bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling the Lunar Wake Response to a CME Using a Hybrid PIC Model
Authors: Rasca Anthony P. , Fatemi Shahab , Farrell William M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the solar wind, a low-density wake region forms downstream of the nightside lunar surface. In this study, we use a series of 3D hybrid particle-in-cell simulations to model the response of the lunar wake to a passing coronal mass ejection (CME). Average plasma parameters are derived from the Wind spacecraft located at 1 au during three distinct phases of a passing halo (Earth-directed) CME on 2015 June 22. Each set of plasma parameters, representing the shock/plasma sheath, a magnetic cloud, and plasma conditions we call the mid-CME phase, are used as the time-static upstream boundary conditions for three separate simulations. These simulation results are then compared with results that use nominal solar wind conditions. Results show a shortened plasma void compared to nominal conditions and a distinctive rarefaction cone originating from the terminator during the CME’s plasma sheath phase, while a highly elongated plasma void reforms during the magnetic cloud and mid-CME phases. Developments of electric and magnetic field intensification are also observed during the plasma sheath phase along the central wake, while electrostatic turbulence dominates along the plasma void boundaries and 2–3 lunar radii R

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downstream in the central wake during the magnetic cloud and mid-CME phases. The simulations demonstrate that the lunar wake responds in a dynamic way with the changes in the upstream solar wind during a CME.
L’engagement enseignant des soixante-huitards
Authors: Mathieu Lilian 
Published: January 2022

Fondé sur l’analyse d’une quarantaine d’entretiens biographiques, l’article étudie comment la participation de militants et militantes d’extrême gauche à Mai 68 et aux luttes qui ont suivi a façonné leur entrée dans les métiers de l’enseignement. Il montre comment cette orientation professionnelle a été l’aboutissement d’une mobilité sociale ascendante réalisée par et dans l’école, mais qu’elle a aussi été largement influencée par leur expérience de la contestation collective. Le militantisme joue en effet un rôle en apparence paradoxal dans les trajectoires tant politiques que professionnelles des enquêtés : si bon nombre ont tout d’abord interrompu leurs études (et renoncé aux promesses d’ascension sociale qu’elles leur offraient) au profit de leur militantisme, celui-ci les a dotés en compétences et connaissances qu’ils ont pu ultérieurement mobiliser pour exercer leur métier d’enseignant.
L’expérience comme ressource alternative pour des femmes des classes populaires ?
Authors: Arborio Anne-Marie 
Published: January 2022

L’expérience de travail offre-t-elle des ressources compensatoires d’un défaut en divers états ou formes de capital culturel ? Une enquête ethnographique menée autour du dispositif de validation des acquis de l’expérience (VAE) pour le diplôme d’aide-soignante permet d’aborder cette question pour les femmes des classes populaires qui aspirent à une petite mobilité après avoir travaillé auprès de malades ou de personnes âgées, en institution ou à domicile, sur des emplois pour lesquels elles ont été recrutées sans autre exigence que leurs dispositions genrées à s’occuper d’autrui. L’étude de leurs parcours montre que la VAE constitue une aubaine pour contourner les difficultés de la formation mais nombre de candidates restent à l’écart de la réussite ou n’y accèdent qu’après des tentatives répétées. La forme et le contenu des épreuves, dont les références scolaires ne sont pas absentes, semblent pénaliser les candidates les plus éloignées de l’école : l’expérience est difficilement mobilisable sans des ressources culturelles et sociales, liées au parcours singulier ou alimentées par l’établissement. Les épreuves révèlent aussi la fragilité de l’expérience de travail même : les conditions de travail et les rapports de force au travail, dans les emplois subalternes, ne font pas toujours de cette expérience une occasion d’accumuler les compétences attendues pour espérer une petite mobilité.
Les neurosciences non sociales ?
Authors: Lignier Wilfried 
Published: January 2022

