bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Obesity and Bone Mineral Density in Middle-Aged Adults
Authors: Li Yue 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The relationship between obesity and bone mineral density (BMD) varies in different studies. Our aim in this study was to explore the association between obesity (Body mass index ≥ 30) and BMD among adults 40-59 years of age.
Methods
This study was conducted on a sample of 2218 participants (986 men and 1232 women) aged from 40 to 59 years, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018. The independent variable was Body mass index (BMI) and the dependent variable was lumbar BMD. We performed weighted multivariate linear regression models and smooth curve fittings to evaluate the associations between BMI and lumbar BMD.
Results
The BMI was positively associated with lumbar BMD, after adjusting for other covariates (β 0.006; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.003-0.008). An inverted U-shaped association between the BMI and lumbar BMD was further identified, with the point of infection was at about 50 kg/m2. On subgroup analyses, the relationship between BMI and lumbar BMD of women and blacks were inverted U-shaped.
Conclusion
Based on the result, it may be beneficial to appropriately increase BMI to promote BMD. However, considering the inverted U-shaped association, an excessive BMI may be harmful to bone health on women and blacks.
Results of the SepsEast Registry to define the Characteristics in Coronavirus Disease in Central-Eastern Europe between March 2020-February 2021: an international, multicentre retrospective study of the SEARCH-COVID-19 Study Group
Authors: Benes Jan , Jankowski Miłosz , Szułdrzynski Konstanty , Zahorec Roman , Lainscak Mitja , Ruszkai Zoltán , Podbregar Matej , Zatloukal Jan , Kletecka Jakub , Kusza Krzysztof , Szrama Jakub , Ramic Estera , Galkova Katarina , Krbila Stefan , Valky Josef , Ivanic Jaka , Kurnik Marko , Mikó Angéla , Kiss Tamás , Hetényi Barbara , Hegyi Peter , Sustic Alan , Molnar Zsolt 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused unprecedented research activity all around the world but publications from Central-Eastern European countries remain scarce. Therefore, our aim was to characterise the features of the pandemic in the intensive care units (ICUs) among members of the SepsEast (Central-Eastern European Sepsis Forum) initiative.Methods: We conducted a retrospective, international, multicentre study between March 2020-February 2021. All adult patients admitted to the ICU with pneumonia caused by COVID-19 were enrolled. Data on baseline and treatment characteristics, organ support and mortality were collected. Results: Eleven centres from six countries provided data from 2139 patients. Patient characteristics were; median 68, [IQR 60-75] years of age; males: 67%; body mass index: 30.1 [27.0-34.7]; and 88% comorbidities. Overall mortality was 55%, which increased from 2020 to 2021 (p=0.004). The major causes of death were respiratory (37%), cardiovascular (26%) and sepsis with multiorgan failure (21%). 1061 patients received invasive mechanical ventilation (mortality: 66%) without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (n=54). The rest of the patients received non-invasive ventilation (n=129), high flow nasal oxygen (n=317), conventional oxygen therapy (n=122), as the highest level of ventilatory support, with mortality of 50%, 39% and 22%, respectively. Conclusions: This is the largest COVID-19 dataset from Central-Eastern European ICUs to date. The high mortality observed especially in those receiving invasive mechanical ventilation renders the need of establishing national-international ICU registries and audits in the region that could provide high quality, transparent data, not only during the pandemic, but also on a regular basis.
Metastatic role of galectin-1 in neuroendocrine cervical cancer
Authors: Ho Tsung-Chin , Yang Yi-Ting , CHOU HSIU-CHUAN , Leung John-Hang , Lee Ying-Ray , Chan Hong-Lin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cervical cancer is ranked top ten in the ranking of female cancer and the metastasis of cervical cancer is one of the main causes of decreasing five-year-survival rates. Neuroendocrine cervical cancer belongs to rare type of cervical cancer and is one of the more malignant cancer type, compared to squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. In the previous work, we have carried out proteomics-based 2D-DIGE and MALDI-TOF-MS to analyze the differentially modulated proteins in neuroendocrine cells (HM-1) and other types of cervical cancer cells (Caski, ME-180, HeLa). In which, galectin-1 (LGALS1) was selected as the candidate protein due to high expression of LGALS1 in HM-1 cells. In this study, use small interfering RNA (siRNA) to knockdown LGALS1 expression in HM-1and HM-2 which isolated from human tissue. The migration ability and proliferation ability of neuroendocrine cervical cancer cells are effectively inhibited. Also, the de-regulation of cell cycle progression was observed during LGALS1 silencing. As a result, LGALS1 affects the migration and proliferation ability in neuroendocrine cervical cancer. The protein is potential to be a candidate to detect and treatment of neuroendocrine cervical cancer.
