bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An anthracene and indole-based fluorescent probe for the detection of chromium(III) ions in real water samples
Authors: Suna Garen , Gunduz Simay 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A novel fluorescent probe possessing anthracene with an indole unit was designed and synthesized to detect chromium(III) ions (Cr3+) with high sensitivity and selectivity. The probe was synthesized in one step by mixing two commercially available chemicals, 2-aminoanthracene and 1H-indole-5-carbaldehyde. The probe molecule (ANT–In) demonstrates distinct properties, for instance, "turn-on" fluorescence response, high sensitivity and selectivity in less than one minute, and low detection limit (0.2 µM) via hydrolysis of the C = N bond. Additionally, the probe ANT–In was successfully used to identify the presence of chromium(III) ions in real water samples.
A proposed framework of reverse logistics based on blockchain for auditing and traceability for e-equipment
Authors: t ramadas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Electronic garbage (also known as e-waste) is produced unprecedentedly by humans. E-waste is generated by laptops, mobile phones, and other interconnected gadgets, which contribute significantly to the development of e-waste. Reverse logistics (RL) operations are critical in managing electronic equipment after the end of its useful lives. This is because re-manufacturing e-equipment might be very difficult both from an operational point of view and a privacy point of view because of rules like the electronic user's general data protection regulation guidelines. This research suggests a secure and reliable framework for e- equipment reverse logistic operations built on a blockchain architecture. We consider the refurbishing/re-manufacturing recovery solution for laptops. We also design an effective and autonomous back-end database exchanging architecture centered on blockchain technology to monitor all the refurbishing/re-manufacturing procedures.
SLC6A2 /MAOA inhibitors improve the glycolipid metabolism by regulating norepinephrine in sympathetic neuron–associated macrophages
Authors: Sun Minxian , Zheng Shasha , Wang Pei , Wang Juanjuan , Yi Lan , Zhang Hongmei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The infiltration of macrophages in white adipose tissue (WAT) is associated with the development of obesity. A recent study reported that sympathetic neuron–associated macrophages (SAMs) had a pro-inflammatory effect by regulating the metabolism of norepinephrine (NE) in obesity. SAMs transport and degrade NE via solute carrier family 6 member 2（SLC6A2）and monoamine oxidase A（MAOA）respectively. NE has a well-established role in promoting lipolysis in adipocytes. Furthermore, SAMs are recruited and activated in obesity, but the exact molecular mechanism is still unclear. The aim of this study is to explore whether the restraint of SLC6A2 or MAOA by SLC6A2 inhibitor (SLC6A2i) or MAOA inhibitor (MAOAi) would rescured metabolic disorders by modulating NE level in high fat diet (HFD) induced obesity mice model. We thus unveiled the effect of NE on glycolipid metabolism, focusing on the contribution of SAMs .Methods: 24 male C57BL/6J mice (5 weeks old) were randomly fed with normal chow diet (NCD, n=6) or HFD (n=18) respectively for 16 weeks. 18 mice fed with HFD were randomly categorized into 3 groups as follows: HFD+NaCl (n=6), HFD+SLC6A2i (n=6) and HFD+MAOAi (n=6). The body weight, length and serum analysis (glucose, lipidprofile, and insulin) were obtained before and after 3 weeks of NE intervention. Then, superior cervical ganglia(SCG), visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT) and subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) were extracted for further analysis. Results: After 3 weeks NE intervention, Lee’s index, FBG, P2hBG, TG, TC, LDL-C, and insulin showed lower in HFD+SLC6A2i and HFD+MAOAi group, and HDL-C showed higher than those in HFD+NaCl group (p<0.05)，although the weight and length had no significant change. The adiposytes in the HFD+NaCl group were obivously bigger and more inconsistent in size, while HFD+SLC6A2i group and HFD+MAOAi group showed intact morphology similar with NCD group. Compared with HFD+NaCl group, SAMs proportion, expression of SLC6A2, MAOA, TLR4, MYD88, NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1α were significantly lower in HFD+SLC6A2i and HFD+MAOAi group (p<0.05), while the concentration of NE and expression of IL-10 were significantly higher in HFD+SLC6A2i and HFD+MAOAi group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Our results indicated restraint the function of SLC6A2 or MAOA would rescued metabolic disorders and obesity by modulating NE level. Recruited SAMs in obesity might be derived from the chronic low grade inflammation via TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings provide new target for therapeutic potential of glycolipid metabolism and obesity.
