bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metastable oscillatory modes emerge from synchronization in the brain spacetime connectome
Authors: Cabral Joana , Castaldo Francesca , Vohryzek Jakub , Litvak Vladimir , Bick Christian , Lambiotte Renaud , Friston Karl , Kringelbach Morten L. , Deco Gustavo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA rich repertoire of oscillatory signals is detected from human brains with electro- and magnetoencephalography (EEG/MEG). However, the principles underwriting coherent oscillations and their link with neural activity remain under debate. Here, we revisit the mechanistic hypothesis that transient brain rhythms are a signature of metastable synchronization, occurring at reduced collective frequencies due to delays between brain areas. We consider a system of damped oscillators in the presence of background noise – approximating the short-lived gamma-frequency oscillations generated within neuronal circuits – coupled according to the diffusion weighted tractography between brain areas. Varying the global coupling strength and conduction speed, we identify a critical regime where spatially and spectrally resolved metastable oscillatory modes (MOMs) emerge at sub-gamma frequencies, approximating the MEG power spectra from 89 healthy individuals at rest. Further, we demonstrate that the frequency, duration, and scale of MOMs – as well as the frequency-specific envelope functional connectivity – can be controlled by global parameters, while the connectome structure remains unchanged. Grounded in the physics of delay-coupled oscillators, these numerical analyses demonstrate how interactions between locally generated fast oscillations in the connectome spacetime structure can lead to the emergence of collective brain rhythms organized in space and time.
Social networks of oncology clinicians as a means for increasing survivorship clinic referral
Authors: Piombo Sarah E. , Miller Kimberly A. , Freyer David R. , Milam Joel E. , Ritt-Olson Anamara , In Gino K. , Valente Thomas W. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Specialized cancer survivorship clinics are recommended for addressing treatment-related health concerns of long-term survivors, but their relative newness in medical oncology necessitates strategies to expand services and clinic referrals. This study used social network analysis to identify personal and/or network factors associated with referral of patients to a survivorship clinic.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional social network survey of clinical personnel at a National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center. Participants identified colleagues with whom they consult for advice (advice network) and/or discuss patient care (discussion network). Exponential random graph models and logistic regression were used to identify key opinion leaders in the network and factors associated with referral of patients to the center’s survivorship clinic.

Results
Here we show that of the respondents (n = 69), 78.0% report being aware of the survivorship clinic, yet only 30.4% had ever referred patients to it. Individuals tend to associate with others in the same occupational role (homophily). In the discussion network, holding an influential network position (betweenness centrality) is associated with patient referral to the survivorship clinic. In the advice network, several social workers are identified as opinion leaders.

Conclusions
This study shows that there is strong homophily in both networks, potentially inhibiting information sharing between groups. In designing an inclusive network intervention, persons occupying influential network positions and opinion leaders (e.g., social workers in this case) are well-positioned to promote survivorship clinic referrals.
Using deep learning-based natural language processing to identify reasons for statin nonuse in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Authors: Sarraju Ashish , Coquet Jean , Zammit Alban , Chan Antonia , Ngo Summer , Hernandez-Boussard Tina , Rodriguez Fatima 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Statins conclusively decrease mortality in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), the leading cause of death worldwide, and are strongly recommended by guidelines. However, real-world statin utilization and persistence are low, resulting in excess mortality. Identifying reasons for statin nonuse at scale across health systems is crucial to developing targeted interventions to improve statin use.

Methods
We developed and validated deep learning-based natural language processing (NLP) approaches (Clinical Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers [BERT]) to classify statin nonuse and reasons for statin nonuse using unstructured electronic health records (EHRs) from a diverse healthcare system.

Results
We present data from a cohort of 56,530 ASCVD patients, among whom 21,508 (38%) lack guideline-directed statin prescriptions and statins listed as allergies in structured EHR portions. Of these 21,508 patients without prescriptions, only 3,929 (18%) have any discussion of statin use or nonuse in EHR documentation. The NLP classifiers identify statin nonuse with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94 (95% CI 0.93–0.96) and reasons for nonuse with a weighted-average AUC of 0.88 (95% CI 0.86–0.91) when evaluated against manual expert chart review in a held-out test set. Clinical BERT identifies key patient-level reasons (side-effects, patient preference) and clinician-level reasons (guideline-discordant practices) for statin nonuse, including differences by type of ASCVD and patient race/ethnicity.

