bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics in blood donors and COVID-19 epidemiology in eight Brazilian state capitals: A serial cross-sectional study
Authors: Prete Carlos A , Buss Lewis F , Whittaker Charles , Salomon Tassila , Oikawa Marcio K , Pereira Rafael HM , Moura Isabel CG , Delerino Lucas , Barral-Netto Manoel , Tavares Natalia M , Franca Rafael FO , Boaventura Viviane S , Miyajima Fabio , Mendrone-Junior Alfredo , de Almeida-Neto Cesar , Salles Nanci A , Ferreira Suzete C , Fladzinski Karine A , de Souza Luana M , Schier Luciane K , Inoue Patricia M , Xabregas Lilyane A , Crispim Myuki AE , Fraiji Nelson , Araujo Fernando LV , Carlos Luciana MB , Pessoa Veridiana , Ribeiro Maisa A , de Souza Rosenvaldo E , da Silva Sônia MN , Cavalcante Anna F , Valença Maria IB , da Silva Maria V , Lopes Esther , Filho Luiz A , Mateos Sheila OG , Nunes Gabrielle T , Silva-Junior Alexander L , Busch Michael P , Castro Marcia C , Dye Christopher , Ratmann Oliver , Faria Nuno R , Nascimento Vítor H , Sabino Ester C 
Published: September 2022

Background:The COVID-19 situation in Brazil is complex due to large differences in the shape and size of regional epidemics. Understanding these patterns is crucial to understand future outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 or other respiratory pathogens in the country.Methods:We tested 97,950 blood donation samples for IgG antibodies from March 2020 to March 2021 in 8 of Brazil’s most populous cities. Residential postal codes were used to obtain representative samples. Weekly age- and sex-specific seroprevalence were estimated by correcting the crude seroprevalence by test sensitivity, specificity, and antibody waning.Results:The inferred attack rate of SARS-CoV-2 in December 2020, before the Gamma variant of concern (VOC) was dominant, ranged from 19.3% (95% credible interval [CrI] 17.5–21.2%) in Curitiba to 75.0% (95% CrI 70.8–80.3%) in Manaus. Seroprevalence was consistently smaller in women and donors older than 55 years. The age-specific infection fatality rate (IFR) differed between cities and consistently increased with age. The infection hospitalisation rate increased significantly during the Gamma-dominated second wave in Manaus, suggesting increased morbidity of the Gamma VOC compared to previous variants circulating in Manaus. The higher disease penetrance associated with the health system’s collapse increased the overall IFR by a minimum factor of 2.91 (95% CrI 2.43–3.53).Conclusions:These results highlight the utility of blood donor serosurveillance to track epidemic maturity and demonstrate demographic and spatial heterogeneity in SARS-CoV-2 spread.Funding:This work was supported by Itaú Unibanco ‘Todos pela Saude’ program; FAPESP (grants 18/14389-0, 2019/21585-0); Wellcome Trust and Royal Society Sir Henry Dale Fellowship 204311/Z/16/Z; the Gates Foundation (INV- 034540 and INV-034652); REDS-IV-P (grant HHSN268201100007I); the UK Medical Research Council (MR/S0195/1, MR/V038109/1); CAPES; CNPq (304714/2018-6); Fundação Faculdade de Medicina; Programa Inova Fiocruz-CE/Funcap - Edital 01/2020 Number: FIO-0167-00065.01.00/20 SPU N°06531047/2020; JBS – Fazer o bem faz bem.
ECOS DA ILÍADA NO SERTÃO -
Authors: Gassani Sergio de Menezes Andraus 
Published: September 2022

Neste trabalho analisamos equiparações entre uma assembleia dos reis gregos homéricos no assédio de Troia, e uma reunião dos chefes jagunços para julgar um prisioneiro em Grande Sertão: Veredas. Vemos os discursos dos personagens dessas obras como permeados pela construção moral de honra heroica. Interpretamos diferenças nas manifestações desse éthosno poema homérico e no romance brasileiro, conforme um sistema de valores em cujos extremos veríamos força e fraqueza substituídas por noções de bem e mal. Veríamos a vigência do valor heroico em ambos contextos, e com ele a tentativa do homem de se imortalizar inscrevendo o próprio nome na memória coletiva.
