bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bis(catecholato)silicates: Synthesis and Structural Data
Authors: Millanvois Alexandre , Ollivier Cyril , Fensterbank Louis 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis minireview provides an overview of the synthesized bis(catecholato)silicates based on the nature of the alkyl or aryl residues and associated cations as well as the methods developed for this purpose. Structural and analytical data such as the29Si NMR shift of silicon penta‐ and hexacoordinate derivatives, selected examples of crystal structures by X‐ray diffraction analysis and oxidation potentials of silicates are reported. Some aspects of reactivity are also mentioned.
Nanotechnology‐enhanced edible coating application on climacteric fruits
Authors: Odetayo Temitayo , Tesfay Samson , Ngobese Nomali Ziphorah 
Published: April 2022

AbstractClimacteric fruits continue to ripen after harvest and produce ethylene, coupled with an increase in respiration rate, which contributes to more rapid perishability. Inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis has been shown to be an efficient way to delay the onset of ripening and lengthen shelf life. The use of edible materials as coatings presents an efficient approach in preserving the quality of fruits. Edible coatings have many benefits, such as affordability, ease of application, and use of natural ingredients. Nanotechnology provides interesting approaches to the management of fruit shelf life after harvest. Nanotechnology has the capacity of producing new materials by minimizing the size of components to a nanometric level. These kinds of nanomaterials possess distinct and improved properties for delaying fruit ripening and decay. The main goal of adding nanoparticles to edible coatings is to enhance the biopolymer's mechanical and water vapor barrier properties. Nanoparticles also contain biopolymer‐like features and are thought to have superior antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties than edible coatings. This review is aimed at summarizing recent findings on the application of edible coatings in the form of nanoparticles, and their effect on quality parameters and shelf life extension of climacteric fruits. Peer‐reviewed articles were obtained by using Scopus and science direct. The current materials widely used for coating climacteric fruits are zinc, silver and chitosan nanoparticles. Zinc nanoparticles have been shown to be more effective in delaying ripening significantly by reducing weight and moisture loss and ensuring retention of fruit firmness. Further research is needed to understand their effect on other physicochemical properties of fruits.
Ewing sarcoma and related FET family translocation‐associated round cell tumors: A century of clinical and scientific progress
Authors: Maki Robert G. , Grohar Patrick J. , Antonescu Cristina R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe year 2021 marked the centenary of the first publication of a cancer termed diffuse endothelioma of bone by James Ewing. Its unique features were apparent even in the first case series he described. This new diagnosis was clearly distinct from osteogenic sarcoma and myeloma, which were already well recognized at the time. We undertake this summary to better understanding Ewing sarcoma, contrasting the logarithmic evolution of the standard of care of systemic therapy for this and related diagnoses to the exponential understanding of the molecular biology of this family of tumors. We also outline in this manuscript how the finding of genomic relatives within Ewing sarcoma itself and related tumors, first noted nearly 40 years ago, helps us appreciate the need to find therapeutic plans that are specific for each small round blue cell tumor subtype. The advent of next generation sequencing regarding previously unknown small round blue cell tumor subtypes in many ways puts us back in the shoes of James Ewing in 1921, searching anew for clues leading to better treatments for increasingly rare cancer subsets.
