bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence Algorithm incorporated into MobileODT Enhanced Visual Assessment for triaging Screen Positive Women after Cervical Cancer Screening
Authors: Shamsunder Saritha , Mishra Archana , Kumar Anita , Beriwal Rajni , Ahluwalia Charan , Das Sujata 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction : The goal of cervical cancer screening is to detect precancerous precursor lesions that can be treated in the preinvasive stage. Colposcopy is important for triaging of any abnormal cervical screening test. Scarcity of trained Colposcopists and colposcopy centres is a big hurdle to screening programs in lower and middle income countries. Objectives of the study: The objective was to assess the performance of the Artificial Intelligence based incorporated into the MobileODT Enhanced Visual Assessment (EVA Visual Check) against physician colposcopic diagnosis and the gold standard of histopathology.Material and Methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted on women referred to our colposcopy clinic following an abnormal screening test. Colposcopic examination was performed by trained physicians using the mobile optical device technologies (ODT) Enhanced Visual Assessment (EVA) system and the images were saved. The physician colposcopic impression was recorded, biopsy performed if any acetowhite lesions were found. Images taken with the EVA system were uploaded on a cloud and analysed by the Visual Check algorithm. Correlation of Physician impression using the mobile ODT colposcope was compared with the Visual Check analysis. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of physician’s impression and Visual Check analysis was compared with the final histopathological analysis or cytology . Cases with normal cytology and normal colposcopy did not undergo biopsy and these were considered normal.Result: We studied 147 women, EVA Visual check had a Sensitivity of 86.8% (75-95), Specificity 28.7% (20-39), Positive Predictive Value of 40.7% (32-50) and negative predictive value of 79.4% (62-91) and diagnostic accuracy of 49.7% (41-58) for CIN 1+ lesions. EVA visual check has sensitivity 89.3% (72-98),specificity 26.1% (18-35), PPV 22.1% (15-31), NPV 91.2% (76-98) and diagnostic accuracy of 38.1% (30-46) for CIN 2 + lesions. Physician impression had a sensitivity of 86.8% (75-95), specificity of 81.9% (73-89) positive predictive value(PPV) 73.0% (60-83) negative predictive value (NPV) 91.7% (84-97) and diagnostic accuracy 83.7% (77-89) as compared to histopathological diagnosis of CIN1+ lesions and sensitivity of 92.9% (76-99) ,specificity of 68.9% ( 60-77%) ,positive predictive value (PPV) 41.3% (29-54) ,negative predictive value (NPV) 97.6% ( 92-100) and diagnostic accuracy 73.5% (66-80) as compared to histopathological diagnosis of CIN 2 + lesions as the gold standardConclusion: Mobile ODT EVA colposcope with AI has sensitivity comparable to physician’s diagnosis while specificity ,PPV and NPV was less than that of physician diagnosis. It is valuable for triage of screen positive women for further management.
Human Embryonic Stem Cell-derived Cerebral Organoids for Treatment of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in a Mouse Model
Authors: Kim Jong-Tae , Cho Sung Min , Youn Dong Hyuk , Kim Tae Yeon , Han Sung Woo , Park Chan Hum , Lee Younghyurk , Hong Eun Pyo , Jung Harry , Lee Jae Jun , Rhim Jong Kook , Park Jeong Jin , Ahn Jun Hyong , Kim Heung Cheol , Cho Yong Jun , Jeon Jin Pyeong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: There are no effective treatments for relieving neuronal dysfunction after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). Here, we evaluated therapeutic efficacy of human embryonic stem cell-derived cerebral organoids (hCOs) in a mild TBI model, in terms of repair of damaged cortical regions, neurogenesis, and improved cognitive function. Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into sham-operated, mild TBI, and mild TBI with hCO groups. hCOs cultured at 8 weeks were used for transplantation. Mice were sacrificed at 7 and 14 days after transplantation followed by immunofluorescence staining, cytokine profile microarray, and novel object recognition test.Results: 8W-hCOs transplantation significantly reduced neuronal cell death, recovered microvessel density, and promoted neurogenesis in the ipsilateral subventricular zone and dentate gyrus of hippocampus after mild TBI. In addition, increased angiogenesis into the engrafted hCOs was observed. Microarray results of hCOs revealed neuronal differentiation potential and higher expression of early brain development proteins associated with neurogenesis, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling. Ultimately, 8W-hCO transplantation resulted in reconstruction of damaged cortex and improvement in cognitive function after mild TBI. Conclusion: hCO transplantation may be feasible for treating mild TBI-related neuronal dysfunction via reconstruction of damaged cortex and neurogenesis in the hippocampus.