Differences in Cancer Phenotypes Among Frequent CHEK2 Variants and Implications for Clinical Care—Checking CHEK2
Authors: Bychkovsky Brittany L. , Agaoglu Nihat B. , Horton Carolyn , Zhou Jing , Yussuf Amal , Hemyari Parichehr , Richardson Marcy E. , Young Colin , LaDuca Holly , McGuinness Deborah L. , Scheib Rochelle , Garber Judy E. , Rana Huma Q. 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceGermline CHEK2 pathogenic variants (PVs) are frequently detected by multigene cancer panel testing (MGPT), but our understanding of PVs beyond c.1100del has been limited.ObjectiveTo compare cancer phenotypes of frequent CHEK2 PVs individually and collectively by variant type.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study was carried out in a single diagnostic testing laboratory from 2012 to 2019. Overall, 3783 participants with CHEK2 PVs identified via MGPT were included. Medical histories of cancer in participants with frequent PVs, negative MGPT (wild type), loss-of-function (LOF), and missense were compared.Main Outcomes and MeasuresParticipants were stratified by CHEK2 PV type. Descriptive statistics were summarized including median (IQR) for continuous variables and proportions for categorical characteristics. Differences in age and proportions were assessed with Wilcoxon rank sum and Fisher exact tests, respectively. Frequencies, odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals were calculated, and P values were corrected for multiple comparisons where appropriate.ResultsOf the 3783 participants with CHEK2 PVs, 3473 (92%) were female and most reported White race. Breast cancer was less frequent in participants with p.I157T (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.56-0.78; P&amp;lt;.001), p.S428F (OR, 0.59; 95% CI. 0.46-0.76; P&amp;lt;.001), and p.T476M (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.56-0.98; P = .04) PVs compared with other PVs and an association with nonbreast cancers was not found. Following the exclusion of p.I157T, p.S428F, and p.T476M, participants with monoallelic CHEK2 PV had a younger age at first cancer diagnosis (P &amp;lt; .001) and were more likely to have breast (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.66-2.02; P &amp;lt; .001), thyroid (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.26-2.08; P &amp;lt; .001), and kidney cancer (OR, 2.57; 95% CI, 1.75-3.68; P &amp;lt; .001) than the wild-type cohort. Participants with a CHEK2 PV were less likely to have a diagnosis of colorectal cancer (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.51-0.76; P &amp;lt; .001) compared with those in the wild-type cohort. There were no significant differences between frequent CHEK2 PVs and c.1100del and no differences between CHEK2 missense and LOF PVs.Conclusions and RelevanceCHEK2 PVs, with few exceptions (p.I157T, p.S428F, and p.T476M), were associated with similar cancer phenotypes irrespective of variant type. CHEK2 PVs were not associated with colorectal cancer, but were associated with breast, kidney, and thyroid cancers. Compared with other CHEK2 PVs, the frequent p.I157T, p.S428F, and p.T476M alleles have an attenuated association with breast cancer and were not associated with nonbreast cancers. These data may inform the genetic counseling and care of individuals with CHEK2 PVs.
Association of QTc Formula With the Clinical Management of Patients With Cancer
Authors: Richardson Daniel R. , Parish P. Christopher , Tan Xianming , Fabricio Julia , Andreini Cami L. , Hicks Charles H. , Jensen Brian C. , Muluneh Benyam , Zeidner Joshua F. 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceMonitoring of the corrected QT interval (QTc) for patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy is not standardized. Selection of QTc formula may be associated with adverse event grading and chemotherapy delivery.ObjectiveTo describe the association of QTc formula selection with adverse event grading and chemotherapy delivery.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective observational cohort study used data from January 2010 to April 2020 and included adult patients seen at the University of North Carolina Cancer Hospital who had an electrocardiogram (ECG) performed.ExposuresAdjusted QTc using the Bazett, Fridericia, and Framingham formulae.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was QTc prolongation using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). Consistency between formulae was evaluated. Subsequently, appropriateness of clinical management due to prolonged QTc was assessed for a subset of patients being treated with chemotherapy agents associated with a prolonged QT interval. We hypothesized that use of the Bazett formula would be associated with higher rates of QTc prolongation and inappropriate modifications to chemotherapy.ResultsA total of 19 955 ECGs from 6881 adult patients (3055 [44.4%] women, 3826 [55.6%] men; median [IQR] age at first ECG, 60 [47-68] years) were analyzed. The percentage of ECGs with grade 3 QTc prolongation differed by formula (all patients: Framingham, 1.8%; Fridericia, 2.8%; and Bazett, 9.0%; patients receiving QT-prolonging chemotherapy [2340 ECGs]: Framingham, 2.7%; Fridericia, 4.5%; and Bazett, 12.5%). The Bazett formula resulted in a median QTc value 26.4 milliseconds higher than Fridericia and 27.8 milliseconds higher than Framingham. Of the 1786 ECGs classified as grade 3 by Bazett, 1446 (81.0%) were grade 2 or less by either Fridericia or Framingham. A total of 5 of 28 (17.9%) evaluated clinical changes associated with prolonged QTc were deemed inappropriate when using either Fridericia or Framingham formula.Conclusions and RelevanceFindings of this cohort study suggest that the Bazett formula resulted in higher QTc values associated with a 3-fold increase in grade 3 CTCAE toxic effects compared with other common formulae. Use of the Bazett formula likely was associated with inappropriate changes in clinical management. These data support the use of a standard QTc formula (such as Fridericia or Framingham) for QTc correction in oncology.
