bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First record and morphological contributions of Procyrnea leptoptera (Rudolphi, 1819) (Nematoda: Habronematidae) in the kestrel Falco tinnunculus Linnaeus (Falconiformes: Falconidae) from Egypt
Authors: Haroun Sahar H. , Taha Rania G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe kestrelFalco tinnunculus, Linnaeus, 1758 is widely distributed in Europe, Asia, Africa, and East coast of North America. It is a predator species that belongs to family Falconidae. Nematode species of the genusProcyrneainfects the proventriculus and gizzard of the birds and may cause serious health hazards including inflammation, erosions, and ulcers for the infected gastric mucosa, general weakness and may lead to death. The present study aimed to improve the limited information regarding the endoparasites ofFalco tinnunculusin Egypt.ResultsNine males and twenty-one female nematodes were identified asProcyrnea leptoptera, Rudolphi 1819, Chabaud 1958, isolated from the proventriculus of common kestrel;Falco tinnunculusgathered from El-Faiyum governorate, Cairo, Egypt, as a new geographical record. The isolated species has been studied morphologically by light and scanning electron microscopy. It was revealed that it is characterized by two lateral pseudolabia with dorsal and ventral labia. The pseudolabium is divided into 2 lobes at the internal side, a number of medium-size teeth (4–6) in the buccal cavity on the interior border of pseudolapia, in addition to the presence of transverse striations. Also, the histopathological effects of the isolated nematode on the liver of the infected host revealed severe damage in the bird's tissues and morphological alterations including infiltration of inflammatory cells, congestion, focal necrosis, and degeneration of hepatic cells.ConclusionsRaptors likeFalco tinnunculusare infected with parasites via prey ingestion, so they are serving as intermediate hosts for many species of parasites. Due to the scarcity of studies for the helminth parasites of raptors in Egypt, further studies are needed to get additional precise data on the helminthic infection of raptors and their histopathological effects.
Undervalued and overlooked: the importance of private space in liaison psychiatry
Authors: Booker James , Cleak Victoria 
Published: July 2022

SUMMARYAccess to private space for psychiatric assessments is crucial to facilitate the effective gathering of salient information while preserving the dignity of patients. In this article, we discuss the current availability of private space for liaison psychiatry services on in-patient wards in general hospitals and reflect on how this affects communication with patients. Additionally, we propose solutions for healthcare trusts in addressing this issue.
Mitotane Targets Lipid Droplets to Induce Lipolysis in Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Authors: Warde Kate M , Lim Yi Jan , Ribes Martinez Eduardo , Beuschlein Felix , O’Shea Paula , Hantel Constanze , Dennedy Michael Conall 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare aggressive cancer with low overall survival. Adjuvant mitotane improves survival but is limited by poor response rates and resistance. Mitotane’s efficacy is attributed to the accumulation of toxic free cholesterol, predominantly through cholesterol storage inhibition. However, targeting this pathway has proven unsuccessful. We hypothesize that mitotane-induced free-cholesterol accumulation is also mediated through enhanced breakdown of lipid droplets.

Methodology
ATCC-H295R (mitotane-sensitive) and MUC-1 (mitotane-resistant) ACC cells were evaluated for lipid content using specific BODIPY dyes. Protein expression was evaluated by immunoblotting and flow cytometry. Cell viability was measured by quantifying propidium iodide-positive cells following mitotane treatment and pharmacological inhibitors of lipolysis.

Results
H295R and MUC-1 cells demonstrated similar neutral lipid droplet numbers at baseline. However, evaluation of lipid machinery demonstrated distinct profiles in each model. Analysis of intracellular lipid droplet content showed H295R cells preferentially store cholesteryl esters, whereas MUC-1 cells store triacylglycerol. Decreased lipid droplets were associated with increased lipolysis in H295R and in MUC-1 at toxic mitotane concentrations. Pharmacological inhibition of lipolysis attenuated mitotane-induced toxicity in both models.

