bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Park-Based Interventions on Health-Related Outcomes Among Youth: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wallace Deshira D. , Han Bing , Cohen Deborah A. , Derose Kathryn P. 
Published: March 2022

Objective The purpose of the study is to present a comprehensive systematic review of the effects of park-based interventions on health outcomes among youth, defined as children and adolescents. Data Source Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases searched through November 2020. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria Interventions conducted in publicly accessible parks that evaluated health outcomes (i.e., physical, mental, and emotional); focused on children and adolescents (up to 18 years old, or up to 22 years old for individuals with developmental needs); and was published in English, Spanish, and Chinese. Data Extraction Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the quality of the 15 included studies using the Guide to Community Preventive Services tool. Data Synthesis Descriptive summary of study characteristics and summarized methodological quality of the studies. Results Twelve studies were person-based interventions involving the evaluation of health outcome changes in cohorts, and the remaining studies were park-based, focused on changing the park environment and observing changes in youth participation in parks. All identified interventions were positively associated with individual-level and park-level outcomes ranging from body weight, moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity, park utilization, and health behavior knowledge. Conclusions This systematic review demonstrated that parks as sites of interventions can provide an environment that promotes health and wellbeing for youth. Nevertheless, the number of relevant studies were limited, thus it is important to leverage and expand on existing knowledge of the utility of parks as sites of intervention to address health concerns at this critical juncture of the life course.
The Association Between Discrimination and Falling. A National Sample of Older Adults
Authors: Reyes-Ortiz Carlos A. , Campo-Arias Adalberto , Ocampo-Chaparro Jose Mauricio , Moncayo-Hernández Brigitte A. , Lee Torhonda , Luque John S. 
Published: March 2022

Objective To assess the relationship between discrimination and falling among older people. Methods A cross-sectional nationwide population-based face-to-face survey, 2015. The SABE ( Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento) Colombia Study, 19,004 community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years. Recurrent falling was defined as ≥2 falls during the prior year. Main independent variable was discrimination. Results Multivariate logistic regression models showed that recurrent falling was significantly associated with a number of reasons for experiences of everyday discrimination (due to racial, socioeconomic status, gender, age, religion, sexual orientation, or disability) (OR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.21–1.33), childhood discrimination score (never = 0 to many times = 3) (OR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.13–1.33), and number of situations for discrimination during the last 5 years due to skin color (group activities, public places, inside the family, or health centers) (OR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.08–1.17). Discussion Discrimination experiences were associated with higher odds of recurrent falling.
Retrobulbar blood flow velocity in systemic lupus erythematosus assessed by color Doppler imaging
Authors: Xue Kang , Guo Tingting , Lei Boya , Chen Sheng , Huang Linlin , Zhou Min 
Published: March 2022

Objective To analyze the blood flow in retrobulbar vessels in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by color Doppler imaging (CDI) and to investigate the associations between immunological markers, retinal abnormalities, disease activity, and vascular parameters. Methods We examined 30 patients with SLE who were aged 32.1 ± 11.6 years with a disease duration of 68.0 ± 55.6 months and 30 participants in a control group. The peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), pulsatility index (PI), and resistive index (RI) of the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), and posterior ciliary arteries (PCAs) were determined. Physical and ophthalmic examinations with assessments of immunological markers were performed. All parameters were compared between SLE patients and normal controls while the correlations among parameters were analyzed. Results In the SLE group, CDI confirmed blood flow abnormalities in the CRA and PCAs, with significantly lower blood flow velocities and increased RI and PI ( p < 0.05). There was a significantly negative correlation between disease duration and EDV in the CRA, PCA, and OA ( p = 0.0423, 0.0453, 0.0448). There was also a significant relationship between the SLE Disease Activity Index and the PI of the OA ( p = 0.0367). The patients who had received biological agents (Rituximab) had lower EDV in the CRA and PCA ( p = 0.0026, 0.028). SLE patients with kidney or CNS involvement had a significant increase in the PI in the OA ( p = 0.0287). The PSV and EDV in the CRA were significantly related to creatinine ( p = 0.0007 and 0.0418). We also noted a significant decreased EDV in the CRA and an increased RI in the OA among participants positive for anti-dsDNA antibodies ( p = 0.0331 and 0.0228). Conclusions Retrobulbar circulatory disturbances were detected in SLE patients by CDI. These findings seem likely to affect smaller vessels like the CRA and PCA. However, the presence of measurable changes in the OA is generally indicative of a coexistent nephropathy or central nervous system (CNS) vasculitis. Creatinine, the disease activity index, being positive for anti-dsDNA, and receiving biological agents were associated with measurable changes on the retrobulbar blood flow.
Enhanced design of the quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator with three pairs of oblique springs: Theory and experiment
Authors: Zhao Feng , Cao Shuqian , Luo Quantian , Ji Jinchen 
Published: March 2022

Quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolators have been extensively studied due to superior passive vibration isolation performance. As the quasi-zero stiffness region of the isolators is generally small, the research on their responses to the excitation with high amplitude is currently quite limited. This paper presents an improved design of the quasi-zero stiffness isolator with three pairs of oblique springs to increase the amplitude of the excitation. Theoretical formulations are derived for stiffness and force, and then the influences of three independent parameters on the quasi-zero stiffness region are studied to obtain optimal design parameters. A prototype is fabricated and tested for displacement excitations with amplitudes of 5 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm in a frequency range of 1.5–10 Hz. The absolute displacement transmissibility of the enhanced quasi-zero stiffness isolator is theoretically and experimentally compared with that of the corresponding linear isolator and that of the previous isolators with three pairs of oblique springs using the same parameter conditions of the loaded mass, the horizontal length of oblique springs, and the vertical spring. The experimental results show that the enhanced design of the quasi-zero stiffness isolator with three pairs of oblique springs can achieve lower displacement transmissibility and deal with the displacement excitation with higher amplitude.
The contagion effect of COVID-19-induced uncertainty on US tourism sector: Evidence from time-varying granger causality test
Authors: Cepni Oguzhan , Dogru Tarik , Ozdemir Ozgur 
Published: March 2022

This study investigates the effect of COVID-19-induced uncertainty on the overall stock market and the stock performance of the tourism and hospitality industry and its subsectors utilizing a novel time-varying robust Granger causality test. The results show that the COVID-19 pandemic–induced uncertainty has an adverse impact on the overall economy, tourism and hospitality industry, and subsectors of tourism and hospitality. However, the impact of COVID-19 pandemic–induced uncertainty is more significant in the tourism and hospitality industry and its subsectors. In particular, hotels sector has experienced the largest impact from the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by restaurants and airline sectors, respectively. Research and practical implications are discussed. JEL Classification: C1, C5, F2, G11, G17, G41
Vibration characteristics of channel steel-concrete composite girders: An experimental and numerical analysis
Authors: Zhang Xun , Liu Ziqi , Kong Derui , Chen Tao , Zhang Jinrui 
Published: March 2022

The broad application of steel and steel-concrete bridges has caused significant vibration and noise problems. Although the channel steel-concrete composite girder is a commonly used bridge type, the vibration transmission performance and structural optimization design (concrete deck, stiffeners, transverse connection components, etc.) from the perspective of vibration control have not been well studied. In this paper, experimental and numerical approaches are combined to investigate the dynamic properties of a steel-channel girder in the audible frequency range (20–2000 Hz). A steel-channel girder is tested via hammering. The effects of damping, stiffeners, and a concrete deck on structural vibration are evaluated using the finite element method. The experimental results indicate negligible differences in the vibration responses on a single plate, but large differences at different sections. The results are influenced by the effects of the distance and transmission path. The numerical results reveal that increasing the damping and stiffness (e.g., setting stiffeners) are both effective in reducing vibrations. Furthermore, increasing the stiffness has a more prominent effect on structural vibrations and their frequency dependence, whereas increasing the damping ratio can stably reduce structural vibrations. The simulation results indicate that installing a concrete deck is the most effective approach to vibration reduction, as it can decrease overall vibration by more than 10 dB. Vertical web stiffeners have stronger effects on vibration reduction than other stiffening countermeasures (e.g., transverse connection components and longitudinal bottom plate stiffeners).
Potential Effects of Boldine on Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Inflammatory Changes Induced by the Methylprednisolone Hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Shuker Esraa , Farhood Manal , Al-Qudaihi Ghofran , Fouad Dalia 
Published: March 2022

