bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative assessment of heat tolerance in weevils associated with a fire‐prone ecosystem
Authors: Javal Marion , Terblanche John S. , Smit Chantelle , Haran Julien 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Fire is an important cause of disturbance which directly shapes many ecosystems worldwide. While the effect of fire on the distribution and regeneration of plant species has been widely documented, little is known on how phytophagous insects are reacting to these disturbances.
This study explores the survival strategies of various weevil species, a highly diverse phytophagous beetle group in fire‐prone ecosystems of the biodiversity hotspot of the Cape Floristic Region in South Africa. More specifically, we investigated how the lifestyle of species (location of larval development, phenology of adults, and flight ability) correlates with heat tolerance. We hypothesized that wingless species in particular will show better tolerance to heat as they have a limited ability to escape fire rapidly and usually remain hidden in the soil.
The thermal tolerance of a set of sixteen species with divergent lifestyles and geographic distribution was measured using a standard heat knockdown protocol at 48°C. Respirometry was then performed on the most resistant species using a ramping protocol in order to determine CTmax.
Our results show that the species tested exhibit high variation in thermal tolerance across taxonomic groups, clustering into three modalities: weak, intermediate, and high tolerance to heat stress. In addition, life history traits (diurnal vs. nocturnal adult activity and location of juvenile stages in plant tissues) likely better explain thermal tolerance at the species level than flight ability or the fire‐proneness of ecosystems. Finally, results revealed that some non‐flying weevil species are highly heat tolerant with CTmax values reaching up to 50.2 and 51.9°C in species among the Ocladiinae and Brachycerinae subfamilies, respectively.
Climate change is leading to an increase in the impact and frequency of fires. In this context, this study highlights the diversity of strategies developed by arthropods to escape extreme heat in fire prone ecosystems. Further work is necessary to examine the generality of these patterns across other fire prone ecosystems to better understand behavioural compensation and evolutionary responses, especially given the forecast increases in fire driven by drying and warming associated with climate change.
Gendered morphologies and walking: Evidence from smartphone tracking data among young adults in Barcelona
Authors: Maciejewska Monika , Vich Guillem , Delclòs‐Alió Xavier , Miralles‐Guasch Carme 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIt is well established that urban form can encourage or hinder daily walking activity. Consequently, urban form has a direct impact on both spatial accessibility and the ability of achieving daily physical activity recommendations. However, the relationship between urban form and walking patterns may present relevant differences among different population subgroups, for instance in terms of gender. In order to analyse how the relationship between urban form and daily walking time might be modulated by gender, the present study aims to explore walking patterns of men and women living in different neighbourhood types in Barcelona Metropolitan Region (Spain). For this purpose, the study uses data extracted from a smartphone tracking app among a rather specific population group: young adults who commute daily to the same destination. The findings show that compact urban forms promote gender equality. The study especially sheds light on the disadvantaged position of young women living in small towns and suburbs, who walk much less than other women and any men.
Factoring Impacts to Water Supply Well Operations into Groundwater Management Planning
Authors: Gailey Robert M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGroundwater management planning requires balancing the interests of different stakeholder groups because (1) water supply development causes changes to groundwater systems that include declines in groundwater levels and (2) benefits and costs from pumping the common‐pool resource often do not occur such that they are shared proportionate to use. Quantifying impacts from declining groundwater levels among user groups can be useful for evaluating management strategies. In California, considering impacts to supply well operations is proving important for acceptance of management plans that have been required by law. A case study is presented to illustrate the types of results that may contribute to the planning process. The results indicate that significant differences in impact may occur between groundwater pumpers. Suggestions are provided for using this information to mitigate impacts to the most vulnerable stakeholders.