Conclusion
We highlight that lipid droplet breakdown and activation of lipolysis represent a putative additional mechanism for mitotane-induced cytotoxicity in ACC. Further understanding of cholesterol and lipids in ACC offers potential novel therapeutic exploitation, especially in mitotane-resistant disease.
The Legacies of Empire in Nwaubani's I Do Not Come to You by Chance and Mengestu's All Our Names
Authors: Musila Grace A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
While the Black Lives Matter movement is widely recognized and supported in Africa, its framing prioritizes experiences of anti-Blackness in the United States and the Black diaspora. This is partly owing to the movement's genesis as a direct response to domestic forms of anti-Blackness, including police brutality, disproportionate Black incarceration, and systemic inequalities, but also because, as Jemima Pierre argues, Africa is often perceived as “the site of racial otherness,” making engagements with racialization in Africa appear redundant. This paper considers how two contemporary African writers—Nigerian Adaobi Tricia Nwaubani and Ethiopian American Dinaw Mengestu—comment on anti-Blackness in Africa. This article views Nwaubani's I Do Not Come to You by Chance and Mengestu's All Our Names as using trickster figures to critique the racially inflected narratives of modernity, Euro-American imperialism, and neoliberal capital in Africa. In the process, they invite us to join the dots between domestic patterns of anti-Black violence in the Black diaspora and Euro-American destruction of African lives through the debilitating systems of slavery, colonialism, the Cold War, and neoliberal capital in Africa. The two novels’ portraits challenge the Black Lives Matter movement's thin engagement with anti-Blackness in Africa by demonstrating how historic and ongoing dehumanization of Africans serves to normalize similar dehumanization of Afro-descended people across the globe.
Form and the Anticolonial Novel: William Gardner Smith'sThe Stone Face
Authors: McCarthy Jesse 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe category of the postcolonial novel is familiar, but what makes a novel anticolonial? This article attempts to answer this question by reconstructing a genealogy of anticolonial fiction. I argue that these novels are preeminently the product of a social and intellectual class that inherits Franco Moretti's novel of bourgeois subject formation with all the attendant problems and opportunities of traditional bourgeois realism, while seeking to replace the privileged place of irony in those texts with a partisan spirit of conviction. One consequence of this is a deeper investment in allegory and metonym, pressed into the service of a totalizing metaphor for the wholesale corruption of a society that must be entirely dissolved. Drawing on the work of Anne-Lise François, the article suggests that, more specifically, the history of decolonization and the literature that it engenders repeatedly figure torture, and scenes of torture, as the “open secret” that reveals the peculiar nature of social relations under colonialism. Examining these scenes closely reveals a set of problems for literary form that are inherent to the anticolonial novel of the postwar years of decolonization, recurring problematics that nonetheless make the case for its existence as a distinct genre. No novel better emblematizes this genre than William Gardner Smith's The Stone Face (1963). Smith's novel is read as an attempt to narrativize the problem of intersectionality for a revolutionary internationalism and to push back against some critiques of the novel, such as Paul Gilroy's, that have questioned the limits of its conception of solidarity and the function of racial blackness in its politics. The novel exemplifies, the article argues, both the greatest qualities and the greatest limitations of the anticolonial novel as a genre and offers an unromantic and ultimately sobering account of the ethical and aesthetic costs of revolutionary conviction.
High-Resolution Spinal Motor Mapping Using Thoracic Spinal Cord Stimulation in Patients With Chronic Pain
Authors: Telkes Ilknur , Hadanny Amir , DiMarzio Marisa , Chitnis Girish , Paniccioli Steven , O'Connor Katherine , Grey Rachael , McCarthy Kevin , Khazen Olga , McLaughlin Bryan , Pilitsis Julie G. 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND:
High-resolution spinal cord stimulation (HR-SCS) paddle can stimulate medial-dorsal columns and extend stimulation coverage to the laterally positioned spinal targets.

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the medio-lateral selectivity of an HR-SCS paddle in patients with chronic pain.

METHODS:
During standard-of-care spinal cord stimulation (SCS) placement, epidurally evoked electromyography and antidromic dorsal column–evoked potentials were recorded in 12 subjects using an HR-SCS paddle with 8 medio-lateral sites spanning the full epidural width at thoracic T9-12 and a commercial paddle consecutively.

