bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why do people engage in violent tactics during a protest campaign? Understanding radical activist through regionalist mobilizations in Chile
Authors: Medel Rodrigo M. , Asún Rodrigo A. , Zúñiga Claudia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis article seeks to better understand the differences between radical and moderate activists who come from the same mobilization process.MethodsUsing an original survey data of participants in a regionalist movement in Chile, we employed latent class analysis on 15 different tactics. We found support for a radical, a moderate, and a non‐activist profile. Next, we applied multinomial logistic regression models to explain differences both for recruitment (moderate and radical in reference to inactive class) and for participation (radical in reference to moderate class).ResultsThe participants who engaged in radical action were the youngest, the most embedded in activist networks, and those with the strongest perception of self‐efficacy.ConclusionsThese results contrast with previous evidence that associates participation in violent actions with a low perception of efficacy, isolated groups, and behavioral specialization. We argue that these differences derive from the context of our study, which can be equated to the initial phases of a protest cycle.
Disfunciones sexuales en mujeres con obesidad en el Quindío, Colombia. 2016-2019. Estudio de prevalencia
Authors: Espitia De La Hoz Franklin José 
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: evaluar la prevalencia de disfunciones sexuales en mujeres con obesidad, en el Quindío (Colombia).
Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal. Se incluyeron 234 mujeres mayores de 18 años y menores de 40 años, con pareja estable y actividad sexual en las últimas 6 semanas, y obesidad, residentes en el Quindío; atendidas en una clínica privada de nivel III. Entre 2016 y 2019. Se utilizó como instrumento el índice de función sexual femenina (IFSF) Se realizó muestreo aleatorio simple. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo.
Resultados: La edad media de la población participante fue de 35,79 ± 8,41 años (mínimo: 18 y máximo: 39). La puntuación del IFSF en la población total tuvo una media de 22,65 ± 7,61 puntos (mínimo: 19,08 y máximo: 28,22); mientras que en las mujeres afectadas fue de 24,07 ± 6,18 puntos (mínimo: 19,08 y máximo: 26,45). La prevalencia de disfunciones sexuales alcanzó el 65,81%; observándose alteración del deseo (65,81%), seguida por trastornos del orgasmo (41,88%), insatisfacción sexual (39,31%), dificultades con la excitación (26,92%), la lubricación (25,21%) y dolor / dispareunia (11,96%). La mediana de disfunciones sexuales, en el grupo de las mujeres afectadas fue de 3, la cual se observó en el 71,36%.
Conclusiones: en las mujeres con obesidad en el Quindío, se evidenció una alta prevalencia de disfunciones sexuales, correspondiente a las 2/3 partes de las participantes, predominando las alteraciones del deseo y trastornos del orgasmo. Se requiere evaluar los efectos de la obesidad en mujeres de diferentes regiones del país e implementar intervenciones a fin de conocer su impacto en la función sexual de las mujeres. Se debe prestar atención a los problemas sexuales que enfrentan las pacientes con obesidad a fin de mejorar su calidad de vida.
Accesibilidad a productos de higiene de manos, uso de gel antibacterial y satisfacción de adultos durante la COVID-19
Authors: Tejada Muñoz Sonia , Chávez Quintana Segundo_Grimaldo , Díaz Manchay Rosa_Jeuna , Huyhua Gutierrez Sonia Celedonia , Coronel Zubiate Franz_Tito , Herrera García Yamira Iraisa , Gonzales Paco Edwin 
Published: August 2022

Resumen
El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la asociación entre accesibilidad a los productos de higiene de manos, uso de gel antibacterial y satisfacción de adultos del Asentamiento Humano 16 de octubre de la ciudad de Chachapoyas. El estudio fue cuantitativo, diseño relacional, prospectivo, transversal y analítico, cuya muestra estuvo representada por 46 adultos, elegidos por muestreo no probabilístico intencionado. Se encontró que el 54,3% de adultos consideran caro el precio de productos de higiene de manos, el 67,4% gasta entre 5 a 10 soles por semana, el 69,6% tiene agua dentro de su hogar sin embargo el 60,9% tiene solamente agua no potabilizada. Respecto al lavado de manos, un 54,3% lo hace en caño y lavatorio y el resto usa balde y/o jarra. Asimismo, el 45% nunca usó gel antibacterial, el 30,4% siempre y el 23,9% algunas veces. Respecto a la satisfacción del uso del gel antibacterial el 43,5% está poco satisfecho, el 29% satisfecho, el 15,2% muy satisfecho y el 2,2% nada satisfecho. Concluyendo que existe asociación entre el uso del gel antibacterial y la satisfacción de los adultos mayores. (P = 0,000).
