bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contact Toxicity of Seven Insecticides To Rose Chafer Adults, 1976
Authors: Williams Roger N. , Niemczyk Harry D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Adults of the rose chafer were collected from grape blossom buds in a sandy area near North Kingsville, Ohio, just prior to bloom. These insects were brought to O.A.R.D.C. to test their susceptibility to a broad range of insecticides. They were held 24 hr at the holding conditions indicated below, prior to being treated. Methoxychlor had given poor results in the area of collection. Stock solutions (1%) of all materials tested were prepared from technical grade materials using a mixture of acetone and olive o i l , 19:1 (vol/vol), as the solvent. Two replicates of 10 beetles each, selected at random, were anesthetized with ether and placed on filter paper in 9-cm glass petri dishes. Each replicate was sprayed with 5 ml of the insecticides at one of the concentrations in a Potter spray tower. Checks consisted of 2 sets of 10 beetles each sprayed with the solvent. Treated beetles were removed from petri dishes and placed in paper cups with a moist wick of 5% honey-water and covered with a glass petri dish and held at 24° t 1,5°C and 6 0% RH. Treatments were made on June 17 and mortality readings were made 24 hours later.
Potato Insect Control, Grand Forks, North Dakota, 1976
Authors: Robinson Dwight P. , Radcliffe Edward B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
'Norgold Pontiac' potatoes were planted May 15, 1976 at the Red River Valley Potato Growers Research Farm in single row plots, 33 ft long with 4 replications. The soil type was Bearden silfy-clay with approximately 5% O. M. Polyram fungicidal sprays were applied every 2 weeks throughout the season. Systemic insecticides were applied as in-furrow, split-band treatments at planting. Foliar insecticidal sprays were made July 20, August 5, and August 19, except SD 43775 sprays were not applied August 19. Applications were made at approximately 40 psi using a 3 gal, pressure-type sprayer with a single cone nozzle, 3 passes/row, and 132 gal water/acre. Potato leafhopper nymphs and potato aphid apterae from 35 leaves/plot were counted the day following spray application.
Sugarbeet Root Maggdt Control, St. Thomas, North Dakota, 1971
Authors: Frye R. D. , Lundquist J. E. , Anderson A. W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Insecticide treatments were replicated 4 times in randomized - complete block rests at each of 3 locations. The soil in the plots ranged from a silty loam to a silty clay loam. All had a pH of approximately 7 and 5-8% organic matter. Beets were planted May 7, Hand 19. Pre-fly emergence treatments were applied May 11, 14 and 21, and post-fly emergence treatments were applied June 7, 14 and 15. Peak fly emergence occurred June 12. Plots consisted of six 100 ft rows spaced 22 inches apart. The insecticides were applied in 7 inch bands over each of the 4 center rows in the plots. Liquid materials were applied in 18 gals of water/acre with 8002E nozzles at 40 psi. Applications were made at 3 mph. The insecticides were lightly Incor- porated into the soil with drag chains (1 3/4 in. links) during application. Weather conditions during the investigations were generally good J for beet growth and insecticide application. Significant rain fell after treatments were applied. Data consisted of yields from 30 ft from row j 3 (from the left) in each plot at harvest. All observations were transformed byX and analysed by analysis of variance and Duncan's new multiple range test. Although there was variation in maggot numbers from plot to plot and within plots, it was assumed that the infestations J were of sufficient numbers to provide satisfactory data. The ave from 384 beets from untreated rows was 9.21 maggots/beet.
Wireworm Control on Sweet Potatoes, Lenoir County, 1978
Authors: Sorensen Kenneth A. , Thompson Michael L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
'Jewel' sweet potatoes were transplanted on Jun 8, near Kinston, NC. Shell DD at 15 gal/acre was used for nematode control. 1500 lbs of 10-10-20 fertilizer were applied at planting and 200 lbs of Nitrate of soda 16% were applied at layby. Plots consisted of three 50-ft rows arranged in a randomized complete block design replicated 4 times. Treatments were applied on either Jul 24 or Aug 1. Granular insecticides were applied in a 2—ft band with a hand shaker jar. Watering cans were used to “water in#x201D; certain treatments at a rate equivalent to 100 gallons/acre. Potatoes were harvested on Oct 3. Wireworm damage was evaluated by scoring 25 roots selected at random from the middle row of each plot. Damage classes were: 0 = no damage, 1 = 1 hole, 2 = 2-4 holes, 3 = 5 or more holes/sweet potato. The total number of roots in each damage class/plot was then multiplied by a damage factor. Flea beetle damage was negligible.
