bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning computational tools to assist the performance of systematic reviews: A mapping review
Authors: Cierco Jimenez Ramon , Lee Teresa , Rosillo Nicolás , Cordova Reynalda , Cree Ian A , Gonzalez Angel , Indave Ruiz Blanca Iciar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Within evidence-based practice (EBP), systematic reviews (SR) are considered the highest level of evidence in that they summarize the best available research and describe the progress in a determined field. Due its methodology, SR require significant time and resources to be performed; they also require repetitive steps that may introduce biases and human errors. Machine learning (ML) algorithms therefore present a promising alternative and a potential game changer to speed up and automate the SR process. This review aims to map the current availability of computational tools that use ML techniques to assist in the performance of SR, and to support authors in the selection of the right software for the performance of evidence synthesis.

Methods
The mapping review was based on comprehensive searches in electronic databases and software repositories to obtain relevant literature and records, followed by screening for eligibility based on titles, abstracts, and full text by two reviewers. The data extraction consisted of listing and extracting the name and basic characteristics of the included tools, for example a tool’s applicability to the various SR stages, pricing options, open-source availability, and type of software. These tools were classified and graphically represented to facilitate the description of our findings.

Results
A total of 9653 studies and 585 records were obtained from the structured searches performed on selected bibliometric databases and software repositories respectively. After screening, a total of 119 descriptions from publications and records allowed us to identify 63 tools that assist the SR process using ML techniques.

Conclusions
This review provides a high-quality map of currently available ML software to assist the performance of SR. ML algorithms are arguably one of the best techniques at present for the automation of SR. The most promising tools were easily accessible and included a high number of user-friendly features permitting the automation of SR and other kinds of evidence synthesis reviews.
Risk-based stratified primary care for common musculoskeletal pain presentations: qualitative findings from the STarT MSK cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Saunders Benjamin , Chudyk Adrian , Protheroe Joanne , Cooper Vincent , Bartlam Bernadette , Birkinshaw Hollie , Foster Nadine E , Hill Jonathan C 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe STarT MSK cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) investigated the clinical- and cost-effectiveness of risk-based stratified primary care versus usual care for patients with back, neck, shoulder, knee or multi-site pain. Trial quantitative results showed risk-based stratified care was not superior to usual care for patients’ clinical outcomes, but the intervention led to some changes in GP clinical decision-making. This paper reports a linked qualitative study exploring how risk-based stratified care was perceived and used in the trial, from the perspectives of clinicians and patients.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 27 patients, and focus groups and interviews with 20 clinicians (GPs and physiotherapists) in the intervention arm of the trial. Data were analysed thematically and findings explored using Normalisation Process Theory (NPT) and the COM-B model.Main findingsRisk-based stratified care (subgrouping and matching treatments) was found to have ‘coherence’ (i.e. made sense) to several clinicians and patients, in that it was well-integrated in practice, and supported clinical decision-making. However, for some GPs stratified care was less ‘meaningful’, as the risk-stratification tool did not fit with usual ways of consulting and added to already time-pressured consultations. GPs reported giving more patients written information/advice due to easier access to electronic information leaflets through the trial template and were motivated to refer patients to physiotherapy as they believed the trial resulted in faster physiotherapy access (although this was not the case). Patients and clinicians reported that risk-based stratified care influenced conversations in the consultation, prompting greater attention to psychosocial factors, and facilitating negotiation of treatment options. Physiotherapists saw benefits in receiving information about patients’ risk subgroup on referral forms.ConclusionThese findings provide context for interpreting some of the trial outcomes, particularly in relation to changes in clinical decision-making when risk-based stratified care was used. Findings also indicate potential reasons for lack of GP engagement with risk-based stratified care. Positive outcomes were identified that were not captured in the quantitative data, specifically that risk-based stratified care positively influenced some GP-patient conversations and facilitated negotiation of treatment options.Trial registrationISRCTN15366334 (26/04/2016).
Disulfiram attenuates hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension by inhibiting GSDMD cleavage and pyroptosis in HPASMCs
Authors: Hu Shunlian , Wang Lu , Xu Yahan , Li Fajiu , Wang Tao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by progressive pulmonary arterial remodelling, associated with different severities of inflammation and altered immune processes. Disulfiram eliminates the formation of N-gasdermin D (GSDMD) plasma membrane pores to prevent pyroptosis. Pyroptosis is a form of lytic cell death characterized by inflammasome activation and proinflammatory cytokine release that acts in the development of PH. We sought to investigate whether disulfiram could alleviate hypoxia-induced PH by inhibiting pyroptosis.

Methods
To investigate whether disulfiram alleviates the progression of pulmonary hypertension, rodents were exposed to chronic hypoxia (10% oxygen, 4 weeks) to induce PH. The severity of PH was assessed by measuring right ventricular systolic pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure, and the degree of right ventricular hypertrophy. Western blotting was used to measure proteins associated with the pyroptosis pathway, and ELISA was performed to measure the secretion of IL-18 and IL-1β, both of which are the primary methods for assessing pyroptosis.

