bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does renaming improve public attitudes toward vocational education and training in higher education? Evidence from a survey experiment
Authors: Lee Siu-Yau , Lee John Chi-Kin , Lam Bess Yin-Hung 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to offer direct tests of the effectiveness of renaming vocational education and training (VET) in enhancing the image and popularity of the subject. Although many proponents of renaming argue that the word “vocational” is associated with lower levels of skills and knowledge and should therefore be supplemented by better recognised words, empirical evidence regarding the effectiveness of this strategy is scant.Design/methodology/approachThis study exploits a rare policy change in Hong Kong, where VET was renamed as vocational and professional education and training (VPET) and conducted an original survey experiment of 1,004 parents in the city to test if the new name would improve respondents' perceptions of the subject.FindingsThe findings reveal a complex picture regarding the effects of renaming. Although renaming does not seem to improve the overall popularity of vocational education, it may widen the support base for vocational education by diluting its class character. Specifically, while attitudes toward VET are significantly and negatively correlated with family income, no such association is found in regard to VPET.Originality/valueThis paper offers the first direct and comprehensive test of the effectiveness of renaming vocational education – a popular policy suggestion in many countries. Its findings complicate conventional expectations and contribute to the study of educational preferences in advanced economies.
Employment effect of large-scale agricultural investment on women empowerment in Gambella Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Guyalo Amanuel Kussia , Alemu Esubalew Abate , Degaga Degefa Tolossa 
Published: January 2022

PurposeDespite intense debates about the outcomes of large-scale agricultural investment in developing countries, gender issues and employment effects of such investment on women empowerment are very thin in the literature. The main purpose of this article is, therefore, to examine the effect of women's access to income-earning jobs on their empowerment.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used a quasi-experimental research design and a mixed research approach. The authors collected primary data from 65 employed and 85 unemployed women and ten key informants. Principal component analysis (PCA) and propensity score matching (PSM) techniques were used to construct indexes and assess employment effect.FindingsThe article finds that consistent with the argument of the resource in culture theory, women's employment in large-scale commercial farms does not have an effect on their empowerment level.Practical implicationsThe result implies that the government should strengthen gender sensitization programs and facilitate the formation of well-organized and profitable alternative income generating activities for women in such ways that improve their empowerment.Originality/valueThis article assesses the effect of women employment on their empowerment and contributes to filling gaps in the empirical and theoretical literature. It could also contribute to academic and policy debates in the area of large-scale commercial farming based on the actual evidence.
Vulnerable employment and economic growth
Authors: Yerrabati Sridevi 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThe reality with many developing countries is that the countries have failed to create enough jobs for the poor and vulnerable. Under such circumstances, vulnerable employment plays a critical role in providing earning opportunities to people who are unemployed and determining the economic and social progress of such economies. The study aims to examine the possible non-linear relationship between vulnerable employment and growth in light of this background.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed five-yearly averaged data of 73 developing countries for the period 2000–2019. The empirical analysis is performed using the dynamic panel data analysis and the two-step system generalised method of moments (GMM) approach. The estimations are run separately for male, female and total vulnerable employment. The threshold levels are obtained using Sasabuchi (1980) and Lind and Mehlum (2010) (SLM) test. Several sensitivity checks are performed to validate the results.FindingThe findings of the study suggest a non-linear U-shaped relationship between vulnerable employment and growth. Thus, a positive association between vulnerable employment and growth is witnessed at higher levels of vulnerable employment. At lower levels, the relationship is negative. Threshold levels for male, female and total vulnerable employment are 46.80%, 49.29 and 50.94%, respectively. Therefore, vulnerable employment beyond the threshold levels is found to be positively associated with growth.Practical implicationsCountries below the threshold level of vulnerable employment should understand why these workers are not able to contribute to the growth despite working so hard. If any socio-economic barriers hinder their contribution towards growth, such barriers require greater policy attention. Countries with vulnerable employment levels above the threshold level should recognise the contributions of these workers towards the growth and actively support them in increasing their economic contribution. In either case, given the precarious circumstances under which these workers work and the pittance earnings, policy interventions aimed at ensuring decent working conditions and better earnings for these workers are encouraged.Originality/valueThe current study is the first one to examine the relationship between vulnerable employment and growth to the best of the author's knowledge. As such, it makes novel contributions to the literature on development policy.
