bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’étang piscicole de barrage sur la balance : L’abattement de la contamination des eaux par les étangs est-il un service de poids ?
Authors: Banas Damien , Le Cor François , Gaillard Juliette , Dufour Vincent , Iuretig Alain , Hartmeyer Pamela , Soligot-Hognon Claire , Slaby Sylvain 
Published: June 2022

Les étangs de barrage, élément d’origine anthropique, induisent une rupture du continuum écologique du cours d’eau de tête de bassin versant. Pour cette raison, leur gestion voire leur maintien ou leur effacement sont régulièrement questionnés. Ces milieux aquatiques sont également susceptibles de rendre divers services (ex. production de poisson, soutien à l’économie rural, zone d’intérêt pour la faune et en particulier l’ichtyofaune). Si ces éléments ne constituent pas un atout dans le cadre de la réglementation sur l’eau (ex. DCE, LEMA), le « bon état » des masses d’eau peut être mis à mal par cette discontinuité. Peu étudiés, les impacts positifs et négatifs de la présence d’étang de barrage nécessitent d’être évalués avec précision. Cet article s’attache à faire le point sur le service de remédiation (i.e. rétention de contaminants au sein de l’étang) induit par l’étang de barrage et mis en évidence par nos études menées en France. Si l’étang ne semble pas constituer un outil intéressant pour réduire la contamination des cours d’eau par les éléments traces métalliques, nos travaux montrent une réduction des concentrations et quantités de nutriments en aval de l’étang, ainsi qu’une réduction de près de 60 % de la somme des pesticides. Une rétention est également observée pour les produits de transformation des pesticides qui sont déjà quantifiés dans le cours d’eau de tête de bassin, en amont de l’étang. Ces résultats montrent que l’impact de l’étang sur le bon état de la masse d’eau résulte de mécanismes biologiques et chimiques complexes. Selon les priorités de gestion (i.e. rétablissement du continuum écologique ; maitrise des concentrations en pesticides), les décisions de gestion de ces plans d’eau pourront alors s’avérer elles-mêmes complexes.
Alternatives for selection of carioca common bean lines that combine upright plants and slow grain darkening
Authors: Lemos Roxane do Carmo , Caixeta Getúlio Ferreira , Silva Reberth Renato da , Abreu Ângela de Fátima Barbosa , Ramalho Magno Antonio Patto 
Published: June 2022

In Brazil, there is an increasing demand for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars having Carioca-type (cream-colored seed coat with brown stripes) beans which have a light color that persists for a longer time combined with the most possible upright plant architecture. However, plant breeders are finding it difficult to combine these two traits in the same cultivar. The aim of this study was to compare success in the selection of new common bean lines that combine the two traits in segregating populations with 25%, 50%, or 75% of the alleles from the parents contrasting in upright plant architecture or in bean grains with persistent light color. A biparental cross was performed between a parent with light-colored beans (P1) and another with upright plants (P2). Three populations were obtained from the F1 seeds, with allelic frequencies of 75%, 50%, and 25% of P1. Subsequently, progenies were evaluated in a similar number in each population in the F2:3, F2:4, F2:5, and F2:6 generations. The plant architecture (PA) and grain darkening (GD) traits were visually evaluated using a scoring scale. Genetic and phenotypic parameters were estimated for all generations. There was no expressive advantage in using populations with a greater allele proportion of the parent favorable to upright plant architecture or slow grain darkening either in releasing of variability or in the occurrence of progenies with favorable phenotypes for the two traits.
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and proliferative marker ki67 in colonic carcinoma
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Singh Neha , Kataria Sant Prakash , Kandoi Shruti , Verma Meena , Sen Rajeev 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Tumor grade employed for colorectal cancer has long been based on the degree of differentiation, which is difficult to judge objectively. The aim of this study was to assess the immunohistochemical expression of p21 and ki67 and their correlation with the histological grading of colorectal carcinoma.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 45 biopsy specimens of colorectal cancer were pathologically reviewed and correlation of grade and differentiation of tumor was performed with immunostaining.

