bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal respiratory virus circulation was diminished during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Heiskanen Aliisa , Galipeau Yannick , Little Julian , Mortimer Leanne , Ramotar Karamchand , Langlois Marc‐André , Cooper Curtis L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundMeasures introduced during the COVID‐19 pandemic intended to address the spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 may also influence the incidence of other common seasonal respiratory viruses (SRV). This evaluation reports laboratory‐confirmed cases of common SRV in a well‐defined region of central Canada to address this issue.MethodsSurveillance data for common non‐SARS‐CoV‐2 SRV in Ottawa, Canada, was provided by the Eastern Ontario Regional Laboratory Association (EORLA) reference virology lab. Weekly reports of the number of positive tests and the proportion that yielded positive results were analyzed from August 26, 2018, to January 2, 2022.ResultsA drastic reduction in influenza and other common SRV was observed during the 2020–2021 influenza season in the Ottawa region. Influenza was virtually undetected post‐SARS‐CoV‐2 emergence. Rhinoviruses and enteroviruses were the only viruses that remained relatively unaffected during this period.ConclusionsWe speculated that the introduction of nonpharmaceutical measures including masking to prevent SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission contributed to the near absence of SRV in the Ottawa region. These measures should remain a key component in addressing spikes in SRV activity and future pandemics.
Effect of antipyretics on performance of influenza surveillance in Ghana
Authors: Frimpong Joseph Asamoah , Ampofo William Kwabena , Nyarko Kofi Mensah , Duque Jazmin , Aboagye James , Koram Kwadwo , Widdowson Marc‐Alain 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe World Health Organization's case definition for influenza‐like illness (ILI) includes a measured temperature of ≥38°C. We conducted this study to assess the effect of antipyretics on performance of ILI surveillance in Ghana.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in two districts of Ghana from September 2013 to May 2014. We collected epidemiological data and respiratory specimens from an expanded ILI case definition, which included patients presenting to health facilities with measured temperature ≥38°C or reported fever (but afebrile at the time of evaluation), and cough, with onset in the last 10 days. Specimens were tested for influenza viruses by real time reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction.ResultsOf 321 participants who met our expanded ILI case definition, 236 presented with temperature of <38°C but reported subjective fever. Of these, 17% (39/236) were positive for influenza virus; Of those with fever ≤38°C who took antipyretics, 21%(16/77) were positive for influenza, compared with 14%(23/159) of those who did not take antipyretics. The addition of subjective fever to the standard ILI case definition captured approximately an additional 57% influenza cases but also required testing of approximately four times as many patients. However, including those without fever on presentation that had taken antipyretics found an additional 23% of Influenza cases and only two times as much testing.ConclusionDepending on the goals of surveillance (monitoring virus circulation or determining disease burden) and available resources, a more sensitive case definition including subjective fever and history of use of antipyretics may be warranted.
Sm3+‐based single‐band ratiometric thermometer with tunable sensitivity
Authors: Yang Yuanbo , Li Panlai , Zhang Zixuan , Wang Zhijun , Suo Hao , Li Leipeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRational design of single‐band ratiometric (SBR) thermometers has gained considerable attention over the past 5 years. However, the intensity of the excited state absorption mechanism, which is often involved in SBR thermometry, is not such unsatisfactory. Here, we provide a novel SBR temperature measurement method, depending on Sm3+‐doped calcium tungstate. It has been demonstrated that the charge‐transfer‐ and ground‐state absorption mechanisms have the totally opposite responses to the change of temperature. Relying on these two excitation mechanisms, a sensitive SBR thermometry is proposed. In addition, its relative sensitivity could be modulated flexibly by just adjusting excitation modes. The maximum relative sensitivity is as high as 1.98% per K at 318 K. Our results are expected to provide a reference for more researchers to design optical thermometers.
