bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiscale Structural Control by Matrix Engineering for Polydimethylsiloxane Filled Graphene Woven Fabric Strain Sensors
Authors: Wu Ying , An Chao , Guo Yaru , Kang Liying , Wang Yang , Wan Haixiao , Tang Haijun , Ma Qianyi , Yang Chunming , Xu Ming , Zhao Yixin , Jiang Naisheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractElastomer cure shrinkage during composite fabrication often induces wrinkling in conductive networks, significantly affecting the performance of flexible strain sensors, yet the specific roles of such wrinkles are not fully understood. Herein, a highly sensitive polydimethylsiloxane‐filled graphene woven fabric (PDMS‐f‐GWF) strain sensor by optimizing the PDMS cure shrinkage through careful adjustment of the base‐to‐curing‐agent ratio is developed. This sensor achieves a gauge factor of ∼700 at 25% strain, which is over 6 times higher than sensors using commercially formulated PDMS. This enhanced sensing performance is attributed to multiscale structural control of the graphene network, enabled by precisely tuned cure shrinkage of PDMS. Using in situ scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray scattering, and Raman spectroscopy, an optimized PDMS base‐to‐curing‐agent ratio of 10:0.8 is show that enables interconnected structural changes from atomic to macroscopic scales, including larger “real” strain within the graphene lattice, enhanced flattening of graphene wrinkles, and increased crack density. These findings highlight the critical role of elastomer shrinkage in modulating the multiscale structure of conductive networks, offering new insights into matrix engineering strategies that advance the sensing performance of elastomer‐based flexible strain sensors.
A Moldable, Tough Mineral‐Dominated Nanocomposite as a Recyclable Structural Material
Authors: Yu Yadong , Li Yexuan , Gong Zeyu , Liao Peng , Ma Yanyu , Zhou Lina , Gong Junbo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFlexible hybrid minerals, primarily composed of inorganic ionic crystal nanolines and a small amount of organic molecules, have significant potential for the development of sustainable structural materials. However, the weak interactions and insufficient crosslinking among the inorganic nanolines limit the mechanical enhancement and application of these hybrid minerals in high‐strength structural materials. Inspired by tough biominerals and modern reinforced concrete structures, this study proposes introducing an aramid nanofiber (ANF) network as a flexible framework during the polymerization of calcium phosphate oligomers (CPO), crosslinked by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA). This approach allows the flexible inorganic nanolines formed through CPO polymerization to be integrated into the organic framework, thereby creating tough mineral‐based structural materials (inorganic content: 70.7 wt.%), denoted as PVA/SA/ANF/CPO (PSAC). The multiple intermolecular interactions between the organic and inorganic phases, combined with the integrated nano‐reinforced concrete structure, endow PSAC with significantly enhanced tensile strength (86.6 ± 8.6 MPa), comparable to that of high‐strength polymer plastics. Moreover, PSAC possesses excellent plasticity and flame retardancy. The noncovalent molecular interactions within PSAC enable efficient recyclability. Consequently, PSAC has the potential to replace high‐strength polymer plastics and structural components, providing a promising avenue for developing high‐strength and toughness mineral‐based structural materials.
Kinetically Tailored Chemical Vapor Deposition Approach for Synthesizing High‐Quality Large‐Area Non‐Layered 2D Materials
Authors: Kim Jiha , Son Eunbin , Choi Yunseong , Choi Kyoung Jin , Baik Jeong Min , Park Hyesung 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNon‐layered 2D materials offer unique and more advantageous physicochemical properties than those of conventional 2D layered materials. However, the isotropic chemical bonding nature of non‐layered materials hinders their lateral growth, making the synthesis of large‐area continuous thin films challenging. Herein, a facile kinetically tailored chemical vapor deposition (KT‐CVD) approach is introduced for the synthesis of 2D molybdenum nitride (MoN), a representative non‐layered material. Large‐scale thin films of MoN with lateral dimensions of up to 1.5 cm × 1.5 cm are obtained by modulating the vapor pressure of nitrogen feedstock and disrupting the thermodynamically favored growth kinetics of non‐layered materials. The growth of stable crystalline phases of MoN (δ‐MoN and γ‐Mo2N) is also realized using the proposed KT‐CVD approach. The δ‐MoN synthesized via KT‐CVD demonstrates excellent surface‐enhanced Raman scattering and robust thermal stability. This study provides an effective strategy for developing scalable and high‐quality non‐layered 2D materials, expanding the fabrication and application of devices based on non‐layered materials.
