bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vegetation shadow casts impact remotely sensed reflectance from permafrost thaw ponds in the subarctic forest-tundra zone
Authors: Freitas Pedro , Vieira Gonçalo , Mora Carla , Canário João , Vincent Warwick F. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThermokarst lakes and ponds are a common landscape feature resulting from permafrost thaw, but their intense greenhouse gas emissions are still poorly constrained as a feedback mechanism for global warming because of their diversity, abundance, and remoteness. Thermokarst waterbodies may be small and optically diverse, posing specific challenges for optical remote sensing regarding detection, classification, and monitoring. This is especially relevant when accounting for external factors that affect water reflectance, such as scattering and vegetation shadow casts. In this study, we evaluated the effects of shadowing across optically diverse waterbodies located in the forest–tundra zone of northern Canada. We used ultra-high spatial resolution multispectral data and digital surface models obtained from unmanned aerial systems for modeling and analyzing shadow effects on water reflectance at Earth Observation satellite overpass time. Our results show that shadowing causes variations in reflectance, reducing the usable area of remotely sensed pixels for waterbody analysis in small lakes and ponds. The effects were greater on brighter and turbid inorganic thermokarst lakes embedded in post-glacial silt–clay marine deposits and littoral sands, where the mean reflectance decrease was from -51 to -70%, depending on the wavelength. These effects were also dependent on lake shape and vegetation height and were amplified in the cold season due to low solar elevations. Remote sensing will increasingly play a key role in assessing thermokarst lake responses and feedbacks to global change, and this study shows the magnitude and sources of optical variations caused by shading that need to be considered in future analyses.
What should scientists do about (harmful) interactive effects?
Authors: Godman Marion , Marchionni Caterina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe phenomenon of interactive human kinds, namely kinds of people that undergo change in reaction to being studied or theorised about, matters not only for the reliability of scientific claims, but also for its wider, sometimes harmful effects at the group or societal level, such as contributing to negative stigmas or reinforcing existing inequalities. This paper focuses on the latter aspect of interactivity and argues that scientists studying interactive human kinds are responsible for foreseeing harmful effects of their research and for devising ways of mitigating them.
Experiment Study of the Evolution of Coral Sand Particle Clouds in Water
Authors: Chen Jie , Yao Zhen , Jiang Chang-bo , Wu Zhi-yuan , Deng Bin , Long Yuan-nan , Bian Cheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe motion of particle clouds (i.e., sediment clouds) usually can be found in engineering applications such as wastewater discharge, land reclamation, and marine bed capping. In this paper, a series of laboratory tests are conducted on coral sand to investigate the shape feature of the single particle and the mixing processes of the coral sand particle clouds. The shape of coral sand particle is measured and quantified. The experimental results demonstrate that the shape of coral sand particles tends to be spherical as the particle size decreases, and empirical equations were established to explain the variation of D50 and fS,50 of coral sand. Compared with the silica sand, the evolution of the coral sand particle cloud still experiences three stages, but the threshold for the Reynolds number of particle clouds entering the next stage changes. Further, the normalized axial distance of the coral sand particle clouds is 58% smaller. The frontal velocity exhibits similar varying tendency for the coral sand particle cloud. Considering the difference in shape between coral sand particles and silica sand particles, a semi-empirical formula was proposed based on the original silica sand prediction formula by adding the shape factor and the experimental data of 122 µm⩽D50⩽842 µm. It can predict the frontal velocity of the coral sand particle clouds.
No dynamic changes in the expression of genes related to the epigenetic mechanism during acute exercise
Authors: Światowy Witold Józef , Zieliński Jacek , Osielska Maria Aleksandra , Kusy Krzysztof , Wieliński Dariusz , Pławski Andrzej , Jagodziński Paweł Piotr 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPhysical exercise results in structural remodeling in tissues and modifies cellular metabolism. Changes in gene expression lie at the root of these adaptations. Epigenetic changes are one of the factors responsible for such exercise-related alterations. One-hour acute exercise will change DNMT1, HDAC1, and JHDM1D transcriptions in PBMC. This study examined changes in the expression of genes responsible for epigenetic modifications (HDAC1, DNMT1, and JHDM1D) during and after an incremental exercise test on a treadmill and a 30-min recovery. Blood samples from 9 highly trained triathletes were tested. Examination of the transcripts showed no significant changes. Correlations between transcript results and biochemical indices revealed a significant (p = 0.007) relationship between JHDM1D mRNA and the number of monocytes at peak exercise intensity (exhaustion), while there was no significant (p = 0.053) correlation at rest. There are no rapid changes in the mRNA levels of the genes studied in blood cells in competitive athletes during acute exercise and recovery. Due to the small group of subjects studied, more extensive research is needed to verify correlations between transcription and biochemical variables.