Les sciences sociales, en particulier celles qui donnent de l’importance à l’idée d’incorporation des dispositions, s’intéressent de plus en plus aux sciences du cerveau. Elles se réfèrent alors volontiers aux travaux de neurosciences dites « sociales », mais souvent de façon générale et abstraite. A contrario, il est possible de réfléchir aux rapports entre sciences sociales et sciences neurales en partant de l’observation directe, ethnographique, d’opérations de recherche précises – en l’espèce, d’une expérience par électroencéphalogramme, concernant les dispositions individuelles à la violence politique. Une telle observation, réalisée au sein d’un laboratoire étasunien reconnu, montre comment la socialité des comportements humains est évacuée dans la pratique habituelle des neurosciences sociales. La différenciation sociale des sujets de l’expérience, les interactions interpersonnelles qui conditionnent le cerveau, et le caractère institutionnel et historique des représentations s’avèrent impensés, parfois jusqu’à l’absurde (création de stimuli étranges). L’article invite, de façon constructive, à une meilleure prise en compte de ces spécificités épistémologiques, théoriques et méthodologiques, qui pourraient être dépassées si et seulement si les sciences sociales assument leur contribution scientifique distinctive dans les rapports interdisciplinaires.
Carte blanche à André Rauch
Authors: Fuchs Julien , Midol Nancy , Bui-Xuân Gilles 
Published: January 2022

Pour son 40 e anniversaire, la revue STAPS a souhaité donner la parole à un acteur clé de la revue, et plus largement du champ des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (STAPS). André Rauch, ancien président de l’Association pour le développement des connaissances relatives aux activités physiques et sportives (ancêtre de l’AFRAPS), ancien président de la 74 e section du CNU STAPS, a accepté de se prêter au jeu. L’entretien aborde notamment les origines de la revue et la structuration du champ des STAPS au début des années 1980. Il offre aussi la possibilité à André Rauch de s’exprimer sur ses recherches ainsi que sur sa manière de voir l’espace universitaire aujourd’hui.
General time interval multidimensional BSDEs with generators satisfying a weak stochastic-monotonicity condition
Authors: Li Tingting , Xu Ziheng , Fan Shengjun 
Published: January 2022

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>This paper establishes an existence and uniqueness result for the adapted solution of a general time interval multidimensional backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE), where the generator	<inline-formula>	<tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ g $\end{document}</tex-math>	</inline-formula> satisfies a weak stochastic-monotonicity condition and a general growth condition in the state variable	<inline-formula>	<tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ y $\end{document}</tex-math>	</inline-formula>, and a stochastic-Lipschitz condition in the state variable	<inline-formula>	<tex-math id="M3">\begin{document}$ z $\end{document}</tex-math>	</inline-formula>. This unifies and strengthens some known works. In order to prove this result, we develop some ideas and techniques employed in Xiao and Fan [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b25">25</xref>] and Liu et al. [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b15">15</xref>]. In particular, we put forward and prove a stochastic Gronwall-type inequality and a stochastic Bihari-type inequality, which generalize the classical ones and may be useful in other applications. The martingale representation theorem, Itô’s formula, and the BMO martingale tool are used to prove these two inequalities.	</p>
Extended conditional <i>G</i>-expectations and related stopping times
Authors: Hu Mingshang , Peng Shige 
Published: January 2022

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>In this paper, we extend the definition of conditional	<inline-formula>	<tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ G{\text{-}}{\rm{expectation}} $\end{document}</tex-math>	</inline-formula> to a larger space on which the dynamical consistency still holds. We can consistently define, by taking the limit, the conditional	<inline-formula>	<tex-math id="M3">\begin{document}$ G{\text{-}}{\rm{expectation}} $\end{document}</tex-math>	</inline-formula> for each random variable	<inline-formula>	<tex-math id="M4">\begin{document}$ X $\end{document}</tex-math>	</inline-formula>, which is the downward limit (respectively, upward limit) of a monotone sequence	<inline-formula>	<tex-math id="M5">\begin{document}$ \{X_{i}\} $\end{document}</tex-math>	</inline-formula> in	<inline-formula>	<tex-math id="M6">\begin{document}$ L_{G}^{1}(\Omega) $\end{document}</tex-math>	</inline-formula>. To accomplish this procedure, some careful analysis is needed. Moreover, we present a suitable definition of stopping times and obtain the optional stopping theorem. We also provide some basic and interesting properties for the extended conditional	<inline-formula>	<tex-math id="M7">\begin{document}$ G{\text{-}}{\rm{expectation}} $\end{document}</tex-math>	</inline-formula>.	</p>
Computational studies on physico-chemical properties in the quality analysis of corn and peanut oil
Authors: Rubalya Valantina S. , Arockia Jayalatha K. 
Published: January 2022

