bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of contamination rates of beef and chicken meats and their products with food-Borne Salmonella spp and antibiotic susceptibility of the bacteria at Kerbela Governorate
Authors: Khudair Sajad Adnan , Al-Nassir Hikmat , Al_Nuaimi Ali J. , Al-Bazi Wifaq 
Published: September 2022

This study was conducted at kerbala governorate during the period from November 2021 to March 2022. A total of 310 samples were collected from local and imported chicken meat and beef . These samples were gathered from different locations in Kerbala province and cultured on appropriate media for Salmonella spp cultivation and identification . Then it followed by the initial bacterial isolationprocess on the special and distinctive culture media for Salmonella spp. Results showed that rate of contamination in all examined samples was 17.4 % (in Beef and Chicken meat). Concerning local meat, and out of 20 samples of meat,20 samples of minced meat ,20 samples of sausage and 20 samples of burger; Salmonella spp were isolated from 4(20%),9(45%),1(5%) and1(5%) samples respectively. Moreover, the contamination rate of minced meat with Salmonella spp (45%) was significantly high(p<0.05). However in imported beef samples, the contamination rates2(10%) , 6(30%) , 0(0%) and 0(0%)were reported in 20 samples of meat cut, 20 minced ,20 sausage and 20 burger samples. The rate of contamination in minced meat (30%) was also significantly (p<0.05) higher than others.
effect of field number on intensity modulated radiation therapy plan quality in head and neck cancer
Authors: Hasan Salar Q. , Tahir Edrees M. , Aloosi Suha N. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Radiotherapy of head and neck cancer is a difficult process because of the complex anatomy and close proximity of various organs at risk (OARs). This study aimed to assess the impact of field number of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) technique on the quality of the treatment of the head and neck cancer patient.. Methods and materials: The CT scans of thirteen head and neck cancer patients were selected at the Zhianawa Cancer Center (ZCC). The Monaco treatment planning system (TPS) V5.51.10 with the Monte Carlo (XVMC) algorithm V1.6 were utilized to generate nine and eleven field IMRT plans, all plans were carried out on an ELEKTAMLCi2 linear accelerator. The effect of field number was assessed by planning target volume (PTV) coverage, homogeneity index (HI), conformity index (CI), OARs dose, the monitor units (MUs), and delivery time. Results: The 11F-IMRT had improved tumor coverage and better spared ipsilateral and contralateral optic nerves, on the contrary the doses to the were above acceptance limit value. The CI of 11F-IMRT was better than 9F-IMRT, while the HI was similar. The 9F-IMRT had a reduced treatment time by 37.7 %, although increased MUs by 12.8%.
PENGARUH PEMBIAYAAN MURABAHAH, MUDHARABAH, MUSYARAKAH TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PADA PT. BANK RAKYAT INDONESIA (BRI) SYARIAH
Authors: Ovi Yuhana Putri  , Citra Mulyasari  
Published: September 2022

Introduction: This research is motivated by financial institutions that have several services offered to the public so that people are interested in using the services of financial institutions because more and more people use the services of these institutions indirectly the community also plays a role in economic growth. PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) Syariah offers services with a sharia financing system such as financing products with a basic profit-sharing mechanism.All financing products issued by banks have the aim of being able to provide benefits or increase profitability for the bank. The indicator used in this research is the effect of Murabahah, Mudharabah,Musyarakah financing while the level of profitability is measured using the financial ratio Return on assets (ROA).
Methods: This research uses a quantitative approach with associative research type. The data used in this study is secondary data obtained from the quarterly financial statements of PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) Syariah for the period 2012-2020 with a total sample of 36 data. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive test, data normality test, classical assumption test which multiple linear regression.
Conclusion and suggestion:The results of this study indicate that (1) Murabahah financing has a negative and significant effect on ROA profitability,(2) Mudharabah Financing has a positive andsignificant effect on ROA profitability, (3)Musyarakah financing has a positive and significant effect on ROA profitability,Murabahah, Mudharabah, Musyarakah financing has a positive and significant effect on ROA profitability at PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) Syariah.
Keywords: Murabahah, Mudharabah, Musyarakah Financing and Profitability
Noodzakelijke en proportionele bezuinigingsmaatregelen door regering Sint Maarten vanwege Covid-19?
Authors: Ismail R.R. 
Published: September 2022

