bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model of bubble coalescence in the presence of a nonionic surfactant with a low bubble approach velocity
Authors: Wang Yuelin , Zhang Huahai , Wang Tiefeng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA bubble coalescence model for a solution with a nonionic surfactant and with a low bubble approach velocity was developed, in which the mechanism of how coalescence is hindered by Marangoni stress was quantitatively analyzed. The bubble coalescence time calculated for ethanol–water and MIBC–water systems were in good agreement with experimental data. At low surfactant concentrations, the Marangoni stress and bubble coalescence time increased with bulk concentration increase. Conversely, in the high concentration range, the Marangoni stress and coalescence time decreased with bulk concentration. Numerical results showed that the nonlinear relationship between coalescence time and surfactant concentration is determined by the mass transport flux between the film and its interface, which tends to diminish the spatial concentration variation of the interface, that is, it acts as a “damper.” This damping effect increases with increased surfactant concentration, therefore decreasing the coalescence time at high concentrations.
Periostin as a biomarker in chronic rhinosinusitis: A contemporary systematic review
Authors: Danielides Gerasimos , Lygeros Spyridon , Kanakis Menelaos , Naxakis Stephanos 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe role of periostin, a matricellular protein encoded by the POSTN gene, in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) is reviewed. Periostin is considered a potential biomarker of endotype and may be useful for evaluating response to treatment.MethodsSearch terms in PubMed and Web of Science (1990–March 2022) included: ((periostin) OR (POSTN)) AND ((sinusitis) OR (nasal polyp) OR (CRSwNP) OR (CRS). The primary outcomes were differences in tissue, serum, and nasal lavage between CRSwNP and CRS without NP (CRSsNP) or controls. Associated factors reported to affect periostin expression, data regarding participants’ clinical characteristics, disease endotypes, laboratory methods, and samples’ origin were also pooled. Studies on <10 patients were excluded.ResultsOut of 101 records harvested through database searching, 29 prospective cross‐sectional or case‐control studies were eligible for review and qualitative analysis. Tissue sample origin, concurrent infection, current and past medication, primary or recurrent disease, allergic rhinitis, and smoking status should be considered as confounding factors for periostin levels. Periostin and POSTN messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were consistently and significantly higher in CRSwNP than CRSsNP and controls. Despite the distinctly different inflammation patterns among CRSwNP endotypes, periostin‐related remodeling patterns seemed to be similar.ConclusionTissue and serum periostin levels, and POSTN expression appear elevated in CRSwNP, especially in eosinophilic inflammation, compared to CRSsNP and controls. Disease severity and comorbidities are also reflected in periostin and POSTN values. Carefully designed prospective studies may establish the role of periostin as a biomarker in CRSwNP and allow its incorporation in clinical practice.
Propagation Properties and Application of Radially Polarized Partially Coherent Twisted Vortex Hermite‐Gaussian Schell‐Model Beams
Authors: Pan Keming , Xu Jia , Zeng Zishuai , Zhao Daomu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA class of radially polarized partially coherent twisted vortex Hermite‐Gaussian Schell‐model (RPPCTVHGSM) beams is introduced. The analytical propagation formula for the cross‐spectral density matrix of this beam family is derived. It is found the component of the spectral density and the degree of polarization show twist effects upon propagation. Then, such focused beam family's feasibility to accomplish stable 3D optical capture on both low‐ and high‐index particles is theoretically and numerically analyzed. The results show that utilizing the nonzero order RPPCTVHGSM beam has no limit on the refractive index of particles. Compared with the center of the geometric focal plane, real equilibrium points will shift. Finally, the exact offset of the genuine capture point in each direction is obtained by taking the second‐order RPPCTVHGSM beam as an example. The applications of the work are envisioned in material surface processing and tracking mobile military.
