bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current and Future Needs for Human Resources for Ethiopia’s National Health Information System: Survey and Forecasting Study
Authors: Tilahun Binyam , Endehabtu Berhanu F , Gashu Kassahun D , Mekonnen Zeleke A , Animut Netsanet , Belay Hiwot , Denboba Wubshet , Alemu Hibret , Mohammed Mesoud , Abate Biruk 
Published: January 2022

Background
Strengthening the national health information system is one of Ethiopia’s priority transformation agendas. A well-trained and competent workforce is the essential ingredient to a strong health information system. However, this workforce has neither been quantified nor characterized well, and there is no roadmap of required human resources to enhance the national health information system.

Objective
We aimed to determine the current state of the health information system workforce and to forecast the human resources needed for the health information system by 2030.

Methods
We conducted a survey to estimate the current number of individuals employed in the health information system unit and the turnover rate. Document review and key-informant interviews were used to collect current human resources and available health information system position data from 110 institutions, including the Ministry of Health, federal agencies, regional health bureaus, zonal health departments, district health offices, and health facilities. The Delphi technique was used to forecast human resources required for the health information system in the next ten years: 3 rounds of workshops with experts from the Ministry of Health, universities, agencies, and regional health bureaus were held. In the first expert meeting, we set criteria, which was followed by expert suggestions and feedback.

Results
As of April 2020, there were 10,344 health information system professionals working in the governmental health system. Nearly 95% (20/21) of district health offices and 86.7% (26/30) of health centers reported that the current number of health information system positions was inadequate. In the period from June 2015 to June 2019, health information technicians had high turnover (48/244, 19.7%) at all levels of the health system. In the next ten years, we estimate that 50,656 health information system professionals will be needed to effectively implement the Ethiopia's national health information system.

Conclusions
Current health information system–related staffing levels were found to be inadequate. To meet the estimated need of 50,656 multidisciplinary health information system professionals by 2030, the Ministry of Health and regional health bureaus, in collaboration with partners and academic institutions, need to work on retaining existing and training additional health information system professionals.
Identifying Video Game Preferences Among Adults Interested in Quitting Smoking Cigarettes: Survey Study
Authors: Upton Caitlyn R , Nastasi Jessica A , Raiff Bethany R 
Published: January 2022

Background
Smoking is the most prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Although most individuals who smoke express a desire to quit smoking, only a small percentage are successful. Serious games have become popular in health sectors as a potential avenue for delivering a scalable treatment that is both accessible and engaging for the smoking population. Several smoking cessation games have already been developed, but these games feature a broad range of gameplay elements and are not necessarily based on existing video game preferences in the general or smoking population.

Objective
To better inform treatment development, this study aims to evaluate video game genre preferences among treatment-seeking individuals who smoke (N=473).

Methods
Participants responded to a screening survey to enroll in a larger, serious game intervention for smoking cessation. During this screening survey, participants were asked to disclose their favorite video games, which resulted in 277 unique game titles. These titles were coded for genre categories based on publisher listings and game features. The genres were then analyzed for the frequency of reporting overall and across age groups.

Results
Action, Role-Playing, and Action-Adventure were the most reported genres among adults aged ≤34 years; Action, Action-Adventure, and Logic were the most reported genres among adults aged 35-44 years; and Logic and Action were the most reported genres among adults aged ≥45 years.

Conclusions
These data indicate that treatment-seeking individuals who smoke have different game preferences across age groups, and the data provide novel information to inform the development of future serious games targeting the smoking population that are tailored to the preferences of their age group.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03929003; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03929003
The Disparity and Dynamics of Social Distancing Behaviors in Japan: Investigation of Mobile Phone Mobility Data
Authors: Lyu Zeyu , Takikawa Hiroki 
Published: January 2022

Background
The availability of large-scale and fine-grained aggregated mobility data has allowed researchers to observe the dynamics of social distancing behaviors at high spatial and temporal resolutions. Despite the increasing attention paid to this research agenda, limited studies have focused on the demographic factors related to mobility, and the dynamics of social distancing behaviors have not been fully investigated.

Objective
This study aims to assist in designing and implementing public health policies by exploring how social distancing behaviors varied among various demographic groups over time.

Methods
We combined several data sources, including mobile tracking mobility data and geographical statistics, to estimate the visiting population of entertainment venues across demographic groups, which can be considered the proxy of social distancing behaviors. Next, we used time series analysis methods to investigate how voluntary and policy-induced social distancing behaviors shifted over time across demographic groups.

Results
Our findings demonstrate distinct patterns of social distancing behaviors and their dynamics across age groups. On the one hand, although entertainment venues’ population comprises mainly individuals aged 20-40 years, a more significant proportion of the youth has adopted social distancing behaviors and complied with policy implementations compared to older age groups. From this perspective, the increasing contribution to infections by the youth should be more likely to be attributed to their number rather than their violation of social distancing behaviors. On the other hand, although risk perception and self-restriction recommendations can induce social distancing behaviors, their impact and effectiveness appear to be largely weakened during Japan’s second state of emergency.

