bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On quantification errors of R2*$$ {R}_2^{\ast } $$ and proton density fat fraction mapping in trabecularized bone marrow in the static dephasing regime
Authors: Kronthaler Sophia , Diefenbach Maximilian N. , Boehm Christof , Zamskiy Mark , Makowski Marcus R. , Baum Thomas , Sollmann Nico , Karampinos Dimitrios C. 
Published: April 2022

PurposeTo study the effect of field inhomogeneity distributions in trabecularized bone regions on the gradient echo (GRE) signal with short TEs and to characterize quantification errors on and proton density fat fraction (PDFF) maps when using a water‐fat model with an exponential decay model at short TEs.MethodsField distortions were simulated based on a trabecular bone micro CT dataset. Simulations were performed for different bone volume fractions (BV/TV) and for different bone‐fat composition values. A multi‐TE UTE acquisition was developed to acquire multiple UTEs with random order to minimize eddy currents. The acquisition was validated in phantoms and applied in vivo in a volunteer's ankle and knee. Chemical shift encoded MRI (CSE‐MRI) based on a Cartesian multi‐TE GRE scan was acquired in the spine of patients with metastatic bone disease.ResultsSimulations showed that signal deviations from the exponential signal decay at short TEs were more prominent for a higher BV/TV. UTE multi‐TE measurements reproduced in vivo the simulation‐based predicted behavior. In regions with high BV/TV, the presence of field inhomogeneities induced an underestimation in trabecularized bone marrow when using CSE‐MRI at 3T with a short TE.Conclusion can be underestimated when using short TEs (<2 ms at 3 T) and a water‐fat model with an exponential decay model in multi‐echo GRE acquisitions of trabecularized bone marrow.
Blinatumomab overcomes poor prognostic impact of measurable residual disease in pediatric high‐risk first relapse B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Locatelli Franco , Eckert Cornelia , Hrusak Ondrej , Buldini Barbara , Sartor Mary , Zugmaier Gerhard , Zeng Yi , Pilankar Deepali , Morris Joan , von Stackelberg Arend 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundBlinatumomab, a CD3/CD19 BiTE® (bispecific T cell engager) molecule, was superior to high‐risk third course consolidation chemotherapy (HC3) in prolonging event‐free survival (EFS) in children with high‐risk first relapse B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL). Here, we report results from a post hoc measurable residual disease (MRD) analysis of this phase 3 study (NCT02393859).ProcedureChildren >28 days and <18 years with high‐risk first‐relapse B‐ALL in cytomorphological complete remission (M1 marrow, <5% blasts) or with M2 marrow (≥5% and <25% blasts) after induction and two cycles of high‐risk consolidation chemotherapy (baseline) were enrolled in this trial. Patients received one cycle of blinatumomab (15 μg/m2/day, 4 weeks, continuous intravenous infusion) or HC3. The primary endpoint was EFS. In this post hoc analysis, patients with MRD <10–4 by PCR were grouped as having positive but not quantifiable (pbnq) or undetectable disease.ResultsA higher proportion of patients with MRD <10–4 had undetectable versus pbnq disease after blinatumomab (day 29) than after HC3 (p = 0.0367). Of the 22 patients with MRD ≥10–4 at baseline who achieved MRD remission after blinatumomab, 20 (91%) achieved MRD <10–4 remission by day 15. Patients treated with blinatumomab had improved EFS and overall survival compared with those treated with HC3 independent of end‐of‐induction or baseline (end‐of‐second consolidation) MRD levels.ConclusionsBlinatumomab was more efficacious than HC3 regardless of MRD status before treatment. These data support the role of blinatumomab in inducing deep MRD remission, negating the poor prognostic value of MRD.
