bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of suffering with facets of health and well-being among working adults: longitudinal evidence from two samples
Authors: Cowden Richard G. , Seidman Andrew J. , Duffee Charlotte , Węziak-Białowolska Dorota , McNeely Eileen , VanderWeele Tyler J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSuffering is an experiential state that every person encounters at one time or another, yet little is known about suffering and its consequences for the health and well-being of nonclinical adult populations. In a pair of longitudinal studies, we used two waves of data from garment factory workers (Study 1 [T1: 2017, T2: 2019]: n = 344) and flight attendants (Study 2 [T1: 2017/2018, T2: 2020]: n = 1402) to examine the prospective associations of suffering with 16 outcomes across different domains of health and well-being: physical health, health behavior, mental health, psychological well-being, character strengths, and social well-being. The primary analysis involved a series of regression analyses in which each T2 outcome was regressed on overall suffering assessed at T1, adjusting for relevant sociodemographic characteristics and the baseline value (or close proxy) of the outcome assessed at T1. In Study 1, associations of overall suffering with worse subsequent health and well-being were limited to a single outcome on each of the domains of physical health and mental health. Overall suffering was more consistently related to worse subsequent health and well-being in Study 2, with associations emerging for all but two outcomes. The pattern of findings for each study was largely similar when aspects of suffering were modeled individually, although associations for some aspects of suffering differed from those that emerged for overall suffering. Our findings suggest that suffering may have important implications for the health and well-being of worker populations.
Incidence of unplanned intensive care unit admission following surgery and associated factors in Amhara regional state hospitals
Authors: Yetneberk Tikuneh , Firde Meseret , Tiruneh Abebe , Fentie Yewlsew , Tariku Mequanent , Mihret Gashaw , Moore Jolene 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnplanned postoperative critical care admission poses a potential risk to patients and places unanticipated pressure on clinical services and it has become an important parameter to assess patient safety in perioperative services. This study was aimed to determine the incidence of unplanned intensive care unit admission following surgery and the associated factors. A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted on postoperative patients admitted to the ICU of three hospitals located in the Amhara region. Data were collected via a structured survey tool and analyzed using SPSS version 23 software with binary logistic regression analysis. The statistical significance to identify patient, anesthetic and surgical related factors in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative period was < 0.05 for multivariable regression with a 95% confidence interval. Predominantly patients were admitted to the ICU in an unplanned manner. ASA status, preoperative hemoglobin (Hgb) level, intraoperative estimated blood loss, and adverse events occurring in the operating room were significantly associated with intensive care unit admission following surgery. Patients who had a low preoperative Hgb value were 35.1 times more likely to be admitted to the intensive care unit in an unplanned manner compared with their counterparts [(Adjust odds ratio (AOR) 35.16; CI 12.82, 96.44)]. Patients with ASA II and III were 19.4 and 16.2 times more likely to be admitted to ICU in an unplanned way compared to patients who had ASA I physical status [(AOR 51.79; CI 8.28, 323.94) (AOR 67.8 CI 14.68, 313.53)]. Unplanned ICU admission after surgery was high in this study, suggesting poor perioperative planning, risk stratification, and optimization of patients.
Factor mobility, transportation network and green economic growth of the urban agglomeration
Authors: Yang Yuqi , Lu Xiangyi , Chen Jun , Li Na 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the externalities of transportation networks in the process of the agglomeration and diffusion of production factors has theoretical and practical significance for the coordinated development of China's economic growth in urban agglomerations. Therefore, the social network analysis method is introduced in this paper with the case of the Pan Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration to analyze the characteristics of the traffic connection network of the production factor flow within this urban agglomeration, and subsequently, an econometric panel model is adopted to quantitatively analyze the effect of the connection network on the economic growth of the urban agglomeration. The results show that (1) the traffic connection of the Pan Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration has network characteristics typical of