bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A reduced-memory multi-layer perceptron with systematic network weights generated and trained through distribution hyper-parameters
Authors: Vinayak Neha , Ahmad Shandar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA multi-layer perceptron (MLP) consists of a number of forward-connected weights (Wijk) from each feeding layer node (nij) to the many initially equivalent nodes (ni+1,k) in the next layer. Exact a priori order and search space of these weights (Wijk) is random and prone to redundancy, irreproducibility and non-optimality. We demonstrate that a weight subspace (Wijk for each i and j), generated systematically using a statistical distribution with predefined breakpoints and Genetic algorithm-trained hyper-parameters substantially reduces the computational complexity of an MLP and produces comparable or better performance than similarly trained equivalent models with fully defined weights. This distribution based neural network (DBNN) provides a novel framework to create very large neural network models with currently prohibitive memory requirements.
Kv7 channel antagonists block glycine receptors
Authors: Lu Hsin-Wei , Romero Gabriel E. , Apostolides Pierre F. , Huang Hai , Trussell Laurence O. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractXE991 (10,10-bis(4-pyridinylmethyl)-9(10H)-anthracenone) is currently the most widely used and specific antagonist of the Kv7 (KCNQ) family of K+ channels. We report an unexpected antagonistic effect of this drug on ionotropic glycine receptors. In recordings of synaptic transmission in two brainstem nuclei (the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body and the dorsal cochlear nucleus), 10 μM XE991, a concentration typical for Kv7 studies in brain tissue, inhibited evoked glycinergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) without altering paired-pulse ratio, and also reduced the amplitude of glycinergic miniature IPSCs. These results are indicative of a direct effect of the drug on postsynaptic glycine receptors. XE991 also produced dose-dependent block of the response to exogenously applied glycine, to a degree comparable to the block of synaptic transmission. Moreover, the drug inhibited homomeric glycine receptors expressed on presynaptic membrane of the calyx of Held. The degree of block was independent of glycine concentration, suggesting an allosteric interaction. The effects of XE991 on glycine responses are not likely to reflect block of the glycine-activated Cl- channels themselves, because block was voltage independent, and because GABA-activated Cl- currents were resistant to XE991 at concentrations up to 100 µM. Linopirdine, but not retigabine, also antagonized glycine receptor currents. Given the prevalence of glycine receptor signaling in the brain, these observations should be taken into account in studies of the roles of Kv7 channels in neural circuit function and disease.
Amplification of Olfactory Signals by Anoctamin 9 is Essential for Mammalian Olfaction: a Risk Factor for the Covid-19-associated Anosmia
Authors: Kim Hyungsup , Kim Hyesu , Nguyen Luan Thien , Ha Taewoong , Lim Sujin , Kim Kyungmin , Kim Soon Ho , Han Kyungreem , Hyeon Seung Jae , Ryu Hoon , Park Yong Soo , Kim Sang Hyun , Kim In-Beom , Hong Gyu-Sang , Lee Seung Eun , Choi Yunsook , Cohen Lawrence B. , Oh Uhtaek 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSensing smells of foods, prey, or predators determines animal survival. Olfactory sensory neurons in the olfactory epithelium (OE) detect odorants, where cAMP and Ca2+ play a significant role in transducing odorant inputs to electrical activity. Here we show Anoctamin 9, a cation channel activated by cAMP/PKA pathway, is expressed in the OE and amplifies olfactory signals. Ano9- deficient mice had reduced olfactory behavioral sensitivity, electro-olfactogram signals, and neural activity in the olfactory bulb. In line with the difference in olfaction between birds and other vertebrates, chick ANO9 failed to respond to odorants, whereas chick CNGA2, a major transduction channel, showed greater responses to cAMP. Importantly, single-cell transcriptome data from Covid-19 patients revealed that Ano9 transcripts were markedly suppressed among genes in the olfactory signal pathway. The signal amplification by ANO9 is essential for mammalian olfactory transduction, whose downregulation may be a risk factor for the olfactory dysfunction in Covid-19 patients.
The impact of farm-level variables on federal crop insurance coverage selections
Authors: Boyd Mark , Belasco Eric 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis paper examines the relationship between farm-level variables related to cash flow and premium rates on federal crop insurance coverage selection.Design/methodology/approachUsing farm-level data from the Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS), the authors estimate a linear fixed effects model to evaluate the relationship between farm-level and regional variables and federal crop insurance coverage selections.FindingsThe authors find evidence indicating that expected cash flow plays an important role in coverage level decisions. For example, variables directly related to cash flow, such as higher costs, are associated with significant differences in coverage level selection, though the direction of the association is dependent on the type of costs, whether fixed or variable, while higher revenue higher acreage farms insure at higher coverage levels. In addition, higher premium costs are associated with lower coverage level selections, despite subsidy incentives.Originality/valueThis is the first paper that identifies a potential solution to the puzzling finding that farmers do not consistently maximize coverage level. This research points to the influence of credit constraints as playing a role in limiting coverage level selections.
The role of academic libraries and information specialists during times of health crises in Jordan: the COVID-19 pandemic case
Authors: Hamad Faten , Al-Fadel Maha , Fakhouri Hussam 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
COVID-19 forced libraries and other institutions to either close their doors to users or change their services routines. At this time, the libraries should extend their efforts to meet the increasing demands of information services in terms of quantity and quality of information services. This study aims to explore the role and responsibilities of academic libraries during times of crisis from the staff perception in academic libraries in Jordan.

