bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishing mammalian GLUT kinetics and lipid preferences in a reconstituted-liposome system
Authors: Saudea Albert , Qureshi Aziz , McComas Sarah , Coinçon Mathieu , Rudling Alex , Chatzikyriakidou Yurie , Landreh Michael , Carlsson Jens , Drew David 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Glucose transporters (GLUTs) are essential for organism-wide glucose homeostasis in mammals. Due to their critical role in cellular growth and metabolism, GLUT dysfunction is associated with numerous diseases, such as diabetes and cancer. Despite structural advances, transport assays using purified GLUT have proven to be difficult to implement, hampering deeper mechanistic studies. Indeed, our understanding of the role of GLUT transporters to whole-body glucose homeostasis is largely derived from the kinetics of 2-deoxy-glucose and not D-glucose, as this sugar is rapidly phosphorylated in the cell. Here, we have optimized a transport assay in liposomes for the fructose-specific isoform GLUT5, and demonstrate how inaccuracies can be generated when assessing the impact of mutations and inhibitors with suboptimal activity. By combining lipidomic analysis with native MS and thermal-shift assays, we replicate the GLUT5 transport activities seen in crude lipids with a small number of synthetic lipids. Subsequently, we show how GLUT5 is only active under a specific range of membrane fluidity, and that human GLUT1-4 prefers a similar lipid composition. Although GLUT3 is designated as the high-affinity glucose transporter, in vitro D-glucose kinetics demonstrates that GLUT1 and GLUT3 actually have a similar KM, but GLUT3 has a higher turnover. Interestingly, GLUT4 has a high KM for D-glucose and yet a very slow turnover, which might be to ensure D-glucose uptake is regulated by insulin-dependent trafficking. Overall, our study provides a much-needed transport assay for analyzing in vitro GLUT activities, and implies that high-levels of free fatty acids in membranes, as found in those suffering from metabolic disorders, are a likely contributor to the impairment of glucose transport.
Experimental Study on the Nonlinear Flow Characteristics of Fractured Granite after High-Temperature Cycling
Authors: Li Tao , Zhang Qiang , Yin Qian , Dai Wanli 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To understand the influence of temperature on the flow characteristics of fractured granite, high-temperature cyclic thermal treatment and flow tests on the fractured rock sample and intact rock sample were conducted. With the temperature increasing, the aperture of the fractures, the number of micro-fractures, and micropores increase which forms a large number of new connected hydraulic channels in the matrix. Forchheimer's law and Izbash equation can well describe the nonlinear flow characteristics, and the fitting coefficients are greater than 0.99. As the increasing temperature, the slope of the curve between the volumetric flow rate and pressure gradient gradually decreases and the coefficients in Forchheimer's law and the Izbash equation decrease. The transmissivity decrease with the increasing Reynolds number and the change range of that increase with the increasing temperature. When the temperature is at the lower level (T = 200 ~ 600 ℃), the contribution of split fracture to the permeability is greater than that of the matrix. When the temperature continuously increases to 800 ℃, the contribution of the matrix to the permeability gradually rises and then exceeds that of split fracture. The results indicate that 400 ℃ is the critical temperature, after which the flow characteristics of fractured granite after high-temperature cycling change more obviously.
Phase I Study of A166, a Novel Antibody-Drug Conjugate in Advanced HER2-expressing Solid Tumors
Authors: Hu Xichun , Zhang Jian , Liu Rujiao , Gao Shuiping , Li Wenhua , Chen Yang , Meng Yanchun , Liu Chang , Jin Wenyue , Yi Shuli , Qing Yan , Ge Junyou 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: In this phase I study, the safety, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor activity of a novel HER2 targeted antibody–drug conjugate A166 were evaluated in patients with HER2-expressing advanced solid tumors.
Experimental Design: Patients received A166 at doses of 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4, 3.6, 4.8, or 6.0 mg/kg Q3W.
