bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Traumatic Brain Injury in a High-Volume Tertiary Care Center in India: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Steinruecke Moritz , Nair Shalini , Venturini Sara , Siannis Fotios , Hutchinson Peter J. , Kolias Angelos , Joseph Mathew 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health challenge in India but there is a lack of high-quality data on its clinical characteristics and outcomes. We aimed to describe the TBI population of a tertiary care center in India, identify predictors of inpatient mortality, and assess the performance of existing prognostic tools.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective observational cohort study of patients admitted to a high-volume tertiary care center in Vellore, India, after a TBI between 2013 and 2019.

RESULTS:
We identified 3172 patients (2667 males, 84%) admitted after a TBI (median age = 34 years [IQR 23-48]). Two-wheeler road traffic accidents caused 2259 (71%) injuries, in which 13 (0.6%) patients were wearing a helmet. There were 174 (5%) inpatient deaths (median length of stay = 6 days [IQR 4-10]) and overall mortality (median follow-up = 6 months [IQR 3-9]) was 17% (n = 540). Age, Glasgow Coma Scale motor score, systolic blood pressure ≤90 mm Hg, and key computed tomography imaging features were independently associated with inpatient mortality. Existing prognostic models predicted inpatient mortality with good performance (International Mission for Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials in TBI: Brier = 0.0876, area under the curve (AUC) = 83% [95% CI 79%-87%]; Rotterdam CT: Brier = 0.0890, AUC 79% [95% CI 75%-83%]), but showed poorer performance for post-discharge mortality (International Mission for Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials in TBI: Brier = 0.134, AUC = 75% [95% CI 72%-78%]; Rotterdam CT: Brier = 0.145, AUC 66% [95% CI 63%-69%]).

CONCLUSION:
In a tertiary care center in India, we described a predominantly young male TBI population with a high contribution of 2-wheeler road traffic accidents and significant post-discharge mortality. Existing prognostic models showed poor performance when predicting which patients died after discharge. These findings should inform public health interventions to reduce the significant burden of TBI in India.
Early Repeat Residual Resection Versus Adjuvant Therapy for Incompletely Resected Glioblastoma: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Damante Mark A. , Vignolles-Jeong Joshua , Finger Guilherme , Kreatsoulas Daniel , Cua Santino , Giglio Pierre , Ong Shirley , Lonser Russell R. , Wu Kyle C. , Elder J. Bradley 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Maximal safe resection of newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) optimizes clinical outcomes. For patients who receive biopsy or subtotal resection (STR), early repeat resection (ERR) to improve extent of resection can be considered but is controversial. Oncological outcomes of patients undergoing ERR for residual GBM to patients receiving upfront at least near-total resection were compared.

METHODS:
This case-control study including patients with GBM treated at a single institution identified 3 treatment groups: (1) ERR patients underwent biopsy or STR (<95% cytoreduction), followed by ≥NTR (≥95% cytoreduction) within 8 weeks; (2) control patients underwent upfront ≥NTR; and (3) biopsy with chemoradiation only. ERR and control patients were 1:1 case-control matched by age, performance status, O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase methylation status, isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation status, and completion of standard chemoradiation. Patient demographics, treatments, and oncological outcomes were analyzed. A P-value of <.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS:
A total of 22 ERR patients (16 biopsies and 6 STR) were identified, and each was matched with a control patient. Baseline patient characteristics at presentation did not differ between matched patients. Time from first surgery to chemoradiation was longer in the ERR cohort (1.8 vs 1.1 months, P < .001). Median overall survival (mOS) (17.7 vs 20.3 months, P = .87) and progression-free survival (5.5 vs 4.5 months, P = .25) did not differ between ERR and control groups, respectively. In the biopsy-only group, mOS was 4.1. Univariate Cox-regression analysis suggested age, failure to complete chemoradiation, isocitrate dehydrogenase-wt, and hemorrhage at presentation were independent predictors of mOS, whereas only age and failure to complete chemoradiation remained independent predictors of mOS after multivariate analysis. Surgical complications were similar between cohorts.

