bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Removal of Interlayer Water of two Ti3C2Tx MXenes as a Versatile Tool for Controlling the Fermi‐Level Pinning‐Free Schottky Diodes with Nb:SrTiO3
Authors: Makaryan Taron , Okada Yasuaki , Kondo Hiroyuki , Kawasaki Seiji , Suzuki Keigo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStriving for the sixth‐generation communication technology discovery, semiconductors beyond Si with wider bandgaps as well as non‐conventional metals are actively being sought to achieve high speeds whilst maintaining devices miniaturization. 2D materials may provide the potential for downsizing, but their functional advantage over existing counterparts still longs to be discovered. Along that path, surface‐adsorbed or bulk‐intercalated water molecules remaining after wet‐chemical synthesis of 2D materials are generally seen as obstacles to high‐performance achievement. Herein, the control of such water within the interlayers of solution‐processed metallic 2D titanium carbide (MXene) by vacuum annealing duration is demonstrated. Moreover, the impact of water removal on work function (WF) and functional terminations is unveiled for the first time. Furthermore, the usefulness of such water for controlling a novel Schottky diode in contact with an n‐type oxide semiconductor, niobium‐doped strontium titanate (Nb:SrTiO3) is observed. The advantage of MXene compared to conventional gold as facile processing, WF tunability, and lower turn‐on voltage in the Schottky anode application is highlighted. This fundamental study shows the way for a novel Schottky diode preparation in atmospheric conditions and provides implications for further research directions aiming at commercialization.
4D Printing of Overall Radiopaque Customized Bionic Occlusion Devices
Authors: Lin Cheng , Huang Zhipeng , Wang Qinglong , Zou Zhichen , Wang Wenbo , Liu Liwu , Liu Yanju , Leng Jinsong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPercutaneous closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD) can effectively occlude abnormal blood flow between ventricles. However, commonly used Nitinol occlusion devices have non‐negligible limitations, such as nondegradability leading to life‐threatening embolization; limited device size predisposing to displacement and wear; only a few radiopaque markers resulting in inaccurate positioning. Nevertheless, the exploration of customized, biodegradable, and overall radiopaque occluders is still vacant. Here, overall radiopaque, biodegradable, and dynamic reconfigurable 4D printed VSD occluders are developed. Based on wavy bionic structures, various VSD occluders are designed and manufactured to adapt to the position diversity of VSD. The customized configuration, biocompatibility, and biodegradability of the developed 4D printed bionic occluders can eliminate the series of complications caused by traditional occluders. The overall radiopacity of 4D printed VSD occluders is validated ex vivo and in vivo, whereby accurate positioning can be assured. Notably, the preparation strategies for 4D printed occluders are scalable, eliminating the barriers to mass production, and marking a meaningful step in bridging the gap between modeling and clinical application of 4D printed occlusion devices. This work opens attractive perspectives for the rapid manufacturing of customized intelligent medical devices for which overall radiopacity, dynamic reconfigurability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability are sought.
Probiotic‐Inspired Nanomedicine Restores Intestinal Homeostasis in Colitis by Regulating Redox Balance, Immune Responses, and the Gut Microbiome
Authors: Xu Jiaqi , Xu Junchao , Shi Tongfei , Zhang Yinlong , Chen Fangman , Yang Chao , Guo Xinjing , Liu Guangna , Shao Dan , Leong Kam W. , Nie Guangjun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMicrobiota‐based therapeutics offer innovative strategies to treat inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). However, the poor clinical outcome so far and the limited flexibility of the bacterial approach call for improvement. Inspired by the health benefits of probiotics in alleviating symptoms of bowel diseases, bioartificial probiotics are designed to restore the intestinal microenvironment in colitis by regulating redox balance, immune responses, and the gut microbiome. The bioartificial probiotic comprises two components: an E. coli Nissle 1917‐derived membrane (EM) as the surface and the biodegradable diselenide‐bridged mesoporous silica nanoparticles (SeM) as the core. When orally administered, the probiotic‐inspired nanomedicine (SeM@EM) adheres strongly to the mucus layer and restored intestinal redox balance and immune regulation homeostasis in a murine model of acute colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate. In addition, the respective properties of the EM and SeM synergistically alter the gut microbiome to a favorable state by increasing the bacterial diversity and shifting the microbiome profile to an anti‐inflammatory phenotype. This work suggests a safe and effective nanomedicine that can restore intestinal homeostasis for IBDs therapy.
