bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential utility of cone‐beam CT‐guided adaptive radiotherapy under end‐exhalation breath‐hold conditions for pancreatic cancer
Authors: Ogawa Ayaka , Nakamura Mitsuhiro , Iramina Hiraku , Yoshimura Michio , Mizowaki Takashi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to demonstrate the potential utility of cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT)‐guided online adaptive radiotherapy (ART) under end‐exhalation breath‐hold (EE‐BH) conditions for pancreatic cancer (PC).MethodsEleven PC patients who underwent 15‐fraction volumetric‐modulated arc therapy under EE‐BH conditions were included. Planning CT images and daily 165 CBCT images were imported into a dedicated treatment planning system. The prescription dose was set to 48 Gy in 15 fractions. The reference plan was automatically generated along with predefined clinical goals. After segmentation was completed on CBCT images, two different plans were generated: One was an adapted (ADP) plan in which re‐optimization was performed on the anatomy of the day, and the other was a scheduled (SCH) plan, which was the same as the reference plan. The dose distributions calculated using the synthetic CT created from both planning CT and CBCT were compared between the two plans. Independent calculation‐based quality assurance was also performed for the ADP plans, with a gamma passing rate of 3%/3 mm.ResultsAll clinical goals were successfully achieved during the reference plan generation. Of the 165 sessions, gross tumor volume D98% and clinical target volume D98% were higher in 100 (60.1%) and 122 (74.0%) ADP fractions. In each fraction, the V3 Gy < 1 cm3 of the stomach and duodenum was violated in 47 (28.5%) and 48 (29.1%), respectively, of the SCH fractions, whereas no violations were observed in the ADP fractions. There were statistically significant differences in the dose–volume indices between the SCH and ADP fractions (p < 0.05). The gamma passing rates were above 95% in all ADP fractions.ConclusionsThe CBCT‐guided online ART under EE‐BH conditions successfully reduced the dose to the stomach and duodenum while maintaining target coverage.
Digital Doubles: The Major Agency of Minor Bits
Authors: Oyarzun Lucía Jalón 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn a world that seeks to describe, codify and quantify everything, and particularly our viscerality and its interactions with our actual and digital environments, can we find interstitial spaces, currently unseen, unobserved and unlegislated, where we might be able to create minor architectures capable of blooming? Architect and interdisciplinary researcher Lucía Jalón Oyarzun reveals where these spaces might be found.
A Space of Problems: The Child‐Cities of Columbus
Authors: Newsom Jennifer , Carruthers Tom 
Published: November 2022

AbstractJennifer Newsom and Tom Carruthers are architects, artists and co‐founders of creative studio Dream The Combine. They describe their recent artwork/landscape intervention in Columbus, Indiana, and their attempts to unravel the associations of the town's name, its colonial legacies and rich histories of marginalised communities and their contribution to the culture of the place as a microcosm of American social politics.
Chiral Phosphoric Acid‐Catalyzed Chemo‐ and Enantioselective N‐Alkylation of Indoles with Imines
Authors: Yang Shuyuan , Li Linger , Zhao Junling 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA chemo‐ and enantioselective protocol for the N‐alkylation of indoles with imines was developed. This process was catalyzed by a BINOL‐derived phosphoric acid catalyst to give the corresponding acyclic aminals of indoles in 46–99% yields with 70–98% ee. The application of this method for the “late‐stage” functionalization of a bioactive compound was performed with high efficency. The products showed good stability and enabled many further transformations.magnified image
Nebulized mRNA‐Encoded Antibodies Protect Hamsters from SARS‐CoV‐2 Infection
Authors: Vanover Daryll , Zurla Chiara , Peck Hannah E. , Orr‐Burks Nichole , Joo Jae Yeon , Murray Jackelyn , Holladay Nathan , Hobbs Ryan A. , Jung Younghun , Chaves Lorena C. S. , Rotolo Laura , Lifland Aaron W. , Olivier Alicia K. , Li Dapeng , Saunders Kevin O. , Sempowski Gregory D. , Crowe James E. , Haynes Barton F. , Lafontaine Eric R. , Hogan Robert J. , Santangelo Philip J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDespite the success of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) vaccines, there remains a clear need for new classes of preventatives for respiratory viral infections due to vaccine hesitancy, lack of sterilizing immunity, and for at‐risk patient populations, including the immunocompromised. While many neutralizing antibodies have been identified, and several approved, to treat COVID‐19, systemic delivery, large doses, and high costs have the potential to limit their widespread use, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries. To use these antibodies more efficiently, an inhalable formulation is developed that allows for the expression of mRNA‐encoded, membrane‐anchored neutralizing antibodies in the lung to mitigate SARS‐CoV‐2 infections. First, the ability of mRNA‐encoded, membrane‐anchored, anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies to prevent infections in vitro is demonstrated. Next, it is demonstrated that nebulizer‐based delivery of these mRNA‐expressed neutralizing antibodies potently abrogates disease in the hamster model. Overall, these results support the use of nebulizer‐based mRNA expression of neutralizing antibodies as a new paradigm for mitigating respiratory virus infections.
