bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of clinical characteristics in adult patients under 65 years of age with and without Covid-19 pneumonia
Authors: Sahin Ozdemirel Tugce , Akkurt Esma Sevil , Ertan Ozlem , Gökler Mehmet Enes , Ozyurek Berna Akinci 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause asymptomatic, mild upper respiratory tract symptoms and pneumonia in young persons. How the disease will progress in each patient is still unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prognostic markers of the development of pneumonia and the clinical characteristics of patients under 65 years with COVID-19 confirmed by a positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test.

Methods:
In this retrospective study, a total of 271 patients admitted in our unit were included. The patients were divided into two groups, those who did and those who did not develop pneumonia. Their clinical features, treatment protocols, and laboratory parameters were recorded retrospectively.

Results:
Pneumonia developed in 67.9% (n = 184) of the cases. The age in the pneumonia group was higher than that in the non-pneumonia group (p < 0.001). In the logistic regression analysis, the symptom and co-morbidity status were examined according to the presence of pneumonia; hypertension (HT) (OR: 4525, 95% CL: 1,494–13,708) was the most important risk factor for pneumonia. When age and laboratory values were examined according to the presence of pneumonia, advanced age (OR: 1.042, 95% CL: 1.01–1.073), low albumin (OR: 0.917, 95% CL: 0.854–0.986), and high troponin (OR: 1.291, 95% CL: 1.044–1.596) were identified as risk factors for pneumonia.

Conclusion:
In this article, HT (22.3%, P < 0.001) has been considered as an important risk factor, whereas association of diabetes mellitus (21.2%, P 0.029) and smoking (25.0%, P 0.038) was also significant. The median age of the group was 51 (41.5–58) in the group developing pneumonia and 41 (30–48) in the non-developing group. Young patients with these predictive factors should be more carefully evaluated by further diagnostic procedures, such as thoracic computed tomography.
Results of the surgical treatment of pulmonary bleb and bullous disease
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Asli Rastin , Aghajanzadeh Manouchehr , Lahiji Mahtab Raji , Hosseinzadeh Asli Hossein , Foumani Ali Alavi , Pourahmadi Yousha 
Published: August 2022

Objective:
Bullous lung disease is characterised by the development of bullae within the lung parenchyma. Smoking is considered as a main risk factor of bullae formation. The clinical manifestation varies from asymptomatic bullae to severe respiratory distress. The exact medical approach is still controversial. Here, we aimed to evaluate the patient clinical characteristics and the indication of surgery in the patients.

Methods:
This study was an analytic cross-sectional study in Razi hospital, Rasht, Iran, in 2016–2020. A total of 110 patients with newly diagnosed lung bullae underwent evaluation based on a checklist, which assessed the variables as clinical characteristics, bullae features, the medical treatment, and its complication. Eventually, statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS v21.0.

Results:
A total of 110 patients were enrolled. All the patients were smokers. In 72.9%, the primary presentation was respiratory distress, which needed surgical resection with no recurrence over 8 months. The clinical manifestation varies from asymptomatic bullae in 4.3% and pneumonia in 34.3% to respiratory distress in 61.4%. There was no statistical correlation between clinical manifestation and all the studied variables excluding respiratory distress (p value: 0.659). Seventy patients underwent surgical treatment, in which 20 cases were complicated by air leak that was managed by the chest tube in 16 patients and the Heimlich valve in four patients. No evidence of recurrence was detected.

Conclusion:
The main risk factor of bulla formation is smoking. Because of various clinical presentations, the appropriate medical approach is of paramount importance.
Detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Genes in Members of the Proteeae Tribe Isolated from a Tertiary Hospital in Southeast, Nigeria
Authors: Akujobi Comfort Nne , Okwesilieze Chinenye Vivian , Aghanya Iloduba Nnaemeka , Ukibe Solomon Nwabueze , Okoro Akachukwu Egwu , Ushie Simon Nkpeh , Maduekwe Nkechi Perpetua 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Tribe Proteeae consisting of Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella species are critical opportunistic pathogens causing various health care-associated infections. Widespread extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) activities have been reported among members of these groups of organisms.

Aim:
This study aimed to detect ESBL genes in clinical isolates of these bacteria from Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH).

