bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Bad Bug is Back
Authors: Mete B , Kurt AF , Urkmez S , Demirkiran O , Can G , Dumanli GY , Bozbay S , Arsu HY , Otlu B , Karaali R , Balkan II , Saltoglu N , Dikmen Y , Tabak F , Aygun G 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Epidemiology of nosocomial infections may show variability because of under-estimation of infection control measures (ICMs) in coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) outbreak.

Aim:
To investigate the Acinetobacter bacteremia outbreak developed in an intensive care unit (ICU) between March 20 to May 15, 2020, examine the risk factors, and re-evaluate ICM retrospectively.

Material and Methods:
A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted to determine the risk factors, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed for analysis of the outbreak, ICM practices were observed by a team, and infection control interventions were undertaken.

Results:

Acinetobacter bacteremia developed in 17 patients (21.5%) within 79 COVID-19 patients included in the study. The mean age of the bacteremic patients was 67.3 (SD = 14.82) years, and 82.4% of them were male; of these, 15 died, leading to 88.2% mortality. The bacteremia rate was higher compared with a 14-month period preceding the COVID-19 pandemic (17/79 versus 12/580 patients, respectively). PFGE revealed that the outbreak was polyclonal. On multi-variate analysis, the bacteremia development rate was 13.7 and 5.06 times higher with central venous catheter (CVC) use and in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), respectively. The mortality rate was higher in bacteremic patients (p = 0.0016). It was observed that ICMs were not followed completely, especially change of gloves and hand hygiene. Contamination of A. baumannii was observed in 38% of the gloves.

Conclusion:
COPD and CVC use were determined as risk factors for Acinetobacter bacteremia development, and failures in ICM may have led to cross-contamination of endemic A. baumannii. The outbreak could be controlled within 3 weeks of interventions.
An integrated approach for the characterization of groundwater quality using multivariate statistical techniques and spatial analysis
Authors: Geetha S. , Dharmendirakumar M. , Sunil J. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT. Ground water accessed via wells in areas of Tiruvallur district of the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu has been a subject to increase sea-water intrusion. The present study highlights the potable water crisis in the northern district evaluated using GIS-assisted determination of water quality parameters across fifty sampling sites. The most informative parameters evaluated within this study were TDS, EC, TH, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl- and SO42- while parameters such as pH, CO32-, etc. had limited correlated significance to water quality. The total dissolved solids (TDS) and electrical conductivity (EC) determined in the study area indicated significantly elevated levels across the sampling sites. Weighted arithmetical indexing (WAI) of the water quality parameters indicated 30 out of 50 water sources meet the tolerance limits for both drinking and irrigation. Based on BIS standards, only 13 sites met acceptable limits for safe drinking water. Principal component analysis and piper plot analysis revealed a significant involvement of Mg2+, Na+, Cl- and SO42- in the impairment of water quality, particularly in the coastal zones. Spatial hydro-chemical profiles developed in this study reveal ‘hot-spots’ of sea-water tainted water sources, and the hydro-chemical dominance of alkali earth components. Altogether, the study findings indicate a widening water crisis on top of over-exploited water resources and discuss possible factors and remedial steps in addressing the situation.

KEY WORDS: Ground water, Principal component analysis, Piper Plot, Water quality index, Irrigation suitability

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(2), 241-260.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i2.1
A new simple route for synthesis of cadmium(II), zinc(II), cobalt(II), and manganese(II) carbonates using urea as a cheap precursor and theoretical investigation
Authors: Al-Hazmi Ghaferah H. , Alibrahim Khuloud A. , Refat Moamen S. , B.  Ibrahim Omar , Majid A. Adam Abdel , Shakya Sonam 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT. The MnCO3.H2O, CoCO3.4H2O, ZnCO3, and CdCO3, respectively, were synthesized through a new precise, easy pathway for the reaction of MnI2, CoI2, ZnI2, or CdI2 aqueous solutions with a cheap precursor-urea for 10 h at ~ 70 oC. The IR spectra of reaction products designate the presence of characteristic bands of ionic carbonate, CO32– and absence of the individual bands of urea. The (CO3)2- ion is planar and therefore, it belongs to the D3h symmetry. It is expected to display four modes of vibrations. The stretching vibrations of the type; n(C-O) is observed in the range of (1376-1503) cm-1 while another stretching vibration n(C-O) is observed in the region 1060-1079 cm-1. The out of plane of vibration d(OCO) is observed in the range of (833-866) cm-1 while, the angle deformation bending vibration d(OCO) appear in the range of (708-732) cm-1. The infrared spectra of metal carbonate, show that, this product clearly has an uncoordinated water. The band related to the stretching vibration n(O-H) of uncoordinated H2O is observed as expected in the range of ~ 3000 cm-1. A general mechanism explaining the synthesis of carbonate compounds of cadmium(II), zinc(II), cobalt(II), and manganese(II), are described. Moreover, the DFT outcomes using B3LYP/LanL2DZ (basis set) agree with the experimental results.

