bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Workplace Bullying and Job Satisfaction on Turnover Intention of Employee
Authors: Nurdiana Ilfi , Elyatin Leny , Safitri Rini 
Published: February 2022

A good environment can be formed through relationships between employees. The relationship between these employees will later have an effect on employee performance, it can be concluded that the relationship between employees is very important to be in the scope of a company organization. Workplace bullying is an act that should not exist in a company or organization. However, it cannot be denied that workplace bullying is now a phenomenon and a problem for companies. The existence of workplace bullying against employees will cause an employee to feel threatened and if there is constant eating it will cause the employee to have the intention to change jobs (turnover intention ) and looking for a new workplace out there, besides that workplace bullying also causes dissatisfaction dan decrease employee performance which will also disrupted company operations. This research uses quantitative research. Data analysis in this study used the PLS (Partial Least Square) analysis test. The population in this study were employees of the Amaris Hotel Surabaya and data collected using a questionnaire and the sample used in this study was a saturated sampling method. The results of this study indicate that workplace bullying has a positive and significant effect on turnover intention. And job satisfaction cannot moderate the relationship workplace bullying to turnover intention.
SARS in Cars: Carbon Dioxide Levels Provide a Simple Means to Assess Ventilation in Motor Vehicles
Authors: Haq Muhammed , Cadnum Jennifer , Carlisle Matthew , Hecker Michelle , Donskey Curtis 
Published: February 2022

Background: Poorly ventilated enclosed spaces pose a risk for airborne transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other respiratory viruses. Limited information is available on ventilation in motor vehicles under differing driving conditions.
Methods: We conducted carbon dioxide measurements to assess ventilation in motor vehicles under varying driving conditions with 2 to 3 vehicle occupants. During routine driving, carbon dioxide produced by the breathing of vehicle occupants was measured inside 5 cars and a van under a variety of driving conditions with or without the ventilation fan on and with windows open or closed. Carbon dioxide readings above 800 parts per million (ppm) were considered an indicator of suboptimal ventilation.
Results: Carbon dioxide levels remained below 800 ppm in all vehicles if the ventilation fan was on and/or the windows were open while parked or during city or highway driving. With the ventilation system set on non-recirculation mode, carbon dioxide levels rose above 800 ppm in all vehicles when the fan was off and the windows were closed while parked and during city driving, and in 2 of the 6 vehicles during highway driving. With the ventilation system set on recirculation mode, carbon dioxide rose above 800 ppm within 10 minutes in all vehicles tested.
Conclusion: Carbon dioxide measurements could provide a practical and rapid method to assess ventilation in motor vehicles. Simple measures such as opening windows, turning on the fan, and avoiding the recirculation mode greatly improve ventilation.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING GUNA MENCIPTAKAN KEMANDIRIAN DAN KREATIVITAS PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Sunarto Muhammad Fikri , Amalia Nur 
Published: January 2022

In teaching and learning activities, the learning model is an important part of the learning tools that must be prepared by the teacher before teaching. The available learning models also vary, according to their respective functions. One of the learning models that is widely used is the Discovery Learning model. This learning model makes student more active, can think more critically, develop creativity, and also make student more independent. The Discovery Learning model makes student more involved in learning activities and teachers only as facilitators ini learning. That way, student can be more comfortable and stimulated ini learning by using this Discovery Learning model.
New Cryptosystem Using Two Improved Vigenere Laps Separated by a Genetic Operator
Authors: JARJAR Mohamed , HRAOUI Said , NAJAH Said , ZENKOUAR Khalid 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This document traces the development of a new cryptosystem using two circuits ensured by a deep Vigenere classical technique improvement, separated by a genetic operator. This new technique employs several dynamic substitutions matrices attached to chaotic replacement functions; whose construction will be detailed. Firstly, we will be start by modifying the seed pixels by an initial value ​​calculated from the original image, and will be infected through the chaotic map used to overcome the uniform image problem, followed by the improvements Vigenere injection technology. The output vector will be subdivided into sub blocks for future application of deeply improved genetic mutations to better adapt to color and medicals image encryption. The second round will increase the complexity of the attack and improve the installed systems. Simulations performed on a large number of images of different sizes and formats ensure that our approach is not exposed to known attacks.
