bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of Attitudes and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease Risk Perception Questionnaire
Authors: Guo Zhiting , Ding Chuanqi , Gao Wen , Hong Junyi , Tang Jiaying , Zhang Yuping , Jin Jingfen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global mortality and disease burden. The perceived risk of CVD, a central psychological construct, may affect health behavior change and maintenance, such as lifestyle modification and medication adherence. Risk perception varies based on the knowledge of risk in the context of cultural health-world views. Little is known about CVD-related knowledge and risk perception in China. The aim of this study is to cross-culturally translate, adapt, and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Attitudes and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease (ABCD) Risk Perception Questionnaire in Chinese. The translation and cross-cultural adaptation process followed established guidelines. A cross-sectional study of 318 adults between April and May 2022 was conducted in Zhejiang province. The study evaluated the item- and scale-level psychometric properties and validity indices of the ABCD risk perception questionnaire. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the risk scale supported a three-factor solution that accounts for 69.63% of the total variance, corresponding to risk perception (F1), perceived benefits and intention to change physical activity (F2), and perceived benefits and intention to change dietary habits (F3). Adequate content validity (I-CVI = 0.852–1.00, S-CVI = 946) was ensured by expert panel. The internal consistency of the dimensions showed good results ranging from 0.801 to 0.940 for Cronbach's α, and 0.853 to 0.952 for McDonald’s ω. The item analysis of knowledge dimension indicated that the item difficulty index was 0.440 to 0.852, the item discrimination index was 0.572 to 0.707. This study confirmed that the Chinese version of the ABCD risk perception questionnaire has good psychometric properties in terms of measuring CVD-related knowledge and risk perception in the Chinese adult population, which can lead to the development of individually tailored CVD-risk reduction intervention programs or risk communication programs by health providers.
Hydrothermal preparation of high purity TiO2 from industrial metatitanic acid by response surface methodology
Authors: Tian Congxue 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe response surface methodology of Box Behnken design was used to investigate the effects of hydrothermal conditions on the high purity TiO2 preparation from industrial metatitanic acid. The method had a good fitting result in the prediction model, and the effects could be calculated from a second-order polynomial equation. The hydrothermal conditions greatly affected the structure and purity for the metatitanic acid and rutile TiO2, influenced the process of nucleation and crystallization, grain growth, polymerization, agglomeration and aggregation, further improved the particle size distribution, structure and surface adsorption capacity of metatitanic acid, reduced the adsorption of impurity ions, and finally improved the purity of TiO2. The variables such as hydrothermal temperature, slurry concentration and hydrothermal time had synergistic effects, and the effects of hydrothermal time were larger than the other two. The verification experiments confirmed that the predicted values could be achieved at 99.99% under the optimal hydrothermal conditions.
Ferulic acid derivatives block coronaviruses HCoV-229E and SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro
Authors: Pasquereau Sébastien , Galais Mathilde , Bellefroid Maxime , Pachón Angona Irene , Morot-Bizot Stéphanie , Ismaili Lhassane , Van Lint Carine , Herbein Georges 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, emerged in China at the end of 2019 causing a large global outbreak. As treatments are of the utmost importance, drugs with broad anti-coronavirus activity embody a rich and rapid drug discovery landscape, where candidate drug compounds could be identified and optimized. To this end, we tested ten small-molecules with chemical structures close to ferulic acid derivatives (FADs) (n = 8), caffeic acid derivatives (CAFDs) (n = 1) and carboxamide derivatives (CAMDs) (n = 1) for their ability to reduce HCoV-229E replication, another member of the coronavirus family. Among these ten drugs tested, five of them namely MBA112, MBA33, MBA27-1, OS4-1 and MBA108-1 were highly cytotoxic and did not warrant further testing. In contrast, we observed a moderate cytotoxicity for two of them, MBA152 and 5c. Three drugs, namely MBA140, LIJ2P40, and MBA28 showed lower cytotoxicity. These candidates were then tested for their antiviral propreties against HCoV-229E and SARS-CoV2 replication. We first observed encouraging results in HCoV-229E. We then measured a reduction of the viral SARS-CoV2 replication by 46% with MBA28 (EC50 > 200 µM), by 58% with MBA140 (EC50 = 176 µM), and by 82% with LIJ2P40 (EC50 = 66.5 µM). Overall, the FAD LIJ2P40 showed a reduction of the viral titer on SARS-CoV-2 up to two logs with moderate cytotoxicity which opens the door to further evaluation to fight Covid-19.