KEY WORDS: Carbonate, CoI2, Infrared spectra, Urea, DFT

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(2), 363-372.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i2.10
Antioxidant, antimicrobial and antityrosinase activities of phytochemicals from the leaves of Globimetula braunii (Engler) Van Tiegh (Loranthaceae)
Authors: Ja’afar Muhammad Kamal , Jamil Shajarahtunnur , Basar Norazah , Mohd Arriffin Norzafneza , Tijjani Idris Mariya , Jibril Saidu , Temilola Akanji Fausat 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT. Herbal preparations of Globimetula braunii leaves are used in tropical African countries for the treatment of several illnesses. A preliminary study of the leaf extracts of Globimetula braunii has confirmed the antioxidant, antibacterial, biochemical and toxicological potency of the plant. The leaf extracts were subjected to bioactivity guided fractionation that led to the isolation of the active compounds. Antioxidant, antityrosinase and antimicrobial inhibitory activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated. Structural elucidations of the isolated compounds were carried out spectroscopically, including the use of 1D/2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and mass spectrometry. Results indicated that quercetin (15) isolated from ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging capacity and also showed the highest ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) equivalent value. Quercetin (15) and dodoneine (14) displayed the highest tyrosinase inhibition activity with IC50 value of 0.12±0.32 mM and 0.19±0.20 mM, respectively. All the isolated compounds showed weak to not active in the antimicrobial inhibition assay. The findings in this report have revealed the antioxidant and antityrosinase potential of Globimetula braunii and thus supporting their traditional uses.

KEY WORDS: Globimetula braunii, Antioxidant, Antityrosinase, Antimicrobial, Triterpenoid esters, Dodoneine

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(2), 387-397.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i2.12
Cytotoxic compounds from the root bark of Securidac alongipedunculata
Authors: Wedajo Feyisa , Gure Abera , Meshesha Melkau , Kedir Kassim , Frese Marcel , Sewald Norbert , Abdissa Negera 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT. Chromatographic separation of the ethyl acetate extract of the root bark of Securidaca longipedunculata led to the isolation of one new xanthone derivative (1) along with nine known compounds (2-10). The structure of the isolated compounds were identified by NMR, mass spectrometric analyses, and comparison with the reported literature data. The isolates were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity with compounds 5 (IC50 = 0.38 µM) and 6 (IC50 = 52 µM) showed significant inhibitory activities against the human cervical cancer KB-3-1 cell line. Compound 5 displayed superior activity, which is even better than one of the reference drugs (griseofulvin, IC50 = 17 µM), whereas the rest showed little or none inhibitory activities.

KEY WORDS: Securidaca longipedunculata, Root bark, Xanthones, Cytotoxicity, Cervical cancer

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(2), 417-422.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i2.14
Heck-Matsuda reaction utilizing in-situ generated palladium on aluminum phosphate
Authors: Stern Therese , Heyde (née Lucks) Sandra , Brunner Heiko 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT. Pd on AlPO4-catalyst was prepared by a one-pot process using Pd(OAc)2 and AlPO4 in methanol as solvent. The synthesized catalyst was used in the monoarylation of olefins via the Heck-Matsuda reaction. Several functionalized arylvinylphosphonates, cinnamic derivatives and benzalacetones could be obtained in good to excellent yields.

