bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting disabilities in everyday life: evidence from a geriatric assessment
Authors: Dzien Cornelius , Unterberger Petra , Hofmarcher Paul , Winner Hannes , Lechleitner Monika 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe activities of daily living (ADL) score is a widely used index to establish the degree of independence from any help in everyday life situations. Measuring ADL accurately is time-consuming and costly. This paper presents a framework to approximate ADL via variables usually collected in comprehensive geriatric assessments. We show that the selected variables serve as good indicators in explaining the physical disabilities of older patients.MethodsOur sample included information from a geriatric assessment of 326 patients aged between 64 and 99 years in a hospital in Tyrol, Austria. In addition to ADL, 23 variables reflecting the physical and mental status of these patients were recorded during the assessment. We performed least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) to determine which of these variables had the highest impact on explaining ADL. Then, we used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and logistic regression techniques to validate our model performance. Finally, we calculated cut-off points for each of the selected variables to show the values at which ADL fall below a certain threshold.ResultsMobility, urinary incontinence, nutritional status and cognitive function were most closely related to ADL and, therefore, to geriatric patients’ functional limitations. Jointly, the selected variables were able to detect neediness with high accuracy (area under the ROC curve (AUC) = 0.89 and 0.91, respectively). If a patient had a limitation in one of these variables, the probability of everyday life disability increased with a statistically significant factor between 2.4 (nutritional status, 95%-CI 1.5–3.9) and 15.1 (urinary incontinence, 95%-CI 3.6–63.4).ConclusionsOur study highlights the most important impairments of everyday life to facilitate more efficient use of clinical resources, which in turn allows for more targeted treatment of geriatric patients. At the patient level, our approach enables early detection of functional limitations and timely indications of a possible need for assistance in everyday life.
The effect of co-dependent (thinking in motion [TIM]) versus single-modality (CogniFit) interventions on cognition and gait among community-dwelling older adults with cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Embon-Magal Shiri , Krasovsky Tal , Doron Israel , Asraf Kfir , Haimov Iris , Gil Efrat , Agmon Maayan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Cognition and motor skills are interrelated throughout the aging process and often show simultaneous deterioration among older adults with cognitive impairment. Co-dependent training has the potential to ameliorate both domains; however, its effect on the gait and cognition of older adults with cognitive impairment has yet to be explored. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of the well-established single-modality cognitive computerized training program, CogniFit, with “Thinking in Motion (TIM),” a co-dependent group intervention, among community-dwelling older adults with cognitive impairment.

Methods
Employing a single-blind randomized control trial design, 47 community-dwelling older adults with cognitive impairment were randomly assigned to 8 weeks of thrice-weekly trainings of TIM or CogniFit. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included cognitive performance, evaluated by a CogniFit battery, as a primary outcome; and gait, under single- and dual-task conditions, as a secondary outcome.

Results
CogniFit total Z scores significantly improved from baseline to post-intervention for both groups. There was a significant main effect for time [F (1, 44) = 17.43, p < .001, ηp2 = .283] but not for group [F (1, 44) = 0.001, p = .970]. No time X group interaction [F (1, 44) = 1.29, p = .261] was found. No changes in gait performance under single and dual-task performance were observed in both groups.

Conclusions
The findings show that single-modality (CogniFit) and co-dependent (TIM) trainings improve cognition but not gait in older adults with cognitive impairment. Such investigations should be extended to include various populations and a broader set of outcome measurements.

Trial registration
ACTRN12616001543471. Date: 08/11/2016.
Prolonged increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with mortality after successful revascularization for treatment of acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Li Song , Hu Linghong , Wang Jian , Zou Feihui , Han Bin , Wang Yougang , Liu Kefeng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
To determine the association between dynamic neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) during hospitalization and mortality 1 month after ischemia reperfusion in patients undergoing endovascular treatment (EVT) with successful revascularization for acute large vessel occlusion stroke.

Methods
This retrospective study included patients who had undergone successful EVT. Information was collected regarding patients’ clinical characteristics, imaging data, and mortality at 1 month. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were applied to assess the association between NLR and mortality. We used a generalized additive model and a generalized additive mixed model to compare trends in NLR over time between survivors and nonsurvivors.

