bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel selectively amplified DNA sequences in the germline genome of the Japanese hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri
Authors: Nagao Kohei , Otsuzumi Tomoko , Chinone Hitomi , Sasaki Takashi , Yoshimoto Junko , Matsuda Makiko , Kubota Souichirou , Goto Yuji 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the Japanese hagfish Eptatretus burgeri, 16 chromosomes (eliminated [E]-chromosomes) have been lost in somatic cells (2n=36), which is equivalent to approx. 21% of the genomic DNA in germ cells (2n=52). At least seven of the 12 eliminated repetitive DNA families isolated in eight hagfish species were selectively amplified in the germline genome of this species. One of them, EEEb1 (eliminated element of E. burgeri 1) is exclusively localized on all E-chromosomes. Herein, we identified four novel eliminated repetitive DNA families (named EEEb3–6) from this species through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) combined with Southern-blot hybridization. EEEb3 was mosaic for 5S rDNA and SINE element. EEEb4 was GC-rich repeats and had one pair of direct and inverted repeats, whereas EEEb5 and EEEb6 were AT-rich repeats and composed of several sub-repeats. Interestingly, all but EEEb3 were transcribed in the testes, although no functional open reading frame (ORF) was found. We conducted fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to examine the chromosomal localizations of EEEb3–6 and EEEb2, which was initially isolated from the germline DNA of this species. All of them were completely colocalized on all EEEb1-positive E-chromosomes. The estimation of the copy number by slot-blot hybridization revealed that (i) EEEb1–6 family members occupied 39.9% of the total eliminated DNA, and (ii) a small number of repeats were retained in somatic cells, suggesting the incomplete elimination. These results provide new insights about the mechanisms involved in the chromosome elimination and the evolution of E-chromosomes.
HIV associated factors among men who have sex with men in Maanshan, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Qin Qi-rong , Qiao Ni-ni , Zhu Hong-bin , Mei Yu-nan , Zhang Qian , Fan Yin-guang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: This study conducted a survey of men who have sex with men (MSM) in Maanshan City of Anhui Province to assess the risk behaviors related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection..Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from June 2016 to June 2019. The MSM were recruited by a peer-driven sampling method. A face-to-face interview with anonymous questionnaire were used for data collection. The information collected by the survey was summarized and epidemiology described the basic characteristics of MSM, and then the related factors were statistically analyzed.Results: A total of 934 MSM were recruited with a mean age was 30.5 (SD=8.90) years old, including 816 (87.4%) HIV negative participants and 118 (12.6%) HIV positive ones. This study showed that laborer, freelancer, scope of sexual partners distribution, number of MSM friends, role of anal sex with men was receptive and versatile and non-steady sex partners were risk factors for HIV infection, while monthly income, frequency of condom use and number of oral sex partners in the past 6 months were protective factors for HIV infection.Conclusion: Risk behaviors were common in MSM, and urgent need for targeted and comprehensive interventions to reduce risky sexual behaviour and to prevent HIV infection in MSM.
Atomic imaging and thermally induced dynamic structural evolution of two-dimensional non-layered Cr2S3
Authors: Liu Ling , Tseng Tang , Huang Wei , Lo Hung-Yang , Wang Che-Hung , Hou An-Yuan , Yasuhara Akira , Wu Wen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional non-layered materials have attracted considerable attention owing to their potential for innovative applications. Chromium sulfide (Cr2S3) is a ferrimagnetic material with special spin states and thickness-dependent conduction-type transition properties. However, a fundamental understanding of Cr2S3 is limited, and a comprehensive study of its structural properties is essential for practical applications. In this study, facile salt-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) was used to synthesize ultrathin non-van der Waals Cr2S3 with a thickness of ~1.9 nm. The structural transformation of as-grown Cr2S3 was studied using advanced in situ heating techniques combined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Two-dimensional (2D) and quasi-one-dimensional (1D) samples were fabricated to investigate the connection between specific planes and the dynamic behavior of the structural variation. For the 2D specimen, we studied the transition from a disorder-Cr1/3 layer of R-Cr2S3 to trigonal-Cr2S3, and trigonal-Cr2S3 to monoclinic-Cr3S4; for the quasi-1D specimen, we studied the transition from a disorder-Cr1/3 layer of R-Cr2S3 to monoclinic-Cr3S4 and monoclinic-Cr3S4 to trigonal-Cr5S6. The rearrangement of atoms during the phase transition was driven by the loss of sulfur atoms at elevated temperatures, resulting in increased free energy. The effect of the ratio of (001) plane on the structural transformation temperature was also discussed. A decrease in the ratio of (001) plane led to an overall increase in surface energy, thus lowering the critical phase transition temperature. Our study provides detailed insight into the mechanism of structural transformation and the critical factors governing transition temperature, thus paving the way for future studies on intriguing Cr-S compounds.
