bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping the planet’s critical natural assets
Authors: Chaplin-Kramer Rebecca , Neugarten Rachel , Sharp Richard , Collins Pamela , Polasky Stephen , Hole David , Schuster Richard , Strimas-Mackey Matthew , Mulligan Mark , Brandon Carter , Diaz Sandra , Fluet-Chouinard Etienne , Gorenflo LJ , Johnson Justin , Kennedy Christina , Keys Patrick , Longley-Wood Kate , McIntyre Peter , Noon Monica , Pascual Unai , Liermann Catherine Reidy , Roehrdanz Patrick , Schmidt-Traub Guido , Shaw M. , Spalding Mark , Turner Will , Soesbergen Arnout van , Watson Reg 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Sustaining the organisms, ecosystems, and processes that underpin human well-being is necessary to achieve sustainable development. Here we identify critical natural assets, natural and semi-natural ecosystems that provide 90% of the total current magnitude of 14 types of nature’s contributions to people (NCP). Critical natural assets for maintaining local-scale NCP (12 of the 14 NCP mapped) comprise 30% of total global land area and 24% of national territorial waters, while 44% of land area is required for maintaining all NCP (including those that accrue at the global scale, carbon storage and moisture recycling). At least 87% of the world’s population lives in the areas benefiting from critical natural assets for local-scale NCP, while only 16% lives on the lands containing these assets. Critical natural assets also overlap substantially with areas important for biodiversity (covering area requirements for 73% of birds and 66% of mammals) and cultural diversity (representing 96% of global Indigenous and non-migrant languages). Many of the NCP mapped here are left out of international agreements focused on conserving species or mitigating climate change, yet this analysis shows that explicitly prioritizing critical natural assets for NCP could simultaneously advance development, climate, and conservation goals. Crafting policy and investment strategies that protect critical natural assets is essential for sustaining human well-being and securing Earth’s life support systems.
Preferences for telehealth: A qualitative study with people accessing a new mental health service
Authors: Honey Anne , Hines Monique , Barton Rebecca , Berry Bridget , Gilroy John , Glover Helen , Hancock Nicola , Waks Shifra , Wells Karen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a sudden increase in the need for mental health services and a rapid escalation in the delivery of these services via telehealth. Little is known about how people experience telehealth as part of a new mental health service, where relationships with service providers have not yet been established. In this paper, we present data from a qualitative service evaluation relating to people’s experiences of telehealth and their preferences regarding future use.
Methods: Data are drawn from semi-structured interviews with 45 participants (32 people who accessed mental health services, 7 informal support people, and 6 people who had accessed services themselves as well as identifying as informal supports). Data relating to experiences of telehealth, comparisons with in-person services, and preferences were coded inductively and analysed using constant comparative analysis.
Results: Just over half of the people in our sample preferred telehealth or at least regarded it as a suitable option. Those who preferred telehealth were more likely to have had direct experience with it, particularly via videoconferencing, as part of their access to this new mental health service. Reasons for preferring in-person services included the belief that interpersonal communication was superior in these settings, compatibility with personal communication style, and discomfort with technology. Those who preferred telehealth modalities cited its convenience, elimination of the need to travel for services, the comfort and safety afforded by being able to access services at home, and the ability to communicate more openly online.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that telehealth services have a legitimate place in future models of mental health care outside of pandemic situations. Many people who accessed services expressed a preference for participating in at least some of their mental health services remotely as it enhances choice and accessibility. Hybrid models of care may harness the unique benefits of both in-person and remote service modalities. These findings help to illuminate the potential of telehealth services when engaging with people seeking mental health help for the first time and in situations where existing relationships with those who provide services have not yet been established.
Atrioventricular Node Ablation Combined with Permanent His-Purkinje Conduction System Pacing in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation with Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: wang Lina , Hu Xue hong , Zhao Wei , Tan Chen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction

As there are no relevant systematic reviews that evaluate the efficacy of His-Purkinje conduction system pacing (HPCSP) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with heart failure who have undergone atrioventricular node ablation (AVNA), we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of HPCSP after AVNA in such cases.

Methods

We searched the PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase databases for studies on the impact of AVNA combined with HPCSP on patients with AF with heart failure published between 2000 and 2021. Review Manager 5.3 software was used for the meta-analysis. The clinical results evaluated included changes in left ventricular (LV) function, QRS duration, pacing threshold, and medication after surgery.

Results

The pooled results showed a significant difference in LV ejection fraction, LV end-diastolic dimension, New York Heart Association classification, and brain natriuretic peptide when baseline and follow-up values were compared (P < 0.01). The number of patients taking diuretics, β-blockers, and digoxin at baseline was significantly reduced at follow-up (P < 0.01). However, the number of patients taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors did not change significantly (P = 0.89). Regarding QRS duration, there was no significant difference between AVNA and HPCSP compared with before implementation (P = 0.05); however, an increasing trend was observed in the pacing threshold at follow-up compared with baseline (P < 0.01).