Service lifetime prediction of nitrile butadiene rubber gaskets used in plate heat exchangers
Authors: Zanzi Mateus Sousa , de Souza Elias Luiz , Dutra Gabriel Benedet , Paiva Kleber Vieira , Oliveira Jorge Luiz Goes , Cunha Tiago Vieira , Monteiro André Sampaio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGasketed plate heat exchangers are characterized in a usual heat exchanger class. These systems employ elastomeric gaskets as the sealing element. Several conditions lead to oxidation and deterioration of these materials and their properties. In addition, the complex geometry of the gaskets and operation conditions may cause divergence in the expected aging behavior of the rubber. In light of this, this study aims to predict the service lifetime for nitrile butadiene rubber gaskets used in plate heat exchangers based on their geometry under thermo‐oxidative aging. These gaskets were evaluated by means of Shore A hardness, compression set (CS), and indentation modulus profile. Through aging‐sealing tests, an end‐of‐life criteria was determined concerning CS measurements and the service lifetime prediction was obtained by time–temperature superposition and WLF method. Diffusion‐limited oxidation effects were observed at high temperatures in postaging analysis and a non‐Arrhenius behavior was observed at 170°C. The value of 79% CS was obtained as end‐of‐life criteria from 60 to 140°C, ranged from 731 to 80 days, respectively, revealing an activation energy equivalent to 32.3 kJ mol−1. These results might support the maintenance planning control of gasketed plate heat exchangers.
Stepwise N‐Methylation of Ruthenium and Cobalt 5,15‐Diazaporphyrins: Post‐Functionalization of Porphyrinoid Catalysts
Authors: Nishijo Mayu , Mori Shiho , Nishimura Tsubasa , Shinokubo Hiroshi , Miyake Yoshihiro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPost‐functionalization of porphyrinoid catalysts provides a powerful tool for fine‐tuning their electronic structure. We have succeeded in the stepwise methylation of the peripheral nitrogen atoms in ruthenium and cobalt 5,15‐diazaporphyrins. The axial coordination of an anion to the metal center accelerates the second methylation through charge neutralization. N‐Methylation of the diazaporphyrin complexes effectively controls their electron deficiency, Lewis acidity, and catalytic activity.
Determination of meloxicam in human plasma by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and its application in a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Zhang Siyao , Chen Shutong , Song Yujing , Xin Ying , Cui Ying , Qin Feng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA rapid, selective and sensitive ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) method was developed to detect meloxicam in human plasma. A triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source was used in positive ion mode. Protein precipitation with acetonitrile was used for sample preparation. Meloxicam and 13C6‐meloxicam internal standard were analyzed on an Acquity CSH C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile and water in 0.1% formic acid using a gradient program for separation. The retention time of meloxicam was 1.1 min and the total run time was only 2.0 min. Detection was performed in multiple reaction monitoring mode using an electrospray ionization source with optimized mass spectrometry parameters. The calibration curves were linear in the range 10.0–3.00 × 103 ng/ml (r ≥ 0.99). The within‐run and between‐run RSDs were ≤14.8%. The within‐run and between‐run REs ranged from −4.6 to 10.7%. There was no significant matrix effect, and the recovery rate was high. This method was fully validated, including reinjection reproducibility in human plasma. The method was applied to the pharmacokinetic study. All of the incurred sample reanalysis methods met the criteria.
The Lasegue test: Defining its specificity and sensitivity based on geometry
Authors: Asan Ziya 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Lasegue test ‐also known as the straight leg raise test‐, used for diagnostic purposes in cases of lumbar disc herniation can be explained by geometrical rules. This study aimed to describe the relationship between the apical and basal size of the herniated disc and the Lasegue test, and to describe the specificity and sensitivity of the herniated disc as a function of its height, location, and size. The study evaluated cases diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation with available MRI scans and Lasegue test results. The radix length to the foramen was calculated by recording the apical length and the base length of the herniated disc. The level and apical direction of the herniated discs were also recorded to determine the specificity and sensitivity of the test. Data from a total of 865 cases were analyzed. The apical length of the herniated disc was the most critical criterion for determining the Lasegue test. The Lasegue test is most sensitive and specific in lateral herniated discs at the level of L4‐5. The specificity and sensitivity are decreased in L3‐4, migrated, and sequestered disc herniations. In these cases, false‐negative results may occur. Sensitivity decreases in the median and paramedian herniated discs. Compression of the sciatic nerve reduces herniated disc straightness. The Lasegue test is a test that can be defined according to the rules of geometry. Knowing the factors that decrease specificity and sensitivity and cause false positive/negative results will facilitate correct diagnosis.
