bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Framework for Benefit-Based Multiclass Classification
Authors: Sooklal Shellyann , Hosein Patrick 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Health datasets typically comprise of data that are heavily skewed towards the healthy class, thus resulting in classifiers being biased towards this majority class. Due to this imbalance of data, traditional performance metrics, such as accuracy, are not appropriate for evaluating the performance of classifiers with the minority class (disease-affected/unhealthy individuals). In addition, classifiers are trained under the assumption that the costs or benefits associated with different decision outcomes are equal. However, this is usually not the case with health data since it is more important to identify disease affected/unhealthy persons rather than healthy individuals. In this paper we address these problems by examining benefits/costs when evaluating the performance of classifiers. Furthermore, we focus on multiclass classification where the outcome can be one of three or more options. We propose modifications to the Naive Bayes and Logistic Regression algorithms to incorporate costs and benefits for the multiclass scenario as well as compare these to an existing algorithm, hierarchical cost-sensitive kernel logistic regression, and also an adapted hierarchical approach with our cost-benefit based logistic regression model. We demonstrate the effectiveness of all approaches for fetal health classification but the proposed approaches can be applied to any imbalance dataset where benefits and costs are important.
Hybrid Tomato Response to Fertigation Under Greenhouse Conditions
Authors: Agbemabiese Yayra K. , Abubakari Abdul-Halim , Dzomeku Israel K. , Abdul-Ganiyu Shaibu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
• Plant height, stem girth, leaf area index, yield and dry fruit biomass are affected by fertilizer rate, irrigation regime, genotype and micro-climate of the greenhouse and its interactions. • Plant height, stem girth, leaf area index, yield and dry fruit biomass increased with increased fertilizer rates and irrigation regime. • The combination of 100% fertilizer rate by 100% irrigation regime best supported stem girth and dry fruit biomass under micro-climate 1 and 2. • A strong negative correlation (-0.718) existed between yield and optimum temperature under micro-climate 1 whereas a weak positive correlation (0.231) existed between yield and optimum temperature under micro-climate 2. • A positive correlation (0.369 and 0.753 respectively) existed between optimum temperature and rootzone pH under micro-climate 1 and 2.
Analyzing CO2, geofluid and electricity in dual loop ORC with geothermal power plant by utilizing thermo-economic assessment
Authors: Güler Onur Vahip , Gürbüz Emine Yağız , Keçebaş Ali 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Thermoeconomics are key elements for the design and operation of geothermal power plants. It is necessary for the management of energy supply/demand and the efficient use of renewable energy resources. Various geothermal technologies are already available in geothermal fields. These technologies have heterogeneous characteristics and performances; it is therefore necessary to develop a procedure for comparing different equipment by making a techno-economic evaluation. This study proposes a set of simplified indicators that have been defined to simplify the evaluation of technical solutions in the operational phase of the components of a real geothermal power plant in the decision/design phase by using advanced exergoeconomic analysis. The results of the study show that the total operating cost of 1218 $/h becomes 186 $/h with a decrease of 85% as a result of the improvements in the direction of the suggestions of the analysis. The savings potential of the plant is determined as 15%. CO2 emission cost can be reduced by 15% if it can be operated under operating conditions decided in the analysis.
Closed reduction evaluation in dysplastic hip with the Ömeroğlu system in children aged 24-36 months
Authors: Charles-Lozoya Sergio , Chávez-Valenzuela Salvador , Cobos-Aguilar Héctor , Manilla-Muñoz Edgar , Parra-Márquez Miguel Leonardo , Arriaga-Cazares Héctor Eliud , García-Hernández Adrián 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Closed reduction (CR) as an initial treatment for developmental hip dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in children aged 24–36 months is debatable; however, it could have better results than open reduction (OR) because it is minimally invasive. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiological results in children (24–36 months) with DDH initially treated with CR.