Materials and Methods:
Two hundred and sixteen Gram-negative bacilli isolated from patients receiving care in NAUTH were identified using the Microbact 12A Gram-negative bacilli identification system. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed on the isolates using antibiotics of various classes. The isolates resistant to any third-generation cephalosporins were screened for ESBL activity using the combination disc test. The presence of cefotaximase (CTX), oxacillinases (OXA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) genes were determined using polymerase chain reaction.

Results:
Out of the 216 Gram-negative isolates, 12 (5.6%) were Proteus spp., 3 (1.4%) were Morganella spp., and 8 (3.7%) were Providencia spp. The prevalence of the Proteeae bacteria was 23/216 (10.6%). Of the 23 Proteeae bacteria, 5 (21.7%) were confirmed phenotypically as ESBL producers, while 3 (13%) expressed the actual ESBL genes. CTX, OXA, and TEM genes were detected in all three isolates. Furthermore, 13% of the isolates exhibited carbapenem resistance.

Conclusion:
The results confirmed that ESBL-producing Proteeae bacteria existed in NAUTH. The incidental detection of carbapenem resistance among the Proteeae isolates whispers terror in waiting because carbapenems are last-resort antibiotics for managing life-threatening ESBL infections. This worrisome development highlights the need to improve infection control practices in Nigerian tertiary hospitals drastically.
Prevalence and Determinants of Herbal Medicine Use among Adults Attending the National Health Insurance Clinic of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria
Authors: Maiyegun Afisulahi Abiodun , Mutalub Yahkub Babatunde , Muhammad Attahiru Al-Hajj , Akangoziri Mark Divine 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is growing worldwide, with herbal medicine often the most common CAM, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. For optimal patient care, the clinician should know what other medications patients use and why. While many studies have been done on herbal medicine use in the general population, studies on this topic among insured patients in Nigeria are scanty, at best. Thus, there is a need for more researches in this area.

Aim:
This study aimed to assess the use of herbal medicine among patients enrolled in the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS).

Patients, Materials and Methods:
The participants were adult patients (at least 18 years old), of both genders, attending the NHIS Clinic of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi. This was an analytical, cross-sectional study. Participants were selected by systematic random sampling. Very sick patients and those who refused to grant consent to the study were exempted. Only seven declined, giving a response rate of 98.1% (364/371). An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on participants' biodata and the use of herbal medicine. The study was done from October 1, 2020 to December 23, 2020 over 12 weeks.

Results:
The lifetime prevalence of herbal medicine use was 76.65%. The most common herbs used were moringa (47.31%), garlic (46.95%), ginger (38.71%), lemon (36.20%), and black seed (33.69%). Most of the participants (67.4%) used herbs for treatment, and the main reason for use was their effectiveness (61.3%). Over a third of participants combined herbs and orthodox medicine, and 82.44% never told their doctors they used herbs. Marital status of the study participants was the only variable associated with herbal medicine use (P = 0.022 at 95% confidence level).

Conclusion:
Patients in the NHIS use herbal medicine, though the point prevalence is relatively lower than in uninsured patients. Hence, doctors should be careful to enquire about the herbs these patients use and counsel them appropriately.
The Spectrum of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Findings and Therapeutic Interventions in Patients Presenting with Upper Gastrointestinal Complaints
Authors: Shin Mohammed , George Rohith , Goudar Santosh R. , D′Souza Sydney , Masoodi Ibrahim 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Endoscopy has a great role in the diagnosis, surveillance, and management of various gastrointestinal (GI) ailments.

Aims:
This study aimed to evaluate the spectrum of upper GI (UGI) symptoms and correlate them with the findings on UGI endoscopic examination.

Patients and Methods:
This observational cross-sectional study was carried out from August 2019 to December 2020 in the adult patients presenting with UGI complaints. The patients underwent UGI endoscopy at Yenepoya Medical College Hospital, Mangalore, a tertiary care centre in southern Indian state of Karnataka. Endoscopies were performed as per the standard protocol with diagnosis based on accepted criteria.

