bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chiropractic – Valued Healthcare for those Living with Disadvantage
Authors: Marthick-Hone Dan Michael , Doyle Aunty Kerrie , Kennedy Gerard A , Vindigni Dein , Polus Barbara I 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Chiropractic is a mostly privatised health profession within Australia, with people experiencing disadvantage typically having limited access due to financial barriers. However, some universities within Australia offer community outreach clinics where students provide chiropractic care to people living with disadvantage. This demographic experiences higher rates of chronic conditions including musculoskeletal complaints and requires subsidisation to access privatised care. This need also offers opportunity for the chiropractic profession to work within community healthcare teams. A mixed-methods observational study was used to investigate how the unique setting of a student chiropractic community clinic may influence the experience and outcomes of those who attend. Methods: Three patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) investigated client outcomes: Measure Yourself Medical Outcome Profile (MYMOP); European Five Domain Five Level Quality of Life Questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L); and the Patient Enablement Instrument (PEI). The PROMs data were analysed descriptively and inferentially. Interviews were conducted with clients who had received chiropractic care, chiropractic students, clinical supervisors and staff of the centre. Interview data were analysed using thematic analysis, and codes and themes were formed using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory. Results: Thirty-seven (37) participants completed baseline PROMs and 17 completed follow-ups after four treatments. A total of 72% of participants nominated their primary complaint as chronic. Significant change was noted in general health and wellbeing for the MYMOP, pain and disability for the EQ-5D-5L and index scores for the EQ-5D-5L suggested improved health and wellbeing. Most clients experienced higher levels of enablement post treatment. Twelve participants were interviewed, with five themes emerging from the interview data. Clients reported their lived experiences impacted their health problems and attending the clinic offered benefits beyond improvement of pain and disability. Conclusions: Interview data suggested that these benefits were due to a combination of therapy, the setting and the relationships formed within that setting. Complementing this, PROM data suggested clients experienced better levels of health and wellbeing and decreased levels of pain and disability. Findings indicated that people who experienced disadvantage may receive broader benefits from attending community centres offering chiropractic care. Services such as chiropractic may be complementary in meeting the healthcare needs of those experiencing disadvantage.
Existence and multiplicity of solutions for a class of quasilinear Schrodinger equations
Authors: Yuan Ziqing , Liu Shen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Consider the quasilinear Schrodinger equation −∆u + V (x)u + λ /2 [|∇u| 2 ]∆u = f(x, u) in R N, where V and f are periodic in x1,...,xN and f is odd in u and subcritical. By employing the genus theory and variational method, we only need f is continuous, which is allowed to have weaker asymptotic growth than usually assumed, and obtain infinitely many geometrically distinct solutions for λ >0
Automatic Estimation of Objective Cyclodeviation in Fundus Image Using Machine Learning
Authors: Hirota Masakazu , Fukushima Megumi , Sasaki Kakeru , Kato Kanako , Usui Chie , Mizuno Yoshinobu , Hayashi Takao , Mizota Atsushi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Calculating the angle of objective cyclodeviation has been based on the difference between the fovea and center of the optic nerve head (ONH) in fundus images. An examiner defines the location of the fovea and center of ONH manually; thus, there is an influence of bias, and the analysis time per fundus image is long. Therefore, in this study, we developed a machine learning-based model for automatic cyclodeviation estimation using fundus images. Our model is divided into two steps: detecting macular and ONH regions using the single shot multibox detector (SSD) and estimating cyclodeviaiton using gradient boosting on decision trees of CatBoost. The SSD detected the macular and ONH with a 75% average precision of 99.7% and 99.4%. Then, CatBoost estimated the objective manual cyclodeviation with a mean absolute error of 0.804. These findings suggest that the machine learning-based algorithm estimate cyclodeviation with the same accuracy as a human from fundus images.
