bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Created era estimation of old Korean documents via deep neural network
Authors: Yoo Inseon , Kim Hyuntai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In general, the created era of a literary work is significant information for understanding the background and the literary interpretation of the work. However, in the case of literary works of old Korea, especially works created in Hangul, there are few works of which the era of creation are known. In this paper, the created era of old Korean documents was estimated based on artificial intelligence. Hangul, a Korean letter system where one syllable is one character, has more than 10,000 combinations of characters, so it is available to predict changes in the structure or grammar of Hangul by analyzing the frequency of characters. Accordingly, a deep neural network model was constructed based on the term frequency of each character in Hangul. Model training was performed based on 496 documents with known publication years, and the mean-absolute-error of the test set for the entire prediction range from 1447 to 1934 was 13.77 years for test sets and 15.8 years for validation sets, which is less than an error ratio of 3.25% compared to the total year range. In addition, the predicted results of works from which only the approximate creation time was inferred were also within the range, and the predicted creation years for other divisions of the identical novel were similar. These results show that the deep neural network model based on character term frequency predicted the creation era of old Korean documents properly. This study is expected to support the literary history of Korea within the period from 15C to 19C by predicting the period of creation or enjoyment of the work. In addition, the method and algorithm using syllable term frequency are believed to have the potential to apply in other language documents.
Broadband continuous supersymmetric transformation: a new paradigm for transformation optics
Authors: Yim Jieun , Chandra Nitish , Feng Xilin , Gao Zihe , Wu Shuang , Wu Tianwei , Zhao Haoqi , Litchinitser Natalia M. , Feng Liang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTransformation optics has formulated a versatile framework to mold the flow of light and tailor its spatial characteristics at will. Despite its huge success in bringing scientific fiction (such as invisibility cloaking) into reality, the coordinate transformation often yields extreme material parameters unfeasible even with metamaterials. Here, we demonstrate a new transformation paradigm based upon the invariance of the eigenspectra of the Hamiltonian of a physical system, enabled by supersymmetry. By creating a gradient-index metamaterial to control the local index variation in a family of isospectral optical potentials, we demonstrate broadband continuous supersymmetric transformation in optics, on a silicon chip, to simultaneously transform the transverse spatial characteristics of multiple optical states for arbitrary steering and switching of light flows. Through a novel synergy of symmetry physics and metamaterials, our work provides an adaptable strategy to conveniently tame the flow of light with full exploitation of its spatial degree of freedom.
Pore structure and fractal characteristics of marine-continental transitional shales in the southern North China Basin
Authors: Han Shuangbiao , Huang Jie , Xiang Chaohan , Xie Linfeng , Tang Zhiyuan , Chen Chang , Zhang Jinchuan 
Published: September 2022

Research on marine-continental transitional shale in China is significant because this type of shale contains rich gas resources. The shale pore development, which is the key factor in determining the reservoir gas-bearing capacity, is complex. The organic matter (OM) content of the Shanxi and Taiyuan Formations shale in the southern North China Basin is medium to high, the mineral composition differs from that of other transitional shales, and the quartz content is higher than the clay content. The OM content and mineral composition exhibit a strong longitudinal heterogeneity. The pore types are mainly inorganic pores, and OM pores are less developed. The pore morphology is mainly parallel plate-like fissure pores, and there are a few ink-bottle-like pores composed of micro- and macropores. The specific surface area and total pore volume (TPV) of mesoporous-macropores are mainly controlled by mesoporous. The micropore volume is mainly controlled by micropores with sizes below 1.2 nm. Pore structure parameters and fractal dimension find that Shanxi and Taiyuan Formations shale has complex pore structure and rough pore surface. The fractal dimension D2 more accurately characterizes the roughness of the micropore surface. Compared with other shales, the micropore surface roughness of Shanxi and Taiyuan Formations shale is lower. The fractal dimensions and TPV do not correlate. The pore morphology and mineral characteristics of Shanxi and Taiyuan Formations shale leads to relatively low gas adsorption capacity and strong gas storage capacity, and is favorable for oil and gas migration. Due to the effects of compaction, macropores formed by quartz break and are filled with clay, resulting in a low daily gas production of the transitional shale in well MY1 after fracturing. The results provide references for the optimization of favorable reservoirs and the prediction of enrichment areas during transitional shale gas exploration.
Busulfan Plus Cyclophosphamide Versus Total Body Irradiation Plus Cyclophosphamide for Adults Acute B Lymphoblastic Leukemia: An Open-Label, Multicenter, Phase III Trial
Authors: Zhang Haiyan , Fan Zhiping , Huang Fen , Han Lijie , Xu Yajing , Xu Na , Deng Lan , Wang Shunqing , Lin Dongjun , Luo Xiaodan , Zhang Qing , Liu Xiaodan , Li Xudong , Liang Xinquan , Xie Shuangfeng , Qu Hong , Yu Sijian , Zhou Hongsheng , Shi Pengcheng , Xuan Li , Lin Ren , Liu Hui , Jin Hua , Sun Jing , Liu Qifa 
Published: September 2022

