bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Verifying Microservice Autoscaling Using Probabilistic Model Checking
Authors: Jawaddi Siti Nuraishah Agos , Ismail Azlan , Cardellini Valeria 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Microservices can independently adjust their capacity to match demand while the autoscaling feature in cloud computing facilitates the users (i.e., developers) to provision resources required by their applications with less human intervention. Kubernetes is one of the well-known technologies used to deploy microservice-based applications and many autoscaling methods have been proposed to improve the behavior of its Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA). Despite many research efforts have been recently devoted to investigate microservice autoscaling, there is still a lack of studies that consider the correctness of the scaling decision as well as the effect of the scaling process on host energy consumption and system scalability factors. Therefore, in this work we aim to take into account formal verification in the microservice autoscaling decision-making process by utilizing Markov Decision Process (MDP) and probabilistic model checking. To this end, we propose five MDP model variations, inspired by the scaling behavior of Kubernetes-based HPA, analyze the performance of the models from a combination of metrics. The Base Model is built by considering the CPU utilization metric in decision making, while the other models extend it by including several additional metrics to enhance the decision (i.e., latency, response time, energy consumption, and performance change). We use the PRISM-games model checker for the analysis purpose by verifying the properties specified in Probabilistic Computation Tree Logic (PCTL). Through our experiments, the decision made by the Full Model which considers all the metrics has outperformed the other models in terms of minimizing the energy consumption and leading to a good scalability level (i.e. scalability near to 1).
Preliminary outcomes of intraoperative cartilage thickness measurement in kinematically aligned robot- assisted total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Turan Kayhan , Camurcu Yalkin , Kezer Murat , Uysal Yunus , Kizilay Yusuf Onur , Temiz Abdulaziz 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the preliminary outcomes of the intraoperative cartilage thickness measurement in kinematically aligned robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods: Patients who underwent kinematically aligned robot-assisted TKA were included in this study. Three-point cartilage thickness measurement was performed from the intact distal femoral cartilage by a digital caliper intraoperatively in order to detect the actual cartilage thickness of the patient. Hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA), mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA), mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA), joint-line orientation angle (JLOA), and joint-line convergence angle (JLCA) were measured through standing full-length anteroposterior radiographs. Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Oxford score, VAS pain and satisfaction score, and Forgotten Joint Score were used to assess clinical outcomes. Results: A total of 142 knees of 109 patients (92 females and 17 males) were evaluated in this study. The mean cartilage thickness was 1.9 ± 0.5 mm, 2.2 ± 0.6 mm, and 2.0 ± 0.5 mm from anterior to posterior respectively (p = 0.006). There was a significant correction in HKA, JLCA, and mMPTA postoperatively (p = <0.001, <0.001, and 0.029, respectively). We observed no significant change in mLDFA and JLOA measurements. All clinical scores significantly increased at the latest follow-up. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that distal lateral femoral cartilage thickness varied among patients and also differed in the different regions of the condyle. Cartilage thickness measurement technique in kinematically aligned robot-assisted TKA demonstrated no significant change in mLDFA and JLOA, but significantly corrected HKA, mMPTA, and JLCA.
Building individualized brain network from T1 images: a radiomic definition, characteristics and applications
Authors: Liu Han , Ma Zhe , Wei Lijiang , Peng Yun , Bin Jing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
T1 image is a widely collected imaging sequence in various neuroimaging datasets, but it is rarely used in constructing individualized brain structural network. In this study, a novel individualized Radiomics-based structural similarity network (iRSSN) was proposed to form a new type of structural network from T1 images. The voxel-based morphometry was used as the preprocessing steps and Radiomics features were subsequently extracted to achieve the multi-view structural information in each region of interest. Finally, iRSSN was built with the correlational relationships of the demeaned features between any brain regions. After that, the network/biomarker characteristics of iRSSN were ascertained, including graph theory analysis, test-retest reliability and individual brain fingerprint. At last, two representative applications with large datasets were exemplified for iRSSN, including the stable mild cognitive impairment (sMCI) and progressive mild cognitive impairment (pMCI) discrimination and fluid intelligence prediction. The results revealed that iRSSN not only owns remarkable network/biomarker characteristics but also displays valuable performances in both sMCI/pMCI classification and fluid intelligence prediction. In summary, iRSSN provides a unique, reliable and efficient manner to understand the brain structural connectome, and could be extended into various neuropsychological and clinical applications with great potentials.