Conclusions
Our deep learning NLP classifiers can identify crucial gaps in statin nonuse and reasons for nonuse in high-risk populations to support education, clinical decision support, and potential pathways for health systems to address ASCVD treatment gaps.
A temperature‐compensated linear GaAs HBT power amplifier for small‐cell applications in −25 to 125∘C$^\circ \rm C$ lunar environment
Authors: Li Jiajin , Zhang Gary , Yang Chang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA two‐stage 920–960 MHz power amplifier (PA) in GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) process is demonstrated for small‐cell communications in the lunar environment. To cope with the temperature fluctuations during lunar days, a novel complementary to absolute temperature (CTAT) biasing scheme is proposed for the PA to achieve an ultra‐wide‐range temperature compensation. Moreover, to meet the linearity requirements of the small‐cell applications while producing high output power, a band‐stop filter is employed in the biasing circuit of the second stage to reduce the AM– AM distortions. Over the temperature range of −25 to 125°C, the PA is capable of operating for the small‐cell applications over a gain ranging from 30.2 to 32.8 dB. The proposed PA achieves 24.5 dBm linear power with −47 dBc adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) and a PAE of 15%.
FAUST
Authors: Vastel C. , Alves F. , Ceccarelli C. , Bouvier M. , Jiménez-Serra I. , Sakai T. , Caselli P. , Evans L. , Fontani F. , Le Gal R. , Chandler C. J. , Svoboda B. , Maud L. , Codella C. , Sakai N. , Lόpez-Sepulcre A. , Moellenbrock G. , Aikawa Y. , Balucani N. , Bianchi E. , Busquet G. , Caux E. , Charnley S. , Cuello N. , De Simone M. , Dulieu F. , Durân A. , Fedele D. , Feng S. , Francis L. , Hama T. , Hanawa T. , Herbst E. , Hirota T. , Imai M. , Isella A. , Johnstone D. , Lefloch B. , Loinard L. , Maureira M. , Murillo N. M. , Mercimek S. , Mori S. , Menard F. , Miotello A. , Nakatani R. , Nomura H. , Oba Y. , Ohashi S. , Okoda Y. , Ospina-Zamudio J. , Oya Y. , Pineda J. E. , Podio L. , Rimola A. , Cox D. Segura , Shirley Y. , Testi L. , Viti S. , Watanabe N. , Watanabe Y. , Witzel A. , Xue C. , Zhang Y. , Zhao B. , Yamamoto S. 
Published: July 2022

Aims. Methanol is a ubiquitous species commonly found in the molecular interstellar medium. It is also a crucial seed species for the build-up of chemical complexity in star forming regions. Thus, understanding how its abundance evolves during the star formation process and whether it enriches the emerging planetary system is of paramount importance.
Methods. We used new data from the ALMA Large Program FAUST (Fifty AU STudy of the chemistry in the disc/envelope system of solar protostars) to study the methanol line emission towards the [BHB2007] 11 protobinary system (sources A and B), where a complex structure of filaments connecting the two sources with a larger circumbinary disc has previously been detected.
Results. Twelve methanol lines have been detected with upper energies in the [45–537] K range along with one 13CH3OH transition and one methyl formate (CH3OCHO) line blended with one of the methanol transitions. The methanol emission is compact (FWHM ~ 0.5″) and encompasses both protostars, which are separated by only 0.2″ (28 au). In addition, the overall methanol line emission presents three velocity components, which are not spatially resolved by our observations. Nonetheless, a detailed analysis of the spatial origin of these three components suggests that they are associated with three different spatial regions, with two of them close to 11B and the third one associated with 11A. A radiative transfer analysis of the methanol lines gives a kinetic temperature of [100–140] K, an H2 volume density of 106–107 cm−3 and column density of a few 1018 cm−2 in all three components with a source size of ~0.15″. Thus, this hot and dense gas is highly enriched in methanol with an abundance as high as 10−5. Using previous continuum data, we show that dust opacity can potentially completely absorb the methanol line emission from the two binary objects.