Origin of the distinction in hardness of lower tungsten carbides: An experimental and ab initio theoretical study
Authors: Deng Chao , Zhong Lisheng , Wang Xianhui , Zhu Jianlei , Peng Jianhong , Hu Xu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe so‐called lower tungsten carbides W2C and Fe3W3C often appear in tungsten carbide–reinforced iron matrix (WC–Fe) composites. The effect of their presence on the mechanical properties of the material, such as hardness, is not well understood. In this study, we extensively measured the hardness distribution in the WC–Fe composites and also performed hundreds of microhardness measurements to determine the hardness values for the lower carbides. The hardness values calculated by ab initio were compared, where the theoretical values of Fe3W3C had little difference from the experimental values. However, the experimentally obtained hardness data for W2C were significantly smaller than the reported theoretical data. Moreover, the experimental hardness values for W2C reported in the literatures are very different. To understand the origin of the discrepancy, the focused‐ion‐beam–transmission‐electron‐microscopy technique was used to obtain the high‐resolution images of W2C, which revealed a high density of planar defects. As a further comparison, ab initio molecular dynamics simulations illustrate that the complex interactions between different atomic pairs in Fe3W3C make it difficult for this type of crystal defect to occur. The lattice of W2C can adjust—resulting in shuffle defects and stacking faults—to a certain degree affecting its hardness, which was not revealed in previous studies.
Enhanced high dielectric characteristics tri‐layered structural ceramics for 5G/6G communications
Authors: Huang Zipeng , Qiao Jianli , Sun Niefeng , Chen Chunmei , Wang Yang , Li Lingxia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTri‐layered structural Zn0.997Cu0.003ZrNb2O8–TiO2+ZnO/TiO2+CuO/TiO2–Zn0.997Cu0.003ZrNb2O8 ceramics with different mass fractions of TiO2+ZnO/TiO2+CuO/TiO2 were successfully prepared. The advantages of the multilayered design were completely demonstrated, and the microwave dielectric characteristics were modified by the components of each dielectric layer. In comparison to the random distribution‐type, Zn0.997Cu0.003ZrNb2O8@TiO2+ZnO, this tri‐layered construction could increase the Q f value by approximately 100%. Meanwhile, based on the electronic compensation mechanisms, the Q f value of the tri‐layered structural ceramics with TiO2‐doped interlayer can be increased by nearly 20% compared with that of the pure TiO2 interlayer. The Zn0.997Cu0.003ZrNb2O8–TiO2+ZnO–Zn0.997Cu0.003ZrNb2O8 tri‐layered ceramic exhibited excellent dielectric characteristics ( = 33.75, Q × f = 59 000 GHz, and = +2.27 ppm/°C) with 0.05 wt% TiO2+ZnO sintered at 1240°C for 6 h, and the integrated optimization of microwave dielectric characteristics was achieved. This article provides a strategy for the synthesis of high‐performance microwave dielectric components for application in 5G/6G wireless communication technologies.
Effect of Al2O3 addition on the thermal expansion of sodium alkaline‐earth silicate glasses: A molecular dynamics study
Authors: Urata Shingo , Kado Rikiya 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCoefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) is an important property to consider when utilizing oxide glasses in thermal treatment processes to avoid thermal damage at the interfaces of the glasses with heterogeneous materials. It is thus important to know the effect of additives on CTE for designing glasses. The use of alumina efficiently improves chemical and mechanical durability of oxide glasses while maintaining the functionality and productivity; however, alumina‐doping often induces nonlinear variation of CTE. In this work, we therefore tried to investigate the relationship between CTE and the microstructure of sodium alkaline‐earth aluminosilicate glasses using classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. To accurately model the glasses, we extended a force‐matching potential by optimizing the parameter sets for Ca–O, Mg–O, and Na–O pair interactions using Bayesian optimization. The MD simulations reproduced the nonlinear variation of CTE as a function of alumina content, and detailed structural analyses identified inhomogeneous expansion in the glasses. It was found that the nonuniform CTE change at the nanoscale was related to the formation of an alumina‐rich region, in which more fivefold‐coordinated aluminum exist, when alumina content exceeded Na2O content. Accordingly, the microstructural change by alumina‐doping was identified as the origin of the nonlinear variation in the CTE of the glasses.