Results:
A total of 450 subjects (mean age: 49.14 ± 13.9; range, 19–89; 322 [71.5%] men) were included. Among the diagnostic indications, dyspeptic symptom seen in 176 (39.1%) patients was the most frequent indication in this study cohort, followed by reflux in 73 (16.2%) patients, UGI bleeding in 69 (15.34%) patients (portal hypertensive bleeding was found to be more common than nonvariceal bleed (49:20). Antral gastritis was seen in 112 (24.9%) patients. Ninety (20%) patients were found to have esophageal varices and 47 (10.4%) had esophagitis. Biopsy showed 25.3% to be positive for Helicobacter pylori. Forty-seven (10.45%) patients with a mean age 32 ± 6.8 years with dyspeptic symptoms but no alarming symptoms had normal endoscopic examination.

Conclusion:
Antral gastritis was the most common endoscopic finding in patients with dyspeptic symptoms. Portal hypertension was a more common cause of UGI bleeding compared to duodenal ulcers. While the majority of the patients presenting with heartburn had esophagitis, nonerosive esophagitis was observed in 3.2% of patients.
Androgenetic Alopecia
Authors: Enitan Ademola Olusegun , Olasode Olayinka Abimbola , Onayemi Olaniyi Emmanuel , Ajani Atinuke Arinola , Oninla Olumayowa Abimbola , Olanrewaju Fatai Olatunde , Oripelaye Mufutau Muphy 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common hair disorder resulting from a combination of genetic, hormonal, and nutritional factors. It may be associated with psychological, social, and emotional disturbances in the affected individuals and this may lead to a significant reduction in the quality of life (QoL).

Aim:
This study determined the impacts of AGA on the QoL among a Nigerian population.

Patients, Materials and Methods:
This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study involving 110 adults with AGA. Adult patients with AGA attending dermatology clinic were consecutively recruited after obtaining an informed consent. The QoL was assessed with Hairdex questionnaire.

Results:
The mean age of the study participants was 43.45 ± 11.72 years (age range of 23–82 years) with male-to-female ratio of 14.7:1. The AGA duration ranged from 2 to 38 years, with a mean duration of 11.5 ± 4.2 years. Significant impairment in QoL was observed among the subjects in the Hairdex domains of symptoms, functioning, emotion, stigmatization, and self-confidence. Subjects who have previously been treated were more affected compared to those who were new and were yet to receive any treatment.

Conclusion:
Significant proportion of individuals with AGA experience enormous impairment in the QoL, indicating the need for psychosocial support while managing such patients.
The Risk of Subsequent Malignancies in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Lu Yu-Cheng , Tsai Yu-Chieh , Chow Po-Ming , Weng Wen-Ching , Huang Wei-Yi , Chueh Shih-Chieh Jeff , Liu Kao-Lang , Huang Kuo-How 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
The purpose was to investigate the risk of subsequent malignancies in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) using hospital-based cancer registry database and a nationwide health insurance database.

Materials and Methods:
We used the following three databases: Cancer Registry Database of National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH), National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD), and registry for catastrophic illness patients, a subset from NHIRD. We identified patients with RCC and analyzed the risk of subsequent malignancies in these patients.

Results:
Of the 1188 patients with RCC treated at NTUH, 141 (11.9%) had subsequent malignancies. Cancers in the colon, liver, prostate, lung and stomach were the five most common other primary malignancies. The nationwide analysis showed that 4.68% of the RCC patients had subsequent malignancies. The percentage was significantly higher than that in the general population in Taiwan. The five most common subsequent malignancies in patients with RCC were bladder, liver, colon, lung, and prostate cancer. The risk of developing these subsequent cancers in RCC patients was also significantly higher than that in the general population.

Conclusion:
Subsequent malignancies were noted in a high proportion of patients with RCC in Taiwan. It is a multifactorial process and the mechanism is still uncertain. This important issue warrants further studies to elucidate the mechanism.
Safety and Efficacy of Laparoendoscopic Single-Site Donor Nephrectomy
Authors: Lin Chung-Yu , Li Ching-Chia , Ke Hung-Lung , Wu Wen-Jeng , Chou Yii-Her , Wen Sheng-Chen 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
Laparoscopic living-donor nephrectomy is the main technique at high-volume renal transplant centers. Laparoendoscopic single-site donor nephrectomy (LESS-DN) is s an evolutionary minimally invasive surgery, which could be performed by transperitoneal or retroperitoneal approaches. We present a retrospective analysis of our single-institution donor nephrectomy series comparing the transperitoneal to retroperitoneal LESS-DN regarding operative outcomes.