Experimental study on ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding of hardened steel using white corundum wheel
Authors: Huang Qiang , Zhao Biao , Cao Yang , Ding Wenfeng , Fu Yucan , Pu Changlan , Tang Menglan , Deng Mingming , Liu Guoliang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding (UVAG) combined with the ultrasonic vibrating method and CG process was proposed, aiming at improving the grindability of hardened steel in conventional grinding (CG) process. Comparative investigations on grinding force, temperature, and specific grinding energy for both grinding processes were studied in detail. In addition, the morphologies of wheel wear surface and ground surface were also conducted. Findings show that in comparison of CG processes, the grinding forces in UVAG are reduced greatly by 16.44% and 17.44%, for normal and tangential forces, respectively. The UVAG process attributes to a lower specific grinding energy by 8.30% owing to the increase of maximum undeformed chip thickness, and a smaller grinding temperature by 19.01% due to the improvement of coolant heat transfer capacity in the grinding arc zone. Meanwhile, the promising grain sharpness of wheels can be guaranteed, resulting from the enhanced cooling function on grinding arc zone and grains micro-fracture caused by ultrasonic impacting actions.
Remarkable virus diversity and organized community in filter-feeding oysters varied from those of the ocean virome
Authors: Jiang Jing-Zhe , Fang Yi-Fei , Wei Hong-Ying , Zhu Peng , Liu Min , Yang Li-Ling , Guo Ying-Xiang , Jin Tao , Shi Mang , Yao Tuo , Lu Jie , Ye Ling-Tong , Shi Shao-Kun , Wang Meng , Duan Ming , Zhang Dian-Chang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background:Viruses play critical roles in the marine environment because of their interactions with an extremely broad range of potential hosts. Many studies of viruses in seawater have been published, but viruses that inhabit marine animals have been largely neglected. Oysters are keystone species in coastal ecosystems, but as filter-feeding bivalves with very large roosting numbers and species co-habitation, it is not clear what role they play in marine virus transmission and coastal microbiome regulation.Results:Here we report a Dataset of Oyster Virome (DOV) that contains 728,784 nonredundant viral operational taxonomic unit (vOTU) (≥800 bp) contigs and 3,473 high-quality viral genomes, enabling the first comprehensive overview of both DNA and RNA viral communities in oysters (Crassostrea hongkongensis). We discovered tremendous diversity among novel viruses that inhabit oysters using multiple approaches, including reads recruitment, vOTUs, and high-quality virus genomes. Our results show that these viruses are very different from viruses in the oceans or other habitats. In particular, the high diversity of novel circoviruses that we found in oysters indicates that oysters may be potential hotspots for circoviruses. Notably, the viruses that were enriched in oysters are not random but are well organized communities that can respond to changes in the health state of the host and the external environment at both compositional and functional levels.Conclusions:In this study, we generated a first knowledge landscape of the oyster virome, which has increased the number of known oyster-related viruses by tens of thousands of times. Our results suggest that oysters provide a unique habitat that is different from that of seawater, and highlight the importance of filter-feeding bivalves for marine virus exploration as well as their essential but still invisible roles in regulating marine ecosystems.
Cortical Blindness due to neurocysticercosis in an adolescent patient
Authors: opara Nnennaya 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a common cause of recent-onset seizures in both adults and children in tropical areas, especially when there is no other suggestion of an underlying neurological disorder. In addition, there have been reports of very rare cases of bilateral cortical blindness caused by helminths in children. It is still unclear whether healthy adolescents with no pre-existing health problems could be vulnerable to developing such sequelae due to NCC.CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 14-year-old African boy from Nigeria with bilateral cortical blindness caused by NCC due to Taenia solium. According to the boy’s mother, symptoms began with headaches, vomiting, fatigue, visual loss, and fever (40.0 °C). Clinical investigations led to a diagnosis of cortical blindness and encephalitis due to NCC. Appropriate treatment was administered, and it resulted in the resolution of most symptoms, though the patient remained permanently blind.CONCLUSIONS: After reviewing the literature and experience learned from our patient case presentation, we suggest that early neurological evaluation and serology tests for NCC in patients with seizures of unknown origin and with a history of travel to endemic regions should prompt a workup for NCC and immediate treatment. Localization of cysticerci can occur in any part of the brain; therefore, cyst invasion and damage of the occipital cortex can cause bilateral vision loss.
