bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ring‐legged earwig Euborellia annulipes as a new model for oogenesis and development studies in insects
Authors: Núñez‐Pascual Valentina , Calleja Felipe , Pardo Renato V. , Sarrazin Andres F. , Irles Paula 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInsects are the dominant group of animals on Earth. Despite this abundance, most of our knowledge about many aspects of their biology and development come from a unique model, the vinegar fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Nevertheless, in the last years, the advances in molecular tools and imaging techniques have allowed the emergence of new insect models, adding valuable information to decipher the morphogenetic bases behind the formation and evolution of the vast diversity of shapes, sizes, and patterns that characterize them. Earwigs belong to Dermaptera which is a small order clustered in the Polyneopteran group. They are hemimetabolous insects with a flattened body, characteristic abdominal pincers, and maternal care behavior. This last feature and their role in agroecosystems have been studied in cosmopolitan species such as Forficula auricularia and Euborellia annulipes; however, their reproduction and embryonic development have been poorly addressed in laboratory conditions. In response, here we describe the ring‐legged earwig Euborellia annulipes embryogenesis and life cycle from nymphal to adult stages, its reproduction, and essential morphological and behavioral characters. Additionally, using confocal and transmission electron microscopy we analyzed in detail the morphogenesis of its peculiar meroistic polytrophic ovary. Our aim is to provide an emerging model system to perform comparative studies on insect oogenesis, development, and morphological evolution.
Forgotten frontline workers: Environmental health service employees' perspectives on working during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Jordan Sarah R. , Daddato Andrea E. , Patel Hemali P. , Jones Christine D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundEnvironmental Health Service employees (EVS) sanitize healthcare facilities and are critical to preventing infection, but are under‐resourced during the COVID‐19 pandemic and at risk of burnout.ObjectiveUnderstand demands on EVS’ work and strain on resources during COVID‐19.DesignQualitative descriptive study conducted in winter 2020–2021.SettingOne quaternary care academic medical center in Colorado.ParticipantsA convenience sample of 16 EVS out of 305 eligible at the medical center. Fifty percent identified as Black, 31% as Hispanic, 6% as Asian, and 6% as White (another 6% identified as mixed race). Sixty‐nine percent were female, and half were born in a country outside the United States.MeasuresSemistructured telephone interviews. Interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed, and thematic analysis was used to identify key themes.ResultsFour themes illustrate EVS experiences with job strain and support during COVID‐19: (1) Needs for ongoing training/education, (2) Emotional challenges of patient care, (3) Resource/staffing barriers, and (4) Lack of recognition as frontline responders. Despite feeling unrecognized during the pandemic, EVS identified structural supports with potential to mitigate job strain, including opportunities for increased communication with interdisciplinary colleagues, intentional acknowledgment, and education for those who speak languages other than English. Strategies that can increase physical and emotional resources and reduce job demands have potential to combat EVS burnout.ConclusionsAs the surge of COVID‐19 cases continues to overwhelm healthcare facilities, healthcare systems and interdisciplinary colleagues can adopt policies and practices that ensure lower‐wage healthcare workers have access to resources, education, and emotional support.
Hospital characteristics by proportion of patients from disadvantaged neighborhoods
Authors: Hansmann Kellia J. , Powell W. Ryan , Golden Blair P. , Kind Amy J. H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNeighborhood disadvantage reflects historic and ongoing systemic injustices. Without addressing these upstream social determinants of health, hospitals may face different risk profiles for important quality metrics. Our objective was to assess differences in hospital characteristics where the proportion of patients residing in severely disadvantaged neighborhoods was high versus low. Using Medicare fee‐for‐service claims between January 1, 2014 and November 30, 2014 (5,807,499 hospital stays), we calculated area disadvantage share (ADS), the proportion of each hospital's discharges to severely disadvantaged neighborhoods, for 4528 hospitals. We examined hospital characteristics by a distribution of ADS and by risk‐adjusted 30‐day readmission. Hospitals in the highest decile cared for a higher proportion of Black patients, were more often located in rural areas, and had a higher patient risk of 30‐day readmission compared with all other deciles. Hospitals face unequal burdens of neighborhood disadvantage, a factor distinct from other social determinants such as rurality.
