bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sm-Eu Co-Doped BiFeO3 Nanoparticles With Superabsorption and Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Gu Yanhong , Huang Niu , Guo Chaoyang , Liang Yuanxi , Zhang Weiying , Zhao Jianguo , Zhang Xianghui , Jia Hong , Chen Wanping 
Published: March 2022

Bi0.95Sm0.05Fe1−xEuxO3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15) nanoparticles were prepared via a two-solvent sol–gel method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman results suggested that the main phase of the samples gradually evolved from perovskite phase R3c to orthorhombic phase Pbnm with increasing Eu content and that the optical band gap gradually narrowed from 2.09 to 1.70 eV. Along with the structural change, the ferromagnetic properties were transformed, and interesting double hysteresis loops were observed for the sample where x = 0.1. All the bismuth ferrite (BFO) samples demonstrated extremely strong adsorbability, with the adsorption rate of refractory methyl orange reaching 90% in 5 min. These samples also exhibited superior oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance, with a desirable onset potential of approximately 1.50 V vs. RHE. For the sample where x = 0.15, to support a current density of 100 mA/cm2, an overpotential of only 294 mV was required, which is much better than that of pure Ni foam (330 mV). More experiments are needed to verify and explore the source and mechanism of the OER performance.
Swedish Managers’ and HR-Officers’ Experiences and Perceptions of Participating in Alcohol Prevention Skills Training: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Martinez Martina Wilson , Berglund Kristina , Hensing Gunnel , Sundqvist Kristina 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to explore Swedish managers’ and HR-officers’ experiences and perceptions of skills training including a development and implementation of an alcohol policy.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with Swedish managers (n = 44) and HR-officers (n = 9) from nine different organizations whom had received skills training and an organizational policy implementation. The interviews were analyzed using thematic analyses.ResultsIn total, nine themes were identified as: The prevalence of alcohol problems: a wake-up call; a reminder to intervene immediately; an altered view of the responsibility of the employer; initiating conversations about alcohol: a useful toolbox; an imprecise, yet positive, memory; increased awareness of issues related to alcohol culture; I have not heard a word about a new alcohol policy; the alcohol policy: a mere piece of paper; and alcohol problem prevention: hardly a low-hanging fruit. Participants’ experiences of the skills training were positive overall.ConclusionVarious aspects of the skills training were appreciated by managers and HR-officers, including insight of prevalence statistics and employer responsibilities. Participants emphasized the value of repeated skills training occasions for retaining knowledge. Future research may investigate further in what way skills training may affect managers’ willingness to engage in workplace alcohol prevention. Since the implementation of any policy had gone unnoticed to participants, a reason for which could be related to the notion of the existing policy as “good enough” in its current condition, implementation and organizational issues, or a reluctance to address alcohol-related matters unless necessary; future research may focus on investigating in what manner alcohol policies are in fact utilized within organizations.
Examining the Link Between Physical Activity and Cognitive Function: A Parallel Mediation Model of Health and Wellbeing Among Adolescents
Authors: Luan Xi , Liu Ji , Luo Xin 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundAdolescents’ engagement in daily physical activity brings multiple benefits, including reduction in obesity, improvement of mental health, and enhancement of cognitive function (CF). While prior studies have examined the link between physical activity and cognitive function, little is known regarding the extent to which this relationship is shaped by health and wellbeing factors. This study examines how subjective wellbeing (SWB) and general health (GH) mediate the relationship between adolescents’ physical activity and cognitive function.MethodsThis study estimates a parallel structural equation model using the Program for International Student Assessment 2018 dataset. Specifically, a total of 63,228 15-year-old subjects in nine countries/economies satisfied the study inclusion criteria, including in Bulgaria, Georgia, Hong Kong, Ireland, Mexico, Panama, Serbia, Spain, and United Arab Emirates. Frequency of moderate physical activity (MPA, ≥3.0 Metabolic Equivalent Task) was reported weekly; SWB and GH were assessed using an internationally validated multi-item standardized questionnaire. SWB was measured by students’ self-evaluated satisfaction with their health, life, and schooling. GH was measured by students’ physical health and mental health status. Cognitive function (CF) was modeled as a latent function consisting of plausible values derived using item response theory on reading, mathematics, and science achievement tests.ResultsFindings indicated that increase in weekly MPA was positively associated with higher levels of SWB (p &lt; .001), GH (p &lt; .001), and CF (p &lt; .001) among the study subjects. Parallel mediation analyses revealed that more frequent weekly MPA had relatively large direct effects (p &lt; .001) on CF, and indirect effects channeling through improvements in SWB and GH were non-trivial (p &lt; .001). Heterogeneity results showed that boosts to CF, associated with MPA, were larger for mathematics and science than for reading (p &lt; .001).ConclusionThis study used a large-scale international dataset to show that the positive relationship observed between MPA and CF among adolescents was robust, and that SWB and GH were two critical mediators through which physical activity positively bolster CF.
