bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of eating together online on autonomic nervous system functions: A randomized, open-label, controlled preliminary study among healthy volunteers
Authors: Hasuo Hideaki , Kusaka Nahoko , Sano Mutsuo , Kanbara Kenji , Kitawaki Tomoki , Sakuma Hiroko , Sakazaki Tomoya , Yoshida Kohei , Shizuma Hisaharu , Araki Hideo , Suzuki Motoyuki , Nishiguchi Satoshi , Shuzo Masaki , Masuda Gaku , Shimonishi Kei , Kondo Kazuaki , ueda Hirotada , Nakamura Yuichi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Eating alone is significantly associated with psychological distress (PD). There is no research evaluating the effects and relationships of eating together online on autonomic nervous system functions.
Methods: This is randomized, open-label, controlled study amonghealthy volunteers. Participants were randomized into either an eating together online group or an eating-alone group. The effect of eating together on autonomic nervous functions was evaluated and compared with that of the control (eating alone). The primary endpoint was the change in the standard deviation of the normal-to-normal interval (SDNN) scores among heart rate variabilities (HRV) before and after eating. Physiological synchrony was investigated based on changes in the SDNN scores.
Results: A total of 31 women and 25 men (mean age, 36.6 [SD = 9.9] years) were included in the study. In the comparison between the aforementioned groups, two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed interactions between time and group on SDNN scores. SDNN scores in the eating together online group increased at the first and second halves of eating time (F[1,216], P < 0.001 and F[1,216], P = 0.022). Moreover, high correlations were observed in the changes in each pair before and during the first half of eating times as well as before and during the second half of eating times (r = 0.642, P = 0.013 and r = 0.579, P = 0.030). These were statistically significantly higher than those in the eating-alone group (P = 0.007 and P = 0.019).
Conclusion: Experiences of eating together online increased HRV during eating. Variations in pairs were correlated and may have induced physiological synchrony.
Trial registration: The University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry, UMIN000045161. Registered 1 September 2021, https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/icdr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000051592.
Role of Haptoglobin 2-2 genotype on disease progression and mortality among South Indian Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Authors: Vasudevan Varadaraj , Ramprasath Tharmarajan , Sampathkumar Krishnaswamy , Puhari Shanavas Syed Mohamed , Yuvaraj Subramani , selvam Govindan Sadasivam 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Haptoglobin (HP), a plasma glycoprotein, binds to free hemoglobin and prevents the loss of iron and kidney damage. Polymorphism in the HP gene affects its enzyme activity, and different genotypes result in varied antioxidant, angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. From this background the present work is focused to conduct a prospective case-control study in South Indian population and evaluate whether the HP variants are associated to nondialysis (ND) (CKD stages 1-4) and ESRD (CKD stage 5) patients.
Methods and Results
Totally 392 CKD patients (nondialysis, ND; n= 170, end-stage renal disease, ESRD; n=222) and 202 healthy individuals were enrolled and collected blood samples were used for determining biochemical parameters and HP genotyping. Gene frequency and biochemical parameters were statistically analyzed for disease association. HP2-2 genotypes were significantly associated with ND and ESRD disease development compared to controls. Higher HP2-2 genotype frequency showed an increased hazard ratio for overall disease progression among ND patients (hazard ratio= 3.86; 95% CI =1.88 to 7.93; P=0.0002). Survival analysis also showed that Non-HP2-2 patients have a statistically significantly decreased risk for mortality compared to patients with the HP2-2 genotype (ESRD patients hazard ratio = 4.05; P= 0.04).
Conclusion:
The present study confirms that HP2-2 polymorphism was statistically associated with the risk of CKD incidence, progression and mortality of south Indian CKD patients. Concluding our results, the HP2-2 genotype could be an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and disease progression in patients with CKD.
