bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in Tripoli Children's Hospital, Libya
Authors: Abulgassem Intisar , BenRajab Faten 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCongenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) denotes a group of autosomal recessive disorders. Its clinical spectrum varies from classical CAH (CCAH) to nonclassic CAH. It may be a simple virilizing form or salt-wasting type. The study described the clinical presentation, treatment modalities, and sequelae of CAH, including its effect on patient growth during long-term follow-up. A case series study was conducted on patients with CAH who attended and followed up in the Endocrine Clinic in Tripoli Children's Hospital from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2018. The presentation and the last visit captured demographic and clinical features at the time of diagnosis, types of CAH (classical vs. nonclassical), investigations, treatment details, and height. All patients underwent biochemical testing and hormonal assay, including adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), and plasma renin activity (PRA) levels before and after treatment. Fifty-eight patients were included; 38 (65.5.2%) were female, age at presentation in 94.8% ranged between 1 day and 10 years, with a mean age of 2.3 ± 1.1 years. Ambiguous genitalia was the presenting feature in 55.2 and 84% of total and female patients, respectively. Salt wasting was present in 37.9%. Of 32 female patients with ambiguous genitalia, only 11 (34.4%) out of them and 19% of all patients had a surgical correction. The mean and standard deviation of height at diagnosis was 78.327 + 31.070, and the last visit after treatment was 108.345 + 31.781. The relation between the date of birth and height throughout follow-up for those at last visit with age ranges from 13 to 18 years old, their mean and standard deviation of height was 135.650 + 29.286, and for patients who were less than13 years at last visit, the mean and standard deviation of height was 101.079 + 32.121; p-value = 0.003. The Z-scores were calculated and showed that about eight patients were positively above the average mean of the population. Biochemical disturbances were improved after treatment, including sodium, potassium, and glucose in CCAH type; p-value < 0.001. Hormonal findings included levels of ACTH, 17-OHP, and PRA; all levels were reduced with treatment; p-value < 0.001. In this single-center series, most of our patients with biochemical and hormonal abnormalities were normalized with hormonal replacement and limited surgical correction of females with ambiguous genitalia.
Acute Kidney Injury and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Severe Pneumococcal Pneumonia—A Retrospective Analysis in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Kuok Chon In , Hsu Mei Lam Natalie , Lai Stephanie Hui Fung , Wong Kin Nam Karen , Chan Winnie Kwai Yu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in severe pediatric pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae and to identify factors associated with AKI and HUS in these patients.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed pediatric patients who were admitted to our pediatric intensive care unit due to severe pneumococcal pneumonia between 2013 and 2019.
Results: Forty-two patients with a median age of 4.3 years were included. Among these patients, 14 (33.3%) developed AKI, including seven (16.7%) stage 1, two (4.8%) stage 2, and five (11.9%) stage 3 AKI. Features of HUS were present in all of the patients with stage 3 AKI, and four required renal replacement therapy (RRT), with a median duration of 10.5 days (range 3 to 16 days). All patients with HUS required mechanical ventilation and inotropic supports. Patients with lower leukocyte and platelet counts, serum sodium and bicarbonate levels, positive urine dipstick (heme or protein ≥ 2 + ), and presence of bacteremia were associated with stage 2 and 3 AKI.
Conclusions: Pediatricians should be aware of the relatively high prevalence of kidney involvement in severe pneumococcal pneumonia, with one-third having AKI and 11.9% developing HUS. Majority (80%) of HUS patients required RRT. Positive urine dipstick, serum sodium, and bicarbonate at presentation, which can be measured in point-of-care tests, may potentially be useful as quick tests to stratify the risks of moderate-to-severe AKI.
