bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Flow Cytometry in the Diagnosis of Inborn Errors of Immunity
Authors: Ramalingam Thulasi Raman 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInborn errors of immunity (IEI) are a group of inherited heterogeneous disorders affecting the immune system characterized by increased susceptibility to infections, immune dysregulation, and lymphoproliferation. Flow cytometry (FCM) is a rapid and reliable technique for evaluation and enumeration of immune cells. It also helps in understanding the functional and signaling pathways of the immune system. Lymphocyte subset analysis is a simple and effective screening tool in suspected combined and humoral immunodeficiency patients. Qualitative phagocytic defects such as chronic granulomatous disease and leucocyte adhesion defect are easily diagnosed by FCM. Study of intracellular proteins (e.g., BTK, WASP, DOCK8), cytokine production, and signaling molecules (e.g., STAT3) by FCM is very useful but also quite challenging to establish. T and B lymphocyte interaction for normal class switching of B cells can be assessed and can help in diagnosis of combined variable immunodeficiency and hyperimmunoglobulin M syndrome. FCM is also used in posttransplant monitoring of IEI patients and also in prenatal diagnosis in suspected cases. It is also useful in validation of variants of uncertain significance obtained in exome sequencing. FCM results should always be interpreted with clinical history and, if needed, should be confirmed with molecular genetic studies before establishing the final diagnosis. Ensuring good sample quality and running parallel controls with patient samples will avoid the preanalytical and analytical errors. This review describes the applications of FCM in the diagnosis of various IEI.
Variceal Hemorrhage: Decompression, Obliteration, or Both?
Authors: McCafferty Benjamin J. , El Khudari Husamedin , Salei Aliaksei , Gunn Andrew J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractVariceal hemorrhage is a morbid condition that frequently mandates the involvement of interventional radiology to achieve successful and sustained hemostasis. Primary image-guided therapies for variceal hemorrhage include a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt and transvenous obliteration. Knowledge of variceal pathophysiology and anatomy, current techniques, and the evidence supporting therapeutic selection is paramount to successful patient outcomes. The purpose of this review is to provide the reader a framework of the available literature on image-guided management of bleeding varices to assist in clinical management.
Gallbladder Cryoablation: Clinical and Technical Considerations
Authors: McGregor Hugh 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAs many as 500,000 cholecystectomies are performed per year in the United States. Frail patients are at higher risk from cholecystectomy, with reported postoperative complication and mortality rates as high as 31 and 5% in patients older than 75 years. Percutaneous cholecystostomy drainage is commonly employed in high-risk patients with cholecystitis, with over 12,000 cases performed annually. Cholecystostomy, however, is not a definitive treatment, with up to 30% of patients having a recurrent episode of cholecystitis within 4 months after tube removal. Gallbladder cryoablation has emerged as a minimally invasive procedure that achieves transmural gallbladder wall necrosis in a single session resulting in gallbladder fibrosis and involution. Early clinical data have been promising, with reported technical success of 86% and clinical success of 100% at up to 500 days of follow-up. Several challenges and unknowns remain, however, including optimal patient selection and procedural technique, the potential need for adjunct procedures to occlude the cystic duct, the implications of the immunostimulatory effects of cryoablation, and the impact of the presence of gallstones on outcomes. This article reviews the rationale behind gallbladder cryoablation, updates early clinical outcomes, and discusses the challenges that remain for the adoption of the technique for the treatment of benign gallbladder disease.
Improvement of structural quality of AlN layers grown on c-plane sapphire substrate by metal–organic vapor phase epitaxy using post-growth annealing with trimethylgallium
Authors: Imura Masataka , Inaba Hideki , Mano Takaaki , Ishida Nobuyuki , Uesugi Fumihiko , Kuroda Yoko , Nakayama Yoshiko , Takeguchi Masaki , Koide Yasuo 
Published: January 2022

