bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence-based Potential Therapeutic Applications of Cannabinoids in Wound Management
Authors: Kibret Berhanu Geresu , Patel Sheel , Niezgoda Jonathan , Guns William , Niezgoda Jeffrey , Gopalakrishnan Sandeep , Baban Babak , Cubillos Paola , Villeneuve David , Kumar Pritesh 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND
Although wound management is a major component of all domains of healthcare, conventional therapeutics have numerous limitations. The endocannabinoid system of the skin, one of the major endogenous systems, has recently been connected to wound healing. Cannabinoids and their interactions with the endogenous chemical signaling system may be a promising therapeutic option because they address some of the fundamental pathways for physiologic derangement that underpin chronic integumentary wounds.

RECENT ADVANCES
The therapeutic applications of cannabinoids are increasing because of their legalization and resulting market expansion. Recently, their immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties have been explored for the treatment of wounds that are not effectively managed by conventional medicines.

CRITICAL ISSUES
Failure to manage wounds effectively is associated with reduced quality of life, disability, mortality, and increased healthcare expenditures. Therapeutic options that can manage wounds effectively and efficiently are needed. In this review, the authors summarize recent advances on the use of cannabinoids to treat skin disorders with an emphasis on wound management.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Effective wound management requires medicines with good therapeutic outcomes and minimal adverse effects. Despite the promising results of cannabinoids in wound management, further controlled clinical studies are required to establish the definitive role of these compounds in the pathophysiology of wounds and their usefulness in the clinical setting.
Posterior Exposure in Kocher–Langenbeck With Gluteus Minimus Debridement vs. the Gibson Approach: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Vemulapalli Krishna Chandra , Zuelzer David A. , Ahmad Heba A. , Warner Stephen J. , “Chip” Routt Milton L. , Gary Joshua L. 
Published: May 2022

Objective:
To quantify the posterior acetabular exposure achieved with the Kocher–Langenbeck (K–L) with gluteus minimus debridement and Gibson approaches.

Methods:
A Kocher–Langenbeck approach and a subsequent Gibson approach on the contralateral hip were performed in the prone position on 9 fresh frozen cadavers. Calibrated digital images were obtained of the Kocher–Langenbeck exposure, Kocher–Langenbeck exposure after gluteus minimus debridement, and Gibson exposure. The surface area of the posterior hip and pelvis visualized with each approach was calculated and compared with the contralateral side to assess for the difference between exposures.

Results:
In 5 of the 9 cadavers, the Kocher–Langenbeck exposure before gluteus minimus debridement yielded an increased exposure in comparison with the Gibson approach, and the exposure was equivocal in 3 specimens. An increase of greater than 10% was considered significant. The exposure increased anteriorly and cranially by an average of 13.1 cm2 after debridement of the gluteus minimus caudal to the superior gluteal neurovascular bundle in the Kocher–Langenbeck approach.

