bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of redo ablation for atrial fibrillation on patient‐reported outcomes and quality of life
Authors: Farwati Medhat , Amin Mustapha , Saliba Walid I. , Nakagawa Hiroshi , Tarakji Khaldoun G. , Diab Mohamed , Scandinaro Anna , Madden Ruth , Bouscher Patricia , Kuroda Shunsuke , Kanj Mohamed , Dresing Thomas J. , Callahan Thomas D. , Bhargava Mandeep , Sroubek Jakub , Baranowski Bryan , Rickard John , Cantillon Daniel J. , Tchou Patrick J. , Wazni Oussama M. , Hussein Ayman A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionCatheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) is frequently used for the purpose of rhythm control and improved quality of life (QoL). Although success rates are high, a significant proportion of patients require redo ablation. Data are scarce on patient‐centered outcomes and QoL in patients undergoing redo AF ablation. We aimed to assess QoL and clinical outcomes using a large prospectively maintained patient‐reported outcomes (PRO) registry.MethodsAll patients undergoing redo AF ablation (2013–2016) at our center were enrolled in a prospective registry for outcomes and assessed for QoL using automated PRO surveys (baseline, 3 and 6 months after ablation, every 6 months thereafter). Data were collected over 3 years of follow‐up. The atrial fibrillation symptom severity scale (AFSSS) was used as the main measure for QoL. Additional variables included patient‐reported improvement, AF burden, and AF‐related healthcare utilization including emergency room (ER) visits and hospitalizations.ResultsA total of 848 patients were included (28% females, mean age 63.8, 51% persistent AF). By automated PRO, significant improvement in QoL was noted (baseline median AFSSS of 12 [5–18] and ranged between 2 and 4 on subsequent assessments; p < .0001), with ≥70%of patients reported remarkable improvement in their AF‐related symptoms. The proportion of patients in AF at the time of baseline survey was 36%, and this decreased to <8% across all time points during follow‐up (p < .0001). AF burden was significantly reduced (including frequency and duration of episodes; p < .0001), with an associated decrease in healthcare utilization after 6 months from the time of ablation (including ER visits and hospitalizations; p < .0001). The proportion of patients on anticoagulants or antiarrhythmics decreased on follow‐up across all time points (p < .0001 for all variables).ConclusionMost patients derive significant QoL benefit from redo AF ablation; with reduction of both AF burden and healthcare utilization.
Effect of concomitant Renal DeNervation and cardiac ablation on Atrial Fibrillation recurrence – RDN+AF study
Authors: Kirstein Bettina , Tomala Jakub , Mayer Julia , Ulbrich Stefan , Wagner Michael , Pu Liying , Piorkowski Judith , Hankel Anastasia , Huo Yan , Gaspar Thomas , Richter Utz , Hindricks Gerhard , Piorkowski Christopher 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundRenal denervation (RDN) can reduce cardiac sympathetic activity maintained by arterial hypertension (aHT). Its potential antiarrhythmic effect on rhythm outcome in patients with multi‐drug resistant aHT undergoing catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) is unclear.MethodsThe RDN+AF study was a prospective, randomized, two‐center trial. Patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF and uncontrolled aHT (mean systolic 24‐h ambulatory BP > 135 mmHg) despite taking at least three antihypertensive drugs were enrolled. Patients were 1:2 randomized to either RDN+AF ablation or AF‐only ablation. Primary endpoint was freedom from any AF episode > 2 min at 12 months assessed by implantable loop recorder (ILR) or 7d‐holter electrocardiogram. Secondary endpoints included rhythm outcome at 24 months, blood pressure control, periprocedural complications, and renovascular safety.ResultsThe study randomized 61 patients (mean age 65 ± 9 years, 53% men). At 12 months, RDN+AF patients tended to have a greater decrease in ambulatory BPs but did not reach statistical significance. No differences in rhythm outcome were observed. Freedom from AF recurrence in the RDN+AF and AF‐only group measured 61% versus 53% p = .622 at 12 months and 39% versus 47% p = .927 at 24 months, respectively. Periprocedural complications occurred in 9/61 patients (15%). No patient died.ConclusionAmong patients with multidrug‐resistant aHT and paroxysmal or persistent AF, concomitant RDN+AF ablation was not associated with better blood pressure control or rhythm outcome in comparison to AF‐only ablation and medical therapy.
