bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental role in paediatric cancer treatment decision making at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: Mixed method study
Authors: Betemariem Daniel , Deribe Leul , Hailu Aklil , Adam Haileyesus , Lindström Nataliya Berbyuk 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Preferences for parent involvement in treatment decision-making vary between passive, collaborative, and active, depending on different factors. This study explores the parental role in pediatric cancer treatment decision-making (TDM) in Ethiopia and identifies the factors which determine this role.
Methods
The study combines a cross-sectional survey and a phenomenological interview study. In total 167 parents of children with cancer participated in the survey. Control Preference Scale for Pediatrics (CPS-P) and Krantz Health Opinion Survey (KHOS) were used to measure parentalTDMroles. In addition, 11 interviews with selected parents were conducted. Logistic regression and thematic analysis were used for quantitative and qualitative components.
Results
The Ethiopian parents preferred a passive role in TDM. Trust in health care providers and parental information preferences were statistically significant predictors of the passive parental role. Parental decision-making was associated with the quality of the parent-healthcare provider relationship, the child's clinical condition, parental beliefs towards TDM, and knowledge about cancer disease.
Conclusions
The study contributes insights into the parental role in TDM in Ethiopian pediatric oncology care, which has not been explored before. Parents’ preferences in TDM are essential for Ethiopian healthcare providers to consider in order to align expectations in communication and make patients' voices heard. The findings emphasize the importance of enhancing more active parental TDM by facilitating educational sessions for parents, developing guidelines for parental education, and providing information about cancer to people from different parts of the country.
Beyond Heroism: A Qualitative Study on the Lived Experiences of Nurses Caring for Patients with COVID-19 in Pakistan
Authors: Afzal Mahreen , Rashid Muhammad Abo ul Hassan , Fischer Florian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Healthcare professionals around the globe suffered a lot during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aims to explore the lived experiences of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients in Pakistan.
Methods
The study is qualitative in nature to explore the lived experiences caring for the patients with Covid-19 in Pakistan. This research was conducted in two government hospitals of Pakistan. Face to face in-depth interviews were conducted among 30 nurses who were selected for face-to-face in-depth interviews by using purposive sampling technique. Thematic analysis was applied to extract the themes out respondent’s answers.
Results
By using the thematic analysis, social response, impact on physical and mental health, and experience of handling COVID-19 patients were extracted as major themes.
Conclusions
The findings of this research are of immense importance to show the impact of COVID-19 on mental and physical health, along with social and personal consequences of nurses who provide care to COVID-19 patients.
The pan-cancer analysis reveals FAM72D as a potential therapeutic target and closely linked to immune infiltration and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Qu Guangzhen , Li DongMing , Xue Fei , Zhu Mingyue , Guo Wei , Xu Weiyu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: FAM72D, a gene that is rarely reported, and its effects in tumors remain elusive. A similar lack of association between its expression and tumor progression, immune microenvironment, and prognosis has been reported. The present study aims to provide a comprehensive landscape view of FAM72D in tumorigenesis, prognosis, and correlation with the tumor microenvironment (TME).
Method: We obtained the gene expression profiles of FAM72D from TCGA (https://xenabrowser.net or https://portal. gdc.cancer.gov/) database. The cBioPortal online database and TIMER2.0 were used to analyze the prognosis, immune infiltration, mutational landscape, and molecular function of FAM72D in pan-cancer. A protein-protein interaction network was performed to identify hub genes, and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was used to identify relevant signaling pathways in pan-cancer. We constructed a risk score model in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and validated it in ICGC (International Cancer Genome Consortium). Meanwhile, sensitivity analyses of some common chemotherapeutic agents and targeted drugs were also analyzed. RT qPCR was used to analyze FAM72D expression differences in Huh7 and LO2 cell lines.
