bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foreign Body Aspiration in the Pediatric Population in Kuwait: Experience of 901 Cases
Authors: AlShehab Derar , AlGhunaim Essa , AlEid Yousef , AlElewah Abdullah , AlShimali Hussain 
Published: August 2022

Objective: The aim of this study is to report chest diseases hospital experience with foreign body aspiration in pediatric age group.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of the data of all pediatric patients <18 years of age who underwent flexible and rigid bronchoscopy for suspected foreign body aspiration. Data was collected from a national tertiary center in Kuwait from 2009 until 2015. A total of 901 patients underwent rigid bronchoscopy for suspected foreign body aspiration. Foreign body aspiration was identified in 403 (44.7%) patients. History of choking, witnessed aspiration, respiratory distress, stridor, positive finding on chest x-ray and auscultation were significantly associated with positive bronchoscopy.
Conclusion: Detailed history, physical examination, radiological finding can be utilized to aid in the diagnosis of foreign body aspiration and prevent complications.
Serratia nevei 9rpt1, a Potential Microorganism for Phosphorus Recovery
Authors: Santos Samara Ferreira , Silva Marcelo Santos , Yamane Tetsuo , Da Mota Adolfo José 
Published: August 2022

Aims: Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for life, finite and irreplaceable. Its constant exploration on a global scale has motivated frequent alerts regarding an eventual crisis due to the shortage of this nutrient. However, it is possible to recycle it and reintroduce it into the ecological cycle. One viable alternative is the microbial recovery of phosphate.
Study design: This study is based on systematic bioprospection of bacteria in phosphate-deficient Amazon regions.
Place and Duration of Study: Bacteria were isolated from black water samples, collected in the Rio Pretinho, located at Serra do Aracá, Barcelos, Amazonas, Brazil, from January to July 2019.
Methodology: Microbial isolation was performed in Luria Bertani agar medium. For the genomic study, the isolate with the best performance in the phosphate uptake test was chosen. The WGS was carried out in a Illumina HiSeq 2500 System. The assembly of the draft genome was carried out with the SPAdes and the annotation by the NCBI Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline (PGAP).
Results: Serratia nevei 9rpt1 recovers 90% of the phosphate available in the culture medium. Its draft genome comprises 5.4 MB, the GC content is 59.52% and 4,922 coding sequences were identified, among these, two pst operons: one complete, containing the five pst genes and one missing pstS, pstC and phoU genes.
Conclusion: Serratia nevei 9rpt1, isolated from an Amazonian environment poor in phosphate, is very efficient to uptake this nutrient in a Pi starvation condition. The genomic findings revealed this strain has an additional high affinity Pi uptake pst system containing the ATP-binding protein PstB, the canonical permease PstA, a putative permease other than PstC, upstream of the PstA and two essential enzymes in the polyphosphate metabolism: polyphosphate kinase 1 and exopolyphosphatase.
Effect of Biofertilizers and Potassium on Yield and Economics of Yellow Mustard (Brassica campestris L.)
Authors: Janaki Balasu , Singh Rajesh , Tripathi Pratyasha 
Published: August 2022

A field experiment was carried out at Crop Research Farm, during Rabi 2021, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (Uttar Pradesh) to study the effects of biofertilizers and potassium on the yield and economics of yellow mustard. Biofertilizers (Azotobacter, Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria) and Potassium levels (35, 40 and 45 kg/ha) were organized in a Randomized Block Design experiment. The treatment with Azotobacter at 10 g/kg seed + PSB at 10 g/kg seed + Potassium at 40 kg/ha resulted in a higher number of siliqua per plant (134.53), seeds per siliqua (31.67), test weight (3.40 g), seed yield (1.53 t/ha), stover yield (5.20 t/ha) and harvest index (22.74%). In respect to all other treatment combinations, the application of Azotobacter at 10 g/kg seed + PSB at 10 g/kg seed + Potassium at 40 kg/ha resulted in the highest gross returns (91,800.00 INR/ha), net returns (60,642.40 INR/ha) and benefit cost ratio (1.95).
Effect of Different Types of Sugarcane Bagasse Biochar on Soil Enzymatic Activities under Spinach Crop Grown in an Experimentally Fluoride Contaminated Soil
Authors: Rani Priyanka , Rai Sumit , Ghosh Amlan Kumar , Pandey Supriya , Chandola Dinesh , Shah Nishtha 
Published: August 2022

Aims: To elucidate the impacts of fluorine contamination in soil at various levels on soil enzymatic activities, as well as the effects of adding biochar made from sugarcane bagasse and modified with alum and phosphoric acid to the substrate to reduce the deleterious effects of fluorine.
