bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolated Spinal Accessory Nerve Palsy from Volleyball Injury
Authors: Holan Cole A. , Egeland Brent M. , Henry Steven L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSpinal accessory nerve (SAN) palsy is typically a result of posterior triangle surgery and can present with partial or complete paralysis of the trapezius muscle and severe shoulder dysfunction. We share an atypical case of a patient who presented with SAN palsy following an injury sustained playing competitive volleyball. A 19-year-old right hand dominant competitive volleyball player presented with right shoulder weakness, dyskinesia, and pain. She injured the right shoulder during a volleyball game 2 years prior when diving routinely for a ball. On physical examination she had weakness of shoulder shrug and a pronounced shift of the scapula when abducting or forward flexing her shoulder greater than 90 degrees. Manual stabilization of the scapula eliminated this shift, so we performed scapulopexy to stabilize the inferior angle of the scapula. At 6 months postoperative, she had full active range of motion of the shoulder. SAN palsy can occur following what would seem to be a routine volleyball maneuver. This could be due to a combination of muscle hypertrophy from intensive volleyball training and stretch sustained while diving for a ball. Despite delayed presentation and complete atrophy of the trapezius, a satisfactory outcome was achieved with scapulopexy.
Basolateral amygdala activation enhances object recognition memory by inhibiting anterior insular cortex activity
Authors: Chen Yan-Fen , Song Qi , Colucci Paola , Maltese Federica , Siller-Pérez Cristina , Prins Karina , McGaugh James L. , Hermans Erno J. , Campolongo Patrizia , Nadif Kasri Nael , Roozendaal Benno 
Published: May 2022

Significance
The basolateral amygdala is known to mediate emotional arousal effects on different forms of recognition memory via functional interactions with the insular cortex. Human neuroimaging studies have revealed that emotional stimulation first rapidly increases activity of the anterior division of the insular cortex, as part of the large-scale salience network, but suppresses anterior insular cortex activity in a delayed fashion. Here, we show that the effect of noradrenergic activation of the basolateral amygdala on enhancing object recognition memory is associated with a suppression of anterior insular cortex activity during the postlearning consolidation period. Such delayed emotional arousal effects on brain network dynamics might disrupt attentional reorienting toward new external stimuli and thereby protect the ongoing consolidation process from interference.
Acute effects of sodium bicarbonate ingestion on cycling time‐trial performance: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lopes‐Silva João Paulo , Correia‐Oliveira Carlos Rafaell 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to investigate the isolated effects of NaHCO3 on cycling time‐trial performance. Furthermore, we investigated whether the ingestion time of NaHCO3, standardized or individualized based on time to peak, could be effective in improving cycling time‐trial performance. A systematic review was carried out on randomized placebo‐controlled studies. A random‐effects meta‐analysis assessed the standardized mean difference (SMD) between NaHCO3 and placebo conditions. Eighteen studies were qualitatively (systematic review) and quantitatively (meta‐analysis) analysed concerning mean power output (Wmean) (n = 182) and time performance (n = 201). The reviewed studies showed a low risk of bias and homogenous results for Wmean (I2 = 0%) and performance time (I2 = 0%). Overall, when compared to placebo, the NaHCO3 ingestion improved the Wmean (SMD: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.21–0.63; P = 0.001) and performance time (SMD: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.02–0.43; P = 0.03). Similarly, the NaHCO3 ingestion using a time‐to‐peak strategy improved the Wmean (SMD: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.03–0.75; P = 0.04; I2 = 15%) and performance time (SMD: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.07–0.61, P = 0.01, I2 = 0%). The present findings reveal that NaHCO3 ingestion has the potential to increase the overall performance time and Wmean in cycling time trials.Highlights
NaHCO3 is an effective strategy to increase cycling time‐trial performance.
The standardized protocol did not improve the cycling time‐trial performance parameters.
The individualized time‐to‐peak NaHCO3 ingestion has a positive effect on time and Wmean during cycling time‐trial performance
Continuation of solutions to elliptic and parabolic equations on hyperplanes and application to inverse source problems
Authors: Cheng Jin , Yamamoto Masahiro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We consider continuation of solutions u to elliptic and parabolic equations limited on hyperplane under some symmetry conditions of the coefficients: for two domains γ and Γ on a hyperplane in

