bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The oleaginous yeast Starmerella bombicola reveals limitations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model for fatty acid transport studies
Authors: Salvador Lopez Jose Manuel , Jezierska Sylwia , Ekim Kocabey Aslihan , Lee Jungho , Schneiter Roger , Van Bogaert Inge N A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the model organism to most yeast researchers, and information obtained from its physiology is generally extrapolated to other yeasts. Studies on fatty acid transport in S. cerevisiae are based on the expression of both native fatty acid export genes as well as heterologous proteins. Starmerella bombicola, on the other hand, is an oleaginous yeast of industrial relevance but its fatty acid transport mechanisms are unknown. In this study, we attempt to use existing knowledge from S. cerevisiae to study fatty acid transport in S. bombicola, but the obtained results differ from those observed in S. cerevisiae. First, we observed that deletion of SbPRY1 in S. bombicola leads to higher fatty acid export, the opposite effect to the one previously observed for the Pry homologues in S. cerevisiae. Second, following reports that human FATP1 could export fatty acids and alcohols in S. cerevisiae, we expressed FATP1 in a fatty acid-accumulating S. bombicola strain. However, FATP1 reduced fatty acid export in S. bombicola, most likely due to its acyl-CoA synthetase activity. These results not only advance knowledge on fatty acid physiology of S. bombicola, but also improve our understanding of S. cerevisiae and its limitations as a model organism.
Untapped Insight: A Longitudinal Qualitative Analysis of Older Adults’ Advice During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Van Vleet Bryce , Fuller Heather R , Hofmann Brittany , Huseth-Zosel Andrea 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Due to a lifetime of experience, older adults are uniquely positioned to contribute advice and insight to others during a historical, societal crisis such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This qualitative study explores the solicited advice older adults offered their peers, family members, and communities throughout the first year of the pandemic.

Research Design and Methods
A sample of 72 older adults aged 70–97 from Minnesota and North Dakota were asked what advice they would provide to others in June 2020 and again in April/May 2021. Participants were asked to provide advice on individual coping and how community members should support older adults during the pandemic, as well as how others should adjust after the pandemic. Responses were coded and developed into overarching themes.

Results
Older adults advised others during the pandemic to foster mental and physical well-being, develop positive life perspectives, and connect to others as strategies to cope through the pandemic. Participants advised that after the pandemic people should remain vigilant, return to normal, and emerge as better people. Advice targeted to meeting the needs of older adults during the pandemic included: adopt selfless attitudes, take intentional actions, and maintain balance. A longitudinal approach revealed that advice remained consistent over time, despite the circumstances caused by COVID-19 changing.

