bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Thrombus‐first” or “thrombus‐last” approach for surgical management of renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava thrombus
Authors: Ishiyama Yudai , Kondo Tsunenori , Yoshida Kazuhiko , Iizuka Junpei , Tanabe Kazunari , Takagi Toshio 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesTo compare the perioperative outcomes between thrombectomy first then nephrectomy (“thrombus‐first”) and vice‐versa (“thrombus‐last”) approaches for patients with renal cell carcinoma and inferior vena cava thrombus.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 130 patients who underwent nephrectomy and thrombectomy at two institutions between 1992 and 2020. The cohort was classified into the thrombus‐first and thrombus‐last groups according to the techniques used. Outcomes including the operative time, blood loss, and complications, especially the occurrence of intraoperative tumor embolism of pulmonary artery and postoperative pulmonary embolism, were compared.ResultsThe thrombus‐first and thrombus‐last groups comprised 48 and 82 patients, respectively. Characteristics such as age, performance status, Charlson Comorbidity Index, renal function, and level of tumour thrombus were comparable between the two groups. Approximately 41% of the patients had distant metastasis. There were four cases (3.1%) of intraoperative tumor embolism, all from the thrombus‐last group. Three patients overall (2.3%) experienced pulmonary embolism postoperatively with two in the thrombus‐last group (2.4%) and one in the thrombus‐first group (2.1%) (P > 0.999). The surgical time (291.0 min vs 369.0 min, P < 0.001) and the blood loss (1323.0 vs 2100.0 mL, P < 0.001) were significantly smaller for the thrombus‐first group than for the thrombus‐last group. Occurrence of complications was 25.0% and 43.9% in thrombus‐first and thrombus‐last groups, respectively (P = 0.029), and 8.3% and 23.2% for events graded ≥3 (P = 0.035).ConclusionIn surgery for renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava thrombus, performing thrombectomy before nephrectomy may serve to lessen complications, blood loss, and surgical time compared to nephrectomy before thrombectomy.
Fetal inflammatory response at the fetomaternal interface: A requirement for labor at term and preterm*
Authors: Menon Ramkumar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHuman parturition at term and preterm is an inflammatory process synchronously executed by both fetomaternal tissues to transition them from a quiescent state t an active state of labor to ensure delivery. The initiators of the inflammatory signaling mechanism can be both maternal and fetal. The placental (fetal)‐maternal immune and endocrine mediated homeostatic imbalances and inflammation are well reported. However, the fetal inflammatory response (FIR) theories initiated by the fetal membranes (amniochorion) at the choriodecidual interface are not well established. Although immune cell migration, activation, and production of proparturition cytokines to the fetal membranes are reported, cellular level events that can generate a unique set of inflammation are not well discussed. This review discusses derangements to fetal membrane cells (physiologically and pathologically at term and preterm, respectively) in response to both endogenous and exogenous factors to generate inflammatory signals. In addition, the mechanisms of inflammatory signal propagation (fetal signaling of parturition) and how these signals cause immune imbalances at the choriodecidual interface are discussed. In addition to maternal inflammation, this review projects FIR as an additional mediator of inflammatory overload required to promote parturition.
Interactions among common non‐SARS‐CoV‐2 respiratory viruses and influence of the COVID‐19 pandemic on their circulation in New York City
Authors: Yuan Haokun , Yeung Alice , Yang Wan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundNon‐pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and voluntary behavioral changes during the COVID‐19 pandemic have influenced the circulation of non‐SARS‐CoV‐2 respiratory infections. We aimed to examine interactions among common non‐SARS‐CoV‐2 respiratory virus and further estimate the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on these viruses.MethodsWe analyzed incidence data for seven groups of respiratory viruses in New York City (NYC) during October 2015 to May 2021 (i.e., before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic). We first used elastic net regression to identify potential virus interactions and further examined the robustness of the found interactions by comparing the performance of Seasonal Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) models with and without the interactions. We then used the models to compute counterfactual estimates of cumulative incidence and estimate the reduction during the COVID‐19 pandemic period from March 2020 to May 2021, for each virus.ResultsWe identified potential interactions for three endemic human coronaviruses (CoV‐NL63, CoV‐HKU, and CoV‐OC43), parainfluenza (PIV)‐1, rhinovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). We found significant reductions (by ~70–90%) in cumulative incidence of CoV‐OC43, CoV‐229E, human metapneumovirus, PIV‐2, PIV‐4, RSV, and influenza virus during the COVID‐19 pandemic. In contrast, the circulation of adenovirus and rhinovirus was less affected.ConclusionsCirculation of several respiratory viruses has been low during the COVID‐19 pandemic, which may lead to increased population susceptibility. It is thus important to enhance monitoring of these viruses and promptly enact measures to mitigate their health impacts (e.g., influenza vaccination campaign and hospital infection prevention) as societies resume normal activities.