Experimental study of a self-excited jet precession in a sudden expansion flow
Authors: Holemans Thomas , Yang Zhu , De Greef Johan , Vanierschot Maarten 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (S-PIV) measurements are performed to analyse the flow field in a sudden expansion with an expansion ratio of 4.9:1. The velocity profile in the inlet tube is measured using Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) and the Reynolds number (Re) is varied from 3150 till 63300. The time-averaged flow field is found to be axisymmetric and has a jet-like velocity profile near the nozzle with a spreading rate comparable to free round jets. Despite the axisymmetric nature of the mean flow field, it contains unsteady coherent structures, which are analysed using both Spectral Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (SPOD) and phase averaging. It is found that the instantaneous flow field is asymmetric and it precesses around the central axis of the geometry. The structure of this precession is similar for all Reynolds numbers investigated and the Strouhal number increases with increasing Reynolds number till Re= 26000, after which it reaches a constant value of around 3 × 10−3. These precessing structures were previously only reported for swirling sudden expansion flows or flows in dedicated free jet nozzles, but this study shows they also exist in confined non swirling sudden expansion flows.
Detection of Tooth Numbering, Frenulum, Gingival Hyperplasia and Gingival Inflammation on Dental Photographs Using Convolutional Neural Network Algorithms: An Initial Study
Authors: Kurt-Bayrakdar Sevda , Uğurlu Mehmet , Yavuz Muhammed Burak , Sali Nichal , Bayrakdar İbrahim Şevki , Çelik Özer , Köse Oğuz , Beklen Arzu , Saylan Bilge Cansu Uzun , Jagtap Rohan , Orhan Kaan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectives The aim of this study is to perform tooth numbering using deep learning algorithms on digital dental photographs, and to evaluate the success of these algorithms in determining the presence of frenulum, gingival hyperplasia and gingival inflammation which play an important role in periodontal treatment planning. Materials and Methods Six-hundred-fifty-four (n = 654) intraoral photographs were included in the study. A total of 16795 teeth in all photographs were segmented and the numbering of the teeth was carried out according to the FDI system. Two-thousand-four-hundred-and-ninety-three frenulum attachments (n = 2493), 1211 gingival hyperplasia areas and 2956 gingival inflammation areas in the photographs were labeled using the segmentation method. Images were sized before artificial intelligence (AI) training and data set was separated as training, validation and test groups. Yolov5 architecture were used in the creation of the models. The confusion matrix system and ROC analysis were used in the statistical evaluation of the results. Results When results of study were evaluated; sensitivity, precision, F1 score and AUC for tooth numbering were 0.990, 0.784, 0.875, 0.989; for frenulum attachments were 0.894, 0.775, 0.830 and 0.827; for gingival hyperplasia were 0.757, 0.675, 0.714, 0.774; for gingival inflammation were 0.737, 0.823, 0.777, 0.802 (respectively). Conclusions There is a need for more comprehensive studies to be carried out on this subject by increasing the number of data and the number of parameters evaluated. Clinical relevance The current study showed that in the future, periodontal problem determination from dental photographs could be performed using AI systems.
RESIRE: Accurate tomography with real space iterative reconstruction
Authors: Pham Minh , Yuan Yakun , Rana Arjun , Osher Stanley , Miao Jianwei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Tomography has made a revolutionary impact on the physical, biological and medical sciences. The mathematical foundationof tomography is to reconstruct a three-dimensional (3D) object from a set of two-dimensional (2D) projections. As the numberof projections that can be measured from a sample is usually limited by the tolerable radiation dose and/or the geometricconstraint on the tilt range, a main challenge in tomography is to achieve the best possible 3D reconstruction from a limitednumber of projections with noise. Over the years, a number of tomographic reconstruction methods have been developedincluding direct inversion, real-space, and Fourier-based iterative algorithms. Here, we report the development of a real-spaceiterative reconstruction (RESIRE) algorithm for accurate tomographic reconstruction. RESIRE iterates between the update of areconstructed 3D object and the measured projections using a forward and back projection step. The forward projection step isimplemented by the Fourier slice theorem or the Radon transform, and the back projection step by a linear transformation.Our numerical and experimental results demonstrate that RESIRE performs more accurate 3D reconstructions than otherexisting tomographic algorithms, when there are a limited number of projections with noise. Furthermore, RESIRE can be usedto reconstruct the 3D structure of extended objects as demonstrated by the determination of the 3D atomic structure of anamorphous Ta thin film. We expect that RESIRE can be widely employed in the tomography applications in different fields.Finally, to make the method accessible to the general user community, the MATLAB source code of RESIRE is freely availablefrom our group website.
