bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Care Disparities in Transsphenoidal Surgery for Pituitary Tumors: An Experience from Neighboring Urban Public and Private Hospitals
Authors: Gordon Alex J. , Dastagirzada Yosef , Schlacter Jamie , Mehta Sonal , Agrawal Nidhi , Golfinos John G. , Lebowitz Richard , Pacione Donato , Lieberman Seth 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives Few studies have assessed the role of socioeconomic health care disparities in skull base pathologies. We compared the clinical history and outcomes of pituitary tumors at private and public hospitals to delineate whether health care disparities exist in pituitary tumor surgery.
Methods We reviewed the records of patients who underwent transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection at NYU Langone Health and Bellevue Hospital. Seventy-two consecutive patients were identified from each hospital. The primary outcome was time-to-surgery from initial recommendation. Secondary outcomes included postoperative diabetes insipidus, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, and gross total resection.
Results Of 144 patients, 23 (32%) public hospital patients and 24 (33%) private hospital patients had functional adenomas (p = 0.29). Mean ages for public and private hospital patients were 46.5 and 51.1 years, respectively (p = 0.06). Private hospital patients more often identified as white (p < 0.001), spoke English (p < 0.001), and had private insurance (p < 0.001). The average time-to-surgery for public and private hospital patients were 46.2 and 34.8 days, respectively (p = 0.39). No statistically significant differences were found in symptom duration, tumor size, reoperation, CSF leak, or postoperative length of stay; however, public hospital patients more frequently required emergency surgery (p = 0.03), developed transient diabetes insipidus (p = 0.02), and underwent subtotal resection (p = 0.04).
Conclusion Significant socioeconomic differences exist among patients undergoing pituitary surgery at our institution's hospitals. Public hospital patients more often required emergency surgery, developed diabetes insipidus, and underwent subtotal tumor resection. Identifying these differences is an imperative initial step in improving the care of our patients.
Exchange rate response to economic policy uncertainty: evidence beyond asymmetry
Authors: Chang Bisharat Hussain , Derindag Omer Faruk , Hacievliyagil Nuri , Canakci Mehmet 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecent studies have examined the relationship between economic policy uncertainty and exchange rate. We contribute to this literature by considering the effect of minor positive and major positive changes as well as minor negative and major negative changes in the economic policy uncertainties on the exchange rates. In this regard, we use a recently developed multiple asymmetric threshold nonlinear ARDL model along with Granger causality in quantile test. Our estimates support the asymmetric effect in three countries only when an asymmetric ARDL model is used. However, these estimates support asymmetric effects for all the sample countries when the multiple asymmetric threshold nonlinear ARDL model is used. Moreover, the effect varies across various quantiles when Granger causality in quantile test is used. Overall, the extended model helps us to examine more minutely the impact of EPU and GEPU on the exchange rate in G7 countries. The results of this study can be useful for the central banks to devise appropriate policies to intervene in the foreign exchange market.
Equation of state of solid parahydrogen using ab initio two-body and three-body interaction potentials
Authors: Ibrahim Alexander , Roy Pierre-Nicholas 
Published: October 2022

We present the equation of state of solid parahydrogen between 0.024 and 0.1 Å−3 at T = 4.2 K, calculated using path integral Monte Carlo simulations, with ab initio two-body and three-body interaction potentials. We correct for finite size simulation errors using potential tail corrections. Trotter factorization errors are accounted for either via extrapolation or by using a suitably small imaginary time step. We incorporate the three-body interaction using two methods: (1) the full inclusion method, where pair and three-body interactions are used in both Monte Carlo sampling and in the energy estimators, and (2) the perturbative method, where three-body interactions are omitted from sampling but are still present in energy estimations. Both treatments of the three-body interaction return very similar total energies and pressures. The presence of three-body interactions has only minor effects on the structural properties of the solid. Whereas the pair interaction, on its own, significantly overestimates the pressure of solid parahydrogen, the additional presence of the three-body interaction causes a severe underestimation of the pressure. Our findings suggest that accurate simulations of solid parahydrogen require four-body and possibly higher-order many-body interactions. It may also be the case that static interaction potentials are entirely unsuitable for simulations of solid parahydrogen at high densities.
