bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marital Status, Living Arrangement, and Cancer Recurrence and Survival in Patients with Stage III Colon Cancer: Findings from CALGB 89803 (Alliance)
Authors: Lee Seohyuk , Ma Chao , Zhang Sui , Ou Fang-Shu , Bainter Tiffany M , Niedzwiecki Donna , Saltz Leonard B , Mayer Robert J , Whittom Renaud , Hantel Alexander , Benson Al , Atienza Daniel , Kindler Hedy , Gross Cary P , Irwin Melinda L , Meyerhardt Jeffrey A , Fuchs Charles S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Limited and conflicting findings have been reported regarding the association between social support and colorectal cancer (CRC) outcomes. We sought to assess the influences of marital status and living arrangement on survival outcomes among patients with stage III colon cancer.

Patients and Methods
We conducted a secondary analysis of 1082 patients with stage III colon cancer prospectively followed in the CALGB 89803 randomized adjuvant chemotherapy trial. Marital status and living arrangement were both self-reported at the time of enrollment as, respectively, married, divorced, separated, widowed, or never-married, and living alone, with a spouse or partner, with other family, in a nursing home, or other.

Results
Over a median follow-up of 7.6 years, divorced/separated/widowed patients experienced worse outcomes relative to those married regarding disease free-survival (DFS) (hazards ratio (HR), 1.44 (95% CI, 1.14-1.81); P =.002), recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR, 1.35 (95% CI, 1.05-1.73); P = .02), and overall survival (OS) (HR, 1.40 (95% CI, 1.08-1.82); P =.01); outcomes were not significantly different for never-married patients. Compared to patients living with a spouse/partner, those living with other family experienced a DFS of 1.47 (95% CI, 1.02-2.11; P = .04), RFS of 1.34 (95% CI, 0.91-1.98; P = .14), and OS of 1.50 (95% CI, 1.00-2.25; P =.05); patients living alone did not experience significantly different outcomes.

Conclusion
Among patients with stage III colon cancer who received uniform treatment and follow-up within a nationwide randomized clinical trial, being divorced/separated/widowed and living with other family were significantly associated with greater colon cancer mortality. Interventions enhancing social support services may be clinically relevant for this patient population.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00003835
Gender Ramifications of a Weberian Bureaucracy: A Feminist Appraisal of the United States Department of Agriculture
Authors: Viswanath Shilpa , Samanta Aritree 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn the field of public administration, a feminist appraisal of Weber’s bureaucracy has transpired gradually. In this article, we examine the gender ramifications of Weberian bureaucracy, with a specific focus on the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Using the feminist critique of the field at large, and the framework of bureau men and settlement women in particular, we critically analyze Weber’s ideas of an ideal bureaucracy. Our central contribution is intermeshing Stiver’s critical perspectives with the theoretical frames of feminist phenomenology and feminist standpoint theory to craft a feminist model for appraising the agricultural bureaucracy in the United States. In doing so, we demonstrate how women farmers’ and landowners’ approach to agriculture and farm management is fundamentally different in values and orientation than the USDA’s Weberian bureaucratic approach which dictates the design and implementation of agricultural policy.
Transition between vacuum and finite-density states in the infinite-dimensional Bose–Hubbard model with spatially inhomogeneous dissipation
Authors: Asai Shiono , Goto Shimpei , Danshita Ippei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We analyze the dynamics of the infinite-dimensional Bose–Hubbard model with spatially inhomogeneous dissipation in the hardcore boson limit by solving the Lindblad master equation with use of the Gutzwiller variational method. We consider dissipation processes that correspond to inelastic light scattering in the case of Bose gases in optical lattices. We assume that the dissipation is applied to half of the lattice sites in a spatially alternating manner. We focus on steady states at which the system arrives after long time evolution. We find that when the average particle density is varied, the steady state exhibits a transition between a state in which the sites without dissipation are vacuum and one containing a finite number of particles at those sites. We associate the transition with the notion that the sites with dissipation tend towards a local state at infinite temperature.
Exercise and Manual Therapy for the Treatment of Primary Headache: An Umbrella and Mapping Review
Authors: Varangot-Reille Clovis , Suso-Martí Luis , Dubuis Valentin , Cuenca-Martínez Ferran , Blanco-Díaz María , Salar-Andreu Cristina , Casaña Jose , Calatayud Joaquín 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objective
The main aim of this study was to assess through systematic review the efficacy of exercise and manual therapy (MT) interventions in individuals with primary headache.

Methods
In this umbrella review, 2 authors reviewed systematic reviews by searching the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, PEDro, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Systematic reviews that evaluated the effectiveness of MT. Exercise-based interventions, or both in patients with primary headaches were included. Methodological quality was analyzed using the ROBIS scale, and the strength of evidence was established according to the Grading Criteria of the Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee.

