bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The number of cases, mortality and treatments of viral hemorrhagic fevers: A systematic review
Authors: Belhadi Drifa , El Baied Majda , Mulier Guillaume , Malvy Denis , Mentré France , Laouénan Cédric 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundViral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are a group of diseases, which can be endemo-epidemic in some areas of the world. Most of them are characterized by outbreaks, which occur irregularly and are hard to predict. Innovative medical countermeasures are to be evaluated but due to the field specificities of emerging VHF, challenges arise when implementing clinical studies. To assess the state of the art around VHFs, we conducted a systematic review for all reports and clinical studies that included specific results on number of cases, mortality and treatment of VHFs.MethodsThe search was conducted in January 2020 based on PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO CRD42020167306). We searched reports on the WHO and CDC websites, and publications in three international databases (MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL). Following the study selection process, qualitative and quantitative data were extracted from each included study. A narrative synthesis approach by each VHF was used. Descriptive statistics were conducted including world maps of cases number and case fatality rates (CFR); summary tables by VHF, country, time period and treatment studies.ResultsWe identified 141 WHO/CDC reports and 126 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies were published after 2010 (n = 97 for WHO/CDC reports and n = 93 for publications) and reported number of cases and/or CFRs (n = 141 WHO/CDC reports and n = 88 publications). Results varied greatly depending on the outbreak or cluster and across countries within each VHF. A total of 90 studies focused on Ebola virus disease (EVD). EVD outbreaks were reported in Africa, where Sierra Leone (14,124 cases; CFR = 28%) and Liberia (10,678 cases; CFR = 45%) reported the highest cases numbers, mainly due to the 2014–2016 western Africa outbreak. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) outbreaks were reported from 31 studies in Africa, Asia and Europe, where Turkey reported the highest cases number (6,538 cases; CFR = 5%) and Afghanistan the last outbreak in 2016/18 (293 cases; CFR = 43%).Regarding the 38 studies reporting results on treatments, most of them were non-randomized studies (mainly retrospective or non-randomized comparative studies), and only 10 studies were randomized controlled trials. For several VHFs, no specific investigational therapeutic option with strong proof of effectiveness on mortality was identified.ConclusionWe observed that number of cases and CFR varied greatly across VHFs as well as across countries within each VHF. The number of studies on VHF treatments was very limited with very few randomized trials and no strong proof of effectiveness of treatment against most of the VHFs. Therefore, there is a high need of methodologically strong clinical trials conducted in the context of VHF.
Effectiveness of antimalarial drug combinations in treating concomitant urogenital schistosomiasis in malaria patients in Lambaréné, Gabon: A non-randomised event-monitoring study
Authors: Zoleko-Manego Rella , Okwu Dearie G. , Handrich Christian , Dimessa-Mbadinga Lia B. , Akinosho Malick A. , Ndzebe-Ndoumba Wilfrid F. , Davi Saskia D. , Stelzl Daniel , Veletzky Luzia , Kreidenweiss Andrea , Nordmann Tamara , Adegnika Ayola A. , Lell Bertrand , Kremsner Peter G. , Ramharter Michael , Mombo-Ngoma Ghyslain 
Published: October 2022

Background
Urogenital schistosomiasis is prevalent in many malaria endemic regions of sub-Saharan Africa and can lead to long-term health consequences if untreated. Antimalarial drugs used to treat uncomplicated malaria have shown to exert some activity against Schistosoma haematobium. Here, we explore the efficacy on concomitant urogenital schistosomiasis of first-line recommended artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) and investigational second-generation ACTs when administered for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Gabon.

Methods
Microscopic determination of urogenital schistosomiasis was performed from urine samples collected from patients with confirmed uncomplicated malaria. Egg excretion reduction rate and cure rate were determined at 4-weeks and 6-weeks post-treatment with either artesunate-pyronaridine, artemether-lumefantrine, artesunate-amodiaquine or artefenomel-ferroquine.