Results
IL-18 and IL-1β concentrations were higher in patients with PH than in normal controls. Disulfiram suppressed the progression of PH in mice and rats through the alleviation of pulmonary arterial remodelling. Pyroptosis-related proteins and the inflammasome were activated in rodent models of PH. Disulfiram inhibited the processing of GSDMD into N-GSDMD and attenuated the secretion of IL-1β and IL18. In vivo experiments showed that disulfiram also inhibited lytic death in HPASMCs.

Conclusions
Disulfiram treatment reduces PH progression through suppressing vascular remodelling by inhibiting GSDMD cleavage and pyroptosis. It might become a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of PH.
Inequities in ambulance allocation associated with transfer delay and mortality in acute coronary syndrome patients: evidence from 89 emergency medical stations in China
Authors: Li Siwen , Dong Xuejie , Li Dongmei , Zhang Hongjuan , Zhou Shuduo , Maimaitiming Mailikezhati , Ma Junxiong , Li Na , Zhou Qiang , Jin Yinzi , Zheng Zhi-Jie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Allocation of healthcare resources has a great influence on treatment and outcome of patients. This study aimed to access the inequality of ambulance allocation across regions, and estimate the associations between ambulance density and pre-hospital transfer time and mortality of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) patients.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was based on an integrated database of electronic medical system for 3588 ACS patients from 31 hospitals, ambulance information of 89 emergency medical stations, and public geographical information of 8 districts in Shenzhen, China. The primary outcomes were the associations between ambulance allocation and transfer delay and in-hospital mortality of ACS patients. The Theil index and Gini coefficient were used to assess the fairness and inequality degree of ambulance allocation. Logistic regression was used to model the associations.

Results
There was a significant inequality in ambulance allocation in Shenzhen (Theil index: 0.59), and the inequality of inter-districts (Theil index: 0.38) was greater than that of intra-districts (Theil index: 0.21). The gap degree of transfer delay, ambulance allocation, and mortality across districts resulted in a Gini coefficient of 0.35, 0.53, 0.65, respectively. Ambulance density was negatively associated with pre-hospital transfer time (OR = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.64,0.97, P = 0.026), with in-hospital mortality (OR = 0.31, 95%CI:0.14,0.70, P = 0.005). The ORs of Theil index in transfer time and in-hospital mortality were 1.09 (95%CI:1.01,1.10, P < 0.001) and 1.80 (95%CI:1.15,3.15, P = 0.009), respectively.

Conclusions
Regional inequities existed in ambulance allocation and has a significant impact on pre-hospital transfer delay and in-hospital mortality of ACS patients. It was suggested to increase the ambulance accessibility and conduct health education for public.
Anxiety and depression in thymoma patients in China before surgery
Authors: Li Jiaduo , Qi Guoyan , Liu Yaling 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The study's goal was to investigate the percentage of anxiety and depression in Chinese thymoma patients before surgery, and also the factors that influence it.

Methods
The study included patients who had an anterior mediastinal mass discovered by chest CT and were scheduled for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. The mental health rating scales were completed by all patients before surgery. Patients were divided into two groups based on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS): anxiety/depression and non-anxiety/depression. The association between thymoma clinical factors and the HADS score was studied statistically.

Results
The study comprised eighty patients with thymoma. Before the operation, 22.5% (18/80) of the patients had anxiety and/or depression. The resigned coping style characteristics, along with myasthenia gravis (MG), were associated with preoperative anxiety and depression. The greater the score of the resigned dimension, the greater the risk of anxiety and depression, based on the results of logical regression analysis. Thymoma patients with myasthenia gravis have a higher risk of anxiety and depression.

