bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To what extent does surrounding landscape explain stand-level occurrence of conservation-relevant species in fragmented boreal and hemi-boreal forest?–a systematic review protocol
Authors: Undin Malin , Atrena Anita , Carlsson Fredrik , Edman Mattias , Jonsson Bengt Gunnar , Sandström Jennie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundSilviculture and land-use change has reduced the amount of natural forest worldwide and left what remains confined to isolated fragments or stands. To understand processes governing species occurrence in such stands, much attention has been given to stand-level factors such as size, structure, and deadwood amount. However, the surrounding matrix will directly impact species dispersal and persistence, and the link between the surrounding landscape configuration, composition and history, and stand-level species occurrence has received insufficient attention. Thus, to facilitate optimisation of forest management and species conservation, we propose a review addressing ‘To what extent does surrounding landscape explain stand-level occurrence of conservation-relevant species in fragmented boreal and hemi-boreal forest?’.MethodsThe proposed systematic review will identify and synthesise relevant articles following the CEE guidelines for evidence synthesis and the ROSES standards. A search for peer-reviewed and grey literature will be conducted using four databases, two online search engines, and 36 specialist websites. Identified articles will be screened for eligibility in a two-step process; first on title and abstract, and second on the full text. Screening will be based on predefined eligibility criteria related to a PECO-model;populationbeing boreal and hemi-boreal forest,exposurebeing fragmentation,comparatorbeing landscapes with alternative composition, configuration, or history, andoutcomebeing occurrence (i.e., presence and/or abundance) of conservation-relevant species. All articles that pass the full-text screening will go through study validity assessment and data extraction, and be part of a narrative review. If enough studies prove comparable, quantitative meta-analyses will also be performed. The objective of the narrative review and the meta-analyses will be to address the primary question as well as six secondary questions, and to identify important knowledge gaps.
Whole-exome sequencing analysis identifies distinct mutational profile and novel prognostic biomarkers in primary gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Li Shan-Shan , Zhai Xiao-Hui , Liu Hai-Ling , Liu Ting-Zhi , Cao Tai-Yuan , Chen Dong-Mei , Xiao Le-Xin , Gan Xiao-Qin , Cheng Ke , Hong Wan-Jia , Huang Yan , Lian Yi-Fan , Xiao Jian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and about 10% of DLBCL cases primarily occur in the gastrointestinal tract. Previous reports have revealed that primary gastrointestinal-DLBCL (pGI-DLBCL) harbors different genetic mutations from other nodal or extranodal DLBCL. However, the exonic mutation profile of pGI-DLBCL has not been fully addressed.MethodsWe performed whole-exome sequencing of matched tumor tissues and blood samples from 53 pGI-DLBCL patients. The exonic mutation profiles were screened, and the correlations between genetic mutations and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed.ResultsA total of 6,588 protein-altering events were found and the five most frequent mutated genes in our pGI-DLBCL cohort wereIGLL5(47%),TP53(42%),BTG2(28%),P2RY8(26%) andPCLO(23%). Compared to the common DLBCL, significantly less or absence ofMYD88(0%),EZH2(0%),BCL2(2%) orCD79B(8%) mutations were identified in pGI-DLBCL. The recurrent potential driver genes were mainly enriched in pathways related to signal transduction, infectious disease and immune regulation. In addition, HBV infection had an impact on the mutational signature in pGI-DLBCL, as positive HBsAg was significantly associated with theTP53andLRP1Bmutations, two established tumor suppressor genes in many human cancers. Moreover,IGLL5andLRP1Bmutations were significantly correlated with patient overall survival and could serve as two novel prognostic biomarkers in pGI-DLBCL.ConclusionsOur study provides a comprehensive view of the exonic mutation profile of the largest pGI-DLBCL cohort to date. The results could facilitate the clinical development of novel therapeutic and prognostic biomarkers for pGI-DLBCL.
Underlying mechanisms in the relationship between stress and alcohol consumption in regular and risky drinkers (MESA): methods and design of a randomized laboratory study
Authors: Wittgens Charlotte , Muehlhan Markus , Kräplin Anja , Wolff Max , Trautmann Sebastian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Excessive alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorders (AUD) are among the leading preventable causes of premature morbidity and mortality and are considered a major public health concern. In order to reduce the individual and societal burden of excessive alcohol use, it is crucial to identify high-risk individuals at earlier stages and to provide effective interventions to prevent further progression. Stressful experiences are important risk factors for excessive alcohol consumption and AUDs. However, the underlying biological and psychological mechanisms are still poorly understood.

