bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of autophagy induces monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension by FOXM1-mediated FAK phosphorylation
Authors: Zhai Cui , Cao Meng , Zhang Nana , Wang Jian , zhang Qianqian , Zhu Yanting , Wang Qingting , Li Shaojun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Activation of autophagy induces the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and vascular remodeling in rats, and therefore improves the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the possible mechanisms underlying autophagy in PAH have not been completely understood. The aims of this study are to address these issues. Method: Rat models of PAH were induced by intraperitoneally injection of monocrotaline (MCT). The right ventricle systolic pressure (RVSP), right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI), percentage of medial wall thickness (%MT), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) staining and Ki67 staining were performed to evaluate the development of PAH. The protein levels of forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), phospho-FAK, and LC3B were determined by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. Results: FOXM1 protein level and the activation of FAK and autophagy were significantly increased in MCT-induced PAH rats. Pharmacological inhibition of FOXM1 and FAK suppressed MCT-induced autophagy activation, and reduced RVSP, RVHI and %MT, and ameliorated the proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells in MCT-induced PAH rats. Conclusion: FOXM1 induces the development of PAH by activation of FAK and consequent stimulating autophagy in MCT-treated rats.
Self-Densified 3 mm-Thick All-(ligno)Cellulose Nanofiber Panel
Authors: Kaffashsaei Elmira , Yousefi Hossein , Nishino Takashi , Matsumoto Takuya , Mashkour Mahdi , Madhoushi Mehrab 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
All-lignocellulose nanofiber panel (LCNF-P) and all-cellulose nanofiber panel (CNF-P) with a nominal thickness of 3 mm were fabricated without adhesive or additive. To provide comparison, lignocellulose microfiber panel (LCMF-P) and cellulose microfiber panel (CMF-P) were also made. The pastes of nano- and micro-fibers were first cold pressed then dried with a mild drying condition in a vacuum oven at 60°C. Although the nominal target density of panels was 1 g/cm3 and a very mild pressure of 0.002 MPa (created by four paper clips) was employed during drying, the density of nano-panels increased to 1.3 g/cm3 thanks to their self-densification capability, while the density of micro-panels obtained around 0.8 g/cm3. X-ray diffraction test confirmed the laminate structure of all panels and also showed that lignin-containing panels had a lower crystallinity and crystallite size than those obtained from bleached fibers. FTIR test showed that the amount of lignin and hemicellulose in LCNF-P and LCMF-P were higher than those of CNF-P and CMF-P. TGA analysis did not show a distinctive difference among the initial onset temperature of specimens (around 270°C) and at 500°C the nano-panels showed higher char content compared to those of micro-panels. Long-term water absorption and thickness swelling tests demonstrated that nano-panels had a higher dimensional stability and less water absorption compared to those of micro-panels. Both the flexural and tensile strengths of LCNF-P (108 and 118 MPa respectively) and those of CNF-P (103 and 126 MPa respectively) were considerably higher than those of micro-panels.
A Hybrid Iterated Greedy Algorithm for Job Shop Scheduling Problem
Authors: Zhao Shikui , Huang Lin , Han Qing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Aiming at the job shop scheduling problem (JSP), an iterated greedy hybrid algorithm is proposed to optimize the maximum completion time. In the sections of deconstruction and reconstruction of iterated greedy algorithm, any number of operations can be moved to realize the deconstruction and reconstruction of operation-level. When deconstructing, after removing multiple operations, the calculation method of the head and tail length of the partial scheduling based on adjacency matrix and topological sorting is studied. The corresponding directed graph model and adjacency matrix are updated, to solve the topological sorting based on the adjacency matrix, and then the head and tail length of the operations in the partial scheduling are calculated. In the reconstruction, multiple operations should be inserted into the existing partial scheduling. The reconstruction method is based on the insertion algorithm of constructing the initial scheduling, and each previously removed operation should be inserted in turn, which not only ensures the feasibility after inserting multiple operations, but also scientifically inserts operations with better strategies. In view of the strong local search ability of tabu search algorithm, the tabu search is used in the local search section of iterated greedy algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by testing international JSP benchmarks.
Digital Soil Mapping for the Parnaíba River Delta, Brazilian Semiarid Region
Authors: Amorim João Victor Alves , Valladares Gustavo Souza , Pereira Marcos Gervasio , Portela Mirya Grazielle Torres , Lima Andréa Maciel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Soil mapping is a permanent demand, but the traditional method does not allow fast execution and low cost. Digital soil mapping (DSM) aims to improve the process by working with models that treat soil spatial variability quantitatively. In this perspective, the objective of the study is to perform DSM of the Parnaíba River Delta, Northeastern Brazil, through the decision tree (DT) integration technique using a set of attributes derived from the digital elevation model (DEM) and satellite images as input parameters. Data matrices were created considering different soil groups. The performance of the J48 machine learning algorithm (DT) was assessed for a set of 2 data matrices. From the data processing, digital soil maps were created and validated by means of error matrices, whose reference points were classified in the field, and validated by means of a pre-existing traditional soil map of the area. The results revealed that the attributes derived from satellite image stood out from those derived from DEM in the prediction of soil groups. Based on the validation coefficients applied (overall accuracy, Kappa index, user’s accuracy and producer’s accuracy), the quality of the classification was satisfactory, despite the complexity of the environment.