Results: In total, 81 patients who had progressed on standard treatment were enrolled. No dose-limiting toxicity was observed. The most common treatment-related adverse events at grade 3 or higher were corneal epitheliopathy (30.9%), blurred vision (18.5%), dry eyes (7.4%), and peripheral sensory neuropathy (6.2%). The Cmax and area under curve of Duo-5, its free payload, were about 0.1% and 0.2% of those of the ADC, respectively. For all assessable HER2-positive breast cancer patients enrolled in 4.8 mg/kg and 6.0 mg/kg cohorts, corresponding ORR was 73.9% (17/23) and 68.6% (24/35), respectively; and median PFS was 12.3 and 9.4 months, respectively.
Conclusions: A166 had a recommended phase II dose of 4.8 mg/kg, manageable toxicity, good stability in the circulation and promising antitumor activities in HER2-positive breast cancer patients.
Trial registration: CTR20181301 (www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn)
Paper microfluidic device enables rapid and on-site wastewater surveillance in community settings
Authors: Pan Yuwei , Wang Baojun , Cooper Jonathan , Yang Zhugen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Tracking genomic sequences as microbial biomarkers in wastewater has been used to determine community prevalence of infectious diseases, contributing to public health surveillance programs. Here we report upon a low-cost, rapid, and user-friendly paper microfluidic platform for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza detection, using a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), with the signal read simply using a mobile phone camera. Sample-to-answer results were collected in < 1.5 hours providing rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses in wastewater, with a detection limit of < 20 copies µL-1. The device was subsequently used for on-site testing of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater samples from four quarantine hotels at London Heathrow Airport, showing comparable results to those obtained using a gold-standard polymerase chain reaction assay, as reference. Our sensing platform, which enables rapid and localized wastewater surveillance and does not require the sample to be sent to a centralized laboratory, is potentially an important public health tool for a wide variety of future applications, in community settings.
Identification of green lineage osmotic stress pathways uncovers a role for actin during stress acclimation
Authors: Vilarrasa-Blasi Josep , Vellosillo Tamara , Jinkerson Robert , fauser Frieder , Xiang Tingting , Minkoff Benjamin , Wang Lianyong , Kniazev Kiril , Guzman Michael , Osaki Jacqueline , Sussman Michael , Jonikas Martin , Dinneny José 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Maintenance of water homeostasis is a fundamental cellular process required by all living organisms. Here, we use the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to establish a foundational understanding of evolutionarily conserved osmotic-stress signaling pathways in the green lineage through transcriptomics, phosphoproteomics, and functional genomics approaches. Five genes acting across diverse cellular pathways were found to be essential for osmotic-stress tolerance in Chlamydomonas including cytoskeletal organization, potassium transport, vesicle trafficking, mitogen-activated protein kinase and chloroplast signaling. We show that homologs of these genes in the multicellular land plant Arabidopsis thaliana have conserved functional roles in stress tolerance and reveal a novel PROFILIN-dependent actin remodeling stage of acclimation that ensures cell survival and tissue integrity upon osmotic stress. This study highlights the conservation of the stress response in algae and land plants and establishes Chlamydomonas as a unicellular plant model system to dissect the osmotic stress signaling pathway.
Amorphization boost multi-ion storage for high-performance aqueous batteries
Authors: Jin Bowen , Liu Yuanhui , Cui Junya , Zhang Shimeng , Wu Yu , Xu Annan , Xu Ming , Shao Mingfei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Regarding the complex properties of various cations, the design of aqueous batteries that can simultaneously store multi-ions with high capacitance and satisfactory rate performance is a great challenge. Here we report an amorphization strategy to boost cation-ion storage capacitances of anode materials. Consequently, amorphous MoOx achieves high capacitance in variety of monovalent (H+, Li+, K+), divalent (Mg2+, Ca2+, Zn2+) and even trivalent (Al3+) aqueous electrolyte, which is more than 4 times higher than that of crystalline MoOx, and exceeds other reported multiple-ion storage materials. Both experiment and theory calculations reveal ample of active site and isotropic ion are generated in amorphous phase, accelerating cation migration within the bulk of electrode. By coupling with multi-ion storage cathodes, the assembled electrochemical energy storage devices with different carriers display promising energy density and high power density (> 15000 W kg− 1), demonstrative of great potential as advanced aqueous batteries.