Study Design: The pot experiment was carried under factorial CRD (complete randomized design).
Place and Duration of Study: The pot experiment followed by laboratory analysis was conducted in the Net house of Centre for Environment Assessment & Climate Change, G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan environment, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora (UK), India during Rabi season (January to March) 2022.
Methodology: The present study was undertaken with 2 levels of fluoride (Factor A) and 3 levels of each three types of biochar viz. non activated biochar, phosphoric acid activated biochar and alum treated biochar with a control (no biochar) i.e. 10 treatments of biochar (Factor B). The combination of Factor A and Factor B comprises 20 treatment combinations with three replicates. The soil enzymes such as urease, dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase, were examined in the postharvest soil sample.
Results: The outcomes demonstrated that the soil enzymatic activity of post-harvest soil under spinach crop was greatly improved with the application of fluoride in case of soil dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase except soil urease. Application of alum modified biochar and phosphoric acid modified biochars at different application rates significantly all the 4 studied soil enzymatic activities. Compared to the control, PAMB40 increases the urease, dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase by 32.71, 58.83, 142.60 and 31.10%, respectively.
Conclusion: This study suggested that biochar treated with phosphoric acid and alum might be utilised as a long term improvement to enhance quality of soil, the importance of which would be vital for agriculture.
Effect of Leaf Extract of Cassia fistula on the Growth and Development of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Cercospora bataticola
Authors: Yadav Sushil Kumar , Sahu Gajendra , Singh Doomar , Kumar Santosh 
Published: August 2022

Because of the widespread and uncontrolled use of traditional fungicides, many plant pathogens have become resistant to them, making it more challenging to control most fungal plant diseases with these fungicides. Since the dawn of time, phytochemicals have contributed significantly to human welfare without causing any harm. Therefore, PFT method with different leaf extracts of Cassia fistula (Aqueous, methanol and acetone) and their three concentrations (250µl, 500µl and 1000µl per 15 ml of PDA) was used against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Cercospora bataticola, causing fruit rot and leaf spot of beet respectively. Results of this study showed that maximum inhibition (76.8%) of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was found with1000µl concentration of methanolic extract of Cassia fistula leaves 3 DAI while maximum inhibition of Cercospora bataticola (68.7%) was found with the same concentration of acetone extract of Cassia fistula leaves 3 DAI. Considerable growth inhibition (68.7%) of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and 50.5% of Cercospora bataticola were found with 1000µl concentration of methanolic and acetonic extracts of Cassia fistula leaves respectively 5 DAI. Acetonic extract of Cassia fistula leaves with 1000µl concentration was also found as a good antifungal for Colletotrichum gloeosporioides which inhibited 64.8% and 54.6% 3 and 5 DAI respectively.
However, there was no considerable growth inhibition of both fungal plant pathogens with aqueous extract. The results of present study revealed that methanolic and acetonic leaf extracts of Cassia fistula can be used for fungal plant disease management with further extensive studies.
