bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
We hang on to social media to get information but we do not master it: Sub-Saharan African communities’ experiences and engagement with the COVID-19 pandemic and related control strategies in Antwerp, Belgium
Authors: Ddungu Charles , Manirankunda Lazare , Meudec Marie , Landeghem Ella Van , Vanhamel Jef , Katsuva Deogratias , Nöstlinger Christiana 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Evidence shows that pre-existing racial/ethnic disparities in health, sustained by complex and intersecting socio-economic and structural inequities, have widened due to the current COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, little attention had been paid to the lived experiences of people in ethnic/racialised minority communities and to the web of causes and effects underlying COVID-19 related suffering. We conducted a study to explore Sub-Saharan African communities’ needs, perceptions, and different experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic and its control measures in the Antwerp metropolitan area (Belgium), from the perspective of Sub-Saharan African communities in 2020.
Methods
We conducted a qualitative study with an interpretative ethnographical approach. We used an iterative and participatory methodology: We set up a community advisory board which advised on different stages of the research process. Interviews and a group discussion were conducted online, using a secured web conference account, via telephone, and face-to-face. We analysed the data inductively using a thematic analytical approach.
Results
People in SSA communities, who mostly used social media for information, struggled with misinformation about the new virus and prevention measures. A big number were prone to misinformation about the origin of the pandemic, risk of infection with COVID-19, and the prevention measures such as testing, contact tracing, and future vaccination. SSA communities were not only affected by the epidemic, but to a larger extent by the control strategies, especially the lockdown. The combination of multiple social and economic disadvantages were significant in shaping people’s experience of the pandemic and its control measures. In turn, these experiences influences people’s perceptions and attitudes, and in some way impaired them to follow some public health COVID-19 prevention guidelines, leading to vicious cycles.
Conclusion
With the prolonged continuation of the COVID-19 epidemic and widening disparities, it is urgent and important it is to involve ethic/racialised minority communities in response strategies that not only address the needs of SSA communities, but also build on their strengths and agency. Findings from this study may inform future responses to epidemic outbreaks while considering input from ethnic/racialised minorities.
Prediction of Diagnostic Gene Biomarkers Associated with Immune Infiltration for Basal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Xie Dong , Chen Xiaoxiao , Wu Hongxuan , Ning Danmei , Cao Xianwei , Wan Chuan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a frequent tumor of the surface layer of skin or its accessories, and ranks first among the prevalence of skin cancer cases. However, its pathogenesis remains unclear. The purpose of this analysis was to scientifically evaluate the role of mRNAs in the occurrence and progression of BCC and further elucidate their underlying potential molecular mechanisms of action.
Results
Twenty-seven DEGs were identified. Fifteen hub genes were screened in the protein-protein interaction network. These showed marked enrichment in the cell cycle and p53 signaling pathway. FGF20, KIF23, and NCAPG were identified as the diagnostic markers of BCC. Immune cell infiltration analysis suggested their significant association with T cells CD4 memory activated, macrophages M1, and natural killer (NK) resting cells. Two miRNAs and 12 lncRNAs were used to construct the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network.
Conclusions
FGF20, KIF23, and NCAPG are potential diagnostic markers of BCC. Our findings may shed new light on the molecular mechanisms underlying BCC occurrence.