Maternal-fetal Stress and Dna Methylation Signatures in Neonatal Saliva: an Epigenome-wide Association Study.
Authors: Sharma Ritika , Frasch Martin G. , Zelgert Camila , Zimmermann Peter , Fabre Bibiana , Wilson Rory , Waldenberger Melanie , MacDonald James W. , Bammler Theo K. , Lobmaier Silvia M. , Antonelli Marta C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Maternal stress before, during and after pregnancy has profound effects on the development and life-long function of the infant’s neurocognitive development. We hypothesized that the programming of the Central Nervous System (CNS), Hypothalamic Pituitary Axis (HPA) and Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) induced by prenatal stress (PS) is reflected in electrophysiological and epigenetic biomarkers. In this study, we aimed to find non-invasive epigenetic biomarkers of PS in the newborn salivary DNA.
Results
738 pregnant women were screened for stress exposure using Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), 164 women were enrolled and 114 dyads were analyzed. Prenatal Distress Questionnaire (PDQ) was also administered to assess specific pregnancy worries. Transabdominal fetal Electrocardiograms (taECG) were recorded to derive coupling between maternal and fetal heart rates resulting in a “Fetal Stress Index” (FSI). Upon delivery, we collected maternal hair strands for cortisol measurements and newborn’s saliva for epigenetic analyses. DNA was extracted from saliva samples and DNA methylation was measured using EPIC Bead-Chip array (850k CpG sites). Linear regression was used to identify associations between PSS/PDQ/FSI/Cortisol and DNA methylation. We found epigenome-wide significant associations for 5 CpG with PDQ and cortisol at FDR < 5%. Three CpGs were annotated to genes (Illumina Gene annotation file): YAP1, TOMM20 and CSMD1 and two CpGs were located approximately lay at 50kb from SSBP4 and SCAMP1. In addition, two Differentiated Methylation regions (DMR) related to maternal stress measures PDQ and cortisol were found: DAXX and ARL4D.
Conclusions
Genes annotated to these CpGs were found to be involved in secretion and transportation, nuclear signaling, Hippo signaling pathways, apoptosis, intra-cellular trafficking and neuronal signaling. Moreover, some CpGs are annotated to genes related to autism, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and schizophrenia. Early assessment of such non-invasive PS biomarkers will allow timelier detection of babies at risk and a more effective allocation of resources for early intervention programs to improve child development. A biomarker-guided early intervention strategy is the first step in the prevention of future health problems, reducing their personal and societal impact.
A Self-attention Graph Convolutional Network for Precision Multi-tumour Early Diagnostics with DNA Methylation Data
Authors: Jiang X ue , Li Zhiqi , Wang Heng , Chu Yanyi , Wang Qiankun , Mao Xueying , Zhao Jing , Jiang Mingming , Zhao Bowen , Xiong Yi , Wang Edwin , Wei Dongqing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
DNA methylation data-based precision tumour early diagnostics is emerging as the state of the art for molecular tumour recognition, which could capture the signals of cancer occurrence 3 ~ 5 years in advance and clinically more homogenous groups. However, the sensitive of early detection for many tumors is about 30%, which needs to be greatly improved. Nevertheless, on the basis of the whole genome bisulfite sequencing methylation data, a comprehensive characterisation of the entire molecular genetic landscape of the tumor as well as the subtle differences between different tumours could be identified. With the accumulation of methylation data, high performance deep learning models that considering and modeling more unbiased information need to be developed. According to the above analysis, we designed a pipeline to investigate genome-wide DNA methylation patterns for precision multi-tumour early diagnostics. We proposed a graph convolutional network considering the attention mechanism to dissect DNA methylation heterogeneity of different cancer types. The attention mechanism in the graph convolutional network architecture could detect the cancer signals from genome-wide methylated molecular interactions, improving the robustness and sensitivity of multi-tumor classification. Experimental results demonstrates the feasibility of precision multi-tumour early diagnostics with the DNA methylation data. The workflow presented here is very useful for tumor classification, which highly relevant for the future blood diagnosis and treatment of the tumour.
Aproximación al aprendizaje pedagógico en la discapacidad intelectual leve
Authors: Quintero López Catalina , Gil Vera Víctor Daniel , Arbeláez Montoya Katherine , Castañeda Aguilar Leidy Yohanna , González Fontalvo Catherine Lizeth , Meneses Villa Luisa Fernanda 
Published: February 2022

