bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recycling of Load‐Bearing 3D Printable Double Network Granular Hydrogels
Authors: Charlet Alvaro , Hirsch Matteo , Schreiber Sanjay , Amstad Esther 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSustainable materials, such as recyclable polymers, become increasingly important as they are often environmentally friendlier than their one‐time‐use counterparts. In parallel, the trend toward more customized products demands for fast prototyping methods which allow processing materials into 3D objects that are often only used for a limited amount of time yet, that must be mechanically sufficiently robust to bear significant loads. Soft materials that satisfy the two rather contradictory needs remain to be shown. Here, the authors introduce a material that simultaneously fulfills both requirements, a 3D printable, recyclable double network granular hydrogel (rDNGH). This hydrogel is composed of poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sulfonic acid) microparticles that are covalently crosslinked through a disulfide‐based percolating network. The possibility to independently degrade the percolating network, with no harm to the primary network contained within the microgels, renders the recovery of the microgels efficient. As a result, the recycled material pertains a stiffness and toughness that are similar to those of the pristine material. Importantly, this process can be extended to the fabrication of recyclable hard plastics made of, for example, dried rDNGHs. The authors envision this approach to serve as foundation for a paradigm shift in the design of new sustainable soft materials and plastics.
Chiral Nanoparticles with Enhanced Thermal Stability of Chiral Structures through Alloying
Authors: Ma Yicong , Lin Chao , Cai Linfeng , Qu Geping , Bai Xiaopeng , Yang Lin , Huang Zhifeng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMetallic chiral nanoparticles (CNPs) promisingly function as asymmetric catalysts but lack an important study in thermal stability of optical activity that stems from metastable chiral lattices. In this work, annealing is applied to silver (Ag) CNPs, fabricated by glancing angle deposition (GLAD), and causes elimination of optical activity at 200 °C, mainly ascribed to chiral‐to‐achiral lattice transformation. The Ag CNPs are remarkedly enhanced in thermal stability through an alloying with aluminum (Al) via layer‐by‐layer GLAD to generate binary Ag0.5Al0.5 CNPs composed of solid‐state liquids, whose optical activity vanishes at 700 °C. Ease in the diffusion of Al atoms in the host Ag CNPs and thermal insulation from the Al2O3 layers partially covering the binary CNPs effectively prohibit structural relaxation of the metastable chiral lattices, accounting for the significant enhancement in thermal stability of chiral lattices. This is a pioneering work to investigate the fundamental principles determining the thermal stability of metallic CNPs in terms of chiral structures and optical activity. It paves the way toward applying metallic CNPs to asymmetric catalysis at high temperature to accelerate an asymmetric synthesis of enantiomers with designable chirality, which is one of the most important topics in modern chemistry.
Regulating Electronic Structure of Single‐Atom Catalysts toward Efficient Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysis
Authors: Ji Jiapeng , Wu Lei , Zhou Shiyu , Qiu Tong , Li Zeheng , Wang Liguang , Zhang Liang , Ma Lu , Ling Min , Zhou Shaodong , Liang Chengdu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractElectronic structure of single‐atom catalysts (SACs) is critical for bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis by adjusting the binding energy in oxygen‐containing intermediates. However, the regulation of electronic structure has always been a challenge to improve catalytic reactivity. Herein, by introducing a heterogenous metal, the electronic structure through a direct bonding interaction to the active center atom is effectively adjusted. Partial charge transfer between the two atoms optimizes the binding energy of intermediates and reducing the energy barrier of the catalytic reaction. Theoretical calculations confirm these effects and the uniform distribution of 3d orbitals, leading to the improvement of bifunctional oxygen electrocatalytic reactivity. Benefiting from these attributes, the as‐constructed bifunctional catalyst enables outstanding electrocatalytic performances in both oxygen reduction and hydrogen oxidation in various energy storage systems. The generality and expandability of this strategy is demonstrated by further successful development of other dual‐metal catalysts systems with various active metals.
