bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Survey and Analysis on Multi-Domain Digital Forensic Tools, Techniques and Issues
Authors: D Paul Joseph , Perumal Viswanathan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
.Forensics is a term that can be used by both the physical and digital world. In the physical world, forensics is associated with physical science investigations such as DNA examination and bloodstains. On the other hand, the digital world consists of seizure, analysis, and protection of digital evidence that can be obtained from physical or virtual storage devices. Forensic investigators retrieve and analyze data using forensic tools that cover a range of features and capabilities. However, these tools have not achieved a high degree of reliability and accuracy yet. As there are many tools currently available for researchers to utilize, this survey provides an extensive assessment of forensic domains and the complex issues and tools applicable for each domain. Additionally, this survey provides a balanced evaluation of the most popular forensic investigation tools in use today. In this survey, tools are experimentally evaluated by considering features of the tools as well as their respective product, performance, and functional metrics. The assessed tools are ranked using the weighted means of tool features, specifically in terms of reliability, scalability, and accuracy. These bench marked results and the discussion of open issues in digital forensics will serve in suggesting future research directions and aid in selecting the most suitable forensic tool for investigation in a timely manner.
Time to Develop Phlebitis and Its Predictors among Patients with Peripheral Intravenous Cannula at Public Hospitals of Bahir Dar City, Amhara, Ethiopia, 2022: A Prospective Follow up Study
Authors: Lidetu Tadios , Yirga Alemshet 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground:Phlebitis is the inflammation of the vein and common complication of peripheral intravenous cannula. Phlebitis leads the patient to sepsis and pulmonary embolism that increase mortality. Literature on Phlebitis is scanty in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study focuses on the time to develop (incidence) and predictors of phlebitis.Methods and Materials:An institution based prospective follow up study was conducted at public Hospitals of Bahir Dar city and 462 patients who were selected through systematic random sampling technique. Phlebitis was identified by Jackson’s Visual Infusion Phlebitis Scoring System. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used.Results:In this study, 462 patients participated, of those, 171(37.01%) acquired phlebitis. The median survival time to develop phlebitis was six days. Age group > 60 years (AHR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.29-0.82) was preventive factor. Whereas, Chronic-diseases (AHR =1.50, 95% CI 1.09-2.07), drugs and blood administer in one vein (AHR=2.03, 95% CI 1.44-2.86), inappropriate cannula dressing (AHR=1.81, 95% CI 1.31-2.51), large cannula size (AHR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.08-2.15) and longer cannula dwelling time (AHR =7.39, 95% CI 4.12-13.32) found as risk factors of phlebitis.Conclusion and recommendation:Younger age, chronic disease, using one intravenous line for more than one purpose, larger cannula size, inappropriate cannula dressing and longer cannula dwelling time were found as risk factors for phlebitis. Therefore, patients with those risk factors need to get special care and follow up.
Influence of ocean tidal loading on continuous gravity observations in eastern China
Authors: Zhao Yabo , Wei Jin , Hu Minzhang , Jiang Ying , Zhang Xiaotong , Liu Ziwei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Global and regional ocean tidal models were used to analyze the gravity effects of ocean tidal loading on continuous gravity observations in eastern China. The accuracies of tidal loading gravity correction results for 21 gPhone and superconducting gravity stations were evaluated. The global ocean tidal model was most effective for gravity correction at inland stations (up to 90%), but less effective at coastal stations (only 60%). Taking into account regional ocean tidal models, the effectiveness of tidal loading correction increased to 80%, and the root sum square of the residual gravity series was 0.7450 ~ 0.9733\({\times 10}^{-8}\text{m}{\text{s}}^{-2}\). The best tidal loading gravity correction was obtained by combing the global FES2004 model and regional OSU.chinasea.2010 model (root sum square of 0.7450\({\times 10}^{-8}\text{m}{\text{s}}^{-2}\)). Using this combination, the tidal loading gravity amplitude in the China Sea and adjacent areas was calculated; tidal loading gravity was. Very low gravity effects were obtained inland and for island interiors; however, tide loading gravity was relatively larger along the coast, especially the southeast coast and Bohai Bay. Moreover, the amplitude changed drastically possibly owing to offshore topography. Our results provide a reference for selecting ocean tidal models for high-precision analysis of continuous gravity observations in China.
