bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of prognostic scores for inpatients with COVID-19: a retrospective monocentric cohort study
Authors: Martin Jeremy , Gaudet-Blavignac Christophe , Lovis Christian , Stirnemann Jérôme , Grosgurin Olivier , Leidi Antonio , Gayet-Ageron Angèle , Iten Anne , Carballo Sebastian , Reny Jean-Luc , Darbellay-Fahroumand Pauline , Berner Amandine , Marti Christophe 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic led to a steep increase in hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions for acute respiratory failure worldwide. Early identification of patients at risk of clinical deterioration is crucial in terms of appropriate care delivery and resource allocation. We aimed to evaluate and compare the prognostic performance of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA), Confusion, Uraemia, Respiratory Rate, Blood Pressure and Age ≥65 (CURB-65), Respiratory Rate and Oxygenation (ROX) index and Coronavirus Clinical Characterisation Consortium (4C) score to predict death and ICU admission among patients admitted to the hospital for acute COVID-19 infection.Methods and analysisConsecutive adult patients admitted to the Geneva University Hospitals during two successive COVID-19 flares in spring and autumn 2020 were included. Discriminative performance of these prediction rules, obtained during the first 24 hours of hospital admission, were computed to predict death or ICU admission. We further exluded patients with therapeutic limitations and reported areas under the curve (AUCs) for 30-day mortality and ICU admission in sensitivity analyses.ResultsA total of 2122 patients were included. 216 patients (10.2%) required ICU admission and 303 (14.3%) died within 30 days post admission. 4C score had the best discriminatory performance to predict 30-day mortality (AUC 0.82, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.85), compared with SOFA (AUC 0.75, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.78), qSOFA (AUC 0.59, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.62), CURB-65 (AUC 0.75, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.78) and ROX index (AUC 0.68, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.72). ROX index had the greatest discriminatory performance (AUC 0.79, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.83) to predict ICU admission compared with 4C score (AUC 0.62, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.66), CURB-65 (AUC 0.60, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.64), SOFA (AUC 0.74, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.77) and qSOFA (AUC 0.59, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.62).ConclusionScores including age and/or comorbidities (4C and CURB-65) have the best discriminatory performance to predict mortality among inpatients with COVID-19, while scores including quantitative assessment of hypoxaemia (SOFA and ROX index) perform best to predict ICU admission. Exclusion of patients with therapeutic limitations improved the discriminatory performance of prognostic scores relying on age and/or comorbidities to predict ICU admission.
MRM2variants in families with complex dystonic syndromes: evidence for phenotypic heterogeneity
Authors: Shafique Anum , Arif Beenish , Chu Mary Lynn , Moran Ellen , Hussain Tooba , Zamora Francisca Millan , Wohler Elizabeth , Sobreira Nara , Klein Christine , Lohmann Katja , Naz Sadaf 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundDystonia involves repetitive movements and muscle contractions leading to abnormal postures. We investigated patients in two families, DYAF11 and M, exhibiting dystonic or involuntary movement disorders.MethodsClinical investigations were performed for all patients. Genetic analyses included genome-wide linkage analysis and exome sequencing followed by Sanger sequencing validation.MRM2-specific transcripts were analysed from participants’ blood samples in Family DYAF11 after cloning of gene-specific cDNA.ResultsFour affected siblings in Family DYAF11 had progressive dystonic features. Two patients in Family M exhibited a neurodevelopmental disorder accompanied by involuntary movements. In Family DYAF11, linkage was detected to the telomere at chromosome 7p22.3, spanning <2 Mb. Exome sequencing identified a donor splice-site variant, c.8+1G>T inMRM2,which segregated with the phenotype, corresponding to the linkage data since all affected individuals were homozygous while the obligate unaffected carriers were heterozygous for the variant. In theMRM2c.8+1G>T allele, an aberrant alternative acceptor splice-site located within exon 2 was used in a subset of the transcripts, creating a frameshift in the open reading frame. Exome sequencing in Family M revealed a rare missense variant c.242C>T, p.(Ala81Val), which affected a conserved amino acid.ConclusionsOur results expand the clinical and allelic spectrum ofMRM2variants. Previously, these descriptions were based on observations in a single patient, diagnosed with mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 17, in whom movement disorder was accompanied by recurrent strokes and epilepsy. We also demonstrate a subset of correctly spliced tt-agMRM2transcripts, raising the possibility to develop treatment by understanding the disease mechanism.
Regional implications of the tobacco value chain in Paraguay
Authors: Masi Fernando , Rodriguez-Iglesias German , Drope Jeffrey 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundParaguay is a major supplier of illicit cigarettes for the Latin American region and beyond. In July 2022, Paraguay ratified the FCTC Protocol. This is an opportunity and a challenge for neighboring countries to implement coordinated actions. This is the first analysis of the foreign trade data for cigarettes and their inputs using Paraguayan data to contextualise the illicit trade problem in Latin America and globally.MethodsCombining publicly available Paraguayan databases, this research constructs a database to analyse imported cigarette inputs, particularly by identifying the companies and their national origins.ResultsA complex multinational supply chain perpetuates a flow of inputs into Paraguay that contributes to the production and export of illicit tobacco products. Brazil is a relevant legal supplier of intermediate goods for the Paraguayan tobacco industry yet is not a significant destination of the legal exports of cigarettes produced in Paraguay. Yet, Paraguayan cigarettes are widely available in the Brazilian market, almost all of them illicit. Trade data also show the role of other countries in the region as major cigarette input exporters to Paraguay. Evidence also supports that high volumes of legal exports from Paraguay to third countries (including Bolivia, Suriname, Aruba and Curacao) may be fuelling illicit trade through triangulation to other countries.ConclusionsThe oversupply—that is, more supply than necessary for domestic consumption and legal exports—of cigarette inputs likely divert illegally back to the countries exporting these inputs and others. Thus, the responsibility for illicit trade in cigarettes falls not only on Paraguayan companies but also on companies exporting inputs to Paraguay to producing these illicit goods. Furthermore, Paraguay is not only exporting illicitly directly to Brazil and Argentina, but also appears to oversupply other countries in South America and the Caribbean that cannot legally absorb this trade through domestic consumption and/or legal re-export.
$$M_W$$ helps select $$Z^\prime $$ models for $$b\rightarrow s \ell \ell $$ anomalies
Authors: Allanach Ben , Davighi Joe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAs shown in Allanach et al. (Global fits of third family hypercharge models to neutral current B-anomalies and electroweak precision observables. arXiv:2103.12056), the Third Family Hypercharge ($$Y_3$$