A New C22‐Quassinoid with Anti‐Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Activity from Seeds of Brucea javanica
Authors: Yang Cheng‐Bin , Lu Si‐Nan , Lu Cai , Xu Ming‐Ming , Duan Jin‐Ao , Che Chun‐Tao , Zhou Junfei , Zhao Ming 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAn undescribed C22‐quassinoid named sergeolide A (1) and fifteen known quassinoids (2–16) were obtained from the seeds of Brucea javanica (Simaroubaceae). All chemical structures were established based on spectroscopic data and X‐ray diffraction analysis. Sergeolide A (1) is the first example of a naturally occurring C22‐quassinoid bearing a butenolide group fused the A ring of the bruceolide skeleton from Brucea genus. And this is the first report of the NMR data for desmethyl‐bruceines B (2) and C (3) and the crystal structure for bruceolide (11). In addition, all isolates were evaluated for their anti‐pancreatic adenocarcinoma activity by measuring the growth inhibitory of the MIA PaCa‐2 cell lines. Consequently, compounds 1, 7–10, and 12–16 exhibited potent anti‐pancreatic cancer activity in vitro (IC50=0.054∼0.357 μM).
Operational Performance of a Thermosiphon Reboiler under Foaming Conditions
Authors: Strodtmann Laura , Tartler Elisabeth , Jasch Katharina , Scholl Stephan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe evaporation of aqueous solutions with varying surfactant concentrations was investigated with regard to foam formation and performance impairment of the reboiler. Foam formation was induced by partial evaporation in the reboiler and increased with rising driving temperature difference and decreasing operating pressure. Compared to the evaporation of pure water, the addition of surfactants resulted in a reduction in circulation velocity at higher heat fluxes. Temperature profiles in the reboiler tube and area‐averaged heat transfer coefficients were determined to characterize the thermal performance. Only at the lowest surfactant concentration a slight decrease in heat transfer was observed.
Fabrication of Sectionally Permeable Components with Curved Surface by Laser‐Beam Powder‐Bed Fusion
Authors: Xie Dongxu , Fränkle Bernd , Klahn Christoph , Dittmeyer Roland 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDevices in process engineering often include permeable components. As shown in our recent work for planar components, laser‐beam powder bed fusion offers the opportunity to integrate permeable sections into complex monolithic metal parts in one go. This paper extends the approach to components with curved surfaces. Different scan strategies were investigated for their effects on surface morphology and permeability of tubular samples. It was found that in order to ensure consistent properties of a permeable tube, different starting points or rotation of the scan vectors have to be used.
A multidimensional scorecard of KPIs for retrofit measures of buildings: A systematic literature review
Authors: Urbinati Andrea , Chiaroni Davide , Maccarrone Paolo , Messeni Petruzzelli Antonio , Frattini Federico 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe debate on retrofit of buildings has flourished in recent years and it has raised the interest of a growing number of researchers and practitioners. However, current research still lacks a holistic and systemic approach for measuring building retrofitting. The paper presents the results of a systematic literature review on the current state‐of‐the‐art of retrofit measures and their related KPIs for buildings, with the aim to develop a comprehensive and integrated scorecard. In particular, the paper considers several perspectives of building retrofitting, spanning from the areas of sustainability performance to measurement systems in the building industry, and presents and discusses a multidimensional scorecard of KPIs that clusters—from an economic, environmental, and social perspective—the current state‐of‐the‐art of retrofit measures on buildings. Further avenues for research in this field are illustrated and discussed.
