bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastrointestinal endoscopy and work-related injuries: an international survey
Authors: Bessone Veronica , Adamsen Sven 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Recently, the awareness of work-related musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs) among gastrointestinal endoscopists has increased because of their effect on the private and work life of clinicians as well as on the health care system. The high injury incidence (reported to range from 37 % to 89 %) has been correlated with the intensive muscular demand required during a procedure.
Patients and methods An online survey with 32 questions was conducted globally. Clinically active endoscopists (doctors and nurses) participated anonymously and voluntarily. The questionnaire included questions about endoscopist anthropometrics, experience of MSI, treatment, and preventive measures such as ergonomic training. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data.
Results Of 204 clinicians (78 % males; 81 % > 35 years of age), 107 (53 %) stated to have experienced a work-related MSI. The most frequent locations were in the neck (n = 49), shoulder and thumb (n = 39, both). Female clinicians resulted to be significantly more prone to develop MSI. In addition, endoscopists who performed more than 15 hours of endoscopy or more than 15 procedures per week reported a significantly higher rate of MSI.
Conclusions The high frequency of MSIs among gastrointestinal endoscopists highlights the importance of implementing ergonomic training. Including simple precautions before and during endoscopy may reduce the risk of developing an injury.
Efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy in patients with malignant gastric outlet obstruction and ascites
Authors: Mahmoud Tala , Storm Andrew C. , Law Ryan J. , Jaruvongvanich Veeravich , Ghazi Rabih , Abusaleh Rami , Vargas Eric J. , Bazerbachi Fateh , Levy Michael J. , Truty Mark J. , Chandrasekhara Vinay , Abu Dayyeh Barham K. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy (EUS-GJ) is an endoscopic procedure for treating gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). Limited data exist regarding the safety and efficacy of EUS-GJ in patients with malignant GOO with ascites. Thus, we aimed to study the outcomes and safety of EUS-GJ in GOO patients with vs. without ascites.
Patients and methods This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with malignant GOO who underwent successful EUS-GJ at a tertiary care academic center. Primary outcomes included the efficacy and safety of EUS-GJ. Secondary outcomes included 30-day readmission, reintervention, and survival utilizing Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Results A total of 55 patients (mean age of 67.0 ± 11.3 years, 40.0 % female) who underwent EUS-GJ, of whom 24 had ascites (small in 22, large in 2) were included. Clinical success was achieved in 91.7 % and 93.5 % (P = 1.00) of patients with and without ascites, respectively. A higher rate of adverse events (AEs) was noted in patients with ascites but this was not statistically significant (37.5 % vs. 19.4 %, P = 0.13). Four patients in the ascites group (16.6 %) developed clinical evidence of peritonitis or sepsis post-EUS-GJ. Eight patients with ascites developed worsening ascites within a month of EUS-GJ. In contrast, only one patient without ascites developed evidence of new ascites. The median survival of patients was not significantly different between the two groups (patients with ascites: 129 days vs. patients without ascites: 180 days, (P = 0.12).
Conclusions The efficacy EUS-GJ in the presence of ascites is promising; however, the safety profile remains concerning given the high rate of AEs, specifically peritonitis and sepsis.
Basic food and drink price distributions transcend time and culture
Authors: Sinclair Robert , Diamond Jess 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this empirical study, we show that the shape of the distribution of relative prices of basic food and drink items has been extraordinarily robust, from ancient Egypt to modern Chile, whether there be peace and economic stability, war, revolution, depression or hyperinflation. The width of the distribution of log prices does not deviate significantly from a specific value, which would appear to be universal. This property of relative prices has not changed over the past three thousand years, wherever there have been food markets, despite great differences in culture, institutions, and the particular food and drink items consumed.
Targeted ubiquitination of sensory neuron calcium channels reduces the development of neuropathic pain
Authors: Sun Linlin , Tong Chi-Kun , Morgenstern Travis J. , Zhou Hang , Yang Guang , Colecraft Henry M. 
Published: May 2022

