bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytokine changes in cerebrospinal fluid following vascular surgery on the thoracic aorta
Authors: Pereira Christopher , Perera Anisha H. , Rudarakanchana Nung , Harris Benjamin H. L. , Di Giovannantonio Matteo , Taylor-Robinson Simon D. , Dani Melanie , Fertleman Michael 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThere is growing evidence that surgery can drive an inflammatory response in the brain. However, the mechanisms behind this response are incompletely understood. Here, we investigate the hypotheses that 1. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokines increase after vascular surgery and 2. That these changes in CSF cytokines are interrelated. Patients undergoing either open or endovascular elective surgery of the thoracic aorta were invited to participate in this study. Cerebrospinal fluid samples were taken before surgery and on the first post-operative day. These were analysed for the presence of ten cytokines by immunoassay to examine for post-operative changes in cytokine levels. After surgery, there were significant increases in six out of the ten measured CSF cytokines (IL-1β, 2, 6, 8, 10 and 13). This included changes in both putative pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, 6 and 8) and putative anti-inflammatory (IL-2, 10 and 13) cytokines. The greatest increases occurred in IL-6 and IL-8, which showed a 63-fold and a 31-fold increase respectively. There was strong intercorrelation between CSF cytokines after the operation. Following surgery on the thoracic aorta, there was a marked increase in CSF cytokines, consistent with a potential role in neuroinflammation. The ten measured cytokines showed intercorrelation after the operation, indicating that a balance between multiple pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines may be present.
Identifying pathways to increased volunteering in older US adults
Authors: Nakamura Julia S. , Lee Matthew T. , Chen Frances S. , Archer Lee Yeeun , Fried Linda P. , VanderWeele Tyler J. , Kim Eric S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhile growing evidence documents strong associations between volunteering and improved health and well-being outcomes, less is known about the health and well-being factors that lead to increased volunteering. Using data from 13,771 participants in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS)—a diverse, longitudinal, and national sample of older adults in the United States—we evaluated a large range of candidate predictors of volunteering. Specifically, using generalized linear regression models with a lagged exposure-wide approach, we evaluated if changes in 61 predictors spanning physical health, health behaviors, and psychosocial well-being (over a 4-year follow-up between t0; 2006/2008 and t1; 2010/2012) were associated with volunteer activity four years later (t2; 2014/2016). After adjusting for a rich set of covariates, certain changes in some health behaviors (e.g., physical activity ≥ 1x/week), physical health conditions (e.g., physical functioning limitations, cognitive impairment), and psychosocial factors (e.g., purpose in life, constraints, contact with friends, etc.) were associated with increased volunteering four years later. However, there was little evidence that other factors were associated with subsequent volunteering. Changes in several indicators of physical health, health behaviors, and psychosocial well-being may predict increased volunteering, and these factors may be novel targets for interventions and policies aiming to increase volunteering in older adults.
Characterization of binding interactions of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and DNA-peptide nanostructures
Authors: Kruse Marlen , Altattan Basma , Laux Eva-Maria , Grasse Nico , Heinig Lars , Möser Christin , Smith David M. , Hölzel Ralph 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBinding interactions of the spike proteins of the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to a peptide fragment derived from the human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) receptor are investigated. The peptide is employed as capture moiety in enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and quantitative binding interaction measurements that are based on fluorescence proximity sensing (switchSENSE). In both techniques, the peptide is presented on an oligovalent DNA nanostructure, in order to assess the impact of mono- versus trivalent binding modes. As the analyte, the spike protein and several of its subunits are tested as well as inactivated SARS-CoV-2 and pseudo viruses. While binding of the peptide to the full-length spike protein can be observed, the subunits RBD and S1 do not exhibit binding in the employed concentrations. Variations of the amino acid sequence of the recombinant full-length spike proteins furthermore influence binding behavior. The peptide was coupled to DNA nanostructures that form a geometric complement to the trimeric structure of the spike protein binding sites. An increase in binding strength for trimeric peptide presentation compared to single peptide presentation could be generally observed in ELISA and was quantified in switchSENSE measurements. Binding to inactivated wild type viruses could be shown as well as qualitatively different binding behavior of the Alpha and Beta variants compared to the wild type virus strain in pseudo virus models.
