bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioplastics innovation: commercialization strategies for polyethylene furanoate (PEF) and polyhydroxy alkanoates (PHA)
Authors: Kunamaneni Suneel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPlastics have become ubiquitous materials essential for modern life and sustaining the global economy. On the other hand, their dependence on dwindling fossil fuel sources and their durability has raised concerns about their sustainability. Biobased plastics, which include biodegradable plastics, appear to be an appealing solution, yet their uptake has been slow. This paper specifically looks at the commercialization challenges for two bioplastics: polyethylene furanoate (PEF) and polyhydroxy alkanoate (PHA), that have been claimed by the industry as potentially disruptive. The superior barrier, mechanical and thermal properties of PEF present a suitable competition to polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The versatility and marine biodegradability of PHAs have attracted interest from several potential adopters. However, the high production costs of both pose a serious commercialization challenge when considering the established production, supply chain and recycling infrastructure for fossil‐based plastics. This study illustrates how firms are mitigating technical and market uncertainties by strategies such as adding value to other products, utilizing existing industrial assets, balancing exploration of more efficient and sustainable production pathways with commercial exploitation, lowering transaction costs by utilizing existing knowledge base, by developing formulation capabilities and forward integrating into end consumer products, or by entering collaborative alliances. These strategies could inevitably overcome inertia posed by the current market structure for fossil‐based plastics. © 2022 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Outcomes of paclitaxel‐coated balloon angioplasty for in‐stent calcified nodule: An optical coherence tomography study
Authors: Masuda Hisaki , Kuramitsu Shoichi , Ito Tomoaki , Morofuji Toru , Domei Takenori , Hyodo Makoto , Shirai Shinichi , Ando Kenji 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundPaclitaxel‐coated balloon (PCB) angioplasty emerges as an effective therapeutic option for in‐stent restenosis (ISR). However, whether PCB angioplasty would be effective for in‐stent calcified nodule (ISCN) lesions remain fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and outcomes of ISCN in patients undergoing PCB angioplasty for ISR after second‐generation drug‐eluting stents (G2‐DES) implantation.MethodsThis study enrolled 179 lesions (160 patients) undergoing PCB angioplasty for G2‐DES restenosis with optical coherence tomography guidance. According to the presence of ISCN at the minimum lumen area, the lesions were divided into two groups: the ISCN (n = 16) and the non‐ISCN groups (n = 163). The primary study endpoint was the cumulative 3‐year incidence of target lesion failure (TLF; a composite of cardiac death, clinically driven target vessel revascularization, and definite stent thrombosis) on a lesion basis.ResultsISCN was observed in 16 of 179 lesions (8.9%). Cumulative 3‐year incidence of TLF was significantly higher in the ISCN group than in the non‐CN group (85.3% vs. 16.9%, inverse probability weighted hazard ratio [HR] 4.46, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 2.42–8.22, p < 0.001). Risk factors associated with TLF were ISCN (HR 4.55, 95% CI: 1.56–13.3, p = 0.005), recurrent ISR (HR 2.82, 95% CI: 1.50–3.30, p = 0.001), and early ISR (HR 2.18, 95% CI: 1.21–3.92, p = 0.009).ConclusionISCN was observed in 8.3% of G2‐DES restenosis. PCB angioplasty had little effect on ISCN lesions compared with non‐ISCN lesions, suggesting the need for careful clinical follow‐up of patients with ISCN lesions after PCB angioplasty.