Microglial transcriptome diversity: The new milestone to reveal the neuroinflammation in subarachnoid haemorrhage
Authors: Chen Junfan , Wong George Kwok Chu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe diversity of microglial transcriptome after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) was analysed for the first time. By using single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq), microglia were found with diverse microglial substates and significant subgroups were defined. Microglia subsets were found to interact with each other and crosstalk with other kinds of brain cells, which ultimately affected the neuroinflammation in SAH. Microglia‐mediated neuroinflammation has been considered to be the key factor in the evolution of brain injury after SAH, but the pathophysiological mechanisms are still unclear. Under these circumstances, the study comprehensively analysed the changes of microglial transcriptome after SAH, and explored possible modes of activating the inflammatory pathways. This study expanded and systemically laid out the understanding of microglia‐mediated neuroinflammation after SAH and provided strong theoretical support for future microglia modulation research in SAH.
Combining antiviral drugs with BET inhibitors is beneficial in combatting SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Acharya Arpan , Kutateladze Tatiana G. , Byrareddy Siddappa N. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 has resulted in more than 500 million cases and 6 million deaths. Several antiviral therapies and vaccines have been developed to mitigate the spread of this infection. However, new approaches are required to battle emerging SARS‐CoV‐2 variants containing mutations that can reduce the vaccines' efficacy. The use of a combination of antiviral drugs with inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathways has emerged as one of the promising novel approach. In this study, we have shown that SF2523, a dual activity small molecule that inhibits PI3K and BRD4, acts synergistically with the antiviral drugs remdesivir (RDV) and MU‐UNMC‐2. Our findings suggest that the mTOR pathways are necessary for SARS‐CoV‐2 pathogenesis in human cells and that targeting PI3K/BET (bromodomain and extra‐terminal domain proteins) alone or combined with antiviral therapies is beneficial in mitigating SARS‐CoV‐2 and its variants of concern (VOCs).
Reliable data exchange in vehicular delay tolerant networks using AI‐based hybrid trust management
Authors: Chourasia Vishakha , Pandey Sudhakar , Kumar Sanjay 
Published: May 2022

SummaryVehicular delay‐tolerant networks (VDTNs) play prominent part in smart transportation and smart city paradigm to diminish the drivers' risk to meet accidents and offer many infotainment and entertainment services. All the operations are carried out by exchanging data among nodes. However, due to open communication nature of VDTN, the data broadcasted by mobile nodes are quiet susceptible to security attacks. Recently, a number of protocols are proposed for open communication. However, securing such communications and establishing trust value among vehicles are major addressable issues. This is because the existing fraudulent peers can lead to catastrophic circumstances on roads. Along with securing the data carriers, the authenticity and reliability of data is also equally important. In order to identify reliable nodes and maintaining the authenticity of data being communicated, a new artificial intelligence (AI)‐based hybrid trust management framework is proposed in this article. The study particularly exploits the proximity‐based k‐nearest neighbour (kNN) classification model for selecting controlling nodes. Further, decision stump is employed to accomplish trust estimation rules, and backpropagation is used to self‐train the mobile nodes, whenever anticipated trust value is not attained. The proposed scheme maintains the integrity of vehicular nodes and efficiently handles the specified. The trust framework uses a multifaceted direct and recommended trust estimation approach to calculate the global trust values. For comparison, the performance of the proposed method was compared with other trust management approaches.
Effects of age, amyloid, sex, and APOE ε4 on the CSF proteome in normal cognition
Authors: Wesenhagen Kirsten E.J. , Gobom Johan , Bos Isabelle , Vos Stephanie J.B. , Martinez‐Lage Pablo , Popp Julius , Tsolaki Magda , Vandenberghe Rik , Freund‐Levi Yvonne , Verhey Frans , Lovestone Simon , Streffer Johannes , Dobricic Valerija , Bertram Lars ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Blennow Kaj , Pikkarainen Maria , Hallikainen Merja , Kuusisto Johanna , Laakso Markku , Soininen Hilkka , Scheltens Philip , Zetterberg Henrik , Teunissen Charlotte E. , Visser Pieter Jelle , Tijms Betty M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionIt is important to understand which biological processes change with aging, and how such changes are associated with increased Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. We studied how cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomics changed with age and tested if associations depended on amyloid status, sex, and apolipoprotein E Ɛ4 genotype.MethodsWe included 277 cognitively intact individuals aged 46 to 89 years from Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, European Medical Information Framework for Alzheimer's Disease Multimodal Biomarker Discovery, and Metabolic Syndrome in Men. In total, 1149 proteins were measured with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry with multiple reaction monitoring/Rules‐Based Medicine, tandem mass tag mass spectrometry, and SOMAscan. We tested associations between age and protein levels in linear models and tested enrichment for Reactome pathways.ResultsLevels of 252 proteins increased with age independently of amyloid status. These proteins were associated with immune and signaling processes. Levels of 21 proteins decreased with older age exclusively in amyloid abnormal participants and these were enriched for extracellular matrix organization.DiscussionWe found amyloid‐independent and ‐dependent CSF proteome changes with older age, perhaps representing physiological aging and early AD pathology.