Predictive value of focal adhesion-related genes for prognosis and response to immunotherapy in glioma patients
Authors: Ji Qiankun , Tu Zewei , Jiang Yuan , Liu Xinjun , Zhu Xingen , Huang Kai , Li Jingying 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Focal adhesions (FAs) allow cells to contact the extracellular matrix, helping to maintain tension and enabling signal transmission in cell migration, differentiation, and apoptosis. FAs are also implicated in changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that lead to malignant progression and drug resistance. However, there are still few studies on the comprehensive analysis of focal adhesion-related genes (FARGs) in glioma.
Methods
Expression data and clinical information of glioma samples were downloaded from public databases. Two distinct subtypes were identified based on FARGs using an unsupervised consensus clustering algorithm. A scoring system with outstanding clinical application value was constructed using different algorithms. RT-qPCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry staining were used to detect the expression of COL1A2. Cell lines stably knockdown and overexpressing COL1A2 were constructed by plasmids transfection. Wound healing assay, clone formation, and transwell assay were used for mechanism exploration. A cell co-culture experiment was used to study the effect of Jurkat cells on the viability of GBM cell lines after knockdown and overexpression of COL1A2.
Results
The prognosis outcome and TME characteristics are significantly different between the two subtypes. The nine-genes scoring system can not only effectively predict the prognosis outcome of glioma patients, but also contribute to predicting the immunotherapy response of glioma patients. COL1A2 is up-regulated in glioblastoma (GBM) tissues and GBM cell lines and is closely related to the prognosis outcome of glioma patients. COL1A2 is involved in the regulation of the biological behavior in GBM and may be a key molecule in the changes in TME of GBM.
Conclusion
FARGs is involved in the tumorigenesis and progression of glioma. The novel molecular subtypes and scoring system identified based on FARGs have outstanding clinical application value. It is of great significance to explore the molecular mechanism of FARGs in glioma for finding new therapeutic targets.
Bending of electric field lines and photon trajectories in a static gravitational field
Authors: Singal Ashok 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
It is well known that the photon trajectories follow a curved path in a gravitational field. We explore here the gravitational bending of electric field lines. It seems that the electric field lines of a charge, supported in a gravitational field, follow exactly the trajectories of photons emitted isotropically from a source situated at the charge location. From a detailed examination of the electrostatic field of a charge accelerated uniformly in the instantaneous rest frame, exploiting the strong principle of equivalence, one can determine the bending of the electric field lines of a charge in a gravitational field.The fraction of electric field lines crossing a surface, stationary above or below the charge in the gravitational field, is shown to be exactly similar to the fraction of photon trajectories intersecting that surface, emanating from a source lying at the charge location. On the other hand, for a freely falling charge in the gravitational field there is no such bending of electric field lines. The field lines continue to extend in radial straight lines from the instantaneous 'present' position of the charge, as do the trajectories of photons streaming away from the instantaneous position of a freely falling source in the gravitational field. The electric field configuration of a freely falling charge in the gravitational field is shown to be exactly the same as that of a charge moving uniformly in an inertial frame with velocity equal to the instantaneous ``present'' velocity of the freely falling charge.
Subtype frequency, demographic features, treatment and outcome of Juvenile Arthritis in one centre in Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates.