Developing an Intervention and Evaluation Model of Outdoor Therapy for Employee Burnout: Unraveling the Interplay Between Context, Processes, and Outcomes
Authors: Pijpker Roald , Veen Esther J. , Vaandrager Lenneke , Koelen Maria , Bauer Georg F. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundBurnout is a major societal issue adversely affecting employees’ health and performance, which over time results in high sick leave costs for organizations. Traditional rehabilitation therapies show suboptimal effects on reducing burnout and the return-to-work process. Based on the health-promoting effects of nature, taking clients outdoors into nature is increasingly being used as a complementary approach to traditional therapies, and evidence of their effectiveness is growing. Theories explaining how the combination of general psychological support and outdoor-specific elements can trigger the rehabilitation process in outdoor therapy are often lacking, however, impeding its systematic research.AimThe study aims to develop an intervention and evaluation model for outdoor therapy to understand and empirically evaluate whether and how such an outdoor intervention may work for rehabilitation after burnout.Methodological ApproachWe build on the exemplary case of an outdoor intervention for rehabilitation after burnout, developed by outdoor clinical psychologists in Netherlands. We combined the generic context, process, and outcome evaluation model and the burnout recovery model as an overarching deductive frame. We then inductively specified the intervention and evaluation model of outdoor therapy, building on the following qualitative data: semi-structured interviews with outdoor clinical psychologists and former clients; a content analysis of the intervention protocol; and reflective meetings with the intervention developers and health promotion experts.ResultsWe identified six key outdoor intervention elements: (1) physical activity; (2) reconnecting body and mind; (3) nature metaphors; (4) creating relationships; (5) observing natural interactions; and (6) experiential learning. The results further showed that the implementation of these elements may facilitate the rehabilitation process after burnout in which proximal, intermediate, and distal outcomes emerge. Finally, the results suggested that this implementation process depends on the context of the therapist (e.g., number of clients per day), therapy (e.g., privacy issues), and of the clients (e.g., affinity to nature).ConclusionThe intervention and evaluation model for outdoor therapy shows how key outdoor intervention elements may contribute to the rehabilitation process after burnout. However, our model needs to be further tested among a larger group of clients to empirically evaluate whether and how outdoor therapy can support rehabilitation.