Reactive template‐derived interfacial engineering of CoP/CoO heterostructured porous nanotubes towards superior electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Zhou Qixing , Sun Ruoxu , Ren Yiping , Tian Run , Yang Jun , Pang Huan , Huang Kai , Tian Xinlong , Xu Lin , Tang Yawen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe development of economical, efficient, and robust electrocatalysts toward the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is highly imperative for the rapid advancement of renewable H2 energy‐associated technologies. Extensive utilization of the heterointerface effect can endow the catalysts with remarkably boosted electrocatalytic performance due to the modified electronic state of active sites. Herein, we demonstrate deliberate crafting of CoP/CoO heterojunction porous nanotubes (abbreviated as CoP/CoO PNTs hereafter) using a self‐sacrificial template‐engaged strategy. Precise control over the Kirkendall diffusion process of the presynthesized cobalt–aspartic acid complex nanowires is indispensable for the formation of CoP/CoO heterostructures. The topochemical transformation strategy of the reactive templates enables uniform and maximized construction of CoP/CoO heterojunctions throughout all the porous nanotubes. The establishment of CoP/CoO heterojunctions could considerably modify the electronic configuration of the active sites and also improve the electric conductivity, which endows the resultant CoP/CoO PNTs with enhanced intrinsic activity. Simultaneously, the hollow and porous nanotube architectures allow sufficient accessibility of exterior/interior surfaces and molecular permeability, drastically promoting the reaction kinetics. Consequently, when used as HER electrocatalysts, the well‐designed CoP/CoO PNTs show Pt‐like activity, with an overpotential of only 61 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and excellent stability in 1.0 M KOH medium, exceeding those of the vast majority of the previously reported nonprecious candidates. Density functional theory calculations further substantiate that the construction of CoP/CoO heterojunctions enables optimization of the Gibbs free energies for water adsorption and H adsorption, resulting in boosted HER intrinsic activity. The present study may provide in‐depth insights into the fundamental mechanisms of heterojunction‐induced electronic regulation, which may pave the way for the rational design of advanced Earth‐abundant electrocatalysts in the future.
Fluidization Characteristics of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers
Authors: Leckner Bo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe fluidization in the furnace of circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers is described. Data have been obtained from a 12 MWth CFB boiler and from literature. The bottom bed is bubbling rather than fast or turbulently fluidized as is often assumed. There is an extended splash zone above this bed, in which particles are thrown up by the bubbles and fall back onto the bottom bed. Other particles are carried further into the transport zone, initially as a saturated gas flow, but some particles move into the wall layers and the density decays towards the exit. The density of the transport zone is low, and the circulation rate is relatively seen small. Therefore, this flow is in a state of dilute‐phase transport and not in the fast fluidization regime, such as is often claimed.
Sex‐specific risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis progression in a high‐risk population of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Cheng Qi , Zhou Dan , Wang Jiabin , Nie Zhiqiang , Feng Xiaoxuan , Huang Yuqing , Liang Qiaomin , Feng Yingqing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe progression of carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT) and plaques are associated with cardiovascular health, especially for high‐risk population of cardiovascular disease (CVD).HypothesisRisk factors for atherosclerosis may vary by sex. This study aimed to investigate the sex‐specific risk factors of cIMT and plaque progression.MethodsWe selected subjects who were identified as high‐risk population of CVD, and collected their carotid ultrasound data and baseline characteristics. Linear regression and logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for cIMT and plaque progression. Sex‐specific risk factors were identified respectively.ResultsA total of 7908 participants were included. The mean age was 57.75 ± 9.45 years and 61.51% were female. During mean follow‐up of 1.92 ± 0.89 years, the median annual cIMT change rate was −7.25 μm/year. Seven hundred and fifteen subjects free from plaques at baseline developed plaque. Age, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes were common risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis progression in all participants. Smoking and alcohol drinking were significantly associated with increased cIMT change in women, while hypertension and antihypertensive medication were significant in men. Increased total cholesterol and diabetes were significantly associated with new plaque presence in women, while smoking, increased triglyceride, and dyslipidemia were significant in men (p ˂ .05 for all cases). The association of baseline cIMT and smoking with annual cIMT change rate and increased total cholesterol with new plaque presence were significantly differentiated between both sexes (p for interaction ˂ .05).ConclusionsThe risk factors for cIMT and plaque progression differed by sex.