The correlation of the scattering coefficient and morphology‐based microstructure in yttria‐stabilized zirconia coatings
Authors: Wang Yao , Hsu Pei‐Feng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe microstructure dependence of thermal radiative properties is critically needed to the design and operation of the thermal barrier coating systems. In this study, different yttria‐stabilized zirconia coating layers are fabricated by air plasma spray with three average porosities 5.9%, 14.5%, and 23.3% at coating thickness from 283 to 955 µm. The room‐temperature, spectral directional–hemispherical transmittance, and reflectance are measured over the wavelength range from 1.35 to 2.5 µm. The radiative properties of absorption and scattering coefficients are reduced by using a hybrid method of the discrete ordinate method and the Kubelka–Munk four‐flux method. Using the image processing tools developed in‐house, the porosity and pore size distribution (PSD) are obtained from SEM images for each coating. A numerical algorithm is used to convert the two‐dimensional PSD into a three‐dimensional PSD assuming that all pores are spheroid. The scattering coefficient is directly computed by the Mie theory based on the PSD. The new approach provides a predictive model of radiative properties based on the PSD, which is extracted from the coating cross‐section images. Comparison of radiative properties obtained by the direct Mie theory computation and those obtained by the reduction from spectral measurement is made and discrepancy is discussed.
‘Feeling down one evening doesn't count as having mental health problems’—Swedish adolescents' conceptual views of mental health
Authors: Hermann Veronica , Durbeej Natalie , Karlsson Ann‐Christin , Sarkadi Anna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsTo explore Swedish adolescents' conceptual views of mental health and mental health problems.DesignA qualitative descriptive study design.MethodsSemi‐structured focus group interviews and individual interviews were conducted with, in total, 32 Swedish adolescents (15–18 years old) in October–November 2020. Data were analysed using systematic text condensation.ResultsThree themes were identified through the analysis: Mental health is about how we feel; One's mental health depends on one's situation, thoughts and ways of coping; and Mental health problems should be taken seriously and can get severe.ConclusionThe results indicate that adolescents understand the complexity and holistic nature of mental health and mental health problems. According to the participating adolescents, positive mental health and mental health problems should be considered simultaneously to understand a young person's mental health state. Good health was described as having both absence of mental health problems and high levels of well‐being: feeling well. Mental health problems were defined as something other than normal difficulties in life, but ranging from minor difficulties to more severe conditions. However, all kinds of mental health problems were termed as feeling unwell. The results suggest that adolescents are in need of support to cope with normal difficulties in life rather than lectures about life sometimes being challenging. In addition, the results highlight the need to prevent school‐related stress and offer adolescents support for minor mental health problems.ImpactThe findings have implications for nurses and other professionals who encounter adolescents in their profession, for example specialist nurses, school nurses and public health professionals. The findings add knowledge that could be useful for communication with adolescents about their mental health and methods to assess their mental health status.Patient or Public ContributionThe preliminary results were presented to three classes, in year nine in lower secondary school, for validation.
Mathematical modeling of Bacillus cereus in Saengsik, a powdered ready‐to‐eat food and its application in quantitative microbial risk assessment
Authors: Hwang Daekeun , Park Jin Hwa , Yoon Yohan , Ha Sang‐Do , Rhee Min Suk , Koo Minseon , Kim Hyun Jung 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, we developed a mathematical model to describe the fate of Bacillus cereus in Saengsik, a powdered ready‐to‐eat food with reduced moisture content, and to estimate the probability of B. cereus infection from Saengsik consumption, using quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA). The isothermal kinetic behavior of B. cereus was analyzed as a function of temperature (5–40°C). Bacterial cell counts were fitted to the Weibull model using GinaFit, and the obtained delta values (required time for the first decimal reduction) for each temperature were 128.3–17,124.1 hr and concave (ρ < 1) were observed under all experimental conditions. The obtained delta values were analyzed using the Davey model as a function of temperature, and the performance of the developed model of survival of B. cereus was appropriate based on the validation parameters (Bf, Af, and RMSE) within the acceptable range. QMRA model was developed using data on the prevalence and concentration of B. cereus along with time and temperature along the retail‐to‐consumer steps. Using a baseline model with the currently available data, the probability of B. cereus infection was zero. These results provide useful information for the risk assessment and management of microbial risk in foods, especially those with very low‐moisture content.
