bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Extraordinary Sequel: The ‘Russian’ Influenza and Enduring Sequelae in Victorian Culture
Authors: Krishnan Lakshmi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In 1895, the crime-writing duo of L. T. Meade and Clifford Halifax, MD, published ‘A Doctor’s Dilemma’ in The Strand Magazine. In it, the young physician Arthur Feveral describes a recent influenza outbreak which has left an ‘extraordinary sequel . . . My health is gone—my nerve has deserted me’. Influenza plays a central role in this fiction, but Feveral’s story is simply one of many – documentary and fictionalized – that populate the pages of late nineteenth-century British periodicals. The ‘Russian’ influenza pandemic of 1889–1894 was the last great European outbreak of the nineteenth century, leaving in its wake such widely discussed neurological effects (neurasthenia, psychosis, and melancholy) that they earned their own nosography: ‘influenza nervosa’. This paper examines the pandemic’s enduring cultural and biosocial impact through the framework of sequelae – chronic conditions arising in the aftermath of acute illness. Drawing on medical case histories, criminal reports, illness narratives, and works of fiction, it explores how the Victorians taxonomized and theorized such long-term effects of infectious disease. First, sequelae became a category separate from ‘complications’, vital to broader preoccupations with prolonged illness, uncertainty, and moral and bodily weakness and degeneracy, and the Victorians scaffolded around it notions of vigour and debility, difference, predisposition, and heredity. Second, they domesticated and repurposed colonial and tropical theories of hygiene as explanatory frameworks. Through close readings of ‘long influenza’ in the clinic and in fiction, this paper also frames the kinds of narratives which gained especial purchase, and the sufferers deemed both susceptible and sympathetic. Finally, it argues that the acute phase of infectious anxiety gave way to a longue durée of sequelae, and that Victorian responses provide critical insights and warnings for our own era.
The ‘Scourge of Modern Times’: Cholera, Race, and Empire in Early Nineteenth-Century British Illustrated Print Culture
Authors: Sciampacone Amanda 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic has brought to the fore concerns over the emergence of a new deadly disease, its rapid spread across global networks, and the ostensible threat posed by the Other. These concerns are not new. The emergence of an epidemic form of cholera in what European medics described as the fetid jungles of Bengal in 1817 and the five pandemics that swept across the world inspired similar fears. With cholera’s arrival in England in 1831, it took shape in the British cultural imagination as an Indian entity that threatened Britain not just with death, but with degeneration. As medics were unable to identify its cause, cholera was depicted both through its effects on the body and as an embodied figure. Medical and satiric illustrations attempted to make visible the invisible illness. In pictures of the cholera patient, the disease was framed not by its most visceral and racial effects, but by its most visible symptom: the body turned blue. It then became an embodied agent: first as an orientalized scarecrow supposedly used by doctors to frighten the populace and then as a malevolent spectre spreading death. Visually, cholera was characterized by the colour blue, which recalled another apparent product of India, indigo, and served to colonize medical knowledge through an acceptance of certain characteristics over others. Yet, circulated through print, these images depicted the horrors of the disease to the public, visually demonstrating how cholera could corrupt the English body and the heart of the British Empire.
Comprehensive profiling of myxopapillary ependymomas identifies a distinct molecular subtype with relapsing disease
Authors: Bockmayr Michael , Harnisch Kim , Pohl Lara C , Schweizer Leonille , Mohme Theresa , Körner Meik , Alawi Malik , Suwala Abigail K , Dorostkar Mario M , Monoranu Camelia M , Hasselblatt Martin , Wefers Annika K , Capper David , Hench Jürgen , Frank Stephan , Richardson Timothy E , Tran Ivy , Liu Elisa , Snuderl Matija , Engertsberger Lara , Benesch Martin , von Deimling Andreas , Obrecht Denise , Mynarek Martin , Rutkowski Stefan , Glatzel Markus , Neumann Julia E , Schüller Ulrich 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Myxopapillary ependymoma (MPE) is a heterogeneous disease regarding histopathology and outcome. The underlying molecular biology is poorly understood, and markers that reliably predict the patients’ clinical course are unknown.