A Nanofiber‐embedded Microfluidic Platform for Studying Neurobiology
Authors: Lee Donghee , Shree Sharma Navatha , Shatil Shahriar S. M. , Yang Kai , Yan Zheng , Xie Jingwei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDue to their biomimetic properties, electrospun nanofibers have been widely used in neurobiology studies. However, mechanistic understanding of cell‐nanofiber interactions is challenging based on the current in vitro culture systems due to the lack of control of spatiotemporal patterning of cells and difficulty in monitoring single cell behavior. To overcome these issues, we apply microfluidic technology in combination with electrospun nanofibers for in vitro studies of interactions between neurons and nanofiber materials. We demonstrate a unique nanofiber embedded microfluidic device which contains patterned aligned or random electrospun nanofibers as a new culture system. With this device, we test how different topographies affect axonal growth. Also, we conduct laser based axotomy on neurons cultured on our device to investigate axonal regeneration. The proposed device could be a useful tool for investigating nerve injury mechanisms and high‐throughput screening of biomaterials or drugs for nerve repair. The knowledge obtained using this device can be applicable to design medical devices such as nerve conduits for effective nerve regeneration.
Cognitive behavioural therapy for women with infertility: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Guangpeng , Liu Xueyan , Lei Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has been used for women with infertility. However, the efficacy of CBT among the infertile female population remains inconclusive. We performed a systematic literature search using the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE (OVID), EMBASE (OVID), CINAHL, PsycINFO (OVID), Web of Science, and ProQuest databases from the inception to May 2022. The Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. Revman 5.4 was conducted for statistical analysis, and meta‐analyses were performed to calculate the pooled effects of CBT. Sixteen articles were finally included in the meta‐analysis. The results of the meta‐analysis revealed large, significant effects of cognitive‐behavioural interventions that can effectively reduce depression, anxiety symptoms, psychological distress, perceived stress, infertility‐specific stress, and improve the quality of life in women with infertility. However, the pooled MD using a fixed‐effects model was 0.25, 95% CI [−0.33, 0.84], P = 0.40, and no significant differences in BMI were observed among those who received CBT therapy compared with those who did not. CBT effectively alleviates depression, anxiety, psychological distress, and infertility‐specific stress levels and improves the quality of life among women with infertility. Future studies should explore the sustainability and long‐term effect of cognitive‐behavioural interventions in women with infertility.
Recovery from chronic depression and structural change: 5‐year outcomes after psychoanalytic and cognitive‐behavioural long‐term treatments (LAC depression study)
Authors: Beutel Manfred , Krakau Lina , Kaufhold Johannes , Bahrke Ulrich , Grabhorn Alexa , Hautzinger Martin , Fiedler Georg , Kallenbach‐Kaminski Lisa , Ernst Mareike , Rüger Bernhard , Leuzinger‐Bohleber Marianne 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivePsychotherapy of chronic depression has remained a challenge due to limited prognosis and high rates of recurrence. We present 5‐year outcome data from a multicentre trial comparing psychoanalytic (PAT) and cognitive‐behavioural (CBT) long‐term treatments with randomized and preferred allocations analysing symptom (N = 227) and structural change (N = 134) trajectories.MethodSelf‐ and blinded expert ratings of depression symptoms were performed at yearly intervals using the Beck Depression Inventory‐II (BDI‐II) and Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS‐C). Blinded expert ratings of Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD) and the Heidelberg Restructuring Scale (HRS) at baseline, 1, 3, and 5 years assessed structural change in a subsample.ResultsLasting and comparable symptom changes were achieved by PAT and CBT. However, compared to CBT, PAT was more successful in restructuring, a major goal of long‐term psychodynamic treatments with high frequency and duration.LimitationsDue to practical reasons, the time criterion for chronic depression of an acute phase had to be defined for over 1 year in the present study, which does not correspond to the DSM‐5 criterion of 2 years. Therapy duration and session frequency were not incorporated into the statistical models.ConclusionLong‐term psychotherapy helps patients with a yearlong history of depression and often multiple unsuccessful treatment attempts to achieve lasting symptom changes. Future follow‐up will clarify whether restructuring promotes further sustainable improvements.