PeakTrace: Routing of hydropeaking waves using multiple hydrographs—A novel approach
Authors: Greimel Franz , Grün Bettina , Hayes Daniel S. , Höller Norbert , Haider Julia , Zeiringer Bernhard , Holzapfel Patrick , Hauer Christoph , Schmutz Stefan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHydropeaking is known for its adverse impacts on river ecosystems. However, the implementation of mitigation measures is still largely pending due to conflicting priorities of ecology and economics, which require scenario building to assess trade‐offs. Therefore, widely applicable and standardized tools are needed to analyze hydropeaking hydrology in affected rivers to expedite mitigation efforts. Here, we present a novel empirical approach—PeakTrace—that can (a) detect and follow source‐specific hydropeaking waves in the downstream direction by using multiple hydrographs and (b) describe how to flow metrics of hydropeaking waves change along a river's course. In detail, PeakTrace first identifies associated flow events and then models translation and retention processes between neighboring hydrographs. Finally, the models can be combined to establish a non‐linear hydropower plant‐specific model. We demonstrate the PeakTrace method's usability in 16 Austrian case studies. The results underline the high performance of PeakTrace, describing the longitudinal development of flow metrics with high model accuracy up to 25 km or more. Ecologically‐relevant metrics, such as rate of change or amplitude, decrease with distance from the hydropower outlet regarding down‐ramping events; the same pattern can be observed for up‐ramping events too, except for the rate of change for which an intensity increase may be observed, probably due to slope and the roughness difference between base flow and peak flow. Overall, this paper underlines the usability of PeakTrace as a basis to assess hydropower plant‐specific hydro‐ecological impacts and evaluate hydropeaking mitigation measures, especially by incorporating critical flow thresholds of river biota and life stages.
Controllable Acceleration and Deceleration of Charge Carrier Transport in Metal‐Halide Perovskite Single‐Crystal by Cs‐Cation Induced Bandgap Engineering
Authors: Ghasemi Mehri , Zhang Yurou , Zhou Chunhua , Tan Cheng , Choi Eunyoung , Yun Jae Sung , Du Aijun , Yun Jung‐Ho , Jia Baohua , Wen Xiaoming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCharge carrier transport in materials is of essential importance for photovoltaic and photonic applications. Here, the authors demonstrate a controllable acceleration or deceleration of charge carrier transport in specially structured metal‐alloy perovskite (MACs)PbI3 (MA= CH3NH3) single‐crystals with a gradient composition of CsPbI3/(MA1−xCsx)PbI3/MAPbI3. Depending on the Cs‐cation distribution in the structure and therefore the energy band alignment, two different effects are demonstrated: i) significant acceleration of electron transport across the depth driven by the gradient band alignment and suppression of electron–hole recombination, benefiting for photovoltaic and detector applications; and ii) decelerated electron transport and thus improved radiative carrier recombination and emission efficiency, highly beneficial for light and display applications. At the same time, the top Cs‐layer results in hole localization in the top layer and surface passivation. This controllable acceleration and deceleration of electron transport is critical for various applications in which efficient electron–hole separation and suppressed nonradiative electron–hole recombination is demanded.
Research on optimal design of mechanical properties of hybrid fiber‐reinforced concrete
Authors: Li Jiangchuan , Chang Jun , Qiao Hongxia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this study, the influence of the dosage optimization of steel fibers (SFs), basalt fibers (BFs), and polypropylene fibers (PPFs) on the mechanical properties of hybrid fiber‐reinforced concrete (HFRC) is investigated, including cube compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and prism compressive strength. The orthogonal method was used to design the fiber mixtures to optimize the performance of the specimens. IBM SPSS Statistics software was used to analyze the significance sequence of the influencing factors of SFs, BFs, and PPFs through range and variance. The influence degree and significant affecting factors of the three fiber types were obtained, and the failure states of the HFRC specimens were analyzed. Finally, a strength prediction model for HFRC was established based on the test results. The results show that for the degree of influence on the strength of HFRC, the degree of influence of SFs was greater compared to BFs, and the degree of influence of PPFs was the smallest. In addition, for the factors that affect the strength of HFRC, the content of SFs was the primary factor, the fiber content of BFs was less important, and the content was not an important factor for PPFs. The strength prediction model established based on the orthogonal test data can well reflect the influence of three fibers types and contents on the strength of HFRC. In order to verify the validity of the present model, experimental results reported in the literature were compared with the values calculated with the present model.
