bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An intelligent algorithm based on weighted similarity distances for multiple contributing prescription recognition: SIAP
Authors: Wang Yifei , Xu Julia , Zhang Jie , Xu Hong , Sun Yuzhong , Miao Yuan , Wen Tiancai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background. Patients with chronic diseases, especially the elderly, often suffer from more than one disease in clinical practice. Different diseases have different clinical manifestations for different patients. Doctors normally will identify the primary and the secondary diseases, and then organise the corresponding medication, their dosage and duration that suit the patient best. The complex considerations present a challenge in standardization and optimization of prescriptions. What have been recorded in the medical record systems are just all the medicine prescribed, without information on the medicines for individual diseases. Therefore, being able to analyze the medical records and identify the composition of the medicines for different diseases is essential for further analysis and standardization. Methods. In this study, we developed a Subgroup Identification Algorithm for complex Prescriptions, SIAP. The algorithm can identify the‘sub’prescriptions for each diseases from a complex prescription for all the diseases. The approach firstly established a standard prescription database based on prescriptions in guidelines and expert consensus. Each disease has one or several standard prescriptions. Each prescription has a number medicines, each with a weight according to its importance. Given a complex prescription, SIAP matches its subsets to the standard prescription database with more weights assigned to medicines of higher priority, and iterate the algorithm to ind the optimal match. We collected 376 standard prescriptions (formulas) for the corresponding diseases. We further collected 1438 complex prescriptions from the clinic record system. SIAP has been verified over the data collected, in two variants of the algorithm, SIAP-All and SIAP+All. The accuracy, recall and F1 values were used to judge the merits of SIAP-All and SIAP+All algorithms, and compared to the baseline algorithm ISR. Results. Both of the SIAP-All and SIAP+All algorithms outperformed the benchmark algorithm ISR in terms of accuracy, recall, and F1 value. Particularly, the F1 values are 0.7568 for SIAP-All and 0.7799 for SIAP+All, improved 8.73% and 11.04% correspondingly over the benchmark algorithm ISR. Conclusion. The results show that the SIAP significantly outperforms the benchmark algorithm ISR. This research can help to identify and analyze medicine combinations in complex prescriptions, laid a foundation for its optimization or standardization.
Forecasting Call and Chat Volumes at Online Helplines for Mental Health
Authors: de Boer Tim Rens , Mérelle Saskia , Bhulai Sandjai , Gilissen Renske , Mei Rob van der 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundEach year, many help seekers in need contact health helplines for mental support. For this, it is crucial that they receive support immediately, and that waiting times are minimal. In order to minimize delay, it is necessary that helplines have adequate staffing levels, especially during peak hours. This has raised the need for means to accurately predict the call and chat volumes ahead of time. Motivated by this, in this paper we analyze real-life data to develop models for accurately forecasting call volumes, for both phone and chat conversations for online mental health support. MethodsThis research was conducted on real call and chat data (properly anonymized) provided by 113 Suicide Prevention [1] (throughout referred to as ‘113’), the online helpline for suicide prevention in the Netherlands. Chat and phone call data was analyzed to obtain a better understanding of the important factors that influence the call arrival process. These factors were then used as input to several Machine Learning (ML) models to forecast the number of arrivals. Next to that, senior counsellors of the helpline completed a web-based questionnaire after each shift to assess their perception of the workload.ResultsThis study has led to a number of remarkable and important insights. First, the most important factors that determine the call volumes for the helpline are the yearly trend and weekly and daily cyclic patterns (cycles), while monthly and yearly cycles were found to be non-significant predictors for the number of phone and chat conversations. Second, media events which were included in this study only have limited - and only short-term - impact on the call volumes. Third, so-called (S)ARIMA models are shown to lead to the most accurate prediction in case of short-term forecasting, while simple linear models work the best for long-term forecasting. Fourth, questionnaires filled in by senior counselors show that the experienced workload is mostly correlated to the number of chat conversations in comparison to phone calls and not to the staffing level. Conclusion(S)ARIMA models can best be used to forecast the number of chats and phone calls on daily basis with a MAPE of less than 10 in short-term forecasting. These models perform better than other models showing that the number of arrivals is dependent on historical data. These forecasts can be used as support for the planning of the number of counselors needed.
