bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Topics and Motivating Factors Behind Human-Social Chatbot Interactions: Thematic Analysis of User Experiences
Authors: Ta-Johnson Vivian P , Boatfield Carolynn , Wang Xinyu , DeCero Esther , Krupica Isabel C , Rasof Sophie D , Motzer Amelie , Pedryc Wiktoria M 
Published: October 2022

Background
Although social chatbot usage is expected to increase as language models and artificial intelligence improve, very little is known about the dynamics of human-social chatbot interactions. Specifically, there is a paucity of research examining why human-social chatbot interactions are initiated and the topics that are discussed.

Objective
We sought to identify the motivating factors behind initiating contact with Replika, a popular social chatbot, and the topics discussed in these interactions.

Methods
A sample of Replika users completed a survey that included open-ended questions pertaining to the reasons why they initiated contact with Replika and the topics they typically discuss. Thematic analyses were then used to extract themes and subthemes regarding the motivational factors behind Replika use and the types of discussions that take place in conversations with Replika.

Results
Users initiated contact with Replika out of interest, in search of social support, and to cope with mental and physical health conditions. Users engaged in a wide variety of discussion topics with their Replika, including intellectual topics, life and work, recreation, mental health, connection, Replika, current events, and other people.

Conclusions
Given the wide range of motivational factors and discussion topics that were reported, our results imply that multifaceted support can be provided by a single social chatbot. While previous research already established that social chatbots can effectively help address mental and physical health issues, these capabilities have been dispersed across several different social chatbots instead of deriving from a single one. Our results also highlight a motivating factor of human-social chatbot usage that has received less attention than other motivating factors: interest. Users most frequently reported using Replika out of interest and sought to explore its capabilities and learn more about artificial intelligence. Thus, while developers and researchers study human-social chatbot interactions with the efficacy of the social chatbot and its targeted user base in mind, it is equally important to consider how its usage can shape public perceptions and support for social chatbots and artificial agents in general.
ROLE OF P-GP INHIBITORS ON GUT PERMEATION OF METFORMIN: AN EX-VIVO STUDY
Authors: SHAH ISHA , VYAS JIGAR 
Published: October 2022

Objective: Metformin hydrochloride is a biguanide derivative that is commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes. Metformin has a low oral bioavailability of 50% to 60 %. To overcome these challenges, metformin was used as a Pgp substrate in this research work and used in conjunction with natural P-gp inhibitors.
Methods: The study commenced with a chicken non-everted gut sac model that closely resembled in vivo intestinal transport processes. The effect of different P-gp inhibitors on Metformin intestinal permeability was examined in this study to fully recognize the potential significance of Pgp and intestinal metabolism.
Results: After evaluating the effectiveness of different P-gp inhibitors at different concentration concentrations i.e. Piperine, Ginger, Drumstick, and Verapamil (standard) at (2 mg/ml, 4 mg/ml, and 6 mg/ml) by non-everted gut sac study. At 2 mg/ml ginger and drumstick could not show any significant improvement. At 4 mg/ml also drumstick could not show any significant improvement in percentage drug permeation. At 6 mg/ml all three natural inhibitors show a significant difference in percentage drug permeation when compared using the f2 similarity index. But piperine was found to be the most potent of all 3 inhibitors because it shows complete release with higher permeation in less time than ginger and drumstick when given in conjunction with Metformin. Then the comparative permeation study of different concentrations (i.e. 2 mg/ml, 4 mg/ml, and 6 mg/ml) of P-gp inhibitors was carried out using the f2 similarity parameter and was that there is no significant difference in the percentage of drug permeation of Metformin in the presence of 2 mg/ml versus 4 mg/ml inhibitors. The same is with 4 mg/ml versus 6 mg/ml of inhibitors. However, when the percentage drug permeation of Metformin in the presence of 2 mg/ml as compared to 6 mg/ml, a significant difference was observed.
Conclusion: It was concluded from this research work that Piperine shows significant improvement in % drug permeation when compared using the f2 similarity index and its formulation with metformin may offer a simple and safe approach to enhance the pharmacological profile of metformin for effective anti-diabetic therapy in humans.
Three Separate Instances of Cytarabine-Induced SIADH
Authors: Valentini Daniele , Das Debapria 
Published: October 2022

