bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cryptococcosis in the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1953 to 2021: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zono Bive Bive , Kasumba Dacquin Muhandwa , Situakibanza Nani‐Tuma Hippolyte , Bepouka Izizag Ben , Yambayamba Kapenga Marc , Nsuka Yanga Ruth , Tshimanga Yona Tshimy , Kamangu Ntambwe Erick , Hayette Marie‐Pierre , Mvumbi Lelo Georges 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCryptococcosis is a common opportunistic infection associated with HIV/AIDS. The present review systematically describes the clinical and biological aspects of cryptococcosis in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and estimates its 2020 burden in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched online databases for records of cryptococcosis/Cryptococcus spp. in the DRC. Meta‐analysis was then performed to estimate summary statistics and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). A total of 30 studies were included. These included 1,018 cryptococcosis patients, including 80.8% with neuromeningeal cryptococcosis (NMC) and predominantly immunocompromised due to HIV/AIDS (97.6%). The NMC mean prevalence was estimated at 9.63% (95% CI: 5.99–14.07). More than one in two patients (52.7%) under treatment died. Monotherapy with fluconazole was the main treatment administered (80.6%). Furthermore, we estimate that about 9,265 (95% CI: 5,763–13,537) PLHIV had cryptococcosis in 2020, in DRC; of which about 4,883 (95% CI: 3,037–7,134) would have died in the same year. Among isolates in all included studies, 74 strains have been characterised. Of these, 82.4% concerned Cryptococcus neoformans sensu lato (s.l) (exclusively of serotype A and mostly of molecular types VNI and VNII) and 17.6% concerned Cryptotoccus gattii s.l (belonging to serotype B/molecular type VGI). Cryptococcosis remains common with an unacceptably high mortality rate. A large number of PLHIV affected by and dying from cryptococcosis in 2020 demonstrates its heavy burden among the Congolese PLHIV. To mitigate this burden, it is important to improve the quality and accessibility of care for all PLHIV.
Development of a multi‐component intervention to promote sleep in older persons with dementia transitioning from hospital to home
Authors: Sidani Souraya , Fox Mary T. , Butler Jeffrey I. , Maimets Ilo‐Katryn 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundHospitalised older persons with dementia are commonly discharged with intensified sleep disturbances. These disturbances can impede the recovery process. Nurses are well‐positioned to assist persons with dementia and their family caregivers in managing sleep disturbances during the transition from hospital to home.ObjectivesTo describe the development of a multi‐component intervention to promote sleep.MethodsWe applied three stages of the intervention mapping method to develop a non‐pharmacological, multi‐component sleep intervention. The first stage involved a review of the literature to generate an understanding of the determinants of sleep disturbances experienced by persons with dementia in hospital and home settings. The second stage consisted of a literature review to identify therapies for managing commonly reported determinants of sleep disturbances. The third stage entailed delineation of the intervention components.ResultsThe most common determinants of sleep disturbances experienced by persons with dementia in hospital and home settings were: physiological changes associated with ageing, sleep environments non‐conducive to sleep, limited exposure to light and engagement in physical activity, stress and sleep‐related beliefs and behaviours. Therapies found effective included: light therapy, physical activity therapy, sleep hygiene, and stimulus control therapy. These therapies were integrated into a multi‐component sleep intervention to be provided using the teach‐back technique, during and following hospitalisation.DiscussionConsistent with the principles of patient engagement, the multi‐component sleep intervention will be evaluated for its acceptability and feasibility.Implications for practiceThe intervention has potentials to improve sleep during the transition from hospital to home.
The correlation between local impedance drop and catheter contact in clinical pulmonary vein isolation use
Authors: Yasumoto Koji , Egami Yasuyuki , Kawanami Shodai , Sugae Hiroki , Ukita Kohei , Kawamura Akito , Nakamura Hitoshi , Matsuhiro Yutaka , Tsuda Masaki , Okamoto Naotaka , Matsunaga‐Lee Yasuharu , Yano Masamichi , Nishino Masami , Tanouchi Jun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionLocal impedance (LI) drop during radiofrequency (RF) application is monitored to assess the lesion formation. Recently, a novel ablation catheter has been introduced to clinical setting, which is capable of monitoring LI and catheter contact parameters including contact force (CF) and contact angle (CA). This study aimed to clarify the correlation between LI drop and catheter contact parameters.Methods and resultsThis prospective study included 15 paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) patients who underwent initial pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). First‐pass encircling point‐by‐point PV ablation was performed by using a 4.5‐mm irrigated ablation catheter, with monitoring LI, CF, and CA. RF energy was applied for 30 s at each site with 30 W. Stable ablation points were analyzed to examine the correlation between LI drop and catheter contact parameters. Among 903 ablation points, 499 stable ablation points (55.2%) were analyzed. CA showed good correlation with LI drop (ρ = 0.418, p < .001). Maximum CF, minimum CF, average CF, and initial CF all showed weak correlation with LI drop (ρ = 0.201, p < .001; ρ = 0.224, p < .001; ρ = 0.258, p < .001; and ρ = 0.212, p < .001, respectively). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that CA was an independent factor of LI drop among the catheter contact parameters (β = 0.139, 95% CI = 0.111–0.167, p < .001). The LI drop in the blocked segments was significantly higher than that in the electrical conduction gap segments (27.3 ± 9.8 vs. 19.6 ± 6.4 Ω, p < .001)ConclusionIn clinical PVI use, both CF and CA were correlated with LI drop. More parallel CA could induce higher LI drop, which may lead to effective lesion formation.
