bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zero‐Profile Implant System for Treatment of Dysphagia Caused by Noncontiguous Anterior Cervical Osteophytes—A Case Report with Literature Review
Authors: Peng Zihan , Liu Hao , Hong Ying , Meng Yang 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundEsophageal cervical spondylosis is a rare type of cervical spondylosis which causes dysphagia. Surgical osteophyte resection is taken when conservative treatment does not respond. However, few reports on its operation and postoperative follow‐up. We first present a case showing how the Zero‐Profile implant system is utilized to treat dysphagia caused by noncontiguous anterior cervical osteophytes.Case PresentationA patient with progressive dysphagia was referred to our department. Imaging examinations revealed a large diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) related anterior osteophyte in C3/4, C6/7 and ossification of the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments. Anterior cervical osteophytectomy, discectomy, and fusion were performed on C3/4, C6/7. Two Zero‐Profile implants were implanted. Postoperative dysphagia was significantly improved, and the patient was free to swallow large pills or solid foods at nine‐years follow‐up.ConclusionOsteophyte excision can effectively treat esophageal cervical spondylosis, This case shows that fusion using the Zero‐Profile implant system is a viable option for patients with potential cervical instability following osteophyte resection.
Heat stress affects potato's volatile emissions that mediate agronomically important trophic interactions
Authors: Munawar Asim , Zhang Yadong , Zhong Jian , Ge Yang , Abou El‐Ela Amr S. , Mao Zhiyao , Ntiri Eric S. , Mao Li‐Juan , Zhu Zengrong , Zhou Wenwu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPotato, a cool‐weather crop, emits volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which attract the specialist herbivore, Phthorimaea operculella, but also this herbivore's parasitic wasp, Trichogramma chilonis, an important biocontrol agent. What happens to this trophic system when heat stress challenges this agro‐ecosystem? We studied how high temperature (HT) pre‐treatments influence potato's VOC emissions and their subsequent effects on the preferences of insects, as evaluated in oviposition assays and Y‐tube olfactometers. HT pre‐stressed plants were less attractive to P. operculella adult moths, which were repelled by HT VOCs, but increased the recruitment of the parasitoid, T. chilonis, which were attracted. VOC emissions, including the most abundant constituent, ß‐caryophyllene, were enhanced by HT treatments; some constituents elicited stronger behavioural responses than others. Transcripts of many genes in the biosynthetic pathways of these VOCs were significantly enhanced by HT treatment, suggesting increases in de novo biosynthesis. HT increased the plant's stomatal apertures, and exogenous applications of the hormone, ABA, known to suppress stomatal apertures, reduced leaf volatile emissions and affected the HT‐altered plant attractions to both insects. From these results, we infer that HT stress affects this plant‐insect interaction through its influence on VOC emissions, potentially decreasing herbivore ovipositions while increasing ovipositions of the parasitoid.
Yearling bulls have reduced sperm concentration and increased seminal plasma interleukin‐8 after a 28‐day breeding season
Authors: Snider Alexandria P. , McCarthy Kacie L. , Wright‐Johnson Elane C. , Ondrak Jeffrey D. , Oliver William T. , Dahlen Carl R. , Cushman Robert A. , Crouse Matthew S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe hypothesized that yearling bulls selected for a 28‐d breeding season would have reduced sperm concentrations and morphology, and have increased seminal plasma concentrations of pro‐inflammatory cytokine interleukin‐8 (IL‐8). Yearling bulls were selected based on a breeding soundness examination (BSE) at approximately 415 d of age and contained at least 750 million sperm in the ejaculate, with 12 bulls randomly selected for breeding (BREEDERS) and 12 bulls not selected for breeding (NON‐BREEDERS). After a 28‐d breeding period, all bulls underwent a BSE. Plasma and seminal plasma were collected at each time point for analysis. Data were analysed utilizing either the MIXED or GLIMMIX procedures with repeated measures in SAS with breeding group, age and the interaction as fixed effects. Sperm concentration per ml of ejaculate was reduced (p < .05) in yearling bulls used for breeding compared with those not used for breeding at the end of the breeding season. Seminal plasma IL‐8 concentrations in yearling bulls used for breeding were increased (p < .05) after the breeding season compared with bulls not used for breeding. Taken together, yearling bulls selected for a 28‐d breeding season have reduced sperm production per ml of an ejaculate and increased inflammatory response in the seminal plasma that can lead to impaired breeding response if they are to be used for more than 30 d of breeding.
