bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and severity of tobacco use and access to tobacco cessation among tertiary care psychiatric in-patients in India
Authors: Badekar Amol , Rajalu Banu Manickam , Muliyala Krishna Prasad , Sharma Priyamvada , Chand Prabhat Kumar , Murthy Pratima 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Rates of smoking in persons with mental illness are reported to be two times higher than those without mental illness in developed countries. We aimed to examine the prevalence and severity of tobacco use, and access to tobacco cessation services among tertiary care psychiatric in-patients in India.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 500 consecutive adult in-patients in tertiary care with ICD 10 diagnoses, F20-59, were administered a sociodemographic and clinical proforma, Clinical Global Impression—Severity scale, Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, Tobacco Craving Questionnaire, Reasons for quitting questionnaire, and Smoke Scale—Adults. Urine cotinine levels were estimated in the last 100 patients. Details of tobacco use and cessation interventions provided were obtained.

Results:
Overall prevalence of current tobacco use was 34.00%; 34.3%, 32.6%, 43.6%, and 16.7% in patients of F20-29, F30-39, F40-49, and F50-59 categories, respectively. Males used tobacco products at a significantly higher rate (44.85% vs. 17.58% in females) and were highly dependent. Smokeless tobacco use was reported in 20.5% and 18% of female patients with F20-29 and F30-39 diagnoses, respectively. More than half of the tobacco users were not asked about tobacco use and 89.4% of the users were provided no prior assistance for cessation at the time of assessment. Urinary cotinine levels were significantly greater for those who use smokeless forms than smokers or dual users.

Conclusions:
Nearly a third of psychiatric in-patients are current users of tobacco. Moderate to severe tobacco dependence was observed across psychiatric diagnoses. The assessment and interventions provided were suboptimal.
Factors Influencing Nurses' Decision to Activate Critical Care Response Team
Authors: AlDhoon Mustafa Ibrahim , Lalithabai Diana Selvamony , AbuSahyoun Nizar 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Critical care response team (CCRT) intervenes quickly in life-threatening situations to reduce adverse outcomes and improve patient safety. Nurses play an essential role in CCRT activation. Despite clearly satisfied criteria, there have been instances where nurses have failed to activate CCRT.

Objective:
This study examined the factors that influence nurses' CCRT activation.

Methodology:
The proposed study was done in an acute health-care setting using a cross-sectional survey approach. The study participants included 206 nurses working in inpatient care units. Nursing staff in intensive care units, pediatric intensive care units, operating rooms, outpatient departments, and main emergency rooms were excluded from the study.

Results:
Moreover, half of the majority (54.4%) of the 206 responders are knowledgeable about CCRT activation. Nearly 83 (40.3%) choose not to activate CCRT due to fear of being chastised. Nurses were more reliant on physicians to trigger CCRT. The activation score significantly correlated with the nurse participants' job title and working unit.

Conclusions:
Nursing staff avoided using the CCRT for fear of being blamed despite having a positive impression. They are primarily reliant on physicians to initiate CCRT. In addition to education and training that engages all health-care workers, hospitals should empower nurses to reduce barriers and improve CCRT activation.
Awareness, Opinion, Attitude of Intensive Care Unit Specialists about the Ethical Guidelines for Dealing with Clinical Decisions Regarding the Allocation of Scarce Resources During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Al-Suwaidan Faisal A. , AlJarallah Jamal S. , Alyousefi Nada A , Hussein Ghaiath 
Published: November 2022

Background:
With the escalation of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, critical care specialists have been challenged by ethical issues related to the distribution of scarce resources. Many relevant guidelines have been published worldwide. The Saudi Critical Care Society included a local framework for ethics in its first clinical guidelines for clinical decisions regarding the allocation of scarce resources during the COVID-19 pandemic for COVID-19 patients in intensive care units (ICUs). This study aimed to assess the awareness, opinions, and attitudes of ICU specialists concerning these ethical guidelines and the proposed definitions.

Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted. The study population included 300 ICU physicians in Saudi Arabia who were members of the Saudi Critical Care Society.

Results:
A total of 70 participants (23.3%) responded to the questionnaire. Most were male, non-Saudi, and Muslim. Professionally, they were mostly intensivists with 10 or more years of experience. The most agreed-upon suggested definitions were “health crisis,” “salvageable patients” category, and the “necessity scale” (32; 45.7%, 37; 52.9%, 52; 74.3%, and 34; 48.6%, respectively). Less agreement was observed for the definitions of “de-escalation without omission” and “primary triage scale” (20; 28.6%, and 21; 3%, respectively). The most agreed-upon statements were those requiring healthcare providers to receive training on contagious diseases and calling for providing them with housing if a situation requires them to leave their homes (56; 80%), while the least agreed-upon statements concerned withholding mechanical ventilation from patients (29; 41.4%).

Conclusion:
During epidemics, health-care workers provide services in unusual, challenging situations. Doing so necessitates support in social, psychological, and professional areas. A decision-making framework is needed that endorses the cultural and religious contexts, as well as the lived experiences of frontline clinicians, including a clear de-escalation plan and a primary triage system during the pandemic.
Self-Efficacy, Demographic Characteristics and Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Management Employees in Public Organizations in Kenya
Authors: Rotich Richard 
Published: November 2022

Purpose: Government institutions through it employees play a vital role in steering and implementing government’s vision and policy for the benefit of the citizens. However, the work habits of many government employees to have failed to meet public expectations thus perennial complaints. Globally, Self-efficacy and Organizational Citizenship Behavior are concepts commonly researched and practiced among private sector organizations for better work performance. Although, these constructs have not received favorable consideration among public sector scholars and practitioners in the Africa, entrenching positive work behavior among employees for improved service delivery is universal and widely advocated for in the literature. It is a day today responsibility of managers, however studies have bestowed this role in the organization in general rather than the actual drivers of positive work behavior. The purpose of this study was to examine whether self-efficacy and the demographic characteristics of senior public officers influence their engagement in citizenship behaviors.
Methodology: Guided by social exchange theory and social cognitive theory, the study adopted a cross sectional quantitative survey design. Target population was the middle level employees in public service in Kenya. Data was collected using questionnaires, (N=389) determined by stratified sampling procedure and analyzed to derive descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS computer software. From the multiple regression model (1), R2 = 0.042 showing that demographic characteristics accounted for 4.2% variation in OCB, while model (2) shows R2 =0.17 indicating that Self-efficacy accounted for 17.1% of OCB. Self-efficacy had significant relationship with Organizational citizenship behavior (β1= 0.362, p<0.05). Age had a positive significant relationship (β= .204, p<0.05) with OCB. Tenure was found to relate negatively with OCB (β= -.183 (p<.05).
Findings: The findings showed that Self-efficacy and age were strong determinant of OCB, thus the higher the employees’ age and psychological and emotional self-belief the higher their tendency to exhibit extra role behavior at the work place. Employee’s practice of discretionary behaviour to help colleagues solve organizational or personal problems is not just a matter of chance but a fully conscious decision informed of ones’ personal characteristics.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study affirmed the applicability of the social exchange and social cognitive theories among public sector workers. As such, managers in public institutions should strive to identify, promote and nurture employee’s personal traits that contribute to practice of positive work behaviours like citizenship behaviour at the work place in their endeavor to improve public service delivery.
Impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) On the Curriculum Upgradation and Career Aspiration of Students
Authors: MANZOOR BHAT RASHID 
Published: November 2022

