bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Omics technologies in allergy and asthma research: An EAACI position paper
Authors: Radzikowska Urszula , Baerenfaller Katja , Cornejo‐Garcia José Antonio , Karaaslan Cagatay , Barletta Elena , Sarac Basak Ezgi , Zhakparov Damir , Villaseñor Alma , Eguiluz‐Gracia Ibon , Mayorga Cristobalina , Sokolowska Milena , Barbas Coral , Barber Domingo , Ollert Markus , Chivato Tomas , Agache Ioana , Escribese Maria M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAllergic diseases and asthma are heterogenous chronic inflammatory conditions with several distinct complex endotypes. Both environmental and genetic factors can influence the development and progression of allergy. Complex pathogenetic pathways observed in allergic disorders present a challenge in patient management and successful targeted treatment strategies. The increasing availability of high‐throughput omics technologies, such as genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics allows studying biochemical systems and pathophysiological processes underlying allergic responses. Additionally, omics techniques present clinical applicability by functional identification and validation of biomarkers. Therefore, finding molecules or patterns characteristic for distinct immune‐inflammatory endotypes, can subsequently influence its development, progression, and treatment. There is a great potential to further increase the effectiveness of single omics approaches by integrating them with other omics, and nonomics data. Systems biology aims to simultaneously and longitudinally understand multiple layers of a complex and multifactorial disease, such as allergy, or asthma by integrating several, separated data sets and generating a complete molecular profile of the condition. With the use of sophisticated biostatistics and machine learning techniques, these approaches provide in‐depth insight into individual biological systems and will allow efficient and customized healthcare approaches, called precision medicine. In this EAACI Position Paper, the Task Force “Omics technologies in allergic research” broadly reviewed current advances and applicability of omics techniques in allergic diseases and asthma research, with a focus on methodology and data analysis, aiming to provide researchers (basic and clinical) with a desk reference in the field. The potential of omics strategies in understanding disease pathophysiology and key tools to reach unmet needs in allergy precision medicine, such as successful patients’ stratification, accurate disease prognosis, and prediction of treatment efficacy and successful prevention measures are highlighted.
Beyond dystopia: Regenerative cultures and ethics among European climate activists
Authors: Harms Arne 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this article, I analyze practices of self‐formation among European climate activists. I develop the concept of regenerative cultures as a lens to capture nonspectacular practices that embody intimate forms of activism. Drawing on ethnographic research among climate activists, I show that regenerative cultures employs recursive circuits of practicing, retrospective visions, and subjunctive ecologies in order to enable ethical self‐formations geared toward personal or planetary regeneration. I identify two implications of such practices. First, I argue that intimate forms of activism reshuffle the sphere of politics in rendering the intimate a locus of concerted action that is deemed to radiate out. Second, I argue that such ethical labor is situated between what in the anthropology of ethics figures as virtue ethics and endurance. What I identify as utopian becomings instantiated by climate activists’ ethical labor embodies attempts to open spaces for caring differently. Moving beyond an understanding of the utopian as prefigurative move, I argue that utopian becomings operate by enabling to become otherwise in affectively loaded encounters.
Alone in the COVID‐19 lockdown: An exploratory study
Authors: Leary Rowena , Asbury Kathryn 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFeelings of isolation have been prevalent worldwide since March 2020 due to COVID‐19 pandemic lockdowns. This has prompted increased concerns about loneliness and related mental health problems. During the first UK COVID‐19 lockdown, 71 participants were asked to share their high and low point stories from lockdown. These were analyzed using thematic analysis to explore how “aloneness” was experienced at this time. A deductive analyses supported three key facets of aloneness reported in the literature: emotional loneliness, social loneliness, and existential loneliness, as well as a more positive form of aloneness, solitude. An inductive analysis identified risk and protective factors for loneliness, comprising worry, lockdown changes, and poor mental health; and social contact, emotional contact, stability and simple life. The study highlights the importance of understanding how facets of aloneness interrelate, and how understanding risk and protective factors can help us to develop social and policy interventions to alleviate loneliness. In particular, solitude is proposed as a potential mechanism for alleviating loneliness, particularly existential loneliness, alongside more common social methods.
