bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of 12‐week inspiratory muscle training with manual therapy in patients with COPD: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Buran Cirak Yasemin , Yilmaz Yelvar Gul Deniz , Durustkan Elbasi Nurgül 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe benefits of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in patients with COPD were reported. However, its effects are limited in severe COPD patients. Further researches are required in new and complementary modalities demonstrating IMT efficacy in severe COPD patients. This study aims to investigate effects of manual therapy (MT) additional over IMT on functional capacity, respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, dyspnea, fatigue, and quality of life in severe COPD patients. Sixty patients with COPD in GOLD stage III–IV were included in this prospective single‐blind randomized trial. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either MT additional over IMT at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) (n = 30) or only IMT (n = 30) for 12 weeks. MT group received MT during 12 weeks for 30 min additional to IMT. Pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, functional capacity, dyspnea, fatigue, and quality of life were evaluated by spirometry, mouth pressure device, six‐minute walk test, Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale, fatigue severity scale, and St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), respectively. MT group had significantly greater improvement in FEV1%, FVC%, PEF%, respiratory muscle strength, function, dyspnea, fatigue, and quality of life compared with IMT group (p < 0.05). 6MWT (p < 0.001, effect size Cohen's d: 0.915), MIP (p < 0.001, effect size Cohen's d: 1.235), and mMRC score (p < 0.001, effect size Cohen's d: 0.982) were significantly improved in IMT with MT group. This study demonstrated that subjects in IMT with MT group had improved outcomes in functional capacity, respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, dyspnea, fatigue perception, and quality of life compared with alone IMT group.
A novel GAB2::BRAF fusion in cutaneous non‐Langerhans‐cell histiocytosis with systemic involvement
Authors: Wu Bicong , Konnick Eric Q. , Kimble Erik L. , Hendrie Paul C. , Shinohara Michi M. , Moshiri Ata S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSeveral mutations and gene fusions involved in the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway have been reported in histiocytic neoplasms including Langerhans cell histiocytosis and non‐Langerhans‐cell histiocytosis (NLCH). We identified a GAB2::BRAF fusion in a cutaneous lesion from a 22‐year‐old woman who presented with central diabetes insipidus and red/brown papules on her face, oral mucosa, axilla, and groin. Skin biopsy showed a CD68+, S100−, and CD1a− histiocytic proliferation consistent with NLCH, best clinically classified as xanthoma disseminatum. Next‐generation sequencing identified a GAB2::BRAF fusion involving exon 2 of GAB and exon 10 of BRAF. This case implicates a novel fusion in the MAPK signaling pathway, not previously reported in histiocytic neoplasms, as a possible driver of NLCH. Our findings underscore the utility of performing molecular studies on skin biopsy specimens with NLCH to help identify potential targets for therapy.
Can thermoregulatory traits and evolutionary history predict climatic niches of thermal specialists?
Authors: Bujan Jelena , Ollier Sébastien , Villalta Irene , Devers Séverine , Cerdá Xim , Amor Fernando , Dahbi Abdallah , Bertelsmeier Cleo , Boulay Raphaël 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimPredictions of future species distributions rest on the assumption that climatic conditions in the current range reflect fundamental niche requirements. So far, it remains unclear to what extent this is true. We tested if three important factors determining fundamental niche—ecophysiology, morphology and evolutionary history—can predict the realized niche, using thermal specialist ants. They are suitable model organisms because their body temperature, metabolism and fitness are closely tied to the habitat temperatures.LocationIberian Peninsula and Maghreb.Time period2013–2015.Major taxa studiedAnts (Hymenoptera:Formicidae).MethodsWe measured heat tolerance, chill coma recovery, body size and phylogenetic relationships in 19 desert specialist ants in the genus Cataglyphis to test if these important determinants of fundamental niches are good predictors of species realized niches. We modelled species climatic niches using 19 bioclimatic variables from WorldClim for recorded occurrence of each species.ResultsNone of the determinants of the species' fundamental niche were linked to their realized climatic niche, modelled using species distribution models. However, both heat tolerance and chill coma recovery were highly correlated with body size and all three thermoregulatory traits were phylogenetically constrained, suggesting they reflect fundamental requirements of each species.Main conclusionsOur results challenge the basic assumption of climatic niche modelling, that the realized niche can be used as a proxy for determining fundamental niche requirements. These findings are particularly concerning for studies that use the species' current realized niche to predict their responses to climate change.
