bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
pH-responsive Chitosan/alginate as a Suitable Nanocarrier for Efficient Oral Delivery of Catechin in Aluminum Chloride-induced Brain Injury
Authors: Mohammadbaghban Elnaz , Taravati Ali , Khaleghzadeh-Ahangar Hossein , Najafzadeh Hossein , Tohidi Fatemeh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Although, numerous clinical studies have shown the efficacy of catechin as a main bioactive compound in green tea, which has demonstrated a capacity in prevention and treatment of a wide range of diseases, it has poor potential for bioavailability and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. This study is aimed to investigate the effect of chitosan alginate nanocarriers encapsulated catechin in an aluminum chloride-induced dementia paradigm. The catechin-loaded chitosan-alginate nanocarriers were synthesized by ionotropic gelation (IG) technique. Physio-chemical characterization has been done by Zetasizer Nano system, Scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The synthesized nanoparticles showed optimal dimensions in the range of 45–50 nm. The memory impairment model was induced by injecting aluminum chloride (100 mg/kg) for 21 days. Treatment with aluminum chloride increased the AChE activity by inducing memory impairment (p < 0.001). Moreover, free and nanoencapsulated catechin exhibited improvement in memory function in comparison to other groups. This leads to preservation of TAC levels, AChE and CAT enzyme activity similar to those in control animals group. The use of chitosan to encapsulate catechin offers an innovative therapeutic formulation to improve memory function and gain new insights for nanomedicine drug against Alzheimer's disease.
Malnutrition leads to the progression of coronary artery calcification in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Okabe Hiroki , Muraoka Yoshitaka , Naka Yutaro , Setoyama Koshi , Inoue Konosuke , Miura Toshiya , Shimizu Akiyoshi , Anai Reo , Miyamoto Tetsu , Tsuda Yuki , Araki Masaru , Sonoda Shinjo , Kataoka Masaharu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Malnutrition is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in patients on hemodialysis (HD). However, no in vivo studies using optical coherence tomography to evaluate the effect of nutritional status on coronary atherosclerosis in patients on HD exist. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a detailed analysis to address this gap. This study included 64 HD patients who underwent percutaneous coronary interventions. The patients were divided into two groups based on nutritional evaluation using the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI). Culprit and non-culprit lesions were evaluated at baseline and after 6 months. In the culprit lesions at baseline, the thickness and length of the calcified plaque were significantly larger (p < 0.01). In the non-culprit lesions, the 6-month change in the angle of the calcified plaque was significantly greater in the malnutrition group (p = 0.02). The significant factors that affected the change in the angle of calcification were "malnutrition at GNRI" [odds ratio, 8.17; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.79 to 37.33; p < 0.01] and "serum phosphorus level" (odds ratio, 3.73; 95% CI, 1.42 to 9.81; p < 0.01). Appropriate management of nutritional status is crucial for suppressing the progression of coronary artery disease in HD patients.
Sesame oil ameliorates valproic acid-induced hepatotoxicity in mice: Integrated in vivo- in silico study
Authors: Mohamed Doaa Shaaban , Shaban Nema Sayed , Labib Mai Mohamed , Shehata Olfat 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Sesame oil has been exhibited to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant influences. The goal of this experiment was to look into sesame oil's hepato-protective properties and underlying processes in valproic acid-induced hepatotoxicity. Molecular docking was carried out to clarify the functional and structural underlying mechanism of sesame oil ameliorative effect. Mice were given 8 ml/kg/day of sesame oil (orally) and 100 mg/kg/day of valproic acid (i.p.) for 21 days. The results revealed that valproic acid caused a considerable increase in hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) levels while decreasing the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme. There was also a significant rise in serum levels of interleukines 1β & 6 (IL-1β & IL-6) and a significant decrease in hepatic (PXR) gene expression level. Sesame oil co-administration with valproic acid significantly normalized the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory status and upregulated the gene expression level of PXR. In silico docking analysis results confirmed these results. This study concluded that supplementation of sesame oil attenuated valproic acid induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Hence, it was recommended as a dietary supplement for protection against valproic acid induced hepatotoxicity.
