bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A CpG island-encoded mechanism protects genes from premature transcription termination
Authors: Hughes Amy L. , Szczurek Aleksander T. , Kelley Jessica R. , Lastuvkova Anna , Turberfield Anne H. , Dimitrova Emilia , Blackledge Neil P. , Klose Robert J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTranscription must be highly controlled to regulate gene expression and development. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that influence transcription and how these are coordinated in cells to ensure normal gene expression remains rudimentary. Here, we reveal that actively transcribed CpG island-associated gene promoters recruit SET1 chromatin modifying complexes to enable gene expression. Counterintuitively, this effect is independent of SET1 complex histone modifying activity, and instead relies on the capacity of these complexes to interact with the RNA Polymerase II-binding protein, WDR82. Unexpectedly, we discover that SET1 complexes sustain gene transcription by counteracting the activity of the ZC3H4/WDR82 protein complex, which we show can pervasively terminate both genic and extragenic transcription. Therefore, we discover a new gene regulatory mechanism whereby CpG island elements nucleate a protein complex that protects genic transcription from premature termination, effectively distinguishing genic from non-genic transcription to enable gene expression.
It’s raining species: Rainwash eDNA metabarcoding as a minimally invasive method to assess tree canopy invertebrate diversity
Authors: Macher Till-Hendrik , Schütz Robin , Hörren Thomas , Beermann Arne J. , Leese Florian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractForest canopies are a highly diverse ecosystem, but despite several decades of intense research, there remain substantial gaps in our knowledge of their biodiversity and ecological interactions. One fundamental challenge in canopy research is the limited accessibility of the ecosystem. Consequently, previous studies have relied on the application of either highly invasive methods such as chemical knockdown, or on time-consuming and expensive setups such as canopy walkways or cranes. Therefore, time- and cost-efficient, ideally minimally invasive yet comprehensive applications are required to help close this knowledge gap. High-throughput metabarcoding of environmental DNA (eDNA) collected from water, soil, or air provides a minimally invasive method for biodiversity assessment, yet its potential for canopy biodiversity monitoring has not been explored.Herein, we conducted metabarcoding of eDNA washed off the canopy via rainwater to explore its monitoring potential. We placed four 1 m2 rain samplers beneath the canopies of four different tree taxa prior to a major rain event, filtered eDNA from the collected rainwater, and performed cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) metabarcoding to profile the invertebrate community. Additionally, we collected and identified all specimens present in the rainwater for verification.We detected 50 invertebrate species by eDNA metabarcoding, of which 43 were not physically present in the water sample, thus likely representing true canopy biodiversity signals. Furthermore, we observed distinct species occurrence patterns corresponding to the four tree taxa, suggesting that ecological patterns such as host specificity can be assessed using the method.In conclusion, our study provides a proof of principle that rainwash eDNA metabarcoding offers a minimally invasive and comprehensive method for tree canopy diversity monitoring.
Overcoming leak sensitivity in CRISPRi circuits using antisense RNA sequestration and regulatory feedback
Authors: Specht David A. , Cortes Louis B. , Lambert Guillaume 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe controlled binding of the catalytically-dead CRISPR nuclease (dCas) to DNA can be used to create complex, programmable transcriptional genetic circuits, a fundamental goal of synthetic biology. This approach, called CRISPR interference (CRISPRi), is advantageous over existing methods because the programmable nature of CRISPR proteins enables the simultaneous regulation of many different targets without crosstalk. However, such gene circuit elements are limited by 1) the sensitivity to leaky repression of CRISPRi logic gates and 2) retroactive effects owing to a shared pool of dCas proteins. By utilizing antisense RNAs (asRNAs) to sequester guide RNA transcripts, as well as CRISPRi feedback to self-regulate asRNA production, we demonstrate a mechanism that suppresses unwanted CRISPRi repression and improve logical gene circuit function in E. coli. This improvement is particularly pronounced during stationary expression when CRISPRi circuits do not achieve the expected regulatory dynamics. Further, the use of dual CRISPRi/asRNA inverters restores logical performance of layered circuits such as a double inverter. By studying circuit induction at the single cell level in microfluidic channels, we provide insight into the dynamics of antisense sequestration of gRNA and regulatory feedback on dCas-based repression and derepression. These results demonstrate how CRISPRi inverters can be improved for use in more complex genetic circuitry without sacrificing the programmability and orthogonality of dCas proteins.
Decision dilemma at Biziga
Authors: Mahapatra Sabita , Basak Shubhadeep 
Published: March 2022

Learning outcomes
The learning outcomes are as follows: introduce the concept of the decision-making process, decision-making unit and hierarchy of effects and marketing strategy; identify the critical aspect of segmentation, targeting and positioning; and highlight the critical element of pricing and communication media.

