bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term mortality in heart failure with mid‐range ejection fraction: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Raja Deep Chandh , Samarawickrema Indira , Das Souvik , Mehta Abhinav , Tuan Lukah , Jain Sanjiv , Dixit Sanjay , Marchlinski Frank , Abhayaratna Walter P. , Sanders Prashanthan , Pathak Rajeev K 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsHeart failure patients with mid‐range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) have overlapping clinical features, compared with patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). We aim to perform a meta‐analysis of studies reporting long‐term outcomes in HFmrEF compared with HFrEF and HFpEF.Methods and resultsData from 18 eligible large‐scale studies including 126 239 patients were pooled. Patients with HFmrEF had a lower risk of all‐cause death than those with HFrEF [risk ratio (RR) = 0.92; 95% CI = 0.85–0.98; P < 0.001]. This significant difference was seen in the follow‐up at 1, 2, and 3 years. Patients with HFmrEF had significantly lower risk of cardiovascular (CV) deaths than HFrEF (RR = 0.77; 95% CI = 0.65–0.92; P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that studies recruiting >50% of males had higher risk of deaths with HFrEF (RR = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.04–1.26; P = 0.006). When compared with HFpEF, patients with HFmrEF had comparable risk of all‐cause death (RR = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.96–1.09; P = 0.53). Similarly, there were no differences in the 1, 2, and 3 year deaths; CV and non‐CV deaths were insignificant between HFmrEF and HFpEF.ConclusionsThe results of the study support that HFmrEF has better prognosis than HFrEF but similar prognosis when compared with HFpEF. Gender disparity between studies seems to influence the results between HFmrEF and HFrEF. Transition in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), which could not be addressed in the study, may play a decisive role in determining outcomes. PROSPERO review registration number CRD42021277107.
An exploration of linkage fine‐mapping on sequences from case‐control studies
Authors: Nickchi Payman , Karunarathna Charith , Graham Jinko 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLinkage analysis maps genetic loci for a heritable trait by identifying genomic regions with excess relatedness among individuals with similar trait values. Analysis may be conducted on related individuals from families, or on samples of unrelated individuals from a population. For allelically heterogeneous traits, population‐based linkage analysis can be more powerful than genotypic‐association analysis. Here, we focus on linkage analysis in a population sample, but use sequences rather than individuals as our unit of observation. Earlier investigations of sequence‐based linkage mapping relied on known sequence relatedness, whereas we infer relatedness from the sequence data. We propose two ways to associate similarity in relatedness of sequences with similarity in their trait values and compare the resulting linkage methods to two genotypic‐association methods. We also introduce a procedure to label case sequences as potential carriers or noncarriers of causal variants after an association has been found. This post hoc labeling of case sequences is based on inferred relatedness to other case sequences. Our simulation results indicate that methods based on sequence relatedness improve localization and perform as well as genotypic‐association methods for detecting rare causal variants. Sequence‐based linkage analysis therefore has potential to fine‐map allelically heterogeneous disease traits.
MoCA in five Indian languages: A brief screening tool to diagnose dementia and MCI in a linguistically diverse setting
Authors: Kaul Subhash , Paplikar Avanthi , Varghese Feba , Alladi Suvarna , Sharma Meenakshi , Dhaliwal R. S. , Goyal Sheetal , Saroja Aralikatte Onkarappa , Arshad Faheem , Divyaraj Gollahalli , Ghosh Amitabha , Iyer Gowri K. , J Sunitha , Khan Arfa Banu , Kandukuri Rajmohan , Mathew Robert , Mekala Shailaja , Menon Ramshekhar , Pauranik Apoorva , Nandi Ranita , Narayanan Jwala , Nehra Ashima , Padma M. V. , Ramakrishnan Subasree , Sarath Lekha , Shah Urvashi , Tripathi Manjari , Sylaja P. N. , Varma Ravi Prasad , Verma Mansi , Vishwanath Yeshaswini , Consortium I. C. M. R‐N. C. T. B 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroduction and ObjectivesEarly dementia diagnosis in low and middle‐income countries (LMIC) is challenging due to limited availability of brief, culturally appropriate, and psychometrically validated tests. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is one of the most widely used cognitive screening tests in primary and secondary care globally. In the current study, we adapted and validated MoCA in five Indian languages (Hindi, Bengali, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam) and determined the optimal cut‐off points that correspond to screening for clinical diagnosis of dementia and MCI.MethodsA systematic process of adaptation and modifications of MoCA was fulfilled. A total of 446 participants: 214 controls, 102 dementia, and 130 MCI were recruited across six centers.ResultsAcross five languages, the area under the curve for diagnosis of dementia varied from 0.89 to 0.98 and MCI varied from 0.73 to 0.96. The sensitivity, specificity and optimum cut‐off scores were established separately for five Indian languages.ConclusionsThe Indian adapted MoCA is standardized and validated in five Indian languages for early diagnosis of dementia and MCI in a linguistically and culturally diverse population.
