bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To Compete or Cooperate? A Case Study of Innovation and Creativity Labs in Berlin
Authors: Feser Daniel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInnovation intermediaries provide support during innovation processes and contribute to clients’ innovativeness. In a growing body of literature, innovation intermediaries are considered as knowledge brokers and boundary spanners in regional innovation systems. While previous studies have highlighted insights into intermediaries’ impact on clients, observations of their internal policies and working mechanisms remain scarce. Based on a case study of Berlin-based innovation and creativity labs, this paper sheds light on the innovation strategies chosen by intermediaries. I find that a distinct dualism of cooperation and competition shapes the innovation strategies of innovation intermediaries. The growing number of competitors and a lack of transparency shape the role of regional policy that offers information and market coordination. I present policy recommendations based on the results.
Mutual effect of homocysteine and uric acid on arterial stiffness and cardiovascular risk in the context of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine
Authors: Wu Zhiyuan , Zhang Haiping , Li Zhiwei , Li Haibin , Miao Xinlei , Pan Huiying , Wang Jinqi , Liu Xiangtong , Kang Xiaoping , Li Xia , Tao Lixin , Guo Xiuhua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundArterial stiffness is a major risk factor and effective predictor of cardiovascular diseases and a common pathway of pathological vascular impairments. Homocysteine (Hcy) and uric acid (UA) own the shared metabolic pathways to affect vascular function. Serum uric acid (UA) has a great impact on arterial stiffness and cardiovascular risk, while the mutual effect with Hcy remains unknown yet. This study aimed to evaluate the mutual effect of serum Hcy and UA on arterial stiffness and 10-year cardiovascular risk in the general population. From the perspective of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM/3PM), we assumed that combined assessment of Hcy and UA provides a better tool for targeted prevention and personalized intervention of cardiovascular diseases via suppressing arterial stiffness.MethodsThis study consisted of 17,697 participants from Beijing Health Management Cohort, who underwent health examination between January 2012 and December 2019. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was used as an index of arterial stiffness.ResultsIndividuals with both high Hcy and UA had the highest baPWV, compared with those with low Hcy and low UA (β: 30.76, 95% CI: 18.36–43.16 in males;β: 53.53, 95% CI: 38.46–68.60 in females). In addition, these individuals owned the highest 10-year cardiovascular risk (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.26–1.76 in males; OR: 7.61, 95% CI: 4.63–12.68 in females). Of note, males with high homocysteine and low uric acid were significantly associated with increased cardiovascular risk (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.15–1.47), but not the high uric acid and low homocysteine group (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.90–1.16).ConclusionsThis study found the significantly mutual effect of Hcy and UA on arterial stiffness and cardiovascular risk using a large population and suggested the clinical importance of combined evaluation and control of Hcy and UA for promoting cardiovascular health. The adverse effect of homocysteine on arteriosclerosis should be addressed beyond uric acid, especially for males. Monitoring of the level of both Hcy and UA provides a window opportunity for PPPM/3PM in the progression of arterial stiffness and prevention of CVD. Hcy provides a novel predictor beyond UA of cardiovascular health to identify individuals at high risk of arterial stiffness for the primary prevention and early treatment of CVD. In the progressive stage of arterial stiffness, active control of Hcy and UA levels from the aspects of dietary behavior and medication treatment is conducive to alleviating the level of arterial stiffness and reducing the risk of CVD. Further studies are needed to evaluate the clinical effect of Hcy and UA targeted intervention on arterial stiffness and cardiovascular health.
Existence and uniqueness for the inhomogeneous 1-Laplace evolution equation revisited
Authors: Latorre Marta , Segura de León Sergio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper we deal with an inhomogeneous parabolic Dirichlet problem involving the 1-Laplacian operator. We show the existence of a unique solution when data belong to$$L^1(0,T;L^2(\Omega ))$$L1(0,T;L2(Ω))for every$$T>0$$T>0. As a consequence, global existence and uniqueness for data in$$L^1_{loc}(0,+\infty ;L^2(\Omega ))$$Lloc1(0,+∞;L2(Ω))is obtained. Our analysis retrieves previous results in a correct and complete way.
