bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor feeding artery contraction and metastasis inhibition after transarterial chemoembolization combined with apatinib for hepatocellular carcinoma: A propensity score matching study
Authors: Cao Yanyan , Kan Xuefeng , Chen Lei , Sun Tao , Ouyang Tao , Zhang Weihua , Xiong Fu , Liang Bin , Zheng Chuansheng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate the change of tumor feeding artery diameter and the efficacy of metastasis inhibition after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with apatinib or TACE monotherapy for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who without metastasis.Materials and methodsA total of 616 consecutive patients who received the treatment of TACE‐apatinib or TACE in our center was enrolled. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was used to reduce bias. The overall survival (OS), OS‐after‐metastasis (OSM), time to progression (TTP), time to metastasis (TTM), time to vessel or organ metastasis (TVOM), time to lymph node metastasis, and tumor feeding artery diameter between the two treatment groups were compared.ResultsA total of 113 pairs of patients were eligible after the PSM. Time to lymph node metastasis between the two groups was not significantly different (P > 0.05). The tumor feeding artery diameter was significantly smaller after TACE‐apatinib management (P < 0.001). Median OS (P < 0.001) and OSM (P < 0.001) were significantly longer in the TACE‐apatinib group compared with the TACE group. Median TTP (P < 0.001), TTM (P < 0.001), and TVOM (P < 0.001) were significantly prolonged in TACE‐apatinib group.ConclusionTACE‐apatinib treatment could improve the prognosis compared with TACE alone, and inhibit metastasis after TACE procedure with contracted tumor feeding artery for advanced HCCs without metastasis.
Academic familism and disciplinary cohesion in higher education: The case of the educational administration field in Turkey
Authors: Gokturk Duygun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIt has been known for some time that academic researchers are subject to diverse relations of production that influence the direction and ultimately the value of their scientific work. In this context, this study examines how the field of educational administration is practiced at higher education institutions in Turkey, how these practices have become socially integrated over the years and how a structurally cohesive core characterizes the discipline's research activity. The study reviews 609 doctoral dissertations concerning educational administration from a longitudinal perspective (1988 to 2020) using a two‐tier theoretical path: the role of academic familism and disciplinary cohesion in the field. The findings reveal that academic familism and disciplinary cohesion are interrelated and interdependent. Together they impact the formation of monolithic gendered, epistemic, and academic communities, consolidate gendered and monolithic academic networking, and limit cross‐disciplinary interaction in the educational administration field.
Between the convention and conventional practice: Israeli social workers' recommendations regarding the legal capacity of people with disabilities
Authors: Holler Roni , Werner Shirli 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundFollowing the convention on the rights of persons with disabilities (CRPD), various countries have recently amended their legal capacity laws with the aim of restricting the use of guardianship and increasing the use of other, less restrictive practices, mainly supported decision making. As social workers have a key role in carrying out these reforms, this study examines how Israeli social workers make legal capacity‐related decisions.MethodSemi‐structured interviews with 27 Israeli social workers.ResultsThematic analysis identified three factors driving social workers' recommendations regarding guardianship and supported decision‐making: the person's diagnosis and functioning level, and the presence of a supportive family. A fourth factor, the person's preferences, played a complex and more limited role.ConclusionsMany changes have yet to be made to fully apply the support paradigm in Israel, since social workers still tend to base their recommendations on factors not fully aligned with the CRPD.
Non‐invasive optical coherence tomography angiography: A comparison with fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography in normal adult dogs and cats
Authors: Occelli Laurence M. , Pirie Chris G. , Petersen‐Jones Simon M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeWhile the retinal vasculature can be assessed by simple funduscopy, a more detailed assessment can be performed by conventional angiography using dyes such as fluorescein or indocyanine green. The development of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT‐A) allows a non‐invasive detailed examination of posterior segment vasculature. The purpose of this prospective study was to compare imaging of posterior segment vasculature in normal dogs and cats using OCT‐A, fluorescein angiography (FA), and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA).MethodsEight adult funduscopically normal dogs and 13 funduscopically normal cats were included in the study. Retinal vasculature was assessed by OCT‐A followed by ICGA then FA. Regular fundus imaging was also performed.ResultsHigh‐resolution images of the different vascular layers within the retina and choroid could be acquired using OCT‐A in both dogs and cats. The technique provided more detail than obtained with FA/ICGA. However, artifacts/errors can occur during OCT‐A image acquisition/analysis/interpretation and must be considered. Furthermore, OCT‐A only allows for a limited field of view compared to FA/ICGA.ConclusionsOptical coherence tomography angiography is a new non‐invasive posterior segment imaging technique that is complementary to traditional dye‐based angiographic techniques. Detailed imaging of the dog and cat posterior segment can be achieved under general anesthesia. OCT‐A provides additional detail of the vasculature and can clearly demonstrate the anatomical depth of the imaged vessels. There are, however, some limitations to this new technique that may be overcome by future technological advances.
