bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trait driven or neutral: understanding the change in functional trait diversity during early plant succession using Price partitions
Authors: Ulrich Werner , Zaplata Markus Klemens 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Habitat filtering, species interactions, and neutral colonisation and extinction dynamics govern the sequence of community assembly and functional diversity during primary plant succession. For an understanding we need to disentangle the underlying abiotic and biotic drivers behind these processes. Here we use data on plant seed size, number and specific leaf area from 107 initially homogeneous study plots along a seven year sequence of primary succession (2005–2011) in a 6 ha German artificial catchment and show that an additive partition of the temporal change in functional diversity (FD) into trait, richness, and abundance effects can according to a recently developed new Price partitioning provide insights into the relative importance of these drivers. Average FD steadily increased during the first four years of succession and reached a plateau in 2009. The annual change in FD was plot specific manifest in a highly positively skewed distribution. Average change in FD were comparatively low up to 2008 and later high. Initial soil characteristics and plant demand traits did not significantly influence the change in functional diversity. We observed trade-offs in the influence of species and abundance effects that tended to decrease the change in FD. We conclude that the high plot specific spatial variability of the annual changes in FD transform an initially homogeneous distribution of plants into a mosaic of very different local plant communities. Our partitioning results also indicate that the successional sequences in FD are in accordance with a hidden Markov series.
Strength and size relationships of toe flexor muscles with special reference to the toes intended for force production
Authors: Kusagawa Yuki , Kurihara Toshiyuki , Maeo Sumiaki , Sugiyama Takashi , Kanehisa Hiroaki , Isaka Tadao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Toe flexor strength (TFS) has been shown to be associated with the size of toe flexor muscles. However, it is unclear how the relationship between muscle size and TFS varies depending on the toe(s) intended for force production. We hypothesized that the TFS produced by all toes (TFS-All), the great toe (TFS-Great), and lesser toes (TFS-Lesser) would be specifically associated with the size of the muscles specialized in each toe flexion. The maximal anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSAmax) of each toe flexor muscle was measured by magnetic resonance imaging in fifteen healthy young men. The three TFS were measured using a custom-made toe push dynamometer. TFS-All was significantly associated with ACSAmax of the flexor hallucis brevis (r = 0.570, P = 0.026). However, the TFS-Great and TFS-Lesser showed no significant correlation with the ACSAmax of any muscles. The current results indicate that the magnitude of TFS, depending on the toes intended for force production, is not associated with the size of the muscles specialized in each toe flexion. This may be attributed to the difficulties separately producing TFS with the great toe and lesser toes, potentially due to decreased voluntary activation and/or mechanically connected tendons in the toe flexor muscles.
Role of Aid Recipient Countries Need, Human Rights and Governance in Aid Allocation
Authors: Keramat Syed Afroz , Monasi Nahid , Hashmi Rubayyat 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study estimates the responsiveness of Official development assistance (ODA) to aid recipient countries’ needs, human rights, and governance. To attain the objective the author forms a multiple linear regression model where net ODA per capita is the dependent variable and GDP per capita, infant mortality rate, adult literacy rate, civil liberties and government effectiveness are the explanatory variables. The author use panel data that covers 47 least developed countries and period from 1992 to 2013. Fixed effect model is used to control political, strategic and other considerations of donors. This study produces some evidence in support of the hypothesis that GDP per capita has influence on aid allocation. This study doesn’t find any influence of human rights and good governance in aid allocation.
Estructuras y procesos espaciales del municipio de Montería en su contexto rural
Authors: Torres O Jose Luis , Garnica B Rosana 
Published: August 2022