Influence of Nano-glass Powder on the Characteristics Properties as Well as Stability Against Firing for Geopolymer Composites
Authors: Khater H. M. , Ghareeb M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInfluence of nano-glass powder on physico-mechanical properties of geopolymer composite materials has been studied, in addition to studying their firing stability against high temperature from 500 up to 1000 °C. For increasing mechanical, physical as well as firing stability for metakaolin composites; Nano-glass powder was used. Alumino-silicate materials are kaolin, fired kaolin (metakaolin) and limestone all pass 75 µm. Materials prepared at water/binder ratios in a range of 0.40; whereas the used activator 5 M sodium hydroxide with equal volume of liquid sodium silicate. Nano-glass powder added as a partial replacement for metakaolin material in the ratio of 1 up to 9%. Results indicated that compressive strengths of geopolymer mixes incorporating Nano glass powder were obviously higher than those of control one and increased up to 7% followed by slight decrease of on using 9%. Firing of hardened geopolymer results in high thermal resistance up to 500 °C then exposed to decrease up to 800 then increased again at 1000 °C for specimens incorporated 7 and 9% nano-glass powder. However, no micro-cracks were noticed up to 800 °C for all samples as recorded by visual examination of the fired samples.
Boosting the photocatalytic properties of NaTaO3 by coupling with AgBr
Authors: Puga F. , Navío J. A. , Hidalgo M. C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAgBr/NaTaO3composites, with different molar % of NaTaO3(Br/NTO(X%)), have been synthesized by simple precipitation methods; bare NaTaO3was synthesized by hydrothermal procedure, while AgBr was synthesized by a precipitation procedure using cetyl-tri-methyl-ammonium bromide (CTAB) and AgNO3. Samples have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2adsorption, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared photo-catalysts was evaluated through photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB), methyl orange (MO) and caffeic acid (CAFA) under UV and visible illumination. Single AgBr material and Br/NTO(X%) composites displayed the ability to absorb light in the visible region, while NaTaO3is only photoactive under UV irradiation. Based on the position of conduction and valence bands of AgBr and NaTaO3, the heterojunction between these two photo-catalysts corresponds to a type II junction. In the case of photocatalytic degradation of RhB and CAFA, Br/NTO(x%) composites have highest photocatalytic activity than that obtained by both parental materials under the same operational conditions. AgBr and Br/NTO(x%) composites achieve a fast degradation of MO, together with a considerable adsorption capacity, attributed to the presence of a remaining amount of residual CTAB on the AgBr surface. In summary, coupling AgBr with NaTaO3improves the photocatalytic activity under both UV and visible illumination with respect to the parental components, but the performance of the composites is highly dependent on the type of substrate to be degraded and the illumination conditions.
BKGNN-TI: A Bilinear Knowledge-Aware Graph Neural Network Fusing Text Information for Recommendation
Authors: Zhang Yang , Li Chuanzhen , Cai Juanjuan , Liu Yuchen , Wang Hui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractKnowledge graph (KG)-based recommendation methods effectively alleviate the data sparsity and cold-start problems in collaborative filtering. Among these methods, neighborhood-based methods are the mainstream methods. However, these methods ignore some meta-information about the items, specifically, the diversity of item information (e.g., texts) and feature interaction between neighboring nodes. In this paper, we propose a Bilinear Knowledge-aware Graph Neural Network Fusing Text Information (BKGNN-TI), which can model both knowledge graph information and text information. In particular, the information in knowledge graph contains not only the existing high-order connectivity but also feature interactions between neighboring nodes at the same level in KG. First, we construct the information propagation layer using the bilinear collector and linear collector. Feature interactions between neighboring nodes and the high-order connectivity are collected in the information propagation layer to generate the item knowledge representations. The bilinear collector emphasizes the importance of second-order feature interaction between neighboring nodes in the KG. Then, texts are also introduced when computing the item representations, which can help further infer user interests. We choose objective program titles and introductions as text information to avoid the influence of subjective factors. BKGNN-TI designs an ALBERT-based sequence encoder to encode texts by the structure of ALBERT+Bi-LSTM+Attention, thus enriching the feature representations of the items. In the experiments, we utilize two language datasets, i.e., the English public dataset Movielens-20M and the Chinese dataset IPTV constructed by ourselves. The results demonstrate that our BKGNN-TI outperforms baselines, indicating that our BKGNN-TI is a generalization for both Chinese and English datasets.
