bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D‐printed Electrochemical Sensor for Organophosphate Nerve Agents
Authors: Jyoti  , Redondo Edurne , Alduhaish Osamah , Pumera Martin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract3D‐printing has revolutionized various industries and scientific research by its substantial benefits such as fast prototyping, high accuracy, durability, and customized shapes. Fused deposition modeling has been used in the fabrication of 3D‐printed nanocarbon electrodes. Utilization of these 3D‐printed nanocarbon electrodes in the identification of organophosphates (OPs) such as parathion, methyl parathion, paraoxon, and fenitrothion, has not been reported. These compounds are highly toxic and used as chemical warfare agents and pesticides. Herein, we show that 3D‐printing can be utilized for low‐cost and diagnosis of priority nerve agents.
Bioaccumulation, Detoxification, and Biological Macromolecular Damage of Benzo[a]pyrene in Exposure in Tissues and Subcellular Fractions of Scallop Chlamys farreri
Authors: Bi Yaqi , Chen Wei , Miao Jingjing , Pan Luqing , Li Dongyu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Because of the persistence and high toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), the bioaccumulation and detoxification mechanisms of B[a]P have been studied extensively at the tissue level; but the data at the subcellular level in bivalves have not been reported. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of B[a]P exposure on bioaccumulation, detoxification, and biomacromolecular damage in gills, digestive glands, and their subcellular fractions of the scallop Chlamys farreri. The subcellular fraction contains cytoplasm, mitochondria, microsome, nucleus, cell membrane, and overall organelle. The results demonstrated that B[a]P accumulation showed a clear time–dose effect. Based on the time-dependent accumulation of B[a]P in subcellular fractions, we speculated that the intracellular migration order of B[a]P was cell membrane, organelle, and nucleus in turn. Considering the difference of B[a]P accumulation may be related to B[a]P metabolism, we have further confirmed that the activities of B[a]P metabolizing enzymes in scallop tissues and subcellular fractions were significantly tempted by B[a]P (p &lt; 0.05), including 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (increased), glutathione-S-transferase (GST; decreased), and superoxide dismutase (increased). First, GST was detected in bivalve cytoplasm and microsome. Second, B[a]P exposure also caused biomacromolecules damage. The results demonstrated that mitochondria and microsome were more vulnerable to lipid peroxidation than cell membrane and nucleus. Taken together, the present study fills some of the gaps in our knowledge of the bioaccumulation and detoxification mechanisms of C. farreri exposed to B[a]P in subcellular fractions and deeply explores the transportation and the main metabolic and damage sites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cells, which helped us to comprehensively understand the toxic mechanism of PAHs on bivalves. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2353–2364. © 2022 SETAC
Abstract
Bioaccumulation, detoxification and biological macromolecular damages of B[a]P exposure in tissues and subcellular fractions of Chlamys farreri.
Numerical simulation of natural convection MHD flow in a wavy L‐shaped cavity with line heat source using hybrid EFGM/FEM
Authors: Jain Sapna , Bhargava Rama , Gupta Pratibha 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the current paper, the natural convection of power‐law nanofluid within a wavy l‐shaped cavity under the magnetic field has been simulated by a hybrid (EFGM/FEM) technique with parallel implementation. A line heat source with length Lhs and height Hhs is applied on the right vertical wall of the cavity. The cavity is filled with power‐law non‐Newtonian nanofluid. Parallel implementation with hybrid EFGM/FEM is used to solve the governing partial differential equations. Effect of Rayleigh number, Hartmann number, power‐law index, aspect ratio, nanoparticle volume fraction, location, and length of the heat source has been studied on the fluid flow, isotherms, and heat transfer. It is observed that the power‐law index, Hartmann number, and height of heat source have a decreasing effect on heat transfer rate while the Rayleigh number, length of heat source, and volume fraction of nanoparticle increases the heat transfer rate. Heat transfer rate improves by 51% and 73% with increasing the volume fraction of nanoparticles and Rayleigh number while heat transfer rate reduces by 28% with increasing the Hartmann number. The main application of such problems is found in the building corners, lubricating machines, and medical and electronic equipment (thermometer device and PCB). The hybrid method is one of the novel contributions of the author. Parallel implementation of the meshfree method (EFGM) is one of the novel features of this paper.