Conclusion

AVNA combined with HPCSP could significantly improve LV function at follow-up and reduce the administration of diuretics, β-blockers, and digoxin for patients with AF with heart failure.
The risk of first hospital contact with a musculoskeletal disorder in Danish Occupational Fishers: A register-based study.
Authors: Remmen Line Nørgaard , Christiansen David Høyrup , Herttua Kimmo , Klakk Heidi , Berg-Beckhoff Gabriele 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among occupational fishers is high, yet knowledge of the risk factors is scarce and inconsistent. This study investigated the risk of first hospital contact due to MSDs among occupational fishers, taking period effect into account.
Methods: This register-based study comprised data from the Danish Occupational Cohort with eXposure (DOC*X) for all persons registered as occupational fishers between 1994 and 2017. Time-to-event analysis with cox regression model was used with age as the time scale.
Results: Among the 15,739 fishers, 40% (n = 5,669 cases) had a first hospital contact with an MSD during follow-up. Back disorders were the dominant complaint. Male fishers working less than 5 years or more than 15 years had higher risks of MSD (HR 2.40 (95% CI: 2.06, 2.80), HR: 2.40 (95% CI: 1.76, 2.35), respectively, than those working for over 20 years. Period effects confounded and reduced the risk from occupational seniority.
Conclusions: Fishers occupational seniority vary in risk of MSDs across working life. Results showed a nonlinear relationship between the highest risk for fishers working less than 5 years and the lowest risk working more than 20 years as occupational fisher. More years in the workforce, a captain education, and primarily working part time significantly reduced the risk of experiencing a first MSDs for men. Healthy worker effect was documented.
Preparation of carbon self-doped g-C3N4 for efficiently degradation of bisphenol A under visible light irradiation
Authors: Lei Ling , He Xi , Lin Xiaoyu , Zhao Yufeng , Yang Chen , Cui Longzhe , Wu Guiping 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this study, visible-light-driven carbon self-doped graphitic carbon nitride (C-doped g-C3N4) photocatalyst was fabricated by a facile method with urea and ammonium citrate and used for photodegradation of bisphenol A (BPA) in aqueous environment. These experimental data showed that the prepared C-doped g-C3N4 showed high catalytic activity, and its photocatalytic degradation rate constant and mineralization rate of BPA were about 6.7 and 3.5 times higher than that of the pristine g-C3N4, respectively. The prepared modified g-C3N4 introduced additional carbon atoms, which generated C-O-C bonds with C in the g-C3N4 lattice. In contrast to g-C3N4, carbon doping enhanced the visible light absorption range of C-doped g-C3N4, reduced its band gap, and improved the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Reactive species, among which are superoxide radicals (·O2−) and photogenerated holes (h+) acted as an important part to the high photodegradation activity under visible light irradiation, which was revealed by radical quenching experiment and ESR results. This work puts forward a one-pot strategy for the preparation of C-doped g-C3N4, displacing the high-energy consuming and complicated preparation technology with a promising industrial applications.
Variable Neighbourhood Search for Learning to Rank Problem
Authors: Ibrahim Osman Ali Sadek , Younis Eman M. G. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Variable Neighbourhood Search (VNS) is used to optimize the solutions for heuristic problems. Solutions are based on neighboring solution systematic changes. The changes are made during the ascending phase to get local optimum and the perturbation phase to gain the global optimum solutions. Exploration and Exploitation procedures are made through various mutation step-size. The objective function to choose the best offspring to be move to the next evolving generation. Thus, this paper uses two variations of VNS based on four random probability distributions for adapting the Offspring solution in the next iteration. The first variant generates each Offspring ranking model solution from one probability distribution in the whole mutation procedure (all mutation step-sizes made by only one probability distribution for each Neighbourhood candidate). On the contrary, the second variant of VNS perturbed each Offspring Neighbourhood solution by a random choice of the probability distribution in each mutation step size. From the obtained results, we can conclude that the second VNS method outperformed the first variant and recent research. In the experiments, we used Yahoo, Microsoft Bing Search (MSLR-WEB10K) and LETOR 4 (MQ2008, MQ2007) datasets.
NaMLP, a new identified Kunitz trypsin inhibitor regulated synergistically by JA and ethylene, confers Spodoptera litura resistance in Nicotiana attenuata