Evaluation and countermeasures of the contracted services of Chinese family doctors from the perspective of demanders -- a case study of a city
Authors: Yu Qianqian , Liu Songyi , Meng Wenqi , Peng Haibo , Jiang Xiaoli , Li Zixin , Yin Wenqiang , Chen Zhongming , Ma Dongping , Sun Kui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: From the perspective of the demander, the purpose of the study is to find out the weak link of the family doctor contracted service in a city, that is, to optimize the effect of the family doctor contracted service in China.Methods: In this study, a city in Shandong Province, China was selected as the sample city. In January 2020, 1098 contracted residents (including 40.5% men and 59.5% women) from 18 primary medical institutions (including township health centers and community health centers) were selected for on-site investigation. The PCAT-AS scale revised in Chinese was used as the research tool to understand the treatment experience of contracted residents in primary medical institutions.Results: Among the four core dimensions of PCAT-AS, the score of Continuous was the highest (3.44 ± 0.58); The score of Coordinated was the lowest (3.08 ± 0.66); Among the three derived dimensions, the score of Family-centeredness was the highest (3.33 ± 0.65); The score of Culturally-competent was the lowest (2.93 ± 0.77). The PCAT scores of contracted residents with different demographic characteristics such as contracted institution, age, education level, marital status and occupation were statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusions: The family doctor contracted service in the city has achieved certain results. At the same time, there are still some problems, such as difficult access to outpatient services during nonworking hours and incomplete service items. It is suggested that primary medical institutions further improve their service capacity in the dimensions of Coordinated and Comprehensiveness, in order to provide better services for contracted residents.
MiR-29c Inhibits TNF-α-induced ROS production and apoptosis in Mouse Hippocampal HT22 Cell Line
Authors: Li Bo , Lu Ying , Xu Tao , Lei Xiaolu , Jin Huan , Gao Xiaohong , Xie Ye , Liu Xiaohong , Zeng Junwei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Recent reports have suggested that abnormal miR-29c expression in hippocampus have been implicated in the pathophysiology of some nervous system disease. However, many aspects underlying mechanism of miR-29c in regulating cellular functions in hippocampal neurons are not clear. In this study, HT22 cells were infected with lentivirus containing miR-29c or miR-29c sponge. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay kit were applied to evaluate cell viability and toxicity before and after TNF-α application. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration were evaluated using dihydroethidium (DHE) staining and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was determined using Tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM) staining. Cellular apoptosis was observed via TUNEL staining assay and Hoechst 33258 staining and measured by the expression of cleaved caspase-3, -8 and − 9. The expression of miR-29c and TNFR1, Bcl-2, Bax, TRADD and FADD was analyzed by PCR or WB. As a result, we found that miR-29c overexpression significantly attenuated decreases in cell viability, release of LDH and apoptosis in TNF-α-treated HT22 cells. Furthermore, the high expression of miR-29c can significantly prevented TNF-α-induced oxidative injuries via the decrease of intracellular ROS levels and the increase of MMP. TNF-α-induced increase in Bax and cleaved-caspase-9 and the decrease of Bcl-2 was attenuated after transfection of HT22 cells with miR-29c. Moreover, over-expression of miR-29c significantly inhibits the increased expression of TNFR1, TRADD, FADD, cleaved caspase-8 and − 3. However, in HT22 cells transfected with miR-29c sponge, TNF-α-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress, as well as elevated expression of TNFR1, TRADD and FADD were exacerbated. Our findings indicated that miR-29c overexpression attenuates TNF-α-induced HT22 cells injury through inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. In addition, TNF-α-induced TNFR1 activation, FADD association and caspase 8 recruitment may be impaired by miR-29c. Therefore, miR-29c might be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of TNF-α-induced neurotoxicity.