Bribery across nations
Authors: Köbis Nils , Dorrough Angela , Irlenbusch Bernd , Shalvi Shaul , Gloeckner Andreas 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Curbing bribery presents a global grand challenge. Increasingly bribery occurs across national jurisdictions. While behavioral approaches to study bribery have gained popularity to help design better anti-corruption policies, research has merely examined bribery within single nations. Here we provide first behavioral insights on cross-national bribery. We ran a pilot study (across three nations) and a large incentivized online experiment using a bribery game played across 18 nations (total N = 6,472). Results uncover that people offer bribes to interaction partners from nations with a reputation for being corrupt. People widely agree on expectations about a nation's bribery acceptance levels, but these expectations negatively correlate with reality, indicating incorrect shared expectations about bribery. The national background of one’s interaction partner matters more than one’s own national background for the emergence of cross-national bribery. The findings advance behavioral science of ethical behavior that has focused individual behavior by revealing a strong social influence from the respective interaction partners. Our behavioral insights also inform evidence-based anti-bribery policies and question previous cultural-deterministic views on bribery.
Determinants of Malaria Spending Efficiency in Sub-Saharan Africa: Double Bootstrap Data Envelopment Analytics
Authors: Arhin Kwadwo , Frimpong Albert Opoku , Boso Richard , Acheampong Kwame 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The main objective of this study was to examine malaria spending efficiency and its associated factors between 2013 and 2019.
Methods
This study employed the two-stage double bootstrap data envelopment analysis (DEA) proposed by Simar and Wilson. In the first stage, technical efficiency scores are estimated using the output-oriented variable returns to the scale (VRS) DEA framework. In the second stage, the double bootstrap DEA model was used to identify the environmental variables that affect malaria spending efficiency.
Results
The overall malaria spending efficiency score was estimated to be 82.9% (95% CI: 81.4–84.4%) over the study period. This estimate suggests that malaria treatment and prevention outcomes can potentially be improved by at least 17% by using existing resources. We found a significant association between efficiency and education, temperature levels, nurses and midwives’ density, and the proportion of children of age five who slept in insecticide-treated bed nets.
Conclusion
To achieve the targets spelt out in the Global Technical Strategy for malaria by 2030, policymakers must not only be concerned with improving educational outcomes but also consider ways to mitigate the effects of climate change and improve access to healthcare services.
The efficacy and mechanism of platelet-rich plasma on the myogenic differentiation process of adipose-derived stem cell: A bioinformatics and experimental study
Authors: Wang Xiaochen , Fei Wenyong , Liu Mingsheng , Shen Fanglin , Liu Yu , Gu Sanjun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can effectively treat injury of musculoskeletal system, but there is no consensus on whether it can effectively promote the myogenic differentiation of adipose mesenchymal stem cells.
Methods
Dataset of PRP in the treatment of musculoskeletal injury was obtained by GEO database and the key pathways of PRP were identified by KEGG enrichment analysis. PPI network was constructed by Cytoscape and core gene was identified by the MOCODE. ADSCs were clutivated in vitro and 5-Aza combined PRP were added. MTT were performed to determine the cell viability. Cell senescence was detected by β-galactosidase. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of MHC and MyoD. Core gene expression was detected by RT-PCR. Mito-tracker staining and transmission electron microscope were performed respectively.
Results
GSE70918 was obtained and 148 differentially expressed genes were obtained. KEGG analysis showed the differential genes were enriched in GPCR-related pathways. CCL2 was set as core gene. MTT showed that PRP significantly increase the viability of ADSCs and the IC50 was 19.4 µmol/L. After the addition of 5-Aza combined with PRP, β-galactosidase showed the number of senescent cells decreased significantly, immunofluorescence staining showed the expression of MHC and MyoD increased significantly, RT-PCR showed the expression of CCL-2 decreased significantl, mito-tracker staining showed the number of mitochondria increased and transmission electron microscopy showed the number of mitophagy increased significantly.
