bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Secondary Interventions After Fenestrated-branched Endovascular Repair of Complex Aortic Aneurysms and Its Effect on Quality of Life and Patient Survival
Authors: Tenorio Emanuel R. , Mirza Aleem K. , Lima Guilherme B.B. , Marcondes Giulianna B. , Wong Joshua , Mendes Bernardo C. , Saqib Naveed , Khan Sophia , Macedo Thanila A. , Oderich Gustavo S. 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
To assess the impact of secondary intervention (SI) on health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) after fenestrated-branched endovascular aortic repair (FB-EVAR) for complex abdominal aortic aneurysms and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms.

Background:
The effect of SI after FB-EVAR on physical and mental HR-QOL has not been described.

Methods:
A cohort of 430 consecutive patients enrolled in a prospective, nonrandomized study to evaluate FB-EVAR (2013–2020) was assessed with 1325 short-form 36 HR-QOL questionnaires preoperatively and during follow-up visits. SIs were classified as major or minor procedures. Endpoints included patient survival, freedom from aortic-related mortality (ARM), freedom from SIs, and changes in HR-QOL physical component score (PCS) and mental component score.

Results:
There were 302 male with mean age 74±8 years treated by FB-EVAR for 133 complex abdominal aortic aneurysms and 297 thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms. After a mean follow up of 26±20 months, 97 patients (23%) required 137 SIs. At 5 years, freedom from any SI was 64%±4%, including freedom from minor SIs of 77%±4% and major SIs of 87%±3%. There was no difference in patient survival and freedom from ARM at same interval. On adjusted analysis, minor SIs correlated with improved survival. SIs had a negative correlation with PCS (r=−0.8). There were no significant changes in mental component score with SIs. Predictors for SIs were fluoroscopy time, graft design, and aneurysm sac change.

Conclusion:
SIs were needed in nearly 1 out of 4 patients treated by FB-EVAR with no effect on patient survival or ARM. SI resulted in decline in PCS.
Right Lobe Versus Left Lobe Living Donor Liver Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Donor and Recipient Outcomes
Authors: Acuna Sergio A. , Zhang Wei , Yoon Peter D. , Ivanics Tommy , Zhu Mary P. , Claasen Marco , Zuckerman Jesse , Ghanekar Anand , Cattral Mark S. , Sapisochin Gonzalo 
Published: July 2022

Background.
Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is an established treatment for advanced liver disease. Whether right lobe (RL) or left lobe (LL) LDLT provides the best outcomes for donors and recipients remains contentious.

Methods.
MedLine, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Central were searched to identify studies comparing RL- and LL-LDLT and reporting donor and/or recipient outcomes. Effect sizes were pooled using random-effect meta-analysis. Meta-regressions were used to explore heterogeneity.

Results.
Sixty-seven studies were included. RL donors were more likely to experience major complications (relative risk [RR] = 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.30-2.05; I
2 = 19%) than LL donors; however, no difference was observed in the risk of any biliary complication (RR = 1.41; 95% CI = 0.91-2.20; I
2 = 59%), bile leaks (RR = 1.56; 95% CI = 0.97-2.51; I
2 = 52%), biliary strictures (RR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.43-1.88; I
2 = 27%), or postoperative death (RR = 0.51; 95% CI = 0.25-1.05; I
2 = 0%). Among recipients, the incidence of major complications (RR = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.68-1.06; I
2 = 21%), biliary complications (RR = 1.10; 95% CI = 0.91-1.33; I
2 = 8%), and vascular complications (RR = 0.79; 95% CI = 0.44-1.43; I
2 = 0%) was similar. Although the rate of small for size syndrome (RR = 0.47; 95% CI = 0.30-0.74; I
2 = 0%) and postoperative deaths (RR = 0.62; 95% CI = 0.44-0.87; I
2 = 0%) was lower among RL-LDLT recipients, no differences were observed in long-term graft (hazard ratio = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.55-1.38; I
2 = 74%) and overall survival (hazard ratio = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.60-1.22; I
2 = 44%).

