bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of mandibular nerve block in unilateral mandibular fracture to evaluate the mouth opening for assessment of airway
Authors: Prasad Mukesh Kumar , Jain Payal , Alam Alauddin , Varshnay Rohit Kumar , Rani Kanchan , Chaudhary Amit Kumar 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Facial area is one of the most frequently injured area of the body, accounting for 23–97% of all facial fractures. Treatments under general anesthesia as those for maxillofacial fractures or infections is a highly complicated and a major challenging task in trismus associated patients. The main culprit in trismus is the increase muscle tone of masticatory muscles which are supplied via the mandibular nerve, blocking which could help increase the mouth opening thus, changing the whole of airway management.

Material and Method:
A prospective study was done on 50 patients of ASA grade I-II with unilateral mandibular fracture with trismus posted for maxillofacial surgery. Mandibular nerve block was given via extraoral approach with 5 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine using peripheral nerve stimulator to determine the difference in Pre block and Post block mouth opening and the VAS score at 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes.

Results:
The Interincisor distance measured Pre block was 1.20 ± 0.32 mm and was significantly increased after 5 mins onwards from the block (P < 0.005). The VAS score determined Pre block was 5.14 ± 1.37 which significantly decreased just 2 minutes after the application of block (P < 0.005).

Conclusion:
Mandibular nerve block decreases the pain and will aid in the decision making by an anesthetist regarding airway management as it helps in increasing the inter incisor distance significantly. Moreover, given the feasibility and effectiveness of the block it could be included in standard of care protocol for mandibular fracture patients.
Weight Estimation Study of ABT-18 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Shinkafi Ahmed A. , Mohammed Ameer , Isah Abubakar , Olisaemeka Ananwune C. 
Published: March 2022

During the design process of any aircraft, weight is the most important variable. The cost of the aircraft and its performance depend on its weight to achieve its planned mission. This work estimated the weight of a converted ABT-18 aircraft to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) which could be deployed for long-endurance surveillance missions. The study revealed that after all the modifications, the all-up mass (AUM) of 841 kg of the ABT-18 standard version is reduced to 789 kg for the ABT-18 UAV. Additionally, the operating empty mass of 538 kg of the ABT-18 standard version was reduced to 471 kg for the ABT-18 UAV. Thus, a reasonable amount of weight was reduced from the ABT-18 aircraft. Consequently, ABT-18 UAV performance will be improved; since the aircraft weight is reduced and will result in less fuel consumption and less emission of harmful gases. Keywords— Aircraft Performance, Environmental Emission, Surveillance and Weight Estimation.
Structural Health Monitoring in Nigeria: Bridging the Gap Between Literature and Practical Application
Authors: Uzodinma Franklin C. , Onodagu Peter D. , Aginam Henry C. 
Published: March 2022

Structures are designed to withstand several environmental loading conditions and to ensure the safe transfer of these loads to the foundation within specified periods. However, loss of lives and adverse economic effects are potential problems caused by the collapse of structures. Operational and structural health monitoring (SHM) for buildings can be used to mitigate building failure in Nigeria. Damage detection with the use of camera-based techniques, ground penetration radar (GPR), fibre optic sensors (FOS), and piezoelectric films are considered in this study. These techniques were analysed from available literature to evaluate their application and validate their effectiveness concerning availability, practical application, operational evaluation, data acquisition, and processing. This study characterizes the performance of SHM systems, how they can be used, and their availability in Nigeria. Consequently, proposing BHM as a tool for building failure mitigation in Nigeria. Keywords— Building health monitoring (BHM), Ground penetration radar (GPR), Fibre optic sensors (FOS), Piezoelectric films, Building failure in Nigeria, Vision-based technique
Comparative Evaluation of Railway Ballast Degradation
Authors: Mohammed Ashiru , Amartey Yusuf D. , Murana Abdulfatai A. , Lawan Adamu 
Published: March 2022

