bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CROWN ROOTLESS1 binds DNA with a relaxed specificity and activates OsROP and OsbHLH044 genes involved in crown root formation in rice
Authors: Gonin Mathieu , Jeong Kwanho , Coudert Yoan , Lavarenne Jeremy , Hoang Giang Thi , Bes Martine , To Huong Thi Mai , Thiaw Marie‐Rose Ndella , Do Toan Van , Moukouanga Daniel , Guyomarc'h Soazig , Bellande Kevin , Brossier Jean‐Rémy , Parizot Boris , Nguyen Hieu Trang , Beeckman Tom , Bergougnoux Véronique , Rouster Jacques , Sallaud Christophe , Laplaze Laurent , Champion Antony , Gantet Pascal 
Published: May 2022

SUMMARYIn cereals, the root system is mainly composed of post‐embryonic shoot‐borne roots, named crown roots. The CROWN ROOTLESS1 (CRL1) transcription factor, belonging to the ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2‐LIKE/LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN (ASL/LBD) family, is a key regulator of crown root initiation in rice (Oryza sativa). Here, we show that CRL1 can bind, both in vitro and in vivo, not only the LBD‐box, a DNA sequence recognized by several ASL/LBD transcription factors, but also another not previously identified DNA motif that was named CRL1‐box. Using rice protoplast transient transactivation assays and a set of previously identified CRL1‐regulated genes, we confirm that CRL1 transactivates these genes if they possess at least a CRL1‐box or an LBD‐box in their promoters. In planta, ChIP‐qPCR experiments targeting two of these genes that include both a CRL1‐ and an LBD‐box in their promoter show that CRL1 binds preferentially to the LBD‐box in these promoter contexts. CRISPR/Cas9‐targeted mutation of these two CRL1‐regulated genes, which encode a plant Rho GTPase (OsROP) and a basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor (OsbHLH044), show that both promote crown root development. Finally, we show that OsbHLH044 represses a regulatory module, uncovering how CRL1 regulates specific processes during crown root formation.
A Conversation with Nora de Izcue: Runan Caycu, New Latin American Cinema, and the Peruvian Documentary Tradition
Authors: Mladic Janney Christine , de Izcue Nora 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTThis dialogue features the Peruvian filmmaker Nora de Izcue, paying particular attention to her early documentary Runan Caycu, the impact it had on her own trajectory as a director, and the role it played in connecting her with the New Latin American Cinema movement. De Izcue has not only contributed to the Peruvian documentary tradition through her groundbreaking films and filmmaking process, but has also been instrumental in promoting social justice filmmaking throughout Latin America. This article expands international awareness of De Izcue's work, opening new pathways for engagement and analysis.
Accuracy of the IDEXX SediVue Dx analyzer for quantifying RBC and WBC indices in the urine sediments of cats and dogs compared with manual microscopic evaluations
Authors: Blanco Anthony E. , Heseltine Johanna C. , Hernandez Annalisa M. , Bilbrough Graham E. A. , DeNicola Dennis B. , Myrick Celine , Edwards Suzanne , Hammond Jeremy M. , Myers Alexandra N. , Nabity Mary B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe IDEXX SediVue Dx (SediVue) is an automated, in‐clinic urine sediment analyzer for veterinary patients. The bias between the results from manual microscopy and the SediVue is currently unknown.ObjectivesTo assess the diagnostic accuracy of the SediVue, we aimed to determine the bias between the SediVue (index test) and manual microscopy (reference standard) for the quantification of RBCs and WBCs in urine.MethodsUrine remnant samples were collected from cats and dogs that contained RBCs (n = 462) and WBCs (n = 510). Retrospective analysis of results from urine sediment examinations using both manual microscopy (using a KOVA and DeciSlide system) and the SediVue (1.0.1.3) was performed. Bias was determined with Bland‐Altman plots. SediVue‐captured images from high‐bias samples were reviewed, and biases were compared.ResultsThe median bias for semi‐quantitative RBC and WBC counts was determined for RBC and WBC counts. The cutoffs were RBC ≤ 5/HPF, 0.3; RBC 5.1‐10/HPF, 10.1; RBC 10.1‐20/HPF, 10.6; and RBC > 20/HPF, 28.93; WBC ≤ 5/HPF, 0.1; WBC 5.1‐10/HPF, 2.2; WBC 10.1‐20/HPF, 9.4; and WBC > 20/HPF, 26.6. High bias between the methods was identified in 98 samples (21.0%) with RBCs and 77 samples (15.7%) with WBCs. Reviewer‐based enumeration of the SediVue‐captured images decreased the percentage of samples with high bias to 17.3% for RBCs and to 11.4% for WBCs.ConclusionsBias in the RBC and WBC counts between manual microscopy and the SediVue was unlikely to impact clinical interpretations in a majority of cases. Although reviewer enumeration of SediVue‐captured images reduced observed bias, inherent differences between methodologies appeared to have a larger impact on the bias.
