bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comportamiento de Divulgación de Indicadores GRI – G4 en Reportes de Sostenibilidad de Empresas del Sector Agricultura
Authors: Rojas Gómez July Carolina , Niño Galeano Claudia Lucia , Solano Bejarano Sergio David 
Published: March 2022

Despite the increase in the dissemination of Global Initiative Reporting (GRI) Sustainability Reports (SR) by companies worldwide, and specifically in the agricultural sector, there are warnings about the use of these reports as a means to legitimize the corporate image without transforming practices in the relationship with nature and society. In this scenario, this research aims to analyse the trends of dissemination of GRI G4 indicators until 2016 in companies of the agricultural sector registered in the GRI Database (BDGRI), being this an important activity for mankind due to the production of food and raw materials, but at the same time responsible for the generation of negative impacts. The methodology used was quantitative, using the following techniques: principal component analysis (PCA) and clustering. The results show that the behavior of indicator dissemination in the agricultural sector is dispersed, showing some trends according to size. In general, the trend of the sector is to disclose few indicators, especially human rights and environmental performance.

Date received: February 10, 2019 Acceptance date: July 2, 2019
Otimização de um metamaterial acústico labiríntico para absorção sonora na faixa de frequências de 100–300 Hz
Authors: Almeida Gildean Nascimento , Vergara Erasmo Felipe , Barbosa Leandro Rodrigues , Farias Linconl Cézar Bastos 
Published: March 2022

O controle da energia sonora em ambientes fechados ao longo de todo espectro de frequência é um fator importantíssimo, especialmente quando o conforto acústico é uma necessidade do projeto arquitetônico do ambiente. Este controle é realizado pelo tratamento acústico, sendo o coeficiente de absorção sonora um parâmetro físico do material acústico utilizado. Todavia, os materiais acústicos absorvedores convencionais (e.g. espumas e fibras) apresentam limitações geométricas e operacionais no controle da energia sonora relativa a região das baixas frequências (100–600 Hz). Recentemente este controle ganhou notabilidade com o advento dos metamateriais acústicos (MMA). Neste artigo apresentamos uma avaliação teórica, numérica e experimental de um instituído metamaterial absorvedor de baixas frequências. O metamaterial acústico fundamenta-se na teoria dos painéis micro perfurados (MPP) e no conceito de espaços enrolados, os quais se assemelham a um labirinto. Os efeitos de atrito viscoso e difusão térmica, importantes na descrição analítica do modelo são corroborados por meio de uma análise numérica utilizando o método dos elementos finitos (MEF). O coeficiente de absorção sonora do metamaterial é maximizado por um método heurístico para a região de frequência entre (100–300 Hz). Uma amostra do metamaterial foi fabricada pela tecnologia de impressão 3D e avaliada em um aparato de tubo de impedância. Os resultados obtidos revelam uma absorção sonora de 0,97% em 216 Hz com uma largura de banda relativa de 49,0%. É demonstrado que o metamaterial acústico apresenta uma escala de sub comprimento de onda, uma vez que sua espessura total é de 0,026λ.
Proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae Involved in Iron Acquisition
Authors: de Jesús Olivares-Trejo José , Elizbeth Alvarez-Sánchez María 
Published: March 2022

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a human pathogen bacterium capable of using hemoglobin (Hb) and haem as a single iron source but not in presence of lactoferrin. This bacterium has developed a mechanism through the expression of several membrane proteins that bind to iron sources, between them a lipoprotein of 37 kDa called Spbhp-37 (Streptococcus pneumoniae haem-binding protein) involved in iron acquisition. The Spbhp-37 role is to maintain the viability of S. pneumoniae in presence of Hb or haem. This mechanism is relevant during the invasion of S. pneumoniae to human tissue for the acquisition of iron from hemoglobin or haem as an iron source.
Trailing Edge Bluntness Noise Characterization for Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines [HAWT] Blades
Authors: Prasad Maddula Satya , Bhargava Nukala Vasishta , Naidu Neigapula Venkata Swamy , Prasad Padhy Chinmaya , Samala Rahul 
Published: March 2022