Results
Thirty-one systematic reviews containing 79 trials and involving 9103 patients were included. The 7 exercise-related systematic reviews reported beneficial effects on primary headache based on unclear to moderate evidence. Of the 23 MT-related systematic reviews, 11 reported enhanced effectiveness compared with usual care; however, overall heterogeneity and risk of bias were high. Systematic reviews that evaluated the effectiveness of MT, exercise-based interventions, or both in patients with primary headaches were included.

Conclusion
Results show that exercise could be an effective therapy for the treatment of primary headache, with moderate to limited quality of evidence regarding the positive effects in terms of pain intensity and frequency and duration of headache. Moderate quality of evidence was found regarding the ability of MT to reduce pain intensity in patients with tension-type headaches, but quality of evidence was limited in terms of frequency of headache and disability and pain reduction in patients with migraine.

Impact
Exercise could be an effective treatment in patients with primary headache. Manual therapy showed limited evidence to reduce pain intensity in patients with tension-type headache. It is not possible to establish a preferential exercise protocol or MT program, so psychosocial and behavioral variables need to be considered in future studies.
ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LEVELS OF CLEANING PRODUCT MANUFACTURING FACTORY WORKERS TO ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
Authors: Cerezci Osman , Kanberoglu Baha , Yener Suayb Cagri 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Determination of the levels of the electromagnetic field of frequency between 0 Hz and 300 GHz bands in the working area and the evaluation of the results measured in terms of international standards is now essential according to the regulation of working safety and health. In this study, electromagnetic field measurements were performed in a cleaning product manufacturing factory with 400 workers. Electric and magnetic field measurements were performed at 10 different departments of the factory with extremely low-frequency and broadband (radiofrequency) frequencies. Obtained values are shown and analysed with graphs and compared by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection and National Information Technology and Communication Authority (Turkey) limits. Also, an assessment is made for the occupational electromagnetic field levels in the factory and recommendations are suggested for the lowest risk occurrence and providing a healthier working environment for workers.
Learning to Discern the Voices of Gods, Spirits, Tulpas, and the Dead
Authors: Luhrmann Tanya M , Alderson-Day Ben , Chen Ann , Corlett Philip , Deeley Quinton , Dupuis David , Lifshitz Michael , Moseley Peter , Peters Emmanuelle , Powell Adam , Powers Albert 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThere are communities in which hearing voices frequently is common and expected, and in which participants are not expected to have a need for care. This paper compares the ideas and practices of these communities. We observe that these communities utilize cultural models to identify and to explain voice-like events—and that there are some common features to these models across communities. All communities teach participants to “discern,” or identify accurately, the legitimate voice of the spirit or being who speaks. We also observe that there are roughly two methods taught to participants to enable them to experience spirits (or other invisible beings): trained attention to inner experience, and repeated speech to the invisible other. We also observe that all of these communities model a learning process in which the ability to hear spirit (or invisible others) becomes more skilled with practice, and in which what they hear becomes clearer over time. Practice—including the practice of discernment—is presumed to change experience. We also note that despite these shared cultural ideas and practices, there is considerable individual variation in experience—some of which may reflect psychotic process, and some perhaps not. We suggest that voice-like events in this context may be shaped by cognitive expectation and trained practice as well as an experiential pathway. We also suggest that researchers could explore these common features both as a way to help those struggling with psychosis, and to consider the possibility that expectations and practice may affect the voice-hearing experience.
Examining the impact of employment status on sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic in two low-income neighborhoods in Pittsburgh, PA
Authors: Baird Matthew D , Dubowitz Tamara , Cantor Jonathan , Troxel Wendy M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Study Objectives
African Americans have faced disproportionate socioeconomic and health consequences associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study examines employment and its association with sleep quality during the initial months of the pandemic in a low-income, predominantly African American adult sample.

Methods
In the early months of COVID-19 (March to May 2020), we administered a survey to an ongoing, longitudinal cohort of older adults to assess the impact of COVID-related changes in employment on self-reported sleep quality (N = 460; 93.9% African American). Participants had prior sleep quality assessed in 2018 and a subset also had sleep quality assessed in 2013 and 2016. Primary analyses focused on the prevalence of poor sleep quality and changes in sleep quality between 2018 and 2020, according to employment status. Financial strain and prior income were assessed as moderators of the association between employment status and sleep quality. We plotted trend lines showing sleep quality from 2013 to 2020 in a subset (n = 339) with all four waves of sleep data available.

Results
All participants experienced increases in poor sleep quality between 2018 and 2020, with no statistical differences between the employment groups. However, we found some evidence of moderation by financial strain and income. The trend analysis demonstrated increases in poor sleep quality primarily between 2018 and 2020.

