bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The associations between lifestyle factors and mental well‐being in baccalaureate nursing students: An observational study
Authors: Lee Charlotte T. , Ting Grace K. , Bellissimo Nick , Khalesi Saman 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLifestyle factors are modifiable habits that shape the way in which individuals live their lives and can influence mental health. This study examined the associations between lifestyle factors and mental well‐being among baccalaureate nursing students at one Canadian university. A cross‐sectional, observational online survey was distributed at one urban university campus in Ontario, Canada. Baccalaureate nursing students (n = 147) completed the survey containing questions for demographic variables, sleep quality, dietary pattern, alcohol use, physical activity, sitting time, cigarette smoking, depression, anxiety and stress. Linear regression analysis revealed that more sitting time, poor sleep quality, and low dairy consumption were associated with higher scores in depression, anxiety, and psychological stress. In conclusion, poor lifestyle behaviors such as sedentary lifestyle, poor sleep, and low dairy consumption may reduce the mental well‐being of baccalaureate nursing students. Future efforts should aim to establish a causal relationship between lifestyle and mental well‐being, which would contribute to the development of lifestyle interventions to promote mental health.
Alcohol intake, beverage type, and lung function: a multicohort study of Chinese adults
Authors: Wang Dongming , Cao Limin , Zhou Min , Ma Jixuan , Wang Bin , Yuan Jing , Chen Weihong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe aimed to investigate whether alcohol intake contributes to lung function levels and which beverage type may have an effect. We investigated 3742 participants from the Wuhai‐Zhuhai Cohort and 12,526 participants from the Dongfeng‐Tongji Cohort, and they were followed up for 3 and 5 years, respectively. Information on the type and daily amount of alcohol intake was collected through face‐to‐face interviews. Lung function was measured by trained physicians using electronic spirometers. Compared with nondrinkers, moderate alcohol intake was significantly associated with a 70.03 and 74.92 mL increase in FEV1 and FVC, respectively (P < 0.05), after adjusting for covariates. With regard to beverage type, red wine was associated with a 105.31 and 98.91 mL increase in FEV1 and FVC, respectively (P < 0.05). Moderate alcohol intake was also associated with a 53.37 and 66.17 mL increase in FEV1 and FVC for liquor, respectively, and a 106.90 and 103.62 mL increase for red wine (all Ps < 0.05). In the longitudinal analyses, moderate alcohol intake and red wine were associated with a 67.77 and 103.77 mL increase in FVC, respectively (P < 0.05). Moderate alcohol intake is associated with increased lung function, especially for red wine. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential mechanism.
Expression of Mucin1 in saliva in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders (case control study)
Authors: Abdelwhab Amira , Shaker Olfat , Aggour Reham Lotfy 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesOverexpression of mucin1 is found in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tissues compared with adjacent non‐neoplastic tissues and higher levels are associated with metastasis and invasion. The expression level of mucin1 in saliva of normal individuals, oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and its correlation to clinical and histological variables was evaluated.Subjects and MethodsForty oral potentially malignant disorders, 40 oral squamous cell carcinoma subjects, and 20 age matched‐controls were included. Stimulated salivary samples were collected from all participants, and mucin1 expression was measured by real‐time PCR.ResultsMucin1 expression in saliva was significantly elevated in oral potentially malignant disorders when compared with controls. Similarly, mucin1 expression was significantly elevated in oral squamous cell carcinoma group when compared with oral potentially malignant disorders and controls. Mucin1 expression in OSCC patient showed significant positive correlations with T classification and distant Metastasis. Mucin1 expression in oral potentially malignant disorders patients showed significant positive correlations with degree of dysplasia.ConclusionsThe expression level of mucin1 in saliva might be a potential biomarker for diagnosing oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Repolarization abnormalities unmasked with a 252‐lead BSM system in patients with ARVC and healthy gene carriers
