bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Movement guidelines for young children: Engaging stakeholders to design dissemination strategies in the Hong Kong early childhood education context
Authors: Capio Catherine M. , Jones Rachel A. , Ng Catalina S. M. , Sit Cindy H. P. , Chung Kevin K. H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundEarly childhood is a critical period during which patterns of movement behaviors are formed. The World Health Organization had endorsed guidelines for physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep over a 24-hour time period, which had been adopted by the Centre for Health Protection of Hong Kong. This paper reports on stakeholder engagements that were conducted to inform the design of strategies to disseminate the guidelines in early childhood education settings.MethodsUsing a mixed-methods study design, we sought to (a) assess the stakeholders’ levels of awareness and knowledge of the Hong Kong movement guidelines for young children, and (b) identify the factors that influence the uptake of the said guidelines. We conducted an online survey of early childhood education teachers (N =314), twelve focus groups involving teachers (N = 18) and parents (N = 18), and individual interviews of key informants (N = 7) and domestic workers who provide care for preschool-aged children (N = 7). Descriptive statistics was used for the quantitative data and thematic analysis was performed on the qualitative data using an inductive and semantic approach following a realist framework.FindingsOur findings show that teachers were aware of the movement guidelines for young children, but their knowledge of the specific guidelines was deficient; parents and domestic workers had limited awareness and knowledge of the guidelines. Uptake of the movement guidelines is enabled by parent engagement, activities in the ECE centers, home-school cooperation, and community activities. The challenges include time poverty of parents, local curriculum requirements, limited physical spaces, social values, and pandemic-related restrictions.ConclusionWe recommend that dissemination strategies in the context of early childhood education settings should deliver knowledge content and support the stakeholders in mitigating the challenges associated with time, space, and social conditions.
Brain microstructural changes and fatigue after COVID-19
Authors: de Carvalho Bispo Diógenes Diego , de Paula Brandão Pedro Renato , Pereira Danilo Assis , Maluf Fernando Bisinoto , Dias Bruna Arrais , Paranhos Hugo Rafael , Glehn Felipe von , de Oliveira Augusto César Penalva , Regattieri Neysa Aparecida Tinoco , Silva Lucas Scardua , Yasuda Clarissa Lin , de Sousa Munhoz Soares Alexandre Anderson , Descoteaux Maxime 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundFatigue and cognitive complaints are the most frequent persistent symptoms in patients after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This study aimed to assess fatigue and neuropsychological performance and investigate changes in the thickness and volume of gray matter (GM) and microstructural abnormalities in the white matter (WM) in a group of patients with mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsWe studied 56 COVID-19 patients and 37 matched controls using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cognition was assessed using Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, and fatigue was assessed using Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFQ-11). T1-weighted MRI was used to assess GM thickness and volume. Fiber-specific apparent fiber density (FD), free water index, and diffusion tensor imaging data were extracted using diffusion-weighted MRI (d-MRI). d-MRI data were correlated with clinical and cognitive measures using partial correlations and general linear modeling.ResultsCOVID-19 patients had mild-to-moderate acute illness (95% non-hospitalized). The average period between real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction-based diagnosis and clinical/MRI assessments was 93.3 (±26.4) days. The COVID-19 group had higher CFQ-11 scores than the control group (p < 0.001). There were no differences in neuropsychological performance between groups. The COVID-19 group had lower FD in the association, projection, and commissural tracts, but no change in GM. The corona radiata, corticospinal tract, corpus callosum, arcuate fasciculus, cingulate, fornix, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus were involved. CFQ-11 scores correlated with microstructural changes in patients with COVID-19.ConclusionsQuantitative d-MRI detected changes in the WM microstructure of patients recovering from COVID-19. This study suggests a possible brain substrate underlying the symptoms caused by SARS-CoV-2 during medium- to long-term recovery.Key pointsPatients with COVID-19 had microstructural changes in the WM at a mean follow-up of 3 months.There is a possible brain substrate underlying the symptoms caused by SARS-CoV-2 during medium- to long-term recovery.A serial d-MRI study following up on a non-hospitalized sample of patients with milder COVID-19 forms is warranted.