Visualisation of lenticulostriate arteries using contrast-enhanced time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography at 7 Tesla
Authors: Osuafor Christopher N. , Rua Catarina , Mackinnon Andrew D. , Egle Marco , Benjamin Philip , Tozer Daniel J. , Rodgers Christopher T. , Markus Hugh S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract7 Tesla-field-strength (7 T) Magnetic Resonance Imaging allows the small perforating arteries in the brain to be visualised, and this modality may allow visualisation of the arterial pathology in cerebral small vessel disease. Most studies have used standard Time-of-Flight (ToF) Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA). Whether the use of contrast enhancement improves perforating artery visualisation at 7 T remains unclear. In a prospective study, we compared standard ToF MRA with contrast-enhanced (CE) ToF MRA at 7 T for the visualisation of the lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs). Ten patients with symptomatic lacunar stroke were recruited (mean age, SD, 64 ± 9.9 years). Visualisation was assessed using a visual rating scale administered by two independent expert readers and length of the LSAs visible. Visualisation of the LSAs was improved with CE ToF MRA. The mean Visibility and Sharpness Score was higher for CE ToF MRA over standard ToF MRA (2.55 ± 0.64 vs. 1.75 ± 0.68; P = 0.0008). The mean length of LSA visualised was significantly longer with CE ToF MRA compared to standard ToF MRA (24.4 ± 4.5 vs. 21.9 ± 4.0 mm; P = 0.01). CE ToF MRA offers improved visualisation of the LSAs over standard ToF MRA. The addition of contrast may improve the ability to visualise cerebral small vessel disease arterial pathology.
Influence of pleated geometry on the pressure drop of filters during dust loading process: experimental and modelling study
Authors: Teng Guangping , Shi Guoqing , Zhu Jintuo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, a pressure drop model was developed through numerical simulation and experimentation for optimizing the design of the pleated structure of the filter media to extend the service life of the filter and reduce the ventilation energy consumption. The effect of the Stokes number on the dust deposition on the pleated filter media was revealed through numerical simulation. On this basis, a pressure drop model during dust loading was developed. The model suggests that under the same mass of dust deposition per unit area (W), the greater the pleat ratio (α), the greater the dust cake thickness and the effective filtration velocity in the effective filtration area. In addition, for V-shaped and U-shaped filters, the relative mean deviations between experimental and modeling total pressure drops are 3.68% and 4.82%, respectively. In other words, the proposed model accurately predicts pressure drop during dust loading. Furthermore, under the same α and $$W$$
W
, the total pressure drop of the U-shaped filter is lower than that of the V-shaped filter, demonstrating the superior filtration performance of the U-shaped filter.
Valproic acid attenuates cellular senescence in diabetic kidney disease through the inhibition of complement C5a receptors
Authors: Coughlan Melinda T. , Ziemann Mark , Laskowski Adrienne , Woodruff Trent M. , Tan Sih Min 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDespite increasing knowledge about the factors involved in the progression of diabetic complications, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) continues to be a major health burden. Current therapies only slow but do not prevent the progression of DKD. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapy to halt the progression of DKD and improve disease prognosis. In our preclinical study where we administered a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, valproic acid, to streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis were attenuated. Furthermore, we discovered that valproic acid attenuated diabetes-induced upregulation of complement C5a receptors, with a concomitant reduction in markers of cellular senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Interestingly, further examination of mice lacking the C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) gene revealed that cellular senescence was attenuated in diabetes. Similar results were observed in diabetic mice treated with a C5aR1 inhibitor, PMX53. RNA-sequencing analyses showed that PMX53 significantly regulated genes associated with cell cycle pathways leading to cellular senescence. Collectively, these results for the first time demonstrated that complement C5a mediates cellular senescence in diabetic kidney disease. Cellular senescence has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease, thus therapies to inhibit cellular senescence such as complement inhibitors present as a novel therapeutic option to treat diabetic kidney disease.