IT encompasses a wide range of functionalities, including communication, processing, reservations, and multimedia. Information and communication technology (ICT) or information technology and communication (ITC) refers to the primary role that communication networks perform. Modern educational systems make extensive use of ICT (information and communication technology). Because of its adaptability and the potential to foster connections among students, ICT plays a significant role in advancing academic understanding. Student interest and attitude toward their future profession or occupation is linked to their aim for a specific vocation. For students, career desire is a combination of the ability to identify and create objectives for the future, as well as to be inspired in the present toward those goals. Indigenous students are looking at a variety of options for their futures in the digital era. In the ICT industry, new technologies are continually being launched. Social Network Manager, IT Architect, Knowledge Management and Web Specialist are just few of the new ICT roles created by new technology. There are still existing job titles like "Systems Analyst," "Project Manager," and "Programmer."
What is known about the types of supports used by culturally and linguistically diverse students and their professional placement educators that facilitate successful learning experiences: A scoping review
Authors: Pearson Anne , Hill Anne E , Attrill Stacie , Copley Jodie 
Published: November 2022

Purpose: Students from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds can find professional placements challenging. This review aimed to identify evidence regarding how professional placement educators successfully support CALD students during professional placements and to identify research gaps in this area. Methods: Literature searches were conducted in CINAHL, ERIC, SCOPUS, PubMed, PsychNet, Emerald Insight, IEEE and ABI Inform Global databases from 1990 to October 2020 and reference lists of identified papers were also scanned. Data analysis occurred through quantitative (frequency of methodology types) and qualitative analysis methods. This review included a consultation phase with professional placement educators and managers. Results: A total of 109 papers were selected for review. The majority of papers investigated the perceptions of CALD students and placement educators with some papers focussing on support programs undertaken prior to or during placement. Conclusion: It is evident that many gaps exist in the literature regarding the supports placement educators and CALD students use during professional placements. Where programs have been described, they have not measured outcomes robustly. Furthermore, where papers have reported supports, they were often not sufficiently reported to facilitate implementation or replication. Further research is warranted to fully understand how CALD students are successfully supported on placement.
Excuses uit het hart
Authors: Veraart Wouter 
Published: November 2022

Apologies from the heart – Some reflections on national apologies for the colonial slavery past
This contribution pays attention to the relevance and form of national apologies for colonial slavery. The focus is on the legal-political meaning of apologies: how can apologies actually contribute to the recognition of legal injustice from the past? It will be argued that apologies in which colonial slavery is declared a criminal form of injustice (a crime against humanity) repeals its historical legal validity. In doing so, the enslaved will posthumously obtain the legal recognition they deserve as persons in their own right. Next, the formal side of national apologies is discussed: should they indeed take the form of statutory law, as recommended by the Dutch Advisory Committee on the History of Slavery? What exactly happens if national apologies are accompanied by a ‘disclaimer’, ruling out in advance any legal liability that might result from the apology? It is argued that the legal form recommended for this purpose by the Advisory Committee would merit reconsideration if national apologies for the slavery past come ‘from the heart’. The recommendation that those legal apologies be provided with a ‘disclaimer’ should be critically examined, because apologies for legal injustice that involve new forms of exclusion are highly problematic.
Erkenning van het koloniale verleden onder Nederlanders en de bereidheid tot herstel
Authors: Zebel Sven 
Published: November 2022

