bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caracterización de los factores docentes en torno al índice de reprobación en universitarios
Authors: Torres-Zapata Ángel Esteban , Pérez-Jaimes Alejandra Karina , Lara-Gamboa Carmen Cecilia , Estrada-Reyes César Uziel 
Published: January 2022

El objetivo del presente ejercicio de investigación fue caracterizar los factores docentes que inciden en la reprobación de estudiantes universitarios. El estudio tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo no experimental transversal. La selección de la población de estudio fue no probabilística. Se incluyó a la totalidad de los profesores que impartieron las unidades de aprendizaje durante los ciclos escolares febrero-junio 2019 y agosto-diciembre 2019 en una universidad de México. Se llevó a cabo un análisis descriptivo, a través del cual se determinaron la media, la mediana, las frecuencias absolutas y la desviación estándar. Además, se vincularon los factores docentes con el índice de reprobación a partir de una prueba de ji al cuadrado. Entre los resultados destaca que el índice de reprobación del periodo de análisis de los cursos de competencia genérica fue de 34.37 %, de los interdisciplinarios 10.85 % y de los de competencias específicas de 16.03 %. Asimismo, 68.97 % de los profesores demostró un nivel máximo de estudios de maestría y 88.89 % refirió más de cinco años de experiencia profesional en el ámbito docente. Al asociar el índice de reprobación con las variables de estudio, no hubo significatividad con las unidades de aprendizaje por competencia y la evaluación docente; sin embargo, sí hubo significancia con el nivel máximo de estudios, con la experiencia profesional y con la preparación pedagógica.
Homomorfisa Modul Deret Pangkat Tergeneralisasi Miring
Authors: Faisol Ahmad , Fitriani Fitriani 
Published: January 2022

Diberikan sebarang ring komutatif $R$ dengan elemen satuan, monoid terurut tegas $(S,\leq)$, homomorfisma monoid $\omega:S\rightarrow End(R)$, submonoid $S_1,S_2\subseteq S$ yang masing-masing dilengkapi urutan $\leq_1, \leq_2$ yang \textit{coarser} terhadap urutan $\leq$ pada $S$, dan modul $M_1,M_2$ atas $R$. Pada penelitian ini, dikonstruksi modul deret pangkat tergeneralisasi miring $M_1[[S_1,\leq_1,\omega]]$ dan $M_2[[S_2,\leq_2,\omega]]$ atas ring deret pangkat tergeneralisasi miring $R[[S,\leq,\omega]]$. Selain itu, dibuktikan pemetaan $\tau$ dari $M_1[[S_1,\leq_1,\omega]]$ ke $M_2[[S_2,\leq_2,\omega]]$ dengan $\tau(\alpha_1)=\gamma\circ\alpha_1\circ\delta^{-1}$ merupakan $R[[S,\leq,\omega]]$-homomorfisma modul dengan mensyaratkan $f(\delta^{-1}(u))=f(u)$ dan $\omega_{\delta^{-1}(v)}=\omega_{v}$ untuk setiap $u,v\in S_2$ dan $f\in R[[S,\leq,\omega]]$.
Hydrogen- and Methane-Loaded Shielding Materials for Mitigation of Galactic Cosmic Rays and Solar Particle Events
Authors: Rojdev Kristina , Atwell William 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
One of the challenges of human spaceflight in deep space is the harsh radiation environment. The current best practices for mitigating radiation are via design and multifunctional materials. There have been many studies over the years showing low-Z materials as the best radiation mitigators for spaceflight. In addition, there have recently been several studies investigating hydrogen-loading of materials for fuel cells. If it is possible to load a material with additional low-Z materials — such as hydrogen — it may be possible to increase the radiation mitigating potential of these materials. Thus, our work is focused on metal hydrides (MHs), metal organic frameworks (MOFs), and nanoporous carbon composites (CNTs) that can be loaded with hydrogen or methane for radiation mitigation. Our previous simulation work focused on hydrogen-loading only, and investigated the capability of these materials during a particularly hard solar particle event (SPE) in October 1989. In these simulations, we found 50% of the investigated carbon composites outperformed high-density polyethylene (HDPE) — the current standard for passive radiation shielding. We also found 10% of the investigated MOFs outperformed HDPE. Therefore, we wanted to continue our simulation study of these materials to determine whether they may also show improvement over HDPE in a galactic cosmic ray (GCR) environment. Furthermore, there are concerns with using hydrogen as a loading material — a result of its flammability and instability in thermal extremes. Thus, we are also considering methane-loading of the MOFs and CNTs. The details of this work will be discussed in the paper. Overall, the results showed several MOFs, CNTs, and MHs that performed very well when compared with our typical spacecraft material of aluminum and our standard shielding material of HDPE. This study also showed there is little difference in the dose between hydrogen-loaded and methane-loaded materials of the same base chemistry.
Microarray Identifies Transcription Factors Potentially Involved in Gravitropic Signal Transduction in Arabidopsis
Authors: Cook C. Adam , Tucker Avery , Shen Kaiyu , Wyatt Sarah E. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Gravity is a fundamental stimulus that affects plant growth and development. The gravity persistent signal (GPS) treatment uses a cold treatment to isolate the events of signal transduction. Plants are reoriented horizontally in the dark at 4°C for 1 hour and then returned to vertical at room temperature. A gene expression microarray was designed to identify genes that are regulated during the GPS treatment. Arabidopsis thaliana var. Columbia was grown to maturity with inflorescence stems of 8-10 cm. Total mRNA was collected from inflorescence stems at 2, 4, 10, and 30 min after reorientation in the cold. cDNA was synthesized from the mRNA and then probed against an Arabidopsis gene expression array with 4 replicates per time point. Analyses presented here focus on transcription factors because of their regulatory functions in response pathways. Five transcription factors (AtAIB, WRKY18, WRKY26, WRKY33, and BT2) were selected for further study based on their expression at 4 min. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction ((PCR) RT-qPCR) was performed to confirm expression seen in the microarray data. Seeds of Arabidopsis lines containing T-DNA insertions in the genes were obtained, plants bred to homozygosity, and the mutants analyzed for GPS phenotype. Mutant analysis shows significant differences in curvature of inflorescence stems between mutants and wild type.
EKSISTENSI PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL PEREMPUAN BATIH KARYA A.R. RIZAL
Authors: Usman Arriyanti 
Published: January 2022