Phorid parasitoids of the leaf‐cutting ant Atta laevigata in the Atlantic Forest: occurrence, parasitism rate, and host size
Authors: Pimentel Fabíola Aparecida , Bailez Omar , Pereira Renata Cunha , Viana‐Bailez Ana Maria 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe leaf‐cutting ant Atta laevigata (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae, Attini) causes significant damage to agricultural crops and forest plantations. Conventional control strategies include the use of formicide bait, whose active ingredients pose environmental risks. Several flies of the family Phoridae (Diptera) have shown potential as biocontrol agents of leaf‐cutting ants. This study aimed to determine which phorid species parasitise A. laevigata in the Atlantic Forest, their parasitism rates, and host sizes. Phorids and ants were collected during 12 months from foraging trails and entrance holes of A. laevigata nests located in a natural forest of southeastern Brazil. Phorids collected in the field and those emerged from parasitised ants were identified at the species level. Parasitism rate was determined for each phorid species, the head width of parasitised ants was measured, and confidence intervals were calculated. Eibesfeldtphora erthali (Brown), Eibesfeldtphora bragancai (Brown), Eibesfeldtphora declinata (Bogmeier), Apocephalus vicosae Disney, Apocephalus attophilus Borgmeier, and Myrmosicarius grandicornis Borgmeier parasitised A. laevigata at an overall rate of (mean ± SE =) 5.9 ± 0.76%. Apocephalus spp. had the highest parasitism rate (2.8 ± 0.60%), followed by Eibesfeldtphora spp. (2.2 ± 0.77%), A. vicosae (0.23 ± 0.07%), and M. grandicornis (0.16 ± 0.12%). Large workers were mainly parasitised by E. erthali and A. attophilus, intermediate workers by A. vicosae and E. declinata, and small workers by E. bragancai and M. grandicornis. The phorid A. attophilus had the highest parasitism rate, the widest range of host sizes, and an even distribution of parasitism throughout the year. The high parasitism rates registered for some nests samples (>40%) highlights that ant parasitoid flies are important natural enemies in natural environments and that they possess a great potential to be used in biocontrol programmes.
Families post‐release: Barriers and pathways to family therapy
Authors: Negash Sesen , Chung Klancy , Oh Shinyung 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFamily therapy has helped repair relational ruptures and restore stability within families for decades. However, service can be inaccessible and underutilized among many minoritized and stigmatized groups, including families post‐release. Harmful sociocultural and relational experiences pose considerable risks to families before, during, and after incarceration. While not exhaustive, this article highlights potential attitudinal, relational, and logistical obstacles to family therapy engendered by therapists, clients, or both. Feasible and accessible clinically oriented conceptual and practical pathways of support to combat such obstacles are outlined to help therapists attract and retain families post‐release.
Effects of spatial management of a penaeid fishery on other target fish species in eastern Australia
Authors: Taylor Matthew D. , Hall Karina C. , Johnson Daniel D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTemporal and spatial closures are often used to manage harvest by trawl fisheries. Trawl closures implemented to benefit a particular species may also benefit other species, but these indirect effects are rarely quantified. Using the New South Wales (Australia) Ocean Trawl Fishery as a case study, the potential unintended effects of trawl closures designed to protect juvenile eastern king prawn were explored for other quota managed Sillaginidae within the fishery (stout whiting Sillago robusta and eastern school whiting Sillago flindersii). Both species of whiting were more abundant within closed areas than adjacent areas, and spawning‐sized stout whiting were proportionally more abundant within closed areas. Thus, closures implemented to protect prawns also provided protection for exploited whiting species, including spawning‐sized individuals, enhancing their overall impact on the fishery. Spatial management of trawl fisheries elsewhere in the world may also similarly benefit other exploited species.