We present a case of cytarabine-induced syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), a rare manifestation and complication, which based on review of the medical literature was reported only in one prior case report. It involves a 74-year-old male with acute myeloid leukemia who developed asymptomatic hyponatremia during three cycles of consolidation chemotherapy with high-dose cytarabine (HiDAC). Urine studies were consistent with SIADH. Due to the rapid onset and timing throughout all three cycles, the SIADH was suspected to be secondary to cytarabine. Serum sodium quickly corrected after the final administered dose of cytarabine in all cycles, and fluid restriction was only instituted during the third cycle.
RésuméNous présentons un cas de syndrome de sécrétion inappropriée d’hormone antidiurétique (SIADH) induit par la cytarabine, une manifestation et une complication rares que l’on ne rapporte que dans une seule étude de cas antérieure reposant sur une revue de la documentation médicale1. Il s’agit d’un homme de 74 ans atteint d’une leucémie myéloïde aiguë (LMA) chez qui est apparue une hyponatrémie asymptomatique pendant trois cycles de chimiothérapie de consolidation à des doses élevées de cytarabine. Les analyses d’urine sont compat-ibles avec le SIADH. En raison de la rapidité d’apparition et de la périodicité tout au long des trois cycles, on soupçonne que ce syndrome est attribuable à la cytarabine. La concentration sérique du sodium s’est corrigée rapidement après l’administration de la dernière dose de cytarabine à chaque cycle, et une restriction liquidi-enne n’a été instaurée qu’au cours du troisième cycle.
The Effects of Explicit versus Implicit Targets on Worker Performance, Reciprocity, and Trust and the Role of Peer Benchmarking
Authors: Chan Eric W. , Lill Jeremy B. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We examine the relative effects of managers using binding targets to reward workers before observing their performance (explicit targets) versus managers deciding whether to reward workers after observing their performance (implicit targets) in the common setting where managers cannot directly observe workers’ effort and ability. In a multiperiod interactive experiment, we find that workers’ performance, positive reciprocity, and trust toward their managers are lower under explicit targets than implicit targets. Evidence suggests that workers under explicit targets withhold effort because managers often set ineffective targets, whereas workers under implicit targets provide close to maximum effort because they trust managers to reward them accordingly. Importantly, providing managers with peer performance benchmark information improves the effectiveness of explicit targets by decreasing target variance and increasing workers’ perceived fairness of the target-setting process. Our results highlight how the type of performance targets and peer performance benchmarking can motivate worker performance and build trust.
Data Availability: Data are available upon request.
JEL Classifications: D91; J41; M41; M52.
The role of formal and informal remittances as the determinants of formal and informal finan-cial services
Authors: Virak Khiev , Bilan Yuriy 
Published: October 2022

Research background: The choice of financial services and remittances are important as they influence the livelihood of remittance recipients, who are mostly poor and financially excluded. In literature, extensive evidence suggests a positive impact of the size of remittances on access to financial inclusion and financial development of remittance-recipient countries. However, a concern of such studies is that they might provide a biased outcome as the available data of remittances tend to be formal, whereas informal remittances are difficult to observe. Hence, their evidence might not be applicable in developing countries where remittance transfer via informal channels is very popular.
Purpose of the article: The main objective of this study is to examine the effect of the remittance channel (formal and informal) on the choice of formal, informal financial services of credit and savings of remittance recipients.
Methods: As our dependent variable is a financial service which is a categorical variable (formal and informal), the paper will employ a multinomial logistic regression model to estimate the impact. The data employed in this analysis is from the Finscope survey conducted in Myanmar in 2013 and 2018. Myanmar is the best context for our study, as it is one of a big migrant-sending countries and a developing country whose financial sector is significantly underdeveloped.
Findings & value added: Our findings show that formal remittances promote the use of formal financial services such as credit and savings. However, there is no evidence regarding women recipients` informal channels and formal financial services. Our evidence also suggests there is a need for the government to encourage migrant workers to transform informal remittances into formal ones by removing the barriers of formal remittance channels to promote the use of formal credit and saving among remittance-recipients who are poor and financially excluded.
Adoption of Sustainable Agricultural Practices Among Smallholder Dairy Farmers in Malaysia: Contributing Factors and Smart Farming Prospects
Authors: Rathakrishnan Thanuja , Suntharalingamb Chubashini , Shern Lim Yi , Keng Loong Shih , Yen Lee Hai , Kok Tee Keng , Thanarajoo Sathis Sri , Balasundram Siva K 
Published: October 2022

Adoption of Sustainable Agricultural Practices (SAP) among smallholder dairy farmers in developing countries, especially within the Asia Pacific region remains low. This is probably attributable to the fact that psycho-social factors are not considered during the adoption process. The current study was carried out in order to increase the adoption of SAP in Malaysia, by investigating psycho-social factors among dairy farmers. It adopted the enhanced Theory of Planned Behaviour to investigate smallholder dairy farmers’ intention to uptake SAP in Malaysia. This study applied the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to model how psycho-social factors influence farmers’ SAP adoption decisions. A key finding of this study was that farmers who are equipped with the right attitude and belief have the ability to adopt SAP and are inclined to adopt SAP in their farms. Hence, it was proposed that a holistic approach is recommended towards formulating policies and drawing intervention strategies that focus on the farmers’ needs and abilities. This would motivate farmers to make choices that would lead to a change of behaviour towards adopting SAP. Additionally, the producer-led approach adopted in this study provided insights into smallholder dairy farmers’ beliefs and behaviour.
A starch-rich treat affects enteroinsular responses in ponies
Authors: Sibthorpe Poppy E. M. , Fitzgerald Danielle M. , Chen Lan , Sillence Martin N. , de Laat Melody A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To determine the effect of a starch-rich treat, added to the daily diet of ponies for 10 days, on enteroinsular responses to meal consumption.

