bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health promotion in an Australian Aboriginal community: the Growing Strong Brains® toolkit
Authors: Simpson Wendy , Robinson Darlene , Bennett Elaine , Strange Cecily , Banham Vicki , Allen Jenny , Marriott Rhonda 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Aim:
The aim of this paper is to describe the implementation and evaluation of the Growing Strong Brains® (GSB) toolkit in a remote Aboriginal community in Western Australia (WA) over a 2-year period, 2018–2019.

Background:
Ngala, a community service organisation in WA, developed the GSB toolkit in 2014, a culturally appropriate and interactive resource to build knowledge of early childhood development within Aboriginal communities. This was in response to evidence that a higher percentage of children in Aboriginal communities were developmentally vulnerable compared to the rest of the population. The GSB toolkit promotes awareness and understanding of early brain development pre-birth and in the early years of a child’s life.

Methods:
The project was underpinned by participatory action research (PAR). Reflective PAR review cycles (n = 5) monitored local community engagement, navigated challenges and utilised community strengths. Fifty-nine local service providers attended a 2-day formal training. Data were collected by using various methods throughout the project, including feedback following training, focus groups, surveys, one-on-one interviews using yarning techniques and reflective feedback from the Project Lead.

Findings:
Establishing local Aboriginal project staff was pivotal to the success of the project. When delivering services for and with Aboriginal people, it is essential that cultural competence, safety and decision-making is carried through from planning to implementation and evaluation, and involves genuine, respectful and authentic relationships. Sufficient time allocation directed towards building relationships with other service providers and local community members needs to be considered and built into future projects.
The Growing Strong Brains® project is embedded within the local community, and anticipated implementation outcomes were achieved. The support of the local people and service providers was beyond expectation, enabling the building of local capacity, and the development of a common understanding of the key messages from the GSB toolkit to allow integration throughout all levels of the community. This project has been important to build on the strategies necessary to introduce, implement and evaluate the GSB toolkit in other remote Aboriginal communities.
The Index to Foreign Legal Periodicals: an Essential Tool for Researchers and Practitioners
Authors: Rowlett Kristen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Index to Foreign Legal Periodicals is an essential tool for locating credible secondary sources on foreign, comparative, and international law topics in multiple languages. This article, by Kristen Rowlett, gives a brief overview of the history of the Index. Then, the article explores the Index's search functionally and the importance of the humans behind the Index. Finally, the article previews future enhancements for the Index.
DeviceD: Audience–dancer interaction via social media posts and wearable for haptic feedback
Authors: Moriaty Manoli , Sykes Lucie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The performative installation DeviceD utilizes a network of systems toward facilitating interaction between dancer, digital media, and audience. Central to the work is a wearable haptic feedback system able to wirelessly deliver vibrotactile stimuli, with the latter initiated by the audience through posting on Twitter social media platform; the system in use searches for specific mentions, hashtags, and keywords, with positive results causing the system to trigger patterns of haptic biofeedback across the wearable’s four actuator motors. The system acts as the intermediator between the audience’s online actions and the dancer receiving physical stimuli; the dancer interprets these biofeedback signals according to Laban’s Effort movement qualities, with the interpretation informing different states of habitual and conscious choreographic performance. In this article, the authors reflect on their collaborative process while developing DeviceD alongside a multidisciplinary team of technologists, detailing their experience of refining the technology and methodology behind the work while presenting it in three different settings. A literature review is used to situate the work among contemporary research on interaction over internet and haptics in performance practice; haptic feedback devices have been widely used within artistic work for the past 25 years, with more recent practice and research outputs suggesting an increased interest for haptics in the field of dance research. The authors detail both technological and performative elements making up the work, and provide a transparent evaluation of the system, as means of providing a foundation for further research on wearable haptic devices.