Resistance of Musa balbisiana accessions of the Philippines to banana bunchy top virus
Authors: Dela Cueva Fe M. , Perez Nicole Angelee M. , Benjamin Ann Fatima A. , Yanos Lyka A. , Gueco Lavernee S. , Thomas John E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMitigation of banana bunchy top disease (BBTD) is still a challenge worldwide. BBTD is caused by banana bunchy top virus (BBTV), the most important virus affecting banana. Currently, no cultivar or accession of banana has complete resistance to BBTD. A total of 36 wild Musa spp. accessions, including 34 Musabalbisiana and two M. acuminata subsp. errans (‘Agutay’), were screened for resistance against BBTV. In greenhouse tests using viruliferous banana aphids (Pentalonia nigronervosa), all M. balbisiana accessions remained symptomless and BBTV was not detected in any of these plants by PCR at three- and six-months post inoculation. In contrast, 100% disease incidence was recorded in M. acuminata subsp. errans and in cv. Lakatan susceptible control plants. The PCR-negative M.balbisiana plants were then transferred to a field with high BBTV inoculum pressure where they remained symptomless and PCR-negative for up to five years, while all cv. Lakatan developed BBTD. This study confirmed the resistance of wild M.balbisiana accessions to BBTV. It is therefore expected to provide a resource for conventional and marker assisted breeding.
Universal gut microbial relationships in the gut microbiome of wild baboons
Authors: Roche Kimberly E. , Björk Johannes R. , Dasari Mauna R. , Grieneisen Laura , Jansen David , Gould Trevor J. , Gesquiere Laurence R. , Barreiro Luis B. , Alberts Susan C. , Blekhman Ran , Gilbert Jack A. , Tung Jenny , Mukherjee Sayan , Archie Elizabeth A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEcological relationships between bacteria mediate the services that gut microbiomes provide to their hosts. Knowing the overall direction and strength of these relationships within hosts, and their generalizability across hosts, is essential to learn how microbial ecology scales up to affect microbiome assembly, dynamics, and host health. Here we gain insight into these patterns by inferring thousands of correlations in bacterial abundance between pairs of gut microbiome taxa from extensive time series data (5,534 microbiome profiles from 56 wild baboon hosts over a 13-year period). We model these time series using a statistically robust, multinomial logistic-normal modeling framework and test the degree to which bacterial abundance correlations are consistent across hosts (i.e., “universal”) or individualized to each host. We also compare these patterns to two publicly available human data sets. We find that baboon gut microbial relationships are largely universal: correlation patterns within each baboon host reflect a mixture of idiosyncratic and shared patterns, but the shared pattern dominates by almost 2-fold. Surprisingly, the strongest and most consistently correlated bacterial pairs across hosts were overwhelmingly positively correlated and typically belonged to the same family—a 3-fold enrichment compared to pairs drawn from the data set as a whole. The bias towards universal, positive bacterial correlations was also apparent in monthly samples from human infants, and bacterial families that had universal relationships in baboons also tended to be universal in human infants. Together, our results advance our understanding of the relationships that shape gut microbial ecosystems, with implications for microbiome personalization, community assembly and stability, and the feasibility of microbiome interventions to improve host health.