Results
A total of 237 patients were included. During the 1-month follow-up, 42 of these patients (17.7%) died. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that NLR obtained within 12 to 24 hours (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04, 1.33; P = 0.008), 24 to 48 hours (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.35; P = 0.044), and 48 to 72 hours (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.47; P = 0.021) after EVT were independently associated with mortality at 1 month. In addition, there was a trend for NLR to decrease gradually over time for both survivors and nonsurvivors; however, NLR in survivors decreased by an average of 0.29 daily than in nonsurvivors.

Conclusions
Increased NLR in the early period after EVT was associated with an increased risk of mortality, and a continued trend toward higher NLR over time was also linked with a higher mortality risk.
Long-term results of trans-scaphoid perilunate fracture dislocations treated by open reduction and internal fixation
Authors: Yu Xiao-Jun , Wang Shan-Xi , Guo Xin-Zhen , Liu Qi-Kun , Wang Ying-Guang , Qu Yun-Kun , Kang Hao , Bao Yuan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The paper holds the research purpose of confirming the long-term results of trans-scaphoid perilunate fracture dislocations (TSPFD) under the treatment of open reduction and internal fixation.

Methods
Anteroposterial-lateral radiographs of the patient's wrist were taken before and after surgery. We use a dorsal approach for all cases. Postoperative clinical and radiographic assessments were performed routinely. The scapholunate angle (SLA), estradiol angle (RLA), as well as lunotriquetral distance (LTD) assisted in the radiographic assessment. Clinical assessment was performed using the Krimmer score, modified Mayo wrist score (MWS), active flexion extension arc (FEA), radial deviation and ulnar deviation arc (RUDA) and grip strength. A visual analog scale (VAS) assisted in the pain evaluation, the VAS score ranges from 0 to 10.

Results
Twenty-two TSPFD patients due to the wrist trauma received operative treatment and we retrospectively analyzed the surgical results, together with evaluating their clinical and radiological follow-up. These patients held a mean age of 30 years old. Herzberg’s perilunate fracture-dislocation classification was taken into account to find that 19 males and 3 females suffered dorsal dislocation. The fellow-up time lasted 98.3 months on average. All cases obtained sufficient union after open reduction and internal fixation. The last follow-up found the median of grip strength was 20.00 (interquartile range, 20.00–21.25), which was 84.5% of the normal side. The modified Mayo wrist score evaluation scale considered 12 cases as excellent, and 10 good. The median of VAS and Krimmer scores at the final follow-up were 1.50 (interquartile range, 0.75–2.00) and 100.00 (interquartile range, 100.00–100.00), respectively, higher relative to the pre-operation (P < 0.001). No patients showed nerve damage preoperatively or postoperatively, or pin tract infection in any of the patient.

Conclusions
It is necessary to diagnose such complicated biomechanical damage in early stage and adopt the open reduction and stable fixation for treatment; appropriate treatment can contribute to a functionally adequate and anatomically integrated wrist.
Analyzing annual changes in network structures of a social media application-based information-sharing system in a Japanese community
Authors: Haruta Junji , Tsugawa Sho , Ogura Kazunari 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Understanding the evolution of social network services (SNSs) can provide insights into the functions of interprofessional information-sharing systems. Using social network analysis, we aimed to analyze annual changes in the network structure of SNS-based information sharing among healthcare professionals over a 3-year period in Japan.

Methods
We analyzed data on SNS-based information sharing networks with online message boards for healthcare professionals for 2018, 2019, and 2020 in a Japanese community.
These networks were created for each patient so that healthcare professionals could post and view messages on the web platform. In the social network analysis (SNA), healthcare professionals registered with a patient group were represented as nodes, and message posting and viewing relationships were represented as links. We investigated the structural characteristics of the networks using several measures for SNA, including reciprocity, assortativity and betweenness centrality, which reflect interrelational links, the prevalence of similar nodes with neighbors, and the mediating roles of other nodes, respectively. Next, to compare year-to-year trends in networks of patients overall, and between receiving nursing care levels 1–3 (lighter care requirement) and levels 4–5 (heavier care requirement), we described the annual structural differences and analyzed each measure for SNA using the Steel–Dwass test.

