bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nationwide confidential enquiries into maternal deaths because of obstetric hemorrhage in the Netherlands between 2006 and 2019
Authors: Ramler Paul I. , Beenakkers Ingrid C. M. , Bloemenkamp Kitty W. M. , Van der Bom Johanna G. , Braams‐Lisman Babette A. M. , Cornette Jérôme M. J. , Kallianidis Athanasios F. , Kuppens Simone M. I. , Rietveld Anna L. , Schaap Timme P. , Schutte Joke M. , Stekelenburg Jelle , Zwart Joost J. , Van den Akker Thomas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionObstetric hemorrhage‐related deaths are rare in high income countries. Yet, with increasing incidences of obstetric hemorrhage in these countries, it is of utmost importance to learn lessons from each obstetric hemorrhage‐related death to improve maternity care. Our objective was to calculate the obstetric hemorrhage‐related maternal mortality ratio (MMR), assess causes of obstetric hemorrhage‐related deaths, and identify lessons learned.Material and methodsNationwide mixed‐methods prospective case‐series with confidential enquiries into maternal deaths due to obstetric hemorrhage in the Netherlands from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2019.ResultsThe obstetric hemorrhage‐related MMR in the Netherlands in 2006–2019 was 0.7 per 100 000 livebirths and was not statistically significantly different compared with the previous MMR of 1.0 per 100 000 livebirths in 1993–2005 (odds ratio 0.70, 95% confidence interval 0.38–1.30). Leading underlying cause of hemorrhage was retained placenta. Early recognition of persistent bleeding, prompt involvement of a senior clinician and timely management tailored to the cause of hemorrhage with attention to coagulopathy were prominent lessons learned. Also, timely recourse to surgical interventions, including hysterectomy, in case other management options fail to stop bleeding came up as an important lesson in several obstetric hemorrhage‐related deaths.ConclusionsThe obstetric hemorrhage‐related MMR in the Netherlands in 2006–2019 has not substantially changed compared to the MMR of the previous enquiry in 1993–2005. Although obstetric hemorrhage is commonly encountered by maternity care professionals, it is important to remain vigilant for possible adverse maternal outcomes and act upon an ongoing bleeding following birth in a more timely and adequate manner. Our confidential enquiries still led to important lessons learned with clinical advice to professionals as how to improve maternity care and avoid maternal deaths. Drawing lessons from maternal deaths should remain a qualitative and moral imperative.
Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of L‐ornithine phenylacetate in overt hepatic encephalopathy and the effect of plasma ammonia concentration reduction on clinical outcomes
Authors: Safadi Rifaat , Rahimi Robert S. , Thabut Dominique , Bajaj Jasmohan S. , Ram Bhamidimarri Kalyan , Pyrsopoulos Nikolaos , Potthoff Amy , Bukofzer Stan , Wang Laurene , Jamil Khurram , Devarakonda Krishna R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a serious neurocognitive complication of liver dysfunction, often associated with elevated plasma ammonia. Ornithine phenylacetate (OP), a potent ammonia scavenger, is being evaluated for the treatment of acute/overt HE. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of OP in patients with HE were characterized in this phase IIb study (NCT01966419). Adult patients hospitalized with an overt HE episode, cirrhosis, and plasma ammonia above the upper limit of normal (ULN) who failed to improve after 48 hours’ standard care were randomly assigned to continuous intravenous OP (10, 15, or 20 g/day, based on Child–Turcotte–Pugh score) or matching placebo for 5 days. Plasma levels of ornithine and phenylacetic acid (PAA) and plasma/urinary levels of phenylacetylglutamine (PAGN) (primary metabolite of PAA) were regularly assessed; plasma ammonia level was the primary pharmacodynamic variable. PAA demonstrated dose‐dependent pharmacokinetics; ornithine and PAGN levels increased with dose. PAGN urinary excretion represented ~50%–60% of administered PAA across all doses. Mean reduction in plasma ammonia with OP at 3 hours postinfusion was significantly greater versus placebo (p = 0.014); and time to achieve plasma ammonia less than or equal to the ULN was significantly reduced (p = 0.028). Achievement of clinical response based on HE stage was associated with a greater reduction in mean plasma ammonia level (p = 0.009). OP effects on plasma ammonia were consistent with its proposed mechanism of action as a primary ammonia scavenger, with a significant association between reduced plasma ammonia and improvement in HE stage. OP should be further evaluated as a promising treatment for hyperammonemia in patients with overt HE.
