bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Major Shell Protein of 1,2‐Propanediol Utilization Microcompartment Conserves the Activity of Its Signature Enzyme at Higher Temperatures
Authors: Kumar Gaurav , Bari Naimat K. , Hazra Jagadish P. , Sinha Sharmistha 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA classic example of an all‐protein natural nano‐bioreactor, the bacterial microcompartment is a prokaryotic organelle that confines enzymes in a small volume enveloped by an outer protein shell. These protein compartments metabolize specific organic molecules, allowing bacteria to survive in restricted nutrient environments. In this work, 1,2‐propanediol utilization microcompartment (PduMCP) was used as a model to study the effect of molecular confinement on the stability and catalytic activity of native enzymes in the microcompartment. A combination of enzyme assays, spectroscopic techniques, binding assays, and computational analysis were used to evaluate the impact of the major shell protein PduBB′ on the stability and activity of PduMCP′s signature enzyme, dioldehydratase PduCDE. While free PduCDE shows ∼45 % reduction in its optimum activity (activity at 37 °C) when exposed to a temperature of 45 °C, it retains similar activity up to 50 °C when encapsulated within PduMCP. PduBB′, a major component of the outer shell of PduMCP, preserves the catalytic efficiency of PduCDE under thermal stress and prevents temperature‐induced unfolding and aggregation of PduCDE in vitro. We observed that while both PduB and PduB′ interact with the enzyme with micromolar affinity, only the PduBB′ combination influences its activity and stability, highlighting the importance of the unique PduBB′ combination in the functioning of PduMCP.
Successful coil embolization with distal radial access for a ruptured radial artery pseudoaneurysm in a patient with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Washimi Soichiro , Yamada Takeshi , Takahashi Akihiko 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA 50‐year‐old man with a medical history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension was admitted to a university hospital for severe respiratory insufficiency caused by SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. His arterial blood pressure and blood oxygen levels were monitored through a plastic cannula inserted in the radial artery in the intensive care unit. After recovery from respiratory insufficiency, the patient was moved to a local hospital where hematoma formation and skin necrosis at the puncture site were noted. On the 25th day from the initial admission, the patient developed massive bleeding from the wound on the hematoma and was transferred to our hospital on emergency. A 6‐Fr sheath introducer was inserted through the right distal radial artery in the anatomical snuff box, and instant hemostasis was accomplished without external compression. Thereafter, percutaneous thrombin injection for the pseudoaneurysm was conducted under ultrasound guidance. However, bleeding from the pseudoaneurysm was still observed after radial sheath withdrawal. We then performed coil embolization of the radial artery, which involved a coil proximal to the aneurysm, four coils in the neck of the aneurysm, and two coils distal to the aneurysm. Permanent hemostasis was achieved with no further vascular complications.
Demulsifier: An Important Agent in Breaking Crude Oil Emulsions
Authors: Alara Oluwaseun Ruth , Abdurahman Nour Hamid , Tade Moses Oludayo , Ali Hassan Alsaggaf , Alao Kehinde Temitope 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEffectively breaking an emulsion is very important in the petroleum industry since the produced crude oil is accompanied by water, which is linked to emulsions and can cause various environmental issues. To resolve these issues, surfactants are combined with crude oil to achieve a stable emulsion. In turn, failure to effectively break the crude oil emulsion can later have both commercial and technical impacts on this industry, mostly in the transportation, refining, and treatment facilities. This review considers some past and current studies on crude oil, the formation and stability of emulsions, the demulsification process and its mechanisms, techniques used to break crude oil emulsions, and formulations of demulsifiers. It demonstrates that combinations of one or more separation modes and demulsification modeling can improve the efficiency of breaking crude oil emulsions.