Give me your rested, your wealthy, your educated few? A critical discussion of the current literature on immigrant self-employment
Authors: Bedi Joshua K. , Jia Shaomeng 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThe finding that immigrants are more likely to self-employ than natives has been consistently shown by different researchers. At the same time, many call for the prioritization of high-skilled immigration as they believe low-skilled entrepreneurs are not particularly innovative or high-growth-oriented. The purpose of this study is to critically review and synthesize the current literature on immigrant self-employment, paying particular attention to low-skilled immigrant entrepreneurship and the popular policy recommendation that high-skilled immigrants should be prioritized.Design/methodology/approachThe authors survey the existing literature on immigrant self-employment and discuss recurring data issues, how those issues have or have not been addressed, as well as how these data issues impact the validity of policy recommendations that favor high-skilled immigrants and disfavor low-skilled immigrants. In particular, the authors examine how length of stay in the host country and host country institutions impact immigrant self-employment, especially low-skilled immigrant self-employment. The authors also point out unintended consequences of low-skilled immigration.FindingsThe authors find data issues significantly impact the potential justifications behind calls to favor high-skilled immigrants. In particular, many researchers underestimate the positive impacts of low-skilled immigrant self-employment by not accounting for institutions and length of stay in the host country. The authors conclude with policy recommendations that prioritize high-skilled immigration should be re-examined in light of recurring omitted variable biases within previous studies and evidence of a number of positive unintended consequences associated with low-skilled migration.Originality/valueThe authors review current literature and discuss how important confounding variables, like the number of years an immigrant entrepreneur has lived in a host country and the institutions of a host country, make common policy recommendations suggesting prioritization of high-skilled immigration problematic. The authors also discuss potential solutions to these data issues, ways these issues have been solved already, and possible ways forward. Finally, after considering the literature, the authors offer our own set of policy recommendations.
Non-family employee strategic renewal in family firms: the transformational leadership role of family board members and psychological ownership
Authors: Luu Tien Dung 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThe study aims to reveal the strategic renewal (SR) of non-family employees in family small and medium enterprises (SMEs) with the effects of transformational board member leadership and psychological ownership (PO) dimensions.Design/methodology/approachNon-family employees at 82 export and import family firms (FFs) in Vietnam were selected for the study, which used a partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach.FindingsFamily board members with transformational leadership (TL) qualities and PO play an essential role in developing non-family employee SR.Originality/valueThe authors grant advanced family roles and relationships knowledge to the renewal and transformation of FFs' strategies and organisational structures.
Predicting African trade considering uncertainty by scenario planning
Authors: Shibasaki Ryuichi , Abe Masahiro , Sato Wataru , Otani Naoki , Nakagawa Atsushi , Onodera Hitoshi 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThis study predicts the growth of Africa's international trade from 2011 to 2040 by accounting for the uncertainties in the continent.Design/methodology/approachThis study applies a scenario planning method (SPM) to develop multiple future scenarios considering uncertainties inherent in African socio-economies related to the success or failure of economic and industrial policies (EIPs) and economic corridor development policies (ECDPs). Subsequently, based on these future scenarios, the growth of African international trade from 2011 to 2040 is predicted using the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model.FindingsThe predictions reveal that if the EIPs and the ECDPs are successfully implemented, Africa, as a whole, will experience a significant increase in trade, estimated at US$ 1,905 billion and US$ 1,599 billion for exports and imports, respectively, compared to the scenario in which they fail. However, the effects vary greatly by country or region and industrial sector. The results also show that African intra-regional trade is rapidly expanding and is the second-largest after trade with Europe followed by other continents.Originality/valueSPM, which allows us to reflect the uncertainties affecting African international trade prediction, is applied to build the future scenarios. The study comprehensively predicts African future international trade by setting a wide range of exogenous variables and parameters (input conditions for the GTAP model) related to EIPs and ECDPs.
