bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of the polyglycolic acid patch in preventing prolonged air leakage after pulmonary decortication
Authors: Haberal Miktat Arif , Akar Erkan , Şengören Dikiş Özlem , Özkaya Muharrem , Ay Mehmet Oguzhan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an absorbable polyglycolic acid patch (PGA) in the early prevention of alveolar air leaks after pulmonary decortication operations.MethodsBetween January 2016 and December 2019, files of 185 patients with pleural effusion, empyema, or hemothorax were examined retrospectively. Thirty‐five patients who underwent decortication surgery were included in the study. Two‐way posteroanterior (PA) chest x‐ray, computed tomography (CT), pulmonary function tests (PFT), arterial blood gas, hemogram, and biochemical tests were performed for all patients before the operation. The patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 was composed of 16 patients (45.7%) with standard decortication, and Group 2 was formed with 19 patients (54.3%) with standard decortication + PGA patch.ResultsThe median age was 55 years (minimum = 25, maximum = 75) and the vast majority (82.9%; n = 29) of patients were males. There was no significant difference between groups in age, aetiology, or sex. The most common etiological cause in both Group 1 and Group 2 was nonspecific infection (56.3% and 73.7%, respectively). When Group 2 and Group 1 were compared regarding median times (day) of air leak cessation (Group 2 = 4; Group 1 = 8.5), chest drain removal (Group 2 = 5; Group 1 = 10), and hospital discharge times (Group 2 = 8; Group 1 = 13),the durations were statistically significantly shorter in Group 2 than in Group 1 (P < 0.001).ConclusionUse of the PGA patch in pulmonary decortication operations significantly reduced the duration of air leaks, drain removal, and discharge time from the hospital in the postoperative period.
Clinically unquestionable but histologically deceptive melanomas in acral skin grafts: PRAME confirms its role
Authors: Santandrea Giacomo , Valli Riccardo , Ragazzi Moira , Castagnetti Fabio , Lai Michela , Longo Caterina , Piana Simonetta 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of PRAME in reducing the risk of an underestimation of tumour margins, in a consecutive series of acral melanomas recurring on skin grafts.
Maternal antenatal vitamin D supplementation and offspring risk of atopic eczema in the first 4 years of life: evidence from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: El-Heis Sarah , D’Angelo Stefania , Curtis Elizabeth M. , Healy Eugene , Moon Rebecca J. , Crozier Sarah R. , Inskip Hazel , Cooper Cyrus , Harvey Nicholas C. , Godfrey Keith M. ,   the MAVIDOS Trial Group
Published: June 2022

Summary

Background
Evidence linking prenatal maternal vitamin D supplementation with the offspring’s risk of atopic eczema is inconsistent, with most data coming from observational studies.

Objectives
To examine the influence of maternal cholecalciferol supplementation during pregnancy on the risk of atopic eczema in the offspring at ages 12, 24 and 48 months.

Methods
Within the UK Maternal Vitamin D Osteoporosis Study (MAVIDOS) double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial, we examined the relationship of maternal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy with offspring atopic eczema at ages 12, 24 and 48 months. In MAVIDOS, pregnant women were allocated to either cholecalciferol 1000 IU per day or matched placebo, taken from around 14 weeks’ gestation until delivery, with the primary outcome of neonatal whole-body bone mineral content. The prevalence of atopic eczema in the offspring was ascertained at ages 12 (n = 635), 24 (n = 610) and 48 (n = 449) months, based on the UK Working Party criteria for the definition of atopic dermatitis. The trial was registered with ISRCTN (82927713) and EudraCT (2007-001716-23).

Results
The characteristics of mothers and offspring were similar between the intervention and placebo groups, apart from longer breastfeeding duration in the intervention group. Adjusting for breastfeeding duration, offspring of mothers who received cholecalciferol 1000 IU daily had a lower odds ratio (OR) of atopic eczema at age 12 months [OR 0·55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·32–0·97, P = 0·04]; this effect weakened and was not statistically significant at ages 24 months (OR 0·76, 95% CI 0·47–1·23) or 48 months (OR 0·75, 95% CI 0·37–1·52). The statistical interaction of intervention and breastfeeding duration in relation to eczema at age 12 months was not significant (P = 0·41), but stratification showed reduced infantile eczema risk in the intervention group for infants breastfed for ≥ 1 month (OR 0·48, 95% CI 0·24–0·94, P = 0·03) but not in those breastfed for &lt; 1 month (OR 0·80, 95% CI 0·29–2·17, P = 0·66).

