bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STATUS KUALITAS AIR TANAH DI KELURAHAN PEDURENAN, KECAMATAN MUSTIKAJAYA, BEKASI TIMUR
Authors: Inggraini Maulin , Nurfajriah Siti , Andareas Pangeran 
Published: January 2022

Status of Ground Water Quality in The Village of Pedurenan, Mustikajaya District, East BekasiSanitation and poor hygiene practice and unsafe drinking water contributes to 88% of childhood deaths from diarrhea in worldwide. For children who survive often suffer from diarrhea contribute to nutritional problems, preventing children to be able to achieve their maximum potential. According to the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2013, the incidence and prevalence of diarrhea for all age groups in Indonesia is 3,5% and 7,0%. Respectively the incidence of diarrhea is closely associated with the quality of sanitation and groundwater used by society. This study aimed to determine the quality of water used for sanitation especially groundwater, in Sub Pedurenan, District Mustikajaya, East Bekasi. Results showed that groundwater quality inspection using the Most Probable Number (MPN) in RW 02, Village and District Pedurenan Mustikajaya, there were 4 samples were negative of coliform, and 25 coliform positive samples, with the highest number of 1100 cells / 100 mL. This indicates that ground water for sanitation and groundwater of sampling locations are generally contaminated by coliform bacteria.Keywords: groun water, coliform, diarrhea, water quality, MPN ABSTRAK Sanitasi dan perilaku kebersihan yang buruk serta air minum yang tidak aman berkontribusi terhadap 88% kematian anak akibat diare di seluruh dunia. Bagi anak-anak yang bertahan hidup, seringnya menderita diare berkontribusi terhadap masalah gizi, sehingga menghalangi anak-anak untuk dapat mencapai potensi maksimal mereka. Menurut hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2013, insiden dan prevalensi diare untuk seluruh kelompok umur di Indonesia adalah 3,5% dan 7,0%. Kejadian diare sangat erat kaitannya dengan kualitas sanitasi dan air tanah yang digunakan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas air yang digunakan untuk sanitasi serta air tanah khususnya di Kelurahan Pedurenan, Kecamatan Mustikajaya, Bekasi Timur. Hasil menunjukkah bahwa pemeriksaan kualitas air tanah menggunakan metode Most Probable Number (MPN) di RW 02 Kelurahan Pedurenan dan Kecamatan Mustikajaya, terdapat 4 sampel yang negatif coliform, dan 25 sampel positif coliform, dengan jumLah tertinggi 1100 sel/100 mL. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa air tanah untuk sanitasi dan air tanah di lokasi pengambilan sampel umumnya tercemar oleh bakteri coliform.Kata Kunci: Air tanah, coliform, diarrhea, Kualitas Air, MPN
PENGARUH WAKTU PERENDAMAN DALAM AIR, KADAR PATI DAN KADAR LIGNIN TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIK BAMBU AMPEL (Bambusa vulgaris Schard)
Authors: Abdurachman Abdurachman , Ismanto Agus 
Published: January 2022

The effect of immersion time in the water, starch and lignin content physical and mechanical properties of Ampel bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Schard)The studied effect of immersion time in the water on physical and mechanical properties of ampel bamboo had been studied at the Forest Products Research and Development Center Bogor. Round Bamboo of ampel species (Bambusa vulgaris Schard) a length of 50 cm was immersed in running water, stagnant and in the sludge for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Then the changes in starch and lignin content, physical and mechanical properties were evaluated. The physical properties studied were evaluated density and moisture content, while mechanical properties were bending and parallel tensile strength of fiber. The results showed that the media and immersion time significantly affect the density and moisture content, but did not affect the physical and mechanical properties. Increased starch content in a variety of treatments, especially on immersion in water, otherwise the lignin content decreases, causing a decrease in the nature of Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) and Modulus of Rupture (MOR). Immersion in stagnant water better than by soaking in the mud and in running water.Keywords: Bambusa vulgaris Schard, media, immersion time, physical and mechanical properties ABSTRAKPenelitian pengaruh waktu perendaman dalam air terhadap sifat fisik dan mekanik bambu ampel (bambusa vulgaris) telah dilakukan di Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan Bogor. Bambu bulat berukuran panjang 50 cm direndam dalam air mengalir, tergenang dan lumpur selama 7, 14, 21 dan 28 hari, kemudian diamati perubahan kadar pati,diuji sifat fisik dan mekaniknya. Sifat fisik yang diteliti adalah kerapatan dan kadar air, sedangkan sifat mekanik adalah keteguhan lentur dan tarik sejajar serat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media dan waktu rendaman berpengaruh nyata terhadap kerapatan dan kadar air, tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap sifat fisis dan mekanis bambu yang diteliti. Kadar pati meningkat pada berbagai perlakuan terutama pada rendaman dalam air mengalir, sebaliknya kandungan lignin menurun sehingga menyebabkan penurunan sifat Modulus elastisitas (MOE) dan keteguhan lentur maksimum (MOR). Perendaman dalam air tergenang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan cara perendaman dalam lumpur maupun dalam air mengalir.Kata kunci : Bambusa vulgaris Schard, media, waktu perendaman, sifat fisis dan mekanis
PERBANDINGAN HIDROLISIS ENZIMATIS DAN ASAM TERHADAP PATI JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays L.) DALAM PEMBUATAN GULA CAIR
Authors: Sutamihardja RTM , Azizah Mia , Mafiana Bekti Dwisepti 
Published: January 2022