Conclusions
This study provides a timely reference for policymakers about the current situation on how different demographic groups adopt social distancing behaviors over time. On the one hand, the age-dependent disparity requires more nuanced and targeted mitigation strategies to increase the intention of elderly individuals to adopt mobility restriction behaviors. On the other hand, considering that the effectiveness of policy implementations requesting social distancing behaviors appears to decline over time, in extreme cases, the government should consider imposing stricter social distancing interventions, as they are necessary to promote social distancing behaviors and mitigate the transmission of COVID-19.
The Potential Application of Commercially Available Active Video Games to Cardiac Rehabilitation: Scoping Review
Authors: Sawa Ryuichi , Saitoh Masakazu , Morisawa Tomoyuki , Takahashi Tetsuya , Morimoto Yuh , Kagiyama Nobuyuki , Kasai Takatoshi , Dinesen Birthe , Daida Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2022

Background
Commercially available active video games (AVGs) have recently been used for rehabilitation in some specific patient populations but rarely in those with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Commercially available AVGs are designed to increase motivation for continuous play, which could be applicable to the long-term cardiac rehabilitation process.

Objective
The objective of this scoping review was to assess the effectiveness of AVG-induced physical exercise, safety management, and patient adherence by applying commercially available AVGs to cardiac rehabilitation.

Methods
Four databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, and SPORTDiscus) were searched for all years up to August 12, 2020. Articles were retained if they were written in English, included patients with CVD who were aged 18 years or older, and used AVGs as part of a physical exercise program. The included studies were then evaluated from the viewpoints of effectiveness as physical exercise, safety, and adherence management.

Results
Among 120 nonduplicate articles reviewed, 5 (4.2%) were eligible for inclusion, of which 3 (2.5%) were reported by the same research group. The AVG consoles used were Xbox Kinect and Nintendo Wii, and sports-related programs were adopted for the intervention. No adverse cardiac events occurred in the identified studies, and dropout rates tended to be low.

Conclusions
AVGs appear to be safe and feasible for promoting an active lifestyle in patients with CVD. However, the effectiveness of AVGs alone as a therapeutic exercise to improve physical function may be limited.
Tính chất điện tử của hexagonal chromium nitride
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Kim Quyên , Phạm Nguyễn Hữu Hạnh , Vũ Thanh Trà 
Published: January 2022

Trong nghiên cứu này, phương pháp gần đúng liên kết mạnh (TB) được sử dụng để xây dựng mô hình Hamiltonian tính toán đặc trưng điện tử của hexagonal chromium nitride (h-CrN) cho cấu trúc phẳng và nhấp nhô. Từ kết quả tính toán thu được, đồng thời so sánh với kết quả tính toán từ mô hình tương tự theo phương pháp ab initio trên các cấu trúc khác nhau, bộ tham số cấu trúc cho các tương tác lân cận bậc một của các nguyên tử cấu thành vật liệu được xác định. Ngoài ra, kết quả cũng chỉ ra rằng ở trạng thái phẳng và nhấp nhô, h-CrN thể hiện tính chất kim loại của vật liệu mỏng dạng tổ ong. Tuy nhiên, cấu trúc điện tử vật liệu ở trạng thái nhấp nhô có nhiều thay đổi hơn so với cấu trúc phẳng, dự đoán những thay đổi thú vị về tính chất điện của vật liệu dưới tác động của kích thích bên ngoài cũng như khả năng ứng dụng vào công nghệ spintronic trong tương lai.
О сочинении дорампа Игнен-Чоймпела «Почитание величественного Хан-Бархана: „Драгоценность-чинтамани, быстро исполняющая желания“»
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation), Bukhogolova Sayana B. , Dashieva Subad B. , Debenova Zinaida A. , Tushinov Bair L. , Tsyrenova Nomin D. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The article deals with the xylograph Tegüs čoγtu qan gbar-mkan-u takilγ-a küsel türgen qangγaγči čindamani erdeni kemegdekü orusiba (Worship of the majestic Khan-Barkhan: „Chintamani-treasure, quickly fulfilling desires“) by dorampa Ignen-Choimpel; the treatise is part of the collection kept in the Center of Oriental Manuscripts and Xylographs of Institute of Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS (Ulan-Ude). It aims to analyze the source along the following lines: i) to identify the author of the manuscript, ii) to transliterate the text and check the accuracy of its reading with a focus on its specific lexical features, iii) to identify the time and place of its compilation and publication, iv) to research similar works related to the cult of Mount Khan-Barkhan, and v) to examine the structure of the text and give a short description of its content. Methods and materials. The methodology of source studies, as well as the textological analysis used by the present researchers helped establish dorampa Ignen-Choimpel’s exceptional knowledge of Buddhist philosophy and of the Mongolian language. Comparative-historical, typological, and descriptive methods were instrumental in examining the transformation of the mountain worship ritual in the process of its historical development. Granted the role of mountains as an essential element in the worldview of many cultures, as well as the significance of the text for practices of Buryats of Barguzin region today, the present research is of much relevance. The article may be used as a source for studies of the factors influencing the current revival of the mountain cult and the present religious practices of the population in the region. Results. The text under study contains new data concerning the veneration of ezhins — host-spirits of local features such as mountains, the Barkhan mountain of Kurumkan region in Buryatia, in particular. Also, this is a piece of important historical evidence shedding light on the cultural and religious processes that took place among the Buryats in the 19th century. Conclusions. The research indicated the presence of syncretic elements in the text of the treatise, including borrowings of some shamanic traditional rituals associated with the mountain worship, as well as the presence of specific lexical elements such as archaic words and expressions. Importantly, Buddhist borrowings of shamanic deities and rituals familiar to the local Buryat people contributed to the promotion of Buddhism among the local population.
Между фактом и фантазией: ранние источники по ойратской исторической диалектологии
Authors:   Institute for Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (9 Tuchkov Str., 199053 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation), Rykin Pavel O. 
Published: January 2022