Conclusions
Our data provide the first randomized controlled trial evidence of a protective effect of antenatal cholecalciferol supplementation on the risk of infantile atopic eczema, with the effect potentially being via increased breast milk cholecalciferol levels. The findings support a developmental influence on atopic eczema, and point to a potentially modifiable perinatal influence on atopic eczema.
What is already known about this topic? There are currently no antenatal interventions proven to reduce the incidence of infantile atopic eczema in the general population.However, observational studies have led to speculation that antenatal vitamin D supplementation may be beneficial.
Fluorescence molecular imaging using cetuximab-800CW in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma surgery: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Vonk Jasper , de Wit Jaron G. , Voskuil Floris J. , Koldijk Marjolein , Rácz Emőke , Hooghiemstra Wouter T.R. , Doff Jan J. , Diercks Gilles F.H. , van Dam Gooitzen M. , Witjes Max J.H. , de Visscher Sebastiaan A.H.J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
6‐Shogaol (enexasogoal) treatment improves experimental knee osteoarthritis exerting a pleiotropic effect over immune innate signalling responses in chondrocytes
Authors: Gratal Paula , Mediero Aránzazu , Lamuedra Ana , Matamoros‐Recio Alejandra , Herencia Carmen , Herrero‐Beaumont Gabriel , Martín‐Santamaría Sonsoles , Largo Raquel 
Published: June 2022

Background and PurposeThe pathogenesis of osteoarthritis implicates a low‐grade inflammation associated to the innate immune system activation. Toll like receptor (TLR) stimulation triggers the release of inflammatory mediators, which aggravate osteoarthritis. We studied the preventive effect of 6‐shogaol, a potential TLR4 inhibitor, on the treatment of experimental knee osteoarthritis.Experimental ApproachOsteoarthritis was induced in C57BL6 mice by surgical section of the medial meniscotibial ligament, which received 6‐shogaol for eight weeks. Cartilage damage, inflammatory mediator presence and disease markers were assessed in joint tissues by immunohistochemistry. Computational modelling was used to predict binding modes of 6‐shogaol into the TLR4/MD2 receptor and its permeability across cellular membranes. Employing LPS‐stimulated chondrocytes and MAPK assay, we elucidated 6‐shogaol action mechanisms.Key Results6‐Shogaol treatment prevented articular cartilage lesions, synovitis and the presence of pro‐inflammatory mediators, and disease markers in osteoarthritis animals. Molecular modelling studies predicted 6‐shogaol interaction with the TLR4/MD‐2 heterodimer in an antagonist conformation through its binding into the MD‐2 pocket. In cell culture, we confirmed that 6‐shogaol reduced LPS‐induced TLR4 inflammatory signalling pathways. Besides, MAPK assay demonstrated that 6‐shogaol directly inhibits the ERK1/2 phosphorylation activity.Conclusion and Implications6‐Shogaol evoked a preventive action on cartilage and synovial inflammation in osteoarthritis mice. 6‐shogaol effect may take place not only by hindering the interaction between TLR4 ligands and the TLR4/MD‐2 complex in chondrocytes, but also through inhibition of ERK phosphorylation, implying a pleiotropic effect on different mediators activated during osteoarthritis, which proposes it as an attractive drug for osteoarthritis treatments.