Results:
Ki 67 and p21 markers showed inverse relationship. An inverse relationship of p21 was found with tumor grade, differentiation, Dukes staging and lymph node status, whereas no correlation could be found between these parameters and ki67 expression.

Conclusion:
We found that p21 can be used to assess the grading and metastatic potential of colorectal carcinoma whereas increased Ki67 expression can help us in the diagnosis of malignancy.
Topical Herbal Therapeutic Formulation used in the Management of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders – A Systematic Review
Authors: Dhanvanth M , Maheswari T N Uma 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are divided into two groups precancerous lesions, a benign lesion with morphologically altered tissue, which has a greater than normal risk of transforming into malignancy, and precancerous conditions, a disease or patient's habit that does not necessarily alter the appearance of local tissues but is associated with a greater or normal risk of precancerous lesion or cancer development in that tissue.

Aim:
This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of topical herbal therapeutics in the management of potentially malignant oral disorders.

Objective:
Primary objective was to evaluate the efficiency of tulsi, aloe vera, and turmeric in the management of OPMDs, and the secondary objective was to determine the herbal therapeutic response in patients with oral leukoplakia oral sub, mucous fibrosis, and lichen planus.

Data Sources and Search Methods:
The search was done using the MeSH [medical subject headings] terms and keyword search in the electronic databases, namely Pub Med and Google Scholar. The studies included in this systematic review were identified by a comprehensive search from the electronic search engines like Pub Med Advanced search (from April up to January 2021) and Google scholar. The search yielded 39 articles out of which 11 articles were only included based on the inclusion criteria.

Data Collection and Analysis:
All the studies included were based on the data extraction and analysis of the studies for quality. The outcome measure evaluated the reduction in burning sensation, mouth opening, and clinical resolution of the lesion.

Results:
A total of 39 articles were included in this systematic review from electronic searches using Pub Med advanced search and Google scholar.

Conclusion:
For management of oral submucous fibrosis topical aloe vera gel showed 90% of complete clinical response, oral lichen planus topical tulsi and turmeric gel showed 90% complete clinical response, and only two studies were conducted on oral leukoplakia which had a high risk of bias; hence, this systematic review does not yield to a piece of conclusive evidence for the management of oral leukoplakia using topical herbal therapeutics.
Determining the Probability of Malignant Transformation of Tobacco-Induced Oral Leukoplakia using Tissue p53 as a Prognostic Marker – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ramesh Bhargavi , Aswath Nalini , Shyamsundar Vidhya Rani 
Published: June 2022

Context:
The concept of field cancerization necessitates substantiation of clinical assessment and histopathological examination by molecular markers. Molecular tumor biomarkers such as p53 protein overexpression aid in assessing the malignant transformation of such potentially malignant oral lesions.

Aim:
To identify the molecular changes in oral leukoplakia by studying the immunoexpression of tissue p53 and correlating it with the clinical and histological findings to establish an appropriate treatment plan.

Methods and Material:
Biopsy samples taken from 25 oral leukoplakia cases were subjected to histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis to determine the percentage positivity of p53 expression. Histopathological grading was based on dysplastic features and level of epithelial involvement. Dysplasia grading in IHC sections was estimated by p53% positivity in the cells. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis.

Results:
24 samples were considered for statistical analysis due to the loss of epithelium in the IHC section of one sample. The results showed a statistically significant association between histopathological and IHC grading of dysplasia with a P value less than 0.05 in Fisher Exact test.

Conclusion:
Increased expressions of p53 in potentially malignant oral lesions are proportional to the risk of malignancy. The gold standard histopathological result does not reveal the molecular abnormality associated with a potentially malignant oral lesion. Therefore molecular analysis of such lesions will aid in the effective prevention of oral cancer.
Potential Economic and Environmental Benefits of Faecal Sludge Derived Compost and Char Briquettes: The case of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Mkude Isabela T , Kimwaga Richard , Gabrielsson Sara 
Published: June 2022

