bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for Mortality From Late-Onset Sepsis Among Preterm Very-Low-Birthweight Infants: A Single-Center Cohort Study From Singapore
Authors: Goh Guan Lin , Lim Charis Shu En , Sultana Rehena , De La Puerta Rowena , Rajadurai Victor Samuel , Yeo Kee Thai 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the risk factors for mortality associated with late onset sepsis (LOS) among preterm very-low-birthweight (VLBW) infants.Study DesignWe performed a retrospective cohort study of infants born &lt;32 weeks gestation and &lt;1,500 gm admitted to a Singaporean tertiary-level neonatal intensive care unit. We determined the clinical, microbial, and laboratory risk factors associated with mortality due to culture-positive LOS in this cohort.ResultsA total of 1,740 infants were admitted, of which 169 (9.7%) developed LOS and 27 (16%) died. Compared to survivors, those who died had lower birth gestational age (median 24 vs. 25 weeks, p = 0.02) and earlier LOS occurrence (median 10 vs. 17 days, p = 0.007). There was no difference in the incidence of meningitis (11.1 vs. 16.9%, p = 0.3), NEC (18.5 vs. 14.8%, p = 0.6), or intestinal surgery (18.5 vs. 23.3%, p = 0.6) among infants who died compared to survivors. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 21/27 (77.8%) LOS-associated deaths and almost all (13/14, 93%) fulminant episodes. The presence of multiorgan failure, as evidenced by the need for mechanical ventilation (100 vs. 79.0%, p = 0.008), elevated lactate (12.4 vs. 2.1 mmol/L, p &lt; 0.001), and inotropic support (92.6 vs. 37.5%, p &lt; 0.001), was significantly associated with mortality. Infants who died had significantly lower white blood cell (WBC) counts (median 4.2 × 109/L vs. 9.9 × 109/L, p = 0.001), lower platelet count (median 40 × 109/L vs. 62 × 109/L, p = 0.01), and higher immature to total neutrophil (I: T) ratio (0.2 vs. 0.1, p = 0.002). Inotrope requirement [AOR 22.4 (95%CI 2.9, 103.7)], WBC &lt;4 × 109/L [AOR 4.7 (1.7, 13.2)], and I: T ratio &gt;0.3 [AOR 3.6 (1.3, 9.7)] were independently associated with LOS mortality.ConclusionsIn a setting with predominantly Gram-negative bacterial infections, the need for inotropic support, leukopenia, and elevated I: T ratio were significantly associated with LOS mortality among preterm VLBW infants.
A Qualitative Analysis of the Culture of Antibiotic Use for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Among Patients in Northwest Russia
Authors: Cantarero-Arevalo Lourdes , Nørgaard Lotte S. , Sporrong Sofia K. , Jacobsen Ramune , Almarsdóttir Anna Birna , Hansen Johanne M. , Titkov Dmitry , Rachina Svetlana , Panfilova Ekaterina , Merkulova Viktoria , Eseva Olga , Riabkova Nadezhda , Kaae Susanne 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Due to the globally persistent threat of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), the purpose of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the antibiotic (AB) practices, knowledge and attitudes among patients residing in five regions in the northwest part of Russia. Given the high prevalence, this study focused on ABs for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTI).Methods: The qualitative, semi-structured interviews followed a guide organized by major themes such as common symptoms, consultations with doctors and external influences in decision-making. Patient participants were recruited via convenience sampling. Fifty-five interviews were conducted among patients using ABs for URTIs purchased with or without prescription. Data was analyzed using a direct content analysis and validation rounds were conducted between interviewers and data analyzers.Results: Self-medication with ABs seemed a common practice across all five Russian regions; in some cases, patients tried to persuade pharmacists into selling them ABs without prescription. Factors, such as time spent going to the doctor, need of a sick leave or self-persuasion, influenced the decisions of whether or not to seek the doctor for symptoms of URTIs. Knowledge of ABs and AMR was generally low; however, some patients with seemingly good knowledge practiced self-medication from time to time. Family members and friends were often involved in decisions about how to handle symptoms of URTIs, especially among those patients using ABs without prescription. Few patients had noticed ABs awareness campaigns, and very few reported having learned something important from them.Conclusion: Despite enforced regulation of AB use in Russia, self-medication still exists. Knowledge is not always linked to appropriate use of AB, and the few campaigns conducted were not always noticed.
The Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depressive Symptoms Among Medical Students in Bangladesh During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study
Authors: Biswas Md. Abdullah Al Jubayer , Hasan M. Tasdik , Samir Nora , Alin Sayma Islam , Homaira Nusrat , Hassan Md. Zakiul , Khatun Mst Rabeya , Anjum Afifa , Hossain Sahadat , Koly Kamrun Nahar , Safa Farhana , Alam Syeda Fatema , Rafi Md. Abdur , Osman Biswas Md. Abdullah al , Yasmin Farida , Podder Vivek , Trisa Tonima Islam , Azad Dewan Tasnia , Nodi Rhedeya Nury , Ashraf Fatema , Akther S. M. Quamrul , Ahmed Helal Uddin 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundWhilst very limited studies have demonstrated a correlation between the COVID-19 pandemic and depressive symptoms amongst Bangladeshi medical students, the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) remains widely unknown.ObjectiveThe study aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with depression symptoms among Bangladeshi medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period.MethodIn this web-based cross-sectional pilot study, medical students' data was collected using the Google Forms web survey platform after obtaining electronic informed consent. A total of 425 medical students were selected using a systematic sampling technique to accumulate depression symptoms and demographic and pandemic-related information. Depression was measured by a self-administered, validated English version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) tool. The descriptive analysis utilized frequency and percentages, while the stepwise binary logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the factors associated with depressive symptoms.ResultAmong 425 medical students, 62.3% were female, 97.4% unmarried. Almost 80.2% of medical students had mild to severe levels of depressive symptoms as characterized by PHQ-9. A significantly higher probability of depression was found amongst female students (adjusted OR = 1.8), those who struggled to stay away from social media (adjusted OR = 1.8), those who tried to be optimistic for maintaining better psychology (adjusted OR = 11.1), and those who always had a sleeping difficulty in the last 4 weeks (adjusted OR = 8.9).ConclusionA very high prevalence of depression symptoms among Bangladeshi medical students was found across the majority of socio-demographic variables. The alarming prevalence and associated factors of depression suggests the need for follow-intensity psychosocial interventions designed for medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Practices, Attitudes, and Knowledge Among Healthcare Providers and Oncologists in China Regarding Male Fertility Preservation
Authors: Huang Chuan , Xu Ying Chun , Kuang Li Hua , Lan Qiong Yu , Hu Jing , Zhu Wenbing , Fan Liqing , Li Qing 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to help to promote a better understanding of the male fertility preservation status in China.MethodsIn this cross-sectional survey, 1,912 healthcare providers and oncologists were surveyed anonymously using 16 questions carried out at community oncology practices in China from September 2018 to April 2021. 16 questions were designed to evaluate their knowledge on male fertility preservation in cancer patients, assess the factors they considered when deciding whether to discuss male fertility preservation with their patients.ResultsAmong the 1,912 healthcare providers (42.2% male), 1,713 (89.6%) considered that patients with cancer should be recommended for fertility preservation. 1,264 (66.1%) respondents were aware of male fertility preservation, but only 248 (13.0%) respondents knew the correct institutions. Whether a healthcare provide recommended fertility preservation to their patients depended on the provider's educational background, professional qualifications, hospital grade, area, department, and age. Among the healthcare providers, the three main factors for not recommending fertility preservation for patients with cancer were lack of suitability of the patient for fertility (28.2%), lack of knowledge of fertility preservation (28.6%), and lack of knowledge concerning the institutes that provide fertility preservation (25.4%).ConclusionDespite this, healthcare providers and oncologists in China showed a positive attitude toward fertility preservation in patients with cancer. Hence, the education of physicians should include fertility preservation, with the aim of increasing their knowledge and awareness. There should be more collaboration between oncologists and reproductive medicine specialists.