Background Synthetic glucocorticoid therapeutic agent methylprednisolone (MPL), when used for an extended period of time at high dose, promotes the development of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced liver toxicity. This study investigated the role of boldine, a natural antioxidant with anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties, against MPL-induced hepatoxicity in male Wistar rats. Methods 120 rats were divided into eight equal groups: G1 (control), G2, 3, and 4 (rats orally administered 5, 10, and 50 mg boldine/kg b.w./day; respectively, for 28 days), G5 (rats intramuscularly injected with 100 mg MPL/kg b.w. only on the last three days), G6, 7, and 8 (rats administered boldine + MPL). After the last MPL injection, rats were sacrificed at intervals of 1, 24, and 48 h. Results There was a significant decrease in WBCs, RBCs count, and HGB levels, as well as an increase in PLT count, ALT, AST, TG, and LDL levels, and a decrease in HDL level in serum. Oxidative stress markers levels increased at all times, and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes increased at 24h. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that cytochrome c levels significantly increased after MPL treatment. The COMET assay revealed detectable DNA lesions. There was no immune reactivity of IL-6 expressions as an inflammatory response marker. Conclusions Oral administration of boldine has a modulatory protective, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effect against free radicals.
Live Fences as Refuges of Wild and Useful Plant Diversity: Their Drivers and Structure in Five Elevation Contrast Sites of Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: Zamora Pedraza Gregoria , Avendaño-Reyes Sergio , Coates Rosamond , Gómez Díaz Jorge Antonio , Lascurain Maite , García-Guzmán Graciela , López-Acosta Juan Carlos 
Published: March 2022

Background and Research One noteworthy element found throughout the tropical anthropogenic mosaic is the live fence, which is established within agricultural matrices and its structure within the landscape retains ecological processes, but few are recognized as elements of biological and cultural conservation. Methods In this study, we have researched plant diversity and anthropic management of live fences in five sites surrounded by contrasting vegetation references: Tropical evergreen forest; tropical deciduous forest; cloud forest; and pine–oak and pine forests. We recorded the type of management by interviews with peasants. We established thirty 2 × 50 m transects within each site and sampled two strata: trees and saplings. Also, we documented seed dispersal mechanism, life form, local use, and origin of each species. Importance Value Index and diversity metrics were estimated for each site. Results 253 plant species were registered (181 genera/74 families). While fences associated with the tropical deciduous forest showed the greatest species richness (109 species), the pine forest fences showed the lowest richness (21 species). Zoochory was the main type of seed dispersal mechanism. Conclusions Independent to the site and the altitude, the configuration of living fences is structured by three processes: the selection of the initial trees, the availability of the arrival of zoochory species, and the tolerance of the owners for the plant species. Implications for Conservation Based on our results, live fences can be considered important tools for landscape management in Mexico.
Progressive damage in pretensioned and reinforced concrete plates against repeated impacts
Authors: Kumar Vimal , Iqbal Mohd. Ashraf , Mittal Achal Kumar 
Published: March 2022

This study is planned to explore the performance of pretensioned concrete (PC) plates under multiple impacts. A detailed investigation has been carried out on pretensioned concrete plates (0.8 × 0.8 m2) against drop impact. The plates prepared using Mix-40 and Mix-60 grade concrete have been induced with two different levels of initial prestress, that is, 1/10 and 1/5 (i.e. level-1 and level-2) times the strength of the concrete. The PC plates have been impacted by a falling impactor (2382 N) dropped from 0.5 m height. The response of those plates has been obtained and compared with the reference RC plates. The post-impact performance of the damaged plates has been further discovered by subsequently dropping the impactor multiple times from the identical height. The FE simulations of the problem have been carried out using Johnson-Holmquist-2 and metal-plasticity constitutive models for concrete and steel, respectively. The models have been initially verified with the experimental results available in literature, and subsequently the simulations for drop impact have been carried out. The simulation results are also compared with the results of drop impact experimentations performed. In general, both the pretensioned and reinforced concrete have witnessed flexural cracks at the beginning, such that pretensioned concrete witnessed lesser cracks compared to reinforced concrete. As the number of drops increased, one major splitting crack developed only in pretensioned concrete, whereas the reinforced concrete exhibited additional punching cracks. For a given concrete grade, the pretensioned concrete level-2 witnessed the smallest damage, minimal cracks, and also minimal spalling followed by the pretensioned concrete level-1 and reinforced concrete. The reinforced concrete absorbed the minimal impact energy followed by the pretensioned concrete level-1 and level-2 under the multiple impacts. The FE simulations predicted the impact force and reaction within 11.9 and 9.9% variation, respectively, with the corresponding experimental results.
Efficacy of D-Wave Monitoring Combined With the Transcranial Motor-Evoked Potentials in High-Risk Spinal Surgery: A Retrospective Multicenter Study of the Monitoring Committee of the Japanese Society for Spine Surgery and Related Research
Authors: Shigematsu Hideki , Ando Muneharu , Kobayashi Kazuyoshi , Yoshida Go , Funaba Masahiro , Morito Shinji , Takahashi Masahito , Ushirozako Hiroki , Kawabata Shigenori , Yamada Kei , Kanchiku Tsukasa , Fujiwara Yasushi , Taniguchi Shinichirou , Iwasaki Hiroshi , Tadokoro Nobuaki , Wada Kanichiro , Yamamoto Naoya , Yasuda Akimasa , Hashimoto Jun , Tani Toshikazu , Ando Kei , Machino Masaaki , Takatani Tsunenori , Matsuyama Yukihiro , Imagama Shiro 
Published: March 2022

