bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colonic intussusception masquerading as diverticulitis: a case report of a 31 year old diagnosed with colorectal carcinoma after multiple presentations to the ED for episodes of acute diverticulitis
Authors: McNamara Molly A , Ceron y Ceron Maria , Merrill Andrea L , Husain Syed G 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Colonic intussusception is a rare occurrence in adults, with few reported cases in the literature. Patients often present with nonspecific and vague symptoms leading to diagnostic challenges and delayed treatment. Given the high incidence of underlying malignancy associated with cases of adult intussusception, it is important for clinicians to be able to recognize and coordinate appropriate follow-up. A 31-year-old female presented to the emergency department four times over a month with left lower quadrant abdominal pain. Multiple computed tomography scans showed inflammation and diverticulitis of the mid-descending colon along with a short segment of colonic intussusception. A colonoscopy was performed due to concern for malignancy. A partially obstructing mass was found in the descending colon that could not be traversed. Biopsies revealed necrosis and no evidence of malignancy. However, given high suspicion for malignancy, the patient underwent a laparoscopic left colectomy, which revealed a pT3N1b colon adenocarcinoma.
Emerging analytical methods to characterize zeolite-based materials
Authors: van Vreeswijk Sophie H , Weckhuysen Bert M 
Published: March 2022

AbstractZeolites and zeolitic materials are, through their use in numerous conventional and sustainable applications, very important to our daily lives, including to foster the necessary transition to a more circular society. The characterization of zeolite-based materials has a tremendous history and a great number of applications and properties of these materials have been discovered in the past decades. This review focuses on recently developed novel as well as more conventional techniques applied with the aim of better understanding zeolite-based materials. Recently explored analytical methods, e.g. atom probe tomography, scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, confocal fluorescence microscopy and photo-induced force microscopy, are discussed on their important contributions to the better understanding of zeolites as they mainly focus on the micro- to nanoscale chemical imaging and the revelation of structure–composition–performance relationships. Some other techniques have a long and established history, e.g. nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, neutron scattering, electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques, and have gone through increasing developments allowing the techniques to discover new and important features in zeolite-based materials. Additional to the increasing application of these methods, multiple techniques are nowadays used to study zeolites under working conditions (i.e. the in situ/operando mode of analysis) providing new insights in reaction and deactivation mechanisms.
Eradicating female genital cutting: implications from political efforts in Burkina Faso
Authors: Kudo Yuya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractApplying a difference-in-differences approach to the historical ethnic homelands partitioned between Burkina Faso and Mali, I find that Burkina Faso’s political efforts to eradicate female genital cutting have reduced this practice overall and its moderate forms in particular, though the effect was weaker when it was performed by traditional cutters or on younger girls. The overall decline was smaller near the national border prone to fatal violence in its neighboring countries, which conversely suggests that the absence of internal conflict in Burkina Faso might have increased the credibility of the government’s political commitment. The overall decline, though only suggestive, might also have resulted from changes in people’s preference. Consistently, at present, Burkinabé people belonging to all birth cohorts have a much stronger aversion to this practice, in spite of the remarkable similarity in cutting rates between the two countries among those who were born prior to Burkina Faso’s political efforts.
The roles of HMGB1‐produced DNA gaps in DNA protection and aging biomarker reversal
Authors: Yasom Sakawdaurn , Watcharanurak Papitchaya , Bhummaphan Narumol , Thongsroy Jirapan , Puttipanyalears Charoenchai , Settayanon Sirapat , Chalertpet Kanwalat , Khumsri Wilunplus , Kongkaew Aphisek , Patchsung Maturada , Siriwattanakankul Chutha , Pongpanich Monnat , Pin‐on Piyapat , Jindatip Depicha , Wanotayan Rujira , Odton Mingkwan , Supasai Suangsuda , Oo Thura Tun , Arunsak Busarin , Pratchayasakul Wasana , Chattipakorn Nipon , Chattipakorn Siriporn , Mutirangura Apiwat 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe endogenous DNA damage triggering an aging progression in the elderly is prevented in the youth, probably by naturally occurring DNA gaps. Decreased DNA gaps are found during chronological aging in yeast. So we named the gaps “Youth‐DNA‐GAPs.” The gaps are hidden by histone deacetylation to prevent DNA break response and were also reduced in cells lacking either the high‐mobility group box (HMGB) or the NAD‐dependent histone deacetylase, SIR2. A reduction in DNA gaps results in shearing DNA strands and decreasing cell viability. Here, we show the roles of DNA gaps in genomic stability and aging prevention in mammals. The number of Youth‐DNA‐GAPs were low in senescent cells, two aging rat models, and the elderly. Box A domain of HMGB1 acts as molecular scissors in producing DNA gaps. Increased gaps consolidated DNA durability, leading to DNA protection and improved aging features in senescent cells and two aging rat models similar to those of young organisms. Like the naturally occurring Youth‐DNA‐GAPs, Box A‐produced DNA gaps avoided DNA double‐strand break response by histone deacetylation and SIRT1, a Sir2 homolog. In conclusion, Youth‐DNA‐GAPs are a biomarker determining the DNA aging stage (young/old). Box A‐produced DNA gaps ultimately reverse aging features. Therefore, DNA gap formation is a potential strategy to monitor and treat aging‐associated diseases.
A Pilot Sexual and Gender Minority Health Curriculum for the Largest Public Health Care System in the United States
Authors: Ard Kevin L. , Goldhammer Hilary , Almazan Anthony N. , Michael Timothy , O’Donnell Deirdre , Bender Sarah , Roman Matilde , Greene Richard E. , Keuroghlian Alex S. 
Published: March 2022

