bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PSVI-12 Ghrelin Plasm Concentrations are Greater in High- vs low-RFI Hampshire Male Lambs within a Transient Surge of Secretion Just Before a Scheduled Meal Feeding
Authors: Pérez-Álvarez José G , Martínez-Quintana José A , Jahuey-Martínez Francisco J , Corral-Luna Agustin , Domínguez-Viveros Joel , Sifuentes-Rincón Ana A , Rodríguez-Almeida Felipe A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The aim was to explore potential differences on ghrelin plasm concentrations between efficient and inefficient lambs within a transient surge of ghrelin secretion just before a scheduled meal feeding. Six high- (256±19 g) and six low-RFI (-242±19 g) Hampshire entire male lambs (Age=168±2 d and BW=63±5 kg) were taken out of 25 individuals in a 56-d GrowSafe SystemsÒ feeding trial. After a 10-d adaptation to a once-daily ad-libitum feed offering (0900 h), at d11 three lambs from each RFI group continued the once-daily feeding schedule (FED), whereas feed was withheld from the other three lambs (FAST) from each RFI group for 24-h (d11 to d12). Blood samples were collected via indwelling jugular catheter. In d11, ghrelin plasm concentrations were determined by ELISA in all animals at 0800, 0840, 0900, 1000 and 1100, and d12 at 0900, 1000 and 1100 in the FAST group. A linear model for repeated measures was adjusted with PROC MIXED of SAS. Plasm ghrelin levels began to increase at 0800, and RFI groups reached significant difference (P &lt; 0.05) within both FED and FAST groups at 0840, with the greatest difference at peak concentrations at 0900 h (3.9±0.2 vs 2.4±0.2 and 3.9±0.2 vs 3.0±0.2 ng/ml for high vs low RFI, respectively). In the descendent phase of the curve for the FED group, one hour after feeding, ghrelin plasm concentration levels continued to be greater (P &lt; 0.05) for high RFI vs low RFI animals and reached basal levels by 1100 h. For the FAST group, ghrelin concentrations continued to increase averaging maximum concentrations at the end of feed restriction, 0900 h of d12, being 4.9±0.2 ng/mL for the high RFI animals and 3.5±0.2 ng/mL for the low RFI ones. In conclusion, high RFI lambs show more pronounced transient surge of ghrelin secretion just before a scheduled meal feeding than low RFI lambs.
PSXII-18 Genome-Wide Association for Behavioral Anestrus in Swine
Authors: Wijesena Hiruni R , Nonneman Dan J , Rohrer Gary A , Keel Brittney N , Snelling Warren M , Lents Clay A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Gilts represent a significant portion of breeding females, and producer success largely depends on lifetime prolificacy and number of lifetime litters produced. Expression and precise detection of first estrus are key components for successful breeding. Failure to express behavioral signs of estrus, also known as prebreeding anestrus, affects 10-30% of gilts resulting in premature culling. Behavioral anestrus (BA), that is ovulatory cycles of the ovary without signs of estrus, is a major type of prebreeding anestrus that affects up to 5% of the gilt population at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center. Examination of ovaries revealed that 38% of BA gilts had exhibited more than one ovulatory cycle. Identification of genomic predictors of BA could minimize prebreeding anestrus in gilts. Data collected from normal cyclic (n=2,421) and BA gilts (n=515) from a multigeneration Yorkshire-Landrace-Duroc composite population were used for a case-control genome-wide association to identify candidate genes and cell signaling pathways associated with BA in gilts. The genomic heritability for BA in the population was 0.35. Fifty-six genome-wide significant SNP were identified with proportion of phenotypic variance explained by each SNP ranging from 0.009 to 0.06. Quantitative trait loci identified for BA harbor candidate genes involved in olfaction (OR13H1) and behavioral disorders (PLCB4). Biologically this is expected because, activation of olfactory pathways by boar pheromones is important to stimulate female lordosis behavior and sexual receptivity to boar. Several candidate genes identified for BA (IGSF1, MSTN, RXRG) were previously reported for age at puberty in humans and cattle suggesting the pleiotropic nature of these genes influencing multiple estrus related traits in different species. To our knowledge this is the first large scale association analysis performed for BA in pigs and these data are an important first step to facilitate future studies to identify functional polymorphisms regulating estrus behavior in gilts.The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
