bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Converting high-dimensional complex networks to lower-dimensional ones preserving synchronization features
Authors: Naseri Nafise , Parastesh Fatemeh , Ghassemi Farnaz , Jafari Sajad , Schöll Eckehard , Kurths Jürgen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Studying the stability of synchronization of coupled oscillators is one of the prominent topics in network science. However, in most cases, the computational cost of complex network analysis is challenging because they consist of a large number of nodes. This study includes overcoming this obstacle by presenting a method for reducing the dimension of a large-scale network, while keeping the complete region of stable synchronization unchanged. To this aim, the first and last non-zero eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix of a large network are preserved using the eigen-decomposition method and Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization. The method is only applicable to undirected networks and the result is a weighted undirected network with smaller size. The reduction method is studied in a large-scale a small-world network of Sprott-B oscillators. The results show that the trend of the synchronization error is well maintained after node reduction for different coupling schemes.
Mathematical modeling of HIV-HCV co-infection model: Impact of parameters on reproduction number
Authors: Abiodun Oluwakemi E. , Adebimpe Olukayode , Ndako James A. , Oludoun Olajumoke , Aladeitan Benedicta , Adeniyi Michael 
Published: October 2022

Background: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are both as classified blood-borne viruses since they are transmitted through contact with contaminated blood. Approximately 1.3 million of the 2.75 million global HIV/HCV carriers inject drugs (PWID). HIV co-infection has a harmful effect on the progression of HCV, resulting in greater rates of HCV persistence after acute infection, higher viral levels, and accelerated progression of liver fibrosis and end-stage liver disease. In this study, we developed and investigated a mathematical model for the dynamical behavior of HIV/AIDS and HCV co-infection, which includes therapy for both diseases, vertical transmission in HIV cases, unawareness and awareness of HIV infection, inefficient HIV treatment follow-up, and efficient condom use. Methods: Positivity and boundedness of the model under investigation were established using well-known theorems. The equilibria were demonstrated by bringing all differential equations to zero. The associative reproduction numbers for mono-infected and dual-infected models were calculated using the next-generation matrix approach. The local and global stabilities of the models were validated using the linearization and comparison theorem and the negative criterion techniques of bendixson and dulac, respectively. Results: The growing prevalence of HIV treatment dropout in each compartment of the HIV model led to a reduction in HIV on treatment compartments while other compartments exhibited an increase in populations. In dually infected patients, treating HCV first reduces co-infection reproduction number Rech, which reduces liver cancer risk. Conclusions: From the model's results, we infer various steps that policymakers could take to reduce the number of mono-infected and co-infected individuals.
Demonstration of Common Elements of Involution on a Simple Example
Authors: Umbetov N. 
Published: October 2022

The involution of projective rows with a common support, its geometric interpretation are considered. Taking the special case of the geometric interpretation of involution, the problem of constructing harmonically conjugate points is solved for given initial conditions, when one circle and a radical axis of this circle with a bundle of corresponding circles with a common radical axis are given. A proposal is given on the existence of a single circle in a bundle, the diametrical points of which on the lines of centers make up a harmonic four with diametral points of a given circle. It is shown that using the diametrical points of a given circle and points P, Q of the radical axis in elliptical involution, you can build double points X, Y and the radical axis of the PQ of circles in hyperbolic involution. And the tangent from the vertical diammetral point of the circle w1 to the circle passing through double points of hyperbolic involution - there is a point P(Q) of the radical axis of elliptical involution. The indicated properties make it possible to carry out a mutual transition from one involution to another.	It was established that the diagonals of the quadrangles obtained when crossing all the circles of the bundle, orthogonal to the two given in elliptical involution, intersect in the center of the radical axis of the given circles in hyperbolic involution, and the diagonals of the quadrangles of all circles of the beam in hyperbolic involution are intersected in the center of the radical axis of the given circles in elliptical Involution.
The geometric place (GP) of each point of the harmonic four is constructed. In this case, the geometric place a pair of harmonic four in an elliptic involution turns out to be an ellipse that has a common tangent at points P with the circle of double points of the hyperbolic involution. And the GP pairs of the harmonic four for hyperbolic involution are two branches of the hyperbola that pass through the centers of the circles that define the elliptical involution.
Instrumen Penelitian Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Head Together Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa SMP
Authors: Kusumawati Yunita 
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang instrumenÂ penelitian dalam pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Head TogetherÂ untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa SMP di Banten. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei. Populasi penelitian ini adalah beberapa siswa di Banten, Sampel diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling, sebanyak 36 orang siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah instrumen Numbered Head TogetherÂ dan Â kemampuan komunikasi matematika siswa. Data dianalisis dengan teknik korelasi regresi. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Head TogetherÂ terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematika.
Pengembangan E-Modul Berbasis PBL dengan Pendekatan STEM Pada Materi Ciri-Ciri Hewan, Tumbuhan, dan Habitatnya untuk Siswa Kelas VI Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Shafarina Annisa Yola , Erviana Vera Yuli 
Published: October 2022