This research aims to describe the form of marginalization as the others and the form of resistance as a form of existence in the novel Perempuan Batih by A. R. Rizal. It’s based on the approach of existentialist feminism Simone de Beauvoir. The data of this study are descriptions which reveal the forms of marginalization as others and resistance as a form of existence in the novel Perempuan Batih. Data collection is done by reading, recording, and making data corpus techniques. Research data were analyzed using Simone de Beauvoir's existentialist feminism theory. The results of research conducted in 2019 found that the form of marginalization as others in the novel Perempuan Batih was a condition experienced by women whose position was always seen as not absolute. There are two forms of marginalization as others. First, differences in the position of women and men. Secondly, women's violence in terms of services in marriage. The form of resistance as a form of existence of a female character shows what is experienced by a female character who is related to other people and their environment to show and strengthen their existence as a woman. This form of existence can be seen from female figures who try to manifest themselves by working and showing their existence in society.
TERMINOLOGI SATUAN UKURAN YANG DISEDIAKAN KAMUS BESAR BAHASA INDONESIA (KBBI) DARING Unit of Measure Terminology Provided by KBBI Online
Authors: Abidin Zainal - 
Published: January 2022

AbstrakPenelitian tentang terminologi satuan ukuran yang disediakan Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan satuan ukuran dalam lema dan definisi kamus tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, sedangkan objek penelitiannya adalah lema satuan ukuran yang terdapat di dalam kamus tersebut. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh kata yang merupakan satuan ukuran yang dijadikan lema dalam kamus itu. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik baca dan catat. Langkah-langkah analisis data dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan lema, mengurutkan lema, mengklasifikasikan lema berdasarkan kategori atau kriteria sesuai dengan struktur lema. Penganalisisan dilakukan setelah dilakukan pengklasifikasian. Dari hasil penelitian ditunjukkan bahwa masih terdapat kekurangkonsistenan dalam penyusunan definisi satuan ukuran dalam KBBI Daring. Lema-lema tersebut yaitu hasta, meter, musti, dekare, dekagram, desigram, gram, hectogram, kilogram, milligram, sentigram, liter, caing, rim, tahun cahaya, parsek, kilowatt, decibel, dan megapiksel. Selain itu, terdapat kata yang merupakan satuan ukuran panjang tidak tersusun dalam KBBI Daring, yaitu kilometer persegi. This research regarding terminology of units of measure written in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring (The online Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language, published and issued by National Agency for Language Development and Cultivation of Indonesia) aims to describe the units of measure of the entries and definitions of the dictionary. It is a qualitative descriptive study. The subject of this research is KBBI Online, while the object of the research is the five units of measurement contained in the dictionary. The data used in this study are all words which are units of measure used as entries in the dictionary. The data of this research were collected through a library research and the note-taking technique. The procedures of data analysis consisted of collecting, sorting, classifying the entries based on categories or criteria pursuant to the structure of the entries. The analysis was carried out after classification. The research findings revealed that there are inconsistencies in defining the unit of measure in the dictionary. The entries are hasta, meter, musti, dekare, dekagram, desigram, gram, hectogram, kilogram, milligram, sentigram, liter, caing, rim, tahun cahaya, parsek, kilowatt, decibel, and megapiksel. In addition, there is a phrase showing unit of length that is not written in the dictionary. The phrase is kilometer persegi.