Asymmetric Microgels with Tunable Morphologies by Assembly‐Guided Polymerization of Liquid Crystalline Monomers
Authors: Wolter Nadja A. , Küttner Hannah , Schmitz Jonas , Karg Matthias , Pich Andrij 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUnderstanding and controlling the morphology of microgels is crucial for optimizing their properties and functions in diverse areas of application. The fabrication of microgels that exhibit both structural and chemical anisotropy using a template‐free approach faces significant challenges. Existing approaches toward such microgels are typically limited to templating methods with low throughput. Here, an alternative bottom‐up approach is developed for producing non‐spherical N‐vinylcaprolactam (VCL) based microgels through semi‐batch precipitation polymerization, incorporating a functional comonomer with a liquid crystalline (LC) moiety. 4‐methoxybenzoic acid 4‐(6‐acryloyloxy‐hexyloxy)phenyl ester (LCM) is used as the LC comonomer. The resulting morphology of those microgels is tuned to multilobe‐, dumbbell‐, and raspberry‐like shapes. The different morphologies are obtained by varying the addition time of LCM, temperature, solvent ratio, and monomer ratio. The microgel morphologies are characterized by (cryogenic) transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The thermoresponsiveness is investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS), while the incorporation of LCM into the microgel structure is determined via 1H‐NMR and Raman spectroscopy. The experimental data indicate that adjusting reaction conditions enables the fabrication of microgels with various morphologies. Finally, their capability to solubilize hydrophobic substances is demonstrated by successfully facilitating the uptake of the hydrophobic dye Nile Red (NR).
Plasma‐Enhanced Grain Growth and Non‐Radiative Recombination Mitigation in CsSnBr3 Perovskite Films for High‐Performance, Lead‐Free Photodetectors
Authors: Lin Zewen , Lin Zhenxu , Wu Haixia , Huang Rui , Song Jie , Chen Kaitao , Xia Li , Zhang Yi , Lin Huihong , Li Hongliang , Hou Dejian , Guo Yanqing , Chu Paul K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTin‐based halide perovskites represent a highly promising and eco‐friendly alternative to lead‐based materials with significant potential for optoelectronic applications. However, their advancement is hampered by challenges such as poor film crystallinity and unintended self‐doping. Herein, this work reports the fabrication of high‐quality CsSnBr3 perovskite films by plasma‐assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD), which improves the film quality. The precise control of the ammonia plasma not only promotes grain growth and reduces grain boundaries, but also eliminates defect states in the film, mitigates oxidation of Sn2+, suppresses sub‐bandgap absorption, and reduces non‐radiative recombination. Consequently, the photodetectors deliver exceptional performance, including a responsivity of 11.2 A W−1, a detectivity of 2.5 × 1011 Jones, and an ultrafast response time of 1/3.3 ms. Notably, certain key metrics, including detectivity (D*) and response time, significantly surpass those of all previously reported photoconductor‐type Sn‐based perovskite photodetectors. The results offer not only a novel strategy for enhancing the quality and optoelectronic performance of CsSnBr3 films but also a scalable platform for the development of high‐performance, lead‐free perovskite materials and devices. The new knowledge opens new possibilities for the design and fabrication of sustainable materials for advanced optoelectronic applications.
