bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of bio-inspired surface texture on the resistance of 3D-printed polycarbonate bonded joints
Authors: Naat N , Boutar Y , Naïmi S , Mezlini S , da Silva LFM 
Published: November 2022

Surface preparation before adhesive bonding is crucial to improve the resistance and durability of the joint by altering the surface properties of the adherend. The purpose of surface treatment is to clean the surface from contaminants, activate the adherend surface and create an optimal surface structure to promote adhesion mechanisms. In that context, this work aims to investigate the influence of substrate surface texturing on the resistance of adhesive joints. Two bio-inspired surface textures were investigated, Fish scale (FS) and Tree frog (TF). Polycarbonate (PC) specimens with different surface patterns were manufactured using the fused deposition modelling process. Surface morphology, such as pattern dimension (shape and depth), surface roughness (Ra), and wettability, were used to characterise the substrates. The influence of these texture patterns on the shear strength of adhesively bonded joints was evaluated through the standardised block shear test method ASTM D4501-01. Moreover, the shear strength of the structured joints was compared to the results from bonding with polished surfaces (surfaces abraded with 80, 600 and 1000 grit paper), and with as-printed surfaces. The results revealed that the FS and TF surface textures enhanced the shear strength by 242% and 283% compared to the adhesive joints with polished surfaces. It was also shown that the variation in depth of the bio-inspired surface texture has no significant impact on the joint strength. Failure analysis demonstrated that the fracture mode of bonded joints with polished surfaces was the adhesive failure while mixed failure (cohesive and adhesive) characterises the as-printed, TF and FS surfaces. Worthy results are obtained rising the effectiveness of surface texture for the PC's bonded joints. Graphical Abstract [Formula: see text] This is a graphical representation of the abstract.
Introducing the ‘3 Fs model of complexity’ for people with dementia accessing a NHS mental health inpatient dementia assessment ward: An interpretive description study
Authors: Jones Lesley , Cullum Nicky , Watson Ruth , Keady John 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundIn the United Kingdom, the use of the terms ‘complex’ and ‘complexity’ alongside dementia is reflected in a number of policy and practice documents. However, there is a lack of evidence that explores how complexity is perceived, constructed and experienced by people with dementia, family carers and practitioners working in the NHS dementia inpatient assessment wards [dementia assessment wards].ObjectiveTo explore the meaning and concept of complexity in dementia from within the setting of a dementia assessment ward and develop a practice model.MethodsThe study was conducted over three phases: 1) an online electronic survey of UK national dementia leaders; 2) individual interviews and a focus group with dementia practitioners in two dementia assessment wards; 3) case studies of four patients with dementia resident on a dementia assessment ward which included their identified family carer/consultee, the named clinician on the ward involved in that person’s care and a care records review.ResultsThe findings highlighted that complexity is constructed through a number of interconnected and interrelated domains that vary in acuity. These findings have been developed into the ‘3 Fs Model of Complexity’ and the 3‘Fs’ stand for Fixed, Flexible and Fluctuating. The Fixed domain consists of six components which are always present in complexity. The Flexible domain consists of 14 components and a person with dementia may experience any number of Flexible domain components at any one time. The Fluctuating domain highlights that all components have the ability to vary in their acuity.ConclusionThe ‘3 Fs Model of Complexity’ may facilitate a more holistic view of a person with dementia than when ‘symptoms’ are viewed in isolation. Going forward, and subject to further refinement and testing, the ‘3 Fs Model of Complexity’ could help guide the selection of tailored, personalised interventions for people with dementia, including formulation approaches.
Course-Based Undergraduate Research in Human Resource Development: A Case Study
Authors: Hwang Jihee , Franklin Corbin 
Published: November 2022

The Problem In the United States, undergraduate programs in Human Resource Development (HRD) have been growing and are visible in developing undergraduate students’ career readiness and skill set acquisition for lifelong learning. However, there is a limited understanding of high-impact learning experiences as a pedagogical approach in HRD. The Solution Course-based undergraduate research experience in a capstone class at a large research university is described. Five core competency areas for undergraduate research are defined and example learning activities aligned with the competencies are addressed. Student reflection summaries were analyzed to report students’ perceived learning gains. Information on this study can be used to further design impactful capstone research experiences for undergraduate HRD students through high-impact learning principles and practices. The Stakeholders The primary audience for this study is HRD faculty, instructors, and graduate students whose career goal is teaching and researching in HRD or closely related fields in the social sciences.
Protective effect of methotrexate on lung function and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis–related interstitial lung disease: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kim Kangjoon , Woo Ala , Park Youngmok , Yong Seung Hyun , Lee Su Hwan , Lee Sang Hoon , Leem Ah Young , Kim Song Yee , Chung Kyung Soo , Kim Eun Young , Jung Ji Ye , Kang Young Ae , Kim Young Sam , Park Moo Suk 
Published: November 2022

