bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Retrospective Study Assessing the Effect of Infections in Myocardial Infarction Patients: Mortality and Complications
Authors: Khoury Antoine El , Salameh Pascale , Hammoudeh Sarah , Mahmoud Ahmad El , Harb Tonia , Chamoun Nadia , Kalaydjian Aline , Chalhoub Lea , Meouchy Paul El , Chendeb Sara , Nasr Samer 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: There is a well-established relationship between myocardial infarction and infection. Multiple articles describe the increased risk of myocardial infarction, both type 1 and 2, following an infectious process. However few articles have described the relation between concomitant myocardial infarction and infections on same admission mortality and complications. Methods: The aim is to assess the effect of an acquired or concomitant infection on complications and mortality during hospitalized cases of myocardial infarction. 1197 patients of different types of myocardial infarction were studied in correlation to infectious processes. Cultures from different sites were collected and isolation of various bacterial agents were studied. Mortality and various complications were compared between infected and non-infected subjects. Pearson's chi squared test was used to compare percentages (or the Fisher exact test when expected values were lower than 5). Moreover, means were compared through ANOVA, after checking data normality and homoscedasticity. A likelihood ratio backward stepwise method was used to conduct dichotomous logistic regressions, taking dichotomous outcomes as dependent variables, and sociodemographic and biological characteristics as independent variables (potential confounders).Results: Wound, sputum, blood and urine infections were associated with increased same admission mortality and complications. Microorganisms were then studied alone regardless of the site of infection and it was shown that Escherichia Coli, Escherichia Coli ESBL, Candida Albicans, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Staphylococcus of any type were significantly associated with same admission complications when associated with myocardial infarction. Length of stay was significantly elevated in patients with concomitant infection and it increased with the addition of positive cultures from different sites. Conclusion: Concomitant infections with myocardial infarction significantly increase the risk of same admission complications, mortality and length of stay regardless of the site of infection and type of microorganisms.
A Positive Feedback Loop Between Gastric Cancer Cells and Tumor-associated Macrophage Induces Malignancy Progression
Authors: Piao Haiyan , Fu Lingfeng , Liu Yang , Wang Yue , Meng Xiangyu , Yang Dong , Xiao Xiang , Zhang Jun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Hypoxia and inflammation tumor microenvironment (TME) play a crucial role in tumor development and progression. Although increased understanding of TME contributed to gastric cancer (GC) progression and prognosis, the direct interaction between macrophage and GC cells was not fully understood.Methods: Hypoxia and normoxia macrophage microarrays of GEO database was analyzed. The peripheral blood mononuclear cell acquired from the healthy volunteers. The expression of CXCL8 in GC tissues and cell lines was detected by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), western-blot, Elisa and immunofluorescence. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated by cell counting kit 8 (CCK8), colony formation, real-time imaging of cell migration and transwell. Luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation were used to identify the interaction between transcription factor and target gene. Especially, a series of truncated and mutation reporter genes were applied to identify precise binding sites.The corresponding functions were verified in the complementation test and in vivo animal experiment.Results: Our results revealed that Hypoxia triggered macrophage secreted C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8 (CXCL8), which induced GC invasion and proliferation. This macrophage-induced GC progression was CXCL8 activated C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 1/2 (CXCR1/2) on the GC cell membrane subsequently hyperactivated Janus kinase 1/ Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (JAK/STAT1) signaling pathway. Then, the transcription factor STAT1 directly led to the overexpression and secretion of Interleukin 10 (IL-10). Correspondingly, IL-10 induced the M2-type polarization of macrophages through the Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway-dependent mechanism and continued to increase the expression and secretion of CXCL8 through the transcription factor Nuclear Factor Kappa B Subunit 1 (NFKB1, p50). It suggested a positive feedback loop between macrophage and GC. In clinical GC samples, increased CXCL8 predicted a patient's pessimistic outcome.Conclusion: Our work identified a positive feedback loop governing cancer cells and macrophage in GC that contributed to tumor progression and patient outcome.
Decoupling of dust cloud and embedding plasma for high electron depletion in nanodusty plasmas
Authors: Petersen Andreas , Asnaz Oguz , Tadsen Benjamin , Greiner Franko 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In recent years nanoparticles (nps) have become key technological products, e.g. as coatings with tunable optical gap in third generation solar cells, as nanocrystals for photonic applications, and as pharmaceutical nanocarriers. In particle sources, that use reactive, nanodusty plasmas, a high dust density changes the properties of the dusty plasma compared to a dust free plasma considerably, as the electron depletion leads to a reduced number of free electrons. This is called the Havnes effect and was central for the understanding of the famous spokes in Saturns rings. We see here, that it is also important for technological applications. Using self excited dust density waves (DDW) as a diagnostic tool, it is possible for the first time, to completely characterize an argon discharge with embedded amorphous hydrocarbon nps of different size and density. The results show, that electron depletion governs the charge of dust grains, while the size of the particles has only a weak influence. The ion density and electric potential profile are almost independent of both, dust size as well as dust density. This suggests, that the rf generated plasma and the dust cloud coexist and coupling of both is weak.
Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (GSK3β) blocks nucleocapsid phosphorylation and SARS-CoV-2 replication
Authors: Shapira Tirosh , Rens Celine , Pichler Virginia , Rees William , Steiner Theodor , Jean Francois , Winkler Dirk , Sarai Iqbal , Pelech Steven , Av-Gay Yossef 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
GSK3β has been proposed to have an essential role in Coronaviridae infection. Screening of a targeted library of GSK3β inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-229E resulted in identification of high proportion of active compounds with low toxicity to host cells. A select lead compound, T-1686568, showed dose-dependent activity against SARS-CoV-2 transcription, translation and viral particle release in multiple cell lines and primary organoids. A protein kinase substrate profiling assay combined with western blot analysis showed that SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid is phosphorylated by GSK3β on S180/S184, S190/S194 and T198 which have already been primed in the adjacent phospho-sites S188, T198 and S206 respectively. Inhibition by T-1686568 resulted in reduction of the S1 Spike protein levels, an accumulation of the Nucleocapsid (N) protein and maintenance of the non-structural (NSP2) level in infected Huh-7.5.1 cells, indicating that N phosphorylation might serve as a critical precursor for processing and release of mature viruses.
Ventriculostomy-Related Intracranial Hemorrhage Following Surgical and Endovascular Treatment of Ruptured Aneurysms
Authors: Lenschow Moritz , von Spreckelsen Niklas , Telentschak Sergej , Kabbasch Christoph , Goldbrunner Roland , Grau Stefan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction

: Endovascular therapy of ruptured aneurysms is regularly accompanied by periprocedural heparinization and requires the use of periprocedural antiplatelets in more complex cases. This raises concerns regarding increased bleeding risks in the case of frequently required ventriculostomy. The aim of this study was to analyze risk factors for ventriculostomy-related intracranial hemorrhages (VS-ICH) in endovascular or surgical treatment of ruptured aneurysms with a focus on antithrombotic therapy.
Materials and Methods

In this retrospective analysis we included patients admitted to our institution over a 12-year period who had received at least one ventriculostomy due to subarachnoid hemorrhage-related hydrocephalus. Patients were dichotomized into an endovascular and surgical group and rates of VS-ICH were compared. Risk factors for VS-ICH were assessed in uni- and multivariate analyses.
Results

A total of 606 ventriculostomies were performed in 328 patients. Within the endovascular group, antiplatelet therapy was used in 44.8% of cases. The overall rate of ventriculostomy-related intracranial hemorrhage was 13.1%. Endovascular treatment was associated with a higher rate of VS-ICH compared to surgical treatment (p=0.011), but not in cases without antiplatelet therapy (p=0.166). Application of any antiplatelet therapy (odds ratio, 2.647 [95% confidence interval, 1.141-6.143]) and number of ventriculostomies (odds ratio, 2.513 [95% confidence interval, 1.859-3.395]) were independent predictors of ventriculostomy-related hemorrhages.
Discussion

