bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Process optimization of vanillin production by conversion of ferulic acid by Bacillus megaterium
Authors: Gou Jingyu , Guo Yuxi , Liu Huan , Zhao Yanni , Zhu Rongjing , Dang Yue , Liu Nannan , Chen Mengyin , Chen Xuefeng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDVanillin is an important flavoring and aromatic ingredient found mainly in the pods of the tropical plant vanilla and is widely used in the food industry. Attempts have been made to produce vanillin from ferulic acid esters in agricultural residues of wheat bran.RESULTSThe results showed that a strain with high tolerance to the substrate ferulic acid was isolated and screened from soil and identified as belonging to the genus Bacillus (Bacillus megaterium). The concentration of vanillin produced by this strain was 0.048 g L−1, and the molar conversion of vanillin was 12.25%. The production of vanillin was optimized by orthogonal experiments. Beef pastes 6.0 g L−1, soybean meal 5.0 g L−1, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 1.0 g L−1, iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate 1.0 g L−1, calcium chloride 1.0 g L−1, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate trihydrate 1.0 g L−1; fermentation culture conditions were pH 7.0, inoculum level 5%, loading volume 20%, ferulic acid 1.0 g L−1, fermentation culture temperature 35 °C. The concentration of vanillin obtained was 0.218 g L−1. Finally, transcriptomic analysis of the strain samples before and after the optimization of the fermentation conditions was carried out to study the effect of the optimization of the fermentation conditions on the concentration of vanillin produced by the strain.CONCLUSIONThis study provides a theoretical basis for further improving the yield of vanillin and gradually realizing efficient industrial production. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
High‐precision laser glass cutting for future display
Authors: Jung Woohyun , Kim Hyungsik , Voronov Alexander , Park Sunggyu , Ryu Jekil , Jeong Seong Ho , Roh Cheol Lae 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAs one of the various attempts to reduce the size of display bezel, high‐precision glass cutting process is required to be developed for future displays. In this study, the Bessel‐beam Laser Cutting (BLC) process has been studied, which is capable of minimizing the thermal deformation of the black matrix (BM) material on glass. In an experimental setup composed of IR ps laser with bessel‐beam optics, the smallest thermal degradation of BM and the highest cutting precision are achieved as 40 and 10 μm, respectively. When reducing thermal effects caused by high‐order beams without sacrificing glass breaking strength, effective heat affected zone (HAZ) could be reduced nearby 30 μm width from the cutting line. This high‐precision cutting technology will contribute to realize extremely narrow bezel display near future.
Preparation of boronic acid and carboxyl‐modified molecularly imprinted polymer and application in a novel chromatography mediated hollow fiber membrane to selectively extract glucose from cellulose hydrolysis
Authors: Liu Jia , Song Qianyi , Zheng Wenqing , Jia Wenhui , Jia Haijiao , Nan Yaqin , Ren Fangfang , Bao James Jianmin , Li Youxin 
Published: April 2022

