bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered Structural and Functional Patterns Within Executive Control Network Distinguish Frontal Glioma-Related Epilepsy
Authors: Di Guangfu , Tan Mingze , Xu Rui , Zhou Wei , Duan Kaiqiang , Hu Zongwen , Cao Xiaoxiang , Zhang Hongchuang , Jiang Xiaochun 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe tumor invasion of the frontal lobe induces changes in the executive control network (ECN). It remains unclear whether epileptic seizures in frontal glioma patients exacerbate the structural and functional alterations within the ECN, and whether these changes can be used to identify glioma-related seizures at an early stage. This study aimed to investigate the altered structural and functional patterns of ECN in frontal gliomas without epilepsy (non-FGep) and frontal gliomas with epilepsy (FGep) and to evaluate whether the patterns can accurately distinguish glioma-related epilepsy.MethodsWe measured gray matter (GM) volume, regional homogeneity (ReHo), and functional connectivity (FC) within the ECN to identify the structural and functional changes in 50 patients with frontal gliomas (29 non-FGep and 21 FGep) and 39 healthy controls (CN). We assessed the relationships between the structural and functional changes and cognitive function using partial correlation analysis. Finally, we applied a pattern classification approach to test whether structural and functional abnormalities within the ECN can distinguish non-FGep and FGep from CN subjects.ResultsWithin the ECN, non-FGep and FGep showed increased local structure (GM) and function (ReHo), and decreased FC between brain regions compared to CN. Also, non-FGep and FGep showed differential patterns of structural and functional abnormalities within the ECN, and these abnormalities are more severe in FGep than in non-FGep. Lastly, FC between the right superior frontal gyrus and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was positively correlated with episodic memory scores in non-FGep and FGep. In particular, the support vector machine (SVM) classifier based on structural and functional abnormalities within ECN could accurately distinguish non-FGep and FGep from CN, and FGep from non-FGep on an individual basis with very high accuracy, area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity.ConclusionTumor invasion of the frontal lobe induces local structural and functional reorganization within the ECN, exacerbated by the accompanying epileptic seizures. The ECN abnormalities can accurately distinguish the presence or absence of epileptic seizures in frontal glioma patients. These findings suggest that differential ECN patterns can assist in the early identification and intervention of epileptic seizures in frontal glioma patients.
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine Versus Propofol in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Sepsis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Ding Hua-Ze , Dong Yi-Ling , Zhang Kai-Yue , Bai Jia-Yu 
Published: May 2022

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine compared with propofol in mechanically ventilated patients with sepsis.Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of dexmedetomidine versus propofol in septic patients requiring mechanical ventilation from inception to December 2021. The primary outcome was 28/30-day mortality and secondary outcomes were ventilator-free days and the length of ICU stay. Pooled relative risk (RR), mean deviation (MD), along with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to express outcomes by the software of Review Manager 5.3.Results: Seven studies with a total of 1,212 patients were eligible for meta-analysis. The results primarily showed that dexmedetomidine had no significant effects on the 28/30-day mortality (RR = 1.04 [0.85–1.26], p = 0.70, I2 = 3%). As for secondary outcomes, the administration of dexmedetomidine was not associated with longer-ventilator-free days (MD = 0.50 [−2.15, 3.15], p = 0.71, I2 = 24%) compared with propofol. However, our results revealed dexmedetomidine could shorten the length of ICU stay (MD = −0.76 [−1.34, −0.18], p = 0.01, I2 = 33%).Conclusion: Administration of dexmedetomidine for sedation in septic patients who required mechanical ventilation had no effect on 28/30-day mortality and ventilator-free days, but it could shorten the length of ICU stay.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Mutations of Troponin Reveal Details of Striated Muscle Regulation
Authors: Chalovich J. M. , Zhu L. , Johnson D. 