Ballast bed is one of the most important components of ballasted railway track system. Over a period of service, it undergoes axial deformation due to the accumulation of train cyclic loading. However, there has not been a universally accepted method of evaluating ballast degradation, hence, this study focused on comparing two most common methods namely; Marsal breakage ratio and fouling index (FI). The degraded ballast material was prepared using Los Angeles abrasion (LAA) method at an interval of 250 turns of the LAA test drum, from the fresh ballast to degraded ballast at 2000 turns of the LAA test drum. Series of sieve analysis were conducted and the changes in ballast gradations were evaluated. A strong correlation was observed between the results obtained using the two approaches with a coefficient of determination of 99.24%. Based on the results obtained from the ballast degradation analysis both Marsal’s breakage ratio and the fouling index can be used for the evaluation of ballast degradation. However, Marsal’s breakage index is recommended due to its ability to give the breakdown of the particle size variations. Keywords: Ballast degradation; fouling; Los Angeles Abrasion; gradations; breakage ratio
Optimization of Impacts of Eggs from Different Birds, Oven Temperature and Oven Rack Speed on the Physicochemical Properties of Cupcakes
Authors: Sanusi Mayowa S. , Sunmonu Musliu O. , Fakolujo Abayomi I. , Sani Rafat , Abdulazeez Abdulwasiu L. 
Published: March 2022

Consumers’ demand for healthy snacks necessitates the need to study the impacts of eggs from different birds, oven temperature and oven rack speed on the physicochemical properties of cupcakes. A developed rotary oven with varied oven temperature (130°C, 150°C and 170°C), oven rack speed (0, 10 rpm and 20 rpm) and egg-type (Exotic chicken eggs, Turkey eggs and Local fowl eggs) were interacted using Face Centered Composite Design of Response Surface Methodology (FCCD-RSM). The physicochemical properties (baking time, product mass, product height and proximate composition) of the cupcakes produced were determined using standard procedures. The physicochemical properties were modelled using polynomial regression models and accuracy were determined using coefficient of determination (R2). The optimizer of FCCD-RSM was used to optimize protein content of the cupcakes. The baking time ranged from 28.50 min to 52.50 min, product height (3.82 to 4.20 mm) and product mass (36 to 36.67 g). The moisture content, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre, ash and carbohydrate content of the cupcakes ranges from 16.92 to 18.09%, 7.69 to 12.67%, 1.49% to 1.87%, 1.41% to 1.66%, 2.01% to 4.09% and 62.77 to 69.28%, respectively. The regression models were significant for product height, product mass, moisture content and crude protein content with R2 ranging from 0.81 - 0.95. Optimum protein content (12.77%) was obtained in cupcakes produced with Turkey egg at 170ºC oven temperature and 10 rpm oven rack speed. This study provided useful information about some underutilized birds eggs that can be explored to produce healthier cupcakes.Keywords— Birds Eggs, Cupcakes, Optimization, Oven temperature, Physicochemical properties
Dampak Human Capital, Structural Capital, Dan Costumer Capital Terhadap Kinerja Bisnis UMKM Di Tilamuta
Authors: Hasmirati Hasmirati , Akuba Alfin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study aims to determine and analyze how much impact human capital, structural capital, and customer capital have on the business performance of MSME workshops in Tilamuta sub-district. This research is quantitative research. The method of analysis using multiple linear regression. The results of the study show that, human capital, structural capital and customer capital simultaneously have a significant effect on the performance of the UMKM workshop business. Human capital partially has a significant effect on the business performance of MSME workshops because they have knowledge, expertise, and abilities. Structural capital partially has a significant effect on the business performance of MSME workshops including organizational culture, organizational structure, organizational learning, organizational processes and organizational systems. Partially, customer capital has a significant effect on MSME business performance. Bengel covers brand value, customer network, customer loyalty and customer satisfaction. Keywords: Human Capital, Structural Capital, Customer Capital and MSME Performance
Penerimaan Penduduk Sekitar Terhadap Pembangunan Borneo Samariang Resort Water Theme Park
Authors: Shaik Hussain Shaik Azahar , Kamuruddin Mohd Irfan Hazrain , Francisco Anna Hendryson 
Published: March 2022