The concept of resource recovery, particularly from waste has recently gained much attention and popularity. The aim of this study was to quantify the potential economic and environmental benefits of recovering nutrients and energy from faecal sludge (FS). The empirical data were collected from three unplanned settlements of Dar es Salaam City at Keko, Kipawa and Manzese. Two scenarios were developed to recover nutrients and energy. The estimations of potential amounts of compost and char briquettes were performed by using the resource value mapping (REVAMP) tool. Results from REVAMP indicated daily economic benefits across the study areas ranging between 680 and 950 USD for energy and up to 7,000 USD for nutrients recovered, based on the faecal sludge composition. In general, FS derived compost was found more profitable than FS derived briquettes. The analyzed environmental benefits include saving the estimated to 5 hectares of forest area from being cut when substituting the use of wood charcoal with FS-derived briquettes. Since the composting process resulted to be more profitable option between the two, this study recommends the adoption and scaling up. However, guidelines and standards should be developed for proper practices.
Keywords: Faecal sludge; resource recovery; resource value mapping; briquettes; compost; economic benefits; environmental benefits
Modelling Internet Traffic Streams with Ga/M/1/K Queuing Systems under Self-similarity
Authors: Popoola Judoka , Popoola Olusogo J , Olaniran Oyebayo R 
Published: June 2022

High-intensity concurrent arrivals of request packets in Internet traffic can cause dependence of event-to-event-times of the requests being served, which causes non-memoryless, modelled with heavy-tail distributions unlike common known traffics. The performance of Internet traffic can be examined using analytical models for the purpose of optimizing the system to reduce its operating costs. Therefore, our study examined a Ga/M/1/K Internet queue class (Gamma arrival processes, Ga; with memoryless-Poisson service process, M; a single server, 1, and K waiting room) and proposed specific derivations of its performance indicators. Real-life data of a corporate organisation Internet server was monitored at both peak and off-peak periods of its usage for Internet traffic data analysis. The minimum ‘0’ in the arrival process indicates self-similarity and was assessed using Hurst parameter, H, and their (standard deviation). ‘H’ > 0.5 arrival process in the peak period only, indicates self-similarity. Performance of Ga/M/1/K was compared with various queuing Internet traffic models used in existing literatures. Results showed that the value of the waiting room size for Ga/M/1/K has closest ties with true self-similar model at peak-periods usage of the Internet, which indicates possible concurrent arrival of clients' requests leading to more usage of the waiting room, but with light-tailed queue model at the off-peak periods. Therefore, the proposed Ga/M/1/K model can assist in evaluating the performance of high-intensity self-similar Internet traffic.
Keywords: Internet traffic; self-similarity; Ga/M/1/K model; gamma distribution
Avian Use of Habitat Patches Dominated by Exotic Leucaena leucocephala or Native Tree Species in Urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Werema Chacha , Wilson Charles 
Published: June 2022

There has been an incursion of an exotic Leucaena leucocephala in disturbed areas and into habitat patches of native tree species in some areas in Tanzania. However, the impacts of this exotic tree on native biodiversity are not well understood. We assessed bird use of habitat patches dominated by L. leucocephala in comparison to patches of native tree species at the University of Dar es Salaam main campus, Tanzania, by comparing bird species richness, abundance and diversity using mist netting. Based on the same mist netting efforts in each habitat patch type, patches of native trees had significantly higher overall diversity (t = 1.999, df = 293.64, p < 0.05) and abundance (χ2 = 40.525, df = 1, p < 0.001) of birds than those dominated by the exotic L. leucocephala and significantly greater abundance of forest-dependent species (χ2 = 10.938, df = 1, p < 0.001) and forest visitors (χ2 = 15.258, df = 1, p < 0.001). The similarity in bird species between the two habitats was 0.658 indicating that many bird species occurred in both habitat types. The lower diversity and overall abundance of birds in the patches dominated by the exotic plant suggest that it does not provide appropriate habitat for many bird species, and further spread of this exotic will be detrimental to the local avifauna.
Keywords: Birds, diversity, native tree species, exotic tree species, Leucaena leucocephala.
On the Issue of Implementing Criminal Law Axioms in the Form of Presumptions
Authors: Кабанов В.М. 
Published: June 2022

