bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Healthcare consumers' and professionals' perceived acceptability of evidence‐based interventions for rural transitional care
Authors: Fox Mary T. , Sidani Souraya , Zaheer Shahram , Butler Jeffrey I. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is a pressing need for high quality hospital‐to‐home transitional care in rural communities. Four evidence‐based interventions (discharge planning, treatments, warning signs, and physical activity) have the potential to improve rural transitional care. However, there is limited understanding of how the perceptions of healthcare consumers and professionals compare on the acceptability of the interventions. Convergent views on intervention acceptability support implementation, whereas divergent views highlight areas requiring reconciliation prior to implementation.AimsThis study compared the acceptability of four evidence‐based interventions proposed for rural transitional care, as perceived by healthcare consumers and professionals.MethodsA cross‐sectional, comparative design was used. The convenience sample included 36 healthcare consumers (20 patients and 16 family caregivers) who had experienced a hospital‐to‐home transition in the past month and 30 healthcare professionals (29 registered nurses and one nurse practitioner) who provided transitional care in rural Ontario, Canada. Participants were presented with descriptions of the four interventions and completed an established intervention acceptability measure. Presentation of the four intervention descriptions and respective acceptability measures was randomized to control for possible order effects. The perceived overall acceptability of the interventions and their attributes (i.e., effectiveness, appropriateness, risk, and convenience) were compared using independent samples t‐tests.ResultsConsumer ratings were consistently higher across all four interventions in terms of overall acceptability as well as effectiveness, appropriateness, and convenience (all p's < .01; effect sizes 0.70–1.13). No significant between‐group differences in perceived risk were found.Linking evidence to actionContextual and methodological differences may account for variability in ratings, but further research is needed to explore these propositions. The results support future qualitative inquiry targeting professionals to better understand their perspectives on the effectiveness, appropriateness, and convenience of the four interventions.
La inteligencia estratégica militar como elección racional del estado hacia una política sostenible de seguridad nacional
Authors:   , Martínez Ardila David Armando 
Published: July 2022

Los estudios de ciencia política tradicionalmente analizan las relaciones de poder y las políticas públicas, sin embargo en esta investigación se presenta un nuevo elemento del poder que no ha sido aún objeto de estudio, pero que resulta fundamental para alcanzar uno de los intereses estratégicos de los Estados: la Seguridad Nacional. Es por ello, que a través de tres capítulos se establece una diferencia entre la racionalidad de los actores encaminada al fortalecimiento del poder- y la de las decisiones -hacia el cumplimiento de objetivos nacionales-, explicada a través de la metodología de caso de estudio, tomando como tal a Colombia, con el fin de demostrar que "la inteligencia estratégica militar es la elección racional del Estado para la consolidación de una política pública de seguridad en Colombia desde la perspectiva de la Ciencia Política". Este estudio tuvo como objetivo general analizar la inteligencia estratégica militar como instrumento para la toma de decisión en materia de seguridad, y con base en ello, analizó el modelo de elección racional de Allison, identificó la inteligencia como instrumento del poder, y, planteó una nueva cultura frente a la seguridad nacional con el fin de consolidar una política pública en Colombia.
Análisis de la estructura y gestión institucional de la política de atención integral para la primera infancia "De cero a siempre" en 6 municipios Colombianos
Authors:   , Dávila Fajardo Roger Mauricio 
Published: July 2022

El presente estudio formulado como tesis magistral, analiza las iniciativas de implementación de la Política de Atención Integral para la Primera Infancia en 6 municipios colombianos, denominada por el gobierno nacional "De Cero a Siempre". A través de las diferentes etapas del presente análisis se logró identificar aspectos relevantes para el refinamiento del programa De Cero a Siempre, por lo que los planteamientos finales se expresan como recomendaciones para las distintas entidades responsables de la implementación de la política.
Weak-decay searches for $$Qs{\bar{u}}{\bar{d}}$$ tetraquarks
Authors: Yu Fu-Sheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe propose to search for the open heavy-flavor exotic states with the quark components of $$Qs{\bar{u}}{\bar{d}}$$