Taman Tema Air Borneo Samariang merupakan taman tema air yang pertama diwujudkan di kepulauan Borneo yang terletak di Sarawak. Kajian ini dijalankan bagi mengetahui penerimaan penduduk Samariang terhadap penubuhan taman tema Borneo Samariang serta reaksi kedatangan penduduk Samariang terhadap taman tema tersebut. Seterusnya, menganalisis kesan penubuhan taman tema ini terhadap persekitaran Bandar Samariang. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif dalam mendapatkan data dan maklumat sepanjang menjalankan kajian. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa penduduk Samariang menerima pembaharuan yang telah dibawa ke kawasan kediaman mereka.
Analisis Tingkat Kognitif Soal Buku Matematika Peminatan Kelas XI Terbitan Mediatama Materi Irisan Kerucut dan Polinomial Berdasarkan Taksonomi Bloom
Authors: Yuniarti Mira , Hanifah Hanifah , Siagian Teddy Alfra 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sebaran tingkat kognitif soal pada buku teks matematika peminatan kelas XI terbitan Mediatama berdasarkan Taksonomi Bloom. Jenis penilitian yang dilakukan adalah adalah penelitian deskritif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah buku teks matematika peminatan kelas XI terbitan mediatama materi irisan kerucut dan polinomial. Instrumen penelitian yang dilakukan adalah lembar analisis dan lembar kesesuain tingkat kognitif. Metode pengumpulan data metode dokumentasi dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pada materi irisan kerucut dari 30 soal memiliki tingkat kognitif mengaplikasikan (C3) sebanyak 28 soal (93,3%), mengevaluasi (C5) sebanyak 2 soal (6,7%), serta tidak adanya tingkat kognitif mengingat (C1), memahami (C2), menganalisis (C4), dan mencipta (C6). Materi polinomial dari 29 soal memiliki tingkat kognitif mengaplikasikan (C3) sebanyak 25 soal (86,2%), menganalisis (C4) sebanyak 2 soal (6,9%), dan mengevaluasi (C5) sebayak 2 soal (6,9%), serta tidak adamya tingkat kognitif mengingat (C1), memahami (C2), dan mencipta (C6).
Kata Kunci: Buku Teks Matematika, Soal, Taksonomi Bloom, Tingkat Kognitif
Analisis Jawaban Siswa Ditinjau Dari Indikator Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematika
Authors: Wardani Hizmi , Nurdalilah Nurdalilah , Nasution Haryati Ahda 
Published: March 2022

Kemampuan komunikasi matematika merupakan suatu kemampuan yang tidak hanya menyatakan ide tertulis melainkan suatu kemampuan menjelaskan, mendengar, bertanya, menggambarkan dan bekerja sama untuk memecahkan suatu masalah matematika. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui jawaban siswa berdasarkan indikator kemampuan komunikasi matematika. Pendekatan penelitian adalah pendekatakan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif yaitu mendeskripsikan menggambarkan hasil jawaban siswa secara keseluruhan berdasarkan indikator kemampuan komunikasi matematika. Sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII MTs. Nurul Hakim. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes kemampuan komunikasi matematika siswa sebanyak 3 soal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan secara umum menunjukan siswa MTs Nurul Hakim mampu menyelesaikan masalah berdasarkan indikator kemampuan komunikasi matematika sebesar 83,13% atau kategori tinggi.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Head Together (NHT) terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa Materi Pecahan Kelas VII SMP Al-Washliyah 4 Medan Tahun Pembelajaran 2018-2019
Authors: Putri Jihan Hidayah , Matondang Khoiruddin , Ketaren Aslin Agina Br 
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Head Together (NHT) terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa materi pecahan kelas VII SMP Al Washliyah 4 medan tahun pembelajaran 2018-2019. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 71 orang siswa kelas VII SMP Al Washliyah 4 Medan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 36 orang siswa yang diambil dari satu kelas. Pengujian ini dilakukan dengan memberikan tes awal (pretest) dan tes akhir (posttest) pada dua kelas yang diuji. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikkan rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dari pada rata-rata kelas kontrol, hal ini dibuktikkan dengan perolehan nilai rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas eksperimen 56,58 dan rata-rata skor posttest kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas control adalah 53,67. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian uji hipotesis diperoleh harga thitung = 2,10 pada taraf = 0,05 dan harga ttabel= 1,66. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa thitung (2,10) > ttabel (1,66) dari keterangan diatas maka diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa terdapat Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Head Together (NHT) Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa Materi Pecahan Kelas VII SMP Al Washliyah 4 Medan Tahun Pembelajaran 2018-2019.
Waqfs of the Ottoman-Era Tokat Rüstem Çelebi Mosque
Authors: AÇIKEL Ali 
Published: March 2022