Exploring the use of machine learning for the assessment of skeletal fracture morphology and differentiation between impact mechanisms: A pilot study
Authors: Dempsey Nicholas , Bassed Richard , Amarasiri Rasika , Blau Soren 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAnalyzing and interpreting traumatic injuries is a fundamental aspect of routine forensic case work. As the human skeleton can be impacted through a combination of loading mechanisms and varying impact energies, the analysis and interpretation of skeletal trauma can be complex. Therefore, it is imperative that the reliability of techniques used for analysis are well‐established. There is growing interest in machine learning (ML) in medicine (especially radiology) regarding the use of image classification (a subset of ML) to categorize and predict classes of medical images. Therefore, the feasibility of using image classification for skeletal trauma analysis should be explored for its benefits to forensic pathology and anthropology. The method explored in this paper examined the potential for machine learning, using three dimensional (3D) convolutional neural networks (CNNs), to assess whether morphological features of skeletal trauma to the femur can be used to differentiate between impact mechanisms within a forensic population. The objective of this study was to assess if morphological differences in femoral fractures seen in post‐mortem‐computed tomographic images (PMCT) could be categorized according to mechanism, specifically horizontal impacts resulting from pedestrian motor vehicle impacts (PMVIs) and vertical impact s resulting from high impact falls. Final model results indicated an accuracy between 69.95%–72.86% and 63.08%–66.24% validation. Although these results mean the method could not be practically used in its current form, as a proof of concept, there is potential for it to be developed as a tool to assist in classifying complex fracture states.
When pain is not the whole story: Presenting symptoms of women with endometriosis
Authors: Gordon Hannah G. , Mooney Samantha S. , Conroy Isabelle C. , Grover Sonia R. 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundEndometriosis affects one in nine Australian women of reproductive age, and is often associated with pain and infertility. However, many women may be asymptomatic, or present with alternative symptoms.AimTo identify reasons for initial specialist referral among patients with endometriosis.Material and MethodsPatients were identified as having endometriosis intraoperatively based on International Classification of Diseases coding. Operation reports were reviewed and graded for severity of disease. This cohort was then retrospectively audited to identify reasons for initial referral to the general gynaecology, endosurgery, gynae‐oncology, reproductive medicine outpatient departments (OPD) at the Mercy Hospital for Women in Melbourne between 1 February 2015 and 31 December 2016.ResultsThree hundred patients were identified as having endometriosis at laparoscopy, including 90 women with Stage IV disease. Patients were a mean (SD) age of 33.1 (7.6) years. While pain remained a common reason for referral (61.7% of referrals), 36.7% of women with Grade IV disease did not have pain included in their referral letter. Severe disease was associated with increased age (regression coefficient 0.05; 95% CI: 0.03–0.07, P < 0.01), but not with pain symptoms. Women referred with ovarian cysts or masses were more likely to be diagnosed with severe disease (regression coefficient 0.69; 95% CI: 0.37–1.01, P < 0.01).ConclusionAlthough pelvic pain is not a good predictor for a diagnosis of endometriosis, it remains a common symptom among women with the disease. However, more than one in three patients with Grade IV endometriosis presented without mention of pain symptoms, encouraging clinicians to adopt a broader approach to the presenting symptoms of endometriosis.
Hand grip strength in patients with LVADs: A scoping review
Authors: Polastri Massimiliano , Boschi Silvia , Tchantchaleishvili Vakhtang , Loforte Antonio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeHand grip strength (HGS) is a simple test to evaluate the upper limb strength function in patients with different diseases. The purpose of this review was to investigate HGS in patients who have been implanted with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) or waiting for implantation. The objectives were: (1) defining if HGS can predict rehabilitative outcomes such as the walked distance at the 6‐minute walking test, and (2) identifying specific HGS cut‐off values.MethodsWe searched eight primary databases for English‐language studies published from their inception until April 2021. We excluded editorials, letters to the editor, and studies that did not describe HGS assessment procedures.ResultsA total of 30 articles were identified. We ultimately included 5 publications, and 217 patients constituted the cohort of the present study. In three studies, HGS was evaluated before implantation. Two studies were conducted during the postoperative course, and HGS measurements were taken before and after rehabilitation. In two studies, HGS has correlated with a significant increase of the 6‐MWT passing from 300.1 to 404.8 m and 56.6 to 83.8 m, respectively. HGS in patients with LVADs ranges between (1) ca.18 and ca.33 Kg at the preoperative stage, (2) ca.24 and >40 Kg postoperatively, and (3) ca.33 and >36 Kg after having attended a postoperative rehabilitation program.ConclusionHGS appears to be a simple and reliable measure to correlate rehabilitative outcomes, such as the 6‐MWT, in patients receiving or awaiting LVADs.
