bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aspectos gerais da Anemia Infecciosa Equina (AIE)
Authors: Lima Tiago Silva , Pacheco Leonardo Ribas , Silva Regiane Pereira Benevides , Souza Melyssa Silva , Oliveira Raquel Moreira , Barbosa Cristiane de Jesus , Ribas Jorge Raimundo Lins , Barbosa Luciana Veiga 
Published: April 2022

A Anemia Infecciosa Eqüina (AIE), causada pelo Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), é uma das principais doenças virais que acometem equinos, asininos, e muares. É encontrada em todas as regiões do Brasil. O vírus é propagado por insetos hematófagos do gênero Tabanus sp. e por Stomoxys calcitrans. A AIE é, até o momento, uma doença incurável, não existindo vacina ou tratamento eficiente. Em virtude dos sinais clínicos inespecíficos e da possibilidade da presença de animais infectados assintomáticos, é fundamental a realização periódica dos testes sorológicos visando a detectar precocemente os animais portadores do vírus. Considerando a severidade da AIE, este artigo tem por objetivos discutir aspectos da doença como histórico e epidemiologia, características do agente etiológico, transmissão, patogenia, sinais clínicos, diagnóstico e consequências, uma vez que animais infectados podem se tornar potenciais transmissores do EIAV. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados Google Acadêmico, PubVet e Scielo, nos idiomas português e inglês considerando os últimos 22 anos. Os termos de pesquisa e descritores utilizados foram "anemia infecciosa equina” e/ou “soroprevalência” e/ou “prevalência” e/ou “vírus” e/ou “EIAV” e/ou diagnóstico. Inicialmente foram pré-selecionadas 40 publicações e posteriormente, 28 foram selecionadas para embasar este estudo.
Avaliação nutricional antropométrica de crianças acompanhadas pela Atenção Básica
Authors: Costa Patrycia Conceição de Almeida , Lima Claudia Moreira de , Nóbrega Paula Fernanda Albonette de , Santos Claudia Cristina dos , Alves Julia de Souza , Gomes Patrícia Pereira , Magalhães Dayane dos Santos Souza , Dantas Dennislaine Alves Lima 
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: avaliar o estado nutricional de crianças bem como listar fatores associados a condição de saúde averiguada. Método: estudo transversal, desenvolvido em sete Estratégias de Saúde da Família - ESF’s de uma região do médio norte do estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. O perfil nutricional foi avaliado segundo os índices Peso-para-idade, Estatura-para-idade e Peso-para-estatura (n = 66), com auxílio do programa WHO Anthro, e aplicação de questionário ao representante legal, a fim de traçar o perfil socioeconômico, com associação estimada aplicando-se o teste de associação de Pearson. Resultados: evidenciou-se um estado nutricional inadequado nas crianças, com maior índice de sobrepeso ou obesidade, para o sexo feminino e entre menores de 3 anos de idade. Conclusão: aponta-se para um desequilíbrio nutricional entre as crianças sendo este um problema de saúde pública ascendente, e um grande desafio para a atenção primária em promover hábitos alimentares saudáveis desde a infância.
Characterization of Polymer Degrading Lipases, LIP1 and LIP2 From Pseudomonas chlororaphis PA23
Authors: Mohanan Nisha , Wong Chun Hin , Budisa Nediljko , Levin David B. 
Published: April 2022

