bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Subsequent Hip Fracture and Mortality in Elderly Patients: A Multistate Population-Based Cohort Study in Eastern Spain
Authors: Llopis-Cardona Fran , Armero Carmen , Hurtado Isabel , García-Sempere Aníbal , Peiró Salvador , Rodríguez-Bernal Clara L , Sanfélix-Gimeno Gabriel 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Osteoporotic hip fractures in older people may confer an increased risk of subsequent hip fractures and death. The aim of this study was to estimate the cumulative incidence of both recurrent hip fracture and death in the Valencia region. We followed a cohort of 34,491 patients aged ≥65 years who were discharged alive from Valencia Health System hospitals after an osteoporotic hip fracture between 2008 and 2015, until death or end of study (December 31, 2016). Two Bayesian illness-death models were applied to estimate the cumulative incidences of recurrent hip fracture and death by sex, age, and year of discharge. We estimated 1-year cumulative incidences of recurrent hip fracture at 2.5% in women and 2.3% in men, and 8.3% and 6.6%, respectively, at 5 years. Cumulative incidences of total death were 18.3% in women and 28.6% in men at 1 year, and 51.2% and 69.8% at 5 years. One-year probabilities of death after recurrent hip fracture were estimated at 26.8% and 43.8%, respectively, and at 57.3% and 79.2% at 5 years. Our analysis showed an increasing trend in the 1-year cumulative incidence of recurrent hip fracture from 2008 to 2015, but a decreasing trend in 1-year mortality. Male sex and age at discharge were associated with increased risk of death. Women showed higher incidence of subsequent hip fracture than men although they were at the same risk of recurrent hip fracture. Probabilities of death after recurrent hip fracture were higher than those observed in the general population. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Characterization of the composition of plant protection products in different formulation types employing suspect screening and unknown approaches
Authors: Hergueta‐Castillo María Elena , López‐Ruiz Rosalía , Garrido Frenich Antonia , Romero‐González Roberto 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDPlant protection products (PPPs) are used extensively in agriculture to control crops. These PPPs, which may be found in different types of formulations, are composed of a designated pesticide (active principle) and other inactive ingredients as co‐formulants. They perform specific functions in the formulation, as solvents, preservatives or antifreeze agents, among others.RESULTSA research technique based on ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to a Quadrupole‐Orbitrap mass analyzer was successfully applied to characterize the composition of six different PPPs in terms of the presence of co‐formulants and types of formulations: emulsifiable concentrate (EC), emulsion in water (EW), suspension concentrate and water‐dispersible granule. These PPPs (FLINT MAX, MASSOCUR 12.5 EC, IMPACT EVO, TOPAS, LATINO and IMPALA STAR) had antifungal activity, containing one triazole compound as active principle (tebuconazole, penconazole, myclobutanil, flutriafol or fenbuconazole, respectively). Non‐targeted approaches, applying suspect and unknown analysis, were carried out and ten compounds were identified as potential co‐formulants. Six (glyceryl monostearate, 1‐monopalmitin, dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N‐dimethyldecanamide, hexaethylene glycol and 1,2‐benzisothiazol‐3(2H)‐one) were confirmed by injecting analytical standards. Finally, these compounds were quantified in the PPPs.CONCLUSIONThe current study allowed for detecting co‐formulants in a wide range of concentrations, between 0.04 (dimethyl sulfoxide) and 19.00 g L−1 (glyceryl monostearate), highlighting the feasibility of the proposed analytical methodology. Moreover, notable differences among the types of formulations of PPPs were achieved, revealing that EC and EW were the formulations that contained the largest number of co‐formulants (four out of six detected compounds). © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Biological and photochemical reactivity of dissolved organic matter in a large temperate river
Authors: Maisonneuve Philippe , Guillemette François , Lapierre Jean‐François 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLarge rivers are critical conduits from continents to oceans as they receive, produce and process huge amounts of dissolved organic matter (DOM). Yet, the relative influence of intrinsic DOM properties and extrinsic environmental properties on these processes at the ecosystem‐level is rarely studied. We assessed DOM optical properties as well as bioreactivity and photoreactivity at 40 sites along a >200 km transect of the freshwater portion of the St. Lawrence River through a series of standardized microbial incubations and exposure to simulated sunlight, and then estimated in situ areal rates of processing. We found that biological and photochemical processes preferentially targeted contrasting pools of DOM, but that DOM composition had an undiscernible effect on in situ degradation rates compared to other environmental factors. Total daily processing across the whole water column ranged from 36.7 to 892.1 mg C m−2. In situ photochemical degradation was largely driven by intrinsic DOM photoreactivity rather than environmental drivers in the water. In contrast, we found a relatively constant baseline pool of biolabile DOM that appeared to be independent from changes in concentration and environmental conditions. In situ DOM processing was mostly driven by biological degradation (on average 95%), and disproportionately high biodegradation rates (2.5–4x the average) were found in a few shallower sites near effluents or islands, potentially driven by local increases in nutrient concentration and in the proportion of protein‐like DOM. These results illustrate how DOM composition and degradability interact with ambient environmental and morphological properties to dictate an ecosystem‐level reactivity of DOM.