Unlock the Potassium Storage Behavior of Single‐Phased Tungsten Selenide Nanorods via Large Cation Insertion
Authors: Zhao Zhongchen , Xu Tian , Yu Xuebin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMetal chalcogenide anodes with a layered structure have been regarded as potential K‐based electrochemical energy storage devices with high energy density for large‐scale energy storage applications. However, their development is impeded by the slow K‐ion transport kinetics and poor structural stability. In this work, the energy‐storage behavior is investigated first and decisively associated them with the capacity‐degradation of the promising layer‐structured WSe2 from an integrated chemical and physical point of view. Then, a single‐phased WSe2 with pre‐intercalated high K content (SP‐KxWSe2) is designed to overcome the capacity‐degradation issue fundamentally. Theoretical calculations clarify the beneficial effect of K‐ions inside the interlayer of WSe2 on boosting its electrochemical performance, including increasing the electronic conductivity, promoting the K‐ion diffusivity, and improving the structural stability. The novel design enables the K‐ions pre‐intercalated WSe2 anode material to exhibit a high reversible specific capacity of 211 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 and superior cycling stability (89.3% capacity retention after 5000 cycles at 1 A g−1). Especially, the K‐ion hybrid capacitor, assembled from the anode of SP‐KxWSe2 and the cathode of porous activated carbon, delivers superior energy‐density up to 175 Wh kg−1, high power‐density as well as exceptional cycling stability.
Repulsive Osmotic Delamination: 1D Dissolution of 2D Materials
Authors: Dudko Volodymyr , Khoruzhenko Olena , Weiß Sebastian , Daab Matthias , Loch Patrick , Schwieger Wilhelm , Breu Josef 
Published: November 2022

Abstract2D materials have proved their potential in nearly every area of material science and chemistry. Unfortunately, large‐scale production of nanosheets is not straightforward. Current methods suffer from low yield, uncontrollable defects, and requires a high‐energy input. There is always a tradeoff between high quality and high yield. In this review, the alternative is highlighted to existing methods of 2D nanosheet production – 1D dissolution, historically known as osmotic swelling. As a thermodynamically driven, and therefore spontaneous, process it provides numerous benefits such as high aspect ratio and defect‐free nanosheets with a quantitative yield. In this review, the theory behind this process is discussed, compare it with the existing methods, and highlight the key features that allow to extend 1D dissolution to different charged layered materials. Moreover, the applications in which nanosheets obtained by 1D dissolution proved to be advantageous due to their unique, processing‐related features are discussed.
A Movable Drug Carrier with High Affinity to Bacteria for Precise Antibacterial Therapy
Authors: jiang Jiwei , Wei Yuansong , Chen Zhaomin , Xu Jia , Zhang Hui , Dong Bin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPathogenic bacteria infection, which is an extremely serious clinical problem, could be effectively treated by the antibiotics, but the misuse of antibiotics caused by imprecise transportation is a huge problem that causes the emergence of multidrug‐resistant bacteria, which can kill millions of people. Herein, a drug‐carrier is developed that can deliver antibiotics precisely to the bacteria and kill bacteria efficiently, thus avoiding the misuse of antibiotics. These drug carriers, consisting of ciprofloxacin (cip)‐loaded CaCO3 coated by asymmetrical glycol chitosan (GCS) (cip‐loaded CaCO3@GCS carriers, abbreviated as CC@GCs), could move autonomously in the acidic environment caused by the bacteria‐infection, which is based on the asymmetric pressure generated by the CO2 concentration gradient due to the asymmetric reaction between CaCO3 and acid. The motion of CC@GCs increases its probability to contact the bacteria, leading to the formation of effective electrostatic binding between them. The combination of movement and enhanced affinity to bacteria enable CC@GCs to precisely deliver drug to bacteria and kill them more efficiently as compared to the free drug, which shows effective treatment in bacterial infection abscess on skin with improved drug utilization. The CC@GCs based drug carriers have great potentials in treating bacterial infection with precision for efficient antibacterial therapy and alleviating the antibiotic misusage.