Detailed S-Wave Velocity Structure of Sediment and Crust off Sanriku, Japan by a New Analysis Method for Distributed Acoustic Sensing Data Using a Seafloor Cable with Seismic Interferometry
Authors: Fukushima Shun , Shinohara Masanao , Nishida Kiwamu , Takeo Akiko , Yamada Tomoaki , Yomogida Kiyoshi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
S-wave velocity (Vs) structures of sediments and the uppermost crust in the landward slope of a subduction zone are essential for elucidating the dynamics of the overriding plate. Although distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) measurements have improved the horizontal resolution of Vs structure in marine areas, the estimation has been limited in the upper sedimental layer. This study imaged the structure from shallow to deep sediments at a depth up to 7 km and the uppermost crust off Sanriku, Japan, with high lateral resolution of 2.5km, by applying seismic interferometry to DAS data of 13 hours. We grouped the DAS data into 10-km-long subarrays with 75% overlaps. We first applied a frequency-wavenumber filter to the DAS data to remove DAS instrumental noise and to effectively extract surface waves from short-time records. We then applied the seismic interferometry method and estimated phase velocities at each subarray. The estimated phase velocities of the fundamental- and first higher-mode Rayleigh waves were then used to determine one-dimensional Vs structures for each subarray. The resultant 2-D Vs structure was interpreted as representing sediments and crust. The upper sediment layer became thick seaward, and a discontinuity between sediment and crust layers at depths of 3–7 km showed strong lateral heterogeneities. By combining the result with the P-wave velocity (Vp) structure along the nearest survey line, we could estimate the Vp/Vs value to be 2.28–4.0 in the lowest sedimental layers. Our developed analysis method applying seismic interferometry to marine DAS data can broaden the horizons for estimating heterogeneous Vs and Vp/Vs structures of sediment layers and the upper crusts in subduction zones. These results show that the application of both frequency-wavenumber filtering and seismic interferometry to marine DAS data can be a new tool for estimating the heterogeneous Vs and Vp/Vs structure of sediment layers and the upper crust in subduction zones.
Effect of Microplastics on Nasal and Intestinal Microbiota of High-Exposure Population: Protocol for an Observational Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Zhang Xiyu , He Yuchi , Xie Ziyan , Peng Sihan , Xie Chunguang , Wang Heting , Liu Lu , Kang Jian , Yuan Haipo , Liu Ya 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Microplastics have the characteristics of small size, high specific area, strong ability to adsorb pollutants, and difficult to degrade. They have become a major global environmental problem that humans urgently need to address. A balanced micro-ecosystem is essential to human health. Animal studies have shown that long-term exposure to microplastics can change the characteristics of the microbiota in organisms, leading to respiratory, digestive, immune and other system diseases. However, the current research on microplastics is still dominated by animal experiments, and the impact of microplastics on human health is still in its infancy, so relevant research is urgently needed. Methods/Design: Sixty participants with high exposure to microplastics will come from a plastic factory in Chengdu, China. We will conduct 16S rRNA sequencing and 8700 LDIR laser infrared imaging to the samples from the participants and from the environment. We will evaluate the health status of the participants through Short-Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36). For comparison, we will also collect samples and questionnaires from 60 volunteers from an area with good environmental quality in Chengdu. To find out the potential predictors and to access the difference between the groups, statistical analysis will be performed in the end.Discussion:The study will be the first observational cross-sectional study focusing on the effects of microplastics on nasal and intestinal microbiota of high-exposure population. The study is expected to provide reliable evidence to fill the gaps in the impact of microplastics on human health.Trial registration:This trial was registered with Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100049480) on August 2, 2021.
