bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID‐19 and a “crisis of care”: A feminist analysis of public policy responses to paid and unpaid care and domestic work
Authors: CAMILLETTI Elena , NESBITT‐AHMED Zahrah 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has highlighted gender inequalities, increasing the amount of unpaid care weighing on women and girls, and the vulnerabilities faced by paid care workers, often women working informally. Using a global database on social protection responses to COVID‐19 that focuses on social assistance, social insurance and labour market programmes, this article considers whether and how these responses have integrated care considerations. Findings indicate that, although many responses addressed at least one aspect of care (paid or unpaid), very few countries have addressed both types of care, prompting a discussion of the implications of current policy responses to COVID‐19 (and beyond) through a care lens.
Modulation of photosynthesis under salinity and the role of mineral nutrients in Jatropha curcas L.
Authors: Bezerra‐Neto Egídio , Coelho José Benjamin Machado , Jarma‐Orozco Alfredo , Rodríguez‐Páez Luis Alfonso , Pompelli Marcelo F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractJatropha curcas is a common species in Brazil, potentially being an option to produce oil for bioenergetic purposes. Around the world, J. curcas has been cultivated in areas of low fertility, in the presence of salts, and with the use of brackish groundwater. Salt stress can hinder the absorption of nutrients and allow entry of ions in toxic concentrations, affecting the development and productivity of plants. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of salinity on the gaseous exchange and the dynamics of some mineral nutrients in the leaves, stems and roots of J. curcas, subjected to two levels of NaCl (0 and 150 mM) in four genotypes: CNPAE183 (tolerant‐like), JCAL171 (sensitive‐like) and CNPAE133 and CNPAE266 (confused responses to tolerance). Salt treatment promotes a strong reduction in photosynthesis and plant height in all genotypes, although more drastic in CNPAE266 (77.5% and 70% respectively). Additionally, NaCl reduced the content of manganese, calcium, potassium and phosphorus in the leaves, elements linked to gas exchange. The salt‐tolerant‐like (CNPAE183) and salt‐sensitive‐like (JCAL171) transcriptome matched the applied sequences, with few chimeric sequences and novel transcripts with no similarities.
Bipolar high‐power impulse magnetron sputtering synthesis of high‐entropy carbides
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Delower , Borman Trent , Mcllwaine Nathaniel Seymour , Maria Jon‐Paul 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this study, we report high‐entropy carbides synthesis with reactive bipolar high‐power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS). Uncontrolled microstructure and stoichiometry development with reactive gas flow rate are major limitations of conventional direct current (DC) and radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering of multicomponent carbides. With HiPIMS these chemically disordered crystals structurally and compositionally transform from a carbon‐deficient metallic (C/M < 1), to a stoichiometric ceramic zone (C/M ∼ 1), and to a nanocomposite embodiment (C/M > 1), as a function of the carbon content during HiPIMS deposition. X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and nanoindentation hardness measurements are combined to demonstrate the three regions of synthesis domain. HiPIMS provides access to metallic, ceramic, and composite carbides with great control over the microstructure and stoichiometry, which is elusive in case of conventional DC and RF magnetron sputtering. Notably, the stoichiometric ceramic zone maintains a constant carbon to metal ratio (C/M ∼ 1) over an extended amount of methane flow before transitioning to a nanocomposite microstructure (C/M > 1). The transition zone breadth depends on materials affinity for carbon that correlates with valence electron concentration (VEC). As such, synthesis conditions for new high‐entropy carbides can be understood and predicted based on VEC.
No elephant in the room: The incremental validity of implicit self‐esteem measures
Authors: Jusepeitis Adrian , Rothermund Klaus 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveCorrelational research aiming to validate measures and the construct of implicit self‐esteem (ISE) has produced heterogeneous results in the past. We argue that this might be caused by two underappreciated obstacles: the situational malleability of and the construct irrelevant variance in conventional ISE measures. In this study, we aim to address these problems.MethodsTo this end, we applied process and latent state‐trait modeling to Implicit Association Test and Name Letter Task data collected on four occasions across six weeks in a preregistered online study (initial N = 360, final N = 302). We investigated the relation of supposed trait ISE parameters with trait explicit self‐esteem (ESE) and a set of criteria.ResultsResults indicated no latent trait correlation among the different supposed indicators of ISE, small latent trait correlations of indicators of ISE and ESE, and little incremental validity of the supposed ISE measures in predicting potential criterion measures over and above ESE.ConclusionsThese findings align with previous critical evaluations regarding the supposed measures of ISE and the conceptual validity of ISE as an association and call for a more careful terminology in the field.