A novel boronic acid and carboxyl‐modified glucose molecularly imprinted polymer were prepared through suspension polymerization, which is based on 1.0 mmol glucose as a template, 1.2 mmol methacrylamidophenylboronic acid, and 6.8 mmol methacrylic acids as monomers, 19 mmol ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate, and 1 mmol methylene‐bis‐acrylamide as crosslinkers. The prepared glucose‐molecularly imprinted polymer had a particle size of 25–70 μm, and was thermally stable below 215°C, with a specific surface area of 174.82 m2/g and average pore size of 9.48 nm. The best selectivity between glucose and fructose was 2.71 and the maximum adsorption capacity of glucose‐ molecularly imprinted polymer was up to 236.32 mg/g which was consistent with the Langmuir adsorption model. The similar adsorption abilities in six successive runs and the good desorption rate (99.4%) verified glucose‐molecularly imprinted polymer could be reused. It was successfully used for extracting glucose from cellulose hydrolysis. The adsorption amount of glucose was 2.61 mg/mL and selectivity between glucose and xylose reached 4.12. A newly established chromatography (glucose‐molecularly imprinted polymer) mediated hollow fiber membrane method in time separated pure glucose from cellulose hydrolysates on a large scale, and purified glucose solution with a concentration of 3.84 mg/mL was obtained, which offered a feasible way for the industrial production of glucose from cellulose hydrolysates.
Determinacy and regularity properties for idealized forcings
Authors: Ikegami Daisuke 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe show under that every set of reals is I‐regular for any σ‐ideal I on the Baire space such that is proper. This answers the question of Khomskii [7, Question 2.6.5]. We also show that the same conclusion holds under if we additionally assume that the set of Borel codes for I‐positive sets is . If we do not assume , the notion of properness becomes obscure as pointed out by Asperó and Karagila [1]. Using the notion of strong properness similar to the one introduced by Bagaria and Bosch [2], we show under without using that every set of reals is I‐regular for any σ‐ideal I on the Baire space such that is strongly proper assuming every set of reals is ∞‐Borel and there is no ω1‐sequence of distinct reals. In particular, the same conclusion holds in a Solovay model.
Anxiety and social support needs of Chinese women receiving a high‐risk screening result for Down syndrome
Authors: Xiang Jia‐Ming , Gao Ling‐Ling 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and the associations between social support and anxiety symptoms among Chinese pregnant women receiving a high‐risk screening result for Down syndrome.MethodA cross‐sectional study was conducted in Guangzhou, China, from September 2020 to July 2021 among 260 Chinese pregnant women receiving a high‐risk screening result for Down syndrome. Measures included the Self‐Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Social Support Rating Scale.ResultsThe prevalence of anxiety symptoms (SAS ≥50) was 30.8%. Advanced age (≥35 years), education ≤ high school, pregnancy following in vitro fertilization, and low level of social support were predictors of anxiety symptoms.ConclusionThe results suggest that early routine screening for anxiety symptoms should be carried out among Chinese pregnant women receiving a high‐risk screening result for Down syndrome. The importance of social support and the role it can play in decreasing anxiety should be discussed with patients.
POEML: a Process Orchestration, Execution, and Modeling Language
Authors: Hachemi Asma , Ahmed‐Nacer Mohamed 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMany software process modeling languages are available today, but the majority do not meet the community's expectations. They are complex, difficult for enactment, and so forth. After studying the state of the art, we asked this research question: Is it possible to have an easy to read and use Software Process Modeling Language (SPML), which is abstract enough but also expressive enough to suit different domains of process modeling and allowing the orchestration and execution of the process models it expressed? Our contribution consists in answering this question by defining Process Orchestration, Execution and Modeling Language (POEML), an SPML that supports the static process modeling and also the dynamic aspects of orchestration and execution. This language is governed by a metamodel, according to MDE principles, and provides graphic notation and a support tool. Its demonstration involves a benchmark that assesses the applicability of the language. We evaluate our language through a set of SPMLs quality criteria. Our contribution is discussed in terms of adopted choices and is compared with different related works. POEML contributes to software processes practice by linking modelization to execution while compensating some gaps still posed in SPMLs, which is an important improvement in this field.
Cognitive and physical benefits of a game‐like dual‐task exercise among the oldest nursing home residents in Japan
Authors: Yoon Jieun , Isoda Hiroko , Ueda Tetsuya , Okura Tomohiro 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionDual‐task (DT) exercise can act as a substitute, which can help improve both physical and cognitive functions. Thus, this study investigated the effects of a game‐like cognitive DT exercise called “Synapsology” (SYNAP) among the oldest residents of a nursing home.MethodsParticipants (aged 85–97 years) were assigned to the intervention group (n = 12) and the control group (n = 12). The intervention group underwent 60‐minute sessions, twice a week for 24 weeks.ResultsA comparison of the Mini‐Mental State Examination scores and six physical function tests, before and after the intervention, shows that the SYNAP had a positive impact on the cognitive and physical functions among the intervention group.DiscussionThese findings suggest that SYNAP may help maintain or improve cognitive and physical functions among older adults compared to no interventions. Therefore, SYNAP would act as a beneficial tool amidst a “superaging” society like Japan.
Semileptonic tau decays beyond the Standard Model
Authors: Cirigliano Vincenzo , Díaz-Calderón David , Falkowski Adam , González-Alonso Martín , Rodríguez-Sánchez Antonio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHadronicτdecays are studied as probe of new physics. We determine the dependence of several inclusive and exclusiveτobservables on the Wilson coefficients of the low-energy effective theory describing charged-current interactions between light quarks and leptons. The analysis includes both strange and non-strange decay channels. The main result is the likelihood function for the Wilson coefficients in the tau sector, based on the up-to-date experimental measurements and state-of-the-art theoretical techniques. The likelihood can be readily combined with inputs from other low-energy precision observables. We discuss a combination with nuclear beta, baryon, pion, and kaon decay data. In particular, we provide a comprehensive and model-independent description of the new physics hints in the combined dataset, which are known under the name of the Cabibbo anomaly.
Diagnostic and prognostic role of TFF3, Romo-1, NF-кB and SFRP4 as biomarkers for endometrial and ovarian cancers: a prospective observational translational study
Authors: Turan Hasan , Vitale Salvatore Giovanni , Kahramanoglu Ilker , Della Corte Luigi , Giampaolino Pierluigi , Azemi Asli , Durmus Sinem , Sal Veysel , Tokgozoglu Nedim , Bese Tugan , Arvas Macit , Demirkiran Fuat , Gelisgen Remise , Ilvan Sennur , Uzun Hafize 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (sFRP4), reactive oxygen species modulator 1 (Romo1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) as diagnostic and prognostic markers of endometrial cancer (EC) and ovarian cancer (OC).