The role of attachment in children’s relationships with pets: From pet care to animal harm
Authors: Wauthier Laura M. , Farnfield Steve , Williams Joanne M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRelatively little is known about how attachment influences children’s relationships to pets or mediates positive and negative interaction outcomes. We carried out in-depth interviews with 27 children, including nine children at high-risk for animal harm and 18 matched controls. We used the Child Attachment Play Assessment (CAPA), a drawing task and self-report measures including the Short Attachment to Pets Scale (SAPS) and Children’s Animal Harm Behaviours (CAHB). We also designed a novel measure, the ‘Pets In Children’s Attachment Stories’ (PICAS), to probe children’s mentalising about pets, caregiving-behaviours, comfort from pet and parental help. Children at high risk of animal harm were more likely to be classified as insecure (p = 0.002). Drawings indicated secure children tended to feel closer to mothers (p = 0.014) and siblings (p = 0.007), while pets’ proximity did not vary according to attachment strategy. Although insecure children scored lower on mentalising (p = 0.013), caregiving behaviour (p = 0.028) and parental help (p = 0.002), both groups similarly used pets as sources of comfort. There were no differences between attachment patterns on SAPS but there were differences for CAHB scores (p = 0.048). Thus, although insecure attachment was an important risk factor for harming animals, secure and insecure children had similar capacity for bonding with their pets. These results have implications both for how we treat cases of childhood animal harm and for how we understand the supportive role pets can play in children’s lives.
Functional unit of supergene in female-limited Batesian mimicry of Papilio polytes
Authors: Komata Shinya , Yoda Shinichi , KonDo Yûsuke , Shinozaki Souta , Tamai Kouki , Fujiwara Haruhiko 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Supergenes are sets of genes and genetic elements that are inherited like a single gene and control complex adaptive traits, but their functional roles and units are poorly understood. In Papilio polytes, female-limited Batesian mimicry is thought to be regulated by a ∼130 kb inversion region (highly diversified region: HDR) containing 3 genes, UXT, U3X, and doublesex (dsx) which switches non-mimetic and mimetic types. To determine the functional unit, we here performed electroporation-mediated RNAi analyses (and further Crispr/Cas9 for UXT) of genes within and flanking the HDR in pupal hindwings. We first clarified that non-mimetic dsx-h had a function to form the non-mimetic trait in female and only dsx-H isoform 3 had an important function in the formation of mimetic traits. Next, we found that UXT was involved in making mimetic-type pale-yellow spots and adjacent gene sir2 in making red spots in hindwings, both of which refine more elaborate mimicry. Furthermore, downstream gene networks of dsx, U3X, and UXT screened by RNA sequencing showed that U3X upregulated dsx-H expression and repressed UXT expression. These findings demonstrate that a set of multiple genes, not only inside but also flanking HDR, can function as supergene members, which extends the definition of supergene unit than we considered before. Also, our results indicate that dsx functions as the switching gene and some other genes such as UXT and sir2 within the supergene unit work as the modifier gene.
Selenium species transforming along soil–plant continuum and their beneficial roles for horticultural crops
Authors: Guo Qingxue , Ye Jianhui , Zeng Jianming , Chen Liang , Korpelainen Helena , Li Chunyang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSelenium (Se) acquirement from daily diet can help reduce the risk of many diseases. The edible parts of crop plants are the main source of dietary Se, while the Se content in crops is determined by Se bioavailability in soil. We summarize recent research on the biogeochemical cycle of Se driven by specific microorganisms and emphasize the oxidizing process in the Se cycle. Moreover, we discuss how plant root exudates and rhizosphere microorganisms affect soil Se availability. Finally, we cover beneficial microorganisms, including endophytes, that promote crop quality and improve crop tolerance to environmental stresses. Se availability to plants depends on the balance between adsorption and