“I'm a Referee, Not a Female Referee”: The Experiences of Women Involved in Football as Coaches and Referees
Authors: Drury Scarlett , Stride Annette , Fitzgerald Hayley , Hyett-Allen Nia , Pylypiuk Laura , Whitford-Stark Jodie 
Published: January 2022

The development of the Women's Super League (WSL) in English football, increased media coverage of the game, and an expansion of grassroots opportunities indicate a bright future for women and girls who want to play. Yet this vision must be tempered against compelling evidence of deep rooted and enduring gender inequalities within the game. This is the case for both players, and women who undertake non-playing roles, which is reflected in the relatively low numbers of women coaches and referees. Whilst The Football Association (The FA) has signalled addressing these inequalities as a key priority, critics argue that such efforts amount to superficial and limited efforts to support meaningful change. This paper departs from a concern with playing the game and responds to calls for more research to explore the experiences of women involved in football in non-playing roles. More specifically, it focuses on women coaches and referees, and addresses the following question: how do women in positions of power in football negotiate their place in what remains a distinctly male-dominated profession? In addressing this question, we take a theoretical position located at the nexus between radical and post-structural feminism, acknowledging the significance of structural power relations and individual agency in shaping daily lived social realities. Data were generated from interviews with 14 women coaches and 10 women referees. These interviews explored the structure and culture of the game and its impact on women's experiences of men's and women's competitive and grassroots football. Through a rigorous process of thematic analysis, three themes were identified: gendered entry into football careers; reinforcement of women's difference on the football field; and coping strategies for remaining in the game. Centralising the women's voices in this research highlights the insidious and persistent nature of gendered microaggressions, the sexism of football culture, and the ways in which these women negotiate this masculine terrain in their pursuit of being coaches and referees.“Andy Gray and Richard Keys hauled off air for sexist comments” (The Guardian, 24 January, 2011)“Crystal Palace Women goalkeeper accuses clubs of ignoring FA protocols after she was subjected to sexist abuse” (The Telegraph, 16 January, 2020)“Football manager demands ban on women referees” (The Guardian, 12 November, 2006)“Richard Scudamore sexism scandal intensifies as conspirator in sexist emails investigated by own law firm” (The Telegraph, 16 May, 2014)“Soccer chief's plan to boost women's game? Hotpants” (The Guardian, 16 January, 2004)“Women in Football survey a damning indictment of sexism in the workplace” (HRreview, 11 March, 2014)“Clattenburg criticised for claim female referees must pick career or children” (The Telegraph, 1 October, 2021)
Determinants of Modern Paediatric Healthcare Seeking in Rural Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Koné Siaka , Fink Günther , Probst-Hensch Nicole , Essé Clémence , Utzinger Jürg , N’Goran Eliézer K. , Tanner Marcel , Jaeger Fabienne N. 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: To determine factors that influence healthcare seeking among children with fatal and non-fatal health problems.Methods: Last disease episodes of surviving children and fatal outcomes of children under 5 years of age were investigated by means of an adapted social autopsy questionnaire administered to main caregivers. Descriptive analysis and logistic models were employed to identify key determinants of modern healthcare use.Results: Overall, 736 non-fatal and 82 fatal cases were assessed. Modern healthcare was sought for 63.9% of non-fatal and 76.8% of fatal cases, respectively. In non-fatal cases, young age, caregiver being a parent, secondary or higher education, living &lt;5 km from a health facility, and certain clinical signs (i.e., fever, severe vomiting, inability to drink, convulsion, and inability to play) were positively associated with modern healthcare seeking. In fatal cases, only signs of lower respiratory disease were positively associated with modern healthcare seeking. A lack of awareness regarding clinical danger signs was identified in both groups.Conclusion: Interventions promoting prompt healthcare seeking and the recognition of danger signs may help improve treatment seeking in rural settings of Côte d’Ivoire and can potentially help further reduce under-five mortality.