Accimap and crowd flow in urban infrastructure: Case study of Elphinstone road railway station tragedy, Mumbai, India
Authors: Kant Vivek , Khobragade Aishwary 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe aim of this article is to show how Human Factors and Ergonomics (HFE) methods can be used to improve urban public infrastructure systems in densely populated countries, such as India. In this case, we use Accimap analysis with crowd flow approaches to inform safety and policy. We demonstrate the need for sociotechnical systemic safety by a case study of accident analysis of the Elphinstone Road railway station stampede. On September 29, 2017, the Elphinstone Road, Mumbai, India, railway platform bridge stampede killed at least 23 and injured 39 other commuters who traveled through the Mumbai Suburban railway. In this study, we understand the accident as it is presented in newspaper articles. We analyze the accident by a sociotechnical accident analysis method called the Accimap. The Accimap method helps by identification of various stakeholders and their interactions in the different levels of hierarchy in a sociotechnical system. This ensures moving away from individualistic and blame‐based accounts of media reporting to a coherent sociotechnical account based on understanding the dynamics of the situation. The findings from the Accimap analysis identify the problem areas in the commuter transit system and provide recommendations. These recommendations range from commuter flow management to enforcement of rules for supporting pedestrian flow. The article concludes with an emphasis on the development of the sociotechnical dimension of public safety and infrastructure from a human factors perspective, above and beyond what is currently practiced in India.
A unique hub‐and‐spoke model to optimize patient management in lymphoma using novel CAR‐T cell therapy in Southeast and South Asia
Authors: Wei Inng Lim Francesca Lorraine , Yunxin Chen , Huang Feng‐Ju , Khee Hwang William Ying 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNovel therapeutic options for cancer offer hope for patients and their families, particularly when the cancer has not responded to established treatment regimens. The CAR‐T cell therapeutic approach has changed the treatment paradigm for relapsed or refractory lymphoma, extending the capacity of the patient's own T cells to detect and eliminate cancer cells through genetic modification of T‐cell surface receptors. The process of establishing treatment centers and developing clinical expertize in this novel treatment strategy is complex. Time, resources, and a commitment to focusing health budgets on a new area are required. Currently, Singapore is the only country in southeast and south Asia with market authorization of the CAR‐T product, tisagenlecleucel. Availability of CAR‐T treatment across international borders provides patients in neighboring countries with choice in therapeutic options. This paper describes the unique hub‐and‐spoke cross‐border collaboration developed between Singapore and its neighbors to provide access to CAR‐T cell therapy for patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoma. To date in 2022, four patients have been included in the CAR‐T treatment cross‐border collaboration. Their stay in Singapore has been at least 2 months' duration, including the pre‐treatment evaluation, apheresis, CAR‐T cell infusion and post‐treatment monitoring. Patient support from referring and treating physicians, critical to the success of the undertaking, is characterized by early communication, patient selection, multi‐disciplinary care, post‐treatment monitoring, and attention to detail. The patient journey and the development and implementation of this unique collaboration are discussed.
