bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sn doping on partially dealuminated Beta zeolite by solid state ion exchange for 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF) production from glucose
Authors: Zhang Wei , Shen Zheng , Kong Ling , Chen Wenbo , Gu Minyan , Xia Meng , Dong Wenjie , Zhang Yalei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe conversion of glucose into 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF) involves the isomerization of glucose to fructose catalyzed by Lewis acid and subsequent dehydration of fructose catalyzed by Brönsted acid. In this work, in order to obtain a high yield of 5‐HMF, a series of Sn‐Al‐Beta catalysts containing both Lewis and Brönsted acid sites were prepared by a convenient solid state ion exchange (SSIE) method using partially dealuminated Beta zeolite and tin(II) acetate.RESULTSThe obtained bifunctional catalysts were investigated for one‐pot production of 5‐HMF from glucose in the ionic liquid (IL) [C4mim]Cl. Among various catalysts, Sn‐Al‐Beta‐4‐8 exhibited the best catalytic performance, giving a 5‐HMF yield of 54% under optimal reaction conditions (393 K, 2 h), along with a glucose conversion of 81%. The Sn‐Al‐Beta‐4‐8 catalyst and IL were regenerated by the extraction of 5‐HMF, and the reactivity was reserved after five runs of recycling. In addition to glucose, the Sn‐Al‐Beta‐4‐8/[C4mim]Cl system was also proven to have the potential to effectively convert other carbohydrates into 5‐HMF.CONCLUSIONThe results suggested that the catalyst is convenient to prepare and has preferable efficiency and stability in the conversion of carbohydrates into 5‐HMF. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Deep‐learning‐based harmonization and super‐resolution of near‐surface air temperature from CMIP6 models (1850–2100)
Authors: Wei Xikun , Wang Guojie , Feng Donghan , Duan Zheng , Hagan Daniel Fiifi Tawia , Tao Liangliang , Miao Lijuan , Su Buda , Jiang Tong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFuture global temperature change will have significant effects on society and ecosystems. Earth system models (ESM) are the primary tools to explore future climate change. However, ESMs have great uncertainty and often run at a coarse spatial resolution (usually about 2°). Accurate high‐spatial‐resolution temperature dataset are needed to improve our understanding of temperature variations and for many other applications. We apply Super resolution (SR) in computer vision using deep learning (DL) to merge 31 ESMs data. The proposed method performs data merging, bias‐correction, and spatial downscaling simultaneously. The CRU TS (Climate Research Unit gridded Time Series) data is used as reference data in the model training process. To find a suitable DL method, we select five SR methodologies with different structures. We compare the performances of the methods based on mean square error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and Pearson correlation coefficient (R). The best method is used to merge the projected monthly data (1850–1900), and monthly future scenarios data (2015–2100), at the high spatial resolution of 0.5°. Results show that the merged data have considerably improved performance compared with individual ESM data and their ensemble mean (EM), both spatially and temporally. The MAE shows significant improvement; the spatial distribution of the MAE widens along the latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere. The MAE of merged data is ranging from 0.60 to 1.50, the South American (SA) has the lowest error and the Europe has the highest error. The merged product has excellent performance when the observation data is smooth with few fluctuations in the time series. This work demonstrates the applicability and effectiveness of the DL methods in data merging, bias‐correction and spatial downscaling when enough training data are available. Data can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5746632.
The electronic Raman scattering spectrum of PuO2
Authors: Villa‐Aleman Eliel , Dick Don D. , Christian Jonathan H. , Foley Bryan J. , Roy Lindsay E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Raman spectrum of PuO2 was measured up to 13,000 cm−1 with three different laser excitation wavelengths spanning the resonance (405 nm), near‐resonance (457 nm), and preresonance (514 nm) energy range. Approximately 26 never‐before‐seen bands were observed between 3500 and 13,000 cm−1. Given the very high energy of the Raman shifts of these bands and the relative insensitivity of their spectral position to the interrogating laser wavelength, they are believed to arise from an electronic origin. These bands are present in both freshly calcined and radiolytically aged PuO2, although a broad luminescence is observed in the aged material, which obscures many of the high frequency features. In situ laser annealing of the material attenuated this luminescence and allowed for clear observation of these never‐before‐seen spectral features. Discovery of these high‐energy bands presents a new way of identifying PuO2 for nuclear nonproliferation and forensics purposes.
