bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SPLUNC1 regulates LPS-induced progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and proliferation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells
Authors: Tang Ling , Peng Ling , Liu Huai , Xiao Tengfei , Gu Wangning , Yang Hongmin , Wang Hui , chen pan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the aggressive malignant tumors with high mortality, and the proliferation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) could promote the metastasis of NPC through inhibiting the function of T cells. Meanwhile, SPLUNC1 was known to inhibit the malignant behavior of NPC cells, while the detailed function of SPLUNC1 in LPS-modified immune microenvironment of NPC remains unclear.Methods: To assess the impact of SPLUNC1 in immune microenvironment during the progression of NPC, NPC cells were exposed to LPS and then co-cultured with MDSCs for 48 h. RT-qPCR and western blot were performed to evaluate the mRNA and protein levels, respectively. The levels of cytokines were tested by ELISA. Meanwhile, the expression of CD33+ was tested by flow cytometry. Results: The expressions of CXCL-2 and CXCR-2 in NPC cells were higher, compared with those in NP69 cells. In contrast, SPLUNC1 level in NPC cells was much lower than that in NP69 cells. SPLUNC1 level was negatively correlated with CXCL-2 and CXCR-2. Overexpression of SPLUNC1 reversed LPS-induced inflammatory responses and proliferation in NPC cells. In addition, SPLUNC1 upregulation could reverse LPS-induced proliferation of MDSCs in tumor microenvironment. Meanwhile, SPLUNC1 overexpression could regulate CXCL-2/CXCR-2 axis. Conclusion: SPLUNC1 regulates LPS-induced progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and proliferation of MDSCs. Thus, our study might provide a theoretical basis for discovering new strategies against NPC.
The analytical solution to the migration of an epithelial monolayer with a circular spreading front and its implications in gap closure process
Authors: Zhao Tiankai , Yuan Hongyan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Coordinated behaviors of epithelial cells are widely observed in tissue development such as re-epithelialization, tumor growth, and morphogenesis. In these processes, cells either migrate collectively or organize themselves into specific structures to serve certain purposes. In this work, we study the spreading epithelial monolayer whose migrating front encloses a circular gap in the monolayer center. Such kind of tissue is usually used to mimic wound healing process in-Virto. We model the epithelial sheet as a layer of active viscous polar fluid. With an axisymmetric assumption, the model can be analytically solved under two special conditions, suggesting two possible spreading modes for the epithelial monolayer. Based on these two sets of analytical solutions, we assess the velocity of the spreading front affected by the gap size, the active intercellular contractility, and the purse-string contraction acting on the spreading edge. It is found that there exist several critical values in the model parameters for the initiation of the gap closure process, and the purse-string contraction plays a vital role in governing the gap closure kinetics. Finally, the instability of the morphology of the spreading front has been studied. Numerical calculations show how the perturbated velocities and the growth rates vary with respect to different model parameters.
Serum MPO-DNA complex is a useful biomarker for predicting target achievement in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: li Borui , Yang Xinlei , Zhao Juan , Li Guangtao , Zhang Zhuoli 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective: NETosis contributes to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but few studies foused on its clinical values. Therefore, we explored the correlation of serum MPO-DNA complex with RA disease activity, and its ability to predict the therapeutic response. Methods: RA patients were those enrolled for the inducntion stage of the ESCoRT study. All these active RA patients were treated with methotraxate plus TNF inhibitor for 12 weeks and prospectively evaluated every 4 weeks. Serum concentration of MPO-DNA complex was detected by modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Association of MPO-DNA complex level with disease activity, and the value of MPO-DNA complex in predicting target achievement were analyzed.Results: 86 RA patients were included in the study with the mean age of 55.1 years. At enrollment, 54 (62.8%) patients were with high disease activity (HDA) and 32 (37.2%) with moderate disease activity (MDA). The level of serum MPO-DNA was higher in patients with HDA than that in those with MDA (1.10±0.32 vs. 0.86±0.29, p=0.001). After 4 weeks of treatment, the level of MPO-DNA complex of 86 patients was significantly decreased compared to baseline (0.65±0.25 vs. 1.01±0.32, p<0.001). Change of MPO-DNA complex at week 4 from baseline was postively correlated with the corresponding changes of disease activity score based on 28-joint-count (DAS28), simplied disease activity index (SDAI) and clinical disease activity index (CDAI) (r=0.270-0.495, p<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that the changes of serum MPO-DNA at week 4 from baseline was capable of predicting the achievement of low disease activity (LDA) and remission at week 12, with areas under curve of 0.68 and 0.67 respectively (Defined by DAS28-ESR, all p-values < 0.05). Conclusions: Serum MPO-DNA level was corrrelated with RA disease activity. The change of MPO-DNA at week 4 from baseline was predictive of target achievement at week 12. Serum MPO-DNA may serve as a biomarker in RA treat-to-target strategies.
