bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D printing in palliative medicine: systematic review
Authors: Kermavnar Tjaša , Guttridge Callum , Mulcahy Niall J , Duffy Ed , Twomey Feargal , O'Sullivan Leonard 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThree-dimensional printing (3DP) enables the production of highly customised, cost-efficient devices in a relatively short time, which can be particularly valuable to clinicians treating patients with palliative care intent who are in need of timely and effective solutions in the management of their patients’ specific needs, including the relief of distressing symptoms.MethodFour online databases were searched for articles published by December 2020 that described studies using 3DP in palliative care. The fields of application, and the relevant clinical and technological data were extracted and analysed.ResultsThirty studies were reviewed, describing 36 medical devices, including anatomical models, endoluminal stents, navigation guides, obturators, epitheses, endoprostheses and others. Two-thirds of the studies were published after the year 2017. The main reason for using 3DP was the difficulty of producing customised devices with traditional methods. Eleven papers described proof-of-concept studies that did not involve human testing. For those devices that were tested on patients, favourable clinical outcomes were reported in general, and treatment with the use of 3DP was deemed superior to conventional clinical approaches. The most commonly employed 3DP technologies were fused filament fabrication with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and stereolithography or material jetting with various types of photopolymer resin.ConclusionRecently, there has been a considerable increase in the application of 3DP to produce medical devices and bespoke solutions in the delivery of treatments with palliative care intent. 3DP was found successful in overcoming difficulties with conventional approaches and in treating medical conditions requiring highly customised solutions.
Structural stabilities, mechanical and thermodynamic properties of chalcogenide perovskite ABS3 (A = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; B = Si, Ge, Sn) from first-principles study
Authors: Mahmoud Eman Khalafalla , Farghali Ahmed A. , El-dek S. I. , Taha Mohamed 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, first-principles calculations have been used to study the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of chalcogenide perovskite ABS3 (A = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; B = Si, Ge, Sn) in the triclinic phase. The structural stabilities of perovskite were investigated through Goldschmidt’s tolerance factor (t) and phonon dispersion. It was indicated that all of the investigated materials construct stable perovskite structures. The mechanical properties of chalcogenide perovskites ABS3 were systematically investigated by density functional theory (DFT). The DFT method was considered within the meta-generalized gradient approximation revTPSS. The elastic properties of materials give the data necessary in understanding the bonding property between adjacent atomic planes, stiffness, bonding anisotropic, and structural stability of the material. The independent elastic constants Cij have been used for the prediction of mechanical properties like bulk modulus (B), Shear modulus (G), Young’s modulus (E) Poisson’s ratio (ν), and the universal anisotropic index (AU). The mechanical stability, brittleness, and ductility behaviors of materials were discussed. The covalent, ionic, and metallic nature of the materials were also discussed. The thermodynamic parameters including heat capacity, entropy, enthalpy, and free energy were also computed and discussed with a wide range of temperatures (0–1000 K).
Abstract IA19: Preclinical data in MCL
Authors: Wang Michael 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare but incurable subtype of B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. It is characteristic by the initial lymphomagenesis event, t(11;14)(q13;q32), which leads to the overexpression of cyclin D1. Recent advances in the clinical treatments, especially BTK inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy, have greatly improved patient survival. However, patients with MCL frequently experience relapses with worse clinical outcome. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic targets to overcome the primary resistance and acquired resistance to each therapy. With two decades of experience and expertise of studying drug response and resistance clinically and preclinically, it is understood that MCL cells employ multiple mechanisms involving both tumor cells and tumor microenvironment to promote cancer cell evolution, the development of therapeutic resistance and thus disease progression. These may due to acquisition of resistance-driving genetic mutations, transcription/epigenetic reprogramming leading to compensatory or alternative activation of survival signaling networks, or trigging immune-suppression or evasion. Our preclinical studies mainly focus on the understanding of the mechanisms of resistance to cutting-edge therapies, such as BTK inhibitors and CAR-T therapy, and the development of novel therapeutic strategies to overcome the emerging resistance, for example, MATCH for precision medicine, targeting OXPHOS, BTK-MALT1-axis and TIGIT to overcome resistance to BTK inhibitors and CAR T therapy.
Citation Format: Michael Wang. Preclinical data in MCL [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Meeting: Advances in Malignant Lymphoma: Maximizing the Basic-Translational Interface for Clinical Application; 2022 Jun 23-26; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Blood Cancer Discov 2022;3(5_Suppl):Abstract nr IA19.
Nelonemdaz for Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Undergoing Endovascular Reperfusion Therapy: A Randomized Phase II Trial
Authors: Hong Ji Man , Lee Jin Soo , Lee Yeong-Bae , Shin Dong Hoon , Shin Dong-Ick , Hwang Yang-Ha , Ahn Seong Hwan , Kim Jae Guk , Sohn Sung-Il , Kwon Sun U. , Lee Ji Sung , Gwag Byoung Joo , Chamorro Ángel , Choi Dennis W. , Chammorro Ángel , Kim Eung Yeop , Choi Jin Wook , Yeo Min-Ju , Kwak Jaehyuk , Lee Sung Eun , Hong Jeong-Ho , Lee Sangkil , Lee Yoon-Joo , Lee Min-Joo 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Nelonemdaz is a multitarget neuroprotectant that selectively blocks N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and scavenges free radicals, as proven in preclinical ischemia-reperfusion studies. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of nelonemdaz in patients with acute ischemic stroke receiving endovascular reperfusion therapy.