Site suitability analysis for the construction of water reservoirs in drought‐prone areas of Bangladesh using geospatial techniques
Authors: Hoque Muhammad Al‐amin , Sohel Md. Shawkat Islam , Rahman Mohammed Moshiur , Ahmed Naser 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDrought is becoming a common phenomenon in the northwestern (NW) region of Bangladesh. To address this problem, the government has taken multiple initiatives such as the construction of deep tube wells, re‐activation of abandoned deep tube wells, re‐excavation of canals, construction of cross dams, and digging wells to hold water during monsoon. However, the construction of medium‐ to large‐sized water reservoirs is somewhat overlooked or missed, which can hold large quantities of surface water and, at the same time, can recharge groundwater. Finding suitable sites for water reservoirs is a challenge. The present study aims to fulfill these gaps. We have applied a spatial multi‐criteria technique called the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to identify suitable sites for water reservoir construction in the drought‐prone NW region of Bangladesh. A total of 12 criteria such as settlement, land use, slope, soil, groundwater depth, road network, river network, vegetation cover, rainfall, geology, protected areas, and aquifer depth were selected. The study shows that 17 percent of the area is highly suitable for reservoir construction, followed by 24 percent moderately suitable and 25 percent marginally suitable. In contrast, approximately 30 percent of the area is unsuitable for reservoir construction. Among 16 districts of northwest region, areas of Rangpur district are mostly suitable (30 percent), followed by Gaibandha district (16 percent). Construction of water reservoir in the identified areas will lower irrigation water pumping costs and will raise groundwater levels in land adjacent to the reservoir in dry season.
Towards Cognitive Ports of the Future
Authors: Cáceres Santiago , Valverde Francisco , Palau Carlos E. , Pellicer Andreu Belsa , Gizelis Christos A. , Krassas Dimosthenes , Becha Hanane , Khouani Réda , Metzger Andreas , Tzagkarakis Nikos , Karkoglou Anthousa , Nikolakopoulos Anastasios , Marinakis Achilleas , Moulos Vrettos , Litke Antonios , Ahmadian Amir Shayan , Jürjens Jan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn modern societies, the rampant growth of data management technologies—that have access to data sources from a plethora of heterogeneous systems—enables data analysts to leverage their advantages to new areas and critical infrastructures. However, there is no global reference standard for data platform technology. Data platforms scenarios are characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity at all levels (middleware, application service, data/semantics, scalability, and governance), preventing deployment, federation, and interoperability of existing solutions. Although many initiatives are dealing with developing data platform architectures in diversified application domains, not many projects have addressed integration in port environments with the possibility of including cognitive services. Unlike other cases, port environment is a complex system that consists of multiple heterogeneous critical infrastructures, which are connected and dependent on each other. The key pillar is to define the design of a secure interoperable system facilitating the exchange of data through standardized data models, based on common semantics, and offering advanced interconnection capabilities leading to cooperation between different IT/IoT/Objects platforms. This contribution deals with scalability, interoperability, and standardization features of data platforms from a business point of view in a smart and cognitive port case study. The main goal is to design an innovative platform, named DataPorts, which will overcome these obstacles and provide an ecosystem where port authorities, external data platforms, transportation, and logistics companies can cooperate and create the basis to offer cognitive services. The chapter relates to knowledge and learning as well as to systems, methodologies, hardware, and tools cross-sectorial technology enablers of the AI, Data and Robotics Strategic Research, Innovation & Deployment Agenda (Milano et al., Strategic research, innovation and deployment agenda - AI, data and robotics partnership. Third release. Big Data Value Association, 2020).
Knowledge Modeling and Incident Analysis for Special Cargo
Authors: Reshadat Vahideh , Kolkman Tess , Zervanou Kalliopi , Zhang Yingqian , Akçay Alp , Snijder Carlijn , McDonnell Ryan , Schorer Karel , Wichers Casper , Koch Thomas , Dugundji Elenna , de Jong Eelco 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe airfreight industry of shipping goods with special handling needs, also known as special cargo, suffers from nontransparent shipping processes, resulting in inefficiency. The LARA project (Lane Analysis and Route Advisor) aims at addressing these limitations and bringing innovation in special cargo route planning so as to improve operational deficiencies and customer services. In this chapter, we discuss the special cargo domain knowledge elicitation and modeling into an ontology. We also present research into cargo incidents, namely, automatic classification of incidents in free-text reports and experiments in detecting significant features associated with specific cargo incident types. Our work mainly addresses two of the main technical priority areas defined by the European Big Data Value (BDV) Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda, namely, the application of data analytics to improve data understanding and providing optimized architectures for analytics of data-at-rest and data-in-motion, the overall goal is to develop technologies contributing to the data value chain in the logistics sector. It addresses the horizontal concerns Data Analytics, Data Processing Architectures, and Data Management of the BDV Reference Model. It also addresses the vertical dimension Big Data Types and Semantics.