Y
3

) Model changes the Standard Model prediction for $$M_W$$

M
W

whilst simultaneously explaining anomalies in $$b\rightarrow s\ell \ell $$

b
→
s
ℓ
ℓ

transitions via a heavy $$Z^\prime $$

Z
′

gauge boson which is spawned by a spontaneously broken gauged $$U(1)_{Y_3}$$

U

(
1
)

Y
3

symmetry. The 2022 CDF II measurement of $$M_W$$

M
W

, which is far from the Standard Model prediction in the statistical sense, somewhat disfavours the $$Y_3$$

Y
3

model. Here, we generalise the gauge charge assignments to the anomaly-free combination $$s Y_3 + t (B_3-L_3)$$

s

Y
3

+
t

(

B
3

-

L
3

)

and show that incorporating the 2022 CDF II measurement of $$M_W$$

M
W

selects a viable domain of integers s and t. For example, $$s=1, t=-3$$

s
=
1
,
t
=
-
3

yields a p value of .08 in a two-parameter global fit to 277 electroweak and flavour changing b data, much improving a SM p value of $$1\times 10^{-6}$$

1
×

10

-
6

.
Color dipole cross section in the DGLAP improved saturation model
Authors: Boroun G. R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe show that the geometric scaling of the dipole cross section can be explained using standard DGLAP perturbative evolution. The DGLAP-improved saturation model due to the Laplace transform method is considered at LO and NNLO approximations from the experimental data by relying on a Froissart-bounded parametrization of $$F_{2}(x,Q^{2})$$

F
2

(
x
,

Q
2

)

. These results are comparable with the Golec-Biernat–W$$\ddot{\mathrm {u}}$$

u
¨

sthoff (GBW) model in a wide kinematic region $$rQ_{s}$$

r

Q
s

which takes into account charm mass. The successful description of $${\sigma }_{\mathrm {dip}}(x,r)/\sigma _{0}$$

σ
dip

(
x
,
r
)

/

σ
0

and $${\sigma }_{\mathrm {dip}}(rQ_{s})/\sigma _{0}$$

σ
dip

(
r

Q
s

)