ВИДИ ОБОРОННОЇ АРХІТЕКТУРИ ПОДІЛЛЯ НА ПОШТОВИХ ЛИСТІВКАХ ПОЛЬСЬКОГО ТОВАРИСТВА КРАЄЗНАВЧОГО (1907–1913 рр.)
Authors: Паур Ірина 
Published: January 2022

Проаналізовано іконографію поштових листівок Польського товариства краєзнавчого, виданих до Першої світової війни. З’ясовано, що товариство популяризовало подільські краєвиди на поштівках із метою утвердження історико-культурної спадщини «східних кресів» як національного надбання польського народу. Визначено, що упродовж 1907–1913 рр. види оборонної архітектури Поділля були представлені в серії поштівок «Польські замки» (фортеці в Кам’янці-Подільському, Меджибожі, руїни замків у Жванці, Панівцях, Пиляві, Зінькові) та «Поділля» (Кам’янець-Подільська фортеця). З’ясовано, що в основі композиції лицьового боку поштівок цих серій були світлини К. Кульвіча та М. Грейма, а їх художнє оформлення здійснював М. Вишніцький. Проаналізовано тексти історичних довідок на адресному боці поштівок.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTIFICATION OF E-COMMERCE ENTERPRISE BASED ON THE MODERATING EFFECT OF COLLECTIVISM
Authors: Xu Linwei 
Published: January 2022

This work empirically analyzes the moderating effect of collectivism on the relationship between social responsibility and organizational identification of e-commerce enterprise. Our study suggests that: (1) there would be significant difference on the organizational identification under distinct enterprise sizes, employee gender and educational levels; (2) Fulfillment of duties to employees, consumers and the government has a significant positive impact on organizational identification, while fulfillment of duties to social and non-social stakeholders cannot effectively predict the impact of organizational identification; (3) organizational identification imposes a significant positive effect on the two structural dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior.
Collectivism orientation plays a moderating role in the influence of employee-oriented and government-oriented responsibility on organizational identification. Our study recommends the managers of e-commerce enterprises to strengthen the organic integration of business strategy and corporate social responsibility (CSR), and to develop an effective framework for the system construction of CSR. It is necessary to realize that the fulfillment of corporate social responsibility is a long-term systematic project that requires fullest participation of employees.
Managers should undermine the collectivism orientation of employees, and vigorously activate the interaction between employees and organizations, proactively cultivating the collectivism consciousness and the sense of community among employees.
MIGRATION, COVID, REMITTANCES AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE BALTIC STATES: A REGIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Přívarová Magdaléna 
Published: January 2022

The Baltic states have faced high emigration flows since joining the EU in 2004. While integrating to the EU, the region has faced many economic and political issues, including migration due to Covid-19 and various economic factors. These issues revealed the weaknesses of their economic policies, financial systems and social security systems. Though, after the EU accession in 2004, the Baltic economies demonstrated rapid economic growth, but the financial and economic crisis has evidently shown their weaknesses. The Baltic states is a crucial example of the regions where the current emigration has drawn the attention of policy makers seeking to reduce the possible negative effects of the emigration of young and skilled workers. We have employed fixed effects and OLS estimation to conduct our research. Our regression analysis has demonstrated that remittances positively and significantly contribute to the economic growth of the Baltics.
