bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Adjunctive D-Cycloserine to Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation for Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Cole Jaeden , Sohn Maya N. , Harris Ashley D. , Bray Signe L. , Patten Scott B. , McGirr Alexander 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceThe antidepressant effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation protocols for major depressive disorder (MDD) are thought to depend on synaptic plasticity. The theta-burst stimulation (TBS) protocol synaptic plasticity is known to be N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)–receptor dependent, yet it is unknown whether enhancing NMDA-receptor signaling improves treatment outcomes in MDD.ObjectiveTo test whether low doses of the NMDA-receptor partial-agonist, D-cycloserine, would enhance intermittent TBS (iTBS) treatment outcomes in MDD.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a single-site 4-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial conducted from November 6, 2019, to December 24, 2020, including 50 participants with MDD. Participants were recruited via advertisements and referral. Inclusion criteria were as follows: age 18 to 65 years with a primary diagnosis of MDD, a major depressive episode with score of 18 or more on the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, a Young Mania Rating Scale score of 8 or less, and normal blood work (including complete blood cell count, electrolytes, liver function tests, and creatinine level).InterventionsParticipants were randomly assigned 1:1 to either iTBS plus placebo or iTBS plus D-cycloserine (100 mg) for the first 2 weeks followed by iTBS without an adjunct for weeks 3 and 4.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was change in depressive symptoms as measured by the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) at the conclusion of treatment. Secondary outcomes included clinical response, clinical remission, and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scores.ResultsA total of 50 participants (mean [SD] age, 40.8 [13.4] years; 31 female [62%]) were randomly assigned to treatment groups: iTBS plus placebo (mean [SD] baseline score, 30.3 [4.2]) and iTBS plus D-cycloserine (mean [SD] baseline score, 30.4 [4.5]). The iTBS plus D-cycloserine group had greater improvements in MADRS scores compared with the iTBS plus placebo group (mean difference, −6.15; 95% CI, −2.43 to −9.88; Hedges g = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.34-1.62). Rates of clinical response were higher in the iTBS plus D-cycloserine group than in the iTBS plus placebo group (73.9% vs 29.3%), as were rates of clinical remission (39.1% vs 4.2%). This was reflected in lower CGI-severity ratings and greater CGI-improvement ratings. No serious adverse events occurred.Conclusions and RelevanceFindings from this clinical trial indicate that adjunctive D-cycloserine may be a promising strategy for enhancing transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment outcomes in MDD using iTBS requiring further investigation.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03937596
Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine-Needle Biopsy in the Detection of Thyroid Malignancy
Authors: Hsiao Vivian , Massoud Elian , Jensen Catherine , Zhang Yanchen , Hanlon Bret M. , Hitchcock Mary , Arroyo Natalia , Chiu Alexander S. , Fernandes-Taylor Sara , Alagoz Oguzhan , Sundling Kaitlin , LiVolsi Virginia , Francis David O. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceFine-needle biopsy (FNB) became a critical part of thyroid nodule evaluation in the 1970s. It is not clear how diagnostic accuracy of FNB has changed over time.ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis estimating the accuracy of thyroid FNB for diagnosis of malignancy in adults with a newly diagnosed thyroid nodule and to characterize changes in accuracy over time.Data SourcesPubMed, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from 1975 to 2020 using search terms related to FNB accuracy in the thyroid.Study SelectionEnglish-language reports of cohort studies or randomized trials of adult patients undergoing thyroid FNB with sample size of 20 or greater and using a reference standard of surgical histopathology or clinical follow-up were included. Articles that examined only patients with known thyroid disease or focused on accuracy of novel adjuncts, such as molecular tests, were excluded. Two investigators screened each article and resolved conflicts by consensus. A total of 36 of 1023 studies met selection criteria.Data Extraction and SynthesisThe MOOSE guidelines were used for data abstraction and assessing data quality and validity. Two investigators abstracted data using a standard form. Studies were grouped into epochs by median data collection year (1975 to 1990, 1990 to 2000, 2000 to 2010, and 2010 to 2020). Data were pooled using a bivariate mixed-effects model.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was accuracy of FNB for diagnosis of malignancy. Accuracy was hypothesized to increase in later time periods, a hypothesis formulated prior to data collection.ResultsOf 16 597 included patients, 12 974 (79.2%) were female, and the mean (SD) age was 47.3 (12.9) years. The sensitivity of FNB was 85.6% (95% CI, 79.9-89.5), the specificity was 71.4% (95% CI, 61.1-79.8), the positive likelihood ratio was 3.0 (95% CI, 2.3-4.1), and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.2 (95% CI, 0.2-0.3). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 86.1%. Epoch was not significantly associated with accuracy. None of the available covariates could explain observed heterogeneity.Conclusions and RelevanceAccuracy of thyroid FNB has not significantly changed over time. Important developments in technique, preparation, and interpretation may have occurred too heterogeneously to capture a consistent uptrend over time. FNB remains a reliable test for thyroid cancer diagnosis.