Deep Learning‐Assisted Electronic Skin System Capable of Capturing Spatiotemporal and Mechanical Features of Social Touch to Enhance Human–Robot Emotion Recognition
Authors: Huang Jinrong , Sun Yuqiong , Jiang Yongchang , Li Jie‐an , Sun Xidi , Cao Xun , Zheng Youdou , Pan Lijia , Shi Yi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn human interactions, social touch communication is widely used to convey emotions, emphasizing its critical role in advancing human–robot interactions by enabling robots to understand and respond to human emotions, thereby significantly enhancing their service capabilities. However, the challenge is to dynamically capture social touch with sufficient spatiotemporal and mechanical resolution for deep haptic data analysis. This study presents a robotic system with flexible electronic skin and a high‐frequency signal circuit, utilizing deep neural networks to recognize social touch emotions. The electronic skin, made from double cross‐linked ionogels and microstructured arrays, has a low force detection threshold (8 Pa) and a wide perception range (0–150 kPa), enhancing the mechanical resolution of touch signals. By incorporating a high‐speed readout circuit capable of capturing spatiotemporal features of social touch gesture information at 30 Hz, the system facilitates precise analysis of touch interactions. A 3D convolutional neural network with a Squeeze‐and‐Excitation Attention module achieves 87.12% accuracy in recognizing social touch gestures, improving the understanding of emotions conveyed through touch. The effectiveness of the system is validated through interactive demonstrations with robotic dogs and humanoid robots, demonstrating its potential to enhance the emotional intelligence of robots.
Intensified Biological Oxidation of Ciprofloxacin Using Acoustic Cavitation‐Based Pretreatment
Authors: Iyer Akshara M. , Jayanarayan Lakshmi N. , Gogate Parag R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe present work investigates the intensification of biological oxidation of ciprofloxacin‐based synthetic effluent using acoustic cavitation‐based pretreatment techniques. Cow‐dung based sludge acclimatized with the effluent was used for the biological oxidation experiments at a 1:3 sludge to effluent loading for a treatment time of 48 h. Conventional biological oxidation resulted in 48.79% CIP degradation, which was demonstrated to be enhanced through acoustic cavitation‐based pretreatment. The optimized conditions for cavitation were 125 W power and a 70% duty cycle, and the optimum oxidant loadings for the combination studies were 150 mg/L H2O2, 150 mg/L of potassium persulfate (KPS), and 200 mg/h of O3. The enhanced CIP degradation after application of pretreatment was 63.27%, 79.23%, 68.27%, and 82.27% for AC, AC + H2O2, AC + KPS, and AC + O3 based pretreated effluents, respectively. Toxicity analysis against test organisms Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae using the agar well diffusion method confirmed that pretreatment reduced the toxicity leading to enhanced biodegradation. Overall, the current work elucidated the efficiency of acoustic cavitation combined with KPS for the effective biological oxidation of ciprofloxacin.
Idiopathic multifocal steatitis presenting as a falciform mass and treated with surgery alone in a dog
Authors: Choi Syn Yoo , Villedieu Erika 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA 6‐year‒11‐month‐old, male neutered miniature schnauzer presented with sudden‐onset vomiting, diarrhoea and anorexia, approximately 2 weeks after a dental procedure. Biochemistry revealed a negative canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity, and elevated C‐reactive protein. Diagnostic imaging revealed a large, fat‐attenuating, irregular mass in the cranioventral abdomen along with multiple omental nodules. Fine needle aspiration of abdominal mass was consistent with neutrophilic inflammation. Exploratory coeliotomy was performed and the mass was identified as the enlarged, firm falciform fat, which was excised en bloc. Histopathology on this and on the omental nodules was consistent with steatitis and necrosis, with no evidence for neoplasia, and with a negative bacterial culture. All clinical signs resolved following surgery. At the time of follow‐up, there was no evidence of recurrence of clinical signs and treatment with glucocorticoids was not necessary. This is an unusual case of presumed idiopathic multifocal steatitis with a mass‐forming lesion, and resolution after surgery alone.
