bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and quality of clinical practice guidelines addressing acupuncture interventions: a systematic survey of 133 guidelines and 433 acupuncture recommendations
Authors: Tang Xiaorong , Shi Xiaoshuang , Zhao Hong , Lu Liming , Chen Ze , Feng Yixuan , Liu Lanping , Duan Ruihua , Zhang Pingping , Xu Yuqin , Cui Shuo , Gong Fen , Fei Jingwen , Xu Neng-Gui , Jing Xianghong , Guyatt Gordon , Zhang Yu-Qing 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveTo systematically summarise acupuncture-related Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs)’s clinical and methodological characteristics and critically appraise their methodology quality.DesignWe summarised the characteristics of the guidelines and recommendations and evaluated their methodological quality using the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) instrument.Data sourcesNine databases were searched from 1 January 2010 to 20 September 2020.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included the latest version of acupuncture CPGs, which must have used at least one systematic review addressing the benefits and harms of alternative care options to inform acupuncture recommendations.Data extraction and synthesisReviewers, working in pairs, independently screened and extracted data. When there are statistical differences among types of CPGs, we reported the data by type in the text, but when not, we reported the overall data.ResultsOf the 133 eligible guidelines, musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases proved the most commonly addressed therapeutic areas. According to the AGREE II instrument, the CPG was moderate quality in the domain of clarity of scope and purpose, clarity of presentation, the rigour of development, stakeholder involvement and low quality in editorial independence, and applicability. The study identified 433 acupuncture-related recommendations; 380 recommended the use of acupuncture, 28 recommended against the use of acupuncture and 25 considered acupuncture but did not make recommendations. Of the 303 recommendations that used Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation to determine the strength of recommendations, 152 were weak recommendations, 131 were strong recommendations, of which 104 were supported by low or very low certainty evidence (discordant recommendations).ConclusionIn the past 10 years, a large number of CPGs addressing acupuncture interventions exist. Although these guidelines may be as or more rigorous than many others, considerable room for improvement remains.
Return to match running performance after a hamstring injury in elite football: a single-centre retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hoppen Marloes I , Reurink Gustaaf , de Boode Vosse A , van der Kaaden Lisanne , Jagtman Lotte , Glazenburg Tim , Bruning Bastiaan , Tol Johannes L 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesTo determine the number of matches to return to pre-injury match running performance after sustaining an acute hamstring injury.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, the injuries of the players of the first, Under21, Under19, Under18 and Under17 teams of a professional football club in the period 2017–2020 were analysed. Acute hamstring injuries with a minimal absence from training or match play of 7 days were included. For running performance, we assessed the following variables: maximal velocity (km/hour), total distance, high-intensity distance (17.5–22.5 km/hour) and sprint distance (>22.5 km/hour). We calculated the average and 95% CI for these variables during the last five matches before the injury. The primary outcome was the number of matches to reach maximal velocity within the 95% CI of the player’s individual pre-injury performance. Secondary outcome scores included the duration (in days and matches) to reach the other running performance variables.Results18 hamstring injuries in 15 players were included. 15 out of 18 injuries (83%) showed a return to pre-injury maximal velocity in the second match after return to play. The median number of matches to return to pre-injury maximal velocity was 2 (IQR 1–2). In the first match after return to play, pre-injury total distance was reached in 100% of the injuries, pre-injury sprint distance was reached in 94% of the injuries and pre-injury high-intensity distance was reached in 89% of the injuries.ConclusionFollowing an acute hamstring injury in elite football, pre-injury match running performance is reached in the first or second match.
