bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tailoring the electrical and thermal transport properties of LaCoO3 ceramic by band engineering and Fermi energy optimization via isovalent Al-substitution for thermoelectric application
Authors: Mohamed Jibri K P , Harish S , Archana J , Navaneethan M 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Recognizing high performance thermoelectric (TE) ceramics is challenging due to high thermal conductivity and interdependent electrical and thermal transport properties. Herein we report the strategy of isovalent Al substitution in LaCoO3, which resulted in the enhancement of electrical conductivity by band engineering and increased charge carrier mobility via effective mass and Fermi energy optimization. The Al substitution in LaCoO3 not only enhances the electrical transport properties but also decrease the lattice thermal conductivity through enhanced phonon scattering originated from the lattice strain induced by huge mass fluctuation of Co and substituted Al atom. The results indicate that the electrical conductivity increase with increasing the Al substitution and the maximum value of 642 S cm−1 was observed at 753 K and the maximum power factor (73.3 µW m−1K−2) was achieved at 703 K for the sample LaCo0.97Al0.03O3. The Al-substitution enhanced the charge carrier mobility from 0.21 cm2 V−1 s−1 to 51.6 cm2 V−1 s−1 by decreasing the effective mass from 28.76*me to 12.76*me. The decreased carrier concentration with Al substitution is due to the upward shift of Fermi energy towards the conduction band. The lowest thermal conductivity value (0.87 W m−1K−1) was obtained at 303 K for the sample LaCo0.95Al0.05O3. The lattice thermal conductivity of LaCo0.95Al0.05O3 (1.259 W m−1K−1) was reduced about 48% when compared with pure LaCoO3 (2.437 W m−1K−1) at 753 K. The present work reveals the importance of decoupling the electrical and thermal transport properties in achieving high performance TE ceramics.
Correlation of SiO2 etch rate in CF4 plasma with electrical circuit parameter obtained from VI probe in inductively coupled plasma etcher
Authors: Lee Nayeon , Lee Woohyun , Kwon Ohyung , Chung Chin-Wook 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The plasma etch process has become more difficult and longer than other processes and the etch process engineers have tried to confirm whether the results of etch process were normal by monitoring the equipment. However, it is difficult for the engineers unfamiliar with plasma to discover the parameter correlated to the real etch results, so the intuitive parameter to easily estimate the etch results is required. In this study, we focused on analyzing the correlation of the etch rates of SiO2 in CF4 plasma with electrical circuit parameters closely related to genuine plasma, which were obtained by chamber modeling and VI probe. We also introduced the intuitive parameter by combining several electrical circuit parameters to estimate the etch rate more precisely. The proposed parameter was strongly correlated to the etch rates and the coefficient of determination between the etch rates and the proposed parameter was over 0.94. We expect that using the proposed parameter can contribute to maintaining the stability of etch process.
TCAD study of high breakdown voltage AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with embedded passivation layer
Authors: Wu Jianfeng , Xu Conghui , Fan Yangtao , Liu Xingyi , Zhong Zhibai , Yin Jun , Zhang Chunmiao , Li Jing , Kang Junyong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The breakdown characteristics of AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors are one of the most important parameters for practical applications when used as power devices. In this study, the relationship between the relative permittivity of the passivation layers and the breakdown voltages in the off state was investigated in detail using TCAD simulations. An embedded double-passivation layer was proposed to enhance the breakdown voltage of the devices. This device structure was realized using an additional step of etching and opening holes on the edge of the gate metal, followed by the deposition of the embedded passivation films. The extracted electric field shows that this embedded passivation layer not only can improve the breakdown characteristics of the device like using a single high-k passivation film but also presents as the function of the ‘Metal Field Plate’, additionally resulting in the enlarged breakdown voltage. Further theoretical simulations indicated that the greater the difference between the dielectric constants of the high/low passivation materials, the higher the breakdown voltage can be obtained.