Methylation of N6 adenosine‐related long noncoding RNA: effects on prognosis and treatment in ‘driver‐gene‐negative’ lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yang Hao‐Shuai , Cai He‐Yuan , Shan Shi‐Chao , Chen Ting‐Fei , Zou Jian‐Yong , Abudurufu Maimaiti , Luo Hong‐He , Lei Yi‐Yan , Ke Zun‐Fu , Zhu Ying 
Published: October 2022

The improvement of treatment for patients with ‘driver‐gene‐negative’ lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains a critical problem to be solved. We aimed to explore the role of methylation of N6 adenosine (m6A)‐related long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in stratifying ‘driver‐gene‐negative’ LUAD risk. Patients negative for mutations in EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, HER2, MET, ALK, RET, and ROS1 were identified as ‘driver‐gene‐negative’ cases. RNA sequencing was performed in 46 paired tumors and adjacent normal tissues from patients with ‘driver‐gene‐negative’ LUAD. Twenty‐three m6A regulators and relevant lncRNAs were identified using Pearson's correlation analysis. K‐means cluster analysis was used to stratify patients, and a prognostic nomogram was developed. The CIBERSORT and pRRophetic algorithms were employed to quantify the immune microenvironment and chemosensitivity. We identified two clusters highly consistent with the prognosis based on their unique expression profiles for 46 m6AlncRNAs. A risk model constructed from nine m6A lncRNAs could stratify patients into high‐ and low‐risk groups with promising predictive power (C‐index = 0.824), and the risk score was an independent prognostic factor. The clusters and risk models were closely related to immune characteristics and chemosensitivity. Additional pan‐cancer analysis using the nine m6AlncRNAs showed that the expression of DIO3 opposite strand upstream RNA (DIO3OS) is closely related to the immune/stromal score and tumor stemness in a variety of cancers. Our results show that m6AlncRNAs are a reliable prognostic tool and can aid treatment decision‐making in ‘driver‐gene‐negative’ LUAD. DIO3OS is associated with the development of various cancers and has potential clinical applications.
Torsional behavior of a non‐eccentric structure considering the effect of shear deformations in vertical members
Authors: Maki Shiori , Kohiyama Masayuki 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTorsional moments can occur in a column owing to the geometric nonlinearity when the top of the column undergoes a large displacement in two horizontal directions. Periodically generated torsional moments can excite the torsional mode of a building owing to the internal resonance. For high‐rise buildings, there is a risk that long‐period seismic motions can cause a non‐negligible torsional response due to this phenomenon. To investigate this risk, this study focuses on non‐eccentric single‐story and two‐story shear‐type structural models with an aggregate column, which is assumed to be an elastic Timoshenko beam. We derived the equations of motion for the models under horizontal ground motions and confirmed that the equations were identical to those of the models with an aggregate column of an elastic Euler beam. We then performed time‐history response analyses of the models satisfying the internal resonance conditions under the input ground motions of harmonic waves, Gaussian white noise acceleration, acceleration records of previous earthquakes, and a long‐period design wave. The results showed that the maximum horizontal acceleration at the corner of the top floor slab could be increased by more than 60% of the acceleration at the center of the slab in the worst case.