Conclusions:
Debridement of the gluteus minimus caudal to the level of the superior gluteal neurovascular bundle can significantly increase anterior and cranial exposure in the Kocher–Langenbeck approach and provide similar areas of access when compared with that in the Gibson approach.
Histological Transformation and Clonal Relationship of Subcutaneous Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma and Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Abbott James , Corean Jessica , Laggis Caroline , Halwani Ahmad , Toydemir Reha , Miles Rodney , Florell Scott , Wada David 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Histological transformation (HT) is an exceptionally uncommon and poorly understood event where a low-grade or indolent B-cell lymphoma transforms into a more aggressive entity, typically diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The pathogenesis is unclear; however, HT is associated with a worse prognosis. This article reports a unique case of marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) limited to skin/subcutis (confirmed with PET-CT) that subsequently developed DLBCL, followed by nodal MZL. We explored phenotypic, molecular genetic, and cytogenetic findings in subcutaneous MZL with HT to DLBCL and subsequent progression to systemic MZL. Shared clonal peaks between the tumors were demonstrated through immunoglobulin heavy chain PCR, and genomic microarray analysis revealed both unique genomic abnormalities and shared regions of copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity in all specimens. BCL-2 expression was present in the original subcutaneous MZL, lost on conversion to Primary cutaneous diffuse large B cell lymphoma (PCDLBCL)-NOS, and regained during subsequent transformation to systemic MZL. The PCDLBCL-NOS did not demonstrate FISH rearrangements for MYC, BCL2, and BCL6. Here, we describe the histologic, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic abnormalities of the clonally related transformation of subcutaneous MZL, PCDLBCL-NOS, and eventual systemic MZL. The predominantly subcutaneous presentation of MZL may be associated with a more aggressive outcome and raises consideration for careful evaluation of patients who present with this pattern.
Outcomes of embryo vitrification at different developmental stages
Authors: Xu Lizhen , Gao Shanshan , Jiang Jingjing , Sun Mei , Sheng Yan , Tang Rong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Advances in cell culture media have led to a shift from cleavage stage embryo transfer to blastocyst stage transfer. Extended embryo culture to the blastocyst stage provides some theoretical advantages and disadvantages. There has been controversy. This study is sought to evaluate the clinical outcomes of vitrified-warmed cleavage-stage and blastocyst-stage embryo transfers in patients undergoing Artificial Reproductive Technique treatments.

Material and method:
The study was performed on 2740 women undergoing frozen embryo thawing transfer. Patients’ basic situation, status of frozen embryo transfer cycle, clinical pregnancy rate, early abortion rate, sex ratio of birth, and birth weight were retrospectively analyzed. We compared the main clinical results of recovery of frozen embryo on the cleavage stage and blastocyst stage. Furthermore, we evaluated the clinical outcomes of blastocyst cryopreservation on Day 5, 6, or 7 after oocyte retrieval according to the day of blastocyst expansion were evaluated.

Results:
The implantation ratio of cleavage stage embryos was 21.62% compared with 43.52% on D5 (P < .05). The D5, D6, and D7 implanting rates were statistically different. The pregnancy rates were 57.56%, 51.76%, and 35.95% versus 37.79%, respectively for embryos cryopreserved on D5, D6, D7, and D3. The ectopic pregnancy rate and early abortion rate were statistically different between D5 and D3. The sex ratio, the birth weight, and birth defect were not statistically different among the four groups.

Conclusions:
Blastocyst transfer achieved a higher implantation rate than vitrified cleavage stage embryo and decreased ectopic pregnancy rate. With increased incubation days before expansion blastocyst formed, the implantation rate is reduced and the early abortion rate increases.
Clinical role of miR-421 as a novel biomarker in diagnosis of gastric cancer patients
Authors: Xu Yingying , Wang Guiping , Hu Wenqing , He Songbing , Li Dandan , Chen Ping , Zhang Jinjie , Gao Yongshun , Yu Duonan , Zong Liang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background:
Gastric cancer (GC) has been identified as one of the most common malignancies. It was found that microRNAs can be used as potential biomarkers for GC diagnosis. The aim of this study was to estimate the diagnostic value of 4 potential microRNAs in GC.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were used to search published studies. The quality of the studies was scored with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies. The pooled sensitivity and specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. The heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochrane Q statistics and the inconsistency index.

Results:
A total of 22 studies reporting the diagnostic value of miR-21 (n = 9), miR-106 (n = 10), miR-421 (n = 5) and miR-223 (n = 3) were included. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies scores showed the high quality of the selected 22 articles. The random effects model was adopted by evaluating the heterogeneity between articles. The DOR, AUC, and Q value of miRNA-21 were 12.37 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.36–28.54), 0.86 and 0.79, respectively. The DOR, AUC and Q value of miRNA-106 were 12.98 [95% CI: 7.14–23.61], 0.85 and 0.78, respectively. The DOR, AUC and Q value of miRNA-421 were 27.86 [95% CI: 6.04–128.48], 0.92 and 0.86, respectively. The DOR, AUC and Q value of miRNA-223 were 18.50 [95% CI: 7.80–43.86], 0.87 and 0.80, respectively. These results indicate that miRNA-421 has the highest diagnostic accuracy, followed by miR-223, miRNA-21, and miRNA-106 among the 4 microRNAs in GC.