a “small world”. Although the connections between cities are gradually strengthening, the regional differences are obvious, showing a core–edge pattern of eastern agglomeration and western sparseness. (2) Among the network nodes, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and other cities have obvious agglomeration and diffusion effects, stabilizing economic growth while driving the development of surrounding cities. The "polarization effect" in Chongqing and Chengdu has significantly increased, and the accumulation of factors mainly meets their own economic development but has not yet spread. (3) The Pan Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration's transportation network influences the region’s economic growth through the structural effect, as it strengthens the economic ties between cities, and through the action of resource factors, as the network represents the aggregation and diffusion path of factor flow. (4) Due to the different traffic connections and industrial structures across the Pan Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration, the factor flow of each suburban agglomeration has a differentiated impact on the regional economic growth under the traffic connection network. Therefore, to realize the coordinated economic development of the Pan Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration, it is necessary to "adjust measures to local conditions" and formulate accurate and precise policies.
Survival outcomes after breast-conserving surgery plus radiotherapy compared with mastectomy in breast ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion
Authors: Xia Lin-Yu , Xu Wei-Yun , Hu Qing-Lin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDuctal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion (DCIS-MI) is a subtype of breast cancer with a good prognosis, for which both breast conserving surgery plus radiotherapy (BCS + RT) and mastectomy are feasible surgical methods, but no clear conclusion has been made on the choice of these treatments. We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database to extract 5432 DCIS-MI patients. Participants were divided into the BCS + RT group and the mastectomy group. We compared the overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) of the two groups using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regressions before and after propensity score matching (PSM). Before PSM, both univariate and multivariate analyses showed that BCS + RT group had significantly higher OS and BCSS compared with patients in the mastectomy group (P < 0.001). After PSM, the multivariate analysis showed that compared with mastectomy, the BCS + RT showed significantly higher OS and BCSS (HR = 0.676, 95% CI = 0.540–0.847, P < 0.001; HR = 0.565,95% CI = 0.354–0.903, P = 0.017). In addition, the subgroup analysis showed that BCS + RT is at least equivalent to mastectomy with respect to OS and BCSS in any subgroup. For patients with DCIS-MI, the prognosis of BCS + RT was superior to mastectomy.
Utilizing artificial intelligence to solving time – cost – quality trade-off problem
Authors: Son Pham Vu Hong , Khoi Luu Ngoc Quynh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study presents the Slime Mold Algorithm (SMA) to solve the time—cost—quality trade-off problem in a construction project. The proposed SMA is a flexible and efficient algorithm in exploration and exploitation to reach the best optimal solution to process the input model’s data. This paper aims to discuss and solve the optimization problem and compare the evaluation with other algorithms such as Opposition-based Multiple Objective Differential Evolution, Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm, Multiple objective particle swarm optimization, Multiple objective differential evolution and Chaotic initialized multiple objective differential evolution (CAMODE) to verify the efficiency and potential of the proposed algorithm. According to the analysis results, the SMA model generated a diversification measure for case studies, producing superior outcomes to those of previous algorithms.
Anti-reflecting metasurface for broadband polarization independent absorption at Ku band frequencies
Authors: Amin Muhammad , Fida Aliza , Rashid Aamir , Siddiqui Omar , Tahir Farooq A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn impedance matched metasurface can efficiently channel the electromagnetic fields for maximum power transfer. The thin film based impedance matching techniques often utilize highly dissipative materials and destructive interference of reflection components from multiple subwavelength layers. Here, we propose a novel method to achieve anti reflection characteristics through destructive interference of antiparallel electromagnetic scattering emerging from chiral metasurface. The supercell structure of metasurface consists of four adjacent multi split-rings on FR-4 substrate. The split-rings are arranged to induce anti-parallel surface currents leading to destructive interference for scattered fields. The antireflection characteristics results in near perfect broadband absorption at dual frequency bands. A broadband absorption of 983 MHz is achieved between 12.687 and 13.669 GHz. Similarly, a narrow band absorption of 108 MHz is achieved in frequency range of 15.307–15.415 GHz. The impedance matched with unique symmetric design of supercell results in identical absorption for both x- and y-polarized incident fields. The numerical and experimental results verify broadband absorption characteristics at Ku band frequencies. The proposed metasurface absorber can be used for microwave energy harvesting applications.