Methods
We assembled a cohort of 185 tumors classified as MPE based on DNA methylation. Methylation patterns, copy number profiles, and MGMT promoter methylation were analyzed for all tumors, 106 tumors were evaluated histomorphologically, and RNA sequencing was performed for 37 cases. Based on methylation profiling, we defined two subtypes MPE-A and MPE-B, and explored associations with epidemiological, clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics of these tumors.

Results
MPE-A occurred at a median age of 27 years and were enriched with tumors demonstrating papillary morphology and MGMT promoter hypermethylation. Half of these tumors could not be totally resected, and 85% relapsed within 10 years. Copy number alterations were more common in MPE-A. RNA sequencing revealed an enrichment for extracellular matrix and immune system-related signatures in MPE-A. MPE-B occurred at a median age of 45 years and included many tumors with a histological diagnosis of WHO grade II and tanycytic morphology. Patients within this subtype had a significantly better outcome with a relapse rate of 33% in 10 years (P = 3.4e-06).

Conclusions
We unraveled the morphological and clinical heterogeneity of MPE by identifying two molecularly distinct subtypes. These subtypes significantly differed in progression-free survival and will likely need different protocols for surveillance and treatment.
Complications, compliance, and undertreatment do not explain the relationship between cognition and survival in diffuse glioma patients
Authors: van Kessel Emma , Krijnen Eva A , IJpelaar Suzanne , Huenges Wajer Irene M C , Ruis Carla , Seute Tatjana , De Vos Filip Y F L , Verhoeff Joost J C , Robe Pierre A , van Zandvoort Martine J E , Snijders Tom J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Cognitive deficits occur in all different grades of glioma. In a recent study, we found these deficits to be independently, and possibly causally, related to survival in diffuse gliomas. In this study, we investigated whether the relationship between cognition and survival was mediated by three different factors: undertreatment, complications of treatment, and compliance. We hypothesized that patients with cognitive impairment may undergo less intensive treatment, be less compliant, and suffer more from complications, resulting in shortened survival for cognitively impaired patients.

Methods
In a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing awake craniotomy between operative neuropsychological assessments in five cognitive domains. We used Structural Equation Modeling to perform mediation analyses. Mediation analyses are analyses to evaluate whether a variable is a factor in the causal chain, referred to as an intermediate factor.

Results
In total 254 patients were included, of whom 111 patients were LGG patients and 143 were HGG patients. The most frequently impaired domain was memory (37.8% ≤–2 SD) in HGG and attention and executive functioning in LGG (33.3≤–1.5 SD). We confirmed the significant association between different cognitive domains and survival. These associations could not be explained by one of the aforementioned intermediate factors.