Noodzakelijke en proportionele bezuinigingsmaatregelen door regering Sint Maarten vanwege Covid-19?
Op 1 november 2021 heeft het Constitutioneel Hof Sint Maarten uitspraak gedaan over de Tijdelijke Landsverordening overheidsdienaren, de Tijdelijke Landsverordening normering topinkomens en aanpassing arbeidsvoorwaarden bij (semi) publieke sector entiteiten en de Tijdelijke Landsverordening aanpassing arbeidsvoorwaarden politieke gezagsdragers in Sint Maarten. De bezuinigingen voor de overheidsdienaren en het personeel in de (semi)publieke sector zien voornamelijk op de inhouding van de vakantie-uitkering, een vermindering van vakantiedagen en het niet toepassen van salarisindexeringen, welke maatregelen met terugwerkende kracht vanaf 1 juli 2020 in werking treden. Deze uitspraak is vermeldenswaardig, omdat het sporadisch voorkomt dat er een verzoek wordt gedaan aan het Constitutioneel Hof Sint Maarten om nog niet in werking getreden landsverordeningen te toetsen aan de Staatsregeling van Sint Maarten.
Adverse events in anesthesia: Analysis of claims against anesthetists affiliated to an insurance fund in Colombia. Cross-sectional study
Authors: Bocanegra Rivera Juan Carlos , Gómez Buitrago Luz María , Sánchez Bello Nubia Fernanda , Chaves Vega Alexandra 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Prevention, identification, analysis and reduction of adverse events (AEs) are all activities designed to increase safety of care in the clinical setting. Closed claims reviews are a strategy that allows to identify patient safety issues. This study analyzes adverse events resulting in malpractice lawsuits against anesthesiologist affiliated to an insurance fund in Colombia between 2013-2019.
Objective: To analyze adverse events in closed medicolegal lawsuits against anesthesiologist affiliated to an insurance fund between 2013-2019.
Methods: Cross-sectional observational study. Convenience sampling was used, including all closed claims in which anesthesiologist affiliated to an insurance fund in Colombia were sued during the observation period. Variables associated with the occurrence of AEs were analyzed.
Results: Overall, 71 claims were analyzed, of which 33.5% were due to anesthesia-related AEs. Adverse events were found more frequently among ASA I-II patients (78.9%), and in surgical procedures (95.8%). The highest number of adverse events occurred in plastic surgery (29.6%); the event with the highest proportion was patient death (43.7%). Flaws in clinical records and failure to comply with the standards were found in a substantial number of cases.
Conclusions: When compared with a previously published study in the same population, an increase in ethical, disciplinary and administrative claims was found, driven by events not directly related to anesthesia. Most of the anesthesia-related events occurred in the operating theater during surgical procedures in patients and procedures categorized as low risk, and most of them were preventable.
Ethical principles and dilemmas in the discourse of healthcare practitioners involved with end-of-life care based on the Advanced Directives Document
Authors: Álvarez Acuña Ana Milena , Riaño Moreno Julián Camilo , López Neira Jhonatan , Gomezese Ribero Omar Fernando 
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The Advanced Directives Document (ADD) is an efficient tool to plan for future medical care in case of a potential loss of autonomy. Ethical dilemmas arise in end-of-life care, including the principle of respect for autonomy and potential beneficence involved in health care, leading to moral distress of practitioners.
Objective. To identify the ethical principles and dilemmas arising from the discourse of healthcare practitioners involved with end-of-life care based on the ADD.
Methodology. Qualitative study with a hermeneutics approach based on 253 answers to the following exploratory question: Are you willing to respect the ADD of an unconscious patient when you think that the patient may benefit otherwise?
Results. Most practitioners acknowledge their respect for the ADD as an ethical obligation, whilst a minority consider it a legal right. For the large majority of practitioners, the ethical principles of respect for the ADD are recognized under the ethical theory of liberal individualism. Respect for autonomy is associated with the principle of non-maleficence and the value of human dignity. The principle of beneficence and the quality of life concept were presented as genuine moral dilemmas. A reversible clinical condition, the request for euthanasia, the family and the legibility of anticipated directives were submitted as apparent moral dilemmas.
Conclusions. During the end-of-life decision making process, there are other valid ethical considerations beyond principlism. The dilemmas identified show the ethical complexity healthcare practitioners face based on the ADD.
Vai trò của 18FDG PET/CT trong đánh giá giai đoạn và đáp ứng điều trị u lympho ác tính không Hodgkin
Authors: Nguyễn Hữu Thường Nguyễn Hữu Thường , Nguyễn Kim Lưu Nguyễn Kim Lưu , Nguyễn Hải Nguyễn Nguyễn Hải Nguyễn , Ngô Văn Đàn Ngô Văn Đàn 
Published: September 2022

