bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intended Response to Tornado Watches among Tennessee Residents
Authors: Burow Daniel , Ellis Kelsey , First Jennifer 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Tornado watches are issued by the National Weather Service when conditions are favorable for tornado formation. Individuals’ responses to a tornado watch may affect their ability to seek shelter before a tornado strikes. Here, survey data of Tennessee residents were used to determine common patterns in intended responses to two tornado watch scenarios: one during daytime, and the other at nighttime. Three common patterns were identified for a daytime watch: doing nothing, seeking information using technology, or seeking shelter and praying for safety. The two patterns for a nighttime watch were either to do nothing or to react actively by seeking further information, seeking shelter, and contacting friends and family. Logistic regressions indicated younger participants, those with prior tornado experience, and those who understood a tornado watch were less likely to intend to seek shelter and pray for safety during the daytime. Older participants and those without strong self-efficacy beliefs were less likely to use technology to find further information. For the nighttime scenario, participants living in east Tennessee and those who believed that bodies of water provide protection from tornadoes were more likely to respond actively, while wealthier participants and those living in single- or multifamily houses were less likely to respond actively. These results show that intended watch response is influenced by many factors, including age, income, and self-efficacy beliefs, as well as knowledge of and experience with tornadoes. In addition, those who do not understand the meaning of a tornado watch may be more likely to seek shelter prematurely.

Significance Statement
We sought to determine common intended responses to tornado watches, a type of alert that indicates conditions are favorable for tornadoes over the next few hours, among the public. We then analyzed which participant characteristics were associated with these common response types. Age, income, housing type, belief in tornado myths, knowledge of watch terminology, and belief that one’s own actions affect tornado survival likelihood were all significantly associated with common response types. These findings are important for forecasters, broadcasters, and others responsible for alerting the public for severe weather. Clarifying tornado watch terminology, dispelling myths, and specifying where those in mobile homes can find shelter are all important strategies for a better-prepared public.
Promoting healthy eating: The intervening role of health and nutrition-related claims in food advertisements
Authors: Pan Po-Lin , Bhandari Manu , Meng Juan 
Published: October 2022

Objective: Factors contributing to the obesity epidemic have powerful effects on people who are frequently exposed to the extensive advertisement of unhealthy foods. This study aimed to examine how consumers’ attitudes towards health and nutrition-related (HNR) claims in food advertisements affected their healthy food choice (HFC) and how online searching for nutrition information (OSNI) about food products mediated the impact of obesity knowledge on HFC. Method: An online survey was conducted using Amazon Mechanical Turk. A total of 897 participants were recruited, with 484 women and 380 men. A moderated mediation analysis using PROCESS was conducted. Results: OSNI was found to mediate the impact of obesity knowledge on HFC. The extent to which consumers’ obesity knowledge influenced their HFC depended on consumers’ attitudes towards HNR claims in food advertisements. The direct effect of consumers’ obesity knowledge on their HFC was moderated by their attitudes towards HNR claims in food advertisements. Conclusion: Both theoretical and practical insights into the dynamic effects on HFC were identified in response to the use of HNR claims in food advertisements as a persuasive strategy for promoting healthy eating. Healthcare professionals and health educators working to address obesity issues should craft more useful online health and nutrition information for consumers who are considering eating healthier foods. In addition, more helpful HNR claims in food advertisements should be developed so as to promote healthy food products, especially for consumers with limited obesity knowledge.
Experience in management of cesarean scar pregnancy and outcomes in a single center
Authors: Wu Dong-fang , Zhang Hong-xia , He Wen , Liu Xin , Song Hai-man , Yu Teng-fei 
Published: October 2022