Frontal Dynamics in the Alboran Sea: 2. Processes for Vertical Velocities Development
Authors: Garcia‐Jove Maximo , Mourre Baptiste , Zarokanellos Nikolaos D. , Lermusiaux Pierre F. J. , Rudnick Daniel L. , Tintoré Joaquín 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSignificant lateral density gradients occur throughout the year in the Alboran Sea, giving rise to two main fronts: the Western Alboran Gyre Front (WAGF) and Eastern Alboran Gyre Front (EAGF), where large vertical velocities often develop. To improve the understanding of the processes that underlie the development of the vertical velocities in the fronts, the periods of development were analyzed in the perspective of the frontogenesis, instabilities, non‐linear Ekman, and filamentogenesis mechanisms, using multi‐platform in‐situ observations and a high‐resolution realistic simulation in spring 2018. The spatio‐temporal characteristics of the WAGF indicate a wider, deeper, and longer‐lasting front than the EAGF. Additionally, the WAGF shows stronger and deeper upwelling and downwelling regions. The WAGF vertical velocities (up to |55| m/day) are amplified by an across‐front ageostrophic secondary circulation generated by: (a) frontal intensification explained by frontogenesis, which shows a sharpening of buoyancy gradients associated with the Atlantic Jet, (b) nonlinear Ekman effects, that are enhanced by the persistent western wind blowing along the frontal direction, and (c) submesoscale instabilities (symmetric and ageostrophic baroclinic instabilities). The EAGF vertical velocities (up to |38| m/day) are amplified by two asymmetrical ageostrophic cells developed across the front with a narrow upwelling region in the middle. The cell's circulation is explained by frontal intensification produced by filamentogenesis through a cold filament advection to the Mediterranean Sea interior, that is characterized by pointy isopycnals at the center of the filament. This mechanism is observed in both the model and glider observations.
Sediment Transport on a Sand Bed With Dunes: Deformation and Translation Fluxes
Authors: Terwisscha van Scheltinga R. C. , Coco G. , Kleinhans M. G. , Friedrich H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAs dunes move along the riverbed, they change in size, shape, and arrangement. This involves sediment fluxes on top of the net downstream motion of the dune field, but how much dune dynamics affect total sediment flux remains unclear. In this study, we obtain high‐resolution and high‐frequency digital elevation models of migrating submerged dunes in the laboratory. We use the measurements to identify three‐dimensional dune sediment fluxes and characterize dune interaction processes. We show how variations in dune migration lead to flux variations. Varying bed and water surface slopes and time‐varying sizes and shapes of dunes are imprinted in the observed flux variations, with a corresponding time lag. Feedback between bed morphology and water surface slope causes (some) dunes with high crests to lengthen into long dunes (of about twice the mean dune length), until a breakup of this dune into shorter dunes occurs, typically facilitated by merging of superposed bedforms until the primary dune splits. A large number of short dunes have high overall transport rates. Dune interaction causes patterns in the dune deformation flux. Dune splitting, defect creation and defect repulsion cause a peak in the deformation flux, whilst merging triggers a temporal increase of the total flux. Estimating the fluxes with spatially varying dune migration, and contributing fluxes to either deformation or translation processes continues to be a challenge, even for the detailed data set we have presented. Our analysis suggests that sediment transport variability over dune‐covered riverbeds is best described by considering the topography of multiple dunes.
Risk of cancer following primary care presentation with fatigue: a population-based cohort study of a quarter of a million patients
Authors: White Becky , Rafiq Meena , Gonzalez-Izquierdo Arturo , Hamilton Willie , Price Sarah , Lyratzopoulos Georgios 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The management of adults presenting with fatigue presents a diagnostic challenge, particularly regarding possible underlying cancer.

Methods
Using electronic health records, we examined cancer risk in patients presenting to primary care with new-onset fatigue in England during 2007–2013, compared to general population estimates. We examined variation by age, sex, deprivation, and time following presentation.

Findings
Of 250,606 patients presenting with fatigue, 12-month cancer risk exceeded 3% in men aged 65 and over and women aged 80 and over, and 6% in men aged 80 and over. Nearly half (47%) of cancers were diagnosed within 3 months from first fatigue presentation. Site-specific cancer risk was higher than the general population for most cancers studied, with greatest relative increases for leukaemia, pancreatic and brain cancers.