Activation of melatonin receptor 1 by CRISPR‐Cas9 activator ameliorates cognitive deficits in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model
Authors: Park Hanseul , Kim Jongpil 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of neurotoxic beta‐amyloid (Aβ) in the brain. Melatonin receptors have been reported to associate with aging and AD, and their expression decreased with the progression of AD. As an alternative to AD treatment, overexpression of melatonin receptors may lead to melatonin‐like effects to treat alleviate the symptoms of AD. Here, we successfully activated the type 1 melatonin receptor (Mt1) in vivo brain using a Cas9 activator as a novel AD therapeutic strategy. The Cas9 activator efficiently activated the endogenous Mt1 gene in the brain. Activation of Mt1 via Cas9 activators modulated anti‐amyloidogenic and anti‐inflammatory roles in 5xFAD AD mice brain. Moreover, activation of Mt1 with the CRISPR/Cas9 activator improved cognitive deficits in an AD model. These results demonstrated the therapeutic potential of melatonin receptor activation via CRISPR/Cas9 activator for AD.
Fifteen emerging challenges and opportunities for vegetation science: A horizon scan by early career researchers
Authors: Yannelli Florencia A. , Bazzichetto Manuele , Conradi Timo , Pattison Zarah , Andrade Bianca O. , Anibaba Quadri Agbolade , Bonari Gianmaria , Chelli Stefano , Ćuk Mirjana , Damasceno Gabriella , Fantinato Edy , Geange Sonya R. , Guuroh Reginald Tang , Holle Mukhlish Jamal Musa , Küzmič Filip , Lembrechts Jonas J. , Mosyaftiani Amarizni , Šikuljak Tijana , Teixeira Juliana , Tordoni Enrico , Pérez‐Valladares Cloe X. , Sperandii Marta G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWith the aim to identify future challenges and opportunities in vegetation science, we brought together a group of 22 early career vegetation scientists from diverse backgrounds to perform a horizon scan. In this contribution, we present a selection of 15 topics that were ranked by participants as the most emergent and impactful for vegetation science in the face of global change. We highlight methodological tools that we expect will play a critical role in resolving emerging issues by providing ways to unveil new aspects of plant community dynamics and structure. These tools include next generation sequencing, plant spectral imaging, process‐based species distribution models, resurveying studies and permanent plots. Further, we stress the need to integrate long‐term monitoring, the study of novel ecosystems, below‐ground traits, pollination interactions and global networks of near‐surface microclimate data at fine spatio‐temporal resolutions to fully understand and predict the impacts of climate change on vegetation dynamics. We also emphasize the need to integrate traditional forms of knowledge and a diversity of stakeholders into research, teaching, management and policy‐making to advance the field of vegetation science. The conclusions reached by this horizon scan naturally reflect the background, expertise and interests of a representative pool of early career vegetation scientists, which should serve as basis for future developments in the field.
Bactericidal and antioxidant effects of essential oils from Satureja montana L., Myristica fragrans H. and Cymbopogon flexuosus
Authors: Rezende D.A.d.C.S. , Oliveira C.D. , Batista L.R. , Ferreira V.R.F. , Brandão R.M. , Caetano A.R.S. , Alves M.V.P. , Cardoso M.G. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The extraction and characterization of the essential oils (EO) from Satureja montana L., Myristica fragrans H. and Cymbopogon flexuosus and the determination of their antibacterial and antioxidant activities were achieved. The EO were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and quantified by gas chromatography using a flame ionization detector. The antibacterial potential against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated by cell susceptibility assays and by scanning electron microscopy. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay, by β-carotene bleaching and by determining the reducing power. Borneol (36·18%), γ-terpineol (12·66%) and carvacrol (11·07%) were the principal components in the EO from S. montana, and sabinene (49·23%) and α-pinene (13·81%) were found in the EO from M. fragrans. Geranial (59·66%) and neral (38·98%) isomers were the only major components in the EO from C. flexuosus. The EO from S. montana was effective against E. coli, with minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) of 6·25 µl ml−1, whereas bactericidal potential against both was observed for the EO from M. fragrans; MIC = 6·25 µl ml−1 for S. aureus and MBC = 12·5 µl ml−1 for E. coli. A significant protective role on lipid substrates in the β-carotene bleaching assay was seen for the EO from S. montana and M. fragrans. Overall, such EO can be promising agents against pathogenic bacteria and for protecting biomolecules during oxidative stress.