AlN layers were grown on a c-plane sapphire substrate by metal–organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) at 1350 °C. The structural quality of the grown AlN layers was drastically improved by post-growth annealing in mixed hydrogen, ammonia, and trimethylgallium ambiance at 1350 °C. As a first step, we grew the AlN layers exhibiting a double-domain structure with an in-plane rotation angle of ∼4°. Then, the domain structure was changed from double to single by the post-growth annealing. After 20 min post-growth annealing, the surface possessed an atomically flat step-and-terrace structure with a root-mean-square value of ∼0.11 nm measured across 5 × 5 µm2. The full-width at half maximum values for 0002 and 101̄4 AlN reflections using x-ray diffraction were as small as ∼75 and ∼280 arcsec, respectively. Since this work provides a simple continuous MOVPE growth procedure to improve the structural quality of AlN/sapphire, it is advantageous to the industrial fabrication of AlxGa1−xN-based ultraviolet light-emitters.
Gravitational wave trispectrum in the axion-SU(2) model
Authors: Fujita Tomohiro , Murai Kai , Obata Ippei , Shiraishi Maresuke 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We study the trispectrum of the gravitational waves (GWs) generated through the dynamics of an axionic spectator field and SU(2) gauge fields during inflation.
In non-Abelian gauge theory, the gauge fields have four-point self-interactions, which induce the tree-level GW trispectrum.
We formulate this type of the GW trispectrum including the non-dynamical contributions and evaluate it in the equilateral limit as a unique signal of this model.
We find that the ratio of the GW trispectrum to the cube of the scalar power spectrum can be as large as 𝒪(106) in the viable parameter space, which could be captured in the CMB observations.
Bouncing with shear: implications from quantum cosmology
Authors: Rajeev Karthik , Mondal Vikramaditya , Chakraborty Sumanta 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We consider the introduction of anisotropy in a class of bouncing models of cosmology. The presence of anisotropy often spells doom on bouncing models, since the energy density due to the anisotropic stress outweighs that of other matter components, as the universe contracts. Different suggestions have been made in the literature to resolve this pathology, classically. Here, we introduce a family of bouncing models, in which the shear density can be tuned to either allow or forbid classical bouncing scenarios. Following which, we show that quantum cosmological considerations can drastically change the above scenario. Most importantly, we find that quantum effects can enable a bounce, even when the anisotropic stress is large enough to forbid the same classically. We employ the solutions of the appropriate mini-superspace Wheeler-deWitt equation for homogeneous, but anisotropic cosmologies, with the boundary condition that the universe is initially contracting. Intriguingly, the solution to the Wheeler-deWitt equation exhibit an interesting phase transition-like behaviour, wherein, the probability to have a bouncing universe is precisely unity before the shear density reaches a critical value and then starts to decrease abruptly as the shear density increases further. We verified our findings using the tools of the Lorentzian quantum cosmology, along with the application of the Picard-Lefschetz theory. In particular, the semi-classical probability for bounce has been re-derived from the imaginary component of the on-shell effective action, evaluated at the complex saddle points. Implications and future directions have also been discussed.
Rotating Kerr-Newman space-times
in metric-affine gravity
Authors: Bahamonde Sebastian , Gigante Valcarcel Jorge 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We present new rotating vacuum configurations endowed with both dynamical torsion and nonmetricity fields in the framework of Metric-Affine gauge theory of gravity. For this task, we consider scalar-flat Weyl-Cartan geometries and obtain an axisymmetric Kerr-Newman solution in the decoupling limit between the orbital and the spin angular momentum. The corresponding Kerr-Newman-de Sitter solution is also compatible with a cosmological constant and additional electromagnetic fields.
Radiative capture of proton by 9Be(p, γ)10B at low energy
Authors: Kabir Abdul , Nabi Jameel-Un , Sagheer Sumair , Rashid Laiba 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Radiative capture p + 9Be → 10B + γ at energies bearing astrophysical importance is a key process for the spectroscopic study of 10B. In this work, we consider the radiative capture cross-section for the 9Be(p, γ)10B within the framework of the potential model and the R-matrix method for the multi-entrance channel cases. In certain cases, when the potential fails, therefore, the R-matrix approach is better to use for the description of partial components of the cross-section that have sharp or broad resonances. For all possible electric and magnetic dipole transitions, partial components of the astrophysical S-factor are computed. The computed value of the total S-factor at zero energy is consistent with the reported results.
The New Wuqing 70 m Radio Telescope and Measurements of Main Electronic Properties in the X-band
Authors: Kong De-Qing , Li Chun-Lai , Zhang Hong-Bo , Su Yan , Liu Jian-Jun , Zhu Xin-Ying , Li Jun-Duo , Xue Xi-Ping , Li Chen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The new Wuqing 70 m radio telescope is first used for the downlink data reception in the first Mars exploration mission of China, and will be used for the other deep space communications and radio astronomical observations in the future. The main specifications and measurement results of some properties in the X-band are introduced in this paper, such as pointing calibration, gain and efficiency, system noise temperature, system equivalent flux density, and variations with elevation. The 23 parameters pointing calibration model considering the atmospheric refraction correction in real time is presented in the telescope, and the pointing accuracy reaches 5.″70 in azimuth direction and 6.″07 in elevation direction for different weather conditions. More than 62% efficiencies are achieved at full elevation range, and more than 70% in the mid-elevation. The system equivalent flux density of the X-band in the mid-elevation reaches 26 Jy.
