bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anorexia and bulimia in late antiquity and early Byzantine period in the eastern Mediterranean region
Authors: Tsagkaris Christos , Christopoulos Platon , Papadakis Marios , Trompoukis Constantinos 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to identify clinical manifestations of eating disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean region from the first century AD until the seventh century AD and evaluate relevant awareness among the physicians of the era.MethodThe authors searched original medical texts written in Greek by physicians practicing in the Eastern Mediterranean region from the first century AD to the seventh century AD. The search focused on passages that include possible references to clinical entities analogous to anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) as described in the DSM‐5 and the contemporary literature.ResultsDescriptions of conditions that resemble AN or BN can be found in the work of Galen, Oribasius, Aetius of Amida, Leon Philoumenos, Alexander Trallian, and Paul of Egina. Successive physicians confirmed the observations of their predecessors and add to the description of the clinical presentations and their etiology.DiscussionThis research provides evidence of awareness of presentations resembling currently defined eating disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean region during a period with different norms and values. Observations from the period can serve as a point for reflection about the characteristics and etiology of AN and BN in the 21st century.
Madagascar Terrestrial Camera Survey Database 2021: A collation of protected forest camera surveys from 2007–2021
Authors: Wampole Erin M. , Gerber Brian D. , Farris Zach J. , Razafimahaimodison Jean Claude , Andrianarisoa Mahandry Hugues , Ralazampirenena Claude Jacquot , Wright Patricia C. , Rasamisoa C. Delaid , Gibson Dean , Tobler Mathias W. , Eppley Timothy M. , Vasey Natalie , Johnson Steig E. , Filla Caitlynn , Valenta Kim , Ross Patrick , Murphy Asia , Karpanty Sarah M. , Kelly Marcella J. , Anderson Cullen , Cardinal Claire , Donati Giuseppe , Razafy Prisca , Rafaliarison Radoniaina , Rasambainarivo Fidisoa , Razafindramanana Josia , Merson Samuel D. , Larney Eileen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMadagascar is a threatened global biodiversity hotspot and conservation priority, yet we lack broad‐scale surveys to assess biodiversity across space and time. To fill this gap, we collated camera trap surveys, capturing species occurrences within Madagascar into a single standardized database. This data set includes nine distinct protected areas of Madagascar and encompasses 13 subprojects, 38 camera arrays, and 1156 sampling units (independent camera site per survey) within two important biodiversity eco‐regions: western dry deciduous forest and eastern humid rainforest. Camera surveys were conducted from June 2007 to January 2021. The final data set includes 17 unique families of mammals (Bovidae, Canidae, Cheirogaleidae, Daubentoniidae, Equidae, Eupleridae, Felidae, Hominidae, Indriidae, Lemuridae, Lepilemuridae, Muridae, Nesomyidae, Pteropodidae, Soricidae, Suidae, Tenrecidae) comprising 45 species and 27 unique families of birds (Accipitridae, Acrocephalidae, Alcedinidae, Bernieridae, Brachypteraciidae, Caprimulgidae, Cisticolidae, Columbidae, Coraciidae, Corvidae, Cuculidae, Dicruridae, Mesitornithidae, Monarchidae, Motacillidae, Muscicapidae, Numididae, Phasianidae, Rallidae, Sarothruridae, Strigidae, Sturnidae, Sulidae, Threskiornithidae, Upupidae, Vangidae, Zosteropidae) comprising 58 species. Images were processed and verified by individual project data set creators and camera operation and species tables were then collated. The final product represents the first broad‐scale freely available standardized formal faunal database for Madagascar. Data are available through this publication and at DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5801806. These data will be useful for examining species‐level and community‐level trends in occurrence across space or time within Madagascar and globally, evaluating native and invasive species dynamics, and will aid in determining species conservation status and planning for at‐risk species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this paper when using the data for publication.