An Elastic Software Architecture for Extreme-Scale Big Data Analytics
Authors: Serrano Maria A. , Marín César A. , Queralt Anna , Cordeiro Cristovao , Gonzalez Marco , Pinho Luis Miguel , Quiñones Eduardo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis chapter describes a software architecture for processing big-data analytics considering the complete compute continuum, from the edge to the cloud. The new generation of smart systems requires processing a vast amount of diverse information from distributed data sources. The software architecture presented in this chapter addresses two main challenges. On the one hand, a new elasticity concept enables smart systems to satisfy the performance requirements of extreme-scale analytics workloads. By extending the elasticity concept (known at cloud side) across the compute continuum in a fog computing environment, combined with the usage of advanced heterogeneous hardware architectures at the edge side, the capabilities of the extreme-scale analytics can significantly increase, integrating both responsive data-in-motion and latent data-at-rest analytics into a single solution. On the other hand, the software architecture also focuses on the fulfilment of the non-functional properties inherited from smart systems, such as real-time, energy-efficiency, communication quality and security, that are of paramount importance for many application domains such as smart cities, smart mobility and smart manufacturing.
Leveraging High-Performance Computing and Cloud Computing with Unified Big-Data Workflows: The LEXIS Project
Authors: Hachinger Stephan , Golasowski Martin , Martinovič Jan , Hayek Mohamad , García-Hernández Rubén Jesús , Slaninová Kateřina , Levrier Marc , Scionti Alberto , Donnat Frédéric , Vitali Giacomo , Magarielli Donato , Goubier Thierry , Parodi Antonio , Parodi Andrea , Harsh Piyush , Dees Aaron , Terzo Olivier 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTraditional usage models of Supercomputing centres have been extended by High-Throughput Computing (HTC), High-Performance Data Analytics (HPDA) and Cloud Computing. The complexity of current compute platforms calls for solutions to simplify usage and conveniently orchestrate computing tasks. These enable also non-expert users to efficiently execute Big Data workflows. In this context, the LEXIS project (‘Large-scale EXecution for Industry and Society’, H2020 GA 825532, https://lexis-project.eu) sets up an orchestration platform for compute- and data-intensive workflows. Its main objective is to implement a front-end and interfaces/APIs for distributed data management and workflow orchestration. The platform uses an open-source Identity and Access Management solution and a custom billing system. The data management API allows data ingestion and staging between various infrastructures. The orchestration API allows execution of workflows specified in extended TOSCA. LEXIS uses innovative technologies like YORC and Alien4Cloud for orchestration or iRODS/EUDAT-B2SAFE for data management, accelerated by Burst Buffers. Three pilot use cases from Aeronautics Engineering, Earthquake/Tsunami Analysis, and Weather and Climate Prediction are used to test the services. On the road towards longer-term sustainability, we are expanding this user base and aiming at the immersion of more Supercomputing centres within the platform.
Einleitung
Authors: Kumkar Nils C. , Holubek-Schaum Stefan , Gottschall Karin , Hollstein Betina , Schimank Uwe 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDebatten über eine „Krise“ der Mittelschichten gibt es seit inzwischen mehr als dreißig Jahren in verschiedenen Ländern. Es wird immer wieder behauptet, dass die Mittelschichten schrumpfen und Abstiegsängste zunehmen; und diesbezüglich wird auf verschiedenste Irritationen der Mittelschichten infolge gesellschaftlicher Veränderungsdynamiken wie „Neoliberalismus“, Globalisierung und Digitalisierung hingewiesen. Wie alle sozialwissenschaftlichen Zeitdiagnosen sind solche Krisenszenarien mit Vorsicht zu genießen. Dem Genre wohnt ja als Aufmerksamkeit verschaffendes Stilmerkmal Dramatisierung bis hin zum Alarmismus inne. Dennoch gibt die Häufung entsprechender Diagnosen nicht nur für Deutschland, sondern für entwickelte westliche Gesellschaften generell Anlass, etwas genauer hinzuschauen, wie es um die Mittelschichten bestellt ist – nicht zuletzt deshalb, weil sie für den Zusammenhalt dieser Gesellschaften so wichtig sind.
