bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Underwater Energy Harvesting and Sensing by Sweeping Out the Charges in an Electric Double Layer using an Oil Droplet
Authors: Qin Huaifang , Xu Liang , Lin Shiquan , Zhan Fei , Dong Kai , Han Kai , Wang Huamei , Feng Yawei , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAs an emerging technology for energy harvesting and distributed power supply, triboelectric nanogenerators are mainly based on a dielectric capacitive structure. Here, a new mechanism by introducing an oil phase into a water–solid interface is demonstrated for energy harvesting based on electric double layer (EDL) capacitance. Through squeezing and releasing oil droplets on a dielectric surface in water environment, charge transfer is observed in the back electrode accompanying the movement of the oil–water–solid three‐phase line. The charge transfer is mainly attributed to the effect that the oil phase sweeps away ions near the dielectric surface in the EDL due to the discrepancy of EDL between water–solid and oil–solid interfaces. Under the water environment, the device is shown to be capable of direct energy harvesting and self‐powered sensing without costly packaging. As a new working mode relying on EDL, it allows developing nanogenerators adaptive to severe environments even underwater with low friction and wear, and narrowing the gap between energy harvesting devices and electro‐chemical devices. Through further enhanced EDL, it is reasonable to anticipate devices with an ultrahigh charge density comparable with EDL super capacitors, opening up an avenue toward new nanogenerators with overwhelming performance for practical applications ranging from blue energy harvesting to electro‐catalysis.
Biomineralized Materials as Model Systems for Structural Composites: 3D Architecture
Authors: Jia Zian , Deng Zhifei , Li Ling 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBiomineralized materials are sophisticated material systems with hierarchical 3D material architectures, which are broadly used as model systems for fundamental mechanical, materials science, and biomimetic studies. The current knowledge of the structure of biological materials is mainly based on 2D imaging, which often impedes comprehensive and accurate understanding of the materials’ intricate 3D microstructure and consequently their mechanics, functions, and bioinspired designs. The development of 3D techniques such as tomography, additive manufacturing, and 4D testing has opened pathways to study biological materials fully in 3D. This review discusses how applying 3D techniques can provide new insights into biomineralized materials that are either well known or possess complex microstructures that are challenging to understand in the 2D framework. The diverse structures of biomineralized materials are characterized based on four universal structural motifs. Nacre is selected as an example to demonstrate how the progression of knowledge from 2D to 3D can bring substantial improvements to understanding the growth mechanism, biomechanics, and bioinspired designs. State‐of‐the‐art multiscale 3D tomographic techniques are discussed with a focus on their integration with 3D geometric quantification, 4D in situ experiments, and multiscale modeling. Outlook is given on the emerging approaches to investigate the synthesis–structure–function–biomimetics relationship.
Recent Development and Applications of Advanced Materials via Direct Ink Writing
Authors: Tsang Alpha Chi Him , Zhang Jintao , Hui Kwun Nam , Hui Kwan San , Huang Haibao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDirect ink writing (DIW), a type of extrusion‐based 3D printing method, enables the rapid design and building of size‐ and shape‐scalable 3D structures in a low‐cost and green manner without the need for specific size reactors and secondary substrates compared to traditional synthesis methods. Coupling the use of sol‐gel inks with optimized rheological properties (elastoviscosity and shear stress) and a wide range of nanomaterials enhances the mechanical and electrical conductivity of printed products. In this review, the recent development in DIW methods, critical requirements for printable DIW inks, and applications of DIW‐printed products in medical, energy storage, and environmental treatment are reviewed. A perspective outlook associated with limitations from current DIW research is proposed for the breakthrough development of such technology in the future.