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu vai trò của 18FDG PET/CT trong đánh giá giai đoạn và đáp ứng điều trị ở bệnh nhân (BN) u lympho ác tính không Hodgkin. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả, hồi cứu trên 56 BN u lympho ác tính không Hodgkin được chụp PET/CT trước điều trị và sau khi kết thúc 1 liệu trình hóa chất tại Bệnh viện K và Bệnh viện Quân y 103 từ tháng 02/2018 - 5/2022. Tiêu chuẩn chẩn đoán giai đoạn và đáp ứng điều trị được áp dụng theo Lugano (2014). Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình của nhóm nghiên cứu là 49,7 ± 15,9. PET/CT làm thay đổi giai đoạn ở 12 BN (21,4%), tăng giai đoạn ở 11 BN (19,6%), trong đó thay đổi quan trọng (giai đoạn I, II sang giai đoạn III, IV) ở 7 BN (12,5%), 01 BN (1,8%) giảm giai đoạn. Khi kết thúc 1 liệu trình hóa chất, PET/CT và CT cho thấy mức độ đáp ứng điều trị: Đáp ứng hoàn toàn (CR), đáp ứng một phần (PR), bệnh ổn định (SD), bệnh tiến triển (PD) tương ứng lần lượt ở 41 và 41 BN, 8 và 1 BN, 4 và 1 BN, 3 và 12 BN. Sự khác biệt xuất hiện ở 11 BN (19,6%) với p < 0,01. Kết luận: 18FDG PET/CT rất có giá trị trong chẩn đoán giai đoạn và đánh giá đáp ứng điều trị u lympho ác tính không Hodgkin.
* Từ khóa: PET/CT; U lympho ác tính không Hodgkin; Đánh giá giai đoạn; Đáp ứng điều trị.
Nghiên cứu đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và biến đổi áp lực nội sọ ở bệnh nhân chấn thương sọ não nặng điều trị tại Bệnh viện Quân y 103
Authors: Nguyễn Trung Kiên Nguyễn Trung Kiên , Phan Duy Thắng  , Nguyễn Thanh Nga  , Lê Đăng Mạnh  , Phạm Văn Công  , Nguyễn Chí Tâm  , Nguyễn Thành Bắc  , Nguyễn Chí Tuệ  , Bùi Văn Mạnh  , Nguyễn Quang Huy  
Published: September 2022

