bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactive effect of socio-eco-demographic characteristics and perceived physical activity barriers on physical activity level among older adults
Authors: Arazi Hamid , Izadi Mani , Kabirian Hadis 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Studies examining associations of socio-eco-demographic characteristics with physical activity (PA) participation of older adults have produced inconsistent results. Perceived PA barriers may be a possible explanation for the mixed findings. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the correlation of socio-eco-demographic (SED) characteristics with PA of older adults and the moderation effects of perceived barriers of PA.

Methods
Three hundred eighty-four older adults (≥ 60 years old) were recruited from public places in six different cities. Questions regarding socio-eco-demographic characteristics, PA, and perceived PA barriers were asked, in-person, by two examiners. Ordinal logistic regression models examined the association of socio-eco-demographic characteristics with subjectively measured PA, and the interactive effects of subscales of perceived PA barriers and socio-eco-demographic variables for PA outcomes.

Results

Significant main effects for PA outcomes were found for education and living status (P < 0.01) and college-educated individuals and those were living in their private houses reported higher PA. Also, 24 significant interactive effects of perceived PA barriers by socio-eco-demographic factors were found (P < 0.05). Significant moderation effects by all subscales of perceived PA barriers were observed for education and living status. The effect of age for the PA outcomes was moderated by “lack of time”, “fear of injury”, and “lack of skill”. Only “fear of injury” and “lack of time” moderated the effect of gender and marriage for outcome variable, respectively. The effect of employment was moderated by “lack of willpower”, “fear of injury”, “lack of skill” and “lack of resources”.

Conclusions

Novel evidence revealed that there are moderations by perceived PA barriers for the effect of almost all socio-eco-demographic characteristics. These findings highlight a need to consider older adults’ perspectives and perceptions, when it comes to establish policies for PA participation.
Excitation-Power-Dependent Upconversion Luminescence Competition in Single β-NaYbF4:Er Microcrystal Pumped at 808 nm
Authors: Yuan Maohui , Yang Zining , Yang Xu , Wang Linxuan , Wang Rui , Lan Sheng , Han Kai , Wang Hongyan , Xu Xiaojun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractControlling the upconversion luminescence (UCL) intensity ratio, especially pumped at 808 nm, is of fundamental importance in biological applications due to the water molecules exhibiting low absorption at this excitation wavelength. In this work, a series of β-NaYbF4:Er microrods were synthesized by a simple one-pot hydrothermal method and their intense green (545 nm) and red (650 nm) UCL were experimentally investigated based on the single-particle level under the excitation of 808 nm continuous-wave (CW) laser. Interestingly, the competition between the green and red UCL can be observed in highly Yb3+-doped microcrystals as the excitation intensity gradually increases, which leads to the UCL color changing from green to orange. However, the microcrystals doped with low Yb3+ concentration keep green color which is independent of the excitation power. Further investigations demonstrate that the cross-relaxation (CR) processes between Yb3+ and Er3+ ions result in the UCL competition.
Graphical Abstract
Computational analysis of cortical neuronal excitotoxicity in a large animal model of neonatal brain injury
Authors: Kratimenos Panagiotis , Vij Abhya , Vidva Robinson , Koutroulis Ioannis , Delivoria-Papadopoulos Maria , Gallo Vittorio , Sathyanesan Aaron 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Neonatal hypoxic brain injury is a major cause of intellectual and developmental disability. Hypoxia causes neuronal dysfunction and death in the developing cerebral cortex due to excitotoxic Ca2+-influx. In the translational piglet model of hypoxic encephalopathy, we have previously shown that hypoxia overactivates Ca2+/Calmodulin (CaM) signaling via Sarcoma (Src) kinase in cortical neurons, resulting in overexpression of proapoptotic genes. However, identifying the exact relationship between alterations in neuronal Ca2+-influx, molecular determinants of cell death, and the degree of hypoxia in a dynamic system represents a significant challenge.

