bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of COVID-19 in the development of delusional ideas disorder. A case report
Authors: Alvarado Altuve E. , Almodovar Rivera M. , Alcalde-Diosdado Crespi C. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionHypochondria is characterized by the presence, for 6 months or more, of a generalized and non-delusional concern with fear of having (or the idea that one has) a serious illness, based on the wrong interpretation of the symptoms. In somatic-type delusional disorder, the delusional idea is fixed, indisputable, and occurs intensely because the patient is fully convinced of the physical nature of the disorder.Objectives
To describe a clinical case and make a differential diagnosis of hypochondriac disorder vs somatic-type delusional disorder.MethodsCase report: 61-year-old woman, after suffering from COVID-19, develops a hypochondriacal disorder vs. somatic delusional disorder, presenting anxiety-depressive symptoms and digestive somatic complaints, with a loss of 15 kg of weight. She made frequent visits to doctors and multiple complementary tests discarding organicity. She required involuntary hospital admission for 48 days, and pharmacological treatment with Venlafaxine 150 mg, Olanzapine 5mg, Mirtazapine 30mg and Alprazolam 1mg. The patient presented slow evolution during admission, with ups and downs and stagnation, meriting enteral nutrition due to refusal to ingest, given abdominal kinesthetic hallucinations and digestive evaluation (EDS) with a result of antral gastritis and negative H. pylori. In subsequent follow-ups after partial remission of symptoms, obsessive personality traits are glimpsed, although with better personal functioning.ResultsThe diagnosis at discharge was inconclusive, however the data points to a somatic-type delusional disorder.ConclusionsThe influence of COVID-19 as a triggering factor, social isolation and premorbid personality traits, influence the development of a Somatic Delusional Disorder vs Hypochondriac Disorder, regarding this case.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system in Tuvan alcoholics is associated with a high level of stress in comparison with ethnic Russian patients
Authors: Shushpanova T. , Bokhan N. , Mandel A. , Novozheeva T. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAlcoholization is considered as prolonged auto-aggression, low frustration tolerance, filling of the existential vacuum. In all cases, the use of a psychoactive substance that alters the state of consciousness is regarded as a way of escape from real life.ObjectivesThe study of clinically significant markers in alcoholism associated with the constitutional characteristics of craving for alcohol in people of different ethnicity is importance for the formation of new approaches to prevention and treatment.Methods68 Russian alcoholics and 67 Tuvans alcoholics only men and 20 healthy male were monitored. Clinical assessment of the condition of patients was carried out with the traditional clinical description. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits were used to determine serum hormone levels in patients and volunteers.ResultsDeeper shifts in the increase in ACTH and Cortisol levels were found in alcoholic Tuvinians compared with Russian patients, which is associated with a high risk of alcohol dependence and a highly progressive course of the disease. The index of the ratio Cortisol/ACTH (IR) in the blood of alcoholic patients of the Russian (IR - 10,36) and Tuvan (IR - 10,62) nationalities does not differ, but significantly (1.5 times) differs from the indicator in healthy individuals (IR - 15,12).ConclusionsThe background level of dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in patients of Tuvan nationality is significantly more pronounced, however, the index of Cortisol/ACTH ratios (IR) in each ethnic group of patients is constant in this disease, which is characterized by a high level of stress.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Affective Temperaments and Suicidality in Patients with Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Luciano M. 