Conclusions
This suggests that other mechanisms should be involved in the relation between cognition and survival. Hypothetically, cognitive functioning can act as a marker for diffuse infiltration of the tumor or cognitive functioning and survival could be determined by overlapping germline and somatic tumoral molecular-genetic factors.
Low-energy adsorptive separation by zeolites
Authors: Bai Ruobing , Song Xiaowei , Yan Wenfu , Yu Jihong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Separation of mixture is always necessarily required in modern industry, especially in fine chemical, petrochemical, coal chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The challenge of the separation process is usually associated with small molecules with very similar physical and chemical properties. Among the separation techniques, the commonly used high-pressure cryogenic distillation process with combination of high pressure and very low temperature is heavily energy-consuming, which accounts for the major production costs as well as 10–15% of the world's energy consumption. To this end, the adsorptive separation process based on zeolite sorbents is a promising lower-energy alternative and the performance is directly determined by the zeolite sorbents. In this review, we surveyed the separation mechanisms based on the steric, equilibrium, kinetic and ‘trapdoor’ effect, and summarized the recent advances in adsorptive separation via zeolites including CO2, light olefins, C8 aromatics and hydrogen isotopes. Furthermore, we provided the perspectives on the rational design of zeolite sorbents for the absolute separation of mixtures.
The middle Cambrian Linyi Lagerstätte from the North China Craton: a new window on Cambrian evolutionary fauna
Authors: Sun Zhixin , Zhao Fangchen , Zeng Han , Luo Cui , Van Iten Heyo , Zhu Maoyan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The rapid appearance of major animal groups and complex marine communities during the Cambrian explosion is recorded in large part in Burgess Shale-type lagerstätten. However, the restricted temporal and spatial distribution of known lagerstätten continues to hinder the formation of a comprehensive perspective on Cambrian evolutionary faunas. Here we describe the Linyi Lagerstätte (ca. 504 mya), a new Cambrian Miaolingian lagerstätte from the Zhangxia Formation in Shandong Province, North China. The Linyi Lagerstätte contains a variety of well-preserved soft-bodied fossils, among which the non-trilobite arthropods, particularly the mollisoniids and radiodonts, are the most important groups. The new assemblage is remarkable for its excellent preservation of arthropod limbs, eyes and guts, as well as for its close similarity in taxonomic composition to Laurentian lagerstätten. The distinctive Linyi Lagerstätte holds great promise for providing additional insights into the morphological disparity, community structure and paleogeographic range of marine faunas during the middle Cambrian (Miaolingian).
Dolutegravir Resistance in Malawi’s National HIV Treatment Program
Authors: van Oosterhout Joep J , Chipungu Chifundo , Nkhoma Lyse , Kanise Hope , Hosseinipour Mina C , Sagno Jean Babtiste , Simon Katherine , Cox Carrie , Hoffman Risa , Steegen Kim , Matola Bilaal W , Phiri Sam , Jahn Andreas , Nyirenda Rose , Heller Tom 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Dolutegravir HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) data from Africa remain sparse. We reviewed HIVDR results of Malawians on dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy (November 2020–September 2021). Of 6462 eligible clients, 33 samples were submitted to South Africa, 27 were sequenced successfully, and 8 (30%) had dolutegravir HIVDR. Malawi urgently requires adequate HIVDR testing capacity.
Nonpharmacologic Factors Affecting Milk Production in Pump-Dependent Mothers of Critically Ill Infants
Authors: Bendixen Marion M. , Iapicca Larissa C. , Parker Leslie A. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Improved health outcomes for critically ill infants including neurodevelopmental, immunological, and cost benefits are dependent upon the dose and duration of mother's own milk feedings. However, mothers of infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) must express their milk (pump-dependent) and often struggle with milk production.

Purpose:
To examine the state of the science on nonpharmacologic modifiable expression factors that may influence milk production in pump-dependent mothers of critically ill infants admitted to the NICU.

Data Sources:
PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL databases from 2005 to 2020.

Search Strategy:
Guided by the lactation conceptual model, the authors searched for peer-reviewed studies with terms related to milk volume, pump dependency, critically ill infants, and modifiable factors, which may influence milk volume and assessed 46 eligible studies.

Data Extraction:
Data were extracted by 3 reviewers with a systematic staged review approach.

Results:
Evidence from 26 articles found expressed milk volume may be influenced by multiple potentially modifiable factors. Simultaneous expression with a hospital-grade electric pump at least 5 times per day beginning 3 to 6 hours after delivery, and adding complementary techniques including hand expression, hands-on-pumping, music, breast massage, warm compresses, skin-to-skin care, and the mother expressing near her infant may promote increased milk volume.

Implications for Practice and Research:
Healthcare providers should assist pump-dependent mothers with early initiation and frequent milk removal with a hospital-grade breast pump. Further research is needed to explore optimal frequency of expressions, dose and timing of skin-to-skin care, and other targeted strategies to improve expressed milk volume.
Improving Safe Infant Sleep Compliance Through Implementation of a Safe Sleep Bundle
Authors: Sacks Alicia M. , Fitzgerald Jennifer , Boerste Laura A. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Sleep-related infant deaths continue to be a significant public health issue that nondiscriminately impacts family units with increased risk notably in premature infants discharged home from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The American Academy of Pediatrics endorses the use of safe sleep practices with specific recognition of the unique challenges faced in the NICU setting.

Purpose:
The purpose of this quality improvement (QI) project was to implement a safe sleep bundle and evaluate its effectiveness in improving caregiver compliance to safe sleep practices in a level III NICU at a large joint military medical facility.