Q
s

u

¯

d

¯

with $$Q=b,c$$

Q
=
b
,
c

via their weak decays. If there exist such exotic states below the BK or DK thresholds, they can only decay weakly. The advantages include: (i) the experimental backgrounds from the secondary decay vertex are much lower due to the long lifetimes, (ii) the productions are large enough for only one heavy quark in such states, (iii) the thresholds of BK or DK are about 260 MeV higher compared to the $$B_s\pi $$

B
s

π

or $$D_s\pi $$

D
s

π

thresholds of the configurations of $$Qu{\bar{s}}{\bar{d}}$$

Q
u

s

¯

d

¯

or $$Qd{\bar{s}}{\bar{u}}$$

Q
d

s

¯

u

¯

, with a higher possibility to exist such weakly-decay particles, and (iv) if observed, their inner structures are easier understood since they can not be induced by the kinematic effects.
Lepton flavor violating decays $$l_j\rightarrow {l_i\gamma }$$ in the $$U(1)_X$$SSM model within the mass insertion approximation
Authors: Wang Tong-Tong , Zhao Shu-Min , Zhang Jian-Fei , Dong Xing-Xing , Feng Tai-Fu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThree singlet new Higgs superfields and right-handed neutrinos are added to MSSM to obtain $$U(1)_X$$

U

(
1
)

X

SSM model. Its local gauge group is $$SU(3)_C\times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y \times U(1)_X$$

S
U

(
3
)

C

×
S
U

(
2
)

L

×
U

(
1
)

Y

×
U

(
1
)

X

. In the framework of $$U(1)_X$$

U

(
1
)

X

SSM, we study muon anomalous magnetic moment and lepton flavor violating decays $$l_j\rightarrow {l_i\gamma }(j=2,3;i=1,2)$$

l
j

→

l
i

γ

(
j
=
2
,
3
;
i
=
1
,
2
)

within the mass insertion approximation (MIA). Through the MIA method, we can find the parameters that directly affect the analytical result of the lepton flavor violating decays $$l_j\rightarrow {l_i\gamma }$$

l
j

→

l
i

γ

, which make our work more convenient. We want to provide a set of simple analytic formulas for the form factors and the associated effective vertices, that may be very useful for future phenomenological studies of the lepton flavor violating decays. According to the accuracy of the numerical results which the influence of different sensitive parameters, we come to the conclusion that the non-diagonal elements which correspond to the generations of the initial lepton and final lepton are main sensitive parameters and lepton flavor violation (LFV) sources. This work can provide a clear signal of new physics (NP).
Mechanoregulation of Metastasis beyond the Matrix
Authors: Er Ekrem Emrah , Tello-Lafoz Maria , Huse Morgan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEpithelial transformation and carcinogenesis are characterized by profound alterations in cell mechanics that significantly affect multiple steps of the metastatic cascade. The ability of cancer cells to grow in the primary tumor, to locally invade through the confining extracellular matrix, to survive in circulation, and to extravasate into distant vital organs all depend on specific mechanical characteristics. Importantly, recent studies have shown that the mechanical properties of cancer cells also influence their interactions with immune and stromal cells. Here, we discuss the mechanical changes that cancer cells undergo during metastasis, how these changes affect immune and stromal responses, and the implications of these new insights for therapeutic intervention.
Unrelated Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant in Relapsed/Refractory AML: Widening the Yellow Brick Road
Authors: Adrianzen-Herrera Diego A. , Shastri Aditi 
Published: July 2022

