bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of β-1,3/1,6-glucan on gut microbiota of yellow-feathered broilers
Authors: Wang Jingge , Zheng Zibin , Yang Hua , Chen Jie , Xiao Yingping , Ji Xiaofeng , Zhang Zhenming , He Hailian , Ding Baoan , Tang Biao 
Published: September 2022

Abstractβ-1,3/1,6-glucan as a prebiotic improves immune performance in animals. These functions are closely related to the effect of β-1,3/1,6-glucan on gut microbiota structure. However, the effect of β-1,3/1,6-glucan on the gut microbiota structure of broilers is unclear. The aim of this study was to confirm the effects of β-1,3/1,6-glucan on the cecal microflora structure of yellow-feathered broilers. This study monitored the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) level of Escherichia coli in feces of yellow-feathered broilers by standard broth dilution method and mastered the AMR level of chickens selected. The effects of β-1,3/1,6-glucan on gut microbiota were investigated by 16S rRNA sequencing. The results showed that the number of isolated multidrug-resistant E. coli strains accounted for 98.41%. At 14, 21, and 28 days of age, supplemented of 0.2%, 0.1%, and 0.1% β-1,3/1,6-glucan in yellow-feathered broiler diets significantly altered gut microbial composition, and beneficial bacteria Alistipes, Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium were significantly increased. These findings provide guidance and recommendations for β-1,3/1,6-glucan as a broiler feed additive to improve the growth of broilers.
Stress-constrained topology optimization using approximate reanalysis with on-the-fly reduced order modeling
Authors: Xiao Manyu , Ma Jun , Lu Dongcheng , Raghavan Balaji , Zhang Weihong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMost of the methods used today for handling local stress constraints in topology optimization, fail to directly address the non-self-adjointness of the stress-constrained topology optimization problem. This in turn could drastically raise the computational cost for an already large-scale problem. These problems involve both the equilibrium equations resulting from finite element analysis (FEA) in each iteration, as well as the adjoint equations from the sensitivity analysis of the stress constraints. In this work, we present a paradigm for large-scale stress-constrained topology optimization problems, where we build a multi-grid approach using an on-the-fly Reduced Order Model (ROM) and the p-norm aggregation function, in which the discrete reduced-order basis functions (modes) are adaptively constructed for adjoint problems. In addition to reducing the computational savings due to the ROM, we also address the computational cost of the ROM learning and updating phases. Both reduced-order bases are enriched according to the residual threshold of the corresponding linear systems, and the grid resolution is adaptively selected based on the relative error in approximating the objective function and constraint values during the iteration. The tests on 2D and 3D benchmark problems demonstrate improved performance with acceptable objective and constraint violation errors. Finally, we thoroughly investigate the influence of relevant stress constraint parameters such as the p norm factor, stress penalty factor, and the allowable stress value.
Induction of cellulase production by Sr2+ in Trichoderma reesei via calcium signaling transduction
Authors: Li Ni , Zeng Yi , Chen Yumeng , Shen Yaling , Wang Wei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTrichoderma reesei RUT-C30 is a well-known high-yielding cellulase-producing fungal strain that converts lignocellulose into cellulosic sugar for resource regeneration. Calcium is a ubiquitous secondary messenger that regulates growth and cellulase production in T. reesei. We serendipitously found that adding Sr2+ to the medium significantly increased cellulase activity in the T. reesei RUT-C30 strain and upregulated the expression of cellulase-related genes. Further studies showed that Sr2+ supplementation increased the cytosolic calcium concentration and activated the calcium-responsive signal transduction pathway of Ca2+–calcineurin-responsive zinc finger transcription factor 1 (CRZ1). Using the plasma membrane Ca2+ channel blocker, LaCl3, we demonstrated that Sr2+ induces cellulase production via the calcium signaling pathway. Supplementation with the corresponding concentrations of Sr2+ also inhibited colony growth. Sr2+ supplementation led to an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and upregulated the transcriptional levels of intracellular superoxide dismutase (sod1) and catalase (cat1). We further demonstrated that ROS content was detrimental to cellulase production, which was alleviated by the ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). This study demonstrated for the first time that Sr2+ supplementation stimulates cellulase production and upregulates cellulase genes via the calcium signaling transduction pathway. Sr2+ leads to an increase in intracellular ROS, which is detrimental to cellulase production and can be alleviated by the ROS scavenger NAC. Our results provide insights into the mechanistic study of cellulase synthesis and the discovery of novel inducers of cellulase.
Graphical Abstract
