bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prophylaxis and hemophilia care in LATAM: Baring it all—Highlights from the CLAHT 2021 symposium
Authors: DiMinno Giovanni G. , Araujo Cabrera Lida Milena , Loayza Urcia Nancy , Bordone Raul , Murillo Carlos Martinez , Beltran Juan Carlos , Mathew Prasad 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA large group of countries constitute Latin American (LATAM) countries, where hemophilia care is as varied as the landscape of this region. To better understand the care provided to persons with bleeding disorders, especially hemophilia, a symposium was organized as part of the CLAHT Congress 2021 in Colombia to highlight the issues of hemophilia care and challenges faced by persons with hemophilia in four LATAM countries, Colombia, Peru, Argentina, and Mexico. A summary of the symposium is provided. Four clinicians highlighted the issues in their own country, the status, and the path forward to bring the standard of care to the international level in each of these countries. The geography of the country, the health infrastructure, and the resources available are obstacles in these countries to provide state‐of‐the‐art care to the bleeding disorder community. However, depending on the country, its infrastructure and the resources available, progress is being made to upend the care provided. Indeed, the care of persons with hemophilia has been greatly improved, including personalized prophylaxis. The information summarized here first emphasizes how the geography of a country and the different healthcare infrastructures play a major role in how care is offered. It also provides a path for other countries to evaluate these issues in their own realities. In parallel, these data provide hope to many developing countries; despite obstacles, strides can be made in the care of the bleeding disorder community.
Discovery of novel 1,2,4‐triazole phenylalanine derivatives targeting an unexplored region within the interprotomer pocket of the HIV capsid protein
Authors: Jiang Xiangyi , Sharma Prem Prakash , Rathi Brijesh , Ji Xiangkai , Hu Lide , Gao Zhen , Kang Dongwei , Wang Zhao , Xie Minghui , Xu Shujing , Zhang Xujie , De Clercq Erik , Cocklin Simon , Pannecouque Christophe , Dick Alexej , Liu Xinyong , Zhan Peng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) capsid (CA) protein is a promising target for developing novel anti‐HIV drugs. Starting from highly anticipated CA inhibitors PF‐74, we used scaffold hopping strategy to design a series of novel 1,2,4‐triazole phenylalanine derivatives by targeting an unexplored region composed of residues 106–109 in HIV‐1 CA hexamer. Compound d19 displayed excellent antiretroviral potency against HIV‐1 and HIV‐2 strains with EC50 values of 0.59 and 2.69 µM, respectively. Additionally, we show via surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectrometry that d19 preferentially interacts with the hexameric form of CA, with a significantly improved hexamer/monomer specificity ratio (ratio = 59) than PF‐74 (ratio = 21). Moreover, we show via SPR that d19 competes with CPSF‐6 for binding to CA hexamers with IC50 value of 33.4 nM. Like PF‐74, d19 inhibits the replication of HIV‐1 NL4.3 pseudo typed virus in both early and late stages. In addition, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations provide binding mode information of d19 to HIV‐1 CA and rationale for improved affinity and potency over PF‐74. Overall, the lead compound d19 displays a distinct chemotype form PF‐74, improved CA affinity, and anti‐HIV potency.
Enhancing lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic drainage to vascularized lymph nodes with nanofibrillar collagen scaffolds
Authors: Yang Chin‐Yu , Tinhofer Ines E. , Nguyen Dung , Cheng Ming‐Huei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated the effect of nanofibrillar collagen scaffold (BioBridge) implantation from the affected limb to the unaffected contralateral femoral vein or lymph node in a rat model.MethodsHind limb lymphedema in Lewis rats was created with lymphadenectomy and inguinal circumcision without radiation. The volumetric difference (greater than 5%) using computed tomography and indocyanine green fluorescence evaluated the progress of lymphedema at 4 weeks. The lymphedema rats have separated into Group I: Controls; Group II: implanted BioBridge to the contralateral femoral vein; and Group III: implanted BioBridge to the contralateral inguinal lymph node.ResultsA total of 14 of 30 (46.7%) rats developed hind limb lymphedema with a mean volume difference of 5.83 ± 0.99% and showed diffuse dermal backflow at 4 weeks postlymphadenectomy. Four weeks postimplantation of BioBridge, the mean volumetric difference was 5.62 ± 2.11%, 4.97 ± 0.59%, and −2.47 ± 2.37% in Group I, II, and III, respectively (p < 0.05). The dermal backflow on the affected limb increased in Groups I and II but decreased in Group III.ConclusionsImplantation of BioBridge from the affected limb to the contralateral inguinal lymph node significantly reduced the hind limb lymphedema at 4 weeks.