Biophysics Role and Biomimetic Culture Systems of ECM Stiffness in Cancer EMT
Authors: Tian Hao , Shi Hanhan , Yu Jie , Ge Shengfang , Ruan Jing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOncological diseases have become the second leading cause of death from noncommunicable diseases worldwide and a major threat to human health. With the continuous progress in cancer research, the mechanical cues from the tumor microenvironment environment (TME) have been found to play an irreplaceable role in the progression of many cancers. As the main extracellular mechanical signal carrier, extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness may influence cancer progression through biomechanical transduction to modify downstream gene expression, promote epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), and regulate the stemness of cancer cells. EMT is an important mechanism that induces cancer cell metastasis and is closely influenced by ECM stiffness, either independently or in conjunction with other molecules. In this review, the unique role of ECM stiffness in EMT in different kinds of cancers is first summarized. By continually examining the significance of ECM stiffness in cancer progression, a biomimetic culture system based on 3D manufacturing and novel material technologies is developed to mimic ECM stiffness. The authors then look back on the novel development of the ECM stiffness biomimetic culture systems and finally provide new insights into ECM stiffness in cancer progression which can broaden the fields’ horizons with a view toward developing new cancer diagnosis methods and therapies.
Multisensory mental imagery of fatigue: Evidence from an fMRI study
Authors: Tomasino Barbara , Del Negro Ilaria , Garbo Riccardo , Gigli Gian Luigi , D'Agostini Serena , Valente Maria Rosaria 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFunctional imaging experimental designs measuring fatigue, defined as a subjective lack of physical and/or mental energy characterizing a wide range of neurologic conditions, are still under development. Nineteen right‐handed healthy subjects (9 M and 10 F, mean age 43.15 ± 8.34 years) were evaluated by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), asking them to perform explicit, first‐person, mental imagery of fatigue‐related multisensory sensations. Short sentences designed to assess the principal manifestations of fatigue from the Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory were presented. Participants were asked to imagine the corresponding sensations (Sensory Imagery, SI). As a control, they had to imagine the visual scenes (Visual Imagery, VI) described in short phrases. The SI task (vs. VI task) differentially activated three areas: (i) the precuneus, which is involved in first‐person perspective taking; (ii) the left superior temporal sulcus, which is a multisensory integration area; and (iii) the left inferior frontal gyrus, known to be involved in mental imagery network. The SI fMRI task can be used to measure processing involved in mental imagery of fatigue‐related multisensory sensations.
Intraindividual associations between active social media use, exhaustion, and bedtime vary according to age—A longitudinal study across adolescence
Authors: Maksniemi Erika , Hietajärvi Lauri , Ketonen Elina E. , Lonka Kirsti , Puukko Kati , Salmela‐Aro Katariina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe majority of adolescents engage with others online, and using social media is one of their top activities. However, there is little longitudinal evidence addressing whether active social media use is associated with study‐related emotional exhaustion or delayed bedtime at the individual level of development during adolescence.MethodA 6‐year longitudinal survey study (N = 426, female, 65.7%) was conducted (2014–2019) in Finland when the participants were 13–19 years old. Utilizing a Random Intercept Cross‐Lagged Panel Model, this study focused specifically on longitudinal within‐person effects.ResultsNo clear patterns between increased active social media use, increased emotional exhaustion, and delayed bedtime were found; however, the associations varied across the years of adolescence: active social media use and delayed bedtime were only associated in early adolescence; active social media use and emotional exhaustion were associated in both middle and late adolescence.ConclusionsIntraindividual relations between adolescents' reported active social media use, emotional exhaustion, and sleeping habits are small, inconsistent, and vary according to age. Therefore, future research should focus on additional longitudinal studies to examine the specific practices of social media use during the different developmental stages of at‐risk individuals.
Identifying nonhazardous substances in pharmaceutical manufacturing and setting default health‐based exposure limits (HBELs)
Authors: Wiesner Lisa , Araya Selene , Lovsin Barle Ester 
Published: March 2022

AbstractContract Development and Manufacturing Organizations (CDMOs) that manufacture large, diverse portfolio of chemical and pharmaceutical substances require pragmatic risk‐based decisions with respect to the safe carry‐over between different chemical entities, as well as for worker protection. Additionally, CDMOs may not have access to primary study data, or data are generally lacking for a specific substance. While pharmaceuticals require the establishment of health‐based exposure limits (HBELs) (e.g., occupational exposure limits [OELs] and permitted daily exposure [PDE] limits), the limits for nonhazardous substances could be set in a protective and pragmatic way by using default values, when internally required. Because there is no aligned definition provided by authorities, nor agreed default values for nonhazardous substances, we provide a decision tree in order to help qualified experts (such as qualified toxicologists) to identify the group of nonhazardous substances and to assign default HBEL values for specific routes of exposure. The nonhazardous substances discussed within this publication are part of the following subgroups: (I) inactive pharmaceutical ingredients, (II) pharmaceutical excipients or cosmetic ingredients, (III) substances Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS), and (IV) food ingredients, additives, and contact materials. The proposed default limit values are 1 mg/m3 for the OEL and 50 mg/day for the PDE oral and intravenous (IV) route.