Effect of different lipid-lowering therapies on fibrous cap thickness in CAD patients: a meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Bing-Yu , Nan Nan , Zuo Hui-Juan , Song Xian-Tao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background and aims: Previous meta-analysis just assessed the effect of statin monotherapy rather than combination therapy on fibrous cap thickness (FCT). The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of different lipid-lowering therapies on FCT of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT).Methods: Data sources were selected from PubMed and Embase, including clinical trials assessing the relationship between lipid-lowering therapies and FCT on OCT, from inception to March 1st, 2022. The main subgroup analysis is based on different lipid-lowering therapies. Weighted mean difference (WMD) was evaluated by random effects model. Results: Seventeen OCT studies were included. A total of 1027 patients were enrolled in this meta-analysis. The overall random effect mean FCT change from baseline to follow-up was 53.81μm (95% CI: 44.07-63.55, I²=85%, p<0.00001). The random effect FCT mean change of between low & moderate statin therapy and high intensity statin therapy was 57.03μm vs. 91.50μm, in statin combination therapy and statin monotherapy was 46.89μm vs. 27.18μm. The p value of meta regression of diabetic mellitus (DM) was 0.004, and adjust R2 was 28.18%, which meant DM could explained 28.18% of heterogeneity in this meta-analysis. No evidence proved publication bias of the published studies. Conclusions: Lipid-lowering therapy can effectively increase FCT. High intensity statin therapy and statin combination lipid-lowering therapy can further improve FCT, stabilize plaques, and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events.Trial registration: This meta-analysis has registered in PROSPERO, registration number: CRD42020181252.
Protective effect of based on chitosan coating with grape peel extract on cattle rumen induced by freeze-thaw cycles
Authors: Cao Yinjuan , Song Zhaoyang , Han Ling , Yu Qunli 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of chitosan (CH) containing grape peel extract (GPE) coating on cattle rumen induced by freeze-thaw cycles. It can be concluded that pH, water holding capacity, L*, a*, and cutting force of the sample without CH were significantly decreased, Total aerobic count (TCA), total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N), b* and oxidation reactions were increased with the increasing in F-T cycles (p < 0.05). The pH, thawing loss, pressing loss, cooking loss, b*, cutting force, TCA and TVB-N of CH-GPE coating samples were decreased by 5.2%, 10.9%, 13.0%, 11.4%, 8.2%, and 18.9%, and L*, a* and sensory evaluation were increased by 151.2%, 3.9% and 17.0% than the sample without CH coating after five F-T cycles. In addition, CH coating could effectively restrain the destruction of the microstructure of cattle rumen during F-T cycles. More importantly, the inhibitory effect of CH-GPE coating on oxidation was verified from the decrease in carbonyl contents (16.5%), sulfhydryl contents (8.7%), TBARS (17.5%) and POV value (27.8%) of cattle rumen compared with CH coating after five F-T cycles. Therefore, these results illustrated the potential benefits of CH-GPE coating in meat products.
Multi-Model Learning to Detect Twitter Hate Speech
Authors: Patil Dharmaraj R. , Pattewar Tareek M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Users on the social networking platform have the freedom to express themselves freely. Towards the same time, this has created a forum for disagreement and hate directed at someone, society, racism, sexual orientation, and so on. Identifying hate online is a challenging task. Researchers from all around the world have contributed major methods for detecting hate speech, but owing to the issue's complexity, there are still many unresolved issues. In this research, we offer a multi-model learning strategy for detecting hate speech on Twitter. We utilised the Kaggle TwitterHate dataset, which had 31962 tweets categorised as binary hate or non-hate, to evaluate our technique. The suggested method is tested using commonly used machine learning classifiers with multi-model technique. Using TF-IDF features, we acquired detection results of 96.29%, precision of 96%, recall of 96%, and f1-score of 96%.