Power-law holographic dark energy and cosmology
Authors: Telali Eirini C. , Saridakis Emmanuel N. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe formulate power-law holographic dark energy, which is a modified holographic dark energy model based on the extended entropy relation arising from the consideration of state mixing between the ground and the excited ones in the calculation of the entanglement entropy. We construct two cases of the scenario, imposing the usual future event horizon choice, as well as the Hubble one. Thus, the former model is a one-parameter extension of standard holographic dark energy, recovering it in the limit where power-law extended entropy recovers Bekenstein–Hawking one, while the latter belongs to the class of running vacuum models, a feature that may reveal the connection between holography and the renormalization group running. For both models we extract the differential equation that determines the evolution of the dark-energy density parameter and we provide the expression for the corresponding equation-of-state parameter. We find that the scenario can describe the sequence of epochs in the Universe evolution, namely the domination of matter followed by the domination of dark energy. Moreover, the dark-energy equation of state presents a rich behavior, lying in the quintessence regime or passing into the phantom one too, depending on the values of the two model parameters, a behavior that is richer than the one of standard holographic dark energy.
Scrambling time for analogue black holes embedded in AdS space
Authors: Wang Qing-Bing , Yu Ming-Hui , Ge Xian-Hui 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe propose a gedanken experiment on realizing thermofield double state (TFD) by using analog black holes and provide an approach to test the scrambling time. Through this approach, we demonstrate clearly how shock wave changes the TFD state as time evolves. As the whole system evolves forward in time, the perturbation of space-time geometry will increase exponentially. Finally, it will destroy the entanglement between the two states of the thermal field, and the mutual information between them is reduced to zero in the time scale of scrambling. The results show that for perturbations of analogue black holes embedded in AdS space, the scale of the scrambling time is closely related to the logarithm of entropy of the black hole. The results provide further theoretical argument for the scrambling time, which can be further falsified in experiments.
Keyword expansion techniques for mining social movement data on social media
Authors: Bozarth Lia , Budak Ceren 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPolitical and social scientists have been relying extensively on keywords such as hashtags to mine social movement data from social media sites, particularly Twitter. Yet, prior work demonstrates that unrepresentative keyword sets can lead to flawed research conclusions. Numerous keyword expansion methods have been proposed to increase the comprehensiveness of keywords, but systematic evaluations of these methods have been lacking. Our paper fills this gap. We evaluate five diverse keyword expansion techniques (or pipelines) on five representative social movements across two distinct activity levels. Our results guide researchers who aim to use social media keyword searches to mine data. For instance, we show that word embedding-based methods significantly outperform other even more complex and newer approaches when movements are in normal activity periods. These methods are also less computationally intensive. More importantly, we also observe that no single pipeline can identify little more than half of all movement-related tweets when these movements are at their peak mobilization period offline. However, coverage can increase significantly when more than one pipeline is used. This is true even when the pipelines are selected at random.
