bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of Injectable Kb Acceptor Re-Visit during the Covid-19 Pandemic in PMB Yayuk Handayani Wagir District Malang Regency
Authors: Alfitri Rosyidah , Yunita Astri 
Published: January 2022

<p>The COVID-19 pandemic is a disease caused by coronavirus syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that attacks the respiratory system acutely, and caused more than 106 million people to become infected with more than 2.3 million deaths worldwide. In the family planning and birth control services (KB) service there is a revisit of kb active acceptor (old acceptors) and or visits of new acceptor is an effort to get contraceptive services aimed to prevent pregnancy. The purpose of our study was to see the difference in the accuracy of KB acceptor visits before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Midwifery clinic (PMB) Yayuk Handayani Wagir District of Malang Regency. This research was quantitative research using experimental quasi research design with a pre post design approach. The sample in the study was the same as the study population of 50 injectable birth control acceptors in BPM Yayuk Handayani Wagir Magelang Regency. Research techniques use total sampling. In this data analysis, the normality test was carried out first, then the bivariate test used the dependent sample t-test. The results of the analysis test showed that before the COVID-19 pandemic, there were 43 revisits for active acceptors who matched the return date, while during the COVID-19 pandemic, 7 people were late for return visits and 11 people did not return for revisits. Obtained a value of p value of 0.000 which is less than 0.05 so it can be concluded there is a difference in the accuracy of visits before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. It can be concluded that there is a difference in the return visit of hormonal contraceptive acceptors in PMB Yayuk Handayani Wagir District of Malang Regency.</p>
COVID-19 Vaccination Mandates and Vaccine Uptake
Authors: Karaivanov Alexander , Kim Dongwoo , Lu Shih En , Shigeoka Hitoshi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We evaluate the impact of government-mandated proof of vaccination requirements for access to public venues and non-essential businesses on COVID-19 vaccine uptake. We find that the announcement of a mandate is associated with a rapid and significant surge in new vaccinations (more than 60% increase in weekly first doses), using the variation in the timing of these measures across Canadian provinces in a difference-in-differences approach. Time-series analysis for each province and for France, Italy and Germany corroborates this finding. Counterfactual simulations using our estimates suggest the following cumulative gains in the vaccination rate among the eligible population (age 12 and over) as of October 31, 2021: up to 5 percentage points (p.p.) (90% CI 3.9–5.8) for Canadian provinces, adding up to 979,000 (425,000-1,266,000) first doses in total for Canada (5 to 13 weeks after the provincial mandate announcements), 8 p.p. (4.3–11) for France (16 weeks post-announcement), 12 p.p. (5–15) for Italy (14 weeks post-announcement) and 4.7 p.p. (4.1–5.1) for Germany (11 weeks post-announcement).JEL codes: I18, I12, C23
Improving Health Workforce Governance: the Role of Multi-Stakeholder Coordination Mechanisms and Human Resources for Health Units in Ministries of Health
Authors: Martineau Tim , Ozano Kim , Raven Joanna , Mansour Wesam , Bay Fiona , Nkhoma Dominic , Badr Elsheikh , Baral Sushil , Regmi Shophika , Caffery Margaret 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background:A cohesive and strategic governance approach is needed to improve the health workforce (HW). To achieve this, the WHO Global Strategy on Human Resources for Health(HRH)promotesmechanisms to coordinate HRHstakeholders,HRH structures and capacity within the health sector to support the development and implementation of a comprehensive HW agenda and regular reportingthrough WHO’s National Health Workforce Accounts (NHWA)Methods:Using an adapted HRH governance framework for guidance and analysis we explored the existence and operation of HRH coordination mechanisms and HRH structures in Malawi, Nepal, Sudan andadditionally from a global perspective through 28 key informant interviews and a reviewof 165 documents.Results: A unified approach is needed to coordination of stakeholders who support the timely development and oversight of an appropriate HRH strategy subsequently implemented and monitored by an HRH unit. Multiple HRH stakeholder coordination mechanisms co-exist, but the broader, embeddedmechanisms seemed more likely to support and sustain a comprehensive HW agenda.Including all stakeholders is challenging and the private sector and civil society were noted for their absence.The credibility of coordination mechanisms increases participation. Factors contributing to credibility included:high level leadership, organisational support and the generation and availability of timely HRH data and clear ownership by the ministry of health.HRH units were identified in two study countries and were reported to exist in many countries but were not necessarily functional.There is a lack of specialist knowledge needed for the planning and management of the HWamongst staff in HRH unitsor equivalent structures, coupled with high turnover in many countries. Donor support has helped with provision of technical expertise and HRH data systems, though the benefits may not besustained.Conclusion:While is it important to monitor the existence of HRH coordination mechanisms and HRH structure through the NHWA, improved ‘HRH literacy’ for both stakeholders and operational HRH staff anda deeper understanding of the operation of these functions is needed tostrengthen their contribution to HW governance and ultimately, wider health goals.