Resumen
Este artículo muestra parte de los resultados del trabajo de investigación denominado “Organización Espacial y Funcional del Área Rural del Municipio de Montería, Departamento De Córdoba, Colombia: Bases para la Planificación del Espacio Rural (Corregimental)”. El objetivo es determinar las estructuras y procesos espaciales que inciden en la configuración y distribución espacial de los asentamientos rurales. Se sustenta teórica y metodológicamente desde el enfoque espacial en geografía, mediante la teoría Locacional y de los Grafos, por medio del método deductivo – analítico y de tipo explicativo. El municipio de Montería en su contexto rural refleja fuertes desequilibrios espaciales producto de la alta concentración poblacional, económica, administrativa y política alrededor de la cabecera municipal, generando un bajo nivel de desarrollo en el resto de asentamientos rurales distribuidos de manera dispersa, con tamaños poblacionales muy reducidos y aislados en una gran extensión de territorio, limitados principalmente por estructuras espaciales de localización y la distancia entre asentamientos rurales, ocasionado principalmente por elementos físicos, históricos, económicos sociales y políticos que dejan en evidencia la falta de cohesión territorial del espacio rural en el municipio de Montería.
Acoplamiento molecular de potenciales inhibidores de Niemann Pick C1, involucrada en la transmisión del virus del Ébola
Authors: López O. Jesús M. , Bravo R. Yarelys P. , Ensuncho M Adolfo E. 
Published: August 2022

Resumen
En este trabajo se diseñaron potenciales inhibidores de la transmisión del virus del Ébola mediante el análisis del sitio de unión de la proteína Niemann Pick C1, por medio de acoplamiento molecular. Para esta investigación se hizo un estudio del sitio de unión de la proteína con el colesterol usando los programas protein plus y Castp; seguido a esto se realizó la validación del método utilizando los softwares Ligplot +, USCF Chimera y AutoDockTools. Posteriormente, se tomaron moléculas de otras investigaciones para estudiar sus interacciones y con base a esto se diseñaron nuevas moléculas a las cuales se les aplicó acoplamiento molecular para poder escoger las moléculas con mejores energías de unión y finalmente a este seleccionado grupo se les realizó un estudio de las propiedades farmacocinéticas por medio de Swiss ADME. Las estructuras 18 y 22 presentaron los mejores resultados en el radar de biodisponibilidad, ambas presentan una alta absorción gastrointestinal, cumplen con las reglas de Lipinski y sus valores están dentro de los parámetros establecidos, considerándose así estas moléculas con gran potencial como inhibidores del Virus del Èbola.
Productividad académica de los grupos de investigación de la Universidad de Córdoba en las tres últimas convocatorias de Colciencias
Authors: Buelvas P. Luis M. , Hoyos V. Jhon J. , Robles G. Juana R. 
Published: August 2022

Resumen
Con este trabajo se busca comparar la productividad académica de los grupos de investigación en la Universidad de Córdoba registrados en las convocatorias de Colciencias 781 ventana del 2012 – 2016, la 833 observada del 2014 – 2018 y la 894 mirada del 2016 al 2020; y determinar si existen diferencias significativas entre la producción bibliográfica, la producción técnica y tecnológica, la apropiación social del conocimiento y las actividades de formación y de evaluación. Se tomaron 37 grupos de investigación para las tres convocatorias mencionadas y se aplicó estadística descriptiva junto con la prueba de Friedman y la prueba de Bonferroni, la primera para identificar existe diferencia significativa entre las variables de las tres convocatorias en conjunto y la segunda para determinar estas difieren o no por pares, encontrándose como resultados diferencias significativas entre algunos indicadores de las variables observadas a excepción de la producción técnica y tecnológica. Finalmente se concluye que existe una tendencia por dar más prioridad a la producción bibliográfica; así mismo se registra diferencia significativa entre las tres convocatorias mostrando un aumento de productividad académica en la 833 con respecto a la 781 y una ligera disminución en la 894.
Estudio fisicoquímico del aceite extraído de la semilla del árbol de caucho
Authors: Espitia A Amelia A. , Lafont M Jennifer J. , Ángel G. Tania M. 
Published: August 2022

Resumen
El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar el análisis fisicoquímico al aceite de semillas del árbol de caucho y su composición química a través de métodos cromatográficos y químicos; para ello se recolectaron las semillas de caucho, fueron descascaradas, molidas, secadas y almacenadas al vacío, estableciéndose en la materia prima a la que se les extrajo aceite por los métodos de prensado y solvente, se determinaron propiedades fisicoquímicas de humedad, corrosión en lámina de cobre, índices de acidez, peróxido y yodo; también se identificó la composición química del aceite a través de cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas. Se encontró mayor porcentaje de aceite por el método de extracción con solvente respecto al prensado; las propiedades fisicoquímicas evidenciaron aceites con poca humedad, bajos nivel de acidez, corrosión y mayor estabilidad a la oxidación; también presentó altos porcentajes de ácidos grasos insaturados, resaltando el linoléico (ꞷ-6). Se concluye que el aceite de la semilla de árbol de caucho tiene grandes potencialidades para su uso industrial; siendo atractivos para la industria farmacéutica y producción de biodiesel, de tintas, barnices, pinturas, aerosoles, adhesivos, principalmente.
Agreement Between Clinically Measured Weight and Self-reported Weight Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Through an mHealth Lifestyle Coaching Program in Denmark: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Imeraj Albi , Olesen Thomas Bastholm , Laursen Ditte Hjorth , Søndergaard Jens , Brandt Carl Joakim 
Published: August 2022

