bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seizures detection using multimodal signals: a scoping review
Authors: Chen Fangyi , Chen Ina , Zafar Muhammad , Sinha Saurabh R , Hu Xiao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroduction. Epileptic seizures are common neurological disorders in the world, impacting 65 million people globally. Around 30% of patients with seizures suffer from refractory epilepsy, where seizures are not controlled by medications. The unpredictability of seizures makes it essential to have a continuous seizure monitoring system outside clinical settings for the purpose of minimizing patients’ injuries and providing additional pathways for evaluation and treatment follow-up. Autonomic changes related to seizure events have been extensively studied and attempts made to apply them for seizure detection and prediction tasks. This scoping review aims to depict current research activities associated with the implementation of portable, wearable devices for seizure detection or prediction and inform future direction in continuous seizure tracking in ambulatory settings.Methods. Overall methodology framework includes 5 essential stages: research questions identification, relevant studies identification, selection of studies, data charting and summarizing the findings. A systematic searching strategy guided by systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) was implemented to identify relevant records on two databases (PubMed, IEEE).Results. A total of 30 articles were included in our final analysis. Most of the studies were conducted off-line and employed consumer-graded wearable device. ACM is the dominant modality to be used in seizure detection, and widely deployed algorithms entail Support Vector Machine, Random Forest and threshold-based approach. The sensitivity ranged from 33.2% to 100% for single modality with a false alarm rate (FAR) ranging from 0.096 to 14.8 d−1. Multimodality has a sensitivity ranging from 51% to 100% with FAR ranging from 0.12 to 17.7 d−1.Conclusion. The overall performance in seizure detection system based on non-cerebral physiological signals is promising, especially for the detection of motor seizures and seizures accompanied with intense ictal autonomic changes.
Fast characterization of plasma states in W7-X with permutation entropy
Authors: Guerrero Arnaiz J F , Dinklage A , Geiger J , Hirsch M , Höfel U , Brandt C , Thomsen H , Schilling J , Rahbarnia K , Neuner U , Zanini M 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Detecting changes in plasmas is compulsory for control and the detection of novelties. Moreover, automated novelty detection allows one to investigate large data sets to substantially enhance the efficiency of data mining approaches. To this end we introduce permutation entropy (PE) for the detection of changes in plasmas. PE is an information-theoretic complexity measure based in fluctuation analysis that quantifies the degree of randomness (resp. disorder, unpredictability) of the ordering of time series data. This method is computationally fast and robust against noise, which allows the evaluation of large data sets in an automated procedure. PE is applied on electron cyclotron emission and soft x-ray measurements in different Wendelstein 7-X low-iota configuration plasmas. A spontaneous transition to high core-electron temperature (

T

e

) was detected, as well as a localized low-coherent intermittent oscillation which ceased when

