bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Copolymeric Colloids as Multicolor Emission, Fuel‐Free, UV‐ and Visible‐Light‐Actuated Micropumps
Authors: Basharat Majid , Shah Zameer Hussain , Ikram Muhammad , Ghellab Salah Eddine , Hassan Qadeer‐Ul , Ilyas Tayiba , Lei Lijie , Lin Guanhua , Gao Yongxiang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLight‐actuated micromachines are of enormous interest due to their ability to harvest light for triggering catalytic reactions to acquire free energy for mechanical work. This work presents an inorganic–organic hybrid copolymeric poly(cyclotriphosphazene‐co‐barbituric acid) colloid, which displays multiwavelength excited emission and catalytic activities, exploiting the unique structural, chemical, and optical features of inorganic heterocyclic ring hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and organic co‐monomer barbituric acid. Specifically, this work reveals particle‐resolved unusual multicolor emission under excitation with the same or different wavelengths of light using fluorescence microscopy. The result is rationalized by density functional theory studies. In this work, the authors find that emission is coincident with fluorometric measurements, and the photocatalytic properties are anticipated from the overall band structure. This work also demonstrates the use of these colloids as micropumps, which can be remotely activated by UV, blue, and green lights under fuel‐free conditions, and ascribe the behavior to ionic diffusiophoresis arising from light‐triggered generation of H+ and other charged species. This work offers a new class of polymeric colloids with multiple‐wavelength excited emission and catalytic activities, which is expected to open new opportunities in the design of fuel‐free, photo‐actuated micromachines and active systems.
Reactivity vs. Selectivity of Biomimetic Catalyst Systems of the Fe(PDP) Family through the Nature and Spin State of the Active Iron‐Oxygen Species
Authors: Zima Alexandra M. , Lyakin Oleg Y. , Bryliakova Anna A. , Babushkin Dmitrii E. , Bryliakov Konstantin P. , Talsi Evgenii P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCatalytic approaches to late‐stage creation of new C−O bonds, especially via oxygenation of particular C−H groups in complex organic molecules, provide challenging tools for the synthesis of biologically active compounds and candidate drugs. In the last decade, significant efforts were invested in designing bioinspired iron based catalyst systems, capable of conducting selective oxidations of organic compounds. The key role of the oxygen‐transferring high‐valent iron‐oxygen species in selective oxygenation is now well established; the next logical step would be gaining insight into the factors governing the oxidation chemo‐ and stereoselectivity, in relation to the peculiarities of their electronic structure, which would allow introducing the desired level of predictability into those catalytic transformations. In this Personal Account we analyze recent data on the reactivity of bioinspired formally oxoiron(V) catalytically active sites toward organic substrates having C=C and C(sp3)−H groups. While the majority of reported oxoiron(V) active species are low‐spin (S=1/2) complexes, the presence of strong electron‐donating groups (NR1R2) in the ligand backbone favors the high‐spin (S=3/2) ground state. Remarkably, the high‐spin perferryl species exhibit higher chemo‐, regio‐, and stereoselectivity in the oxidations than their low‐spin counterparts, thus witnessing the significance of these subtle electronic effects for the selectivity of oxidations conducted by bioinspired catalysts of the Fe(PDP) family.
Discrepancies in reporting on human rights: A materiality perspective
Authors: Demir Mert , Min Maung K. , Coppola Louis D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMotivated by the ongoing debate on materiality in environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reporting and the limited attention in the academic literature to date, our study conducts a comprehensive analysis of 1341 ESG reports published by companies across 35 ICB sectors with a particular lens on the commonalities and discrepancies in the choice of material topics on human rights disclosures. The choice of human rights as our topic of interest is driven by the fact that our sample includes companies across various industries/sectors and geographical