Our findings indicate an increased risk of VS-ICH in the endovascular group if administration of antiplatelets was required. While this aspect has to be included into treatment decision making, it must be weighed against the benefits of endovascular techniques.
Three-dimensional convective dissolution of carbon dioxide into brine
Authors: Fruton Paul , Nauruzbaeva Aziza , Bataller Henri , Giraudet Cédric , Vailati Alberto , Croccolo Fabrizio 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2) through storage into deep saline aquifers represents an indispensable support technology to achieve the zero-carbon target necessary to mitigate the impact of CO2 on climate change. The effectiveness of the sequestration process, partly driven by the convective dissolution of CO2 in brine, is nowadays well characterized for two-dimensional geometries, low permeabilities, and small pressures of injection of CO2. However, reliable predictions of process-efficiency are missing because of the lack of full understanding of the three-dimensional (3D) spatio-temporal behaviour of CO2-rich convective fingers in brine over a large range of injection pressures. Here, we show that the convective dissolution is determined by the instability of the boundary layer formed at the interface between the two phases and is totally independent of the overall vertical size. Experiments were conducted over a broad range of injection pressures, close to process-relevant conditions. The results show the formation of complex 3D structures, including interconnecting stream tubes at the CO2-liquid interface, which could not be detected in previous 2D Hele-Shaw studies, and fingerings. A scale-free theoretical modelling of the convective process allows us to remap our laboratory results to length-scales of relevance for geological reservoirs. The experiments and the model show that the times needed for the onset of convection and the convective flux are independent of the system size.
Experimental study of electromechanical measurement, surface analysis and corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1M HCL by Schiff’s bases (SBs)
Authors: L Bangarappa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Potentiodynamic polarization measurements indicate that SBs acts as mixed type corrosion inhibitors. the morphology of the mild steel surface is investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the surface composition was evaluated using energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) to show the presence of SBs on the mild steel surface in 1M HCL. The present study, three Schiff’s bases (SBs) namely 2 (2-hydroxybenzylideneamino) heptanedioic acids, 2 (4-dimethylamino benzlideamino) heptanedioic acids and 2 (4hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylideneamino) heptanedioic acids were synthesized. Using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and electromechanical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques for corrosion inhibition properties on mild steel in 1M HCL has been investigated. The adsorption of SBs on the mild steel surface contains Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Here kinetic and thermodynamic parameters also determined to describe the mechanism of adsorption in relevance. The main object of this presentation is experimental study of the inhibiting action of synthesized Schiff’s bases of aldehydes containing nitrogen, oxygen and aromatic rings and Glutamic acid.
Comparative Evaluation of Fibrin Gel and Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Stem Cells of the Apical Papilla Fate Using a Dentin-Based Model
Authors: Sarraf Pegah , Moayeri Razieh Sadat , Shokouhinejad Noushin , Khoshkhounejad Mehrfam , Karimi Roya , Ghorbanzadeh Abdollah , Ai Jafar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: PRF as one of the favorable scaffolds in Regenerative Endodontic Treatment (RET), has several limitations such as the need for blood sampling and special equipment. High available commercial scaffolds such as fibrin are able to meet all the necessary requirements of dentin tissue engineering. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of PRF and fibrin gel, with and without the presence of EDTA-treated radicular dentin segments on SCAP viability, proliferation, migration, and differentiation.Methods: Radicular dentin were prepared from extracted teeth and treated by EDTA 17% .The samples were divided into 6 groups: Dentin/PRF/Cell, Dentin/Fibrin/Cell, Dentin/Cell, PRF/Cell, Fibrin/Cell and Cell (Control). SCAP viability was assessed using MTT assay. Gene expression levels of odontogenic markers [Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), Dentin matrix protein 1(DMP1), Collagen type I Alpha 1(COL 1A1) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were assessed using qrt-PCR. Cell migration were also evaluated by means of scratch test. Results: The results of MTT assay at showed that the viability of SCAP significantly increased after 7 days for both groups containing fibrin (P <0.05). The viability of SCAP seeded on Dentin/PRF and PRF significantly decreased after 7 days (P <0.001). The odontogenic markers were significantly expressed for both scaffolds in the presence of dentin segment (p<0.05). Significant decrease in scratch area was seen in Fibrin/Dentin group (p < 0.001)Conclusions:Fibrin beside EDTA-treated dentin showed great ability in survival, proliferation, differentiation, and migration of SCAP rather than PRF.
Construction of a Mutant Bacillus Subtilis Strain for High Purity Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid Production
Authors: He Linlin , Liu Lu , Ban Rui 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose

To construct a Bacillus subtilis strain for improved purity of poly-γ-glutamic acid.
Results

The construction of strain GH16 was achieved by knocking out five extracellular protein genes and an operon from Bacillus subtilis G423. Then we analyzed the protein content in the γ-PGA produced by the resultant strain GH16/pHPG which decreased by 6.08%. Subsequently the fla-che operon, PBSX and the yrpD, ywoF and yclQ genes were knocked out successively and the mutant strain GH17, GH18, and GH19 was obtained. Ultimately, the protein content was reduced by 43.9%. In addition, the polysaccharide content in the γ-PGA was decreased from 2.21–1.93% due to the epsA-O operon was knocked.
Conclusion

γ-PGA has potential applications as a drug carrier, sustained-releasing agent and medical composite in medicine. To our knowledge, this is the first report of engineered Bacillus subtilis strains which can produce γ-PGA with a purity higher than 97%. Our results confirmed that this upstream strategy significantly enhanced specific protein purity by the removal of extracellular protein genes in Bacillus subtilis, and it is promising in other protein purification.
SHIP-1 Regulates the Differentiation and Function of Tregs via Inhibiting mTORC1 Activity
Authors: Du Zuochen , Wang Jinzhi , Yang Di , Sun Xiaoyu , Huang Lu , Tang xinye , Du Xingrong , Shi Hao , Miller Heather , Westerberg Lisa , Akihiko Yoshimura , Liu Chaohong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Cell metabolism is crucial for orchestrating the differentiation and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, the underlying signaling mechanism that coordinates cell metabolism to regulate Treg activity is not completely understood. As a pivotal molecule in lipid metabolism, the role of SHIP-1 has been studied extensively in B cells and CD4 T cells, yet its regulatory role in Tregs remains unknown. In this study, we generated “SHIP-1 KO mice” that have SHIP-1 specifically deleted in regulatory T cells by crossing Foxp3YFP-cre mice with SHIP-1fl/fl mice. Surprisingly, SHIP-1 KO mice had severe autoimmunity with increased Tregs in the thymus and disrupted peripheral T cell homeostasis. Mechanistically, CD4Cre SHIP-1flox/flox mice were found to have increased Treg precursors and SHIP-1 KO Tregs had reduced migration and stability, which caused decreased Tregs in the spleen. Additionally, the suppressive function of Tregs from SHIP-1 KO mice was diminished, along with their promotion of anti-tumor immunity. Interestingly, the PI3K-mTORC1, but not mTORC2, signaling axis was enhanced in SHIP-1 KO Tregs. In vivo treatment of SHIP-1 KO mice with rapamycin rescued the abnormal Treg percentages and peripheral T cell homeostasis, as well as Treg suppressive function. Furthermore, the treatment of wild-type mice with SHIP-1 inhibitor enhanced anti-tumor activity. Our study has revealed a previously unrecognized underlying function of SHIP-1 in Tregs, which highlights the SHIP-1-PI3K-mTORC1 axis that regulates Treg differentiation and function.
The Promoting Effects of Activated Olfactory Ensheathing Cells on Angiogenesis after Spinal Cord Injury Through the PI3K/Akt Pathway
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Jiang Chao , Zhang Yongyuan , Chen Zhe , Fan Hong , Zhang Yuyang , Wang Zhiyuan , Tian Fang , Li Jing , Yang Hao , Hao Dingjun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the pro-angiogenic potential of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) activated by curcumin (CCM) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the possible underlying mechanisms. MethodsVascular endothelial cells or tissues were cultured and treated with conditioned medium (CM) extracted from the activated through the addition of LPS and CCM or unactivated OECs. Concomitantly, the pro-angiogenic potential of OECs was assessed in vitro by aortic ring sprouting assay, endothelial wound healing assay, CCK-8 assay and tube formation assay. Subsequently, the OECs were co-cultured with endothelial cells to evaluate their promoting effect on the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells following undergoing a mechanical scratch. Moreover, the spinal cord injury (SCI) model in rats was established, and the number of endothelial cells and vascular structure in the injured area after SCI was observed with OECs transplantation. Finally, the underlying mechanism was investigated by western blot analysis of phosphorylated kinase expression with or without the MK-2206 (Akt-inhibitor). ResultThe present results showed that the activated OECs can effectively promote the proliferation, migration and vessel-like structure formation of vascular endothelial cells. Strikingly, several pro-angiogenic growth factors such as VEGF-A and PDGF-AA, which facilitate vessel formation, were found to be significantly elevated in CM. In addition, the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway involved in pro-angiogenic event caused by activated OEC CM, displaying higher phosphorylation levels in cells. On contrary, the delivery of MK2206 can effectively abrogate all the positive effects. Conclusions﻿OECs activated by LPS and CCM, have a strong pro-angiogenesis effect, and can effectively promote angiogenesis and improve the injury microenvironment when transplanted in injured spinal cord. This potentiated ability of OECs to pro-angiogenesis is likely mediated through the PI3K/Akt pathway.
Effectiveness of a long-term Tecar Therapy treatment on Knee Pain: building T.T.E.S.S.K., an evaluating scale A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sorrentino Marco , Ferrari Davide , Elena Zais Ilaria 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

