bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Dopamine Gene Receptors (DRD1-5) Expression Alteration in Psoriasis
Patients
Authors: Mohamadian Malihe , Mortazavi Hossein , Makvand Mina , Ahangari Fatemeh , Ahangari Ghasem 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that is considered linked to genetic and environmental factors such as stress. Since the neurotransmitter dopamine has a close association with stress configuration, it can be a candidate for relieving psoriasis representation. In addition to the CNS, immune cells can play a decisive role in regulating immune functions through dopamine synthesis and the expression of its receptors. Altered response of immune cells to dopamine as well as a distorted expression of dopamine receptors (DRs) in immune cells have been reported in some chronic inflammatory conditions.

Objective:
This study aims the evaluation of dopamine receptor (DR1-DR5) gene expression in mononuclear blood cells of psoriatic patients in comparison with normal individuals.

Method:
We isolated peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from blood samples followed by total RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, and real-time PCR using specific primer pairs.

Result:
We found that all types of DRs are expressed in the PBMCs of normal and psoriatic individ-uals. We also concluded that compared to controls, DR2 and DR4 were overexpressed in psoriasis patients while DR3 was low-expressed.

Conclusion:
Increased expression of DR2 and DR4 along with decreased expression of DR3 in PBMCs of psoriasis patients not only provide new insight into the pathogenesis of psoriasis but may also be effective in designing future therapeutic strategies attributable to psoriasis.
Comparing India's Second COVID Wave with the First Wave-A
Single-Center Experience
Authors: Kapoor Mayank , Singh Budha O , Panda Prasan Kumar , Dhanger Pathik , Kataria Anant 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic has resurfaced in India as a hardhitting
second wave. This study aims to compare the clinical profile of the first wave
(April-June 2020) and the second wave (March-May 2021) of the severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus-2 pandemic (SARS-CoV-2) in a single tertiary care center in
India.

Methods:
In this retrospective observational study, we examined the demographic profile,
symptoms at presentation, severity of illness, baseline investigations, treatments
received, underlying comorbidities, and outcomes of the COVID-19 patients belonging
to the first (W1) and the second wave (W2) of the pandemic in India.

Results:
The age group affected most in the W2 is 50.5 (17.7) versus 37·1 (16·9) years
for W1. The baseline oxygen saturation is lower in W2, being 84·0 (13·4) % compared
with 91·9 (7·4) % in W1 [SpO2 <90% OR 14.3 (6.1-33), P<0.0001]. 70.2 % of the cases
belonged to the severe category in W2 compared to 37.5% in W1. W2 has worse outcomes.
Incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [48.7% v/s 6.45%; OR
15.4 (6.5-35.7), P<0.0001], Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) [18% v/s 2.4%; OR 6 (1.7-
22.2), P = 0.005], Acute Liver Injury (transaminitis) [12.8% v/s 6.4%, OR 7.3 (3.7-
14.3), P<0.0001], and deaths (29% v/s 9.6%, standardized mortality ratio 3.5) is higher
in W2. Similarly, the CT severity score for W2 [29.5 (6.7)] was higher than W1 [23·2
(11·5), P<0.05]. The proportion of patients requiring oxygen [81.8% v/s 11.2%; OR 125
(40-333.3), P<0.0001], high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) (11.4% v/s 5.6%), Non-
Invasive Ventilation (NIV) (41.2% v/s 1.5%), invasive ventilation [24.5% v/s 0.9%; OR
22.72 (2.94-166.6), P=0.003], as well as ICU/HDU admissions [56.4% v/s 12.0%; OR
10.5 (5.3-21.2), P<0.0001] was higher for W2 as compared with W1. Cough, invasive
ventilation, inotrope requirement, and ARDS are significantly related to higher mortality
in the W2 than W1.