Biological and technical factors in the assessment of blood-based tumor mutational burden (bTMB) in patients with NSCLC
Authors: Schuurbiers Milou , Huang Zhongyun , Saelee Senglor , Javey Manana , de Visser Leonie , van den Broek Daan , Heuvel Michel van den , Lovejoy Alexander F , Monkhorst Kim , Klass Daniel 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundPatients treated with immunotherapy are at risk of considerable adverse events, and the ongoing struggle is to accurately identify the subset of patients who will benefit. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) has emerged as a promising predictive biomarker but requires tumor tissue which is not always available. Blood-based TMB (bTMB) may provide a minimally invasive assessment of mutational load. However, because of the required sequencing depth, bTMB analysis is costly and prone to false negative results. This study attempted to design a minimally sized bTMB panel, examined a counting-based method for bTMB in patients with stage I to IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and evaluated both technical factors such as bTMB and tissue-based TMB (tTMB) cut-off, as well as sample-related factors such as cell-free DNA input mass which influence the correlation between bTMB and tTMB.MethodsTissue, plasma, and whole blood samples collected as part of the LEMA trial (NCT02894853) were used in this study. Samples of 185 treatment naïve patients with stage I to IV NSCLC were sequenced at the Roche Sequencing Solutions with a custom panel designed for TMB, using reagents and workflows derived from the AVENIO Tumor Tissue and circulating tumor DNA Analysis Kits.ResultsA TMB panel of 1.1 Mb demonstrated highly accurate TMB high calls with a positive predictive value of 95% when using a tTMB cut-off of 16 mut/Mb, corresponding with 42 mut/Mb for bTMB. The positive per cent agreement (PPA) of bTMB was relatively low at 32%. In stage IV samples with at least 20 ng of cfDNA input, PPA of bTMB improved to 63% and minimizing the panel to a subset of 577 kb was possible while maintaining 63% PPA.ConclusionPlasma samples with high bTMB values are highly correspondent with tTMB, whereas bTMB low results may also be the result of low tumor burden at earlier stages of disease as well as poorly shedding tumors. For advanced stages of disease, PPA (sensitivity) of bTMB is satisfactory in comparison to tTMB, even when using a panel of less than 600 kb, warranting consideration of bTMB as a predictive biomarker for patients with NSCLC eligible for immunotherapy in the future.
Higher-order corrections to the bubble-nucleation rate at finite temperature
Authors: Ekstedt Andreas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper I discuss how to consistently incorporate higher-order corrections to the bubble-nucleation rate at finite temperature. Doing so I examine the merits of different approaches, with the goal of reducing uncertainties for gravitational-wave calculations. To be specific, the region of applicability and accuracy of the derivative expansion is discussed. The derivative expansion is then compared to a numerical implementation of the Gelfand–Yaglom theorem. Both methods are applied to popular first-order phase transition models, like a loop-induced barrier and a SM-EFT tree-level barrier. The results of these calculations are presented in easy-to-use parametrizations that can directly be used in gravitational-wave calculations. In addition, higher-order corrections for models with multiple scalar fields, such as singlet/triplet extensions, are studied. Lastly, the main goal of this paper is to investigate the convergence and uncertainty of all calculation. Doing so I argue that current calculations for the Standard Model with a tree-level barrier are inaccurate.
Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Programming Education: Theories and Exemplars of Use
Authors: Loksa Dastyni , Margulieux Lauren , Becker Brett A. , Craig Michelle , Denny Paul , Pettit Raymond , Prather James 
Published: February 2022

Metacognition and self-regulation are important skills for successful learning and have been discussed and researched extensively in the general education literature for several decades. More recently, there has been growing interest in understanding how metacognitive and self-regulatory skills contribute to student success in the context of computing education. This article presents a thorough systematic review of metacognition and self-regulation work in the context of computer programming and an in-depth discussion of the theories that have been leveraged in some way. We also discuss several prominent metacognitive and self-regulation theories from the literature outside of computing education—for example, from psychology and education—that have yet to be applied in the context of programming education.
