bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of CRM Method as a Business Strategy of Jangek Fauzi's Home Industry
Authors: Rizki Muhammad , Anggraeni Dewi , Akmal Akmal 
Published: April 2022

: Home Industry Jangek Fauzi Crackers is a home industry that produces jangek crackers, where the products will be marketed and sold in various places such as shops and stalls. Home Industry Crackers Jangek Fauzi continues to try to expand its target market outside the city. Ordering jangek crackers here is still done manually. To achieve its goal, Jangek Fauzi Cracker Home Industry needs a website. Currently at Home Industry Crackers Jangek Fauzi in making sales reports is still manual using the excel application so that the processing of sales report data is still slow and not detailed. Currently, Jangek Fauzi Crackers Home Industry does not have specific activities or strategies that handle marketing, product marketing is done conventionally by means of customers providing information about places, features and products to other potential customers. Dissemination of ineffective information makes customers not aware of the latest information on the Home Industry of Jangek Fauzi Crackers, thus influencing customers to switch to other factories. With a website using the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) method, the data storage process can be more accurate and neatly stored and the making of sales reports will be fast and timely and the delivery of promotional information will be faster and the response to sales will be faster.
SHEVCHENKO’S VISIONS OF THE IDEAL SOCIETY (BASED ON THE TRIPTYCH “PRAYER”)
Authors: Klochek Hryhorii 
Published: April 2022

The author offers the new interpretative version of reading Taras Shevchenko’s triptych “Prayer” (“Molytva”). Based on the memoirs, the process of creating the triptych is shown in detail. Taras Shevchenko created three variants of the poetry in sequence, and each one had the character of a prayer to God with requests to make life happier and social order fairer.
In order to trace the changes, which took place in the evolution of poetic meanings in each new piece of the triptych, to understand their logic and intention, all three poems were analyzed. The poet’s prayer concerns the process of shaping an ideal society on the basis of its internal harmonization. In the first two poems of the cycle, Shevchenko appealed to God with requests of punishment for the exploiters (‘tsars’ and ‘taverners’), and then in the third poetry, he abandoned such radicalism and asked to stop those who do evil things. He believed that social reconciliation could be achieved. The third poetry of the cycle is a complete, final version. We can assume that the previous two poems of the triptych are drafts that have survived thanks to Oleksandr Lazarevskyi, who wrote them down in “Bigger Book”. However, the presence of these “drafts” allows us to trace the creative process of forming a vision of a perfect, internally harmonized social order.
The pathos of the assertion of the universal harmony has acquired a special rise in the last poem of the triptych. The prayer sounded like a hymn glorifying the beauty of society in which social justice, diligence, and education of the people, high morality and love are harmoniously combined. The analysis revealed one of the facets of Taras Shevchenko’s ingenious intellectual insight into the essence of things and phenomena. Several days of literary work in May 1860 ended up with the creation of a prayer for the society of the future, the internal harmony of which is absolute.
Reproductive and contraceptive behavior and health of DSMU students
Authors: Kakvaeva S. S. , Magomedova M. A. , Murtuzalieva U. R. , Kutueva S. D. , Dzhalilova A. N. , Mekhtikhanova Z. A. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose of the study. To investigate the state of reproductive and contraceptive behavior and health of undergraduate female students of DSMU.Materials and methods. The study was conducted at Dagestan State Medical University in 2019–2021 using an anonymous questionnaire survey of 760 female students.Results. Students in our region quite confidently place health on the first place in the hierarchy of life values, but at the same time, as sociological research shows, they do not take proper measures to preserve and increase this capital. The first place in the structure of somatic pathology is occupied by diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. There is a downward trend in the birth rate among the young people of Dagestan.Conclusion. The peculiarities of the lifestyle of female students are hypodynamia and unhealthy eating habits. Health maintenance and disease prevention are chaotic.
RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI OF POTATO AND ITS MANAGEMENT: A REVIEW
Authors: Kiptoo Judith , Abbas Aqleem , Bhatti Ayesha Munawar , Usman Hafiz Muhammad , Shad Munsif Ali , Umer Muhammad , Atiq Muhammad Nauman , Alam Shariq Mahmood , Ateeq Muhammad , Khan Moman , Peris Nderitu Wangari , Razaq Zarafshan , Anwar Naureen , Iqbal Shehzad 
Published: April 2022

Potatoes are an annual and the most cultivated tuberous crop worldwide. Potatoes play an important role to fulfil the world’s basic food requirements because of enriched nutrients and delicious taste. Rhizoctonia solani is the most virulent and widely distributed soil-borne fungus that causes severe yield losses of potatoes globally. Several management practices have been adopted to overcome the yield losses inflicted by this fungus. Biocontrol agents play a significant role as mycoparasites and activate defense mechanisms through disease resistance genes to suppress pathogens. Compost is also applied as a soil amendment that increases soil fertility through the addition of organic matter in soil and nutrients uptake in organic form. Besides, it is a rich source of carbon and nitrogen which can address soil erosion, nutrients and organic matter depletion issues and restores soil fertility by adding organic matter and reducing the incidence of soil-borne pathogens in the soil. Biochar utilization in the agriculture sector is increasing day by day because of its great potential for disease suppression. Both biochar and compost are used commercially to improve plant growth and suppress potato diseases caused by R. solani. Therefore, in this review, we discussed the symptoms on potatoes, epidemiology and biological characteristics of R. solani and summarized to date control strategies mainly focusing on biological, chemical, biochar and compost approaches.