Conclusion:
Higher age, oxygen requirement, ventilator requirement, ICU admission,
and organ failure are more prevalent in the admitted COVID-19 cases during the second
wave that hit India than in the first wave and are associated with more fatalities. Strategy
for another wave should be planned accordingly.
Two-layer spherical rubber-metal joints and problems of their calculation features
Authors: Kosmodamianskiy A. S. , Vorob'ev V. I. , Izmerov O. V. , Shevchenko D. N. , Rasin D. Yu. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The article analyses the methods for calculating the characteristics of spherical rubber-metal joints. The authors consider a verified calculation model for determining the stiffness characteristics of spherical rubber-metal joints, both single-layer and double-layer.Materials and methods. The researchers used computer modelling and the finite element method to determine the features of the spherical rubber-metal joints. The possibility of neglecting the deformation of the metal parts of the joint for the modelling purposes was substantiated, which enabled to simplify the calculation model. Moreover, the authors proposed the method for measuring the effect of the elastic layer precompression and determined the values of radial stiffness for single-layer and double-layer rubber-metal joints at different hardness of materials, which coincided with the experimental results. Results. As a result, the authors revealed that with a decrease in the thickness of the rubber layer by assessing the rigidity of the joint, its features were significantly affected by the accuracy of setting the Poisson's ratio. A satisfactory convergence of the radial stiffness of the joint found through the modelling and experimental studies was achieved at a Poisson's ratio equal to 0.499999 (the discrepancy is about 5 %, which is less than the technological spread of rigidity during manufacture). The authors also found out that the rigidity of two-layer rubber-metal joints, similar in size and compensatory capacity to those used in the design of domestic locomotives, should be 6.3 times higher than for existing single-layer ones. Such features would reduce the deformation of rubber by loads exsposion during operation and thereby would solve the problems with the reliability of traction motors suspension units.Discussion and conclusion. Due to the fact that the shape of the free surface of the side faces of two-layer rubber-metal joints before assembly should have small radii of the recesses curvature, further research is needed to select the rational geometry of the free surface of the side faces. The researchers got a utility model patent for the proposed design and manufacturing technology of two-layer rubber-metal joints.
Application of elastically protected hydraulic vibration damper in spring suspension of locomotives
Authors: Savos'kin A. N. , Lavlinskaya N. S. , Ivanov P. Yu. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction. In the undercarriage of modern locomotives hydraulic vibration dampers are widely used to dampen vertical vibrations that occur in the axlebox stage of the spring suspension. Their resistance force is directly proportional to the deformation rate of the spring set. High levels of vibration frequencies and amplitudes in the axlebox stage lead to a significant increase in the strain rate and dissipative forces, which causes frequent failures of hydraulic vibration dampers. Therefore, issues related to improving the performance of axlebox hydraulic dampers are actual.Materials and methods. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of elastically protected hydraulic vibration damper in axlebox suspension, the authors studied the vibrations of a simplified model of a 2ES5K electric locomotive with a typical layout of the axlebox stage of spring suspension and a circuit with an elastically protected hydraulic vibration damper. The authors used a high-frequency random process as a kinematic perturbation of vibrations. The system of differential equations was solved in the MatLab — Simulink software package by numerical integration using the Runge — Kutta method of the fourth order. As a result of the solution, realisation of stationary and ergodic random processes were obtained. Results. The comparison of the obtained characteristics of random processes of vibrations of these two options showed that the use of an elastically protected axlebox vibration damper significantly reduces the frequency range and amplitudes of dissipative forces, which ensures a reduction in the number of axlebox damper failures and an increase in the number of runs before replacement is required.Discussion and conclusion. The shown efficiency of using an elastically protected axlebox vibration damper allows increasing the reliability of the damper. In order to determine the distance run between overhauls, it is necessary to carry out a controlled operation cycle or test the prototype axlebox assembly with the elastically protected vibration damper and measure the parameters of such assembly.
Assessment of transportation capacity balance of railway network polygons
Authors: Borodin A. F. , Panin V. V. , Ageeva M. A. , Sokolov A. Yu. , Kirillova S. Yu. , Dmitriev E. O. , Kravchenko A. A. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction.Traffic and transportation capacities of railway polygons and traffic flows are not constant throughout the year. Permissible capacity levels are determined by the condition of unhindered reception of trains by stations. It is necessary to calculate the balance of transportation capacity, making it possible to combine growing traffic with high rates with infrastructure development and repair works. The purpose of the study is to develop methodological solutions for assessing the balance of the railway transportation capacity and substantiating the procedure for implementing infrastructure measures in the context of the growing dynamics of the originating traffic and the tight deadlines for repairing and reconstructing the infrastructure.Materials and methods.The developed solutions are based on the data of the Russian Railways information systems, automated forecasting of the infrastructure and transportation resources of the railway network, and hybrid mathematical models.Results.The article presented the results of the substantiation of the normative restrictions on the daily time budget for the passage of trains, depending on the classification and specialisation of railway lines. The procedure for calculating the traffic capacity of sections with automatic locomotive signalling is determined as an independent means of interval control of train traffic with movable boundaries of block sections that change depending on the speed and mass of the train. The characteristics of the available, estimated, planned and required traffic and transportation capacities were determined with a distinction between measures for the development of traffic and transportation capacities and programs for improvement of infrastructure facilities. The authors put forward the problem of compromise management to ensure the required volumes of freight and passenger traffic, a given volume of reconstruction work on the development of infrastructure and repair work to maintain the required degree of its readiness. A classification of reconstructive, technological, organisational, technical and complex measures of influence on the unevenness of transport processes in the conditions of depletion of infrastructure and scheduling resources was presented.Discussion and conclusion.The developed solutions enable to increase the feasibility and efficiency of complex projects for the development of traffic and transportation capacities and measures to improve the operation of railway network polygons.
VNIIZhT Scientific Journal celebrates 80th Anniversary! Part II. Victory, post-war recovery and modern development
Authors: Kosarev A. B. , Rimskaya O. N. , Anokhov I. V. , Sirotenko I. V. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Each scientific journal should meet the needs of its readers and the imperatives of its time. The journal can acquire such status if it accomplishes its main mission: increasing the volume of scientific knowledge available to the society. This requires organisation of a meaningful scientific discourse on its pages. The purpose of the article is to study the history of the Railways Technology Journal development after the Victory in the Great Patriotic War, when the post-war restoration of the economy and the intensive development of communications using advanced scientific knowledge became the topmost priorities. The article ends with an assessment of the current state of the journal and future prospects for its development.Materials and methods. The authors used historical, analytical and logical methods of scientific knowledge.Results. The Railways Technology Journal archives testified to the serious changes that took place in scientific journalism. The editorial staff was constantly looking for new ways of interacting with readers, optimising the format of the journal, redefining sections, etc. Ultimately, the journal was renamed: since 1956 the Railways Technology Journal became known as the Bulletin of the All-Union Railway Research Institute. To a large extent, this was due to fundamental changes in the activities of the publisher, the Central Research Institute of the People's Commissariat of Communication Routes of the USSR. Discussion and conclusion. The study of the history of the country's leading railway science journal enables to draw conclusions about the state of the science at the time, as well as the goals set by the country and about the era as a whole.The publication is the final part of the article dedicated to the 80th Anniversary of the journal. Part 1. See the war years in Vol. 80, no. 6.
Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback to Treat Anxiety in Young People With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Findings From a Home-Based Pilot Study
Authors: Coulter Helen , Donnelly Mark , Mallett John , Kernohan W George 
Published: June 2022

