bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A water‐soluble 1,8‐naphthalimide‐based fluorescent pH probe for distinguishing tumorous tissues and inflammation in mice
Authors: Jia Chunmiao , Wang Xiaodong , Zan Qi , Yang Qianqian , Wang Yubin , Yu Xue , Zhang Yuewei , Dong Chuan , Fan Li 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA water‐soluble fluorescent probe BPN, by introducing a piperazine as the pH‐sensitive fluorescence signaling motif to the hydrophilic propionic acid‐substituted 1,8‐naphthalimide fluorophore, is highly sensitive to pH changes within cytoplasm matrix in living cells, as well as pH‐related diseases models. Owing to the protonation‐induced inhibition of the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) from piperazine to naphthalimide fluorophore, BPN displayed a significant fluorescence enhancement (more than 131‐fold) upon the pH decreasing from 11.0 to 3.0. The linear range was between pH 6.4 to 8.0 with a pKa value of 6.69 near the physiological pH, which was suitable for cytosolic pH research. Furthermore, BPN exhibited a large Stokes shift (142 nm), good water solubility, excellent photostability, high selectivity and low cytotoxicity. All these advantages were particularly beneficial for intracellular pH imaging. Using BPN, we demonstrated the real‐time monitoring of cytosolic pH changes in living cells. Most importantly, BPN has not only been successfully applied for distinguishing inflammation in mice, but also the surgical specimens of cancer tissue, making it of great potential application in cancer diagnosis.
miRNA‐384‐3p alleviates sevoflurane‐induced nerve injury by inhibiting Aak1 kinase in neonatal rats
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Gao Xuan , Pei Hao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveSevoflurane is a common anesthetic and is widely used in pediatric clinical surgery to induce and maintain anesthesia through inhalation. Increasing studies have revealed that sevoflurane has neurotoxic effects on neurons, apoptosis, and memory impairment. miR‐384 is involved in the process of neurological diseases. However, the role of miRNA‐384‐3p in sevoflurane‐induced nerve injury is not clear. This study focused on exploring the roles and mechanisms of miRNA‐384‐3p in sevoflurane‐induced nerve injury.MethodsSeven‐day‐old rats were exposed to 2.3% sevoflurane to induce nerve injury. The morphological changes in neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region were detected by HE staining and Nissl staining. Neuronal apoptosis was detected by TUNEL and Western blot assays. Spatial memory and learning ability were detected by the Morris water maze assay. The target gene of miRNA‐384‐3p was verified through a luciferase reporter assay. A rescue experiment was used to confirm the miRNA‐384‐3p pathway in sevoflurane‐induced nerve injury.ResultsSevoflurane reduced miRNA‐384‐3p expression in the rat hippocampus. miRNA‐384‐3p alleviated sevoflurane‐induced morphological changes in hippocampal neurons and apoptosis of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region. Meanwhile, miRNA‐384‐3p attenuated the decline in spatial memory and learning ability induced by sevoflurane. miRNA‐384‐3p alleviated sevoflurane‐induced nerve injury by inhibiting the expression of adaptor‐associated kinase 1 (Aak1).ConclusionOur findings revealed the role and mechanism of miRNA‐384‐3p in sevoflurane‐induced nerve injury, suggesting that miRNA‐384‐3p could be a novel and promising strategy for reducing sevoflurane‐induced neurotoxicity.
Automatic image caption generation using deep learning and multimodal attention
Authors: Dai Jin , Zhang Xinyu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe present an improved image caption generation model that incorporating multimodal attention mechanism. We use ResNet‐101 to extract image features while incorporating channel attention mechanism and spatial attention mechanism. We use Faster R‐CNN for object detection and use a multi‐head attention structure consisting of spatial attention and self‐attention. This allows our algorithm to improve the model's capability to learn and use the internal grammatical features of natural sentences. Moreover, we use GPU parallel computing to accelerate the entire model training. We apply our model and algorithm to early education scenarios: show and tell for kids. We compare our algorithm with the state‐of‐the‐art deep learning algorithms. Our experimental results show that our model improves the captioning accuracy in terms of standard automatic evaluation metrics.