Investigating applied drought in Miscanthus sinensis; sensitivity, response mechanisms, and subsequent recovery
Authors: Al Hassan Mohamad , van der Cruijsen Kasper , Dees Dianka , Dolstra Oene , Trindade Luisa M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMiscanthus is renowned for its excellent water‐use efficiency and good adaptability to a wide range of environmental conditions, making it suitable for cultivation on marginal soils. Drought is a major cause of this marginality, and its occurrence is becoming more frequent and prolonged due to climatic change. Developing drought tolerant genotypes of miscanthus would ensure the maintenance of economically viable yields on lands prone to periodic water‐deficiency. To better understand the underlying response and tolerance mechanisms, pre‐screen for better survivability at plot setup on marginal lands, and identifying early biomarkers of stress, we explored the genetic diversity present in Miscanthus sinensis under applied drought. Young plants of 23 genotypes underwent 3 weeks of water‐deprivation in glasshouse‐controlled conditions, followed by an equal period of recovery. Leaves harvested at the end of both experimental phases were the focus of extensive biochemical analyses. Coupled with monitoring several growth and yield parameters, this was instrumental in evaluating stress impact and responses. The most productive genotypes suffered the most in terms of yield reduction and chlorophyll degradation when stress was applied. In parallel, proline and simple soluble sugars accumulated to readjust the osmotic potential in the cytosol and vacuoles, respectively. The necessary carbon skeletons for this buildup were partially acquired from resources diverted away from cell wall synthesis and maintenance, whose content dropped under stress in parallel to increasing drought‐sensitivity. Correspondingly, expressional and biochemical analyses revealed a dynamic turnover of starch and soluble sugars in stressed leaves. Meanwhile, better avoidance of stress enabled a more efficient post‐drought recovery, which was characterized by restoring pre‐stress hydraulic status and unplugging stress response mechanisms.
Introduction history mediates naturalization and invasiveness of cultivated plants
Authors: Kinlock Nicole L. , Dehnen‐Schmutz Katharina , Essl Franz , Pergl Jan , Pyšek Petr , Kreft Holger , Weigelt Patrick , Yang Qiang , van Kleunen Mark 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimSpecies characteristics and cultivation are both associated with alien plant naturalization and invasiveness. Particular species characteristics are favoured for cultivation, obscuring the relationship between traits and naturalization success. We sought to better understand the drivers of naturalization and invasiveness by analysing relationships with species characteristics and cultivation and by disentangling the direct effects of characteristics from the indirect effects mediated by cultivation.LocationGreat Britain.Time periodc. 1000–present.Major taxa studiedSeed plants.MethodsWe used a comprehensive dataset of 17,396 alien plant taxa introduced to Great Britain before 1850, a country with one of the most well‐documented histories of plant introductions. We integrated this with cultivation data from historical and modern records from botanic gardens and commercial nurseries and with trait data. Accounting for time since introduction, we quantified the influences of cultivation and species characteristics on present‐day naturalization and invasiveness in Great Britain.ResultsLarger native range size, earlier flowering, long‐lived herbaceous growth form, and outdoor cultivated habitat were all associated with naturalization. However, these relationships between characteristics and naturalization largely reflected cultivation patterns. The indirect, mediating influence of cultivation on naturalization varied among species characteristics, and was relatively strong for growth form and weak for native range size. Cultivation variables, particularly availability in present‐day nurseries, best explained invasiveness, while species characteristics had weaker associations.Main conclusionsHuman influence on species introduction and cultivation is associated with increased probability of naturalization and invasiveness, and it has measurable indirect effects by biasing the distribution of species characteristics in the pool of introduced species. Accounting for human cultivation preferences is necessary to make ecological interpretations of the effects of species characteristics on invasion.