ANIMALS
10 mixed-breed adult ponies owned by Queensland University of Technology were used in the study. Six ponies were metabolically healthy, and 4 were insulin dysregulated at the start of the study, according to the results of an in-feed oral glucose test.

PROCEDURES
A bread-based treat was offered twice daily for 10 days, adding 0.36 ± 0.04 g/kg body weight (BW) carbohydrates to the daily diet. Before and after treatment, the intestinal capacity for simple carbohydrate absorption was approximated with a modified D-xylose absorption test. Plasma glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), blood glucose, and serum insulin responses to eating were also measured before and after treatment.

RESULTS
The absorption of D-xylose (area under the curve [AUC]) increased 1.6-fold (P < .001) after 10 days of eating the treat. In addition, while basal (fasted) GLP-2 concentrations were not affected, GLP-2 AUC increased 1.4-fold in response to eating (P = .005). The treat did not change blood glucose or serum insulin concentrations, before, during, or after eating.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
A small amount of additional carbohydrate each day in the form of a treat can cause a measurable change in the enteroinsular responses to eating.
Randomized controlled trial demonstrates nutritional management is superior to metronidazole for treatment of acute colitis in dogs
Authors: Rudinsky Adam J. , Parker Valerie J. , Winston Jenessa , Cooper Edward , Mathie Tamra , Howard James P. , Bremer C. A. , Yaxley Page , Marsh Antionette , Laxalde Jeremy , Suchodolski Jan , Perea Sally 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To describe the outcome of dietary management of canine noninfectious acute colitis with or without concurrent oral administration of metronidazole using a randomized controlled clinical trial.

ANIMALS
59 client-owned dogs with noninfectious acute colitis.

PROCEDURES
Dogs with acute noninfectious colitis were enrolled in a 30-day diet trial after exclusion of parasitic infectious etiologies (fecal centrifugation floatation, Giardia/Cryptosporidium antigen testing) and systemic disease (CBC, biochemistry, urinalysis). Dogs were randomized into 3 placebo-controlled groups: group 1, easily digestible diet + placebo tablet; group 2, easily digestible diet + metronidazole tablet; and group 3, psyllium-enhanced easily digestible diet + placebo tablet. Dogs were evaluated serially using fecal scoring for time to remission, average fecal score, relapse after remission, and dysbiosis index.

RESULTS
Median remission time was significantly different among the 3 groups (P < .01) with median times of 5 days (range, 4 to 10) for group 1, 8.5 days (range, 7 to 12) for group 2, and 5 days (range, 3 to 6) for group 3. Metronidazole addition affected the fecal dysbiosis index negatively at days 7 to 10. No adverse effects or complications were noted throughout the study.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
For canine noninfectious acute colitis, dietary management with an easily digestible diet with or without psyllium enhancement proved a superior management strategy compared to metronidazole. The omission of metronidazole reduced the adverse impact significantly on intestinal microbiota. Longitudinal clinical trials are necessary to compare the long-term response, stability, and complications associated with dietary management alone versus combined dietary and antimicrobial therapy for canine acute colitis.
Thermal Resistance of Gray Modal and Micromodal Socks
Authors: Skenderi Zenun , Hes Lubos , Rogina-Car Beti , Hranilović Dora 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Men's socks were produced on a Lonati circular knitting machine in 18 different combinations in multi-plated plain jersey from basic modal and basic micro modal yarn with the addition of cotton or PA multifilament yarn and elastane yarn in the sock cuff. The modal and micromodal yarns were ring-spun, rotor-spun and air-spun; they consist of 38 mm long staple fibres with a fineness of 1.3 and 1.0 dtex respectively. Thermal resistance was determined by use of the thermal foot. The thermal resistance values for all socks samples range from 0.0091 to 0.01586 m2 °C W−1. The highest thermal resistance per groups of basic modal fibres was obtained in the samples made of air-jet spun yarn of 0.0132 m2 °C W−1 and the lowest in samples of rotor yarn of 0.0109 m2 °C W−1. The highest thermal resistance in all groups of basic micromodal samples made of ring yarn (0.0132 m2 °C W−1) and the lowest in the samples made of air-spun yarn (0.0099 m2 °C W−1). At low levels of thermal resistance, as the thickness of the sample of basic modal and micro modal fibres of ring and rotor yarns increases, the thermal resistance of socks increases with a correlation coefficient of 0.711. The tested sock samples have low thermal resistance, i.e. they can conduct heat better than the sock leg, thus achieving cooling and comfort, which is important for wearing socks in warm weather.
Stock price reaction to an arrangement approval in restructuring proceedings – the case of Poland
Authors: Prusak Błażej , Potrykus Marcin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe study aims to empirically analyze the reaction of stock prices to the information about the conclusion and acceptance of a debtor–creditor arrangement under restructuring proceedings of companies listed on the stock exchange in Poland. The following main research hypothesis was verified: public disclosure of information about an arrangement conclusion and acceptance in restructuring proceedings results in above-average rates of return due to investments in the stocks of these entities in the short term. Three events were assessed: the public disclosure of information about the conclusion of a debtor–creditor arrangement (Event 1), its approval by a court (Event 2), and the decision becoming final (Event 3). The research method applied was the event study. Event 1 and Event 3 leads to an above-average and statistically significant increase in stock prices on the day of the event. In contrast, no statistically significant above-average rates of return accompanied Event 2.
KEABSAHAN SHOPEE PAYLATER SEBAGAI FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY DALAM HUKUM POSITIF INDONESIA
Authors: Gita Lestari Made Ayu , Rudy Dewa Gde 
Published: October 2022