The penumbra of open source: projects outside of centralized platforms are longer maintained, more academic and more collaborative
Authors: Trujillo Milo Z. , Hébert-Dufresne Laurent , Bagrow James 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGitHub has become the central online platform for much of open source, hosting most open source code repositories. With this popularity, the public digital traces of GitHub are now a valuable means to study teamwork and collaboration. In many ways, however, GitHub is a convenience sample, and may not be representative of open source development off the platform. Here we develop a novel, extensive sample of public open source project repositories outside of centralized platforms. We characterized these projects along a number of dimensions, and compare to a time-matched sample of corresponding GitHub projects. Our sample projects tend to have more collaborators, are maintained for longer periods, and tend to be more focused on academic and scientific problems.
Digital image analysis on cathodoluminescence microscopy images for ancient ceramic classification: methods, applications, and perspectives
Authors: Odelli E. , Volpintesta F. , Raneri S. , Lefrais Y. , Beconcini D. , Palleschi V. , Chapoulie R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper aims to investigate the application of cathodoluminescence (CL) imagery (with optical microscopy) and CL spectroscopy (with Scanning Electron Microscope) in ancient ceramics studies, for a proper classification of petro-fabrics and mineral inclusions based on their CL response. Digital image analysis (DIA) routines are proposed for both qualitative and quantitative analysis, and outcomes are reviewed in the light of classical optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM–EDS) approaches. Obtained results demonstrated the suitability of CL in discriminating ceramic groups, offering also complementary information connected with aspects as provenance or manufacturing processes. CL imagery and spectroscopy data are also used to discuss perspectives of the method, debating bias, limits, or suspicious inconsistencies, exploring how compositional features or sample’s nature imprint CL response, and finally providing the basis for future developments. Addendum at the back of the paper includes and extensively discusses some technical aspects regarding the applied DIA routines, developed in open-sources software environments and available as supplementary materials.
Acute Appendicitis During The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicenter, Retrospective Analysis From The US Epicenter
Authors: Tamirian Richard , Klein Michael , Chui Patricia , Park Julia , Frangos Spiros , Shah Paresh , Malino Cris M.K. 
Published: May 2022

Background Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most common surgical emergency, with a relatively stable yearly incidence. During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, as New York City (NYC) emerged as the US epicenter, hospitals saw a marked reduction in patients presenting with non-COVID-related diseases. The objective of this study was to characterize the effects of the pandemic on the incidence, presentation, and management of AA. Methods A retrospective analysis of patients with AA who presented to two academic medical centers during the NYC COVID peak (March 22nd-May 31st, 2020) was performed. This group was compared to a control cohort presenting during the same period in 2019. Primary outcomes included the incidence of AA, complicated disease, and management. Secondary outcomes included duration of symptoms, hospital length of stay, and complication rates. Statistical analyses were performed using Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, and Fisher’s exact tests. Results A 49.1% reduction in the incidence of AA was seen between 2019 (n = 114) and 2020 (n = 58). Median duration of symptoms doubled from 1 day in 2019 to 2 days in 2020 ( P < .02). Proportionally, the incidence of complicated appendicitis rose from 19.3% to 41.4% ( P < .005). 32.4% of patients with uncomplicated AA underwent non-operative management in 2020, compared to 12% in 2019 ( P < .02). Hospital length of stay and complication rates were similar between years. Discussion Significantly fewer AA patients presented during the initial phase of the pandemic. Patients presented later, which may have contributed to a higher proportion of complicated disease. Surgeons were also more likely to treat uncomplicated AA nonoperatively than they were prior. Further research is needed to understand the long-term consequences of these changes.
