bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Practice Patterns of Fitting Advanced Device Features in Children With Cochlear Implants
Authors: Findlen Ursula M. , Benedict Jason , Agrawal Smita 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to identify common clinical practice patterns for providing advanced noise management features in children with cochlear implants (CIs) and evaluate trends in consideration of clinician experience and comfort with CI manufacturer-specific technology.

Method:
A mixed-model survey including quantitative and qualitative questions regarding providing advanced noise management features in the pediatric CI population was collected electronically via research electronic data capture. Survey questions spanned approach/philosophy toward provision of features, age of provision, and demographics of respondents. Descriptive statistics were completed to define common clinical practice patterns and demographic information.

Results:
A total of 160 pediatric audiologists from 35 U.S. States and five Canadian provinces completed the survey. Most audiologists (73.8%) reported enabling automatic directional microphones, and a vast majority (91%) reported enabling advanced noise processing features such as automatic noise cancellers, wind noise cancellers, and impulse noise cancellers in recipients' main programs. Audiologists ranked features in terms of importance for a school-age child with the top three ranked as automatic noise reduction, automatic directional microphones, and concha-level microphones. Importance of child-specific factors varied depending upon the specific feature of interest.

Conclusions:
Variability exists among providers in enabling advanced noise management features for pediatric CI recipients. Multiple factors, including patient characteristics, provider characteristics, and limited evidence-based guidance, could account for much of the variation. Overall, there is a trend toward automaticity for noise management. Additional studies are warranted to provide the evidence base for confidently programming advanced features for children using CIs.
Zur „Inszenierung der Homöopathiedebatte“
– eine diskurslinguistische Untersuchung zum Homöopathiediskurs
von Eva Schmitt
Authors: Lucae Christian 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Jahr 2017 erschien unter dem Titel „‚Wissenschaftlich
wirkungslos‘ vs. ‚Wer heilt, hat recht‘: Eine
diskurslinguistische Untersuchung zum Homöopathiediskurs“ die
Magisterarbeit von Eva Schmitt (Universität Darmstadt). Die umfassende
Untersuchung betrachtet den Gesundheitsdiskurs im Spannungsfeld zwischen
Erfahrungswissen und Wissenschaftlichkeit und greift im Rahmen einer
linguistischen Diskursanalyse aktuelle gesellschaftliche Kontroversen auf.
Mithilfe des sprachwissenschaftlichen Ansatzes gelingt es der Autorin, eine
nüchterne, sachliche Analyse der Homöopathiedebatte vorzunehmen,
wie sie insbesondere in den Printmedien geführt wird. Sie ergreift nicht
Partei, sondern legt die Stärken und Schwächen der jeweiligen
Argumentationsmuster offen und beleuchtet die Kriegsmetaphorik zwischen den
Diskursgemeinschaften.
Heinrich von Kleist in der Homöopathie –
„Ordre des Krieges“ versus „Ordre des
Herzens“
Authors: Pfeil Timo A. , Hadulla Michael M. 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungWelches homöopathische Arzneimittel hätte der Mensch und
Künstler Heinrich von Kleist gebraucht? Ein nur scheinbar historischer
Fall, denn auch heute ringen junge Menschen mit ihren Eltern, ihrer Existenz,
ihrer Liebe oder den politisch-sozialen Verhältnissen. Bei Heinrich von
Kleist mündete eben dieser Kampf in einem Suizid. Der Artikel
umreißt die Symptomatik und entwirft eine Annäherung an Ignatia,
Natrium muriaticum, Platinum, Arsenicum und ein Mittel der Güte.