Evaluating the Impact of Peer Review on the Completeness of Reporting in Imaging Diagnostic Test Accuracy Research
Authors: Kazi Sakib , Frank Robert A. , Salameh Jean‐Paul , Fabiano Nicholas , Absi Marissa , Pozdnyakov Alex , Islam Nayaar , Korevaar Daniël A. , Cohen Jérémie F. , Bossuyt Patrick M. , Leeflang Mariska M.G. , Cobey Kelly D. , Moher David , Schweitzer Mark , Menu Yves , Patlas Michael , McInnes Matthew D.F. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundDespite the nearly ubiquitous reported use of peer review among reputable medical journals, there is limited evidence to support the use of peer review to improve the quality of biomedical research and in particular, imaging diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) research.PurposeTo evaluate whether peer review of DTA studies published by imaging journals is associated with changes in completeness of reporting, transparency for risk of bias assessment, and spin.Study TypeRetrospective cross‐sectional study.Study SampleCross‐sectional study of articles published in Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (JMRI), Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal (CARJ), and European Radiology (EuRad) before March 31, 2020.AssessmentInitial submitted and final versions of manuscripts were evaluated for completeness of reporting using the Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (STARD) 2015 and STARD for Abstracts guidelines, transparency of reporting for risk of bias assessment based on Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS‐2), and actual and potential spin using modified published criteria.Statistical TestsTwo‐tailed paired t‐tests and paired Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests were used for comparisons. A P value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.ResultsWe included 84 diagnostic accuracy studies accepted by three journals between 2014 and 2020 (JMRI = 30, CARJ = 23, and EuRad = 31) of the 692 which were screened. Completeness of reporting according to STARD 2015 increased significantly between initial submissions and final accepted versions (average reported items: 16.67 vs. 17.47, change of 0.80 [95% confidence interval 0.25–1.17]). No significant difference was found for the reporting of STARD for Abstracts (5.28 vs. 5.25, change of −0.03 [−0.15 to 0.11], P = 0.74), QUADAS‐2 (6.08 vs. 6.11, change of 0.03 [−1.00 to 0.50], P = 0.92), actual “spin” (2.36 vs. 2.40, change of 0.04 [0.00 to 1.00], P = 0.39) or potential “spin” (2.93 vs. 2.81, change of −0.12 [−1.00 to 0.00], P = 0.23) practices.ConclusionPeer review is associated with a marginal improvement in completeness of reporting in published imaging DTA studies, but not with improvement in transparency for risk of bias assessment or reduction in spin.Level of Evidence3Technical Efficacy Stage1
Benefits of using multiple Raman laser wavelengths for characterizing defects in a UO2 matrix
Authors: Karcher Samuel , Mohun Ritesh , Olds Travis , Weber Marc , Kriegsman Kyle , Zhao Xiaodong , Guo Xiaofeng , Corkhill Claire , Field David , McCloy John 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRaman spectroscopy is one of the most useful techniques for studying the structure of UO2 and changes due to specific defects caused by doping, changes in stoichiometry, irradiation, or heating under oxidizing conditions. In this paper, we illustrate several aspects of the application of Raman techniques to the study of UO2, including the use of wavelength‐dependent excitation (455, 532, and 785 nm) to assess the effects of doping (Nd, Th, and Zr), ion irradiation, and in situ heating and oxidation (UO2 to U3O8). Additionally, we show examples of how correlative microscopy is possible using electron backscatter diffraction combined with Raman maps of specific vibration bands or of laser‐induced luminescence generated by rare‐earth dopants in the matrix. For each of these applications, we suggest optimal excitation wavelengths that vary depending on the desired data. Blue (455 nm) excitation tends to promote oxidation even at low powers, but because Raman spectra change little with doping, irradiation‐induced changes are easier to observe. Green (532 nm) excitation is optimal for observing electron–phonon resonance effects in UO2 and offers a good compromise for high‐temperature oxidation experiments, delivering high‐quality spectra for both UO2 and U3O8. Infrared (785 nm) excitation is best for observing “defect” bands associated with doping in UO2, as changes with irradiation are small. Raman spectroscopy is particularly suited for studying the stability of UO2 towards oxidation in the presence of dopants simulating fission products, where electron–phonon resonant effects, dopant ion luminescence, and mapping can be used together to investigate structural rearrangement as a function of temperature. These techniques can offer insight into microstructural changes in UO2 fuels at higher burnups envisioned in future reactors.