Results
Among 844, 940, and 1063 groups in each year, groups for analysis in care levels 1–3/4–5 were identified as 106/135, 79/89, and 57/57, respectively. The overall annual assessment showed a trend toward increased diameter and decreased density, but the differences were not significant. For those requiring care levels 1–3, assortativity decreased significantly, while for those requiring care levels 4–5, reciprocity decreased and betweenness centrality increased significantly. No significant differences were found in the other items.

Discussion
This study revealed that the network of patients with a lighter care requirement had more connections consisting of nodes with different links, whereas the network of patients with a heavier care requirement had more fixed intermediary roles and weaker interrelationships among healthcare professionals. Clarifying interprofessional collaborative mechanisms underlying development patterns among healthcare professionals can contribute to future clinical quality improvement.
Barriers and facilitators to the utilization of the intensive adherence counselling framework by healthcare providers in Uganda: a qualitative study
Authors: Musinguzi Pius , Najjuma Josephine Nambi , Arishaba Adellah , Ochen Eric , Ainembabazi Racheal , Keizirege Fred , Sabano Racheal Lillian , Wakida Edith K. , Obua Celestino 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Uganda Ministry of Health (UMOH) embraced the World Health Organization recommendation for people living with human immunodeficiency virus with a detectable viral load (VL) exceeding 1000 copies/mL to receive intensive adherence counselling (IAC). The IAC framework was developed as a step-by-step guide for healthcare providers to systematically support persons with non-suppressed VL to develop a comprehensive plan for adhering to treatment. The objective of this study was to explore the current practice of the healthcare providers when providing IAC, and identify the barriers and facilitators to the utilization of the UMOH IAC framework at two health centers IV level in rural Uganda.

Methods
This was a descriptive cross-sectional qualitative study that explored the current practices of the healthcare providers when providing IAC, and identified the barriers and facilitators to the utilization of the UMOH IAC framework. We used an interview guide with unstructured questions about what the participants did to support the clients with non-suppressed VL, and semi-structured questions following a checklist of categories of barriers and facilitators that affect ‘providers of care’ as provided by the Supporting the Use of Research Evidence for policy in African health systems (SURE) framework. Current practice as well as the categories of barriers and facilitators formed the a priori themes which guided data collection and analysis. In this study we only included healthcare providers (i.e., medical doctors, clinical officer, nurses, and counsellors) as ‘providers of care’ excluding family members because we were interested in the health system.

Results
A total of 19 healthcare providers took part in the interviews. The healthcare providers reported lack of sufficient knowledge on the UMOH IAC framework; most of them did not receive prior training or sensitization when it was first introduced. They indicated that they lacked counselling and communication skills to effectively utilize the IAC framework, and they were not motivated to utilize it because of the high workload at the clinics compounded by the limited workforce.

Conclusions
Although the UMOH IAC framework is a good step-by-step guide for the healthcare providers, there is need to understand their context and assess readiness to embrace the new behavior before expecting spontaneous uptake and utilization.
PDGFRβ promotes oncogenic progression via STAT3/STAT5 hyperactivation in anaplastic large cell lymphoma
Authors: Garces de los Fayos Alonso I. , Zujo L. , Wiest I. , Kodajova P. , Timelthaler G. , Edtmayer S. , Zrimšek M. , Kollmann S. , Giordano C. , Kothmayer M. , Neubauer H. A. , Dey S. , Schlederer M. , Schmalzbauer B. S. , Limberger T. , Probst C. , Pusch O. , Högler S. , Tangermann S. , Merkel O. , Schiefer A. I. , Kornauth C. , Prutsch N. , Zimmerman M. , Abraham B. , Anagnostopoulos J. , Quintanilla-Martinez L. , Mathas S. , Wolf P. , Stoiber D. , Staber P. B. , Egger G. , Klapper W. , Woessmann W. , Look T. A. , Gunning P. , Turner S. D. , Moriggl R. , Lagger S. , Kenner L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin T cell lymphoma commonly driven by NPM-ALK. AP-1 transcription factors, cJUN and JUNb, act as downstream effectors of NPM-ALK and transcriptionally regulate PDGFRβ. Blocking PDGFRβ kinase activity with imatinib effectively reduces tumor burden and prolongs survival, although the downstream molecular mechanisms remain elusive.