Middle Triassic remnant of the Palaeo‐Tethys Ocean, central Tibet: Constraints from the Pianshishan retrograded eclogite‐type rocks
Authors: Lu Rukui , Li Yang , Sun Shaolin , Liu Yiming , Nan Guowei , Cui Haifeng , Huang Yuanyi 
Published: April 2022

The high‐pressure and low‐temperature metamorphic rocks constitute the important parts of the Longmu Co‐Shuanghu suture zone (LSS) in Tibet, providing a natural window for unveiling the tectonic evolution of the Palaeo‐Tethys Ocean. In this contribution, geochemical studies, including the whole‐rock geochemistry, Sr‐Nd isotopes and zircon U–Pb geochronology, were performed on the Pianshishan garnet amphibolites and retrograded eclogites, to reconstruct the genesis of the protoliths and to reveal tectonic evolution of the Longmu Co‐Shuanghu Palaeo‐Tethys Ocean (LSPTO). The garnet amphibolites show characteristics similar to the retrograded eclogites, representing different degrees of retrograde metamorphism of the Pianshishan eclogites. The protoliths of garnet amphibolites and retrograded eclogites are alkaline basalts, with geochemical characteristics similar to ocean island basalts (OIB) without Nb, Ta or Ti negative anomalies. Furthermore, geochemical data imply that the protoliths were formed by fractional crystallization of the magma derived from partial melting of garnet lherzolites without crustal contamination. The parental magma was probably generated in a relatively depleted but heterogeneous asthenosphere mantle source. Their protoliths erupted as a seamount within the LSPTO. Garnet amphibolites and retrograded eclogites yielded zircon U–Pb weighted mean ages of 240.2 ± 1.7 Ma and 239.1 ± 2.7 Ma, respectively. Combining with previous studies, we suggest that the LSPTO remained open in the Pianshishan area during the Middle Triassic, and the whole ocean might be gradually closed during the Early to Late Triassic. The small remnant ocean basin during the Middle Triassic can well explain a rapid evolution of the Pianshishan eclogite‐type rocks, that is, from generation to eclogite‐facies metamorphism and then to exhumation‐related retrograde metamorphism within ~19 Myr.
The correlation of lncRNA SNHG16 with inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, disease severity, and prognosis in acute ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Xie Chen , Zhu Bin , Gu Juxian , Sun Muhua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundLong non‐coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (lncRNA SNHG16) is involved in the pathogenesis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) through the regulation of brain endothelial cell viability, inflammation, atherosclerotic plaque formation, and neural apoptosis. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of lncRNA SNHG16 in AIS patients.MethodsNewly diagnosed AIS patients (N = 120) were serially recruited. Their lncRNA SNHG16 expressions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were detected by reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR); serum inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules were determined using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The accumulating recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. Moreover, controls (N = 60) were recruited and their lncRNA SNHG16 expressions in PBMCs were detected.ResultsLncRNA SNHG16 was declined in AIS patients compared to controls (p < 0.001). Moreover, lncRNA SNHG16 was not related to any comorbidities in AIS patients (all p > 0.05). Interestingly, lncRNA SNHG16 was negatively related to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) (p < 0.001), interleukin 6 (IL‐6) (p = 0.013), and intracellular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) (p = 0.024), while positively correlated with interleukin 10 (IL‐10) (p = 0.022) in AIS patients. Besides, lncRNA SNHG16 was inversely associated with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score in AIS patients (p = 0.003). During the follow‐up period, in 14 (11.7%) patients occurred recurrence and 5 (4.2%) patients died. Unexpectedly, lncRNA SNHG16 was not associated with accumulating RFS (p = 0.103) or OS (p = 0.150) in AIS patients.ConclusionLncRNA SNHG16 relates to lower inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, and milder disease severity, but fails to predict prognosis in AIS patients.