Triplet‐Triplet Annihilation Up‐Conversion Luminescent Assisted Free‐Radical Reactions of Polymers Using Visible Light
Authors: Fu Qiang , Rui Jiaqiang , Fang Jiaojiao , Ni Yaru , Fang Liang , Lu Chunhua , Xu Zhongzi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDue to low penetration ability of ultraviolet (UV) light, UV‐induced free radical reactions of polymers are limited to the preparation of thin‐layer materials such as coatings and inks. Although upconversion (UC) nanomaterials that can be excited by near‐infrared (NIR) light and emit UV light which is used to achieve polymerization or curing of monomers or prepolymers, low quantum efficiency and high excitation threshold limit their applications. Here, triplet‐triplet annihilation up‐conversion luminescent (TTA‐UCL) chromophores of platinum (II) octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP) and 9,10‐diphenylanthracene (DPA) are used to realize TTA‐UCL‐assisted photoinitiated polymerization of butyl acrylate (BA) and ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (ETPTA) as well as photo curing of polyurethane acrylates (PUA) using visible light at 520 nm. The effects of chromophores concentrations and incident light power density on double‐bond conversion rate are investigated. The results show that a mediate TTA‐UCL chromophore concentration of 0.02% is beneficial for polymerization of ETPTA‐co‐BA with thickness of 25 mm within 15 min. Satisfied adhesion of colored plastic substrates using PUA prepolymers can be achieved after irradiation for 30 s when chromophore concentration of 0.1% is used. TTA‐UCL assisted photoinitiated reactions show great potential in engineering aspects including quick repair of leaking tubes and photocuring of adhesives underwater.
Prognostic impact of pulmonary nodules diagnosed at initial presentation in patients with osteosarcoma
Authors: Irtan Sabine , Donadieu Jean , Pacquement Hélène , Tabone Marie‐Dominique , Piperno‐Neumann Sophie , Gaspar Nathalie , Jimenez Marta , Larroquet Michèle , Sarnacki Sabine , Cellier Cécile , Brugières Laurence 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundResection of all lung metastases in patients with osteosarcoma improves survival. The increased computed tomography (CT) scan quality allows detecting smaller nodules. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of those nodules that do not meet the classical criteria for lung metastases.MethodsA central radiology review (CRR) on lung CT scans performed during the treatment of patients included in OS2006 trial and treated with a high‐dose methotrexate‐based chemotherapy from 2007 to 2013 was realized in three centers.ResultsAt trial enrollment, among 77 patients, six (8%) had nodules meeting the trial's criteria for metastatic disease, 46 (60%) were classified as having localized disease, and 25 (32%) as having doubtful nodules. After CRR, 218 nodules were found at diagnosis (all in patients classified as “metastatic or doubtful” and 13 patients classified as “localized”) (median two nodules per patient [1–52]). The 5‐year event‐free survival/overall survival (EFS/OS) of patients with at least one nodule versus no nodule were similar (67.7%/79.2% vs. 81.8%/91%). After histological analysis, two of 46 (4.3%) “localized” and eight of 25 (32.0%) “doubtful” patients were re‐classified as “metastatic,” whereas there was no change in patients initially “metastatic.” The 5‐year OS of confirmed histological metastatic versus nonmetastatic patients were different (56% vs. 92%, p < .01).ConclusionCentral review of lung CT scan increased the detection of nodules in osteosarcoma. Patients with small lung nodules classified as doubtful had a quite similar outcome as those with a localized disease. However, patients with confirmed metastatic nodules have a poorer prognosis, even if considered as “localized” at diagnosis.