Published: September 2022

Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in patients with Bipolar Disorder (BD). Several risk factors linked to suicide attempts in patients with BD have been identified, including a long duration of illness, untreated BD, female sex, positive history for suicide attempts, comorbidity with substance abuse or personality disorders, anxiety, depressive polarity and recent psychiatric inpatient care. Recently affective temperaments have been considered as possible factors for suicide in BD. While hyperthymic temperament is associated with a reduced risk of suicide attempts, cyclothymic, irritable, depressive and anxious temperaments are more represented in patients with a positive history of suicide attempts. Moreover, cyclothymic and irritable temperaments are highly connected with both aggression and impulsivity, which play a role in suicidal behaviours. Despite this evidence, the predictive role of affective temperaments on suicide behaviours is still poorly studied. In this contribution, we will report results of a study aiming at assessing the relationship between affective temperaments and personal history of violent suicide attempts, in 74 patients with BD. Violent suicide attempts were positively associated with cyclothymic temperament and inversely to hyperthymic one. BD-I patients and patients with a clinical history of rapid cycling were significantly more represented in the group of patients with a history of violent suicide attempts. Our results suggest the role of affective temperaments in the suicidality of patients with BD.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychiatric admission among migrants: a retrospective study in acute psychiatric ward in Bologna, Italy
Authors: Galatolo M. , Biagini R. , D’Andrea G. , Farruggio M. , Carloni A.L. , Iuzzolino G. , Allegri D. , Descovich C. , Muratori R. , Tarricone I. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionNumerous evidences point out how migrants use health services differently than the natives. Migrants turn more frequently to the ED for psychiatric problems and less to territorial psychiatric services than the native population. Other differences can be found in terms of diagnosis, type of discharge, type of hospitalization.ObjectivesOur study has the objective of evaluating the incidence of psychiatric hospitalizations of migrant patients compared to natives in a well-defined area of the metropolitan city of Bologna and evaluate the effect of the Covid 19 pandemic on the incidence of psychiatric hospitalizations among migrants and on their clinical characteristics.MethodsThe study conducted is of an observational and retrospective type on migrant and native patients admitted to the psychiatric unit “SPDC-Malpighi” of the DSM-DP of Bologna AUSL between 01/01/2018 and 31/12/2020.Results

Migrants were more likely to be admitted via ED and less likely to be referred from a CMHC or from non-psychiatric hospital unit compared with natives. Most migrants were discharged at home while natives more frequently chose to self-discharge. With regard to diagnosis, migrants were more likely to be admitted due to a SSD, while natives were more likely to be diagnosed with a MD or SUD.ConclusionsWe confirm the presence of differences in access to care, type of discharge and type of diagnosis between migrants and natives. Further studies to investigate changes in pre and post Covid admissions in migrants would be needed.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Pastoral psychiatry – towards new understanding
Authors: Kosmowski W. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCultural psychiatry is an area of psychiatry that has been growing in importance recently. According to the new definition, mental health requires harmony with the universal values of society (Galderisi et al., 2017). Faith is considered an important factor in culture. Theology can enable a better understanding of psychiatric problems and distinction between spiritual and mental issues. “Pastoral theology aims at constructing models of redeeming activity of the Church which are current in these days, and will be current in the nearest future” (Przygoda, 2013). This discipline must recognize and evaluate the impact of contemporary sciences, including psychiatry, on theology and ecclesiastical activity.ObjectivesThis study aims to prepare a modern concept of pastoral psychiatry, which will be used to prepare a textbook, teaching aids and teaching plan for this discipline.MethodsTextbooks and articles in psychiatry, psychology and related disciplines, and pastoral theology monographs were analyzed. This was followed by the conceptualization of areas of interest and methodological standards.ResultsTextbooks on this problem were published several decades ago (Gabriel, 1933; Bless, 1949; Polish edition issued in 1980, translated with amendments by Kaczmarek). Since then, knowledge has advanced considerably. Textbooks of psychiatry and psychology only selectively consider the Christian perspective.Conclusions“Pastoral Psychiatry” should be helpful for priests, theologians, believers, doctors, psychologists. It requires the work of authors with theological and psychiatric competence. It will create ways of agreement, facilitate understanding of different perspectives, increase competence: theologians, priests – to better understand modern psychiatry; psychiatrists, psychologists – to better help religious patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Migrants in Greece and mental health issues
Authors: Zartaloudi A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMigration is a difficult and painful process for individuals, since they could no longer rely on the supportive structures of their own country that would help them develop resilience and mental well-being, on the one hand and, on the other hand, they may be obliged to find a new identity and adapt to a new social context.ObjectivesTo identify mental health issues in migrants in Greece.MethodsA literature review has been made through PubMed database.Results
First-generation immigrants exhibited an increased risk of poor mental health including increased levels of depression, post-traumatic disorder and anxiety compared to local population. When immigrants come to a new country, they often experience culture shock, significantly influencing their mental health. The term “culture shock” describes feelings of weakness and a state of disorientation of individuals living in a new environment as well as the difficulties they face in the process of their adapting to the new conditions. Individuals lack a social supportive environment while experiencing lack of acceptance, as well as social discrimination, economic exploitation and racism by local society. Additionally, their cultural background can influence and differentiate the way they perceive, react and cope stressful conditions.ConclusionsFor the smooth completion of the cultural process, mutual adaption to the new conditions of both migrants and host society is needed, focusing on the understanding of different cultural heritage, as well as on the respect and recognition of rights of both sides.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Con?icted Identities and Art Therapy: Practices and Case Studies in Kolozsvar/Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Authors: Chirilă E. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Cluj-Napoca in Transylvania, Romania, has a historically multiethnic population who maintain their language-based cultural identities. In order to harmonize interethnic relations in our multicultural society, art-therapeutical methods depend on the need to establish a sensitive relationship between the cultural horizon of individuals, thus increasing self-confidence, tolerance, resilience.ObjectivesThe objectives are : to develop social skills, which facilitate the social and professional integration of children and adolescents belonging to ethnic groups living together, including those with disabilities.MethodsClinical art therapy have unfolded within interdisciplinary teams: a neuropsychiatry doctor, a psychologist, a pedagogue, a social worker, an art therapist– each one having a specialized role. A medical project was transformed into an artistic project: E xperimenting with complex relationships: shape of the human body – shape of man-made objects and the creation of personal shapes conduct to harmonize interethnic relations in a multicultural place.ResultsFocus on several objectives: - practicing the abilities to express one’s feelings - the consolidation of self-respect and of confidence - the training of empathy - the development of personal problem and conflict solving strategies -the breaking through the emotional blockages - the improvement of cognitive abilities -the release of tension, frustrations, anxieties, stress -the development of social skillsConclusionsBenefits arise from experiences based in artistic creativity: materializing ideas and coping with unexpected outcomes.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Clinical characteristics of treatment-resistant depression in adults in Hungary: Real-world evidence from a 7-year-longz retrospective data analysis
Authors: Rihmer Z. 