The outstanding metabolic and bioprotective properties of the bacterial genusPseudomonasmake these species a potentially interesting source for the search of hydrolytic activities that could be useful for the degradation of plastics. We identified two genes encoding the intracellular lipases LIP1 and LIP2 of the biocontrol bacteriumPseudomonas chlororaphisPA23 and subsequently performed cloning and expression inEscherichia coli. Thelip1gene has an open reading frame of 828 bp and encodes a protein of 29.7 kDa whereas thelip2consists of 834 bp and has a protein of 30.2 kDa. Although secondary structure analyses of LIP1 and LIP2 indicate a dominant α/β-hydrolase-fold, the two proteins differ widely in their amino acid sequences (15.39% identity), substrate specificities, and hydrolysis rates. Homology modeling indicates the catalytic serine in both enzymes located in a GXSXG sequence motif (lipase box). However, LIP1 has a catalytic triad of Ser152-His253-Glu221 with a GGX-type oxyanion pocket, whereas LIP2 has Ser138-His249-Asp221 in its active site and a GX-type of oxyanion hole residues. However, LIP1 has a catalytic triad of Ser152-His253-Glu221 with an oxyanion pocket of GGX-type, whereas LIP2 has Ser138-His249-Asp221 in its active site and a GX-type of oxyanion hole residues. Our three-dimensional models of LIP1 and LIP2 complexed with a 3-hydroxyoctanoate dimer revealed the core α/β hydrolase-type domain with an exposed substrate binding pocket in LIP1 and an active-site capped with a closing lid domain in LIP2. The recombinant LIP1 was optimally active at 45°C and pH 9.0, and the activity improved in the presence of Ca2+. LIP2 exhibited maximum activity at 40°C and pH 8.0, and was unaffected by Ca2+. Despite different properties, the enzymes exhibited broadsubstrate specificity and were able to hydrolyze short chain length and medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), polylactic acid (PLA), and para-nitrophenyl (pNP) alkanoates. Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) analysis showed a decrease in the molecular weight of the polymers after incubation with LIP1 and LIP2. The enzymes also manifested some polymer-degrading activity on petroleum-based polymers such as poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and polyethylene succinate (PES), suggesting that these enzymes could be useful for biodegradation of synthetic polyester plastics. The study will be the first report of the complete characterization of intracellular lipases from bacterial and/orPseudomonasspecies. The lipases, LIP1 and LIP2 are different from other bacterial lipases/esterases in having broad substrate specificity for polyesters.
EpCAM as a Novel Biomarker for Survivals in Prostate Cancer Patients
Authors: Liao Yang , Wu Mingxin , Jia Yingjie , Mou Ruiyu , Li Xiaojiang 
Published: April 2022

Background: Due to the insufficient understanding of the biological mechanisms, the improvement of therapeutic effects of prostate cancer (PCa) is limited. There is an urgent need to find the molecular mechanisms and underlying PCa to improve its early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.Methods: The mRNA expression profiles, survival and methylation data of PRAD were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analyses were performed by R software. Subsequently, we identified the key gene and validated its prognostic role from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database, UALCAN and the LinkedOmics database. We performd correlation analysis and constructed the ceRNA network based on the data obtained from miRbase and starBase. Finally, we performed methylation analysis and evaluated the immune cell infiltration by Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER).Results: A total of 567 DEGs were identified in PCa. ARHGEF38, SLPI, EpCAM, C1QTNF1, and HBB were regarded as target genes related to favorable overall survival (OS). Among them, EpCAM was considered as the most significant gene through the HPA database and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. A prognostic ceRNA network was constructed with EBLN3P, miR-204-5p, and EpCAM. EpCAM was found to be related to DNA methylation and tumor-infiltrating immune cells.Conclusion: Our findings provide novel insights into the tumorigenesis mechanism of PCa and contribute to the development of EpCAM as a potential prognostic biomarker in PCa.
Evaluation of the Combination of Artificial Intelligence and Radiologist Assessments to Interpret Malignant Architectural Distortion on Mammography
Authors: Wan Yun , Tong Yunfei , Liu Yuanyuan , Huang Yan , Yao Guoyan , Chen Daniel Q. , Liu Bo 
Published: April 2022