Background: Studies on the risk and protective factors for lung function decline and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis–related interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) are limited. Objectives: We aimed to investigate clinical factors and medication uses associated with lung function decline and mortality in RA-ILD. Methods: This retrospective cohort study examined the medical records of patients with RA-ILD who visited Severance Hospital between January 2006 and December 2019. We selected 170 patients with RA-ILD who had undergone at least one spirometry test and chest computed tomography scan. An absolute decline of ⩾10% in the functional vital capacity (FVC) was defined as significant decline in pulmonary function. Data for analysis were retrieved from electronic medical records. Results: Ninety patients (52.9%) were female; the mean age was 64.0 ± 10.2 years. Multivariate logistic regression showed that a high erythrocyte sediment rate level at baseline [odds ratio (OR) = 3.056; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.183–7.890] and methotrexate (MTX) use (OR = 0.269; 95% CI = 0.094–0.769) were risk and protective factors for lung function decline, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that age ⩾65 years (OR = 2.723; 95% CI = 1.142–6.491), radiologic pattern of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) or probable UIP (OR = 3.948; 95% CI = 1.522–10.242), baseline functional vital capacity (FVC) % predicted (OR = 0.971; 95% CI = 0.948–0.994), and MTX use (OR = 0.284; 95% CI = 0.091–0.880) were predictive of mortality. Conclusion: We identified risk and protective factors for lung function decline and mortality in patients with RA-ILD. MTX use was associated with favorable outcome in terms of both lung function and mortality in our cohort.
Interventional pulmonology use of cell-free DNA assay for metastatic non–small cell lung cancer: the UC Davis experience
Authors: Phan Chinh , Jespersen Forrest , Weipert Caroline , Li Tianhong , Yoneda Ken Y. 
Published: November 2022

Background: Interventional pulmonologists (IPs) are often the first specialist to see patients with suspected metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC). Consequently, they are potentially ideally positioned to expedite the identification of actionable molecular mutations by ordering blood-based cell-free DNA (cfDNA), prior to or upon tissue diagnosis of mNSCLC. Methods: Retrospective review of cfDNA ordered by IP as part of a routine clinical practice. Patients were categorized into two groups based on when cfDNA was ordered by IP: (1) IP suspected mNSCLC prior to histologic confirmation or (2) IP diagnosed mNSCLC based on histologic confirmation of NSCLC. Results: Twenty patients were identified. Twelve of 13 in group 1 were confirmed to have mNSCLC by oncology and 1 had stage IIIA. Seven of 7 in group 2 were confirmed to have mNSCLC by oncology. Fifteen of 20 also had next-generation tissue molecular testing. Thirteen of 20 (65%) had targetable alterations. Seven of 13 (54%) were identified on cfDNA and tissue, 5/13 (38%) on cfDNA only, and 1/13 (8%) on tissue alone. Tissue results were available a medium of 24 days after, and cfDNA results a medium of 4 days prior to, the patients’ first oncology visit. Conclusions: IP appears to be able identify patients who have mNSCLC and for whom testing for molecular mutations is appropriate even prior to tissue confirmation of NSCLC. A strategy whereby IP employ blood-based cfDNA testing in suspected and tissue confirmed mNSCLC could potentially provide medical oncologists with more timely information on actionable mutations than tissue-based testing first, potentially expediting patient treatment.
Utility of Preoperative Laboratory Testing for Ambulatory Endoscopic Sinonasal Surgery in Low-Risk Patients
Authors: Patel Rushi , Shah Sejal , Vedula Sudeepti , Omiunu Ariel , Patel Prayag , Eloy Jean Anderson , Baredes Soly , Fang Christina H. 
Published: November 2022

Background Preoperative laboratory tests (PLTs) are often obtained prior to outpatient surgical procedures. The objective of this study is to examine the current practice of routine PLT in low-risk patients undergoing ambulatory endoscopic sinonasal surgery (ESS) and to assess whether such testing impacts surgical outcomes. Methods Patients undergoing ambulatory ESS were identified from the 2011 to 2018 NSQIP database. Low-risk patients were defined as American Society of Anesthesiologist class 1 or 2. PLTs were grouped into hematologic, chemistry, coagulation, and liver function tests. Chi-square analyses and independent samples t-tests were conducted to compare categoric and continuous variables, respectively. Results A total of 664 cases met the inclusion criteria, of which 419 (62.1%) underwent at least one PLT. Of these, the most frequent PLT obtained was a complete blood cell count (92.4%). Major complications occurred in 1.5% of patients. There were no statistically significant differences in overall postoperative complications between those with and without PLT ( P = .264). Specifically, no significant difference was seen in the incidence of postoperative bleeding ( P = .184), urinary tract infection ( P = .444), pulmonary embolism ( P = .444), or wound infection ( P = .701). On multivariable analyses, PLT status was not significantly associated with any complication ( P = .097) or unplanned readmission ( P = .898). Conclusions Our analysis did not reveal an association between the use of PLT and postoperative morbidity or unplanned readmission in low-risk patients undergoing outpatient ESS.
Recall Bias Affects Pain Assessment in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Previtali Davide , Boffa Angelo , Di Martino Alessandro , Deabate Luca , Delcogliano Marco , Filardo Giuseppe 
Published: November 2022