Picolinafen exposure induces ROS accumulation and calcium depletion, leading to apoptosis in porcine embryonic trophectoderm and uterine luminal epithelial cells
Authors: Park Wonhyoung , Park Junho , Park Sunwoo , Lim Whasun , Song Gwonhwa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The global use of herbicides accounts for more than 48% of total pesticide usage. Picolinafen is a pyridine carboxylic acid herbicide that is predominantly used to control broadleaf weeds in wheat, barley, corn, and soybeans. Despite its widespread use in agriculture, its toxicity in mammals has rarely been studied. In this study, we first identified the cytotoxic effects of picolinafen on porcine trophectoderm (pTr) and luminal epithelial (pLE) cells, which are involved in the implantation process during early pregnancy. Picolinafen treatment significantly decreased the viability of pTr and pLE cells. Our results demonstrate that picolinafen increased the number of sub-G1 phase cells and early/late apoptosis. In addition, picolinafen disrupted mitochondrial function and resulted in the accumulation of intracellular ROS, leading to a reduction in calcium levels in both the mitochondria and cytoplasm of pTr and pLE cells. Moreover, picolinafen was found to significantly inhibit the migration of pTr. These responses were accompanied by the activation of the MAPK and PI3K signal transduction pathways by picolinafen. Our data suggest that the deleterious effects of picolinafen on the viability and migration of pTr and pLE cells might impair their implantation potential.
Spatial Prediction Using Random Forest Spatial Interpalation with Sample Augmentation: A Case Study for Precipitation Mapping
Authors: Sijia JIAO , Tianjun WU , Jiancheng LUO , Ya’nan ZHOU , Wen DONG , Changpeng WANG , Shiying Dong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Spatial prediction (SP) based on machine learning (ML) has been applied to soil water quality, air quality, marine environment, etc. However, there are still deficiencies in dealing with the problem of small samples. Normally, ML require large amounts of training samples in order to prevent overfitting. The data augmentation method of mixup and synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) ignores the similarity of geographic information. Therefore, this paper proposes a modified upsampling method and combines it with the random forest spatial interpolation (RFSI) to deal with the small sample problem in geographical space. The modified unsampling mainly reflected in the following two aspects. Firstly, in the process of selecting nearest points, it is to select points with similar geographic information in some aspects of the category after classification. Secondly, the selected difference is the difference of each category. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we select precipitation as the target factor and conduct a comparative experiment. The experimental results show that the combination of the modified upsampling method and RFSI effectively improves the accuracy of spatial prediction.
3D Measurements of a Two-phase Flow inside an Optical Cylinder Based on Full-Field Cross-Interface Computed Tomography
Authors: Ling Chen , Chen Haiyan , Gao Yu , Wu Yue 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) tomographic reconstruction in confined-space requires a mapping relationship which considers the refraction distortion caused by optical walls. In this work, a tomography method, namely full-field cross-interface computed tomography (FCICT), is proposed to solve confine-space problems. The FCICT method utilizes Snell’s law and reverse ray-tracing to analytically correct imaging distortion and establishes the mapping relationship from 3D measurement domain to 2D images. Numerical phantom study is first employed to validate the FCICT method. Afterwards, the FCICT is applied on the experimental reconstruction of an illuminated two-phase jet flow which is initially generated inside an optical cylinder and then gradually moves outside. The comparison between accurately reconstructed vapor by FCICT and coarse result by traditional open space tomography algorithm provides a practical validation of FCICT. Based on the 3D vapor reconstructions at different time sequences, the distributions of surface velocity and 3D curvatures are calculated, and their correspondences are systematically analyzed. It is found that the velocity of a surface point is positively correlated with the mean curvature at the same point, which indicates the concavity/convexity of vapor surface is possibly in accordance with the surface velocity. Moreover, the surface velocity presents monotonical increasing trend with larger Gaussian curvature for elliptic surface points only, due to the dominated Brownian motion as the vapor develops.
