bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual-parameter demodulated torsion sensor based on the Lyot filter with a twisted polarization-maintaining fiber
Authors: Zheng Yichao , Li Jinjian , Liu Yi , Li Yan , Qu Shiliang 
Published: January 2022

We proposed a novel torsion sensor based on the Lyot filter with the twisted polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) acting as the birefringence medium. Lyot filter is formed by two linear polarizers and a piece of PMF. Based on the high birefringence of the PMF, the output polarization rotates with a rate equal to the twisting rate applied on the PMF, and the sensor realizes a high sensitivity of 90.072 dB/rad. The proposed sensor also demonstrated a low strain sensitivity of

2

.32

×
1

0

- 6

rad/μɛ. On the other hand, based on the phase hits of the polarization interference, the wavelength sensitivity reaches 15.477 nm/rad. The monitoring range of the wavelength demodulation is complementary with the intensity demodulation in one cycle, making the valid sensing range of the proposed sensor expand. The proposed highly sensitive compact torsion sensor, with large sensing range and low crosstalk, has potential applications in many fields such as manufacturing industry, civil engineering, aerospace industry and modern smart structure monitoring.
ELECTROCATALYTIC OXIDATION OF STARCH IN TWO-CHAMBER CELL WITH REGENERATION OF OXIDANT IN SITU ON ELECTRODES FROM Pb/PbO2 AND GRAPHITE
Authors: Kornienko Galina Vasil'yevna , Kapaeva Svetlana Nikolayevna , Malyar Yuriy Nikolayevich , Kornienko Vasiliy Leont'yevich , Taran Oksana Pavlovna 
Published: January 2022

Electrocatalytic oxidation of potato starch was investigated potassium iodate in a two-chamber electrolytic cell with in situ regeneration of the oxidant on Pb/PbO2 and graphite electrodes, depending on the current density, electrolyte pH and electrolysis time. To analyze the samples of the starting and oxidized starch, the methods of photometry, X-ray diffraction, gel permeation chromatography, and IR spectroscopy were used. The optimal conditions for starch dialdehyde production were determined: current density 50 mA/cm2, electrolyte pH 7, electrolysis time 80 min. and a temperature of 25 °С. The weight average molecular weights (Mw) of AIBN samples were determined, which are several orders of magnitude lower (104) than the average molecular weight of native starch (108).
ISOLATION AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PECTIN FROM NONCONVENTIONAL NATU-RAL RAW MATERIALS
Authors: Khaytmetova Saida Bokizhonovna , Turaev Abbaskhan Sabirkhanovich , Muhitdinov Bakhtiyor Ikromovich , Khalilova Gulnoza Abduvahabovna 
Published: January 2022

Obtaining and studying the functional properties and determining the subsequent purpose in the practical use of pectin substances requires a thorough study of physical and chemical characteristics of the polysaccharide.
By using the acidic hydrolysis method, pectic polysaccharides were isolated from nonconventional raw materials of natural origins - basidial fungus mushrooms Fomes fomentarius, Ganoderma lucidum, Inonotus hispidus, Polýporus squamosus. The polysaccharides isolated were characterized: such as content of free and etherifying carboxyl groups, total -СООН groups, -ОСН3 groups, degree of etherification and by data of the IR-spectroscopy.
The pectic polysaccharides isolated in identical conditions from the basidial mushrooms were powders with colors from light yellow to is light-brown by the appearance, possess sub-acidic taste, have no extraneous smack and a smell. The pectin from Inonotus hispidus was much lighter than other pectins (Fomes fomentarius, Ganoderma lucidum, Polýporus squamosus). The pectin’s isolated were similar to the apple pectin by the organoleptic properties. They can classified as averagely etherified pectins regarding the degree etherification. Etherification degree of the studied pectins was in the range of 50.00–66.67%. The methoxyl groups were ranged between 8.47–11.43%. Content of free carboxylic groups in the range of 2.25–5.40%.
METHOD OF QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF THE SUM OF TANNINS IN EUTERPE OLERACEA FRUITS
Authors: Kurdyukov Evgeniy Evgen'yevich , Vodop'yanova Ольга Александровна , Antropova Natalia Victorovna , Mitishev Aleksandr Vladimirovich , Evgrashkina Natal'ya Evgen'yevna 
Published: January 2022