Sudden death due to fulminant lymphocytic myocarditis with atypical prodromal symptoms
Authors: Sacco Matteo Antonio , Abenavoli Ludovico , Cordasco Fabrizio , Galassi Francesco Maria , Varotto Elena , Ricci Pietrantonio , Aquila Isabella 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDiagnosis of myocarditis is complex because it is not always preceded by clear symptoms. We report the case of a woman who died suddenly. Autopsy and histopathological investigations revealed a lymphocytic myocarditis. Clinical history showed the patient went to the hospital some days before for joint pain and low‐grade fever.
Understanding how aging experiences shape late career development
Authors: Fasbender Ulrike , Vignoli Michela , Topa Gabriela 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMature workers’ aging experiences are central in transforming the self and as such can shape career‐related outcomes, such as late career work engagement and motivation to continue working. We therefore investigate the relations between aging experiences (i.e., personal growth, gaining self‐knowledge, social loss, and physical loss) and career‐related outcomes. Moreover, we explore psychological capital as an adaptive set of resources that can explain how aging experiences are linked to mature workers’ motivation to continue working and late career work engagement. We test our hypotheses using structural equation modeling based on two‐wave data from a sample of 346 Spanish mature workers. Results showed that psychological capital mediated the positive effects of personal growth and gaining self‐knowledge as well as the negative effect of social loss on career‐related outcomes. By highlighting the links between mature workers’ experiences, resources, and career‐related outcomes, we contribute to a more profound understanding of late career development.
KxCy phase induced expanded interlayer in ultra‐thin carbon toward full potassium‐ion capacitors
Authors: Deng Xinglan , Tian Ye , Zou Kangyu , Chen Jun , Xiao Xuhuan , Tao Shusheng , Song Zirui , Deng Wentao , Hou Hongshuai , Zou Guoqiang , Ji Xiaobo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCarbonaceous materials have been regarded as highly promising anode candidates for potassium storage with their cost‐effectiveness and environmental benignity. However, low specific capacity and difficulty in large‐scale synthesis largely hinder their further development. Herein, a thermal‐induced potassium–carbon alloy phase (KxCy) with the expanded interlayer spacing strategy is first put forward. Through in situ high‐temperature X‐ray diffraction, a K2C2 phase is evoked by thermal energy during the in‐situ carbonization process of carbon quantum dots intermediate derived from potassium‐containing precursors, whereas no lithium or sodium–carbon alloy phase is observed from lithium/sodium‐containing precursors. The as‐obtained ultra‐thin carbon nanosheets achieve adjustable layer spacing, preparation in bulk, delivering reversible potassium storage of 403.4 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 and 161.2 mAh g−1 even at 5.0 A g−1, which is one of the most impressive K‐storage performances reported so far with great potential application. Furthermore, the assembled potassium‐ion hybrid capacitor by combining the impressive CFMs‐900 anode with the three‐dimensional framework‐activated carbon delivers a high energy‐power density of 251.7 Wh kg−1 at 250 W kg−1 with long‐term stability. This study opens a scalable avenue to realize the expanded interlayer spacing, which can be extended to other multicarboxyl potassium salts and can provide approach for the design of high‐performance carbon anode materials for potassium storage.
Banana‐shaped electron acceptors with an electron‐rich core fragment and 3D packing capability
Authors: Li Pengqi , Meng Xianyi , Jin Ke , Xu Zhiwei , Zhang Jianqi , Zhang Lixiu , Niu Chuang , Tan Furui , Yi Chenyi , Xiao Zuo , Feng Yaqing , Wang Guan‐Wu , Ding Liming 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe emergence of Y6‐type nonfullerene acceptors has greatly enhanced the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, which structural feature is responsible for the excellent photovoltaic performance is still under debate. In this study, two Y6‐like acceptors BDOTP‐1 and BDOTP‐2 were designed. Different from previous Y6‐type acceptors featuring an A–D–Aʹ–D–A structure, BDOTP‐1, and BDOTP‐2 have no electron‐deficient Aʹ fragment in the core unit. Instead, there is an electron‐rich dibenzodioxine fragment in the core. Although this modification leads to a marked change in the molecular dipole moment, electrostatic potential, frontier orbitals, and energy levels, BDOTP acceptors retain similar three‐dimensional packing capability as Y6‐type acceptors due to the similar banana‐shaped molecular configuration. BDOTP acceptors show good performance in OSCs. High PCEs of up to 18.51% (certified 17.9%) are achieved. This study suggests that the banana‐shaped configuration instead of the A–D–Aʹ–D–A structure is likely to be the determining factor in realizing high photovoltaic performance.