Evaluation of Technological Packages for High Yield of New Hot Pepper Hybrids in Ultisol
Authors: Herison Catur , Joko Suharjo Usman Kris , Handajaningsih Merakati , Rustikawati  , Syakia Kurin Aricha 
Published: January 2022

Ultisols memiliki potensi yang sangat besar untuk meningkatkan produksi cabai merah nasional. Namun kesuburannya yang rendah menghambat pertumbuhan dan hasil banyak tanaman, termasuk cabai. Banyak studi telah dilakukan untuk mengatasi berbagai masalah pada tanah ini, akan tetapi jarang dijumpai kajian menggunakan kombinasi beberapa teknologi budidaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan paket teknologi budidaya hibrida cabai merah hasil tinggi di Ultisol. Penelitian dilakukan di lahan masam Ultisol, Provinsi Bengkulu, dengan ketinggian sekitar 400 m di atas permukaan laut. Empat paket teknologi diaplikasikan pada tiga varietas hibrida cabai merah baru dalam desain petak terpisah dengan tiga ulangan. Paket teknologi tersebut adalah Paket-A, Paket-B, Paket-C dan Paket-D. Varietas hibrida cabai merah yang diuji adalah UNIB CHR17F1, UNIB CHR23 dan Maxima. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan pola respon pertumbuhan dan hasil, kecuali ukuran batang, di antara ketiga varietas hibrida terhadap paket teknologi yang diuji. Paket terbaik yang dapat memberikan hasil tinggi adalah paket teknologi A diikuti oleh paket C. Varietas UNIB CHR17F1 memiliki hasil yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan hibrida lainnya.
Kata kunci: Capsicum annum, lahan masam, teknologi tepat guna
Growth Response of Moringa oleifera Lam. Shoot Culture to Benzyladenine and Nitrogen Modification
Authors: Handayani Tri , Leksonowati Aryani , Riastiwi Indira , Ridwan  , Witjaksono  
Published: January 2022

Pada perbanyakan tanaman secara in vitro, sitokinin dan hara nitrogen merupakan beberapa komponen utama yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan morfogenesis tanaman. Pada penelitian ini, komponen utama tersebut diuji untuk optimasi pertumbuhan kultur tunas kelor dengan perlakuan berikut: (1) konsentrasi BA yaitu 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 mg L-1, (2) total konsentrasi N dalam medium yakni 20, 40, 60, 80 mM; (3) perlakuan nisbah NO3-:NH4+ yakni 0:1, 1:3, 1:1, 3:1, 1:0. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak lengkap dengan 10 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan BA 0.25 mg L-1 menghasilkan proliferasi tunas terbaik dengan jumlah buku tertinggi (8.07±3.48). Respon pertumbuhan tunas terhadap perbedaan konsentrasi nitrogen cenderung bersifat parabolik dengan konsentrasi optimum 40–60 mM pada medium standar MS. Perlakuan nisbah nitrat/ amonium menunjukkan pertumbuhan dan biomassa tunas in vitro yang optimal pada nisbah NO3-:NH4+ 3:1. Medium MS dengan modifikasi total konsentrasi nitrogen 40-60 mM dengan nisbah NO3-:NH4+ 3:1 dapat digunakan untuk proliferasi tunas kelor secara in vitro untuk tujuan perbanyakan klonal dari genotipe terpilih.
Kata kunci: Benzyladenin, in vitro, kelor, nisbah nitrat/ amonium, total N
Pengaruh Suhu dan Waktu Pengeringan terhadap Karakteristik Fisikokimia Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus (Weber) Britton & Rose) Kering
Authors: Novia Santi Indri , Supartha Utama I Made , Bintang Madrini Ida Ayu Gede 
Published: January 2022