Operative technique in laryngeal paraganglioma: A case series and literature review
Authors: Ananthapadmanabhan Saikrishna , Jabbour Joe , Tseros Evangelos , Sivapathasingam Vanaja , Smith Mark , Riffat Faruque , Sritharan Niranjan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundLaryngeal paragangliomas (LP) comprise a rare subset of head and neck neoplasms and are an important differential in the patient with a submucosal laryngeal mass.MethodsWe discuss an operative technique using coblation assisted excision via laryngofissure in the cases of four confirmed LPs and discuss the current literature with respect to diagnosis and management of these patients.ResultsOur case series of four patients demonstrate the laryngofissure approach for LP is safe, provides oncological cure and preserves laryngeal function. This technique with coblation has not been previously discussed in the surgical management of LPs. Patient‐reported postoperative voice and swallowing outcomes were excellent in all patients. Whole body imaging techniques were utilized in all patients, with octreotide scintigraphy demonstrating synchronous lesions in two of the four patients—one had a retroperitoneal lesion, whilst another patient had multiple lesions in the skull base, paravertebral region, liver, and adrenal gland.ConclusionsOur cases also highlight the changing clinical paradigms in the diagnostic approach of LPs and an emerging role for octreotide scintigraphy in the workup of these patients. Coblation assisted excision via laryngofissure is efficient and effective in the surgical resection of LP. In patients with multicentric forms of LP, the size, side, and anatomic location of synchronous lesions should be considered in surgical planning to determine feasibility and safety of operative management.Level of EvidenceIV
Multifunctional sustainable quercetin polyphenol/functionalized carbon nanotubes; semi‐transparent conductive films and 3D printing inks
Authors: Fares Mohammad M. , Radaydeh Samah K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSemi‐transparent conductive films (semi‐TCFs) were fabricated from sustainable onion quercetin polyphenol and functionalized carbon nanotubes (F‐CNTs) in presence of different metal ion crosslinking agents via layer‐by‐layer technique. Layer‐by‐layer semi‐TCFs were fabricated in presence of metal ion crosslinking agents of Ca2+, Ti2+, Sn2+, and Fe3+ ions. Optical transmittance values was in the range of 41%–67%, sheet resistance in 17–1567 kΩ/sq, and σdc/σop in 0.0005–0.02 range, which confirm their semi‐TCFs characteristics. Optimum performance of single‐layer F‐CNTs semi‐TCFs was as follows; transmittance = 46.6%, sheet resistance = 6.5 kΩ/sq, and σdc/σop = 0.06. 3D printing inks and injectable hydrogels were also fabricated from multifunctional sustainable onion/F‐CNTs in presence gelatin. Proposed mechanism of gelation was established for the 3D printing ink, and the semi‐Interpenetrating network hydrogel was verified using spectroscopic ATR‐FTIR technique. The injectable hydrogel showed promising characteristics of robustness, elasticity, anti‐microbial activity, biocompatibility, and stretchable low cost multifunctional materials that adapt them to be successfully employed in biomedical and surgical applications. Characteristic peaks that demonstrate chemical structure of quercetin and successful functionalization of F‐CNTs were observed in 1H‐NMR and ATR‐FTIR spectra. High thermal stability of F‐CNTs was observed (694°C) in TGA and DTG thermograms, and two C(002) and C(100) crystal structures of F‐CNTs were result. Topologic nanostructure of F‐CNTs and spherical shape clusters of quercetin were demonstrated using optical and scanning electron microscope images.