A CysB regulator positively regulates cysteine synthesis, expression of type III secretion system genes, and pathogenicity in Ralstonia solanacearum
Authors: Chen Min , Zhang Weiqi , Han Liangliang , Ru Xuejuan , Cao Yuzhu , Hikichi Yasufumi , Ohnishi Kouhei , Pan Guanghui , Zhang Yong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA syringe‐like type III secretion system (T3SS) plays essential roles in the pathogenicity of Ralstonia solanacearum, which is a causal agent of bacterial wilt disease on many plant species worldwide. Here, we characterized functional roles of a CysB regulator (RSc2427) in R. solanacearum OE1‐1 that was demonstrated to be responsible for cysteine synthesis, expression of the T3SS genes, and pathogenicity of R. solanacearum. The cysB mutants were cysteine auxotrophs that failed to grow in minimal medium but grew slightly in host plants. Supplementary cysteine substantially restored the impaired growth of cysB mutants both in minimal medium and inside host plants. Genes of cysU and cysI regulons have been annotated to function for R. solanacearum cysteine synthesis; CysB positively regulated expression of these genes. Moreover, CysB positively regulated expression of the T3SS genes both in vitro and in planta through the PrhG to HrpB pathway, whilst impaired expression of the T3SS genes in cysB mutants was independent of growth deficiency under nutrient‐limited conditions. CysB was also demonstrated to be required for exopolysaccharide production and swimming motility, which contribute jointly to the host colonization and infection process of R. solanacearum. Thus, CysB was identified here as a novel regulator on the T3SS expression in R. solanacearum. These results provide novel insights into understanding of various biological functions of CysB regulators and complex regulatory networks on the T3SS in R. solanacearum.
Genetic and epigenetic studies in non‐syndromic oral clefts
Authors: Alade Azeez , Awotoye Waheed , Butali Azeez 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe etiology of non‐syndromic oral clefts (NSOFC) is complex with genetics, genomics, epigenetics, and stochastics factors playing a role. Several approaches have been applied to understand the etiology of non‐syndromic oral clefts. These include linkage, candidate gene association studies, genome‐wide association studies, whole‐genome sequencing, copy number variations, and epigenetics. In this review, we shared these approaches, genes, and loci reported in some studies.
Thoracic epidural analgesia and immediate extubation for less than 10 kg infants undergoing living donor liver transplantation: A report of two successful cases
Authors: Diaz Rodrigo , Gouvêa Glauber , Spiller Camila Santos , Chevi Débora , Carneiro Fernanda Cavalcanti , Alheira Alice , Pureza Ana Luiza , Steinbrück Klaus , Fernandes Reinaldo , Neves Douglas Bastos , Enne Marcelo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundPerioperative pain management in small infants weighing <10 kg undergoing liver transplantation is challenging. The use of TEA in this setting has not been reported, as well as its potential role to facilitate IE, ie, in the OR.MethodsWe describe here the use of TEA in two small infants who had IE after a LDLT procedure.ResultsTEA was successfully performed and IE was achieved in both cases. Postoperative analgesia assessment in the OR was satisfactory according to the FLACC pain scale, with scores of 2 and 3 for each patient, respectively. There were no major complications in the postoperative period, and the two children were discharged home uneventfully.ConclusionsThe use of TEA and its influence on IE rate and other perioperative outcomes should be more explored in small infants undergoing LDLT.
Gender identity and relative income within households: evidence from Sweden*
Authors: Hederos Karin , Stenberg Anders 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn their study of relative income within US households, Bertrand et al. (2015, Quarterly Journal of Economics 130, 571–614) show that the distribution of the wife's share of household income drops sharply where the wife starts earning more than her husband. They attribute the drop to a gender norm prescribing that a wife's income should not exceed her husband's income. We document a similar drop in Swedish data. However, we also show that there is a spike where spouses earn exactly the same. Excluding the equal‐earning spouses, the drop is small and mostly statistically insignificant. We conclude that, if anything, we find only weak evidence that Swedish couples comply with this gender norm.
Military mental health professionals’ suicide risk assessment and management before and after experiencing a patient’s suicide
Authors: Yunik Noam Paz , Schiff Miriam , Barzilay Shira , Yavnai Nirit , Ben Yehuda Ariel , Shelef Leah 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study examines the association between a patient's suicide and the therapist's suicide risk assessment (SRA) and suicide risk management (SRM) of patients, following the occurrence.MethodSRA values range from “absence of suicidality” to “immediate suicidal intent to die”. SRM consists of therapists’ written recommendations. Rates of the various SRA and SRM values in therapists’ evaluations were assessed 6‐months prior to the suicide and at the two three‐ and six‐month time‐points thereafter.ResultsOf the 150 soldiers who died by suicides, 30 (20%) visited 50 military therapists in the 6 months preceding their deaths. Using Wilcoxon signed rank test, lower SRA rates of “threatens suicide” were found 2 months after a patient's suicide. Regarding SRM, the mean rates for “recommendations for psychotherapy treatment” were higher at the two (p = 0.022) and the 3 month time‐points (p = 0.031) after a suicide.ConclusionsThe SRA findings may indicate therapists’ fear of treating suicidal patients, causing them to overlook patients’ non‐prominent suicide‐risk indicators. In SRM, the higher rate of recommendations for additional therapy sessions rather than military release or referrals to other therapists may relate to over‐caution and attempts to control the patient's therapy ensuring it's done properly.