KEY WORDS: Arylvinylphosphonates, Benzalacetones, Cinnamic derivatives, Palladium on Aluminum phosphate, Kinetic studies

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(2), 423-432.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i2.15
Synthesis and biological assessment of new benzothiazolopyridine and benzothiazolyl- triazole derivatives as antioxidant and antibacterial agents
Authors: Arafat Mahmoud , Abdel-Latif Ehab , M. El-Taweel Fathy , N. Ayyad Seif-Eldin , S. Mohamed Khaled 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT. A novel series of benzothiazolopyridine derivatives was synthesized via interaction of -2-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)acrylonitrile (2) with a diverse of commercially available reagents (indandione, thiobarbituric acid, and malononitrile). Moreover, a novel group of benzothiazole linked substituted 1,2,3-triazole derivatives were synthesized by exploring the chemical behavior of 5-benzothiazolyl-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-triazol-4-amine through refluxing in glacial acetic acid, condensation with phthalic anhydride, and cyanoacetylation reactions. All newly synthetized compounds have been tested for their antioxidant and antibacterial activities compared with ascorbic acid and Ampicillin as reference drugs, respectively. The benzothiazolo- pyridopyrimidine compound 6 was found the most potent antioxidant agent with IC50 = 0.015 mg/mL compared to the results of ascorbic acid (IC50 = 0.022 mg/mL). The investigated compounds showed no antibacterial properties against Gram-negative bacterial species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Benzothiazolopyridine derivative 5 displayed the best growth inhibition against Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus with inhibition zones 24 and 20 mm, respectively.

KEY WORDS: Benzothiazole, Pyridobenzothiazole, 1,2,3-Triazole, Naphtharidine, Antioxidant

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(2), 451-463.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i2.17
Synthesis, characterization and structural study of Fe(III) complex derived from sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate
Authors: Chaieb Zahira , Zizi Zahia , Benghalem Abderrezak 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT. Fe(III) complex derived from sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) has been synthesized and characterized using FT-IR, TGA, UV-Vis and VSM analysis. The complex structure was determined and illustrated. The study of thermogravimetric, optic and magnetic properties are reported and discussed. The bands in electronic spectrum involved a fully allowed transitions characteristic of Charge Transfer absorption from ligand to metal. The structural study revealed an octahedral geometry around the iron(III) ion. The complex obtained has the following formula [Fe(SDB)3]11H2O , where Fe(III) is linked to three bidentate ligands. This complexation is confirmed by layering FT-IR Ligand/Complex spectra. Moreover, the VSM analysis collected at room temperature exhibits antiferromagnetic behaviour referred to the anti-alignment of the magnetic moment of Fe3+.

KEY WORDS: Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, Iron(III) complex, Spectral analysis, TGA, Magnetic properties

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(2), 353-361.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i2.9
Síntesis, evaluación biológica y relaciones estructura-actividad de nuevos antiandrógenos esteroidales
Authors: Franco Karen Nayelly Córdova , Zamudio Gladys Jaquelinne Nieves , Bratoeff †Eugene , Salinas Marisa Cabeza , Salazar Guillermina Yazmín Arellano 
Published: May 2022