Enhancing immobilization of iron oxide particles on various polymer surfaces
Authors: Lupínková Simona , Benkocká Monika , Ryšánek Petr , Kolská Zdeňka 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe report the approach of successful immobilization of iron oxide particles (IOPs) on UV‐activated surface of polymers. PA6 (polyamide 6), PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), UHMWPE (ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene), and PP (polypropylene) foils were studied. The surface of polymers was firstly activated by UV radiation and subsequently grafted with IOPs. We have also investigated the effect of surface pre‐grafting with chitosan and triethanolamine on subsequent IOPs grafting. IOPs have been synthesized by co‐precipitation method of ferric and ferrous ions. The changes in surface properties of modified polymer foils before/after individual steps of modification were characterized by contact angle determination, electrokinetic analysis, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The contact angle decreased after UV activation due to the formation of oxygen polar groups. The presence of iron on the polymer surfaces, revealed by XPS, showed that IOPs were successfully bound to the polymer surfaces. XRD analysis confirmed that the prepared IOPs were in the form of magnetite (Fe3O4). The best results were obtained for the procedure containing UV surface activation, chitosan grafting, and subsequent IOPs immobilization.
Cutting the cord? Parenting emerging adults with chronic pain
Authors: Lunde Claire E. , Fisher Emma , Donovan Elizabeth , Serbic Danijela , Sieberg Christine B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe role of parent factors, such as distress and protective behaviors, on pain and functional outcomes of emerging adults living with chronic pain has been largely unexplored. The effects of helicopter parenting and developmental changes occurring during this transition period between adolescence and adulthood (commonly defined as the ages between 18 and 30 years) may exacerbate the pain experience and have the potential to influence chronic pain management. Clinical practice, with an additional focus on supporting the parent(s), may aid in meeting the needs of this population. In this paper, we review the available literature on (a) the socio‐cultural shift in parenting over the past decade with a focus on helicopter parenting; (b) the impact of this parenting style on the pain experience and outcomes of emerging adults living with chronic pain; (c) provide recommendations for chronic pain management with a focus on the parent‐emerging adult dyad; and (d) conclude with future research recommendations. This narrative review is the first to consider the impacts and outcomes of helicopter parenting on emerging adults with chronic pain.
Severe IgA vasculitis with features of remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE) syndrome in a 60‐year‐old male treated with plasmapheresis
Authors: Mathew Shawn , Goyal Rohan , Gupta Nealansh , Joks Rauno 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjective: To explore a possible association between systemic immunoglobulin A (IgA) vasculitis and RS3PE syndrome and to investigate specific treatment regimens for adults who present with IgA vasculitis with renal involvement.Methods: The patient was treated with plasmapheresis and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) every other day with 1g methylprednisolone daily for three days followed by oral prednisone taper. Mycophenolate mofetil twice daily and trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole for Pneumocystis jirovecii prophylaxis was started. In total the patient received two cycles of plasmapheresis and fresh frozen plasma.Results: The patient's renal function drastically improved with resolution of both abdominal pain and nausea.Conclusion: We illustrate a possible association between systemic IgA vasculitis and RS3PE syndrome, and this case demonstrates IgA vasculitis with renal involvement that acutely resolved with high‐dose glucocorticoids and plasmapheresis. Additionally, our specific treatment regimen can be a potential standard of care for adults who present with IgA vasculitis with renal involvement.