Case overview/synopsis
In early January 2017, Mr Ashish and Mr Rahul, co-founders of Biziga, a company engaged in training through simulation for management education, was at crossroads. Keeping in view the challenges of the emerging Indian market, Biziga envisioned creating participant-centric business learning simulations. The initial responses and feedback received from several top B-schools were promising. However, the euphoria did not last long. Biziga retained only a few of its initial clients from the Tier-1 B-schools who had adopted the product. But the response received from other categories of B-schools was not very encouraging. Acquiring new clients from these institutes was the major challenge. The founders of Biziga had differences in their thought about the strategic path they should pursue to achieve future growth. There were several options to achieve the goal of a target revenue of INR 1bn in the next five years and be known as a virtual gamification company with a complete bundle of business simulation products. They had to finalize for the financial year 2017-18 the most feasible and promising option/s that would have a long-term impact on the company’s future growth and success in the upcoming meeting scheduled in the last week of February 2017.

Complexity academic level
Postgraduate students and executive students.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 8: Marketing.
Influence of dynamic capabilities on novelty-centered business model design: a moderated mediating effect analysis
Authors: Pang Changwei , Wang Qiong , Wu Songqiang 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the underlying mediating mechanism and contextual conditions in the relationship between dynamic capabilities and novelty-centered business model design (NCBMD).Design/methodology/approachUsing data from 146 firms in China and the process conditional modeling, the authors acquire evidence supporting the hypothesized moderated mediation.FindingsThe authors find that interfunctional coordination plays a crucial mediator role in the relationship between dynamic capabilities and NCBMD. Environmental dynamism positively moderates the mediating effect of interfunctional coordination on the relationship of dynamic capabilities and NCBMD.Research limitations/implicationsFirst, the research setting focuses on a specific intermediary mechanism of dynamic capabilities on NCBMD. Second, dynamic capabilities are considered as an integrative construct in the study. Future research could further examine the effect mechanism of dynamic capabilities' sub-dimensions, which might provide more theoretical findings. Third, the impact of public policies, an important source of environmental dynamism, on NCBMD needs a fine-grained analysis. Fourth, the sample data restricts the popularity of the conclusion.Practical implicationsFirst, firms should be aware of the irreplaceable role of dynamic capabilities in the process of designing a novel business model. Second, firms promoting the design of business models should pay more attention to interfunctional coordination. Third, the significant moderating mediation effect reveals that the importance of interfunctional coordination for the relationship between dynamic capabilities and NCBMD under a highly dynamic environment.Originality/valueFirst, the authors reveal how a firm's dynamic capabilities can promote NCBMD. By focusing on the influence of dynamic capabilities on NCBMD, the authors elucidate the source of value creation from the perspective of organizational capability. Second, the analysis of mediating effect delineates the bridging mechanism of dynamic capabilities and NCBMD. These findings emphasize the important role of interfunctional coordination in designing a novel business model. Third, given the context of this research, the results present implications for the role of a dynamic environment. For the methodology of theoretical research, the different findings indicate that scholars could further refine the manipulation of moderators, which contributes to elucidate new conclusions ignored in the past studies. Accordingly, this research extends both theoretical research and methodology.
Weight-related teasing as a source of consumer motivation for impulsive purchase intention of weight loss dietary supplements: insights from generation Z
Authors: Bharadwaj Samrat 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
As no prior attempt has been made to investigate the role of weight-related teasing (WRT) as a source of motivation towards impulsive purchase intention of weight loss dietary supplements, this study aims to investigate the factors of devalued self-esteem, weight concerns, dysfunctional eating cognitions, depressive symptoms, attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control from a generation Z perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative study and a cross-sectional survey design has been used along with passive research deception approach where data has been obtained from 377 obese and overweight participants from eight major Indian cities using intercept approach. Besides, verifying the questionnaire using principal component analysis and internal consistency, the provided hypotheses are evaluated by structural equation modelling and its related tests. Inductive content analysis method has also been applied for the qualitative analysis.

Findings
The findings indicate that the hypothesized factors have a considerable influence on one another, implying acceptance of all 12 proposed hypotheses. Additionally, this study suggests that generation Z individuals are swayed more by price and impulsiveness than by product quality. Even though people prefer purchasing such supplements primarily for quicker results, people fear potential health hazards in the future.

Originality/value
This study links WRT from a psychosocial perspective by focusing on youth consumer behaviour. With the limited number of works on concerned variables, this study addresses vital issues concerning generation Z individuals’ health attitude.
