bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of polycalciumphenylsiloxane and composites based on the skeleton of a sea urchin with the resulting polymer
Authors: Shapkin Nikolai Р. , Khalchenko Irina G. , Kim Kvan H. , Papynov Evgeniy K. , Fedorets Alexander N. , Maslova Natalia V. , Balanov Michael I. 
Published: June 2022

In this work, we obtained polycalciumphenylsiloxane (PCPS) by the interaction of calcium bis (acetylacetonate) with polyphenylsiloxane. The first method consisted in boiling the starting reagents in toluene for several hours; the second was as follows: the mixture of the starting reagents was preliminarily treated mechanically in a ball mill, followed by boiling in toluene for several hours. Two fractions, soluble and insoluble, were isolated in both syntheses. They were investigated using IR, NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and gel permeation chromatography. It was shown that the insoluble fraction is a mixture of calcium acetylacetonate and polyphenylsiloxane with a small calcium ion content. The soluble fraction is polycalciumphenylsiloxane. The yield of the soluble fraction is higher in the second synthesis method. The polymers obtained in the first and second synthesis methods are similar in composition and structure, which was confirmed by physicochemical methods. Next, the skeleton of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius was treated with a soluble fraction in toluene. In this case, a composite was obtained, which was treated with 2–3% hydrochloric acid and then calcined at a temperature of 600 °C. At each stage, the composition of the composites was investigated using elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy. The morphology was investigated using scanning electron microscopy.
Generating True Relevance Labels in Chinese Search Engine Using Clickthrough Data
Authors: Song Hengjie , Miao Chunyan , Shen Zhiqi 
Published: June 2022

In current search engines, ranking functions are learned from a large number of labeled <query, URL> pairs in which the labels are assigned by human judges, describing how well the URLs match the different queries. However in commercial search engines, collecting high quality labels is time-consuming and labor-intensive. To tackle this issue, this paper studies how to produce the true relevance labels for <query, URL> pairs using clickthrough data. By analyzing the correlations between query frequency, true relevance labels and users’ behaviors, we demonstrate that the users who search the queries with similar frequency have similar search intents and behavioral characteristics. Based on such properties, we propose an efficient discriminative parameter estimation in a multiple instance learning algorithm (MIL) to automatically produce true relevance labels for <query, URL> pairs. Furthermore, we test our approach using a set of real world data extracted from a Chinese commercial search engine. Experimental results not only validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, but also indicate that our approach is more likely to agree with the aggregation of the multiple judgments when strong disagreements exist in the panel of judges. In the event that the panel of judges is consensus, our approach provides more accurate automatic label results. In contrast with other models, our approach effectively improves the correlation between automatic labels and manual labels.
Understanding Descriptions of Visual Scenes Using Graph Grammars
Authors: Bauer Daniel 
Published: June 2022

Automatic generation of 3D scenes from descriptions has applications in communication, education, and entertainment, but requires deep understanding of the input text. I propose thesis work on language understanding using graph-based meaning representations that can be decomposed into primitive spatial relations. The techniques used for analyzing text and transforming it into a scene representation are based on context-free graph grammars. The thesis develops methods for semantic parsing with graphs, acquisition of graph grammars, and satisfaction of spatial and world-knowledge constraints during parsing.
Rodeo Trauma: Outcome Data from 10 Years of Injuries
Authors: Seifert Clinton , Rogers Mark , Helmer Stephen , Ward Jeanette , Haan James M 
Published: June 2022

