bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guillain–Barré syndrome with unilateral peripheral facial paralysis in a Chinese child
Authors: Xue Jiao , Song Zhenfeng , Li Fei , Yi Zhi , Yang Chengqing , Liu Kaixuan , Zhang Ying 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundGuillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune‐mediated polyradiculoneuropathy with the classic presentation of acute onset neurological symptoms preceded by an infective illness, followed by progressive limb weakness. Unilateral facial paralysis is rarely seen in GBS.Case presentationWe reported a child presented with unilateral facial paralysis, limited outward movement of one eye and unilateral lower limb weakness, who was later diagnosed to have GBS. Through reviewing the patients with similar presentation reported previously, we found that the onset time of unilateral facial weakness in relation to other presentations of GBS seemed to be variable, which could be later or earlier than other symptoms, or concomitant. Most of the patients had a relatively good outcome within 2 weeks to 12 months of follow‐up.ConclusionsUnilateral facial paralysis may be a feature of GBS, albeit a rare thing. Recognising the clinical patterns of such atypical variants of GBS allows for more timely and accurate diagnosis, and for treatment to be initiated without delay.
Reproducibility and Optimal Arterial Input Function Selection in Dynamic Contrast‐Enhanced Perfusion MRI in the Healthy Brain
Authors: Cramer Stig P. , Larsson Henrik B. W. , Knudsen Maria H. , Simonsen Helle J. , Vestergaard Mark B. , Lindberg Ulrich 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundDynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI) has seen increasing use for quantification of low level of blood–brain barrier (BBB) leakage in various pathological disease states and correlations with clinical outcomes. However, currently there exists limited studies on reproducibility in healthy controls, which is important for the establishment of a normality threshold for future research.PurposeTo investigate the reproducibility of DCE‐MRI and to evaluate the effect of arterial input function (AIF) selection and manual region of interests (ROI) delineation vs. automated global segmentation.Study TypeProspective.PopulationA total of 16 healthy controls; 11 females; mean age 28.7 years (SD 10.1).Field Strength/SequenceA 3T; GE DCE; 3D TFE T1WI. 2D TSE T2.AssessmentThe influx constant Ki, a measure of BBB permeability, and Vp, the blood plasma volume, was calculated using the Patlak model. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was calculated using Tikhonov model free deconvolution. Manual tissue ROIs, drawn by H.J.S. (30+ years of experience), were compared to automatic tissue segmentation.Statistical TestsIntraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and repeatability coefficient (RC) was used to assess reproducibility. Bland–Altman plots were used to evaluate agreement between measurements day 1 vs. day 2, and manual vs. segmentation method.ResultsKi showed excellent reproducibility in both white and gray matter with an ICC between 0.79 and 0.82 and excellent agreement between manual ROI and automatic segmentation, with an ICC of 0.89 for Ki in WM. Furthermore, Ki values in gray and white matter conforms with histological tissue characteristics, where gray matter generally has a 2‐fold higher vessel density. The highest reproducibility measures of Ki (ICC = 0.83), CBF (ICC = 0.77) and Vd (ICC = 0.83) was obtained with the AIF sampled in the internal carotid artery (ICA).Data ConclusionDCE‐MRI shows excellent reproducibility of pharmacokinetic variables derived from healthy controls.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 2
The impact of governmental COVID‐19 measures on manufacturers' stock market valuations: The role of labor intensity and operational slack
Authors: Chen Lujie , Li Taiyu , Jia Fu , Schoenherr Tobias 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of the Chinese government's Level I emergency response policy on manufacturers' stock market values. We empirically examine the roles of human resource dependence (labor intensity) and operational slack within the context of supply chain resilience. Through an event study of 1357 Chinese manufacturing companies, we find that the government's emergency response policy triggered statistically significant positive abnormal returns for manufacturers. However, we also find that there exists a negative impact on abnormal returns for manufacturers that are labor‐intensive, giving rise to arguments based in resource dependence theory. In addition, the results indicate the positive role played by operational slack (e.g., financial and inventory slack) in helping manufacturers maintain operations and business continuity, effectively mitigating risks and adding to the manufacturers' resilience. With these findings, we contribute to operations and supply chain management by calling attention to the importance of human resource redundancy while at the same time identifying financial slack and inventory as supply chain resilience strategies that were able to mitigate pandemic‐related risks.