Background
Digital health interventions are increasingly used to handle and promote positive health behaviors. Clinical measures are often used, and a certain precision is essential for digital health interventions to have an effect. Only few studies have compared clinically measured weights with self-reported weights. No study has examined the validity of self-reported weight from a mobile app used in a tailored weight loss intervention.

Objective
The aim of this study was to analyze the agreement between clinically measured weight and self-reported weight collected from a mobile health lifestyle coaching program during a 12-month weight loss intervention for obese patients with and without type 2 diabetes. The secondary aim was to investigate the determinants for possible discrepancies between clinically measured and self-reported weights of these patients with different demographic and lifestyle characteristics and achievements of weight loss goals.

Methods
Weight registrations were collected from participants (N=104) in a Danish randomized controlled trial examining the effect of a digital lifestyle intervention on weight loss among obese patients with and without type 2 diabetes. Data were collected at baseline and after 6 and 12 months. Self-reported weight was measured at home and registered in the app.

Results
Self-reported body weight was lower than the weight measured in the clinic after 6 months by 1.03 kg (95% CI 1.01-1.05; P<.001) and after 12 months also by 1.03 kg (95% CI 0.99-1.04; P<.001). After 6 months, baseline weight and BMI were associated with a discrepancy of 0.03 kg (95% CI 0.01-0.04; P=.01) and 0.09 kg (95% CI 0.02-0.17; P=.02) per increment of 1 kg and 1 kg/m2, respectively, between clinically measured weight and self-reported weight. Weight change during the first 6 months was also associated with a difference of 0.1 kg (95% CI 0.04-0.01; P<.001) per kilogram of difference in weight between clinically measured weight and self-reported weight. Participants who did not achieve the 5% weight loss goal underestimated their weight by 0.79 kg (95% CI 0.34-1.23) at 6 months. After 12 months, only baseline weight was associated with a discrepancy of 0.03 kg (95% CI 0.01-0.05; P=.02) per increment of kilogram between clinically measured weight and self-reported weight. None of the other factors showed any significant discrepancy after 12 months.

Conclusions
Self-reported weight obtained from mobile health is a valid method for collecting anthropometric measurements.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03788915; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03788915
Fenomena konformitas kelompok biseksual pada mahasiswa
Authors: Ihsan Alheysha Azalia , Dewi Eva Meizara Puspita , Faradillah Faradillah 
Published: August 2022

Every social group has norms to influence its fellow members. One of the influences that occur in a social group is conformity. However, conformity can have a negative impact on a group, especially the intervention of sexual orientation deviation. This study uses a case study approach to determine the conformity process that occurs in a bisexual group. The respondents of this study were eight active student respondents at universities in Makassar City, including four students with bisexual status and each significant other. Respondents were collected by using snowball sampling method. Data analysis was carried out by coding data in the form of thematic analysis in describing the data obtained. Verification of this research data using data triangulation techniques. The results showed that the conformity process that occurs in organizations and communities can be influenced by the influence of group size and attraction that changes beliefs by dominant bisexual groups to non-bisexual groups. The implication of this research refers to students being more selective and applying awareness when joining social groups so as not to fall into the LGBT network, especially bisexuals.

