bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Accelerated Compressed‐Sensing 4D Flow for Intracardiac Flow Assessment
Authors: Varga‐Szemes Akos , Halfmann Moritz , Schoepf U. Joseph , Jin Ning , Kilburg Anton , Dargis Danielle M. , Düber Christoph , Ese Amir , Aquino Gilberto , Xiong Fei , Kreitner Karl‐Friedrich , Markl Michael , Emrich Tilman 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundFour‐dimensional (4D) flow MRI allows for the quantification of complex flow patterns; however, its clinical use is limited by its inherently long acquisition time. Compressed sensing (CS) is an acceleration technique that provides substantial reduction in acquisition time.PurposeTo compare intracardiac flow measurements between conventional and CS‐based highly accelerated 4D flow acquisitions.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsFifty healthy volunteers (28.0 ± 7.1 years, 24 males).Field Strength/SequenceWhole heart time‐resolved 3D gradient echo with three‐directional velocity encoding (4D flow) with conventional parallel imaging (factor 3) as well as CS (factor 7.7) acceleration at 3 T.Assessment4D flow MRI data were postprocessed by applying a valve tracking algorithm. Acquisition times, flow volumes (mL/cycle) and diastolic function parameters (ratio of early to late diastolic left ventricular peak velocities [E/A] and ratio of early mitral inflow velocity to mitral annular early diastolic velocity [E/e′]) were quantified by two readers.Statistical TestsPaired‐samples t‐test and Wilcoxon rank sum test to compare measurements. Pearson correlation coefficient (r), Bland–Altman‐analysis (BA) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to evaluate agreement between techniques and readers. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsA significant improvement in acquisition time was observed using CS vs. conventional accelerated acquisition (6.7 ± 1.3 vs. 12.0 ± 1.3 min). Net forward flow measurements for all valves showed good correlation (r > 0.81) and agreement (ICCs > 0.89) between conventional and CS acceleration, with 3.3%–8.3% underestimation by the CS technique. Evaluation of diastolic function showed 3.2%–17.6% error: E/A 2.2 [1.9–2.4] (conventional) vs. 2.3 [2.0–2.6] (CS), BA bias 0.08 [−0.81–0.96], ICC 0.82; and E/e′ 4.6 [3.9–5.4] (conventional) vs. 3.8 [3.4–4.3] (CS), BA bias −0.90 [−2.31–0.50], ICC 0.89.Data ConclusionAnalysis of intracardiac flow patterns and evaluation of diastolic function using a highly accelerated 4D flow sequence prototype is feasible, but it shows underestimation of flow measurements by approximately 10%.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 1
The benefits of a mindfulness program for university students: A qualitative exploration on intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships
Authors: Altinyelken Hülya Kosar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study explores the perceived benefits of a mindfulness program for university students, focusing on changes in their intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships. The findings underscore increased self‐compassion and self‐care and diminished levels of self‐judgement. Mindfulness programs could be incorporated into counseling services in higher education to improve students’ well‐being.
MAVRIC based T2 mapping assessment of infrapatellar fat pad scarring in patients with total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Sacher Sara E. , Neri John P. , Gao Madeleine A. , Argentieri Erin C. , Potter Hollis G. , Koch Kevin M. , Koff Matthew F. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) has been implicated as a source of postoperative knee pain. Imaging the IPFP is challenging in patients with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) due to metallic susceptibility artifact. Multi‐Acquisition Variable‐Resonance Image Combination (MAVRIC)‐based T2 Mapping has been developed to mitigate this artifact and can generate quantitative T2 data. Objectives of this study were to (1) measure T2 values of the IPFP in patients with TKAs using a MAVRIC based T2 mapping technique and (2) determine if IPFP T2 values are related to the degree of fat pad scarring or clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Twenty‐eight subjects (10 males, 18 females, Age: 66 + 7.2 years [Mean ± standard deviations]) undergoing clinical MRIs were sequentially recruited. Morphological imaging and quantitative T2 mapping sequences were performed on a clinical 1.5 T scanner. The morphologic images were graded for the presence and severity of fat pad scarring and clinical outcomes. T2 values were calculated in the total fat pad volume, a normal regions of interest (ROI), and an abnormal ROI. T2 values were shortened in the total IPFP volume (p = 0.001) and within abnormal regions (p = 0.003) in subjects with more severe IPFP scarring. The difference between T2 values in normal−abnormal regions was greater in subjects with severe versus no scarring (+1426.1%, p = 0.008). T2 values were elevated in patients with MRI findings of osteolysis (+32.3%, p = 0.02). These findings indicate that MAVRIC‐based T2 Mapping may be used as a quantitative biomarker of postoperative IPFP scarring in individuals following TKA.