Extraction and Purification of Phycocyanin from Arthrophira platensis Microalgae Using a Green Solid‐Liquid Extraction Technology (RSLDE)
Authors: Naviglio Daniele , Montesano Domenico , Ciaravolo Martina , Savastano Alessandro , Nebbioso Viviana , Piccirillo Anna Maria , Gallo Monica 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSpirulina is a blue alga belonging to the class of Cyanobacteria. This alga is characterized by a high content of phycocyanin (PC), a blue photosynthetic pigment belonging to the phycobiliprotein family. As natural dye, PC has a lot of industrial applications, in several fields such as the cosmetic, food, and textile sectors. It is also used in the biomedical field as a fluorescent marker. Anti‐inflammatory, nephroprotective, and hepatoprotective properties are also reported, probably related to its antioxidant activity. However, the extraction of phycobiliproteins from cyanobacteria is a very complicated procedure due to the extreme resistance of the wall of the cellular aggregates that make up spirulina. In literature, several procedures have been used to cause rupture of cell envelopes, through cycles of freezing/thawing, sonication, and rupture of the cell wall with lysozyme. However, all these methods do not guarantee a high quality of the extract, due to the complexity of the mixture obtained. In order to improve the yield of PC and to reduce the extraction process time, in this work, the conventional extraction by sonication is compared with a green innovative extraction technique, the rapid solid liquid dynamic extraction (RSLDE). This technique can generate a pressure and a consequent depression on the matrix to be extracted. The final extract was immediately frozen at −20°C and then lyophilized. UV–Vis spectrophotometric analysis and acrylamide gel electrophoresis are performed to evaluate the extraction efficiency and purity of PC.
High‐Resolution Ultrasonic Visualization of the Micromechanical Behavior of Reinforced Composites with Fine Fiber Microstructure
Authors: Morokov Egor , Levin Vadim 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the work, the first results of in situ ultrasound observation of microstructure changes in the volume of carbon fiber reinforced composites under tension are presented. The results depict the mechanical behavior of the laminate with stacking sequences of [−45°/0°/+45°/90°/+45°/0°/−45°]. Ultrasound visualization of volume microstructure is carried out with a controlled stepwise increase in deformation of the loaded specimens. Data of ultrasound investigation are compared with optical microphotograph and strain–stress curves of controlled and tested specimens. This approach makes it possible to visualize in dynamics the processes of appearance, growth, and transformation of microstructural damages in the volume with a resolution of tenth microns.
Influence of the Addition of Waste Glass and Microbiological Performance of Metakaolin‐Based Geopolymers Cement
Authors: Catauro Michelina , D'Angelo Antonio , Piccolella Simona , Leonelli Cristina , Dal Poggetto Giovanni 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGlass recycling reduces the amount of waste to be treated or disposed in landfills, allowing both to limit environmental damage and to save on the costs of transportation and disposal of waste. In this paper, an advantageous method for recycling glass containers (bottles, jars, jars for food, glasses, and cans for drinks, etc.) is presented. The glass is crushed and without being washed or separated from any foreign bodies it is safely incorporated into a metakaolin (MK)‐based geopolymeric matrix. Pure MK and mixtures obtained by adding different percentages (30–50 wt%) of glass cullet are consolidated via alkali activation at 50°C. Infrared spectroscopy is able to reveal the formation of bonds in the mixtures between the geopolymeric matrix and the glass. Leaching tests are carried out to evaluate the eventual release of toxic metals, while the antibacterial tests complete the environmental evaluation of the final consolidated products that show how the mechanical performance are modified by adding different amount of glass cullet.
Exploiting Design Intent to Produce Fail‐Safe Extrusion‐Based Additive Manufacturing Parts
Authors: Bailas Konstantinos , Louka Eleftheria‐Sotiria , Papanikos Paraskevas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) technology is an innovated production process mostly in the field of customization parts that gained the interest of many academics and industries over the last 20 years. The extrusion‐based technique and a wide variety of constantly developed polymer materials that AM technology uses, integrates multiple functions and mechanical properties to parts, and provides a flexibility in fabrication of complicated shapes, making products attractive to a wide range of applications. The quality and durability of those parts are controlled by numerous of building features that need to be set before building through specialized software that accompanies AM machines. A very crucial building feature that determines the inner structure of parts is lattice structure which is proved to determine the strength‐to‐weight ratio, the minimization of the material, the building time, and the energy absorption of the produced parts. However, lattice structures can be applied only to the entire geometry of a part because the software that accompanies AM machines have limited capabilities regarding the inner geometry of products since they cannot define different shell thickness values to the inner surfaces as well as multiple geometry lattice pattern to specific areas of the part. The current study proposes a new methodology of controlling the internal geometry and fatigue limits of extrusion‐based parts, bypassing the low capabilities of AM software using the meaning of design intent to insert lattice structures on specific areas of a part to produce AM products applicable to the field of fail‐safe in industry.
