bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on Continuous Wave Electromagnetic Effect in Swept Frequency Radar
Authors: Du Xue , Wei Guanghui , Zhao Hongze , Pan Xiaodong 
Published: December 2021

In order to establish the prediction model of radar equipment in multisource complex electromagnetic environment, the blocking effect and false alarm interference effect caused by single-frequency CW (continuous wave) electromagnetic interference on typical radar equipment are studied. Taking a certain sweep radar as the research object, the equivalent injection test of EMI (electromagnetic interference) is carried out. Based on the theory of radar front door coupling, the interference mechanism of EMI to radar receiver RF front end is revealed, and the variation law of blocking target and false alarm target level is analyzed. The results show that, under the single-frequency CW-EMI, the target echo level decreases with the increase of the interference field strength, and the false alarm level increases with the increase of the interference field strength. The blocking jamming sensitive bandwidth is about

f

0

±
200

MHz

, and the false alarm jamming sensitive bandwidth is about

f

0

±
80

MHz

.
lncRNA PCAT14 Is a Diagnostic Marker for Prostate Cancer and Is Associated with Immune Cell Infiltration
Authors: Yan Yunkun , Liu Jianjun , Xu Zhijian , Ye Mushi , Li Jianchang 
Published: December 2021

Objective. To investigate the relationship between the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) Prostate cancer-associated transcription factors 14 (PCAT14) and the clinical characteristics of prostate cancer and immune cell infiltration. Methods. The relationship between PCAT14 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer was analyzed based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the value of PCAT14 as a diagnostic marker for prostate cancer. The relationship between PCAT14 and immune cell infiltration was analyzed to explore the effect of PCAT14 on the immune-related functions of prostate cancer. Results. The ROC curve showed that PCAT14 had a significant diagnostic ability (

area

under

curve
=
0.818

) for prostate cancer. A reduced expression of PCAT14 in prostate cancer was related to T stage, N stage, primary therapy outcome, residual tumor, Gleason score, and age. The expression of PCAT14 was independently associated with the progression-free interval in prostate cancer patients. The infiltration of immune cells in prostate cancer showed a significant negative correlation between the expression of PCAT14 and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, activated dendritic cells, regulatory T cells, and neutrophils. Conclusions. PCAT14 is highly expressed in prostate cancer and is expected to be a diagnostic marker. PCAT14 might promote the development of prostate cancer through chemokines, antimicrobials, and cytokines that affect the infiltration of immune cells.
Burnout y bienestar estudiantil: una mirada nueva a un problema viejo
Authors: Bitran Marcela 
Published: December 2021

El aumento de la prevalencia de problemas de salud mental y burnout en estudiantes y profesionales de la salud en Chile y el mundo, asociado a la actual pandemia de COVID-19, ha visibilizado un viejo problema que urge abordar: el agotamiento crónico y los problemas de salud mental que sufren los estudiantes a lo largo de su formación. Para resolverlo, se requiere mucho más que mejorar el acceso a servicios de salud mental o propiciar iniciativas puntuales que promuevan el bienestar. Es preciso revisar la cultura institucional, remover las barreras al bienestar e introducir iniciativas que permitan la ‘seguridad psicológica’, característica de ambientes educacionales que favorecen el bienestar y el aprendizaje significativo. En un futuro cercano, las instituciones formadoras tendrán que demostrar que sus estudiantes y docentes tienen niveles adecuados de bienestar, y que implementan y evalúan regularmente el impacto de las políticas curriculares destinadas a asegurar este objetivo. En este artículo revisaremos la situación de salud mental de los estudiantes de medicina, particularmente del síndrome de agotamiento profesional o burnout y sus consecuencias; describiremos algunas evidencias de intervenciones exitosas para reducir el burnout, incluyendo una experiencia nacional, y analizaremos la relación entre la cultura médica y el bienestar estudiantil. Finalmente, reflexionaremos sobre las características de los ambientes educacionales que permiten un aprendizaje profundo y significativo, y que compatibilizan la excelencia académica con el bienestar de los aprendices.
Acute Coronary Syndromes in Sub‐Saharan Africa: A 10‐Year Systematic Review
Authors: Yao Hermann , Ekou Arnaud , Niamkey Thierry , Hounhoui Gan Sandra , Kouamé Isabelle , Afassinou Yaovi , Ehouman Esther , Touré Camille , Zeller Marianne , Cottin Yves , N’Guetta Roland 
Published: December 2021

Background
Data in the literature on acute coronary syndrome in sub‐Saharan Africa are scarce.