Methods
We used experimental and computational methods to identify molecular events critical to the onset of excitotoxicity-induced apoptosis in the cerebral cortex of newborn piglets. We used 2–3-day-old piglets (normoxic [Nx], hypoxic [Hx], and hypoxic + Src-inhibitor-treatment [Hx+PP2] groups) for biochemical analysis of ATP production, Ca2+-influx, and Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) expression. We then used SimBiology to build a computational model of the Ca2+/CaM-Src-kinase signaling cascade, simulating Nx, Hx, and Hx+PP2 conditions. To evaluate our model, we used Sobol variance decomposition, multiparametric global sensitivity analysis, and parameter scanning.

Results
Our model captures important molecular trends caused by hypoxia in the piglet brain. Incorporating the action of Src kinase inhibitor PP2 further validated our model and enabled predictive analysis of the effect of hypoxia on CaMKK2. We determined the impact of a feedback loop related to Src phosphorylation of NMDA receptors and activation kinetics of CaMKII. We also identified distinct modes of signaling wherein Ca2+ level alterations following Src kinase inhibition may not be a linear predictor of changes in Bax expression. Importantly, our model indicates that while pharmacological pre-treatment significantly reduces the onset of abnormal Ca2+-influx, there exists a window of intervention after hypoxia during which targeted modulation of Src-NMDAR interaction kinetics in combination with PP2 administration can reduce Ca2+-influx and Bax expression to similar levels as pre-treatment.

Conclusions
Our model identifies new dynamics of critical components in the Ca2+/CaM-Src signaling pathway leading to neuronal injury and provides a feasible framework for drug efficacy studies in translational models of neonatal brain injury for the prevention of intellectual and developmental disabilities.
E-cadherin expressions on bladder and its association with cancer progressivity: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tambunan Made Parulian , Saraswati Meilania , Umbas Rainy , Mochtar Chaidir Arif , Hamid Agus Rizal Ardy Hariandy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Bladder cancer is characterized by high recurrence and progressivity. E-cadherin serves as one of the most important molecules involved in the epithelial cells’ cell-to-cell adherence, suggested to inhibit tumor cell progression. This study aims to investigate the association between the E-cadherin expressions with bladder cancer progressiveness in 3 years.

Methods
This study was a retrospective cohort study involving bladder cancer patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. Diagnosis of bladder cancers was confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemistry examination between 2011 and 2018, with both grading and staging determined by uropathologists and uro-oncologists. E-cadherin was examined through immunohistochemistry examination at the time of diagnosis. Data on demography, muscle invasion, clinical staging, grade, metastasis, multifocality, and recurrence were obtained from medical records and pathology reports. The association of E-cadherin expression to muscle invasion and non-muscle invasion bladder cancer was evaluated and statistically analyzed. Patients’ survival data were followed up by phone.

Results
Forty bladder cancer patients with a mean age of 60.05 ± 10.3 years were included. Most subjects had high E-cadherin expression (85%), muscle invasion (65%), high grade (65%), no metastasis (87.5%), multifocality (65%), and no recurrence (62.5%). Lower expression of E-cadherin was associated with the higher clinical stage (p < 0.02) and metastasis (p < 0.001). Patients with low E-cadherin expression showed worse cumulative survival than the high one (mean 32 months vs. 25 months, p = 0.13).

Conclusions
Low level of E-cadherin was associated with the higher risk of muscle invasion, clinical staging, histological grade, and risk of metastasis. Meanwhile, patients with the high level of E-cadherin showed a better three-year survival rate.
Whole exome sequencing of pediatric leukemia reveals a novel InDel within FLT-3 gene in AML patient from Mizo tribal population, Northeast India
Authors: Vanlallawma Andrew , Lallawmzuali Doris , Pautu Jeremy L. , Scaria Vinod , Sivasubbu Sridhar , Kumar Nachimuthu Senthil 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Leukemia is the most common type of cancer in pediatrics. Genomic mutations contribute towards the molecular mechanism of disease progression and also helps in diagnosis and prognosis. This is the first scientific mutational exploration in whole exome of pediatric leukemia patients from a cancer prone endogamous Mizo tribal population, Northeast India.