Prolonged Short-Term Exposure To A High Concentration of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter And Effect Modification On Daily Mortality
Authors: Lim Hyungryul , Bae Sanghyuk , Choi Jonghyuk , Choi Kyung-Hwa , Bae Hyun-Joo , Kim Soontae , Ha Mina , Kwon Ho-Jang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Although the evidence for the effect of short-term mortality is very high, epidemiologic studies on the effect of prolonged continuous exposure to high concentrations are rare. This study aimed to investigate how the size of the mortality effect of PM2.5 would be modified when a high concentration period persisted.Methods: We used daily mortality counts (ICD-10, non-traumatic all-cause: A00-R99, respiratory: J00-J98, and cardiovascular: I00-I99), simulated levels of daily PM2.5, measured daily mean temperature, and relative humidity data in seven metropolitan cities from 2006 to 2019. Generalized additive models (GAMs) with quasi-Poisson distribution in seven cities and random-effects meta-analyses to pool city-specific effects were used to examine the short-term effects of PM2.5. To investigate effect modification by continuous exposure to prolonged high concentrations, we applied categorical consecutive day variables to the GAMs as effect modification terms of PM2.5. Subgroup analyses were performed to examine the variation in effect modification according to the age group.Results: The mortality risk according to increase of 10 μg/m3 of PM2.5 concentration was increased by 0.30% (95%CI, 0.13–0.49), 0.48% (95%CI, -0.09–1.05), and 0.23% (95%CI, -0.10–0.57) based on the model with 0-1 lag day, for all-cause, respiratory, and cardiovascular diseases, respectively. The risk for all-cause mortality per 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 in the first and fourth consecutive days were significantly increased by 0.61% (95%CI, 0.17–1.06) and 0.34% (95%CI, 0.03–0.65). The effect modification was prominent in the ³65 years old group.Conclusions: We found a significantly increased risk of all-cause, respiratory, and cardiovascular mortality for daily PM2.5 exposure when the day of high concentration began and the days lasted for more than 4 days with high concentration of ≥35 μg/m3. The elderly showed a stronger effect of persistently high PM2.5.
Sustainable News and Their Impact on Company’s Market Capitalization Does Sustainable News About a Company Have a Positive Relationship with Its Stock Price?
Authors: Plog Moritz , Zein Samer Ajour El 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: As a transformation that is impacting not only nature but the international economy, climate change is here to stay. The demand for sustainable products has never been higher, a circumstance that should have an impact on the financial performance of a company. This paper aims to investigate whether sustainable news of a company has a positive impact on their stock price, by analyzing the Twitter tweets of the DAX30 members. Results: The methodology used in this study includes the collection of Twitter tweets and financial information from the DAX30 members, followed by the execution of a sentiment analysis and Vector Autoregression (VAR) analysis based on Python programming lanuage. The opitmal lag-length of the VAR analysis has been determinded at 18 based on the Akaike, Schwarz-Bayesian and Hannan-Quinn test. Within the predermined lag-length the VAR showed significant correlations between financial performance and twitter communication in A, b and s. The correlation coeffiecient for the significant correlations ranged from -0.777 to 0.320, proving that Twitter tweets containing sustainable sentiment have an impact on stock price performance of a company.Conclusion: The results of the VAR analysis support the eligbility to use Twitter tweets as a benchmark for the impact of sustainability on the stock price performance of a company, as well as prooves that sustainable news can have a postive impact of a company’s market capitalization relative to its quality. Therwith, the findings of this study raise awareness of the importance of sustainability as well as show the need for a transofrmation towards a sustaibale business modell in order to ensure long term value generation.
Xanthomonas hortorum pv. gardneri TAL effector AvrHah1 is necessary and sufficient for increased persistence of Salmonella enterica on tomato leaves
Authors: Cowles Kimberly N. , Block Anna K. , Barak Jeri D. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Salmonella enterica is ubiquitous in the plant environment, persisting in the face of UV stress, plant defense responses, desiccation, and nutrient limitation. These fluctuating conditions of the leaf surface result in S. enterica population decline. Biomultipliers, such as the phytopathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas hortorum pv. gardneri, alter the phyllosphere to the benefit of S. enterica. Specific X. gardneri-dependent changes to this niche that promote S. enterica persistence remain unclear, and this work focuses on identifying factors that lead to increased S. enterica survival on leaves. Here, we show that the X. gardneri transcription activator-like effector AvrHah1 is both necessary and sufficient for increased survival of S. enterica on tomato leaves. An X. gardneri avrHah1 mutant fails to influence S. enterica survival while addition of avrHah1 to X. vesicatoria provides a gain of function. Our results indicate that although X. gardneri stimulates a robust immune response from the plant, AvrHah1 is not required for these effects. In addition, we demonstrate that cellular leakage that occurs during disease is independent of AvrHah1. Investigation of the interaction between S. enterica, X. gardneri, and the plant host provides information regarding how an inhospitable environment changes during infection and can be transformed into a habitable niche.