EESSI: A cross‐platform ready‐to‐use optimised scientific software stack
Authors: Dröge Bob , Holanda Rusu Victor , Hoste Kenneth , van Leeuwen Caspar , O'Cais Alan , Röblitz Thomas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGetting scientific software installed correctly and ensuring it performs well has been a ubiquitous problem for several decades now, which is compounded currently by the changing landscape of computational science with the (re‐)emergence of different microprocessor families, and the expansion to additional scientific domains like artificial intelligence and next‐generation sequencing. The European Environment for Scientific Software Installations (EESSI) project aims to provide a ready‐to‐use stack of scientific software installations that can be leveraged easily on a variety of platforms, ranging from personal workstations to cloud environments and supercomputer infrastructure, without making compromises with respect to performance. In this article, we provide a detailed overview of the project, highlight potential use cases, and demonstrate that the performance of the provided scientific software installations can be competitive with system‐specific installations.
History of the Woodward‐Hoffmann Rules. The No‐Mechanism Puzzle**
Authors: Seeman Jeffrey I. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis is Paper 2 in the 27‐paper series on the history of the development of the Woodward‐Hoffmann rules. Paper 2 takes the reader back to the 1950s and early 1960s, before the publication of the first Woodward‐Hoffmann paper in January 1965. The scope of the pericyclic no‐mechanism problem is described along with many of the key “hints” or “clues” to orbital symmetry control that were available in the literature prior to 1965. A chronology of reactions with alternating stereospecificities is provided. A second chronology of alternating theoretical hints is provided, e. g., 4n+2versus4n. Another chronology is provided, that of the development of frontier molecular orbital theory, with and without phases and nodes. A tabulation is provided of 36 instances in which the MOs of 1,3‐butadiene were reported in the literature. A knowledge of the MOs of 1,3‐butadiene, plus a knowledge of some of the alternating stereospecific reactions, could have led many chemists to the solution of the pericyclic no‐mechanism problembeforeWoodward and Hoffmann.
Diversity in Crystal Structure and Physical Properties of RETX3 (RE – Rare Earth, T – Transition Metal, X – Main Group Element) Intermetallics
Authors: Kumar Singh Ashutosh , Sarkar Sumanta , Peter Sebastian C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRare Earth (re) based intermetallics are a fascinating class of inorganic compounds due to the presence of highly localized f‐electrons. Among the ternary intermetallics, RETX3 (RE – Rare Earth, T – Transition metals, X – 13–15th elements of the main groups) is one of the most widely studied RE‐based intermetallic families in terms of diverse crystal structures as well as physical properties. This perspective presents a brief account of different structural variations observed in this family of compounds. We have also discussed structure‐property correlations in selected compounds in this series that show interesting physical properties such as spin‐glass behavior, superconductivity, heavy fermion behavior, Kondo behavior, etc. The origin of different physical properties of these compounds is also discussed in brief by correlating their crystal structures.
Discovering Healthcare Data Patterns by Artificial Intelligence Methods
Authors: Kriksciuniene Dalia , Sakalauskas Virgilijus , Ognjanović Ivana , Šendelj Ramo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe variety of the artificial intelligence and machine learning methods are applied for data analysis in various areas, including the data-rich healthcare domain. However, aiming to improve health care efficiency and use the captured information to improve treatment methods is often hampered by poor quality of medical data collections, as high percent of health data are unstructured and preserved in different systems and formats. In addition, it is not always agreed which methods of artificial intelligence and machine learning perform better in different problem areas, and which computer tools could make their application more convenient and flexible. The chapter provides essential characteristics of methods, traditionally applied in statistics, such as regression analysis, as well as their advanced modifications of logit, probit models, K-means, and Neural networks. The performance of the methods, their analytical power and relevance to the healthcare application domain is illustrated by brief experimental computations for investigation of stroke patient database with the help of several readily available software tools, such as MS Excel, Statistica, Matlab, Google BigQuery ML.
