bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thailand EMT Domestic Response During the COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Yothasamutr Kasemsuk , Pathomwanitka Thiradet , Sawanpanyalert Narumol 
Published: November 2022

Background/Introduction:Thailand Emergency Medical Team (Thailand EMT) was verified by the WHO in 2019 as a Type 1 fixed EMT. The second wave of COVID-19 hit the country in December 2020. Samut Sakhon province was the center of the spread with many migrant workers infected. Several field hospitals were set up, one being situated in the compound of a Buddhist Temple, Wat Krok Krak. Thailand EMT was tasked in setting up and running the operation here in the initial phase.Objectives:To describe Thailand EMT’s experience in operating a COVID-19 field hospital.Method/Description:On December 30, 2020, 16 members of the Thailand EMT were deployed to the Wat Krok Krak Field Hospital. The team comprised of doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and emergency medical technicians who also functioned as logistic officers. Patients were admitted in groups every day. Physicians communicated with patients by using a telemedicine system to monitor patients clinically.Results/Outcomes:From December 31, 2020 through January 6, 2021, 143 COVID-19 patients were admitted. There were 104 female and 39 male patients. Patients were between 16 and 54 years of age, with a mean of 31.5 years. All were foreigner workers from nearby countries. Three patients had to be referred to a tertiary hospital. The rest of the patients were eventually discharged.Conclusion:Thailand EMT was able to adapt and deployed to operate a COVID-19 field hospital. Collaboration with relevant agencies and local authorities played a key role. This deployment, although within Thailand, was a good learning opportunity for the team to prepare for future operations.Tables and Figures (optional)
The EU-MODEX Blended Full-Scale Exercise: A Review
Authors: Carbini Federico , Angeli Valentina , Bortolin Michelangelo , Merlo Federico , Ragazzoni Luca 
Published: November 2022

Background/Introduction:Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, the EU-MODEX exercise had to rethink its logistics in order to promote safer environments for its participants.1Objectives:To describe the Blended EU-MODEX exercise as a method to minimize the risk of COVID-19 contagion and the role of CRIMEDIM during such innovative approach.Method/Description:The first post-COVID-19 EU-MODEX exercise was performed in October 2021. To avoid travels, three EMTs from Austria, Romania, and Estonia virtually deployed in a fictious country hit by a typhoon, operated independently in their own country. The Excon worked remotely from Germany. The interoperability among the EMTs was simulated using an online tool. When a patient, simulated by a local role player, needed a transfer from the EMT1 in Romania or Austria, all clinical information were shared online and a new role player was prepared with that information to continue the simulation in Estonia. CRIMEDIM personnel located at each EMT were tasked to ensure the consistency and the quality of all the clinical cases, matching the clinical information of the incoming patient with the new role player, especially regarding the treatment received and the makeup instruction.Results/Outcomes:During the exercise, 425 clinical cases were played by the three EMTs. The exercise lasted for 60 hours and provided unique challenges due to its blended nature. No COVID-19 outbreaks were registered following the exercise.Conclusion:The experience of the Blended EU-MODEX exercise showed the potentiality of the virtual simulation environment as an effective alternative to avoid secondary contagion as well as reduce costs.
An Innovative Database of Clinical Cases to Improve the Realism of Full-Scale Exercises
Authors: Crimaldi Federico , Zulliani M. , Porta L. , Bortolin Michelangelo , Merlo Federico , Ragazzoni Luca 
Published: November 2022

Background/Introduction:Simulation is an “educational method that can be applied to the training of processes, technical, and non-technical skills.” Literature underlines how simulating with the maximum realism possible improves the quality of training.Objectives:To describe the methodology used by CRIMEDIM to create a high-quality database of clinical cases to improve the realism of the EU MODEX exercises.Method/Description:In 2021, CRIMEDIM created a new database of clinical cases with disaster and non-disaster-related injuries and diseases to be used for the EU MODEX exercises. Each clinical case has four temporal stages: prehospital, T0, T1, and T2, and each of them has two possible variations: Type A (improvement) and Type B (deterioration). Timing and treatments received (or not received) determine the evolution between one step and the following one. Each clinical case consists of past medical history, disaster-related history, drugs, and allergies. There are also various exams (eg, blood tests [blood count, ABG, biochemical test, coagulation], imaging [ultrasound, XR, CT], and EKG) and other clinical information. The database allows printing casualty cards, each containing instructions for role players and make-up artists.Results/Outcomes:At this moment, the database consists of 1,174 clinical cases, with the possibility to create new cases according to different disaster scenarios, training needs, and learning objectives.Conclusion:According to participants’ feedback, the introduction of such an innovative and comprehensive database seemed to have improved the quality and the realism of the Medical EU MODEX.