Conclusions. Although we cannot firmly exclude other possibilities, we suggest that the detected hot methanol is resulting from the shocked gas from the incoming filaments streaming towards [BHB2007] 11A and B, respectively. Higher spatial resolution observations are necessary to confirm this hypothesis.
Diagnostik von Motilitätsstörungen des Ösophagus – Bedeutung der neuen Chicago-Klassifikation v4.0
Authors: Müller Michaela , Denzer Ulrike W. , Kreuser Nicole , Thieme René , Hoffmeister Albrecht , Feisthammel Juergen , Niebisch Stefan , Gockel Ines 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungÖsophagusmotilitätsstörungen sind Erkrankungen, bei denen es aufgrund einer Veränderung der neuromuskulären Strukturen zu Fehlfunktionen des Schluckakts kommt. Das Leitsymptom ist daher die Dysphagie für feste und/oder flüssige Speisen, häufig begleitet von Symptomen wie Thoraxschmerz, Regurgitation, Sodbrennen und Gewichtsverlust. Die Ösophagusmanometrie ist der Goldstandard in der Diagnostik. Endoskopie und Radiologie dienen dem Ausschluss entzündlicher oder maligner Veränderungen.Durch die Einführung der hochauflösenden Ösophagusmanometrie (HRM) hat sich die Diagnostik der Ösophagusmotilitätsstörungen verbessert und mit der Chicago-Klassifikation zu einer neuen Einteilung geführt, die im letzten Jahrzehnt mehrfach modifiziert wurde, zuletzt 2021 mit der Chicago-Klassifikation v4.0. Verglichen mit der Vorversion v3.0 finden sich einige wichtige Änderungen, die anhand der im klinischen Alltag wichtigsten Ösophagusmotilitätsstörungen vorgestellt werden.
Diagnostik und Therapie als Mitursache für die
Chronifizierung von Schmerzerkrankungen des Bewegungssystems –
Iatrogenisierung im klinischen Alltag: eine Fallvorstellung
Authors: Vitt Esther Maria , Niemier Kay , Brinkers Michael 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungChronische Schmerzen sind häufig. Diagnostisches und therapeutisches
Vorgehen kann zur Chronifizierung von Schmerzen beitragen (Iatrogenisierung).
Verschiedene Mechanismen, die zur Iatrogenisierung führen sind bekannt.
Das Wissen um diese Effekte ist essenziell um Iatrogenisierung zu vermeiden,
oder die Auswirkungen auf unsere Patienten abzumildern.Anhand eines typischen Falls aus der stationären multimodalen
Schmerztherapie werden verschiedene Mechanismen der Iatrogenisierung aufgezeigt
und Vermeidungsstrategien diskutiert.
Real‐world experience for the outcomes and costs of treating hepatitis C patients: Results from the German Hepatitis C-Registry (DHC-R)
Authors: Krüger Kathrin , Rossol Siegbert , Krauth Christian , Buggisch Peter , Mauss Stefan , Stoehr Albrecht , Klinker Hartwig , Böker Klaus , Teuber Gerlinde , Stahmeyer Jona 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background & Aims With long-term consequences like the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with a significant health burden. Information on HCV treatment outcomes and costs in routine care is still rare, especially for subgroups. The aim of this study was to analyse the treatment outcomes and costs of subgroups in routine care and to compare them over time with previous analyses.
Methods Data were derived from a noninterventional study including a subset of 10298 patients receiving DAAs with genotypes 1 and 3. Sociodemographic, clinical parameters and costs were collected using a web-based data recording system. The total sample was subdivided according to treatment regimen, cirrhosis status as well as present HIV infection and opioid substitution treatment (OST).
Results 95% of all patients achieved SVR. Currently used DAA showed higher SVR-rates and less adverse events (AE) compared to former treatments. Concerning subgroups, cirrhotic patients, HIV-coinfected patients and OST patients showed lower but still high SVR-rates. In comparison, cirrhotic had considerably longer treatment duration and more frequent (serious) AE. Overall, average treatment costs were €48470 and costs per SVR were €51129; for currently used DAAs costs amounted to €30330 and costs per SVR to €31692. After the end of treatment, physical health is similar to the general population in all patients except cirrhotic. Mental health remains far behind in all subgroups, even for currently used DAA.
