bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypertension Promotes the Proliferation and Migration of ccRCC Cells by Downregulation of TIMP3 in Tumor Endothelial Cells through the miR-21–5p/TGFBR2/P38/EGR1 Axis
Authors: Wang Chenguang , Xu Haibo , Liao Xinhui , Wang Weiming , Wu Wanjun , Li Wujiao , Niu Liman , Li Zhichao , Li Aolin , Sun Yangyang , Huang Weiren , Song Fei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Recent studies have demonstrated that hypertension correlates with tumorigenesis and prognosis of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC); however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. By analyzing bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing data and experimental examining of surgical excised ccRCC samples, we found that tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP3), a pivotal paracrine factor in suppressing tumor progression, was significantly reduced in the tumor endothelial cells of patients with hypertensive ccRCC. Besides, in tumor xenograft of NCG mouse model, compared with saline normotensive group the expression of TIMP3 was significantly decreased in the angiotensin II–induced hypertension group. Treating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) with the plasma of patients with hypertensive ccRCC and miR-21–5p, elevated in the plasma of patients with hypertensive ccRCC, reduced the expression of TIMP3 compared with normotensive and control littermates. We also found that the inhibition of TIMP3 expression by miR-21–5p was not through directly targeting at 3′UTR of TIMP3 but through suppressing the expression of TGFβ receptor 2 (TGFBR2). In addition, the knockout of TGFBR2 reduced TIMP3 expression in HUVECs through P38/EGR1 (early growth response protein 1) signaling axis. Moreover, via coculture of ccRCC cell lines with HUVECs and mouse tumor xenograft model, we discovered that the TIMP3 could suppress the proliferation and migration of ccRCC.

Implications:
Overall, our findings shed new light on the role of hypertension in promoting the progression of ccRCC and provide a potential therapeutic target for patients with ccRCC with hypertension.
Transcriptomes of Prostate Cancer with TMPRSS2:ERG and Other ETS Fusions
Authors: Stopsack Konrad H. , Su Xiaofeng A. , Vaselkiv J. Bailey , Graff Rebecca E. , Ebot Ericka M. , Pettersson Andreas , Lis Rosina T. , Fiorentino Michelangelo , Loda Massimo , Penney Kathryn L. , Lotan Tamara L. , Mucci Lorelei A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

The most common somatic event in primary prostate cancer is a fusion between the androgen-related TMPRSS2 gene and the ERG oncogene. Tumors with these fusions, which occur early in carcinogenesis, have a distinctive etiology. A smaller subset of other tumors harbor fusions between TMPRSS2 and members of the ETS transcription factor family other than ERG. To assess the genomic similarity of tumors with non-ERG ETS fusions and those with fusions involving ERG, this study derived a transcriptomic signature of non-ERG ETS fusions and assessed this signature and ERG-related gene expression in 1,050 men with primary prostate cancer from three independent population-based and hospital-based studies. Although non-ERG ETS fusions involving ETV1, ETV4, ETV5, or FLI1 were individually rare, they jointly accounted for one in seven prostate tumors. Genes differentially regulated between non-ERG ETS tumors and tumors without ETS fusions showed similar differential expression when ERG tumors and tumors without ETS fusions were compared (differences explained: R2 = 69–77%), including ETS-related androgen receptor (AR) target genes. Differences appeared to result from similarities among ETS tumors rather than similarities among non-ETS tumors. Gene sets associated with ERG fusions were consistent with gene sets associated with non-ERG ETS fusions, including fatty acid and amino acid metabolism, an observation that was robust across cohorts.