Multi‐Modal Locomotion of Caenorhabditis elegans by Magnetic Reconfiguration of 3D Microtopography
Authors: Park Jeong Eun , Yoon Sunhee , Jeon Jisoo , Kim Chae Ryean , Jhang Saebohm , Jeon Tae‐Joon , Lee Seung Goo , Kim Sun Min , Wie Jeong Jae 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMiniaturized untethered soft robots are recently exploited to imitate multi‐modal curvilinear locomotion of living creatures that perceive change of surrounding environments. Herein, the use of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is proposed as a microscale model capable of curvilinear locomotion with mechanosensing, controlled by magnetically reconfigured 3D microtopography. Static entropic microbarriers prevent C. elegans from randomly swimming with the omega turns and provide linear translational locomotion with velocity of ≈0.14 BL s−1. This velocity varies from ≈0.09 (for circumventing movement) to ≈0.46 (for climbing) BL s−1, depending on magnetic bending and twisting actuation coupled with assembly of microbarriers. Furthermore, different types of neuronal mutants prevent C. elegans from implementing certain locomotion modes, indicating the potential for investigating the correlation between neurons and mechanosensing functions. This strategy promotes a platform for the contactless manipulation of miniaturized biobots and initiates interdisciplinary research for investigating sensory neurons and human diseases.
Estimation of the net photosynthetic rate for waterlogged winter wheat based on digital image technology
Authors: Li Yanli , Gao Xiaomei , Li Tao , Jin Huifang , Zhu Hai , Wu Qixia , Lu Bilin , Xiong Qinxue 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe net photosynthetic rate (Pn) is one of the important indicators to measure photosynthetic capacity of crops. Therefore, it is critically important to find real‐time methods for accurately estimating Pn of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). This information could provide guidance on the management of waterlogging stress. To explore the optimal monitoring method for Pn of winter wheat under waterlogging stress, the correlations between Pn and 16 characteristic image indices were analyzed in irrigated and drained microplot experiments. Then, based on the indices values, Pn was estimated using the multiple linear regression (MLR), support vector machine (SVM), backpropagation neural network (BP), and random forest (RF) models, which were constructed based on the optimal monitoring image indices. Water logging when compared to no waterlogged wheat had similar Pn values <6 days. After 12 days, waterlogged wheat plants had a lower Pn value than in no waterlogged plants. All indices were correlated with the Pn (p < 0.05), and Pn estimation accuracy was lower at the winter wheat flowering and complete ripeness periods than at the milky and waxy ripe maturity periods. Based on the results of the models tested, the RF model had higher R2 (0.904) values than the other models. These findings suggest that machine learning models could be used to accurately predict Pn, and the random forest algorithm was the best.