PURPOSEIt remains controversial whether busulfan-based versus total body irradiation (TBI)–based regimens have comparable outcomes in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). We investigated the efficacy and toxicity of busulfan plus cyclophosphamide (BuCy) and TBI plus cyclophosphamide (TBI-Cy) conditioning in allo-HSCT for adult standard-risk B-cell-ALL in first complete remission (CR1).PATIENTS AND METHODSWe performed an open-label, randomized phase III trial at 13 hospitals in China. Eligible patients (age 14-65 years) had standard-risk ALL in CR1. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to BuCy (0.8 mg/kg four times per day on days –7 to –4 and cyclophosphamide 60 mg/kg once daily on days –3 to –2) or TBI-Cy (4.5 Gy TBI on days –5 to –4 and cyclophosphamide 60 mg/kg once daily on days –3 to –2). The primary end point was 2-year overall survival. Analysis was per protocol. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT02670252 ) and is complete.RESULTSBetween January 2016 and February 2020, 275 patients were assigned to receive BuCy (273 assessed) and 275 to TBI-Cy (272 assessed). The 2-year overall survival was 76.6% (95% CI, 71.7 to 81.8) and 79.4% (74.7 to 84.4; P = .457; difference 2.9%; 95% CI, –4.1 to 9.8; P = .022), indicating noninferiority of BuCy. The 2-year relapse was 20.2% (95% CI, 15.6 to 25.1) and 18.4% (14.0 to 23.2; P = .616), and the nonrelapse mortality was 11.0% (95% CI, 7.6 to 15.0) and 11.0% (7.7 to 15.1; P = .988) in the BuCy and TBI-Cy groups, respectively. There were no differences in regimen-related toxicity, graft-versus-host disease, or late effects between the two groups.CONCLUSIONThe BuCy regimen has noninferior efficiency and safety as TBI-Cy (4.5 Gy × 2) for patients with adult standard-risk B cell-ALL in CR1 undergoing HLA-matched allo-HSCT.
Quantum search on noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices
Authors: Zhang K. , Yu K. , Korepin V. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Quantum search algorithm (also known as Grover's algorithm) lays the foundation for many other quantum algorithms. Although it is very simple, its implementation is limited on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) processors. Grover's algorithm was designed without considering the physical resources, such as depth, in the real implementations. Therefore, Grover's algorithm can be improved for NISQ devices. In this paper, we demonstrate how to implement quantum search algorithms better on NISQ devices. We present detailed benchmarks of the five-qubit quantum search algorithm on different quantum processors, including IBMQ, IonQ, and Honeywell quantum devices. We report the highest success probability of the five-qubit search algorithm compared to previous works. Our results show that designing the error-aware quantum search algorithms is possible, which can maximally harness the power of NISQ computers.
Subcritical jump probability and anomalous order parameter autocorrelations
Authors: Diakonos F. K. , Contoyiannis Y. F. , Potirakis S. M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study the magnetization dynamics in finite 2D and 3D Ising lattices of size N for temperatures T just below the pseudo-critical temperature T

pc
(N) when the free energy, as a function of the mean magnetization M, possesses doubly degenerate minima at

. We calculate the jump probability P

LR
between the microstate-subspaces with M < 0 (L) and M > 0 (R). We find a universal law for the decay of P