Oils are commonly used in cooking as a frying medium which has been constantly subjected to different levels of heating. In this work, we have considered the most commonly used oils namely peanut oil and corn oil. Quality analyses of corn and peanut oils were made by relating macroscopic properties (ultrasonic velocity, viscosity, and density) to microscopic parameters (intermolecular free length, adiabatic compressibility etc.,) by subjecting them to six cycles of heating (190 ˚C). Variation in the mentioned property indexes, the degree of degradation and reusability for the next heating cycle that could be used in the food industry and processing were monitored. Using Newton-Laplace and Wood’s equation, the adiabatic compressibility, acoustic impedance, and intermolecular free length of the oil were estimated from the experimental data. Ultrasonic velocity was observed linearly as related to viscosity with the dependency factor (R2 = 0.932). With the aid of experiential data, the physical thermodynamic parameters, particularly particle size, packing factor, chemical potential, and L-J potential were computed. A high correlation factor was observed by fitting ultrasonic velocity, viscosity, and density to Parthasarathy and Bakshi, and Rodenbush equations. In the study, ultrasonic velocity, a macroscopic parameter, could be decoded to determine the microscopic variations in oil subjected to different temperatures in an industrial application.
Rate and risk factors of postoperative endoscopic recurrence of moderate- to high-risk Crohn's disease patients - A real-world experience from a Middle Eastern cohort
Authors: Azzam Nahla , AlRuthia Yazed , Al Thaher Abdulla , Almadi Majid , Alharbi Othman , Altuwaijri Mansour , Alshankiti Suliman , Alanazi Mohammed , Alanazi Abdulelah , Aljebreen Abdulrahman , Regueiro Miguel 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Crohn's disease (CD) frequently recurs after intestinal resection. Azathioprine (AZA) and biological therapies have shown efficacy in preventing postoperative recurrence (POR). Data on POR from Middle Eastern populations is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the rate of endoscopic POR in a cohort of CD patients who underwent ileocecal resection (ICR), and to assess the effectiveness of AZA and biological therapies in reducing the risk of disease recurrence.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective cohort study on 105 CD patients followed at our center, who underwent ileal resection and were at moderate to high risk for POR. Clinical and laboratory data were collected; the primary endpoint was post ICR endoscopic recurrence at 24 months defined by Rutgeerts' score of i2 or more despite treatment.

Results:
In total, 105 patients with Crohn's disease met our inclusion criteria; 76.2% were in remission and did not have endoscopic POR at 24 months. Further, 41.9% were on biological therapy, and 34.3% were mainly on AZA. Out of the 28.2% who had POR, approximately 15% were on biological therapies. Penetrating phenotype was the only predictive factor for decreasing POR (OR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.04–0.98, P = 0.04) as identified in multiple logistic regression analysis.

Conclusions:
The use of biological therapies post-surgery was not superior than AZA in reducing the endoscopic POR for mod- high risk CD patients. Only penetrating behavior of the CD was associated with significantly lower risk of endoscopic recurrence. This finding is worth further investigation in more robust study designs and among larger samples of patients.
Predicting the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B patients receiving antiviral therapy
Authors: Wang Shuai , Liu Bingwei , Fan Xuemei , Gao Yang , Hong Mingqi , Xu Yan 
Published: January 2022

Background:
We aimed to validate the predictive value of the cirrhosis, age, male sex, and diabetes (CAMD) score and age, albumin, sex, and liver cirrhosis (AASL) score for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, treated with nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs) in Northeast China.

Methods:
From January 2009 to June 2020, 945 patients diagnosed with CHB who received NUC therapy at China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University were included. Comprehensive medical records were retrospectively analyzed, and the predictive values of the CAMD score and AASL score for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were evaluated.