Conclusions
In older patients, new-onset fatigue is associated with cancer risk exceeding current thresholds for urgent specialist referral. Future research should consider how risk is modified by the presence or absence of other signs and symptoms. Excess cancer risk wanes rapidly after 3 months, which could inform the duration of a ‘safety-netting’ period. Fatigue presentation is not strongly predictive of any single cancer, although certain cancers are over-represented; this knowledge can help prioritise diagnostic strategies.
Two novel heterozygous variants in ATP1A3 cause movement disorders
Authors: Furukawa Shogo , Miyamoto Sachiko , Fukumura Shinobu , Kubota Kazuo , Taga Toshiaki , Nakashima Mitsuko , Saitsu Hirotomo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractVariants inATP1A3cause neuropsychiatric disorders, especially those characterized by movement disorders. In this study, we performed whole exome sequencing for two patients with movement disorders and identified two novel heterozygousATP1A3variants, a missense c.2408G>A variant and an indel c.2672_2688+10delinsCAG variant. The unique indel variant occurred at the exon-intron boundary at the 3′ end of exon 19, and mRNA analysis revealed that this variant caused in-frame indel alteration at the Ser891_Trp896 residue.
PIK3CA co-occurring mutations and copy-number gain in hormone receptor positive and HER2 negative breast cancer
Authors: Migliaccio Ilenia , Paoli Marta , Risi Emanuela , Biagioni Chiara , Biganzoli Laura , Benelli Matteo , Malorni Luca 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe aim to elucidate the prognostic value of PIK3CA mutations and copy number (CN) gain (PIK3CA-mut/gain) in hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative (HR + /HER2−) breast cancer (BC). We analyzed primary HR + /HER2− BC from three publicly available datasets comprising over 2000 samples and assessed the associations with tumoral and clinical characteristics and outcome. Clinical benefit (CB) in alpelisib-treated patients from two studies including 46 patients was analyzed. About 8–10% of HR + /HER2− primary BC had PIK3CA-mut/gain. In two of the datasets analyzed, among patients with PIK3CA mutant tumors, those with mut/gain had significantly worse outcome compared to those with CN neutral (PIK3CA-mut/neut) and PIK3CA-mut/gain remained an independent prognostic factor. CB of alpelisib-treated patients with PIK3CA-mut/gain and PIK3CA-mut/neut tumors was comparable. PIK3CA CN might help clarifying the prognostic and predictive role of PIK3CA mutations. Further studies are warranted.
Disease characterization in liquid biopsy from HER2-mutated, non-amplified metastatic breast cancer patients treated with neratinib
Authors: Shishido Stephanie N. , Masson Rahul , Xu Liya , Welter Lisa , Prabakar Rishvanth Kaliappan , D’ Souza Anishka , Spicer Darcy , Kang Irene , Jayachandran Priya , Hicks James , Lu Janice , Kuhn Peter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMetastatic breast cancer (mBC) patients have a high risk of progression and face poor prognosis overall, with about one third (34%) surviving five years or more. In rare instances (2–4% of cases) patients with mBC have ERBB2 (HER2) activating mutations but are ERBB2 non-amplified. Neratinib is a potent, irreversible inhibitor that binds HER2 and inhibits downstream signaling. We used the previously validated high-definition single cell assay (HDSCA) workflow to investigate the clinical significance of the liquid biopsy in ERBB2 mutant, non-amplified, post-menopausal mBC patients starting neratinib and fulvestrant combination therapy. Characterization with a comprehensive liquid biopsy methodology (HDSCA) included genomic analysis of both the cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and single circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to monitor tumor evolution and identify potential mutational variants unique to the patient’s clinical response. A limited series of five sequentially enrolled patients presented here were from the MutHER (https://www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01670877) or SUMMIT (https://www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01953926) trials. Patients had an average of 5.4 lines of therapy before enrollment, variable hormone receptor status, and ERBB2 mutations at diagnosis and during treatment. CTC enumeration alone was not sufficient to predict clinical response. Treatment pressure was shown to lead to an observable change in CTC morphology and genomic instability (GI), suggesting these parameters may inform prognosis. Single cell copy number alteration (CNA) analysis indicated that the persistence or development of a clonal population of CTCs during treatment was associated with a worse response. Hierarchical clustering analysis of the single cells across all patients and timepoints identified distinct aberrant regions shared among patients, comprised of 26 genes that are similarly affected and may be related to drug resistance. Additionally, the genomic analysis of the cfDNA, identified new mutations in ERBB2, PIK3CA, and TP53 that arose likely due to treatment pressure in a patient with poor response, further providing insights on the dynamics of the cancer genome over the course of therapy. The data presented in this small cohort study demonstrates the feasibility of real-time molecular profiling of the cellular and acellular fractions of the liquid biopsy using the HDSCA methodology. Additional studies are necessary to determine the potential use of morphometric and genomic analysis as a prognostic tool to advance personalized oncology.