LR
as a function of

. We show that for a given simulation time

there is a temperature

below which the mean number of jumps becomes less than

. Below

the two microstate-subspaces become practically disconnected. We observe an anomalous enhancement of the magnetization autocorrelations for T approaching

which can be explained as a transition from type I (at

) to on-off (at

) intermittency in the magnetization effective dynamics. Possible phenomenological implications of this behaviour are briefly discussed.
Twin Study: Genetic and Epigenetic Factors Affecting Circulating Adiponectin Levels
Authors: Hasegawa Mika , Taniguchi Jumpei , Ueda Hiromichi , Watanabe Mikio 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Context
Clarification of the association among phenotypes, genetic, and environmental factors with clinical laboratory traits can reveal the cause of diseases and assist in developing methods for the prediction and prevention of diseases. It is difficult to investigate the environmental effect on phenotypes using individual samples because their genetic and environmental factors differ, but we can easily investigate the influence of environmental factors using monozygotic (MZ) twins because they have the same genetic factors.

Objective
We aimed to examine the methylation level of CpG sites as an environmental factor affecting adiponectin levels on the basis of the same genetic background using MZ twins and to identify the epigenetic factors related to adiponectin levels and the genetic factors associated with sensitivity to acquired changes in adiponectin.

Methods
Using 2 groups built from each twin of 232 MZ twin pairs, we performed a replicated epigenome-wide association study to clarify the epigenetic factors affecting adiponectin levels adjusted by genetic risk score. Moreover, we divided twin pairs into concordant and discordant for adiponectin levels. We conducted a genome-wide association study to identify a genetic background specific for discordance.

Results
Methylation levels at 38 CpG sites were reproducibly associated with adjusted adiponectin levels, and some of these CpG sites were in genes related to adiponectin, including CDH13. Some genes related to adiponectin or insulin resistance were found to be genetic factors specific for discordance.

Conclusion
We clarified specific epigenetic factors affecting adiponectin levels and genetic factors associated with sensitivity to acquired changes in adiponectin.
Listen O King
Authors: Marrewa-Karwoski Christine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Scholars of the Hindavi Nath sampraday have placed particular importance on the two largest and most comprehensive works attributed to Guru Gorakhnath: the Sabadi and the Pada. Engaging with Allison Busch's research, this essay investigates the significance of the lesser-known texts of the Gorakhbani, often called granths, and examines how they were composed to address specific audiences and topics. In particular, Marrewa-Karwoski considers the Narvai Bodh (Instructions to the King) and explore how the Nath sampraday negotiates power and sovereignty in a text that specifically addresses ruling elites.
Remembering and Removing Aurangzeb
Authors: Pillai Sohini Sarah 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Inspired by Allison Busch's pioneering scholarship on Bhasha (Old Hindi) literature associated with the Mughal court, this article explores the manuscript history of a seventeenth-century Bhasha text that repeatedly praises the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb (r. 1658–1707). Sabalsingh Chauhan's seventeenth-century Mahabharat is a bhakti (devotional) retelling of the Mahabharata epic. In the prologue of the sixteenth book of his Mahabharat, Chauhan describes himself performing his poem in Delhi before Aurangzeb and a king named Mitrasen. He also praises Mitrasen in the prologue of the seventh book and extolls Aurangzeb in the prologues of the sixth, eighth, ninth, and seventeenth books. While these five separate references to Aurangzeb are found in the majority of the manuscripts of the Bhasha Mahabharat, these allusions to the Mughal emperor are noticeably absent in three manuscripts from 1758, 1836, and 1845. This article examines how the specific political, temporal, and geographical contexts in which each of these three manuscripts were produced could have resulted in their copyists excising Aurangzeb. This piece also builds on recent studies by Busch and other scholars that have begun to seriously complicate modern perceptions of Aurangzeb as a violent Muslim tyrant who persecuted Hindus.
Searching for Nyabongo
Authors: Monroe Caitlin C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article explores the unconventional life of Ugandan Akiki Nyabongo, an “intellectual misfit” whose career and legacy reveal some of the limitations of global intellectual history. Nyabongo led a remarkably global life: he lived and worked with George Padmore, collaborated with W. E. B. Du Bois, and introduced civil rights activist Eslanda Goode Robeson to Uganda during her trip to the African continent in 1936. He conducted research for his doctorate degree at Oxford University, and he pursued additional projects in the Brooklyn Botanical Gardens and numerous universities across the United States. Thus far, though, Nyabongo has remained at the margins of stories about pan-Africanism, Black internationalism, or African anti-colonialism. This article argues that conventional global frameworks—often determined by scholarly priorities and interests that originated outside the African continent—have confined Nyabongo's relevance and importance. This scholarly and international invisibility is worth correcting, in part because he remains an important figure in western Uganda. And, his importance there reveals the limitations of conventional scholarly categories and sheds light on how western Ugandans, using oral traditions and long-standing idioms of power and prestige, understood global mobility and international importance in the midst of an increasingly globally connected world.
Bound to Violence
Authors: Chigumadzi Panashe , Coovadia Imraan , Davari Arash , Kona Bongani , Zeleke Elleni Centime 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This dialogue, recorded in 2021, explores the sound and feel of South-South political theory from the perspective of Southern Africa. The interlocutors discuss the question of violence and nonviolence in revolutionary change across generational divides. It centers the enduring place of spirit and ancestral voices in South Africa and Zimbabwe.
Reflections on Reconciliation and Revolution
Authors: Osanloo Arzoo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The essay reflects on the politics and politicization of pardons in post-conflict, post-revolutionary contexts. Drawing from immediate post-revolutionary moments in 1979 Iran and 2021 Afghanistan, Osanloo explores how pardons can be mobilized both to assert and legitimize power. As the same time, in a post-conflict setting, pardons can provide some recourse to justice for parties that have experienced loss and offer a possible path to broad societal reconciliation. The use of pardons, even in post-conflict dispute resolutions, however, may highlight power imbalances. In such contexts, the refusal to request a pardon by seemingly weaker parties may itself be a show of force, a righteous resolve to resist power and refuse legitimation.
Interictal Connectivity Revealed by Granger Analysis of Stereoelectroencephalography: Association With Ictal Onset Zone, Resection, and Outcome
Authors: Stone Scellig S. D. , Park Eun-Hyoung , Bolton Jeffrey , Harini Chellamani , Libenson Mark H. , Rotenberg Alexander , Takeoka Masanori , Tsuboyama Melissa , Pearl Phillip L. , Madsen Joseph R. 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:
Stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG) facilitates electrical sampling and evaluation of complex deep-seated, dispersed, and multifocal locations. Granger causality (GC), previously used to study seizure networks using interictal data from subdural grids, may help identify the seizure-onset zone from interictal sEEG recordings.