Information security and journalism: Mapping a nascent research field
Authors: Di Salvo Philip 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInformation security (infosec) has become a field of primary interest for journalism, especially in the wake of the 2013 Edward Snowden revelations about the ramifications of Internet mass surveillance. Following the increasing dangers posed by digital threats—and surveillance in particular—to the safety of journalists and their sources, newsrooms and reporters have shown an increased interest in technological solutions for improved protection of their work and sources. In particular, the adoption of strong encryption tools for communication purposes has become an urgent matter for journalists worldwide, becoming a niche of research in journalism studies as well. By reviewing the existing literature in the field, this article examines how journalism studies approach the use of encryption and information security tools for journalistic purposes. Based on research on the major journalism studies journals and other publications, the article offers an overview of the research advancements, highlighting current major trends and research areas.
Analysis of soil fertility and optimal nitrogen application of brown earth (luvisols) in China
Authors: Zou Xiaoxia , Wang Weihua , Sun Xiaolu , Jiang Defeng , Wang Jianlin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe excessive application of nitrogen (N) has caused a series of environmental problems. Brown earth (BE) is one of the main soil types in China, and the specific soil‐forming conditions make it high risk of nutrient leaching. Determining the soil fertility of BE and optimal N application rates for main crops’ production is important to reduce nitrogen leaching. Based on China's second national soil survey, the basic fertility level of BE was defined, and the effects of four N management methods [one‐time base fertilizer (BF), topdressing (TF), combined organic fertilizer (OF) and controlled‐release fertilizer (CF)] on maize and wheat yield and N efficiency were analysed. The study found that except for lower phosphorus content (level 4), the soil fertility of BE was at a moderate level (level 3). Compared with no N application, these four N management methods significantly increased the maize and wheat yield and showed the trend of OF > CF > TF > BF; TF, CF and OF significantly increased the N efficiency comparison with BF. The optimal N application rates for wheat and maize were 129–174 kg ha−1 and 170–235 kg ha−1, respectively, when considering the win–win of yield and N efficiency. N fertilizer reduction in BE needs to be further strengthened, and the specific N application rates to achieve profit maximization should be adjusted depending on environmental factors.
Current Safety Culture among Laboratory Users of the Faculty of Engineering in Universiti Putra Malaysia
Authors: Hussain Siti Aslina , Dison Michelle Anne 
Published: February 2022

Accidents involving higher learning institutes laboratories are no longer a worldwide issue. There is a huge gap between how safety is practiced in industry compared to how it is practiced in research laboratories, especially in an academic setting. For effective implementation of the safety management system, it is necessary to have a strong and positive safety culture throughout the organization. The investigation to the safety culture (SC) practices level and performances among laboratoryâ€™s users in the Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia will be assessed, evaluated and recommended some of the improvement towards SC in UPM.Â The assessment is done through the distribution of safety culture questionnaire adapted from Hudsonâ€™s safety culture element and a publication by American Chemical Society and the results will be based on rating distribution. The safety culture survey resulted in an overall score of Âµ=3.98 (Âµ<4.0) which indicates that the level of safety culture among laboratory users are moderate and less proactive. Observation from the audit evaluation suggested that there are still room of improvement for the safety performance. It is deduced from this study that the safety culture and safety performance are inter-related to each other. Therefore, to achieve higher safety performance, one needs to have an improvement in safety culture change in their organization.
Data-Driven Decomposition Control to Output Tracking With Nonperiodic Tracking–Transition Switching Under Input Constraint
Authors: Liu Jiangbo , Zou Qingze 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper is concerned with solving, from the learning-based decomposition control viewpoint, the problem of output tracking with nonperiodic tracking–transition switching. Such a nontraditional tracking problem occurs in applications where sessions for tracking a given desired trajectory are alternated with those for transiting the output with given boundary conditions. It is challenging to achieve precision tracking while maintaining smooth tracking–transition switching, as postswitching oscillations can be induced due to the mismatch of the boundary states at the switching instants, and the tracking performance can be limited by the nonminimum-phase (NMP) zeros of the system and effected by factors such as input constraints and external disturbances. Although recently an approach by combining the system-inversion with optimization techniques has been proposed to tackle these challenges, modeling of the system dynamics and complicated online computation are needed, and the controller obtained can be sensitive to model uncertainties. In this work, a learning-based decomposition control technique is developed to overcome these limitations. A dictionary of input–output bases is constructed offline a priori via data-driven iterative learning first. The input–output bases are used online to decompose the desired output in the tracking sessions and design an optimal desired transition trajectory with minimal transition time under input-amplitude constraint. Finally, the control input is synthesized based on the superpositioning principle and further optimized online to account for system variations and external disturbance. The proposed approach is illustrated through a nanopositioning control experiment on a piezoelectric actuator.