locations and thus an effective analysis of their reports and the thought‐processes behind them should be done on the basis of topics that apply to a broad range of companies regardless of their country of origin or industry, as well as other systematic and idiosyncratic factors. The reports were examined based on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) G4 guidelines to identify a company's disclosure (or lack thereof) on 12 human rights topics. Our analysis of ESG reports comprises the entirety of ESG/sustainability reports contained by GRI's Global Reporting database (www.globalreporting.org/). Our findings suggest that companies diverge considerably in their choices of material human rights disclosure topics. Both industry/sectorial and country/regional factors play an important role on the divergence in materiality assessments. In our further analysis and discussion of the findings, we provide a closer look at the extent to which a consensus has achieved on the disclosure of topics along with potential explanations for the observed divergence in disclosure choices/behavior.
Gastric acid suppressants and cognitive decline in people with or without cognitive impairment
Authors: Wu Che‐Yuan , Xiong Lisa Y. , Ouk Michael , Rabin Jennifer S. , Herrmann Nathan , Lanctôt Krista L. , Kapral Moira K. , Law Marcus , Cogo‐Moreira Hugo , Edwards Jodi D. , Swardfager Walter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionStudies suggest associations between proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and dementia risk; however, many neither considered histamine‐2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) nor baseline cognitive status.MethodsParticipants (National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Database; 2005–2021) using a PPI or H2RA were compared. Covariate‐adjusted Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for progression from normal cognition to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and from MCI to dementia over 5 years. In a propensity‐score–matched subsample of mild–moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD), mixed‐effects negative binomial regression was used to estimate decline in delayed recall memory.ResultsCompared to PPI, H2RA use was associated with earlier progression from MCI to dementia (HR = 1.40 [1.09–1.81]; n = 1701), and with faster memory decline in AD over time (rate ratio = 0.76 [0.64–0.92]; n = 628), but not with progression from normal cognition to MCI (HR = 0.94 [0.71–1.24]; n = 2784).DiscussionCompared to PPIs, H2RAs were associated with cognitive decline, specifically among people with pre‐existing cognitive impairment.
Lessons Learned? Reading Wars, Reading First, and a Way Forward
Authors: Goldberg Margaret , Goldenberg Claude 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe are in the midst of yet another battle in the reading wars. Before the fog of war overcomes us yet again, we should recall recent history where an attempt at a resolution—Reading First— mostly left ambiguity in its wake. Moving forward, there is a foundation upon which to build. But doing so will require learning from the past, addressing challenges with clarity, and marshalling resources among collaborating researchers and practitioners.
Quantum‐chemical studies of the antioxidant effectiveness of para‐phenylene diamines
Authors: Breza Martin , Jelemenska Ingrid 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this review is to highlight how the antioxidant effectiveness (AE) of rubber additives can be quantitatively interpreted using results from quantum‐chemical calculations. The relationships between the AE of para‐phenylene diamines (PPD), evaluated through non‐isothermal differential scanning calorimetry measurements in styrene‐butadiene and polyisoprene rubber matrices, and various parameters obtained by quantum‐chemical calculations are reviewed. The N atom between both phenyl rings (A site) is more significant than the N atom between the phenyl ring and the alkyl chain (B site). The preferred formation of ketimine structures (instead of the quinonediimine ones) during dehydrogenation despite the higher stability of the NA‐centered radicals indicates a kinetic control of the antioxidant action. In most cases, the AE decreases with the strength of the NA–HA bond and increases with the chemical shifts of NA and HA. In hypothetical Cu(II) complexes, the AE rises with the affinity of NA to Cu, and the extent of electron density transfer from NA to Cu. Most deviations from linearity might be explained by steric hindrances. Reverse trends for the NA and NB chemical shifts are observed, despite the fact that similar reactions are supposed at both sites.
