bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attempted Suicide by Burning: A Cross-sectional Analysis at a Regional Burn Center in Germany
Authors: Obed Doha , Dastagir Nadjib , Salim Mustafa , Bucher Florian , Gruber Lisa , Schröter Andreas , Panayi Adriana C , Knoedler Samuel , Dastagir Khaled , Vogt Peter M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Attempted suicide by self-immolation or burning constitutes an uncommon form of attempted suicide in high income countries, presenting substantial challenges to burn units. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiologic characteristics and outcomes in intensive care burn patients treated for attempted suicide by burning. For this purpose, we examined intensive care burn patients admitted to a single major burn unit between March 2007 and December 2020. Demographic, clinical, epidemiological, and mortality data were collected and analyzed. Major psychiatric comorbidities were evaluated according to ICD-9 and ICD-10 classifications. A total of 1325 intensive care unit burn patients were included. Suicide by burning was attempted in 45 cases (3.4%). Attempted suicide victims presented with significantly higher burn severity, reflected by higher abbreviated burn severity index scores, and larger TBSA affected. Burned TBSA ≥30% and inhalation injuries were observed more frequently in suicidal patients. These patients also experienced prolonged hospital and intensive care unit length of stay, required surgical interventions and mechanical ventilation more frequently, and had significantly longer periods on ventilation, causing an overall higher mortality rate (24.4%). Psychiatric comorbidities were present in 75.6% of patients who attempted suicide. Despite the low prevalence, burn severity and mortality are considerably high in patients who attempted suicide by burning, presenting a significant challenge for healthcare providers. The majority of patients had a history of psychiatric disorder, highlighting the importance of identifying patients at high-risk who may profit from increased psychiatric intervention.
Best Management Practices Increase Profitability of Small-Scale US Beekeeping Operations
Authors: Tubene Stephan , Kulhanek Kelly , Rennich Karen , vanEngelsdorp Dennis 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Little is known about the economics of small-scale beekeeping, due in part because many of these beekeepers are motivated by personal enjoyment and not profit. These beekeepers, however, represent more than 90% of US beekeeping population, so economic analysis of this majority group is warranted. Understanding how management practices impact colony profitability in small apiaries can inform beekeeper management decisions. Best management practices (BMPs) can increase colony productivity and survival, but often require additional labor and materials compared to less intensive beekeeping practices. Here, we investigate the impact of BMPs on the profitability of small-scale beekeeping. We found that BMPs required higher costs in labor and materials, but that they also produced higher revenue from honey and nucleus colony production. As a result, after three years, BMP apiaries were 8 times more profitable than less intensively managed apiaries. The increased profitability in BMP apiaries is largely attributed to improved colony health and survival due to more active Varroa management and reduced Varroa and viral loads. These results can inform small scale beekeeper budgeting and management, and also support extension efforts to increase BMP adoption.
Resistance to Beta-cypermethrin, Azadirachtin, and Matrine, and Biochemical Characterization of Field Populations of Oedaleus asiaticus (Bey-Bienko) in Inner Mongolia, Northern China
Authors: Gao Shujing , Tan Yao , Han Haibin , Guo Na , Gao Haiyan , Xu Linbo , Lin Kejian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Oedaleus asiaticus (Bey-Bienko) is an economically devastating locust species found in grassland and pastoral areas of the Inner Mongolia region of northern China. In this study, resistance to three frequently used insecticides (beta-cypermethrin, matrine, and azadirachtin) was investigated in six field populations of O. asiaticus using the leaf-dip bioassay method. The inhibitory effects of synergists and the activities of detoxification enzyme activities in the different populations were determined to explore potential biochemical resistance mechanisms. The results showed that the field populations SB (resistance ratio [RR] = 7.85), ZB (RR = 5.64), and DB (RR = 6.75) had developed low levels of resistance to beta-cypermethrin compared with a susceptible control strain. Both the SB (RR = 5.92) and XC (RR = 6.38) populations had also developed low levels of resistance against matrine, with the other populations remaining susceptible to both beta-cypermethrin and matrine. All field populations were susceptible to azadirachtin. Synergism analysis showed that triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and diethyl-maleate (DEM) increased the toxicity of beta-cypermethrin significantly in the SB population, while the synergistic effects of TPP, piperonyl butoxide (PBO), and DEM on the toxicity of matrine were higher in SB (SR 3.86, 4.18, and 3.07, respectively) than in SS (SR 2.24, 2.86, and 2.29, respectively), but no synergistic effects of TPP, PBO, and DEM on azadirachtin were found. Biochemical assays showed that the activities of carboxylesterases (CarEs) and glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) were significantly raised in all field populations of O. asiaticus, with a significant positive correlation observed between beta-cypermethrin resistance and CarE activity. The activities of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450) and multi-function oxidases (MFO) were elevated in all six field populations, and P450 activity displayed strong positive correlations with the three insecticides. Our findings suggest that resistance to beta-cypermethrin in O. asiaticus may be mainly attributed to elevated CarE and GST activities, while P450 plays an important role in metabolizing matrine and azadirachtin. Our study provides insights that will help improve insecticide resistance management strategies.