In our investigation, we built a comprehensive corpus of papers on metacognition and self-regulation in programming education, and then employed backward snowballing to provide a deeper examination of foundational theories from outside computing education, some of which have been explored in programming education, and others that have yet to be but hold much promise. In addition, we make new observations about the way these theories are used by the computing education community, and present recommendations on how metacognition and self-regulation can help inform programming education in the future. In particular, we discuss exemplars of studies that have used existing theories to support their design and discussion of results as well as studies that have proposed their own metacognitive theories in the context of programming education. Readers will also find the article a useful resource for helping students in programming courses develop effective strategies for metacognition and self-regulation.
Performance analysis comparison of optical burst switching networks' contention resolution techniques
Authors: Abdullah Naji Laila A. Wahab , Eltahir Ibrahim Khider , Al-Shargabi Mohammed , Haider Adel Sallam 
Published: February 2022

<p><span>Optical burst switching (OBS) is a transporting network for the optical internet in the years ahead vision. As OBS depends on statistical multiplexing, the effect of contention resolution is the main issue to achieve a low probability losing of burst. Basically, there are different ways to resolve contentions in the OBS networks like wavelength conversion, deflection routing, burst segmentation and optical buffering using fiber delay lines. Burst segmentation and deflection routing as well as fiber delay lines technologies, are discussed among the various accessible conflict resolution techniques in this study. However, the main aim of this study is to demonstrate that, the performance of fiber delay line (FDL) is better than other techniques to resolve contention by comparing the performance of these different schemes based on burst losing probabilities and the data handling capability. To evaluate the performance, appropriate mathematical formulae were used. Under the MATLAB environment, the performance was measured based on the probability of burst loss versus incoming traffic (load). The outcomes suggest that deflection routing outperforms fiber delay lines and burst segmentation in the OBS network in terms of resolve the contention. </span></p>
Reclaiming Neoliberal Amman: The Role of Space in Jordanian Contentious Politics
Authors: Christensen Douglas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Jordan is often discounted in comparison to its regional counterparts since the “Arab Spring.” With the Hashemite regime still in power a decade later, have Jordanians given up on calling for change? On the contrary, Jordanians have continued to mobilize since the hirak from 2011 to 2013. In all contentious mobilizations, Jordanians challenge the neoliberal economic policies pushed by the Hashemite regime through subsequent governments. This essay will look at two recent rejections of neoliberalism, the 2018 protest wave against an imf-sponsored tax bill and the historic 2019 public school teachers strike. How does space fit into these contentious actions? Why did protesters and strikers choose certain sites of contention? This essay argues contentious sites in the 2018 and 2019 waves of protest in Amman were symbolic rejections of neoliberalism.
Development, validation, and application of an UPLC-MS/MS method for vancomycin, norvancomycin, methotrexate, paclitaxel, and imatinib analysis in human plasma
Authors: Chen Xinran , Du Liying , Liu Mingfeng 
Published: February 2022

Background Vancomycin, norvancomycin, methotrexate, paclitaxel, and imatinib are five commonly used drugs which are all recommended to therapeutic drug monitoring in clinical settings. However, the blood concentration monitoring of these drugs and the interpretations of the test results are limited to some extent due to the differences of testing instruments and testing methods. Methods We established an ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous quantification of vancomycin, norvancomycin, methotrexate, paclitaxel, and imatinib in human plasma. The method was validated according to the guideline for bioanalytical method validation and applied in clinical therapy. Results The calibration ranges of vancomycin, norvancomycin, methotrexate, paclitaxel, and imatinib were 0.5–100 μg/mL, 0.5–100 μg/mL, 5–1000 ng/mL, 10–2000 ng/mL, and 5–500 ng/mL, respectively. Inaccuracy and imprecision of every drug were less than 15%. The internal standard normalized recovery rates of vancomycin and norvancomycin were about 45%, while which of methotrexate, paclitaxel, and imatinib were almost 100%. No obvious carryover effect was observed. Samples were stable for at least 24 h in the automatic sampler, 72 h at 4°C, and 1 week in −80°C. There were no differences of concentrations between plasma and serum for the five drugs. Moreover, there were positive correlations between methotrexate and vancomycin concentrations and creatinine, as well as positive correlation between imatinib concentration and age of the patient. Conclusions The UPLC-MS/MS method was competent for the simultaneous monitoring of vancomycin, norvancomycin, methotrexate, paclitaxel, and imatinib because of its short analysis time, high specificity, and accuracy.