Conclusions:
miR-21, miR-106, miR-421, and miR-223 have good diagnostic efficacy, especially miR-421, could be used as auxiliary diagnostic indicator for GC.
Imaging characteristics of slow-growing soft tissue chondroma of the tongue
Authors: Park Yoonsoo , Kim Ha Youn , Yu In-kyu , Jang Dong-Sik , Kim Joo Heon 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Extraskeletal soft tissue chondroma (STC) is a rare benign tumor. Soft-tissue chondromas rarely occur in the oral cavity. In this study, we aimed to confirm a slow-growing tongue mass using magnetic resonance imaging.

Patient concerns:
A 60-year-old woman presented with a painful, slow-growing tongue mass that had persisted for 17 years. Intraoral examination revealed a pedunculated mass covered with mucosa on the right side of her tongue.

Diagnosis:
CT and MRI revealed a lobulated heterogeneously enhancing mass without calcification. Compared with previous images obtained 17 years prior, the mass presented slow growth, more prominent enhancement, and lobulated contour. Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of STC.

Interventions:
Excision of the mass surrounding normal tissue was performed under general anesthesia.

Outcomes:
During 1-year follow-up period, no recurrence was observed.

Conclusions:
In this study, STC lesions were slow-growing, and changed from weakly homogeneous enhancement and clean margins to markedly heterogeneous enhancement and lobulated margins over time.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Lateralization Surgery for Implant Installation in Atrophic Posterior Mandible With Accessory Mental Foramen: A Challenge for the Usual Technique
Authors: Yoshimoto Marcelo , Marques Gabriel Bueno , Andrade Maristela , Shinohara Elio Hitoshi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Implantology allows edentulous patients to smile and chew with confidence. However, the atrophy at posterior region of the mandible is still a challenge due the presence of the inferior alveolar nerve (iAN). The options of restoration with oral implants in this area with great atrophies are few and hazardous. The possibilities are: bone grafting, short implants, which are not always possible. So, the solution falls on the techniques of inferior alveolar nerve lateralization (IANL) or transposition. The knowledge of the anatomy and path of the IAN is decisive in this type of surgery. But anatomical variations may occur. Like the presence of an accessory mental foramen. This clinical study will present a relatively rare case of the occurrence of an accessory mental foramen that obliged to change the technique of iAN lateralization to contour this anatomical variance and install oral implants, maintaining the integrity of the iAN bundle.
The U-Turn Tournedos (UTT) Flap: A Technical Surgical Evolution for Deep Complex Calvarial Defects
Authors: Lessard Lucie , Zammit Dino 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPatients treated for complex oncological calvarial defects are at a higher risk of severe complications (38%): infection, meningitis, dehiscence, and hardware/brain exposure. The patient cohorts at our center have led to the development of the “U-Turn” technical (UTT) addition of our previously reported turnover “tournedos” myocutaneous latissimus dorsi free flap. This allows for an improved ability to fill these large, round, complex defects, maintaining the safety of our original surgical technique, while improving aesthetic outcomes.A single-institution case series of complex microsurgical reconstructions for full-thickness oncologic calvarial defects using the UTT addition was reviewed. A free 30 cm latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap was harvested, deepithelialized in-situ, and turned over with the dermal component laying on the avascular reconstructed dura. Both ends were positioned next to each other into a U shape and sutured together, creating a 15 cm round paddle.Fifty two complex microsurgical procedures for oncological calvarial defect reconstruction were performed. The 7 most recent were ideal for the UTT addition. There were no instances of microvascular thrombosis, infection, cerebral spinal fluid leak, or major wound healing problems. All procedures provided stable volume and full coverage, with all patients requiring debulking and contouring to achieve optimal aesthetic results. All flaps remained stable after debulking.The UTT addition takes the previously established “tournedos” latissimus dorsi free flap to another level of reconstruction, providing a larger volumetric filler, round shape, better defect filling, better durability, and better aesthetics, even in irradiated and/or infected calvarial chronic wound bed.
Does BMI Matter? A 10-Year Single Institutional Experience on 571 Bariatric Surgery Patients With BMI >50 kg/m2
Authors: Badaoui Joseph N. , Maroun Justin W. , Oyefule Omobolanle O. , Mandrekar Jay , McKenzie Travis J. , Kendrick Michael L. , Kellogg Todd A. , Ghanem Omar M. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
Patients undergoing bariatric surgery with body mass index (BMI) >50 kg/m2 are at a higher risk of surgical morbidity when compared with less obese patients, however, there is limited data correlating surgical risk and efficacy with increasing BMI in patients with severe obesity. We hypothesize that regardless of the degree above 50 kg/m2 their BMI, patients with severe obesity respond similarly to bariatric surgery.