microRNA-5195-3p mediated malignant biological behavior of insulin-resistant liver cancer cells via SOX9 and TPM4
Authors: Yan Jing , Xie Bei , Tian Ye , An Wenqin , Peng Zhiheng , Liu Zhuan , Li Jing , Li Linjing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Primary liver cancer is a malignant tumor of the digestive system, ranking second in cancer mortality in China. In different types of cancer, such as liver cancer, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be dysregulated. However, little is known about the role of miR-5195-3p in insulin resistant liver cancer. Methods and Results: In this study, in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to discover the altered biological behavior of insulin resistant hepatoma cells (HepG2/IR) and we proved that HepG2/IR cells had stronger malignant biological behavior. Functional experiments exhibited that enhanced expression of miR-5195-3p could inhibit the proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and chemo-resistance of HepG2/IR cells, while impaired expression of miR-5195-3p in HepG2 cells showed the opposite results. Bioinformatics prediction and dual luciferase reporter gene assay proved that SOX9 and TPM4 were the target genes of miR-5195-3p in hepatoma cells. Conclusions: In conclusion, our study demonstrated that miR-5195-3p played a critical role in insulin resistant hepatoma cells and might be a potential therapeutic target for liver cancer.
Plant and animal protein intake and its association with depression, anxiety, and stress among Iranian women
Authors: Sheikhi Ali , Siassi Fereydoun , Djazayery Abolghassem , Guilani Bijan , Azadbakht Leila 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Mental disorders are conditions that affect the usual function of the brain, causing a huge burden on societies. The causes are often unclear, but previous research has pointed out, as is the case with many other diseases, that nutrition could have a major role in it. Amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, are the main precursor of neurotransmitters (the chemical messengers in the brain) malfunction of which is heavily associated with a wide range of brain disorders.
Methods
We assumed different sources of dietary protein could have different impacts on mental wellbeing. Hence, we decided to collect the nutritional data (with a validated and reliable semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire) from a sample of 489 Iranian women and investigate the association between animal and plant protein sources and the risk of depression, anxiety, and stress. Symptoms of these mental disorders were assessed using a validated Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales (DASS) questionnaire with 21 items.
Results
After multivariable adjustment, it was shown that women in the highest tertile of animal protein intake were more likely to show symptoms of depression (OR: 2.63; 95% CI: 1.45, 4.71; P = 0.001), anxiety (OR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.04, 3.22; P = 0.03), and stress (OR: 3.66; 95% CI: 2.06, 6.50; p < 0.001). while no significant association was seen between plant protein and any of the studied mental disorders.
Conclusion
Overall, our findings suggest that a diet high in animal protein could predispose individuals to mental illnesses.
USP25 inhibits renal fibrosis by regulating TGFβ-SMAD signaling pathway in Ang II-induced hypertensive mice
Authors: Liang Guang , Zhao Ying , Chen Xi , Lin Yimin , Li Zhongding , Su Xian , Ye Bozhi , Chen Yanghao , Fan Shijie , Wang Xu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a crucial pathological feature of hypertensive renal disease (HRD). In-depth analysis of the pathogenesis of fibrosis is of great significance for the development of new drugs for the treatment of HRD. USP25 is a deubiquitinase that can regulate the progression of many diseases, but its function in the kidney remains unclear. We found that USP25 was significantly increased in human and mouse HRD kidney tissues. In the HRD model induced by Ang II, USP25−/− mice showed significant aggravation of renal dysfunction and fibrosis compared with the control mice. Consistently, AAV9-mediated overexpression of USP25 significantly improved renal dysfunction and fibrosis. Mechanistically, USP25 inhibited the TGF-β pathway by reducing SMAD4 k63-linked polyubiquitination, thereby suppressing SMAD2 nuclear translocation. In conclusion, this study demonstrates for the first time that the deubiquitinase USP25 plays an important regulatory role in HRD.
