bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cross-sectional survey exploring the knowledge, experiences and attitudes of Australian pharmacists toward medicinal cannabis
Authors: Bawa Zeeta , Saini Bandana , McCartney Danielle , Bedoya-Pérez Miguel , McLachlan Andrew J. , McGregor Iain S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Australian pharmacists currently dispense a wide range of prescription-only cannabis-based medicines. Recent regulatory changes will expand the role of pharmacists, allowing certain low-dose cannabidiol products to be supplied without a prescription in pharmacies. This harmonises Australia with many other countries where cannabidiol products are readily available to consumers.

Aim
To examine Australian pharmacists’ experience, knowledge and attitudes towards medicinal cannabis and their preparedness to supply over-the-counter low-dose cannabidiol products.

Method
We conducted a cross-sectional study using a 51-item on-line questionnaire that was informed by previous surveys of health professionals and assessed for face validity. Australian pharmacists were recruited to complete the survey between May and December 2021, primarily through professional pharmacy organisations. Pharmacists were included in the final dataset if they completed the demographic characteristics section and at least one additional section of the questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive and relational statistical tests.

Results
There were 272 attempts to complete this survey and 217 responses included in the final dataset. Over half of the respondents (60.0%, 130/217) had dispensed at least one medicinal cannabis prescription during their career and 58.5% (127/217) had received at least one medicinal cannabis enquiry in the last fortnight. Only around half (53.9%, 117/217) felt comfortable supplying medicinal cannabis products and fewer (39.3%, 79/201) were confident discussing cannabis-related enquiries. More than half of the respondents (58.7%, 118/201) supported the provision of low-dose cannabidiol products through pharmacies. Two-thirds (67.8%, 80/118) of respondents achieved relatively low scores (< 60%) in the knowledge component of the survey. Most respondents (94.2%, 178/189) endorsed a need for further training in this area.

Conclusion
Australian pharmacists tended to support medicinal cannabis availability and improved access to low-dose cannabidiol products via pharmacies. However, results highlight a need for improved training and education of pharmacists around cannabis-based medicines.
On the possibility of Paretian liberalism: a comment
Authors: Gaertner Wulf 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn 1981, the property of self-supporting preferences was shown to be a sufficient condition to circumvent Sen’s famous impossibility result on Paretian liberalism. A similar condition was proposed by Dougherty and Edward in a very recent issue of this journal. The present comment sheds light on the logical connection between these two findings.
Guidelines on lung adenocarcinoma prognosis based on immuno-glycolysis-related genes
Authors: Zhang Yuting , Qin Wen , Zhang Wenhui , Qin Yi , Zhou You Lang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
This study developed a new model for risk assessment of immuno-glycolysis-related genes for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients to predict prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy.

Methods
LUAD samples and data obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases are used as training and test columns, respectively. Twenty-two (22) immuno-glycolysis-related genes were screened, the patients diagnosed with LUAD were divided into two molecular subtypes by consensus clustering of these genes. The initial prognosis model was developed using the multiple regression analysis method and Receiver Operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to verify its predictive potential. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed the immune activities and pathways in different risk populations, we calculated immune checkpoints, immune escape, immune phenomena (IPS), and tumor mutation burden (TMB) based on TCGA datasets. Finally, the relationship between the model and drug sensitivity was analyzed.

Results
Fifteen (15) key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with prognostic value were screened and a new prognostic model was constructed. Four hundred and forty-three (443) samples were grouped into two different risk cohorts based on median model risk values. It was observed that survival rates in high-risk groups were significantly low. ROC curves were used to evaluate the model’s accuracy in determining the survival time and clinical outcome of LUAD patients. Cox analysis of various clinical factors proved that the risk score has great potential as an independent prognostic factor. The results of immunological analysis can reveal the immune infiltration and the activity of related functions in different pathways in the two risk groups, and immunotherapy was more effective in low-risk patients. Most chemotherapeutic agents are more sensitive to low-risk patients, making them more likely to benefit.

