bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lack of fire rather than pollinator absence may drive population decline in the critically endangered
Authors: Bell Stephen A. J. , Hunter Nigel , Steed Andrew 
Published: August 2022

Context and aim Stands of the critically endangered Banksia conferta in north-eastern New South Wales show low recruitment and were examined to elucidate whether pollinator absence or fire history best explained this. Methods Motion-detection cameras were deployed at three sites to identify potential pollinators, and age structure within stands and past follicle production were assessed through tree measurements and follicle counts. Key results In total, 691 fauna-triggered image sequences were recorded between June and December 2019. Six mammal and 10 bird species were detected, but only 10 of these were observed probing inflorescences. White-cheeked Honeyeater and Sugar Glider combined comprised 66% of all fauna interactions, and of all 400 Banksia probes, 45% were from White-cheeked Honeyeaters and 18% were by Sugar Gliders. Different size structures of B. conferta were evident at each site, consistent with older and younger populations post-fire. Significantly more Banksia individuals (5×) were present at the younger site, likely governing pollinator composition through interspecific competition within pollinator guilds, and past follicle production was also greater here. Conclusions Pollinator absence is not the cause of low recruitment in this population, and current stand structure and follicle production reflect past fire history. The three sites differed in their dominant fauna foragers, suggesting that B. conferta is a pollinator-generalist. Birds appear to operate as the key pollinating species during the day but are replaced by small mammals at night. Follicle production is higher in younger post-fire plants. Implications The absence of fire from older populations for over 55 years is of concern, and population decline seems likely without fire intervention.
Updates for automatic analysis and post-processing of JET neutral particle analysers for TT and DT campaigns
Authors: Sirén P. , Beaumont P. , Weisen H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The data processing from both JET Neutral Particle Analysers (NPAs), high energy and low energy detector systems, has been updated for needs of operating in different scenarios with several isotopes in tritium and deuterium plasmas in the 2021 campaigns. The new automatic processing allows quick routine analysis of NPA data during JET experiments and enables efficient further analysis of large data sets with the help of coupling to the JETPEAK database. The analysis of the NPA data can be now performed as a standard way reliably in intershot and avoid misunderstanding and misusing the data. The NPA data analysis workflow has been systematically applied and demonstrated during scenario development experiments in 2020. This contribution introduces the capability and efficiency of the coupled analysis chain in fast particle diagnostics data checks and post-processing by using JET DTE2 reference pulse sub-database.
Light yield non-proportionality of inorganic crystals and its effect on cosmic-ray measurements
Authors: Adriani O. , Berti E. , Betti P. , Bigongiari G. , Bonechi L. , Bongi M. , Bottai S. , Brogi P. , Castellini G. , Checchia C. , D'Alessandro R. , Detti S. , Finetti N. , Maestro P. , Marrocchesi P.S. , Mori N. , Olmi M. , Pacini L. , Papini P. , Poggiali C. , Ricciarini S. , Spillantini P. , Starodubtsev O. , Stolzi F. , Tiberio A. , Vannuccini E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The multi-TeV energy region of the cosmic-ray spectra has
been recently explored by direct detection experiments that used
calorimetric techniques to measure the energy of the cosmic
particles. Interesting spectral features have been observed in both
all-electron and nuclei spectra. However, the interpretation of the
results is compromised by the disagreements between the data
obtained from the various experiments, that are not reconcilable
with the quoted experimental uncertainties. Understanding the
reason for the discrepancy among the measurements is of fundamental
importance in view of the forthcoming high-energy cosmic-ray
experiments planned for space, as well as for the correct
interpretation of the available results.