Two‐Dimensional Ag−Fe−N/C Nanosheets as Efficient Cathode Catalyst to Improve Power‐Generation Performance of Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Lai Bi‐Lin , Xiao Zhi‐Hui , Jiang Peng‐Yang , Xie Yong , Li Nan , Liu Zhao‐Qing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMicrobial fuel cells (MFC) are expected to alleviate the energy crisis and environmental pollution. However, both the slow oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics and the formation of biofilm on the cathode prevent the efficient operation of MFC. Herein, zeolitic imidazole framework (ZIF)‐derived Ag−Fe−N/C catalysts with good electrocatalytic activity are developed by a synthetic strategy of chemisorption, calcination, and photo‐deposition. The optimal Ag−Fe−N/C‐2 has a half‐wave potential (E1/2) of 0.87 V vs. RHE in 0.1 M KOH. The MFC assembled as a cathode exhibits excellent power generation with a maximum power density of 523±7 mW m−2 and long‐term stability, which is better than commercial Pt/C. In addition, the Ag−Fe−N/C‐2 catalyst has the antibacterial ability, which affects the microbial community structure on the cathode biofilm. The results indicate that Ag−Fe−N/C as a bifunctional cathode catalyst with excellent electrocatalytic and antibacterial activity is beneficial to the efficient and long‐term stable operation of MFC.
Fe3O4 Templated Pyrolyzed Fe−N−C Catalysts. Understanding the role of N‐Functions and Fe3C on the ORR Activity and Mechanism
Authors: Venegas Ricardo , Zúñiga César , Zagal José H. , Toro‐Labbé Alejandro , Marco José F. , Menéndez Nieves , Muñoz‐Becerra Karina , Recio Francisco J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPyrolyzed non‐precious metal catalysts have been proposed as an alternative to substitute the expensive and scarce noble metal catalysts in several conversion energy reactions. For the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), the pyrolyzed catalyst M−N−C (M: Fe or Co) presents remarkable catalytic activity in acid and alkaline media. These pyrolyzed materials show a high heterogeneity of active sites being the most active in the MNx moieties. The activity and stability of these catalysts are also conditioned by other structural parameters such as the area, the N‐doping, and by the presence of metal particles. In this study, we explore the use of Fe3O4 nanoparticles as templates and as iron sources to synthesize Fe−N−C. The best performance for the ORR in acidic media was reached with the catalysts using nanoparticles covered by PANI and iron salts as the precursor, with an onset potential of 0.85 vs. RHE and a direct 4‐electrons mechanism. We corroborated the use of the catalysts’ redox potential as reactivity descriptors and discussed the detrimental role of the presence of Fe3C metallic particles in the mechanism. Based on the experimental results, we performed DFT calculations to explore the influence of N‐doped species on the electronic density of the iron centers of FeN4 active sites, and we propose a theoretical model for increasing the activity based on the distance and ratio of N‐doping to iron center.
Strong Antibiotic Activity of the Myxocoumarin Scaffold in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Hertrampf Gesa , Kusserow Kalina , Vojnovic Sandra , Pavic Aleksandar , Müller Jonas I. , Nikodinovic‐Runic Jasmina , Gulder Tobias A. M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe increasing emergence of resistances against established antibiotics is a substantial threat to human health. The discovery of new compounds with potent antibiotic activity is thus of utmost importance. Within this work, we identify strong antibiotic activity of the natural product myxocoumarin B from Stigmatella aurantiaca MYX‐030 against a range of clinically relevant bacterial pathogens, including clinical isolates of MRSA. A focused library of structural analogs was synthesized to explore initial structure‐activity relationships and to identify equipotent myxocoumarin derivatives devoid of the natural nitro substituent to significantly streamline synthetic access. The cytotoxicity of the myxocoumarins as well as their potential to cure bacterial infections in vivo was established using a zebrafish model system. Our results reveal the exceptional antibiotic activity of the myxocoumarin scaffold and hence its potential for the development of novel antibiotics.