Fruits of Euterpe oleracea are widely used in foreign medical practice as an antioxidant. The fruits of Euterpe contain tannins. The most common method of quantitative determination of tannins is spectrophotometry. The purpose of this work is to determine the content of the sum of tannins in the fruits of Euterpe by spectrophotometry
Quantitative determination of the amount of tannins in the fruits of Euterpe by direct spectrophotometry was carried out. To confirm the presence of tannins in the fruits of Euterpe, qualitative reactions were used (1% solution of iron-ammonium alum, 1% solution of vanillin in concentrated hydrochloric acid). The presence of tannins was confirmed by direct spectrophotometry in extracts from euterpe fruits, the analytical maxima of the studied compounds were determined at about 282±2 nm, which corresponds to the maximum absorption of catechin. The optimal conditions for the extraction of tannins from the raw materials of this plant (extractant – ethyl alcohol 40%; the ratio of "raw material – extractant" – 1 : 100; extraction time – 60 minutes; the degree of grinding of raw materials – 1.0 mm) are justified. It was determined that the average error in determining the content of tannins in the fruits of euterpe with a confidence probability of 95% is ±1.59%. It was revealed that the content of tannins in the fruits of euterpe is 8.90%.
POWDERED CELLULOSIC MATERIALS: OVERVIEW, CLASSIFICATION, CHARACTERISTICS AND FIELDS OF APPLICATION
Authors: Toptunov Evgeniy Alekseevich , Sevastyanova Yuliya Veniaminovna 
Published: January 2022

Recently, due to the growing interest in powdered cellulosic materials, a large number of studies have been carried out on various methods of their preparation. The main interest is associated with new opportunities for research on nanocellulose. However, for a complete understanding, it is necessary to have information about all powdered cellulosic materials and the peculiarities of their preparation.
This paper provides an overview of powdered cellulosic materials, presents their characteristics, and describes the properties of the materials. It is shown that the morphology of its fiber, as well as the ratio of crystalline and amorphous regions of cellulose, has a significant effect on the properties of the material. Peculiarities of obtaining powdered cellulose materials are discussed, depending on the required properties, and existing research in the field of mechanical, chemical and enzymatic processing of cellulose is presented. The main areas of application of various powdered cellulose materials are described, as well as the current situation on the market, examples of both domestic and foreign manufacturers are given. The information on powdered cellulose materials is generalized, their classification is given, which is consistent with the modern concepts described in the scientific works of researchers from all over the world.
THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE FRACTIONS OF THE AERIAL PART OF CULTIVATED CHICORY AND THEIR ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
Authors: Saybel Ol'ga Leonidovna , Radimich Andrey Ivanovich , Adamov Grigoriy Vasil'yevich , Dargaeva Tamara Darizhapovna , Fadeev Nikolay Borisovich , Zelenkov Valeriy Nikolayevich , Lapin Anatoliy Andreyevich 
Published: January 2022

Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is a biennial or perennial herb of the Asteraceae family, growing in the Russian Federation under natural conditions in meadows, forest glades, grassy slopes, as well as on wastelands, fields, overgrown dumps and roadsides. Along with the wild-growing chicory, breeding varieties of cultivated plants are also known, intended for obtaining roots, while the aboveground part, which is a root rosette of leaves, is a production waste.
The purpose of this study was to study the qualitative composition and antioxidant properties of biologically active substances (BAS) of the aerial part of cultivated chicory and to assess the potential for using secondary raw materials of this plant in the pharmaceutical industry for obtaining medicines.
As a result of the study by HPLC-UV-MS / MS, it was found that the phenolic complex of the aerial part of the cultivated chicory is represented by phenol carboxylic acids - esters of caffeic, ferulic, coumaric acids with organic acids (quinic and tartaric) in various combinations; trace amounts of oxycoumarins (chicoriin); flavonoids (glycosides of quercetin, luteolin and isorhamnetin).
The study of the antioxidant properties of BAS fractions of different polarity showed that the ethyl acetate fraction has the highest activity. It was found that the main dominant compound of this fraction is cichoric acid, which suggests that it is this metabolite that makes a decisive contribution to the antioxidant activity of the fraction and the extract as a whole.
STUDY OF THE CONTENT OF ANTIOXIDANTS AND THEIR ACTIVITY IN CONCENTRATED EXTRACTS OF CRANBERRY (VACCINIUM OXYCOCCUS), SEA BUCKTHORN (HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES L.), BLACKBERRY (RUBUS FRUTICOSUS), VIBURNUM (VIBURNUM OPULUS L) AND MOUNTAIN ASH (SORBUS AUCUPARIA L.
Authors: Eremeeva Natal'ya Borisovna , Makarova Nadezhda Viktorovna 
Published: January 2022

