bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Venular amyloid accumulation in transgenic Fischer 344 Alzheimer’s disease rats
Authors: Bishay J. , Beckett T. L. , Lai A. Y. , Hill M. E. , McMahon D. , McLaurin J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStrong evidence demonstrates a significant association between cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). For this reason, interest in understanding the underlying vascular pathologies that contribute to AD remain. CAA research has primarily focused on arterioles and capillaries, overlooking the draining venules. Therefore, this study sought to examine venular amyloid pathology and its relationship to arteriolar amyloidosis throughout AD progression in the TgF344-AD rat model. Antibodies targeting the amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) sequence suggest morphological differences between arteriolar and venular amyloid. Mass spectrometric analyses of isolated cortical parenchymal plaques, arteriolar and venular amyloid demonstrated presence of Aβ in all three samples, as well as proteins known to be associated with AD. Histopathological analysis indicates a significant age effect for both arteriolar and venular amyloid accumulation, with accumulation initiated in the somatosensory cortex followed by the motor and cingulate cortex. Lastly, significant arteriolar amyloid accumulates relative to venular amyloid deposition in AD progression. Overall, understanding venular and arteriolar amyloid pathology provides insight into the complex connection between CAA and AD.
A first insight into the genetics of maturity trait in Runner × Virginia types peanut background
Authors: Kunta Srinivas , Parimi Pragna , Levy Yael , Kottakota Chandrasekhar , Chedvat Ilan , Chu Ye , Ozias-Akins Peggy , Hovav Ran 
Published: September 2022

Abstract'Runner' and 'Virginia', the two main market types of Arachis hypogaea subspecies hypogaea, differ in several agricultural and industrial characteristics. One such trait is time to maturation (TTM), contributing to the specific environmental adaptability of each subspecies. However, little is known regarding TTM's genetic and molecular control in peanut in general, and particularly in the Runner/Virginia background. Here, a recombinant inbred line population, originating from a cross between an early-maturing Virginia and a late-maturing Runner type, was used to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for maturity. An Arachis SNP-array was used for genotyping, and a genetic map with 1425 SNP loci spanning 24 linkage groups was constructed. Six significant QTLs were identified for the maturity index (MI) trait on chromosomes A04, A08, B02 and B04. Two sets of stable QTLs in the same loci were identified, namely qMIA04a,b and qMIA08_2a,b with 11.5%, 8.1% and 7.3%, 8.2% of phenotypic variation explained respectively in two environments. Interestingly, one consistent QTL, qMIA04a,b, overlapped with the previously reported QTL in a Virginia × Virginia population having the same early-maturing parent ('Harari') in common. The information and materials generated here can promote informed targeting of peanut idiotypes by indirect marker-assisted selection.
Mesoscopic and macroscopic investigation of a dolomitic marble subjected to thermal damage
Authors: Liu Jian-bin , Zhang Zhong-jian , Leung Anthony Kwan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThermal loading is an important factor that could lead to the weakening and deterioration of rock materials. Understanding the thermal properties of rocks and their evolution under different high temperatures is important in the post-fire-hazard evaluation and cultural heritage conservation. Yet it is challenging to understand the evolution of thermally-induced changes in rock properties and to quantitatively study degrees of thermal damage when samples are limited. This study investigates the effects of high temperatures (i.e., 200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C, and 1000 °C) on a dolomitic marble using combined mesoscopic and macroscopic testing techniques. The test results show that increasing marble temperature led to a deterioration of physical properties (i.e., increasing open porosity and weight loss; but decreasing P-wave velocity) and mechanical properties (i.e., increasing axial strain corresponding with the peak stress; but decreasing uniaxial compressive strength, Young’s modulus, and brittleness). There existed a threshold temperature of 600 °C, which marks different thermal damage mechanisms. Below the threshold, the rock deterioration was mainly caused by physical changes such as crack propagation and grain breakage, which can be characterized by mesoscopic parameters (i.e., linear crack density and mineral grain size distribution). On the contrary, when the temperature was higher than the threshold, the deterioration was caused by chemical changes, including mineral decomposition and re-crystallization, which was indicated by the changes in mineral compositions and relative atomic mass calculation. Based on the experimental results (e.g., mineralogical and physico-mechanical changes) and obtained relationships between the parameters in mesoscale and macroscale, a novel scheme for thermal damage evaluation is proposed to estimate thermally-induced changes in macroscopic parameters (e.g., Young’s modulus) based on the corresponding mesoscopic parameters (e.g., particle size distribution and linear crack density).