Thermodynamics Driving Phytochemical Self-assembly Morphological Change and Antibacterial Enhancement Originated from Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Liu Xiaojing , Lin Xiaoyu , Huang Xuemei , Yuan Zhihua , Zhang Yaozhi , Wang Zhijia , Pi Wenmin , Zhao Haoqiang , Lei Haimin , Wang Penglong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Improving the clinical efficacy of the existing drugs by self-assembled strategy is the focus of current research. Herbal formula granule is a kind of modern dosage form of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) which has sprung up in recent decades. However, whether it is equivalent to the TCM decoction that has been used for thousands of years has always been a controversial issue. In this paper, taking the herb pair of Coptidis Rhizoma - Scutellariae Radix and its main component berberine - baicalin as examples, the differences and mechanisms of self-assemblies originated from the co-decoction and physical mixture were studied, respectively. Moreover, combining multi technologies, the relationship between the morphology and antibacterial effects of self-assemblies was illuminated. Our study revealed that the physical mixture’s morphology of both the herb pair and the phytochemicals was nanofibers (NFs), while their co-decoction’s morphology was nanospheres (NPs). And driven by thermal energy, the antibacterial activity also enhanced with the change of self-assemblies’ morphology. This might be attributed to that NPs could influence amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism in bacteria. Current study provides a basis that co-decoction maybe beneficial to enhance activity and reasonable use of herbal formula granule in clinic.
Exploring the acceptability and experience of receiving diabetes and pregnancy care via telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Authors: Kozica-Olenski Samantha , Soldatos Georgia , Marlow Lindy , Cooray Shamil , Boyle Jacqueline 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the delivery of diabetes in pregnancy care and general maternity care. This study aimed to explore the experiences and acceptability of telehealth use in diabetes in pregnancy care during the COVID-19 pandemic, from the perspectives of pregnant women and their clinicians. The secondary aim was to assess differences in telehealth experiences for diabetes and general maternity care.
Methods
In-depth qualitative semi-structured interviews were undertaken and analysed via thematic inductive approaches. The Nonadoption, Abandonment, and Challenges to the Scale-Up, Spread, and Sustainability of Health and Care Technologies Framework (NASSS) was applied.
Results
18 interviews were conducted with culturally and linguistically diverse pregnant women and 4 clinicians (endocrinologists and dietitians). All interviewees were satisfied with telehealth as a positive alternative to face-to-face consultations for diabetes care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Numerous benefits of delivering diabetes care via telehealth were discussed and themes centred around greater access to care, economic benefits and improved safety. Most barriers concerned the adopters (clinicians), yet, feasible and realistic suggestions to overcome barriers were voiced. The scope for technology adaptation and ongoing embedment into routine diabetes care was described. Overall, a hybrid flexible delivery model, predominantly consisting of telephone consultations, with some face-to-face consultations for initial diabetes appointments was recommended for future care. The use of telehealth in replacement of face-to-face appointments for general maternity care was perceived as reducing care quality.
Conclusion
In this study, telehealth was viewed as acceptable to women and clinicians for diabetes in pregnancy care, supporting the ongoing delivery of a hybrid service model of telehealth and face-to-face care. These findings provide valuable information to improve diabetes in pregnancy services to meet the needs of women during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.