SignificanceNeuropathic pain affects nearly 10% of the US population, and yet current treatments with small-molecule drugs fail to adequately alleviate nociception and often produce serious side effects. High-voltage-activated calcium channels (HVACCs) are membrane proteins that are necessary for synaptic transmission in sensory neurons, and inhibiting these channels is a proven method to achieve analgesia. In this work, we used subcutaneous injection to express a genetically encoded molecule that blocks HVACCs in sensory neurons in vivo. We demonstrate that this approach effectively reduces the onset of neuropathic pain in an animal model of the disease without any observable side effects. These studies support the development of a gene therapy targeting the inhibition of HVACCs to preempt, and potentially reverse, neuropathic pain.
Hippocampal-medial prefrontal cortex network dynamics predict performance during retrieval in a context-guided object memory task
Authors: Morici Juan Facundo , Weisstaub Noelia Victoria , Zold Camila Lidia 
Published: May 2022

Significance
Recovering relevant information, while ignoring the irrelevant, is crucial for episodic memory (remembering a particular event at a specific temporal and spatial context). Information presented at any time could drive the retrieval of more than one memory trace; thus, there should be a mechanism to select the retrieval of the most relevant trace. However, how the brain controls memory interference is not well understood. Here, we analyzed the communication between ventral hippocampus (vHPC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) during the resolution of an episodic memory task in rats. We found an increased synchronization between the vHPC and mPFC and identified specific mPFC neural subpopulations that selectively respond to object–context associations, and their firing preference correlates with the animals’ behavioral responses.
Quantum speed limit and stability of coherent states in quantum gravity
Authors: Liegener Klaus , Rudnicki Łukasz 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Utilizing the program of expectation values in coherent states and its recently developed algorithmic tools, this letter investigates the dynamical properties of cosmological coherent states for loop quantum gravity. To this end, the quantum speed limit (QSL) is adapted to quantum gravity, yielding necessary consistency checks for any proposal of stable families of states. To showcase the strength of the developed tools, they are applied to a prominent model: the Euclidean part of the quantum scalar constraint. We report the variance of this constraint evaluated on a family of coherent states showing that, for short times, this family passes the QSL test, allowing the transition from one coherent state to another one.
Defect density of states in natural and synthetic MoS2 multilayer flakes
Authors: Srivastava Shikha , Mohapatra Yashowanta N 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
It has become important to identify and study dominant defects in different forms of transition metal dichalcogenide materials, which are being explored for use in electronic devices. We have investigated the density and distribution of deep defect states in natural and synthetic multilayer MoS2 (m–MoS2) flakes using temperature-dependent admittance spectroscopy. The flakes sandwiched between suitable electrodes with an Au|m-MoS2|ZnO structure act as good quality diodes suitable for capacitance-based studies. The defect density of states (DOS) show Gaussian distribution, and density was found to be approximately 1014 and 1013 cm−3 eV−1 in the natural and synthetic MoS2 flake devices, respectively. Both types of flakes showed a deep level around 0.8 eV below the conduction band edge with a Gaussian disorder parameter of around 33 and 30 meV, respectively, at room temperature, indicating a common origin corresponding to these defect states. The synthetic MoS2 flake device shows the appearance of an additional defect state at around 0.7 eV, which is probably related to a stoichiometric defect. Our results point to the possible occurrence of a large lattice relaxation of donors with associated trap levels deep within the gap. Our results demonstrate an excellent non-destructive method of deriving defect DOS in multilayer flakes.