Bi2O2Te Nanosheets Saturable Absorber‐Based Passive Mode‐Locked Fiber Laser: From Soliton Molecules to Harmonic Soliton
Authors: Hui Zhanqiang , Bu Xiaofeng , Wang Yuanhong , Han Dongdong , Gong Jiamin , Li Lu , Li Xiaohui , Yan Shuangyi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs a recent addition to the emerging 2D bismuth oxychalcogenides (Bi2O2X, where X = S, Se, and Te), atomically‐thin bismuth oxytellurium (Bi2O2Te) exhibits unique thermoelectric and photoelectric properties. In this study, high‐quality Bi2O2Te nanosheets (NSs)‐based saturable absorber (SA) with a modulation depth of 8.2% is developed using the liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) method and is successfully applied to a passively mode‐locked Er‐doped fiber laser (EDFL) for the first time (with reference to the available literature). Due to the excellent nonlinear saturable absorption property of Bi2O2Te NSs, various switchable and stable mode‐locking states can be realized in the same EDFL, including fundamental frequency conventional soliton (CS), soliton molecules, and harmonic mode‐locking (HML) states. Among them, the CS pulse at 7.48 MHz (fundamental frequency) with a high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of 67.25 dB is obtained. The 2nd, 3rd, and 4th‐order soliton molecules are observed with a soliton pulse separation of ≈6.2 ps. Moreover, for HML, a maximum repetition rate of 1.78 GHz (i.e., corresponding to the 238th‐order harmonic) is obtained. The results reveal that Bi2O2Te NSs demonstrate excellent nonlinear optical modulation properties and can serve as a fundamental basis for promotion of academic research and innovation of engineering applications involving ultrafast photonics.
Moisture‐Resistant Chiral Perovskites for White‐Light Circularly Polarized Photoluminescence
Authors: Peng Yu , Wang Xing , Li Lina , Ye Huang , Yang Shuang , Yang Hua Gui , Luo Junhua , Hou Yu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCircularly polarized luminescence (CPL) has recently caught increasing attention owing to its widespread applications from 3D display to quantum‐based optical computation. Among various CPL‐active materials, low‐dimensional hybrid perovskites have risen to prominence, benefiting from their excellent structural flexibility and optoelectronic properties. However, the exploration of hybrid perovskites with white‐CPL remains a challenge and most of them suffer from moisture instability. Here, a pair of moisture‐resistant 1D hybrid perovskites, (R‐C5H14N2)PbBr4·H2O (1R) and (S‐C5H14N2)PbBr4·H2O (2S), are reported in which [PbBr42−]∞ double chains are surrounded by chiral cations and water molecules forming the bulk assembled quantum‐helix structures. The strong quantum confinement in these unique structures facilitates exciton self‐trapping, which further synergizes the effect of chiral cations, endowing 1R and 2S with opposite broadband yellowish white‐CPL with a luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) of 1.8 × 10−3 and a color rendering index up to 81. Notably, the dehydrated 1R can be recovered in humid air (60% relative humidity) within a few minutes via reabsorption of water molecules, exhibiting excellent moisture resistance, which is much better than most reported hybrid perovskites. A new path is paved here to further exploration of moisture‐resistant CPL‐active materials for multifunctional applications.
In‐Situ Constructuring of Copper‐Doped Bismuth Catalyst for Highly Efficient CO2Electrolysis to Formate in Ampere‐Level
Authors: Shen Haidong , Zhao Yike , Zhang Ling , He Yuan , Yang Shaowei , Wang Tianshuai , Cao Yueling , Guo Ying , Zhang Qiuyu , Zhang Hepeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCO2electrochemical reduction (CO2RR) can mitigate environmental issues while providing valuable products, yet challenging in activity, selectivity, and stability. Here, a CuS‐Bi2S3heterojunction precursor is reported that can in situ reconstruct to Cu‐doped Bismuth (CDB) electrocatalyst during CO2RR. The CDB exhibits an industrial‐compatible current density of −1.1 A cm−2and a record‐high formate formation rate of 21.0 mmol h−1 cm−2at −0.86 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode toward CO2RR to formate, dramatically outperforming currently reported catalysts. Importantly, the ultrawide potential region of 1050 mV with high formate Faradaic efficiency of over 90% and superior long‐term stability for more than 100 h at −400 mA cm−2can also be realized. Experimental and theoretical studies reveal that the remarkable CO2RR performance of CDB results from the doping effect of Cu which optimizes adsorption of the *OCHO and boosts the structural stability of metallic bismuth catalyst. This study provides valuable inspiration for the design of element‐doping electrocatalysts to enhance catalytic activity and durability.
