bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Singular Soliton, Shock-wave, Breather-stripe Soliton, Hybrid Solutions and Numerical Simulations for a (2+1)-Dimensional Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon-Kotera-Sawada System in Fluid Mechanics
Authors: Liu Shaohua , Tian Bo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a (2+1)-dimensional Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon-Kotera-Sawada system is investigated in fluid mechanics via the symbolic computation. With the help of the Hirota method, we derive the singular soliton, shock-wave, breather-stripe soliton and hybrid solutions. Based on the finite difference method, we get the numerical one-soliton solutions. We graphically show the singular and shock-wave solutions, and observe that the singular one-soliton solutions are blow-up and unstable, but the shock-wave solutions are nonsingular and stable. We observe that the breather-stripe soliton moves along the negative direction of the y axis, where y is a variable, and the amplitude and shape of the breather-stripe soliton remain invariant during the propagation. We graphically demonstrate the interaction among a rogue wave, a periodic wave and a pair of stripe solitons: a rogue wave arises from one stripe soliton; the rogue wave interacts with the periodic wave, the rogue wave splits into two waves and then the two waves merge into a wave; the rogue wave fuses with the other stripe soliton. We graphically present that the numerical solutions are well approximate to the analytic solutions.
Shoreline Dynamics of Reserved Region of Meghna Estuary and It Impacts on Lulc and Socio-Economic: A Case Study on Nijhum Dwip
Authors: Chowdhury Piash , Sikder Md. Bahuddin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The southern side of Bangladesh is more unstable due to carrying massive discharge and transportation of heavy sediment through Meghna estuary. Shoreline representation is extremely important to regulate the dynamic nature of coastal areas. This paper focused on measuring the change of shoreline, evaluating the LULC (land use & land cover) due to the shoreline dynamics by using a multi-date (1978-2018) satellite image and changes of the social-economic condition due to the shoreline dynamics by a direct interview-based questionnaire survey of Nijhum Dwip, Hatiya, Noakhali, Bangladesh. Shoreline changes have been estimated as net shoreline movement (NSM), endpoint rate (EPR), and prediction based on the EPR rate. A total of 104% were increased with the rate of -17 m to 86 m per year shoreline change. Most of the accretion occurred in the Northern and Western sides; erosion only occurred on the Southern side. It can be estimated that the shoreline will increase by 2.2 km, with an area of 644.32 hectares in 2028. LULC mainly changed due to accretion activities in the study area. Barren land, mudflats, homestead vegetation, grassland were increased by 0.63%, 0.65%, 14%, 6% drastically of its total area, respectively. Cropland, green vegetation, and mangrove vegetation were decreased by 12%, 9%, and 0.11%, respectively, drastically of its total area. It can be appraised that the vegetated area will increase 5103.39 hectares in 2028. Thus it was also determined that shoreline change has a positive impact on migration, economic activities, and tourism. As newly accreted land which was cheap or could stay through "Bndobostho" and people were joining various working fields which had been created in new accreted land and farmer were increased. This paper intends to contribute several suggestions to the socio-economic development of native people and future strategic management of the reserved coastal area.
A Systematic Review to Identify Implementation Targets of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Cardiovascular Risk to Enhance Engagement with Racial/Ethnic Minorities
Authors: Sanchez Tonya Faye , Santamaria E. Karina , Rubenstein Dana , Brewer Judson , Operario Don 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a persistent public health challenge and racial/ethnic minority populations experience disparities in CVD risk factors. Mindfulness-based Interventions (MBI) have been examined as a strategy to address CVD risk factors, though their potential for implementation with racial and ethnic minorities remains unclear. This review examines primary interventions studies testing the impact of MBI on CVD risk, with a focus on critical appraisal of implementation characteristics (i.e., intervention design, delivery, uptake, and contextual factors) relevant to the engagement of racial/ethnic minority populations. A systematic review identified 30 studies published through January 2022 for inclusion. Included studies were randomized controlled trials testing meditation or mindfulness-based interventions against any control to measure change or improvement in cardiovascular health measures or risk behaviors in adults living in the United States or territories. The Oxford Implementation Index was utilized to identify and extract relevant implementation data, and critical analysis of each study’s implementation process was conducted. All identified studies were published between 2011 and 2021 and represent early or pilot stages of research. As such, limitations and barriers in implementation strategies for racial/ethnic minority populations were identified. This review outlines several potential targets for future research to enhance engagement with racial/ethnic minorities.