Authors: Kommata Varvara , Sciaraffia Elena , Blomström‐Lundqvist Carina 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground: Diagnosing arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) at an early stage can be challenging even after ECG recording and a combination of several imaging techniques. The purpose of this study was to explore if a body surface mapping (BSM) system with 252‐leads could identify repolarization abnormalities and thereby diagnose early stages of ARVC.Methods: ARVC patients, gene carriers without signs of ARVC and controls underwent a 12‐lead resting ECG, signal‐averaged ECG, echocardiography, 24‐hours Holter monitoring, and BSM with electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI). All 252‐leads, divided into four quadrants of the vest, were analyzed regarding concordances between T wave polarity and QRS main vector.Results: Of 40 patients included there were 12 ARVC patients, 20 gene carriers, and 8 controls. The ARVC patients had two different repolarization patterns, one with more pronounced negative T waves at the lower left panel and another with mixed changes that clearly differed from the controls, all of whom had a normal 12 lead ECGs and consistent repolarization patterns on their BSM recordings. The patterns observed in ARVC patients were also present in 5/20 (25%) gene carriers, three of whom had normal resting ECG. A novel repolarization index successfully detected all ARVC patients and 88% of gene carriers with pathologic repolarization pattern.Conclusions: The finding that abnormal repolarization patterns could be unmasked by BSM in 25% of healthy gene carriers, suggests that it may potentially be a useful tool for identifying early manifestations of ARVC. Further and larger studies are warranted to assess its diagnostic accuracy.
Allergy in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD)‐11
Authors: Tanno Luciana Kase , Demoly Pascal 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe International Classification of Diseases (ICD) provides a common language for use worldwide as a diagnostic and classification tool for epidemiology, clinical purposes, and health management. The change in the hierarchy in ICD‐11 permitted the construction of the pioneer section addressed to allergic and hypersensitivity conditions (A/H), which may result in more accurate mortality and morbidity statistics, including more accurate accounting for mortality due to anaphylaxis, strengthen classification, terminology, and definitions. The ICD‐11 was presented and adopted by the 72nd World Health Assembly in May 2019, and the implementation is ongoing worldwide. The Montpellier World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre on Classification Scientific Support was designated in 2018 and is responsible for supporting the WHO through representing A/H in the international classifications and quality care of patients from the public health perspective.
New opportunities with biologic treatments in pediatric allergic and respiratory diseases
Authors: Tenero Laura , Piacentini Giorgio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn the last 20 years, the introduction of monoclonal antibodies has dramatically changed allergic diseases. At present, several monoclonal antibodies are approved for treating asthma, atopic dermatitis, chronic spontaneous urticaria, and chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps in children.Biologics have also changed the management of these diseases in the pediatric population, tending toward personalized medicine based on the type‐2 inflammatory pattern.
Type 2 inflammation in cystic fibrosis: New insights
Authors: Manti Sara , Parisi Giuseppe Fabio , Papale Maria , Marseglia Gian Luigi , Licari Amelia , Leonardi Salvatore 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecently, type 2 inflammation has been recognized as one of the most critical factors participating in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis (CF). On the one hand, type 2 inflammation restores tissue homeostasis and contributes to the resolution of inflammation following an injury. On the other hand, type 2 response‐activated immune cells may become dysregulated or chronically activated, causing tissue fibrosis. Among the type 2 cytokine‐driven inflammatory pathways, the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), interleukin (IL)‐17, IL‐33, and IL‐13 have been identified as essential mediators in patients suffering from CF. Given their critical role, we firmly believe that an adequate comprehension of the type 2‐mediated pathways can identify attractive targets to decrease pharmacologically the inflammation and fibrosis occurring in the pulmonary tissue of patients suffering from CF.
