bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graphene- and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Coated Tapered Plastic Optical Fiber for Detection of Lard Adulteration in Olive Oil
Authors: Puspita Ika , Irawati Ninik , Madurani Kartika Anoraga , Kurniawan Fredy , Koentjoro Sekartedjo , Hatta Agus Muhamad 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA rapid and high-performance sensor for lard adulterant in edible oil was developed using the tapered plastic optical fiber (POF) coated with graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The coating material was deposited onto a tapered POF with a taper waist diameter and a taper length of 0.45 mm and 1 cm, respectively. The addition of the coating material was used to increase the sensitivity and selectivity coefficient of the tapered POF toward the lard substance. The sensing mechanism is based on a simultaneous interaction of lard substance and an evanescent wave of tapered POF with the coating layers. The results showed that graphene coating on the tapered POF increased the selectivity coefficient of the tapered POF towards lard substance from 33.54 to 324.19, and it gave a sensitivity of 0.427 dBm/%. In comparison, multi-walled carbon nanotubes coating increased the selectivity coefficient to 71.65 and increased its sensitivity to 1.189dBm/%. Thus, the proposed configuration of the tapered POF with the coating material offered a simple configuration for a rapid, high sensitivity and selectivity detection of lard adulterant in edible oils.
Sumsets and Veronese varieties
Authors: Colarte-Gómez Liena , Elias Joan , Miró-Roig Rosa M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, to any subset $$\mathcal {A}\subset \mathbb {Z}^{n}$$

A
⊂

Z

n

we explicitly associate a unique monomial projection $$Y_{n,d_{\mathcal {A}}}$$

Y

n
,

d
A

of a Veronese variety, whose Hilbert function coincides with the cardinality of the t-fold sumsets $$t\mathcal {A}$$

t
A

. This link allows us to tackle the classical problem of determining the polynomial $$p_{\mathcal {A}} \in \mathbb {Q}[t]$$

p
A

∈
Q

[
t
]

such that $$|t\mathcal {A}| = p_{\mathcal {A}}(t)$$

|
t
A
|

=

p
A

(
t
)

for all $$t \ge t_0$$

t
≥

t
0

and the minimum integer $$n_0(\mathcal {A}) \le t_0$$

n
0

(
A
)

≤

t
0

for which this condition is satisfied, i.e. the so-called phase transition of $$|t\mathcal {A}|$$

|
t
A
|

. We use the Castelnuovo–Mumford regularity and the geometry of $$Y_{n,d_{\mathcal {A}}}$$

Y

n
,

d
A

to describe the polynomial $$p_{\mathcal {A}}(t)$$

p
A

(
t
)

and to derive new bounds for $$n_0(\mathcal {A})$$

n
0

(
A
)

under some technical assumptions on the convex hull of $$\mathcal {A}$$
A
; and vice versa we apply the theory of sumsets to obtain geometric information of the varieties $$Y_{n,d_{\mathcal {A}}}$$