Nanogold-capped poly(DEGDMA) microparticles as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates for DNA detection
Authors: Mahmood Malik H , Jaafar Ali , Himics László , Péter László , Rigó István , Zangana Shereen , Bonyár Attila , Veres Miklós 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A novel platform for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was fabricated consisting of diethylene glycol dimethacrylate microparticles prepared by gamma-radiation initiated polymerization and decorated with gold nanoparticles. The comparison of bare and decorated microparticles shows significant SERS enhancement in the Raman signal of rhodamine 6G on the latter. For 532, 633 and 785 nm excitations the near-infrared one was found to show the highest enhancement on the substrate, which also showed excellent temporal stability and spatial uniformity. The practical application potential of the SERS substrate is demonstrated with the detection of deoxyribonucleic acid sequences.
Square skyrmion crystal in centrosymmetric systems with locally inversion-asymmetric layers
Authors: Hayami Satoru 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We investigate an instability toward a square-lattice formation of magnetic skyrmions in centrosymmetric layered systems. By focusing on a bilayer square-lattice structure with the inversion center at the interlayer bond instead of the atomic site, we numerically examine the stability of the square skyrmion crystal (SkX) based on an effective spin model with the momentum-resolved interaction in the ground state through the simulated annealing. As a result, we find that a layer-dependent staggered Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya (DM) interaction built in the lattice structure becomes the origin of the square SkX in an external magnetic field irrespective of the sign of the interlayer exchange interaction. The obtained square SkX is constituted of the SkXs with different helicities in each layer due to the staggered DM interaction. Furthermore, we show that the interplay between the staggered DM interaction and the interlayer exchange interaction gives rise to a double-Q state with a uniform component of the scalar chirality in the low-field region. The present results provide another way of stabilizing the square SkX in centrosymmetric magnets, which will be useful to explore further exotic topological spin textures.
FEM simulation-determined band pass filter method with continuously changed bandwidth for fault detection in axial piston pumps
Authors: Guo Jianchun , Si Zetian , Liu Yi , Li Jiahao , Li Yanting , Xiang Jiawei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The development of bearing fault detection methods is of great significance for the performance maintenance of axial piston pumps. However, the reciprocating movement induced strong natural periodic impulses that completely submerged the fault characteristic frequencies of the axial piston pump. To solve this problem, a finite element method (FEM)-based band-pass filter method was proposed, combined with minimum entropy deconvolution. However, the performance is determined by the selected band-pass filter bandwidth and the pre-treated denoise techniques. In the present study, an improved version of the FEM-based band-pass filter method was developed by continuously changing the bandwidth of the filter. First, the central frequency was determined using the FEM-based band-pass filter method. Second, the bandwidths of the constructed band-pass filters were continuously changed with a certain incremental step to obtain multiple filtered signals from the raw signals. Third, the normalized Hilbert envelope spectra were collected from the filtered signals. Finally, the projection figure is obtained by automatically taking the spectrum lines with maximum amplitudes in the normalized Hilbert envelope spectra, and the fault features are further determined. The experimental results show that the bearing faults in the axial piston pump can be successfully detected using the proposed method. Compared to the original FEM-based band-pass filter method, the improved version does not require bandwidth selection of the band-pass filter and pre-treated denoising method.
Multi-physical field joint monitoring of buried gas pipeline leakage based on BOFDA
