bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using an EBFM lens to guide the management of marine biological resources under changing conditions
Authors: Ruiz‐Díaz Raquel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe management of natural resources is currently more challenging than ever before. Climate change and human population growth pose a threat to marine ecosystems as we know them. In order to preserve ecosystems, biodiversity and ecosystem services, management of biological resources must adopt a holistic strategy. Ecosystem‐Based Fisheries Management (EBFM) enables this by managing natural resources at the ecosystem level. However, EBFM objectives and implementation can be unclear at times, particularly when framed in the context of shifting conditions. In this research, the strategies available for managing marine biological resources within the EBFM framework and in a changing environment are reviewed. The purpose of this publication is to guide the decision on whether and how to change current management strategies in order to achieve policy goals. The manuscript starts with a revision of ecosystem indicators and ecosystem models used to detect and describe changes in ecosystem dynamics and stocks productivities under present and future conditions. Then, the different frameworks and methods available for integrating this information into the decision‐making process are summarised. Currently, some of the options available to include ecosystem realism into the fisheries advice include using ecosystem models in the Management Strategy Evaluation (MSE) process, adjusting single species reference points with ecosystem information and implementing risk‐equivalent empirical approaches. However, barriers that are impeding the adoption of these techniques exist. I concluded the study by identifying them and providing literature‐based solutions to overcome them from an interdisciplinary perspective.
From one flooding crisis to the next: Negotiating ‘the maybe’ in unequal Karachi
Authors: Kaker Sobia Ahmad , Anwar Nausheen H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEvery few years, Karachi floods during the summer monsoon. The flooding brings latent manoeuvrings by political actors looking to establish their hold over the city to the surface. Politicians, urban administrators, and relevant state and non‐state institutions blame historical planning failures, informal and illegal constructions, institutional conflict, incapable municipal governance, and widespread corruption for the flooding. They move quickly to establish authority and consolidate power while offering ‘fixes’. Eviction drives against ‘illegal settlements’ built along storm‐water drains, heavy taxes, fines, and demolitions of non‐conforming constructions, institutional reforms, budget allocations, and project approvals for new infrastructure all happen at once. Once the emergency ceases, key players in urban politics – resident groups, community associations, political parties, municipal authorities, land developers, planners, international non‐governmental organisations, and military institutions – start working on projects of accumulation and entrenchment, in preparation for the next crisis. In this paper, we look at the space–time of Karachi's certain and yet uncertain flooding crisis as a moment to study the politics of the maybe in the Pakistani megacity. Outlining marginal and affluent residents' lived experiences in a flooding city and relating their politics with governmental responses to immediate and possible future floods, we study the conditions of inhabitation, citizenship claims, and governmental relations in Karachi. We argue that the monsoon's expectant arrival becomes a locus for articulating and modulating different kinds of popular vernaculars, governmental practices, and political manoeuvrings for institutional and individual actors seeking profit and power in and through Karachi. The politics of the maybe hinges on actors entrenching their political positions without care, taking away any possibility for a shared, coherent worldview for all Karachiites. In conclusion, we argue that distant interests and logics of this politics of governance and inhabitation are inherently exploitative, threatening to pull apart the very city they thrive on.
Multiprocessing for the Particle Tracking ModelMODPATH
Authors: Pérez‐Illanes Rodrigo , Fernàndez‐Garcia Daniel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractParticle tracking has several important applications for solute transport studies in aquifer systems. Travel time distribution at observation points, particle coordinates in time and streamlines are some practical results providing information of expected transport patterns and interaction with boundary conditions. However, flow model complexity and simultaneous displacement of multiple particle groups leads to rapid increase of computational requirements. MODPATH is a particle tracking engine for MODFLOW models and source code displays potential for parallel processing of particles. This article addresses the implementation of this feature with the OpenMP library. Two synthetic aquifer applications are employed for performance tests on a desktop computer with increasing number of particles. Speed up analysis shows that dynamic thread scheduling is preferable for highly heterogeneous flows, providing processing adaptivity to the presence of slow particles. In simulations writing particles position in time, thread exclusive output files lead to higher speed up factors. Results show that above a threshold number of particles, simulation runtimes become independent of flow model grid complexity and are controlled by the large number of particles, then parallel processing reduces simulation runtimes for the particle tracking model MODPATH.Article impact statement: Parallel particles processing for MODPATH using the OpenMP library
Is the definition of late diagnosis correct?