Wind turbine noise is becoming a critical issue for many offshore and land-based wind projects. In this work, we analyzed trailing edge bluntness vortex shedding noise source for a land-based turbine of size 2 MW and blade span of 38 m using original Brooks Pope and Marcolini (BPM)and modified BPM noise model. A regression-based curve fitting approach has been implemented to predict the shape function in terms of thickness to chord ratio of aerofoils used for blade. For trailing edge height of 0.1% chord, computations for sound power level were done at wind speed of 8 m/s, 17 RPM. The results showed that present approach for thickness correction predicts the noise peak of ∼78dBA at f ∼ 10 kHz which is ∼15dBA lower than that predicted from original BPM. The results were also validated using experiment data from GE 1.5sle, Siemens 2.3 MW turbines with blade lengths between 78 m and 101 m which agreed within 2% at high frequencies, f > 5 kHz. In addition, results from present approach for trailing edge bluntness noise agreed well with modified BPM by Wei et al. at high frequencies, f ∼ 10 kHz where it becomes dominant. The slope of noise curves from present approach, and modified BPM methods are lower when compared with original BPM.
Stevens-Johnsonov sindrom in toksična epidermalna nekroliza pri otrocih: prikaz primerov in pregled literature
Authors: Ota Sonja , Toplak Nataša , Vesel Tajnšek Tina , Koren Jeverica Anja , Markelj Gašper , Blazina Štefan , Dragoš Vlasta , Tekavčič Pompe Manca , Tomaževič Tanja , Avčin Tadej 
Published: March 2022

Stevens-Johnsonov sindrom (SJS) in toksična epidermalna nekroliza (TEN) sta redki življenje ogrožajoči bolezni, ki se kažeta z nastajanjem mehurjev ter odstopanjem povrhnjice kože in sluznic. Najpogosteje sta posledica imunsko sprožene reakcije na zdravilo, redkeje zaradi drugih vzrokov. Poleg prekinitve zdravljenja z zdravilom, ki je lahko sprožilo SJS/TEN, ali uvedbe zdravljenja bakterijske okužbe, če je ta kot vzročni dejavnik dokazana, uvedemo lokalno zdravljenje sprememb na očeh, koži in sluznicah, v težjih primerih pa še sistemsko zdravljenje z glukokortikosteroidi (GKS) in/ali intravenskimi imunoglobulini (IVIG). Za optimalni izid bolezni je bistveno sodelovanje med specialisti različnih strok.
Prispevek predstavi skupino bolnikov, obravnavanih na Kliničnem oddelku za otroško alergologijo, revmatologijo in klinično imunologijo Pediatrične klinike UKC v Ljubljani in pregled literature. V letih 2011–2019 smo zdravili šest otrok s SJS/TEN. Pri štirih otrocih je bil sprožilni dejavnik zdravilo, pri enem okužba z Mycoplasmo pneumonie, pri enem bolniku pa etiologije nismo mogli opredeliti. Z GKS in IVIG so bili zdravljeni štirje otroci, en otrok z okužbo z M. pneumonie je bil zdravljen z azitromicinom in IVIG, en otrok pa je prejel le zdravila lokalno. Izid bolezni je bil pri vseh otrocih dober, in sicer tudi brez poznih posledic bolezni.
Relieving floods, revealing history
Authors: Kilpatrick Maureen C , Ballin Torben Bjarke , Smith Beverley Ballin , Ramsay Susan 
Published: March 2022