­­SARS-CoV-2 membrane protein: from genomic data to structural new insights
Authors: Marques-Pereira Catarina , Pires Manuel , Gouveia Raquel , Pereira Nadia , Caniceiro Ana , Rosário-Ferreira Nicia , Moreira Irina 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is composed by four structural proteins and several accessory non-structural proteins. SARS-CoV-2's most abundant structural protein, Membrane (M) protein, has a pivotal role both during viral infection cycle and host interferon antagonism. This is a highly conserved viral protein, thus an interesting and suitable target for drug discovery. In this paper, we explain the structural and dynamic nature of M protein homodimer. To do so, we developed and applied a detailed and robust in silico workflow to predict M protein dimeric structure, membrane orientation, and interface characterization. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in M protein were retrieved from over 1.2 M SARS-CoV-2 genomes and proteins from the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) database, 91 of which were located at the predicted dimer interface. Among those, we identified SNPs in Variants of Concern (VOC) and Variants of Interest (VOI). Binding free energy differences were evaluated for dimer interfacial SNPs to infer mutant protein stabilities. A few high-prevalent mutated residues were found to be especially relevant in VOC and VOI. This realization may be a game changer to structure driven formulation of new therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2.
Climate change drives earlier wildfire season onset in California
Authors: Madakumbura Gavin D. , Moritz Max A. , McKinnon Karen , Rahimi Stefan , Norris Jesse , FU RONG , Hall Alex 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Wildfires in California have become more frequent in recent decades, with increasingly devastating impacts. The fire season is also lengthening, with an earlier onset. This trend has been hypothesized to be driven by climate change, but it has yet to be quantitatively attributed to climate drivers. Using a comprehensive fire occurrence dataset, we analyze fire season onset and climate controls on its variability and change during 1992-2018 in California’s forested ecoregions. Onset shows an advancing trend, by 14 days in Northern California and 17 days in Southern California. In Southern California, this trend is dominated by decreasing winter precipitation, possibly natural in origin. By contrast, in Northern California, the largest contributor to the advancing onset is a springtime temperature increase, driven to a large degree by climate change. No matter what the dominant contributor to the trend is, the influence of climate-change-driven warming on onset has already emerged from the influence of natural temperature variability in both regions. Given inevitable future warming trends, this influence will continue to accelerate fire season onset and exacerbate wildfire risks in California in coming years.
Simple synthesis of novel Lanthanum doped Copper oxide nanoparticles for wastewater treatment: A comparison between Experiment and COMSOL simulation
Authors: Masood Arslan , Iqbal Tahir , Afsheen Sumera , Riaz Khalid , Nabi Ghulam , Khan Muhammad Isa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Photocatalysis is a promsing technique for remediation and decontamination of waste water. This research work focuses on the synthesis of pure and lanthanum (La)- (1, 2 and 3 wt%) doped copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) via a simple, cost effective and efficient sol-gel process. Differnet characterization techniques such as UV-vis, PL, SEM, XRD, EDS and FTIR are used to investigate optical, compositonal, structural and morphological properties of the synthesized material. Quite interestingly, doping of rare earth element La has reduced the particle size (52.02 ± 0.04 nm to 42.39 ± 0.02 nm) of CuO-NPs. Additionaly, with doping, the band gap and electron hole recombiantion rate is also reduced. Band gap has shifted towards visible region (3.13 ev to 2.85 ev) which makes it an excellent mateiral for photocataysis. Methylene blue (MB) dye is used as model contamination. Photocatalytic degradation efficieny of 79% is obtained in 150 min by La0.02Cu0.98O against MB under natural light irrradiation. Band gap is increased upon futher doping which attributes to the reduced catalytic efficiency to 73% for La0.03Cu0.97O. Theoratical photocatalytic activity of CuO-NPs against MB dye with particle size of 50nm is carried out using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.3a Licenced version in order to corelate the experimental and theoratical results.