Expression of radish defensin (RsAFP2) gene in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) confers resistance to Fusarium wilt disease
Authors: Sadhu SumanKalyan , Jogam Phanikanth , Gande Kranthikumar , Marapaka Vasudha , Penna Suprasanna , Peddaboina Venkataiah 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a major nutritional source cultivated worldwide. Chickpea is vulnerable to several abiotic and biotic stresses, including different types of soil-borne pathogens like Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri, which causes root rot disease and severely affects productivity. The putative transgenic plants were obtained with the Radish defensin (Rs-AFP2) gene through Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation using the embryo axis explants. Transgenes were confirmed in 18 putative transgenic plants with PCR-specific primers for nptII and Rs-AFP2 genes. Twelve transgenic plants were established successfully under greenhouse conditions. The T0 plants were allowed for self-pollination and obtained T1 seeds. The T1 plants were selected for Fusarium wilt assay using Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri. The T1 plants showed different resistance levels, from moderate to high levels. The control plants (wild-type) exhibited severe wilt symptoms after Fusarium infection.
Enhancing the Solubility of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients using Deep Eutectic Solvents to Develop Liquid Oral Formulations
Authors: Pascual-Fernández Leyre , Bergua Fernando , Artal Manuela , Lafuente Carlos , Giner Beatriz 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Few oral liquid formulations of poorly soluble drugs are available. In this study, we explore the use of several hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) formed by the binary combination of thymol, menthol, and camphor (1:1 thymol:camphor, 2:1 menthol:camphor, and 1:1 thymol:menthol) to increase the solubility of furosemide, tetracycline, nitrofurantoin, carvedilol, and quercetin. The maximum solubility of the studied drugs in different DESs was experimentally measured using a modification of the shake-flask method. The results indicate that the solubility of all five chemicals is more than 50 times higher than the aqueous solubility, and the solubility of quercetin in 2:1 menthol:camphor is especially remarkable (nearly 7000 times the aqueous solubility). A calculation of the DES volume required for the maximum adult dose for each drug shows the oral liquid formulations can be prepared for tetracycline and carvedilol using the three studied DESs and for furosemide using 2:1 menthol:camphor. However, stability and formulation studies need to be performed to ensure that the oral liquid formulations prepared with these solvents comply with pharmacopeia requirements.
Is suboptimal circulating level of vitamin D a risk factor for the poor prognosis of COVID- 19? – A comparison of first and second waves in India
Authors: Charla Yashika , Bhagava Seema , Bembey Shyamala A , Byotra S. P. , Kakar Atul , Gogia Atul , Chugh Parul , Choudhury Sangeeta 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
- Severe acute respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) affects every organ system, especially the lungs. Vitamin D has been shown to modulate both infections and autoimmune diseases. It maintains the balance between angiotensin-1 and angiotensin II, thereby preventing lung tissue damage. Hence arises the question - can adequate circulating vitamin D prevent or modulate SARS-CoV-2 infection? In the present study, we attempted to find the answer to this question in the Indian population.
Methodology
-The study duration was April 1, 2020 to April 30, 2021, including only those patients whose vitamin D levels were estimated. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare age, hospital stay, and total vitamin D levels between the two waves. The gender difference, vitamin D status, pre-existing comorbidities, COVID-19 severity, and mortality were calculated using the chi-square test.