In vitro conditioning of antigen-reactive CD8+ T cells with toll-like receptor agonists enhances their expansion in vivo in an adoptive transfer mouse model
Authors: Salem Mohamed L. , Khalil Sohaila M. , Sobh Ashraf , Elgharabawy Rehab M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Anti-cancer adoptive T cell therapy has shown significant anti-tumor responses in cancer patients. This therapy is based on in vitro activation of autologous T cells harvested from a cancer patient and infusing them back through blood. The efficacy of adoptively transferred T cells depends on the in vitro conditioning regimen in particular the type of used cytokines. Aim: This study aimed to use toll like receptors (TLRs) ligands (TLRLs) to condition T cells in vitro as a novel approach instead of cytokines. Methods: Spleen cells were harvested from TCR transgenic C57BL/6 pmel-1 mice, in which CD8+ T cells are engineered to recognize melanoma MHC class-I peptides.Unfractionated splenocytes were cultured for 24 hours in vitro with media or melaoma peptide plus or minus IL-12 (10ng/ml), poly(I:C) (TLR3L; 25ug/ml) or CpG (TLR9L; 10ug/ml). Then, activation, proliferation and cytokine production of the cultured cells were assessed. In another set of experiments, the cultured cells were harvested and infused into syngeneic B6 mice followed by vaccination to evaluate their antigen-specific expansion and contraction. Results: Conditioning of donor splenocytes in vitro with the TLR3L or TLR9L during antigen stimulation increased the antigen specific activation, proliferation, and cytokine production. Interestingly, in vitro treatment of the unfractionated splenocytes with TLR9L enhanced the activation and proliferation of B cells regardless antigen stimulation. Adoptive transfer of TLRL-conditioned peptide stimulated CD8+ T cells into naïve mice showed better survival and higher expansion in response to concomitant vaccination with peptide. Interestingly, in vitro conditioning of CD8+ T cells with TLR9L and in vivo conditioning with TLR3L resulted in the best antigen specific expansion of these cells upon their adoptive transfer into recipient mice. Conclusion: These results show that provision of CD8+ T cells in vitro and in vivo with certain TLR agonists can markedly enhance their antigen specific responses upon their adoptive transfer, opening a potential application of this approach in anti-cancer adoptive immunotherapy.
Nitrate respiration occurs throughout the depth of mucoid and non-mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa submerged agar colony biofilms including the oxic zone
Authors: Stoodley Paul , Schwermer Carsten Ulrich , deBeer Dirk 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and well characterized biofilm former. P. aeruginosa forms strong oxygen gradients inside biofilms due to rapid oxygen respiration in the top layers and the poor solubility of oxygen coupled with diffusion limited transport. Transcriptomic evidence from in vitro and ex vivo sampling suggests that denitrification is occurring in biofilms in ostensibly oxic environments. It is hypothesized that in the presence of nitrate there is stratification with aerobic respiration occurring in the outer oxic layer and denitrification in the lower anoxic zone. We used submerged agar colony biofilms grown from mucoid (FRD1) and non-mucoid (PAO1) strains to simultaneously measure depth microprofiles of oxygen and nitrous oxide in the same colony with microelectrodes. Oxygen respiration occurred at the top of the colony as expected but denitrification occurred throughout the entire depth, even in the oxic region. Local denitrification rates were highly variable suggesting heterogenous metabolic activity within the colony. We also assessed the short-term influence of tobramycin on aerobic respiration within a PAO1 colony. Although there was an immediate reduction in respiration it was never completely arrested over 2 hr. On tobramycin removal the oxygen gradient steadily reestablished, demonstrating immediate recovery of metabolic activity.
Effect of Canola oil Supplementation Level on Total Tract Digestion, Ruminal Fermentation and Methane Emissions of Cows Grazing Brachiaria sp Complemented with Fixed Amount of Concentrate
Authors: Avilés-Nieto Jonathan Noe , Márquez-Mota Claudia Cecilia , Hernández-Medrano Juan Heberth , Ramírez-Bribiesca Jacinto Efren , Castillo-Gallegos Epigmenio , Plascencia Alejandro , Castrejón-Pineda Francisco Alejandro , Corona Luis 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Four rumen-cannulated cows (Bos taurus × Bos indicus, 631 ± 88 BW) were assigned in a 4×4 Latin Square design to test the effects of different canola oil inclusion levels (CO; 0.0, 0.40, 0.80 and 1.2 g/kg shrunk body weight, SBW = BW×0.96) on the reduction of CH4 emissions and the energy value of the diet based on Brachiaria sp. under rotational grazing supplemented with a fixed amount of concentrate. The CH4 emission was analysed by an infrared analyser. Grass consumption and faecal production were estimated using Cr2O3 as external marker. The CO supplementation increased (linear effect, P < 0.05) DM (16.6%), organic matter (OM, 18.0%) and gross energy intakes (26.3%) and decreased the total digestibility of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) by 26% (linear effect, P < 0.05); also increased digestible energy value (Mcal/kg) by 7.1%. In the rumen, the maximum oil inclusion level decreased the total protozoa population by 89%, the acetate: propionate ratio by 25% and the enteric methane production by 18.9%, all without negatively affecting any of the other variables of fermentation and digestion evaluated. It is concluded that canola oil at supplementation levels of up to 1.2 g CO/kg SBW (5.3% of the total diet) for cows grazing tropical forages supplemented with concentrates increases the total and energy consumption and the efficiency of ruminal fermentation, thereby reducing the emission of enteric methane by up to 18.9%.