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu một số đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và biến đổi áp lực nội sọ (ALNS) ở bệnh nhân (BN) chấn thương sọ não (CTSN) nặng. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu thuần tập, tiến cứu trên 39 BN CTSN nặng tại Khoa Hồi sức ngoại, Trung tâm Hồi sức Cấp cứu Chống độc, Bệnh viện Quân y 103. BN được lấy số liệu ở các thời điểm T0 (nhập Khoa Hồi sức ngoại), thời điểm T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 lần lượt là giờ thứ 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 sau nhập viện. Số liệu theo bệnh án nghiên cứu, số liệu được mã hóa và xử lý theo các phương pháp thống kê. Kết quả: BN bị CTSN chủ yếu là nam giới chiếm 82%, đa số trong ở độ tuổi lao động, tai nạn giao thông là nguyên nhân chủ yếu gây ra CTSN (64,1%); thời gian trung bình nằm viện, nằm điều trị hồi sức và nằm thở máy lần lượt là 7,59; 9,59; 17,85 ngày; điểm Glasgow, điểm phản xạ đồng tử (PXĐT) ở nhóm BN sống cao hơn so với nhóm tử vong, điểm Marshall chủ yếu là II và IV; giá trị áp lực nội sọ (ALNS) ở nhóm BN tử vong cao hơn so với nhóm sống ở tất cả thời điểm nghiên cứu T1, T2, T3, T4, T5. Có mối tương quan nghịch, mức độ vừa giữa giá trị ALNS với điểm Glasgow; trong đó, ở thời điểm T5 có tương quan chặt nhất (r = -0,562, p < 0,05). Giá trị ALNS ở các thời điểm nghiên cứu có mối tương quan nghịch, mức độ vừa với thời gian nằm viện, thời điểm T5 có tương quan chặt nhất (r = -0,566, p < 0,05). Kết luận: BN CTSN chủ yếu là nam giới, trong độ tuổi lao động và do tai nạn giao thông gây ra. Giá trị ALNS có mối tương quan nghịch, mức độ vừa với điểm Glasgow và thời gian nằm viện. Giá trị ALNS ở nhóm BN tử vong cao hơn nhóm BN sống ở tất cả thời điểm nghiên cứu. Vì vậy, nghiên cứu giá trị ALNS có ý nghĩa trong tiên lượng tử vong ở BN CTSN nặng.
* Từ khoá: Chấn thương sọ não; Áp lực nội sọ.
Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật Nuss điều trị lõm ngực bẩm sinh
Authors: Lê Việt Anh  , Nguyễn Văn Nam  , Vũ Anh Hải  , Đặng Tuấn Nghĩa  , Nguyễn Văn Hoàng  
Published: September 2022

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật Nuss điều trị lõm ngực bẩm sinh tại Bệnh viện Quân y 103 và Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu trên 92 bệnh nhân (BN) lõm ngực bẩm sinh được phẫu thuật Nuss tại Khoa Phẫu thuật Lồng ngực, Bệnh viện Quân y 103 và Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108, từ tháng 6/2017 - 12/2021. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình là 17,2 ± 3,9, tỷ lệ nam/nữ là 7,4/1. HI trung bình là 3,83 ± 0,8. Tỷ lệ đặt 1 thanh là 56,5%, đặt 2 thanh 43,5%. Không có tai biến trong mổ. Biến chứng sớm (7,6%) chủ yếu là tràn khí màng phổi (3,3%) và tràn máu màng phổi (2,2%). Biến chứng muộn (4,3%) chủ yếu là nhiễm khuẩn vết mổ (2,2%) và di lệch thanh (1,1%). Thời gian hậu phẫu trung bình là 7,5 ± 3,0 ngày. Lâm sàng sau đặt thanh đạt kết quả tốt và rất tốt (97,8%). Kết luận: Phẫu thuật Nuss điều trị lõm ngực bẩm sinh hiệu quả, an toàn, ít biến chứng và có tỷ lệ thành công cao.
* Từ khóa: Lõm ngực bẩm sinh; Phẫu thuật Nuss.
مفهوم الإيـجاز عند الرّمانيّ
Authors: ALALİ Turkiy 
Published: September 2022

