bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyber-victimization and its association with depression among Vietnamese adolescents
Authors: Thai Truc Thanh , Duong Mai Huynh Thi , Vo Duy Kim , Dang Ngan Thien Thi , Huynh Quynh Ngoc Ho , Tran Huong Giang Nguyen 
Published: February 2022

Background
Cyberbullying has become an alarming social issue, but little is known about its prevalence and consequences in many countries. This study investigated the prevalence of cyber-victimization and its association with depression among students in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1,492 students from eight secondary schools and high schools in four urban and suburban areas. Multi-stage cluster sampling approach was used to recruit participants. Students participated in this study on a voluntary basis and completed a self-report questionnaire that included validated scales to measure their experience of cyber-bullying (Cyber Bullying Scale) and symptoms of depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies–Depression Scale). Weighted logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for the cluster effect and sampling probability.

Results
Almost all (92.4%) students reported using the internet everyday and nearly 40% used internet for more than four hours per day. Cyber-victimization was identified in 36.5% of students and almost 25% experienced multiple types of cyber-victimization. Nearly half of students reported symptoms of depression. After adjusting for other covariates, students who experienced cyber-victimization were found to have 1.81 times (95% CI [1.42–2.30]) higher in odds of having symptoms of depression.

Conclusions
Cyber victimization and depression are both common in Vietnamese adolescents. Those who experienced cyber bullying have a higher likelihood of having symptoms of depression. These findings indicate an urgent need for interventions and policies targeting this emerging type of bullying in Vietnam and similar settings due to its potential harmful effects on adolescents’ health.
External validation of five predictive models for postoperative cardiopulmonary morbidity in a Chinese population receiving lung resection
Authors: Huang Guanghua , Liu Lei , Wang Luyi , Wang Zhile , Wang Zhaojian , Li Shanqing 
Published: February 2022

Background
No postoperative cardiopulmonary morbidity models have been developed or validated in Chinese patients with lung resection. This study aims to externally validate five predictive models, including Eurolung models, the Brunelli model and the Age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index, in a Chinese population.

Methods
Patients with lung cancer who underwent anatomic lung resection between 2018/09/01 and 2019/08/31 in our center were involved. Model discrimination was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Model calibration was evaluated by the Hosmer–Lemeshow test. Calibration curves were plotted. Specificity, sensitivity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value and accuracy were calculated. Model updating was achieved by re-estimating the intercept and/or the slope of the linear predictor and re-estimating all coefficients.

Results
Among 1085 patients, 91 patients had postoperative cardiopulmonary complications defined by the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons. For original models, only parsimonious Eurolung1 had acceptable discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.688, 95% confidence interval 0.630–0.745) and calibration (p = 0.23 > 0.05) abilities simultaneously. Its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 0.700, 0.649, 0.153, 0.960 and 0.653, respectively. In the secondary analysis, increased pleural effusion (n = 94), which was nonchylous and nonpurulent, was labeled as a kind of postoperative complication. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the models increased slightly, but all models were miscalibrated. The original Eurolung1 model had the highest discrimination ability but poor calibration, and thus it was updated by three methods. After model updating, new models showed good calibration and small improvements in discrimination. The discrimination ability was still merely acceptable.