A global evaluation of the effectiveness of voluntary REDD+ projects at reducing deforestation and degradation in the moist tropics
Authors: Guizar‐Coutiño Alejandro , Jones Julia P. G. , Balmford Andrew , Carmenta Rachel , Coomes David A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractReducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) projects aim to contribute to climate change mitigation by protecting and enhancing carbon stocks in tropical forests, but there have been no systematic global evaluations of their impact. We used a new data set for tropical humid forests and a standardized evaluation approach (based on pixel matching) to quantify the performance of a representative sample of 40 voluntary REDD+ projects in 9 countries certified under the Verified Carbon Standard (VCS). In the first 5 years of implementation, deforestation within project areas was reduced by 47% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 24–68) compared with matched counterfactual pixels, and degradation rates were 58% lower (95% CI: 49–63). Reductions were small in absolute terms but greater in sites located in high‐deforestation settings and did not appear to be substantially undermined by leakage activities in forested areas within 10 km of project boundaries. At the 26th Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the international community renewed its commitment to tackling tropical deforestation as a nature‐based solution to climate change. Our results indicate that incentivizing forest conservation through voluntary site‐based projects can slow tropical deforestation and highlight the particular importance of prioritizing financing for areas at greater risk of deforestation.
Microsecretory adenocarcinoma of the external ear canal
Authors: Dibbern Megan E. , Gru Alejandro A. , Stelow Edward B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMicrosecretory adenocarcinoma (MSA) is a recently described salivary gland tumor characterized by unique histomorphologic and immunohistochemical features as well as recurrent MEF2C::SS18 gene fusion. Since 2019, 24 cases have been reported in the literature, primarily arising in the oral cavity, with a single reported case arising in the parotid gland. Here, we present a case of MSA that arose in the external ear canal in an 89‐year‐old woman and was discovered during management of vertigo symptoms. Excisional biopsy of the lesion showed multiple fragments of squamous epithelium with hyperplastic changes and a distinct subepithelial infiltrating neoplasm composed of bland cells forming tubules and cords. Neoplastic cells expressed keratin, S100 protein, p63, and TLE1 and did not express p40, mammaglobin, pan‐TRK, synaptophysin, or chromogranin by immunohistochemistry. SS18 gene rearrangement was shown with break‐apart fluorescent in situ hybridization. Overall, the histomorphologic, immunohistochemical, and cytogenetic findings confirm a diagnosis of MSA arising in a unique extraoral location.
Komorbidität bei Patienten mit bullösem Pemphigoid in Deutschland: Ergebnisse einer Fall‐Kontroll‐Studie
Authors: Martin Eva , Mauer Isabell , Malzahn Uwe , Heuschmann Peter Ulrich , Goebeler Matthias , Benoit Sandrine 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZielePatienten mit bullösem Pemphigoid (BP) leiden gehäuft an neuropsychiatrischen Krankheiten. Im Gegensatz dazu werden Assoziationen mit anderen Krankheiten kontrovers diskutiert. Daher haben wir in dieser großen Fall‐Kontroll‐Studie einer repräsentativen Region Deutschlands das Spektrum komorbider Erkrankungen von BP‐Patienten untersucht.Patienten und MethodikDie Krankenakten aller zwischen Juni 2002 und Mai 2013 an der Klinik für Dermatologie des Universitätsklinikums Würzburg behandelten BP‐Patienten wurden retrospektiv ausgewertet. Die Diagnose BP wurde anhand definierter Kriterien gestellt. Jedem Patienten wurden zwei Kontrollen zugeordnet. Erhoben wurden Daten wie Alter, Geschlecht, Medikation, Begleiterkrankungen und Laborparameter. Die Ergebnisse wurden mittels bedingt logistischer Regression, multivariabler Regressionsanalyse sowie eines komplexen Regressionsmodells ausgewertet.Ergebnisse300 BP‐Patienten wurden ermittelt und mit 583 Kontrollpersonen verglichen. Bei Patienten mit BP zeigte sich eine Assoziation mit neuropsychiatrischen Erkrankungen. Zudem wiesen BP‐Patienten häufiger eine Leukozytose und Eosinophilie auf. Bemerkenswert war die hochsignifikante Assoziation zwischen BP und Anämie (OR 2,127; 95 % KI 1,532–2,953) beziehungsweise Nierenfunktionsstörungen (OR 2,218; 95 % KI 1,643–2,993). Keine signifikanten Zusammenhänge konnten zwischen BP und Tumorerkrankungen sowie arterieller Hypertonie ermittelt werden.SchlussfolgerungenUnsere Untersuchungen weisen auf ein vermehrtes Auftreten von Anämien und Nierenfunktionsbeeinträchtigungen bei BP‐Patienten hin. Die starke Assoziation mit neuropsychiatrischen Erkrankungen (p < 0,0005) bestätigt Ergebnisse vorangegangener Studien.