Gender-specific factors contributing to visceral obesity including the sleep-obesity relationship: a large-scale cross-sectional study from East Asia
Authors: Saito Katsuki , Shimamoto Takeshi , Takahashi Yu , Okushin Kazuya , Takahashi Mami , Masuda Yukari , Nishikawa Takako , Kakushima Naomi , Wada Ryoichi , Yamamichi Nobutake 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOur study aimed to evaluate the relationship between visceral obesity and its associated factors, especially sleep duration in East Asia. We conducted univariate and multivariate analyses using the data of 2538 participants (mean age 56.4 ± 10.8 years) who underwent medical checkups and computed tomography of the abdomen to calculate the visceral fat area from 2008 to 2020. We additionally performed logistic regression analyses using each sleep-duration group (< 5, 5–6, 6–7, 7–8, and ≥ 8 h) and their respective propensity scores as covariates. According to the criteria of visceral obesity(a visceral fat area ≥ 100 cm2), 1147 of 1918 men (59.8%) and 131 of 620 women (21.1%) had visceral obesity. In multivariate analyses, visceral obesity was significantly associated with age, body mass index and triglyceride in both genders, high-density lipoproteins, uric acid levels, and daily alcohol consumption in men; and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in women. In both multivariate and propensity score matching analyses, sleep duration of > 8 h and visceral obestiy showed a positive association in men but a negative association in women with statistical significance. In conclusion, our large-scale cross-sectional study in East Asia identified various gender-specific factors associated with visceral obesity including the long sleep duration.
Lung_PAYNet: a pyramidal attention based deep learning network for lung nodule segmentation
Authors: Bruntha P. Malin , Pandian S. Immanuel Alex , Sagayam K. Martin , Bandopadhyay Shivargha , Pomplun Marc , Dang Hien 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAccurate and reliable lung nodule segmentation in computed tomography (CT) images is required for early diagnosis of lung cancer. Some of the difficulties in detecting lung nodules include the various types and shapes of lung nodules, lung nodules near other lung structures, and similar visual aspects. This study proposes a new model named Lung_PAYNet, a pyramidal attention-based architecture, for improved lung nodule segmentation in low-dose CT images. In this architecture, the encoder and decoder are designed using an inverted residual block and swish activation function. It also employs a feature pyramid attention network between the encoder and decoder to extract exact dense features for pixel classification. The proposed architecture was compared to the existing UNet architecture, and the proposed methodology yielded significant results. The proposed model was comprehensively trained and validated using the LIDC-IDRI dataset available in the public domain. The experimental results revealed that the Lung_PAYNet delivered remarkable segmentation with a Dice similarity coefficient of 95.7%, mIOU of 91.75%, sensitivity of 92.57%, and precision of 96.75%.
Parasitic infection increases risk-taking in a social, intermediate host carnivore
Authors: Meyer Connor J. , Cassidy Kira A. , Stahler Erin E. , Brandell Ellen E. , Anton Colby B. , Stahler Daniel R. , Smith Douglas W. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractToxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite capable of infecting any warm-blooded species and can increase risk-taking in intermediate hosts. Despite extensive laboratory research on the effects of T. gondii infection on behaviour, little is understood about the effects of toxoplasmosis on wild intermediate host behavior. Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA, has a diverse carnivore community including gray wolves (Canis lupus) and cougars (Puma concolor), intermediate and definitive hosts of T. gondii, respectively. Here, we used 26 years of wolf behavioural, spatial, and serological data to show that wolf territory overlap with areas of high cougar density was an important predictor of infection. In addition, seropositive wolves were more likely to make high-risk decisions such as dispersing and becoming a pack leader, both factors critical to individual fitness and wolf vital rates. Due to the social hierarchy within a wolf pack, we hypothesize that the behavioural effects of toxoplasmosis may create a feedback loop that increases spatial overlap and disease transmission between wolves and cougars. These findings demonstrate that parasites have important implications for intermediate hosts, beyond acute infections, through behavioural impacts. Particularly in a social species, these impacts can surge beyond individuals to affect groups, populations, and even ecosystem processes.