Effect of Surface Finish on the Fatigue Strength of Titanium Alloys RC 130B and Ti 140A
Authors: Sinclair G. M. , Corten H. T. , Dolan T. J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
An investigation was made of the effect of various surface-finishing operations on the fatigue strength of two titanium alloys, RC 130B and Ti 140A. The types of finish studied included rough-machined, machined and mechanically polished, cold-rolled electropolished, and ground surfaces. Through the use of microhardness measuring techniques it was found that the different finishing methods introduced varying degrees and varying depths of cold work in the surface layers of the metal. Cold-rolling produced the highest hardness in the surface layer while grinding gave the lowest value; in one case the ground surface appeared to be slightly softer than the inner core metal. In general, the fatigue strength for lifetimes exceeding 2 × 107 cycles was found to vary according to the hardness of the surface layer with the highest hardness corresponding to the greatest fatigue strength. Roughness of the surface was also found to influence fatigue strength but to a much lesser degree than hardness. As a first approximation the relationship between surface hardness, surface roughness, and fatigue strength could be expressed by an equation of the form Z = KX−a Yb where Z is fatigue limit, X is surface roughness, Y is hardness, and K, a, and b are constants of the material. Data from the present study were evaluated in terms of this equation and the results are presented in the form of a nomograph. Results of tests made on notched specimens appear to indicate that titanium is less notch-sensitive in fatigue than was previously reported. Early reports of extreme notch sensitivity may have resulted from comparisons made between notched and smooth specimens having quite different surface preparations in the test section.
Temperature Distribution in the Journal-Bearing Lubricant Film
Authors: Purvis M. B. , Meyer W. E. , Benton T. C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The equations for the adiabatic temperature distribution in the journal bearing are obtained for both the infinite bearing and the short bearing. The solutions are obtained by treating viscosity and density as functions of temperature. The solution shows that the lubricant temperature increases as it flows through the bearing and that the temperature rises as long as the film remains continuous. Since the film becomes discontinuous shortly after the point of minimum film thickness, the point of minimum film may be taken as the point of maximum temperature. A numerical example showing comparison with experimental data is presented.
The Unsteady Laminar Boundary Layer on a Flat Plate
Authors: Cheng Sin-I , Elliott David 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The problem of a semi-infinite flat plate started initially from rest in an incompressible fluid with an arbitrary velocity without flow reversal is considered in this paper. In reference (1) the unsteady laminar boundary layer on a semi-infinite flat plate started to move with a velocity proportional to tn, where n is positive, is analyzed in detail. It is shown that a solution, constructed from the leading edge and properly continued into the far downstream region of the leading edge, possesses the proper limiting behavior that either at small t or in the far downstream region the flow field is substantially independent of x and is given by the Rayleigh-type solution. This solution also possesses the proper behavior at very large times. In view of the fact that serious difficulties have been encountered in trying to perturb the Rayleigh-type solution either to obtain solutions in the upstream region or to obtain solutions valid at large times, it is of interest to see whether the method of constructing the unsteady laminar boundary-layer solution as shown in reference (1) can be applied to arbitrary plate velocity and still lead to solutions with proper limiting behavior. This is found to be so if the plate was started initially from rest. In particular, the limiting form of the results for large t produces a solution for the motion of an oscillating plate in a uniform stream. This is of interest at least in so far as the theoretical results can be checked by experiment, not mentioning its connection with a number of practical problems. The effects of compressibility have been considered briefly with Howarth’s transformation in reference (2). Unfortunately, the simple energy integrals of Busemann and of Crocco when Pr = 1 cannot be extended to unsteady flow with physically sensible thermal condition on the plate. It seems that the temperature field would be better determined numerically for each specific example in question and is omitted from the present paper.