Stokes inversion techniques with neural networks: analysis of uncertainty in parameter estimation
Authors: Mistryukova Lukia , Plotnikov Andrey , Khizhik Aleksandr , Knyazeva Irina , Hushchyn Mikhail , Derkach Denis 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Magnetic fields are responsible for a multitude of Solar phenomena, including such destructive events as solar flares and coronal mass ejections, with the number of such events rising as we approach the peak of the 11-year solar cycle, in approximately 2025. High-precision spectropolarimetric observations are necessary to understand the variability of the Sun. The field of quantitative inference of magnetic field vectors and related solar atmospheric parameters from such observations has long been investigated. In recent years, very sophisticated codes for spectropolarimetric observations have been developed. Over the past two decades, neural networks have been shown to be a fast and accurate alternative to classic inversion technique methods. However, most of these codes can be used to obtain point estimates of the parameters, so ambiguities, the degeneracies, and the uncertainties of each parameter remain uncovered. In this paper, we provide end-to-end inversion codes based on the simple Milne-Eddington model of the stellar atmosphere and deep neural networks to both parameter estimation and their uncertainty intervals. The proposed framework is designed in such a way that it can be expanded and adapted to other atmospheric models or combinations of them. Additional information can also be incorporated directly into the model. It is demonstrated that the proposed architecture provides high accuracy of results, including a reliable uncertainty estimation, even in the multidimensional case. The models are tested using simulation and real data samples.
The Design and Application of Variable Distribution Density Micro-Textured Tool
Authors: Yu Xin , Lv Dejin , Gao Yuan , Wang Yongguo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A novel design method of grooved type micro-textured tool(MTT) was presented. The lubrication and cooling state of the contact area between the rake face and the chip were analyzed. Based on the penetration process and heat transfer process of cutting fluid on the rake face, the tool-chip contact area was divided into low temperature zone(LTZ) and high temperature zone(HTZ). The penetration of cutting fluid along the micro-texture(MT) groove and the penetration perpendicular to the groove in the LTZ were modeled. It is found that the size parameters and distribution density of the MT are related to them. The heat transfer process of cutting fluid and tool in HTZ and were modeled and analyzed. The secondary cutting phenomenon in micro-textured HTZ surface was modeled as well. The relationship between secondary cutting and texture size parameters is established, and the criteria for the occurrence of secondary cutting are proposed. Based on the theory above, MTTs with variable distribution density were designed and prepared. The design and theoretical model were verified in turning nickel-based superalloy GH4202.
Bimanual Isometric Force Control in Young and Older Adults
Authors: Galofaro Elisa , Valè Nicola , Ballardini Giulia , Smania Nicola , Casadio Maura 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background: Several activities of daily living require bimanual force coordination during interactions with objects. However, while the decline of sensory perception and motor functions with age have been largely studied, the impact of aging on the bilateral control of isometric forces is less investigated. This study aims at providing a comprehensive description of the bimanual force control strategies adopted by unimpaired young and older adults in an isometric force tracking task.