Securitisation as the Work of Framing
Authors: Stępka Maciej 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe chapter proposes to look at securitisation as the work of policy framing. It discusses how framing literature may help in reorienting the securitisation framework and its main components (i.e. speech act, exceptionalism, actor audience dichotomy, context and acceptance) to investigate not one specific understanding of security that is supposed to “break normal politics”, but the whole plethora of entangled security logics that to different degrees and to different ends frame migration as a security issue at the EU level. In this way, this chapter discusses each building block of the theory and explains how the application of framing and security logics opens the analysis to the exploration of the discriminatory and violent consequences of various, often intertwining, security discourses and policy practices.
Conclusions
Authors: Stępka Maciej 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis chapter summarises the findings of the book and provides concluding remarks. The summary is supplemented with a table encompassing the whole structure of the EU policy framing process. It revisits how security logics intertwined and influenced each other within the whole EU frame-narrative produced in response to the “migration crisis”, exactly indicating points of convergence and divergence in the securitisation process. It discusses how broadly understood risk, reflected in risk management and resilience, has dominated the EU frame-narrative on the “migration crisis” but at the same time did not eliminate other logics from the framing process. Human security, and “exceptionality” proved to be important elements of securitisation, serving different purposes and stimulating the process in different ways and to different ends.
New anomalies, TQFTs, and confinement in bosonic chiral gauge theories
Authors: Anber Mohamed M. , Hong Sungwoo , Son Minho 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We study a class of 4-dimensional SU(N) chiral gauge theories with fermions in the 2-index symmetric and antisymmetric representations and classify their infrared phases. The choice N = 4ℤ corresponds to gauging the fermion number and makes the theory purely bosonic. We examine the most general background fields of the centers of the gauge, non-abelian flavor, and U(1)-axial groups that can be consistently activated, thereby determine the faithful global continuous and discrete symmetries of the theory. This allows us to identify new mixed 0-form/1-form ‘t Hooft anomalies on both spin and nonspin manifolds. If the theory confines, the absence of composite fermions implies that continuous symmetries must be broken down to anomaly-free subgroups. Anomalies associated with discrete symmetries can be saturated either by breaking the symmetry or by a symmetry-preserving topological quantum field theory (TQFT). The latter, however, is obstructed on spin manifold. The interplay between these features greatly restricts the possible infrared physics. We present two examples that demonstrate our approach. We argue that if the theory confines, the zoo of anomalies and TQFT obstruction greatly restrict the viable infrared condensates. We also discuss the possibility that some theories flow to a conformal fixed point.
Charges and fluxes on (perturbed) non-expanding horizons
Authors: Ashtekar Abhay , Khera Neev , Kolanowski Maciej , Lewandowski Jerzy 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In a companion paper [1] we showed that the symmetry group $$ \mathfrak{G} $$
G
of non-expanding horizons (NEHs) is a 1-dimensional extension of the Bondi-Metzner-Sachs group $$ \mathfrak{B} $$
B
at $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
+. For each infinitesimal generator of $$ \mathfrak{G} $$
G
, we now define a charge and a flux on NEHs as well as perturbed NEHs. The procedure uses the covariant phase space framework in presence of internal null boundaries $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
along the lines of [2–6]. However, $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