Diagnostic value of spiral CT energy spectrum imaging in lymph nodes metastasis around colorectal cancer
Authors: Chen， Wei-bin , Shi， Qian-qian , Li Ze-mao , Li Zhong-yao , Kang Li-qing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the value of preoperative CT energy spectrum imaging in detecting lymph nodes metastasis around colorectal cancer.Methods: From 2019 September to 2021 November, a retrospective study was performed for the eighty-two patients with colorectal cancer through preoperative colonoscopy or surgical pathology confirmed in our hospital. The patients were divided into lymph node metastasis group and lymph node non metastasis group according to whether lymph node metastasis occurred. GE Revolution CT scanner was used to scan the patients with energy spectrum imaging, it measured and recorded the single energy CT values from 40kev to 140kev and various energy spectrum parameters of lymph nodes around the lesions in the arterial and venous phase. And statistically analyze the above indices.Result: In the arterial and venous phase: the single energy CT values of 40kev~140kev in the non metastatic group were higher than those in the metastatic group (all P<0.05); The parameter values of IC, NIC, λ, Eff-Z in the non metastatic group were higher than those in the metastatic group (all P<0.05). Further evaluation of ROC curve showed that the higher AUC of the single energy CT value of 50kev in the arterial phase was 0.889, among the energy spectrum parameters of IC, NIC, λ, Eff-Z, the NIC had the better diagnostic efficiency and the AUC of the NIC was 0.873, the highest AUC of the combination of NIC and λ was 0.885 when the energy spectrum parameters were combined. The higher AUC of the single energy CT value of 60kev in the venous phase was 0.853, among the energy spectrum parameters of IC, NIC, λ, Eff-Z, the λ had the better diagnostic efficiency and the AUC of the λ was 0.822, the higher AUC of the combination of NIC, λ and Eff-Z was 0.840 when the energy spectrum were combined.Conclusion: Single energy CT values from 40keV~140keV and IC, NIC, λ, Eff-Z spectral parameters for energy spectral CT imaging were of high value for evaluating whether lymph nodes around colorectal cancer metastasize, and provide clinicians with more reliable image information before surgery.
Weaning Habits and Nutritional Status Determinants Among Under-5 Children in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: AMORAN Olorunfemi Emmanuel , ADEBAYO Omowunmi Temitope , Soleye Olufolahan O , MAUTIN James G , SODEHINDE Kolawole O , EKUNDAYO Adeola A , Salako Albert A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction: High household income may not guarantee a satisfactory nutritional outcome of the children if households are lacking of care, dietary quality and health care access. Malnutrition will persist despite rapid income growth if more effective approach to combat the problem is absent. This study was carried out to determine the influence of correct feeding habits on the nutritional status among under-fives in an urban city in southwestern Nigeria.Methodology: This was a community based, cross-sectional, descriptive study, investigations such as dietary survey, anthropometry and clinical examination were done. A multistage sampling technique was used in the study. Data were collected via pretested, close ended, interviewer administered questionnaire. The questionnaires obtained from the study were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS version 20) software programme.Result: A total of 407 participants with the mean age of 26.58 ± 10.10 months were recruited into the study. Exclusive breastfeeding was practiced by 39.8% of the mothers. About 56.5% of the mothers reported having given their babies the first milk (colostrum). The mean age of weaning off breast was 7.4 ± 1.5 months. Immunization coverage among the respondents were BCG- 82.1%, Oral polio = 81.3%, Pentavalent [DPT 3] = 87.2% and Measles = 88.7%. The mid upper arm circumference revealed 30(55.6%) of male were at greater risk of malnutrition than female 24(44.4%), while 45(56.1%) of males had severe malnutrition. Mean head circumference for age Z-score test between boys and girls in age group 13 to 24 months [p = 0.009, C.I= -0.27-0.19] and 25 to 36 months were significant statistically (p = 0.003, − 0.35 − 0.22). The value for age group 37–48 months was p = 0.53, C.I = 0.015–0.59 and p = 0.57, C.I = 2.59–1.70 for 49–60 months was not statistically significant.Conclusion: This study shows that the mean age of weaning was 7.4 ± 1.5 months. It also reported the mean values of head circumference to be significantly lower among girls than boys below 36months and this may have developmental and nutritional implications in Nigeria and other African countries.