Altered activity of pain processing brain regions in association with hip osteoarthritis
Authors: Railton P. , Delaney A. J. , Goodyear B. G. , Matyas J. , Lama S. , Sutherland G. R. , Powell J. N. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHip osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by chronic pain, but there remains a mismatch between symptoms and radiological findings. Recently, brain connectivity has been implicated in the modulation of chronic peripheral pain, however its association with perceived pain in hip OA is not understood. We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine functional connectivity associated with pain in hip OA patients. Thirty participants with hip OA and 10 non-OA controls were recruited. Using the visual analogue scale (VAS), pain scores were obtained before and after performing a painful hip activity. All participants underwent 3.0 T resting-state fMRI, and functional connectivity of brain regions associated with pain was determined and compared between participants, and before and after hip activity. Relative to controls, functional connectivity between the secondary somatosensory cortex and left posterior insula was increased, and functional connectivity between the bilateral posterior insula and motor cortices was significantly decreased in hip OA participants. In response to painful hip activity, functional connectivity increased between the thalamus, periaqueductal grey matter and brainstem. Functional connections between brain regions associated with pain are altered in hip OA patients, and several connections are modulated by performing painful activity. Unique lateralization of left posterior insula and linked brain functional connectivity patterns allows assessment of pain perception in hip OA providing an unbiased method to evaluate pain perception and pain modulation strategies.
Imaging arbitrary incoherent source distributions with near quantum-limited resolution
Authors: Matlin Erik F. , Zipp Lucas J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe demonstrate an approach to obtaining near quantum-limited far-field imaging resolution of incoherent sources with arbitrary distributions. Our method assumes no prior knowledge of the source distribution, but rather uses an adaptive approach to imaging via spatial mode demultiplexing that iteratively updates both the form of the spatial imaging modes and the estimate of the source distribution. The optimal imaging modes are determined by minimizing the estimated Cramér-Rao bound over the manifold of all possible sets of orthogonal imaging modes. We have observed through Monte Carlo simulations that the manifold-optimized spatial mode demultiplexing measurement consistently outperforms standard imaging techniques in the accuracy of source reconstructions and comes within a factor of 2 of the absolute quantum limit as set by the quantum Cramér-Rao bound. The adaptive framework presented here allows for a consistent approach to achieving near quantum-limited imaging resolution of arbitrarily distributed sources through spatial mode imaging techniques.