Prone split-leg versus Galdakao-modified supine Valdivia position during endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery for urolithiasis: a Bayesian network analysis
Authors: Zheng Zexian , Xu Jiandong , Li Zhifeng , Mao Leiyafang , Zhong Wen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
To perform a Bayesian network meta-analysis evaluating the safety and efficacy of endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS) in the Galdakao-modified supine Valdivia (GMSV) position versus prone split-leg (PSL) position. A systematic literature search of PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases was executed to identify relevant studies. The clinical trials comparing ECIRS in GMSV position, ECIRS in PSL position and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in prone position for the management of renal calculi were included. The concerned outcomes were stone free rate (SFR), operation duration and complications. All endpoint variables were recorded as risk ratios (ORs) or weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). The present study was registered in International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO), number CRD42021292678. Two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 4 cohort studies or retrospective case-control studies (non-RCTs) were included in the Bayesian network meta-analysis. Of the 6 studies, 4 studies compared GMSV-ECIRS versus prone PCNL, 1 study compared GMSV-ECIRS versus PSL-ECIRS, and 1 study compared PSL-ECIRS versus prone PCNL. Bayesian network meta-analysis showed that GMSV-ECIRS had the similar SFR (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.33 to 2.27), complication rate (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.24 to 3.03) and operation time (WMD 23.62, 95% CI -70.15 to 112.51) when compared to PSL-ECIRS. However, in the rank-probability test, PSL-ECIRS had the highest SFR and the shortest operation duration, but GMSV-ECIRS had the lowest complication rate. Both GMSV-ECIRS and PSL-ECIRS were well established modalities for the management of kidney stones. PSL-ECIRS might have higher SFR, shorter operation time, while a little bit more complication than GMSV-ECIRS. Multiple-center RCTs with large sample size were required to certify the finding.
Association of Psychological Factors with Limb Disability in Patients with Cervical Radiculopathy: Comparison with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Moradi Ali , B.O. Mahla Daliri , Khorasani Hamidreza Mazloum , Olia Neda Daliri Beirak , Azhari Amin , Shakeri Mohammadtaghi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Regarding musculoskeletal conditions, patient’s psychological distress, are shown to be associated with higher disability. This study aims to investigate the association of validated scores for depression, anxiety, and pain catastrophizing, with measures of upper limb patient-reported and performance-based disability, in patients with cervical radiculopathy (CR), and compare the obtained results with our similar study on carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we recruited 92 patients with CR, and investigated their disability level using patient-reported questionnaires (Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) and pain Likert Scale) and by measuring grip and pinch strength. We also assessed their psychological status with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaire for depression (HADS-D) and anxiety (HADS-A) and also Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) tools. We performed correlational coefficient analysis between disability and psychological scores and regression analysis of dependent variables (Pain, DASH, grip and pinch scores) and independent (psychological) variables. Finally, Z observed value was calculated to compare correlational coefficients between two diseases of CTS and CR.Results: The results of the correlational coefficient analysis indicate that all three HADS-A, HADS-D and PCS scores correlated with DASH score (r = 0.49, 0.37, 0.38 for HADS-A, HADS-D and PCS, respectively; p < 0.001 for all three). HADS-A also significantly correlated with VAS pain score (r = 0.41, P <0.001) and grip strength (r = -0.25, P = 0.016). Linear regression analysis revealed that anxiety has a notable predicting value for DASH and VAS pain scores as well as grip strength. Fisher’s r correlation coefficient to z transformation, revealed that there was no difference between two diseases of CTS and CR in terms of the resulted r coefficients from correlational coefficient analysis between disability and psychological distress.Conclusion: It is concluded that psychological disorders are associated with disability in CR patients, with anxiety also correlating with objective disability parameter of grip strength. Finally, both CTS and CR patients’ disabilities relate to psychological conditions in a similar manner. Level of Evidence: Level IV (cross-sectional study)
Recurrence risk stratification using radiologic-EBV DNA to identify enlarged retropharyngeal lymph nodes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a model-histopathologic correlation study
Authors: Mao Minjie , Sheng Hui , Seeruttun Sharvesh Raj , Chi Peidong , Huang Kewei , Liu Wen , Tan Wencheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Accurate assessment of the nature of enlarged retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RLN) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients after radiotherapy is essential for planning the treatment. This study aimed to develop a non-invasive and effective model for predicting the recurrence of RLN (RRLN) in NPC.