Transmylohyoid endotracheal intubation in a dog for hard palate surgery
Authors: Au Ho Yue Clara , Ward Robert 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA 7‐year 2‐month‐old, entire, male Springer Spaniel dog was presented to the oncology service at the Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies for a nasopharyngeal mass. The patient underwent a debulking surgery of the tumour under general anaesthesia, and a transmylohyoid endotracheal intubation was performed for the airway management. The surgery and the anaesthesia were uneventful. No complication associated with the surgical site and intubation incision site was reported. The patient received radiotherapy following the surgery, and there was no sign of disease recurrence in the follow‐up consults.
Effect of Free‐Stream Turbulence on the Power Performance and Wake Characteristics of Paired Counter‐Rotating Vertical‐Axis Wind Turbines
Authors: Talamalek Ayoub , Runacres Mark C. , De Troyer Tim 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTVertical‐axis wind turbines (VAWTs) operate in the atmospheric boundary layer and are frequently subjected to turbulent flow. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of free‐stream turbulence on the power performance and wake characteristics of a pair of counter‐rotating VAWTs. The research was conducted using wind tunnel experiments, which involved testing an isolated VAWT and two configurations of paired VAWTs with different rotational direction combinations. The experiments were conducted under two different turbulence intensities, 0.39% and 6.7%, with the latter being achieved by placing a passive wooden grid in the wind tunnel. The mechanical power output of the turbines was measured through torque and angular speed sensors, and the wake up to six rotor diameters downstream of paired VAWTs was characterised using constant temperature anemometry. The results show that when the turbulence intensity increases, the power coefficient of the isolated VAWT increases by 11%, while paired VAWTs experience an increase of up to 15%. Additionally, it is shown that the impact of increased free‐stream turbulence on the evolution and recovery of the wake is minimal, leading to only a slight reduction in the velocity deficit.
Performance Enhancement in Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Using Blade With Split
Authors: Tuken Adilkhan , Yigit Cemil 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe positive effects of passive flow control on the blade that uses various methods on the aerodynamic performances of horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) are well‐known. In the current study, splits were made on the blade for passive aerodynamic stall control. A numerical study using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling was conducted to investigate the split impacts on the HAWT blades. The blades are designed using NREL's S819 profile at the root section and NACA 63‐415 profile at the middle and tip sections. Chord length and angle of attack are determined by blade element momentum (BEM) theory. In the optimization process, the slope, position, width, and number of the splits were taken as parameters, and the optimum blade design was created. A steady‐state turbulent flow and transition SST turbulence model was used for the moving reference frame calculation to find the optimum split parameters. The flow in the rotating and stationary zones was solved in an unsteady state by the sliding‐mesh method. Compared with the reference blade, numerical results showed that the power coefficient (Cp) of the single‐split blade with a width of 1.5 mm and a slope of 120° increased to 0.322, an increase of 9.2%. It has been determined that the optimum blade design reaches its maximum Cp at a lower tip–speed ratio (TSR) compared with the reference blade without splits. As a result, the study revealed that using split blades can increase energy production with passive flow control, especially in small‐scale HAWTs.
Identification of Lightweighting Potentials Towards More Sustainable Products via the Functional Lifecycle Energy Analysis (FLCEA)
Authors: König Kristian , Mathieu Janis , Vielhaber Michael 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn times of increasing material scarcity and still not widespread availability of renewable energy, it is inevitable to seize all opportunities to improve the resource efficiency of any product. In particular, this promotes lightweight design as a key technology to reduce both material and energy consumption across the entire product lifecycle. Therefore, systematically exploiting lightweighting potentials already on a functional level remains a major challenge requiring methods of product development to be applied in the early phase of each development cycle ensuring the implementation of the holistically best solution from a sustainability point of view. Thus, the proposed “functional lifecycle energy analysis” (FLCEA) provides a remedy to effectively implement lightweight design in products by identifying recommendations for action regarding future product generations, resulting in a holistic energy optimization. In this contribution, the methodology is presented in parallel to its implementation in the use case of conceptual designing a semi-mobile handling system. As a result of this study, it was not only possible to identify lightweighting potentials of the system-in-development, but also to analyze technical product functions requiring modifications in view of the circular economy to holistically improve the ecological sustainability of the entire system.