Quintuply-fortified salt for the improvement of micronutrient status among women of reproductive age and preschool-aged children in Punjab, India: protocol for a randomized, controlled, community-based trial
Authors: McDonald Christine M. , Brown Kenneth H. , Goh Yvonne E. , Manger Mari S. , Arnold Charles D. , Krebs Nancy F. , Westcott Jamie , Long Julie M. , Gibson Rosalind S. , Jamwal Manu , Singh Bidhi L. , Dahiya Neha , Budhija Deepmala , Das Reena , Duggal Mona 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundMultiple micronutrient (MN) deficiencies remain highly prevalent among women of reproductive age (WRA) and preschool-aged children (PSC) in many areas within India. Salt is an attractive vehicle for MN fortification in this context, as it is universally consumed in fairly consistent amounts and coverage of iodized salt (IS) is 94%. The overall objective of this trial is to evaluate the nutritional impact of quintuply-fortified salt with iron in the form of encapsulated ferrous fumarate, zinc, vitamin B12, folic acid, and iodine (eFF-Q5S) vs. quintuply-fortified salt with iron in the form of ferric pyrophosphate plus EDTA, zinc, vitamin B12, folic acid, and iodine (FePP-Q5S) vs. IS for the improvement of MN status among non-pregnant WRA and PSC.MethodsThe study is a community-based, randomized, controlled trial that will be conducted in Punjab, India. 780 non-pregnant WRA 18–49 years old and 468 PSC 12–59 months old will be enrolled and assigned to one of three intervention groups. Salt will be provided to participants monthly for 12 months. Primary outcomes include changes in mean concentration of biomarkers of iron, zinc, vitamin B12, folate and iodine. Secondary outcomes include changes in the composition of the gut microbiome, and discretionary salt intake of PSC.DiscussionIf proven efficacious, multiply-fortified salt (MFS) has the potential to drastically reduce the burden of MN deficiencies in India, and around the world. Although effectiveness research will be needed to examine the impact of MFS under programmatic conditions, salt fortification will piggy-back on existing platforms to produce IS and doubly-fortified salt (DFS), making it possible to scale-up the intervention quickly.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov: NCT05166980; date of registration: December 22, 2021. Clinical Trials Registry-India: CTRI/2022/040332 and CTRI/2022/02/040333; date of registration: February 15, 2022.
Dysmenorrhea and depressive symptoms among female university students: a descriptive study from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alateeq Deemah , Binsuwaidan Lolwah , Alazwari Leenah , Algarni Maram , Al Hussain Maryam , Alzahrani Raghad , Aljohani Reema 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundDysmenorrhea has significantly increased in prevalence. There is also evidence of the coexistence of dysmenorrhea and psychological disorders. This study aims to explore the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and investigate its correlation with depressive symptoms among Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU) students. All participants (N = 487) in this cross-sectional study provided sociodemographic data, menstrual and medical history, and completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scale and (working ability, location, intensity, days of pain, dysmenorrhea [WaLIDD]) scale on a self-administered online questionnaire.ResultsThe mean age of the females was 20.64 ± 2.38 years, and 40.7% were from health colleges. Severe dysmenorrhea requiring medical attention and pain killers or herbs was reported by 30.8% of the students. Significant predictors of severe dysmenorrhea were: younger age, earlier menarche, pain killers and herbs used for menstrual pain, a doctor visit for menstrual pain, and depression. In addition, significant protective factors of depression were: later menarche age, having a regular menstrual cycle, and longer duration.ConclusionsStudents with severe dysmenorrhea have a higher risk of depression than other students. The findings stress the importance of awareness, education, a multidisciplinary approach to women's health, and early detection to prevent future complications.
The role of antibiotic calcium sulfate beads in acute periprosthetic knee infection: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Piovan Gianluca , Farinelli Luca , Screpis Daniele , Marocco Stefania , Motta Leonardo , Palazzolo Giuseppe , Natali Simone , Zorzi Claudio 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The study aimed to compare debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) vs. debridement antibiotic bead and retention of the implant (DABRI) in terms of infection-free success rate and treatment cost for acute periprosthetic joint infections after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Method
Between 2017 and 2020, 32 patients with acute periprosthetic joint infection who were treated by total knee arthroplasty were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into a DAIR group (n=15) and a DABRI group (n=17). During the DABRI, additional calcium ulphate antibiotic beads were used. Patient age, the Musculoskeletal Infection Society score, microorganisms involved, and success rate were assessed.