Implementation of Filter Structures in VLF Band for Remote Sensing Systems Using MCFOA
Authors: SEN Fadile , KIRCAY Ali , COBB Buket SONBAS 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Different analogue filter circuits were designed containing a current-mode first-order and a minimum number of grounded passive elements. These circuits are designed to be used in the very low frequency (VLF − 3 kHz and 30 kHz) band, which is employed in remote sensing systems. They are designed with the help of an active element, called the modified current feedback operational amplifier (MCFOA). For this, first, currentmode first-order low-pass, high-pass and all-pass filter circuits are designed. Second, a current-mode first-order single input and three-output universal filters are designed to provide simultaneous low-pass, high-pass and all-pass filter outputs. These filter structures contained only four grounded passive components and one MCFOA. The cut-off frequencies of the filters are measured at 10 kHz. It has been observed that the filter structures can be used in the VLF band, as can be understood from the cut-off frequency. Furthermore, the frequency and gain of the filters can be adjusted electronically, by changing the values of the parameters in these filter circuits. The total harmonic distortion (THD; (%)) of these generated circuits is THD (%) ≤ 1. Moreover, the presented filter circuits provided wide dynamic range (DR > 60 dB). In addition, the total power loss of these filters is less than 1 mW for 2.5 V single-supply. Accuracies of these structures were verified using the PSpice program.
Numerical analysis of dynamics and durability of rotor elements in gas turbine engines
Authors: Ryzhikov I. N. , Repetskiy O. V. , Nguyen Van Vinh 
Published: July 2022

In this work, an accurate algorithm for calculating the durability of rotor wheels in gas turbine engines undergoing detuning of parameters was developed. The finite element method, underlying the Ansys Software, was used for modelling free and forced oscillations of rotor wheels. During the experiments, the detuning was simulated by attaching additional masses to the wheel blades. The calculations of frequencies, modes of forced oscillations, as well as dynamic stresses arising due to these oscillations, were carried out using the Fourier series. The schematisation of dynamic stresses, i.e. differentiation of obtained stresses into levels having specific amplitudes, was used to calculate durability. The main research result comprises the developed algorithm for calculating the durability of rotor wheels of gas-turbine engines subjected to parameter detuning. This algorithm served as a basis for the Ocs_Rotor software for investigating the natural oscillations of blades and rotor wheels under parameter detuning. Using this software, the natural frequencies and oscillation modes of the blades were calculated. Dynamic stresses under forced oscillations, as well as durability of the rotor wheel, were calculated using the obtained results. The results of calculating the service life of an actual rotor wheel having three different positions of blades under detuning allowed the construction having the maximum service life of 1.75 * 105 hours to be selected. Comparing the results of calculations, obtained using the Ocs_Rotor software, with those of field experiments, carried out at Brandenburg Technical University (Cottbus, Germany), demonstrated high accuracy characterised by a maximum error of 4 %. This suggests that the software may be used to design structures of maximum service life. The results of durability calculations of an actual rotor wheel having different blade positions under detuning allowed practical recommendations for engineers on the positioning of the blades in the wheel to be established.