Tokat is one of the oldest cities in Anatolia, which was home to many ancient civilizations. In the city of Tokat, which entered into the Turkish domination at the late XIth century, a large number of religious, social, economic, and cultural artifacts such as mosques, small mosques, seminary schools, soup kitchens, lodges, inns, public baths, and tombs were constructed during the Danismendid, Seljukid, and Ottoman periods. The fact that Tokat is on the east-west and south-north road route in Anatolia, having a rich socio-economic potential with its mild climate and fertile agricultural lands has a great role in bringing these works into the body. In addition, the fact that half of the 70 Muslim neighborhoods in the period 1455-1574 had the names of mosques and masjids reflects the religious identity of the city. Thanks to this rich socio-economic potential, the functioning of religious, social, cultural and economic monuments that have been established in Tokat has been made possible with the help of waqf funds.
In this article, Rustem Çelebi Mosque waqfs will be discussed as an case study among the rich foundation works available in Tokat during the Ottoman period. Although there are some individual studies about this mosque waqfs, these studies do not examine the waqf revenues of this mosque from the beginning to the present day. Waqf revenues are vital for the mosque to continue its function. This mosque is one of 17 mosques built in the city center of Tokat between XII and XXth centuries and was probably built in the second half of the XVth century. In the following periods, it has undergone some repairs and has survived to the present day. Modest waqf funds have been allocated by the founder for the maintenance and repair of the mosque and the salaries of its duties. In addition, some beneficiaries have established additional foundations for the mosque. The aim of the study is to contribute to the socio-cultural history of Tokat by addressing the foundations of Rustem Çelebi Mosque in all aspects.
Promoting Cognitive Complexity Among Violent Extremist Youth in Northern Pakistan
Authors: Peracha Feriha , Savage Sara , Khan Raafia , Ayub Asma , Zahra Andleeb 
Published: March 2022