Methods and results
In a transgenic mouse model that mimics PDGFRβ-driven human ALCL in vivo, we identify PDGFRβ as a driver of aggressive tumor growth. Mechanistically, PDGFRβ induces the pro-survival factor Bcl-xL and the growth-enhancing cytokine IL-10 via STAT5 activation. CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of both STAT5 gene products, STAT5A and STAT5B, results in the significant impairment of cell viability compared to deletion of STAT5A, STAT5B or STAT3 alone. Moreover, combined blockade of STAT3/5 activity with a selective SH2 domain inhibitor, AC-4-130, effectively obstructs tumor development in vivo.

Conclusions
We therefore propose PDGFRβ as a novel biomarker and introduce PDGFRβ-STAT3/5 signaling as an important axis in aggressive ALCL. Furthermore, we suggest that inhibition of PDGFRβ or STAT3/5 improve existing therapies for both previously untreated and relapsed/refractory ALK+ ALCL patients.
Two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx MXene promotes electrophysiological maturation of neural circuits
Authors: Li Yige , Hu Yangnan , Wei Hao , Cao Wei , Qi Yanru , Zhou Shan , Zhang Panpan , Li Huawei , Li Geng-Lin , Chai Renjie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The ideal neural interface or scaffold for stem cell therapy shall have good biocompatibility promoting survival, maturation and integration of neural stem cells (NSCs) in targeted brain regions. The unique electrical, hydrophilic and surface-modifiable properties of Ti3C2Tx MXene make it an attractive substrate, but little is known about how it interacts with NSCs during development and maturation.

Results
In this study, we cultured NSCs on Ti3C2Tx MXene and examined its effects on morphological and electrophysiological properties of NSC-derived neurons. With a combination of immunostaining and patch-clamp recording, we found that Ti3C2Tx MXene promotes NSCs differentiation and neurite growth, increases voltage-gated current of Ca2+ but not Na+ or K+ in matured neurons, boosts their spiking without changing their passive membrane properties, and enhances synaptic transmission between them.