Methods and Results
We conducted a systematic review of the MEDLINE (PubMed) database of observational studies of acute coronary syndrome in sub‐Saharan Africa from January 1, 2010 to June 30, 2020. Acute coronary syndrome was defined according to current definitions. Abstracts and then the full texts of the selected articles were independently screened by 2 blinded investigators. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses standards. We identified 784 articles with our research strategy, and 27 were taken into account for the final analysis. Ten studies report a prevalence of acute coronary syndrome among patients admitted for cardiovascular disease ranging from 0.21% to 22.3%. Patients were younger, with a minimum age of 52 years in South Africa and Djibouti. There was a significant male predominance. Hypertension was the main risk factor (50%–55% of cases). Time to admission tended to be long, with the longest times in Tanzania (6.6 days) and Burkina Faso (4.3 days). Very few patients were admitted by medicalized transport, particularly in Côte d'Ivoire (only 34% including 8% by emergency medical service). The clinical presentation is dominated by ST–elevation sudden cardiac arrest. Percutaneous coronary intervention is not widely available but was performed in South Africa, Kenya, Côte d'Ivoire, Sudan, and Mauritania. Fibrinolysis was the most accessible means of revascularization, with streptokinase as the molecule of choice. Hospital mortality was highly variable between 1.2% and 24.5% depending on the study populations and the revascularization procedures performed. Mortality at follow‐up varied from 7.8% to 43.3%. Some studies identified factors predictive of mortality.

Conclusions
The significant disparities in our results underscore the need for a multicenter registry for acute coronary syndrome in sub‐Saharan Africa in order to develop consensus‐based strategies, propose and evaluate tailored interventions, and identify prognostic factors.
Combined Effect of Homocysteine and Uric Acid to Identify Patients With High Risk for Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Wang Shihao , Wei Yushan , Hidru Tesfaldet Habtemariam , Li Daobo , Wang Nan , Yang Yiheng , Wang Yunsong , Yang Xiaolei , Xia Yunlong 
Published: December 2021

Background
Subclinical atrial fibrillation (SCAF) is often asymptomatic nonetheless harmful. In patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices, we evaluated the combined performance of homocysteine and uric acid (UA) biomarkers to discriminate high‐risk patients for SCAF.

Methods and Results
We enrolled 1224 consecutive patients for evaluation of SCAF in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices in Dalian, China, between January 2013 and December 2019. Clinical data and blood samples were obtained from patients selected according to the absence or presence of atrial high‐rate episodes >6 minutes. Blood samples were obtained, and homocysteine and UA biomarkers were tested in all patients to distinguish their prognostic performance for SCAF. Homocysteine and UA biomarkers were significantly different in SCAF versus no SCAF. On multivariable Cox regression analysis with potential confounders, elevated homocysteine and UA biomarkers were significantly associated with an increased risk of SCAF. A rise of 1 SD in homocysteine (5.7 μmol/L) was associated with an increased risk of SCAF in men and women regardless of their UA levels. Similarly, a 1‐SD increase in UA (91 μmol/L) was associated with an increased risk of SCAF among the patients with high levels of homocysteine in men (hazard ratio, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.43–2.30) and women (hazard ratio, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.69–2.62). The addition of homocysteine and UA to the atrial fibrillation risk factors recommended by the 2020 European Society of Cardiology Guidelines significantly improved risk discrimination for SCAF.

Conclusions
Homocysteine and UA biomarkers were strongly associated with SCAF. The prediction performance of the European Society of Cardiology model for SCAF was increased by the addition of the selected biomarkers.