Wundheilungsstörung bei einem Pferd – ein
Fallbericht
Authors: Weiermayer Petra 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungEin 4-jähriger Traberwallach wurde aufgrund einer postoperativen
Wundheilungsstörung, assoziiert mit antibiotikaresistenten Bakterien,
klassisch homöopathisch therapiert, nachdem er auf die antibiotische
Therapie mit intravenös verabreichtem Gentamicin und Penicillin, gefolgt
von oraler Gabe von Sulfadiazin-Natrium und Trimethoprim nicht ansprach. Die
bakteriologische Untersuchung inklusive Antibiogramm ergab oxacillinresistenten
Staphylococcus haemolyticus und Actinobacillus equuli. Das Pferd wies eine
eitrige Entzündung, ein Ödem und ein Serom auf, die unmittelbar
nach der Behandlung abheilten. Das verabreichte homöopathische
Arzneimittel, Silicea terra, ist eines von vielen homöopathischen
Arzneimitteln, das bei der Behandlung von eitrigen
Wundheilungsstörungen, assoziiert mit antibiotikaresistenten Bakterien,
wirksam sein kann. Angesichts der weltweiten Bedrohung durch die
Antibiotikaresistenz Problematik sind weitere Studien in Kooperation mit
homöopathisch arbeitenden Tierärzten vonnöten.
Warzen oder der Wert einer dualen Therapie mit Natrium- und
Kalium-Salzen
Authors: Trebin Ernst 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Autor sieht im Symptom der Warzen das Wirken vornehmlich der Sykose, als
deren Hauptarzneien er neben Medorrhinum und Thuja vor allem die Natrium-Salze
betrachtet. In derartigen chronischen Krankheiten hält er aber auch eine
ergänzende Anwendung von Kalium-Salzen für wirkungsvoll,
wofür dieser Aufsatz Beispiele bereithält.
A Homocoupling Approach to the Key Dione of CyMe4-BTPhen – Vital Ligands for Nuclear Clean-Up by the SANEX Process
Authors: Smith Christopher D. , Trunks Thomas M. , Babra Jasraj Singh , Westwood James 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCyMe4-BTPhen and CyMe4-BTBP are the principal ligand systems used in Europe for the separation of actinides from lanthanides as a part of the SANEX process for nuclear recycling and reprocessing. We present a new approach to the synthesis of the CyMe4 fragment beginning from readily available hydroxypivalic acid. It features a cobalt-catalysed homocoupling of a neopentyl bromide to provide the key bisester precursor, thereby avoiding the requirement for technically challenging low-temperature LDA-mediated aldol chemistries.
A Development Strategy of Tailor-made Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Enhanced Extraction of Hydroxynaphthoquinones from Alkanna tinctoria Roots
Authors: Bossard Elodie , Tsafantakis Nikolaos , Aligiannis Nektarios , Fokialakis Nikolas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNatural hydroxynaphthoquinone enantiomers (HNQs) are well-described pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical agents especially present in the roots of Alkanna tinctoria (L.) Tausch, a
species native to the Mediterranean region. In this work, eco-friendly natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDESs) were developed for the selective extraction of these compounds. An extensive
screening was performed using more than sixty tailor-made NaDESs. The impact of the intrinsic physicochemical properties on the HNQs extraction efficiency as well as the specificity towards
the different enantiomeric pairs was thoroughly investigated. As a result of a multivariate analysis and of the one factor-a-time solvent optimization, the eutectic mixture composed of
levulinic acid and glucose (LeG) using a molar ratio of 5 : 1 (molHBA : molHBD) and 20% of water (w/w) was found as the most appropriate mixture for the highest
extraction efficiency of HNQs. Further optimization of the extraction process was attained by response surface methodology, using a temperature of 45 °C, a solid-to-liquid ratio of 30 mg/mL,
and an extraction time of 50 min. A maximum extraction output of 41.72 ± 1.04 mg/g was reached for HNQs, comparable to that of the commonly used organic solvents. A solid-phase extraction
step was also proposed for the recovery of HNQs and for NaDESs recycling. Our results revealed NaDESs as a highly customizable class of green solvents with remarkable capabilities for the
extraction of HNQs.
Pediatric Provider Utilization of a Clinical Decision Support Alert and Association with HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Prescription Rates
Authors: Chan Carrie T. , Vo Megen , Carlson Jennifer , Lee Tzielan , Chang Marcello , Hart-Cooper Geoffrey 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objectives An electronic clinical decision support (CDS) alert can provide real-time provider support to offer pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to youth at risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The purpose of this study was to evaluate provider utilization of a PrEP CDS alert in a large academic-community pediatric network and assess the association of the alert with PrEP prescribing rates.