Impact of Online Group Psychoeducation and Support Sessions on Receptivity Towards Digital Mental Health Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pilot Study
Authors: Sweet Cynthia M. Castro , Li Elizabeth J. , Sagui-Henson Sara , Chamberlain Camille E. Welcome , Altman Myra 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhile social distancing was crucial to slow the COVID-19 virus, it also contributed to social isolation and emotional strain. This pilot study evaluated the impact of stand-alone psychoeducational group sessions designed to build social connectedness and space for people to learn about mental health during the pandemic. The study examined if offering the stand-alone group sessions increased uptake of and receptivity to additional mental health services. People had access to free, online group psychoeducational sessions offered by a digital mental health platform company. Sessions were offered to (1) employees who had mental health benefits offered through their employer, and to (2) members of the general public. Session formats included discussions, didactic lectures, and workshops, were facilitated by a mental health provider, and used live video conference technology. Topics included race and identity, stress management, coping with political events, relationship issues, and self-compassion. First-time session registrations were tracked from June 2020 to July 2021 on 6723 participants (3717 benefits-eligible employees and 3006 from the general public). Among the employee subsample, 49.5% attended a group session as their first use of any available service on the platform; 52.5% of these employees sought additional services after their first session. In anonymous post-session surveys of employees and members of the general public, 86% of respondents endorsed knowledge increases, 79.5% reported improved understanding of their mental health, 80.3% endorsed gaining actionable steps to improve mental health, 76.5% said that they would consider group sessions in addition to therapy, and 43.5% said that they would consider group sessions instead of therapy. These results suggest that scalable, brief group psychoeducational sessions are a useful conduit to mental health care and have potential to reach people who may not otherwise access available mental health services.
Vibration Extraction for Melting Plastic Hydraulic Injection System with Stick Slip Vibration Analysis
Authors: Shaker M. O. , Amer T. S. , Dahab H. A. , Bek M. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction
A hydraulic power injection machine is designed to use a driving screw to inject melted plastic into a specified mold. This machine can be found at an automotive spare parts factory. The cantilever-style heavy-duty screw injector is supported by one roller and secured at the end. An obvious need for vibration analysis on the roller support is essential. A mass spring damper model is proposed for deeply investigating the friction induced vibration mechanism for this injection system to well understand and analyze its vibration behavior.

Purpose
A mechanical mode of two degrees-of-freedom (DOF) is designed to improve research on the dynamic features of the Plastic Hydraulic Injection System (PHIS) mechanism.

Materials and methods
Experimental investigation and analysis of this mechanism are explored to obtain the instability speed and critical stick slip (SS) speed. The numerical imitation results of this work will help with the design and development of the PHIS mechanism.

Conclusion
The stability of the system and SS behavior are next examined by determining the critical variability speediness and critical SS speed. A simulation study is carried out to evaluate the effect of various parameters of the system on its stability and on the behavior of the SS motion.
Unpacking the Hidden Curricula in Educational Automation: A Methodology for Ethical Praxis
Authors: Gallagher Michael , Breines Markus 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe future of educational automation in higher education is commonly seen as an inevitable trajectory and beyond the control of individual institutions or communities. Much research has focused on how such technologies can remove agency and reproduce inequalities through encoded biases. Indeed, many conceptualisations of educational automation are problematic, but less is known about what can be done to take more control over them. By moving away from critique alone, this paper seeks to demystify educational automation and develop a methodology that enables both institutions and staff to take greater control over the technologies in their institutional work. This methodology emerges from multiple research projects exploring digital education, automation, and educational futures and brings together the findings from these to find ways to establish ethical praxis in future forms of educational automation. This methodology and its attendant ethical praxis posit that critique must be used in tandem with creativity and activism to fully realise new and just educational futures.
Engaging caregivers to use an evidence-based intervention for medicaid beneficiaries with Alzheimer’s disease: a pilot study
Authors: Spoelstra Sandra L. , Sikorskii Alla , Schueller Monica , Basso Viktoria , Baldwin Autumn 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis pilot study aimed to adapt an intervention, engaging informal caregivers to help clinicians with providing care to improve (or maintain) physical function of individuals with Alzheimer’s Disease or other dementias. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time, we report on use of the intervention in those with Alzheimer’s Disease or other dementias.MethodsThis was a 5-month mixed methods cohort study in a convenience sample of clinicians, caregivers, and beneficiaries at 3-Medicaid Home and Community-based Service sites in Michigan. Two content experts and 5 caregivers modified the intervention. We trained 116 clinicians to engage caregivers and 50 caregivers to help clinicians provide the modified intervention to 52 beneficiaries with Alzheimer’s Disease or other dementias. Thematic analyses, descriptive statistics, counts, proportion comparisons, t-tests, and McNemar’s tests were used to examine socio-demographics, clinician knowledge uptake and satisfaction with training and use of the intervention; caregiver self-efficacy, feasibility, acceptability, usability, and satisfaction with intervention and beneficiary outcomes (pre-/post).ResultsFeasibility (enrolled/recruited = 78.5–86.7%), acceptability (7.55–8.35 [SD 1.50–2.06]), and usability (7.85–8.81 [SD 1.50–2.6]) of the modified intervention (1 = low;10 = high) were high. Pre-/post-intervention clinician knowledge (12.33–12.28, SD 1.80–2.84; -0.52, SD 1.95) was high. Caregiver self-efficacy increased (0.81 [SD 0.62] p < 0.01). Beneficiary outcomes did not improve nor decline (> 0.05).ConclusionsEngaging informal caregivers to assist clinicians with providing an intervention adapted to the needs of those with Alzheimer’s Disease or other dementias was feasible, acceptable, and usable. Further testing in a broader sample of those with dementia in various settings is needed.