Se sintetizaron 3β-ésteres 17-metoxilados derivados de la deshidroepiandrosterona con el fin de ser utilizados como agentes terapéuticos para el tratamiento de la Hiperplasia Prostática Benigna (HPB) o el Cáncer de Próstata (CaP), ya sea mediante la inhibición de la enzima 5α-reductasa (5AR), 17β-hidroxiesteroide deshidrogenasa (17β-HSD) o mediante la unión al receptor androgénico (RA). El efecto biológico de estos nuevos derivados fue evaluado mediante ensayos tanto in vitro.
Clinical evaluation of effectiveness of new product of specialized sports nutrition for correction of psychophysiological state and neuromuscular transmission in highly qualified athletes
Authors: Tokaev E. S. , Pushkina T. A. , Nekrasov E. A. , Krasnova I. S. , Khasanov A. A. 
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of the specialized product Fit Tonus for correcting the psychophysiological state and neuromuscular transmission in highly qualified athletes.Materials and methods: the objects of research were: specialized product of sports nutrition for correcting the psychophysiological state and neuromuscular transmission Fit Tonus; 21 male martial arts athletes aged 14 to 25 years. The researches were carried out in accordance with official and conventional techniques. Body temperature, breathing rate, blood pressure level, heart rate was determined, heart rate variability, ECG, external breathing, O2 intake, total urine test, clinical blood test, biochemical blood indices were evaluated, water sectors of the body, body skinny weight, body fat weight were determined. Full-function cardiopulmonary analysis was performed using the Meta Lyzer 3B inpatient cardio-respiratory loading diagnostic system (Cortex Medical, Germany). Maximum oxygen consumption was determined by a Cosomed metabolograph (Italy). Biochemical parameters (bilirubin, ACT, ALT, urea, uric acid, glucose, cholesterol, HGT, amylase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine) were examined on a Humalyzer biochemical analyzer. Water sectors of the body, the value of skinny body weight and fat body weight were determined on an analyzer for assessing the balance of water sectors of the body (Medass, Russia).Results: in the analysis of biochemical blood values, the blood levels of indicator enzymes and their isoforms were normalized in a short time, despite high training loads. This fact reflects the adaptation of the athlete’s body to high-intensity physical activity when taking the Fit Tone product. The obtained results of the increase in GUS, FFV and Tiffno test indicate an increase in both functional capabilities and functional abilities of the external breathing system, as well as an increase in the efficiency of the respiratory center in athletes who received the tested product. The effectiveness of the test product is confirmed by the results of dynamic and stress samples in a stabilometric study. Results of examination of psychophysical status of single wrestlers showed that during usage of developed product such indicators as performance, vegetative coefficient, dynamism, speed of movement, accuracy of actions, stability of actions are significantly increased. At the same time, the level of fatigue and anxiety is reliably reduced.Conclusions: the results of the researches performed showed that the product developed demonstrated efficacy for most of the parameters under research in the main group compared to the control (placebo).
PENERAPAN METODE JIGSAW UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR IPS PADA SISWA SMPN 3 BUKIT KEMUNING
Authors: Nuryani Siti 
Published: May 2022

Social Sciences (IPS) is a subject that discusses problems/cases of how students live socially, as a nation and as a state. The learning process should ideally prioritize the active involvement of students in interacting with learning resources and materials. Students must always be trained to think critically to solve problems, cooperate and establish active communication between students and teachers as learning facilitators. One alternative learning that is currently becoming a phenomenal that is growing in the world of education is participatory learning. The principle of participatory learning is that students have learning needs, understand learning techniques and learn behavior.

To achieve maximum learning outcomes, the author tries to change the learning method with discussion techniques. In this case the author uses the Jigsaw comparative learning model. The application of this discussion technique is a participatory learning technique, aimed at training students to communicate actively with fellow learners so that the learning environment becomes more lively and passionate.
Apart from being a pillar/element in Contextual Teaching and Learning, the group discussion learning strategy is an alternative learning model that can be used to maximize student involvement through solving cases/problems that are in accordance with the basic competencies that must be mastered by students.
Carcinoma adenoescamoso de colon: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Bravo-Taxa Mercedes , Chuquillanqui Llimpe Jorge , Taxa-Rojas Luis 
Published: May 2022

El cáncer colorectal es el tercer tipo de neoplasia maligna más frecuentemente diagnosticada para ambos sexos. El adenocarcinoma es el tipo histológico que constituye el 86% de todos los casos de carcinoma colónico; sin embargo, existen otros subtipos menos frecuentes, como el carcinoma adenoescamoso, una neoplasia sumamente rara, pero con peor pronóstico y menor sobrevida. Presentamos el caso de una paciente mujer de 68 años con un tiempo de enfermedad de 2 años, caracterizado por anemia, hematoquezia y dolor abdominal. El estudio colonoscópico reveló la presencia de tumoración a nivel de colon ascendente, el cual luego de la resección quirúrgica y estudios anatomopatológicos, resultó corresponder a un carcinoma adenoescamoso primario colónico.
Serrated polyps: innocent or guilty?
Authors: Mansilla-Vivar Rodrigo , Petruzzellis Carlo , Olivari Nicola , Milluzzo Sebastian Manuel , Grassano Alessandra , Cesari Pietro , Zorzi Fausto , Spada Cristiano 
Published: May 2022