Methods
Retrospective analysis of initial, subsequent, and final anteroposterior (AP) pelvic radiological records. The International Hip Dysplasia Institute (IHDI) was used to classify the initial dislocations. To evaluate the final radiological results after CR (initial treatment) or additional treatment (CR failed), the Ömeroğlu system was used (6 points excellent, 5 good, 4 fair-plus, 3 fair-minus, ≤2 poor). The degree of acetabular dysplasia was estimated using the initial acetabular index (IAI) and the final acetabular index (FAI), Buchholz-Ogden classification was used to measure avascular necrosis (AVN).
Results
98 radiological records were reviewed, including 53 patients (65 hips). Fifteen hips (23.1%) were redislocated and OR with femoral and pelvic osteotomy (13.8%) was the preferred secondary treatment. The IAI vs. FAI was (38.9º ± 6.8º) and (31.9º ± 6.8º), respectively (t = 6.5, p < 0.001). The prevalence of AVN was 40% (OR 73.3% vs. CR 30%, P = 0.003). Unsatisfactory results (≤ 4 points on the Ömeroğlu system) were observed in all hips that required secondary treatment.
Conclusions
Hips with DDH treated with CR initially had better radiological results than those treated with additional treatments, although with a predominance of regular results (four points) with the Ömeroğlu system. AVN is frequently observed in hips with failed CR.
Chemokine Gene Polymorphisms Influence Mortality in Patients with Acute Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events in China
Authors: Quan Kehua , Jiang Yingyu , Dai Yalun , Qiu Xin , Gu Hongqiu , Meng Xia , Chen Pan , Li Zixiao , Wang Yongjun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground:Chemokines are major mediators of leukocyte trafficking into the sites of the inflammatoryresponse and have received more attention for their roles in ischemic cerebrovascular events. Our study aimed to evaluate the relationships between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of chemokine genes and mortalityin patients with acute ischemic cerebrovascular events in China.Methods:We derived data from the Third China National Stroke Registry (CNSR-Ⅲ). Atotal of 10,241 patients had complete whole-genome sequencing information and formed the genetic subgroup of CNSR-Ⅲ. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to investigate the associations ofSNPs with death. The Spearman rank correlation was used to evaluate the associations of SNPs with leukocyte counts. We performed the mediation analysis to estimate whether leukocytes mediate the relationships of SNPs with death. Furthermore, we constructed a chemokine gene polymorphisms risk score for death.Results:A total of 15 SNPs of chemokine genes were found to be associated with death.CCL1rs2282691,CCL1rs2282692 andCCL27rs2812365 were related to reduced risk of death, and the other 12 SNPs exhibited correlations with elevated risk.CCL27rs2812365 was related to counts of leukocyte, neutrophil and monocyte.CCL2rs2857657 was correlated with eosinophil count. The mediation analysis, however, could not suggest that leukocytes account for the relationships between SNPs and death. Patients with higher risk scores were found to have a higher risk of death.Conclusion:The SNPs of chemokine genes were associated with the risk of death in patients with acute ischemic cerebrovascular events in China.
Comparison of shelf-life extension of capsicum (Capsicum annum) by polyvinyl acetate and shellac coating during refrigerated storage
Authors: Chinchkar Ajay V. , Singh Anurag , Upadhyay Ashutosh , Singh Rakhi , Kamble Meenatai G. , Singh Sukh Veer , Jatav Jyoti 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Edible coatings and films can help keepfruits and vegetables fresh and last longer after harvesting. Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) and shellac coatings were developed for controlling the postharvestphysiological activity of capsicum at 10 ± 2°C storage. Moreover, a comparative effect of polyvinyl acetate and shellac coatings on capsicum was evaluated at refrigerated temperature (10 ± 2°C). Coatings were applied directly to the fruit’s surface and crucialparameters, such as weight loss, firmness, color, TSS, titratable acidity, pH, chlorophyll others were evaluated during storage. The result showed that, as compared to the control and 12.5% shellac-coated capsicum, the 12.5% PVAc coating significantly increased firmness retention, reduced weight loss, and improved physicochemical properties. Over the storage, the PVAc coating prevented color change while maintaining total soluble solids,titratable acidity, and pH. Result also revealed that the PVAc coating showed a better ability to preventdeterioration of capsicum as compared to the shellac coating during storage. This study illustrates the significance of PVAc coating over shellac coating at refrigerated storage.
A Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm with Neighbour NodeCentrality for Community Detection in Complex Networks
Authors: Abbood Amenah D. , Attea Bara'a A. , Hasan Ammar A. , Everson Richard K. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The field of identifying natural partitions in complex networks has witnessed enormous attention in recent years. However, the mathematical definition to unfold accurate structure for communities is still in need of more investigation. Further, the literature lacks any driving strategy to claim which mathematical definition is to be honored. Our contribution in this paper is threefold. First, we introduce a new score model for the community detection problem. Unlike other state-of-theart models, the proposed model aims to reflect the atom relationships of the nodes rather than that of the communities. The proposed model includes two new contradictory objective functions. The first objective is ruled in favor of tightly grouping the neighbours for each node within one community. The second objective, on the other hand, attempts to disturb the maximum number of external interactions for each node with respect to the node’s internal neighbours. The second contribution comes with designing a new algorithm, a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based community detection in complex networks (MOEA-CD). The contradictory objectives composing the proposed score model are optimized simultaneously in the MOEA-CD. We also introduce a new local heuristic search operator, namely, Neighbour Node Centrality (NNC) strategy. The strategy is used in the MOEA-CD algorithm to improve its performance. The third contribution comes with proposing a new evaluation technique to validate the quality of the existing and the proposed score functions. The proposed technique is based on a random node migration strategy applied on the ground-truth partition for the network. Empirical evaluation of the proposed model against the state-of-the-art models clarifies that the proposed model is generally more correlated to represent the Normalised Mutual Information (NMI) between a candidate partition and the correct partition. Further, extensive experiments on both real-world and synthetic benchmarks of different complexities demonstrate that the proposed model can reveal more accurate community structures in comparison to the state-of-the-art models. The results also demonstrate the ability of the proposed (NNC) strategy to improve the detection accuracy of all tested models.
The Social Representation of Coronavirus during the First French Lockdown
Authors: Gaymard Sandrine , Peulens Nino , Engelmann Wilson , Hidrio Romain , Desgré Mathieu 
Published: November 2022

Introduction:More than two years ago, the world was hit by the health crisis of COVID-19. This crisis has had many impacts, some of which are not yet fully visible. Publications have increased in this field, but some subjects remain to be studied in depth, such as the question of territorial or social inequalities in the face of this health crisis and its illustration in the field of social thinking.Methods:This qualitative research is based on the hierarchical free association method used in Social Representations Theory (SRT). The survey was conducted on a French sample during the first lockdown between March and May, 2020. Different groups and social categories were questioned, including rural/urban, executives, employees, or unemployed people.The results showed a social representation of the coronavirus that differs in certain groups, with, for example, a greater perception of risk in the unemployed group.Results:These results confirm that the consequences of this health crisis since the first lockdown in March, 2020, had already impacted representations that reflected social and territorial inequalities.Conclusion:These results are discussed in the light of international experience and, in particular, that of Brazil, one of the countries most affected by the health crisis.
