bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glycosyl Dioxalenium Ions as Reactive Intermediates of Automated Electrochemical Assembly
Authors: Shibuya Akito , Kato Moeko , Saito Asuka , Manmode Sujit , Nishikori Naoto , Itoh Toshiyuki , Nagaki Aiichiro , Nokami Toshiki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStability of electrochemically generated glycosyl dioxalenium ions, which are reactive intermediates of electrochemical glycosylation, is influenced by protecting groups of hydroxyl groups. tert‐Butyldiphenylsilyl group at 6‐OH stabilized the intermediate and the reaction can be performed at elevated temperature. NMR measurement at low temperature confirmed accumulation of glycosyl dioxalenium ions as glycosylation intermediates and VT‐NMR measurement revealed effect of protecting groups on stability of the intermediates. Under optimized reaction conditions determined by the VT‐NMR measurement, trisaccharide with β‐1,6‐linkage of glucoside was synthesized in 46 % yield by automated electrochemical assembly.
Dearomative Cycloaddition of an Isolable Dialkylsilylene with Diaryl Ketones
Authors: Uchida Kenya , Ishida Shintaro , Iwamoto Takeaki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDearomative cycloaddition of silylenes with diaryl ketones is an attractive chemical transformation to 5‐methylene‐1,3‐cyclohexadiene (o‐isotoluene) derivatives. We found that the dearomative (1+4) cycloadditions of an isolable dialkylsilylene (1) proceed faster with electron‐rich diaryl ketones and preferentially occur at an electron‐rich aromatic ring of unsymmetrically‐substituted diaryl ketones. Theoretical calculations indicated a carbonyl silaylide (a silylene‐ketone complex) is a key intermediate which is mainly stabilized by donor‐acceptor interactions of a lone pair orbital on oxygen atom of the diaryl ketones and a vacant 3p orbital of 1. The carbonyl silaylide undergoes the Si−C bond formation at the ortho‐position of one aryl ring to form a formal (1+4) cycloadduct with a very small activation barrier. Single crystal X‐ray crystallographic analysis of the (1+4) cycloadducts reveals their o‐isotoluene structures. UV‐vis absorption spectra of the (1+4) cycloadducts in hexane exhibit a π‐π* (HOMO‐LUMO) transition around 370 nm.
Potent odorants and sensory characteristics of the soft white cheese “Jben”: Effect of salt content
Authors: Tsouli Sarhir Salwa , Amanpour Armin , Bouseta Amina , Selli Serkan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractJben is a highly popular soft white cheese consumed in Morocco for its nutritional and health benefits. The aroma and aroma‐active compounds of salted and unsalted Jben were investigated in this study. Aroma compounds were isolated by the purge and trap extraction (PTE) method and analysed by aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry‐olfactometry (GC–MS‐O). A total of 36 aroma compounds were characterized Jben samples, among them 30 and 32 compounds were detected in the salted Jben (260.88 mg/kg) and unsalted Jben (230.04 mg/kg) samples respectively. The alcohols, followed by acids and esters, were the most dominant aroma compounds in both samples. A total of 22 (salted Jben) and 25 (unsalted Jben) aroma‐active compounds were detected in the samples using GC–MS‐O. Based on the flavour dilution (FD) factor, the most potent aroma‐active compounds were ethyl caproate (FD = 2048, OAV = 2306, overripe fruit and pineapple odours), isoamyl acetate (FD = 2048, OAV = 2491, apple odour), hexyl acetate (FD = 1024, OAV = 1355, green odour), and isoamyl butyrate (FD = 1024, OAV = 932, green‐fruity odour) for the salted Jben sample and ethyl caproate (FD = 2048, OAV = 2388) and isoamyl acetate (FD = 1024, OAV = 880) for the unsalted Jben sample. The odour activity values (OAVs) ranged from 1 to 2491. The lowest OAVs represent the low aromatic active compounds (FD ≤ 32). The GC–MS‐O results were also consistent with the results of sensory analysis of the Jben samples.
