bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brazilian stock market performance and investor sentiment on Twitter
Authors: Souza Dyliane Mouri Silva de , Martins Orleans Silva 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThis study identified how investor sentiment on Twitter is associated with Brazilian stock market return and trading volume.Design/methodology/approachThe study analyzes 314,864 tweets between January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2018, collected with the Tweepy library. The companies’ financial data were obtained from Refinitiv Eikon. Using the netnographic method, a Twitter Investor Sentiment Index (ISI) was constructed based on terms associated with the stocks. This Twitter sentiment was attributed through machine learning using the Google Cloud Natural Language API. The associations between Twitter sentiment and market performance were performed using quantile regressions and vector auto-regression (VAR) models, because the variables of interest are heterogeneous and non-normal, even as relationships can be dynamic.FindingsIn the contemporary period, the ISI is positively correlated with stock market returns, but negatively correlated with trading volume. The autoregressive analysis did not confirm the expectation of a dynamic relationship between sentiment and market variables. The quantile analysis showed that the ISI explains the stock market return, however, only at times of lower returns. It is possible to state that this effect is due to the informational content of the tweets (sentiment), and not to the volume of tweets.Originality/valueThe study presents unprecedented evidence for the Brazilian market that investor sentiment can be identified on Twitter, and that this sentiment can be useful for the formation of an investment strategy, especially in times of lower returns. These findings are original and relevant to market agents, such as investors, managers and regulators, as they can be used to obtain abnormal returns.
Incorporating management action suitability in conservation plans
Authors: Carter Zachary T. , Hanson Jeffrey O. , Perry George L. W. , Russell James C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractConservation decision makers must negotiate social and technical complexities to achieve desired biodiversity outcomes. Quantitative models can inform decision making, by evaluating and predicting management outcomes, so that comparisons can be made between alternative courses of action. However, whether a proposed action is appropriate for implementation, regardless of its contribution to management outcomes, also requires consideration. Existing quantitative models have yet to fully incorporate the suitability of proposed management actions, which hinders their ability to inform decision making.We used gradient boosted decision trees – a machine‐learning technique – to determine the suitability of alternative management actions available to a biodiversity conservation programme. We demonstrate our approach using the Predator Free 2050 programme – a large and complex conservation initiative that seeks to eradicate selected invasive vertebrates from the entirety of New Zealand by 2050. We created a nationally contiguous network of management tools to suppress populations of invasive species across the entire country. We then used our suitability predictions to explore three scenarios for selecting invasive species management tools, based on maximising (a) implementation probability, (b) humaneness and (c) cost‐savings.Our models highlighted that an interplay of factors influence where management tools can potentially be implemented. Our management scenarios revealed what different contiguous management networks could look like for New Zealand over the next 10–15 years as an interim step to achieving Predator Free 2050. Each scenario differed in the tools selected for implementation in different places and in the overall economic costs associated with creating a contiguous management network. Some locations were identified as unsuitable for any existing management tools, indicating that future transformative technologies may be required to create a contiguous network.Synthesis and applications. Conservation decision making must not only consider biodiversity outcomes but also whether selected management actions are appropriate in the first place. Here, we used machine‐learning techniques to determine the suitability of competing managements actions that are proposed to meet biodiversity objectives. Our approach provides an objective, transparent and reproducible framework to determine the suitability of actions at sites across large spatial extents, under complex social and technical constraints.
Dinoflagellate hosts determine the community structure of marine Chytridiomycota: Demonstration of their prominent interactions
Authors: Fernández‐Valero Alan Denis , Reñé Albert , Timoneda Natàlia , Sampedro Nagore , Garcés Esther 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe interactions of parasitic fungi with their phytoplankton hosts in the marine environment are mostly unknown. In this study, we evaluated the diversity of Chytridiomycota in phytoplankton communities dominated by dinoflagellates at several coastal locations in the NW Mediterranean Sea and demonstrated the most prominent interactions of these parasites with their hosts. The protist community in seawater differed from that in sediment, with the latter characterized by a greater heterogeneity of putative hosts, such as dinoflagellates and diatoms, as well as a chytrid community more diverse in its composition and with a higher relative abundance. Chytrids accounted for 77 amplicon sequence variants, of which 70 were found exclusively among different blooming host species. The relative abundance of chytrids was highest in samples dominated by the dinoflagellate genera Ostreopsis and Alexandrium, clearly indicating the presence of specific chytrid communities. The establishment of parasitoid‐host co‐cultures of chytrids and dinoflagellates allowed the morphological identification and molecular characterization of three species of Chytridiomycota, including Dinomyces arenysensis, as one of the most abundant environmental sequences, and the discovery of two other species not yet described.
