bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distance Measurement in Industrial Scenarios
Authors: Liu Hao , Liu Chengzhao , Ma Chenzhe , Zheng Hantao , Xu Jianglong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
3D reconstruction technology is one of the important technologies of computer vision. Compared with 2D data, 3D space contains more abundant information, including location information, local / global features and so on. It is of great significance to solve the problem of target distance measurement in a single image scene. It is difficult for neural network to predict hole size without image scale information. In this paper, we focus on the measurement of objects with little change in height in the image. We use the relationship between camera parameters and regional features and the internal relationship between regional features to solve the problems of three-dimensional parameter reconstruction and monocular image distance measurement and use the standard cross entropy loss to optimize the transformer model. This model has achieved good results on the sampled data set.
Publishing unbinned differential cross section results
Authors: Arratia Miguel , Butter Anja , Campanelli Mario , Croft Vincent , Gillberg Dag , Ghosh Aishik , Lohwasser Kristin , Malaescu Bogdan , Mikuni Vinicius , Nachman Benjamin , Rojo Juan , Thaler Jesse , Winterhalder Ramon 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Machine learning tools have empowered a qualitatively new way to perform differential cross section measurements whereby the data are unbinned, possibly in many dimensions. Unbinned measurements can enable, improve, or at least simplify comparisons between experiments and with theoretical predictions. Furthermore, many-dimensional measurements can be used to define observables after the measurement instead of before. There is currently no community standard for publishing unbinned data. While there are also essentially no measurements of this type public, unbinned measurements are expected in the near future given recent methodological advances. The purpose of this paper is to propose a scheme for presenting and using unbinned results, which can hopefully form the basis for a community standard to allow for integration into analysis workflows. This is foreseen to be the start of an evolving community dialogue, in order to accommodate future developments in this field that is rapidly evolving.
Interaction of temperature and relative humidity for growth of COVID-19 cases and death rates
Authors: Khan Atikur R , Abedin Sumaiya , Khan Saleheen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Akin to respiratory tract infection diseases, climatic conditions may significantly influence the COVID-19 epidemic. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, significant efforts have been made to explore the relationship between climatic condition and growth in number of COVID-19 cases. Contentious findings of either positive, negative, or no association with climatic conditions have been reported in many studies based on some early data on COVID-19 cases over a shorter time span. We integrate COVID-19 datasets with long meteorological time series of 29 countries to explore cross-country variation in COVID-19 cases and death rates with respect to temperature and relative humidity. Our empirical study reveals that temperature and relative humidity jointly influence the growth of COVID-19 cases and death rates. We generate predictive scenarios for changes in daily cases and death rates under different combinations of temperature and relative humidity. Low temperature with low humidity in a temperate climate and high temperature with high humidity in a hot and humid climate are found to surge the growth of COVID-19 cases and death rates. These relationships and our predictive scenarios can be applied to generate early warning for any future outbreak to adopt stringency policies, kick-start economic activities, prepare healthcare service plans, and target vaccination coverage.
Field theory of free run and tumble particles in d dimensions
Authors: Zhang Ziluo , Pruessner Gunnar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this work, Doi–Peliti field theory is used to describe the motion of free run and tumble particles in arbitrary dimensions. After deriving action and propagators, the mean squared displacement and the corresponding entropy production at stationarity are calculated in this framework. We further derive the field theory of free active Brownian particles in two dimensions for comparison.
Anomalous diffusion: fractional Brownian motion vs fractional Ito motion
Authors: Eliazar Iddo , Kachman Tal 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGeneralizing Brownian motion (BM), fractional Brownian motion (FBM) is a paradigmatic selfsimilar model for anomalous diffusion. Specifically, varying its Hurst exponent, FBM spans: sub-diffusion, regular diffusion, and super-diffusion. As BM, also FBM is a symmetric and Gaussian process, with a continuous trajectory, and with a stationary velocity. In contrast to BM, FBM is neither a Markov process nor a martingale, and its velocity is correlated. Based on a recent study of selfsimilar Ito diffusions, we explore an alternative selfsimilar model for anomalous diffusion:fractional Ito motion(FIM). The FIM model exhibits the same Hurst-exponent behavior as FBM, and it is also a symmetric process with a continuous trajectory. In sharp contrast to FBM, we show that FIM: is not a Gaussian process; is a Markov process; is a martingale; and its velocity is not stationary and is not correlated. On the one hand, FBM is hard to simulate, its analytic tractability is limited, and it generates only a Gaussian dissipation pattern. On the other hand, FIM is easy to simulate, it is analytically tractable, and it generates non-Gaussian dissipation patterns. Moreover, we show that FIM has an intimate linkage to diffusion in a logarithmic potential. With its compelling properties, FIM offers researchers and practitioners a highly workable analytic model for anomalous diffusion.