Community science data provide evidence for upward elevational range shifts by Eastern Himalayan birds
Authors: Girish Krishna S. , Srinivasan Umesh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe ongoing climate crisis is a significant threat to global biodiversity. As Earth warms, many species respond by shifting their geographical ranges either polewards, or in mountainous regions, upslope towards higher elevations, presumably to track suitable thermal environments. Upslope range shifts are of particular concern in tropical mountain ranges because: (a) tropical species are particularly thermally sensitive; (b) species moving upwards could become locally extirpated as they run out of habitable space; and (c) tropical mountains harbor a high fraction of Earth's terrestrial biodiversity. Rapid upslope shifts can, therefore, result in significant biodiversity losses. We used community science data over a 13‐year period to evaluate whether 93 Eastern Himalayan bird species might be shifting to higher elevations. To do this, we analyzed changes in their occurrence probabilities in eBird checklists from birdwatching hotspots at fixed elevations. We found patterns consistent with upslope range shifts; species with elevational ranges primarily below hotspot elevations show increases in their occurrence probability over time, and those with most of their elevational ranges above a hotspot elevation decline in occurrence probability. Our findings are suggestive of rapid responses to climate change by Eastern Himalayan birds. We caution that Eastern Himalayan bird species might be at special risk from increasing global temperatures because of heightened thermal sensitivity coupled with high rates of warming in the region. To remain resilient in the face of climate change, Eastern Himalayan birds likely require undisturbed habitats spanning entire elevational gradients, to track rising temperatures by moving to higher elevations.
Synthetic heterocyclic derivatives as promising xanthine oxidase inhibitors: An overview
Authors: Kaur Gurinder , Singh Atamjit , Arora Geetakshi , Monga Aditi , Jassal Anupmjot Kaur , Uppal Jasreen , Bedi Preet Mohinder Singh , Bora Kundan Singh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInhibition of xanthine oxidase (XO) is an effective and most prominent therapeutic approach for the management of gout. Discovery of its association in the pathophysiology of diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, etc., widened its therapeutic horizons. Limited drug candidates in clinical practice along with side effects forced researchers to develop more efficacious and safer XO inhibitors for the management of gout and other disorders associated with XO hyperactivity. In this regard, this review focus on (a) various drug candidates in clinical practice and under clinical trials, (b) Development of various heterocyclic motifs as XO inhibitors in last two decades and (c) various patented synthetic XO inhibitors.
Novel hybrid virtual screening protocol based on pharmacophore and molecular docking for discovery of GSK‐3β inhibitors
Authors: Liu Xiaochang , Yu Jiaxue , Luo Yongyan , Dong Haojian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGSK‐3β is a member of the GSKs subfamily and plays a major role in the regulation of transcriptional elongation, which has attracted widespread attention as a therapeutic target for AD. In this study, by combining pharmacophore‐based virtual screening and kinase inhibition assays, we have successfully identified four small molecules that inhibit GSK‐3β activity at micromolar potency. These hit compounds showed drug‐like properties according to Lipinski's rule of five and ADMET. An inter‐complex interaction study showed that all hit compounds adapted well to the ATP pocket of the GSK‐3β protein. Among them, hits 2 and 4 displayed considerable inhibitory activities with IC50 value of 0.74 ± 0.04 μM and 2.32 ± 0.84 μM respectively. Overall, the discovered GSK‐3β inhibitors act as new chemical leads to develop improved inhibitors that block the interaction of GSK‐3β, and the hybrid virtual screening strategy designed in this study provides an important reference for design and synthesis novel selective GSK‐3β inhibitors.
Ambulatory fludrocortisone suppression test in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism: Safety, accuracy and cost‐effectiveness
Authors: Carasel Ana , Calissendorff Jan , Avander Kamila , Shabo Ivan , Volpe Cristina , Falhammar Henrik 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aims of this study were to explore if the ambulatory fludrocortisone suppression test (FST) was safe, accurate and cost‐effective.ContextThe diagnosis of primary aldosteronism (PA) remains time‐consuming and complex. The FST is used to confirm PA, but it is an in‐patient test due to potentially serious complications such as hypokalemia. In Stockholm, FST has been performed since 2005 as an ambulatory procedure.DesignThis is a retrospective study including all patients investigated with FST in four hospitals in Stockholm, Sweden, during 2005–2019.Patients/MeasurementsIn total, 156 cases of ambulatory FST (FSTamb) and 15 cases of in‐patient FST (FSTin) were included. FSTamb and FSTin were compared regarding health costs, clinical characteristics and laboratory results.ResultsNo difference was found in the outcomes of FSTamb and FSTin. No severe complications were reported in FSTamb patients. No difference was found in the median value for plasma potassium on Day 5 between the two groups. Only three patients (1.9%) in the FSTamb had to repeat the test due to incomplete intake of medications. FSTamb and FSTin were equally accurate. The cost of performing FSTamb was at least 50% lower compared with FSTin ($2400 vs. $5200 per patient). The time needed for FSTamb was 60 min of physician's time and 150 min of nurse's time which were lower than the 5 days in FSTin.ConclusionsAmbulatory FST is safe and accurate and can be performed with significantly less healthcare costs compared to FSTin.