Apple, Summer Mite Control, 1979
Authors: Forsythe H. Y. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Test materials were applied to apple trees at MonmounS, Maine, as dilute sprays with a handgun from a hydraulic sprayer operating at 100 psi. In Test 1, 14-yr-old trees were sprayed at a rate of 600 gal/A; in Test 2, 18-yr-old trees were treated at 300 gal/A; and in Test 3, the rate was 200 gal/A for 23-yr-old trees. Spray dates were Jul 6 and 13 (Test 1), and Jul 20 and 27 (Tests 2 and 3); each material was applied on both dates for the respective tests. The fungicide and insecticide program (rates are per 100 gal) during rhe course of these acaricide tests consisted of captan 80W (1 to 1.25 lb) on 3 dates and imidan 50W (1 lb) on ca. Jul 18, 30 and Aug 15. There were no tank-mixtures of acaricides with other pesticides. There were 4 single-tree replications per treatmert. A randomized complete block design was utilized with 2 Golden Delicious and 2 Red Delicious cultivars per treatment in Test 1, 4 Golden Delicious per treatment in Test 2, and 4 Red Delicious per treatment in Test 3. From each tree 25 leaves were collected mostly at chest-height around the periphery of the tree, brought into the laboratory, and the mites brushed onto glass plates coated with a Tween 20-alcohol mixture; mites were counted the same day. Mite population pressure was heavy in Aug except in Test 3. On the prespray date, egg populations ranged from 40 to 50 eggs/leaf (Test 1) to 15 to 30 eggs/leaf (Tests 2 and 3). Jul and Aug were dry and hot months except for heavy rains on Jul 16, 17, and 26.
Control of Blue Alfalfa Aphid, 1978
Authors: Arnett W. Harold 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This test was conducted at the Main Station Field Laboratory at Reno on an 8 year old stand of alfalfa var. Ranger. Each treatment was applied to a 4 acre block of alfalfa on May 5 with a tractor mounted John Bean field sprayer(pto) with a 24 ft boom and calibrated to deliver 25 gpa at 25 psi. At time of treatment the field was unifbrmally infested and begining to show severe symptoms. On each sampling date aphids were sampled by both sweep net and stem counts. Each treated block was subdivided into four sections and sampled on each date by taking 10 random 180 degree sweeps with a standard net and 20 stem terminals.
Variegated Cutworm Control in First Cut Stubble Alfalfa, Missouri, 1979
Authors: Huggans J. L. , Reber D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Heavy concentrations of 4th to 6th instar variegated cutworm larvae occurred this season throughout the state at first cutting. The larvae collected beneath windrows and their feeding prevented regrowth and in some instances killed the alfalfa. This test was applied behind the baler. That is, materials were applied as the hay was removed. Spray materials were applied to plots 40 × 200 ft in 20 gpa finished spray at 40 psi with an IH cub tractor rigged with a 20 ft spray boom, FS 6 spray nozzles, 50 mesh filter screens, and a power take-off roller pump on June 6'79. Sevin 5% bait was applied by hand at the rate of 20 lb per acre. Evaluations were made at 24 hr post-treatment by taking counts of live remaining larvae per 0.1 square meter on the windrow lines. The plots were sub-divided into 4 quadrants and 2 - 0.1 meter subsamples counted per quadrant. Overnight rain accumulation was .89 inch. The means presented are of original counts. For statistical analysis the data were transformed by X-1.