Este trabajo presenta una reflexión actualizada de métodos y estrategias eficaces para el aprendizaje del cálculo, la escritura y lectura en sujetos con discapacidad intelectual leve. Conforme con el análisis de las investigaciones abordadas, se puede concluir que, si bien los propósitos de la atención pedagógica a los sujetos con déficit intelectual vienen enmarcados bajo los principios de la educación inclusiva, se evidencia una gran diferencia entre las intenciones de la educación inclusiva y la realidad de las instituciones educativas. Así, los niños con discapacidad intelectual leve, pese a ser integrados en el aula regular, no logran recibir la atención educativa requerida para fortalecer los aprendizajes pedagógicos de lectoescritura y cálculo; situación que se relaciona con el desconocimiento, por parte de los docentes, de las estrategias pedagógicas para abordar las particularidades educativas de esta población. El resultado del análisis, evidencia la existencia de diversas técnicas; indica, al mismo tiempo, que no existe un método específico para el aprendizaje de habilidades académicas en los sujetos con deficiencias intelectuales leves, sugiere identificar el interés y la necesidad de los estudiantes para así establecer flexibilizaciones en las planeaciones pedagógicas y metodológicas del currículo que favorezcan el proceso de aprendizaje.
Orchestration of Obesolytic Activity of Microbiome: Metabiotics at Centre Stage
Authors: Kapoor Bhupinder , Singh Apoorva , Gulati Monica , Singh Sachin Kumar , Rani Pooja , Alzahrani Qushmua , Dua Kamal , Dureja Harish , Corrie Leander 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Metabiotics have emerged as the safer alternatives to probiotics in last decade. Unlike probiotics that are
live microbes, metabiotics are the low molecular weight bioactive metabolites produced by the gut microbiota. While
offering a similar profile of health benefits as that of probiotics, metabiotics are free from the risks and uncertain
responses associated with administration of live bacteria into the body. Metabiotics have demonstrated substantial
effectiveness across the ethnicities, age, gender and nutritional habits in a number of metabolic disorders, including
obesity. Obesity is attributed to the offsetting of the energy homeostasis of the body due to a number of genetic,
endocrinological, and environmental factors leading to obesity. The obesogenic mechanisms are quite complicated as
they result from a complex interplay among a number of factors. Owing to a variety of constituents exerting their
action through different pathways, metabiotics offer a pragmatic option for treatment as well as prevention of obesity
by addressing heterogeneous aspects of its aetiology. In this review, we categorize various components of metabiotics
and discuss their cross-talk with host cells at the molecular level. We also discuss the challenges in understanding
these interactions and their potential effects on obesity treatment and prevention strategies. Considering the alarming
rise in obesity all over the world, metabiotics offer an attractive non-pharmacological approach to spearhead the
strategies being designed to combat the challenges posed by the obesity epidemic.
Comparing Perfusion Data of CE-MRI, SWI, and CTA with MR
Perfusion in Stroke
Authors: Aralaşmak Ayşe , Çetinkaya Ezra , Goksungur Gurol , Kaya Mehmet Onur , Toprak Huseyin , Kolukısa Mehmet , Asıl Talip , Kurtcan Serpil , Özdemir Hüseyin 
Published: February 2022

