bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biosorption of acid brown 14 dye to mandarin-CO-TETA derived from mandarin peels
Authors: Eldeeb Tarek M. , Aigbe Uyiosa O. , Ukhurebor Kingsley E. , Onyancha Robert B. , El-Nemr Mohamed A. , Hassaan Mohamed A. , Osibote Otolorin A. , Ragab Safaa , Okundaye Benedict , Balogun Vincent A. , El Nemr Ahmed 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSeveral agronomic waste-materials are presently being widely used as bio-adsorbents for the treatment of toxic wastes such as dyes and heavy metals from industrial activities, which has resulted in critical global environmental issues. Therefore, there is a need to continue searching for more effective means of mitigating these industrial effluents. Synthetic aromatic dyes such as Acid Brown (AB14) dye are one such industrial effluent that is causing a serious global issue owing to the huge amount of these unsafe effluents released into the ecosystem daily as contaminants. Consequently, their confiscation from the environment is critical. Hence, in this study, Mandarin-CO-TETA (MCT) derived from mandarin peels was utilized for the removal of AB14 dyes. The synthesized biosorbent was subsequently characterized employing FTIR, TGA, BET, and SEM coupled with an EDX. The biosorption of this dye was observed to be pH-dependent, with the optimum removal of this dye being noticed at pH 1.5 and was ascribed to the electrostatic interaction between the positively charged sites on the biosorbent and the anionic AB14 dye. The biosorption process of AB14 dye was ideally described by employing the pseudo-second-order (PSO) and the Langmuir (LNR) models. The ideal biosorption capacity was calculated to be 416.67 mg/g and the biosorption process was indicative of monolayer sorption of AB14 dye to MCT biosorbent. Thus, the studied biosorbent can be employed as a low-cost activated biomass-based biosorbent for the treatment of AB14 dyes from industrial activities before they are further released into the environment, thus mitigating environmental contamination.
How companies improve critical raw material circularity: 5 use cases
Authors: Hool Alessandra , Schrijvers Dieuwertje , van Nielen Sander , Clifton Andrew , Ganzeboom Sophia , Hagelueken Christian , Harada Yasushi , Kim Hendy , Y. Ku Anthony , Meese-Marktscheffel Juliane , Nemoto Takeshi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis report showcases five examples of industries applying circular strategies for CRMs: (1) recycling of tungsten carbide scrap by H.C. Starck Tungsten, (2) recycling of battery cathode materials by SungEel Hitech, (3) recovery of rare earth elements from hard disk drives by Hitachi Group, (4) closed rhenium loops by Rolls-Royce, and (5) recovery of platinum group metals by Umicore. The adaptation of business models appears to be one of the biggest enablers of raw material circularity. Ideally, all involved stakeholders (including the manufacturers, the users, and the recyclers) have a common interest in, and are incentivized by retaining the material’s value, which stimulates transparent material flows and close cooperation. This is enabled by retained ownership and with long-term, well-defined relationships between the value chain actors. Such relationships can be enhanced by vertical integration, or by long-term contractual agreements. The benefits of implementing circularity provide a mandate for governmental intervention in stimulating circularity strategies, for example via regulations and subsidies, to overcome initial investment thresholds.
Comparison of Deep Space Navigation Using Optical Imaging, Pulsar Time-of-Arrival Tracking, and/or Radiometric Tracking
Authors: Ely Todd , Bhaskaran Shyam , Bradley Nicholas , Lazio T. Joseph W. , Martin-Mur Tomas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRecent advances with space navigation technologies developed by NASA in space-based atomic clocks and pulsar X-ray navigation, combined with past successes in autonomous navigation using optical imaging, brings to the forefront the need to compare space navigation using optical, radiometric, and pulsar-based measurements using a common set of assumptions and techniques. This review article examines these navigation data types in two different ways. First, a simplified deep space orbit determination problem is posed that captures key features of the dynamics and geometry, and then each data type is characterized for its ability to solve for the orbit. The data types are compared and contrasted using a semi-analytical approach with geometric dilution of precision techniques. The results provide useful parametric insights into the strengths of each data type. In the second part of the paper, a high-fidelity, Monte Carlo simulation of a Mars cruise, approach, and entry navigation problem is studied. The results found complement the semi-analytic results in the first part, and illustrate specific issues such as each data type’s quantitative impact on solution accuracy and their ability to support autonomous delivery to a planet.