Authors: Khawaja Khulood , Kalas Rama , Ibrahim Neamat 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background:Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects 1 in 1000 children worldwide. Our population in the United Arab Emirates is diverse. The primary objective of this study is to describe the subtype frequency and demographic features of our patients and the secondary objective is to look at treatments received and outcome of our patients. Methods:Patients with the diagnosis of JIA identified through the hospital electronic medical records system (EMR), which was implemented for all medical documentation in January 2011. All patients included are patients who presented to our center for treatment and follow up from 2011 to end of 2021. Retrospective case notes review of patients electronic medical records with the diagnosis of JIA was performed. Results138 patients in total. Oligoarticular subtype was the most represented with 75 patients (55%) followed by Rheumatoid factor negative polyarticular JIA with 32 patients (23%) then Enthesitis related arthritis (ERA) with 10 patients (7%) then psoriatic (6%) then systemic JIA (5%). Undifferentiated subtype of 2 %. The most diagnostic delay is in enthesitis related arthritis subtype with a mean of 11.4 months (6-25) followed by undifferentiated JIA with a mean of 7.5 months (4-8.5). 131 (96%) out of 138 received steroid treatment. Only 6 patients did not receive steroids. Out of 138 patients, 101 (73 %) were on synthetic disease modifying medication methotrexate. 68 patients out of the total 138 required biologic treatment (49%). In total 93 patients achieved clinical remission (67%). In remission on treatment 78 patients which is (56%) of the total number of patients with follow up ranging from 1 to 5 years and 84% of patients in remission. In remission off treatment 15 patients (11% of all patients and 16% of patients in remission). ConclusionThe most common subtype in our cohort of patients is Oligoarticular JIA. Longest delay is for ERA subtype.All our patients with Oligoarticular JIA received Intra articular steroid injection as first line treatment. 49% of our patients received biologic treatment similar to rate in Northern Europe. Our remission rate is 67% with 11% of patients are in remission off treatment. Access to care remains the main determinant in improving out come and avoiding poor outcome for our cohort of patients.
Fatigue life and damage evaluation of Glass Fiber Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Composite Materials Based on recycled Polyethylene terephthalate (rPET)
Authors: Singh Ashwani Kumar , Bedi Raman 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in the atmosphere creates an environmental concern. The use of waste PET as a matrix in a composite lowers the cost and environmental impact. In this study, the unsaturated polyester resin (rPET-UPR) is extracted from waste PET through the chemical recycling route (glycolysis) for the fabrication of four-ply glass fiber composites laminate of stacking sequence [0/(± 45)2/0]T. fatigue tests were performed at the stress ratio of 0.1, where the stress level varied from 40–80% of the ultimate tensile strength (UTS). The results of fatigue tests showed that the fatigue life of composites based on rPET-UPR was lower as compared to virgin polyester matrix composite probably due to weak interfacial properties and higher degradation of rPET-UPR matrix. Moreover rPET-UPR glass fiber composite had comparable fatigue performance. With increasing the fatigue loading cycle nonuniform and rapid damage growth were observed at high-stress levels however more uniform damage zone was observed at the low-stress level. From the fatigue fracture surface the fiber pullout, fiber pullout and fiber breakage, and fiber breakage failure mode was observed at 80%, 60%, and 45% stress level respectively while fiber pullout from intermediate ply had been observed might be due to weak interface and greater load transfer to intermediate ply after the failure of outer ply (UD). FE-SEM results revealed that excessive matrix damage was observed at low-stress level. The magnitude of stiffness degradation increased with decreasing the stress level might be due to excessive matrix damage.
