bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protection of natural ecosystems using forest resources
Authors: Bulgakova M A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The modern conditions for the transformation of the national economy under the influence of the development of a green economy and digitalization create conditions for strengthening the impact of the existing ones and creating new threats to the environmental, economic and social security of the state. Global climate change and the adoption of public policies for the development of sustainable and balanced use of natural resources dictate the need to develop modern ways to improve the activities of law enforcement agencies to ensure the protection and protection of the natural ecosystems of the Russian Federation. The purpose of this study is to study the activities of the internal affairs bodies to ensure the environmental and economic security of the forest complex of Russia. During the study, the following methods were used: structural-logical analysis, non-participatory observation, methods of statistical grouping. As a result of the study, the author analyzed the dynamics of various indicators and individual measures that reflect the effectiveness of the internal affairs bodies in protecting and protecting forests. The proposed mechanism for countering threats to the environmental and economic security of forestry and industry by internal affairs bodies is comprehensive and practical. The use of the proposed tool will increase the effectiveness of public authorities in maintaining economic security and preserving forests as a natural resource.
The peculiarities of construction organizing of wind farms as a part of environmental engineering
Authors: Subbotin A S , Zharkov I G , Ratnikov I E 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The growth of electricity consumers is pushing for the construction of new renewable energy sources. One of them is wind energy. The peculiarities of organizing the construction of wind farms are associated with the use of special construction technologies, new mechanisms, minimizing the negative impact on the environment and remoteness from infrastructure.
Green economy perspectives in Africa: technological and institutional potential
Authors: Kalinichenko L N , Matveeva N F , Morozenskaya E V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article analyses the opportunities and forms of the national and regional ecological policy realization in Africa. Different ways of green technologies implementation in the spheres of climate smart agriculture, electricity provision, eco-industrial parks, blue economy projects are considered. Special attention is paid to targeted agroforestry and electricity programs as well as their practical use in African countries, including new farming and renewable energy methods. The ecological crisis overcoming with the help of green technologies development is accompanied by arising financial and social problems, such as aggravation of unemployment situation, depriving low-skilled workers and jobs. Solving the African problems dealing with green technologies introduction for reaching sustainable development is impossible without intensification of regional economic integration and international partnership.
The effect of a new protective-stimulating complex on the growth and development of spring wheat of the Ester variety under environmental stress
Authors: Trukhachev V I , Seregina I I , Belopukhov S L , Dmitrievskaya I I , Fomina T N , Zharkih O A , Zaitsev F I 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the research, the influence of protective-stimulating complexes on the growth and development of spring wheat plants of the Ester variety when grown in various water supply conditions was studied. The effect of protective-stimulating complexes of various compositions on the dynamics of biomass accumulation and assimilation surface of spring wheat plants under conditions of optimal water supply, drought and short-term waterlogging was studied. The negative effect of stressful conditions on wheat plants has been shown. A sharp change in the processes of accumulation of plant mass and photosynthetic surface of wheat plants was revealed. Under the conditions of exposure to waterlogging in the control variant, three stages of plant development can be noted: the accumulation of biomass before the onset of the stressor, positive dynamics during the stressor period and negative dynamics during the repair period. The use of protective and stimulating complexes of various compositions had a positive effect on the growth and development of wheat plants during the growing season. In the variants with the use of protective and stimulating complex (PSC) 1 and protective and stimulating complex 2, the following main stages can be noted: during the period of the stressor, there was a decrease in the area of the assimilation surface in the amount of about 20% of the initial state, however, during the repair period, the plants regained their original size and continued to grow, increasing the surface area by 50% and 70%, respectively. As a result, the increase in the area of the assimilation surface in plants of the variant with the use of protective and stimulating complex 1 was 40%, and in plants of the variant with the use of protective and stimulating complex 2 was 65%.
Methods for reducing the carbon footprint of industrial and construction facilities
Authors: Dolmatov S N , Kolesnikov P G , Smertin N V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Greater attention to technologies that reduce the carbon footprint is a consistent trend in the development of the world economy at the present stage. International agreements (the Kyoto and Paris Climate Agreements) create a regulatory ground for reducing carbon emissions into the atmosphere and greenhouse gases. Reducing CO2 emissions will require the adoption of modern principles for buildings and constructions design. Scientific substantiation of the stages and the life cycle of building structures with a limited operating time, taking into account the introduction of modern construction materials, is an effective way to reduce CO2 emissions in the industrial sector and in the field of residential municipal construction.