Acute changes in plasma glucose increases left ventricular systolic function in insulin‐treated patients with type 2 diabetes and controls
Authors: Andersen Andreas , Jørgensen Peter G. , Bagger Jonatan I. , Baldassarre Maria P. A. , Christensen Mikkel B. , Pedersen‐Bjergaard Ulrik , Lindhardt Tommi B. , Gislason Gunnar , Knop Filip K. , Vilsbøll Tina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimsWe aimed to evaluate the effect of acute hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia on cardiac function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and a control group.Materials and methodsIn a nonrandomized interventional study, insulin‐treated patients with T2D (N = 21, mean ± SD age 62.8 ± 6.5 years, body mass index [BMI] 29.0 ± 4.2 kg/m2, glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c] 51.0 ± 5.4 mmol/mol [6.8 ± 0.5%]) and matched controls (N = 21, mean ± SD age 62.2 ± 8.3 years, BMI 29.2 ± 3.5 kg/m2, HbA1c 34.3 ± 3.3 mmol/L [5.3 ± 0.3%]) underwent one experimental day with plasma glucose (PG) clamped at three different 30‐minute steady‐state levels: (1) fasting plasma glucose (FPG); (2) hyperglycaemia (FPG + 10 mmol/L); and (3) hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (PG <3.0 mmol/L). Cardiac function was evaluated during each steady state by echocardiography.ResultsAcute hyperglycaemia increased left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction from baseline in patients with T2D (mean [95% confidence interval] 4.5 percentage points [1.1; 7.9]) but not in controls (2.0 percentage points [−1.4; 5.4]). Mitral annular peak systolic velocity (s′) increased during hyperglycaemia in both patients and controls (0.4 m/s [0.2;0.6] and 0.6 m/s [0.4; 0.8], respectively), whereas global longitudinal strain rate only increased in the controls (−0.05 s−1 [−0.12; 0.02] and −0.11 s−1 [−0.18; −0.03], respectively). All measures of LV systolic function increased markedly during hypoglycaemia (P <0.01 for all). No interaction between group and PG level on cardiac function was observed.ConclusionsAcute hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia increase LV systolic function, with no difference between patients with T2D and controls. Standardization of PG may improve reproducibility when evaluating LV systolic function in patients with T2D.
RETRACTED: Using electroencephalogram classification in a convolutional neural network, infer privacy on healthcare internet of things 5.0
Authors: Mahalaxmi U. S. B. K. , Sahay Kishan Bhushan , Sabitha R. , Haleem Sulaima Lebbe Abdul , Kaur Prabjot , Vijayakumar P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhen enabled by the internet of health things (IoHT), brain neuroscience may conduct online analysis of brain information through multi‐variate electroencephalogram (EEG) classification, which would be a requirement for the recent surge in biofeedback technologies and medical supervision. With the ever‐increasing privacy issues and vulnerabilities of conventional methods, a universal and reliable‐based authentication framework for smart IoHT application with 5G technology (healthcare 5.0) is needed. Research teams have come to trust the EEG features because of their reliability, durability and universality. Fortunately, the testing paradigm's restricted functionality and poor classification accuracy have kept an EEG‐based identity authentication scheme from being widely seen in IoHT scenarios. However, due to unsatisfactory categories and the failure of a reliable identity authentication scheme, it remains important in research challenges. This research presents the design of an EEG identity authentication system supported via convolutional neural network classification includes cloud support storage methodology in the healthcare 5.0 environment, resulting in extremely high reliability, consistency and protection for the next generation of smart systems. The experimental results indicate that the accuracy and efficacy of the user authentication expect a higher legal probability of success and a lower unauthorized likelihood of success from a safety perspective. As compared to other frameworks, traditional EEG‐based authorization approaches test results to reveal that the proposed methodology yields the desired classification accuracy of 97.6%. The experiment performance on an authentication scenario is structured to prove that the proposed method is efficient, reliable and accurate.