Innovative approach to predict the fouling propensity of orange juice suspended particles through relevant physical characterisation
Authors: Demoulin Camille , Wisniewski Christelle , Ricci Julien , Kapitan‐Gnimdu André , Delalonde Michèle , Dahdouh Layal 
Published: December 2022

SummaryThe feasibility of predicting at laboratory‐scale the fouling propensity of orange juice suspended particles based on their physical properties, was investigated. Samples were generated from mixtures of two selected size class of large and fine particles. The particle‐size distribution, rheological and textural properties of these samples were characterised as well as their fouling propensity using permeability test. Qualitative and quantitative statistical analyses revealed significant correlations between specific resistance to filtration (SRF) and hydration velocity (Vh), statistical diameter (D90) and shear strain at flow point (ɣf). Partial Least Square method allowed to discriminate contrasted values of log(SRF) of suspended particles using a simplified model (R2 = 0.79; RMSEC; RMSECV <20% of SRF mean; RPD = 1.6), based on 5 predictor variables (Vh, ɣf, D90, D[4;3] and ). These findings, offer new prospects to guide the choice of pretreatment or specific operating conditions to improve the performance of fruit juices microfiltration.
Effect of edible coating from octenyl succinic anhydride modified rye starch to extend shelf life of plums
Authors: Kaur Pinderpal , Sandhu Kawaljit Singh , Bangar Sneh Punia , Whiteside William Scott 
Published: December 2022

SummaryThe present study envisaged the effect of octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) modification on rye starch. Different properties (amylose content, swelling, and solubility) of rye starch before and after OSA modifications were evaluated. The swelling capacity of starch increased from 12.96 to 21.72 after OSA modification. Amylose content and solubility of rye starch decreased from 21.48%–15.39% and 18.69%–11.64%, respectively. Further, as an application, plum fruits (uncoated and coated with native and OSA‐modified starch) were selected to check the effect of storage duration on their weight and phenolic content. The result showed that native and OSA‐modified rye starch was capable enough to retard weight loss and maintain freshness in plum fruit during storage. During the present study, untreated plums lost 21.95% of weight after 21 days of storage. The weight loss percentage observed in plum coated with native rye and OSA‐modified starch (pH‐4, pH‐6, pH‐8) was 8.09% and 5.42%–7.39%. OSA‐modified starch at pH‐8 was more effective in preventing the quality deterioration of plum fruit. The starch coating on plums resulted in increased fruit TPC and antioxidant properties; however, the storage period negatively affects the TPC and antioxidant properties. The experimental observations from the present work valorise the potential of rye starch to be used as an alternate edible source for the coating of fruits.
Network pharmacology and molecular docking combined to investigate the mechanism of duck‐derived active peptides in preventing hypertension
Authors: Cao Yaqi , Huang Jichao , Sun Mingzhu , Shui Wenhao , Huang Tianran , Huang Ming 
Published: December 2022

SummaryThis study investigated the potential target and mechanism of duck‐derived active peptides in preventing hypertension through network pharmacology and molecular docking. Food‐derived active peptides proved to have potent anti‐hypertension activity, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. ‘Active peptide‐target’ and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed, followed by GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. The top five genes in PPI network were selected as target genes, and associated peptides and targets were subjected to molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Forty‐four active peptides were obtained, and 143 targets were uncovered, twenty‐two of which were associated with hypertension. In PPI network, ACE, MMP2, REN, NOS3 and VCAM1 were main potential targets. Moreover, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses documented that function involved in modulation of blood pressure, endocrine and renin–angiotensin cycle, including impact on membrane raft, membrane microdomain, membrane region and even G protein‐coupled peptide receptor activity, peptide receptor activity, endopeptidase activity and calcium signalling pathway. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations proved that the interaction between active peptides and targets depended on hydrogen. IPIIDYEVSITLGDPEALRDLLGEWVPWQ, AEDEEEINAELTAK, LLCVAV, IQLESVAVNVTIQDFVADVESKLF and GGPDF exhibited the strongest binding ability with ACE, MMP2, NOS3, REN and VCAM1. These findings provided potential key targets for hypertension treatment by duck‐derived active peptides.