Methods
The project “Underlying mechanisms in the relationship between stress and alcohol consumption in regular and risky drinkers (MESA)” is a randomized controlled study that started in December 2018 and is conducted in a laboratory setting, which aims to identify moderators and mediators of the relationship between acute stress and alcohol consumption among regular and risky drinkers. Regular and risky drinkers are randomly assigned to a stress induction or a control condition. Several processes that may mediate (emotional distress, endocrine and autonomic stress reactivity, impulsivity, inhibitory control, motivational sensitization) or moderate (trait impulsivity, childhood maltreatment, basal HPA-axis activity) the relation between stress and alcohol consumption are investigated. As primary dependent variable, the motivation to consume alcohol following psychosocial stress is measured.

Discussion
The results of this study could help to provide valuable targets for future research on tailored interventions to prevent stress-related alcohol consumption.
Vaccination process evaluation at COVID-19 vaccination centers in Lebanon: a national study
Authors: Zeitoun Abeer , Hallit Souheil , Helali Maya , Chehade Sirine , Allam Carla , Ibrahim Aya , Dimassi Hani , Karam Rita 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Upon the authorization of COVID-19 vaccines worldwide, national and international standards were developed to help integrate mass COVID-19 immunization campaigns into the healthcare network. The primary objective is to evaluate the overall COVID-19 vaccination process through on-site visits to vaccination centers all over Lebanon to assess whether these are abiding by the national and international requirements for both Pfizer-BioNTech and AstraZeneca vaccines. The secondary objective is to explore whether the type of the facility, private versus governmental, and educational versus non-education, affects the vaccination process in these centers.

Methods
A convenient sample of 33 vaccination centers was selected from a list of all COVID-19 vaccination centers operating in Lebanon. Data were collected using a structured checklist developed following an extensive literature review of the national and international standards for Pfizer-BioNTech and AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines. A scoring system for the overall vaccination process was developed.

Results
Quality deficiencies were identified in several steps of the immunization process; however, the international standards were followed in most vaccination centers visited despite their limited resources. It was noticed that there were no significant differences between private and governmental, between educational and non-educational, and between Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccination centers; the 33 vaccination centers visited have scored above 75 on the entire process immunization against COVID-19 with P-values above 0.05 in all steps evaluated.

Conclusion
An optimization of the immunization process should be performed to ensure that the practice is within international standards. This can be done by conducting periodic vaccination center visits, implementing clear guidelines, training staff involved in the vaccination process, and ensuring continuous support of the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health.
Performance assessment of the landslide susceptibility modelling using the support vector machine, radial basis function network, and weight of evidence models in the N'fis river basin, Morocco
Authors: Naceur Hassan Ait , Abdo Hazem Ghassan , Igmoullan Brahim , Namous Mustapha , Almohamad Hussein , Al Dughairi Ahmed Abdullah , Al-Mutiry Motrih 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLandslides in mountainous areas are one of the most important natural hazards and potentially cause severe damage and loss of human life. In order to reduce this damage, it is essential to determine the potentially vulnerable sites. The objective of this study was to produce a landslide vulnerability map using the weight of evidence method (WoE), Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) for the N'fis basin located on the northern border of the Marrakech High Atlas, a mountainous area prone to landslides. Firstly, an inventory of historical landslides was carried out based on the interpretation of satellite images and field surveys. A total of 156 historical landslide events were mapped in the study area. 70% of the data from this inventory (110 events) was used for model training and the remaining 30% (46 events) for model validation. Next, fourteen thematic maps of landslide causative factors, including lithology, slope, elevation, profile curvature, slope aspect, distance to rivers, topographic moisture index (TWI), topographic position index (TPI), distance to faults, distance to roads, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), precipitation, land use/land cover (LULC), and soil type, were determined and created using the available spatial database. Finally, landslide susceptibility maps of the N'fis basin were produced using the three models: WoE, RBFN, and SVM. The results were validated using several statistical indices and a receiver operating characteristic curve. The AUC values for the SVM, RBFN, and WoE models were 94.37%, 93.68%, and 83.72%, respectively. Hence, we can conclude that the SVM and RBFN models have better predictive capabilities than the WoE model. The obtained susceptibility maps could be helpful to the local decision-makers for LULC planning and risk mitigation.
Prediction of cardiovascular events by central blood pressure using radial tonometry in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Kim Min-Sik , Cha Seon-Ah , Kim Gee-Hee 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
High blood pressure (BP) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are major causes of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and heart failure (HF). Central blood pressure (CBP) is more predictive of ASCVD than is brachial BP; however, an association of CBP with ASCVD has not been found in T2DM patients. We evaluated the impact of CBP and the association between optimal level of noninvasively measured CBP and office BP in T2DM patients based on composite outcome of ASCVD, HF, and complications of hypertension.