R

d

satisfying γ ⊂ ⊂ Γ, we prove conditional stability estimates of u|Γ by u|
γ
for an elliptic equation and u|Γ×I
by u|
γ×(0,T) for a parabolic equation with open interval I ⊂ ⊂ (0, T). The proof is based on the even extension and conditional stability for Cauchy problems for elliptic and parabolic equations. We apply the result to prove the uniqueness for an inverse source problem for a heat equation of determining a spatial factor on Γ only by data on γ. Furthermore we provide characterizations of hyperplanes admitting such continuation. Finally we discuss such continuation for semi-linear elliptic equations.
Antibacterial effects of liquid discharge cold plasma on Enterococcus faecalis planktonic cultures and biofilms: an in vitro study of root canal treatment
Authors: Wen Yinghui , Luo Yun , Wei Xiaoling , Tan Haibo , Ai Rui , Xiong Zhujiang , Ye Liming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Although many researchers have studied the antibacterial effects of gas discharge plasma in root canal disinfection, there are few studies on the potential of liquid discharge plasma in root canal disinfection. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effects of liquid discharge cold plasma (LDCP) on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) planktonic cultures and four-week-old root canal biofilms. Antibacterial efficacy was determined by the colony-forming unit method. Changes in the viability and surface morphology were studied by confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The results showed that LDCP treatment had a significant antibacterial effect on planktonic E. faecalis, and had a better antibacterial effect on biofilms than 0.2% chlorhexidine treatment. The normal spherical structure of E. faecalis dissociated, and biofilm architectures were destroyed after LDCP treatment. This work opens doors to the potential application of using liquid discharge plasma devices for root canal treatment.
Active metasurface microwave absorber with reconfigurable bandwidth and absorption intensity
Authors: Zhao Huafen , Zhao Haonan , Fang Shuguang , Tang Chao , Deng Lianwen , Qiu Leilei , Li Chen , Du Junsa , Huang Shengxiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, an active metasurface microwave absorber with reconfigurable bandwidth and absorption intensity is proposed. The metasurface unit adopts a metallic-backed structure, and its thickness is approximately 0.08 times the free-space wavelength. As the key feature, the structure with reconfigurable bandwidth and absorption intensity is adopting hollow Jerusalem-cross-shaped pattern-loaded PIN diodes. By virtue of the synergy of the dielectric and ohmic loss, effective and stable microwave absorption is readily achieved, and the simulation results obtained from high frequency structure simulator and advanced design system are in agreement. The reconfigurable absorption bandwidth of the metasurface covers C-band, X-band, and Ka-band, with reconfigurable absorption intensity up to 13 dB range. Then, the sample prototype is fabricated for demonstration, and the measurement result is consistent well with the simulation one. In addition, the structure also has a small reflection in a wide reflection angle space (−60°–60°), which is of great significance for radar stealth.
MoS2 doping and concentration optimization for application-specific design of P3HT-viologen-based solid state electrochromic device
Authors: Kandpal Suchita , Ghosh Tanushree , Rani Chanchal , Rani Sonam , Bansal Love , Tanwar Manushree , Bhatia Ravi , Sameera I , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Methods to improve the performance of solid state electrochromic devices (ECDs) need to be explored and the dynamic doping process must be optimized to achieve ideal device performance. Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) doped ECD has been fabricated by using two conducting polymeric films, i.e. polythiophene (P3HT) and ethyl viologen (EV), to investigate the role of 2D material doping on the overall device performance. Hydrothermally grown MoS2 nanoflowers, characterized using x-ray diffraction, electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used for this purpose. Furthermore, the effect of MoS2 dopant concentration on the performance of an EV/P3HT-based ECD was studied systematically. The prepared solid-state ECD shows improved electrochromic performance in terms of switching speed, color contrast and coloration efficiency while switching its color from one state to the other (magenta and blue) under a very small external bias (±1.4 V). The transition from colored to bleached state is fastest for the highest (0.3 wt%) MoS2-doped ECD, whereas the color contrast and coloration efficiency is maximum for the lowest (0.1 wt%) MoS2-doped device. The variation in electrochromic parameters as a function of dopant (MoS2) concentration reveals that an appropriate concentration must be chosen depending on the requirement