Conclusion
A novel prognostic model for LUAD patients was established based on IGRG, which could more accurately predict the prognosis and an effective immunotherapy approach for patients.
Het signaleren, handelen en melden bij vermoedens van kindermishandeling door huisartsen
Authors: Gubbels Jeanne , Stolper Erik , van der Put Claudia , Assink Mark 
Published: November 2022

SamenvattingHuisartsen spelen een sleutelrol bij het signaleren en melden van kindermishandeling. Toch doen huisartsen slechts incidenteel een melding bij Veilig Thuis. Dit kwalitatieve onderzoek beoogde te achterhalen hoe huisartsen kindermishandeling signaleren, hoe zij handelen bij mishandelingsvermoedens, welke knelpunten zij hierbij ervaren en wat aanknopingspunten zijn voor verbetering. Semigestructureerde interviews werden gehouden met vijftien huisartsen, waarna deze werden uitgeschreven, gecodeerd en thematisch geanalyseerd. Bij signalering van kindermishandeling blijken huisartsen op verschillende signalen te letten en is het niet-pluisgevoel belangrijk. Veel huisartsen denken signalen te missen en hebben behoefte aan bijscholing over wat belangrijke signalen zijn, hoe deze signalen goed met ouders kunnen worden besproken en hoe de stappen in de meldcode het beste kunnen worden toegepast. In huisartsenpraktijken blijken geen signalerings- of risicotaxatie-instrumenten te worden gebruikt, terwijl een deel van de huisartsen dit wel als helpend beschouwd in het besluitvormingsproces rondom kindermishandeling. Ten slotte ervaren huisartsen knelpunten in de samenwerking met instanties, waaronder scholen, jeugdzorg en Veilig Thuis (VT). Concrete aanbevelingen voor verbetering van signaleren en handelen zijn het ontwikkelen van passende signaleringsinstrumenten, het verlagen van de drempel voor het volgen van bijscholing en het verbeteren van samenwerking met hulpverleningsorganisaties, in het bijzonder met VT.
Geochemical and petrographic investigation of the provenance of white marble decorative elements from the Roman Villa Armira in south-eastern Bulgaria
Authors: Anevlavi Vasiliki , Prochaska Walter , Cenati Chiara , Ivanov Ivan , Ladstätter Sabine , Popov Hristo , Georgiev Plamen , Kabakchieva Gergana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe paper presents evidence of Roman marble production in the Balkan region, specifically from the south-eastern Rhodope Mountain area (modern Bulgaria) and Armira. Although the Roman marble trade and production in antiquity are well known in Prokonnesos, Thasos, and several other production sites, marble deposits from inland Thrace have received far less attention. In 2018–2019, a systematic survey of south-eastern Bulgaria (Roman Thrace) was carried out by our team in collaboration with the National Archaeological Institute with Museum in Bulgaria. White marble quarries and outcrops were investigated in situ with the goal of characterizing the macroscopic qualities of the stone. Quarry samples were collected and analyzed through various techniques—petrography, isotopic, and chemical analyses—and compared with the architectural decorative marble and artifacts from the Roman villa at Armira. We demonstrate that the geochemical and petrographic features of these samples indicate a marble provenance restricted to a few selected sources. We conclude that the local marble from the Armira and Kamilski Dol quarries was widely used for the complete architectural program of the Roman villa of Armira.