Background:
To evaluate the perfusion status of patients with acute stroke, different imaging
tools are used depending on the condition. CT-CT Angiography and MRI are indispensable imaging
tools to diagnose and manage stroke patients. Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) also has been
used lately to evaluate vascular structures and consequences of stroke in the brain. We aimed to compare
CE-MRI, SWI, and CTA with DSC-MRP in terms of perfusion.

Methods:
Stroke cases of CE-MRI, SWI, CTA and DSC-MRP of 44 patients were included. Collateralization
was assessed on CTA; leptomeningeal-pial collateralization (LPC) and parenchymal enhancement
(PE) on CE-MRI; prominent vessel sign (PVS) and hemorrhagic transformation on SWI.
Results were compared with MRP maps and the ratio of penumbra/infarct core.

Results:
LPC was correlated with increased CBV (p<0,001), decreased CBF (p=0,026), and prolonged
MTT and TTP (p=0,001 and p=0,003). LPC was observed more often in cases with infarct zones with
penumbra compared to those without penumbra (p=0,024). PE was positively correlated with prolonged
MTT and TTP (p=0,015 and p=0,031). Moreover, there was a positive relationship between PE
and increased penumbra ratio over the infarct core (p=0,037). Ipsilateral PVS was associated with increased
CBV (p=0,004) and decreased CBF (p=0,002). No relationship was found between collateralization
grading on CTA and perfusion metrics or penumbra ratio.

Conclusion:
In conclusion; ipsilateral PVS can be a measure of CBV and CBF. LPC on CE-MRI can
be a sign of an increase in CBV. PE can show larger penumbra. CE-MRI with SWI can be used to
evaluate perfusion status.
Evaluation of Pleotropic Protective Activity of Capparis spinose Extract on
Arthritis Rat Model
Authors: Yosri Mohammed , Elaasser Mahmoud M. , Abdel-Aziz Marwa M. , Ahmed Hanna Y. , Amin Basma H. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Capparis spinosa grows in Asian and Mediterranean desert areas. Different parts of Capparis spinosa, including flowers, have been used in various folk medicine applications.

Objective:
This study aims to evaluate the anti-arthritic potential of ethanolic extract of Egyptian
Capparis spinosa flowers in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis. Moreover, analysis of Capparis
spinosa extract was performed using LC-qTOF-MS/MS.

Methods:
Animals were split into six groups: negative control group, induced arthritic animals,
arthritic rats receiving 7, 14 and 28 mg/kg of Capparis spinosa extract, respectively, in three
groups to detect the optimum dose, and the induced group receiving a standard drug. The arthritic
score was checked daily for 15 days after induction. After animals were sacrificed, their joints and
muscles were subjected to microscopic and ultra-structure examinations. Ex vivo culturing of osteoclasts was performed. Cytokine levels were measured in all examined groups.

Results:
The results revealed 7 mg/kg of Capparis spinosa extract as the optimal dose, which decreased inflammation signs through controlling chondrocytes, osteoclasts, and levels of inflammatory mediators.

Conclusion:
LC-Mass analysis revealed Capparis spinosa extract to contain a mixture of flavonol
glycosides, flavan-3-ols and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, which may provide beneficial multifunction in regulating arthritic symptoms.
Preventive and Therapeutic Aspects of Migraine for Patient Care: An Insight
Authors: Tiwari Gaurav , Tiwari Ruchi , Mishra Sonam , Ramachandran Vadivelan 
Published: February 2022

Background:Migraine is a common neurological condition marked by frequent mild to ex-treme headaches that last 4 to 72 hours. A migraine headache may cause a pulsing or concentrated throb-bing pain in one part of the brain. Nausea, vomiting, excessive sensitivity to light and sound, smell, feeling sick, vomiting, painful headache, and blurred vision are all symptoms of migraine disorder. Females are more affected by migraines in comparison to males.Objective:The present review article summarizes preventive and therapeutic measures, including allopa-thic and herbal remedies for the treatment of migraine.Results:This review highlights the current aspects of migraine pathophysiology and covers an under-standing of the complex workings of the migraine state. Therapeutic agents that could provide an effective treatment have also been discussed.Conclusion:It can be concluded that different migraines could be treated based on their type and severity.