Age‐specific spectrum of etiological pathogens for viral diarrhea among children in twelve consecutive winter‐spring seasons (2009–2021) in China
Authors: Wang Gang , Zhao Rui‐Qiu , Tang Xiang , Ren Luo , Zhang Yun‐Fa , Ding Heng , Li Yue , Wang Yu‐Na , Li Shuang , Zhang Ling Yu , Liu En‐Mei , Xu Hong‐Mei , Zhang Xiao‐Ai , Liu Wei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractViral diarrhea is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children. This study was conducted to disclose the etiological cause and epidemiological features of viral diarrhea among children in China. From 2009 to 2021, active surveillance was performed on pediatric patients with acute diarrhea and tested for five enteric viruses. Positive detection was determined in 65.56% (3325/5072) patients and an age‐specific infection pattern was observed. A significantly higher positive rate was observed in 12–23‐month‐old children for rotavirus (47.46%) and adenovirus (7.06%), while a significantly higher positive rate was observed for norovirus (37.62%) in 6–11‐month‐old patients, and for astrovirus (11.60%) and sapovirus (10.79%) in 24–47‐month‐old patients. A higher positive rate of rotavirus in girls and norovirus in boys was observed only among 6–11 months of patients. We also observed more norovirus among patients from rural areas in the 0–5‐ and 36–47‐month groups and more rotavirus among those from rural areas in the 12–23‐month group. Diarrhea severity was greater for rotavirus in the 6–23‐month group and norovirus in the 6–11‐month group. Coinfections were observed in 29.26% (973/3325) of positive patients, and were most frequently observed between rotavirus and others (89.31%). Our findings could help the prediction, prevention, and potential therapeutic approaches to viral diarrhea in children.
Center of mass and anatomical coordinate system definition for sheep head kinematics, with application to ovine models of traumatic brain injury
Authors: Sharkey Jessica M. , Quarrington Ryan D. , Magarey Charlie C. , Jones Claire F. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPathological outcomes of traumatic brain injury (TBI), including diffuse axonal injury, are influenced by the direction, magnitude, and duration of head acceleration during the injury exposure. Ovine models have been used to study injury mechanics and pathological outcomes of TBI. To accurately describe the kinematics of the head during an injury exposure, and better facilitate comparison with human head kinematics, anatomical coordinate systems (ACS) with an origin at the head or brain center of mass (CoM), and axes that align with the ovine Frankfort plane equivalent, are required. The aim of this study was to determine the mass properties of the sheep head and brain, and define an ACSvirtual for the head and brain, using anatomical landmarks on the skull with the aforementioned origins and orientation. Three‐dimensional models of 10 merino sheep heads were constructed from computed tomography images, and the coordinates of the head and brain CoMs, relative to a previously reported sheep head coordinate system (ACSphysical), were determined using the Hounsfield unit–mass density relationship. The ACSphysical origin was 34.8 ± 3.1 mm posterosuperior of the head CoM and 43.7 ± 1.7 anteroinferior of the brain CoM. Prominent internal anatomical landmarks were then used to define a new ACS (ACSvirtual) with axes aligned with the Frankfort plane equivalent and an origin 10.4 ± 3.2 mm from the head CoM. The CoM and ACSvirtual defined in this study will increase the potential for comparison of head kinematics between ovine models and humans, in the context of TBI.
Biomechanical investigation of S2 alar‐iliac screw and S1 pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of Denis type II sacral fractures
Authors: Zheng Jianxiong , Liu Fei , Xiang Jie , Leung Frankie K. L. , Feng Xiaoreng , Chen Bin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlthough S2 alar‐iliac screw technique has been widely used in spinal surgery, its applicability to pelvic fractures is largely unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical stability of S2 alar‐iliac screw and S1 pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of Denis II sacral fractures. Twenty‐eight artificial pelvic fracture models were treated with unilateral lumbopelvic fixation, sacroiliac screw fixation, S2 alar‐iliac screw and S1 pedicle screw fixation, and S2 alar‐iliac screw and contralateral S1 pedicle screw fixation (Groups 1–4, respectively; N = 7 per group). Each model was cyclically tested under increasing axial compression. Optical motion‐tracking was used to assess relative displacement and gap angle, and the number of failure cycles. Relative displacement was significantly smaller in Group 3 than in Groups 1 (p = 0.004) and 4 (p < 0.001) but not significantly different between Groups 3 and 2 (p = 0.290). The gap angle in Group 3 was significantly smaller than that in Group 1 (p = 0.009) on the sagittal plane but significantly larger than that in Group 4 (p = 0.006) on the horizontal plane. A number of failure cycles was significantly higher in Group 3 than in Groups 1 (p = 0.002) and 4 (p = 0.004) but not significantly different between Groups 3 and 2 (p = 0.910). From a biomechanical perspective, S2 alar‐iliac screw and S1 pedicle screw fixation can provide good stability in the treatment of Denis II sacral fractures.