Dimensionality reduction method based on similarity balance discriminant projection for bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Shi Mingkuan , Ding Chuancang , Shi Juanjuan , Jiang Xingxing , Huang Weiguo , Zhu Zhongkui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
For data-driven intelligent diagnosis, comprehensive mining of the information in the data is a key issue and a great challenge. Knowledge of how to discover potentially useful information in the data is particularly critical to increase the accuracy of fault pattern recognition. The structural and discriminative information in the data present a potential direction from which to solve the issue and overcome the challenge. In this study, a similarity balance discriminant projection (SBDP) algorithm is proposed, by incorporating an optimized support vector machine (SVM) and then developing a fault diagnosis model for rolling bearing fault diagnosis. To address the defects of unbalanced adjacency relations and non-strictly monotonic between-class weight functions, SBDP reconstructs new within-class and between-class adjacency graphs by fusing structural and category information, thus effectively preserving the intrinsic manifold structure information of high-dimensional feature data. The effectiveness and suitability of the proposed model is demonstrated for two kinds of bearing diagnosis applications. The application results indicate that SBDP is better able to extract features representing the intrinsic information of faults and the optimized SVM is effective in identifying the fault types with high accuracy.
SPION based magnetic PLGA nanofibers for neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Mohammadalizadeh Mahdieh , Dabirian Sara , Akrami Mohammad , Hesari Zahra 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Recently, magnetic platforms have been widely investigated in diagnostic, therapeutic and research applications due to certain properties, such as cell and tissue tracking and imaging, thermal therapy and being dirigible. In this study, the incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in nanofibers has been proposed to combine the advantages of both nanofibers and MNPs to induce neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Magnetic poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanofibers (containing 0%, 5% and 10% SPION) were fabricated and utilized as the matrix for the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Morphological, magnetic and mechanical properties were analyzed using FESEM, VSM and tensile test, respectively. The expression of neural markers (TUJ-1, NSE, MAP-2) was assessed quantitative and qualitatively utilizing RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry. Results confirmed the incorporation of MNPs in nanofibrous scaffold, presenting a saturation magnetization of 9.73 emu g−1. Also, with increase in magnetic particle concentration (0%–10%), tensile strength increased from 4.08 to 5.85 MPa, whereas the percentage of elongation decreased. TUJ-1 expression was 3.8 and 1.8 fold for 10% and 5% magnetic scaffold (versus non-magnetic scaffold) respectively, and the expression of NSE was 6.3 and 1.2-fold for 10% and 5%, respectively. Consequently, it seems that incorporation of magnetic biomaterial can promote the neural differentiation of MSCs, during which the augmentation of super paramagnetic iron oxide concentration from 0% to 10% accelerates the neural differentiation process.
Magnetization reversal properties and magnetostatic interactions of disk to rod-shaped FeNi layers separated by ultra-thin Cu layers
Authors: Abbas Mohammed H , Ramazani A , Montazer A H , Almasi Kashi M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
From fast magnetic memories with low-power consumption to recording media with high densities, realizing the magnetization reversal and interaction of magnetic layers would allow for manipulating the ultimate properties. Here, we use a pulsed electrochemical deposition technique in porous alumina templates (50 nm in pore diameter) to fabricate arrays of nanowires, consisting of FeNi layers (26−227 nm in thickness) with disk to rod-shaped morphologies separated by ultra-thin (3 nm) Cu layers. By acquiring hysteresis curves and first-order reversal curves (FORCs) of the multilayer nanowire arrays, we comprehensively investigate magnetization reversal properties and magnetostatic interactions of the layers at different field angles (0° ≤ θ ≤ 90°). These involve the extraction of several parameters, including hysteresis curve coercivity (H