اهتمَّ علماءُ اللّغة العربية بدراسة البلاغة التي شغلت عندهم حيّزاً واسعاً؛ لكونها متعلقةً بفهم القرآن العظيم، ولازالت تنمو شيئاً فشيئاً حتّى أينعت ثمارُها، وأزهتْ أغصانُها، وهي كغيرها من العلوم مرّتْ بمراحل وتصانيف عديدةٍ أدّتْ في النهاية إلى تكامُلِها، ومن أهمِّ هذه التّصانيف الدّراسات التي تعلقت بإعجاز القرآن العظيم، سعياً من علماءها لكشف سرّ إعجازه. وكان من أبرزهم أبو الحسن الرّمانيّ المعتزليّ، الذي كتب رسالةً صغيرةً لكنها تركت أثراً كبيراً على من جاء بعده، فقد حصر أسبابَ الإعجاز في سبعة أبواب، واستفتحها بالكلام عن البلاغـة، وأفرغ جُلّ رسالته فيها، وأسبغ عليها تقسيمات وتفريعات، استقى منه البلاغيون بعده، ومن أبرز ما تكلم فيه: الإيجاز حيث أضفى عليه تعاريف، وفصول، وشواهد ولمسات بيانية حتى بلّغ مرحلة النضوج البلاغي.
ويتناول هذا البحث إشكالية الإيجاز عند البلاغيين من خلال جهود الرّمانيّ في هذه الجزئية البلاغية؛ لأهميتها وكثرتها في كلام العرب من جهة، ولمكانة الرّمانيّ العلميّة من جهة أخرى، ويهدف البحث إلى معرفة ما أحدثه الرّمانيّ في الإيجاز من مصطلحاتٍ، وحدودٍ، وتقسيماتٍ، وأثرها على البلاغيين بعده، ويعتمد البحث على المنهج الوصفيّ التّحليليّ الذي يقوم على وصف الظاهرة ثم تحليلها للوصول إلى النتائج المطلوبة.
Evaluation of the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of extracts obtained from four agro-industrial residues after different pretreatments
Authors: Casas-Godoy Leticia , Barrera-Martínez Iliana 
Published: September 2022

Agro-industrial wastes are not of interest to the industry that generated them; however, they can be used for the extraction of high value-added compounds. Compounds with antimicrobial and antioxidant activity can be recovered from residues generated by different industries. Jalisco is a large agri-food producer therefore resides generated by established or growing industries in the state were selected. However, the extraction of the compounds of interest from residues cannot be carried out directly, they must be subjected to different treatments that break the matrices to release the components of interest and increase the extraction yield. In this study, aqueous, enzymatic, chemical-enzymatic and ethanolic extractions were used to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of the extracts. As residues, agave bagasse and brewers spent grain were evaluated, as well as blackberry and raspberry, both showing the first stages of spoilage. For the evaluation of antioxidant capacity ABTS and DPPH techniques were used. The antimicrobial capacity was evaluated by observing the inhibition halo caused by the extracts, and the inhibition percentage using different concentrations of the extracts, with three Gram-positive bacteria, three Gram-negative bacteria and three yeasts. The techniques used for the recovery of compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity were adequate, and it was possible to observe differences between pretreatments for the different residues. It should be mentioned that inhibition was observed in the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using low concentrations (10% of extracts).
Experimental determination of radiative characteristics of carotenoid-producing microalgae
Authors: Valadés-Pelayo Patricio Javier , Castillo-Cruz Luis Ángel , Martínez-Niño Eduardo , Carmona-Ascencio Neri Jocelyn , Ávila-Paredes Hugo Joaquín 
Published: September 2022

Currently, the demand for carotenoid pigments of natural origin has increased due to their diverse application in the industry. One of the natural sources of these compounds are microalgae, which are photosynthetic organisms of high biotechnological value. The production of carotenoid pigments from microalgal cultures are in the scope of sustainability but faces the challenge of optimizing the design and operation of new technologies; biomass production is first maximized and subsequently subjected to stress to induce the synthesis and accumulation of this type of pigments. In this context, the design and scaling of photobioreactors (FBRs) for the cultivation of microalgae is crucial for this type of process. The main objective of the present research work is focused on the application of a new experimental methodology to estimate the radiative characteristics of a microalgae quickly and independently in suspension. Strain Chlorella vulgaris UTEX 2714 (shows high growth rates and accumulate carotenoids such as canthaxanthin and astaxanthin) was used as sample. Extinction coefficient (β), albedo (ω) and asymmetry parameter (g) of the phase function (Φ) were estimated. These parameters define the solution of the radiative transfer equation (RTE) and they are fundamental to characterize the effect of microalgae on radiative transport within any FBR. Both β, and ωwere estimated at different concentrations of microalgae in suspension and were independent of the biomass concentration under the experimental conditions. This study suggests that Φ of Chlorella vulgaris UTEX 2714 can be described using the Henyey-Greenstein model. The radiative characterization of the microalgae was achieved, which is essential for the description of the radiative transport within a FBR and the development of better kinetic models for the scaling of this type of bioprocess.
Baba Is You: Doing Things With Words
Authors: Silva Campos Simone 
Published: September 2022