Influence of tectonic perturbations on the migration of long-lived radionuclides from an underground repository of radioactive waste
Authors: Malkovsky Victor , Liebscher Axel , Nagel Thomas , Magri Fabien 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe studied the influence of tectonic perturbations on the transport of potentially mobilized radionuclides in groundwater from a deep-mined repository of solid high-level radioactive waste. The study was carried out by the method of mathematical modeling. Key parameters of the model correspond to the site of a potential federal repository in Russia. The groundwater flow domain is delimited on one side by a water divide (i.e., boundary of the catchment basin) and on the other side by the river bank. 2D simulations of groundwater flow and radionuclide migration are carried out along a vertical cross-section normal to the water divide. The groundwater flows through the rock massif, which encloses the repository, and discharges into the adjacent river. It is supposed that tectonic activity may form a fault which is parallel to the river bank. We analyzed how repository safety depends on the time of the fault emergence and on the distance between the repository and the fault. The results of our simulations suggest that: (1) emergence of a fault due to tectonic perturbations is not inevitably associated with a substantial growth of radionuclides released from the repository to the environment; (2) influence of the fault on the repository safety depends on the distance between the fault and the repository as well as on the time interval between the repository development and the fault emergence; (3) the influence of the fault on the repository safety can depend substantially on local elevations of the relief at the repository site.
Single-cell and microarray chip analysis revealed the underlying pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis and validated model genes in diagnosis and drug response
Authors: Yang Liqing , Chen Haiying , Yang Yunong , Deng Yeling , Chen Qiumin , Luo Baiwei , Chen Keren 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe morbidity rate of ulcerative colitis (UC) in the world is increasing year by year, recurrent episodes of diarrhea, mucopurulent and bloody stools, and abdominal pain are the main symptoms, reducing the quality of life of the patient and affecting the productivity of the society. In this study, we sought to develop robust diagnostic biomarkers for UC, to uncover potential targets for anti-TNF-ɑ drugs, and to investigate their associated pathway mechanisms. We collected single-cell expression profile data from 9 UC or healthy samples and performed cell annotation and cell communication analysis. Revealing the possible pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis by Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analysis. Based on the disease-related modules obtained from weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) analysis, we used Lasso regression analysis and random forest algorithm to identify the genes with the greatest impact on disease (EPB41L3, HSD17B3, NDRG1, PDIA5, TRPV3) and further validated the diagnostic value of the model genes by various means. To further explore the relationship and mechanism between model genes and drug sensitivity, we collected gene expression profiles of 185 UC patients before receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor drugs, and we performed functional analysis based on the results of differential analysis between NR tissues and R tissues, and used single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) and CIBERSORT algorithms to explore the important role of immune microenvironment on drug sensitivity. The results suggest that our model is not only helpful in aiding diagnosis, but also has implications for predicting drug efficacy; in addition, model genes may influence drug sensitivity by affecting immune cells. We suggest that this study has developed a diagnostic model with higher specificity and sensitivity, and also provides suggestions for clinical administration and drug efficacy prediction.
Corrosion behavior and failure mechanism of SiC whisker and c-AlPO4 particle-modified novel tri-layer Yb2Si2O7/mullite/SiC coating in burner rig tests
Authors: Chen Pengju , Xiao Peng , Tang Xian , Li Yang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe corrosion behavior of environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) directly affects the service life and stability of ceramic matrix composite (CMC) structural parts in the aero-engines. The silicon carbide (SiC) whisker toughening phase and c-AlPO4 bonding phase are firstly used to improve the service life of novel tri-layer Yb2Si2O7/mullite/SiC EBCs in the burner rig test. The formation of penetrating cracks in Yb2Si2O7/mullite/SiC coating caused the failure of coating at 1673 K. The SiC whiskers in mullite middle coating significantly inhibited the formation of penetrating cracks in Yb2Si2O7/mullite/SiC coating, and efficiently prevented the oxidation of carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide (Cf/SiC) samples for 360-min thermal cycles (24 times) with a weight loss of 6.19×10−3 g·cm−2. Although c-AlPO4 particles further improved the service life of SiCw-mullite (SM) coating, the overflow of POx gas aggravated the formation and expansion of cracks in the Yb2Si2O7 outer coating, and caused the service life of overall Yb2Si2O7/c-AlPO4-SiCw-mullite (ASM)/SiC coating to be slightly lower than that of Yb2Si2O7/SM/SiC coating. This study guides the design of modified tri-layer EBCs with long service life in high-temperature and high-speed gas environment.
