bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the EAC tourism and hospitality industry
Authors: Chenyambuga Dora Nestory , Mneney Christina Ernest 
Published: August 2022

Worldwide, the COVID-19 epidemic has impacted all economies. The study examines the impact of the pandemic on the tourism and hospitality industry in East African Community member nations. This study is a systematic review of Covid19’s influence on the tourist and hospitality industries. The analysis is based on 54 publications collected from the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The current study was motivated by an extensive review of literature. According to these studies, the spread of COVID-19 disease to workers in the tourism industry has put the sector in jeopardy; travel restrictions and tourism guidance have made tourism and hospitality industry suffer from severe reduction of revenues. All these studies however do not clarify how, the pandemic has impacted tourism and hospitality industry in terms of national park visitors, hotel occupancy, and unemployment in particular. Therefore, the current study assesses the impact of COVID-19’s on tourism and hospitality in the EAC Partner States by using such indicators as the number of international tourists, receipts and tourism jobs generated, visitors to the parks and the rates of hotel occupancy. The study’s findings show that the EAC Partner States lost USD 4.8 billion in foreign tourist earnings and two million jobs in the tourism sector due to COVID-19. The numbers of visitors to the National parks decreased by 65 percent, hotels in the region had an average occupancy rate of less than 30 per cent, which had a substantial impact on their operations. The study recommends to actors in tourism destinations, to have pandemic preparedness and risk management plans.
Entrepreneurial Abilities of Technical Graduates and their Self-Employability in Tanzania
Authors: Raphael Charles , Kipene Visent 
Published: August 2022

Entrepreneurship education is imperative for economic development and new economic strategies for fostering and generating jobs creating entrepreneurs. This paper therefore assesses the influence of entrepreneurial abilities on selfemployment among technical graduates in Tanzania. It specifically identifies the entrepreneurial skills acquired by technical graduates from technical institutions and examined the influence of identified entrepreneurial skills on self-employment among the technical graduates in Tanzania. This study was approached quantitatively based on explanatory survey design. Data were collected using questionnaire from 350 technical graduates sampled using stratified simple random technique. The collected data were analysed using Multiple Linear Regressions. The findings show that to a great extent graduates from colleges and universities acquire technical entrepreneurial skills; business management and to a small extent personal entrepreneurial skills. The findings show further that business management was ranked highly as the leading entrepreneurial skill for self-employment among technical graduates. All three entrepreneurial skills were found to have positive and significant influence on self-employment among technical graduates in Tanzania. The study recommends that colleges, institutes and universities should emphatically inculcate all the entrepreneurial skills to students as they have significant contributions to graduates self-employment.
Assessment of the impact of advertising on business development in Tanzania’s bank Sector: CRDB bank
Authors: Mneney Christina Ernest , Chenyambuga Dora Nestory 
Published: August 2022

This research aimed at determining how effective advertising is at increasing business growth in the banking industry. The study’s target population was 38 employees of CRDB Bank in Ilala District, out of these thirty-five (35) respondents were selected using a purposive sample technique. Likert scale was used, whereby 1 indicating Strongly Agree, 2 indicating Agree, 3 indicating Undecided, 4 indicating Disagree, and 5 indicating Strongly Disagree. Data were entered and analysed by SPSS software. The study’s findings revealed that, nearly 65 per cent of the respondents strongly agreed that advertising as an integrated marketing communication medium assists the banks in improving and enhancing client loyalty. Furthermore, 74.3 percent strongly agreed that advertising assists the banks in increasing sales volume and 25.7 percent agreed that advertising assists the bank in increasing sales volume. As a result, the vast majority of the respondents stated that advertising helped the bank to increase sales volume. According to the study, CRBD bank’s management should invest heavily in all Integrated Marketing Communication (ICM), including advertising, because it has a direct impact on the bank’s success.
Factors Influencing Bank Lending Behaviour in Tanzania A Case of Listed Banks in Tanzania
Authors: Magoma Anthony , Mbwambo Haika , Dobogo Hermas. A. 
Published: August 2022

