bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Biodegradable Gelatin Substrate and its Application for Crack Suppression of Flexible Gelatin Resistive Memory Device
Authors: Chang Yu‐Chi , Liu Hao‐Jung , Lin Kai‐Wen , Huang Wei‐Yun , Hsu Ya‐Lan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this work, gelatin is used not only as a substrate for the memory device but also as the resistive layer. This lightweight gelatin substrate (GS) will retain all of the desirable properties of plastic substrates, with the added advantages of being renewable, biodegradable, and inexpensive. GS is totally degraded after 18 days, showing excellent biodegradability in dry soil that can reduce the environmental impact effectively. Moreover, due to the substrate and resistive layer used of the same materials, it can be observed by the scanning electron microscope analysis that the films on GS both have smooth interfaces regardless of the gelatin layer or Ag electrodes after bending 1000 cycles. A strong interfacial adhesion leads to an efficient stress transfer underload, resulting in better structural stability and bending performance of the In/gelatin/Ag/GS device than those of the In/gelatin/Ag/PET device. The In/gelatin/Ag/GS device shows a stable retention time of more than 103s and uniform current distribution, as well as the device with bending stress is capable to execute the ON/OFF ratio of over 104. This result exhibits the fabricating processes without a vacuum system and has broaden the application study of gelatin.
Interfacial Engineering to Construct Antioxidative Pd4S/Pd3P0.95 Heterostructure for Robust Hydrogen Production at High Current Density
Authors: Zhang Guofeng , Wang Aihua , Niu Liwei , Gao Wei , Hu Wei , Liu Zhenxian , Wang Ruiming , Chen Jianbin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe design of highly efficient and stable electrocatalysts for large‐current‐density hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) is an urgent need for commercial industrial electrolyzers. Herein, a novel heterostructure in the form of Pd4S/Pd3P0.95 is constructed through interfacial engineering, which inherits the intrinsic merits of individual components and exposes active sites. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the optimized heterostructure not only possesses the largest conductivity and adsorption energy for an oxygen atom, but also can significantly lower the kinetic energy barrier of water molecular dissociation. Accordingly, the optimized Pd4S/Pd3P0.95 heterostructure catalyst is promising for large‐current‐density HERs, requiring an overpotential of merely 284 and 387 mV to deliver an HER current density as high as 500 mA cm−2 in 0.5 m H2SO4 and 1 m KOH, respectively, which is superior to the benchmark 20% Pt/C (378 and 482 mV, respectively). Notably, the heterostructure catalyst runs smoothly to the current density of 1000 mA cm−2 with an overpotential of merely 538 and 486 mV in 0.5 m H2SO4 and 1 m KOH, respectively. Significantly, the heterostructure catalyst also exhibits fast reaction kinetics and remarkable long‐term durability. Moreover, the strong surface antioxidative ability is retained after a stability test in alkaline solution.
Worker and employer experiences with COVID‐19 and the California Workers' Compensation System: A review of the literature
Authors: Quigley Denise D. , Qureshi Nabeel , Gahlon Grace , Gidengil Courtney 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundGiven workplace risks from COVID‐19, California policymakers passed Senate Bill (SB) 1159 to facilitate access to workers' compensation (WC) benefits for frontline workers. However there has been no review of the available evidence needed to inform policy decisions about COVID‐19 and WC.MethodsWe conducted a literature review on worker and employer experiences surrounding COVID‐19 and WC, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.ResultsForty articles were included (16 about worker experiences and 24 about employer practices). Most were not about experiences and practices related to COVID‐19 and WC. Worker studies indicated that paid sick leave reduced new COVID‐19 cases and COVID‐19 activity. Studies also found that rural agricultural and food processing workers lacked sick leave protection and faced severe housing and food insecurity. Studies on workplace health and safety indicated that healthcare workers with access to personal protective equipment had lower stress levels. Studies about employer practices found that unrestricted work in high‐contact industries was associated with increased risks to at‐risk workers, and with health disparities. No studies examined worker COVID‐19 experiences and WC claims or benefits, job loss, retaliation, workers' medical care experiences, and return‐to‐work or leave practices.ConclusionsOur review identified experiences and practice related to COVID‐19 and the WC system, but not specifically about WC and COVID‐19 WC claims or benefits. Further research is needed to document and understand evidence underpinning the need for WC coverage for COVID‐19 and to evaluate the impact of the current SB 1159 bill on WC in California.