Characteristic of aroma components and antioxidant activity of essential oil from Ocimum tenuiflorum leaves
Authors: Kunihiro Kento , Kikuchi Yuta , Nojima Satoshi , Myoda Takao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOcimum tenuiflorum has a characteristic spicy, sweet and green aroma and has been used as a medicinal herb for various diseases in Ayurveda systems. This study aimed to investigate the aroma‐impact components and antioxidant activity of the essential oil from O. tenuiflorum leaves, grown in Sri Lanka, which was obtained by hydrodistillation. The volatile compounds in the essential oil were measured by gas chromatograph–mass spectrometry. The major components were caryophyllene oxide (23.8%), β‐caryophyllene (18.2%), germacrene D (14.6%), α‐copaene (14.4%) and eugenol (10.0%). The characteristics of aroma components of the essential oil were determined by gas chromatography–olfactometry and aroma extract dilution analysis. Eleven compounds, including eugenol, rotundone, β‐damascenone, linalool and geraniol, were identified as aroma‐impact components of the essential oil. Among them, the dominant components were identified as eugenol, rotundone, 3‐hydroxy‐4,5‐dimethyl‐2(5H)‐furanone, coumarin and vanillin, which were quite different from the results of chemical analysis. The antioxidant activity of the essential oil was evaluated by 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, 2,2′‐azino‐bis (3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) radical cation scavenging activity and β‐carotene bleaching assays. All results showed that the essential oil exhibited strong antioxidant activity, and antioxidant‐active components were proved to be eugenol by column chromatography. Furthermore, the presence of new antioxidant compounds other than eugenol, which had previously been reported, was also revealed. Therefore, the essential oil from O. tenuiflorum leaves has great potential as a resource in the cosmetics and food industries.
Transparent, Flexible, and Low‐Operating‐Voltage Resistive Switching Memory Based on Al2O3/IZO Multilayer
Authors: Park Jaemin , Huh Daihong , Son Soomin , Kim Wonjoong , Ju Sucheol , Lee Heon 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this study, a different number of indium zinc oxide (IZO) interlayers are fabricated into Al2O3‐based transparent resistive switching memory on a transparent indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass substrate at room temperature. Al2O3/IZO multilayer transparent memory has a transmittance of at least 65% in the wavelength range of 400–900 nm. In addition, the Al2O3/IZO multilayer transparent memory can achieve an electroforming voltage that is 35.7% lower than that of ITO/pure‐Al2O3/IZO transparent memory. The fabricated Al2O3/IZO multilayer transparent memory exhibits typical bipolar resistive switching behavior, regardless of the number of IZO interlayers. Also, the fabricated Al2O3/IZO multilayer transparent memory has a low operating voltage within ±1.5 V. In addition, a flexible Al2O3/IZO multilayer transparent memory is fabricated using the same process on ITO‐coated polyethylene terephthalate. The fabricated flexible transparent memory also maintains the resistive switching characteristics during the bending state.
Paying for the view? How nursing home prices affect certified staffing ratios
Authors: Heger Dörte , Herr Annika , Mensen Anne 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMany countries limit public and private reimbursement for nursing care costs for social or financial reasons. Still, quality varies across nursing homes. We explore the causal link between case‐mix adjusted nurse staffing ratios as an indicator of care quality and different price components in Swiss nursing homes. The Swiss reimbursement system limits and subsidizes the care price at the cantonal level, which implicitly limits staffing ratios, while the residents cover the nursing home‐specific lodging price privately. To estimate causal effects, we exploit (i) the exogeneity of the Swiss care price regulation, (ii) nursing‐home fixed effects estimations and (iii) instrumental variables for the lodging price. Our estimates show a positive impact of prices on certified staffing ratios. We find that a 10% increase in care prices increases certified staffing ratios by 3–4%. A comparable 10% increase in lodging prices raises certified staffing ratios by 1.5–10% (depending on the model). Our findings highlight that price limits for nursing care impose a limit on staffing ratios. Furthermore, our results indicate that providers circumvent price limits by increasing lodging prices that are privately covered. Thus, this cost shifting implicitly shifts the financial burden to the residents.
