bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomical Alterations Caused by Meloidogyne incognita in the Rhizospheric Region of Curcuma longa in Baruasagar Town of Jhansi (U.P.) India
Authors: Sachan Abha , Kashyap Neelam , Sengar Manvendra 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRoot‐knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita are sedentary endoparasites with a broad host range which includes economically important medicinal plant species including Turmeric. Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is an important medicinal and aromatic plant (MAPs) grown at Baruasagar town in Jhansi district where root‐knot nematodes are a major threat in production fields. The invasion of M. incognita causes serious morphological abnormalities like stunted growth and yellowness of leaves above the ground and the formation of galls at the rhizospheric root, below the ground. The infected root samples of C. longa were collected from three different agro‐ecosystem zones of Baruasagar town of Jhansi and processed for optical microscopic investigation. For ascertaining the histopathological modifications, the galled roots were collected and the egg masses were picked from them for culture. The giant cells observed with thicker irregular cell walls and possessed dense cytoplasmic contents with multiple nuclei.
On the Ubiquity of Oriented Double Rays
Authors: Gut Florian , Krill Thilo , Reich Florian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA digraph is called ubiquitous if every digraph that contains arbitrarily many vertex‐disjoint copies of also contains infinitely many vertex‐disjoint copies of . We study oriented double rays, that is, digraphs whose underlying undirected graphs are double rays. Calling a vertex of an oriented double ray a turn if it has in‐degree or out‐degree 2, we prove that an oriented double ray with at least one turn is ubiquitous if and only if it has a (finite) odd number of turns. It remains an open problem to determine whether the consistently oriented double ray is ubiquitous.
Standardized biopsy protocols improve adherence to eosinophilic esophagitis and celiac disease endoscopic biopsy guidelines
Authors: Tam Sharon S. , Williams Beth , Kohli Rohit , Saeed Shehzad 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectivesOptimal detection of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and celiac disease (CeD) requires appropriate sampling of the upper gastrointestinal tract during endoscopy. However, endoscopic biopsy guidelines are poorly followed in clinical practice. A quality improvement (QI) initiative was undertaken to improve adherence to published EoE and CeD biopsy guidelines by creating standardized biopsy protocols.MethodsA biopsy form with disease‐specific biopsy protocols was created and implemented. Endoscopists were initially asked to complete the form pre‐procedure to indicate anticipated biopsies. After integration into the electronic health records (EHR), the form was completed by the primary treating clinician at the time endoscopy was requested. Data were collected through chart review of endoscopy and pathology reports. Statistical process control charts were used to analyze these metrics: adherence to biopsy guidelines (outcome measure), biopsy form utilization (process measure), and immediate and delayed procedural complications (balancing measures). Baseline adherence to biopsy guidelines was determined by retrospective chart review of upper endoscopies performed pre‐intervention.ResultsOverall adherence to biopsy guidelines improved from an average of 45% to 78.9% with our interventions. Improvement was sustained during the 2‐year study period. Adherence to biopsy guidelines improved from an average of 55% to 84% for EoE and from 13.3% to 69.5% for CeD. Decreased variability in biopsy practice was noted over time. The EHR‐integrated form led to consistently high utilization (>90%). Both immediate and delayed complications remained zero.ConclusionsStandardization of endoscopic biopsies using an EHR‐integrated pre‐procedure checklist leads to improved and sustained adherence to recommended EoE and CeD biopsy guidelines.