Study Design Retrospective multicenter cohort study Objectives We aimed to clarify the efficacy of multimodal intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM), especially in transcranial electrical stimulation of motor-evoked potentials (TES-MEPs) with spinal cord-evoked potentials after transcranial stimulation of the brain (D-wave) in the detection of reversible spinal cord injury in high-risk spinal surgery. Methods We reviewed 1310 patients who underwent TES-MEPs during spinal surgery at 14 spine centers. We compared the monitoring results of TES-MEPs with D-wave vs TES-MEPs without D-wave in high-risk spinal surgery. Results There were 40 cases that used TES-MEPs with D-wave and 1270 cases that used TES-MEPs without D-wave. Before patients were matched, there were significant differences between groups in terms of sex and spinal disease category. Although there was no significant difference in the rescue rate between TES-MEPs with D-wave (2.0%) and TES-MEPs (2.5%), the false-positivity rate was significantly lower (0%) in the TES-MEPs-with-D-wave group. Using a one-to-one propensity score-matched analysis, 40 pairs of patients from the two groups were selected. Baseline characteristics did not significantly differ between the matched groups. In the score-matched analysis, one case (2.5%) in both groups was a case of rescue ( P = 1), five (12.5%) cases in the TES-MEPs group were false positives, and there were no false positives in the TES-MEPs-with-D-wave group ( P = .02). Conclusions TES-MEPs with D-wave in high-risk spine surgeries did not affect rescue case rates. However, it helped reduce the false-positivity rate.
Omeprazole-induced galactorrhea in kidney transplant patients—a case report
Authors: Dorji Choki , Robin Farruk Ahammed , Na-Bangchang Kesara 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Omeprazole belongs to the pharmacological classifications of proton pump inhibitors and is a widely used medicine. All proton pump inhibitors have a common mechanism of action and are prodrugs that require activation in an acidic environment. Omeprazole is extensively metabolized in the liver by cytochrome 2C19 and cytochrome 3A4, which are responsible for drug interactions. Omeprazole-induced galactorrhea is a rare adverse event of drug metabolism and is often underreported.

Case presentation
This is a case of a 26-year-old unmarried Asian (Bhutanese) female who underwent kidney transplant and was administered standard antirejection medication (tacrolimus, prednisolone, and leflunomide) along with an antihypertensive agent. She came to the emergency department with complaints of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, chronic gastritis, anemia, hypertension, and loss of appetite. The tacrolimus trough level was in the subtherapeutic range at admission. The tacrolimus dose was adjusted, and oral omeprazole was administered. After 3 days, she experienced milk production from her left breast, which according to the patient was her second incidence after omeprazole ingestion.

Conclusion
Causality assessment using Naranjo’s algorithm and recovering from galactorrhea after stopping omeprazole and omeprazole rechallenge with the reappearance of galactorrhea confirmed omeprazole as the causative agent. Tacrolimus interferes with omeprazole metabolism and increases tacrolimus levels in the blood. Caution needs to be taken when omeprazole is administered with other drugs that interfere with metabolizing enzymes.
An unusual complex suicide involving a chainsaw and a hanging: a case report
Authors: Gualco Barbara , Angelino Amalia , Rensi Regina , Manetti Gloria , Focardi Martina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundSuicides or suicidal attempts with power tools such as band or circular saws are rarely encountered in forensic medicine practice; in the forensic literature, only a few cases have been reported. We present the case of a “combined suicide” (self-injurious actions using different methods and involving various bodily sites) carried out with uncommon deadly methods: chainsaw and hanging.Case presentationA 58-year-old Caucasian man was found dead by his wife, hanging from the basement ceiling of the cellar in which he lived. During the investigation of the crime scene, external examination revealed a wide incised wound in the umbilical area showing the muscular and adipose tissues below. On inspection of the garden around the courtyard, the police found a chainsaw with blood spatter on both the blade and the handle. The blade appeared to be compatible with the abdominal injuries.ConclusionsSince the corpse presented this incised wound, it was crucial to establish the manner and the causes of death, as well as to exclude any third-party involvement. In this case, the presence of multiple injuries, potentially lethal, required a differential diagnosis between suicide or homicide. A detailed post-mortem examination, in association with a precise study of the circumstantial data, led the authors to assume that they were dealing with a “complex suicide.”