Spread of multiple SARS‐CoV‐2 lineages April‐August 2020 anticipated the second pandemic wave in Lombardy (Italy)
Authors: Tallarita Monica , Giardina Federica , Novazzi Federica , Gaiarsa Stefano , Batisti Biffignandi Gherard , Paolucci Stefania , Rovida Francesca , Piralla Antonio , Baldanti Fausto 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDuring the early phase of the pandemic (20 February–4 April 2020), we have investigated the temporal and geographical evolution of the virus in Lombardy showing the circulation of at least seven lineages distributed differently in the Region. In the present study, the molecular epidemiology of SARS‐CoV‐2 was monitored in a period between two pandemic waves in order to track the circulation of new variants (April‐August 2020). A great majority of SARS‐CoV‐2 strains (70.8%) belonged to lineages B, B.1, B.1.1 and B.1.1.1, and five strains belonging to four lineages were already reported in Italy (B.1.1.148, B.1.1.162, B.1.1.71, and B.1.425). In addition, 21 SARS‐CoV‐2 strains belonged to six lineages not previously observed in Italy were detected. No variants of concern were observed. A total of 152/1274 (11.3%) amino acid changes were observed among spike gene sequences and only 26/152 (17.1%) occurred in the receptor‐binding domain region of the spike protein. Results of this study are indicative of ongoing transmission throughout the lockdown period, rather than re‐introduction of novel lineages past lockdown. The use of molecular epidemiology in Italy should be promoted in order to provide additional understanding of the transmission of the disease and to have major effect on controlling the spread of disease.
Molecular markers to devise predictive models for juvenile selection in Hevea rubber
Authors: Priyadarshan Padmanabhan Mallinath 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNatural rubber is extracted from the Hevea tree, through shaving the bark. As a major raw material source for many industries especially the tyre sector, Hevea rubber clones are intensively cultivated in the tropics. The world production of Hevea rubber is almost 13.64 million metric tonnes, and the productivity is around 1200 kg ha−1. However, the field production achieved so far is still well below the theoretical yield estimated (7000–12,000 kg ha−1). Even though this is a calculated estimate, efforts can be kept live to achieve this target, because Hevea rubber is being increasingly cultivated under several suboptimal environments after the 1980s. In this era of climate change, newer biotic and abiotic stresses encounter Hevea rubber culture that demands new clones at definite intervals. Hence, like any other species, Hevea rubber breeding is a continuous process in quest of new clones achieved through exploiting new sources of genetic variation. Hevea rubber breeding is to produce high‐yielding clones with good timber value. First priority is to explore and exploit genetic variation in clones, half‐sib, full‐sib and illegitimate (open‐pollinated) seedlings, where dry rubber yield and wood volume are the target traits. Next is to maximize genetic gains per unit time, through understanding juvenile–mature correlations and to practice selection of high‐yielding genotypes at the juvenile stage. Hevea rubber had a long breeding cycle of 33 years but could be reduced to 17 years after culling non‐essential steps of deriving clones. However, this could be reduced to 10 years, if a DNA marker‐assisted selection system is applied to seedlings. This system must also ensure significant juvenile–mature correlations on yield. This is a formidable task because under given circumstances, such a correlation is almost absent. However, this can be turned into a reality through employing yield‐related DNA markers with genomic selection (GS). The impact of DNA markers linked with REF, SRPP, acetyl‐CoA acetyltransferase, HMGS, HMGR and JAZ need to be specifically evaluated. GS that aims to improve quantitative traits by using genome‐wide marker data without requiring identification of markers associated with quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of interest can be used in Hevea also. Subsequently, by a predictive model, genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) can be calculated for untested individuals from a ‘testing population’. GS captures the total additive genetic variance with genome‐wide marker coverage and effect estimates. Therefore, selection of an individual without phenotypic data can be performed based on the individual's predicted breeding value. This review makes an assessment of the molecular markers in Hevea rubber and aims to streamline an efficient selection system to be applied onto seedlings through GS that owes a significant correlation with the mature phase.
Possible roles of insoluble proanthocyanidin in Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) leaves
Authors: Suzuki Tatsuro , Oki Nobuhiko , Sugawara Terumi , Katsu Kenjiro , Aii Jotaro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInsoluble proanthocyanidins are reported as plant defence compounds against herbivorous insects. This is the first report to demonstrate the occurrence of insoluble proanthocyanidins in plants of the Polygonaceae family. In this study, we identified a mutant Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) cultivar, ‘Hokkai T10’, that lacks insoluble proanthocyanidins accumulation in leaves and shows a role in defence against common cutworm (Spodoptera litura Fabricius). We did not detect insoluble proanthocyanidins in p‐dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde stain in ‘Hokkai T10’. The expression of the trait should be regulated by at least one recessive gene named iPA. The leaves of ‘Hokkai T10’ were ingested in larger amount by S. litura than the wild type. This fact supports the hypothesis that insoluble proanthocyanidins have a role in protection against insects. This is the first report to demonstrate a resistance role of insoluble proanthocyanidins using insect preference. In addition, the germination rate of ‘Hokkai T10’ was significantly higher than wild type; indicating to show firstly the effects of insoluble proanthocyanidins on seed germination.