Strain and shearwave sonoelastographic findings of quadriceps tendon in patients with chronic kidney disease. Are they reliable?
Authors: Gülseren Yıldız , Aslan Ahmet , Buz Ayşenur 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimIn this study, we aimed to compare the strain (SE) and shear wave elastography (SWE) findings of the quadriceps tendons (QT) of the patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and healthy volunteers (HV), and estimate the reliability of the evaluations.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐nine HV and twenty‐seven patients with CKD were enrolled. All sonoelastographic examinations were performed separately by two observers. The QT thickness (QTT), SWE, and SE findings including the tissue elastic modulus (EM), shear wave velocity (SWV), and the elasticity patterns were obtained and compared. Interobserver agreement was evaluated to test the reliability of the findings.ResultsThe QT in CKD patients is thinner than HV (p = 0.001 for both observers). The elasticity patterns of QT were mostly intermediate stiffness for both observers (p < 0.05 for both observers). The mean EM values in the patient group were significantly higher than HV for both observers (p < 0.05 for both observers). The mean SWVs were significantly higher in the patient group (p < 0.05 for both observers). SWV showed weak, significant, and negative correlations with the hemodialysis (HD) duration (p < 0.05 for both observers). The interobserver agreements were moderate to excellent for QTT, EM, SWS, and SE patterns (p < 0.01 for all parameters).ConclusionQTT and its elasticity are decreased in patients with CKD. The QTT and SE patterns may be the choice to determine the elasticity in CKD patients with good reliability values rather than SWE. But, there is still debate on the reliability of sonoelastographic findings, to ensure standardization of the factors affecting reliability, they should be well understood.
Conceptualizing stress associated with clinical experiences of Korean counseling repatriates
Authors: Kim Eunha , Bae Suyeon , Kim Jiwon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study explored stress associated with clinical experiences of Korean counseling repatriates who returned to South Korea after obtaining their doctoral degree in the United States. Concept mapping revealed six major clusters of stressors: difficulties associated with language and communication, cultural differences between therapists and clients, clients’ attitudes toward and expectations regarding therapy, lack of ethical standards and licensure issues, hierarchical collectivistic working culture, and mental health system not being well‐established.
Discrimination, stress, and well‐being in the workplace: A comparison of Australian migrant and nonmigrant workers
Authors: Satyen Lata , Becerra Anggie Fajardo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractResearch on workplace discrimination and its effects among migrant workers in Australia is limited. This study examined perceived ethnic discrimination in the workplace, levels of occupational stress, and general well‐being across Australian migrant and nonmigrant workers with a nationally representative sample of 344 Australian migrant (32%) and nonmigrant (68%) workers. Results showed that migrant workers had higher scores on perceived discrimination and occupational stress, and lower scores on personal well‐being. These findings highlight the need to understand the experiences, risks, and needs of culturally diverse workers in Australia to improve their well‐being and provide them with culturally relevant support.
