bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social capital and alcohol risks among older adults (50 years and over): analysis from the Drink Wise Age Well Survey
Authors: Adnum Laura , Elliott Lawrie , Raeside Robert , Wadd Sarah , Madoc-Jones Iolo , Donnelly Michael 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlthough there has been significant research on the relationship between alcohol consumption and demographic and psychological influences, this does not consider the effect of social influence among older drinkers and if these effects differ between men and women. One aspect of social influence is social capital. The aim of this paper is to examine whether relational and cognitive social capital are associated with higher or lower risk of alcohol use among adults aged 50 years or older and to assess the extent to which this relationship differs between men and women. To investigate this, data were collected from a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of adults over the age of 50 in the United Kingdom who were recruited from general practitioners. The sample consisted of 9,984 individuals whose mean age was 63.87 years. From these data, we developed proxy measures of social capital and associate these with the respondent's level of alcohol consumption as measured on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-10) scale. In the sample, just over 20 per cent reported an increasing risk or dependency on alcohol. Using two expressions of social capital – relational (social relationships) and cognitive (knowledge acquisition and understanding) – we found that greater levels of both are associated with a reduced risk of higher drinking risk. Being female had no significant effect when combined with relational capital but did have a significant effect when combined with cognitive capital. It is argued that interventions to enhance social relations among older people and education to help understand alcohol risks would be helpful to protect older people from the damaging effects of excessive alcohol consumption.
Does domain-general auditory processing uniquely explain the outcomes of second language speech acquisition, even once cognitive and demographic variables are accounted for?
Authors: Saito Kazuya , Cui Haining , Suzukida Yui , Dardon Diego Elisandro , Suzuki Yuichi , Jeong Hyeonjeong , Révész Andrea , Sugiura Motoaki , Tierney Adam 
Published: April 2022

AbstractExtending the paradigm in L1 acquisition, scholars have begun to investigate whether participants’ domain-general ability to represent, encode, and integrate spectral and temporal dimensions of sounds (i.e., auditory processing) could be a potential determinant of the outcomes of post-pubertal L2 speech learning. The current study set out to test the hypothesis that auditory processing makes auniquecontribution to L2 speech acquisition, for 70 Japanese classroom learners of English with different levels of L2 proficiency when biographical backgrounds (length of instruction and immersion)andmemory abilities (working, declarative, and procedural memory) are controlled for. Auditory processing loaded onto modality-general capacities to represent and incorporate anchor stimuli (relative to target stimuli) into long-term memory in an implicit fashion, but dissociated from explicit abilities to remember, associate, and elaborate sensory information. Auditory processing explained a small-to-medium amount of variance in L2 speech learning, even after the other potentially confounding variables were statistically factored out.
Conversations with Professor Bill Cornish: Legal History in Context, and Defining Elusive Concepts as Intellectual Property
Authors: Dingle Lesley 
Published: April 2022

AbstractProfessor Bill Cornish was a legal scholar of vision, who was well ahead of his time in two widely disparate areas, and in both he became a recognised leader and authority: legal history and intellectual property law. In the former he applied what was then the novel approach of stressing the contemporary social conditions to which the extant law had to apply - something that modern commentators could well ponder, but which he was honest enough to acknowledge was also criticised by some of his peers at the time. As for intellectual property law, his place as the ‘father of intellectual property teaching and scholarship in the UK’ was acclaimed by his admission as a Fellow of the British Academy in 1984, and his place as the inaugural occupant of the Herchel Smith Professor of Intellectual Property Law, at Cambridge (1995–2004). Both these activities had their origins in Bill's long stay (1970–1990) as professor of law at the London School of Economics, where he was influenced by their emphasis on societal tertiary education, and his friendship with the renowned Anglo-German scholar Otto Kahn-Freund, respectively. In reality, though, Bill's upbringing in the unique milieu of immediate post-War South Australia, which he describes as a backwater of tranquility, and his urge to see Europe were the roots of his expansive vision of the law. Lesley Dingle interviewed Bill for the Eminent Scholars Archive (ESA) in 2015, nine years after his retirement, and these observations of this remarkable scholar are based on those conversations, and her readings of his works.