T.E.C.a.R (Transfer of Energy Capacitive and Resistive) Therapy (TT) is a form of endogenous thermotherapy based on radio waves 1 . It is a non-invasive procedure, that makes use of a machine able to stimulate heat inside the body to repair the inflammatory processes. Although being well known in the physiotherapy and massage therapy ambient for its benefic effects, which are still not very explored especially physiological and biochemical ones; TT is commonly used by therapists for musculoskeletal diseases. Anyhow, TT is often used as a palliative remedy for musculoskeletal disease, or linked with an ibuprofen or antidolorific medical therapy, and not as a main cure. Current literature still lacks objective ways to evaluate TT treatment. This study aims to create an evaluating Scale for the knee joint lesions treated with TT, for athletes or sports enthusiasts.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were screened to perform an extensive review. PRISMA guidelines were applied, and the risk of bias was assessed, as was the methodological quality of the included studies. 25 articles were reviewed. 178 patients (total amount of clinic cases in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library articles combined) have decreased their pain after a long-term TT treatment (> 3 or 5 sessions).

Results

Knee joint is often affected by non-sportive or sportive musculoskeletal lesions. ((At this point, not only the TT articles were reviewed, but also all the articles (122) that included these key aspects)). Six items were selected to evaluate the efficacy of TT on the impaired joint: Range of Motion (ROM), %MVIC of quadriceps, biceps femoris and gastrocnemius, Cincinnati Rating Scale System (CRSS), NRS Pain Scale, Muscle Fiber Orientation (MFO) and %Trigger Points.

Conclusions

Our study allows to build a new treatment methodology with TT. It guarantees the therapist to structure a long-lasting follow-up, which is not limited to the simple use of the machine. Applying this methodology, the patient receives a treatment that is not limited, but built on his own needs thanks to the distribution of the summing scores, strictly dependent on the type of clinical case that the therapist finds. Thanks to the six items we inserted in T.T.E.S.S.K. (“Tecar Therapy Evaluation Score System of the Knee”), every aspect of a musculotendinous pathology is recognized, and might be treated with TT by therapists.