Difference in carcinogenicities of two different vapor grown carbon fibers with different physicochemical characteristics induced by intratracheal instillation in rats
Authors: Sato Kei , Fukui Hiroko , Hagiwara Yuji , Ogawa Ryoji , Nishioka Ayako , Numano Takamasa , Sugiyama Taiki , Kawabe Mayumi , Mera Yukinori , Yoneda Tadashi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Carbon fibers are high aspect ratio structures with diameters on the submicron scale. Vapor grown carbon fibers are contained within multi-walled carbon tubes, with VGCF™-H commonly applied as a conductive additive in lithium-ion batteries. However, several multi-walled carbon fibers, including MWNT-7, have been reported to induce lung carcinogenicity in rats. This study investigated the carcinogenic potential of VGCF™-H fibers in F344 rats of both sexes with the vapor grown carbon fibers VGCF™-H and MWNT-7 over 2 years. The carbon fibers were administered to rats by intratracheal instillation at doses of 0, 0.016, 0.08, and 0.4 mg/kg (total doses of 0, 0.128, 0.64, and 3.2 mg/kg) once per week for eight weeks and the rats were observed for up to 2 years after the first instillation.
Results
Histopathological examination showed the induction of malignant mesothelioma on the pleural cavity with dose-dependent increases observed at 0, 0.128, 0.64, and 3.2 mg/kg in rats of both sexes that were exposed to MWNT-7. On the other hand, only two cases of pleural malignant mesothelioma were observed in the VGCF™-H groups; both in male rats that received 3.2 mg/kg. The animals in the MWNT-7 groups either died or became moribund earlier than those in the VGCF™-H groups, which is thought related to the development of malignant mesothelioma. The survival rates were higher in the VGCF™-H group, and more carbon fibers were observed in the pleural lavage fluid (PLF) of the MWNT-7 groups. These results suggest that malignant mesothelioma is related to the transfer of carbon fibers into the pleural cavity.
Conclusions
The intratracheal instillation of MWNT-7 clearly led to carcinogenicity in both male and female rats at all doses. The equivocal evidence for carcinogenic potential that was observed in male rats exposed to VGCF™-H was not seen in the females. The differences in the carcinogenicities of the two types of carbon fibers are thought due to differences in the number of carbon fibers reaching the pleural cavity. The results indicate that the carcinogenic activity of VGCF™-H is lower than that of MWNT-7.
Evaluation of therapeutic PD-1 antibodies by an advanced single-molecule imaging system for human PD-1 microclusters
Authors: Nishi Wataru , Wakamatsu Ei , Machiyama Hiroaki , Matsushima Ryohei , Saito Kensho , Yoshida Yosuke , Nishikawa Tetsushi , Takehara Tomohiro , Toyota Hiroko , Furuhata Masae , Nishijima Hitoshi , Takeuchi Arata , Azuma Miyuki , Suzuki Makoto , Yokosuka Tadashi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
With recent advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), cancer immunotherapy has become the standard treatment for various malignant tumors. Their indications and dosages have been determined on the basis of several clinical trials conducted separately. In this study, we have established an advanced imaging system to visualize “human PD-1 microclusters,” in which PD-1 actually dephosphorylates both the TCR/CD3 complex and its downstream signaling molecules via the recruitment of a phosphatase, SHP2. Furthermore, each antibody required its own concentration and gained much greater effects in combination with other antibodies against different targets. We propose that our imaging system could digitally evaluate the PD-1-mediated T cell suppression and practical effects of each ICI. Currently, numerous new ICIs are tested, and more suitable combinations of them with other ICIs or conventional cancer treatments are being explored. Our study will have a wide range of applications to clinical practice in the future.