Methods
Thirty-one patients with EC and 30 patients with OC undergone surgical treatment were enrolled together with 30 healthy controls in a prospective study. Commercial ELISA kits determined serum TFF-3, Romo-1, NF-кB and sFRP-4 concentrations.

Results
Serum TFF-3, Romo-1 and NF-кB levels were significantly higher in patients with EC and OC than those without cancer. Regarding EC, none of the serum biomarkers differs significantly between endometrial and non-endometrioid endometrial carcinomas. Mean serum TFF-3 and NF-кB levels were significantly higher in advanced stages. Increased serum levels of TFF-3 and NF-кB were found in those with a higher grade of the disease. Regarding OC, none of the serum biomarkers differed significantly among histological subtypes. Significantly increased serum levels of NF-кB were observed in patients with advanced-stage OC than those with stage I and II diseases. No difference in serum biomarker levels was found between those who had a recurrence and those who had not. The sensibility and specificity of these four biomarkers in discriminating EC and OC from the control group showed encouraging values, although no one reached 70%.

Conclusions
TFF-3, Romo-1, NF-кB and SFRP4 could represent new diagnostic and prognostic markers for OC and EC. Further studies are needed to validate our results.
Pain levels during distraction osteogenesis with lengthening nails in 168 cases
Authors: Degen Nikolaus , de Almeida Lopes N. , Wolf F. , Fürmetz J. , Euler E. , Böcker W. , Thaller P. H. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To firstly examine the pain levels during distraction osteogenesis (DO) with lengthening nails (LN) in a large sample.

Methods
A total of 168 cases underwent DO of the tibia or femur with five different models of LN. Under a standardized medical regime, daily pain levels were noted as nominal rating scale (NRS) score (0–10) during the distraction phase. NRS scores and several potential influence factors (LN model, bone, approach, side, age, gender) were evaluated.

Results
The mean distraction length was 39.1 ± 14.4 mm. The average NRS score decreased from postoperative day 1 with 2.84 nonlinearly by 1.03 points (36.3%) over the course of 62 days to an average score of 1.81. The mean decrease during the first thirty days was 0.67(23.6%). Subgroup analysis did not reveal any influence factors.