c

Hyst
), FORC coercivity (H

c

FORC
), interaction field distribution width (ΔH

u
), and irreversible fraction of magnetization (IF

m
) as a function of θ. We find relatively constant and continuously decreasing trends of H

c

Hyst
when 0° ≤ θ ≤ 45°, and 45° < θ ≤ 90°, respectively. Meanwhile, angular dependence of H

c

FORC
and IF

m
shows continuously increasing and decreasing trends, irrespective of the FeNi layer morphology. Our FORC results indicate the magnetization reversal properties of the FeNi/Cu nanowires are accompanied with vortex domain wall and single vortex modes, especially at high field angles. The rod-shaped layers also induce maximum ΔH

u
during the reversal process, owing to enhancements in both magnetizing and demagnetizing-type magnetostatic interactions.
Estimating rate-induced tipping via asymptotic series and a Melnikov-like method*
Authors: Kuehn Christian , Longo Iacopo P 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The paper deals with the study of rate-induced tipping in asymptotically autonomous scalar ordinary differential equations. We prove that, in such a tipping scenario, a solution which limits at a hyperbolic stable equilibrium of the past limit-problem loses uniform asymptotic stability and coincides with a solution which limits at a hyperbolic unstable equilibrium of the future limit-problem. We use asymptotic series to approximate such pairs of solutions and characterize the occurrence of a rate-induced tipping by using only solutions calculable on finite time intervals. Moreover, we show that a Melnikov-inspired method employing the asymptotic series allows to asymptotically approximate the tipping point.
Single-molecule nano-optoelectronics: insights from physics
Authors: Li Peihui , Zhou Li , Zhao Cong , Ju Hongyu , Gao Qinghua , Si Wei , Cheng Li , Hao Jie , Li Mengmeng , Chen Yijian , Jia Chuancheng , Guo Xuefeng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Single-molecule optoelectronic devices promise a potential solution for miniaturization and functionalization of silicon-based microelectronic circuits in the future. For decades of its fast development, this field has made significant progress in the synthesis of optoelectronic materials, the fabrication of single-molecule devices and the realization of optoelectronic functions. On the other hand, single-molecule optoelectronic devices offer a reliable platform to investigate the intrinsic physical phenomena and regulation rules of matters at the single-molecule level. To further realize and regulate the optoelectronic functions toward practical applications, it is necessary to clarify the intrinsic physical mechanisms of single-molecule optoelectronic nanodevices. Here, we provide a timely review to survey the physical phenomena and laws involved in single-molecule optoelectronic materials and devices, including charge effects, spin effects, exciton effects, vibronic effects, structural and orbital effects. In particular, we will systematically summarize the basics of molecular optoelectronic materials, and the physical effects and manipulations of single-molecule optoelectronic nanodevices. In addition, fundamentals of single-molecule electronics, which are basic of single-molecule optoelectronics, can also be found in this review. At last, we tend to focus the discussion on the opportunities and challenges arising in the field of single-molecule optoelectronics, and propose further potential breakthroughs.
Efficient electron acceleration by using Hermite-cosh-Gaussian laser beam in vacuum
Authors: Pramanik Ashok Kumar , Ghotra Harjit Singh , Kant Niti , Rajput Jyoti 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The electron acceleration in vacuum has been studied theoretically using a radially polarized (RP) Hermite-cosh-Gaussian (HChG) laser beam. Even if the laser’s power is low, the RP HChG laser beam is quite effective and responsible for producing high energy electron. Due to the beauty (earlier focus) of such a laser beam, it is significantly better suited to acquiring GeV order energy over short periods of time than other laser beams. The electron acceleration process is strongly influenced by two more adjustable parameters associated with this beam: decentered parameter (b) and Hermite order (s). Throughout this investigation, better trapping phenomena have been identified. The effects of changing the intensity parameter (