Occurrence, infestation rate, and spatiotemporal distribution of the African pea crab (Afropinnotheres monodi) inhabiting Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from southern Portugal
Authors: Santos Agatha C. N. , Vasconcelos Paulo , Pereira Fábio , Piló David , Carvalho André N. , Gaspar Miguel B. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present study aimed to analyze the occurrence and prevalence, infestation rate and intensity, host–guest colonization pattern, morphometric relationships, and spatiotemporal distribution of the African pea crab (Afropinnotheres monodi) inhabiting the shell of Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from the Algarve coast and Ria Formosa lagoon (southern Portugal). Sampling campaigns were performed with a trimestral periodicity in 2018–2019 and comprised 13 collecting sites distributed in the Ria Formosa, along the Algarve coast, and in an offshore mussel farm. Altogether, 10,109 individuals of M. galloprovincialis in a broad range of sizes (9.0–91.2 mm in shell length) were sampled, among which 571 host mussels (14.6–73.6 mm in shell length) contained a total of 598 individuals of A. monodi, corresponding to an infestation rate of 5.6% (prevalence rate of 5.9% due to multiple occurrences). The sample of pea crabs also covered an extensive range of sizes (1.7–14.5 mm in carapace width) and included eight juveniles, 163 males, and 427 females (82 hard females and 345 soft females, of which 128 were non‐ovigerous and 217 ovigerous). Overall, hard (13.9%) and soft (58.5%) females prevailed over males (27.6%), corresponding to female‐biased sex ratio of 1 male:2.6 females. In terms of infestation intensity, 95.4% of host mussels contained a single pea crab, with multiple infestations (two or three crabs inside a single mussel) being more frequent in the lagoon than along the coast. Morphometric relationships between host shell length and pea crab carapace width were highly correlated (r values ranged .218–.631), although there were no significant differences between sexes or female demographic categories and maturity stages. Overall, the present study provided further insights into the colonization of M. galloprovincialis by A. monodi.
A cross‐sectional study of the interaction between night shift frequency and age on hypertension prevalence among female nurses
Authors: Zhao Bin , Li Jing , Li Yun , Liu Jie , Feng Di , Hao Yuming , Zhen Yanjie , Hao Xiaoran , Xu Menghui , Chen Ximin , Yang Xiulan , Zuo Aifang , Jia Rufu , Zhang Ruiqin , Fan Ailing , Wang Yun , Yuan Meijin , Tong Li , Chen Shuling , Cui Jing , Zhao Meizhu , Cui Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNight shift is a common work schedule. This study aimed to analyze the interaction between age and frequency of night shift on the hypertension prevalence. A census questionnaire was conducted in 512 medical institutions in 11 cities of Hebei Province. One lakh twenty‐one thousand nine hundred three female nurses were included in this study. Binary Logistic regression analysis was done by SPSS Version 26.0. The youngest age group without night shift was used as the reference group. The odds ratio was calculated by different combinations of interaction items. Interaction coefficients were calculated by an Excel table designed by Andersson. Compared with the 18–25 year old ones without night shift, there existed an additive interaction between the age of 36–45 and more than 5–10 night shifts per month on hypertension prevalence. Odds ratio, the relative excess risk of interaction, the attributable proportion of interaction, and the synergy index and their 95% confidence intervals were 2.923(2.292‐3.727), 0.631(0.309‐0.954), 0.216(0.109‐0.323), 1.488(1.158‐1.913). Additive interaction was also found between the age of 36–45 and more than 10 night shifts per month. OR, RERI, API, SI, and their 95% confidence intervals were 3.430(2.273‐5.175) 1.037(0.061‐2.013), 0.303(0.089‐0.516), and 1.746(1.093‐2.788). There also existed an additive interaction between the age of 46–65 and more than 5–10 night shifts per month on hypertension prevalence. OR, RERI, API, SI, and their 95% confidence intervals were 7.398(5.595‐9.781) 1.809(0.880‐2.739), 0.245(0.148‐0.341), and 1.394(1.199‐1.622).There existed interaction between specific age groups and night shift frequency on the prevalence of hypertension among female nurses.