Longitudinal relations between maternal and adolescent emotion dysregulation and maternal autonomy support
Authors: Keskin Gizem , Branje Susan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionMaternal characteristics and mother–adolescent relationships are thought to affect the emotional development of adolescents. Adolescents can learn to regulate their emotions by observing their mothers, and this is further facilitated by maternal autonomy support. Therefore, this study longitudinally examined the associations among maternal emotion dysregulation, maternal autonomy support, and adolescent emotion dysregulation.MethodParticipants were 466 Dutch adolescents (54.51% males; Mage = 14.03, SD = 0.45) and 462 mothers (Mage = 45.49, SD = 4.47), who completed self‐reports of emotion dysregulation and maternal autonomy support for five consecutive years.ResultsRandom Intercept‐Cross Lagged Panel Model analyses showed that at the between‐family level, maternal emotion dysregulation was correlated with adolescent emotion dysregulation, adolescent‐reported maternal autonomy support, and mother‐reported maternal autonomy support; and adolescent emotion dysregulation was correlated with adolescent‐reported maternal autonomy support. At the within‐family level, higher than usual maternal emotion dysregulation was positively related to adolescent emotion dysregulation at Time 1, yet, was negatively related to adolescent emotion dysregulation at other time points concurrently, and predicted lower adolescent emotion dysregulation in the next year. Also, higher than usual adolescent emotion dysregulation was related to lower adolescent‐reported maternal autonomy support both concurrently and the next year.ConclusionsBoth mothers and adolescents played an important role in adolescent emotional development. To promote adolescent emotional development, it is important to target both maternal emotion dysregulation to understand the development of adolescent emotion dysregulation, and adolescent emotion dysregulation to prevent mothers from providing less autonomy support to their adolescents.
Vegetative anatomy and endorrhizal fungal morphology of an endangered medicinal plant Gloriosa superba L.
Authors: Balachandar Mayakrishnan , Koshila Ravi Ravichandran , Muthukumar Thangavelu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGloriosa superba L. is of great economic importance due to its high medicinal value. Nevertheless, there is a need to reexamine species delimitation in the Gloriosa taxa as most of the species have been synonymised as G. superba. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the vegetative anatomical traits of G. superba. The leaf, scale leaf, tendril, stem, tuber, and roots of G. superba were freehand sectioned and stained with various staining solutions to record the anatomical structures. The cellular dimensions of each plant part were measured. The present study revealed the presence of intercostal and costal regions in the leaf epidermis, anomocytic stomata on abaxial surface, uniseriate epidermis covered by cuticle, undifferentiated mesophyll, and a bundle sheath surrounding vascular bundles in a leaf. Unlike the leaf, the scale leaf contains air chambers in the mesophyll region and bundle sheath is absent. The tendril had uniseriate cuticularized epidermis followed by few layers of cells developing wall thickenings, and collateral vascular bundles. The mature stem is differentiated from the young stem by the presence of bi‐layered epidermis, the absence of stomata on the stem surface, and chlorenchymatous hypodermis. Air passage containing epidermis covered by thin cuticle is recorded in the stem. Starch grains are present in the tuber ground tissue. Velamen is reported for the first time in G. superba root. Scalariform perforation end plate present in root metaxylem. Roots of G. superba are colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate endophytic fungi. Therefore, these anatomical traits could aid in the identification of G. superba.Research Highlights
Anatomy of vegetative parts of Gloriosa superba was studied.
Air‐passage enveloped by uniseriate epidermis present in stem.
Bundle sheath surrounds vascular bundles of leaf and stem.
Cells of rhizome ground tissue contain abundant starch grains.
Velamen tissue is reported for the first time in roots.