The purpose of this work is to investigate the possibility that a
systematic effect may derive from the non-proportionality of the
light response of inorganic crystals, typically used in high-energy
calorimetry due to their excellent energy-resolution performance.
The main reason for the non-proportionality of the crystals is that
scintillation light yield depends on ionisation density.
Experimental data obtained with ion beams were used to characterize
the light response of various scintillator materials. The obtained
luminous efficiencies were used as input of a Monte Carlo simulation
to perform a comparative study of the effect of the light-yield
non-proportionality on the detection of high-energy electromagnetic
and hadronic showers. The result of this study indicates that, if
the calorimeter response is calibrated by using the energy deposit
of minimum ionizing particles, the measured shower energy might be
affected by a significant systematic shift, at the level of few
percent, whose sign and magnitude depend specifically on the type of
scintillator material used.
Three-dimensional (3D) optical imaging of electron beam and X-rays from medical linear accelerators (LINAC) using a plastic scintillator plate in water
Authors: Yamamoto Seiichi , Hiramatsu Airi , Shimizu Yui , Yabe Takuya , Yogo Katsunori , Kataoka Jun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Although optical imaging of electron beams and X-rays from
medical linear accelerators (LINAC) is a possible method for dose
distribution measurements, it has been limited to two-dimensional
(2D) projection images. For the precise measurement of an optical
image of electron beams and X-rays, three-dimensional (3D) imaging
is desired. To measure 3D dose distributions, we conducted imaging
of electron beams and X-rays using a plastic scintillator plate set
in a water phantom. When this plate was immersed in the water
phantom, irradiation with electron beams or X-rays was carried out
from along the plate's sides. Optical images of the scintillator
plate were acquired using a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera from
the side during irradiation with electron beams and
X-rays. Measurements were conducted at 6 MeV, 9 MeV and 12 MeV
for electron beams and at 6 MV and 10 MV for X-rays. The imaging
system was set on the bed of the LINAC and moved at 10-mm steps
perpendicular to the beam direction to acquire a set of sliced
optical images of the beams. A set of these sliced images were
stacked and interpolated to form 3D optical images. For the 3D
images, after the correction of the Cherenkov-light component in the
images, the relative depth and lateral doses were evaluated. From
the relative depth doses of electron beams, the half-value depths
could be evaluated within an error of 1.3 mm. Lateral widths could
be evaluated within an error of less than 2 mm parallel to the
plastic scintillator and less than 6.5 mm perpendicular to it. From
the relative depth doses of X-rays, the average difference between
the measured value and that by a planning system was within an error
of 2 %. Lateral widths could be evaluated within an error of less
than 0.68 mm parallel to the plastic scintillator and less than
2.6 mm perpendicular to it. We confirmed that 3D imaging of
electron beams and X-rays using plastic scintillator plate is
feasible and is a promising method for measuring dose images at any
position.
Utilisation of gelatin as nitrogen source for N-doped carbon nanotubes and its performance for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Nugroho Agung , Nursanto Eduardus Budi , Curie Catia Angli , Oktaviano Haryo Satriya , Ainurrachma Firda , Trisunaryanti Wega 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Gelatin is utilised as a nitrogen source to synthesise nitrogen (N)-doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The N-doped CNT was prepared by mixing gelatin and CNT, followed by calcination at 500 °C and 800 °C under N2 atmosphere. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the higher gelatin weight ratio results in a decrease of the crystallisation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy deconvolution analysis confirms that pyridinic-N and pyrrolic-N have appeared at the surface of the samples. The higher calcination temperature affects the surface properties of N-doped CNT which tend to shift the pyrrolic-N to the pyridinic-N. Cyclic voltammetry analysis reveals that the presences of pyridinic-N and graphitic-N configuration have higher oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity compared to the N-pyrrolic structure.
Investigation of cyclohexane catalytic degradation driven by N atoms from N2 discharges
Authors: LI Yuying , XU Jiacheng , ZHANG Chunle , YAO Shuiliang , LI Jing , WU Zuliang , GAO Erhao , ZHU Jiali 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The effect of N2 discharge products on cyclohexane degradation over a MnO2/γ-Al2O3 catalyst has been evaluated by feeding N2 discharge products to the catalyst using a specially designed dielectric barrier discharge reactor. At a reaction temperature of 100 °C, the cyclohexane conversion increased from 2.46% (without N2 discharge products) to 26.3% (with N2 discharge products). N- and O-containing by-product (3, 4-dehydroproline) was found on the catalyst surface using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry identification, in which C=N–C and C=N–H bonds were also confirmed from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis results. Operando analysis results using diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy revealed that N atoms can react with surface H2O possibly to NH and OH reactive species that have reactivities to promote CO oxidation to CO2. The mechanism of N-atom-driven cyclohexane degradation to CO and CO2 is proposed.
Immunogenicity of a Three-Dose Primary Series of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients With Lymphoid Malignancies
Authors: Sherman Amy C , Crombie Jennifer L , Cheng ChiAn , Desjardins Michaël , Zhou Guohai , Ometoruwa Omolola , Rooks Rebecca , Senussi Yasmeen , McDonough Mikaela , Guerrero Liliana I , Kupelian John , Doss-Gollin Simon , Smolen Kinga K , van Haren Simon D , Armand Philippe , Levy Ofer , Walt David R , Baden Lindsey R , Issa Nicolas C 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Patients with lymphoid malignancies are at risk for poor coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related outcomes and have reduced vaccine-induced immune responses. Currently, a 3-dose primary regimen of mRNA vaccines is recommended in the United States for immunocompromised hosts.