Authors: Puła Joanna , Kowalska Justyna , Paciorek Marcin , Bednarska Agnieszka , Skrzat‐Klapaczyńska Agata , Horban Andrzej 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe study analysed 1711 patients of the Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw diagnosed with HIV infection in 2008–2010 and 2016–2018. Research was conducted examining the changes in CD4 cell counts before starting antiretroviral (ARV) treatment in order to find people who were misclassified as late‐diagnosed.MethodsPatients with late diagnosis were distinguished on the basis of the consensus definition. The Mann–Whitney U‐test was used to analyse the change in CD4 cell counts before starting ARV treatment.ResultsIn the years 2008–2010, the CD4 count was remeasured before starting ARV treatment in 90 late‐diagnosed patients. The median change in the CD4 count was 22 cells/μL. In 49 of these, the number of CD4 cells spontaneously increased before the start of treatment. We can suspect that these patients were misclassified as late‐diagnosed.ConclusionsThe consensus definition of late diagnosis often leads to overestimation of the number of late‐diagnosed patients. The crucial problem is a transient decline in the CD4 lymphocyte count in the acute phase of HIV infection. A potential solution is to introduce serum HIV viral load measurement into the definition.
Comparison of emulsifying properties and emulsion stabilising properties of pea protein isolate with various modification methods
Authors: Xia Xuanze , Li Tingting , Li Qiang , Zhao Jiajia , Guan Yanming , Qian Haifeng , Li Yan , Zhou Sumei , Wang Li 
Published: December 2022

SummaryThe present study compared the effect of various modification methods on emulsifying properties and emulsion stabilising properties of the pea protein isolate (PPI) and investigated the possible mechanism of emulsion stability from the perspectives of interfacial and rheological properties. The PPI was modified by physical extrusion (EPPI), chemical phosphorylation (PPPI), and synergistic extrusion and phosphorylation (EPPPI); natural PPI was used as a control. The results revealed that the adsorption energy of modified PPI at the O/W interface was reduced, and the viscoelasticity of the interfacial film of modified PPI was increased, suggesting that modified PPI could have better adsorption at the O/W interface. The emulsions by modified PPI had higher electrostatic repulsion, smaller particle size, and more uniform particle size distribution. Moreover, the emulsions by modified PPI promoted the formation of the spatial network structure by increasing the viscosity and extending the linear viscoelastic zone. These results showed that EPPI, PPPI, and EPPPI could improve PPI's emulsifying and emulsion‐stabilising properties.
Self‐regulation linking the quality of early parent–child relationship to adolescents' obesity risk and food consumption
Authors: Kim Joo Hyun , Bost Kelly K. 
Published: December 2022

SummaryBackgroundThe quality of parent–child relationships has been examined as a contributor to children's healthy behaviours and weight outcomes, but the mechanisms accounting for associations remain understudied.ObjectiveThis study examined whether the quality of early parent–child relationship is associated with adolescent obesity risk and whether self‐regulation and (un)healthful food consumption mediate these associations.MethodsEmploying structural equation modelling, two theory‐driven models were examined using a large sample (N = 1237) drawn from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. Indicators of the quality of parent–child relationship included assessments of child attachment security and observational assessments of maternal sensitivity (15, 24, and 36 months). Self‐regulation at 54 months was assessed using behavioural and computerized tasks and, at ages 11–12 and 15 years, using parental ratings of self‐control. Food consumption was self‐reported at age 11–12. Height and weight measures in early/middle childhood and adolescence were used to compute BMI z‐scores.ResultsNo direct associations between the quality of parent–child relationship and adolescent obesity risk were found in either model. Instead, child self‐regulation was found to mediate the associations between the quality of parent–child relationship and both unhealthy food consumption and higher adolescent BMI status.ConclusionThe findings highlight how the nature of parent–child relationships impacts developing regulatory processes in children which, in turn, have implications for obesity‐related behaviours and outcomes. Interventions to reduce childhood obesity should consider self‐regulation skills across multiple domains, and early parenting practices that foster these capacities.