Digital transformation, banking stability, and financial inclusion inSub‐SaharanAfrica
Authors: Sodokin Koffi , Koriko Moubarak , Lawson Dzidzogbé Hechely , Couchoro Mawuli K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article highlights the effects of Digital Transformation as a General Purpose Technology and bank stability on banking inclusion and thus on financial inclusion in Sub‐Saharan African countries. We use simultaneous panel model estimates covering 36 Sub‐Saharan African countries from 2004 to 2017. The results show positive and significant effects of digital transformation as general purpose technology and bank stability on financial inclusion. The results show also that the effect of digital transformation on financial inclusion is more substantial when the banking sector is stable.
The next step: Replacing step 1 as a metric for residency application
Authors: Berk Garrett A. , Ho Tiffany D. , Stack‐Pyle Taylor J. , Zeatoun Abdullah , Kong Keonho A. , Chaskes Mark B. , Thorp Brian D. , Ebert Charles S. , DeMason Christine E. , Kimple Adam J. , Senior Brent A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveAs of January 2022, USMLE Step 1 scores are reported as pass/fail. Historically, Step 1 scores have been a critical component of residency applications, representing one of the few metrics standardized across all applicants independent of the school they attended. In competitive specialties, such as otolaryngology, programs routinely get 100+ applicants for each residency spot and use Step 1 as a screening tool. This study seeks to assess quantifiable metrics in the application that highly competitive residency programs could use for screening in place of Step 1 scores.MethodsOtolaryngology applications to an academic medical center for the 2019–20 and 2020–21 ERAS cycles were reviewed. Board scores and quantitative research data were extracted. The relationships between Step 1 score and the other metrics were examined by computing Pearson's correlation coefficients and building regression models. Similar analyses were done separately for three different score tiers defined by Step 1 cutoffs at 220 points and 250 points.ResultsStep 2 score was the only variable that had meaningful correlation with Step 1 score (R = .67, p < 2.2e−16). No other objective metric such as journal articles, posters, or oral presentations correlated with Step 1 scores.ConclusionStep 1 scores were moderately correlated with Step 2 scores; however, using a Step 2 cutoff instead of a Step 1 cutoff would identify a different cohort of applicants for interview. No other quantifiable application metric had a positive correlation. In future match cycles, highly competitive residency programs will need to adopt new methods to screen candidates.Level of Evidence: Level 3.
Modulation of Valley Dynamics in Hybrid H/T Phase Monolayer WSe2
Authors: Liu Haiyang , Zheng Xuanli , Liu Gaohong , Yin Jun , Ke Congming , Yang Weihuang , Wu Yaping , Wu Zhiming , Li Xu , Zhang Chunmiao , Xu Feiya , Kang Junyong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTwo unequal K and K' valleys in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) enable large and controllable polarization, which is the cornerstone of emerging valleytronic applications. Here, a phase engineering strategy aided by resonant plasmonic coupling is proposed to manipulate the valley degree of freedom. Compared with the pristine WSe2 monolayer, the hybrid H/T phase WSe2 exhibits an enhanced degrees of circular polarization (DCP) and valley polarization (DVP). As further aided by the designed Au plasmonic array, the T phase facilitates the excitons process and promotes the charge transfer in WSe2/Au interface under the plasmonic‐enhanced electromagnetic field. Consequently, both the DCP and DVP values are considerably enhanced to 38.5% (15.6%) and 15.1% (7.6%) at 13 K (room temperature), respectively. Through finite difference time domain simulations (FDTD), the near‐field excitation, exciton decay, and far‐field detection processes are systematically analyzed, and highly consistent polarizations are quantitatively achieved between the theoretical and the experimental results. Accordingly, the high polarizations are revealed to be contributed by the increased exciton generation and radiation efficiency, chiral electromagnetic field, and non‐equilibrium spin distribution in the hybrid phase. The research presented here illustrates a promising route to control the spin and valley degrees of freedom in TMDC materials.