Dermatoskopisch kontrollierte, schmalere Resektionsränder bei Basalzellkarzinomen an Kopf und Hals: Retrospektive Fallkontrollstudie
Authors: Herzum Astrid , Burlando Martina , Tavilla Pietro Paolo , Micalizzi Claudia , Molle Mattia Fabio , Cozzani Emanuele , Parodi Aurora 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungHintergrund: Unbehandelt kann das Basalzellkarzinom (BCC) erhebliche Gewebezerstörungen verursachen. Die komplette chirurgische Exzision ist die Behandlung der Wahl. Allerdings stellt es besonders im Gesichts‐ und Halsbereich eine Herausforderung dar, den Tumor vollständig zu entfernen und möglichst viel gesundes Gewebe zu erhalten.Material und Methoden: Bereits exzidierte kleine BCC (≤ 1 cm) von Kopf oder Hals wurden retrospektiv analysiert. Verglichen wurde die histologisch kontrolliert angemessene Breite des Resektionsrandes nach präoperativer dermatoskopischer Untersuchung (Fälle) im Vergleich zur rein klinischen Untersuchung (Kontrollen), sowie die Rezidivrate.Ergebnisse: Bei 281 BCC: 6 % (8/139) der Fälle und 8 % (12/142) der Kontrollen zeigten inadäquate basale Resektionsränder; 4 % (5/139) der Fälle und 20 % (29/142) der Kontrollen zeigten inadäquate laterale Resektionsränder (P < 0.001). Laterale Resektionsränder von 3 mm waren in 0 % (15/66) der Fälle, jedoch in 15 % (10/66) der Kontrollen inadäquat (P >0.005); laterale Resektionsränder von 1–2 mm waren in 7 % (5/73) der Fälle und in 25 % (19/76) der Kontrollen inadäquat (P < 0.01). Rezidive traten in den Fällen mit 3 mm Resektionsrand in 1,5 % auf, in den Fällen mit 1–2 mm Resektionsrand bei 0 %, und bei den Kontrollen bei 7,7 %.Schlussfolgerung: Für BCC im Kopf‐ und Halsbereich erscheint ein Resektionsrand von 3 mm angemessen, sofern das BCC klein, dermatoskopisch gut definiert und wenig aggressiv ist. Hier zeigten sich operative Heilungsraten von 100 % mit 1,5 % Rezidiven. Resektionsränder von 1–2 mm sollten nur für BCC in sehr schwierig zu behandelnden Bereichen in Betracht gezogen werden, da die Heilungsrate hier nur bei 93 % lag.
Generalisierte pustulöse Psoriasis: Überblick zum Status quo und Ergebnisse einer Diskussionsrunde
Authors: Reich Kristian , Augustin Matthias , Gerdes Sascha , Ghoreschi Kamran , Kokolakis Georgios , Mößner Rotraut , Mrowietz Ulrich , Navarini Alexander A. , Pinter Andreas , Schäkel Knut , Staubach Petra , Sticherling Michael , Thaçi Diamant , Wilsmann‐Theis Dagmar 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDie generalisierte pustulöse Psoriasis (GPP) ist eine seltene, schwere, potenziell lebensbedrohliche, autoinflammatorische, neutrophile Hauterkrankung, die von Fieber und Leukozytose begleitet sein kann. Diese Arbeit beschreibt den aktuellen Wissensstand zur GPP bezüglich Klassifizierung, (Differential‐)Diagnostik und Prävalenz. Wir präsentieren eine Gegenüberstellung der Genetik und Pathoimmunologie der GPP und Psoriasis vulgaris mit den zentralen Mechanismen der Autoimmunologie und Autoinflammation. Die derzeit verfügbaren therapeutischen Optionen, Expertenempfehlungen zur Therapie sowie Daten früher klinischer Studien zur Untersuchung zielgerichteter Therapien werden in dieser Arbeit vorgestellt. Als Ergebnis unserer Diskussionsrunde mit 13 Experten für Psoriasis vulgaris und GPP geben wir einen integrierten Überblick über Indikation und Therapie basierend auf unseren persönlichen Erfahrungen und präsentieren einen Ausblick zu weiteren Forschungsfragen. Dieser Artikel verdeutlicht insbesondere den hohen ungedeckten Bedarf bei der GPP, da es bis heute keine zufriedenstellende Diagnose‐ oder Behandlungsmethode gibt und neue Behandlungsmöglichkeiten für die Betroffenen von großem therapeutischem Nutzen sein werden.