Result
Three non-synonymous exonic variants in NOTCH1 (p.V1699E), MUTYH (p.G143E) and PTPN11 (p.S502P) were found to be pathogenic. A novel in-frame insertion-deletion within the juxtamembrane domain of FLT3 (p.Tyr589_Tyr591delinsTrpAlaGlyAsp) was also observed.

Conclusion
These unique variants could have a potential mutational significance and these could be candidate genes in elucidating the possibility of predisposition to cancers within the population. This study merits further investigation for its role in diagnosis and prognosis and also suggests the need for population wide screening to identify unique mutations that might play a key role towards precision medicine.
Plastid retrograde regulation of miRNA expression in response to light stress
Authors: Barczak-Brzyżek Anna , Brzyżek Grzegorz , Koter Marek , Siedlecka Ewa , Gawroński Piotr , Filipecki Marcin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous noncoding RNAs that play a pivotal role in the regulation of plant development and responses to the surrounding environment. Despite the efforts made to elucidate their function in the adaptation of plants to many abiotic and biotic stresses, their role in high light (HL) stress is still vague. HL stress often arises upon plant exposure to full sunlight. Subsequent changes in nuclear gene expression are triggered by chloroplast-derived retrograde signals.ResultsIn this study, we show that HL is involved in miRNA-dependent regulation inArabidopsis thalianarosettes. Microtranscriptomic screening revealed a limited number of miRNAs reacting to HL. To explain the miRNA regulation mechanisms at the different biogenesis stages, chemical and genetic approaches were applied. First, we tested the possible role of plastoquinone (PQ) redox changes using photosynthetic electron transport chain inhibitors. The results suggest that increased primary transcript abundance (pri-miRNAs) of HL-regulated miRNAs is dependent on signals upstream of PQ. This indicates that such signals may originate from photosystem II, which is the main singlet oxygen (1O2) source. Nevertheless, no changes in pri-miRNA expression upon a dark–light shift in the conditionalfluorescent(flu) mutant producing1O2were observed when compared to wild-type plants. Thus, we explored the1O2signaling pathway, which is initiated independently in HL and is related to β-carotene oxidation and production of volatile derivatives, such as β-cyclocitral (β-CC). Pri-miRNA induction by β-CC, which is a component of this1O2pathway, as well as an altered response in themethylene blue sensitivity 1(mbs1) mutant support the role of1O2signaling in miRNA regulation.ConclusionsWe show that light stress triggers changes in miRNA expression. This stress response may be regulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related signaling. In conclusion, our results link ROS action to miRNA biogenesis, suggesting its contribution to inconsistent pri- and mature miRNA dynamics.
Phenotype correlation analysis and excellent germplasm screening of herb Bletilla Rchb. f. based on comprehensive evaluation from thirty-three geographic populations
Authors: Huang Junfeng , Yuan Fang , Zhou Ming , Huang Tianyue , Zhang Yanjun , Liang Qiong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The Bletilla genus of Orchidaceae includes plants with great economic value, among which B. striata is the main traditional medicinal plant, and its pseudobulb, known as BaiJi, was first recorded in Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica. However, there has been little systemic evaluation of the germplasm quality of Bletilla plants in China. In order to comprehensive evaluate the Bletilla resources in China and screen out the candidate phenotypic traits determining yield and/or quality of Bletilla, the variation of phenotypic indicators (pseudobulb, leaf, stem, inflorescence, flower) and active ingredients contents (polysaccharide, total phenolics and militarine) in different populations of B. striata and B. ochracea were investigated through 4 years’ common-garden experiment.

Results
There were abundant phenotypic variations and significant differences among different populations in the morphological phenotypes, pseudobulb weight and main active ingredient contents. AHBZ, HBLT and HBSN populations showed good prospects for industrial development, presenting higher quality in terms of yield and main active ingredient content. Pseudobulb yield, polysaccharide and total phenol content are positively correlated with phenotypic traits. Militarine content is negatively correlated with almost all indexes. Plant height, leaf width and stem diameter may be important indicators of potential excellent germplasms.