Experimental investigation of the thermal management system of a battery pack using a thermoelectric air‐cooling module
Authors: Sirikasemsuk Sarawut , Wiriyasart Songkran , Naphon Paisarn 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the temperature response of a lithium‐ion type 18650 battery pack cooled by a thermoelectric air‐cooling module is presented. The effects of the airflow rate, on‐off cooling fan position, charging and discharging rate and cooling by the thermoelectric air‐cooling module are investigated. The charging and discharging procedures with different current rates of 2 A (0.06 C), 3 A (0.09 C), and 4 A (0.12 C) are investigated. The results showed that different test conditions of the thermoelectric air‐cooling module have a substantial effect on the temperature of the battery pack. It was demonstrated that a thermoelectric air‐cooling module has a decreased battery temperature of lower than 40°C. The operating conditions of the cooling fans have a substantial effect on battery temperature. The experiment in which all the cooling fans are turned on shows a higher cooling capacity than natural air cooling by approximately 16%–57%. However, when setting the on‐off position of the fans that are installed in different positions, the cooling capacity when the fans at the inlet and thermoelectric cooling heat sink are turned on and the fan at the outlet battery pack is turned off is slightly less than that when all the cooling fans are turned on by approximately 25%–57%. Therefore, it can be selected as an optimum for cooling the battery pack due to less power consumption and noise issues. The proposed research can be implemented as a guideline for the cooling system of energy storage, such as small electric vehicle platforms, ground batteries, and solar energy storage.
Thyroid-like hormone signaling in invertebrates and its potential role in initial screening of thyroid hormone system disrupting chemicals
Authors: Morthorst Jane E. , Holbech Henrik , De Crozé Noémie , Matthiessen Peter , LeBlanc Gerald A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This review examines the presence and evolution of thyroid-like systems in selected aquatic invertebrates to determine the potential use of these organisms in screens for vertebrate thyroid hormone axis disrupting chemicals (THADCs). Such a screen might support the phasing out of some vertebrate testing. Although arthropods including crustaceans do not contain a functional thyroid signaling system, elements of such a system exist in the aquatic phyla mollusks, echinoderms, tunicates, and cephalochordates. These phyla can synthesize thyroid hormone, which has been demonstrated in some groups to induce the nuclear thyroid hormone receptor (THR). Thyroid hormone may act in these phyla through interaction with a membrane integrin receptor. Thyroid hormone regulates inter alia metamorphosis but, unlike in vertebrates, this does not occur via receptor activation by the ligands triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). Instead, the unliganded nuclear receptor itself controls metamorphosis in mollusks, echinoderms, and tunicates, whereas the T3 derivative tri-iodothyroacetic acid (TRIAC) acts as a THR ligand in cephalochordates. In view of this, it may be possible to develop an invertebrate-based screen that is sensitive to vertebrate THADCs that interfere with thyroid hormone synthesis or metabolism along with interaction with membrane receptors. The review makes some recommendations for the need to develop an appropriate test method. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:63–82. © 2022 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Effect of HIPEC according to HRD/BRCAwt genomic profile in stage III ovarian cancer: Results from the phase III OVHIPEC trial
Authors: Koole Simone N. , Schouten Philip C. , Hauke Jan , Kluin Roel J. C. , Nederlof Petra , Richters Lisa K. , Krebsbach Gabriele , Sikorska Karolina , Alkemade Maartje , Opdam Mark , Schagen van Leeuwen Jules H. , Schreuder Henk W. R. , Hermans Ralph H. M. , de Hingh Ignace H. J. T. , Mom Constantijne H. , Arts Henriette J. G. , van Ham Maaike , van Dam Peter , Vuylsteke Peter , Sanders Joyce , Horlings Hugo M. , van de Vijver Koen K. , Hahnen Eric , van Driel Willemien J. , Schmutzler Rita , Sonke Gabe S. , Linn Sabine C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe addition of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with cisplatin to interval cytoreductive surgery improves recurrence‐free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with stage III ovarian cancer. Homologous recombination