Territorial and geographical aspects of sable extraction, harvesting and sale of its skins - from Ancient Russia to the Russian Federation
Authors: Shadyul L V , Vashukevich Y E , Vashukevich E V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article is devoted to territorial and geographical aspects of the fur trade formation and development in different periods of Russian history. The data of various departmental and literary sources on sable extraction volumes, starting from the 6th century AD, are analysed. Until now. The authors relying on the collected data have tried to clarify the dynamics of extraction the most valuable type of commercial fur. The information received from the largest fur fairs in Tsarist Russia, and later from international fur auctions, has been studied. It has been established that the data of various official reports and other literary sources differ to a large extent, which does not allow establishing the exact volumes of sable extraction with a high degree of reliability. It was confirmed that by the 30s of the 20th century, the sable was practically destroyed in most of the range, which required the adoption of measures to restore the species over several years. The article discusses development of the system of procurement and sale of sable skins, examples of selling prices in different historical periods are given. The dynamics of the preparation of sable skins in the Soviet and market periods is shown. The reasons for price fluctuations in the world fur market are revealed.
Growth and development analysis of silver Brium (Bryum argentium Hedw.) depending on illumination level influence
Authors: Kozlova E A , Orlova E E , Zubik I N , Simakhin M V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In modern ornamental gardening, there are many types and varieties of plants. In recent decades, representatives of bryophytes group (Bryophyta), in particular, silver Brium (Bryum argenteum Hedw.), have been especially popular. This moss is not only one of the most popular moss types used for decorative purposes, but it can also be considered a good subject for biomonitoring. Bryophytes are used as sources of information about environment state, which directly affects surrounding living objects life. The use of bryophytes makes it possible to detect places of pollution, to assess the harmfulness of pollutants, which, in turn, makes it possible to assess of environment changes rate. During our research, illumination level influence on the growth and development of silver Brium, in particular on the indicators of plant height and the number of plants per unit area, was established.
Development of a Software Package for Digital Forest Inventory Based on Aerial Photography Data
Authors: Yu Prosekov A , Rada A O , Kuznetsov A D , Timofeev A E , Osintseva M A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
When clearing protective strips for linear infrastructure such as power lines, it is important to minimize tree felling. The purpose of the study is to develop and test a software package for digital forest inventory of tree and shrub vegetation in the zones of linear infrastructure facilities. In the study, a software package for digital forest inventory based on aerial photography with UAVs was developed and tested, based on the methods of multilayer perceptron and a self-organizing network based on competition (Kohonen network). The approbation has shown that it allows to accurately identifying the presence and height of trees and shrubs in the protection zones, to obtain precise coordinates for planning clearing works. At present, the areas of the territory where it is necessary to remove trees and shrubs are determined manually with an overestimation of 25-50%. Therefore, the use of a software package for digital forest inventory allows you to save up to 0.8 hectares of trees and shrubs per 1 kilometre of the length of the power transmission line, as well as save about 27 thousand rubles (about 375 US dollars) per 1 kilometre during work.
Numerical simulation of collection efficiency in separator with inclined double-T elements
Authors: Zinurov V E , Kharkov V V , Salakhova E I , Vakhitov M R , Kuznetsov M G 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article considers the problem of improving efficiency for capturing solid particles in the production of silicon dioxide. The authors propose a separator with inclined double-T elements. The operating principle of the device is described. It is shown that particles are captured from gas due to centrifugal forces when they pass through elements. The main parameters affecting the collection efficiency of the separator are the inlet gas velocity, which determines the centrifugal force of the swirls, the particle density, and the diameter of the particles determining the inertial knocking out of the structured flow. Numerical simulations have shown the device’s efficiency with inclined double-T elements in collecting fumed silica solids of 1 to 15 μm in size, a density of 2000 to 3000 kg/m3, and the inlet velocity of 3 to 10 m/s changes from 20.8 to 100%. Pressure loss of separator with inclined double-T elements is 168 to 1880 Pa at inlet gas velocity from 3 to 10 m/s.
