bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guiding of Laguerre–Gaussian pulses in high-order plasma channels
Authors: Yu L , Zhao H M , Cao Q , Zhu X Z , Li J L , Li B Y , Liu F , Chen M , Sheng Z M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In laser wakefield accelerators, guiding of drive laser pulses in preformed plasma channels plays a key role to overcome laser diffraction for effective acceleration. Different from guiding schemes studied previously, where a Gaussian laser pulse and a parabolic plasma channel were investigated, here we investigate the guiding of Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) pulses in plasma channels. Analytical studies and three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations show that the matched conditions still exist for high order laser pulses and high order plasma channels. For usual Gaussian and high order LG pulses, the second order parabolic channel gives the best guiding. Although the laser pulse can also be guided in even higher order channels, its envelope deforms during propagation. For laser pulses with combined multi-LG modes, determined by their azimuthal orbit angular momenta, there is axisymmetric or non-axisymmetric evolution for the transverse laser intensity profile. The preformed plasma channel can guide the combined pulses but the transverse intensity profile of the laser pulses always evolves.
Simplified dynamical model and experimental verification of an underwater hydraulic soft robotic arm
Authors: Xie Qing , Wang Tao , Zhu Shiqiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Inherent compliance equips soft robotic arms with such advantages as incomparable flexibility, good adaptability, and safe interaction with the environment, etc. However, the strong nonlinearity also brings challenges to predict their dynamic behaviors. This work presents a simplified dynamic model of an underwater soft robotic arm which has three fiber-reinforced hydraulic chambers distributed symmetrically in each section. By controlling the pressures in the chambers, the soft robotic arm can perform complex spatial motion with multiple degrees of freedom. The model is based on Lagrangian method and piecewise constant curvature hypothesis, and considers the nonlinear viscoelasticity of soft material. The model accuracy is verified by the experiments of a two-section soft robotic arm with different actuation modes. The effects of geometrical features on dynamic response are also investigated through model-based simulation and test verification, which can provide guidance to parameter optimization. The proposed dynamic model can be extended to multiple sections and contribute to behavior analysis, performance prediction, and motion control of the soft robotic arm.
Cubic nonlinearity driven dust ion acoustic solitons with superthermal two-temperature electrons in the Saturn’s magnetosphere
Authors: Nawaz H , Jahangir R , Masood W , Siddiq M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Nonlinear propagation of electrostatic waves with cubic nonlinearity has been investigated in a multicomponent dusty plasma with inertial ions, superthermal two temperature electrons and stationary dust. In this regard, single and multi-soliton solutions of modified Korteweg–de Vries (mKdV) equation for dust ion acoustic waves (DIAWs) have been investigated implementing Hirota’s bilinear method. Plasma parameters affecting the amplitude of dust ion acoustic (DIA) mKdV single soliton have been thoroughly investigated based on the data from Saturn’s magnetosphere. The overtaking interaction of two mKdV solitons has been investigated by changing the percentage of propagation vectors to observe bipolar structure reducing to a single humped structure for a particular value of the ratio of propagation vectors. The most significant outcome of this study has been the investigation of interaction of a compressive and rarefactive dust ion acoustic soliton forming a peculiar composite shape at the interaction point.
Non-asymptotically flat Einstein-Scalar black hole
Authors: Mazharimousavi S Habib 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Exact solutions in general relativity and other theories in physics are important. One of such theories is the Einstein-Scalar theory. We present an exact class of solutions in the Einstein-Scalar theory with a specific nonlinear self-interacting potential. The potential admits a local minimum and a local maximum in general configuration. The solutions include AdS and dS black hole and non-black hole spacetimes. The scalar field is regular on and outside the horizon and asymptotically vanishes when

r
→
∞
.

We also study the thermal stability of the black hole solution and it is shown that the black hole is thermally stable for a certain interval of the radius of the horizon.
Spatiotemporal feedforward between PKM2 tetramers and mTORC1 prompts mTORC1 activation
Authors: Xia Yu , Wang Shuming , Song Chunbo , Luo Ruo-yu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Most mammalian cells couple glucose availability to anabolic processes via the mTORC1 pathway. However, the mechanism by which fluctuations in glucose availability are rapidly translated into mTORC1 signals remains elusive. Here, we show that cells rapidly respond to changes in glucose availability through the spatial coupling of mTORC1 and tetramers of the key glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) on lysosomal surfaces in the late G1/S phases. The lysosomal localization of PKM2 tetramers enables rapid increases in local ATP concentrations around lysosomes to activate mTORC1, while bypassing the need to elevate global ATP levels in the entire cell. In essence, this spatial coupling establishes a feedforward loop to enable mTORC1 to rapidly sense and respond to changes in glucose availability. We further demonstrate that this mechanism ensures robust cell proliferation upon fluctuating glucose availability. Thus, we present mechanistic insights into the rapid response of the mTORC1 pathway to changes in glucose availability. The underlying mechanism may be applicable to the control of other cellular processes.
Potential pollution of the K
π-puzzle by the isospin-breaking π
0-η-η' mixing effect *
Authors: Zhang Zhen-Hua 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The influence of the isospin-breaking

mixing effect on the

-asymmetries of

processes is examined for the first time. It is found that this mixing effect presents significant uncertainty for both the