OBJECTIVE:
To examine whether statistical analysis of interictal sEEG helps identify surgical target sites and whether surgical resection of highly ranked nodes correspond to favorable outcomes.

METHODS:
Ten minutes of extraoperative recordings from sequential patients who underwent sEEG evaluation were analyzed (n = 20). GC maps were compared with clinically defined surgical targets using rank order statistics. Outcomes of patients with focal resection/ablation with median follow-up of 3.6 years were classified as favorable (Engel 1, 2) or poor (Engel 3, 4) to assess their relationship with the removal of highly ranked nodes using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.

RESULTS:
In 12 of 20 cases, the rankings of contacts (based on the sum of outward connection weights) mapped to the seizure-onset zone showed higher causal node connectivity than predicted by chance (P ≤ .02). A very low aggregate probability (P < 10−18, n = 20) suggests that causal node connectivity predicts seizure networks. In 8 of 16 with outcome data, causal connectivity in the resection was significantly greater than in the remaining contacts (P ≤ .05). We found a significant association between favorable outcome and the presence of highly ranked nodes in the resection (P < .05).

CONCLUSION:
Granger analysis can identify seizure foci from interictal sEEG and correlates highly ranked nodes with favorable outcome, potentially informing surgical decision-making without reliance on ictal recordings.
Risk Factors for Fracture Nonunion and Transverse Atlantal Ligament Injury After Isolated Atlas Fractures: A Case Series of 97 Patients
Authors: Cloney Michael Brendan , Kim Hyun Su , Dahdaleh Nader S. 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:
The management of atlas fractures is controversial and hinges on the integrity of transverse atlantal ligament (TAL).

OBJECTIVE:
To identify risk factors for atlas fracture nonunion, with and without TAL injury.