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is infrequent in individuals with heritable thoracic aortic disease despite partially shared genetic susceptibility
Authors: Murad Andrea M. , Hill Hannah L. , Wang Yu , Ghannam Michael , Yang Min‐Lee , Pugh Norma L. , Asch Federico M. , Hornsby Whitney , Driscoll Anisa , McNamara Jennifer , Willer Cristen J. , Regalado Ellen S. ,   GenTAC Investigators,   Montalcino Aortic Consortium Investigators, Milewicz Dianna M. , Eagle Kim A. , Ganesh Santhi K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSpontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a potential precipitant of myocardial infarction and sudden death for which the etiology is poorly understood. Mendelian vascular and connective tissue disorders underlying thoracic aortic disease (TAD), have been reported in ~5% of individuals with SCAD. We therefore hypothesized that patients with TAD are at elevated risk for SCAD. We queried registries enrolling patients with TAD to define the incidence of SCAD. Of 7568 individuals enrolled, 11 (0.15%) were found to have SCAD. Of the sequenced cases (9/11), pathogenic variants were identified (N = 9), including COL3A1 (N = 3), FBN1 (N = 2), TGFBR2 (N = 2), TGFBR1 (N = 1), and PRKG1 (N = 1). Individuals with SCAD had an increased frequency of iliac artery dissection (25.0% vs. 5.1%, p = 0.047). The prevalence of SCAD among individuals with TAD is low. The identification of pathogenic variants in genes previously described in individuals with SCAD, particularly those underlying vascular Ehlers–Danlos, Marfan syndrome, and Loeys–Dietz syndrome, is consistent with prior reports from clinical SCAD series. Further research is needed to identify specific genetic influences on SCAD risk.
Strengths and challenging behaviors in children and adolescents withPrader‐Willisyndrome: Two sides to the coin
Authors: Downs Jenny , Blackmore A. Marie , Chen Wai , Nixon Gillian M. , Choong Catherine S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrader‐Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder associated with emotional/behavioral disturbances. These difficulties are well documented in the literature, but the positive attributes of these individuals are not described. Taking a strengths‐based approach, the aim of this study was to describe the emotional/behavioral strengths and difficulties in children and young people with PWS from their parent caregivers' perspectives. Parent caregivers of 52 individuals with PWS aged 4–24 years (median = 12.1 years; including 22 males) completed the parent form of the Developmental Behavior Checklist (DBC‐P), including its original two open‐ended questions regarding positive traits. Prevalences of emotional/behavioral disturbances were comparable to those reported in previous literature: common behaviors of concern across studies being skin‐picking (75%), impulsivity (69%), poor sense of danger (67%), lying (67%), and tantrums (54%). Total DBC‐P scores showed that just over half (n = 28, 54%) had scores indicative of clinically significant behavior problems. However, thematic analysis of caregivers' written comments regarding their children's strengths resolved into three themes: warmth (94%), persistence (41%), and skills (41%). Warmth encompassed friendliness, happiness, and empathy. A strength‐based approach to behavioral difficulties in PWS provides a more balanced view of the children and a more holistic foundation for interventions.
Ecological momentary assessment of outcomes in allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis: A review
Authors: Schusteff Rachel A. , Chervinko Margaret A. , Nyenhuis Sharmilee M. , Lee Victoria S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAllergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) rely on patient‐reported symptoms and quality‐of‐life measures, which are subject to bias. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) captures data in real time through repeated short surveys, thus reducing errors/biases. EMA's use in sinonasal conditions has not been well described, and the goal of this study was to examine the literature on EMA and AR/CRS. MethodsA literature review was performed using the following search terms: AR, CRS, and EMA. Inclusion criteria were the use of EMA reporting of sinonasal symptoms at more than one time point. Systematic reviews and non‐full text articles were excluded. Population demographics, sinonasal disease, type of EMA platform used, type and severity of symptoms reported, medication use and symptom correlation with location/pollen/pollution were collected.ResultsEight studies met the inclusion criteria, and all focused on AR. All studies were conducted outside the United States in both children and adults. Seven studies used a smartphone application for reporting symptoms, and one used WeChat surveys. EMA data collection varied, with repetitive survey intervals determined either by patients (n = 6) or research team (n = 2). All studies reported sinonasal severity scores, while six reported additional symptoms (e.g., ocular, pulmonary, sleep, general health). Five collected self‐reported allergy medication use. Seven studies correlated symptoms with location, pollen, or pollution.ConclusionsFew studies in AR and no studies in CRS assessed the use of EMA. EMA may provide a better understanding of the real‐time relationship of environmental triggers with symptoms, in turn guiding treatment decisions.