CONCLUSION:
ERR achieving ≥95% extent of resection within 8 weeks of initial surgery results in similar oncological outcomes to upfront ≥NTR in a case-control–matched analysis despite delayed initiation in chemoradiation for the ERR cohort.
Exercise May Improve Completion of Standard and Emerging Cancer Treatments
Authors: Catalá-Vilaplana Ignacio , Cao Sabrina E. , Zadravec Kendra , LeVasseur Nathalie , Kimple Randall J. , Lim Amy J. , Courneya Kerry S. , Campbell Kristin L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Receipt of the entire course of intended anti-cancer treatment is critical to maximize treatment efficacy, reduce risk of disease recurrence, and improve survival. Engaging in an exercise program during cancer treatment has the potential to improve treatment completion, but standardization in terminology for reporting on cancer treatment completion is needed, especially as types of cancer treatments continue to evolve.
Looking at the Trees to See the Forest: Construal Level Shift in Strategic Problem Framing and Formulation
Authors: Park Chan Hyung , Baer Markus , Nickerson Jackson 
Published: February 2025

Effective strategy development, evaluation, and implementation starts with a comprehensive understanding of strategic problems. However, developing such an understanding is often challenging due to the complexity of such problems and because how they can be solved is not yet known. Managers often oversimplify these problems by focusing on a few symptoms and obvious causes. Research indicates that big picture, abstract thinking helps managers explore underlying causes more flexibly, but it can also lead to overlooking key symptoms that do not fit existing frameworks. Instead, concrete thinking is likely essential for individuals to identify the full range of symptoms characterizing strategic problems. Because symptoms are essential for fully understanding strategic problems—they are the building blocks for managers to build theories about causes—both concrete and abstract thinking may be necessary. Drawing on construal level theory, we propose a construal level shift model. The central claim of our model is that managers benefit from first adopting a low construal level (concrete) thinking when framing strategic problems to identify all relevant symptoms. The benefit of a high construal level (abstract) thinking lies in combining these symptoms more flexibly to theorize more comprehensively about the underlying causes. Two experimental studies and one correlational study, involving samples of working individuals, managers, and experienced executives, support our model. Our findings contribute to the behavioral and knowledge-based views of the firm, the theory-based view of strategy, and managerial cognition research. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2024.19134 .
An application of nowcasting methods: Cases of norovirus during the winter 2023/2024 in England
Authors: Mellor Jonathon , Tang Maria L. , Finch Emilie , Christie Rachel , Polhill Oliver , Overton Christopher E. , Hoban Ann , Douglas Amy , Deeny Sarah R. , Ward Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Background
Norovirus is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis, adding to strain on healthcare systems. Diagnostic test reporting of norovirus is often delayed, resulting in incomplete data for real-time surveillance.

Methods
To nowcast the real-time case burden of norovirus a generalised additive model (GAM), semi-mechanistic Bayesian joint process and delay model “epinowcast”, and Bayesian structural time series (BSTS) model including syndromic surveillance data were developed. These models were evaluated over weekly nowcasts using a probabilistic scoring framework.

Results
Using the weighted interval score (WIS) we show a heuristic approach is outperformed by models harnessing time delay corrections, with daily mean WIS = 7.73, 3.03, 2.29 for the baseline, “epinowcast”, and GAM, respectively. Forecasting approaches were reliable in the event of temporally changing reporting values, with WIS = 4.57 for the BSTS model. However, the syndromic surveillance (111 online pathways) did not improve the BSTS model, WIS = 10.28, potentially indicating poor correspondence between surveillance indicators.