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the recall bias of symptoms evaluation in knee osteoarthritis (OA). Design In this multicentric pilot study, 50 patients with knee OA used a mobile App (Ecological Momentary Assessment [EMA]) to collect pain and function on two 0 to 10 numerical rating scales (NRS) 2 times a day for 2 months. At the 1-month and at the 2-month follow-up visits, patients retrospectively evaluated the mean level of pain/function of the last month. Recall bias was computed as the difference between the mean level of pain/function reported using the App and the level reported with the retrospective assessment. The correlation between the recall bias and patients’ characteristics, as well as pain/function trajectories, was analyzed. Results A statistically significant recall bias was documented with higher pain reported at 1-month with the retrospective assessment ( P < 0.001). These results were confirmed also at the 2-month follow-up ( P = 0.002). For function, no significant recall bias was documented. During the first and second months, 47 and 31 patients showed pain peaks, respectively. The number of pain peaks during the first month was correlated with the magnitude of the recall bias ( P = 0.02). Conclusions The recall bias influences the retrospective self-assessment of pain at the follow-up visits and the presence of pain peaks, a common event in the patients with OA, increases the magnitude of recall bias. The EMA performed with a mobile App is a useful tool to limit the influence of recall bias in the clinical and research setting evaluation of knee OA.
Promoting follow-up attendance among mental health patients at a primary healthcare center in Lebanon: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kontar Jana , Osseiran Ali , Makki Fadi , El Chammay Rabih 
Published: November 2022

Objective: In 2015, the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health launched the 2015–2020 National Mental Health Strategy in an effort to integrate Mental Health into Primary Healthcare centers. One of the key objectives of the strategy was to increase the detection, assessment, and management of mental disorders including depression. In addition to diagnosis and patient education, a successful management of depression requires that patients systematically follow-up with their healthcare provider to ensure that they are on the optimal path to recovery. This study evaluates the impact of a visual self-assessment card to increase patients’ attendance to a follow-up appointment with their healthcare provider. Methods: A clustered randomized controlled trial was implemented at a Primary Healthcare center located in South Lebanon. The final sample consisted of 405 patients (209 treated and 196 untreated patients) who were diagnosed with mild-to-severe depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9 > 4). Patients were asked to attend a follow-up appointment with their health provider 2–3 weeks following the initial assessment. Treated patients were provided with a visual self-assessment card that tracked their daily mood changes and reminded them of their follow-up appointment. Results: Overall, the results provide evidence supporting the use of the self-assessment card to remind mental health patients of their follow-up appointments. Patients who received the card were 9 percentage points more likely to attend their follow-up appointment ( p = 0.05), with new patients (vs existing patients) exhibiting a 15 percentage points increase ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: Efforts focused on increasing compliance with follow-up appointments should be at the cornerstone of mental health integration approaches. Not only do our findings suggest a great potential for cost-effective interventions but also highlight new avenues to optimize on the use of reminders to promote compliance.
What Role Expectations Do Primary Care Physicians in Japan Hold for Physical Therapists Regarding Primary Care?
Authors: Goto Ryohei , Haruta Junji , Ozone Sachiko 
Published: November 2022