Volatile 2D Ruddlesden‐Popper Perovskite: A Gift for α‐Formamidinium Lead Triiodide Solar Cells
Authors: Liang Jianghu , Zhang Zhanfei , Huang Ying , Xue Qi , Zheng Yiting , Wu Xueyun , Tian Congcong , Zhang Yi , Wang Yimeng , Chen Zhenhua , Chen Chun‐Chao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPerovskite solar cells with increasingly pure composition of α‐formamidinium lead triiodide (α‐FAPbI3) perovskite are utilized to set more and more record‐breaking efficiencies. However, pure α‐FAPbI3 perovskite is unstable and difficult to prepare. Here, a series of bulky alkylammoniums known as the spacer cations (RP cations) of 2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites (2D perovskites) are used to prepare α‐FAPbI3 perovskite films. The deprotonation process of RP cations during annealing removes the in situ generated 2D perovskites from the film, which determines the phase and compositional purity, crystallinity, and stability of α‐FAPbI3 perovskite films and depends on the design of RP cations. Only a small number of residual RP cations (0.3–2.3%) are found anchoring at grain boundaries. As a result, α‐FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells prepared from RP cations, especially 2‐thiophenemethylammonium, show higher efficiency and stability than control devices prepared from the most commonly used methylammonium. It is believed that in situ generated 2D perovskites are ideal additives for α‐FAPbI3 perovskite, because a large addition (20%) of 2D perovskites ensures the preparation of high‐quality phase‐pure α‐FAPbI3 perovskite films, while a small number of residual RP cations anchored at grain boundaries guarantee the performance and stability of α‐FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells.
An Effective Sneak‐Path Solution Based on a Transient‐Relaxation Device
Authors: Fu Tianda , Fu Shuai , Sun Lu , Gao Hongyan , Yao Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn efficient strategy for addressing individual devices is required to unveil the full potential of memristors for high‐density memory and computing applications. Existing strategies using two‐terminal selectors that are preferable for compact integration have trade‐offs in reduced generality or functional window. A strategy that applies to broad memristors and maintains their full‐range functional window is proposed. This strategy uses a type of unipolar switch featuring a transient relaxation or retention as the selector. The unidirectional current flow in the switch suppresses the sneak‐path current, whereas the transient‐relaxation window is exploited for bidirectional programming. A unipolar volatile memristor with ultralow switching voltage (e.g., <100 mV), constructed from a protein nanowire dielectric harvested from Geobacter sulfurreducens, is specifically employed as the example switch to highlight the advantages and scalability in the strategy for array integration.
Robust and Multifunctional Kirigami Electronics with a Tough and Permeable Aramid Nanofiber Framework
Authors: Liu Hongzhen , Li Hegeng , Wang Zuochen , Wei Xi , Zhu Hengjia , Sun Mingze , Lin Yuan , Xu Lizhi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractKirigami designs are advantageous for the construction of wearable electronics due to their high stretchability and conformability on the 3D dynamic surfaces of the skin. However, suitable materials technologies that enable robust kirigami devices with desired functionality for skin‐interfaces remain limited. Here, a versatile materials platform based on a composite nanofiber framework (CNFF) is exploited for the engineering of wearable kirigami electronics. The self‐assembled fibrillar network involving aramid nanofibers and poly(vinyl alcohol) combines high toughness, permeability, and manufacturability, which are desirable for the fabrication of hybrid devices. Multiscale simulations are conducted to explain the high fracture resistance of the CNFF‐based kirigami structures and provide essential guidance for the design, which can be further generalized to other kirigami devices. Various microelectronic sensors and electroactive polymers are integrated onto a CNFF‐based materials platform to achieve electrocardiogram (ECG), electromyogram (EMG), skin‐temperature measurements, and measurement of other physiological parameters. These mechanically robust, multifunctional, lightweight, and biocompatible kirigami devices can shed new insights for the development of advanced wearable systems and human–machine interfaces.