A self-consistent multi-component model of plasma turbulence and kinetic neutral dynamics for the simulation of the tokamak boundary
Authors: Coroado A. , Ricci P. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A self-consistent model is presented for the simulation of a multi-component plasma in the tokamak boundary. A deuterium plasma is considered, with the plasma species that include electrons, deuterium atomic ions and deuterium molecular ions, while the deuterium atoms and molecules constitute the neutral species. The plasma and neutral models are coupled via a number of collisional interactions, which include dissociation, ionization, charge-exchange and recombination processes. The derivation of the three-fluid drift-reduced Braginskii equations used to describe the turbulent plasma dynamics is presented, including its boundary conditions. The kinetic advection equations for the neutral species are also derived, and their numerical implementation discussed. The first results of multi-component plasma simulations carried out by using the global Braginskii solver (GBS) code are then presented and analyzed, being compared with results obtained with the single-component plasma model.
A seven-bend-achromat lattice option for the HALF storage ring
Authors: Xu J. , Ren Z. , Yang P. , Liu G. , Bai Z. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Hefei Advanced Light Facility (HALF) is a soft X-ray
diffraction-limited storage ring being designed with an energy of
about 2.2 GeV and an emittance goal of less than 100 pm·rad.
The present HALF lattice is a modified hybrid six-bend-achromat
(6BA) lattice with a long and a short straight section in each
cell. In this paper, a 7BA lattice is designed for HALF as a
promising option, which follows the main feature of hybrid 7BA
lattice, but to have a compact configuration and lower emittance,
all bends in this lattice are combined-function bends and reverse
bends. The designed HALF storage ring has a circumference of
388.8 m and 20 identical cells. Two solutions with different
betatron tunes are studied for this lattice. One with smaller tunes
has better nonlinear dynamics performance allowing for off-axis
injection, which has a natural emittance of 67 pm·rad. The
other with larger tunes has very small beta functions at the
straight section as well as lower natural emittance of 59
pm·rad, which can enhance the brightness of insertion device
(ID) radiation. The intra-beam scattering effect and ID radiation
properties are also presented in this paper.
A perturbative CFT dual for pure NS–NS AdS3 strings
Authors: Eberhardt Lorenz 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We construct a conformal field theory dual to string theory on AdS3 with pure NS–NS flux. It is given by a symmetric orbifold of a linear dilaton theory deformed by a marginal operator from the twist-2 sector. We compute two- and three-point functions on the CFT side to 4th order in conformal perturbation theory at large N. They agree with the string computation at genus 0, thus providing ample evidence for a duality. We also show that the full spectra of both short and long strings on the CFT and the string side match. The duality should be understood as perturbative in N
−1.
On the derivation of the Landau–Lifshitz frame in relativistic kinetic theory
Authors: Hwang Byung-Hoon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Landau–Lifshitz frame has been widely used to represent the macroscopic quantities of relativistic hydrodynamics in the presence of the dissipative process. In this paper, we derive the Landau–Lifshitz frame in the near-equilibrium regime under self-contained assumptions that do not require comparison with the Eckart frame. And then we revisit the relativistic BGK model proposed by Anderson and Witting to provide an application example of the Landau–Lifshitz frame.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of transition zone in laser additive manufacturing of TC4/AlSi12 bimetal structure
Authors: Jing Zhicheng , Liu Xiangyu , Li Lin , Wang Wenbo , Xu Guojian , Chang Lili 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Ti/Al bimetallic structure (BS) has a good development prospect and broader application potential in aerospace engineering. Considering the limitation that dissimilar welding is only applicable to the thin plate, it is necessary to explore a new manufacturing process for Ti/Al BS. In this study, a TC4/AlSi12 BS was prepared by laser additive manufacturing (LAM). TC4 zone, AlSi12 zone and transition zone were formed in the LAM process. Due to the sufficient diffusion reaction, the transition zone with a width of about 0.8 mm was obtained. At the same time, a few micro-cracks were found in the transition zone. The microstructure and phase composition of the transition zone had been emphatically studied. Research results showed that the presence of Si element made the phase composition of the transition zone more complicated. The structure evolution from TC4 to AlSi12 was: α-Ti → Ti3Al → TiAl+(TiAl+Si) → Ti5Si3 → TiAl3+(α-Al+Si) → α-Al+Si+TiAl3+(α-Al+Si) → α-Al+Si+(α-Al+Si). The hardness distribution of BS was uneven, with the highest value reaching 524 HV. The tensile strength of the TC4/AlSi12 BS was about 110Mpa, and the fracture location was located in the transition zone.
Estimating Gibbs partition function with quantum Clifford sampling
Authors: Wu Yusen , Wang Jingbo B 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The partition function is an essential quantity in statistical mechanics, and its accurate computation is a key component of any statistical analysis of quantum systems and phenomena. However, for interacting many-body quantum systems, its calculation generally involves summing over an exponential number of terms and can thus quickly grow to be intractable. Accurately and efficiently estimating the partition function of its corresponding system Hamiltonian then becomes the key in solving quantum many-body problems. In this paper we develop a hybrid quantum–classical algorithm to estimate the partition function, utilising a novel quantum Clifford sampling technique. Note that previous works on the estimation of partition functions require