Research on bridge pier crack identification method based on improved GOA and SVM
Authors: Liu Zhiqiang , Ye Jiahui , Wang Houlian , Sui Jian , Li Yinqi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Due to the changeable sea current conditions and the uncertainty of the sediment situation, the piers in the offshore area are partially washed by seawater, resulting in the fragile parts of the piers being eroded by seawater. When erosion reaches a certain depth, it can threaten the safety of the bridge structure. In order to improve the accuracy of bridge pier crack identification, a bridge pier crack identification method based on an improved grasshopper optimization algorithm optimized support vector machines (SVM) is proposed. To improve the Grasshopper Optimisation Algorithm (GOA), first select piecewise chaotic functions for mapping. This will increase the diversity of GOA and improve its convergence speed. Secondly, the Cauchy mutation is added to avoid the GOA from falling into the local optimum, and the global optimum is optimized, and the adaptive update strategy is introduced at the local position update to continuously and automatically adjust the control parameter c during the iteration process, which improves the local search capability of the GOA. Finally, the improved Grasshopper Optimisation Algorithm (IGOA) is used to optimize the penalty factor and the kernel function parameter \(\sigma\) in the Support Vector Machine (SVM). IGOA is compared with various algorithms for fitness, and IGOA-SVM is compared with SVM and GOA-SVM experimentally, and the results show that IGOA has the best fitness, and IGOA-SVM is an efficient SVM optimization algorithm with obvious effects and the highest classification accuracy.
Modeling Thermophysical Properties of Glasses
Authors: Lucia Angelo , Gregory Otto 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Metal oxide glasses are important in various industries because their properties can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements. However, there are few rigorous modeling tools for predicting thermomechanical properties of these materials with acceptable accuracy and speed, yet these properties can play a critical role in material design. In this article, a general multi-scale modeling framework based on Monte Carlo simulation and a cubic equation of state for predicting thermomechanical properties is presented. There are two novel and fundamental aspects of this work: (1) characterization of glass transition and softening temperatures as adjacent saddle points on the heat capacity versus temperature curve, and (2) a new moving boundary equation of state that accounts for structure and ‘soft’ repulsion. In addition, modeling capabilities are demonstrated by comparing thermomechanical properties of a pure B2O3 glass and PbO-B2O3 glass predicted by the equation of state to experimental data. Finally, this work provides a rigorous approach to estimating thermophysical properties for the purpose of guiding experimental work directed at tailoring thermomechanical properties of glasses to fit applications.
Revision surgery for recurrent dislocation following total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Toyoda Takashi , Oe Kenichi , Iida Hirokazu , Nakamura Tomohisa , Okamoto Naofumi , Saito Takanori 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
There are many therapeutic options for dislocation following total hip arthroplasty (THA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of revision surgery for dislocated hips.
Methods
Between November 2001 and December 2020, 71 consecutive revision hip surgeries were performed at our institution for recurrent dislocation following THA. We conducted a retrospective study of all 65 patients (71 hips), who were followed for a mean of 4.7 years (range, 1–14). The cohort included 48 women and 17 men, with a mean age of 71 years (range, 34–92). The mean number of previous surgeries was 1.6 (range, 1–5). Revision hip surgeries for recurrent dislocation following THA were classified as follows: open reduction and internal fixation, 2 hips; only head change or only liner change, 6 hips; only cup change with head size up, 14 hips; only stem change, 7 hips; cup and stem change, 24 hips; and conversion to constrained cup, 18 hips. Prosthesis survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method, with repeat revision surgery for re-dislocation or implant failure considered the endpoint. Cox proportional hazards model was performed for risk factors of re-revision surgery.
Results
Re-dislocation occurred in 5 hips (7.0%) and implant failure occurred in 1 hip (1.4%). The 10-year survival rate was 81.1% (95% confidence interval, 65.5–96.8). A risk factor for re-revision surgery due to re-dislocation was “positional” according to Dorr’s classification.
Conclusion
It is important to assess the cause of the dislocation to determine the most appropriate procedure.