Oral Administration of the Gut-bacterial Metabolite 5-hydroxyindole and Its Subsequent Acceleration of Gut Motility Have Marginal Effects on the Rat Microbiota
Authors: Waclawiková Barbora , Schwalbe Markus , Aidy Sahar EL 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Intestinal microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites play a key role in regulating the host physiology, including gut motility. We have previously shown that a wide variety of gut bacteria can produce 5-hydroxyindole from its precursor, dietary supplement and antidepressant, 5-hydroxytryptophan. When 5-hydroxyindole was administered orally in rats, it significantly accelerated the total gut transit time. Results: Here we show, using 16S rRNA sequencing, that 5-hydroxyindole has no effect on the bacterial richness. No separation between the treated and untreated groups was detected based on their microbial composition as shown by principal component analysis. A significant increase in the abundance of only two genera, Shuttleworthia and Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, was detected in the 5-hydroxyindole treated group compared to the vehicle group. No significant association was found between the reduced total gut transit time as a result of 5-hydroxyindole administration and the cecal bacterial composition. Conclusions: Together, our study infers a marginal effect of 5-hydroxyindole or its subsequent accelerated gut motility on the cecal microbiota composition of rats. The results urge further investigation of the impact of 5-hydroxyindole oral administration in humans, which will support its potential application as a treatment for slow intestinal motility disorders.
Mesenteric Arterial Thrombosis Revealing Relapse of Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Ferjani Maryem , Zaimi Yosra , Trad Nouha , Hammi Yousra , Ayari Myriam , Ayadi Shema , Sayari Taha , Gargah Tahar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is associated with a hypercoagulable state and may be complicated by thrombotic events. Venous thrombosis is well acknowledged, while arterial thrombosis is rather unusual.Case presentation: we present the case of a 20-year-old woman with a 12-year history of idiopathic NS revealed by extensive cerebral venous thrombosis with pulmonary embolism treated with anticoagulation therapy and oral corticosteroid therapy followed by mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). The thrombophilia assessment did not show any abnormalities. The evolution was marked by the occurrence of several NS relapses controlled by oral corticosteroid therapy until 2017. Subsequently, the patient had not presented a relapse of her disease, the anticoagulant treatment and the MMF were therefore stopped. One year later, the patient presented with severe diffuse acute abdominal pain associated with postprandial vomiting and bilateral lower limb edema. Laboratory results confirmed a NS relapse. An abdominal CT scan revealed acute thrombosis of the superior mesenteric artery with acute mesenteric ischemia. Intraoperative exploration showed mesenteric ischemia with extensive necrosis of the small intestine making their resections incompatible with life. The patient died after 48 hours.Conclusions: Mesenteric arterial thrombosis, which is a rare but a life-threatening NS complication, should always be considered, especially in the case of acute non-specific digestive symptoms.
A Case of Death of Patient With Ovarian Fibroma Combined With Meigs Syndrome and Literature Review
Authors: Tan Na , Jin Kai-yuan , Yang Xiao-rong , Li Cheng-fang , Yao Jin , Zheng Hong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Ovarian fibroma is the most common benign pure stromal tumor. It has no specific clinical manifestation, most of which are pelvic or adnexal masses. 10%-15% of cases with hydrothorax or ascites, after tumor resection, hydrothorax and ascites disappear, known as Meigs Syndrome. The elevated level of CA125 in a few patients was easily misdiagnosed as ovarian malignant tumor. A case of bilateral Ovarian fibroma associated with Meigs Syndrome is reported and the literature is reviewed in order to improve the understanding of the changes and avoid misdiagnosis.
Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Uterine Cervix: A Report of Three Cases With Comparison of Clinicopathological, Immunohistochemical, and Ultrastructural Findings
Authors: Hong Soon Auck , Yoo Su Hyun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare, aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma with high stage presentations and poor outcomes. It is especially difficult to differentiate BSCC with an adenoid cystic pattern from high grade adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) using small biopsies. Case presentation: We describe different clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings of BSCC (n=2) and ACC (n=1) of the uterine cervix. Despite similar histopathologic features, BSCC had significantly higher cellular atypism and distinct squamous differentiation, and showed diffuse immunoreactivity to P16 and P63, but non-specific pattern for S100, p53, and CD117 compared with ACC, which showed selective peripheral/internalized positivity for P63 and S100 in myoepithelial cells, and diffuse expression of P53 and P16. High risk Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) types (types 16 and 56) were identified in BSCC, but not in ACC. However, BSCC had relatively undifferentiated cellular characteristics and ACC showed occasional true ductal differentiation with luminal microvilli on ultrastructural studies. Conclusions: p16 overexpression is not a reliable surrogate marker of HPV in relation to differentiated basaloid SCC from high-grade ACC. Useful tools to distinguish a ‘basaloid carcinoma of the cervix’ should be accompanied by HPV analysis and immunostaining patterns for P63 and S100.