Active Manipulation of Luminescent Dynamics via Au NPs‐CsPbBr3 Interfacial Engineering
Authors: Zhu Yizhi , Guo Heng , Cui Qiannan , Chen Jinping , Li Zhuxin , Lu Junfeng , Lu Tien‐Chang , Peng Zhengchun , Xu Chunxiang , Pan Caofeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractManipulating photocarrier dynamics for luminescent materials is fundamentally important for steering luminescent properties of optoelectronic devices. Here, interfacial engineering is realized by constructing Au NPs‐CsPbBr3 interfaces toward resonant coupling between localized surface plasmon and exciton. Through ultrafast laser spectroscopic measurements, it is demonstrated that photoluminance originating from CsPbBr3 excitonic recombination is significantly enhanced at the interface with prolonged lifetimes. Interfacial photocarrier dynamics are mediated by plasmon‐induced hot electron transfer (PHET) and plasmon‐induced resonant energy transfer (PIRET) processes. By simply varying excitation laser wavelengths, PHET path of photocarriers is actively switched on and off. The results are of great significance for actively manipulating photocarrier dynamics of perovskite luminescent devices.
An overview of cdc2‐like kinase 1 (Clk1) inhibitors and their therapeutic indications
Authors: ElHady Ahmed K. , El‐Gamil Dalia S. , Abadi Ashraf H. , Abdel‐Halim Mohammad , Engel Matthias 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOver the past decade, Clk1 has been identified as a promising target for the treatment of various diseases, in which deregulated alternative splicing plays a role. First small molecules targeting Clk1 are in clinical trials for the treatment of solid cancer, where variants of oncogenic proteins derived from alternative splicing promote tumor progression. Since many infectious pathogens hi‐jack the host cell's splicing machinery to ensure efficient replication, further indications in this area are under investigation, such as Influenza A, HIV‐1 virus, and Trypanosoma infections, and more will likely be discovered in the future. In addition, Clk1 was found to contribute to the progression of Alzheimer's disease through causing an imbalance of tau splicing products. Interestingly, homozygous Clk1 knockout mice showed a rather mild phenotype, opposed to what might be expected in view of the profound role of Clk1 in alternative splicing. A major drawback of most Clk1 inhibitors is their insufficient selectivity; in particular, Dyrk kinases and haspin were frequently identified as off‐targets, besides the other Clk isoforms. Only few inhibitors were shown to be selective over Dyrk1A and haspin, whereas no Clk1 inhibitor so far achieved selectivity over the Clk4 isoform. In this review, we carefully compiled all Clk1 inhibitors from the scientific literature and summarized their structure–activity relationships (SAR). In addition, we critically discuss the available selectivity data and describe the inhibitor's efficacy in cellular models, if reported. Thus, we provide a comprehensive overview on the current state of Clk1 drug discovery and highlight the most promising chemotypes.
Designing a polarization‐insensitive and ultra‐wideband transmissive polarization convertor using a tightly coupled dipole array
Authors: Kim Seongjung , Nam Sangwook 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, a polarization‐insensitive and ultra‐wideband transmissive polarization convertor (PC) is proposed. The proposed PC operates at 2.29–6.27 GHz (93.32%) for the same polarization reflection at ≤−10 dB, orthogonally rotated polarization transmission at ≥−1 dB, and a 0.22 λlow thickness at the lowest operating frequency. A dual‐polarized tightly coupled dipole array (TCDA) antenna is introduced for application in the wideband PC, where the operating bandwidth is related to the antenna bandwidth. Additionally, the polarization insensitivity is related to the feeding structure, which allows coupling of the receiving signal to the transmitting antenna. Furthermore, the operating principle is described in detail by showing the surface current on the TCDA and the feeding structure. Finally, unit cell simulations and measurements are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed PC.
Ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance imaging of the osteochondral junction
Authors: Lombardi Alecio F. , Guma Monica , Chung Christine B. , Chang Eric Y. , Du Jiang , Ma Ya‐Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOsteoarthritis is a common chronic degenerative disease that causes pain and disability with increasing incidence worldwide. The osteochondral junction is a dynamic region of the joint that is associated with the early development and progression of osteoarthritis. Despite the substantial advances achieved in the imaging of cartilage and application to osteoarthritis in recent years, the osteochondral junction has received limited attention. This is primarily related to technical limitations encountered with conventional MR sequences that are relatively insensitive to short T2 tissues and the rapid signal decay that characterizes these tissues. MR sequences with ultrashort echo time (UTE) are of great interest because they can provide images of high resolution and contrast in this region. Here, we briefly review the anatomy and function of cartilage, focusing on the osteochondral junction. We also review basic concepts and recent applications of UTE MR sequences focusing on the osteochondral junction.
Geographic origin and social status of the Gallic warriors from Ribemont‐sur‐Ancre (France) studied through isotope systematics of bone remains
Authors: Clauzel Thibault , Richardin Pascale , Ricard Jannick , Prilaux Gilles , Martin Jeremy E. , Amiot Romain , Fourel François , Nguyen Van Anh , Arnaud‐Godet Florent , Vinçon‐Laugier Arnauld , Flandrois Jean‐Pierre , Lécuyer Christophe 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRibemont‐sur‐Ancre, France, is the biggest excavated human skeletal assemblage of Northern Gaul. It is interpreted as a post‐battle deposit constructed to celebrate war. However, the chronology of the site, its organization and the origin of the buried warriors are still poorly understood. These problems are studied by a multi‐proxy approach, based on radiocarbon dating, stable and radiogenic isotope analysis of bone remains from three structures within the site. A total of 47 human and 12 animal bone samples were analyzed for their oxygen isotope composition of bone bioapatite (δ18Op), carbon and nitrogen isotope compositions of bone collagen (δ13Ccolland δ15Ncoll). Subsamples of 17 bone collagen and 20 bone samples were selected for radiocarbon dating and strontium isotope analysis (87Sr/86Sr), respectively. All samples show preservation from diagenesis, although87Sr/86Sr contribution from the burial environment cannot be excluded. Therefore, the strontium isotope data are included in the study but are not used in the interpretation of the results. Homogeneous radiocarbon dates of human remains are observed, whereas later dates are obtained for some animal remains, highlighting the continuous use of the monument decades after the conflict. Human individuals have homogeneous δ18Opvalues, which are consistent with independent numismatic analyses and lead us to propose the Maine region as a potential geographic origin. Heterogeneities of δ13Ccolland δ15Ncollvalues are highlighted between individuals from different structures and are attributed to preferential access to animal protein and different social statuses among the buried warriors.
Thermo‐mechanical properties of flexible and rigid polyurethane (PU)/Cu composites
Authors: Somdee Patcharapon , Ansari Manauwar Ali , Marossy Kálmán 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this article, flexible and rigid polyurethane (PU)/copper (Cu) composites are prepared via a simple and cost‐effective solution casting process. The filler dispersion and chemical bonding of composites are investigated by SEM and FTIR techniques. The results showed the homogeneous dispersion of Cu microparticles. Furthermore, thermal properties are investigated using DMA, DSC, and thermal conductivity measurements. The maximum improvement in thermal conductivity for flexible and rigid PU composites is 24%, and 48%, respectively, as compared to their pure counterparts. The obtained thermal conductivity values are also compared and analyzed with the mechanical property model (Corans and Patel model) and found in good agreement with the output of the model. DMA results showed enhancement in the storage modulus with filler loading while the DSC results revealed the endothermic temperature did not significantly change with adding Cu filler in both flexible and rigid PU matrices. The mechanical properties of composites were studied using tensile and hardness (Shore A and Shore D) test. For flexible PU composites an improvement in tensile strength (43%), Young's modulus (111%), Shore A hardness (6%), Shore D hardness (27%) as compared to pure flexible PU. For rigid PU composites a reduction in tensile strength (23%), Young's modulus (32%), and an increase in Shore A hardness (3%), Shore D hardness (5%) as compared to pure rigid PU. As a result of the current study, TC of rigid PU is found doubly enhanced compared to flexible PU at the same filler concentration. Copper microparticles can act as active filler in both flexible and rigid PU matrices.
Current state of knowledge on the extinction risk of Malaysian tree species: Proximate needs to mitigate loss
Authors: Chua Lillian S. L. , Sang Julia , Pereira Joan T. , Khoo Eyen , Maycock Colin R. 