Problem
Sexual and gender minority (SGM) people face multiple health disparities. Clinicians often lack adequate training to address health needs of SGM people. In this setting, some health care organizations have sought to develop system-wide curricula to build clinician knowledge and capacity around SGM health.

Approach
NYC Health + Hospitals partnered with the National LGBTQIA+ [lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual] Health Education Center at The Fenway Institute to design and implement a novel SGM health care curriculum, offered from 2017 to 2020. The pilot program featured a 90-minute live introductory session, a pretest, a post-test, and six 45-minute online modules focusing on a range of topics in SGM health care.

Outcomes
Of approximately 35,000 employees from a range of settings and professional roles across NYC Health + Hospitals, 792 participated in the pilot program; most were clinicians at acute care hospitals, with the single largest group being attending clinicians. The proportion of eligible employees completing each component of the curriculum varied: 544 of 792 (68.7%) completed the online pretest, while 373 of 792 (47.1%) completed the module on behavioral health. Of 373 participants who completed both the pre- and post-tests, mean scores rose significantly from 60.9 on the pretest to 81.9 on the post-test (P < .001).

Next Steps
Future efforts should focus on increasing staff participation in the curriculum through scale-up efforts across the health care system, as well as measuring patient outcomes to assess the clinical impact of the initiative.
Combination With Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics and Utilization of Nonstandard Formulations as Compliance Enhancing Methods for Clozapine Users
Authors: Mutlu Emre , Karaçam Doğan Melike , Ertuğrul Aygün , Anıl Yağcıoğlu A. Elif 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Combining clozapine with a long-acting injectable antipsychotic (LAI) or using different, nonstandard formulations of the compound may improve treatment outcomes. We aimed to investigate the utility of the clozapine-LAI combination and different formulations of clozapine for compliance problems of clozapine treatment, and to describe a case series on the combined treatment.

Procedures
We conducted a PubMed search with no date restriction. The number and length of hospitalizations, the results of clinical scales, and adverse events were recorded. We also present a case series of 18 patients using the clozapine-LAI combination. Data were collected from the medical charts and electronic records.

Results
We extracted 9 records describing the use of the clozapine-LAI combination. The case reports and mirror-image studies showed a significant reduction in the number of hospitalizations, length of hospital stays, and number of visits to the emergency department on the combined treatment with no serious adverse events. We included 11 articles for clozapine formulations. The case reports and retrospective data suggested that short-acting intramuscular clozapine was often well tolerated and resulted in an increased acceptance of oral clozapine in the acute phase of illness. In our case series, illness severity and the number of hospitalization per year significantly decreased after the combined treatment, besides a significant improvement in the functioning scores. Hyperprolactinemia and extrapyramidal side effects were reported due to concomitant LAIs.