Changes in plasma free fatty acids in obese patients before and after bariatric surgery highlight alterations in lipid metabolism
Authors: Hierons Stephen J. , Abbas Kazim , Sobczak Amélie I. S. , Cerone Michela , Smith Terry K. , Ajjan Ramzi A. , Stewart Alan J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObesity is a complex disease that increases an individual’s risk of developing other diseases and health-related problems. A common feature is dyslipidemia characterized by increased levels of plasma lipids, which include non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs). The role of NEFAs in obesity-related morbidity is interesting as NEFAs constitute a reservoir of metabolic energy, are principal components of cell membranes and are precursors for signalling molecules. Bariatric surgery promotes sustained weight loss in severely obese patients, reducing the incidence and severity of co-morbidities. In this study we measure changes in circulating NEFA species in plasma samples taken from 25 obese individuals before and 9 months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. The mean weight of the cohort reduced by 29.2% from 149.0 ± 25.1 kg pre-surgery to 105.5 ± 19.8 kg post-surgery and the BMI by 28.2% from 51.8 ± 6.3 kg/m2 pre-surgery to 37.2 ± 5.4 kg/m2. Mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) reduced from 6.5 ± 1.3 to 5.5 ± 0.5%, consistent with the intervention leading to improved glycaemic control, particularly in those who were dysglycemic prior to surgery. Total and LDL cholesterol concentrations were markedly reduced following surgery. Concentrations of seven NEFAs were found to decrease 9 months after surgery compared to pre-surgery levels: myristate, palmitoleate, palmitate, linoleate, oleate, stearate and arachidonate. Bariatric surgery led to increased lipogenesis and elongase activity and decreased stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 activity. This study therefore highlights metabolic changes that take place following gastric bypass surgery in severely obese patients.
Discrepancy of echocardiography and computed tomography in initial assessment and 2-year follow-up for monitoring Marfan syndrome and related disorders
Authors: Beetz Nick Lasse , Trippel Tobias Daniel , Philipp Karla , Maier Christoph , Walter-Rittel Thula , Shnayien Seyd , Gehle Petra 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPatients with Marfan syndrome and related disorders are at risk for aortic dissection and aortic rupture and therefore require appropriate monitoring. Computed tomography (CT) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) are routinely used for initial diagnosis and follow-up. The purpose of this study is to compare whole-heart CT and TTE aortic measurement for initial work-up, 2-year follow-up, and detection of progressive aortic enlargement. This retrospective study included 95 patients diagnosed with Marfan syndrome or a related disorder. All patients underwent initial work-up including aortic diameter measurement using both electrocardiography-triggered whole-heart CT and TTE. Forty-two of these patients did not undergo aortic repair after initial work-up and were monitored by follow-up imaging within 2 years. Differences between the two methods for measuring aortic diameters were compared using Bland–Altman plots. The acceptable clinical limit of agreement (acLOA) for initial work-up, follow-up, and progression within 2 years was predefined as <  ± 2 mm. Bland–Altman analysis revealed a small bias of 0.2 mm with wide limits of agreement (LOA) from + 6.3 to − 5.9 mm for the aortic sinus and a relevant bias of − 1.6 mm with wide LOA from + 5.6 to − 8.9 mm for the ascending aorta. Follow-up imaging yielded a small bias of 0.5 mm with a wide LOA from + 6.7 to − 5.8 mm for the aortic sinus and a relevant bias of 1.1 mm with wide LOA from + 8.1 to − 10.2 mm for the ascending aorta. Progressive aortic enlargement at follow-up was detected in 57% of patients using CT and 40% of patients using TTE. Measurement differences outside the acLOA were most frequently observed for the ascending aorta. Whole-heart CT and TTE measurements show good correlation, but the frequency of measurement differences outside the acLOA is high. TTE systematically overestimates aortic diameters. Therefore, whole-heart CT may be preferred for aortic monitoring of patients with Marfan syndrome and related disorders. TTE remains an indispensable imaging tool that provides additional information not available with CT.