Numerical study on the distribution of nitric oxide concentration in the nasal cavity of healthy people during breathing
Authors: Yu Shen , Wang Danqing , Guo Yan , Shen Shuang , Wang Jizhe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the nasal cavity, nitric oxide (NO) is involved in many physiological functions, including antibacterial and antiviral activity, promotion of nasal mucociliary clearance, and regulation of blood vessel expansion in the nasal mucosa. We investigated the distribution of NO concentration in the nasal cavity of healthy individuals during breathing. A three-dimensional numerical model of the nasal airway, including the bilateral maxillary sinuses, was created to simulate NO distribution in the nasal cavity during normal breathing. The effect of different nasal airflow velocities on NO distribution in the nasal cavity was evaluated. The distribution of NO concentration in the nasal cavity of healthy people during breathing was obtained from numerical simulation results. Lower the airflow rate, higher was the NO concentration and greater was the diffusion range in the nasal cavity. The NO concentration in the nasal cavity increased with an increase in its concentration in the maxillary sinus, indicating a linear relationship. The NO entered the nasal cavity mainly by diffusion and followed the convection flow of the respiratory air in the nasal cavity. NO concentration in the nasal cavity was related to the respiratory airflow velocity and NO concentration in the maxillary sinus. During inspiration, NO was present only in the nasal airway posterior to the maxillary sinus ostium, whereas during exhalation, the exhaled NO diffusely distributed throughout the nasal cavity.
Use of bedside ultrasound to confirm the positioning of the enteral catheter in critically ill patients
Authors: de Souza Ronan , Ravetti Cecilia Gómez , Castro Rafael Silva e , Frossard Elio Furbino , Anjos Isabella Santanna dos , Gomes Angélica Gomides dos Reis , Vassallo Paula Frizera , Nobre Vandack 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Enteral catheter (EC) nutrition is the most commonly used alternative in critically ill patients who require nutritional therapy. The incorrect positioning of the EC can result in severe complications. The plain X-ray, the gold standard method to confirm EC positioning has some disadvantages, such as radiation emission, loss of invasive devices, and adverse events. Few studies have investigated the role of bedside ultrasound (BUS) in the context. Aim: To evaluate the agreement between the BUS in a single epigastric window and the plain X-ray to confirm the positioning of the EC in critically ill patients. Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted in two Intensive Care Units (ICUs) of a university hospital, from July 2020 to March 2021. Included in this study were adult patients (age > or = 18 years) with a recommendation for enteral nutrition. The ultrasound exams were carried out immediately after the introduction of the EC, using only the epigastric window, with an injection of 5 ml of air associated with 5 ml of saline solution. In all cases, the plain radiography was taken to confirm the positioning of the EC and to define the beginning of nutritional therapy. Results: This study included 83 patients, with a median age of 60 (50-70) years, 51.8% of whom were female. The median body mass index (BMI) was 26.4 (23.8-30.1) kg/m2 and the median SOFA score was 8 (5-10) points. The mortality rate in the ICU was 50.6%. The positioning of the EC was confirmed by plain radiography in all cases and by ultrasound in 81 (97.6%) patients. The non-identification of the EC by ultrasound in two patients occurred due to abdominal distension caused by gas interference. The median duration of the ultrasound exam was 2 (2-3) minutes, while the time spent between the request for the X-ray and the release of the exam for a doctor’s appointment was 225 (120-330) minutes. Neither BUS nor X-ray was associated with the occurrence of adverse events. Conclusion: BUS proved to be an effective, quick, and safe method to confirm the position of the EC in critically ill patients. Clinical trials comparing outcomes related to the use of EC when confirmed by ultrasound or X-ray are warranted.