Practical COVID-19 Prevention Training for Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents Based on the Conceive–Design–Implement–Operate Framework
Authors: Wang Xiaoxue , Zhou Yangzi , Song Zixuan , Wang Yuting , Chen Xueting , Zhang Dandan 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThe spread of COVID-19 poses a challenge for obstetrics and gynecology (O&amp;G) residents. In order to improve the theoretical knowledge and practical skills of residents in epidemic prevention and control, reduce work pressure and improve professional skills, effective and sound training models are required to improve the protection of O&amp;G residents from COVID-19.MethodA total of 38 standardized training O&amp;G residents working in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University in March 2020 was selected. They were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The control group underwent a protection theory exposition according to the traditional training method, while the intervention group adopted a conceive–design–implement–operate (CDIO) mode, arranged training courses in combination with the O&amp;G specialty, and completed four modules of CDIO. After the training, the theoretical knowledge and practical operation were assessed, and the work stress and occupational identity scales were assessed. The assessment results and scores of the two groups of residents were analyzed.ResultsCompared with the scores of the residents in the control group, the theoretical and technical scores of the residents in the intervention group significantly improved (P &lt; 0.05). In the evaluation of organizational management, workload, interpersonal relationship, and doctor–patient relationship pressure, the scores of the intervention group were lower than those of the control group, with a statistical difference (P &lt; 0.05). For the intervention group, the job stress and professional identity evaluation scores were significantly higher than those of the control group (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe CDIO model can effectively enhance the theoretical knowledge and practical skills of O&amp;G residents in COVID-19 epidemic prevention protocols to reduce work pressure and improve professional identity. In addition, it provides new ideas, methods, and approaches for future clinical practice training.
Association of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions to Reduce the Spread of SARS-CoV-2 With Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms: A Multi-National Study of 43 Countries
Authors: Riehm Kira E. , Badillo Goicoechea Elena , Wang Frances M. , Kim Esther , Aldridge Luke R. , Lupton-Smith Carly P. , Presskreischer Rachel , Chang Ting-Hsuan , LaRocca Sarah , Kreuter Frauke , Stuart Elizabeth A. 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: To examine the association of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) with anxiety and depressive symptoms among adults and determine if these associations varied by gender and age.Methods: We combined survey data from 16,177,184 adults from 43 countries who participated in the daily COVID-19 Trends and Impact Survey via Facebook with time-varying NPI data from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker between 24 April 2020 and 20 December 2020. Using logistic regression models, we examined the association of [1] overall NPI stringency and [2] seven individual NPIs (school closures, workplace closures, cancellation of public events, restrictions on the size of gatherings, stay-at-home requirements, restrictions on internal movement, and international travel controls) with anxiety and depressive symptoms.Results: More stringent implementation of NPIs was associated with a higher odds of anxiety and depressive symptoms, albeit with very small effect sizes. Individual NPIs had heterogeneous associations with anxiety and depressive symptoms by gender and age.Conclusion: Governments worldwide should be prepared to address the possible mental health consequences of stringent NPI implementation with both universal and targeted interventions for vulnerable groups.
Integration of mRNA and miRNA Profiling Reveals Heterosis in Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus Hybrid Tilapia
Authors: Xiao Wei , Chen Binglin , Wang Jun , Zou Zhiying , Wang Chenghui , Li Dayu , Zhu Jinglin , Yu Jie , Yang Hong 
Published: March 2022

Heterosis is a widespread biological phenomenon in fishes, in which hybrids have superior traits to parents. However, the underlying molecular basis for heterosis remains uncertain. Heterosis in growth and survival rates is apparent in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus ♀ × O. aureus ♂). Comparisons of growth and hematological biochemical characteristics and mRNA and miRNA transcriptional analyses were performed in hybrid and parents tilapia stocks to investigate the underlying molecular basis for heterosis. Growth characteristics and hematological glucose and cholesterol parameters were significantly improved in hybrids. Of 3097 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 120 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) identified among three stocks (O. niloticus, O. aureus, and hybrids), 1598 DEGs and 62 DEMs were non-additively expressed in hybrids. Both expression level dominance and overdominance patterns occurred for DEGs and DEMs, indicating that dominance and overdominance models are widespread in the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of genes involved in growth, metabolism, immunity, and antioxidant capacity in hybrid tilapia. Moreover, potential negative regulation networks between DEMs and predicted target DEGs revealed that most DEGs from miRNA-mRNA pairs are up-regulated. Dominance and overdominance models in levels of transcriptome and miRNAome facilitate the integration of advantageous parental alleles into hybrids, contributing to heterosis of growth and improved survival. The present study provides new insights into molecular heterosis in hybrid tilapia, advancing our understanding of the complex mechanisms involved in this phenomenon in aquatic animals.