Pressure-induced phase separation for microstructural formation control in supercritical polymer solution: A promising solution enhancing mechanical properties of flash-spun filament
Authors: Wee Jae-Hyung , Bae Younghwan , Cho Nam Pil , Kim Moo Sung , Lee Won Jun , Yeo Sang Young 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Flash-spun nonwoven (FS-NW) is gaining attention in the PPE field due to its excellent barrier and mechanical properties resulting from its non-uniform diameter distribution and unique filament morphology. The unique network structure of flash-spun filaments (FSF) comprising the FS-NW can be controlled by phase separation behavior in the supercritical fluid (SCF) process. This study proposes a simple method to control the microstructure of FSFs by controlling the pressure-induced phase separation (PIPS) process in polymer/SCF solution. This phase separation behavior of an HDPE/SCF solution was confirmed by using a high-pressure view cell. A multistage nozzle allowing for phase-separated pressure to form different phases was also designed. HDPE-FSFs were synthesized by flash-spinning, and their morphology, crystallinity, and mechanical properties were investigated. The results demonstrated that the filaments obtained by PSP control at 220°C and with an HDPE concentration of 8 wt% showed a network structure composed of strands, wherein the diameters ranged from 1.39 to 40.9 µm. Optimal FSF was obtained at 76 bar, with a crystallinity of 65.6% and a tenacity of 2.88 g/d. The PIPS method can thus effectively control the microstructure more feasibly than temperature- or solvent-induced techniques and can allow the effective synthesis of various products.
Predictions of damages from Atlantic tropical cyclones: a hierarchical Bayesian study on extremes
Authors: Dietz Lindsey , Arya Sakshi , Chatterjee Snigdhansu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Bayesian hierarchical models are proposed for modeling tropical cyclone characteristics and their damage potential in the Atlantic basin. We model the joint probability distribution of tropical cylone characteristics and their damage potential at two different temporal scales, while taking several climate indices into account. First, a predictive model for an entire season is developed that forecasts the number of cyclone events that will take place, the probability of each cyclone causing some amount of damage, and the monetized value of damages. Then, specific characteristics of individual cyclones are considered to predict the monetized value of the damage it will cause. Robustness studies are conducted and excellent prediction power is demonstrated across different data science models and evaluation techniques.
Identification and Segregation of Genes with Improved Recurrent Neural Network Trained with Optimal Gene Level and Mutation Level Features
Authors: Pukhta Irfan Rashid , Rout Ranjeet Kumar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
With containing chemical bases that encode a protein, genes influence the foundations of life. Mutations are changes throughout a gene that has the potential to affect the function of a protein. Whenever a mutation causes uncontrollable cellular proliferation, cancer arises. Accordingly, the tumor progression and mutations classified as drivers provide a growth advantage, whilst passengers just don't.
Methods
The goal of this research is to develop an effective classification system for discriminating between driver and passenger mutations from a methodological standpoint. A new gene identification and segregation model is presented in this research article. "(a) pre-processing, (b) treatment of class imbalances, (c) feature extraction, (d) feature selection, and (e) gene classification" are the five primary steps of the proposed model. To improve the quality of the data, the obtained raw data is first pre-processed through "data cleaning and data normalization". This transforms the raw data into something usable as well as effective. In reality, the dataset is skewed, with driver mutation labels appearing in far fewer instances than passenger mutation labels. To tackle the class imbalance problem, the pre-processed data is handled using enhanced K-Means + SMOTE. The most significant characteristics, such as gene-level features and mutation level features, are then retrieved from the balanced dataset. To decrease the computational burden in terms of time, the most optimum features are picked from the retrieved features using Forensic Interpretation Customized Hunger Food Search Optimization (FIHFSO). The traditional Hunger Games Search (HGS) and Forensic-Based Investigation Optimization (FBIO) are conceptually combined in this FIHFSO. The deep learning classifier that performs the segregation process is trained using the specified optimum features (using FIHFSO). A new improved Recurrent Neural Network (I-RNN) is introduced in this study effort for making the final judgment regarding the genes (i.e., classification of driver and passenger genes). Finally, the projected mode is validated to demonstrate its dominance in terms of categorization.
Results
The I-RNN model has been compared over the existing classifiers like CNN, LSTM, DBN, Bi-GRU, SVM, DRIVE (Dragomir et al., 2021) and EARN (Mirsadeghi et al., 2021), respectively. I-RNN model has recorded the highest accuracy as 95.5%, which is better than the existing models. The major reason behind this performance enhancement in due to the MSE loss function introduced within it. In addition, I-RNN model has recorded the minimal FPR as well as FNR.
Conclusion
The projected model is said to be highly significant for gene classification owing to its comparative high accuracy. The quantitative identification and segregation of passenger and driver genes in cancer datasets will contribute to precision medicine in oncology.