Results
Fifty-two (16%) out of 322 malaria patients were co-infected with urogenital schistosomiasis and were treated with antimalarial drug combinations. Schistosoma haematobium egg excretion rates showed a median reduction of 100% (interquartile range (IQR), 17% to 100%) and 65% (IQR, -133% to 100%) at 4-weeks and 6-weeks post-treatment, respectively, in the artesunate-pyronaridine group (n = 20) compared to 35% (IQR, −250% to 70%) and 65% (IQR, -65% to 79%) in the artemether-lumefantrine group (n = 18). Artesunate-amodiaquine (n = 2) and artefenomel-ferroquine combination (n = 3) were not able to reduce the rate of eggs excreted in this limited number of patients. In addition, cure rates were 56% and 37% at 4- and 6-weeks post-treatment, respectively, with artesunate-pyronaridine and no cases of cure were observed for the other antimalarial combinations.

Conclusions
Antimalarial treatments with artesunate-pyronaridine and artemether-lumefantrine reduced the excretion of S. haematobium eggs, comforting the hypothesis that antimalarial drugs could play a role in the control of schistosomiasis.

Trial Registration
This trial is registered with clinicaltrials.gov, under the Identifier NCT04264130.
Association between cognitive function and large optic nerve cupping, accounting for cup-disc-ratio genetic risk score
Authors: Kravets Sasha , Rupnow Rawan Allozi , Sethi Abhishek , Espeland Mark A. , Pasquale Louis R. , Rapp Stephen R. , Klein Barbara E. , Meuer Stacy M. , Haan Mary N. , Maki Pauline M. , Hallak Joelle A. , Vajaranant Thasarat Sutabutr 
Published: October 2022

Purpose
To investigate if accounting for a cup-to-disc ratio (CDR) genetic risk score (GRS) modified the association between large CDR and cognitive function among women.

Design
This was a retrospective study using data from the Women’s Health Initiative.

Methods
Patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension were excluded. Large CDR was defined as ≥ 0.6 in either eye. Cognitive function was measured by the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MSE). We used the combined effects from 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to formulate the GRS for CDR. We used logistic regression to investigate associations between weighted GRS and large CDR, then a linear regression to assess the association between weighted GRS and 3MSE scores, and between weighted GRS, CDR, and 3MSE scores, adjusted for demographic and clinical characteristics.

Results
Final analyses included 1,196 White women with mean age of 69.60 ± 3.62 years and 7.27% with large CDR. Mean GRS in women with and without large CDR was 1.51 ± 0.31 vs. 1.41 ± 0.36, respectively (p = 0.004). The odds of large CDR for a one unit increase in GRS was 2.30 (95% CI: (1.22, 4.36), p = 0.011). Adding the CDR GRS in the model with CDR and 3MSE, women with large CDR still had statistically significantly lower 3MSE scores than those without large CDR, yielding a predicted mean difference in 3MSE scores of 0.84 (p = 0.007).

Conclusions
Independent of the CDR GRS, women with large CDR had a lower cognitive function.
Anxiety and depression among patient’s companions during admission to the ICU in the Omicron wave of COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in Aleppo University Hospital
Authors: Swed Sarya , Kashkash Fateh , Shoib Sheikh , Shaheen Nour , Nasif Mohamad Nour , Motawea Karam R. , ElHawary Ahmed Sallam , AbdelQadir Yossef Hassan , Patwary Muhammad Mainuddin , Alibrahim Hidar , Sawaf Bisher , Khairy Lina Taha , Bakkour Agyad , Muwaili Ali Hadi Hussein , Muwaili Dhuha Hadi Hussein , Abdelmajid Fatima Abubaker Abdalla , Elkalagi Nashaat Kamal Hamdy , Elsayed Mohamed , Ahmed Eman Mohammed sharif , Khouri Abdullah ,   Data Collection group
Published: October 2022

Background
After the COVID-19 pandemic, anxiety and depression have reached high levels, especially after the last wave, Omicron. Healthcare workers in contact with COVID-19 patients or those who come in contact with them may exhibit high levels of anxiety and depression. Therefore, we aimed to assess anxiety and depression symptoms among ICU companions of COVID-19 patients.