Social media use in the context of the Personal Social Media Ecosystem Framework
Authors: Carter Michael C , Cingel Drew P , Ruiz Jeanette B , Wartella Ellen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe rapid proliferation and maturation of social media platforms have led to numerous challenges in understanding the correlates of social media use among users. To advance this research, the present article proposes a new way to think about social media with the Personal Social Media Ecosystem Framework (PSMEF). This perspective defines social media as a user-centric digital environment made up of a central set of individual, yet interrelated digital spaces (e.g., in-app pages) that are themselves embedded within a broader ecology (e.g., operating system, the Internet, offline contexts). By leveraging the PSMEF and data from focus groups involving adolescent participants (N = 59), we identify a core subset of salient environmental contexts within participants’ PSMEs that can generalize across platforms, which are differentially associated with popular social media platforms. The theoretical and practical implications of this work are discussed.
Dynamic architectural responses of morphological traits to emergence timing inAbutilon theophrasti(Malvaceae)
Authors: Wang Shu , Zhou Dao-Wei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractArchitectural plasticity in traits should be useful for understanding morphological and allocation plasticity at the whole-plant level and associated growth strategies of plants in dealing with variation in emergence time. To investigate how plants respond to emergence timing via dynamic architectural plasticity, we conducted a field experiment by sowing plants of Abutilon theophrasti on different dates to make them emerge in spring, late spring, summer and late summer, as four treatments of emergence time (ET1–ET4), and measured a series of mass and morphological traits in different vertical layers (with an inter-distance of 10 or 20 cm per layer) of plants at three stages. The ‘vertical arch’ and ‘inverted-cone’ shapes displayed at reproductive stage by plants emerged between spring and summer (ET1–ET3) and in late summer (ET4), respectively, revealed that they had contrasting timing schemes for vegetative and reproductive growth. Plants emerged earlier had relatively isolated vegetative and reproductive stages, while late-summer emerged plants had overlapped vegetative and reproductive stages due to accelerated leaf and reproductive growth simultaneously, as a result of shortened lifetime. In spite of this, plants emerged earlier were still able to adopt different optimal strategies in dealing with their corresponding circumstances. Architectural analysis should be a useful approach to better understanding diverse plant strategies in the context of varying environmental conditions.
On all pure three-valued logics
Authors: Pailos Federico 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We investigate the class of all pure three-valued logics that result from choosing the eight subsets of $\{0, 1, \frac {1}{2}\}$ as designated values on the strong Kleene schema, including the sets that are not (order) filters. We present some of their main characteristics and show some formal relations between these logics. We also suggest a recipe to build philosophical interpretations for most of these logics and show why it is not easy to apply this account to the last two logics in the list.