PSXII-20 Use of Statistical Process Control to Evaluate the Effect of Isoquinoline Alkaloids Supplementation on Productive Performance of Growing-Finishing Pigs
Authors: Artuso Valeria c , Steiner Tobias c , Cano Emilio , Ribeiro Flavio , Morillo-Alujas Alberto 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Statistical process control (SPC) is a statistical method that can be used to evaluate the production variation in swine operations, thus facilitating decision making. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of plant-derived isoquinoline alkaloids (IQs) supplementation on production performance of growing-finishing pigs by using SPC.The experiment was carried out in a commercial swine integration in Spain. Historical control (calibration) data was compiled from 2017 to June 2020. During this period, all animals received a standard commercial diet. During the treatment period, which started in July 2020 and lasted until February 2021, all pigs were fed the standard diet supplemented with 1 kg/t feed of a plant-based IQ product (Phytobiotics Futterzusatzstoffe GmbH, Eltville, Germany), from day 70 of life until slaughter. Data recorded during both, historical control and treatment periods included feed conversion ratio (FCR), average daily gain (ADG, g/d), average daily feed intake (ADFI, g/d), cost of medicines (Euro/pig), runts (%) and mortality rate (%). SPC tools were used to monitor the previously described performance parameters. CUSUM control charts were obtained for all parameters and for each nutritional and health cluster to show the evolution or the changes of each parameter. The results showed that pigs supplemented with IQs had a lower FCR, increased ADG and reduced cost in medications as compared to the control period (p ≤ 0.05; Table 1). SPC methods were successfully implemented to evaluate the effect of IQs supplementation on growth performance of grow-finish pigs. The results of the study indicated that IQs supplementation improved FCR and ADG, whereas the cost of medication was significantly reduced. Therefore, IQs supplementation in pigs from day 70 of life until slaughter could be a good strategy to improve the efficiency and profitability of the production system.
Urban bird diversity: does abundance and richness vary unexpectedly with green space attributes?
Authors: Thompson Rebecca , Tamayo Mariana , Sigurðsson Snorri 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Urban bird diversity has been shown to be a useful indicator of overall biodiversity in urban green spaces. Attributes of green spaces (size, location and age) vary within a city and can influence bird diversity. To understand the relationship between bird diversity and green space attributes, we assessed bird abundance and richness in several green spaces in Reykjavik, Iceland. Fifteen green spaces were selected, representing different size categories (small: &lt;5 ha and large: 7–41 ha) and different locations within the urban sprawl (central and suburban). Thirteen transect surveys were conducted at each park from March to September 2020. Abundance, species richness, the Shannon diversity index and evenness were compared across parks. Abundance, Shannon index and evenness were significantly higher in large, intermediate-aged parks with residential urban contexts (P &lt; 0.05). Richness did not vary significantly with park size but was significantly higher in old- and intermediate-age parks that were centrally located (P &lt; 0.005). Bird diversity did not vary significantly over the survey season. For abundance, our results were expected: the larger the park, the greater the abundance. However, contrary to most studies, the suburbs of Reykjavik had less richness than the city center. Furthermore, park size was not relevant for richness, which is the main factor in other cities (e.g. London, Boston). These differences in response indicate that abundance and richness should be considered simultaneously when monitoring urban bird diversity. Lastly, small urban parks (&lt;5 ha) should not be disregarded in urban planning, especially in high latitude cities.