Results: FAM72D expression was significantly upregulated in various tumors compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues in pan-cancer. Elevated expression of FAM72D is correlated with poor prognosis. Genetic alterations in FAM72D affect disease free survival (DFS) in pan-cancer. In most cancers, high levels of FAM72D were associated with infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), CD4+ Th1 and Th2 cells. It was found that FAM72D had an association with cell growth and energy metabolism based on GO analysis. FAM72D similarly affects cell cycle, differentiation, and inflammatory in some tumors. In HCC, based on FAM72D associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs), a prognostic signature of 4 genes was constructed to predict prognosis. Chemotherapeutic or targeted agents suitable for different risk groups of HCC were also screened. Additionally, FAM72D is associated with metastasis and proliferation of HCC. FAM72D is a potential biomarker of tumor prognosis, molecular and immune microenvironment.
Conclusion: Our study shows that FAM72D is involved in the carcinogenesis in various tumors while affecting prognosis and immune cell infiltration. FAM72D may serve as a reliable biomarker for the prognosis of several tumors. Meanwhile, this study shed new light on for the treatment of HCC.
Tetraselmis suecica and Porphyridium cruentum exopolysaccharides show anti-VHSV activity on RTG-2 cells
Authors: Parra-Riofrio Geovanna , Moreno Patricia , García-Rosado Esther , Alonso M. Carmen , Uribe-Tapia Eduardo , Abdala-Diaz Roberto Teófilo , Bejar Julia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The use of functional feed additives is an important approach to both, prevent and fight, viral diseases in aquaculture. In this regard, microalgae-derived products, and, more specifically, microalgal exopolysaccharides (EPSs), have attracted attention, since multiple biotechnological applications are being described for these molecules. Furthermore, depending on culture conditions, the composition and, therefore, properties of EPSs can vary. In the present study, the antiviral activity of EPSs from Tetraselmis suecica and Porphyridium cruentum cultured under autotrophic and heterotrophic conditions has been evaluated in vitro against Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Virus (VHSV), an important pathogen in fish farming. Results showed that EPSs from both species have anti-VHSV activity. T. suecica EPSs from autotrophic cultures showed the strongest effect, since both, adsorption and post-adsorption phases of the VHSV multiplication cycle were affected. In contrast, both, autotrophic and heterotrophic P. cruentum EPSs showed anti-VHSV activity only after the adsorption phase. These results pave the way to use these EPSs to fight VHSV infections, and animate to evaluate the EPS antiviral activity against other viral pathogens relevant to the aquaculture industry.
Residual dynamics and ecological risk assessment of indoxacarb in Ipomoea aquatica
Authors: Li Rong , Zhang Zongyuan , Hu Fangfan , Fu Qiang , Zhao Jia , Gong Daoxin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The residual levels and dissipation rate of indoxacarb in Ipomoea aquatica were determined by UPLC-MS/MS. 30% indoxacarb suspension was sprayed at recommended doses of 45 and 67.5 g ai/ha on the leaf of Ipomoea aquatica at six geographically distant experimental sits, Changsha, Nanning, Jiyuan, Hangzhou, Qingdao, Shijiazhuang in China. Samples were collected randomly in triplicates at 2h、1d、3d、5d、7d、10d、14d、21d、28d intervals after insecticide application. The residues were found to have half-lives of 2.61–3.67d. Indoxacarb was detectable in Ipomoea aquatica harvested after intervals of 5, 7 and 10 days. We recommend that the harvest interval should be longer than 10 days after spraying 30% SC.
Case report of newly diagnosed prerenal acute kidney injury in a COVID-19 infection
Authors: Bereda Gudisa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Many COVID-19 patients develop gastrointestinal problems, which greatly increase fluid loss and cause severe dehydration in the patient, resulting in prerenal acute kidney injury. On September 2, 2022, a middle-aged black African male carpenter (age 60) was admitted to the hospital with a three-day dry cough and difficulty breathing. When he arrived at the emergency room, he had two days' worth of weight loss, cold intolerance, stress, fever, and blood in his urine. A sinus tachycardia was discovered on his electrocardiogram, with an ST-segment of 0.06 seconds and a heart rate of 110 beats per minute. Routine reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (COVID-19) testing was done in the emergency room; the results were positive. He received a bolus of 2 L of lactated ringer upon admission to an intensive care unit, followed by 400 mL/hour of maintenance lactated ringer. He was anuric for the first day. On the second day after the initial 24 hours, his urine production climbed to 800 mL over 12 hours. To reduce hospital-acquired infections, he was given a broad-spectrum antibiotic such as 500 mg of azithromycin once a day for five days and 1 g of intravenous ceftriaxone daily for three days in a row.