The article presents the results of a linguistic analysis of three early sources on Oirat historical dialectology, Rashīd al-Dīn’s Jāmiʿ al-Tawārīkh (Compendium of Chronicles, completed between 1306 and 1311) and the Mongol chronicles Sir-a tuγuǰi (Yellow History, between 1651 and 1662) and Erdeni tunumal neretü sudur (The Jewel Translucent Sūtra, c. 1607). The author concludes that these sources substantially differ in terms of their linguistic value and reliability. The early historical accounts of Oirat lexical differences, provided by Rashīd al-Dīn and the unknown author of the Sir-a tuγuǰi, are most likely to have been obtained from unreliable external sources and based on hearsay evidence, orally transmitted by non-Oirats, at best, only passingly familiar with the Oirat language and its actual features. Both authors probably heard something about distinctive lexical features of the Oirat dialects of their time, but they hardly had a clear idea of what these features were and how to explain them in an adequate manner. On the contrary, the ‘Oirat fragment’ contained in the Erdeni tunumal neretü sudur seems to be much closer to fact than to fantasy. It presents a deliberate and quite reliable attempt to introduce some features of the Oirat dialects spoken at the turn of the seventeenth century. In the absence of earlier internal evidence of the linguistic differences between the Mongolic languages, this may be the oldest known representation of dialectal data in the Mongolian literary tradition. The evidence is of special importance because it includes morphophonological (an innovative colloquial shape of the clitics ni ~ n̠i < *inu and la ~ =la < *ele) and morphosyntactic (the progressive/durative in ‑nA(y)i), rather than lexical, features, which seem to have been considered Oirat by the early seventeenth-century author(s) of the chronicle. These features look more genuinely Oirat, at least for the early 17th century, although their modern distribution is certainly rather wide and non-specific. It may be assumed that the information on Oirat dialects that the Erdeni tunumal neretü sudur contains may have been obtained from an Oirat, or, at least, from an individual well-versed in the language of the time. Thus, one cannot overestimate the importance of the chronicle as a highly valuable source on historical dialectology of Mongolic languages.
Kearifan lokal dalam novel suara samudra karya maria matildis banda dan relevansinya sebagai media promosi pariwisata di lamalera - ntt
Authors: Pramesti Dinar Sukma , Kusumaningrum Ni Ketut Veri 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh perlunya sebuah promosi untuk mendukung perkembangan suatu destinasi wisata. Salah satu media yang menarik dan belum banyak diminati banyak orang dalam mempromosikan pariwisata ialah media sastra (novel). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai kearifan lokal yang terdapat dalam novel Suara Samudra serta mengetahui relevansinya sebagai media promosi pariwisata Lamalera – NTT. Teori yang digunakan untuk menunjang penelitian ini adalah teori antropologi sastra dan teori promosi pariwisata. Novel Suara Samudra karya Maria Matildis Banda ini diteliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini diawali dengan mengkaji muatan nilai kearifan lokal dalam novel, kemudian diperkuat dengan melakukan wawancara terstruktur kepada pembaca novel dengan tujuan untuk menggali lebih dalam tentang nilai kearifan lokal Lamalera. Selanjutnya mengadakan focus group discussion (FGD) dengan menghadirkan praktisi pariwisata, budaya, dan sastra serta akademisi untuk mengulas lebih dalam relevansi novel Suara Samudra sebagai media promosi pariwisata Lamalera-NTT. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan sejumlah kearifan lokal dalam novel Suara Samudra yaitu ritual adat, gotong royong, sikap berbagi, tanda-tanda alam, larangan atau pantangan, keterampilan lokal, makanan khas Lamalera. Beberapa kearifan lokal yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dan dimanfaatkan sebagai objek wisata budaya Lamalera. Potensi yang dapat dikembangkan di Lamalera berupa karya tradisional, kuliner khas lamalera, barter, ritual adat penangkapan ikan paus. Karya tradisional berupa paledang, tale leo, kella, bletu, buri, karya-karya tradisional ini menarik dan berpotensi untuk ditampilkan dalam event pariwisata Lamalera. Proses pembuatan jagung titi dan barter sebagai bagian dari rutinitas para wanita Lamalera berpotensi dapat meningkatkan daya tarik wisata Lamalera.
THE MANDARIN ORAL MASTERY PROGRAMME AS PERCEIVED BY NON-NATIVE LEARNERS
Authors: Chua Nurul Ain , Soon Goh Ying , Ibrahim Mohd Yusri , Che Noh Che Hasniza , Mansor Noor Rohana , Embong Eusoff Abdul Mutalib , Abdul Rashid Roswati , Shen Min 
Published: January 2022