Results:
A total of 58 patients (5.94%) were diagnosed with HCC. Multivariate analysis revealed that age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.041, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.009–1.073, P < 0.011] and cirrhosis (OR = 3.297, 95% CI 1.383–7.861, P < 0.007) were independent predictors of HCC. Either the CAMD or AASL score was significantly higher in the HCC group compared to the non-HCC group. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of CAMD and AASL was 0.721 (95% CI 0.663–0.780) and 0.718 (95% CI 0.662–0.774), respectively. Risk stratification using either CAMD or AASL revealed significant differences in the one-, three-, and five-year cumulative incidence rates of HCC between the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups (all P < 0.001, log-rank test).

Conclusions:
Both CAMD and AASL scores have predictive value for HCC risk of CHB patients in Northeast China. In future, the optimal monitoring frequency and methods should be personalized.
Gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 in a single center in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al Argan Reem J. , Ismail Mona H. , Alkhafaji Dania M. , Alsulaiman Raed M. , Ismaeel Fatimah E. , AlSulaiman Reem S. , Almajid Ali N. , Alsheekh Lameyaa , Alsaif Tariq S. , Alzaki Alaa A. , Alqatari Safi G. , Alwaheed Abrar J. , Al Said Abir H. , Al Wazzeh Marwan J. , AlQurain Abdulaziz A. 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Several gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms have been associated with novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Their prevalence and relation to the severity and hospital outcome of COVID-19 have not been well reported in the Middle East and Saudi Arabia. We aimed to examine the GI manifestations of COVID-19 and their association with the severity and hospital outcome of COVID-19 infection.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective observational study of hospitalized COVID-19 patients who had a positive SARS-COV2 PCR test and were admitted at a university hospital in Saudi Arabia, from March to September 2020. The primary objective of the study was to describe the GI manifestations of COVID-19. The secondary objective was to investigate the association of GI manifestations with severity and outcome of COVID-19 infection.

Results:
We included 390 patients, of which 111 (28.5%) presented with GI manifestations. The most common presentation was diarrhea followed by nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Patients without GI manifestations had a higher risk of severe-critical COVID-19 infection evident by the development of lung infiltration in more than 50% of lung fields within 24–48 h, acute respiratory distress syndrome, altered mental status, multiorgan failure, and cytokine storm syndrome (P < 0.05). These patients had a higher mortality rate compared to patients with GI manifestations (P = 0.01). A lower odds of death was seen among patients with GI symptoms (AOR 0.36; 95% CI, 0.158–0.82; P = 0.01).

Conclusion:
COVID-19 infection presents commonly with GI manifestations. Patients with GI manifestations have less severe COVID-19 disease and lower mortality rates.
Mesure de la vulnérabilité des milieux urbains au Cameroun face au changement climatique
Authors: Yonzoua C.C. Fandjio , Nana U.J.M. Pettang , Manjiaa M.B. , Pettanga C. 
Published: January 2022