Substantiation of cultivator points form of the lowest draught for stratifier tillage machine
Authors: Syromyatnikov Yu N , Belykh A V , Ivanov A A , Kalimullin M N , Lopareva S G , Luchinovich A A , Loparev D V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Soil cultivating loosening and separating stratifier machine performs soil detachment by separating lumps according to the working depth. When lifting and separating soil, the rotor rippers carry weeds onto the treated field surface. The machine can be used in systems of “No till” technologies, however, in order to reduce the energy intensity of operations on soil cultivation by a mechanical method, when developing soil-cultivating loosening-separating machines, it is important to substantiate the form of the cultivator points of the lowest draught. The cultivator points of the tillage machine are designed for cutting the soil layer, directing the soil to the loosening-separating device. The indicator of the energy intensity of the process is the resistance force of the movement of the cultivator points in the soil. To find the extremum of the functional, the direct method of the Ritz calculus of variations was used. As a result, a graph is obtained that depicts the shape of the line of the lowest draught. In order to determine the reliability of the results of theoretical studies, the energy indicators of the operation of the cultivator points device for cutting and lifting soil were calculated. The cultivator points with a theoretically substantiated profile, compared to the sidewall of the straight profile, have draught of 38.5%.
The influence of mineral inclusions on the heat efficiency of the enclosing construction from wood-cement composite in the rural house building
Authors: Dolmatov S N , Yu Maksimovich E , Kalimullin M N , Tihonov E A , Kamenchukov A V , Loparev D V , Sokolova V A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Reducing the cost of maintaining housing objects inevitably leads to the development of energy-saving technologies and building materials. Cost reduction is achieved by reducing heat losses through walls and floors of buildings and structures. Wood-cement composite materials are attractive not only from the point of view of energy saving and reducing construction costs, but also as materials in the production of which woodworking waste is used, therefore, the problem of complex waste-free use of raw materials is solved. In the course of the research, the influence of mineral inclusions on the indicators of the thermal efficiency of enclosing structures made of wood-cement composite (wood concrete and sawdust concrete) was determined. The work was based on the use of physical modeling methods (finite element method) implemented in the Elcut software package. The value of the heat loss indicator, depending on the type of wood-cement composite and operating conditions, was 34.2…. 54.8 W/(m2·°C). The indicator of resistance to heat transfer is 0.58 … 2.2 (m2·°C)/W. The presence of mineral inclusions worsens the thermal performance of the enclosing structure by an average of 7%. The results obtained can be used in the design and operation of building structures made of wood-cement composites.
Simulation of the stress state during blade wear and optimal design of the grain crusher wheel
Authors: Dorodov P V , Kasatkin V V , Petrov V A , Lebedev L Y , Litvinyuk A A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Currently, in the manufacture of agricultural products in the process of feed preparation, closed-type grain crushers are widely used, working on the principle of suction of the starting material and injection of the finished product. This type of crushers undergoes significant abrasive wear of working bodies (drums, hammers, sieves, etc.) due to their suboptimal geometric shape of the transition surface, where local stresses accumulate, as well as in the areas of contact of parts with particles of gas-dispersed material. It is possible to investigate the causes of the rapid destruction of the working bodies of the crusher by theoretical methods and modeling of physical processes, which will increase the speed, economic efficiency, reliability in the design of components and mechanisms, as well as optimize the design of the upgraded paddle wheel. The paper presents a theoretical model of the stress state on the working surface of the blade, the adequacy of which is confirmed by experimental data with a correlation coefficient of more than 0.95. Studies have allowed optimizing the position of the blade, at which it must be positioned at an angle of 10 ° to the axis of the wheel of the crusher drum, while the contact stresses on the wear surface are distributed almost evenly. This design change will lead to uniform wear of the blade and, as a result, to an increase in durability and reliability of the crusher.
Problems of metrological support of measurements in irrigation systems
Authors: Bondareva G I , Leonov O A , Zh Shkaruba N , Temasova G N , Vergazova Y G 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Metrological activity in agriculture is not only a part of ensuring food security; measurement and control invisibly accompany both the production and the agricultural products processing. For the agro-industrial complex, it is especially important to control the accuracy of measuring water consumption, especially when irrigating crops and controlling soil moisture. The issues of metrological support in land melioration are considered. The analysis of the system of metrological support of the agro-industrial complex of Russia is carried out, a project for organizing a metrological service in land melioration under the Ministry of Agriculture is proposed. To highlight the discussed issue, the calculation of losses from the measurement errors with an annual water flow rate of 1,000,000 m3 is given; it is found that losses during control can be up to 50,000 m3, which in monetary terms are 1,250,000 rubles. It is recommended to pay special attention to the issues of introducing metering and control of water consumption, as well as ensuring the accuracy and uniformity of measurements. It is recommended to carry out annual calibration of flow measuring instruments.