Quality of life measurement in vitiligo. Position statement of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Task Force on Quality of Life and Patient Oriented Outcomes with external experts
Authors: Chernyshov Pavel V. , Tomas‐Aragones Lucia , Manolache Liana , Pustisek Nives , Salavastru Carmen Maria , Marron Servando E. , Bewley Anthony , Svensson Ake , Poot Françoise , Suru Alina , Salek Sam S. , Augustin Matthias , Szepietowski Jacek С. , Koumaki Dimitra , Katoulis Alexander C. , Sampogna Francesca , Abeni Damiano , Linder Dennis Michael , Speeckaert Reinhart , van Geel Nanja , Seneschal Julien , Ezzedine Khaled , Finlay Andrew Y. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMembers of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) Task Force on Quality of Life (QoL) and Patient Oriented Outcomes reviewed the instruments available for health‐related (HR) QoL assessment in vitiligo and together with external vitiligo experts (including representatives of the EADV Vitiligo Task Force) have made practical recommendations concerning the assessment of QoL in vitiligo patients. The Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) was the most frequently used HRQoL instrument, making comparison of results between different countries possible. Several vitiligo‐specific instruments were identified. The vitiligo Impact Scale (VIS) is an extensively validated vitiligo‐specific HRQoL instrument with proposed minimal important change and clinical interpretation for VIS‐22 scores. VIS‐22 was developed for use in India, where there are some specific cultural beliefs concerning vitiligo. The EADV Task Force on QoL and Patient Oriented Outcomes recommends use of the DLQI and the Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) as dermatology‐specific instruments in vitiligo. There is a strong need for a valid (including cross‐cultural validation) vitiligo‐specific instrument that can be either a new instrument or the improvement of existing instruments. This validation must include the proof of responsiveness.
Quantitative flood hazard assessment methods: A review
Authors: Maranzoni Andrea , D'Oria Marco , Rizzo Carmine 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFlood hazard assessment is a fundamental step in flood risk mapping. Quantitative assessment requires hydrodynamic modelling of the flooding process in order to calculate the spatial distribution of suitable flood hazard indicators representative of flooding intensity and frequency, hence its potential to result in harm. Flood hazard indicators are usually defined by combining relevant flooding parameters, mainly flood depth and flow velocity, but also flooding arrival time, flooding duration, sediment or contamination load, and so forth. A flood hazard classification is commonly introduced to assign a hazard level to areas potentially subject to flooding. This article presents a systematic review of quantitative methods proposed in the scientific literature or prescribed by government authorities to assess the hazard associated with natural or anthropic flooding. Flood hazard classification methods are listed and compared by specifying their underlying approach (heuristic, conceptual, empirical), the exposed element which they were designed for (people, buildings, vehicles, etc.), and their fields of application (river overflow, dam‐break, levee breach, debris flow). Perspectives and future challenges in quantitative flood hazard analysis are also discussed. This review aims to help modellers and practitioners to select the most suitable flood hazard assessment method for the case study of interest.
Association of pulse pressure with all‐cause mortality in older Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A observational cohort study
Authors: Fukunaga Naoko , Tamakoshi Koji , Hayashi Toshio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimAlthough systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as blood glucose are monitored when nurses care for patients with type 2 diabetes, the same is not true for pulse pressure. We aimed to determine the association between pulse pressure and all‐cause mortality.MethodsWe conducted a longitudinal study of outpatients with type 2 diabetes aged 65 years and older at diabetes‐specialized hospitals in Japan from September 2004 to December 2016. Descriptive data, blood pressure measurements, blood analysis data, and information on life and death were obtained from medical records. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the relative risks with 95% confidence intervals for all‐cause mortality.ResultsWe analyzed 357 of the 383 recruited patients (mean age, 74.9 years; 175 men and 182 women; average follow‐up, 7.7 years), and 50 patients died. After adjusting for covariates, the relative risks for pulse pressures of 55 to <65, 65 to <75, and ≥75 mmHg (reference: <55 mmHg) were 1.77 (95% confidence interval: [0.59, 5.28]), 2.66 (95% confidence interval: [0.93, 7.56]), and 3.23 (95% confidence interval: [1.16, 8.99]), respectively. The relative risk for the 65 mmHg or higher group (reference: <65 mmHg) was 2.08 (95% confidence interval: [1.11, 3.92]). Neither systolic blood pressure nor diastolic blood pressure alone were significantly associated with mortality.ConclusionsIn older patients with type 2 diabetes, a wide pulse pressure was associated with a higher risk of all‐cause mortality. Nurses caring for older people with diabetes should also monitor pulse pressure.