Development of a Duplex TaqMan Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction for Accurate Identification and Quantification of Salmonella Enteritidis from Laboratory Samples and Contaminated Chicken Eggs
Authors: Xiong Dan , Zhou Yi , Song Li , Liu Bowen , Matchawe Chelea , Chen Xiang , Pelle Roger , Jiao Xinan , Pan Zhiming 
Published: March 2022

Salmonella enteritidis is a major causative agent of foodborne illnesses worldwide. As the traditional serotyping and quantification methods are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and expensive, faster and more convenient molecular diagnostic methods are needed. In this study, we developed and validated a rapid duplex TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the accurate identification and quantification of S. enteritidis. The primers and TaqMan probes were designed based on the S. enteritidis-specific gene lygD and the Salmonella genus-specific gene invA. The melt curve and gel electrophoresis analysis showed that the designed primers had potent specificity for the amplification of lygD and invA. The duplex real-time PCR specifically identified S. enteritidis from a panel of 40 Salmonella strains that represented 29 serovars and 12 non-Salmonella organisms. The duplex real-time PCR assay detected four copies of S. enteritidis DNA per reaction. The intra- and inter- assays indicated a high degree of reproducibility. The real-time PCR could accurately detect and quantify S. enteritidis in chicken organs after Salmonella infection. Furthermore, the assay identified 100% of the S. enteritidis and Salmonella genus isolates from chicken egg samples with superior sensitivity after 6 h of pre-enrichment compared to the traditional culture method. Additionally, the most-probable-number (MPN) combined with qPCR and a shortened incubation time (MPN-qPCR-SIT) method was developed for the population determination of S. enteritidis and compared with various enumeration methods. Thus, we have established and validated a new duplex real-time PCR assay and MPN-qPCR-SIT method for the accurate detection and quantification of S. enteritidis, which could contribute to meeting the need for fast detection and identification in prevention and control measures for food safety.
Conditions d'une approche en termes de régulation sectorielle. Le cas de la sphère viticole
Authors: Bartoli Pierre , Boulet Daniel 
Published: March 2022

Conditions of an approach in terms of sectorial régulation. The case of the wine sector.

This paper propounds first a reflexion about conditions in which a "régulation" approach can be brought into opération at a sectorial level.
Such a transposition can prove to be rich to read the long-run dynamics of a projuctjve sector. However, it calls for preliminary adjustments of concepts, because sectorial analysis is not oniy a refraction of macro-economic analysis.
Secondly, the authors présent the main éléments of a research they have led, in this theoretical frame, on the French wine growing sector.
Causality analysis in agricultural economics : a review of theoretical and empirical issues
Authors: Sarker Rakhal 
Published: March 2022

L'analyse de causalité en économie agricole : revue des questions théoriques et empiriques.
Les travaux de recherche menés en économie agricole comprennent souvent une analyse de causalité. Comme la théorie économique donne peu d'indications précises sur ce type de question, Granger a proposé en 1969 une approche statistique permettant de tester des hypothèses de causalité. Elle a été largement utilisée par les économistes agricoles et cet article présente un survol des analyses qu'ils ont réalisées dans ce domaine depuis les années 70.
Une première partie est consacrée à une brève discussion des relations entre la causalité au sens de Granger et divers concepts d'exogénéité. Vient ensuite une description des méthodes permettant de tester des hypothèses de causalité dans les modèles traditionnels VAR bivariés non contraints et dans des systèmes cointégrés. Elle est complétée par la présentation critique d'un certain nombre d'applications de ces méthodes en économie agricole. Malgré l'usage très répandu qui en est fait dans ce domaine, les tests de Granger, de Sims (ordinaire et modifié) et de Haugh-Pierce donnent des résultats contradictoires. Leurs résultats sont très sensibles au préfiltrage, à l'existence de variables manquantes et au choix de la longueur des retards. De plus, il est difficile d'en donner une interprétation correcte en termes de causalité. Alors que l'utilisation de modèles VAR non contraints permet de résoudre le problème des variables manquantes, les résultats des modèles VAR en niveau peuvent prêter à discussion, à cause des contraintes d'identification imposées pour l'estimation.