Bringing EU law back down to Earth
Authors: O'Brien Charlotte 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTraditional approaches to teaching EU law can seem almost deliberately alienating; there is a lot of incomprehensible stodge that students are told they ‘just have to get through’ before they can really begin. So courses start with memorising technical terminology, institutional facts and then some principles that, without context, can just seem like more jargon. By the time they move on to case-law and legislation, the idea that these things are useful domestic tools has long since vanished. Instead, a contextual approach mitigates a trio of risks that have beset traditional EU law teaching – the risks of excessive positivism, excessive abstraction and excessive black-letter lawyering. Context requires critical engagement with, rather than simple absorption of, law; it makes the law accessible and applicable; and it involves socio-legal and interdisciplinary methods and materials. It is, of course, risky in different ways – but we should have a greater appetite for risks related not to cognitive stagnation, but to intellectual challenge.
Incongruous pedagogy: on teaching feminism, law and humour during the pandemic
Authors: Dutta Debolina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the wake of the devastating second wave of the pandemic in India, I taught an elective subject called ‘A Politics of Frivolity? Feminism, Law and Humour’. I offered a subject that intellectually embraced frivolity, precisely for the purpose of responding to the serious anguish and hopelessness of the pandemic. That the study of law is serious business works as (almost) a truism. Understandably, laughter seldom goes with it. Feminists, and feminisms, have also attained a similar reputation or stereotype of being humourless and killjoys. Given this antithetical relationship that humour and laughter shared with both law and feminism, their friendship was not easily foreseeable, working to infuse their combined study with an element of surprise and incongruity. This essay offers an account of my experience of teaching the subject during these dark times. It is a reconstruction partly from my class notes and partly from scribblings and memory. I reflect on a selected set of materials that I taught in the class, how these were received, the questions they raised and how the context enlivened the materials.
Mantle Tomography of Central‐Eastern USA: Influence of Inversion Volume Size
Authors: Liang Xuran , Zhao Dapeng , Hua Yuanyuan , Xu Yi‐Gang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTeleseismic tomography is a powerful tool to study the 3‐D structure of the upper mantle beneath a local seismic network, but the robustness of its images has been challenged by the increasing size of the study volume in recent studies. This is because teleseismic tomography uses relative travel‐time residuals (RTTRs) that are contaminated more by the whole‐mantle heterogeneity for a larger study region. In this work, we correct the RTTRs of teleseismic events for the mantle heterogeneities outside the study volume using two global tomographic models. Our results show that the whole‐mantle correction is necessary when a study region is wider than ∼10°, and the maximum outside residual reaches 1.2 s for a study region of ∼35° wide. After the whole‐mantle correction, those teleseismic events with a large ray spread angle are still useful for tomographic imaging. Applying this approach to teleseismic travel‐time data recorded by the USArray, we obtain a high‐resolution 3‐D P‐wave velocity (Vp) model beneath the central and eastern United States. It shows three low‐velocity anomalies beneath the New Madrid Seismic Zone, the East Tennessee Seismic Zone, and the South Carolina Seismic Zone, suggesting that lithospheric weakness induced by fluids may play an important role in reactivating the intraplate seismic zones. The passage of the Bermuda hotspot and remnants of the subducted Farallon slab in the lower mantle might be responsible for the fluid release and lithospheric weakening, which reactivated ancient rifts and suture zones in the crust and facilitated the formation of the intraplate seismic zones.