Keywords
bisexual, conformity, students.
Kebijaksanaan (wisdom) dan fanatisme pada penggemar K-Pop
Authors: Hayati Salsabela Diema Yorenagea , Prabowo Adhyatman , Hijrianti Udi Rosida 
Published: August 2022

Korean Pop (K-Pop) popularity and huge number of fans have spread globally, including Indonesia. Being a loyal fan providing support for idols is one of the mandatory things for K-Pop fans. Any form of fan activity to support idols excessively can lead to fanaticism. This study aims to examine the correlation between wisdom and fanaticism in K-Pop fans. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique. The research subjects were a total of 389 subjects, with at least 1 year of experience as fans and were in the range of age 18 - 21 years old. Data collection was delivered out online with google form using the fanaticism scale of K-Pop fans and the adaptation of the 3D-WS wisdom scale. Data analysis was carried out using the Pearson product moment Correlation method which showed there was no correlation between wisdom and fanaticism in K-Pop fans (r= -0.080; p > 0.05).

Keywords: Fanaticism, K-Pop fans, wisdom
Condição e práticas de saúde bucal do deficiente visual
Authors: Alberti  Bonadiman Eduarda , Totola Knupp Lorenzo Aparecido , Rossi Sarlo Mariana , Furlan Furtado Gabriela 
Published: August 2022

A deficiência visual é uma limitação sensorial com alteração da capacidade funcional da visão. O Deficiente Visual (DV) pode ser mais suscetível ao desenvolvimento de doenças bucais devido à limitação na identificação visual de sinais iniciais e na capacidade de remoção da placa. O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever as condições de saúde bucal, bem como a abordagem mais adequada de educação em saúde. O estudo foi conduzido por meio de busca nos bancos de dados eletrônicos Scielo, Bireme e Pubmed, e sites de busca na internet, com artigos publicados em inglês e português entre os anos de 2008 a 2019. O DV apresenta dificuldade em alcançar uma higiene bucal adequada devido à impossibilidade da detecção precoce das doenças bucais. Métodos tradicionais de ensino de higiene oral não são eficientes para o DV, sendo que as instruções verbais, texto em braille, demonstração tátil, material lúdico-pedagógico e palestras com orientações podem ser uma maneira eficaz de fornecer educação em saúde bucal. O DV possui maior acúmulo de biofilme dental, pior índice em higiene oral, doença periodontal, cárie e traumatismo. O Cirurgião-Dentista (CD) deve adotar um foco na prevenção e implantação de estratégias diferenciadas na abordagem e comunicação com esse público.
Theoretical value for the strong coupling constant
Authors: Pellis Stergios 
Published: August 2022

In this paper we will study the strong coupling constant. The
recommended theoretical value for the strong coupling constant is
αs=Euler’s number/Gelfond’s constant. It will turn out that this value
is the key that solves many problems of Physics. We will find a lot of
formulas for the strong coupling constant. All these equations prove
that the value of the strong coupling constant depends on the energy
scale. First we will find the beautiful unity formulas that connect the
strong coupling constant and the fine-structure constant. These
equations are the simple unification of the strong nuclear and the
electromagnetic interactions. It will be presented the mathematical
formulas that connect the dimensionless physical constants with the
strong coupling constant. From these equations we reached the formula of
the unification of the strong nuclear,the electromagnetic and the
gravitational interactions. Also we will find the formula for the
Gravitational constant. Finally we will be presented the formula for the
cosmological constant. This unity formula is a simple analogy between
atomic physics and cosmology. All these equations are simple,elegant
and symmetrical in a great physical meaning.
Imam Mahdi And Jesus Christ Role In Establishing The Divine Government
Authors: khanghah Reza 
Published: August 2022