Impact of dopant-induced band tails on optical spectra, charge carrier transport, and dynamics in single-crystal CdTe
Authors: Ščajev Patrik , Mekys Algirdas , Subačius Liudvikas , Stanionytė Sandra , Kuciauskas Darius , Lynn Kelvin G. , Swain Santosh K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCadmium telluride (CdTe) semiconductors are used in thin-film photovoltaics, detectors, and other optoelectronic applications. For all technologies, higher efficiency and sensitivity are achieved with reduced charge carrier recombination. In this study, we use state-of-the-art CdTe single crystals and electro-optical measurements to develop a detailed understanding of recombination rate dependence on excitation and temperature in CdTe. We study recombination and carrier dynamics in high-resistivity (undoped) and arsenic (As)-doped CdTe by employing absorption, the Hall effect, time-resolved photoluminescence, and pump-probe in the 80–600 K temperature range. We report extraordinarily long lifetimes (30 µs) at low temperatures in bulk undoped CdTe. Temperature dependencies of carrier density and mobility reveal ionization of the main acceptors and donors as well as dominant scattering by ionized impurities. We also distinguish different recombination defects. In particular, shallow AsTeand deep VCd−AsCdacceptors were responsible for p-type conductivity. AX donors were responsible for electron capture, while nonradiative recombination centers (VCd−AsTe, As2precipitates), and native defects (VCd−TeCd) were found to be dominant in p-type and n-type CdTe, respectively. Bimolecular and surface recombination rate temperature dependencies were also revealed, with bimolecular coefficient T−3/2temperature dependence and 170 meV effective surface barrier, leading to an increase in surface recombination velocity at high temperatures and excitations. The results of this study allowed us to conclude that enhanced crucible rotation growth of As-doped CdTe is advantageous to As activation, leading to longer lifetimes and larger mobilities and open-circuit voltages due to lower absorption and trapping.
Nepotistic colony fission in dense colony aggregations of an Australian paper wasp
Authors: Tsuchida Koji , Ishiguro Norio , Saito-Morooka Fuki , Kojima Jun-ichi , Spradbery Philip 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSocial insects are highly diverse in their social structures, aside from the consistent presence of reproductive castes. Among social insects, the Australian paper waspRopalidia plebeianaconstructs extremely dense colony aggregations consisting of hundreds of colonies within a few square meters; however, little is known about the aggregation structures. We genetically analyzed the colony and population structure ofR. plebeiana, and concomitant variations in colony sex ratios. In spring, the foundress (candidate queen) group started their colonies on a single old comb from the previous season, subsequently dividing these old combs via relatedness-based comb-cutting. Female philopatry, a prerequisite condition of Local Resource Competition (LRC), was confirmed. The colony sex ratio of reproductive individuals (male and female offspring for the next generation) became slightly male-biased in larger colonies, as predicted under LRC. However, the number of foundresses was positively associated with the number of reproductive individuals, suggesting that Local Resource Enhancement (LRE) also operates. Although the population structure appears to meet the prerequisites of LRC, the sex ratio appears to be modulated by factors other than LRC. Rather, through LRE, the availability of female helpers at the founding stage is likely to mitigate the sex ratios predicted under LRC.
Identification of robust deep neural network models of longitudinal clinical measurements
Authors: Javidi Hamed , Mariam Arshiya , Khademi Gholamreza , Zabor Emily C. , Zhao Ran , Radivoyevitch Tomas , Rotroff Daniel M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDeep learning (DL) from electronic health records holds promise for disease prediction, but systematic methods for learning from simulated longitudinal clinical measurements have yet to be reported. We compared nine DL frameworks using simulated body mass index (BMI), glucose, and systolic blood pressure trajectories, independently isolated shape and magnitude changes, and evaluated model performance across various parameters (e.g., irregularity, missingness). Overall, discrimination based on variation in shape was more challenging than magnitude. Time-series forest-convolutional neural networks (TSF-CNN) and Gramian angular field(GAF)-CNN outperformed other approaches (P < 0.05) with overall area-under-the-curve (AUCs) of 0.93 for both models, and 0.92 and 0.89 for variation in magnitude and shape with up to 50% missing data. Furthermore, in a real-world assessment, the TSF-CNN model predicted T2D with AUCs reaching 0.72 using only BMI trajectories. In conclusion, we performed an extensive evaluation of DL approaches and identified robust modeling frameworks for disease prediction based on longitudinal clinical measurements.