Weight gain and enteric methane production of cattle fed on tropical grasses
Authors: Korir D. , Marquardt S. , Eckard R. , Sanchez A. , Dickhoefer U. , Merbold L. , Butterbach-Bahl K. , Jones C. , Robertson-Dean M. , Goopy J. 
Published: October 2022

Context Planted grasses are becoming an increasingly important feed resource for tropical smallholder ruminant production; yet, limited research has been conducted to quantify productivity or enteric methane (CH4) production of animals consuming these grasses. Aim An experiment was conducted to assess yields and nutritional attributes of the following three tropical grasses: Cenchrus purpureus var. Kakamega 1 (Napier), Chloris gayana var. Boma (Rhodes) and Urochloa brizantha var. Xaeres (Brachiaria), and quantify enteric CH4 production of cattle fed on them. Methods Yearling Boran steers (n:18; initial liveweight 216 ± 5.8 kg (mean ± s.e.m.) were allocated to one of three grasses, in a completely randomised design and fed ad libitum for two feeding periods, each period lasting for 70 days. Intake, liveweight (LW), apparent total-tract digestibility and enteric CH4 production were assessed. The grasses used were grown on site and biomass yields were monitored over a 2-year period. Animal growth was also simulated to a final weight of 350 kg, and the amount of feed and size of land required to produce, and days to reach final weight, were estimated. Key results Mean voluntary dry-matter intake (DMI) and ADG were higher (P < 0.05) in Period 2 than in Period 1, but did not differ among treatments (P > 0.05) within period. Methane yield (MY; CH4 g/DMI kg) was similar among treatments (26.7–28.5, P = 0.26) but Napier had a higher CH4 conversion factor [Ym; CH4 (MJ)/gross energy intake (MJ)] than did Rhodes and Brachiaria (0.0987 vs 0.0873 and 0.0903 respectively; P = 0.013). Our modelling indicated that steers consuming Rhodes took at least 30 more days to reach the target LW, required larger land area for feed production and produced more enteric CH4 than did the other two diets. Conclusion Even though animal performance and MY among treatments did not differ, the animals had higher MY and Ym than currently estimated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Implication The three grasses supported similar animal growth rate, implying that growing of higher-yielding grasses such as Napier offers an opportunity to optimise land productivity in the tropics. However, suitable feeding practices such as protein supplementation need to be explored to enhance ruminant production and reduce enteric CH4 production.
US voter rights in translation
Authors: Riemland Matt 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFelons’ voting rights have featured prominently in debates over voter suppression in theUnited States, particularly in Florida, where a 2018 state constitutional amendment reinstated voting rights to the state’s 1.4 million former felons (Robles 2018). Florida also has a high concentration of Spanish-speaking voters with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), making Spanish-language voting information crucial. Inadequate translations of voter information may misrepresent voter eligibility for LEP Spanish-speaking former felons in Florida. Using a parallel corpus, this article’s central research question investigates how semantic shifts occur in Spanish translations of “felony” and “felon” in online voter information for seven Florida counties. The results reveal a number of misrepresentative semantic shifts in both human- and machine-translated Spanish voter information. Such shifts may impinge on individuals’ constitutional rights.
Forest school
Authors: Harris Frances 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This review aims to summarise existing research on the forest-based pedagogical approach known as forest school, as developed in the UK. Modelled on the nature kindergartens of northern Europe, forest school is popular in the UK and is now being practiced or explored in other countries around the world. Drawing on papers specifically researching forest school, identified through the Scopus database, it identifies and reviews key themes emerging from the literature: research on its development, relationship to classroom teaching and the national curriculum, impact on children’s development, and their relationship to the environment and environmental behaviour. It identifies the challenges and tensions emerging in the practice of forest school, between the performative agenda of schools and the alternative learning approaches embedded in forest school praxis. It summarises the attempts by several authors to develop theoretical models of forest school. It discusses the transferability of this forest education practice to new cultures, environments and educational systems. Finally, it concludes by identifying challenges for further research.