Managing a chronic skin ailment with non‐ionic surfactant based micro‐emulgel loaded with bio‐actives: Formulation, characterization and biological evaluation
Authors: Vyas Khushbu , Channawar Madhuri , Dalal Jayshree , Chandewar Anil , Jumade Prasad 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn a global report on psoriasis, World Health Organization stated that, a significant portion of the global population suffers from psoriasis, a chronic, non‐contagious autoimmune, inflammatory skin disorder mediated by T cells with unpredictable relapse. Overall, there is ample evidence to suggest that the treatment of psoriasis with synthetic agents is associated with ample of systemic long term side effects. The present study aims at the use of novel nanosized carriers for plant bio‐actives to significantly enhance the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of plant actives and avoid side‐effects of synthetic agents. In present study, we have created Quercetin and Ferulic acid loaded micro‐emulsion formulations using, oleic acid, Polysorbate 80 and propylene glycol as the oil, surfactant, and co‐surfactant, respectively. To make topical psoriasis treatment easier, various batches of microemulsions with surfactant: cosurfactant compositions ranging from 31%w/w to 34%w/w were prepared and embedded in a hydrogel system containing gelling agents like sodium alginate and carbapol 940. Numerous parameters, including viscosity, spreadability, globule size, zeta potential, polydispersibility index, refractive index, percent transmittance, conductivity test, etc., were assessed for these developed microemulsions and micro‐emulgels (microemulsion loaded hydrogels). The created formulations were found pharmaceutically satisfactory and known to possess good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, the most commonly known pathogen which can be the possible agent to exaggerate the psoriatic symptoms.
Physicochemical characterization, bioactive compounds, and in vitro digestion characteristics of Moringa oleifera seed oil: a comprehensive investigation
Authors: Wang Yandan , Xu Hua , Wei Wei , Yu Le , Meng Xiangyong , Wang Xingguo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDMoringa oleifera is a wild plant belonging to the genus Moringa and the family Moringaceae, which possesses valuable nutritional and medicinal properties and is inexpensive. The present study aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of the potential of M. oleifera seed oil (MoSO) as a food ingredient by investigating its physicochemical properties, bioactivity, and in vitro digestion characteristics.RESULTSThe results revealed that MoSO exhibited a high oleic acid content, which constituted 72.06 ± 0.17% of the total fatty acid content. The oil consisted of ten primary triacylglycerols, with O‐O‐O (40.64 ± 0.41%), Do‐O‐O (17.22 ± 0.17%), O‐O‐P (14.92 ± 0.15%) and Eo‐O‐P (10.50 ± 0.10%) being the most abundant. It contained certain bioactive compounds, such as tocopherols (224.04 ± 1.78 mg/kg) and phytosterols (2155.65 ± 23.45 mg/kg). The in vitro digestion behavior of MoSO emulsion was also investigated. The maximum release of free fatty acids in MoSO was 90.14 ± 2.77%, surpassing that observed in soybean oil (85.62 ± 3.01%). Moringa oleifera seed oil also exhibited a substantial release of oleic acid and greater bioaccessibility.CONCLUSIONThese findings contribute to the current knowledge on MoSO as a promising candidate for a high‐quality edible vegetable oil. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
A Reassessment of the Clinical Utility of 68Ga‐DOTATATE PET/CT in Patients With Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Prela Orjola , Caveney Brennen , Strawderman Myla , Linehan David , Galka Eva , Schoeniger Luke , Hezel Aram , Badri Nabeel , Carpizo Darren R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundGastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP‐NETs) are a rare and biologically diverse group of tumors that are challenging to image. 68Ga‐DOTATATE PET/CT is the most sensitive imaging tool for these tumors, and while its use has increased over time, its clinical impact remains unclear, particularly for clinical scenarios involving surveillance after treatment. We sought to reassess its clinical utility across all stages.MethodsRetrospective study of pathologically confirmed GEP‐NET patients between 1/1/2020 and 9/1/2022 at a tertiary care center. Demographic, clinical, and radiographic data were analyzed. The primary objective was to determine if PET/CT use was associated with a change in clinical management. The secondary objective was to determine if PET/CT was superior in identifying primary or metastatic lesions compared to traditional imaging.ResultsOne hundred twenty‐four patients with GEP‐NETs underwent 207 PET/CT scans. The majority of scans were obtained for disease surveillance (70.2%) or staging (37.9%), and the remaining (3.2%) were used to aid in diagnosis or before PRRT initiation (3.2%). Following PET/CT scan, 51 patients (41.1%) had a change in clinical management, with change being higher among those with metastatic disease (44.9% vs. 14.5%). Of the 124, 72 patients had traditional imaging available for comparison. In this subgroup, 34 patients (47.2%) had new lesions identified on PET/CT that were not identified using traditional imaging resulting in a change in management in 79.4% favoring patients with M1 versus M0 disease (26.9% M0 vs. 58.7% M1, p = 0.010).Conclusion68Ga‐DOTATATE PET/CT imaging is clinically most useful for initial staging and in surveillance and monitoring response to therapy in the metastatic setting. It is least useful for surveillance in the early‐stage setting and does not support its use following curative intent surgery. It remains superior to unlabeled imaging in sensitivity and the additional disease burden detected is highly likely to change management.