Methods HIV test orders were altered for patients 13 years and older to include a hard-stop prompt asking if the patient would benefit from PrEP. If providers answered “Yes” or “Not Sure,” the CDS alert launched with options to open a standardized order set, refer to an internal PrEP specialist, and/or receive an education module. We analyzed provider utilization using a frequency analysis. The rate of new PrEP prescriptions for 1 year after CDS alert implementation was compared with the year prior using Fisher's exact test.
Results Of the 56 providers exposed to the CDS alert, 70% (n = 39) responded “Not sure” to the alert prompt asking if their patient would benefit from PrEP, and 54% (n = 30) chose at least one clinical support tool. The PrEP prescribing rate increased from 2.3 prescriptions per 10,000 patients to 6.6 prescriptions per 10,000 patients in the year post-intervention (p = 0.02).
Conclusion Our findings suggest a knowledge gap among pediatric providers in identifying patients who would benefit from PrEP. A hard-stop prompt within an HIV test order that offers CDS and provider education might be an effective tool to increase PrEP prescribing among pediatric providers.
Identifying the roots of inequality of opportunity in South Korea by application of algorithmic approaches
Authors: Han Seungwoo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study identifies the roots of inequality of opportunity in South Korea by applying algorithmic approaches to survey data. In contrast to extant studies, we identify the roots of inequality of opportunity by estimating the importance of variables, interpreting the estimated results, and analyzing the importance of individual variables, instead of measuring inequality of opportunity. We apply a decision tree classification algorithm, light gradient boosting machine, and SHapley Additive exPlanations to estimate the importance of the studied variables and interpret the estimated results. According to the estimated results, the region where the individuals grew up, their gender, and their father’s job during their childhood were the main factors contributing to inequality of opportunity. This study proves that the considerable regional disparity and social environment perpetuate gender inequality in South Korean society. It argues that an individual’s socio-economic achievements are strongly influenced by their father’s background, thus, outweighing other family background-related factors. Individuals receive unequal opportunities owing to a combination of region, father’s background, and their own gender, thereby, affecting their socioeconomic achievements. If these factors remain influential from birth to adulthood, removing the conditions that structure them would be one way to achieve equality of opportunity.
Photodissociation dynamics of CO2 + hv → CO(X1Σ+) + O(1D2) via the 3P1Πu state
Authors: Zhang Su’e , Wu Yucheng , Zhang Zhaoxue , Luo Zijie , Zhao Yarui , Li Zhenxing , Chang Yao , Yang Jiayue , Wu Guorong , Zhang Weiqing , Yu Shengrui , Yuan Kaijun , Yang Xueming 
Published: January 2022

The vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photodissociation of CO2 is important to understand the primary photochemical processes of CO2 induced by solar VUV excitation in the Earth’s atmosphere. Here, we report a detailed study of vibrational-state-specific photodissociation dynamics of the CO(X1Σ+) + O(1D2) channel via the 3P1Πu state by using the time-sliced velocity-mapped ion imaging apparatus combined with the single VUV photoionization detection scheme. By recording the sliced images of the O(1D2) photoproducts formed by VUV photoexcitation of CO2 to the individual vibrational structure of the 3P1Πu state, both the vibrational state distributions of the counterpart CO(X1Σ+) photoproducts and the vibrational-state-specific product anisotropy parameters (β) are determined. The experimental results show that photodissociation of CO2 at 108.22, 107.50, 106.10, and 104.76 nm yields less anisotropic (β &gt; 0) and inverted distributed CO(X1Σ+, v) photoproducts. The possible dissociation mechanism for the CO(X1Σ+) + O(1D2) channel may involve the non-adiabatic transition of excited CO2* from the initially prepared state to the 31A′ state with potential energy barriers. While at 108.82 and 107.35 nm, the vibrational distributions are found to have the population peaked at a low vibrational state, and the anisotropy parameters turn out to be negative. Such variation indicates the possibility of another non-adiabatic dissociation pathway that may involve Coriolis-type coupling to the low-lying dissociative state. These observations show sclear evidence of the influence of the initially vibrational excitations on the photodissociation dynamics of CO2 via the 3P1Πu state.