Impact of non-fullerene acceptors and solvent additive on the nanomorphology, device performance, and photostability of PTB7-Th polymer based organic solar cells
Authors: Khan Javed Alam , Sharma Ramakant , Panwar Ajay Singh , Gupta Dipti 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Non-fullerene acceptors have recently ignited extensive interest in organic solar cells (OSCs) because of their higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) than their fullerene counterparts. Though the effect of solvent additive 1, 8-diiodooctane (DIO) has been studied extensively for fullerene-based acceptor OSCs, not much is known for non-fullerene acceptors OSCs. In our work, bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) OSCs were fabricated by blending fullerene (PC71BM) and non-fullerene (ITIC and IEICO-4F) acceptors with low bandgap polymer donor (PTB7-Th). Further, the effects of non-fullerene acceptors on the nanomorphology, performance, and photostability of the devices were investigated. In the absence of DIO, devices with IEICO-4F acceptor showed higher PCE than PTB7-Th: ITIC and PTB7-Th: PC71BM BHJ-OSCs due to their absorption in near infrared along with high J
sc. The addition of DIO increased PCE in PTB7-Th: PC71BM BHJ-OSCs due to improved miscibility of fullerene molecules, higher donor/acceptor interface area, and improved phase separation. However, DIO adversely affected the overall device performance in PTB7-Th: IEICO-4F and PTB7-Th: ITIC BHJ-OSCs. Furthermore, devices processed with DIO were less photostable and exhibited faster degradation due to the photoacid effect of the DIO additive.
Antibacterial effects of in situ zinc oxide nanoparticles generated inside the poly (acrylamide-co-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) nanocomposite
Authors: Pereyra J Y Del C , Barbero C A , Acevedo D F , Yslas E I 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The present work reports the antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas
aeruginosa of a nanocomposite made of zinc oxide nanoparticles dispersed in a poly(acrylamide-co-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) matrix (PAAm-Hema-ZnONPs). The in situ synthesis of ZnONPs inside of the PAAm-Hema crosslinked network is described. Moreover, the physicochemical properties of the PAAm-Hema-ZnONPs nanocomposite are analyzed. The results confirm that the PAAm-Hema hydrogel provides an excellent scaffold to generate ZnONPs. The presence of ZnONPs inside the hydrogel was confirmed by UV–visible (band at 320 nm), by Infrared spectroscopy (peak at 470 cm−1), SEM, and TEM images. The presence of NPs in PAAm-Hema diminish the swelling percentage by 70%, and the Young modulus by 33.7%, compared with pristine hydrogel. The 75% of ZnONPs are released from the nanocomposite after 48 h of spontaneous diffusion, allowing the use of the nanocomposite as an antibacterial agent. In vitro, the agar diffusion test presents an inhibition halo against P. aeruginosa bacteria 50% higher than the unloaded hydrogel. Also, the PAAm-Hema-ZnONPs live/dead test shows 54% of dead cells more than the hydrogel. These results suggest that the easy, one-step way generated composites can be used in biomedical applications as antimicrobial agents.