Loss of the Ash2l subunit of histone H3K4 methyltransferase complexes promotes chromatin compaction at promoters
Authors: Barsoum Mirna , Stenzel Alexander T , Bochynska Agnieszka , Kuo Chao-Chung , Sayadi-Boroujeni Roksaneh , Bussmann Philip , Lüscher-Firzlaff Juliane , Costa Ivan G , Lüscher Bernhard 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Changes in gene expression programs are intimately linked to cell fate decisions. Post-translational modifications of core histones contribute to control gene expression. Methylation of lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) correlates with active promoters and gene transcription. This modification is catalyzed by KMT2 methyltransferases, which require interaction with 4 core subunits, WDR5, RBBP5, ASH2L and DPY30, for catalytic activity. Ash2l is necessary for organismal development and for tissue homeostasis. In mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs), Ash2l loss results in gene repression, provoking a senescence phenotype. We now find that upon knockout of Ash2l both H3K4 mono- and tri-methylation (H3K4me1 and me3, respectively) were deregulated. In particular, loss of H3K4me3 at promoters correlated with gene repression, especially at CpG island promoters. Ash2l loss resulted in increased loading of histone H3 and chromatin compaction at promoters, accompanied by an increase of repressing and a decrease of activating histone marks. Moreover, we observed altered binding of CTCF upon Ash2l loss. Lost and gained binding was noticed at promoter-associated and intergenic sites, respectively. Thus, Ash2l loss and reduction of H3K4me3 correlate with chromatin compaction and altered transcription factor binding. These findings contribute to a more detailed understanding of mechanistic consequences of H3K4me3 loss and associated repression of gene repression and thus of the observed cellular consequences.
Determination of the viscosity of the cytoplasm of M-HeLa cells using fluorescent magnetic nanoparticles and an electromagnetic needle
Authors: Ramazanova Iliza , Suslov Maxim , Sibgatullina Guzel , Petrov Konstantin , Fedorenko Svetlana , Mustafina Asiya , Samigullin Dmitry 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have recently begun to be actively used in biomedicine as magnetic biosensors for targeted drug delivery in tissue engineering, and in magnetic resonance imaging. The study of the magnetic field effect on magnetic nanoparticles internalized into cells is of particular importance since it allows a non-invasive influence on cellular activity. There is data stating the possibility to manipulate and control individual MNPs by utilizing the local magnetic field gradient created with the help of electromagnetic needles (EN). The measuring of the movement rate of MNPs inside cells under the action of a known magnetic force allows to evaluate the viscous properties of the cell’s cytoplasm. The present work demonstrates the influence of the local magnetic field gradient created by EN on the luminescent MNPs internalized in HeLa cancer cells. It describes a method for controlling the intensity of this field and estimates the attractive force of EN. Both designs of EN and its main characteristics are also described. The applicability of the developed method in measuring the viscosity of the HeLa cancer cells cytoplasm is highlighted.
Measures to reduce carpenters’ occupational exposure to mineral wool fibers and total dust while working indoors in Norway
Authors: Moazami Therese Nitter , Klefstad Ragnhild , Grønlien Hilde , Jørgensen Rikke Bramming 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to assess the effect of various measures in reducing the concentrations of total dust and mineral wool fibers carpenters are exposed to by one of the largest building contractors in Norway.
Methods
Personal samples, each taken over a 4-h to 9-h period of total dust (42) and mineral wool fiber (19) concentrations were collected from carpenters working indoors with insulation, steel studs, and drywall. Samples were collected for one week under normal cleaning procedures, then again for a week with additional cleaning measures. The results were analyzed using a linear mixed effects model.
