bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Test of a Homeopathic Algorithm for COVID-19: the Importance of a Broad Perspective
Authors: Miglani Anjali , Manchanda Raj Kumar , Kalsi Amrit , Kaur Prabhjeet , Saini Beenu , Arora Amit , Nagrath Cheshta , Kannoth Jithesh Thavarayil , Kudiyarasu Ram Kumar , Vardaan Rahul , Brahmachari Smita , Gupta Ankit , Arora Shelly , Balan Shirin , Sharma Kavita , Ray Malaya Kumar , Chawla Anu , Ghuliani Manjula , Pandey Anurag , Fibert Philippa , Rutten Lex 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background Most of the symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are covered by large repertory rubrics and hence many remedies have been proposed as “genus epidemicus”. The aim of this study was to combine the information from various data collections to prepare a COVID-19 Bayesian mini-repertory/an algorithm-based application (app) and test it.
Methods In July 2021, 1,161 COVID-19 cases from 100 practitioners globally were combined. These data were used to calculate “condition-confined” likelihood ratios (LRs) for 59 symptoms of COVID-19. Out of these, 35 symptoms of the 11 medicines that had at least 20 cases each were considered. The information was entered in a spreadsheet (algorithm) to calculate combined LRs of specific combinations of symptoms. The algorithm contained the medicines Arsenicum album, Belladonna, Bryonia alba, Camphora, Gelsemium sempervirens, Hepar sulphuris, Mercurius solubilis, Nux vomica, Phosphorus, Pulsatilla and Rhus toxicodendron. To test concordance, the doctors were then invited to re-enter the symptoms of their cases into this algorithm.
Results The algorithm was re-tested on 358 cases, and concordance was seen in 288 cases. On analysis of the data, bias was noticed in the Merc group, which was therefore excluded from the algorithm. The remaining 10 medicines, representing 81.8% of all cases, were included in the preparation of the next version of the homeopathic mini-repertory and app.
Conclusion The Bayesian mini-repertory and app is based on qualitative clinical experiences of various doctors in COVID-19 and gives indications for specific medicines for common COVID-19 symptoms. It is freely available [English: https://hpra.co.uk/; Spanish: https://hpra.co.uk/es ] for further testing and utilization by the profession.
Preanesthetic Evaluation and Preparation for Neurosurgical Procedures: An Indian Perspective
Authors: Bindra Ashish , Bharadwaj Suparna , Mishra Nitasha , Masapu Dheeraj , Bhargava Saurabh , Luthra Ankur , Marda Manish , Hrishi Ajay P. , Bhagat Hemant , Bidkar Prasanna U. , Vanamoorthy Ponniah , Ali Zulfiqar , Khan Maroof A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background A questionnaire-based survey was conducted to determine the preanesthetic evaluation (PAE) practices among the members of the Indian Society of Neuroanesthesiology and Critical Care (ISNACC). The survey aimed to assess the current clinical practice of PAE and optimization of neurosurgical patients in India.
Methods An online questionnaire was designed by the working group of ISNACC and circulated among its active members. Response to individual questions was considered significant if 50% or more respondents concurred. The survey questions to which less than 50% of respondents concurred were identified as inconclusive results.
Results Out of 438 active ISNACC members, 218 responded. Responses were obtained from various parts of the country. The majority of participants were practicing neuroanesthesiology. Questions asked were regarding clinical assessment, preoperative optimization, prognostication, and airway management in neurosurgery. More than 50% of practitioners acceded to most of the questions; however, the percentage of responses varied across different questions (50–100%). The questions related to preoperative duplex scanning in chronically immobilized patients, preoperative cognitive testing, and risk stratification during neurosurgical procedures received an inconclusive response (< 50%).
Conclusion The survey highlights the variable PAE practices perused by ISNACC members across the country. A guideline for uniform PAE practices may help to enhance research and improve perioperative care.