Conclusions.
LL donors experience fewer complications than RL donors, and LL-LDLT recipients had similar outcomes to RL-LDLT recipients. These findings suggest that LL-LDLT offers the best outcomes for living donors and similar outcomes for recipients when measures are taken to prevent small for size syndrome.
Interprofessional Electronic Consultations for the Diagnosis and Management of Neuro-Ophthalmic Conditions
Authors: Xu Timothy T. , Kung Felix F. , Lai Kevin E. , Ko Melissa W. , Brodsky Michael C. , Bhatti M. Tariq , Chen John J. 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Interprofessional electronic consultation (eConsult) is a telemedicine modality in which consulting providers review outside records and provide recommendations without in-person consultation. The purpose of this study was to describe the utilization of eConsults in the management of neuro-ophthalmic conditions.

Methods:
Retrospective cohort study of all patients who received an eConsult for a neuro-ophthalmic condition at a single quaternary referral center from 2018 to 2020. Main outcome measures included proportion of eConsults in which sufficient data were provided to the neuro-ophthalmologist to generate a definitive management decision, proportion of patients for whom an in-person neuro-ophthalmology evaluation was recommended, and the eConsult's impact on patient care.

Results:
Eighty eConsults were conducted on 78 patients during the 3-year study period. Forty-eight (60.0%) subjects were female, mean age was 54 years, and 65 (81.3%) were White. The median time from eConsult request to completion was 4 days (range: 0–34 days). The most frequent eConsult questions were vision/visual field disturbances in 28 (35.0%) cases, optic neuropathies in 22 (27.5%), and optic disc edema in 17 (21.3%). At the time of eConsult, sufficient prior information was provided in 35 (43.8%) cases for the neuro-ophthalmologist to provide a definitive management decision. In 45 (56.3%) eConsults, further diagnostic testing was recommended. In-person neuro-ophthalmology consultation was recommended in 24 (30.0%) cases. Sixty-one (76.3%) eConsults provided diagnostic and/or treatment direction, and 12 (15.0%) provided reassurance.