Diagnostic dilemma between angular and interstitial ectopic pregnancy: 3D ultrasound features
Authors: Durand Y. G. , Capoccia-Brugger R. , Vial Y. , Balaya V. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAngular pregnancy is a rare entity which is commonly confused with interstitial or cornual pregnancies. A lack of consensus about the specific ultrasound features of these 3 entities leads to inappropriate interchange between them among the literature. An angular pregnancy should be considered as a potentially viable intra-uterine eccentric pregnancy as it might be carried to term and result in a live-born baby whereas interstitial or cornual pregnancies should be considered as ectopic pregnancies which should be interrupted. We report here two cases of women at 8 weeks of pregnancy with an angular pregnancy diagnosed by vaginal 2D and 3D ultrasound and discuss about specific ultrasound features and alternative imaging modalities to distinguish it from interstitial and cornual pregnancies.
Altering Appearance of Fetal Enteric Duplication Cysts: The Gut Signature Sign and Other Indications for Prenatal Diagnosis
Authors: Tsurane Kotoi , Ozawa Katsusuke , Matsuda Minako , Kuriyama Mayu , Honda Izumi , Shimojima Naoki , Matsuoka Kentaro , Miyasaka Naoyuki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGatrointestinal duplication cysts are congenital anomalies that can be associated with severe adverse outcomes, such as hemorrhage, intestinal obstruction, or intestinal torsion. Despite their substantial postnatal impact, antenatal scans have been reported to identify only 20–30% of such cases. Although the gut signature sign is considered to be relatively specific in the diagnosis of enteric duplication cysts, the classic five-layered appearance is not always easy to demonstrate in the prenatal setting. We present a case of a fetal enteric duplication cysts that presented as a migrating, peristaltic cyst prenatally with the positive ‘bilayer sign.’ Given the challenging circumstances for diagnosis, we also provide a few insights on the altering appearance of the gut signature sign and describe other practical ultrasonic features used to diagnose enteric duplication cysts.
Re-situations of scientific knowledge: a case study of a skirmish over clusters vs clines in human population genomics
Authors: Griesemer James , Barragán Carlos Andrés 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe track and analyze the re-situation of scientific knowledge in the field of human population genomics ancestry studies. We understand re-situation as a process of accommodating the direct or indirect transfer of objects of knowledge from one site/situation to (one or many) other sites/situations. Our take on the concept borrows from Mary S. Morgan’s work on facts traveling while expanding it to include other objects of knowledge such as models, data, software, findings, and visualizations. We structure a specific case study by tracking the re-situation of these objects between three research projects studying human population diversity reported in three articles inScience,Genome ResearchandPLoS Geneticsbetween 2002 and 2005. We characterize these three engagements as a unit of analysis, a “skirmish,” in order to compare: (a) the divergence of interests in how life-scientists answer similar research questions and (b) to track the challenging transformation of workflows in research laboratories as these scientific objects are re-situated individually or in bundles. Our analysis of the case study shows that an accurate understanding of re-situation requires tracking the whole bundle of objects in a project because they interact in particular key ways. The absence or dismissal of these interactions opens the door to unforeseen trade-offs, misunderstandings and misrepresentations about research design(s) and workflow(s) and what these say about the questions asked and the findings produced.
Das punktgenaue Ende der Moderne oder: 1977 als Übergang zur Gegenwart
Authors: Dipper Christof 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Essay bespricht Philipp Sarasins höchst eindrucksvolles Buch über den Beginn der Postmoderne und diskutiert die Tragfähigkeit seines Konzepts. Er hebt die bemerkenswerte schriftstellerische Leistung, die ungewöhnliche Breite der behandelten Gebiete und die stupende Literaturkenntnis des Verfassers hervor. Kritisch gesehen wird die weitgehende Beschränkung auf Diskurse zu Lasten ihrer gesellschaftlichen Gestaltungskraft und der Verzicht auf Werturteile (womit sich der Rezensent natürlich angreifbar macht, denn er hat ja auf Seite 235 gelesen, dass in der Postmoderne Schuldsprüche unmöglich geworden sind – eigentlich).
Ruminant keeping around mangrove forests in Benin (West Africa): herders’ perceptions of threats and opportunities for conservation of mangroves
Authors: Ahouangan Bidossessi Syntiche Chiméi Mérimée , Koura Bossima Ivan , Sèwadé Clément , Toyi Mireille Scholastique , Lesse Armel Dodji Paolo , Houinato Marcel Romuald Benjamin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the Republic of Benin, mangroves are an essential resource for the coastal populations who use them for firewood, salt production, and ruminant feeding. However, little information exists on livestock keepers’ particular threats to mangroves. This study aims to understand the use of mangrove species by ruminant keepers to identify sustainable actions for mangroves conservation in the coastal area of Benin. Ethno-botanical and socio-economical surveys were conducted on ninety (90) ruminant farmers in fifteen (15) villages close to mangroves along the coastal belt using a semi-structured questionnaire. The herders provide their animals with different mangrove plant species for feeding and health care. Rhizophora racemosa, Avicennia africana, Paspalum vaginatum, Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides and Blutaparon vermiculare were the primary species used for ruminants. Local communities of herders were aware of the need to restore and ensure the sustainable use of mangrove ecosystems. The main restoration and conservation strategy suggested was planting the true mangroves plant species. Others strategies were rational use of mangroves resources and avoiding burning mangroves. These strategies varied with the ethnical group of the herder and the mangrove status (degraded or restoring) in their location. The study also revealed the willingness of ruminant breeders to participate in actions to conserve mangroves. This participation in mangrove restoration was influenced by the ethnical group and age of the herder. Therefore, it is important to involve more ruminant farmers in activities and projects for mangroves restoration. Further study could evaluate whether grazing could enhance the other ecosystem services of mangroves.
