bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy Restores the Quantity and Phenotype of Circulating Dendritic Cells and CD4+ T Cells in Children With Acute Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Wang Nana , Chen Zhongyue , Zhang Fan , Zhang Qianwen , Sun Ling , Lv Haitao , Wang Bo , Shen Jie , Zhou Xufang , Chen Feiyan , Zhang Binwei , Meng Lijun , Zhou Huiting , Bai ZhenJiang , Huang Jie 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundIntravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) showed its therapeutic efficacy on Kawasaki disease (KD). However, the mechanisms by which it reduces systemic inflammation are not completely understood. Dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells play critical roles in the pathogenic processes of immune disorders. Assessing the quantity of DC subsets and T cells and identifying functional molecules present on these cells, which provide information about KD, in the peripheral blood may provide new insights into the mechanisms of immunoglobulin therapy.MethodsIn total, 54 patients with KD and 27 age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study. The number, percentage, and phenotype of DC subsets and CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood were analyzed through flow cytometry.ResultsPatients with KD exhibited fewer peripheral DC subsets and CD4+ T cells than HCs. Human leucocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) expression was reduced on CD1c+ myeloid DCs (CD1c+ mDCs), whereas that on plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) did not change significantly. Both pDCs and CD1c+ mDCs displayed significantly reduced expression of co-stimulatory molecules, including CD40, CD86. pDCs and CD1c+ mDCs presented an immature or tolerant phenotype in acute stages of KD. Number of circulating pDC and CD1c+ mDC significantly inversely correlated with plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in KD patients pre-IVIG treatment. No significant differences were found concerning the DC subsets and CD4+ T cells in patients with KD with and without coronary artery lesions. Importantly, these altered quantity and phenotypes on DC subsets and CD4+ T cells were restored to a great extent post-IVIG treatment. T helper (Th) subsets including Th1 and Th2 among CD4+ T cells did not show alteration pre- and post-IVIG treatment, although the Th1-related cytokine IFN-γ level in plasma increased dramatically in patients with KD pre-IVIG treatment.ConclusionspDCs and CD1c+ mDCs presented an immature or tolerant phenotype in acute stages of KD, IVIG treatment restored the quantity and functional molecules of DCs and CD4+ T cells to distinct levels in vivo, indicating the involvement of DCs and CD4+ T cells in the inflammation in KD. The findings provide insights into the immunomodulatory actions of IVIG in KD.
Comparison of a New Optical Biometer That Combines Scheimpflug Imaging With Partial Coherence Interferometry With That of an Optical Biometer Based on Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography and Placido-Disk Topography
Authors: Chen Shihao , Zhang Qiaoyue , Savini Giacomo , Zhang Shuangzhe , Huang Xiaomin , Yu Jinjin , Wang Yirang , Ning Rui , Huang Jinhai , Tu Ruixue 
Published: February 2022

PurposeTo evaluate measurement precision and to compare the Pentacam AXL (Oculus Optikgeräte, Wetzlar, German), a new optical biometer based on Scheimpflug imaging and partial coherence interferometry (PCI) with that of the OA-2000 biometer (Tomey, Nagoya, Japan), which combines swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and Placido-disk topography.MethodsAxial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), aqueous depth (AQD), mean keratometry (Km), astigmatism vectors J0, J45, and corneal diameter (CD) were measured in triplicate by two technical operators. Within-subject standard deviation (Sw), repeatability and reproducibility (2.77 Sw), coefficient of variation (CoV), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to assess the Pentacam AXL intra-observer repeatability and inter-observer reproducibility. Paired t-test and Bland-Altman plots were used to determine the agreement between the two biometers.ResultsThe new optical biometer had high intra-observer repeatability [all parameters evaluated had low CoV (&lt;0.71%) and high ICC (&gt;0.88)]. Inter-observer reproducibility was also excellent, with high ICC (&gt;0.95) and low CoV (&lt;0.52%). The 95% LoA between the new biometer and OA-2000 were insignificant for most of the parameters evaluated, especially for AL. However, the measurement agreement was moderate for CCT.ConclusionsIntra-observer repeatability and inter-observer reproducibility were excellent for all parameters evaluated using the new optical biometer based on Scheimpflug imaging and PCI. There was a high agreement between the two devices and hence could be clinically interchangeable for the measurement of most ocular parameters.