Conclusion
Pain levels during the distraction phase are overall low, continuously decreasing, and well manageable with mostly non-opioid analgesics.
Sedimentological data-driven bottom friction parameter estimation in modelling Bristol Channel tidal dynamics
Authors: Warder Simon C. , Angeloudis Athanasios , Piggott Matthew D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAccurately representing the bottom friction effect is a significant challenge in numerical tidal models. Bottom friction effects are commonly defined via parameter estimation techniques. However, the bottom friction coefficient (BFC) can be related to the roughness of the sea bed. Therefore, sedimentological data can be beneficial in estimating BFCs. Taking the Bristol Channel and Severn Estuary as a case study, we perform a number of BFC parameter estimation experiments, utilising sedimentological data in a variety of ways. Model performance is explored through the results of each parameter estimation experiment, including applications to tidal range and tidal stream resource assessment. We find that theoretically derived sediment-based BFCs are in most cases detrimental to model performance. However, good performance is obtained by retaining the spatial information provided by the sedimentological data in the formulation of the parameter estimation experiment; the spatially varying BFC can be represented as a piecewise-constant field following the spatial distribution of the observed sediment types. By solving the resulting low-dimensional parameter estimation problem, we obtain good model performance as measured against tide gauge data. This approach appears well suited to modelling tidal range energy resource, which is of particular interest in the case study region. However, the applicability of this approach for tidal stream resource assessment is limited, since modelled tidal currents exhibit a strong localised response to the BFC; the use of piecewise-constant (and therefore discontinuous) BFCs is found to be detrimental to model performance for tidal currents.
The cure from within? a review of the microbiome and diet in melanoma
Authors: Kumar Priyanka , Brazel Danielle , DeRogatis Julia , Valerin Jennifer B. Goldstein , Whiteson Katrine , Chow Warren A. , Tinoco Roberto , Moyers Justin T. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTherapy for cutaneous melanoma, the deadliest of the skin cancers, is inextricably linked to the immune system. Once thought impossible, cures for metastatic melanoma with immune checkpoint inhibitors have been developed within the last decade and now occur regularly in the clinic. Unfortunately, half of tumors do not respond to checkpoint inhibitors and efforts to further exploit the immune system are needed. Tantalizing associations with immune health and gut microbiome composition suggest we can improve the success rate of immunotherapy. The gut contains over half of the immune cells in our bodies and increasingly, evidence is linking the immune system within our gut to melanoma development and treatment. In this review, we discuss the importance the skin and gut microbiome may play in the development of melanoma. We examine the differences in the microbial populations which inhabit the gut of those who develop melanoma and subsequently respond to immunotherapeutics. We discuss the role of dietary intake on the development and treatment of melanoma. And finally, we review the landscape of published and registered clinical trials therapeutically targeting the microbiome in melanoma through dietary supplements, fecal microbiota transplant, and microbial supplementation.
“I’m not listening to my teacher, I’m listening to my computer”: online learning, disengagement, and the impact of COVID-19 on French university students
Authors: Branchu Charlotte , Flaureau Erwin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In a French context where universities are thought of and analysed as “weak institutions” that leave learners to themselves, the effects of the pandemic present great risks to students who already face structural obstacles to their education. This qualitative paper is based on the experience of 19 students in a typical non-selective university in France, who have disengaged or have thought of dropping out during the pandemic. We examine how lockdowns and distance learning have impacted French students’ learning and living conditions unequally, unpacking ideas of student engagement and disengagement through a sociological lens looks at students within their social context and places importance on the role of institutions in “holding” students. By unpacking our participants’ narratives, we address the implications of online learning for educational justice and the long-term opportunities of students. Our analysis shows that students’ well-being and learning are entangled with an attachment to the institution, with seeing the worth, purpose, and recognition for what they do and the importance of emplaced learning to do so. We therefore highlight the importance of recognition and regulation in the learning process itself. Our findings allow us to also offer nuance to existing research and discourse about the French university system being a “weak” institution that forces individuals to be autonomous. The article also points to the strategies employed by students and teachers with a view to maintain engagement that contribute to considering solutions to help student retention for the sector as a whole and in our pedagogical practice.
A retrospective study of the efficacy of JAK inhibitors or abatacept on rheumatoid arthritis-interstitial lung disease
Authors: Tardella Marika , Di Carlo Marco , Carotti Marina , Ceccarelli Luca , Giovagnoni Andrea , Salaffi Fausto 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To examine the effectiveness of Janus-kinase inhibitors (JAKis) or abatacept (ABA) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD).