Recognition of a negative colonial past among the Dutch and the willingness to repair – The role of identification with Dutch people
It can be argued that for a widely shared way of handling and doing justice to the Dutch colonial past and the harm it has caused, not only (representatives of) Dutch institutions, but also the Dutch population should show greater accountability for this history. In this article, the author focus on the psychological phenomenon of identification with the own group (here the Dutch national group), and how this impacts current group members’ acknowledgment of past wrongdoings. In particular, and largely based on studies conducted for his dissertation, as well as more recent work, he elaborate on the influence group identification can have on feelings of guilt for the group’s harm doing during the colonial past, and how such feelings of guilt can motivate current group members to support restorative actions such as apologies and increasing awareness in the Netherlands for the negative colonial past. The research discussed in this article firstly shows that on average, current Dutch people do not tend to express strong feelings of guilt for their nation’s colonial history. That said, there are subgroups of Dutch people who may report stronger feelings of guilt, depending on their degree of group identification. The author argues and substantiates based on the studies conducted that a high group identification is unlikely to predict strong feelings of guilt, because people high in identification are more motivated to maintain and protect their positive view of their own group – which forms an important part of their identity. They therefore employ defensive strategies to downplay the historical misdeeds for current Dutch people. Perhaps counterintuitively then, those who are less invested in the own group and do not identify as strongly (‘lower identifiers’), are most likely to express strong feelings of guilt for the colonial misdeeds and support restorative actions also more. The author concludes this article by discussing studies that indicate under which circumstances higher identifiers may also come to feel strong feelings of guilt and associated restorative intentions – the key ingredient of such circumstances is, he argues, that it provides higher identifiers the opportunity to show their group’s strong morality when expressing guilt. Finally, he relativizes the beneficial contribution feelings of guilt can have for group relations: it may contribute to reparation of colonial harm doing, but other studies have indicated that this emotion is less fit to motivate people to combat structural and ongoing inequality between groups with a shared colonial past.
Online Learning as an Alternative Learning Modality in Ecuador’s Education Institutions Amidst Crises and Outbreaks: A SWOT Analysis
Authors: Rochina-Chisag Ángel Geovanny , Tabuena Almighty Cortezo 
Published: November 2022

The primary objective of this paper is to analyse the weaknesses, threats, strengths, and opportunities (SWOT matrix analysis) of online teaching and learning in educational institutions (primary, secondary, and higher education) in Ecuador during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative study of the descriptive documentary type was conducted, where the information obtained from virtual education in times of crisis and outbreaks was collected and analysed. It was found that educational centers at different levels of schooling still continued to use traditional teaching methods and processes subject to old procedures as a basis for their incursion into virtuality, although other establishments began to handle combined modalities such as blended and hybrid online (e-learning) modes of learning. In conclusion, the deadly coronavirus disease (SARS-COV-2) abruptly halted much human activity worldwide. This forced hesitant educational systems that still used traditional face-to-face teaching methods in classrooms to move and change to online learning in many regions, regardless of the socioeconomic level and demographics of the students. Aside from determining how to deal with the problems and challenges of virtual education during epidemics and natural disasters, it is clear that the number of technology-driven educational start-ups has increased significantly.
New and Emerging Disease Threats to Forest Plantations in Sarawak Borneo, Malaysia
Authors: Ambrose Annya , Liam Jack , Terhem Razak 
Published: November 2022

The planted forest area in Sarawak is the largest planted forest in Malaysia, which has been developed since 1997 to sustain the decline in the production of natural forests. As of December 2021, the total area of plantation forests reached 551,704 hectares (ha), dominated by fast-growing exotic species mainly Acacia species (55%), Falcataria moluccana (15%) and Eucalyptus (14%). The study showed Acacia was infected with red root rot disease of Ganoderma philippii and brown root rot of Phellinus noxius, Ceratocystis wilt disease caused by Ceratocystis. fimbriata sensu stricto (s.s) complex and pink disease caused by Erythricium salmonicolor, while F. moluccana was infected by gall disease namely Uromycladium falcatarium. Eucalyptus pellita diseases were infected namely by G. philippii red root rot disease, stem canker disease caused by Botryosphaeriaceae pathogen and bacterial wild disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Ceratocystis wilt disease of Acacia mangium shows disease incidence (DI) accounted at 68% (serious) as compared with other diseases observed in this study. This will be the first baseline study that is conducted to observe and assess the diversity of the present, new and emerging pathogens and the damage they cause to exotic planted species of Sarawak.
Physical Volcanology and Facies Analysis of Silicic Lavas: Monte Amiata Volcano (Italy)
Authors: Vezzoli Luigina , Principe Claudia , Giordano Daniele , La Felice Sonia , Landi Patrizia 
Published: November 2022