DIMENSÕES DA CRISE DO SINDICALISMO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Cardoso Adalberto 
Published: August 2022

O artigo inquire a propalada crise do sindicalismo brasileiro na última década. Analisa algumas dimensões centrais do ordenamento sindical do país (número de sindicatos existentes, filiação a centrais sindicais, taxa de filiação sindical, volume de greves, negociação coletiva e outros), e mostra que, apesar da queda acentuada nas taxas de filiação, a ação sindical tem se mostrado eficiente na negociação coletiva. A imagem da crise está associada ao ambiente político mais geral, no qual o projeto político da parcela hegemônica do movimento (a CUT e aliados) e seus partidos (o PT e aliados) estão, hoje, sob fogo cerrado das forças que se lhes opõem. Palavras-chave: Sindicalismo. Crise econômica. Crise política. Negociação coletiva. Greves. THE EXTENSION OF THE CRISIS IN BRAZILIAN UNIONISM Adalberto Cardoso The article inquires on the alleged crisis of the Brazilian trade unionism in the last decade. Analyzes some central dimensions of the union dynamics in the country (number of trade unions, membership in central federations, union density, volume of strikes, collective bargaining and others), and shows that in spite of the sharp drop in union density, union actions have proven effective in collective bargaining. The picture of crisis is linked to the overall political environment in which the political project of the movement’s hegemonic portion (the CUT and allies) and its parties (the PT and its allies) are today under fire from the forces that oppose them. Keywords: Trade unionism. Economic crisis. Political crisis. Collective bargaining. Strikes LES DIMENSIONS DE LA CRISE DU SYNDICALISME BRESILIEN Adalberto Cardoso Cet article présente une enquête faite sur la crise généralisée des dix dernières années du syndicalisme brésilien. Il analyse quelques dimensions clés de l’organisation syndicale du pays (nombre de syndicats, adhésion à des fédérations syndicales, taux d’adhésion syndicale, quantité de grèves, les négociations collectives et autres) et démontre que malgré une baisse considérable du taux d’adhésion, l’action syndicale s’est montrée efficiente dans les négociations collectives. L’image de la crise est associée à l’ambiance politique générale dans laquelle le projet politique de la partie hégémonique du mouvement (la CUT et ses alliés) et ses partis (o PT et ses alliés) sont aujourd’hui dans le collimateur des forces qui s’opposent à eux. Mots-clés: Syndicalisme. Crise économique. Crise politique. Négociation collective. Grèves. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
Evaluation of the third stage of the kangaroo method in primary health care / Avaliação da terceira etapa do método canguru na atenção primária a saúde
Authors: Silva Marcos Vilhena Bittencourt da , Lamy Zeni Carvalho , Mendes Cintia Maria de Melo , Sousa Alvaro Francisco Lopes de , Hartz Zulmira , Ramos Carmen Viana 
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: avaliar a assistência prestada às crianças pela Atenção Primária à Saúde na terceira etapa do método canguru. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado com as mães, com o uso de questionário estruturado contendo variáveis sócio-demográficas, clínicas e variáveis relacionadas à assistência prestada na atenção primária à saúde. Resultados: participaram 156 crianças, das quais 54,5% tinham idade acima de seis meses, 50,6% pesaram ao nascer entre 1500 a 1999g considerados de muito baixo peso, 9,6% nasceram extremos, peso inferior a 1000 g, 62,2% nasceram com idade gestacional entre 28 a 33 semanas e 12,2%, idade gestacional inferior a 28 semanas. Quanto à assistência prestada: 59,6% não receberam visita domiciliar, 74,4% não fizeram consulta na Unidade Básica de Saúde, 55% das mães desconheciam os sinais de risco da criança e 58,8% não receberam essa orientação. Conclusão: a assistência na terceira etapa do método canguru prestada pela Atenção Primária à Saúde apresenta fragilidades.
Factors associated with the diagnosis of acquired syphilis in users of a testing and counseling center / Fatores associados ao diagnóstico da sífilis adquirida em usuários de um centro de testagem e aconselhamento.
Authors: Ferreira Holzmann Ana Paula , Ataíde Monção Rafael , Guimarães Cordeiro Paulo Eduardo , Sena João Vitor , Grandi João Luiz , Barbosa Dulce Aparecida 
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: analisar a frequência de sífilis entre os usuários do Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, e os fatores associados à infecção. Método: trata-se de um estudo transversal, com componentes descritivos e analíticos, realizado com usuários atendidos no serviço entre 2014 e 2019. Os dados foram coletados de fonte secundária, por amostragem aleatória e sistemática. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 957 formulários de usuários e a frequência de casos de testes rápidos reagentes para sífilis foi de 11,3%, com distribuição semelhante entre os sexos. O diagnóstico da sífilis se associou de forma significativa às variáveis: situação conjugal, idade, escolaridade, quantidade de parcerias sexuais, orientação sexual e uso de drogas no último ano. Conclusão: programas de aconselhamento e testagem rápida devem ser incentivados para prevenção e diminuição das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis em Montes Claros e em todo país.
Analysis of Epinephrine Dose, Targeted Temperature Management, and Neurologic and Survival Outcomes Among Adults With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Yang Betty Y. , Bulger Natalie , Chocron Richard , Counts Catherine R. , Drucker Chris , Yin Lihua , Parayil Megin , Johnson Nicholas J. , Sotoodehenia Nona , Kudenchuk Peter J. , Sayre Michael R. , Rea Thomas D. 