Conclusions Over time, some relevant factors developed positively (SVR-rates, costs, treatment duration, adverse events, health-related quality of life (HRQoL)). Further research on HRQoL, especially on mental health, is necessary to evaluate the differences between subgroups and HRQoL over time and to identify influencing factors.
Mid-term Follow-Up after Closed Reduction in Developmental Dysplastic Hips
Authors: Walter Sebastian G. , Ossendorff Robert , Bornemann Rahel , Zarghooni Kourosh , Peterlein Christian Dominik , Placzek Richard 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose Closed reduction and subsequent spica casting is the gold standard for treatment of unstable or dislocated developmental dysplastic hips (DDHs). There are few data on
mid-term results after treatment of DDH, especially on closed reduction.
Methods Thirty-one consecutive patients with unstable or dislocated hips (n = 36) that were treated by fluoroscopic, contrast agent-supported closed reduction and spica casting were
included and evaluated clinically and radiologically 2 and 5 years after treatment.
Results After 2 and 5 years, there were no significant differences between healthy and successfully treated hips that were detectable with respect to acetabular coverage (AC) angle,
center-edge angle, and clinical stability of the hip. There was a significant difference at the 2-year follow-up between healthy hips and hips that needed to undergo secondary open reduction
surgery (n = 4) with respect to the AC angle (p < 0.001).
Conclusion Closed reduction in DDHs results in acceptable clinical and radiological results in the mid-term follow-up. It remains unclear why some patients with subsequent
sonographically matured hips show secondary deterioration and recurrence of dysplasia.
Effects of Pharmacokinetic Gene Variation on Therapeutic Drug Levels
and Antidepressant Treatment Response
Authors: Scherf-Clavel Maike , Weber Heike , Wurst Catherina , Stonawski Saskia , Hommers Leif , Unterecker Stefan , Wolf Christiane , Domschke Katharina , Rost Nicolas , Brückl Tanja , Lucae Susanne , Uhr Manfred , Binder Elisabeth B. , Menke Andreas , Deckert Jürgen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction Pharmacogenetic testing is proposed to minimize adverse
effects when considered in combination with pharmacological knowledge of the
drug. As yet, limited studies in clinical settings have investigated the
predictive value of pharmacokinetic (pk) gene variation on therapeutic drug
levels as a probable mechanism of adverse effects, nor considered the combined
effect of pk gene variation and drug level on antidepressant treatment
response.
Methods Two depression cohorts were investigated for the relationship
between pk gene variation and antidepressant serum concentrations of
amitriptyline, venlafaxine, mirtazapine and quetiapine, as well as treatment
response. For the analysis, 519 patients (49% females; 46.6±14.1
years) were included.
Results Serum concentration of amitriptyline was associated with
CYP2D6 (higher concentrations in poor metabolizers compared to normal
metabolizers), of venlafaxine with CYP2C19 (higher concentrations in
intermediate metabolizers compared to rapid/ultrarapid metabolizers) and
CYP2D6 (lower metabolite-to-parent ratio in poor compared to
intermediate and normal metabolizers, and intermediate compared to normal and
ultrarapid metabolizers). Pk gene variation did not affect treatment
response.
Discussion The present data support previous recommendations to reduce
starting doses of amitriptyline and to guide dose-adjustments via therapeutic
drug monitoring in CYP2D6 poor metabolizers. In addition, we propose including
CYP2C19 in routine testing in venlafaxine-treated patients to improve
therapy by raising awareness of the risk of low serum concentrations in CYP2C19
rapid/ultrarapid metabolizers. In summary, pk gene variation can predict
serum concentrations, and thus the combination of pharmacogenetic testing and
therapeutic drug monitoring is a useful tool in a personalized therapy approach
for depression.