Unsteady rotating MHD flow of a second‐grade hybrid nanofluid in a porous medium: Laplace and Sumudu transforms
Authors: Khan Dolat , Kumam Poom , Khan Ilyas , Sitthithakerngkiet Kanokwan , Khan Arshad , Ali Gohar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo control the complicated rheological behavior of fluid models, several mathematical approaches have been established. Empirical, statistical, iterative, and analytical approaches are used to study such mathematical models. Consequently, this paper provides an analytical analysis and assessment of the Laplace, and Sumudu transforms for the unsteady MHD flow prediction of a second‐grade hybrid nanofluid in a rotating frame. The mathematical model is built using a nonfractional technique with ramping conditions. To explore the velocity field and heat transfer, we used Laplace and Sumudu transforms to uncover the unseen characteristics of magnetized second‐grade hybrid nanofluid flow. For the purposes of comparison, a graphical picture is given that represents successful outcomes in the literature for the first time. In conclusion, numerical simulations show that the derived outlines of velocity and temperature fields using Sumudu and Laplace transformations correspond well. In addition, the variation of velocity of fluid against time is reported for ramped wall temperature, while it is constant for isothermal wall temperature.
A transient photoactivation of epidermal stem cells by femtosecond laser promotes skin wound healing
Authors: Hu Bijin , Zhao Xiaohui , Lu Yiting , Zhu Yujie , He Hao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWound healing is a long‐term complex process, in which epidermal stem cells (EPSCs) in epidermis of skin have been found to play an essential role in it. We develop a noninvasive method to activate EPSCs in skin in vivo to promote wound healing, based on a microscopic system to enable a sequential frame‐by‐frame scanning of a femtosecond laser at 800 nm to the predefined skin region for a single time for 16 seconds. The laser is tightly focused on a submicron spot and localized in the epidermis, and scans point by point to activate EPSCs there. The density and stemness of EPSCs are significantly enhanced for at least 60 hours after the single‐time transient photoactivation. We demonstrate this method works in a skin wound mouse model. Our results provide an optical method for in vivo EPSC activation and hold good potential in wound healing.
Phosphorus fertilizer form and application frequency affect soil P availability, chickpea yield, and P use efficiency under drip fertigation
Authors: Chtouki Mohamed , Naciri Rachida , Garré Sarah , Nguyen Frederic , Zeroual Youssef , Oukarroum Abdallah 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPhosphorus (P) fertilizer properties and nutrient management strategies substantially affect soil P availability as well as uptake and consequently crop yield.AimsThe present study aims to study the potential use of inorganic soluble polyphosphates (Poly‐P) as slow‐release fertilizer under drip fertigation.MethodsA pot experiment was conducted using an alkaline soil. Two Poly‐P fertilizers, differing in their polymerization rate (Poly‐53 with 53% and Poly‐100 with 100% Poly‐P of the total‐P content), were compared to an orthophosphate (Ortho‐P) and a treatment without P application (control) under three drip fertigation frequencies (Fsow: P fertilizer applied at sowing, Fweek: once a week, and F3days: every 3 days). Soil samples were taken at 40 days after sowing and at harvest from 3 layers (0–5, 5–10, and 10–20 cm) to determine P availability in soil (Olsen‐P) and its relocation into deeper soil layers. Furthermore, plant growth, yield, P uptake, P use efficiency, as well as water productivity were investigated.ResultsSoil P availability varied significantly between fertilizer forms and fertigation frequencies. At higher polymerization rate of the Poly‐P fertilizer, P becomes less mobile in the soil, but its availability is maintained until harvest. The analysis of Olsen‐P at harvest showed that the higher P availability in soil was obtained with Poly‐P forms with higher values in the 0–5 and 5–10 cm soil layers than in the 10–20 cm. In addition, weekly fertigation (Fweek) revealed the best results in terms of P availability compared to other P fertigation regimes, and all P fertilizers significantly improved chickpea grain yield, seed quality, and water productivity, compared to the unfertilized control.ConclusionPoly‐P fertilizers can be recommended as an effective source of phosphorus for plants, due to their slow‐release properties. Using Poly‐P, the frequency of P application through the drip fertigation system can be reduced while ensuring high crop yields.