Psychosocial Impact of Cancer: More Good Than Bad
Authors: Yao Grace , Lai Jin-Shei , Garcia Sofia F. , Yount Susan , Cella David 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to understand psychosocial impacts on cancer survivors using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systemâ (PROMISâ) Psychosocial Illness Impact banks. Cancer survivors (n=509; age: 59.5±1.4; 51.5% men) completed the PROMIS positive and negative illness impact items consisting of four sub-domains: Self-Concept (SC), Social Impact (SI), Stress Response (SR), and Spirituality (Sp). Illness impact was defined as changed scores from items measuring “current” experiences to recalled experiences prior to cancer diagnosis. Descriptive statistics, effect sizes (ES), and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated at item and sub-domain levels. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to identify potentially influential factors on the impacts. Our study found survivors reported stronger positive than negative impacts (overall ES mean: 0.30 vs.0.23) in general; and more moderate (ES≧0.30) positive than negative impacts at the item level, 54.3% (25 of 46) and 40% (16 of 40) for positive and negative items, respectively. Participants reported more positive impacts on SI and Sp but more negative impacts on SR. The CV results showed more individual differences appeared on positive SC items. Younger survivors reported stronger positive and negative impacts. Women reported higher positive impacts. Survivors with higher education levels tended to have higher positive SI impacts, while those with a lower family income reported higher negative SI and negative SR impacts. We conclude positive and negative psychosocial impacts coexisted—the strength of impacts varied across sub-domains. Age, gender, education, and family income influenced the psychosocial impacts reported by survivors. These findings provide a foundation to develop interventions to strengthen positive and minimize negative impacts and improve cancer survivors' overall well-being.
The shallow and deep crustal structure in Zagros from inversion and forward modeling: insights from the application of Moho-free Bouguer anomaly
Authors: Ardestani Vahid E. , Mousavi Naeim 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The contribution of shallow and deep portions of crust in Bouguer anomaly is a long-lasting challenge. Several attempts including filtering of data are being performed. Filtering outcomes are enormously subject to disagreements due to disputable possible choice of cut-off wavelength. Here, we develop in novel strategy to divide the contribution of shallow and deep crustal structures in the Bouguer anomaly. The Moho relief is estimated by the inversion of Bouguer anomalies. The gravity effect of the volume mass between the estimated Moho and the ground surface is computed by parametrization of the volume mass by different meshes (tensor, quad tree, and octree). Octree mesh is opted as the best one after assessing the different meshing results visually and statistically. Then this gravity effect is subtracted from the Bouguer anomalies to obtain the Moho-free Bouguer anomalies. This Moho-free Bouguer anomaly is inverted to obtain the uppermost density contrast representing a proxy for sedimentary thickness and/or magmatic intrusions. The inversions are carried out by using a very popular and robust method for non-linear problems which is called sparse norm inversion and is accessible through SimPEG (Simulation and Parameter Estimation in Geophysics) in Python. Importantly, the inversion process does not need an initial geometry model or density contrast and is completely automatic.