Safe Administration and Low Healthcare Utilization Following Musculoskeletal Corticosteroid Injections by U. S. Military Physical Therapists
Authors: Samson Jeremiah Y , Anderson Danielle N , Hooper Troy L , Sizer Phillip S , Hando Benjamin R , Brismée Jean-Michel 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries make up a significant proportion of conditions treated by military healthcare providers during wartime. Though many common MSK injuries may benefit from corticosteroid injection (CSI), a shortage of qualified military clinicians has led to diminished access to appropriate care. Longer wait times to receive treatment pose detrimental effects on military readiness and have garnered the attention of military leaders. One solution was the development of advanced training for United States Air Force physical therapists (USAF PTs) to gain clinical privileges in administering CSI. The objectives of this study were to determine in USAF PTs (1) the prevalence of those with privileges to administer CSI; (2) the type and (3) safety of MSK CSI administered; (4) incidence of CSI complications; (5) healthcare utilization following CSI; and (6) barriers to obtaining and practicing CSI privileges.

Materials and Methods
United States Air Force PTs with CSI privileges received instructions to follow a link to an anonymous Google survey. Electronic medical record reviews were conducted by three USAF PTs to determine the occurrence and severity of CSI complications provided by USAF PTs and advanced healthcare providers (AHPs). The principal investigator conducted further review of the patients’ electronic medical records to calculate healthcare utilization following CSI administered by USAF PTs. A hospital administrator selected cases of similar diagnoses treated with CSI by USAF AHPs. The number selected cases treated by AHPs are similar to the number of CSI cases treated by USAF PTs.

Results
Eleven USAF PTs held CSI privileges. No major complications associated with CSI were recorded. Of the 95 CSI cases treated by USAF PTs, 27 (28.4%) reported increased pain compared to 24 (27.9%) of 86 CSI cases treated by AHPs (P = .94). Healthcare utilization for the number of follow-up visits, imaging, and additional laboratory tests following CSI by USAF PTs was lower compared to AHPs (chi-square; P &lt; .0069).

Conclusion
Nine percentage of USAF PTs held CSI privileges. United States Air Force PTs were equally safe as AHPs who administered CSI and associated with a lower rate of healthcare utilization following the intervention. Training USAF PTs to administer CSI could be the standard for all USAF PTs who meet qualification requirements. Adoption of similar training and credentialing policies for civilian PTs warrants further exploration.
A chemical analysis of seven red giants of the Galactic cluster NGC 4349
Authors: Holanda N , Ramos André A , Peña Suárez V J , Martinez Cintia F , Pereira C B 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
In this study, we undertake a comprehensive investigation of seven red giant stars of NGC 4349 (#005, #009, #079, #127, #168, #174, and #203) and one non-member star (#053). Accurate abundances of 19 chemical species and 12C/13C isotopic ratio are determined using high-signal-to-noise FEROS spectra and standard spectroscopic analysis. Seven of the giant stars in our sample present a mean iron abundance of [Fe/H] = −0.16 ± 0.04, while the star NGC 4349−053 is classified as a non-member of the cluster, based on the membership analysis with the upmask code. Also, we estimate an age of 282 ± 32 Myr and E(B − V) = 0.40 ±0.02, after fitting an isochrone for the metallicity of NGC 4349 and with the photometric and astrometric data sets from the literature. Furthermore, we carry out for the first time a chemical composition study for star $\#079$, so far neglected in the literature. This red giant star is in a binary system and presents chemical abundances compatible with the open cluster. However, its parallax and proper-motion components suggest otherwise. Finally, we identify NGC 4349 as a young open cluster with slightly enriched s-process elements ([s/Fe] = +0.16 ± 0.05 dex). In the context of the so-called chemical clocks, NGC 4349 presents a concordance with some observed relationships for H-burning elements and α- and s-process elements.