SummaryA sizable proportion of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) fail to achieve remission. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only intervention with potential of long-term survival. A recent Acute Leukemia Working Party (ALWP)/European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) analysis reports substantial posttransplant survival gains for patients with active disease who received transplants. Decreased relapse was the largest contributor to survival, a cause for optimism in this challenging population.See related article by Nagler et al., p. 4258
FGFR4-Targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptors Combined with Anti-Myeloid Polypharmacy Effectively Treat Orthotopic Rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Sullivan Peter M. , Kumar Rajesh , Li Wei , Hoglund Virginia , Wang Lingyan , Zhang Yue , Shi Megan , Beak Dusan , Cheuk Adam , Jensen Michael C. , Khan Javed , Dimitrov Dimiter S. , Orentas Rimas J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue cancer in children. Treatment outcomes, particularly for relapsed/refractory or metastatic disease, have not improved in decades. The current lack of novel therapies and low tumor mutational burden suggest that chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy could be a promising approach to treating RMS. Previous work identified FGF receptor 4 (FGFR4, CD334) as being specifically upregulated in RMS, making it a candidate target for CAR T cells. We tested the feasibility of an FGFR4-targeted CAR for treating RMS using an NSG mouse with RH30 orthotopic (intramuscular) tumors. The first barrier we noted was that RMS tumors produce a collagen-rich stroma, replete with immunosuppressive myeloid cells, when T-cell therapy is initiated. This stromal response is not seen in tumor-only xenografts. When scFV-based binders were selected from phage display, CARs targeting FGFR4 were not effective until our screening approach was refined to identify binders to the membrane-proximal domain of FGFR4. Having improved the CAR, we devised a pharmacologic strategy to augment CAR T-cell activity by inhibiting the myeloid component of the T-cell–induced tumor stroma. The combined treatment of mice with anti-myeloid polypharmacy (targeting CSF1R, IDO1, iNOS, TGFbeta, PDL1, MIF, and myeloid misdifferentiation) allowed FGFR4 CAR T cells to successfully clear orthotopic RMS tumors, demonstrating that RMS tumors, even with very low copy-number targets, can be targeted by CAR T cells upon reversal of an immunosuppressive microenvironment.
Distinct Predictive Immunogenomic Profiles of Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and IL2: A Real-world Evidence Study of Patients with Advanced Renal Cancer
Authors: Eisner Joel R. , Beebe Kirk D. , Mayhew Gregory M. , Shibata Yoichiro , Guo Yuelong , Farhangfar Carol , Farhangfar Farhang , Uronis Joshua M. , Mooney Jill , Milburn Michael V. , Foureau David , White Richard L. , Amin Asim , Milla Marcos E. 
Published: July 2022

Recombinant human high-dose IL2 (HD-IL2; aldesleukin) was one of the first approved immune-oncology agents based upon clinical activity in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and metastatic melanoma but use was limited due to severe toxicity. Next-generation IL2 agents designed to improve tolerability are in development, increasing the need for future identification of genomic markers of clinical benefit and/or clinical response. In this retrospective study, we report clinical and tumor molecular profiling from patients with metastatic RCC (mRCC) treated with HD-IL2 and compare findings with patients with RCC treated with anti-PD-1 therapy. Genomic characteristics common and unique to IL2 and/or anti-PD-1 therapy response are presented, with insight into rational combination strategies for these agents.Residual pretreatment formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tumor samples from n = 36 patients with HD-IL2 mRCC underwent RNA-sequencing and corresponding clinical data were collected. A de novo 40-gene nearest centroid IL2 treatment response classifier and individual gene and/or immune marker signature differences were correlated to clinical response and placed into context with a separate dataset of n = 35 patients with anti-PD-1 mRCC.Immune signatures and genes, comprising suppressor and effector cells, were increased in patients with HD-IL2 clinical benefit. The 40-gene response classifier was also highly enriched for immune genes. While several effector immune signatures and genes were common between IL2 and anti-PD-1 treated patients, multiple inflammatory and/or immunosuppressive genes, previously reported to predict poor response to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy, were only increased in IL2–responsive tumors.These findings suggest that common and distinct immune-related response markers for IL2 and anti-PD-1 therapy may help guide their use, either alone or in combination.Significance:Next-generation IL2 agents, designed for improved tolerability over traditional HD-IL2 (aldesleukin), are in clinical development. Retrospective molecular tumor profiling of patients treated with HD-IL2 or anti-PD-1 therapy provides insights into genomic characteristics of therapy response. This study revealed common and distinct immune-related predictive response markers for IL2 and anti-PD-1 therapy which may play a role in therapy guidance, and rational combination strategies for these agents.
Cardiovascular Safety Reporting in Contemporary Breast Cancer Clinical Trials
Authors: Hamid Arsalan , Anker Markus S. , Ruckdeschel John C. , Khan Muhammad Shahzeb , Tharwani Arsal , Oshunbade Adebamike A. , Kipchumba Rodney K. , Thigpen Samuel C. , Anker Stefan D. , Fonarow Gregg C. , Hall Michael E. , Butler Javed 
Published: July 2022