Risk Estimation for Infection in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Development and Validation of a Predictive Score
Authors: Liu Yuanhui , Wang Litao , Chen Pengyuan , Dai Yining , Lin Yaowang , Chen Wei , Xu Zhengrong , Zeng Lihuan , Fan Hualin , Xue Ling , Liu Simin , Chen Jiyan , Tan Ning , He Pengcheng , Duan Chongyang 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundInfection during hospitalization is a serious complication among patients who suffered from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); however, there are no suitable and accurate means to assess risk. This study aimed to develop and validate a simple scoring system to predict post-AMI infection in such patients.MethodsAll patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing PCI consecutively enrolled from January 2010 to May 2016 were served as derivation cohort, and those from June 2016 to May 2018 as validation cohort, respectively. The primary endpoint was post-AMI infection during hospitalization, and all-cause death and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were considered as secondary endpoints. The simplified risk model was established using logistic regression. The area under the receiver operating curve and calibration of predicted and observed infection risk were calculated.ResultsA 24-point risk score was developed, with infection risk ranging from 0.7 to 99.6% for patients with the lowest and highest score. Seven variables including age, Killip classification, insulin use, white blood cell count, serum albumin, diuretic use, and transfemoral approach were included. This model achieved the same high discrimination in the development and validation cohort (C-statistic:0.851) and revealed adequate calibration in both datasets. The incidences of post-AMI infection increased steadily across risk score groups in both development (1.3, 5.1, 26.3, and 69.1%; P &lt; 0.001) and validation (1.8, 5.9, 27.2, and 79.2%; P &lt; 0.001) cohort. Moreover, the risk score demonstrated good performance for infection, in-hospital all-cause death, and MACE among these patients, as well as in patients with the non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome.ConclusionThis present risk score established a simple bedside tool to estimate the risk of developing infection and other in-hospital outcomes in patients with STEMI undergoing PCI. Clinicians can use this risk score to evaluate the infection risk and subsequently make evidence-based decisions.
Causative Classification of Ischemic Stroke by the Machine Learning Algorithm Random Forests
Authors: Wang Jianan , Gong Xiaoxian , Chen Hongfang , Zhong Wansi , Chen Yi , Zhou Ying , Zhang Wenhua , He Yaode , Lou Min 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPrognosis, recurrence rate, and secondary prevention strategies differ by different etiologies in acute ischemic stroke. However, identifying its cause is challenging.ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop a model to identify the cause of stroke using machine learning (ML) methods and test its accuracy.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the data of patients who had determined etiology defined by the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) from CASE-II (NCT04487340) to train and evaluate six ML models, namely, Random Forests (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Ada Boosting, Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), for the detection of cardioembolism (CE), large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA), and small-artery occlusion (SAO). Between October 2016 and April 2020, patients were enrolled consecutively for algorithm development (phase one). Between June 2020 and December 2020, patients were enrolled consecutively in a test set for algorithm test (phase two). Area under the curve (AUC), precision, recall, accuracy, and F1 score were calculated for the prediction model.ResultsFinally, a total of 18,209 patients were enrolled in phase one, including 13,590 patients (i.e., 6,089 CE, 4,539 LAA, and 2,962 SAO) in the model, and a total of 3,688 patients were enrolled in phase two, including 3,070 patients (i.e., 1,103 CE, 1,269 LAA, and 698 SAO) in the model. Among the six models, the best models were RF, XGBoost, and GBM, and we chose the RF model as our final model. Based on the test set, the AUC values of the RF model to predict CE, LAA, and SAO were 0.981 (95%CI, 0.978–0.986), 0.919 (95%CI, 0.911–0.928), and 0.918 (95%CI, 0.908–0.927), respectively. The most important items to identify CE, LAA, and SAO were atrial fibrillation and degree of stenosis of intracranial arteries.ConclusionThe proposed RF model could be a useful diagnostic tool to help neurologists categorize etiologies of stroke.Clinical Trial Registration[www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT01274117].