Developing a New Monte Carlo Algorithm as an Alternative Tool to Simulate Virtual Source Model on an Elekta Versa Hd Linac
Authors: CAN Sümeyra , ŞAHİNER Eren , KARACETİN DİDEM , Meric Niyazi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

The aim of this study is to develop in-house Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm as an alternative tool to simulate all mechanisms of interactions for dose calculation in radiation therapy. Additionally, evaluating the MC-SCAN algorithm with beam modeling of Elekta VersaHD Linac was aimed. Mohan 6 MV photon spectrum was used and the source was modeled as a point source. The absorbed dose is calculated via modeling all interaction mechanisms to gain energy deposition. TPR20/10, PDD, photon profile of different field sizes as well as point dose was calculated after that, a comparison of all the achieved results with experimental measurements went through. The difference between calculated mean energy and theoretical one was obtained < 1%. The calculated TPR20/10 value was (0.685 ± 0.03). The difference between experimental PDD and photon profile, and the calculated ones by new model was < 3% for all field sizes. A new MC algorithm can be used as an alternative tool to simulate virtual source model on an Elekta VersaHD Linac. All calculated values turned out to present the difference between experimental measurements to be < 3% for homogeneous mediums. Nonetheless, further research was needed to be done for the better improvement.
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Gene Therapy Alleviates Disease Phenotypes in a Murine Model of Danon Disease
Authors: Chen Chao , Hashem Sherin I. , Sharma Jay , Manso Ana Maria , Bushway Paul , Duran Jason M. , Gault Emily C. , Gu Yusu , Nigenda Jose Roberto Cano , Soto-Hermida Angel , Peterson Kirk L. , Saftig Paul , Evans Sylvia M. , Cherqui Stephanie , Adler Eric D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Danon disease is a fatal X-linked recessive disease caused by a lack of expression of the lysosomal associated membrane protein type 2 (LAMP2), leading to severe vacuolar cardiomyopathy. Most patients with Danon progress to end-stage heart failure or death without advanced therapies. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of systemic transplantation of ex vivo gene-modified Lamp2-/- (Lamp2 KO) hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) using a lentiviral vector containing the human LAMP2B transgene, pCCL-LAMP2B, in the mouse model of Danon disease, Lamp2 KO mice. Transplanted pCCL-LAMP2B-HSPCs efficiently engrafted and differentiated into macrophages in heart. LAMP2B was found in cardiomyocytes and improved cardiac systolic as well as locomotor functions were observed in pCCL-LAMP2B-HSPCs recipient mice compared to non-treated or Lamp2 KO mice receiving Lamp2 KO HSPCs. In addition, we also demonstrated that pCCL-LAMP2B-HSPCs rescued autophagic flux and activity in the heart. In vitro, we cocultured WT macrophages with Lamp2 KO fibroblasts and observed transfer of LAMP2B and rescue of the autophagic flux in the diseased cells confirming cross-correction despite LAMP2B being a lysosomal transmembrane protein.
Artificial intelligence-based iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis detection using a clinical approach
Authors: Seo Jae Won , Park Suyoung , Kim Young Jae , Hwang Jung Han , Yu Sung Hyun , Kim Jeong Ho , Kim Kwang Gi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Early diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis is essential for reducing complications, such as recurrent pulmonary embolism and venous thromboembolism. There are numerous studies on enhancing efficiency of computer-aided diagnosis, but clinical diagnostic approaches have never been considered. In this study, we evaluated the performance of an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm in the detection of iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis on computed tomography angiography of the lower extremities to investigate the effectiveness of using the clinical approach during the feature extraction process of the AI algorithm. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we created synthesized images to consider practical diagnostic procedures and applied them to the convolutional neural network-based RetinaNet model. We compared and analyzed the performances based on the model’s backbone and data. The performance of the model was as follows: ResNet50: sensitivity = 0.843 (± 0.037), false positives per image = 0.608 (± 0.139); ResNet152 backbone: sensitivity = 0.839 (± 0.031), false positives per image = 0.503 (± 0.079). The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the suggested method in using computed tomography angiography of the lower extremities, and improving the reporting efficiency of the critical iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis cases.