Unraveling the Mechanism of Different Kinetics Performance between Ether and Carbonate Ester Electrolytes in Hard Carbon Electrode
Authors: Yi Xiaoli , Li Xinhai , Zhong Jing , Wang Siwu , Wang Zhixing , Guo Huajun , Wang Jiexi , Yan Guochun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEther electrolytes exhibit better rate kinetics than carbonate ester electrolytes when used in several kinds of anode materials, especially in hard carbon (HC) for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). However, the mechanism causing the remarkable kinetics difference is still unclear. Here, a three‐electrode system is used first to eliminate the influence of polarization from the Na counter electrode. Then, there is systematic exploration from three steps of the electrode reaction process (Na+storage in HC; de‐solvation; Na+migration through solid electrolyte interphase (SE), and the underlying mysteries are uncovered. For Na+storage in the bulk of the HC, it is found that two systems show the same storage mechanism and Na metallic nanoparticles will appear when discharged to 0.1 V. In addition, faster de‐solvation of the ether electrolyte is uncovered by three‐electrode temperature‐dependent EIS and solvation free energies calculation. Moreover, the difference of the SEI layers is unraveled by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy etching, scanning electron microscopy, and differential electrochemical mass spectrometry. Most importantly, by discriminating the impacts of the SEI layers and de‐solvation behavior, it can be concluded that the de‐solvation process is the rate‐controlling step of the electrode reaction process and is the main factor causing the kinetics differences between the two electrolytes. The research provides a clear mechanism to illuminate fast kinetics for ether electrolytes, which will promote its application in SIBs.
Electron‐Transport Layers Employing Strongly Bound Ligands Enhance Stability in Colloidal Quantum Dot Infrared Photodetectors
Authors: Zhang Yangning , Vafaie Maral , Xu Jian , Pina Joao M. , Xia Pan , Najarian Amin M. , Atan Ozan , Imran Muhammad , Xie Ke , Hoogland Sjoerd , Sargent Edward H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSolution‐processed photodetectors based on colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising candidates for short‐wavelength infrared light sensing applications. Present‐day CQD photodetectors employ a CQD active layer sandwiched between carrier‐transport layers in which the electron‐transport layer (ETL) is composed of metal oxides. Herein, a new class of ETLs is developed using n‐type CQDs, finding that these benefit from quantum‐size effect tuning of the band energies, as well as from surface ligand engineering. Photodetectors operating at 1450 nm are demonstrated using CQDs with tailored functionalities for each of the transport layers and the active layer. By optimizing the band alignment between the ETL and the active layer, CQD photodetectors that combine a low dark current of ≈1 × 10−3 mA cm−2 with a high external quantum efficiency of ≈66% at 1 V are reported, outperforming prior reports of CQD photodetectors operating at >1400 nm that rely on metal oxides as ETLs. It is shown that stable CQD photodetectors rely on well‐passivated CQDs: for ETL CQDs, a strongly bound organic ligand trans‐4‐(trifluoromethyl)cinnamic acid (TFCA) provides improved passivation compared to the weakly bound inorganic ligand tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI). TFCA suppresses bias‐induced ion migration inside the ETL and improves the operating stability of photodetectors by 50× compared to TBAI.