Conclusions
Despite the encouraging evidence, the present data are preliminary and mostly based on retrospective studies, and oral-dissolving tablets or oral liquid formulations of clozapine have insufficient evidence for clinical practice. Well-designed, controlled, follow-up studies are needed for both clozapine-LAI combination and different formulations of clozapine.
Precarious Employment and Self-Rated Health in Young Adults
Authors: An Sanghyun , Park Sungjin 
Published: March 2022

Objective
To investigate the relationship between employment changes including sustained precarious employment (PE) and poor self-rated health (SRH) in young Korean adults. Methods: A longitudinal study was performed using follow-up data from the Korea Youth Panel Survey 2007 (3rd–12th). Overall, 1265 young adults were included. Multiple logistic regression analyses estimated the poor SRH risk according to employment changes.

Results
Poor SRH risk was significantly higher in sustained PE than in fulltime permanent employment in young male adults and overall. However, in young female adults, PE was not clearly associated with poor SRH risk.

Conclusions
The proportion of new cases of poor SRH was increased by PE, particularly in young male workers. This finding emphasizes the importance of improving the health of young workers with PE and employment quality for young people vulnerable to PE.
Comparison of Speech Test Outcomes After Cochlear Implantation in Patients With and Without Asymmetric Hearing Loss
Authors: Misztal Carly , Peña Stefanie , Martinez Diane , Velandia Sandra , Goncalves Stefania , Ma Ruixuan , Holcomb Meredith , Angeli Simon , Telischi Fred , Dinh Christine T. 
Published: March 2022

Objectives:
Determine whether asymmetric hearing loss (AHL) affects postoperative speech outcomes in cochlear implant (CI) patients.

Study Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
Tertiary care hospital.

Patients:
Adult English-speaking patients with unilateral CIs implanted between 2014 and 2018 were stratified into NonAHL and AHL groups based on preoperative AzBio scores in quiet from the nonimplanted ear (0–50% vs. 51–100%, respectively).

Interventions:
CI surgery in the poorer performing ear.

Main Outcome Measures:
Postoperative consonant-nucleusconsonant (CNC) word and AzBio sentence test scores in quiet and/or noise at +5 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

Results:
Of 512 patients, 33 non-AHL and 27 AHL patients were included. Average ages were 65.6 and 63.6 years, respectively. As expected, preoperative AzBio scores in quiet from the nonimplanted ear were higher in the AHL group (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 66.4–76.4%) than the non-AHL group at baseline (95%CI: 12.3–23.6%). In both cohorts, AzBio scores in quiet from the implanted ear improved from baseline, with 24-month scores (95%CI: 73.8 - 84.9%) being higher than preoperative scores (95%CI: 13.2–23.1%). There were also significant differences in AzBio scores in quiet between cohorts overall (p
= 0.0120) on mixed model analysis, with the AHL group performing ∼6.4% better than the non-AHL group; however, differences were not significant when scores were stratified by time. In addition, there were no significant differences in CNC in quiet and AzBio scores in noise at +5 dB SNR between cohorts (p
= 0.1786 and p
= 0.6215, respectively).

Conclusions:
After CI, patients with AHL can achieve scores on word and sentence tests at least comparable to traditional CI candidates, supporting the expansion of CI candidacy to include patients with AHL.
Recurrent Glomus Jugulare Tumor Invading the Cerebellum on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT
Authors: Balaban Genc Zeynep Ceren , Filizoglu Nuh , Ozguven Salih 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Glomus tumors are rare, slow-growing extra-adrenal paragangliomas of the head and neck. Treatment and prevention of neurological deficits become more difficult as these tumors aggressively grow in size and infiltrate adjacent anatomical structures. Because glomus tumors are paragangliomas of neuroendocrine origin, 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT can be used as imaging method in the diagnosis and follow-up. In this case, we presented a recurrent glomus jugulare tumor that invaded to the cerebellum on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT imaging.
Motivations and Concerns of Preorthognathic Surgery Patients
Authors: Shi Ziwen , Bi Ruiye , Chen Haozhe , Zhu Songsong , Jiang Nan 
Published: March 2022

Purpose:
This study aims to investigate motivations, ways of gaining information, and concerns for orthognathic surgery of patients with skeletal dentomaxillofacial deformities before receiving the treatment, and to explore directions for improvement in doctor-patient communications in the clinical practice.