Development of a capillary electrophoretic method for determination of ketorolac enantiomers in human plasma using cationic β‐cyclodextrin derivative as a chiral selector
Authors: Kravchenko Anastasia V. , Kolobova Ekaterina A. , Kechin Arseniy A. , Kartsova Liudmila A. 
Published: November 2022

A novel approach for the separation of ketorolac enantiomers by capillary electrophoresis is presented. A cationic β‐cyclodextrin derivative based on imidazole was synthesized and used as a chiral selector in the background electrolyte. The influence of pH and ionic strength of background electrolyte, as well as cationic β‐cyclodextrin derivative concentration on the resolution of ketorolac enantiomers, was investigated. The highest value of the resolution for ketorolac enantiomers was 1.46 when the background electrolyte consisted of 25 mM NaH2PO4 (pH 6.4) with 1 mM 1‐butyl‐3‐β‐cyclodextrinimidazolium tosylate. Additionally, the possibilities of cationic derivatives for the separation of ketoprofen enantiomers were shown (peak resolution 1.06). The two‐step preconcentration mode was developed to reduce the limit of detection of individual enantiomers. The proposed approach was successfully applied to determine ketorolac enantiomers in tablet “Ketorol express” and human plasma. The calibration range of ketorolac enantiomers for plasma samples was 0.25–2.50 μg/ml with coefficients of determination ≥ 0.99. The relative standard deviation both of the peak area and migration time was less than 15%, as well as the accuracy ranged from 90.1% to 110.2% for both analytes. The limits of detection were 44 and 55 ng/ml for R‐ and S‐ketorolac. The quantity of ketorolac in plasma was verified with high‐performance liquid chromatography.
A Simple and Low‐Cost Electrochemical Immunosensor for Ultrasensitive Determination of Calreticulin Biomarker in Human Serum
Authors: Aydın Elif Burcu , Aydın Muhammet , Sezgintürk Mustafa Kemal 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn early on time detection of breast cancer significantly affects the treatment process and outcome. Herein, a new label‐free impedimetric biosensor is developed to determine the lowest change in the level of calreticulin (CALR), which is a new biomarker of breast carcinoma. The proposed immunosensor is fabricated by using reduced graphene oxide/amino substituted polypyrrole polymer (rGO‐PPyNH2) nanocomposite modified disposable electrode. The anti‐CALR antibodies are first attached on the rGO‐PPyNH2 nanocomposite coated electrode through glutaraldehyde crosslinking; the CALR antigens are then immobilized with the addition of CALR antigens to form an immunocomplex on the sensing surface. This immunocomplex induces considerably larger interfacial electron transport resistance (Rct). The variation in the Rct has a linear relationship with CALR level in the detection range of 0.025 to 75 pg mL−1, with a detection limit of 10.4 fg mL−1. The suggested biosensor shows high selectivity to CALR, good storage stability (at least 5 weeks) and suitable reproducibility results as shown in quality control chart. The designed immunosensor is utilized to analyze CALR levels in human sera with satisfying results. This immunosensor provides a novel way for the clinical determination of CALR and other cancer biological markers.
Huangshan Floral Mushroom Polysaccharide Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium‐Induced Colitis in Mice by Modulating Th17/Treg Balance in a Gut Microbiota‐Dependent Manner
Authors: Zou Ming‐yue , Wang Yu‐jing , Liu Yong , Xiong Shan‐qiang , Zhang Lei , Wang Jun‐hui 
Published: November 2022

ScopeUlcerative colitis (UC) is a common chronic recurrent inflammatory bowel disease. This study attempts to reveal the improvement mechanism of floral mushroom polysaccharide (FMPS) on UC from the perspective of coordinated interaction between intestinal microbes and intestinal helper T cell 17 (Th17)/regulatory T cell (Treg) balance.Methods and resultsDextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis mice model is used for the experiment. The results suggest that FMPS up‐regulated the expression of occludin, ZO‐1, and MUC2, and down‐regulated the secretion of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 in colitis mice. Importantly, FMPS restores intestinal Th17/Treg balance. Meanwhile, FMPS can regulate intestinal microorganisms and improve the level of short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in colitis mice. Intestinal microbial depletion and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments reveal that FMPS ameliorated UC is mediated by intestinal microbiome. Flow cytometry further proves that FMPS restores intestinal Th17/Treg balance in a microbial‐dependent manner.ConclusionThese results indicate that FMPS has the potential to improve UC, and its mechanism depends on the restoration of Th17/Treg balance mediated by intestinal microorganisms. Therefore, it is suggested that FMPS dietary supplement can be potentially used to intervene UC.