Evaluation of Analgesic Activity of Thymoquinone the Major Constituent of Nigella sativa Seeds in Mice
Authors: Dixena Shweta , Dixena Nikhil , Jain Monika , Jain Vibhor , Tiwari Niharika , Dahire Mukesh , Naik Sandip , Jain Harshita 
Published: November 2022

Drugs commonly used in modern medicine for suppression of pain and fever provide only symptomatic relief and long-term use of these drugs is associated with serious adverse effects. Recently, some evidences suggest that Nigella sativa inhibit eicosanoid generation in leukocytes and lipid peroxidation. They are reported to inhibit both cycloxygenase and 5-lipooxygenase pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism. The present study was aimed to evaluate the analgesic activity of pure compound, thymoquinone the major constituent of Nigella sativa seeds in mice. The analgesic activity was determined by hot plate, tail immersion, tail flick method and acetic acid induced writhing test in mice. Thymoquinone (10, 20, 30 mg/kg, body weight) and Aspirin (20mg/kg) made as suspensions prepared in 1% carboxy methyl cellulose and were fed to mice intraperitoneally. In tail flick method thymoquinone exhibited maximum analgesic effect at a dose of 30mg/kg after 120 min as compared to control and standard. Maximum analgesic effect was noted at a dose of 10 mg/kg after 120 min. the poor analgesic effect of thymoquinone at a dose of (20 and 30 mg/kg) as compared to control and standard drug by hot plate method. However with writhing test the thymoquinone showed maximum protection at a dose of 30 mg/kg (98.23%). The thymoquinone have minimum effect showed at dose of 10 mg/kg (69.72%) and 20 mg/kg (42.26%) as compared to standard and control. But in tail immersion method thymoquinone exhibited maximum activity after 120 min at a dose of 20 mg/kg as compared to control and standard drug while at a dose of 30 mg/kg the compound did not showed any further enhancement in analgesic activity. It is concluded from the present study that thymoquinone the major constituent of Nigella sativa possesses potent analgesic activity in mice.
Keywords: Thymoquinone, Nigella sativa, Hot plate, Tail immersion, Tail flick method, Acetic acid induced writhing test
Nootropic and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Plumbago zeylanica Linn. By Different In-Vivo & In-Vitro Methods
Authors: Chandanwala Sakina Akbarali , Jain Neetesh Kumar , Singh Nitu 
Published: November 2022

AIM- The aim of the present investigation is to evaluate Plumbago zeylanica L. (Plumbaginaceae) for evaluation of memory enhancing activity. MATERIAL & METHODS- All the plant materials were dried under shade and subjected to coarse powder for extraction process. Accurately weighed quantity of roots of Plumbago zeylanica Linn. extracted using petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol, butanol and finally water by soxhlet apparatus for 72 h. Qualitative chemical tests of chloroform, methanol, butanol and water extracts were subjected to various chemical tests to detect various Phytoconstituents. Briefly, 6.0 mg ß-carotene was dissolved in 10 ml of chloroform, and then 1 ml of solution pipette to glass filled of 20 mg linoleic acid. 5 ml of mixture then pipette to reaction tube filled of extract in a range of concentration, mixed homogenously. Briefly, 1 mL of 0.3 mM of DPPH solution was added to 1 mL each of the test solutions, and was incubated in the dark at room temperature for 30 min. Escape latency (EL) was recorded 120 min after drug administration from 11th day to 14th day. On 15th day, time spent in target quadrant (TSTQ) was noted 120 min after the drug administration. In case of animals administered with physostigmine, EL and TSTQ was noted after 30 min of drug administration. 0.4 ml of brain homogenate was added into a test tube containing 2.6 ml of phosphate buffer. 5,5-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoic acid reagent (0.1 ml) was added to the above mixture and absorbance was noted at 412 nm. RESULTS- The preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed that different active constituent present in different extracts such as carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, fat, oils, steroids, terpenoids, glycosides, alkaloids, tannins and other phenolics compounds. Vitamin E as standard was used in this assay and 84% inhibition was found to be at 30 minutes. Chloroform extract also showed 70% inhibition at 30 minutes which was reduced to 45% at the time of 120 minutes. Hydroxyl radical scavenging ability calculated as IC50 reveals that chloroform; methanol, butanol and water extracts have IC50 values of 47 μg/mL, 100μg/mL, 200 μg/mL and 150μg/mL, respectively. Among all the extracts, chloroform extract showed a highly significant effect on EL and TSTQ. Chloroform extracts significantly decreased (P<0.001) EL and significantly increased TSTQ as compared to vehicle treated control. CONCLUSION- The deterioration and dysfunction of cortical cholinergic neurons is closely associated with cognitive deficits of Alzheimer’s disease.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, Vitamin E, DPPH solution, Plumbago zeylanica Linn., Plumbaginaceae, EL and TSTQ