A Hire Purpose: Skills for Interviewers
Authors: Breslin Jas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThere is plenty of advice for those about to take an interview for a job, but what about if you're sitting on the other side of the table? Here Jas Breslin, Research & Information Services Manager at top city law firm Charles Russell Speechlys, guides us though the key things to keep in mind when you're the one asking the questions.
Exploration of Domain Relevance by Legal Professionals in Information Retrieval Systems
Authors: Wiggers Gineke , Verberne Suzan , Zwenne Gerrit-Jan , Van Loon Wouter 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper, written by Gineke Wiggers, Suzan Verberne, Gerrit-Jan Zwenne and Wouter Van Loon, addresses the concept of ‘relevance’ in relation to legal information retrieval (IR). They investigate whether the conceptual framework of relevance in legal IR, as described by Van Opijnen and Santos in their paper published in 2017, can be confirmed in practice.1 The research is conducted with a user questionnaire in which users of a legal IR system had to choose which of two results they would like to see ranked higher for a query and were asked to provide a reason for their choice. To avoid questions with an obvious answer and extract as much information as possible about the reasoning process, the search results were chosen to differ on relevance factors from the literature, where one result scores high on one factor, and the other on another factor. The questionnaire had eleven pairs of search results. A total of 43 legal professionals participated consisting of 14 legal information specialists, 6 legal scholars and 23 legal practitioners. The results confirmed the existence of domain relevance as described in the theoretical framework by Van Opijnen and Santos as published in 2017.2 Based on the factors mentioned by the respondents, the authors of this paper concluded that document type, recency, level of depth, legal hierarchy, authority, usability and whether a document is annotated are factors of domain relevance that are largely independent of the task context. The authors also investigated whether different sub-groups of users of legal IR systems (legal information specialists who are searching for others, legal scholars and also for legal practitioners) differ in terms of the factors they consider in judging the relevance of legal documents outside of a task context. Using a PERMANOVA there was found to be no significant difference in the factors reported by these groups. At this moment there is no reason to treat these sub-groups differently in legal IR systems.
Blanket NOP rules and regional realities: from the field
Authors: Miller Emily M. , Hendrickson Mary , Murakami Christopher , Clark Kerry 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThere are fewer Certified Organic producers in the Mid-South US (southern half of Missouri, western Kentucky and Tennessee, northern Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma) than in other regions of the country such as the Upper Midwest, West Coast, or Northeastern US. Taus et al. (2013) The Professional Geographer 65, 87–102, posit that these clusters suggest regional characteristics impact adoption of organic agriculture and admit that regional studies lack consensus on the role of factors that drive adoption. This paper seeks to understand if there are regionally distinct challenges and opportunities for organic production in the region. Fourteen certified organic producers in Missouri were interviewed and areas of challenges and opportunities specific to their certification were identified within the three a priori themes of (1) biophysical characteristics, (2) marketing infrastructure and (3) financial feasibility. We suggest directions for future policy support from the National Organic Program (NOP) and bolstered feedback structures within the National Organic Standards Board to address regional disparities.
Formation of the Electron Inflow Along the Separatrices During Collisionless Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Nan Jia , Huang Kai , Lu Quanming , Lu San , Wang Rongsheng , Xie Jinlin , Zheng Jian , Wang Shui 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, by performing two‐dimensional (2‐D) particle‐in‐cell simulations of collisionless magnetic reconnection in a Harris current sheet, we analyze the formation of electron inflow along the separatrices toward the X‐line from the perspective of fluid. The results show that both the parallel electric field and mirror force can drive the electron inflow to stream toward the X‐line. The speed of the electron inflow can reach about 4VA(where VA is the Alfvén speed based on the upstream asymptotic magnetic field magnitude and peak density in the current sheet). Although the contribution of the parallel electric field is much larger than that of the mirror force, the mirror force cannot be ignored. When the electron inflow streams toward the X‐line, it is heated in the parallel direction. The resulted gradient of the parallel electron pressure leads to the attenuation of the electron inflow. We also investigate the effects of the density and temperature of the background plasma on the formation of the electron inflow. With the decrease of the background plasma density, the contribution of the parallel electric field becomes larger while that of the mirror force almost remains unchanged. With the decrease of the background plasma temperature, the contribution of the parallel electric field becomes larger while that of the mirror force becomes smaller.