Limited impact of a nudge comment in promoting de-escalation to first-generation cephalosporins in urinary tract infections
Authors: Brenneman Martin T. , Moore Sarah E. , Song Matthew , Bohn Brian C. , Swingler Elena A. , Whitman Christopher W. , Junkins Alan D. , Wilde Ashley M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the impact of a microbiology nudge on de-escalation to first-generation cephalosporins in hospitalized patients with urinary tract infections secondary to Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ≤ 16 µg/mL. De-escalation to first generation-cephalosporins was uncommon at MICs = 4–16 µg/mL.
How Can Personal Protective Equipment Be Best Used and Reused: A Closer Look at Donning and Doffing Procedures
Authors: Hughes Ashley M. , Doos Devin , Ahmed Rami A. , Pham Trang N.D. , Barach Paul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to examine safety-related contamination threats and risks to health-care workers (HCWs) due to the reuse of personal protective equipment (PPE) among emergency department (ED) personnel.Methods:We used a Participatory Design (PD) approach to conduct task analysis (TA) of PPE use and reuse. TA identified the steps, risks, and protective behaviors involved in PPE reuse. We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidance for PPE donning and doffing specifying the recommended task order. Then, we convened subject matter experts (SMEs) with relevant backgrounds in Patient Safety, Human Factors and Emergency Medicine to iteratively identify and map the tasks, risks, and protective behaviors involved in the PPE use and reuse.Results:Two emerging threats were associated with behaviors in donning, doffing, and re-using PPE: (i) direct exposure to contaminant, and (ii) transmission/spread of contaminant. Protective behaviors included: hand hygiene, not touching the patient-facing surface of PPE, and ensuring a proper fit and closure of all PPE ties and materials.Conclusions:TA was helpful revealed that the procedure for donning and doffing of re-used PPE does not protect ED personnel from contaminant spread and risk of exposure, even with protective behaviors present (e.g., hand hygiene, respirator use, etc.). Future work should make more apparent the underlying risks associated with PPE use and reuse.
Forgotten leaders: Chinese Hui Muslim merchants in the Yangzi River region, 1880s–1940s
Authors: Chen Bin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBetween the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a commercial network of Chinese Hui Muslims emerged in China's mid and lower Yangzi River region. Through this commercial network, Muslim merchants achieved economic success and positioned themselves as Muslim community leaders and leading reformers of Chinese society. Past scholarship on Chinese Hui Muslims has focused on intellectuals or warlords and missed this important group of Muslim leaders – a group that, with the rising prominence and influence of entrepreneurs in the early twentieth century, had growing political clout. Chen Jingyu, a Muslim merchant from Nanjing, symbolized the culmination of the Muslim commercial network. Indeed, Chen's economic achievements were the direct result of the coordinated effort of Muslim merchants. With sufficient financial backing, Chen then invested in charitable activities and gained unprecedented influence in Muslim communities and Chinese society at large.
Implementing Intersectionality in Public Policies: Key Factors in the Madrid City Council, Spain
Authors: La Barbera MariaCaterina , Espinosa-Fajardo Julia , Caravantes Paloma 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough feminist scholarship has discussed intersectionality extensively, few studies have addressed its implementation in public policies. This article fills that gap with an empirical study of the obstacles and enabling factors in implementing intersectionality in the Madrid City Council. We focus on the multiple meanings, actors, and structures involved in translating policy planning into concrete measures. Through a content analysis of policy documents, interviews, focus groups, and participant observation, our qualitative study identifies five key factors that hinder the implementation of intersectionality-informed policies: the absence of a legal framework and precise guidelines; the multiple and contrasting interpretations of intersectionality; the lack of training; the compartmentalized work structure and culture; and the unavailability and misuse of data. These findings contribute to the scholarship on the implementation of intersectionality in public policies and provide empirical-based recommendations to overcome the identified obstacles.