Materials and Methods:
We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with BMI >50 kg/m2 who underwent biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, or sleeve gastrectomy at a single institution. Outcomes were compared in patients with a BMI between 50 and 60 kg/m2 to patients with a BMI >60 kg/m2 and included percent total weight loss as well as early and late complications. Statistical analyses were performed using logistic regression, univariate, and multivariate models.

Results:
There were 571 patients with BMI >50 kg/m2 who underwent bariatric surgery at our center, 170 (29.8%) had a BMI >60 kg/m2. Percent total weight loss was statistically significant between the BMI 50 and 60 kg/m2 and BMI >60 kg/m2 groups at 24 months (P=0.047) but not at 60 months (P=0.54). No significant difference was found in the incidence of early complications in a univariate (P=0.46) or a multivariate (P=0.06) analysis. The BMI >60 subgroup was associated with a higher rate of late complications in univariate analysis (heart rate=2.37; 1.03-5.47, P=0.04), but not in multivariate analysis (P=0.78).

Conclusions:
Efficacy and complication rates of bariatric surgeries are similar in patients with BMI 50 to 60 kg/m2 and >60 kg/m2, providing evidence supporting similar management of patients despite specific subgroups.
Beneficial Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined With Physiotherapy After Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Surgery
Authors: Farrokhi Majid R. , Salehi Sina , Nejabat Negar , Safdari Mohammad , Ramezani Abadeh Hosein 
Published: May 2022

Purpose:
Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is one of the most notable causes of spinal cord impairment among elderly people worldwide. Little is written about the influence of postoperative rehabilitation on recovery of function in patients with CSM. In this study, we assessed the combined effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with physiotherapy and physiotherapy alone on motor and sensory improvement assessed after spinal cord decompression in patients with CSM.

Methods:
This prospective study comprised 52 patients with CSM; they were divided into two randomized groups after spinal cord decompression. The first group (group Ι) includes 26 patients, received a combination of rTMS and physiotherapy. The second group (group ΙΙ) of 26 patients underwent only physiotherapy. The neurologic assessment measures, including American Spinal Cord Injury Association score, modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association score, Ashworth scale, and Nurick grade, were recorded before and after rehabilitation interventions for each patient.

Results:
According to the neurologic assessment measures, physiotherapy with/without rTMS after surgical decompression corresponded to significant improvement of motor function (P < 0. 01) without significant restoration of sensory function (P > 0. 01). Recovery rates of motor function were significantly better in group Ι than in group ΙΙ (P < 0. 01). There was no significant difference between two groups with respect to age (P = 0.162) and sex (P = 1.00).