O

(

1
/
ϵ

Δ

)

-depth quantum circuits (Srinivasan et al 2021 IEEE Int. Conf. on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE) pp 112–22; Montanaro 2015 Proc. R. Soc. A 471 20150301), where Δ is the minimum spectral gap of stochastic matrices and ϵ is the multiplicative error. Our algorithm requires only a shallow

O

(

1

)

-depth quantum circuit, repeated

O

(

n
/

ϵ

2

)

times, to provide a comparable ϵ approximation. Shallow-depth quantum circuits are considered vitally important for currently available noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices.
Structure and photophysics of rubrene–tetracene blends
Authors: Zeiser Clemens , Berges Adam J , Rammler Tim , Munko Frederik , Meixner Alfred J , Bardeen Christopher J , Broch Katharina 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The application potential of singlet fission (SF), describing the spontaneous conversion of an excited singlet into two triplets, underlines the necessity to independently control SF rates, energetics and the optical band gap. Heterofission, whereby the singlet splits into triplets on chemically distinct chromophores, is a promising approach to control the above-mentioned parameters, but its details are not yet fully understood. Here, we investigate the photophysics of blends of two prototypical SF chromophores, tetracene (TET) and rubrene (RUB) using time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy and time-correlated single photon counting to explore the potential for heterofission in combinations of endothermic SF chromophores.
MIMOSA2: a metabolic network-based tool for inferring mechanism-supported relationships in microbiome-metabolome data
Authors: Noecker Cecilia , Eng Alexander , Muller Efrat , Borenstein Elhanan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Recent technological developments have facilitated an expansion of microbiome–metabolome studies, in which samples are assayed using both genomic and metabolomic technologies to characterize the abundances of microbial taxa and metabolites. A common goal of these studies is to identify microbial species or genes that contribute to differences in metabolite levels across samples. Previous work indicated that integrating these datasets with reference knowledge on microbial metabolic capacities may enable more precise and confident inference of microbe–metabolite links.