Unifying Scheme for the Biosynthesis of Acyl‐Branched Sugars: Extended Substrate Scope of Thiamine‐Dependent Enzymes
Authors: Steitz Jan‐Patrick , Krug Leonhard , Walter Lydia , Hernández Karel , Röhr Caroline , Clapés Pere , Müller Michael 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThiamine diphosphate (ThDP) dependent enzymes are useful catalysts for asymmetric C−C bond formation through benzoin‐type condensation reactions that result in α‐hydroxy ketones. A wide range of aldehydes and ketones can be used as acceptor substrates; however, the donor substrate range is mostly limited to achiral α‐keto acids and simple aldehydes. By using a unifying retro‐biosynthetic approach towards acyl‐branched sugars, we identified a subclass of (myco)bacterial ThDP‐dependent enzymes with a greatly extended donor substrate range, namely functionalized chiral α‐keto acids with a chain length from C4 to C8. Highly enantioenriched acyloin products were obtained in good to high yields and several reactions were performed on a preparative scale. The newly introduced functionalized α‐keto acids, accessible by known aldolase‐catalyzed transformations, substantially broaden the donor substrate range of ThDP‐dependent enzymes, thus enabling a more general use of these already valuable catalysts.
Side‐Chain‐Tuned Molecular Packing Allows Concurrently Boosted Photoacoustic Imaging and NIR‐II Fluorescence
Authors: Zhu Yulin , Lai Hanjian , Guo Heng , Peng Dinglu , Han Liang , Gu Ying , Wei Zixiang , Zhao Duokai , Zheng Nan , Hu Dehua , Xi Lei , He Feng , Tian Leilei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIt is generally considered that photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and fluorescence imaging (FLI) cannot be enhanced concurrently, as they are dependent on competitive photophysical processes at the single‐molecule level. Herein, we reveal thatBDTR9‐OC8andBDTR9‐C8, which have identical π‐conjugated backbones but are substituted by side chains of different rigidity, show distinct phototheranostic properties in the aggregated state. The NIR‐II FLI and PAI brightness ofBDTR9‐C8nanoparticles are enhanced by 4.6 and 1.4 times compared withBDTR9‐OC8nanoparticles. Theoretical calculations and GIWAXS analysis revealed thatBDTR9‐C8with rigid side chains shows a relative amorphous condensed state, which will benefit the efficient transportation of photo‐generated excitons and phonons, subsequently enhancing the FLI and PAI signals. Besides, both nanoparticles exhibit excellent photothermal conversion efficiency due to their strong light‐harvesting capability and are considered effective photothermal therapy materials. This work provides an illuminating strategy for material design in the future.
Towards a local mass mortality of the Mediterranean orange coral Astroides calycularis (Pallas, 1766) in the Pelagie Islands Marine Protected Area (Italy)
Authors: Bisanti Luca , de Sabata Eleonora , Visconti Giulia , Chemello Renato 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

In late summer 2020, a widespread mortality event severely affected colonies of the Mediterranean endemic orange coral Astroides calycularis in the Pelagie Islands (Strait of Sicily, southern Mediterranean Sea).
The degree of the mortality impact at seven study sites of the archipelago (five within the Pelagie Islands Marine Protected Area) was quantified by estimating the proportion of affected colonies in populations of A. calycularis.
Five of the seven surveyed sites revealed a low degree of impact, but Punta Ruperta and Cala Creta (both on the island of Lampedusa) showed a medium impact with values of 32.3% and 30.5% of affected colonies respectively.
The 2020 mortality event coincided with a longer lasting and warmer anomalous summer period, with sea surface water reaching the highest temperatures recorded in the last decade across the archipelago.
