bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temitomyces heimii– A Nutritious and Medicinally Important Wild Edible Mushroom of Similipal Forests, Odisha Boosting Tribal Health and Economy
Authors: Kulkarni Supriya , Joshi Santosh , Thatoi Hrudayanath 
Published: December 2022

Mushrooms are consumed worldwide because of their nutritional, medicinal values as well as pleasant taste and flavour. Wild edible mushrooms are source of livelihood for poor and landless people which they consume and sell the surplus mushrooms in the nearby market. Many people are not aware about the edibility of wild mushrooms which are generally confined to the tribal areas. However, tribals are aware of the edible mushrooms due to their age-old traditional uses and fond of hunting mushrooms during rainy season. The present paper deals with availability, collection, consumption pattern of wild edible mushrooms by tribals communities, along with preservation and economical contribution of Termitomyces heimii, a popular wild edible mushrooms profusely growing during rainy season of the Similipal, state of Odisha, India.
Similipal has a greater diversity of mushrooms throughout the length and breadth due to its varying soil and climate conditions. T. heimii collected the tribal people from near forest area in 4-5 different times in huge quantities during July to October. It partly consumed and rest of the mushroom are sold in the market at a price of Rupees 300/- to 400/-. Termitomyces were more frequently available in Sal (Shorea robusta) forests. Many traders visit forest fringe villages and collect this mushroom from local collector’s and sell it in the marker with profit. Due to its taste, the mushroom has got very high demand in this locality that, it is sold within 5-6 hours after reaching to market. It is assessed that mushrooms worth 14 lakhs are sold in Baripada alone a nearly town of Similipal. The valuation T. heimii alone made by the authors during the field assessment showed that, the entire of Similipal is contributing economically nearly 1.2 crore value of mushrooms as contribution towards livelihood of tribal people. In interior areas tribal people preserve the mushrooms after drying it and consume later during after the season is end. During the study, a survey was conducted in villages adjoining to the forests and local markets to assess the quantities of mushrooms collected from forest and the value of selling valve on the market. Exercise was conducted to know the traditional preservation practice of this mushroom by tribals. From the present investigation, it is concluded that T. heimii is an important wild edible mushroom from Similipal which provides, nutrition and economic boost to the tribals in Similipal region. This promising species can be explored for its domestication in view of its preferred food value as well as a livelihood support of the rural poor people.
Celiprolol augments the effect of physical exercise on insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels in chronic heart failure
Authors: Pietilä Mikko , Malminiemi Kimmo , Huupponen Risto , Rouru Juha , Pulkki Kari , Pere Erkki , Voipio‐Pulkki Liisa‐Maria 
Published: July 2002