Optical Fourier Volumes: A Revisiting of Holographic Photopolymers and Photoaddressable Polymers
Authors: Kim Kwangjin , Lim Yongjun , Son Heeju , Hong Seung Jae , Shin Chang‐Won , Baek Dongjae , Kim Hyeon Ho , Kim Nam , Bang Joona , Lee Seungwoo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo avoid mixing of the undesired frequencies in a free‐space, the point sources of gratings, defined by a spatially varying refractive index, should be sinusoidally rather than binarily arranged. This long‐lasting but gold standard lesson attainable from a classical Fourier optics, however, is underutilized in the practical materialization of gratings, mainly because most of the fabrication methods, developed thus far, are intrinsically compatible with a binary rather than sinusoidal grating. Recently, such design concept of optical Fourier elements has been implemented into the real surface gratings (referred to as optical Fourier surfaces) by taking advantage of advanced nanofabrication, whereas their volumetric equivalents (optical Fourier volumes, OFVs) have yet to be conceptually and experimentally elucidated. In this work, the key characteristics of OFVs and their structural requirements are systematically exploited with the assistance of analytical and numerical calculations. Especially, the dynamic range and thickness of volume gratings, required for OFVs, are newly defined. Given these theoretical blueprints, both the holographic photopolymers and photoaddressable polymers are then revisited and they are experimentally validated as easy‐to‐craft mediums of OFVs. The landscape of volume gratings is extended by providing an integrative pipeline of OFVs across their theoretical design and practical materialization.
A n‐type, Stable Electrolyte Gated Organic Transistor Based on a Printed Polymer
Authors: Viola Fabrizio Antonio , Melloni Filippo , Molazemhosseini Alireza , Modena Francesco , Sassi Mauro , Beverina Luca , Caironi Mario 
Published: September 2022

AbstractElectrolyte‐gated organic transistors (EGOTs) are promising and versatile devices for next‐generation biosensors, neuromorphic systems, and low‐voltage electronics. They are particularly indicated for applications where stable operation in aqueous environment and cost‐effective manufacturing are required. Indeed, EGOTs can be fabricated through low‐cost, large area, and scalable techniques, such as printing, from a large portfolio of solution processable organic materials, which are often able to stably operate in water or physiological solutions. Despite a large number of solution processable EGOTs have been reported in the literature so far, only a few are based on printed semiconductors, with no examples of digitally printed, i.e., inkjet printed, n‐type devices, which would easily enable complementary architectures. In this work, we propose the first example of a n‐type electrolyte gated organic transistor based on an inkjet printed polymer. The proposed device shows a high stability when operated in water and requires only 3 hours of conditioning to produce a stable response, a much faster dynamic than in the case of printed polymers currently tested for p‐type EGOTs. As a proof‐of‐concept, the proposed printed n‐type EGOT is successfully integrated with a printed single‐walled carbon‐nanotubes based p‐type device in a logic inverter, demonstrating the possibility to build simple water‐gated digital electronic circuits.
Alternatives to Water Photooxidation for Photoelectrochemical Solar Energy Conversion and Green H2 Production
Authors: Ta Xuan Minh Chau , Daiyan Rahman , Nguyen Thi Kim Anh , Amal Rose , Tran‐Phu Thanh , Tricoli Antonio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPhotoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is considered a promising technology to produce renewable hydrogen, a clean fuel or energy carrier to replace conventional carbon‐based fossil‐fuel sources. Nevertheless, the overall solar‐to‐hydrogen efficiency and the cost‐effectiveness of this technology are still unsatisfactory for practical implementation. This can be primarily attributed to the sluggish kinetics of the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the relatively low economic value of cogenerated O2 production. Over the past decades, there are extensive efforts to explore more kinetically favorable photooxidation reactions, which coupled with hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) can simultaneously improve H2 production yield and produce higher valuable alternatives to conventional O2. This review aims to present recent progress on the alternative anodic choices to OER. Here, the fundamental of PEC water splitting and the critical components required for this system are first shortly summarized. Then the benefits and issues of alternative photooxidation reactions including photooxidation of water to hydrogen peroxide, chlorine, alcohol, 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural, or urea oxidation when combined with the concurrent HER, are reviewed and analyzed. This review is concluded by presenting a critical evaluation of the challenges and opportunities of these alternative HER‐coupled photooxidation reactions for solar energy production and environmental treatment.