Preparation and refractive index characterization of chalcogenide glasses with gradient refractive index
Authors: Guan Yongnian , Xia Kelun , He Lelu , Gu Zhengxiang , Liang Yachen , Zhang Jingwei , Gui Yiming , Wang Xunsi , Dai Shixun , Shen Xiang , Liu Zijun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInfrared gradient refractive index (GRIN) lenses have great application value and potential in multispectral imaging systems. This study reports various chalcogenide axial GRIN glasses prepared using the hot‐pressing diffusion method. It is worth noting that the S4–S60 GRIN sample has a difference in refractive index (RI) Δnof greater than 0.3 and a diffusion depth of about 5 mm, which is the deepest diffusion depth reported in chalcogenide glass to date. In addition, the linear portion in the profile of the GRIN sample has a RI difference of 0.15 and a thickness of 1.2 mm. The effects of the temperature, concentration difference, and diffusion time on the sample diffusion process are discussed. The dispersion properties of the GRIN samples were further calculated, providing a new option for correcting chromatic aberrations in optical systems. In addition, a method for the indirect nondestructive characterization of sample RI using the Raman intensity ratio is proposed, and the reliability of the method is verified by practical experiments, which is convenient for the subsequent measurement of the GRIN profile.
FUBP3 regulates chronic myeloid leukaemia progression through PRC2 complex regulated PAK1‐ERK signalling
Authors: Sharma Mugdha , Anandram Seetharam , Ross Cecil , Srivastava Sweta 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe development of resistance and heterogeneity in differential response towards tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) treatment has led to the exploration of factors independent of the Philadelphia chromosome. Among these are the association of deletions of genes on derivative (der) 9 chromosome with adverse outcomes in CML patients. However, the functional role of genes near the breakpoint on der (9) in CML prognosis and progression remains largely unexplored. Copy number variation and mRNA expression were evaluated for five genes located near the breakpoint on der (9). Our data showed a significant association between microdeletions of the FUBP3 gene and its reduced expression with poor prognostic markers and adverse response outcomes in CML patients. Further investigation using K562 cells showed that the decrease in FUBP3 protein was associated with an increase in proliferation and survival due to activation of the MAPK–ERK pathway. We have established a novel direct interaction of FUBP3 protein and PRC2 complex in the regulation of ERK signalling via PAK1. Our findings demonstrate the role of the FUBP3 gene located on der (9) in poor response and progression in CML with the identification of additional druggable targets such as PAK1 in improving response outcomes in CML patients.
Heterogeneity of Hippo signalling activity in different histopathologic subtypes of renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Duong Nguyen Xuong , Le Minh‐Khang , Kondo Tetsuo , Mitsui Takahiko 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to reveal the prognostic role of the Hippo pathway in different histopathological subtypes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The TCGA‐KIRC (n = 537), TCGA‐KIRP (n = 291) and TCGA‐KICH (n = 113), which contain data about clear cell (ccRCC), papillary (pRCC) and chromophobe RCC (chRCC), respectively, were investigated. Gene Set Variation Analysis was used to compare the activity of many pathways within a single sample. Oncogenic pathway‐related expression differed between cases of ccRCC involving low and high Hippo pathway activity. There were two subsets of ccRCC, in which the cancer exhibited lower and higher Hippo signalling activity, respectively, compared with normal tissue. In the ccRCC cohort, lower Hippo pathway activity was associated with a higher clinical stage (p < 0.001). The Hippo pathway (HR = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.17–0.50,p < 0.001), apoptosis (HR = 6.02; 95% CI = 1.47–24.61;p = 0.013) and the p53 pathway (HR = 0.09; 95% CI = 0.02–0.36;p < 0.001) were identified as independent prognostic factors for ccRCC. The 5‐year overall survival of the ccRCC patients with low and high Hippo pathway activity were 51.9% (95% CI = 45.0–59.9) and 73.6% (95% CI = 67.8–79.9), respectively. In conclusion, the Hippo pathway plays an important role in the progression of ccRCC. Low Hippo pathway activity is associated with poor outcomes in ccRCC, indicating the tumour suppressor function of this pathway.