Baba Is You is a 2D electronic game in which the player-controlled character pushes
word-blocks around in order to build sentences, which make up the rules governing the
simulated environment. With Baba Is You as the case in point, we bring up parallels between
video games and Wolfgang Iser’s reader-response theory, J.L. Austin’s pragmatics, and
Gregory Bateson’s levels of learning. By considering self-reference paradoxes,
metalanguage, and the map-territory distinction, Baba Is You becomes an intuitive
philosophic playground by enticing players to question not only language and its uses, but
some general conceptions about not just video games, but life itself.
Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Growth and Flower Yield of Lilum under Polyhouse in Prayagraj Agro Climatic Condition
Authors: Kumar N. V. V. S. , Singh Devi , Fatmi Urfi 
Published: September 2022

The present Research was conducted To evaluate the response of lilium by GA3, IAA and Ethrel to analyse the growth and yield under polyhouse in Prayagraj agro climatic condition. The experiment was layout in Randomized block design (RBD) with 13 treatments and each treatment replicated thrice. The experiment was carried out during November, 2021 to February, 2022 in Research Field, Department of Horticulture, SHUATS, Prayagraj. The treatments consist of different concentrations of plant growth regulators (IAA, Ethrel and GA3). From the experimental findings, it was found that the treatment T10 (GA3@200ppm) was found the superior compared to other treatment combination, which recorded highest plant height (71.36 cm), Number of leaves (72.36), plant spread (15.44 cm2), Earliness in first flower bud initiation (44.33 days), Earliness first flower initiation (50.07 days), flower stalk diameter (6.55 mm), number of buds per inflorescence (4.66), Bud length (11.59 cm), Bud diameter (17.07 mm), Flower diameter (16.26 mm), Vase life (10.55 days), Number of spike yield per plant (2.23), number of spike yield per hectare (77142.59).The present research shows that the treatment of (GA3@200ppm) resulted best among remaining Treatment concentations under the Prayagraj agro climatic condition.
Magnetic Resonance Myelography in Diagnosis of Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Nofal Esraa Mahmoud , Mubarak Amr Ahmed , Hamisa Manal Fathy , Darwiesh Abdel Monem Nooman 
Published: September 2022

Background: MR Myelography (MRM) has been used as a useful diagnostic tool that has some advantages as being noninvasive, does not use ionizing radiation or intrathecal contrast material, and can be performed easily during routine MR spine imaging. The purpose of our study was to assess the role of MR Myelography in diagnosis of patients with chronic low back pain.
Result: Out of the studies 30 patients with low back pain; 10 of them were males and 20 females with their ages ranged from 20 to 65 years with a mean of 43.4±11.4, and 19 patients were had degenerative disc disease, 7 patients post traumatic, 3 patients spinal canal stenosis and one patient systemic disease, and 14 patients had disc bulge, 15 patients disc protrusion. By MRM, 23 patients had compression on right exit nerve roots and 27 patients on left exit nerve roots, 27 patients had compression on thecal sac. Thecal sac size was mildly stenosed in 18 patients, severely stenosed in 6 patients and wide in one patient.
Conclusion: MRM is a valuable tool in assessment of the chronic low back pain when compared to conventional MRI as it is the best imaging modality to the thecal sac which show excellent definition of thecal margins, nerve roots and nerve root sheaths.