Sebagai salah satu komoditas hortikultura, buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus (Weber) Britton & Rose) adalah komoditas yang mudah mengalami kerusakan setelah panen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu dan waktu pengeringan terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia buah naga merah kering. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan dua faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama adalah suhu pengeringan terdiri atas tiga taraf, yaitu 40, 50 dan 60 °C dan faktor ke-dua adalah lama waktu pengeringan terdiri dari tiga taraf, yaitu 15 jam, 20 jam dan 25 jam. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Potongan melintang buah naga merah dengan ketebalan 1 cm dikeringkan dengan oven pada suhu dan lama pengeringan sesuai perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan suhu 60 °C dan waktu pengeringan 20 jam menghasilkan buah baga merah kering terbaik berdasarkan nilai perbedaan warna (color difference) antara daging buah segar dan kering, rendemen, kadar air, aktivitas air, padatan terlarut total, asam tertitrasi total, dan vitamin C.
Kata kunci: aktivitas air, asam tertitrasi total, color difference, padatan terlarut total
Assessment of cost-effectiveness of surgical clipping and endovascular coil methods in the treatment of unruptured cerebral aneurysms
Authors: KAR Ahmet , ŞAHİN İsmet , ŞAHİN Bayram 
Published: January 2022

Background and aim: The study aims to assess the cost-effectiveness of endovascular coiling and surgical clipping in the treatment of unruptured cerebral aneurysms.
Materials and methods: Patients with ICD 10 I67.1 and treated with one of the two treatment methods performed at the Hacettepe University Hospitals between January 2013 and December 2015 were included in the study. The cost data in the study were obtained by analyzing patient invoices through the automation program of the university hospital. The effectiveness and treatment costs were assessed using the Markov model with the Social Security Institution’s (SSI) perspective. To generate the cost input in the model, the lifetime costs obtained based on the expert’s opinions were added to the amounts received from patient invoices.
Results: The study results were presented as the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). When 3% reduction rate was applied to the costs and effectiveness data, the Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALY) was calculated as 4.39 and 1.84 for the coiling and clipping methods, respectively. Lifetime costs were 66463.40$ and 7900.27$ for the coiling and clipping methods, respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness rate of endovascular coiling method was 22965.93.
Conclusion: The endovascular coiling method was found to be cost-effective because the ICER score of the process is below the threshold.
Colorectal Cancer Risk Assessment; Awareness, Mediterranean Diet, and Early Detection
Authors: BAYRAK Özge , ARAYICI Mehmet Emin , KAYACIK Nurçin , İŞİDOĞRU Selin , YEŞİL Setenay , ELLİDOKUZ Hülya , ELLİDOKUZ Ender Berat 
Published: January 2022

Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC).is the second and third most common diagnosed cancer in women and men in worldwide, respectively. Nutrition, one of the modifiable risk factors, especially Mediterranean diet (MD) model, is an important place in the prevention of CRC. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of risk factors in patients without CRC and to evaluate the relationship.between CRC risk factors and having knowledge about nutrition compatible with the MD, and early detection methods.
Meterials and Methods: In this study, the relationship between.MD and CRC risk was evaluated using CRC risk factors. A online survey consisting of 47 questions was prepared to collect the study data. Nutritional habits were evaluated using the “Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale”. Statistical analyses was performed that calculating all scores of CRC risk, MD compatibility, knowledge level about CRC and the attitude towards early diagnosis methods. In data analysis, descriptive statistics, Chi-Square Test, Fisher Exact Test, Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney U Test were used. The statistical significance was evaluated as p
Hubungan ilmu negara dengan negara demokrasi
Authors: Sofiana Desmaria 
Published: January 2022