The influence of thin as compared to thick peri‐implant soft tissues on aesthetic outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Bienz Stefan P. , Pirc Miha , Papageorgiou Spyridon N. , Jung Ronald E. , Thoma Daniel S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesIn systematically healthy patients with an implant‐supported fixed restoration (P), what is the influence of thin (E) as compared to thick (C) peri‐implant soft tissues on aesthetic outcomes (O)?MethodsFollowing an a priori protocol, a literature search of six databases was conducted up to August 2020 to identify prospective/retrospective clinical studies on healthy patients with an implant‐supported fixed reconstruction. Measurement of the buccal soft tissue thickness and an aesthetic outcome was a prerequisite, and sites presenting with a buccal soft tissue thickness of <2 mm or shimmering of a periodontal probe were categorized as a thin phenotype. After study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment, random‐effects meta‐analysis of Mean Differences (MD) or Odds Ratios (OR) with their corresponding 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were conducted, followed by sensitivity analyses and assessment of the quality of evidence.ResultsThirty‐four unique studies reporting on 1508 patients with 1606 sites were included (9 randomized controlled trials, one controlled trial, 10 prospective cohort studies, 8 cross‐sectional studies, and 6 retrospective cohort studies). The mean difference of the pink aesthetic score (PES) after the follow‐up was not significantly different between thin (<2.0 mm) or thick soft tissues (≥2.0 mm) or phenotypes (12 studies; MD = 0.15; [95% CI = −0.24, 0.53]; p = .46). PES changes during the follow‐up, however, were significantly in favour of thick soft tissues (≥2.0 mm) or phenotypes (p = .05). An increased mean mucosal thickness was associated with an increased papilla index (5 studies; MD = 0.5; [95% CI = 0.1, 0.3]; p = .002) and an increase in papilla presence (5 studies; OR = 1.6; [95% CI = 1.0, 2.3]; p = .03). Thin soft tissues were associated with more recession, −0.62 mm (4 studies; [95% CI = −1.06, −0.18]; p = .006). Patient‐reported outcome measures (patient satisfaction) were in favour of thick soft tissues −2.33 (6 studies; [95% CI = −4.70, 0.04]; p = .05). However, the quality of evidence was very low in all instances due to the inclusion of non‐randomized studies, high risk of bias and residual confounding.ConclusionWithin the limitations of the present study (weak study designs and various soft tissue measurements or time‐points), it can be concluded that increased soft tissue thickness at implant sites was associated with more favourable aesthetic outcomes.
Occurrence, associated factors and soft tissue reconstructive therapy for buccal soft tissue dehiscence at dental implants: Consensus report of group 3 of the DGI/SEPA/Osteology Workshop
Authors: Guerrero Adrián , Heitz‐Mayfield Lisa J. A. , Beuer Florian , Blanco Juan , Roccuzzo Mario , Ruiz‐Magaz Vannesa , Sanz‐Martín Ignacio , Schlee Markus , Schliephake Henning , Soetebeer Maren , Sculean Anton , Zabalegui Ion , Zucchelli Giovanni , Al‐Nawas Bilal 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo systematically assess the literature and report on (1) the frequency of occurrence of buccal soft tissue dehiscence (BSTD) at implants, (2) factors associated with the occurrence of BSTD and (3) treatment outcomes of reconstructive therapy for the coverage of BSTD.Materials and MethodsTwo systematic reviews addressing focused questions related to implant BSTD occurrence, associated factors and the treatment outcomes of BSTD coverage served as the basis for group discussions and the consensus statements. The main findings of the systematic reviews, consensus statements and implications for clinical practice and for future research were formulated within group 3 and were further discussed and reached final approval within the plenary session.ResultsBuccally positioned implants were the factor most strongly associated with the risk of occurrence of BSTD, followed by thin tissue phenotype. At immediate implants, it was identified that the use of a connective tissue graft (CTG) may act as a protective factor for BSTD. Coverage of BSTD may be achieved with a combination of a coronally advanced flap (CAF) and a connective tissue graft, with or without prosthesis modification/removal, although feasibility of the procedure depends upon multiple local and patient‐related factors. Soft tissue substitutes showed limited BSTD coverage.ConclusionCorrect three‐dimensional (3D) positioning of the implant is of utmost relevance to prevent the occurrence of BSTD. If present, BSTD may be covered by CAF +CTG, however the evidence comes from a low number of observational studies. Therefore, future research is needed for the development of further evidence‐based clinical recommendations.