Registration

URL:
https://www.chictr.org.cn
; Unique identifier: Chi‐CTR200003837.
Serum Growth Differentiation Factor 15 Levels Are Associated With Depression After Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Zang Yuhan , Zhu Zhengbao , Xie Yi , Liu Zhen , Yin Jieyun , Yang Pinni , Zhang Kaixin , Bu Xiaoqing , Wang Aili , Chen Jing , Zhang Yonghong , He Jiang 
Published: December 2021

Background
The effect of serum growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF‐15) on poststroke depression (PSD) remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum GDF‐15 and PSD among patients with ischemic stroke.

Methods and Results

This study was based on a random sample from CATIS (China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke). A total of 572 patients from 7 participating hospitals with GDF‐15 levels were included in this analysis. The study outcome was depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score ≥8) at 3 months after ischemic stroke. A total of 231 (40.4%) patients with stroke experienced PSD within 3 months. The multivariate‐adjusted odds ratio of PSD associated with the highest tertile of serum GDF‐15 was 2.92 (95% CI, 1.36–6.27) compared with the lowest tertile. Each SD increase in log‐transformed GDF‐15 was associated with a 42% (95% CI, 2%–97%) increased risk of PSD, and a linear association between serum GDF‐15 and the risk of PSD was observed (
P
for linearity=0.006).

Conclusions
Elevated serum GDF‐15 levels in the acute phase of ischemic stroke were independently associated with PSD, suggesting that GDF‐15 may be a valuable prognostic biomarker for PSD.
Use of Direct Oral Anticoagulant and Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Insights From the STS/ACC TVT Registry
Authors: Tanawuttiwat Tanyanan , Stebbins Amanda , Marquis‐Gravel Guillaume , Vemulapalli Sreekanth , Kosinski Andrzej S. , Cheng Alan 
Published: December 2021

Background
Clinical evidence on the safety and effectiveness of using direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with atrial fibrillation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) remains limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the trends and outcomes of using DOACs in patients with TAVR and atrial fibrillation.

Methods and Results
Data from the STS/ACC TVT (Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology Transcatheter Valve Therapy) Registry was used to identify patients who underwent successful TAVR with preexisting or incident atrial fibrillation who were discharged on oral anticoagulation between January 2013 and May 2018. Patients with a mechanical valve, valve‐in‐valve procedure, or prior stroke within a year were excluded. The adjusted primary outcome was 1‐year stroke events. The adjusted secondary outcomes included bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage, and death. A total of 21 131 patients were included in the study (13 004 TAVR patients were discharged on a vitamin K antagonist and 8127 were discharged on DOACs.) The use of DOACs increased 5.5‐fold from 2013 to 2018. The 1‐year incidence of stroke was comparable between DOAC‐treated patients and vitamin K antagonist‐treated patients (2.51% versus 2.37%; hazard ratio [HR], 1.00; 95% CI, 0.81–1.23) whereas DOAC‐treated patients had lower 1‐year incidence of any bleeding (11.9% versus 15.0%; HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.75–0.89), intracranial hemorrhage (0.33% versus 0.59%; HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.33–0.87), and death (15.8% versus 18.2%; HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85–1.00).