Published: August 2022

ImportanceEpinephrine improves return of spontaneous circulation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). These beneficial cardiac effects do not directly translate to better neurologic outcomes, possibly because of epinephrine-induced microvascular effects that produce critical brain ischemia.ObjectiveTo examine whether targeted temperature management (TTM) modifies the adverse association between increasing prehospital epinephrine dose and neurologically favorable survival.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study assessed 14 612 adults from Seattle and King County, Washington, with nontraumatic OHCA between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2018, and included those who achieved return of spontaneous circulation and were unconscious at hospital admission. Data analysis was performed from April 2021 to May 2022.ExposuresEpinephrine dose and TTM during prehospital resuscitation.Main Outcomes and MeasuresFavorable neurologic survival (Cerebral Performance Category [CPC] 1 or 2) and survival to hospital discharge.ResultsOf the 14 612 assessed adults, 5253 (median age, 63 years; IQR, 51-74 years; 3460 [65.8%] male) were eligible for the study. The median epinephrine dose was 2.0 mg (IQR, 1.0-3.0 mg); 3052 patients (58.1%) received TTM. In all, 1889 patients (36.0%) survived with CPC 1 to 2, and 2177 (41.4%) survived to discharge. Increasing doses of epinephrine were associated with a decreasing likelihood of CPC 1 to 2 (odds ratio [OR], 0.46; 95% CI 0.42-0.50 for each additional milligram of epinephrine) and survival (OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.43-0.51). The dose-dependent epinephrine association was modified by TTM. After adjusting for Utstein covariates, TTM was associated with a relative stepwise improvement in odds of CPC 1 to 2 (interaction OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.22-1.51) and survival (interaction OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.24-1.51). A significant interaction was also observed when the analysis was stratified according to initial rhythm among shockable OHCA and nonshockable OHCA (shockable interaction OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.04-1.39; and nonshockable interaction OR, 1.24, 95% CI, 1.07-1.45).Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study found an interaction between TTM and epinephrine dose such that the beneficial association of TTM increased with increasing epinephrine dose, suggesting that TTM may attenuate the adverse effects of higher-dose epinephrine.
Glial fibrillary acidic protein in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Freigang Maren , Steinacker Petra , Wurster Claudia D. , Schreiber‐Katz Olivia , Osmanovic Alma , Petri Susanne , Koch Jan C. , Rostásy Kevin , Huss André , Tumani Hayrettin , Winter Benedikt , Falkenburger Björn , Ludolph Albert C. , Otto Markus , Hermann Andreas , Günther René 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveActivated astroglia is involved in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and has also been described in animal models of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Given the urgent need of biomarkers for treatment monitoring of new RNA‐modifying and gene replacement therapies in SMA, we examined glial fibrillary acidic protein concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (cGFAP) as a marker of astrogliosis in SMA.Methods58 adult patients and 21 children with genetically confirmed 5q‐associated SMA from four German motor neuron disease specialist care centers and 30 age‐ and sex‐matched controls were prospectively included in this study. cGFAP was measured and correlated to motor performance and disease severity. Additionally, we compared cGFAP with neurofilament light chain concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (cNfL).ResultscGFAP concentrations did not differ from controls but showed higher levels in more severely affected patients after adjustment for patients' age. Normalized cNfL values were associated with disease severity. Within 14 months of nusinersen treatment, cGFAP concentrations did not change, while cNfL decreased significantly.InterpretationcGFAP is not an outstanding biomarker in SMA, but might support the hypothesis that glial activation is involved in SMA pathology. Unlike previously suggested, cNfL may be a promising biomarker also in adult patients with SMA, which should be subject to further investigations.
3D Printing Flexible Sodium‐Ion Microbatteries with Ultrahigh Areal Capacity and Robust Rate Capability
Authors: Ma Jiaxin , Zheng Shuanghao , Chi Liping , Liu Yu , Zhang Ying , Wang Kai , Wu Zhong‐Shuai 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRechargeable sodium‐ion microbatteries (NIMBs) constructed using low‐cost and abundant raw materials in planar configuration with both cathode and anode on the same substrate hold promise for powering coplanar microelectronics, but are hindered by the low areal capacity owing to the thin microelectrodes. Here, a prototype of planar and flexible 3D‐printed NIMBs is demonstrated with 3D interconnected conductive thick microelectrodes for ultrahigh areal capacity and boosted rate capability. Rationally optimized 3D printable inks with appropriate viscosities and high conductivity allow the multilayer printing of NIMB microelectrodes reaching a very high thickness of ≈1200 µm while maintaining effective ion and electron‐transfer pathways in them. Consequently, the 3D‐printed NIMBs deliver superior areal capacity of 4.5 mAh cm−2 (2 mA cm−2), outperforming the state‐of‐the‐art printed microbatteries. The NIMBs show enhanced rate capability with 3.6 mAh cm−2 at 40 mA cm−2 and robust long‐term cycle life up to 6000 cycles. Furthermore, the planar NIMB microelectrodes, despite the large thickness, exhibit decent mechanical flexibility under various bending conditions. This work opens a new avenue for the construction of high‐performance NIMBs with thick microelectrodes capable of powering flexible microelectronics.