High Quality Inkjet Printed‐Emissive Nanocrystalline Perovskite CsPbBr3 Layers for Color Conversion Layer and LEDs Applications
Authors: Vescio Giovanni , Frieiro Juan Luis , Gualdrón‐Reyes Andrés F. , Hernández Sergi , Mora‐Seró Iván , Garrido Blas , Cirera Albert 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMetal halide perovskites (MHPs) have shown outstanding optical emissive properties and can be employed in several optoelectronics devices. In contrast with materials of well‐established technologies, which are prone to degradation or require expensive processes, MHPs can be obtained by solution processing methods and increase stability. Inkjet printing is proposed as an industrial friendly technique to deposit MHPs. The inks have been developed from colloidal CsPbBr3 nanocrystals and printing procedures that allow the deposition of thin layers with intense green emission. High emissive printed layers are assured by carrying out thermal annealing in vacuum oven, which is demonstrated to promote compact layers with low roughness, corroborated by SEM and AFM. XRD measurements show CsPbBr3 crystalline layers with cubic symmetry and XPS provides insight into the stoichiometric composition and local bonding. Optical properties of inkjet‐printed CsPbBr3 films have been analyzed by UV–vis absorbance and photoluminescence (PL), to extract the bandgap energy and photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). CsPbBr3 printed layers emit at 524 nm with a narrow emission (FWHM ≈ 15 nm), exhibiting a PLQY up to 20%. These results enabled the large‐scale fabrication by inkjet printing of CsPbBr3 color conversion layers (CCLs) and pave the way for flexible LEDs.
Modeling and Characterization of the Passive Bending Stiffness of Nanoparticle‐Coated Sperm Cells using Magnetic Excitation
Authors: Dias João M. S. , Estima Daniel , Punte Harmen , Klingner Anke , Marques Lino , Magdanz Veronika , Khalil Islam S. M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOf all the various locomotion strategies in low‐, traveling‐wave propulsion methods with an elastic tail are preferred because they can be developed using simple designs and fabrication procedures. The only intrinsic property of the elastic tail that governs the form and rate of wave propagation along its length is the bending stiffness. Such traveling wave motion is performed by spermatozoa, which possess a tail that is characterized by intrinsic variable stiffness along its length. In this paper, the passive bending stiffness of the magnetic nanoparticle‐coated flagella of bull sperm cells is measured using a contactless electromagnetic‐based excitation method. Numerical elasto‐hydrodynamic models are first developed to predict the magnetic excitation and relaxation of nanoparticle‐coated nonuniform flagella. Then solutions are provided for various groups of nonuniform flagella with disparate nanoparticle coatings that relate their bending stiffness to their decay rate after the magnetic field is removed and the flagellum restores its original configuration. The numerical models are verified experimentally, and capture the effect of the nanoparticle coating on the bending stiffness. It is also shown that electrostatic self‐assembly enables arbitrarily magnetizable cellular segments with variable stiffness along the flagellum. The bending stiffness is found to depend on the number and location of the magnetized cellular segments.
Co‐MnO2 Nanorods for High‐Performance Sodium/Potassium‐Ion Batteries and Highly Conductive Gel‐Type Supercapacitors
Authors: Han Jun , Li Dian‐sen , Jiang Lei , Fang Dai‐ning 
Published: January 2022

AbstractManganese dioxide (MnO2) is considered as a strong candidate in the field of new‐generation electronic equipment. Herein, Co‐MnO2 has excellent electrochemical properties in tests as the cathode electrode of sodium‐ion batteries and potassium‐ion batteries. The rate performance remains at 50.2 mAh g−1 at 200 mA g−1 for sodium‐ion batteries. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) is utilized to evaluate the crystal structure transition from Co0.2‐MnO2 to NaMnO2 with discharge to 1 V, proving that Co‐doping does indeed facilitate the acceleration of ion transport and support layer spacing to stabilize the structure of MnO2. Subsequently, highly conductive (0.0848 S cm−1) gel‐type supercapacitors are prepared by combining Co0.2‐MnO2, potassium hydroxide (KOH), and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) together. Co0.2‐MnO2 provides capacitive behavior and strengthens the hydrogen bonds between molecules. KOH acts as an ion crosslinker to enhance hydrogen bond and as electrolyte to transport ions. 5 wt% Co0.2‐MnO2@KOH/PVA has superb mechanical endurance, appreciable electrical conductivity, and ideal capacitive behavior. The quasi‐solid‐state supercapacitor demonstrates stabilized longevity (86.5% at 0.2 mA cm−3 after 500 cycles), which can greatly promote the integration of flexible energy storage fabric devices.