Conclusions
In patients with TAVR and atrial fibrillation, DOAC use, when compared with vitamin K antagonists, was associated with comparable stroke risk and significantly lower risks of bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage, and death at 1 year.
Subclinical Measures of Peripheral Atherosclerosis and the Risk of New‐Onset Atrial Fibrillation in the General Population: the Rotterdam Study
Authors: Geurts Sven , Brunborg Cathrine , Papageorgiou Grigorios , Ikram M. Arfan , Kavousi Maryam 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundLimited population‐based data on the (sex‐specific) link between subclinical measures of peripheral atherosclerosis and new‐onset atrial fibrillation (AF) exist.Methods and ResultsSubclinical measures of peripheral atherosclerosis including carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT), carotid plaque, and ankle‐brachial index (ABI) were assessed at baseline and follow‐up examinations. A total of 12 840 participants free of AF at baseline from the population‐based Rotterdam Study were included. Cox proportional hazards models and joint models, adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors, were used to determine the associations between baseline and longitudinal measures of cIMT, carotid plaque, and ABI with new‐onset AF. During a median follow‐up of 9.2 years, 1360 incident AF cases occurred among 12 840 participants (mean age 65.2 years, 58.3% women). Higher baseline cIMT (fully‐adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 95% CI, 1.81, 1.21–2.71;P=0.0042), presence of carotid plaque (fully‐adjusted HR, 95% CI, 1.19, 1.04–1.35;P=0.0089), lower ABI (fully‐adjusted HR, 95% CI, 1.57, 1.14–2.18;P=0.0061) and longitudinal measures of higher cIMT (fully‐adjusted HR, 95% CI, 2.14, 1.38–3.29;P=0.0021), presence of carotid plaque (fully‐adjusted HR, 95% CI, 1.61, 1.12–2.43;P=0.0112), and lower ABI (fully‐adjusted HR, 95% CI, 4.43, 1.83–10.49;P=0.0007) showed significant associations with new‐onset AF in the general population. Sex‐stratified analyses showed that the associations for cIMT, carotid plaque, and ABI were mostly prominent among women.ConclusionsBaseline and longitudinal subclinical measures of peripheral atherosclerosis (carotid atherosclerosis, and lower extremity peripheral atherosclerosis) were significantly associated with an increased risk of new‐onset AF, especially among women.RegistrationURL:https://www.trialregister.nl,https://www.apps.who.int/trialsearch/; Unique identifier: NL6645/NTR6831.
The Metaphors of Conscientia in Seneca’s Epistles
Authors: Németh Attila 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Seneca’s masterful application of metaphors often illuminates some Stoic technical terminology in contexts, which render them meaningful and familiar to his Roman readers. In this paper I argue that in certain instances, these metaphors are also used to organize whole systems of concepts that refer to an essential theoretical component of Seneca’s philosophy. By studying the literary and philosophical context of these metaphors, I reconstruct Seneca’s requirement for moral self-improvement in his Epistles and propose that his conception of conscientia or ‘moral conscience’—a notion scattered throughout his writings but which, as the examination of his systematic metaphors will prove, has a consistent, identical function everywhere it appears—points to some novel rational characteristics of the philosopher’s conception of the self.
Exemplary Biography
Authors: Murray Jeffrey 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Moving away from the nineteenth century’s concern with Quellenforschung, serious study of Valerius Maximus’ Facta et dicta memorabilia in the twentieth century produced a variety of different approaches to this Tiberian text of exemplary tales. One of the most interesting projects in this regard was produced by T.F. Carney, who scrutinised a key exemplar, Gaius Marius, across the work. In constructing a ‘biography’ from the exempla themselves, Carney’s labour contributed much to Roman history generally, but also pioneered a novel methodology for reading Valerius Maximus—one that was taken up and imitated by later scholars. This methodology, however, is not without problems, particularly in relation to the way that Valerius has shaped, structured, and arranged his work at the level of chapter. By building upon Carney’s methodology, but also considering the context of the individual chapters themselves, I provide in this paper a case study of the way in which Valerius writes the life of Marcus Tullius Cicero—a figure unique in the Facta et dicta memorabilia in being both exemplar and a major source for the work. In doing so, this article elucidates the process of ‘exemplary biography’.