Intervenciones basadas en mindfulness para el manejo de pacientes con dolor
Authors: Rezk Schuler Gabriel Salim , Badoui Rodriguez Nora 
Published: August 2022

Introducción: El dolor es un síntoma complejo y multicausal generando incapacidad, compromiso en la calidad de vida, y altos costos al sistema de salud. Las estrategias de atención plena son una posible alternativa terapéutica por lo que resulta necesario identificar la evidencia existente sobre este tipo de intervenciones en diferentes tipos de dolor.
Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda y selección de la literatura en bases de datos Cochrane, Embase, SciELO, Pubmed, Ebsco, Lilacs, BMJ, Scopus y ScienceDirect limitando a idiomas inglés y español, publicados entre los años 2010 y 2020.
Resultados: La evidencia en dolor agudo es discordante, aunque algunos estudios encuentran resultados favorables. Hay efectos positivos significativos para dolor en enfermedades con sensibilización central. En dolor crónico oncológico no hay evidencia para reducción de dolor pero sí en calidad de vida.
En población infantil y joven, la falta de madurez del sistema nervioso central puede ser causa de la ausencia de efecto de estas intervenciones. Conclusiones: Las intervenciones basadas en mindfulness son seguras y tienen un efecto benéfico en el dolor crónico no oncológico en adultos. Pueden tener un rol adyuvante en el tratamiento usual. Se requiere de investigación en dolor agudo y en dolor en niños y adolescentes.
Morbilidad y mortalidad en recién nacidos pretérmino menores de 32 semanas en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatal de la ciudad de Bogotá (Colombia)
Authors: Puello Ávila Antonio Carlos , Laiseca Torres Edgar Felipe 
Published: August 2022

Introducción: Los desenlaces neonatales adversos se asocian a un gran costo económico a los sistemas de salud. Existe una preocupación creciente por la relación directamente proporcional entre el número de sobrevivientes y las tasas de discapacidad de los recién nacidos prematuros. El objetivo fue describir la morbilidad y la mortalidad en recién nacidos menores de 32 semanas de edad gestacional y determinar los factores asociados. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de corte transversal con componente analítico, que incluyó todos los recién nacidos pretérmino menores de 32 semanas de edad gestacional, que nacieron entre enero de 2018 y diciembre de 2020 y que continuaron su seguimiento en el programa Madre Canguro de la misma institución. Resultados: Se identificaron 108 recién nacidos. Los principales desenlaces fueron displasia broncopulmonar con una frecuencia del 85,9% entre los sobrevivientes y una mortalidad global del 27,7%. Se resalta la gran fuerza de asociación entre el choque séptico y el fallecimiento (ORa=275; p= 0,004); en ese mismo sentido, la edad gestacional (ORa=83,3; p= 0,004). Conclusiones: La incidencia de DBP en los pretérminos menores de 32 semanas es alta, constituyendo la morbilidad más importante en este grupo, con una mortalidad global significativa asociada. En términos de mortalidad la probabilidad de morir en estos recién nacidos, está explicada por menor edad gestacional (<28 semanas), nivel de hemoglobina más bajo, mayor necesidad de transfusiones, y la presencia de choque séptico. Palabras claves: Morbilidad; Mortalidad; Pretérminos; Neonatos (Fuente DeCS).