desorption, reduction, methylation and oxidation, which are determined by interactions among soil properties, microbial communities and plants. Reduction and methylation processes governed by bacteria or fungi lead to declined Se availability, while Se oxidation regulated by Se-oxidizing microorganisms increases Se availability to plants. Despite a much lower rate of Se oxidization compared to reduction and methylation, the potential roles of microbial communities in increasing Se bioavailability are probably largely underestimated. Enhancing Se oxidation and Se desorption are crucial for the promotion of Se bioavailability and uptake, particularly in Se-deficient soils. Beneficial roles of Se are reported in terms of improved crop growth and quality, and enhanced protection against fungal diseases and abiotic stress through improved photosynthetic traits, increased sugar and amino acid contents, and promoted defense systems. Understanding Se transformation along the plant–soil continuum is crucial for agricultural production and even for human health.
Home range and activity patterns of the Critically Endangered endemic pygmy raccoon of Cozumel Island, México
Authors: Lara-Godínez Sofía Ana Lucrecia , Valenzuela-Galván David , Cuarón Alfredo D 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIndividuals from island and continental mammal populations have shown a number of differences in their behavioral ecology. We predicted that, like other island carnivores exhibiting dwarfism, the pygmy raccoon (Procyon pygmaeus), a Critically Endangered carnivore endemic to Cozumel Island, México, would show differences in its home ranges and activity patterns when compared to its mainland counterpart, the racoon, P. lotor. We radio-tracked 11 individuals (six males, five females) from February to July 2017 and used location data derived from triangulation to estimate the home range size, diel activity patterns, and distances traveled of pygmy raccoons. Individuals showed an average home range size between 96.9 ± 18.8 ha (95% minimum convex polygon) and 123.3 ± 31.2 ha (95% fixed kernel). Home ranges of males (109.4–142.8 ha) were larger than those of females (81.8–99.9 ha). Average home ranges were in the lower extreme of those reported for continental raccoons. Activity patterns of pygmy raccoons generally begin at sunset and continue up to 04:00 with rare activity peaks during the day; there were no significant differences in activity patterns between sexes. Data on spatial needs of individuals, and differences between sexes or insular versus continental populations have implications for conservation planning and management.
Wenlin procedure for treatment of compound thoracic deformity after cardiac surgery
Authors: Wang Wenlin , Long Weiguang , Liu Yang , Cai Bin , Luo Juan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cardiac surgery is usually completed through the median sternotomy. If the sternum is not fixed firmly after the operation, it may lead to secondary thoracic deformities. The most common deformity after operation is pectus carinatum, and the relatively less common deformity is pectus excavatum, but the compound thoracic deformity has not been reported. We met a 3-year-old boy who underwent surgery for congenital ventricular septal defect at the age of 1. He developed a severe compound thoracic deformity after surgery. We used Wenlin procedure to correct his deformity and obtained satisfactory results. This article reports the operation of this patient.
Trotabresib, an oral potent bromodomain and extraterminal inhibitor, in patients with high-grade gliomas: A phase I, “window-of-opportunity” study
Authors: Moreno Victor , Manuel Sepúlveda Juan , Reardon David A , Pérez-Núñez Ángel , González León Pedro , Hanna Bishoy , Filvaroff Ellen , Aronchik Ida , Chang Henry , Amoroso Barbara , Zuraek Marlene , Sanchez-Perez Tania , Mendez Cristina , Stephens Daniel , Nikolova Zariana , Vogelbaum Michael A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
The bromodomain and extraterminal protein (BET) inhibitor trotabresib has demonstrated antitumor activity in patients with advanced solid tumors, including high-grade gliomas. CC-90010-GBM-001 (NCT04047303) is a phase I study investigating the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and CNS penetration of trotabresib in patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas scheduled for salvage resection.