Postemergence Billbug Control in Field Corn, 1979
Authors: Hunt T. N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Seed planted by farmer on April 3 in Delway, Sampson County, North Carolina. Four granular insecticides were tested to determine their potential for controlling the southern corn billbug as a postemergence application in a sandy loam soil. Counter 15G, Counter Coated 15G, Lorsban 15G and Temik 15G were applied at 2 pounds ai/acre with a gravity flow granular applicator in a 7-inch band over the plants on April 20, 3 days after attack was initiated. Cultivation was simulated with a 3 hoursepower garden Rototiller at application. Test design was a randomized block with 6 row plots 50 ft × 36 inch rows × 5 ft alleys and 4 replicates. All plots were rated for damaged plants, plant population and yield. Plant populations at treatment averaged 1 plant per 1.1 row ft in both infested and noninfested areas of the field. The poor stand was later attributed to poor planter adjustment. On May 15 another stand count was made and plants rated for injury on a scale of 0-3: 0 - no visual evidence of injury; 1 - superficial feeding; 2 - damage to terminal leaves moderate to heavy; 3- terminal shoot dead and/or plant suckering. Counter 15G (both formulations) and Lorsban 15G plots contained more undamaged and less severely damaged plants plus a greater stand count than Temik 15G or check plots. Yields taken by hand September 19 were generally low, but this can be attributed to the poor initial stand. All data was derived from 100 ft of row per plot. Significant differences existed at the .05 level with respect to damage rating and yield.
Field Corn, Corn Rootworm Control with Counter Andmocap, 1979
Authors: Peters Leroy L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Granular formulations of Counter 15G and Mocap 10G, and liquid Mocap were compared in Clay County, Nebraska. Granular insecticides were applied in a 7 in (17.5 cm) band over the row. Liquid insecticides were applied broadcast within 2 hr after planting. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block with 4 replications. Each plot was 4 rows wide and 38.5 ft × 30 in centers. The 2 center rows were used for data collection. The experiment was planted on May 15, stand counts made on July 11, roots dug for evaluation on July 23, and plots harvested on October 17. The experiment was irrigated. Data was subjected to analysis of variance and means separated by Duncan's Multiple Range Test where appropriate.
Field Corn, Western Corn Rootworm Control, 1979
Authors: Sandvol Larry 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Six soil insecticides were evaluated in Franklin County, Idaho. Plots were arranged in randomized complete block design. Corn was planted June 5, in 32 inch rows. All materials were applied at 1 lb ai/acre in a 6 inch band over row. Each treatment was replicated 4 times utilizing plots 3 rows wide × 100 ft. Corn was gravity-irrigated as required and harvested for silage. Insecticide treatments were evaluated, July 25, for root damage by digging 10 equally spaced plants from the center row of each treatment. Roots were evaluated for rootworm feeding damage using a 1-6 damage scale (1 = no discernible damage; 6 = three or more nodes of roots destroyed).
Field Corn, European Corn Borer Control, 1979
Authors: Witkowski J. F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Foliar treatments of registered and non-registered insecticides for first brood corn borer con-trol were applied to dryland corn plots in Dixon County, Nebraska in June, 1979. Insecticides were applied on July 9 with a specially modified Hahn Hi-boy. Emulsifiable liquid Insecticides were applied in 35 gal of water/acre at 2 mph at 17 psi. Each single row plot was 100 feet long. Plant variety was B73 × M017. Experimental design was randomized complete block with 4 replications. In early August, 15 corn plants from each treatment replicate were split In half from the tassel to the ground, examined, and the number of corn borer cavities recorded.
Chemical Control of Heliothis Species on Cotton
Authors: Gard I. E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In 1978, Pennwalt Corporation contracted with four private contract research organizations to evaluate 4 primary cotton insecticides in combination with PENNCAP-M Insecticide for control of Heliothis spp. These project locations were in 5 states and applications were made on a full season basis. Plot size varied from location to location, as indicated in the table. Applications in Mississippi, Arkansas and Georgia were made on a 5-day schedule. Alabama applications were made on a weekly basis and South Carolina and North Carolina were applied on an as-needed basis. The number of applications ranged between six and eight per location. Insect damage evaluations were made at seven to 10 day intervals. Damage counts were made by examining 25 to 100 squares selected at random in each plot. Yield data were taken by either hand-picking or machinepicking, depending on location. The yield in the North Carolina test was based on harvestable boll counts.
Efficacy of Chemicals for Control Of Cotton Leafworm, 1979
Authors: Pitts Daniel L. , Pieters Edward P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Stoneville 213 cotton was planted May 17 at the Plant Science Farm of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State, MS. Plots 8 rows by 28 m were arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated 4 times. On September 6 the middle 4 rows were treated with a ground sprayer calibrated to deliver 47 litre,4ia spray mixture at 2.81 kg/cm and 2, 3x tips per row. Population estimates were made by taking 1 m drop cloth samples at 3 random sites along the center 2 rows of each plot. Pretreatment counts averaged 12.6/m.