S1‐Leitlinie: Kaposi‐Sarkom
Authors: Esser Stefan , Schöfer Helmut , Hoffmann Christian , Claßen Johannes , Kreuter Alexander , Leiter Ulrike , Oette Mark , Becker Jürgen C. , Ziemer Mirjana , Mosthaf Franz , Sirokay Judith , Ugurel Selma , Potthoff Anja , Helbig Doris , Bierhoff Erhard , Schulz Thomas F. , Brockmeyer Norbert H. , Grabbe Stephan 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Kaposi‐Sarkom (KS) ist eine seltene, maligne, von lymphatischen Endothelzellen ausgehende, multilokuläre Gefäßerkrankung, die vor allem Haut und Schleimhäute, aber auch das lymphatische System und innere Organe wie den Gastrointestinaltrakt, die Lunge oder die Leber befallen kann. Fünf epidemiologische Subtypen des KS mit variablem klinischem Verlauf und unterschiedlicher Prognose werden unterschieden, die in spezifischen Populationen vermehrt auftreten: (1) klassisches KS, (2) iatrogenes KS bei Immunsuppression, (3) endemisches (afrikanisches) lymphadenopathisches KS, (4) epidemisches, HIV‐assoziiertes KS und mit einem Immunrekonstitutions‐Inflammations‐Syndrom (IRIS) assoziiertes KS und (5) KS bei Männern, die Sex mit Männern haben (MSM) ohne HIV‐Infektion. Diese interdisziplinäre Leitlinie fasst aktuelle praxisrelevante Empfehlungen zu Diagnostik und Therapie der verschiedenen Formen des KS zusammen. Die in dieser Kurzleitlinie genannten Empfehlungen werden in der Langfassung der Leitlinie (Online‐Version des JDDG) detaillierter ausgeführt.
Bromocriptine quick‐release as adjunct therapy in youth and adults with type 1 diabetes: A randomized, placebo‐controlled crossover study
Authors: Tell Shoshana S. , Schafer Michal , Vigers Timothy , Baumgartner Amy D. , Lyon Ellen , Gross Susan , Polsky Sarit , Snell‐Bergeon Janet K. , Schauer Irene E. , Nadeau Kristen J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the potential for glycaemic, renal and vascular benefits of bromocriptine quick release (BCQR) in adolescents and adults with type 1 diabetes.Materials and MethodsForty adolescents and 40 adults with type 1 diabetes aged 12‐60 years old were enrolled in a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, random order crossover study of 4 weeks of treatment in the morning with BCQR (titrated weekly from 0.8 mg to 1.6 mg to 3.2 mg, minimum dose 1.6 mg). Study assessments after each phase included blood pressure (BP), lipids, peripheral arterial stiffness and autonomic function, mixed meal tolerance test, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, estimated insulin sensitivity, insulin dose and indirect calorimetry.ResultsAdolescents displayed baseline hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction and increased renal filtration compared with adults. In both age groups, continuous glucose monitoring measures, estimated insulin sensitivity and insulin dose did not differ with BCQR treatment. In adolescents, BCQR decreased systolic BP, diastolic BP and triangular index and increased serum creatinine. In adults, systolic BP, mean arterial pressure, systemic vascular resistance, and mixed meal tolerance test glucose and glucagon‐like peptide 1 areas under the curve were lower, and the orthostatic drop in systolic BP was greater with BCQR.ConclusionsGreater hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction and renal hyperfiltration in adolescents argues for increased attention during this high‐risk age period. Although BCQR had little impact on glycaemia or insulin sensitivity, initial vascular and renal responses suggest potential benefits of BCQR in adolescents and adults with type 1 diabetes requiring further study.