Updates on feminizing genital affirmation surgery (vaginoplasty) techniques
Authors: Ferrando Cecile A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVaginoplasty is a gender affirming surgery performed for transgender women who desire feminizing genital reconstruction. Over the last decade, access to surgical care has improved for patients, and vaginoplasty has been increasingly performed. Several vaginoplasty techniques exist, many of which are modifications of the traditional penile inversion vaginoplasty. In this paper, we review the penile inversion vaginoplasty, the intestinal segment vaginoplasty and the peritoneal flap vaginoplasty. An overview of the techniques employed to perform these procedures is provided, as well as an update on their published outcomes and complications.
Latent membrane protein 1 and macrophage‐derived TNFα synergistically activate and mobilize invadopodia to drive invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Tang Wing Chung , Tsao Sai Wah , Jones Gareth E , Liu Xiong , Tsai Ming Han , Delecluse Henri‐Jacques , Dai Wei , You Chanping , Zhang Jun , Huang Shaina Chor Mei , Leung Manton Man‐hon , Liu Tengfei , Ching Yick Pang , Chen Honglin , Lo Kwok Wai , Li Xin , Tsang Chi Man 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInvadopodia are actin‐rich membrane protrusions that digest the matrix barrier during cancer metastasis. Since the discovery of invadopodia, they have been visualized as localized and dot‐like structures in different types of cancer cells on top of a 2D matrix. In this investigation of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a highly invasive cancer frequently accompanied by neck lymph node and distal organ metastases, we revealed a new form of invadopodium with mobilizing features. Integration of live‐cell imaging and molecular assays revealed the interaction of macrophage‐released TNFα and EBV‐encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) in co‐activating the EGFR/Src/ERK/cortactin and Cdc42/N‐WASP signaling axes for mobilizing the invadopodia with lateral movements. This phenomenon endows the invadopodia with massive degradative power, visualized as a shift of focal dot‐like digestion patterns on a 2D gelatin to a dendrite‐like digestion pattern. Notably, single stimulation of either LMP1 or TNFα could only enhance the number of ordinary dot‐like invadopodia, suggesting that the EBV infection sensitizes the NPC cells to form mobilizing invadopodia when encountering a TNFα‐rich tumor microenvironment. This study unveils the interplay of EBV and stromal components in driving the invasive potential of NPC via unleashing the propulsion of invadopodia in overcoming matrix hurdles. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Toward a hypothesis‐free understanding of how phosphorylation dynamically impacts protein turnover
Authors: Li Wenxue , Salovska Barbora , Fornasiero Eugenio F. , Liu Yansheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe turnover measurement of proteins and proteoforms has been largely facilitated by workflows coupling metabolic labeling with mass spectrometry (MS), including dynamic stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (dynamic SILAC) or pulsed SILAC (pSILAC). Very recent studies including ours have integrated themeasurement of post‐translational modifications (PTMs) at the proteome level (i.e., phosphoproteomics) with pSILAC experiments in steady state systems, exploring the link between PTMs and turnover at the proteome‐scale. An open question in the field is how to exactly interpret these complex datasets in a biological perspective. Here, we present a novel pSILAC phosphoproteomic dataset which was obtained during a dynamic process of cell starvation using data‐independent acquisition MS (DIA‐MS). To provide an unbiased “hypothesis‐free” analysis framework, we developed a strategy to interrogate how phosphorylation dynamically impacts protein turnover across the time series data. With this strategy, we discovered a complex relationship between phosphorylation and protein turnover that was previously underexplored. Our results further revealed a link between phosphorylation stoichiometry with the turnover of phosphorylated peptidoforms. Moreover, our results suggested that phosphoproteomic turnover diversity cannot directly explain the abundance regulation of phosphorylation during cell starvation, underscoring the importance of future studies addressing PTM site‐resolved protein turnover.
