bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: Solís Patricia , Zeballos Marcela 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn an era of global challenges – from climate change to economic unrest to social disruption to pandemics – the need to hear from voices of the next generation of leaders is clear. The time to listen to them is now. The purpose of this book is to assemble, organize, and amplify the knowledge and experiences of some of the world’s young people who are working locally and collectively to use scientific results, geospatial technologies, and multi-national collaboration to address some of the most pressing issues facing their local communities and global society. From every region of the world, students have emerged as leaders in the YouthMappers movement, to study such problems by creating and using open data that has a spatial component. The issues they are addressing with these common tools and methods range across the entire scope of topics known as the Sustainable Development Goals, articulated globally through the United Nations. Not only do YouthMappers create new knowledge and bring unique perspectives and experiences, but they are also proposing and taking action based upon what they see and what they know from the map and from each other.
Visualizing YouthMappers’ Contributions to Environmental Resilience in Latin America
Authors: Walachosky Nayreth , Gómez Cristina , Martínez Karen , Amaya Marianne , Rodríguez Maritza , Centeno Mariela , Anderson Jennings 
Published: November 2022

AbstractYouthMappers throughout Latin America are working to advance the attainment of the SDGs. Our contributions here centre on open data but also the maps and visualized analysis derived from them, which supports making decisions on how to achieve desired development across all seventeen goals. This chapter highlights the contribution of YouthMappers in ways that reduce inequalities around information access in Latin America (SDG 10), meanwhile advancing environmental resilience across the hemisphere, addressing a number of projects promoting biodiversity, conservation, and tourism that improve life on land (SDG 15).
Sustainable Coastal Communities in the Anthropocene: Lessons from Crowd-Mapping Projects in Colombia
Authors: De los ríos-Olarte Yéssica , Peña-Valencia Maria Fernanda , da Silveira Arruda Natalia , Blanco-Libreros Juan Felipe 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe emphasize the need to contribute to the promotion of sustainable coastal communities from the recognition of a new era like the Anthropocene and the role of maps and open data. We want to tell you about how engaged YouthMappers contribute to efforts to achieve the SDGs under the demands of this new era and how maps can be a language that promotes the understanding of key factors of the Anthropocene such as via socioecological systems (SES) and connectivity. Examples of our work with coastal communities showcase addressing SDG 14, life below water, as well as SDG 13, in an era requiring climate action. With our voices, we want to call attention to the importance of observing the world without separating nature and human societies like two different entities, but to see them instead as a tightly interconnected tissue.
Mentoring Experiences in YouthMappers Chapters
Authors: Gidudu Anthony , de Newbill María Adames , Little Jonathon , Brovelli Maria Antonia , Coetzee Serena 
Published: November 2022