Understanding Cortical Arousals during Sleep from Leg Movements: A Pilot Study.
Authors: Bansal Kanika , Garcia Javier , Feltch Cody , Earley Christopher , Robucci Ryan , Banerjee Nilanjan , Brooks Justin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Leg movements during sleep occur in patients with sleep pathology and healthy individuals. Some (but not all) leg movements during sleep are related to cortical arousals which occur without conscious awareness but have a significant effect of sleep fragmentation. Detecting leg movements during sleep that are associated with cortical arousals can provide unique insight into the nature and quality of sleep. In this study, a novel leg movement monitor that uses a unique capacitive displacement sensor and 6-axis inertial measurement unit, is used in conjunction with polysomnography to understand the relationship between leg movement and electroencephalogram (EEG) defined cortical arousals. In an approach that we call neuro-extremity analysis, directed connectivity metrics are used to interrogate causal linkages between EEG and leg movements measured by the leg movement sensors. The capacitive displacement measures were more closely related to EEG-defined cortical arousals than inertial measurements. Second, the neuro-extremity analysis reveals a temporally evolving connectivity pattern that is consistent with a model of cortical arousals in which brainstem dysfunction leads to near-instantaneous leg movements and a delayed, filtered signal to the cortex leading to the cortical arousal during sleep.
A Pilot Clinical Study of Complex Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Treatment Via Foldable Capsular Buckle Scleral Buckling
Authors: Li Cheng , Zhang Baike , Jia Yong , Guo Lisha , Wang Chunlei , Xing Yaofan , Li Qiaoyun , Tian Xuemin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of and identify problems in treating complex rhegmatogenous retinal detachment using foldable capsular buckle scleral buckling.Methods: This prospective clinical study enrolled five patients with complex rhegmatogenous retinal detachment who were treated with foldable capsular buckle scleral buckling at the 988th Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Joint Logistic Force, China. During the 24-week follow-up period, the patients underwent measurements of their best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, indirect ophthalmoscopy, and visual field testing. Additionally, B-ultrasound and fundus photography of the patients’ retinal reattachments helped evaluate the treatment’s post-surgery efficacy. We determined the safety of foldable capsular buckle scleral buckling based on the occurrence of infection, eye pain, diplopia, elevated intraocular pressure, and other serious postoperative complications. Results: The complex rhegmatogenous retinal detachments of all five patients were successfully treated and evaluated via B-ultrasound and fundus photography after surgery. Visual acuity was enhanced in four patients 24 weeks after surgery, while the remaining patients developed diplopia after surgery. No other complications were observed. Conclusion: This pilot study preliminarily determined that foldable capsular buckle scleral buckling is a feasible treatment for the efficient and safe treatment of complex rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. These results support this surgery as a potential and novel alternative to current extraocular procedures for the treatment of complex rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
Zebrafish pancreatic β cell clusters undergo stepwise regeneration using Neurod1-expressing cells from different cell lineages
Authors: Matsuda Hiroki , Kubota Yukihiko 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Pancreatic β cell clusters produce insulin and play a central role in glucose homeostasis. The regenerative capacity of mammalian β cells is limited and the loss of β cells causes diabetes. In contrast, zebrafish β cell clusters have a high regenerative capacity, making them an attractive model to study β cell cluster regeneration. How zebrafish β cell clusters regenerate, when the regeneration process is complete, and the identification of the cellular source of regeneration are fundamental questions that require investigation. Here we demonstrate that pancreatic β cell cluster regeneration is completed within 13 days after β cell ablation via a two-step regeneration process, that is regenerating function, and then morphology. Additionally, we found that all regenerating pancreatic β cells arose from Neurod1-expressing cells and that cells from different lineages contribute to both functional and morphological regeneration. Together, these results shed light on the fundamental cellular mechanisms underlying β cell cluster regeneration.