deficient (HRD) ovarian tumors are usually more platinum sensitive. Since hyperthermia impairs BRCA1/2 protein function, we hypothesized that HRD tumors respond best to treatment with HIPEC. We analyzed the effect of HIPEC in patients in the OVHIPEC trial, stratified by HRD status and BRCAm status. Clinical data and tissue samples were collected from patients included in the randomized, phase III OVHIPEC‐1 trial. DNA copy number variation (CNV) profiles, HRD‐related pathogenic mutations and BRCA1 promotor hypermethylation were determined. CNV‐profiles were categorized as HRD or non‐HRD, based on a previously validated algorithm‐based BRCA1‐like classifier. Hazard ratios (HR) and corresponding 99% confidence intervals (CI) for the effect of RFS and OS of HIPEC in the BRCAm, the HRD/BRCAwt and the non‐HRD group were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models. Tumor DNA was available from 200/245 (82%) patients. Seventeen (9%) tumors carried a pathogenic mutation in BRCA1 and 14 (7%) in BRCA2. Ninety‐one (46%) tumors classified as BRCA1‐like. The effect of HIPEC on RFS and OS was absent in BRCAm tumors (HR 1.25; 99%CI 0.48‐3.29), and most present in HRD/BRCAwt (HR 0.44; 99%CI 0.21‐0.91), and non‐HRD/BRCAwt tumors (HR 0.82; 99%CI 0.48‐1.42), interaction P value: 0.024. Patients with HRD tumors without pathogenic BRCA1/2 mutation appear to benefit most from treatment with HIPEC, while benefit in patients with BRCA1/2 pathogenic mutations and patients without HRD seems less evident.
News sentiment and international equity markets during BREXIT period: A textual and connectedness analysis
Authors: Koch Alexander , Huynh Toan Luu Duc , Wang Mei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study used textual analysis of 34,209 news articles to quantify news sentiment into three main clusters—positive, negative and neutral—before analysing how they co‐move with international equity indices, using the time‐varying connectedness of Diebold and Yilmaz (2009, 2012). Better understanding of the spillover of news sentiment to stock markets could aid the decision‐making of institutional investors when strong uncertainty is present across major economies. We found that limited spillover from news sentiment to equity markets existed for both the European and international indices examined in the analysis, with spillover being stronger among smaller subsets of news articles more relevant for financial market participants. Additionally, the results indicated that, in the full sample, directional spillover was especially strong in times of larger uncertainty concerning BREXIT developments, whereas the smaller subsets, although also displaying stronger spillover during BREXIT uncertainty, revealed additional spillover peaks at times less related to major BREXIT developments. Differentiation between news about UK‐based and EU‐based companies also showed less spillover from news sentiment regarding EU‐based companies, possibly implying that investors saw BREXIT developments as less relevant for the latter.
Quality of life in Thai women with various types of abnormal uterine bleeding
Authors: Wongwananuruk Thanyarat , Rattanachaiyanont Manee , Dangrat Chongdee , Techatraisak Kitirat , Indhavivadhana Suchada , Tanmahasamut Prasong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the quality of life (QoL) in Thai women with various types of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB).MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted on 353 AUB patients between November 2010 and January 2012. They were grouped according to the duration of symptom: <6 months (acute AUB,n = 122), ≥6 months (chronic AUB,n = 138), and postmenopausal bleeding (PMB,n = 93); and the bleeding pattern: hypermenorrhea (n = 24) and irregular bleeding (n = 236). QoL was determined using the 36‐Item Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36) Thai version.ResultsThe acute AUB and chronic AUB groups had a mean age of 43.84 ± 4.87 and 43.81 ± 6.55 years; they were younger than the PMB group (55.62 ± 7.55 years) (P < 0.001). Medical diseases were more prevalent in the PMB than in the acute and chronic groups (66.7% vs. 27.9% and 35.5%, respectively,P < 0.001). Some subscales of the SF‐36 were significantly lower in the women with AUB than in those with normative values, in those with chronic AUB or PMB than in those with acute AUB, and in those with hypermenorrhea rather than in those with irregular bleeding.ConclusionThai women with any AUB types have a poorer QoL than general Thai women. QoL tends to be poorer in women with symptoms longer than 6 months or with hypermenorrhea.