Functional bacterial cultures for dairy applications: Towards improving safety, quality, nutritional and health benefit aspects
Authors: González-González Felipe , Delgado Susana , Ruiz Lorena , Margolles Abelardo , Ruas-Madiedo Patricia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Traditionally, fermentation was used to preserve the shelf life of food. Currently, in addition to favouring food preservation, well standardized and controlled industrial processes are also aimed at improving the functional characteristics of the final product. In this regard, starter cultures have become an essential cornerstone of food production. The selection of robust microorganisms, well adapted to the food environment, has been followed by the development of microbial consortia that provide some functional characteristics, beyond their acidifying capacity, achieving safer, high-quality foods with improved nutritional and health-promoting properties. In addition to starters, adjunct cultures and probiotics, which normally do not have a relevant role in fermentation, are added to the food in order to provide some beneficial characteristics. This review focuses on highlighting the functional characteristics of food starters, as well as adjunct and probiotic cultures (mainly lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria), with a specific focus on the synthesis of metabolites for preservation and safety aspects (e.g. bacteriocins), organoleptic properties (e.g. exopolysaccharides), nutritional (e.g. vitamins) and health improvement (e.g. neuroactive molecules). Literature reporting the application of these functional cultures in the manufacture of foods, mainly those related to dairy production, such as cheeses and fermented milks, has also been updated.
Proposal for a 6‐step approach for differential diagnosis of neonatal erythroderma
Authors: Cuperus E. , Bygum A. , Boeckmann L. , Bodemer C. , Bolling M.C. , Caproni M. , Diociaiuti A. , Emmert S. , Fischer J. , Gostynski A. , Guez S. , van Gijn M.E. , Hannulla‐Jouppi K. , Has C. , Hernández‐Martín A. , Martinez A.E. , Mazereeuw‐Hautier J. , Medvecz M. , Neri I. , Sigurdsson V. , Suessmuth K. , Traupe H. , Oji V. , Pasmans S.G.M.A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe broad differential diagnosis of neonatal erythroderma often poses a diagnostic challenge. Mortality of neonatal erythroderma is high due to complications of the erythroderma itself and the occasionally severe and life‐threatening underlying disease. Early correct recognition of the underlying cause leads to better treatment and prognosis. Currently, neonatal erythroderma is approached on a case‐by‐case basis. The purpose of this scoping review was to develop a diagnostic approach in neonatal erythroderma. After a systematic literature search in Embase (January 1990 – May 2020, 74 cases of neonatal erythroderma were identified, and 50+ diagnoses could be extracted. Main causes were the ichthyoses (40%) and primary immunodeficiencies (35%). Congenital erythroderma was present in 64% (47/74) of the cases, predominantly with congenital ichthyosis (11/11; 100%), Netherton syndrome (12/14, 86%) and Omenn syndrome (11/23, 48%). Time until diagnosis ranged from 102 days to 116 days for cases of non‐congenital erythroderma and congenital erythroderma respectively. Among the 74 identified cases a total of 17 patients (23%) died within a mean of 158 days and were related to Omenn syndrome (35%), graft‐versus‐host disease (67%) and Netherton syndrome (18%). Disease history and physical examination are summarized in this paper. Age of onset and a collodion membrane can help to narrow the differential diagnoses. Investigations of blood, histology, hair analysis, genetic analysis and clinical imaging are summarized and discussed. A standard blood investigation is proposed, and the need for skin biopsies with lympho‐epithelial Kazal‐type related Inhibitor staining is highlighted. Overall, this review shows that diagnostic procedures narrow the differential diagnosis in neonatal erythroderma. A 6‐step flowchart for the diagnostic approach for neonatal erythroderma during the first month of life is proposed. The approach was made with the support of expert leaders from international multidisciplinary collaborations in the European Reference Network Skin‐subthematic group Ichthyosis.
