bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitudes and beliefs towards low back pain (LBP) among physiotherapists in Spain
Authors: Pérez Sebastián Eustaquio Martín , González Lucía Llanos , Acevedo Irene Acosta , Barrera Raúl Bilbao , Pérez José Luis Alonso , Romero Eleuterio Atanasio Sánchez , Reina María Dolores Sosa , Pérez Isidro Miguel Martín , Villafañe Jorge Hugo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study is to investigate the attitudes and beliefs of Spanish physiotherapists towards the diagnosis and management of low back pain (LBP). A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted according to STROBE guidelines from December 18, 2021, to May 2022. An online survey was developed based on Pain Attitudes and Beliefs Scale for Physiotherapists (PABS-PT), a reliable and validated self-administered instrument developed to assess the strength of two possible treatment orientations of physiotherapists towards the diagnosis and management of LBP. Respondents were selected through a non-probabilistic convenience sampling technique, and the selection criteria were (1) active physiotherapists with no restrictions on gender and length of service, (2) physical therapists who have worked in both public and private environments, and (3) physiotherapists who have been officially registered with no restriction on the place of practice in Spain. Survey data was obtained and analyzed using the SPSS Statistic 28 (IBM®) statistical software.

Results
Three hundred eighty-one questionnaires were finally included (F;n=151, M;n=230). In relation to the diagnosis, the respondents indicated that the tissue damage was sufficient to explain widespread and lasting pain, but rather that it was due to psychological factors. In addition, for those surveyed, the diagnosis should not focus exclusively on imaging tests but on clinical symptoms and signs. However, the weak relationship between objective damage and perceived pain intensity, as well as the weak relationship between posture and the development or worsening of LBP, did not seem to be clear to physiotherapists. From the point of view of treatment, we can indicate that professionals are committed to maintaining adequate and individualized physical activity as a first-line treatment in pain management.

Conclusions
Most physiotherapists in Spain have up-to-date knowledge of the biopsychosocial model of pain care. However, regarding attitudes and beliefs towards LBP, there are still contents and behaviors based on spine protective paradigms that are not conducive to active pain management.
Rare FGFR Oncogenic Alterations in Sequenced Pediatric Solid and Brain Tumors Suggest FGFR Is a Relevant Molecular Target in Childhood Cancer
Authors: Lazo De La Vega Lorena , Comeau Hannah , Sallan Sarah , Al-Ibraheemi Alyaa , Gupta Hersh , Li Yvonne Y. , Tsai Harrison K. , Kang Wenjun , Ward Abigail , Church Alanna J. , Kim AeRang , Pinto Navin R. , Macy Margaret E. , Maese Luke D. , Sabnis Amit J. , Cherniack Andrew D. , Lindeman Neal I. , Anderson Megan E. , Cooney Tabitha M. , Yeo Kee Kiat , Reaman Gregory H. , DuBois Steven G. , Collins Natalie B. , Johnson Bruce E. , Janeway Katherine A. , Forrest Suzanne J. 
Published: November 2022

PURPOSE Multiple FGFR inhibitors are currently in clinical trials enrolling adults with different solid tumors, while very few enroll pediatric patients. We determined the types and frequency of FGFR alterations ( FGFR1-4) in pediatric cancers to inform future clinical trial design. METHODS Tumors with FGFR alterations were identified from two large cohorts of pediatric solid tumors subjected to targeted DNA sequencing: The Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Profile Study (n = 888) and the multi-institution GAIN/iCAT2 (Genomic Assessment Improves Novel Therapy) Study (n = 571). Data from the combined patient population of 1,395 cases (64 patients were enrolled in both studies) were reviewed and cases in which an FGFR alteration was identified by OncoPanel sequencing were further assessed. RESULTS We identified 41 patients with tumors harboring an oncogenic FGFR alteration. Median age at diagnosis was 8 years (range, 6 months-26 years). Diagnoses included 11 rhabdomyosarcomas, nine low-grade gliomas, and 17 other tumor types. Alterations included gain-of-function sequence variants (n = 19), amplifications (n = 10), oncogenic fusions ( FGFR3:: TACC3 [n = 3], FGFR1:: TACC1 [n = 1], FGFR1:: EBF2 [n = 1], FGFR1:: CLIP2 [n = 1], and FGFR2:: CTNNA3 [n = 1]), pathogenic-leaning variants of uncertain significance (n = 4), and amplification in combination with a pathogenic-leaning variant of uncertain significance (n = 1). Two novel FGFR1 fusions in two different patients were identified in this cohort, one of whom showed a response to an FGFR inhibitor. CONCLUSION In summary, activating FGFR alterations were found in approximately 3% (41/1,395) of pediatric solid tumors, identifying a population of children with cancer who may be eligible and good candidates for trials evaluating FGFR-targeted therapy. Importantly, the genomic and clinical data from this study can help inform drug development in accordance with the Research to Accelerate Cures and Equity for Children Act.