However, we emphasize the importance of further analysis of the geography of remittances to the region, especially under conditions of Brexit given the high share of remittances which the Baltics were receiving from the United Kingdom during years. The effects of Brexit on remittances flows from the United Kingdom to the Baltics will definitely take place in the future, thus, shifts in emigration flows and remittances should be in focus.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Berbasis Multiple Intelligences di SD Hidayatul Murid Full Day Ampel Wuluhan Jember
Authors: Af'idah Nilta Nur , Kholil Mohammad 
Published: January 2022

The low index of human development in Indonesia and the low ranking of Indonesia in ranking a country’s competitiviness based on the ability or talents of human resources by Global Talent Competitiviness Index in 2019 indicate the low ability to develop every intelligence or talent of students. Then, multiple intelligences based learning needs to be applied to develop every intelligence or talent of students. The focus of this research is how is the planning, implementation, and evaluation of multiple intelligences based learning in SD Hidayatul Murid Full Day Ampel Wuluhan Jember. The purpose of this research is to describe the planning, implementation, and evaluation of multiple intelligences based learning in SD Hidayatul Murid Full Day Ampel Wuluhan Jember. This research uses a qualitative approach to the type of case studies. Research subjects were determined using purposive sumpling techniques and data in this research were collected through observation, interviews, an documentation.
Keywords: Learning, Multiple Intelligences
ABSTRAK
Rendahnya Indeks Pembangunan Manusia negara Indonesia dan rendahnya peringkat negara Indonesia dalam pemeringkatan daya saing suatu negara berdasarkan kemampuan atau talenta sumber daya manusia oleh Global Talent Competitiviness Index pada tahun 2019 menunjukkan rendahnya kemampuan untuk mengembangkan setiap kecerdasan atau bakat di negara Indonesia. Maka, pembelajaran berbasis multiple intelligences perlu diterapkan untuk mengembangkan setiap kecerdasan atau bakat peserta didik. Fokus penelitian ini adalah bagaimana perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi pembelajaran berbasis multiple intelligences di SD Hidayatul Murid Full Day Ampel Wuluhan Jember?. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi pembelajaran berbasis multiple intelligences di SD Hidayatul Murid Full Day Ampel Wuluhan Jember. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Subjek penelitian ditentukan menggunakan teknik purposive sumpling dan data pada penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi.
Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran, Kecerdasan Majemuk
Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Group to Group Exchange dengan Media Mind Mapping untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Biologi Siswa
Authors: Arif Arwin , Hasyim Ahmad 
Published: January 2022

This research is a Classroom Action Research which aims to determine the increase in Biology Learning Outcomes through the Group to Group Exchange Learning Method with Mind Mapping Media. The subjects of this study were 20 students of class VIII SMPN 6 Lembor Selatan, West Manggarai Regency in the odd semester of the 2019/2020 school year. The implementation of this research consisted of two cycles and the data collected were analyzed using descriptive. Based on the data the results of the study showed that the Group learning method to Group Exchange using Mind Mapping media has a positive impact in improving student learning outcomes which are marked by an increase in student learning completeness in each cycle, In the first cycle the average score of activity was 38.90, increasing in the second cycle with an average score of 72.78. Mean while, the number of students who did not complete the first cycle by an average of 65% decreased in the second cycle by an average of 10%. The use of the Group To Group Exhange method with Mind Mapping media can improve student learning outcomes in class VIII students of SMPN 6 Lembor Selatan.
Keywords: Group to Group Exchange, Mind Mapping and Learning Outcomes

Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan Hasil Belajar Biologi melalui Metode Pembelajaran Group to Group Exchange dengan Media Mind Mapping. Subjek penelitian ini sebanyak 20 orang siswa kelas VIII SMPN 6 Lembor Selatan Kabupaten Manggarai Barat pada semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2019/2020.Pelaksanaan penelitian ini terdiri atas dua siklus dan data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan deskriptif.Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode pembelajaran Group to Group Exchange dengan menggunakan media Mind Mapping memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa yang ditandai dengan peningkatan ketuntasan belajar siswa dalam setiap siklus. Pada siklus I skor rata-rata aktivitas 38,90 meningkat pada siklus II dengan rata-rata 72,78. Sedangkan jumlah siswa yang tidak tuntas pada siklus I dengan rata-rata 65% menurun pada siklus II dengan rata-rata 10%. Penggunaan metode Group To Group Exhange dengan media Mind Mapping dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada siswa kelas VIII SMPN 6 Lembor Selatan.
Kata Kunci:Group to Group Exchange, Mind Mapping dan Hasil Belajar