Comparison Hydrolisis of Enzymatic and Acid of Sweet Corn Starch (Zea mays L.) in Liquid Sugar ProductionSweet corn starch (Zea mays L.) contains high carbohydrate that can be used for food and industrial purposes. Sweet corn starch can be used for liquid sugar as alternative sweetener by enzymatic or acid hydrolysis. The enzymatic hydrolysis was performed by treating the starch with alpha amylase for liquefaction and glucoamylase for saccharification, while acid hydrolysis was performed by mixing the starch with 1,0 N hydrochloric acid. According to the results, the yield of enzymatic hydrolysis is higher than acid hydrolysis. The highest yield of liquid sugar is 91,73% produced by enzymatic hydrolysis using alpha amylase 42µL and glucoamylase 42µL and 59,40% of reducing sugar. The yield of liquid sugar produced by acid hydrolysis using HCl 1,0 N is 78,55% and 31,48% of reducing sugar.Key words: Zea mays, starch, liquid sugar, hydrolisis of hydrochloric acid, hydrolisis of alpha amylase, hydrolisis of glucoamylaseABSTRAKPati jagung manis (Zea mays L.) mengandung karbohidrat cukup tinggi yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk bahan pangan dan industri. Pati jagung manis dapat diolah menjadi gula cair dan digunakan sebagai pemanis alternatif melalui hidrolisis pati baik secara enzimatis atau asam. Hidrolisis enzimatis melalui tahap likuifikasi menggunakan alfa amilase dan tahap sakarifikasi menggunakan glukoamilase. Hidrolisis asam dilakukan menggunakan asam klorida 0,1 N. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gula cair hasil hidrolisis enzimatis menghasilkan rendemen lebih tinggi dibandingkan hidrolisis asam. Rendemen gula cair paling tinggi dihasilkan pada proses hidrolisis enzimatis menggunakan alfa amilase 42µL dan glukoamilase 42µL sebesar 91,73% dengan nilai gula pereduksi sebesar 59,40%. Rendemen gula cair hidrolisis asam menggunakan HCl 1,0 N sebesar 78,55% dengan nilai gula pereduksi sebesar 31,48%.Kata kunci: Zea mays, pati, gula cair, hidrolisis HCl, hidrolisis enzim alfa-amilase, hidrolisis enzim glukoamilase
PENETAPAN NILAI KALORI DALAM BATUBARA DENGAN KALORIMETER PARR 6200
Authors: Istomo Finda Pratiwi , Tristiasti Ameylia 
Published: January 2022

Determining Calory Value of Coal With Calorimeter Parr 6200 Coal is a source of energy utilized by the process of making cement. This type of coal determines the quality and calorific value of the coal. Determination of calorific value on coal is done by using calorimeter. Coal types studied were A and B coal mixture with ratio 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50. The results showed that the mixture of A and B coal with a ratio of 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50 can be used for combustion in the manufacture of cement in the furnace because it has a calorific value above 6000 in accordance with the standards of the cement factory . Water content affects the calorific value of coal, the higher of moisture content, the lower the heating value.Keywords: Coal, Calorimeter, Heat valueABSTRAK Batubara merupakan sumber energi yang dimanfaatkan oleh proses pembuatan semen. Jenis batubara menentukan kualitas dan nilai kalor dari batubara tersebut. Penentuan nilai kalor pada batu bara dilakukan dengan menggunakan kalorimeter. Jenis batubara yang diteliti yaitu Campuran batubara A dan B dengan perbandingan 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, dan 50:50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa campuran batubara A dan B dengan perbandingan 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, dan 50:50 dapat digunakan untuk pembakaran dalam pembuatan semen di tanur bakar karena memiliki nilai kalori diatas 6000 sesuai dengan standar perusahan pabrik semen. Kadar air mempengaruhi nilai kalori batubara, yaitu semakin tinggi kadar air semakin rendah nilai kalor.Kata Kunci: Batu Bara, Kalorimeter, nilai kalor
Diagnostic accuracy of ‘modified’ Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) for Obstructive Apnea Syndromes in pediatric age
Authors: Spinuzza Paola , Giuliana Giovanna , Maniscalco Laura , Manzella Vincenza , Pizzo Giuseppe , Matranga Domenica , La Mantia Gaetano , Panzarella Vera 
Published: January 2022

Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs) characterized by total or partial collapse of the upper airways during sleep. The Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) is one of the most used and validated screening tools, but it lacks the comprehensive assessment of some determinants of OSAS, specifically anamnestic assessment and sleep quality. This lack with modified PSQ was addressed in a recent study which however had some limitations such as a small sample. This study aims to overcome these limitations by involving a larger sample. The modified PSQ was administered via a digital form to the parents of children (age range: 3–18 years) attending schools in Palermo (Sicily-Italy). For each item, added in the original PSQ, sensitivity and specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and positive and negative likelihood ratios were calculated. The highest sensitivity (71.4, 95% CI: 29,0; 96,3), in combination with the highest specificity (60.0, 95% IC: 51.9;67.6), was found for the Item 8 ('Does your child sweat at night?'). Furthermore the highest specificity (96.8 95% CI:92.8;98.9), in combination with the highest sensitivity (14.2, 95% CI: 0.3;57.8) was found for the Item 11 ('Does your child have confused awakenings, e.g., the child looks awake but confused, disoriented and sometimes aggressive?'). Compared to the previous study, this study highlights how other Items related to sleep quality can be essential for the diagnosis of OSAS. Although these results should be validated with clinical diagnoses, they suggest that including the factors discriminating sleep quality could further increase the efficiency and accuracy of PSQ.

KEYWORDS: paediatric Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders (SRBD); paediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (OSAS); Paediatric Sleep Question (PSQ); Di.Chir.On.S 2021
Effects of the number of removed lymph nodes on survival outcome in patients with sentinel node-negative breast cancer
Authors: Saputo Federica 
Published: January 2022

_Background_: Sentinel lymph node biopsy is the gold standard surgical technique for axillary staging in patients with clinically node-negative. However, it is still uncertain what is the optimal number of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) to be removed to reduce the false-negative rate. The aim of this study was to investigate whether patients with a single negative SLN have a worse prognosis than those with two or more negative SLNs.

_Methods:_ A retrospective review was conducted on a large series of SLN-negative breast cancer patients. Survival outcomes and regional recurrence rate were evaluated according to the number of removed SLNs. Secondly, the contribution of diferent adjuvant therapies on disease-free survival was explored. Statistical analysis included the chisquare, Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test, and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis.

_Results_: A total of 1080 patients were included in the study. A frst group consisted of 328 patients in whom a single SLN was retrieved, and a second group consisted of 752 patients in whom two or more SLNs were retrieved. There was no relevant diference in median DFS (64.9 vs 41.4) for SLN = 1 vs SLN > 1 groups (HR 0.76, CI 95% 0.39–1.46; p = 0.38). A statistically signifcant diference in mDFS was showed only for HT-treated patients who were SLN = 1 if compared to SLN > 1 (100.6 months versus 35.3 months).

_Conclusions: _There is likely a relationship between the number of resected SNL and mDFS. Our results, however, showed no relevant diference in median DFS for SLN = 1 vs SLN > 1 group, except for a subset of the patients treated with hormone therapy.
A Case Study of Students’ Barriers in Passive Voice Sentences
Authors: Zahratul Idami  , Pratiwi Diah Ayu Pratiwi 
Published: January 2022