Conclusions
Overall, none of the models performed well on postoperative cardiopulmonary morbidity prediction in this Chinese population. The original parsimonious Eurolung1 and the updated Eurolung1 were the best-performing models on morbidity prediction, but their discrimination ability only achieved an acceptable level. A multicenter study with more relevant variables and sophisticated statistical methods is warranted to develop new models among Chinese patients in the future.
A Rare Case of Anaplastic Astrocytoma
Authors: Durgam Joseph Shankar , Ghungrud Deepali , Alwadkar Indu , Bhagat Ashish , Chadge Rajkumar 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: In adult’s glioblastoma is the most common malignant tumor, which occurs due to the abnormal growth of astrocytes cells. Slightly it is more common in men than females. Standard and quality of care and advanced treatment make a positive impact on patients’ quality of life. However, glioblastoma cannot be cured completely, but treatment approaches such as radiation and chemotherapy may improve the clinical course, but these treatments often takes a heavy toll.
Case Presentation: Here we are reporting about a 45 -years-old male who is admitted to Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital. With the complaints of headache, for 1 year, history of seizure 2 episodes 3 months before then patient is on antiepileptic medication. Patient was conscious with altered mental status. By radiological investigation, it was revealed that there was a right occipital region glioma tradition necrosis was present. In his family, there was no history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus. On physical examination, s1 and s2 sounds were present and it was normal. The tumor was invading the parenchyma of the right transverse sinus. Dura opened in a cruciate manner, the tumor decompress internally which was vascular, and suck able tumor base interface found. Then patient underwent malignant glioma excision i.e., gross total resection of the tumor was done under general anesthesia. After that, he managed with antibiotics, analgesics, antiepileptic, and anti-edema, now the patient was neurologically stable and he was shifted toward. His histopathology report shows anaplastic astrocytoma. Now patient was in stable condition. Hence being discharged with follow-up after 15 days in Neuro OPD.
Conclusion: Glioma is a brain tumor that affects the human body. There is a poor prognosis of this disease and survival time, therapy is limited. But early diagnosis and treatment patients can spend quality of life.
A Systematic Review of Breast Cancer Assessment Risk Model
Authors: Raghuwanshi Vikas , Guru Tanvi , Gharde Pankaj 
Published: February 2022