Laboratory Evaluation of Insecticides Applied as Sprays on Rice for Brown Planthopper Resurgence, 1978
Authors: Chelliah S. , Heinrichs E. A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Insecticides were foliar sprayed 3 times at 0.04% concentration (except for cypermethrin and decamethrin sprayed at 0.002% concentration) on potted rice plants at 20, 30 and 40 days of plant age at the IRRI Laboratory in Manila. Plants were placed in an insectary where the temperature (27 t 1�C), relative humidity (60-80%) and photoperiod (12 h) were controlled. Fifteen days after the third spray, when the insecticides no longer caused mortality, 2 gravid brown planthoppers (BPH) were released/potted plant and confined for 7 days. Four replicates were maintained/treatment. After 7 days, the hoppers were removed and the nymphs hatching from the plants counted. Reproductive rate of the BPH was assessed through the number of nymphs hatched. Resurgence was related to reproductive rate of the BPH.
Mexican Bean Beetle Control on Soybeans
Authors: Hammond Ronald B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Twenty-four plots were located 2 miles south of Williamsburg, OH. Plots measured 50 ft by 4 rows (30-in centers) and were bordered by 2 rows. Experimental design was a randomized complete block, 3 blocks each with 8 treat-ments. Treatments were applied on Aug 11’79, with a 4-row C02-charged bicycle sprayer (liquid output 58.9 ml/sec at 30 psi, calculated to 33.9 gal/acre rate). Spray nozzles were TeeJet TX 10 Brass Tips. Weather conditions at time of application were: mostly clear, slight to no breeze, ca. 80�F. Soybean plants were at growth stage R5. Plants were sampled with a 15-in sweep net (20 sweeps/plot) on Aug 22’79 (pretreatment), Aug 24’79 (2-days posttreatment), Aug 28’ 79 (6-days post treatment), and Sept 5’79 (15-day post treatment). Samples were examined in the laboratory for Mexican bean beetle (MBB) adults and larvae. Soybeans were examined visually on all sampling dates for signs of phytotoxicity. Rainfall measured 13.34 in (Aug. 3.33 In, Sept. 9.53 in, and Oct. 0.48 in). Soybeans were hand harvested on Oct 2,79.
Dwarf Burford Holly, Florida Wax Scale Control, 1979
Authors: Hudson William G . , Williams Michael L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Thirty-six 1 ft tall, container-grown dwarf burford holly plants heavily infested with Florida wax scale were selected for treatment. Test plants were growing in 1 gal plastic pots. Treatments were replicated three times, each plant con-stituting a replication. Test materials were applied June 18'79. Chevron spray sticker was added to all treatments at the rate of 2.4 ml/gal of spray mixture. The foliage of all plants was sprayed to runoff using compressed air sprayers. Plants were allowed to dry and then returned to a plastic greenhouse. Results of the treatments were determined on Jul 3'79 by examining 100 individuals per plant. Mortality counts were made with the use of a stereomicroscope by examining each scale insect and counting it as living, if normally colored and fullbodied, or dead if discolored and shriveled or dried.
Green Peach Aphid Control on Hybrid Roses, Pennsylvania, 1979
Authors: Shetlar David J. , Heller Paul R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Mixed varieties of hybrid tea roses, .5 to 1.0 m tall were used for insecticide evaluation. These roses had been established for two years in a sandy loam soil mulched with coco bean husk. Pretreatment aphid populations were assessed (June 3) by counting the number of aphids on two terminal leaflets per plant. Treatments (4 plants per block) were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Each block was separated by 2 m of turf and each plant was shielded during spraying. Each plant was sprayed with a compression sprayer until run off on June 3. Aphid counts were made on June 10 and 17. The average day temperature was 32 to 34C. Rain occurred twice, June 6 (4mm) and June 12 (11mm).