Introduction. There is little data addressing rodeo injury outcomes, though injury incidence is well described. The purpose of this study was to describe rodeo-related injury patterns and outcomes.
Methods. A 10-year retrospective case series was performed of patients injured in rodeo events and who were treated at an ACS-verified Level I trauma center. Data regarding demographics, injury characteristics and outcomes were summarized.
Results. Seventy patients were identified. Half were injured by direct contact with rodeo stock, 34 by falls. Head injuries were most common, occurring in 38 (54.3%). Twenty injuries (28.6%) required surgery. Sixty-nine patients (98.6%) were discharged to home. There was 1 death.
Conclusions. Head injuries were the most common injury among this cohort. With the exception of one fatality, immediate outcomes after injury were good, with 98.6% of patients dismissed home. Improved data collection at the time of admission may help to evaluate the success of current safety equipment use.
Virtual adaptation of resident I-PASS training session during COVID-19
Authors: Rouse Michael , Abebe Abebe , Naylor David , Gibson Cheryl 
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Effective communication during the patient handoff process is critical for ensuring patient safety. At our academic medical center, first-year interns complete hand-off training before starting clinical rotations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a virtual handoff training for residents as an alternative to in-person sessions due to limitations imposed by COVID-19.
Methods. Fifty residents were administered pre/post surveys to gauge the helpfulness of the training for clinical practice, familiarity and confidence in providing a handoff, and whether they would recommend the virtual format for incoming interns. Additionally, faculty rated the virtual form of the handoff activity, made comparisons to in-person sessions, and assessed the helpfulness of the session for residents in clinical practice.
Results. Forty-four residents (88%) and 11 faculty (85%) completed surveys. After the training session, residents who received instruction and feedback reported significant improvements in familiarity with the handoff tool and confidence in their handoff abilities (both p< 0.001). Both residents and faculty were satisfied with the virtual format of handoff training. Most faculty felt the virtual platform was comparable to in-person sessions and would recommend ongoing use of the virtual platform when in-person sessions were not possible.
Conclusions. Teaching hospitals mandate resident training to include strategies for a uniform handoff method to avoid medical errors. Adaptation to a virtual platform can be a successful instruction strategy, allowing for didactic and interactive sessions with direct faculty observation and feedback.
procesos de experimentación artística e introspectiva como oportunidad de transformación vital en la didáctica de las artes plásticas
Authors: Texeira Jiménez Rocío , Vaquero Cañestro Carmen 
Published: June 2022

Este trabajo comparte los entresijos de la acción docente desarrollada en los cursos que van desde 2017 a 2020 en diversos grupos de los Grados en Educación Infantil y Educación Primaria en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Málaga.
La propuesta dibuja una trayectoria que conecta a modo de introducción, la crisis (un resorte que impulsa, sumerge, activa y articula de forma justificada el funcionamiento de las experiencias artísticas y docentes a lo largo de las asignaturas y que sienta la base sobre la que sucede todo), para explicitar la metodología, la consciencia (como estado de revelación y comprensión -o insight- que induce una fase de indagación artística y reflexiva ineludible) y la confesión (que es consecuencia directa del cuidado por la intimidad, protección y respeto en los ambientes y espacios físicos, mentales o emocionales, tanto individuales, como grupales y que brinda las evidencias sobre los procesos de introspección). Por último, esboza las conclusiones desde su potencialidad intrínseca, dando lugar a la oportunidad (estrategia que nos permite comprender los hallazgos y rediseñar objetivos; ésta a veces es suscitada y otras, encontrada y provoca un ciclo donde se reaviva la transformación vital, así como la observación y el análisis).
Desde esta perspectiva, la revisión de lo experimentado a partir de los hallazgos que se muestran resulta determinante en la medida en que nos permite rememorar y reconstruir lo vivido para generar un nuevo conocimiento, posibilitando la autoconciencia progresiva a un nivel personal, y por lo tanto, la mejora de la acción docente a un nivel profesional.
Comercialización de las obras de arte. Investigación sobre la cerámica
Authors: Liu Jianxiong 
Published: June 2022