The study looked at bank and industry-specific factors that influence listed commercial banks’ lending behaviour in Tanzania for the five-year period from 2016 to 2020. Asset quality, capital adequacy, liquidity, and bank size were employed as bank-specific factors, whereas Gross Domestic Product and inflation rate were used as industry-specific factors. To establish the cause and effect relationship between the response and explanatory variables, the study used an explanatory research design. Secondary data were extracted from seven listed commercial banks’ audited financial statements for a five year period, totalling 35 data points. After performing pre-regression analysis (multicollinearity test), correlation and linear analysis were conducted. From 2016 to 2020, the study discovered that capital adequacy and bank size have the biggest impact on Tanzanian listed commercial banks’ lending behaviour. At 5 per cent level, other explanatory variables such as asset quality, liquidity, GDP growth rate, and inflation rate were insignificant. Thus, the study concludes that capital adequacy and bank size influence the lending behaviour of the listed commercial banks in Tanzania from 2016 to 2020. The research was limited to seven Tanzanian listed commercial banks from 2016 to 2020. Regardless of their capital adequacy or size, the banks should lend cautiously. This is because, in today’s intensely competitive business, if larger banks with massive capital lend irresponsibly, they are likely to collapse. Finally, the study results demonstrated that the bank size and capital adequacy influence the lending behaviour of the listed commercial banks’ in Tanzania
Work-family conflict as antecedent to workplace deviance: a study among bankers
Authors: Ametorwo Aaron Makafui , Ofori Daniel , Annor Francis , Dartey-Baah Kwasi 
Published: August 2022

Hinged on the Job Demand-Resource model and Source Attribution Theory, this study assessed the relationship between work-family conflict (family-towork and work-to-family conflicts) and workplace deviant behaviours (organizational and interpersonal deviance) among bank employees in Ghana. The quantitative two-wave longitudinal design was used, and data collected from 301 respondents. Unique self-generated codes were used to match the responses from each respondent in both times. Work-to-family conflict predicted interpersonal deviant behaviour in both Time 1 and Time 2, and organizational deviant behaviour in Time 2 but not in Time 1. Also, family-to-work conflict predicted interpersonal deviant behaviour in both Time 1 and Time 2 and also predicted organizational deviant behaviour in Time 1 only. This is one of the few empirical studies assessing the relationship between work-family conflict and workplace deviance, and in particular, among bankers. Assessing such relationships in this study over time has shown that variations in nature of the hypothesized relationships could be a result of extraneous variables (dynamic employee behaviour or environmental changes) not anticipated. Banks must pay particular attention to the job demands imposed on employees and again take interest in the out-of-job experiences of staff that could affect their job performance and involvement in deviant behaviours.
Keywords: Work-family conflict; workplace deviance; bankers; Ghana; antecedents
Utility of the sonographic syndromic pattern approach in diagnosis of aneuploidy in a low resource setting: case report
Authors: Verenga C , Farayi S , Hlatshwayo L , Zanga AS , Ndagurwa M , Nkomo M , Rupande F , Khumbula ML 
Published: August 2022