National survey of abnormal uterine bleeding according to the FIGO classification in Japan
Authors: Kitahara Yoshikazu , Hiraike Osamu , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Kugu Koji , Takai Yasushi , Yoshino Osamu , Ono Masanori , Maekawa Ryo , Ota Ikuko , Iwase Akira 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate the status of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) in Japan using the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) classification (AUB system 1 and 2; PALM‐COEIN) and to clarify the relationship between AUB symptoms and the diseases causing AUB.MethodsIn a nationwide study, we enrolled first‐time patients who visited target facilities during two consecutive weeks from December 1, 2019 to January 31, 2020. The FIGO classification was used to investigate patients with symptoms and causative diseases of AUB. Based on the proportion of patients in the nationwide study, 373 cases were included in the detailed survey. Survey items included symptoms of AUB according to AUB system 1, examination details, and causative diseases according to the PALM‐COEIN classification.ResultsWithin the study period, we encountered 61 740 first‐time patients, of which 8081 (13.1%) were diagnosed with AUB. Among them, 39.9% had abnormal menstrual cycles and 56.9% had abnormal menstrual bleeding. In the survey, PALM had the highest percentage of AUB‐L and COEIN had the highest percentage of AUB‐O. Correspondence analysis showed that COEIN was strongly associated with abnormal menstrual cycles and PALM with abnormal menstrual bleeding.ConclusionWe conducted the first nationwide survey of AUB in Japan. The FIGO classification was a useful tool for the diagnosis of AUB, with a strong correlation between symptoms of AUB by AUB system 1 and the causative disease of AUB by PALM‐COEIN. Conversely, a high percentage of AUB‐N and AUB‐E suggests that AUB system 1 and PALM‐COEIN are ambiguous as diagnostic tools.
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycle success in patients under 35 years old with diminished ovarian reserve plus severe male factor
Authors: Özmen Sevinc , Tola Esra Nur , Karahasanoğlu Ayse 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes in young patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) plus severe male factor (SMF) compared with age‐matched controls with DOR.Study designA total of 189 infertile women under 35 years with DOR undergoing ICSI procedures were included retrospectively. Participants whose partners' sperm analysis was normal considered as the DOR group (n = 154) and whose partners' had SMF considered asthe DOR + SMF group(n = 35). The two groups were compared regarding cycle characteristics and pregnancy outcomes.ResultsDemographic features except infertility duration were similar between two groups. The duration of infertility was significantly longer in the DOR + SMF group compared to the DOR group (p = 0.02). Ovarian stimulation characteristics, oocyte retrieval parameters, fertilization rate, quality of embryos, embryo cancellation rate, and development up to blastocyst stage were found similar between two groups. Implantation, clinical pregnancy, abortion, and live birth rate, multiple pregnancy rate per cycle were distributed homogenously between the DOR and DOR + SMF groups.Regarding perinatal and neonatal outcomes of groups, fetal height and weight were significantly lower in DOR + SMF group than in DOR group (p = 0.001 and 0.01, respectively). Gestational week at delivery was lower in the DOR + SMF group compared to the DOR group (p < 0.0001).ConclusionFetal anthropometric measures were lower regarding to preterm delivery in the DOR + SMF group than the DOR group. Large sample‐sized studies should be performed to explain the decreased gestational week at the time of delivery in the DOR + SMF group.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging, deep learning, and Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review
Authors: Warren Samuel L. , Moustafa Ahmed A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is currently diagnosed using a mixture of psychological tests and clinical observations. However, these diagnoses are not perfect, and additional diagnostic tools (e.g., MRI) can help improve our understanding of AD as well as our ability to detect the disease. Accordingly, a large amount of research has been invested into innovative diagnostic methods for AD. Functional MRI (fMRI) is a form of neuroimaging technology that has been used to diagnose AD; however, fMRI is incredibly noisy, complex, and thus lacks clinical use. Nonetheless, recent innovations in deep learning technology could enable the simplified and streamlined analysis of fMRI. Deep learning is a form of artificial intelligence that uses computer algorithms based on human neural networks to solve complex problems. For example, in fMRI research, deep learning models can automatically denoise images and classify AD by detecting patterns in participants’ brain scans. In this systematic review, we investigate how fMRI (specifically resting‐state fMRI) and deep learning methods are used to diagnose AD. In turn, we outline the common deep neural network, preprocessing, and classification methods used in the literature. We also discuss the accuracy, strengths, limitations, and future direction of fMRI deep learning methods. In turn, we aim to summarize the current field for new researchers, suggest specific areas for future research, and highlight the potential of fMRI to aid AD diagnoses.