Upconversion Emission in Tm/Er/Yb Co‐Doped Yttria Stabilized Zirconia Single Crystals
Authors: Pan Yihua , Xu Shoulei , Li Siyao , Wang Daini , Yang Yuhua , Wu Wenxia , Goodman Bernard A. , Ta Shengdi , Deng Wen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBlue, green, and red emissions through upconversion and energy transfer processes are investigated as a function of the Tm3+ concentration in Tm/Er/Yb triply doped yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) crystals upon excitation at 980 nm. YSZ doped with 0.075–0.250 mol% Tm2O3, 1.50 mol% Er2O3, and 2.00 mol% Yb2O3 are prepared by the optical floating zone method, and confirmed to be in the cubic phase by X‐ray diffraction. The blue emission corresponds to the Tm3+ 1G4→3H6 transition, and is produced through a three‐photon process, whereas the green and red light are emitted through two‐photon processes from the Er3+ 2H11/2→4I15/2 and 4S3/2→4I15/2 transitions for green and the Er3+ 4F9/2→4I15/2 transition for red. However, interactions between the different lanthanide ions is a factor in determining the overall color of these triply doped crystals, and this is not simply a summation of the results from the singly doped systems, so this mechanism of energy transfer is discussed in detail. The CIE color chromaticity coordinates for the present samples under excitation at 980 nm approach (0.39, 0.55), which is in the yellow‐green region.
Direct fabrication of SU‐8 microchannel across an embedded chip for potentiometric bilayer lipid membrane sensor
Authors: Wakebe Hiromichi , Fukushima Takafumi , Tanaka Tetsu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMembrane proteins play a critically important role, especially in molecular and cellular transport processes, which makes them the most prevalent drug targets and also to be a good sensing element for biosensing applications. However, the skill‐dependent and manual fashion to form bilayer lipid membranes (BLMs) has limited their use for application purposes. Here, we introduce a fabrication technique of SU‐8 microchannel suitable for microfluidic‐based BLM formation and show a preliminary step of our ISFET‐based BLM sensor. Making notches on the corners of a rectangular through‐wafer hole etched in a silicon carrier substrate reduced the gap width between an embedded chip and the carrier as close as possible, leading to the gap depth of 4 μm. SU‐8 microchannel on the chip‐carrier assembly was directly fabricated by UV exposure through a bonded quartz lid and developing SU‐8 through the fluidic ports drilled in the lid, without needing a sealing process typically causes an alignment mismatch or void formation. Finally, the capability to form BLMs was tested and proven by the successfully encapsulated fluorescent dye in microwells fabricated on the embedded chip. This paper is the first report of the successful formation of BLMs on a chip‐in‐carrier assembly by the microfluidic method.
Change in fire frequency drives a shift in species composition in native Eucalyptus regnans forests: Implications for overstorey forest structure and transpiration
Authors: Lakmali Shyanika , Benyon Richard G. , Sheridan Gary J. , Lane Patrick N. J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe world's most iconic forests are under threat from climate change. Climate‐fire‐vegetation feedback mechanisms are altering the usual successional trajectories of forests. Many obligate seeder forests across the globe are experiencing regeneration failures and subsequent alterations to their recovery trajectories. For example, the persistence of Eucalyptus regnans F. Muell. forests in southeast Australia is highly vulnerable to the effects of climate‐driven increases in wildfire frequency. Shortening of the wildfire return interval from >100 years to < 20 years would inhibit or entirely stop regeneration of E. regnans, leading to replacement with understorey species such as Acacia dealbata Link. In this study, it is hypothesised that following such replacement, forest overstorey structure and transpiration will diverge. An experiment was designed to test this hypothesis by measuring and comparing overstorey transpiration and structural properties, including sapwood area and leaf area, between E. regnans and A. dealbata over a chronosequence (10‐, 20‐, 35‐ and 75‐/80‐year‐old forests). We found that overstorey structure significantly diverged between the two forest types throughout the life cycle of A. dealbata after age 20. The study revealed strikingly different temporal patterns of water use, indicating a highly significant eco‐hydrologic change as a result of this species replacement. Overall, the results provide a strong indication that after age 20, overstorey transpiration in Acacia‐dominated forests is substantially lower than in the E. regnans forests they replace. This difference may lead to divergence in water yield from forested catchments where this species replacement is widespread.