is required to be an NEH or a perturbed NEH. Consequently, charges and fluxes associated with generators of $$ \mathfrak{G} $$
G
are free of physically unsatisfactory features that can arise if $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
is allowed to be a general null boundary. In particular, all fluxes vanish if $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
is an NEH, just as one would hope; and fluxes associated with symmetries representing ‘time-translations’ are positive definite on perturbed NEHs. These results hold for zero as well as non-zero cosmological constant. In the asymptotically flat case, as noted in [1], $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
±are NEHs in the conformally completed space-time but with an extra structure that reduces $$ \mathfrak{G} $$
G
to $$ \mathfrak{B} $$
B
. The flux expressions at $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
reflect this synergy between NEHs and $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
+. In a forthcoming paper, this close relation between NEHs and $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
+ will be used to develop gravitational wave tomography, enabling one to deduce horizon dynamics directly from the waveforms at $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
+.
Producing and detecting long-lived particles at different experiments at the LHC
Authors: Yuan Chaochen , Chen Guoming , Zhang Huaqiao , Zhao Yue 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We propose a new strategy to look for long-lived particles (LLP) at the LHC. The LLPs are produced at one experiment, but its decay products are detected by a detector at another experiment. We use a confining Hidden Valley scenario as a benchmark. Through showering and hadronization, the multiplicity of hidden mesons can be large, and their decay products, dimuon as chosen in this study, are typically too soft to pass triggers in traditional LHC searches. We find the best acceptance is achieved if we produce LLPs at collision points at the LHCb and ALICE experiments, and use the muon chamber of ATLAS for detection. This new search is cost-efficient since it does not require a new detector to be built. Meanwhile, it can provide coverage of interesting parameter space, which is complementary to other proposed LLP searches.
Integrable domain walls in ABJM theory
Authors: Kristjansen Charlotte , Vu Dinh-Long , Zarembo Konstantin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
One-point functions of local operators are studied, at weak and strong coupling, for the ABJM theory in the presence of a 1/2 BPS domain wall. In the underlying quantum spin chain the domain wall is represented by a boundary state which we show is integrable yielding a compact determinant formula for one-point functions of generic operators.
Investigating the effect of polarity of stationary and mobile phases on retention of cannabinoids in normal phase liquid chromatography
Authors: De Luca Chiara , Buratti Alessandro , Krauke Yannick , Stephan Svea , Monks Kate , Brighenti Virginia , Pellati Federica , Cavazzini Alberto , Catani Martina , Felletti Simona 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis work reports about a screening of four adsorbents with different polarity employed for the separation of the main phytocannabinoids contained inCannabis sativaL., under normal phase liquid chromatography (NPLC). The effect of polarity and type of interaction mechanisms of the adsorbents (namely Si-, CN-, Diol-, and NH2-based SPs) on retention has been investigated under a variety of conditions either by using different combinations of apolar solvents (heptane or hexane) and alcohols (ethanol or isopropanol). The columns have also been employed for the separation of a real cannabis sample.
Cognitive appraisal of the disease and stress level in lung cancer patients. The mediating role of coping styles
Authors: Poręba-Chabros Agata , Kolańska-Stronka Magdalena , Mamcarz Piotr , Mamcarz Izabela 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of the study was to provide support for the hypothesis that there was a correlation between the subjective appraisal of one’s disease and the level of stress, as well as the hypothesis that coping styles may have a mediating role on the relationship between the perception of the disease and stress level in patients diagnosed with lung cancer.