Nitrogen use efficiency, rhizosphere bacterial community, and root metabolome reprogramming due to maize seed treatment with microbial biostimulants
Authors: Ganugi Paola , Fiorini Andrea , Ardenti Federico , Caffi Tito , Bonini Paolo , Taskin Eren , Puglisi Edoardo , Tabaglio Vincenzo , Trevisan Marco , Lucini Luigi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSeed inoculation with beneficial microorganisms has gained importance as it has been proven to show biostimulant activity in plants, especially in terms of abiotic/biotic stress tolerance and plant growth promotion, representing a sustainable way to ensure yield stability under low input sustainable agriculture. Nevertheless, limited knowledge is available concerning the molecular and physiological processes underlying the root‐inoculant symbiosis or plant response at the root system level. Our work aimed to integrate the interrelationship between agronomic traits, rhizosphere microbial population and metabolic processes in roots, following seed treatment with either arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) or Plant Growth‐Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). To this aim, maize was grown under open field conditions with either optimal or reduced nitrogen availability. Both seed treatments increased nitrogen uptake efficiency under reduced nitrogen supply revealed some microbial community changes among treatments at root microbiome level and limited yield increases, while significant changes could be observed at metabolome level. Amino acid, lipid, flavone, lignan, and phenylpropanoid concentrations were mostly modulated. Integrative analysis of multi‐omics datasets (Multiple Co‐Inertia Analysis) highlighted a strong correlation between the metagenomics and the untargeted metabolomics datasets, suggesting a coordinate modulation of root physiological traits.
White spot syndrome virus host range and impact on transmission
Authors: Desrina  , Prayitno Slamet B. , Verdegem Marc C. J. , Verreth Johan A. J. , Vlak Just M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhite spot syndrome virus (WSSV), the etiological agent of white spot disease (WSD), is a significant pathogen affecting shrimp farming industry worldwide. White spot syndrome virus is a generalist virus mainly infecting decapod crustaceans. The aims of this review were to: (1) Re‐evaluate and update the status of reported WSSV host and vector species based on the methods used when detecting replication and transmission to shrimp and 2) make a critical evaluation of existing literature on the presence of WSSV in aquatic organisms and the potential role these organisms might play in the transmission of WSSV in pond systems and the wild. An evaluation of literature about WSSV reported host and vector species showed an increase from 33 families to 50 families including 11 families of non‐crustacean hosts, proved the virus continues to spread beyond farmed shrimp and the shrimp pond environment. White spot syndrome virus transmission in the aquatic environment is complex as depicted in our model. Containment of WSSV in ponds and the natural environment is challenging, mainly because of its generalist nature and a lack of understanding about (1) WSSV transmission in the aquatic setting, (2) the route of WSSV transmission among species exist in the aquatic environment and (3) information on the transmission dynamics between WSSV in farmed crustaceans and non‐farmed animals. Information presented in this review provides the research direction on methods to control WSSV.
Non‐response to questions about suicide ideation and attempts among veterans: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study
Authors: Stanley Ian H. , Marx Brian P. , Nichter Brandon , Pietrzak Robert H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesVeterans who decline to provide information on their history of self‐injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) may be at elevated suicide risk. We examined associations between non‐response to a question assessing lifetime SITBs and proxy variables of suicide risk.MethodsIn this population‐based cross‐sectional study of 4069 US veterans, responses to the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire‐Revised were examined to group veterans into one of three categories: (1) denied lifetime SITBs, (2) reported lifetime SITBs, or (3) declined to respond.ResultsOverall, 69.5% of veterans denied a SITB history, 29.5% reported a SITB history, and 1.0% declined to provide information regarding SITBs. In adjusted analyses, veterans who declined to provide information on SITBs were significantly more likely than veterans who explicitly denied lifetime SITBs to screen positive for posttraumatic stress disorder; report lifetime non‐suicidal self‐injury; and report elevated levels of total trauma burden, externalizing behaviors, loneliness, received social support, and provided social support. Across these constructs, veterans who declined to provide SITB information were statistically indistinguishable from veterans who explicitly reported lifetime SITBs.ConclusionsVeterans who decline to provide information about suicidal thoughts and behaviors may represent a covert group at elevated risk for suicide.