Discussion and Implications
Findings suggest that older adults utilize their life experiences and coping strategies as sources for drawing advice. These findings also suggest that older adults are sources of insight during crises. Future research should investigate additional advice older adults can offer and how willingly communities listen. Applied work should give older adults opportunities to provide far-reaching advice as well as develop interventions aimed at decreasing ageist perceptions of older adults in times of crisis.
A study on the influencing factors of total factor productivity of cultivated land resource utilization: evidences from direct influence and spatial spillover in China
Authors: Zhang Yan , Peng Jiachao , Ding Zhizhen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper provides a new perspective for the study on the influencing factors of total factor productivity of cultivated land resource utilization (CL-TFP). Due to the dynamic continuity and spatial dependence of CL-TFP, this paper analyses the main factors affecting CL-TFP. The results show that regional urban–rural income level difference has a significant positive spatial autocorrelation on cultivated land resources. From the perspective of spatial action effect, land acquisition reduces the cultivated land area of a single province but increases the CL-TFP of neighboring provinces. In terms of direct effects, the short-term and long-term effects of urban and rural income are both positive on CL-TFP, and the long-term positive effect is significantly greater than the short-term positive effect; the impact of land expropriation area on CL-TFP is negative both in the short term and the long term. As for indirect effects, only the short-term and long-term effects of land acquisition are positive, while that of other significant variables are negative. The policy constraints and social systems affect CL-TFP by the technology effect, scale effect and scope effect, respectively. Therefore, this paper proposes to promote CL-TFP by improving the urbanization land use, agricultural population transfer and optimizing the land use allocation.
Research and design of intelligent mine ventilation construction architecture
Authors: Huang Xu , Liu Yunlong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The mine ventilation system plays a role in purifying the air and providing a good working environment in coal mine production. Aiming at the unclear concept and inconsistency in solving problems in the process of intelligent construction of mine ventilation system, this paper conducts exploratory research on the connotation of mine ventilation intelligence, theoretical structure model, construction logic and scientific problems to be solved by means of literature review, on-site investigation and qualitative analysis. The research results show that the mine ventilation intelligent system needs to use real-time and full monitoring data, and by integrating brain science principles, machine learning and analysis and other technologies, it can immediately correct the air volume distribution defects, realize automatic power adjustment, remote facility management and control and accurate disaster identification. The theoretical model from the inside to the outside is the concept layer, the key scientific issues and technology layer, the model layer, the application layer and the theoretical support layer. The intelligent process of mine ventilation needs to comprehensively consider the relationship between the conscious human body, the cyber body and the ventilation physical entity in the processes of knowledge accumulation, knowledge modeling, knowledge movement, innovation and optimization, learning progress and feedback evolution. The intelligent ventilation system consists of perception layer, transmission layer and application layer. The research provides a theoretical basis for the intelligent construction of mine ventilation.
Extraction, Composition, and Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoids from Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge Leaves
Authors: Miao Mengyu , Chen Xianqiang , Wu Zhenghang , Liu Jiameng , Xu Chenyu , Zhang Zhuan , Wang Jiahong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge leaves (XLs) are valuable resources rich in phytochemicals, especially in flavonoids, but they are rarely exploited and utilized.

Objective
The purpose of this paper is to reduce the waste of XLs resources (usually used as agricultural waste) and extract the high added value of active ingredients from XLs.

Methods
The extraction of flavonoids from XLs using ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) was reported. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to adopt different ultrasonic conditions such as ethanol concentration, liquid:solid ratio, and ultrasonic power. In addition, the chemical structures were identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) and HPLC.

Results
Response surface analysis indicated the optimal level of ethanol concentration, liquid:solid ratio, and ultrasonic power as 71.49%, 13.87 mL/g, and 157.49 W respectively for the maximum response of total flavonoids (5.52 ± 0.23%), which fitted well with the predicted value (5.68 ± 0.17%). In addition, the extracts from XLs exhibited potent antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ammonium salt (ABTS).

Conclusion
The potent antioxidant activity of flavonoids from XLs is beneficial for their application in the food and drug industry, which will facilitate the rise of the added value of the flavonoids from XLs.