Serrated lesions represent a group of lesions with different genetic and biological features causing important clinical repercussions. Three types of serrated lesions are identified: hyperplastic, sessile adenomas (with and without dysplasia) and traditional serrated adenomas. Such lesions are now recognized as precancerous lesions.The carcinogenic process of serrated lesions follows a pathway including: alterations concerning activation of mitogen and protein kinase regulating the extracellular signal of other intracellular kinases (MAPK-ERK), inhibition of the apoptosis and hypermethylation of DNA and instability of microsatellites. Like for adenomatous polyps, the risk factors for serrated lesions are environmental factors, related to lifestyle and diet. The cancerogenic risk is increased by excessive alcohol consumption, obesity and poor intake of folate. When a high number of colorectal polyps with architecture serrated is diagnosed, it could be considered as serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS). According the most recent ESGE guidelines, the diagnostic criteria of the SPS, are: at least 5 polyps resected proximal to the sigmoid colon, 2 of which> 10 mm, or >20 serrated lesions of any size distributed in the entire colon. This condition presents a high risk for personal and/or familiar CRC, for this reason a regular screening colonoscopy should be performed in these patients and in their first-degree relatives.
Factors Influencing the Implementation of Integrated Financial Management Information Systems: Study Focus on Bangladesh
Authors: Noor Md Asad 
Published: May 2022

Background of the study: Integrated Financial Management Information Systems (IFMIS) can help improve public sector management by giving managers real-time financial data to make better decisions. The Bangladeshi Public Service is currently busy with the implementation of an IFMIS. However, implementing IFMIS such a project has proved to be a demanding undertaking and has not been met with resounding success.
Objectives of the research: The research is primarily focused to identify the factors influencing the implementation of IFMIS in Bangladesh. Along aside, this paper assesses the influence of technical capacity of staff on implementation of IFMIS in Bangladesh’s public institutions and staff resistance on the deployment of IFMIS.
Methodology of the research: The paper draws from two theories in investigating the issues of IFMIS adoption for public financial management. The theories include System Theory and Rodger’s Theory. A simple Random sampling technique is used to collect the information from targeted respondents with a structured questionnaire. Around 80 respondents were selectively targeted.
Findings of the research: One of the Major findings of the study is that the governments have a strategic plan that recognizes political, administrative, and capacity limits that were found to be supported by respondents. The study indicates that the government has revised the wage structure to compete with the private sector and to prevent skilled employee turnover. Research
shows that employees have the necessary skills and credentials to implement IFMIS. Furthermore, the study looked at how IFMIS deployment is affected by capacity and abilities. Contributions of the research: The results revealed a significant connection between capacity and skills and IFMIS deployment. However, it is found that the infrastructure is central concern for successful IFMIS implementation. Moreover, the government's interaction with the external consultants is seen to be indecisive. Finally, the study recommends that government should uphold the strategic plan that identifies all the constraints and should have detail plan for maintaining its education system's alignment with information technology.
Riesengras birgt Riesenchancen
Authors: Schaal René 
Published: May 2022

Frankfurt a.M. Eine deutliche Verringerung von Treibhausgasen ist machbar. Zu diesem Schluss kommen Wissenschaftler der Universität Hohenheim. Sie kombinieren die Produktion von Bioethanol aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen mit Technologien zur Kohlenstoffsequestrierung.
Clinical Classification and Interventions for Post–COVID-19 Condition: A Scoping Review
Authors: Chao Yi-Sheng , Vu Thyna , McGill Sarah C. , Gates Michelle 
Published: May 2022

Most of the identified published research focused on characteristics or outcomes of having post–COVID-19 condition (e.g., symptoms, quality of life) or predictors for developing post–COVID-19 condition. There were fewer studies related to preventing post–COVID-19 condition or treatments. Ongoing studies, according to published protocols, will investigate interventions to prevent or treat this condition.
Notable evidence gaps included post–COVID-19 condition as it relates to people living in rural or remote areas, children and adolescents, and vaccination status. There were few economic studies, qualitative studies, and studies assessing health systems issues.
Most identified guidelines regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and management of post–COVID-19 condition, including all Canadian guidelines, provided limited guidance specific to patients meeting the WHO definition. These guidelines will need continual updates as new evidence emerges.