Background and Purpose: Pinyin is required in learning Mandarin. The challenge of Romanised Pinyin is that learners must decipher the meaning of words based on the change of tone. Communication research is often conducted without accounting for the effects of the change of tone in learning a language. With the aim of avoiding miscommunication while strengthening awareness, Campus Buddies Programme was employed to provide tone practice for learners and consequently explores the effectiveness of the intervention.

Methodology: This quantitative classroom-based research gathered information through the administration of a questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed to 32 Mandarin Level 1 learners identified through purposive sampling. The students studied five topics from the syllabus. A total of 10 native speakers who scored A in Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) mentored the learners during the programme. The participants were instructed to answer both pre- and post-tests. Part A consists of demographic details, whereas Part B focuses on the effectiveness of questions and Part C consists of 30 questions of content learned by the respondents. The data were then analysed using SPSS 26 software.

Findings: The respondents demonstrated a positive response towards the programme and suggested further improvement ideas such as prolonging the training session and adding more topics and oral activities. The results implicated the programme as a motivator for oral fluency. Many non-native speakers can benefit from conversation with Mandarin native speakers because it is a strong indicator and sound oral mastery strategy.

Contributions: This research provides insights into the effectiveness of the current programme in motivating students’ oral learning. The outcome is essential in determining the Mandarin conversation strategy. More studies adopting different variables are proposed to explore correlations from different perspectives in order to improve students’ oral learning.

Keywords: Tonal pronunciation, native speakers, non-native speakers, foreign language instruction, Mandarin conversation.

Cite as: Chua, N. A., Soon, G. Y., Ibrahim, M. Y., Che Noh, C. H., Mansor, N. R., Embong Eusoff, A. M., Abdul Rashid, R., & Shen, M. (2022). The Mandarin oral mastery programme as perceived by non-native learners. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 7(1), 1-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol7iss1pp1-23
CHALLENGES FACING THE DEVELOPMENT OF TAKAFUL INDUSTRY IN BANGLADESH AND INDONESIA: A REVIEW
Authors: Lubaba Saeeda , Faruq Ahmad Abu Umar , Muneeza Aishath 
Published: January 2022

Takaful is the Islamic version of insurance, and the size of global takaful industry is about USD$51 billion in 2019. Limited studies have been conducted on the development of takaful sector in Bangladesh and Indonesia using a comparative approach. As such, this review aims at investigating the challenges facing the development of takaful industry in these two countries. Primary sources such as laws and regulations, and the secondary sources such as scholarly articles and books on the subject matter were reviewed to derive conclusions. This review concludes that efficiency of takaful in both countries depend on some common factors, such as having a proper and sophisticated regulatory framework for takaful with the development of required talent pool while focusing on creating awareness and education to ensure that not only the general public have the required takaful literacy; but even the existing and potential customers have the basic knowledge about takaful. Further, it is also found in this review that in order to further develop the takaful industry in both countries, it is imperative to use innovation and technology to promote takaful parallel to the conventional insurance by creating a level playing field. This review also identifies some specific issues in both countries and have suggested recommendations accordingly. It is anticipated that the outcome of this review will assist policy makers and other stakeholders to understand the inhibitions facing the development of takaful industry in these two jurisdictions with hope that these challenges can be eliminated for the sustainable development of takaful sector.

Keywords: Insurance, Islamic insurance, Islamic finance, review, Shariah, Takaful.

Cite as: Lubaba, S., Ahmad, A. U. F., & Muneeza, A. (2022). Challenges facing the development of Takaful industry in Bangladesh and Indonesia: A review. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 7(1), 100-113. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol7iss1pp100-113