Uncertainty relations for multiple operators without covariances
Authors: Chen Bin , Lian Pan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we prove the sum and product uncertainty relations conjectured by V Dodonov for multiple observables. The uncertainty relations for linear combinations of position and momentum recently obtained by Kechrimparis and Weigert are recovered. Furthermore, the entropic uncertainty relations conjectured by the latter authors are proved for specific cases. At last, we revisit the uncertainty relation for triple canonical operators and obtain a tighter bound on real Hilbert space. A quantitative stability result is given as well.
Autocorrelation functions and ergodicity in diffusion with stochastic resetting
Authors: Stojkoski Viktor , Sandev Trifce , Kocarev Ljupco , Pal Arnab 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Diffusion with stochastic resetting is a paradigm of resetting processes. Standard renewal or master equation approach are typically used to study steady state and other transport properties such as average, mean squared displacement etc. What remains less explored is the two time point correlation functions whose evaluation is often daunting since it requires the implementation of the exact time dependent probability density functions of the resetting processes which are unknown for most of the problems. We adopt a different approach that allows us to write a stochastic solution for a single trajectory undergoing resetting. Moments and the autocorrelation functions between any two times along the trajectory can then be computed directly using the laws of total expectation. Estimation of autocorrelation functions turns out to be pivotal for investigating the ergodic properties of various observables for this canonical model. In particular, we investigate two observables (i) sample mean which is widely used in economics and (ii) time-averaged-mean-squared-displacement (TAMSD) which is of acute interest in physics. We find that both diffusion and drift–diffusion processes with resetting are ergodic at the mean level unlike their reset-free counterparts. In contrast, resetting renders ergodicity breaking in the TAMSD while both the stochastic processes are ergodic when resetting is absent. We quantify these behaviors with detailed analytical study and corroborate with extensive numerical simulations. Our results can be verified in experimental set-ups that can track single particle trajectories and thus have strong implications in understanding the physics of resetting.
Passive breath monitoring of livestock: using factor analysis to deconvolve the cattle shed
Authors: Langford Ben , Cash James M , Beel Georgia , Di Marco Chiara , Duthie Carol-Anne , Haskell Marie , Miller Gemma , Nicoll Laura , Roberts S Craig , Nemitz E 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Respiratory and metabolic diseases in livestock cost the agriculture sector billions each year, with delayed diagnosis a key exacerbating factor. Previous studies have shown the potential for breath analysis to successfully identify incidence of disease in a range of livestock. However, these techniques typically involve animal handling, the use of nasal swabs or fixing a mask to individual animals to obtain a sample of breath. Using a cohort of 26 cattle as an example, we show how the breath of individual animals within a herd can be monitored using a passive sampling system, where no such handling is required. These benefits come at the cost of the desired breath samples unavoidably mixed with the complex cocktail of odours that are present within the cattle shed. Data were analysed using positive matrix factorisation (PMF) to identify and remove non-breath related sources of volatile organic compounds. In total three breath factors were identified (endogenous-, non-endogenous breath and rumen) and seven factors related to other sources within and around the cattle shed (e.g. cattle feed, traffic, urine and faeces). Simulation of a respiratory disease within the herd showed that the abnormal change in breath composition was captured in the residuals of the ten factor PMF solution, highlighting the importance of their inclusion as part of the breath fraction. Increasing the number of PMF factors to 17 saw the identification of a ‘diseased’ factor, which coincided with the visits of the three ‘diseased’ cattle to the breath monitor platform. This work highlights the important role that factor analysis techniques can play in analysing passive breath monitoring data.
Development of lignocellulose-based bioethanol from chrysanthemum flower waste (Chrysanthemum sp.)
Authors: Nugrahini A D , Kurniawan M P , Kinasih D A 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe fuel crisis has given a sign that the Indonesian fossil energy reserve is low. Conversely, fuel consumption in the country has been increasing from year to year. The limited resources of fossil energy cause the need for renewable energy development and energy conservation. One form of renewable energy is biomass energy. The biomass energy source can be derived from waste biomass plantations and agriculture. Chrysanthemum flower waste is biomass used as a raw material in bioethanol manufacturing because it has a high cellulose content. This study aims to determine the conditions of the hydrolysis and fermentation processes that produce the highest amount of bioethanol and determine the quality of bioethanol from chrysanthemum waste. The method used in this research was acid hydrolysis with a variation of sulfuric acid concentration at 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% with a deviation of hydrolysis time at 60 minutes and 90 minutes. The type of yeast in the fermentation process wasSaccharomyces cerevisiaeat 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% w/w, with fermentation times used were 3, 5, and 7 days. Based on the research that has been done, the highest ethanol content was 13.53% produced in the hydrolysis treatment using 1% H2SO4concentration with 60 minutes of hydrolysis time and five days of fermentation time with 10% yeast content. The test results for the quality of bioethanol from chrysanthemum flower waste were ethanol content of 13.53%, density 0.981 g/mL, a specific gravity of 0.981, API gravity of 12.711, and a calorific value of 10,422.2 kcal/kg.