A small bacteriophage protein determines the hierarchy over co-residential jumbo phage in Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis
Authors: Pavlin Anja , Lovše Anže , Bajc Gregor , Otoničar Jan , Kujović Amela , Lengar Živa , Gutierrez-Aguirre Ion , Kostanjšek Rok , Konc Janez , Fornelos Nadine , Butala Matej 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis is the most widely used biopesticide against insects, including vectors of animal and human diseases. Among several extrachromosomal elements, this endospore-forming entomopathogen harbors two bacteriophages: a linear DNA replicon named GIL01 that does not integrate into the chromosome during lysogeny and a circular-jumbo prophage known as pBtic235. Here, we show that GIL01 hinders the induction of cohabiting prophage pBtic235. The GIL01-encoded small protein, gp7, which interacts with the host LexA repressor, is a global transcription regulator and represses the induction of pBtic235 after DNA damage to presumably allow GIL01 to multiply first. In a complex with host LexA in stressed cells, gp7 down-regulates the expression of more than 250 host and pBtic235 genes, many of which are involved in the cellular functions of genome maintenance, cell-wall transport, and membrane and protein stability. We show that gp7 homologs that are found exclusively in bacteriophages act in a similar fashion to enhance LexA’s binding to DNA, while likely also affecting host gene expression. Our results provide evidence that GIL01 influences both its host and its co-resident bacteriophage.
Non-symmetric pinning of topological defects in living liquid crystals
Authors: Figueroa-Morales Nuris , Genkin Mikhail M. , Sokolov Andrey , Aranson Igor S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTopological defects, such as vortices and disclinations, play a crucial role in spatiotemporal organization of equilibrium and non-equilibrium systems. The defect immobilization or pinning is a formidable challenge in the context of the out-of-equilibrium system, like a living liquid crystal, a suspension of swimming bacteria in lyotropic liquid crystal. Here we control the emerged topological defects in a living liquid crystal by arrays of 3D-printed microscopic obstacles (pillars). Our studies show that while −1/2 defects may be easily immobilized by the pillars, +1/2 defects remain motile. Due to attraction between oppositely charged defects, positive defects remain in the vicinity of pinned negative defects, and the diffusivity of positive defects is significantly reduced. Experimental findings are rationalized by computational modeling of living liquid crystals. Our results provide insight into the engineering of active systems via targeted immobilization of topological defects.
Retrospective study of the immunogenicity and safety of the CoronaVac SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in people with underlying medical conditions
Authors: Li Chunmei , Bi Hanfang , Fu Zhenwang , Li Ao , Wan Na , Hu Jun , Yang Fan , Zhou Tai-Cheng , Liang Yupeng , Su Wei , Shi Tianpei , Yang Mei , Wang Rong , Qin Wanting , Yu Xuanjing , Zheng Hong-Yi , Zhou Zumi , Zheng Yong-Tang , Wei Jia , Zeng Gang , Zhang Zijie ,   the Precise-CoVaccine study group, Chen Yanli , Yang Wei , Ma Xupu , Zhao Xinshuai , Jiang Xinyu , Wu Qingqin , Yan Yating , Xing Lei , Li Jingmei , Sun Lipei , Jiao Hanyi , Wu Junze , Liu Xueyan , Yu Houze , Dai Muxian , Liu Fengwei , Feng Muhua , Zhang Yuemiao , Wu Ying , You Dingyun , Wang Guo-Dong , Yan Guanghong , Xu Gangxu , Wang Yajing , Zhang Lihong , Zhang Liang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
People living with chronic disease, particularly seniors (≥60 years old), made up of most severe symptom and death cases among SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. However, they are lagging behind in the national COVID-19 vaccination campaign in China due to the uncertainty of vaccine safety and effectiveness. Safety and immunogenicity data of COVID-19 vaccines in people with underlying medical conditions are needed to address the vaccine hesitation in this population.