Physiological and behavioural resistance of malaria vectors in rural West-Africa : a data mining study to address their fine-scale spatiotemporal heterogeneity, drivers, and predictability
Authors: Taconet Paul , Soma Dieudonne Diloma , Zogo Barnabas , Mouline Karine , Simard Frederic , Koffi Alphonsine Amanan , Dabire Roch Kounbobr , Pennetier Cedric , Moiroux Nicolas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInsecticide resistance and behavioural adaptation of malaria mosquitoes affect the efficacy of long-lasting insecticide nets - currently the main tool for malaria vector control. To develop and deploy complementary, efficient and cost-effective control interventions, a good understanding of the drivers of these physiological and behavioural traits is needed. In this data-mining exercise, we modelled a set of indicators of physiological resistance to insecticide (prevalence of three target-site mutations) and behavioural resistance phenotypes (early- and late-biting, exophagy) of anopheles mosquitoes in two rural areas of West-Africa, located in Burkina Faso and Cote d’Ivoire. To this aim, we used mosquito field collections along with heterogeneous, multi-source and multi-scale environmental data. The objectives were i) to assess the small-scale spatial and temporal heterogeneity of physiological resistance to insecticide and behavioural resistance phenotypes, ii) to better understand their drivers, and iii) to assess their spatio-temporal predictability, at scales that are consistent with operational action. The explanatory variables covered a wide range of potential environmental determinants of vector resistance to insecticide or behavioural resistance phenotypes : vector control, human availability and nocturnal behaviour, macro and micro-climatic conditions, landscape, etc. The resulting models revealed many statistically significant associations, although their predictive powers were overall weak. We interpreted and discussed these associations in light of several topics of interest, such as : respective contribution of public health and agriculture in the selection of physiological resistances, biological costs associated with physiological resistances, biological mechanisms underlying biting behaviour, and impact of micro-climatic conditions on the time or place of biting. To our knowledge, our work is the first modeling insecticide resistance and feeding behaviour of malaria vectors at such fine spatial scale with such a large dataset of both mosquito and environmental data.
Biophysical Characterization of an Essential Mammalian Protein; Transcription Termination Factor I (TTF1)
Authors: Tiwari Kumud , Singh Gajender , Singh Samarendra Kumar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMammalian Transcription Terminator Factor 1 (TTF1) is an essential protein which plays diverse cellular physiological functions like transcription regulation (both initiation and termination), replication fork blockage, chromatin remodelling, DNA damage repair etc. Hence, understanding the structure and mechanism conferred by its variable confirmations becomes significantly important. But so far, almost nothing is known about the structure of either the full-length protein or any of its domain in isolation. Moving towards achieving the above goals, our lab has codon optimised, expressed and purified N-terminal 190 amino acid deleted TTF1 (ΔN190TTF1) protein, since full length protein even after multiple trials could not be purified in soluble form. In this article, we have characterized this essential protein by studying its homogeneity, molecular size and secondary structure using tools like dynamic light scattering (DLS), circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). By CD and DLS we have shown that the purified protein is homogenous and soluble. CD spectroscopy also revealed that ΔN190TTF1 is a helical protein which was further confirmed by analysis of Raman spectra and Amide I region deconvolution studies. AFM imaging data discovered the size of single protein molecule to be 94 nm which is in agreement with the size determined by the DLS study as well. Our structural and biophysical characterization of this essential protein will open avenues towards solving the structure to atomic resolution and also will encourage the research to investigate the mechanism behind its diverse functions attributed to its various domains.
Analysis of Kinetic of eyelids of little owl Athene noctua