Given the alarming climatic predictions for the near future, new mortality events could occur, causing potentially new local extinctions in the Mediterranean Sea. In this context, the role of marine protected area management becomes crucial to detect mortality events of vulnerable species.
Cs2CO3‐Promoted C−O Coupling Protocol Enables Solventless (Hetero)aryl Ether Synthesis under Air Atmosphere
Authors: Jiang Bowen , Chen Cheng , Fan Guang‐Gao , Sang Wei , Cheng Hua , Zhang Rui , Yuan Ye , Li Qi‐Zhong , Verpoort Francis 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this work, a Cs2CO3‐promoted synthetic approach was identified for (hetero)aryl ether synthesis via the C−O coupling of various (hetero)aryl chlorides and alcohols/phenol. To our delight, the reactions could be carried out under transition‐metal‐free and solvent‐free conditions. Moreover, analytical‐grade reagents and air atmosphere were readily tolerated. To showcase the practical usefulness of the present protocol, the assembly of a bioactive molecule was facilely realized and the gram‐scale production of selected ether products was also efficiently accomplished. In addition, density functional theory (DFT) studies, along with a few mechanistic experiments, were conducted to elucidate a proposed reaction pathway and rationalize the pivotal role of Cs2CO3 in promoting this process. Hopefully, this work could provide useful information for researchers who are engaging in C−O cross‐coupling reactions.
Heritability of social behavioral phenotypes and preliminary associations with autism spectrum disorder risk genes in rhesus macaques: A whole exome sequencing study
Authors: Gunter Chris , Harris R. Alan , Kovacs‐Balint Zsofia , Raveendran Muthuswamy , Michopoulos Vasiliki , Bachevalier Jocelyne , Raper Jessica , Sanchez Mar M. , Rogers Jeffrey 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNonhuman primates and especially rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) have been indispensable animal models for studies of various aspects of neurobiology, developmental psychology, and other aspects of neuroscience. While remarkable progress has been made in our understanding of influences on atypical human social behavior, such as that observed in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), many significant questions remain. Improved understanding of the relationships among variation in specific genes and variation in expressed social behavior in a nonhuman primate would benefit efforts to investigate risk factors, developmental mechanisms, and potential therapies for behavioral disorders including ASD. To study genetic influences on key aspects of social behavior and interactions—individual competence and/or motivation for specific aspects of social behavior—we quantified individual variation in social interactions among juvenile rhesus macaques using both a standard macaque ethogram and a macaque‐relevant modification of the human Social Responsiveness Scale. Our analyses demonstrate that various aspects of juvenile social behavior exhibit significant genetic heritability, with estimated quantitative genetic effects similar to that described for ASD in human children. We also performed exome sequencing and analyzed variants in 143 genes previously suggested to influence risk for human ASD. We find preliminary evidence for genetic association between specific variants and both individual behaviors and multi‐behavioral factor scores. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that spontaneous social behaviors performed by free‐ranging juvenile rhesus macaques display significant genetic heritability and then to use exome sequencing data to examine potential macaque genetic associations in genes associated with human ASD.
Non‐canonical bivalent H3K4me3K9me3 recognition by Spindlin1/C11orf84 complex
Authors: Du Yongming , Qian Chengmin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBivalent chromatin with active H3K4me3 and repressive H3K27me3 was initially identified in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to poise expression of developmental genes upon lineage commitment. Since then, many more different bivalent modifications have been demonstrated in both ESCs and fully differentiated cells. Bivalency not only spatiotemporally controls gene transcription but also acts to fine‐tune the level of transcription during development. Although increasing number of studies demonstrated the functional significance of bivalent chromatin, the molecular connection of bivalent chromatin and transcriptional regulation remains largely elusive. Recently, we showed Spindlin1/C11orf84 complex prefers to recognize the non‐canonical histone H3K4me3K9me3 bivalent mark, which is required for timely ribosomal RNA transcription. Here, we hypothesize the recognition of K4me3 and K9me3 at the same histone tail by Spindlin1/C11orf84 complex may serve as a general mechanism of conversion from a repressed to an active chromatin structure for transcriptional activation.