Detection of Aseismic Slip and Poroelastic Reservoir Deformation at the North Brawley Geothermal Field From 2009 to 2019
Authors: Materna Kathryn , Barbour Andrew , Jiang Junle , Eneva Mariana 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe North Brawley Geothermal Field, located within the Brawley Seismic Zone of Southern California, presents a case study for understanding seismic hazards linked to fluid injection and geothermal energy extraction. An earthquake swarm near the geothermal field in 2012 included two earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 5 and was potentially preceded by a years‐long aseismic slip transient. To better understand ground deformation around the geothermal field, including its evolution with time and its physical mechanisms, we analyze deformation before, during, and after the swarm using ground‐ and satellite‐based geodetic techniques between 2009 and 2019. We integrate observations from GNSS, Sentinel‐1, TerraSAR‐X, UAVSAR, and leveling surveys into a single deformation history. Modeling of this new collection of observations at the North Brawley Geothermal Field provides evidence for 80% more pre‐swarm aseismic slip than previously recognized from 2009 to 2012. During the 2012 Brawley swarm, our geodetic slip inversions closely match the results of seismic waveform inversions from the swarm events. After the 2012 swarm, surface deformation is dominated by poroelastic deformation of a shallow fluid reservoir at <1 km depth rather than fault slip. The deformation history and seismicity catalogs at North Brawley suggest a cessation of fault‐related slip during the ∼7 years after the 2012 earthquake swarm.
Building a Young Mountain Range: Insight Into the Growth of the Greater Caucasus Mountains From Detrital Zircon (U‐Th)/He Thermochronology and 10Be Erosion Rates
Authors: Forte Adam M. , Gutterman Kate R. , van Soest Matthijs C. , Gallagher Kerry 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Greater Caucasus (GC) Mountains within the central Arabia‐Eurasia collision zone are an archetypal example of a young collisional orogen. However, the mechanisms driving rock uplift and forming the topography of the range are controversial, with recent provocative suggestions that uplift of the western GC is strongly influenced by an isostatic response to slab detachment, whereas the eastern half has grown through shortening and crustal thickening. Testing this hypothesis is challenging because records of exhumation rates mostly come from the western GC, where slab detachment may have occurred. To address this data gap, we report 623 new, paired zircon U‐Pb and (U‐Th)/He ages from seven different modern river sediments, spanning a ∼400 km long gap in bedrock thermochronometer data. We synthesize these with prior bedrock thermochronometer data, recent catchment averaged 10Be cosmogenic exhumation rates, topographic analyses, structural observations, and plate reconstructions to evaluate the mechanisms growing the GC topography. We find no evidence of major differences in rates, timing of onset of cooling, or total amounts of exhumation across the possible slab edge, inconsistent with previous suggestions of heterogeneous drivers for exhumation along‐strike. Comparison of exhumation across timescales highlight a potential acceleration, but one that appears to suggest a consistent northward shift of the locus of more rapid exhumation. Integration of these new datasets with simple models of orogenic growth suggest that the gross topography of the GC is explainable with traditional models of accretion, thickening, and uplift and does not require any additional slab‐related mechanisms.