Highlights
Myricetin, rutin, and epicatechin, which may be responsible for the antioxidant activity of the extracts from XLs, were confirmed by UPLC–MS/MS and HPLC analysis. The extracted flavonoids can be used as a natural antioxidant additive to food products.
Keys to the city: an integrative conceptual framework on avian urban filtering
Authors: MacGregor-Fors Ian , García-Arroyo Michelle , Quesada Javier 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Urbanization represents a multi-dimensional ecological ‘filter’ for birds determined by a myriad of variables that can change over time. Birds colonising an urban system or staying in a habitat that has been recently urbanised need to overcome both the extrinsic (e.g. food predictability, human activities, and inter-specific interaction) and intrinsic filter variables, ranging from genetic to behavioural changes and/or adjustments. An increasing body of knowledge has identified the behavioural component as crucial for individuals facing the spatiotemporal dynamic urban filters, often after other traits and mechanisms have played their role. Through both developmental (i.e. variability in the expression of genes during ontogeny) and activation plasticity (i.e. alteration of behaviour as a result of individual experience), studies have shown that the identification of cues in novel systems—often determined by extrinsic factors—and learning processes, among other factors, have important impacts on decision-making and innovation. The latter are crucial behavioural traits for thriving in urban settings. Thus, we propose an integrative mechanistic framework based on the process experienced by birds who reach a city and manage to persist in the novel system (becoming urban ‘utilisers’) or those that dwell in an urbanised region who increase their fitness through behavioural responses and adaptations, leading to population persistence (becoming ‘dwellers’). Future field research efforts ought not only to widen the range of focal species, regions, and temporal scales of studies, but also to assess behavioural responses in highly urbanised settings, given that much of our knowledge comes from studies performed in urban greenspaces. Additionally, experimental studies are needed to complement the evidence from field research and to determine causal links.
Solanum lycopersicum CLASS-II KNOXgenes regulate fruit anatomy via gibberellin-dependent and independent pathways
Authors: Shtern Amit , Keren-Keiserman Alexandra , Mauxion Jean-Philippe , Furumizu Chihiro , Alvarez John Paul , Amsellem Ziva , Gil Naama , Motenko Etel , Alkalai-Tuvia Sharon , Fallik Elazar , Gonzalez Nathalie , Goldshmidt Alexander 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe pericarp is the predominant tissue determining the structural characteristics of most fruits. However, the molecular and genetic mechanisms controlling pericarp development remain only partially understood. Previous studies have identified that CLASS-II KNOX genes regulate fruit size, shape, and maturation in Arabidopsis thaliana and Solanum lycopersicum. Here we characterized the roles of the S. lycopersicum CLASS-II KNOX (TKN-II) genes in pericarp development via a detailed histological, anatomical, and karyotypical analysis of TKN-II gene clade mRNA-knockdown (35S:amiR-TKN-II) fruits. We identify that 35S:amiR-TKN-II pericarps contain more cells around their equatorial perimeter and fewer cell layers than the control. In addition, the cell sizes but not the ploidy levels of these pericarps were dramatically reduced. Further, we demonstrate that fruit shape and pericarp layer number phenotypes of the 35S:amiR-TKN-II fruits can be overridden by the procera mutant, known to induce a constitutive response to the plant hormone gibberellin. However, neither the procera mutation nor exogenous gibberellin application can fully rescue the reduced pericarp width and cell size phenotype of 35S:amiR-TKN-II pericarps. Our findings establish that TKN-II genes regulate tomato fruit anatomy, acting via gibberellin to control fruit shape but utilizing a gibberellin-independent pathway to control the size of pericarp cells.
Disparities in Cigarette, E-cigarette, Cigar, and Smokeless Tobacco Use at the Intersection of Multiple Social Identities in the US Adult Population. Results From the Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey 2018–2019 Survey
Authors: Zavala-Arciniega Luis , Meza Rafael , Hirschtick Jana L , Fleischer Nancy L 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Sociodemographic disparities in tobacco use are prevalent and persistent in the United States. Nevertheless, few studies have examined disparities in tobacco use from an intersectionality perspective. We developed a visualization tool to identify disparities in cigarette, e-cigarette, cigar, and smokeless tobacco use at the intersection of multiple social identities.

Aims and Methods
We used the 2018–2019 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey (TUS-CPS) to estimate the prevalence of tobacco product use at the intersection of age (18–34, 35–54, ≥55 years), sex (male, female), race/ethnicity (Non-Hispanic [NH] White, NH Black, Hispanic, NH Other), and annual household income (&lt;$50 000, $50 000–$99 999, and ≥$100 000). Estimates accounted for the complex survey design.

Results
For cigarettes, the most defining characteristic was income, with the highest prevalence among low-income NH White male adults aged 35–54 years (30.7%) and low-income NH White female adults aged 35–54 years (29.7%). For e-cigarettes, the most defining characteristic was age, with adults 18–34 years old having the highest prevalence. High prevalence groups for cigars included young- and middle-aged NH Black and NH White males, while NH White males had the highest prevalence of smokeless tobacco use.

Conclusions
Our intersectionality visualization tool is helpful to uncover complex patterns of tobacco use, facilitating the identification of high-risk groups.