Complex Interaction Between CMT Equipment and Robot Controllers During the WAAM Process: Consequences for Toolpath Accuracy
Authors: Viola Ricardo Da Silva , Balandraud Xavier , Poulhaon Fabien , Michaud Pierre , Duc Emmanuel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the WAAM process, the accuracy of the toolpath is of prime importance for the mechanical properties of the final part because of the material defects that could be generated. This paper deals with the motion analysis of the end effector nozzle of a robot dedicated to the WAAM process. The movement of the nozzle to create a rectangular layer was experimentally analyzed without physically depositing material (trajectory definition only). Various strategies, nozzle speeds and layer areas were compared in terms of travel time and length over different sections of the toolpath in order to identify various problems, in particular associated with acceleration and deceleration phases when changing direction. The consequences of a discontinuous deposition were also studied, revealing a complex interaction between cold metal transfer equipment and robot controllers. The results enable a better understanding of this interaction, which is important for deposition quality and performance. Finally, a model was proposed to calculate the manufacturing time of any layer area based on a preliminary identification for a single area.
Decreasing Hospital Readmissions Utilizing an Evidence-Based COPD Care Bundle
Authors: Kendra Moira , Mansukhani Rupal , Rudawsky Nicole , Landry Lisa , Reyes Natalie , Chiu Stephanie , Daley Brittney , Markley Daniel , Fetherman Brandee , Dimitry Edward A , Cerrone Federico , Shah Chirag V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic condition that leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Management of COPD hospitalizations utilizing an evidence-based care bundle can provide consistent quality of care and may reduce readmissions.
Methods

This single center retrospective cohort study evaluated readmission rates in patients hospitalized with a COPD exacerbation. Patients in the pre-intervention cohort received usual care while post-intervention cohort received an innovative inpatient COPD care bundle. The bundle focused on optimizing care in five areas: consults, inpatient interventions, education, transitions of care, and after discharge care. To ensure consistency of interventions, a formal checklist of items was maintained.
Results

In this study, 149 subjects were included in the pre-intervention cohort and 214 subjects were included in the post-intervention cohort. Thirty-day readmission rates were lower in the post-intervention cohort, 22.4% vs. 38.3% (p=0.001). A reduction in 60-day and 90-day readmission rates was also observed, 13.7% vs. 40.3% (p< 0.001) and 10.1% vs. 32.2% (p<0.001), respectively.
Conclusion

Bundled care is an effective and inexpensive method for institutions to provide consistent and quality care. The findings of this study demonstrate that the implementation of a COPD care bundle is an effective strategy to decrease hospital readmissions.
SPIONs mediated magnetic actuation promotes nerve regeneration by inducing and maintaining repair-supportive phenotypes in Schwann cells
Authors: Liu Ting , Wang Yang , Lu Laijin , Liu Yi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Schwann cells, the glial cells in the peripheral nervous system, are highly plastic. In response to nerve injury, Schwann cells are reprogrammed to a series of specialized repair-promoting phenotypes, known as repair Schwann cells, which play a pivotal role in nerve regeneration. However, repair Schwann cells represent a transient and unstable cell state, and these cells progressively lose their repair phenotypes and repair‐supportive capacity; the transience of this state is one of the key reasons for regeneration failure in humans. Therefore, the ability to control the phenotypic stability of repair Schwann cells is of great practical importance as well as biological interest.
Results: We designed and prepared a type of fluorescent−magnetic bifunctional superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). In the present study, we established rat sciatic nerve injury models, then applied SPIONs to Schwann cells and established an effective SPION-mediated magnetic actuation system targeting the sciatic nerves. Immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time PCR, western blot and ELISA analysis were used to detect the molecular indicators related to repair phenotypes of Schwann cells. The nerve regeneration was evaluated using sciatic histomorphometric assessment, sciatic functional index (SFI) test and sciatic electrophysiological examination. Our results demonstrate that magnetic actuation mediated by SPIONs can induce and maintain repair-supportive phenotypes of Schwann cells, thereby promoting regeneration and functional recovery of the sciatic nerve after crush injury.