In their own words: Experiences of emergency health care workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Blanchard Janice , Messman Anne M. , Bentley Suzanne K. , Lall Michelle D. , Liu Yiju Teresa , Merritt Rory , Sorge Randy , Warchol Jordan M. , Greene Christopher , Diercks Deborah B. , Griffith James , Manfredi Rita A. , McCarthy Melissa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, a substantial number of emergency health care workers (HCWs) have screened positive for anxiety, depression, risk of posttraumatic stress disorder, and burnout. The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe the impact of COVID‐19 on emergency care providers' health and well‐being using personal perspectives. We conducted in‐depth interviews with emergency physicians, emergency medicine nurses, and emergency medical services providers at 10 collaborating sites across the United States between September 21, 2020, and October 26, 2020.MethodsWe developed a conceptual framework that described the relationship between the work environment and employee health. We used qualitative content analysis to evaluate our interview transcripts classified the domains, themes, and subthemes that emerged from the transcribed interviews.ResultsWe interviewed 32 emergency HCWs. They described difficult working conditions, such as constrained physical space, inadequate personnel protective equipment, and care protocols that kept changing. Organizational leadership was largely viewed as unprepared, distant, and unsupportive of employees. Providers expressed high moral distress caused by ethically challenging situations, such as the perception of not being able to provide the normal standard of care and emotional support to patients and their families at all times, being responsible for too many sick patients, relying on inexperienced staff to treat infected patients, and caring for patients that put their own health and the health of their families at risk. Moral distress was commonly experienced by emergency HCWs, exacerbated by an unsupportive organizational environment.ConclusionsFuture preparedness efforts should include mechanisms to support frontline HCWs when faced with ethical challenges in addition to an adverse working environment caused by a pandemic such as COVID‐19.
Empty laws and empty forests: Reconsidering rights and governance for sustainable wildlife management in the Republic of the Congo
Authors: Mavah Germain , Child Brian , Swisher Marilyn E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLike their ancestors, forest dwellers in the Republic of the Congo depend heavily on bushmeat for their livelihoods. National regulations and enforcement are ineffective, yet undermine indigenous institutions. In common with many forest communities globally, this is creating an open‐access resource at the same time that demand for bushmeat is increased by roads, towns, markets and new harvesting technology (guns, wire). We argue that the intractability and contradictions of the bushmeat problem globally reflect outdated institutions of exclusionary conservation and that the disempowerment of local people can be framed as an ‘empty laws’ open‐access syndrome in which neither national nor local controls are working. We propose that this is an institutional predicament that needs to be resolved by re‐establishing local tenure and rights, and drawing on the commons literature, New Institutional Economics and the long experience with private and community wildlife in southern Africa to design alternative governance regimes. In proposing measures to re‐build local commons (private‐community ownership), this review highlights community rights, the controversial issue of commercial use and markets, and the substantial advantages of participatory face‐to‐face community governance relative to the representational committee‐based governance associated with development projects.
The effect of semen collection at home on intrauterine insemination outcomes
Authors: Vagios Stylianos , Sacha Caitlin R. , Hammer Karissa C. , Fitz Victoria W. , Dimitriadis Irene , Souter Irene , Bormann Charles L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe WHO 2010 guidelines recognize at‐home semen collection as an acceptable alternative to standard collection at the clinic in “exceptional circumstances.” There is lack of sufficient data to determine the need for revisiting these recommendations for treatment purposes.ObjectivesTo determine whether at‐home semen collection has any effect on intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycle outcomes.Materials and methodsThis is a retrospective cohort study of 729 IUI treatment cycles (382 patients) performed at an academic fertility center from September 19, 2019 to December 31, 2020. Semen collected at the “clinic” was used for 343 cycles before the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic (September 19, 2019 to March 21, 2020), and “at‐home” collected specimens were used for 386 cycles following revised protocols with COVID‐19‐driven changes (May 30, 2020 to December 31, 2020). Logistic regression models were performed to evaluate the effect of “at‐home” semen collection on achieving a positive pregnancy test (PPT) and a clinical pregnancy (CP).Results
Male and female partners’ age, ovarian reserve biomarkers, and stimulation regimens used were similar in the “clinic” and “at‐home” groups. In unadjusted models, “at‐home” collection had no significant effect on the odds for a PPT [OR (95%CI): 0.733 (0.503‐1.069)] or CP [0.816 (0.543‐1.226)]. These results persisted even when adjusting for maternal age and anti‐Müllerian hormone: PPT [0.739 (0.505‐1.081)] and CP [0.826 (0.547‐1.248)]. Of the semen analysis parameters under evaluation, only motility appeared to significantly impact the odds of achieving a PPT [1.014 (1.004‐1.025)] and a CP [1.017 (1.006‐1.029)]. This effect was slightly attenuated for samples collected “at‐home” [1.012 (0.997‐1.027) and 1.015 (0.999‐1.031), respectively, for PPT and CP].DiscussionThis study adds important information to the limited literature regarding the effect of at‐home semen collection on IUI outcomes. Under adequate protocols, at‐home semen collection should be considered a safe alternative. Additional research is needed to optimize such protocols.ConclusionOur data suggest that at‐home semen collection does not negatively impact IUI pregnancy outcomes.