Therapeutic Nanocarriers Inhibit Chemotherapy‐Induced Breast Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Li Tianyu , Akinade Tolulope , Zhou Jie , Wang Hongxia , Tong Qisong , He Siyu , Rinebold Emily , Valencia Salazar Luis E. , Bhansali Divya , Zhong Yiling , Ruan Jing , Du Jinzhi , Dalerba Piero , Leong Kam W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChemotherapy, although effective against primary tumors, may promote metastasis by causing the release of proinflammatory factors from damaged cells. Here, polymeric nanoparticles that deliver chemotherapeutics and scavenge proinflammatory factors simultaneously to inhibit chemotherapy‐induced breast cancer metastasis are developed. The cationic nanoparticles can adsorb cell‐free nucleic acids (cfNAs) based on charge–charge interaction, which downregulates the expression of Toll‐like receptors and then reduces the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Through in vitro structural optimization, cationic polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers modified with drug‐binding dodecyl groups and diethylethanolamine surface groups (PAMAM‐G3‐C125‐DEEA20) exhibit the most desirable combination of nanoparticle size (≈140 nm), drug loading, cytotoxicity, cfNA binding, and anti‐inflammatory activity. In the mouse models of breast cancer metastasis, paclitaxel‐loaded nanoparticles reduce serum levels of cfNAs and inflammatory cytokines compared with paclitaxel treatment alone and inhibit both primary tumor growth and tumor metastasis. Additionally, no significant side effects are detected in the serum or major organs. These results provide a strategy to deliver chemotherapeutics to primary tumors while reducing the prometastatic effects of chemotherapy.
Response of dark red kidney beans to nitrogen on irrigated, sandy soil
Authors: Liang Guolong , Ruark Matthew D. , Wang Yi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThere is a lack of nitrogen response research on dark red kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). This is of particular importance as most cultivars form nodules and are commonly grown on sandy soil. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of nitrogen rates and irrigation amounts on leaf area index, white mold occurrence, yield, and N uptake of dark red kidney beans. The study occurred at the University of Wisconsin Hancock Agricultural Research Station over two growing seasons (2020 and 2021), across four N rates, three irrigation levels, and five cultivars. Preceding crop for each study year was potato and field corn, respectively. More heavy rainfall events that may lead to leaching were observed in 2021. Neither irrigation effect nor general cultivar difference was observed on bean yield, disease resistance, and nitrogen use across the 2 years. Bean yield was significantly influenced by N rates across the five cultivars in 2020 but not in 2021, with 56 kg ha−1 more total N uptake at the lowest N rate in 2021. This highlights large site‐year influences on N supply from fixation. Furthermore, although greater N application did lead to greater yield in 1 year, it was also associated with greater white mold disease pressure and lower partial factor productivity (PFP). Thus, there is economic risk in N application to dark red kidney beans on irrigated sandy soil from reduced quality (mold damage) and lower N use efficiency (indicated by lower PFP), although site‐year effects remain unknown.
Split applications of molybdenum fertilizer on common bean increase molybdenum in seed
Authors: Prado Adalgisa L. , Araujo Eduardo F. , Carneiro José Eustáquio S. , Araujo Roberto F. , Braun Heder , Paula Trazilbo J. , Teixeira Pablo H. , Vieira Rogério F. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCommon bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants sprayed with molybdenum (Mo) fertilizer produce Mo‐enriched seeds, which may increase yield in Mo‐poor soils. The challenge has been to produce Mo‐enriched seeds with less fertilizer. Split applications of Mo increase seed Mo content (SMoC), but the number of splits that maximize SMoC has not been studied sufficiently. In three sprinkler‐irrigated field trials, we evaluated the effects of split‐applied Mo fertilizer on SMoC and seed physiological quality. All treatments received NPK fertilizer at sowing. In two treatments, 69 kg ha−1 of urea‐N was top‐dressed or not applied. In six treatments, Na2MoO4·2H2O was foliar‐sprayed once at either 90 or 600 g ha−1 of Mo at the 4th trifoliolate leaf (V4) growth stage, or 600 g ha−1 was split equally at V4 and bud initiation (R5); V4, R5, and full flowering (R6); V4, R5, R6, and early pod formation (R7); or V4, R5, R6, and early and late R7 growth stages. Seed yield for each trial ranged from 3723 to 4621 kg ha−1. Site‐treatment interaction was significant for SMoC and seed germination (p < 0.001). SMoC ranged from 0.11 to 0.23 (only NPK‐fertilized), 1.81 to 3.31 (600 g ha−1, no split), and 5.22 to 6.29 μg (four splits). Four and five splits did not differ significantly for any variable. In two trials, seeds from 600 g ha−1 of Mo had a 3.9% higher germination than seeds from 90 g ha−1. In conclusion, SMoC increases as the number of splits increase up to four times. Additionally, Mo applied at 600 g ha−1 may improve seed germination rate.
