bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting Mre11 overcomes platinum resistance and induces synthetic lethality in XRCC1 deficient epithelial ovarian cancers
Authors: Alblihy Adel , Ali Reem , Algethami Mashael , Shoqafi Ahmed , Toss Michael S. , Brownlie Juliette , Tatum Natalie J. , Hickson Ian , Moran Paloma Ordonez , Grabowska Anna , Jeyapalan Jennie N. , Mongan Nigel P. , Rakha Emad A. , Madhusudan Srinivasan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPlatinum resistance is a clinical challenge in ovarian cancer. Platinating agents induce DNA damage which activate Mre11 nuclease directed DNA damage signalling and response (DDR). Upregulation of DDR may promote chemotherapy resistance. Here we have comprehensively evaluated Mre11 in epithelial ovarian cancers. In clinical cohort that received platinum- based chemotherapy (n = 331), Mre11 protein overexpression was associated with aggressive phenotype and poor progression free survival (PFS) (p = 0.002). In the ovarian cancer genome atlas (TCGA) cohort (n = 498), Mre11 gene amplification was observed in a subset of serous tumours (5%) which correlated highly with Mre11 mRNA levels (p < 0.0001). Altered Mre11 levels was linked with genome wide alterations that can influence platinum sensitivity. At the transcriptomic level (n = 1259), Mre11 overexpression was associated with poor PFS (p = 0.003). ROC analysis showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.642 for response to platinum-based chemotherapy. Pre-clinically, Mre11 depletion by gene knock down or blockade by small molecule inhibitor (Mirin) reversed platinum resistance in ovarian cancer cells and in 3D spheroid models. Importantly, Mre11 inhibition was synthetically lethal in platinum sensitive XRCC1 deficient ovarian cancer cells and 3D-spheroids. Selective cytotoxicity was associated with DNA double strand break (DSB) accumulation, S-phase cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis. We conclude that pharmaceutical development of Mre11 inhibitors is a viable clinical strategy for platinum sensitization and synthetic lethality in ovarian cancer.
Rationally designed nanoarray catalysts for boosted photothermal CO2 hydrogenation
Authors: Shen Xukai , Li Chaoran , Wu Zhiyi , Tang Rui , Shen Jiahui , Chu Mingyu , Xu Ao-Bo , Zhang Bingchang , He Le , Zhang Xiaohong 
Published: July 2022

A combined structural engineering strategy and thinning strategy were used to optimize nanoarray-based photothermal catalysts, showing a high CO2 conversion rate of 1780 mmol gCo-1 h-1.
Maternal immune activation in rats induces dysfunction of placental leucine transport and alters fetal brain growth
Authors: Kowash Hager M. , Potter Harry G. , Woods Rebecca M. , Ashton Nick , Hager Reinmar , Neill Joanna C. , Glazier Jocelyn D. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Maternal infection during pregnancy increases the offspring risk of developing a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including schizophrenia. While the mechanisms remain unclear, dysregulation of placental function is implicated.
We hypothesised that maternal infection, leading to maternal immune activation and stimulated cytokine production, alters placental and yolk sac amino acid transport, affecting fetal brain development and thus NDD risk. Using a rat model of maternal immune activation induced by the viral mimetic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)), we investigated placental and yolk sac expression of system L amino acid transporter subtypes which transport several essential amino acids including branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), maternal and fetal BCAA concentration, placental 14C-leucine transport activity and associated impacts on fetal growth and development.
Poly(I:C) treatment increased acutely maternal IL-6 and TNFα concentration, contrasting with IL-1β. Transcriptional responses for these pro-inflammatory cytokines were found in placenta and yolk sac following poly(I:C) treatment. Placental and yolk sac weights were reduced by poly(I:C) treatment, yet fetal body weight was unaffected, while fetal brain weight was increased. Maternal plasma BCAA concentration was reduced 24 h post-poly(I:C) treatment, yet placental, but not yolk sac, BCAA concentration was increased. Placental and yolk sac gene expression of Slc7a5, Slc7a8 and Slc43a2 encoding LAT1, LAT2 and LAT4 transporter subtypes, respectively, was altered by poly(I:C) treatment. Placental 14C-leucine transport was significantly reduced 24 h post-treatment, contrasting with a significant increase 6 days following poly(I:C) treatment.