The Rural Consumer Adoption of Sustainable Energy: A PLS-SEM-ANN Approach of Conceptual Model Development and Cross Country Validation of Pakistan and Malaysia
Authors: Yin Yip Chee , Ahmed Junaid , Nee Au Yong Hui , Hoe Oon Kam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sustainable and alternative energy sources of biofuel and solar power panel have been revolutionizing the lives and economy of many countries. However, these changes mainly occur in the urban areas and the rural population section has long been ignored by policy makers and government in the provision of energy. It is only recently that solar and biofuel are finally making in road to provide cheap and clean energy sources to rural population. As a result, literature on consumer behavior of rural population towards sustainable energy sources are still very scarce. The present research aims to fulfil this gap by developing a conceptual model to investigate the adoption of solar power and biofuel energy resources in the cross-cultural setting of Malaysia and Pakistan. The data was collected from the rural areas of Pakistan and Malaysia. The two-stage data analysis method of partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and artificial neural network (ANN) have been applied to satisfy both linear and non-linear regression assumption respectively. The results show that consumer in rural areas of Pakistan are willing and possess intention to adopt both biofuel and solar power for commercial and domestic use. Additionally, the results confirm that Branding, Economic and Altruistic factors are important in yielding intention to use towards biofuel and solar power panel in Pakistan which are validated by the results obtained in Malaysia. Other factors such as climate change awareness, retailer services quality and ease of use are also important. The results offer wide ranging theoretical and managerial implications.
Optimization of Deep Learning Model Using an Improved Three-term Conjugate Gradient Algorithm
Authors: Dada Ibidapo , Akinwale Adio , Osinuga Idowu , Olubiyi Moses 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study is to present a new type of optimization algorithm to train deep learning model. In other to achieve this, we used a convex combination method to combine the coefficients of Fletcher-Reeves (FR) and Polak-Ribiere-Polyak (PRP) on a three-term conjugate gradient method. This algorithm called Three-term PRP-FR Algorithm was implemented from scratch using python programming language alongside some existing optimizers. These optimizers were evaluated and compared based on the convergence of these optimizers using the accuracy results on the popularly known digit recognition dataset (MNIST dataset).
Conditional wealth to estimate association of wealth mobility with health and human capital in low- and middle-income country cohorts
Authors: Varghese Jithin Sam , Osmond Clive , Stein Aryeh D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Temporally harmonized asset indices allow the study of changes in relative wealth (mean, variance, social mobility) over time. Conditional measures are the unexplained residuals of an indicator regressed on its past values. Using such measures, previously used to study the relative importance of key life stages for anthropometric growth, we can identify specific life stages during which changes in relative wealth are important. We discuss the assumptions, strengths and limitations of this methodology as applied to relative wealth. We provide an illustrative example using a publicly-available longitudinal dataset and show how relative wealth changes at different life stages are differentially associated with body mass index in adulthood.
Comparison of Nutrition Screening Tools and Calf Circumference in Estimating the Preoperative Prevalence of Malnutrition Among Patients with Aerodigestive Tract Cancers- A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: srinivasaragha nivedhyaa , Venketeswaran Meenakshi V. , Balakrishnan Kalpana , Ramasamy Thendral , Ramakrishnan Aishwarya , Agarwal Ajit , Krishnamurthy Arvind 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
There is paucity of data on the prevalence of malnutrition among cancer patients in India and a brief tool to identify the same would be an asset. Our aim was to evaluate two nutrition screening tools and calf circumference (CC) with the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) consensus guidelines for malnutrition among patients with head and neck(H&N) and gastrointestinal(GI) cancers.
Methods
Nutritional evaluation was performed preoperatively using Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), Short Form of Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF) and Calf circumference (CC) in 206 patients. The diagnostic accuracy of these tools was compared with the ESPEN criteria for malnutrition. Patients evaluated were grouped as normal or malnourished. The incidence of infection, antibiotic days, antibiotic escalation and length of stay were compared among the groups. Clavien-Dindo score at discharge, 30-day readmission and mortality were also examined.
Results
28.6% were malnourished as per ESPEN criteria and 25.2% had CC less than the cut-off. With respect to ESPEN criteria, MUST and MNA-SF had 100% sensitivity and negative predictive value. CC had the highest specificity and positive predictive value for the total population (91.16%,75% respectively). The agreement between the tools was acceptable except in MNA-SF(MNA-SF-ESPEN κ = 0.228, MUST-ESPEN κ = 0.565, CC-ESPEN κ = 0.594). There was no difference in postoperative outcomes between the malnourished and normal.