Polar Chirality in BiFeO3 Emerging from A Peculiar Domain Wall Sequence
Authors: Fusil Stéphane , Chauleau Jean‐Yves , Li Xiaoyan , Fischer Johanna , Dufour Pauline , Léveillé Cyril , Carrétéro Cécile , Jaouen Nicolas , Viret Michel , Gloter Alexandre , Garcia Vincent 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTopological states are currently gathering intensive investigation in condensed matter physics due to their potential as configurable electronic devices for the future era coined “topotronics.” Beyond numerous breakthroughs in magnetism over the past decade, a new paradigm is emerging with the proposal of topologically protected objects in ferroelectric materials. Recently, ferroelectric skyrmions and vortices are observed in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices, opening the path toward ultra‐small topological objects with low‐power electric‐field control. Here, the observation of chiral polar windings in a single epitaxial thin film, triggered by its self‐organized stripe domain pattern arrangement, is reported. Combining resonant elastic X‐ray scattering and scanning transmission electron microscopy, signatures of polar chirality in epitaxial BiFeO3 thin films corroborated with a complex ferroelectric domain wall structure are shown. The net chirality suggests that domain walls induce a polar rotation through a small path alternating with an unexpected long path at every second domain wall. In addition, scanning probe microscopy reveals singularities associated to this peculiar domain wall structure. These results bring new insights into the unexpected complexity of standard striped‐domain BiFeO3 thin films and open questions as for the driving force of this polar chirality.
Memtransistor Devices Based on MoS2Multilayers with Volatile Switching due to Ag Cation Migration
Authors: Farronato Matteo , Melegari Margherita , Ricci Saverio , Hashemkhani Shahin , Bricalli Alessandro , Ielmini Daniele 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn the recent years, the need for fast, robust, and scalable memory devices have spurred the exploration of advanced materials with unique electrical properties. Among these materials, 2D semiconductors are promising candidates as they combine atomically thin size, semiconductor behavior, and complementary metal–oxide‐semiconductor compatibility. Here a three‐terminal memtransistor device, based on multilayer MoS2with ultrashort channel length, that combines the usual transistor behavior of 2D semiconductors with resistive switching memory operation is presented. The volatile switching behavior is explained by the Ag cation migration along the channel surface. An extensive physical and electrical characterization to investigate the fundamental properties of the device, is presented. Finally, a chain‐type memory array architecture similar to a NAND flash structure consisting of memtransistors is demonstrated, where the individual memory devices can be selected for write and read, paving the way for high‐density, 3D memories based on 2D semiconductors.
Examination of factors related to pathological severity and microperforation in patients undergoing surgery for acute appendicitis
Authors: Sekiguchi Naoko , Matsuyama Jin , Koh Masahiro , Iede Kiyotsugu , Ueda Masami , Tsuda Yujiro , Nakashima Shinsuke , Tanida Tsukasa , Ikenaga Masakazu , Yamada Terumasa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPatients suffering from appendicitis with severe pathological findings or microperforation have a poor prognosis. Therefore, when selecting treatments, it is critical to clarify the factors related to histopathological severity and the presence of microperforation in cases diagnosed as mild appendicitis. We retrospectively collected data from 357 consecutive patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis based on symptoms such as fever, physical findings, blood tests, and imaging findings who underwent surgery at the Higashiosaka City Medical Center between January 2016 and December 2020. We investigated the predictors of pathological severity and the presence or absence of microperforations. Of the 335 patients, 252 (75%) had clinically mild appendicitis. In the multivariate analysis, diameter of the appendix ≥10.9 mm (P = .0013) and C‐reactive protein ≥5.0 mg/dl (P = .0011) were related to gangrenous appendicitis, with odds ratios of 2.67 (95% confidence interval: 1.23‐5.80) and 3.88 (95% confidence interval: 1.71‐8.77), respectively. On the other hand, the presence of an appendicolith (P = .0083) and duration from onset to surgery ≥2 days (P = .0033) were related to microperforation, with odds ratios of 6.82 (95% confidence interval: 1.64‐28.4) and 3.73 (95% confidence interval: 1.21‐12.4), respectively. Patients with gangrenous appendicitis or microperforation had higher rates of postoperative complications, including more cases of Clavien‐Dindo classification III and longer hospital stays (P < .05). Even in cases of clinically mild appendicitis, there is a possibility of microperforation or gangrenous appendicitis. Therefore, it is essential to carefully select the treatment in cases with more than 2 days after symptom onset, a dilated appendix, and an appendicolith.