Carbon‐Nanotube‐Bridging Strategy for Integrating Single Fe Atoms and NiCo Nanoparticles in a Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalyst toward High‐Efficiency and Long‐Life Rechargeable Zinc–Air Batteries
Authors: Ding Shichao , He Lin , Fang Lingzhe , Zhu Yuanzhi , Li Tao , Lyu Zhaoyuan , Du Dan , Lin Yuehe , Li Jin‐Cheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe development of highly efficient and robust bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction (ORR) and evolution reactions (OER) is the key issue for realizing high‐performance and long‐life rechargeable zinc–air batteries (ZABs). However, it is still a great challenge to integrate independent ORR and OER sites in a catalyst with high activity. Here, a carbon nanotube‐bridging strategy is proposed to synthesize such a bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst enriched with highly active single‐atom Fe sites for the ORR and high‐performance nanosized NiCo hydroxides for the OER. Consequently, the developed catalyst shows a small overpotential difference of 0.686 V. When used as an oxygen electrode catalyst, the corresponding ZAB exhibits a large power density of 219.5 mW cm−2, a small charge–discharge voltage gap of 0.72 V at 10 mA cm−2, and outstanding discharge–charge durability without attenuation after more than 700 cycles. This work proposes a new idea to realize multifunctional catalysts and drives the practical application of ZABs.
Solvent‐Induced Anti‐Aggregation Evolution on Small Molecule Electron‐Transporting Layer for Efficient, Scalable, and Robust Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Song Xin , Song Yuanxia , Xu Hao , Gao Shenzheng , Wang Yanfeng , Li Junjie , Hai Jiefeng , Liu Wenzhu , Zhu Weiguo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe severe aggregation property of the small molecule electron‐transporting layer (ETL) not only deteriorates the photovoltaic performance and operational reliability but also constrains its compatibility with large‐scale coating techniques. Herein, by applying N,N′‐Bis{3‐[3‐(Dimethylamino)propylamino]propyl}perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic diimide (PDINN) (a well‐known ETL) as a demo, a solvent‐induced anti‐aggregation (SIAA) strategy is proposed to cope with these hurdles via the mixing of ethanol and trifluoroethanol solvents at an optimal volume ratio. In situ photoluminescence and dynamic light scattering synergistically reveals the suppressed aggregation behavior of the SIAA‐treated PDINN dispersion during the film‐forming process. Owing to this amendment, the film quality and electron‐transport capability of the PDINN layer are remarkably enhanced. In consequence, based on the PM6:L8‐BO system, a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.0% together with an impressive fill factor of 80.6% is harvested. A 1 cm2 device with an excellent PCE of 16.6% is also fabricated using the doctor‐blading SIAA‐treated PDINN ink. More strikingly, this SIAA treatment impels better reliability under long‐term shelf‐lifetime and thermal stress periods. This work provides a promising and tractable approach to address the inherent self‐aggregation issue of electron‐transporting materials, which is beneficial for the development of efficient and stable organic optoelectronic devices.
Interface and Surface Engineering Realized High Efficiency of 13% and Improved Thermal Stability in Mg3Sb1.5Bi0.5‐Based Thermoelectric Generation Devices
Authors: Wu Xinzhi , Lin Yangjian , Han Zhijia , Li Huan , Liu Chengyan , Wang Yupeng , Zhang Pengxiang , Zhu Kang , Jiang Feng , Huang Jian , Fan Haohan , Cheng Feng , Ge Binghui , Liu Weishu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRealizing high‐temperature thermal stability in thermoelectric (TE) generators is a critical challenge. In this study, a synergistic interface and surface optimization strategy is implemented to enhance Mg3Sb1.5Bi0.5 TE generator performance by employing FeCrTiMnMg thermoelectric interface materials and the MgMn‐based alloy protective coating. The competitive output power density (ω) of 1.7 W cm−2 and a conversion efficiency (η) of 13% for the single‐leg device are achieved at hot‐side temperature (Th) and cold‐side temperature (Tc) of 500 and 5 °C, respectively. An ω of 0.8 W cm−2 and η of 6% for the two‐couple TE devices with p‐type commercial Bi2Te3 are also realized, values that are competitive with the commercial Bi2Te3 device. Additionally, the single‐leg device shows a high stable η for over 100 h when the Th and Tc are 400 and 5 °C, respectively, with an change rate (Δηmax/ηmax,o) of <3%. In situ transmission electron microscopy analysis further reveals that the high stability results from the effectively sluggish interdiffusion and reduced Mg evaporation that decrease the chemical potential gradient, reduce the saturated vapor pressure, and increase the diffusion activation energy barrier. This study provides a general technique route for boosting the high‐temperature thermal stability of TE generator.