Health Professions Educational Debt: Personal, Professional, and Psychological Impacts 5 Years Post-graduation
Authors: Webster Patrick , North Sara E. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionCost burden in health professions education is rising. To bridge the gap between growing tuition and stagnating wages, student loans are increasingly obtained to cover educational costs. The spiraling after-effects are a source of acute concern, raising alarms across institutions and occupations. There is little dissemination to date of feasible data collection strategies and outcomes beyond 1 year post-graduation. Research is needed in evaluating the impacts of healthcare educational debt on career and personal choices following transition to practice.Materials and MethodsThis study utilized a cross-sectional, mixed methods design. Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) Program graduates 5 years following degree completion completed a quantitative online survey, with topics including debt-to-income ratio, educational debt repayment strategies, impact on personal factors, non-education debt, and perceived value of their health professions education. Subsequent phone interviews were conducted by student researchers to gain insights into alumni perceptions of the impacts of educational debt on personal and professional decision-making. Data analysis involved descriptive and correlational quantitative statistics and open and axial coding of interview constructs.ResultsThe mixed methods format was successful in obtaining desired depth of response data. Quantitative findings demonstrated primary factors impacted by educational debt as savings, housing, leisure, discretionary spending, and family planning. Qualitative findings revealed impacts on themes of “personal factors” (81%), “professional factors” (62.5%), and “psychological factors” (56%) 5 years after graduation. Most negatively impacted were housing decisions, hours worked, initial job selection, and ability to save for the future, contributing to decreased mental health wellbeing with anxiety, frustration, and guilt. The majority (75%) of respondents perceived a high degree of value during and following their DPT education, though many expressed discordance between expectations and realities of practice.DiscussionFindings demonstrate that impacts of health professional educational debt in professional, personal, and psychological factors continue 5 years following degree completion, regardless of debt load. Successful implementation of this pilot methodology indicates potential for use of such extended data collection strategies. Further research is needed at the programs, profession, and/or interprofessional level to garner depth of understanding to guide interventions designed to mitigate or prevent these long-term repercussions.
The Global Status and Trends of Enteropeptidase: A Bibliometric Study
Authors: Yang Xiaoli , Yin Hua , Peng Lisi , Zhang Deyu , Li Keliang , Cui Fang , Xia Chuanchao , Huang Haojie , Li Zhaoshen 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundEnteropeptidase (EP) is a type II transmembrane serine protease and a physiological activator of trypsinogen. Extensive studies related to EP have been conducted to date. However, no bibliometric analysis has systematically investigated this theme. Our study aimed to visualize the current landscape and frontier trends of scientific achievements on EP, provide an overview of the past 120 years and insights for researchers and clinicians to facilitate future collaborative research and clinical intervention.MethodsQuantitative analysis of publications relating to EP from 1900 to 2020 was interpreted and graphed through the Science Citation Index Expanded of Web of Science Core Collection (limited to SCIE). Microsoft office 2019, GraphPad Prism 8, VOSviewer, and R-bibliometrix were used to conduct the bibliometric analysis.ResultsFrom 1900 to 2020, a total of 1,034 publications were retrieved. The USA had the largest number of publications, making the greatest contribution to the topic (n = 260, 25.15%). Active collaborations between countries/regions were also enrolled. Grant and Hermontaylor were perhaps the most impactful researchers in the landscape of EP. Protein Expression and Purification and the Journal of Biological Chemistry were the most prevalent (79/1,034, 7.64%) and cited journals (n = 2,626), respectively. Using the top 15 citations and co-citations achievements clarified the theoretical basis of the EP research field. Important topics mainly include the structure of EP, the affective factors for activating substrates by EP, EP-related disorders, and inhibitors of EP.ConclusionBased on the bibliometric analysis, we have gained a comprehensive analysis of the global status and research frontiers of studies investigating EP, which provides some guidance and reference for researchers and clinicians engaged in EP research.