Conclusion:
eConsults increase access to timely neuro-ophthalmic care and provide diagnostic and treatment direction to non–neuro-ophthalmology providers when sufficient information is provided at the time of eConsult.
Ontogeny and Trophic Factor Sensitivity of Gastrointestinal Projecting Vagal Sensory Cell Types
Authors: McCoy Meaghan E. , Kamitakahara Anna K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractVagal sensory neurons located in the nodose ganglion provide a direct line of communication from the gut to the brain. Information, such as stomach stretch or the presence of ingested nutrients in the intestine, is conveyed to the caudal medulla via specialized cell types that express unique marker genes. Here, we leverage vagal cell type marker genes identified in adult mice to determine when specialized vagal subtypes arise developmentally, as well as the factors that shape their growth and target innervation. Initial sequencing and pathway analysis comparing early postnatal to adult nodose ganglia identified an enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to axon growth and guidance, synaptic strengthening, and DEGs downstream of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Subsequent experiments performed to screen for trophic factor sensitivity revealed that both BDNF and glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) robustly stimulate neurite outgrowth from early postnatal nodose ganglion explantsin vitro. Anatomical examination of whole-body trophic factor expression in perinatal mice revealed that BDNF is expressed by neurons of the nodose ganglion itself, while GDNF is expressed by developing intestinal smooth muscle cells. Thus, BDNF may support vagal neurons as a locally derived trophic factor, while GDNF may act as a target derived trophic factor supporting the growth of vagal sensory processes at distal innervation sites in the gut. Consistent with this, expression of the GDNF receptor,Gfra1, was enriched in vagal afferent cell types that project to the gastrointestinal tract. The BDNF receptor,Ntrk2,was expressed by the majority vagal sensory neurons, irrespective of cell type. Lastly, spatial mapping of genetic markers in the nodose ganglion demonstrates that defined vagal cell types begin to emerge as early as embryonic day 13, even as sensory neurons continue to grow to reach gastrointestinal targets. Despite the early onset of expression for some cell type marker genes, expression patterns of many individual cell type markers appear largely immature in prenatal life and mature considerably by the end of the first postnatal week. Together, the data support a role for GDNF in stimulating vagal sensory growth to gastrointestinal targets and establish a prolonged perinatal timeline for vagal sensory cell type maturation.
The role of hippocampal CAMKII in resilience to trauma-related psychopathology
Authors: Hazra S. , Hazra J. D. , Amit Bar-On R. , Duan Y. , Edut S. , Cao X , Richter-Levin G 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTTraumatic stress exposure can form persistent trauma-related memories. However, only a minority of individuals develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms upon exposure. We employed a rat model of PTSD, which enables differentiating between exposed-affected and exposed-unaffected individuals. Two weeks after the end of exposure, animals were tested behaviorally, following an exposure to a trauma reminder, identifying them as trauma ‘affected’ or ‘unaffected’. In light of the established role of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in stress and the essential role of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in hippocampal based synaptic plasticity, in two separate experiments, we pharmacologically inhibited CaMKII or knocked-down αCaMKII in the dorsal dentate gyrus of the hippocampus (dDG) following exposure to the same trauma paradigm. Both manipulations brought down the prevalence of ‘affected’ individuals in the trauma- exposed population. A day after the last behavioral test, long-term potentiation (LTP) was examined in the dDG as a measure of synaptic plasticity. Trauma exposure reduced the ability to induce LTP, whereas, contrary to expectation, αCaMKII-kd reversed this effect. Further examination revealed that reducing αCaMKII expression, enables the formation of αCaMKII-independent LTP, which may enable increased resilience in the face of a traumatic experience. The current findings further emphasize the pivotal role dDG has in stress resilience.
Binucleated cells generated by nuclear movement during neural transdifferentiation from human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells
Authors: Bueno Carlos , Blanquer Miguel , García-Bernal David , Martínez Salvador , Moraleda José M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlthough it has been reported that bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) can transdifferentiate into neural cells, the findings are considered unlikely. It has been argued that the rapid neural transdifferentiation of BMDCs reported in culture studies is actually due to cytotoxic changes induced by the media. While transplantation studies indicated that BMDCs can form new neurons, it remains unclear whether the underlying mechanism is transdifferentiation or BMDCs-derived cell fusion with the existing neuronal cells. Cell fusion has been put forward to explain the presence of gene-marked binucleated neurons after gene-marked BMDCs transplantation. In the present study, we demostrated that human BMDCs can rapidly adopt a neural-like morphology through active neurite extension and binucleated human BMDCs can form with independence of any cell fusion events. We also showed that BMDCs neural transdifferentiation involves the formation of intermediate cells which can then redifferentiate into neural-like cells, redifferentiate back to the mesenchymal fate or even repeatedly switch lineages without cell division. Furthermore, we have discovered that nuclei from intermediate cells rapidly move within the cell, adopting different morphologies and even forming binucleated cells. Therefore, our results provide a stronger basis for rejecting the idea that BMDCs neural transdifferentiation is merely an artefact.
Springing Forward and Falling Back on Health: The Effect of Daylight Saving Time on Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Tanaka Shinsuke , Koizumi Hideto 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe examine the effects of Daylight Saving Time (DST) on the incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) over three distinct time frames: short, medium, and long run. By exploiting the unique circumstances in Indiana, our findings highlight substantial short-term costs of increased AMI admissions at the spring transition by 27.2%, which last for approximately two weeks, are not displaced by counteractive reductions during the DST period, and are incurred at each transition over the years studied without adaptation. Together, in the context of current policy debates, these findings support terminating time adjustments yet provide little evidence to support permanent DST.
A scoping review of the “at-risk” student literature in higher education
Authors: Chibaya Colin , Whata Albert , Madzima Kudakwashe , Rudolph Godfrey , Verkijika Silas , Makhoere Lucky , Mosia Moeketsi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInstitutions’ inclination to fulfilling the mandate of producing quality graduates is overwhelming. Insistent petition for institutions to understand their students is about creating equitable opportunities for the diverse student bodies. However, “at-risk” students ubiquitously co-exist. This article conducted a scoping review of literature published locally and internationally that sought to understand “at-risk” students in higher education. The study examined the aims, participants, variables, data analytics tools, and the methods used when the topic on “at-risk” students is studied. Broadly, we sought the bigger picture of what matters, where, when, why, and how so. The Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) framework was considered for demarcating appropriate literature for the concept and context of “at-risk” students. The JBI protocol was chosen for selecting relevant literature published between 2010 and 2022, searched from the EBSCOhost and ScienceDirect databases. A search tool was developed using the litsearchr R package and screening proceeded guided by the PRISMA framework. Although 1961 articles were obtained after applying the search criteria, 84 articles satisfied the stipulated inclusion criteria. Although Africa is lagging, research on “at-risk” students is exponentially growing in America, Europe, and Asia. Notably, relevant articles use academic data to understand students at risk of dropping-out or failing in the first year. Often, statistical and machine learning methods were preferred. Most factors that determined whether a student is at risk of failing or dropping out were found to be highly correlated with high school knowledge. Also, being “at-risk” connoted one’s geographical context, ethnicity, gender, and academic culture. It was noted that autonomously motivated students, with good time management, succeed. Ideally, institutions need to identify areas that need intervention, including courses where special tutoring programmes are needed. Institutions should detect staff who need further training. Nonetheless, psychosocial well-being programmes should augment institutional investments to improve students’ success. Precisely, institutional environments should be stimulating, conducive, and motivating.
Chaperone-mediated Autophagy Deficiency Reprograms Cancer Metabolism Via TGFβ Signaling to drive Mesenchymal Tumor Growth
Authors: Zhou Xun , Shi Yong , Shirokova Vera , Kochetkova Elena , Becirovic Tina , Zhang Boxi , Kaminskyy Vitaliy O. , Lindskog Cecilia , Hydbring Per , Ekman Simon , Genander Maria , Norberg Erik , Vakifahmetoglu-Norberg Helin 
Published: July 2022