Methods
Patients were enrolled from June 2011 to December 2015 and were followed up through December 2019. CBP was measured using radial tonometry. The primary endpoints were composite outcome of ASCVD, HF, and hypertension-induced complications such as left ventricular hypertrophy, retinopathy, and proteinuria.

Results
During the 6.5-year follow-up period, 515 patients were enrolled in the study. A total of 92 patients (17.9%) developed primary endpoints. The mean age of subjects was 61.3 ± 12.1 years and 55% (n = 283) were male. Patients who developed primary endpoints were older (65.3 ± 9.5 years vs. 60.5 ± 12.4 years) and had lower high-density lipoprotein (36.6 ± 9.4 mg/dL vs. 41.8 ± 11.1 mg/dL), higher CBP (123.6 ± 20.6 mmHg vs. 118.0 ± 20.6 mmHg), and higher pulse pressure (61.3 ± 16.6 mmHg vs. 56.5 ± 15.1 mmHg) than subjects without primary endpoint development. After adjustment for various risk factors, CBP was an independent predictor for primary endpoints (hazard ratio, 1.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.27; P = 0.016). In addition, the association of CBP and primary endpoints showed a U-shaped curve with the lowest incidence at CBP 118 mmHg and systolic BP about 128 mmHg.

Conclusions
We show the importance of CBP measurements in T2DM patients and present a cutoff value for ASCVD events and hypertension-induced complications.
A standardized method to quantitatively analyze optical coherence tomography angiography images of the macular and peripapillary vessels
Authors: Mello Luiz Guilherme Marchesi , Rodrigues Neto Taurino dos Santos , da Silva Neto Epitácio Dias , Preti Rony Carlos , Monteiro Mário Luiz Ribeiro , Zacharias Leandro Cabral 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a relatively new non-invasive imaging technique to evaluate retinal vascular complexes. However, there is still a lack of standardization and reproducibility of its quantitative evaluation. Furthermore, manual analysis of a large amount of OCTA images makes the process laborious, with greater data variability, and risk of bias. Therefore, the aim of this study is to describe a fast and reproducible quantitative analysis of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), macular superficial and deep vascular complexes (mSVC and mDVC, respectively), and peripapillary superficial vascular complex (pSVC) in OCTA images.

Methods
We survey models and methods used for studying retinal microvasculature, and software packages used to quantify microvascular networks. These programs have provided researchers with invaluable tools, but we estimate that they have collectively achieved low adoption rates, possibly due to complexity for unfamiliar researchers and nonstandard sets of quantification metrics. To address these existing limitations, we discuss opportunities to improve effectiveness, affordability, and reproducibility of microvascular network quantification with the development of an automated method to analyze the vessels and better serve the current and future needs of microvascular research. OCTA images of the macula (10°x10°, 15°x15°, or 20°x20° centered on the fovea) and peripapillary area (15 × 15º centered on optic nerve head) were exported from the device and processed using the open-source software Fiji. The mSVC, mDVC, and pSVC were automatically analyzed regarding vascular density in the total area and four sectors (superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal). We also analyzed the FAZ regarding its area, perimeter, and circularity in the SVC and DVC images.

Results
We developed an automated model and discussed a step by step method to analyze vessel density and FAZ of the macular SVC and DVC, acquired with OCTA using different fields of view. We also developed an automated analysis of the peripapillary SVC.

Conclusion
Our developed automated analysis of macular and peripapillary OCTA images will allow a fast, reproducible, and precise quantification of SVC, DVC, and FAZ. It would also allow more accurate comparisons between different studies and streamlines the processing of images from multiple patients with a single command.
Which factors promote and prohibit successful implementation and normalization of a healthy school lunch program at primary schools in the Netherlands?
Authors: van Kleef Ellen , Dijkstra S. Coosje , Seidell Jaap , Vingerhoeds Monique H. , Polet Ilse A. , Zeinstra Gertrude G. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
A school provided healthy lunch might help to improve the nutritional quality of children’s lunches. However, in the Netherlands, school lunch programs are not common. The aim of this study was to identify factors that promote or inhibit the implementation of a school lunch program at primary schools, from the viewpoint of school professionals.

Methods
A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 204 primary school professionals. The normalization process theory and its four constructs (i.e. coherence, cognitive participation, collective action, reflective monitoring) were used to develop questions and interpret findings. Descriptive statistics were used for 14 multiple choice questions (yes, no, don’t know) and thematic content analysis for qualitative responses.