Control of Elm Leaf Beetles on Siberian Elm, 1979
Authors: Price Richard , Pinkston Ken , Young Jerry 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The test was conducted on a windbreak planting of Siberian elms, approximately 20 feet in height, located 2 miles south of Stillwater, Oklahoma. Trees were treated on May 31'79 when the temperature was 84°F and the wind velocity was 0-5 mph. Larvae were 1/8 to 3/8 inch in length. All treatments except UC 21865 were made with a John Bean 55 sprayer and Spraying Systems Gun. Jet No. 43, which delivered 3.2 gal/min at 300 psi. Trees were treated until runoff. UC 21865 was applied as a soil drench around the drip line at 10 gal per tree at two different dosage rates. Treatments were randomized and replicated 4 times. Larval counts were made by examining 18 inches of terminal branch at six locations per tree.
Sycamore, Sycamore Lace Bug Control, 1979
Authors: Schuder Donald L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The foliage of large sycamore trees on the Purdue University campus, West Lafayette, Indiana were treated with two insecticides on July 10'79. Individual branches were used as a plot. The treatments were randomized and replicated four times. Appli-cations were made with a one gallon B&G stainless steel sprayer operating at 30 psi. Trees were sprayed to the point of drip. Counts of the numbers of lace bug adults were made at the time of treatment and at T+4 days. The temperature at the time of treatment was 82°F. with a RH of 52%. There was a slight breeze from the west at 2-4 mph.
Grasshopper Control on Pasture, Virginia, 1979
Authors: Semtner Paul J. , Wilson Mark 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Unimproved fescue pastures near Blackstone, VA were selected to evaluate insecticides for grasshopper control. Test 1 consisted of experimental plots 80 ft long and 45 ft wide established in a randomized complete block design replicated 4 times. Plots and blocks were separated by 5 ft untreated strips. The grass in Test 1 averaged about 6 inches in height at the time of insecticide application. In Test 2 experimental plots, 50 ft wide and 110 ft long, were arranged in a randomized complete block design replicated 5 times. Blocks were separated by 20 ft alleys. The vegetation in Test 2 averaged 1 ft in height at the time of application. Insecticide applications were made to Test 1 on August 13 and to Test 2 on Aug-ust 14. A tractor-mounted boom sprayer equipped with 8004 nozzles was used to deliver 32 gal of finished spray/acre at 30 psi. The grasshopper species com-position before treatment was 80% 3rd and 4th instar Melanoplusdifferentials and 20% other species in Test 1; and 46% M. femurrubrum, 24% M. differentiolis and 30% other species in Test 2. Grasshopper samples were taken before treatment and at 3, 7, and 14 days after treatment using a 15-inch sweep net to make 100-180� sweeps in each plot.
Control of the American Aspen Beetle, 1977
Authors: Mason Mark L. , Lawson Fred A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Spot spray application with a back-pack sprayer of two insecticides on individual groups of 3rd instar larvae and foliage were tested to determine effectiveness In reducing larval populations and phytotoxicity to both host plant and understory vegetation. The test site was on the Medicine Bow National Forest, ca. 25 km SE of Laramie, WY at an elev of 2498 m. Each dosage was replicated 10 times. Larvae treated with carbaryl died attached to the leaves with their heads and abdominal apices turned upwards. Larvae killed with malathion dropped off the leaves.
Mo Use-Cuterebra Animal Systemic Insecticide Test, 1979
Authors: Drummond R. O. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
White mice are infested ocularly with 5 newly hatched larvae of Cuterebra fontinella Clark. Two days later, female mice are weighed and treated orally (mg/kg basis) with candidate insecticides formulated in Tween 20; male mice have a plastic collar placed around their necks to prevent grooming and their bodies are dipped into 100-200 ml of an emulsion of the candidate insecticide usually formulated as an EC in xylene (65 parts), Triton X-100 (10 parts), and Al (25 parts). Highest dosages are 100 mgAg and 1%. Four days later, mice are killed and bodies examined carefully for encapsulated larvae (usually found in inguinal region). Effectiveness is determined by comparing numbers of larvae in treated mice with numbers in untreated mice. Probit analysis is conducted with corrected percent kill data. Details of the test have been presented by Gingrich, R.E., et al., 1972, J. Econ. Entomol. 65(3):742-5, and Drummond, R. O., and R. E. Gingrich, 1972, J. Econ. Entomol. 65(4):1211-2. Recent results were presented by Drummond, R.O., 1979, Insect. Acaric. Tests 4:216-7.