Person-Centred Care, Theory, Operationalisation and Effects
Authors: Ekman Inger , Swedberg Karl 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn healthcare systems patient engagement and care satisfaction are less than optimal. Different solutions have been proposed to recognise the patient in health care, including person-centred care. The University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC) steering committee formulated three ‘simple routines’ to initiate, integrate and safeguard person-centred care in daily clinical practice. These routines are: the patient narrative followed by an agreed health plan which is then safeguarded by documentation. Health care professionals need to know how health processes are strengthened in a relationship where patients are accepted as persons with their own will and emotions and in which individual responsibilities and capabilities are highlighted. A person-centred perspective uses ethics as a springboard. Such an ethical view can briefly be formulated by: “To aim for the good life, with and for others in just institutions”. When the starting point is ethics and each person is understood as a unique individual, care actions will never be the same for each patient. By asking for the patients’ understanding of the condition and treatment relative to their lives in general, professionals can understand what health, illness, treatment and care convey to patients and their relatives. The patient narratives are obviously very important in formulating the health plan. Controlled studies have found several benefits from implementing person-centred practices, including improved quality of life, maintained self-efficacy and reduced health costs.
Person-Centred Care Implementation: Design and Evaluation Considerations
Authors: Rogers Heather L. , Raposo Vítor , Vajagic Maja , Knezevic Bojana 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Gothenburg model of Person-Centred Care (PCC) is an evidence-based intervention shown to improve care and health outcomes while maintaining cost. Other health systems could benefit from its sustainable implementation. The WE-CARE implementation framework, adapted by COSTCares, provides a base set of enablers and outcomes recommended for the design and evaluation of PCC. The methodology is extended using implementation science to systematically address contextual factors at different levels. Evidence-based frameworks, such as the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), for example, and hybrid effectiveness-implementation study designs can be used. Additional enablers to consider when designing and evaluating PCC implementation strategies are discussed. The outcomes of quality of care and cost can be addressed using a Value for Money (VfM) framework. Various VfM methods and analysis models can be incorporated into PCC implementation research design in order to influence policy makers and health system decision makers towards the sustainable uptake of PCC.
Studying the Impact of Human Resources on the Efficiency of Healthcare Systems and Person-Centred Care
Authors: Knezevic Bojana , Lewandowski Roman Andrzej , Goncharuk Anatoliy , Vajagic Maja 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe explore the alternative explanation for barriers and facilitators for implementation of PCC evolving from human resources through the lenses of institutional theory. We have deepened the explanation by adding the perspective of different institutional logics, which shows that the physician's resistance or nurses’ support may originate from the differences in institutional logics. Working with patients by applying person-centered principles places new demands on health professionals. It is widely agreed that education and training are very important for the clarification on the roles of professionals in the person-centred care. PCC education programs were designed to be delivered through informal training, continued medical education, leadership development and training through mentors’ system. Managers, on the other hand, may support the implementation of PCC, but their motivation may be less oriented to increase of service quality, than gaining higher external legitimacy of the organization and increase organizational access to external resources. Therefore, managers may not implement sufficient control and motivational mechanisms for healthcare professionals for following PCC routines and make them slip back into ‘usual care’ or lose interest, knowledge or commitment. As the psychological state of medical staff can determine the duration and success of the treatment and care, therefore they should be properly motivated. In this chapter we show comparative research study in Ukraine and Poland. The methodology of this study selected a list of motivators for medical staff in both countries. The results of this study brought the main findings that may be useful for reforming inefficient healthcare systems.
Charged Rényi negativity of massless free bosons
Authors: Chen Hui-Huang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the computation of charged moments of the reduced density matrix of two disjoint intervals in the 1+1 dimensional free compactified boson conformal field theory (CFT) by studying the four-point function of the fluxed twist fields. We obtained the exact scaling function of this four-point function and discussed its decompactification limit. This scaling function was used to obtain the charged moments of the partial transpose which we refer as charged Rényi negativity. These charged moments and the charged moments of the partial transpose are essential for the problem of symmetry decomposition of the corresponding entanglement measures. We test our analytic formula against exact numerical computation in the complex harmonic chain, finding perfect agreements.