Conclusions: Our research indicate that Schwann cells can sense these external, magnetically driven mechanical forces and transduce them to intracellular biochemical signals that promote nerve regeneration by inducing and maintaining the repair phenotypes of Schwann cells. We hope that this study will provide a new therapeutic strategy to promote the regeneration and repair of injured peripheral nerves.
Developing an Integrated Land Allocation model based on Linear Programming and Game Theory
Authors: hasti farzam , SalmanMahiny Abdolrasoul , Rouhi Haydar , Sakieh Yousef , Joolaei Ramtin , Pezhooli Negin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Land use configuration in any given landscape is the result of a multi-objective optimization process, which takes into account different ecological, economic and social factors. In this process, coordinating stakeholders is a key factor to successful spatial land use optimization. Stakeholders need to be modeled as players who have the ability to interact with each other towards their best solution, while considering multiple goals and constraints at the same time. Game theory provides a tool for land use planners to model and analyze such interactions. In order to apply the spatial allocation model and address stakeholder conflicts, an integrated model based on linear programming and game theory was designed in the present study. For implementing such model, we conducted an optimal land use allocation process through multi-objective land allocation (MOLA) and linear programming methods. Then, two groups of environmental and land development players were considered to implement the optimization model. The game algorithm was used to select the appropriate constraint so that the result was acceptable to all stakeholders. The results showed that in the third round of the game, the decision-making process and the optimization of land uses reached the desired Nash Equilibrium state and the conflict between stakeholders was resolved. Ultimately, in order to localize the results, a suitable solution was presented in GIS environment.
Nanotechnology Strategy as Antibacterial: a Primer for the Notice.
Authors: Ibisanmi Tope Abraham 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria pose a major threat to all fields of medical science as it can result in treatment failure which can have severe consequences, especially in case of critical patients. The availability of new antibacterial agents appeared to be a very complex process. Nanotechnology is an important field of modern research dealing with design, synthesis, and manipulation of particle structures ranging from approximately 1-100 nm. Main body: Nanoparticles (NPs) have wide range of applications in areas such as health care, cosmetics, food and feed, environmental health e.t.c. Nanosystems can be categorized based on their matrix properties and the material constituting them into inorganic and organic nanosystems. Techniques use in the synthesis of NPs includes; chemical, physical, photochemical, and biological methods. Each method has its pros and cons with common problems of cost, scalability and uniform particle size. Famous microbiologist Alexander Fleming said that “There is probably no chemotherapeutic drug to which in suitable circumstances the bacteria can not react by in some way acquiring fastness.” Therefore, there is high probability that the organism may also become resistance to newly developed drugs at later stage, further these drugs are highly expensive. Conclusion: To this end NPs are considered to be good antibacterial agents and may overcome the barrier of MDR owing to their multifunctional mechanisms to intervene normal cell functionality, ability to anchor to the bacterial cell wall and subsequently penetrate it, thereby causing structural changes in the cell membrane permeability leading to cell death.
The influence of Al2O3 on the structural properties of MgSiO3 akimotoite
Authors: Siersch Nicki C. , Criniti Giacomo , Kurnosov Alexander , Ballaran Tiziana Boffa , Liu Zhaodong , Ishii Takayuki , Frost Daniel J. , Yu Tony , Wang Yanbin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Akimotoite, a MgSiO3 polymorph present in the lower transition zone within ultramafic portions of subducting slabs and potentially also in the ambient mantle, will partition some amount of Al, raising the question of how this will affect its crystal structure and properties. In this study, a series of samples along the MgSiO3-Al2O3 (akimotoite-corundum) solid solution have been investigated by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction to examine their crystal chemistry. Results show a strong nonlinear behavior of the a- and c-axes as a function of Al content, which arises from fundamentally different accommodation mechanisms in the akimotoite and corundum structures. Furthermore, two Al2O3-bearing akimotoite samples were investigated at high pressure to determine the different compression mechanisms associated with Al substitution. Al2O3-bearing akimotoite becomes more compressible at least up to 20 mol% Al2O3, due likely to an increase in compressibility as the Al cation is incorporated into the SiO6 octahedron. This observation is in strong contrast to the stiffer corundum end-member having a KT = 250 GPa, which is larger than that of the akimotoite end-member [KT = 205(1) GPa]. These findings have implications for mineral physics models of elastic properties, which have in the past assumed linear mixing behavior between the MgSiO3 akimotoite and Al2O3 corundum end-members to calculate sound wave velocities for Al-bearing akimotoite at high pressure and temperature.