Introduction/Objectives: This study aimed to clarify what primary care physicians (PCPs) in Japan understand of the role of physical therapists (PTs) through the experience of working with PTs in hospitals, and what roles PCPs expect for PTs in future primary care. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted individually with 9 purposively sampled PCPs with sufficient experience of collaboration with PTs. Interview data were analyzed by theme analysis focusing on “What does the PCP understand about the role of PTs through the experience of working with PTs in hospitals?” and “What roles and purposes does the PCP wish for PTs in primary care settings?” Results: PCPs viewed PTs as providers of rehabilitation in the traditional medical model, and understood their role as an occupation having a mono-causal viewpoint, namely a specific and well-defined outcome for individual patients, and intervening with patients within a short clinical course with the aim of improvement or maintenance of the patient’s condition. With regard to future primary care, PCPs expected that PTs would interpret various factors related to patient lives from the viewpoint of causal interactions; become important stakeholders in the community; and respond flexibly to patients and the environmental factors around them with continued support to the individual. Conclusions: PCPs understood the role of PTs in hospitals as “Rehabilitation in the traditional medical model,” and expected the future role of PTs in primary care as “Rehabilitation in integrated community care.”
Achieving Quality Integrated Care for Adolescent Depression: A Scoping Review
Authors: Sarakbi Diana , Groll Dianne , Tranmer Joan , Sears Kim 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: While primary care is often the first point of contact for adolescents with depression, more than half of depressed adolescents are either untreated or undertreated. A scoping review had been completed to summarize approaches for achieving quality integrated care in primary care focused on adolescent depression. Methods: The scoping review followed the methodological framework for scoping studies from Arksey and O’Malley. Articles were grouped into themes and mapped to 6 quality domains for integrated care from the practice integration profile survey and 3 levels of stakeholders based on WHO’s definition for health systems (patient/family, primary care team, and national/sub-national health system). Results: A total of 868 records were screened resulting in 22 articles at the patient/family-level (5/22), the primary care team-level (18/22), and the national/sub-national health system-level (16/22). The results highlighted multilevel approaches to support the delivery of quality integrated care for adolescent depression in primary care: (1) population-focused using patient registries, routine screening based on standardized algorithms, and patient-centered strategies, (2) team-driven where primary care clinicians collaborate with mental health clinicians as part of a primary care team, (3) evidence-based delivery of mental health services across the integrated care pathway from screening to follow-up visits, and (4) measurement-guided by leveraging the electronic health record infrastructure to learn from patient outcomes. Conclusion: More research is needed on how to provide quality integrated care for adolescent depression, specifically on patient engagement and retention, grounded in the frontline experiences of patients, families, and clinicians and supported by national and/or sub-national guidelines. A learning system could help integrate mental health services in primary care in a way that is consistent across the national and/or sub-national health system.
Oral Hydration Before and After Hip Replacement: The Notion Behind Every Action
Authors: Briguglio Matteo , Wainwright Thomas W , Crespi Tiziano , Southern Kate , Mangiavini Laura , Craig James , Middleton Rob G 
Published: November 2022

Introduction Even though nearly 20 patients undergo hip replacement every hour just in Italy and the United Kingdom, it is unclear what are the most appropriate oral hydration practices that patients should follow before and after surgery. Improper administration can cause postoperative fluid disturbances or exacerbate pre-existing conditions, which are not an uncommon find in older subjects. Significance Considering that the number of hip operations is expected to increase in the next years as well as the age of patients, it is important to recall the notions behind water balance, especially in light of modern surgical and anesthetic practices. This technical perspective discusses the perioperative changes in the hydration status that occur during hip replacement and provides the concepts that help clinicians to better manage how much water the patient can drink. Results The points of view of the surgeon, the anesthetist, and the nurse are offered together with the description of mineral waters intended for human consumption. Before surgery, water should be always preferred over caffeinated, sugar-sweetened, and alcoholic beverages. The drinking requirements on the day of surgery should consider the water output from urine, feces, respiration, exudation, and bleeding along with the water input from metabolic production and intravenous administration of fluids and medications. Healthy eating habits provide water and should be promoted before and after surgery. Conclusions The judgment on which is the most appropriate approach to oral hydration practices must be the responsibility of the multidisciplinary perioperative team. Nevertheless, it is reasonable to argue that, in the presence of a patient with no relevant illness and who follows a healthy diet, it is more appropriate to stay closer to dehydration than liberalizing water intake both prior to surgery and in the early postoperative hours until the resumption of normal physiological functions.
Factors Associated with Post-Natal Care Utilization among the Women of Reproductive age Group: Evidence from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017–18
Authors: Sheba Israt Tahira , Sarker Abdur Razzaque , Tasnim Afrida 
Published: November 2022

Introduction Postnatal period is a crucial stage of illness for mothers and their newborn children. Lack of post-natal care (PNC) services during this period is lifethreatening for both the mother and the babies. This study aims at examining the associated factors of PNC utilization among the mothers to explore the opportunities to accelerate it. Methods This study utilized the latest data from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2017–18, a nationally representative survey. A weighted sample of 5043 Bangladeshi women who gave birth three years prior to the survey was studied. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the underlying factors associated with the utilization of PNC. Results Around 63% women sought PNC from any kind of provider within 24 h to 42 days of the delivery among whom more than 48% received it from medically trained providers. Together with several sociodemographic factors- administrative division, place of residence, educational level, employment status, wealth status, some maternal factors such as- antenatal care (ANC) visits, place and mode of delivery- played a significant role in utilizing PNC services from trained providers. Conclusion To further improve utilization of post-natal care, national and local level action plans should be introduced to promote health facility delivery irrespective of their place of residence. In the meantime, PNC awareness campaigns, intervention and economic empowerment programs targeting mothers from the poorest quintile needs to be implemented, particularly those who are unable to attend at least four ANC visits, and have accessibility issues to education.