Published: October 2022

Societal Impact StatementAs one of the world's top megadiverse countries for tree species, Malaysia remains committed towards reducing tree population loss and species extinction. In order to ensure efficacy in the planning and implementation of conservation programmes, prioritisation of resources, and mainstreaming across the key drivers of biodiversity loss, it is essential to identify, document, and assess the extinction risk of families with high levels of endemism. In addition to being an integral component of ecosystems and their functions, from a socio‐ecological perspective, the rich biodiversity of Malaysia constitutes extraordinary natural capital that many people depend on for their livelihoods and well‐being.SummaryMalaysia is a megadiverse country for plant species. Knowledge of the diversity of Malaysian plant species is incomplete but has been significantly expanded by the Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak and Flora of Peninsular Malaysia projects. More than 400 new plant species, including at least 14 new genera, have been added since 1995. Between 1973 and 2015, Malaysia lost an estimated 29.4% natural forest cover; conserving plant species at immediate risk of extinction will help alleviate future loss of natural forests and biodiversity. With 9.2% of the world's tree species dwelling in Malaysia, of which 29.8% are endemic, species risk assessment is an important conservation planning tool for the Malaysian flora. Through the Global Tree Assessment project, Malaysia verified that approximately 24% of the tree diversity is exposed to a multitude of threats ranging from deforestation and forest degradation to poaching and incursion of invasive alien species. Here, we summarise the extent and types of extinction risk faced by several of our keystone tree families, namely, Dipterocarpaceae, and tree genera of Myristicaceae and Sapotaceae, whose timbers remain highly valued. We summarise the nature and aims of programmes that spur the country's conservation agenda for threatened plant species and describe some specific targets for Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, and Sarawak. We focus on efforts that enhance in situ conservation and the understanding of population dynamics. Programmes that enable and support the main agenda, such as institutional capacity building and awareness of the importance of biodiversity, are also briefly explained.
Resistance to dinotefuran in Bemisia tabaci in China: status and characteristics
Authors: Li Kaixin , Liu Jiantao , Geng Ziqiong , Xu Wei , Zhang Zhuang , Chu Dong , Guo Lei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDBemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is a serious agricultural pest worldwide. Neonicotinoids are the most important new class of synthetic insecticides used in the management of B. tabaci. However, B. tabaci populations have developed resistance to various active ingredients in neonicotinoids following long‐term and widespread application.RESULTSDinotefuran exhibited high toxicity against most B. tabaci field populations. One population (Din‐R) with a high level of resistance to dinotefuran (255.6‐fold) was first identified in the field. The Din‐R population exhibited medium to high levels of resistance to all the tested neonicotinoid insecticides and a high level of resistance to spinetoram. Genetic inheritance analysis revealed that resistance to dinotefuran was incompletely recessive and polygenic. The synergist piperonyl butoxide significantly increased the toxicity of dinotefuran to Din‐R. P450 activity in the Din‐R population was 2.19‐fold higher than in the susceptible population. RNA‐sequencing analysis showed that 12 P450 genes were significantly upregulated in the Din‐R population, of which CYP6DW5, CYP6JM1 and CYP306A1 were found to exhibit more than 3.00‐fold higher expression in Din‐R when using a reverse transcription quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Expression of eight P450 genes was obviously induced by dinotefuran, and CYP6DW5 showed the highest expression level. After knockdown of CYP6DW5 in Din‐R, the toxicity of dinotefuran increased significantly.CONCLUSIONP450 had a crucial role in dinotefuran resistance in B. tabaci, and CYP6DW5 was involved in the resistance. These results provide important information for the management of resistance in B. tabaci and improve our understanding of the resistance mechanism of dinotefuran. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
An unusual isolated anterior mediastinal lesion
Authors: Quigley Nicholas , Lang‐Lazdunski Loic , Boily‐Daoust Catherine , Couture Christian , Fortin Marc 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an infrequent tumour of poor prognosis with a strong association with asbestos exposure. Pleural effusion or thickening is the most common radiological finding. Thoracoscopic biopsy is the diagnostic modality of choice. In our report, we present the case of a career welder who consulted with vocal cord palsy and an atypical anterior mediastinal lesion. An EBUS‐TBNA‐guided biopsy and a thorough cytological assessment led to an unexpected diagnosis of epithelioid MPM. A localized anterior mediastinal lesion is an extremely infrequent presentation of MPM that deserves clinical recognition.