Origin of highly r-process-enhanced stars in a cosmological zoom-in simulation of a Milky Way-like galaxy
Authors: Hirai Yutaka , Beers Timothy C , Chiba Masashi , Aoki Wako , Shank Derek , Saitoh Takayuki R , Okamoto Takashi , Makino Junichiro 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The r-process-enhanced (RPE) stars provide fossil records of the assembly history of the Milky Way (MW) and the nucleosynthesis of the heaviest elements. Observations by the R-Process Alliance (RPA) and others have confirmed that many RPE stars are associated with chemo-dynamically tagged groups, which likely came from accreted dwarf galaxies of the MW. However, we do not know how RPE stars are formed. Here, we present the result of a cosmological zoom-in simulation of an MW-like galaxy with r-process enrichment, performed with the highest resolution in both time and mass. Thanks to this advancement, unlike previous simulations, we find that most highly RPE (r-II; [Eu/Fe] &gt; +0.7) stars are formed in low-mass dwarf galaxies that have been enriched in r-process elements for [Fe/H] $\lt -2.5$, while those with higher metallicity are formed in situ, in locally enhanced gas clumps that were not necessarily members of dwarf galaxies. This result suggests that low-mass accreted dwarf galaxies are the main formation site of r-II stars with [Fe/H] $\, \lt -2.5$. We also find that most low-metallicity r-II stars exhibit halo-like kinematics. Some r-II stars formed in the same halo show low dispersions in [Fe/H] and somewhat larger dispersions of [Eu/Fe], similar to the observations. The fraction of simulated r-II stars is commensurate with observations from the RPA, and the distribution of the predicted [Eu/Fe] for halo r-II stars matches that observed. These results demonstrate that RPE stars can be valuable probes of the accretion of dwarf galaxies in the early stages of their formation.
Structural basis of direct and inverted DNA sequence repeat recognition by helix–turn–helix transcription factors
Authors: Fernandez-Lopez Raul , Ruiz Raul , del Campo Irene , Gonzalez-Montes Lorena , Boer D Roeland , de la Cruz Fernando , Moncalian Gabriel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Some transcription factors bind DNA motifs containing direct or inverted sequence repeats. Preference for each of these DNA topologies is dictated by structural constraints. Most prokaryotic regulators form symmetric oligomers, which require operators with a dyad structure. Binding to direct repeats requires breaking the internal symmetry, a property restricted to a few regulators, most of them from the AraC family. The KorA family of transcriptional repressors, involved in plasmid propagation and stability, includes members that form symmetric dimers and recognize inverted repeats. Our structural analyses show that ArdK, a member of this family, can form a symmetric dimer similar to that observed for KorA, yet it binds direct sequence repeats as a non-symmetric dimer. This is possible by the 180° rotation of one of the helix–turn–helix domains. We then probed and confirmed that ArdK shows affinity for an inverted repeat, which, surprisingly, is also recognized by a non-symmetrical dimer. Our results indicate that structural flexibility at different positions in the dimerization interface constrains transcription factors to bind DNA sequences with one of these two alternative DNA topologies.
Multiple-low-dose therapy: effective killing of high-grade serous ovarian cancer cells with ATR and CHK1 inhibitors
Authors: Golder Anya , Nelson Louisa , Tighe Anthony , Barnes Bethany , Coulson-Gilmer Camilla , Morgan Robert D , McGrail Joanne C , Taylor Stephen S 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is an aggressive disease that typically develops drug resistance, thus novel biomarker-driven strategies are required. Targeted therapy focuses on synthetic lethality—pioneered by PARP inhibition of BRCA1/2-mutant disease. Subsequently, targeting the DNA replication stress response (RSR) is of clinical interest. However, further mechanistic insight is required for biomarker discovery, requiring sensitive models that closely recapitulate HGSOC. We describe an optimized proliferation assay that we use to screen 16 patient-derived ovarian cancer models (OCMs) for response to RSR inhibitors (CHK1i, WEE1i, ATRi, PARGi). Despite genomic heterogeneity characteristic of HGSOC, measurement of OCM proliferation was reproducible and reflected intrinsic tumour-cell properties. Surprisingly, RSR targeting drugs were not interchangeable, as sensitivity to the four inhibitors was not correlated. Therefore, to overcome RSR redundancy, we screened the OCMs with all two-, three- and four-drug combinations in a multiple-low-dose strategy. We found that low-dose CHK1i-ATRi had a potent anti-proliferative effect on 15 of the 16 OCMs, and was synergistic with potential to minimise treatment resistance and toxicity. Low-dose ATRi-CHK1i induced replication catastrophe followed by mitotic exit and post-mitotic arrest or death. Therefore, this study demonstrates the potential of the living biobank of OCMs as a drug discovery platform for HGSOC.