Learning that cannot come from a book: An evaluation of an undergraduate alcohol and other drugs subject co‐produced with experts by experience
Authors: Goodhew Mark , River Jo , Samuel Yvonne , Gough Chris , Street Kevin , Gilford Candice , Cutler Natalie , Orr Fiona 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTAlcohol and other drugs (AOD) use is a significant public health issue and is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. Despite this, people who use drugs are often reluctant to seek care due to the lack of trauma‐informed treatment and harm reduction treatment options, as well as experiences of stigma and discrimination in health services. Arguably, AOD education that is co‐produced with people who use alcohol and drugs can enhance future health professionals' ability to practice in ways that support the needs of this population. This paper reports on a qualitative co‐evaluation of a co‐produced undergraduate nursing AOD subject. The AOD subject was co‐planned, co‐designed, co‐delivered, and co‐evaluated with experts by experience, who have a lived experience of substance dependence and work as advocates and peer workers. Following the delivery of the subject in 2021 and 2022, focus groups were undertaken with 12 nursing students. Focus group data indicate that the co‐produced subject supported participants to understand and appreciate how stigma impacts on nursing care and how to recognize and undertake ‘good’ nursing care that was oriented to the needs of service users. Student participants noted that being co‐taught by people who use drugs was particularly powerful for shifting their nursing perspectives on AOD use and nursing care and took learning beyond what could be understood from a book. Findings indicate that co‐produced AOD education can shift nursing students' perceptions of AOD use by providing access to tacit knowledge and embodied equitable and collaborative relationships with people who use drugs.
Non‐thermal plasma as an efficient pretreatment to lignocellulosic raw materials
Authors: Pereira Gabriela N. , Cesca Karina , Pereira Maria Angélica F. , Monteiro Rudke Carla Roana , Borges Otilia Monica Alves , Cubas Anelise Leal Vieira , Zanella Eduardo , Stambuk Boris U. , Poletto Patrícia , de Oliveira Débora 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNon‐thermal plasma is an ecologically correct technique that is increasingly being explored. In this work, plasma was applied as a delignification technique for different lignocellulosic residues (brewery, banana peel, and mango seed peel). The influence of non‐thermal plasma on the physical and chemical characteristics of the residues was also explored by the techniques scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), x‐ray diffraction (XRD), and RAMAN spectroscopy. Delignification of approximately 48% was observed in 5 min of the process for the brewery by‐product, 35% the mango seed shell, and 24% the banana peel. Small changes in morphology (SEM), degradation temperature (DSC), compositional analysis (FTIR, XRD, and RAMAN) after pretreatment with non‐thermal plasma were observed. Thus, we bring unprecedented results using non‐thermal plasma as an alternative pretreatment for different lignocellulosic residues, indicating an attractive technique for subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis and thus obtaining added‐value products, such as bioethanol and xylooligosaccharides.
The amino acid residue E96 of Ghd8 is crucial for the formation of the flowering repression complex Ghd7‐Ghd8‐OsHAP5C in rice
Authors: Li Shuangle , Hu Yong , An Chen , Wen Qingli , Fan Xiaowei , Zhang Zhanyi , Sherif Ahmed , Liu Haiyang , Xing Yongzhong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGhd7 is an important gene involved in the photoperiod flowering pathway in rice. A Ghd7‐involved transcriptional regulatory network has been established, but its translational regulatory pathway is poorly understood. The mutant suppressor of overexpression of Ghd7 (sog7) was identified from EMS‐induced mutagenesis on the background of ZH11 overexpressing Ghd7. MutMap analysis revealed that SOG7 is allelic to Ghd8 and delayed flowering under long‐day (LD) conditions. Biochemical assays showed that Ghd8 interacts with OsHAP5C and Ghd7 both in vivo and in vitro. Surprisingly, a point mutation E96K in the α2 helix of the Ghd8 histone fold domain (HFD) destroyed its ability to interact with Ghd7. The prediction of the structure shows that mutated amino acid is located in the interaction region of CCT/NF‐YB/YC complexes, which alter the structure of α4 of Ghd8. This structural difference prevents the formation of complex NF‐YB/YC. The triple complex of Ghd8‐OsHAP5C‐Ghd7 directly bound to the promotor of Hd3a and downregulated the expression of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1, and finally resulted in a delayed heading. These findings are helpful in deeply understanding the Ghd7‐involved photoperiod flowering pathway and promote the elucidation of rice heading.
Having less: A personal project taxonomy of consumers' decluttering orientations, motives and emotions
Authors: Roster Catherine A. , Ferrari Joseph R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study examines consumers' orientations toward decluttering and what differentiates consumers' engagement with decluttering as a routine social practice. An internet survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 172 adult consumers who recently engaged in home decluttering projects. Cluster analysis used appraisals of personal project dimensions to create a taxonomy in which we identified three orientations toward decluttering: disengaged, enthusiastic, and challenged. Subsequent analyses compared appraisals of success and affective and motivational differences across the three orientations. Findings reveal that decluttering is enjoyable, easy, and most successful for consumers with an enthusiastic orientation who intrinsically value decluttering and link it to self‐identify. Those who lack time or adequate control experience more stress and less success. Circumstances, and especially normative pressures, seemed to drive these orientations. All orientations experienced relatively high positive emotions after decluttering, which substantiates the positive influence of decluttering on emotional well‐being.
