bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A contemporary social contract: An exploration of enabling factors influencing climate policy intractability in developed nations
Authors: Groff Stephen P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe social contract has long been used to describe the advantages of individual submission to the body politic. Although a considerable focus has been dedicated to the individual affordances of the social contract, less attention has been paid to the factors that condition individuals' willingness to sacrifice for the collective. For scholars of political science, it is useful to understand the social contract's enabling factors, those conditions which motivate constituent support for public policies and influence citizens' willingness to limit individual freedoms in exchange for greater social security and assurances of collective wellbeing. In this paper, it is theorized that citizens lend their trust to public institutions to enable a social contract. Further, it is hypothesized that individuals who exhibit stronger enabling factors are more likely to contribute to a global conceptualization of the social contract that is committed to international climate policy objectives. Toward that end, an exploratory and descriptive analysis of several existing data sets examines the relationship between the enabling factors of public trust and the outcomes of environmental policy to survey the strength of variable associations that condition support for international climate policy commitments necessary to maintaining a contemporary social contract (CSC).
Cap‐independent translation of GPLD1 enhances markers of brain health in long‐lived mutant and drug‐treated mice
Authors: Li Xinna , Shi Xiaofang , McPherson Madaline , Hager Mary , Garcia Gonzalo G. , Miller Richard A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGlycosylphosphatidylinositol‐specific phospholipase D1 (GPLD1) hydrolyzes inositol phosphate linkages in proteins anchored to the cell membrane. Mice overexpressing GPLD1 show enhanced neurogenesis and cognition. Snell dwarf (DW) and growth hormone receptor knockout (GKO) mice show delays in age‐dependent cognitive decline. We hypothesized that augmented GPLD1 might contribute to retained cognitive function in these mice. We report that DW and GKO show higher GPLD1 levels in the liver and plasma. These mice also have elevated levels of hippocampal brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and of doublecortin (DCX), suggesting a mechanism for maintenance of cognitive function at older ages. GPLD1 was not increased in the hippocampus of DW or GKO mice, suggesting that plasma GPLD1 increases elevated these brain proteins. Alteration of the liver and plasma GPLD1 was unaltered in mice with liver‐specific GHR deletion, suggesting that the GH effect was not intrinsic to the liver. GPLD1 was also induced by caloric restriction and by each of four drugs that extend lifespan. The proteome of DW and GKO mice is molded by selective translation of mRNAs, involving cap‐independent translation (CIT) of mRNAs marked by N6 methyladenosine. Because GPLD1 protein increases were independent of the mRNA level, we tested the idea that GPLD1 might be regulated by CIT. 4EGI‐1, which enhances CIT, increased GPLD1 protein without changes in GPLD1 mRNA in cultured fibroblasts and mice. Furthermore, transgenic overexpression of YTHDF1, which promotes CIT by reading m6A signals, also led to increased GPLD1 protein, showing that elevation of GPLD1 reflects selective mRNA translation.
The management of erectile dysfunction in men with diabetes mellitus unresponsive to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors
Authors: Cayetano‐Alcaraz Axel Alberto , Tharakan Tharu , Chen Runzhi , Sofikitis Nikolaos , Minhas Suks 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionErectile dysfunction is associated with diabetes mellitus with an estimated prevalence of 52.5% in the diabetic population. The first‐line therapy for erectile dysfunction is phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, but data suggest that diabetic men may be less responsive than non‐diabetic men. Thus, other treatments, including intracavernosal injections, intraurethral prostaglandin, vacuum erection devices and penile prosthetic surgery, should be considered in management of diabetic men with erectile dysfunction refractory to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. Furthermore, combination therapy of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and other oral treatments such as arginine or l‐carnitine may have synergistic effects resulting in better outcomes. In addition, there are novel therapies such as low‐intensity shockwave therapy and stem‐cell therapy, which may also be effective in targeted treatment modalities. Furthermore, studies suggest that erectile dysfunction can be improved by targeting concurrent comorbidities or metabolic diseases such as depression, hypertension, hypogonadism, and dyslipidaemia. We present an evidence‐based narrative review focusing on the management of erectile dysfunction in diabetic men who have not responded to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors.ConclusionsBoth clinicians and patients should be aware of the different management options in diabetic patients who have not responded to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors.