This article reports on the results of an intervention to promote cognitive complexity (measured by integrative complexity, IC) and perspective taking for youth detained for violent extremism at the Sabaoon Center for Deradicalization and Rehabilitation in northern Pakistan. Participants are sixty-four males (mean age 19.77, SD = 3.26) comprising three cohorts: CVE Detained, CVE Reintegrated, and PVE At-risk.
The Sabaoon IC intervention consists of eight sessions with action learning contextualized according to an assessment of the push, pull and personal factors that shape the life experience of the youth. Pre and post testing results show significant gain in IC in the overall sample (Cohen's d= -1.80, 95% CI[-.87,-.49]), and in each cohort, indicating significantly increased ability to perceive validity in one's own changing views and others' differing views along with reduction in derogating or dehumanizing outgroups. Oral presentations showed expected IC scores showing differentiation, with the Reintegrated cohort showing higher order integrations and expressed confidence to be change-makers in their communities.
Two subscales from the Violent Extremist Beliefs Survey (concerning beliefs about inter-religious harmony and risk-taking behaviors) showed expected changes, but self-report perspective taking and empathy measures were insignificant.
Limitations: The entire Sabaoon sample was selected for the intervention, and due to time and operational constraints, it was not feasible to recruit a control group matched on important variables.
Implications for using IC measurement and method for detained and at risk populations are discussed.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Daring Berbasis Discovery Learnig Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa
Authors: Kurniawan Dedy , Hamid Rimba , Rosida Wa 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan 1), untuk mengetahui deskripsi pembelajaran daring berbasis Discovery Learning 2), untuk mengetahui deskripsi kemampuan berpikir kritis 3),untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh pembelajaran daring berbasis Discovery Learning terhadap berpikir kritis dan siswa pada materi sistem pernapasan manusia kelas VIII D MTs Negeri 02 Konsel. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pre-eksperimen yang dilakukan di MTs Negeri 02 Konsel. Metode yang digunakan berupa tes esay dan angket. Hasil respon siswa terhadap model discovery learning diperoleh 93,03%. Untuk kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa diperoleh nilai rata-rata N-Gain score pada nilai pre-tes dan post-tes sebesar 0,56 pada interval 0,3≤ g ≤0,7. Hasil uji Paired Sampel t-tes menunjukan nilai sig. 0,000 < 0,05 maka (H0) di tolak dan (H1) di terima.
Implementasi Fullday School Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Yuli R Herni , Asrul Asrul , Nur Jaya Hasma , Abubakar Abubakar 
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi fullday school dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Jenis penilitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. dimana akan memberikan gambaran secara kualitatif berdasarkan data dan informasi aktual. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, guru, dan siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan obsevasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan teknik reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Untuk menguji keabsahan data menggunakan uji kredibilitas dengan pendekatan trianggulasi yaitu trianggulasi sumber, trianggulasi teknik, dan trianggulasi waktu. Hasil penelitian yaitu a) lingkungan belajar, dilakukan dengan menyediakan sarana prasarana belajar yang memadai, selain ruangan kelas, di sekolah ini juga terdapat ruangan-ruangan belajar tempat praktek lapangan, b) strategi belajar dengan menciptakan suasana pembelajaran 3M (menyenangkan, mengasyikkan dan mencerdaskan, c) metode belajar, digunakan sesuai kondisi ruangan belajar dan materi belajar yang akan disajikan, metode belajar yang sering digunakan yaitu, ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi dan demonstrasi, d) tersedianya komputer, dan perlengkapan peralatan listrik yang yang berbasis teknologi.
Kreaktivitas Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pelayanan Pendidikan
Authors: Mokodompit Multi , Kabiba Kabiba , Asrul Asrul 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan kreaktivitas kepala sekolah di SMPN Satap 3 Bungku Selatan dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan pendidikan di SMPN Satap 3 Bungku Selatan. Analisis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Adapun subyek penelitian adalah 5 orang guru dan juga kepala sekolah sebagai informan kunci. Hasil penelitian dalam temuan penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kreaktivitas kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan mutu pelayanan di SMPN Satap 3 Bungku Selatan maka penulis memberikan kesimpulan bahwa kreaktivitas kepala sekolah SMPN Satap 3 Bungku Selatan mencakup upaya meningkatkan profesionalisme guru, meningkatkan mutu sarana dan prasarana, meningkatkan kualitas proses pembelajaran dan meningkatkan prestasi siswa serta menumbuhkan budaya positive dilingkungan dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan di SMPN Satap 3 Bungku Selatan.
Sosialisasi Pengelolaan dan Pemanfaatan Sampah Organik Rumah Tangga Dalam Memproduksi Ekoenzim
Authors: Nurliah Nurliah , Elika Salma , Sagena Uni W. 
Published: March 2022

Peningkatan jumlah sampah perhari meningkat seiring keperluan manusia sebagai makhluk konsumsi, sehingga menjadi permasalahan yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai. Maka pengurangan sampah organik harus dikelola dengan sebuah terobosan yang mudah dan murah serta memberi banyak manfaat. Salah satu solusinya adalah dengan mengolah sampah menjadi ekoenzim. Ekoenzim dinilai pemecahan yang tepat sebab bahan bakunya dapat dengan mudah didapat dan murah. Melalui proses fermentasinya selama tiga bulan ekoenzim sudah dapat memperoleh larutan yang berkhasiat sangat banyak. Mulai sebagai cairan pembersih dan menyiram tanaman. Selain ramah lingkungan hasil pengelolaan sampah organik rumah tangga juga bernilai ekonomis bagi, karena biaya pembuatannya tidak mahal dan dapat dimanfaatkan masyarakat baik untuk keperluan pribadi maupun diperjualbelikan. Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian ini menggunakan pelatihan dengan metode ceramah dan tanya jawab secara luring dengan menggunakaan media presentasi dihadapan warga Desa Keli, Kecamatan Woha, Kabupaten Bima dan praktik langsung pembuatan ecoenzym oleh penyuluh lapangan. Praktik pembuatan ecoenzim yang dimentori oleh penyuluh lapangan dan dibantu oleh mahasiswa KKN Unmul menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat mampu menerapkan pembuatan ecoenzym untuk mengolah sampah organik rumahtangga. Pengabdian ini menunjukkan hasil dengan adanya penambahan keterampilan dan pengetahuan dalam menerapkan pembuatan ecoenzym dalam mengurangi sampah rumah tangga oleh masyarakat.