BIOM-11. ROR1 MRNA EXPRESSION IN GLIOMA - A NOVEL PROGNOSTIC BIOMARKER
Authors: Madani Daniel , John Miya , Satgunaseelan Laveniya , Shivalingam Brindha , Ford Caroline 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. Despite maximal surgical resection followed by concomitant chemo-/radiotherapy, the three-year survival remains less than 5%. Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in several cancers. ROR1 therapeutics are in Phase I/II clinical trials making it an exciting novel target with translational potential to explore for glioblastoma treatment. The aim of this study was to examine the association between ROR1 mRNA expression and overall survival, by applying the WHO 2021 classification to transcriptomic glioma datasets.

METHODS
Clinical, histological, and molecular data was extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), Repository for Molecular Brain Neoplasia (REMBRANDT), and GSE16011 (GRAVENDEEL) projects via the GlioVis portal. Using the WHO 2021 classification, the dataset was appropriately re-classified. Only confirmed cases of astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, or glioblastoma, and ROR1 mRNA expression data were included in the analysis, which included a total of 2,303 cases. 981 cases comprised the low-grade glioma cohort and 1322 cases were included in the high-grade glioma cohort. ROR1 mRNA expression from the four datasets was normalized within each dataset, combined, and divided into high and low expression groups. ROR1 expression and survival correlations were estimated with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Mantel-Cox test using GraphPad Prism v9.

RESULTS
Those with high ROR1 expression had an overall median survival of 4.5 months, as compared to 21.4 months in the low ROR1 expression cohort (p&lt; 0.0001). High-grade gliomas had the highest ROR1 mRNA expression across the consortium when compared to the low-grade glioma cohort (p&lt; 0.0001).

CONCLUSION
The results of this study indicate an association between overall survival in glioma and ROR1 expression. In addition, targeting ROR1 could hold translational importance for novel putative treatment in glioblastoma patients.
BIOM-14. SYSTEMIC BIOMARKERS OF TUMOR BURDEN IN GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENTS
Authors: Chabot Peter , Fontaine Dominique , del Genio Carmen , Shentu Yujia , Gaur Arti 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBM) are Grade IV gliomas that are highly aggressive, lethal primary brain tumors. They are extremely heterogenous tumors both at a cellular and molecular level, harboring diverse oncogenes and mutated tumor suppressor genes with both inter- and intra-tumor variability in expression patterns. Currently, the presence of GBM cannot be predicted and they are diagnosed post-surgical resection by histologic evaluation of tumor tissue. There is an urgent, unmet need for the discovery of GBM-specific biomarkers that could precisely predict and monitor the presence of tumors in GBM patients. Over the last seven years we have carried out a prospective, multi-center, clinical study to longitudinally analyze tumor and plasma samples from GBM patients. We have characterized expression levels of microRNAs, mRNAs and proteins isolated from plasma samples collected from GBM patients throughout their treatment and compared these data to clinical and pathological reports for each patient. Our research has identified a set of systemic microRNAs and their targets that can be correlated to tumor burden in GBM patients. Data will be presented to demonstrate how specific sets of molecular markers and secreted proteins can track disease in GBM patients. This study provides insights into how systemically expressed biomarkers in GBM patients can be used in the development of methods for the precise assessment of disease progression and treatment efficacy while being minimally invasive and cost-effective. Combining clinicopathological findings and biomarker profiling will predict treatment outcomes and provide oncologists precise readouts for tumor burden and response to treatment. Furthermore, this research will also provide critically needed criteria for rigorous monitoring of efficacy of all new therapeutic trials for GBM.
BIOM-23. MOLECULAR MARKER TESTING AND REPORTING COMPLETENESS FOR ADULT-TYPE DIFFUSE GLIOMAS IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Neff Corey , Cioffi Gino , Waite Kristin , Kruchko Carol , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill , Ostrom Quinn , Iorgulescu Bryan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND
A newly developed brain molecular marker (BMM) data item was implemented by U.S. cancer registries for individuals diagnosed with brain tumors in 2018—including IDH and 1p/19q-codeletion statuses for adult-type diffuse gliomas. We thus investigated the testing/reporting completeness of BMM in the U.S.