A programme of archaeological work prior to the construction of a flood-relief channel at Knocknagael Farm, south-west of Inverness (NGR: NH 656 414), revealed a series of prehistoric features including pits, hearths, fire-spots and possible structural features. Finds included sherds from a Neolithic bowl and a Bronze Age cordoned urn. Palaeo-botanical remains were present in many features and included the carbonised remains of cereal grains including naked six-row barley and spelt. Radiocarbon dating revealed that activity at the site ranged from the 7th millennium BC to the 1st millennium AD. This is one of the earliest dates yet obtained from the Culduthel valley, which has already produced much evidence of prehistoric activity including the high-status Iron Age site of Culduthel Farm (Highland HER MHG49950).
Read the full account of the excavations at Culduthel in Culduthel: An Iron Age Craftworking Centre in North-East Scotland
Regulating Electronic Structure in Bi2O3 Architectures by Ti Mediation: A Strategy for Dual Active Sites Synergistically Promoting Photocatalytic Nitrogen Hydrogenation
Authors: Wu Panfeng , Wang Tianyu , Xue Qi , Wang Mengkai , Zhong Ruihua , Hu Jun , Chen Zhong , Wang Danjun , Xue Ganglin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUnder mild conditions, nitrogen undergoes the associative pathways to be reduced with solar energy as the driving force for fixation, avoiding the high energy consumption when undergoing dissociation. Nevertheless, this process is hindered by the high hydrogenation energy barrier. Herein, Ti was introduced as hard acid into the δ‐Bi2O3 (Ti−Bi2O3) lattice to tune its local electronic structure and optimize its photo‐electrochemistry performance (reduced bandgap, increased conduction band maximum, and extended carrier lifetime). Heterokaryotic Ti−Bi dual‐active sites in Ti−Bi2O3 created a novel adsorption geometry of O−N2 interaction proved by density functional theory calculation and N2 temperature‐programmed desorption. The synergistic effect of dual‐active sites reduced the energy barrier of hydrogenation from 2.65 (Bi2O3) to 2.13 eV (Ti−Bi2O3), thanks to the highly overlapping orbitals with N2. Results showed that 10 % Ti‐doped Bi2O3 exhibited an excellent ammonia production rate of 508.6 μmol gcat−1 h−1 in water and without sacrificial agent, which is 4.4 times higher than that of Bi2O3. In this work, bridging oxygen activation and synergistic hydrogenation for nitrogen with Ti−Bi dual active sites may unveil a corner of the hidden nitrogen reduction reaction mechanism and serves as a distinctive strategy for the design of nitrogen fixation photocatalysts.
Effects of Polyester Fibers and Car Tire Particles on Freshwater Invertebrates
Authors: Schell Theresa , Martinez-Perez Sara , Dafouz Raquel , Hurley Rachel , Vighi Marco , Rico Andreu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Microplastic ingestion has been shown for various organisms, but knowledge of the potential adverse effects on freshwater invertebrates remains limited. We assessed the ingestion capacity and the associated effects of polyester fibers (26–5761 µm) and car tire particles (25–75 µm) on freshwater invertebrates under acute and chronic exposure conditions. A range of microplastic concentrations was tested on Daphnia magna, Hyalella azteca, Asellus aquaticus, and Lumbriculus variegatus using water only (up to 0.15 g/L) or spiked sediment (up to 2 g/kg dry wt), depending on the habitat of the species. Daphnia magna did not ingest any fibers, but low levels of fibers were ingested by all tested benthic invertebrate species. Car tire particle ingestion rose with increasing exposure concentration for all tested invertebrates and was highest in D. magna and L. variegatus. In most cases, no statistically significant effects on mobility, survival, or reproductive output were observed after acute and chronic exposure at the tested concentrations. However, fibers affected the reproduction and survival of D. magna (no-observed-effect concentration [NOEC]: 0.15 mg/L) due to entanglement and limited mobility under chronic conditions. Car tire particles affected the reproduction (NOEC: 1.5 mg/L) and survival (NOEC: 0.15 mg/L) of D. magna after chronic exposure at concentrations in the same order of magnitude as modeled river water concentrations, suggesting that refined exposure and effect studies should be performed with these microplastics. Our results confirm that microplastic ingestion by freshwater invertebrates depends on particle shape and size and that ingestion quantity depends on the exposure pathway and the feeding strategy of the test organism. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1555–1567. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Convenient synthesis of 8‐aryl‐6‐aryl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline‐5,7‐dicarbonitriles via a cascade Michael/cyclization reaction
Authors: Wang Dao‐Cai , Chen Xi‐Xia , Guo Xiao‐Qian , Zhu Xi‐Qiang , Liu Xiao‐Peng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA convenient and straightforward cascade Michael/cyclization reaction of 1‐alkylpiperidin‐4‐ones, acyl acetonitriles, and aldehydes was proposed for the construction of significant 8‐aryl‐6‐aryl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline‐5,7‐dicarbonitriles promoted by DBU, and various 8‐aryl‐6‐aryl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline‐5,7‐dicarbonitrile derivatives were produced in medium to high yields. The methodology features a simple operation process, accessible raw material, and high atomic economy.
Adaptive design of dual excitation ultra‐low wavenumber Raman spectroscopy system
Authors: Garg Diksha , Singh Khushboo , Bandyopadhyay Aparajita , Sengupta Amartya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUltra‐low wavenumber or ultra‐low frequency (ULF) Raman spectroscopy using holographic optics is an emerging technique to obtain spectral signatures of chemicals in low energy corresponding to their phases, crystallinity, isomerism, and environmental conditions such as temperature. Commercial turn‐key systems employ mechanical turrets and other such optomechanical moving elements to accommodate multiple laser excitations, which are incident normally on the sample, and the Raman signal is collected in a 180° backscattering configuration. Here, we have developed a system consisting of two single‐longitudinal mode (SLM) lasers and a single‐stage spectrometer. Selected notch filters were based on the volume holographic grating technology providing output beam at a certain angle, which facilitates the possibility of different angles of incidence of the excitation laser on the sample. This adaptive ULF Raman system, therefore, is not only able to acquire high‐quality low‐wavenumber spectral fingerprints of various chemicals but can also be easily reconfigured for differential spectral studies.
Information scarcity among otolaryngology applicants: A review of the largest database of programs
Authors: Roychowdhury Prithwijit , Wu Matthew James , Kozin Elliott Davin , Remenschneider Aaron Kyle , Gray Stacey Tutt 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveOtolaryngology residency applicants face challenges finding accurate information about training programs. Social media platforms are not verified, and official training program websites are not standardized. Currently, the American Medical Association's Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (FREIDA) is the most comprehensive sanctioned and verified otolaryngology residency program database. However, the exact amount of information shared by individual programs included is not presently known.MethodsHerein, we analyzed the available data on all 124 otolaryngology residency programs in FREIDA to assess the completeness of the database.ResultsWhile every program listed an address, contact email, and the name of the program director, more than half of programs (n = 65, 52.4%) did not provide additional information. Most programs (70.2%) did not include a one‐paragraph program description.ConclusionOur findings suggest that while FREIDA is the only sanctioned online database for residency programs, it is inadequately populated with detailed program information.Level of EvidenceN/A
Least squares Hermitian problem of a kind of quaternion tensor equation
Authors: Jiang Hua , Yuan Shi‐Fang , Cao Yu‐Zhe 
Published: March 2022