Methods:
This phase II randomized trial involved participants with large-artery occlusion in the anterior circulation at baseline who received endovascular reperfusion therapy <8 hours from symptom onset at 7 referral stroke centers in South Korea between October 29, 2016, and June 1, 2020. Two hundred thirteen patients were screened and 209 patients were randomly assigned at a 1:1:1 ratio using a computer-generated randomization system. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on the medication received—placebo, low-dose (2750 mg) nelonemdaz, and high-dose (5250 mg) nelonemdaz. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with modified Rankin Scale scores of 0–2 at 12 weeks.

Results:

Two hundred eight patients were assigned to the placebo (n=70), low-dose (n=71), and high-dose (n=67) groups. The groups had similar baseline characteristics. The primary outcome was achieved in 183 patients, and it did not differ among the groups (33/61 [54.1%], 40/65 [61.5%], and 36/57 [63.2%] patients;
P
=0.5578). The common odds ratio (90% CI) indicating a favorable shift in the modified Rankin Scale scores at 12 weeks was 1.55 (0.92–2.60) between the placebo and low-dose groups and 1.61 (0.94–2.76) between the placebo and high-dose groups. No serious adverse events were reported.

Conclusions:
The study arms showed no significant difference in the proportion of patients achieving modified Rankin Scale scores of 0–2 at 12 weeks. Nevertheless, nelonemdaz-treated patients showed a favorable tendency toward achieving these scores at 12 weeks, without serious adverse effects. Thus, a large-scale phase III trial is warranted.

Registration:

URL:
https://clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02831088.
The Sasanian Elephant Corps Revisited: Ammianus Marcellinus on the Tactics of Persian Elephantry
Authors: Dmitriev Vladimir 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
According to Ammianus Marcellinus, elephants substituted, to some extent, siege towers; he describes wooden towers on the backs of the animals, armed with Persian warriors who attacked the defenders of a fortress. Certainly, elephants may have served as an element of ancient psychological warfare. But, at the same time, it appears that the Sasanians employed elephants in their battle fighting, bearing warriors who attacked their enemies with various missiles. In open-field battles, elephants, as a rule, were introduced into the battle in an offensive situation. Ammianus Marcellinus does not offer any evidence as to elephants functioning as beasts of burden or draught animals; on the contrary, he always stresses the fact that they were military animals who posed a real danger to the Romans in battle.
Modeling Spatial Distribution of Snow Water Equivalent by Combining Meteorological and Satellite Data with Lidar Maps
Authors: Mital Utkarsh , Dwivedi Dipankar , Özgen-Xian Ilhan , Brown James B. , Steefel Carl I. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An accurate characterization of the water content of snowpack, or snow water equivalent (SWE), is necessary to quantify water availability and constrain hydrologic and land surface models. Recently, airborne observations (e.g., lidar) have emerged as a promising method to accurately quantify SWE at high resolutions (scales of ∼100 m and finer). However, the frequency of these observations is very low, typically once or twice per season in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado. Here, we present a machine learning framework that is based on random forests to model temporally sparse lidar-derived SWE, enabling estimation of SWE at unmapped time points. We approximated the physical processes governing snow accumulation and melt as well as snow characteristics by obtaining 15 different variables from gridded estimates of precipitation, temperature, surface reflectance, elevation, and canopy. Results showed that, in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, our framework is capable of modeling SWE with a higher accuracy when compared with estimates generated by the Snow Data Assimilation System (SNODAS). The mean value of the coefficient of determination R2 using our approach was 0.57, and the root-mean-square error (RMSE) was 13 cm, which was a significant improvement over SNODAS (mean R2 = 0.13; RMSE = 20 cm). We explored the relative importance of the input variables and observed that, at the spatial resolution of 800 m, meteorological variables are more important drivers of predictive accuracy than surface variables that characterize the properties of snow on the ground. This research provides a framework to expand the applicability of lidar-derived SWE to unmapped time points.