Results
- On curating the data, vitamin D levels were found to be estimated in 179 COVID-19 positive patients. In the first wave, 48.2% of the patients were deficient in vitamin D levels, yet no statistical association was observed for patients’ demographics (age, sex, and comorbidities), COVID-19 severity, and mortality. Similar results were observed in the second wave. The correlation coefficient of IL-6 (r=-0.08), CRP (r = 0.033), and ferritin (r = 0.027) was not significantly associated with vitamin D levels.
Conclusion
- The Indian population is known to be deficient in vitamin D, yet this study showed an absence of vitamin D correlation with severity, morbidity or mortality of COVID-19. Further research into the immune-modulatory effect of vitamin D on disease susceptibility and progression in COVID-19 would be beneficial.
Real-time motion amplification on mobile devices
Authors: Voss Henning 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A simple motion amplification algorithm suitable for real-time applications on mobile devices is presented. It is based on motion enhancement by moving average differencing (MEMAD), a temporal high-pass filter for video streams. MEMAD can amplify small moving objects or subtle motion in larger objects. It is computationally sufficiently simple to be implemented in real time on smartphones. In the specific implementation as an Android phone app, MEMAD is demonstrated on examples chosen such as to motivate applications in the engineering, biological, and medical sciences.
Imatinib protects against dexamethasone-induced pancreatic β-cell apoptosis via downregulation of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and death receptor 5 (DR5)
Authors: Kutpruek Suchanoot , Suksri Kanchana , Maneethorn Petcharee , Semprasert Namoiy , Yenchitsomanus Pa-thai , Kooptiwut Suwattanee 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Long-term treatment of inflammation using dexamethasone can induce diabetes, which is referred to as steroid-induced diabetes. It has been shown that imatinib, which is a drug that is used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), is able to ameliorate diabetes in CML patients. Our group recently reported that dexamethasone could induce pancreatic β-cell apoptosis via upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its receptor, death receptor 5 (DR5). We, therefore, hypothesized that imatinib protects against dexamethasone-induced pancreatic β-cell apoptosis via downregulation of TRAIL and DR5, which favorably influences downstream molecules in apoptotic pathways. To test this hypothesis, we examined the effects of imatinib on dexamethasone-induced INS-1 (rat insulinoma cell line) cell apoptosis. As expected, dexamethasone-induced INS-1 cell apoptosis was associated with upregulation of TRAIL, DR5, and superoxide production, but with downregulation of TRAIL decoy receptor (DcR1). The downstream molecules in the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways, including Bax, NF-κB, p73, caspase 8, and caspase 9, were also upregulated, but the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was downregulated. Interestingly and importantly, imatinib 10 µM could reverse the effects of dexamethasone on TRAIL, DR5, DcR1, superoxide production, Bax, Bcl-2, NF-κB, p73, caspase 3, caspase 8, and caspase 9. Similar effects of imatinib on dexamethasone-induced TRAIL and DR5 expression in isolated mouse islets were also observed. These results indicate that imatinib protects against dexamethasone-induced pancreatic β-cell apoptosis via downregulation of TRAIL and DR5, and via alteration of downstream molecules in the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways.
Osteoblastoma and Plagiocephaly of an Iron Age individual from Ya’amun, Northern Jordan
Authors: Alrousan Mohammad , Al-Shorman Abdulla , Pérez-Pérez Alejandro 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Little is known about the skeletal biology of the Iron Age inhabitants in Jordan, where this study comes to contribute to the previously described diseases of the same period. A single Iron Age skeleton that was unearthed at the site of Ya'amun in northern Jordan is presented. The subject was a male who died at the age of about 30 years old. Paleopathological investigations were performed using anthroposcopy and radiography. The analyses revealed many pathological lesions, including osteobalsoma of the right femur, craniosysntosis, plagiocephaly, asymmetry of the sacrum, fractures of the vertebrae, anemia, and osteoarthritis. This case marks the first example of neoplasm and plagiocephaly in the Iron Age of Jordan. Although the individual had survived serious health problems, he reached his third decade enduring intense daily activities representing the challenging living and subsistence conditions during the Iron Age.