Conclusion
PRP can effectively protect the viability of ADSCs, promote myogenic differentiation efficiency and promote mitophagy. The above functions may be caused by inhibiting the expression of CCL-2.
Design and Research of College English Reading, Writing and Translation Teaching Class Based on 5G Technology
Authors: Wang Min 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Traditional college English lectures, writing, and translation through wireless networks have numerous drawbacks. As a result, investigation and advancement for fifth-generation (5G) technologies is already underway. High data rates, reduced delay, energy saving, minimum price, improved system potential, and large-scale devices interconnection are all features of 5G, the fifth generation of mobile communications technology. The 5G wireless network interaction methodology for digital cellular network that allows high amounts of information traffic and a large count of wireless connections, is known as the 5G network. The use of the latest 5G technologies must be integrated into the curriculum to achieve higher order educating capabilities. Educators must make complete utilization of network sources, particularly 5G network interaction tools, to enhance English lecture, writing, and translation, as the rapid growth of 5G network interaction methodology offers a novel perspective for English lecture, writing, and translation. Based on 5G technology, this article suggests the design of soft computing approaches such as Genetic Algorithm (GA) for college English lecture, writing, and translation. This study claims that network interaction technologies shall promote resource sharing, empower teacher-student connection, and improve students' overall English writing performance by researching this novel kind of network. To increase the performance of the suggested system, 5G network-dependent English writing and interaction tools are employed in this paper.
Strengthening country-led water and sanitation services monitoring and data use for decision-making: lessons from WaterAid experience in four countries
Authors: Kimbugwe Ceaser , Davis Tim , Goff Fraser , Greggio Ellen , Chanthet Sokhadeva , Kiap Benjamin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are fundamental human rights, of critical importance to health, education, wellbeing, and economic prosperity. To fulfil these human rights and drive progress towards universal and sustainable access to WASH services, government service-level monitoring processes and data use are vital for effective decision-making and accountability. Despite increasing sector efforts to improve WASH data access, there is limited evidence of this translating into effective data use to inform effective planning for equitable access and budgeting and of the factors affecting this. Four case studies where WaterAid has worked with national government and sector stakeholders to strengthen WASH monitoring processes in Uganda, Cambodia, Papua New Guinea (PNG), and Myanmar were analysed through an analytical framework to understand the impact of different factors and related system-strengthening activities towards outcomes of increased data coordination, timely and relevant data availability and data use to inform decision-making in WASH service delivery. The analysis highlighted that strengthening activities aiming at improving indicators, data collection and analysis, and the type of data collection and visualisation technology have a direct impact on improving WASH sector coordination and timely data availability. However, to ensure strengthening activities support data use for decision-making, they need to be developed from within and adapt to the on-going wider political economy systems evolution, including formal processes such as decentralisation and evolving informal political drivers.
Molecular Modelling and Virtual Screening to Identify New Piperazine Derivatives as Potent Human 5-HT1A Antagonists and Reuptake Inhibitors
Authors: Ayipo Yusuf Oloruntoyin , Alananzeh Waleed A. , Yahayaa Sani Najib , Mordi Mohd Nizam 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Serotonin/5-HT antagonist and reuptake inhibitors (SARIs) ameliorate depression by increasing the terminal 5-HT through the activation of somatodendritic 5-HT1A autoreceptors. In addition to their therapeutic application as standalone antidepressants, they are co-administered with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) to improve unpleasant side effects associated with SSRI-treated depression. However, only a few of the atypical antidepressants are available and not without some serious aftereffects. This study aims at the identification of novel promising SARIs using computational chemistry and high throughput screening.