Capturing, clarifying, and consolidating the curiosity-creativity connection
Authors: Koutstaal Wilma , Kedrick Kara , Gonzalez-Brito Joshua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe cognitive-motivational concepts of curiosity and creativity are often viewed as intertwined. Yet, despite the intuitively strong linkage between these two concepts, the existing cognitive-behavioral evidence for a curiosity-creativity connection is not strong, and is nearly entirely based on self-report measures. Using a new lab-based Curiosity Q&A task we evaluate to what extent behaviorally manifested curiosity—as revealed in autonomous inquiry and exploration—is associated with creative performance. In a preregistered study (N = 179) we show that, as hypothesized, the novelty of the questions that participants generated during the Curiosity Q&A Task significantly positively correlated with the originality of their responses on a divergent-thinking task (the conceptually-based Alternative Uses Task). Additionally, the extent to which participants sought out information that was implicitly missing in the presented factual stimuli ("gap-related information foraging") positively correlated with performance on two predominantly convergent-thinking tasks (the Remote Associates Task and Analogy Completion). Question asking, topic-related information foraging, and creative performance correlated with trait-based "interest-type" curiosity oriented toward exploration and novelty, but not with "deprivation-type" curiosity focused on dispelling uncertainty or ignorance. Theoretically and practically, these results underscore the importance of continuing to develop interventions that foster both creative thinking and active autonomous inquiry.
Voltage-sensing phosphatase (Vsp) regulates endocytosis-dependent nutrient absorption in chordate enterocytes
Authors: Ratanayotha Adisorn , Matsuda Makoto , Kimura Yukiko , Takenaga Fumiko , Mizuno Tomoaki , Hossain Md. Israil , Higashijima Shin-ichi , Kawai Takafumi , Ogasawara Michio , Okamura Yasushi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractVoltage-sensing phosphatase (Vsp) is a unique membrane protein that translates membrane electrical activities into the changes of phosphoinositide profiles. Vsp orthologs from various species have been intensively investigated toward their biophysical properties, primarily using a heterologous expression system. In contrast, the physiological role of Vsp in native tissues remains largely unknown. Here we report that zebrafish Vsp (Dr-Vsp), encoded by tpte gene, is functionally expressed on the endomembranes of lysosome-rich enterocytes (LREs) that mediate dietary protein absorption via endocytosis in the zebrafish mid-intestine. Dr-Vsp-deficient LREs were remarkably defective in forming endosomal vacuoles after initial uptake of dextran and mCherry. Dr-Vsp-deficient zebrafish exhibited growth restriction and higher mortality during the critical period when zebrafish larvae rely primarily on exogenous feeding via intestinal absorption. Furthermore, our comparative study on marine invertebrate Ciona intestinalis Vsp (Ci-Vsp) revealed co-expression with endocytosis-associated genes in absorptive epithelial cells of the Ciona digestive tract, corresponding to zebrafish LREs. These findings signify a crucial role of Vsp in regulating endocytosis-dependent nutrient absorption in specialized enterocytes across animal species.