Physicochemical parameters of a hydrochemical technology employing sodium chloride to obtain cryolite used in aluminium production
Authors: Safiev Kh. , Naimov N. A. , Ruziev J. R. , Akhmadshoev I. Sh. , Juraqulov A. M. , Murodiyon A. , Nemchinova N. V. 
Published: July 2022

The paper aims to study the physicochemical parameters of a hydrochemical technology employing hydrofluoric acid and local mineral resources (sodium chloride) to obtain cryolite used in the electrolysis of cryolite-alumina melts. In order to determine the elemental chemical and phase compositions of initial, intermediate, and final products, titration and X-ray diffraction analysis (using an upgraded Dron-2 unit) were employed. The conducted studies indicate that the proposed process of cryolite production from hydrofluoric acid at 28–30 % concentration using aluminium hydroxide and a concentrated sodium chloride solution occurs at 25 °С for 10–15 min. The yield of cryolite reaches 87.6 %, while ~12 % of cryolite remains dissolved in the hydrochloric acid solution. With the temperature rising from 25°С to 95°С, the cryolite yield is shown to decrease from 87.6 % to 69.3 % due to its higher solubility in the formed hydrochloric acid. The cryolite production process was validated via X-ray diffraction analysis. The analysed sample was found to be consistent with the cryolite reference, i. e., indicating an interaction between sodium chloride and fluoroaluminic acid. The conducted studies served as a basis for developing a process flow diagram of hydrochemical cryolite production using hydrofluoric acid, aluminium hydroxide, and sodium chloride. The conducted studies revealed that the technology of cryolite production employing sodium chloride is easy to implement and cost-effective due to the use of local mineral resources and low energy consumption.
A personalized approach to the management of patients with chronic nonspecific back pain
Authors: Parfenov V. A. , Parfenova E. V. 
Published: July 2022

Back pain is one of the most common causes of a doctor visit and occupy the first place among all non-infectious diseases in terms of the number of years of life, lost due to persistent deterioration in health. Nonspecific (musculoskeletal) pain represents the most common cause of pain and can be caused by the intervertebral disc extrusion, the lesion of the facet joints, the sacroiliac joints pain (SJP), the myofascial syndrome. A comprehensive (interdisciplinary) approach to the treatment of chronic back pain is aimed not only at reducing pain, but also at increasing physical, social and domestic activity, improving the emotional state, and developing effective stereotypes of behavior. The personalized approach is based on the patient clarifying both anatomical causes of pain and social and psychological, including erroneous ideas about the causes of back pain and its forecast, depression, increased anxiety and insomnia. Kinesitherapy represents the most effective direction when conducting patients with chronic back pain and should be combined with avoiding excessive static and physical exertion. In addition to therapeutic exercises, regular walks are of great importance, the intensity and volume of which can gradually increase. Psychological methods of therapy, mainly cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), are effective for chronic nonspecific back pain, they also use in the presence of emotional disorders and insomnia. In case of damage to the facet joints, the SJP, combined osteoarthritis of the knee and hip joints for chronic back pain as additional therapy, combined drugs of chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine sulfate are used. Unfortunately, in our country, a personalized approach is rarely used, including the CBT, but its use can help many patients with chronic back pain.
Information overload and sleep disorders
Authors: Pchelina P. V. , Sursaev V. A. , Poluektov M. G. 
Published: July 2022

Due to the processes of globalization and transition to the information society their negative effects started to become apparent, namely virtually unlimited access to an abundance of information. Information overload occurs when the amount of information exceeds the perceptual abilities of accepting human being. It questions the impact of this process on health and sleep. Such phenomena as mind scrolling, communicative overload, distrust of digital security, cyber violence, digital inequality as mediators or consequences of information overload are considered. This article reviews the types of the information overload, ways of disseminating information, mechanisms of influence on the self-rated health and psychological condition and sleep, connections with anxiety and depression. This subject became especially relevant in the context of COVID-19 pandemic, since isolation, restriction of motor activity, and increased time spent behind the screen have become important predictors not only of sleep disorders, but also of other health problems. The article addresses the issue of subjects of studies are usually teenagers and people under 35 (generation Z), as the most active smartphones, messengers, social networks and mass media users. The problem of providing unfair information to users of social networks of different regions of residence, socio-economic levels is raised. Most scientists agree that the ways to solve the described problems are to limit the time behind the screen, the amount of content consumed per day, and compliance with sleep hygiene. Additional studies are required to determine the exact pathophysiological mechanisms of the effect of stress on sleep.