Histopathologic Characterization and Neurodegenerative Markers in Patients With Limbic Encephalitis Undergoing Epilepsy Surgery
Authors: Rácz Attila , Hummel Chiara A. , Becker Albert , Helmstaedter Christoph , Schuch Fabiane , Baumgartner Tobias , von Wrede Randi , Borger Valeri , Solymosi László , Surges Rainer , Elger Christian E. 
Published: April 2022

PurposeLimbic encephalitis is an increasingly recognized cause of medial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) and associated cognitive deficits, potentially resulting in hippocampal sclerosis (HS). For several reasons, these patients usually do not undergo epilepsy surgery. Thus, histopathologic examinations in surgical specimens of clearly diagnosed limbic encephalitis are scarce. The purpose of this study was a detailed histopathologic analysis of surgical tissue alterations, including neurodegenerative markers, in patients with limbic encephalitis undergoing epilepsy surgery.MethodsWe investigated the surgical specimens of six patients operated on with mTLE related to limbic encephalitis (among them four patients were with GAD65 and one with Ma1/2 antibodies), and compared the findings to a control group with six patients matched according to age at the time of surgery without limbic encephalitis and without early inciting events.ResultsHistopathologic analysis in the group with limbic encephalitis revealed HS in four patients, while three of them also displayed signs of an active inflammatory reaction with lymphocytes. In one of the patients with GAD65-encephalitis who was suffering from a late-onset mTLE and a long disease course, neurodegenerative protein markers (β-amyloid and hyperphosphorylated tau) were found coexisting with inflammatory reactions and HS. Investigations in the control group did not reveal any inflammatory reaction or neurodegenerative marker.ConclusionOur findings suggest a possible link between long-lasting immune reactions in the medial temporal lobe, HS, and further toward the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Presently, however, a causal relationship between these entities cannot yet be established. Furthermore, our results suggest that an immunological etiology should always be considered in late onset (&gt; 18 years) mTLE, also in cases of long disease duration and the presence of HS.
Association of Red Meat Consumption, Metabolic Markers, and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Pan Lang , Chen Lu , Lv Jun , Pang Yuanjie , Guo Yu , Pei Pei , Du Huaidong , Yang Ling , Millwood Iona Y. , Walters Robin G. , Chen Yiping , Hua Yujie , Sohoni Rajani , Sansome Sam , Chen Junshi , Yu Canqing , Chen Zhengming , Li Liming 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveThe metabolic mechanism of harmful effects of red meat on the cardiovascular system is still unclear. The objective of the present study is to investigate the associations of self-reported red meat consumption with plasma metabolic markers, and of these markers with the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD).MethodsPlasma samples of 4,778 participants (3,401 CVD cases and 1,377 controls) aged 30–79 selected from a nested case-control study based on the China Kadoorie Biobank were analyzed by using targeted nuclear magnetic resonance to quantify 225 metabolites or derived traits. Linear regression was conducted to evaluate the effects of self-reported red meat consumption on metabolic markers, which were further compared with the effects of these markers on CVD risk assessed by logistic regression.ResultsOut of 225 metabolites, 46 were associated with red meat consumption. Positive associations were observed for intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL), small high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and all sizes of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Cholesterols, phospholipids, and apolipoproteins within various lipoproteins, as well as fatty acids, total choline, and total phosphoglycerides, were also positively associated with red meat consumption. Meanwhile, 29 out of 46 markers were associated with CVD risk. In general, the associations of metabolic markers with red meat consumption and of metabolic markers with CVD risk showed consistent direction.ConclusionsIn the Chinese population, red meat consumption is associated with several metabolic markers, which may partially explain the harmful effect of red meat consumption on CVD.
Associations Between Fitness, Physical Activity, and Fatness in Preschool Children With Typical and Atypical Motor Coordination
Authors: Keating Shelley E. , Mielke Gregore I. , King-Dowling Sara , Timmons Brian W. , Kwan Matthew , Cairney John 
Published: April 2022

PurposeIncreased adiposity in children confers a higher risk of cardiovascular disease in later life, with low cardiorespiratory fitness strongly linked to poorer metabolic health. Children with motor coordination problems are likely to be less physically fit and at a higher risk of obesity. In this study, we examined the associations between aerobic and anaerobic fitness, device-measured physical activity, and body adiposity in children (aged 4–5 years) with typical and atypical motor coordination.MethodsBaseline data from the Coordination and Activity Tracking in CHildren (CATCH) cohort study were utilised. The assessments included aerobic and anaerobic fitness via time-to-exhaustion on Bruce treadmill test and normalised mean power on Wingate cycling test, respectively; light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sedentary time via accelerometry; and body adiposity (%) via bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition (MABC-2) was used to assess motor coordination and classify children as typically developing (TD, &gt;16th percentile) or at risk of developmental coordination disorder (DCD, ≤16th percentile). General linear regression models were fitted to examine associations.ResultsThe analyses included 495 participants (5.0 ± 0.6 years, 56% male, and body adiposity 22.7 ± 4.2%). Aerobic fitness (β = −0.006, p &lt; 0.001) and MVPA (β = −0.018, p = 0.045) were negatively associated with body adiposity when adjusted for age, sex, and MABC-2 score. There was no relationship between sedentary time and body adiposity. There were no interactions of sex or MABC-2 score with any variable.ConclusionLower aerobic fitness and MVPA were associated with higher body adiposity in preschoolers, regardless of motor coordination. Interventions targetting improved aerobic fitness and MVPA are therefore warranted in both TD and atypically developing preschoolers. Whether maintaining high aerobic fitness in children with possible DCD confers protection against obesity requires longitudinal investigation.