Methods:
A QI initiative with a pre- and postanalysis was performed using a convenience method of sampling. Infants 32 weeks or more post-menstrual age in a level III NICU were analyzed pre- and post-interventions. The intervention included a safe sleep bundle that encompassed: (1) policy update, (2) standardized sleep sacks, (3) crib cards and certificates, and (4) creation of a provider order set in the electronic health record (EHR). A standardized crib audit tool evaluated sleep and bed position, items in the crib, order set in the EHR with consideration of special medical circumstances.

Results:
Postintervention assessment after the implementation resulted in a significant improvement of overall safe sleep compliance modeled by NICU staff, increasing to 100% from a baseline of 18% pre-intervention (P = .029).

Implications for Practice and Research:
Role-modeling behaviors of clinical staff may reduce the risk of sleep-related infant deaths upon discharge. A multifactorial approach can leverage successful strategies for improving safe sleep compliance in a NICU setting.
Tobacco, but Neither Cannabis Smoking Nor Co-Drug Use, Is Associated With Hearing Loss in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011 to 2012 and 2015 to 2016
Authors: Baiduc Rachael R. , Sun Joshua W. , Spankovich Christopher , Vance Eric A. 
Published: April 2022

Introduction:
A relationship between tobacco smoking and hearing loss has been reported; associations with cannabis smoking are unknown. In this cross-sectional population-based study, we examined relationships between hearing loss and smoking (tobacco, cannabis, or co-drug use).

Methods:
We explored the relationship between hearing loss and smoking among 2705 participants [mean age = 39.41 (SE: 0.36) years] in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011 to 12; 2015 to 16). Smoking status was obtained via questionnaire; four mutually exclusive groups were defined: nonsmokers, current regular cannabis smokers, current regular tobacco smokers, and co-drug users. Hearing sensitivity (0.5 to 8 kHz) was assessed, and two puretone averages (PTAs) computed: low- (PTA0.5,1,2) and high-frequency (PTA3,4,6,8). We defined hearing loss as threshold >15 dB HL. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine sex-specific associations between smoking and hearing loss in the poorer ear (selected based on PTA0.5,1,2) adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, hypertension, diabetes, education, and noise exposure with sample weights applied.

Results:
In the age-sex adjusted model, tobacco smokers had increased odds of low- and high-frequency hearing loss compared with non-smokers [odds ratio (OR) = 1.58, 95% confidence ratio (CI): 1.05 to 2.37 and OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.58 to 2.45, respectively]. Co-drug users also had greater odds of low- and high-frequency hearing loss [OR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.10 to 3.91 and OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.27 to 3.96, respectively]. In the fully adjusted multivariable model, compared with non-smokers, tobacco smokers had greater odds of high-frequency hearing loss [multivariable adjusted odds ratio = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.28-2.09]. However, in the fully adjusted model, there were no statistically significant relationships between hearing loss (PTA0.5,1,2 or PTA3,4,6,8) and cannabis smoking or co-drug use.

Discussion:
Cannabis smoking without concomitant tobacco consumption is not associated with hearing loss. However, sole use of cannabis was relatively rare and the prevalence of hearing loss in this population was low, limiting generalizability of the results. This study suggests that tobacco smoking may be a risk factor for hearing loss but does not support an association between hearing loss and cannabis smoking. More definitive evidence could be derived using physiological measures of auditory function in smokers and from longitudinal studies.
The Impact of Job Loss on Self-injury Mortality in a Cohort of Autoworkers
Authors: Dufault Suzanne M. , Chen Kevin T. , Picciotto Sally , Neophytou Andreas M. , Eisen Ellen A. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Recent increases in national rates of suicide and fatal overdose have been linked to a deterioration of economic and social stability. The American auto industry experienced comparable pressures beginning in the 1980s with the emergence of a competitive global market.

Methods:
Using the United Autoworkers-General Motors (GM) cohort as a case study, we examine the impact of employment loss on these self-injury mortality events. For 29,538 autoworkers employed on or after 1 January 1970, we apply incremental propensity score interventions, a novel causal inference approach, to examine how proportional shifts in the odds of leaving active GM employment affect the cumulative incidence of self-injury mortality.