On the Changing Size Spectrum of Particle Clouds Undergoing Evaporation, Combustion, or Acceleration
Authors: Shapiro A. H. , Erickson A. J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A theoretical treatment is given showing how the size distribution of a cloud of particles changes as the result of evaporation, combustion, or acceleration. The general differential equation governing the concentration of particles as a function of size, position, and time is formulated for one-dimensional duct-type flows. Solutions to the differential equation are then obtained for a number of special problems of interest to evaporation and combustion. When molecular transfers control, the equivalent mean diameter for evaporation or combustion of drops is found to be approximately constant with time. This suggests that the conventional model of a constant number of uniform drops of varying size be replaced by a new model having a varying number of uniform drops of constant size. The new model predicts a lower rate of evaporation or combustion than the conventional model.
Fluid Transport Mechanisms in Microfluidic Devices
Authors: Molho Joshua I. , Herr Amy E. , Kenny Thomas W. , Mungal M. Godfrey , Deshpande Manish , Gilbert John R. , Garguilo Michael G. , Paul Phillip H. , St. John Pamela M. , Woudenberg Timothy M. , Connell Charles 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Most microfluidic systems rely on one of two manners of fluid transport: pressure-driven or electrokinetically-driven flow. This investigation focuses on describing these flows in microfabricated channels and small diameter capillary tubes. Flow characterization is accomplished by interrogation of micron-scale fluid regions through a powerful, non-intrusive flow imaging technique. Interesting phenomena have been observed from these detailed examinations. Our results are presented in conjunction with an evaluation of mechanisms that potentially explain observed deviations from the Helmholtz-Smoluchowski equation. In particular, we show that observed perturbations of electrokinetic flow in open capillaries might be caused by induced pressure gradients. We also show how these induced pressure gradients may globally perturb the flow in an electrokinetically-driven microfluidic system.
Challenging Issues in Microelectromechanical Systems
Authors: Komvopoulos K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary field dealing with the design and manufacturing of miniaturized micromachines using mainly semiconductor technology. Recent demands have led to the integration of electrical, mechanical, optical, fluidic, thermal, and biological microdevices into versatile microsystems capable of performing complex sensing, control, and computing functions. While significant opportunities exist for MEMS, early indications suggest that a large number of challenging issues are presently preventing the evolution of MEMS from the laboratory to the application world. The objective of this article is to consider some of the important surface science issues in MEMS and the nature of microscopic processes occurring at micromachine interfaces during fabrication and operation.
Liquid Mass Flow Sensor Using Dynamic Pressure Detection
Authors: Ashauer M. , Glosch H. , Ashauer H. , Sandmaier H. , Lang W. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We are reporting on a new application of state of the art silicon pressure sensors in measurement of volume flows. Due to small sensor dimensions and suitable device passivation, the sensor element can be placed right in the flowing medium and detect the liquid dynamic pressure. First prototypes are being evaluated by various industrial companies.
Ultrahigh-temperature granites and a curious thermal eye in the post-collisional South Bohemian batholith of the Variscan orogenic belt (Europe)
Authors: Finger Fritz , Schiller David , Lindner Martin , Hauzenberger Christoph , Verner Kryštof , Žák Jiří 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Comprehensive zircon thermometry that takes into account zircon saturation temperatures, Ti-in-zircon measurements, and zircon morphologies and microstructures can provide key information on the thermal evolution of a granite batholith. The Variscan South Bohemian batholith (Germany, Austria, and Czech Republic) comprises a series of granitoid units that intruded between ca. 330 and ca. 300 Ma. We categorize the granitic rocks according to their emplacement temperature into very low temperature (T) (VLT; &lt;750 °C), low T (LT; 750–800 °C), medium T (MT; 800–850 °C), high T (HT; 850–900 °C), and ultrahigh T (UHT; &gt;900 °C). The first stage of batholith formation (ca. 330–325 Ma) is characterized by LT to MT melting of mainly metasedimentary sources driven by their isothermal exhumation. In turn, ca. 322 Ma HT and UHT granites in the southern half of the batholith reveal an ephemeral thermal anomaly in the subbatholithic crust, which is presumably linked to a hidden mafic intrusion. The HT and UHT granites are weakly peraluminous, high-K, I-type rocks. Although sharing some features with A-type granites such as high Zr and rare earth element contents, they differ from classical A-type granites in being magnesian, not enriched in Ga over Al, and having high Ba and Sr contents. A ring structure of ca. 317 Ma MT and/or LT plutons is observed around the HT and/or UHT granite complex and interpreted as an aftermath of the hotspot event. This study is an example of how deep-crustal hotspots, presumably caused by mantle magmatism, can significantly enhance the effects of decompressional crustal melting in a post-collisional setting.
