bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“A Painful and Tender Sympathy Pervaded Every Class of Society”
Authors: O’Leary McNeice Aoife 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Great Irish Famine was a moment of unprecedented global giving. Sympathy for the suffering Irish traversed class hierarchies and vast geographical spaces, with indentured workers in the West Indies donating alongside members of the royal family and attendees at charity balls and galas in New York, Port Elizabeth, and Surrey. This article examines the socioeconomic geographies of this giving. It provides a quantitative analysis that brings together donations from both sides of the Atlantic, approaching these donors as a single global community. This famine giving is also considered within the context of wider traditions of Western humanitarianism. The article suggests that although famine humanitarianism mobilized a vast community of donors and traversed class, gender, and ethnic groups, it was ultimately a conservative force that upheld social hierarchies and replicated the socioeconomic and racial inequalities that characterize Western humanitarianism more generally.
The Question of Ireland (2013) and A History of Stone, Origin and Myth (2016)
Authors: Morley Megs , Flanagan Tom 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Curated Spaces features two projects by the artists and filmmakers Megs Morley and Tom Flanagan. The Question of Ireland (2013) is a cross-disciplinary film installation that attempts to provoke the relationship between the language of politics, performance, and cinema. A History of Stone, Origin and Myth (2016) is a nonnarrative film essay that explores the space between individual memory and national history through the lens of political monuments found throughout Ireland that relate to Irish rebellion, the 1916 Rising, and the foundation of the state.
The Wages and Price of Whiteness
Authors: Joseph Ebun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Despite the Irish experience of white-on-white racism, can any predominantly white country in the global North be free of white supremacy? It has been argued that the Irish became white. What was the cost of becoming white? What does Ireland endorse in accepting this construct of whiteness? This article attempts to answer these questions with a contemporary analysis of the wages of whiteness in Ireland against the backdrop of Irish history. It argues that the recategorization of the Irish as white and the subsequent change in positioning on the racial ladder came at a price of subscribing to white supremacy. It presents white supremacy as the unacknowledged, everyday positioning of white superiority, as opposed to white extremism, and argues that whiteness is employed as a determinant of Irishness. The article ends by arguing that history can either reify or debunk white supremacy, and calling for a decolonized narrative in Ireland.
Hicks, Homos, and Home Cooking
Authors: Menrisky Alexander 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis essay draws on critical studies of food, race, class, and environment to consider food's role in the cultivation of queer literary and political cultures in Appalachia. Texts such as Jeff Mann's Loving Mountains, Loving Men, a collection of poetry and essays, speak to a double-bind in which queer Appalachian writers often profess to find themselves: on the one hand, dismissed as coal-loving “white trash” by urban environmentalists; on the other, subjected to right-wing violence at home. Mann's writing negotiates this tension through poetic engagement with “hillbilly” gustatory traditions—namely, by adopting the recipe form. These poems, and the acts of foraging, preparing, and sharing food they represent, articulate queer communities gathered around tactile experiences of place. They also illustrate the promises and pitfalls of the recipe's representational potential. On the one hand, defining food by its regional character risks reiterating essentialist notions of nature and identity. On the other, focusing on food's disruption of conventional material boundaries neglects the lived social conditions facing marginalized peoples in the region. By focusing on the open-ended preparation of food rather than the end product, Mann mediates these extremes, typifying foodways, region, and queerness alike as ongoing phenomena.
Emerging roles of mitotic autophagy
Authors: Almacellas Eugenia , Mauvezin Caroline 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTLysosomes exert pleiotropic functions to maintain cellular homeostasis and degrade autophagy cargo. Despite the great advances that have boosted our understanding of autophagy and lysosomes in both physiology and pathology, their function in mitosis is still controversial. During mitosis, most organelles are reshaped or repurposed to allow the correct distribution of chromosomes. Mitotic entry is accompanied by a reduction in sites of autophagy initiation, supporting the idea of an inhibition of autophagy to protect the genetic material against harmful degradation. However, there is accumulating evidence revealing the requirement of selective autophagy and functional lysosomes for a faithful chromosome segregation. Degradation is the most-studied lysosomal activity, but recently described alternative functions that operate in mitosis highlight the lysosomes as guardians of mitotic progression. Because the involvement of autophagy in mitosis remains controversial, it is important to consider the specific contribution of signalling cascades, the functions of autophagic proteins and the multiple roles of lysosomes, as three entangled, but independent, factors controlling genomic stability. In this Review, we discuss the latest advances in this area and highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting autophagy for drug development.
Divine Thoughts and the Corruption of the Will in Doctor Faustus
Authors: Pensky Nathan 
Published: June 2022