Mapping research on biochemistry education: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Barbosa Mayara Lustosa de Oliveira , Galembeck Eduardo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to map the research literature on Biochemistry education, covering the scientific production indexed on the Web of Science over the past 66 years. The open‐source Bibliometrix R‐package, an R‐tool, was used to carry out the bibliometric analysis. Our results describe (1) how many articles were published per year and what is the annual average growth rate; (2) which are the core journals, authors, and publications in the field; (3) which countries and funding agencies contribute most to the development of research in the area; (4) the leading collaborative research and co‐citation networks; (5) which articles were the most cited in the past 10 years; and (6) which are the trending topics in the field. Our main contribution is offering insights into the evolution of the field. Also, the use of a quantitative methodological design, which covers a large volume of publications, and could identify possible gaps in the area.
ZNF191 alters DNA methylation and activates the PI3K‐AKT pathway in hepatoma cells via transcriptional regulation of DNMT1
Authors: Liu Yufeng , Cheng Hanghang , Cheng Chenchen , Zheng Fengyun , Zhao Zhonghua , Chen Qi , Zeng Wenjiao , Zhang Pingzhao , Huang Cheng , Jiang Wei , Liu Xiuping , Liu Guoyuan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlteration of DNA methylation is an important event in pathogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 1, the foremost contributor in DNA methylation machinery, was revealed elevated in HCC and significantly correlates with poor prognosis. However, the transcriptional regulation of DNMT1 in HCC remains unknown.MethodsReal‐time PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect DNMT1 and zinc finger transcription factor 191 (ZNF191) expressions in HCCs. Transcription activity of DNMT1promoter was analyzed with Luciferase reporter activity assay. The binding capacity of ZNF191 protein to DNMT1 promoter was examined with chromatin immunoprecipitation‐qPCR (ChIP‐qPCR) and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). DNA methylation level of hepatoma cells was detected with Methylation array.ResultsZNF191 can regulate DNMT1 mRNA and protein expression positively, and increase the transcription activity of the DNMT1 promoter. ChIP‐qPCR and EMSA revealed that ZNF191 protein directly binds to the DNMT1 promoter at nt‐240 AT(TCAT)3TC. Moreover, DNMT1 and ZNF191 expression correlate positively in human HCCs. With methylation array, DNA methylation alteration was observed in hepatoma cells with ZNF191 knockdown, and the differential methylation sites are enriched in the PI3K‐AKT pathway. Furthermore, we proved DNMT1 contributes the effect of ZNF191 on hepatoma cell growth via the PI3K‐AKT pathway.ConclusionZNF191 is a novel transcription regulator for DNMT1, and the pro‐proliferation effect of ZNF191/DNMT1/p‐AKT axis in hepatoma cells implies that ZNF191 status in HCCs may affect the therapeutic effect of DNMTs inhibitors and PI3K inhibitors for precise treatment of the disease.
Crescent‐Shaped Carbazole Derivatives as Light‐Up Fluorescence Probes for G‐Quadruplex DNA and Live Cell Imaging
Authors: Kang Yongqiang , Wei Chunying 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn recent years, studies on the organic small molecule fluorescent probes targeting G‐quadruplexes have attracted a wide attention, because G‐quadruplexes play an important role in various biological functions. Herein, we reported three crescent‐shaped carbazole derivatives (4a–4c) and studied their interactions with the single‐stranded, duplex, G‐quadruplex and i‐motif DNA. Both 4b and 4c have an above 100 nm Stokes shift and low fluorescence intensity, moreover, they exhibit the stronger affinity to G‐quadruplex than to the other DNA structures. 4b with a cyanovinyl pyridine salt group displays a specific light‐up fluorescence response to G‐quadruplexes. FRET and CD results suggest that both 4b and 4c are able to improve the stability of G‐quadruplexes and maintain their topology, moreover, they induce G‐rich sequences (bcl‐2, HTG, and KSS) to fold into G‐quadruplexes in Na+/K+ free buffer. In addition, CLSM images suggest that 4b and 4c are mainly distributed in the mitochondrion of living HepG2 cells, and a weak fluorescence signal is also observed in the nucleus for 4c. Given that the two compounds have the larger association constants to G‐quadruplexes over to duplex and single‐stranded DNA, we speculate that the fluorescence signals in cells may mainly be attributed to the compound/G‐quadruplex DNA complexes.