Flow field analysis and experimental study of a novel hydraulic rotary spool directional flow control valve
Authors: chang xuesen , wu haiming , yao yao , wu haiyan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Theoretical and experimental studies were conducted on the flow field of a novel type of rotary spool, directional control and throttle hydraulic valve. The rotary spool of hydraulic valve is 8mm in diameter. The Complete hydraulic valve is composed of two 3/2-way valves and two rotary spools. Two rotary motors were used to drive the spools’ rotation in order to control flow direction and flow. The valve was designed and manufactured about 2019(Wu et al. 2018). The internal flow field of the valve was analyzed using Ansys in order to obtain the flow field characteristics and other relevant parameters on paper. The valve parameters were tested to obtain the experimental values. The theoretically and experimentally obtained values were generally consistent for relevant parameters. The flow field analysis demonstrated that the novel rotary spool hydraulic valve is capable of control flow direction at the same time while adjusting hydraulic system flow (Mohammad, Khajepour, and Huang 2017).
Lightweight Image Super-Resolution with ConvNeXt Residual Network
Authors: Zhang Yong , Bai Haomou , Bing Yaxing , Liang Xiao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Single image super-resolution (SISR) based on convolutional neural networks has been very successful in recent years. However, as the computational cost is too high, making it difficult to apply to resource-constrained devices, a big challenge for existing approaches is to find a balance between the complexity of the CNN model and the quality of the resulting SR. To solve this problem, various lightweight SR networks have been proposed. In this paper, we propose lightweight and efficient residual networks (IRN), which differ from previous lightweight SR networks that aggregate more powerful features by improving feature utilization through complex layer-connection strategies. The main idea is to simplify feature aggregation by using simple and efficient residual modules for feature learning, thus achieving a good trade-off between the computational cost of the model and the quality of the resulting SR. In addition, we revisit the impact of the activation function in the model and observe that different activation functions have an impact on the performance of the model. The experiment results show that IRN outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods in benchmark tests while maintaining a relatively low computational cost. The code will be available at https://github.com/kptx666/IRN.
Study of the Chemical Composition of Carica Papaya L. Seed Oils of Various Geographic Origin
Authors: Goriainov S. V. , Orlova S. V. , Nikitina E. A. , Vandishev V. V. , Ivlev V. A. , Esparza C. A. , Vasil’ev V. G. , Platonov E. A. , Sheremeta A. V. , Kalabin G. A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical compounds present in the Carica papaya L. seed oil of different geographic origin in comparative aspect. The oils were extracted from the seeds of Carica papaya L. fruits collected in Kenya, the Dominican Republic, Angola, Ghana, Brazil, as well as from seeds of fruit plants grown in close environment (Russian Federation, Saratov). The seeds yielded 18.3–27.0% of oil. Parameters such as oil yield, refractive index, peroxide value, iodine value, saponification value and acid value of the extracted Carica papaya L. seed oils were determined. The qualitative and quantitative chemical composition of seed oils were determined by a combination of mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. The profiles and the content of fatty acids, sterols, triterpenic alcohols and benzyl isothiocyanate were established. The saponifiable fraction of the oils is represented predominantly by triglycerides (98.7–99.4%), and di- (0.4–1.1%) and monoglycerides (0.1–0.3%) are also present in minor amounts. They contain mainly oleic (68.7–74.9%), palmitic (14.2–16.9%), stearic (4.8–5.9%) and linoleic (3.4–6.8%) acids. The content of sterols and triterpene alcohols was (537.5–918.2) mg/100 g of oil (0.54–0.92%), up to 75% of the fraction was represented by β-sitosterol (55.9–66.7%) and its saturated analogue – sitostanol (11.0-15.7%). The content of benzyl isothiocyanate in lipid complexes ranged from 0.03–0.06%. The chemical composition of seed oils of Carica papaya L. fruits, cultivated in different geographic regions, is very similar. Carica papaya L. is considered to be a promising source of valuable seed oil.