Radiomics-guided radiation therapy: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Abdollahi Hamid , Chin Erika , Clark Haley , Hyde Derek E , Thomas Steven , Wu Jonn , Uribe Carlos F , Rahmim Arman 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Radiomics is an advanced image-processing framework, which extracts image features and considers them as biomarkers towards personalized medicine. Applications include disease detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy response assessment/prediction. As radiation therapy aims for further individualized treatments, radiomics could play a critical role in various steps before, during and after treatment. Elucidation of the concept of radiomics-guided radiation therapy (RGRT) is the aim of this review, attempting to highlight opportunities and challenges underlying the use of radiomics to guide clinicians and physicists towards more effective radiation treatments. This work identifies the value of RGRT in various steps of radiotherapy from patient selection to follow-up, and subsequently provides recommendations to improve future radiotherapy using quantitative imaging features.
Design, modeling and experiment of a miniature biped piezoelectric robot
Authors: Wang Weiyi , Deng Jie , Liu Yingxiang , Zhang Shijing , Li Jing , Gao Xiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A novel miniature biped piezoelectric robot (MBPR) was designed with a patch-type beam structure. The robot utilizes an asymmetric friction-inertial driving principle to realize linear motion. The prominent feature is that it can move linearly under low frequency and low voltage, which is beneficial for untethered driving of the robot. In addition, the robot has the advantages of simple structure, convenience for multi-degree-of-freedom extension and strong load capacity. The effect of different dimensional parameters on the motion of the MBPR was studied and a prototype was fabricated, whose size was 39 × 15 × 4 mm3 and weighed 0.9 g. The MBPR achieved a maximum speed of 0.4 body length per second. To expand the motion degree of freedom, an array of MBPR was fabricated and tested. The results indicated that the robot array realized linear motion of 1.3 mm s−1 and rotation motion of 1.6° s−1. The array could carry a load of 25 g (13.8 times self-weight), which shows strong load capacity based on its lightweight structure. Finally, we designed a robot consisted of the array and an untethered power supply, 2-DOF untethered motion could be realized on the plane, which was conducive to finish large-scale movement and tasks in narrow environments.
Weighted network motifs as random walk patterns
Authors: Picciolo Francesco , Ruzzenenti Franco , Holme Petter , Mastrandrea Rossana 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Over the last two decades, network theory has shown to be a fruitful paradigm in understanding the organization and functioning of real-world complex systems. One technique helpful to this endeavor is identifying functionally influential subgraphs, shedding light on underlying evolutionary processes. Such overrepresented subgraphs, motifs, have received much attention in simple networks, where edges are either on or off. However, for weighted networks, motif analysis is still undeveloped. Here, we proposed a novel methodology—based on a random walker taking a fixed maximum number of steps—to study weighted motifs of limited size. We introduce a sink node to balance the network and allow the detection of configurations within an a priori fixed number of steps for the random walker. We applied this approach to different real networks and selected a specific null model based on maximum-entropy to test the significance of weighted motifs occurrence. We found that identified similarities enable the classifications of systems according to functioning mechanisms associated with specific configurations: economic networks exhibit close patterns while differentiating from ecological systems without any a priori assumption.
Design and analysis of 1D photonic crystal doped with magnetized cold plasma defect for application of single/multi-channel tunable narrowband filter
Authors: Panda Abinash , Pukhrambam Puspa Devi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The present research demonstrates the tunable filtering properties of a single/multi-channel filter based on 1D photonic crystal (PhC), which is designed with dielectric materials (A, B) and magnetized cold plasma (P). The proposed filter has a configuration of

A
/
B

M

A
/
P
/
B

N

(
A
/
B
)

M

.