A sustainable synthesis of the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitor nirmatrelvir, the active ingredient in Paxlovid
Authors: Kincaid Joseph R. A. , Caravez Juan C. , Iyer Karthik S. , Kavthe Rahul D. , Fleck Nico , Aue Donald H. , Lipshutz Bruce H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPfizer’s drug for the treatment of patients infected with COVID-19, Paxlovid, contains most notably nirmatrelvir, along with ritonavir. Worldwide demand is projected to be in the hundreds of metric tons per year, to be produced by several generic drug manufacturers. Here we show a 7-step, 3-pot synthesis of the antiviral nirmatrelvir, arriving at the targeted drug in 70% overall yield. Critical amide bond-forming steps utilize new green technology that completely avoids traditional peptide coupling reagents, as well as epimerization of stereocenters. Likewise, dehydration of a primary amide to the corresponding nitrile is performed and avoids use of the Burgess reagent and chlorinated solvents. DFT calculations for various conformers of nirmatrelvir predict that two rotamers about the tertiary amide would be present with an unusually high rotational barrier. Direct comparisons with the original literature procedures highlight both the anticipated decrease in cost and environmental footprint associated with this route, potentially expanding the availability of this important drug worldwide.
Light–matter interaction beyond Born–Oppenheimer approximation mediated by stimulated phonon polaritons
Authors: Lu Yao , Wu Qiang , Xiong Hao , Zhou Xu , Li Zhixuan , Qi Jiwei , Xu Xitan , Ma Ruobin , Fan Jiang , Chen Zhigang , Xu Jingjun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFor decades, the light-matter interaction (LMI) based on Born-Oppenheimer (BO) approximation has dominated the fields of photonics, materials, and condensed-matter physics. However, in polar crystals, the BO approximation is not applicable when stimulated phonon polaritons are excited. Unlike the studies on topological physics and physical chemistry that go beyond BO approximation, here we unravel a stimulated phonon polariton-mediated LMI mechanism in polar crystals, which is radically different from the traditional LMI interpreted by BO approximation. In the regime of stimulated phonon polariton-mediated LMI, two exemplary experiments were conducted at different wavelengths: Q-factor increase of a LiNbO3 terahertz microcavity, and a five orders-of-magnitude enhancement of second-harmonic generation of infrared laser pulses in a LiNbO3 slab. Our study enhances the understanding of the LMI mechanism and shows potential for applications in the fields of optics/photonics and condensed-matter physics.
Non-inertial quantum clock frames lead to non-Hermitian dynamics
Authors: Paiva Ismael L. , Te’eni Amit , Peled Bar Y. , Cohen Eliahu , Aharonov Yakir 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe operational approach to time is a cornerstone of relativistic theories, as evidenced by the notion of proper time. In standard quantum mechanics, however, time is an external parameter. Recently, many attempts have been made to extend the notion of proper time to quantum mechanics within a relational framework. Here, we use similar ideas combined with the relativistic mass-energy equivalence to study an accelerating massive quantum particle with an internal clock system. We show that the ensuing evolution from the perspective of the particle’s internal clock is non-Hermitian. This result does not rely on specific implementations of the clock. As a particular consequence, we prove that the effective Hamiltonian of two gravitationally interacting particles is non-Hermitian from the perspective of the clock of either particle.
Open Science Practices in Communication Sciences and Disorders: A Survey
Authors: El Amin Mariam , Borders James C. , Long Helen L. , Keller Mary Alice , Kearney Elaine 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
Open science is a collection of practices that seek to improve the accessibility, transparency, and replicability of science. Although these practices have garnered interest in related fields, it remains unclear whether open science practices have been adopted in the field of communication sciences and disorders (CSD). This study aimed to survey the knowledge, implementation, and perceived benefits and barriers of open science practices in CSD.