Authors: Yang Mao , Cheng Junbin , Yin Min , Wu Jinsong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Upon insect herbivore attack, Nicotiana attenuata accumulates trypsin protease inhibitor (TPI) activities as a defense response from different protease inhibitor (PI) coding genes, including WRKY3-regulated NaKTI2, and JA-dependent NaPI. However, whether any other TPI gene exists in N. attenuata is still unclear. A miraculin-like protein gene (NaMLP) was highly up-regulated in N. attenuata after Alternaria alternata infection. However, silencing NaMLP had no effect on lesion diameter developed on N. attenuata leaves after A. alternata inoculation. Meanwhile, the transcripts of NaMLP could be induced by wounding and amplified by Spodoptera litura oral secretions (OS). S. litura larvae gained significantly more biomass on NaMLP-silenced plants but less on NaMLP over-expressed plants. Although NaMLP showed low sequence similarity to NaKTI2, it had conserved reaction sites of Kunitz trypsin inhibitors, and exhibited TPI activities when its coding gene was over-expressed transiently or stably in N. attenuata. This was consistent with the worst performance of S. litura larvae on NaMLP over-expressed lines. Furthermore, NaMLP-silenced plants had reduced TPI activities and better S. litura performance. Finally, OS-elicited NaMLP was dramatically reduced in JA-deficent irAOC and ethylene-reduced irACO plants, and the expression of NaMLP could be significantly induced by methyl jasmonate or ethephon alone, but dramatically amplified by co-treatment of both methyl jasmonate and ethephon. Thus, our results demonstrate that in addition to JA-regulated NaPI, and WRKY3/6-dependent NaKTI2, N. attenuata plants also up-regulates TPI activities via NaMLP, which confers S. litura resistance through JA and ethylene signaling in a synergistic way.
Possible-sarcopenic Screening with Disturbed Plasma Amino Acid Profile in the Elderly
Authors: Duan Yushuang , Fang Zilong , Lu Yifan , Tao Kuan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The mass and strength of skeletal muscle decline with age, leading to its progressive dysfunction. High-throughput metabolite profiling provides the opportunity to reveal metabolic mechanisms and the identification of biomarkers. However, the role of amino acid metabolism in possible sarcopenia remains unclear.
Objectives
The aim of this study included exploring changes in plasma amino acid concentrations in elderly individuals who may have possible sarcopenia and attempting to characterize a distinctive plasma amino acid profile through targeted metabolomics.
Methods
A cross-sectional, correlational research design was used for this study. Thirty possible-sarcopenic elderly participants were recruited ( n = 30 ), as determined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia ( AWGS ). Meanwhile, a reference group of non-sarcopenic ( sex-, age-, and Appendicular Skeletal muscle Mass Index ( ASMI )-matched non-sarcopenic controls, n = 36) individuals was included in their comparisons to reflect potential differences in the metabolic fingerprint of the plasma amino acids associated with sarcopenia. Both groups were conducted the body composition analysis, physical function examination, and plasma amino acid-targeted metabolomics. The amino acids in plasma were measured using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ( UPLC-MS-MS ). Also, orthogonal partial least-squares-discriminant analysis ( OPLS-DA ) was applied to characterize the plasma amino acid profile.
Results
With respect to Handgrip Strength ( HGS ), the Five-Repetition Chair Stand Test ( CS-5 ), the Six-Minute Walking Test ( 6MWT ), the arm curl, the 30s-Chair Stand Test ( CST ), the 2-Minute Step Test ( 2MST ), the 8-Feet Timed Up-and-Go Test ( TUGT ), there was a decline in skeletal muscle function in the possible-sarcopenic group compared to the non-sarcopenic group. The mean plasma concentrations of arginine, asparagine, phenylalanine, serine, lysine, glutamine, and threonine were significantly lower in the possible sarcopenia group, whereas cirulline, proline, serine, and glutamic acid concentrations were higher. According to the multi-analysis, glutamine, serine, lysine, threonine, and proline were the potential markers that could have indicated possible sarcopenia.
Conclusions
The findings characterize the significantly altered plasma amino acid metabolisms in the elderly with possible sarcopenia, which aids to screening people who are at a high risk of developing condition, allowing for the design of new preventive measures and therapeutic options.
Anti-Microbial and Phytochemical Screening of Commiphora africana, Cucumis pustulatus and Vernonia schimperi from Eritrea
Authors: Fissehatsion Samuel , Girmai Berhane , Berhane Bereket , Berhane Samuel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Traditional medicines have been widely used in treating many microbial, inflammatory and other types of diseases states in Eritrea, where complimentary remedies are required to the modern health care system.
Methodology
The current research project focusses on three Eritrean medicinal plants; Commiphora africana, Cucumis pustulatus and Vernonia schimperi, which are traditionally used in management of different diseases. The hidden potential of the three plants for their anti-microbial activity was assessed with the employment of zone of inhibition. The plants were extracted by cold extraction using three solvents arranged in their increasing polarity starting with Petroleum ether, methanol and distilled water. The in vitro anti-microbial activity was performed by agar well diffusion method.
Result