Y

n
,

d
A

.
Effectiveness of allyl isothiocyanate microencapsulated in polyethylene as a repellent against Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) infestation of corrugated cardboard boxes in field experiment
Authors: Hashimoto Yoshiaki , Sakamoto Hironori , Asai Hiromi , Yasoshima Masamitsu , Lin Hui-Min , Goka Koichi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSolenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae; red imported fire ant) is an invasive species in several parts of the world. A major contributor to the spread of S. invicta is infested shipping containers. The vapor of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), a naturally occurring organosulfur compound, is highly toxic to S. invicta; however, AITC is highly volatile. Microencapsulation of AITC in polyethylene (PE) resin slows the release of AITC, making it a potentially useful material for preventing S. invicta infestations. Here, we examined the efficacy of AITC microencapsulated in PE (mAITC) as a repellent against S. invicta infestation of cardboard boxes, a common containerized cargo. Using baited cardboard boxes, we found that the number of S. invicta individuals entering boxes containing an mAITC sheet was significantly less than that entering boxes without an mAITC sheet. When a PE cover, which is often used to protect carboard boxes during shipping, was used, vapor concentrations of AITC inside the boxes were increased and the number of S. invicta individuals entering the boxes was reduced almost to zero. These findings indicate that mAITC sheeting, especially in combination with a PE cover, is a promising material for the protection of containerized cardboard-box cargo against S. invicta infestation.
Roof weighting and support of a largely mined shallow coal seam
Authors: Sun Ming , Ye Ziqi , Zhang Xueliang , Guo Chen , Zheng Wenxiang , Qian Lei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo study roof weighting and the support of a largely mined shallow coal seam, the hydraulic support resistances in both small and large periodic weightings were derived by different theoretical formulae. Support working resistances of the 12,401 mining face in small and large periodic weighting were 10,442 and 17,064 kN, which represented a loading-increase coefficient of up to 1.64. Mining cracks were formed up to land surface and were visible to the naked eye, and numerical simulation of roof stratum structure by 3DEC has been proven to be realistic. A 1.2-MPa supporting intensity represented a critical threshold for effectively reducing horizontal displacement and inhibiting rib spalling using FLAC3D. Hydraulic fracturing and micro-seismic monitoring were used to ensure the safety of the 12,401 mining face. These findings can explain the mechanism of mining a shallow coal seam for effective prevention and controlled design. The results show high accuracy and are consistent with reality.
The ethical issues of the application of artificial intelligence in healthcare: a systematic scoping review
Authors: Karimian Golnar , Petelos Elena , Evers Silvia M. A. A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) is being increasingly applied in healthcare. The expansion of AI in healthcare necessitates AI-related ethical issues to be studied and addressed. This systematic scoping review was conducted to identify the ethical issues of AI application in healthcare, to highlight gaps, and to propose steps to move towards an evidence-informed approach for addressing them. A systematic search was conducted to retrieve all articles examining the ethical aspects of AI application in healthcare from Medline (PubMed) and Embase (OVID), published between 2010 and July 21, 2020. The search terms were “artificial intelligence” or “machine learning” or “deep learning” in combination with “ethics” or “bioethics”. The studies were selected utilizing a PRISMA flowchart and predefined inclusion criteria. Ethical principles of respect for human autonomy, prevention of harm, fairness, explicability, and privacy were charted. The search yielded 2166 articles, of which 18 articles were selected for data charting on the basis of the predefined inclusion criteria. The focus of many articles was a general discussion about ethics and AI. Nevertheless, there was limited examination of ethical principles in terms of consideration for design or deployment of AI in most retrieved studies. In the few instances where ethical principles were considered, fairness, preservation of human autonomy, explicability and privacy were equally discussed. The principle of prevention of harm was the least explored topic. Practical tools for testing and upholding ethical requirements across the lifecycle of AI-based technologies are largely absent from the body of reported evidence. In addition, the perspective of different stakeholders is largely missing.
Re-imagining narrative writing and assessment: a post-NAPLAN craft-based rubric for creative writing
Authors: Carey Michael D. , Davidow Shelley , Williams Paul 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAccording to creative writing pedagogies academic Susanne Gannon (English in Australia, 54(2), 43–56, 2019), and the Federal government-commissioned NAPLAN review (McGaw et al., 2020), NAPLAN has restricted how writing is taught in secondary schools. A NAPLAN-influenced structural approach to teaching writing has subsumed the development of imaginative capacity. Given the considerable negative criticism of the NAPLAN writing tests, including the negative impact it has had on the teaching of writing, there is a need, we argue, for a fit-for-purpose assessment rubric that assesses creative writing. In a 10-week project, teaching creative writing with three classes of Year 9 students in Steiner schools, we evaluated the use of a novel creative writing rubric, created by published creative writers and lecturers (the second and third authors), to assess the students’ creative writing pre- and post-program. Consecutively, the NAPLAN narrative criteria were also used to assess the same writing scripts as a point of comparison. The creative writing criteria privileged craft-based approaches to imaginative writing compared to the function and form-focused criteria of NAPLAN. Statistical analyses of the reliability and validity of the creative writing rubric showed that the construct can be scored with a significant moderate level of reliably by different raters (r = 0.5–0.7;ICC = 