Spurious normativity enhances learning of compliance and enforcement behavior in artificial agents
Authors: Köster Raphael , Hadfield-Menell Dylan , Everett Richard , Weidinger Laura , Hadfield Gillian K. , Leibo Joel Z. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
The fact that humans enforce and comply with norms is an important reason why humans enjoy higher levels of cooperation and welfare than other animals. Some norms are relatively easy to explain: They may prohibit obviously harmful or uncooperative actions. But many norms are not easy to explain. For example, most cultures prohibit eating certain kinds of foods, and almost all societies have rules about what constitutes appropriate clothing, language, and gestures. Using a computational model focused on learning shows that apparently pointless rules can have an indirect effect on welfare. They can help agents learn how to enforce and comply with norms in general, improving the group’s ability to enforce norms that have a direct effect on welfare.
LRRTM3 regulates activity-dependent synchronization of synapse properties in topographically connected hippocampal neural circuits
Authors: Kim Jinhu , Park Dongseok , Seo Na-Young , Yoon Taek-Han , Kim Gyu Hyun , Lee Sang-Hoon , Seo Jinsoo , Um Ji Won , Lee Kea Joo , Ko Jaewon 
Published: January 2022

SignificanceThe present study utilized imaging, electrophysiology, and three-dimensional high-resolution electron microscopy analyses to address the neural circuit role of LRRTM3 in vivo, using both conventional and conditionalLrrtm3-KO mice. We found that LRRTM3 is required for the specific assembly and function of the medial perforant path to dentate gyrus synapses. Moreover, LRRTM3 is required for proper excitatory synaptic connectivity and long-term synaptic plasticity at mossy fiber–CA3 synapses. Strikingly, presynaptic inactivation of medial perforant path–dentate gyrus (MPP–DG) circuit activities completely rescued the impaired excitatory synaptic inputs and long-term synaptic plasticity ofLrrtm3-KO mice, demonstrating that LRRTM3 is involved in activity-dependent hippocampal excitatory synapse refinement/stabilization, which is dictated and synchronized by glutamatergic neurotransmission.
GATOR2 complex–mediated amino acid signaling regulates brain myelination
Authors: Yu Zongyan , Yang Zhiwen , Ren Guoru , Wang Yingjie , Luo Xiang , Zhu Feiyan , Yu Shouyang , Jia Lanlan , Chen Mina , Worley Paul F. , Xiao Bo 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Fast transmission of nerve impulses with energetic efficiency along axons of nerve cells is essential for brain function. Toward this goal, axons are wrapped by the myelin membranes extended from oligodendrocytes, which is known as myelination of axons. Therefore, myelination is dependent on the formation of oligodendrocyte lineage cells. How the oligodendrocyte lineage is formed remains incompletely known. Previous studies suggest that signaling pathways of growth factors and amino acids might coordinate the regulation of oligodendrocyte formation, but the specific amino acid signaling pathway that participates in this regulation has not been identified. This study identifies the amino acid signaling complex GATOR2 (GAP activity towards Rags 2) as a positive regulator of oligodendrocyte formation and myelination that coordinately regulates brain myelination with growth factor signaling.
Insight into the symbiotic lifestyle of DPANN archaea revealed by cultivation and genome analyses
Authors: Sakai Hiroyuki D. , Nur Naswandi , Kato Shingo , Yuki Masahiro , Shimizu Michiru , Itoh Takashi , Ohkuma Moriya , Suwanto Antonius , Kurosawa Norio 
Published: January 2022

SignificanceThe DPANN superphylum is a grouping of symbiotic microorganisms categorized based on their genomic contents and a few examples of cultivation experiments. Although the genome information of DPANN archaea is increasing year by year, most of them have remained uncultivated, limiting our knowledge of these organisms. Herein, a thermoacidophilic symbiotic archaeon (ARM-1) from the DPANN superphylum was successfully cultivated and characterized. We determined its physiological, morphological, and genomic characteristics in detail and obtained experimental evidence of the symbiotic lifestyle of this archaeon. Notably, ARM-1 is a symbiotic archaeal strain that showed dependence on a range of host species in a laboratory culture. The results significantly contribute to the true understanding of the physiology and ecology of DPANN archaea.