Interpretation
Analysis of surveillance data enhanced by nowcasting delayed reporting improves understanding over simple model assumptions, important for real-time decision making. The modelling approach needs to be informed by the patterns of the reporting delay and can have large impacts on operational performance and insights produced.
Design of a clinical balance tool for fall risk assessments: A development and usability study
Authors: Garvin Jennifer Hornung , Yazzie Virginia M. , Katsuyama Natalie A. , Rudloff Truman , Worthen-Chaudhari Lise C. , Chaudhari Ajit M. W. 
Published: February 2025

Background
Falls are a significant source of early morbidity and mortality in the aging population, yet clinical changes that lead to increased fall risks often escape early identification and intervention. A device to measure postural control would facilitate evidence-based fall risk assessment.

Objectives
Our objectives were to iteratively develop a prototype quantitative posture instrument (QuPI) to replace the weight scale and to assess barriers and facilitators of its implementation in a clinical setting.

Methods
We undertook an iterative formative evaluation and usability study of QuPI prototypes in primary care, medical oncology, sports medicine, cardiology, and endocrinology outpatient clinics. Clinicians evaluated an initial QuPI prototype and completed a semi-structured interview to determine critical functionality, inform design, and assess usability. The QuPI was then modified according to the results, and a new prototype was tested and evaluated.

Results
Eighteen clinicians participated in both rounds of interviews. Clinicians who participated (referred to as participants) reported willingness to use the QuPI with all patients during the first round of interviews and stated they would replace their current weight scale with the modified QuPI during the second round of interviews. Participants identified design elements that were both facilitators and barriers to use. Usability scores for both prototypes were excellent. Despite several national guidelines for fall risk assessments, lack of consistent use of guidelines by care teams was found to be a barrier to effective fall risk assessments.

Conclusion
The QuPI provides a new method for quantifying fall risks with good user acceptance, usability, and clinical feasibility without disrupting workflow. The QuPI supplemented and facilitated the use of standard algorithms for fall risk assessment. Greater education of the entire care team regarding evidence-based fall risk assessment will promote adherence to guidelines and fall prevention.
Mediating effect of illness perception between self-care ability and health-promoting behaviors among patients with stable coronary artery disease
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Gong Xinyue , Cheng Jing , Wu Yingting , Wang Sihan , Zhu Ying , Liu Changyi , He Fei , Xu Kehui 
Published: February 2025

Background
The interaction between illness perception, self-care ability, and health-promoting behaviors (HPB) in stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) patients remains uncertain. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to explore the correlation between self-care ability, illness perception, and HPB among patients with SCAD, as well as the potential mediating role of illness perception between self-care ability and HPB.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out among 184 inpatients with SCAD in Hefei, China, from December 2022 to March 2023. The Self-Care of Coronary Heart Disease Inventory (SC-CHDI, containing three dimensions: self-care maintenance, self-care management, and self-care confidence), Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R, containing seven dimensions: illness duration, illness consequence, personal control, treatment control, illness coherence, cyclical timeline, emotional distress), Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile Ⅱ (HPLP-Ⅱ) were used in the questionnaires. SPSS 25.0 software and PROCESS version 4.2 plug-in was used to analyze the mediating effect.

Results
HPB of SCAD patients was at moderate level. A range of factors including education level, marital status, self-care maintenance, self-care management, self-care confidence, illness coherence, and emotional distress are potential influencers of HPB. Illness coherence had a partially mediated effect between self-care maintenance and HPB (β = 0.063, 95% CI: 0.021~0.111), accounting for 20.59% of the total effect. Similarly, illness coherence had a partially mediated effect between self-care management and HPB (β = 0.055, 95% CI: 0.016~0.105), accounting for 13.78% of the total effect. However, none of the dimensions of illness perception mediated between self-care confidence and HPB. Self-care confidence directly influenced HPB, accounting for 92.40% of the total effect.