Published: May 2022

Striated muscle contraction is inhibited by the actin associated proteins tropomyosin, troponin T, troponin I and troponin C. Binding of Ca2+ to troponin C relieves this inhibition by changing contacts among the regulatory components and ultimately repositioning tropomyosin on the actin filament creating a state that is permissive for contraction. Several lines of evidence suggest that there are three possible positions of tropomyosin on actin commonly called Blocked, Closed/Calcium and Open or Myosin states. These states are thought to correlate with different functional states of the contractile system: inactive-Ca2+-free, inactive-Ca2+-bound and active. The inactive-Ca2+-free state is highly occupied at low free Ca2+ levels. However, saturating Ca2+ produces a mixture of inactive and active states making study of the individual states difficult. Disease causing mutations of troponin, as well as phosphomimetic mutations change the stabilities of the states of the regulatory complex thus providing tools for studying individual states. Mutants of troponin are available to stabilize each of three structural states. Particular attention is given to the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy causing mutation, Δ14 of TnT, that is missing the last 14 C-terminal residues of cardiac troponin T. Removal of the basic residues in this region eliminates the inactive-Ca2+-free state. The major state occupied with Δ14 TnT at inactivating Ca2+ levels resembles the inactive-Ca2+-bound state in function and in displacement of TnI from actin-tropomyosin. Addition of Ca2+, with Δ14TnT, shifts the equilibrium between the inactive-Ca2+-bound and the active state to favor that latter state. These mutants suggest a unique role for the C-terminal region of Troponin T as a brake to limit Ca2+ activation.
Chronotypes, Sleep and Mental Distress Among Chinese College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Jiajia , Liu Shuai , Guo Junlong , Xiao Rong , Yu Jia , Luo Xian , Xu Yan , Zhao Yuhan , Cui Yingru , Gu Yue , Cai Lidan , Zhang Bin 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the chronotypes and their relationship with sleep disturbances and mental distress among college students.MethodsStudents from a university in Guangzhou, China, were recruited through a cross-sectional online survey. Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires including socio-demographics, lifestyles and health conditions, sleep patterns on weekdays and weekends, as well as the reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ), the Insomnia Severity Index, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory-13, and the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. Multivariate analyses were performed to examine the associations of chronotypes with sleep compensation, sleep disturbances, and mental distress.ResultsA total of 1,607 questionnaires were received, among which 1,569 (97.6%) were valid for further analysis. Among these participants [mean age 19.86 ± 1.16 (15–27) years], morning types (M-types), intermediate types (I-types), and evening types (E-types) accounted for 14.9, 71.5, and 13.6%, respectively. The regression analysis revealed that E-types were positively associated with long sleep compensation on weekends (adjusted OR 2.443, 95%CI 1.740-3.429) compared with I-types, while M-types were the opposite (adjusted OR 0.623, 95%CI 0.392–0.990). E-types were also positively correlated with insomnia symptoms (adjusted OR 2.000, 95%CI 1.428–2.801), depressive symptoms (adjusted OR 2.068, 95%CI 1.496–2.858), and anxiety symptoms (adjusted OR 2.188, 95%CI 1.387–3.451). However, no significant association was found between chronotypes and excessive daytime sleepiness.ConclusionOur study found that E-types were associated with long sleep compensation on weekends and insomnia, depression, and anxiety symptoms. Our findings emphasized the importance of early recognition and intervention of E-types and their accompanied sleep problems and mental distress.
School Meal Programs in Africa: Regional Results From the 2019 Global Survey of School Meal Programs
Authors: Wineman Ayala , Ekwueme Moses C. , Bigayimpunzi Liliane , Martin-Daihirou Alice , de Gois V. N. Rodrigues Eth Ludmilla , Etuge Priscilia , Warner Yale , Kessler Heidi , Mitchell Arlene 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionSchool meal programs operate throughout Africa, serving as a social safety net and aiming to improve children's nutrition, influence their dietary choices, and strengthen the agrifood economy through local procurement. Despite their rapid expansion in the past decade, there has been no systematic effort to comprehensively document school feeding activities across the continent.MethodsDetailed information on school feeding activities in each country was captured in the Global Survey of School Meal Programs©, which launched in 2019. An invitation to participate was extended to each government, which appointed a national-level respondent to gather information on every large-scale school meal program in the country.ResultsForty-one countries in Africa (38 in sub-Saharan Africa) responded to the survey in 2019 with information on 68 large-scale programs that together reached 60.1 million children. Across these countries, the aggregate school feeding budget was USD 1.3 billion. Diversity in school meal programs is evident across regions, country income levels, and levels of national commitment. Coverage rates tended to be highest in southern Africa, in countries with school feeding as a line item in the national budget, and in countries with the greatest domestic share of the school feeding budget. Diversity in the school menu tended to be greatest in programs that sourced food through domestic purchase rather than relying on foreign in-kind donations. To address micronutrient malnutrition, about two-thirds of the programs served fortified foods, and one-quarter included micronutrient supplements. Even as rates of overweight/obesity are rising among African school children, just 10% of school meal programs identified its prevention as an objective.ConclusionThe extent to which school meal programs in Africa are supported with domestic funding reflects a dramatic shift in favor of national ownership and domestic food procurement. At the same time, programs have grappled with inadequate and unpredictable budgets and challenges related to supply chains and logistics—impediments that need to be addressed if these programs are to achieve their objectives. Overall, the survey results underscore the important position of school meal programs within African food systems and their potential (if well-designed) to sustainably improve food security, child health, and nutrition.