Artikel penelitian ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji mengenai pengaturan hukum Shopee PayLater sebagai Financial Technology (selanjutnya disebut FinTech), serta keabsahan Shopee PayLater di Indonesia. Penelitian ini mengaplikasikan metode penelitian normative dengan pendekatan Undang-Undang (Statute Approarch), dimana menelaah peraturan perundang-undangan yang berkenaan dengan penyelenggaraan FinTech di Indonesia, dan menggunakan bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder maupun bahan hukum tersier. Penelitian ini dikatergorikan sebagai penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif. Hasil studi penulisan menunjukan bahwa pengaturan FinTech belum diatur secara khusus dalam sebuah Undang-Undang, namun dalam pelaksanaannya dapat mengacu pada UU No. 19 Tahun 2016 Tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, PBI No.19 Tahun 2017 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Fintech, POJK No. 77 Tahun 2016 Tentang Layanan Pinjam Meminjam Uang Berbasis Teknologi Informasi, serta POJK No. 13 Tahun 2018 tentang Inovasi Keuangan Digital di Sektor Jasa Keuangan. Keabsahan Shopee PayLater diatur dalam Surat Bank Indonesia No.20/293/DKSP/Srt/B. dan telah terdaftar di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan pada tanggal 21 Desember 2018 dengan Surat Tanda Terdaftar S-1116/NB.213/2018.
This scientific research aims to examine legal regulation about Shopee PayLater as Financial Technology (FinTech), and legality of Shopee PayLater in Indonesia. This research applies a normative research method with statute approach, which examines the laws and regulations relating to the implementation of FinTech in Indonesia, and uses primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. This research is descriptive research. The research results show that the FinTech regulation has not been specifically regulated in a Law, but can refer to Law No . 19 of 2016 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions, PBI No. 19 of 2017 concerning the Implementation of Fintech, POJK No . 77 of 2016 concerning Information Technology-Based Lending and Borrowing Services, as well as POJK No. 13 Tahun 2018 concerning Digital Financial Innovation in the Financial Services Sector. Legality of Shopee PayLater is stipulated in Bank Indonesia Letter No. 20/293 / DKSP / Srt / B. and has been registered with the Financial Services Authority on December 21, 2018 with a Registered Certificate S-1116 / NB.213 / 2018.
The influence of online social media on consumer preferences of young people aged 22-25 years
Authors: Erokhina Lioudmila Dmitrievna , Fedorov Andrei Aleksandrovich 
Published: October 2022

The object of the study is youth. The purpose of the article is to study modern forms of influence of social institutions (social media and advertising) on consumer preferences of young people. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of consumer decision–making under the influence of the Internet media. Research methods: analysis of scientific literature, content analysis and classroom studies of social media, sociological survey. The results of the study allow us to find out the manageability of youth as a social group, to determine the role of social media in the formation of consumer behavior of young people. The most interesting, from the point of view of young people, social media have been identified. The possibilities of influencing consumer behavior through the contents of images and symbols are indicated. The dependence of the consumer behavior of young people on the opinion of famous personalities advertising goods and services has been established. Not only the general consumer preferences of this youth group are analyzed, but also differences in preferences based on gender. The novelty of the work performed lies in the study of consumer behavior of the selected age group from 22 to 25 years. Conclusion: consumption is aimed not so much at maximizing individual utility as at creating a certain socially approved level and model of consumption. The results of the study can be used in the formation of a youth image and lifestyle, the orientation of consumer behavior.