-asymmetry sum rule of

processes and the

-asymmetry difference of

and

, potentially obscuring the significance of the

-puzzle. As the correction caused by the

mixing effect is highly dependent on four strong non-perturbative phases, a definitive conclusion is currently unavailable.
Variations in summertime compound heat extremes and their connections to urbanization in China during 1980–2020
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhao Na , Wang Yuwei , Chen Mingxing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Summertime heat extremes are exceptionally harmful and destructive to human health and socio-economic systems. Based on 2419 meteorological stations, this study investigates the temporal and spatial characteristics of summertime extreme high temperatures across China and their response to urbanization over the period 1980–2020. The results show that (a) both the maximum temperature (TXx) and minimum temperature (TNn) in the summer have shown an upward trend in most parts of China during the past 40 years; significant upward trends are found in eastern China for independent hot days (IHDs), independent hot nights (IHNs) and compound hot events (CHE). (b) Extreme heat shows a positive spatial clustering pattern across China. The hot spots of the three compound heat events (including IHD, IHN and CHE) are mainly distributed in the north; while the cold spots are roughly distributed in the south. The spatial pattern of hot and cold spots of TXx exhibits an east-west orientation while that of TNn shows a southeast-northwest orientation. (c) The correlation between the heat extremes and urbanization level varies among regions, with most exhibiting linear and exponential relationships. Significant urbanization effects on TXx and TNn are detected in all sub-regions, with contributions ranging from 11% to 41% and 14% to 29%, respectively, while urbanization contributions to the three compound heat events vary significantly among the sub-regions. Our findings present the spatio–temporal patterns of summertime heat extremes, especially the spatial clustering pattern of the compound extremes, and thus enrich the understanding of these variations and their regional response to urbanization, which may have important implications for policy-making among distinct sub-regions.
Regional projection of climate warming effects on coastal seas in east China
Authors: Zhang Wenxia , Dunne John P , Wu Hui , Zhou Feng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The coastal region in east China experiences massive anthropogenic eutrophication, and the bottom water off the Changjiang River Estuary in the East China Sea faces the threat of severe seasonal hypoxia. We find that projected future climate changes will work in parallel with anthropogenic eutrophication to exacerbate current hypoxia and increase shelf vulnerability to bottom hypoxia. We use a coupled physical-biogeochemical regional model to investigate the differences of shelf hydrography and oxygen dynamics between present and future projected states. Model results indicate that the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass which plays essential roles in nekton migration and shellfish farming practically disappears by the end of the 21st century, and shelf vertical stratification strengthens by an average of 12.7%. Hypoxia off the Changjiang River Estuary is exacerbated with increased (by one month) hypoxia duration, lower dissolved oxygen minima, and significant lateral (202%) and vertical (60%) expansions of hypoxic water. Reduced oxygen solubility, and accelerated oxygen consumption under increased primary production and rising water temperature contribute 42% and 58%, respectively, of bottom dissolved oxygen decrease in the East China Sea. Model results also show increased vertical diffusion of oxygen, despite vertical stratification strengthening, due to increased surface-bottom oxygen concentration gradient associated with increased oxygen release in surface water and exacerbated oxygen consumption in subsurface water.
Universality of the fully connected vertex in Laplacian continuous-time quantum walk problems
Authors: Razzoli Luca , Bordone Paolo , Paris Matteo G A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A fully connected vertex w in a simple graph G of order N is a vertex connected to all the other N − 1 vertices. Upon denoting by L the Laplacian matrix of the graph, we prove that the continuous-time quantum walk (CTQW)—with Hamiltonian H = γL—of a walker initially localized at |w⟩ does not depend on the graph G. We also prove that for any Grover-like CTQW—with Hamiltonian H = γL + ∑
w