Association of tumor burden with severe immune-related adverse events in nivolumab plus ipilimumab therapy for non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Sumi Toshiyuki , Sekikawa Motoki , Nagahisa Yuta , Matsuura Keigo , Shijubou Naoki , Kamada Koki , Watanabe Hiroki , Yamada Yuichi , Tanaka Yusuke , Chiba Hirofumi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Ipilimumab and nivolumab improve the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), albeit with a higher incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) than immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapy. In this study, we investigated whether baseline tumor burden is associated with the development of severe irAEs during treatment with ipilimumab plus nivolumab with or without chemotherapy. Consecutive patients with NSCLC receiving nivolumab plus ipilimumab with or without chemotherapy were retrospectively examined at the Hakodate Goryoukaku Hospital between December 2020 and December 2021. Total tumor burden was measured according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1. We defined irAEs as ICI therapy-related toxicities according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 5.0. Tumor burden differed significantly between patients with and without severe irAEs (100 mm vs. 67.5 mm, p = 0.001). A high tumor burden correlated with severe irAEs, independent of the complementary chemotherapy. The multivariate odds ratio of severe irAEs and high tumor burden was 6.72 (95% confidence interval = 2.05–22.0, p = 0.0017). Baseline tumor burden is a potential risk factor for severe irAEs in patients treated with combination ICI therapy; thus, careful monitoring of adverse events is needed.
Snakes in the city: Spatial and temporal assessment of snake encounters in urban Delhi, India
Authors: Barhadiya Gaurav , Purkayastha Jayaditya , Saha Ashis Kumar , Ghosh Chirashree 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Delhi, the capital city of India is, highly urbanized and surrounded by remnant forest, farms, ridges, and other green areas experience regular snake encounters in and around residential, institutional, and industrial areas. A total of 41 months of sampling from January 2019 to May 2022 was conducted wherein we, studied the snake assemblage in Delhi to determine the species composition, encounter frequency, seasonal activity patterns, and probable encounter sites in an urban setup. We documented 372 individuals belonging to 15 species from Seven families out of 23 species found in Delhi. Snakes were found inside forests, public parks, homes, drain networks, streets, office buildings, and even in school-college buildings. The most recorded species being Ptyas mucosa (37.37%, n = 139), Naja Naja (19.62%, n = 73), and Lycodon aulicus (13.44%, n = 50). The highest numbers of incidents were reported in the month of July (22.04%, n = 82) and August (19.89%, n = 74) during the peak monsoon season, for identifying high encounter sites, we used a geostatistical modeling tool, Ordinary kriging to identify places having more snake occurrences. We further used a statistical spatial method called average nearest neighbor distance to detect the pattern distribution of snake species. Ordinary kriging highlighted two areas having concentrated snake encounters. The results of the average nearest neighbour distance analysis showed three species having Clustered and two species having dispersed distribution. The incidence of snake encounters was found to be highly seasonal and appeared to be associated mainly with monthly rainfall, temperature, and humidity. Findings on snakes’ distribution patterns will not only help in the conservation of snakes but will also help the local population to understand snakes and co-exist with them.
Tribological and Corrosion Behavior of St37 Steel by Electrochemically Deposited Ni-Fe/Al 2 O 3 Coating
Authors: Yazdi Morteza Saghafi , Rezayat Mohammad , Zandi Mohammad Damous , Azami Aref 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Surface coating process is one of the techniques that increase the performance and service life of parts by increasing the mechanical properties. In this study, compared to the layered coating, a composite coating was done by electroplating method on stainless steel grade st37. The aim of this study was to increase the mechanical properties of the surface base metal as well as the coating. Materials characterization tests such as X-ray diffraction tests and imaging were performed by scanning electron microscopy. In addition, a Vickers microhardness test and wear resistance were performed. Chemical tests were done on the created coating, the results of which were presented as polarization and Varna quest diagrams. According to the results, the coating containing Ni-Fe/Al2O3 particles showed better mechanical properties so that by increasing the amount of alumina particles to 50 g/L, the hardness reached 750 (HV 0.5), which is 585 (HV 0.5) for the coating without alumina was reported. Varna quest chemical test reported that coat with alumina corroded 10 times less than st37 row material. The wear friction coefficient for row st37 was 0.21 however this amount after adding alumina to the coating structure reached 0.35.