Methods
The study involved 97 respondents diagnosed with lung cancer, including 50 men and 47 women. The following methods were used for the study: the Disease-Related Appraisals Scale, the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations, and the Perceived Stress Scale. Socio-demographic data were also collected.

Results
The results show that emotion-oriented coping (EOC) acts as a mediator on the relationship between the appraisal of the disease and stress level in patients diagnosed with lung cancer. A total of 4 multiple mediation models were tested.

Conclusion
The research findings provide support for the hypothesis that coping style is crucial for the way patients appraise their disease and for their stress level. It is important to diagnose individual specific needs of lung cancer patients. The research results are an important source of information for those responsible for training medical staff on how to support cancer patients in their illness.
Physical, behavioral, and hormonal changes in the resumption of sexual receptivity during postpartum infertility in female bonobos at Wamba
Authors: Hashimoto Chie , Ryu Heungjin , Mouri Keiko , Shimizu Keiko , Sakamaki Tetsuya , Furuichi Takeshi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe operational sex ratio (OSR) is used as a predictor for the intensity of mating competition. While many factors affect the OSR, there tends to be a high male bias in primate species with long interbirth intervals and non-seasonal breeding, such as hominid apes. However, the OSR of bonobos (Pan paniscus) is lower than that of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), which is thought to reduce competitive and aggressive male behaviors. The low OSR of bonobos is considered to result from the early resumption of female sexual receptivity during postpartum infertility and the receptivity that they continue to show until the late stage of pregnancy. In this study, we aimed to examine the early resumption of sexual receptivity by providing quantitative data on the resumption of maximal swelling (MS) in sexual skin and copulation, and changes in urinary estrone conjugate (E1C) concentrations during postpartum infertility in wild bonobos at Wamba in the Luo Scientific Reserve, Democratic Republic of the Congo. An analysis of 9 years of data revealed that females showed the first MS at 225.4 ± 132.7 days after parturition and performed the first copulation at 186.8 ± 137.5 days after parturition, both of which were in the early stage of postpartum infertility. The proportion of days with MS and the frequency of copulation steadily increased subsequently; however, the rate of increase gradually slowed approximately 42–48 months after parturition. There was a significant correlation between the proportion of days with MS and the frequency of copulation in each period for each female. We confirmed that E1C concentrations were significantly higher during the MS phase than during the non-MS phase. Data collected over 15 months on the E1C concentration during MS showed that it increased linearly from the early stage of lactation to the next conception. These results suggest that, although female bonobos do not usually conceive until 49.7 months after parturition, they resume MS and receptivity at a low level of E1C concentration during an early stage of postpartum infertility. This study of female bonobo receptivity and sex hormone changes during the postpartum non-fertile period provides important insights for examining the evolution of low OSR, which has been considered to contribute to peaceful social relationships among bonobos.
Evaluation of uptake of the cytostatic methotrexate in Elliptio complanata mussels by LC–MS/MS
Authors: Poirier Larabie Sylvie , Jutras Martin , Leclair Grégoire , St-Jean Isabelle , Kleinert Christine , Gagné François , Gagnon Christian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAquatic organisms are continuously exposed to emerging contaminants coming from urban effluents of wastewater treatment plants. The contamination of surface water by those effluents poses a number of environmental risks, and pharmaceuticals are part of this class of effluent contaminants. Various classes of pharmaceuticals are not treated by wastewater treatment plants and anticancer drugs are part of them. The chemotherapy drug methotrexate (MTX) is an emerging contaminant and its growing use with the increase in cancer cases worldwide raises potential risk to aquatic organisms exposed to effluent discharges. However, chemical analyses in exposed freshwater aquatic organisms for ecotoxicological studies are rarely available and no studies have been done yet to accompany ecotoxicological data of exposed filter-feeding organisms. The purpose of this study was to develop a specific and sensitive analytical LC–MS/MS method for the quantification of methotrexate uptake in mussels exposed at different concentrations of the drug. A solid/liquid extraction followed by solid phase extraction (SPE) using an MCX phase purification scheme was optimized. The optimal recovery of 65% and matrix effect of 38% allowed to achieve a limit of quantification of 0.25 ng g−1, with an accuracy of 99–106%, a precision of no more than 3% RSD, and linearity ranging from 0.25 to 25 ng g−1. This methodology was tested with mussels exposed for 96 h at different concentrations (4 to 100 µg L−1) of MTX. The data revealed tissue uptake at concentrations ranging from 0 to 2.53 ng g−1. This suggests that this drug has low uptake potential and this methodology could be used to examine tissue levels of this drug in organisms continuously exposed to urban pollution.
Determination of the Partial Contributions to the Electrical Conductivity of TiO2-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-CaO Slags: Role of the Experimental Processing Conditions
Authors: Martin-Treceno Samuel , Allanore Antoine , Bishop Catherine M. , Watson Matthew J. , Marshall Aaron T. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The electrical transport properties of molten TiO2–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO–CaO slags were determined as a function of temperature and oxygen partial pressure. To avoid the corrosion of crucible materials by this slag at ultra high temperatures, the pendant droplet technique was used inside a modified floating zone furnace. Electronic and ionic transference numbers were estimated using stepped-potential chronoamperometry experiments to quantify the contribution of the electronic/ionic conductivity to the total electric conductivity. The results show that these slags are mixed conductors, where current is carried by ionic and electronic carriers. The oxygen partial pressure dependence of the electronic transference numbers,

$$t_e$$

t
e

, indicated a semiconducting mechanism in the molten slag. The ratio of the different valences of the transition metal ions had a predominant effect on the

$$t_e$$

t
e

. The

$${{\text{TiO}}_{2}}$$

TiO
2

content also favoured electronic conduction, while the effect of temperature and structure was less noticeable within the temperature and composition range studied.