Soliton Microcombs in Integrated Chalcogenide Microresonators
Authors: Xia Di , Yang Zelin , Zeng Pingyang , Zhang Bin , Wu Jiayue , Wang Zifu , Zhao Jiaxin , Gao Mingqi , Huang Yufei , Huang Jianteng , Luo Liyang , Liu Dong , Yang Shuixian , Guo Hairun , Li Zhaohui 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Photonic integrated microcombs have enabled advanced applications in optical communication, microwave synthesis, and optical metrology, which in nature unveil an optical dissipative soliton pattern under cavity-enhanced nonlinear processes. The most decisive factor of microcombs lies in the photonic material platforms, where materials with high nonlinearity and in capacity of high-quality chip integration are highly demanded. In this work, we present a home-developed chalcogenide glasses-Ge25Sb10S65 (GeSbS) for the nonlinear photonic integration and for the dissipative soliton microcomb generation. Compared with the current integrated nonlinear platforms, the GeSbS features wider transparency from the visible to 11-μm region, stronger nonlinearity, and lower thermo-refractive coefficient, and is CMOS compatible in fabrication. In this platform, we achieve chip-integrated optical microresonators with a quality (Q) factor above 2×10^6, and carry out lithographically controlled dispersion engineering. In particular, we demonstrate that both a bright soliton-based microcomb and a dark-pulsed comb are generated in a single microresonator, in its separated fundamental polarized mode families under different dispersion regimes. The overall pumping power is on the ten-milliwatt level, determined by both the high Q-factor and the high material nonlinearity of the microresonator. Our results may contribute to the field of nonlinear photonics with an alternative material platform for highly compact and high-intensity nonlinear interactions, while on the application aspect, contribute to the development of soliton microcombs at low operation power, which is potentially required for monolithically integrated optical frequency combs.
Development of a bile acid-related gene signature for predicting survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Gang , Guan Jun , Yang Qin , Wu Fengtian , Shao Junwei , Zhou Qihui , Guo Zixuan , Ren Yanli , Zhu Haihong , Chen Zhi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common diseases, threatening millions of patients annually. Increasing evidence supports that bile acid (BA) has an impact on HCC through inflammation, DNA damage or other mechanisms. Methods. With the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas portal, a total of 127 BA-associated genes were analyzed in HCC tumor and non-tumor samples, and then, using univariate and multivariate Cox regression, genes with correlations to the prognosis of HCC patients were identified. Then, a prediction model with identified genes was constructed for evaluating the risk of HCC patients for prognosis. Results. Twenty-six genes with differential expression between HCC and control tissue samples were identified, of which 19 genes had up-regulated expression and 7 genes had down-regulated expression in tumor samples. Three genes, NPC1, ABCC1 and SLC51B, were extrapolated to construct a prediction model for prognosis of HCC patients. Conclusion. The three-gene prediction model was more reliable than the pathological staging characters of the tumor for the prognosis and survival of HCC patients. Additionally, the up-regulated genes facilitating the transport of BAs are associated with poor prognosis of HCC patients and genes of de novo synthesis of BAs benefits HCC patients.
Determining rainwater harvesting potentials in municipalities by a semi-analytical method
Authors: Ulker Erman , Tasci Hadya 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Due to increasing population, uncontrolled water consumption, and abnormal climatic conditions, the potential of usable water is running out. Water has become one of the most valuable resources for the countries; therefore, rainwater harvesting systems for water recovery gain importance to implement in buildings. Thus, authorities have begun to search for fast and accurate decision tools before taking any action. In the present study, a semi-analytical method for determining the rainwater harvesting potential of the given location is implemented in the Java programming language. Three major districts of Izmir, Turkey are chosen for the study site, namely Cigli, Bayrakli, and Karsiyaka. The result shows that implementing rainwater harvesting systems only in public buildings recovers less than 1% of the population's water needs. On the contrary, encouraging the free zones, which has large rooftop area such as airports and malls, for implementing and using rainwater increases the water recovery to 13% of that district's water needs. It is still a small portion of the public's water needs; therefore, spreading rainwater harvesting in the communities is necessary. It is believed that more accurate and user-friendly rainwater harvesting simulators would encourage the communities to harvest rainwater.
Households' access to safely managed sanitation facility and its determinant factors in Jimma town, Ethiopia
Authors: Donacho Dereje Oljira , Tucho Gudina Terefe , Hailu Abebe Beyene 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Safe sanitation service is vital to a healthy life and promoting well-being. However, information on the proportion of households' access to safely managed sanitation services and its determinants in urban resource-limited settings is particularly scarce in Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine households' access to a safely managed sanitation service and its associated factors in Jimma, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study design was conducted on 782 households selected randomly. Household heads were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and facility conditions were assessed using an observation checklist. The proportion of households with access to sanitation services was presented in frequency and percentage. A binary logistic regression analysis was employed to determine the association between the explanatory and dependent variables. The study found that a significant proportion of households (87%) use unsafe sanitation services. The presence of a school-attending family member, a smaller family size, heads of households engaged in private work, wives engaged in employed work, a higher monthly income, and toilet age are all associated with access to safely managed sanitation. To ensure safe sanitation access in the setting, sanitation interventions should take into account household differences, prioritize sustainable sanitation technology options in newly built toilets, improve households' economic status, and expand job opportunities and education for mothers, which demands long-term policy interventions.