λ

w
|w⟩⟨w|—the probability amplitude at the fully connected marked vertices w does not depend on G. The result does not hold for CTQW with Hamiltonian H = γA (adjacency matrix). We apply our results to spatial search and quantum transport for single and multiple fully connected marked vertices, proving that CTQWs on any graph G inherit the properties already known for the complete graph of the same order, including the optimality of the spatial search. Our results provide a unified framework for several partial results already reported in literature for fully connected vertices, such as the equivalence of CTQW and of spatial search for the central vertex of the star and wheel graph, and any vertex of the complete graph.
Investigation of complex-energy shift in time-dependent perturbed decaying systems
Authors: Szilvási Réka , Kis Dániel P 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper a wavefunction-centered description of decaying states that are coupled to an external potential of general time-dependence is investigated. We present the application of non-Hermitian spectral calculations merged with the (t, t′)-formalism to estimate the possible time-dependent potential induced corrections to the lifetime of quasi-stationary states. The appliance of the formalism is demonstrated on some specific potential models as illustrative examples that represent decaying systems. We argue, that the presented framework and computational technique might provide a way to evaluate the lifetime of quasi-stationary states of different types of physical decaying systems that are subjected to perturbative, time-dependent drivings.
Effects of mentoring housewives assistance on the ability to sort waste in sub-district of Panakukkang, Makassar
Authors: Nurleli  , Syatriani Sri , Fauziah Sri 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Waste sorting is separating one type of waste from another. In 2016, the amount of waste in Makassar reached 4,183.41 m3/day, while the amount handled was 3,962.63 m3/day. This study was conducted in 53 families of Sinrijala Village, Panakukkang District, Makassar with 48 housewives in order to evaluate the effects of mentoring housewives on the ability to sort waste using quasi-experimental research with a pretest-posttest non-randomized control group design. The results before mentoring showed that, in the experimental group, there was one respondent (4.20%) who sorted waste, while 23 respondents (95.80%) did not sort the waste. In the control group, there were two housewives (8.30%) who sorted the waste in contrast to 22 respondents (91.70%) who had never sorted the waste before. After being guided, 10 respondents of the experiment group (41.70%) sorted the waste. In the control group, two respondents (8.30%) sorted the waste. Statistical test obtained Z = -3000 and p-value of 0.003. Therefore, it is concluded that there is an effect of mentoring on waste sorting. For further studies, it is recommended to study the practice of recycling waste into goods of economic value.
Hazard risk identification from the used masks in Jabodetabek
Authors: Simatupang M M , Veronika E 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
COVID-19 has brought many changes of lifestyle to people around the world. The obligation to use masks as an effort to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 is such an example. This policy led to the increase of masks using in the general population. Some particular procedures of masks usage and used masks handling must be applied to prevent negative impacts. Many of these guidelines are not generally known. This study is carried out to determine the handling, cleaning, and disposal method of used masks at beginning of the pandemic. The research data were obtained from 152 random respondents who voluntarily filled out online questionnaires. Participants came from some areas in Jabodetabek that implemented Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) and were required to wear masks. Most of the respondents kept the used mask temporarily then reused it. Handling of the used masks, both surgical masks and cloth masks, was also showed poor sanitation for some participants. The waste generation from used surgical masks at the beginning of the pandemic was also quite alarming. Education on the handling method of used masks is important to be widely publicized to prevent potential hazards, such as the transmission of respiratory infections and environmental contamination risk.
The influence of decision making of farmers choosing rice varieties on rice productivity levels in Central Lampung Regency
Authors: Rangga K K , Yanfika H , Mangesti R A , Rudy  , Bursan R , Rahmat A , Adipathy D A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study aims to determine the influence of decision making of farmers choosing rice varieties on rice productivity levels. The data analysis method used in this study is descriptive and quantitative analysis. This research was conducted in Bangun Rejo Subdistrict, Central Lampung Regency. The number of respondents in this study was 73 samples. The data used is primary and secondary data. The data analysis in this study was conducted with multiple linear regression tests. The results showed that the decision-making process of choosing rice varieties by farmers is done by considering several things, namely the suitability of varieties to the needs of farmers, the suitability of varieties with the experience of farmers, the level of complexity in the application of varieties, as well as the relative advantages of varieties. The decision-making of farmers choosing rice varieties positively affects 90.4 percent of rice productivity. The more appropriate farmers choose rice varieties that suit the needs, conditions of the land, type and intensity of pest attacks in the area, it will support the acquisition of high productivity.
Synergy between Disaster Preparedness Area program with local institutions for community disaster preparedness
Authors: Suradi  , Sumarno S , Sugiyanto  , Nainggolan T , Murni R , Erwinsyah RG , Andriyani L 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The Government of Indonesia through Ministry of Social Affairs launched the Disaster Preparedness Area Program (Kawasan Siaga Bencana or KwSB) in 2019 to build community preparedness for natural disasters. This program is a forum for early community-based disaster management synergy with an integrated approach that involves various stakeholders in areas with high risk of natural disasters. Meanwhile social reality exposes that historically, people living in areas prone to natural disasters have had their own local institutions and knowledge on dealing with natural disasters. Several research results indicated there is a gap between the government programs and the social realities in society. Accordingly, this research will identify the consequences of the KwSB Program on existing local institutions in the community before this program was launched. That very problem is answered through qualitative approach with data collected from literature studies, observations, in-depth interviews, and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). Furthermore, the collected texts and narratives are analyzed by categorization and then comparing the existence and actions of local institutions before and after the KwSB Program. The results show that there are consequences due to the presence of the program on the social reality of local institutions, especially in the reconfiguration of social networks in the community.
Slow rotation of a sphere about its diameter normal to two planes with slip surfaces
Authors: Liao Jun Q , Keh Huan J 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The steady creeping flow of an incompressible Newtonian fluid around a slip spherical particle rotating about its diameter perpendicular to one or two slip plane walls is analyzed. To satisfy the Stokes equation for fluid velocity, the general solution consists of the sum of the essential solutions in spherical and cylindrical coordinates. Boundary conditions are implemented first on the plane walls by means of the Hankel transforms and then on the particle surface through a collocation method. The hydrodynamic torque exerted on the particle is obtained with excellent convergence for various values of the pertinent geometrical and stick-slip parameters, and the effect of the slip planes on the rotational motion of the slip particle is interesting. The torque increases with an increase in the stickiness of the walls from the limit of full slip to the limit of no slip. When the stick parameters of the plane walls are larger than some critical values, the hydrodynamic torque is more than that on an identical particle in the unbounded fluid and an increasing function of the stickiness of the particle surface and ratio of the particle radius to distance from the walls. When the stick parameters of the plane walls are smaller than the critical values, on the contrary, the torque is less than that on the particle in the unbounded fluid and a decreasing function of the surface stickiness and relative radius of the particle.
Property improvement of processed PLA/PBAT using chain extenders
Authors: Nekhamanurak Bawornkit 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The polymer blend of poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PLA/PBAT), commercially named Ecovio, is a biodegradable plastic with a high level of strength and toughness. Despite the development of biodegradable plastics with improved characteristics and greater applicability, their cost remains prohibitively high preventing their widespread use. One approach to reducing production costs is recycling manufactured waste plastics. However, in this process, the properties of plastic are typically changed due to chain scissions during thermal reprocessing. Using an additive such as a chain extender is thought to reconnect cleaved polymer chains. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the influences of two chain extenders, multifunctional epoxide and multifunctional imide, on the mechanical properties and thermal properties as well as the melt flow rate of Ecovio. Materials were processed and blended using a twin-screw extruder and formed into film samples via the blow film extrusion process. The findings revealed that the addition of chain extenders resulted in a higher viscosity of Ecovio. In the thermal properties test, it was found that the use of chain extenders resulted in shifts in the glass transition, crystallization, melting temperature, and thermal stability of Ecovio. Finally, the result of mechanical properties test illustrated that Young’s modulus and tensile strength of thermal processed Ecovio were changed and improved by blending with virgin Ecovio and chain extenders.
Divided-pulse nonlinear compression in a multipass cell
Authors: Stark Henning , Grebing Christian , Buldt Joachim , Klenke Arno , Limpert Jens 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The pulse-energy and peak-power limitations of a gas-filled multipass cell (MPC) for nonlinear pulse compression are surpassed by applying a burst of four temporally separated pulses instead of a single one. The burst is generated by two birefringent crystals and contains