Thin and low‐reflection metal black matrix for high ppi liquid crystal display
Authors: Yoshida Keisuke , Ueda Satoshi , Hachiya Atsushi , Okada Kuniaki , Hirai Akira , Kawahira Yuichi , Misaki Katsunori , Furukawa Hiroaki , Katoh Hiromi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA 2.9‐inch 2K2K (1058 ppi) panel using low‐reflection metal black matrix (BM) has been developed. We confirmed lower reflectance of LCD with low‐reflection metal BM that is required for VR headsets recently and also confirmed that there was no adverse effect on the display optical characteristics. We have shown that a thinner BM allows us to design more transparent pixels by increasing the aperture ratio or to increase the color viewing angle.
Congenital aural atresia and first branchial cleft anomalies: Cholesteatoma and surgical management
Authors: Liao Elizabeth N. , Chan Dylan K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo describe the prevalence and significance of first branchial cleft anomalies in children with congenital aural atresia.MethodsRetrospective cohort study and case series. Patients were included if they had ICD‐10 code Q16.0, Q16.1, Q16.9, Q17.2, or Q17.9 in their medical record and were seen at UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital from 2012 to 2020 for aural atresia. Children were categorized as having aural atresia and first branchial cleft anomalies if the presence of a first branchial cleft anomaly was noted in otolaryngology provider notes; otherwise, they were categorized as aural atresia alone. Patients with aural atresia and first branchial cleft anomalies were included in the case series.ResultsAmong 125 children with congenital aural atresia, 5 (4%) were identified with first branchial cleft anomalies. In all cases, an epithelialized tract was noted to originate from the inferior aspect of the middle ear cleft, exiting the temporal bone in an inferomedial position adjacent to the stylomastoid foramen, with a cutaneous exit point inferior to the expected location of the native ear canal. There was no association with sex, microtia grade, or laterality of atresia; however, children with aural atresia and first branchial cleft anomalies were significantly more likely to have syndromes such as Goldenhar and Treacher Collins (p = .04) than those with aural atresia alone.3/5 (60%) children with aural atresia and first branchial cleft anomalies presented with cholesteatoma compared with 1/120 (0.8%) children with aural atresia alone, a significant difference (p < .001). All four children over the age of two have undergone surgical management. In two of these, excision of the branchial cleft anomaly could be combined with atresiaplasty, with normal hearing results in both cases.ConclusionsAural atresia can be associated with comorbid anomalies of the head and neck. First branchial cleft anomalies can be suspected based on characteristic clinical appearance and confirmed with computed tomography showing a typical course through the temporal bone. When present in the context of congenital aural atresia, first branchial cleft anomalies are associated with a significantly increased risk for cholesteatoma, often necessitating surgical management with favorable hearing outcomes.Level of evidence4.
An Ultra Facile Debonding Method to Develop a Superhydrophobic Surface Based on a Polymer Composite Film
Authors: Liu Qiang , Li Qiang , Zhu Duanyi , He XiuZhi , Wang Rongqi , Zhou Xiaoqin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFlexible and thin polymer surfaces with superhydrophobic characteristic have great prospects in many engineering fields, such as self‐cleaning, ice‐proofing, and drag reduction. However, the large‐scale practical applications of superhydrophobic materials are still rarely reported and generally impeded by the existing fabrication methods due to the limits of complicated procedures, toxic solvent applications, harsh conditions occasionally, high cost and low yield. Herein, an ultra‐facile one‐step debonding method to develop superhydrophobic surface based on multilayer extruded macromolecular PA/PE composite film is developed. By employing thermoplasticity and extensibility of polymer film, the pristine smooth PA/PE film could get hierarchical microscale grass‐like, block island and groove structures on its surface, forming an open air‐pockets layer, which endows the normal film with new features of superhydrophobicity, low water adhesion, self‐cleaning and ice‐proofing with inexpensive, environmentally friendly, simple, and fast fabricating strategy.