Influence of conduit and topography complexity on spine extrusion at Shiveluch volcano, Kamchatka
Authors: Walter Thomas R. , Zorn Edgar U. , Harnett Claire E. , Shevchenko Alina V. , Belousov Alexander , Belousova Marina , Vassileva Magdalena S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMost volcanic eruptions occur through magma pathways that resemble tube-like conduits fed from magma sources at depth. Here we combine remote sensing observations with both analog and numerical experiments to describe the extrusion of a spine at the Shiveluch lava dome, Kamchatka (Russian Far East) in April-October 2020. We show that spine growth is preceded by bulging of the dome surface, followed by extrusion in an asymmetric manner. The spine then elongates along a previously identified fracture line and bends toward the north. By repeated morphology analysis and feature tracking, we constrain a spine diameter of ~300 m, extruding at a velocity of 1.7 m/day and discharge rate of 0.3–0.7 m³/s. Particle modeling of an extruding conduit plug highlights that the spine may have inclined to the north due to the topography and hidden architecture of the subsurface. We suggest that such complexities are rather common, where mechanical heterogeneities in the conduit material, mechanical erosion of the hidden spine buried by the co-evolving dome, as well as topographic (un-)buttressing controls directionality of spine growth and spine instability. The results presented here are relevant for understanding the growth and collapse hazards of spines and provide unique insights into the hidden magma-conduit architecture.
The response of wheat and its microbiome to contemporary and historical water stress in a field experiment
Authors: Azarbad Hamed , Bainard Luke D , Agoussar Asmaâ , Tremblay Julien , Yergeau Etienne 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In a field experiment, we evaluated the impact of 37 years of contrasting water stress history on the microbial response in various plant compartments at two distinct developmental stages when four wheat genotypes were exposed to contemporary water stress. Seeds were collected and sampled at the end of the experiment to characterize endophytic and epiphytic microbial communities. Amplicon sequencing data revealed that plant development stage and water stress history were the main factors shaping the microbiome of the major plant parts in response to contemporary water limitation. Our results indicate that seeds can become colonized by divergent microbial communities within a single generation based on the initial pool of microbes as determined by historical contingencies, which was modulated by the contemporary environmental conditions and the plant genotype. Such information is essential to incorporate microbial-based strategies into conventional plant breeding to enhance plant resistance to stress.
Targeting skeletal muscle mitochondrial health in obesity
Authors: Pileggi Chantal A. , Hooks Breana G. , McPherson Ruth , Dent Robert R.M. , Harper Mary-Ellen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Metabolic demands of skeletal muscle are substantial and are characterized normally as highly flexible and with a large dynamic range. Skeletal muscle composition (e.g., fiber type and mitochondrial content) and metabolism (e.g., capacity to switch between fatty acid and glucose substrates) are altered in obesity, with some changes proceeding and some following the development of the disease. Nonetheless, there are marked interindividual differences in skeletal muscle composition and metabolism in obesity, some of which have been associated with obesity risk and weight loss capacity. In this review, we discuss related molecular mechanisms and how current and novel treatment strategies may enhance weight loss capacity, particularly in diet-resistant obesity.