Somatic mutational landscape of extracranial arteriovenous malformations and phenotypic correlations
Authors: El Sissy F.N. , Wassef M. , Faucon B. , Salvan D. , Nadaud S. , Coulet F. , Adle‐Biassette H. , Soubrier F. , Bisdorff A. , Eyries M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundSomatic genetic variants may be the cause of extracranial arteriovenous malformations, but few studies have explored these genetic anomalies, and no genotype–phenotype correlations have been identified.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to characterize the somatic genetic landscape of extracranial arteriovenous malformations and correlate these findings with the phenotypic characteristics of these lesions.MethodsThis study included twenty‐three patients with extracranial arteriovenous malformations that were confirmed clinically and treated by surgical resection, and for whom frozen tissue samples were available. Targeted next‐generation sequencing analysis of tissues was performed using a gene panel that included vascular disease‐related genes and tumour‐related genes.ResultsWe identified a pathogenic variant in 18 out of 23 samples (78.3%). Pathogenic variants were mainly located in MAP2K1 (n = 7) and KRAS (n = 6), and more rarely in BRAF (n = 2) and RASA1 (n = 3). KRAS variants were significantly (P < 0.005) associated with severe extended facial arteriovenous malformations, for which relapse after surgical resection is frequently observed, while MAP2K1 variants were significantly (P < 0.005) associated with less severe, limited arteriovenous malformations located on the lips.ConclusionsOur study highlights a high prevalence of pathogenic somatic variants, predominantly in MAP2K1 and KRAS, in extracranial arteriovenous malformations. In addition, our study identifies for the first time a correlation between the genotype, clinical severity and angiographic characteristics of extracranial arteriovenous malformations. The RAS/MAPK variants identified in this study are known to be associated with malignant tumours for which targeted therapies have already been developed. Thus, identification of these somatic variants could lead to new therapeutic options to improve the management of patients with extracranial arteriovenous malformations.
Olfactory responses to volatile organic compounds and movement parameters of Philaenus spumarius and Cicadella viridis
Authors: Rodrigues Isabel , Benhadi‐Marín Jacinto , Rodrigues Nuno , Baptista Paula , Pereira José Alberto 
Published: March 2022

AbstractXylella fastidiosa, the causal agent of several diseases in crops of economic interest, could be rapidly transmitted and spread throughout the agroecosystem landscape by xylem sap‐feeding insects. Chemical signals in the environment drive the behaviour of insects. Attractive or repulsive responses to signals may affect insects’ fitness, survival and reproduction, and elicit different movement patterns. Specific movement patterns derived from olfactory cues towards the selection of plants for feeding may trigger the transmission of the pathogen by the insect. Thus, understanding vectors’ olfactory response and movement parameters are of utmost importance. This work aimed to assess the olfactory response of Philaenus spumarius and Cicadella viridis adults to two Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) (cis‐3‐hexenyl acetate and cis‐3‐hexen‐1‐ol) present in almond, olive and vine leaves. Insects’ behavioural responses were conducted in a four‐arm olfactometer, and the two aforementioned VOCs were tested at different concentrations (5, 10, 20 and 30 µg/µl). At the lowest concentration, females of P. spumarius were significantly attracted by the two VOCs. At the highest concentrations, no significant differences were detected among treatments. Cicadella viridis individuals showed no significant differences in their choice at any concentration. Additionally, the walking movement of these insects was also studied in the absence of food. Females of P. spumarius and C. viridis can walk significantly more at a significantly higher velocity than males. Knowledge of the olfactory response of X. fastidiosa vectors and their movement parameters can be essential to develop new tools to limit the spread of this phytopathogen.
The impact of fetal growth restriction in diagnosing preeclampsia on the severity of maternal features
Authors: Kasuya Minori , Akiba Naoya , Iriyama Takayuki , Sayama Seisuke , Kubota Kaori , Toshimitsu Masatake , Seyama Takahiro , Sone Kenbun , Kumasawa Keiichi , Nagamatsu Takeshi , Fujii Tomoyuki , Osuga Yutaka 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimWe aimed to assess the impact of fetal growth restriction (FGR) as a diagnostic criterion for preeclampsia (PE) on the severity of maternal preeclamptic features by comparing it with other diagnostic criteria for PE, maternal organ dysfunction.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of singleton pregnancies. Based on the status at diagnosis, PE cases preceded by FGR without maternal organ dysfunction (Group F; n = 28) and those preceded by maternal organ dysfunction without FGR (Group M; n = 87) were analyzed.ResultsGroup F had an earlier PE diagnosis (32.5 ± 4.9 vs. 36.7 ± 3.5 weeks, p < 0.01) and delivery (33.7 ± 4.5 vs. 37.5 ± 3.1 weeks, p < 0.01) than Group M. No significant differences in maternal morbidities were observed between the groups, including severe hypertension (75.0 vs. 60.0%), need for intravenous antihypertensives (42.9 vs. 48.3%) or magnesium sulfate (60.7 vs. 54.5%), or a composite of major maternal complications (17.9 vs. 21.8%). When limited to early‐onset PE diagnosed before 34 weeks of gestation (17 and 17 cases in Group F and M, respectively), the frequencies of maternal morbidities (severe hypertension: 70.6 vs. 52.9%, intravenous antihypertensives: 35.3 vs. 35.3%, magnesium sulfate: 58.8 vs. 47.1%, major complications: 29.4 vs. 23.5%) and the duration from diagnosis until delivery (11.2 ± 14.7 vs. 16.5 ± 21.7 days) were comparable between two groups.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the presence of FGR on PE diagnosis is associated with the development of severe maternal symptoms as much as that of maternal organ dysfunction at diagnosis, and it may be reasonable to include FGR in PE diagnostic criteria.