AbstractPurpose:Impaired insulin sensitivity has been linked with chronic heart failure (CHF). Exercise has a beneficial effect on insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects. It is used also as an adjunctive therapy in patients with CHF. We studied the effect of randomized treatment with celiprolol, a vasodilating β1‐adrenoceptor antagonist, 200 mg once daily (n=20) or placebo (n=11) on serum lipid levels and insulin sensitivity in patients with CHF. In addition, all subjects participated in a 6‐month exercise training protocol. Thirteen subjects in the celiprolol and eight subjects in the control group were on additional β1‐adrenoceptor antagonist as part of their tailored CHF therapy. Insulin sensitivity was determined using the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp test (diabetic subjects excluded, n=11 for the celiprolol group and n=8 for the placebo group).Results:Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) increased by 33% (P<0.05) in the celiprolol group and by 17% (NS) in the control group. The mean increase in the whole group was 20% [from 68.2±11.5 to 81.7±10.7 ml/min/kg (mU/l), P<0.05]. No change was found in the total cholesterol level. HDL cholesterol levels increased by 12% (from 0.98±0.05 to 1.10±0.05 mmol/l, P<0.005), and HDL/total cholesterol and HDL/LDL cholesterol ratios by 15% and 16%, respectively (P<0.005). The increase in serum fasting HDL cholesterol level was greater in the celiprolol‐treated group (P<0.05). At baseline ISI correlated with maximal oxygen uptake (r=0.65, P<0.0001) and body mass index (r=−0.55, P<0.001). The change in ISI correlated weakly with the improvement in muscle exercise capacity (r=0.53, P<0.05).Conclusions:Insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels may be favorably affected by exercise training in subjects with mild‐to‐moderate CHF. Celiprolol, a vasodilating β1‐ selective adrenoceptor antagonist, potentiates this effect.
Modern pollen spectra from tropical South India and Sri Lanka: altitudinal distribution
Authors: Bonnefille R. , Anupama K. , Barboni D. , Pascal J. , Prasad S. , Sutra J. P. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryWe analysed the pollen content of 106 surface soil samples from evergreen and deciduous tropical forests distributed between 6° and 13° of latitude north in South India and Sri Lanka. The samples were collected along altitudinal gradients, ranging from 50 to 2420 m, in five regions that experience different rainfall regimes. Original pollen data from tropical vegetation subjected to seasonal monsoon rains are presented along altitude/temperature gradients. This paper includes a summarized description of the vegetation types mapped in the area.The pollen results are presented in the form of quantitative pollen diagrams and correspondence analyses. They show clear distinct pollen assemblages and markers for all types of vegetation in deciduous and evergreen vegetation. Forests are well identified by percentages of Arboreal Pollen greater than 50%, despite the fact that Dipterocarpaceae and Lauraceae are hardly recorded by pollen.The pollen distinction between low, medium and high elevation evergreen forests matches that established by ecologists. The botanical limits, respectively, placed at 900 m and 1500 m limits, correspond to the 20 °C and 15 °C‐values of mean temperature of the coldest month. They appear clearly identified in the modern pollen record. This justifies further use of pollen data in Biome modelling.
Malignant chondroid syringoma of the skin: Magnetic resonance imaging features
Authors: Nicolaou S , Dubec Jj , Munk Pl , O'Connell Jx , Lee Mj 
Published: July 2002

SUMMARYSkin tumours are usually divided into melanoma and non‐melanoma types. Malignancies of the adnexal structures, of which sweat gland tumours are an example, are characterized under the non‐melanoma types. Sweat gland malignancies are rare tumours that are usually associated with a poor prognosis. Given the rarity of these tumours, MRI findings of such tumours have not been described previously in the literature. We present a case report of an unusual malignant tumour of sweat gland origin known as a malignant chondroid syringoma of the skin with described MRI features. The MRI features are non‐specific depicting intermediate signal intensity, changes on the proton density sequence and increased signal on the T2 and STIR‐weighted sequences. Although these imaging features are characteristic of most soft tissue masses MRI can, in most cases, accurately depict the anatomic extent and identify tissue of origin, depth of invasion and relation to adjacent structures, such as muscles and bones. Thus high‐resolution MRI of the skin in the future can be extremely helpful in characterizing and staging dermal neoplasms.
Study of the correlation between the vacA genotype of Helicobacter pylori, the VacA product and gastroduodenal disease
Authors: Youli Zhang , Houyu Liu , Kang Zhou , Caimei Ni , Meiyu Hu , Jianjun Jin 
Published: July 2002

OBJECTIVE: To determine vacA genotypes and the vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA) activity of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with chronic gastritis (CG), peptic ulcers (PU) and gastric cancer (GC), and to investigate the relationship between the vacA genotypes of H. pylori, their product, VacA, and gastroduodenal diseases. METHODS: Sixty‐two H. pylori strains were isolated from patients with CG (27 cases), PU (24 cases) and GC (11 cases) as diagnosed by either endoscopy or surgical pathology. The vacA genotypes of the H. pylori strains were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HeLa cell assays for VacA activity were carried out using a 20‐fold concentrated culture supernatant of H. pylori in vitro. Culture supernatants of H. pylori strain NCTC 11637 and culture supernatants without H. pylori were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. RESULTS: All 62 H. pylori strains contained the vacA gene. The signal sequence and mid‐region gene of the 62 H. pylori strains were s1a and m2 types, respectively. Mosaicism in vacA alleles was type s1a/m2 exclusively. The total rate of VacA expression in vitro was 37.1%; the rates of VacA expression in H. pylori strains isolated from patients with CG, PU and GC were 33.33, 29.17 and 63.64%, respectively. The proportion of strains expressing VacA in patients with GC was higher than those in patients with CG and PU, but the difference in VacA expression rates in CG, PU and GC strains was not significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The vacA genotype of H. pylori cannot be used to predict the clinical consequences of infection with that strain of H. pylori. Moreover, the VacA activity of H. pylori in vitro cannot be used to predict whether subjects infected with H. pylori will be more likely to develop CG, PU or GC. No correlation between vacA genotype and VacA expression was found in the present study.
The relevance of the glycaemic index to our understanding of dietary carbohydrates
Authors: Frost G. , Dornhorst A. 
Published: July 2002