Spatio‐temporal rainfall variability and trend analysis in the Tekeze‐Atbara river basin, northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Bizuneh Asfaw , Grum Berhane , Degu Ahmed Mohammed , Goitom Haddush 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSpatial and temporal rainfall variability analysis at a basin scale is essential to understand water availability for sustainable water resource management. This study investigated the spatial distribution and temporal rainfall trend in the Tekeze river basin using daily rainfall data collected from 43 meteorological stations with records from 1960 to 2019. Coefficient of variation, seasonality index (SI) and trend index were used to evaluate monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall variability in the basin. The non‐parametric Mann‐Kendall's test was used to understand any rainfall trends. Results showed that there is moderate annual rainfall variability in the basin. Rainfall variability is higher in the Tsedey, Bega and Belg than kiremt season. SI results showed that majority of the Tekeze river basin is categorized as seasonal, most of the rain occurring in less than 3 months. Overall, Mann‐Kendall's test result revealed that there is no significant annual rainfall trend in the basin except for four stations. The seasonal rainfall characteristics and short duration of rain in the basin indicate that there is a need to implement water harvesting measures during the wet season for use in the dry periods.
An event‐triggered optimal cooperative guidance law for simultaneous attacks with impact angle constraints
Authors: Liu Jinhao , Yang Jianying 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article proposes a multimissile cooperative guidance law for simultaneous attacks with impact angle constraints based on an event‐triggered strategy. The guidance law has two parts. One part is derived from optimal control to satisfy impact angle constraints, and the other is a cooperative term to perform simultaneous attacks. An event‐triggered strategy is introduced to reduce communication frequency and save energy. The consensus is proved by the Lyapunov theory. Efficacy of the proposed guidance law is verified by numerical simulations.
GRAPES: Trivia game increases sickle cell disease knowledge in patients and providers and mitigates healthcare biases
Authors: Ouyang Amy , Gadiraju Manasa , Gadiraju Veda , Power Landon , Gadiraju Vinitha , Liu Gloria , Guilliams Kristin P. , Binkley Michael M. , Badawy Sherif M. , Fields Melanie E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with sickle cell disease (SCD) endure healthcare biases that are partially due to a lack of disease‐specific education among healthcare providers. Furthermore, there is a paucity of age‐appropriate health education materials for patients with SCD. To address this gap, we created the GRAPES tool (Game to Raise Awareness for Patient/Provider/Public Education of SCD; www.tinyurl.com/GRAPESgame) and hypothesized that utilization of the GRAPES tool will improve patient and provider SCD knowledge and mitigate healthcare bias.ProcedureThe GRAPES tool is an online, single‐player trivia game. A feasibility study was conducted in pediatric patients with SCD at age 10 years or older and registered nurses. All participants were assessed for change in SCD‐relevant knowledge and satisfaction post‐gameplay. Providers were assessed for change in attitudes toward patients with SCD post‐gameplay.ResultsTwenty‐five patients and 25 providers were enrolled. All participants (P < 0.001), and specifically within the patient (P = 0.019) and provider (P < 0.001) cohorts, showed increased SCD knowledge post‐gameplay. Both patients and providers reported high satisfaction with GRAPES. Provider negative attitudes were reduced (P = 0.007) post‐gameplay without change in positive attitudes (P = 0.959). Providers demonstrated post‐gameplay reduced (P = 0.001) belief that patients’ changing behavior around providers indicates inappropriate drug‐seeking behavior.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the feasibility and acceptability of the GRAPES tool as a potential digital, behavioral intervention to provide educational materials for patients and their providers in different clinical settings, improve knowledge about SCD, and decrease stigma against patients with SCD in the healthcare setting.