Yuan and Liao [S.F. Yuan, A.P. Liao, Least squares Hermitian solution of the complex matrix equation
with the least norm. J. Frankl. Inst. 351 (2014), 4978‐4997] gave a new product for complex matrices and vectors and obtained the least squares Hermitian solution with the least norm of complex matrix equation
. In this paper, we generalize the product of complex matrices and vectors to quaternion tensors and vectors and consider the least squares Hermitian problem of quaternion tensor equation
, where the symbol
is the Einstein product of two tensors. Our main work is to derive the explicit expression of least squares Hermitian solution with the least norm and numerical algorithm to obtain the solution. We also provide numerical examples to justify the feasibility of our algorithm.
Factors associated with dislocation after bipolar hemiarthroplasty through an (antero-)lateral approach in elderly patients with a femoral neck fracture: a retrospective cohort study with a nested case–control subanalysis of radiographic parameters
Authors: Fakler Johannes Karl Maria , Rositzka Markus , Schopow Nicolas , Roth Andreas , Zajonz Dirk , Ghanem Mohamed , Kleber Christian , Osterhoff Georg 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Dislocations of hip hemiarthroplasty (HHA) are serious complications. The aim of the study was to identify clinical aspects and radiographic parameters of the hip that put patients at risk for dislocation after HHA for femoral neck fractures.

Methods
This retrospective analysis included elderly patients with a femoral neck fracture treated with a HHA. A lateral (90.7%) and an anterolateral (9.3%) approach was applied. On pelvic radiographs, a nested-controlled analysis was performed. Two control patients were matched to one patient suffering a dislocation with respect to age, sex, and body-mass-index (BMI).