Phase I/II Trial of Perioperative Avelumab in Combination With Chemoradiation in the Treatment of Stage II/III Resectable Esophageal and Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer
Authors: Uboha Nataliya V. , Basree Mustafa M. , Eickhoff Jens C. , Deming Dustin A. , Matkowskyj Kristina , Maloney James , McCarthy Daniel , DeCamp Malcolm , LoConte Noelle , Emmerich Philip B. , Kraus Sean , Patel Monica A. , Kratz Jeremy D. , Lubner Sam J. , Hurst Newton , Bassetti Michael F. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesStandard treatment of patients with stage II/III esophageal or gastroesophageal junction (E/GEJ) cancer involves neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT), resection, and immunotherapy. Our trial evaluated the addition of perioperative avelumab to standard treatments.MethodsPatients with resectable E/GEJ cancers received avelumab with nCRT and adjuvant avelumab after resection. Primary endpoints for phase I and II portions were safety and pathologic complete response (pCR) rate, respectively. Secondary endpoints included recurrence‐free survival (RFS), surgical complication prevalence, and R0 resection rate.ResultsTwenty‐two patients enrolled in the study. Median follow‐up during data cutoff was 23.9 months. There were no dose‐limiting toxicities during the run‐in phase. Nineteen patients (86.4%) underwent resection with R0 resection rate of 78.9% and with pCR rate of 26%. Most common treatment‐related adverse events (TRAE) were cytopenias from chemoradiation. Aside from one grade ≥ 3 avelumab‐related hypersensitivity, no grade ≥ 3 avelumab TRAEs were seen. Median RFS was not reached, and 1‐year RFS and overall survival were 71% and 81%, respectively. The study was terminated before full planned accrual due to standard practice change based on the CheckMate 577 trial.ConclusionsThe addition of perioperative avelumab to nCRT was tolerable and demonstrated promising outcomes.
Prolonged grief symptoms and lingering attachment predict approach behavior toward the deceased
Authors: Eisma Maarten C. , de Lang Thomas A. , Christodoulou Katerina , Schmitt Lara O. , Boelen Paul A. , de Jong Peter J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFollowing the death of a loved one, both approach behaviors related to the deceased (i.e., engagement with feelings, memories, and/or reminders of the deceased) and the avoidance of reminders of the death are theorized to precipitate severe and persistent grief reactions, termed prolonged grief. The “approach‐avoidance processing hypothesis” holds that these behavioral tendencies occur simultaneously in prolonged grief disorder (PGD). We tested this hypothesis using a novel free‐viewing attention task. Bereaved adults (N = 72, 81.9% female) completed a survey assessing prolonged grief symptoms, depressive symptoms, and lingering attachment and a free‐viewing task assessing voluntary attention toward pictures of the deceased and combinations of the deceased with loss‐related words (i.e., loss‐reality reminders). A main finding was that participants with higher prolonged grief symptom levels, ρ(70) = .32, p = .006, and more lingering attachment, ρ(70) = .26, p = .030, showed stronger attentional focus toward pictures of the deceased. No significant association emerged between either prolonged grief symptom levels or lingering attachment and attention toward loss‐reality reminders. The findings suggest that higher prolonged grief symptom levels may be characterized by persisting approach tendencies toward the deceased. Countering excessive proximity‐seeking to the deceased in therapy could be beneficial for bereaved adults who show severe and persistent grief reactions.