Occupational Hazards of Surgical Smoke and Achieving a Smoke Free Operating Room Environment: Asia-Pacific Consensus Statement on Practice Recommendations
Authors: Heroor Anil Ashok , Asaf Belal Bin , Deo Suryanarayana S. V. , Lau Eric Hui-Lun , Mok Chi Wei , DiPasco Peter Joseph , Jain Pradeep , Anand Utpal 
Published: May 2022

Background:Surgical smoke generated through energy devices may present detrimental effects on individuals present in the operating room (OR). Despite the concerns possibly associated with surgical smoke, there may be no mandatory policies that suggest protective measures and limited firm standards are committed yet to address the same.AimThe aim of this paper is to present recommendations for surgeons and OR personnel by taking a consensus approach based on available literature and its interpretation by a multi-national panel of experts.MethodsThe Asia-Pacific (APAC) group was established with the aims of reviewing literature evidence, discussing key issues regarding surgical smoke and its hazards, and offering a summary of statements in achieving a smoke-free OR environment. Eleven expert surgeons from the international APAC region were gathered with the purpose of coming to a consensus on engineering, best work-practices, and administrative controls in minimizing surgical smoke exposure. A two-phase consensus method was used to obtain opinions from the expert panel of specialists. Statements with an agreement of more than 80% were accepted.FindingsFor twenty-one statements, the panel achieved consensus on 17 statements; another 5 were dropped due to lack of consensus. The consensus was obtained on statements that address the need for the implementation of administrative policies, training and awareness, standard procedure for the continued use of engineering controls, stringent work practice controls and preventive controls.ConclusionThe statements presented may guide surgeons and OR personnel in the practical management of surgical smoke safety, mitigating the risks associated with it. The consensus statement also provides a series of recommendations that can be used with other stakeholders, such as policymakers, hospital administrators and professional societies, to highlight and motivate the implementation of meaningful policies.
Treatment of Atlantoaxial Dislocation in Children with Down Syndrome Using Posterior Atlantoaxial Screw Fixation
Authors: Li Chengxin , Tian Yiren , Ren Qiang , Ji Xiangqian , Mao Ziwei , Wu Ming 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundTo investigate the effect of posterior atlantoaxial screw fixation for the treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation in children with Down syndrome (DS).MethodsChildren diagnosed with DS who underwent posterior atlantoaxial screw fixation or occipitocervical fusion from January 2017 to January 2020 in Hebei Children’s Hospital were retrospectively included. Preoperative CT and MRI were performed to check the os odontoideum (OsO) and spinal cord compression, signal changes and spinal cord injury grade (ASIA grade).ResultsAll 5 children have atlantoaxial dislocation and OsO. Among which 60% (3/5) of children had changes in spinal cord signals and 40% (2/5) had dural sac compression. Every child underwent posterior atlantoaxial screw fixation (3.5-mm diameter), and the average fusion level was 1.8 (1–2). All 5 cases wore the head-neck-chest brace for 3–6 months after the operation. 1 case had dural tear and recovered well after timely suturing. 1 case had internal fixation breakage of the prosthetic joint and underwent revision surgery. At the last follow-up, all cases were fused and the neurological function were all ASIA grade E.ConclusionAfter posterior atlantoaxial screw fixation, fusion and nerve recovery were achieved in all children with atlantoaxial dislocation and OsO. Postoperative head-neck-chest braces are necessary for children, especially those with occipitocervical fusion.
Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography During Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery: A Pilot Study
Authors: Balla Andrea , Corallino Diletta , Quaresima Silvia , Palmieri Livia , Meoli Francesca , Cordova Herencia Ingrid , Paganini Alessandro M. 
Published: May 2022

AimsIndocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography (FA) is used for several purposes in general surgery, but its use in bariatric surgery is still debated. The objective of the present pilot study is to evaluate the intraoperative utility of ICG-FA during bariatric surgery in order to focus future research on a reliable tool to reduce the postoperative leak rate.MethodsThirteen patients (4 men, 30.8%, 9 women, 69.2%) with median age of 52 years (confidence interval, CI, 95% 46.2–58.7 years) and preoperative median body mass index of 42.6 kg/m2 (CI, 95% 36 to 49.3 kg/m2) underwent bariatric surgery with ICG-FA in our center. Three mL of ICG diluted with 10 cc sterile water were intravenously injected after gastric tube creation during laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and after the gastric pouch and gastro-jejunal anastomosis creation during laparoscopic gastric by-pass (LGB). For the ICG-FA, Karl Storz Image 1S D-Light system (Karl Storz Endoscope GmbH &amp; C. K., Tuttlingen, Germany) placed at a fixed distance of 5 cm from the structures of interest and zoomed vision modality were used to identify the vascular supply. The perfusion pattern was assessed by the surgical team according to a score. The score ranged from 1 (poor vascularization) to 5 (excellent vascularization) based on the intensity and timing of fluorescence of the vascularized structures.ResultsFom January 2021 to February 2022, six patients underwent LSG (46.2%), three patients underwent LGB (23.1%), and four patients underwent re-do LGB after LSG (30.8%). No adverse effects to ICG were observed. In 11 patients (84.6%) ICG-FA score was 5. During two laparoscopic re-do LGB, the vascular supply was not satisfactory (score 2/5) and the surgical strategy was changed based on ICG-FA (15.4%). At a median follow-up of five months postoperatively, leaks did not occur in any case.ConclusionsICG-FA during bariatric surgery is a safe, feasible and promising procedure. It could help to reduce the ischemic leak rate, even if standardization of the procedure and objective fluorescence quantification are still missing. Further prospective studies with a larger sample of patients are required to draw definitive conclusions.
انموذج لتقويم النتاجات الفنية لطلبة قسم التربية الاسرية والمهن الفنية في مادة النجارة
Authors: Prof. Dr. Hussein Mohamed Ali Saqi  
Published: May 2022

يهد ف البحث الحالي الى بناء استمارة تقويم لآجزاء و خطوات نتاجات الطلبة في قسم التربية الاسرية والمهن الفنية .وتضمن الفصل الاول مشكلة البحث حاول الباحث الاجابة عن كيفية بناء انموذج تقويم النتاجات الفنية لطلبة قسم التربية الاسرية والمهن الفنية في مادة النجارة .واهمية البحث والهدف ثم حدود البحث وتحديد المصطلحات الواردة في عنوانه .
اما الفصل الثاني شمل مبحثا عن التقويم وعن النجارة والفصل الثالث يحتوي اجراءات البحث وعن مجتمع البحث المتكون من طلبة قسم التربية الاسرية والمهن الفنية وكيفية اختيار العينة . وبناء الاداة وصدقها والثبات ثم التقويم . وتوصلت الدراسة الى عدة نتائج منها
وتظهر النتيجة ان درجات تقويم النتاجات الفنية لاعمال النجارة بهذا المستوى يعد مقبولا الى هذا الحد يعد مستوى جيد .وان طالب المرحلة الثالثة في قسم التربية الاسرية والمهن الفنية يدرس مادة مبادىء النجارة في المرحلة الثانية, والنجارة المتقدمة في المرحلة الثالثة ,فضلا عن ان هذا التقدير تراه الباحث جيدا لكون الطلبة مبتدئين في مجال فنون الاخشاب وليسوا نجارين محترفين.