Registration of ‘S16‐11651C’, a conventional soybean cultivar with high yield, resistance to multiple diseases, and broad adaptation
Authors: Chen Pengyin , Ali Md Liakat , Shannon J. Grover , Canella Vieira Caio , Lee Dongho , Crisel Melissa , Smothers Scotty , Clubb Michael , Selves Stewart , Scaboo Andrew , Usovsky Mariola , Nguyen Henry , Mitchum Melissa , Li Zenglu , Bond Jason P. , Meinhardt Clinton G. , Li Shuxian , Gillen Anne M. , Mengistu Alemu , Robbins Robert T. , Mozzoni Leandro Angel , Zhang Bo , Smith James Rusty , Buckley J. Blair , Moseley David 
Published: April 2022

Abstract‘S16‐11651C’ (Reg. no. CV‐549, PI 699631) is an early maturity group (MG) V, semi‐determinate, conventional, high‐yielding soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.] cultivar developed and released in 2020 by the University of Missouri–Fisher Delta Research Center Soybean Breeding Program. High global demand for soybean oil and animal feed and U.S. mid‐southern growers’ interest in early‐MG V conventional cultivars with high yield potential, desired protein and oil content, and broad disease resistance motivated the development and release of S16‐11651C soybean. S16‐11651C was tested in 94 environments in Missouri and 11 other mid‐southern states from 2017 to 2020 for yield and other agronomic traits. On average, S16‐11651C yielded 4,327 kg ha–1, which is 292 kg ha–1 higher than the all‐tests mean of 4,035 kg ha–1. S16‐11651C seed contains 413 (41.3%) and 220 (22%) g kg–1 of protein and oil, respectively, on a dry weight basis. S16‐11651C exhibits relative maturity of 5.3 and has white flowers, tawny pubescence, and tan pod walls. The seed is yellow with intermediate luster and black hila with a weight of 13.5 g 100–1 seed. S16‐11561C is 88 cm tall on average with resistance to lodging. It is resistant to cyst nematode (races 1, 2, and 5 with moderate resistance to race 3), peanut and southern root‐knot nematode, reniform nematode, brown stem rot, charcoal rot, and purple seed stain and moderately resistant to Phomopsis seed decay. S16‐11561C has the capacity to exclude chloride. In addition to its high yield potential, high seed protein and oil content, and early maturity, S16‐11561C has exhibited broad adaptation across mid‐southern states.
Molecular interactions of STAC proteins with skeletal muscle dihydropyridine receptor and excitation‐contraction coupling
Authors: Shishmarev Dmitry , Rowland Emily , Aditya Shouvik , Sundararaj Srinivasan , Oakley Aaron J. , Dulhunty Angela F. , Casarotto Marco G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractExcitation‐contraction coupling (ECC) is the physiological process in which an electrical signal originating from the central nervous system is converted into muscle contraction. In skeletal muscle tissue, the key step in the molecular mechanism of ECC initiated by the muscle action potential is the cooperation between two Ca2+ channels, dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR; voltage‐dependent L‐type calcium channel) and ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1). These two channels were originally postulated to communicate with each other via direct mechanical interactions; however, the molecular details of this cooperation have remained ambiguous. Recently, it has been proposed that one or more supporting proteins are in fact required for communication of DHPR with RyR1 during the ECC process. One such protein that is increasingly believed to play a role in this interaction is the SH3 and cysteine‐rich domain‐containing protein 3 (STAC3), which has been proposed to bind a cytosolic portion of the DHPR α1S subunit known as the II–III loop. In this work, we present direct evidence for an interaction between a small peptide sequence of the II–III loop and several residues within the SH3 domains of STAC3 as well as the neuronal isoform STAC2. Differences in this interaction between STAC3 and STAC2 suggest that STAC3 possesses distinct biophysical features that are potentially important for its physiological interactions with the II–III loop. Therefore, this work demonstrates an isoform‐specific interaction between STAC3 and the II–III loop of DHPR and provides novel insights into a putative molecular mechanism behind this association in the skeletal muscle ECC process.