Bayesian Paleomagnetic Euler Pole Inversion for Paleogeographic Reconstruction and Analysis
Authors: Rose Ian R. , Zhang Yiming , Swanson‐Hysell Nicholas L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractApparent polar wander paths (APWPs) synthesized from paleomagnetic poles provide the most direct data for reconstructing past paleogeography and plate motions for times earlier than ca. 200 Ma. In this contribution, we describe a new method for APWP synthesis that extends the paleomagnetic Euler pole analysis of Gordon et al. (1984, https://doi.org/10.1029/TC003i005p00499) by placing it within the framework of a Bayesian inverse problem. This approach incorporates uncertainties in pole positions and age that are often ignored in standard treatments. The paleomagnetic Euler poles resulting from the inversions provide estimates for full‐vector plate motion (both latitude and longitude) and associated uncertainty. The method allows for inverting for one or more Euler poles with the timing of changepoints being solved as part of the inversion. In addition, the method allows the incorporation of true polar wander rotations, thus providing an avenue for probabilistic partitioning of plate tectonic motion and true polar wander based on paleomagnetic poles. We show example inversions on synthetic data to demonstrate the method's capabilities. We illustrate application of the method to Cenozoic Australia paleomagnetic poles which can be compared to independent plate reconstructions. A two‐Euler pole inversion for the Australian record recovers northward acceleration of Australia in the Eocene with rates that are consistent with plate reconstructions. We also apply the method to constrain rapid rates of motion for cratonic North America associated with the Keweenawan Track of late Mesoproterozoic paleomagnetic poles. The application of Markov chain Monte Carlo methods to estimate paleomagnetic Euler poles can open new directions in quantitative paleogeography.
Magnetosphere‐Ionosphere‐Thermosphere Coupling Study at Jupiter Based on Juno's First 30 Orbits and Modeling Tools
Authors: Al Saati S. , Clément N. , Louis C. , Blanc M. , Wang Y. , André N. , Lamy L. , Bonfond B. , Collet B. , Allegrini F. , Bolton S. , Clark G. , Connerney J. E. P. , Gérard J.‐C. , Gladstone G. R. , Kotsiaros S. , Kurth W. S. , Mauk B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe dynamics of the Jovian magnetosphere is controlled by the interplay of the planet's fast rotation, its solar‐wind interaction and its main plasma source at the Io torus, mediated by coupling processes involving its magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere. At the ionospheric level, these processes can be characterized by a set of parameters including conductances, field‐aligned currents, horizontal currents, electric fields, transport of charged particles along field lines including the fluxes of electrons precipitating into the upper atmosphere which trigger auroral emissions, and the particle and Joule heating power dissipation rates into the upper atmosphere. Determination of these key parameters makes it possible to estimate the net transfer of momentum and energy between Jovian upper atmosphere and equatorial magnetosphere. A method based on a combined use of Juno multi‐instrument data and three modeling tools was developed by Wang et al. (2021, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021ja029469) and applied to an analysis of the first nine orbits to retrieve these parameters along Juno's magnetic footprint. We extend this method to the first 30 Juno science orbits and to both hemispheres. Our results reveal a large variability of these parameters from orbit to orbit and between the two hemispheres. They also show dominant trends. Southern current systems are consistent with the generation of a region of sub‐corotating ionospheric plasma flows, while both super‐corotating and sub‐corotating plasma flows are found in the north. These results are discussed in light of the previous space and ground‐based observations and currently available models of plasma convection and current systems, and their implications are assessed.
Constraining the Carbon Budget of Peat Ecosystems: Application of Stoichiometry and Enthalpy Balances
Authors: Worrall Fred , Boothroyd Ian. M. , Clay Gareth D. , Moody Catherine S. , Heckman Katherine , Burt Tim P. , Rose Rob 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe consider how the stoichiometry and energy content of organic matter reservoirs and fluxes through and from a peatland enable the fluxes and storage of carbon within a peatland to be constrained. We include the elemental composition of the above‐ and below‐ground biomass, litter, the peat profile, and the dissolved and particulate organic matter within a blanket bog in northern England for which the C budget has previously been measured. The study shows, based only on the elemental composition, and calculation of oxidation and energy contents, that: (a) Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in first‐order streams is significantly more oxidized than in peat pore water but that there was no significant difference in organic carbon oxidation state down the peat profile; (b) The occurrence and speciation of N uptake and release in the peatland with N used and recycled can be predicted; (c) The relatively high oxidation state of DOC in stream water acts as an endpoint for peat‐forming reactions; (d) Methanogenesis does not result in deep peat formation as its requirement for energy consumes too much organic matter to form residual peat at depth; (e) Sulfate reduction does occur during the formation of deep peat; (f) Organic matter elemental composition could be constrained to within three bounding equations though the proportions of carbon species could not be specified. (g) The formation of deep peat in this catchment could only be achieved if the dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the peat pore water is the dominant electron acceptor and energy source in the production of residual organic matter; however, it is unclear as to the flux of DOM up or down the peat profile.