SummaryThe role of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) in cancer initiation and progression is not well understood due to the lack of a loss-of-function cancer models of LAMP2A, the key regulator of this process. Here, by generating an isoform-specific knockout of LAMP2A, we show that CMA deficiency promotes proliferation and tumor growth in human cancers of mesenchymal origin. Accordingly, we observed that LAMP2A diminishes in metastatic lesions compared to matched primary human tumors from the same patients. Loss of CMA enhanced TGFβ signaling in tumors, rewired the tumor metabolome to promote anabolic pathways and mitochondrial metabolism, meeting the metabolic requirements of rapid growth. Mechanistically, we show that TGFβR2 enhances the enzymatic activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), to promote the generation of nucleotides. Consequently, pharmacological inhibition of TGFβ-signaling in LAMP2A-KO cells suppresses G6PD activity, mitochondrial metabolism, and proliferation to WT levels. Conversely, pharmacological inhibition of mitochondrial metabolism suppressed LAMP2A-KO driven proliferation. Overall, our study provides a molecular mechanism on the CMA’s tumor-suppressive function by connecting two important oncogenic pathways, the TGFβ signaling and PPP metabolism, to the loss-of-function LAMP2A in mesenchymal cancer types.
Role of lone-pair electron localization in temperature-induced phase transitions in mimetite
Authors: Cametti Georgia , Nagashima Mariko , Churakov Sergey V. 
Published: July 2022