WITHDRAWN: Parallel simulation of high-speed trains controlled by radio block centers using Spark cloud
Authors: Tao Xin , Zhou Yonghua , Mei Yiduo , Fujita Hamido 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Train movement prediction simulation is an effective method of enhancing operation safety and efficiency of railway transportation. In reality, train movement data generated by the trains running in a railway network are huge, and on the other hand, the data quantity generated from data processing is also explosively increased for the analysis and decision such as conflict recognition and scheduling optimization, which greatly increases the time cost of prediction simulation. This paper attempts to propose a train movement model driven by the movement authorities (MAs) issued from radio block centers (RBCs) and its parallel simulation algorithm realized on Spark cloud. This paper provides a solution of iterative computing of dynamic process simulation based on cloud. Different from the general big data processing of independent datasets, the resilient distributed datasets are expandable along iterative computing processes. The Dataframe of SparkSQL modules on Apache Spark is employed to handle the problems of usage interdependency of datasets. Each worker node independently and synchronously deals with the data belonging to a part of trains, and at the same time, requires the data from other worker nodes belonging to other parts of trains. The parallel simulation is realized by Scala language that is used to build the Spark platform. The simulation results on a high-speed railway network demonstrates that the proposed train movement model and parallel algorithm can achieve theoretical rationality and decrease the time cost to satisfy real-time performance.
Localized solutions of higher topological type for semiclassical generalized quasilinear Schrödinger equations
Authors: Fang Xiang-Dong , Liu Mei-Qi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Please see manuscript PDF for full abstract with equations.We consider the following semiclassical generalized quasilinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation\begin{equation*}-\varepsilon^2\text{div} (g^2(v)\nabla v)+\varepsilon^2g(v)g'(v)|\nabla v|^2+V(x)v=f(v), \quad x\in \mathbb{R}^{N},\end{equation*} where $V\in C^1(\mathbb{R}^N)$ is bounded and $f$ is odd in $v$ and satisfies a monotonicity condition. We establish the existence of multiple localized solutions concentrating at the set of critical points of $V$.
Generating Modified-Half-Normal Random Variates by a Relaxed Transformed Density Rejection Method
Authors: Gao Fengxin , Wang Hai-Bin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The modified-half-normal distribution often occurs as one of the posterior conditionals in many Bayesian statistical models. In order to developa uniformly efficient random variate generator for the entire parameter range of such distribution, we propose a relaxed transformed density rejection method such that it is available in case the optimal contact points in the original transformed density rejection method have no closed-form. Simulation results verify that the resultant generator is fast and robust for various distribution parameters. The proposed generator is particularly suitable for the varying parameter case such as in Gibbs sampler.
Prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling of a paternally inherited microduplication 18q11.1 to 18q11.2 in a Chinese family
Authors: Chen Juan , Zhang Ying , Zhang Mingxi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Copy number variants (CNVs) are an important source of normal and pathogenic genome variations. Chromosomal imbalances of several megabasepair in size are normally deleterious for the carrier. Still, rarely reported are so-called “unbalanced chromosome abnormalities” (UBCAs), which are either gains or losses or equally large genomic regions, but the affected person is not or only minimally clinically affected. The knowledge of such UBCAs is imperative also in chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) or noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT).Case presentation: A paternally inherited dup(18)(q11.1q11.2) was identified in a over two generations in a Chinese family. The affected region encompasses 25 genes, among which GATA6 is expressed in fetal endothelial cells and mesodermal cells. GATA6 duplications and /or mutations have been seen in cases with congenital heart disease but also non-affected individuals, suggesting incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. Conclusions: Duplications in the region of chromosome 18q11 have been rare reported previously in clinically healthy persons. Here a further family with an UBCA in 18q11 is added to the literature, suggesting a careful genetic counselling in comparable, especially prenatal cases.