Extracts and their concentrates can be considered as a source of biologically active ingredients of food products and as food additives to increase the consumption of useful substances of berries. The benefits gained from their use lead to the development of advanced technologies that can allow them to be extracted from the feedstock without significantly compromising the biological activity from the feedstock. In this paper, we studied the content of antioxidants and their activity in concentrated extracts of cranberry (Vaccinium Oxycoccus), sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), blackberry (Rubus fruticosus), viburnum (Viburnum opulus L.) and mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) berries. For all extracts, the total content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and anthocyanins, antioxidant activity according to the DPPH method and iron-reducing antioxidant activity (FRAP) were determined. Concentrated extracts of viburnum contain the largest amount of phenolic compounds (9.3±0.3 mol HA/l), flavonoids (1.96±0.08 mol K/l) and anthocyanins (0.26±0.02 mol CG/l) among the studied extracts. There is also a high total content of phenolic substances and flavonoids in blackberry and rowan extracts (5.7 mol HA/l, 1.33 mol K/l and 4.7 mol HA/l, 192 mol K / l, respectively). The antioxidant activity of the extract of viburnum berries showed a directly proportional dependence on the content of biologically active compounds in it: DPPH-method-2.4 mg / ml; FRAP-method-39.99 mmol Fe2+ / kg. Also, high levels were found in concentrated extracts of blackberries, sea buckthorn and mountain ash. It is the extracts of viburnum, blackberry and mountain ash that are recommended to be used in the production of food products to enrich them with biologically active substances and give them antioxidant properties. Cranberry and sea buckthorn extracts can be used in combination with other extracts.
LIPID COMPLEX FROM THE BROWN SEAWEED SARGASSUM PALLIDUM (TURNER) C. AGARDH AS A HYPOLIPIDEMIC AND ANTIOXIDANT AGENT FOR A HIGH FAT DIET IN EXPERIMENT
Authors: Fomenko Svetlana Evgen'yevna , Kushnerova Natal'ya Fedorovna , Sprygin Vladimir Gennad'yevich , Drugova Elena Sergeyevna , Merzluakov Valeriy Yur'yevich , Lesnikova Larisa Nikolayevna 
Published: January 2022

The object of the present study was a lipid complex isolated from the thallus of the brown seaweed Sargassum pallidum (Turner) C. Agardh (Sargassum pallidum). The lipid complex of S. pallidum included glycolipids in an amount of 35.1%, neutral lipids – 26.4%, phospholipids – 8.4%, as well as photosynthetic pigments – 30.1% of the total lipids. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was 63.5% of the total fatty acids, of which PUFAs of the n-6 family prevailed (46.5%), the amount of PUFAs of the n-3 family was 17%. Under conditions of fat load, the effect of the lipid complex of S. pallidum and the reference drug Omega-3 on the parameters of lipid metabolism and antioxidant protection in the blood plasma and liver of rats was studied. The fat load was carried out by feeding the animals for 30 days with a standard vivary diet with the addition of 2% cholesterol and 20% beef tallow of the total formulation. The addition of the S. pallidum lipid complex (1 g/kg of body weight) to the fat diet had a hypolipidemic effect, which manifested in the restoration of weight characteristics (body and specific liver’s weight), parameters of liver lipid metabolism (cholesterol, triacylglycerols, free fatty acids), esterifying function of the liver, as well as the content of lipoproteins in the blood plasma. The combined action of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs in the lipid complex of S. pallidum promoted the induction of enzymes of the glutathione circle, providing the antioxidant defense system of the organism. The lipid complex of the brown seaweed S. pallidum was not inferior to the reference preparation Omega-3 in restoration of lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system of animals on a high-fat diet, and even surpassed that in some parameters.
STUDY OF TECHNICAL CELLULOSE AS A MATRIX-SORBENT TO DEVELOP EXPRESS ANALYTIC SYSTEM FOR WATER SAFETY CONTROL
Authors: Maslakovа Tatiana , Vurasko Alesya , Pervova Inna , Maslakov Pavel , Aleshina Ludmila , Shapovalova Irina 
Published: January 2022