Protective Role of Rheumatic Diseases Against Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Human Leukocyte Antigen B27 Highlighted
Authors: Ye Junna , Xie Peilin , Zhou Zhuochao , Sun Yue , Wang Fan , You Yijun , Teng Jialin , Yang Chengde , Zhang Xinxin , Han Yue 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundBy determining the hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) positive rate postexposure and HBV-specific antigen/antibody (Ag/Ab) level in patients with rheumatic diseases, we aimed at exploring the rheumatic link to HBV control.MethodsPatients who underwent HBV screening in the Ruijin Hospital from 2020 to 2021 were enrolled for the exposure rate estimation. Among antibody to HBV core antigen (HBcAb)-positive patients, we adopted propensity score matching (PSM) to study the impact of rheumatism on HBsAg seroprevalence after exposure. A second PSM evaluated the Ag/Ab differences. We also had HBsAg prevalence in human leukocyte antigen B2 (HLA-B27) tested patients studied.ResultsWith 33,989 screened patients, exposure rates remained comparable between rheumatic and non-rheumatic patients: 48.94 vs. 49.86%. PSM first yielded 2,618 balanced pairs. We observed significantly fewer patients with rheumatic diseases in HBsAg positive cases than negative ones (p&lt; 0.001). In the second round, PSM matched 279 pairs, HBsAg (p&lt; 0.001) and HBeAg (p&lt; 0.05) positivity rates were significantly lower in the rheumatic patients, whereas HBsAb positivity rate (p&lt; 0.001) and level (p&lt; 0.01) were significantly higher. Though the value of HBcAb was overall significantly lower (p&lt; 0.001) within the realm of rheumatic diseases, patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) demonstrated a significantly higher value than other rheumatic diseases. We saw significantly fewer HBV infections in HLA-B27 positive subjects than in the negative ones (p&lt; 0.001).ConclusionIn this propensity score-matched study, rheumatic patients had an advantage in HBV control. In rheumatic patients, HBcAb levels, together with the beneficial role of HLA-B27, were highlighted.
Dietary Vitamins A, C, and Potassium Intake Is Associated With Narrower Retinal Venular Caliber
Authors: Edo Ayaka , Ibrahim Diah Gemala , Hirooka Kazuyuki , Toda Rie , Kamaruddin Muhammad Irfan , Kawano Reo , Nagao Akiko , Ohno Haruya , Yoneda Masayasu , Kiuchi Yoshiaki 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe retinal vasculature, a surrogate for the systemic microvasculature, can be observed non-invasively, providing an opportunity to examine the effects of modifiable factors, such as nutrient intake, on microcirculation. We aimed to investigate the possible associations of dietary nutrient intake with the retinal vessel caliber.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, a total of 584 participants in a medical survey of Japanese descendants living in Los Angeles in 2015 underwent a dietary assessment, fundus photographic examination, and comprehensive physical and blood examinations. Retinal vessel caliber was measured using fundus photographs with a semi-automated computer system and summarized as central retinal artery and vein equivalents (CRAE and CRVE). The association between dietary nutrient intake and retinal vessel caliber was analyzed using a multivariate linear regression model adjusted for two models including potential confounders. The first model was adjusted for age and sex. The second model was adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, history of coronary heart disease, and history of stroke.ResultsAfter adjustment of potential confounders, compared to the quartile with the lowest intake, the difference in CRVE for the highest quartile was −5.33 μm [95% confidence interval (CI): −9.91 to −0.76, P for trend = 0.02] for vitamin A, −4.93 μm (95% CI: −9.54 to −0.32, P for trend = 0.02) for vitamin C and −3.90 μm (95% CI: −8.48 to 0.69, P for trend = 0.04) for potassium.ConclusionsA significant association was observed between higher vitamins A, C and potassium intakes and narrower retinal venular caliber.