Posterodorsal Medial Amygdala Urocortin-3, GABA, and Glutamate Mediate Suppression of LH Pulsatility in Female Mice
Authors: Ivanova Deyana , Li Xiao-Feng , McIntyre Caitlin , O’Byrne Kevin T 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The posterodorsal subnucleus of the medial amygdala (MePD) is an upstream modulator of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axes. Inhibition of MePD urocortin-3 (Ucn3) neurons prevents psychological stress–induced suppression of luteinizing hormone (LH) pulsatility while blocking the stress-induced elevations in corticosterone (CORT) secretion in female mice. We explore the neurotransmission and neural circuitry suppressing the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse generator by MePD Ucn3 neurons and we further investigate whether MePD Ucn3 efferent projections to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) control CORT secretion and LH pulsatility. Ucn3-cre-tdTomato female ovariectomized (OVX) mice were unilaterally injected with adeno-associated virus (AAV)-channelrhodopsin 2 (ChR2) and implanted with optofluid cannulae targeting the MePD. We optically activated Ucn3 neurons in the MePD with blue light at 10 Hz and monitored the effect on LH pulses. Next, we combined optogenetic stimulation of MePD Ucn3 neurons with pharmacological antagonism of GABAA or GABAB receptors with bicuculline or CGP-35348, respectively, as well as a combination of NMDA and AMPA receptor antagonists, AP5 and CNQX, respectively, and observed the effect on pulsatile LH secretion. A separate group of Ucn3-cre-tdTomato OVX mice with 17β-estradiol replacement were unilaterally injected with AAV-ChR2 in the MePD and implanted with fiber-optic cannulae targeting the PVN. We optically stimulated the MePD Ucn3 efferent projections in the PVN with blue light at 20 Hz and monitored the effect on CORT secretion and LH pulses. We reveal for the first time that activation of Ucn3 neurons in the MePD inhibits GnRH pulse generator frequency via GABA and glutamate signaling within the MePD, while MePD Ucn3 projections to the PVN modulate the HPG and HPA axes.
Different Effects of Once-weekly and Once-daily Administered GLP-1RA Semaglutide and Liraglutide on Bile Acid Diarrhea
Authors: Kårhus Martin Lund , Knudsen Elisabeth , Knop Filip Krag 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Bile acid diarrhea (BAD) is a socially debilitating disease. Typical symptoms include loose stools, urgency, and high stool frequency. Recently, we reported the superior efficacy of the glucagon like-peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) liraglutide (administered subcutaneously once daily) in reducing daily bowel movements compared with the traditionally used bile acid sequestrant colesevelam (considered the standard of care). This has generated proposals of testing longer acting and more potent GLP-1RAs for treating BAD. Here, we present a patient with severe BAD who experienced minimal effect of the once-weekly administered GLP-1RA semaglutide, but total remission of BAD symptoms during treatment with liraglutide.