Conclusions
These results expand our understanding of interaction between Ti3C2Tx MXene and NSCs and provide a critical line of evidence for using Ti3C2Tx MXene in neural interface or scaffold in stem cell therapy.
Metformin and histone deacetylase inhibitor based anti-inflammatory nanoplatform for epithelial-mesenchymal transition suppression and metastatic tumor treatment
Authors: Jiang Tianze , Xie Laozhi , Zhou Songlei , Liu Yipu , Huang Yukun , Mei Ni , Ma Fenfen , Gong Jingru , Gao Xiaoling , Chen Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEpithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a differentiation process with aberrant changes of tumor cells, is identified as an initial and vital procedure for metastatic processes. Inflammation is a significant inducer of EMT and provides an indispensable target for blocking EMT, however, an anti-inflammatory therapeutic with highlighted safety and efficacy is deficient. Metformin is a promising anti-inflammatory agent with low side effects, but tumor monotherapy with an anti-inflammation drug could generate therapy resistance, cell adaptation or even promote tumor development. Combination therapies with various anti-inflammatory mechanisms can be favorable options improving therapeutic effects of metformin, here we develop a tumor targeting hybrid micelle based on metformin and a histone deacetylase inhibitor propofol-docosahexaenoic acid for efficient therapeutic efficacies of anti-inflammatory drugs. Triptolide is further encapsulated in hybrid micelles for orthotopic tumor therapies. The final multifunctional nanoplatforms (HAOPTs) with hyaluronic acid (HA) modification can target tumor efficiently, inhibit tumor cell EMT processes, repress metastasis establishment and suppress metastatic tumor development in a synergistic manner. Collectively, the results afford proof of concept that the tumor targeting anti-inflammatory nanoplatform can provide a potent, safe and clinical translational approach for EMT inhibition and metastatic tumor therapy.
Emerging trends in the nanomedicine applications of functionalized magnetic nanoparticles as novel therapies for acute and chronic diseases
Authors: Dash Sabyasachi , Das Tuhin , Patel Paritosh , Panda Pritam Kumar , Suar Mrutyunjay , Verma Suresh K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHigh-quality point-of-care is critical for timely decision of disease diagnosis and healthcare management. In this regard, biosensors have revolutionized the field of rapid testing and screening, however, are confounded by several technical challenges including material cost, half-life, stability, site-specific targeting, analytes specificity, and detection sensitivity that affect the overall diagnostic potential and therapeutic profile. Despite their advances in point-of-care testing, very few classical biosensors have proven effective and commercially viable in situations of healthcare emergency including the recent COVID-19 pandemic. To overcome these challenges functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have emerged as key players in advancing the biomedical and healthcare sector with promising applications during the ongoing healthcare crises. This critical review focus on understanding recent developments in theranostic applications of functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Given the profound global economic and health burden, we discuss the therapeutic impact of functionalized MNPs in acute and chronic diseases like small RNA therapeutics, vascular diseases, neurological disorders, and cancer, as well as for COVID-19 testing. Lastly, we culminate with a futuristic perspective on the scope of this field and provide an insight into the emerging opportunities whose impact is anticipated to disrupt the healthcare industry.Graphical Abstract
Tailor-made natural and synthetic grafts for precise urethral reconstruction
Authors: Tan Qinyuan , Le Hanxiang , Tang Chao , Zhang Ming , Yang Weijie , Hong Yazhao , Wang Xiaoqing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInjuries to the urethra can be caused by malformations, trauma, inflammation, or carcinoma, and reconstruction of the injured urethra is still a significant challenge in clinical urology. Implanting grafts for urethroplasty and end-to-end anastomosis are typical clinical interventions for urethral injury. However, complications and high recurrence rates remain unsatisfactory. To address this, urethral tissue engineering provides a promising modality for urethral repair. Additionally, developing tailor-made biomimetic natural and synthetic grafts is of great significance for urethral reconstruction. In this work, tailor-made biomimetic natural and synthetic grafts are divided into scaffold-free and scaffolded grafts according to their structures, and the influence of different graft structures on urethral reconstruction is discussed. In addition, future development and potential clinical application strategies of future urethral reconstruction grafts are predicted.
Hypertoxic self-assembled peptide with dual functions of glutathione depletion and biosynthesis inhibition for selective tumor ferroptosis and pyroptosis
Authors: Gao Yang , Li Yun , Cao Hongmei , Jia Haixue , Wang Dianyu , Ren Chunhua , Wang Zhongyan , Yang Cuihong , Liu Jianfeng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAbundant glutathione (GSH) is a biological characteristic of lots of tumor cells. A growing number of studies are utilizing GSH depletion as an effective adjuvant therapy for tumor. However, due to the compensatory effect of intracellular GSH biosynthesis, GSH is hard to be completely exhausted and the strategy of GSH depletion remains challenging. Herein, we report an l-buthionine-sulfoximine (BSO)-based hypertoxic self-assembled peptide derivative (NSBSO) with dual functions of GSH depletion and biosynthesis inhibition for selective tumor ferroptosis and pyroptosis. The NSBSO consists of a hydrophobic self-assembled peptide motif and a hydrophilic peptide derivative containing BSO that inhibits the synthesis of GSH. NSBSO was cleaved by GSH and thus experienced a morphological transformation from nanoparticles to nanofibers. NSBSO showed GSH-dependent cytotoxicity and depletion of intracellular GSH. In 4T1 cells with medium GSH level, it depleted intracellular GSH and inactivated GSH peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and thus induced efficient ferroptosis. While in B16 cells with high GSH level, it exhausted GSH and triggered indirect increase of intracellular ROS and activation of Caspase 3 and gasdermin E, resulting in severe pyroptosis. These findings demonstrate that GSH depletion- and biosynthesis inhibition-induced ferroptosis and pyroptosis strategy would provide insights in designing GSH-exhausted medicines.
Graphical Abstract