Implications:
Considering ETS fusions jointly may be useful for etiologic studies on prostate cancer, given that the transcriptome is profoundly impacted by ERG and non-ERG ETS fusions in a largely similar fashion, most notably genes regulating metabolic pathways.
Immune Phenotypes and Target Antigens of Clonally Expanded Bone Marrow T Cells in Treatment-Naïve Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Welters Carlotta , Lammoglia Cobo María Fernanda , Stein Christian Alexander , Hsu Meng-Tung , Ben Hamza Amin , Penter Livius , Chen Xiaojing , Buccitelli Christopher , Popp Oliver , Mertins Philipp , Dietze Kerstin , Bullinger Lars , Moosmann Andreas , Blanc Eric , Beule Dieter , Gerbitz Armin , Strobel Julian , Hackstein Holger , Rahn Hans-Peter , Dornmair Klaus , Blankenstein Thomas , Hansmann Leo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Multiple myeloma is a hematologic malignancy of monoclonal plasma cells that accumulate in the bone marrow. Despite their clinical and pathophysiologic relevance, the roles of bone marrow–infiltrating T cells in treatment-naïve patients are incompletely understood. We investigated whether clonally expanded T cells (i) were detectable in multiple myeloma bone marrow, (ii) showed characteristic immune phenotypes, and (iii) whether dominant clones recognized antigens selectively presented on multiple myeloma cells. Single-cell index sorting and T-cell receptor (TCR) αβ sequencing of bone marrow T cells from 13 treatment-naïve patients showed dominant clonal expansion within CD8+ cytolytic effector compartments, and only a minority of expanded T-cell clones expressed the classic immune-checkpoint molecules PD-1, CTLA-4, or TIM-3. To identify their molecular targets, TCRs of 68 dominant bone marrow clones from five selected patients were reexpressed and incubated with multiple myeloma and non–multiple myeloma cells from corresponding patients. Only 1 of 68 TCRs recognized antigen presented on multiple myeloma cells. This TCR was HLA-C–restricted, self-peptide–specific and could be activated by multiple myeloma cells of multiple patients. The remaining dominant T-cell clones did not recognize multiple myeloma cells and were, in part, specific for antigens associated with chronic viral infections. In conclusion, we showed that dominant bone marrow T-cell clones in treatment-naïve patients rarely recognize antigens presented on multiple myeloma cells and exhibit low expression of classic immune-checkpoint molecules. Our data provide experimental context for experiences from clinical immune-checkpoint inhibition trials and will inform future T cell–dependent therapeutic strategies.
Balloon Interrogation of Intervening Tissue: A Novel Method to Decide Strategy for Closing Multiple Atrial Septal Defects
Authors: Dalvi Bharat , Bhalgat Parag 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Two separate ostium secundum atrial septal defects are a challenging substrate for device closure due to lack of a well-described strategy or an adequately evaluated protocol.

Methods:
This is a prospective study comprising 20 patients with 2 atrial septal defects who underwent device closure. All of them underwent balloon interrogation (BI) of the intervening tissue to decide 1- versus 2-device strategy. During BI, if the flow through both the defects could be stopped completely implying adequate mobility of the separating tissue, a single device strategy was used. The size of the device in this subset was determined by BI diameter. In case the flow persisted, 2 devices were used to close the defects separately.

Results:
The mean age was 24±17 years. The main defect size was (mean 14.5 mm±SD 2.69 mm), whereas the second defect measured (mean 8.5±SD 3.02 mm). The tissue separating the 2 defects was measured (mean 6.1±SD 2.6 mm). In 15 of them, based on the BI results, a single device was used successfully to close both the defects without a residual shunt. In the remaining 5 patients, 2 devices were used. There were no complications during the procedure or at follow-up period of 41.9±16.9 months.