Implications
We created a visualization tool to identify disparities in cigarette, e-cigarette, cigar, and smokeless tobacco use at the intersection of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and income. Our visualization tool helps uncover complex patterns of tobacco use, facilitating the identification of high-risk population groups that would otherwise be masked. These results can be used to implement tobacco control policies targeted at factors that promote or sustain tobacco use disparities.
Risk Factors and Incidence of Sexually Transmitted Infections in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Authors: Bosetti Davide , Mugglin Catrina , Calmy Alexandra , Cavassini Matthias , Stöckle Marcel , Braun Dominique , Notter Julia , Haerry David , Hampel Benjamin , Kovari Helen , Bernasconi Enos , Wandeler Gilles , Rauch Andri ,   Swiss HIV Cohort Study, Abela I , Aebi-Popp K , Anagnostopoulos A , Battegay M , Bernasconi E , Braun D. L , Bucher H. C , Calmy A , Cavassini M , Ciuffi A , Dollenmaier G , Egger M , Elzi L , Fehr J , Fellay J , Furrer H , Fux C. A , Günthard H F , Hachfeld A , Haerry D , Hasse B , Hirsch H. H , Hoffmann M , Hösli I , Huber M , Kahlert C. R , Kaiser L , Keiser O , Klimkait T , Kouyos R. D , Kovari H , Kusejko K , Martinetti G , Martinez de Tejada B , Marzolini C , Metzner K. J , Müller N , Nemeth J , Nicca D , Paioni P , Pantaleo G , Perreau M , Rauch A , Schmid P , Speck R , Stöckle M , Tarr P , Trkola A , Wandeler G , Yerly S 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are common among people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH), but there are limited data about risk factors and incidence of STIs in large, representative cohort studies.

Methods
We assessed incidence and risk factors of STIs reported by treating physicians within the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS). Sexually transmitted infections and demographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics were prospectively collected at 6-month follow-up visits between October 2017 and November 2019. We used multilevel Poisson regression to assess incidence rate ratios of different STIs.

Results
Among 10 140 study participants, a total of 1634 STIs in 1029 SHCS participants were reported over 17 766 person-years of follow up (PYFUP). The overall incidence of any reported STI was 91.9 per 1000 PYFU (95% confidence interval [CI], 85.8 –98.5). Among the 1634 STI episodes, there were 573 (35.1%) incident cases of syphilis, 497 gonorrhea (30.4%), and 418 chlamydia (25.6%). Men who have sex with men (MSM) younger than 50 years represented 21% of the study population, but accounted for 61% of reported STIs. Male sex (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 2.03; 95% CI, 1.36–3.02), MSM (aIRR, 3.62; 95% CI, 2.88–4.55), age group 18–34 years (aIRR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.51–2.10), history of sexual relationships with occasional partners (aIRR, 6.87; 95% CI, 5.40–8.73), and reporting injecting drug use (aIRR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.91–3.23) were associated with a higher risk of incident STIs.