Method:

An online survey was disseminated to researchers in the United States actively engaged in CSD research. Four-core open science practices were examined:
preregistration
,
self-archiving
,
gold open access
, and
open data.
Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression models.

Results:
Two hundred twenty-two participants met the inclusion criteria. Most participants were doctoral students (38%) or assistant professors (24%) at R1 institutions (58%). Participants reported low knowledge of preregistration and gold open access. There was, however, a high level of desire to learn more for all practices. Implementation of open science practices was also low, most notably for preregistration, gold open access, and open data (< 25%). Predictors of knowledge and participation, as well as perceived barriers to implementation, are discussed.

Conclusion:
Although participation in open science appears low in the field of CSD, participants expressed a strong desire to learn more in order to engage in these practices in the future.

Supplemental Material and Open Science Form:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21569040
Clinical Case Study: Pediatric Bilateral Benign Vocal Fold Lesions
Authors: Fujiki Robert Brinton 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
This study describes a clinical case of benign bilateral vocal fold lesions in a 4-year-old boy. Acoustic, aerodynamic, auditory-perceptual, and stroboscopic evaluations are described, and the outcomes of intervention are reported.

Method:
Methodology for acoustic, aerodynamic, auditory-perceptual, and stroboscopic data collection and analysis are described.

Results/Conclusions:
This patient presented to the clinic with bilateral vocal fold lesions resulting in moderate dysphonia characterized by breathiness, roughness, and vocal strain. Acoustic measures supported auditory-perceptual assessment indicating that vocal quality was moderately dysphonic, and aerodynamic measures suggested vocal hyperfunction. Stroboscopic evaluation was limited due to patient's age; however, reduced vocal fold oscillation and hourglass glottic closure were observed. Therapeutic probes indicated that the patient was a good candidate for voice therapy, and a course of six sessions was completed. Repeat evaluation indicated improvements in auditory-perceptual and acoustic voice measures.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21568947
Hierarchical optimization of current‐limiting devices with discrete parameters in multi‐terminal DC power grids
Authors: Mei Jun , Chen Xiaoyu , Zhang Bingtian , Zhang Sen , Lei Liupeng , Guo Jiawei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOptimizing current‐limiting devices (CLDs) in multi‐terminal DC grids is essential to limit the fault current while reducing the cost of devices. However, current studies mainly focus on optimizing CLDs based on continuous parameters in simple DC grids, which cannot meet the optimal efficiency demand of CLDs in complex multi‐terminal DC grids and results in each CLD needing to be customized separately, increasing the production cost of devices. Therefore, to improve the optimal efficiency under complex multi‐terminal DC grids, the principle of fault area division based on the coupled degree of converter and DC grid and the corresponding hierarchical optimal implementation schemes of CLDs are proposed first. Then, the effects of CLD parameters on the fault current are analysed, and their sensitive ranges of current‐limiting are revealed. In combination with the error range of inductance, the principle of discrete parameter design of current‐limiting inductance parameters is put forward. Next, the discrete parameters of CLDs are optimized by an intelligence algorithm. Finally, the hierarchical optimal method of CLDs based on discrete parameters is validated on a six‐terminal DC grid in PSCAD/EMTDC. The proposed method can satisfy the demand of current‐limiting, which is more in line with the standardization requirements in practice.
Fast intensive crowd counting model of Internet of Things based on multi‐scale attention mechanism
Authors: Liu Dong , Wang Zhiyong , Meng Xiangjia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObject detection based on deep learning plays an important role in the application of the Internet of Things (IoT). Traditional methods consume a lot of computing resources and cannot be well deployed in the IoT environment. A lightweight object detection method based on attention mechanism is proposed and applied to crowd counting. In view of the low accuracy and poor real‐time performance of multi‐scale crowd detection, we design a crowd counting model based on YOLO v5, and apply it to the IoT environment. It is proposed to insert the transformer into the YOLO v5 backbone network. Based on the multi‐head attention mechanism in the transformer encoder, the global dependency is modelled to make full use of the context information. The CNN is used to realize the fusion of multi‐scale feature maps, and the feature enhancement modules concerned by the attention network are further counted. Experiments show that it can not only detect multi‐scale targets, but also achieve real‐time performance in video surveillance scenes.
Implementation of optical neural network based on Mach–Zehnder interferometer array
Authors: Du Yanan , Su Kang , Yuan Xinxin , Li Tuo , Liu Kai , Man Hongtao , Zou Xiaofeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCompared with electrons, photons have the potential to realise ultra‐high speed operations because of its unique high speed and high parallelism. In recent years, there have been many researches on neural networks using optical hardware. The Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) and micro‐ring resonator (MRR) are commonly used as optical devices to realise linear operation units in optical neural networks (ONN). MZI has the advantages of simple fabrication, high sensitivity, and easy integration, which has attracted the attention of researchers. We summarise the implementation methods of ONN matrix multiplication based on MZI, the implementation methods of non‐linear activation, and the on‐chip training methods. We first summarise the researches on matrix multiplication of ONN based on MZI. Three kinds of MZI grid decomposition methods, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) grid structures, and the corresponding derivation processes are introduced, respectively. Then, several experimental implementations of ONN based on MZI are summarised, and the characteristics of optical processors fabricated in these references are analysed. Finally, the realisation methods of non‐linear activation and on‐chip training of silicon ONN are introduced, respectively.
Collision detection for N-body Kepler systems
Authors: Visser P. M. 
Published: November 2022

Context. In a Keplerian system, a large number of bodies orbit a central mass. Accretion disks, protoplanetary disks, asteroid belts, and planetary rings are examples. Simulations of these systems require algorithms that are computationally efficient. The inclusion of collisions in the simulations is challenging but important.
Aims. We intend to calculate the time of collision of two astronomical bodies in intersecting Kepler orbits as a function of the orbital elements. The aim is to use the solution in an analytic propagator (N-body simulation) that jumps from one collision event to the next.
Methods. We outline an algorithm that maintains a list of possible collision pairs ordered chronologically. At each step (the soonest event on the list), only the particles created in the collision can cause new collision possibilities. We estimate the collision rate, the length of the list, and the average change in this length at an event, and study the efficiency of the method used.
Results. We find that the collision-time problem is equivalent to finding the grid point between two parallel lines that is closest to the origin. The solution is based on the continued fraction of the ratio of orbital periods.
Conclusions. Due to the large jumps in time, the algorithm can beat tree codes (octree and k-d tree codes can efficiently detect collisions) for specific systems such as the Solar System with N < 108. However, the gravitational interactions between particles can only be treated as gravitational scattering or as a secular perturbation, at the cost of reducing the time-step or at the cost of accuracy. While simulations of this size with high-fidelity propagators can already span vast timescales, the high efficiency of the collision detection allows many runs from one initial state or a large sample set, so that one can study statistics.