Design/methodology/approach
A questionnaire was disseminated to 359 library staff who were working at the 10 public universities in Jordan; 295 questionnaires were suitable to analyze, with a response rate of 82.2%.

Findings
The results indicated the importance of increasing academic libraries – specifically academic libraries in Jordan – awareness about the vast and important role of libraries to support research and the public community by providing authentic information sources about the pandemic to increase public awareness about the pandemic, besides contributing to disseminating research related to the pandemic as well as producing related research. Libraries needed to adjust their collection and information services during the crisis as they looked for ways to support the users they serve. The results affirmed that access to information remains the social responsibility of librarians.

Practical implications
The findings will provide insights for other academic libraries on how to react in a crisis and maintain its role as a reliable information source.

Social implications
During the health pandemic, people needed support in terms of getting easy access to authentic and reliable information. Libraries hold a social responsibility to the local community, such as awareness campaigns, posting videos on health practices and hygiene on it websites and social media.

Originality/value
This paper provides insights and practical solutions for academic libraries in response to global health pandemics. It will help academic libraries handle and cope with the challenges of providing distance library services over digital channels.
Estimation of the hydrodynamic parameters of USVs for velocity prediction using a hybrid adaptive strategy
Authors: Yu Rui , Zhou Hua , Ma Siyu , Luo Guifu , Lin Mingwei 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
Hydrodynamic parameter estimation is significant for the velocity prediction of unmanned surface vehicles. Considering the field data’s uncertain nonlinearities (environmental disturbances and measurement noise), this paper aims to propose a hybrid adaptive parameter estimation (HAPE) strategy.

Design/methodology/approach
First, a rough estimation of hydrodynamic parameters is used by the least squares method. Second, an improved adaptive parameter estimation algorithm is applied to compensate for the influence of uncertain nonlinearities and adjust the parameters within the rough range. Finally, it is proved that the calculated velocity asymptotically converges to the actual value during the parameter estimation procedure.

Findings
The numerical simulation and pool experiments are conducted in two scenarios of steady turning and sinusoidal thrust to verify the effectiveness of the proposed HAPE method. The results validate that the accuracy of the predicted velocity using the hydrodynamic model obtained by the HAPE strategy is better than the APE algorithm. In addition, the hydrodynamic parameters estimated with the sinusoidal thrust data are more applicable than the steady turning data.

Originality/value
This study proposes a HAPE strategy that considers the uncertain nonlinearities of the field data. This method provides a more accurate predicted velocity. Besides, as far as we know, it is the first time to analyze the influence of different test conditions on the accuracy of the predicted velocity.
Future-oriented disclosure and corporate value: the role of an emerging economy corporate governance
Authors: Benameur Kameleddine , Hassanein Ahmed , Azzam Mohsen Ebied A.Y. , Elzahar Hany 
Published: March 2022