Modeling of the creep behavior of epoxy/yerba-mate residue composites
Authors: Motta Neves Roberta , Fischer Kerche Eduardo , Maciel Monticeli Francisco , Luiz Heitor 
Published: May 2022

This work presents the short-term creep behavior of novel epoxy composites reinforced by post-consumed yerba-mate (YM). Particulate composites were manufactured using 5, 10, and 20 wt.% of YM. The composite morphologies were related to the dynamic mechanical and creep behavior at the glassy state (∼30°C). Creep tests were performed using three different stress loads (1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 MPa). Weibull model, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were used to fit the experimental curves and to predict results. A better fit was obtained using the ANN approach than the Weibull model due to the capability of ANN to learn from own data and in fitting complex nonlinear data. The RSM approach proved to be an intelligent and reliable technique to access a higher range of results, reducing experimental time and cost and keeping statistical significance. Also, the present methodology can be extended to model and predict other properties and/or optimize parameters.
Prevalence, Beliefs, and the Practice of the Use of Herbal and Dietary Supplements Among Adults in Saudi Arabia: An Observational Study
Authors: Syed Wajid , Samarkandi Osama A. , Sadoun Ahmed Al , Bashatah Adel S. , Al-Rawi Mahmood Basil A. , Alharbi Mohammad K. 
Published: May 2022

Background and Aim: Alternative treatments for respiratory disorders attempt to prevent or relieve symptoms and enhance functions. Furthermore, substantial evidence shows that several herbal medicines have been clinically effective against respiratory disorders. Thus this study assesses the Saudi students’ use, beliefs, and practices related to herbal and dietary supplements for the possible prevention of respiratory infections. Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was designed using Google Forms to collect the data from the healthcare and non-healthcare students currently pursuing their courses at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The data was collected over 4 months, from November 2021 to February 2022, using convenience sampling with a 25-item questionnaire. A statistical package for social sciences, SPSS 26, was used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 274 participants responded to the study. The mean age of the respondents was 21.9 ± 3.08 (mean (SD)). The prevalence of herbal medicine (HM) was found to be 62.7% (n = 172). Around 48.5% (n = 133) of the respondents occasionally used some form of HM during the period of an illness associated with a respiratory infection. About 66% of the respondents agreed that using HMs prevents or controls respiratory symptoms and strengthens immunity. A majority (75.2%) of the respondents agreed that ginger extract possesses antiviral and immunity-boosting properties, followed by garlic extract (59.5%), cinnamon (39.4%), and lemongrass (38.3%). In addition, between 37% and 45.6% of the respondents agreed that vitamin C and vitamin D intake helps in boosting immunity and reducing the likelihood of developing respiratory infections. The overall mean of the positive beliefs and practice score was 9.6 (range 0-14). The mean positive beliefs and practice scores were significantly higher for males (11.4 ± 3.2) compared to females (8.6 ± 3.6) (P < .001). The numbers were not significantly different regardless of the source of information (9.6 ± 3.5), respondents being in health colleges (8.9 ± 4.1) or non-health colleges (9.8 ± 3.7), them being previously or currently infected (9.7 ± 3.8), the absence of infection (9.7 ± 3.8), or the respondents possessing a history of chronic diseases (10.5 ± 3.9) or not (9.5 ± 3.7) (P > .05). Conclusions: This study found a relatively high prevalence of herbal and dietary supplements’ use, positive beliefs, and practices to strengthen one’s immunity against respiratory symptoms.