Purpose: This article covers the events and incidents predicted before and after the appearance of Imam Mahdi and Jesus Christ. This article seeks to address the facts and inform you about the system of government of Imam Mahdi and Jesus Christ. Also, miracles and the titles of Imam Mahdi are other topics that were mentioned in this article. Also, this research was conducted to answer and clarify three questions that stated in the Introduction section.
Methods: We performed our methods in 4 stages: Identifying studies, Selection of Studies, Collating Studies, Reporting results.
Results: Imam Mahdi's world government follows the pattern of the Prophet's method of rule in early Islam. Jesus Christ has a special status in the Quranic literature and in the hadith, and plays a special role in establishing the divine government with Imam Mahdi. Imam Mahdi's system of government is unlike any government the world has ever known.
Conclusion: Among the issues that exist in the apocalypse, we are faced with an issue called Imam Mahdi. In fact, Imam Mahdi is the savior of Muslims and all people with Jesus Christ. Imam Mahdi will form a just government in the world like his ancestors. We hope this article will take an important step in acquainting people with Imam Mahdi and Jesus Christ and paving the ground for their reappearance.
Empirical analysis of the economic absolute income hypothesis based on mathematical statistics
Authors: Wei Haolong , Lutfi Bishr 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Absolute income hypothesis, as one of the most critical contents in the employment theory proposed by Keynes, is a hypothesis proposed according to the consumption level and specific changes of consumers. In mathematics to study the core of sustainable development economics, the research of scholars on the relationship between economics and mathematical tools put forward more questions, most of the research results are based on inspection absolute income hypothesis as the core, in the present theoretical basis of economics at the same time, the use of statistics to provide practical research of the required information, select effective study method combined with mathematics. In this article, therefore, to understand the traditional research methods of mathematical statistics, on the basis of absolute income hypothesis proved for the empirical analysis, and the final result proves that the mathematical tools, has a close relationship between knowledge economics, statistics, three can analysis in the organic fusion of modern economic life, the number of specific problems existing in the practice of social and economic development, Therefore, it belongs to the main direction of economic theory exploration.
الضمان ومبدأ الحيطة والحذر كأساس للمسؤولية المدنية الناشئة عن الحريق
Authors: Saeed Faizi Fawaz 
Published: August 2022

لاشك الحريق في الوقت الحاضر من الأخطار الشائعة التي تصيب الأشخاص والأموال، ويكاد لا يمر يوم الا ونسمع بحريق اندلع في غابة أو ارض زراعية أو في فندق أو مطعم أو سيارة، حيث أدى تطور الحياة الأقتصادية وتشعبها وظهور الألة في الصناعات ذات التكنلوجيا الكبيرة والحديثة ، ونمو حجم التجارة وتبادلها ، وتطور وسائل النقل في هذا العصر ، وظهور الشركات والمصانع والمصالح الضخمة ذات القيمة المالية الكبيرة الى ازدياد تخوف اصحابها من خطر الحريق الذي قد يصيب ممتلكاتهم ويلحق بها عند تحققه خسائر مالية ضخمة لا تصيب الشخص صاحب المصلحة وحده وانما تؤثر على الأقتصاد القومي للدولة احيانا ، لذلك سعى الأنسان الى محاولة البحث عن طرق فعالة للمحافظة على مصلحته وتعويضه عن الخسائر والاضرار التي تلحق به عند نشوب الحريق في ممتلكاته، وقد ترعرعت فكرة المسؤولية المدنية منذ زمن بعيد وكانت هي الحل الأمثل الذي يتم اللجوء اليه لمواجهة الاخطار التي تصيب الأنسان ، ولكن لم تكن هذه الحل المناسب لمواجهة خطر الحريق، وذلك لأن المشرع العراقي لم يقم بمعالجة الأخطار الناتجة عن الحريق بنص خاص، ولكن أكتفى بالقواعد العامة والمتمثلة بالخطأ والضرر والعلاقة السببية، بكونها الحل الذي يتم اللجوء اليه في حالات الحريق، بيد أن هذه القاعدة لا تحقق الحماية المطلوبة من اخطار الحريق في جميع الحالات، الأمر الذي دفعنا للبحث عن أسس اخرى للمسؤولية المدنية الناشئة عن الحريق لعلها تكون الحل المناسب لمواجهة هذه الاخطار واعطاء كل ذي حق حقه . كما أن هناك الكثير من التطبيقات العملية للحريق حيث تكثر حالات أندلاع الحريق سواء في الاماكن العامة او الخاصة وكذلك في الاراضي الزراعية والغابات والفنادق والمطاعم وغيرها من الاماكن كما يمكن ان تحدث في السيارات ووسائل النقل الاخرى، فوجب تحديد الشخص المسؤول عن هذه الحرائق. وبناءً على ما تقدم فأننا سنسعى من خلال هذه الدراسة الى البحث عن اساس المسؤولية المدنية الناشئة عن الحريق بشكل خاص محاولين دراسة كل ما يتعلق بهذا الموضوع من أحكام، سواء تلك التي وردت في القوانين الخاصة أو القواعد العامة في القانون المدني.