T

e

increased in the transition. The results are validated with spectrogram analysis and provide evidence that a complexity measure such as PE is a method to support in-situ monitoring of plasma parameters and for novelty detection in plasma data. Moreover, the acceleration in processing time offers implementations of plasma-state-detection that provides results fast enough to induce control actions even during the experiment.
Quantifying information of intracellular signaling: progress with machine learning
Authors: Tang Ying , Hoffmann Alexander 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Cells convey information about their extracellular environment to their core functional machineries. Studying the capacity of intracellular signaling pathways to transmit information addresses fundamental questions about living systems. Here, we review how information-theoretic approaches have been used to quantify information transmission by signaling pathways that are functionally pleiotropic and subject to molecular stochasticity. We describe how recent advances in machine learning have been leveraged to address the challenges of complex temporal trajectory datasets and how these have contributed to our understanding of how cells employ temporal coding to appropriately adapt to environmental perturbations.
Duo features of shape memory wire for resonant force sensing
Authors: G Then Mozhi , K Dhanalakshmi , Sundareswari M Banu , Choi Seung-Bok 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The design and demonstration of a new version of the force measurement system based on the resonance principle by involving shape memory alloy (SMA) is presented. The sensor design enables an electromechanically functional resonator comprising the cantilever beam as the vibratory structural element and the Joule heated SMA as an actuating element. The actuation frequency of the SMA wire is improved up to 5.5 Hz by the optimized activation parameters and an appropriate biasing element. The choice of design attributes of the sensing module is made based on the analysis of the associated technical parameters with different dimensions of the constituents of the sensing assembly. The sensing module that adopts the least stiff configuration by the series arrangement of the active SMA and passive elastic cantilever element is modeled mathematically. The dual/twin phenomena of the SMA wire featured by both, actuation that creates resonance in the structure and self-sensing that senses the resonance state, is deployed. The sensor possesses static sensing capabilities and detects force in the range of 0.785 N to 2.45 N and this scheme of force measurement could be a stand-alone unit, besides is adaptable as an application-specific sensor in the analysis of large flexible structures.
Microscopic quantum point contact formation as the electromigration mechanism in granular superconductor nanowires
Authors: Bartolo Tommy C , Smith Jackson S , Schön Yannick , Voss Jan Nicolas , Cyster Martin J , Ustinov Alexey V , Rotzinger Hannes , Cole Jared H 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Granular aluminium is a high kinetic inductance thin film superconductor which, when formed into nanowires can undergo an intrinsic electromigration process. We use a combination of experimental and computational approaches to investigate the role of grain morphology and distribution in granular aluminium thin films, when formed into nanowire constrictions. Treating the granular aluminium film as a network of randomly distributed resistors with parameters motivated by the film microstructure allows us to model the electrical characteristics of the nanowires. This model provides estimates of the dependence of sheet resistance on grain size and distribution, and the resulting device to device variation for superconducting nanowires. By fabricating a series of different length nanowires, we study the electromigration process as a function of applied current, and then compare directly to the results of our computational model. In doing so we show that the electromigration is driven by the formation of quantum point contacts between metallic aluminium grains.
Numerical investigation of extra-cavity vector soliton molecules manipulation
Authors: Zeng Jia , Luo Dan , Xu Chaoyu , Pan Jianxing , Wu Zhichao , Huang Tianye 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We report on the numerical simulation results of vector soliton molecules (VSMs) manipulation based on the extra-cavity projected super-position technique. The VSMs are generated in a passively mode-locked fiber laser, and their time separations can be flexibly adjusted by applying different birefringence parameters. Moreover, along the laser output port, the generated VSMs can be flexibly manipulated by a projected module consisting of a polarization controller and an inline polarization beam splitter. Thus, a 2-2-2 and 2-2-4 type VSMs could be obtained separately. Moreover, we have verified that the vector soliton separation is the key parameter that determines the formation of obtained VSMs. These simulation results would greatly enrich the understanding of soliton dynamics and provide inspiration for experimental researches.
General one-loop reduction in generalized Feynman parametrization form*
Authors: Wang Hongbin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The search for an effective reduction method is one of the main topics in higher loop computation. Recently, an alternative reduction method was proposed by Chen in [1, 2]. In this paper, we test the power of Chen's new method using one-loop scalar integrals with propagators of higher power. More explicitly, with the improved version of the method, we can cancel the dimension shift and terms with unwanted power shifting. Thus, the obtained integrating-by-parts relations are significantly simpler and can be solved easily. Using this method, we present explicit examples of a bubble, triangle, box, and pentagon with one doubled propagator. With these results, we complete our previous computations in [3] with the missing tadpole coefficients and show the potential of Chen's method for efficient reduction in higher loop integrals.
Singularity-free treatment of delta-function point scatterers in two dimensions and its conceptual implications
Authors: Loran Farhang , Mostafazadeh Ali 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In two dimensions, the standard treatment of the scattering problem for a delta-function potential,

v

(

r

)

=
z
δ

(

r

)