Insights into highly effective catalytic persulfate activation on oxygen-functionalized mesoporous carbon for Ciprofloxacin degradation
Authors: xiong ying , Dai Xiaolei , Liu Yuanyuan , Du Chunyan , Yu Guanlong , Xia Yan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Nanocarbons have been demonstrated as promising carbon catalysts for substituting metal-based catalysts for the green treatment of wastewater. In this study, oxygen-functionalized mesoporous carbon (OCMK-3) was prepared by wet oxidation and exhibited high catalytic performance against ciprofloxacin (CIP) by activation of persulfate. The effects of environmental parameters (pH, temperature, coexisting ions) and process parameters (temperature, sodium persulfate concentration, catalyst agent dosage, initial concentration) on the removal of CIP were investigated. Compared with the pristine ordered mesoporous carbon (CMK-3), the removal efficiency of CIP by OCMK-3 was increased by 32% under optimal conditions. This rise in activity was attributed to the increase in oxygen-containing functional groups, porosity and specific surface area of OCMK-3 with improved structural defects and electron transfer efficiency. Furthermore, based on active species scavenging experiments, a dual-pathway mechanism of the radical and nonradical pathways was discovered. The rational degradation pathway of CIP was investigated based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). In addition, the OCMK-3/PS system exhibited high decomposition efficiency in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. This study provides an in-depth mechanism for the degradation of organic pollutants by carbon-based PS-AOPs and provides theoretical support for further studies.
Outpatient diagnosis of endogenous intoxication in surgery
Authors: Solomakha A. A. , Vlasov A. P. , Gorbachenko V. I. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of patients with purulent surgical diseases with severe endogenous intoxication and renal dysfunction. The problem of early diagnosis of purulent diseases is still not completely solved. The health systems of developed industrial Western countries do not always manage to provide all citizens with adequate high-quality medical care. This is due to the current health crisis. The problems of diagnosis, treatment, prevention and prediction of purulent diseases in surgery can be solved thanks to advanced digital technologies.Aim of the study. To develop a diagnostic method for early detection of endogenous intoxication in outpatient surgery.Materials and methods. We created three groups of observations for the design of a neural network system for the diagnosis of endogenous intoxication syndrome and chronic kidney disease. In the first group, the hematological parameters of 150 healthy people were studied. In the second group, the hematological parameters of 40 patients with chronic kidney disease without chronic kidney failure were studied. The third group included 84 patients with chronic kidney disease and end-stage chronic kidney failure. The following 25 laboratory parameters were studied: hemoglobin, red blood cells, color index, white blood cells, rod-shaped neutrophil white blood cells, segmental neutrophil white blood cells, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, ESR, total protein, albumins, urea, creatinine, bilirubin, beta-lipoproteins, cholesterol, glucose, seromucoid, sialic acid, potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium. Statistical, neural network and algorithms with elements of fuzzy neural networks were used on a sample consisting of hematological parameters of 274 patients with chronic kidney disease and healthy ones based on 25 laboratory parameters. Mathematical modeling was carried out at the Department of “Computer Technologies” of the Penza State University.Results. The effectiveness of neural network diagnostics of endogenous intoxication syndrome in patients with chronic kidney disease without chronic kidney failure reached 88.2%, and in patients with chronic kidney disease and chronic kidney failure – 97.6%.Conclusion. The neural network method of diagnosis can help improve the early diagnosis of endogenous intoxication syndrome in outpatient surgery.