Estrogen-Induced Extracellular Calcium Influx Promotes Endometrial Cancer Progress by Regulating Lysosomal Activity and Mitochondrial ROS
Authors: Shen Boqiang , Hao Juan , Lin Yanying , Li Xingchen , Yang Xiao , Huang Ting , Wang Jiaqi , Jia Yuanyuan , Zhou Jingyi , Wang Jianliu 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveCalcium is present in serum mainly in filterable and bound forms, and Ca2+ is a major key to modulate signaling pathways that control oncogenesis and oncochannels associated with several types of cancer. However, the biological significance of serum calcium and its related mechanism with estrogen in endometrial cancer (EC) still remains elusive. This study aims to ascertain the relationship between serum calcium and clinicopathology in EC.MethodsRetrospective assessment of a total of 502 patients diagnosed with EC after surgery in Peking University People's Hospital from 2010 to 2018. Preoperative serum ionized calcium and the albumin corrected calcium was calculated in quartiles for various postoperative clinicopathological characteristics, logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders. Intracellular calcium homeostasis change induced by estrogen was detected by confocal analysis. Downstream pathways were analyzed by transcriptome and proteomics. Mitochondrial Ca2+ and ROS (reactive oxygen species) level was detected by confocal and flow cytometry. Lysosomal morphological and membrane changes were verified by confocal or Western blot assays.ResultsHigh level of albumin-corrected serum calcium was significantly correlated with EC clinicopathological characteristics progression include lymph vascular space invasion, lymph nodes metastasis, myometrial invasion, and cervical invasion. Calcium homeostasis regulated by estrogen in EC cells derived from extracellular calcium influx but not the release of the endoplasmic reticulum. Proteomic and bioinformatic analysis revealed the calcium influx might be involved in the regulation of autophagy and mitochondrial-related pathways. Mechanistic investigation demonstrated that calcium influx acted on the function of mitochondrial ROS and lysosomal activity.ConclusionOur findings revealed that serum calcium level was significantly related to poor outcomes. The extracellular calcium influx induced by estrogen was targeted to mitochondrial ROS and lysosome activity, which should be oriented to improve EC therapeutic strategies.
Association Between CD4/CD8 Ratio Recovery and Chronic Kidney Disease Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy: A 17-Year Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Qin Fengxiang , Lv Qing , Hong Wen , Wei Di , Huang Kui , Lan Ke , Chen Rongfeng , Liu Jie , Liang Bingyu , Liang Huayue , Liang Hao , Qin Shanfang , Ye Li , Jiang Junjun 
Published: February 2022

Background:CD4/CD8 ratio is considered as an emerging biomarker for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related diseases. However, the relationship of CD4/CD8 ratio recovery and chronic kidney disease (CKD), and whether cumulative antiretroviral therapy (ART) is effective in the CD4/CD8 ratio recovery and in reducing CKD incidence among HIV patients remain unclear.MethodsA 17-year observational cohort study was conducted on all HIV-infected patients receiving ART in Guangxi, China. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to investigate the cumulative CKD incidence. Cox regression and propensity score matching (PSM) were used to evaluate the association between CD4/CD8 ratio recovery and CKD incidence, and the effect of ART regimens on CD4/CD8 ratio recovery and CKD incidence.ResultsA total of 59,268 eligible individuals contributing 285,143 person-years of follow-up, with an overall CKD incidence of 9.65%. After ART, patients who developed CKD showed higher mortality than those with normal kidney function (12.48 vs. 7.57%, p &lt; 0.001). Patients whose CD4/CD8 ratio did not recover to 0.7 had a higher CKD incidence than the patients who recovered (aHR = 2.84, 95% CI 2.63–3.07), similar to the PSM analysis (aHR = 3.13, 95% CI 2.85–3.45). Compared with the PI-based and INSTI-based regimens, NNRTI-based regimen had a better CD4/CD8 ratio recovery rate (27.04, 16.16, and 29.66%, respectively) and a lower CKD incidence (17.43, 16.16, and 7.31%, respectively).ConclusionThis large-scale real-world setting provide new evidence that the CD4/CD8 ratio recovery is associated with lower CKD incidence in HIV-infected patients receiving ART. NNRTI-based is a better choice for CD4/CD8 ratio recovery and reducing the risk of CKD.