Aridity differentially alters the stability of soil bacterial and fungal networks in coastal and inland areas of Australia
Authors: Chen Qing‐Lin , Xiang Qian , Sun An‐Qi , Hu Hang‐Wei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDespite the importance of soil bacterial and fungal communities for ecosystem services and human welfare, how their ecological networks respond to climatic aridity have yet been evaluated. Here, we collected soil samples from 47 sites across 2500 km in coastal and inland areas of eastern Australia with contrasting status of aridity. We found that the diversity of both bacteria and fungi significantly differed between inland and coastal soils. Despite the significant differences in soil nutrient availability and stoichiometry between the inland and coastal regions, aridity was the most important predictor of bacterial and fungal community compositions. Aridity has altered the potential microbial migration rates and further impacted the microbial assembly processes by increasing the importance of stochasticity in bacterial and fungal communities. More importantly, ecological network analysis indicated that aridity enhanced the complexity and stability of the bacterial network but reduced that of the fungal network, possibly due to the contrasting impacts of aridity on the community‐level habitat niche breadth and overlaps. Our work paves the way towards a more comprehensive understanding of how climate changes will alter soil microbial communities, which is integral to predicting their long‐term consequences for ecosystem sustainability and resilience to future disturbances.
Cash to spend: IPO wealth and house prices
Authors: Hartman‐Glaser Barney , Thibodeau Mark , Yoshida Jiro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study demonstrates the impact of initial public offerings (IPOs) on local house prices. Applying spatial difference‐in‐differences methods to IPOs in California from 1993 to 2017, we find house prices increase by 0.7%–0.9% near an IPO firm's headquarters around filing and issuing dates. Upon lockup expiration, price changes depend on postissuance returns. Treating the San Francisco Bay as a commuting barrier, we identify sustained price increases after filings and temporary increases after issuing and lockup expiration. We also confirm post‐IPO price divergence between the treatment and synthetic control areas. Our findings indicate the effect of liquid wealth under mild financial constraints.
Analysis of indole and indazole amides synthetic cannabinoids by differential Raman spectroscopy based on ANN
Authors: Lee Jin , Jiang Hong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA simple, rapid, accurate, and non‐destructive method was developed for the determination of cannabinoids, combining principal component analysis and multi‐layer perceptron neural network to classify indole and indazole amide synthetic cannabinoids. Under the experimental conditions of this study, 25 experimental samples were successfully classified into two categories as the final classification, which guaranteed 96% correct rate. First, the samples were manually classified and divided into two categories according to the difference in peak position and peak intensity of the differential Raman characteristic peaks at 650–540 cm−1, etc. Fisher's discriminant method (FDA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to analyze the experimental data. Fisher's discriminant analysis was used to formulate two classification functions to discriminate the results of manual classification, and the overall accuracy rate of classification reached 88%. Principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimensionality of the data, which could reduce the influence of redundant data on the experimental results. The original data, FDA‐processed data and PCA‐processed data, and artificial neural network algorithm (ANN‐MLP/RBF) were combined to build a classification model. In the MLP model, the classification accuracy of the original data, FDA‐processed data, and PCA‐processed data was 80%, 92%, and 96% respectively, and the overall accuracy of the sample classification was 89.33%. In the RBF model, the accuracy of sample classification was 76%, 84%, and 92% respectively, and the overall accuracy of sample classification was 84%. Differential Raman spectroscopy could be used to distinguish 25 kinds of synthetic cannabinoids, and finally, the samples were divided into two categories. The PCA + MLP model was the best for processing spectral data. Based on the perspective of multivariate data, this study demonstrated that the method could be used for rapid and non‐destructive testing of indole and indazole amide synthetic cannabinoids and that an efficient and non‐destructive classification model was obtained. This method could be used for rapid detection and inspection of drugs in the field of forensic science.
Embedding reciprocity in human resource management: A social exchange theory of the role of frontline managers
Authors: Kilroy Jennifer , Dundon Tony , Townsend Keith 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article focuses on frontline managers (FLM) who, until recently, have been neglected as key actors in the implementation of human resource management policies and subsequent employee performance outcomes. This research finds that FLMs are not a homogenous entity who act as robotic conformists, but rather evolve and become important agents shaping organisational performance outcomes and worker effort. The article extends social exchange theory to present a ‘zone of reciprocity’ that refines understanding of the causal chain between different FLM styles, HR policy and employee performance outcomes of organisational citizenship behaviour and commitment. The data are survey responses from 613 employees who all work and report to specific FLM in a single medical device multi‐divisional organisation. The article offers new theory development as well as implications for practitioners interested in FLM and the HR performance causal chain.