Conclusion
Patients with myasthenia gravis and resigned coping style were found to have higher anxiety and depression before surgery for Chinese thymoma patients.
Guts within guts: the microbiome of the intestinal helminth parasite Ascaris suum is derived but distinct from its host
Authors: Midha Ankur , Jarquín-Díaz Víctor Hugo , Ebner Friederike , Löber Ulrike , Hayani Rima , Kundik Arkadi , Cardilli Alessio , Heitlinger Emanuel , Forslund Sofia Kirke , Hartmann Susanne 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntestinal helminths are extremely prevalent among humans and animals. In particular, intestinal roundworms affect more than 1 billion people around the globe and are a major issue in animal husbandry. These pathogens live in intimate contact with the host gut microbiota and harbor bacteria within their own intestines. Knowledge of the bacterial host microbiome at the site of infection is limited, and data on the parasite microbiome is, to the best of our knowledge, non-existent.ResultsThe intestinal microbiome of the natural parasite and zoonotic macropathogen,Ascaris suumwas analyzed in contrast to the diversity and composition of the infected host gut. 16S sequencing of the parasite intestine and host intestinal compartments showed that the parasite gut has a significantly less diverse microbiome than its host, and the host gut exhibits a reduced microbiome diversity at the site of parasite infection in the jejunum. While the host’s microbiome composition at the site of infection significantly determines the microbiome composition of its parasite, microbial signatures differentiate the nematodes from their hosts as theAscarisintestine supports the growth of microbes that are otherwise under-represented in the host gut.ConclusionOur data clearly indicate that a nematode infection reduces the microbiome diversity of the host gut, and that the nematode gut represents a selective bacterial niche harboring bacteria that are derived but distinct from the host gut.
Rice flowering improves the muscle nutrient, intestinal microbiota diversity, and liver metabolism profiles of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in rice-fish symbiosis
Authors: Wang Erlong , Zhou Ya , Liang Yue , Ling Fei , Xue Xiaoshu , He Xianlin , Zhai Xuliang , Xue Yang , Zhou Chunlong , Tang Guo , Wang Gaoxue 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundRice-fish symbiosis, as an ecological and green aquaculture model, is an effective measure to relieve the environmental stress from intensive aquaculture. Compared with traditional aquaculture, the altered rearing pattern and environment will make differences in muscle nutrient and quality, intestinal microbiota, body metabolism, and even disease resistance in fish.ResultsTo investigate this, we explored the differences between rice-tilapia (aRT and bRT) and tank-tilapia (aTT and bTT) models at the periods before and after rice flowering using 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. The results showed that compared with tilapia reared in the tank model, the fish body length and weight, the muscle total umami amino acid, and monounsaturated fatty acid content were obviously higher in the rice-fish model, especially after rice flowering. Compared with other groups, the intestinal microbiota diversity of fish in the bRT group was significantly higher; the dominant microbiota wasBacteroidetesandFirmicutesat the phylum level,BacteroidesandTuricibacterat the genus level, and the relative abundances of Gram-negative, potentially pathogenic, and stress-tolerant bacteria were the highest, lowest, and highest, respectively. Besides, the differential metabolite analysis indicated that rice-fish symbiosis improved the metabolic profiles and modulated the metabolic pathways in tilapia. Moreover, the correlation analysis of 16S sequencing and metabolomics showed thatBacteroidesshowed a positive correlation with many metabolites related to amino acid, fatty acid, and lipid metabolism.ConclusionsIn summary, rice flowering improves the tilapia muscle nutrient, intestinal microbiota diversity, and disease resistance and modulates the host metabolism to acclimatize the comprehensive environment in rice-fish symbiosis. Specifically, rice flowering alters the microbiota abundance involved in amino acid, fatty acid, and lipid metabolism, resulting in improving the muscle nutrient and quality through the crosstalk of gut microbial and host metabolism. Our study will provide not only new insight into the gut microbiota-metabolism-phenotype axis, but also strong support for the promotion and application of rice-fish symbiosis in aquaculture.
Do personal resilience, coping styles, and social support prevent future psychological distress when experiencing workplace bullying? Evidence from a 1-year prospective study
Authors: Tsuno Kanami 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Although previous studies have identified that workplace bullying causes serious mental health problems to the victims, it is not yet fully investigated moderating factors on the association between workplace bullying and psychological distress. This longitudinal study, therefore, examined the moderating role of organizational resources such as supervisor support or coworker support as well as individual resources such as stress coping styles or personal resilience on the association.

Methods
A prospective cohort study for 2036 civil servants was conducted with a one-year time lag (follow-up rate: 77.2%). At baseline, Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Brief Scales for Coping Profile, and Brief Job Stress Questionnaire were used to measure workplace bullying, personal resilience, stress coping styles, and social support, respectively. Psychological distress was measured using K6 both at baseline and follow-up.

Results
The results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that workplace bullying was associated with subsequent increased psychological distress even after adjusting for individual and occupational characteristics, but its association disappeared after adjusting for psychological distress at baseline. After adjusting for psychological distress at baseline, greater resilience, greater seeking help, greater changing view, and lower avoidance were associated with lower subsequent psychological distress when being bullied. In contrast, worksite social support and family/friends support was not associated with lower subsequent psychological distress when being bullied. A significant interaction effect of workplace bullying and changing mood was observed on subsequent psychological distress.