Background: Aneuploidies pose a diagnostic challenge in low resource settings where diagnostic tests are unavailable or costs are beyond the reach of many. This provides a clinical challenge in case management and counselling for women with foetuses carrying multiple congenital anomalies. A pragmatic approach in the management of foetal medicine cases in these settings becomes imperative.
Design: Screening survey and diagnostic test, the well accepted standard for Aneuploidy screen and laboratory tests. In this case we seek to illustrate the use of ultrasound in low resource setting where diagnostic tests are expensive and inaccessible.
Setting: This was a hospital-bases case in a low-income setting.
Subjects: A 45-year-old woman in her first pregnancy was referred at 20 weeks gestation to the Fetal Medicine Unit (FMU) with an ultrasound scan diagnosis of exomphalos.
Intervention: A syndromic pattern approach was used in making a clinical diagnosis of trisomy 18 in a setting with ultrasound equipment and well-trained personnel. The syndromic pattern approach recognises that the common aneuploids such as Trisomy 21, 18 and 13, Monosomy X and Triploidy have a set of foetal malformations that accompany each of the syndromes.
Main Outcome Measures: Diagnosis of Aneuploidy
Results: A large exomphalos containing bowel and liver was identified. Additional abnormalities were identified which included bilateral mild ventriculomegaly, choroid plexus cysts, left diaphragmatic hernia, atrioventricular septal defect, and kyphoscoliosis of the thoracolumbar vertebrae.
Conclusion: The case illustrates the utility of the sonographic syndrome approach in managing pregnancy with multiple foetal defects in low-resource settings.
Core Tip: Aneuploidies pose a diagnostic challenge in low resource settings where diagnostic tests are unavailable or costs are beyond the reach of many. We report a case in which a sonographic syndromic pattern approach was used in making a clinical diagnosis of trisomy 18 in a setting with ultrasound equipment and well-trained personnel. This approach helps with case management and patient counselling.
Sustainability and resilience: using the sustainable system-ofsystems model for ergonomics interventions
Authors: Thatcher Andrew , Yeow Paul H.P. 
Published: August 2022

The ecological crises faced by humanity require all disciplines to think differently about how we interact with the ecosphere to prevent untold misery and possible human extinction. The fact that these crises are primarily caused by human mismanagement of our environment means that ergonomics (literally meaning the study of human work) should play a key role in understanding and ameliorating these negative effects. This article introduces Thatcher and Yeow’s (2016) sustainable system-of-systems model for ergonomics to the South African ergonomics community. The sustainable system-ofsystems model blends ecological models of systems with social models of ergonomics systems to create a new model that encapsulates this eco-socio-technical systems thinking. This article focuses on aspects of complex adaptive systems and resilience thinking to show where ergonomics might contribute to the creation of resilient and sustainable systems. The article concludes with a set of challenges that need to be considered when creating sustainable work systems that demonstrate resilience over time.
Foreign Fictions: ‘Research’ about Ethiopian Legal Reform in a Top-Tier Academic Journal
Authors: Cochrane Logan 
Published: August 2022

Top tier academic journals claim to publish the most rigorous, peer reviewed research. This evidence based found therein is utilized to support decision making for sustainable development. In parallel, many journals that are published in the Global South are accused of being lower quality or disregarded as ‘predatory’. This article explores an example of a ‘foreign fiction’ written about Ethiopia and published in a top tier academic journal. The narratives and evidence from that top tier journal are contrasted with research published in Ethiopian journals. This case study shows that Ethiopian scholars have produced important research and contributed evidence, but have largely been ignored, or silenced, perpetuating foreign fictions. This is important because policy and law seeking to enable development are informed and influenced by the research produced in top tier journals. Based upon this, this article critiques assumptions about “top tier” journals as well as those about Ethiopian journals, and further about the continued colonial power imbalances that exist within knowledge production systems. This has implications for universities and scholars, which continue to privilege a particular set of journals that are largely based in the Global North and wherein contributing authors are also largely based in the Global North. The reproduction of colonial relationships within global knowledge production systems calls for much broader critical reflection about whose voices are privileged as authentic conveyors of knowledge and how these privileges are institutionalized.
Keywords: Ethiopia; Foreign Fictions; Knowledge Production; Power; Narrative; Sustainable Development; SDGs
Improving environmental protection in Nigeria: a reassessment of the role of informal institutions
Authors: Enabulele Osamuyimen , Ekhator Eghosa O. 
Published: August 2022