Gene knockdown in HaCaT cells by small interfering RNAs entrapped in grapefruit- derived extracellular vesicles using a microfluidic device
Authors: Itakura Shoko , Shohji Ayaka , Amagai Sayaka , Kitamura Masashi , Takayama Kozo , Sugibayashi Kenji , Todo Hiroaki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) knockdown the expression of target genes by causing mRNA degradation and are a promising therapeutic modality. In clinical practice, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are used to deliver RNAs, such as siRNA and mRNA, into cells. However, these artificial nanoparticles are toxic and immunogenic. Thus, we focused on extracellular vesicles (EVs), natural drug delivery systems, for the delivery of nucleic acids. EVs deliver RNAs and proteins to specific tissues to regulate various physiological phenomena in vivo. Here, we propose a novel method for the preparation siRNAs encapsulated in EVs using a microfluidic device (MD). MDs can be used to generate nanoparticles, such as LNPs, by controlling flow rate to the device, but the loading of siRNAs into EVs using MDs has not been reported previously. In this study, we demonstrated a method for loading siRNAs into grapefruit-derived EVs (GEVs), which have gained attention in recent years for being plant-derived EVs developed using an MD. GEVs were collected from grapefruit juice using the one-step sucrose cushion method, and then GEVs-siRNA-GEVs were prepared using an MD device. The morphology of GEVs and siRNA-GEVs was observed using a cryogenic transmission electron microscope. Cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of GEVs or siRNA-GEVs were evaluated by microscopy using HaCaT cells. The prepared siRNA-GEVs encapsulated 11% of siRNAs. Moreover, intracellular delivery of siRNA and gene suppression effects in HaCaT cells were achieved using these siRNA-GEVs. Our findings suggested that MDs can be used to prepare siRNA-EV formulations.
Analysis of the machinability of different types of sintered carbides with WEDM in both water and oil bath
Authors: Mouralova Katerina , Benes Libor , Prokes Tomas , Zahradnicek Radim , Fries Jiri , Plichta Tomas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The unconventional Wire Electric Discharge Machining (WEDM) technology represents a vital manufacturing technology in different industrial branches. This technology is essential because of the possibility to machine difficult-to-machine materials such as sintered carbides. For this reason, this study analyses the machinability of sintered carbides WKP23S, WSM33S a WK1 with WEDM in both water and oil baths. We investigated the influence of the machining parameters, namely, pulse off time, gap voltage, discharge current, pulse on time, and wire feed, on the cutting speed, surface roughness, and defect occurrence. We investigated 9 different roughness parameters, analysed surface morphology with an electron microscope, and also analysed cross-sectioned samples. We found out that machining sintered carbides in oil bath yields better results than machining in deionized water. The oil tank prevents the removal of the cobalt binder, but it doesn’t reduce fissure occurrence in any significant way.
Design of a workshop for focused rescue transesophageal echocardiography in nurse anesthesia: a small-scale mixed methods study
Authors: Swerdlow Barry , Osborne-Smith Lisa , Soelberg Julie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Use of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) by certified registered nurse anesthetists to assess hemodynamic instability during noncardiac surgery is an emerging trend which has created a need for additional training. Unfortunately, the ideal TEE curriculum has yet to be defined to teach nurse anesthesia providers the cognitive and motor skills that will allow them to efficiently acquire and accurately interpret images for this purpose. The primary aim of this prospective, observational study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a 2-day workshop to teach this skill set to nurse anesthesia students with no prior TEE experience.
Methods
The workshop was based on a focused rescue TEE protocol employing a limited number of views and using a goal-directed, qualitative assessment of critical physiologic parameters. A cohort consisting of 14 second-year nurse anesthesia students was evaluated following this training by quantitative simulator-based testing during hypothetical clinical scenarios. Thereafter, the workshop was assessed by online questionnaire, and quantitative analysis was performed on the results of this qualitative survey.
Results
Participants acquired appropriate TEE views associated with clinical scenarios 99% of the time and correctly interpreted the pathology in those views 93% of the time. In addition, nurse anesthesia trainees uniformly perceived significant educational value in this workshop and were likely to incorporate TEE in their future clinical practice.
Conclusions
A 2-day workshop to teach focused rescue TEE to nurse anesthesia trainees directed by a streamlined protocol based on a limited number of views is feasible and provides useful beginning competency in this diagnostic modality.