A Solitary Hemangioblastoma in the Lateral Ventricle ： case report and review of the literature
Authors: Yu wenjing , Guo Yifan , Cao Zhijian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Hemangioblastoma is a benign tumor occurring in the central nervous system. As known, the most common sites are the cerebellum and spinal cord with the typical appearance which is a nodule with a cyst and contrast-enhanced scan demonstrates the obvious enhancement of the nodule and the local cyst wall. However, it’s difficult to diagnose the hemangioblastoma when it occurs in the lateral ventricle, due to the rare incidence of hemangioblastoma in the lateral ventricle.
Case presentation:
A 28-year-old man with a 1-month history of recurrent headache accompanied by slight dizziness, then the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain showed the cystic solid tumor with obvious enhancement in the parenchymal part and local cystic wall, also, there was abnormal dilated blood vessel in the parenchymal part which was considered as the hemangioblastoma in the lateral ventricle.
Conclusions
Total resection of the tumor was performed under neuronavigation, then the tumor was pathologically confirmed to be hemangioblastoma which was the Grade WHOI. Based on this study, we have increased the understanding of hemangioblastoma in the differential diagnosis of tumors located in the lateral ventricle and provide a new method of resection of the tumor.
Encouraging Early Outcomes with Image Guided Pencil Beam Proton Therapy for Cranio-Spinal Irradiation and Unique Considerations for Paediatric Population – First Report From India
Authors: Gaikwad Utpal , MP Noufal , Sylvia Jacinthlyn , Reddy Ashok K , Panda Pankaj Kumar , Chilukuri Srinivas , Sharma Dayananda , Jalali Rakesh 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
To report our experience with image guided pencil beam proton beam therapy (PBT) for craniospinal irradiation (CSI).
Materials and Methods
Between January 2019 to Dec 2021, we carried out a detailed audit of the first forty patients treated with PBT. We had recorded acute toxicities, reporting early outcomes and discuss limitations of current contouring guidelines during CSI PBT planning.
Results
Median age of the patient cohort was 8 years, and histologies include 20 medulloblastoma, 7 recurrent ependymoma, 3 pineoblastoma, 3 were germ cell tumors and remaining 7 constituted other diagnoses. Forty percent patients received concurrent chemotherapy. Median CSI dose was 23.4 GyE (Gray Equivalent; range 21.6–35). Thirty-five patients (87.5%) completed their CSI without interruption, 5 required hospital admission. No patient had grade 2/> weight loss during the treatment. Forty-five percent (18) developed grade 1 haematological toxicities and 20% (8) developed grade 2 or 3 toxicities; none had grade 4 toxicities. At median follow up of 12 months, 90% patients are alive of whom 88.9% are having local control. Special consideration with modification in standard contouring used at our institute helped in limiting acute toxicities in paediatric CSI patients.
Conclusion
Our preliminary experience with modern contemporary PBT using pencil beam technology and daily image guidance in a range of tumours suitable for CSI is encouraging. Patients tolerated the treatment well with acceptable acute toxicity and expected short-term survival outcome. In paediatric CSI patients, modification in standard contouring guidelines required to achieve better results with PBT.