Letter: combination of common and novel rare NUDT15 variants should also be considered
Authors: Wu Ruiqi , Fan Xiaoli , Yang Li , Luo Xuefeng 
Published: January 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Chao et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16600 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16756
Editorial: targeting aberrant hepatic inflammation for treatment of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Muthiah Mark D. , Siddiqui Mohammad S. 
Published: January 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Safadi et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16664 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16762
Editorial: time to eat? Skipping breakfast in metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease
Authors: Wilechansky Robert M. , Simon Tracey G. 
Published: January 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Xie et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16727 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16773
Editorial: targeting aberrant hepatic inflammation for treatment of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis—authors' reply
Authors: Safadi Rifaat , Braun Marius , Francis Adi , Milgrom Yael , Massarwa Muhammad , Hakimian David , Hazou Wadi , Issachar Assaf , Harpaz Zivit , Farbstein Motti , Itzhak Inbal , Lev‐Cohain Naama , Bareket‐Samish Avital , Silverman Michael H. , Fishman Pnina 
Published: January 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Safadi et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16664 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16748
Letter: treatment with subcutaneous CT‐P13 in Crohn’s disease patients with intravenous infliximab failure
Authors: Caron Bénédicte , Fumery Mathurin , Netter Patrick , Peyrin‐Biroulet Laurent 
Published: January 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Hanzel et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16609
Editorial: time to eat? Skipping breakfast in metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease—Authors’ reply
Authors: Xie Jiarong , Xu Lei , Xu Chengfu 
Published: January 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Xie et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16727 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16755
The effects of optimal cross holding in an asymmetric oligopoly
Authors: Ma Hongkun , Zeng Chenhang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper studies the endogenous formation of cross holding and its welfare implications in an asymmetric Cournot oligopoly with one acquiring firm holding passive ownership in one of its rivals. With the presence of cost asymmetry, we show that the acquiring firm will always choose to hold ownership in the most efficient rival. The optimal level of ownership is determined by market demand, the number, and cost distribution of firms. We further analyze the welfare implications of cross holding and characterize both socially excessive and insufficient cross holdings.
N‐glycosylation regulates MET processing and signaling
Authors: Saitou Atsushi , Hasegawa Yoshihiro , Fujitani Naoki , Ariki Shigeru , Uehara Yasuaki , Hashimoto Ukichiro , Saito Atsushi , Kuronuma Koji , Matsumoto Kunio , Chiba Hirofumi , Takahashi Motoko 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMET, the receptor for the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), is strongly associated with resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, key drugs that are used in the therapy of non–small cell lung cancer. MET contains 11 potential N‐glycosylation sites, but the site‐specific roles of these N‐glycans have not been elucidated. We report herein that these N‐glycans regulate the proteolytic processing of MET and HGF‐induced MET signaling, and that this regulation is site specific. Inhibitors of N‐glycosylation were found to suppress the processing and trafficking of endogenous MET in H1975 and EBC‐1 lung cancer cells and exogenous MET in CHO‐K1 cells. We purified the recombinant extracellular domain of human MET and determined the site‐specific N‐glycan structures and occupancy using mass spectrometry. The results indicated that most sites were fully glycosylated and that the dominant population was the complex type. To examine the effects of the deletion of N‐glycans of MET, we prepared endogenous MET knockout Flp‐In CHO cells and transfected them with a series of N‐glycan–deletion mutants of MET. The results showed that several N‐glycans are implicated in the processing of MET. The findings also suggested that the N‐glycans of the SEMA domain of MET positively regulate HGF signaling, and the N‐glycans of the region other than the SEMA domain negatively regulate HGF signaling. Processing, cell surface expression, and signaling were significantly suppressed in the case of the all‐N‐glycan–deletion mutant. The overall findings suggest that N‐glycans of MET affect the status and the function of the receptor in a site‐specific manner.
Extraction, derivatization, and antioxidant activity of Morinda citrifolia polysaccharide
Authors: Zhou Shiyang , Huang Gangliang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe polysaccharide from Morinda citrifolia fermentation liquor was extracted by the hot water method. The acetylated polysaccharide, phosphorylated polysaccharide, carboxymethylated polysaccharide, and sulfated polysaccharide were identified by IR and NMR spectra. The results showed that Morinda citrifolia polysaccharide and its derivatives showed the good antioxidant activity, and them up to Vc level. These results provide a good basis for studying the antioxidant activity and structural‐activity relationship of Morinda citrifolia polysaccharide and its derivatives.