Dehydrated UiO‐66(SH)2: The Zr−O Cluster and Its Photocatalytic Role Mimicking the Biological Nitrogen Fixation
Authors: Guo Binbin , Cheng Xiyue , Tang Yu , Guo Wei , Deng Shuiquan , Wu Ling , Fu Xianzhi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis work reports the dehydrated Zr‐based MOF UiO‐66(SH)2 as a visible‐light‐driven photocatalyst to mimic the biological N2 fixation process. The 15N2 and other control experiments demonstrated that the new photocatalyst is highly efficient in converting N2 to ammonia. In‐situ TGA, XPS, and EXAFS as well as first‐principles simulations were used to demonstrate the role of the thermal treatment and the changes of the local structures around Zr due to the dehydration. It was shown that the dehydration opened a gate for the entry of N2 molecules into the [Zr6O6] cluster where the strong N≡N bond was broken stepwise by μ‐N−Zr type interactions driven by the photoelectrons aided by the protonation. This mechanism was discussed in comparison with the Lowe–Thorneley mechanism proposed for the MoFe nitrogenase, and with emphasis on the [Zr6O6] cluster effect and the leading role of photoelectrons over the protonation. The results shed new light on understanding the catalytic mechanism of biological N2 fixation and open a new way to fix N2 under mild conditions.
Mapping Dual‐Base‐Enabled Nickel‐Catalyzed Aryl Amidations: Application in the Synthesis of 4‐Quinolones
Authors: McGuire Ryan T. , Lundrigan Travis , MacMillan Joshua W. M. , Robertson Katherine N. , Yadav Arun A. , Stradiotto Mark 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe C−N cross‐coupling of (hetero)aryl (pseudo)halides with NH substrates employing nickel catalysts and organic amine bases represents an emergent strategy for the sustainable synthesis of (hetero)anilines. However, unlike protocols that rely on photoredox/electrochemical/reductant methods within NiI/III cycles, the reaction steps that comprise a putative Ni0/II C−N cross‐coupling cycle for a thermally promoted catalyst system using organic amine base have not been elucidated. Here we disclose an efficient new nickel‐catalyzed protocol for the C−N cross‐coupling of amides and 2′‐(pseudo)halide‐substituted acetophenones, for the first time where the (pseudo)halide is chloride or sulfonate, which makes use of the commercial bisphosphine ligand PAd2‐DalPhos (L4) in combination with an organic amine base/halide scavenger, leading to 4‐quinolones. Room‐temperature stoichiometric experiments involving isolated Ni0, I, and II species support a Ni0/II pathway, where the combined action of DBU/NaTFA allows for room‐temperature amide cross‐couplings.
Operando Imaging of Chemical Activity on Gold Plates with Single‐Molecule Electrochemiluminescence Microscopy
Authors: Dong Jinrun , Xu Yang , Zhang Ziqing , Feng Jiandong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractClassical electrochemical characterization tools cannot avoid averaging between the active reaction sites and their support, thus obscuring their intrinsic roles. Single‐molecule electrochemical techniques are thus in high demand. Here, we demonstrate super‐resolution imaging of Ru(bpy)32+ based reactions on Au plates using single‐molecule electrochemiluminescence microscopy. By converting electrochemical signals into optical signals, we manage to achieve the ultimate sensitivity of single‐entity chemistry, that is directly resolving the single photons from individual electrochemical reactions. High spatial resolution, up to 37 nm, further enables mapping Au chemical activity and the reaction kinetics. The spatiotemporally resolved dynamic structure–activity relationship on Au plates shows that the restructuring of catalysts plays an important role in determining the reactivity. Our approach may lead to gaining new insights towards evaluating and designing electrocatalytic systems.