Breast carcinoma is a carcinoma that develops inside the tissues of the mammary glands. Breast carcinoma is more common in females than in males. A mass inside the breast, bleeding flow from inside nipples, including alterations inside the form or structure of the nipple and breast are all signs of mammary carcinoma. The disease's phase determines the management. Chemotherapeutic, radiotherapy, hormonal treatment, and surgical could all be used. Mammary malignancy comes in numerous forms, the most frequent of which are ductile cancers in situ (DCIS) and aggressive malignancy. Other, such as phyllodes tumors & angiosarcoma, are rare. After the biopsy, breast carcinoma tissues are examined for estrogen receptor progesterone receptors, including HER2. The tumor tissues are usutumorxamined extensively inside the laboratory to determine the grading. Therapeutic choices can be influenced by the particular proteins discovered and the tumor grading. Two primary questions must be answered when evaluating females for therapies to lower their risk of getting breast cancer. How likely is it that they carry a sudden change in a high-risk gene like BRCA1 or BRCA2? What are their chances of getting breast carcinoma if they have this mutation or not? The intervention's suitability would primarily only be determined by the mix of various dangers, including overall threats and advantages of the overall treatment. A multitude of algorithms for calculating potential risks had been developed, having varying levels of success. We are sure that with more advances in the understanding of how to include threatening variables and, ultimately, more Racial variations into these models, we will be capable of identifying accompanied by substantially pronounced precision which females could get carcinoma of the breast.
Occurrence of Retinal Detachment after Cataract Surgery in High Myopics: A Review
Authors: Parashar Shreya , Kesharwani Dipanshu , Varghese Jerin , Sune Pradeep 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Retinal detachment may be defined as the parting of the retina from its sensory layer. It is a medical emergency that needs immediate consultation from an expert ophthalmologist. If untreated in the long term, it can lead to bleeding, total blindness, cataract formation, glaucoma of the affected eye, etc. An increased prevalence of retina detachment is seen after cataract surgery, especially in great myopia patients. There are two types of cataract surgery ECCE and ICCE. These two then again decide further. Phacoemulsification has the most chances of RD in the operated eye. According to some recent studies, there is a 2.3 times more increased risk of RD after cataract surgery due to the vitreous loss during surgery and the undue traction on the peripheral retina or if the pieces of capsule accumulate in the vitreous.
Summary: Retinal detachment is a medical emergency. Retinal detachment is very common after cataract surgery in high myopics—symptoms include-Flashes of light, black-colored floaters, painless sudden diminution of vision.
The surgical management of choice is scleral buckling, usually done under general anesthesia.
Conclusion: This review article is made to make sure that the reader is aware of the high threat that the high myopic population possesses about retinal detachment and the further complications and other risk factors, along with the diagnosis and treatment of choice. It also explains different types of surgery available for the condition, and it depends on the severity of the patient which type of surgery to perform.
Effectiveness and Safety in the Postoperative Period after the Epidural Insertion with Local Anesthetics and Steroids
Authors: Alaspurkar Nitin R. , Chandak Vijay , Chakole Vivek 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Postoperative analgesia is one of the major concerns to significant patients posted for major surgeries. One of the gold standard techniques to control postoperative pain in significant surgeries like lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries is epidural analgesia administration with local anesthetic and opioids. The difficulty in developing a realistic risk/benefit analysis of epidural analgesia has led clinicians to frequently wonder if epidurals are beneficial for post-operative pain management and whether the procedure is safe, which has limited the adoption of the technique. The effectiveness and safety in the postoperative period after the epidural insertion with local anesthetics and steroids in persons posted for surgery are discussed in this review.
Methodology: This review article was written with a systemic literature review with the help of a data search machine-like Pub Med, Scopus, web of sciences, and Google scholar. In this article, observational studies and case reports were included.
Review Findings: The administration of substantial dosages of opioid and LA medications in the intensive care environment can achieve total dynamic pain alleviation, i.e., complete lack of discomfort while moving and coughing, after extensive upper abdominal surgery was achieved. A more practical method is to assess discomfort while movement or sneezing, to have a patient who can move, breathe deeply, and cough successfully while scoring three or less on a VAS scale recorded during moving.
Conclusions: Continuing thoracic epidural anesthesia with a lower dose Local Anesthetics–opioids combo or single-shot epidural injections seems to have the potential to provide good dynamic pain management for several persons, particularly patients undergoing significant abdominal and thoracic operations. Timely mobilization, as well as speedy recovery, require this level of pain alleviation.
Impact of Counseling and Intervention in Preventing the Drug-Related Problems after Hospitalization and Post-Discharge by Clinical Pharmacist
Authors: Konduri Gayathri , Kancherla Harshini , Atla Keerthana , Bollam Akhila , Injeti Neelam 
Published: February 2022

Background and Objectives: A Drug-Related Problem is an event or circumstance involving drug therapy that actually or potentially interferes with desired health outcome. Drug-related problems can occur at any stage of therapy which might be during prescribing, dispensing, administration. DRP’s account for most of the therapeutic failures. The prevention of DRP is the main responsibility of a pharmacist. According to Pharmaceutical care network Europe, system the DRP’S are classified according to problem, the underlying cause, intervention to be made, acceptance of intervention and outcome. The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of interventions and counselling on a preventable drug-related problem by a clinical pharmacist.
Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital for 6 months i.e., December-2020 to may-2021
Results and Discussion: A total of 96 DRPs were identified and resolved in which 68 out of 96 DRPs indicate therapeutic failure, 27 out of 96 DRPs were due to drug dose too high and 54 DRPs were resolved by intervention i.e., changing dosage regimen. DRPs were classified based on the type of error in which 27 out of 96 DRPs are due to over prescription of drugs. 30 patients were counseled during discharge about possible DRPs in which 5 out of 30 patients were counseled for cardiovascular disease and after follow up it was found that only 1 patient was readmitted.
Conclusion: Clinical pharmacist plays a key role in detecting, monitoring, evaluating, resolving and preventing drug-related problems. The Clinical pharmacist has a very positive impact on patients through counselling and follow-up. Therefore, better patient care can be provided.
Comparison of I-gel and Laryngeal Mask Airway Proseal for Clinical Performance in Short Surgical Procedures under General Anaesthesia: A Study Protocol
Authors: Chidipothu Kiranmai , Choudhary (Verma) Neeta 
Published: February 2022