Body mass index is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection and increased oxidative DNA damage in an obese population
Authors: Nasif Wesam Ahmed , Hasan Mukhtar Mohammed , El-Moursy Ali Abeer Shaker , Nour Eldein Mohamed Mahmoud , Almaimani Riyad Adnan , Ashgar Sami Sadagah 
Published: February 2022

Objective To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in a Saudi Arabian population and its association with the body mass index (BMI) and serum 8-hydroxy deoxyguanine (8-OHdG) levels as biomarker for oxidative stress. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled patients that had experienced epigastric discomfort or dyspepsia for > 1 month and had undergone diagnostic upper endoscopy. Patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 were defined as obese. The presence of anti- H. pylori antibodies was confirmed using an H. pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of 8-OHdG were measured using a competitive inhibition enzyme immunoassay. Results A total of 298 patients were enrolled in the study. Of these, 186 (62.4%) patients were H. pylori-positive and 112 (37.6%) patients were H. pylori-negative. The mean ± SD age of the overall study cohort was 47.17 ± 9.27 years. The H. pylori-positive patients had significantly higher levels of H. pylori IgG antibodies than H. pylori-negative patients. H. pylori prevalence linearly correlated with BMI quantile. The 8-OHdG levels were strongly associated with the BMI of the patients in the H. pylori-positive group. Conclusion Obese individuals exhibited higher H. pylori prevalence than individuals with a lean BMI (BMI < 25.00 kg/m2).
Debating Uneven and Combined Development/Debating International Relations: A Forum
Authors: Rosenberg Justin , Zarakol Ayşe , Blagden David , Rutazibwa Olivia , Gray Kevin , Corry Olaf , Matin Kamran , Antunes de Oliveira Felipe , Cooper Luke 
Published: February 2022

This forum arises from an online event on the theory of uneven and combined development (UCD). Following an introduction which proposes a ‘special affinity’ between UCD and International Relations (IR), four presenters at that event discuss their ‘view from outside’ UCD, including perspectives from Global Historical Sociology, Realism, Decolonial theory and Gramscian Marxism. Meanwhile four members of the audience add their views on UCD and disciplinarity, the need for pluralism in UCD methodology, UCD and ‘whiteness’, and its potential contribution to ecological theory and practice. Débattre du développement inégal et combiné/Débattre des relations internationales
Multi-professional ethical competence in healthcare – an ethical practice model
Authors: Koskinen Camilla , Kaldestad Kari , Rossavik Bente Dorrit , Ree Jensen Anne , Bjerga Grethe 
Published: February 2022

Introduction The starting point is that ethical competence is the basis for ethical healthcare practices and quality of care. Simultaneously, there is a need for research and development from a holistic multi-professional perspective. Aim The aim is to create a proposed model for multi-professional ethical competence grounded in clarified meanings and dimensions of ethical competence studied from a multi-professional healthcare perspective. The research questions are, what is ethical competence from a multi-professional healthcare perspective and what strengthens a multi-professional ethical healthcare practice? Research design The research has a qualitative approach and hermeneutic application research design. Two groups with six participants from clinical practice and two scientific researchers in each group met four times for dialogue. Thematic analysis was used as an analysis method. Ethical considerations The research is approved by the Declaration of Helsinki, the General Data Protection Regulations, and ethical permission was asked from the Norwegian Centre for Research Data (NSD). Results The proposed model for multi-professional ethical competence encompasses a three-dimensional ethical value base that is underpinned by: Ethical attitude – a personal desire to do good; Ethical basis – the best for the patient as a common goal and Ethical culture – common goals and values in the organization. Multi-professional ethical competence is strengthened by: Reflection – to see with new wondering eyes; Time for talk – interdisciplinary teamwork and Leadership – an ethical role model and support. Discussion Ethical competence has a strong link to the core of caring ethics and a deeper personal value base and attitude. Ethical competence involves the whole culture and is seen as a shared value base and a responsibility to do the best for the patient as a multi-professional team and organization. Ethical competence becomes active in healthcare practice by opening up for meaningful multi-professional talks and reflections.