An estimation of the informal economy in the agricultural sector in the EU‐15 from 1996 to 2019
Authors: Schneider Friedrich , Morkunas Mangirdas , Quendler Erika 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study is the first to calculate the size and development of the informal/shadow economies in the agricultural sector for 15 “old” EU countries over 1996–2019. The multiple indicators multiple causes model was used for the estimation of levels and development of informal economies of these countries. The results show higher levels of informal economies in agriculture compared with those in the overall economies. One main contributing factor to this development was a change in the subsidization regime, namely, decoupling Common Agricultural Policy payments from quantities of products produced, introduced in 2003. The effects of taxation, share of imports, and factor income in agriculture are also important for the size of the informal agricultural economy. Finally, we disaggregate the informal work into subcategories, such as self‐employed, family and nonfamily, and household work. The biggest potential for the development of informal economy comes from taxation, regulation, and self‐employment, followed by family work and unreported employment. [EconLit Citations: Q11, Q14, Q19].
Workplace hazards and health among informally employed domestic workers in 14 cities, United States, 2011–2012: Using four approaches to characterize workers’ patterns of exposures
Authors: Wright Emily , Chen Jarvis T. , Beckfield Jason , Theodore Nik , Krieger Nancy 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe characterized informally employed US domestic workers’ (DWers) exposure to patterns of workplace hazards, as well as to single hazards, and examined associations with DWers’ work‐related and general health.MethodsWe analyzed cross‐sectional data from the sole nationwide survey of informally employed US DWers with work‐related hazards data, conducted in 14 cities (2011–2012; N = 2086). We characterized DWers’ exposures using four approaches: single exposures (n = 19 hazards), composite exposure to hazards selected a priori, classification trees, and latent class analysis. We used city fixed effects regression to estimate the risk ratio (RR) of work‐related back injury, work‐related illness, and fair‐to‐poor self‐rated health associated with exposure as defined by each approach.ResultsAcross all four approaches—net of individual, household, and occupational characteristics, and city fixed effects—exposure to workplace hazards was associated with increased risk of the three health outcomes. For work‐related back injury, the estimated RR associated with heavy lifting (the single hazard with the largest RR), exposure to all three hazards selected a priori (worker did heavy lifting, climbed to clean, and worked long hours) versus none, exposure to the two hazards identified by classification trees (heavy lifting, verbally abused) versus “no heavy lifting,” and membership in the most‐ versus least‐exposed latent class were, respectively, 3.4 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.7–4.1); 6.5 (95% CI 4.8–8.7); 4.4 (95% CI 3.6–5.3), and 6.6 (95% CI 4.6–9.4).ConclusionsMeasures of joint work‐related exposures were more strongly associated than single exposures with informally employed US DWers’ health profiles.
Quantum Optics Parity Effect on Generalized NOON States and Its Implications for Quantum Metrology
Authors: Migliore Agostino , Messina Antonino 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNOON states are entangled states of great interest in the development of quantum technologies, because they enable high‐precision phase measurements in interferometric schemes relevant to quantum metrology and sensing. This study shows that two degenerate modes of a cavity field coupled to an atom or molecule that can be modeled as a two‐level system through two‐photon interactions, initially prepared in a (generalized) NOON state, experience a dynamical evolution that distinctly depends on the parity of the photon number. When the total photon number is even, the system dynamics is characterized by a time range in which the state of the system evolves near maximally entangled states that may be fed to an optical interferometer to make phase measurements essentially at the Heisenberg limit. Such entangled states cannot be achieved for odd photon numbers instead. The parity effect thus emerges as a potential control factor in quantum metrology, sensing, and lithography.