Cancellation of IR divergences in 3d Abelian gauge theories
Authors: Galati Giovanni , Serone Marco 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Three dimensional abelian gauge theories classically in a Coulomb phase are affected by IR divergences even when the matter fields are all massive. Using generalizations of Ward-Takahashi identities, we show that correlation functions of gauge-invariant operators are IR finite to all orders in perturbation theory. Gauge invariance is sufficient but not necessary for IR finiteness. In particular we show that specific gauge-variant correlators, including the two-point function of matter fields, are also IR finite to all orders in perturbation theory. Possible applications of these results are briefly discussed.
$$ \frac{\left|{V}_{ub}\right|}{\left|{V}_{cb}\right|} $$ and quest for new physics
Authors: Bansal Anshika , Mahajan Namit , Mishra Dayanand 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Charged current semi-leptonic decays of B-meson are important for a precise determination of the CKM elements. The CKM elements |Vub| and |Vcb| show a discrepancy between the exclusive and inclusive determinations. These determinations are however masked with hadronic and other uncertainties, and thus can’t be unambiguously taken as implying new physics. In the present study, we propose a new observable: the ratio of these two CKM elements, $$ {R}_V\equiv \frac{\left|{V}_{ub}\right|}{\left|{V}_{cb}\right|} $$

R
V

≡

V
ub

V
cb

, which is found to receive negligible corrections due to hadronic as well as QED effects. Interestingly, RV as constructed from exclusive determinations of |Vub| and |Vcb| agrees quite well with that constructed from the inclusive determinations of these CKM elements. Hence, we propose that RV is a better and cleaner observable, and can serve as an excellent tool for the test of the Standard Model. We also provide an example of its probing power.
Joint Value-Distribution of Shifts of the Riemann Zeta-Function
Authors: Pańkowski Łukasz 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe prove that any complex values$$z_1,\ldots ,z_n$$z1,…,zncan be approximated by the following integral shifts of the Riemann zeta-function$$\zeta (s+id_1\tau ),\ldots ,\zeta (s+id_n\tau )$$ζ(s+id1τ),…,ζ(s+idnτ)for infinitely many$$\tau $$τ, provided$$d_1,\ldots ,d_n\in {\mathbb {Q}}$$d1,…,dn∈Qare distinct and positive, andsis a fixed complex number lying in the right open half of the critical strip.
Anästhesiologische Aspekte bei Patienten mit Epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Ziegler B. , Ofner S. , Lischent J. , Perndorfer J. , Diem A. , Laimer M. , Prodinger C. , Treff F. 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungEpidermolysis bullosa führt durch veränderte Strukturproteine der dermoepidermalen Verankerungszone zu Blasenbildung und dadurch zu Vernarbungen und Strikturen an Haut und Schleimhäuten. Patienten mit dieser Erkrankung müssen sich typischerweise häufig chirurgischen Interventionen unterziehen, die durch die Erkrankung und ihre Komplikationen notwendig werden. Die anästhesiologische Betreuung der Betroffenen stellt naturgemäß eine große Herausforderung dar. In diesem Übersichtsartikel werden Besonderheiten dieses Patientenguts und praktische Empfehlungen für seine Betreuung zusammengefasst.
Rohes Fleisch, viele Probleme: seltene Infektion bei einem Patienten nach mechanischem Klappenersatz und Lebertransplantation
Authors: Dölle Michael , Soltani Samira , Wedemeyer Heiner , Maasoumy Benjamin , Brod Torben 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungWir berichten über einen 43 Jahre alten Patienten, der sich im septischen Schock mit unspezifischer gastrointestinaler Symptomatik in der Notaufnahme vorstellte. Sonographie und CT erbrachten bei dem lebertransplantierten und mit mechanischer Mitralklappe versorgten Patienten keinen Infektfokus. Die Blutkulturen zeigten sich positiv für Listeria monocytogenes. Eine transösophageale Echokardiographie zeigte eine Prothesenendokarditis. Unter Ampicillin zeigte sich der Befund deutlich rückläufig.