Extensive Osteonecrosis After Glucocorticoids: Clinical Response to Bisphosphonate
Authors: Subbu Karthik , Renner Jordan B , Rubin Janet E 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Osteonecrosis is a devastating complication of long-term glucocorticoid therapy that has been described in both malignant and nonmalignant diseases. Its incidence has been found to greater than 50% using magnetic resonance imaging in asymptomatic patients, thus osteonecrosis is likely underdiagnosed. Recent studies have suggested that treatment with bisphosphonates can improve pain and mobility and decrease bone marrow edema. We describe a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who presented with debilitating osteonecrosis after treatment with prednisone for a total cumulative dose of 5100 mg. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed extensive infarcts of her bilateral tibiae and femora and left humerus, talus, and calcaneus consistent with osteonecrosis that had persisted for more than 2 years. Her severe knee, shoulder, and ankle pain was treated with 1 dose zolendronic acid. Despite a prolonged acute phase reaction, the patient's symptoms improved with near total resolution of pain.
Insulin Requirements in Untreated Acromegaly: From 200 to 0
Authors: Goldstein Michael B , Bellavia Lauren , Kurian Tiffany , Klek Stanislaw 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We describe a patient with acromegaly presenting in diabetic ketoacidosis who was able to achieve euglycemia despite discontinuation of all antihyperglycemic therapy prior to surgical or medical treatment for his acromegaly. No previous cases of acromegaly presenting in diabetic ketoacidosis have reported glycemic normalization without antihyperglycemic therapy prior to acromegaly treatment. Our case highlights this unique outcome and postulates that pancreatic β-cell resiliency may be influential on insulin resistance since our patient achieved euglycemia despite a persistent state of excess growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1. Our case further emphasizes that consideration for acromegaly should be given in patients presenting with severe insulin resistance and pertinent medical history and physical examination features, and it emphasizes the dramatic range of insulin requirements in patients with acromegaly.
Pseudo Primary Aldosteronism as Initial Presentation of Ectopic ACTH Syndrome in Metastatic Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Shakesprere Jonathan , El Naili Reima , Sadiq Mehjabeen , Haider Adnan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEctopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting syndrome (EAS) is a rare but often aggressive paraneoplastic syndrome. Patients with EAS typically present with high ACTH levels and rapid clinical progression in the setting of acute cortisol elevation, which can delay diagnosis due to a lack of typical Cushingoid features. High levels of ACTH have also been shown to stimulate the adrenal zona glomerulosa to oversecrete aldosterone. We present the case of a 58-year-old male individual presenting with new-onset hypertension and severe metabolic alkalosis with spontaneous hypokalemia, in the setting of elevated aldosterone and low renin levels, suggestive of primary aldosteronism. Subsequent biochemical testing, imaging, and pathology, however, revealed suppression of aldosterone with evidence of hypercortisolism in the setting of metastatic small cell lung cancer. This was, therefore, suggestive of pseudo primary aldosteronism in the setting of a paraneoplastic ectopic ACTH-producing syndrome. This case highlights that hypercortisolism, in the setting of EAS, can initially present with a clinical picture suggestive of hyperaldosteronism. The use of a dexamethasone suppression test can allow the clinician to differentiate between idiopathic bilateral adrenal hyperplasia and ectopic ACTH syndrome.
Love and Other Injustices
Authors: Dave Naisargi N. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this article, Naisargi N. Dave examines the relationship between animals and love in India, animals and love in multispecies anthropology, and between ethics and love more generally. She argues that ahimsa (nonviolence) and love share the characteristic of abnegating moral responsibility beyond the self and its attachments. Thus, Dave argues, against some strains of contemporary political thought, love is not the antithesis to ethical indifference but its very ground. Love is an indifference to all that does not accomplish its lovability. Dave's offering of an alternative interspecies ethic is what she calls indifference to difference—or “being in difference”—and she locates shades of this immanent ethic in precolonial South Asian conceptions of love as well as in a prenationalist revolutionary philosophy of ahimsa. Dave claims that love is an injustice because when we love it is the one or ones who are special to us that we save. She argues instead for an impassioned ethics without love: an indifference to difference.