Syndecan-2 regulates PAD2 to exert antifibrotic effects on RA-ILD fibroblasts
Authors: Tsoyi Konstantin , Esposito Anthony J. , Sun Bo , Bowen Ryan G. , Xiong Kevin , Poli Fernando , Cardenas Rafael , Chu Sarah G. , Liang Xiaoliang , Ryter Stefan W. , Beeton Christine , Doyle Tracy J. , Robertson Matthew J. , Celada Lindsay J. , Romero Freddy , El-Chemaly Souheil Y. , Perrella Mark A. , Ho I.-Cheng , Rosas Ivan O. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) is the most common pulmonary complication of RA, increasing morbidity and mortality. Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies have been associated with the development and progression of both RA and fibrotic lung disease; however, the role of protein citrullination in RA-ILD remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of peptidylarginine deiminase 2 (PAD2), an enzyme that catalyzes protein citrullination, is increased in lung homogenates from subjects with RA-ILD and their lung fibroblasts. Chemical inhibition or genetic knockdown of PAD2 in RA-ILD fibroblasts attenuated their activation, marked by decreased myofibroblast differentiation, gel contraction, and extracellular matrix gene expression. Treatment of RA-ILD fibroblasts with the proteoglycan syndecan-2 (SDC2) yielded similar antifibrotic effects through regulation of PAD2 expression, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt signaling, and Sp1 activation in a CD148-dependent manner. Furthermore, SDC2-transgenic mice exposed to bleomycin-induced lung injury in an inflammatory arthritis model expressed lower levels of PAD2 and were protected from the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Together, our results support a SDC2-sensitive profibrotic role for PAD2 in RA-ILD fibroblasts and identify PAD2 as a promising therapeutic target of RA-ILD.
DCB dissolution of iron oxides in aeolian dust deposits controlled by particle size rather than mineral species
Authors: Yang Qianqian , Li Xusheng , Han Zhiyong , Wang Xiaoyong , Zhao Wancang , Yi Shuangwen , Lu Huayu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB) treatment is a classical method for removing iron oxides from soil. The DCB-induced dissolution effects on iron oxides are controversial. In this paper, samples from a typical loess-paleosol sequence in the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) and from other aeolian dust deposits in southern China were collected, and changes in the grain size composition and magnetic properties of the samples after DCB treatment were analyzed. The results show that the dissolution of iron oxides in loess-paleosol samples from the CLP is highly grain size dependent. In addition to completely dissolving nanometer-sized pedogenic iron oxides (< 0.2 μm), the standard DCB procedure can also dissolve submicron- and micron-sized aeolian iron oxides (0.2–6 μm). For these aeolian iron oxides, the submicron-sized (0.2–1 μm) iron oxides are sufficiently dissolved, and the solubility of the micron-sized (1–6 μm) iron oxides decreases with increasing particle size. The dissolution of > 6 μm aeolian iron oxides is negligible. DCB can neither separate pedogenic iron oxides from aeolian iron oxides nor selectively dissolve magnetite or maghemite. Although the total amount of dissolved iron oxides in the profiles from southern China is higher than that in the LC profile from northern China, the submicron- and micron-sized aeolian iron oxides in the latter are more easily dissolved.
Distinguish between typical non-Hermitian quantum systems by entropy dynamics
Authors: Zheng Chao , Li Daili 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNon-Hermitian (NH) quantum systems attract research interest increasingly in recent years, among which the PT-symmetric, P-pseudo-Hermitian and their anti-symmetric counterpart systems are focused much more. In this work, we extend the usage of entropy to distinguish time-evolutions of different classes and phases of typical NH-systems. In detail, we investigate the entropy dynamics of two-level NH-systems after quantum decoherence induced by single-qubit projective measurements, finding that it depends on both the initial states and the selection of the computational bases of the measurements. In a general case, we show how to distinguish all the eight phases of the above NH-systems step by step, in which process three different initial states are necessary if the basis of measurement is fixed. We propose how the distinguishing process is realized in quantum simulation, in which quantum tomography is not needed. Our investigations can be applied to judge phase transitions of non-Hermitian systems.
A comparative analysis of single cell small RNA sequencing data reveals heterogeneous isomiR expression and regulation
Authors: Smith Christopher Michael , Hutvagner Gyorgy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding small RNAs which play a critical role in the regulation of gene expression in cells. It is known that miRNAs are often expressed as multiple isoforms, called isomiRs, which may have alternative regulatory functions. Despite the recent development of several single cell small RNA sequencing protocols, these methods have not been leveraged to investigate isomiR expression and regulation to better understand their role on a single cell level. Here we integrate sequencing data from three independent studies and find substantial differences in isomiR composition that suggest that cell autonomous mechanisms may drive isomiR processing. We also find evidence of altered regulatory functions of different classes of isomiRs, when compared to their respective wild-type miRNA, which supports a biological role for many of the isomiRs that are expressed.