About diagnostic features of Polygonum L. genus. Perianth
Authors: Tupitsyna N N 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The genus Polygonum is quite difficult to define due to its inherent biological characteristics. Purpose of the work: to analyze the shape of the perianth of representatives of different subsections of the section Polygonum of the genus and to determine its diagnostic value.For diagnostic purposes, in addition to the known signs, it is proposed to use the shape of the perianth, which is determined by the following indicators: the ratio of the length and width of the perianth; the presence and position of the greatest width (in the lower, middle, upper part) of the perianth; the position of the perianth lobes, characterizing the degree of its openness - closed (closed), converging (half-open), erect and diverging (open). Siberian representatives of the genus Polygonum have 8 perianth forms: tubular, water lily, oblong-ovate, ovate, funnel-shaped, bell-shaped, goblet, and cupped. The perianth forms correspond to the subsections of the Polygonum section: tubular - Salsuginea, water lily - Polygonum, funnel-shaped - Arenaria, bell-shaped - Oxysperma, goblet - Humifusa. The presence of an oblong-ovoid perianth in the representatives of the subsections Acetosa, Patula and some species of the subsection Arenaria can be explained by their genetic proximity, and the goblet shape in some species of the subsections Polygonum, Patula - by their hybridogenic nature. The results of the performed analysis of the perianth forms reflect the system of the river. Polygonum. Both the distribution of perianths by subsections of the typical section, and deviations from the typical perianth forms for subsections are explained in the materials on the system and phylogeny of the r. Polygonum, obtained by the methods of factorial and discriminatory analyzes, RAPD-analysis of populations and in the results of the analysis of nucleotide polymorphism of the ITS 1-2 region of nuclear rDNA by the methods of maximum economy (MP) and maximum likelihood (ML).
Sorption of copper ions by immobilized yeast with poroforming additives
Authors: Garanin R A , Lykov I N 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study is devoted to the study of the processes of sorption of copper ions by living cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, immobilized on calcium alginate. It is shown that the biosorbent formulation used by us is capable of efficiently absorbing copper ions from the solutions under study in the concentration range from 0.1 mol/l to 0.001 mo l/l. We have identified the optimal amount of calcium alginate, at which the resulting bio sorbent in the form of spheres with a diameter of 2-5 mm absorbs the maximum possible amount of copper ions. The use of pore-forming additives (activated carbon or diatomaceous earth) doubles the sorption of copper ions and increases the completeness of sorption. The effect of exposure on the completeness of sorption of copper ions was studied.
Natural vegetation of Krasnoyarsk
Authors: Antipova E M , Antipova S V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The nature of the vegetation cover in Krasnoyarsk is due to the location of its territory near the border of the forest-steppe and taiga natural zones and anthropogenic impact. Natural vegetation includes 9 classes of formations, 18 groups of formations and 78 formations. The richest are the steppes (3 classes of formations, 6 groups of formations and 27 formations) and meadows (3 classes of formations, 8 groups of formations and 21 formations). A significant part of the city is covered with residential and industrial buildings, asphalted and concreted areas and roads, where the vegetation cover has been completely destroyed. Inside some city micro-districts and quarters, courtyards, clumps of forest vegetation have been preserved, on the outskirts of the city, river banks, canals, islands, meadow and swampy areas, bush and aquatic vegetation are common, steppe areas are found on the southern slopes of the Yenisei banks.
Evolution of bacterial pathogens of fish and ways to preserve ecosystems
Authors: Yukhimenko L N , Pimenov N V , Bychkova L I , Ivannikova R F , Laishevtcev A I , Sh Navruzshoeva G 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
During the study period from 1979 to 2014 .a retrospective analysis of changes in the species composition of the bacterial flora of fish and water was carried out in connection with the transition from pond fish cultivation technology to industrial methods. Studies to determine the composition of the microflora of fish and microbiocenosis of water were carried out in various fish farms (Konakovsky Commercial sturgeon Breeding Plant, sturgeon commodity farm of LLC «BioAcustic», Novomichurinsky fish farm, Mozhaisk industrial and Experimental fish farm). The analysis of the ratio of aeromonads and opportunistic microflora in the etiology of bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia of fish was carried out. When studying the microbiocenosis of salmon and sturgeon fish, the predominance of anaerobic aeromonads and non-fermenting alkali-forming agents was established. When analyzing the microbiocenosis of water, a high level of the total microbial number was established. In the studied water samples, bacteria of the Escherichia coli group, aeromonads, acinetobacteria, moraxella, proteus and myxobacteria were detected.