Long‐term follow‐up experience with adjuvant therapy after irreversible electroporation of locally advanced pancreatic cancer
Authors: Thomas Alexander S. , Kwon Wooil , Horowitz David P. , Bates Susan E. , Fojo Antonio T. , Manji Gulam A. , Schreibman Stephen , Schrope Beth A. , Chabot John A. , Kluger Michael D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIrreversible electroporation (IRE) expands the surgical options for patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. This study evaluated for differences in survival stratified by type of IRE and receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy.MethodsPatients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer treated by IRE (2012–2020) were retrospectively included. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) were compared by type of IRE (in situ for local tumor control or IRE of potentially positive margins with resection) and by receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy.ResultsThirty‐nine patients had IRE in situ, 61 had IRE for margin extension, and 19 received adjuvant chemotherapy. Most (97.00%) underwent induction chemotherapy. OS was 28.71 months (interquartile range [IQR] 19.17, 51.19) from diagnosis, with no difference by IRE type (hazard ratio [HR] 1.05 for margin extension [p = 0.85]) or adjuvant chemotherapy (HR 1.14 [p = 0.639]). RFS was 8.51 months (IQR 4.95, 20.17) with no difference by IRE type (HR 0.90 for margin extension [p = 0.694]) or adjuvant chemotherapy (HR 0.90 [p = 0.711]).ConclusionThese findings suggest that adjuvant therapy may have limited benefit for patients treated with induction chemotherapy followed by local control with IRE for unresectable pancreatic cancer. Further study of the duration and timing of systemic therapy is warranted to maximize benefit and limit toxicity.
Corrosion of aluminium in ordinary Portland cement paste: Influence of matrix porosity and the presence of LiNO3 corrosion inhibitor
Authors: Caes Sebastien , Gurning Alfred C. , Li Xiang , de Souza Valdir , Kursten Bruno 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Belgian reactor 1 fuel cladding is made of aluminium. If disposed of in a geological disposal repository, aluminium could come into contact with ordinary Portland cement and is going to corrode to form hydrogen gas and aluminium hydroxide. In this study, the long‐term corrosion was evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy on metal embedded in cement paste immersed in saturated calcium hydroxide solution under anaerobic conditions. Mass transfer effects were investigated by embedding aluminium in cement paste with two different porosities. LiNO3 was also added to the systems to study its corrosion inhibiting effect. After high initial values, the corrosion rate rapidly declined to reach a steady state after a few days. After ~100 days, the corrosion rate was the lowest when cement paste possessing a low porosity with the addition of LiNO3 was used and the highest when cement paste with high porosity without LiNO3 was used. Finally, scanning electron microscopy–energy X‐ray dispersive spectroscopy revealed that the corrosion product layer was thicker than expected by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements, while it is only composed of aluminium and oxygen. Aluminium was found to diffuse into the cement paste close to this corrosion product layer.
Iron and steel corrosion mechanisms in a carbonate rich pore water: Multiscale characterization of the corrosion product layers
Authors: Lotz Hélène , Neff Delphine , Mercier‐Bion Florence , Bataillon Christian , Dillmann Philippe , Gardes Emmanuel , Monnet Isabelle 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCorrosion experiments were performed on a ferrito‐pearlitic (P285‐NH) and a ferritic steel (Armco) in a synthetic solution representing the Callovo‐Oxfordian porewater during a month at 120°C. Corrosion product layers (CPLs) were characterized from micro to nanoscale in terms of morphology (electron microscopies), composition (energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy), and structure (µ‐Raman, selected area electron diffraction). Both systems present a Ca‐siderite bilayer which interface locates the metal original surface, and nano to micrometric magnetite islets on the internal carbonated layer and at the M/CPL interface. The impact of cementite is highlighted in terms of morphology of the CPL and corrosion mechanism.