AbstractYouthMappers brings together university students coalesced around institutional chapters carrying out collaborative mapping to address humanitarian and development concerns. Beginning at three universities, in six years, YouthMappers has grown into a global movement of nearly 300 chapters in more than 60 countries. This success, in part, is attributed to the strong emphasis on mentorship in the YouthMappers structure. In this book chapter, mentors from Italy in Europe, Panama in Central America, the United States of America in North America, South Africa, and Uganda in Africa share their reflections on the role of mentoring in their YouthMappers chapters. They share about the nature of their chapter activities, how mentoring is effected, what has been successful, and the challenges faced. As YouthMappers continues to grow, the role of mentors will remain central to attaining the YouthMappers mission.
Youth and Humanitarian Action: Open Mapping Partnerships for Disaster Response and the SDGs
Authors: Radford Tyler , Kateregga Geoffrey , Machmud Harry , Redhead Carly , Mwanja Immaculata 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUse of data and digital technologies has dramatically changed the look, feel, and efficacy of humanitarian action over the past decade. Partnerships among data producers and data users in all sectors have increased access to and sharing of data across agencies and responders, and thus amplified the impact of youth in this domain. At the heart of those partnerships are young people, often university students, especially those who make up the YouthMappers network. Our close partnership between YouthMappers and the Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team has not only advanced the global goals for disaster response and for development in their future workplaces and innovations, but also for global goals to enable better alliances across public, private, and nonprofit partnerships.
Generation 2030: The Strategic Imperative of Youth Civic and Political Engagement
Authors: McCabe Michael , Gale Steven 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe young are deeply concerned about the world they will inherit, yet trends indicate that youth globally experience barriers to opportunities for civic engagement, lack of participation access, distrust, and voicelessness on the issues they care about most. The youth want to be more engaged in meeting the development needs of their communities and want to help lead democracy and social justice efforts despite contexts that discourage them. The authors argue for a renewed sense of engagement that is meaningful and puts youth at the center, and in the lead, in ways that capture the energy of a new generation.
Responding to Wicked Tensions and Problems in Practices-Developing Research
Authors: Ødegaard Elin Eriksen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractExperiences from practices-development research, as presented in Part II of this book, identify what we call wicked tensions and problems (Bentley J, Toth. Exploring wicked problems: what they are and why they are important. ArchWay Publishing, 2020). The experienced team from Sweden, Denmark, and Norway have collaborated for many years with early years teachers and the early childhood education and care (ECEC; i.e. in these national contexts, preschool/kindergarten) sector in their efforts to respond to societal problems alongside practitioners. Enhancing meaningful practices in the ECEC sector by creating relevant academic knowledge for and within this sector is a policy expectation in response to the wicked problem of societal problems. In the effort to do so, our experience is that even if this effort is rewarding and new knowledge is created and practices are transformed, a range of tensions occur already from the start of new projects, and we encounter problems we cannot solve as they lie outside our immediate responsibility. Additionally, collaboration can risk violating the standards of research and the traditions of education. This chapter draws on examples from Part II of this book (Wallerstedt, Brooks, Ødegaard & Pramling, this volume). While the projects reported on vary in pedagogical themes, sites, and participants, they share a participatory research design in their efforts to respond to challenges and develop practices while undertaking research. The chapter first elaborates on the nature and challenges of wicked tensions and problems and thereafter identifies some of the tensions and problems reported. The aim of the chapter is to articulate the tensions and problems on a meta-level for further efforts of partnership research. The vision for knowledge development entering practices-development research from the reported projects is clear and similar across the projects. The common vision is to nurture practices for long-term knowledge gains. In this chapter, we suggest that experiences and reflexivity from the collaborative Scandinavian milieus across these projects can articulate some wicked tensions and problems and improve knowledge in this regard. The chapter provides a summary list of recommendations for stakeholders to consider when planning and conducting participatory design research.
Gesamtfazit