Methods
The data of post-radiotherapy NPC patients (N = 76) with abnormal enlargement of RLN who underwent endonasopharyngeal ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspirations (EPUS-FNA) were examined. They were randomly divided into a discovery (n = 53) and validation (n = 23) cohort. Univariate logistic regression was used to assess the association between variables (magnetic resonance imaging characteristics, EBV DNA) and RRLN. Multiple logistic regression was used to construct a prediction model. The accuracy of the model was assessed by discrimination and calibration, and decision curves were used to assess the clinical reliability of the model to assist decision-making.
Results
Abnormal enhancement, minimum axis diameter (MAD) and EBV-DNA were identified as independent risk factors for RRLN and could stratify NPC patients into three risk groups. The probability of RRLN in the low-, medium- and high-risk groups were 37.5%, 82.4%, and 100%, respectively. The AUC of the final predictive model was 0.882 (95% CI:0.782–0.982) in the discovery cohort and 0.926 (95% CI,0.827–1.000) in the validation cohort, demonstrating good clinical accuracy for predicting the RRLN of NPC patients. The favorable performance of the model was confirmed by the calibration plot and decision curve analysis.
Conclusions
The proposed radiologic and EBV DNA model to predict the RRLN of NPC patients after radiotherapy could be a valuable tool for clinical decision-making.
Prediction of the potential distribution of the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) in China under current and future climate scenarios
Authors: Chen Lin , Jiang Chunxian , Zhang Xueyan , Song Cancan , Wang Rulin , Wang Xian , Li Qing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Neoseiulus californicus is a predatory mite with a wide global distribution that can effectively control a variety of pest mites. In this study, MaxEnt was used to analyse the potential distribution of N. californicus in China and the BCC-CSM2-MR model was used to predict changes in the suitable areas for the mite from 2021-2100 under three climate change scenarios: SSP126, SSP245 and SSP585. The results showed that (1) the average AUC value of the model was over 0.95, which demonstrated an excellent model accuracy. (2) Annual mean temperature (Bio1), precipitation of the coldest quarter (Bio19), and precipitation of the driest quarter (Bio17) were the main climatic factors that affected and controlled the potential distribution of N. californicus, with suitable ranges of 6.97-23.27 °C, 71.36-3924.8 mm, and 41.94-585.08 mm, respectively. (3) The suitable areas for N. californicus were mainly distributed in the southern half of China, with a total suitable area of 226.22× 104 km2 in current. Under the future climate change scenario, compared with the current scenario, lowly and moderately suitable areas of N. californicus increased, while highly suitable areas decreased. Therefore, it may be necessary to cultivate high-temperature resistant strains of N. californicus to adapt to future environmental changes.
Self-cleaning, hydrophilic ZnO and REM oxides doped-ZnO coatings manufactured via sol-gel spin-coating method
Authors: Tański Tomasz , Zaborowska Marta , Jarka Paweł , Woźniak Anna 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Hydrophilic photocatalytically active ZnO and ZnO thin films doped with Yb2O3 and Eu2O3 with optical transmittance exceeding 76% in the visible light range (λ = 550 nm) were prepared by a combination of sol-gel technique, spin-coating and high temperature thermal treatment at 500 and 600℃. The thin films were tested using advanced research methods, i.e.: morphology and topography and fractures along with approximate thickness values were investigated on scanning electron microscope (SEM), chemical composition was determined using X-ray Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (X-ray Energy Spectroscopy), topography and roughness were measured on atomic force microscope (AFM), water contact angle values were determined by sitting water droplet method, optical properties of the fabricated materials were investigated using UV/Vis spectrophotometer. The decolorization efficiency of rhodamine B in aqueous solution was analyzed over a period of 190 min, obtaining degradation rates of: 54.7% and 43.1%, for ZnO and ZnO coatings doped with ytterbium oxide and europium oxide, respectively. The roughness of thin hybrid coatings did not exceed 50 nm, ensuring effective absorption of electromagnetic radiation by the layers. The methodology presented by the authors for the fabrication of thin hybrid films characterized by the key properties of self-cleaning coatings can be successfully applied to coatings of photovoltaic panels and architectural glass structures.