METHODS
Cases of histopathologically-confirmed glioblastoma, astrocytoma, and oligodendroglioma diagnosed in 2018 were identified in the National Cancer Database. Adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) and 95% confidence intervals (95CI) of BMM testing/reporting were evaluated for association with selected patient, treatment, and facility-level characteristics using multivariable logistic regression. As a secondary analysis, predictors of MGMT promoter methylation testing/reporting among IDH-wildtype glioblastoma individuals was assessed.

RESULTS
Among 7,370 histopathologically-diagnosed adult-type diffuse gliomas nationally, the overall BMM testing/reporting completeness was 81%. Compared to biopsy-only cases, the odds of testing/reporting increased for increased for subtotal (ORadj= 1.38 [95CI: 1.19-1.61], p&lt; 0.001) and gross total resection (ORadj=1.53 [95CI: 1.33-1.77], p&lt; 0.001). Furthermore, the odds of testing/reporting completeness were lowest at community centers (hospitals (65.8%; ORadj=0.33 [95CI: 0.24-0.44], p&lt; 0.001) and highest at academic/NCI-designated comprehensive cancer centers (85.3%; referent). By geographical location, BMM testing/reporting completeness ranged from a high of 86.9% at New England (referent) to a low of 75.2% in the West South Central region (ORadj=0.55 [95CI: 0.39-0.76]; p&lt; 0.001). Extent of resection, facility type, and facility location were additionally significant predictors of MGMT testing/reporting among IDH-wildtype glioblastoma cases.

CONCLUSION
Initial BMM testing/reporting completeness for individuals with adult-type diffuse gliomas in the U.S. were favorable, although patterns varied by hospital attributes and extent of resection.
BIOM-27. PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF EXTENT OF RESECTION IN GLIOMA ACCORDING TO THE 2021 WHO CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Saito Kuniaki , Sasaki Yuta , Shimizu Saki , Nagai Jun , Yamagishi Yuki , Sasaki Nobuyoshi , Kobayashi Keiichi , Shiokawa Yoshiaki , Nakatomi Hirofumi , Nagane Motoo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND
In the updated 2021 WHO classification, diffuse gliomas were strictly reclassified by molecular statuses. In glioblastoma (GBM), the prognostic significance of the resection has been shown, but the excision rate to be achieved in the new classification has not been defined. Moreover, the correlation between the extent of resection (EOR) and the prognosis is still controversial for other gliomas.

METHODS
IDH 1/2 mutations and TERT promoter mutations were analyzed by Sanger sequencing, 1p/19q co-deletion by microsatellite or MLPA, and EGFR amplification and CDKN2A deletions by MLPA. The correlation between the resection rate and prognosis of each tumor type in the 2021/2016 WHO classification was analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTS
According to the 2021 classification, 293 patients with GBM, IDH-wild type, 68 with astrocytoma, IDH-mutant (2/3/4 22/26/20), and 58 with oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q co-deleted were identified. Based on the 2016 classification, they were diagnosed as 314 GBM, 106 astrocytoma (Gd II/III 37/69), and 59 oligodendroglioma. For GBM, IDH-wild type (2021 classification), a prolonged OS benefit was observed with &gt;25% removal (p=0.042), whereas, more than 20% of tumor removal for patients with GBM (2016 classification) resulted in OS prolongation. EOR was a significant favorable prognostic factor for grade II/III astrocytoma by the 2016 classification, but not for astrocytoma, IDH-mutant (grade 2/3) in the 2021 classification. When analyzed only in patients with astrocytoma, IDH-mutant by the 2021 classification, EOR was not significantly prognostic, suggesting that poorer prognosis of patients with unresectable IDH-wild type astrocytomas (2016 classification) might have a negative impact on the outcome.

CONCLUSION
There was a strong correlation between EOR and prognosis in patients with GBM, and &gt;25% removal was considered significant according to the 2021 classification. For astrocytoma in the 2021 classification, EOR did not show a prognostic significance, but further validation including grading effect is warranted.