Gravitational lensing of gravitational waves: Probability of microlensing in galaxy-scale lens population
Authors: Meena Ashish Kumar , Mishra Anuj , More Anupreeta , Bose Sukanta , Bagla Jasjeet Singh 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
With the increase in the number of observed gravitational wave (GW) signals, detecting strongly lensed GWs by galaxies has become a real possibility. Lens galaxies also contain microlenses (e.g. stars and black holes), introducing further frequency-dependent modulations in the strongly lensed GW signal within the LIGO frequency range. The multiple lensed signals in a given lens system have different underlying macro-magnifications (|μ|) and are located in varied microlens densities (Σ•), leading to different levels of microlensing distortions. This work quantifies the fraction of strong lens systems affected by microlensing using realistic mock observations. We study 50 quadruply imaged systems (quads) by generating 50 realizations for each lensed signal. However, our conclusions are equally valid for lensed signals in doubly imaged systems (doubles). The lensed signals studied here have |μ| ∼ [0.5, 10] and Σ• ∼ [10, 103]M⊙ pc−2. We find that the microlensing effects are more sensitive to the macro-magnification than the underlying microlens density, even if the latter exceeds 103M⊙ pc−2. The mismatch between lensed and unlensed GW signals rarely exceeds 1 per cent for nearly all binary black hole sources in the total mass range [10M⊙, 200M⊙]. This implies that microlensing is not expected to affect the detection or the parameter estimation of such signals and does not pose any further challenges in identifying the different lensed counterparts when macro-magnification is ≤10. Such a magnification cut is expected to be satisfied by ∼50 per cent of the detectable pairs in quads and ∼90 per cent of the doubles in the fourth observing run of the LIGO–Virgo detector network.
Transformative Justice
Authors: Patricia O’Brien , Willison Judith S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter recognizes that the members of society have a choice in constructing accountability mechanisms for public safety. The necessary reconstruction begins by abolishing oppressive and violent surveillance, confinement, and control structures. This chapter summarizes what has been learned from state and federal efforts meant to decrease jail and prison admissions and curtail the reach of the carceral systems into families and communities. It then describes restorative practices as an alternative to the penal system that provides a broader avenue for coconstructed interpersonal solutions that can replace retribution and punishment systems. The chapter concludes with the promise of transformative justice by describing the current and future avenues that enable people with lived experience to join social workers and their allies in the movement to create a world without prisons.
Mango Blossoms
Authors: Rai Zahra 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Zahra Rai’s “Mango Blossoms” skilfully interweaves the overlapping threads of first love, a love for music and an immersion in nature. Shami, the youthful protagonist loves all the young men who come to her house presumably to meet her brother, but she thinks that it is she who is the real reason for their visits. She likes each of them for different reasons – good looks, an attractive voice, an interesting style of speaking, or even the fact of someone owning a big American car or a fancy television set, in which case youth is not a requirement. But there is among them her ‘special’ man, of whom she thinks all the time. The descriptions of Shami’s physical beauty are as sensual as those of the musical raags. The story follows the love between the young couple, which, like a raag by Amir Khan, progresses imperceptibly in gestures and asides, and culminates in a kiss after a music conference that they attend together. The intoxication of first love and the spell woven by the raag played on the sarod that seems to be shedding mango blossoms, take on the form of a musical trio in the story.
The Blue Envelope
Authors: Imtiaz Ali Hijab 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Every Saturday, a blue envelope was delivered to the narrator's house from the port of Shune. On one of the Saturdays, the mysterious envelope contained a map and a note addressed to Uncle Jaffar, his friend Dr. Gaar, and the narrator. It was a map of a room, which was believed to be located on the second storey of the bungalow in Shune owned by the narrator's uncle. They all attempt to solve the mystery of the blue envelopes.
The Will
Authors: Mahmood Moghal 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Moghal Mahmood “The Will” is written from the perspective of Tahira, the woman whose job it is to bathe dead bodies. She is summoned to Nishat Manzil where the old begum has just died. The custom at deaths in the haveli is that the ghassalni who bathes the corpse will be given whatever is on the body of the deceased at the time of death. Tahira looks at the expensive tops that the begum is wearing in her ears and the big diamond in her ring. She begins to plan ahead for her daughter’s wedding which will become possible if she gets this jewellery. She eagerly prepares the ingredients for the begum’s last bath and waits for the dead woman’s daughters to tell her to begin. But the will has to be read out first. The shroud sealed in a wax cloth, with lines from the Koran written on it in saffron ink is unwrapped and the envelope with the begum’s will is opened. What follows is a startling twist that takes the story onto a different trajectory and gives it an unexpected ending. Translation from Hindi by Sara Rai
A TV of One’s Own
Authors: Salma  
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A colour TV set brought home by Shaukat Ali from Dubai made the entire town sit up open-mouthed in amazement. At the stroke of half past six, in the evening, a sizeable brood of children and women from the entire street, lay siege over his home. Zakiramma, a fifty-eight-year-old poor woman is an ardent film buff who began to hatch numerous plans to buy a TV. Set in a Muslim middle class locality, Salma's A TV of One's Own' is a fascinating story dealing with desires, dreams, and aspirations.