The rheological and mechanical properties of natural rubber/graphene composites
Authors: Marlina P , Prasetya H A , Rahmaniar  , Nasruddin  , Nugroho A K , Yusya M K , Andika R , Haryati S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This research focuses on the use of graphene as a filler for natural rubber (NR). The purpose of using graphene is to improve the mechanical properties of rubber compounds and their processing characteristics. Graphene (G) consists of carbon atoms and is an essential filler for polymers to enhance electrical and mechanical properties. The addition of graphene to rubber can improve the wear resistance and mechanical strength of rubber products. Thus, the effect of the graphene filler composition is interesting to study. Variety of graphene loads (10, 20, and 30 part hundred rubber (phr)) were combined with a variety of sulfur fillers (S) (10 and 20 phr) and then composited with natural rubber. The effect of variations in a load of graphene and sulfur fillers on the rheological properties, abrasion resistance, and compression set were studied. The results showed that the optimal combination of the G/S load variation was 20/10 phr. It leads to a more extraordinary strengthening ability that is binding rubber molecules so that the interactions occurred, both physical and chemical, could be formed better with the NR molecular chain. This resulted in distinct rheological properties enhancement such as torque modulus and curing time. In contrast, the mechanical properties like abrasion resistance and compression set were still good. The FTIR Spectra of natural rubber-graphene composites confirmed that good filler disperses were obtained due to several intramolecular interactions of carbon graphene with NR molecules. Graphene can be used as a filler for rubber products, mainly rubber, abrasion, and compression resistant, and an alternative for commercial fillers.
Optimization of the energy consumption of the shredder of the tops for the sustainable development of agriculture
Authors: Abramov Y N , Borychev S N , Kostenko M Y , Uglanov M B , Tsymbal A A , Yudaev Y A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To optimize energy costs during the cutting process, a mathematical model is constructed and the calculation results are studied to optimize the cutting process. The proposed model is built for the operation of the rotor of the haulm shredder, but the technique of its construction can be used for any systems in which rotational movements are used to cut plants. A method for constructing a rotation model of the haulm shredder rotor with respect to two centers of rotation is presented. The method is based on the solution of differential equations of motion, the theorem on the center of mass of the system and the energy conservation law. To obtain an analytical expression, differential equations were solved that related the deviation of the cutting element of the haulm shredder from a radial position. Modeling showed that in the operating mode, at an angular velocity co of rotor rotation of more than 100 rad s1, the dependence is almost linear and can be replaced by the formula in the characteristic mass range of rotating knives 0.7-1.5 kg in relation to T ∼ 0.6-0.001co.
The determination of the hormonal program efficiency in estrus synchronization of high-yield cows for sustainable agricultural development
Authors: Galchenko V A , Pereryadkina S P , Kocharyan V D , Bakanova K A , Faizulina N S , Budtuev O V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
At present, the improvement of methodological approaches and the search for more rational methods of hormonal processing for estrus synchronization in cows remains one of the urgent tasks of agricultural science and veterinary practice. As a result of the studies carried out, the influence of hormonal preparations on the dynamics of the corpus luteum lysis and the growth of follicles in the cows ovaries was determined using ultrasound diagnostics. As a result of ultrasound examination, it was found that the double use of Prosolvin promotes lysis of the corpus luteum. This is also evidenced by the low concentration of progesterone in the serum of cows. After the application of Gonadin ultrasound images show an active formation of follicles, the size of which gradually increases and reaches the maximum size before artificial insemination.
Organic pig farming as part of green economy
Authors: Komlatsky G V , Slozhenkina M I , E`lizbarov R V , Mosolov A A , Frolova M V , Miroshnik A S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Organic agriculture is an important area of high-quality food production and one of the stages of transition of agricultural production to green economy rails. At the moment, assortment on the Russian market of organic products is limited and there are no meat products in general. The aim of this study is to analyze the state of domestic pig breeding and the possibilities of conversion a certain segment of the industry to organic production. The methodological basis was the results of researches by domestic, foreign scientists, as well as our own studies. In the course of the work, general methods of scientific knowledge were used, which ensured reliability of the obtained results. Taking into account global trend towards healthy nutrition, Russian pig breeding has all prerequisites for conversion to organic production. Due to the high marginality of organic pig breeding, the presence in Russia of large labor and land resources suitable for organic production, there are all the prerequisites for organic pork to enter the world agrifood market. The implementation of this direction will require small business development, creation of a certification system for meat and meat products, training of qualified organic zootechnicians, as well as development and improvement of technologies.