Percepción de la experiencia académica teórica de los residentes de especialidades médico-quirúrgicas durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en un hospital universitario de alta complejidad
Authors: Galvis Navarrete Silvia Helena , Grueso Angulo Reinaldo , Torregrosa Almonacid Lilian 
Published: August 2022

La pandemia por COVID-19 generó profundos cambios en los procesos de aprendizaje y de educación médica. Estos cambios fueron facilitados, en muchos de los casos, por herramientas de aprendizaje virtual. Sin duda alguna estas herramientas fueron de gran ayuda para garantizar la continuidad de los procesos de aprendizaje, sin embargo, es innegable que constituyen una alternativa que no reemplaza la adquisición de habilidades en los escenarios clínicos. Estos cambios adquieren un mayor significado cuando hablamos de los escenarios de práctica clínica en hospitales, debido principalmente a las restricciones generadas por la pandemia, donde el acceso a pacientes y procedimientos quirúrgicos se vieron significativamente afectados o disminuidos. Esta diminución tuvo un impacto directo sobre el proceso de formación de los residentes de especialidades médico-quirúrgicas a nivel mundial. En este sentido, surgió la necesidad de conocer la percepción de los residentes de las diferentes especialidades médico-quirúrgicas, frente a los cambios generados por la pandemia por COVID-19 en su formación académica. Se realizó una encuesta a los residentes del Hospital Universitario San Ignacio para conocer su percepción. En este artículo exponemos la experiencia de un hospital universitario de alta complejidad, el cual es escenario de practica de más de 30 programas de especialidades médicas.
Hybrid Positioning Approach for Context-Aware Indoor Navigation of Visually Impaired People
Authors: Rathnayake Sachintha M. , Wimalaratne Prasad , Silva Chathurika S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Indoor localization for visually impaired persons is an open research problem, and individual localization approaches have failed to provide accurate results in the literature. Therefore, this paper presents a context-aware navigation approach for visually impaired persons using a hybrid localization approach. The proposed approach consists of four main modules, indoor localization, context detection, wayfinding, and feedback. The hybrid localization approach is based on the geomagnetic fields and Bluetooth low energy (BLE). Contextual information such as nearby locations and landmarks were obtained using geolocation-based augmented reality with a pre-deployed map and point of interest (POI). Voice and tactile were used to give feedback. Usability evaluation of the overall proof of concept (POC) prototype has shown promising results in context detection, wayfinding, and navigation. The average distance error of the hybrid localization algorithm has given an average 2.72 m distance error. Evaluation of the way findings give the average hit rate is 75.19%, and the miss rate is 24.81%. Usability evaluation results show that the proposed algorithm improves the context-awareness of the visually impaired indoor navigation.
Unsteady Analysis of Aeroengine Intake Distortion Mechanisms: Vortex Dynamics in Crosswind Conditions
Authors: Rao Anirudh Narayan , Sureshkumar Prathiban , Stapelfeldt Sina , Lad Bharat , Lee Kuen-Bae , Rico Ricardo Puente 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The formation of a ground vortex and its ingestion into an aero-engine intake under crosswind conditions play a significant role in the aerodynamic excitation of the fan. Using steady and unsteady numerical simulations, an analysis of the dynamics of several distortion features is presented. For a simplified intake at high crosswind velocities, there is a substantial movement of the ingested ground vortex at the aerodynamic interface plane (AIP). The ingested ground vortex follows a specific trajectory while varying both in size and strength. The transition from a periodic to an aperiodic regime of the intake distortion at the AIP occurs as the crosswind velocity is increased. Circumferential mode decomposition shows that the largest amplitude of the distortion occurs at the first circumferential mode, and the amplitudes of the higher modes decrease monotonically. Furthermore, the amplitude of the spatial harmonics is time-dependent, which may be an influential feature at the time of assessing fan forced response.