Summary Aims To review the evidence for the importance of glycaemic index of dietary carbohydrate in disease prevention and control Methods A critical appraisal of the literature published in English between and cited on Medline between January 1966 and October 1999. Results Using basic, intervention and epidemiological studies from experienced teams, evidence that the glycaemic index of diet may influence outcome in terms of cardiovascular risk, risk of metabolic syndrome diseases and pregnancy was found Conclusions Consideration of glycaemic indices in making dietary recommendations may be expected to produce additional health benefit.
A longitudinal study of cycloplegic refraction in a cohort of 350 Japanese schoolchildren. Anisometropia
Authors: Yamashita Tetsuhiro , Watanabe Shinobu , Ohba Norio 
Published: July 2002

SummaryThe intereye difference of cycloplegic refraction was determined in a cohort of 350 rural Japanese schoolchildren aged 6 to 11 years. The intereye spherical difference remained statistically unchanged throughout 5 years, with mean value ranging from 0.21 to 0.28 D, median from 0.15 to 0.20 D, and the 95th percentile from 0.58 to 0.85 D. The prevalence of 1.0 D or greater spherical anisometropia was up to 3.1%. Linear regression analyses of the longitudinal data from individual children revealed that 295 (84.3%) children had remained unchanged while 55 (15.7%) showed significant increase or decrease in the amount of anisometropia with increasing age. The intereye astigmatic difference was also statistically unchangeable, with mean value ranging from 0.28 to 0.36 D, median from 0.20 to 0.39 D, and the 95th percentile from 0.70 to 0.90 D. The prevalence of 1.0 D or greater astigmatic anisometropia was up to 4.3%. There was a significant correlation between the spherical and astigmatic anisometropia. The results show the current state of intereye refractive difference in Japanese schoolchildren, demonstrating that it remains unchanged and significant anisometropia is rare during school age.
Multinuclear nonmagnetic resonance studies of perfluoro poly ether lubricants (abstract)
Authors: Viswanathan K. V. 
Published: July 2002

Commercial perfluoro poly ethers (PFPE) are available with different backbone structures and end groups and are being used as lubricants for particulate/thin film disks. Very little published information is available other than F-19 spectra for these polymers.1 In this abstract a systematic study was undertaken to study the structure of these PFPE polymers using multinuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Backbone structural differences of Z. Fomblin, Y. Fomblin, Krytox, and Demnums could be clearly seen from F-19 NMR studies. Number average molecular weight of PFPE polymers was also determined from F-19 NMR and found to be between 2000 and 10 000. C-13 NMR was used to differentiate the end group from backbone structure. Associated proton test (APT) was used to distinguish the primary, secondary, and tertiary carbons. The proton connectivity of end group (e.g., Fomblin AM2001) was studied by two dimensional (2D) proton correlation spectroscopy (COSY). The connectivity of a hydrogen containing end group to the backbone was studied by heteronuclear shift correlation spectroscopy (HCORR). Even though these PFPE polymers have low vapor pressure, a significant amount of lube loss is found over a period of time under HDA (head disk assembly) conditions.
The temperature could increase from 25 to 60 °C. Additionally under certain asperity/head interaction conditions the temperature variation could be as high as 300 °C to 500 °C. It is also reported that functionalized polymeric materials (e.g., Krytox 143 AC) can be bonded to magnetic disk surface by applying heat. The effect of temperature on lubricant volatility/stability was studied for AM 2001. The molecular weight of heat treated AM 2001 (90 min at 130 °C) changed from 2100 to 4500. This could be due to preferential volatilization of low molecular weight fragments. NMR analysis showed significant conversion of piperonyl end group to -CH2OH. Thus AM 2001 is not thermally stable. Precipitation was also found to occur when AM 2001 is stored over a period of time. The precipitate is found to be a derivative of 9,10 dihydroanthracene. Unlike other PFPE polymers AM 2001 is found to be sparingly soluble in dichloromethane (contrary to the claim by the manufacturer that it is soluble only in fluorinated solvents) and hence more polar than Fomblin Z-Dol.
The anharmonic force field and equilibrium molecular structure of ketene
Authors: East Allan L. L. , Allen Wesley D. , Klippenstein Stephen J. 
Published: July 2002