Results:
Cumulative incidence of self-injury mortality was 0.87% (255 cases) at the observed odds of leaving active GM employment (δ = 1) over a 45-year period. A 10% decrease in the odds of leaving active GM employment (δ = 0.9) results in an estimated 8% drop in self-injury mortality (234 cases) while a 10% increase (δ = 1.1) results in a 19% increase in self-injury mortality (303 cases).

Conclusions:
These results are consistent with the hypothesis that leaving active employment at GM increases the risk of death due to suicide or drug overdose.
Joint Models for Estimating Determinants of Cognitive Decline in the Presence of Survival Bias
Authors: Davis-Plourde Kendra L. , Mayeda Elizabeth Rose , Lodi Sara , Filshtein Teresa , Beiser Alexa , Gross Alden L. , Seshadri Sudha , Glymour M. Maria , Tripodis Yorghos 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Identifying determinants of cognitive decline is crucial for developing strategies to prevent Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. However, determinants of cognitive decline remain elusive, with inconsistent results across studies. One reason could be differential survival. Cognitive decline and many exposures of interest are associated with mortality making survival a collider. Not accounting for informative attrition can result in survival bias. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) and linear mixed-effects model (LME) are commonly used to estimate effects of exposures on cognitive decline, but both assume mortality is not informative. Joint models combine LME with Cox proportional hazards models to simultaneously estimate cognitive decline and the hazard of mortality.

Methods:
Using simulations, we compared estimates of the effect of a binary exposure on rate of cognitive decline from GEE, weighted GEE using inverse-probability-of-attrition weights, and LME to joint models under several causal structures of survival bias.

Results:
We found that joint models with correctly specified relationship between survival and cognition performed best, producing unbiased estimates and appropriate coverage. Even those with misspecified relationship between survival and cognition showed advantage under causal structures consistent with survival bias. We also compared these models in estimating the effect of education on cognitive decline after dementia diagnosis using Framingham Heart Study data. Estimates of the effect of education on cognitive decline from joint models were slightly attenuated with similar precision compared with LME.

Conclusions:
In our study, joint models were more robust than LME, GEE, and weighted GEE models when evaluating determinants of cognitive decline.
Thyroid Bioassay and Dose Assessment System for 125I at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Authors: Reif Ronald H. , Lopes Dan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) conducts research involving 125I. When an individual handles or works near unsealed radioiodine, including 125I, above certain activities bioassays are required or may be required. Because of the quantities of 125I being used for a research protocol, a thyroid bioassay and dose assessment system and procedure was developed to comply with this requirement. This procedure includes detector calibration, quality control, determination of recording level, determination of minimum detectable activity, thyroid bioassay (baseline, routine, special, and termination measurements), and intake and dose assessment calculations.
An Active Dose Measurement Device for Ultra-short, Ultra-intense Laser Facilities
Authors: Wei Shuoyang , Gong Hui , Song Honghu , Hu Ankang , Xiong Jun , Zhang Hui , Li Junli , Qiu Rui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Ultra-short, ultra-intense laser facilities could produce ultra-intense pulsed radiation fields. Currently, only passive detectors are fit for dose measurement in this circumstance. Since the laser device could generate a dose up to tens of mSv outside the chamber in tens of picoseconds, resulting in a high instantaneous dose rate of ~107 Sv s−1, it is necessary to perform real-time dose measurement to ensure the safety of nearby workers. Due to fast response and excellent radiation resistance, a diamond-based dose measurement device was designed and developed, and its dose-rate response and its feasibility for such occasions were characterized. The measurement results showed that the detector had a good dose-rate linearity in the range of 3.39 mGy h−1 to 10.58 Gy h−1 for an x-ray source with energy of 39 keV to 208 keV. No saturation phenomenon was observed, and the experimental results were consistent with the results obtained from Monte Carlo simulation. The charge collection efficiency was about 80%. Experimental measurements and simulations with this dose measurement device were carried out based on the “SG-II” laser device. The experimental and simulation results preliminarily verified the feasibility of using the diamond detector to measure the dose generated by ultra-short, ultra-intense laser devices. The results provided valuable information for the follow-up real-time dose measurement work of ultra-short, ultra-intense laser devices.