The study presented by the authors is devoted to the study of the properties and the possibility of using technical cellulose from non-wood plant raw materials as a solid-phase matrix to obtain solid-phase reactive indicator systems by the following methods: synthesis method on the base of a hetarylformazane immobilized on a cellulose matrix and development of analytical systems based on preconcentration of the determined metal ion by a matrix with subsequent its «revealing» by the formazan («revealing» method).
The article focuses on determination of optimal combinations of chromogenic organic reagents (hetarylformazanes) and cellulose-based matrices for developing solid-phase reaction-based indicator systems. Adsorption features of formazan reagents onto cellulose matrices was studied. It has been established the relation between the reagent molecule structure, composition of cellulose matrix and analytical properties of the test-systems synthesized to determine metal ions. Different approaches were developed and applied to reveal the visually observable and easily measured effect due to cellulose properties as well as properties of hetarylformazanes fixed on the surface of the matrix. This fact allows to control sensitivity and selectivity of solid-phase reactive indicator systems for water quality assessment.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SULPHATE WASTE LIQUOR AFTER SOAP EXTRACTION IN THE PRESENCE OF SURFACTANTS
Authors: Yakubova Ol'ga Sergeyevna , Demyantseva Elena Yur'yevna , Smith Regina Smith 
Published: January 2022

During the wood delignification a multicomponent spent liquor (black liquor) is formed. Depending on the type of wood, black liquor is enriched with valuable extractives. The isolation of extractives from processing liquors and their conversion into biologically active substances, tall products is according to development trend of pulp and paper industry. It includes the introduction of scientific based technologies in manufacturing processes with reference to modern environmental protection requirements. Now the extraction efficiency of sulphate soap does not exceed 75–80% whereby the quality of obtained soap is low. Sulphate soap, especially extracted after hardwood cooking, contains a large amount of impurities. This complicates the process of soap treatment into valuable biologically active substances (beta-sitosterol, etc.).
In the present work the addition of demulsifying and coagulating substances into the black liquor is proposed to intensify the hardwood sulphate soap extraction. The chemical colloidal characteristics of the obtained sulphate soap were investigated. Two critical micelle concentration (CMC) were found on the surface tension isotherms. The second critical micelle concentration (CMC2) in the concentration range of 0.9–1.0% CMC2 indicates the restructuring of micelles into a spherocylindrical shape. A comparative qualitative and quantitative analysis of the composition of sulfate soap obtained in industrial conditions and in the presence of selected additives in laboratory was carried out. Surfactants promote the extraction of phytosterol from black liquor obtained from hardwood species cooking. The influence of surfactant addition on the main physical and colloidal chemical characteristics of black liquor before and after isolation of sulphate soap is investigated. A decrease in viscosity and a de foaming of a black liquor solution is observed as a result of the addition of surfactant additives.
EXTRACTION OF FLAVONOIDS FROM KOENIGIA WEYRICHII USING DEEP EUTECTIC MIXTURE OF CHOLINE CHLORIDE + GLYCERINE
Authors: Tsvetov Nikita Sergeyevich , Korovkina Anna Viktorovna , Paukshta Oksana Ivanovna 
Published: January 2022

Koenigia Weyrichii (F. Schmidt) T.M. Schust. et Reveal, which grows on the Kola Peninsula, contains a significant amount of flavonoids in the aerial parts of the plant, rapidly builds up biomass, and is resistant to various climatic conditions. This makes K. Weyrichii a promising source of biologically active substances (BAS) in the Arctic zone. A relatively new method for extracting biologically active substances from plants is the use of deep eutectic solvents (DES), for example, a mixture of choline chloride with glycerol, which has shown high efficiency in the extraction of flavonoids from other plants. Previously, DES was not used for the extraction of biologically active substances from K. Weyrichii. The aim of this work is to evaluate the efficiency of ultrasonic extraction using traditional solvents (water, ethanol) and DES choline chloride + glycerol and to optimize the extraction conditions. Comparison of the total content of polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidative, and antiradical activity in various extracts is carried out. It was found that the most favorable conditions for extraction are: water content in DES – 17.5 wt%, temperature – 65 °C, and time – 3 hours. At the same time, under identical extraction conditions (temperature and time), more target substances can be extracted with 60% ethanol than with DES. However, DES can be seen as an alternative to using ethanol. The data obtained can be useful for the further development of innovative technologies of the extraction of biologically active substances from plant material. Also, K. Weyrichii may be considered as a source of biologically active substances in cosmetics and the food industry.
APLICAÇÃO DE FERRAMENTAS DA QUALIDADE EM UM DESVIO DE QUALIDADE NA INDÚSTRIA FARMACÊUTICA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Amorim Thais Santos , Garcia-Amoedo Luís Henrique 
Published: January 2022