Evaluation of the tolerability of zoledronic acid preparations for parenteral administration
Authors: Shafieva I. A. , Bulgakova S. V. , Shafieva A. V. 
Published: July 2022

Introduction. From the perspective of evidence-based medicine, bisphosphonates (BP) represented by several drugs with various routes of administration and dosing regimens have been recognized as the gold standard for the treatment of osteoporosis (OP). Generic BPs are widely used for the treatment of OP due to the availability and optimal balance of cost and effectiveness.The aim is to compare the tolerability of the generic zoledronic acid 5 mg (Osteostatics) and the original zoledronic acid 5 mg (Aclasta).Materials and methods. A total of 54 women aged 56–65 years with postmenopausal OP were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups: 28 patients (Group 1) received intravenous infusions of Osteostatics 5 mg, 26 (Group 2) received Aclasta. Patients in both groups received concomitant therapy with calcium carbonate (1000 mg once a day) and vitamin D (2000 IU once a day). Adverse event data were collected within a week.Results. Among side effects, it was fever that occurred most often: 57.1% in patients receiving Osteostatics (Group 1), and 61.5% in patients receiving Aclasta (Group 2). Headache occurred in 53.5% and 50% of cases, respectively. Side effects such as arthralgia and flu-like syndrome were less common and accounted for 17.8% and 15.4% of cases. Nausea only occurred in 14.2% and 11.5%, myalgia in 42.8% and 38.4%, respectively. In most cases the side effects did not last for more than 48 hours. The frequency and severity of side effects were comparable in patients with comorbidities in both groups.Conclusion. The tolerability of the generic zoledronic acid Osteostatix at a dose of 5 mg is comparable to the original drug Aklasta.
A participatory SWOT analysis on water, sanitation, and hygiene management of disabled females in Dhaka slums of Bangladesh
Authors: Nowreen Sara , Chowdhury Md. Arif , Tarin Nusrat Jahan , Hasan Md. Robiul , Zzaman Rashed Uz 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Rampant slum growths add more barriers to scaling up sustainable WASH facilities coupled with safe MHM amenities for megacities. On top of inequalities in accessing to WASH provision, MHM sensitivity to the needs of disabled girls or women is commonly denied. Low-income community case studies from the megalopolis of Dhaka, Bangladesh, capture multi-faceted links between disabled-female's agony and hygiene issues. Layers of discrimination are faced starting from no education after puberty to becoming a family burden. An overall assessment was further extended to identify SWOT for water and sanitation access to hygiene and MHM practices from the gender perspectives applying several mixed-method participatory approaches. Insufficient government support amount, inadequate pipeline water supplies, inconvenient infrastructures, and pricey hygiene products are considered as key weaknesses. Immediate demands include policies for empowerment via training, education coupled with caring services, and adequate, affordable, and disabled inclusive MHM amenities at public places. Finally, the analyses suggest community choices classifying recommendations into three broad categories, namely policy, intervention, and research to serve policymakers and gender experts in identifying potential measures to achieve the global targets of SDGs 3, 5, 6, and 10. Among many solutions, income opportunity via non-governmental loans for caretakers was proposed by most.