Biblical Heroes and Classical Culture in Christian Late Antiquity
Authors: Bay Carson 
Published: November 2022

In this volume, Carson Bay focuses on an important but neglected work of Late Antiquity: Pseudo-Hegesippus' On the Destruction of Jerusalem (De Excidio Hierosolymitano), a Latin history of later Second Temple Judaism written during the fourth century CE. Bay explores the presence of so many Old Testament figures in a work that recounts the Roman-Jewish War (66–73 CE) and the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE. By applying the lens of Roman exemplarity to Pseudo-Hegesippus, he elucidates new facets of Biblical reception, history-writing, and anti-Judaism in a text from the formative first century of Christian Empire. The author also offers new insights into the Christian historiographical imagination and how Biblical heroes and Classical culture helped Christians to write anti-Jewish history. Revealing novel aspects of the influence of the Classical literary tradition on early Christian texts, this book also newly questions the age-old distinction between the Christian and the Classical (or 'pagan') in the ancient Mediterranean world.
Edición latinoamericana como empresa improbable: César Aira en México (1994–2018)
Authors: Riveiro María Belén 
Published: November 2022

ResumenLa historia de la literatura universal contiene capítulos latinoamericanos vitales, como el del boom. La universalidad y la posibilidad de trascender lo nacional son recursos distribuidos inequitativamente, como argumentará este artículo en discusión con trabajos que decretan la democratización de la literatura. Este artículo analiza las condiciones que hacen posible la circulación latinoamericana del escritor argentino César Aira mediante la reconstrucción de las ediciones de sus libros en México, central para la edición en castellano. Este análisis, en primer lugar, complejiza la polarización del campo editorial; en segundo, indaga en los modos como editoriales distintas responden a la concentración y extranjerización; en tercero, produce conocimiento sobre un escritor con creciente prestigio internacional; y por último, sostiene la productividad metodológica de las trayectorias editoriales de escritores. Se propone que las editoriales son centrales para estudiar los lazos regionales e hipotetiza que las editoriales medianas que apuestan por catálogos de literatura latinoamericana a largo plazo parecen empresas improbables.
Colonies on the cover: Italo Balbo's Libia
Authors: Manfren Priscilla 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis essay will consider some key aspects of the imagery of the ventennio regarding the Italian overseas territories through the analysis of the covers of the illustrated magazine Libia, launched in 1937 in the context of the so-called ‘Fourth Shore’ of Italy, ruled between 1934 and 1940 by governor Italo Balbo. Firstly, this essay will address the existing bibliography on the relations between the press and Italian colonialism. Then, it will examine the figure of Balbo over two sections – one relating to his activities for the development of Libya, the other dedicated to his relationship with the arts – unpacking the close links between the work of the governor in the colony and the periodical. The final part of the article will focus on Libia, examining the themes and subjects chosen to illustrate its covers and the several artists who collaborated with the magazine as illustrators.
The denial of shame: representations and annual commemorations of the Ethiopian war in the news magazine Epoca (1950–60)
Authors: Cadamuro Elena 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article investigates how the Ethiopian war was represented by Epoca – the most prolific Italian weekly news magazine for illustrated reportage in postwar Italy – during the last phase of Italian colonialism (1950–60). The analysis focuses specifically on two photographic commemorations published on the twentieth (1955) and twenty-fifth anniversary (1960). The aim of this contribution is to examine these iconotexts in order to display how the interplay between images and words transmitted a selective and codified memory whose path mainly moved from nostalgia to pride while remaining characterised by a complete rejection of the feeling of shame. This representation was not even questioned by the references to those elements that will be considered, in the long-term, as evidence of the brutality of this colonial enterprise: those signals appear not to have been removed, but rather silenced and not truly comprehended, preventing the sense of shame from taking root in Epoca until 1995.
Paleoenvironment and human activity on the central Korean Peninsula during the late MIS 3 and MIS 2
Authors: U Chol , Choe Rye Sun , Ri Jae Nam , Han Myong Gol 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLayers 12 and 13 of the Chongphadae Cave site located northwest of the central part of the Korean Peninsula include human fossils, fireplaces, a great number of lithic artefacts, and mammal remains. These layers represent new evidence for the paleoenvironment, human occupation, and activities in this region during the late MIS 3 and MIS 2, associated with global cold and dry climate, respectively. Most of lithic artefacts collected are flake tools. Raw material selection, lithic reduction technology, and lithic industry represent peculiar local characteristics. Our analysis of faunal assemblages also suggests that the Chongphadae region had a rich ecosystem capable of forming a diverse mammalian fauna including ungulates (mainly deer and horses) during this period. It is likely that the mosaic landscapes, including grasslands, forests, rivers, and wetlands, provided a favorable environment for humans, as well as mammals and plants, and the occupants of the site actively hunted and gathered in a relatively temperate environment. Our study suggests that the central Korean Peninsula was not severely affected by global dry and cold events such as LGM, although it was a somewhat humid and cold environment during the late MIS 3 and MIS 2. The central Korean Peninsula may have existed as an unknown refugium (or area of endemism) in northeastern Asia during this time.