Evaluation of the quality, environmental safety and biological value of functional curd product
Authors: Kryuchkova V V , Gorlov I F , Slozhenkina M I , Lomonova N V , Belik S N , Skripin P V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The authors conducted studies to assess the quality and calculation of biological value of the developed curd product. Estimation of organoleptic parameters was carried out with use of tasting scale of curd and curd products estimation, on the basis of which the profilogram was built and it was established that the developed curd product received the maximum quantity for taste and smell, appearance and consistency. Nutritional value of the experimental sample increased due to introduction of whey proteins and sesame seeds: protein (by 2.0%), appearance of carbohydrates (0.3%) and dietary fibers (0.05%). In the experimental sample the number of lactic acid microorganisms considerably exceeds both the normal values and the values of the control sample, which proves its probiotic properties and indicates a high physiological value. The calculated amino acid scoring of the eight essential amino acids is quite high and ranges from 105.9% valine to 191.0% tryptophan, which is well balanced and significantly exceeds the ideal protein. The biological value of the experimental sample with sesame seeds and whey proteins was 65.2%, the utility coefficient was 0.77, which indicates its high biological value and high balance of the amino acid composition.
Ham production using processed apple products
Authors: Slozhenkina M I , Gorlov I F , Bozhkova S E , Ermolova K A , Serkova A E , Khramova V N 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article analyzes the possibility and rationality of using apple processing products as food additives to increase the nutritional value of products, substantiates the expediency of using a vegetable component (apple pomace) in the technology of smoked-boiled ham products. To assess the technological potential of using apple pomace in the production of smoked-cooked sausages, experimental studies were carried out using generally accepted methods to study the basic properties of raw materials and control samples - products without the addition of powdered apple pomace, and prototypes - products with the addition of apple pomace according to the developed recipe. Formulations have been optimized and a method has been developed for the production of a combined composition of protein-fat emulsion, which is recommended to be introduced instead of 22% of the main unsalted meat raw materials. According to the results obtained, a sample containing 6% apple pomace has the best quality indicators.
The effect of anode axial position on the performance of a miniaturized cylindrical Hall thruster with a cusp-type magnetic field
Authors: GAO Yuanyuan , WANG Weizong , LI Yifei , XUE Shuwen , CAI Guobiao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A 200 W cylindrical Hall thruster with a cusp-type magnetic field was proposed, manifesting convergent plume and high specific impulse. In this paper, a series of ring-shaped anodes are designed and the influence of anode axial position on the performance of CHT with a cusp-type magnetic field is studied. The experimental results indicate that the thruster keeps stable operation at the condition of 140–270 W discharge power. When the anode moves axially towards the upstream cusp field, the thrust enhances from 6.5 mN to 7.6 mN and specific impulse enhances from 1658 s to 1939 s significantly. These improvements of thruster performance should be attributed to the enhancement of current utilization, propellant utilization and acceleration efficiency. According to the analyses on the discharge characteristics, it is revealed that as the anode moves upstream, the electron transport path could be extended, the magnetic field in this extended path could impede electron cross-field transport and facilitate the ionization intensity, yielding to the enhancement of current utilization and propellant utilization efficiency. Moreover, along with this enhancement of upstream ionization at the given anode flow rate, the main ionization region is thought to move upstream and then separate more apparently from the acceleration region, which has been demonstrated by the narrowing of ion energy distribution function shape. This change in acceleration region could decrease the ion energy loss and enhance acceleration efficiency. This work is beneficial for optimizing the electrode structure of thruster and recognize the ionization and acceleration process under the cusp magnetic field.
Nonlinear one-dimensional constitutive model for magnetostrictive materials
Authors: Imhof Alecsander N , Domann John P 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper presents an analytic model of one dimensional magnetostriction. We show how specific assumptions regarding the symmetry of key micromagnetic energies (magnetocrystalline, magnetoelastic, and Zeeman) reduce a general three-dimensional statistical mechanics model to a one-dimensional form with an exact solution. We additionally provide a useful form of the analytic equations to help ensure numerical accuracy. Numerical results show that the model maintains accuracy over a large range of applied magnetic fields and stress conditions extending well outside those produced in standard laboratory conditions. A comparison to experimental data is performed for several magnetostrictive materials. The model is shown to accurately predict the behavior of Terfenol-D, while two compositions of Galfenol are modeled with varying accuracy. To conclude we discuss what conditions facilitate the description of materials with cubic crystalline anisotropy as transversely isotropic, to achieve peak model performance.