Impact of ENSO on the Entrance of the Indonesian Throughflow: The Oceanic Wave Propagation
Authors: Hu Xiaoyue , Xue Huijie , Liang Linlin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA regional ocean model simulation for the period from 2000 through 2016 is used to study oceanic wave propagation in the Indonesian seas. The model simulation compares favorably with the interannual variability of the satellite derived sea level anomaly and the observed currents in the entrance passages of ITF. Lag correlation analysis suggests that the interannual sea level anomaly and opposite responses of the velocity above and below the thermocline in the western (the Sulawesi Sea and the Makassar Strait) and eastern (the Halmahera Sea) pathways of ITF are associated with the ENSO induced Rossby waves from the equatorial Pacific rather than the local wind forcing. In particular, during La Niña years ENSO induced anomalies traveling through the western pathway are comparable to those through the traditional eastern waveguide, suggesting the importance of both pathways in the propagation of ENSO signals in the Indonesian seas. Different roles of the western and eastern pathways in transmitting the ENSO signals into the Indonesian seas are associated with the nonlinear processes in the Sulawesi Sea, which appears to be linked with different states of the western boundary currents during the warm and cold ENSO phases.
Post-traumatic stress disorder and risk for hospitalization and death following COVID-19 infection
Authors: Nishimi Kristen , Neylan Thomas C. , Bertenthal Daniel , Dolsen Emily A. , Seal Karen H. , O’Donovan Aoife 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with an increased risk for physical illnesses and early mortality. However, we do not know if it also increases the risk for adverse outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this retrospective cohort study, we examined associations of PTSD and other psychiatric disorders with risk for hospitalization and death in the 60 days following a COVID-19 infection in 228,367 U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) patients who tested positive for COVID-19 between February 2020 and August 2021 (age m = 60.6, 89.5% male). Generalized linear models estimated associations of PTSD and other psychiatric disorders with outcomes following a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, adjusting for socio-demographic, medical, and behavioral factors. Among 228,367 VA patients, 25.6% had PTSD, and 28.2% had a psychiatric disorder other than PTSD. In the 60 days following a positive COVID-19 test, 15% of patients were hospitalized, and 6% died. Patients with PTSD had an increased risk for both hospitalization (adjusted relative risk, ARR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.15–1.21) and death (ARR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.08–1.19) relative to those with no psychiatric disorders, adjusting for socio-demographics. Estimates remained significant when models were additionally adjusted for medical comorbidities and smoking. Patients with other psychiatric disorders also had an increased risk of adverse COVID-19 outcomes, with larger effect sizes than PTSD in older (≥65 years) but not younger patients. In this large-scale study of VA patients, individuals with PTSD, and other psychiatric disorders, had heightened vulnerability to severe adverse outcomes of COVID-19; thus, individuals with PTSD should also be considered at higher risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes, and potentially prioritized for vaccination, screening, and early treatment intervention for COVID-19.
Gut to lung translocation and antibiotic mediated selection shape the dynamics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an ICU patient
Authors: Wheatley Rachel M. , Caballero Julio Diaz , van der Schalk Thomas E. , De Winter Fien H. R. , Shaw Liam P. , Kapel Natalia , Recanatini Claudia , Timbermont Leen , Kluytmans Jan , Esser Mark , Lacoma Alicia , Prat-Aymerich Cristina , Oliver Antonio , Kumar-Singh Samir , Malhotra-Kumar Surbhi , Craig MacLean R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBacteria have the potential to translocate between sites in the human body, but the dynamics and consequences of within-host bacterial migration remain poorly understood. Here we investigate the link between gut and lungPseudomonas aeruginosapopulations in an intensively sampled ICU patient using a combination of genomics, isolate phenotyping, host immunity profiling, and clinical data. Crucially, we show that lung colonization in the ICU was driven by the translocation ofP. aeruginosafrom the gut. Meropenem treatment for a suspected urinary tract infection selected for elevated resistance in both the gut and lung. However, resistance was driven by parallel evolution in the gut and lung coupled with organ specific selective pressures, and translocation had only a minor impact on AMR. These findings suggest that reducing intestinal colonization ofPseudomonasmay be an effective way to prevent lung infections in critically ill patients.