PurposeKuwait has taken significant steps to reform its corporate governance (CG) by introducing the New Company Law (NCL) in 2013. This study investigates how this reform of CG mechanisms affects the disclosure of future-oriented information. Likewise, it explores how CG mechanisms affect the informativeness of this disclosure.Design/methodology/approachThe sample comprises the nonfinancial firms listed on the Boursa Kuwait from 2014 to 2018. The study uses an automated textual analysis to measure the level of future-oriented disclosure in the annual reports of these firms. The informativeness of disclosure is proxied by firm value at three months of the date of the annual report.FindingsThe study finds that Kuwaiti firms with larger board sizes and substantial ownership by institutional investors are less likely to disseminate future-oriented information. Conversely, firms with more independent directors and larger audit committees are more inclined to provide future-oriented disclosure. Furthermore, the disclosure of future-oriented information carries contents that enhance investors' valuations of Kuwaiti firms, especially in firms with fewer institutional ownership and more prominent audit committees.Research limitations/implicationsIt focuses on management decisions to disclose information in the annual reports. Examining other channels of disseminating information, such as social media disclosure, provides avenues for future research.Practical implicationsPolicy setters in Kuwait should consider the importance of some CG mechanisms to improve the transparency of Kuwaiti firms, as suggested by the NCL. Likewise, investors should rely on such specific CG mechanisms to build their prospects about the firm's value.Originality/valueApart from developed countries, the current study is the first evidence on how CG mechanisms could affect the informativeness of future-oriented disclosure in a developing economy. It is also the first to investigate the new CG mechanism introduced by Kuwait NCL in 2013.
Generating destination brand awareness and image through the firm's social media
Authors: Ghorbanzadeh Davood , Zakieva Rafina Rafkatovna , Kuznetsova Mariya , Ismael Aras Masood , Ahmed Alim Al Ayub 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe role of social media in the tourism industry growth cannot be ignored, because today the internet and social media platforms are one of the most popular information channels used by potential tourists and have become one of the main sources of online travel information. This study investigates the role of content cues of tourism information quality provided in Elie Gasht firm's Instagram page on enhancing awareness of the destination brand and forming users' destination image.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative research design was used to validate the hypotheses proposed in this research. A survey was deployed using the convenience method among 187 users of Elie Gesht's Instagram page to test the theoretical model. The structural relationships in the research were examined using the partial least squares structural equation modeling.FindingsThe findings of the present research indicated that the content cues of the quality of information provided by the firm have a positive effect on enhancing destination brand awareness and in turn improve affective image and cognitive image. Eventually, the content cues of the quality of information provided by the firm impact the formation of a conative image through the affective and cognitive image of the destination.Practical implicationsPragmatically, the findings of this study urge policymakers of tourism companies, managers and destination marketers to take into account the special role of the firm's social media in enhancing destination brand awareness, which in turn promotes destination brand image. Therefore, providing empirical evidence on what leads to the promotion of destination brand awareness and different types of image formation of the destination due to information content quality provided by the firm on social media, provides managerial insights for corporate marketers and tourism destinations.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the body of knowledge on the role of quality of tourism information content presented in the firm's social media by providing empirical evidence on enhancing destination brand awareness and destination image formation. It also helps firm managers and planners build their marketing strategies to attract more customers through social media.
Artificial intelligence (AI) library services innovative conceptual framework for the digital transformation of university education
Authors: Okunlaya Rifqah Olufunmilayo , Syed Abdullah Norris , Alias Rose Alinda 
Published: March 2022