The success of an approach or strategy for the implementation of legal instruments in one country does not imply that the same approach or strategy would be successful when replicated in another country because there is no ‘one-size-fits-all approach’ to policy implementation. The rationale for the above assertion is that institutions play a major role in the success of any policy. Undoubtedly, institutional approach provides a solid foundation to explore the interplay between formulation of policies and their effective implementation. Therefore, for an environmental policy to be successfully implemented, the institutional peculiarity of the country must be considered. This article explores the role of informal institutions (embedded institutions) in policy implementation focusing on Sub-Saharan Africa with specific focus on Nigeria. It provides theoretical basis for an informal institutional approach in environmental policy implementation. This article suggests that the institutional approach can be extended to environmental protection and management through informal institutions.
Keywords: Environment; Institutions; Informal institutions; Indigenous knowledge; Taboos; Environmental protection
Effect of low molecular weight heparin and ulinastatin as a combined therapy on soluble myeloid cell expression and intestinal mucosal function in patients with severe pancreatitis
Authors: Qian Dong , Luan Xinyuan , Zhang Yanan 
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To investigate the effect of low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) and ulinastatin on soluble myeloid cells and intestinal mucosal function (IMF) in patients with severe pancreatitis.
Methods: A total of 107 patients with severe pancreatitis were divided into two groups: control group (CG, n = 53) and study group (SG, n = 54). The CG was treated with LMWH while SG was similarly treated but in addition received ulinastatin simultaneously. The following parameters were evaluated in the two groups: treatment effects, IMF, time for various indicators to normalize, vascular endothelial function, complication symptoms, T lymphoid subgroup indicators, inflammatory factors, anti-inflammatory factors, soluble B7-H2, and soluble myeloid cell receptor-1 level changes.
Results: After treatment, SG showed lower levels of L/M value, DAO and D-lactic acid than in CG (p < 0.05). Gastrointestinal function, leukocytes, amylase, and body temperature in SG had a shorter time to return to normal than in CG (p < 0.05). The levels of IL-10 in SG were higher than in CG, while sB7-H2, TNF-α, sTREM-1 and IL-1 levels were lower than those in the CG (p < 0.05). After treatment, NO levels in SG were higher, but TXB2, vWF and ET levels were lower than in CG (p < 0.05). In addition, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ indicators were higher and CD8+ lower in SG than in CG (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Ulinastatin + LMWHs improves IMF in patients suffering from severe pancreatitis, shortens the time for various indicators to normalize, and reduces incidence of complications. However, further clinical trials are required to ascertain this therapeutic strategy for the management of severe pancreatitis.
Keywords: Low molecular weight heparin; Ulinastatin; Severe pancreatitis; Soluble myeloid cell expression; Intestinal mucosal function; Treatment effect
Effect of combined use of atorvastatin and hormonal therapy on serum prostate-specific antigen, urinary function, and quality of life of early prostate cancer patients in intensive care unit
Authors: Xiao Li , Liao Jiaoe 
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To determine the effects of combined use of atorvastatin and hormonal therapy on serum levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), urinary function parameters, and quality of life (QOL) of intensive care unit (ICU) patients with early prostate cancer (PCa).
Methods: The clinical data for 90 PCa patients treated in ICU of Chenzhou First People's Hospital, Chenzhou, China from July 2019 to July 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into a reference group given intensity-modulated radiotherapy (n = 45), and a study group treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy + atorvastatin + hormonal therapy (n = 45) sequentially as they were admitted. After the treatments, serum PSA levels of the patients were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while QOL was measured based on Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC). Urinary parameters were determined by measuring various urodynamic indicators.
Results: Compared with the reference group, the study group had significantly lower post-treatment serum levels of PSA and blood lipids, higher levels of urinary function indicators (except for residual urine volume), and higher scores in IIEF-5 and EPIC (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the combined use of atorvastatin and hormonal therapy is a reliable method for improving urinary function and QOL in early PCa patients. Moreover, the combined treatment has potentials for reducing serum levels of PSA and blood lipids in PCa patients. These findings may be useful in the establishment of improved therapy for early PCa.
Keywords: Atorvastatin; Hormonal therapy; Early prostate cancer; Serum PSA; Urinary function; Quality of life
MicroRNA-542 suppressed the proliferation of human glioma cells by targeting talin-2 (TLN2)
Authors: Li Jinlan , Mo Jiapeng , Liu Qunhui , Li Wenjing , Yang Shijun , Tan Minghui , Zhong Jianhua 
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To investigate the effect of miR-542 in the development of human glioma.
Methods: The expressions of miR-542 and TLN2 in glioma cells and normal human astrocytes were determined using qRT-PCR, while MTT and colony formation assays were used to determine cell proliferation. Western blotting was used to determine protein expression.
Results: It was revealed that miR-542 was significantly downregulated in glioma cells. Overexpression of miR-542 inhibited the proliferation and clonogenicity of glioma cells via induction of apoptosis. The percentage of apoptotic U87 cells increased from 5.32 in control to 26.76 upon miR-542 overexpression. Moreover, TLN2 was identified as the functional regulatory target of miR542 in glioma. The expression of TLN2 was markedly upregulated in human glioma cells. However, overexpression of miR-542 suppressed TLN2 expression. Silencing of TLN2 mimicked the tumor-suppressive effects of miR-542 in glioma cells, but this effect was blocked by TLN2 over-expression.
Conclusion: These results suggest that miR-542 exerted glioma-suppressive effect, with TLN2 as its functional regulatory target.
Keywords: Glioma; Proliferation; Micro-RNA; Tumorigenesis; MiR-542; Apoptosis; Prognosis; talin-2; Oncogene
Plasma Rico em Plaquetas (PRP): uma nova abordagem das rotações por minuto (RPM)
Authors: Amadio Menegat Taís , Farina Thuanny , Meline Rosana 
Published: August 2022