Registered Post
Authors: Zaidi Annie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Sheeba Rizvi, a mofussil lawyer in Ranipur, is suing Indian Post on behalf of her client Suhail, claiming that the local post office has deliberately withheld a letter via registered post. Fifteen years ago, Suhail’s girlfriend Khushboo had mailed a registered letter detailing plans for an elopement. This letter was held back by her uncle, who worked at the local post office. After he retired, this letter was finally delivered.
The Men and The Woman
Authors: Riyaz Tarannum 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
“Maydum, Maydum! I did not get my monthly period,” Sundari told Aasima and quickly lowered her head and collapsed on the floor beside the bed. Sundari, a tribal girl of Jharkhand, works as domestic help and has physical relationships with male servants working at the house. Tarannum Riyaz’s “The Men and the Woman” is a fascinating story of relationships, sympathy, female bonding. It also deals with crucial issues of pregnancy and abortion.
I Am Reminded of You
Authors: Khatun Kasema 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
While returning from an event on communal harmony, the narrator-poet sees an orphan boy who was begging on the street. Feeling pity for the boy, he adopts him. The narrator is hailed as an exemplary figure in literary and social circles; he receives a lot of media coverage. But, one day, everything changes for the narrator as well as the boy. Kasema Khatun’s Assamese story “I am Reminded of You” critiques the hypocrisy of the educated class and touches upon the question of poverty and caste in society.
Introduction
Authors: Preedy Chloe Kathleen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The space of the air has long been neglected, but its presence has recently been foregrounded by critics seeking to reassert the value of the ephemeral and the intangible. Spatial theorists have called for a move away from earth-centred geography towards a new aerography that begins with the air itself. Early modern Europe also witnessed an important shift in attitudes towards and perceptions of this element, albeit in a very different context. This Introduction considers how those living in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England might have understood the air’s presence. It focuses in particular on the implications for those writing for and performing at London’s new purpose-designated amphitheatres: venues that were partially enclosed by surrounding walls and galleries, but which remained open to the ambient air outside, and the sky above.
Representing Aerial Environments
Authors: Preedy Chloe Kathleen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter investigates how fictional aerial environments were evoked and represented in the open-air drama of Elizabeth and Jacobean England. Various plays from this period feature symbolically charged or geographically orientating references to the air quality of specific regions or locales, while others evoke meteorological and celestial phenomena that range from mists to comets. Collectively, these atmospheric effects advertise the representational scope of an English drama whose imaginative range reached from the caverns beneath the earth to the edge of heaven. Moreover, through such imagery, playwrights including Thomas Dekker, Thomas Heywood, and Thomas Middleton drew attention to the as if aerial environments of their drama in ways that might enable their audiences to scrutinize the relationship between these theatrical aerographies, the local playhouse atmosphere, and the actual space of the air.
Conclusion
Authors: Preedy Chloe Kathleen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Between 1609 and 1610, the King’s Men began to stage regular performances at the indoor Blackfriars playhouse while maintaining their connection with the open-air Globe. This conclusion considers the significance of that development for the open-air dramaturgy that had emerged among those writing for and performing at London’s commercial amphitheatres. It demonstrates the continued significance of open-air practice for dramatists such as Thomas Heywood and Thomas Dekker, and analyses how some of the early modern theatre’s most important aerial trends converge within William Shakespeare’s The Tempest (1611), arguing that this play self-consciously translates an open-air dramaturgy into the indoor space of the Blackfriars in ways that invite reflection on the elemental air’s presence and role in early modern theatre.