Intramyocardial adenoviral vascular endothelial growth factor‐D∆N∆C gene therapy does not induce ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Leikas Aleksi J. , Hassinen Iiro , Kivelä Antti , Hedman Antti , Mussalo Hanna , Ylä‐Herttuala Seppo , Hartikainen Juha E. K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe phase I KAT301 trial investigated the use of intramyocardial adenoviral vascular endothelial growth factor‐DΔNΔC (AdVEGF‐D) gene therapy (GT) to alleviate symptoms in refractory angina (RA) patients. In KAT301, 30 patients with RA were randomized to AdVEGF‐D or the control group in 4:1 ratio. The treatment was found to be feasible, increasing myocardial perfusion and reducing angina symptoms at 1‐year follow‐up. However, there is some evidence suggesting that the intramyocardial delivery route and overexpression of (vascular endothelial growth) VEGFs might induce ventricular arrhythmias. Thus, we investigated whether intramyocardial AdVEGF‐D GT increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmias in patients treated for RA.MethodsWe analyzed non‐invasive risk predictors of ventricular arrhythmias from 12‐lead electrocardiography (ECG) as well as heart rate variability (HRV) and the incidence of arrhythmias from 24 h ambulatory ECG at baseline and 3 and 12 months after the GT. In addition, we analyzed the incidence of new‐onset arrhythmias and pacemaker implantations during 8.2 years (range 6.3–10.4 years) of follow‐up.ResultsWe found no significant increase in arrhythmias, including supraventricular and ventricular ectopic beats, atrial fibrillation, non‐sustained ventricular tachycardias, and life‐threatening tachycardias, nor changes in the non‐invasive risk predictors of ventricular arrhythmias in the AdVEGF‐D treated patients. Instead, we found a significant improvement in the very low and high‐frequency bands of HRV suggestive of improved cardiac autonomic regulation after GT.ConclusionsIn conclusion, our results suggest that AdVEGF‐D GT does not predispose to arrhythmias and might improve HRV metrics.
Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis and asparaginase re‐exposure in patients aged 1–45 years with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: A NOPHO ALL2008 study
Authors: Skipper Mette Tiedemann , Rank Cecilie Utke , Jarvis Kirsten Brunsvig , Lynggaard Line Stensig , Andrés‐Jensen Liv , Quist‐Paulsen Petter , Semaskeviciene Ruta , Hallböök Helene , Waitiovaara‐Kautto Ulla , Ranta Susanna , Trakymiene Sonata , Abrahamsson Jonas , Huttunen Pasi , Albertsen Birgitte Klug , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Tuckuviene Ruta 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT) is a serious complication during asparaginase therapy in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). We identified 46 patients with CSVT among 2651 patients (1‒45 years) treated according to the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology (NOPHO) ALL2008 protocol between 2008 and 2018. CSVT cases were prospectively registered in the NOPHO database with retrospective updates. We examined the frequency of asparaginase re‐exposure after CSVT, potential factors associated with asparaginase truncation, and sequelae after CSVT. This work was supported by the Danish Cancer Society and the Danish Childhood Cancer Foundation. The 2.5‐year cumulative incidence of CSVT was 1.9% (95% confidence interval 1.4%–2.5%). The majority of patients (74%, n = 31) were re‐exposed to asparaginase (with low‐molecular‐weight heparin coverage), one of whom had a second CSVT, without neurological sequelae. Patients re‐exposed to asparaginase were earlier in ALL treatment and lacked more asparaginase doses than non‐re‐exposed patients at CSVT diagnosis (median 50 vs. 81 days, p = 0.03; mean 11.2 vs. 8.4 asparaginase doses, p = 0.04). No other examined factors had an impact on asparaginase re‐exposure. At the last follow‐up (median 4.5 years after CSVT), 61% of patients had normal neurological status, and 57% had complete recanalisation of CSVT, with no significant difference between patients re‐exposed and non‐re‐exposed to asparaginase. Our results indicate that re‐exposure to asparaginase is safe after CSVT during anticoagulation.