Maternal immune activation induces dysregulated placental transport of amino acids affecting fetal brain development, and NDD risk potential in offspring.
Quality of Measurement in Core Lexicon Measures
Authors: Kim Hana , Schoemann Alexander M. , Wright Heather Harris 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
Core lexicon measures have received growing attention in research. They are intended to provide clinicians with a clinician-friendly means to quantify word retrieval ability in discourse based on normal expectations of discourse production for specific discourse elicitation tasks. To date, different criteria have been used to develop core lexicon measures by groups of researchers. The need for statistical guidance in pursuit of the psychologically robust measure has been recognized.

Aims:

This study was to investigate the best criterion for accurate measurement. Specifically, we focused on two criteria (
frequency
vs.
percentage
) that have previously been used for the development of core lexicon measures.

Method:
Core lexicon measures consisting of five different checklists by word class (verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and function words) and developed by the two criteria were applied to language samples produced by 470 cognitively healthy adults. Performance in word retrieval ability at the discourse level was modeled as a latent variable based on the observed proportions of the production of core lexicon items in two different sets of core lexicon measures using structural equation modeling.

Results:
Results indicated that both criterion for core lexicon measures capture word retrieval ability in discourse. Greater residual variances were found in the core lexicon measure established by the percentage criterion compared to the one established by the frequency criterion. This indicates that the measure based on the percentage criterion is more affected by measurement errors.

Conclusions:
The findings provide evidence that the frequency criterion is better to use for the development of core lexicon measures for core nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs, but not for function words. However, our findings are limited to core lexicon measures based on language samples elicited by wordless picture books. This may not be easily applied to other core lexicon measures that use different discourse elicitation tasks due to the difference in quality and quantity of language samples. Ideally, the same approach should be replicated to evaluate the appropriateness of respective criteria in the development of core lexicon measures.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20304144
ESO‐based output‐feedback regulation control of nonlinear systems with SiISS inverse dynamics
Authors: Wang Chunxiao , Gao Yang , Sun Yuliang , Wu Yuqiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper considers the output‐feedback controller for a class of stochastic cascade nonlinear systems with stochastic integral input‐to‐state stable inverse dynamics, unknown control coefficients, and matching disturbances. By augmenting the existing disturbance as an extended state, a novel extended state observer (ESO) is constructed based on the Riccati differential equation. Based on the techniques of Nussbaum function and backstepping, an adaptive output feedback controller is proposed to guarantee that all system states of the resulting closed‐loop system are globally asymptotically stable in probability. Meanwhile, the other signals are almost surely bounded. Additionally, the validity of the proposed control method is verified by simulation examples.
Low‐complexity, energy‐efficient fully parallel split‐radix FFT architecture
Authors: Hazarika Jinti , Ahamed Shaik Rafi , Nemade Harshal B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFully parallel pipelined fast Fourier transform offers the highest throughput but requires high area and power. In this work, an efficient fast Fourier transform processor based on the split‐radix algorithm is presented to reduce the hardware complexity of fully parallel fast Fourier transforms. In fully parallel pipelined implementations, split‐radix fast Fourier transform requires considerably more registers compared to other fast Fourier transform algorithms leading to more power consumption and high latency in spite of having the least number of multiplications among all fast Fourier transforms. To address this issue, the authors present a new data‐flow graph with no non‐trivial twiddle factors in the odd stages of the split‐radix fast Fourier transform. This facilitates significant reduction in the number of pipelining registers and a lower latency is achieved. Further, an efficient shift‐add twiddle factor multiplier is proposed based on architectural analysis and substructure sharing. A comparison of the proposed design with existing fully parallel fast Fourier transforms is carried out and it is found that the proposed method outperforms other designs. Synthesis results show that the proposed design offers 45–57% area savings and 67–74% energy savings compared to the best existing fully parallel fast Fourier transform design.