What Is the Relationship Between Body Mass Index, Sex Hormones, Leptin, and Irisin in Children and Adolescents? A Path Analysis
Authors: Zhang Li , Peng Xingwang , Wang Yuanyuan , Cao Ruiyao , Zhang Zizhe , Fu Lianguo 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveThe present research aimed to study the relationship between body mass index (BMI), sex hormones, leptin, and irisin in children and adolescents with different body types.MethodsIn this study, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select students aged 8-15 years from two 9-year schools as the research subjects. Based on a case-control study, 183 overweight/obese students were selected. After using sex and age matching to create a matched sample of normal-weighted students, a total of 366 students, including 214 boys (58.5%) and 152 girls (41.5%) were included. We measured their height and weight and calculated their body mass index BMI. Afterward, their concentrations of leptin, irisin, oestradiol (E2), and testosterone (T) in the serum were detected.ResultsThere were significant differences in T, E2, leptin, and irisin between normal-weighted boys and girls (p &lt; 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in T, E2, and irisin between overweight/obese boys and girls (p &lt; 0.05). Overweight/obese students had higher concentrations of irisin and leptin than normal-weight students (p &lt; 0.05). The direct effect of BMI on irisin was not statistically significant in either normal or overweight/obese students, but their indirect effects via leptin were statistically significant (for normal-weight boys and girls, standardized indirect effect coefficient: 0.29 and 0.38, respectively; for overweight/obese boys and girls, standardized indirect effect coefficient: 0.36 and 0.34, respectively). There was a negative pathway of E2 → leptin → irisin in normal-weight boys (standardized indirect effect coefficient: −0.24) and a negative pathway of T → leptin → irisin in overweight/obese boys (standardized indirect effect coefficient: −0.27).ConclusionThe indirect effects of BMI on irisin via leptin exist in children and adolescents of different body types. E2 was negatively correlated with leptin in normal-weight boys, whereas T was negatively correlated with leptin in overweight/obese boys.
Mitigating Disputes Originated by Multiple Discordant Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: A Survey of Methodologists and Clinicians
Authors: Puljak Livia , Parmelli Elena , Capobussi Matteo , Gonzalez-Lorenzo Marien , Squizzato Alessandro , Moja Lorenzo , Riva Nicoletta 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundOverlapping systematic reviews (SRs) are increasingly frequent in the medical literature. They can easily generate discordant evidence, as estimates of effect sizes and their interpretation might differ from one source to another.ObjectiveTo analyze how methodologists and clinicians make a decision when faced with discordant evidence formalized in structured tables.MethodsWe conducted a 16-item survey exploring how methodologists and clinicians would react when presented with multiple Summary of Findings (SoF) tables (generated using the GRADE tool) derived from 4 overlapping and discordant SRs and meta-analyses on thrombolytic therapy for intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism. SoF tables reported 4 different magnitudes of effects and overall certainty. Participants were asked to provide their recommendations regarding the intervention and the reasons behind their conclusion.ResultsOf the 80 invitees, 41 (51%) participated. The majority described themselves as “somewhat familiar” or experts with SoF tables. The majority recommended the therapy (pharmacological systemic thrombolysis), grading the recommendation as weak positive. Certainty of evidence and benefit-risk balance were the two criteria that prevailed in generating the recommendation. When faced with overlapping meta-analyses, the preferred approach was to use only high-quality SRs and exclude redundant SRs. Several participants suggested integrating the SoF tables with additional information, such as a more comprehensive evaluation of the risk of bias of systematic reviews (71%), heterogeneity/inconsistency (68%) and studies included within each SR (62%).ConclusionWhen faced with multiple controversial SR results, the type and completeness of reported information in SoF tables affect experts' ability to make recommendations. Developers of the SoF table should consider collating key information from overlapping and potentially discordant reviews.