PurposeTo compare the mammographic malignant architectural distortion (AD) detection performance of radiologists who read mammographic examinations unaided versus those who read these examinations with the support of artificial intelligence (AI) systems.Material and MethodsThis retrospective case-control study was based on a double-reading of clinical mammograms between January 2011 and December 2016 at a large tertiary academic medical center. The study included 177 malignant and 90 benign architectural distortion (AD) patients. The model was built based on the ResNeXt-50 network. Algorithms used deep learning convolutional neural networks, feature classifiers, image analysis algorithms to depict AD and output a score that translated to malignant. The accuracy for malignant AD detection was evaluated using area under the curve (AUC).ResultsThe overall AUC was 0.733 (95% CI, 0.673-0.792) for Reader First-1, 0.652 (95% CI, 0.586-0.717) for Reader First-2, and 0.655 (95% CI, 0.590-0.719) for Reader First-3. and the overall AUCs for Reader Second-1, 2, 3 were 0.875 (95% CI, 0.830-0.919), 0.882 (95% CI, 0.839-0.926), 0.884 (95% CI, 0.841-0.927),respectively. The AUCs for all the reader-second radiologists were significantly higher than those for all the reader-first radiologists (Reader First-1 vs. Reader Second-1, P= 0.004). The overall AUC was 0.792 (95% CI, 0.660-0.925) for AI algorithms. The combination assessment of AI algorithms and Reader First-1 achieved an AUC of 0.880 (95% CI, 0.793-0.968), increased than the Reader First-1 alone and AI algorithms alone. AI algorithms alone achieved a specificity of 61.1% and a sensitivity of 80.6%. The specificity for Reader First-1 was 55.5%, and the sensitivity was 86.1%. The results of the combined assessment of AI and Reader First-1 showed a specificity of 72.7% and sensitivity of 91.7%. The performance showed significant improvements compared with AI alone (p&lt;0.001) as well as the reader first-1 alone (p=0.006).ConclusionWhile the single AI algorithm did not outperform radiologists, an ensemble of AI algorithms combined with junior radiologist assessments were found to improve the overall accuracy. This study underscores the potential of using machine learning methods to enhance mammography interpretation, especially in remote areas and primary hospitals.
Drug Therapies for COPD: A Bibliometric Review From 1980 to 2021
Authors: Zhen Gao , Yingying Liu , Jingcheng Dong 
Published: April 2022

Objective: To analyze all chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) drugs-related articles that were indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database until August 28, 2021 using bibliometric analysis, in order to provide a reliable reference for the treatment of COPD.Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted to analyze all COPD drugs-related articles using WOSCC database from inception to August 28, 2021. Abstracts and potentially eligible articles, which were retrieved during literature search, were screened by two reviewers. Besides, the CiteSpace (5.8.R1) software was utilized to analyze the overall structure of the network, the network clusters, the links between clusters, the key nodes or pivot points, and the pathways.Results: A total of 2552 COPD-drugs related articles were retrieved. From the perspective of categorization of published articles based on country, the United States is the country with the largest number of published articles and completed clinical trials, highlighting the important role of this country in the treatment of COPD. However, in terms of the proportion of ongoing clinical trials, China has the highest proportion, suggesting that China will play a more pivotal role in the medication of COPD in the future. From the perspective of cooperation among countries, the cooperation among European countries was closer than that among Asian countries. In the recent three decades, the top 20 institutions, with a particular concentration on the treatment of COPD, were from North America and Europe. The co-citation analysis showed that, among 2,552 articles, 53154 citations were recorded, and the co-citation network indicated that 24 clusters could be achieved.Conclusion: The administration of bronchodilators and pulmonary drug delivery systems, as well as consideration of elderly COPD patients remained the hotspots, while triple therapy and comorbidity of COPD, as well as the prevention and treatment of elderly COPD patients had been frontiers in recent years.
Drug-Induced Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions: Insights Into Clinical Presentation, Immunopathogenesis, Diagnostic Methods, Treatment, and Pharmacogenomics
Authors: Tempark Therdpong , John Shobana , Rerknimitr Pawinee , Satapornpong Patompong , Sukasem Chonlaphat 
Published: April 2022

SCARs are rare and life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions. In general, the increased duration of hospital stays and the associated cost burden are common issues, and in the worst-case scenario, they can result in mortality. SCARs are delayed T cell-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. Recovery can take from 2 weeks to many months after dechallenging the culprit drugs. Genetic polymorphism of the HLA genes may change the selection and presentation of antigens, allowing toxic drug metabolites to initiate immunological reactions. However, each SCARs has a different onset latency period, clinical features, or morphological pattern. This explains that, other than HLA mutations, other immuno-pathogenesis may be involved in drug-induced severe cutaneous reactions. This review will discuss the clinical morphology of various SCARs, various immune pathogenesis models, diagnostic criteria, treatments, the association of various drug-induced reactions and susceptible alleles in different populations, and the successful implementation of pharmacogenomics in Thailand for the prevention of SCARs.
Orphan Nuclear Receptor NR4A2 Is Constitutively Expressed in Cartilage and Upregulated in Inflamed Synovium From hTNF-Alpha Transgenic Mice
Authors: Lilley Cullen M. , Alarcon Andrea , Ngo My-Huyen , Araujo Jackeline S. , Marrero Luis , Mix Kimberlee S. 
Published: April 2022