Conclusions:
Although physiotherapy with/without rTMS improves motor function recovery after CSM surgery, rTMS in combination with physiotherapy leads to a more rapid motor function recovery than physiotherapy alone.
Genetically Adjusted PSA Levels for Prostate Cancer Screening
Authors: Kachuri Linda , Hoffmann Thomas J. , Jiang Yu , Berndt Sonja I. , Shelley John P. , Schaffer Kerry , Machiela Mitchell J. , Freedman Neal D. , Huang Wen-Yi , Li Shengchao A. , Easterlin Ryder , Goodman Phyllis J. , Till Cathee , Thompson Ian , Lilja Hans , Van Den Eeden Stephen K. , Chanock Stephen J. , Haiman Christopher A. , Conti David V. , Klein Robert J. , Mosley Jonathan D. , Graff Rebecca E. , Witte John S. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTProstate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer remains controversial because it increases overdiagnosis and overtreatment of clinically insignificant tumors. Accounting for genetic determinants of constitutive, non-cancer-related PSA variation has potential to improve screening utility. We discovered 128 genome-wide significant associations (P<5×10-8) in a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of 95,768 men and developed a PSA polygenic score (PGSPSA) that explains 9.61% of constitutive PSA variation. We found that in men of European ancestry, using PGS-adjusted PSA would avoid 31% of negative prostate biopsies, but also result in 12% fewer biopsies in patients with prostate cancer, mostly with Gleason score <7 tumors. Genetically adjusted PSA was more predictive of aggressive prostate cancer (odds ratio (OR)=3.44,P=6.2×10-14; AUC=0.755) than unadjusted PSA (OR=3.31,P=1.1×10-12; AUC=0.738) in 106 cases and 23,667 controls. Compared to a prostate cancer PGS alone (AUC=0.712), including genetically adjusted PSA improved detection of aggressive disease (AUC=0.786,P=7.2×10-4). Our findings highlight the potential utility of incorporating PGS for personalized biomarkers in prostate cancer screening.
Clinical measures of balance and gait cannot differentiate somatosensory impairments in people with lower-limb amputation
Authors: Petersen BA , Sparto PJ , Fisher LE 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn addition to a range of functional impairments seen in individuals with a lower-limb amputation, this population is at a substantially elevated risk of falls [1,2]. Studies postulate that the lack of sensory feedback from the prosthetic limb contributes heavily to these impairments, but the extent to which sensation affects functional measures remains unclear [3,4].Research QuestionThe purpose of this study is to determine how sensory impairments in the lower extremities relate to performance with common clinical functional measures of balance and gait in individuals with a lower-limb amputation. Here we evaluate the effects of somatosensory integrity to both clinical and lab measures of static, reactive and dynamic balance, and gait stability.MethodsIn 20 individuals with lower-limb amputation (AMP) and 20 age and gender-matched able-bodied controls (CON), we evaluated the relationship of measures of sensation (pressure, proprioception, and vibration) to measures of balance and gait. Static, reactive, and dynamic balance were assessed using the Sensory Organization Test (SOT), Motor Control Test (MCT), and Functional Gait Assessment (FGA), respectively. Gait stability was assessed through measures of step length asymmetry and step width variability. Sensation was categorized into intact or impaired sensation by pressure thresholds and differences across groups were analyzed.ResultsThere were significant differences between AMP and CON groups for the reliance on vision for static balance in the SOT, MCT, and FGA (p<0.01). Despite these differences across groups, there were no significant differences within the AMP group based on intact or impaired sensation across all functional measures.SignificanceDespite being able to detect differences between able-bodied individuals and individuals with an amputation, these functional measures are unable to distinguish between levels of impairment within participants with an amputation. These findings suggest that more challenging and robust metrics are needed to evaluate the relationship of sensation and function in individuals with an amputation.Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institutes of Health [NINDS Award Number UH3NS100541 and NICHD Award Number F30HD098794]. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily reflect the official views of the National Institutes of Health.