Effect of host plants on the oviposition preference of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Authors: Madhu T.N. , Mohan K. Murali 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders, 1843)) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is an important pest of cotton. We aimed to study the effect of different host plants on the oviposition preference of pink bollworm under laboratory conditions. Cotton (Bt and non-Bt), okra and hibiscus plants were used, which vary in morphological characteristics. Significant differences were observed in the density of trichomes and it is positively correlated with oviposition behaviour of pink bollworm. In a no-choice test, we recorded a higher number of eggs on Bt and non-Bt cotton plants. In two-, three- and four-choice experiments, pink bollworm preferred to deposit the maximum number of eggs on non-Bt cotton among other host plants. A substantially higher number of eggs were laid on Bt cotton in combinations with okra and hibiscus and a considerably lower number on non-Bt cotton. We recorded fewer numbers of eggs on hibiscus in all combinations. Overall, pink bollworm moths showed greater affinity towards non-Bt cotton plants and deposited the maximum number of eggs there. From the practical point of view, the development of cotton genotypes which are devoid or have a lesser density of trichomes may be a possible solution to reduce the pink bollworm egg load on cotton.
Diet reflects opportunistic feeding habit of the Asian water monitor (Varanus salvator)
Authors: Yu Xin , Mohd Zanudin Akalili B.T. , Rusli Mohd Uzair , Booth David T. , Lei Juan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Asian water monitor (Varanus salvator) is a large generalist predator and scavenger lizard. This species has a widespread distribution throughout South and Southeast Asia and is frequently encountered around the edges of urban settlements. Here, we present information on diet diversity and habitat utilisation of a population of Asian water monitors inhabiting the University of Malaysia Terengganu campus located on the east coast of mainland Malaysia. The stomach contents of 30 Asian water monitors were examined by stomach flushing, and 47.6% of stomach contents was mangrove crab, 26.2% was human waste and 26.2% was other natural foods consisting of fruits, fishes, leeches, snails, birds and insects. We then recorded the locations and habitats utilised by patrolling the campus area and found Asian water monitors preferred to use water and mangrove forest habitats that fringed and crisscrossed the campus. The broad diversity of stomach contents reflected food available at this location and indicates the opportunistic feeding habit of this species. Given that this species widely distributed in Southeast Asia, its broad diet diversity and habitat variations may promote the adaptation of Asian water monitor to different environments.
Left Movements and the Army in Turkey (1961–71): The Case of the Yön-Devrim Movement
Authors: Şener Mustafa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Turkey’s long sixties started with a military coup (May 27, 1960) and ended with another military coup (March 12, 1971). During this period, there was an explosion in the number of radical left and socialist movements in Turkey. One of the leading left movements of the period was the Yön-Devrim movement. The most distinctive feature of this movement was the special role it placed on the military in the transition to socialism. In this article, we will focus on the relationship between the military and left/socialist politics during this period. To this end, we will examine the Yön-Devrim movement, specifically their approach to the military. In particular, we will examine why this movement imposed a “progressive” mission on the military, what kind of a transition a possible military coup would provide for socialism, and what role they envisioned for the army, and the bureaucracy in general, in the class struggle.
Women of ’68 and Their Experiences of Bargaining With Patriarchy
Authors: Beşpinar Zeynep 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The main objective of this article is to elaborate on the narratives of women who were in leading positions in the ’68 student movement in Turkey and to grasp their experiences and strategies of bargaining with patriarchy. The analysis is based on six selected in-depth interviews I conducted in 2004 with prominent women figures of the movement. By using the theoretical framework offered by the works of Deniz Kandiyoti and Ayşe Durakbaşa, I make a comparison between the women of ’68 and the previous generation, namely the “daughters of the Republic”, in terms of their values, norms and relational patterns. Furthermore, I exhibit the continuities and discontinuities in strategies of bargaining with patriarchy between these two generations of women. Finally, I evaluate the change they triggered in the construction of womanhood and their impact on the next generations of women.
The Effects of Mandarin Chinese Lexical Tones in Sound–Shape and Sound–Size Correspondences
Authors: Chang Yen-Han , Zhao Mingxue , Chen Yi-Chuan , Huang Pi-Chun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Crossmodal correspondences refer to when specific domains of features in different sensory modalities are mapped. We investigated how vowels and lexical tones drive sound–shape (rounded or angular) and sound–size (large or small) mappings among native Mandarin Chinese speakers. We used three vowels (/i/, /u/, and /a/), and each vowel was articulated in four lexical tones. In the sound–shape matching, the tendency to match the rounded shape was decreased in the following order: /u/, /i/, and /a/. Tone 2 was more likely to be matched to the rounded pattern, whereas Tone 4 was more likely to be matched to the angular pattern. In the sound–size matching, /a/ was matched to the larger object more than /u/ and /i/, and Tone 2 and Tone 4 correspond to the large–small contrast. The results demonstrated that both vowels and tones play prominent roles in crossmodal correspondences, and sound–shape and sound–size mappings are heterogeneous phenomena.