Opportunities to support the restoration of electrical grids with little numbers of large power plants through converter‐connected generation and storages
Authors: Becker Holger , Schütt Jonathan , Schürmann Gregor , Spanel Udo , Holicki Lukas , Malekian Kaveh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe nuclear phase‐out in Germany and the decarbonization of the energy supply are accompanied by a profound upheaval of the generation fleet. The decommissioning of large power plants and their replacement by decentralized, renewable generation plants (DG) as well as storage facilities leads to a shift in generation output from power plants connected to the transmission grid to a large number of renewable and decentralized plants connected to the distribution grids. This significantly impacts the approach to restore the interconnected system after a large‐scale blackout. In order to be able to plan and instruct the dispatch of generating power from the network operator's control centres when restoring the grid after a large‐scale blackout, two aggregation and forecasting methods differentiated by voltage level are presented. For larger farms connected to the high‐voltage grid, a structure‐based node approach is chosen; for the multitude of small and microunits connected to the medium‐ and low‐voltage grids, an area‐based approach is used. These methods do provide the network operator with active power/frequency management in the medium and long‐term range. The provision of fast frequency response (FFR) by inverter‐coupled units or storage systems stabilizes the frequency in the short‐term range. In this way, the frequency nadir following a load connection can be mitigated during network restoration, which accelerates the process. This is particularly relevant against the background of the nuclear and coal phase‐out, as it can compensate for the reduction in inertia and controllable feed‐in power caused by power plant shutdowns. In a case study, it is shown that in a grid island typical for the early phase of network restoration, the inertia of a 500 MW coal‐fired power plant can almost be replaced by a battery storage system of 50 MW which provides FFR.
Predicting binding energies of astrochemically relevant molecules via machine learning
Authors: Villadsen T. , Ligterink N. F. W. , Andersen M. 
Published: July 2022

Context. The behaviour of molecules in space is to a large extent governed by where they freeze out or sublimate. The molecular binding energy is therefore an important parameter for many astrochemical studies. This parameter is usually determined with time-consuming experiments, computationally expensive quantum chemical calculations, or the inexpensive yet relatively inaccurate linear addition method.
Aims. In this work, we propose a new method for predicting binding energies (BEs) based on machine learning that is accurate, yet computationally inexpensive.
Methods. We created a machine-learning (ML) model based on Gaussian process regression (GPR) and trained it on a database of BEs of molecules collected from laboratory experiments presented in the literature. The molecules in the database are categorised by their features, such as mono- or multilayer coverage, binding surface, functional groups, valence electrons, and H-bond acceptors and donors.
Results. We assessed the performance of the model with five-fold and leave-one-molecule-out cross validation. Predictions are generally accurate, with differences between predicted binding energies and values from the literature of less than ±20%. We used the validated model to predict the binding energies of 21 molecules that were recently detected in the interstellar medium, but for which binding energy values are unknown. We used a simplified model to visualise where the snow lines of these molecules would be located in a protoplanetary disk.
Conclusions. This work demonstrates that ML can be employed to accurately and rapidly predict BEs of molecules. Machine learning complements current laboratory experiments and quantum chemical computational studies. The predicted BEs will find use in the modelling of astrochemical and planet-forming environments.
Independence number and connectivity for fractional (a, b, k)-critical covered graphs
Authors: Zhou Sizhong , Wu Jiancheng , Liu Hongxia 
Published: July 2022

A graphGis a fractional (a, b, k)-critical covered graph ifG − Uis a fractional [a, b]-covered graph for everyU ⊆ V(G) with |U| = k, which is first defined by (Zhou, Xu and Sun,Inf. Process. Lett.152(2019) 105838). Furthermore, they derived a degree condition for a graph to be a fractional (a, b, k)-critical covered graph. In this paper, we gain an independence number and connectivity condition for a graph to be a fractional (a, b, k)-critical covered graph and verify thatGis a fractional (a, b, k)-critical covered graph ifk(G) ≥ max {2b(a+1)(b+1)+4bk+5/4b,(a+1)2𝛼(G)+4bk+5/4b}.
Phytotherapie bei psychischen Erkrankungen in medizinischen
Leitlinien
Authors: Bittel Miriam , Rakoczy Tobias , Fröhlich Antje , Langhorst Jost 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Phytotherapeutika werden aufgrund ihrer Beliebtheit bei
PatientInnen und ihrer langen traditionellen Verwendung zunehmend in
medizinische Leitlinien aufgenommen.
Methode Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit gibt einen systematischen
Überblick über phytotherapeutische Empfehlungen und Inhalte in
deutschen (AWMF) und internationalen (WFSBP, CANMAT) medizinischen Leitlinien
für psychische Erkrankungen.