Parcel Manager: A parcel reshaping model incorporating design rules of residential development
Authors: Colomb Maxime , Tannier Cécile , Perret Julien , Chapron Paul , Brasebin Mickaël 
Published: August 2022

AbstractParcels are the smallest units of land usually considered for urban development purposes. Analyses at the parcel level allow taking into account the administrative and physical environment of buildings with accuracy (roads, surrounding buildings, local design rules for building construction). In this article, we propose a free and open source software application, namely Parcel Manager, whose aims are twofold: (1) to assess the effects of different parcel reshaping rules and planning principles on the location, the number, and the shape of reshaped parcels; and (2) to provide a basis to assess the potential for new building construction. To this end, Parcel Manager simulates a large variety of parcel reshaping processes, with or without the joint creation of new roads, and produces realistic parcel layouts that represent either infill urban developments, edge expansions, or leapfrog developments. It can be used to determine if the densification of built parcels is feasible or not, regarding planning and design rules as well as the current urban fabric. The current version of Parcel Manager only concerns the reshaping of parcels dedicated to the construction of residential buildings but not other types of buildings.
Humoral and cellular response of COVID‐19 vaccine among solid organ transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Meshram Hari Shankar , Kute Vivek , Rane Hemant , Dave Ruchir , Banerjee Subho , Mishra Vineet , Chauhan Sanshriti 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to analyze the humoral and cellular response to standard and booster (additional doses) COVID‐19 vaccination in solid organ transplantation (SOT) and the risk factors involved for an impaired response.MethodsWe did a systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies published up until January 11, 2022, that reported immunogenicity of COVID‐19 vaccine among SOT. The study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42022300547.ResultsOf the 1527 studies, 112 studies, which involved 15391 SOT and 2844 healthy controls, were included. SOT showed a low humoral response (effect size [ES]: 0.44 [0.40–0.48]) in overall and in control studies (log‐Odds‐ratio [OR]: −4.46 [−8.10 to −2.35]). The humoral response was highest in liver (ES: 0.67 [0.61–0.74]) followed by heart (ES: 0.45 [0.32–0.59]), kidney (ES: 0.40 [0.36–0.45]), kidney‐pancreas (ES: 0.33 [0.13–0.53]), and lung (0.27 [0.17–0.37]). The meta‐analysis for standard and booster dose (ES: 0.43 [0.39–0.47] vs. 0.51 [0.43–0.54]) showed a marginal increase of 18% efficacy. SOT with prior infection had higher response (ES: 0.94 [0.92–0.96] vs. ES: 0.40 [0.39–0.41]; p‐value < .01). The seroresponse with mRNA‐12723 mRNA was highest 0.52 (0.40–0.64). Mycophenolic acid (OR: 1.42 [1.21–1.63]) and Belatacept (OR: 1.89 [1.3–2.49]) had highest risk for nonresponse. SOT had a parallelly decreased cellular response (ES: 0.42 [0.32–0.52]) in overall and control studies (OR: −3.12 [−0.4.12 to −2.13]).InterpretationOverall, SOT develops a suboptimal response compared to the general population. Immunosuppression including mycophenolic acid, belatacept, and tacrolimus is associated with decreased response. Booster doses increase the immune response, but further upgradation in vaccination strategy for SOT is required.
