bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SOME ASPECTS OF SOCIAL CHANGE IN THE TRADITIONAL ECONOMY OF THE NORTH OF YAKUTIA IN THE LATE 1980S - 1990S
Authors: Sannikova Yana M. 
Published: February 2022

Background. This problem requires a study and a comprehensive analysis of the social changes in the northern villages and how they affected the traditional economy of the indigenous peoples of Yakutia.
Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study some aspects of social changes in the traditional economy of the North of Yakutia on the eve and during the post-Soviet transformations.
Materials and methods. Archival sources and the results of research by Northern scientists of the 1990s on the study of general and local social problems of northern villages and indigenous workers were used. When studying the topic, a chronologically problematic approach was used. The analysis of the issues was carried out using comparative, retrospective, statistical methods.
Results. From archival documents, specific examples of social changes in the farms of Northerners at the turn of the last decades of the twentieth century are highlighted, especially in terms of wages and housing. Some results of research by Northern scientists conducted in the 1990s are shown. They outlined the general social problems of the northern villages, the specific consequences of the activities of the new tribal communities of indigenous peoples. The necessity of further research of this problem is actualized.
Practical implications. The results obtained are the basis for further interdisciplinary research. Also, conclusions and local examples can be used as local history material on humanitarian specialties in educational institutions of various levels. This problem requires a study and a comprehensive analysis of the social changes in the northern villages and how they affected the traditional economy of the indigenous peoples of Yakutia.
Collecting Corona (Corona Sammeln)
Authors: Heck Brigette , Thiel Sonja 
Published: February 2022

The coronavirus pandemic has posed major challenges to the museum landscape. Not only because their presence was not perceivable for a long period of time, but also because their social significance was re-located. "System relevance" was the characteristic that decided whether a museum was to be opened or closed in Germany. Many of my colleagues working in cultural history museums and in charge of collections got involved in this discussion constructively and used the opportunities to participate in social discourse, collection initiatives, and collegial cooperation. The article gives an overview of the ongoing process, different theoretical and practical approaches and focuses on the example of the Baden State Museum in Karlsruhe - a cultural history museum with expertise in participatory contemporary projects.
Analytical Solution to a Discrete-Time Model for Dynamic Learning and Decision Making
Authors: Zhang Hao 
Published: February 2022

Problems concerning dynamic learning and decision making are difficult to solve analytically. We study an infinite-horizon discrete-time model with a constant unknown state that may take two possible values. As a special partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP), this model unifies several types of learning-and-doing problems such as sequential hypothesis testing, dynamic pricing with demand learning, and multiarmed bandits. We adopt a relatively new solution framework from the POMDP literature based on the backward construction of the efficient frontier(s) of continuation-value vectors. This framework accommodates different optimality criteria simultaneously. In the infinite-horizon setting, with the aid of a set of signal quality indices, the extreme points on the efficient frontier can be linked through a set of difference equations and solved analytically. The solution carries structural properties analogous to those obtained under continuous-time models, and it provides a useful tool for making new discoveries through discrete-time models.This paper was accepted by Baris Ata, stochastic models and simulation.
Simulation-Based Prediction
Authors: Lim Eunji , Glynn Peter W. 
Published: February 2022

Predicting Shortages in a Supply Chain Using Simulation A supply chain shortage is a serious problem that can lead to assembly plant shutdowns. However, predicting such shortages using simulation poses a challenge, because the information necessary to initialize such a supply chain simulation is often only partially observable in many real-world applications. In “Simulation-Based Prediction,” Lim and Glynn investigate this problem. They formulate such a prediction problem as the problem of computing the conditional expectation of the quantity of interest, given the observed state of the system. Simulation can be easily applied to computing such a conditional expectation when the simulation state is fully observed in the real system. Lim and Glynn propose a new simulation methodology appropriate to the many settings in which the observed current state does not fully determine the simulation’s initial state. With the use of such methods, simulation has the potential to more accurately predict upcoming supply chain bottlenecks and to enhance predictions in the many other problem settings where simulation is commonly used.
Caring for patients with congenital heart disease: a nationwide survey of nurses' educational needs
Authors: Griffiths Linda , Seaton Sarah , Lotto Robyn 
Published: February 2022