This research is motivated by the use of learning media which is still limited, and only school textbooks that do not prioritize the development of students' problem solving abilities are used. This study aims to understand the steps of developing the modular characteristics of animals, plants and their habitats and to determine their quality. This development research uses the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). The objects of this research are material expert teachers, media experts, linguists, learningÂ experts and sixth grade teachers at SD Negeri Kalongan. Data collection techniques in the form of assessment. Quantitative and qualitative data analysis was used to evaluate teaching materials. This research develops modules on the characteristics of animals, plants and their habitats. The results showed that the quality of material experts was in the appropriate category, with an average score of 3.2. The quality assessment carried out by a linguist in the appropriate category had a mean score of 3.0. The quality assessment carried out by media experts using the very appropriate category has an average score of 3.4. The quality assessment carried out by learning experts has a very user-friendly category with an average score of 3.3. The teacher assesses the quality in the very appropriate category, with an average score of 3.8. These results indicate that the quality of the module is included in the very feasible category to be used as teaching materials.
Terahertz spectroscopic detection of antifatigue illegal additives in health care product matrices
Authors: Pan Wu , Xiao Huiyun , Li Haizhu , Li Yongrui , Zhang Bin , Liu Bowen , Yang Longliang 
Published: October 2022

Tadalafil is an illegal
additive in antifatigue supplements. It is often misused in various
plant dietary supplements (BDS), resulting in serious health risks. In
this paper, terahertz spectroscopy combined with chemometrics is used
to quantitatively analyze the content of tadalafil in nutritional and
health products. The absorption coefficient spectrum of tadalafil in
the range of 0.1–2.5 THz was obtained, and an obvious
characteristic absorption peak appeared at 1.7 THz. To verify
the accuracy of this characteristic absorption peak theoretically,
tadalafil was simulated by density functional theory, and the
calculated terahertz vibration spectrum matched well with the
experimental spectrum. Then, the pure fatigue-based nutraceutical
matrix and pure tadalafil were mixed in different proportions, and the
terahertz absorption coefficient spectra of the mixtures were
obtained. Finally, a quantitative analysis model of the tadalafil
mixture was developed based on the support vector regression (SVR)
algorithm, and the SVR model was optimized using particle swarm
optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA), respectively. Compared
with the SVR model, both PSO-SVR and GA-SVR enabled some improvement
in their prediction accuracy, but the PSO-SVR model ran faster at
4.85 s, whereas the GA-SVR model had a higher prediction
accuracy with a prediction set correlation coefficient (

R
P

) of 0.9996 and a root mean square
error (RMSEP) of 0.011. In summary, this study used terahertz
time-domain spectroscopy for the identification and quantification of
tadalafil in health product matrices. This study provides a new
solution for the nondestructive detection of illegally added tadalafil
in antifatigue health products, which is pivotal to the quality
control of the health product industry.
T-shaped silicon waveguide coupled with a micro-ring resonator-based Fano resonance modulator
Authors: Xu Yingjie , Lu Lidan , Chen Guang , Liao Jie , Xu Xiaofeng , Ou JianZhen , Zhu Lianqing 
Published: October 2022