/

σ
0

are presented.
Reconstruction of missing resonances combining nearest neighbors regressors and neural network classifiers
Authors: Alves Alexandre , Yamaguchi C. H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNeutrinos, dark matter, and long-lived neutral particles traverse the particle detectors unnoticed, carrying away information about their parent particles and interaction sources needed to reconstruct key variables like resonance peaks in invariant mass distributions. In this work, we show that ak-nearest neighbors regressor algorithm combined with deep neural network classifiers, akNNNN, is able to accurately recover binned distributions of the fully leptonicWWmass of a new heavy Higgs boson and its Standard Model backgrounds from the observable detector level information at disposal. The output of the regressor can be used to train even stronger classifiers to separate signals and backgrounds in the fully leptonic case and guarantee the selection of on-mass-shell Higgs bosons with enhanced statistical significance. The method assumes previous knowledge of the event classes and model parameters, thus suitable for post-discovery studies.
Erratum to: A theoretical analysis of the semileptonic decays $$\eta ^{(\prime )}\rightarrow \pi ^0l^+l^-$$ and $$\eta ^\prime \rightarrow \eta l^+l^-$$
Authors: Escribano Rafel , Royo Emilio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis erratum corrects Eqs. (6) and (15), Table 1, and Fig. 2 of the original article. An additional footnote is added at the end of the first paragraph in Section III. Finally, the paragraph discussing the use of the energy-dependent width for the $$\rho ^0$$

ρ
0

propagator is modified.
Virus models in complex frameworks: Towards modeling space patterns of SARS-CoV-2 epidemics
Authors: Burini D. , Chouhad N. 
Published: August 2022

This paper deals with the micro–macro-derivation of virus models coupled with a reaction–diffusion system that generates the dynamics in space of the virus particles. The first part of the presentation focuses, starting from [N. Bellomo, K. Painter, Y. Tao and M. Winkler, Occurrence versus absence of taxis-driven instabilities in a May–Nowak model for virus infection, SIAM J. Appl. Math. 79 (2019) 1990–2010; N. Bellomo and Y. Tao, Stabilization in a chemotaxis model for virus infection, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. S 13 (2020) 105–117], on a survey and a critical analysis of some phenomenological models known in the literature. The second part shows how a Hilbert type can be developed to derive models at the macro-scale from the underlying description delivered by the kinetic theory of active particles. The third part deals with the derivation of macroscopic models of various virus models coupled with the reaction–diffusion systems. Then, a forward look to research perspectives is proposed.
Direct complements almost unique
Authors: Ibrahim Yasser , Yousif Mohamed 
Published: August 2022

Direct complements in a right [Formula: see text]-module [Formula: see text] are said to be almost unique if, whenever [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text] (also [Formula: see text], by symmetry). We will show that this new class of modules lies strictly between the dual-square-free and the summand-dual-square-free modules. While it is an open question whether right quasi-duo (equivalently, right dual-square-free) rings are left-right symmetric, we will prove that both notions “summand-dual-square-free” and “direct complements almost unique” are left-right symmetric. Furthermore, we will show that direct complements in a module [Formula: see text] are almost unique iff idempotents in [Formula: see text] are central modulo [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text]. As an immediate consequence, if [Formula: see text] is an epi-projective module, then direct complements in [Formula: see text] are almost unique iff [Formula: see text] is strongly perspective (i.e. if [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are isomorphic direct summands of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text]. In particular, direct complements in a ring [Formula: see text] are almost unique iff [Formula: see text] is strongly perspective. Moreover, if [Formula: see text] is a module with the finite exchange whose direct complements are almost unique, then [Formula: see text] is clean, strongly perspective, and satisfy the full exchange.
Synthesis of CuO NRs Using a Double Hydrothermal Method for a Highly Efficient Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor
Authors: Jasim Haneen Ali , Dakhil Osama Abdul Azeez 
Published: August 2022

CuO NRs electrodes as nonenzymatic glucose sensors were successfully synthesized using a simple low-cost, high-benefit (double hydrothermal method) on indium tin oxide glass CuO/ITO with different concentrations. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy–dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and investigations were used to confirm the nanostructures. XRD patterns of CuO explained all of the peaks may be attributed to CuO’s monoclinic phase. FE-SEM presented nano rod-like shapes with a diameter range of 20–100[Formula: see text]nm and was found to be uniformly and vertically grown on the ITO substrate. Besides, the energy gap of the CuO NRs was expanded to 3.3[Formula: see text]eV, 3.1[Formula: see text]eV and 3[Formula: see text]eV, respectively. CuO NRs displayed the high activity of glucose sensing, with a sensitivity of (5805.7, 7365.7 and 994.8) [Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]Mm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] with LOD (0.44, 0.4 and 0.35) [Formula: see text]A, respectively. These results indicate that the sensor has a lot of potential for becoming a high-performance nonenzymatic glucose sensor with a simple, low-cost, and unique sensor design.
Small Airway Dysfunction in Chronic Bronchitis with Preserved Pulmonary Function
Authors: Ding Qi , Mi Bai-Bing , Wei Xia , Li Jie , Mi Jiu-Yun , Ren Jing-Ting , Li Rui-Li 
Published: August 2022