Effects of folic acid supplementation on glucose metabolism disorders in male offspring induced by lipopolysaccharide exposure during pregnancy
Authors: Sun Wan-Xiao , Shu Yi-Ping , Chen Jing , Yu Ning-Ning , Zhao Mei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Adverse environmental factors in the early stage of life can change the gene phenotype of cells through epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, and ultimately affect the occurrence and development of fetogenic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. Folic acid (FA) is an important methyl donor in vivo and participates in DNA replication and methylation. The preliminary experimental results of our group demonstrated that low dose of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure during pregnancy could lead to the disorder of glucose metabolism of male offspring, but the effect of folic acid supplementation on the disorder of glucose metabolism of male offspring induced by LPS exposure remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of folic acid supplementation on glucose metabolism disorder in male offspring induced by LPS exposure during pregnancy and its potential mechanism. This study confirmed that FA supplementation of 5mg/kg in pregnant mice improved glucose metabolism of LPS-exposed offspring during pregnancy by regulating gene expression.
Towards a Biomarker for Acute Arterial Thrombosis Using Complete Blood Count and White Blood Cell Differential Parameters in Mice
Authors: Jang Hee Jeong , Schellingerhout Dawid , Kim Jiwon , Chung Jinyong , Kim Dong-Eog 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
There is no blood biomarker diagnostic of arterial thrombosis. We investigated if arterial thrombosis per se was associated with alterations in complete blood count (CBC) and white blood cell (WBC) differential count in a mouse model of thrombosis. Twelve-week-old male C57Bl/6 mice were used for FeCl3-mediated carotid thrombosis (n = 79), sham-operation (n = 72), or non-operation (n = 26). Monocyte count (/µL) at 30-min after thrombosis (mean ± SEM, 196 ± 13) was ~ 1.4-fold higher compared with 30-min after sham-operation (139 ± 14), and was about 2.6-fold higher compared with non-operated mice (75 ± 6). At day-1 and − 4 post-thrombosis, compared with 30-min, monocyte count decreased by ~ 21% (155 ± 2) and 39% (119 ± 9), which however were about 2.2-fold and 2.1-fold higher than in sham-operated mice at the corresponding time-points (71 ± 5 and 58 ± 5), respectively. Lymphocyte counts (/µL) at 1- and 4-days after thrombosis (3513 ± 253 and 2590 ± 192) were ~ 60% and ~ 116% lower compared with the time-points in sham mice (5630 ± 350 and 5596 ± 314), and were ~ 65% and ~ 124% lower compared with non-operated mice (5791 ± 264). Monocyte-lymphocyte-ratio (MLR) was substantially higher at all three time-points (0.050 ± 0.003, 0.046 ± 0.007, and 0.050 ± 0.005) than in sham mice (0.003 ± 0.003, 0.013 ± 0.001, and 0.010 ± 0.001). MLR was 0.013 ± 0.001 in non-operated mice. This is the first report on acute arterial thrombosis-related alterations in CBC and WBC differential count.
Resting-state functional connectivity disruption between the left and right pallidum as a biomarker for subthreshold depression
Authors: Okamoto Yasumasa , Sato Yosuke , Okada Go , Yokoyama Satoshi , Ichikawa Naho , Takamura Masahiro , Mitsuyama Yuki , Shimizu Ayaka , Itai Eri , Shinzato Hotaka , Kawato Mitsuo , Yahata Noriaki 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Although the identification of late adolescents with subthreshold depression (StD) may provide a basis for developing effective interventions that could lead to a reduction in the prevalence of StD and prevent the development of major depressive disorder, knowledge about the neural basis of StD remains limited. The purpose of this study was to develop a generalizable classifier for StD and to shed light on the underlying neural mechanisms of StD in late adolescents. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 91 individuals (30 StD subjects, 61 healthy controls) were included to build an StD classifier, and eight functional connections were selected by using the combination of two machine learning algorithms. We applied this biomarker to an independent cohort (n = 43) and confirmed that it showed generalization performance (area under the curve = 0.84/0.75 for the training/test datasets). Moreover, the most important functional connection was between the left and right pallidum, which may be related to clinically important dysfunctions in subjects with StD such as anhedonia and hyposensitivity to rewards. Investigation of whether modulation of the identified functional connections can be an effective treatment for StD may be an important topic of future research.
