bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability evolution as a major mechanism of human protein adaptation in response to viruses
Authors: Di Chenlu , Murga-Moreno Jesus , Enard David 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPathogens were a major driver of genetic adaptation during human evolution. Viruses in particular were a dominant driver of adaptation in the thousands of proteins that physically interact with viruses (VIPs for Virus-Interacting Proteins). This however poses a conundrum. The best understood cases of virus-driven adaptation in specialized immune antiviral factors or in host viral receptors are numerically vastly insufficient to explain abundant adaptations in VIPs. What adaptive mechanisms can then at least partly close this gap? VIPs tend to be broadly conserved proteins with conserved host native molecular functions. Because many amino acid changes in a protein can alter its stability –the balance between the folded and unfolded forms of a protein– without destroying conserved native activities, here we ask if stability evolution was an important mechanism of virus-driven human protein adaptation. Using predictions of protein stability changes based on Alphafold 2 structures and validated by multiple lines of evidence, we find that amino acid changes that altered stability experienced highly elevated adaptative evolution in VIPs, compared to changes with a weaker impact on stability. We further find that RNA viruses, rather DNA viruses, predominantly drove strong adaptation through stability changes in VIPs. We also observe that stability in immune antiviral VIPs preferentially evolved under directional selection. Conversely, stability in proviral VIPs needed by viruses evolved under compensatory evolution following viral epidemics. Together, these results suggest that stability evolution, and thus functional host protein abundance evolution, was a prominent mechanism of host protein adaptation during viral epidemics.
Lymph Node Fibroblast Phenotypes and Immune Crosstalk Regulated by Podoplanin Activity
Authors: Makris Spyridon , Hari-Gupta Yukti , Cantoral-Rebordinos Jesús A. , Martinez Victor G. , Horsnell Harry L. , Benjamin Agnesska C. , Cinti Isabella , Jovancheva Martina , Shewring Daniel , Nguyen Nicola , de Winde Charlotte M. , Denton Alice , Acton Sophie E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLymph nodes are uniquely organised niches for immune interactions. Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) facilitate immune cell communication and regulate immune function by producing growth factors, chemokines and inflammatory cues. Stromal expression of the glycoprotein Podoplanin (PDPN) is required for lymph node development, but the requirement for PDPN signaling in FRCs in adult lymph nodes has not been directly tested. Using a conditionalin vivodeletion model PDGFRαmGFPΔPDPN, scRNA-seq revealed that PDPN deletion increased inflammatory signalling in lymph nodes and disrupted stromal-immune cells crosstalk in steady state and during adaptive immune responses. We confirmed that PDPN/CLEC-2 signaling in FRCs switches transcriptional states and alters expression of immune related genes. We conclude that Podoplanin expression impacts the immunoregulatory properties of fibroblastic stroma in lymph nodes and is a key transcriptional regulator of fibroblast function in lymph nodes.Summary: Podoplanin expression regulates the immunoregulatory properties of fibroblastic stroma in lymph nodes
Talin and vinculin combine their activities to trigger actin assembly
Authors: Wang Hong , Vigouroux Clémence , Said Rayan , Henriot Véronique , Pernier Julien , Le Clainche Christophe 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFocal adhesions (FAs) strengthen their link with the actin cytoskeleton to resist force. Talin-vinculin association could reinforce actin anchoring to FAs by controlling actin polymerization. However, the actin polymerization activity of the talin-vinculin complex is not known because it requires the reconstitution of the mechanical and biochemical activation steps that control the association of talin and vinculin and the exposure of their actin-binding domains. By combining kinetic and binding assays with single actin filament observations in TIRF microscopy, we show that the association of talin and vinculin mutants, mimicking different degrees of activation, results in a variety of activities. In particular, mechanically stretched talin and activated vinculin combine to stimulate actin assembly synergistically through a sequential mechanism in which filaments are nucleated, capped and released to elongate. Our findings suggest a versatile mechanism for the regulation of actin assembly in FAs subjected to various combinations of biochemical and mechanical cues.
Last man standing: goalkeeping – an art or a science?
Authors: McKenzie Hamish 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThe current paper is a comment on goalkeepers in football. This paper aims to explore the skillset of the contemporary goalkeeper and whether these can be reliably measured. This paper advocates the recognition of the goalkeeper as the most important member of the football team.Design/methodology/approachThis paper draws on the work of Bourdieu (1995) to examine the impact of calculative practice on the art of goalkeeping. This reveals the diffusion of calculations to goalkeeping but challenges whether these statistics are robust. This study used the Internet (Jeacle, 2021) to explore the multiple dimensions of this study.FindingsThe comment argues a case for the goalkeeper as the principal actor in the football team. From an accountability perspective, the impact of the goalkeeper can be profound, the more so because of rule changes. Whilst calculative practice has entered the world of the goalkeeper, the practice is questionable if contemporary metrics are not robust and more sophisticated performance indicators are required. Increasing transfer costs highlight the need for objective measures of goalkeeping performance.Originality/valueThis paper is novel in that the paper attempts to broaden the scope of accounting scholarship into a new domain of football in popular culture.
How the construal of power impacts healthy food preference: the mediating role of self-discipline perception
Authors: Jiang Hongyan , Sun Yudi , Li Chen , Xu Mengmeng 
Published: December 2022