Parents' perceptions of the sensitivity of their children's personal information and willingness to share with social media marketers: Implications for sharenting
Authors: Hoy Mariea Grubbs , Fox Alexa K. , Deitz George D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMany stakeholders such as parents, companies, and policymakers play a role in children's online privacy. This study explores how parents who have at least one child age 10 and younger perceive the sensitivity of their children's personal information and willingness to share it with social media marketers. Survey results of 418 parents indicate that a variety of types of children's information is perceived as sensitive, with certain information (e.g., videos, photos) that parents readily share via social media as highly sensitive. Findings also suggest that fathers and single parents are more likely to perceive their children's information as sensitive and yet are more willing to share it. This research contributes to the consumer welfare literature on children's privacy by providing a baseline of parents' attitudes regarding their children's data, extending prior research that has examined adults' perceptions of the sensitivity of their own information and willingness to share with social media marketers.
No, I Do Belong: How Asian American and Asian Canadian Professionals Defy and Counter Workplace Racial Violence during COVID‐19
Authors: Kim Jennifer Y. , Shang Zhida 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe explore the different types of racial violence encountered by Asian American and Asian Canadians (whom we refer to as Asians) in the workplace during COVID‐19 and how they respond. Using a grounded theory approach, we found that during the COVID‐19 pandemic, Asians experienced different types of workplace racial violence, most of which manifested as microaggressions, including a revival of the yellow peril trope, physical manifestations of bordering behaviour, and identity denial. In some cases, manifestations of physical violence also emerged. The data revealed that Asians demonstrated various types of agentic responses to challenge and counter unwanted and incorrect identities conveyed by the racial microaggressions. We enhance theory by shedding light on the experiences of Asians whose voice has largely been ignored in the organizational literature. Our study draws together and contributes to the theory on racial violence and racialized identity by highlighting the different types of racial violence faced by Asians and exploring the challenges they encounter in the face of racial microaggressions. Finally, we discuss practical implications of our study results and offer insight into how organizations can help support their Asian employees.
Social anhedonia, communication, and marital satisfaction in newlywed couples
Authors: Tan Kenneth , Jarnecke Amber M. , South Susan C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveSocial anhedonia is associated with disinterest in social interactions and poor relationship functioning, yet little is known about the specific mechanisms underlying associations between social anhedonia and romantic relationship behaviors and satisfaction. We examined the links between social anhedonia, perceptions of conflict communication patterns, and marital satisfaction.MethodThe current research examined the role of social anhedonia on marital quality and functioning longitudinally across a year in a sample of 100 newlywed couples using an actor‐partner interdependence framework.ResultsSocial anhedonia was negatively associated with own and partner's marital satisfaction. It was also negatively associated with constructive communication and positively associated with destructive communication. Furthermore, cross‐sectional mediation analyses showed that communication patterns mediated the social anhedonia‐satisfaction link.ConclusionsTaken together, these findings suggest that social anhedonia is likely to lead to lower marital satisfaction, partly through its effect on communication between partners.
Early post‐liver transplant use of direct‐acting antivirals in naive and NS5A inhibitor‐experienced HCV patients
Authors: Saracco Margherita , Tandoi Francesco , Maletta Francesca , Balagna Roberto , Romagnoli Renato , Martini Silvia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDirect‐acting antiviral drugs (DAA) are safe and effective in the HCV population. However, in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and/or active hepatocellular carcinoma or relapse to NS5A inhibitors, response rates are lower and DAA therapy must be postponed until after liver transplant in an era of organ shortage and suboptimal donors. We aimed to assess the prevalence of patients still HCV infected at time of transplantation over the last 3 years in our Center and describe the safety and efficacy of DAA therapy started as soon as possible after surgery. We enrolled all HCV viraemic patients transplanted in our Centre from January 2019 to March 2022. The follow‐up was closed in July 2022. Among 490 liver transplants, 49 (10%) patients were still HCV viraemic at operation, 43 naive to DAA and 6 were NS5A‐experienced. Median donor age was 64 years; donor risk index was 1.8. In naive patients, sofosbuvir/velpatasvir was started after a median time of 1 day from surgery, while in NS5A‐experienced sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir after 14.5 days (p = .001). Response rate was 98%. 1 NS5A‐experienced patient experienced acute cholestatic hepatitis which promptly reverted after permanent DAA discontinuation. Hence, very early post‐liver transplant HCV eradication was safe and effective thanks to a close teamwork which involved anaesthesiologists, transplant surgeons and hepatologists.