Results
We present MIMOSA2, an R package and web application for model-based integrative analysis of microbiome–metabolome datasets. MIMOSA2 uses genomic and metabolic reference databases to construct a community metabolic model based on microbiome data and uses this model to predict differences in metabolite levels across samples. These predictions are compared with metabolomics data to identify putative microbiome-governed metabolites and taxonomic contributors to metabolite variation. MIMOSA2 supports various input data types and customization with user-defined metabolic pathways. We establish MIMOSA2’s ability to identify ground truth microbial mechanisms in simulation datasets, compare its results with experimentally inferred mechanisms in honeybee microbiota, and demonstrate its application in two human studies of inflammatory bowel disease. Overall, MIMOSA2 combines reference databases, a validated statistical framework, and a user-friendly interface to facilitate modeling and evaluating relationships between members of the microbiota and their metabolic products.

Availability and implementation
MIMOSA2 is implemented in R under the GNU General Public License v3.0 and is freely available as a web server at http://elbo-spice.cs.tau.ac.il/shiny/MIMOSA2shiny/ and as an R package from http://www.borensteinlab.com/software_MIMOSA2.html.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Inferring gene regulatory network via fusing gene expression image and RNA-seq data
Authors: Li Xuejian , Ma Shiqiang , Liu Jin , Tang Jijun , Guo Fei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMotivationRecently, with the development of high-throughput experimental technology, reconstruction of gene regulatory network (GRN) has ushered in new opportunities and challenges. Some previous methods mainly extract gene expression information based on RNA-seq data, but the associated information is very limited. With the establishment of gene expression image database, it is possible to infer GRN from image data with rich spatial information.ResultsFirst, we propose a new convolutional neural network (called SDINet), which can extract gene expression information from images and identify the interaction between genes. SDINet can obtain the detailed information and high-level semantic information from the images well. And it can achieve satisfying performance on image data (Acc: 0.7196, F1: 0.7374). Second, we apply the idea of our SDINet to build an RNA-model, which also achieves good results on RNA-seq data (Acc: 0.8962, F1: 0.8950). Finally, we combine image data and RNA-seq data, and design a new fusion network to explore the potential relationship between them. Experiments show that our proposed network fusing two modalities can obtain satisfying performance (Acc: 0.9116, F1: 0.9118) than any single data.Availability and implementationData and code are available from https://github.com/guofei-tju/Combine-Gene-Expression-images-and-RNA-seq-data-For-infering-GRN.
Revisiting the thermoregulation hypothesis of osteoderms: a study of the crocodilianPaleosuchus palpebrosus(Crocodilia: Alligatoridae)
Authors: Inacio Veenstra Linda Lissethe , Broeckhoven Chris 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe functional significance of osteoderms—ossified bony structures in the dermis—has been a topic of discussion for many years in biological sciences. Although a protective function has received significant attention in the past, evidence is accumulating that osteoderms might play an important role during physiological activities, specifically thermoregulation. Previous studies have shown that, in crocodilians, the temperature of the skin overlying the osteoderms differs from that of the non-ossified skin during basking. The direction of these differences, however, appears to vary among studies, warranting the re-evaluation of a potential thermoregulatory function. In this study, we explored the thermal benefits of osteoderm expression in dwarf caimans (Paleosuchus palpebrosus). We compared the difference in dorsal and lateral skin temperatures (ΔT) between individuals with fully developed osteoderms and those devoid of any osteoderms, under three different temperature gradients. Our results show that although significant differences in ΔT are present between individuals and between temperature gradients, they do not relate to the expression of osteoderms. The findings of the present study question the thermoregulatory role that osteoderms play in P. palpebrosus, and vertebrates in general, and we put forward a series of alternative (physiological) hypotheses explaining their enigmatic nature.