bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward quantitative wall shear stress measurements: a comparative study on the impact of RGB-to-hue conversion algorithms on liquid crystal diagnostics
Authors: Melekidis Stefanos , Elfner Maximilian Rolf , Bauer Hans-Jörg 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Liquid crystal diagnostics is a capable tool for determining quantitative wall shear stress distributions with high spatial resolution, which can be applied to almost any surface shape. A standard consumer camera is typically used to record the scattered light of the liquid crystals as red, green, and blue RGB data. This RGB data has to be converted to a hue-based color space in order to perform a state-of-the-art calibration procedure. Algorithms for this purpose are numerous in the literature. However, a considerable number of them show a wide range of resulting hue values due to different trigonometric relations. This renders some conversion algorithms unsuitable for calculating physical wall shear stresses, as their magnitude and distribution depend on the conversion algorithm used. For this reason, the choice of an inappropriate conversion algorithm may compromise the measurement accuracy and subsequent comparability significantly. The main objective of this paper is to give recommendations for the use of appropriate algorithms to determine physical wall shear stresses. In a first step, synthetic liquid crystal data is converted using algorithms described in the literature. The preselected algorithms are then applied to liquid crystal data from a flat plate wind tunnel experiment to illustrate their influence on the determined uncalibrated wall shear stress distribution. The final discussion serves as guidelines for the post-processing of liquid crystal data and their subsequent comparability.
2D imaging of absolute methyl concentrations in nanosecond pulsed plasma by photo-fragmentation laser-induced fluorescence
Authors: van den Bekerom Dirk , Richards Caleb , Huang Erxiong , Adamovich Igor , Frank Jonathan H 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The methyl radical plays a central role in plasma-assisted hydrocarbon chemistry but is challenging to detect due to its high reactivity and strongly pre-dissociative electronically excited states. We report the development of a photo-fragmentation laser-induced fluorescence (PF-LIF) diagnostic for quantitative 2D imaging of methyl profiles in a plasma. This technique provides temporally and spatially resolved measurements of local methyl distributions, including in near-surface regions that are important for plasma-surface interactions such as plasma-assisted catalysis. The technique relies on photo-dissociation of methyl by the fifth harmonic of a Nd:YAG laser at 212.8 nm to produce CH fragments. These photofragments are then detected with LIF imaging by exciting a transition in the B-X(0, 0) band of CH with a second laser at 390 nm. Fluorescence from the overlapping A-X(0, 0), A-X(1, 1), and B-X(0, 1) bands of CH is detected near 430 nm with the A-state populated by collisional B-A electronic energy transfer. This non-resonant detection scheme enables interrogation close to a surface. The PF-LIF diagnostic is calibrated by producing a known amount of methyl through photo-dissociation of acetone vapor in a calibration gas mixture. We demonstrate PF-LIF imaging of methyl production in methane-containing nanosecond pulsed plasmas impinging on dielectric surfaces. Absolute calibration of the diagnostic is demonstrated in a diffuse, plane-to-plane discharge. Measured profiles show a relatively uniform distribution of up to 30 ppm of methyl. Relative methyl measurements in a filamentary plane-to-plane discharge and a plasma jet reveal highly localized intense production of methyl. The utility of the PF-LIF technique is further demonstrated by combining methyl measurements with formaldehyde LIF imaging to capture spatiotemporal correlations between methyl and formaldehyde, which is an important intermediate species in plasma-assisted oxidative coupling of methane.
Direct coupling-induced pseudoparity nonconservation scattering: bipolar spin diode and unipolar spin entanglement pairing
Authors: Li Mengyao , Bu Ning , Hu Jingguo , Tao Yongchun , Fu Hao , Wang Jun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZR) is characterized by the distinct pseudoparity combined with valley-selection rule, which could feature exotic transport phenomena, especially in ZR-based superconducting spintronic devices. However, the ZR with superconductivity induced by proximity of a bulk superconductor (SC) on it still keeps original band properties. Herein, we present a superconducting heterostructure with an SC directly coupling to two ZRs, which is characteristic of pseudoparity-mixing, resulting in pseudoparity nonconservation elastic cotunneling (EC) and crossed Andreev reflection (CAR) processes. It is shown that the mixing leads to the switch effect of the EC and CAR processes manipulated by the SC length, particularly the full spin polarization. In the context of only one magnetized ZR lead, a novel bipolar spin diode behavior on a scale of small SC length and unipolar spin entanglement pairing at some large SC lengths, are both exhibited on a large scale of forward and/or reverse bias voltages. More importantly, the spin-diode can be combined with the quantum spin Hall (QSH) insulator to provide smoking gun evidence for the helical spin texture of the (QSH) insulator, which is still lacking.
Operational classical mechanics: holonomic systems
Authors: Bermúdez Manjarres A D 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We construct an operational formulation of classical mechanics without presupposing previous results from analytical mechanics. In doing so, we rediscover several results from analytical mechanics from an entirely new perspective. We start by expressing the position and velocity of point particles as the eigenvalues of self-adjoint operators acting on a suitable Hilbert space. The concept of holonomic constraint is shown to be equivalent to a restriction to a linear subspace of the free Hilbert space. The principal results we obtain are: (1) the Lagrange equations of motion are derived without the use of D’Alembert or Hamilton principles, (2) the constraining forces are obtained without the use of Lagrange multipliers, (3) the passage from a position–velocity to a position–momentum description of the movement is done without the use of a Legendre transformation, (4) the Koopman–von Neumann theory is obtained as a result of our ab initio operational approach, (5) previous work on the Schwinger action principle for classical systems is generalized to include holonomic constraints.
Defining, capturing, and validating pharmacists’ patient profile reviews in the electronic medical record
Authors: Smith Adam , Begnoche Brendan , Mellett John , Hafford Amanda , Rodis Jennifer L , Jordan Trisha A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Purpose
To describe the implementation and validation of a novel patient profile review tool in the electronic medical record (EMR) at an academic medical center.