RESULTS:
Recruitment maps were aligned with respect to physiological midline which was overlapping with anatomic midline in 10 of 11 cases. Overlapping contacts between the HR-SCS and commercial paddles exhibited similar patterns while HR-SCS demonstrated higher precision targeting of certain dermatomes. Spinal motor maps showed that the lateral contacts triggered stronger responses in medial gastrocnemius, adductor magnus, and tibialis anterior while the medial contacts triggered stronger responses in gluteus maximus and adductor hallucis. The time-locked popliteal fossa responses indicated ipsilateral activation by HR-SCS at the lateral contacts and bilateral activation at the medial contacts with stronger ipsilateral responses.

CONCLUSION:
This study is the first to perform high-resolution medio-lateral SCS mapping in patients with chronic pain. These results show promise that HR-SCS may provide additional ipsilateral recruitment within the extremities which improve targeting of focal pain in the lower extremities. Furthermore, this study supports the functional use of intraoperative neuromonitoring as a decision tool to determine physiological midline in thoracic SCS surgeries and provides a full methodological framework.
Enantioselective C–H Functionalization Using High-Valent Group 9 Metal Catalysts
Authors: Yoshino Tatsuhiko 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Group 9 transition metals with a cyclopentadienyl-type ligand are highly reactive catalysts for directed C–H functionalization reactions. In this review, we summarize our recent work on the development of enantioselective C–H functionalization reactions using achiral Rh(III) or Co(III) catalysts in combination with an external chiral source such as chiral sulfonates, a Lewis base, or carboxylic acids.
Missed nursing care: a snapshot case study in a medical ward in Australia
Authors: Albsoul Rania Ali , FitzGerald Gerard , Alshyyab Muhammad Ahmed 
Published: July 2022

Background: Missed nursing care is a global issue in acute healthcare settings. It is a complex phenomenon that refers to nursing care that is required by patients but left undone or significantly delayed. Aim: To investigate the nature of missed nursing care and influencing factors in a general medical ward in an acute care hospital in Brisbane, Australia. Method: This is a descriptive case study. The study was carried out in a 29-bed inpatient general medical/cardiology/telemetry ward in an acute care tertiary hospital. Results: The study ward has been identified as a high complexity unit. The survey data found that the most frequent nursing care elements missed, as reported by the patients, were oral care, response to machine beep, and response to call light. The most frequent nurse-reported missed care items were ambulation, monitoring fluid intake/output and attendance at interdisciplinary conferences. Conclusion: Despite mandating nurse-to-patient ratios in the study ward, inadequate staffing was still perceived as being problematic and one of the most frequent reasons leading to missed nursing care. This possible disconnect between mandated staffing ratios and the persistence of perceived missed care suggests a more complex relationship than can be managed by macro (large-scale) resourcing formulas alone.
A multidisciplinary approach to providing blended diet within the acute setting
Authors: Bremner Sarah , Brooks Michelle 
Published: July 2022

Background: Due to advances in medical care, including nutrition and hydration, children with neurological impairment are surviving longer. Many of these children are fed using a commercial formula via an enteral feeding tube. However, families are now becoming more interested in administering blended diet via their child's gastrostomy in a bid to reduce often significant gastrointestinal symptoms including reflux, constipation, gagging and retching post fundoplication. Aims: To describe the process undertaken by the authors' short-life working group to create safe, robust pathways to enable children to have access to blended diet while in the acute hospital setting. Methods: A multidisciplinary team short-life working group was established, which consisted of representatives from nursing, dietetics and catering. Following this a scoping exercise was undertaken to assess what practices were carried out in other health boards, prior to the creation of documentation. Conclusion: In conjunction with senior management and the Central Legal Office, the authors' short life working group has created safe, robust documentation and pathways to enable children in a large tertiary paediatric centre to access blended diet while in the acute setting. Due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic the pilot study to trial these documents within the neurology ward was delayed, however this work is ongoing. Furthermore, the authors will be looking to train nursing staff within ward areas to administer blended diet within the ward setting.
‘I didn't have any option’: experiences of people receiving in-centre haemodialysis during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Danton Ian , Kapadi Romaana , Elander James , Louth Charlotte , Selby Nicholas M , Taal Maarten W , Stalker Carol , Mitchell Kathryn 
Published: July 2022