Conhecido também como plasma autógeno de plaquetas, plasma enriquecido com plaquetas e outras denominações similares, o PRP (plasma rico em plaquetas) é um concentrado autólogo de plaquetas obtido a partir da centrifugação do sangue total, onde seu potencial efeito é através da liberação de fatores de crescimento presentes nos alfa-grânulos plaquetários. No Brasil, o crescimento dos procedimentos estéticos tem entusiasmado pacientes que buscam melhorias faciais e corporais, tendo em vista que as novas técnicas que surgem prometem resultados visíveis com menor tempo e esforço para consegui-los. Muitos são os protocolos de rpm (rotações por minuto) para aumentar a concentração de agregado plaquetário, porém há necessidade de estabelecer um padrão de rotação (rpm), para obter a maior quantidade possível e com qualidade, do agregado plaquetário. O objetivo deste estudo foi encontrar a melhor rotação e tempo para obter uma quantidade maior de PRP+PRF. Para a realização do estudo foram utilizadas 36 amostras, contendo 3,5ml de sangue que foram distribuídas em 9 grupos aleatórios, contendo 5 tubos de sangue cada e foram submetidas a rotações e tempo diferentes. Os resultados mostraram que houve diferença significativa no Grupo E e Grupo F, onde foi obtido maior na quantidade de PRP+PRF do que nos outros grupos. Os autores concluíram que utilizando a rotação de 4.000rpm com 3 minutos consegue obter uma maior quantidade de PRP+PRF.
Interview with Wouk Almino
Authors: Lanius Marcela 
Published: August 2022

Elisa Wouk Almino is a writer, editor, and literary translator based in Los Angeles. She is the translator of This House by Ana Martins Marques (Scrambler Books), editor of Alice Trumbull Mason: Pioneer of American Abstraction (Rizzoli), and a senior editor at the online art magazine Hyperallergic. Her translations and essays have appeared in the Paris Review Daily, Lit Hub, NYR Daily, Asymptote Journal, Words Without Borders, and other places. She teaches literary translation and art writing at Catapult and UCLA Extension. In this interview, we discuss the translation project she has been working on since 2018, which revolves around some untapped archival material that belonged to Ana Cristina Cesar.
Asciminib (Scemblix)
Authors: CADTH  
Published: August 2022

CADTH recommends that Scemblix should be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of Philadelphia chromosome–positive chronic myeloid leukemia (Ph+ CML) if certain conditions are met.
Scemblix should only be covered to treat adults with Ph+ CML who are in chronic phase (CP) with treatment failure on or intolerance to 2 or more prior tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapies and have no evidence of T315I or V299L
Scemblix should only be reimbursed if prescribed by clinicians with expertise and experience in treating CML and if the cost of Scemblix is reduced.