Identification of dynamic microRNA associated with systemic defence against Helicoverpa armigera infestation in Cajanus scarabaeoides
Authors: Malhotra Era Vaidya , Jain Rishu , Tyagi Saurabh , Venkat Raman K , Bansal Sangita , Pattanayak Debasis 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundHelicoverpa armigera is a major insect pest of several crop plants, including pigeonpea. Resistant gene sources are not available in the cultivated gene pool, but resistance has been observed in its crop wild relative, Cajanus scarabaeoides. Gene regulatory mechanisms governing the systemic immune response of this plant to pod borer infestation have not yet been deciphered. MicroRNA (miRNA) profiles of H. armigera‐infested and undamaged adjacent leaves of C. scarabaeoides were compared to gain an insight into the plant–insect interactions and to identify dynamic miRNA molecules potentially acting as mediators of systemic defence responses.ResultsA total of 211 conserved, temporally dynamic miRNA were identified in the unfed adjacent leaves, out of which 98 were found to be differentially expressed in comparison to control leaves. On further analysis, most of the miRNA detected in the adjacent leaves was found to target genes involved in the defence pathways and plant immune response. An overlap of the differentially expressing miRNAs was observed between insect‐fed and adjacent unfed leaves, indicating the transmission of signal from the site of infestation to the undamaged parts of the plant, indicative of induction of a systemic defence response.ConclusionThe miRNA response in the unfed leaves had the signatures of induced changes in metabolism and signal transduction for induction of defence pathway genes. This study reveals the participation of miRNAs in imparting pod borer resistance and mounting a systemic defence response against pod borer infestation in C. scarabaeoides. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Digital Storytelling With Youth From Refugee Backgrounds: Possibilities for Language and Digital Literacy Learning
Authors: Kendrick Maureen , Early Margaret , Michalovich Amir , Mangat Meena 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study addresses the urgent need to develop innovative pedagogies that build upon and enhance the digital literacies and representational practices of culturally and linguistically diverse youth from refugee backgrounds. In Canadian high schools, this population of students enter school with varying levels of literacy in their first language(s), as well as potentially difficult experiences due to their forced migration. For many, learning English, may become a formidable challenge. A growing corpus of case studies is beginning to show how pedagogies that draw on youths’ everyday meaning making, including their digital literacies, can effectively engage English learners in academic learning. In this qualitative, ethnographic case study involving nine youth in an English language learning classroom, we addressed the question: What is the potential for digital storytelling to draw from the fuller context of the lives and literacies of youth from refugee backgrounds to enable more autonomous language learning and identity affirmation? Our study is informed by interrelated conceptual frameworks: learner autonomy; investment in language and literacy learning; and digital literacies. Using thematic and multimodal/visual analysis, data were collaboratively coded to identify four interweaving themes: 1) use of multimodal meaning making to communicate complex, critical understandings; 2) emergence of digital literacies; 3) challenges of communicating in digital spaces; and 4) investment in identity affirmation in language learning. Implications focus on how digital storytelling as an innovative pedagogy has the potential to create space within the curriculum for stories that have deep meaning for learners.