Orphan nuclear receptor 4A2 (NR4A2/Nurr1) is a constitutively active transcription factor with potential roles in the onset and progression of inflammatory arthropathies. NR4A2 is overexpressed in synovium and cartilage from individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis, and osteoarthritis. This study documents the expression and tissue localization of NR4A2 and upstream regulator nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in the human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (hTNF-α) transgenic mouse model of RA. Since TNF-α is a potent inducer of NR4A2in vitro, we hypothesized that NR4A2 would also be upregulated and active during disease progression in this model. Expression levels of NR4A2, related receptors NR4A1 (Nur77) and 3 (NOR1), and NF-κB1transcripts were quantified by RT-qPCR in hTNF-α and wild-type joints at three stages of disease. The protein distribution of NR4A2 and NF-κB subunit RelA (p65) was analyzed by quantitative immunohistochemistry. Global gene expression of 88 RA-related genes was also screened and compared between groups. Consistent with previous reports on the hTNF-α model, transgenic mice exhibited significant weight loss and severely swollen paws by 19 weeks of age compared to age-matched wild-type controls. NR4A1-3 and NF-κB1were constitutively expressed at disease onset and in healthy joints. NF-κB1transcript levels increased 2-fold in hTNF-α paws with established disease (12 weeks), followed by a 2-fold increase in NR4A2 at the late disease stage (19 weeks). NR4A2 and RelA proteins were overexpressed in inflamed synovium prior to symptoms of arthritis, suggesting that gene expression changes documented in whole paws were largely driven by elevated expression in diseased synovium. Broader screening of RA-related genes by RT-qPCR identified several differentially expressed genes in hTNF-α joints including those encoding inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, matrix-degrading enzymes and inhibitors, cell surface receptors, intracellular signaling proteins and transcription factors. Consensus binding sites for NR4A receptors and NF-κB1were enriched in the promoters of differentially expressed genes suggesting central roles for these transcription factors in this model. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of NR4A2 in an animal model of RA and validates the hTNF-α model for testing of small molecules and genetic strategies targeting this transcription factor.
The Expression of Cytokine Profiles and Related Receptors in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies
Authors: Zhou Junyu , Zhao Lijuan , Xiao Yizhi , Xie Shasha , Long Ying , Wei Yu , Meng Qiming , Li Xiaojing , Luo Hui , Zhu Honglin 
Published: April 2022