A comprehensive anharmonic vibrational analysis of isotopic ketenes has been performed on the basis of a complete ab initio quartic force field constructed by means of second-order Mo/ller–Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) and the coupled-cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) approach, augmented for structural optimizations by a contribution for connected triple excitations [CCSD(T)]. The atomic-orbital basis sets of the study entailed C,O(10s6p/5s4p) and H(6s/4s) spaces multiply polarized in the valence region to give QZ(2d,2p) and QZ(2d1f,2p1d) sets. An iterative anharmonic vibrational refinement of a limited set of quadratic scaling parameters on 27 fundamentals of H2CCO, HDCCO, D2CCO, and H2C13CO generates a final quartic force field which reproduces the empirical νi data with an average absolute error of only 1.1 cm−1. This force field yields a complete and self-consistent set of Coriolis (ζij), vibrational anharmonic (χij), vibration–rotation interaction (αi), and quartic and sextic centrifugal distortion constants, providing a critical assessment of the assorted spectroscopic constants determined over many years and also facilitating future computations of vibrational state densities for detailed tests of unimolecular dissociation theories.
The harmonic frequencies ascertained for H2CCO (in cm−1), with associated anharmonicities in parentheses, are ω1(a1)=3202.2(−129.2), ω2(a1)=2197.2(−44.4), ω3(a1)=1415.2(−25.9), ω4(a1)=1146.0(−29.7), ω5(b1)=581.9(+7.1), ω6(b1)=502.6(+26.3), ω7(b2)=3308.2(−141.3), ω8(b2)=996.0(−17.9), and ω9(b2)=433.6(+5.0). The large positive anharmonicity for the ν6(b1) C=C=O bending mode, which is principally a Coriolis effect, warrants continued investigation. Explicit first-order treatments of the strong Fermi interactions within the (ν4,2ν5,ν5+ν6,2ν6) manifold reveal resonance shifts for ν4(H2CCO, HDCCO, D2CCO) of (−12.1, −10.0, +12.2) cm−1, in order. The experimental assignments for this Fermi tetrad are confirmed to be problematic. From high-precision empirical rotational constants of six isotopomers and the theoretical anharmonic force field, the equilibrium structure of ketene is derived: re(C=O)=1.160 30(29) Å, re(C=C)=1.312 12(30) Å, re(C–H)=1.075 76(7) Å, and θe(H–C–H)=121.781(12)°. A natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis shows that the unusually large methylene angle is attributable to extensive in-plane π delocalization.
Staff Communication With People With Intellectual Disabilities: The Impact Of A Work‐Based Training Programme
Authors: Purcell Margaret , McConkey Roy , Morris Irene 
Published: July 2002

AbstractPrevious studies have identified changes that front‐line service staff could usefully make to enhance their communications and those of their clients who have intellectual disabilities. These were incorporated into a training programme delivered in the workplace that involved a self‐selected group of 24 experienced staff working either in small‐scale residential settings and day centres. Analysis of video‐recordings made before and after training showed that although most clients had become more active communicators (particularly when they were engaged in shared activities with staff), significant changes in staff behaviours as a whole were not observed. However increased responsiveness from staff did correlate significantly with increases in the client's communication acts. In addition, qualitative reports from staff and tutors pinpointed specific changes that staff had made. The difficulties of evaluating changes in staff‐client communications are discussed and four features for training staff in communication are identified as essential; namely, it should be work‐based, client focused, mentor‐guided, and effective strategies documented and shared.
Contribution of finger tracing to the recognition of Chinese characters
Authors: Yim‐Ng Yuet‐Yee , Varley Rosemary , Andrade Jackie 
Published: July 2002