Methods
A prospective cohort study of healthy adults (n = 27) and patients with lymphoid malignancies (n = 94) was conducted, with longitudinal follow-up through completion of a 2- or 3-dose primary mRNA COVID vaccine series, respectively. Humoral responses were assessed in all participants, and cellular immunity was assessed in a subset of participants.

Results
The rate of seroconversion (68.1% vs 100%) and the magnitude of peak anti-S immunoglobulin G (IgG) titer (median anti-S IgG = 32.4, IQR = 0.48–75.0 vs median anti-S IgG = 72.6, IQR 51.1–100.1; P = .0202) were both significantly lower in patients with lymphoid malignancies compared to the healthy cohort. However, peak titers of patients with lymphoid malignancies who responded to vaccination were similar to healthy cohort titers (median anti-S IgG = 64.3; IQR, 23.7–161.5; P = .7424). The third dose seroconverted 7 of 41 (17.1%) patients who were seronegative after the first 2 doses. Although most patients with lymphoid malignancies produced vaccine-induced T-cell responses in the subset studied, B-cell frequencies were low with minimal memory cell formation.

Conclusions
A 3-dose primary mRNA series enhanced anti-S IgG responses to titers equivalent to healthy adults in patients with lymphoid malignancies who were seropositive after the first 2 doses and seroconverted 17.1% who were seronegative after the first 2 doses. T-cell responses were present, raising the possibility that the vaccines may confer some cell-based protection even if not measurable by anti-S IgG.
Homologous and Heterologous Boosting of the Chadox1-S1-S COVID-19 Vaccine With the SCB-2019 Vaccine Candidate: A Randomized, Controlled, Phase 2 Study
Authors: Costa Clemens Sue Ann , Milan Eveline Pipolo , Sprinz Eduardo , Neto José Cerbino , Pacciarini Filippo , Li Ping , Chen Hui Ling , Smolenov Igor , Pollard Andrew , Clemens Ralf 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Ongoing outbreaks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are driven by waning immunity following primary immunizations and emergence of new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants that escape vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies. It has been suggested that heterologous boosters could enhance and potentially maintain population immunity.

Methods
We assessed the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of booster doses of different formulations of aluminium hydroxide–adjuvanted SCB-2019 vaccine (9 μg of SCB-2019, with or without CpG-1018 adjuvant, or 30 μg of SCB-2019 with CpG-1018) in Brazilian adults primed with ChAdOx1-S vector vaccine. S-protein antibodies and ACE2-binding inhibition were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on days 1, 15, and 29. Participants self-reported solicited adverse events and reactions.