Crosstalk between reproductive and immune systems: the teleostean perspective
Authors: Chuphal Bhawna , Sathoria Priyanka , Rai Umesh , Roy Brototi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe bidirectional interaction between the hypothalamic–pituitary‐gonadal (HPG) axis and the immune system plays a crucial role in the adaptation of an organism to its environment, its survival and the continuance of a species. Nonetheless, very little is known about this interaction among teleost, the largest group of extant vertebrates. Fishes being seasonal breeders, their immune system is exposed to seasonally changing levels of HPG hormones. On the contrary, the presence and infiltration of leukocytes, the expression of pattern recognition receptors as well as cytokines in gonads suggest their key role in teleostean gametogenesis as in the case of mammals. Moreover, the modulation of gametogenesis and steroidogenesis by lipopolysaccharide implicates the pathological significance of inflammation on reproduction. Thus, it is important to engage in the understanding of the interaction between these two important physiological systems, not only from a phylogenetic perspective but also due to the importance of fish as an important economic resource. In view of this, the authors have reviewed the crosstalk between the reproductive and immune systems in teleosts and tried to explore the importance of this interaction in their survival and reproductive fitness.
Plant base editing and prime editing: The current status and future perspectives
Authors: Li Jingying , Zhang Chen , He Yubing , Li Shaoya , Yan Lei , Li Yucai , Zhu Ziwei , Xia Lanqin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPrecise replacement of an allele with an elite allele controlling an important agronomic trait in a predefined manner by gene editing technologies is highly desirable in crop improvement. Base editing and prime editing are two newly developed precision gene editing systems which can introduce the substitution of a single base and install the desired short indels to the target loci in the absence of double‐strand breaks and donor repair templates, respectively. Since their discoveries, various strategies have been attempted to optimize both base editor (BE) and prime editor (PE) in order to improve the precise editing efficacy, specificity, and expand the targeting scopes. Here, we summarize the latest development of various BEs and PEs, as well as their applications in plants. Based on these progresses, we recommend the appropriate BEs and PEs for both basic plant research and crop improvement. Moreover, we propose the perspectives for further optimization of these two editors. We envision that both BEs and PEs will become the routine and customized precise gene editing tools for both plant biological research and crop improvement in the near future.
The relationships of financial literacy with both financial behavior and financial well‐being: Meta‐analyses based on the selective literature review
Authors: Hwang Hyesun , Park Hyung In 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study conducted meta‐analyses of the relationships between financial literacy and both financial behavior and financial well‐being. Peer‐reviewed articles published on financial literacy in the field of consumer studies were collected by July 29, 2020. Fourteen articles were eligible for the meta‐analyses. The results showed positive relationships of financial knowledge with desirable financial behavior and financial well‐being. Our comparison of objective and subjective financial knowledge indicated that subjective knowledge had stronger relationships with both financial behavior and financial well‐being than objective knowledge. These two types of knowledge also had different paths to financial well‐being in that subjective knowledge had both direct and indirect effects on financial well‐being through financial behavior, whereas objective knowledge only had an indirect effect. The relationship between financial knowledge and financial behavior appeared stronger in cross‐sectional data than in longitudinal data. The implications of these results and possible directions for future consumer science research were discussed.