Genomic signatures of recent convergent transitions to social life in spiders
Authors: Tong Chao , Avilés Leticia , Rayor Linda S. , Mikheyev Alexander S. , Linksvayer Timothy A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe transition from solitary to social life is a major phenotypic innovation, but its genetic underpinnings are largely unknown. To identify genomic changes associated with this transition, we compare the genomes of 22 spider species representing eight recent and independent origins of sociality. Hundreds of genes tend to experience shifts in selection during the repeated transition to social life. These genes are associated with several key functions, such as neurogenesis, behavior, and metabolism, and include genes that previously have been implicated in animal social behavior and human behavioral disorders. In addition, social species have elevated genome-wide rates of molecular evolution associated with relaxed selection caused by reduced effective population size. Altogether, our study provides unprecedented insights into the genomic signatures of social evolution and the specific genetic changes that repeatedly underpin the evolution of sociality. Our study also highlights the heretofore unappreciated potential of transcriptomics using ethanol-preserved specimens for comparative genomics and phylotranscriptomics.
Structural basis for activation of DNMT1
Authors: Kikuchi Amika , Onoda Hiroki , Yamaguchi Kosuke , Kori Satomi , Matsuzawa Shun , Chiba Yoshie , Tanimoto Shota , Yoshimi Sae , Sato Hiroki , Yamagata Atsushi , Shirouzu Mikako , Adachi Naruhiko , Sharif Jafar , Koseki Haruhiko , Nishiyama Atsuya , Nakanishi Makoto , Defossez Pierre-Antoine , Arita Kyohei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDNMT1 is an essential enzyme that maintains genomic DNA methylation, and its function is regulated by mechanisms that are not yet fully understood. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of human DNMT1 bound to its two natural activators: hemimethylated DNA and ubiquitinated histone H3. We find that a hitherto unstudied linker, between the RFTS and CXXC domains, plays a key role for activation. It contains a conserved α-helix which engages a crucial “Toggle” pocket, displacing a previously described inhibitory linker, and allowing the DNA Recognition Helix to spring into the active conformation. This is accompanied by large-scale reorganization of the inhibitory RFTS and CXXC domains, allowing the enzyme to gain full activity. Our results therefore provide a mechanistic basis for the activation of DNMT1, with consequences for basic research and drug design.
Neuromodulatory effects of theta burst stimulation to the prefrontal cortex
Authors: Moffa Adriano H. , Boonstra Tjeerd W. , Wang Ashley , Martin Donel , Loo Colleen , Nikolin Stevan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTheta burst stimulation (TBS) is a new form of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) capable of non-invasively modulating cortical excitability. In recent years TBS has been increasingly used as a neuroscientific investigative tool and therapeutic intervention for psychiatric disorders, in which the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is often the primary target. However, the neuromodulatory effects of TBS on prefrontal regions remain unclear. Here we share EEG and ECG recordings and structural MRI scans, including high-resolution DTI, from twenty-four healthy participants who received intermittent TBS (two sessions), continuous TBS (two sessions), and sham stimulation (one session) applied to the left DLPFC using a single-blinded crossover design. Each session includes eyes-open resting-state EEG and single-pulse TMS-EEG obtained before TBS and 2−, 15−, and 30-minutes post-stimulation. This dataset enables foundational basic science investigations into the neuromodulatory effects of TBS on the DLPFC.
Effects of foliar application of humic acid extracts and indole acetic acid on important growth indices of canola (Brassica napus L.)