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Quality control validation for a veterinary laboratory network of six Sysmex XT‐2000iV hematology analyzers
Authors: Daly Susan , Graham Peter A. , Freeman Kathleen P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundQuality control (QC) validation is an important step in the laboratory harmonization process. This includes the application of statistical QC requirements, procedures, and control rules to identify and maintain ongoing stable analytical performance. This provides confidence in the production of patient results that are suitable for clinical interpretation across a network of veterinary laboratories.ObjectivesTo determine that a higher probability of error detection (Ped) and lower probability of false rejection (Pfr) using a simple control rule and one level of quality control material (QCM) could be achieved using observed analytical performance than by using the manufacturer's acceptable ranges for QCM on the Sysmex XT‐2000iV hematology analyzers for veterinary use. We also determined whether Westgard Sigma Rules could be sufficient to monitor and maintain a sufficiently high level of analytical performance to support harmonization.MethodsEZRules3 was used to investigate candidate QC rules and determine the Ped and Pfr of manufacturer's acceptable limits and also analyzer‐specific observed analytical performance for each of the six Sysmex analyzers within our laboratory system using the American Society of Veterinary Clinical Pathology (ASVCP)‐recommended or internal expert opinion quality goals (expressed as total allowable error, TEa) as the quality requirement. The internal expert quality goals were generated by consensus of the Quality, Education, Planning, and Implementation (QEPI) group comprised of five clinical pathologists and seven laboratory technicians and managers. Sigma metrics, which are a useful monitoring tool and can be used in conjunction with Westgard Sigma Rules, were also calculated.ResultsThe QC validation using the manufacturer's acceptable limits for analyzer 1 showed only 3/10 measurands reached acceptable Ped for veterinary laboratories (>0.85). For QC validation based on observed analyzer performance, the Ped was >0.94 using a 1‐2.5s QC rule for the majority of observations (57/60) across the group of analyzers at the recommended TEa. We found little variation in Pfr between manufacturer acceptable limits and individual analyzer observed performance as this is a characteristic of the rule used, not the analyzer performance.ConclusionsAn improved probability of error detection and probability of false rejection using a 1‐2.5s QC rule for individual analyzer QC was achieved compared with the use of the manufacturers' acceptable limits for hematology in veterinary laboratories. A validated QC rule (1‐2.5s) in conjunction with sigma metrics (>5.5), desirable bias, and desirable CV based on biologic variation was successful to evaluate stable analytical performance supporting continued harmonization across the network of analyzers.
Robbing Peter to Pay Paul: Chlorhexidine gluconate demonstrates short‐term efficacy and long‐term cytotoxicity
Authors: Cheong J. Z. Alex , Liu Aiping , Rust Clayton J. , Tran Collin L. , Hassan Sameeha E. , Kalan Lindsay R. , Gibson Angela L. F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWound cleansing agents are routine in wound care and preoperative preparation. Antiseptic activity intends to prevent contaminating microbes from establishing an infection while also raising concerns of cytotoxicity and delayed wound healing. We evaluated the cytotoxicity of five clinically used wound cleaning agents (saline, povidone iodine, Dove® and Dial® soaps, and chlorhexidine gluconate [CHG]) using both an ex vivo and in vivo human skin xenograft mouse model, in contrast to classical in vitro models that lack the structural and compositional heterogeneity of human skin. We further established an ex vivo wound contamination model inoculated with ~100 cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus to evaluate antimicrobial efficacy. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy were used to evaluate phenotypic and spatial characteristics of bacterial cells in wound tissue. CHG significantly reduced metabolic activity of the skin explants, while all treatments except saline affected local cellular viability. CHG cytotoxicity persisted and progressed over 14 days, impairing wound healing in vivo. Within the contamination model, CHG treatment resulted in a significant reduction of P. aeruginosa wound surface counts at 24 h post‐treatment. However, this effect was transient and serial application of CHG had no effect on both P. aeruginosa or S. aureus microbial growth. Microscopy revealed that viable cells of P. aeruginosa reside deep within wound tissue post‐CHG application, likely serving as a reservoir to re‐populate the tissue to a high bioburden. We reveal concerning cytotoxicity and limited antimicrobial activity of CHG in human skin using clinically relevant models, with the ability to resolve spatial localization and temporal dynamics of tissue viability and microbial growth.