The response to cardiac resynchronization therapy in LMNA cardiomyopathy
Authors: Sidhu Kiran , Castrini Anna Isotta , Parikh Victoria , Reza Nosheen , Owens Anjali , Tremblay‐Gravel Maxime , Wheeler Matthew T. , Mestroni Luisa , Taylor Matthew , Graw Sharon , Gigli Marta , Merlo Marco , Paldino Alessia , Sinagra Gianfranco , Judge Daniel P. , Ramos Hannia , Mesubi Olurotimi , Brown Emily , Turnbull Samual , Kumar Saurabh , Roy Darius , Tedrow Usha B. , Ngo Long , Haugaa Kristina , Lakdawala Neal K. 
Published: March 2022

AimsCardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) therapy is fundamental to the management of LMNA cardiomyopathy due to the high frequency of atrioventricular block and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. We aimed to define the role of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in impacting heart failure in LMNA cardiomyopathy.Methods and resultsFrom nine referral centres, LMNA cardiomyopathy patients who underwent CRT with available pre‐ and post‐echocardiograms were identified retrospectively. Factors associated with CRT response were identified (defined as improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] ≥5% 6 months post‐implant) and the associated impact on the primary outcome of death, implantation of a left ventricular assist device or cardiac transplantation was assessed. We identified 105 patients (mean age 51 ± 10 years) undergoing CRT, including 70 (67%) who underwent CRT as a CIED upgrade. The mean change in LVEF ∼6 months post‐CRT was +4 ± 9%. A CRT response occurred in 40 (38%) patients and was associated with lower baseline LVEF or a high percentage of right ventricular pacing prior to CRT in patients with pre‐existing CIED. In patients with a European Society of Cardiology class I guideline indication for CRT, response rates were 61%. A CRT response was evident at thresholds of LVEF ≤45% or percent pacing ≥50%. There was a 1.3 year estimated median difference in event‐free survival in those who responded to CRT (p = 0.04).ConclusionSystolic function improves in patients with LMNA cardiomyopathy who undergo CRT, especially with strong guideline indications for implantation. Post‐CRT improvements in LVEF are associated with survival benefits in this population with otherwise limited options.
Synthesis of Disilanes, Dihydrosiloles, and 1,4‐Disilacyclohexa‐2,5‐dienes by Transition‐Metal‐Free Transfer of Diphenylsilylene and Dimethylsilylene from Silylboronic Esters
Authors: Sasaki Ikuo , Maebashi Asahi , Li Jiaying , Ohmura Toshimichi , Suginome Michinori 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe found that the transfer of diphenylsilylene (Ph2Si:) from Ph2(Et2N)Si−B(pin) (1 a) takes place in toluene or p‐xylene at 110–135 °C under transition‐metal‐free conditions. The reaction of alkoxysilanes with 1 a affords alkoxydisilanes through the insertion of diphenylsilylene into the Si−O bond. Dihydrosiloles and a 1,4‐disilacyclohexa‐2,5‐diene are synthesized by the reaction of 1 a with 1,3‐dienes and an alkyne, respectively, through cycloaddition of the carbon‐carbon unsaturated bonds with diphenylsilylene. Me2(Et2N)Si−B(pin) (10) is applicable to the transition‐metal‐free transfer of dimethylsilylene (Me2Si:).
Copper‐Mediated Synthesis of (E)‐β‐Aminoacrylonitriles from 1,2,3‐Triazine and Secondary Amines
Authors: Ou Yang Cheng‐Hsin , Liu Wan‐Hsuan , Yang Sheng , Chiang Yao‐Yu , Shie Jiun‐Jie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe describe a simple protocol for the synthesis of (E)‐β‐aminoacrylonitriles via Cu(OAc)2‐mediated nucleophilic addition of secondary amines to 1,2,3‐triazine 1 and an aerobic oxidation reaction. The reactions, which were studied with a broad substrate scope, are effective with cyclic, heterocyclic, aliphatic, allylic, and benzylic amines as well as l‐proline derivatives. The reactions use catalytic Cu(OAc)2 to promote 1,2,3‐triazine addition with various secondary amines, followed by in situ loss of nitrogen and subsequent imine oxidation to generate the corresponding (E)‐β‐aminoacrylonitriles in good yields with excellent stereoselectivities. These copper(II)‐mediated aerobic oxidation reactions proceed under mild reaction conditions by oxidation of the Cu(II) species using molecular oxygen to complete the cycle without the participation of ligand, base or chemical oxidant additives.