Reevaluating the relationship between EGL-43 (EVI1) and LIN-12 (Notch) during C. elegans anchor cell invasion
Authors: Martinez Michael A. Q. , Mullarkey Angelina A. , Yee Callista , Zhao Chris Z. , Zhang Wan , Shen Kang , Matus David Q. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Development of the Caenorhabditis elegans reproductive tract is orchestrated by the anchor cell (AC). This occurs in part through a cell invasion event that connects the uterine and vulval tissues. Several key transcription factors regulate AC invasion, such as EGL-43, HLH-2, and NHR-67. Specifically, these transcription factors function together to maintain the post-mitotic state of the AC, a requirement for AC invasion. Recently, a mechanistic connection has been made between loss of EGL-43 and AC cell-cycle entry. The current model states that EGL-43 represses LIN-12 (Notch) expression to prevent AC proliferation, suggesting that Notch signaling has mitogenic effects in the invasive AC. To reexamine the relationship between EGL-43 and LIN-12, we first designed and implemented a heterologous co-expression system called AIDHB that combines the auxin-inducible degron (AID) system of plants with a live cell-cycle sensor based on human DNA helicase B (DHB). After validating AIDHB using AID-tagged GFP, we sought to test it by using AID-tagged alleles of egl-43 and lin-12. Auxin-induced degradation of either EGL-43 or LIN-12 resulted in the expected AC phenotypes. Lastly, we seized the opportunity to pair AIDHB with RNAi to co-deplete LIN-12 and EGL-43, respectively, which revealed that LIN-12 is not required for AC proliferation following loss of EGL-43.
CD10 expression in urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma is associated with high-tumor grade and stage
Authors: Al-Maghrabi Jaudah Ahmed 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Primary urinary bladder carcinoma is a common cancer worldwide. There is limited published data about CD10 immunoexpression pattern in urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC). This study aims to examine CD10 immunoexpression in UBC and evaluate its relationship with clinicopathological parameters.
Methods: The retrospective study examined 130 samples of UBC tissue and 30 samples of non-neoplastic urothelial bladder tissue, which were obtained from the Anatomic Pathology Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The project started in June 2019 and completed in February 2021. Tissue microarrays (TMA) were prepared from paraffin blocks and tissue sections prepared from the recipient blocks were used for immunohistochemistry studies utilizing CD10 antibody. The immunostaining results were recorded and analyzed.
Results: Positive staining of CD10 was observed in 64 (49%) cases of UBC and was not detected in any non-neoplastic urothelium samples. CD10-positive staining was identified in 36.7% and 66.7% of low and high-grade tumors, respectively. There was an association between positive CD10 immunostaining and high tumor grade (p=0.006) and muscularis propria invasion (p=0.007). There was no association between CD10 immunoexpression and age, gender, nodal and distant metastasis, lymphovascular invasion, and tumor recurrence. CD10 immunoexpression was not associated with the probabilities of overall survival (log rank 1.663, p=0.197) or disease-free survival (log rank 1.637, p=0.201).
Conclusions: In UBC, CD10 immunoexpression is associated with higher tumor grade and muscle invasion, but it is not associated with patient survival or other clinicopathological parameters. CD10 immunoexpression cannot be used as a biomarker for poor prognosis in UBC.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6268
How to cite this: Al-Maghrabi J. CD10 expression in urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma is associated with high-tumor grade and stage. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6268
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Glomus jugulare tumors treatment by gamma knife radiosurgery: A single center study
Authors: Kalhoro Aurangzeb , Hashim Abdul Sattar M 
Published: November 2022

Objective: Glomus jugulare tumor are benign vascular tumors and surgical resection is almost impossible. We have treated these tumors by Gamma knife radiosurgery and share our experience.
Methods: This study was conducted at the Neurospinal and Cancer Care Institute, Karachi from January 2010 to May 2020. Thirty-four patients with glomus jugulare tumors treated with gamma knife radiosurgery were included in the study. The comprehensive clinical and demographic characteristics of all patients were collected through a manually designed questionnaire. Computed tomography, digital subtraction angiography and magnetic resonance imaging were used to make the diagnosis. Data was incorporated and analyzed by SPSS version 26.