Transverse and axial resolution of femtosecond laser ablation
Authors: Wang Yao L. , Grooms Noa W. F. , Chung Samuel H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFemtosecond lasers are capable of precise ablation that produces surgical dissections in vivo. The transverse and axial resolutions of the laser damage inside the bulk are important parameters of ablation. The transverse resolution is routinely quantified; but the axial resolution is more difficult to measure and is less commonly performed. Using a 1040‐nm, 400‐fs pulsed laser, and a 1.4‐NA objective, we performed ablation inside agarose and glass, producing clear, and persistent damage spots. Near the ablation threshold of both media, we found that the axial resolution is similar to the transverse resolution. We also ablated neuron cell bodies and fibers in Caenorhabditis elegans and demonstrate submicrometer resolution in both the transverse and axial directions, consistent with our results in agarose and glass. Using simple yet rigorous methods, we define the resolution of laser ablation in transparent media along all directions.
Single‐shot Mueller‐matrix imaging of zebrafish tissues: In vivo analysis of developmental and pathological features
Authors: Machikhin Alexander , Huang Chih‐Chung , Khokhlov Demid , Galanova Victoria , Burlakov Alexander 
Published: May 2022

AbstractZebrafish is a well‐established animal model for developmental and disease studies. Its optical transparency at early developmental stages allows in vivo tissues visualization. Interaction of polarized light with these tissues provides information on their structure and properties. This approach is effective for muscle tissue analysis due to its birefringence. To enable real‐time Mueller‐matrix characterization of unanesthetized fish, we assembled a microscope for single‐shot Mueller‐matrix imaging. First, we performed a continuous observation of 48 species within the period of 2 to 96 hpf and measured temporal dependencies of the polarization features in different tissues. These measurements show that hatching was accompanied by a sharp change in the angle and degree of linearly polarized light after interaction with muscles. Second, we analyzed nine species with skeletal disorders and demonstrated that the spatial distribution of light depolarization features clearly indicated them. Obtained results demonstrated that real‐time Mueller‐matrix imaging is a powerful tool for label‐free monitoring zebrafish embryos.
Incidence and risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C who achieved a sustained virological response through direct‐acting antiviral agents among the working population in Japan
Authors: Hagiwara Hideki , Ito Yoshiki , Ohta Takashi , Nozaki Yasutoshi , Iwamoto Takayuki , Hosui Atsushi , Hiramatsu Naoki , Tahata Yuki , Sakamori Ryotaro , Hikita Hayato , Hayashi Norio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and AimThe development of hepatocarcinogenesis after a sustained virological response (SVR) remains an important issue affecting the balance between treatment and occupational life of workers with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Japan. Here, we aimed to evaluate the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) reducing effect and risk factors for developing HCC after SVR in patients treated with direct‐acting antiviral agents (DAAs) among the working population.MethodsWe studied 2579 working patients with chronic HCV infection who achieved SVR after antiviral treatment. We compared the difference in the cumulative incidence of post‐SVR HCC between the interferon (IFN)‐based n = 1615 and DAA (n = 964) groups. The risk factors for post‐SVR HCC development were determined in the DAA group.ResultsAfter propensity score matching (n = 644 in each group), the HCC development rates were not significantly different between the groups (P = 0.186). Multivariate Cox regression and the cutoff values determined by the receiver operating characteristic curve analyses revealed that age ≥61 years, diabetes, lower serum albumin levels <4.0 g/dL at 24 weeks after the end of treatment (EOT), and higher serum α‐fetoprotein levels ≥4.1 ng/mL at 24 weeks after the EOT were associated with the development of HCC.ConclusionThe HCC suppressing effect after SVR through DAA treatment is equivalent to that of IFN treatment in patients in the working population. Intensive follow‐up is required after SVR with DAA treatment in Japanese workers with these risk factors to ensure the promotion of health and employment support.