Sarcopenia and cachexia: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions
Authors: Wang Tiantian , Zhou Dong , Hong Zhen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSarcopenia is defined as a muscle‐wasting syndrome that occurs with accelerated aging, while cachexia is a severe wasting syndrome associated with conditions such as cancer and immunodeficiency disorders, which cannot be fully addressed through conventional nutritional supplementation. Sarcopenia can be considered a component of cachexia, with the bidirectional interplay between adipose tissue and skeletal muscle potentially serving as a molecular mechanism for both conditions. However, the underlying mechanisms differ. Recognizing the interplay and distinctions between these disorders is essential for advancing both basic and translational research in this area, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and ultimately achieving effective therapeutic solutions for affected patients. This review discusses the muscle microenvironment's changes contributing to these conditions, recent therapeutic approaches like lifestyle modifications, small molecules, and nutritional interventions, and emerging strategies such as gene editing, stem cell therapy, and gut microbiome modulation. We also address the challenges and opportunities of multimodal interventions, aiming to provide insights into the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of sarcopenia and cachexia, ultimately aiding in innovative strategy development and improved treatments.
Altered zygotic gene expression caused by sperm with Tdrd6 variants disrupts early embryonic development
Authors: Hu Zhijie , Zhang Yuqi , Cai Renfei , Chen Qiuju , Guo Haiyan , Li Danjun , Lin Weidong , He Hongxi , Wu Haibo , Liu Yali , Li Bin , Xi Qianwen , Gao Hongyuan , Zhang Jian , Lyu Qifeng , Kuang Yanping , Lu Xuefeng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe precise mechanisms behind early embryonic arrest due to sperm‐related factors and the most effective strategies are not yet fully understood. Here, we present two cases of male infertility linked to novel TDRD6 variants, associated with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) and early embryonic arrest. To investigate the underlying mechanisms and promising therapeutic approaches, Tdrd6 knock‐in and knock‐out mice were generated. The Tdrd6 variant male mice demonstrated OAT and embryonic arrest, mirroring the clinical observations of our patients. Sperm from both affected individuals and mice exhibited aberrant localization of phospholipase C zeta and oocyte activation deficiency (OAD). The application of artificial oocyte activation (AOA) effectively overcame the infertility caused by the variants, facilitating successful pregnancies and live births in both human and mice. Additionally, our research revealed that OAD influences the expression of multitude of genes at the 2‐pronuclear (2PN) stage, with the Mos gene playing a pivotal role in early embryonic arrest. The injection of Mos mRNA can mitigate this arrest. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that sperm‐related OAD affects gene expression at the 2PN stage and elucidate how AOA overcomes male factor‐derived embryonic arrest, enabling successful pregnancies and live births.
Loading of CAR‐T cells with magnetic nanoparticles for controlled targeting suppresses inflammatory cytokine release and switches tumor cell death mechanism
Authors: Pfister Felix , Carnell Lucas R. , Löffler Lisa , Boosz Philipp , Schaft Niels , Dörrie Jan , Stein René , Lenz Malte , Spiecker Erdmann , Huber Christian M. , Haddadin Sami , Berking Carola , Alexiou Christoph , Janko Christina 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTherapies against hematological malignancies using chimeric antigen receptors (CAR)‐T cells have shown great potential; however, therapeutic success in solid tumors has been constrained due to limited tumor trafficking and infiltration, as well as the scarcity of cancer‐specific solid tumor antigens. Therefore, the enrichment of tumor‐antigen specific CAR‐T cells in the desired region is critical for improving therapy efficacy and reducing systemic on‐target/off‐tumor side effects. Here, we functionalized human CAR‐T cells with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), making them magnetically controllable for site‐directed targeting. SPION‐loaded CAR‐T cells maintained their specific cytolytic capacity against melanoma cells expressing the CAR‐specific antigen chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG4). Importantly, SPIONs suppressed cytokine release in the loaded CAR‐T cells, shifting the cell death phenotype in the tumor cells from pyroptosis to apoptosis. Furthermore, SPION‐loaded CAR‐T cells could be enriched in a dynamic flow model through an external magnetic field and be detected in MRI. These results demonstrate that lytic cytotoxicity is retained after SPION‐functionalization and provides a basis for future site‐specific immunotherapies against solid tumors with reduced systemic adverse side effects.
Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number as a Potential Biomarker for the Severity of Motor Symptoms and Prognosis in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Jo Sungyang , Oh Ji‐Hye , Lee Eun‐Jae , Choi Moongwan , Lee Jihyun , Lee Sangjin , Kim Tae Won , Sung Chang Ohk , Chung Sun Ju 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundMitochondrial function influences Parkinson's disease (PD) through the accumulation of pathogenic alpha‐synuclein, oxidative stress, impaired autophagy, and neuroinflammation. The mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA‐CN), representing the number of mitochondrial DNA copies within a cell, serves as an easily assessable proxy for mitochondrial function.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the diagnostic and prognostic capabilities of mtDNA‐CN in PD.MethodsWe assessed mtDNA‐CN in blood samples using whole genome sequencing from 405 patients with PD and 200 healthy controls (HC). We examined the relationship between mtDNA‐CN levels and motor symptom severity in PD, as well as their association with dementia development in patients with early‐PD (within 3 years of diagnosis).ResultsmtDNA‐CN levels were significantly lower in patients with PD compared with HC (P = 1.1 × 10−5). A negative correlation was discovered between mtDNA‐CN level and motor severity in PD (correlation coefficient = −0.20; P = 0.008). Among 210 patients with early‐PD, Cox regression analysis demonstrated an association between lower mtDNA‐CN levels and a higher risk of developing dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.41, 95% confidence interval: 0.20–0.86, P = 0.02), even after adjusting for age and blood cell count (HR = 0.41, 95% confidence interval: 0.18–0.92, P = 0.03). However, mtDNA‐CN levels did not significantly correlate with motor progression in PD.ConclusionOur findings suggest that blood mtDNA‐CN may function as a diagnostic biomarker for PD and a prognostic marker for dementia in patients with PD. © 2025 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Development of high‐performance wood based composites using microwave‐assisted deep eutectic solvent pretreatment, polymeric resin/silica impregnation and densification
Authors: Abouzeid Ragab , Alqrinawi Hussein , Shayan Mohammad , Koo Meen Sung , Lin Hai , Wu Qinglin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHigh‐performance wood‐based composites were developed through combined microwave energy‐deep eutectic solvent (MWE‐DES) pretreatment, resin/silica impregnation, and high‐temperature densification to improve their mechanical, structural, and dimensional stability properties for advanced structural uses. Microscopic imaging, chemical composition, stability, and mechanical properties with basswood samples provided a comparative analysis of the test materials. The results show that the MWE‐DES treated basswood had a highly porous network structure with partial removal of lignin and hemicellulose. The bending strength of modified basswood was enhanced from 60.9 MPa of raw basswood to 83.2, 87.4, 99.9, and 105.8 MPa after treatment durations of 30, 60, 90, and 120 min., respectively. Furthermore, impregnating the delignified basswood with resin or silica significantly enhanced its bending strength, achieving 246 and 198 MPa, respectively. The high mechanical strength of treated wood composites is due to the combined effect of enhanced cell‐wall fibril bonding at the micro/nanoscale, strengthening with cured resin, and/or SiOSi bonding between wood fibrils and silica. Additionally, thermal stability, dimensional stability, and termite resistance of the treated wood composites were also improved. The recoverability of lignin, hemicellulose, and used DES were demonstrated.Highlights
Microwave energy and deep eutectic solvent treatment partially delignified wood.
Removing lignin and hemicellulose led to a highly porous wood cell wall structure.
Resin/silica impregnation and densification modified macro/micro wood structures.
Enhanced wood fibril‐fibril and fibril‐resin or silica bonding improved wood strength.
Lignin, hemicellulose, and DES were recovered, promoting sustainability.