Modeling, simulation, and optimization of multiproduct cryogenic air separation unit startup
Authors: Quarshie Anthony W. K. , Swartz Christopher L. E. , Madabhushi Pranav B. , Cao Yanan , Wang Yajun , Flores‐Cerrillo Jesus 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe startup of multiproduct cryogenic air separation plants takes several hours, during which time limited revenue is generated with high costs incurred due to the highly energy‐intensive nature of these operations. This motivates the development of high‐fidelity dynamic models to capture the complexity of the startup process to aid decision‐making. This article focuses on the development of a startup model for a multiproduct air separation unit (ASU), and its use in dynamic simulation and optimization. To accomplish this, a first‐principles based dynamic ASU model is extended by including various discontinuities using smooth approximations, adding dynamics to the primary heat exchanger, and extending the handling phase change within process streams. Dynamic simulations demonstrate plant response behavior during startup, including a failed startup resulting from an injudicious choice of input trajectory. In addition, improvement of startup operation is demonstrated through the incorporation of the model within a dynamic optimization framework.
Conducting clinical genomics research during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Lessons learned from the CSER consortium experience
Authors: Kraft Stephanie A. , Russell Heidi , Bensen Jeannette T. , Bonini Katherine E. , Robinson Jill O. , Sahin‐Hodoglugil Nuriye , Renna Kathleen , Hindorff Lucia A. , Kaufman Dave , Horowitz Carol R. , Waltz Margaret , Zepp Jamilyn M. , Knight Sara J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractClinical research studies have navigated many changes throughout the COVID‐19 pandemic. We sought to describe the pandemic′s impact on research operations in the context of a clinical genomics research consortium that aimed to enroll a majority of participants from underrepresented populations. We interviewed (July to November 2020) and surveyed (May to August 2021) representatives of six projects in the Clinical Sequencing Evidence‐Generating Research (CSER) consortium, which studies the implementation of genome sequencing in the clinical care of patients from populations that are underrepresented in genomics research or are medically underserved. Questions focused on COVID′s impact on participant recruitment, enrollment, and engagement, and the transition to teleresearch. Responses were combined and thematically analyzed. Projects described factors at the project, institutional, and community levels that affected their experiences. Project factors included the project′s progress at the pandemic′s onset, the urgency of in‐person clinical care for the disease being studied, and the degree to which teleresearch procedures were already incorporated. Institutional and community factors included institutional guidance for research and clinical care and the burden of COVID on the local community. Overall, being responsive to community experiences and values was essential to how CSER navigated evolving challenges during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Asymmetric Organocatalytic Reactions of Activated Racemic Allenes
Authors: Jamwal Paru , Vaid Himani , Ananda Rao Gunda , Gurubrahamam Ramani , Chen Kwunmin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAsymmetric organocatalytic reactions of various electron‐deficient racemic allenes with a wide variety of nucleophiles and electrophiles were reviewed. The literature on enantioselective functionalization of allenes that employs chiral phosphine, amine, phase transfer, bifunctional, and Brønsted acid catalysis is presented along with the mechanisms. In addition, the review emphasizes methods of obtaining enantioenriched allenes from racemic allenes via organocatalytic (dynamic) kinetic resolution techniques. The synthetic utility of the developed methodologies toward the target‐orientated biologically active molecules is narrated along with the examples.
Visible Light‐Mediated Cyclisation Reaction for the Synthesis of Highly‐Substituted Tetrahydroquinolines and Quinolines
Authors: Sherborne Grant J. , Kemmitt Paul , Prentice Callum , Zysman‐Colman Eli , Smith Andrew D. , Fallan Charlene 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCondensation of 2‐vinylanilines and conjugated aldehydes followed by an efficient light‐mediated cyclisation selectively yields either substituted tetrahydroquinolines with typically high dr, or in the presence of an iridium photocatalyst the synthesis of quinoline derivatives is demonstrated. These atom economical processes require mild conditions, with the substrate scope demonstrating excellent site selectivity and functional group tolerance, including azaarene‐bearing substrates. A thorough experimental mechanistic investigation explores multiple pathways and the key role that imine and iminium intermediates play in the absorption of visible light to generate reactive excited states. The synthetic utility of the reactions is demonstrated on gram scale quantities in both batch and flow, alongside further manipulation of the medicinally relevant products.