Fano resonance has an asymmetric and sharp resonance peak near the
resonance wavelength, enhancing optical modulation performance. Here,
a Fano resonant silicon optical modulator with a micro-ring resonator
(MRR) coupled with a T-shaped waveguide is designed. Compared with an
MRR modulator, a Fano resonance-based modulator has a smaller
wavelength range of changes in optical intensity (from 0 a.u.
to 1 a.u.). Under the condition of achieving the same light
intensity change, Fano resonance only needs to shift the wavelength by
0.07 times compared with MRR. By optimizing the doping section and the
Fano resonance line shape, the modulation depth of the Fano modulator
is 12.44 dB, and an insertion loss of 0.41 dB is
obtained. Moreover, it improves the modulation linearity. This
modulator provides a new idea, to the best of our knowledge, for the
single-cavity Fano resonance modulator.
Simulation study of a temperature-calibrated double-sided polished optical fiber SPR refractive index sensor
Authors: Zhao Wanqi , Xiong Min , Chen Ming , Cheng Yu , Deng Shijie , Liu Houquan , Teng Chuanxin , Yang Hongyan , Deng Hongchang , Yuan Libo 
Published: October 2022

The temperature of the environment directly affects the accuracy of refractive index (RI) measurement. Therefore, we propose a double-sided polished surface plasmon resonance (SPR) RI fiber sensor, which is available for simultaneous measurement of the RI and temperature in real time. The proposed sensor uses single-mode fiber as a special double-sided polishing structure. The double-sided polishing regions are coated with a gold–silver hybrid film; one side is additionally coated with graphene layers to increase detection sensitivity, and the other side is coated with polydimethylsiloxane on the metal layer for temperature sensing. The simulation result shows that in the range from 1.33 to 1.35, RI sensitivity reaches as high as 2600 nm/RIU. In the range from 15°C to 85°C, temperature sensitivity reaches as high as

−

3.5

n
m

/

∘

C

. The full width at half maximum is 65 nm. Compared with previous studies, the sensitivity is slightly improved, and an excellent temperature compensation effect can be achieved. It is suitable for high-precision measurement of the environment and biochemical aspects.
Non-specular reflection of a narrow spatially phase-modulated Gaussian beam
Authors: Dadoenkova Yuliya S. , Glukhov Igor A. , Moiseev Sergey G. , Bentivegna Florian F. L. 
Published: October 2022

The lateral and angular Goos–Hänchen shifts undergone upon reflection on a dielectric plate by a spatially phase-modulated Gaussian beam are derived. It is shown that the amplitude and direction of both lateral and angular shifts are very sensitive to the degree of spatial phase modulation of the incident beam, so that such modulation thus provides a means to control those shifts. It is also shown that the modulation incurs some beam reshaping upon reflection. Analytical calculations of the lateral shift are found to be in good agreement with numerical simulations of beam propagation before and after reflection. In these simulations, the required spatial transverse phase modulation is achieved by focusing a microwave Gaussian beam onto the dielectric plate with a non-spherical lens or a flat-surfaced thin lamella exhibiting a suitable gradient of its refractive index. The optimal parameters governing the spatial phase modulation are discussed to achieve: (i) enhancement of the lateral shift of a spatially phase-modulated beam in comparison to that of a non-modulated beam and (ii) simultaneous large values of reflectivity and of the lateral shift, while keeping the reshaping of the reflected beam to a minimum.
Glassy behavior of modes in lasing systems with varying openness: random and whispering gallery mode lasers
Authors: Choubey Priyanka S. , Varshney Shailendra K. , Bhaktha B. N. Shivakiran 
Published: October 2022