Hybrid atmospheric pressure plasma generation and DC electrospray aerosolization of plasma‐activated water for surface pathogen disinfection
Authors: Chew Nicholas S. L. , Ooi Chien W. , Yeo Leslie Y. , Tan Ming K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe demonstrate the synergistic effects of combining atmospheric pressure plasma generation together with aerosolization of the resultant plasma‐activated water using direct current electrospraying for effective chemical‐free spray‐based surface disinfection. Besides facilitating the efficient aerosol generation of the atmospheric pressure plasma pretreated water, the DC electrospray itself also constitutes a secondary plasma generation source that can further enhance the plasma‐activation of water to result in a further increase in the concentration of reactive species in the aerosols. This, in turn, can be seen to translate into an enhancement in bacteria inactivation efficacy. Additionally, we show that pretreating stainless steel surfaces using this hybrid spray‐deposition technique before pathogen exposure leads to almost complete inactivation of the bacteria colonies.
Enhanced gas‐phase nucleation of diamond nanoparticles in a microplasma torch
Authors: Jia Zixian , Fermi Youcef , Siby Abdoulaye , Brinza Ovidiu , Hassouni Khaled , Prasanna Swaminathan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this work, we present and characterize a microwave plasma microtorch that can support the formation of diamond nanoparticles (DNPs) in the gas phase when using hydrogen‐methane as a precursor gas. We first showed how the nonequilibrium character of the plasma obtained in this microtorch ensures enhanced H‐atom, , and production at moderate gas temperature levels that provides thermal stability of DNPs. The material characterization by TEM, Raman, and electron energy loss spectroscopy spectra confirm the presence of a substantial amount of diamond phase in the carbon dust particles collected from the plasma phase. Investigation of the effects of injected microwave power on the process characteristics showed a direct correlation between enhanced production and the appearance of the diamond phase, which points out the critical role of as far as gas‐phase nucleation of DNPs is concerned.
A robust antibody discovery platform for difficult‐to‐express G protein‐coupled receptors
Authors: Kim Nam Hyuk , Kang Sumin , Park Ga Hyeon , Shim Goeun , Kang Tae Hyun , Yu Yeon Gyu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractG protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) are in the spotlight as drug targets due to the fact that multiple research results have verified the correlation between the activation of GPCRs and disease indications. This is because the GPCRs are present across the cell membranes, which interact with either extracellular ligands or other types of compartments and simultaneously mediate intracellular signaling. Despite the importance of the GPCRs as drug targets, they are too difficult to express in soluble forms. Currently, the difficulty of preparing functional GPCRs and the lack of efficient antibody screening methods are the most challenging steps in the discovery of antibodies targeting GPCRs. In this study, we developed a powerful platform that facilitates isolating GPCR‐specific antibodies by obviating difficulties in GPCR preparation. The strategies include (i) conjugation of the P9 peptide, an envelope protein of Pseudomonas phi6, to the N‐terminus of GPCRs to improve the expression level of the GPCRs in Escherichia coli, (ii) stabilization of the GPCRs in their active forms with amphiphilic poly‐γ‐glutamate (APG) to shield the seven hydrophobic transmembrane domains, and (iii) further limiting the size of the APG complex to improve the chance to isolate antibodies targeting the proteins‐of‐interest. Capitalizing on the above strategies, we could prepare GPCR proteins in their active forms as facile as other general‐soluble antigen proteins. Furthermore, this protocol was validated to be successful in discovering three individual GPCR‐specific antibodies targeting glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor, C‐X‐C chemokine receptor type 4, and prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 in this study.