In act 2 scene 1 of Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus, the title character professes that ‘hell is a fable’. But how could Faustus not believe in hell, standing in the presence of a devil that he himself only recently conjured? What is the philosophical difference in the play between ‘experience’, as Mephistopheles describes it, and Faustus’s lack of understanding on the state of his soul? This article discusses the controversy between Ockhamist and Thomist epistemology, and places Faustus within early modern debates concerning the status of knowledge and its effect on the soul’s search for God.
Existence and Complexity of Approximate Equilibria in Weighted Congestion Games
Authors: Christodoulou George , Gairing Martin , Giannakopoulos Yiannis , Poças Diogo , Waldmann Clara 
Published: June 2022

We study the existence of approximate pure Nash equilibria (α-PNE) in weighted atomic congestion games with polynomial cost functions of maximum degree d. Previously, it was known that d-PNE always exist, whereas nonexistence was established only for small constants, namely, for 1.153-PNE. We improve significantly upon this gap, proving that such games in general do not have [Formula: see text]-PNE, which provides the first superconstant lower bound. Furthermore, we provide a black-box gap-introducing method of combining such nonexistence results with a specific circuit gadget, in order to derive NP-completeness of the decision version of the problem. In particular, by deploying this technique, we are able to show that deciding whether a weighted congestion game has an [Formula: see text]-PNE is NP-complete. Previous hardness results were known only for the special case of exact equilibria and arbitrary cost functions. The circuit gadget is of independent interest, and it allows us to also prove hardness for a variety of problems related to the complexity of PNE in congestion games. For example, we demonstrate that the question of existence of α-PNE, in which a certain set of players plays a specific strategy profile, is NP-hard for any [Formula: see text], even for unweighted congestion games. Finally, we study the existence of approximate equilibria in weighted congestion games with general (nondecreasing) costs, as a function of the number of players n. We show that n-PNE always exists, matched by an almost tight nonexistence bound of [Formula: see text], which we can again transform into an NP-completeness proof for the decision problem. Funding: Supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation with funds from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). D. Poças was also funded by FCT via LASIGE Research Unit, ref. UIDB/00408/2020 and ref. UIDP/00408/2020.
The review of initial complainant conduct: a tool to assist in the early identification of unusually persistent complainants
Authors: Skilling Gordon , McIntosh Lindsey Gilling , Thomson Lindsay DG 
Published: June 2022

Background/Aims Previous research has identified a set of early warning signs of complainants most likely to become unusually persistent. Further research was recommended to devise a tool to assist in the early recognition of such complainants. This study aimed to devise and validate a tool to assist in the early identification of complainants who are most likely to become unusually persistent. Methods A 10-item tool (the review of initial complainant conduct) was developed using previously-identified warning signs. The tool was validated using retrospective data from a group of complainants taken from the Scottish Public Services Ombudsman. Results A revised eight-item review of initial complainant conduct tool provided optimum sensitivity and specificity. Complainants who scored two or more out of eight on the tool were five times more likely to become unusually persistent. Conclusions The review of initial complainant conduct is a valid, reliable tool for the early identification of complainants who are most likely to become unusually persistent. Its use would potentially allow appropriate management strategies to improve outcomes for complainants and for service improvements to be implemented.
Job satisfaction in emergency departments: a comparative study of public and private hospitals
Authors: Al Smadi Audai Naji , Tengku Mohammad Ariff , Abugabah Ahed , Wan Wan Pauzi Bin 
Published: June 2022

Background/Aims Evaluating job satisfaction levels among healthcare staff can inform decision making for managers. Various factors can affect job satisfaction. This study investigated and compared job satisfaction among healthcare staff working in private and public emergency departments in Jordan. Methods A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 475 staff members, of which 286 were returned and analysed (50% from private hospitals). Descriptive analysis, independent sample t-tests and multiple regression analysis were used to compare the results based on hospital type and participant characteristics. Results Staff working in public emergency departments had significantly lower levels of job satisfaction than those working in private emergency departments (P<0.001). The lowest scoring domain across both groups was promotion and compensation. Doctors were more likely to have low job satisfaction than staff in other job roles. Conclusions Assessing job satisfaction is important for ensuring staff wellbeing and retention. Further research is needed to understand why staff in public hospitals have lower levels of job satisfaction and what could be done to address this.
Improving the weekend spinal ward round at a major trauma centre
Authors: Parwaiz Hammad , Trew Christopher AJ , Whitham Robert , Aliaga-Crespo Boris , Mitra Aveek , Harding Ian 
Published: June 2022