Results
The time-weighted average (TWA) for total dust concentration ranged from 0.8 mg/m3 to 9.2 mg/m3, with mean concentrations of total dust for the three exposure groups of 3.2 mg/m3, 2.0 mg/m3, and 5.0 mg/m3 for insulation, steel studs, and drywall, respectively. The TWA for mineral wool fiber concentrations ranged from 0.01 to 0.04 fibers/cm3. The differences in exposure among the groups were insignificant. No differences in the concentrations of total dust and mineral wool fibers were observed between the weeks with and without extra cleaning measures. However, no changes in carpenters’ cleaning habits were observed either. Only a few workers used personal respiratory protection.
Conclusions
Concentrations close to the limit for total dust were measured during drywall work. Dust reduction measures can potentially lower exposure concentrations while benefiting the construction industry financially. However, prior to implementing any dust reduction measures, knowledge of the potential health effects caused by exposure must be increased.
Trial registration:
This study is not a clinical trial and are not registered.
Google Hacking Database Attributes Enrichment and Conversion to Enable the Application of Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Evangelista João Rafael Gonçalves , Sassi Renato José , Romero Márcio 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the initial phase of the pentest, named Open Source Intelligence, we use passive recognition with Google Hacking. Google Hacking is a practice that uses strings called Dorks. To support them, the Google Hacking Database is available with thousands of Dorks. However, the Google Hacking Database contains a reduced number of attributes, all with textual values, which makes it impossible to apply Machine Learning techniques. one way to enrich the Google Hacking Database with attributes is with Natural Language Processing and the transformation of textual values ​​to numeric, converting Dorks characters to ASCII. So, the objective was to apply Natural Language Processing to enrich Google Hacking Database with attributes and convert its textual values ​​to ASCII, to enable the application of Machine Learning techniques. The computational experiments were conducted in seven steps: Selection of the GHDB Base, Removal of Hyperlinks and Deletion of Attributes, Removal of the Site Parameter from Dorks, Removal of Outliers and Stopwords, Enrichment with Natural Language Processing, Base Transformation, and Application of the SOM. The results obtained with the application of the SOM were considered good, depending on the values ​​presented by the metrics that evaluated the network. Thus, it is considered that the objective of this paper was achieved.
Competitive Vertex Recoloring
Authors: Azar Yossi , Machluf Chay , Patt-Shamir Boaz , Touitou Noam 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Motivated by placement of jobs in physical machines, we introduce and analyze the problem of online recoloring, or online disengagement. In this problem, we are given a set of $n$ weighted vertices and a $k$-coloring of the vertices (vertices represent jobs, and colors represent physical machines). Edges, representing conflicts between jobs, are inserted in an online fashion. After every edge insertion, the algorithm must output a proper $k$-coloring of the vertices. The cost of a recoloring is the sum of weights of vertices whose color changed. Our aim is to minimize the competitive ratio of the algorithm, i.e., the ratio between the cost paid by the online algorithm and the cost paid by an optimal, offline algorithm.
We consider a couple of polynomially-solvable coloring variants. Specifically, for 2-coloring bipartite graphs we present an $O(\log n)$-competitive deterministic algorithm and an $\Omega(\log n)$ lower bound on the competitive ratio of randomized algorithms. For $(\Delta+1)$-coloring, where $\Delta$ is the maximal node degree, we present tight bounds of $\Theta(\Delta)$ and $\Theta(\log\Delta)$ on the competitive ratios of deterministic and randomized algorithms, respectively (where $\Delta$ denotes the maximum degree). We also consider the fully dynamic case which allows edge deletions as well as insertions. All our algorithms are applicable to the case where vertices are weighted and the cost of recoloring a vertex is its weight. All our lower bounds hold even in the unweighted case.