Utilização de Agrotóxicos na Produção Agrícola e seus Impactos na Saúde do Trabalhador Rural em Goiás (2010 a 2020)
Authors: Constante Kelly Sulainy Alves , Galvão Giovana Tavares , Afonso João Pedro Ribeiro , Lino Maria Eduarda Moreira , Vieira Rodolfo de Paula , Silva Iransé Oliveira , Dutra e Silva Sandro , Oliveira Luís Vicente Franco de 
Published: July 2022

Os altos índices de produção agrícola alcançados na região Centro-Oeste e no estado de Goiás demandam o uso intenso de agrotóxicos, entretanto deve-se considerar os efeitos nocivos desses produtos para a saúde humana. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma discussão da utilização de agrotóxicos na produção agrícola em Goiás e seus impactos na saúde do trabalhador rural no período de 2010 a 2020 com ênfase no município de Anápolis. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo com levantamento de informações junto às bases de dados governamentais e levantamento bibliográfico de artigos publicados sobre produção agrícola, agrotóxicos e intoxicações. Nos anos de 2010 a 2020 o estado de Goiás apresentou um considerável crescimento na produção agrícola e nas vendas de produtos agrotóxicos. O aumento significativo do consumo de agrotóxicos está diretamente associado ao aumento de incidência de intoxicações no Estado. O crescente número de notificações é preocupante, uma vez que o modo e a extensão com que os agrotóxicos são utilizados têm impactado na saúde dos trabalhadores rurais provocando efeitos que se manifestam de diferentes formas e intensidades ao longo de suas vidas, causando doenças, alterações genéticas, fisiológicas e comportamentais, e em muitos casos com evolução para óbitos.
On Measures to Ensure Sovereignty the Russian Legal System
Authors: Gligich-Zolotareva M. V. 
Published: July 2022

Today we can observe a number of fundamental changes in the interstate sphere. There is the systemic crisis of international law. We also can see the attempts to replace it with the American concept of a “rules-based world order”. In response to the unfriendly actions of Western countries, Russia has taken a number of measures in various fields, such as a diplomatic, economic, financial, trade, educational, etc. Russia’s withdrawal from some international organizations unfriendly to our country has begun. At the same time, the legislation of the Russian Federation has accumulated a significant number of acts ratifying international treaties (agreements) which are currently irrelevant or do not correspond to the interests of the Russian Federation, limiting its sovereignty in modern conditions. Considering the obviously unfriendly nature of the activities of a number of states, Russia need for an inventory and revision of it. In addition, Russia is a member of a number of international organizations leading an anti-Russian policy. It makes necessary to audit the expediency of the country’s participation in their activities.
Problems of Ensuring the Balance of Regional Budgets in The Conditions of Sanctions Pressure
Authors: Shabel’nikova S. I. 
Published: July 2022

Having successfully passed the tests of the pandemic, the Russian economy has faced new challenges. Unprecedented sanctions have been imposed on our country by unfriendly States. They affected the Bank of Russia and are related to the management of reserves and assets, as a result of which more than half are blocked. A number of Russian banks have disconnected from the SWIFT payment system and restricted cross-border transfers. Against the background of such a difficult geopolitical situation, the regional economy and the budget system were under serious threat. However, the «pandemic» experience gained allowed the Government of the Russian Federation, the Parliament, and regional management teams not to react slowly to the events taking place and take the necessary steps to contain external sanctions pressure. Priority actions were aimed at stabilizing the situation in financial markets, tax incentives and reducing regulatory restrictions, import support, speeding up budget procedures and the use of funds from state-owned companies, support for SMEs and system-forming enterprises. The rights of the Government of the Russian Federation have been expanded and the opportunity has been given to direct the funds of the NWF for the purchase of Russian government securities and shares of Russian issuers, to identify specific investment projects in the tourism industry. In addition, legislative norms have been adopted that allow regions to respond quickly to changes in the geopolitical situation and the economic situation and reduce the impact of negative factors on the budget system. This article examines the issues of the state of regional budgets in modern conditions, analyzes the state measures taken to preserve the stability of the budget system, and also suggests mechanisms aimed at further strengthening and stabilizing the situation in the regions to ensure the balance of regional budgets.