Effect of peri‐implant mucosal thickness on esthetic outcomes and the efficacy of soft tissue augmentation procedures: Consensus report of group 2 of the SEPA/DGI/OF workshop
Authors: Jung Ronald E. , Becker Kathrin , Bienz Stefan P. , Dahlin Christer , Donos Nikos , Hammächer Christian , Iglhaut Gerhard , Liñares Antonio , Ortiz‐Vigón Alberto , Sanchez Nerea , Sanz‐Sánchez Ignacio , Thoma Daniel S. , Valles Cristina , Weng Dietmar , Nart José 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to comprehensively assess the literature in terms of the effect of peri‐implant mucosal thickness on esthetic outcomes and the efficacy of soft tissue augmentation procedures to increase the mucosal thickness with autogenous grafts or soft tissue substitutes.Material and methodsTwo systematic reviews (SR) were performed prior to the consensus meeting to assess the following questions. Review 1, focused question: In systemically healthy patients with an implant‐supported fixed prosthesis, what is the influence of thin as compared to thick peri‐implant mucosa on esthetic outcomes? Review 2, focused question 1: In systemically healthy humans with at least one dental implant (immediate or staged implant), what is the efficacy of connective tissue graft (CTG), as compared to absence of a soft tissue grafting procedure, in terms of gain in peri‐implant soft tissue thickness (STT) reported by randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) or controlled clinical trials (CCTs)? Review 2, focused question 2: In systemically healthy humans with at least one dental implant (immediate or staged implant), what is the efficacy of CTG, as compared to soft tissue substitutes, in terms of gain in peri‐implant STT reported by RCTs or CCTs? The outcomes of the two SRs, the consensus statements, the clinical implications, and the research recommendations were discussed and subsequently approved at the consensus meeting during the group and plenary sessions.ConclusionsThere was a tendency of superior esthetic outcomes in the presence of a thick mucosa. The connective tissue graft remains the standard of care in terms of increasing mucosa thickness.
A puzzling case of multiple asymptomatic nodules over scalp—A case report
Authors: Rathod Santoshdev P. , Ambasana Akshay R. , Gohil Parul , Jagati Ashish 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCirsoid aneurysms (CAs) of the scalp are rare arteriovenous malformations presenting as nodular lesions of the scalp. Depending on the size and intracranial extension, they can vary from asymptomatic to potentially lethal from secondary hemorrhage. Being vascular clinically misdiagnosed cases may lead to a devastating outcome from any kind of diagnostic surgical intervention. Here, we report a case of a 45‐year‐old woman who presented with multiple papulonodular lesions on the scalp, diagnosed as CA.
Using compositionality to understand parts in whole objects
Authors: Arun S. P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA fundamental question for any visual system is whether its image representation can be understood in terms of its components. Decomposing any image into components is challenging because there are many possible decompositions with no common dictionary, and enumerating the components leads to a combinatorial explosion. Even in perception, many objects are readily seen as containing parts, but there are many exceptions. These exceptions include objects that are not perceived as containing parts, properties like symmetry that cannot be localized to any single part and special categories like words and faces whose perception is widely believed to be holistic.Here, I describe a novel approach we have used to address these issues and evaluate compositionality at the behavioural and neural levels. The key design principle is to create a large number of objects by combining a small number of pre‐defined components in all possible ways. This allows for building component‐based models that explain neural and behavioural responses to whole objects using a combination of these components. Importantly, any systematic error in model fits can be used to detect the presence of emergent or holistic properties. Using this approach, we have found that whole object representations are surprisingly predictable from their components, that some components are preferred to others in perception and that emergent properties can be discovered or explained using compositional models. Thus, compositionality is a powerful approach for understanding how whole objects relate to their parts.