IGSF6 is a prognostic biomarker associated with the anti-tumor activity of macrophages in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zheng Qisi , Li Miao , Li Rong , Shen Han , Zhang Zhi , Tian Xinyu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Immunoglobulin superfamily 6 (IGSF6) is a novel member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, and it is related to a variety of human diseases. However, the association of IGSF6 with the prognosis and anti-tumor immune response of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unknown.
Methods
IGSF6 expression in pan-cancer and LUAD data of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was analyzed by TIMER2.0 and GEPIA2, respectively. Quantitative-real-time-PCR (qRT-PCR), western-blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining were performed to confirm the result of bioinformatics. IGSF6 expression level and promoter methylation level from major clinical features were analyzed by using UALCAN. Survival curves were used to assess the connection between IGSF6 expression and LUAD prognosis. The enrichment analysis was conducted by running the R software clusterProfiler package. TISIDB and Timer2.0 were utilized to investigate the association of IGSF6 with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in LUAD. Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and flow cytometry (FCM) were used to confirm IGSF6 localization in macrophages.
Results
IGSF6 expression was decreased in different types of cancers including LUAD. qRT-PCR, western-blot and IHC staining further confirmed this finding in paired tumor and normal tissues of LUAD patients. Meanwhile, promoter methylation level of IGSF6 in LUAD samples increased compared to that in peritumor samples, implying a potential mechanism that leads to the aberrant expression of IGSF6 in LUAD. By estimating the correlation between IGSF6 expression and the prognosis of LUAD, we found that low IGSF6 expression was significantly related to a worse survival rate. The enrichment analysis of IGSF6 co-expression showed that IGSF6 expression was closely associated with gene sets involved in immune cell proliferation and exogenous antigen presentation. In addition, high IGSF6 expression was positively correlated with immune infiltrates with anti-tumor activity, including M1 macropahges, dendritic cells (DCs), and T helper 1 (Th1) cells. Finally, IGSF6 was indicated to be mainly located on the membrane of macrophages in LUAD, which might enable exogenous antigen uptake and presentation so as to regulate immune response.
Conclusions
IGSF6 is a prognostic biomarker for LUAD, which may promote the anti-tumor immune response leading to ameliorative prognosis.
Pricing Modern Life Insurance Products using Phase-Type Models for Iran
Authors: Haghighi Mohammad Hossein Nezhad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Due to their flexible benefits, equity-linked products are becoming more and more common in the life insurance industry.The present study takes into account the guaranteed minimum death benefit and high-water benefit as two life insurance products. In addition, the underlying asset process is subjected to the jump-diffusion process with phase-type jumps. First, for modeling the lifetime data taken from the Iranian and UK life tables, we chose Canonical Form 1 rather than the Coxian form of phase-type distribution. The two most recent programs, mapfit.r and EMpht.jl, can evaluate this fit. Additionally, the Monte-Carlo approach is used to compare the variability in both products' prices for each country with varied interest and discount rates.The K-S test demonstrated an adequate fit to Iran's lifetime data with 150 phases and a 76.7-year life expectancy (Iran did not have gender-separated data), and UK lifetime data with 200 phases with an 81.8-year life expectancy. Additionally, using mapfit.r, running times for CF1 are less than 20 minutes as opposed to those for Coxian. The outcomes suggest that the prices differ in terms of interest rate, discount rate, the number of fitting phases, and the value of the underlying asset. Additionally, the lack of accuracy in modeling will result in overpricing. The prices ultimately are more volatile the larger the discount rate.
α-Synuclein induces deficiency in clathrin-mediated endocytosis through inhibiting synaptojanin1 expression
Authors: Song Dong-Yan , Yuan Lin , Cui Na , Feng Cong , Meng Lanxia , Wang Xin-He , Xiang Man , Liu Di , Wang Chun , Zhang Zhentao , Li Jia-Yi , LI WEN 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is mainly characterized by the pathological feature of α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation, with the exact disease pathogenesis unclear. During the onset and progression of PD, synaptic dysfunction including dysregulation of axonal transport, impaired exocytosis and endocytosis are identified as crucial events of PD pathogenesis. It has been reported that overexpression of α-syn impairs clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) in the synapses. However, the underlying mechanisms remained unknown.