Background/Aims Documentation is key for communicating between members of the multidisciplinary team, allowing for better care, but documentation for spinal patients in the authors' centre was poor. Methods Every ward round encounter was analysed for six weekends. Data were analysed and presented to the department. A weekend ward round proforma was designed to help improve ward-round documentation. Ward round entries were then re-audited over four weekends to assess the usefulness of the new proforma. Results A total of 69 patient encounters were analysed in cycle 1, 58 in cycle 2 and 92 in cycle 3. In cycle 1, 80% of encounters had inadequate documentation. Following introduction of the ward round proforma there was a significant improvement in documentation in six out of fields, which was maintained in four out of seven fields 2 years later. Conclusions The authors believe that this improvement may avoid adverse effects on patient care, streamline doctors' time and reduce medicolegal consequences.
Optical–electrical characteristic of green based on GaN micro-LED arrays
Authors: Tian Wenya , Wu Yongshuan , Wu Tianxiang , Dou Long , Xiao Jinqing , Li Junhui 
Published: June 2022

A detailed theoretical derivation and calculation method of the difference coefficient between a light distribution pattern of a

30

×

20

µ

m

2

green micro-LED array and Lambert source is proposed first in this paper, to the best of our knowledge, which establishes an accurate relationship between external quantum efficiency and current efficiency (cd/A). The variation of capacitance with voltage and wavelength blueshift is illustrated by a carrier recombination mechanism. The current efficiency reaches 132.5 cd/A for the

60

×

50

µ

m

2

and 121.7 cd/A for the

25

×

15

µ

m

2

arrays, and the mechanism caused by size dependence is analyzed in detail combined with the classical ABC model.
Design method of a wide-angle AR display with a single-layer two-dimensional pupil expansion geometrical waveguide
Authors: Cheng Dewen , Wang Qiwei , Wei Li , Wang Ximeng , Zhou Lijun , Hou Qichao , Duan Jiaxi , Yang Tong , Wang Yongtian 
Published: June 2022

Waveguide near-eye displays (NEDs) consist of a planar waveguide combiner and a coupling-in projection system. A two-dimensional geometrical waveguide (TDGW) can achieve an ultra-thin, large exit pupil diameter (XPD), wide-angle NED. The design method of a single-layer TDGW is presented and discussed in detail in this paper. A high-precision processing technology that can effectively guarantee the parallelism accuracy is also presented. A miniature coupling-in projection optics is designed with a catadioptric structure and integrated with the waveguide accordingly. Finally, a TDGW with a thickness of 1.75 mm is designed and analyzed. The results show that the stray light over the normal light is less than 0.5%, and the illuminance uniformity is well optimized. The field of view is up to 55°, and the XPD exceeds

12

m
m

×

10

m
m

at an eye relief (ERF) of 18 mm. A proof-of-concept prototype was fabricated and demonstrated.
The effects of population management on wild ungulates: A systematic map of evidence for UK species
Authors: Barton Owain , Gresham Amy , Healey John R. , Cordes Line S. , Shannon Graeme 
Published: June 2022

Introduction
Over recent decades, the abundance and geographic ranges of wild ungulate species have expanded in many parts of Europe, including the UK. Populations are managed to mitigate their ecological impacts using interventions, such as shooting, fencing and administering contraception. Predicting how target species will respond to interventions is critical for developing sustainable, effective and efficient management strategies. However, the quantity and quality of evidence of the effects of interventions on ungulate species is unclear. To address this, we systematically mapped research on the effects of population management on wild ungulate species resident in the UK.

Methods
We searched four bibliographic databases, Google Scholar and nine organisational websites using search terms tested with a library of 30 relevant articles. Worldwide published peer-reviewed articles were considered, supplemented by ‘grey’ literature from UK-based sources. Three reviewers identified and screened articles for eligibility at title, abstract and full-text levels, based on predefined criteria. Data and metadata were extracted and summarised in a narrative synthesis supported by structured graphical matrices.

Results
A total of 123 articles were included in the systematic map. Lethal interventions were better represented (85%, n = 105) than non-lethal interventions (25%, n = 25). Outcomes related to demography and behaviour were reported in 95% of articles (n = 117), whereas effects on health, physiology and morphology were studied in only 11% of articles (n = 14). Well-studied species included wild pigs (n = 58), red deer (n = 28) and roe deer (n = 23).

Conclusions
Evidence for the effects of population management on wild ungulate species is growing but currently limited and unevenly distributed across intervention types, outcomes and species. Priorities for primary research include: species responses to non-lethal interventions, the side-effects of shooting and studies on sika deer and Chinese muntjac. Shooting is the only intervention for which sufficient evidence exists for systematic review or meta-analysis.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Masyeni Sri , Nelwan Erni Juwita , Fatawy Rois Muqsith , Wibawa Surya , Nugraha Putu Arya , Antara Jarwa , Suparta Adi , Asmara D. G. Wedha , Yenny L. G. Sri , Budhitresna A. A. G. , Arimas Dewi , Indriani Dewi , Parwata Kmg , Sutarjana Ketut , Sugiartha Eka , Kahari Siska , Wardhana Clareza Arief , Indraningrat A. A. G. , Mulyantari Kadek , Pasek Arya Widiyana , Putrawan Oka , Yustiani Nyoman Trisna , Wardana Gede , Wijaya Made Indra , Aryana Suka , Gayatri Yuli , Sukmawati Dewi Dian , Suastika Ketut , Merati Tuti Parwati , Bakta Made , Widiana Raka 
Published: June 2022

Introduction
The spectrum of illness and outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients may vary. This study reports the characteristics of COVID-19 patients in Bali, Indonesia, and evaluates the diagnostic value of their clinical symptoms.