Mechanically Active Materials and Devices for Bio‐Interfaced Pressure Sensors—A Review
Authors: Nie Zhongyi , Kwak Jean Won , Han Mengdi , Rogers John A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPressures generated by external forces or by internal body processes represent parameters of critical importance in diagnosing physiological health and in anticipating injuries. Examples span intracranial hypertension from traumatic brain injuries, high blood pressure from poor diet, pressure‐induced skin ulcers from immobility, and edema from congestive heart failure. Pressures measured on the soft surfaces of vital organs or within internal cavities of the body can provide essential insights into patient status and progression. Challenges lie in the development of high‐performance pressure sensors that can softly interface with biological tissues to enable safe monitoring for extended periods of time. This review focuses on recent advances in mechanically active materials and structural designs for classes of soft pressure sensors that have proven uses in these contexts. The discussions include applications of such sensors as implantable and wearable systems, with various unique capabilities in wireless continuous monitoring, minimally invasive deployment, natural degradation in biofluids, and/or multiplexed spatiotemporal mapping. A concluding section summarizes challenges and future opportunities for this growing field of materials and biomedical research.
Constructing “Soft‐Stiff” Structure on the Surface of Carbon Fiber to Enhance the Interfacial Properties of Its Epoxy Composites
Authors: Ma Xiaoyue , Guo Jiaming , Wen Shubao , Liu Yu , Wang Junming , Zhao Lianshuang , Ao Yuhui , Liu Liu , Yan Fei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA “soft‐stiff” structure is equipped onto carbon fiber (CF) surface by hydrothermal and self‐assembly methods, in which MnO2 nanosheets and natural polysaccharide chitosan (CS) act as “stiff” phase and “soft” phase, respectively, leading to strong interfacial phase in CF/epoxy composite. The roughness, polar functional group content, and wettability of the CF surface are significantly promoted by this protocol. Moreover, the unique structure also serves as a buffer area to relieve stress concentration and change the direction of crack propagation, thus enhancing the interfacial properties of the composites. The strengthening effect of the “soft‐stiff” structure is verified by interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and flexural strength tests, which are improved by 47.4% and 48.2%, respectively compared with pristine CF/epoxy composites. This work provides a potential reinforcement strategy to access high‐performance CF composites.
Chronic interleukin‐13 expression in mouse olfactory mucosa results in regional aneuronal epithelium
Authors: Saraswathula Anirudh , Liu Melissa M. , Kulaga Heather , Lane Andrew P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundOlfactory dysfunction is highly associated with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), and the severity of loss has been linked with biomarkers of type 2 inflammation. The ability of dupilumab to rapidly improve the sense of smell prior to improvement in polyp size suggests a direct role of IL‐4/IL‐13 receptor signaling in the olfactory epithelium (OE).MethodsWe created a transgenic mouse model in which IL‐13 is inducibly expressed specifically within the OE. Gene expression analysis and immunohistology were utilized to characterize the effect of IL‐13 on the structure of the OE.ResultsAfter induction of olfactory IL‐13 expression, there is a time‐dependent loss of neurons from OE regions, accompanied by a modest inflammatory infiltrate. Horizontal basal cells undergo morphologic changes consistent with activation and demonstrate proliferation. Mucus production and increased expression of eotaxins is observed, with marked expression of Ym2 by sustentacular cells.DiscussionChronic IL‐13 exposure has several effects on the OE that are likely to affect function. The neuronal loss is in keeping with other models of allergic type 2 nasal inflammation. Future studies are needed to correlate cellular and molecular alterations in olfactory cell populations with findings in human CRSwNP, as well as to assess olfactory function in behavioral model systems.