Objective This study aimed to describe our experience of managing cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) and outcomes depending on ultrasound imaging features. Methods A retrospective, cohort observational study was performed on 31 consecutive patients with CSP at 6 to 9 weeks of gestation from April 2015 to January 2021. All patients were evaluated for the residual myometrial thickness (RMT), growth direction of the gestational sac (GS), blood flow, and chorionic parenchyma using ultrasonography. Patients underwent curettage or methotrexate (MTX) combined with curettage in CSP depending on the age of the GS. Blood loss of >500 mL with curettage was considered major bleeding. Results Twenty-five (80.6%) patients had successful treatment, and six (19.4%) patients had major bleeding. The incidence of major bleeding was significantly higher in patients with >7 weeks of gestation, types II and III CSP, mixed and exogenous types of the growth direction of the GS, an RMT < 2 mm, and multiple lacunae formation in thickened chorionic parenchyma. Conclusions The exogenous and mixed types of the GS, an RMT < 2 mm, and multiple lacunae in thickened chorionic parenchyma may be high-risk factors for major hemorrhage by curettage in CSP.
Relationships of ABO and Rhesus blood groups with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Getawa Solomon , Bayleyegn Biruk , Aynalem Melak , Worku Yilkal Belete , Adane Tiruneh 
Published: October 2022

Objectives The susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been linked to blood type. We aimed to characterize the relationships of the ABO and Rhesus blood groups with T2DM. Methods Literature searches were performed using the Medline, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases to identify studies published up to 31 March 2022. The PRISMA guidelines were used for reporting. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained using fixed-effects models. Results Twenty-six studies of 6870 patients with T2DM and 11,879 controls were identified. Compared with the other ABO groups, people with blood type B were at higher risk of T2DM (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.20–1.41), while group O was associated with a lower risk (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86–0.98). There were no significant associations of T2DM with blood types A or AB, or Rh factor. Conclusion Individuals with blood type B are at higher risk of developing T2DM. Therefore, they should be screened for T2DM on a frequent basis and be made aware of the importance of maintaining a balanced diet and regular exercise for the prevention of obesity and T2DM. PROSPERO registration number CRD42022353945.
Non-Invasive Vascular Elastography as a One-Step Imaging Technique to Evaluate Early Vascular Changes in Children Compared to B-Mode-Based Intima-Media Thickness Technique : A Validation Study Using Inter- and Intra-Rater Reliability
Authors: Alchourron Emilie , Dubois Josée , Cloutier Guy , Stein Nina , Farhat Ziad , Roy-Cardinal Marie-Hélène , Moretti Jean-Baptiste , Lapierre Chantale , El Jalbout Ramy 
Published: October 2022