Results
In 527 HHA, 10 dislocations (1.9%) were identified. In the dislocation group (DG), all patients were female (100% vs. 73.5%, p = 0.071). No significant differences between the DG and the control group (CG) were found with respect to age, body-mass-index (BMI), ASA Score, routine laboratory parameters, and comorbidity. Radiographic analysis revealed a smaller center edge angle (CEA, 39.0, IQR 33.0–42.5 vs. 43.0, IQR 41.0–46.0, p = 0.013), a more varus neck-shaft angle (NSA, 130.0, IQR 125.8–133.5 vs. 135.0, IQR 134.0–137.0, p = 0.011) of the contralateral side and a higher femoral head extrusion index (FHEI) in the DG (FHEI, 11.5, IQR 9.8–16.3 vs. 2.0 IQR 0.0–9.0, p = 0.003). In addition, a greater trochanteric fracture was associated with an increased likelihood for HHA dislocations (30.0% vs 6.0%, p = 0.022).

Conclusion
A smaller radiographic center edge angle, a more varus neck-shaft angle of the contralateral side, a higher femoral head extrusion index and intraoperative fractures of the greater trochanter are associated with an increased risk of HHA dislocation.
Machine learning in the detection and management of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Wegner Felix K. , Plagwitz Lucas , Doldi Florian , Ellermann Christian , Willy Kevin , Wolfes Julian , Sandmann Sarah , Varghese Julian , Eckardt Lars 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMachine learning has immense novel but also disruptive potential for medicine. Numerous applications have already been suggested and evaluated concerning cardiovascular diseases. One important aspect is the detection and management of potentially thrombogenic arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation. While atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia with a lifetime risk of one in three persons and an increased risk of thromboembolic complications such as stroke, many atrial fibrillation episodes are asymptomatic and a first diagnosis is oftentimes only reached after an embolic event. Therefore, screening for atrial fibrillation represents an important part of clinical practice. Novel technologies such as machine learning have the potential to substantially improve patient care and clinical outcomes. Additionally, machine learning applications may aid cardiologists in the management of patients with already diagnosed atrial fibrillation, for example, by identifying patients at a high risk of recurrence after catheter ablation. We summarize the current state of evidence concerning machine learning and, in particular, artificial neural networks in the detection and management of atrial fibrillation and describe possible future areas of development as well as pitfalls.
Graphical abstract
Typical data flow in machine learning applications for atrial fibrillation detection.
The health advantage of volunteering is larger for older and less healthy volunteers in Europe: a mega-analysis
Authors: de Wit Arjen , Qu Heng , Bekkers René 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere is a vast literature on the health benefits associated with volunteering for volunteers. Such health advantages are likely to vary across groups of volunteers with different characteristics. The current paper aims to examine the health advantages of volunteering for European volunteers and explore heterogeneity in the association between volunteering and health. We carry out a mega-analysis on microdata from six panel surveys, covering 952,026 observations from 267,212 respondents in 22 European countries. We provide open access to the code we developed for data harmonization. We use ordinary least squares, fixed effects, first difference, and fixed effect quantile regressions to estimate how volunteering activities and changes therein are related to self-rated health for different groups. Our results indicate a small but consistently positive association between changes in volunteering and changes in health within individuals. This association is stronger for older adults. For respondents 60 years and older, within-person changes in volunteering are significantly related to changes in self-rated health. Additionally, the health advantage of volunteering is larger for respondents in worse health. The advantage is largest at the lowest decile and gradually declines along the health distribution. The magnitude of the association at the first decile is about twice the magnitude of the association at the ninth decile. These results suggest that volunteering may be more beneficial for the health of specific groups in society. With small health advantages from year to year, volunteering may protect older and less healthy adults from health decline in the long run.
Making Sense of ‘Mastery’: Understandings of a Policy Term Among a Sample of Teachers in England
Authors: Simpson Adrian , Wang Yuqian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper considers the term ‘mastery’ as used in mathematics education across different times and locations. A case study from England is offered to show how these pedagogical approaches morph as they move from one territory to another, in the context of each territory’s history. The paper first examines English policy documents, research and published curricula for their use of the term. This suggests that ‘mastery’ in England has become associated with mathematics teaching practices used in high-performing territories such as Singapore and Shanghai (China). But, the efforts to transport approaches predominately from East Asian sources, against the background of an existing Western set of meanings for the term, have led to considerable inconsistency in interpretations and definitions of the ‘mastery approach’. A subsequent case study of eight teachers involved in developing mastery approaches in England explores how they make sense of ‘mastery’ in the context of these inconsistent messages. We suggest that this generates challenges for teachers tasked with implementing mastery approaches, with the danger that anything can be done in the name of mastery.