ANGPTL4 regulate glutamine metabolism and fatty acid oxidation in nonsmall cell lung cancer cells
Authors: Xiao Song , Nai‐dong Wang , Jin‐Xiang Yan , Long Tian , Xiu‐Rong Lu , Hong Gao , Jie‐Cheng Yan , Fei Zhang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAngiopoietin‐like protein (ANGPTL) 4 is a key factor in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism in metabolic diseases. ANGPTL4 is highly expressed in various cancers, but the regulation of energy metabolism in tumours remains to be determined. This study explored the role of ANGPTL4 in aerobic glycolysis, glutamine consumption and fatty acid oxidation in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Two NSCLC cell lines (A549 and H1299) were used to investigate the role of ANGPTL4 in energy metabolism by tracer techniques and with Seahorse XF technology in ANGPTLs4 knockdown cells. RNA microarrays and specific inhibitors were used to identify targets in ANGPTLs4‐overexpressing cells. The results showed that knockdown of ANGPTLs4 could inhibit energy metabolism and proliferation in NSCLC. ANGPTLs4 had no significant effect on glycolysis but affected glutamine consumption and fatty acid oxidation. Knockdown of ANGPTLs4 also significantly inhibited tumour metastasis and energy metabolism in mice and had a weak effect on glycolysis. RNA microarray analysis showed that ANGPTLs4 significantly affected glutaminase (GLS) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1). ANGPTLs4‐overexpressing cells were exposed to a glutamine deprivation environment, and cell proliferation and energy metabolism were significantly decreased but still differed from normal NSCLC cells. Treatment of ANGPTLs4‐overexpressing cells with GLS and CPT1 inhibitors simultaneously prevented the regulatory effects on cell proliferation and energy metabolism. ANGPTLs4 could promote glutamine consumption and fatty acid oxidation but not glycolysis or accelerate energy metabolism in NSCLC.
Olive phenols preserve lamin B1 expression reducing cGAS/STING/NFκB‐mediated SASP in ionizing radiation‐induced senescence
Authors: Frediani Elena , Scavone Francesca , Laurenzana Anna , Chillà Anastasia , Tortora Katia , Cimmino Ilaria , Leri Manuela , Bucciantini Monica , Mangoni Monica , Fibbi Gabriella , Del Rosso Mario , Mocali Alessandra , Giovannelli Lisa , Margheri Francesca 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSenescence occurs upon critical telomere shortening, or following DNA damage, oncogenic activation, hypoxia and oxidative stress, overall referred to stress‐induced premature senescence (SIPS). In response to DNA damage, senescent cells release cytoplasmic chromatin fragments (CCFs), and express an altered secretome, the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which contributes to generate a pro‐inflammatory and pro‐tumoral extracellular milieu. Polyphenols have gained significant attention owing to their anti‐inflammatory and anti‐tumour activities. Here, we studied the effect of oleuropein aglycone (OLE) and hydroxytyrosol (HT) on DNA damage, CCF appearance and SASP in a model of irradiation‐induced senescence. Neonatal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) were γ‐irradiated and incubated with OLE, 5 µM and HT, 1 µM. Cell growth and senescence‐associated (SA)‐β‐Gal‐staining were used as senescence markers. DNA damage was evaluated by Comet assay, lamin B1 expression, release of CCFs, cyclic GMP‐AMP Synthase (cGAS) activation. IL‐6, IL‐8, MCP‐1 and RANTES were measured by ELISA assay. Our results showed that OLE and HT exerted a protective effect on 8 Gy irradiation‐induced senescence, preserving lamin B1 expression and reducing cGAS/STING/NFκB‐mediated SASP. The ability of OLE and HT to mitigate DNA damage, senescence status and the related SASP in normal cells can be exploited to improve the efficacy and safety of cancer radiotherapy.