Conclusions:
BI in patients with 2 atrial septal defects is helpful in defining 1- versus 2-device strategies and in choosing the size of the device to be used. Nearly 3/4 of the patients may get away with a single device for closing both the defects successfully thereby decreasing the cost and complexity of the procedure.
Transformers and the Representation of Biomedical Background Knowledge
Authors: Wysocki Oskar , Zhou Zili , O’Regan Paul , Ferreira Deborah , Wysocka Magdalena , Landers Dónal , Freitas André 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Specialized transformers-based models (such as BioBERT and BioMegatron) are adapted for the biomedical domain based on publicly available biomedical corpora. As such, they have the potential to encode large-scale biological knowledge. We investigate the encoding and representation of biological knowledge in these models, and its potential utility to support inference in cancer precision medicine—namely, the interpretation of the clinical significance of genomic alterations. We compare the performance of different transformer baselines; we use probing to determine the consistency of encodings for distinct entities; and we use clustering methods to compare and contrast the internal properties of the embeddings for genes, variants, drugs, and diseases. We show that these models do indeed encode biological knowledge, although some of this is lost in fine-tuning for specific tasks. Finally, we analyze how the models behave with regard to biases and imbalances in the dataset.
Horse Riders’ Perceptions of Communication with Horses and How it Translates to Communication with Family
Authors: Scholtz A. M. , Koen V. , Oosthuizen C. M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore and describe adult horse riders’ perceptions regarding their communication with horses and how it translates to their communication with family. A qualitative explorative, descriptive research design was implemented. The sample group, which was recruited through either a purposive or snowball sampling technique, included nine participants between the ages of 19 and 53. Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews and analyzed with the use of thematic analysis. The findings reveal similarities between the communication that takes place between the participants and horses, and between the participants and their family members. These similarities make it possible for the communication in one context (with horses) to be translated to the other context (with family members), and the findings suggest that such a translation is possible and is supported by the systems theory.
People in Suitcases
Authors: Kowalczyk Kacper 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Ex-ante deontology is an attempt to combine deontological constraints on doing or intending harm with the idea that one should act in everyone’s interest if possible. I argue that ex-ante deontology has serious problems in cases where multiple decisions are to be made over time. I then argue that these problems force us to choose between commonsense deontological morality and a more consequentialist morality. I suggest that we should choose the latter.
Mechanical and tribological properties of electrical corrosion resistance-glass reinforced polyimide composites for high voltage applications
Authors: Ogbonna Victor E , Popoola Abimbola Patricia I , Popoola Olawale M 
Published: September 2022

In recent times, glass fiber reinforcements are extensively used in the development of polymer matrix composites to improve their performance especially when used for engineering applications. As such, the focus of the present study remains on the effects of electrical corrosion resistance (ECR) glass particles on the mechanical and tribological properties of polyimide (PI) composites fabricated by the spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. SPS is a novel powder metallurgy method in producing homogeneous composite materials in short sintering time with finer microstructure. However, the PI composites were produced at different contents of ECR-glass reinforcement particles (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt %). The microstructural characterization of the samples was conducted using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Nanoindentation tests and pin-on-disc wear tests (under dry condition) were conducted to evaluate the mechanical and tribological properties of the composites. The SEM results revealed that the reinforcement’s particles were well distributed in the PI matrix phase. Incorporation of ECR-glass particles into the PI composites improved its hardness and elastic modulus. The ECR-glass/PI matrix composite loaded with 15 wt% ECR displayed a significant reduction in coefficient of friction from 0.091 to 0.015 and wear rate from 0.81 × 10−4 to 0.14 × 10−4 mm3/Nm. In addition, the ECR/PI composites exhibited improved dielectric properties over the pure PI. Hence, corroborating the potential of this ECR-glass reinforced PI for industrial (automobile and power) applications requiring high hardness, elastic modulus, good wear resistance, and low dielectric constant.
Virtually Assisted Personalized Tracheostomy Tube Design in Pediatric Complex Airway Anomalies
Authors: Evans Sean S. , Richardson Clare , Friedman Seth D. , Bly Randall A. , Johnson Kaalan E. , Dahl John P. , Parikh Sanjay R. , Bonilla‐Velez Juliana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe sought to assess the feasibility of virtually assisted personalized tracheostomy tube (vapTT) implementation for patients with congenital airway anomalies (CAAs) and persistent tracheostomy tube (TT)–related respiratory failure at a tertiary pediatric hospital. Three patients (0‐18 years) with CAAs and recurrent TT‐related respiratory complications were managed with vapTT over 5 years. Patients underwent airway computed tomography acquisition with 3‐dimensional reconstruction and TT virtual modeling for shape customization. Models were transferred to Bivona for fabrication based on industry‐standard materials and processes. Clinical information and tracheoscopies assessing position, obstruction, and granulation were reviewed. Patients demonstrated resolution of visualized TT‐related obstruction, granulation, or ulceration and de‐escalation of respiratory support. Clinical events requiring urgent tracheoscopy decreased in all 3 patients. Sufficient relief of critical airway obstruction allowed progression of medical care and/or discharge. VapTTs are feasible for patients with CAA. This new frontier in personalized devices may serve uniquely challenging patient populations for whom standard treatments have failed.
“Black Women Don’t Always Put Our Healthcare First”: Facilitators and Barriers to Cervical Cancer Screening and Perceptions of Human Papillomavirus Self-Testing Among Church-Affiliated African American Women
Authors: Christensen Kelsey , Bauer Alexandria G. , Burgin Tacia , Williams Joah , McDowd Joan , Sutkin Gary , Bennett Kymberly , Bowe Thompson Carole , Berkley-Patton Jannette Y. 
Published: September 2022