Methods:
Presurgical patients were asked to fill out a questionnaire about their basic information, the approaches via which they knew about the surgery, as well as their motivations and concerns for the surgery.

Results:
One hundred ninety two questionnaires were included in the analysis in total. Patients (females: males = 2.69:1) with an average age of 23.79 ± 4.36 mainly regarded facial esthetics (103, 53.65%) as a primary concern. Although about 80.20% of patients accessed medical information through the Internet, it was still an irreplaceable way to know through consulting specialists.

Conclusions:
The majority of patients were young, unmarried women without a stable income. For most patients, the primary motivation to receive the surgery was an improvement in facial esthetics and the biggest concern was the operation effect. Access to medical information through the Internet has become very important access to medical knowledge.
The Use of Osseodensification for Ridge Expansion and Dental Implant Placement in Narrow Alveolar Ridges: A Prospective Observational Clinical Study
Authors: Salman Rosal D. , Bede Salwan Y. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
The osseodensification (OD) drilling technique was suggested as an alveolar ridge expansion technique, so the aim of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate the amount of bone expansion obtained by the OD drilling technique and its effect on implant stability in patients with narrow alveolar ridges. The width of the alveolar ridge was measured at the crest before and after implant site preparation, whereas the implant stability was measured using Osstell Beacon implant stability quotient (ISQ). The ISQ values were recorded immediately postoperatively and after 16 weeks. Twenty-three patients were included; they received 40 implants. The mean (± standard deviation [SD]) amount of expansion was 1.29 (± 0.41) mm, and the difference between preexpansion and post-expansion bone width was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The mean (± SD) primary stability was 73.73 (± 2.85) ISQ, whereas the mean (± SD) secondary stability was 74.83 (± 2.73) ISQ, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.043). The implant survival rate was 100%. It can be concluded that using the OD technique in narrow alveolar ridges resulted in bone expansion without dehiscence or fenestration and allowed simultaneous implant placement with high primary and secondary implant stability.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Different Training Techniques in the Development of Leopold’s Maneuver Skills
Authors: Kaplan Sena , Peksoy-Kaya Sibel , Başkaya Esra , Şahin Sevil , Ariöz-Düzgün Ayten , Dumo Anndra M. 
Published: March 2022

Background
This randomized controlled trial evaluated the outcomes of simulation- and video-based training for teaching nursing students Leopold's maneuver. Their self-efficacy and anxiety levels were also explored.

Method
Data were collected among 121 participants [low-fidelity simulator group (LFSG) n = 43; video training group (VTG) n = 41; control group (CG) n = 37] using a Student Information Form, Leopold's Maneuver Skill Checklist, Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory, and General Self-Efficacy Scale. The primary outcome measure was the participants' performance; the secondary outcome measures were their anxiety and self-efficacy levels and grade point averages.

Results
The LFSG and VTG participants performed Leopold's maneuvers better than the CG participants. A negative correlation between anxiety and self-efficacy in the LFSG and CGs was found, while there was a positive correlation between grade point average and self-efficacy in the VTG.

Conclusions
Educational institutions with an insufficient number of instructors and laboratory infrastructure can use video-based training as an alternative to simulation-based education to reach more students.
Designing Sustainable Solutions to Implement a Distance-Based Simulation Basic Life Support Training Program During COVID-19 Pandemic in Low-Income Countries
Authors: Corvetto Marcia A. , Kattan Eduardo , Varas Julian , Caro Ivan , Altermatt Fernando R. 
Published: March 2022