Ergebnisse Phytotherapeutika können bei leichten bis
mittelschweren psychischen Störungen wie folgt empfohlen werden:
Depressionen [(+++): Johanniskraut (Hypericum
perforatum L.), (++ ): Safran (Crocus
sativus L.) und Curcuma (Curcuma longa L.), (+): Lavendel
(Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) und (+/–):
Rosenwurz (Rhodiola rosea L.)], Angststörungen
[(++ ): Lavendel und Ashwagandha (Withania
somnifera (L.) Dunal), (+): Galphimia (Galphimia glauca
Cav.), (+/–): Kamille (Matricaria spp.);
„nicht empfohlen“ (–) wird Kava-Kava (Piper
methysticum G. Forst.) wegen möglicher Lebertoxizität],
Schlafstörungen [(+/–): Baldrian (Valeriana
officinalis L.)] und Demenz [(+++): Ginkgo
(Ginkgo biloba L.) zur Verbesserung der Kognition]. Sicherheit und
Verträglichkeit wurden überwiegend als sehr gut bis tolerabel
bewertet.
Schlussfolgerung Internationale Leitlinien zeigen die mögliche
Vielfalt an empfehlenswerten Phytotherapeutika für die Behandlung von
psychischen Erkrankungen auf. Die derzeitige Überarbeitung einer
Vielzahl nationaler Leitlinien zu psychischen Erkrankungen bietet die Chance,
bestehende Empfehlungen für Phytotherapeutika systematisch zu
aktualisieren und neue zu integrieren, um TherapeutInnen eine evidenzbasierte
Nutzen-Risiko-Bewertung für ihre PatientInnen zu
ermöglichen.
Origanum dictamnus L., Kretischer Diptam
Authors: Latté KlausPeter 
Published: July 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Origanum dictamnus L., der Kretische Diptam, wuchs ursprünglich nur
auf Kreta. Die Krautdroge wird seit der Antike zu arzneilichen Zwecken verwendet,
u.a. zur Wundbehandlung, bei gastrointestinalen und gynäkologischen
Beschwerden sowie bei Erkältungskrankheiten. In zahlreichen phytochemischen
Arbeiten wurde eine Vielzahl an Flavonoiden, Zimtsäuren und einfachen
organischen Säuren, Depsiden, Triterpenen und ein ätherisches
Öl beschrieben. Das ätherische Öl besteht
hauptsächlich aus Carvacrol, p-Cymen und γ-Terpinen. Moderne
In-vitro-Untersuchungen belegen antimikrobielle, antioxidative, antiinflammatorische
und antiparasitäre Wirkungen für die Krautdroge, d.h. für
Extrakte und das ätherische Öl. Der HMPC erkannte in einer
Monografie der Krautdroge aufgrund der langjährigen Verwendung den Status
des sog. „traditional use“ zu. Bisher liegen noch keine klinischen
Studien zur Wirksamkeit der Krautdroge und/oder zu Zubereitungen daraus vor.
Johanniskrautextrakte zur antidepressiven
Pharmakotherapie
Authors: Volz Hans-Peter 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungJohanniskrautextrakte enthalten eine Vielzahl von Stoffen, die einzelnen Extrakte
können sich beträchtlich unterscheiden, was bei ihrer Auswahl
und Beurteilung berücksichtigt werden muss. Mittlerweile liegen robuste
Daten zum Wirkmechanismus vor, die sowohl einen direkten Einfluss auf die
Verfügbarkeit von Neurotransmittern (v. a. Noradrenalin,
Serotonin) zeigen, aber auch die β-down-Regulation an der Postsynapse.
Daneben zeigten sich Effekte auf die Regulation der HPA-Achse, auf
entzündliche Prozesse und auch auf die Neuroneogenese. Eine
große Zahl randomisierter, kontrollierter Studien (RCT) konnte
gegenüber Placebo eine bessere Wirksamkeit zeigen, gegenüber
Standardantidepressiva wurde eine Gleichwirksamkeit bzw. Nichtunterlegenheit bei
besserer Verträglichkeit nachgewiesen. Die meisten dieser RCTs wurde im
Bereich leichter bis mittelgradiger Depressionen durchgeführt.