Geoscience Education Perspectives on Integrated, Coordinated, Open, Networked (ICON) Science
Authors:   Conceptual Team:, Fortner Sarah K. , Manduca Cathryn A. , Ali Hendratta N. , Saup Casey M. ,   DEIJ Writing Leads:, Nyarko Samuel C. , Othus‐Gault Shannon , Perera Viranga , Tong Vincent C. H. ,   Geoscience Education Practice Writing Leads:, Gold Anne U. , Furman Tanya ,   Geoscience Education Research Writing Leads:, Arthurs Leilani , Mulvey Bridget K. , St. John Kristen ,   DEIJ Writing Team:, Singley Joel G. , Johnson Elijah Thomas , Witter Molly ,   Geoscience Education Practice Writing Team:, Batchelor Rebecca L. , Carter Deron T. , Damas M. Chantale , LeMay Lynsey , Layou Karen M. , Low Russanne , Wang Hui Hui , Olson‐Sawyer Kai , Pallant Amy , Ryker Katherine ,   Geoscience Education Research Writing Team:, Lukes Laura , LaDue Nicole , Ryker Katherine , van der Hoeven Kraft Kaatje J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPractitioners and researchers in geoscience education embrace collaboration applying ICON (Integrated, Coordinated, Open science, and Networked) principles and approaches which have been used to create and share large collections of educational resources, to move forward collective priorities, and to foster peer‐learning among educators. These strategies can also support the advancement of coproduction between geoscientists and diverse communities. For this reason, many authors from the geoscience education community have co‐created three commentaries on the use and future of ICON in geoscience education. We envision that sharing our expertise with ICON practice will be useful to other geoscience communities seeking to strengthen collaboration. Geoscience education brings substantial expertise in social science research and its application to building individual and collective capacity to address earth sustainability and equity issues at local to global scales The geoscience education community has expanded its own ICON capacity through access to and use of shared resources and research findings, enhancing data sharing and publication, and leadership development. We prioritize continued use of ICON principles to develop effective and inclusive communities that increase equity in geoscience education and beyond, support leadership and full participation of systemically non‐dominant groups and enable global discussions and collaborations.
Long non-coding RNA LINC00511 facilitates colon cancer development through regulating microRNA-625-5p to target WEE1
Authors: Qian Xiaowu , Jiang Chun , Zhu Zhengtai , Han Gaohua , Xu Ning , Ye Jun , Wang Ruixing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe altered part of long non-coding RNA LINC00511 (LINC00511) is extensively discussed in malignancies. Finitely, the mechanism of LINC00511 in colon cancer (CC) development lacks thorough explorations. Hence, this work is started from the LINC00511-mediated microRNA (miR)-625-5p/WEE1 axis in the CC process. LINC00511, miR-625-5p, and WEE1 levels were tested in CC tissues and cells. Subcellular localization of LINC00511 was clarified. CC cells were transfected with oligonucleotides that altered LINC00511, and miR-625-5p expression to define their performance in CC cell progression. The tumorigenic ability of cells was verified in xenografted tumors. CC tissues and cells highly expressed LINC00511 and WEE1 and lowly expressed miR-625-5p. LINC00511 was mainly localized in the cytoplasm. Deleted LINC00511 or restored miR-625-5p delayed cellular growth in CC. LINC00511 sponged miR-625-5p to target WEE1. Silenced miR-625-5p mitigated the role of depleted LINC00511, while inhibited WEE1 rescued the effect of silenced miR-625-5p on the biological functions of CC cells. It is summarized that down-regulated LINC00511 obstructs tumorigenesis of CC through restoring miR-625-5p and silencing WEE1, consolidating a basal reference for CC-oriented therapy.
Foldamers reveal and validate therapeutic targets associated with toxic α-synuclein self-assembly
Authors: Ahmed Jemil , Fitch Tessa C. , Donnelly Courtney M. , Joseph Johnson A. , Ball Tyler D. , Bassil Mikaela M. , Son Ahyun , Zhang Chen , Ledreux Aurélie , Horowitz Scott , Qin Yan , Paredes Daniel , Kumar Sunil 
Published: April 2022

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder for which there is no successful prevention or intervention. The pathological hallmark for PD involves the self-assembly of functional Alpha-Synuclein (αS) into non-functional amyloid structures. One of the potential therapeutic interventions against PD is the effective inhibition of αS aggregation. However, the bottleneck towards achieving this goal is the identification of αS domains/sequences that are essential for aggregation. Using a protein mimetic approach, we have identified αS sequences-based targets that are essential for aggregation and will have significant therapeutic implications. An extensive array of in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo assays is utilized to validate αS sequences and their structural characteristics that are essential for aggregation and propagation of PD phenotypes. The study aids in developing significant mechanistic and therapeutic insights into various facets of αS aggregation, which will pave the way for effective treatments for PD.