The crystal structure of mimetite Pb5(AsO4)3Cl, a phosphate with apatite structure-type has been investigated in situ at 123, 173, 273, 288, 353 and 393 K. A careful inspection of the diffraction pattern and subsequent structure refinements indicated that mimetite transforms from the monoclinic to the hexagonal polymorph with increasing temperature. At 123 K, a monoclinic superstructure, mimetite-2M, with cell parameters a = 20.4487 (9), b = 7.4362 (2), c = 20.4513 (9) Å, β = 119.953 (6)°, V = 2694.5 (2) Å3 and space group P21 was observed. From 173 to 353 K, the reflections of the supercell were evident only along one direction of the corresponding hexagonal apatite-cell and the structure transforms to the polymorph mimetite-M with space group P21/b and unit-cell parameters a = 10.2378 (3), b = 20.4573 (7), c = 7.4457 (2) Å, β = 120.039 (5)°, V = 1349.96 (9) Å3. Only at higher temperature, i.e. 393 K, does mimetite adopt the hexagonal space group P63/m characteristic of apatite structure-types. The role of the electron lone pairs of Pb atoms in the phase transition was investigated through the analysis of the electron localization function (ELF) calculated based on the DFT-geometry optimized structures of the three polymorphs. The changes in spatial distribution of the 6s
2 electron density during the phase transitions were explored by means of the Wannier Function Centres (WFCs) derived from ab initio molecular dynamics trajectories. In the high-temperature hexagonal structure the 6s
2 electrons are spherically symmetric relative to the position of Pb atoms. At low temperature the maximum of 6s
2 electron density is displaced relative to the position of Pb atom contributing to the polar interaction in the monoclinic polymorphs.
Macroeconomic and institutional conditions: the drivers behind divestment of FDI in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Edo Samson , Nnadozie Obianuju 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine how macroeconomic performance work with institutional quality influences divestment of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Sub-Saharan Africa, in the short and long run.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper investigates divestment of FDI in Sub-Saharan Africa, within the period 1980–2020. The investigation is undertaken by first comparing the trend with what is obtained in other economic regions of the world. The factors behind the divestment are subsequently investigated, using the vector error-correction model.

Findings
In the comparative analysis, Sub-Saharan Africa and other regions are observed to have witnessed sustained divestment in recent years. The estimation results of the model reveal that macroeconomic performance and institutional quality are the predominant drivers behind the divestment.

Research limitations/implications
The findings, however, do not conform to the neoclassical theory that lays emphasis on investment return as the fundamental factor influencing investment. Long-run structural stability is also established; hence, the results may be considered suitable for predicting future divestment in the region.

Practical implications
In view of the empirical findings, macroeconomic performance and institutional quality need to be improved to ameliorate FDI divestment in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Originality/value
There is paucity of research works on divestment of FDI in Sub-Saharan Africa. Again, there is paucity of works on how macroeconomic and institutional conditions work together to influence divestment. This study provides some evidence to bridge the perceived gaps.
Quality of life and emergency preparedness of MHO staff: role of psychological capital and perceived organizational support
Authors: Hong Yuxiang , Zhao Jiaqing , Yu Jian , Wang Huihui 
Published: July 2022

PurposeEnhancing the initiative and enthusiasm of emergency preparedness behaviors among Medical and Health Organization (MHO) staff is an effective measure to prevent and reduce losses from emergencies. In this study, emergency preparedness behavioral intentions were divided into noncooperative behavioral intentions (EPNCBI) and cooperative behavioral intentions (EPCBI) to discuss the impact brought by quality of life (QoL). The mediating effects of psychological capital (PsyCap) and perceived organizational support (POS) were also considered.Design/methodology/approachA web-based questionnaire was used for MHO staff in China, and a structural equation analysis of the data collected from 243 participants was conducted to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe empirical results reveal that: (1) QoL had a positive effect on EPNCBI, PsyCap and POS; (2) PsyCap had a positive effect on EPNCBI and EPCBI; (3) POS had a positive effect on PsyCap and EPCBI; (4) PsyCap mediated the relationship between QoL and EPNCBI, and the relationship between POS and EPNCBI; (5) PsyCap and POS mediated the relationship between QoL and EPCBI.Practical implicationsImproving MHO staff’s QoL is an effective way to enhance positive behavioral outcomes. Furthermore, these findings could provide managers with valuable insight focusing their limited resources on enhancing the emergency preparedness of MHO staff by reinforcing the level of PsyCap and POS.Originality/valueThis study provides important updated considerations for the application of positive psychology in the field of emergency preparedness.