Data-Driven Prediction of Complex Flow Field Over an Axisymmetric Body of Revolution Using Machine Learning
Authors: Panda J. P. , Warrior H. V. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Computationally efficient and accurate simulations of the flow over axisymmetric bodies of revolution (ABR) have been an important desideratum for engineering design. In this article, the flow field over an ABR is predicted using machine learning (ML) algorithms (e.g., random forest (RF), artificial neural network (ANN), and convolutional neural network (CNN)) using trained ML models as surrogates for classical computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approaches. The data required for the development of the ML models were obtained from high fidelity Reynolds stress transport model (RSTM)-based simulations. The flow field is approximated as functions of x and y coordinates of locations in the flow field and the velocity at the inlet of the computational domain. The optimal hyperparameters of the trained ML models are determined using validation. The trained ML models can predict the flow field rapidly and exhibit orders of magnitude speedup over conventional CFD approaches. The predicted results of pressure, velocity, and turbulence kinetic energy are compared with the baseline CFD data. It is found that the ML-based surrogate model predictions are as accurate as CFD results. This investigation offers a framework for fast and accurate predictions for a flow scenario that is critically important in engineering design.
Trajectory Envelope of a Subsea Shuttle Tanker Hovering in Stochastic Ocean Current—Model Development and Tuning
Authors: Ma Yucong , Xing Yihan , Sui Dan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A subsea shuttle tanker (SST) concept for liquid carbon dioxide transportation was recently proposed to support studies evaluating the ultra-efficient underwater cargo submarine concept. One important topic is the position keeping ability of SST during the offloading process. In this process, the SST hovers above the well and connects with the wellhead using a flowline. This process takes around 4 h. Ocean currents can cause tremendous drag forces on the subsea shuttle tanker during this period. The flow velocities over hydroplanes are low throughout this process, and the generated lift forces are generally insufficient to maintain the SST’s depth. The ballast tanks cannot provide such fast actuation to cope with the fluctuation of the current. It is envisioned that tunnel thrusters that can provide higher frequency actuation are required. This paper develops a maneuvering model and designs a linear quadratic regulator that facilitates the SST station-keeping problem in stochastic current. As case studies, the SST footprints at 0.5 m/s, 1.0 m/s, and 1.5 m/s mean current speeds are presented. Numerical results show that the designed hovering control system can ensure the SST’s stationary during offloading. The required thrust from thrusters and the propeller are presented. The presented model can serve as a basis for obtaining a more efficient design of the SST and provide recommendations for the SST operation.
Effect of Flapping Trajectory and Interfoil Distance on Propulsive Performance of a Tandem Flapping Foil
Authors: Swain Prafulla Kumar , Naga Sai Abhishikt Challa Balaji , Alekhya Ganti Naga , Dora Siva Prasad , Barik Ashok K. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the present research, a 2D simulation of tandem flapping foil following an elliptical trajectory, i.e., altered from a simple flapping trajectory is performed. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the influence of the trajectory motion of the tandem flapping foil on hydrodynamics characteristics and propulsive efficiency. The study is carried out with tandem foil configurations as in such position, both the foils are subjected to the same flow, which allows the flapping foil to enhance the propulsive efficiencies with proper selection of foil position as well as the foil trajectory. The 2D simulation is carried out with NACA 0012 at Re = 1173 by varying Strouhal number (St) between 0.2 and 0.5. The results show that an elliptical motion trajectory pattern and interfoil spacing of 1cm–2cm (where cm is the mean chord length) between the foils would enhance the propulsive efficiency whereas an unfavorable spacing between the foils causes unfavorable wake interaction, which reduces propulsive efficiency as compared to solo flapping foil. When the results of the current numerical investigation of elliptical trajectory are compared to the results of simple trajectory tandem flapping, the current study shows a significant increase in propulsive efficiency. This study gives new insights in the development of biomimetic propulsors, as it strives to improve propulsive efficiency through the usage of wake vortex.