Does mixed ownership reform affect private firms’ ESG practices? Evidence from a quasi‐natural experiment in China
Authors: Cao June , Li Wenwen , Xiao Shujuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of property rights reform on private firms’ environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices. ESG investing has become mainstream and a hot topic globally, but it is a black box of corporate ESG practices and performance. Importantly, it is not clear how to specifically enhance private firms’ ESG practices. This study addresses this problem by exploring an ideal setting of China's mixed‐ownership reform in which private firms acquire equity in state‐owned enterprises (SOEs). We examine whether and how this reform affects private acquirer firms’ ESG practices. Using a powerful difference‐in‐differences design, we find that mixed‐ownership reform significantly enhances private firms’ ESG practices through heightened public scrutiny and the privileges of formal financing and government subsidies that are available due to the firms’ partial government ownership after mixed‐ownership reform. Our findings have policy implications for promoting ESG practices and SOE reform. Specifically, our empirical evidence indicates that mixed‐ownership reform can facilitate sustainable development for both SOEs and private firms.
The fuel–climate–fire conundrum: How will fire regimes change in temperate eucalypt forests under climate change?
Authors: McColl‐Gausden Sarah C. , Bennett Lauren T. , Clarke Hamish G. , Ababei Dan A. , Penman Trent D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFire regimes are changing across the globe in response to complex interactions between climate, fuel, and fire across space and time. Despite these complex interactions, research into predicting fire regime change is often unidimensional, typically focusing on direct relationships between fire activity and climate, increasing the chances of erroneous fire predictions that have ignored feedbacks with, for example, fuel loads and availability. Here, we quantify the direct and indirect role of climate on fire regime change in eucalypt dominated landscapes using a novel simulation approach that uses a landscape fire modelling framework to simulate fire regimes over decades to centuries. We estimated the relative roles of climate‐mediated changes as both direct effects on fire weather and indirect effects on fuel load and structure in a full factorial simulation experiment (present and future weather, present and future fuel) that included six climate ensemble members. We applied this simulation framework to predict changes in fire regimes across six temperate forested landscapes in south‐eastern Australia that encompass a broad continuum from climate‐limited to fuel‐limited. Climate‐mediated change in weather and fuel was predicted to intensify fire regimes in all six landscapes by increasing wildfire extent and intensity and decreasing fire interval, potentially led by an earlier start to the fire season. Future weather was the dominant factor influencing changes in all the tested fire regime attributes: area burnt, area burnt at high intensity, fire interval, high‐intensity fire interval, and season midpoint. However, effects of future fuel acted synergistically or antagonistically with future weather depending on the landscape and the fire regime attribute. Our results suggest that fire regimes are likely to shift across temperate ecosystems in south‐eastern Australia in coming decades, particularly in climate‐limited systems where there is the potential for a greater availability of fuels to burn through increased aridity.
Factors related to a sense of security with medical and long‐term care services among community‐dwelling middle‐aged and older adults in Japan
Authors: Fujita Junko , Fukui Sakiko , Fujikawa Aya , Iwahara Yuka , Ishikawa Takako 
Published: June 2022

AimThe aim of this study was to identify factors related to a sense of security with regard to medical and long‐term care services among middle‐aged and older adults. These are for consideration of strategies for the establishment of a community‐based integrated care system.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted in 2400 men and women aged ≥40 years in two cities. Survey items included a scale for sense of security for medical and long‐term care, experience of medical and long‐term care services, and social and demographic factors. Data were analyzed using univariate and multiple regression analyses.ResultsIn total, 945 respondents were included in the analysis. In multiple regression analysis, sense of security was significantly higher with ability to consult with medical professionals on medical and long‐term care, availability of emotional and instrumental support, norm of reciprocity in the community, community attachment, economic comfort, higher age and male gender, and significantly lower with experience of bereavement at a hospital and depression.ConclusionsThese findings stress the importance of facilitating consultation with medical professionals, support for caregivers of terminally ill patients, and mutual support in the community in a community‐based integrated care system. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 568–574.