Distinguishing the Quantum Yield and Lifetime of Carbazole‐Based Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence Materials: QM/MM Study
Authors: Yang Yonggang , Guan Tiantian , Liu Yang , Zhang Qi , Jiang Zhinan , Jiang Kai , Liu Yufang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCommercial carbazole derivatives are widely used as typical electron donors in room‐temperature phosphorescence materials. The high phosphorescence quantum yield (Φp) and short lifetime (τp) of the carbazole‐based (9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)isonicotinonitrile (P‐34N) crystal are distinguished by quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics method. Two inducements are accounted for the high Φp of P‐34N: i) large spin–orbit coupling (0.63 cm−1) induces fast intersystem crossing (ISC) of the lowest singlet excited state (S1) to the lowest triplet excited state (T1), ii) the intermolecular π–π interactions stabilize triplet excitons. Meanwhile, the 3(n, π*) →1(π, π*) of P‐34N favors the nonradiative decay of T1to the ground state (S0), and thus, causes short τp. In contrast to P‐34N, the low Φp of 6‐(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)nicotinonitrile (P‐24N) crystal results from the effective reverse ISC process induced by small ΔEST (0.3 eV) between S1 state and the higher triplet state (T2), and the long τp is due to the unfavorable orbital reversals of T1 (π, π*)→S0 (π, π*) transition and the internal conversion process of T2 → T1. This work presents a reasonable interpretation of the Φp and τp of two carbazole‐based crystals.
Third‐Order Nonlinear Effect and Polarization‐Dependent Modulation Using Spherical‐Like MoS2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Li Tianlun , Hao Rui , Hou Yaping , Gao Duorui , Xu Yunfan , Zhang Yanpeng , Fang Jixiang , Zhang Lei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA type of MoS2 nanoparticle with a spherical‐like shape is chemically synthesized with favorable third‐order and suppressed second‐order nonlinear optical response, which results from the isotropy induced by the geometrical uniformity of nanoparticles and an artificial symmetry center. It is found that the linewidth of third harmonic signal is broadened due to the self‐phase modulation effect, another third‐order nonlinearity. Moreover, the intensity of harmonic signal can be conveniently adjusted by controlling the polarization state of applied optical field. The artificially designed material morphology may provide a reference for designing all‐optical modulation devices.
Dual‐drug delivery of sodium ceftriaxone and metronidazole by applying salt‐assisted chitosan nanoparticles: Stability, drug release, and time‐kill assay study against Bacteroides fragilis
Authors: Binesh Nafiseh , Farhadian Nafiseh , Mohammadzadeh Alireza , Karimi Mohammad 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop a polymeric biomaterial with regulated dual drug release and increased bactericidal strength of the antibiotics sodium ceftriaxone (CTX) and metronidazole (MTZ) for the treatment of intra‐abdominal infections. Chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) were produced by ionic crosslinking process in the presence of NaCl monovalence salt. The antibacterial activity and drug release behavior of CS NPs were investigated against anaerobic Bacteroides fragilis. The optimum initial drug ratio for designing dual drug carriers containing CTX and MTZ in a 4:3 ratio was 1:1. After 6 months, the salt‐assisted CTX‐MTZ‐loaded CS NPs were 300 nm in size and had a polydispersity index of 0.09 with high stability. It has been demonstrated that drug release from NPs is more tightly controlled than drug release from free drugs. Furthermore, the data show that the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration for nanostructure carriers are one‐quarter of those of free medicines. Free drugs could completely kill the bacterium after 24 h, but the dual drug carrier could kill the bacteria in 10 h. Finally, salt‐assisted CTX‐MTZ‐loaded CS NPs were proposed as a feasible alternative to standard intra‐abdominal infection treatment.
Mindfulness or expectancy? The label of mindfulness leads to expectancy effects
Authors: Ghanbari Noshari Mona , Kempton Heather Mary , Kreplin Ute 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe increasing popularity of mindfulness practices has seen an accompanying growth in research that includes the development of several self‐report mindfulness measures. However, while caution has been recommended in the use of these self‐reports, there has been little direct assessment of their susceptibility to expectancy effects. This research aimed at understanding whether expectancy effects exist for self‐reported mindfulness measures (Study 1; n = 60), and how expectancy effects might manifest in relation to positive and negative expectancy (Study 2; n = 60). The first study manipulated whether (i) the task (jigsaws) was labelled as “mindfulness,” and (ii) whether “authentic” mindfulness instructions were given. Given any increases in self‐reported mindfulness might potentially occur due to engaging in the mindful and attentionally demanding task, the second study manipulated whether the introduction placed mindfulness in a positive or negative context. A pre‐/post‐test design was employed using the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and Applied Mindfulness Process Scale self‐report measures for mindfulness and the Perceived Stress Scale for well‐being. The findings revealed expectancy effects for simply using the term mindfulness and that the direction of effects could be manipulated. This research suggests that researchers need to be cautious in evaluating self‐reports of mindfulness practice due to expectancy effects, especially in the context of brief interventions without objective measures.