Marketing of luxurious gastronomic experiences on social media: The visual storytelling of luxury hotels
Authors: Michael Noela , Fusté‐Forné Francesc 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe role of luxury as a source of tourism experiences is gathering growing attention, with special attention to the foundations of the relationships between gastronomy and social media marketing. Drawing from a visual methodology, this study analyses how luxury hotels (Burj Al Arab, Emirates Palace, St. Regis Saadiyat Island, and Atlantis) in the UAE promote gastronomy by identifying visual features of social media posts (N = 1866) to manage their image of luxury. Results show that the most relevant drivers of luxury gastronomy are the discovery of cultures, experiences in the hotel environment, novelty and hedonism, and promotion of a luxurious place and lifestyle that is seen as authentic, prestigious and sophisticated.
Choosing the ‘right’ journal for publication: Perceptions and practices of pandemic‐era early career researchers
Authors: Nicholas David , Herman Eti , Clark David , Boukacem‐Zeghmouri Chérifa , Rodríguez‐Bravo Blanca , Abrizah Abdullah , Watkinson Anthony , Xu Jie , Sims David , Serbina Galina , Świgoń Marzena , Jamali Hamid R. , Tenopir Carol , Allard Suzie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPresents early data from an investigation of the work lives and scholarly communication practices of 177 early career researchers (ECRs) from eight countries. Utilizing mainly coded and textual data from interviews, the paper reports on the findings that pertain to publishing papers in peer reviewed journals. We examine which factors are taken into account when choosing the journal to publish their research in, identifying similarities/differences by country, age, academic status and discipline. Also, explored is whether the pandemic has changed decision‐making. Main findings are that the aim for ECRs is to publish in the ‘best’ journals, variably measured by prestige, impact factor, standards of peer review and indexation. Appropriateness of audience is the only factor unrelated to the quality of the journal that figures highly among the factors that guide ECRs in the process of selecting a journal. The pandemic has made little difference to the majority of ECRs when they decide on a journal for publishing their research. However, there is a greater awareness of the need for a faster turnover rate, brought on by the importance accorded to speedy publication during the pandemic.
Patient‐Reported Symptoms in the Global Multiple System Atrophy Registry
Authors: Palma Jose‐Alberto , Krismer Florian , Meissner Wassilios G. , Kuijpers Mechteld , Millar‐Vernetti Patricio , Perez Miguel A. , Fanciulli Alessandra , Norcliffe‐Kaufmann Lucy , Bower Pam , Wenning Gregor K. , Kaufmann Horacio 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe Global Multiple System Atrophy Registry (GLOMSAR) was established in 2013. It is an online patient‐reported contact registry open and free that relies on self‐reported diagnosis by the patient or caregiver.ObjectivesTo report the demographics of patients enrolled in GLOMSAR and the results of an ancillary online symptom questionnaire.MethodsPatients enrolled in GLOMSAR were invited to complete a custom‐designed online questionnaire about disease onset and symptom prevalence.ResultsAt the time of writing, there were 1083 participants in GLOMSAR, of which 33% (365) completed the questionnaire. The onset and frequency of most symptoms was similar to those reported in the literature in physician‐reported studies. Some were understudied or not typically associated with multiple system atrophy (MSA), including reduced female sexual sensation (55%), forgetfulness (60%), pseudobulbar affect (37%), olfactory changes (36%), and visual hallucinations (21%).ConclusionsPatient‐reported studies and ancillary online questionnaires are valid, underused research tools useful to advance our knowledge on understudied MSA features and highlight the patients' voice.