We elucidate lasing characteristics, intensity statistics, and glassy behavior of lasing systems with varying degrees of openness and intrinsic disorder. In this pursuit, we consider three distinct dye-doped polymer based lasing systems, i.e., a planar waveguide random laser (PWRL) and two different geometries of whispering gallery mode resonators (WGMRs), viz., spherical and bottle microresonators. In WGMRs, improved optical confinement enhances the quality factor of resonances and provides a low threshold and fast saturation of the number of lasing modes with pump strength. Additionally, covariance across the lasing mode intensities reveals the presence of strong mode competition. In PWRL, the statistical study reveals bimodal probability distribution (PD) of modal intensity fluctuations near-above threshold with their gradual transition to heavy tail PD far above the threshold, while the PDs for WGMRs were found to remain unimodal throughout the pumped regimes with transition to positively skewed unimodal distribution above the threshold. We also report correspondence between the onset of bimodal PD and the spin glass phase near-above threshold in PWRL. Such observations are absent for WGMRs, wherein the spin glass behavior at and above the threshold are relatively suppressed. The non-zero value of the spectral intensity fluctuation overlap parameter in WGMRs manifests the inherent disorder held by the system. We also discuss the requirement of strong mode coupling achieved by virtue of openness for the realization of glassy behavior in lasing systems.
Characterizing ultra-narrow momentum of atoms by standing-wave light-pulse sequences
Authors: Zhou Shuyu , Chen Chen , Xu Bowen , Liang Angang , Wang Ying , Wang Bin 
Published: October 2022

We propose a method to characterize the ultra-narrow momentum
distribution of atomic gases by employing a standing-wave light-pulse
sequences beam splitter. The mechanism of beam splitting is analyzed
in detail, and the influence of a finite-width momentum distribution
on the population of each diffraction order is given. The temperature
of ultracold atomic gases can be calibrated by measuring the ratio of
population in different diffraction orders after double standing-wave
light pulses. We obtain analytical expressions for two typical cases,
and demonstrate phase space evolution in the whole process by using
the Wigner function. This method is valid for both classical atomic
gas and Bose–Einstein condensates, and it is suited for temperature
measurement on the space ultracold atomic physics platform, in which
the ultra-narrow momentum distribution of atomic gas is of the order
of 100 pK or even lower.
Ultrafast modulation of terahertz waves using on-chip dual-layer near-field coupling
Authors: Zhang Yaxin , Ding Kesen , Zeng Hongxin , Kou Wei , Zhou Tianchi , Zhou Hongji , Gong Sen , Zhang Ting , Wang Lan , Liang Shixiong , Lan Feng , Dong Yazhou , Feng Zhihong , Gong Yubin , Yang Ziqiang , Mittleman Daniel M. 
Published: October 2022