PurposeWith the improvement of consumers' health consciousness, healthy food has attracted great attention in daily consumption. Previous research into the sense of power often distinguishes it into high and low level, ignoring the impact of different construal of power on consumption behaviors. This article divides power into dual construal (responsibility vs opportunity) and aims to examine the differential impacts of the construal of power on healthy food preference.Design/methodology/approachTwo pretests and three formal experiments were conducted to examine the effect of the construal of power on the consumer's healthy food preference, the mediation of self-discipline perception and the moderation of the relative strength of prevention over promotion focus (i.e. RSPPF).FindingsResults indicate that individuals who construe power as responsibility (vs opportunity) exhibit higher self-discipline perception, which in turn leads to greater healthy food preference. However, the main effect above can be weakened among the low-power group. Moreover, the above mediating effect of self-discipline perception is stronger for individuals with higher RSPPF.Originality/valueFirst, based on the binary-construal perspective, this study refines the classification of high power and introduces it into the antecedent research of healthy food preference. Second, this paper reveals the self-discipline perception as the inner mechanism underlying the effect of the construal of power on healthy food preference, while RSPPF as the boundary condition for this mediating mechanism. Moreover, this research also provides practical implications for healthy food enterprises that the construal of power, self-discipline perception and regulatory focus should be taken into consideration in advertising design and healthy product promotion.
Career shock of female academics during Covid-19: can the transactional stress model offer coping strategies?
Authors: Mousa Mohamed 
Published: December 2022

Purpose
Through addressing female academics in four public universities in Egypt, the author of this paper aims to answer the question: How do female academics cope with the career shock resulting from the spread of COVID-19?

Design/methodology/approach
The author used a qualitative research method through semi-structured interviews with 32 female academics from four public universities selected from among 26 public institutions of higher education in Egypt. Thematic analysis was subsequently used to determine the main ideas in the transcripts.

Findings
The findings assert that the following three strategies: heroism, cronyism and temporalism are used by female academics in the Egyptian context to cope with the career shocks they feel during the time of COVID-19. The findings assert that female academics try to reassert their professionalism in their academic duties and familial obligations even after the spread of COVID-19. Moreover, they tend to use forms of cronyism behaviour to alleviate the effect of the career shock, mostly via hypocritical phrases. Furthermore, the thought that COVID-19 is a temporary stage helps female academics to actively accept their challenging new work conditions.

Originality/value
This paper contributes by filling a gap in human resources management and higher education in which empirical studies on the career shock of female academics have been limited so far.
Gendered hybridity in leadership identities: a postfeminist analysis
Authors: Lewis Patricia , Benschop Yvonne 
Published: December 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the discursive constitution of leadership identities by senior women leaders working in the City of London. This study draws on postfeminism as a critical concept to explore this constitution, as it has produced the cultural conditions for the reconfiguration of masculine and feminine gender norms in leadership.

Design/methodology/approach
In a qualitative study, 13 women leaders in positions of power in the City of London were interviewed. Discourse analysis techniques were used to unpack the postfeminist shaping of leadership identities

Findings
At the heart of the leadership identities that senior women leaders construct is a gendered hybridity that is a multifaceted calibration of masculine and feminine attributes and behaviours. Postfeminist discourses of individualism, choice and self-improvement are entangled with discourses of authenticity, relatability and connectivity as particular leadership assets. The gendered hybridity of leadership identities unfolds the possibility for a fundamental makeover of leadership by opening-up space for a transformative change that accommodates women leaders.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is among the very few studies that foreground the leadership identities that women leaders construct within the confines of postfeminist gender regimes. It shows how these women invoke authenticity, unfolding possibilities for the transformational change of and political challenge to traditional gendered leadership in their organizations.
Thermal analysis and entropy generation of magnetic Eyring-Powell nanofluid with viscous dissipation in a wavy asymmetric channel
Authors: Bhatti M.M. , Sait Sadiq M. , Ellahi R. , Sheremet Mikhail A. , Oztop Hakan 
Published: December 2022

Purpose
This study aims to deal with entropy generation and thermal analysis of magnetic hybrid nanofluid containing silver and gold as nanoparticles (Au-Ag/NPs) in the Eyring–Powell fluid.