Results
Participants had a shared understanding about how a lunch program differed from current practices. Most participants had the same view on the rationale for implementation (coherence), such as equality among children. Sixty percent expected that a healthy school lunch will contribute to healthier eating by the children. Participants showed different degrees of cognitive participation (46% indicated that healthy school lunch is good idea). Commitment depended on their belief whether providing a healthy lunch was part of their responsibility as school and 30% expected a large effect on their daily work (collective action). When appraising school lunch implementation (reflective monitoring), participants’ concerns focused on feasibility and adaptability of a program in their own school.

Conclusions
The introduction of a school lunch program will require substantial effort, although there is considerable support and understanding about potential benefits. The findings point to a number of preconditions for large-scale introduction, including the need for support—both financially and organizationally—bottom-up involvement of teachers, children and parents and freedom to adapt the program.
Making shared decisions with older men selecting treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH): a pilot randomized trial
Authors: Ngu Haidee , Neo Shu Hui , Koh Eileen Yi Leng , Ho Henry , Tan Ngiap Chuan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Making high-quality decisions when selecting treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH) requires a shared decision-making approach. However, older people with lower health literacy face barriers. The pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of recruiting participants and evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-level intervention on decision quality for the treatment of LUTS/BPH.

Method
In this 2-arm, randomized controlled trial, multi-ethnic Asian men aged ≥ 50 years with moderate or severe symptoms (IPSS ≥ 8 and/or QOL ≥ 3) and physicians were recruited at a Singapore public primary care clinic. Men were randomized to either physicians trained in shared decision-making and used a pictorial patient-reported symptom score (Visual Analogue Uroflowmetry Score) during the consultation or to physicians untrained in shared decision-making who did not use the score. Decision quality was measured using SDMQ-9 scores from men and their physicians after the consultation.

Results
60 men (intervention [n = 30], control [n = 30]) receiving care from 22 physicians were recruited. Men’s mean age was 70 ± 9 years: 87% were Chinese, 40% had no formal education, and 32% were of lower socioeconomic status. No difference in decision quality from the men’s nor their physicians’ perspectives was noted [for men: mean score = 70.8 (SD 20.3) vs. 59.5 (SD 22.4); adjusted p = 0.352] [for physicians: mean score = 78.1 (SD 14.1) vs. 73.2 (SD 19.8); adjusted p > 0.999].

Conclusion
It was feasible to recruit the intended participants. There was no difference in decision quality between men who used shared decision-making and usual care for the treatment of LUTS/BPH.
Improving communication of the concept of 'treat-to target' in childhood lupus: a public and patient (PPI) engagement project involving children and young people
Authors: Elliott R. S. , Taylor E. , Ainsworth J. , Preston J. , Smith E. M. D. S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
A treat-to-target (T2T) approach, where treatment is escalated until a specific target is achieved, and re-escalated if the target is lost, has been proposed as a strategy to improve Childhood Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (cSLE) outcomes. Previous studies involving children and young people (CYP) have identified that the concept of T2T can be difficult to understand by CYP and their families. We aimed to explore the views of CYP participating in existing public and patient involvement (PPI) groups in relation to a proposed animation that is being developed to explain the concept of T2T to CYP who will be eligible for a future cSLE T2T trial.

Methods
An illustrated animation storyboard was developed on PowerPoint, to be used alongside a contemporaneous voiceover to simulate the animation for CYP participating in three existing CYP PPI groups (GenerationR, Lupus UK, and YOUR RHEUM). Mixed methods were used to generate CYP feedback on the resource, including on-line surveys and qualitative topic-guided discussion, noting CYP suggestions for improvement. Changes were made iteratively to the resources. Pre/post workshop questionnaires to assess the impact of the resource on their understanding of T2T were completed anonymously.

Results
40 CYP were consulted; 16/40 (40%) from GenerationR (median age 15-years [IQR 12–15]), 12/40 (30%) from Lupus UK (median age 27-years [IQR 22–30]), and 12/40 (30%) from YOUR RHEUM (median age 17-years [IQR 16–21]). 62% of respondents had an underlying rheumatic condition. Pre-workshop median participant understanding of T2T was 2/10 [IQR 1–4], on a 1–10 scale (1 = “no understanding at all”, 10 = “completely confident in my understanding”). After viewing the resource, participant understanding improved to a median of 9/10 [IQR 8–10], p < 0.0001). Overall, participants felt that the animation greatly improved their understanding of the concept of T2T, making several suggestions for improvement.

Conclusion
Involvement of CYP in research is crucial to help improve the design/delivery of studies, ensuring relevance to CYP and their families. This manuscript demonstrates the involvement of CYP in the development of an animation that will be integral to a future clinical trial, helping to describe the T2T approach in a comprehensible way to eligible CYP and their families, supporting study recruitment.