Role of PAX7 Gene rs766325 and rs4920520 Polymorphisms in the Etiology of Non-syndromic Cleft Lip and Palate: A Genetic Study
Authors: Khan Mahamad Irfanulla , CS Prashanth , Srinath Narasimhamurty 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNon-syndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) is one of the most common birth defects in humans with an overall prevalence of ∼1 in 700 live births around the world. The etiology of NSCLP is complex involving multiple genes, environmental factors, and gene-to-gene interactions. Several genome-wide associations (GWA) studies have shown the association of the paired box 7 (PAX7) gene in the etiology of cleft lip and palate in different populations worldwide. However, there are no reported studies on the association between the rs766325 and rs4920520 polymorphisms and the risk of developing NSCLP in the Indian population. Hence, the present study aimed to test for the probable association between rs766325 and rs4920520 polymorphisms among NSCLP Indian population using a case-parent trio design. Forty case-parent trios were selected from the cleft lip and palate center based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Genomic DNA was isolated from the cases and their parents. The rs766325 and rs4920520 polymorphisms of the PAX7 gene were analyzed for their association using the MassARRAY analysis. The statistical analysis was done using the PLINK software. The rs766325 and rs4920520 polymorphisms were tested for the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. None of the polymorphisms showed any statistical significance. Hence, the rs766325 and rs4920520 polymorphisms of the PAX7 gene were found to be not associated with NSCLP in the Indian case-parent trios.
Exploring Psychosocial Concerns and Needs of Ventilator and Nonventilator Caregivers in the Emergency and Trauma Care Setting
Authors: Kanmani Tiruchengode R. , Raju Birudu , Pallerla Srikanth , Mech Pallavi , Jacob Annmary , Makkar Suffi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction Caregivers of traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors in ventilators and nonventilator undergo psychological distress and their concerns and needs are secondary to patient care. Thus, this study aimed to explore the day-to-day concerns of the caregivers of ventilator and nonventilator survivors of TBI.
Materials and Methods A descriptive research method with a qualitative and quantitative approach was adopted. Overall, 100 adult caregivers (ventilator care, n = 50), (nonventilator care, n = 50) providing care for patients diagnosed and suffering from TBI were recruited using a cross-sectional survey method. Percentage, mean, standard deviation for continuous variables, and the simple thematic analysis were used for qualitative data.
Results The results showed that mild depression (9.54 ± 3.83) and mild anxiety (9.90 ± 4.22) were present in caregivers who were providing care for ventilator patients. However, no signs of depression (4.78 ± 2.30) and anxiety levels (2.90 ± 2.60) were found in the nonventilator caregivers. The qualitative results showed that social concerns such as marriage, work, psychological worry, and difficulty in decision making were highly present in caregivers.
Conclusion The study findings indicates that psychosocial intervention to be considered as an essential service in the neurotrauma unit to address crisis and support for the caregivers, family members, and patients from the holistic care perspective by medical and psychiatric social workers.
The Impact of Alpha Variant (B.1.1.7), Viral Load, and Age on the Clinical Course of Pediatric COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Unalan-Altintop Tugce , Celep Gokce , Milletli-Sezgin Fikriye , Onarer Pelin , Gozukara Melih , Bilgic Isıl , Onal Esra , Can Muhammed Enis , Demir Havva İpek 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective The research on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mainly consists of adult patients, leaving its impact on children understudied. This study aims to investigate the correlations between viral load, clinical course, age, and Alpha variant (B.1.1.7) in children.
Methods The study was conducted on children under the age of 18 years, who were admitted to Amasya University Sabuncuoglu Serefeddin Research and Training Hospital in Turkey between February and April 2021. ΔCt values, which were obtained by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), were analyzed to estimate the viral loads of the patients. Alpha variant (B.1.1.7) positivity was determined by real-time PCR.
Results There was no difference between estimated viral loads of different clinical courses (p > 0.05), or between asymptomatic and symptomatic patients (p > 0.05). Viral loads were found to decrease with increasing age (p = 0.002). Also, a higher rate of symptomatic disease was found in children under the age of 4 years (p < 0.05). Alpha variant (B.1.1.7) was not found to be associated with severe disease in children (p > 0.05).
Conclusion Our results demonstrate higher viral loads and symptomatic disease in children under the age of 4 years. Alpha variant (B.1.1.7) was not found to be related to disease severity. There has not been a consensus on the vaccination of the pediatric population worldwide. More studies are needed to understand the viral kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 and its severity on children to build effective vaccination strategies in children as public health restrictions are eased.