Hoy en día, hay cada vez más personas que se dedican a la industria del arte en la sociedad. Gracias a esto constantemente surgen nuevas obras de arte y producciones. Por tantas opciones que existen, muchos clientes, creadores y productores suelen perderse fácilmente en esta deslumbrante variedad de obras de arte, especialmente los creadores de arte, quienes se encuentran en un dilema a la hora de comenzar a diseñar. Por lo tanto, cómo realizar mejor la comercialización de obras de arte se ha convertido en una cuestión importante para la mayoría de las personas que trabajan en esta área.
La cerámica es una técnica que se ha mantenido desde la antigüedad hasta la actualidad, y que da lugar a muchas producciones como distintas mercancías y obras de arte, por lo que la comercialización de obras de arte es considerada un buen objeto de estudio para el autor. Para sustentar mejor esta investigación, el autor analizará a dos ceramistas representativos de la revista internacional Cerámica, uno es Pablo Picasso y el otro, el ceramista contemporáneo Xavier Monsalvatje. A partir de su análisis, aprenderemos cómo crear mejores obras de arte y establecer una buena base para nuestro desarrollo comercial.
Por último, el autor también mostrará algunos de sus trabajos relacionados con este tema.

Palabras clave: comercialización de obras de arte, cerámica, Pablo Picasso, Xavier Monsalvaje, diseño.
Fotografía infantil: análisis y métodos de enseñanza. Un estudio de caso basado en las artes visuales.
Authors: Moreno Córdoba Ángela 
Published: June 2022

En este breve estudio introducimos el análisis de la fotografía espontánea infantil desde una metodología mixta, tanto cualitativa, a través de un estudio de caso, como basada en las artes visuales utilizando instrumentos de investigación basados en la fotografía. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es indagar sobre el aprendizaje de Clara (4 años) en sus procesos espontáneos de creación de imágenes fotográficas. A partir de estos análisis trataremos de elaborar una metodología de enseñanza de la fotografía. Partimos de dos preguntas de investigación: ¿Cuándo una fotografía infantil es espontánea? y ¿se puede establecer una relación entre la forma espontánea y aprendida de crear fotografías en edades tempranas? Para responder a estas preguntas hemos partido de una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura especializada más reciente para el diseño de un taller que permitiera tomar datos y analizarlos en profundidad, así como proponer diversas actividades de creación de imágenes que nos aportan datos de interés. En la discusión de datos se ha realizado un análisis de las fotografías espontáneas de Clara, a través de series estudio, según son definidas por Roldán y Marín Viadel (2012). En dicho análisis hemos logrado identificar algunas de las claves características de la producción espontánea infantil partiendo de un esquema de cuatro fases que se desarrolló en un estudio previo (Moreno Córdoba, 2020): a) fotografía espontánea de toma de contacto; b) fotografía de experimentación; c) fotografía mejorada; y d) fotografía satisfactoria. Como conclusión a nuestro trabajo se presentan series y fotoensayos que muestran algunas coincidencias y divergencias entre los dos modelos de creación antes citados: espontáneo y aprendido.
Analisis Penggunaan Partikel Fatis 啦 la dan 吧 ba dalam Film Our Times
Authors: Rangkuti Devi Nurlela , Nasution Vivi Adryani 
Published: June 2022