Multi-residue Analysis of Eight Veterinary Drugs in Buffalo Milk using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Huang Xingchen , Zhu Pingchuan , Sun Qinqiang , Liu Runfeng , Hu Wei , Xu Huiyan , Lu Yangqing , Fu Qiang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this study, we developed an analytical method for veterinary drug residues in buffalo milk using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The multi-residue method was established for the simultaneous identification and quantitation of eight common veterinary drugs, including metronidazole, salbutamol, atropine, trimethoprim, hydrocortisone, kitasamycin, roxithromycin and tylosin. The sample processing method for buffalo milk was compared and optimised. The precision, recovery and matrix effects of the method were validated. The precision and accuracy of all analytes ranged from 1.81% to 12.35% and 1.25% to 14.57%, respectively. The average recovery percentages varied between 93.59% and 114.57%, and the average matrix effect ranged from 87.12% to 103.76%. All eight analytes in buffalo milk exhibited stability under different treatment conditions. The developed method was successfully applied to laboratory analysis and routine sample analysis. The method was demonstrated to be rapid, sensitive and reliable for the rapid monitoring of veterinary drug residues in buffalo milk. The findings of this study contribute to the risk assessment of veterinary drug residues for preventing the human consumption of contaminated buffalo milk and its derivatives.
Interpersonal communication, cultural norms, and community perceptions associated with care-seeking for fever among under-fives in Magoé district, Mozambique
Authors: Hutchinson Paul , Zulliger Rose , Butts Jessica K. , Candrinho Balthazar , Saifodine Abu , Eisele Thomas P. , Yukich Josh 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundMalaria is endemic throughout Mozambique, contributing significantly to the country’s burden of disease. Prompt and effective treatment for fevers in children can limit the mortality and morbidity impacts of the disease but many children in the country are not taken for formal care. Using an ideational model of behavior, this study assesses the magnitude of the relationships between potential drivers of care-seeking - interpersonal communication, malaria messaging, and ideational factors – and actual care-seeking behaviors for under-five children with fever in Magoé district, Mozambique.MethodsUsing data come from a 2019 household malaria survey for a random sample of women of reproductive age, multilevel random effects logistic regression models are estimated to test for associations between care-seeking behaviors and hypothesized behavioral determinants, including interpersonal communication (IPC), malaria messaging, ideational factors (e.g., norms, attitudes, beliefs, risk perceptions), and community characteristics.ResultsOverall, 18.5% of children under age five (N=300) were reported to have fever in the previous 2 weeks and, of these, 68.5% were taken to a formal sector health care provider. Multivariate models highlight significant roles for interpersonal communication; care-seeking was highest among mothers who spoke only with friends/community members about malaria (94.0%, p<.001), followed by those who spoke only with their husband (78.6%, p=.015), relative to 63.3% who spoke with no one. Care-seeking decisions made by a child’s grandmother were associated with a 25.0 percentage point (p=0.001) greater likelihood of seeking care relative to decisions made by the mother alone. Exposure to any malaria messaging was also positively associated with care-seeking (90.5% versus 62.7%, p<.001). In contrast, among all individual- and community-level ideational factors, only perceptions of self-efficacy to seek care are related to care-seeking behaviors. ConclusionsThese results suggest that social and behavior change interventions that focus on encouraging families and community members to talk about malaria and the need to promptly seek treatment for fevers in children may be particularly effective at increasing this behavior in this and similar settings. Such messaging and IPC should consider grandmothers as a target audience, as they appear to be perceived as highly influential in care-seeking decision-making in this community.