Authors: Zhang Pingsong , Liu Chang , Yao Duoxi , Ou Yuanchao , Tian Yutong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Determining the leakage location in an underground gas pipeline is a serious technical problem. Distributed fiber optic testing technology based on Brillouin optical frequency domain analysis (BOFDA) can be used for monitoring the change in the strain and temperature of the surrounding media caused by the gas leakage. In this study, a point source leakage model was built. The distributed fiber optic strain and actively heated fiber optic were installed around the pipeline to monitor the gas pipeline leakage. Variations in the strain and temperature characteristics of the pipeline under different gas pressure conditions were found to be in the range of −392–402 μϵ and 3.5 °C during the 1.0 MPa gas leakage, respectively. When the soil model was loaded with a gas leakage pressure of 0.3–1.0 MPa, a significant variation in strain and temperature was noticed. The copper mesh actively heated fiber optic can effectively identify the location of the leak. Meanwhile, the heating rate of the actively heated fiber optic cables in different media environments were obtained and ranked from fast to slow: air, followed by general soil, followed by leakage soil. This led to the generation of new technology to detect the leakage location of buried gas pipelines through actively heated optical cables.
MOF-derived nitrogen-doped carbon-based trimetallic bifunctional catalysts for rechargeable zinc-air batteries
Authors: Zhu Bo , Li Jing , Hou Zhanrui , Meng Chuizhou , Liu Guihua , Du Xiaohang , Guan Yuming 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Zinc-air battery (ZAB) is a promising new metal-air energy system, but the large overpotentials of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) around the air electrode lead to their poor energy efficiency. Herein, a novel bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst is reported with the preparation of a zeolite imidazolate framework (ZIF-67) derived trimetallic composites decorated nitrogen-doped carbon, which consist of NiFe alloy and Co nanoparticles. The ZIF-derived porous N-doped carbon shell can speed up the mass transfer efficiency. Whereas the electronic effect between the formed NiFe alloy and Co nanoparticles, as well as the N-doped carbon framework can enrich the active centers and enhance the electrical conductivity. As a result, the NiFe-Co@NC-450 catalyst shows superior performance manifested as a small potential gap (ΔE = 0.857 V) between the overpotential at 10 mA cm−2 (E
j=10) for OER (460 mV) and half-wave potential (E
1/2) for ORR (0.833 V). The liquid ZABs exhibit a high specific capacity reaching 798 mAh/gZn and a stable cycling performance at 10 mA cm−2 for more than 200 h. Meanwhile, the NiFe-Co@NC-450 based flexible ZABs also presents robust flexibility and stability. This study has certain implications for the development of economical, powerful and stable bifunctional catalysts for ZABs.
Virtual computed-tomography system for deep-learning-based material decomposition
Authors: Fujiwara Daiyu , Shimomura Taisei , Zhao Wei , Li Kai-Wen , Haga Akihiro , Geng Li-Sheng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objective. Material decomposition (MD) evaluates the elemental composition of human tissues and organs via computed tomography (CT) and is indispensable in correlating anatomical images with functional ones. A major issue in MD is inaccurate elemental information about the real human body. To overcome this problem, we developed a virtual CT system model, by which various reconstructed images can be generated based on ICRP110 human phantoms with information about six major elements (H, C, N, O, P, and Ca). Approach. We generated CT datasets labelled with accurate elemental information using the proposed generative CT model and trained a deep learning (DL)-based model to estimate the material distribution with the ICRP110 based human phantom as well as the digital Shepp–Logan phantom. The accuracy in quad-, dual-, and single-energy CT cases was investigated. The influence of beam-hardening artefacts, noise, and spectrum variations were analysed with testing datasets including elemental density and anatomical shape variations. Main results. The results indicated that this DL approach can realise precise MD, even with single-energy CT images. Moreover, noise, beam-hardening artefacts, and spectrum variations were shown to have minimal impact on the MD. Significance. Present results suggest that the difficulty to prepare a large CT database can be solved by introducing the virtual CT system and the proposed technique can be applied to clinical radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy.
RETRACTED: Potential application of AlP nanosheet semiconductor in the detection of toxic phosgene, thiophosgene, and formaldehyde gases