Materials and Methods:
Seventeen patients who underwent LESS-DN from 2017–2020 were enrolled at our center. The same surgeon performed all cases. The two approaches were compared for the operation time, blood loss, warm ischemia time (WIT), postoperative pain, length of stay (LOS), postoperative wound size, postoperative pain, and the postoperative renal function for twelve months retrospectively.

Results:
Operating time (257 vs. 180 min, P = 0.016) and LOS (6.5 vs. 5 days, P = 0.013) were significantly longer in the transperitoneal group. The postoperative wound size (47.5 vs. 75 mm, P = 0.038) was substantially smaller in the transperitoneal group. There was no significant difference in other parameters, including blood loss, WIT, complication rate, and postoperative pain from day one to day three.

Conclusion:
Retroperitoneal LESS-DN results in similar perioperative outcomes as transperitoneal LESS-DN without compromising donor safety and providing a faster operation time, shorter LOS, and a trend toward a shorter WIT. Both approach methods may be safe and effective procedures for living kidney transplantation.
BİSKÜVİ ÜRETİM HATLARINDA HAZIRLIK SÜRELERİNİN AZALTILMASINA YÖNELİK YALIN ÜRETİM VE SMED UYGULAMASI
Authors: SARIKAYA Hüseyin Ali , SOYDEMİR Emine Kübra , SARDAŞ Beyza , ÇAYIR ERVURAL Beyza , ŞEN Durrmuş Tayyar 
Published: August 2022

Kalıp değişimi, çeşitli ürünler üreten tesislerde verimliliği etkileyen önemli bir faktördür. Kalıp değişim sürelerinin uzaması ve kalıp değişimi sonrasında istenilen kalitenin elde edilememesi büyük bir zaman kaybına neden olabilmektedir. Aynı zamanda, kalıp değişimi için standart olmayan prosedürler, değişim sürecini daha da zorlaştırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, bir bisküvi üretim tesisinin üretim hatlarındaki kalıp değiştirme sorunları incelenmiştir. Tesiste üretilen her ürün için hamur açma makinesi ve paketleme makinesinde kalıp değişiklikleri yapılmakta ve her değişimde üretim hattı temizlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, makine kalıp değişimindeki kayıp zamanları azaltmaya yönelik SMED (Single Minute Exchange of Die: Tekli Dakikalarda Kalıp Değişimi) yaklaşımı ve 5S ile mevcut durum analiz edilmiş ve iyileştirmeler yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma sonucunda dış hazırlık süresinde %26,91, iç hazırlık süresinde %20,74 ve toplam hazırlık süresinde %21,05'lik iyileştirme gerçekleştirilmiş, yıllık üretim miktarı ve kârda ise %3,8 oranında artış sağlanmıştır.
Bu çalışmada Kaizen, Poka-yoke ve SMED teknikleriyle 3 aşamalı bir yapı ile bisküvi üretim tesisleri için kalıp değişim süreçlerinde iyileştirmeler yalın üretim teknikleri ve ergonomik değerlendirmeler eşliğinde yapılmıştır.
Using multiple lenses to explore how an undergraduate curriculum supports pharmacy students’ patient-centred competency development
Authors: Aspden Trudi , Butler Rachael , Bye Lynne , Petersen Lynne 
Published: August 2022