Online information on mandibular advancement device for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: A content, quality and readability analysis
Authors: Incerti Parenti Serena , Gamberini Sara , Fiordelli Andrea , Bortolotti Francesco , Laffranchi Laura , Alessandri‐Bonetti Giulio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite increasing scientific interest in the effectiveness of mandibular advancement device (MAD) for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), laypeople lack knowledge about this treatment option.ObjectivesTo investigate content, quality and readability of the online information regarding MAD.MethodsGoogle, Yahoo and Bing were searched for ‘sleep apnea’, ‘mandibular advancement device’ and ‘oral appliance’. Websites were analysed for content (multidisciplinary care team, qualified dentist, treatment contraindications and side effects), as well as for quality (DISCERN instrument, HONcode) and readability scores (Flesch Reading Ease, FRE and Flesch–Kincaid Reading Grade, FKG).ResultsTotally, 155 websites were included: 53% from health professionals, 20% commercial, 17% academic and 10% from non‐health professionals. Content was incomplete, especially for commercial ones. 71.61% websites failed to acknowledge treatment contraindications, approximately 40.00% did not mention side effects and the need for a multidisciplinary care team, while 22.58% did not address the need to consult a qualified dentist. Quality and reliability were poor. Mean DISCERN score was 39.93 (95% CI 37.90–41.96), with lower scores for commercial websites compared with others. Only nine websites displayed HONcode certification. Readability was quite difficult, with mean FRE score of 59.50 (95% CI 57.58–61.42) and mean FKG level of 6.92 (95% CI 6.64–7.21).ConclusionHealth care professionals should be aware that currently available online information do not fulfil the most important aspects of MAD therapy and may be difficult to understand by laypeople. This could contribute to cause delays in appropriate OSA care and unrealistic treatment expectations, increasing the risk of treatment discontinuation.
Sleep changes in Taiwanese first graders before and after school closure during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Tsai Han‐Yi , Wu Wei‐Wen , Tang Chia‐Chun , Tsai Shao‐Yu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeThe objective of this study was (1) to examine sleep changes in first graders before and after school closure and (2) to examine the association between parental work rearrangement and children's sleep change during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic.Design and MethodsThis was an observational study. The children's sleep habit questionnaire was completed by 103 parents of first‐graders before and after school closure. Paired t‐test and the general linear model were applied to data analysis.ResultsChildren delayed their bedtime and rising time, but total sleep duration increased. Moreover, parents who rearranged their work during the pandemic perceived more child parasomnia symptoms (p = .029) and less delayed sleep‐wake patterns in their children.Practical ImplicationSleep is an indicator that reflects children's behavioral changes in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic. As routine changes, parents should be aware of child's parasomnia symptoms. Nursing interventions could aim at promoting sufficient external cues in the daytime during home confinement.
Multiple introductions, polyploidy and mixed reproductive strategies are linked to genetic diversity and structure in the most widespread invasive plant across Southern Ocean archipelagos
Authors: Mairal Mario , García‐Verdugo Carlos , Le Roux Johannes J. , Chau John H. , van Vuuren Bettine Jansen , Hui Cang , Münzbergová Zuzana , Chown Steven L. , Shaw Justine D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBiological invasions in remote areas that experience low human activity provide unique opportunities to elucidate processes responsible for invasion success. Here we study the most widespread invasive plant species across the isolated islands of the Southern Ocean, the annual bluegrass, Poa annua. To analyse geographical variation in genome size, genetic diversity and reproductive strategies, we sampled all major sub‐Antarctic archipelagos in this region and generated microsatellite data for 470 individual plants representing 31 populations. We also estimated genome sizes for a subset of individuals using flow cytometry. Occasional events of island colonization are expected to result in high genetic structure among islands, overall low genetic diversity and increased self‐fertilization, but we show that this is not the case for P. annua. Microsatellite data indicated low population genetic structure and lack of isolation by distance among the sub‐Antarctic archipelagos we sampled, but high population structure within each archipelago. We identified high levels of genetic diversity, low clonality and low selfing rates in sub‐Antarctic P. annua populations (contrary to rates typical of continental populations). In turn, estimates of selfing declined in populations as genetic diversity increased. Additionally, we found that most P. annua individuals are probably tetraploid and that only slight variation exists in genome size across the Southern Ocean. Our findings suggest multiple independent introductions of P. annua into the sub‐Antarctic, which promoted the establishment of genetically diverse populations. Despite multiple introductions, the adoption of convergent reproductive strategies (outcrossing) happened independently in each major archipelago. The combination of polyploidy and a mixed reproductive strategy probably benefited P. annua in the Southern Ocean by increasing genetic diversity and its ability to cope with the novel environmental conditions.