Conclusions
Bletilla is not strictly geoauthentic medicinal plants. B. ochracea could be accepted as an alternative resource to B. striata. The best harvest period of Bletilla is the third year after cultivation. Plant height, leaf width and stem diameter may be important indicators of potential excellent germplasms. These results provide important information required for the efficient screening and utilization of Bletilla germplasm resources.
Using group model building to frame the commercial determinants of dietary behaviour in adolescence – proposed methods for online system mapping workshops
Authors: Chavez-Ugalde Yanaina , Toumpakari Zoi , White Martin , De Vocht Frank , Jago Russell 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Group model building (GMB) is a participatory approach whereby diverse stakeholders can share their views about a problem to create a collective understanding of a complex system. In this article we report our methodological approach to adapt face-to-face GMB processes to an online format to explore the mechanisms by which commercial drivers influence adolescents’ dietary behaviour. We use our experiences to make recommendations on how online GMB could be delivered.

Methods
We planned, adapted, piloted, delivered, and evaluated a series of online GMB workshops with adolescents, policymakers and public health practitioners to create a system map of the commercial determinants of dietary behaviour in adolescence. We adapted face-to-face GMB workshops to a series of 3 online GMB workshops with 11 adolescents (16–18 years) living in the Southwest of England, and one GMB workshop with policymakers and public health practitioners.

Results
In our experience, adapting, and delivering GMB online is feasible, engaging, cost-saving and an enjoyable experience. Participants gave positive feedback in terms of engagement and enjoyment, and it allowed them to recognise different points of view about the same problem. Participants became familiarised with system thinking and system dynamics concepts, developed a shared understanding of a complex issue and portrayed it in a system map that depicted the most important factors in a causal structure as well as their interactions at various levels.

Conclusions
We recommend using process mapping to understand the overall GMB process in an online environment and piloting the workshops to test the timings and flow between online platforms. For facilitation and delivery, facilitators need to ensure they can create an inviting and engaging online environment, even for participants who decide to have their cameras off. Separating GMB activities into different workshops allowed participants to reflect on the problem being discussed and bring new ideas to subsequent workshops. Evaluating the workshops enabled us to build evidence on the trade-offs between the effectiveness, quality and efficiency of online GMB workshops, and how this might be enhanced to identify leverage points and achieve systemic changes in complex issues.

Ethical approval
The research was approved by the University of Bristol’s Faculty of Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee (Ref: 99,003) and written consent was received from all participants.
Efficacy and predictor of anti-TNFα agents in patients with intestinal Behçet's disease
Authors: Miyazaki Haruka , Watanabe Daisuke , Okamoto Norihiro , Tokunaga Eri , Ku Yuna , Takenaka Haruka , Hoshi Namiko , Ooi Makoto , Kodama Yuzo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Behçet’s disease (BD) is a recurrent multisystem inflammatory disease. Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α agents have been used to treat patients with intestinal BD with severe disease activity or those who are resistant to conventional treatments; however, the long-term efficacy of anti-TNFα agents in intestinal BD remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the clinical outcomes and predictors of discontinuation of anti-TNFα agents in patients with intestinal BD.

Methods
We reviewed the medical records of patients with intestinal BD who received first-line anti-TNFα agents between January 2009 and June 2020. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients who continued anti-TNFα therapy for 48 weeks. Secondary outcomes included the percentage of patients who achieved marked improvement, complete remission, and mucosal healing, as well as predictors of discontinuation of anti-TNFα agents.

Results
A total of 29 patients were included in the study. Twenty-two (75.9%) patients continued anti-TNFα therapy for 48 weeks. The percentage of patients who achieved marked improvement, complete remission, and mucosal healing at week 48 was 48.3%, 37.9%, and 48.3%, respectively. At week 96, 11 (37.9%) patients achieved marked improvement, complete remission, and mucosal healing. A higher C-reactive protein level (CRP; ≥ 1 mg/dL) at baseline was a predictor of discontinuation of anti-TNFα agents.