Summary
Pharmacy leaders at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center aspired to develop a data-driven approach to clinical pharmacy services. The initial phase of this vision highlighted a need to define the clinical activities of a pharmacist and leverage use of the EMR to seamlessly capture data. A comprehensive list of clinical activities was developed and analyzed to determine which activities were currently uncaptured. Patient profile review was prioritized and determined to be variable among staff and undefined. A profile review tool was developed and implemented across the medical center while requiring minimal additional documentation through the EMR. Phase II determined what user audit trail data in the EMR were automatically recorded based on performing various levels of pharmacist-recorded profile review and validated the consistency in utilization of this tool. The information gathered as a result of this study identified interactions within the patient chart that matched profile reviews that were not captured during manual documentation. The department of pharmacy will utilize the data generated from this tool to better make decisions and build a comprehensive clinical productivity model.

Conclusion
The implementation of a pharmacist patient profile review tool built within the EMR successfully defined, stratified, validated time spent on, and captured a clinical activity.
Deciphering signatures of natural selection via deep learning
Authors: Qin Xinghu , Chiang Charleston W K , Gaggiotti Oscar E 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Identifying genomic regions influenced by natural selection provides fundamental insights into the genetic basis of local adaptation. However, it remains challenging to detect loci under complex spatially varying selection. We propose a deep learning-based framework, DeepGenomeScan, which can detect signatures of spatially varying selection. We demonstrate that DeepGenomeScan outperformed principal component analysis- and redundancy analysis-based genome scans in identifying loci underlying quantitative traits subject to complex spatial patterns of selection. Noticeably, DeepGenomeScan increases statistical power by up to 47.25% under nonlinear environmental selection patterns. We applied DeepGenomeScan to a European human genetic dataset and identified some well-known genes under selection and a substantial number of clinically important genes that were not identified by SPA, iHS, Fst and Bayenv when applied to the same dataset.
Updated review of advances in microRNAs and complex diseases: taxonomy, trends and challenges of computational models
Authors: Huang Li , Zhang Li , Chen Xing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSince the problem proposed in late 2000s, microRNA–disease association (MDA) predictions have been implemented based on the data fusion paradigm. Integrating diverse data sources gains a more comprehensive research perspective, and brings a challenge to algorithm design for generating accurate, concise and consistent representations of the fused data. After more than a decade of research progress, a relatively simple algorithm like the score function or a single computation layer may no longer be sufficient for further improving predictive performance. Advanced model design has become more frequent in recent years, particularly in the form of reasonably combing multiple algorithms, a process known as model fusion. In the current review, we present 29 state-of-the-art models and introduce the taxonomy of computational models for MDA prediction based on model fusion and non-fusion. The new taxonomy exhibits notable changes in the algorithmic architecture of models, compared with that of earlier ones in the 2017 review by Chen et al. Moreover, we discuss the progresses that have been made towards overcoming the obstacles to effective MDA prediction since 2017 and elaborated on how future models can be designed according to a set of new schemas. Lastly, we analysed the strengths and weaknesses of each model category in the proposed taxonomy and proposed future research directions from diverse perspectives for enhancing model performance.