Conclusion
It is necessary for hospital healthcare workers, community workers, and patients’ families to work together to focus on the self-care ability and positive illness perception of patients with cardiovascular disease, so as to increase patients’ motivation to participate in HPB and improve their quality of life.
Factors associated with phosphate homeostasis in children with beta-thalassemia major: An analytical cross sectional study from Pakistan
Authors: Jafri Lena , Jameel Farooqui Arsala , Moiz Bushra , Sheikh Aisha , Majid Hafsa , Nadeem Sarah , Quddus Ruhul , Khan Samia , Khan Qurat-ul-Ain , Habib Khan Aysha 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Children with beta-thalassemia major (β-TM) commonly experience metabolic bone diseases. Understanding fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) levels in these children can shed light on phosphate dysregulation. This study aimed to assess changes in phosphate homeostasis and associated factors, including FGF-23 and explore relationships between iron overload, FGF23 levels, and phosphorus regulation for clinical management of phosphate disorders, in children with β-TM.

Methods
143 β-TM patients (57.3% male, median age 12 years) were recruited from Fatimid Foundation Karachi, a blood transfusion facility from January to October 2022. Clinical and biochemical evaluations were conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, including serum ferritin, calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), vitamin D levels, and FGF-23. Descriptive and inferential statistics including multivariable analysis were applied.

Results
This study enrolled 143 patients, with 57.3% males. The median age was 12 years, with 53% underweight. Blood transfusion rates varied, with 66.4% receiving 2/month. Bone/joint pain was reported by 76.2%, with 60.8% requiring analgesics. Median serum ferritin was 2768.3 ng/mL. Hypophosphatemia and hyperphosphatemia were observed in 5.6% and 3.5% of participants, respectively. Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency affected 92.3%. Plasma c-FGF23 was elevated in 60.8%, while i-FGF23 was high in 14%. A low TMP-GFR (glomerular filtration rate) was associated with high c-FGF23 and low i-FGF23. Multivariable regression revealed c-FGF23, TMP:GFR, Corrected Ca, iPTH, and an interaction term between corrected Ca and iPTH as predictors of serum P variability (~75%).

Conclusion
The study identified contributors to the variations observed in serum P levels in individuals with β-TM and recommends multidisciplinary care and prospective future studies to form targeted interventions for this population.
Impact of COVID-19 on admission and in-hospital mortality of patients with acute myocardial infarction in Korea: An interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Hwang Soo-Hee , Chang Youngs , Bai Haibin , Yun Jieun , Lee Hyejin , Lee Jin Yong 
Published: February 2025

Objectives
The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on admission and in-hospital mortality of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods
We constructed a dataset of monthly hospitalizations and mortality of inpatients with AMI from January 2017 to December 2021 utilizing the National Health Insurance Claims Data which covers nearly the entire population. Using an interrupted time series (ITS), we investigated how COVID-19 affected hospitalizations and in-hospital deaths of patients with AMI.

Results
During the study period, the average age of patients with AMI was 65.2–65.8 years, and the ratio of men to women was higher, with 73.0–75.3% of patients being men and 24.7–27.0% being women. ITS analysis showed that admission rates of patients with AMI decreased one per 100,000 population due to COVID-19 (P<0.001). Reductions in admission rates were greatest among men, those aged 55 and older, and people with medical aid. COVID-19 did not affect inpatient mortality (p = 0.9608), but in-hospital mortality decreased from 12% to 7% in the medical aid group.

Conclusion
Overall, we found that COVID-19 had an impact on admission rates of patients with AMI but did not have a significant impact on in-hospital mortality. However, we also found differential impacts by sex, age, and socioeconomic status, indicating some may be more vulnerable. This highlights the importance of identifying and supporting these vulnerable populations to prevent poorer health outcomes.
New horizons in live and dehydrated black soldier fly larvae usage: Behavioral and welfare implications in “Bianca di Saluzzo” cockerels
Authors: Bongiorno Valentina , Fiorilla Edoardo , Gariglio Marta , Zambotto Valeria , Cappone Eleonora Erika , Bergagna Stefania , Manenti Isabella , Macchi Elisabetta , Gai Francesco , Schiavone Achille 
Published: February 2025