Conclusion
Thus, more than a quarter of patients with H&N and GI cancers are malnourished preoperatively. As the best agreement between the screening tools was for MUST-ESPEN and CC-ESPEN, either of them can be used to identify malnutrition at admission
“Endothelial antibody factory” at the Blood Brain Barrier: novel approach to therapy of neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: thinard Renald , Farkas Attila , Halasa Marta , Chevalier Melanie , Brodaczewska Klaudia , Majewska Aleksandra , Zdanowski Robert , Paprocka Maria , Rossowska Joanna , Duc Lam , Greferath Ruth , Krizbai Istvan , Leuven Fred , Kieda Claudine , Nicolau Claude 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Phase III clinical trials of immunotherapies against Alzheimer’s disease have failed to hit major endpoints. Despite the high doses administered, small fractions of injected monoclonal antibodies cross the blood brain barrier (BBB), likely resulting in an antibody concentration in the brain parenchyma that is too low for a therapeutic effect. Here we report a novel approach to circumvent this obstacle. Leveraging the homing properties of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) to reach impaired BBB, we transfected ex vivo EPCs with vectors encoding anti-β-amyloid and anti-TDP-43 antibody fragments (Fabs). The expressed Fabs retained the ability to bind to, and extensively solubilize, β-amyloid and TDP-43 aggregates. Immunofluorescence studies showed that when injected into mice, the transfected EPCs homed to the BBB where they adhered, integrated, and expressed Fabs which localized in the brain parenchyma and perivascular space. This approach can be optimized and developed as a possible cell-based gene and immunotherapy.
Coding of Images in Long Term Memory: The Fate of Visual Memories across Weeks in Adults and Children
Authors: Goujon Annabelle , Thorpe Simon 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
What is the content and the format of visual memories in Long Term Memory (LTM)? Is it similar in adults and children? To address these issues, we investigated, in both adults and 9-year-old children, how visual LTM is affected over time and whether visual vs semantic features are affected differentially. In a learning phase, participants were exposed to hundreds of meaningless and meaningful images presented once or twice for either 120ms or 1920ms. Memory was assessed using a recognition task either immediately after learning or after a delay of three or six weeks. The results suggest that multiple and extended exposures are crucial for retaining an image for several weeks. Although a benefit was observed in the meaningful condition when memory was assessed immediately after learning, this benefit tended to disappear over weeks, especially when the images were presented twice for 1920ms. This pattern was observed for both adults and children. Together, the results call into question the dominant models of LTM for images: although semantic information enhances the encoding & maintaining of images in LTM when assessed immediately, this seems not critical for LTM over weeks.
Critical evaluation of some microbial contamination removal and inactivation methods for face masks
Authors: Salo Satu , Harlin Ali , Kulmala Ilpo , Kamppuri Taina , Saarimäki Eetta , Kiiskinen Titta 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Reusable face masks are one major protective measure in droplet infection, even the efficiency has been discussed in aerosol distribution and wide use in population. In epidemic and especially in pandemic condition security of supply is compromised due high and sudden consumption of protective devices. When production and storages of masks are not sufficient, the option is that the masks are cleaned and disinfected typically by washing. During the recent COVID crisis has been raised question whether single-use respirators could be decontaminated as well. This is a critical view on some low-tech methods and their efficiency. Because of last resort option ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control) encourage national public health authorities and groups studying such methods to share their results as soon as they become available. This paper is a report on studies of some simple decontamination effects and their efficiency.
Patients and Their Families' Perceptions of Living with Heart Disease: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Authors: Yasrebirad Maryam , Kermanshahi Sima Mohammadkhan , Eesa Mohammadi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to understand patients and their families about living with heart disease.
Method
This study was a qualitative content analysis study in hospitals in Karaj, Iran. Sixteen patients with heart disease were interviewed. Purposeful sampling method was used in this study. In order to collect data, unstructured interviews were conducted and data were analyzed based on five steps of Granheim and Lundman.
Results
Data analysis led to the formation of two main categories or themes: "perception of disorder and crisis in life" and "Patient and family abandonment in the care knowledge gap." Cardiac patients experience life-threatening disorders and crises following the disease as a feeling of "inability to control daily life” Which is accompanied by a feeling of physical disability and despair caused by lost physical strength As well as the "confrontation with a vague and disturbing future" which is accompanied by fear of imminent death, fear of disability and a sense of hopelessness for the future, They also experience financial harm and stress in the family as “financial inability to meet living and medical needs”, “unpaid expenses”, and “loss of financial resources”.. Patients and their families also perceive the feeling of being left in a care knowledge gap as "receiving insufficient knowledge of the disease and caring for it" and "facing neglect of family education in the health system." And "receiving insufficient knowledge" as "lack of knowledge about the disease" and "following the incorrect advice of others in self-care".