A Placebo‐Controlled Study to Assess the Sensitivity of Finger Tapping to Medication Effects in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Thijssen Eva , Makai‐Bölöni Soma , van Brummelen Emilie , den Heijer Jonas , Yavuz Yalcin , Doll Robert‐Jan , Groeneveld Geert Jan 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundMovement Disorder Society–Unified Parkinson's Rating Scale Part III (MDS‐UPDRS III) is the gold standard for assessing medication effects in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, short and rater‐independent measurements would be ideal for future trials.ObjectivesTo assess the ability of 3 different finger tapping tasks to detect levodopa/carbidopa‐induced changes over time and to determine their correlation and compare their discriminatory power with MDS‐UPDRS III.MethodsThis was a randomized, double‐blind, crossover study in 20 patients with PD receiving levodopa/carbidopa and placebo capsules after overnight medication withdrawal. Pre‐ and up to 3.5 hours postdose, MDS‐UPDRS III and tapping tasks were performed. Tasks included 2 touchscreen‐based alternate finger tapping tasks (index finger versus index–middle finger tapping) and a thumb–index finger task using a goniometer.ResultsIn the alternate index finger tapping task, levodopa/carbidopa compared with placebo resulted in significantly faster (total taps: 12.5 [95% confidence interval, CI, 6.7–18.2]) and less accurate tapping (total spatial error: 240 mm [95% CI, 123–357 mm]) with improved rhythm (intertap interval standard deviation [SD], −16.3% [95% CI, −29.9% to 0.0%]). In the thumb–index finger task, tapping was significantly faster (mean opening velocity, 151 degree/s [64–237 degree/s]), with a higher mean amplitude (8.4 degrees [3.7–13.0 degrees]) and improved rhythm (intertap interval SD, −46.4% [95% CI, −63.7% to −20.9%]). The speed‐related endpoints showed a moderate‐to‐strong correlation with the MDS‐UPDRS III (r = 0.45–0.70). The effect sizes of total taps and spatial error in the alternate index finger tapping task and opening velocity in the thumb–index finger task were comparable with the MDS‐UPDRS III. In contrast, the MDS‐UPDRS III performed better than the alternate index–middle finger task.ConclusionThe alternate index finger and the thumb–index finger tapping tasks provide short, rater‐independent measurements that are sensitive to levodopa/carbidopa effects with a similar effect size as the MDS‐UPDRS III.
Comparative assessment of noise properties for two deep learning CT image reconstruction techniques and filtered back projection
Authors: Kawashima Hiroki , Ichikawa Katsuhiro , Takata Tadanori , Seto Issei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundTwo deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) techniques from two different computed tomography (CT) vendors have recently been introduced into clinical practice.PurposeTo characterize the noise properties of two DLIR techniques with different training methods, using a phantom containing a simple uniform and a complex non‐uniform region.MethodsA water‐bath phantom with a diameter of 300 mm was used as a base phantom. A textured phantom with a diameter of 128 mm, which was made of two materials, one equivalent to water and the other being 12 mg/ml diluted iodine, irregularly mixed to create a complex texture (non‐uniform region), was placed in the base phantom. Thirty repeated phantom scans were performed using two CT scanners (Revolution CT with Apex Edition, GE Healthcare; Aquilion One PRISM Edition, Canon Medical Systems) at two dose levels (CT dose index: 5 and 15 mGy). Images were reconstructed with each CT system's filtered back projection (FBP) and DLIR [TrueFidelity (TF), GE Healthcare; Advanced intelligent Clear‐IQ Engine Body Sharp (AC), Canon Medical Systems] for three process strengths. For basic characteristics of noise, the standard deviation (SD) and noise power spectrum (NPS) were measured for the uniform (water) region. A noise magnitude map was generated by calculating the inter‐image SD at each pixel position across the 30 images. Then, a noise reduction map (NRM), which visualizes the relative differences in noise magnitude between FBP and DLIR, was calculated. The NRM values ranged from 0.0 to 1.0. A low NRM value represents a less aggressive noise reduction. The histograms of the NRM value were analyzed for the uniform and non‐uniform regions.ResultsThe reduction in noise magnitude compared with FBP tended to be greater with AC (45%–85%) than with TF (32%–65%). The average NPS frequencies of TF and AC were almost comparable to those of FBP, except for the low‐dose condition and the high noise reduction strength for AC. The NRM values of TF and AC were higher in the uniform region than in the non‐uniform region. In the non‐uniform region, TF's average NRM values (0.21–0.48) tended to be lower than AC's (0.39–0.78). The histograms for TF showed a small overlap between the uniform and the non‐uniform regions; in contrast, those for AC showed a greater overlap. This difference seems to indicate that TF processes the uniform and non‐uniform regions more differently than AC does.ConclusionThis study has revealed a distinct difference in characteristics between the two DLIR techniques: TF tends to offer less aggressive noise reduction in non‐uniform regions and preserve the original signals, whereas AC tends to prioritize noise filtering over edge‐preservation, especially at the low‐dose condition and with the high noise reduction strength.