A reciprocal learning strategy for semisupervised medical image segmentation
Authors: Zeng Xiangyun , Huang Rian , Zhong Yuming , Xu Zeyan , Liu Zaiyi , Wang Yi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSemisupervised strategy has been utilized to alleviate issues from segmentation applications due to challenges in collecting abundant annotated segmentation masks, which is an essential prerequisite for training high‐performance 3D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) .PurposeExisting semisupervised segmentation methods are mainly concerned with how to generate the pseudo labels with regularization but not evaluate the quality of the pseudo labels explicitly. To alleviate this problem, we offer a simple yet effective reciprocal learning strategy for semisupervised volumetric medical image segmentation, which generates more reliable pseudo labels for the unannotated data.MethodsOur proposed reciprocal learning is achieved through a pair of networks, one as a teacher network and the other as a student network. The student network learns from pseudo labels generated by the teacher network. In addition, the teacher network autonomously optimizes its parameters based on the reciprocal feedback signals from the student's performance on the annotated images. The efficacy of the proposed method is evaluated on three medical image data sets, including 82 pancreas computed tomography (CT) scans (training/testing: 62/20), 100 left atrium gadolinium–enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) scans (training/testing: 80/20), and 200 breast cancer MR scans (training/testing: 68/132). The comparison methods include mean teacher (MT) model, uncertainty‐aware MT (UA‐MT) model, shape‐aware adversarial network (SASSNet), and transformation‐consistent self‐ensembling model (TCSM). The evaluation metrics are Dice similarity coefficient (Dice), Jaccard index (Jaccard), 95% Hausdorff distance (95HD), and average surface distance (ASD). The Wilcoxon signed‐rank test is used to conduct the statistical analyses.ResultsBy utilizing 20% labeled data and 80% unlabeled data for training, our proposed method achieves an average Dice of 84.77%/90.46%/78.53%, Jaccard of 73.71%/82.67%/69.00%, ASD of 1.58/1.90/0.57, and 95HD of 6.24/5.97/4.34 on pancreas/left atrium/breast data sets, respectively. These results outperform several cutting‐edge semisupervised approaches, showing the feasibility of our method for the challenging semisupervised segmentation applications.ConclusionsThe proposed reciprocal learning strategy is a general semisupervised solution and has the potential to be applied for other 3D segmentation tasks.
Associations between the ALSFRS‐R score and urate levels during 12 months of edaravone treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Post hoc analysis of ALSFRS‐R scores in clinical studies MCI186‐16, MCI186‐17, and MCI186‐19
Authors: Takahashi Fumihiro , Kano Osamu , Nagano Yoshito , Yoneoka Takatomo , Nelson Sally , Ushirogawa Yoshiteru 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsIn this study we examined the relationship between urate levels at baseline and functional change measured by the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale—Revised (ALSFRS‐R) total score after edaravone treatment.MethodsData from the edaravone trials MCI186‐16, MCI186‐17, and MCI186‐19 were analyzed, including the following treatment sequence groups: edaravone‐edaravone (EE, n = 113); edaravone‐placebo (EP, n = 45); and placebo‐edaravone (PE, n = 146). Subgroups were defined as low baseline urate (below the median value of 4.8 mg/dL) and high baseline urate (≥4.8 mg/dL). The differences in ALSFRS‐R total score change and urate change were evaluated using the mixed model for repeated measurement for overall population, by urate‐level subgroup, and by trial.ResultsCompared with the PE group, the EE group showed a slower decline in ALSFRS‐R score, regardless of the urate baseline level, and a slower decline in urate level in the higher baseline urate subgroup. Smaller changes in ALSFRS‐R score and urate were observed in patients diagnosed with “probable, laboratory‐supported ALS.” There was a positive correlation between changes from baseline to cycle 12 in urate levels and ALSFRS‐R score.DiscussionEdaravone treatment in ALS patients diagnosed with “definite ALS” or “probable ALS” showed slowing of disease progression, regardless of baseline urate level. In addition, because edaravone treatment was associated with a slower decline in urate level in the higher baseline urate subgroup and urate‐level changes were associated with changes in ALSFRS‐R score, urate level, and/or change may be one indicator in predicting disease progression after edaravone administration.