Interactions of antimicrobial peptides with the targets of their nephrotoxic action. Molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Lisnyak Yuri V. , Martynov Artur V. , Farber Boris S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectives The study aimed to investigate the structural aspects of polymyxins nephrotoxicity at the atomic level to promote the more purposeful development of the polymyxin’s derivatives with the lower nephrotoxic action. Materials and methods The molecular dynamics simulations of the complexes of polymyxin B and its derivative NAB7061 (that carries only three positive charges located within the macrocycle) with megalin were done in program package YASARA Structure with explicit water (TIP3P) and ions (0.9% NaCl) in NPT ensemble using the AMRER03 force field. After 10 ns equilibration, each system was simulated at 298 K and pH 7.4 for a 25 ns production phase. Simulations were run twice for each molecular system. Results By molecular dynamics simulations, the possibility was shown for polymyxin to form a stable complex with two neighbor structural domains of megalin in accord with the universal mechanism of binding the cationic ligands by ligand-binding CR repeats of the LDLR-family receptors. It was shown that interactions of megalin with polymyxin are stronger than with its derivative having no positively charged groups outside the macrocycle. The structural prerequisites of these differences were revealed that explain the less nephrotoxicity of such derivatives compared to polymyxin. Conclusions Comparative molecular dynamics simulations of megalin interactions with polymyxin B and its derivative NAB7061 that carries no positive charges located outside the macrocycle revealed the possible structural prerequisites for the lower nephrotoxic action of such polymyxin derivatives. The weakening of polymyxins binding with megalin may become an effective preventive measure against polymyxin-induced nephrotoxicity.
Space-Resolved Chemical Information from Infrared Extinction Spectra
Authors: de Silva Kalpa , Akbar Proity Nayeeb , Blumel Reinhold 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Based on the classical Lorentz model of the index of refraction, a new method is presented for the extraction of the complex index of refraction from the extinction efficiency, Qext , of homogeneous and layered dielectric spheres that simultaneously removes scattering effects and corrects measured extinction spectra for baseline shifts, tilts, curvature, and scaling. No reference spectrum is required and fit functions may be used that automatically satisfy the Kramers-Kronig relations. Thus, the method yields pure absorbance spectra for unambiguous interpretation of the chemical information of the sample. In the case of homogeneous spheres, the method also determines the radius of the sphere. In the case of layered spheres, the method determines the substances within each layer. Only a single-element detector is required. Using simulated Qext data of polymethyl-methacrylate and polystyrene homogeneous and layered spheres, we show that our reconstruction algorithm is reliable and accurately extracts pure absorbance spectra from Qext data. Reconstructing the pure absorbance spectrum from a published, experimentally measured raw absorbance spectrum shows that our method simultaneously corrects spectra for scattering effects and, given shape information, corrects raw spectra for systematic errors that result in spectral distortions such as baseline shifts, tilts, curvature, and scaling.
Expression of Janus kinases in labial salivary glands of patients with Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Aota Keiko , Kani Koichi , Naniwa Kohei , Ono Shinji , Momota Yukihiro , Fukui Makoto , Ishimaru Naozumi , Azuma Masayuki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects exocrine glands, such as salivary and lacrimal glands. The Janus kinase (JAK) /signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway are activated in various inflammatory diseases including pSS. This study aimed to investigate the expression of JAK1, JAK2, phosphorylated JAK1, and phosphorylated JAK2 in labial salivary gland (LSG) tissues from patients with pSS to evaluate the potential of JAK inhibitors as therapeutic agents for pSS. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using LSG tissues of patients with pSS (n=10), non-SS (n=5), and healthy controls (n=5). In acinar epithelial cells, JAK1, JAK2, and phosphorylated JAK1 were expressed at significantly lower levels in LSG tissues of patients with pSS than in healthy controls. Significantly higher expression of phosphorylated JAK1 and phosphorylated JAK2 was observed in the ductal epithelial cells of patients with pSS compared to the controls. However, there was no significant association between the expression levels of phosphorylated JAK1 or JAK2 and the degree of inflammation. In addition, immunofluorescence analysis revealed JAK2 phosphorylation in many CD3 + T cells infiltrating the LSG tissues. These results suggested the activation of JAK/STAT signaling in both the ductal epithelial cells and the infiltrating CD3 + T cells in the LSG tissues of patients with pSS. Therefore, JAK inhibitors may be effective therapeutic agents for pSS by regulating both effector T cells and target cells.
Spatial Analysis of Postnatal Care Utilization in Ethiopia.