Derecho del consumidor y derecho de seguros: Una convivencia pacífica
Authors: Signorino Barbat Andrea 
Published: August 2022

Existe una aparente disociación de objetivos entre el Derecho del consumidor y el Derecho de seguros, una supuesta contradicción que a veces enfrenta a la normativa de protección al consumidor con la normativa sobre el contrato de seguros.
El cuestionamiento surge en especial sobre si debe prevalecer la legislación relativa al contrato de seguros sobre la del consumidor, cual especie al género, y si esto siempre debe ser así o se admite la especialidad de la ley de defensa del consumidor en las áreas que le son propias.
Tema polémico, al menos discutido, ahora, ¿problema real? Intentaremos en este artículo aproximarnos a la respuesta a esta interrogante.
Numerical Study of Temperature Evolution During Friction Element Welding
Authors: Varma Ankit , Absar Saheem , Ruszkiewicz Brandt J. , Skovron Jamie D. , Mears Laine , Choi Hongseok , Zhao Xin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Welding of dissimilar materials is critical in industries where mixed materials with high strength-to-weight ratios are urgently needed. Friction element welding (FEW) is a promising solution, with the ability to join high strength materials for a wide range of thicknesses with low input energy and a short processing time. However, the temperature evolution and the influence of different processing parameters remain unclear. To bridge this knowledge gap, this work develops a coupled thermal–mechanical finite element model to study the FEW process. The simulation results agree well with the experimental measurements of material deformation and transient temperature evolution. It is found that the friction element’s rotational speed has the greatest impact on friction heat generation, followed by the processing times for different steps. The aluminum layer is heated during the penetration and cleaning steps, thus a lower rotational speed during the penetration step can help prevent the aluminum layer from undesired overheating. The steel layer and the friction element are mainly heated during the cleaning and welding steps. The strong heating, potentially melting, will be beneficial to the friction element’s plastic deformation and bond formation. To enhance the heating of the steel layer and the friction element, faster rotational speeds or longer processing periods could be employed during the cleaning and welding steps. The results by this study establish the relationship between processing conditions and the temperature evolution of different parts, which will guide the design and optimization of the FEW technique for various applications.
Reducing Pumping Power Consumption by Pulsed Operation?
Authors: Ciofalo Michele 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A computational study, based on exact solutions for transient laminar flow in pipes and on an empirical correlation for transition to turbulence in the presence of temporal acceleration, shows that, provided certain conditions are met, pumping an incompressible fluid at a prescribed flow rate by a series of consecutive pressure gradient pulses may require less mechanical power consumption than pumping the same flow rate under steady-state turbulent flow conditions. The reason is that, in the former case, the fluid is pumped under conditions of accelerated laminar flow, for which the onset of turbulence occurs at Reynolds numbers much larger than the steady-state critical value of ∼2,100. The conclusions of this study rest crucially on the exact criterion for transition to turbulence in accelerated laminar flow, for which, unfortunately, existing experimental results exhibit a large scatter and general consensus is still lacking. Also, this study adopts a simplified description of the problem, and further model refinements, design efforts, and supporting experimental tests will have to be performed before the hypothesis that pulsed pumping can provide energetic advantages can be demonstrated in “real-world” situations.
Profiles of Mental Well- and Ill-Being Among Elite Athletes: Associations With Sport-Related Demands and Resources
Authors: Kaski Satu , Arvinen-Barrow Monna , Kinnunen Ulla , Parkkari Jari 
Published: August 2022

The aim of the present study was to identify profiles of elite athlete mental well- and ill-being and study how the profiles (i.e., subgroups of athletes) differed in sport-related demands and resources. A total of 259 Finnish elite athletes (n = 170 active and n = 89 retired) completed quantitative self-report inventories. Through cluster analysis, four profiles of mental well- and ill-being were identified. Profile 1 was overrepresented by retired, older, and male athletes, and characterized by good mental well-being. Profile 2 consisted mainly of active athletes who reported mild risk for alcohol abuse. Profile 3 consisted mainly of women who displayed possible presence of an eating disorder. Profile 4 was typical of young athletes with mental ill-being. The balance between sport-related demands and resources appeared to be the healthiest in Profile 1 and worst in Profile 4. The present findings are beneficial for those who work with and/or provide psychological support to athletes.