Monte Amiata (Italy) is a middle Pleistocene silicic volcano characterized by the extrusion of extensive (5–8 km long and 60 m thick on average) sheet-like lava flows (SLLFs). It is one of the prime volcanoes that have been involved in the volcanological debate on the genetic interpretation of large silicic flows. We performed integrated stratigraphic, volcanological, and structural field survey and petrochemical study of Monte Amiata SLLFs to describe their volcanic facies characteristics and to elucidate their eruptive and emplacement processes. Individual flow units exhibit basal autoclastic breccia beds or shear zones, frontal ramp structures, massive cores with subvertical cooling columnar jointing, coherent non-vesicular upper parts, and plain surfaces with pressure ridges. Internal shear-bedding and crystals and vesicles lineations define planar to twisted and straightened outflow layering. The absence of fragmental textures, both at micro- and macro-scale, supports the effusive nature for the SLLFs. The most common lithology is a vitrophyric trachydacite of whitish to light-gray color, showing a homogeneous porphyritic texture of K-feldspar, plagioclase, pyroxene, and biotite, in a glassy perlitic or microcrystalline poorly vesicular groundmass. Morphological features, facies characteristics, internal structure, and petrographic textures of these silicic sheet-like and long-lasting flows suggest that their effusive emplacement was governed by peculiar physicochemical and structural conditions.
Obesity and Breast Cancer
Authors: Şişik Abdullah , Erdem Hasan , Said Dalkılıç Muhammed , Gençtürk Mehmet , Yılmaz Merih , Sözen Selim 
Published: November 2022

Obesity is associated with a higher risk of chronic diseases. Breast cancer is one of the malignancies, which has been related to obesity. Patients with a BMI more than 35 kg/m2 had an 86% greater risk of having breast cancer than those with a normal BMI. Every 5 kg/m2 rise in BMI has also been demonstrated to increase the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. Obese people have poorer outcomes in terms of lymph node positivity, disease-free survival, and overall survival, according to research. Leptin, whose circulating levels rise in proportion to BMI and body fat reserves, is usually regarded as the primary driver of the intricate web that connects obesity and breast cancer. The number of studies examining the association between leptin activity and breast cancer genesis and behavior is growing. The effectiveness of bariatric surgery on lessening the risk of developing breast cancer has been proven.
Perbandingan Kadar Fenolik Total Antara Seduhan Daun Tin ( Ficuc crica L.) dan Teh Kombucha Daun Tin (Ficuc carica L.)
Authors: Karsidin Bambang , . Subagja , Alfarizi Revaldi Alfarizi 
Published: November 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang Perbandingan Kadar Fenolik Total Antara Seduhan Daun Tin (Ficus carica L.) Dan Teh Kombucha Daun Tin (Ficus carica L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kadar fenolik total antara seduhan daun tin (Ficus carica L.) dan teh kombucha daun tin (Ficus carica L.).
Tanaman tin (Ficus carica L.) merupakan tanaman yang berasal dari Asia Barat dan merupakan spesies dari kawasan Mediterania. Tanaman tin merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan karena mengandung metabolit sekunder di seluruh bagian tanamannya seperti pada bagian daun. Daun tin (Ficus carica L.) mengandung senyawa fenolik dan senyawa metabolit sekunder lainnya seperti flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin. Kadar senyawa fenolik dapat dianalisa menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Visible. Penentuan kadar fenolik total menggunakan metode Folin-Ciocalteu dengan standar asam galat dan dinyatakan dalam mg ekivalen asam galat (GAE) per gram simplisia.
Hasil analisis pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa seduhan daun tin memiliki kadar fenolik total sebesar 126,3 mg GAE/g, dan kadar fenolik total teh kombucha daun tin sebesar 227,7 mg GAE/g.
Maka kesimpulan yang diperoleh bahwa perbandingan kadar fenolik total pada seduhan daun tin berbanding teh kombucha daun tin adalah 0,5 : 1.