Aseptic Meningitis Due to Spontaneous Rupture of a Multicystic Craniopharyngioma with an Ommaya Catheter: A Case Report
Authors: Rangel Igor da Fonseca , Oliveira Ricardo C. , dos Santos Pablo V. B. , Rodrigues Renan S. , de Lima Carlos R. , Acioly Marcus A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCraniopharyngiomas (CPs) are benign tumors that are believed to arise from embryonic remnants of the Rathke pouch epithelium. Herein, we report a case of aseptic meningitis due to spontaneous rupture of multicystic CP, which contained an Ommaya catheter. A 19-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital with a 4-day history of acute severe headache after strenuous physical exercise followed by altered sensorium, fever, and neck stiffness. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed marked pleocytosis and elevated protein levels. CSF culture was otherwise negative. Cyst reduction on subsequent imaging confirmed the diagnosis. The patient received intravenous steroid therapy and was discharged asymptomatic. This is a rare evolution of a multicystic CP, which was previously treated with intracystic therapy and had an Ommaya catheter. Clinicians should be aware of spontaneous CP rupture and look actively for the occurrence of cholesterol crystals or elevated CSF levels of cholesterol as well as prompt follow-up imaging.
Dysphonia as a Presenting Symptom of a Giant Left Atrial Sarcoma Developing within Five Years
Authors: Elbayomi Mohamed , Nooh Ehab , Weyand Michael , Agaimy Abbas , Harig Frank 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn 83-year-old woman presented with a new onset of dyspnea and dysphonia. Physical examination revealed no abnormalities. Computerized tomography, bidimensional echocardiography, and cardiac magnetic resonance confirmed the presence of a cardiac mass in the left atrium. Surgical resection was uneventful and showed the origin of the mass in the ostium of the left inferior pulmonary vein. Histological evaluation revealed undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma with myxoid features. This case highlights the importance of considering cardiac neoplasms as a rare differential diagnosis, including rare and misleading clinical presentations.
The Current State of Targeted Muscle Reinnervation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Walsh Amanda R. , Lu Jocelyn , Rodriguez Esdras , Diamond Shawn , Sultan Steven M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) is growing in popularity; however, literature evaluating patient characteristics and outcomes is limited.
Methods The EMBASE database was queried with the search terms “targeted muscle reinnervation” OR “TMR” AND “outcomes” OR “patient outcomes.” Clinical human studies in English were eligible for inclusion, yielding 89 articles. After rigorous exclusion criteria, a total of 13 articles were included in this review. Study data including geographic location, patient demographics, TMR indication, amputation level, number of nerve transfers performed, length of follow-up, and reported outcomes were extracted and analyzed.
Results The included articles represent 338 patients (341 limbs). Average patient age was 47.4 years. Indication for amputation included trauma (n = 125), infection (n = 76) cancer/tumor resection (n = 71), ischemia (n = 18), failed Charcot reconstruction (n = 15), failed hardware (n = 9), burn (n = 4), and CRPS (n = 4). Five studies included upper extremity TMR only, two included lower extremity TMR only, and six included both upper and lower extremity TMR. TMR was performed in an immediate or delayed fashion, with an average of 2.2 nerve transfers performed per limb overall. Average length of follow-up was 22.3 months. In three studies, patients with phantom limb pain undergoing delayed TMR were found to have significant or trending toward significant reduction in pain after TMR using numeric rating scale and patient-reported outcomes measurement information system scales. One article reported 9/10 patients with improved or complete resolution of phantom limb pain after delayed TMR. Three studies found that patients undergoing immediate TMR had lower pain scores compared with non-TMR controls.
Conclusion While there is evidence that TMR reduces neuroma-related pain and improves the quality of life for amputees, further outcomes studies are needed to study the patient experience with TMR on a larger scale. Establishing standardized, validated patient-reported outcomes assessment tools is critical to future investigation in this field.