Conclusion
Heart patients and their families suffer from financial, physical, psychological and educational crises that have a very unpleasant effect on them and these crises are able to increase the physical and psychological pressures on patients many times over. Of course, sometimes physical disabilities are added to them with old age and complicate the problems. The findings show that there is an urgent need to adopt strategies that can effectively help the patient and her/his family in the face of these crises.
High Strength Chitin Nanocrystals/Alginate Filament Prepared by Wet-Spinning in “Green” Coagulating Bath
Authors: Zhang Jiaju , Hou Chengyu , Zhang Xuhui , Wang Yang , Li Ting , Xia Bihua , Jiang Jie , Dong Weifu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs) are an alternative biomaterial of remarkable mechanical stiffness, biocompatibility and sustainability. Wet-spinning is a convenient pathway to control alignment direction and give full play to the advantages of high strength of ChNCs. Herein, sodium alginate (SA) was added as thickener and cross-linking molecules to improve the gelation rate and orientation degree of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized carboxylated ChNCs in CaCl2 coagulating bath. The effects of additive amount of SA on the morphology and microstructure of wet-spun filaments were systematic studied. The optimized concentration of SA was 0.8%, and tensile strength and orientation degree of the corresponding filament were 261 MPa and 29.8%, respectively. The changes of optical properties and surface morphology during drying process were monitored via polarizing microscope. The addition of glycerinum and glucose had negative influence on the formation of hydrogen bonds between ChNCs, leading to the decrease of mechanical strength and suppressing the formation of wrinkles on the surface of filament. The stretching process could improve the mechanical strength but cause reduction of strain ratio. This bio-based composite filament with good biocompatibility had potential application in the field of biomedical.
Effectiveness of Periodontal intervention on the levels of N Terminal Pro Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Serum in Chronic Periodontitis patients
Authors: Fazal Ibrahim , Shetty Bhavya , Yadalam Umesh , Khan Safiya Fatima , Nambiar Manjusha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background- N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is an inactive hormone which is seen during inflammation and is a known biomarker of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Evidence suggests that periodontitis has a bidirectional relationship with CVD and NTProBNP has a potential role in periodontal disease. However, there is no evidence on the impact of Non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on the levels of NTProBNP in GCF and serum in patients with chronic periodontitis. Hence, the aim of this study was to compare the levels of NT-proBNP in GCF and serum in patients with Chronic generalized periodontitis before and after NSPT after 6 weeks. Methods: An interventional study was carried out in which GCF and serum samples was collected in 19 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis prior and post NSPT 45 days and the cumulative or reduction in values of NTProBNP in both parameters; GCF and serum was assessed. All subjects underwent nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) including complete SRP and subgingival debridement. NTProBNP levels in GCF and serum were determined by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: The concentrations of NTProBNP were significantly reduced in GCF and serum after NSPT. Statistically significant difference of BNP concentration between pre and post groups in GCF were apparent (p <0.0001) whereas statistically non-significant results in NTProBNP serum levels when compared at baseline to post-operative state with the mean of 61.77 (22.6 SD) pre operatively and 72.67 (51.86 SD) post operatively. (p-value = 0.0007) was observed. Conclusion: Significant reduction of NTProBNP concentrations in GCF and serum in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis subjected to non-surgical periodontal therapy was observed. This may account for a significant relation between periodontal disease, bacteremia and cardiovascular disease.
Ultrafiltration of Fucus vesiculosus extracts under different operating conditions
Authors: Costa Rui , Madeira Tiago , Marçal Catarina , Cardoso Susana M. , Gando-Ferreira Licínio 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The interest in separating and concentrating bioactives and minerals from seaweeds extracts is growing due to large health benefits of these substances. The aim of this study was to investigate the separation of components of Fucus vesiculosus seaweed extracts by tangential ultrafiltration and apply Hermia’s models adapted to crossflow ultrafiltration to understand the fouling mechanism. The influence of membrane cut-off varying from 5 to 150 kDa, crossflow velocity from 0.081 and 0.095 m/s and transmembrane pressure between 2 and 8 bar was studied. The present study revealed that the ultrafiltration membranes process was successful in clarifying and still delivering permeates with a high content in iodine. Clarification was almost completely achieved with 5 kDa polyethersulfone membrane, while the hydrophilic polyethersulfone membrane was not adequate to due to the high retention in iodine. Cake layer formation mathematical model was successfully used to the predict the permeate flux over time. There was evidence that cake layer is the fouling mechanism in the filtration of Fucus vesiculosus extracts, whatever the membrane crossflow velocity or transmembrane pressure, probably due to the high content of these extracts in alginates.