Atualmente, devido à grande concorrência entre as indústrias, houve um aumento de demanda por produtos mais eficientes, seguros e com excelência em qualidade, gerando a necessidade de processos mais robustos e equipe qualificada e capacitada. Entretanto, desvios de qualidade podem ocorrer durante o processo produtivo, e as causas destes eventos devem ser identifi cadas e solucionadas, a fim de evitar repetições dos erros. O objetivo deste trabalho foi demonstrar por meio de um estudo de caso, a utilização prática das ferramentas da qualidade para identificar e solucionar um desvio de qualidade de comprimidos quebrados em uma indústria farmacêutica. Para identificação da causa raiz do desvio, organização e interpretação dos dados, foram utilizadas ferramentas da qualidade, tais como Diagrama de Pareto, Gráfico de Controle, Folha de Verifi cação e Diagrama de Ishikawa. Após a avaliação dos dados por meio destas ferramentas, foi possível concluir que a quebra dos comprimidos está relacionada com o resultado baixo do teste de dureza, e, portanto, foi sugerido à empresa fabricar os próximos lotes buscando a dureza próxima ou superior a 200 N, conforme histórico do produto. Sendo assim, as ferramentas da qualidade se mostraram essenciais para uma avaliação efetiva do desvio de qualidade.
IMPACTO DA PANDEMIA PELO NOVO CORONAVÍRUS NO PERFI L DE CONSUMO DE ANSIOLÍTICOS E ANTIDEPRESSIVOS NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA DO DISTRITO FEDERAL, BRASIL
Authors: Meira Kaic Leite , De Araújo Fernanda Junges , Rodrigues Rafael Cardinali 
Published: January 2022

A pandemia pelo novo Coronavírus proporcionou o aumento da vulnerabilidade psicossocial bem como o agravo das patologias preexistentes, como depressão e ansiedade. Neste sentindo, o objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 no consumo de ansiolíticos e antidepressivos na UBS 4 do Recanto das Emas – Distrito Federal. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, com corte transversal, que analisou o consumo de ansiolíticos e antidepressivos no período entre fevereiro a agosto de 2019 e 2020, utilizando o consumo médio mensal e o número de atendimentos. Além disso, verifi cou-se também as informações de sexo e idade para traçar um perfi l de consumo destes medicamentos. Dos 7 medicamentos avaliados, todos apresentaram um aumento no consumo em 2020, sendo este de 181,90%, 124,36%, 325,33%, 125%, 12,80%, 22,18% e 6,45% para a fl uoxetina 20mg, amitriptilina 25mg, Imipramina 25 mg, clomipramina 75 mg, diazepam 5 mg, clonazepam 2 mg e clonazepam 2,5 mg/mL respectivamente. Com relação ao perfi l encontrado, houve uma predominância do gênero feminino e da população com idade entre 20 a 59 anos, como consumidores majoritários desses medicamentos. De maneira geral, foi observado um grande impacto nos perfi s de consumo dos psicotrópicos no período de tempo avaliado.
Election preferences of the inhabitants of West Pomerania in local elections in the Third Republic of Poland
Authors: Chrobak Piotr 
Published: January 2022

Western Pomerania was said to be called as a stronghold of the left, for the Democratic Left Alliance both in the 1990s and at the beginning of the 21st century achieved some of the best results in the country. Only after the parliamentary and presidential elections in 2005 and the local government elections in 2006, the electoral preferences changed towards the center of the political scene. The Civic Platform of the Republic of Poland turned out to be the change, Law and Justice to a lesser extent.
The article presents a political analysis of the voting preferences of the inhabitants of West Pomerania in the local government elections with regard to the three mentioned parties. The aim of the research was to analyze the direction in which the electorate goes. It was checked whether the SLD was permanently eliminated and how strong the dominance of the PO was. Furthermore it was examined whether PiS is a real threat to the PO RP and whether the SLD has a chance to regain its lost position.
It seems that regardless of the attempts made, the position of the SLD after the 2006 elections is stable and there are no indications that the Alliance could dominate the analyzed region again. However, in spite of the fact that since 2006 the PO enjoys high support, since 2014 PiS has been achieving better and better results, depriving the PO RP hegemon in its position in 2006–2014.