Conclusions
The effects or moderating factors were limited on the longitudinal association between bullying and mental health because psychological distress at baseline was the strongest predictor of subsequent psychological distress.
Investigation of Cd(II) sorption by mackinawite (FeS) under anoxic conditions
Authors: Park Minji , Lee Kwang-Sik , Ryu Jungho , Song Young-Suk , Jeong Hoon Young 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMackinawite (FeS) was investigated for cadmium ion (Cd(II)) sorption under anoxic conditions. At the surface loading of Cd(II) (i.e., [Cd(II)]0/[FeS]0) ≤ 5 mmol/g, FeS quantitatively immobilized Cd(II). Adsorption and CdS precipitation were responsible for Cd(II) uptake, with their relative importance depending on [Cd(II)]0/[FeS]0. At pH 5.5–6.0, adsorption was more important when [Cd(II)]0/[FeS]0 ≤ 0.05 mmol/g. According to energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Cd(II) exhibited strong spatial correlations with S and Cl. While Cd-S correlations corresponded to CdS precipitation and/or the surface complexation of Cd(II) with sulfhydryl functional sites, Cd–Cl correlations indicated the presence of chloride-complexed Cd(II). Given the strong correlations of both pairs, the adsorbed Cd(II) was likely present in chlorosulfide forms (e.g., ≡FeS–Cd(II)–Cl). When [Cd(II)]0/[FeS]0 exceeded 0.05 mmol/g, CdS precipitation became more important. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and selected area electron diffraction revealed the formation of hawleyite (cubic CdS) at higher surface loadings. The Fe(II) species liberated during CdS precipitation were resorbed through adsorption at acidic pH and the formation of Fe (oxyhydr)oxides at neutral to basic pH. Given the greater stability of CdS than adsorbed Cd(II), the prevalence of the former suggests that FeS can serve as an effective reagent to remedy Cd(II) contamination under anoxic conditions. Due to its ubiquitous presence, FeS may also control the environmental fate and mobility of Cd(II) in sulfidic sediments.
Vortex-assisted supramolecular solvent dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction of ketoprofen and naproxen from environmental water before chromatographic analysis: response surface methodology optimisation
Authors: Ndilimeke Akawa Mpingana , Dimpe K. Mogolodi , Nomngongo Philiswa Nosizo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA microextraction procedure that is rapid and simple to extract and preconcentrate ketoprofen and naproxen is proposed. An environmentally friendly supramolecular solvent was applied as an extraction solvent and proved to be efficient in the extraction of ketoprofen and naproxen from environmental water. The design of experiment approach was used to screen, optimize significant parameters, and determine optimum experimental conditions. Under optimized experimental conditions, the vortex-assisted supramolecular solvent dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction provided a good linearity (0.57–700 µg L−1), low limits of detection (0.17–0.24 µg L−1) and extraction reproducibility below 9%. The high percentage relative recoveries (93.6–101.4%) indicated that the method is not affected by matrix. The practical applicability of the method was assessed by analysing ketoprofen and naproxen in river water and effluent wastewater samples. Both analytes were found in effluent wastewater.
Human mini-blood–brain barrier models for biomedical neuroscience research: a review
Authors: Tran Minh , Heo Chaejeong , Lee Luke P. , Cho Hansang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The human blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a unique multicellular structure that is in critical demand for fundamental neuroscience studies and therapeutic evaluation. Despite substantial achievements in creating in vitro human BBB platforms, challenges in generating specifics of physiopathological relevance are viewed as impediments to the establishment of in vitro models. In this review, we provide insight into the development and deployment of in vitro BBB models that allow investigation of the physiology and pathology of neurological therapeutic avenues. First, we highlight the critical components, including cell sources, biomaterial glue collections, and engineering techniques to reconstruct a miniaturized human BBB. Second, we describe recent breakthroughs in human mini-BBBs for investigating biological mechanisms in neurology. Finally, we discuss the application of human mini-BBBs to medical approaches. This review provides strategies for understanding neurological diseases, a validation model for drug discovery, and a potential approach for generating personalized medicine.
On equalization of fundamental education in Tibet: a case study on the trend of conditions of primary and middle schools running
Authors: Zhou Xuewen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBased on public data such as the Educational Statistics Yearbook and the National Statistics Yearbook, this paper analyzes the equalization trend of fundamental education in the Tibet Autonomous Region (hereinafter referred to as Tibet), China, using data on running conditions in primary and middle schools in Tibet from 2013 to 2020, and carries out clustering of the rankings of data from China in 2020. The results show that the equalization level of primary and middle education in Tibet has continuously improved from 2013 to 2020. This is evidenced by the increases and improvements in education funding per student, student-teacher ratios, numbers and academic qualifications of teachers, per capita teaching areas and per capita teaching assets. In 2020, the per student education fee in Tibet took the lead in China’s 31 provincial regions, and the student-teacher ratio was close to the national average. Running conditions in primary and middle schools in Tibet still require improvement. This is reflected in the low proportion of full-time teaching staff in primary and middle schools, lack of teachers with senior professional titles in middle schools, area of auxiliary teaching facilities (laboratories, computer rooms, gymnasiums, etc.) in middle schools, and especially in high schools, and shortage of teaching assets (books, computers, multimedia classrooms) in middle schools.