Background/Aims Around one in 130 babies are born with some form of congenital heart defect. Advances in treatment have resulted in increasing numbers of these individuals surviving with complex disease; around 90% survive into adult life. In order for these patients to receive high-quality care throughout their lives, it is imperative that nurses are educated appropriately. This study explored the educational needs of nurses who encounter this group of patients. Methods A survey designed by the British Adult Congenital Cardiac Association was distributed to all congenital heart disease networks in the UK, as well as on social media and via networks and forums for nurses and allied health professionals. The survey took place between 4 June 2020 and 6 July 2020. Responses were analysed using summary statistics. Results A total of 513 survey responses were received from nurses and allied health professionals. Band 5 nurses reported a higher level of anxiety about caring for patients with congenital heart defect (17.9%) than average for the study population (12.5%). In the previous 2 years, nearly one-third of the band 5 staff had received no training. Respondents who worked in non-congenital heart defect centres reported that learning to manage care for patients with congenital heart defects, manage emergencies and have a simple understanding of the condition should be an educational priority. Local taught study days were identified as the most desirable means of learning. Conclusions While education within specialist centres appears to be developed and well-embedded, junior nurses (band 5), and particularly those working in non-cardiac units, are being left behind. Easy access information about emergency care and simple descriptions of care requirements would benefit nurses who rarely encounter congenital heart defect patients. Including the fundamentals of care within the nursing curriculum could provide a base from which nurses can develop. Preferences for accredited study sessions support the need for further development of postgraduate education.
Feasibility, reproducibility and characteristics of coronary bifurcation type assessment by three-dimensional optical coherence tomography
Authors: Nishimura Takashi , Okamura Takayuki , Fujimura Tatsuhiro , Miyazaki Yosuke , Takenaka Hitoshi , Akase Hideaki , Tateishi Hiroki , Mochizuki Mamoru , Uchinoumi Hitoshi , Oda Tetsuro , Yano Masafumi 
Published: February 2022

Aim
To investigate the characteristics of coronary artery bifurcation type (parallel or perpendicular type) using three-dimensional (3D) optical coherence tomography (OCT), and determine the feasibility, reproducibility, assessment time and correlation with bifurcation angles measured by 3D quantitative coronary angiography (QCA).

Methods and results
We evaluated 60 lesions at the coronary bifurcation that were treated by main vessel (MV) stenting with kissing balloon inflation (KBI) under OCT/optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) guidance. Inter- and intra-observer agreement regarding the assessment of 3D bifurcation types were 0.88 and 0.94, respectively. The assessment times of 3D-OCT bifurcation type with OCT and OFDI were within about 30 seconds. 3D-OCT bifurcation types showed the greatest correlation with the distal bifurcation angle assessed by 3D-QCA among the three bifurcation angles (distal bifurcation angle, proximal bifurcation angle and main vessel angle), and the optimal cut-off distal bifurcation angle to predict a perpendicular type bifurcation, as determined by ROC analysis, was 51.0° (AUC 0.773, sensitivity 0.80, specificity 0.67). Based on this cut-off value for the distal bifurcation angle (51°), the diagnostic accuracy for perpendicular type bifurcation in cases with a BA ≥ 51° (n = 34) was 70.6% (24/34) and that of the parallel type bifurcation in cases of BA < 51° (n = 26) was 76.9% (20/26).

Conclusion
Performing 3D-OCT for assessment of coronary artery bifurcation type is feasible and simple, and can be done in a short time with high reproducibility.
Zur Entwicklung der kodematischen Theorie des Fremdsprachenunterrichts
Authors: Szczodrowski Marian 
Published: February 2022