Causal relationship between type 1 diabetes and hypothyroidism: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhao Yingqi , Si Shucheng , Zhang Kai , Yuan Jie , Li Jiqing , Xue Fuzhong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesAlthough an association between type 1 diabetes (T1D) and hypothyroidism has been found in multiple observational studies, whether T1D plays a causal role in the development of hypothyroidism remains uncertain. Therefore, this Mendelian randomization (MR) study aimed to investigate the causal association between T1D and hypothyroidism.MethodsIndependent single‐nucleotide polymorphisms associated with T1D with genome‐wide significance were selected as instrumental variables from a large genome‐wide association study (GWAS) of T1D. Hypothyroidism GWAS summary statistics were obtained from the Thyroidomics Consortium. The inverse‐variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary analysis for estimating the effect of the exposure on the outcome. We also used MR‐Egger, the weighted median method, MR‐Robust, and other methods to confirm the results.ResultsT1D had a positive causal association with hypothyroidism [IVW, odds ratio (OR) = 1.083, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.046−1.122; p < .001]. MR‐Egger regression indicated that directional pleiotropy did not bias the result (intercept = 0.006; p = .295). The causal association was verified in an independent validation set (IVW, OR = 1.099, 95% CI, 1.018−1.186; p = .017). The results were robust according to various MR methods, and the results of the reverse MR analysis did not support reverse causation (p > .05).ConclusionsThe MR analysis results indicated a causal association between T1D and hypothyroidism. Therefore, it is recommended that patients with T1D undergo thyroid function tests regularly to minimize the risk of undiagnosed hypothyroidism among young patients with T1D.
Call for integrating future patterns of biodiversity into European conservation policy
Authors: Adam Moritz M. , Lenzner Bernd , van Kleunen Mark , Essl Franz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGiven the unprecedented rates of global warming, widespread shifts in species’ distributions are anticipated to play a key role for their survival. Yet, current conservation policies often allocate priority to native species and their typical habitats, thereby preserving historic conditions rather than preparing for future species distributions. Policy initiatives aimed at halting biodiversity loss, such as the EU 2030 Biodiversity Strategy, could provide an opportunity to proactively integrate species’ future distributions into conservation objectives on an international scale, for example, by encouraging management actions that allow for species migration along projected paths of dispersal. Acknowledging climate‐tracking species as a conceptually distinct phenomenon, we qualitatively analyzed to which extent the EU 2030 Biodiversity Strategy and the legal framework it is embedded in, such as the Draft Note on Designation Criteria (ENV.D.3/JC) and the Framework for Blue and Green Infrastructure (SWD/2019/193), integrated climate‐trackers into their conservation objectives. We found that the Biodiversity Strategy did not explicitly incorporate future patterns of species distributions into conservation planning but emphasized the maintenance of historical community compositions and species distributions. While the commitments in these legal documents to nature restoration will certainly be helpful for biodiversity conservation today and after 2030, it may miss the chance to be a more comprehensive conservation policy.
Immune repertoire analysis of normal Chinese donors at different ages
Authors: Song Cailing , Pan Wenjing , Brown Brittany , Tang Congli , Huang Yunqi , Chen Houao , Peng Nan , Wang Zhe , Weber Daniel , Byrne‐Steele Miranda , Wu Haijing , Liu Hongna , Deng Yan , He Nongyue , Li Song 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study investigated the characteristics of the immune repertoire in normal Chinese individuals of different ages.Materials and MethodsIn this study, all seven receptor chains from both B and T cells in peripheral blood of 16 normal Chinese individuals from two age groups were analyzed using high‐throughput sequencing and dimer‐avoided multiplex PCR amplification. Normal in this study is defined as no chronic, infectious or autoimmune disease within 6 months prior to blood draw.ResultsWe found that compared with the younger group, the clonal expression of T‐cell receptor repertoire increased in the older group, while diversity decreased. In addition, we found that the T‐cell receptor repertoire was more significantly affected by age than the B‐cell receptor repertoire, including significant differences in the use of the unique TCR‐alpha and TCR‐beta V‐J gene combinations, in the two groups of normal participants. We further analyzed the degree of complementarity determining region 3 sequence sharing between the two groups, and found shared TCR‐alpha, TCR‐gamma, immunoglobulin‐kappa and immunoglobulin‐lambda chain complementarity determining region 3 sequences in all subjects.ConclusionTaken together, our study gives us a better understanding of the immune repertoire of different normal Chinese people, and these results can be applied to the treatment of age‐related diseases. Immune repertoire analysis also allows us to observe participant's wellness, aiding in early‐stage diagnosis.