Abstract: This study aims to determine the use of 啦 la and 吧 ba modal particles and to find out the similarities and differences between the two in Chinese sentences. This research used contextual semantic theory and also qualitative descriptive methods. Data collection in this study used the listening method and continued with note-taking technique. The data analysis method in this study is using the agih method and followed by 2 techniques, lesap technique and replaced technique, as well as the method of presenting the results of data analysis which is presented in the form of explanations about modal particles that contained in the Our Times film. The data taken in the form of dialogues which has the modal particles 啦 la and 吧 ba. The results obtained from this study are modal particles 啦 la and 吧 ba are generally found in descriptive, imperative, interrogative sentences, also as a pauses in a sentence, but only modal particles 啦 la can be used in exclamatory sentences and can be used on imperative sentences which means prohibition.
Keywords: modal particles; 啦 la; 吧 ba; contextual semantics; Our Times
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan partikel fatis啦 la dan 吧 ba serta mencari persamaan dan perbedaan keduanya dalam kalimat bahasa Mandarin. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori semantik kontekstual dan juga metode deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode simak dan dilanjutkan dengan teknik catat. Adapun metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu memakai metode agih dan dilanjutkan dengan 2 teknik, yaitu teknik lesap dan teknik ganti, serta metode penyajian hasil analisis data yang disajikan dalam bentuk penjelasan-penjelasan mengenai partikel fatis yang terdapat dalam film Our Times. Data yang diambil berupa dialog-dialog yang terdapat partikel fatis 啦 la dan 吧 ba di dalamnya. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini adalah partikel fatis啦 la dan 吧 ba umumnya terdapat dalam kalimat deskriptif, imperatif, interogatif, juga sebagai jeda dalam sebuah kalimat, tetapi hanya partikel fatis啦 la yang dapat digunakan dalam kalimat eksklamatif serta dapat digunakan pada kalimat imperatif bermakna larangan.
Kata kunci: partikel fatis; 啦 la; 吧 ba; semantik kontekstual; Our Times
Penggunaan Media Mentimeter pada Pembelajaran Daring Bahasa Mandarin Kelas XI SMAN 1 Malang
Authors: Sakti Krismonika Puja , Widyatmoko Tiksno , Mardasari Octi Rjeky 
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Chinese language learning which was originally carried out offline has been shifted to an online system due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This situation makes the teachers unable to freely control the students. The activeness of students to get involved and participate is also reduced due to the limited interaction in the online learning process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the mentimeter learning media on student learning outcomes and to describe the use of mentimeters in online learning of the Chinese across-interests program. This study uses a quantitative approach and also a qualitative descriptive approach. The sources of data used are second grade students of the across-interests program at Senior High School 1 of Malang as many as 22 students. The data obtained in this study were in the form of average scores of pretest and posttest results and the documentation in the form of screenshots from presentations and quizzes. The data analysis was carried out by hypothesis testing using the paired sample t-test. The results showed that the mentimeter media was effectively used in learning Chinese and on average students were able to run the mentimeter and were able to play the quizzes that had been provided for online learning in second grade students of the across-interests program at 1st Senior High School of Malang.
Keywords: mentimeter; online learning; Chinese language
Abstrak: Pembelajaran bahasa Mandarin yang semula dilaksanakan secara luring dialihkan menjadi sistem daring akibat pandemi Covid-19. Hal tersebut membuat guru tidak bisa leluasa dalam mengontrol peserta didik. Keaktifan peserta didik untuk ikut terlibat dan berpartisipasi pun menjadi berkurang karena terbatasnya interaksi dalam pembelajaran daring. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keefektifan media pembelajaran mentimeter terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik dan mendeskripsikan penggunaan mentimeter pada pembelajaran daring lintas minat bahasa Mandarin. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan juga pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah peserta didik kelas XI lintas minat SMA Negeri 1 Malang sebanyak 22 peserta didik. Perolehan data dalam penelitian ini berupa rata-rata skor hasil tes pretest dan posttest serta dokumentasi yang berupa hasil tangkapan layar dari presentasi dan kuis mentimeter. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji paired sample t-test. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa media mentimeter efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Mandarin dan rata-rata peserta didik dapat menjalankan mentimeter serta mampu memainkan kuis yang telah disediakan pada pembelajaran daring di kelas XI Lintas Minat SMA Negeri 1 Malang.
Kata kunci: mentimeter; pembelajaran daring; bahasa Mandarin
Media “Karho” untuk Melatih Keterampilan Membaca Bahasa Mandarin Siswa Kelas X SMK Tumapel Malang
Authors: Aryani Yuniadinda Vida , Afifah Lilis , Putri Amira Eza Febrian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract: The purpose of this research and development is to produce a learning media called Karho (kartu hotel/hotel cards)which can help students practice their Mandarin reading skill. This product discusses personal information in the area of hospitality, especially for the theme of booking a room. The Karho media consists of 60 cards, a material sheet, an answer key sheet, an instruction sheet, and its package. The research model used is ADDIE with its five stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Moreover, the qualitative data were collected using questionnaire sheets not only for both material experts and media experts, but also for the students as the users of the learning media. In addition, the developed product has been validated by the experts and also has been tested on ten grade X students of SMK Tumapel Malang in the hotel accommodation. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that the Karho media is suitable to be applied for learning Mandarin and can also help students practice their Mandarin reading skill.
Keywords: development; Karho; reading skill
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran bernama “Karho” (kartu hotel) untuk membantu siswa berlatih keterampilan membaca bahasa Mandarin. Media tersebut berisi materi tentang informasi pribadi terkait bidang perhotelan dengan tema memesan kamar. Karho memiliki jumlah 60 kartu, 1 lembar materi, 1 lembar kunci jawaban, 1 lembar petunjuk penggunaan, dan sebuah kemasan kotak kartu. Model penelitian pengembangan yang digunakan adalah ADDIE dengan lima tahap, yaitu tahap analisis (Analysis), perancangan (Design), pengembangan (Development), implementasi (Implementation), dan evaluasi (Evaluation). Jenis data yang dikumpulkan adalah data kualitatif yang berasal dari lembar angket untuk ahli materi, ahli media, dan siswa. Produk Karho ini telah melalui proses validasi para ahli dan diujicobakan kepada sepuluh siswa kelas X jurusan akomodasi perhotelan di SMK Tumapel Malang. Produk yang dihasilkan merupakan sebuah kartu yang diberi nama “Karho” dengan berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa media Karho layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran bahasa Mandarin dan juga dapat membantu siswa melatih keterampilan membaca.
Kata kunci: pengembangan; Karho; keterampilan membaca
Penggunaan Buku Cerita Bergambar 一只大肥猫 untuk Melatih Keterampilan Membaca Bahasa Mandarin Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Turen
Authors: Maulidiyah Mayang , Afifah Lilis , Ul Muyassaroh Lukluk 
Published: June 2022