Controversies in implementing non‐invasive prenatal testing in a public antenatal care program
Authors: Salvesen Kjell Åsmund Blix , Glad Ragnhild , Sitras Vasilis 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWomen's autonomy and an inclusive society for all individuals are highly valued in Norway. The Norwegian Biotechnology Act changed in 2020 allowing first‐trimester screening and cell‐free DNA for common trisomies to all pregnant women. However, implementing non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) in a public antenatal care program is difficult, because many patients, politicians, and medical professionals do not consider trisomy 21 a severe medical disease. Screening for trisomies at an early gestation might inevitably lead to an increase in pregnancy terminations and making cost–benefit calculations is ethically challenging. Moreover, offering NIPT to all pregnant women is debatable because of the lower prevalence of fetal trisomies in younger women. Therefore, appropriate genetic pre‐test counseling is essential. Furthermore, organizing the service between private institutions and public hospitals poses another debate and challenges both quality and equal access to health services for women across the country.
Intralymphatic immunotherapy with one or two allergens renders similar clinical response in patients with allergic rhinitis due to birch and grass pollen
Authors: Ahlbeck Lars , Ahlberg Emelie , Björkander Janne , Aldén Caroline , Papapavlou Georgia , Palmberg Laura , Nyström Ulla , Retsas Pavlos , Nordenfelt Patrik , Togö Totte , Johansen Pål , Rolander Bo , Duchén Karel , Jenmalm Maria C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionThere is a need for a fast, efficient and safe way to induce tolerance in patients with severe allergic rhinitis. Intralymphatic immune therapy has been shown to be effective.MethodsPatients with severe birch and timothy allergy were randomized and received three doses of 0.1 ml of birch and 5‐grass allergen extracts (10,000 SQ units/ml, ALK‐Abelló), or birch and placebo or 5‐grass and placebo by ultrasound‐guided injections into inguinal lymph nodes at monthly intervals. Rhinoconjunctivitis total symptom score, medication score and rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire were evaluated before treatment and after each birch and grass pollen season during three subsequent years. Circulating proportions of T helper subsets and allergen‐induced cytokine and chemokine production were analysed by flow cytometry and Luminex.ResultsThe three groups reported fewer symptoms, lower use of medication and improved quality of life during the birch and grass pollen seasons each year after treatment at an almost similar rate independently of treatment with one or two allergens. Mild local pain was the most common adverse event. IgE levels to birch decreased, whereas birch‐induced IL‐10 secretion increased in all three groups. IgG4 levels to birch and timothy and skin prick test reactivity remained mainly unchanged. Conjunctival challenge tests with timothy extract showed a higher threshold for allergen. In all three groups, regulatory T cell frequencies were increased 3 years after treatment.ConclusionsIntralymphatic immunotherapy with one or two allergens in patients with grass and birch pollen allergy was safe, effective and may be associated with bystander immune modulatory responses.Clinical Trial Registration: EudraCT (2013‐004726‐28).
The characteristics of urban governance in China: Evidence from best practices in the Yangtze River Delta Region
Authors: Chen Zitao , Wu Jiannan , Zhang Acheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPost‐reform China has experienced rapid urbanization and received much academic attention. However, few studies have focused on the overall characteristics of urban governance from both institutional and practical perspectives. This paper discusses the results of a content analysis of 79 cases collected during the first Awards for Best Urban Governance Practice in the Yangtze River Delta. This region is a pioneer of urban governance practice in China. The coding for the content analysis focused on four variables, including domains, actors, digitality, and duration, which were applied to the application forms for the award selection process. The statistical results demonstrate the characteristics of China’s urban governance practices. (1) The government continues to dominate in China’s urban governance, but the role of social organizations has become increasingly significant. (2) The content of China’s urban affairs has transformed from economic growth to citizen‐oriented issues of livelihoods and livability. (3) New technology and digitality of new opportunities are leading China’s urban governance transformation. (4) China’s urban governance practices are a durable process for adaptation accumulation of experiences. This paper presents the characteristics and distribution of China’s urban governance practices to lay the groundwork for future comparative urban studies.