“I Felt Like . . . They Left Me to Fend for Myself”: A Mixed-Method Examination of Sense of Belonging Among Minoritized Groups in Sport Academic Programs
Authors: Kluch Yannick , Taylor Elizabeth A. , Wright-Mair Raquel , Boring Dakota 
Published: August 2022

Drawing from Strayhorn’s model of educational sense of belonging and Vaccaro and Newman’s model of belonging for privileged and minoritized students, this study utilized a mixed-method approach to examine to what extent students from minoritized groups feel like they belong in the sport management classroom. Significant differences in sense of belonging were found based on visible identities such as gender or race. In addition, our qualitative data revealed five higher-order themes that positively or negatively impacted students’ sense of belonging across identity groups: (a) representation, (b) community, (c) support, (d) accomplishments, and (e) academic and professional experience. Limitations, implications, and directions for future research are discussed.
Supplemental Material: A 50 m.y. melting model for the rare metal–rich Koktokay pegmatite in the Chinese Altai: Implications from a newly identified Jurassic granite
Authors: Han Jinsheng , Chen Huayong , et al.  
Published: August 2022

<p>Table S1: Major-element (wt%) and trace-element (ppm) compositions of apatite from the granite apophysis and the Koktokay No. 3 pegmatite. Table S2: Major-element composition of columbite in the granite apophysis. Table S3: Major- and trace-element composition of micas in the granite apophysis. Table S4: Major (wt%) and trace (ppm) elements for the granite apophysis. Table S5: LA-ICP-MS U-Pb analytical results of columbites and apatites. Table S6: Whole-rock Sr-Nd-Hf isotopes of the granite apophysis in the Koktokay No. 3 pegmatite. Table S7: Multicollector LA-ICP-MS boron isotopes of tourmalines from the granite apophysis. Table S8: Compiled age data of magmatic-hydrothermal activity in the Koktokay No. 3 pegmatite. </p>
Maternal mortality decline in Zimbabwe, 2007/2008 to 2018/2019: findings from mortality surveys using civil registration, vital statistics and health system data
Authors: Musarandega Reuben , Cresswell Jenny , Magwali Thulani , Makosa Davidzoyashe , Machekano Rhoderick , Ngwenya Solwayo , Nystrom Lennarth , Pattinson Robert , Munjanja Stephen 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundSustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.1 target is to reduce the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR) to less than 70 maternal deaths per 100 000 live births by 2030. In the Ending Preventable Maternal Mortality strategy, a supplementary target was added, that no country has an MMR above 140 by 2030. We conducted two cross-sectional reproductive age mortality surveys to analyse changes in Zimbabwe’s MMR between 2007–2008 and 2018–2019 towards the SDG target.MethodsWe collected data from civil registration, vital statistics and medical records on deaths of women of reproductive ages (WRAs), including maternal deaths from 11 districts, randomly selected from each province (n=10) using cluster sampling. We calculated weighted mortality rates and MMRs using negative binomial models, with 95% CIs, performed a one-way analysis of variance of the MMRs and calculated the annual average reduction rate (ARR) for the MMR.ResultsIn 2007–2008 we identified 6188 deaths of WRAs, 325 pregnancy-related deaths and 296 maternal deaths, and in 2018–2019, 1856, 137 and 130, respectively. The reproductive age mortality rate, weighted by district, declined from 11 to 3 deaths per 1000 women. The MMR (95% CI) declined from 657 (485 to 829) to 217 (164 to 269) deaths per 100 000 live births at an annual ARR of 10.1%.ConclusionsZimbabwe’s MMR declined by an annual ARR of 10.1%, against a target of 10.2%, alongside declining reproductive age mortality. Zimbabwe should continue scaling up interventions against direct maternal mortality causes to achieve the SDG 3.1 target by 2030.