Contribution of precipitation and temperature to multiscale drought variations over Asia: Dependence on the time scale
Authors: Zhang Jianmin , Wu Renguang , Jia Xiaojing , Zhang Yanting 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDrought variations are determined by precipitation and temperature changes. The present study examines the relative contributions of precipitation and temperature to temporal variations of short‐term, medium‐term and long‐term droughts over Asia. This is accomplished by comparing (a) the variations of Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) that extend over 3, 9 and 24 months (i.e., short‐term, medium‐term and long‐term droughts, respectively) and (b) the strength of the relationship of SPEI to precipitation and temperature. Both precipitation and temperature contribute to variations of the north–south dipole pattern of short‐term and medium‐term droughts with a relatively larger contribution from temperature. The contribution of precipitation and temperature to the variations of long‐term drought depends upon the spatial pattern. The variation of the north–south dipole pattern of long‐term drought is mainly contributed by the temperature trend with additional contribution of precipitation in eastern and southwestern Asia. The variation of the southwest–northeast tripole pattern of long‐term drought is mainly contributed by precipitation in central Asia and has a comparable contribution of precipitation and temperature in southern and eastern Asia. The tripole pattern and dipole pattern of long‐term drought have a closer relation to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), respectively. The PDO effect on long‐term drought variation is mainly through modulating precipitation.
Patient‐reported outcomes of palatal donor site healing using four different wound dressing modalities following free epithelialized mucosal grafts: A four‐arm randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Basma Hussein S. , Saleh Muhammad H. A. , Abou‐Arraj Ramzi V. , Imbrogno Matthew , Ravida Andrea , Wang Hom‐Lay , Li Peng , Geurs Nicolaas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare the effects of four different commonly used wound dressings in improving patient reported outcomes (PROMS) after free epithelialized mucosal grafts (FEGs) harvesting.MethodsFollowing 72 FEGs harvesting from 72 patients, patients were assigned into four groups. Control: collagen plug + sutures (CPS); test: collagen plug with cyano‐acrylate (CPC), platelet rich fibrin (PRF) + sutures, or palatal stent only (PS). Patients were observed for 14 days, with evaluation of pain level utilizing the visual analog scale, number of analgesics consumed, need for additional analgesics, amount of swelling, amount of bleeding, activity tolerance, and willingness for retreatment.ResultsCompared to the control group all test groups indicated significant lower pain perception (P < 0.0001), lower analgesic consumption (P < 0.0001), and higher willingness for retreatment (P < 0.0001), while no statistically significant differences among test groups were observed. There were no statistically significant differences in amount of day‐by‐day swelling, bleeding, and activity tolerance among four groups. Compared to other groups, the PS had the lowest overall pain scores (over the 14‐day period). Palatal thickness, graft length, graft width, and graft thickness did not appear to affect patient morbidity (P > 0.05).ConclusionsAll interventions significantly decreased pain perception compared to a hemostatic collagen sponge alone over the palatal donor site after FEG surgery. In the first few days after surgery, the use of a palatal stent seemed to be associated with less overall pain, pain pills consumed, and higher willingness of doing the same procedure again.
Root and root‐derived biopore interactions in soils: A review
Authors: Xiong Peng , Zhang Zhongbin , Peng Xinhua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn recent years, the investigation of root–biopore interactions has been reported in many studies, particularly with the application of X‐ray computed tomography (CT). To clarify our understanding of root–biopore interactions, we reviewed the effects of plant roots on soil structure and the biopore effects on plant growth and uptake of nutrients and water. Plant roots can penetrate the soil matrix and form biopores after decay. The biopores are cylindrical, continuous, and stable and facilitate the transport of air and water. The soil around biopores also affects plant growth by its rich nutrients; hence, the concept of a biopore sheath is proposed to indicate the soil affected by the roots and resulting biopores. The behavior of roots encountering biopores is impacted by soil strength, oxygen concentration, biopore characteristics, and crop species. The biopores provide many channels with the least mechanical resistance for crop roots to enter the subsoil, improving the absorption of water and nutrients by crops. However, the effect of biopores on crop growth depends on biopore size. The smaller biopores (<2 mm) promoted plant growth, but the larger biopores did not (≥2 mm), which was mainly related to the degree of contact between root and soil in biopores. However, quantification of root–biopore wall contact is difficult due to the low resolution of CT images, which limits the understanding of the effects of biopore characteristics on plant growth and nutrient uptake. Therefore, determining the contact area between roots and soil in the biopores and revealing the contribution of biopore characteristics to water and nutrient uptake are important to give full play to the functions of biopores in sustainable agriculture.