Tiefe Venenthrombose als Primärsymptom eines abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas
Authors: Körfer D. , Uhl C. , Meisenbacher K. , Dufner M. , Frey N. , Böckler D. , Bischoff M. S. 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungEin 70-jähriger adipöser Patient (Body-Mass-Index [BMI] 46,7 kg/m2) stellte sich mit ausgeprägter Schmerzsymptomatik beider Beine bei klinischem Vollbild einer tiefen Venenthrombose vor. Duplexsonographisch bestätigte sich eine 4‑Etagen-Thrombose. Nach frustranem venösem Rekanalisationsversuch erfolgte CT-angiographisch der Nachweis eines abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas von 15 cm maximalem Querdurchmesser mit vollständiger Kompression der V. cava inferior. Zur venösen Dekompression sowie der Rupturprophylaxe wurde eine offen-chirurgische Aneurysmaausschaltung durchgeführt.
Retirement routes and the well-being of retirees
Authors: Atalay Kadir , Barrett Garry 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAs the Baby-Boomer generation approaches the retirement stage of the life cycle, understanding the implications of the labour market transition for individuals' well-being is increasingly important for policy making. In this article, we assess whether individuals successfully navigate the transition from work to retirement by analysing changes in subjective well-being with retirement using Australian panel data. To account for the fact that retirement is often a choice, we exploit social security eligibility rules to identify the causal effect of retirement on well-being. We find that life satisfaction significantly improves for the large majority of individuals who voluntarily retire from the labour force. However, there are also important disparities and individuals forced to retire early do not experience gains in life satisfaction with retirement. Moreover, the negative impact of involuntary retirement is greatest for individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds. We also present new evidence on intra-household retirement spillovers by assessing the effect of one partner's retirement circumstances on their spouse's life satisfaction. The article further extends the literature by examining the mechanisms through which retirement affects individuals' life satisfaction. We find that declines in life satisfaction are in part driven by an increase in financial hardship and reduced social interactions.
Learning under unawareness
Authors: Grant Simon , Meneghel Idione , Tourky Rabee 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe propose a model of learning when experimentation is possible, but unawareness and ambiguity matter. In this model, complete lack of information regarding the underlying data generating process is expressed as a (maximal) family of priors. These priors yield posterior inferences that become more precise as more information becomes available. As information accumulates, however, the individual’s level of awareness as encoded in the state space may expand. Such newly learned states are initially seen as ambiguous, but as evidence accumulates there is a gradual reduction of ambiguity.
A new endophytic fungus CJAN1179 isolated from the Cholistan desert promotes lateral root growth in Arabidopsis and produces IAA through tryptophan-dependent pathway
Authors: Naureen Adeela , Nasim Faiz-ul H. , Choudhary Muhammad S. , Ashraf Muhammad , Grundler Florian M. W. , Schleker A. Sylvia S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFungi, important for growth of plants in arid lands, are expected to be involved in novel biochemical activities during fungal–plant interactions. We isolated 150 fungi associated with rhizosphere and root endosphere of two perennial grasses,Cymbopogon jwarancusaandPanicum antidotale, from Cholistan desert. The isolates were screened for their impact on plant growth and development usingArabidopsis thaliana (Col-0)as a model system. A root-endophytic fungus CJAN1179 fromC. jwarancusashowed the highest plant growth-promoting effects. The most remarkable was enhanced number of lateral roots (3.1-fold). CJAN1179 produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) particularly in the presence of tryptophan. ITS sequence and phylogenetic analysis characterisation suggested the fungus to be a new species withinSordariomycetidae.CJAN1179 appears to promote plant growth by secreting IAA using tryptophan as a precursor. This fungus can be further explored for its suitability to promote growth of commercially important crops, particularly in arid regions.