Methods: Participants were required to apply with the two hands simultaneously the same amount of isometric force by pushing on two decoupled plates, which appeared as two lateral faces of a box on a table. The total force had to match a force profile composed of time-variant and constant phases, reaching three target force levels: low, medium, and high. Visual feedback was provided only for the total force, but not for the force exerted by each hand. Thirty-one volunteers participated in the study: 15 of age 25±1 std years and 16 of age 77±7std years. Differences between the two groups were tested with repeated measure ANOVA with the group as a between-subjects factor.
Results: The older group had higher matching errors and more variable force profiles compared to the younger group. Most of the older participants also undershot the highest force level. Both groups had more difficulty matching a time-variant than a constant force profile, and this difficulty was higher for the older group. As for differences between the force applied by the two hands, the older group had lower lateral symmetry, although the hand applying more force varied across participants and target forces. For the lower target level, the amount of total force applied by the left hand correlated with its variability expressed by the coefficient of variation.
Conclusions: This study provides the first proof of concept that the proposed paradigm, based on a low-cost sensorized device, can be used to characterize and quantify age-related differences in bimanual isometric force control. The device and the paradigm can be used for assessment in clinical settings and then explored as a possible rehabilitative tool.
Neutrally- and Stably-Stratified Boundary Layers Adjustments to a Step Change in Surface Roughness
Authors: Ding Shan-Shan , Placidi Marco , Carpentieri Matteo , Robins Alan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this work, we study the development of the internal boundary layer (IBL) induced by a surface roughness discontinuity, where the downstream surface has a roughness length greater than that upstream. The work is carried out in the EnFlo meteorological wind tunnel, at the University of Surrey, in both thermally neutral and stable cases with varying degrees of stability. For the neutrally-stratified boundary layer, the IBL development shows good agreement with the diffusion model proposed by Panofsky and Dutton (1984) providing that a modified origin condition in the log-law region is introduced and its growth rate is dictated by a constant diffusion term. However, the model over-predicts the growth of the IBL in the outer layer, where the IBL depth grows slowly with fetch following a power function with exponent n being 0.61 (whereas the original model prescribes n≈0.8). For the stably-stratified boundary layers, n is found to further reduce as the outer layer Richardson number, Rib, increases. The analysis of the top region of the IBL shows that the slow growth rate is due to a combination of the decay of the diffusion term and a significantly negative mean wall-normal velocity, which transports fluid elements towards the wall. Considering these two effects, a modified diffusion model is proposed which well captures the growth of the IBL for both neutrally and stably-stratified boundary layers.
The utility of augmented reality in retrosigmoid craniotomies: several innovations
Authors: Hong Wenyao , Huang Xiaohua , Chen Zhongyi , Huang Shengyue , Wen Yuxing , He Bingwei , Dong Siyuan , Lin Yuanxiang , Liu Yuqing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjective:During retrosigmoid craniotomy, it is vital that the transverse-sigmoid sinus junction (TSSJ) is positioned correctly, as it improves surgical efficiency and prevents complications. To explore a clinical application scenario of mobile AR-based navigation system (MARNS), the authors examined whether it can be used to position the TSSJ during craniotomy in the retrosigmoid approach and summarize the experience.Methods:Seven patients who underwent retrosigmoid craniotomy had their TSSJ located by MARNS. The surgical incision and skull "keyhole" for drilling were determined separately based on the projections of TSSJ on the 3D model displayed by MARNS. As indicators of effectiveness, this method was assessed via matching error, positioning time, integrity of the bone flap, and incidence of TSS injury, as well as other complications.Results:In all cases, the inner edges of TSSJ were accurately located and exposed, and the bone flaps formed and remained almost intact. In terms of matching error and positioning time, MARNS had a higher matching error than neuro-navigation system(NNS) (t = 3.897, p = 0.0021), but took a shorter time to location (t = 5.005, p = 0.0003).Conclusion:In this study, MARNS was innovative in tattooed landmarks, coupled with digital surgical design and improved surgical skills, leading to a successful retrosigmoid craniotomy. This system offers convenience, accuracy, cost-effectiveness, and reliability for the planning of neurosurgical procedures.