Results
All SCB-2019 formulations increased S-protein ELISA antibodies and ACE2 binding inhibition to a greater extent than ChAdOx1-S. After 30 μg of SCB-2019 + CpG + aluminium hydroxide, titers against wild-type S-protein were significantly higher than after ChAdOx1-S on days 15 and 29, as were titers of neutralizing antibodies against the wild-type strain and Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron variants. Boosting with SCB-2019 or ChAdOx1-S was well tolerated, with no vaccine-related serious or severe adverse events.

Conclusions
Boosting ChAdOx1-S-primed adults with SCB-2019 induced higher levels of antibodies against a wild-type strain and SARS-CoV-2 variants than a homologous ChAdOx1-S booster, with the highest responses being with the 30-μg SCB-2019 + CpG + aluminium hydroxide formulation.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT05087368
Delegated Investment Management in Alternative Assets
Authors: Andonov Aleksandar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Institutional investors can be segmented into investors that hold simple portfolios of traditional equities and bonds, and investors that manage complex strategies in public and private markets. Investors implementing active portfolio management and holding diversified portfolios of equities and bonds are more likely to invest in alternative asset classes. The performance of institutional investors in alternative assets is significantly lower than in equities, suggesting that investors accept lower returns in exchange for diversification benefits. Institutions delegate 90% of their alternative investments to external managers and funds-of-funds. These intermediaries capture large part of the potential diversification benefits through higher fees and lower returns. (JEL G11, G23)
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
The overlooked building blocks of secured transactions law reforms: policing and the role of organized industries
Authors: Tajti (Thaythy) Tibor 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Two interlinked building blocks of secured transactions law have often been overlooked during the most recent round of secured transactions law reforms: the role of policing (monitoring) of the debtor and its affairs, and the role of institutionalized industries in the efficient working of secured transactions systems. Policing is often ignored because Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC)—the top global benchmark—made policing optional by discarding the ‘Benedict rule’, which had conditioned the validity of liens upon the secured creditor’s strict monitoring the debtor’s affairs. This shift was perceived as a positive development because it made the recognition of the most comprehensive security device—the floating (blanket) lien—possible. However, what many sources overlook is that parallel with this volte face, the risks corollary to the failure to monitor were transferred entirely onto secured creditors (banks and other financiers). In the USA, professional industries offering policing services were developed prior to the promulgation of the UCC, thanks precisely to the 1925 Benedict v Ratner case from whence the Benedict rule was derived. Moreover, these policing practices—the so-called ‘Benedict ritual’—had already become customary in the industries that were reliant on secure transactions law. This ‘know-how’ and the act of professional industries implementing it simply do not exist in many recipient reform countries. Similar to policing, equally disregarded is that the success of US secured transaction law is fundamentally attributable to the existence of ‘non-banking financial organizations’ specialized in various financing practices that exploit this branch of law, from the industries specializing in independent equipment leasing to those engaged in receivables financing. In contrast, the financial systems of countries interested in implementing major reforms tend to be dominated by conservative universal banks with limited capabilities. This article aims to cast a closer light on these neglected yet pivotal corollaries of secured transactions law.
Exosomal miR‐7002‐5p derived from highglucose‐induced macrophages suppresses autophagy in tubular epithelial cells by targeting Atg9b
Authors: Zhao Jing , Chen Juan , Zhu Wei , Qi Xiang‐ming , Wu Yong‐gui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMacrophage infiltration plays an important role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Previously, we demonstrated that highglucose‐stimulated macrophage‐derived exosomes (HG‐exo) induces proliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation in glomerular mesangial cells, but its effect on tubular cells is unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of HG‐exo on renal tubular injury in DN. The results show that HG‐exo could induce dysfunction, autophagy inhibition, and inflammation in mouse tubular epithelial cell (mTEC) and C57 mouse kidney. Moreover, miR‐7002‐5p was differentially expressed in HG‐exo based on miRNAs sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. A dual‐luciferase reporter assay confirmed that Atg9b was the direct target gene of miR‐7002‐5p. Further experimentation showed that miR‐7002‐5p inhibition in vivo and vitro reserves HG‐exo effects. These results demonstrated that HG‐exo carries excessive miR‐7002‐5p and inhibits autophagy through targeting Atg9b; this process then induces renal tubular dysfunction and inflammation. In conclusion, our study clarifies the important role of macrophage‐derived exosomes in DN and is expected to provide new insight on DN prevention and treatment.
Studying the Association Between Occupational Stress and Urinary Levels of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers (8-OHdG and Biopyrrins) in Brickfield Workers
Authors: Mourad Basma Hussein , Gaballah Inas Fawzy 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesThe aims of the study are to measure the prevalence and level of occupational stress (OS) and to explore its association with oxidative stress among some brickfield workers.MethodsEighty-six brickfield workers and 90 administrative controls were assessed using the Arabic validated version of the Occupational Stress Index. The urinary levels of oxidative biomarkers; 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and biopyrrins were also measured.ResultsThe prevalence of moderate and severe OS in addition to the urinary levels of both oxidative biomarkers was significantly higher among the brickfield workers compared with their controls. Both biomarkers levels were significantly and positively correlated with scores of Occupational Stress Index, duration of employment, and with each other. The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed significant specificity and sensitivity of both biomarkers for determining the level of OS.ConclusionsA significant association between occupational and oxidative stresses was detected in brickfield workers.
Beyond local food consumption: the impact of local food consumption experience on cultural competence, eudaimonia and behavioral intention
Authors: Lin Bingna , Wang Saerom , Fu Xiaoxiao , Yi Xiaoli 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the relationships among local food consumption experience, cultural competence, eudaimonia, and behavioral intention. Building upon acculturation theory, need hierarchy theory and self-determination theory, the current study develops a conceptual model of local food consumption as international tourists’ acculturation process.