The impact of regional and catchment characteristics on long-term runoff in small agricultural catchments in Latvia
Authors: Veinbergs A. , Lagzdins A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The explanation of runoff behavior is challenging due to variable weather conditions, and catchment characteristics. The parameter equifinality in catchment-scale models turns into the uncertain distribution of water balance components even though models tend to represent total runoff well. This study aims to discuss long-term runoff and evapotranspiration (ET) variations affected by regional allocation and catchment characteristics in Latvia. The study applies the observational runoff data from drainage fields and small catchment scales. The sites represent the spatially different regions in Latvia with relatively variable yearly precipitation amounts. The robust data of surface slope gradients, the share of subsurface drainage systems, arable and grasslands, and ditch networks describes the differences in the catchment characteristics. The results reveal that higher long-term yearly average runoff and ET rates are experienced by the regions with higher yearly precipitation amounts. Simultaneously, the higher the long-term yearly average precipitation and steeper the surface slope gradient, the proportionally (%) higher is the runoff contribution into the water balance. When compared with the small catchments, the soil profiles at drainage fields might store more water after the subsurface drainage runoff is running short. Consequently, the small catchments might experience the later response of subsurface drainage runoff after the dry seasons.
Inflammatory Cells in Nephrectomy Tissue from Patients without and with a History of Urinary Stone Disease
Authors: Dejban Pegah , Wilson Elena M. , Jayachandran Muthuvel , Herrera Hernandez Loren P. , Haskic Zejfa , Wellik Linda E. , Sinha Sutapa , Rule Andrew D. , Denic Aleksandar , Koo Kevin , Potretzke Aaron M. , Lieske John C. 
Published: January 2022

Background and objectives
Urinary stone disease has been associated with inflammation, but the specific cell interactions that mediate events remain poorly defined. This study compared calcification and inflammatory cell patterns in kidney tissue from radical nephrectomy specimens of patients without and with a history of urinary stone disease.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Nontumor parenchyma of biobanked radical nephrectomy specimens from age- and sex-matched stone formers (n=44) and nonstone formers (n=82) were compared. Calcification was detected by Yasue staining and inflammatory cell populations by immunohistochemistry for CD68 (proinflammatory M1 macrophages), CD163 and CD206 (anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages), CD3 (T lymphocytes), and tryptase (mast cells). Calcifications and inflammatory cells were quantified in cortex and medulla using Image-Pro analysis software.

Results
Calcification in the medulla of stone formers was higher than in nonstone formers (P<0.001). M1 macrophages in the cortex and medulla of stone formers were greater than in nonstone formers (P<0.001), and greater in stone former medulla than stone former cortex (P=0.02). There were no differences in age, sex, body mass index, tumor characteristics (size, stage, or thrombus), vascular disease status, or eGFR between the groups. M2 macrophages, T lymphocytes, and mast cells did not differ by stone former status. There was a correlation between M1 macrophages and calcification in the medulla of stone formers (rho=0.48; P=0.001) and between M2 macrophages and calcification in the medulla of nonstone formers (rho=0.35; P=0.001). T lymphocytes were correlated with calcification in the cortex of both nonstone formers (rho=0.27; P=0.01) and stone formers (rho=0.42; P=0.004), whereas mast cells and calcification were correlated only in the cortex of stone formers (rho=0.35; P=0.02).

Conclusions
Higher medullary calcification stimulated accumulation of proinflammatory rather than anti-inflammatory macrophages in stone formers.
Boosting welfare sustainability by solidarity: Opportunities resulting from circular social economy in Portugal
Authors: Luz Helena 
Published: January 2022

Aims: To analyze welfare and sustainability concepts framed by United Nations 2030 Agenda highlighting its commitment towards poverty and hunger; to discuss the concept of circular economy exploring the dimensions of sustainability to which it is associated; to analyze the relationship between the circular economy and the social economy, and to distinguish practices based on the assumptions of the circular economy with an inclusive impact at the level of confronting situations of vulnerability/poverty in Portugal.