Methods
Patients with RA-ILD receiving JAKis or ABA were retrospectively evaluated at baseline and after 18 months of treatment. A computer-aided method (CaM) was used to assess the extent of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) fibrosis percentage. According to HRCT fibrosis changes, patients were classified as “worsened” (progression of 15% or more), “stable” (changes within 15%) or “improved” (reduction of 15% or more). Correlations between RA characteristics and JAKis or ABA responses were studied using a multivariate regression model.

Results
Seventy-five patients (69.3% women) were evaluated, 31 received a JAKi while 44 received ABA. In the JAKis group, five patients (16.1%) showed RA-ILD progression, 20 patients (64.5%) were considered stable, and six patients (19.4%) demonstrated RA-ILD improvement. In the ABA group, five patients (11.3%) showed RA-ILD progression, 32 patients (72.7%) were stable, and seven patients (16.0%) demonstrated RA-ILD improvement. In both groups, the percentage of current smokers was different between those classified as "worsened" and those classified as "improved/stable" (p = 0.01). In multivariate regression analysis, current smoking habit (p = 0.0051) and concomitant methotrexate treatment (p = 0.0078) were the two variables related to RA-ILD progression in ABA-treated patients, whereas in JAKis-treated patients, the only RA-ILD progression-related variable was disease duration of RA (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Treatment with JAKis or ABA was related to stability or improvement of RA-ILD in 83.9% and 88.6% of patients, respectively. RA duration is the only variable associated with worsening RA-ILD in JAKis-treated patients.
The ac conduction mechanism and dielectric relaxation behavior of amorphous Te81Ge15Bi4 chalcogenide glass thin films
Authors: El-Metwally E. G. , Hegab N. A. , Mostfa M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractVarious chalcogenide amorphous films of Te81Ge15Bi4 in the range (143–721 nm) were synthesized using the thermal evaporation technique. The ac electrical conductivity $${\sigma }_{ac}\left(\omega \right)$$

σ

ac

ω

and dielectric measurements were examined for the studied films over the temperature and frequency ranges of (303–393 K) and (100 Hz–1 MHz), respectively. The obtained results of ac conductivity $${\sigma }_{ac}\left(\omega \right)$$

σ

ac

ω

are temperature dependent and follow the relation $${\sigma }_{ac}\left(\omega \right)\propto {\omega }^{s}$$

σ

ac

ω

∝

ω

s

, where the frequency exponent $$s$$
s
decrements with temperature through the examined range. These results of $${\sigma }_{ac}\left(\omega \right)$$

σ

ac

ω

and $$s$$
s
are explained based on the correlated barrier hopping CBH model. Values of ac activation energy $$\Delta {E}_{\sigma }\left(\omega \right)$$

Δ

E
σ

ω

show thickness independence and decrease from 0.270 to 0.144 eV as the frequency increases. The estimated maximum barrier height $${W}_{M}$$

W
M

values decrement with temperature in the considered frequency range. The density of localized states near the Fermi level $$N\left({E}_{F}\right)$$

N

E
F

increases with increasing temperature and frequency. The dielectric constant $${\varepsilon }_{1}(\omega )$$

ε
1

(
ω
)

and loss $${\varepsilon }_{2}(\omega )$$

ε
2

(
ω
)

were found to increment with temperature and decrement with frequency. The obtained results indicate that $${\sigma }_{ac}\left(\omega \right)$$

σ

ac

ω

, $$N\left({E}_{F}\right)$$

N

E
F

, $${\varepsilon }_{1}\left(\omega \right)$$

ε
1

ω

and $${\varepsilon }_{2}\left(\omega \right)$$

ε
2

ω

are enhanced by decreasing the thickness of the film sample in the investigated ranges of temperature and frequency. The real $${M}_{1}(\omega )$$

M
1

(
ω
)

and imaginary $${M}_{2}(\omega )$$

M
2

(
ω
)

parts of the electric modulus were studied for the films under test, and the value of the activation energy for relaxation $$\Delta {E}_{r}$$

Δ

E
r

(0.143 ± 0.002 eV) is thickness independent in the investigated range.