EWSR1-ATF1 dependent 3D connectivity regulates oncogenic and differentiation programs in Clear Cell Sarcoma
Authors: Möller Emely , Praz Viviane , Rajendran Sanalkumar , Dong Rui , Cauderay Alexandra , Xing Yu-Hang , Lee Lukuo , Fusco Carlo , Broye Liliane C. , Cironi Luisa , Iyer Sowmya , Rengarajan Shruthi , Awad Mary E. , Naigles Beverly , Letovanec Igor , Ormas Nicola , Finzi Giovanna , La Rosa Stefano , Sessa Fausto , Chebib Ivan , Petur Nielsen G. , Digklia Antonia , Spentzos Dimitrios , Cote Gregory M. , Choy Edwin , Aryee Martin , Stamenkovic Ivan , Boulay Gaylor , Rivera Miguel N. , Riggi Nicolò 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOncogenic fusion proteins generated by chromosomal translocations play major roles in cancer. Among them, fusions between EWSR1 and transcription factors generate oncogenes with powerful chromatin regulatory activities, capable of establishing complex gene expression programs in permissive precursor cells. Here we define the epigenetic and 3D connectivity landscape of Clear Cell Sarcoma, an aggressive cancer driven by the EWSR1-ATF1 fusion gene. We find that EWSR1-ATF1 displays a distinct DNA binding pattern that requires the EWSR1 domain and promotes ATF1 retargeting to new distal sites, leading to chromatin activation and the establishment of a 3D network that controls oncogenic and differentiation signatures observed in primary CCS tumors. Conversely, EWSR1-ATF1 depletion results in a marked reconfiguration of 3D connectivity, including the emergence of regulatory circuits that promote neural crest-related developmental programs. Taken together, our study elucidates the epigenetic mechanisms utilized by EWSR1-ATF1 to establish regulatory networks in CCS, and points to precursor cells in the neural crest lineage as candidate cells of origin for these tumors.
Leveraging omic features with F3UTER enables identification of unannotated 3’UTRs for synaptic genes
Authors: Sethi Siddharth , Zhang David , Guelfi Sebastian , Chen Zhongbo , Garcia-Ruiz Sonia , Olagbaju Emmanuel O. , Ryten Mina , Saini Harpreet , Botia Juan A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThere is growing evidence for the importance of 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) dependent regulatory processes. However, our current human 3’UTR catalogue is incomplete. Here, we develop a machine learning-based framework, leveraging both genomic and tissue-specific transcriptomic features to predict previously unannotated 3’UTRs. We identify unannotated 3’UTRs associated with 1,563 genes across 39 human tissues, with the greatest abundance found in the brain. These unannotated 3’UTRs are significantly enriched for RNA binding protein (RBP) motifs and exhibit high human lineage-specificity. We find that brain-specific unannotated 3’UTRs are enriched for the binding motifs of important neuronal RBPs such as TARDBP and RBFOX1, and their associated genes are involved in synaptic function. Our data is shared through an online resource F3UTER (https://astx.shinyapps.io/F3UTER/). Overall, our data improves 3’UTR annotation and provides additional insights into the mRNA-RBP interactome in the human brain, with implications for our understanding of neurological and neurodevelopmental diseases.
Machine learning predictions of irradiation embrittlement in reactor pressure vessel steels
Authors: Liu Yu-chen , Wu Henry , Mayeshiba Tam , Afflerbach Benjamin , Jacobs Ryan , Perry Josh , George Jerit , Cordell Josh , Xia Jinyu , Yuan Hao , Lorenson Aren , Wu Haotian , Parker Matthew , Doshi Fenil , Politowicz Alexander , Xiao Linda , Morgan Dane , Wells Peter , Almirall Nathan , Yamamoto Takuya , Odette G. Robert 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIrradiation increases the yield stress and embrittles light water reactor (LWR) pressure vessel steels. In this study, we demonstrate some of the potential benefits and risks of using machine learning models to predict irradiation hardening extrapolated to low flux, high fluence, extended life conditions. The machine learning training data included the Irradiation Variable for lower flux irradiations up to an intermediate fluence, plus the Belgian Reactor 2 and Advanced Test Reactor 1 for very high flux irradiations, up to very high fluence. Notably, the machine learning model predictions for the high fluence, intermediate flux Advanced Test Reactor 2 irradiations are superior to extrapolations of existing hardening models. The successful extrapolations showed that machine learning models are capable of capturing key intermediate flux effects at high fluence. Similar approaches, applied to expanded databases, could be used to predict hardening in LWRs under life-extension conditions.