Transmission spectra of the structure is investigated for both right-hand polarization and left-hand polarization configurations of the plasma material by employing the well-known transfer matrix method. It is found that number of periods of the plasma layer (N) decides the single-channel and multi-channel operations of the filter. It is revealed that the external magnetic field can be manipulated to tune the frequency of the filter. Also, it is found that the geometrical parameters such as thickness of the plasma layer, plasma density, and incident angle play a significant role in tuning the defect mode frequency. Moreover, the color map plot is studied to provide a clear insight of shifting nature of the defect mode frequency. Quality factor of the filter is evaluated vis-à-vis different geometrical parameters. Our considered structure can be the mainstay for filtering applications in microwave regions, and can find suitable applications in dense wavelength division multiplexing and high speed signal processing.
Traversable wormholes in beyond Horndeski theories
Authors: Bakopoulos A. , Charmousis C. , Kanti P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe construct a large class of explicit, asymptotically flat and regular wormhole solutions in higher order scalar tensor theories. The solutions are vacuum solutions of scalar tensor theory and no matter (exotic or regular) is introduced in order to support them. They are constructed via a general disformal transformation of a seed black hole solution. The seed solutions belong to a particular Horndeski theory which requires the presence of all extended Galileons and has a higher dimensional Lovelock origin. As a result, the resulting wormholes are always solutions of general beyond Horndeski theory. The particular class of wormholes we study are parametrised by their ADM mass and two coupling constants of the theory, one related to their higher dimensional Lovelock origin and one to the disformal transformation itself. The latter of the coupling constants affects the throat size of the wormhole solutions, thus giving them a compact or non-compact nature, as well as their properties.
Revisiting the Mass–Size Relation of Structures in Molecular Clouds
Authors: Xing Yuchen , Qiu Keping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We revisit the mass–size relation of molecular cloud structures based on the column density map of the Cygnus-X molecular cloud complex. We extract 135 column density peaks in Cygnus-X and analyze the column density distributions around these peaks. The averaged column density profiles, N(R), around all the peaks can be well fitted with broken power-laws, which are described by an inner power-law index n, outer power-law index m, and the radius R
TP and column density N
TP at the transition point. We then explore the M–R relation with different samples of cloud structures by varying the N(R) parameters and the column density threshold, N
0, which determines the boundary of a cloud structure. We find that only when N
0 has a wide range of values, the M–R relation may largely probe the density distribution, and the fitted power-law index of the M–R relation is related to the power-law index of N(R). On the contrary, with a constant N
0, the M–R relation has no direct connection with the density distribution; in this case, the fitted power-law index of the M–R relation is equal to 2 (when N
0 ≥ N
TP and n has a narrow range of values), larger than 2 (when N
0 ≥ N
TP and n has a wide range of values), or slightly less than 2 (when N
0 < N
TP).
On the Relation Between Coronal Green Line Brightness and Magnetic Fields Intensity
Authors: Zhang Xue-Fei , Liu Yu , Zhao Ming-Yu , Song Teng-Fei , Wang Jing-Xing , Li Xiao-Bo , Li Zi-Han 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) solar coronal magnetogram is difficult to be measured directly until now. From the previous knowledge, a general relation has been noticed that the brighter green-line brightness for corona, the higher coronal magnetic field intensity may correspond to. To try to further reveal the relationship between coronal green line brightness and magnetic field intensity, we use the 2D coronal images observed by Yunnan Observatories Green-line Imaging System (YOGIS) of the 10 cm Lijiang coronagraph and the coronal magnetic field maps calculated from the current-free extrapolations with the photospheric magnetograms taken by Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) spacecraft. In our analysis, we identified the coronal loop structures and construct two-dimensional maps of the corresponding magnetic field intensity in the plane of the sky (POS) above the limb. We derive the correlation coefficients between the coronal brightness and the magnetic field intensity for different heights of coronal layers. We further use a linear combination of a Gaussian and a quadratic profile to fit the correlation coefficients distribution, finding a largest correlation coefficient of 0.82 near 1.1 R