Comparing knowledge-based 3D Reconstruction to Conventional MRI Algorithms Measuring Left Cardiac Chamber Volumes in Pediatrics
Authors: Ahmad Attila , Windram Jonathan , Eckersley Luke 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Compare accuracy of 3D knowledge-based reconstruction (3D KBR) algorithm to standard measurement of left atrial (LA) and left ventricle (LV) volumes.Background: Accurate measurement of LV and LA volume is essential in assessing cardiac function. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is the gold standard, but analysis is relatively time consuming. Our study compared analysis time and agreement of 3D KBR algorithm to conventional CMR. Methods: CMR studies of children aged 3-17 years with iron-overload were analyzed. DiCOM data was uploaded into the 3D KBR software calculated the LA and LV volumes in end systole and diastole, and ejection fraction. LA volumes were calculated using biplane method. LV measurements were calculated using Simpson's method (using a short axis stack) (SAX) technique. These methods were compared using intraclass coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots.Results: 71 CMR studies of 31 patients were analyzed. No mean bias between SAX and VMS (Ventripoint software) measurement of LV end diastolic volume (EDV), biplane and VMS measurements of LA end systolic volume (ESV) or LA EDV were found. A small positive bias in VMS LV ESV; with moderate agreement in LV EDV, LA ESV and LV ejection fraction (EF)/ LA EF and wider limits of agreement in LV ESV and LA EDV. Excellent correlation between SAX and VMS in measuring LV volumes, biplane and VMS LA volumes. Interobserver agreement for VMS LV and LA volumes were excellent. VMS LV analysis time was 2.43 min and VMS LA analysis time was 1.46 min.Conclusion: 3DKBR offers a time efficient alternative with comparable accuracy to the current LV and LA measurements used in clinical practice.
Outsourced Databases in the Cloud: A Privacy-Preserving Indexing Scheme
Authors: Sobati-Moghadam Somayeh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cloud computing becomes a popular and successful paradigm for data outsourcing. Cloud computing has developed as an affordable and realistic alternative to in-house data centers. However, security and privacy concerns have arisen and are still a great barrier. To mitigate these concerns , several authors proposed to use Property-Preserving Encryption (PPE) schemes. PPE schemes enable storing and processing queries over encrypted data. But, such schemes inherently leak some information about plaintexts that could jeopardize data privacy. In this article, we address the crucial issue of protecting data privacy when performing queries on it in an untrusted cloud. We introduce new order-preserving indexing schemes that allow queries to be carried out efficiently through encrypted data. We consider a robust security model and improve security strength with a complementary order-obfuscating technique. The proposed indexing schemes preserve the expressiveness of state-of-the-art PPE schemes while at the same time offering stronger security protections compared to pre-used schemes. We provide formal proofs of the security of our schemes and prove that they meet standard notions of security against a strong adversary model. We theoretically evaluate and compare our schemes with current PPE schemes. Analytically, we show the superiority of the proposed schemes relative to on-the-shelf PPE schemes. Our comparison demonstrates some interesting insights concerning the overall security and efficiency .
An improved trust-based security framework for IoT Health Care Monitoring System
Authors: P.N. Renjith , K Ramesh , S Balasubramani 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The health care system has made an innovative advancement by integrating the Internet of Things. Each IoT health care device is equipped with many sensors which are adept at sensing the information from the patient. The gateway sensor aggregates all the sensed data and sends it to the cloud storage. The data are processed and forwarded from the cloud to the doctor’s interface. Even though the utilization of IoT has grown exponentially, security remains a major impediment in many applications. It is possible to inject false information, modify or steal vital information at various stages of an IoT-based health care system. These adversary attacks are grave crimes, and they may cost lives. Therefore, the security of the IoT-based health care system should be considered the primary design objective. In this paper, a digitally signed trust evaluation-based security mechanism is designed to enhance end to end security of the sensed information and protection of human life. This paper presents a framework that works effectively against malicious attacks and secures vital information from external attacks. The effectiveness of the framework is validated through extensive simulations.