Significance Statement
Snowpack is the main source of freshwater for close to 2 billion people globally and needs to be estimated accurately. Mountainous snowpack is highly variable and is challenging to quantify. Recently, lidar technology has been employed to observe snow in great detail, but it is costly and can only be used sparingly. To counter that, we use machine learning to estimate snowpack when lidar data are not available. We approximate the processes that govern snowpack by incorporating meteorological and satellite data. We found that variables associated with precipitation and temperature have more predictive power than variables that characterize snowpack properties. Our work helps to improve snowpack estimation, which is critical for sustainable management of water resources.
Effect of seawater and stress coupling on the durability of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer
Authors: Li Jiaxing , Jia Bin , Li Biao , Xu Qingfeng , Huang Hui 
Published: September 2022

Using pre-stressed carbon fibre reinforced polymer/plastic (CFRP) to strengthen bridge structures is currently considered a promising technology and the durability of the structure is closely related to the material property. CFRP have good corrosion resistance, but they also experience different degrees of swelling, corrosion and hydrolysis in water immersion environments. Stress accelerates this effect and leads to deterioration of the mechanical properties of the materials. This work aims to investigate the durability of CFRP grids under water, wet-dry cycles of seawater, seawater immersion and 0% fu ( fu is the ultimate tensile strength of the tested CFRP grids and it is constant stress in this paper), 30% fu, 60% fu coupled environments.Test aging time at room temperature (25°C) of 30, 60, 120, 180, 270, 360 days. The results indicate that the surface of epoxy resin is smooth at the initial moment by comparing of scanning electron microscope (SEM) image. With the increase of deterioration degree with aging time, the cavities and cracks appeared in the matrix. The epoxy resin content between the fibers decreased, and the adhesion force decreased. When the aging time is short, the tensile damage section of CFRP grid is flaky and the matrix is tightly bonded with the fiber. The later damage is mainly blow-up damage, which the fracture section is typical filiform. After CFRP grids aged for 360 days, the tensile strength decreased by 6.2%, 10.2%, 10.9% in the water, seawater solution and seawater wet-dry cycle environments. The tensile strength decreased by 10.2%, 12.3% and 20.2% under the coupling of seawater and different stress levels. A semi-empirical model of durability is proposed to provide a good reference value for the durability prediction of FRP materials.
Measurement of Risk Factors Associated With bereavement Severity and Deterioration by COVID-19: A Spanish Validation Study of the Pandemic Grief Risk Factors
Authors: Caycho-Rodríguez Tomás , Lee Sherman A. , Vilca Lindsey W. , Carbajal-León Carlos , Reyes-Bossio Mario , Delgado-Campusano Mariel , Gallegos Miguel , Carranza Esteban Renzo , Noe-Grijalva Martin 
Published: September 2022

The present study translated and evaluated the psychometric evidence of the Pandemic Grief Risk Factors (PGRF) in a sample of 363 people from the general population of Peru who suffered the death of a loved one by COVID-19 (63-4% women and 36.6% men, where 78.5% were between 18 and 29 years old). The findings indicated that the PGRF is a unidimensional and reliable measure. The PGRF items can differentiate between individuals with different levels of risk factors and thus cover a wide range of the latent construct. Also, a greater sense of distress for each of the risk factors for pandemic grief is necessary to answer the higher response categories. Risk factors significantly and positively predict COVID-19-associated dysfunctional grief. The results indicated that the PGRF in Spanish is a measure with adequate psychometric properties to measure risk factors for pandemic grief.
A Feasibility Study of Bilateral Wrist Sensors for Measuring Motor Traits in Children With Autism
Authors: Konrad Jeffrey , Marrus Natasha , Lang Catherine E. 
Published: September 2022

Direct, quantitative measures of hyperactivity and motor coordination, two motor characteristics associated with impairment in autism, are limited. Wearable sensors can objectively index real-world movement variables that may relate to these behaviors. Here, we explored the feasibility of bilateral wrist accelerometers for measuring upper limb activity in 3–10-year-olds with autism ( n = 22; 19 boys, 3 girls; M age = 5.64, SD = 2.73 years) and without autism ( n = 26; 15 boys, 11 girls; M age = 6.26, SD = 2.47 years). We investigated the relationships between movement characteristics related to duration, intensity, complexity, and symmetry on the one hand and parent-reported hyperactivity and motor coordination on the other. Participants with and without autism wore the sensors for 12-hour periods. Sensor variables varied by age but not sex, with movement intensity and complexity moderately related to motor coordination. These findings lend preliminary support to wearable sensors as a means of providing ecologically-valid metrics of motor characteristics that impact adaptive function in children with autism.
Methods on reflecting electricity consumption change characteristics and electricity consumption forecasting based on clustering algorithms and fuzzy matrices in buildings
Authors: Zhao Tianyi , Zhang Chengyu , Ujeed Terigele , Ma Liangdong 
Published: September 2022