Summary Statement
The global pandemic of COVID-19 had strong repercussions in healthcare simulation-based education around the world. Different adaptations to imposed restraints such as social distancing have been developed to address the educational needs of healthcare professionals. However, the lack of access to simulators in low-income countries or rural areas may restrict the access to distance simulation-based training.
Navigating life with HIV as an older adult on the Kenyan coast: perceived health challenges seen through the biopsychosocial model
Authors: Mwangala Patrick N , Wagner Ryan G , Newton Charles R , Abubakar Amina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundKenya, like many sub-Saharan African countries (SSA), is experiencing a rise in the number of HIV infected adults aged ≥50 years (recognized as older adults living with HIV [OALWH]). This trend has created a subgroup of vulnerable older adults demanding a prompt response in research, policy, and practice to address their complex and transitioning needs. Unfortunately, little is known about the health and wellbeing of these adults in Kenya. As such, we explore the experiences of OALWH and key stakeholders at the coast of Kenya to understand the health challenges facing the OALWH.Material and methodsWe utilized the biopsychosocial model to explore views from 34 OALWH and 22 stakeholders (11 health care providers and 11 primary caregivers) on the physical, mental, and psychosocial health challenges of ageing with HIV in Kilifi County, Kenya, between October and December 2019. Data were drawn from semi-structured in-depth interviews, which were audio-recorded and transcribed. A framework approach was used to synthesize the data.ResultsSymptoms of common mental disorders (e.g. stress, worry, thinking too much), comorbidities (especially ulcers/hyperacidity, hypertension, visual and memory difficulties), somatic symptoms (especially pain/body aches, fatigue, and sleep problems), financial difficulties, stigma, and discrimination were viewed as common across the participants. Suicidal ideation and substance use problems (especially ‘mnazi’ – the local palm wine and ‘ugoro’ – snuff) were also raised. There was an overlap of perceived risk factors across the three health domains, such as family conflicts, poverty, lack of social support, stigma, and the presence of comorbid health complaints.ConclusionOur findings provide a preliminary understanding of challenges, using the biopsychosocial model, facing OALWH in a low-literacy Kenyan setting. We found that OALWH at the Kenyan coast are at risk of multiple physical, mental, and psychosocial challenges, likely affecting their HIV treatment and overall health. Before programmes can have any lasting impact on these adults, improved access to basic needs, including food, financial support, and caregiving, and a reduction of stigma and discrimination must be addressed. Future research should quantify the burden of these challenges and examine the resources available to these adults before piloting and testing feasible interventions.
mtDNA copy number, mtDNA total somatic deletions, Complex I activity, synapse number and synaptic mitochondria number are altered in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Authors: Das Sujan C. , Hjelm B.E. , Galke B. , Morgan L. , Omidsalar A.A. , Sequeira A. , Schatzberg A.F. , Barchas J.D. , Lee F.S. , Myers R.M. , Watson S.J. , Akil H. , Bunney W.E. , Vawter M.P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction is a neurobiological phenomenon implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder that can synergistically affect synaptic neurotransmission. We hypothesized that schizophrenia and bipolar disorder share molecular alterations at the mitochondrial and synaptic level: mtDNA copy number (CN), mtDNA common deletion (CD), mtDNA total deletion, complex I activity, synapse number, and synaptic mitochondria number. These mitochondrial parameters were studied in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), superior temporal gyrus (STG), primary visual cortex (V1), and nucleus accumbens (NAc) of 44 controls (CON), 27 schizophrenia (SZ), and 26 bipolar disorder (BD) subjects. The results showed- (i) the mtDNA CN is significantly higher in DLPFC of both SZ and BD, decreased in the STG of BD, and unaltered in V1 and NAc of both SZ and BD; (ii) the mtDNA CD is significantly higher in DLPFC of BD while unaltered in STG, V1 and NAc of both SZ and BD; (iii) The total deletion burden is significantly higher in DLPFC in both SZ and BD while unaltered in STG, V1, and NAc of SZ and BD; (iv) Complex I activity is significantly lower in DLPFC of both SZ and BD with no alteration in STG, V1 and NAc. (v) The number of synapses is decreased in DLPFC of both SZ and BD, while the synaptic mitochondria number was significantly lower in female SZ and female BD compared to female controls. Overall, these findings will pave the way to better understand the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder for therapeutic interventions.