Energy consumption computing of cold plasma‐assisted drying of apple slices (Yellow Delicious) by numerical simulation
Authors: Ranjbar Nedamani Azadeh , Hashemi Seyed Jafar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEnergy consumption is a great challenge during fruit drying. New techniques such as cold plasma are used as pretreatment or the main treatment for food drying. In this work, apple drying with cold plasma was investigated with COMSOL simulation. Two treatments were designed: (a) traditional air drying at 60°C and 0.5 m/s airflow, and (b) cold plasma treatment at 100 W, and 60 Hz with laminar airflow at 60°C and 0.5 m/s. The samples were two apple slices with a 6 cm diameter and 0.3 cm thickness. Results show that plasma technology without airflow does not have an effective role in drying. But the combination of plasma and airflow drying reduced the drying time from the 9,600 s to 3,600 s. The plasma‐treated samples reached a constant moisture content faster than the air‐dried samples. The energy consumption of drying with plasma was 85‐fold lower than a traditional air‐drying method. The shrinkage of plasma‐treated samples was low and the total shrinkage was near the undried sample (0.008). Cold plasma probably can reduce the energy consumption, drying time, and final drying costs of fresh food drying.Practical applicationDrying with a combination of methods can reduce the processing time. In this work, the plasma technology was combined with air drying and the results show lower process time, lower shrinkage, and lower energy consumption. Plasma technology in combination with traditional air drying can reduce the drying time of food material from 9,600 s to 3,600s. The energy consumption of plasma drying was significantly lower than air drying. It can be concluded from these results that this drying method can be applied to study the drying of different types of food material.
Balancing vision with pragmatism: The geriatric emergency department guidelines‐realistic expectations from emergency medicine and geriatric medicine
Authors: Shih Richard D. , Carpenter Christopher R. , Tolia Vaishal , Binder Ellen F. , Ouslander Joseph G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn 2014 the Geriatric Emergency Department (GED) Guidelines were published and endorsed by four major medical organizations. The multidisciplinary GED Guidelines characterize the complex needs of the older emergency department (ED) patient and current best practices with the goal of promoting more cost‐effective and patient‐centered care. The recommendations are extensive and the vast majority of EDs then and now do not have either the resources nor hospital administrative support to provide this additional service. At the 2021 American Academy of Emergency Medicine's Scientific Assembly, a panel of emergency medicine physicians and geriatricians discussed the GED Guidelines and the current realities of EDs' capacity to provide best practice and guideline recommended care of GED patients. This article is a synthesis of the panel's presentation and discussion. With the substantial challenges in providing guideline recommended care in EDs, this article will explore three high impact GED clinical conditions to highlight guideline recommendations, challenges and opportunities, and discuss realistically achievable expectations for non‐Geriatric ED accredited institutions. In 2014 the Geriatric Emergency Department Guidelines were published describing the current best practices for geriatric ED patients. Unfortunately, the vast majority of EDs worldwide do not provide the level of service recommended by the GED guidelines. The GED Guidelines can best be termed aspirational for U.S. EDs at the present time.
Challenges and opportunities in conducting research with older adults with dementia during COVID‐19 and beyond
Authors: Sharma Rashmi K. , Teng Andrew , Asirot Mary Grace , Taylor Jean O. , Borson Soo , Turner Anne M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19) pandemic has created significant and new challenges for the conduct of clinical research involving older adults with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). It has also stimulated positive adaptations in methods for engaging older adults with ADRD in research, particularly through the increased availability of virtual platforms. In this paper, we describe how we adapted standard in‐person participant recruitment and qualitative data collection methods for virtual use in a study of decision‐making experiences in older adults with ADRD. We describe key considerations for the use of technology and virtual platforms and discuss our experience with using recommended strategies to recruit a diverse sample of older adults. We highlight the need for research funding that supports the community‐based organizations on which improving equity in ADRD research participation often depends.