Background: Cytokines play a vital role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs). Here, we investigated the expression of serum cytokine profiles in untreated IIMs and their correlations with clinical indicators, and further studied the expression of related cytokines receptors in IIMs.Methods: The Human 48-Plex Luminex assay for cytokines was performed in the serum of IIMs, including 93 untreated and 18 follow-up (39 samples) patients, and 32 healthy controls (HC). Mann-Whitney U test with bonferroni adjusted was used to identify the differentially expressed cytokines among groups. Celltalker software was used to identify the receptors of differentially expressed cytokines. The expression of receptors was further validated by published GEO datasets (muscle, blood and skin), RT-qPCR, western blot and flow cytometry.Results: The serum levels of Eotaxin, IL7, IL18, IP10, MCP1, MCSF, MIG and SCGFβ were elevated in the 93 untreated patients. Except for IL7, all other cytokines were decreased after treatment and their levels were positively correlated with clinical indices such as LDH, ESR, CRP, ALT, IgA, AST and IgG while negatively correlated with albumin and MMT8. According to the serum myositis-specific antibodies (MSAs), patients were classified into three groups: anti-ARS (Jo-1, OJ, EJ, PL7, PL12), anti-MDA5 positive, and anti-TIF1γ positive. Compared with HC, the levels of IP10 and MIG were increased in three groups. Moreover, IL18 and MSCF were increased in anti-ARS patients, and CTACK, Eotaxin, IL1Rα, IL7, IL18, MCP1, MCP3, MCSF and SCGFβ were elevated in anti-MDA5 patients. Twenty receptors of the 8 differentially expressed cytokines were matched by celltalker software, among them, IL18R1 and CCR1 were up-regulated in blood, muscle and skin of IIMs from the analysis of GEO published datasets. RT-qPCR and western blot further validated IL18R1 was upregulated in the muscle tissues of dermatomyositis. The number of IL18R1+CD4+ cells was increased while IL18R1+CD8+ cells was decreased in peripheral blood of anti-MDA5 patients.Conclusion: This study showed that cytokine profiles were significantly changed in IIMs, and different MSA groups had unique cytokine expression patterns. The levels of some cytokine were correlated with clinical indices. The IL18 receptor IL18R1 might play important roles in IIMs.
A Series of Genes for Predicting Responses to Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor α Therapy in Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Nie Kai , Zhang Chao , Deng Minzi , Luo Weiwei , Ma Kejia , Xu Jiahao , Wu Xing , Yang Yuanyuan , Wang Xiaoyan 
Published: April 2022

Background: Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) experience severely reduced quality of life, particularly those who do not respond to conventional therapies. Antitumor necrosis factor (TNF)α is commonly used as first-line therapy; however, many patients remain unresponsive to this treatment, and the identification of response predictors could facilitate the improvement of therapeutic strategies.Methods: We screened Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) microarray cohorts with different anti-TNFα responses in patients with CD (discovery cohort) and explored the hub genes. The finding was confirmed in independent validation cohorts, and multiple algorithms and in vitro cellular models were performed to further validate the core predictor.Results: We screened four discovery datasets. Differentially expressed genes between anti-TNFα responders and nonresponders were confirmed in each cohort. Gene ontology enrichment revealed that innate immunity was involved in the anti-TNFα response in patients with CD. Prediction analysis of microarrays provided the minimum misclassification of genes, and the constructed network containing the hub genes supported the core status of TLR2. Furthermore, GSEA also supports TLR2 as the core predictor. The top hub genes were then validated in the validation cohort (GSE159034; p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, ROC analyses demonstrated the significant predictive value of TLR2 (AUC: 0.829), TREM1 (AUC: 0.844), and CXCR1 (AUC: 0.841). Moreover, TLR2 expression in monocytes affected the immune–epithelial inflammatory response and epithelial barrier during lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: Bioinformatics and experimental research identified TLR2, TREM1, CXCR1, FPR1, and FPR2 as promising candidates for predicting the anti-TNFα response in patients with Crohn’s disease and especially TLR2 as a core predictor.
Effect of Crocin From Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) Supplementation on Oxidant/Antioxidant Markers, Exercise Capacity, and Pulmonary Function Tests in COPD Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Ghobadi Hassan , Abdollahi Nasim , Madani Hanieh , Aslani Mohammad Reza 
Published: April 2022

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive and chronic respiratory disorder characterized by reversible airflow limitation and lung parenchyma destruction. The main feature of COPD is inflammation and disturbance of the oxidant/antioxidant balance in the airways. The therapeutic use of herbal supplements with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties seems to be very useful in the medical management of patients with COPD.Method: COPD patients were divided into placebo and intervention groups (each group n = 23) in a clinical trial study. The intervention group received crocin supplementation (30 mg/day for 12 weeks), and the control group received a placebo. Pre- and after the intervention, pulmonary function tests (PFTs), exercise capacity (using a 6-min walking distance test (6MWD)), and serum levels of total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), and NF-kB were assessed using the ELISA test.Results: Intervention with crocin for 12 weeks in COPD patients decreased serum levels of TOS and NF-κB as well as increased TAOC. In addition, the results of the 6MWD test reveal an improvement in patients’ exercise capacity.Conclusion: Crocin supplementation appears to effectively establish oxidant/antioxidant balance and improve inflammatory conditions in patients with COPD.