Impact of a personalised, digital, HIV self-testing app-based program on linkages and new infections in the township populations of South Africa
Authors: Pai Nitika , Esmail Aliasgar , Saha Chaudhuri Paramita , Oelofse Suzette , Pretorius Marietjie , Marathe Gayatri , Daher Jana , Smallwood Megan , Karatzas Nicolaos , Fadul Mohammed , de Waal Anna , Engel Nora , Zwerling Alice Anne , Dheda Keertan 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionImplementation data for digital unsupervised HIV self-testing (HIVST) are sparse. We evaluated the impact of an app-based, personalised, oral HIVST program offered by healthcare workers in Western Cape, South Africa.MethodsIn a quasirandomised study (n=3095), we recruited consenting adults with undiagnosed HIV infection from township clinics. To the HIVST arm participants (n=1535), we offered a choice of an offsite (home, office or kiosk based), unsupervised digital HIVST program (n=962), or an onsite, clinic-based, supervised digital HIVST program (n=573) with 24/7 linkages services.With propensity score analyses, we compared outcomes (ie, linkages, new HIV infections and test referrals) with conventional HIV testing (ConvHT) arm participants (n=1560), recruited randomly from geographically separated clinics.ResultsIn both arms, participants were young (HIVST vs ConvHT) (mean age: 28.2 years vs 29.2 years), female (65.0% vs 76.0%) and had monthly income <3000 rand (80.8% vs 75%).Participants chose unsupervised HIVST (62.7%) versus supervised HIVST and reported multiple sex partners (10.88% vs 8.7%), exposure to sex workers (1.4% vs 0.2%) and fewer comorbidities (0.9% vs 1.9%). Almost all HIVST participants were linked (unsupervised HIVST (99.7%), supervised HIVST (99.8%) vs ConvHT (98.5%)) (adj RR 1.012; 95% CI 1.005 to 1.018) with new HIV infections: overall HIVST (9%); supervised HIVST (10.9%) and unsupervised HIVST (7.6%) versus ConvHT (6.79%) (adj RR 1.305; 95% CI 1.023 to 1.665); test referrals: 16.7% HIVST versus 3.1% ConvHT (adj RR 5.435; 95% CI 4.024 to 7.340).ConclusionsOur flexible, personalised, app-based HIVST program, offered by healthcare workers, successfully linked almost all HIV self-testers, detected new infections and increased referrals to self-test. Data are relevant for digital HIVST initiatives worldwide.
Fidelity, tolerability and safety of acute high-intensity interval
training after hospitalisation for COVID-19: a randomised cross-over
trial
Authors: Foged Frederik , Rasmussen Iben Elmerdahl , Bjørn Budde Josephine , Rasmussen Rasmus Syberg , Rasmussen Villads , Lyngbæk Mark , Jønck Simon , Krogh-Madsen Rikke , Lindegaard Birgitte , Ried-Larsen Mathias , Berg Ronan Martin Griffin , Christensen Regitse Højgaard 
Published: February 2022

Objectives. Many patients with COVID-19 suffer from persistent symptoms,
many of which may potentially be reversed by high-intensity interval
training (HIIT). Yet, the safety and tolerability of HIIT after COVID-19 is
controversial. This study aimed to investigate the fidelity, tolerability
and safety of three different HIIT protocols in individuals that had
recently been hospitalised due to COVID-19.
Methods. The study was a randomised cross-over trial. We compared three
supervised HIIT protocols (4×4, 6×1, 10-20-30) in 10 individuals recently
discharged after hospitalisation for severe COVID-19. Each HIIT protocol had
a duration of 38 min and was performed with a 1-week washout between them.
Outcomes included adverse events, exercise training intensity and
tolerability assessed by the Likert scale (1–10).