La non-stationarité et l'existence de racines unitaires dans les séries de données peuvent aussi être à l'origine de difficultés. Si le modèle VAR comprend des variables incluant une tendance stochastique et s'il y a une possibilité de cointégration, le test de Wald utilisé pour tester la causalité au sens de Granger dans les modèles VAR en niveau peut ne pas avoir une distribution de probabilité limite, ce qui invalide le test. Si le système comprend des variables non-stationnaires dont certaines peuvent être liées par des relations de long terme, la méthode de cointégration permet alors d'analyser la causalité de Granger d'une façon appropriée. Quelle que soit la méthode employée, la plupart des recherches faites sur la causalité en économie agricole a porté sur l'analyse des prix des produits. Un nombre croissant de travaux s'intéresse aussi aux effets macroéconomiques sur l'agriculture. Enfin, l'analyse de la causalité menée à l'aide des systèmes cointégrés a permis le réexamen d'un certain nombre de paradigmes bien établis de l'économie agricole. Compte tenu des avantages et des inconvénients des diverses méthodes, l'auteur propose d'utiliser une approche séquentielle basée sur la méthode du maximum de vraisemblance de Johansen pour tester la causalité au sens de Granger dans le cas des systèmes cointégrés comprenant des variables à tendance stochastique.
Une fratrie ou deux fratries ? La migration des frères et la migration des sœurs en France au XIXe siècle
Authors: Rosental Paul-André 
Published: March 2022

Brothers and sisters apart ? The effect of sibling composition on XIXth century France migration.
The nature of French 19th century official sources makes it particularly difficult to trace migratory trajectories. This paper uses a sample of descending geneologies from 1800 to 1914 to reexamine the dassical question concerning the relation between birth rank and géographie mobility. A first set of results confirms the findings of work in historical anthropology. Individuals coming from regions subject to inhert tance laws based on a principle of free choice had markedly different trajectories than those setting out from areas subject to a regime of equidistribution. In the first so-called «liberal» areas, the eldest child and the younger children follow very different paths. First-borns were often more sedentary, and the later born were much more prone to undertake long distance migrations. Under the egalitarian System of partition, birth order was not associated with different migratory patterns. It is likely that «libéral» régions managed to maintain a System of transmission which favored the first-born despite the introduction in 1804 of a law forbidding such practices. While the practice eventually subsided, it nevertheless persisted into the late 19th century. The study of geographic mobility thus confirms the daims that, despite the introduction of the Code Civil, the ancient law, inherited from the Ancien Régime, continued to exercise significant anthropological effects throughout the century.
The study of genealogical data also allows for an exploration of the interaction of this phenomenon with other less studied mechanisms. The distribution of sexes amongst siblings played a particularly important role in determining migratory patterns. On the one hand the degree of mobility varied considerably depending on whether an individual belonged to an ail maie set of siblings, an entirely female set, or a mixed sibling family. This effect was particularly marked for women : the propensity to migrate was much lowerfor women in a family of only female children than for those who had at least one brother, while the effect of sex composition on male movement was much less marked. On the other hand, whereas the eldest male child exhibited the same patterns as the eldest in general, the same was not the case for female children : the eldest female child was much more likely to migrate than her younger sisters.
These results raise a number of more general points concerning migration as a phenomenon. They suggest that an explanation of migration patterns can not be confined to the study of either macro-level regularities or of individual level attributes. lnstead the researcher must take into account an intermediary level, that of inter-individual configurations which constitute the migrant's référence group at the moment of her or his departure.