Analyst target price and dividend forecasts and expected stock returns
Authors: Hao Jinji , Skinner Jonathon 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper examines whether adding expected dividend yields implied by analyst dividend forecasts to expected capital gains implied by analyst target prices improves the portfolio strategy of buying stocks with the highest expected returns and selling stocks with the lowest expected returns. We find that the strategy based on the expected total returns performs only slightly better at the 1-month horizon because the short-term return predictability of the expected dividend yield is weak. We find that the strategy generates significant abnormal returns regardless of sorting the stocks universally or within industries, although sorting stocks within industries improves the performance.
A cross cultural comparison of brand love in consumer brand relationships: Is ‘transmissive brand love’ a potential platform for developing brand equity?
Authors: Luo Shanshan , Hamlin Robert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article examines ‘brand love’ in a cross-cultural sample from New Zealand and China. Rather than interpersonal love, Howden’s model of spiritual love was applied in this research. Two groups of tertiary students, in New Zealand and China, were interviewed on their brand relationships using a semi-structured format and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. The results showed that all four components of Howden’s model could be used to describe spiritual relationships, and that three were applicable to brand relationships. The Chinese and New Zealand samples were strongly differentiated on two of these components, which were consistent with individual love in the West and collective love in China. A new unified model of ‘transmissive’ brand love, where the brand acts as a conduit rather than a destination for human love, is developed from these results. This model addresses many of the theoretical issues that arise from brands not being properly responsive partners in ‘love’ relationships. The model is also jointly compatible with interpersonal love as expressed in Western societies, and collective love as expressed within Chinese culture. It therefore offers a significant contribution to our understanding of how brands can actively increase their equity as significant facilitators of human love relationships.
Introduction to the Special Issue: Policies for Inclusive Development in Africa
Authors: Dekker Marleen , Pouw Nicky 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhile there is increasing academic analysis and policy concern regarding growing inequality and the need for more inclusive development trajectories, it is equally important to advance our understanding of the pathways to attain more inclusive development in practice. This paper serves as the introduction to a special issue examining the empirical outcomes and processes of inclusive development policies in selected countries in Africa. The paper presents a policy implementation and assessment framework as a lens that connects the different case studies. The framework links general inclusive development strategies in employment, social protection and governance, to the participation and representation of the various stakeholders as well as the monetary and non-monetary transaction costs in accessing and/or implementing these programmes on the ground in different national and sub-national contexts. Based on the findings of the 9 case studies, the paper also advances policy directions and operational frameworks to attain more inclusive development in practice.
Consideration of climate change impacts will improve the efficiency of protected areas on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Lu Zijian , Wang Liangxu , Meng Nan , Dai Xuhuan , Zhu Jingyi , Yang Yanzheng , Li Ruonan , Ma Jinfeng , Zheng Hua 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

The protection of migratory birds and their habitats is important to the ecological stability of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Currently protected areas (PAs) were designed in accordance with species distribution patterns under current climatic conditions, thus ignoring climate change will lead to a decrease in the protection efficiency of PAs. In this study, using the flagship species
Grus nigricollis
, as an example, we used the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model to simulate the distributions and conservation status of
G. nigricollis
and optimized the existing PA boundaries . The results showed that (1) suitable habitat- for
G. nigricollis
accounts for 12.48% of the QTP area, and the PAs established under current climatic conditions cover 17.84% of this suitable habitat area; (2) future climate changes will influence the distribution and quality of
G. nigricollis
habitats, and the average protection efficiency of the current PAs in four climatic scenarios will decrease from 17.84% to 15.31%; and (3) through optimization, the efficiency of existing PAs can be increased by 0.75 times and reach 28.37%, indicating PA planning must consider not only current climate conditions but also the effects of climate changes. Our results aim to address shortcomings in the conservation efficiency of PAs and provide an example for resolving mismatched PA boundaries and habitat changes for species.