Method: This is a theoretical reflection based on a review of current literature, documentary analysis and searching on websites, on the opportunities of the social economy embedded in solidarity sector to foster welfare (social) sustainability by pursuing circular economy principles.
Findings: The issues of poverty and hunger are central to understand the welfare concept and occupy a pole position in the agenda of human sustainability. The circular economy approach has been distinguished mainly as an alternative philosophy of growth (focusing on business) and (environmental) sustainability. Social economy anchored in solidarity organizations reveals the (neglected) social dimension of circular economy due to circular economy principles that they adopt connected to their mission.
Conclusions: The opportunities of circular economy to address welfare sustainability, especially for responding to multiple social needs (e.g., basic needs) coming from the circular social economy stakeholders must be reinforced in discourses and political agendas. Also, that opens space to reconfigure the concept of circular economy widening its scope and focus on a complete approach committed to sustainability, being this a direction, that research can deepen.
Applying Science Process Skills in Understanding Chemical Equilibrium Through Experiment
Authors: Purba Friska , Sitinjak Debora Suryani , Sinaga Kelly 
Published: January 2022

Students from Teachers College coming from various regions causes variations in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor level. Some of them have a difficulty that leads to misconception in understanding the content in chemistry, particularly on chemical equilibrium. One of the ways to comprehend that content is by conducting experiments. This study aims to apply science process skills in understanding chemical equilibrium through the experiment method. This research also helps students in their experiments in which their ability is shaped to reach the level of application. Through experiment method, science process skill will develop and give a good response in giving action both in cognitive comprehension and ineffective as well as psychomotor level. The research method used is pre-experimental with a One-Group Pre-Post test Design. The result showed N-gain was 0.7, which classified high categories and science process skills showed good categories. The final result of this research was that students would be able to understand chemical equilibrium better by applying science process skills with an experiment.
Type 2 Diabetes, Glycemic Control, and Their Association With Dementia and Its Major Subtypes: Findings From the Swedish National Diabetes Register
Authors: Celis-Morales Carlos A. , Franzén Stefan , Eeg-Olofsson Katarina , Nauclér Emma , Svensson Ann-Marie , Gudbjornsdottir Soffia , Eliasson Bjorn , Sattar Naveed 
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE
Type 2 diabetes has been associated with high dementia risk. However, the links to different dementia subtypes is unclear. We examined to what extent type 2 diabetes is associated with dementia subtypes and whether such associations differed by glycemic control.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We used data from the Swedish National Diabetes Register and included 378,299 patients with type 2 diabetes and 1,886,022 control subjects matched for age, sex, and county randomly selected from the Swedish Total Population Register. The outcomes were incidence of Alzheimer disease, vascular dementia, and nonvascular dementia. The association of type 2 diabetes with dementia was stratified by baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes only. Cox regression was used to study the excess risk of outcomes.

RESULTS
Over the follow-up (median 6.8 years), dementia developed in 11,508 (3.0%) patients with type 2 diabetes and 52,244 (2.7%) control subjects. The strongest association was observed for vascular dementia, with patients with type 2 diabetes compared with control subjects having a hazard ratio [HR] of 1.34 (95% CI 1.28, 1.41). The association of type 2 diabetes with nonvascular dementia was more modest (HR 1.10 [95% CI 1.07, 1.13]). However, risk for Alzheimer disease was lower in patients with type 2 diabetes than in control subjects (HR 0.94 [95% CI 0.90, 0.99]). When the analyses were stratified by circulating concentrations of HbA1c, a dose-response association was observed.

CONCLUSIONS
The association of type 2 diabetes with dementia differs by subtypes of dementia. The strongest detrimental association is observed for vascular dementia. Moreover, patients with type 2 diabetes with poor glycemic control have an increased risk of developing vascular and nonvascular dementia.