Authors: Mahmoud Fatma Abdel-Regal , Shawki Nahed Ahmed , Abdel-Mageed Amany Mohamed , Al-Nefeiy Fatma A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present study used the video’s recording technique to record the kinetic activity of lids, beside the anatomical, and the histological studies of the eyelids structure. The present authors found that the fundemental eyelids movements can be uniquely and reliably characterized by their anatomical relationships that confirmed also via video record of kinetic performance of these eyelids. The results show that levator palpebrae muscle split into many directions as a main generate motor to increasing the movement of the upper lid. In other side, the contraction of Depressor palpebral inferioris muscle together with the active upward forces of levator palpebrae muscle resultin g in opening the eye. While, the closure of lids arise from the passive downward forces and relaxation of the levator palpebrae and Depressor palpebral inferioris muscle as well as, the cooperation action of retractor anguli oculi lateralis and medialis muscle. The results also recorded that NM movement is reversely proportion to the level of kinetic of other eyelids.. The mobility of Nm in little owl occurs under effect artificially external stress. These anatomical data and sequence video records have confirmed that the upper eyelid move more compare to other lids. The present authors also suggest that the mobility of lids may stimulate through external pressure force of some surrounding structure like periorbital sheet. Also, the histological study exhibited that the structure of two eyelids is very similar in the little owl and the variability are showing in the number of cell layers that forms their epithelium of skin and palpebral surfaces, the distribution of pigment granules within them, as well as, the degree of keratinization on their surface.SummaryThis study gives a comprehensive description of eyelids movement in little owl and discusses the impact of some surrounding conditions in kinetic performance of these eyelids
The PIP4K2 inhibitor THZ-P1-2 exhibits antileukemia activity by disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis and autophagy
Authors: Lima Keli , Pereira-Martins Diego Antonio , de Miranda Lívia Bassani Lins , Coelho-Silva Juan Luiz , Silva Leandro Giovana da , Weinhäuser Isabel , de Cássia Cavaglieri Rita , de Leal Aline Medeiros , da Silva Wellington Fernandes , de Lima Lange Ana Paula Alencar , Pereira Velloso Elvira Deolinda Rodrigues , Griessinger Emmanuel , Hilberink Jacobien R , Huls Gerwin , Schuringa Jan Jacob , Rego Eduardo Magalhães , Machado-Neto João Agostinho 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTreatment of acute leukemia is challenging due to genetic heterogeneity between and even within patients. Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) are relatively drug-resistant and frequently lead to relapse. Their plasticity and capacity to adapt to extracellular stress, in which mitochondrial metabolism and autophagy play important roles, further complicates treatment. Genetic models of phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinase type 2 proteins (PIP4K2s) inhibition demonstrated the relevance of these enzymes in mitochondrial homeostasis and autophagic flux. Here, we uncover the cellular and molecular effects of THZ-P1-2, a pan-inhibitor of PIP4K2s, in acute leukemia cells. THZ-P1-2 reduced cell viability and induced DNA damage, apoptosis, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and accumulation of acidic vesicular organelles. Protein expression analysis revealed that THZ-P1-2 impaired autophagy flux. In addition, THZ-P1-2 induced cell differentiation and showed synergistic effects with venetoclax in resistant leukemic models. In primary leukemia cells, LC-MS/MS-based proteome analysis revealed that sensitivity to THZ-P1-2 was associated with mitochondrial metabolism, cell cycle, cell-of-origin, and the TP53 pathway. Minimal effects of THZ-P1-2 observed in healthy CD34+ cells suggested a favorable therapeutic window. Our study provides insight into pharmacological inhibition of PIP4Ks targeting mitochondrial homeostasis and autophagy shedding light on a new class of drugs for acute leukemias.
Engineering Pseudomonas putida KT2440 for chain length tailored free fatty acid and oleochemical production
Authors: Valencia Luis E. , Incha Matthew R. , Schmidt Matthias , Pearson Allison N. , Thompson Mitchell G. , Roberts Jacob , Mehling Marina , Yin Kevin , Sun Ning , Oka Asun , Shih Patrick M. , Blank Lars M. , Gladden John , Keasling Jay D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDespite advances in understanding the metabolism of Pseudomonas putida KT2440, a promising bacterial host for producing valuable chemicals from plant-derived feedstocks, a strain capable of producing free fatty acid-derived chemicals has not been developed. Guided by functional genomics, we engineered P. putida to produce medium- and long-chain free fatty acids (FFAs) to titers of up to 670 mg/L, paving the road for the production of high-value oleochemicals and biofuels from cheap feedstocks, such as plant biomass, using this host. Additionally, by taking advantage of the varying substrate preferences of paralogous native fatty acyl-CoA ligases, we employed a strategy to control FFA chain length that resulted in a P. putida strain specialized in producing medium-chain FFAs. Finally, we demonstrate the production of oleochemicals in these strains by synthesizing medium-chain fatty acid methyl esters, compounds useful as biodiesel blending agents, in various media including sorghum hydrolysate at titers greater than 300 mg/L.