The literature on poultry welfare and behavior reports numerous promising effects derived from the administration of live or dehydrated black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) as environmental enrichment; however, their use in slow-growing male chickens has never been evaluated. To fill this gap, we divided a total of 144 Bianca di Saluzzo male chicks aged 39 days old into three experimental groups (six replicates, eight birds/replicate): control (C, no enrichment provided), dehydrated larvae (DL, 4.12% as fed), and live larvae (LL, 15.38% as fed), and reared until 147 days of age. Explorative and aggressive behavior patterns were analyzed, in concomitance with a tonic immobility test and the avoidance distance test, heterophile to lymphocyte -H/L- ratio), and excreta corticosterone metabolites (ECM) matrices. Overall, LL and DL supplementation were both effective at mitigating aggressive interactions among chickens (P < 0.05), while the frequency of indoor explorative behavior was lower in the LL group compared with C and DL (P < 0.01). By contrast, we found no differences in fear reduction during the avoidance distance test in the LL or DL groups compared with C (P < 0.05). We found a trend for the H/L ratio to be C < LL<DL (P = 0.051), and ECM concentrations were significantly lower in DL and LL groups compared with C (P < 0.001). In conclusion, the use of DL and LL as environmental enrichment have the potential to produce beneficial outcomes in slow-growing male chickens.
Inventories as Keys to Exploring Castles as Cultural Heritage
Authors: Antenhofer Christina , Gruber-Tokić Elisabeth , Hiebel Gerald , Matschinegg Ingrid , Posch Claudia , Rampl Gerhard 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article explores the potential of engaging the public in an ongoing interdisciplinary research project on castle inventories at the universities of Salzburg and Innsbruck. Our aim is to create a digital platform that uses inventories as a key to explore the living conditions in late medieval and early modern castles. In this article, we want to give an initial insight into the research project in terms of the theme of this volume: how the digital platform we are creating will contribute to engaging the public with material culture projects. We start from the hypothesis that inventories are neither objective nor simple lists of things, but products of an inventory practice, with traces of this activity, found both in the texts and in the materiality of the archival records. They contain a wealth of information on relations between things, people, activities, rooms, and the words used for them. We use digital methods of text recognition to interpret a corpus of 130 castle inventories from the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries in the historical region of Tyrol (Austria/Italy) as historical sources and on castles as social spaces. With ontological modelling and deduction from the archival records, we want to make the historical practice of creating inventories visible and use the information to explore everyday life at the castles. For selected castles, we will combine historical data with results from building history to create virtual room books. Digital tools will allow presenting the relations of objects, spaces, individuals, actions, and social practices and provide results for the scientific community as well as for the interested public.
Modelos de Masculinidad en Libros Infantiles y Recursos Electrónicos de Prehistoria
Authors: San-Martín Alberto , Santisteban-Fernández Antoni 
Published: February 2025

Los libros infantiles de prehistoria (LIP) y los recursos electrónicos de prehistoria (REP) son recursos educativos frecuentemente utilizados en el aula. Si bien se han estudiado los estereotipos de género y la presencia/ausencia de personajes masculinos y femeninos en estos formatos, no existen aún estudios específicos que aborden la representación de la masculinidad en dichos dispositivos. El objetivo central de este estudio es analizar los modelos de masculinidad en las representaciones iconográficas de una muestra de LIP (n=5) y de REP (n=2). Para ello, se construye un instrumento categorial, con vocación de replicabilidad, con datos a priori a partir de la revisión exhaustiva y sistemática de bibliografía y datos emergentes de la muestra. Desde un enfoque socio-crítico con perspectiva feminista y los principios de la literacidad visual crítica se sigue un método mixto. Por un lado, cualitativo descriptivo y por otro cuantitativo estadístico descriptivo. Los resultados obtenidos informan de la presencia extendida del modelo de masculinidad hegemónica, dificultando la transposición didáctica de los avances recientes en prehistoria y arqueología relativos a la colaboración necesaria entre sexos como parte de un mismo colectivo y donde las tareas de mantenimiento y de cuidados fueron esenciales para la vida y la supervivencia.