Identification and functional expression of a new xylose isomerase from the goat rumen microbiome in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: de Souza Colombo Gabriel , Viana Mendes Isis , de Morais Souto Betúlia , Chaves Barreto Cristine , Assis Serra Luana , Ferreira Noronha Eliane , Skorupa Parachin Nádia , Moreira de Almeida João Ricardo , Ferraz Quirino Betania 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The current climate crisis demands replacement of fossil energy sources with sustainable alternatives. In this scenario, second-generation bioethanol, a product of lignocellulosic biomass fermentation, represents a more sustainable alternative. However, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cannot metabolize pentoses, such as xylose, present as a major component of lignocellulosic biomass. Xylose isomerase (XI) is an enzyme that allows xylose consumption by yeasts, because it converts xylose into xylulose, which is further converted to ethanol by the pentose-phosphate pathway. Only a few XI were successfully expressed in S. cerevisiae strains. This work presents a new bacterial XI, named GR-XI 1, obtained from a Brazilian goat rumen metagenomic library. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the bacterial origin of the gene, which is related to Firmicutes XIs. After codon optimization, this enzyme, renamed XySC1, was functionally expressed in S. cerevisiae, allowing growth in media with xylose as sole carbon source. Overexpression of XySC1 in S. cerevisiae allowed the recombinant strain to efficiently consume and metabolize xylose under aerobic conditions.
Rare Disasters, the Natural Interest Rate and Monetary Policy*
Authors: Cantelmo Alessandro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article evaluates the impact of rare disasters on the natural interest rate and inflation, and their implications for monetary policy, by using data on natural disasters in OECD countries. Ex‐ante, disaster risk behaves as a negative demand shock and permanently lowers the natural rate and inflation. These effects become larger and nonlinear if the frequency of extreme natural disasters increases. Ex‐post, a disaster realization leads to temporarily higher or lower natural rate and inflation depending on whether supply‐ or demand‐side effects prevail. The article hence shows the importance of disentangling disaster strikes from disaster risk in shaping monetary policy.
New diagnostıc perspectives in the management of pediatrıc beta‐lactam allergy
Authors: Arıkoğlu Tuğba , Kuyucu Semanur , Caubet Jean‐Christoph 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSince overdiagnosis of beta‐lactam (BL) allergy is common in the pediatric population, delabeling is a critical part of antimicrobial stewardship. Undesirable consequences of inaccurate BL allergy labeling can be handled by incorporating traditional delabeling or newer risk‐based strategies into antibiotic stewardship programs. Conventional assessment of BL allergy relies upon a stepwise algorithm including a clinical history with skin testing followed by drug provocation tests (DPTs). However, a growing number of studies highlighted the suboptimal diagnostic value of skin testing in children. Recently, there has been a paradigm shift in the practice of BL allergy assessment due to recent challenging data which emphasize the safety and accuracy of direct DPTs in children with a suspicion of non‐immediate mild cutaneous reactions such as maculopapular eruption, delayed urticaria, and possibly also for benign immediate reactions such as urticaria/angioedema. Identifying low‐risk BL allergy patients, in whom skin tests can be skipped and proceeding directly to DPTs could be safe, has become a hot topic in recent years. New risk stratification and predictive modeling studies that have the potential to better predict BL allergy risk status have recently been introduced into the field of drug allergy, particularly in adults. However, in contrast to adults, risk assessment studies in children are rare, and optimal risk definitions are controversial. In the coming years, promising potential methods to elucidate the predictors of BL allergy in children will require multidimensional approaches that may include predictive analytics, artificial intelligence techniques, and point‐of‐care clinical decision tools.