Synthesis and UV Cross‐Linking of Methacrylated Linear and Star‐Shaped Lactide Oligomers as Potential Biodegradable Resins for Stereolithography
Authors: Sedush Nikita , Kalinin Kirill , Puchkov Alexander , Chvalun Sergei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractStereolithography and DLP printing attract a lot of attention in medical field as techniques for fabrication of personalized implants and various medical devices. However, there is a lack of photo‐curable resins for fabrication of biodegradable tissue engineering constructs and implants. In this work biodegradable UV‐curable d,l‐lactide oligomers are presented, which can be good candidates as resins for SLA and DLP 3D printing. Linear and star‐shaped (3‐ and 6‐arm) methacrylated d,l‐lactide oligomers with different molecular weight are synthesized and cross‐linked in various conditions. UV‐curing is performed at elevated temperatures in the absence of any diluents and revealed formation of gel fraction, which has achieved 99%. The cross‐linked materials demonstrate high tensile modulus (up to 1.8 GPa), suggesting the resins are perspective for fabrication of load‐bearing implants.
Influence of Mixed Sulfur and Peroxide Curing Systems on Cross‐Linking and Properties of Rubber Compounds Based on EPDM
Authors: Kruželák Ján , Kvasničáková Andrea , Hložeková Klaudia , Gregorová Jana , Džuganová Michaela 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this work, sulfur vulcanization system, peroxide vulcanization system, and combined sulfur and peroxide curing systems are applied for cross‐linking of rubber compounds based on ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber. The goal is to investigate the influence of curing system composition on cross‐linking and properties of rubber formulations. The combination of both vulcanization systems in cross‐linking of rubbers combines the pattern of carbon–carbon linkages and sulfidic bridges, which gives the real presumption to modify physical–mechanical properties of final vulcanizates. The results reveal that the combination of vulcanization systems affects the curing characteristics, cross‐link density as well as physical–mechanical properties of tested materials. In comparison with vulcanizates cured only with sulfur or peroxide system, rubber compounds cross‐linked with mixed sulfur and peroxide curing systems exhibite higher tensile strength and elongation at break.
Chitosan‐Based Porous Composites for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Sharikova N.A. , Antipova K.G. , Lukanina K.I. , Stolyarova D.Y. , Vdovichenko A.Y. , Malakhov S.N. , Krasheninnikov S.V. , Kulikova O. R. , Khramtsova E.A. , Chvalun S.N. , Grigoriev T.E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper highlights the idea of creating highly porous composite materials for osteogenesis purposes based on chitosan with various functional fillers: reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP). RGO filler is a carbon based electrical conductor with a high aspect ratio, therefore it is preferred for growth of osteoblasts populations with concomitant electrical stimulation. TCP is the main building block of bone tissue; hence composites filled with it can be used to accelerate the process of osteosynthesis. This paper considers the aspects of the functional agents influence on the morphological, electrically conductive, and mechanical characteristics of composites based on chitosan.
Determining the Influencing Factors on the Cooling of a 3D Printed Thermoforming Mould
Authors: Boca Marius‐Andrei , Sover Alexandru , Slătineanu Laurențiu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUsing a mould for thermoforming produced by fused filament fabrication implies several limitations, such as thermal damage due to the low thermal conductivity properties of the plastic material. For the cooling of the plastic mould, many different approaches and influencing factors can be considered. This paper identifies those factors, and based on statistical DOE, adequate experiments have been conducted to analyze the influence of process variables. The results reveal that by using the Voronoi pattern performs an optimum, uniform, and effective cooling. By using the PLA material, the lowest temperatures are obtained in the case of moulds with Conformal Cooling channels.
Sodium Alginate Biopolymer: An Efficient, Recyclable Green Catalyst for the Synthesis of Chalcone Derivatives under Mild Conditions
Authors: Bora Manisha A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOne‐pot chemical synthesis of highly pure chalcone under mild conditions using biocompatible Na‐alginate biopolymer is reported. Several chalcone derivatives are prepared by magnetic stirring the equimolar quantities of the appropriate methyl ketone and aryl aldehyde with sodium alginate in ethanol under neutral conditions at room temperature. It is observed that in the presence of recyclable sodium alginate biocatalyst, highly pure chalcone with excellent yields in a very short time are obtained. The chalcone derivatives obtained are well characterized by UVDRS and FTIR techniques. The easily separable Na‐alginate biocatalyst acts as a Bronsted acid and may be reused up to five cycles.