Background
Several cancer therapies have been associated with cardiovascular harm in early‐phase clinical trials. However, some cardiovascular harms do not manifest until later‐phase trials. To limit interdisease variability, we focused on breast cancer. Thus, we assessed the reporting of cardiovascular safety monitoring and outcomes in phase 2 and 3 contemporary breast cancer clinical trials.

Methods and Results

We searched Embase and Medline records for phase 2 and 3 breast cancer pharmacotherapy trials. We examined exclusion criterion as a result of cardiovascular conditions, adverse cardiovascular event reporting, and cardiovascular safety assessment through cardiovascular imaging, ECG, troponin, or natriuretic peptides. Fisher's exact test was utilized to compare reporting. Fifty clinical trials were included in our study. Patients were excluded because of cardiovascular conditions in 42 (84%) trials. Heart failure was a frequent exclusion criterion (n=31; 62% trials). Adverse cardiovascular events were reported in 43 (86%) trials. Cardiovascular safety assessments were not reported in 23 (46%) trials, whereas natriuretic peptide and troponin assessments were not reported in any trial. Cardiovascular safety assessments were more frequently reported in industry‐funded trials (69.2% versus 0.0%;
P
<0.001), and in trials administering targeted/immunotherapy agents compared with only hormonal/conventional chemotherapy (78.6% versus 22.7%,
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate significant under‐representation of patients with cardiovascular conditions or prevalent cardiovascular disease in contemporary later‐phase breast cancer trials. Additionally, cardiovascular safety is not routinely monitored in these trials. Therefore, contemporary breast cancer clinical trials may possibly underestimate the cardiovascular risks of cancer pharmacotherapy agents for use in clinical practice.
Mid‐ to Late‐Life Time‐Averaged Cumulative Blood Pressure and Late‐Life Retinal Microvasculature: The ARIC Study
Authors: Huang Yiquan , Zhou Huimin , Zhang Shaozhao , Zhong Xiangbin , Lin Yifen , Xiong Zhenyu , Liu Menghui , Yimamu Aili· , Christopher Odong , Zhou Ziwei , Zhuang Xiaodong , Liao Xinxue 
Published: July 2022

Background
The associations of time‐averaged cumulative blood pressure (BP) from midlife to late life with microvasculature expressed as retinal vessel diameters is not well studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of cumulative systolic BP and diastolic BP (DBP) with retinal vessel calibers, focusing on race differences.

Methods and Results

The analysis included 1818 adults from the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study attending the fifth visit (2011–2013; age 77±5 years, 17.1% Black participants). Time‐averaged cumulative BPs were calculated as the sum of averaged BPs from adjacent consecutive visits (visits 1–5) indexed to total observation time (24±1 years). Summarized estimates for central retinal arteriolar equivalent and central retinal venular equivalent at the fifth visit represent average retinal vessel diameters. The arteriole:venule ratio was calculated. We tested for effect modification by race. Results from multiple linear regression models suggested that higher time‐averaged cumulative DBP (β [95% CI] per 1‐SD increase: −1.78 [−2.53, −1.02],
P
<0.001 and −0.005 [−0.009, −0.002],
P
=0.004, respectively) but not systolic BP (−0.52 [−1.30, 0.26],
P
=0.189 and 0.001 [−0.002, 0.005],
P
=0.485, respectively) was associated with smaller central retinal arteriolar equivalent and arteriole:venule ratio. The association between time‐averaged cumulative DBP and arteriole:venule ratio was strongest in White participants (interaction
P
=0.007). The association of cumulative systolic BP and DBP with central retinal venular equivalent was strongest in Black participants (interaction
P
=0.015 and 0.011, respectively).