Numerical Approach on Oblique Wave Scattering by a Wide Rectangular Impediment With a Vent Placed Under a Finite Depth Water Body With Ice-Covered Surface
Authors: Samanta Anushree , Chakraborty Rumpa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the scattering of obliquely incident surface water waves on a hurdle as a form of a thick symmetric wall with a gap immersed in a finite depth water body having a cover of a thin ice sheet. In the context of the linear theory of water waves, this two-dimensional problem is formulated as a first-kind integral equation by splitting the velocity potential into symmetric and antisymmetric parts. The integral equation is tackled by using two numerical methods. The first method is the boundary element method where the range of integration is divided into a finite number of small line elements, and choosing the unknown function of the integral equation as constant in each line interval, we reduce the integral equation into a linear system of an algebraic equation. The second method is the multi-term Galerkin Approximation method where the basis functions are chosen as ultraspherical Gegenbauer polynomials to reduce the integral equation to a system of an algebraic equation. These systems of equations are then solved to obtain the unknown function of the integral equation in both methods. Here, very accurate numerical estimates are obtained for the reflection coefficient by both methods which are depicted graphically against the wave number for different parameters involving this problem. Also, there is a good agreement between the results of the reflection coefficient by the two methods.
A Patch-Based Flow Field Reconstruction Method for Particle Image Velocimetry Data of Multistage Centrifugal Pumps
Authors: Xin Jiage , Tong Zheming , Zhu Weina 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Particle image velocimetry (PIV) technology, which performs the full-field velocity measurement on the laser plane, plays a crucial role in studying complex flow structures in multistage centrifugal pumps. In particle image cross-correlation analysis, the flow field could be corrupted with outliers due to the background Gaussian imaging noise, insufficient illumination caused by optical obstruction, and particle slip caused by centrifugal forces. In this study, we propose a patch-based flow field reconstruction (PFFR) method for PIV data of multistage centrifugal pumps. Since natural images contain a large number of mutually similar patches at different locations, the instantaneous PIV data with a symmetric property is segmented to multiple patches. The flow field reconstruction is achieved by low-rank sparse decomposition, which exploits the information about similar flow characteristics present in patches. Furthermore, we illustrated the proposed PFFR on a large eddy simulation vorticity field and experimental data of a multistage centrifugal pump to evaluate its effectiveness. We also performed the three other data analysis methods. The results show that the proposed PFFR has a strong reconstruction ability to improve data reliability for the instantaneous flow field with outliers. When the outliers account for 20% of the total flow vectors, the average normalized root-mean-square error of PFFR-reconstructed data is 0.143, which is lower than the three other data methods by 21.9%–48.1%. The structural similarity is 0.702, which is higher than the three other data methods by 2.1%–9%.
Physiological Responses and Performance During a 3-Minute Cycle Time Trial: Standard Paced Versus All-Out Paced
Authors: Dobler Florian , Bachl Philipp , Stöggl Thomas , Andersson Erik P. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To compare performance and physiological responses between a standard-paced 3-minute time trial (TTSP, ie, pacing based on normal intention) and a consistently all-out-paced 3-minute time trial (TTAOP). Methods: Sixteen well-trained male cyclists completed the TTSP and TTAOP, on separate days of testing, on a cycling ergometer with power output and respiratory variables measured. Time trials were preceded by 7 × 4-minute submaximal stages of increasing intensity with the linear relationship between power output and metabolic rate used to estimate the contribution from aerobic and anaerobic energy resources. The time course of anaerobic and aerobic contributions to power output was analyzed using statistical parametric mapping. Results: Mean power output was not different between the 2 pacing strategies (TTSP = 417 [43] W, TTAOP = 423 [41] W; P = 0.158). TTAOP resulted in higher peak power output (P < .001), mean ventilation rate (P < .001), mean heart rate (P = .044), peak accumulated anaerobically attributable work (P = .026), post-time-trial blood lactate concentration (P = .035), and rating of perceived exertion (P = .036). Statistical parametric mapping revealed a higher anaerobic contribution to power output during the first ∼30 seconds and a lower contribution between ∼90 and 170 seconds for TTAOP than TTSP. The aerobic contribution to power output was higher between ∼55 and 75 seconds for TTAOP. Conclusions: Although there was no significant difference in performance (ie, mean power output) between the 2 pacing strategies, differences were found in the distribution of anaerobically and aerobically attributable power output. This implies that athletes can pace a 3-minute maximal effort very differently but achieve the same result.