Percentage yield was calculated for each plant extract. The cold methanol extracts of these plants exhibited the maximum yield while the minimum yield was obtained with petroleum ether. The gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus was the most susceptible, while the gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli was moderately susceptible. Desirable result has shown against Candida albicans with the methanol extracts of both Commiphora africana and Cucumis pustulatus. The most active antibacterial activity was obtained from the plant Commiphora africana. As a standard anti-biotic, Ciprofloxacin and Fluconazole were taken as positive control for the bacterial and fungal medias respectively and distilled water as a negative control.
Conclusion
Commiphora africana and Cucumis pustulatus have shown the highest activities. Based on the outcomes these plants have compelling anti-fungal and anti-bacterial property. However further in-vivo studies, advanced phytochemical screenings, toxicity tests are recommended.
Public Preferences for Policy Measures to Protect the Public against Infectious Diseases: A Conjoint Analysis
Authors: Igarashi Ataru , Nakano Yosuke , Yoneyama-Hirozane Mariko 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
The extent to which the public can tolerate the economic impact (i.e., impact on private income) of public health policies implemented to prevent pandemic situations like COVID-19 is an ongoing issue. This study aimed to examine the trade-off between personal income and infection control in Japan’s pandemic policy decisions.
Methods
A conjoint analysis was conducted with a public panel via an internet survey agency. Infected patients, deaths, and income change were chosen as analysis attributes. Each respondent chose their responses from four hypothetical scenarios using an online panel. A panel logit-model was applied to assess the public preference for an increase/decrease in income and the number of infectants/deaths.
Results
From 2,155 complete responses, 8,620 results were extracted and analyzed. Most of the respondents affirmed the tendency to accept a decrease in income to control infection. According to the simplest model, the coefficient for income increase was 0.544 (for JPY 1 million, 95%CI: 0.460–0.627) and that for the multiplier for infected individuals was − 0.346 (natural log scale, 95%CI: -0.391 – -0.301). A comparison of the magnitudes of the two attributes revealed that the public was 4.81 times (95%CI: 3.24 to 8.01) more likely to accept an increase in infections/deaths in exchange for an increase of JPY 1 million in their annual income. Those with an extreme fear toward the pandemic were more likely to avoid an increase in infectants, for which coefficient was − 0.444 (95%CI: -0.510 - -0.378)
Conclusions
This study revealed the Japanese public’s preferences for measures to prevent infections vis-à-vis changes in income. The research used a discrete choice experiment to examine the infectious disease pandemic policy in Japan combining strategies for protection measures supporting lowering the number of infected people and deaths as well as economic (unemployment) outcomes. The present findings can guide the vaccine policy and pandemic preparedness for prevention.
Ceratonia siliqua pods (Carob) methanol extract alleviates doxorubicin – induced nephrotoxicity via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic pathways
Authors: Atta Attia H. , Atta Shimaa A. , Khattab Marwa , El-Aziz Tamer H. Abd , Mouneir Samar M. , Ibrahim Marwa , Nasr Soad M. , Ramadan Shimaa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective antitumor therapy but its use is limited by its deleterious toxic effects including nephrotoxicity and cardiotoxicity. The aim of this work was to assess the potential protective effect of Ceratonia siliqua methanol extract (CME) on DOX-induced nephrotoxicity in 5 groups of rats. Rats in groups 1and 2 were given normal saline while groups 3–5 were given Vitamin C (reference antioxidant, 250mg/kg), CME (500mg/kg) and CME (1000 mg/kg) for 5 days. On the 5th day, 1 hour after the last treatment dose, rats of groups 2–5 were given DOX in a dose of 15 mg/kg IP. DOX increased serum creatinine, urea, sodium and potassium and decreased GSH concentration, GST, CAT, SOD and MPO activities but increased MDA. It increased the inflammatory mediators (COX-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κβ) but decreased the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) and the Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). DOX has up-regulated COX-2, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Bax and NF- κβ transcripts and down-regulated the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 as assessed by immunohistochemistry and gene expression analysis. CME significantly improved the levels of kidney function parameters and restored the levels of the oxidative stress markers. It also decreased the level of COX-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κβ and stimulated the production of IL-10 and TGF-β. CME down-regulated the expression levels of the Bax, Cox-2 and caspases and up-regulated the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Microscopically, CME alleviated the DOX-induced renal damage in dose dependent manner. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of 26 compounds among which 4 major compounds (over 5%) in the CME. Acute toxicity test revealed that CME is not toxic up to 5 g/kg orally into rats. In conclusion, CME could effectively alleviate the deleterious effects of DOX on the kidney. The safety of carob extract encourages its use in the preparation of valuable therapeutic agents.