Method
This observational study was conducted in eight hospitals. The patients were classified as non-severe COVID-19, severe COVID-19, and non-COVID-19. Demographics, clinical, laboratory, and radiologic characteristics, and outcomes of COVID-19 patients were collected. Factors associated with the severity and outcomes were assessed using the chi-squared test or ANOVA when appropriate. We also compared the clinical features of non-severe COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy.

Results
This study included 92 patients: 41 non-COVID-19 and 51 COVID-19 patients, comprising 45 non-severe and six severe cases. The most common symptoms of COVID-19 were cough (47.1%), fever (31.0%), and dyspnea (25.3%). Cough, fatigue, and anosmia have high accuracy, and combining these complaints in clinical diagnostics offered a higher accuracy in predicting COVID-19 patients (60.1%). We found lower lymphocyte counts and interleukin-1R levels and higher levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8 in severe compared than in non-severe COVID-19 patients. Lactate dehydrogenase was associated with intensive care unit admission and ventilator use, while other markers such as neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 were not.

Conclusion
A battery of symptoms, including cough, fatigue, and anosmia, is likely associated with COVID-19 in Bali. Clinicians should be aware of these symptoms to ensure a prompt diagnostic test for COVID-19, beyond other causes of acute febrile illnesses.
Evaluation of surface roughness parameters of anatomical structures models of the mandible made with additive techniques from selected polymeric materials
Authors: Turek Paweł 
Published: June 2022

Making a template or implant for surgery is not a simple task. This is especially true of the craniofacial area, which consists of bone tissues with a very complex geometry. Titanium alloys are still used in medicine as implantable materials. However, due to the continuous improvement of mechanical and functional properties, the scope of polymeric materials application in medicine is expanding. Each model used directly or indirectly during a surgical procedure must meet many conditions. One of them is to obtain the appropriate condition of the surface layer, which has a significant impact on the reactions between the applied surgical template or implant and the living organism. Knowledge of the printed models made of polymeric materials surface roughness parameters may allow the targeted modification planning of the surface layer, allowing better application during the procedure. In this study, the research on the comparative analysis of the obtained values of surface roughness parameters of the anatomical structures of the mandible made of selected polymer materials with the use of additive techniques was presented. In the research process, the following materials were used: polylactic acid (PLA), polycarbonate (PC), three photo polyacrylic resins (marked in the manuscript as AR1, AR2 and AR3) and polyamide (PA11). On the basis of them, physical models of the mandible lateral sections were made using 3D printing techniques. Measurements of the model surfaces geometric structure were carried out using a 3D contact profilometer. In the process of determining the surface roughness, the measurement data was filtered in accordance with the ISO 4288 standard. As a final result, selected amplitude parameters and three-dimensional visualization of the surface roughness of the tested models were presented.
Przerywanie ciąży – rozważania w świetle orzeczenia Trybunału Konstytucyjnego w sprawie K 1/20
Authors: Szudejko Piotr 
Published: June 2022

The article presents the issues of legal regulation of termination of pregnancy in the context of the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court (CC), in particular the ruling in the case K 1/20.The discussion opens with an analysis of models of abortion practices regulations, as well as the solutions adopted in the Polish legal system, with a short historical introduction. It is emphasized how important is the issue, which results from the fundamental differences in worldviews between the supporters and opponents of the permissibility of the practice of termination of pregnancy, which is expressed in the name given to this medical practice.The right to life as an element of the human rights system is discussed, both in terms of international law and the provisions of the Polish constitution.Next, the Polish provisions on the admissibility of termination of pregnancy are presented along with a historical outline, with particular emphasis on the ruling in the case K 26/96. Based on the above discussion, the resolution in the case K 1/20 was discussed, in which the CC found the so-called embryopathological premise for termination of pregnancy to be incompatible with Polish Constitution. A polemic with the justiﬁcation of the decision is presented, including the errors of interpreta-tion committed by the CC with regard to the constitutional and international form of the right to the protection of life. It is indicated that in the Polish legal system only the right to protection of life exists, not the right to life, which is referred to both by the CC and most of the doctrine.Despite the fact that this resolution does not remove the norm from the legal system, the author draws attention to the practical consequences of issuing it, in particular the occurrence of the so-called ‘chilling effect’ and unjustiﬁed activity of the law enforcement authorities.The ﬁnal part of the article presents conclusions on how to legally regulate the termination of pregnancy.