Methods
From 30 November 2021 to 1 March 2022, sixth-year medical students at Aleppo University Hospital conducted interviews with the companions of COVID-19 patients who they brought their patient to the ICU centre as part of a cross-sectional quantitative study using the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 tools to gauge their level of anxiety and depression among companions of COVID-19 patients. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program. In addition, logistic regression models were used to study possible factors of anxiety and depression symptoms during COVID-19.

Results
The total number was 997 participants in contact with COVID-19 patients. The mean score of the depression assessment tool (PHQ-9) in our questionnaire was 9.5 with a range of 0 to 27. At the same time, the anxiety assessment tool (GAD-7) had a mean score of 9.1, ranging from 0 to 21. A binary logistic regression was used to predict the relationship between depression and anxiety and various factors. We found that the companions with medical specialties were substantially less likely to develop anxiety than other companions [AOR = 0.459; 95%CI (0.23–0.9)], in addition females were substantially higher likely to develop depression than males [AOR = 1.322; 95%CI (0.992–1.762)]. 45.4% of companions had moderate to severe anxiety, in additon 50.8% of companions had moderate to severe depression.

Conclusion
Our research reveals that moderate to severe anxiety and sadness are present in roughly half of the COVID19 patients’ companions. Females, people with children, and hard workers were more inclined to feel anxious than others, and those who are not in the medical field were more likely to suffer from depression than others, thus it is critical to assist these groups during the present outbreaks (Omicron and Monkeybox).
Radiation vs surgery for early-stage laryngeal verrucous carcinoma: A population-based propensity score matched-study
Authors: Takenaka Yukinori , Uno Atsuhiko , Tanaka Hidenori , Takemoto Norihiko , Nozaki Kengo , Inohara Hidenori 
Published: October 2022

Background
Verrucous carcinoma (VC) is a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma. Although VC is considered radioresistant, concrete evidence for this is absent.

Methods
We obtained data on VC treated with surgery or radiation from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Treatment selection bias was reduced by propensity score matching. Overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results
Five-year OS rates in the radiation and surgery groups were 72.7% and 72.0%, respectively (P = 0.111); five-year DSS rates in the same were 86.7% and 88.4%, respectively (P = 0.234). HRs of radiation compared with surgery were 1.68 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.96–2.95) for OS and 1.95 (95% CI, 0.69–5.53) for DSS.

Conclusions
Similar prognoses were observed in patients with VC treated with radiation and surgery. VC can be treated using radiation.
Metabolic disorders and post-acute hospitalization in black/mixed-race patients with long COVID in Brazil: A cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Barreto Ana Paula Andrade , Barreto Filho Marcio Andrade , Duarte Lucimeire Cardoso , Cerqueira-Silva Thiago , Camelier Aquiles , Tavares Natalia Machado , Barral-Netto Manoel , Boaventura Viviane , Lima Marcelo Chalhoub Coelho ,   on behalf of the CPC study group
Published: October 2022

BackgroundAlthough low-middle income countries have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, there is scarce information about the impact of long COVID on their population. This study aimed to evaluate long COVID symptomatology, complications (hospital readmission and metabolic disorders), and main clinical features that impact Quality of Life (QoL).MethodsThis cross-sectional study provides a detailed clinical and laboratory picture of individuals who presented residual symptoms after mild to severe acute COVID-19. Between Aug-2020 to Sep-2021, long COVID patients were evaluated in a reference center for long COVID in Bahia State, Brazil. The EQ-5D-5L questionnaire accessed QoL.ResultsA total of 1164 (52 ±13.4 years, 57% female, 88% black/mixed-race) were evaluated 2.3 [IQR = 1.6–3.7] months after mild (n = 351, 30.2%), moderate (338, 29.0%) or severe (475, 40.8%) acute illness. Dyspnea (790, 67.9%), fatigue (738, 63.5%), and chest pain (525, 42.9%) were the most frequent residual symptoms regardless of acute severity, affecting the QoL of 88.9% of patients (n/N—826/925), mainly the domains of anxiety/depression and pain/discomfort. High levels of HbA1c were detected for 175 out of 664 patients (26.6%), 40% of them without a previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Of note, hospital admission one-to-three months after the acute phase of disease was required for 51 (4.4%) patients.ConclusionIn this majority-black/mixed-race population, long COVID was associated with post-acute hospitalization, newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus, and decreased QoL, particularly in women and regardless of disease severity of acute infection, suggesting important implications for health care system.
Temporal Events Detector for Pregnancy Care (TED-PC): A rule-based algorithm to infer gestational age and delivery date from electronic health records of pregnant women with and without COVID-19
Authors: Lyu Tianchu , Liang Chen , Liu Jihong , Campbell Berry , Hung Peiyin , Shih Yi-Wen , Ghumman Nadia , Li Xiaoming ,   on behalf of the National COVID Cohort Collaborative Consortium
Published: October 2022