Conclusions
Sleep quality worsened during the pandemic among low-income African American adults. Policies to support the financially vulnerable and marginalized populations could benefit sleep quality.
Improvements in cognitive function and quantitative sleep electroencephalogram in obstructive sleep apnea after six months of continuous positive airway pressure treatment
Authors: D’Rozario Angela L , Hoyos Camilla M , Wong Keith K H , Unger Gunnar , Kim Jong Won , Vakulin Andrew , Kao Chien-Hui , Naismith Sharon L , Bartlett Delwyn J , Grunstein Ronald R 
Published: January 2022

AbstractStudy ObjectivesUntreated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cognitive deficits and altered brain electrophysiology. We evaluated the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on quantitative sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) measures and cognitive function.MethodsWe studied 167 patients with OSA (age 50 ± 13, AHI 35.0 ± 26.8) before and after 6 months of CPAP. Cognitive tests assessed working memory, sustained attention, visuospatial scanning, and executive function. All participants underwent overnight polysomnography at baseline and after CPAP. Power spectral analysis was performed on EEG data (C3-M2) in a sub-set of 90 participants. Relative delta EEG power and sigma power in NREM and EEG slowing in REM were calculated. Spindle densities (events/min) in N2 were also derived using automated spindle event detection. All outcomes were analysed as change from baseline.ResultsCognitive function across all cognitive domains improved after six months of CPAP. In our sub-set, increased relative delta power (p &lt; .0001) and reduced sigma power (p = .001) during NREM were observed after the 6-month treatment period. Overall, fast and slow sleep spindle densities during N2 were increased after treatment.ConclusionsCognitive performance was improved and sleep EEG features were enhanced when assessing the effects of CPAP. These findings suggest the reversibility of cognitive deficits and altered brain electrophysiology observed in untreated OSA following six months of treatment.
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Treating Steroid-Resistant Acute and Chronic Graft Versus Host Disease: A Multicenter Compassionate Use Experience
Authors: Macías-Sánchez María del Mar , Morata-Tarifa Cynthia , Cuende Natividad , Cardesa-Gil Ana , Cuesta-Casas María Ángeles , Pascual-Cascon María Jesús , Pascual Antonia , Martín-Calvo Carmen , Jurado Manuel , Perez-Simón José Antonio , Espigado Ildefonso , Garzón López Sebastián , Carmona Sánchez Gloria , Mata-Alcázar-Caballero Rosario , Sánchez-Pernaute Rosario 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a severe complication after allogenic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HSCT). Several clinical trials have reported the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for the treatment of GVHD. In March 2008, the Andalusian Health Care System launched a compassionate use program to treat steroid-resistant GVHD with MSC. Clinical-grade MSC were obtained under GMP conditions. MSC therapy was administered intravenously in four separate doses of 1 × 106 cells/kg. Sixty-two patients, 45 males (7 children) and 17 females (2 children), received the treatment. Patients had a median age of 39 years (range: 7–66) at the time of the allogenic HSCT. The overall response was achieved in 58.7% of patients with acute (a)GVHD. Two years’ survival for aGVHD responders was 51.85%. The overall response for patients with chronic (c)GVHD was 65.50% and the 2-year survival rate for responders was 70%. Age at the time of HSCT was the only predictor found to be inversely correlated with survival in aGVHD. Regarding safety, four adverse events were reported, all recovered without sequelae. Thus, analysis of this compassionate use experience shows MSC to be an effective and safe therapeutic option for treating refractory GVHD, resulting in a significant proportion of patients responding to the therapy.
The effects of differing nutritional levels and body condition score on scrotal circumference, motility, and morphology of bovine sperm
Authors: Harrison Taylor D , Chaney Elizabeth M , Brandt Kiernan J , Ault-Seay Taylor B , Schneider Liesel G , Strickland Lew G , Schrick F Neal , McLean Kyle J 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bulls often experience various levels of nutrient availability throughout the year. Nutritional management is a critical factor on overall ejaculate composition and the ability to get females pregnant. We hypothesized that differing nutritional levels and body condition score (BCS) affect reproductive fertility parameters in bulls. Mature Angus bulls (n = 11) were individually housed and randomly assigned to one of two dietary regimens: 1) over-fed (n = 5) or 2) restricted (n = 6). Bulls were fed the same ration at different volumes to achieve desired effects resulting in eight individual treatments: gain to an over-fed body condition score ([BCS]; GO), gain after nutrient restriction (GR), loss after an over-fed BCS (LO), loss from nutrient restriction (LR), maintenance at ideal adiposity (BCS = 6) after overfeeding (IMO), maintenance at ideal adiposity after nutrient restriction (IMR), maintenance at an over-fed BCS (BCS = 8; MO), and maintenance at a restricted BCS (BCS = 4; MR). Body weight (BW) and BCS were recorded every 2 wk to monitor bull weight and BCS changes. Scrotal circumference was measured every 28 d. Body fat and sperm motility and morphology were evaluated every 84 d. Scrotal circumference, motility, and morphology were normalized to the initial value of each bull. Thus, allowing the individual bull to serve as a control. Statistical analyses were conducted with PROC GLIMMIX of SAS as a complete randomized design to determine if treatment influenced BW, BCS, scrotal circumference, motility, morphology, and adipose thickness. Scrotal circumference (P &lt; 0.001) had the least amount of deviation from initial during the LR (0.29 ± 0.44) treatment and the greatest during the MO (3.06 ± 0.44), LO (2.28 ± 0.44), MR (2.43 ± 0.44), GR (3.03 ± 0.44), and IMR (2.91 ± 0.44) treatments. Sperm motility was not affected by nutritional treatments (P = 0.55). Both head and total defects of sperm differed (P = 0.02) due to nutritional treatments. Increased head abnormalities occurred during the LO (37.60 ± 8.61) treatment, with no differences between the other treatments. Total defects increased during the LO (43.80 ± 9.55) treatment with similar increases in bulls during the GR (29.40 ± 9.55) and IMR (35.60 ± 9.55) treatments. In conclusion, male fertility was impacted when a deviation from a BCS of 6 occurred which could be detrimental to reproductive and beef production efficiency.
Acceptability and feasibility of an online physical activity program for women over 50: a pilot trial
Authors: Wallbank Geraldine , Sherrington Catherine , Hassett Leanne , Kwasnicka Dominika , Chau Josephine Y , Phongsavan Philayrath , Grunseit Anne , Martin Fiona , Canning Colleen G , Baird Marian , Shepherd Roberta , Tiedemann Anne 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Regular physical activity benefits health across the lifespan. Women in middle-age often juggle carer and work responsibilities, are often inactive, and may benefit from tailored support to increase physical activity. Establish the acceptability, feasibility, and impact on physical activity of a scalable program for women 50+ years.
This pilot trial randomized participants to immediate program access, or to a wait-list control. Active Women over 50 Online program included: (1) study-specific website, (2) 8 emails or 24 SMS motivation-based messages, (3) one telephone health-coaching session. Outcomes, at 3 months, were acceptability (recommend study participation, intervention uptake), feasibility (recruitment, reach, completion), intervention impact (physical activity), intervention impressions. At baseline, 62 participants of mean (SD) age 59 (±7) years took 7459 (±2424) steps/day and most (92%) reported ≥2 medical conditions. At 3 months, acceptability and impact data were available for 52 (84%) and 57 (92%) participants, respectively. Study participation was recommended by 83% of participants. Participants mostly agreed to receive health coaching (81%) and messages (87%: email = 56%, SMS = 44%), opened 82% of emails and accessed the website 4.8 times on average. Respondents reported the intervention supported their physical activity. Intervention participants were more likely to increase steps from baseline by 2000+/day (OR: 6.31, 95% CI: 1.22 to 32.70, p = .028) than controls, and trended toward more light-intensity (p = .075) and moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity (p = .11). The Active Women over 50 Online program demonstrated acceptability and feasibility among the target population, and effectiveness in some domains in the short term. Results warrant further testing in a full-scale RCT.
Pediatric Rheumatic Heart Disease in a Middle-Income Country: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Zahari Norazah , Yeoh Si Ling , Muniandy Siva Rao , Mat Bah Mohd Nizam 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Rheumatic heart disease (RHD), a debilitating complication from rheumatic fever, remains a problem in low- and middle-income countries. This study describes the incidence, prevalence, modifiable risk factors for severe RHD and immediate outcome of pediatric RHD.