A Polyphenol‐Rich Diet Increases the Gut Microbiota Metabolite Indole 3‐Propionic Acid in Older Adults with Preserved Kidney Function
Authors: Peron Gregorio , Meroño Tomás , Gargari Giorgio , Hidalgo‐Liberona Nicole , Miñarro Antonio , Lozano Esteban Vegas , Castellano‐Escuder Pol , González‐Domínguez Raúl , del Bo' Cristian , Bernardi Stefano , Kroon Paul A. , Cherubini Antonio , Riso Patrizia , Guglielmetti Simone , Andrés‐Lacueva Cristina 
Published: March 2022

ScopeDietary polyphenols can alter the gut microbiota (GM) and promote the production of bioactive metabolites. Several indoles result of GM metabolism of dietary tryptophan have been associated with intestinal barrier integrity. Our aim is to study the changes in GM‐derived indoles during a polyphenol‐rich (PR) diet intervention in older adults.Methods and ResultsRandomized, controlled, crossover trial in adults ≥ 60 years living in a residential care facility during an 8‐week PR versus control diet (n = 51). Seven GM‐tryptophan metabolites are measured in serum, and metataxonomic analysis of GM is performed on fecal samples. Exploratory subgroup analyses are performed based on renal function (RF). The PR‐diet significantly increases serum indole 3‐propionic acid (IPA) in subjects with normal RF, but not in subjects with impaired RF. Other GM‐tryptophan metabolites are not affected. Comparison of baseline GM composition shows shifts in Bacteroidales order members as well as higher abundance of Clostridiales in participants with normal RF. During the trial, variations of IPA are associated with changes in C‐reactive protein (β = 0.32, p = 0.010) and GM, particularly with the Clostridiales (r = 0.35, p < 0.001) and Enterobacteriales (r = −0.15, p < 0.05) orders.ConclusionA PR diet increases the serum concentration of IPA in older adults with normal RF. Our findings may be important when defining appropriate dietary interventions for older adults.Trial registration number: ISRCTN10214981 (https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN10214981).
Hypervalent iodine‐based initiators and efficient chain transfer agents for the synthesis of branched polymers from crosslinkers
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Sayala Kapil Dev , Tang Houliang , Tsarevsky Nicolay V 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of hyperbranched polymers with alkyl chloride‐type chain ends was accomplished by the copolymerization of methyl methacrylate and a crosslinker, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, in the presence of 1‐chloro‐1,2‐benziodoxol‐3(1H)‐one (BIO‐Cl), which served as both a radical initiator and an efficient chain transfer agent. The polymerizations were carried out under thermal (80 °C) and photochemical (irradiation with visible light) conditions. As a result of the transfer of Cl atoms from BIO‐Cl to the propagating radicals, gelation was delayed to high monomer conversions and, until that point, soluble branched polymers were formed. Even pure crosslinker could be polymerized to moderate conversions (>15%, depending on the amount of added BIO‐Cl), yielding branched polymers prior to formation of networks. The effect of the concentrations of crosslinker and hypervalent iodine(III) compound on the outcome of the (co)polymerizations as well as the kinetic features of Cl transfer and decomposition of BIO‐Cl were studied in detail. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Communicating carabids: Engaging farmers to encourage uptake of integrated pest management
Authors: Jowett Kelly , Milne Alice E , Potts Simon G , Senapathi Deepa , Storkey Jonathan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDNatural enemy pest control is becoming more desirable as restrictions increase on pesticide use. Carabid beetles are proven agents of natural‐enemy pest control (NPC), controlling pests and weeds in crop areas. Agro‐ecological measures can be effective for boosting carabid abundance and associated NPC, but the benefits of specific interventions to production are seldom communicated to farmers. We explore pathways to improved NPC by engaging farmers and increasing knowledge about farm management practices (FMPs) beneficial to carabids using engagement materials. We used a questionnaire to measure awareness, beliefs and attitudes to carabids and analysed these within a framework of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), relative to a control group.RESULTSWe found awareness of carabid predation to be associated with beliefs of pest and weed control efficacy. Within the framework of TPB, we found that current implementation of FMPs was higher if farmers perceived them to be both important for carabids and easy to implement. This was also true for future intention to implement, yet the perceived importance was influenced by engagement materials. Field margins/buffer strips and beetle banks (16% and 13% of responses) were the most favoured by farmers as interventions for carabids.CONCLUSIONThe TPB is a valuable tool with which to examine internal elements of farmer behaviour. In this study self‐selected participants were influenced by online engagement in a single intervention, proving this approach has the potential to change behaviour. Our results are evidence for the effectiveness of raising awareness of NPC to change attitudes and increase uptake of sustainable practices.