Primary renal neuroendocrine neoplasms: A systematic literature review, report of four local cases, and original survival analysis of 63 patients from a national registry 2012–2018
Authors: Paisey Sangeeta A. , Weerasuriya Scott , Palmer Kieran , White Benjamin E. , Srirajaskanthan Rajaventhan , Chandrakumaran Kandiah , Ramage John K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPrimary renal neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are rare. We aimed to conduct a systematic review, present local cases, and analyse data from the England's National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service (NCRAS) to provide comprehensive evidence on clinical experience, incidence, and survival to better characterize these tumours. First, a systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) method; second, a synthesis of local cases; and, finally, a retrospective population‐based cohort analysis of renal NEN recorded between 2012 and 2018 on NCRAS were performed. Kaplan–Meier estimator was used to calculate overall survival and Cox proportional hazard regression to identify prognostic factors. Systematic review identified 48 articles and the evidence was summarized and presented. We reported data from four local cases presenting with abdominal and back pain but without carcinoid syndrome. In population‐based analysis, we identified 63 cases of renal NEN between 2012 and 2018 from the registry. Age‐standardized incidence was 0.09–0.32 per million with a median age of 64 years (interquartile range = 48–72 years). Survival was worse in males and those aged 64 years and over. Five‐year survival for renal neuroendocrine tumours (NET) was 69.8% (95% confidence interval = 66.6–72.7) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) was 38.4% (95% confidence interval = 34.6–42.0). No independent predictive factor was identified in the multivariable analyses. We have given a systematic review of evidence, published local experience, and reported incidence and survival of renal NEN in England for the first time. We have provided clinicians with evidence on diagnosis and proposed a treatment algorithm of theses rare tumours. The incidence and median age of presentation in England is similar to other published series. Renal NET has better survival than renal NEC as expected. A uniform classification system would reduce inconsistencies in reporting and standardize treatment decisions for this neoplasia.
Home care nursing practice for older persons with heart failure living at home
Authors: Bjornsdottir Kristin , Ceci Christine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo enhance knowledge of how older people with heart failure, living at home, manage their illness with the support of their family caregivers and home care nursing services.BackgroundHeart failure monitoring and self‐care have been important means of reducing the serious impact of heart failure. Drawing on theories of practice as enacted and conceptualising service users and their family caregivers as active, the idea of attunement was used to explore how home care nurses work in supporting them.DesignEthnographic case study.MethodData collection involved home visits and interviews (10 home care users, 10 caregivers, five home care team leaders). Data were field‐notes and transcribed interviews. Themes were deductively developed from the findings, informed by the theoretical background, using content analysis. The COREQ checklist was used.FindingsThree themes were developed from the data: (1) Practices of attunement in relations, (2) Becoming among difficulties and (3) Off track—difficult to attune around self‐care.ConclusionsThe findings reflect the complexity of heart failure monitoring at home, showing how, in addition to self‐care measures, users are supported by an array of informal and formal care. The caregiving situation is shaped by relations among participants and involves making oneself available to the situation. We suggest a stance of attunement for home care nurses, which demands tact and calls for interest, engagement and openness.Relevance to Clinical PracticeStudy findings caution against limiting heart failure monitoring to circumscribed tasks, instead calling for a holistic understanding of what may be helpful for users. Home care nurses need time to attune with users living with heart failure and their caregivers to prevent exacerbations and promote well‐being.No Patient or Public ContributionAlthough patients were not formally involved in study design ethnography favours their voice.