Establishment of a new classification system for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy based on unsupervised machine learning
Authors: Chang Chun‐Wei , Ro Long‐Sun , Lyu Rong‐Kuo , Kuo Hung‐Chou , Liao Ming‐Feng , Wu Yih‐Ru , Chen Chiung‐Mei , Chang Hong‐Shiu , Weng Yi‐Ching , Huang Chin‐Chang , Chang Kuo‐Hsuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsA model for predicting responsiveness to immunotherapy in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) has not been well established. We aimed to establish a new classifier for CIDP patients based on clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and electrophysiological features.MethodsThe clinical, laboratory, and electrophysiological features of 172 treatment‐naïve patients with CIDP between 2003 and 2019 were analyzed using an unsupervised hierarchical clustering. The identified pivotal features were used to establish simple classifications using a tree‐based model.ResultsThree clusters were identified: 1, n = 65; 2, n = 70; and 3, n = 37. Patients in Cluster 1 scored lower on the disability assessment score before treatment. More patients in Clusters 2 (90.0%) fulfilled demyelinating criteria than patients in Cluster 1 (30.8%, p < .001). Cluster 3 had more patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (27.0%) and hypoalbuminemia (3.40 g/dL) than did Cluster 2 (CKD: 0%, p < .001; hypoalbuminemia: 4.09 g/dL, p < .001). The responsiveness to pulse steroid therapy was higher in Cluster 2 (70.0%) than in Clusters 1 (31.8%; p = .043) and 3 (25.0%; p = .014). A tree‐based model with four pivotal features classified patients in our cohort into new clusters with high accuracy (89.5%).DiscussionThe established hierarchical clustering with the tree‐based model identified key features contributing to differences in disease severity and response to pulse steroid therapy. This classification system could assist clinicians in the selection of treatments and could also help researchers by clustering patients for clinical treatment trials.
COVID‐19 infection and vaccination in patients with skeletal muscle channelopathies
Authors: Vivekanandam Vinojini , Jayaseelan Dipa , Hanna Michael G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsAlthough we have gained insight into coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 since the beginning of the pandemic, our understanding of the consequences for patients with neuromuscular disorders is evolving. In this study we aimed to study the impact of COVID‐19 and COVID‐19 vaccination on skeletal muscle channelopathies.MethodsWe conducted a survey of patients with genetically confirmed skeletal muscle channelopathies seen at the UK Nationally Commissioned Channelopathy Service.ResultsThirty‐eight patient responses were received. Six patients had COVID‐19 infection leading to exacerbation of their underlying muscle channelopathy. No major complications were reported. Thirty‐six patients had received one or two COVID‐19 vaccinations and the majority (68%) had no worsening of their underlying channelopathy. Thirty‐two percent reported worsening of their usual symptoms of their muscle channelopathy, but all reported recovery to baseline levels. No serious adverse events were reported.DiscussionThe overall rates of COVID‐19 infection were low in our study and COVID‐19 vaccine uptake rates were high. Our results have been useful to inform patients that a subset of patients have reversible worsening of their channelopathy post–COVID‐19 vaccination. Our study provides information for giving advice to patients with skeletal muscle channelopathies regarding COVID‐19 infection and vaccination.
Conformer Selection Upon Dilution with Water: The Fascinating Case of Liquid Ethylene Glycol Studied via Molecular Dynamics Simulations**
Authors: Gaur Anjali , Balasubramanian Sundaram 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe aqueous solution of ethylene glycol (EG) is a binary liquid mixture that displays rich conformational and structural behaviour, which has not yet been adequately explored through atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. Herein, employing an accurate force field for EG, several physical properties of this solution are calculated to be in quantitative agreement with experimental data. While 79 % of molecules in neat liquid EG exist with their central OCCO dihedral in the gauche state, this fraction increases to 89 % in the dilute aqueous solution, largely in response to the increase in the static dielectric constant of the solution from that of neat liquid EG. The increase in gauche conformers increases the mean dipole moment of EG molecules in the solution which is additionally contributed by specific conformational states of the two terminal HOCC dihedral angles.