Of rivers, law and justice in the Anthropocene
Authors: Page John , Pelizzon Alessandro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBeginning in the 2010s, rivers have captured the legal imagination of judges, legislators and activists alike, as part of a rapidly growing phenomenon described by UN Special Rapporteur on human rights and the environment, David Boyd as ‘a legal revolution that could save the world’. Investigating river cases in jurisdictions as diverse as Aotearoa New Zealand, Colombia, India, the United States and Australia, and following Nicole Graham's suggestion that the non‐human world is constantly reconstituted within an all‐encompassing legal cosmology for which any observable ‘thing’, any ‘object’, any landscape, is always, inherently, and inevitably a ‘lawscape’, this paper explores the legal and the ontological nature of ‘the river’. By casting traditional riparian doctrines against novel rights of Nature judgments, the paper highlights the interconnected and interdependent legal relationship between artificially construed human and non‐human worlds, and observes a series of perceptible generational shifts in the legal and ontological treatment of rivers, from an abstract near‐neglect, to a rights‐based discourse, and ending (for the moment at least) in a deeply relational re‐conceptualisation.
Tooth loss severity and core and non‐core food consumption among older Brazilian adults
Authors: Cascaes Andreia Morales , Constante Helena Mendes , Vaz Juliana dos Santos , Ferreira de Mello Ana Lúcia Schaefer , Bomfim Rafael Aiello 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between tooth loss severity and core and non‐core food consumption in the older Brazilian population.MethodsWe analysed data from 20 756 people aged 60 years or older who participated in the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey. The average consumption days a week of core (8‐item) and non‐core (4‐item) foods were the outcomes, measured using a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Tooth loss severity was the main exposure, using a four‐category ordinal variable: mild (1‐12 teeth missing), moderate (13‐22), severe (23‐31) and edentulous (all 32). Sociodemographic, tobacco smoking, use of dental prosthesis, difficulty in chewing and systemic conditions were among the covariates. Linear regression models estimated the association between tooth loss and food consumption.ResultsAlmost two‐thirds of participants had moderate or worse levels of tooth loss. Older adults with more severe tooth loss reported an overall lower consumption of core and higher non‐core foods than those with mild tooth loss. Worse tooth loss severity was associated with lower consumption of vegetables and/or legumes and fruits, and higher consumption of beans, artificial fruit juices and confectionery.ConclusionsOlder Brazilian adults with more severe tooth loss are consuming lower core and higher non‐core foods. Our findings reinforce the importance of the common risk factor approach to tackle the adverse effects of tooth loss on diet.
Endodontic pulp revitalization in traumatized necrotic immature permanent incisors: Early failures and long‐term outcomes—A longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Wikström Alina , Brundin Malin , Romani Vestman Nelly , Rakhimova Olena , Tsilingaridis Georgios 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimThis prospective cohort study evaluates clinical and radiographical outcomes of endodontic pulp revitalization (PR) of traumatized necrotic incisors.MethodologyPulp revitalization was performed in 75 traumatized necrotic immature incisors from 71 patients. The radiographic outcome measures were continued root formation (width and length), root resorption, apex closure, periapical index, and root development stage. The clinical outcome measures were percussion pain, palpation pain, pathological tooth mobility, swelling, sinus tract, ankylosis, crown discolouration, response to pulp sensitivity test, and subjective pain. Treatment outcomes were categorized as a success based on the absence of clinical symptoms and when radiographic evidence was present for apical healing and continued root development. The performed statistical tests were repeated measures anova, pairwise comparisons of interactions (t‐test), McNemar's test, and linear regression model.ResultsIn 45 of 75 teeth (60%), PR was successful with the resolution of clinical and radiographic signs and continued root development. PR failed due to the absence of bleeding (n = 19) and persistent infection (n = 11). PR showed statistically significant increases in root length (11%), and dentinal wall thickness (30%), root maturation (pre‐operative 3.38 [CI 1.88; 4.88]; post‐operative 4.04, [CI 2.56; 5.52]) apical closure (71.4%), healing of pre‐operative apical periodontitis (100%), and healing of pre‐operative inflammatory root resorptions (100%). Three predictive variables for continued root maturation were identified – root development stage at entry (p = .0001, β 0.649), [CI 0.431; 0.867], trauma to the soft tissues (p = .026, β −0.012), [CI −0.0225; −0.015], and pre‐operative dentinal wall thickness (p = .009, β −0.001); [CI −0.001; 0.0001].ConclusionsOur findings indicate that PR provides satisfactory clinical and radiographical outcomes in traumatized necrotic incisors. The failed cases were related to lack of bleeding and persistent infections, indicating that new techniques are needed to improve the predictability of PR.