Conclusions
The 48-week continuation rate of anti-TNFα agents was 75.9% in bio-naïve patients with intestinal BD. However, a higher baseline CRP level (≥ 1 mg/dL) was associated with discontinuation of anti-TNFα agents.
The prevalence and prognostic value of frailty screening measures in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer: observations from a systematic review
Authors: McGovern Josh , Dolan Ross D. , Horgan Paul G. , Laird Barry J. , McMillan Donald C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Frailty is a complex multifactorial syndrome characterised by a significant increase in vulnerability and worsened health outcomes. Despite a range of proposed frailty screening measures, the prevalence and prognostic value of frailty in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer is not clear.

Aim
The aim of this present review was to examine the use of commonly employed frailty screening measures in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer.

Methods
A systematic search of PubMed and Medline was carried out to identify studies reporting the use of frailty screening tools or measures in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer. The screening measure used and prevalence of frailty within the population were recorded. Outcomes of interest were the incidence of post-operative complications, 30-day mortality and overall survival.

Results
Of the 15 studies included (n = 97, 898 patients), 9 studies were retrospective and included patients aged 70 years or older (n = 96, 120 patients). 5 of 12 studies reported that frailty was independently associated with the incidence of post-operative complications. There was also evidence that frailty was independently associated with 30-day mortality (1 of 4 studies, n = 9, 252 patients) and long-term survival (2 of 3 studies, n = 1, 420 patients).

Conclusions
Frailty was common in patients with colorectal cancer and the assessment of frailty may have prognostic value in patients undergoing surgery. However, the basis of the relationship between frailty and post-operative outcomes is not clear and merits further study.
Long-term association of vegetable and fruit intake with risk of dementia in Japanese older adults: the Hisayama study
Authors: Kimura Yasumi , Yoshida Daigo , Ohara Tomoyuki , Hata Jun , Honda Takanori , Hirakawa Yoichiro , Shibata Mao , Oishi Emi , Sakata Satoko , Furuta Yoshihiko , Chen Sanmei , Uchida Kazuhiro , Nakao Tomohiro , Kitazono Takanari , Ninomiya Toshiharu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Several prospective Western studies have reported an inverse association of vegetable and fruit intake with dementia risk. However, there is limited epidemiologic evidence in Asians. This study investigated the association of intakes of vegetables, fruits, and their nutrients on the risk of incident dementia and its subtypes in a Japanese community.

Methods
A total of 1071 participants (452 men and 619 women) aged ≥60 years without dementia at baseline were prospectively followed up for 24 years. Intakes of vegetables, fruits, and nutrients were evaluated using a 70-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline and were categorized into quartiles separately by gender. The outcome measure was the development of dementia and its subtypes—namely, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD). The risk estimates of incident dementia were computed using a Cox proportional hazards model.

Results
During the long-term follow-up period, 464 subjects developed dementia, of whom 286 had AD and 144 had VaD. Higher vegetable intake was associated gradually with lower risk of developing dementia and AD (both P-trend < 0.05), but not VaD, after adjusting for confounders. Subjects allocated the highest quartile of vegetable intake had 27 and 31% lower risk of dementia and AD, respectively, than those with the lowest quartile. The risk of dementia decreased significantly with higher intakes of vitamin A, riboflavin, vitamin C, magnesium, calcium, and potassium (all P-trend < 0.05). Subjects with higher total dietary fiber intake tended to be at decreased risk for total dementia (P-trend = 0.07). Meanwhile, there were no significant associations between fruit intake and the risk of dementia and its subtypes.

Conclusion
Higher intakes of vegetables and their constituent nutrients were associated with a lower risk of dementia in Japanese older adults. A diet rich in vegetables may be beneficial in reducing the dementia risk in Asians.