Long non‐coding RNA VAL facilitates PKM2 enzymatic activity to promote glycolysis and malignancy of gastric cancer
Authors: Dai Ting , Zhang Xin , Zhou Xiang , Hu Xiaoxia , Huang Xiaodi , Xing Feiyue , Tian Han , Li Yun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundGastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, which leads to more than 10% of cancer‐related deaths. Metabolism reprogramming presents as a pivotal event in cancer initiation and progression through enhancing aerobic glycolysis and anabolic metabolism. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms in GC remain unknown.MethodsVAL was identified by bioinformatics analyses in GC. Cell‐based assays and mouse model illustrate the role of VAL in GC. RNA pull‐down, immunoprecipitation assay and Western blot elucidate the interaction between VAL and PKM2. Pyruvate kinase activity, ECAR and OCR were measured to validate aerobic glycolysis of GC cells.ResultsLong non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) VAL is significantly upregulated in GCs and indicates poor prognosis. Functional assays showed that VAL promotes GC malignant progression. Mechanistically, VAL strengthens the enzymatic activity of PKM2 and aerobic glycolysis of GC cells through directly binding with PKM2 to abrogate the PKM2–Parkin interaction, and to suppress Parkin‐induced polyubiquitination of PKM2. In addition, glucose starvation induces VAL expression to enhance this process.ConclusionsOur study provides an insight into an lncRNA‐dependent regulation on the enzymatic activity of PKM2, and suggests a potential of targeting VAL or PKM2 as promising biomarkers in GC diagnosis and treatment.
Allenyl Radicals in Organic Synthesis: Challenges and Recent Advances
Authors: Yu Yang , Zhang Jitang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAllenyl radicals are rarely employed as intermediates for the synthesis of allenes probably owe to the lack of convenient methods for their generation and the high reactivity of short‐lived allenyl radicals. However, strategies take advantage of allenyl radicals are considered as a significant complement to reactions which couldn't proceed via an allenyl ionic pathway. As a result, several important methods have been developed in the past decades. Herein, this review is aimed to summarize the recent advance in reactions involving allenyl radicals by highlighting some outstanding challenges and confirming potential areas of improvement, which would offer an inspiration for future studies
On the role of the architecture for spring discharge prediction with deep learning approaches
Authors: Zhou Renjie , Zhang Yanyan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUnderstanding karst spring flow is important to accommodate the increasing water demand caused by the population growth and manage the freshwater water resource effectively. However, due to the spatial and temporal heterogeneity and complex hydrological processes in karst systems, predicting karst spring discharge remains challenging. In this study, three deep learning‐based models, including long short‐term memory (LSTM), gated recurrent unit (GRU) and simple recurrent neural network (RNN), are framed with an encoder–decoder architecture to provide multiple‐step‐ahead spring discharge prediction. The encoder–decoder architecture includes an encoder that reads and encodes the input sequence into a vector and decoder that deciphers the vector and outputs the predicted sequence. Three hybrid models called LSTM‐ED, GRU‐ED and simple RNN‐ED are compared with single‐step models and multiple‐step models without the encoder–decoder architecture to investigate the role of the encoder–decoder architecture on multi‐step‐ahead prediction. The sensitivity of the selection of input time and lead time steps on the karst spring discharge prediction is evaluated. The predicted results are compared with the observed spring discharge. It implies that: (1) LSTM‐ED, GRU‐ED and RNN‐ED models obtain similar results on predicting karst spring discharge multiple time steps ahead; (2) three hybrid multiple‐step models outperform the single‐step models in making consistent and accurate spring discharge predictions; (3) the multiple‐step models framed with an encoder–decoder architecture obtain better spring discharge prediction results than the single‐step models and multiple‐step models without the encoder–decoder structure; (4) the LSTM‐ED, GRU‐ED and simple RNN‐ED models are sensitive to the selection of lead time and insensitive to the selection of input time step. A short lead time typically yields a more accurate spring discharge prediction.