Background/Aims: People receiving in-centre haemodialysis (ICHD) during the COVID-19 pandemic had to adjust to more challenging treatment conditions. This article aims to explore people's experiences of adjustment to ICHD during the pandemic. Methods: Thematic analysis of in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 14 adult UK ICHD patients. Findings: A total of four themes were identified: perceptions of the threat, impacts on treatment, impaired communication and coping and positive adjustment. These themes described participants' experiences of vulnerability to COVID-19; the ways the pandemic affected dialysis and clinical care; the impact that measures to reduce viral transmission had on communication and interaction within dialysis units; and ways that participants coped and made positive adjustments to the adversities imposed by the pandemic. Conclusions: The findings give insights into adjustment during extreme adversity. They also help to identify how support for ICHD patients could be improved as pandemic conditions recede and ways that dialysis units could prepare for future outbreaks of infectious illness.
Antimicrobial effects of bacterial binding to a dialkylcarbamoyl chloride-coated wound dressing: an in vitro study
Authors: Husmark Johanna , Morgner Bianka , Susilo Yusak Budi , Wiegand Cornelia 
Published: July 2022

Objective: Wound dressings that inactivate or sequestrate microorganisms, such as those with a hydrophobic, bacteria-binding dialkylcarbamoyl chloride (DACC) surface, can reduce the risk of clinical infections. This ‘passive’ bioburden control, avoiding bacterial cell wall disruption with associated release of bacterial endotoxins aggravating inflammation, is advantageous in hard-to-heal wounds. Hence, the full scope of DACC dressings, including the potential impact of higher inoculum densities, increased protein load and different pH on antibacterial activity, needs to be evaluated. Method: The Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) L 1902 challenge test was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the DACC-coated dressing against several World Health Organization (WHO)-prioritised wound pathogens (e.g., meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, microorganisms with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and Acinetobacter baumannii), the effect of repeated bacterial challenge in an adverse wound environment, and antimicrobial performance at wound-related pH. Results: High antibacterial activity of the DACC-coated dressing against the WHO-prioritised bacteria strains by its irreversible binding and inhibition of growth of bound bacteria was confirmed using JIS L 1902. At increased inoculation densities, compared to standard conditions, the DACC-coated dressing still achieved strong-to-significant antibacterial effects. Augmenting the media protein content also affected antibacterial performance; a 0.5–1 log reduction in antibacterial activity was observed upon addition of 10% fetal calf serum. The pH did not influence antibacterial performance. The DACC-coated dressing also sustained antibacterial activity over subsequent reinfection steps. Conclusion: It can be assumed that the DACC-coated dressing exerts beneficial effects in controlling the wound bioburden, reducing the overall demand placed on antibiotics, without using antimicrobial substances.
Meaningful values in the Short Form Health Survey-36 after total knee arthroplasty – an alternative to the EuroQol five-dimension index as a measure for health-related quality of life
Authors: Clement Nick D. , Weir David , Deehan David 
Published: July 2022

Aims To identify the responsiveness, minimal clinically important difference (MCID), minimal clinical important change (MIC), and patient-acceptable symptom state (PASS) thresholds in the 36-item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36) (v2) for each of the eight dimensions and the total score following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods There were 3,321 patients undergoing primary TKA with preoperative and one-year postoperative SF-36 scores. At one-year patients were asked how satisfied they were and “How much did the knee arthroplasty surgery improve the quality of your life?”, which was graded as: great, moderate, little (n = 277), none (n = 98), or worse. Results Physical function, role limitations due to physical problems (‘role physical’), bodily pain, and the total score SF-36 scores demonstrated the greatest effect sizes (> 0.9). The MCID for each of SF-36 dimensions ranged from 1.7 for role emotional to 6.4 for bodily pain. The MICs for a cohort of patients ranged from -1.0 for general health to 11.1 for bodily pain. The MICs for an individual patient were marginally greater (one to two points) compared to those for a cohort, and ranging from 0.0 for general and mental health to 13.5 for physical function. The lowest PASS score threshold was associated with physical function (> 34 points) whereas the greatest threshold (> 69 points) was associated with mental health. Conclusion The SF-36 is a responsive tool, and the estimates for MCID, MIC, and PASS thresholds that can be used to power studies, assess whether there has been a meaningful change in patients’ health-related quality of life, and can be used as a marker of achieving patient satisfaction following TKA. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(7):477–483.
Hemodynamic and analgesic effect of intrathecal fentanyl with bupivacaine in patients undergoing elective cesarean section; a prospective cohort study
Authors: Ebrie Ayub Mohammed , Woldeyohanis Misrak , Abafita Bedru Jemal , Ali Siraj Ahmed , Zemedkun Abebayehu , Yimer Yusuf , Ashebir Zewetir , Mohammed Salih 
Published: July 2022