The PCY-SAG14 phytocyanin module regulated by PIFs and miR408 promotes dark-induced leaf senescence in
Arabidopsis
Authors: Hao Chen , Yang Yanzhi , Du Jianmei , Deng Xing Wang , Li Lei 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Leaf senescence is a critical process in plants and has a direct impact on many important agronomic traits. Despite decades of research, identity of the senescence signal and the molecular mechanism that perceives and transduces the signal remain elusive. Using dark-induced leaf senescence as the experimental system, we found that senescence induces rapid reciprocal regulation of plastocyanin, a copper-binding electron carrier in the photosynthetic electron transport chain, and the PCY-SAG14 pair of phytocyanins located on the endomembrane. We also found that PCY-SAG14, which is modulated by PIF3/4/5 and miR408, is both necessary and sufficient to promote senescence. These findings indicate that intracellular copper homeostasis mediated by the PCY-SAG14 module plays an important regulatory role in dark-induced leaf senescence.
Role of smooth muscle activation in the static and dynamic mechanical characterization of human aortas
Authors: Franchini Giulio , Breslavsky Ivan D. , Giovanniello Francesco , Kassab Ali , Holzapfel Gerhard A. , Amabili Marco 
Published: January 2022

Significance
The rupture of aortic aneurysms causes around 10,000 deaths each year in the United States. Prosthetic tubes for aortic repair present a large mismatch of mechanical properties with the natural aorta, which has negative consequences for perfusion. This motivates research into the mechanical characterization of human aortas to develop a new generation of mechanically compatible aortic grafts. Experimental data and a suitable material model for human aortas with vascular smooth muscle (VSM) activation are not available. Hence, the present study provides experimental data that are needed. These data made it possible to develop a precise structure-based model of active aortic tissue. The results show the importance of VSM activation on the static and dynamic mechanical response of human aortas.
The constraints in the field of institutional translation in Turkey
Authors: Seçkin Sevcan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to examine the constraints in the institutional field within the framework of the sociology of translation. In the paper, the term “constraint” refers to the problems that cannot be solved due to many factors and negatively affect the translation process, translators, and therefore translation product. The paper will reveal all the constraints with an analysis of the position of the field within the field of power, the structure of the field, and the habitus of agents (here exclusively referring to translators), based on Pierre Bourdieu’s model of field analysis. The study draws on the case studies of four institutions to analyze all the dynamics of the institutional field and their impact on the translation process and translation product. The institutions are the European Union Translation Coordination Presidency (EUTCP) and the Prime Ministry Directorate General of Press and Information (PDGPI) as a national institution, the United Nations World Food Program (WFP) as an international institution, and the Association of Solidarity with Asylum Seekers and Immigrants (ASAM) as a non-governmental organization. Face-to-face interviews with these four institutions, which carry out different translation activities for different purposes, will reveal the big picture of the field. However, more empirical work is needed to generalize about the constraints of this field.
The etymological substance of the Italian first- and second-person oblique clitic pronouns
Authors: Olander Thomas 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The first- and second-person plural oblique pronuns in modern standard Italian are ci and vi; other varieties of Italo-Romance present ne (rarely ni) and ve. The pronominal clitics ci, ne and vi are often identified etymolo­gically with the local adverbs ci, ne and vi, reflecting Latin (*)hince, inde and ibi. According to a competing view only ci has an adverbial origin, whereas the pronominal clitics ne and vi reflect Latin nōs and uōs. In this study I present the material and analyse it historically. I conclude that the latter hypothesis is more plausible: it was precisely the accidental merger of pronominal ne and vi (from Latin nōs and uōs) with adverbial ne and vi (from Latin inde and ibi) that triggered the replacement of ne with ci (from Latin (*)hince).