⊙ (solar radii) where is almost the top of the closed loop system. For the small closed loop system identified, the correlation coefficient distributions crossing and covering the loop are calculated. We also investigate the correlation with extended heliocentric latitude zones and long period of one whole Carrington Rotation, finding again that the maximum correlation coefficient occurs at the same height. It is the first time for us to find that the correlation coefficients are high (all are larger than 0.8) at the loop-tops and showing poor correlation coefficients with some fluctuations near the feet of the coronal loops. Our findings indicate that, for the heating of the low-latitude closed loops, both DC (dissipation of currents) and AC (dissipation of Alfvén and magnetosonic waves) mechanisms should act simultaneously on the whole closed loop system while the DC mechanisms dominate in the loop-top regions. Therefore, in the distributions of the correlation coefficients with different heights of coronal layers, for both large- and small-scale latitude ranges, the coefficients can reach their maximum values at the same coronal height of 1.1 R
⊙, which may indicate the particular importance of the height of closed loops for studying the coupling of the local emission mechanism and the coronal magnetic fields, which maybe helpful for studying the origin of the low-speed solar wind.
QTIA, a 2.5 or 10 Gbps 4-channel array optical receiver ASIC in a 65 nm CMOS technology
Authors: Sun H. , Huang X. , Chao C.-P. , Chen S.-W. , Deng B. , Gong D. , Hou S. , Huang G. , Kulis S. , Li C.-Y. , Liu C. , Liu T. , Moreira P. , Sun Q. , Ye J. , Zhang L. , Zhang W. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The Quad transimpedance and limiting amplifier (QTIA) is a 4-channel array optical receiver ASIC, developed using a 65 nm CMOS process. It is configurable between the bit rate of 2.56 Gbps and 10 Gbps per channel. QTIA offers careful matching to both GaAs and InGaAs photodiodes. At this R&D stage, each channel has a different biasing scheme to the photodiode for optimal coupling. A charge pump is implemented in one channel to provide a higher reverse bias voltage, which is especially important to mitigate radiation effects on the photodiodes. The circuit functions of QTIA successfully passed the lab tests with GaAs photodiodes.
Prototyping and qualification of 2S modules for the CMS Outer Tracker upgrade at the HL-LHC
Authors: Zhang F. , Blanchot G. , Higginbotham S. , Honma A. , Kalogeropoulos A. , Kovacs M. , La Rosa A. , Nasr S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In preparation for the High Luminosity LHC, the entire tracker detector of the CMS experiment will be exchanged as part of the Phase-2 Upgrade. The new Outer Tracker will comprise approximately 13,000 silicon sensor modules, of which 7608 are “2S modules” consisting of two parallel mounted silicon strip sensors, and 5592 are “PS modules” consisting of one pixel and one strip sensor in a single module. These modules provide tracking information to the level 1 trigger by correlating the hit information of both sensor layers, allowing discrimination of particle tracks by their transverse momentum. To guarantee successful operation during data-taking, the production of the outer tracker modules has to fulfill strict requirements. This note will discuss the assembly procedures as well as some key results of the electronic, thermal and vibration tests performed at CERN for qualifying the 2S module design and for preparing the module assembly procedures.
Annual runoff coefficient variation in a changing environment: a global perspective
Authors: Xiong Jinghua , Yin Jiabo , Guo Shenglian , He Shaokun , Chen Jie , Abhishek  
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Assessing variations in the annual runoff coefficient (RC) on a basin scale is crucial for understanding the hydrological cycle under natural and anthropogenic changes, yet a systematic global assessment remains unexamined from a water-balance perspective. Here, we combine observation-based runoff and precipitation datasets to quantify basin-averaged RC changes in 433 major global river basins during the period 1985–2014. Thereafter, the ratios of terrestrial water storage changes and evaporation to precipitation (SC and EC, respectively) are obtained to evaluate the factors driving the RC changes. The results show that 12.93% of the basins experience significant decreasing trends in RC, with slopes ranging from −0.55 ± 0.17% yr−1 to −0.05 ± 0.02% yr−1, while 6.47% basins show increasing RCs with slopes ranging from 0.09 ± 0.04% yr−1 to 0.56 ± 0.17% yr−1. A higher percentage (62.95%) of basins reveal decreasing RCs for the regions with considerable human intervention compared to those (58.24%) with dominant natural variability. Changes in EC dominate the RC changes over 79.68% of the basins for both increasing and decreasing trends, with a maximum contribution (53.65%) from transpiration, among other partitioned components. Corroborated inferences from explicit investigation in the Yangtze River basin highlight the robustness of our results for global water managers and policymakers.