Calibrating Catalytic DNA Nanostructures for Site‐Selective Protein Modification**
Authors: Keijzer Jordi F. , Zuilhof Han , Albada Bauke 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMany biomedical fields rely on proteins that are selectively modified. These can be attached using reactive or catalytic moieties, but the position where these moieties are attached is often poorly controlled. We assessed how catalyst position affects the efficiency and selectivity of protein modification. For this, we anchored a template DNA strand to three different proteins, which were subsequently hybridized to DNA strands that contained catalysts at different positions. We found a strong correlation between the catalyst‐to‐protein distance and the efficiency of protein modification for acyl transfer catalysts, which operate via a covalently bound reactant intermediate. Additionally, we found that the catalyst's distance and orientation with respect to the protein surface, also influences its site‐selectivity. A catalyst operating with unbound reactant intermediates showed only enhanced efficiency. Our results are rationalized using computational simulations, showing that one‐point anchoring of the DNA construct leads to notable differences in the site of modification.
Isolation of Elusive Phosphinidene‐Chlorotetrylenes: The Heavier Cyanogen Chloride Analogues
Authors: Nag Ekta , Francis Maria , Battuluri Sridhar , Sinu Bhavya Bini , Roy Sudipta 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe elusive phosphinidene‐chlorotetrylenes, [PGeCl] and [PSiCl] have been stabilized by the hetero‐bileptic cyclic alkyl(amino) carbene (cAAC), N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, and isolated in the solid state at room temperature as the first neutral monomeric species of this class with the general formulae (L)P‐ECl(L′) (E=Ge, 3 a–3 c; E=Si, 6; L=cAAC; L′=NHC). Compounds 3 a–3 c have been synthesized by the reaction of cAAC‐supported potassium phosphinidenides [cAAC=PK(THF)x]n (1 a–1 c) with the adduct NHC:→GeCl2 (2). Similarly, compound 6 has been synthesized via reaction of 1 a with NHC:→SiCl2 adduct (4). Compounds 3 a–3 c, and 6 have been structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometric analysis. DFT calculations revealed that the heteroatom P in 3 bears two lone pairs; the non‐bonding pair with 67.8 % of s‐ and 32 % of p character, whereas the other lone pair is involved in π backdonation to the CcAAC‐N π* of cAAC. The Ge atom in 3 contains a lone pair with 80 % of s character, and slightly involved in the π backdonation to CNHC. EDA‐NOCV analyses showed that two charged doublet fragments {(cAAC)(NHC)}+, and {PGeCl}− prefer to form one covalent electron‐sharing σ bond, one dative σ bond, one dative π bond, and a charge polarized weak π bond. The covalent electron‐sharing σ bond contributes to the major stabilization energy to the total orbital interaction energy of 3, enabling the first successful isolations of this class of compounds (3, 6) in the laboratory.
On the Evolutionary History of the Twenty Encoded Amino Acids
Authors: Kirschning Andreas 
Published: June 2022

Abstractα‐Amino acids are essential molecular constituents of life, twenty of which are privileged because they are encoded by the ribosomal machinery. The question remains open as to why this number and why this 20 in particular, an almost philosophical question that cannot be conclusively resolved. They are closely related to the evolution of the genetic code and whether nucleic acids, amino acids, and peptides appeared simultaneously and were available under prebiotic conditions when the first self‐sufficient complex molecular system emerged on Earth. This report focuses on prebiotic and metabolic aspects of amino acids and proteins starting with meteorites, followed by their formation, including peptides, under plausible prebiotic conditions, and the major biosynthetic pathways in the various kingdoms of life. Coenzymes play a key role in the present analysis in that amino acid metabolism is linked to glycolysis and different variants of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA, rTCA, and the incomplete horseshoe version) as well as the biosynthesis of the most important coenzymes. Thus, the report opens additional perspectives and facets on the molecular evolution of primary metabolism.
From CsKTaF7 to CsNaTaF7: Alkali Metal Cations Regulation to Generate SHG Activity**
Authors: Tang Ru‐Ling , Lian Xin , Li Xiao‐Hui , Huai Lei , Liu Wenlong , Guo Sheng‐Ping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInorganic metal halides play important roles in wide range of areas including fluorescence, X‐ray detection, and nonlinear‐optics. Herein, two new mixed alkali metal tantalum fluorides, CsKTaF7 and CsNaTaF7, have been obtained based on the strategy of cations regulation in A2MF7 (A represents monovalent cations and M is d0 transition‐metal cation) system by a conventional hydrothermal route. CsKTaF7 crystallizes in the centric Pnma space group, while CsNaTaF7 crystallizes in the polar Cmc21 space group and exhibits moderate and phase‐matchable NLO activity. Both halides possess large optical band gaps above 5.0 eV. The crystal structure evolution, optical properties, and detailed theory calculations of these two halides were elucidated in this work.