Understanding digital consumer: A review, synthesis, and future research agenda
Authors: Sağkaya Güngör Ayşegül , Ozansoy Çadırcı Tuğçe 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the last 20 years, the proliferation of digital technologies has significantly impacted both businesses' operations and how consumers get information, engage, and buy. Through the analysis of 74 marketing journals, this article identifies the current situation and possible gaps within digital consumer behavior research. By combining bibliometric analysis and machine learning algorithms, the authors have identified key topics in 5‐year intervals and their evolution over time. The study results show that digitalization has overreached its original subsistence and has become an essential aspect of mainstream consumption patterns. The study reveals three domains within digital consumer behavior: (1) the use of classical consumption theories and their application to digital context; (2) transactional subjects within consumers’ digitalization; and (3) digital marketing's impact on the consumption of specific product groups. Regression‐based time series applied to 42 topics discovered by text mining to define possible future research directions. Within 42 topics, significant growth is expected in mobile channel use, sustainable consumption, user‐generated content, and social media engagement. In general, the results exhibit a shift from a transactional point of view to a more theoretical and strategic perspective. Possible research gaps are expected to emerge from: (1) the impact of interactive and immersive technologies on consumption practices; (2) the possible outcomes of the pandemic on digital consumption patterns; (3) enhancing brand engagement through consumer‐to‐consumer interactions; (4) enhancing the understanding on issues like consumer collaboration, consumer trust, and service satisfaction.
1,25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D3 suppresses CD4+ T‐cell effector functionality by inhibition of glycolysis
Authors: Bishop Emma L. , Gudgeon Nancy H. , Mackie Gillian M. , Chauss Daniel , Roberts Jennie , Tennant Daniel A. , Maslowski Kendle M. , Afzali Behdad , Hewison Martin , Dimeloe Sarah 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn CD4+ T helper cells, the active form of vitamin D3, 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D) suppresses production of inflammatory cytokines, including interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ), but the mechanisms for this are not yet fully defined. In innate immune cells, response to 1,25D has been linked to metabolic reprogramming. It is unclear whether 1,25D has similar effects on CD4+ T cells, although it is known that antigen stimulation of these cells promotes an anabolic metabolic phenotype, characterized by high rates of aerobic glycolysis to support clonal expansion and effector cytokine expression. Here, we performed in‐depth analysis of metabolic capacity and pathway usage, employing extracellular flux and stable isotope‐based tracing approaches, in CD4+ T cells treated with 1,25D. We report that 1,25D significantly decreases rates of aerobic glycolysis in activated CD4+ T cells, whilst exerting a lesser effect on mitochondrial glucose oxidation. This is associated with transcriptional repression of Myc, but not repression of mTOR activity under these conditions. Consistent with the modest effect of 1,25D on mitochondrial activity, it also did not impact CD4+ T‐cell mitochondrial mass or membrane potential. Finally, we demonstrate that inhibition of aerobic glycolysis by 1,25D substantially contributes to its immune‐regulatory capacity in CD4+ T cells, since the suppression of IFN‐γ expression was significantly blunted in the absence of aerobic glycolysis. 1,25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D) suppresses the production of inflammatory cytokines such as interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) by CD4+ T cells, but the underpinning mechanisms are not yet fully defined. Here, we identify that 1,25D inhibits aerobic glycolysis in activated CD4+ T cells, associated with decreased c‐Myc expression. This mechanism appears to substantially contribute to the suppression of IFN‐γ by 1,25D, since this is significantly blunted in the absence of aerobic glycolysis.