Online triggers for supernova and pre-supernova neutrino detection with cryogenic detectors
Authors: Eller P. , Ferreiro Iachellini N. , Pattavina L. , Shtembari L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Supernovae (SNe) are among the most energetic events in the universe still far from being fully understood. An early and prompt detection of neutrinos is a one-time opportunity for the realization of the first multi-messenger observation of these events. In this work, we present the prospects of detecting neutrinos produced before (pre-SN) and during a SN while running an advanced cryogenic detector. Recent advances in the cryogenic detector technique and the discovery of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering offer a wealth of opportunities in neutrino detection. The combination of the excellent energy resolution of this experimental technique, with the high cross section of this detection channel and its equal sensitivity to all neutrino flavors, enables the realization of highly sensitive neutrino telescopes of the size of a few tens of cm, as the newly proposed RES-NOVA experiment. We present a detailed study on the detection promptness of pre-SN and SN neutrino signals, with direct comparisons among different classes of test statistics. While the well-established Poisson test offers in general best performance under optimal conditions, the nonparametric Recursive Product of Spacing statistical test (RPS) is more robust for triggering astrophysical neutrino signals with no specific prior knowledge. Based on our statistical tests the RES-NOVA experiment is able to identify SN neutrino signals at a 15 kpc distance with 95% of success rate, and pre-SN signal as far as 450 pc with a pre-warn time of the order of 10 s. These results demonstrate the potential of RPS for the identification of neutrino signals and the physics reach of the RES-NOVA experiment.
Cosmology from the kinetic polarized Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect
Authors: Hotinli Selim C. , Holder Gilbert P. , Johnson Matthew C. , Kamionkowski Marc 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons that scatter off free electrons in the large-scale structure induce a linear polarization pattern proportional to the remote CMB temperature quadrupole observed in the electrons' rest frame. The associated blackbody polarization anisotropies are known as the polarized Sunyaev Zel'dovich (pSZ) effect. Relativistic corrections to the remote quadrupole field give rise to a non-blackbody polarization anisotropy proportional to the square of the transverse peculiar velocity field; this is the kinetic polarized Sunyaev Zel'dovich (kpSZ) effect. In this paper, we forecast the ability of future CMB and galaxy surveys to detect the kpSZ effect, finding that a statistically significant detection is within the reach of planned experiments. We further introduce a quadratic estimator for the square of the peculiar velocity field based on a galaxy survey and CMB polarization. Finally, we outline how the kpSZ effect is a probe of cosmic birefringence and primordial non-Gaussianity, forecasting the reach of future experiments.
FAST Observations of an Extremely Active Episode of FRB 20201124A. III. Polarimetry
Authors: Jiang Jin-Chen , Wang Wei-Yang , Xu Heng , Xu Jiang-Wei , Zhang Chun-Feng , Wang Bo-Jun , Zhou De-Jiang , Zhang Yong-Kun , Niu Jia-Rui , Lee Ke-Jia , Zhang Bing , Han Jin-Lin , Li Di , Zhu Wei-Wei , Dai Zi-Gao , Feng Yi , Jing Wei-Cong , Li Dong-Zi , Luo Rui , Miao Chen-Chen , Niu Chen-Hui , Tsai Chao-Wei , Wang Fa-Yin , Wang Pei , Xu Ren-Xin , Yang Yuan-Pei , Yang Zong-Lin , Yao Ju-Mei , Yuan Mao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
As the third paper in the multiple-part series, we report the statistical properties of radio bursts detected from the repeating fast radio burst (FRB) source FRB 20201124A with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope during an extremely active episode between the 25th and 28th of September 2021 (UT). We focus on the polarization properties of 536 bright bursts with S/N > 50. We found that the Faraday rotation measures (RMs) monotonically dropped from −579 to −605 rad m−2 in the 4 day window. The RM values were compatible with the values (−300 to −900 rad m−2) reported 4 months ago. However, the RM evolution rate in the current observation window was at least an order of magnitude smaller than the one (∼500 rad m−2 day−1) previously reported during the rapid RM-variation phase, but is still higher than the one (≤1 rad m−2 day−1) during the later RM no-evolution phase. The bursts of FRB 20201124A were highly polarized with the total degree of polarization (circular plus linear) greater than 90% for more than 90% of all bursts. The distribution of linear polarization position angles (PAs), degree of linear polarization (L/I) and degree of circular polarization (V/I) can be characterized with unimodal distribution functions. During the observation window, the distributions became wider with time, i.e., with larger scatter, but the centroids of the distribution functions remained nearly constant. For individual bursts, significant PA variations (confidence level 5σ) were observed in 33% of all bursts. The polarization of single pulses seems to follow certain complex trajectories on the Poincaré sphere, which may shed light on the radiation mechanism at the source or the plasma properties along the path of FRB propagation.