Comparison of Renal Growth in Breastfed and Artificial Fed Infants
Authors: Alam Aisha Tariq , Ijaz Iftikhar , Qureshi Muhammad Ahmad , Mukhtar Muhammad Umer , Mehmood Qasim , Abbas Farnaz , Junaid Khunsa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Renal growth in infancy determines renal function in adulthood and can easily be assessed via infant renal volume. Renal growth is influenced by many endogenous and exogenous factors among which nutrition is of prime importance. Worldwide, infants get their nutrition either from breast milk or formula, both of which have controversial roles in kidney growth and development.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was done on healthy infants in Pediatric Nephrology Department of Mayo Hospital, Lahore. These infants were either breastfed or artificially fed and their kidney volumes were noted to determine any significant difference in kidney size. Both informed and written consent was taken before data collection and the data was analyzed using SPSS version 26.
Results: Out of 80 infants included in our study, 55% were male and 45% were female. Mean age was 8.9 months and mean weight was 7.6 kg. Mean total kidney volume was 45.38 cm3 and mean relative kidney volume was 6.12 cm3/kg. No statistical difference in relative renal volume was found between breast fed and artificial fed infants.
Conclusion: The present study aimed to compare the renal volume and thus renal growth in breast fed versus formula fed infants. No statistical significance was found in relative renal volume between breast fed and artificial fed infants.
The product of the PD-L1 expression and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of postoperative recurrence in non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Samejima Hironobu , Kojima Kensuke , Fujiwara Ayako , Tokunaga Toshiteru , Okishio Kyoichi , Yoon Hyungeun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
While the PD-L1 expression and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are prognostic biomarkers for lung cancer, few studies have considered their interaction. We hypothesized that the product of the PD-L1 expression (tumor proportion score) and NLR (PD-L1×NLR) might be a postoperative prognostic marker reflecting the immune microenvironment of lung cancer. We analyzed the association between PD-L1×NLR and the postoperative recurrence-free survival in 616 non-small-cell lung cancer patients using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. In the analysis of PD-L1×NLR as a categorical variable, the group with PD-L1×NLR ≥ 25.8 had a significantly higher hazard ratio (HR) than the group with < 25.8 (HR 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33–2.85). The HR for PD-L1×NLR, considered a continuous variable, was 1.004 (95% CI 1.002–1.006). The risk of postoperative recurrence increased 1.004-fold for each unit increase in PD-L1×NLR, and a more than 2-fold increase in risk was observed for the values of ≥ 170. The PD-L1×NLR may be used in real-world clinical practice as a marker to predict the risk of recurrence after lung cancer surgery.
Big Five Factors of Personality, Impulsivity and Response Inhibition in Aviation Employees
Authors: Roodbandi Akram Sadat Jafari , Choobineh Alireza , Shakerian Mahnaz Mahnaz , Forozanfar Zohreh , Nami Mohammad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background and aim: Working in critical industries including aviation, requires employees to think accurate and fast and to be responsive in conditions of uncertainty. Impulsive and risky behaviors are mostly occured with little thought and in an immature manner leading to response inhibition difficulties. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between personality and impulsivity with response inhibition among aviation employees.
Method: In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, 55 participants were recruited through stratified random sampling method to complete the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and the BIS-11 self-report questionnaire. In addition, participants completed of the Stop Signal Task (SST), which is a computerized test measuring an individual's ability to inhibit a prepared response. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 20.
Results: The SST proportion of successful stops was between 0.5 and 0.86. The SST mean correct reaction time (RT) on go trials was 804 milliseconds. There was an inverse and statistically significant relationship between age and cognitive impulsivity (p=-0.285*, r=0.042). A statistically significant correlation was found between the trait of neuroticism and the score of total impulsivity.
In terms of personality traits, aviation employees tend to be extroverted, relatively compatible, relatively agreeable, and relatively responsible and conscientious. The results showed that a higher score in extroversion and openness to experience is associated with a lower SSRT.
Conclusion:Increasing age can be considered as a protective factor in cognitive impulsivity. There was a trade-off between reaction time and the number of successful inhibitions.