This study was to find out the errors experienced by students in composing passive voice sentences. It also explained the factors that caused students' barriers in constructing passive voice sentences. This study focused on students' errors and bariers in constructing passive voice sentences in the form of Simple Present Tense, Simple Past Tense, and Present Future Perfect Tense. The research approach used was a qualitative method through a case study. The subject of this research was 12 students in class XII of SMKS Yaspenmas Sei Lepan. Data collection techniques were tests and interviews. The findings of this study were the types of student errors on omission 62.4%, misinformation 10.6%, misordering 27%. As well as the location of the error in the passive voice sentence in the form of Simple Present Tense in the use of to be 75%, past participle 100%, then the use of to be in the Simple Past Tense 95, 83% and past participle 64.6%, then the use of have in Present Future Perfect Tense 36.1%, been 100%, and past participle 33.3%. These errors were due to internal factors and external factors. The internal factors were students’ lack of interest in learning English as well as lack of vocabulary mastery and lack of understanding of grammar. The external factors were lack of parental attention, lack of supporting media in the learning process, inadequate school infrastructures, and the road to school was difficult to pass.
Polyphenols in Matily Herbal & Spices Boosts Antibodies in an Elderly Following COVID 19 Infections – A Case Study
Authors: Eapen John Thottukadavil 
Published: January 2022

An elderly patient had COVID-19 infection in August 2020 and started the home remedies treatment for the first 18 hours, followed by Azithromycin 250 mg for 6 days. The patient revered well, and the infection was confirmed by antibodies in the patient's serum. Later on, the patient was on Matily Herbal Drink and Matily Herbal & Spices Mix to avoid complications connected with COVID-19 re-infection. After completing 12 months of post COVID-19 infection, the antibodies were assessed to find the status. It was found to be increased in qualitative assessment. The quantitative assessment of antibodies showed a much higher value compared with individuals who had both the dose of vaccines and tested the blood after two weeks since the second dose of vaccine. We suggest that the increased antibodies could be because of the bioavailability of polyphenols present in the Matily Herbal Drink and Matily Herbal & Spices Mix.
Polyphenols inactivate COVID-19 virus and this may have helped the body to increase its antibody production. The bioavailability of polyphenols depends on various factors, including acidulants in the diet. Based on the present studies, we suggest India should have her own strategies to increase antibodies in the population instead of just following the norms laid by International Agencies for the booster dose of vaccine
Keywords: COVID-19, Matily Herbal Drink, Matily Herbal, Spices Mix
Характеристика підготовки початківців в інтелектуальних видах спорту та в шашках
Authors: Чижевська Надія , Шинкарук Оксана 
Published: January 2022

Анотація. В сучасному світі спостерігається тенденція до видового розширення інтелектуального спорту, який розглядають як інструмент розвитку дитини. Проте проблемним питанням залишається залучення дітей до занять інтелектуальними видами спорту для розвитку їхньої особистості і найбільш здібних з них до подальших занять на всіх рівнях спортивного удосконалення. Мета. Дослідити та визначити особливості відбору та підготовки початківців в інтелектуальних видах спорту, зокрема в шашках, шляхом аналізу практичного досвіду та нормативно-правових документів. Методи. Аналіз літературних джерел та даних мережі Інтернет; нормативно-правових документів (навчальні програми для ДЮСШ, СДЮСШОР ШВСМ з інтелектуальних видів спорту); опитування; систематизація; узагальнення, методи математичної статистики. Результати. Мінімальний вік зарахування вихованців до спортивних шкіл з інтелектуальних видів спорту – 6 років. Проте в окремих випадках за рішенням тренерської ради він може бути зменшений на 1–2 роки для учнів, які мають певні здібності, за наявності медичної довідки про стан здоров’я з визначенням рекомендацій до занять будь-яким видом спорту. Експертами визначено найбільш оптимальний вік початку занять інтелектуальними видами спорту, зокрема шашками, – 4–6 років. Необхідно зазначити, що 57 % дослідників визначили вік для початку занять шашками – 4 роки, 47 % – 5 років. Фахівці підкреслили тенденцію до омолодження початку занять спортом і підтвердили вплив інтелектуальних видів на ефективний розвиток дитини. Відмічено необхідність поетапного відбору здібних дітей та підлітків під час проведення різноманітних змагань, сеансів одночасної гри. У процесі первинного відбору обирають тести для оцінювання рівня інтелектуального розвитку, кмітливості та здатності до логічного мислення. Серед фізичних якостей провідне місце займає витривалість, яка впливає на результативність в інтелектуальних видах спорту, що обумовлено регламентом змагань. Виявлення задатків у ранньому віці дозволяє підвищити ефективність процесу відбору й орієнтації спортивної підготовки в інтелектуальних видах спорту та шашках зокрема.
Ключові слова: інтелектуальні види спорту, шашки, початківці, підготовка.
Mumarasah al-Ta'lim al-Musagar li Tarqiyah Maharah al-Kalam fi Syu'bah Ta'lim al-Lugah al-Arabiyah
Authors: Konita Ana , Fadoli Ahmad Kamil 
Published: January 2022