The extraction and analysis of electricity consumption changing patterns are increasingly important, as they can guide in energy management and efficiency retrofitting. Consequently, it is necessary to extract the laws governing building electricity consumption characteristics. This method should be on an hour-scale and successfully applied online to various buildings. Under these conditions, the method should be as simple as possible to ensure excellent online applications. A matrix model method was developed based on the conventional K-nearest neighbour clustering algorithm, which introduced the concept of electricity intensity levels. This method used the slopes of the power consumption curve as the grading standard for the extraction and assessment of the electricity consumption laws. The validation results for seven different buildings with various functions and climate zones, including the mean absolute error, mean absolute percentage error, mean square error, root mean square error, and coefficient of variance, showed that this method met the aforementioned requirements. Moreover, this method can be used for power consumption prediction, which integrated a process of filtering historical data, leading to better accuracy and less data volume than that of other methods that use historical data for prediction. Practical application This paper proposed a matrix model method based on the conventional K-nearest-neighbour clustering algorithm, which introduced the concept of electricity intensity levels. This method was applied to various buildings online, which coupled the process of filtering historical data and flexible selectivity of models when used on different buildings. This method was used for assessing energy-saving potential, energy-saving retrofit priorities, and power consumption forecasting, which will benefit researchers and engineers.
Long-term results after simultaneous carotid and coronary revascularisation
Authors: Zivkovic Igor , Krasic Stasa , Milačić Petar , Vukovic Petar , Milicic Miroslav , Jovanovic Milos , Tabakovic Zoran , Sagic Dragan , Ilijevski Nenad , Peric Miodrag , Bojic Milovan , Micovic Slobodan 
Published: September 2022

Background The revascularisation strategy for concomitant carotid and coronary disease is unknown. Simultaneous or stage coronary artery stenting and carotid endarterectomy are the most common revascularisation approach in the CABG population. This study aimed to evaluate long-term results after simultaneous carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery. Methods This is a prospective cohort non-randomised single-institution study. During the period from 2012 to 2015, sixty consecutive patients (65.9 ± 7.41 mean) underwent simultaneous carotid artery stenting and coronary artery bypass surgery ( n = 30) or simultaneous carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass surgery ( n = 30). The primary endpoints were short- and long-term rates of adverse events (transient ischemic attack, stroke, myocardial infarction, and death). The mean follow-up was 62.05 ± 11.12 months. Results In-hospital mortality was insignificantly higher in the carotid endarterectomy, and coronary artery bypass surgery group (6.6% vs. 0%), the rate of stroke and myocardial infarction was similar (13.3% and 0% in the carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass surgery group vs. 6.6% and 3.3% in the carotid artery stenting and coronary artery bypass surgery group, respectively). The intensive care unit readmission was significantly higher in the surgical revascularisation approach; it was an independent predictor of hospital mortality. The overall mortality during the follow-up period was 14.28% in both groups. Freedom of the composite adverse outcomes (stroke, myocardial infarction, and death) was 78.55%. Conclusion Comparing two revascularisation strategies is not straightforward due to different anatomical indications for carotid artery stenting and endarterectomy. We consider that each technique has an essential role in carotid revascularisation. Good selection of patients, according to indications, contributes to satisfactory short- and long-term results.
Evaluating a partnership model of hospice enabled dementia care: A three-phased monitoring, focus group and interview study
Authors: McLaughlin Dorry , Hasson Felicity , Reid Joanne , Brazil Kevin , Rutherford Lesley , Stone Carol , van der Steen Jenny T , Ballentine Joanne 
Published: September 2022

Background: People with dementia and their caregivers often lack equitable access to hospice care which is a concern internationally. Domains of best practice in palliative care for this population exist and hospices are urged to become dementia friendly. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the model of ‘Hospice Enabled Dementia Partnership’ mapped to international domains of best practice. Design: Three-phased monitoring, group interview and individual interview study using a formative evaluation framework. SettingParticipants: The partnership model was a collaboration between a large specialist palliative care hospice, a dementia charity and a Health Care Trust in the United Kingdom. Service documents were subjected to documentary review of monitoring activity and key indicators of service success. Group interviews and individual interviews took place with family carers ( n = 12), health care professionals involved in delivering the service ( n = 32) and senior professionals ( n = 5) responsible for service commissioning in palliative or dementia care. Results: One hundred people with dementia were referred to the service between May 2016 and December 2017. Thirty-eight of the 42 people who died, achieved their preferred place of care and died at home. Four themes were derived from the data ‘Impact of Dementia’, ‘Value of the Service’, ‘Information and Learning Needs’ and ‘Working in Partnership’. Conclusions: Positive outcomes resulted from this best practice model; achievement of preferred place of care and death at home, dual benefits of therapies for patients and families and partnership in cross working and learning between services. Replication of this model should be considered internationally.