Concepts and Emerging Trends for Structural Battery Electrolytes
Authors: Tan Ming Yan , Safanama Dorsasadat , Goh Shermin S. , Lim Jason Y. C. , Lee Chih‐Hung , Yeo Jayven Chee Chuan , Thitsartarn Warintorn , Srinivasan Madhavi , Fam Derrick Wen Hui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe structural battery is a multifunctional energy storage device that aims to address the weight and volume efficiency issues that conventional batteries face, especially in electric transportation. By combining the functions of mechanical load bearing and energy storage, structural batteries can reduce the reliance on, or even eventually replace the main power source in an electric vehicle or a drone. However, one of the key challenges to be addressed before achieving multifunctionality in structural batteries would be the design of a suitable multifunctional structural battery electrolyte. The structural battery electrolyte is the constituent that provides mechanical integrity under flexural loads or impact and hence determines the electrochemical and much of the mechanical performance of a structural battery device. This concept paper aims to cover the key considerations and challenges facing the design of structural battery electrolytes. In addition, the main approaches to surmount these challenges are highlighted, keeping design aspects like sustainability and recyclability in view.
Exploring brainstem auditory evoked potentials and mental development index as early indicators of autism spectrum disorders in high‐risk infants
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Carroll Xianming , Zhang Ping , du Prel Jean‐Baptist , Wang Hong , Xu Haiqing , Leeper‐Woodford Sandra 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study of infants from Hubei Province, China examined brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) and mental development index (MDI) as possible early indicators associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The 34 ASD cases and 102 controls who had recovered from perinatal conditions were matched for age, sex, gestational age, birth weight and maternal age. BAEP absolute latencies (AL) I, III, V and interpeak latencies (IPL) I‐III, III‐V, I‐V were compared in ASD cases and controls at ages 1, 3 and 6 months. MDI scores were compared in these infants from 1 month to 2 years old. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to test associations among ASD, BAEP and MDI. Results showed BAEP AL I, V and IPL III‐V prolonged in the ASD group (p < 0.001), and MDI scores in ASD cases sharply declining from 12 to 24 months (p < 0.001). Regression analysis revealed odds ratios (OR) indicating that ASD was likely associated with abnormal values of BAEP AL I at 1 and 3 months (ORAL I: 4.27; ORAL I: 4.13), and AL V at 6 months (ORAL V: 7.85). Lower MDI scores (MDI < 80) in infants at 1, 3, and 6 months were likely associated with ASD (ORMDI: 2.58; ORMDI: 3.83; ORMDI: 4.87). These data show that abnormal BAEP values and low MDI scores are independent factors associated with ASD, and that monitoring of BAEP and MDI during infancy might facilitate screening for ASD development.
Enhancing estimation methods for integrating probability and nonprobability survey samples with machine‐learning techniques. An application to a Survey on the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Spain
Authors: Rueda María del Mar , Pasadas‐del‐Amo Sara , Rodríguez Beatriz Cobo , Castro‐Martín Luis , Ferri‐García Ramón 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWeb surveys have replaced Face‐to‐Face and computer assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) as the main mode of data collection in most countries. This trend was reinforced as a consequence of COVID‐19 pandemic‐related restrictions. However, this mode still faces significant limitations in obtaining probability‐based samples of the general population. For this reason, most web surveys rely on nonprobability survey designs. Whereas probability‐based designs continue to be the gold standard in survey sampling, nonprobability web surveys may still prove useful in some situations. For instance, when small subpopulations are the group under study and probability sampling is unlikely to meet sample size requirements, complementing a small probability sample with a larger nonprobability one may improve the efficiency of the estimates. Nonprobability samples may also be designed as a mean for compensating for known biases in probability‐based web survey samples by purposely targeting respondent profiles that tend to be underrepresented in these surveys. This is the case in the Survey on the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Spain (ESPACOV) that motivates this paper. In this paper, we propose a methodology for combining probability and nonprobability web‐based survey samples with the help of machine‐learning techniques. We then assess the efficiency of the resulting estimates by comparing them with other strategies that have been used before. Our simulation study and the application of the proposed estimation method to the second wave of the ESPACOV Survey allow us to conclude that this is the best option for reducing the biases observed in our data.