1

m
J

of energy per pulse replica. It is then spectrally broadened in an Argon-filled MPC and recombined into a single pulse by a second set of birefringent crystals. The combined pulse is compressed by chirped mirrors to a pulse duration of

32

f
s

and a pulse energy of

3.4

m
J

. An excellent passive stability and a high system efficiency of

>

90% are reached. Using the 4-pulse burst, the overall output energy supported by the MPC is doubled in comparison to single-pulse operation.
Physics-based compact modelling of the analog dynamics of HfO
x
resistive memories
Authors: Vaccaro F , Brivio S , Perotto S , Mauri A G , Spiga S 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Resistive random access memories (RRAMs) constitute a class of memristive devices particularly appealing for bio-inspired computing schemes. In particular, the possibility of achieving analog control of the electrical conductivity of RRAM devices can be exploited to mimic the behaviour of biological synapses in neuromorphic systems. With a view to neuromorphic computing applications, it turns out to be crucial to guarantee some features, among which a detailed device characterization, a mathematical modelling comprehensive of all the key features of the device both in quasi-static and dynamic conditions, a description of the variability due to the inherently stochasticity of the processes involved in the switching transitions. In this paper, starting from experimental data, we provide a modelling and simulation framework to reproduce the operative analog behaviour of HfO
x
-based RRAM devices under train of programming pulses both in the analog and binary operation mode. To this aim, we have calibrated the model by using a single set of parameters for the quasi-static current–voltage characteristics as well as switching kinetics and device dynamics. The physics-based compact model here settled captures the difference between the SET and the RESET processes in the I–V characteristics, as well as the device memory window both for strong and weak programming conditions. Moreover, the model reproduces the correct slopes of the highly non-linear kinetics curves over several orders of magnitudes in time, and the dynamic device response including the inherent device variability.