GLOBAL OCEAN RADIOCARBON PROGRAMS
Authors: McNichol Ann P , Key Robert M , Guilderson Thomas P 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTThe importance of studying the radiocarbon content of dissolved inorganic carbon (DI14C) in the oceans has been recognized for decades. Starting with the GEOSECS program in the 1970s, 14C sampling has been a part of most global survey programs. Early results were used to study air-sea gas exchange while the more recent results are critical for helping calibrate ocean general circulation models used to study the effects of climate change. Here we summarize the major programs and discuss some of the important insights the results are starting to provide.
Toward Early Modern Archivality: The Perils of History in the Age of Neo-Eurocentrism
Authors: Burak Guy , Rothman E. Natalie , Ferguson Heather 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis essay addresses the revival of culturalist assumptions in historical archival studies and suggests an alternative framework. Rather than provenance, it privileges textual circulation; rather than civilizational divides between supposedly distinct “European” and “Islamic” archivalities, it highlights mutability and commensurability as defining elements of a broadly shared, if inherently dynamic, internally complex, and transactionally defined early modern archivality. We first show how the historiography on early modern archives has inadvertently perpetuated a myopic Eurocentric view of the centralized archive as a key aspect of European archivality. We analyze how the construct “Islamic archivality,” when proffered as a comparative counterpoint to such European archivality, not only promotes an outdated understanding of “Islam” (and, indeed “Europe”) as a discrete, transhistorical phenomenon, but rests on a limited set of mostly pre-Ottoman, medieval examples. By positing “Islam” as fundamentally premodern, this historiography sidesteps significant shared late antique genealogies of textual practices and mobilities across a vast early modern region that traverses modern continental/civilizational configurations. In lieu of the prevalent comparative mode, which juxtaposes civilizational blocs and then selectively contrasts specific archival institutions and practices, we suggest concentrating on intersections and circulations of documents and practices across ethnolinguistic, territorial, and juridical boundaries. Drawing on examples from our research in Ottoman diplomatic archives, we challenge scholars of early modern archivality to move beyond fixed notions of “European,” and “non-European,” “centralized” and “decentralized” archives, and “original” and “copy,” as primary indices of comparison, and attend to the social life of documents and their mutability through circulation.
ASYMMETRIC JURISDICTION CLAUSES AND THE ANOMALY CREATED BY ARTICLE 31(2) OF THE BRUSSELS I RECAST REGULATION
Authors: Marshall Brooke 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe English Court of Appeal and GermanBundesgerichtshofrecently decided that Article 31(2) of the Brussels I Recast Regulation applies to asymmetric jurisdiction clauses. This article contends that while this conclusion is sound, separating the ‘clause’ into two ‘agreements’ to reach it is not. This disaggregation prevents a solution to the anomaly that Article 31(2) creates for asymmetric clauses, where a lender sues under its option and the borrower subsequently sues in the anchor court. This article proposes a solution, based on a uniform characterisation of the clause as a whole, which protects the lender's option and mitigates the risk of parallel proceedings.
Penalizing Atrocities
Authors: Kydd Andrew H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Syrian Civil War that began in 2011 killed more than 400,000 civilians. Could a limited intervention motivated by humanitarian concerns have reduced the death toll at an acceptable cost to the intervenors? I distinguish between two approaches to intervention:penalizing atrocities, by raising the cost and lowering the benefit of killing civilians; andfostering a balance of power, to convince the two sides that they cannot win on the battlefield and so must negotiate an end to the war. I show, using a game-theoretic model, that fostering a balance of power causes the government to commit more atrocities and prolongs the war. Penalizing atrocities, while it increases the likelihood of war, can reduce the expected level of atrocities. The model helps account for the failure of US efforts to promote negotiations by aiding Syrian rebels, and the success of efforts to deter Syrian chemical weapons use through threats and limited strikes.