Model‐based meta‐analysis of salbutamol pharmacokinetics and practical implications for doping control
Authors: Courlet Perrine , Buclin Thierry , Biollaz Jérôme , Mazzoni Irene , Rabin Olivier , Guidi Monia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSalbutamol was included in the prohibited list of the World Anti‐Doping Agency (WADA) in 2004. Although systemic intake is banned, inhalation for asthma is permitted but with dosage restrictions. The WADA established a urinary concentration threshold to distinguish accordingly prohibited systemic self‐administration from therapeutic prescription by inhalation. This study aimed at evaluating the ability of the WADA threshold to differentiate salbutamol therapeutic use from violation of antidoping rules. Concentration‐time profile of salbutamol in plasma and its excretion in urine was characterized through a model‐based meta‐analysis of individual and aggregate data collected after administration of a large range of doses following different modes of administration and under a variety of conditions. The developed model adequately fitted salbutamol plasma and urine concentration‐time profiles of the 13 selected studies. Model‐based simulations confirmed that a wide range of salbutamol urine concentrations might be measured after drug intake. Although violation of the WADA Code can be strongly suspected in individuals showing very high salbutamol urine concentrations, uncertainty remains for values close to the WADA threshold as they can be compatible with both permitted therapeutic use and violation. Although not entirely discriminant, the current WADA rule is globally supported by our appraisal. It could be further improved by a slight and reasonable adjustment of inhaled daily dosages allowed for therapeutic use. Our model might help antidoping experts in the evaluation of suspected doping cases through confronting the athlete's urine measurements with their allegations about salbutamol treatment.
Multiscale Engineering of Nanofiber‐Aerogel Composite Nanogenerator with Tunable Triboelectric Performance Based on Multifunctional Polysuccinimide
Authors: Kim Mirae , Choi Cholong , Lee Jin Pyo , Kim Jiyun , Cha Chaenyung 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMultiscale polymer engineering, involving chemical modification to control their triboelectric polarities as well as physicomechanical modification to maximize charge transfer and structural durability, is paramount to developing a high‐performance triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). This report introduces a highly efficient and comprehensive strategy to engineer high‐performance TENG based on multifunctional polysuccinimide (PSI). With the ability of PSI to undergo facile nucleophilic addition with amines, sodium sulfate and quaternary ammonium chlorides having opposite charged groups are conjugated to PSI in varying densities. The resulting Sulfo‐PSI and TMAC‐PSI, respectively, processed into nanofibrous films, demonstrate highly enhanced and variable triboelectric properties based on the charge type and density. To further enhance the mechanical toughness and biocompatibility necessary for wearable applications, these PSI nanofibers are processed into alginate aerogel (AG). The sustained triboelectric performance of this nanofiber‐AG TENG as a wearable energy harvester and biosensor is examined and validated in detail.
A gomphothere (Mammalia, Proboscidea) from the Quaternary of the Kashmir Valley, India
Authors: Parray Khursheed A. , Jukar Advait M. , Paul Abdul Qayoom , Ahmad Ishfaq , Patnaik Rajeev 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Kashmir Valley in northern India preserves a fossiliferous Plio‐Pleistocene sedimentary record extending in time almost 5 myr. These fluvio‐lacustrine sediments are commonly called the Karewas, and represent an ancient lake system with drainages derived from the Greater Himalayas and Pir Panjal Ranges. Although fossils have been known from this region for more than 150 years, the record is not as rich or taxonomically well resolved as the dense fossil record of the southern Siwalik Group. Here, we report the first specimen of a Quaternary gomphothere, cf. Sinomastodonsp. from the Kashmir Valley, along with new occurrences ofEquus cf. sivalensis. This is the youngest gomphothere known from the Indian Subcontinent, representing a group of proboscideans hitherto thought to have gone locally extinct at the end of the Pliocene.Sinomastodonis commonly found in eastern and southeast Asia, and its presence in the Kashmir Valley suggests robust dispersal routes from southeast Asia to the high Himalayas. The presence of this browsing proboscidean in the Pleistocene suggests a unique refugial forested intermontane ecosystem, similar to those found in southern China, different from the savannah ecosystems found in the Siwalik Group south of the mountains.