Background: African American women are at greater risk for cervical cancer incidence and mortality than White women. Up to 90% of cervical cancers are caused by human papillomavirus (HPVs) infections. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) co-developed HPV self-test kits to increase access to screening, which may be critical for underserved populations. Purpose/Research Design: This mixed methods study used the Theory of Planned Behavior to examine attitudes, barriers, facilitators, and intentions related to receipt of cervical cancer screening and perceptions of HPV self-testing among church-affiliated African American women. Study Sample/Data Collection: Participants ( N = 35) aged 25–53 participated in focus groups and completed a survey. Results: Seventy-four percent of participants reported receipt of cervical cancer screening in the past 3 years. Healthcare providers and the church were supportive referents of screening. Past trauma and prioritizing children’s healthcare needs were screening barriers. Concerns about HPV self-testing included proper test administration and result accuracy. Conclusions: Strategies to mitigate these concerns (e.g., delivering HPV self-test kits to the health department) are discussed.
Are Pathologists Self-Aware of Their Diagnostic Accuracy? Metacognition and the Diagnostic Process in Pathology
Authors: Clayton Dayna A. , Eguchi Megan M. , Kerr Kathleen F. , Miyoshi Kiyofumi , Brunyé Tad T. , Drew Trafton , Weaver Donald L. , Elmore Joann G. 
Published: September 2022