Methods
Patients received trotabresib 30 mg/day on days 1–4 before surgery, followed by maintenance trotabresib 45 mg/day 4 days on/24 days off after surgery. Primary endpoints were plasma pharmacokinetics and trotabresib concentrations in resected tissue. Secondary and exploratory endpoints included safety, pharmacodynamics, and antitumor activity.

Results
Twenty patients received preoperative trotabresib and underwent resection with no delays or cancelations of surgery; 16 patients received maintenance trotabresib after recovery from surgery. Trotabresib plasma pharmacokinetics were consistent with previous data. Mean trotabresib brain tumor tissue:plasma ratio was 0.84 (estimated unbound partition coefficient [KPUU] 0.37), and modulation of pharmacodynamic markers was observed in blood and brain tumor tissue. Trotabresib was well tolerated; the most frequent grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse event during maintenance treatment was thrombocytopenia (5/16 patients). Six-month progression-free survival was 12%. Two patients remain on treatment with stable disease at cycles 25 and 30.

Conclusions
Trotabresib penetrates the blood–brain-tumor barrier in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma and demonstrates target engagement in resected tumor tissue. Plasma pharmacokinetics, blood pharmacodynamics, and safety were comparable with previous results for trotabresib in patients with advanced solid tumors. Investigation of adjuvant trotabresib + temozolomide and concomitant trotabresib + temozolomide + radiotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma is ongoing (NCT04324840).
Clinical Impact of Noninvasive Plasma Microbial Cell-Free Deoxyribonucleic Acid Sequencing for the Diagnosis and Management of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Foong Kap Sum , Mabayoje Mojolaoluwa , AlMajali Abeer 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We present 23 cases of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) diagnosed with commercially available noninvasive plasma microbial cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid (mcfDNA) assay. Our findings suggest that plasma mcfDNA testing resulted in positive clinical impact for the diagnosis and treatment of PCP and coinfections in 82.6% of cases.
Paley graphs and sárközy’s theorem in function fields
Authors: Naslund Eric 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sárközy’s theorem states that dense sets of integers must contain two elements whose difference is a kth power. Following the polynomial method breakthrough of Croot, Lev and Pach [3], Green proved a strong quantitative version of this result for $\mathbb{F}_{q}[T]$. In this paper we provide a lower bound for Sárközy’s theorem in function fields by adapting Ruzsa’s construction [17] for the analogous problem in $\mathbb{Z}$. We construct a set A of polynomials of degree &lt; n such that A does not contain a kth power difference with $|A|=q^{n-n/2k}$. Additionally, we prove a handful of results concerning the independence number of generalized Paley graphs, including a generalization of a claim of Ruzsa, which helps with understanding the limit of the method.
Evaluating a Digital Mental Health Intervention (Wysa) for Workers’ Compensation Claimants
Authors: Iglesias Marcos , Sinha Chaitali , Vempati Ramakant , Grace Sarah Elizabeth , Roy Madhavi , Chapman William C. , Rinaldi Monica Lynn 
Published: December 2022

Objective
This study examines the feasibility and acceptability of an AI-led digital mental health intervention in a Workers’ Compensation (WC) program, Wysa for Return to Work.

Methods
Self-reported demographic data and responses to psychosocial screening questions were analyzed alongside participants’ app usage through which four key outcomes were measured: recruitment rate, onboarding rate, retention, and engagement.

Results
The data demonstrated a high need for psychosocial interventions among injured workers, especially women, young adults, and those with high severity injuries. Those with more psychosocial risk factors had a higher rate of onboarding, retention, and engagement, and those with severe injuries had higher retention.

Conclusions
Our study concluded that Wysa for Return to Work, the AI-led digital mental health intervention that delivers a recovery program using a digital conversational agent, is feasible and acceptable for a return-to-work population.
A pathogen-induced putative NAC transcription factor mediates leaf rust resistance in barley
Authors: Chen Chunhong , Jost Matthias , Outram Megan A. , Friendship Dorian , Periyannan Sambasivam , Bartoš Jan , Holušová Kateřina , Zhang Peng , Bhatt Dhara , Singh Davinder , Lagudah Evans , Park Robert , Dracatos Peter 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLeaf rust, caused byPuccinia hordei, is one of the most widespread and damaging foliar diseases affecting barley (Hordeumspp.). The barley leaf rust resistance locusRph7, located on the short arm of chromosome 3H, confers defence at all growth stages and was previously shown to have unusually high sequence and haplotype divergence. Earlier, four candidate genes forRph7were reported and, despite an in-depth comparative sequence analysis and haplotypic characterisation, the causal gene could not be resolved. Here, we successfully clonedRph7utilising a fine mapping approach in combination with an RNA-Seq based expression analysis. We identified three up-regulated and pathogen-induced genes with presence/absence variation (PAV) at this locus. Sequence analysis of chemically inducedRph7knockout mutant lines identified multiple independent non-synonymous variants, including a premature stop codon in a single non-canonical resistance gene that encodes a 302-amino acid protein. Progeny from four independent transgenic lines segregated for the expected avirulentRph7infection type in response to several avirulentP. hordeipathotypes, however, all plants were susceptible to a single virulent pathotype confirming the specificity. Structural analysis using an AlphaFold2 protein model suggests thatRph7encodes a putative NAC transcription factor, as it shares structural similarity to ANAC019 fromArabidopsis, with a C-terminal BED domain. A global gene expression analysis suggestsRph7is involved in the activation of basal defence.
Uncertainty governance in the stock market during the COVID-19: evidence of the strictest economies in the world
Authors: Owjimehr Sakine , Hasanzadeh Dastfroosh Hooman 
Published: December 2022