Letter to the editor: evaluating computational tools for lncRNA identification on independent datasets
Authors: Zheng Hansi , Li Xiaoman , Hu Haiyan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The authors of the BASiNET tool claim that the survey paper ‘A systematic evaluation of computational tools for lncRNA identification’ incorrectly evaluates the BASiNET tool. Here, we point out that the survey paper correctly evaluates the BASiNET tool and why the evaluation should not be carried out as BASiNET authors suggest.
Odors associated with neonatal experiences with the dam have enhanced anxiolytic effects in rat
Authors: Mochizuki-Kawai Hiroko , Ichitani Yukio , Ayabe-Kanamura Saho , Yamada Kazuo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Odor stimuli are widely reported to promote relaxation and reduce anxiety in humans and rodents. However, it remains unclear if this anxiolytic efficacy can be further enhanced by association with positive experiences. Therefore, we compared the effects of a novel odor to a familiar odor previously paired with a positive experience on anxiety-like behaviors in rats. One group of Wistar–Imamichi female and male pups was exposed to an odor stimulus with their dams during postnatal days (PNDs) 8–12, whereas another control group was exposed to perfused air during the same period. Starting on PND 42, all animals were examined in the open field test (OFT) and elevated plus maze (EPM) test during exposure to scent-free air (vehicle), a novel odor, or the positive-familiar odor from postnatal exposure. In the EPM, female rats entered open arms with all 4 paws (complete entry) more frequently and spent more time on open arms during exposure to the positive-familiar odor than during exposure to air or a novel odor, whereas partial open arm entries with forepaws only were increased during exposure to both novel and positive-familiar odors compared to air. In contrast, male rats demonstrated no significant increase in open arm activity during positive-familiar odor exposure, but did show equally reduced grooming frequency during novel and familiar-positive odor exposure in the OFT. Exposure to positive-familiar odors may be an effective and safe method for anxiety reduction, especially in females.
Clinical Implementation of Routine Whole-genome Sequencing for Hospital Infection Control of Multi-drug Resistant Pathogens
Authors: Forde Brian M , Bergh Haakon , Cuddihy Thom , Hajkowicz Krispin , Hurst Trish , Playford E Geoffrey , Henderson Belinda C , Runnegar Naomi , Clark Julia , Jennison Amy V , Moss Susan , Hume Anna , Leroux Hugo , Beatson Scott A , Paterson David L , Harris Patrick N A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Prospective whole-genome sequencing (WGS)-based surveillance may be the optimal approach to rapidly identify transmission of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria in the healthcare setting.

Methods
We prospectively collected methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL-E), and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) isolated from blood cultures, sterile sites, or screening specimens across three large tertiary referral hospitals (2 adult, 1 paediatric) in Brisbane, Australia. WGS was used to determine in silico multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and resistance gene profiling via a bespoke genomic analysis pipeline. Putative transmission events were identified by comparison of core genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Relevant clinical meta-data were combined with genomic analyses via customised automation, collated into hospital-specific reports regularly distributed to infection control teams.