Tablet personal computer distraction during intravenous placement for young children in the pediatric emergency department: A pilot study
Authors: Lee Ha Ni , Hwang Soyun , Jung Jae Yun , Park Joong Wan , Kim Do Kyun , Kwak Young Ho 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntravenous (IV) placement is a common procedure experienced by children visiting the pediatric emergency department (PED). However, uncontrolled anxiety and pain cause children to interfere with the procedure. In this pilot study, we sought to evaluate the effectiveness of tablet personal computers as a distraction method during IV placement.MethodsThis is a single‐center pilot study conducted at a tertiary teaching hospital. Children visiting the PED were eligible if they were aged 3–5 years and required IV placement during the PED visit. After written consent was obtained from the guardian, the child was randomly assigned to a control group or an intervention group. For the intervention group, an animated video was played via tablet PC during IV placement. For both groups, children’s anxiety, heart rate, and pain scale scores (the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability and Evaluation Enfant Douleur) and guardian satisfaction were recorded.Results22 children were eligible for the final analysis. There was no significant difference in the pain scale scores between the two groups, with the exception of the degree of pain relief after the procedure measured using Evaluation Enfant Douleur (intervention group: 6.0, interquartile range (IQR): 4.2–6.8, and control group; 3.0, IQR: 2.0–3.8, P = 0.011) and Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (intervention group: 4.0, IQR: 4.0–4.2 and control group; 3.0, IQR: 1.5–3.5, P = 0.043).ConclusionIn this pilot study, distraction using tablet personal computers may have reduced children's distress during the recovery phase after venipuncture. Further study with a larger sample size and different methods of distraction is essential.
Increasing trends in hemodialysis and living donor kidney transplantation for children and young people in the United Kingdom
Authors: Mudalige Nadeesha Lakmal , Sun Kristi , Plumb Lucy , Casula Anna , Evans Katharine M. , Inward Carol , Marks Stephen D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe UK Renal Registry is responsible for the national collection and reporting of data on all children receiving long‐term kidney replacement therapy [KRT], including kidney transplantation.MethodsAll 13 UK pediatric nephrology centers contributed to providing individual patient data from the pediatric population incident to and prevalent to KRT as per the date 31 December 2018. Data for children aged 16–<18 years were presented separately as some were managed under adult care settings with different methods of data collection. Demographics and biochemical data, including kidney function and prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors [hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, BMI] were reported.ResultsEight hundred and twenty‐six children (65.4 per million age‐related population [pmarp]) and 199 young people (139.4pmarp) in the United Kingdom were prevalent to KRT on 31 December 2018. Overall, the incidence of KRT during 2018 was 9.1 pmarp and 12.6 pmarp in children and young people, respectively. Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) were the most prevalent primary diagnoses (52%). Living and deceased donor transplantation was the most common treatment modality (78%). Patients on dialysis had lower age standardized mean height and weight ranges recorded in comparison to transplant patients [median height z score −1.8 vs. −1.1]. 73.1% patients had one or more cardiovascular disease risk factors.ConclusionsThis study highlights increasing prevalence of hemodialysis and living donor transplantation as modalities for KRT. Of those incident to KRT, the highest patient survival was seen among 8–12 years and lowest <2 years. Moreover, there was a demographic shift from Caucasian toward Asian/other ethnicity and from CAKUT to other primary kidney diseases.