0.6). Internal consistency reliability of the criteria was found to be excellent (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.94). Content validity of the instrument was found to be strong (r = 0.7–0.9) and significant. Unexpectedly, analyses for concurrent validity showed that the instrument correlates strongly (r = 0.7) and significantly with the NAPLAN narrative rubric, suggesting some overlap, but not parity with the NAPLAN assessment. We found that students’ post-project writing improved in all aspects according to the creative writing rubric, with a statistically significant improvement in students’structural elements and presentationand group average improvement approaching significance in two other criteria:words,sentence, and voiceandcharacters and context(effect sizesd = 0.3–0.4). However, there were no significant improvements in the students’ post-program writing according to the NAPLAN criteria, possibly because the NAPLAN narrative task criteria did not capture student development of a unique writing style or individual “voice” or other craft-based standards of proficiency measured by the creative writing rubric. Given the validity and reliability evidence, we conclude that the creative writing rubric is a fit-for-purpose guide to school-based learning and assessment of creative writing.
A survey of middle years students’ perceptions of aesthetic literacies, their importance and inclusion in curriculum and the workforce
Authors: Barton Georgina , Le Anh Hai 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe ways in which we communicate have expanded substantially. Not only are we expected to read and create print-based text but also those that include images and other modes. To effectively make meaning from contemporary texts, students need to know about aesthetics, that is, how various texts are appreciated and presented. However, evidence suggests that limited attention to aesthetics occurs in schools. The purpose of this paper is to investigate to what extent middle years students understand the importance of aesthetics in their school and work across different professions. To address this, we share data from a survey distributed to two schools and completed by 80 middle years students aged 8–13 years of age. The survey aimed to determine these students’ knowledge and understanding of aesthetics and their associated literacies and if they knew of their inclusion in the curriculum. We also asked about their knowledge of aesthetics in different jobs. Findings showed that students are aware of aesthetics in society and work, but they also indicated that they did not feel they had been taught these important literacies at school despite thinking they could improve their grades. These findings suggest that teachers and students may require more development in the area of aesthetic literacies to enhance language and material resources for meaning making. It is hoped that research on aesthetic literacies can provide further insight on their importance in preparing students to be job ready.
The utility of NAPLAN data: issues of access, use and expertise for teaching and learning.
Authors: Jackson Christine J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInternationally, assessment and the use of diagnostic data are recognized as critical capabilities for teachers. This is not a recent development, with assessment recognized for some decades as playing a significant role in informing learning and learners.This paper will examine whether teachers and members of the school leadership team utilize the National Assessment Program - Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) data for informing teaching and improving learning. Using a theoretical framework that draws on the conceptualisation of assessment as a social practice and Wenger’s social theory of learning as a shared enterprise in a community of practice, this paper will provide evidence of the common power relationships (school leaders and teachers) that exist as part of social structures within a community of practice. The paper will present how these power relationships impede access to, use of or enable expertise in the analysis of NAPLAN data.The findings are based on an empirical study of nine case study schools across two Australian states and suggest there are inequalities of access to NAPLAN data between school leaders and teachers. The study discovered variegated access and distinct pathways of data dissemination and analysis dependent on a teacher’s specified role within the school. The paper concludes with suggestions for greater stewardship from school leaders in building school cultures of data literacy and highlights the importance of collaboration between school leaders and teachers to build professional capability in this area.
Efficient Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Process Mining from Event Logs
Authors: Li Gong-Liang , Jing Si-Yuan , Shen Yan , Guo Bing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractProcess mining, which aims to mine a high-quality process model from event log, provides a powerful tool to support the design, enactment, management, and analysis of operational business processes. However, the task is not easy because the algorithm needs to discover various complex process structures, handle noisy and incomplete event logs and balance multiple performance indicators. In this paper, a novel algorithm (called PSOMiner) for process mining is proposed, which consists of a discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm and guided local mutation. The former is in charge of searching the solution space of causal matrix and the latter is used to help the algorithm skip out the local optimum when it suffers from premature. A fine-grained scoring strategy which used to assign a score to each position of a particle (i.e. causal matrix) is presented to direct the mutation. The experiments were performed on 28 synthetic event logs with/without noise and 4 real-life event logs, and three classical algorithms of process mining (ETM, Hybrid ILP Miner, HM) were chosen for comparison. The results show that (1) PSOMiner achieved the best f-score on 25 synthetic event logs; (2) The average f-score of PSOMiner is 0.825 on 4 real-life event logs, which is superior to ETM whose average f-score is 0.703.
Poor Knowledge of Acute Mountain Sickness in Latin American Medical Students
Authors: Alarcón Renzo F. , Huayanay Ronal , Monge Eduardo 
Published: March 2022