Between Treatment and Enhancement: Islamic Discourses on the Boundaries of Human Genetic Modification
Authors: Shabana Ayman 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTRecent developments in genomic technology, especially those enabling gene editing, promise to put an end to hitherto intractable medical problems and to usher us into the age of personalized medicine. These technologies, however, raise a number of serious ethical challenges. Given the global impact of this technology, recent international regulations emphasize the need for intercultural dialogue on these ethical issues. This paper concentrates on Islamic perspectives on human genetic modification. It examines Islamic juristic discourses on the issue of genetic modification and highlights the different layers within these discourses. The paper identifies the main positions regarding human genetic modification along with the underlying arguments for each of them. In general, these positions are articulated in light of the nature as well as the intended objectives of the different procedures. The paper devotes special attention to the treatment‐enhancement distinction and argues that within Islamic discourses this distinction is quite nuanced. The paper points out important substantive and methodological gaps and emphasizes the evolving nature of Islamic discourses on this issue.
Social network geometry, linguistic ideologies, and identity negotiation among Latinx English speakers in New Orleans
Authors: Lewis Tom 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article presents an analysis of the role of social networks in shaping patterns of /æ/ realization among Latinxs in Post‐Katrina New Orleans. Social network metrics are shown to be statistically significant predictors of pre‐nasal /æ/ tensing. I argue that social network metrics operationalize important aspects of the sociolinguistic context and contribute to our understanding of factors influencing how Latinx speakers recruit locally significant sociolinguistic variables in linguistic performance. The data and analysis strongly argue against distinctiveness approaches to studies of language and ethnicity, where “racial categories are equated with empirically distinctive sets of linguistic features” (Rosa & Flores, 2017), by demonstrating that Latinx speakers participate in a local change‐in‐progress in ways that are shaped by the same types of sociolinguistic factors that shape linguistic variation generally. The analysis is based on excerpts from a series of interviews conducted with Latinxs in the city (n = 33) in 2017–2018. The interviews were transcribed and coded for tokens of /æ/. Participants were categorized into one of three systems of /æ/ realizations, and tokens of /æ/ were further analyzed using inferential statistics to determine which independent variables were significant predictors of pre‐nasal /æ/ tensing. This research contributes to a growing body of work rejecting distinctiveness approaches to the linguistic performance of minoritized speakers, focusing instead on the ways in which individual speakers recruit linguistic features in the negotiation of identity (Eckert, 2008, 2018; Rosa & Flores, 2017; King 2016, 2018) and helps advance our understanding of how linguistic ideologies and articulations of ethnicity shape linguistic performance.