Profiling human pathogenic repeat expansion regions by synergistic and multi-level impacts on molecular connections
Authors: Fan Cong , Chen Ken , Wang Yukai , Ball Edward V. , Stenson Peter D. , Mort Matthew , Bacolla Albino , Kehrer-Sawatzki Hildegard , Tainer John A. , Cooper David N. , Zhao Huiying 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background and Motivation: Whilst DNA repeat expansions cause numerous heritable human disorders, their origins and underlying pathological mechanisms are often unclear.Method: We collated a dataset comprising 224 human repeat expansions encompassing 203 different genes, and performed a systematic analysis with respect to key features at the DNA-, RNA- and protein-levels. Comparison with controls without known pathogenicity and genomic regions lacking repeats, allowed the construction of the first model to discriminate repeat regions harboring pathogenic repeat expansions (DPREx).Results: At the DNA level, pathogenic repeat expansions exhibited stronger signals for DNA regulatory factors (e.g. H3K4me3, transcription factor-binding sites) in exons, promoters, 5’UTRs, and 5’genes but not significantly different in introns, 3’UTRs and 3’genes than controls. At the RNA-level, pathogenic repeat expansions showed lower free energy for forming RNA secondary structure and were closer to splice sites in introns, exons, promoters and 5’genes than controls. At the protein level, pathogenic repeat expansions preferred to form coil than other types of secondary structures, and tended to encode surface-located protein domains. Additionally, pathogenic repeat expansions were also enriched in non-B DNA structures. Guided by these features, DPREx (http://biomed.nscc-gz.cn/zhaolab/geneprediction/#/) achieved an Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of 0.88 in an independent dataset test. Conclusion: Pathogenic repeat expansions are located so as to exert a synergistic, multi-level influence on stress responses and inter-molecular connections involving DNA, RNA and proteins, thereby impacting the relationship between genotype and clinical phenotype.
Knowing and working on care-seeking barriers are vital towards ending TB by 2035: Lessons from a qualitative study on stakeholders’ perceptions and experiences of the social and financial consequences of Tuberculosis Care-seeking in Mbeya and Songwe Regions, Tanzania
Authors: Kilima Stella , Mubyazi Godfrey , Moolla Aneesa , Ntinginya Nyanda , Sabi Issa , Mwanyonga Simeoni , Evans Denise 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains among the top infectious and killer diseases both globally and in Tanzania. However, research on its social determinants and the consequences of the disease on patients, survivors and their families in Tanzania are limited. More studies are needed in order to narrow the evidence gap for policy and program benefits, both in Tanzania and beyond. Methods: A qualitative research study was undertaken in two regions of Tanzania: Mbeya and Songwe. In-depth interviews were undertaken with individual TB patients and survivors. An interview guide with open ended questions was used. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Field notes were also taken, and thematic analysis were performed to identify key themes and sub-themes.Results: A total of 18 TB patients and 12 TB survivors took part in the interviews. Most participants reported financial and social strains; being mutually reinforcing, these strains influenced their treatment-seeking behaviours. Financial difficulties related to transportation or for actual medical services contributed to late treatment initiation or deferred TB clinic attendance. Money spent for care at the referred facility, and lost income and/or lost food generation activity while seeking care, were found to result in family food insecurity and shortage of cash for other essential needs, including (but not limited to) non-TB-related illnesses. Many community members associated TB with HIV. As a result, TB patients often experienced social stigma and discrimination, which resulted in additional financial and psychological strain. Some individuals chose traditional and spiritual medicines for TB care. This approach was found to cost the respective clients, both financially and psychologically.Conclusion: This study suggests that it is essential to understand and address the social and financial challenges experienced by TB patients and TB survivors during treatment. TB is a manageable condition. Improved medical treatment needs to be coupled with improved and sustained public education about the disease, its negative outcomes, and the need to take preventive and curative measures. This study also confirms the need to consider access to food; free treatment of other co-morbidities, such as diabetes; and reducing the duration of TB treatment if at all possible.