Effect of PPAR α/γ agonist on Behavioural Alterations in 6-OHDA induced Parkinson Disease
Authors: Joshi Nancy , Jain Neetesh Kumar , Silawat Narendra 
Published: November 2022

AIM- The aim of present research work aimed to investigate the neuroprotective potential of saroglitazor in experimental animal model of neurodegenerative disease. MATERIAL & METHODS- Sixty Male Wistar albino rats (150-200 gm) were obtained from the Central Animal House of Pharmaceutical Sciences, India. The tablets of 4 mg Saroglitazar (SG), were weighed and finely powdered and then transferred into a 10-ml calibrated flask, dissolved in 4 ml sterile saline solution (0.9% NaCl), swirled and sonicated for 5 min, completed to volume with saline, and shaken well for 15 min immediately before administration. For the post operative care, Povidone-iodine was applied to all the animals for one week after surgery and gentamycin (7 mg/kg) were given to all animals 24 hourly for 2 days. The Rota rod unit consists of a rotating rod, 48 mm in diameter, which was divided into four parts by compartmentalization to permit the testing of four rats at a time. RESULTS- DC group showed marked (p < 0.0001) decline in fall off time as compared to NC group. On the other hand, SG-1, SG-3 and SG-10 groups showed dose dependent remarkable (p< 0.005, p<0.0001, respectively) rise in fall off time when compared to DC group. SG-1, SG-3 and SG-10 groups showed drastic (p < 0.0001) growth in forehand adjusting steps and noticeable (p < 0.001) increment in backhand adjusting steps with exception of non significant rise with SG-1 group, when compared to DC group. CONCLUSION- In brief, for the first time we report that novel dual PPAR α/γ agonist, SG inhibited 6-OHDA-induced dopaminergic Neurodegeneration and mitigated behavioral alterations in rat model of PD.
Keywords: Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration, Saroglitazar, Parkinson’s disease, Substantia nigra pars, Compacta region
Evaluation of Anti-Parkinson Activity of Aqueous Extract of Barleria prionitis
Authors: Malviya Meghana , Jain Neetesh Kumar , Singhal Rohit , Silawat Narendra 
Published: November 2022

AIM- The aim of the preset investigation is Evaluation of Anti-Parkinson Activity of Aqueous Extract of Barleria prionitis. MATERIAL & METHODS- The whole plant of Barleria prionitiswere collected from the surrounding areas of Erode district, Tamilnadu, India during the month of December. Coarsely powdered whole plant of Barleria prionitis were extracted with water for 48 hours at room temperature. After extraction the extracts were evaporated by using rotary evaporator and dried at room temperature. The obtained crude extracts were weighed and stored at 4ᵒC for the further analysis. Male Swiss albino mice 3 month of age, and 25-30 g body weight were offered. All the rats were kept at room temperature and allowed to acclimate in standard conditions less than 12 hr light/ 12 hr dark cycle in the animal house. The MPTP was purchased from sigma chemicals, Mumbai, India and was stored according to the manufacturer label (370C) to prevent its decomposition. The length of time (duration) the animal stay on the rod without falling, gives a measure of their coordination, balance, physical condition and motor-planning. RESULTS- The grip strength of treated rats were found to be increased in the rats as compared to untreated rats. Similarly, Locomotor activity were also significantly increased in the rats treated in rats as compared to untreated rats. DISCUSSION- From the results the Actophotometer readings (locomotor activity) of animals of vehicle-treated control group (Group I) was found to be 386.33±1.56 and 396±1.15 counts/5 min for all 7 days of treatment. MPTP treatment to animals of Group II showed a significant reduction in locomotor activity every week. The actophotometer readings decreased to 186±2.30 counts/ 5 min. on the 7th day, went down to 145.33±0.23 counts/5 min. Thus, there was a significant decline in the locomotor activity of rotenone treated control animals (Group III) when compared to vehicle-treated control group (Group I). CONCLUSION- From the present study, it can be considered that the aqueous extract of Barleria prionitis exhibited significant anti-parkinsonism activity in MPTP model in mouse and rats respectively.
KEYWORDS- Anti-Parkinson Activity, Aqueous Extract, Barleria prionitis, Parkinson Disease, Muscular rigidity, Bradykinesia