Conclusions
Exposure to higher BP levels, particularly DBP, from midlife to late life is associated with narrower retinal vessel diameters in late life. Furthermore, race moderated the association of cumulative BP exposure with retinal microvasculature.
Patient-Physician Race Concordance, Physician Decisions, and Patient Outcomes
Authors: Ye Han , Yi Junjian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUsing administrative data from a large and diverse emergency department (ED), we examine the impact of race concordance between patients and physicians on physician decision-making and patient health outcomes. We find that patient-physician race concordance increases consultation time and decreases the probability of inpatient admission and diagnostic testing. Subsequently, race-concordant patients have lower revisit rates after ED discharge. The effect of race concordance is largely driven by patients who had less serious illnesses and whose diseases had nonspecific symptoms or less clear causes. The results are best explained by the informational and communication mechanism.
Vertically Resolved Convective–Stratiform Echo-Type Identification and Convectivity Retrieval for Vertically Pointing Radars
Authors: Romatschke Ulrike , Dixon Michael J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Using data from the airborne HIAPER Cloud Radar (HCR), a partitioning algorithm (ECCO-V) that provides vertically resolved convectivity and convective versus stratiform radar-echo classification is developed for vertically pointing radars. The algorithm is based on the calculation of reflectivity and radial velocity texture fields that measure the horizontal homogeneity of cloud and precipitation features. The texture fields are translated into convectivity, a numerical measure of the convective or stratiform nature of each data point. The convective–stratiform classification is obtained by thresholding the convectivity field. Subcategories of low, mid-, and high stratiform, shallow, mid-, deep, and elevated convective, and mixed echoes are introduced, which are based on the melting-layer and divergence-level altitudes. As the algorithm provides vertically resolved classifications, it is capable of identifying different types of vertically layered echoes, and convective features that are embedded in stratiform cloud layers. Its robustness was tested on data from four HCR field campaigns that took place in different meteorological and climatological regimes. The algorithm was adapted for use in spaceborne and ground-based radars, proving its versatility, as it is adaptable not only to different radar types and wavelengths, but also different research applications.
Use of diffusion tensor imaging as a prognostic biomarker after decompression surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Pinto da Silva Fábio Henrique , dos Santos Silva Jonadab , Pereira de Barros Larissa Fidalgo , Souza Renan de Freitas , Landeiro José Alberto , Rueda Lopes Fernanda Cristina , da Silva Marcio Bernardes , Fonseca Giuliana Vasconcelos de Souza , Acioly Marcus André 
Published: July 2022

Background Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (MR-DTI) has been increasingly applied for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) diagnosis, but relatively little is known about the effect of CTS treatment on median nerve (MN) integrity and functional outcome prediction. Purpose To assess how structural changes in MR-DTI of the MN correlates with symptom severity, functional status, and electrophysiological parameters in patients suffering from CTS before and after decompression surgery. Material and Methods Nine wrists were prospectively enrolled to perform MR-DTI pre- and postoperatively. The apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of the MN were examined in three different regions—distal radioulnar joint, pisiform bone, and hamate bone—and correlated with clinical and electrophysiological parameters. Results Postoperatively, mean Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire scores decreased 1.55 points (range = 0.08–3; P = 0.0172) and 1.01 points (−0.13 to 1.88; P = 0.0381) in the symptomatic and functional domains, respectively. Postoperative clinical improvement was reflected in proximal FA elevation ( P = 0.0078), but not in diffusivity in comparison to baseline examination. Preoperative electrophysiological parameters were correlated with a reduction in the pre- (sensory latencies [rho = –0.6826; P = 0.0312]) and postoperative (motor latencies [rho = –0.7488; P = 0.0325]) distal FA values. Higher sensory amplitudes indicated higher postoperative proximal FA values (rho = 0.7618; P = 0.0280) ​​and lower postoperative proximal ADC values (rho = –0.9047; P = 0.0020). Conclusion Our study demonstrated that pre- and postoperative proximal FA values are useful biomarkers for the structural evaluation of the MN in patients with CTS. Symptomatic improvement can be better predicted by analyzing FA changes.