Evaluation of efficacy of Phyto-synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles in contributing drought resilience in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Singh Amardeep , Basnal Namita , Shukla Gyanika , Chaudhary Neha , Singh Swati , Gaurav Shailendra Singh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Wheat is the majorly cultivated staple crop worldwide. The world witnesses a great percentage of yield loss of wheat due to drought stress. The present study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of phytosynthesized iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONPs) in contributing to drought resilience in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under rain-fed conditions. FeONPs were biosynthesized by using leaf extract of Prosopis cineraria as a reducing and capping agent. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized to evaluate the structural and biochemical aspects. The FeONPs were found to be irregularly spherical in shape with a mean size of 42.6 nm. The concentration of nanoparticles in the sample was found to be 164.01 mg l−1. An experimental setup was laid out in a randomized-plot design with 3 replications for Rabi season 2020–2021. Five dosages of nanoparticles were prepared as 12.5, 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm from the stock solution. The wheat crop varieties grown in the field were subjected to a total of 3 treatments; Nanopriming, foliar application of FeONPs at seedling development stage (20 DAS), and tillering stage (30 DAS). Plants that were not treated with NPs were considered as control. No irrigation regime was followed as the effect of NPs on the crop was to be assessed under rain-fed conditions only. Plant growth parameters were recorded. The obtained results revealed that the application of FeONPs positively affected all the morphological and yield attributes in the wheat crop. The highest concentrations used were found to be most effective and showed a significantly pronounced effect as compared to the control at p ≤ 0.05. The study concluded that the FeONPs can contribute to drought resilience in wheat.
Energy efficiency of pulse shaping in electrical stimulation: the interdependence of biophysical effects and circuit design losses
Authors: Varkevisser Francesc , Costa Tiago L , Serdijn Wouter A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Power efficiency in electrical stimulator circuits is crucial for developing large-scale multichannel applications like bidirectional brain-computer interfaces and neuroprosthetic devices. Many state-of-the-art papers have suggested that some non-rectangular pulse shapes are more energy-efficient for exciting neural excitation than the conventional rectangular shape. However, additional losses in the stimulator circuit, which arise from employing such pulses, were not considered. In this work, we analyze the total energy efficiency of a stimulation system featuring non-rectangular stimuli, taking into account the losses in the stimulator circuit. To this end, activation current thresholds for different pulse shapes and durations in cortical neurons are modeled, and the energy required to generate the pulses from a constant voltage supply is calculated. The proposed calculation reveals an energy increase of 14%–51% for non-rectangular pulses compared to the conventional rectangular stimuli, instead of the decrease claimed in previous literature. This result indicates that a rectangular stimulation pulse is more power-efficient than the tested alternative shapes in large-scale multichannel electrical stimulation systems.
Current lifestyles in the context of future climate targets: analysis of long-term scenarios and consumer segments for residential and transport
Authors: van den Berg Nicole J , Hof Andries F , Timmer Vanessa J , van Vuuren Detlef P 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The carbon emissions of individuals strongly depend on their lifestyle, both between and within regions. Therefore, lifestyle changes could have a significant potential for climate change mitigation. This potential is not fully explored in long-term scenarios, as the representation of behaviour change and consumer heterogeneity in these scenarios is limited. We explore the impact and feasibility of lifestyle and behaviour changes in achieving climate targets by analysing current per-capita emissions of transport and residential sectors for different regions and consumer segments within one of the regions, namely Japan. We compare these static snapshots to changes in per-capita emissions from consumption and technology changes in long-term mitigation scenarios. The analysis shows less need for reliance on technological solutions if consumption patterns become more sustainable. Furthermore, a large share of Japanese consumers is characterised by consumption patterns consistent with those in scenarios that achieve ambitious climate targets, especially regarding transport. The varied lifestyles highlight the importance of representing consumer heterogeneity in models and further analyses.