Methods
In this study, we investigated the molecular events underlying the synaptic dysfunction induced by overexpression of wild-type human α-syn and its mutant form, involving series of proteins participating in CME.
Results
We found that excessive human α-syn causes impaired fission and uncoating of clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) during synaptic vesicle recycling, leading to reduced clustering of synaptic vesicles near the active zone and increased size of plasma membrane and number of endocytic intermediates. Furthermore, overexpressed human α-syn induced changes of CME associated proteins, among which synaptojanin1 (SYNJ1) showed significant reduction in various brain regions. Overexpression of SYNJ1 in the primary neuron of α-syn transgenic mice recovered the synaptic vesicle density and clustering. Using fluorescence-conjugated transferrin, we demonstrated that SYNJ1 re-boosted the CME activity by restoring the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] homeostasis.
Conclusions
In summary, our data suggested that overexpression of α-syn disrupts synaptic function through interfering with vesicle recycling, which could be alleviated by re-availing of SYNJ1. Our study unrevealed a molecular mechanism of the synaptic dysfunction in PD pathogenesis and provided a potential therapeutic target for treating PD.
Reliability and validity of ICU nurses' knowledge-attitude-practice scale for post-ICU syndrome in critically ill patients
Authors: cheng zhiqiang , zhang baozhen , xia jiaoyun , wang xiaoxing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Post-ICU syndrome has not been paid enough attention in Chinese medical institutions. Due to the large population base in my country, the number of people with post-ICU syndrome is also large, which has a great impact on the quality of life of patients in the later period.Objective To develop and verify ICU nurses' knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire on post-ICU syndrome in critically ill patients, to provide a basis for the investigation of post-ICU syndrome status.Methods Using the principle of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP), a questionnaire item database was created through literature review and semi-structured interviews. The questionnaire was modified by Delphi expert correspondence method and pre-investigation. 451 ICU nurses were selected for formal investigation, and the reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated degree test.Results A questionnaire of knowledge, attitude, and practice of ICU nurses on post-ICU syndrome in critically ill patients was formed, in which the number of items in the three dimensions of knowledge, attitude, and practice were 11, 7, and 13, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient between dimensions and the total score of the questionnaire ranged from 0.526 to 0.860, and the correlation coefficients between items and dimensions ranged from 0.517 to 0.921 (P＜0.001). Item content validity (I-CVI) ranged from 0.867 to 1, and questionnaire content validity (S-CVI) =0.989. Four common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis, and the cumulative variance explanation rate was 76.214%. Confirmatory factor analysis: Chi-square ratio of degrees of freedom (χ2/df) =2.789, RMSEA=0.077, RMR=0.048, GFI=0.947, CFI=0.922, NFI=0.943, IFI=0.922, TLI=0.915. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the questionnaire and dimension were 0.948, 0.976, 0.966, 0.910, split-half reliability = 0.951, and test-retest reliability = 0.927.Conclusion The reliability and validity of the questionnaire meets the requirements of questionnaire preparation, and can reflect the knowledge, belief, and behavior of ICU nurses in post-ICU syndrome.
Signs of ultra-high-energy electrons emission with energy up to 105 times of beam energy are detected at downstream of the RF cavity of storage ring
Authors: Qian Dapeng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In a new version of special relativity that absorbed the uncertainty principle, the Einstein-Lorentz mass formula proved to be a special case of a more universal equation. The new equation indicates that there is a “high speed but low mass” weak effect in particle motion, which will cause the generation of abnormal ultra-high energy electrons with a small probability when an electron beam passes through an accelerating electric field. The author used the method of long-times accumulation detection to test it on the BEPCII, which results show that there is indeed emission of abnormal electrons with energy up to 105 times of the beam energy at the downstream of the RF cavity of the electron storage ring. Therefor, it is suggested to use the detector with an online real-time display function, such as the “Shashlyk calorimeter”, to detect the single event of ultra-high energy electron, so to fully verify this previously unknown phenomenon and further discover new physics.