Loss of GLTSCR1 causes congenital heart defects by regulating NPPA transcription
Authors: Han Fengyan , Yang Beibei , Chen Yan , Liu Lu , Cheng Xiaoqing , Huang Jiaqi , Zhou Ke , Zhang Dandan , Xu Enping , Lai Maode , Lv Bingjian , Cheng Hongqiang , Zhang Honghe 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Precise and specific spatiotemporal domains of gene expression regulation is critical for embryonic development. Recent studies have identified GLTSCR1 as a gene transcriptional elongation regulator in cancer research. However, the function of GLTSCR1, especially in embryonic development, remains poorly understood. Here, we found that GLTSCR1 is essential for cardiac development because Gltscr1 knockout (Gltscr1−/−) led to embryonic lethality in mice with severe congenital heart defects (CHDs). Ventricular septal defect (VSD) and double outflow right ventricular (DORV) were also observed in conditional deletion of Gltscr1 in neural crest cells, which was associated with neonatal lethality in mice. Mechanistically, GLTSCR1 deletion promoted NPPA expression by coordinating the CHD risk G allele of rs56153133 in the NPPA enhancer and releasing the transcription factor ZNF740 binding site on the NPPA promoter. These findings demonstrate that GLTSCR1 acts as a candidate CHD-related gene.
On survival of coherent systems subject to random shocks
Authors: Goyal Dheeraj , Hazra Nil Kamal , Finkelstein Maxim 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We consider coherent systems subject to random shocks that can damage a random number of components of a system. Based on the distribution of the number of failed components, we discuss three models, namely, (i) a shock can damage any number of components (including zero) with the same probability, (ii) each shock damages, at least, one component, and (iii) a shock can damage, at most, one component. Shocks arrival times are modeled using three important counting processes, namely, the Poisson generalized gamma process, the Poisson phase-type process and the renewal process with matrix Mittag-Leffler distributed inter-arrival times. For the defined shock models, we discuss relevant reliability properties of coherent systems. An optimal replacement policy for repairable systems is considered as an application of the proposed modeling.
The Effect of Single Dose Albendazole (400 Mg) Treatment on the Human Gut Microbiome of Hookworm-infected Ghanaian Individuals
Authors: Appiah-Twum Francis , Akorli Jewelna , Okyere Lydia , Sagoe Kate , Osabutey Dickson , Cappello Michael , Wilson Michael D. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Microbes play an important role in human gut homeostasis, metabolic, immunologic and physiopathology of the body. A longitudinal study conducted during 2018–2021 in the Kintampo North Municipality in Ghana demonstrated low hookworm infection cure rates following treatment with a single dose of 400 mg albendazole in some communities. To investigate associations between hookworm infection and the gut microbiome, we examined faecal samples from consented participants who were either cured or remained infected after treatment. At each time point, fecal samples were collected prior to and 10–14 days after albendazole treatment of those who were infected. We used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of DNA extracted from stool samples to investigate the composition and biodiversity of the gut microbiota and to identify potential microbial biomarkers associated with treatment outcomes. Results of the study showed an association between hookworm infection and increased species richness. It also demonstrated a significant variation in microbiota composition at 10–14 days following single-dose albendazole treatment. Individuals cured of hookworm infection after treatment showed a significant reduction in microbiota composition when compared to their pre-treatment state (ANOSIM; p = 0.02), whilst individuals who failed to clear the infection showed no significant change in microbiota composition (ANOSIM; p = 0.35). Both uninfected individuals and individuals who were successfully treated were similar in terms of microbial composition and structure. We also found that the abundance of Clostridia spp. was increased in positive individuals before treatment as well as in those who were not cured. Predictive functional profiling revealed the enrichment of two pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase subunit pathways in individuals who remained infected after treatment (p < 0.05), alluding to an upturn of strictly anaerobic commensal bacteria such as Clostridia spp. This study suggests a relationship between human gut microbiome dysbiosis and albendazole therapy outcomes of hookworm infection. Future studies will further characterize specific biomarkers identified within this study to establish their potential for assessment of pharmacological responses to anthelminthic therapies, as well as explore the possibility of using probiotic supplementation as an adjunct treatment to increase albendazole effectiveness against hookworm.
Relationship between preoperative red blood cell distribution width and postoperative pneumonia in patients with hip fracture: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Daxue , Zhang Yu , Yang Shiwei , Sun Lixin , Zhang Ning , Huang Shaocai 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background and Objective:
The relationship between preoperative red blood cell distribution width and postoperative pneumonia in elderly patients with hip fracture remains unclear. To investigate whether preoperative red blood cell distribution width is associated with postoperative pneumonia in elderly patients with hip fracture.