Authors: Tefera Jiregna , Tereda Akalu , Fufa Jaleta 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: PNC is the care given to the mother and her newborn baby immediately after the birth and for the ﬁrst six weeks of life. This study aimed to analyze the spatial clustering of PNC utilization and identify associated factors in Ethiopia.Methodology: This study has been conducted in Ethiopia based on data obtained from EDHS 2016which mainly focused on the PNC utilization of mothers reproductive age. The risk of PNC use was also model and map using a Bayesian hierarchical spatial model under MCMC approach using R.Results: In Ethiopia, the prevalence of women’s PNC usage was found to be 9.4% with marked spatial heterogeneity. The global Morans I and Gearys C test statistics show signiﬁcant spatial clustering among neighboring regions in the study area. Bayesian hierarchical model with spatial unstructured and structured eﬀects was found to be the appropriate model.Conclusion: The prevalence of PNC utilization in the study area is signiﬁcantly clustered indicating high levels in Tigray region and Addis Ababa city whereas low levels in eastern, southeastern and northern part of Ethiopia. Risk factors such as women with secondary and above educational status, richest wealth index, secondary and above educational status of husband, birth size, media exposure, employment status and at least four number of ANC visits were signiﬁcantly associated with PNC utilization.
Trait anxiety modulates the detection sensitivity of negative affect in speech
Authors: K Achyuthanand , Prasad Saurabh , Chakrabarty Mrinmoy 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAuditory perception of emotions in speech is relevant for humans to optimally navigate the social environment. While sensory perception is known to be influenced by bodily internal states such as anxiety and ambient noise, their relationship to human auditory perception is relatively less understood. In a supervised, internet-based experiment carried out sans the artificially controlled laboratory environment, we asked if the detection sensitivity of emotions conveyed by human speech-in-noise (acoustic signals) is modulated by individual differences in internal affective states, e.g., anxiety. In a task, participants (n = 24) accurately discriminated the target emotion conveyed by the temporally unpredictable acoustic signals (signal to noise ratio = 10dB), which were manipulated at four levels (Happy, Neutral, Fear and Disgust). We calculated the empirical area under the curve (measure of acoustic signal detection sensitivity) based on signal detection theory to quantify our results. Specifically, Disgust and Fear detection sensitivities worsened with increasing severities of trait-anxiety. Further, a similar effect was evident when averaging across all emotions. Altogether, the results suggest that individual trait-anxiety levels moderate the detection of emotions from speech-in-noise, especially those conveying negative/threatening affect. The findings may be relevant for expanding the understanding pertaining to auditory perception anomalies underlying affective states and disorders.
Procedural pain and serious adverse events following Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy: Experience from an academic center in India
Authors: Philip Chepsy C , Mathew Amrith , Singh Inderjit , Singh Suvir , Rachel  , Singh Sohan , John M Joseph 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The bone marrow aspiration and biopsy (BMAB) is an important and frequent investigative procedure for hematological diseases. Although thought to be safe and well tolerated; data is limited on the complications and degree of pain experienced by patients undergoing BMAB. Further scarce is data from India and other regions from the developing world especially given the evidence that cultural factors that could shape pain perception. Adverse events following bone marrow biopsy are rare but poorly documented. Aims: To estimate the level of pain and frequency of serious adverse events experienced by patients undergoing BMAB at our center. We also attempted to identify factors associated with increased pain perception.Methods: Study setting: This study was conducted at a tertiary level teaching hospital, the Christian Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana. Ethics approval was obtained from the Institutional research committee (CMC/1495).Study period: 01 April 2015 through 30 Nov 2019Study Design: This is a comparative cross-sectional study where comparison of those with relatively more pain to those with less was done to elicit the factors associated with pain perception. Results: A total of 942 BMAB procedures were performed in this period ( Table1). The major serious adverse event was hemorrhage, which comprised 2 of the 9 serious adverse events. The following risk-factors were associated with increased pain on Multivariate analysis: those with prior BMAB had very low odds of pain (OR (95 % CI): 0.23 (0.15–0.37)). However, when more than one attempt of biopsy was made the odds of pain was much higher (OR (95 % CI): 1.62 (1.29–2.05)). Conclusions: In our analysis BMAB is safe and associated with a low level of perceived pain. Serious adverse events following BMAB are rare, but can have considerable impact on the individual patient.