The discussion addresses the linguistic code and its contribution to the development of the codematic theory of foreign-language teaching. This theory deals with the essence and properties of the course of processes of coding and decoding foreign-language structures. Teachers and learners participate in these processes as primary and secondary senders and receivers of transmitted lexical-grammatical structures with the aim of learners’ mastering them. The process of learning and mastering foreign-language structures takes place in two stages, that is, during their decoding and construction in the form of structural matrices in the receiver’s appropriate memory. In this way, in the receiver (learner) there forms a warehousing mechanism with regard to the foreign language. This mechanism is equipped with a receptive and (re)productive functioning force, that is a force that activates the structural matrices. Structural matrices in long-term memory attain the appropriate force of activation, and therefore demand constantly being brought up to date in various syntagmatic-syntactic constructions, that is in the process of their encoding.
A socially anchored approach to spatial language in Kalaallisut
Authors: McMahan Hilary , Grenoble Lenore A. , Petrussen Alliaq Kleist 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this article we demonstrate the fundamental relationship between the linguistic encoding of spatial relations and the topography of Greenland as an island, more specifically as a large island with considerable inland ice, and social engagement with that space. Kalaallisut (or Greenlandic, ISO 639-3 kal) uses an absolute frame of reference and a cardinal direction system that arises from an environmentally anchored coastal orientation system. Sociocultural knowledge and experiences play an important role in this system. It is deeply rooted in the geophysical environment, and changes to that environment can and do affect the linguistic encoding of space. Crucially, changes in people’s relationship with the environment affect how it is conceptualized in language. This is part of a broader pattern of Inuit language usage in changing Arctic environments and societies.
Directionals, topography, and cultural construals of landscape in Lamaholot
Authors: Nagaya Naonori 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates “directionals” or geocentric spatial terms in Lamaholot, examining the interaction between directionals, topographic environment, and cultural construals of landscape. Lamaholot is an Austronesian language of eastern Indonesia spoken on the volcanic island of Flores. The Lewotobi dialect, with which this paper is concerned, is spoken on the coastal area between Mt. Lewotobi and the Solor Sea. Reflective of this topographic environment, this language has “directionals” or grammatical terms defined with respect to landmarks:rae‘mountainward’,lau‘seaward’,wəli‘parallel with the coast’,teti‘upward’, andlali‘downward’. After describing how the spatial orientation represented by directionals is embedded in linguistic and sociocultural practices in Lamaholot-speaking communities, this paper shows that directionals exhibit intriguing diversity in interpretation and morphosyntax: they constitute a coordinate system for geocentric frame of reference, refer to different directions depending on different construals of landscape, and can appear in various syntactic positions. It is argued that this diversity can be understood in terms of a complex interplay of topographic environment, sociocultural practices, language uses, and linguistic repertoire, as assumed in the Sociotopographic Model (Palmer, Bill, Jonathon Lum, Jonathan Schlossberg & Alice Gaby. 2017. How does the environment shape spatial language? Evidence for sociotopography.Linguistic Typology21(3). 457–491). Thus, the directional system in Lamaholot makes a strong case for a sociotopographic approach to spatial language.
The irrelevance of scale and fixedness in landscape terms in two Australian languages
Authors: Hill Clair 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article examines how the speakers of Manyjilyjarra (Great Sandy Desert) and Umpila/Kuuku Ya’u (Cape York Peninsula) linguistically categorize the landscape in which they live. Located on opposite sides of Australia, in highly contrasting arid inland and tropical coastal environments, the semantics of the landscape feature terminology in these two Australian languages have key similarities. Both lexical sets overwhelmingly classify the landscape with the use of abstract and general concepts of shape and material make-up. Together with a lack of specification of size or fixedness in this terminology, this presents intriguing issues for received conceptualizations of landscape in the geosciences and language sciences. This article finds that complex and recurrent interests in material make-up extend beyond landscape feature terminology in both languages and reveal possible cultural priorities underlying the semantic patterns.
Recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments in American courts and the limits of the law market model
Authors: Solimine Michael E. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The law market model posits that the most appropriate resolution of choice-of-law disputes in private international law is to permit individuals to choose ex ante the law that applies to them. This is contrasted to the public law model where courts choose law based on the perceived interests of, or the parties’ connections with, the states or nations involved. The law market model envisions that consumer choice will lead to optimal competition among jurisdictions to supply the most efficient law. This model has influenced the rise of party autonomy, most notably in the widespread enforcement of many contractual choice-of-law and forum-selection clauses. One area that the model has had little influence on is the enforcement of foreign judgments. In the United States, judgments from other countries face higher hurdles in obtaining recognition and enforcement, as compared to judgments issued by courts of sister states. There has been little discussion in the law market literature of the possibility of ex ante contractually waiving these hurdles, or of choosing the law of states that make it easier to enforce foreign judgments. This reticence appears to be based in part on the assumption that state law on such recognition is mandatory and non-waivable, and that such law reflects the sovereign interests of states. Revisiting this regime through the lens of the law market model suggests that courts and public policymakers should permit parties, within broad limits, to contractually waive or select the law on judgment recognition, as they are permitted to do with other areas of law.
Long-Term Impact of Hospitalization for Kawasaki Disease on Health-Related Quality of Life
Authors: Naimi Iman , Slee April E. , Kourtidou Soultana , Mangione-Smith Rita M. , Portman Michal A. 
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE
To prospectively evaluate the long-term impact of Kawasaki disease (KD) hospitalization on health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

METHODS
We merged the Outcomes Assessment Program and KD databases and queried for KD admissions between 1 month and 18 years of age. Patients with a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia were included as a comparison group. HRQoL was evaluated with the parent proxy Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). Long-term follow-up PedsQL surveys were performed at least 1 year after initial diagnosis and hospitalization. Results for the entire cohort adjusted for significant differences were calculated. Propensity score–matched cohorts were constructed from the unmatched cohorts of patients with long-term survey responses. Subgroup analysis for the KD group was performed.