, leads to a logarithmic singularity which is subsequently removed by a renormalization of the coupling constant

z

. Recently, we have developed a dynamical formulation of stationary scattering (DFSS) which offers a singularity-free treatment of this potential. We elucidate the basic mechanism responsible for the implicit regularization property of DFSS that makes it avoid the logarithmic singularity one encounters in the standard approach to this problem. We provide an alternative interpretation of this singularity showing that it arises, because the standard treatment of the problem takes into account contributions to the scattered wave whose momentum is parallel to the detectors’ screen. The renormalization schemes used for removing this singularity has the effect of subtracting these unphysical contributions, while DFSS has a built-in mechanics that achieves this goal.
Roadmap on multimode photonics
Authors: Cristiani Ilaria , Lacava Cosimo , Rademacher Georg , Puttnam Benjamin J , Luìs Ruben S , Antonelli Cristian , Mecozzi Antonio , Shtaif Mark , Cozzolino Daniele , Bacco Davide , Oxenløwe Leif K , Wang Jian , Jung Yongmin , Richardson David J , Ramachandran Siddharth , Guasoni Massimiliano , Krupa Katarzyna , Kharenko Denis , Tonello Alessandro , Wabnitz Stefan , Phillips David B , Faccio Daniele , Euser Tijmen G , Xie Shangran , Russell Philip St J , Dai Daoxin , Yu Yu , Petropoulos Periklis , Gardes Frederic , Parmigiani Francesca 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Multimode devices and components have attracted considerable attention in the last years, and different research topics and themes have emerged very recently. The multimodality can be seen as an additional degree of freedom in designing devices, thus allowing for the development of more complex and sophisticated components. The propagation of different modes can be used to increase the fiber optic capacity, but also to introduce novel intermodal interactions, as well as allowing for complex manipulation of optical modes for a variety of applications. In this roadmap we would like to give to the readers a comprehensive overview of the most recent developments in the field, presenting contributions coming from different research topics, including optical fiber technologies, integrated optics, basic physics and telecommunications.
Ultrafast polarization-tunable monochromatic extreme ultraviolet source at high-repetition-rate
Authors: Comby Antoine , Rajak Debobrata , Descamps Dominique , Petit Stéphane , Blanchet Valérie , Mairesse Yann , Gaudin Jérome , Beaulieu Samuel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We report on the development of a high-order harmonic generation (HHG)-based ultrafast high-repetition-rate (250 kHz) monochromatic extreme ultraviolet (21.6 eV) source with polarization tunability, specifically designed for multi-modal dichroism in time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Driving HHG using an annular beam allows us to spatially separate the high-power 515 nm driving laser from the XUV beamlet while preserving the linear polarization axis angle tunability. This enables controlling the polarization state of the XUV radiation with a fixed all-reflective phase-shifter. This scheme leads to a source brightness of

5.7
×

10

12

photons s−1 at 21.6 eV (up to

4
×

10

11

photons s−1 on target) with ellipticities as high as 90%.
The water-carbon constraints’ impact on the development of coal power industry in the Yellow River Basin
Authors: Jiefang Wang , Chenmeng Tian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In order to study the influence of water and carbon constraint policies on coal power industry under different scenarios, the government can adjust policies timely according to the simulation results. In this paper, a system dynamics model of coal power industry development under water-carbon dual constraints is constructed. Eight provinces in the Yellow River Basin are selected as the research objects, and the year 2020 is taken as the base year and 2021–2030 is taken as the research time zone to carry out an empirical study. The results show that: (1) under the existing water and carbon quota allocation policy, the profit of coal and power industry in the Yellow River basin will decrease obviously, and the development pressure of coal and power enterprises in the Yellow River basin will increase. (2) Water-carbon constraint has obvious extrusion effect on coal power industry. According to the calculation in this paper, the extrusion capacity will reach 395.17 TWh. (3) The water and carbon quota policy does not constrain the coal power industry at the same time. The existing water quota allocation method matches the ‘2030’ water consumption target, but the carbon quota allocation scheme has weak constraint on the coal and power industry in the Yellow River Basin, so the carbon quota should be tightened. (4) After the tightening of carbon quota, the coal emission reduction technology should be upgraded and improved before 2025. After 2025, the coal emission reduction technology can be mainly restricted by quota. (5) New energy planning should be combined with its own development situation and quota allocation policy. When the amount of coal and electricity extruded by water-carbon constraint is not enough to meet the target of new energy installation, it should be planned according to its own development situation and extrusion amount. When the amount of coal power extruded by water-carbon constraint is enough to meet the target of new energy installation, the amount of coal extruded should be taken as the main planning basis.
Burnout, professional fulfillment, sleep impairment, and self-compassion within an academic medical center pharmacy department
Authors: Raber Hanna , May Alisyn , Tingey Ben , Qeadan Fares , Morrow Ellen , Mullin Shantel , Nickman Nancy A , Tyler Linda S 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Purpose
To examine the prevalence of burnout, professional fulfillment, sleep impairment, and self-compassion within an academic medical center pharmacy department across varying job titles and practice settings.