Introduction Acute altitude exposure is a common event in Latin America that can result in mild to severe altitude illness. Medical students from some Latin American countries receive little information on this topic. Our aim was to determine the knowledge and incidence of acute mountain sickness (AMS), as well as the methods used to prevent AMS among medical students attending the Pan-American Student Meeting in Cusco, Peru, a city at high altitude (3400 m). Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study on medical students attending a conference. Participants completed a questionnaire on the day of registration that collected demographic data and investigated students’ knowledge of AMS, its prophylaxis, and their personal experience of symptoms. Results A total of 840 students attended the meeting. Two hundred eighty-eight returned surveys, 51 from high altitude locations. Respondent age was 23±3 y (mean±SD), and 72% were female. Thirty-two percent had basic knowledge about symptoms of AMS. Headache was recognized as a symptom by 79%. Knowledge of AMS prophylaxis was reported by 70%. Coca leaf products and dimenhydrinate were mentioned by 30 and 16%, respectively, whereas acetazolamide was recognized by only 10% of participants. AMS incidence was 42%. Prophylactic measures were adopted by 47% of the participants in our study. Thirty-six percent used dimenhydrinate and 27% used coca tea. Less than 1% used acetazolamide as recommended. Conclusions We found poor knowledge of AMS and effective prophylaxis among medical students from several South American countries traveling to 3400 m.
Risk-Efficient Coverage Selection Strategies for the Pasture, Rangeland, Forage (PRF) Insurance Program
Authors: Zapata Samuel D. , García José María 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Pasture, Rangeland, Forage (PRF) insurance program is aimed to assist producers to manage the risk of forage loss due to the lack of precipitation. However, limited attention has been given to understanding the implications of policyholders’ coverage selection decisions. In this study, three alternative risk-efficient portfolio selection strategies are assessed in to the context of the PRF program. Proposed methods consider all the decision parameters and program restrictions, and they highlighted the underlying relationships between expected revenue, risk, and choice of the coverage parameters. Selection strategies are illustrated by examining the optimal coverage for a grid in South Texas.
Art and Transformation
Authors: AUMANN ANTONY 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEncounters with art can change us in ways both big and small. This paper focuses on one of the more dramatic cases. I argue that works of art can inspire what L. A. Paul calls transformations, classic examples of which include getting married, having a child, and undergoing a religious conversion. Two features distinguish transformations from other changes we undergo. First, they involve the discovery of something new. Second, they result in a change in our core preferences. These two features make transformations hard to motivate. I argue, however, that art can help on both fronts. First, works of art can guide our attempt to imagine unfamiliar ways of living. Second, they can attract us to values we currently reject. I conclude by observing that what makes art powerful also makes it dangerous. Transformations are not always for the good, and art's ability to inspire them can be put to immoral ends.
From paper to screen: regulatory and operational considerations for modernizing the informed consent process
Authors: Cobb Nichelle L. , Edwards Dorothy F. , Chin Erin M. , Lah James J. , Goldstein Felicia C. , Manzanares Cecilia M. , Suver Christine M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Electronic platforms provide an opportunity to improve the informed consent (IC) process by permitting elements shown to increase research participant understanding and satisfaction, such as graphics, self-pacing, meaningful engagement, and access to additional information on demand. However, including these elements can pose operational and regulatory challenges for study teams and institutional review boards (IRBs) responsible for the ethical conduct and oversight of research. We examined the experience of two study teams at Alzheimer’s Disease Research Centers who chose to move from a paper-based IC process to an electronic informed consent (eIC) process to highlight some of these complexities and explore how IRBs and study teams can navigate them. Here, we identify the key regulations that should be considered when developing and using an eIC process as well as some of the operational considerations eIC presents related to IRB review and how they can be addressed.
On the Foundations of the Problem of Free Will
Authors: Galeazzi Paolo , Rendsvig Rasmus K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn a recent paper, Christian List (2014) has argued for the compatibilism of free will and determinism. Drawing on a distinction between physical possibility (used in defining determinism) and agential possibility (used in defining free will), List constructs a formal two-level model in which the two concepts are consistent. This paper's first contribution is to show that though List's model is formally consistent, philosophically it falls short of establishing a satisfactory compatibilist position. Ensuingly, an analysis of the shortcomings of the model leads to the identification of a controversial epistemological assumption implicit in the statements of both compatibilist and incompatibilist positions. Arguing that this assumption is not currently satisfied, the paper's second contribution is to show that neither the compatibilist nor the incompatibilist position is presently well-founded.
Outbreak and control of Achromobacter denitrificans at an academic hospital in Pretoria, South Africa
Authors: Said Mohamed , Mitton Barend , Skosana Lebogang Busisiwe , Kopotsa Katlego , Naidoo Rashmika , Amutenya Victoria 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjective:In this study, we sought to determine the source of an outbreak of Achromobacter denitrificans infections in patients at a tertiary-care academic hospital.Design:Outbreak report study with intervention. The study period extended from February 2018 to December 2018.Setting:The study was conducted at a tertiary-care academic hospital in Pretoria, South Africa.Patients and participants:All patients who cultured A. denitrificans from any site were included in this study. During the study period, 43 patients met this criterion.Interventions:Once an outbreak was confirmed, the microbiology laboratory compiled a list of affected patients. A common agent, chlorhexidine-and-water solution, was used as a disinfectant–antiseptic for all affected patients. The laboratory proceeded to culture this solution. Environmental and surface swabs were also cultured from the hospital pharmacy area where this solution was prepared. Repetitive-element, sequence-based, polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) was performed on the initial clinical isolates to confirm the relatedness of the isolates.Results:In total, 43 isolates of A. denitrificans were cultured from patient specimens during the outbreak. The laboratory cultured A. denitrificans from all bottles of chlorhexidine-and-water solutions sampled from the wards and the pharmacy. The culture of the dispenser device used to prepare this solution also grew A. denitrificans. The rep-PCR confirmed the clonality of the clinical isolates with 2 genotypes dominating.Conclusions:Contaminated chlorhexidine-and-water solutions prepared at the hospital pharmacy was determined to be the source of the outbreak. Once this item was removed from the hospital, the laboratory did not culture any further A. denitrificans isolates from patient specimens.