Background: Childhood obesity is linked to higher adult mortality and morbidity from atherosclerosis. It is primordial to detect at-risk children earlier-on to prevent disease progression. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is a subclinical radiological marker for early atherosclerosis. B-mode ultrasound is a known technique to assess IMT, but no gold standard technique exists in children. Non-invasive vascular elastography (NIVE) using speckle statistics is an innovative alternative to evaluate IMT and adds by providing translation, strain and shear strain measurements. Validation studies for both techniques lack in children. Purpose: Validate the reproducibility of the 2 techniques in Canadian children. Methods: We conducted a prospective study where anthropometry, blood pressure, IMT and elastography were measured. Six operators obtained 2 measurements for both carotid arteries using both techniques, for a total of 720 measurements. Inter- and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated for each measurement technique and elastography parameters. Results: 30 participants (13.0 ± 1.26 years, 17 girls) were recruited. Twelve were overweight. No significant difference was found in mean IMT between weight groups for either technique ( P = .15 and P = .60). We found excellent inter- (ICC = .98 [95% Confidence Interval (CI): .97; .99]) and intra- (ICC = .90-.93) operator reliability for the B-mode technique, and good inter (ICC = .70 [95% CI: .47; .85]) and intra- (ICC = .71-.91) operator reliability for the NIVE-based technique. Poor reliability was found between techniques (ICC = .30 [95% CI: −.31; .65). For elastography parameters, translation was the most reliable (ICC = .94-.95). Conclusion: IMT measurement is reproducible in children but not between techniques. NIVE gives the advantage of evaluating elastography.
Changes in Harm Perception for E-Cigarettes Among Youth in the United States, 2014–2019
Authors: Namwase Angella Sandra , Gyimah Emmanuel A. , Carothers Bobbi J. , Combs Todd B. , Harris Jenine K. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose To evaluate the trend of harm perception for e-cigarettes and the trend of the association between harm perception for e-cigarettes and for cigarettes among US youth from 2014 to 2019. Design, setting and subjects The National Youth Tobacco Survey is an annual, cross-sectional, school-based survey done among youth selected using three-stage probability sampling. Analysis Data were drawn from the 2014 to 2019 Surveys. A Multinomial logistic regression model was used to assess the association between harm perception for e-cigarettes and harm perception for cigarettes for each year. Results The percentage of youth who perceived e-cigarettes as harmless decreased from 2014 to 2019 (17.2% to 5.8%). From 2015 to 2018, the percentage of smokers who perceived e-cigarettes as a little harmful increased (33.6% to 41.2%). The positive association between harm perception for e-cigarettes and harm perception for cigarettes became stronger with time. In 2014, the odds of perceiving e-cigarettes as harmless relative to very harmful were 19.55 times greater for youth who perceived cigarettes as harmless, compared to those who perceived cigarettes as very harmful (OR = 19.55; 95% CI: 14.19–26.94). These odds increased to 77.65 times in 2019 (OR = 77.65; 95% CI: 41.48–107.85). Conclusion This study suggests a stronger relationship between perceived harm of cigarettes and e-cigarettes with time. Interventions to prevent smoking have the potential to change e-cigarette use.
Effects of electroacupuncture on liver function in mice with chronic alcoholic liver injury: visual display by in vivo fluorescence imaging
Authors: Song Xiao-jing , Wang Shu-you , Jia Shu-yong , Wang Guang-jun , Zhang Wei-bo 
Published: October 2022

Objective: Acupuncture can improve the symptoms of alcohol-induced bodily injury and has been accepted by the World Health Organization. In this study, in vivo fluorescence imaging (IVFI) was applied to display and evaluate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on liver function (LF) in mice with chronic alcoholic liver injury (cALI). Methods: IVFI of the Cy5.5-galactosylated polylysine (Cy5.5-GP) probe targeting the liver asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) and liver indocyanine green (ICG) clearance was performed to visually evaluate the effect of EA at ST36 and BL18 on liver reserve function and hepatic metabolism in mice with cALI. In addition, changes in ASGPR expression, serum indexes of LF, and hepatic morphology were observed. Results: After EA at ST36 and BL18, the ASGPR-targeted fluorescence signals (FS) in the liver increased significantly in cALI mice ( p < 0.05) and exhibited relationships with liver ASGPR expression, liver ICG clearance, liver histology, and serum marker levels of LF in cALI mice undergoing EA intervention. Conclusions: As displayed by IVFI, EA at ST36 and BL18 appears to improve liver reserve function and inhibit the development of liver injury in mice with cALI. EA may have potential as a treatment strategy to protect against ALI.
Father’s Perspective on Breast Feeding: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Based Study
Authors: Velmurugan Aparna , Rajendran Prahankumar , Garg Manasi , Mani Manaikandan 
Published: October 2022

Introduction Despite global efforts to promote exclusive breastfeeding, the rates in India have been in the sub-optimal range. Higher levels of paternal support and encouragement are linked to better maternal confidence in breastfeeding. This study was aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of fathers of infants towards the importance of breastfeeding practices. Method Fathers of infants visiting the Pediatric OPD, were interviewed with a structured, pre-tested questionnaire after obtaining written informed consent. This is a cross-sectional study where 158 fathers were given the questionnaire on knowledge, attitude, and practice about breastfeeding along with the sociodemographic details. The sections of the questionnaire were scored using the five-point Likert scale. Results Among the 158 fathers who participated in the study, majority (51%) had moderate scores in knowledge, attitude, and practice about breastfeeding. Around 131 fathers (83%) have not received any counseling about support and their role in breastfeeding and majority (58%) fathers felt the need to get education and training regarding parenting skills. Around 66% of the fathers were aware of the ideal duration of exclusive breastfeeding. About 35% of the fathers were not comfortable letting their wives breastfeed the child in public places. Around 25% of the participants had the idea that breastmilk production is reduced after child delivery through Cesarean section. Conclusion Fathers should have active participation during maternal check-ups, delivery, and antenatal counselling. This will help a better bonding and may lead to successful and prolonged breastfeeding. Educating fathers may help in increasing breastfeeding rates and duration.
Risk factors for postpartum depression among sexual minority and heterosexual parents
Authors: Huller Harari Liat , Blasbalg Uri , Arnon Shay , Ben-Sheetrit Joseph , Toren Paz 
Published: October 2022