Results
The mean age of DAIR group (n=15) was 69 years, with 7 being male, and 8 female. The mean follow-up period lasted 30 months. The success rate was 80% (12/15). The mean age of DABRI group (n=17) was 64 years, with 10 patients being male and 7 female. The mean follow-up period was 16 months. The success rate was 88% (15/17). There were no significant differences in patient age (P>0.05), the Musculoskeletal Infection Society score (P>0.05), and success rate (P>0.05). A significant difference was found in the follow-up period between the two groups (P<0.05).

Conclusion
Both DAIR and DABRI could be used to treat acute periprosthetic joint infections and the outcomes and treatment costs of the two procedures were comparable. Additional use of calcium sulfate beads was safe, but might not improve the treatment result. Randomized controlled studies are warranted for the routine use.
Vitamin D levels and menopause-related symptoms in postmenopausal women
Authors: Hakim Noaman H. , Mohamed Mariam L. , El-Biely Magda M. , Taha Omima T. , Hassan Ahmed 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Menopause is an important period in women’s life. It is characterized by many symptoms that affect women’s quality of life. This study aimed to the evaluation of the relation between vitamin D levels and menopause-related symptoms.

Results
Vitamin D insufficiency was noted in 52.4% of the studied population. There was no statistically significant difference in any of the menopausal rating scale dimensions, psychological symptoms (p = 0.16), somato-vegetative symptoms (p = 0.45), or urogenital symptoms (p = 0.59), between vitamin D sufficient and insufficient groups. The severity of the menopausal symptoms was affected by the presence of medical illness (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Vitamin D deficiency is an alarming issue among postmenopausal women. It was not associated with menopause-related symptoms.
Evolutionary urban resilience as an incremental approach to sustainability: a multifunctional pluvial flood and wastewater risk reduction framework
Authors: Elsharqawy Hafsa Refaey , Elbarmelgy Mohamed Mohamed , Elmalt Ahmed Esam 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAfter the increasing climate change and fast urbanization adverse effects on pluvial floods, in addition to the freshwater resources’ shortage risk, transversal urban solutions need to be tackled. This paper focuses on how the evolutionary urban resilience practices (along with the nature-based solutions and climate change adaptation) work as an integrated approach to enhance multifunctionality levels of sustainable urban planning and design. This integration eventually leads to more pluvial flood-resilient cities and more sustainable urban water resources simultaneously. After thoroughly analyzing related literature and best practices using descriptional, comparative, and statistical approaches, a proposed risk reduction framework that facilitates the resilience operationalizing process was formulated. The proposed framework introduces a design equation that measures the relationship between sustainability and urban resilience sectors. In addition to that, prioritized strategies for enhancing flood resilience and urban wastewater management within the Egyptian local scale were ranked for future applications.
Super-resolution imaging of Maxwell’s fish-eye lens based on surface polaritons
Authors: Chen Shuqi , Li Jue , Zhou Yangyang , Hao Zhanlei , Duan Qilin , Chen Huanyang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Super-resolution imaging plays a crucial role in the fields of nanolithography, high volume transmission and sensing. Relentless efforts have been made to realize super-resolution imaging in the past decades. In this work, inspired by the mechanism of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), we find that Maxwell’s fish-eye lens (MFEL) coated with cylindrical layer of negative permeability can achieve super-resolution imaging. The amplification of evanescent waves in the negative permeability layer facilitates the transmittance of high spatial frequency information from object point to imaging point in the form of magnetic surface polaritons (MSPs). Both analytical calculations and numerical simulations are employed to prove the super-resolution imaging performance of MSPs-assisted MFEL. Our results may pave a new way for super-resolution imaging in metallic systems.
Suction feeding of West African lungfish (Protopterus annectens): An XROMM analysis of jaw mechanics, cranial kinesis, and hyoid mobility
Authors: Gartner Samantha M. , Whitlow Katrina R. , Laurence-Chasen J. D. , Kaczmarek Elska B. , Granatosky Michael C. , Ross Callum F. , Westneat Mark W. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Suction feeding in fishes is characterized by rapid cranial movements, but extant lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi) exhibit a reduced number and mobility of cranial bones relative to actinopterygian fishes. Despite fusion of cranial elements, lungfishes are proficient at suction feeding, though the impacts of novel cranial morphology and reduced cranial kinesis on feeding remain poorly understood. We used X-ray reconstruction of moving morphology (XROMM) to study the kinematics of seven mobile elements (neurocranium, upper jaw, lower jaw, tongue, ceratohyal, clavicle, and cranial rib) and two muscles (costoclavicular portion of the hypaxialis and rectus cervicis) during the feeding strikes of West African lungfish (Protopterus annectens). We found that feeding by P. annectens on non-evasive prey is relatively slow, with a mean time to peak gape of 273 ms. Lower jaw depression and clavicular rotation were hinge-like, with one degree of freedom, but the ceratohyals rotated in a complex motion involving depression and long-axis rotation. We quantified the relative contributions to oral cavity volume change (RCVC) and found that oral cavity expansion is created primarily by ceratohyal and clavicle motion. P. annectens suction feeds relatively slowly but successfully through muscle shortening of hypaxial and rectus cervicis muscles contributing to hyoid mobility.
Smartphone applications are used for self-management, telerehabilitation, evaluation and data collection in low back pain healthcare: a scoping review
Authors: Dobija Lech , Lechauve Jean-Baptiste , Mbony-Irankunda Didier , Plan-Paquet Anne , Dupeyron Arnaud , Coudeyre Emmanuel 
Published: September 2022