Kinetics‐Regulated Interfacial Selective Superassembly of Asymmetric Smart Nanovehicles with Tailored Topological Hollow Architectures
Authors: Xie Lei , Liu Tianyi , He Yanjun , Zeng Jie , Zhang Wei , Liang Qirui , Huang Zilin , Tang Jinyao , Liang Kang , Jiang Lei , Terasaki Osamu , Zhao Dongyuan , Kong Biao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHollow nanoparticles featuring tunable structures with spatial and chemical specificity are of fundamental interest. However, it remains a significant challenge to design and synthesize asymmetric nanoparticles with controllable topological hollow architecture. Here, a versatile kinetics‐regulated cooperative polymerization induced interfacial selective superassembly strategy is demonstrated to construct a series of asymmetric hollow porous composites (AHPCs) with tunable diameters, architectures and components. The size and number of patches on Janus nanoparticles can be precisely manipulated by the precursor and catalyst content. Notably, AHPCs exhibit excellent photothermal conversion performance under the irradiation of a near infrared (NIR) laser. Thus, AHPCs are utilized as NIR light‐triggered nanovehicles and cargos can be controllably released. In brief, this versatile superassembly approach offers a streamlined and powerful toolset to design diverse asymmetric hollow porous composites.
Implementing a Surgical Smoke Evacuation Policy and Procedure: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Ostapovych Ulana , Vortman Rebecca 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTEnergy‐generating surgical devices (eg, electrosurgical units, lasers) produce surgical smoke that can cause negative health effects in exposed individuals. In 2019, a review of nursing documentation at an urban teaching hospital revealed that personnel were properly evacuating surgical smoke during less than 0.5% of applicable procedures. To address the noncompliance and reduce exposure to surgical smoke, an interdisciplinary team initiated a quality improvement project to implement a surgical smoke evacuation policy for all smoke‐generating procedures. The project included creation and implementation of a smoke evacuation policy, staff member education on the hazards of surgical smoke and proper evacuation device use, and acquisition of the proper smoke evacuation equipment. After instituting the policy in June 2020, results of a three‐month chart audit showed that there was nursing documentation confirming personnel used energy‐generating devices and the corresponding surgical smoke evacuation devices during 664 of 2,224 procedures, for a compliance rate of 30%.
Operational Effect of COVID‐19 on Surgical Care at a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital
Authors: Ferry Andrew M. , Dibbs Rami P. , Ward Amanda , Velez Veronica , Ringold Sarah L. , Archer Nakeisha M. , Winebar Janet M. , Andropoulos Dean B. , Hollier Jr Larry H. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTThe detrimental effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic have profoundly disrupted surgical care at health care facilities worldwide. At our tertiary pediatric hospital, we made substantial adjustments to surgical suite utilization and staff member scheduling to account for reductions in surgical volume, increased demand for staff members in other sectors of the hospital, and the highly infectious properties of the virus. Perioperative leaders took advantage of the pandemic’s disruption to clinical activities to design and implement a new procedure‐scheduling process to rectify the inefficiencies that had accumulated as the previous system evolved. The implementation of said directives was largely facilitated by establishing communication with all involved parties for their input and feedback throughout the process. Although COVID‐19 has had varying effects on procedural operations across pediatric health care facilities, we believe our institutional response to the disruptive forces of COVID‐19 is of benefit to pediatric hospitals worldwide.
Oxidized cyclodextrin inclusion tea tree oil to prepare long‐lasting antibacterial collagen scaffold for enhanced wound healing
Authors: Song Qiantao , Wang Lu , Chen Yining , Dan Weihua , Dan Nianhua 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNot only are the physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of biomaterials important considerations, but also their antibacterial properties. Fetal cowhide acellular dermal matrix (FADM), as a collagen scaffold with good biocompatibility and bioactivity, is difficult to be used to promote wound healing due to lack of sufficient mechanical strength and resistance to degradation. In order to solve this defect and give it long‐lasting antibacterial properties, a novel chemically‐cross‐linked antibacterial fetal cowhide acellular dermal matrix scaffold (β‐CD/TTO‐FADM) was fabricated by simultaneous modification by oxidized cyclodextrin (OCD) and tea tree oil (TTO). The cross‐linking of OCD improved the physical and chemical properties of FADM. TTO endowed it wide‐spectrum antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Apart from this, the drug‐carrying capacity of OCD could also control the release of the TTO, and made the antibacterial ability durable and temperature sensitive. In addition, cell experiments and animal experiments showed that β‐CD/TTO‐FADM had good biocompatibility and could accelerate the wound healing process. Overall, an improved wound dressing with antibacterial properties that can be used in clinics has been developed, and it has also provided ideas for the development and application of drug‐loaded crosslinking agents.