Generating functions for Higgs/Coulomb branch operators from 1d–3d cohomological equivalence
Authors: Guerrini Luigi , Penati Silvia , Yaakov Itamar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We provide a proof for the conjectured equality of the generating function of integrated Higgs and Coulomb branch topological operators in 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
≥ 4 gauge theories and the three sphere partition function deformed by mass or FI parameters. The equality is the result of cohomological equivalence and applies to all theories in this class, including ABJM and other generalized Gaiotto-Witten models, and those without an explicit supersymmetric Lagrangian.
Calpains as novel players in the molecular pathogenesis of spinocerebellar ataxia type 17
Authors: Weber Jonasz Jeremiasz , Anger Stefanie Cari , Pereira Sena Priscila , Incebacak Eltemur Rana Dilara , Huridou Chrisovalantou , Fath Florian , Gross Caspar , Casadei Nicolas , Riess Olaf , Nguyen Huu Phuc 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSpinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA17) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a polyglutamine-encoding trinucleotide repeat expansion in the gene of transcription factor TATA box-binding protein (TBP). While its underlying pathomechanism is elusive, polyglutamine-expanded TBP fragments of unknown origin mediate the mutant protein’s toxicity. Calcium-dependent calpain proteases are protagonists in neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we demonstrate that calpains cleave TBP, and emerging C-terminal fragments mislocalize to the cytoplasm. SCA17 cell and rat models exhibited calpain overactivation, leading to excessive fragmentation and depletion of neuronal proteins in vivo. Transcriptome analysis of SCA17 cells revealed synaptogenesis and calcium signaling perturbations, indicating the potential cause of elevated calpain activity. Pharmacological or genetic calpain inhibition reduced TBP cleavage and aggregation, consequently improving cell viability. Our work underlines the general significance of calpains and their activating pathways in neurodegenerative disorders and presents these proteases as novel players in the molecular pathogenesis of SCA17.
The Flag Curvature of a Submanifold of a Randers–Minkowski Space in Terms of Zermelo Data
Authors: Huber Matthieu , Javaloyes Miguel Angel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe main result of this paper is an expression of the flag curvature of a submanifold of a Randers–Minkowski space $$({\mathscr {V}},F)$$

(
V
,
F
)

in terms of invariants related to its Zermelo data (h, W). More precisely, these invariants are the sectional curvature and the second fundamental form of the positive definite scalar product h and some projections of the wind W. This expression allows for a promising characterization of submanifolds with scalar flag curvature in terms of Riemannian quantities, which, when a hypersurface is considered, seems quite approachable. As a consequence, we prove that any h-flat hypersurface S has scalar F-flag curvature and the metric of its Zermelo data is conformally flat. As a tool for making the computation, we previously reobtain the Gauss–Codazzi equations of a pseudo-Finsler submanifold using anisotropic calculus.
Exact controllability to eigensolutions for evolution equations of parabolic type via bilinear control
Authors: Alabau-Boussouira Fatiha , Cannarsa Piermarco , Urbani Cristina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn a separable Hilbert spaceX, we study the controlled evolution equation$$\begin{aligned} u'(t)+Au(t)+p(t)Bu(t)=0, \end{aligned}$$u′(t)+Au(t)+p(t)Bu(t)=0,where$$A\ge -\sigma I$$A≥-σI($$\sigma \ge 0$$σ≥0) is a self-adjoint linear operator,Bis a bounded linear operator onX, and$$p\in L^2_{loc}(0,+\infty )$$p∈Lloc2(0,+∞)is a bilinear control. We give sufficient conditions in order for the above nonlinear control system to be locally controllable to thejth eigensolution for any$$j\ge 1$$j≥1. We also derive semi-global controllability results in large time and discuss applications to parabolic equations in low space dimension. Our method is constructive and all the constants involved in the main results can be explicitly computed.