“Are We Working (Too) Comfortably?”: Understanding the Nature of and Factors Associated with Sedentary Behaviour When Working in the Home Environment
Authors: Niven Ailsa , Baker Graham , Almeida Eva Coral , Fawkner Samantha G , Jepson Ruth , Manner Jillian , Morton Sarah , Nightingale Glenna , Sivaramakrishnan Divya , Fitzsimons Claire 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHome working has increased due to COVID-19, but little is known about how this change has impacted the health risk behaviour of elevated sedentary time. The aim of this cross-sectional exploratory study was to assess occupational sitting behaviour when working at home, and use the Capability Opportunity Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model to identify influences on this behaviour. University staff (n = 267; 69% female; 92% white) who were predominantly working from home completed a questionnaire to assess sitting time, sitting breaks, demographic and occupational characteristics, and a 7-item COM-B questionnaire and open-ended questions to assess influences on time spent sitting whilst working from home. Data were analysed descriptively, a repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine differences in the COM-B items, and binary logistic regression was used to examine predictors of sitting time. Staff spent on average 89.5% (SD = 17.1) of their time sitting whilst working at home, and took an average of 1.36 (1.38) sitting breaks per hour. There were significant and meaningful differences in the influence of the COM factors on ability and willingness to reduce sitting behaviour (p < .0001; ηp2 = .38), and the open-ended responses added further context. The included variables accounted for 20.7% of variance in sitting behaviour, with age, sitting breaks, motivation-automatic, and opportunity-physical contributing significantly. Working from home leads to elevated levels of sitting, and the COM-B provides a useful model to identify key influences on ability and willingness to reduce sitting. Strategies incorporating regular breaks, habit formation/reversal, and restructuring the physical environment may be beneficial.
Making sense of the crisis: how religion shapes the attribution of meaning during the corona pandemic
Authors: Unser Alexander , Riegel Ulrich 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn times of existential crisis, such as the Corona pandemic, people may turn to religious traditions that help them make new sense of the depressing situation. While recent studies have shown that during the Corona pandemic, the frequency of prayer and church attendance increased in several countries, we know little about whether and how religious interpretations of the current crisis occur. Building on Crystal Park’s Meaning Making Model, the article examines whether individual religiosity, religious affiliation, and the experience of a SARS-CoV‑2 infection influence religious interpretations of the Corona pandemic. Our results show that religiosity is strongly associated with the idea of a benevolent God and weakly associated with the concept of a punishing God. Members of specific religious groups differed significantly in their religious interpretation of the Corona pandemic. Finally, we found that the experience of a SARS-CoV‑2 infection was associated with doubts about the power of God.
Controlling Lattice Misfit and Creep Rate Through the γ' Cube Shapes in the Al10Co25Cr8Fe15Ni36Ti6 Compositionally Complex Alloy with Hf and W Additions
Authors: Yesilcicek Y. , Haas S. , Suárez Ocaño P. , Zaiser E. , Hesse R. , Többens D. M. , Glatzel U. , Manzoni A. M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTrace elements play an important role in the fine-tuning of complex material properties. This study focuses on the correlation of microstructure, lattice misfit and creep properties. The compositionally complex alloy Al10Co25Cr8Fe15Ni36Ti6 (in at. %) was tuned with high melting trace elements Hf and W. The microstructure consists of a γ matrix, γ' precipitates and the Heusler phase and it is accompanied by good mechanical properties for high temperature applications. The addition of 0.5 at.% Hf to the Al10Co25Cr8Fe15Ni36Ti6 alloy resulted in more sharp-edged cubic γ′ precipitates and an increase in the Heusler phase amount. The addition of 1 at.% W led to more rounded γ′ precipitates and the dissolution of the Heusler phase. The shapes of the γ' precipitates of the alloys Al9.25Co25Cr8Fe15Ni36Ti6Hf0.25W0.5 and Al9.25Co25Cr8Fe15Ni36Ti6Hf0.5W0.25, that are the alloys of interest in this paper, create a transition from the well-rounded precipitates in the alloy with 1% W containing alloy to the sharp angular particles in the alloy with 0.5% Hf. While the lattice misfit has a direct correlation to the γ' precipitates shape, the creep rate is also related to the amount of the Heusler phase. The lattice misfit increases with decreasing corner radius of the γ' precipitates. So does the creep rate, but it also increases with the amount of Heusler phase. The microstructures were investigated by SEM and TEM, the lattice misfit was calculated from the lattice parameters obtained by synchrotron radiation measurements.