Conclusions
Sexually transmitted infections were frequent among PWH and varied considerably between age and risk groups. Screening programs and recommendations for STI testing need to be adapted according to risk factors and demographic characteristics.
Development of a target product profile for a One Health antimicrobial resistance surveillance service
Authors: Tobin Mauro , Ferreyra Cecilia , Piton Jeremie , Kelly-Cirino Cassandra , Katz Zachary , Kadam Rigveda 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We developed a target product profile (TPP) for an interoperable, nationally hosted surveillance service that can automatically aggregate One Health antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data from numerous sources. The service described would provide a customized view of national level data in low- and middle-income countries. A draft TPP was reviewed through online survey by experts with broad knowledge across AMR policy, microbiology, surveillance and data management. The TPP included 51 characteristics with minimal and optimal requirements relating to overall information technology (IT) vision of effective AMR surveillance, data characteristics, data storage and use, interoperability, data security, system management and governance and non-functional requirements. The agreement for all characteristics in Round 1 was high (≥85%). Ten characteristics for which comments highlighted a need for clarification were amended and circulated for further review among 28 non-commercial and 15 commercial reviewers who responded to Round 1. The agreement with these characteristics during Round 2 was ≥88%. The final TPP will serve as an informative tool for a variety of stakeholders including diagnostic and software developers, governments and policymakers. The TPP aims to promote development of effective AMR surveillance information technology approaches to support policy decisions and implementation across human health, animal health and other sectors.
Improving beef calf health: frequency of disease syndromes, uptake of management practices following calving, and potential for antimicrobial use reduction in western Canadian herds
Authors: Waldner Cheryl , Wilhelm Barbara , Windeyer M Claire , Parker Sarah , Campbell John 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBovine respiratory disease (BRD), calf diarrhea (CD), and navel infections are the most commonly reported diseases of western Canadian beef calves. The objectives of this study were to estimate the frequency of treatment for these diseases for specific age cohorts and identify potential opportunities for reducing antimicrobial use. Producers representing 89 western Canadian cow-calf herds completed a survey describing calfhood diseases and management. The most common reason for calf treatment before weaning was BRD (4.9%), and BRD treatment was described in 51% of reporting herds before 2 months of age. Calf diarrhea (2.9%) and navel infection (2.0%) were the second and third most common reasons for treatment. Most calves were treated for CD between 6 days and 1 month of age. Almost one in five herds reported routinely administering antimicrobials at birth. Calving heifers and cows together were all associated with an increased treatment risk for BRD in calves from birth to 2 months (OR 3.55, 95%CI 2.13–5.94, P &lt; 0.0001), CD from 1 month to weaning (OR 3.94, 95%CI 1.29–12.0, P = 0.02), and navel infection (OR 4.55, 95%CI 1.78–11.6, P = 0.002). Failure to sort cow-calf pairs out of the calving area was also associated with an increased treatment risk for BRD from 4 months to weaning (OR 4.89, 95%CI 1.96–12.2, P = 0.0006) and CD from 24 h to 5 days (OR 2.82, 95%CI 1.03–7.75, P = 0.04), and not using the Sandhills system was associated with an increased treatment risk for navel infection (OR 4.55, 95%CI 1.78–11.6, P = 0.002). Other potentially modifiable factors associated with an increased risk of BRD in calves from birth to 2 months were winter feeding and calving in one area (P &lt; 0.0001), heifers calving in a higher density area (P = 0.01), and an increasing number of times cow-calf pairs were gathered before turn out to summer pasture (P = 0.0005). The purchase of any cows during the calving or prebreeding period was associated with an increased risk of BRD from birth to 2 months (P &lt; 0.0001) and from 2 to 4 months (P &lt; 0.0001). A history of respiratory bacterin vaccines administered to the dams was associated with a decreased risk of BRD in calves from 4 months to weaning (P = 0.01). Cows calving in a higher density area was associated with an increased risk of CD from 1 month to weaning (P = 0.02). These practices present opportunities for investigation of approaches to disease management that could support the judicious use of antimicrobials.
A comparison of multisensory features of two auditory cortical areas: primary (A1) and higher-order dorsal zone (DZ)
Authors: Merrikhi Yaser , Kok Melanie A , Lomber Stephen G , Meredith M Alex 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
From myriads of ongoing stimuli, the brain creates a fused percept of the environment. This process, which culminates in perceptual binding, is presumed to occur through the operations of multisensory neurons that occur throughout the brain. However, because different brain areas receive different inputs and have different cytoarchitechtonics, it would be expected that local multisensory features would also vary across regions. The present study investigated that hypothesis using multiple single-unit recordings from anesthetized cats in response to controlled, electronically-generated separate and combined auditory, visual, and somatosensory stimulation. These results were used to compare the multisensory features of neurons in cat primary auditory cortex (A1) with those identified in the nearby higher-order auditory region, the Dorsal Zone (DZ). Both regions exhibited the same forms of multisensory neurons, albeit in different proportions. Multisensory neurons exhibiting excitatory or inhibitory properties occurred in similar proportions in both areas. Also, multisensory neurons in both areas expressed similar levels of multisensory integration. Because responses to auditory cues alone were so similar to those that included non-auditory stimuli, it is proposed that this effect represents a mechanism by which multisensory neurons subserve the process of perceptual binding.