Stamping out wildlife disease: Are hunter‐funded stamp programs a viable option for chronic wasting disease management?
Authors: Ufer Danielle J. , Christensen Sonja A. , Ortega David L. , Pinizzotto Nick , Schuler Krysten 
Published: August 2022

AbstractStamp programs are a financial mechanism that can provide funding from stakeholders for conservation efforts. Sufficient funding is foundational for the management of wildlife and natural resources, especially for infectious disease control for diseases like chronic wasting disease (CWD) in deer. This study uses contingent valuation in a nationwide hunter survey to evaluate the potential for state‐managed stamp programs to fund CWD prevention or management efforts. Results indicate that on average hunters are willing to pay between $11.45 and $21.93 for a voluntary CWD stamp. Willingness to pay varied by geographical location, CWD concern level, education, and participation in an archery season. Based on our analysis, stamp programs to fund CWD prevention or management may be a viable avenue for state conservation agencies to pursue.
Walking side‐by‐side: Supporting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians to lead the way in alcohol research
Authors: Lee K. S. Kylie , Wilson Scott , Stearne Annalee E. , Hayman Noel , Conigrave James H. , Doyle Michael , Bullen Lynette , Weatherall Teagan J. , James Doug , Reynolds Taleah , Perry Jimmy , Conigrave Katherine M. ,   Members, Investigators, Indigenous Advisory Group and staff of the Centre of Research Excellence in Indigenous Health and Alcohol
Published: August 2022

AbstractSeveral initiatives have sought to increase the number of First Nations individuals with a higher degree in research (i.e., PhD or research masters)—in Australia and in similarly colonised countries. However, little has been written on day‐to‐day support structures and mechanisms that might help First Nations Australian candidates thrive in postgraduate research degrees and beyond. For sensitive research fields such as alcohol, emerging Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander researchers must grapple with topics which are stigmatising and in some instances associated with traumatic associations. There is also a lack of studies internationally that describe optimal support for First Nations students undertaking a higher degree by research with a primary focus on alcohol. Here we discuss what we have learned from the support offered through the Centre of Research Excellence in Indigenous Health and Alcohol—from the perspective of academic staff, students, trainees and early career researchers. We consider what may be generalisable lessons from this experience.
S2k guideline: Rosacea
Authors: Clanner‐Engelshofen Benjamin M. , Bernhard Dominik , Dargatz Sonja , Flaig Michael J. , Gieler Uwe , Kinberger Maria , Klövekorn Winfried , Kuna Anne‐Charlotte , Läuchli Severin , Lehmann Percy , Nast Alexander , Pleyer Uwe , Schaller Martin , Schöfer Helmut , Steinhoff Martin , Schwennesen Thomas , Werner Ricardo Niklas , Zierhut Manfred , Reinholz Markus 
Published: August 2022

SummaryThis updated and upgraded S2k guideline deals with the diagnosis and treatment of rosacea, which is a common, chronic inflammatory skin disease mostly affecting the face. Initially, rosacea is characterized by recurrent erythema, telangiectasia and flushing. Later, the inflammatory component predominates, with persistent erythema with follicular papules, papulopustules and pustules. The development of phyma, which usually occurs on the acral localizations, is the most severe manifestation. For the treatment of rosacea, the interdisciplinary guideline committee, with representatives of the German Dermatological Society (DDG), the Professional Association of German Dermatologists (BVDD), the German Opthalmological Society (DOG), the Society for Dermopharmacy (GD), the Swiss Society for Dermatology and Venereology (SGDV) and the German Rosacea Aid e. V., recommends the avoidance of trigger factors and topical applications of metronidazole, azelaic acid or ivermectin. For symptomatic treatment of persistent centrofacial erythema, the topical vasoconstrictors brimonidine or oxymetazoline can also be used. Systemic therapy is recommended for therapy‐resistant and severe forms of rosacea papulopustulosa. The drug of choice is low‐dose doxycycline. Alternatively, low‐dose isotretinoin can be recommended. Ocular rosacea should be treated with lid margin hygiene. For topical treatment, ciclosporin eye drops, azithromycin, ivermectin or metronidazole are suggested.