Background: Maintenance of proper airway is one of the most critical duties of an anesthetist during surgical and operative procedures. Facemask and endotracheal tube are traditionally used for airway delivery and maintenance. Supraglottic airway devices(SAD) became a normal fixture in managing airway. I-gel is novel supraglottic device, which is thermoelastic, single use, disposable material. This study compares the Supraglottic Airway Devices I-gel & Laryngeal Mask Airway Proseal in clinical performance in short surgical procedures under general anaesthesia.
Methodology: This Prospective observational comparative study will be conducted at Dept. of Anesthesia, AVBRH, Wardha. 60 patients will be enrolled and randomized in two groups. In Group I, I-gel will be used whereas in Group P, Proseal LMA will be used for spontaneous ventilation during short General anaesthesia procedures. Data will be compiled and statistical analysis will be done by using appropriate statistical tests.
Expected Results: I-gel can be expected to be superior in terms of attempts and duration needed for insertion, hemodynamic stability, and post-operative complications compared to Proseal LMA.
Conclusion: I-gel proves to be superior to PLMA regarding insertion ease and other operational issues.
Evaluation of Preliminary Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant Activity, Isolation and Characterization of Bioactive Compounds in Waltheria indica Linn
Authors: Krishnasamy Velmani , Muruhan Sridevi 
Published: February 2022

Objective: Waltheria indica Linn, a rare endemic medicinal plant in South India, was studied for phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity, and bioactive compound isolation from a hydroalcoholic extract.
Methods: In-vitro methods such as 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazile (DPPH), 2, 2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), and Reducing Power Assay were used in the study. The method of compound isolation was used to isolate pure compounds. Phytochemical components were screened for particular extracts such as hydroalcoholic, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts at different concentrations (50-1000 μg / mL).
Results: Waltheria indica Linn plant phytochemical analysis in hydro-alcoholic extracts, finds alkaloids, flavonoids, hormones, terpenoids, phenols, tannins, and carbohydrates, among other biochemicals. Ethyl acetate included flavonoids, hormones, terpenoids, phenols, and carbohydrates, but no phlobatannine. In Chloroform extract, there was a very small amount of flavonoid, carbohydrate, and resin phytoconstituents. 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (437.73 g / ml), ABTS assay (381.72 g / ml), and power reduction assay (550.14 g / ml). Two bioactive compounds were isolated they are (E, 7R, 11R) - 3,7,11,15 - tetramethyl hexadec-2- en-1-ol Phytol and 2- Methyl hexadecan- 1- ol 1- Hexadecanol (2-methyl).
Conclusion: The current study confirms the presence of various phytochemicals in Waltheria indica hydro-alcoholic extract, as well as its strong antioxidant ability. It can be studied further in the field of pharmaceutical science with the aid of active compound.
Comparative Evaluation of Effect of use of Antifungal (Clotrimazole) Drug in Preventing and Reducing the Severity of Oral Discomforts Like Mucositis, Burning Sensation, Xerostomia and Loss of Taste Sensation in Cervicofacial Radiotherapy
Authors: Lanjekar Ashish , Joshi P. N. , Deshmukh Pranada , Gaikwad Romita , Kukde Monal , Madne Isha , Deotale Komal 
Published: February 2022