В статье проведен анализ процесса реализации уголовноправовой аксиомы в форме презумпции, рассмотрены понятия правовой аксиомы и презумпции, приведены примеры закрепления в уголовном праве конкретных правовых аксиом в виде презумпций. Автором сделан вывод о том, что уголовно-правовая аксиома может быть реализована в форме правовой презумпции лишь в косвенном виде, в связи с чем существование такой аксиомы может быть установлено только путем применения той или иной нормы к процедуре грамматического и логического толкования.
The article analyzes the process of implementing criminal law axioms in the form of presumption, considers concepts of legal axiom and presumption, provides examples of consolidating specific legal axioms in the form of presumptions in criminal law. The author concludes that the criminal law axiom can be implemented in the form of a legal presumption only indirectly, and therefore the existence of such an axiom can be established only by applying one or another norm to the procedure of grammatical and logical interpretation.
Violation of the Accused Person’s Right to Defense: Who Is to Blame?
Authors: Черемисина Т.В. 
Published: June 2022

В статье исследуются дефиниции следственных ошибок и причины их появления в практической деятельности субъектов уголовного процесса. Рассмотрены случаи возвращения уголовных дел судами прокурору в случае обнаружения нарушений права обвиняемого на защиту стороной защиты, а не обвинения. Приводятся актуальные примеры возвращения уголовных дел для устранения препятствий к их рассмотрению судами в порядке ст. 237 УПК РФ. Следователям предлагаются рекомендации по действиям после выявления нарушений уголовно-процессуального закона со стороны защитника. Автор обращает внимание на необходимость привлечения адвокатов к дисциплинарной ответственности при выявлении нарушений законодательства
The article examines definitions of investigative errors and reasons for their appearance in practical activities of the subjects of criminal proceedings. It considers cases of the return of criminal cases by the court to the prosecutor, in case the accused person’s right to defense is violated by the defense, and not by the prosecution. Actual examples of the return of criminal cases to eliminate obstacles to their consideration by the court in accordance with Article 237 of the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation are given. The work presents recommendations for investigators regarding their actions after detection of violations of the criminal procedural law by the defender. The author draws attention to the need to bring lawyers to disciplinary liability when detecting violations of the law
Las TIC una aproximación teórica
Authors: Garófalo-García Ruth Noemí , Avellaneda-Callirgos Lolo , León Julio César Tay , Vilchez Shirley Tatiana Bustamante , García Angelo Guerrero , Melendez Ingrid Milagros Albán , Dávila Alberto Lachos , Luque Celso Huanca 
Published: June 2022

El objetivo del presente artículo de revisión es identificar las aproximaciones teóricas elaboradas acerca de las TIC en las universidades del Ecuador y América Latina. El método utilizado ha sido el teórico, básico y sistemático y para fundamentar y sustentar la literatura a utilizarse se han seleccionado bases de datos indexadas y de reconocimiento científico internacional que cumplan con los estamentos establecidos por organismos internacionales de investigación, dichas revistas en las cuales se fundamenta este estudio fueron Erick, Scielo, Google Académico, Revista Espacios, Scopus, Alteridad y Redalyc, todas estas reconocidas mundialmente y pertenecen a los países Latinoamericanos, Europa y no podría faltar 2 revistas ecuatorianas. Así mismo se seleccionaron 50 artículos de los cuales 20 fueron elegidos por tener una relación directa con la variable del presente estudio. Los años considerados oscilan entre el 2016 hasta el 2020. Resultados, Se considera también que el bagaje de información que se encontró en la red es amplia y muy nutrida, existen muchos artículos actualizados que hablan de las TIC y el uso que las universidades en el Ecuador y América Latina le están dando. Conclusiones, las TIC en la actualidad se han convertido en potenciales de aprendizaje, investigación y estudio.
sistemas de espaços livres como instrumento de leitura da morfologia urbana e suas implicações sócio ambientais no Município do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Tângari Vera Regina 
Published: June 2022