Objective Postpartum depression (PPD), a major depressive episode with postpartum onset, develops in 15% of mothers. Although findings suggest sexual minority parents may be at risk for PPD, research among this population is scarce. We evaluated risk factors for PPD in a sample of sexual minority and heterosexual parents. Method Four hundred and twenty seven heterosexual and one hundred and eleven sexual minority parents responded to a questionnaire distributed via social media that included demographics, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Results Sexual minority identity was not associated with increased risk for PPD. Pregnancy had no significant effect on the likelihood for PPD. Social support was negatively and significantly associated with probability for PPD. Conclusions Our data suggest that sexual minority parents are not at increased risk for PPD, contrary to previous findings. The parental role, a psychosocial factor, is a more dominant risk factor than pregnancy itself, in the development of PPD.
Novel compound heterozygous variant of GJA8 gene in two siblings with congenital cataract mimics an autosomal recessive trait
Authors: Lin Yunting , Chen Xiaodan , Liang Cuili , Li Duan , Liu Li , Li Xiuzhen 
Published: October 2022

Background GJA8 gene is known to cause autosomal dominant congenital cataract. Here we report a novel compound heterozygous variant of GJA8 gene in two siblings that mimics an autosomal recessive trait. Patients and methods Two siblings from a non-consanguineous Chinese family suffered from isolated congenital cataract. Whole exome sequencing was performed to identify disease-causing variants followed by a confirmatory Sanger sequencing. Results Whole exome sequencing revealed a novel compound heterozygous variant of GJA8 gene, c.855delG(p.Met286Trpfs*71)/c.1125delC(p.Gly376Glufs*33), in the proband. Sanger sequencing confirmed that the proband and his sister harboured this compound heterozygous variant, while the parents were heterozygous carriers, suggesting an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. Both parents showed mildly impaired vision, but only the father had mild nuclear opacities, suggesting an autosomal dominant trait with reduced penetrance in one of the pathogenic alleles. Conclusions Our report shows compound heterozygous variant of GJA8 gene may mimic autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, and reminds clinicians to perform needful examination. The two novel pathogenic GJA8 variants expand the mutational spectrum of congenital cataract. This study also provides accurate genetic diagnosis for the family.
The Effectiveness of Insulin Pump Therapy Versus Multiple Daily Injections in Children With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in a Specialized Center in Riyadh
Authors: Babiker Amir , Alammari Nawaf , Aljuraisi Abdulrahman , Alharbi Rakan , Alqarni Hamoud , Masuadi Emad , Alfaraidi Haifa 
Published: October 2022