Authors: Dheyauldeen Salahdin Omar , H Kzar Hamzah , Jade Catalan Opulencia Maria , Abdulkadhim Adnan Hashim , Hammid Ali Thaeer , Ebadi Abdol Ghaffar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The efficient detection and removal of noxious chemicals is essential for human health and environmental security. Here, we have explored the sensitivity and selectivity of aluminum phosphide nanosheet (AlPNS) toward toxic phosgene (Ph), thiophosgene (ThP), and formaldehyde (FD) gases, using density functional theory simulations. The interaction is interpreted by considering the optimized geometries, adsorption energies, natural bond orbital, frontier molecular orbital, and molecular descriptors analyses. The adsorption energies of Ph, ThP, and FD are about −17.9, −18.8, −19.3 kcal mol−1, respectively. The structural geometries show that the Al atoms are the most favorable adsorption sites. The energy gap change and sensitivity are quantitatively determined in order to evaluate the sensing capability of the AlPNS. Among the gases, the sensitivity of the AlPNS is superior toward ThP, which is revealed by the high sensing response of 100.5 and short recovery time of 11.6 s. This research will help experimentalists to devise novel sensors based on AlPNS.
Spinor-induced instability of kinks, holes and quantum droplets
Authors: Kartashov Yaroslav V , Lashkin V M , Modugno Michele , Torner Lluis 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We address the existence and stability of one-dimensional (1D) holes and kinks and two-dimensional (2D) vortex-holes nested in extended binary Bose mixtures, which emerge in the presence of Lee–Huang–Yang (LHY) quantum corrections to the mean-field energy, along with self-bound quantum droplets. We consider both the symmetric system with equal intra-species scattering lengths and atomic masses, modeled by a single (scalar) LHY-corrected Gross–Pitaevskii equation (GPE), and the general asymmetric case with different intra-species scattering lengths, described by two coupled (spinor) GPEs. We found that in the symmetric setting, 1D and 2D holes can exist in a stable form within a range of chemical potentials that overlaps with that of self-bound quantum droplets, but that extends far beyond it. In this case, holes are found to be always stable in 1D and they transform into pairs of stable out-of-phase kinks at the critical chemical potential at which localized droplets turn into flat-top states, thereby revealing the connection between localized and extended nonlinear states. In contrast, we found that the spinor nature of the asymmetric systems may lead to instability of 1D holes, which tend to break into two gray states moving in the opposite directions. Remarkably, such instability arises due to spinor nature of the system and it affects only holes nested in extended modulationally-stable backgrounds, while localized quantum droplet families remain completely stable, even in the asymmetric case, while 1D holes remain stable only close to the point where they transform into pairs of kinks. We also found that symmetric systems allow fully stable 2D vortex-carrying single-charge states at moderate amplitudes, while unconventional instabilities appear also at high amplitudes. Symmetry also strongly inhibits instabilities for double-charge vortex-holes, which thus exhibit unexpectedly robust evolutions at low amplitudes.
Cooperation in costly-access environments
Authors: Pérez-Martínez Hugo , Gracia-Lázaro Carlos , Dercole Fabio , Moreno Yamir 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Understanding cooperative behavior in biological and social systems constitutes a scientific challenge, being the object of intense research over the past decades. Many mechanisms have been proposed to explain the presence and persistence of cooperation in those systems, showing that there is no unique explanation, as different scenarios have different possible driving forces. In this paper, we propose a model to study situations in which voluntary participation involves an access cost to the cooperative interaction, besides the cost associated with cooperation. The proposed costly-access prisoner’s dilemma (PD), a symmetric donation game with voluntary and costly participation, breaks the symmetry between abstainers and participants of the voluntary PD. A mean-field approach shows that, in well-mixed populations, the dynamic always leads the system to abstention. However, depending on the return parameter, numerical simulations in structured populations display an alternating behavior between mono-strategic, multi-stable, and coexistence phases. This behavior is fully explained through a theoretical analysis of the strategic motifs, the transitions being determined by the change in stability of those motifs.
EW radiative corrections to theory predictions of charge asymmetry for W-boson hadroproduction
Authors: Ocalan Kadir 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The higher-order predictions of the lepton charge asymmetry