Human health risk assessment of metals and metalloids in mining areas of the Northeast Andean foothills of the Ecuadorian Amazon
Authors: Galarza Emily , Moulatlet Gabriel M. , Rico Andreu , Cabrera Marcela , Pinos-Velez Veronica , Pérez-González Andrés , Capparelli Mariana V. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Gold mining (GM) is a major source of metals and metalloids in rivers, causing severe environmental pollution and increasing the exposure risks to the residents of surrounding areas. Mining in Ecuadorian Amazonia has dramatically increased in recent years, but its impacts on Indigenous local populations that make use of rivers are still unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the risks to adults and children caused by the exposure to metals and metalloids in freshwater ecosystems contaminated with tailings released by GM activities in 11 sites of the upper Napo River basin, Ecuador. We selected a carcinogenic and a noncarcinogenic risk assessment method to estimate the hazard index (HI) and total cancer risk (TCR). The concentration of Ag, Al, As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, B, and V in water and sediment samples was considered to assess the risks to human health. The calculated HI was 23–352 times greater than the acceptable limits in all sites for both children and adults. Mn and Fe were the main contributors (75% in water and 99% in sediment) to the total calculated risk based on the HI. The calculated TCR for children and adults exceeded approximately one to three times the permissible threshold in all sites. As and Pb contributed up to 93% of the total calculated risk based on TCR for both children and adults. This study demonstrates that the emission and mobilization of metals and metalloids caused by mining activities increase the risk to human health, to which we recommend further monitoring of freshwater contamination in the area and the implementation of preventive health management measures. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:706–716. © 2022 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Sources of copper into the European aquatic environment
Authors: Comber Sean , Deviller Genevieve , Wilson Iain , Peters Adam , Merrington Graham , Borrelli Pasquale , Baken Stijn 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Chemical contamination from point source discharges in developed (resource-rich) countries has been widely regulated and studied for decades; however, diffuse sources are largely unregulated and widespread. In the European Union (EU), large dischargers report releases of some chemicals, yet little is known of total emissions (point and diffuse) and their relative significance. We estimated copper loadings from all significant sources including industry, sewage treatment plants, surface runoff (from traffic, architecture, and atmospheric deposition), septic tanks, agriculture, mariculture, marine transport (antifoulant leaching), and natural processes. A combination of European datasets, literature, and industry data were used to generate export coefficients. These were then multiplied by activity rates to derive loads. A total of approximately 8 kt of copper per annum (ktpa) is estimated to enter freshwaters in the EU, and another 3.5 ktpa enters transitional and coastal waters. The main inputs to freshwater are natural processes (3.7 ktpa), agriculture (1.8 ktpa), and runoff (1.8 ktpa). Agricultural emissions are dominated by copper-based plant protection products and farmyard manure. Urban runoff is influenced by copper use in architecture and by vehicle brake linings. Antifoulant leaching from boats (3.2 ktpa) dominates saline water loads of copper. It is noteworthy that most of the emissions originate in a limited number of copper uses where environmental exposure and pathways exist, compared with the bulk of copper use within electrical and electronic equipment and infrastructure that has no environmental pathway during its use. A sensitivity analysis indicated significant uncertainty in data from abandoned mines and urban runoff load estimates. This study provided for the first time a methodology and comprehensive metal load apportionment to European aquatic systems, identifying data gaps and uncertainties, which may be refined over time. Source apportionments using this methodology can inform more cost-effective environmental risk assessment and management. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:1031–1047. © 2022 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).