Design/methodology/approach
This study collects data from 305 Chinese outbound tourists and uses partial least squares-structural equation modeling to examine the developed model.

Findings
The findings reveal a significant effect of the local food consumption experience, consisting of novel, authentic, sensory and social dimensions, on cultural competence, which subsequently evokes eudaimonia and behavioral response toward local food. The mediating effect of cultural competence is also confirmed.

Practical implications
Destination marketers and restaurant managers should recognize local food consumption as a meaningful tool that contributes to tourists’ cultural competence and eudaimonic well-being during travel. They should strive to craft an indigenous consumption setting and provide employee training on the history and culture of local food, helping tourists understand local food customs and embrace different food cultures.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, very few studies have attempted to examine the meaningful consequences of local food consumption through the theoretical lens of acculturation. This study dives into international tourists’ local food consumption and pioneers a conceptual model to capture how local food consumption experience provokes their eudaimonia and behavioral desires through the mechanism of cultural competence.
Conceptualising the relationship between green dynamic capability and SME sustainability performance: the role of green innovation, organisational creativity and agility
Authors: Kiranantawat Bhuk , Ahmad Syed Zamberi 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework that establishes the linkages among green dynamic capability (GDC), green innovation (GI), organisational creativity (OC) and organisational agility (OA), which influence small and medium enterprises (SMEs) sustainability performance (SP) in trade and service sectors in Thailand.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper conducts a search of existing literature regarding SMEs SP. A conceptual framework is provided that can be used by SMEs to enhance their SP driving sustainable business growth.

Findings
A framework for SMEs sustainability is proposed, which demonstrates the connection between GDC and SME SP, with GI and OC as mediators and OA as a moderator.

Research limitations/implications
This paper is limited in terms of the scope of SME sustainability in the context of the trade and service sector. Future empirical study should be conducted to validate the proposed framework and hypotheses in this study.

Practical implications
This study forms the basis for the enhancement of SMEs SP in relation to boosting their GDC, GI, creativity and agility.

Originality/value
This paper presents a comprehensive framework that leads to the conceptualisation of SME SP. It will help practitioners and academics to better understand the causes of SMEs SP.