Methods:
Pharmacophore features were modelled using LigandScout 4.3 and validated through the area under curve (AUC), enrichment factor (EF) and Guner-Henry (GH) scores. Molecular docking was employed for virtual screening against modelled human 5HT1A homology receptor, molecular dynamics simulations and ADMET predictions.

Results:
The adopted pharmacophore possesses AUC, EF and GH scores of 0.7, 30.9 and 0.6 respectively, thus validated and used for molecular database screening. The modelled 5-HT1A homology receptor, validated using RCSB structure validation protocols, was employed for molecular docking and dynamics simulations. From the IBScreen database, the ligands, STOCK6S-36853, STOCK7S-36094, STOCK3S-94557, STOCK7S-28769 and STOCK5S-36248 interacted more strongly against the 5-HT1A receptor with docking scores of -8.735, -8.677, -8.140, -7.911 and -7.710 kcal/mol, and binding free energy of -29.72, -38.87, -29.85, -7.65 and -34.71 kcal/mol respectively, compared to fluoxetine and trazodone (positive controls) while albendazole and metformin (negative controls) scored least. They demonstrated good stability, satisfy the BDDCS RO5 and thus, are identified as potent SARIs.

Conclusion:
The study represents a cost-effective, faster and environmentally friendly approach to the discovery of promising SARI antidepressants for further translational study.
Insights of Lipid Vesicular and Particulate Carrier Mediated Approach
for Acne Management
Authors: Pimple Prachi , Dudhat Shruti , Singh Prabha 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Acne vulgaris is a universal multifactorial human skin condition of the pilosebaceous units.
Although acne majorly prevails in teenagers, it is neither restricted to age group nor gender. Multifarious
causative factors like Propionibacterium acnes, dysregulated sebum secretion, and androgens play
an integral role in the manifestation of acne. Though abundant new chemical entities are convenient for
acne therapy, none can treat this condition without compromising patient compliance. Furthermore,
accessible treatment prevents the ailment and alleviates signs and symptoms with no absolute cure. So
presently, despite the variety of topical formulations, the current market demands an ideal remedy to
fulfill the unmet need for acne management. Extensive research has proved the upper hand of novel
carrier systems over conventional formulations by substantially improving efficacy and eliminating
unpleasant side effects. Lipid-based vesicular and particulate systems are promising prospects due to
their closeness to the intrinsic structure of the skin, which offer delivery of the actives in a more desirable
approach. This review underlines the practicability and superiority of liposomes, niosomes, transfersomes,
ethosomes, cubosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanostructured lipid carriers over conventional
therapies for acne. The review also highlights acne product market survey and available conventional
as well as novel formulations portraying their scope in the market. In a nutshell, lipid-based vesicular
and particulate systems prevail as a propitious modality for treating acne vulgaris as they conduce
better penetrability, localized action, and reduce adverse effects. These systems have the ability to
open a window of opportunities for effective acne alleviation.
Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Antiseizure and Psychiatric
Medications
Authors: Zaccara Gaetano , Franco Valentina 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Antiseizure medications and drugs for psychiatric diseases are frequently used in combination.
In this context, pharmacokinetic interactions between these drugs may occur. The vast majority
of these interactions are primarily observed at a metabolic level and result from changes in the activity
of the cytochrome P450 (CYP). Carbamazepine, phenytoin, and barbiturates induce the oxidative biotransformation
and can consequently reduce the plasma concentrations of tricyclic antidepressants,
many typical and atypical antipsychotics and some benzodiazepines. Newer antiseizure medications
show a lower potential for clinically relevant interactions with drugs for psychiatric disease. The
pharmacokinetics of many antiseizure medications is not influenced by antipsychotics and anxiolytics,
while some newer antidepressants, namely fluoxetine, fluvoxamine and viloxazine, may inhibit CYP
enzymes leading to increased serum concentrations of some antiseizure medications, including phenytoin
and carbamazepine. Clinically relevant pharmacokinetic interactions may be anticipated by
knowledge of CYP enzymes involved in the biotransformation of individual medications and of the
influence of the specific comedication on the activity of these CYP enzymes. As a general rule, these
interactions can be managed by careful evaluation of clinical response and, when indicated, individualized
dosage adjustments guided by measurement of drugs serum concentrations, especially if pharmacokinetic
interactions may cause any change in seizure control or signs of toxicity. Further studies are
required to improve predictions of pharmacokinetic interactions between antiseizure medications and
drugs for psychiatric diseases providing practical helps for clinicians in the clinical setting.
The Immune-based Prognostic Score for the Immunogenomic Landscape
Aanalysis and Application of Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
Authors: Lu Qianzi , Wang Shiyuan , Pan Yi , Yu Yao , Xiong Yuqiang , Wei Haodong , Su Dongqing , Zuo Yongchun , Yang Lei 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Breast cancer is one cancer that develops from breast tissue and one of the major reasons for the death of women all over the world. The tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in tumor immune microenvironment are correlated with the prognosis in breast cancer patients, and play an important role in the occurrence and development of breast cancer.