Published: September 2022

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is associated with poor quality of life, elevated morbidity and mortality and high economic burden.Our observational retrospective epidemiological study have estimated the rate of patients with TRD within a cohort of major depressive disorder (MDD) patients in Hungary and examine the comorbidities and mortality of patients with and without TRD.Our study included patients with MDD who experienced new onset of depressive episode and received antidepressant prescription between 01 January 2009 and 31 August 2015, using data from nationwide, longitudinal database. A patient was considered to have TRD if two different antidepressant treatments had failed during a given pharmacologically treated periode.Overall, 99,531 MDD patients were included, of which 8,268 (8,3%) met the criteria of TRD. Patients with TRD had significantly higher rate of having “Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders”, autoimmune disorders, cardio-or cerebrovascular diseases, thyroid disorders and suicide attempts than non-TRD patients (for all comparisons, p < 0,005).Ths first study to assess the frequency of TRD in Hungary have found that the proportion of TRD is in the same range as in studies with similar methodology reported form other countries. The majority of our other main findings are also in line with previous studies from other countries.DisclosureThis study was founded by Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnsson and Johnsson. I, as scientific advisor/consultant have received honoraria as I have participated in conceptualization, investigation, validation and writing this lecture.
Association between inflammation and neural plasticity biomarkers in olfactory neuroepithelium – derived cells and cognitive performance in patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Toll A. , Portella M. , Robledo P. , Barrera-Conde M. , De La Torre R. , Ginés J.M. , Diez-Aja C. , Soria V. , Lopez-Garcia P. , Pérez-Solà V. , Alvarez P. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionInflammation and neural plasticity play a significant role in major depressive disorder (MDD) pathogenesis and cognitive dysfunction. The olfactory neuroepithelium (ON), closely related to the central nervous system (CNS), allows a non-invasive, low-cost study of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, few studies have used ON cells to ascertain them as biomarkers for MDD.ObjectivesDetermine the relationship between inflammatory/neural plasticity markers and cognitive functioning in MDD patients and healthy controls.MethodsSample: 9 MDD patients and 7 healthy controls. Exclusion criteria: other Axis I mental disorders (patients) or any mental disorder (controls) and any inflammatory, autoimmune, or CNS diseases. Assessment: sociodemographic, clinical, and cognitive variables (CANTAB) were recorded. mRNA was isolated from ON cells and MAPK14, IL6, TNF-α, Mecp2, BDNF, GSK3, GRIA2, and FosB gene expression levels were quantified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.ResultsMDD patients showed decreased levels of BDNF (p=0.022), GSK3 (p=0.027), and working memory (p=0.024) compared with healthy controls. In healthy controls, planning was positively correlated with NRF2, BDNF, and MAPK14 gene expression. In MDD patients no correlation between cognitive parameters and inflammation/neural plasticity biomarkers was found.ConclusionsThese results reveal that: (1) Plasticity biomarkers such as BDNF and GSK3 could be useful diagnostic tools for MDD (2) MDD is associated with working memory deficits; (3) no association could be determined between planning and NRF2, BDNF, and MAPK14 gene expression in MDD and (4) the ON is a promising model in the study of neuropsychiatric disorders.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Preoccupied attachment style and beliefs about medicines in patients with Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Santarelli G. , Sanfilippo G. , Benvenuti F. , Santoro L. , Nistri A. , Ballerini A. , Ricca V. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAttachment style is defined by the American Psychological Association as “the characteristic way people relate to others in the context of intimate relationships”. Four attachment styles have been described: secure, fearful, preoccupied, and dismissing. While the effect of attachment style on psychotherapy was widely investigated, few studies have investigated its role in determining beliefs about medicines in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between preoccupied attachment style and beliefs about medicines in patients with MDD.Methods27 patients admitted in the Psychiatric Unit of Careggi with diagnosis of MDD were enrolled. Working Alliance Inventory - patient version (WAI-P), Relationship Style Questionnaire (RSQ) and Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) were