RESULTS
Patients with KD (n = 61) versus pneumonia (n = 80) had a lower PedsQL total score on admission and experienced a significantly greater HRQoL decline from baseline to admission. At long-term follow-up, no difference occurred in HRQoL between patients with KD and pneumonia, and 89% of patients with KD reached their baseline PedsQL scores. KD diagnostic subtype, coronary artery dilatation, and need for longer follow-up were not associated with HRQoL outcomes at any time point. Intravenous immunoglobulin nonresponders demonstrated lower HRQoL at admission, which did not persist at follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS
Children with KD experience acute and significant HRQoL impairment exceeding that of children with newly diagnosed pneumonia, but the scores return to baseline at long-term follow-up. The recoveries at short- and long-term intervals are similar to patients with pneumonia.
MODELO CONCEPTUAL DE LA EVOLUCIÓN-CRECIMIENTO CON DIVERSIDAD COMERCIAL RURAL: PLAZA EJIDAL GANADERA PUENTE SAN BERNABÉ, ESTADO DE MÉXICO
Authors: Teófilo-Salvador Eduardo , Teófilo-Salvador Eduardo 
Published: February 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación fue generar el modelo conceptual que ha permitido la evolución y el crecimiento del Tianguis y Plaza Ganadera Ejidal Puente San Bernabé en Almoloya de Juárez, como punto de encuentro para la comercialización de productos diversos. Se inició con la ubicación del sitio dentro de un marco regional y estatal; se identificaron los giros comerciales y se dio el reconocimiento de los actores involucrados. Se realizaron aforos de afluencia peatonal y se revisó del crecimiento superficial en el tiempo; finalmente, se evaluó la información recolectada para formular la propuesta de modelo conceptual. Se ha obtenido que los giros comerciales han sido el motor de supervivencia, aún por encima de otros mercados cercanos, la accesibilidad de precios y la disponibilidad de espacios, verificado al realizar ciclos iterativos en el modelo conceptual. Sin embargo, quienes intercambian sus productos son los menos favorecidos. De esta forma, a pesar de la marginación, la competitividad con comercios establecidos, la volatilidad de los precios y la ubicación rural, el actual Tianguis ha tenido un crecimiento de más del 260% en los últimos 17 años gracias a la diversidad de productos que se comercializan cada lunes.
SABERES RURALES EN EL SISTEMA EDUCATIVO MEXICANO: SIGNIFICADOS COMUNITARIOS EN EL NORESTE DEL PAÍS
Authors: Salazar Jasso Aileen , Cogco C. Adolfo 
Published: February 2022

El propósito de este artículo es analizar los significados sociales atribuidos a la escolarización rural en el estado de Tamaulipas, México. Se realizó un estudio de caso en el ejido El Tigre, de enero de 2015 a diciembre de 2018, mediante un diseño narrativo con distintos actores educativos. Se concluyó que el sistema educativo genera distancias entre la lógica escolar y la vida rural. No obstante, la comunidad legitima a la escuela como parte de su entorno cotidiano y la significa como el mundo en donde encuentra un reconocimiento social, existencial y jurídico.
MILITANTES SINDICALES EN JUJUY, ARGENTINA. UN ESTUDIO DEL COMPROMISO POLÍTICO DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE CARRERA
Authors: Berardi Spairani Adrián Pablo 
Published: February 2022

Este artículo analiza la militancia sindical en la provincia de Jujuy, Argentina, entre los años 2015 y 2017. El objetivo es dar cuenta de los elementos que condicionan y determinan el compromiso político de este tipo de militancia. Se trabajó con un enfoque microestructural y se recurrió a una metodología cualitativa a partir del relato de vida. Así, se pudo identificar que las carreras militantes comparten secuencias que son comunes, pero las prácticas políticas y las miradas respecto de su propia militancia difieren en tanto están condicionadas por sus espacios de participación.
The effects of Oldenlandia diffusa water extract on glucose metabolism and inflammation level in rats with streptozotocin-induced gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Xie Fengfeng , Wang Haiou , Cao Qianqian , Chen Qiuyue , Lin Feng 
Published: February 2022

To reveal the effects of Oldenlandia diffusa (OD) on relieving the progression and development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and explore the underlying mechanism. A rat model of GDM was established by streptozotocin injection. The effects of OD on GDM rats were evaluated by measuring the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and exposing to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and histological evaluation of the pancreas. The levels of insulin and inflammation response-related factors (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, Interleukin [IL]-6 and IL-1β) were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, immunoblot assay was performed to investigate the effects of OD on the nuclear factor-κb (NF-κB) pathway and 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. OD decreased blood glucose level, pancreatic tissue damage, and insulin secretion in GDM rats. OD also reduced serum inflammatory levels (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) in GDM rats. Mechanically, OD could inhibit NF-κB pathway and activate AMPK pathway in the pancreatic tissue of GDM rats. OD affected glucose metabolism and inflammation level in rats with streptozotocin-induced GDM, and the underlying mechanism was through AMPK pathway. OD might serve as a promising and potential drug for the treatment of GDM.