Results: A total of 34 patients were included in the study of which 16(47%) were males and 18(53%) were females with first follow up after 6-month up to two year clinical and radiological follow-up. The mean age of the patients was 42.5±13.5 with a minimum age of 20 years and maximum age of 65 years. The KPS scale was 2.09±0.45 and the volume of the tumor was 33.8±22.5 cm3. The improvement was shown in 27 patients of which 14 were males and 13 were females showing insignificance post radiation change. Of all 34 patients, the outcome was recorded as 3(9%) for excellent, 22(64%) for good, 6(17%) for fair and 3(9%) were poor results.
Conclusions: Gamma Knife radiosurgery is a safe and effective primary therapy and salvage therapy for residual and recurrent cases of glomus jugulare and tympanicum tumors.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6590
How to cite this: Kalhoro A, Hashim ASM. Glomus jugulare tumors treatment by gamma knife radiosurgery: A single center study. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6590
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ngsJulia: population genetic analysis of next-generation DNA sequencing data with Julia language
Authors: Mas-Sandoval Alex , Jin Chenyu , Fracassetti Marco , Fumagalli Matteo 
Published: November 2022

A sound analysis of DNA sequencing data is important to extract meaningful information and infer quantities of interest. Sequencing and mapping errors coupled with low and variable coverage hamper the identification of genotypes and variants and the estimation of population genetic parameters. Methods and implementations to estimate population genetic parameters from sequencing data available nowadays either are suitable for the analysis of genomes from model organisms only, require moderate sequencing coverage, or are not easily adaptable to specific applications. To address these issues, we introduce ngsJulia, a collection of templates and functions in Julia language to process short-read sequencing data for population genetic analysis. We further describe two implementations, ngsPool and ngsPloidy, for the analysis of pooled sequencing data and polyploid genomes, respectively. Through simulations, we illustrate the performance of estimating various population genetic parameters using these implementations, using both established and novel statistical methods. These results inform on optimal experimental design and demonstrate the applicabil- ity of methods in ngsJulia to estimate parameters of interest even from low coverage sequencing data. ngsJulia provide users with a flexible and efficient framework for ad hoc analysis of sequencing data.ngsJulia is available from: https://github.com/mfumagalli/ngsJulia
The effect of red yeast rice on delayed union fracture in animal model: a molecular study of IL-6, BMP-2, VEGF, BALP, and N-Mid-OC in fracture healing
Authors: Nefihancoro Udi Heru , Hartono Hartono , Indarto Dono , Kurniawan Aryadi 
Published: November 2022

Background As serious fracture complications, delayed union and non-union are parts of complications from fracture healing. Growth factors such as BMP-2, VEGF, proinflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and bone formation BALP, N-Mid-OC are important regulators of the fracture healing process. Red yeast rice (RYR), produced by fermenting Monascus purpureus rice, monacolin K, which is the main ingredient in RYR, was found to play a major role in the anti-inflammatory process and increasing the proliferation of osteoblast in osteoporosis cases. This study aims to examine the effect of RYR in the fracture healing process in delayed union rats through molecular studies of levels of IL-6, BMP- 2, VEGF, BALP, and N-Mid-OC. Methods This study was experimental research that used male rats (Rattus novergicus) which were divided into a control and 3 treatment groups using a random sampling method. Group 1 was given orally 25 mg/kg, Group 2 was 50 mg/kg, Group 3 was 100 mg/kg, and the control group was given a placebo. The rats were then subjected to a delayed union fracture model. Observations were made for two periods on the 14th and 28th days. Results There were no significant differences in serology examination between days 0 and 14 between groups. However, there were significant differences between groups on day 28. IL-6, BMP-2, VEGF, BALP, and N-Mid-OC on day 28 between groups (p<0.001). The group with 100 mg/kg RYR extract was found to be the most influencing serology marker level. RYR 100 mg/kg significantly decreased IL-6, and increased BMP-2, VEGF, BALP, and N-Mid-Osteocalcin, thus enhancing the fracture healing process in the delayed union rats model. Conclusion A red yeast rice dose of 100 mg/KgBW significantly reduced IL-6, increased BMP-2, VEGF, BALP, N-Mid-OC, and RUST Score so as to improve the fracture healing process in delayed union rats.