From clinic to community: A randomized controlled trial of a peer support model for adults with type 2 diabetes from specialty care settings in British Columbia
Authors: Tang Tricia S. , Afshar Rowshanak , Elliott Thomas , Kong Jason , Gill Sabrina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsTo examine the impact of a 12‐month peer‐led diabetes self‐management support intervention delivered via telephone amongst adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) from specialty care settings in British Columbia (BC).MethodsOne‐hundred ninety‐six adults with T2D were randomly assigned to either a 12‐month Peer‐Led, Empowerment‐based, Approach, to Self‐management Efforts in Diabetes (PLEASED) intervention or a usual care condition. PLEASED involved weekly telephone contacts from a peer leader (PL) in the first 3 months followed by bi‐weekly telephone contacts in the last 9 months. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 3 and 12 months. The primary outcome was HbA1c; secondary outcomes included diabetes distress (DD), ApoB, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), body mass index, waist circumference and depressive symptoms.ResultsNo within or between group changes were observed for HbA1c at 3 or 12 months. However, amongst participants with HbA1c ≥ 69 mmol/mol (8.5%), the PLEASED group significantly lowered their HbA1c at 12 months [−11.7 mmol/mol (−1.07%); 95% CI: −20.7, −2.5 (−1.89, −0.23); p = 0.016] compared to usual care. Amongst secondary outcomes, within‐group improvements in overall DD were found at 3 months (−0.21; 95% CI: −0.35, −0.08; p = 0.002) for the PLEASED group and at 12 months for both groups (PLEASED: −0.35; 95% CI: −0.49, −0.21; p < 0.001 and control: −0.33; 95% CI: −0.47, −0.19; p < 0.001), however, no between‐group differences were observed. The PLEASED group improved systolic BP at 12 months (−5.4 mm Hg; 95% CI: −10.0, −0.8; p = 0.023) compared to usual care.ConclusionsParticipation in a peer support intervention in diabetes delivered via telephone leads to long‐term improvements in HbA1c amongst high‐risk adults with T2D living in BC.Trial registration: The study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NT02804620).
Impact of imidazolium salts to reduce the infection of Bombyx mori caterpillars by Beauveria bassiana
Authors: Pessini Graziele Milani , Schrekker Henri Stephan , Demétrio da Silva Vinícius , Pares Rafaela Barbosa , Alves Luis Francisco Angeli , Ribeiro Lucinéia de Fátima Chasko , Seixas Flávio Augusto Vicente , Fernandez Maria Aparecida 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), is susceptible to several entomopathogens, including the fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.‐Criv.) Vuill. (Hypocreales), which causes white muscardine. Aiming at effective alternatives for disease control, the effect of one pyridinium salt (PS) and seven imidazolium salts (IS) on biological parameters of this fungus – conidia germination, colony‐forming units (CFU), vegetative growth, and conidia production – were evaluated in vitro. Then, the in vivo action of the IS on silkworm larvae and pupae was verified. Preventive and curative actions of selected IS for disease suppression in B. mori caterpillars were evaluated either via oral or integumentary administration. When administered daily via feeding sheets, the IS 1,3‐di‐n‐decyl‐2‐methylimidazolium chloride at 100 μg ml−1 was effective in reducing the mortality of caterpillars by the fungal infection. In addition, it did not show any negative effects on developing B. mori larvae. Therefore, 1,3‐di‐n‐decyl‐2‐methylimidazolium chloride can be an effective tool in the management of white muscardine in silkworm rearing houses.