The role of precedent in the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice: A constructive interpretation
Authors: Devaney James Gerard 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn cases that come before the International Court of Justice (‘the ICJ’, or ‘the Court’), its own jurisprudence looms large. This is despite the fact that no rule of stare decisis operates before the ICJ. The juxtaposition of the facts expressed in these two statements has generated significant doctrinal and theoretical debate. In this article I propose a novel theoretical framework for understanding the role that precedent has traditionally played in proceedings before the Court, and that which it should play in the future.This theoretical framework rests upon a constructive interpretation of the doctrine of stare decisis. I examine the historical institutional practice of the Court in order to determine the range of possible versions of the doctrine which, in Dworkin’s words, ‘fit’ this practice. Noting that there is more than one potential version of stare decisis which fits the Court’s practice, I next consider which is justified as the version which best reflects the value of this doctrine. Having shown that the value that stare decisis strives to achieve is contextual justice, I argue that only a weak version of horizontal stare decisis can justify this doctrine. My ultimate claim is that the Court’s principal concern when considering whether to follow or depart from its own jurisprudence should be that of achieving justice in the context of that particular case, and not merely ensuring consistency, predictability or efficiency.
Never Just Save the Few
Authors: Sung Leora Urim 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMost people have the intuition that, when we can save the lives of either a few people in one group or many people in another group, and all other things are equal, we ought to save the group with the most people. However, several philosophers have argued against this intuition, most famously John Taurek, in his article ‘Should the Numbers Count?’ They argue that there is no moral obligation to save the greater number, and that we are permitted to save either the many or the few. I argue in this article that, even if we are almost completely persuaded by these ‘numbers sceptics’, we ought not to just save the few. If the choice is simply between saving the many or the few, we ought to save the many.
Roadmap for large-scale implementation of point-of-care testing in primary care in Central and Eastern European countries: the Hungarian experience
Authors: Dózsa Csaba , Horváth Krisztián , Cserni István , Cseh Borbála 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of this study is to give a broad overview of the international best practices regarding the implementation of point-of-care testing (POCT) in primary care (PC) setting and to highlight the facilitators and barriers for widespread national uptake. The study focuses on the managerial and organizational side of POCT, offering a roadmap for implementation as well as highlighting the most important requirements needed to unlock the clinical and economical potential of POCT in the Hungarian healthcare system.

Methods:
We conducted an English language scoping literature review between January 2012 and June 2021 to assess the recent trends of POCT implementation in developed countries. Our research focuses on the recent publications of several European and Anglo-Saxon countries where POCT utilization is common. In parallel, we reviewed the Hungarian regulatory framework, ongoing governmental legislation, and strategies influencing the POCT dissemination in the Hungarian PC sector.

Results:
Among the possible POCT usage in PC, we identified several clinically relevant devices and tests (C-reactive protein, urine, blood glucose, D-dimer, prothrombin time) important in screening and early detection of morbidities representing high disease burden. Based on international literature, general practitioners (GPs) are interested in the shortened diagnostic times, portable devices, and better doctor–patient relations made possible by POCT. There are several concerns, however, regarding initial and operational costs and reimbursement, limited scientific evidence about quality and safety, unclear regulations on quality validation of tests, as well as managerial aspects like PC staff training and IT integration at the GP level.

Conclusion:
As our review highlights, there is considerable interest among GPs to implement POCT as it has the potential to improve quality of care; however, there are many obstacles to overcome before widespread uptake. Further investigation is recommended to elaborate management and quality insurance background and to develop appropriate regulatory framework and financial scheme for GP practices. Preferably this work should involve the local practicing GPs to better tailor the implementation roadmap to country-specific details.
Statistical Comparison of Electron Loss and Enhancement in the Outer Radiation Belt During Storms
Authors: Walton S. D. , Forsyth C. , Rae I. J. , Meredith N. P. , Sandhu J. K. , Walach M.‐T. , Murphy K. R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe near‐relativistic electron population in the outer Van Allen radiation belt is highly dynamic and strongly coupled to geomagnetic activity such as storms and substorms, which are driven by the interaction of the magnetosphere with the solar wind. The energy, content, and spatial extent of electrons in the outer radiation belt can vary on timescales of hours to days, dictated by the continuously evolving influence of acceleration and loss processes. While net changes in the electron population are directly observable, the relative influence of different processes is far from fully understood. Using a continuous 12 year data set from the Proton Electron Telescope on board the Solar Anomalous Magnetospheric Particle Explorer, we statistically compare the relative variations of trapped electrons to those in the bounce loss cone (BLC). Our results show that there is a proportional increase in flux entering the BLC outside the plasmapause during storm main phase and early recovery phase. Loss enhancement is sustained on the dawnside throughout the recovery phase while loss on the duskside is enhanced around minimum Sym‐H and quickly diminishes. Spatial variations are also examined in relation to geomagnetic activity, making comparisons to possible causal wave modes such as whistler‐mode chorus and plasmaspheric hiss.