Impairment of pulmonary function was evaluated in chronic bronchitis patients with preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm). We retrospectively collected clinical data from 157 chronic bronchitis (CB) and 186 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients between October 2014 and September 2017. These patients were assigned to three groups: control (normal pulmonary function), PRISm (forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1]/forced vital capacity [FVC] ≥ 0.7, FEV1 < 80% of predicted value), and COPD (FEV1/FVC <0.7) groups. Because small airway function was the main focus, in the COPD group, only patients in accordance with the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) grades 1 and 2 were included. Evaluation of pulmonary function (including impulse oscillometry) was performed and compared among these groups. Compared with the control group, the PRISm and COPD groups showed statistically significant differences in the predicted FEV1%

p
<
0.001

, maximal expiratory flow (MEF) 25%

p
<
0.001

, MEF50%

p
<
0.001

, maximal midexpiratory flow (MMEF) 25–75%

p
<
0.001

, residual volume (RV)/total lung capacity (TLC;

p
<
0.001

), FVC%

p
<
0.001

, total respiratory resistance and proximal respiratory resistance (R5-R20;

p
<
0.001

), respiratory system reactance at 5 Hz (X5;

p
<
0.001

), resonant frequency (Fres;

p
<
0.001

), and area of reactance (Ax;

p
<
0.001

). However, the predicted FEV1% and RV/TLC were similar between the PRISm and COPD groups (

p
=
0.992

and 0.122, respectively). PRISm is a nonspecific pattern of pulmonary function that indicates small airway dysfunction and may increase the risk of transformation to obstructive ventilation dysfunction. This trial is registered with ChiCTR-OCH-14004904.
Frequency of Arrhythmias and Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome in Patients With Marfan Syndrome: A Nationwide Inpatient Study
Authors: Wafa Syed Emir Irfan , Chahal C. Anwar A. , Sawatari Hiroyuki , Khanji Mohammed Y. , Khan Hassan , Asatryan Babken , Ahmed Raheel , Deshpande Saurabh , Providencia Rui , Deshmukh Abhishek , Owens Anjali Tiku , Somers Virend K. , Padmanabhan Deepak , Connolly Heidi 
Published: August 2022

Background
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder affecting multiple systems, particularly the cardiovascular system. The leading causes of death in MFS are aortopathies and valvular disease. We wanted to identify the frequency of arrhythmia and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, length of hospital stay, health care–associated costs (HAC), and in‐hospital mortality in patients with MFS.

Methods and Results

The National Inpatient Sample database from 2005 to 2014 was queried using
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification
(
ICD‐9‐CM
) codes for MFS and arrhythmias. Patients were classified into subgroups: supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia (VT), atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and without any type of arrhythmia. Data about length of stay, HAC, and in‐hospital mortality were also abstracted from National Inpatient Sample database. Adjusted HAC was calculated as multiplying HAC and cost‐to‐charge ratio; 12 079 MFS hospitalizations were identified; 1893 patients (15.7%) had an arrhythmia; and 4.9% of the patients had postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Median values of length of stay and adjusted HAC in VT group were the highest among the groups (VT: 6 days, $18 975.8; supraventricular tachycardia: 4 days, $11 906.6; atrial flutter: 4 days, $11 274.5; atrial fibrillation: 5 days, $10431.4; without any type of arrhythmia: 4 days, $8336.6; both
P
=0.0001). VT group had highest in‐patient mortality (VT: 5.3%, atrial fibrillation: 4.1%, without any type of arrhythmia: 2.1%, atrial flutter: 1.7%, supraventricular tachycardia: 0%;
P
<0.0001) even after adjustment for potential confounders (without any type of arrhythmia versus VT; odds ratio [95% CI]: 3.18 [1.62–6.24],
P
=0.001).