Authors: Hemati Arash , Alikhani Hossein Ali , Babaei Mehdi , Ajdanian Ladan , Asgari Lajayer Behnam , van Hullebusch Eric D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVermicompost (VC) is a rich source of HA that improves plant growth and yield indices such as fresh and dry weights, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, and chlorophyll index value. In this study, the effect of foliar application of HA extracted from different types of VC enriched with bacteria and/or fertilizers, commercial HA (CHA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) on the growth characteristics of canola (Brassica napus) in greenhouse conditions were compared. According to the results, the foliar application of HA extracted from VC had complete superiority over CHA and IAA in most traits except for the leaf number. Furthermore, the highest level of foliar application of HA (600 mg L−1) enriched withAzotobacter chroococcum(21Az) + Pseudomonas fluorescens(Ps 59) (HA-AS) generated the highest height, diameter, leaf area, and chlorophyll index value. Also, the highest stomatal conductance and photosynthesis rate were observed with the application of 600 mg L−1HA extracted from VC enriched with nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus (HA-NSP) compared to the other treatments. Besides, dry and fresh weights and seed yield under HA-NSP and HA-AS treatments were at their highest rate. Among the extracted HAs, the one extracted from the nitrogen enriched VC had the lowest efficiency. Based on the present study, the HA extracted from VC enriched withAzotobacter,Pseudomonasand NSP is recommended to increase canola growth and production.
Effects of interfacial dynamics on the damping of biocomposites
Authors: Tian Yufeng , Kim Wonsuk , Kiziltas Alper , Mielewski Deborah , Argento Alan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA damping model is developed based on the mechanism of interfacial interaction in nanoscale particle reinforced composites. The model includes the elasticity of the materials and the effects of interfacial adhesion hysteresis. Specific results are given for the case of bio-based PA610 polyamide reinforced by nanocrystalline cellulose (CNC), based on a previous study that showed this composite possesses very high damping. The presence of hydrogen bonding at the interface between the particle and matrix and the large interfacial area due to the filler’s nano size are shown to be the main causes of the high damping enhancement. The influence of other parameters, such as interfacial distance and stiffness of the matrix materials are also discussed. The modeling work can be used as a guide in designing composites with good damping properties.
Discovery and classification of complex multimorbidity patterns: unravelling chronicity networks and their social profiles
Authors: Alvarez-Galvez Javier , Vegas-Lozano Esteban 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMultimorbidity can be defined as the presence of two or more chronic diseases in an individual. This condition is associated with reduced quality of life, increased disability, greater functional impairment, increased health care utilisation, greater fragmentation of care and complexity of treatment, and increased mortality. Thus, understanding its epidemiology and inherent complexity is essential to improve the quality of life of patients and to reduce the costs associated with multi-pathology. In this paper, using data from the European Health Survey, we explore the application of Mixed Graphical Models and its combination with social network analysis techniques for the discovery and classification of complex multimorbidity patterns. The results obtained show the usefulness and versatility of this approach for the study of multimorbidity based on the use of graphs, which offer the researcher a holistic view of the relational structure of data with variables of different types and high dimensionality.
One-step metallization of weft-knitted fabrics for wearable biaxial strain sensors
Authors: Tai Chao-Yi , Lin Chun-Yu , Liu Tang-Chun , Jia Lu-Chiang , Jones Thomas , Abdolvand Amin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOne-step direct patterning of high definition conductive tracks in textiles is realized through laser direct writing in combination with a silver organometallic ink developed in-house. Photoreduction, nano-crystallization, and sintering are accomplished in one pass under the irradiation of a CW green laser light (λ = 532 nm) at moderate intensities (I ≥ 95 mW/mm2). By tailoring the surface tension and viscosity of the ink, high-definition conductive tracks are formed in weft-knitted polyester-Spandex composite fabrics, well-following the laser’s profile with negligible coffee stain effect. Length resistance as low as 4 Ω/cm is measured and anisotropy of the gauge factor as high as 25 is achieved. The metallized fabric exhibits reversible and hysteresis-free electromechanical responses subject to high strains. Durability assessment qualifies that the as-metallized strain sensors are able to sustain their performance for over 5000 stretch/release cycles, demonstrating its potential applications in biaxial strain sensing and interactive smart textiles.