Methods
In fall 2019, pharmacy staff completed a REDCap-based survey that consisted of a validated instrument relating to burnout, professional fulfilment, sleep-related impairment, and self-compassion. Burnout was measured by both single-item and extended 10-item questions on the survey. Survey outcomes from each domain were compared between pharmacists and pharmacy technicians/interns, as well as among practice settings (inpatient, ambulatory care, and infrastructure).

Results
A total of 593 surveys were completed by pharmacy personnel, representing a preliminary response rate of 71.8% (593/826). A total of 505 survey responses were analyzed (235 [46.5%] for pharmacists and 270 [53.5%] for pharmacy technicians/interns). Inpatient pharmacists reported the highest level of burnout (50.7%), followed by ambulatory care pharmacists (29.3%) and those working in infrastructure (24.3%). Pharmacy technicians working in infrastructure reported the highest level of burnout (36.4%), followed by inpatient (30.8%) and ambulatory care (28.3%) pharmacy technicians. There was no association between job type or location and burnout according to both single-item and 10-item burnout measures. A higher rate of burnout, sleep impairment, and decreased self-compassion and a lower rate of professional fulfillment were observed for inpatient pharmacists compared to pharmacists in ambulatory care or infrastructure. Except for higher rates of reported professional fulfillment, a similar trend was observed for pharmacy technicians.

Conclusion
Burnout was reported across the pharmacy team regardless of practice site.
A protoxylem pathway to evolution of pith? An hypothesis based on the Early Devonian euphyllophyte Leptocentroxyla
Authors: Tomescu Alexandru M F , McQueen Camryn R 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
The Early Devonian (Emsian, 400–395 Ma) tracheophyte Leptocentroxyla tetrarcha Bickner et Tomescu emend. Tomescu et McQueen combines plesiomorphic Psilophyton-type tracheid thickenings with xylem architecture intermediate between the plesiomorphic basal euphyllophyte haplosteles and the complex actinosteles of Middle Devonian euphyllophytes. We document xylem development in Leptocentroxyla based on anatomy and explore its implications, which may provide a window into the evolution of pith.

Methods
Leptocentroxyla is preserved by permineralization in the Battery Point Formation (Quebec, Canada). Serial sections obtained using the cellulose acetate peel technique document branching pattern, anatomy of trace divergence to appendages, protoxylem architecture, and variations in tracheid size and wall thickening patterns.

Key Results
Leptocentroxyla has opposite decussate pseudo-whorled branching and mesarch protoxylem, and represents the earliest instance of central histological differentiation in a euphyllophyte actinostele. Tracheids at the centre of xylem exhibit simplified Psilophyton-type wall thickenings and are similar in size (at the axis centre) or smaller than the surrounding metaxylem tracheids (at the centre of appendage traces).