Objective
Identifying the time of SARS-CoV-2 viral infection relative to specific gestational weeks is critical for delineating the role of viral infection timing in adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, this task is difficult when it comes to Electronic Health Records (EHR). In combating the COVID-19 pandemic for maternal health, we sought to develop and validate a clinical information extraction algorithm to detect the time of clinical events relative to gestational weeks.

Materials and methods
We used EHR from the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C), in which the EHR are normalized by the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM). We performed EHR phenotyping, resulting in 270,897 pregnant women (June 1st, 2018 to May 31st, 2021). We developed a rule-based algorithm and performed a multi-level evaluation to test content validity and clinical validity, and extreme length of gestation (<150 or >300).

Results
The algorithm identified 296,194 pregnancies (16,659 COVID-19, 174,744 without COVID-19) in 270,897 pregnant women. For inferring gestational age, 95% cases (n = 40) have moderate-high accuracy (Cohen’s Kappa = 0.62); 100% cases (n = 40) have moderate-high granularity of temporal information (Cohen’s Kappa = 1). For inferring delivery dates, the accuracy is 100% (Cohen’s Kappa = 1). The accuracy of gestational age detection for the extreme length of gestation is 93.3% (Cohen’s Kappa = 1). Mothers with COVID-19 showed higher prevalence in obesity or overweight (35.1% vs. 29.5%), diabetes (17.8% vs. 17.0%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (0.2% vs. 0.1%), respiratory distress syndrome or acute respiratory failure (1.8% vs. 0.2%).

Discussion
We explored the characteristics of pregnant women by different gestational weeks of SARS-CoV-2 infection with our algorithm. TED-PC is the first to infer the exact gestational week linked with every clinical event from EHR and detect the timing of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women.

Conclusion
The algorithm shows excellent clinical validity in inferring gestational age and delivery dates, which supports multiple EHR cohorts on N3C studying the impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy.
Justification of research using systematic reviews continues to be inconsistent in clinical health science—A systematic review and meta-analysis of meta-research studies
Authors: Andreasen Jane , Nørgaard Birgitte , Draborg Eva , Juhl Carsten Bogh , Yost Jennifer , Brunnhuber Klara , Robinson Karen A. , Lund Hans 
Published: October 2022

Background
Redundancy is an unethical, unscientific, and costly challenge in clinical health research. There is a high risk of redundancy when existing evidence is not used to justify the research question when a new study is initiated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to synthesize meta-research studies evaluating if and how authors of clinical health research studies use systematic reviews when initiating a new study.

Methods
Seven electronic bibliographic databases were searched (final search June 2021). Meta-research studies assessing the use of systematic reviews when justifying new clinical health studies were included. Screening and data extraction were performed by two reviewers independently. The primary outcome was defined as the percentage of original studies within the included meta-research studies using systematic reviews of previous studies to justify a new study. Results were synthesized narratively and quantitatively using a random-effects meta-analysis. The protocol has been registered in Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/nw7ch/).

Results
Twenty-one meta-research studies were included, representing 3,621 original studies or protocols. Nineteen of the 21 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The included studies represented different disciplines and exhibited wide variability both in how the use of previous systematic reviews was assessed, and in how this was reported. The use of systematic reviews to justify new studies varied from 16% to 87%. The mean percentage of original studies using systematic reviews to justify their study was 42% (95% CI: 36% to 48%).