Aims: To evaluate the effect of Topical antifungal Clotrimazole in Radiotherapy induced mucositis, burning sensation, xerostomia and loss of taste sensation.
Study Design: Randomised Controlled Trial.
Methodology: 64 patients (52 males and 12 females) undergoing Co60 teletherapy for cervicofacial malignancies. Patients who received a total 60 Gray radiation dose over a period of 6 weeks, with a daily dose of 2 Gray, were included in this study. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups out of which one group was given topical 1% clotrimazole ointment and the other was control group. During the radiotherapy and 6 weeks after the completion of radiotherapy, patients were examined every week for possible oral changes such as mucositis, xerostomia, burning sensation, candidiasis and effect on taste.
Results: There were considerable decrease in patients with severe mucositis and burning sensation in study group compared with control group whereas there was not any significant effect on xerostomia and loss of taste sensation.
Conclusion: Simple topical application of antifungal Clotrimazole can be very effective in reducing the oral discomforts such as mucositis and burning sensation and improved the patient compliance to the treatment.
Antioxidant Activity of Abies webbiana Mediated Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Swetha T. Vinaya , Jeevitha M. , Rajeshkumar S. , Jayaraman Selvaraj 
Published: February 2022

Background: Biological methods for nanoparticle (NP) synthesis using microorganisms, enzymes, and plants or plant extracts have been suggested as possible eco-friendly alternatives to chemical and physical methods.
Aim: The aim of the current study is to synthesize Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) mediated by Abies webbiana and to evaluate its antioxidant activity.
Materials and Methods: Bio-mediated synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles using A. webbiana is a promising alternative to traditional chemical synthesis. The antioxidant activity of zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs was synthesised using DPPH radical scavenging assay.
Results: The ZnO NPs were identified by dark brown color and the surface plasmon resonance was positioned at a peak at 290 nm. Finally, the current study has clearly demonstrated that the ZnO NPs are responsible for significant high antioxidant activities.
Conclusion: Therefore, the study reveals an efficient, eco-friendly, and simple method for the green synthesis of ZnO NPs using a green synthetic approach.
Engineering of Crosslinked Network and Functional Interlayer to Boost Cathode Performance of Tannin for Potassium Metal Batteries
Authors: Luo Wei , Tang Fang , Jiang Yu , Liu Lin , Sun Wenping , Feng Yuezhan , Pan Hongge , Rui Xianhong , Yu Yan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPotassium metal batteries (PMBs) are a compelling technology for large‐scale energy storage due to the abundance of potassium resources and high energy density. A vital obstacle to construct high‐performance PMBs is developing superior cathode materials. Tannin, a plant polyphenol, holding many active sites for redox reactions, is an auspicious high‐capacity cathode. However, the relatively poor conductivity and slight solubility in electrolyte deteriorate its capacity and cycle stability. Herein, the tannin is activated through a crosslinking reaction with polyaniline to obtain a composite cathode (i.e., ATN). It exhibits a high initial capacity of 172 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1, based on the electrochemical reaction mechanisms of embedding/releasing of K+ on CO and PF6− on NH. Moreover, to improve the cycling performance, a graphene oxide modified separator is developed to effectively retard the ATN shuttle. As a result, the capacity retention is significantly enhanced, for example, 82% over 300 cycles at 50 mA g−1. From a practical aspect, a full PMB of K@KxPy||ATN is built up, displaying high energy/power density and superior cycling stability, which is a step forward in the development of PMBs.
Nanomaterials for Quantum Information Science and Engineering
Authors: Alfieri Adam , Anantharaman Surendra B. , Zhang Huiqin , Jariwala Deep 
Published: February 2022

AbstractQuantum information science and engineering (QISE)—which entails the use of quantum mechanical states for information processing, communications, and sensing—and the area of nanoscience and nanotechnology have dominated condensed matter physics and materials science research in the 21st century. Solid‐state devices for QISE have, to this point, predominantly been designed with bulk materials as their constituents. This review considers how nanomaterials (i.e., materials with intrinsic quantum confinement) may offer inherent advantages over conventional materials for QISE. The materials challenges for specific types of qubits, along with how emerging nanomaterials may overcome these challenges, are identified. Challenges for and progress toward nanomaterials‐based quantum devices are condidered. The overall aim of the review is to help close the gap between the nanotechnology and quantum information communities and inspire research that will lead to next‐generation quantum devices for scalable and practical quantum applications.