Conclusions
The position and developmental attributes of the simplified Psilophyton-type tracheids suggest they may have been generated by the protoxylem developmental pathway. This supports the delayed and shortened protoxylem differentiation hypothesis, which explains the evolution of pith by (1) delay in the onset of differentiation and lengthening of cell growth duration in a central protoxylem strand; and (2) shortening of the interval of differentiation of those tracheids, leading to progressive simplification (and eventual loss) of secondary wall thickenings, and replacement of tracheids with a central parenchymatous area. NAC domain transcription factors and their interactions with abscisic acid may have provided the regulatory substrate for the developmental changes that led to the evolution of pith. These could have been orchestrated by selective pressures associated with the expansion of early vascular plants into water-stresses upland environments.
Contributory Etiologies to Cognitive Performance in Multimorbid Post-9/11 Veterans: The Deployment Trauma Phenotype
Authors: Kim Sahra , Currao Alyssa , Bernstein John , Fonda Jennifer R , Fortier Catherine B 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objective
This study examined cognitive functioning in post-9/11 Veterans with the deployment trauma phenotype (DTP), comprised of co-occurring diagnoses of depressive disorder (major depressive disorder and or persistent depressive disorder/dysthymia), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), using objective neuropsychological measures.

Method
Participants included a cross-sectional sample of 399 post-9/11 Veterans who completed clinical interviews and neuropsychological tests as part of a larger study at VA Boston Healthcare System. Confirmatory factor analysis identified four cognitive domains: attention, cognitive control/processing speed, episodic memory, and cognitive flexibility. Veterans with DTP and its constituent diagnoses in isolation, two-way diagnostic combinations, and no constituent diagnoses were compared.

Results
Veterans with DTP had a twofold increased prevalence for below average performance in cognitive control/processing speed compared with those with no constituent diagnoses (prevalence ratios [PRs] = 2.04; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–4.05). The PTSD + depressive disorder group also had a twofold increased prevalence for below average performance in episodic memory (PR = 2.16; 95% CI: 1.05–4.43).

Conclusions
The deployment trauma phenotype is associated with clinically significant decrease in cognitive control/processing speed in post-9/11 Veterans. Comorbid PTSD and depressive disorder negatively impacted performances in episodic memory. Mild TBI alone showed no cognitive deficits. Clinical interventions should target psychiatric symptoms with a transdiagnostic approach to address this multimorbid population.
PCfun: a hybrid computational framework for systematic characterization of protein complex function
Authors: Sharma Varun S , Fossati Andrea , Ciuffa Rodolfo , Buljan Marija , Williams Evan G , Chen Zhen , Shao Wenguang , Pedrioli Patrick G A , Purcell Anthony W , Martínez María Rodríguez , Song Jiangning , Manica Matteo , Aebersold Ruedi , Li Chen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn molecular biology, it is a general assumption that the ensemble of expressed molecules, their activities and interactions determine biological function, cellular states and phenotypes. Stable protein complexes—or macromolecular machines—are, in turn, the key functional entities mediating and modulating most biological processes. Although identifying protein complexes and their subunit composition can now be done inexpensively and at scale, determining their function remains challenging and labor intensive. This study describes Protein Complex Function predictor (PCfun), the first computational framework for the systematic annotation of protein complex functions using Gene Ontology (GO) terms. PCfun is built upon a word embedding using natural language processing techniques based on 1 million open access PubMed Central articles. Specifically, PCfun leverages two approaches for accurately identifying protein complex function, including: (i) an unsupervised approach that obtains the nearest neighbor (NN) GO term word vectors for a protein complex query vector and (ii) a supervised approach using Random Forest (RF) models trained specifically for recovering the GO terms of protein complex queries described in the CORUM protein complex database. PCfun consolidates both approaches by performing a hypergeometric statistical test to enrich the top NN GO terms within the child terms of the GO terms predicted by the RF models. The documentation and implementation of the PCfun package are available at https://github.com/sharmavaruns/PCfun. We anticipate that PCfun will serve as a useful tool and novel paradigm for the large-scale characterization of protein complex function.