Background
People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequently experience high levels of anxiety. Despite this, many clinical settings do not provide specialist ASD mental health services, and demand for professional support frequently outstrips supply. Across many sectors of health, investigators have explored digital health solutions to mitigate demand and extend the reach of professional practice beyond traditional clinical settings.

Objective
This critical appraisal and pilot feasibility study examines heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback as an approach to help young people with ASD to manage anxiety symptoms outside of formal settings. The aim is to explore the use of portable biofeedback devices to manage anxiety, while also highlighting the risks and benefits of this approach with this population.

Methods
We assessed the feasibility of using home-based HRV biofeedback for self-management of anxiety in young people with ASD. We adopted coproduction, involving people with ASD, to facilitate development of the study design. Next, a separate pilot with 20 participants with ASD (n=16, 80% male participants and n=4, 20% female participants, aged 13-24 years; IQ>70) assessed adoption and acceptability of HRV biofeedback devices for home use over a 12-week period. Data were collected from both carers and participants through questionnaires and interviews; participants also provided single-lead electrocardiogram recordings as well as daily reports through smartphone on adoption and use of their device.

Results
Pre-post participant questionnaires indicated a significant reduction in anxiety in children (t6=2.55; P=.04; Cohen d=0.99) as well as adults (t7=3.95; P=.006; Cohen d=0.54). Participant age was significantly negatively correlated with all HRV variables at baseline, namely high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV: P=.02), the root mean square of successive differences in normal heartbeat contractions (RMSSD: P=.02) and the variability of normal-to-normal interbeat intervals (SDNN: P=.04). At follow-up, only SDNN was significantly negatively correlated with age (P=.05). Levels of ASD symptoms were positively correlated with heart rate both before (P=.04) and after the intervention (P=.01). The majority (311/474, 65.6%) of reports from participants indicated that the devices helped when used. Difficulties with the use of some devices and problems with home testing of HRV were noted. These initial findings are discussed within the context of the strengths and challenges of remotely delivering a biofeedback intervention for people with ASD.

Conclusions
HRV biofeedback devices have shown promise in this pilot study. There is now a need for larger evaluation of biofeedback to determine which delivery methods achieve the greatest effect for people with ASD.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04955093; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04955093
The Impact of a Digital Artificial Intelligence System on the Monitoring and Self-management of Nonmotor Symptoms in People With Parkinson Disease: Proposal for a Phase 1 Implementation Study
Authors: Meinert Edward , Milne-Ives Madison , Chaudhuri K Ray , Harding Tracey , Whipps John , Whipps Susan , Carroll Camille 
Published: June 2022

Background
Nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson disease are a major factor of disease burden but are often underreported in clinical appointments. A digital tool has been developed to support the monitoring and management of nonmotor symptoms.

Objective
The aim of this study is to establish evidence of the impact of the system on patient confidence, knowledge, and skills for self-management of nonmotor symptoms, symptom burden, and quality of life of people with Parkinson and their care partners. It will also evaluate the usability, acceptability, and potential for adoption of the system for people with Parkinson, care partners, and health care professionals.