Hope pictured in drawings by patients newly diagnosed with advanced cancer
Authors: Hammer Kristianna , Højgaard Hildigunn Steinhólm , á Steig Bjarni , Wang August G. , Bergenholtz Heidi M. , Rosted Elizabeth E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundHope is an integral part of a dying person's needs and an important phenomenon that has not been satisfactorily explored. The tension between hope for a cure and the reality of being terminally ill is a paradox, which in the context of palliative cancer care, nurses and health care professionals must take into consideration.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to elucidate the phenomenon of hope and to investigate the lived experiences of hope among newly diagnosed patients with advanced cancer.MethodThe study used a phenomenological‐visual method where drawings and post‐drawing interviews were used. The participants were six patients who recently had been offered specialised palliative care treatment. They were five women and one man with different cancer diagnoses and between 30 and 82 years of age (median 65 years). The data consisted of six drawings and individual post‐drawing interviews with the participants. The study was reported using the COREQ checklist.ResultsThe study revealed one main concern ‘Being in hope’ and hope appeared in four different dimensions; internal, external, relational and transcendental. Hopelessness was present at all times.ConclusionHope pictured in drawings was expressed through colour, shape, lines, symbols and metaphors, and hope incorporated internal, external, relational and transcendental aspects. Hope was constantly fighting against hopelessness and hope integrated with past, present and future.Relevance to clinical practiceDrawings, as well as other visual representations, are suitable tools when trying to understand an ineffable phenomenon such as hope experienced by people newly diagnosed with cancer.
Circulating renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system activity in cats with systemic hypertension or cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ward Jessica L. , Guillot Emilie , Domenig Oliver , Ware Wendy A. , Yuan Lingnan , Mochel Jonathan P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundActivity of the circulating renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system (RAAS) has not been comprehensively characterized in cats with systemic hypertension (SH) or cardiomyopathy (CM), and the effects of furosemide or amlodipine treatment on the RAAS have not been fully evaluated in cats.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo document RAAS activity in cats with SH or CM compared to healthy cats and determine how RAAS profiles change with furosemide or amlodipine treatment.AnimalsSixty‐six client‐owned cats: 15 with SH (7 amlodipine‐treated, 8 untreated), 17 with advanced CM (7 furosemide‐treated, 10 not furosemide‐treated), and 34 healthy cats.MethodsEquilibrium concentrations of RAAS peptides and aldosterone were quantified in serum samples by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Variables were compared between groups using Kruskal‐Wallis analysis with post hoc Holms‐corrected Dunn's testing.ResultsCompared with healthy cats, cats with CM had higher concentrations of angiotensin I, aldosterone, and plasma renin activity (all P < .01), and these differences remained significant (P < .03) after considering subgroups of untreated or furosemide‐treated cats. Compared with healthy cats, untreated cats with SH showed no differences in RAAS biomarkers, whereas amlodipine‐treated cats had higher concentrations of angiotensins I, II, III, IV, and 1‐7, aldosterone, and plasma renin activity (all P < .03). Multivariable analysis determined that furosemide and amlodipine treatments were independent predictors of increased RAAS biomarker concentrations.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceCats with CM had increased RAAS activity, whereas cats with untreated SH did not. Furosemide and amlodipine both led to nonspecific activation of both classical and alternative RAAS pathways in cats.
Wild capybaras as reservoir of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in urban Amazonian Region
Authors: Merker Breyer Gabriela , de Carli Sílvia , Vieira Inácio Natã , França Ribeiro Vânia Maria , Chaves da Silva Flavio Roberto , Daudt Cíntia , Maboni Siqueira Franciele 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Capybaras are rodent widely distributed in South America, which inhabit lakeside areas including ecological parks and urban sites. Due to anthropological interaction, monitoring zoonotic pathogens in wildlife is essential for One Health. We investigated faecal samples from capybaras living in an urban area in Rio Branco (Acre, Brazil) for the presence diarrhoeagenic E. coli. Virulence factors from shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) were screened by PCR. We detected at least one virulence factor in 81% of the animals, being classified as STEC and EHEC pathotypes. The presence of zoonotic E. coli in capybaras is a warning due to the highly frequent anthropological interactions with wild animals in this area. Our findings highlight the importance of investigating wild animals as carriers of zoonotic E. coli, requiring further investigations into wildlife surveillance and epidemiological monitoring.