Incentive Contract Design and Employee‐Initiated Innovation: Evidence from the Field*
Authors: Cai Wei , Gallani Susanna , Shin Jee‐Eun 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTThis study examines how the design of incentive contracts for tasks defined as workers' official responsibilities (i.e., standard tasks) influences workers' propensity to engage in employee‐initiated innovation (EII). EII corresponds to innovation activities that are not formally assigned to workers but are nonetheless encouraged and considered to be important for the company's success. Like other extra‐role behaviors, EII is difficult to incentivize directly. Therefore, it is important to understand whether and how explicit incentive contracts designed for the workers' standard tasks may indirectly influence their EII activity. We use field data from a manufacturing company that uses a dedicated information system to track workers' EII idea submissions. We find theory‐consistent evidence that, compared to workers receiving fixed pay, employees rewarded for their standard tasks with variable compensation contracts exhibit a lower propensity to engage in EII. This result is concentrated among ideas benefiting other constituents and activities beyond the proponents' standard task (i.e., broad‐scope ideas). In contrast, we find no difference attributable to standard task incentive design in the proposal of innovation ideas narrowly focused on the proponent's standard task (i.e., narrow‐scope ideas). Our findings suggest that variable pay narrows employees' conceptual focus around the standard task and hinders employee engagement in broad‐scope innovation activities compared to fixed compensation contracts. We contribute to the literature on incentives for innovation by showing that standard task compensation contracts have spillover effects on EII behavior. We also contribute to the nascent literature on EII by showing that innovation types, defined based on their relation with the proponent's standard task, matter. Our results are relevant for practitioners in that managers relying on variable pay contracts to incentivize standard task performance should expect lower employee engagement in broad‐scope EII.
Antimicrobial action of four herbal plants over mixed‐species biofilms of Candida albicans with four different microorganisms
Authors: Domingues Nádia , Ramos Lucas de Paula , Pereira Larissa Marques , do Rosário Estevam dos Santos Pâmela Beatriz , Scorzoni Liliana , Pereira Thaís Cristine , Abu Hasna Amjad , Carvalho Cláudio Antonio Talge , de Oliveira Luciane Dias 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of four herbal plants glycolic extracts over mixed‐species biofilm composed of Candida albicans (C. albicans) and another pathogenic bacterium as alternative therapy to be investigated. Four plants extract of Pfaffia paniculata roots; Hamamelis virginiana leaf, Stryphnodendron barbatiman tree bark and Gymnema sylvestre stem and leaves were tested over multi‐species biofilm of C. albicans (ATCC 18804) and Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 35688), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 4083) or Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 15442) for 5 min and 24 h and colony forming units per millilitre was calculated. The data were analysed using Kruskal–Wallis with Dunn's test (p ≤ 0.05). All tested extracts showed antimicrobial action over the mixed‐species biofilms after 24 h. Some extracts eliminated totally the biofilms. The glycolic extract of P. paniculata, H. virginiana, S. barbatiman and G. sylvestre are effective over mixed‐species biofilms and may be indicated as endodontic irrigant or intracanal medication.
Internal morphology of distal roots of mandibular first molars revealed by computed microtomography
Authors: Marceliano‐Alves Marília F. , de Coutinho Thais Machado Carvalho , Ronquete Vivian , Goulard Paula Avelar Ribeiro , do Nascimento Larissa Moraes Gabriel , de Almeida dos Santos Antoine , Lopes Ricardo Tadeu , Lins Renata Ximenes , da Silva Limoeiro Ana Grasiela , Nascimento Wayne Martins , Amoroso‐Silva Pablo Andres 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo evaluate the internal morphology of 100 distal roots of mandibular first molars using micro‐CT. Teeth were scanned to characterise: Vertucci type, root length, canal shape, presence and location of accessory canals, and the number of foramina at 4 mm from the apex, presence of root isthmus and the length from the primary canal to the apical foramen. Vertucci type I was found in 57% of cases, followed by V (27%). The most common cross‐section 1 mm from the apex was oval (49%) and circular (38%). The average root length was 16.06 mm (16.61–19.02 mm). The mean foramen size was 0.32 and 0.53 mm for the minor and major diameters, respectively. The volume, surface area and SMI were 7.84 mm3, 68.87 mm2 and 1.52 mm, respectively. Root isthmi were found in 47% of the samples, and the length mean from the primary canal to the apical foramen was 2,03 mm. The internal morphology of the distal roots of mandibular first molars may be complex and shows variations.