As a key potential component of future sixth-generation (6G)
communication systems, terahertz (THz) technology has received much
attention in recent years. However, a lack of effective high-speed
direct modulation of THz waves has limited the development of THz
communication technology. Currently, most high-speed modulators are
based on photonic systems that can modulate electromagnetic waves with
high speed using sophisticated optoelectronic conversion techniques.
Yet, they usually suffer from low conversion efficiency of light to
the THz range, resulting in low output power of the modulated THz
waves. Here, we describe a guided-wave modulator for THz signals whose
performance nearly matches that of existing in-line fiber-optic
modulators. Our results demonstrate a maximum modulation depth greater
than 20 dB (99%) and a maximum sinusoidal modulation speed of more
than 30 GHz, with an insertion loss around 7 dB. We demonstrate the
capabilities of this modulator in a point-to-point communication link
with a 25 Gbit/s modulation speed. Our modulator design, based on
near-field coupling of a THz transmission line to a single resonant
meta-element, represents a powerful improvement for on-chip integrated
high-performance THz devices.
Clinical and hematological profiles of children with dengue residing in a non-endemic zone of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Saiful , Khan Md. Abdullah Saeed , Badal Md. Fakhrul Amin , Khan Muhammad Ziaul Islam , Gozal David , Hasan Mohammad Jahid 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThe clinical and hematological parameters of children with dengue during an outbreak in a non-endemic region have not been well described. To delineate the clinical profile of pediatric cases from a tertiary care center located in a non-endemic zone (Tangail district) in Bangladesh was the objective of the study.MethodsA cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics of a 250-bed general hospital in Tangail, Bangladesh, between June 2019 to September 2019. Data collection was done using a pre-structured case record form. All patients underwent detailed history taking, physical examination, and hematological profiling. A total of 123 confirmed dengue cases were analyzed.ResultsThe average age of patients was 7.3±4.1 (SD) years, with nearly two-thirds being male (61.8%) and the majority living in rural areas (76.4%). Fever (100%), body ache (57.7%), headache (56.9%), and rash (55.3%) were the four common clinical manifestations. NS1 antigen and anti-dengue IgM antibody tests were positive in 86% (102 out of 119) and 37.7% (20 out of 53) of cases, respectively. Thrombocytopenia was present in 42% of cases. The majority of the cases had dengue fever (73.2%), and the remaining cases were either dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome (26.8%). Clinical and hematological parameters varied with the type of dengue. Particularly, rash (p = <0.001), bleeding manifestation (p = <0.001), vomiting (p = 0.012), hypotension (p = 0.018), pleural effusion (p = 0.018), ascites (p = 0.018), hepatomegaly (p = <0.001) and low platelet count (<150 x 103cells/μL) (p = 0.038) were significantly more common among dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome cases.ConclusionsThe present study documented the clinical features of dengue in a pediatric group of patients from a non-endemic zone of Bangladesh. This vulnerable patient group requires earlier identification and keen attention during management.
Can deep learning reduce the time and effort required for manual segmentation in 3D reconstruction of MRI in rotator cuff tears?
Authors: Kim Hyojune , Shin Keewon , Kim Hoyeon , Lee Eui-sup , Chung Seok Won , Koh Kyoung Hwan , Kim Namkug 
Published: October 2022

Background/Purpose
The use of MRI as a diagnostic tool has gained popularity in the field of orthopedics. Although 3-dimensional (3D) MRI offers more intuitive visualization and can better facilitate treatment planning than 2-dimensional (2D) MRI, manual segmentation for 3D visualization is time-consuming and lacks reproducibility. Recent advancements in deep learning may provide a solution to this problem through the process of automatic segmentation. The purpose of this study was to develop automated semantic segmentation on 2D MRI images of rotator cuff tears by using a convolutional neural network to visualize 3D models of related anatomic structures.

Methods
MRI scans from 56 patients with rotator cuff tears (T2 Linear Coronal MRI; 3.0T, 512 mm × 512 mm, and 2.5-mm slice thickness) were collected. Segmentation masks for the cuff tendon, muscle, bone, and cartilage were obtained by four orthopedic shoulder surgeons, and these data were revised by a shoulder surgeon with more than 20 years’ experience. We performed 2D and 3D segmentation using nnU-Net with secondary labels for reducing false positives. Final validation was performed in an external T2 MRI dataset (10 cases) acquired from other institutions. The Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) was used to validate segmentation quality.

Results
The use of 3D nnU-Net with secondary labels to reduce false positives achieved satisfactory results, even with a limited amount of data. The DSCs (mean ± SD) of the cuff tendon, muscle, bone, and cartilage in the internal test set were 80.7% ± 9.7%, 85.8% ± 8.6%, 97.8% ± 0.6%, and 80.8% ± 15.1%, respectively. In external validation, the DSC of the tendon segmentation was 82.74±5.2%.

Conclusion
Automated segmentation using 3D U-Net produced acceptable accuracy and reproducibility. This method could provide rapid, intuitive visualization that can significantly facilitate the diagnosis and treatment planning in patients with rotator cuff tears.