Esse texto introduz as questões debatidas e estudadas por pesquisadores, professores, profissionais e estudantes, no âmbito do Grupo de Pesquisas Sistemas de Espaços Livres no Rio de Janeiro-SEL/RJ do PROARQ-UFRJ, entre 2007 e 2021, a respeito dos sistemas de espaços livres nas nossas cidades e regiões. Estabelece como marco a discussão de pesquisas que evidenciam os aspectos do acesso e do uso dos espaços livres de edificação nas cidades brasileiras, com foco no Estado e no Município do Rio de Janeiro, e seu rebatimento sobre a esfera pública, em termos de gestão, projeto e apropriação. Apresenta os pressupostos aplicados para análise do papel dos espaços livres de edificação na configuração urbana do Município do Rio de Janeiro. Esses espaços tem função importante no processo de constituição da forma, na caracterização de tecidos urbanos e na definição de centralidades que se concentram em torno e ao longo dos espaços livres de circulação e permanência: ruas, avenidas, praças, largos. Os estudos realizados auxiliam no entendimento sobre os aspectos observados relativos à segregação sócio espacial presente no Município do Rio de Janeiro.
Análise qualitativa das preparações do cardápio de um restaurante universitário
Authors: Ribeiro Sabbagh Melissa Ionara , De Albuquerque Barbosa Maria Cristina , Carneiro Angélica Cotta Lobo Leite 
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Analisar as preparações de um cardápio oferecido aos estudantes universitários. Métodos: Para análise do cardápio foi utilizado o método de Análise Qualitativa das Preparações do Cardápio (AQPC). Foram avaliados os cardápios das refeições servidas no almoço de segunda a sexta, elaborados para o mês de abril de 2019. Os cardápios foram analisados seguindo os seguintes critérios: oferecimento de folhosos e frutas, monotonia de cores, presença de duas ou mais preparações ricas em enxofre, oferta de carne gordurosa, frituras, de forma isolada ou associadas aos doces e a oferta de doces como sobremesa. Resultados: De acordo com o método AQPC os cardápios apresentaram ofertas diárias de frutas, folhosos e doces (100%). A ocorrência de carnes gordurosas, de alimentos ricos em enxofre e da monotonia de cores foram 57,1%, 47,6% e 38,1%, respectivamente. Já os critérios fritura, fritura associada a doces, apresentaram percentuais de ocorrência bem reduzidos (9,5%). Conclusão: Foi possível observar que o cardápio do RU apresenta-se adequado com relação à presença diária de verduras e frutas e a baixa ocorrência de fritura e fritura mais doce. Com relação à oferta de carnes gordurosas e alimentos ricos em enxofre, alguns ajustes precisam ser implementados para melhorar a qualidade do cardápio. A ocorrência diária de doces deve ser objeto de atenção quanto ao planejamento dos cardápios, em função dos possíveis riscos de doenças crônicas na população atendida.
Biocombustíveis: uma revisão sobre o panorama histórico, produção e aplicações do biogás
Authors: Huch Duarte Victória , Valentini Marlon , Santos Gabriel Borges dos , Nadaletti Willian Cezar , Muller Vieira Bruno 
Published: June 2022

A dependência global em relação aos combustíveis fósseis como fonte de energia vem gerando preocupações diante dos elevados índices de poluição ambiental e sua característica não renovável. Fontes alternativas renováveis ​​e promissoras de energia, como o biogás, têm sido amplamente estudadas e discutidas na busca de um futuro mais sustentável. Este trabalho revisa as perspectivas de produção dos biocombustíveis, com foco especial no biogás. O presente estudo é então, um trabalho de revisão que busca definições que esclarecem sobre os processos de produção de biogás, esclarecendo quais as matérias-primas podem ser utilizadas, bem como sua composição e utilizações no mercado. Conforme apresentado nesta revisão, o biogás apresenta-se como uma alternativa viável de energia renovável e sustentável para a crescente demanda mundial por energia, encontrando-se em constante expansão de produção. Ainda, essa revisão salienta que a aplicação de tecnologias para purificação do biogás permite a utilização deste biocombustível como fonte energética de excelente qualidade oportunizando a redução do consumo de gás natural, minimizando a dependência dos combustíveis fósseis, contribuindo para o balanço energético global e reduzindo significativamente as emissões dos gases de efeito estufa.