Insights into the stability of engineered mini-proteins from their dynamic electronic properties
Authors: Steeves Adam H , Kulik Heather J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
An understanding of protein stability requires capturing dynamic rearrangements and coupled properties over long lengthscales. Nevertheless, the extent of coupling in these systems has typically only been studied for classical degrees of freedom. To understand the potential benefit of extending such analysis to the coupling of electronic structure properties, we have carried out extensive semi-empirical quantum mechanical molecular dynamics of two Trp-cage variants. Small differences in the sequence of the two peptides lead to differences in their thermal stability that are revealed through electronic structure coupling analysis. In comparison, we find limited evidence that geometric coupling can distinguish the behavior of the two peptides. We show that Asp1 in the more stable variant shows significantly enhanced coupling to both sequence-adjacent and more sequence-distant residues. Non-nearest-neighbor couplings are stronger in the more stable variant, indicating a network of residues that help stabilize the protein. Our study highlights the complementary benefit of charge coupling analysis to interpret protein structure-function relationships.
Can plants integrate information on above-ground competition in their directional responses below ground?
Authors: Gottlieb Ruth , Gruntman Michal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
Light competition can induce varying above-ground responses in plants. However, very little is known regarding the effect of above-ground light competition cues on plant responses below ground. Here we asked whether light competition cues that indicate the occurrence and direction of neighbours above ground might affect directional root placemat.

Methods
In a common-garden experiment, we examined the integrated responses of the annual procumbent plant Portulaca oleracea to light competition cues and soil nutrient distribution. Soil nutrients were distributed either uniformly or in patches, and light competition was simulated using a transparent green filter, which was spatially located either in the same or opposite direction of the soil nutrient patch.

Key Results
As predicted, root proliferation of P. oleracea increased in the direction of the enriched soil patches but was homogenously distributed under the uniform nutrient distribution. Interestingly, root distribution was also affected by the light competition cue and increased in its direction regardless of the location of the soil patches.

Conclusions
Our results provide initial support to the idea that below-ground plant responses to competition might also be regulated by above-ground neighbour cues, highlighting the need to further investigate the combined effects of both above- and below-ground competition cues on root behaviour.
Phosphorus uptake and toxicity are delimited by mycorrhizal symbiosis in P-sensitive Eucalyptus marginata but not in P-tolerant Acacia celastrifolia
Authors: Tibbett Mark , Daws Matthew I , Ryan Megan H 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Many plant species from regions with ancient, highly weathered nutrient-depleted soils have specialized adaptations for acquiring phosphorus (P) and are sensitive to excess P supply. Mycorrhizal associations may regulate P uptake at high external P concentrations, potentially reducing P toxicity. We predicted that excess P application will negatively impact species from the nutrient-depleted Jarrah forest of Western Australia and that mycorrhizal inoculation will reduce P toxicity by regulating P uptake. For seedlings of the N2-fixing legume Acacia celastrifolia and the tree species Eucalyptus marginata, we measured growth at P concentrations of 0–90 mg kg−1 soil and in relation to inoculation with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Rhizophagus irregularis. Non-inoculated A. celastrifolia maintained leaf P concentrations at &lt;2 mg g−1 dry mass (DM) across the range of external P concentrations. However, for non-inoculated E. marginata, as external P concentrations increased, leaf P also increased, reaching &gt;9 mg g−1 DM at 30 mg P kg−1 soil. Acacia celastrifolia DM increased with increasing external P concentrations, while E. marginata DM was maximal at 15 mg P kg−1 soil, declining at higher external P concentrations. Neither DM nor leaf P of A. celastrifolia was affected by inoculation with AMF. For E. marginata, even at 90 mg P kg−1 soil, inoculation with AMF resulted in leaf P remaining &lt;1 mg g−1 DM, and DM being maintained. These data strengthen the evidence base that AMF may not only facilitate P uptake at low external P concentrations, but are also important for moderating P uptake at elevated external P concentrations and maintaining plant P concentrations within a relatively narrow concentration range.