Methods
A mixed methods implementation and feasibility study based on the nonadoption, abandonment, scale-up, spread, and sustainability framework will be conducted with 60 person with Parkinson–care partner dyads and their associated health care professionals. Participants will be recruited from outpatient clinics at the University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust Parkinson service. The primary outcome, patient activation, will be measured over the 12-month intervention period; secondary outcomes include the system’s impact on health and well-being outcomes, safety, usability, acceptability, engagement, and costs. Semistructured interviews with a subset of participants will gather a more in-depth understanding of user perspectives and experiences with the system. Repeated measures analysis of variance will analyze change over time and thematic analysis will be conducted on qualitative data. The study was peer reviewed by the Parkinson’s UK Non-Drug Approaches grant board and is pending ethical approval.

Results
The study won funding in August 2021; data collection is expected to begin in December 2022.

Conclusions
The study’s success criteria will be affirming evidence regarding the system’s feasibility, usability and acceptability, no serious safety risks identified, and an observed positive impact on patient activation. Results will be disseminated in academic peer-reviewed journals and in platforms and formats that are accessible to the general public, guided by patient and public collaborators.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05414071; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05414071

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/40317
Catalizadores del desempeño del sector hotelero: orientación emprendedora, responsabilidad social corporativa, gestión de la calidad total
Authors: Ibarra Cisneros Manuel Alejandro , Vela Reyna Juan Benito , Ríos Nequis Eric Israel 
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: analizar las interrelaciones que existen entre la orientación emprendedora, la responsabilidad social corporativa,la gestión de la calidad total, y cómo influyen sobre el desempeño de los hoteles. Además, se examina el efecto moderador de la orientación emprendedora sobre la relación entre la responsabilidad social corporativa y el desempeño. Finalmente, se analiza el efecto mediador de la gestión de la calidad total en la relación entre orientación emprendedora y desempeño. Diseño metodológico: es una investigación explicativa de corte transversal. Se aplicó una encuesta de 32 ítems a 584 hoteles de 3 o más estrellas de los Estados Unidos y México. Se utilizó la técnica estadística de ecuaciones estructurales por mínimos cuadrados parciales. Resultados: se evidencia la existencia de una relación directa entrela mayoría de los factores analizados entre ellos mismos y el incrementodel desempeño de los hoteles. Existe una fuerte conexión entre la gestión de la calidad total y la responsabilidad social corporativa. Empero, la orientación emprendedora sólo influye sobre la calidad total y no sobre la responsabilidad social como relación directa ni tampoco como efecto moderador. Finalmente, existe efecto mediador de la calidad total en relación con la orientación emprendedora y el desempeño. Limitaciones de la investigación: la principal limitación fue el acceso para encuestar a los hoteles debido a la pandemia por COVID-19. Hallazgos: los factores inciden en un mejor desempeño, sin embargo, la adopción simultánea de todos no permite maximizar los beneficios. Consecuentemente, termina generando fuerte gasto de tiempo y recursos en relación con el aumento adicional del desempeño.
Specifying the Indicators of a Breeding Tape­Cassette Sowing Device for Sowing Grain Crops by Ears
Authors: Chaplygin M. E. , Shaykhov M. M. , Chulkov A. S. , Podzorov A. V. 
Published: June 2022

A high efficiency of sowing grain crops by ears was noted in breeding and primary seed production. It was found that a seeder with working bodies for sowing by ears helps to significantly (up to 8 times) reduce labor intensity as well as maintain the variety purity in comparison with the use of manual labor.Research purpose To develop a seeder working section with a tape-cassette sowing device for sowing grain crops by ears in breeding and seed nurseries, and to substantiate the sowing device parameters necessary for the design of a multi-section grain seeder.Materials and methods In the course of the experiments, the authors proposed a schematic diagram, a program and a method for testing a cassette seeder working section for sowing by ears. A sample of the seed section was examined in the laboratory. The ways of ensuring the variety purity in conditions of grain natural shedding were studied. A technology of sowing ears in capsules was used.Results and discussion It was proposed to equip the seeder cassette sowing device with a device for pushing the capsule with the ear out of the cassette tape cell. A mock-up model of a spiked seed drill section was developed. The operation of the tape-cassette sowing device was checked.Conclusions The advisable parameters of the cassette tape cells specified are as follows: the inner diameter is 2.3-2.5 centimeters, the length is 14.0-16.5 centimeters, the distance between the axes is 3-4 centimeters. A formula for calculating the number of cells in a cassette tape was obtained depending on the number of tape turns in the cassette. The initial requirements and terms of reference were developed for the experimental sample of the grain drill section. The data were summarized to design a multi-section seeder for sowing with ears.