Classifications of Logically Coherent Concurrent Diagnoses According to ICHD3: A Pilot Application of Automated Diagnosis Through Prime Representation
Authors: Zhang Pengfei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionIn clinical practice, headache presentations may fit more than one ICHD3 diagnoses. This project seeks to exhaustively list all these logically consistent “codiagnoses” according to ICHD3 criteria. We limit our project to cases where only two diagnoses are involved.MethodsWe included the ICHD3 criterias for “Migraine” (1.1, 1.2, 1.3), “Tension-type headache” (2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4), “Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias” (3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5), as well as all “Other primary headache disorders”. We excluded “Complications of migraine”(1.5) and “Episodic syndrome that may be associated with migraine” (1.6) since these diagnoses require codiagnoses of migraine as first assumption. We also excluded “probable” diagnosis criteria.Each phenotype in the above criteria is assigned an unique prime number. We then encoded each ICHD3 criteria into integers, call “criteria representations”, through multiplication in a list format. “Codiagnoses representations” are generated by multiplying all possible pairings of criteria representations.To eliminate logical inconsistent codiagnses, we manually encode a list of logically inconsistent phenotypes through multiplication: For example, headache lasting “seconds” would be logically inconsistent with “headache lasting hours”; the prime representation for both are multiplied together. We called this list the “inconsistency representations”.All codiagnoses representation divisible by any inconsistency representations are filtered out, generating a list of codiagnoses represenation that are logically consistent. This list is then translated back into ICHD3 diagnoses.ResultsA total of 103 prime numbers were used to encode phenotypes from the included ICHD3 criteria diagnosis with 578 encodings generated. We generated 99 pairs of illogical phenotypes. Once illogical phenotypes were excluded, a total of 253,842 composite numbers representing unique dual-diagnosis clinical profiles were obtained. The number of profiles, although unique, yields duplicate dual diagnoses; once these duplicates are removed, we obtained 145 possible logical dual diagnoses.Of the dual diagnoses, 2 contains with intersecting phenotypes due to subset relationships, 14 dual diagnoses with intersecting phenotype without subset relationships, 129 contains dual diagnoses as a result of non-intersecting phenotypes.ConclusionPrime number representations of primary headache disorders not only offer clinicians with an automated way of diagnosing headaches but also provides a powerful method of investigating co-diagnosis in headache classifications. Applications of this method to the investigations of dual diagnosis and headaches may offer insight into “loopholes” in the ICHD3 as well as potential explanation for sources of a number of controversies in headache disorders. Futures applications of the method includes extending the methodology to all of ICHD3.
Single-step purification of functionalized protein nanostructures using multimodal chromatography
Authors: Winter Daniel L. , Lebhar Hélène , McCluskey Joshua B. , Glover Dominic J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractProtein nanostructures produced through the self-assembly of individual subunits are attractive scaffolds to attach and position functional molecules for applications in biomaterials, metabolic engineering, tissue engineering, and a plethora of nanomaterials. However, the assembly of multicomponent protein nanomaterials is generally a laborious process that requires each protein component to be separately expressed and purified prior to assembly. Moreover, excess components not incorporated into the final assembly must be removed from the solution and thereby necessitate additional processing steps. Here, we developed an efficient approach to purify functionalized protein filament assemblies directly from bacterial lysates in a single step through a type of multimodal chromatography that combines size-exclusion, hydrophilic interaction, and ion exchange to separate recombinant protein assemblies from excess free subunits and bacterial proteins. In this approach, the ultrastable filamentous protein gamma-prefoldin was employed as a material scaffold that can be functionalized with a variety of protein domains through SpyTag/SpyCatcher conjugation chemistry. The purification of recombinant gamma-prefoldin filaments from bacterial lysates using multimodal chromatography was optimized across a wide range of salt concentrations and pH. Subsequently, functionalized protein assemblies were purified from bacterial lysates using multimodal chromatography in a single step and shown to befree of unincorporated subunits. The assembly and purification of protein nanostructures with varying amounts of functionalization was confirmed using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Förster resonance energy transfer, and transmission electron microscopy. We envision that the use of multimodal chromatography will increase the throughput of protein nanostructure prototyping as well as enable the upscaling of the bioproduction of protein nanodevices.