Party over preference? Strategic primary voting in the age of outsiders*
Authors: Kelly Jarrod T. , Loepp Eric 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveSome primary voters cast their ballot for a candidate they do not most prefer in hopes that doing so will increase their party's chances of winning the general election. However, the emergence of party “outsider” candidates challenges prevailing assumptions about the persuasive pull of electability arguments on voter decision making. In this project, we analyze whether and when supporters of “outsider” candidates resolve strategic dilemmas relative to supporters of “insider” candidates.MethodsWe administer survey experiments to Republicans and Democrats immediately before the 2016 and 2020 primaries, respectively.ResultsAlthough voters in both parties are willing to vote strategically, there are critical differences when it comes to the loyalty primary voters feel to outsider primary candidates like Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders.ConclusionStrategic voting decisions are not based merely on electability, particularly in the case of “outsider” candidates. Scholars should integrate additional factors into future work on voter behavior in primaries.
Virtual and face-to-face team collaboration comparison through an agent-based simulation
Authors: Singh Harshika , Cascini Gaetano , McComb Christopher 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the acceptance of virtual team collaboration as a replacement for face-to-face collaboration. Unlike face-to-face collaboration, virtual collaboration is influenced by unique factors, such as technology mediation. However, there is a lack of rigorous research that assesses the impact of virtual collaboration on the engineering design process. Therefore, the current study investigates the effect of virtual team collaboration on design outcomes by means of the MILANO (Model of Influence, Learning, and Norms in Organizations) framework. To tailor MILANO for virtual collaboration, this paper first presents an empirical study of human design teams, which shows how model parameter values for face-to-face collaboration (like self-efficacy, perceived influencers, perceived degree of influence, trust and familiarity) differ from appropriate parameter values for virtual collaboration. The simulation results for both virtual and face-to-face collaboration show how design outcomes differ with collaboration mode. Unlike teams with a few well-defined influential individuals, the mode of collaboration does not have a significant impact on teams where all individuals are equally influential. Virtual collaboration also results in lower exploration and variety than face-to-face collaboration.
Bioinspiration of Product Architecture: Trading-Off System Effectiveness for System Robustness
Authors: Bhasin Devesh , Staack David , McAdams Daniel A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This work analyzes the role of bioinspired product architecture in facilitating the design of robust engineering systems. Prior works have proposed design guidelines to facilitate the implementation of bioinspired product architectures for engineered systems. This work shows that implementing a bioinspired product architecture may improve a system’s robustness to random module failures, but may degrade the system’s effectiveness in the absence of any module failure. To demonstrate such a trade-off between the robustness and the undisrupted effectiveness of a system, this study quantitatively compares biological systems to their functionally equivalent modular systems. The modular equivalents of biological systems are first derived by utilizing Functional Modeling. The application of the bioinspired product architecture guidelines is then modeled as a transition from the modular product architecture of the modular equivalents to the actual product architecture of the biological systems. The effectiveness and the robustness of the systems are analyzed after the application of each guideline by modeling the systems as multi-flow directed networks. Such an analysis is performed by introducing metrics that quantify a system’s expected effectiveness and the degradation in the system’s expected effectiveness with increasing severity of random disruptions. The findings are validated by designing and analyzing a COVID-19 breathalyzer as an engineering case study.
Predicting the Erosion Rate of Uni-Directional Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites Using Machine-Learning Algorithms
Authors: Deliwala Ajaz Ahmed , Dubey Koshlendra , Yerramalli Chandra Sekher 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The wind turbine and helicopter rotor blades when exposed to dust borne environment are subjected to leading edge erosion because of the impact of dust particles. These blades are manufactured from fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites and therefore, it is important to predict the erosion rate of FRP composites. In this paper, the main aim is to accurately predict the erosion rate of uni-directional FRP composites using machine-learning algorithms like artificial neural networks (ANNs) and extreme gradient boosting (XGB) and compare between the algorithms. The model uses input parameters like erodent impact angle, velocity of erodent particle, fiber orientation, and fiber volume fraction as the input and erosion rate as the output variable. The total dataset considered for training and testing the model is obtained from two parts. The first part of the dataset is obtained from the literature and the other part is collected from performing in-house experiments on uni-directional glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites. The crater profiles of the tested specimens are characterized using 3D Alicona imaging microscopy. The machine-learning models considered in this study provide accurate results on the dataset. However, the XGB method is more robust, reliable, and faster to train and more accurate than the ANN model in the case of an unknown dataset (dataset not used for training). The feature importance from the XGB model suggests that impact particle velocity, impact angle, and fiber orientation are the most important input features. The model predictions by taking into account the three input features provide accurate results without affecting the accuracy of the model.