Für einzelne Extrakte wurde auch die Langzeitwirksamkeit
placebokontrolliert gezeigt. Interaktionsgesichtspunkte müssen bei
Kombinationstherapien berücksichtigt werden.
Lavendel bei Angststörungen – Schwerpunkt Lavendelöl
Authors: Volz Hans-Peter 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungAngststörungen sind als Gruppe betrachtet die häufigsten
psychiatrischen Erkrankungen überhaupt, die Ein-Jahres-Prävalenz
beträgt 14%. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden zunächst
die wichtigsten klinischen Charakteristika dieser Erkrankungen vorgestellt und
wie zu einer differentialdiagnostischen Einschätzung gelangt werden
kann. Die wichtigsten Behandlungsmethoden für diese Störungen
sind Psychotherapie und Pharmakotherapie. Bei letzterer Option besitzt das
Phytopharmakon Silexan einen besonderen Stellenwert, da dessen
Effektivität und Verträglichkeit in einer Reihe von
doppelblinden, meist placebokontrollierten Studien im Indikationsbereich
subsyndromale Angststörungen und generalisierte Angststörung
gezeigt werden konnten; auch Metaanalysen über diese Studien
bestätigten diese günstigen Ergebnisse. Zudem liegen
Interaktionsstudien und spezielle Studien zur Fahrfähigkeit und zu dem
Fehlen von Absetzeffekten vor. Insofern stellt Lavendelöl eine wertvolle
Alternative zur Pharmakotherapie der Angststörungen dar.
Induction Chemotherapy in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Tongue—Still a Slippery Role?
Authors: Shanmugam Subbiah , Susikar Sujay , Bharanidharan T , Veerappan Venkatachalam 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Tongue cancers are more common in the Indian subcontinent and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among oral cavity cancers. Induction chemotherapy has been considered an intriguing and smart option for many reasons, but even after years of studies and debates, its role has not been fully established in the management of tongue cancers.
Materials and Methods In this study, we evaluated 17 patients with oral tongue carcinomas with locally advanced stage, enrolled into a protocol of three drug (docetaxel, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil) induction chemotherapy for three cycles. After completion of the three cycles, patients were clinically and radiologically re-evaluated and surgery was done if locally operable.
Results At the completion of three cycles, five patients were partial responders, four patients were complete responders, and five patients had progressive disease after three cycles. Those patients with response underwent surgery. There were no significant morbid intraoperative or postoperative complications observed in seven out of nine patients. At the end of treatment completion, five out of nine patients had tumor residue/high-risk features and were planned for adjuvant radiotherapy.
Conclusion For locally advanced oral tongue carcinomas, the role of induction chemotherapy before surgery has been fruitful and its impact on function preservation with acceptable oncological clearance is an emerging alternative. Spacing chemotherapy and radiotherapy reduce the incidence of adverse effects of combined treatment.
Clinical and Hemodynamic Factors Associated with Low Gradient Severe Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Soesanto Amiliana M. , Roeswita Dina , Atmosudigdo Indriwanto S. , Adiarto Suko , Sahara Elen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDiscrepancy between narrowed mitral valve area and transmitral gradient is not uncommon, suggesting the presence of low gradient (LG)-severe mitral stenosis (MS). Some clinical and hemodynamic factors are believed to associate with LG-severe MS. Transthoracic echocardiography reports were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate the association of all clinical and hemodynamic parameters with LG-severe MS. A 36% of total 322 patients was in the LG-severe MS group. In multivariate analysis, atrial fibrillation (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.60–16.71, odds ratio [OR] 8.77), net atrioventricular compliance > 4 mL/mm Hg (95% CI 3.96–14.25, OR 7.51), tricuspid regurgitation maximal velocity (TR Vmax) > 3.4 m/s (95% CI 0.13–0.48, OR 0.25), stroke volume index ≤ 35 mL/m2 (95% CI 1.49–6.25, OR 3.05), female gender (95% CI 1.30–5.33, OR 2.63), and severe tricuspid regurgitation (95% CI 1.04–5.50, OR 2.39) were found to be associated with LG-severe MS. Atrial fibrillation, net atrioventricular compliance, TR Vmax, stroke volume index, female gender, and severe TR were associated with low transmitral gradient in patients with severe MS.