METHODS:
All isolated, traumatic atlas fractures treated at our institution between 1999 and 2016 were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify variables associated with TAL injury confirmed on MRI, occult TAL injury seen on MRI but not suspected on computed tomography (CT), and with fracture nonunion on follow-up CT at 12 weeks.

RESULTS:
Lateral mass displacement (LMD) ≥ 7 mm had a 48.2% sensitivity, 98.3% specificity, and 82.6% accuracy for identifying TAL injury. MRI-confirmed TAL injury was independently associated with LMD > 7 mm (P = .004) and atlanto-dental interval (P = .039), and occult TAL injury was associated with atlanto-dental interval (P = .019). Halo immobilization was associated with having a Gehweiler type 3 fracture (P = .020), a high-risk injury mechanism (P = .023), and an 18.1% complication rate. Thirteen patients with TAL injury on MRI and/or LMD ≥ 7 mm were treated with a cervical collar only, and 11 patients (84.6%) healed at 12 weeks. Nonunion rates at 12 weeks were equivalent between halo (11.1%) and cervical collar (12.5%). Only age independently predicted nonunion at 12 weeks (P = .026).

CONCLUSION:
LMD > 7 mm on CT is not sensitive for TAL injury. Some atlas fractures with TAL injury can be managed with a cervical collar. Nonunion rates are not different between halo immobilization and cervical collar, but a strong selection bias precludes directly comparing the efficacy of these modalities. Age independently predicts nonunion.
Hemocytes are essential for Drosophila melanogaster post-embryonic development, independent of control of the microbiota
Authors: Stephenson Holly N. , Streeck Robert , Grüblinger Florian , Goosmann Christian , Herzig Alf 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Proven roles for hemocytes (blood cells) have expanded beyond the control of infections in Drosophila. Despite this, the crucial role of hemocytes in post-embryonic development has long thought to be limited to control of microorganisms during metamorphosis. This has previously been shown by rescue of adult development in hemocyte-ablation models under germ-free conditions. Here, we show that hemocytes have an essential role in post-embryonic development beyond their ability to control the microbiota. Using a newly generated strong hemocyte-specific driver line for the GAL4/UAS system, we show that specific ablation of hemocytes is early pupal lethal, even under axenic conditions. Genetic rescue experiments prove that this is a hemocyte-specific phenomenon. RNA-seq data suggests that dysregulation of the midgut is a prominent consequence of hemocyte ablation in larval stages, resulting in reduced gut lengths. Dissection suggests that multiple processes may be affected during metamorphosis. We believe this previously unreported role for hemocytes during metamorphosis is a major finding for the field.
The actin cytoskeleton-MRTF/SRF cascade transduces cellular physical niche cues to entrain the circadian clock
Authors: Xiong Xuekai , Li Weini , Nam Jin , Qu Meng , Kay Steve A. , Ma Ke 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
The circadian clock is entrained to daily environmental cues. Integrin-linked signaling via actin cytoskeleton dynamics transduces physical niche cues from the extracellular matrix to myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF)/serum response factor (SRF)-mediated transcription. The actin cytoskeleton organization and SRF-MRTF activity display diurnal oscillations. By interrogating disparate upstream events in the actin cytoskeleton-MRTF-A/SRF signaling cascade, we show that this pathway transduces extracellular niche cues to modulate circadian clock function. Pharmacological inhibition of MRTF-A/SRF by disrupting actin polymerization or blocking the ROCK kinase induced period lengthening with augmented clock amplitude, and genetic loss of function of Srf or Mrtfa mimicked the effects of treatment with actin-depolymerizing agents. In contrast, actin polymerization shortened circadian clock period and attenuated clock amplitude. Moreover, interfering with the cell–matrix interaction through blockade of integrin, inhibition of focal adhesion kinase (FAK, encoded by Ptk2) or attenuating matrix rigidity reduced the period length while enhancing amplitude. Mechanistically, we identified that the core clock repressors Per2, Nr1d1 and Nfil3 are direct transcriptional targets of MRTF-A/SRF in mediating actin dynamics-induced clock response. Collectively, our findings defined an integrin-actin cytoskeleton-MRTF/SRF pathway in linking clock entrainment with extracellular cues that might facilitate cellular adaptation to the physical niche environment.