Authors: Ritzi Sebastian 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Gang durch die kritische Darstellung und ethisch-fachliche Reflexion, die in dieser Untersuchung unternommen wurde, konnte vor allem aufgezeigt werden, dass FeM ein hochkomplexes Phänomen darstellen, das nicht zuletzt eine große Bandbreite pflegefachlicher und ethischer Fragen aufwirft und schließlich zentrale Vorstellungen und Verständnisse von Personalität, Würde, (Für-)Sorge, Freiheit, Autonomie, Verletzlichkeit, Leiblichkeit – kurzum: von dem, worin Menschsein besteht – berührt. Um aufzuzeigen, wie man Menschen mit Demenz im Rahmen professioneller Sorgebeziehungen auch und gerade in (hoch)komplexen Pflegesituationen, die die Anwendung einer FeM zu erfordern scheinen, gerecht werden kann, bedarf es einer vertieften Auseinandersetzung mit diesen Fragen und Konzeptionen. Die vorliegende Untersuchung sollte im Wesentlichen einen Beitrag zu dieser Auseinandersetzung darstellen. In diesem Kapitel werden streiflichtartig die wichtigsten Gedankengänge und Argumente zusammengefasst, die zu diesem Zweck entwickelt und nachgezeichnet wurden.
3D Time-Lapse Electrical Resistivity Imaging of Rock Damage Patterns and Gas Flow Paths Resulting from Two Underground Chemical Explosions
Authors: Johnson Tim C. , Knox H. A. , Strickland C. , Johnson C. , Lowrey J. , Sprinkle D.P. , Linneman D. , Vermeul V. , Robey E. , Chojnicki K. , Ingraham M. , Feldman J. , Miley H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRock damage from underground nuclear explosions (UNEs) has a strong influence on sub-surface gas movement and on seismic waveform characteristics, both of which are used to detect UNEs. Although advanced numerical simulation capabilities exist to predict rock damage patterns and corresponding detection signals, those predictions are dependent on (generally) unknown properties of the host rock. For example, the effects of in-situ mechanical heterogeneities on the explosively generated damage/fractures that provide gas flow pathways to the surface are not well understood, due largely to the difficulty in accessing and characterizing the near-source region. In this paper we demonstrate the emerging use of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) for imaging rock damage and gas flow patterns resulting from two relatively small-scale underground chemical explosions. Pre-explosion ERT and crosshole seismic imaging revealed a natural fracture zone within the test bed. Post-explosion imaging revealed that the damage zone was non-symmetric and was focused primarily within the pre-existing fracture zone, located 10 m above the first explosion and 5 m above the second explosion. Time-lapse ERT imaging of heated air injected into the detonation borehole revealed the primary gas flow paths to be within the upper margin of the same primary damage zone. These results point to the utility of ERT imaging for understanding rock damage and gas flow patterns under experimental conditions, and to the importance of understanding the effects of geologic heterogeneity on UNE detection signals, particularly gas surface breakthrough times.
A joint Bayesian spatiotemporal risk prediction model of COVID-19 incidence, IC admission, and death with application to Sweden
Authors: Jaya I Gede Nyoman Mindra , Folmer Henk , Lundberg Johan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe three closely related COVID-19 outcomes of incidence, intensive care (IC) admission and death, are commonly modelled separately leading to biased estimation of the parameters and relatively poor forecasts. This paper presents a joint spatiotemporal model of the three outcomes based on weekly data that is used for risk prediction and identification of hotspots. The paper applies a pure spatiotemporal model consisting of structured and unstructured spatial and temporal effects and their interaction capturing the effects of the unobserved covariates. The pure spatiotemporal model limits the data requirements to the three outcomes and the population at risk per spatiotemporal unit. The empirical study for the 21 Swedish regions for the period 1 January 2020–4 May 2021 confirms that the joint model predictions outperform the separate model predictions. The fifteen-week-ahead spatiotemporal forecasts (5 May–11 August 2021) show a significant decline in the relative risk of COVID-19 incidence, IC admission, death and number of hotspots.
In vivo methods for imaging blood–brain barrier function and dysfunction
Authors: Harris William James , Asselin Marie-Claude , Hinz Rainer , Parkes Laura Michelle , Allan Stuart , Schiessl Ingo , Boutin Herve , Dickie Ben Robert 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe blood–brain barrier (BBB) is the interface between the central nervous system and systemic circulation. It tightly regulates what enters and is removed from the brain parenchyma and is fundamental in maintaining brain homeostasis. Increasingly, the BBB is recognised as having a significant role in numerous neurological disorders, ranging from acute disorders (traumatic brain injury, stroke, seizures) to chronic neurodegeneration (Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, small vessel disease). Numerous approaches have been developed to study the BBB in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo. The complex multicellular structure and effects of disease are difficult to recreate accurately in vitro, and functional aspects of the BBB cannot be easily studied ex vivo. As such, the value of in vivo methods to study the intact BBB cannot be overstated. This review discusses the structure and function of the BBB and how these are affected in diseases. It then discusses in depth several established and novel methods for imaging the BBB in vivo, with a focus on MRI, nuclear imaging, and high-resolution intravital fluorescence microscopy.
Utero-vaginal anastomosis in cases of cervical malformations: long-term follow-up and fertility challenges
Authors: Fouad Reham , Zayed Mohamed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To study the long-term results of utero-vaginal anastomosis in cases of cervical malformations.

Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study. Nine patients presented with cryptomenorrhea due to cervical malformations (5 patients with cervical agenesis and vaginal aplasia, 2 patients with cervical agenesis and upper vaginal aplasia, and two patients with cervical dysgenesis in form of cervical obstruction). Five patients had utero-vaginal anastomosis (UVA) with McIndoe vaginoplasty. Four patients had UVA without vaginoplasty. Follow-up was done by transabdominal and/or transvaginal ultrasound monthly for the first 3 months then every 6 months thereafter for a duration that ranged from 15 to 82 months. The main outcome measures are achieving menstruation, dysmenorrhea, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), needed interventions after primary surgery, infertility, and pregnancy rate.

Results
Nine (100%) patients achieved menstruation, one (12%) experienced severe dysmenorrhea, two (22%) had PID, seven (78%) needed dilatation of the anastomosis site, three (33%) needed reoperation, nine (100%) had primary infertility, two (28.5%) achieved clinical pregnancy, and only one (14%) ended by live birth.

Conclusion
Conservative surgery for cervical malformation is a promising choice for relieving the obstructive symptoms. Regular dilatation is recommended. Pregnancy is a remote hope that is hindered by many challenges.
A potential role of salicylic acid in the evolutionary behavior of Trichoderma as a plant pathogen: from Marchantia polymorpha to Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Poveda Jorge , Abril-Urías Patricia , Muñoz-Acero Julia , Nicolás Carlos 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Main conclusion
Recognition of the interaction of Trichoderma during the evolution of land plants plays a potential key role in the development of the salicylic acid defense pathway and the establishment of a mutualistic relationship.

Abstract
Marchantia polymorpha is a common liverwort considered in recent years as a model plant for evolutionary studies on plant–microorganism interactions. Despite the lack of research, remarkable results have been reported regarding the understanding of metabolic and evolutionary processes of beneficial and/or harmful interactions, owing to a better understanding of the origin and evolution of different plant defense pathways. In this study, we have carried out work on the direct and indirect interactions (exudates and volatiles) of M. polymorpha with different species of the fungal genus Trichoderma. These interactions showed different outcomes, including resistance or even growth promotion and disease. We have analyzed the level of tissue colonization and defense-related gene expression. Furthermore, we have used the pteridophyte Dryopteris affinis and the angiosperm Arabidopsis thaliana, as subsequent steps in plant evolution, together with the plant pathogen Rhizoctonia solani as a control of plant pathogenicity. Trichoderma virens, T. brevicompactum and T. hamatum are pathogens of M. polymorpha, while exudates of T. asperellum are harmful to the plant. The analysis of the expression of several defense genes in M. polymorpha and A. thaliana showed that there is a correlation of the transcriptional activation of SA-related genes with resistance or susceptibility of M. polymorpha to Trichoderma. Moreover, exogenous SA provides resistance to the virulent Trichoderma species. This beneficial fungus may have had an evolutionary period of interaction with plants in which it behaved as a plant pathogen until plants developed a defense system to limit its colonization through a defense response mediated by SA.
Differential HLA class I subunit (A, B, C heavy chain and β2-microglobulin) expression levels in normal tissues
Authors: Ugolini Filippo , Szumera-Ciećkiewicz Anna , Baroni Gianna , Nesi Gabriella , Mandalà Mario , Ferrone Soldano , Massi Daniela 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I subunit expression level in primary and metastatic lesions has been characterized in many cancer types utilizing formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections as substrates in immunohistochemical reactions. The evaluation of the results of these studies has been hampered by the scant information about HLA class I subunit expression level in normal tissues. To address this unmet need, we have analyzed the HLA class I subunit expression level in FFPE sections of normal tissues.Two tissue microarray (TMA) blocks were constructed from archived FFPE tissue samples of a wide number of human normal tissues. The expression level of HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C heavy chains and β2-microglobulin (β2-M) was evaluated by IHC staining, with mAb HC-A2, mAb HC-10, and mAb NAMB1, respectively. The staining was scored according to its intensity.According to their staining patterns with the three mAbs tested, normal tissues can be divided into four groups: (i) tissues displaying moderate/strong staining patterns, (ii) tissues displaying barely detectable staining patterns, (iii) tissues displaying differential staining patterns, and (iv) tissues with no detectable staining. The ubiquitous expression pattern for HLA-A, B, C heavy chain and β2-M was found only at the endothelial level; the stroma was negative except for fibroblasts in all the tissues analyzed. Our data suggest that, contrary to the general postulate, HLA class I subunit expression is not detectable in all nucleated cells. This information provides a useful background to evaluate changes in HLA class I subunit expression associated with the malignant transformation of cells.
Quantification of bowel ischaemia using real-time multispectral Single Snapshot Imaging of Optical Properties (SSOP)
Authors: Rodríguez-Luna María Rita , Okamoto Nariaki , Cinelli Lorenzo , Baratelli Luca , Ségaud Silvère , Rodríguez-Gómez Adriana , Keller Deborah S. , Zonoobi Elham , Bannone Elisa , Marescaux Jacques , Diana Michele , Gioux Sylvain 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Single snapshot imaging of optical properties (SSOP) is a relatively new non-invasive, real-time, contrast-free optical imaging technology, which allows for the real-time quantitative assessment of physiological properties, including tissue oxygenation (StO2). This study evaluates the accuracy of multispectral SSOP in quantifying bowel ischaemia in a preclinical experimental model.