Structure of international trade hypergraphs
Authors: Yi Sudo , Lee Deok-Sun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We study the structure of the international trade hypergraph consisting of triangular hyperedges representing the exporter–importer–product relationship. Measuring the mean hyperdegree of the adjacent vertices, we first find its behaviors different from those in the pairwise networks and explain the origin by tracing the relation between the hyperdegree and the pairwise degree. To interpret the observed hyperdegree correlation properties in the context of trade strategies, we decompose the correlation into two components by identifying one with the background correlation remnant even in the exponential random hypergraphs preserving the given empirical hyperdegree sequence. The other component characterizes the net correlation and reveals the bias of the exporters of low hyperdegree towards the importers of high hyperdegree and the products of low hyperdegree, which information is not readily accessible in the pairwise networks. Our study demonstrates the power of the hypergraph approach in the study of real-world complex systems and offers a theoretical framework.
Fault location method of Distributed Generation Sources in Distribution Networks based on optimal configuration of voltage sag monitoring points
Authors: Zhang Yong , zhan Hongxia , zhang Hao , Sun Yubo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In order to evaluate the fault location performance under the optimal configuration scheme of Power Quality Monitoring System(PQMS) monitoring points with Distributed Generation(DG) in, a fault location method based on successive binary search was proposed. Firstly, the influence of DG on traditional optimal configuration is analyzed, and the optimal configuration improvement strategy for DG access is proposed. The function relation between node voltage and fault distance under DG access is analyzed, and the ratio variation relation caused by voltage variation between monitoring points is used to reflect the characteristics of slight variation of electrical quantity, and the ranging evaluation function is established. In order to avoid the setting of convergence threshold, the disadvantage of setting fixed threshold is eliminated. Based on the mean ranging error, several feasible monitoring point configuration schemes are evaluated for ranging performance and the optimal configuration scheme for fault location performance is obtained. The 4-node system verifies that the ranging method does not need to set fixed convergence threshold. In the improved IEEE14 node system, this feature can be used to evaluate the positioning performance of four different monitoring point configuration schemes, and finally obtain the optimal positioning performance configuration scheme.
Maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic array based on improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Lai GuangZhi , Li HaoRan , Zhang ChangZhi , Zhang YiHao , Wang ZhiJin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
With the vigorous development of the photovoltaic industry, how to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation has become an important issue, among which partial shadow occlusion is an important reason affecting the efficiency. The efficiency of photovoltaic power generation can be effectively improved by adopting the maximum power point tracking method (MPPT), but the traditional MPPT method is not ideal in the partial shadow occlusion of the photovoltaic array. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an improved particle swarm optimization method to effectively improve the tracking efficiency of MPPT when multiple peaks appear in the photovoltaic arrays power curve (P-V) under the partial shadow. The proposed method improves the learning factor of the traditional particle swarm optimization algorithm and designs the initial position of the particles according to the characteristics of the photovoltaic array. By adding the particle elimination mechanism, the number of particles changes dynamically, and the tracking speed of the algorithm for the maximum power of the photovoltaic array is improved. Through the result of the simulation, it is not difficult to get the conclusion that the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm can effectively improve the performance of the photovoltaic system under partial shadows.
Technical Research on New Transmission Conductor in Medium Ice Area
Authors: Pang Wei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, aluminum conductor steel reinforced(ACSR), high conductivity aluminum conductor steel reinforced, heat-resisting aluminum alloy conductor steel reinforced, and all aluminum alloy conductor are compared and analyzed in detail from the electrical characteristics, mechanical characteristics, and annual cost. Finally, combined with factors such as production process and construction technology, the transmission line conductor that is most suitable for a 15mm medium ice area is recommended. It provides a reference for the selection of transmission lines in future design.