A

η

l

(the W-boson charge asymmetry

A

y

W

) for the leptonic final state of the W-boson hadroproduction in proton–proton (pp) collisions are presented. The predictions from the state-of-the-art computations are reported for achieving adequate description of the

A

η

l

by including next-to-leading order (NLO) electroweak (EW) radiative corrections in combination with next-to-NLO (NNLO) quantum chromodynamics (QCD) radiative corrections. The combined predictions NNLO QCD+NLO EW and NNLO QCD × NLO EW, based on standard additive and factorised combination prescriptions in turn, are provided in the fiducial phase space of the pseudorapidity of the decay lepton (of the rapidity of the W-boson), comprising both central and forward detector acceptance regions as η

l
≤ 4.5 (y

W
≤ 4.5). The inclusion of the NLO EW effects for the

A

η

l

(

A

y

W

) constitutes additional input for the relative u- and d-quark densities in the proton, which is also of high importance in the domain of the high-precision studies. The predicted

A

η

l

distributions are compared with the actual measurements by CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments at 8 TeV pp collisions energies. The combined predictions for the

A

η

l

(

A

y

W

) distributions are also provided in comparisons with the NNLO QCD predictions at both 13 TeV and 14 TeV energies. The impact of the NLO EW corrections for the

A

η

l

(

A

y

W

) distributions is extensively assessed by means of relative correction factor analysis with respect to the NNLO QCD predictions, in addition to a detailed K-factor analysis with respect to the leading order (LO) accuracy. The predicted results show that the NLO EW effects have larger impact in the forward η

l
region of the

A

η

l

contrary to the central η

l
region, and is sizable in some of the y

W
ranges of the

A

y

W

. The paper suggests inclusion of the presented EW corrections at NLO to have explicit accounting for the EW effects for the

A

η

l

(

A

y

W

) in phenomenological studies.
Optical second-and third harmonic radiation generation in a laser-produced plasma
Authors: Singh Mamta , Gupta Devki Nandan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The harmonic generation of a laser in gases is strictly dependent on the ionization dynamics. In this work, we study optical second and third harmonic radiation generation of a laser in an ionizing gas incorporating the electron-ion recombination effects. Neutral gas is irradiated by an intense laser field which generates free-electrons by tunnel ionization. If the laser pulse is long enough, the electron-ion recombination effects need to be accounted for laser dynamics in plasmas. The laser is assumed to have intensity near the tunnel ionization threshold so as to get plasma density varying with time, which in turn gives rise to strong second and third harmonic radiation fields. Here we demonstrate enhanced second- and third-harmonic generation in tunnel-ionizing gas by an intense laser pulse incorporating the effect of electron-ion recombination. The results show that the inclusion of electron-ion recombination reduces the laser defocusing and hence enhances the harmonic radiation amplitudes. A systematic numerical analysis has been done to understand the underlined physics.
Single-frequency lasing in a CW TEМ00 Nd:YVO4 disk laser with an M-type degenerate cavity and three-beam pumping
Authors: Guryev D A , Kashin V V , Nikolaev D A , Tsvetkov V B 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We demonstrate a continuous-wave TEM00 Nd:YVO4 disk laser with three-beam pumping and a two-mirror degenerate cavity configuration operating in a single-frequency regime without any intracavity wavelength selectors. The estimated lasing linewidth from the measurement was less than 200 MHz at the maximum output power of 1.35 W.
Exponentially-improved asymptotics and numerics for the (un)perturbed first Painlevé equation*
Authors: Olde Daalhuis Adri B 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The solutions of the perturbed first Painlevé equation y″ = 6y
2 − x

μ
, μ > −4, are uniquely determined by the free constant C multiplying the exponentially small terms in the complete large x asymptotic expansions. Full details are given, including the nonlinear Stokes phenomenon, and the computation of the relevant Stokes multipliers. We derive asymptotic approximations, depending on C, for the locations of the singularities that appear on the boundary of the sectors of validity of these exponentially-improved asymptotic expansions. Several numerical examples illustrate the power of the approximations. For the tri-tronquée solution of the unperturbed first Painlevé equation we give highly accurate numerics for the values at the origin and the locations of the zeros and poles.