Multicellular regulation of miR-196a-5p and miR-425-5 from adipose stem cell-derived exosomes and cardiac repair
Authors: de Almeida Oliveira Nathalia C. , Neri Elida A. , Silva Caio M. , Valadão Iuri C. , Fonseca-Alaniz Miriam H. , Zogbi Camila , Levy Débora , Bydlowski Sergio P. , Krieger Jose Eduardo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cardiac transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) modulates the post-myocardial infarction (post-MI) repair response. Biomolecules secreted or shuttled within extracellular vesicles, such as exosomes, may participate in the concerted response. We investigated the exosome’s microRNAs due to their capacity to fine-tune gene expression, potentially affecting the multicellular repair response. We profiled and quantified rat ASC-exosome miRNAs and used bioinformatics to select uncharacterized miRNAs down-regulated in post-MI related to cardiac repair. We selected and validated miR-196a-5p and miR-425-5p as candidates for the concerted response in neonatal cardiomyocytes, cardiac fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages using a high-content screening platform. Both miRNAs prevented cardiomyocyte ischemia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species production, increased angiogenesis, and polarized macrophages toward the anti-inflammatory M2 immunophenotype. Moreover, miR-196a-5p reduced and reversed myofibroblast activation and decreased collagen expression. Our data provide evidence that the exosome-derived miR-196a-5p and miR-425-5p influence biological processes critical to the concerted multicellular repair response post-MI.
Event‐triggered optimisation of overtaking decision‐making strategy for autonomous driving on highway
Authors: Huang Ping , Zhang Lin , Chen Hong , Ding Haitao , Cao Jianyong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAppropriate overtaking can improve the safety and efficiency of driving. Practically, overtaking consists of two asymmetric lane‐changes: firstly to the left lane and then return back. Existing literatures treated the two lane‐changes as the same behaviour, which may result in frequent and unnecessary lane‐changes. For the more complex first lane‐change, discretionary lane‐change strategies have been developed to gain speed advantage with least deceleration. Most of them, however, described vehicles' dynamics with rough simplifications different from actual execution (e.g. constant speed and constant acceleration), which may fail them in practical applications. This paper presents an event‐triggered overtaking decision‐making strategy for autonomous vehicles to make the overtaking meet the driver's expectations. Firstly, the difference between the left‐lane change and right‐lane change is analysed. Left‐lane change is mainly concerned with the efficiency, whereas driving safety is the main target of the right‐lane change. Secondly, an event‐triggering condition covering the speed difference between the ego vehicle and its preceding vehicle is set. Afterwards, based on quantified speed advantage, considering surrounding vehicles' changes in both speed and acceleration, an optimisation of overtaking decision‐making strategy is proposed. During right‐lane change in an overtaking, safety is ensured by predicting whether the ego vehicle will collide with surrounding vehicles. Finally, several scenarios are defined in the combination of SCANeR studio and Simulink, which are used to test and demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the overtaking decision‐making strategy. The results show that the proposed overtaking decision‐making strategy, by mathematical quantification of speed advantage, performs well in measuring the motivation of lane‐change and avoiding frequent lane changes, which correspond to driver habits.
The mechanism and optimization method of the capacitance team used in double‐sided LCC compensation topology
Authors: Xia Nenghong , Xu Xiaoying , Zhang Fan , Zhu Yimin , Huang Chen , Lin Jialiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDouble‐sided LCC compensation topology is often used in various wireless charging systems (WCS) as its resonant frequency is independent of coupling coefficient and load condition. However, the transmission performance of the compensated system was found to be very sensitive to the change of the compensation capacitance. This paper attempts to give a capacitance optimization method based on the comprehensive consideration of effects of capacitance. The four compensation capacitors are divided into parallel capacitance team and series capacitance team, and the work mechanism of the compensation capacitance on the output power, efficiency and the terminal voltage of the system are deeply analyzed. Then, the optimization approach based on Bayesian is given. The results are validated by both simulation and experiments of a 3 kW WCS prototype. With the proposed optimization method, the ac–ac efficiency can reach up to 96.3% over an air gap of 150 mm, which shows a 5% improvement. The voltage of each component is kept within a safe range.
L1-Mandarin L2-English learners’ acquisition of English
double-quantifier scope
Authors: Wu Mien-Jen , Ionin Tania 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
English double-quantifier configurations such as A
dog scared every man are ambiguous between a
surface-scope reading (there exists one specific dog which scared
every man) and an inverse-scope reading (each man was scared by a
possibly different dog), while the Mandarin equivalent only has the
surface-scope reading. Therefore, if L1-transfer is at work,
L1-Mandarin L2-English learners would not initially allow
inverse-scope readings in English, but may acquire them through
exposure to relevant input. We tested learners in the U.S. and
native English speakers on their acceptance of surface-scope and
inverse-scope readings and found that learners disallowed
inverse-scope readings of English double-quantifier sentences. This
suggests that positive evidence alone is not sufficient for the
L2-acquisition of inverse scope.