Nasoseptal flap and rigid reconstruction in endoscopic endonasal skull base surgeries: The longitudinal experience of a single center
Authors: Alshareef Mohammad , Alroqi Ahmad , Albaharna Hussain , Alsayed Ahmed , Alromaih Saud , Alrasheed Abdulaziz S , Ajlan Abdulrazag , Alsaleh Saad 
Published: May 2022

Background Recently, endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEA) have been used for skull base defect reconstruction surgeries. The nasoseptal flap (NSF), a vascular pedicled flap, was introduced to decrease postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. Purposes This study aimed to outline the authors’ institutional experience using NSF and rigid implants in anterior skull base defect reconstruction surgeries following EEA. Design A retrospective cohort review of patients who underwent NSF reconstruction following EEA in the Otorhinolaryngology and Neurosurgery Departments at King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from January 2015 to May 2021, divided into 2 time periods according to the reconstruction technique. Result Out of the 106 patients who underwent EEA, 77 underwent NSF reconstruction. The majority had expanded EEA (94.8%). The mean age was 40.21 ± 17.7 years, and the female gender represented 61% of the sample. More than half of the sample underwent right NSF (57.1%). Meningioma was the most common diagnosis (45.5%). The clivus was the most frequent site of lesions (23.4%). The overall rate of postoperative CSF leakage and lumbar drainage (LD) insertion was 15.6% and 51.9%, respectively. The duration of LD was a median of four days. The overall failure rate was 13%, declining from 20% in the first period to 5.4% in the second period. Rigid implants were used significantly more in the first period than in the second period (67.5% versus 16.2%, P < 0.001). Meningitis, the highest postoperative complication, was reported in 6 patients (7.8%). One patient died three weeks postoperatively after massive nasal bleeding. No significant difference was found between either side of the NFS regarding the CSF leakage and failure rate. Conclusion In the authors’ experience, there has been an overt decline in failure rates and complications of EEA over the last three years due to increased experience among surgeons and a standardization of reconstruction techniques. Minimal reconstruction may provide satisfactory results by decreasing the use of rigid implants. An endoscopic endonasal approach with an NSF for anterior skull base defect reconstruction is considered a safe procedure with no significant difference between the sides of the flap.
Dismantle, Change, Build: Lessons for Growing Abolition in Teacher Education
Authors: Sabati Sheeva , Pour-Khorshid Farima , Meiners Erica R. , Hernandez Chrissy A. Z. 
Published: May 2022

Background/Context: Although the uprisings in the summer of 2020 amplified existing abolitionist organizing, including abolitionist struggles for justice within K–12 schools, it is unclear if the field of teacher education has been informed by these movements. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study: Given this gap, as well as the ongoing urgency to dismantle the interconnected structures of White supremacy, settler colonialism, anti-Blackness, racial capitalism, and cis-heteropatriarchy within the field of teacher education, this article calls on teacher education programs and teacher educators to grow abolition within the field. Research Design: We situate abolition broadly and demonstrate the connections between abolition and struggles for justice in K–12 education. We draw on stories and lessons from our own work as educators and organizers to situate what must be dismantled, changed, and built to grow abolition within the field of teacher education. Conclusions/Recommendations: We call on teacher education programs and teacher educators to begin the reflexive, relational, embodied, imaginative, coalitional, urgent, and necessary work of growing abolition within the field of teacher education.
Medical communication and decision-making about assisted hydration in the last days of life: A qualitative study of doctors experienced with end of life care
Authors: Kingdon Arjun , Spathis Anna , Antunes Bárbara , Barclay Stephen 
Published: May 2022

Background: The impact of assisted hydration on symptoms and survival at the end of life is unclear. Little is known about optimal strategies for communicating and decision-making about this ethically complex topic. Hydration near end of life is known to be an important topic for family members, but conversations about assisted hydration occur infrequently despite guidance suggesting these should occur with all dying people. Aim: To explore the views and experiences of doctors experienced in end-of-life care regarding communicating with patients and families and making decisions about assisted hydration at the end of life. Design: Qualitative study involving framework analysis of data from semi-structured interviews. Setting/participants: Sixteen UK-based Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine doctors were recruited from hospitals, hospices and community services from October 2019 to October 2020. Results: Participants reported clinical, practical and ethical challenges associated with this topic. The hospital setting provides barriers to high-quality communication with dying patients and their families about assisted hydration, which may contribute to the low incidence of documented assisted hydration-related conversations. Workplace culture in some hospices may make truly individualised decision-making about this topic more difficult. Lack of inclusion of patients in decision-making about assisted hydration appears to be common practice. Conclusions: Proactive, routine discussion with dying people about hydration-related issues is indicated in all cases. There is room for debate regarding the limits of shared decision-making and the benefits of routine discussion of assisted hydration with all dying people. Clinicians have to navigate multiple barriers as they strive to provide individualised care.