Methods
In six pigs, an ischaemic bowel segment was created by dividing the arcade branches. Five regions of interest (ROIs) were identified on the bowel loop, as follows: ROI 1: central ischaemic; ROI 2: left marginal; ROI 3: left vascularised; ROI 4: right marginal; and ROI 5: right vascularised. The Trident imaging system, specifically developed for real-time tissue oxygenation imaging using SSOP, was used to image before (T0) and after ischaemia induction. Capillary and systemic lactates were measured at each time point (T0, T15, T30, T45, T60), as well as StO2 values acquired by means of SSOP (SSOP-StO2).

Results
The mean value of SSOP-StO2 in ROI 1 was 30.08 ± 6.963 and was significantly lower when compared to marginal ROIs (ROI 2 + ROI 4: 45.67 ± 10.02 p =  < 0.0001), and to vascularised ROIs (ROI 3 + ROI 5: 48.08 ± 7.083 p =  < 0.0001).
SSOP-StO2 was significantly correlated with normalised lactates r = − 0.5892 p < 0.0001 and with histology r =− 0.6251 p = 0.0002.

Conclusion
Multispectral SSOP allows for a contrast-free accurate assessment of small bowel perfusion identifying physiological tissue oxygenation as confirmed with perfusion biomarkers.
Varieties of visual navigation in insects
Authors: Freas Cody A. , Spetch Marcia L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe behaviours and cognitive mechanisms animals use to orient, navigate, and remember spatial locations exemplify how cognitive abilities have evolved to suit a number of different mobile lifestyles and habitats. While spatial cognition observed in vertebrates has been well characterised in recent decades, of no less interest are the great strides that have also been made in characterizing and understanding the behavioural and cognitive basis of orientation and navigation in invertebrate models and in particular insects. Insects are known to exhibit remarkable spatial cognitive abilities and are able to successfully migrate over long distances or pinpoint known locations relying on multiple navigational strategies similar to those found in vertebrate models—all while operating under the constraint of relatively limited neural architectures. Insect orientation and navigation systems are often tailored to each species’ ecology, yet common mechanistic principles can be observed repeatedly. Of these, reliance on visual cues is observed across a wide number of insect groups. In this review, we characterise some of the behavioural strategies used by insects to solve navigational problems, including orientation over short-distances, migratory heading maintenance over long distances, and homing behaviours to known locations. We describe behavioural research using examples from a few well-studied insect species to illustrate how visual cues are used in navigation and how they interact with non-visual cues and strategies.