Results
Over 4 years (April 2017 to July 2021) 2660 isolates were sequenced. This included MDR gram-negative bacilli (n = 293 CPE, n = 1309 ESBL), MRSA (n = 620), and VRE (n = 433). A total of 379 clinical reports were issued. Core genome SNP data identified that 33% of isolates formed 76 distinct clusters. Of the 76 clusters, 43 were contained to the 3 target hospitals, suggesting ongoing transmission within the clinical environment. The remaining 33 clusters represented possible inter-hospital transmission events or strains circulating in the community. In 1 hospital, proven negligible transmission of non-multi-resistant MRSA enabled changes to infection control policy.

Conclusions
Implementation of routine WGS for MDR pathogens in clinical laboratories is feasible and can enable targeted infection prevention and control interventions.
Validation of an LC-MS/MS Method Using Solid-Phase Extraction for the Quantification of 1-84 Parathyroid Hormone: Toward a Candidate Reference Measurement Procedure
Authors: Farré-Segura Jordi , Le Goff Caroline , Lukas Pierre , Cobraiville Gaël , Fillet Marianne , Servais Anne-Catherine , Delanaye Pierre , Cavalier Etienne 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) measurement is important for patients with disorders of calcium metabolism, including those needing bone-turnover monitoring due to chronic kidney disease–mineral bone disorder. There are currently 2 generations of PTH immunoassays on the market, both having cross-reactivity issues and lacking standardization. Therefore, we developed an LC-MS/MS higher-order method for PTH analysis.

Methods
The method was calibrated against the international standard for 1-84 PTH (WHO 95/646). Antibody-free sample preparation with the addition of an isotope-labeled internal standard was performed by solid-phase extraction. Extracts were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. EDTA-K2 plasma was used throughout the development and validation. Bias and uncertainty sources were tested according to ISO 15193. Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines and reference measurement procedures were consulted for the design of the validation. Patient samples and external quality controls were compared between LC-MS/MS and 2 third-generation immunoassays.

Results
The method was validated for 1-84 PTH from 5.7 to 872.6 pg/mL. The interassay imprecision was between 1.2% and 3.9%, and the accuracy ranged from 96.2% to 103.2%. The measurement uncertainty was &lt;5.6%. The comparison between LC-MS/MS and the immunoassays showed a proportional bias but moderate to substantial correlation between methods.

Conclusions
This LC-MS/MS method, which is independent of antibodies, is suitable for a wide range of PTH concentrations. The obtained analytical performance specifications demonstrate that development of a reference measurement procedure will be possible once a higher order reference standard is available.
Coronary subclavian steal syndrome causing acute coronary syndrome: a case report
Authors: Carmona Adrien , Marchandot Benjamin , Sagnard Mylene , Morel Olivier 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Myocardial infarction on non-occluded coronary artery represents a very specific subset of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Coronary subclavian steal syndrome (CSSS) is defined by a left subclavian artery stenosis in case of (i) left internal mammary artery (LIMA) used to bypass left anterior descending artery (LAD) and (ii) &gt;75% stenosis of the left subclavian artery prior to the origin of the LIMA to LAD graft. Here we report the case of a CSSS causing ACS.

Case summary
A 71-year-old man with history of LIMA to LAD coronary artery bypass surgery was admitted to the nephrology intensive care unit for acute kidney injury requiring dialysis. Due to rapid deterioration, altered left ventricular ejection fraction and elevated c-troponin levels, an urgent coronary angiography was performed. It revealed a subtotal occlusion of the left subclavian artery prior to the origin of the LIMA to LAD graft. This was responsible for a severely altered coronary flow in the LIMA and LAD. Revascularization of the proximal left subclavian artery with a stent was performed, enabling instant recovery of distal coronary flows.