Confused‐Prism[5]arene: a Conformationally Adaptive Host by Stereoselective Opening of the 1,4‐Bridged Naphthalene Flap
Authors: Della Sala Paolo , del Regno Rocco , Capobianco Amedeo , Iuliano Veronica , Talotta Carmen , Geremia Silvano , Hickey Neal , Neri Placido , Gaeta Carmine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe confused‐prism[5]arene macrocycle (c‐PrS[5]Me) shows conformational adaptive behavior in the presence of ammonium guests. Upon guest inclusion, the 1,4‐bridged naphthalene flap reverses its planar chirality from pSto pR(with reference to the pS(pR)4enantiomer). Stereoselective directional threading is also observed in the presence of directional axles, in whichup/downstereoisomers of homochiral (pR)5‐c‐PrS[5]Mepseudorotaxanes are formed.
Modulating the G‐Quadruplex and Duplex DNA Binding by Controlling the Charge of Fluorescent Molecules
Authors: Gil‐Martínez Ariadna , López‐Molina Sònia , Galiana‐Roselló Cristina , Lázaro‐Gómez Andrea , Schlüter Friederike , Rizzo Fabio , González‐García Jorge 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTwo fluorescent and non‐toxic spirobifluorene molecules bearing either positive (Spiro‐NMe3) or negative (Spiro‐SO3) charged moieties attached to the same aromatic structure have been investigated as binders for DNA. The novel Spiro‐NMe3 containing four alkylammonium substituents interacts with G‐quadruplex (G4) DNA structures and shows preference for G4s over duplex by means of FRET melting and fluorescence experiments. The interaction is governed by the charged substituents of the ligands as deduced from the lower binding of the sulfonate analogue (Spiro‐SO3). On the contrary, Spiro‐SO3 exhibits higher binding affinity to duplex DNA structure than to G4. Both molecules show a moderate quenching of the fluorescence upon DNA binding. The confocal microscopy evaluation shows the internalization of both molecules in HeLa cells and their lysosomal accumulation.
A Randomized, Single‐dose, Phase I Clinical Comparison of a Trastuzumab Biosimilar With a Reference Trastuzumab Formulation in Healthy Chinese Male Volunteers
Authors: Pu Huahua , Jia Jingying , Zhao Chunyang , Hou Sheng , Guo Huaizu , Li Jing , Qian Weizhu , Wang Hao , Sun Chan , Zou Yang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe test drug, a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody, is a biosimilar candidate for the reference drug. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of these two drugs. The study was divided into two parts, a pre‐study and a formal trial. The pre‐study included two subjects who were each given a single intravenous infusion of 6 mg/kg test drug. The formal trial was designed to be a randomized, double‐blind, parallel controlled trial in which 70 subjects were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive either test or reference drug as a single 6 mg/kg intravenous infusion. In the pre‐study, the immunogenicity was negative in both subjects and the safety of the test drug was considered to be good. The two groups in the formal trial had similar demographic characteristics. The 90% confidence interval of geometric mean ratios of area under the serum concentration‐time curve from the time 0 to the time of last quantifiable concentration, area under the serum concentration‐curve from time 0 to infinity, and maximum observed serum concentration between the test group and the reference group fell between 80% and 125% and the bioequivalence was recognized. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of antidrug antibodies. The treatment‐emergent adverse events in the test group were similar to those in the reference group. This study showed that the test drug has similar pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity, and safety to the reference drug in healthy male subjects.
Bipolar Verdazyl Radicals for Symmetrical Batteries: Properties and Stability in All States of Charge
Authors: Steen Jelte S. , de Vries Folkert , Hjelm Johan , Otten Edwin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRedox flow batteries based on organic electrolytes are promising energy storage devices, but stable long‐term cycling is often difficult to achieve. Bipolar organic charge‐storage materials allow the construction of symmetrical flow batteries (i. e., with identical electrolyte composition on both sides), which is a strategy to mitigate crossover‐induced degradation. One such class of bipolar compounds are verdazyl radicals, but little is known on their stability/reactivity either as the neutral radical, or in the charged states. Here, we study the chemical properties of a Kuhn‐type verdazyl radical (1) and the oxidized/reduced form (1+/−). Chemical synthesis of the three redox‐states provides spectroscopic characterization data, which are used as reference for evaluating the composition of the electrolyte solutions of an H‐cell battery during/after cycling. Our data suggest that, rather than the charged states, the decomposition of the parent verdazyl radical is responsible for capacity fade. Kinetic experiments and DFT calculations provide insight in the decomposition mechanism, which is shown to occur by bimolecular disproportionation to form two closed‐shell products (leuco‐verdazyl 1H and triazole derivative 2).