Conclusion
Justification of new studies in clinical health research using systematic reviews is highly variable, and fewer than half of new clinical studies in health science were justified using a systematic review. Research redundancy is a challenge for clinical health researchers, as well as for funders, ethics committees, and journals.
Wound specific quality of life after blast or gunshot injury: Validation of the wound QoL instrument
Authors: Älgå Andreas , Malmstedt Jonas , Fagerdahl Ann-Mari 
Published: October 2022

Background
Acute blast or gunshot wounds have a negative effect on the patients’ health related quality of life (HRQoL). No validated instrument exists to assess the HRQoL of patients with such wounds. Therefore, we aimed to test and validate a subscale of an existing HRQoL instrument among patients with acute blast or gunshot wounds.

Methods
We used data from a randomized controlled trial comparing negative pressure wound therapy with standard treatment of civilian adults with acute extremity blast or gunshot wounds. We evaluated the reliability (internal consistency, stability) and validity of the body subscale of the Wound QoL instrument using the World Health Organisation 20 question self-reporting questionnaire as gold standard.

Results
A total of 152 participants were included in the study. The participants were predominantly (93.4%) male, and median age was 29.0 years (IQR 21.0–34.0). The internal consistency was acceptable while a test-retest analysis indicated instability in the Wound QoL instrument. The content validity of the instrument was considered satisfactory; however, the criterion validity was found to be insufficient.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that Wound QoL is a promising instrument for the assessment of wound specific HRQoL among patients with acute blast or gunshot wounds. Further testing and validation is needed.
Translanguaging as a decolonising approach: students’ perspectives towards integrating Indigenous epistemology in language teaching
Authors: Wang Danping 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study explores how translanguaging has been enacted in a university-wide curriculum transformation project in an additional language programme in Aotearoa New Zealand. Its aim is to reveal students’ perspectives on integrating Indigenous epistemology into the curriculum of a beginner-level Chinese course. The survey data, collected from 155 students, show that most students react positively to the idea of embedding Indigenous epistemology into language teaching through a translanguaging assessment design. Moreover, students’ translingual practices in their digital multimodal compositions demonstrate that they can enact translanguaging to enable the coexistence of different bodies of knowledge while learning an additional language. Based on these findings, I suggest that language teaching should integrate place-based worldviews that are meaningful to all local students. It is also important to adopt translanguaging as a decolonising approach to facilitate a pluriversal epistemological stance that promotes plurilingualism in language education. The nexus between translanguaging and decoloniality needs to be explored further, as does the possibility for cross-civilisational learning through translanguaging.
The effects of supplementation of Nannochloropsis oculata microalgae on biochemical, inflammatory and antioxidant responses in diabetic rats
Authors: Fereidouni Ali , Khaleghian Ali , Mousavi-Niri Neda , Moradikor Nasrollah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Diabetes is accompanied by inflammation and oxidation. Supplementation of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds can prevent the progression of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplementation of Nannochloropsis oculata microalgae (NOM) on the inflammatory and antioxidant responses in diabetic rats. Sixty male rats were divided into six groups as diabetic and non-diabetic rats receiving 0, 10 and 20 mg/kg of body weight of NOM daily for 21 days. Body weight, the serum concentrations of insulin and glucose and the tissue concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), malondialdehyde (MDA), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were assessed. The results showed that induction of diabetes significantly reduced the body weight, the serum concentrations of insulin and the tissue concentrations of SOD, FRAP and GPx while increasing the concentrations of glucose, MDA, IL-1β, IL-6, NF-κB and TNF-α. Daily oral administration of NOM (10 and 20 mg/kg) significantly maintained the body weight, the serum concentrations of insulin and the tissue concentrations of SOD, FRAP and GPx while preventing the increase in the concentrations of glucose, MDA, IL-1β and TNF-α. In conclusion, diabetes caused inflammation and oxidation while NOM worked as a natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compound.