Statistical verifications and deep-learning predictions for satellite-to-ground quantum atmospheric channels
Authors: Trinh Phuc V. , Carrasco-Casado Alberto , Takenaka Hideki , Fujiwara Mikio , Kitamura Mitsuo , Sasaki Masahide , Toyoshima Morio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLaser communications from small satellite platforms empowers the establishment of quantum key distribution (QKD), relying on quantum superposition states of single photons to realize unconditional security between distant parties at a global scale. Although recent breakthrough experiments have demonstrated the feasibility of satellite-to-ground QKD links, the underlying statistical characteristics of quantum atmospheric channels have not been well-understood and experimentally verified in the literature. In this paper, we highlight that classical atmospheric statistical models can be applied for describing random fluctuations of the quantum channels. To verify this fact, we report a statistical verification study of quantum atmospheric channels from the world’s first low-Earth orbit (LEO) 50-kg-class microsatellite-to-ground quantum-limited communication experiment. The verified statistical model is then applied to numerically investigate the quantum bit-error rate (QBER) and secret-key length (SKL) of a decoy-state efficient Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) QKD protocol with optimized parameters considering finite-key effects, implemented over a LEO 6-unit (6U)-CubeSat-to-ground link. Important insights of the physical channel effects including pointing errors and atmospheric turbulence on the QBER and SKL are then revealed. Finally, we present a study using a deep-learning-based long short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network (RNN) for predicting photon-count fluctuations over quantum atmospheric channels.
Competition between the superconducting spin-valve effect and quasiparticle spin-decay in superconducting spin-valves
Authors: Stoddart-Stones B. , Montiel X. , Blamire M. G. , Robinson J. W. A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn a ferromagnet/normal metal/ferromagnet spin-valve, spin dependent scattering causes a difference in resistance between antiparallel (AP) and parallel (P) magnetization states. The resistance difference, ΔR = R(AP) − R(P) is positive due to increased scattering of majority and minority spin-electrons in the AP-state. If the normal metal is substituted for a superconductor, the superconducting spin-valve effect occurs: in the AP-state the net magnetic exchange field acting on the superconductor is lowered and the superconductivity is reinforced meaning R(AP) decreases. For current-perpendicular-to-plane spin-valves, existing experimental studies show that the normal state effect dominates (ΔR > 0) over the superconducting spin valve effect (ΔR < 0). Here however, we report a crossover from giant magnetoresistance (ΔR > 0) to the superconducting spin-valve effect (ΔR < 0) in current-perpendicular-to-plane ferromagnet/superconductor/ferromagnet spin-valves as the superconductor thickness decreases below a critical value.
Telepractice Evaluations With Children Who Are Deaf/Hard of Hearing: A Clinical Approach for Early Intervention Speech-Language Pathologists
Authors: Noss Emily , Sanderson Autumn 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:
With the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who specialize in working with children who are deaf/hard of hearing continued to provide diagnostic services to the birth-to-3 population. Families' needs for this type of service did not stop while “safer at home” orders were in place. In March 2020, the nation was shut down, and in-person services came to a screeching halt. The purpose of this clinical focus article is to outline the procedures adapted by our clinical team, which allowed our SLPs to continue to meet the needs of families when in-person services were not available. The value in these adaptations was meaningful and continues to aid our ability to better serve families who may not be candidates to physically attend clinical appointments.
The COVID-19 pandemic challenged clinicians to adapt initial evaluation services and led to many questions that needed to be answered to continue serving children with a newly diagnosed hearing loss. Several strategies for providing services to families during the early intervention years via telepractice will be discussed. The clinical approach to decision making and methods utilized by our providers and graduate student clinicians, including the virtual meeting platform, correspondence and preparation with the family, assessment protocols, clinical recommendations, and parent guidance/counseling resources, will be outlined.

Conclusions:
The success observed using this clinical approach to initial evaluations and telepractice is notable. This clinical note is an effort to distribute the process to other SLPs and is considered necessary. The successful adaptations implemented have allowed clinic provision for our birth-to-3 population to thrive. Despite several identified barriers, telepractice will continue to evolve and be a vital service delivery model in the future. This article describes the overall processes implemented for SLP diagnostics using the telepractice service delivery model.