Background: Technological developments have accelerated notably in the field of telecommunications in the last few decades. Smartphone use has grown in providing healthcare for patients with low back pain (LBP), but the literature lacks an analysis of the use of smartphone apps. This scoping review aimed to identify current areas of smartphone apps use for managing LBP. We also aimed to evaluate the current status of the effectiveness or scientific validity of such use and determine perspectives for their potential development. Methods: We searched PubMed, PEDro and Embase for articles published in English up to May 3rd, 2021 that investigated smartphone use for LBP healthcare and their purpose. All types of study design were accepted. Studies concerning telemedicine or telerehabilitation but without use of a smartphone were not included. The same search strategy was performed by two researchers independently and a third researcher validated the synthesis of the included studies. Results: We included 43 articles: randomised controlled trials (RCTs) (n=12), study protocols (n=6), reliability/validity studies (n=6), systematic reviews (n=7), cohort studies (n=4), qualitative studies (n=6), and case series (n=1). The purposes of the smartphone app were for 1) evaluation, 2) telerehabilitation, 3) self-management, and 4) data collection. Self-management was the most-studied use, showing promising results derived from moderate- to good-quality RCTs for patients with chronic LBP and patients after spinal surgery. Promising results exist regarding evaluation and data collection use and contradictory results regarding measurement use. Conclusions: This scoping review revealed a growing scientific literature regarding the use of smartphone apps for LBP patients. The identified purposes point to current scientific status and perspectives for further studies including RCTs and systematic reviews targeting specific usage. Caution should be taken to monitor the impact of smartphone-related compulsive behaviour.
Impact of serum levels of vitamin D on lipid profiles, glycemic indices, and insulin resistance in obese type 2 diabetes patients: An observational study
Authors: Faris Raheem Mohanad , H. Ali Shatha , G. Shareef Laith 
Published: September 2022