واهم الاستنتاجات بالامكان تعلم مهارات النجارة وتقنياتها امرا ممكنا في ظل توفر اسلوب ناجح وتهيئة الظروف المناسبة .فضلاعن التوصيات والمقترحات وقائمة المصادر.
وتضمنت الملاحق باسماء الخبراء والاستمارة النهائية لتحليل النتاجات الفنية .
Healthcare Costs and Resource Use Associated With Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Cervical Conization: A Retrospective Study of German Statutory Health Insurance Claims Data
Authors: Stephan Anna-Janina , Reuschenbach Miriam , Saxena Kunal , Prabhu Vimalanand S. , Jacob Christian , Schneider Kim M. , Greiner Wolfgang , Wölle Regine , Hampl Monika 
Published: May 2022

Background: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) can be a consequence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. High-grade CIN (CIN2/CIN3) may develop from persistent HPV infection and progress to cervical cancer if left untreated. Management of CIN includes conservative surveillance or ablation and excision by conization. Internationally, CIN and its treatment generate a considerable economic burden, but no current data regarding costs and resource use from the perspective of the German statutory health insurance exist. Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the health economic burden in women with CIN diagnoses who either underwent cervical conization or were managed conservatively. Methods: We conducted a retrospective claims data analysis using the InGef Research Database from 2013 to 2018. Healthcare costs and resource utilization in a 24-month observation period (1:1:1 matching) were compared in 18- to 45-year-old women with CIN (1-3) who underwent a conization procedure (study cohort 1) and in women with CIN (1-3) who did not undergo conization (study cohort 2) to women with neither CIN nor conization (control group). Results: For each group, 2749 women were identified. Mean total healthcare costs after 24 months were higher in study cohort 1 (€4446, P<.01) and study cohort 2 (€3754, P=.09) compared with the control group (€3426). Comparing study cohort 1 and 2 to controls, mean differences were highest in age groups 41-45 years (cohort 1: €5115 vs €3354, P<.01; cohort 2: €4152 vs €3354, P=.14). Significantly more women were hospitalized at least once in study cohort 1 (57.46%, P<.01) and study cohort 2 (38.74%, P<.01) compared with the control group (31.14%). Frequency of outpatient physician visits was significantly higher in both study cohorts (43.23 visits, P<.01 and 38.60 visits, P<.01) compared with the control group (32.07 visits). Conclusion: Our results revealed 30% and 10% increased total healthcare costs in women with CIN undergoing invasive treatment (study cohort 1) and conservative management (study cohort 2), respectively, compared with a control group of women with no CIN in a 2-year follow-up period.
Detection of Mental Emotional Disorder Symptoms using SRQ-20 in Pregnant Women: A Case Example from South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Rachmat Muhammad , Wati Fira , Hasnaeni Hasnaeni , Manti Sabaria , Hasliani Andi , Hasnita Hasnita , Marbun Uliarta , Bellani Elvita , Virani Devintha , Ikhsan Muh. , Asrianti Tanti , Hidayat Muliati , Anwar Sitti Andriani 
Published: May 2022

The maternal health condition in Indonesia still requires special attention in terms of prevention and management of mental-emotional disorders. Meanwhile, the Indonesia Basic Health Research in 2013 results show that the prevalence of mental-emotional disorder was approximately 6% in each of the different provinces. This study aims to detect the prevalence of mental-emotional disorders symptoms in pregnant women and examine the relations with age, education, occupation, number of children ownership, MUAC (Mid-Upper Arm Circumference), and blood pressure. This is an analytical observational study conducted using a cross-sectional design on pregnant women that participated in antenatal examination visits to health facilities. The location was 60 Private Delivery Centers, 244 Public Health Centers, and 259 Hospitals. The sampling site was carried out in three different places, which focused on three areas of South Sulawesi in Makassar, Maros, and Pangkep. The pregnant woman within the age range of 20-35 years shows 71,3% with a p-value=0,080 having mental-emotional disorder symptoms and 71,5% of mothers with less than two children predominantly experienced mental-emotional disorders symptoms with a p-value=0,078. Hence, it is important to address this issue because the mental and emotional problems in pregnant women can potentially lead to adverse effects, both for the women and the baby.