Ilmu negara dapat dikatakan sebagai landasan atau dasar untuk mempelajari hukum negara. Tanpa pemahaman tentang hakikat, bentuk, dan asal mula negara dalam pengertian universalnya, orang-orang akan kesulitan untuk memahami hukum negara. Ilmu tersebut akan membantu mereka memahami pengertian pokok dan asas-asas pokok tentang negara secara umum. Ilmu negara mampu memberi dasar teori bagi hukum tata negara yang sifatnya positif. Hukum negara dapat dikatakan sebagai penyelarasan atau penerapan nyata dari teori-teori yang dipelajari dari ilmu negara. Sehingga, dapat disimpulkan bahwa hukum a negara adalah sebuah ilmu pengetahuan praktis dan ilmu negara adalah sebuah ilmu pengetahuan murni. Sebagai sebuah ilmu pengetahuan praktis atau applied science, hukum negara mempelajari hal-hal yang disediakan, diselidiki, dan dikumpulkan oleh ilmu negara sebagai ilmu pengetahuan murni. Konsep Negara Hukum adalah negara yang berdiri di atas hukum yang menjamin keadilan kepada warga negaranya. Keadilan merupakan syarat bagi tercapainya kebahagian hidup untuk warga negaranya, dan sebagai dasar dari pada keadilan itu perlu diajarkan rasa susila kepada setiap manusia agar ia menjadi warga negara yang baik. Demokrasi sebagai dasar hidup bernegara memberi pengertian bahwa pada tingkat terakhir rakyat memberikan ketentuan masalah pokok yang mengenai kehidupannya, termasuk dalam menilai kebijaksanaan negara, oleh karena itu kebijaksanaan tersebut menentukan kehidupan rakyat.Negara yang menganut Paham demokrasi, maka konsekuensi yang harus lahir dalam konstitusinya pun harus menuangkan atau mencirikan paham demokrasi tersebut. Sebagaimana dijelaskan sebelumnya bahwa pada dasarnya konstitusi merupakan Kesepakatan antara rakyat dengan para penguasa di dalam negara, dengan demikian telah jelas bahwa kesepakatan yang dari rakyat kepada pemerintah haruslah memuat aspirasi dari rakyat itu sendiri. Konstitusi dapatlah dikatakan juga sebagai Produk politik, sebab dari kesepakatan antara rakyat dengan pemerintah tersebut, maka dituangkanlah suara kesepakatan itu didalam suatu naskah yang menjadi dasar dan tonggak berdirinya Hukum dalam sebuah Negara.
Evaluation the Incidence of Genotoxic Effects of Artificial Food Favoring Additives in Bone Marrow Cells and Spleen Cells in Mice
Authors: Hassan Ali F. , H. Jasem Nibras 
Published: January 2022

Genetic material is the most important component of cells because it contains the genetic information; hence any disruption to the structure chromosome of cells could lead to very bad results. Genotoxicity use to evaluate the safety of any chemical compounds on genetic materials. Artificial food flavoring additive are chemical substances to produce specific placebo effects added to foods but impart specific flavor to it.
The present study evaluates the genotoxic effect of artificial food flavoring additive on structure of chromosomes at three different concentrations (50%, 100%and 150%) on both bone marrow cells and spleen cells in mice for fourteen successive days. It was found that artificial food flavoring additive at concentration (50% and 100%) show not significant increase in total chromosomal aberration in both bone marrow cells and spleen cells when compare to negative control (p>0.05) meanwhile at concentration 150% it causes a significant increase when compare to negative control (p<0.05) .The results have been showed that artificial food flavoring additive had a genotoxic effect at (50%, 100% and 150%).
Penguatan Moderasi Beragama Melalui Media Sosial (Studi Terhadap Mahasiswa IAIN SAS Babel)
Authors: Yanasari Pebri 
Published: January 2022

Social media has an important role in strengthening religious moderation, this can be seen so enthusiastic students who skate on social media. So social media has potential in the dissemination of certain issues. This research focuses on strengthening religious moderation towards IAIN SAS Babel Students on social media used. This study presents information to students on thinking patterns and being moderate to issues circulating on social media, especially in terms of religion so that they are able to behave not only textually but are able to be contextually. This type of research, when viewed from the place of research, is classified as field research. Meanwhile, when viewed from data analysis method, this research uses qualitative and comparative descriptive method. The sampling method used by researchers is Non-probability while the sampling technique is Purposive Sampling (Judgment Sampling). The result of this study is that the students showed that they have little understanding of religious moderation, regardless of a deep understanding of certain issues if it is associated in people's lives. Surely this is the basic capital for students especially at IAIN SAS Babel when surfing the social world with issues of religious moderation able to filter and intelligently absorb news or issues that are widely spread through social media.

Keywords : religion, moderation, social media