a
0

), the beam waist width (

r
0
′

), the decentered parameter (b), and the order of the Hermite function on electron energy gain have been investigated.
Modelling the Alfvén eigenmode induced fast-ion flow measured by an imaging neutral particle analyzer
Authors: Gonzalez-Martin J. , Du X.D. , Heidbrink W.W. , Van Zeeland M.A. , Särkimäki K. , Snicker A. , Wang X. , Todo Y. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
An imaging neutral particle analyzer (INPA) provides energy and radially resolved measurements of the confined fast-ion population ranging from the high-field side to the edge on the midplane of the DIII-D tokamak. In recent experiments, it was used to diagnose fast-ion flow in the INPA-interrogated phase-space driven by multiple, marginally unstable Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs). The key features of this measured fast-ion flow are: (I) a fast-ion flow from q
min and the injection energy (81 keV) towards lower energies and plasma periphery.(II) A flow from the same location towards higher energies and the plasma core, (III) a phase-space ‘hole’ at the injected energy and plasma core and (IV) a pile-up at the plasma core at lower energies (∼60 keV). Ad hoc energetic particle diffusivity modelling of TRANSP significantly deviates from the observation. Comparably, a reduced modelling, i.e. a combination of NOVA-K and ASCOT5 code with the measured mode structure and amplitude, generally reproduce some key features of the observed phase-space flow, but largely failed to interpret fast ion depletion near the plasma axis. At last, self-consistent, first-principle multi-phase hybrid simulations that include realistic neutral beam injection and collisions are able to reproduce most features of the time-resolved phase-space flow. During consecutive hybrid phases, an RSAE consistent with the experiment grows and saturates, redistributing the injected fast ions. The resulting synthetic INPA images are in good agreement with the measurement near the injection energy. The simulations track the fast-ion redistribution within the INPA range, confirming that the measured fast-ion flow follows streamlines defined by the intersection of phase-space surfaces of constant magnetic moment μ and constant E′ = nE + ωP

ϕ
, where n and ω are the instability toroidal mode number and frequency, and E and P

ϕ
the ion energy and toroidal canonical momentum. Nonperturbative effects are required to reproduce the depletion of fast ions near the magnetic axis at the injection energy.
The NASA Carbon Monitoring System Phase 2 synthesis: scope, findings, gaps and recommended next steps
Authors: Hurtt George C , Andrews Arlyn , Bowman Kevin , Brown Molly E , Chatterjee Abhishek , Escobar Vanessa , Fatoyinbo Lola , Griffith Peter , Guy Maddie , Healey Sean P , Jacob Daniel J , Kennedy Robert , Lohrenz Steven , McGroddy Megan E , Morales Valeria , Nehrkorn Thomas , Ott Lesley , Saatchi Sassan , Sepulveda Carlo Edil , Serbin Shawn P , Tian Hanqin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Underlying policy efforts to address global climate change is the scientific need to develop the methods to accurately measure and model carbon stocks and fluxes across the wide range of spatial and temporal scales in the Earth system. Initiated in 2010, the NASA Carbon Monitoring System is one of the most ambitious relevant science initiatives to date, exploiting the satellite remote sensing resources, computational capabilities, scientific knowledge, airborne science capabilities, and end-to-end system expertise that are major strengths of the NASA Earth Science program. Here we provide a synthesis of ‘Phase 2’ activities (2011–2019), encompassing 79 projects, 482 publications, and 136 data products. Our synthesis addresses four key questions: What has been attempted? What major results have been obtained? What major gaps and uncertainties remain? and What are the recommended next steps? Through this review, we take stock of what has been accomplished and identify future priorities toward meeting the nation’s needs for carbon monitoring reporting and verification.