Methods
This population-based and observational cohort study reviewed pediatric RHD patients (0–18 years) from the Sabah Pediatric Rheumatic Heart Registry from 2015 till 2018.

Results
A total of 188 RHD were reviewed with 120 new cases. The incidence of RHD is 2.19 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.83–2.61] per 100 000 population, with a rising trend over time. Meanwhile, the prevalence of RHD was 13.78 (95% CI: 11.92–15.86) per 100 000 pediatric population. The majority of patients were from indigenous groups (59.0%), male (56.4%) with a mean age of 14.3 (3.31) years. About 77.9% had the lowest household income, and a significant proportion lived in overcrowded conditions. At diagnosis, 59% were diagnosed with severe RHD. There is heightened risk but no statistical significance between modifiable factors (low weight and height percentile at diagnosis, lowest income group, renting a house, overcrowding and healthcare access of more than 5 km) with severe RHD. Severe RHD is significantly associated with risk for intervention (p = 0.016). Sixteen (13.8%) patients required surgical intervention. About 97.6% of patients were on intramuscular benzathine penicillin G with 84.5% compliance.

Conclusion
The rising prevalence and incidence of pediatric RHD in Sabah, with the most being severe RHD at diagnosis, necessitates the development of an echocardiographic screening and a comprehensive national disease program.