Development of L2 prosody
Authors: Fujimori Atsushi , Yamane Noriko , Yoshimura Noriko , Nakayama Mineharu , Teaman Brian , Yoneyama Kiyoko 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study examines the development of L2 English prosody
as associated with information focus by Japanese EFL (JEFL)
learners. Comprehension, perception, and production tasks were
conducted with 54 participants in three sub-groups: low proficiency
level JEFLs, high proficiency level JEFLs, and native English
speakers. Results show that the low-level JEFLs could identify which
parts of sentences require focus but they could not successfully
perceive nor produce three different prosodic patterns associated
with information focus. In contrast, high proficiency JEFLs
demonstrated native-like performance, with a slight difficulty in
producing post-focal compression. Our findings have implications for
the syntax-discourse-prosody interface: (i) the interface knowledge
develops through multiple stages, and (ii) the discourse-prosody
interface is challenging for L2 learners.
The role of L1 Norwegian and L2 English in the acquisition of
verb placement in L3 German
Authors: Dahl Anne , Listhaug Kjersti Faldet , Busterud Guro 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Focusing on the much-debated question of transfer from
previously learned languages in L3 acquisition, we investigate
acquisition of finite verb placement in L3 German. Participants are
L1 Norwegian high-school students with L2 English, in years 1, 2, 4,
and 5 of German instruction. Norwegian and German have V2 word
order, while English does not. Participants completed acceptability
judgments in L3 German and L2 English. Results show no
clear preference for either V2 or non-V2 in German in the earliest
learners, but later development towards target-like intuitions.
Target-like L2 English judgments do not seem to be associated with
more transfer from L2 to L3 of a given structure, and higher L2
proficiency does not predict more L2 transfer to L3.
Low‐ to moderate‐intensity blood flow restricted walking is not an acute equivalent for unrestricted jogging in young active adults
Authors: Walden Thomas P. , Girard Olivier , Scott Brendan R. , Jonson Andrew M. , Peiffer Jeremiah J. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThis study investigated whether walking with blood flow restriction (BFR) increases acute cardio‐respiratory demands to the point that it can be considered an alternative for jogging. Sixteen physically active adults completed five experimental sessions (order randomised), comprising 10 min of treadmill exercise. Two sessions included unrestricted walking, two sessions required walking with BFR cuffs positioned on the lower limbs inflated to 60% of individualised arterial occlusion pressure, and one session was conducted at a jogging pace. Comfortable walking and jogging speeds were calculated during the familiarisation session. Walking speeds were individualised to either 100% (speed: 6.0 ± 0.3km·h‐1[low‐intensity]) or 120% (speed: 7.2 ± 0.3km·h‐1[moderate‐intensity]) of comfortable walking speed. The jogging session was unrestricted (speed: 9.1 ± 0.7km·h‐1). Initial analysis compared walking conditions across heart rate, left cardiac work index, systolic blood pressure, relative oxygen consumption, minute ventilation, rating of perceived exertion and limb discomfort. Secondary analysis compared the walking session with the highest cardio‐respiratory demands to jogging. Initial analysis identified that moderate‐intensity with BFR induced the highest cardio‐respiratory and perceptual responses compared with any other walking sessions (p < 0.01). Secondary analysis revealed that all cardio‐respiratory measures were higher during jogging when compared with moderate‐intensity with BFR (p < 0.01), except systolic blood pressure (p = 0.10). All perceptual measures were higher during moderate‐intensity with BFR (p < 0.01) compared with jogging. Low‐ to moderate‐intensity BFR‐walking produces lower acute cardio‐respiratory responses at higher ratings of perceived exertion and discomfort compared with jogging. Overall, BFR‐walking does not seem to provide an equivalent exercise modality for unrestricted jogging in physically active adults.