Background: This study explores how a Bachelor of Pharmacy curriculum supports students’ holistic patient-centred competency development.
Methods: This mixed-method exploratory study identified patient-centred care themes through a literature review. The themes were mapped to a curriculum. They also informed staff and student focus groups, and student, intern, and preceptor surveys. Qualitative data were thematically analysed, descriptive statistics were generated from quantitative data and the findings triangulated.
Results: Six themes and 22 subthemes were identified and mapped. Attributes synthesised from subthemes, were explored via surveys. Eight staff and 20 students participated in four focus groups. The influence of people, immersive learning experiences and learning variety were identified as key facilitators for competency development. 51 students, 18 interns and 51 preceptors completed the questionnaires. The responses validated the themes and attributes and identified curricular strengths and gaps.
Conclusion: A multi-step study incorporating triangulation generated a comprehensive and confirming overview of curriculum components, which led to pharmacy students’ development of patient-centred competencies.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK ANORGANIK DAN URINE KAMBING TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN MENTIMUN (Cucumis sativus)
Authors: Gultom Fransiskus , Hernawaty Hernawaty , Sinukaban Perdianta , Karo-karo Selamat 
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan: 1. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk Calcium Amonium Nitrate terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman mentimun (Cucumis sativus); 2. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk urine kambing terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman mentimun (Cucumis sativus); dan 3. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi pemberian pupuk Calcium Amonium Nitrate dan pupuk urine kambing terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman mentimun (Cucumis sativus). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan pola faktorial 3x4 dengan 3 ulangan dengan total kombinasi perlakuan sebanyak 12 perlakuan. Faktor yang diteliti adalah pengaruh pemberian pupuk calcium amonium nitrate dan urine kambing terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman mentimun (Cucumis sativus). Faktor dosis pupuk Calcium Amonium Nitrate (C) terdiri atas 3 taraf, yaitu: C1 = 100g per plot, C2 = 150g per plot, dan C3 = 200g per plot, sedangkan Faktor dosis urine kambing (U) terdiri atas 4 taraf, yaitu: U0 = 0ml per plot, U1 = 100ml per plot, U2 = 200ml per plot, dan U3 = 300ml per plot. Dari hasil penelitian dan pembahasan yang dilakukan, diperoleh kesimpulan antara lain: 1) Pemberian pupuk Calcium Amonium Nitrate terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman mentimun memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda tidak nyata, 2. Pemberian urine kambing terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman mentimun memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda tidak nyata, dan 3. Tidak ada pengaruh interaksi dengan pemberian pupuk Calcium Amonium Nitrate dan urine kambing terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman mentimun.
ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH DAN TATANIAGA GULA AREN (Arenga pinnata) DI DESA RUMAH GALUH,KECAMATAN SEI BINGAI KABUPATEN LANGKAT, PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Gultom Lilis S , Saragih Wilmar 
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: mengetahui nilai tambah dan besarnya yang diperoleh pada pengolahan gula aren di Desa Rumah Galuh, Kecamatan Sei Bingai, Kabupaten Langkat, mengetahui mata rantai, fungsi, dan margin tataniaga petani gula aren di Desa Rumah Galuh, Kecamatan Sei Bingai, Kabupaten Langkat, mengetahui tataniaga yang efisien pada petani gula aren di Desa Rumah Galuh, Kecamatan Sei Bingai, Kabupaten Langkat dan mengetahui besarnya pendapatan petani gula aren di Desa Rumah Galuh, Kecamatan Sei Bingai, Kabupaten Langkat. Penentuan lokasi penelitian ini ditentukan secara purposive (sengaja) yaitu di Desa Rumah Galuh, Kecamatan Sei Bingai, Kabupaten Langkat. Sampel pada penelitian ini merupakan pengrajin gula aren. Adapun sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah: petani gula aren (12 orang), pedagang pengumpul (3 orang), pedagang besar (1 orang), dan pedagang pengecer (4 orang). Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebayak 12 populasi dan semua digunakan sebagai sampel. Analisis nilai tambah menggunakan metode Hayami, sedangkan analisis tataniga dan pendapatan dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai tambah rata-rata pengolahan nira menjadi gula aren di daerah penelitian Rp.1.335,33/kg1.335,33/kg, dengan rasio nilai tambah sebesar 57,06 % > 50 % artinya nilai tambah tersebut tergolong tinggi. Terdapat tiga saluran tataniaga gula aren di daerah penelitian. Saluran tataniaga I yaitu : produsen ® pedagang pengumpul ® pedagang pengecer ® konsumen, saluran tataniaga II yaitu : produsen ® pedagang pengumpul ® pedagang besar ® pedagang pengecer ® konsumen, serta saluran tataniaga III yaitu : produsen ® pedagang pengecer ® konsumen. Share margin yang diterima oleh produsen (petani gula aren) lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan share margin yang diterima oleh pedagang pada ketiga saluran tataniaga. Efisiensi saluran tataniaga (1) sebesar 6,56 %, efisiensi saluran tataniaga (2) sebesr 7,74 % dan efisiensi saluran tataniaga (3) sebesar 6,41 %. Ketiga saluran pemasaran tergolong efisien dimana saluran tataniaga (3) lebih efisien dari saluran tataniaga (1) dan (2). Pendapatan bersih pengolahan nira menjadi gula aren di daerah penelitian sebesar Rp. 3.145.231,18/bulan.