Use of peripheral blood eosinophils to guide post-operative glucocorticoid therapy in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: a randomised, controlled trial
Authors: Liu Y , Xing Z , Geng C , Liu Y , Cao J , Yang Y , Pan T , Yu L 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the utility of the eosinophil percentage in peripheral blood for guiding post-operative glucocorticoid therapy in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.MethodsForty-four patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery and were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in the standard treatment group used oral and nasal spray glucocorticoids. In the biomarker treatment group, patients with peripheral blood eosinophil percentage values less than 3.05 per cent did not receive glucocorticoid treatment, whereas patients with values 3.05 per cent or above were part of the standard treatment group. Visual Analogue Scale, Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 scores, endoscopic Lund–Kennedy scores, eosinophils, interleukin-5 and eosinophil cationic protein in peripheral blood, and nasal secretions were measured.ResultsAfter functional endoscopic sinus surgery, the Visual Analogue Scale, Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 and Lund–Kennedy scores were significantly reduced in both groups; there were no significant differences in those indicators between the groups during the three follow-up visits.ConclusionPeripheral blood eosinophil percentage offers a potential biomarker to guide post-operative glucocorticoid therapy in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.
Adaptions of photosynthesis in sun and shade in populations of some Afromontane lichens
Authors: Mkhize Kwanele Goodman Wandile , Minibayeva Farida , Beckett Richard Peter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPhotosynthetic organisms have evolved a great variety of mechanisms to optimize their use of sunlight. Some of the clearest examples of adaptations can be seen by comparing photosynthesis in different species and in different individuals of the same species that grow under high and low light levels. While the adaptations of sun and shade higher plants have been relatively well studied, much less information is available on the photobionts of lichenized Ascomycetes. An important adaptation that can protect photosynthetic organisms from the potentially harmful effects of excess light is non-photochemical quenching (NPQ); NPQ can dissipate unused light energy as heat. Here we used chlorophyll fluorescence to compare the induction and relaxation of NPQ and the induction of electron transport (rETR) in collections of the same lichen species from exposed and from more shaded locations. All species have trebouxioid photobionts and normally grow in more exposed microhabitats but can also be readily collected from more shaded locations. Shade forms display generally higher NPQ, presumably to protect lichens from occasional rapid increases in light that occur during sunflecks. Furthermore, the NPQ of shade forms relaxes quickly when light levels are reduced, presumably to ensure efficient photosynthesis after a sunfleck has passed. The maximal relative electron transport rate is lower in shade than sun collections, probably reflecting a downregulation of photosynthetic capacity to reduce energy costs. We also compared collections of pale and melanized thalli from three species of shade lichens with Symbiochloris as their photobiont. Interestingly, NPQ in melanized thalli from slightly more exposed microhabitats induced and relaxed in a way that resembled shade rather than sun forms of the trebouxioid lichens. This might suggest that in some locations melanization induced during a temporary period of high light may be excessive and could potentially reduce photosynthesis later in the growing season. Taken together, the results suggest that lichen photobionts can flexibly adjust the amount and type of NPQ, and their levels of rETR in response to light availability.