Generating Ectropis obliqua axenic larvae in support of functional microbiome studies
Authors: Su Qingqing , Zhao Yu , Zhou Linlin , Li Xiayu , Wu Zhenzhen , Zhang Yong , Yang Yunqiu , Long Yanhua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEctropis obliqua Prout (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) is a serious leaf‐eating pest in tea gardens throughout China, with rich bacterial communities in the larval gut. Few studies have investigated whether these bacteria play an important role in growth, development, and adaptability of E. obliqua. Axenic larval models are a useful tool for the study of interactions between gut bacteria and host insects. At present, artificial diet and antibiotics are typically used to remove larval gut bacteria for study; however, this method may change the natural food of insects and the habitat provided by their host plants, and cannot completely eliminate insect gut bacteria. Therefore, in order to establish an axenic insect feeding model, we first investigated the effects of egg age, different disinfectant concentration, and treatment time on the eggs of E. obliqua through orthogonal experiments. Next, we fed E. obliqua larvae tissue‐cultured tea seedlings under aseptic conditions. Thus, we successfully generated a feeding model of gut axenic larvae in the laboratory. Based on it, we then compared the mortality of axenic and non‐axenic E. obliqua larvae infected with the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuill. These results demonstrated the feasibility of this axenic larval model and that B. bassiana is a broad‐spectrum entomogenous fungus with a toxic effect on E. obliqua.
Traumatic synovial herniation of the medial femorotibial joint as an aetiology of hindlimb lameness in a horse
Authors: Loppnow Zach R. , Janke Jared , Klein Chelsea E. , Tatarniuk Dane M. 
Published: August 2022

SummaryA 3‐year‐old Quarter Horse filly presented with an acute history of right hindlimb lameness. Examination of the right hind found moderate effusion in the medial femorotibial joint and a consistent grade 4/5 right hindlimb lameness. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the medial femorotibial joint revealed a disruption of the synovial membrane in the medial recess of the joint capsule. Arthroscopy of the medial femorotibial joint identified a tear in the joint capsule at the attachment to the medial collateral ligament. Treatment with autologous conditioned serum, rest and firocoxib resulted in improvement in overall lameness. Follow‐up examination revealed an improved lameness score; however, a synovial hernia was identified on sonographic evaluation of the joint.
Recommendations for quantifying and reducing uncertainty in climate projections of species distributions
Authors: Brodie Stephanie , Smith James A. , Muhling Barbara A. , Barnett Lewis A. K. , Carroll Gemma , Fiedler Paul , Bograd Steven J. , Hazen Elliott L. , Jacox Michael G. , Andrews Kelly S. , Barnes Cheryl L. , Crozier Lisa G. , Fiechter Jerome , Fredston Alexa , Haltuch Melissa A. , Harvey Chris J. , Holmes Elizabeth , Karp Melissa A. , Liu Owen R. , Malick Michael J. , Pozo Buil Mercedes , Richerson Kate , Rooper Christopher N. , Samhouri Jameal , Seary Rachel , Selden Rebecca L. , Thompson Andrew R. , Tommasi Desiree , Ward Eric J. , Kaplan Isaac C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractProjecting the future distributions of commercially and ecologically important species has become a critical approach for ecosystem managers to strategically anticipate change, but large uncertainties in projections limit climate adaptation planning. Although distribution projections are primarily used to understand the scope of potential change—rather than accurately predict specific outcomes—it is nonetheless essential to understand where and why projections can give implausible results and to identify which processes contribute to uncertainty. Here, we use a series of simulated species distributions, an ensemble of 252 species distribution models, and an ensemble of three regional ocean climate projections, to isolate the influences of uncertainty from earth system model spread and from ecological modeling. The simulations encompass marine species with different functional traits and ecological preferences to more broadly address resource manager and fishery stakeholder needs, and provide a simulated true state with which to evaluate projections. We present our results relative to the degree of environmental extrapolation from historical conditions, which helps facilitate interpretation by ecological modelers working in diverse systems. We found uncertainty associated with species distribution models can exceed uncertainty generated from diverging earth system models (up to 70% of total uncertainty by 2100), and that this result was consistent across species traits. Species distribution model uncertainty increased through time and was primarily related to the degree to which models extrapolated into novel environmental conditions but moderated by how well models captured the underlying dynamics driving species distributions. The predictive power of simulated species distribution models remained relatively high in the first 30 years of projections, in alignment with the time period in which stakeholders make strategic decisions based on climate information. By understanding sources of uncertainty, and how they change at different forecast horizons, we provide recommendations for projecting species distribution models under global climate change.