Cardiovascular effects of intravenous pimobendan in dogs with acute respiratory acidosis
Authors: Itami Takaharu , Hanazono Kiwamu , Makita Kohei , Yamashita Kazuto 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveAcidosis decreases myocardial contractile and myofibrillar responsiveness by reducing the calcium sensitivity of contractile proteins, which could reduce the effectiveness of pimobendan. We aimed to assess the cardiovascular effects of pimobendan in dogs subjected to acute respiratory acidosis.DesignRandomized crossover study with a 2‐week washout period.SettingUniversity Laboratory.AnimalsSix healthy research Beagle dogs.InterventionsAnesthetized dogs were administered 2 doses of IV pimobendan during conditions of eucapnia (Paco2 35–40 mm Hg) and hypercapnia (Paco2 90–110 mm Hg). Eucapnia was maintained by positive pressure ventilation and hypercapnia was induced by adding exogenous CO2 to the anesthesia circuit. Heart rate (HR), systemic arterial blood pressure, cardiac output (CO), systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance (SVR and PVR, respectively), and pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) were measured at baseline and 60 min after administering 0.125 mg/kg (low) and 0.25 mg/kg (high) pimobendan intravenously. Blood gas and biochemical analyses were performed at baseline and at the end of the experiment.Measurements and Main ResultsThe median baseline blood pH was 7.41 (range: 7.33–7.45) and 7.03 (range: 6.98–7.09) under conditions of eucapnia and hypercapnia, respectively. The serum concentrations of epinephrine and norepinephrine and the HR, CO, and PAP were higher, and SVR was lower at baseline in hypercapnic dogs. Pimobendan dose‐dependently increased CO in eucapnia (baseline: 3.6 ± 0.2 L/kg/m2 [mean ± SE], low: 5.0 ± 0.4 L/kg/m2, high: 5.8 ± 0.5 L/kg/m2, P < 0.001) and hypercapnia (baseline: 4.9 ± 0.5 L/kg/m2, low: 5.8 ± 0.5 L/kg/m2, high: 6.2 ± 0.5 L/kg/m2, P < 0.001), and increased HR and decreased SVR and PVR under both conditions (P < 0.001). In hypercapnia, the degree of increase or decrease of these cardiovascular measurements (except for PAP) by pimobendan was less than that in the eucapnic dogs.ConclusionsPimobendan maintains function as an inodilator in anesthetized dogs with induced respiratory acidosis.
Breast milk contains red cell isohaemagglutinins: An observational study of 176 mothers
Authors: Kumar Snehil , Rasalam Jess Elizabeth , David Velukaran Therese , Yenuberi Hilda , Amalraj Pushpanathan , Jeyaseelan Lakshmanan , Regi Annie , Abraham Anuja , Beck Manisha Madhai , Mathews Jiji , Kumar Manish , Santhanam Sridhar , Daniel Dolly 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMaternal antibodies are transferred to the child, predominantly IgG, via the transplacental route, and mostly IgA through breast milk. Cases reported by us and others have shown the transfer of red cell allo‐antibodies through breast milk. This study was conducted to assess the presence of isohaemagglutinins in breast milk, the range of titres, and the correlation between breast milk and maternal plasma titres.Materials and MethodsA total of 176 mothers were recruited in this study. Breast milk was collected after sufficient feeding was established and within 2–5 days of delivery in a sterile container without any anticoagulant. Antibody screen, identification and titres were performed on maternal plasma as well as breast milk.ResultsAnti‐A and anti‐B in breast milk corresponding to their respective maternal blood groups were found in all the samples. This study has shown titres in the breast milk of anti‐A and anti‐B ranging from 2 to 1024 in both saline and Coombs phases. There was no association between plasma and breast milk titres, thus making it impossible to predict which mother may potentially transfer a larger amount of these haemagglutinins. Isotypes of anti‐A and anti‐B were evaluated in both plasma and breast milk of 11 samples, which showed predominantly IgG in 7 (63.63%) and predominantly IgA in 4 (36.36%) samples.ConclusionOur study demonstrates the presence of a wide range of titres for IgG antibodies of the ABO blood group system in breast milk. The clinical impact of this finding needs to be studied further, as it assumes great relevance in developing countries where anaemia continues to challenge young infants.