AbstractFinger tracing is a simulation of the act of writing without the use of pen and paper. It is claimed to help in the processing of Chinese characters, possibly by providing additional motor coding. In this study, blindfolded subjects were equally good at identifying Chinese characters and novel visual stimuli through passive movements made with the index finger of the preferred hand and those made with the last finger of that hand. This suggests that finger tracing provides a relatively high level of coding specific to individual characters, but non‐specific to motor effectors. Beginning each stroke from the same location, i.e. removing spatial information, impaired recognition of the familiar characters and the novel nonsense figures. Passively tracing the strokes in a random sequence also impaired recognition of the characters. These results therefore suggest that the beneficial effect of finger tracing on writing or recall of Chinese characters is mediated by sequence and spatial information embedded in the motor movements, and that proprioceptive channel may play a part in mediating visuospatial information. Finger tracing may be a useful strategy for remediation of Chinese language impairments.
Free Radical‐Induced Protein Degradation of Erythrocyte Membrane is Influenced by the Localization of Radical Generation
Authors: Celedón Gloria , González Gustavo , Lissi Eduardo A. , Hidalgo Gissela 
Published: July 2002

AbstractWe have investigated the role of the localization of free radical generation in erythrocyte membrane proteins degradation. The extracellular radical producer 2,2'‐azobis(2‐amidinopropane) hydrochloride induced a greater loss of band‐3 protein in comparison with spectrin whereas the intracellular radical initiator cysteine induced the reverse effect. However, a large extent of main‐chain fragmentation was observed for both proteins under the action of cysteine‐derived radicals. The results show that the relative localization of the radical generation has an important influence on the degradation of specific proteins of the erythrocyte membrane.
The β Subunit of the Sec61 Complex Facilitates Cotranslational Protein Transport and Interacts with the Signal Peptidase during Translocation
Authors: Kalies Kai-Uwe , Rapoport Tom A. , Hartmann Enno 
Published: July 2002

The Sec61 complex is the central component of the protein translocation apparatus of the ER membrane. We have addressed the role of the β subunit (Sec61β) during cotranslational protein translocation. With a reconstituted system, we show that a Sec61 complex lacking Sec61β is essentially inactive when elongation and membrane targeting of a nascent chain occur at the same time. The translocation process is perturbed at a step where the nascent chain would be inserted into the translocation channel. However, if sufficient time is given for the interaction of the nascent polypeptide with the mutant Sec61 complex, translocation is almost normal. Thus Sec61β kinetically facilitates cotranslational translocation, but is not essential for it.
Using chemical cross-linking we show that Sec61β not only interacts with subunits of the Sec61 complex but also with the 25-kD subunit of the signal peptidase complex (SPC25), thus demonstrating for the first time a tight interaction between the SPC and the Sec61 complex. Interestingly, the cross-links between Sec61β and SPC25 and between Sec61β and Sec61α depend on the presence of membrane-bound ribosomes, suggesting that these interactions are induced when translocation is initiated. We propose that the SPC is transiently recruited to the translocation site, thus enhancing its activity.
Setting up a first website for society publications
Authors: McKinty K. , Saadat S. , Smith F. J. , Donovan B. T. 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTA co‐operative project between the Association of Learned and Professional Society Publishers and Queen's University, Belfast, supported by the Electronic Libraries Programme, was set up to create a website and host the publications of five learned societies on an experimental basis. In the light of the experience gained, societies who have not taken the first steps in providing electronic services for their members and subscribers are offered advice on the structure, setup, and service requirements for their first website.
What can technology offer? Notes on technical developments for the non‐technical
Authors: Brown Iain D. 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTThe internet is assuming an all‐pervasive presence on television, radio, telephones and in the papers. Yet in what ways can value be added to existing content? What does the internet really offer in terms of technology and content management? It is suggested that publishers can use the internet to their advantage through the repurposing of content.