Background
Spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine has side effects such as hypotension, respiratory depression, vomiting, and shivering. The side effects are dose-dependent, therefore different approaches have been attempted to avoid spinal-induced complications including lowering the dose of local anesthetic and mixing it with additives like Neuraxial opioids.

Objective
To compare the Hemodynamic and analgesic effects of intrathecal fentanyl as an adjuvant with low and conventional doses of bupivacaine in patients undergoing elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.

Methodology
An institutional-based prospective cohort study was conducted on 90 patients. Data was collected with chart review, intraoperative observation, and postoperatively patient interview. Data was entered into EPI INFO and transport to SPSS version 23 for analysis of variables using one-way ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis H rank test, and chi-square.

Result
Hypotension but not bradycardia, was significantly frequent in a conventional dose of bupivacaine alone (CB) group and a conventional dose of bupivacaine with fentanyl (CBF) groups than that of the lower dose of bupivacaine with fentanyl (LBF) groups. Duration of analgesia was significantly longer in LBF (248± 35.6 minutes) and in CBF groups (260.3±40.3 minutes) than in CB group (167.10 ± 31.45 minutes). Time for the first analgesic request was significantly later in LBF (304±47.8 minutes) and CBF (294.6±99.5 minutes) groups than that in CB group (177±25.88 minutes).

Conclusion
The Lower dose of bupivacaine is associated with less risk of hypotension and faster recovery. Adding fentanyl with the lower dose of bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia for cesarean section could provide comparable anesthesia with the lower risk of hypotension and longer postoperative analgesia.
Diabetic health literacy and associated factors among diabetes mellitus patients on follow up at public hospitals, Bale Zone, South East Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Mogessie Hailye Mamo , Gebeyehu Mulugeta Adugnew , Kenbaw Mitaw Girma , Tadesse Tesfaye Assefa 
Published: July 2022

Objective
This study was aimed to assess diabetic health literacy and associated factors among adult diabetic patients in public hospitals, Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia.

Methods
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 402 diabetic patients in three public hospitals and the samples were selected using simple random sampling technique. The comprehensive functional, communicative, and critical health literacy questionnaire was used to measure diabetic health literacy. Descriptive statistics and Ordinary logistic regression analyses were conducted, and a P-value of < 0.05 was considered to declare a result as statistically significant.

Result
A total of 402 diabetic patients were involved in the study. Of all respondents, 41.8%, 27.9%, and 30.3% had low, moderate, and high diabetic health literacy respectively. Educational status; can’t read and write (AOR = 0.085;95% CI: 0.03,0.26), can read and write (AOR = 0.10; 95% CI: 0.04,0.30), primary school (AOR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.09,0.67), secondary school (AOR = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.14,0.99), duration of onset ≤5 years (AOR = 2.05; 95% CI:1.09,4.19), being not member of DM association (AOR = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.26,0.73), having ≤ 3 diabetes mellitus information sources (AOR = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.03,0.77), social support; poor (AOR = 0.40;95% CI: 0.21,0.79), and moderate (AOR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.28,0.92) were significantly associated with diabetic health literacy.

Conclusion
A substantial number of diabetic patients had low diabetic health literacy. Educational status, Sources of diabetic information, Member of DM association, and social support were significantly and positively associated with diabetic health literacy. But, duration of diabetes onset was negatively associated with diabetic health literacy of respondents. So, we recommend providing readable and picturized printed materials, and diabetic patient education to be considered.