Background Metacognition is a cognitive process that involves self-awareness of thinking, understanding, and performance. This study assesses pathologists’ metacognition by examining the association between their diagnostic accuracy and self-reported confidence levels while interpreting skin and breast biopsies. Design We studied 187 pathologists from the Melanoma Pathology Study (M-Path) and 115 pathologists from the Breast Pathology Study (B-Path). We measured pathologists’ metacognitive ability by examining the area under the curve (AUC), the area under each pathologist’s receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve summarizing the association between confidence and diagnostic accuracy. We investigated possible relationships between this AUC measure, referred to as metacognitive sensitivity, and pathologist attributes. We also assessed whether higher metacognitive sensitivity affected the association between diagnostic accuracy and a secondary diagnostic action such as requesting a second opinion. Results We found no significant associations between pathologist clinical attributes and metacognitive AUC. However, we found that pathologists with higher AUC showed a stronger trend to request secondary diagnostic action for inaccurate diagnoses and not for accurate diagnoses compared with pathologists with lower AUC. Limitations Pathologists reported confidence in specific diagnostic terms, rather than the broader classes into which the diagnostic terms were later grouped to determine accuracy. In addition, while there is no gold standard for the correct diagnosis to determine the accuracy of pathologists’ interpretations, our studies achieved a high-quality reference diagnosis by using the consensus diagnosis of 3 experienced pathologists. Conclusions Metacognition can affect clinical decisions. If pathologists have self-awareness that their diagnosis may be inaccurate, they can request additional tests or second opinions, providing the opportunity to correct inaccurate diagnoses. Highlights Metacognitive sensitivity varied across pathologists, with most showing higher sensitivity than expected by chance. None of the demographic or clinical characteristics we examined was significantly associated with metacognitive sensitivity. Pathologists with higher metacognitive sensitivity were more likely to request additional tests or second opinions for their inaccurate diagnoses.
Prevalence and Correlates of Military Sexual Trauma in Service Members and Veterans: Results From the 2018 Canadian Armed Forces Members and Veterans Mental Health Follow-up Survey
Authors: Mota Natalie , Sommer Jordana L. , Bolton Shay-Lee , Enns Murray W. , El-Gabalawy Renée , Sareen Jitender , MacLean Mary Beth , Hall Amy L. , Sudom Kerry , Silins Stacey , Garber Bryan , Afifi Tracie O. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction Military sexual trauma (MST) is an ongoing problem. We used a 2002 population-based sample, followed up in 2018, to examine: (1) the prevalence of MST and non-MST in male and female currently serving members and veterans of the Canadian Armed Forces, and (2) demographic and military correlates of MST and non-MST. Methods Data came from the 2018 Canadian Armed Forces Members and Veterans Mental Health Follow-up Survey (n = 2,941, ages 33 years + ). Individuals endorsing sexual trauma were stratified into MST and non-MST and compared to individuals with no sexual trauma. The prevalence of lifetime MST was computed, and correlates of sexual trauma were examined using multinomial regression analyses. Results The overall prevalence of MST was 44.6% in females and 4.8% in males. Estimates were comparable between currently serving members and veterans. In adjusted models in both sexes, MST was more likely among younger individuals (i.e., 33–49 years), and MST and non-MST were more likely in those reporting more non-sexual traumatic events. Among females, MST and non-MST were more likely in those reporting lower household income, non-MST was less likely among Officers, and MST was more likely among those with a deployment history and serving in an air environment. Unwanted sexual touching by a Canadian military member or employee was the most prevalent type and context of MST. Interpretation A high prevalence of MST was observed in a follow-up sample of Canadian Armed Forces members and veterans. Results may inform further research as well as MST prevention efforts.
Evaluation of low energy consumption control for seawater desalination on Penghu Island
Authors: Fang Shyang-Chyuan 
Published: September 2022

In fact, current water supplies due to natural constraints or lack of infrastructure (or both) cannot be provided in a sustainable manner for all increasing and competing uses (e.g. residential, industrial, agricultural). While promoting Penghu's low-carbon islands, in a water-scarce environment, it is the motivation of this research to take into account the development of water resources and lower energy consumption costs. The seawater desalination plant water production technology is improved, the cost of water production is reduced. This research uses a genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the recovery rate to solve the minimum Specific energy consumption (SEC) value, and then, according to the required water production, the optimal flow rate of raw seawater of the high-pressure pump is obtained, so as to minimize the energy consumption of the reverse osmosis (RO) system. The energy recovery device has a great effect on reducing the energy consumption of the RO system, and it can be seen from the results that the higher efficiency does greatly reduce the energy consumption of the SEC and water production under the different energy recovery device efficiency. Calculated using genetic algorithms, and the SEC is 3.275 and the recovery rate is 45.1%, and the water production energy consumption is 2.35 kWh/m3. Scheme B changed the efficiency of the energy recovery unit to 97.22%, resulting in a SEC of 1.819 and a recovery rate of 25.3%, and a water production energy consumption of 1.31 kWh/m3. Finally, challenges and research gaps are also proposed.
Political Economy of Women and Work
Authors: Bhuta Aishwarya 
Published: September 2022

Farah Naz and Dieter Bögenhold, Unheard Voices: Women, Work and Political Economy of Global Production. Palgrave Macmillan, 2020, xv+197 pp., €93.08. ISBN: 9783030543631 (eBook). Ishita Mehrotra, Political Economy of Caste, Class and Gender: A Study of Rural Dalit Labourers in India. Routledge, 2022, 224 pp., £33.29. ISBN: 9780429321894 (eBook).