Methods
The clinical data of patients with hip fractures in the department of orthopedics of a hospital from January 2012 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Logistic regression model and generalized additive model were used to identify both linear and nonlinear relationships between red blood cell istribution width and postoperative pneumonia. A two-piecewise regression model was performed to calculate the saturation effect. Subgroup analyses were performed using stratified logistic regression models.
Results
The study included 1444 patients in total. The incidence of POP was 6.30% (91/1444), the mean age of the patients was 77.55 ± 8.75 years, and 73.06 percent of them (1055/1444) were female. After full adjustment for covariates, preoperative red blood cell distribution width had a nonlinear relationship with postoperative pneumonia. The two-segment regression model showed an inflection point of 14.5%. On the left side of the inflection point, the incidence of postoperative pneumonia increased by 52% for every 1% increase in red blood cell distribution width (OR:1.52, 95% CI :1.08–2.16, P = 0.0173). On the right side of the inflection point, the effect size was not statistically significant (OR: 0.80 ,95% CI: 0.58–1.11, P = 0.1878).
Conclusion
The relationship between preoperative red blood cell distribution width level and postoperative pneumonia incidence is nonlinear in elderly hip fracture patients. The incidence of postoperative pneumonia is positively correlated with red blood cell distribution width when it is below 14.5%. A saturation effect is observed when red blood cell distribution width reaches 14.5%.
Identification of significant modules and hub genes involved in fasting using WGCNA
Authors: Qiu Zhengqi , Li Yufei , Fu Yancheng , Yang Yanru , Zhong Jiafu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Dietary interventions are one of the most common health promotion tools. Regular intermittent fasting is thought to reduce body weight and ameliorate adverse cardiovascular disease factors significantly. However, there is growing evidence that fasting positively affects body composition and biochemical parameters, but very few studies related to its mechanisms. In this study, bioinformatics network analysis was performed to investigate the effects of fasting on adipose and muscle tissues and further explore the potential mechanisms and targets of action.
Methods: We downloaded the adipose tissue and muscle tissue gene expression datasets before and after fasting from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and constructed co-expression networks by Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) to identify key modules. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed for the differential genes in adipose tissue and muscle tissue-related modules, respectively. Then, we constructed protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks using the STRING database and detected the central genes in the networks.
Results: Functional enrichment analysis showed that AMPK pathway and neurodegenerative disease-related pathways might be involved in the regulation of fasting in humans. PPI network construction indicated that the regulation of fasting in humans, both in adipose and muscle tissues, may be associated with two central genes, TXNIP and DLAT, and that this regulation is likely to act on human metabolism.
Conclusion: Our work indicates that a total of 15 key genes, including TXNIP, DLAT, PDK4, DDIT3, and PFKFB3, may receive regulation by fasting interventions, especially TXNIP and DLAT are the basis of fasting mechanisms in adipose and muscle tissues. The pathways regulated by these key genes may provide new targets for further studies on the mechanism of fasting and the treatment of metabolic diseases.
Deep learning neural network with transferlearning for liver cancer classification
Authors: Mizouri Nibras 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), “primary” cancer of the liver is the fourth most common cause of cancer related death worldwide. However,it can be reduced by early detection and diagnosis. With increasing use of Computed topography (CT) and Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for diagnosis, traditional classification cancer manually is a difficult and time consuming task showing limitations in large and diverse datasets. Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) can play a key role in the early detection and diagnosis of liver cancer. Therefore the main objective of this work is to detect the liver cancer accurately using deep learning. We propose a novel CAD framework using convolution neural networks and transfer learning (pre-trained VGG-16 and MonileNet-V1 model). The classification accuracy of HCC reaches 96%. The system consists of three stages: (i) data collection , (ii) Data processing and (iii) Data Analysis.