Method:
In this study, by integrated the immune gene expression of 20 breast cancer cohorts from the public dataset, an immune-based prognostic score was established. This immune-based prognostic score was found to be correlated with prognosis, stromal score, tumor purity, three famous immune checkpoints, and immune escape mechanism in breast cancer patients.

Results:
The clinical application of the prognostic score was verified by the breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy, and good therapeutic benefit of the prognostic score was obtained. In addition, the XGBoost classifier was used to construct for predicting the high and low prognostic score subtypes, and the predictive results indicated that the XGBoost was suitable to predict these two subtypes in breast cancer patients.

Conclusion:
Based on these results, we believed that the prognostic score may be used as an effective prognostic marker and may provide great help for chemotherapy treatment of breast cancer patients
The Content and Sources of Breastfeeding Knowledge for New Mothers in the Netherlands
Authors: Oosterhoff Alberta T. , Sellen Daniel , Haisma Hinke 
Published: May 2022

Background:
In the context of decreasing breastfeeding rates and unsuccessful breastfeeding promotion campaigns, a qualitative research project in the Northern part of the Netherlands was initiated.

Objectives:
As part of the overall project, the aim of this study was to explore the content and sources of breastfeeding knowledge among primiparous women. Identifying and categorizing the content and the sources of breastfeeding knowledge could guide professionals such as midwives and maternity nurses as well as others in the women’s surroundings to engage in disseminating knowledge and therefore support women in achieving their breastfeeding goals.

Methods:
We conducted 26 in-depth interviews from the emic perspective with 13 new mothers pre- and postpartum, up to saturation level. Transcripts were analysed applying thematic analysis. As sensitising concepts, the themes identified were divided into two categories: those gained from 'professional' sources and those obtained from 'popular' sources.

Results:
Five knowledge content themes were identified: (1) pros and cons of breastfeeding, (2) how breastfeeding works, (3) individual breastfeeding practice, (4) expressing milk, and (5) formula feeding. ‘Professional’ sources are perceived as more helpful than ‘popular’ sources, whereas ‘intuition’ was inductively identified as an important knowledge source.

Conclusion:
Limited breastfeeding practice exposure, along with the recommendations to breastfeed for six months and perceptions of breastfeeding as ‘natural’ at the same time, generates much pressure in women. Emphasizing all knowledge content in campaigns, addressing a variety of target groups in women’s social environment, and recognizing intuition as an adequate source of knowledge supported by professionals will facilitate women in making informed infant feeding decisions.