Discussion
ACS due to CSSS in this report highlights the complexity of the cardio–renal interaction. Patients with coronary artery bypass graft and chronic kidney disease commonly exhibit a higher risk for severe progression of atherosclerosis at multiple sites. CSSS treatments include secondary prevention measures and revascularization (if indicated) such as an endovascular approach.
Randomized evaluation of redo ablation procedures of atrial fibrillation with focal impulse and rotor modulation-guided procedures: the REDO-FIRM study
Authors: Spitzer Stefan G , Miller John M , Sommer Philipp , Szili-Torok Tamas , Reddy Vivek Y , Nölker Georg , Williams Chris , Sarver Anne , Wilber David J 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsREDO-FIRM evaluated safety and effectiveness of conventional vs. focal impulse and rotor modulation (FIRM)-guided ablation of recurrent persistent or paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) after an initial AF ablation procedure.Methods and resultsThis prospective, multicentre, randomized study included patients with a single prior AF ablation, but with recurrent AF and reconnected pulmonary veins (PVs). Conventional ablation generally included PV re-isolation; however, additional ablation was permitted per physician discretion. In the FIRM arm, beyond PV re-isolation, basket catheter-based FIRM mapping created dynamic animations of putative rotors, which were targeted for ablation. Between May 2016 and July 2019, 269 subjects were randomized, with 243 subjects completing 12-month follow-up. Ablation beyond re-pulmonary vein isolation, the FIRM vs. Conventional arms did not differ significantly: cavo-tricuspid isthmus –9.0% vs. 15.3%, caval vein isolation –1.5% vs. 0.8%, non-PV trigger –2.2% vs. 3.8%, other –11.9% vs. 13.0%. Single procedure 12-month freedom from AF/atrial tachycardia/atrial flutter-recurrence was 63.3% (76/120) vs. 59.0% (72/122) in the FIRM and Conventional arms (P = 0.3503). Efficacy was similar in the paroxysmal and persistent AF subgroups (P = 0.22 and P = 0.48). The 10-day and 12-month safety endpoints were achieved in 93.3% vs. 93.8% (P = 0.89) and 88.4% vs. 93.4% (P = 0.22) in the FIRM and Conventional arms, respectively.ConclusionsIn REDO-FIRM, as compared to standard ablation, FIRM-guided ablation did not provide additional efficacy in redo ablation procedures, but FIRM-guided ablation was equally safe. Additional studies are necessary to identify any potential population able to benefit from FIRM-guided ablation.
Comparison analysis of the ETAS model with Gutenberg–Richter (GR), Tapered-GR and characteristic magnitude distributions
Authors: Spassiani I , Yaghmaei-Sabegh S , Console R , Falcone G , Murru M 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARY
In this paper, we carry out a comparison analysis of the Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model for the earthquake process, embedded with the three main exponential-type distributions adopted in practical applications to describe the magnitudes of seismic events, that are, the Gutenberg–Richter (GR), the tapered Gutenberg–Richter (TGR) and the CHaracteristic (CH) frequency–magnitude distributions (FMDs). The first law is a pure-power decreasing function, while both the other two introduce a more rapid decay in the tail of the distribution: a soft taper in the TGR model and a sharp cut-off in the CH one. To perform the comparison, we first investigate some theoretical features of the ETAS model with CH-distributed magnitudes (ETAS-CH), which have not been deeply analysed in the literature as much as for ETAS-TGR and ETAS-GR. In particular, we explicitly compute the branching ratio, we analyse its asymptotics in relation to its parameters, and we derive the proper stability conditions. We then move to the comparison among the three ETAS-GR, ETAS-TGR and ETAS-CH processes, to highlight differences and similarities. This is done by carrying out both a theoretical analysis, mainly focused on the three models’ branching ratios and the relative sensitivity, and a simulation analysis of realistic synthetic catalogues to compare the processes’ numbers, events’ magnitude distribution and temporal evolution. The results we obtained show that the ETAS-TGR and ETAS-CH processes have very similar features. They both have also less restrictive non-explosion conditions than for ETAS-GR; in fact, differently from this latter case, their branching ratios exist for any value of the parameters and are lower than the one of ETAS-GR, to which they converge for large magnitudes.