Geometric Tumor Embolic Budding Characterizes Inflammatory Breast Cancer
Authors: Barsky Sanford , Modi Arnav , Nguyen Julie , Wang Justin , Ahn Jonathan , Libling William , Klein Jacob , Mazumder Preeanka 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The sina qua non of IBC is numerous tumor emboli especially within dermal lymphatics. The explanation remains a mystery.
Methods
In observational human studies comparing IBC with non-IBC, although common tumor parameters such as Ki-67 index, mitotic count and nuclear size showed a reasonable overlap, there was a dramatic exponential or geometric difference in embolic density and a significant difference in embolic size distribution in IBC v non-IBC. In companion experimental studies using contrasting properties of two xenografts, Mary-X and Karen-X, both derived from IBC patients, this study offers a novel explanation and mechanism to explain the high tumor embolic numbers in IBC.
Results
The explanation is geometric embolic budding. Mary-X exhibits florid lymphovascular tumor emboli in vivo which give rise to high numbers of CTCs and pulmonary metastases whereas Karen-X lacks these features. Mary-X also gives rise to tight spheroids in vitro which exhibit dynamic budding whereas Karen-X exhibits only loose non-budding aggregates. Furthermore Mary-X emboli also bud dramatically into daughter emboli in vivo. The mechanism that regulates the compactness of the spheroids as well as the emboli involves the generation of E-cad/NTF1, a calpain-mediated cleavage product of membrane E-cadherin. Inhibiting the generation of E-cad/NFT1 by blocking either the calpain site of cleavage (SC) or the site of binding (SB) with specific decapeptides both reduces spheroid compactness and decreases budding.
Conclusions
Since E-cad/NFT1 retains the p120ctn binding site but loses both the β-catenin and α-binding sites, promoting its 360° distribution around the cell’s membrane, the varying levels of expression of this truncated molecule may trigger budding of both the spheroids as well as the emboli. Recurrent and geometric budding of parental emboli into daughter emboli then would account for the plethora of tumor emboli seen in IBC patients.
The prognostic significance of APOA1 mRNA and protein in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Peng Xiulan , Xiong Guoguang , Li Jingtao , Hu Yugang , He Anbing , Wang Xia , Luo Renfeng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
We attempted to evaluate the clinical and prognostic significance of APOA1 mRNA and protein in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC).
Methods
Clinical data along with RNA-sequencing data were downloaded from UCSC Xena. The Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database was searched to reveal the expression profiles of APOA1 protein in KIRC tissues and the normal renal tissues. TIMER database was applied to determine the correlations of APOA1 with immune cells and PD-1.PD-L1 in KIRC. 91 cases of KIRC patients and 93 cases of healthy controls from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University were enrolled for clinical validation.
Results
Levels of APOA1 mRNA in KIRC tissues (N = 533) seemed to be lower than the levels in normal renal tissues (N = 72), but the difference was statistically insignificant (P = 0.545). Multivariate Cox results reveled that low expression of APOA1 mRNA was a reliable marker for favorable OS (HR = 1.66, P = 0.037) and DFS (HR = 1.65, P = 0.047), and APOA1 hypermethylation was a reliable biomarker for worse OS (HR = 2.1, P = 0.001)rather than DFS (HR = 1.12, P = 0.624) in KIRC patients. The HPA database indicated that APOA1 protein expression was down-regulated in renal cancerous tissues compared with that in the normal renal tissues. Moreover, concentrations of serum APOA1 protein were markedly decreased in KIRC patients compared to healthy controls (P < 0.01), and low levels of APOA1 protein predicted less favorable OS than those with high levels (HR = 2.84, P = 0.0407). Finally, APOA1 was negatively correlated with various immune cells infiltrates and PD-L1 expression (r=-0.283, P = 2.74e-11) based on TIMER database.
Conclusion
Low levels of APOA1 mRNA or high levels of serum APOA1 protein predict favorable survival in KIRC patients. Our study has provided novel insights for identifying a novel prognostic index with great clinical utility and therapeutic target for KIRC.