A Survey on the Integration between Additive Manufacturing and Maintenance
Authors: Abbate Raffaele , Manco Pasquale , Macchiaroli Roberto , Lambiase Alfredo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIndustry 4.0 (I4.0) is an emerging paradigm that is affecting several industrial fields. Many innovations have been introduced to optimize and improve the production efficiency by means of new technologies. Additive manufacturing (AM) is an enabling technology of I4.0 that is leading to innovations related to the production systems, but companies are looking to AM also for maintenance purposes. The aim of this study is to find the existing innovations that link AM and maintenance and to discuss on their benefits and feasibility. A systematic literature review (SLR) approach has been used to this purpose. The outcome of the SLR highlights that there are three main fields in which AM technologies can be very useful for maintenance purposes.
Blockchain and Its Application to Manage the Covid‐19 Pandemic: A Literature Review
Authors: Turino Maria Antonietta , Rinaldi Marta , Macchiaroli Roberto 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAt the end of 2019, a severe respiratory syndrome named COVID‐19 is started to be transmitted in the world and it has rapidly spread to a global pandemic. Every day, a series of data are collected for real‐time monitoring of the development of this pandemic. The data validation and the verification are becoming very important to manage the pandemic and give recommendations to the people. Nevertheless, sometimes, it is not possible to guarantee the truthfulness of such data and some information may be lost during collection. Due to its characteristics, the Blockchain technology can become an important support to face the COVID‐19 pandemic. In this regard, the aim of this research is to propose a literature review to understand how the blockchain technology has been used for health care and supply chain management to guarantee an efficient tracing, tracking, and monitoring solution, ensure a transparent and safe data transmission, and to delineate the emerging future research directions.
A Feasibility Study on Innovative Reinforced Modular Frames for Automotive Applications
Authors: Acanfora Valerio , Sellitto Andrea , Fittipaldi Francesco , Riccio Aniello 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVehicle frames can be considered the main stiffening component being, at the same time, functional hubs for all the other components assembly. Frames’ main goal is to absorb the static and dynamic loads acting on the vehicle, ensuring passengers’ safety. In this paper a feasibility study on an innovative modular frame concept is presented. An attempt has been made to design a modular frame by using customized additive manufacturable steel joints. Actually, standard frame structures are manufactured by welding separated tubes, making access to some internal areas of the vehicle very difficult where not impossible. Consequently, some maintenance operations become also challenging. The modular configuration solves these maintenance problems enabling, at the same time, to start thinking about multi‐purposes vehicle configurations, which can be switched by simply changing the modules connected to a central cell. Reinforced panels have been, also, integrated into the modular frame, which contribute to torsional stiffness with an overall mass reduction. The concept of a modular frame with collaborating reinforced panels, has been preliminary demonstrated by means of numerical simulations within the ABAQUS FEM environment. Certification torsional loads have been applied to the modular reinforced frame and the obtained numerical results contributed to prove the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed design.
A Numerical Study on the Influence of Nanosilica‐Reinforced Epoxy Resin on the Delamination Behavior of Composite Laminates
Authors: Russo Angela , Sellitto Andrea , Acanfora Valerio , Zarrelli Mauro , Riccio Aniello 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe use of nanomodified epoxy resins can potentially increase composites application to aeronautical structural components, thanks to the potential enhancement, in terms of physical and mechanical properties, when compared to the neat epoxy matrix. In this work, the effects of silica nanoparticles (NPs) on the fracture toughness and, consequently, the crack growth resistance of fiber‐reinforced polymers (FRPs) have been numerically investigated. The skin‐stringer debonding initiation and growth have been studied by a tailored innovative numerical procedure considering an aeronautical panel reinforced with a single T‐shape stringer, made of carbon fibers/epoxy resin material, and subjected to compressive load. An analytical model has been used to evaluate the Mode I fracture toughness value of the nanomodified resin, and the Virtual Crack Closure Technique methodology has been employed to assess the delamination growth in the frame of a Finite Elements (FE) analysis performed in the Ansys FE environment. Numerical results presenting the comparison between charged and neat configurations have been assessed to provide a first understanding of the influence of nanoparticles on the static delamination growth in geometrically complex composite structures.
Numerical Investigation on the Impact Resistance of a Hydrogen Fuel Tank
Authors: Perfetto Donato , De Luca Alessandro , Caputo Francesco , Lamanna Giuseppe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn near future, the main challenge is to reduce the use of fossil fuels that currently emit the bulk of global CO2 emissions, responsible of the global warming and climate change. Hydrogen, as a future fuel candidate, would play a significant role for net‐zero emission requirements. As a matter of fact, new hydrogen tank design is needed to bring this technology to the readiness level. This paper aims to investigate on the impact resistance of a hybrid aluminum‐composite hydrogen tank. In particular, the paper presents the development of two finite element (FE) models for the simulation of two impact scenarios experimentally investigated and proposed in literature. The models provided acceptable levels of accuracy with consequent benefits in supporting designers in the certification process of such device type.