Methods
We included participants (≥40 years old) who received two doses of CoronaVac inactivated vaccines (at a 3–5 week interval) and were healthy or had at least one of 6 common chronic diseases. The incidence of adverse events after vaccination was monitored. Vaccine immunogenicity was studied by determining neutralizing antibodies and SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses post vaccination.

Results
Here we show that chronic diseases are associated with a higher rate of mild fatigue following the first dose of CoronaVac. By day 14–28 post vaccination, the neutralizing antibody level shows no significant difference between disease groups and healthy controls, except for people with coronary artery disease (p = 0.0287) and chronic respiratory disease (p = 0.0416), who show moderate reductions. Such differences diminish by day 90 and 180. Most people show detectable SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses at day 90 and day 180 without significant differences between disease groups and healthy controls.

Conclusions
Our results highlight the comparable safety, immunogenicity and cellular immunity memory of CoronaVac in seniors and people living with chronic diseases. This data should reduce vaccine hesitancy in this population.
Displaced femoral neck fracture in a pregnant patient diagnosed with transient osteoporosis of the hip
Authors: Factor Shai , Barriga Juan , Halperin Dania , Krespi Raphael , Ben-Tov Tomer 
Published: November 2022

Transient osteoporosis of pregnancy (TOP) is a self-limiting pathology with unspecified etiology. It is typically found in women in late pregnancy or early postpartum. A femoral neck fracture is an infrequent complication. Herein, we describe a TOP case in a 38-year-old female who suffered a displaced sub-capital femoral neck fracture without obvious trauma at 28 weeks of gestation. The patient underwent operative treatment using closed reduction and internal fixation (CRIF), using cannulated screws, with no intraoperative complications. The postoperative radiograph revealed a collapse and further displacement of the femoral neck. A decision was made to postpone a definitive treatment to a postpartum date. The patient underwent a cesarean section at 38-week of gestation with no complications. At her latest follow-up, 24 months postoperatively, the patient was asymptomatic. Pelvic and hip radiographs demonstrated consolidation of the fracture. Level of evidence: IV.
9 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Transformations (DYKATs) and Stereoablative Transformations
Authors: Hafeman N. J. , Sardini, Jr. S. R. , Bhat V. , Stoltz B. M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDynamic kinetic asymmetric transformations (DYKAT) are an extensively utilized class of reactions to construct carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bonds from racemic starting materials. Much like DYKAT, stereoablative transformations grant access to enantioenriched building blocks from racemic substrates. In contrast to DYKAT, stereoablative transformations function via irreversible destruction of the stereocenter rather than a catalyst-promoted epimerization. While this review is not exhaustive, it focuses on transition-metal-catalyzed processes and outlines the current state-of-the-art of this field.
A hard case for the ethics of supported voting: Cognitive and communicative disabilities, and incommunicability
Authors: Mráz Attila 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this article, I explore the implications of three moral grounds for the justification of supported voting – respect as opacity, respect as equal status, and respect as political care. For each ground, I ask whether it justifies surrogate voting for voters unable to either communicate or give effect to their electoral judgments, due to some cognitive or communicative disability. (Henceforth: incommunicability cases.) I argue that respect as opacity does not permit surrogate voting, and equal status does not justify such support – although the latter account can make sense of the value loss involved in the persistent non-participation of individuals with cognitive and communicative disabilities. Finally, I argue that an account of supported voting based on the ethics of political care can accommodate a pro tanto moral permission to provide surrogate voting as a form of support in incommunicability cases, and it can account for the inclusive approach of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities to supported decision-making. However, I show that in incommunicability cases, what the political community and individual caretakers ultimately owe to adult fellow citizens as equal members of the political community is some adequate form of political care – but not necessarily surrogate voting.