Regulating Extra‐Framework Cations in Faujasite Zeolites for Capture of Trace Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Liu Shanshan , Chen Yinlin , Yue Bin , Wang Chang , Qin Bin , Chai Yuchao , Wu Guangjun , Li Jiangnan , Han Xue , da‐Silva Ivan , Manuel Pascal , Day Sarah J. , Thompson Stephen P. , Guan Naijia , Yang Sihai , Li Landong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe development of cost‐effective sorbents for direct capture of trace CO2 (<1 %) from the atmosphere is an important and challenging task. Natural or commercial zeolites are promising sorbents, but their performance in adsorption of trace CO2 has been poorly explored to date. A systematic study on capture of trace CO2 by commercial faujasite zeolites reveals that the extra‐framework cations play a key role on their performance. Under dry conditions, Ba−X displays high dynamic uptake of 1.79 and 0.69 mmol g−1 at CO2 concentrations of 10000 and 1000 ppm, respectively, and shows excellent recyclability in the temperature‐swing adsorption processes. K−X exhibits perfect moisture resistance, and >95 % dry CO2 uptake can be preserved under relative humidity of 74 %. In situ solid‐state NMR spectroscopy, synchrotron X‐ray diffraction and neutron diffraction reveal two binding sites for CO2 in these zeolites, namely the basic framework oxygen atoms and the divalent alkaline earth metal ions. This study unlocks the potential of low‐cost natural zeolites for applications in direct air capture.
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN): A promising future in the era of targeted therapeutics
Authors: Adimora Ijele J. , Wilson Nathaniel R. , Pemmaraju Naveen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBlastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare hematologic malignancy arising from precursor dendritic cells. BPDCN cells characteristically express several markers on their cell surfaces including CD123, CD4, and CD56. Because of its rarity and challenging clinical presentation, there was no standard of care in managing BPDCN for decades and its prognosis overall was poor. However, as understanding of this rare neoplasm has increased, so have treatment options. The conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens once used in the treatment of BPDCN were modest in their impact on disease relapse until paired with hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Although recent data suggest that there still remains a role for chemotherapeutic agents, targeted modalities have expanded the overall BPDCN treatment landscape. The CD123‐targeted agent, tagraxofusp, was the first Food and Drug Administration–approved monotherapy in the treatment of BPDCN. Since its inception, several CD123‐targeted and other cell‐surface agents have been investigated, with many agents still in the preclinical stages. Although relapsed/refractory disease and central nervous system disease both remain formidable areas of research, there are several promising therapeutic approaches that could have a significant impact on the trajectory of treatment. This review will provide detailed insight on the novel drugs currently in use and those being explored in the management of BPDCN.
Benzenetriimide‐Based Molecular Conductor with Antiferro‐ to Ferromagnetic Switching Induced by Structural Change of π‐stacked Array
Authors: Koyama Shohei , Horii Yoji , Sato Tetsu , Takaishi Shinya , Hoshino Norihisa , Akutagawa Tomoyuki , Iguchi Hiroaki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBenzenetriimide (BTI) is a promising building block for materials chemistry due to its characteristic 3‐fold symmetry and redox properties, whereas little is known about its conductive and magnetic properties. In this study, we synthesized three charge‐transfer complexes based on N,N’,N’’‐trimethylbenzenetriimide (BTI‐Me). One of the complexes contains isolated dimers of BTI‐Me radical anion (BTI‐Me⋅−), while the other two have the infinite π‐stacked array of BTI‐Me with the formal charge of −0.5. The latter two complexes did not show metallic behavior but showed semiconducting behavior probably due to the characteristic insulation in one‐dimensional electron system, so‐called charge ordering and dimer‐Mott insulation. The magnetic susceptibility of the complex in dimer‐Mott state exhibits an unusual transition from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic spin states with the hysteresis loop of 15 K derived from the structural phase transition around 130 K. These properties were also supported by DFT calculations.