Green entrepreneurial orientation and financial performance in Chinese firms: The role of stakeholder engagement and green absorptive capacity
Authors: Zhang Xiue , Le Yuan , Meng Qiao , Teng Xinyu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBased on the natural‐resource‐based view and capability theory, this study explores the impact of green entrepreneurial orientation (GEO) on financial performance, the separate and joint moderating effects of stakeholder engagement and green absorptive capacity (GAC). Using data obtained from 230 Chinese manufacturing firms, it was found that GEO has positive influence on financial performance, supplier engagement and GAC strengthen the positive effect of GEO on financial performance while customer engagement has not. In addition, our empirical findings show that when a high level of supplier engagement combined with a high level of GAC, the positive effect of GEO on financial performance is increased. These findings provide important theoretical and practical implications for Chinese manufacturing firms to achieve sustainable development.
(Epi)genomic adaptation driven by fine geographical scale environmental heterogeneity after recent biological invasions
Authors: Chen Yiyong , Ni Ping , Fu Ruiying , Murphy Kieran J. , Wyeth Russell C. , Bishop Cory D. , Huang Xuena , Li Shiguo , Zhan Aibin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElucidating processes and mechanisms involved in rapid local adaptation to varied environments is a poorly understood but crucial component in management of invasive species. Recent studies have proposed that genetic and epigenetic variation could both contribute to ecological adaptation, yet it remains unclear on the interplay between these two components underpinning rapid adaptation in wild animal populations. To assess their respective contributions to local adaptation, we explored epigenomic and genomic responses to environmental heterogeneity in eight recently colonized ascidian (Ciona intestinalis) populations at a relatively fine geographical scale. Based on MethylRADseq data, we detected strong patterns of local environment‐driven DNA methylation divergence among populations, significant epigenetic isolation by environment (IBE), and a large number of local environment‐associated epigenetic loci. Meanwhile, multiple genetic analyses based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showed genomic footprints of divergent selection. In addition, for five genetically similar populations, we detected significant methylation divergence and local environment‐driven methylation patterns, indicating the strong effects of local environments on epigenetic variation. From a functional perspective, a majority of functional genes, Gene Ontology (GO) terms, and biological pathways were largely specific to one of these two types of variation, suggesting partial independence between epigenetic and genetic adaptation. The methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTL) analysis showed that the genetic variation explained only 18.67% of methylation variation, further confirming the autonomous relationship between these two types of variation. Altogether, we highlight the complementary interplay of genetic and epigenetic variation involved in local adaptation, which may jointly promote populations' rapid adaptive capacity and successful invasions in different environments. The findings here provide valuable insights into interactions between invaders and local environments to allow invasive species to rapidly spread, thus contributing to better prediction of invasion success and development of management strategies.
Fast and Simple Preparation of a Sensor Based on Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) for the Determination of Zopiclone in Pharmaceutical Dosage by Square Wave Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry (SWAdSV)
Authors: Navarro Freddy , Segura Rodrigo , Godoy Fernando , Martí Angel A. , Mascayano Carolina , Aguirre Maria J. , Flores Erick , Pizarro Jaime 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe interactions of zopiclone with electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (rGO) modified electrode were examined. A comparison of GC/rGO and glassy carbon electrode (GC) by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) shows that the modified surface is much less conductive than GC. The role of rGO is to act as a site of specific adsorption of the analyte. Molecular dynamics showed that the monoanionic form of zopiclone presents more interactions with defects of rGO. The analytical methodology allowed obtaining a linearity of 10–130 μg L−1, with a limit of detection of 2.14 μg L−1using SWAdSV at pH 10.0.