Les différentes catastrophes survenues en milieu urbain au Cameroun récemment, mettent en exergue les désormais dangers permanents qui pèsent sur les habitants. On note une augmentation des extrêmes : de hautes températures, des perturbations des régimes pluvieux et la récurrence des vents violents. Certains de ces effets sont amplifiés par la géographie contraignante de plusieurs villes et par l’influence anthropique sur l’environnement. En effet, d’une part les sites de plusieurs villes camerounaises ont soit des reliefs accidentés qui favorisent l’érosion des terrains, soit des configurations planes qui limitent l’évacuation gravitaire de l’eau de ruissellement. D’autre part, la croissance urbaine rapide et la prolifération des bidonvilles qui couvrent près de 65 à 70% de la superficie urbaine, usent plus rapidement les ouvrages et infrastructures d’assainissement urbaines lorsqu’ils existent dus à l’imperméabilisation accélérée et continue du sol urbain ainsi qu’à la mauvaise gestion des déchets. L’urgence de trouver des solutions durables à ce phénomène est désormais sans équivoque. Elle nécessite un encadrement normatif inclusif plus performant que celui actuellement en vigueur, qui amène le pays vers la résilience.
The disasters that’ve occurred recently in urban areas in Cameroon, highlight the permanent dangers weighing on the inhabitants. There is an increase in extremes climate parameters: high temperatures, rainfall disturbances and the recurrence of gales. Some of these effects are amplified by both the constraining relief of several cities and human influence on the environment. In fact, on the one hand, the sites of several Cameroonian cities either have rugged reliefs that promote land erosion, or flat configurations that limit the gravity discharge of runoff water. On the other hand, the rapid urban growth and the proliferation of slums which cover nearly 65 to 70% of the urban area, wear out more quickly the works and urban sanitation infrastructures when they exist due to the accelerated and continuous waterproofing soil in addition to the poor waste management. The urgency to find lasting solutions to this phenomenon is now unequivocal. It requires an inclusive normative framework that is more effective than that currently in force, which brings the country towards resilience.
LncRNA SNHG1 protects the cardiac muscle cells from hypoxia/ re-oxygenation injury in vitro by targeting microRNA-21-5p and miR-30a-5p
Authors: Liu Youbin , Zang Tingting , Fan Ying , Li Jinglong , Chen Meng , Chen Anyong , Yang Dahao , Guan Xue , Cao Yong 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Cardiovascular diseases are responsible for numerous deaths globally. Long noncoding RNA SNHG1 has presented its protective role in cardiomyocytes previously. Herein, we examined the underlying molecular mechanisms of SNHG1 in cardiac muscle cells from hypoxia and re-oxygenation (H/R) in vitro.Methods: RT-qPCR measured expression of SNHG1, miR-21-5p and miR-30a-5p in rat cardiac muscle cell line HL-1 before and after H/R treatment and cell transfection, which was applied to regulate expression of SNHG1, miR-21-5p and miR-30a-5p for further use. The flow cytometry method was used to compare changes in cellular apoptosis, and cell viability was measured by CCK-8 method.Bioinformatics predicted the bindings ofSNHG1 and miR-21-5p / miR-30a-5p while the luciferase reporter assays further verified this.Results: The outcomes revealedthat SNHG1 was downregulated and meanwhile miR-21-5p / miR-30a5p was elevated that enhanced apoptosis and reduced cell viability in HL-1 cells. However, overexpressed SNHG1 inhibited cell apoptosis and increased cell viability brought by H/R. In addition, SNHG1 targeted at miR-21-5p/ miR-30a-5p, which contributed to the inter-regulation in between. Furthermore, interactive experiments revealed that upregulation of miR-21-5p/ miR-30a-5p added to the cell apoptosis which was induced by H/R and partially counteracted by the upregulation of SNHG1.Conclusion: In this study we have demonstrated the protective role of SNHG1 in the moderation of H/R-induced HL-1 apoptosis and viability through suppression of miR-21-5p/miR-30a-5p. This offers new perspective into the molecular interpretation of cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic reperfusion injury.
Keywords: SNHG1; apoptosis; Hypoxia/Re-oxygenation injury;miR-21-5p; miR-30a-5p; Cardiovascular diseases
Ginkgolide K potentiates the protective effect of ketamine against intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury by modulating NF-κB/ERK/JNK signaling pathway
Authors: Zhu Weina , Zhao Zhili , Liu Xiongtao , Ni Xiumei , Lei Xiaoming , Li Xiaoying , Deng Rui , Zhao Liyan 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To investigate the effect of ginkgolide K and ketamine treatments, alone and in combination, on intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R)-induced injury in rats, as well as the mechanism involved.
Methods: Rats were treated with ginkgolide K (GK, 15 mg/kg i.v) and ketamine (KTM, 100 mg/kg i.p.), either alone or in combination 30 min before the induction of intestinal I/R. The effects of GK and KTM were determined by assessing the levels of cytokines in serum, and parameters of oxidative stress and ROS production in the intestinal tissues of I/R rats. Moreover, intestinal mRNA expressions of JNK, ERK, p38 and NF-kB were determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
Results: GK and KTM treatments, alone and in combination, reduced cytokine levels in serum and oxidative stress parameters in intestinal tissues, when compared to I/R group of rats. Treatments with GK and KTM, alone and in combination, mitigated the altered mRNA expressions of JNK, ERK, p38 and NF-kB in intestinal tissues of I/R-injured rats.
Conclusion: These results reveal that GK potentiates the protective effect of KTM100 on I/R-induced intestinal injury in rats by regulating the NF-kB/ERK/JNK signaling pathway. Therefore, GK and KTM may find use in the management of I/R
Keywords: Ginkgolide K, Ketamine, Intestinal injury, Ischemia/Reperfusion, Inflammation