bletl ‐ A Python package for integrating BioLector microcultivation devices in the Design‐Build‐Test‐Learn cycle
Authors: Osthege Michael , Tenhaef Niklas , Zyla Rebecca , Müller Carolin , Hemmerich Johannes , Wiechert Wolfgang , Noack Stephan , Oldiges Marco 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMicrobioreactor (MBR) devices have emerged as powerful cultivation tools for tasks of microbial phenotyping and bioprocess characterization and provide a wealth of online process data in a highly parallelized manner. Such datasets are difficult to interpret in short time by manual workflows. In this study, we present the Python package bletl and show how it enables robust data analyses and the application of machine learning techniques without tedious data parsing and preprocessing. bletl reads raw result files from BioLector I, II and Pro devices to make all the contained information available to Python‐based data analysis workflows. Together with standard tooling from the Python scientific computing ecosystem, interactive visualizations and spline‐based derivative calculations can be performed. Additionally, we present a new method for unbiased quantification of time‐variable specific growth rate based on unsupervised switchpoint detection with Student‐t distributed random walks. With an adequate calibration model, this method enables practitioners to quantify time‐variable growth rate with Bayesian uncertainty quantification and automatically detect switch‐points that indicate relevant metabolic changes. Finally, we show how time series feature extraction enables the application of machine learning methods to MBR data, resulting in unsupervised phenotype characterization. As an example, Neighbor Embedding (t‐SNE) is performed to visualize datasets comprising a variety of growth/DO/pH phenotypes.
Cognitive flexibility and attention to detail in adolescents and adults with severe forms of anorexia nervosa
Authors: Berthoz Sylvie , Maria Anne‐Solène , Ringuenet Damien , Bourdier Léna , Nicolas Isabelle , Blanchet Corinne , Foulon Christine , Lavoisy Guillaume , Godart Nathalie , Barry Caroline 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine if adolescents and adults diagnosed with anorexia nervosa differ in their levels of cognitive flexibility and attention to detail independently of potential confounds.MethodSixty‐two adolescents and 54 adults were assessed while receiving inpatient treatment and completed the following self‐reports: Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire, Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale. Performance‐based evaluations included the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Computerised Version, the Comprehensive Trail Making Test, the Brixton Spatial Anticipation Test, the Rey Complex Figure and the Group Embedded Figures Test.ResultsComparisons of the adolescents and adults with anorexia nervosa revealed no significant differences for any of the neuropsychological test scores even after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Neither cognitive flexibility nor attention to detail were associated with level of eating disorder symptomatology, depression, anxiety or obsessive‐compulsive symptomatology. Unlike age, illness duration was found weakly associated with perseverative errors Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and with the central coherence index of the Rey Complex Figure recall condition.ConclusionsSet‐shifting and central coherence performance were independent of age, clinical symptoms severity and emotional status. Additional studies on the relationship between the duration of anorexia nervosa and neuropsychological difficulties are needed.
Waiting to get a pension: The impact of pension eligibility on psychological distress
Authors: Atalay Kadir , Staneva Anita 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we examine how pension eligibility affects the psychological distress levels of older women in Australia by exploiting the exogenous changes in the eligibility ages of the old Age Pension (AP). The unique features of the Australian AP allow us to study the impact of the reform on the non‐working, as well as on the working population. The empirical results show that pension eligibility has a modest but consistently beneficial effect on psychological stress levels. Reaching pension eligibility significantly reduces the stress levels of women who were out of the labor force, indicating the positive role of the AP for disadvantaged groups. At the same time, women with strenuous jobs experience a significant improvement in their stress levels when they transit into retirement. We show that an improvement in stress levels accompanies an increase in financial security and improvements in social participation and health behaviors. Our results highlight the potentially overlooked consequences of pension reforms for the well‐being of vulnerable populations and for health inequalities across socio‐economic groups.