Simple Halogen‐Free, Biobased Organic Salts Convert Glycidol to Glycerol Carbonate under Atmospheric CO2 Pressure
Authors: Poolwong Jitpisut , Aomchad Vatcharaporn , Del Gobbo Silvano , Kleij Arjan W. , D'Elia Valerio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGlycerol carbonate (GC) has emerged as an attractive synthetic target due to various promising technological applications. Among several viable strategies to produce GC from CO2 and glycerol and its derivatives, the cycloaddition of CO2 to glycidol represents an atom‐economic an efficient strategy that can proceed via a halide‐free manifold through a proton‐shuttling mechanism. Here, it was shown that the synthesis of GC can be promoted by bio‐based and readily available organic salts leading to quantitative GC formation under atmospheric CO2 pressure and moderate temperatures. Comparative and mechanistic experiments using sodium citrate as the most efficient catalyst highlighted the role of both hydrogen bond donor and weakly basic sites in the organic salt towards GC formation. The citrate salt was also used as a catalyst for the conversion of other epoxy alcohols. Importantly, the discovery that homogeneous organic salts catalyze the target reaction inspired us to use metal alginates as heterogeneous and recoverable bio‐based catalysts for the same process.
A proposed theoretical framework for retinal biomarkers
Authors: MacCormick Ian James Callum , Zhang Bo , Hill Daniel , Cordeiro Maria Francesca , Small Dylan S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivePropose a theoretical framework for retinal biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD).BackgroundThe retina and brain share important biological features that are relevant to AD. Developing retinal biomarkers of AD is a strategic priority but as yet none have been validated for clinical use. Part of the reason may be that fundamental inferential assumptions have been overlooked. Failing to recognize these assumptions will disadvantage biomarker discovery and validation, but incorporating them into analyses could facilitate translation.New theoryThe biological assumption that a disease causes analogous effects in the brain and retina can be expressed within a Bayesian network. This allows inferences about abstract theory and individual events, and provides an opportunity to falsify the foundational hypothesis of retina–brain analogy. Graphical representation of the relationships between variables simplifies comparison between studies and facilitates judgements about whether key assumptions are valid given the current state of knowledge.Major challengesThe framework provides a visual approach to retinal biomarkers and may help to rationalize analysis of future studies. It suggests possible reasons for inconsistent results in existing literature on AD biomarkers.Linkage to other theoriesThe framework can be modified to describe alternative theories of retinal biomarker biology, such as retrograde degeneration resulting from brain disease, and can incorporate confounding factors such as co‐existent glaucoma or macular degeneration. Parallels with analogue confirmation theory and surrogate marker validation suggest strengths and weaknesses of the framework that can be anticipated when developing analysis plans.HighlightsRetinal biomarkers hold great promise for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but none are currently used clinically.Assumptions about the cause of retinal and brain changes are often overlooked, and this may disadvantage biomarker discovery and validation.We present a new approach to retinal biomarkers that describes cause and effect graphically in a Bayesian network.We show how this allows a more complete assessment of how well a biomarker might reflect the brain, and how data from right and left eyes can be used to rule out poor biomarker candidates.
A case of obstructive jaundice caused by metastasis of breast cancer to the intra/extrahepatic bile duct
Authors: Suzuki Yuka , Hoshi Koki , Tominaga Keiichi , Inaba Yasunori , Yoshinaga Tomonori , Kojimahara Shunsuke , Maki Ryuichi , Nemoto Rena , Tetsuka Yugo , Kawata Yosuke , Yamamiya Akira , Sugaya Takeshi , Iso Yukihiro , Takada‐Owada Atsuko , Ishida Kazuyuki , Goda Kenichi , Irisawa Atsushi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA 38‐year‐old woman was admitted to our hospital for a detailed examination of jaundice. Three years before, she had undergone a right total mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection of her right breast because of cancer. Histopathological evaluation revealed invasive ductal carcinoma. Postoperatively, because multiple bone metastases were found, she underwent chemoradiotherapy. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was performed, which revealed widespread multiple stenoses with a smooth surface from the intrahepatic to the extrahepatic bile duct. A transpapillary biliary biopsy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed adenocarcinoma extending into the subepithelium of the bile duct. The obtained cancer cells were similar to those of the earlier invasive breast cancer. This rare case demonstrates bile duct metastasis of breast cancer with specific endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography findings.