PurposeAccording to the Government Response tracker (oxCGRT) index, the strictest policy responses to the coronavirus pandemic from January 2020 to May 2022 belong to Italy, China, Hong Kong, Greece, Austria, Peru, Singapore and Malaysia. The main question is: “this level of strictness has been able to reduce the uncertainty of the stock market?”Design/methodology/approachTo achieve this goal, the authors investigated the effect of oxCGRT index, and the growth rate of COVID-19 confirms cases on stock market uncertainty from January 2020 to May 2022 in the GARCH, EGARCH and TGARCH models.FindingsAmong these countries, the oxCGRT index has reduced uncertainty in the stock market only in Malaysia and Singapore. This result says an appropriate pattern of applying government policy responses is more important than the degree of stringency.Originality/valueThe study will contribute to the existing literature by examining the impact of the comprehensive oxCGRT index on the uncertainty of the stock market.
Who said there is no place like home? Extending the link between quantitative job demands and life satisfaction: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Şimşek Demirbağ Kübra , Demirbağ Orkun 
Published: December 2022

PurposeBased on the job demands and resources (JD-R) model and conservation of resources (COR) theory, this paper aims to develop and test a model that examines the moderating role of daily remote work hours and the mediating role of work–family conflict on the effects of excessive workload and time pressure on life satisfaction due to mandatory remote work arrangements.Design/methodology/approachHierarchical regression analysis was used to analyze data from 400 professionals working in the IT sector in Turkey. Scales developed by previous researchers were used to measure excessive workload, time pressure, work–family conflict and life satisfaction. While these four variables were measured with 19 statements, daily remote work hours were determined with a single question. The collected data were validated using confirmatory factor analysis, and the hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. Furthermore, the reliability and validity of the data were confirmed. Finally, PROCESS was applied to examine moderated mediation.FindingsAccording to the analysis results obtained from the above sample data, daily remote work hours moderate the mediating role of work–family conflict in the relationships between (1) excessive workload and life satisfaction and (2) time pressure and life satisfaction. In other words, the findings show that job-related demands arising from workload, time pressure and remote work hours prevent employees from meeting their family obligations, thereby increasing work–family conflict and ultimately affecting life satisfaction.Practical implicationsThe study can help employers, managers, human resource professionals, policymakers and researchers increase employees' life satisfaction due to the changes in job demands experienced by employees in companies that have transitioned to remote work practices. It can provide new approaches for dealing with dissatisfaction arising from work-related conflicts in Turkey's changing environment. The results can greatly facilitate the Turkish companies' efforts to create more innovative work arrangements and make an outstanding contribution to improving employee performance in Turkey's transition to remote work practices by focusing on reducing workload, time pressure and long working hours and creating employee-centered remote work models.Originality/valueAs per World Health Organization, the world will face frequent pandemic in the coming years, and thus organizations should be aware of remote work practices that will become widespread. This study provides a new perspective on the impact of employees' changing job demands on work–family conflict and life satisfaction during organizations' transition to new work arrangements in the face of the social crisis created by the COVID-19 pandemic. The study also contributes to closing the research gap between job demands, work–family conflict and life satisfaction.