Objectives: Comparison of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) with multiple daily injections (MDI) in achieving glycemic control in youths with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods: Retrospective cohort study including 2 matched groups of youths with T1DM treated by CSII or MDI in a tertiary specialized children’s hospital in Saudi Arabia. Children and adolescents aged up to 18 years, diagnosed with T1DM and using CSII or MDI, from the period 2016 to 2018. Patients on MDI were newly-diagnosed patients with T1DM who had the disease for only 1 year duration; all CSII patients had at least 1 to 2 years of T1DM but who had just started on pumps in the past 3 months. We excluded patients with other autoimmune diseases, non-ambulatory patients and those admitted to hospital for non-diabetes reasons. Primary outcome was HbA1c at 1, 2, and 3 years, with weight gain as a secondary outcome. Ambulatory glycemic profile was analyzed from a subset of patients using intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM). Results: A total of 168 youths with T1DM (n = 129 in the MDI group, n = 39 in the CSII group) were included. The CSII group consistently had lower HbA1c levels compared to the MDI group throughout a 3-year follow up period: 8.1% versus 10.1, P-value < .001 at 1 year, 7.5% versus 10.1% at 2 years, P-value  < .001, 8.9% versus 10.3% at 3 years, P-value = .033. Body mass index significantly increased in both groups at 1 year, although greater in CSII group. In a subgroup using isCGM (n = 37 on MDI and n = 29 on CSII), the CSII group had a lower average blood glucose (194 mg/dL vs 228 mg/dL, P-value = .028) and a lower estimated HbA1c level (8.4% vs 9.6%, P-value = .022). Conclusion: Treatment with CSII resulted in lower HbA1c compared to MDI in our cohort, which was sustained over a 3-year period.
Multimodal imaging approach for the diagnosis of intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD): Basic principles, current and future perspectives
Authors: Charles Jude Hassan , Desai Sohum , Jean Paul Axler , Hassan Ameer 
Published: October 2022

Purpose To review the different imaging modalities utilized in the diagnosis of Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease (ICAD) including their latest development and relevance in management of ICAD. Methods A review of the literature was conducted through a search in google scholar, PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, clinical trials.gov and the Cochrane Library. Search terms included, “imaging modalities in ICAD,” “ICAD diagnostic,” “Neuroimaging of ICAD,” “Evaluation of ICAD”. A summary and comparison of each modality's basic principles, advantages and disadvantages were included. Results A total of 144 articles were identified and reviewed. The most common imaging used in ICAD diagnoses were DSA, CTA, MRA and TCD. They all had proven accuracy, their own benefits, and limitations. Newer modalities such as VWI, IVUS, OCT, PWI and CFD provide more detailed information regarding the vessel walls, plaque characteristics, and flow dynamics, which play a tremendous role in treatment guidance. In certain clinical scenarios, using more than one modality has been shown to be helpful in ICAD identification. The rapidly evolving software related to imaging studies, such as virtual histology, are very promising for the diagnostic and management of ICAD. Conclusions ICAD is a common cause of recurrent ischemic stroke. Its management can be both medical and/or procedural. Many different imaging modalities are used in its diagnosis. In certain clinical scenario, a combination of two more modalities can be critical in the management of ICAD. We expect that continuous development of imaging technique will lead to individualized and less invasive management with adequate outcome.
Maternal health and pregnancy outcomes in autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease
Authors: Bleyer Anthony J , Kidd Kendrah O , Williams Adrienne H , Johnson Emily , Robins Victoria , Martin Lauren , Taylor Abbigail , Kim Alice , Bowline Isai , Connaughton Dervla M , Langefeld Carl D , Zivna Martina , Kmoch Stanislav 
Published: October 2022

Introduction Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD) is an increasingly recognized cause of chronic kidney disease. ADTKD pregnancy outcomes have not previously been described. Methods A cross-sectional survey was sent to women from ADTKD families. Results Information was obtained from 85 afffected women (164 term pregnancies) and 23 controls (50 pregnancies). Only 16.5% of genetically affected women knew they had ADTKD during pregnancy. Eighteen percent of ADTKD mothers had hypertension during pregnancy versus 12% in controls ( p  =  0.54) and >40% in comparative studies of chronic kidney disease in pregnancy. Eleven percent of births of ADTKD mothers were <37 weeks versus 0 in controls ( p < 0.0001). Cesarean section occurred in 19% of pregnancies in affected women versus 38% of unaffected individuals ( p  =  0.06). Only 12% of babies required a neonatal intensive care unit stay. Conclusions ADTKD pregnancies had lower rates of hypertension during pregnancy versus other forms of chronic kidney disease, which may have contributed to good maternal and fetal outcomes.