Results. All 10 participants aged 61 (mean, SD 8) years (5 males)
completed all three HIIT protocols with no adverse events. High intensities
were achieved in all three protocols, although they differed in terms of
time spent with a heart rate ≥85% of maximum (mean (SD); 4×4: 13.7 (6.4)
min; 10-20-30: 12.1 (3.8) min; 6×1: 6.1 (5.6) min; p=0.03). The three
protocols were all well tolerated with similar Likert scale scores (mean
(SD); 4×4: 8 (2), 10-20-30: 8 (2), 6×1: 9 (2), p=0.72).
Conclusion. Our findings indicate that recently hospitalised individuals
for severe COVID-19 may safely tolerate acute bouts of supervised HIIT as
per protocol. This warrants future studies testing the potential of regular
HIIT as a rehabilitation strategy in this context.
Lymphoma complicating rheumatoid arthritis: results from a French
case–control study
Authors: Kedra Joanna , Seror Raphaele , Dieudé Philippe , Constantin Arnaud , Toussirot Eric , Kfoury Elias , Masson Charles , Cornec Divi , Dubost Jean Jacques , Marguerie Laurent , Ottaviani Sebastien , Grados Franck , Belkhir Rakiba , Fain Olivier , Goupille Philippe , Sordet Christelle , Fautrel Bruno , Philippe Peggy , Piperno Muriel , Combe Bernard , Lambotte Olivier , Richez Christophe , Sellam Jérémie , Sené Thomas , Denis Guillaume , Lequerre Thierry , Lazure Thierry , Mariette Xavier , Nocturne Gaetane 
Published: February 2022

Objectives
To study the characteristics of B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL)
or Hodgkin lymphoma complicating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to
identify RA-related factors associated with their occurrence.

Methods
A multicentre case–control study was performed in France. Cases were
patients with RA fulfilling ACR-EULAR 2010 criteria in whom B-cell NHL
or Hodgkin lymphoma developed after the diagnosis of RA. For each case,
2 controls were assigned at random from the ESPOIR cohort and were
matched on age at lymphoma diagnosis (cases)/age at the 10-year
follow-up visit in the cohort (controls). Case and control
characteristics were compared to identify parameters associated with the
occurrence of lymphoma.

Results
54 cases were included and matched to 108 controls. Lymphomas were
mostly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL, n=27, 50.0%). On
immunochemistry, 4 of 27 (14.8%) lymphoma cases were positive for
Epstein-Barr virus. On univariate analysis, factors associated with the
occurrence of lymphoma were male sex (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.7 to 6.7),
positivity for ACPA (OR 5.1, 95% CI 2.0 to 15.7) and rheumatoid factor
(OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.6 to 12.2), and erosions on radiographs (OR 3.8, 95%
CI 1.7 to 8.3) and DAS28 (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.5 to 2.7), both at the time
of matching. Methotrexate, TNF blockers and a number of previous
biologics were not associated with the occurrence of lymphoma. On
multivariable analysis, erosions and DAS28 remained significantly
associated with increased risk of lymphoma.

Conclusion
Lymphomas complicating RA are mostly DLBCL. Risk of lymphoma in
patients with RA was increased with markers of disease activity and
severity, which supports the paradigm of a continuum between
autoimmunity and lymphomagenesis in RA.
PASCAL QUIGNARD ET L’ÂME ANCRÉE DANS L’INTERVALLE
Authors: Rodrigues Vinícius Dalben 
Published: February 2022

RÉSUMÉ : À partir de la structure éclatée sur laquelle s’appuie La leçon de musique de Pascal Quignard, le texte incite à la réflexion sur l'appréhension contemporaine du monde, où les notions d'écriture fragmentaire et de pensée intervallaire sont évoquées comme tentatives de re-configuration d'une totalité irreprésentable.
LINHA DO TEMPO DA DIDÁTICA DAS LÍNGUAS ESTRANGEIRAS NO BRASIL
Authors: Oliveira Renilson Santos 
Published: February 2022

Pretendemos, no presente artigo, traçar uma linha do tempo da didática das línguas estrangeiras no Brasil, com especial atenção à língua francesa, no que diz respeito à contribuição de cada metodologia ou abordagem de ensino de línguas, mas no cenário da presença do francês como idioma obrigatório no currículo da educação brasileira.