Transitioning global change experiments on Southern Ocean phytoplankton from lab to field settings: Insights and challenges
Authors: Boyd Philip W. , Doney Scott C. , Eggins Sam , Ellwood Michael J. , Fourquez Marion , Nunn Brook L. , Strzepek Robert , Timmins‐Schiffman Emma 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe influence of global change on Southern Ocean productivity will have major ramifications for future management of polar life. A prior laboratory study investigated the response of a batch‐cultured subantarctic diatom to projected change simulating conditions for 2100 (increased temperature/CO2/irradiance/iron; decreased macronutrients), showed a twofold higher chlorophyll‐derived growth rate driven mainly by temperature and iron. We translated this design to the field to understand the phytoplankton community response, within a subantarctic foodweb, to 2100 conditions. A 7‐d shipboard study utilizing 250‐liter mesocosms was conducted in March 2016. The outcome mirrors lab‐culture experiments, yielding twofold higher chlorophyll in the 2100 treatment relative to the control. This trend was also evident for intrinsic metrics including nutrient depletion. Unlike the lab‐culture study, photosynthetic competence revealed a transient effect in the 2100 mesocosm, peaking on day 3 then declining. Metaproteomics revealed significant differences in protein profiles between treatments by day 7. The control proteome was enriched for photosynthetic processes (c.f. 2100) and exhibited iron‐limitation signatures; the 2100 proteome exposed a shift in cellular energy production. Our findings of enhanced phytoplankton growth are comparable to model simulations, but underlying mechanisms (temperature, iron, and/or light) differ between experiments and models. Batch‐culture approaches hinder cross‐comparison of mesocosm findings to model simulations (the latter are akin to “continuous‐culture chemostats”). However, chemostat techniques are problematic to use with mesocosms, as mesozooplankton will evade seawater flow‐through, thereby accumulating. Thus, laboratory, field, and modeling approaches reveal challenges to be addressed to better understand how global change will alter Southern Ocean productivity.
Graft aberrant hepatic arteries in deceased donor liver transplantation: The “one liver, one artery” approach
Authors: Pravisani Riccardo , Sepulveda Ailton , Cocchi Lorenzo , de Mello Estrella , Cauchy Francois , Dokmak Safi , Farges Olivier , Durand Francois , Weiss Emmanuel , Dondero Federica , Lesurtel Mickaël 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In liver transplantation (LT), graft aberrant hepatic arteries (aHAs) frequently require complex arterial reconstructions, potentially increasing the risk of post‐operative complications. However, intrahepatic hilar arterial shunts are physiologically present and may allow selective aHA ligation. Thus, we performed a retrospective study from a single‐center cohort of 618 deceased donor LTs where a selective reconstruction policy of aHAs was prospectively applied. In the presence of any aHA, the vessel with the largest caliber was first reconstructed. In case of adequate bilobar arterial perfusion assessed on intraparenchymal Doppler ultrasound, the remnant vessel was ligated; otherwise, it was reconstructed. Consequently, outcomes of three patient groups were compared: the “no aHAs” group (n = 499), the “reconstructed aHA” group (n = 25), and the “ligated aHA” group (n = 94). Primary endpoint was rate of biliary complications. Only 38.4% of right aHAs and 3.1% of left aHAs were reconstructed. Rates of biliary complications in the no aHA, reconstructed aHA, and ligated aHA groups were 23.4%, 28%, and 20.2% (p = 0.667), respectively. The prevalence rates of primary non‐function (p = 0.534), early allograft dysfunction (p = 0.832), and arterial complications (p = 0.271), as well as patient survival (p = 0.266) were comparable among the three groups. Retransplantation rates were 3.8%, 4%, and 5.3% (p = 0.685), respectively. In conclusion, a selective reconstruction policy of aHAs based on Doppler assessment of bilobar intraparenchymal arterial flow did not increase post‐operative morbidity and avoided unnecessary and complex arterial reconstructions.