Sleep Dysfunction in Adolescents With Prolonged Postconcussion Symptoms: A Reciprocal Coupling of Traumatic Brain Injury and Sleep-Related Problems
Authors: Hughes Carter , Hunt Kevin , Cox Brian , Raybon John , Lopez Rebecca M. 
Published: April 2022

Clinical Scenario: Concussions are often neglected injuries that affect children and adolescents. Two physiological responses to a concussion are an ionic flux and an increased indiscriminate release of glutamate, which leads to an increase of intracellular calcium and extracellular potassium. This can ultimately result in sleep dysfunction, which often occurs after concussion and has long been thought of as simply another concussion symptom. Focused Clinical Question: Does the likelihood of prolonged postconcussion symptoms increase with reported sleep-related problems (SRPs) in young athletes (8–18 y) compared to concussed young athletes without SRPs and healthy controls? Summary of Key Findings: Four cohort studies with level 2/3 evidence measured subjective and objective sleep dysregulations in concussed and healthy populations. Overall, there was a difference in subjective SRPs between concussed and healthy patients. This correlated with other studies where worse sleep scores during the acute phase of concussion and increased SRPs led to worse ImPACT scores in patients 3 to 12 months postconcussion and longer overall recovery. Objective sleep dysfunction measures were significantly worse in concussed patients than in healthy controls, but no significant difference existed in melatonin measures. Clinical Bottom Line: There is strong evidence that sleep dysfunction is both a symptom of concussion as well as a causal factor of prolonged postconcussion symptoms. These studies show that sleep dysregulation is not always evident in objective measurements, leading to the strong possibility of a functional dysregulation of the sleep–wake cycle that is evident solely from subjective reports. Strength of Recommendation: While there are strong cohort studies researching the role of sleep in those with postconcussion symptoms, the nature of sleep studies prevents the production of strong, high-level evidence studies such as randomized control trials. Thus, there is level B evidence that the likelihood of prolonged postconcussion symptoms is increased by a higher amount of SRPs.
Body mass index and all-cause mortality in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Korea: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hong Jae-Seok , Kang Hee-Chung 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesThe lower risk of death in overweight or obese patients, compared with normal-weight individuals, has caused confusion for patients with diabetes and healthcare providers. This study investigated the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingWe established a national population database by merging the Korea National Health Insurance (KNHI) claims database, the National Health Check-ups Database and the KNHI Qualification Database of South Korea.ParticipantsA total of 53 988 patients who were newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (E11 in International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition) in 2007, had available BMI data, lacked a history of any serious comorbidity, received diabetes medication and did not die during the first 2 years were followed up for a median of 8.6 years.Primary outcome measuresAll-cause mortality.ResultsThe mean BMI was 25.2 (SD 3.24) kg/m2, and the largest proportion of patients (29.4%) had a BMI of 25–27.4 kg/m2. Compared with a BMI of 27.5–29.9 kg/m2(the reference), mortality risk continuously increased as BMI decreased while the BMI score was under 25 (BMI <18.5 kg/m2: adjusted HR (aHR) 2.71, 95% CI 2.24 to 3.27; BMI 18.5–20.9 kg/m2: aHR 1.94, 95% CI 1.70 to 2.22; BMI 21–22.9 kg/m2: aHR 1.51, 95% CI 1.34 to 1.70; and BMI 23–24.9 kg/m2: aHR 1.14, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.28). For patients aged ≥65 years, the inverse association was connected up to a BMI ≥30 kg/m2group (aHR 0.76, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.98). However, the associations for men, patients aged <65 years and ever smokers resembled a reverse J curve, with a significantly greater risk of death in patients with a BMI ≥30 kg/m2.ConclusionsThis study suggests that, for patients with type 2 diabetes at a normal weight, distinct approaches are needed in terms of promoting muscle mass improvement or cardiorespiratory fitness, rather than maintaining weight status. Improved early diagnosis considering the inverse association between BMI and mortality is also needed.