Background: Diabetes patients have a higher chance of developing dyslipidemia and increased release of free fatty acids, which participate in developing insulin-resistant fat cells. On the other hand, vitamin D insufficiency is linked to the evolution of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study examines the impact of vitamin D serum levels on lipid profiles and insulin resistance concerning glycemic indices in obese T2DM patients. Methods: During the data collecting stage, 47 diabetes patients were chosen from the out-patient clinic. The control individuals were selected from the general population and were equivalent to the matching patients, with a total of 43 healthy participants. After an overnight fast, a venous blood sample was collected from each individual to test insulin and vitamin D3 levels using particular ELISA kits. In addition, by colorimetric test, serum was used to estimate total cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Aside from that, fasting serum glucose levels were measured (FSG). Results: Fasting serum glucose (FSG), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol, and triglycerides, all of these values were significantly elevated in people with diabetes as compared to controls (p-value <0.05) when the serum level of vitamin D was markedly low. In contrast, insulin and high-density lipoprotein values had decreased significantly in the diabetic population compared to controls (p-value <0.05) and were not correlated to vitamin D levels. Conclusions: Diabetes patients had higher FSG, HOMA-IR, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios (TC: HDL-C), triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios (TG: HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios (LDL-C: HDL). In obese diabetic individuals, vitamin D levels had a significant impact on total cholesterol, LDL-C, and the TC:HDL-C ratio.
Automatic Vehicle Fueling System using PLC Controlled Robotic Arm
Authors: Venugopal Chitra , Thangavel Bhuvaneswari 
Published: September 2022

The objective of this research is to design and develop a robotic arm for an automatic fuelling system using a PLC LogixPro simulation. The system includes the “FASS” concept, which is Fast, Accurate, Safe and Simple, to allow car users to have an efficient fuel filling system. The design concept consists of three processes – identification of the vehicle, payment, and filling with the fuel. The first process identifies the presence of the car by the in-floor weight sensors. The weight sensor identifies the car, locks it in position, and activates the payment system. The second process activates the payment system. After payment is completed, the fuel cap will be opened to enable the system to start filling the fuel. If the payment doesn’t go through the car will be released, manual operation will be initialized, and the entire system will be reset. A timer is included in the payment section to process the payment. In the third process, the filling arm is extended to the car, the fuel cap is opened, the fuel pump is inserted into the tank, and fuel is directed into the tank. Once the tank is full, filling is stopped, the pump is ejected, the fuel cap is closed, and the arm returned back to its position. Thus, an automatic vehicle fuelling system is created to overcome the problems of poor safety and longer waiting time during peak hours. The fuel cap is activated and deactivated by pressure and the sensor filler is stopped by a level sensor. The pump insert is activated and deactivated by a photosensor.
Intranasal administration of abatacept enhances IL-35+ and IL-10+ producing Bregs in lung tissues of ovalbumin-sensitized asthmatic mice model
Authors: Alenazy Maha Fahad , Sharif-Askari Fatemeh Saheb , El-Wetidy Mohammed S. , Sharif-Askari Narjes Saheb , Hachim Ibrahim Yaseen , Temsah Mohammad-Hani , Saddik Basema , Al-Kufaidy Roua , Omair Maha A. , Alshawakir Yasser A. , Fathaddin Amany Adulgadel , Hannawi Suad , Hamid Qutayba , Omair Mohammed A. , Al-Muhsen Saleh , Halwani Rabih 
Published: September 2022

Backgrounds
Treating asthmatic rheumatoid arthritis patients with abatacept has been shown to associate with better control of asthma symptoms. However, the mechanism behind that is not investigated.

Methods
Ovalbumin (OVA)- sensitized BALB/c female mice were treated intranasally (IN) or intraperitoneally (IP) with abatacept 4 hrs before the OVA challenge. The effects of abatacept IN or IP on the lungs and blood levels of Tregs and Bregs and their production of immunosuppressive cytokines, were determined using FACS analysis and ELISA assay.

Results
Treating OVA- sensitized asthmatic mice model with abatacept, IN or IP, reduced lung inflammation. IN treatment with abatacept increased the frequency of IL-35 and IL-10 producing Bregs in the lung tissues to a higher level compared to IP treatment. Moreover, the frequency of lungs LAG3+ Tregs was significantly increased following treatment. This was also associated with a reduction in lung tissue and serum IL-17 levels of treated mice.

Conclusions
These results suggest that abatacept by enhancing IL-35+IL-10+ Bregs and LAG3+ Tregs might reverse IL-17 induced lung inflammation during asthma.