Research on the Development Mode and Path of Green Design of Industrial Products in China
Authors: Song Yizhi , Yang Benxiao , Liu Xiaqing , Zhang Jianhua , Li Frida , Tong Xinyi , Feldman Jerome 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGreen product design takes the coordinated development of humans and nature as the fundamental goal. The green design of industrial products plays the first lever function to start the sustainable development of industry and promotes the construction of green manufacturing system. As one of the world's largest consumer markets, China’s green design of industrial products is of great significance to slowing down global warming and addressing global climate issues. By combing through China’s nationwide green design initiatives, this paper interprets China’s pre-planned green design concepts, analyzes the green design paths and development patterns of China’s industrial products, summarizes achievements and lessons learned, and demonstrates future development.
Feasibility Study and Economic Evaluation of Direct Contact Prelithiation of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Stumper Benedikt , Südfeld Henning , Diller Felix , Daub Rüdiger 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe increasing need for energy storage across various sectors drives the growing demand for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. Prelithiation has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the capacity and cycle life of lithium-ion batteries. This study investigates the technical feasibility and economic viability of a scalable, roll-to-roll prelithiation process. Using an evaluation methodology adapted from literature, a comprehensive feasibility study and economic evaluation were conducted, considering the industrial-scale implementation of the process. The evaluation demonstrates that the direct contact prelithiation process utilizing lithium foil is technically feasible and suitable for industrial application. The economic viability of the process heavily relies on the lithium price, which constitutes a significant cost factor. The direct contact prelithiation process offers substantial benefits in terms of capacity and cycle life, resulting in enhanced cost-effectiveness of prelithiated lithium-ion batteries. The feasibility study and economic evaluation provide valuable insights implementing direct contact prelithiation as a viable strategy to improve lithium-ion battery performance. The findings contribute to advancing battery technology, manufacturing processes, and overall economic efficiency for diverse applications.
The Role of Behavioural and Environmental Economics in Sustainable Manufacturing
Authors: Kaur Rashmeet , Patsavellas John , Salonitis Konstantinos 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSustainable manufacturing is a rapidly growing field that primarily seeks to reduce the environmental impact of manufacturing processes. Although the three-lens approach of social, environmental, and economic aspects remain the primary focus in any sustainability study, the domains of behavioral, and environmental economics along with smart data technologies have not been used in a unified approach. Through a review of the state of the art, this paper establishes the individual cases for each one of these domains and underscores the research interest in their combinatorial application and possible complementary efficacy for advancing the development of sustainable manufacturing strategies. A research agenda involving comparative testing and the development of pertinent policies and interventions for sustainable manufacturing is proposed for the integration of behavioral economics and environmental economics, within the context of sustainable manufacturing.
Work Throughout the Industrial Revolutions and the Impacts of Industry 4.0 on Workers
Authors: Kawashima Mariana Lazari , Braatz Daniel , Lizarelli Fabiane Letícia 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe concepts of work found in literature distinguish themselves and approach the subject from different perspectives. Aiming to expand and update the reflection on work and its implications for workers, this article presents the main characteristics of human work throughout history from the perspective of industrial revolutions and the potential impacts that the Industry 4.0 paradigm has on it. As critical components of the social sustainability pillar, work and workers must be a focal point in the face of technological changes with potential impacts. To achieve this, impressions of professionals from academic and industrial institutions in Brazil and Germany were collected through self-administered questionnaires and subjected to content analysis. The process highlights impacts ranging from physical aspects of work environments to psychological effects on workers. Ultimately, the article concludes by offering a thoughtful reflection on future guidelines for human work in the context of the new industrial model.