Ophthalmic artery Doppler at 19–23 weeks' gestation in pregnancies that deliver small‐for‐gestational‐age neonates
Authors: Abdel Azim S. , Wright A. , Sapantzoglou I. , Nicolaides K. H. , Charakida M. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesFirst, to explore hemodynamic differences between pregnancies delivering a small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) neonate in the absence of hypertensive disorders and those that develop pre‐eclampsia (PE) or gestational hypertension (GH), by comparing the ophthalmic artery peak systolic velocity (PSV) ratio and first (PSV1) and second (PSV2) PSV at 19–23 weeks' gestation, and second, to compare these pregnancies for markers of placental perfusion and function.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study in women attending for a routine hospital visit at 19 + 1 to 23 + 3 weeks' gestation. This visit included recording of maternal demographic characteristics and medical history, ultrasound examination for assessment of fetal anatomy and growth, and measurement of maternal ophthalmic artery PSV ratio, PSV1, PSV2, mean arterial pressure (MAP), uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA‐PI) and serum placental growth factor (PlGF). The values of PSV ratio, PSV1, PSV2, MAP, UtA‐PI and PlGF were converted to multiples of the median (MoM) or deltas. Mean MoMs or deltas of these biomarkers in the SGA, PE and GH groups were compared with those in the unaffected group. The definition of SGA was birth weight below the 10th percentile in the absence of PE or GH.ResultsThe study population of 5214 pregnancies contained 4375 (83.9%) that were unaffected by SGA, PE or GH, 563 (10.8%) complicated by SGA, 157 (3.0%) with PE and 119 (2.3%) with GH. There were three main findings of the study. First, in the SGA, PE and GH groups, compared with unaffected pregnancies, the PSV ratio delta, PSV2 MoM, MAP MoM and UtA‐PI MoM were increased and PlGF MoM was decreased; however, the magnitude of most changes was smaller in the SGA group than in PE and GH groups. Second, in the PE and GH groups, but not in the SGA group, PSV1 MoM was increased. Third, in general, in the pathological pregnancies, the magnitude of deviation of biomarkers from unaffected pregnancies was greater for those delivering at < 37 than at ≥ 37 weeks' gestation.ConclusionIn mid‐gestation, pregnancies that subsequently develop hypertensive disorders and those delivering a SGA neonate, compared with unaffected pregnancies, have abnormal uteroplacental measurements and increased maternal ophthalmic artery PSV ratio. These data suggest similar pathophysiology in the two conditions, with evidence of placental dysfunction and increased peripheral vascular resistance, but the magnitude of abnormalities is greater in hypertensive disorders. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Measuring properties of a dark photon from semi-invisible decay of the Higgs boson
Authors: Beauchesne Hugues , Chiang Cheng-Wei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Considerable efforts have been dedicated to discovering a dark photon via the decay of the Higgs boson to a photon and an invisible particle. A subject that is still mostly unexplored is which properties of the dark photon could be measured at the LHC if an excess were to be found in this channel and whether we could determine if this signal is indeed that of a dark photon. In this paper, we seek to address some of these questions for two Higgs production channels: gluon-fusion and Z-associated. First, prospects are presented for the upper limit on the mass of a massless dark photon and for the uncertainty on the mass of a massive dark photon. Second, we study the feasibility of distinguishing this signal from that of the Higgs decaying to a gravitino and a neutralino that decays to a photon and another gravitino. Finally, the complementary possibility of observing the decay of the Higgs to a dark photon and a Z boson is studied.
Statinintoleranz und statinassoziierte Muskelschmerzen
Authors: Stürzebecher Paulina Elena , Schumann Friederike , Kassner Ursula , Laufs Ulrich 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungStatine gehören zu den bestuntersuchten Medikamenten. Aufgrund der umfangreichen Evidenz in Bezug auf Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit gehören sie zur Basis der lipidsenkenden Therapie. Während die Verträglichkeit von Statinen in den großen verblindeten Studien auf Placeboniveau liegt, stellt die sogenannte Statinintoleranz (SI) im klinischen Alltag ein häufiges und komplexes Problem dar. Am häufigsten werden statinassoziierte muskuläre Schmerzen (SAMS) berichtet. SI ist in vielen Fällen mit einer unzureichenden Senkung des LDL(„low-density lipoprotein“)-Cholesterins (LDL-C) assoziiert und erhöht damit das kardiovaskuläre Risiko. Die Diagnose von SAMS basiert auf dem Ausschluss möglicher alternativer Ursachen für Muskelsymptome und dem Ausschluss von Noceboeffekten durch eine diagnostische Strategie des Absetzens der Statinbehandlung, der Beobachtung und Bewertung der Symptome, gefolgt von einer erneuten Verabreichung eines anderen, zunächst niedrig dosierten Statins mit nachfolgender Dosissteigerung. Ein Großteil der Patienten mit SI und SAMS kann durch dieses Vorgehen Statine dauerhaft und ohne Beschwerden einnehmen. Bei unzureichender LDL-C-Senkung kommen frühzeitig Kombinationstherapien zum Einsatz. Es ist eine wichtige Aufgabe der verschreibenden Ärzte und aller an der Behandlung Beteiligten, durch eine geeignete Kommunikation die Einnahmetreue von Statinen zu erhöhen. Zahlreiche Fragen zu SI sind noch offen und werden u. a. in einem laufenden Register adressiert.