Design/methodology/approach
The blood is used as a base fluid to study the rheological effects in a wavy asymmetric channel. The effect of viscous dissipation is also taken into account. The mathematical model is developed using the lubrication technique. The perturbation method is used to solve the nondimensional nonlinear differential equations, whereas the pumping properties have been analyzed using numerical integration.

Findings
The impact of entropy generation, Brinkman number, Hartmann number, nanoparticles volume fraction, thermal Grashof number, Brinkman number and Eyring–Powell fluid parameter is examined on the velocity profile, temperature profile and pumping characteristics. It is observed that the introduction of gold and silver nanoparticles boosts the velocity field in a smaller segment of the channel. The temperature profile rises for the increasing values of Hartmann number, Brinkman number and nanoparticle volume fractions while the temperature profile is restrained by the Eyring–Powell fluid parameter. The pumping rate rises in all sections as the thermal Grashof number and Hartmann number increase; however, the Eyring–Powell fluid parameter has the reverse effect. The volume of the trapping boluses is significantly affected by the Eyring–Powell fluid parameter, thermal Grashof number and fluid parameter.

Originality/value
The results are original and contribute to discover the role of hybrid nanoparticles under the influence of entropy generation viscous dissipation and magnetic fields. Pharmaceutical technology may use this research for things like better mucoadhesive drug delivery systems and more productive peristaltic micropumps.
The development of pedagogical content knowledge of prospective primary teachers in a lesson study
Authors: Cardoso Linda , Da Ponte João Pedro , Quaresma Marisa 
Published: December 2022

PurposeTo understand how lesson study (LS) can promote the development of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of prospective primary teachers. More specifically, to know what PCK prospective primary teachers develop during LS and how this development occurs.Design/methodology/approachFollowing a qualitative approach, this study took place in a teacher education institution where a LS was carried out during the last semester of the academic year with the participation of two prospective teachers, a teacher educator, a cooperating teacher and a researcher.FindingsThe results suggest that prospective teachers may develop PCK when they participate in LS, regarding lesson planning (goals and lesson plan), task design, students' difficulties and solving strategies, whole-class discussions and observation of student learning. This development occurs through the engagement in LS activities that allow prospective teachers to deepen their knowledge.Originality/valueThis study investigates how the development of prospective teachers' PCK occurs during LS, providing knowledge about how different activities of the LS help develop different aspects of PCK.
Executive pay disparity and cost of debt financing
Authors: Chou Hsin-I , Pan Xiaofei , Zhao Jing 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the relationship between executive pay disparity and the cost of debt.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a sample of syndicated bank loans granted to United States (US) listed firms from 1992 to 2014 and adopt the loan yield spread (Chief Executive Officer (CEO) pay slice) as the main proxy for the cost of debt (executive pay disparity). The authors also use the Heckman two-stage model to address the sample selection bias and the two-stage least squares and propensity score matching methods to control the potential endogeneity issues. To test different views about executive pay disparity, the authors adopt the cash-to-stock ratio to proxy for managerial risk-shifting incentives.FindingsThe authors find that the cost of debt is significantly higher for firms with larger executive pay disparity, which is robust to sample selection bias, endogeneity concerns, alternative measures and various controls. This positive relationship increases with the risk-shifting incentives of CEOs instead of other top executives, which supports the managerial power view, and is stronger for firms with higher levels of financial distress. The findings suggest that creditors view executive pay disparity are associated with higher credit risk and CEO entrenchment.Originality/valueThis paper reveals one “dark” side of executive pay disparity: it increases the cost of debt and identifies a significant role played by CEOs' risk-shifting incentives. The authors provide direct evidence of the relevance of pay differential to corporate credit analysis.
How do social network ties influence purchases in social commerce communities? A lens of attachment theory
Authors: Wang Panpan , Huang Qian , Zhang Yu 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThis study aims to address how to facilitate more community members making purchases in social commerce communities. The research is expected to shed new light on the underlying process by which individuals’ social networks influence their purchases in social commerce communities.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey and secondary archive data are presented to confirm all the hypotheses.FindingsCommunity members’ out-degree ties show a positive effect on their attachment to other members, as well as to the community. Community members’ attachment to the community has a positive influence on their purchases made in the e-commerce modules of social commerce communities and mediates the effect of their attachment to community members. The study establishes a theoretical framework to reveal how community members’ social networks influence their purchases in social commerce communities.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study provide new insights for managers and designers of new social commerce communities to inspire them to achieve their goal of keeping consumers making purchases in the e-commerce modules of social commerce communities.Originality/valueFirstly, this study draws on attachment theory to explain why community members make purchases in a social commerce community. Then, the study enriches the research on social network ties and attachment theory by initially integrating the social network perspective with attachment theory to examine the effects of social network ties on different types of attachment.
Health IT in our daily life: impact of mobile phone use on the emotions and compliance of diabetes patients
Authors: Zhang Xue , Liu Yezheng , Li Xin , Sun Jianshan 
Published: December 2022