PurposeArtificial intelligence (AI) is one of the latest digital transformation (DT) technological trends the university library can use to provide library users with alternative educational services. AI can foster intelligent decisions for retrieving and sharing information for learning and research. However, extant literature confirms a low adoption rate by the university libraries in using AI to provide innovative alternative services, as this is missing in their strategic plan. The research develops (AI-LSICF) an artificial intelligence library services innovative conceptual framework to provide new insight into how AI technology can be used to deliver value-added innovative library services to achieve digital transformation. It will also encourage library and information professionals to adopt AI to complement effective service delivery.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts a qualitative content analysis to investigate extant literature on how AI adoption fosters innovative services in various organisations. The study also used content analysis to generate possible solutions to aid AI service innovation and delivery in university libraries.FindingsThis study uses its findings to develop an Artificial Intelligence Library Services Innovative Conceptual Framework (AI-LSICF) by integrating AI applications and functions into the digital transformation framework elements and discussed using a service innovation framework.Research limitations/implicationsIn research, AI-LSICF helps increase an understanding of AI by presenting new insights into how the university library can leverage technology to actualise innovation in service provision to foster DT. This trail will be valuable to scholars and academics interested in addressing the application pathways of AI library service innovation, which is still under-explored in digital transformation.Practical implicationsIn practice, AI-LSICF could reform the information industry from its traditional brands into a more applied and resolutely customer-driven organisation. This reformation will awaken awareness of how librarians and information professionals can leverage technology to catch up with digital transformation in this age of the fourth industrial revolution.Social implicationsThe enlightenment of AI-LSICF will motivate library professionals to take advantage of AI's potential to enhance their current business model and achieve a unique competitive advantage within their community.Originality/valueAI-LSICF development serves as a revelation, motivating university libraries and information professionals to consider AI in their strategic plan to enable technology to support university education. This act will enable alternative service delivery in the face of unforeseen circumstances like technological disruption and the present global COVID-19 pandemic that requires non-physical interaction.
Quality improvement 101 in medical imaging: Why, what, how
Authors: Goergen Stacy K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractQuality is consistently doing something well; in healthcare, this centres on providing consistently safe, effective and appropriate, timely and accessible, efficient and equitable care. The ability to identify and rectify failures in the delivery of quality care and to continuously improve the quality of the care we provide is a fundamental requirement of healthcare professionals in the 21st century. There is both a scientific and an empirical basis to quality improvement methodology. The project management techniques that underpin these can be taught, and learned, but rarely are, in postgraduate medical curricula. This overview of how to do a quality improvement project will provide medical imaging professionals with a systematic approach to understanding a problem and its causes, assembling the team to fix it, planning interventions, measuring outcomes and sustaining change. Good project management brings order to what can feel like chaos; time, money and relationships may be saved. Like experiments in the kitchen, not every quality improvement project can or does work; however, there is a recipe, and following it is a good start.
How Virtual Animal Anatomy facilitated a successful transition to online instruction and supported student learning during the coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Martin Jason F. , Arnold Olivia R. , Linton Andrea , Jones Jay D. , Garrett Andrew C. , Mango Damon W. , Juarez Katie A. , Gloeckner Gene , Magee Christianne 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAnatomy faculty with cadaver‐based laboratory courses were presented with a significant challenge in March 2020 to create equivalent learning experiences without cadaveric access. The undergraduate domestic animal anatomy course at the Colorado State University was halfway into a 16‐week semester when COVID‐19 lockdown orders and the transition to remote instruction began. The new course curriculum was critically evaluated using student surveys and course outcome data. Most students (92.5%) agreed that the transition to online learning was a success; however, students who valued face‐to‐face lectures prior to March were less likely to perceive the transition as a success. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of survey results suggest that the resources perceived as most helpful for the transition to online learning were not the same as those that helped facilitate animal anatomy learning. Most students (92.5%) agreed that the Virtual Animal Anatomy (VAA) helped them learn anatomy, and 82.2% indicated that the VAA was a valuable resource following the transition to online learning. Additional resources associated with transition success included course instructors, weekly quizzes, written descriptions of anatomical structures and open laboratory sessions. In contrast, those resources associated with facilitating learning included guided quizzes and asynchronous lecture recordings. These findings suggest that the VAA can support online anatomy learning when used in conjunction with other best practices for online teaching.
Cost outcomes of potentially inappropriate prescribing in middle‐aged adults: A Delphi consensus and cross‐sectional study
Authors: Jayesinghe Ryan , Moriarty Frank , Khatter Amandeep , Durbaba Stevo , Ashworth Mark , Redmond Patrick 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundPotentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) is common in older adults and is associated with increased medication costs and costs of associated adverse drug events. PIP also affects almost 1/5 of middle‐aged adults (45–64 y), as defined by the PRescribing Optimally in Middle‐aged People's Treatments (PROMPT) criteria. However, there has been little research on PIP medication costs within this age group.AimsCalculate the medication costs of PIP for middle‐aged adults according to the 22 PROMPT criteria and compare with the cost of consensus‐validated, evidence‐based (adequate) alternative prescribing scenarios.MethodsAdequate alternatives to the 22 PROMPT criteria were created via literature review. A Delphi consensus panel of experts was recruited (n = 16), supported by a patient and public involvement group, to achieve consensus on the alternatives. A retrospective repeated cross‐sectional study from 2014 to 2019 was then conducted utilising pseudonymised primary care data from Lambeth DataNet in South London (41 general practices, n = 1 185 335, using Lambeth DataNet May 2020 extract) to calculate the cost of PIP.ResultsThe cross‐sectional study included 55 880 patients. The total PIP cost was £2.79 million, with adequate alternative prescribing costing £2.74 million (cost savings of £51 278). Duplicate drug classes was the most costly criterion for both PIP and alternative prescribing.ConclusionThis study calculated the medication costs of PIP and created alternative prescribing scenarios for the 22 PROMPT criteria. There is no substantial cost difference between adequate prescribing vs. PIP. Future studies should investigate the wider health economic costs of alternative prescribing, such as reducing hospital admissions.