Compact low‐cost W‐band large‐scale high‐gain circular‐aperture slot array antenna
Authors: Qi Shishan , Zhao Junjie , Wu Wen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBased on substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) antenna technology, a compact high‐gain slot array is proposed in this paper. The proposed antenna is suitable for designing circular aperture and large‐scale array in W‐band. A method of dividing the array into multiple sections is proposed, which provides a solution for widening the bandwidth of large‐scale SIW slot arrays. The proposed antenna is composed of the backside waveguide feeding network and the upper SIW array. A novel method of loading biased metal vias on SIW is proposed to realize unequal power distribution. And it makes the antenna array to be compact, low‐cost, and easy to manufacture. An antenna prototype is fabricated and measured. The measured bandwidth of the antenna array is 92.2–96.2 GHz within |S11|<−10 dB, and the measured maximum gain is 31.8 dBi at 94 GHz, which correspond to the radiation efficiency and aperture efficiency of 27.5% and 15.7%, respectively. The proposed antenna is an excellent candidate for millimetre‐wave radar applications.
Communication, sensing, computing and energy harvesting in smart cities
Authors: Liu Yusha , Yang Kun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA smart city provides diverse services based on real‐time data obtained from different devices deployed in urban areas. These devices are largely battery‐powered and widely placed. Therefore, providing continuous energy to these devices and ensuring their efficient sensing and communications are critical for the wide deployment of smart cities. To achieve frequent and effective data exchange, advanced enabling information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure is in urgent demand. An ideal network in future smart cities should be capable of sensing the physical environment and intelligently mapping the digital world. Therefore, in this paper, we propose design guidelines on how to integrate communications with sensing, computing and/or energy harvesting in the context of smart cities, aiming to offer research insights on developing integrated communications, sensing, computing and energy harvesting (ICSCE) for promoting the development ICT infrastructure in smart cities. To put these four pillars of smart cities together and to take advantage of ever‐increasing artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, the authors propose a promising AI‐enabled ICSCE architecture by leveraging the digital twin network. The proposed architecture models the physical deep neural network‐aided ICSCE system in a virtual space, where offline training is performed by using the collected real‐time data from the environment and physical devices.
KIC 6951642: A confirmed Kepler γ Doradus – δ Scuti star with intermediate to fast rotation in a possible single-lined binary system
Authors: Samadi-Ghadim A. , Lampens P. , Gizon L. 
Published: September 2022

Context. KIC 6951642 has been reported as a candidate hybrid pulsator of type-γ Doradus – δ Scuti from observations of the first quarters of the Kepler mission. The regular patterns seen in the Fourier spectra of the Kepler and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite TESS light curves and the sinusoidal modulation of its surface brightness suggest the additional presence of rotational modulation and stellar activity, respectively.
Aims. We aim to investigate the pulsating nature of KIC 6951642 and to search for the signature of rotation and/or activity in the light curves.
Methods. We performed an iterative frequency search of both Fourier spectra, and searched for regular patterns in them. We applied spectrum synthesis to determine the atmospheric stellar parameters. Since KIC 6951642 was reported to belong to a spectroscopic binary system, we fitted the time delays derived from the light curves with the radial velocities obtained from published as well as new spectra in an attempt to improve the quality of the first orbit.
Results. Follow-up spectroscopy showed that KIC 6951642 is a fast-rotating F0-type star in a possible single-lined binary with a period of ∼4.8 yr. In the low-frequency regime, we identified the frequencies of 0.721 d−1 as well as of 0.0087 d−1. We attribute the first frequency to stellar rotation, and the second one to stellar activity with a cycle of length of 3.2 yr. We also detected g modes, with the strongest mode located at 2.238 d−1, as well as three asymmetric multiplets (with a mean spacing of 0.675 ± 0.044 d−1). In the high-frequency regime, we detected frequencies of type-δ Scuti, with the strongest mode located at 13.96 d−1, as well as seven asymmetric multiplets (with a mean spacing of 0.665 ± 0.084 d−1). We subsequently identified a few more frequencies that appear to be combinations of a g or p mode and one of the higher cited frequencies not due to pulsations.
Conclusions. We propose that KIC 6951642 accomadates for a fast-rotating γ Dor – δ Sct hybrid star with various rotationally split multiplets of g and p modes and that it also displays a cycle lasting years of (possible) stellar activity.