The association of perfectionism, health‐focused self‐concept, and erroneous beliefs with orthorexia nervosa symptoms: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Yung Jayson J. , Tabri Nassim 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveOrthorexia nervosa (ON) is a putative eating disorder linked to perfectionism among people who eat healthily (or who want to eat healthily). However, little is known about the process by which perfectionism fosters ON symptoms. Like the Transdiagnostic Cognitive‐Behavioral Theory of Eating Disorders, we hypothesized that perfectionism among people who eat healthily (or who want to eat healthily) fosters ON symptoms indirectly by cultivating a health‐focused self‐concept (i.e., placing overriding importance on health for self‐definition and self‐worth). We also hypothesized that a health‐focused self‐concept would be associated with ON symptoms among people who have erroneous beliefs about the safety and efficacy of maladaptive healthy eating strategies.MethodTo test this moderated mediation model, a sample of people following a healthy eating diet plan and/or who believe they are leading a healthy eating lifestyle (N = 456) were recruited from Amazon's Mechanical Turk and completed measures that assessed perfectionism, health‐focused self‐concept, ON symptoms, and erroneous beliefs about the safety and efficacy of maladaptive healthy eating strategies. They also completed a measure of appearance‐focused self‐concept.ResultsHealth‐focused and appearance‐focused self‐concepts were empirically distinct. As expected, perfectionism was indirectly and positively associated with ON symptoms via a health‐focused self‐concept. Importantly, the indirect association was only observed among participants high, but not low, in erroneous beliefs.DiscussionThe findings support the role of perfectionism in ON. The findings also advance knowledge by identifying a health‐focused self‐concept and erroneous beliefs as potential factors in the etiology and maintenance of ON.
Physicochemical Properties of Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor Larva) Oil and its Hypolipidemic Effect as a Replacement for Dietary Saturated Fat in Mice
Authors: Lee Jin , Lee Hae‐In , Lee Mi‐Kyung 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study analyzes the physicochemical properties of pressed mealworm (Tenebrio molitor larva) oil (PMO) and evaluates the beneficial effects as a replacement for dietary saturated fat. PMO has high contents of unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid and linoleic acid. PMO has a higher γ‐tocopherol content, brighter yellow color, lower ρ‐anisidine value, and total oxidation value than that of lard or olive oil. The cholesterol content of PMO is lower than that of lard. The quality and stability of PMO are better than those of olive oil and lard. After feeding the mice for 12 weeks a high‐fat diet (45% kcal from fat) by replacing the lard with PMO, the serum lipids (free fatty acid and triglyceride), LDL‐cholesterol, nonHDL‐cholesterol, atherogenic index, and insulin levels are significantly lower than those of the control group. PMO replacement reduces the hepatic lipid contents and lipid droplets compared to the control group, which is mediated by down‐regulating the gene expression of the fatty acid uptake (CD36), lipogenesis transcription factors (PPARγ and ChREBP), and lipid biosynthesis‐related enzymes (SCD1 and FAS). These results suggest that PMO is a good quality oil source with potential as a substitute lipid for saturated animal fat.Practical applications: Although some people are anxious about consuming insects, edible insects are one of the rising alternative food sources. The study suggests that pressed mealworm oil suppresses hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis not only by plentiful unsaturated fatty acids but also by affecting the expression of genes related to free fatty acid (FFA) uptake and lipid biosynthesis. The pressed mealworm oil can be successfully used as new edible lipid food ingredients.