Deoxyelephantopin, a germacrane‐type sesquiterpene lactone from Elephantopus scaber, induces mitochondrial apoptosis of hepatocarcinoma cells by targeting Hsp90α in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Chen Jing‐Jie , Yan Qiu‐Lin , Bai Ming , Liu Qingbo , Song Shao‐Jiang , Yao Guo‐Dong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma has been known as the most frequent subtype of liver cancer with a high rate of spread, metastases, and recurrence, also dismal treatment effects. However, effective therapies for HCC are still required. Nowadays, natural products have been known as a valuable source for drug discovery. In this research, 44 sesquiterpene lactones isolated from the Elephantopus scaber Linn. (Asteraceae) were tested by MTT assay for the antitumor activities. Deoxyelephantopin (DET) was found to exert significant cytotoxicity on HepG2 and Hep3B cells. Moreover, we found that DET treatment markedly reduced the growth of HCC cells in a concentration‐dependent manner, which was better than sorafenib. Furthermore, DET induced mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and cellular apoptosis. Additionally, we found that DET and sorafenib synergistically induced apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in HCC cells. DET combined with sorafenib was also efficacious in tumor xenograft model. Molecular docking experiments revealed that DET had a potentially high binding affinity with Hsp90α. Moreover, Drug Affinity Responsive Target Stability assay suggested that DET could directly target Hsp90α. Additionally, the expression of Hsp90α was both decreased in vitro and in vivo. Altogether, this study revealed that DET might be a promising agent for HCC therapy by targeting Hsp90α.
Synergistic Solar‐Driven Freshwater Generation and Electricity Output Empowered by Wafer‐Scale Nanostructured Silicon
Authors: Song Zheheng , Ge Can , Song Yuhang , Chen Zhewei , Shao Beibei , Yuan Xianrong , Chen Jiangyu , Xu Duo , Song Tao , Fang Jian , Wang Yusheng , Sun Baoquan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElectricity generation triggered by the ubiquitous water evaporation process provides an intriguing way to harvest energy from water. Meanwhile, natural water evaporation is also a fundamental way to obtain fresh water for human beings. Here, a wafer‐scale nanostructured silicon‐based device that takes advantage of its well‐aligned configuration that simultaneously realizes solar steam generation (SSG) for freshwater collection and hydrovoltaic effect generation for electricity output is developed. An ingenious porous, black carbon nanotube fabric (CNF) electrode endows the device with sustainable water self‐pumping capability, excellent durable conductivity, and intense solar spectrum harvesting. A combined device based on the CNF electrode integrated with nanostructured silicon nanowire arrays (SiNWs) provided an aligned numerous surface‐to‐volume water evaporation interface that enables a recorded continuous short‐circuit current 8.65 mA and a water evaporation rate of 1.31 kg m−2 h−1 under one sun illumination. Such wafer‐scale SiNWs‐based SSG and hydrovoltaic integration devices would unchain the bottleneck of the weak and discontinuous electrical output of hydrovoltaic devices, which inspires other sorts of semiconductor‐based hydrovoltaic device designs to target superior performance.
A Metal–Organic Frameworks Derived 1T‐MoS2 with Expanded Layer Spacing for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Zhang Hang , Xu Hualan , Wang Lei , Ouyang Chuying , Liang Haiwei , Zhong Shengliang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMetal phase molybdenum disulfide (1T‐MoS2) is considered a promising electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to its activated basal and superior electrical conductivity. Here, a one‐step solvothermal route is developed to prepare 1T‐MoS2 with expanded layer spacing through the derivatization of a Mo‐based organic framework (Mo‐MOFs). Benefiting from N,N‐dimethylformamide oxide as external stress, the interplanar spacing of (002) of the MoS2 catalyst is extended to 10.87 Å, which represents the largest one for the 1T‐MoS2 catalyst prepared by the bottom‐up approach. Theoretical calculations reveal that the expanded crystal planes alter the electronic structure of 1T‐MoS2, lower the adsorption–desorption potentials of protons, and thus, trigger efficient catalytic activity for HER. The optimal 1T‐MoS2 catalyst exhibits an overpotential of 98 mV at 10 mA cm−2 for HER, corresponding to a Tafel slope of 52 mV dec−1. This Mo‐MOFs‐derived strategy provides a potential way to design high‐performance catalysts by adjusting the layer spacing of 2D materials.