Abstract: There are two purposes of this research: firstly, describing the use of Chinese picture story books 一只大肥猫 (yī zhǐ dà féi māo) to practice the students’ reading skill of grade X of SMA Negeri 1 Turen, and secondly, describing the students’ responses to the use of the determined picture story book. This research used qualitative descriptive approach, which its qualitative data were taken from 14 students and also the learning process, using supporting instruments, namely observation sheets and questionnaire sheets. The researcher herself acted as the main instrument of this research by carrying out the data collection and analysis activities. The gathered data were then analyzed qualitatively. Finally, the results showed that the learning process using the Chinese picture story book (yī zhǐ dà féi māo) as a medium for practicing the reading skills went well, although there were problems with the internet connection. According to the students’ responses, it can be concluded that the Chinese picture story book (yī zhǐ dà féi māo) is not only able to attract their interest in practicing reading skill but also can make the Chinese learning more fun and less boring.
Keywords: usage, picture story books, reading skills
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penggunaan buku cerita bergambar一只大肥猫 (yī zhǐ dà féi māo) untuk melatih keterampilan membaca bahasa Mandarin siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Turen dan mengetahui respons siswa terhadap penggunaan buku cerita tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian ini merupakan data kualitatif yang diambil dari 14 orang siswa dan proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan instrumen pendukung yaitu lembar observasi dan lembar angket. Peneliti sendiri bertindak sebagai instrumen utama penelitian ini dengan melakukan kegiatan pengumpulan dan analisis data. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan buku cerita bergambar一只大肥猫 (yī zhǐ dà féi māo) sebagai media latihan membaca pada keterampilan membaca bahasa Mandarin siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Turen berjalan baik, meskipun terdapat kendala dalam hal jaringan internet. Menurut siswa, buku cerita bergambar tersebut dapat menarik minat mereka dalam melatih keterampilan membaca dan pembelajaran bahasa Mandarin menjadi lebih menyenangkan dan tidak membosankan.
Kata kunci: penggunaan, buku cerita bergambar, keterampilan membaca