Black-White differences in perceived lifetime discrimination by education and income in the MIDUS Study in the U.S.
Authors: Rodriguez Javier M. , Koo Chungeun , Di Pasquale Giacomo , Assari Shervin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere is growing evidence on the negative effects of perceived discrimination on health outcomes and their interactions with indicators of socioeconomic status. However, less has been studied on whether income and education lead individuals of a different race to encounter different discriminatory experiences in their lifetime. Using data from the national survey of the Midlife Development in the United States—MIDUS 1 (1995-1996) and MIDUS Refresher (2011-2014)—on eight measures of perceived lifetime discrimination, this study compares discriminatory experiences of Black and White persons in two time periods. We applied generalized structural equation models and generalized linear models to test multiplicative effects of income and education by race on lifetime discrimination. In both periods, we find substantive disparities between White and Black people in all types of lifetime discrimination, with Black people reporting much higher levels of discrimination. Such disparities exacerbated in the top cohorts of society, yet these associations have changed in time, with White individuals reporting increasing levels of discrimination. Results show that, for Black people in the mid-1990s, perceived discrimination increased as education and income increased. This finding persisted for education by the early 2010s; income effects changed as now both, low- and high-income Black people, reported the highest levels of discrimination. These findings highlight a policy conundrum, given that increasing income and education represent a desirable course of action to improve overall discrimination and health outcomes. Yet, we show that they may unintendingly exacerbate racial disparities in discrimination. We also show that the U.S. is moving toward a stagnation period in health outcomes improvement, with racial disparities in discrimination shrinking at the expense of a deterioration of whites’ lifetime discriminatory experiences. Our results highlight the need for a multi-systems policy approach to prevent all forms of discrimination including those due to historical, institutional, legal, and sociopolitical structures.
Bifocal stance theory, the transmission metaphor, and institutional reality
Authors: Packer Martin J. , Cole Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Biologists have replaced the metaphor of “genetic transmission” with a detailed account of the molecular mechanisms underlying the phenomenon which Darwin referred to as “like produces like.” Cultural evolution theorists, in contrast, continue to appeal to “imitation” or “copying.” The notion of ritual and instrumental stances does not resolve this issue, and ignores the institutions in which people live.
Non-instrumental actions can communicate roles and relationships, not just rituals
Authors: Thomas Ashley J. , Radkani Setayesh , Hung Michelle S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Actions that do not have instrumental goals can communicate social goals that are not rituals. Many non-instrumental actions such as bowing or kissing communicate a commitment to or roles in dyadic relationships. What is unclear is when people understand such actions in terms of ritual and when they understand them in terms of relationships.
Tradition–invention dichotomy and optimization in the field of science
Authors: Watve Mukta , Watve Milind 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The central idea of the bifocal stance theory (BST) by Jagiello et al. has substantial relevance to scientific research. Both tradition-following and exploration-innovation are important in science and researchers subconsciously try to optimize their strategies. We outline three important dimensions of this optimization and argue that attempts to understand this complex process can help us design better science education, research training, investigation, and science publication.
Considering individual differences and variability is important in the development of the bifocal stance theory
Authors: Puttre Hannah , Corriveau Kathleen H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractJagiello and colleagues offer a bifocal stance theory of cultural evolution for understanding how individuals flexibly choose between instrumental and ritual stances in social learning. We argue that the role of culture, developmental age-related differences, and the intersectionality of these and other individual's identities need to be more fully considered in this theoretical framework.
Psychological closeness and concrete construal may underlie high-fidelity social emulation
Authors: Kalkstein David A. , Trope Yaacov 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We compare bifocal stance theory's (BST) approach to social learning to construal level theory's (CLT) – a social-cognitive theory positing that psychological closeness to a model influences action-representation and thus modulates how concretely or abstractly observers emulate models. Whereas BST argues that social motives produce higher fidelity emulation, CLT argues that psychological closeness impacts cognitive construal and produces more concrete emulation across diverse motivations for emulation.
Activation of stance by cues, or attunement to the invariants in a populated environment?
Authors: Nonaka Tetsushi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
While I agree with the distinction between expedient and proper ways of action, I find Jagiello et al.'s account of “stance switching” debatable. Fundamental to theories of cultural evolution is the fact that the shared environment is indefinitely rich, in which individuals are provided with opportunities for learning to tune themselves to specific affordances that are relevant to emerging situations.
Cultural evolution is not independent of linguistic evolution and social aspects of language use
Authors: Scharinger Mathias , Erfurth Luise M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The bifocal stance theory (BST) focuses on cultural evolution without alluding to associated processes in linguistic evolution and language use. The authors briefly comment on language acquisition but leave underexplored the applicability of BST to linguistic evolution, to changes of language representations, and to possible consequences for constructing social identity, based on, for example, collective resilience processes within language communities.