Fading kitten syndrome: Factors predisposing to ‘faders’ and treatment options
Authors: Münnich Andrea 
Published: February 2022

Practical relevance: Fading kitten syndrome is a condition where one or more kittens of a litter are born apparently healthy but gradually become inactive, sick and die; typically faders are considered those that die during the first 2 weeks of life. Fading has many potential aetiologies, including a wide variety of infectious, toxic, traumatic, metabolic and genetic diseases. Regardless of the underlying cause, the approach to a sick neonate is similar, and initiating supportive care is the first priority, followed by a detailed physical examination. Where possible, the cause of disease should be determined, and this may inform adjustments to the treatment protocol. Clinical challenges: Most perinatal and neonatal diseases present similarly and a specific cause cannot usually be determined from clinical signs alone, which can make diagnosis challenging. When examining a kitten, it is important to remember that there are distinct physiological differences between adults and neonates. In addition, some procedures can be more difficult to perform than in adults, such as blood collection, and some diagnostic tests are harder to interpret, such as radiography. When treating kittens, differences compared with adults again need to be considered. Aim: The aim of this review is to provide guidance to veterinarians who are presented with a fading kitten. As well as reviewing the potential causes of fading kitten syndrome, the diagnostic approach and treatment options are discussed. Algorithms summarising possible pathways to neonatal mortality in kittens, and diagnostic and therapeutic options in fading kittens, are also provided. Evidence base: Information provided in this review is based on the published feline literature and papers discussing puppies and/or a range of species including cats, as well as the author’s own clinical experience.
The unified medical prescription as a tool to promote generic prescription: A cross-sectional study addressing physicians’ perception in Lebanon
Authors: Hatem Georges , Lahoud Elsa , Halwani Leyan , Mcheik Farah , Khachman Dalia , Awada Sanaa 
Published: February 2022

INTRODUCTION: The unified medical prescription was implemented as a policy to decrease the overall health expenditures and increase the use of generic drugs. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the perception of Lebanese physicians towards the unified medical Prescription and its impact on the overall generic prescription. Additionally, an overview was assessed concerning the type of drugs that physicians tend more to accept to be substituted to generic alternatives. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Lebanon over a period of three months targeting physicians in their private clinics or in various hospitals using a survey as an instrument. RESULTS: Our findings demonstrated that more than the half of respondents (56.6%) believed that the unified medical prescription preserves the exclusivity for physicians to choose the medication while only 39.5% of physicians think that the unified medical prescription encouraged generic prescription and almost 42% admitted that the unified medical prescription lowers the medical cost for the patient. DISCUSSION: Despite that this new medical form of prescription is a high achievement for the Lebanese Ministry Of Public Health, this last should make essential actions: coordinating the generic drug substitution policy and monitoring its implementation over time and achievement of goals; establishing appropriate pricing system and medicines prices and controlling the interactions between physicians, pharmacists, and pharmaceutical industries; ensure their full commitment; and update the national list of substitutable generic drugs. CONCLUSION: The main objective of the unified medical prescription is to decrease the pharmaceutical expenditure and to provide access to medications for patients with lower socio-economic status. Lebanese physicians reported that this tool did not achieve its goal yet but have an impact on lowering the medical cost for patients and promoting generic prescription.