Human leukocyte antigen B polymorphism and association between HLA‐B27 and endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 rs30187 SNP in patients with ankylosing spondylitis in Bangladesh
Authors: Sajib Md Kamrul H. , Ahmed Shamim , Haq Syed A. , Choudhury Minhaj R. , Uddin Mohammed , Uddin Furkan , Khan Muhammad S. A. , Zaman Mohammad M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the association of Human leukocyte antigen B (HLA‑B) alleles with ankylosing spondylitis and the allelic association of HLA‐B27 with endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs30187 in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).MethodsWe studied 48 consecutively enrolled well‐defined AS patients and 48 healthy controls recruited from the outpatient clinic of the rheumatology department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. To genotype HLA‐B alleles from peripheral blood DNA, we designed sequence‐specific primers for polymerase chain reaction. Sanger's sequencing method was used to detect the ERAP1 rs30187 SNP. The HLA‐B allele distributions were compared between cases and controls. To infer an allelic association between HLA‐B27 and ERAP1, allele distributions from both loci were compared using cross‐tabulations. Chi‐squared test or Fisher's exact test was used to quantify the association, and their strength of association was tested by odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsThe frequency of HLA‐B27 was found to be higher in AS patients (60.4%) than in healthy controls (8.3%). HLA‐B27 allele had an OR of 16.8 (95% CI = 5.2–54.4) for the development of AS. Overall, 4% of AS patients had both HLA‐B27 and HLA‐B40. No significant association was found between ERAP1 rs30187 SNP and HLA‐B27 in patients with AS (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 0.5–5.6).ConclusionsHLA‐B27 was significantly associated with AS in patients in Bangladesh. However, no association between ERAP1 rs30187 SNP and HLA‐B27 was observed.
PFAS Experts Symposium 2: Statements on available in situ remediation technologies
Authors: Abrams Stewart , McGregor Rick , Burns Matthew , Galasso John , Havranek Timothy , Hesemann John , Longsworth Jeffrey , McDonough Jeffrey , Mora Rebecca 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAs a follow‐up to the PFAS Experts Symposium 2 held on June 30 and July 1, 2021, the In situ Remediation Technologies Committee prepared a technical and regulatory review of in situ technologies that are potentially applicable to sites with per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) contamination. The technologies included in the review were limited to those that are deemed commercially available and potentially applicable to sites with soil, groundwater, surface water, and sediment contamination. While the scope of commercially available in situ remediation technologies for PFAS remains limited, some in situ adsorption technologies, most notably activated carbon‐based technologies, can be considered fully commercialized. Though questions remain regarding the long‐term effectiveness of these technologies, field applications deployed for at least a half‐decade or more continue to demonstrate effectiveness.
Decentralized fixed‐time control for state‐constrained stochastic systems via nonlinear state‐dependent function approach
Authors: Yao Yangang , Tan Jieqing , Wu Jian , Zhang Xu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe issue of event‐triggered‐based decentralized fuzzy control of stochastic interconnected large‐scale nonlinear systems with full‐state constraints is studied in this article. By means of the fixed‐time command filtered dynamic surface control technology with the newly error compensating signals, a newly decentralized event‐triggered control scheme is proposed. Under the proposed scheme, the problem of “curse of dimensionality” that often occurs in the conventional backstepping design process is overcome, and the influence of filtering error on transient performance is effectively reduced. Meanwhile, the asymmetric time‐varying state constraints are dealt with by introducing the nonlinear state‐dependent functions. Compared with the conventional schemes of dealing with state constraints, the limitation that the virtual control functions need to satisfy the feasibility conditions is eliminated. In addition, a novel smooth function is constructed to deal with the obstacles caused by unknown interconnections. Simulation results verify the scheme developed.
Inference about ratios of age‐standardized rates with sampling errors in the population denominators for estimating both rates
Authors: Jiang Jiming , Li Yuanyuan , Nguyen Thuan , Yu Mandi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA rate ratio (RR) is an important metric for comparing cancer risks among different subpopulations. Inference for RR becomes complicated when populations used for calculating age‐standardized cancer rates involve sampling errors, a situation that arises increasingly often when sample surveys must be used to obtain the population data. We compare a few strategies of estimating the standardized RR and propose bias‐corrected ratio estimators as well as the corresponding variance estimators and confidence intervals that simultaneously consider the sampling error in estimating populations and the traditional Poisson error in the occurrence of cancer case or death. Performance of the proposed methods is evaluated empirically based on simulation studies. An application to immigration disparities in cancer mortality among Hispanic Americans is discussed. Our simulation studies show that a bias‐corrected RR estimator performs the best in reducing the bias without increasing the coefficient of variation; the proposed variance estimators for the RR estimators and associated confidence intervals are fairly accurate. Finding of our application study are both interesting and consistent with the common sense as well as the results of our simulation studies.