PurposeLeveraging information technology (IT) to improve the treatment and support of patients is a widely studied topic in healthcare. For chronic diseases, such as diabetes, the use of information technology is even more important since its effect extends from a clinic environment to patients’ daily life. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impacts of one widely adopted information technology, the mobile phone, on diabetes treatment, specifically on the complicated process of patients’ health, emotions and compliance.Design/methodology/approachWe leverage a unique longitudinal dataset on diabetes patients’ health status in rural areas of China to study the problem. We also cross-link the dataset with mobile carrier data to further differentiate mobile phone use to phone calls and network use. To address the endogeneity concerns, we apply PSM and a series of instrument variables.FindingsWe identify clear evidence that mobile phone use can significantly improve patients’ emotions and compliance, where the effect is generally larger on patients in worse health conditions. While mobile phone calls clearly benefit diabetes patients, we do notice that mobile phone network use has a negative moderating effect with patients’ health condition on improving compliance.Originality/valueThis study not only enriches our theoretical understanding of the role of mobile phones in diabetes management, it also shows the economic benefit of promoting patients’ use of mobile phones, which should be considered by medical care providers and medical policymakers.
Obliterating rating distortions: role of rater disposition and rating context
Authors: Ikramullah Malik , Khalil Ammad Ahmed Khan , Iqbal Muhammad Zahid , Ul Hassan Faqir Sajjad 
Published: December 2022

PurposeRecent performance appraisal (PA) literature suggests that alongside cognitive biases, rating distortions may stem from rater disposition and PA context. The study investigated the role of social value orientation (rater disposition), PA purposes and rater accountability (PA context) toward rating distortions at both performance levels, i.e. good and poor.Design/methodology/approachThe authors designed an experimental study and elicited data from N = 110 undergraduate students about two video-taped performances of good and poor performers. In these videos, two managers conducted assessment interviews of two different employees for the job of a sales representative at an information technology organization. To ensure the validity of performance ratings, the authors invited 10 senior managers to provide benchmark ratings of the video-taped performances. While being placed in two separate groups, the study participants gave performance ratings on both the video-taped performances. The authors used repeated-measures analysis to analyze data.FindingsThe results revealed that rating distortions took place not because of rater social value orientation, but the PA context. Different rating distortion patterns emerged for different levels of ratees' performance.Originality/valueThis study’s findings furnish new insights for assessing rating distortions for poor as well as good performers. Moreover, the results support previous findings that for good performers, accountable raters are tempted toward accurate ratings and refrained from deflation. Similarly, for poor performers, accountable raters do not inflate ratings. The findings will open research avenues to examine the role of PA purposes in rating distortions for different performance levels.
Millennials and the motivation to lead: is a transformational leader a catalyst or barrier?
Authors: Porter Tracy , Heath Michele , Messina Nicholas , Bible Scott C. 
Published: December 2022

PurposeLeaders influence individuals to understand and agree upon goals and methods to accomplish shared objectives. However, how leaders motivate others to assume a leadership role is an open question. This paper aims to examine how employee perceptions of their supervisors’ transformational leadership behaviors might affect a millennial and their motivation toward leadership. This paper also investigated the relationship within a spiritually based organizational context since workplace spirituality has become increasingly popular within contemporary corporate cultures.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper offers propositions, which examine two areas: first, the impact of a spiritual work context on a millennial’s motivation to lead and, second, the proposed moderating impact of a transformational leader on these relationships.FindingsThese linkages are important for organizational leaders to examine, as millennials will be the largest portion of the workforce by 2025. In addition, the influence of a transformational leader may not be as powerful as previous research has demonstrated. This difference is based on aspects of millennials, which are different from previous generations. Organizations spend thousands of dollars on the development of transformational leaders and spiritual (meaningful) workplaces; however, this may not be useful in the future.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, to date no research has examined the impact of a transformational leader on a millennial’s motivation toward leadership in a spiritual work context.