administered. An ANCOVA model having BMQ total score as dependent variable and age, sex, RSQ preoccupied attachment subscale and WAI-P task subscale as predictors was considered. WAI-P task was intended to assess the role of agreement on therapeutic choices.ResultsThe overall model was significant (F(4,22)=9,571, P<0.001) and explained 66.8% of BMQ total score variance (R2=0.668). Both RSQ preoccupied attachment subscale (B=3.331, t(22)=3.907, p=0.001) and WAI-P task subscale (B=0.238, t(22)=4.565, p<0.001) showed a positive correlation with BMQ total scores. RSQ preoccupied attachment subscale explained 44.6% of variance of BMQ total scores (partial η2=0.446), WAI-P task explained 52.3% of variance of BMQ total scores (partial η2= 0.523). Age (B=0.059, t(22)=1.588, p=0.129) and sex (F(1,22)=0.035, p=0.854) had no significant effect.ConclusionsThese preliminary data suggest a possible influence of preoccupied attachment style on beliefs about medicines in patients with MDD.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Sodium Oxybate: a Substitute for Alcohol?
Authors: Gual A. , López-Pelayo H. , Bruguera P. , Miquel L. 
Published: September 2022

Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a neurotransmitter found naturally in the human brain. Sodium oxybate (SO) is the sodium salt of GHB. In 2000 GHB was classified a Schedule I controlled substance, while SO became a Schedule III controlled substance for medicinal use under the Controlled Substances Act. SO and alcohol share a similar pharmacological profile. GHB acts on GABAB receptors and extrasynaptic GABAA receptors resulting in alcohol-mimetic effects in several CNS actions. It substitutes the discriminative stimulus effects of alcohol in rats, and has cross tolerance with alcohol. All together, this leads to think of SO as a substitution therapy for alcohol use disorders. SO was initially studied in the prevention of alcohol withdrawal, and it showed similar efficacy to benzodiacepines. The studies on relapse prevention were developed later and the results are mixed and more complex to understand. While open label studies show a positive effect, RCTs have not been able to show a significant effect for the whole sample. Nevertheless, post-hoc analysis show a robust effect in the subsample of patients with high risk drinking levels, that would be the preferred target for a substitution treatment. The potential for abuse of GHB is well documented, which should be no surprise for a substitution treatment. Nevertheless, when correctly prescribed the risk of abuse of SO remains very low, as shown both in clinical trials and in the pharmacovigilance database, with more than 260000 cases documented. SO can be considered a substitution treatment, effective in patients with high risk drinking levels.DisclosureI was investigator in the SMO study on sodium oxybate, funded by D&A Pharma.
Psychopathological features of hysterical disorders arising as part of affective disorders and schizophrenia
Authors: Barkhatova A. , Popov S. , Sorokin S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionHysterical disorders were considered separately in the context of the dynamics of the course of either endogenous affective diseases or schizophrenia, without attention to the conjugation and interaction of issues of hysterical symptoms and affective or psychotic syndromes.ObjectivesTo test the psychopathological structure and provide a typology of the conjugation of hysterical symptoms with other psychopathological syndromes.Methods120 patients (82 women and 38 men) with schizophrenic and affective disorders with associated hysterical symptoms were examined by a clinical psychopathological method.ResultsThree variants of conjugation were identified. In the group of hysterical disorders associated with affective diseases (37,1%) the structure and dynamics of hysterical symptoms directly influenced the developing affective phase: the low intensity of hysterical symptoms contributed to the development of an apatho-adynamic type of depression, and bright and spontaneous hysterical manifestations formed an anxious-hypochondriac type of depression. Hysterical disorders formed in the structure of the psychotic state (41,4%) influenced the nature, structure, dynamics and content of delusional, hallucinatory and paranoid disorders. “Caste” hysterical symptoms (21,4%) revealed a lack of connection with affective and psychotic states. Hysterical symptoms were characterized by persistence, stability, invariability of manifestations, long-term psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological resistance.ConclusionsClinical and psychopathological analysis of endogenous mental diseases of the affective and schizophrenic spectrum, occurring with hysterical symptoms, showed that the parameter of the conjugation of hysterical symptoms with other psychopathological syndromes is prognostically significant.DisclosureNo significant relationships.