Clinical performance of theIMMYcryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay in dogs and cats
Authors: Langner Kathrin F. A. , Yang Wen‐Jie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundCryptococcal lateral flow antigen assays (CLFAs) have been assessed in comparison to the latex cryptococcal antigen agglutination test but their clinical performance is unknown.ObjectiveDetermine clinical performance of IMMY CLFA (Immuno‐Mycologics Inc, Oklahoma) using patients with and without cryptococcosis as the reference standard.AnimalsOne‐hundred ninety‐seven serum samples from client‐owned dogs and cats.MethodsReview of medical records of a referral population of dogs and cats that had CLFA performed between 2012 and 2020. Animals were classified as cryptococcosis positive (Cr+) or negative (Cr−) based on clinical information. Clinical diagnosis was used to calculate positive and negative percent agreement of the CLFA.ResultsTwelve specimens (4 canine, 8 feline) were obtained from Cr+ animals and had positive CLFA results. One‐hundred eighty‐five specimens (139 canine, 46 feline) were collected from Cr− animals. Negative CLFA results were recorded in 129 canine and 44 feline Cr− samples. Positive CLFA results were noted for 10 canine and 2 feline Cr− samples. Positive percent agreement of CLFA was 100% (confidence interval [CI], 39.8%‐100% dogs; 63.1%‐100% cats). Negative percent agreements were 92.8% (CI, 87.2%‐96.5%) for dogs and 95.7% (CI, 85.2%‐99.5%) for cats.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceA negative IMMY CLFA result enables reliable exclusion of cryptococcal infection in dogs and cats. By contrast, a positive result must be interpreted cautiously and further testing should be performed to verify a diagnosis of cryptococcosis.
Evaluation of a machine learning tool to screen for hypoadrenocorticism in dogs presenting to a teaching hospital
Authors: Reagan Krystle L. , Pires Jully , Quach Nina , Gilor Chen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundDogs with hypoadrenocorticism (HA) have clinical signs and clinicopathologic abnormalities that can be mistaken as other diseases. In dogs with a differential diagnosis of HA, a machine learning model (MLM) has been validated to discriminate between HA and other diseases. This MLM has not been evaluated as a screening tool for a broader group of dogs.HypothesisAn MLM can accurately screen dogs for HA.AnimalsDogs (n = 1025) examined at a veterinary hospital.MethodsDogs that presented to a tertiary referral hospital that had a CBC and serum chemistry panel were enrolled. A trained MLM was applied to clinicopathologic data and in dogs that were MLM positive for HA, diagnosis was confirmed by measurement of serum cortisol.ResultsTwelve dogs were MLM positive for HA and had further cortisol testing. Five had HA confirmed (true positive), 4 of which were treated for mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid deficiency, and 1 was treated for glucocorticoid deficiency alone. Three MLM positive dogs had baseline cortisol ≤2 μg/dL but were euthanized or administered glucocorticoid treatment without confirming the diagnosis with an ACTH‐stimulation test (classified as “undetermined”), and in 4, HA was ruled out (false positives). The positive likelihood ratio of the MLM was 145 to 254. All dogs diagnosed with HA by attending clinicians tested positive by the MLM.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThis MLM can robustly predict HA status when indiscriminately screening all dogs with blood work. In this group of dogs with a low prevalence of HA, the false positive rates were clinically acceptable.
Stemborer‐induced rice plant volatiles boost direct and indirect resistance in neighboring plants
Authors: Yao Chengcheng , Du Lixiao , Liu Qingsong , Hu Xiaoyun , Ye Wenfeng , Turlings Ted C. J. , Li Yunhe 
Published: October 2022

Summary

Herbivore‐induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) are known to be perceived by neighboring plants, resulting in induction or priming of chemical defenses. There is little information on the defense responses that are triggered by these plant–plant interactions, and the phenomenon has rarely been studied in rice.

Using chemical and molecular analyses in combination with insect behavioral and performance experiments, we studied how volatiles emitted by rice plants infested by the striped stemborer (SSB) Chilo suppressalis affect defenses against this pest in conspecific plants.

Compared with rice plants exposed to the volatiles from uninfested plants, plants exposed to SSB‐induced volatiles showed enhanced direct and indirect resistance to SSB. When subjected to caterpillar damage, the HIPV‐exposed plants showed increased expression of jasmonic acid (JA) signaling genes, resulting in JA accumulation and higher levels of defensive proteinase inhibitors. Moreover, plants exposed to SSB‐induced volatiles emitted larger amounts of inducible volatiles and were more attractive to the parasitoid Cotesia chilonis.

By unraveling the factors involved in HIPV‐mediated defense priming in rice, we reveal a key defensive role for proteinase inhibitors. These findings pave the way for novel rice management strategies to enhance the plant's resistance to one of its most devastating pests.