Solubility determination of boehmite nanoparticles and modeling of solution thermodynamics of blend polymeric membranes
Authors: Kumar Anil , Ghosh Uttam Kumar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe solubility of boehmite nanoparticles was determined experimentally for 20 different solvents using Hansen solubility parameter method (HSP). The algorithm given by Gharagheizi was optimized using MATLAB. The solubility was found as, δ = 33.08 MPa1/2 with, δD = 16.50 MPa1/2, δP = 15.54 MPa1/2, and δH = 24.09 MPa1/2. Flory‐Huggin's theory was used to model the quarternary system of a blend polymeric membrane. The thermodynamic equations were solved and optimized using MATLAB and ternary phase diagrams were obtained for different filler compositions. Thermodynamic enhancement and kinetic hindrance parameters were obtained to predict the membrane morphologies. The porosity of the membrane was increased with the addition of nanoparticles. Contact angle of the membrane was decreased from 84.45° to 50.2°.
‘I didn't know what was in front of me’—Bereaved parents' experience of adapting to life when a co‐parent of dependent children has died with cancer
Authors: Hanna Jeffrey R. , Semple Cherith J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveIt is not clear how the bereaved parent navigates life with the children after a co‐parent has died. The objective of this study is to explore bereaved parents' experience of managing life when a co‐parent of dependent children has died with cancer.MethodsTwenty‐one in‐depth interviews were conducted with bereaved parents when a co‐parent died with cancer. Data were analysed thematically.ResultsBereaved parents highlighted how their children was their key focus after the death of a co‐parent with cancer, as they effortfully strived to be a ‘perfect parent’. While some bereaved parents struggled to adapt to the role as a sole parent, others described the importance of maximising social networks to help with the practical aspects of parenting. However, most bereaved parents described intense feelings of loneliness as they navigated parenting alone. To help navigate this post‐bereavement period, parents considered it important for their children to openly talk about the deceased parent. Also, meeting others who have experienced similar situations was helpful for the bereaved parent and children, providing hope for the future. Results are discussed under two themes: (1) adapting to life without the parent, and (2) a desire to keep the memory alive of the parent that died with cancer.ConclusionsBereaved parents should be encouraged to practice self‐care when a co‐parent has died from cancer so they can appropriately meet the needs of their children. Bereaved parents should be reassured that showing emotion in front of the children is helpful and could facilitate better grief experiences for the whole family.
Ca2+‐dependent interactions between lipids and the tumor‐targeting peptide pHLIP
Authors: Vasquez‐Montes Victor , Tyagi Vivek , Sikorski Eden , Kyrychenko Alexander , Freites J. Alfredo , Thévenin Damien , Tobias Douglas J. , Ladokhin Alexey S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCancerous tissues undergo extensive changes to their cellular environments that differentiate them from healthy tissues. These changes include changes in extracellular pH and Ca2+ concentrations, and the exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) to the extracellular environment, which can modulate the interaction of peptides and proteins with the plasma membrane. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of such interactions is critical for advancing the knowledge‐based design of cancer‐targeting molecular tools, such as pH‐low insertion peptide (pHLIP). Here, we explore the effects of PS, Ca2+, and peptide protonation state on the interactions of pHLIP with lipid membranes. Cellular studies demonstrate that exposed PS on the plasma membrane promotes pHLIP targeting. The magnitude of this effect is dependent on extracellular Ca2+ concentration, indicating that divalent cations play an important role in pHLIP targeting in vivo. The targeting mechanism is further explored with a combination of fluorescence and circular dichroism experiments in model membranes and microsecond‐timescale all‐atom molecular dynamics simulations. Our results demonstrate that Ca2+ is engaged in coupling peptide‐lipid interactions in the unprotonated transmembrane conformation of pHLIP. The simulations reveal that while the pH‐induced insertion leads to a strong depletion of PS around pHLIP, the Ca2+‐induced insertion has the opposite effect. Thus, extracellular levels of Ca2+ are crucial to linking cellular changes in membrane lipid composition with the selective targeting and insertion of pHLIP. The characterized Ca2+‐dependent coupling between pHLIP sidechains and PS provides atomistic insights into the general mechanism for lipid‐coupled regulation of protein‐membrane insertion by divalent cations.