Bidirectional Longitudinal Study of Frailty and Depressive Symptoms Among Older Chinese Adults
Authors: Cao Limin , Zhou Yuhan , Liu Huiyuan , Shi Mengyuan , Wei Yingliang , Xia Yang 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveFrailty and depression, as two common conditions among older adults in China, have been shown to be closely related to each other. The aim of this study was to investigate the bidirectional effects between frailty and depressive symptoms in Chinese population.MethodsThe bidirectional effect of frailty with depressive symptoms was analyzed among 5,303 adults ≥ 60 years of age from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Phenotype and a frailty index were used to measure frailty. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to determine the bidirectional effects of frailty and depressive symptoms in cross-sectional and cohort studies, respectively. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were further used to further verify the associations.ResultsIn the cross-sectional study, the multivariate-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for depressive symptoms among pre-frail and frail adults, as defined by the frailty index and phenotype, were 3.05 (2.68–3.49), and 9.78 (8.02–12.03), respectively. Depressed participants showed higher risks of pre-frailty and frailty [frailty index, 3.07 (2.69–3.50); and phenotypic frailty, 9.95 (8.15–12.24)]. During follow-up, the multivariate-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for depressive symptoms among pre-frail and frail participants, as defined by the frailty index and phenotype, were 1.38 (1.22–1.57), and 1.30 (1.14–1.48), respectively. No significant relationship existed between baseline depressive symptoms and the incidence of frailty. Moreover, the results from subgroup and sensitivity analyses were consistent with the main results.ConclusionAlthough a cross-sectional bidirectional association between depressive symptom and frailty has been observed in older (≥60 years old) Chinese adults, frailty may be an independent predictor for subsequent depression. Moreover, no effect of depressive symptoms on subsequent frailty was detected. Additional bidirectional studies are warranted in China.
Association Between Immunoglobulin G N-glycosylation and Vascular Cognitive Impairment in a Sample With Atherosclerosis: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Wang Meng , Chen Xueyu , Tang Zhaoyang , Zhang Wenran , Hou Haifeng , Sun Xiangfu , Shi Yuqing , Lu Xinxia , Li Peirui , Ji Long , Ding Guoyong , Li Dong 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAtherosclerosis is considered a crucial component in the pathogenesis of decreased cognitive function, as occurs in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Inflammation and the immune response play a significant role in the development of many chronic diseases. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation has been implicated in the development of a variety of diseases by affecting the anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory responses of IgG. This study aimed to investigate the association between IgG N-glycosylation and VCI in a sample of patients with atherosclerosis through a case-control study.MethodWe recruited a total of 330 patients with atherosclerosis to participate in this case-control study, including 165 VCI patients and 165 sex- and age-matched participants with normal cognitive function. The plasma IgG N-glycans of participants were separated by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit was used to determine the corresponding serum inflammatory factors. Atherosclerosis was diagnosed by carotid ultrasound, and the diagnosis of VCI was based on the “Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Cognitive Impairment in China (2019)”. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore the association between IgG N-glycans and VCI. We also analyzed the relationship between IgG N-glycans and the inflammatory state of VCI through canonical correlation analysis (CCA).ResultsThrough the multivariate logistic regression analysis, 8 glycans and 13 derived traits reflecting decreased sialylation and galactosylation and increased bisecting GlcNAc significantly differed between the case and control groups after adjusting for confounding factors (P &lt; 0.05, q &lt; 0.05). Similarly, the differences in TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 were statistically significant between the case and control groups after adjusting for the effects of confounding factors (P &lt; 0.05, q &lt; 0.05). The CCA results showed that VCI-related initial N-glycans were significantly correlated with VCI-related inflammatory factors (r = 0.272, P = 0.004). The combined AUC value (AUCcombined = 0.885) of 7 initial glycans and inflammatory factors was higher than their respective values (AUCinitial glycans = 0.818, AUCinflammatory factors = 0.773).ConclusionThe findings indicate that decreased sialylation and galactosylation and increased bisecting GlcNAc reflected by IgG N-glycans might affect the occurrence of VCI in patients with atherosclerosis though promoting the proinflammatory function of IgG. IgG N-glycans may serve as potential biomarkers to distinguish VCI in individuals with atherosclerosis.