On the connectedness of commodity markets: A critical and selective survey of empirical studies and bibliometric analysis
Authors: Balcilar Mehmet , Usman Ojonugwa , Agan Busra 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe low correlation between commodities and traditional assets, particularly after the crash of the equity market in the year 2000, is seemingly a major factor influencing global investors' appetite to embrace commodities as a profitable alternative financial asset. In this paper, we critically and selectively provide the knowledge map of the connectedness of commodity markets based on the scientific articles published on the Web of Science (WoS). In doing this, we group the literature survey based on notable commodity markets and provide an overview of the empirical literature based on single‐ and cross‐commodity markets. The key finding of the literature survey is that there is connectedness within and across commodity markets, with evidence of time variations triggered largely by global financial crises. In addition, from 144 articles over the last two decades (1990–2021), significant conceptual clusters and networks arise, which suggest a close density of networks in terms of the keyword clusters, keyword plus co‐occurrences, country collaborations, and journal co‐citations. Furthermore, there are significant conceptual clusters that cover the association of connectedness type, commodity market, type of statistical analysis, association of major energy shocks, futures market, co‐movement, and association of transmission in stock and gold markets. Our analysis, therefore, suggests, among other things, the need for future research to analyze the pricing of pollution credits as the newest commodity market. This helps economic actors, investors, and policymakers have a better understanding of the dynamic behavior of commodity prices.
Transanal total mesorectal excision for primary rectovaginal carcinosarcoma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Onishi Takuto , Amano Tsukuru , Miyake Toru , Nakamura Akiko , Yoneoka Yutaka , Nisimura Hiroki , Tsuji Shunichiro , Tani Masaji , Murakami Takashi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe report a case of rectovaginal septum carcinosarcoma successfully treated with surgical excision via transanal total mesorectal excision following platinum‐based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A 48‐year‐old woman presented with a 3‐week defecation pain preceding the visit. Pelvic imaging showed an 8‐cm sized lesion in the lower rectovaginal septum. Transvaginal biopsy and immunohistochemical analysis were performed. After three courses of carboplatin‐paclitaxel‐bevacizumab therapy, the mass reduced by half. Subsequently, laparoscopic excision with transanal total mesorectal excision, and radical hysterectomy were performed. The anus was preserved, and dysuria improved within a month. The final histopathological diagnosis was carcinosarcoma of the rectovaginal septum from an uncertain origin, presumably endometriotic or mesonephric. Twelve months following surgery, solitary liver metastasis was confirmed; however, there was no evidence of local recurrence. Total mesorectal excision following platinum‐based neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be an ideal treatment for gynecological malignancies in the rectovaginal septum, especially for large tumors localized deep into the pelvis.
Parenting stress and attachment insecurity in young adulthood: A social relations model
Authors: An Danming , Jager Justin , Putnick Diane L. , Bornstein Marc H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe used the Social Relations Model to inspect the individual‐ and dyad‐specific components of attachment among young adults and their parents, and examined the relationship between these components and parenting stress.BackgroundYoung adulthood is a transitional period in which the whole family is concerned with “launching” the young adult and exploring new ways to interact with and attach to one another. However, research on young adulthood attachment has primarily focused on young adults' attachment style rather than reciprocal attachments among family members.MethodWhen the young adults were age 23, mothers, fathers, and young adults from 156 families reported their mutual attachment security. At ages 18 and 23, parents of the adolescent/young adult reported their parenting stress in interparental and parent–child relationship domains.ResultsAttachment in the families of young adults can be separated into three components: (1) actor effects (each family member's internal working model of attachment), (2) partner effects (characteristics of each family member as an attachment figure), and (3) relationship effects (dyad‐specific attachment between family members). Increase in parenting stress in a family subsystem (dyad of family members) predicted attachment insecurity within the subsystem. Additionally, compensatory effects across family subsystems were observed.ConclusionAttachment in the family during young adulthood is explained by family members' own characteristics as well as dyad‐specific interactions and is predicted by parenting stress in family subsystems.