Conclusions
Arrhythmias and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome in MFS were high and associated with increased length of stay, HAC, and in‐hospital mortality especially in patients with VT.
Religiosity/Spirituality and Cardiovascular Health: The American Heart Association Life's Simple 7 in African Americans of the Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Brewer LaPrincess C. , Bowie Janice , Slusser Joshua P. , Scott Christopher G. , Cooper Lisa A. , Hayes Sharonne N. , Patten Christi A. , Sims Mario 
Published: August 2022

Background
Religiosity/spirituality is a major coping mechanism for African Americans, but no prior studies have analyzed its association with the American Heart Association Life's Simple 7 (LS7) indicators in this group.

Methods and Results
This cross‐sectional study using Jackson Heart Study (JHS) data examined relationships between religiosity (religious attendance, private prayer, religious coping) and spirituality (theistic, nontheistic, total) with LS7 individual components (eg, physical activity, diet, smoking, blood pressure) and composite score among African Americans. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the odds of achieving intermediate/ideal (versus poor) LS7 levels adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioral, and biomedical factors. Among the 2967 participants (mean [SD] age=54.0 [12.3] years; 65.7% women), higher religious attendance was associated with increased likelihood (reported as odds ratio [95% CI]) of achieving intermediate/ideal levels of physical activity (1.16 [1.06–1.26]), diet (1.10 [1.01–1.20]), smoking (1.50 [1.34–1.68]), blood pressure (1.12 [1.01–1.24]), and LS7 composite score (1.15 [1.06–1.26]). Private prayer was associated with increased odds of achieving intermediate/ideal levels for diet (1.12 [1.03–1.22]) and smoking (1.24 [1.12–1.39]). Religious coping was associated with increased odds of achieving intermediate/ideal levels of physical activity (1.18 [1.08–1.28]), diet (1.10 [1.01–1.20]), smoking (1.32 [1.18–1.48]), and LS7 composite score (1.14 [1.04–1.24]). Total spirituality was associated with increased odds of achieving intermediate/ideal levels of physical activity (1.11 [1.02–1.21]) and smoking (1.36 [1.21–1.53]).

Conclusions
Higher levels of religiosity/spirituality were associated with intermediate/ideal cardiovascular health across multiple LS7 indicators. Reinforcement of religiosity/spirituality in lifestyle interventions may decrease overall cardiovascular disease risk among African Americans.
Clinical Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Bifurcation Lesions According to Medina Classification
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed O. , Lamellas Pablo , Roguin Ariel , Oemrawsingh Rohit M. , Ijsselmuiden Alexander J. J. , Routledge Helen , van Leeuwen Frank , Debrus Roxane , Roffi Marco , Mamas Mamas A. ,   the e‐Ultimaster investigators
Published: August 2022

Background
Coronary bifurcation lesions (CBLs) are frequently encountered in clinical practice and are associated with worse outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention. However, there are limited data around the prognostic impact of different CBL distributions.

Methods and Results
All CBL percutaneous coronary intervention procedures from the prospective e‐Ultimaster (Prospective, Single‐Arm, Multi Centre Observations Ultimaster Des Registry) multicenter international registry were analyzed according to CBL distribution as defined by the Medina classification. Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare the hazard ratio (HR) of the primary outcome, 1‐year target lesion failure (composite of cardiac death, target vessel–related myocardial infarction, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization), and its individual components between Medina subtypes using Medina 1.0.0 as the reference category. A total of 4003 CBL procedures were included. The most prevalent Medina subtypes were 1.1.1 (35.5%) and 1.1.0 (26.8%), whereas the least prevalent was 0.0.1 (3.5%). Overall, there were no significant differences in patient and procedural characteristics among Medina subtypes. Only Medina 1.1.1 and 0.0.1 subtypes were associated with increased target lesion failure (HR, 2.6 [95% CI, 1.3–5.5] and HR, 4.0 [95% CI, 1.6–9.0], respectively) at 1 year, compared with Medina 1.0.0, prompted by clinically driven target lesion revascularization (HR, 3.1 [95% CI, 1.1–8.6] and HR, 4.6 [95% CI, 1.3–16.0], respectively) as well as cardiac death in Medina 0.0.1 (HR, 4.7 [95% CI, 1.0–21.6]). No differences in secondary outcomes were observed between Medina subtypes.

Conclusions
In a large multicenter registry analysis of coronary bifurcation percutaneous coronary intervention procedures, we demonstrate prognostic differences in 1‐year outcomes between different CBL distributions, with Medina 1.1.1 and 0.0.1 subtypes associated with an increased risk of target lesion failure.