Discoid (nummular) eczema in the paediatric setting – An Australian/New Zealand narrative
Authors: McWhirter Seamus , Foster Rachael , Halbert Anne , Miller Robert , Morgan Vanessa A. , Rademaker Marius , Robertson Susan , Scardamaglia Laura , Warren Lachlan , Wong Li‐Chuen , Zappala Tania , Orchard David 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDiscoid (nummular) eczema is a common and distinctive eczema variant, which has not been studied in depth. Although the principles of management are similar to that of classic atopic dermatitis, distinctions are made due to its unique presentation and persistent clinical course in children. Australian and New Zealand dermatologists with an interest in paediatric eczema developed a consensus narrative to assist clinicians in diagnosing and treating this subtype of eczema. Identifying triggers, potent topical corticosteroids under occlusion, skin barrier support and management of pruritus are first‐line therapies, however, many eventually require systemic immunomodulatory agents.
Allergic disease trajectories up to adolescence: Characteristics, early‐life, and genetic determinants
Authors: Kilanowski Anna , Thiering Elisabeth , Wang Gang , Kumar Ashish , Kress Sara , Flexeder Claudia , Bauer Carl‐Peter , Berdel Dietrich , von Berg Andrea , Bergström Anna , Gappa Monika , Heinrich Joachim , Herberth Gunda , Koletzko Sibylle , Kull Inger , Melén Erik , Schikowski Tamara , Peters Annette , Standl Marie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAllergic diseases often develop jointly during early childhood but differ in timing of onset, remission, and progression. Their disease course over time is often difficult to predict and determinants are not well understood.ObjectivesWe aimed to identify trajectories of allergic diseases up to adolescence and to investigate their association with early‐life and genetic determinants and clinical characteristics.MethodsLongitudinal k‐means clustering was used to derive trajectories of allergic diseases (asthma, atopic dermatitis, and rhinitis) in two German birth cohorts (GINIplus/LISA). Associations with early‐life determinants, polygenic risk scores, food and aeroallergen sensitization, and lung function were estimated by multinomial models. The results were replicated in the independent Swedish BAMSE cohort.ResultsSeven allergic disease trajectories were identified: “Intermittently allergic,” “rhinitis,” “early‐resolving dermatitis,” “mid‐persisting dermatitis,” “multimorbid,” “persisting dermatitis plus rhinitis,” and “early‐transient asthma.” Family history of allergies was more prevalent in all allergic disease trajectories compared the non‐allergic controls with stronger effect sizes for clusters comprising more than one allergic disease (e.g., RRR = 5.0, 95% CI = [3.1–8.0] in the multimorbid versus 1.8 [1.4–2.4] in the mild intermittently allergic cluster). Specific polygenic risk scores for single allergic diseases were significantly associated with their relevant trajectories. The derived trajectories and their association with genetic effects and clinical characteristics showed similar results in BAMSE.ConclusionSeven robust allergic clusters were identified and showed associations with early life and genetic factors as well as clinical characteristics.
Potential role of dynein‐related genes in the etiology of male infertility: A systematic review and a meta‐analysis
Authors: Levkova Mariya , Radanova Maria , Angelova Lyudmila 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe dynein‐related genes may have a role in the etiology of male infertility, particularly in cases of impaired sperm motility.ObjectivesThe goal of this review is to compile a list of the most important dynein‐related candidate genes that may contribute to male factor infertility.Materials and methodsDatabases were searched using the keywords “dynein,” “male,” “infertility,” and by applying strict inclusion criteria. A meta‐analysis was also performed by using the eligible case‐control studies. The odd ratios (ORs), the Z‐test score, and the level of significance were determined using a fixed model with a p value of 0.05. Funnel plots were used to check for publication bias.ResultsThere were 35 studies that met the inclusion criteria. There were a total of 15 genes responsible for the production of dynein structural proteins, the production of dynein assembling factors, and potentially associated with male infertility. A total of five case‐control studies were eligible for inclusion in the meta‐analysis. Variants in the dynein‐related genes were linked to an increased the risk of male infertility (OR = 21.52, 95% confidence interval 8.34–55.50, Z test = 6.35, p < 0.05). The percentage of heterogeneity, I2, was 47.00%. The lack of variants in the dynein genes was an advantage, and this was statistically significant.DiscussionThe results from the present review illustrate that pathogenic variants in genes both for dynein synthesis and for dynein assembly factors could be associated with isolated cases of male infertility without any other symptoms.ConclusionsThe genes addressed in this study, which are involved in both the production and assembly of dynein, could be used as molecular targets for future research into the etiology of sperm motility problems.