As it is known that micro-teaching at the Islamic University of Jember is carried out through "youtube" during the Covid-19 pandemic, but the learning process cannot be separated from challenges and problems. A qualitative descriptive approach was used in this study. Collecting data by observation, interviews, and documentation. and data analysis used by Mills and Huberman three methods, namely data reduction, presentation, and inference. This study aims to describe the application of micro-teaching practices to improve speaking skills in Arabic education study programs during the pandemic. The results showed that the practice of micro-teaching at the Islamic University of Jember was carried out through "youtube" during the Covid 19 pandemic. The challenge is that qualified teacher candidates must be able to adapt to all circumstances so that education continues, while one of the obstacles is that some students find it difficult to the learning process because the process is through technology.
COVID-19 Pandemisi Sürecinde Bireylerin Beslenme Davranışlarının ve Ortorektik Eğilimlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Özpak Akkuş Özlem , Asil Esma , Yılmaz Mustafa Volkan 
Published: January 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışma, pandemi sürecinin ortoreksiya nervoza (ON) üzerindeki etkilerinin anlaşılabilmesi amacıyla, ON eğilimi olan bireyler ile ilişkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi ve bu bireylerin yeme davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Bireyler ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışma çevrimiçi olarak hazırlanmış anket yardımıyla 19 yaş üzeri, kronik hastalığı ve COVID-19 öyküsü olmayan, gönüllü 699 yetişkin bireyin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Oluşturulmuş anket formunda bireylere ilişkin bazı genel bilgiler ve antropometrik ölçümler ile beslenme alışkanlıklarına ilişkin bilgiler toplanmıştır. Ayrıca ORTO-15 ölçeği ile bireylerin ortorektik eğilimleri belirlenmiştir. Araştırma verileri SPSS programında değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya %21.7’si erkek, %78.3’ü kadın olmak üzere toplam 699 birey dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin %68.2’sinde ortorektik eğilim saptanmış olup, erkeklerde (%75), çalışanlarda (%76.6), lisansüstü mezunlarında (%79.5) ve normal vücut ağırlığına sahip olanlarda (%76.1) ortorektik eğilimin daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Ortorektik eğilimin tüketilen yiyecek miktarı, evde yemek yeme sıklığı, yemek siparişi verme sıklığı, vitamin ve mineral tüketimleri, ana ve ara öğün tüketimleri gibi bazı beslenme alışkanlıklarını etkilemediği bulunmuştur (p>0.05). Yapılan regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre bireylerin ortorektik skor puanını, süt-yoğurt, tavuk ve şeker tüketiminde yaşanan değişimlerin arttırdığı saptanmıştır (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde bireylerin yüksek düzeyde ortorektik eğilime sahip oldukları ve bu eğilimin yüksek eğitim seviyesine sahip ideal vücut ağırlığına yakın olan bireylerde daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir. Pandemi gibi stresin fazla olduğu dönemde gelişen yeme bozuklukları uzun vadeli olabileceği için bu beslenme bozukluklarının zamanında teşhis edilmesi ve bireylere bu konuda gereken beslenme tedavisinin verilmesi önemlidir.
Economic Assessment of Power Grid Development Using Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
Authors: Afandi Arif Nur , Wibawa Aji P. , Patmantara Syaad , Fujita Goro , Hani Slamet , Sulistyowati Yunis 
Published: January 2022

The electricity system is generally rapidly developing for covering various power demands with requiring a reliable and safe supply where the substructures are expanding further in generation systems, transmission systems, and distribution systems. However, the system must be run economically to access energy at a cost-effective level related to existing energy enterprises and energy consumption in the load which is represented periodically in the total costs of operations for all operating units. As a basis for its determination, the transmission of economic power within the technical limits applicable is taken into consideration. Environmental factors, on the other hand, are also an impediment to technical limitations. As a result, the operation's economic measure is expressed in the process of providing and selling energy to customers. These works use the Artificial Bees Colony algorithm to determine the scheduling of generating units using the basic principle of optimization to describe its relationship as an economic function. The IEEE-30 bus system is used as a basic model for system development. The analysis' findings show that the weighting factor scheme has an impact on the minimum total cost and that the combination of the electricity distribution process and environmental factors has implications for the operational financial condition and electricity production. The power output, in particular, is proportional to the cost of each generating unit.