bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data-Driven Examination of the Impact Energy Efficiency has on Demand Response Capabilities in Institutional Buildings
Authors: Andrews Abigail , Roth Jonathan , Jain Rishee K. , Mathieu Johanna L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Growing concerns over climate change and grid reliability have led to widespread adoption of energy efficiency (EE) and demand response (DR) programs at utilities. Despite such adoption, numerous questions exist regarding the interactions between EE and DR, including whether EE diminishes a building’s DR potential. In this brief, we empirically examine the impact a building’s EE level (quantified by traditional EE benchmarking metrics) has on its DR capabilities (quantified by a building’s normalized load shed) for 194 K-12 institutional school buildings in California, USA. We found inconclusive statistical evidence that a building’s EE level has an impact on its DR load shed capabilities. We provide initial evidence countering concerns that EE diminishes DR potential and thus pave the path for future work than can further support synergistic EE and DR strategies which can enhance demand-side management programs.
The Study of Artificial Intelligent in Risk-Based Inspection Assessment and Screening: A Study Case of Inline Inspection
Authors: Aditiyawarman Taufik , Soedarsono Johny Wahyuadi , Kaban Agus Paul Setiawan , Riastuti Rini , Rahmadani Haryo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The work reports the systematic approach to the study of artificial intelligence (AI) in addressing the complexity of inline inspection (ILI) data management to forecast the risk in natural gas pipelines. A recent conventional standard may not be sufficient to address the variation data of corrosion defects and inherent human subjectivity. Such methodology undermines the accuracy assessment confidence and is ineffective in reducing inspection costs. In this work, a combination of unsupervised and supervised machine learning and deep learning has profoundly accelerated the probability of failure (PoF) assessment and analysis. K-means clustering and Gaussian mixture models show direct relevance between the corrosion depth and corrosion rate, while the overlapping PoF value is scattered in three clusters. Logistic regression, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbors, and ensemble classifiers of AdaBoost, random forest, and gradient boosting are constructed using particular features, labels, and hyperparameters. The algorithm correctly predicted the score of PoF from 4790 instances and confirmed the 25% metal loss at a location of 13.399 m. The artificial neural network (ANN) is designed with various layers (input, hidden, and output) architecture. It is optimized using an activation function to predict that 74% of the pipeline's anomalies that classified at low-medium and medium-high risk. Furthermore, it provides a quick and precise prediction about the external defects at 13.1 m and requires the personnel to conduct wrapping composite. This work can be used as a standard guideline for risk assessment based on ILI and applies to industry and academia.
Condition Monitoring of Misaligned Rotor System Using Acoustic Sensor by Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Patil Shital , Jalan Arun Kumar , Marathe Amol 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Misalignment is among the most common causes of vibrations in rotary machinery. Modern machinery is complicated and installing a sensor might be tricky at times. As a result, noncontact type sensors are critical in such situations. The present study investigates the influence of combinations between speed, load, and fault severity upon system vibration by employing acoustic sensor. Although acoustic sensor is used in angular fault diagnosis, however, this is the first attempt to combine the noncontact type of sensor and response surface methodology (RSM) to study the influence of misalignment upon system vibration and the factors that induce system vibrations in a misaligned rotor system. To investigate the effect of these interactions on system performance, RSM with root-mean-square (RMS) as a response factor is used. Design of experiments is used to prepare experiments, while analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to analyze the results. Speed has a significant impact on RMS value in both parallel and angular types of misalignments and it severely affects the system's performance. According to the RSM findings, a change in load influences vibration amplitude. With increasing defect severity, the change in RMS value was not particularly significant. The outcome of RSM using acoustic sensor was found well aligned with the conclusion drawn using RSM study with vibrational sensor.
Numerical Calculation of Fluid Film Force on Journal Bearings Based on a Biconjugate Gradient-Stabilized Algorithm
Authors: Wei Bin , Jiao Yinghou , Wu Xianglin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The aim of this work is to present a technical numerical method to improve the efficiency of solving the Reynolds equation for hydrodynamic bearings. Hydrodynamic bearings are largely employed in the shafting of high-speed rotating machinery to provide adequate support. The distribution of hydrodynamic pressure inside the bearing can be obtained by solving the Reynolds equation. Improving the efficiency of solving the Reynolds equation plays an essential role in the design and analysis of journal bearings. A numerical model has been developed to support the analysis and future design of hydrodynamic bearings. The primary objective of the model is to improve the efficiency of solving the Reynold equation during the steady-state and dynamic analysis. The developed method effectively combines the bi-conjugate gradient stabilized (Bi-CGSTAB) algorithm with the Reynolds boundary conditions, resulting in an effective methodology to characterize the pressure distribution within the lubricant for hydrodynamic bearings. A c++ program was implemented, and the difference between the BI-CGSTAB method and the successive over relaxation (SOR) method was evaluated against accuracy, convergence, and computational consumption. The Bi-CGSTAB algorithm has shown promising application in steady-state and dynamic analyses of hydrodynamic bearings. Validation of the results has been made with reference and analytical solutions.
Effects of Heat Treatment on the Surface Quality and Improvement in Formability of Deformation Machined Products of Al 6061
Authors: Gupta Ankit Kumar , Priyadarshi Satwik , Pustovoytov Denis , Dabala Manuele , Yu Hailiang , Pesin Alexander , Tandon Puneet 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Continuous efforts are being made to improve the technology and the process involved in part production to meet the demands of society. Advancements in machining, as well as incremental forming, resulted in the generation of a technology that is capable of manufacturing monolithic components in a single setup. Such hybrid technological development, called deformation machining (DM), has the milling process contributing to thin structure generation and single point incremental forming (SPIF) leading to the desired geometrical deformation. Machining a material block to produce thin structure results in unwanted residual stresses in the workpiece, which hinders the part’s formability during SPIF. In the current research, stress-relieve annealing of aluminum alloy (Al 6061) is done to compensate for these residual stresses. While doing so, the optimum temperature of reheating is identified, at which the strength of the selected material is not significantly compromised. For this, preliminary microstructural investigations are carried out on the machined components at different temperatures, followed by experimental investigations. The force measurement of different samples was done during the experiments for determining the effects of heat treatment. Geometrical observations suggest that heat treatment results in better forming depth and improved forming angle, however, an increase in surface roughness is observed on the heat-treated parts.
Preheating Effects on Compression Ignition Engine Through Waste Heat Recovery Using THNF-Based Radiator Coolant: An Experimental Study
Authors: Kumar Vikash , Sahoo RashmiRekha 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The present paper focuses on the thermohydraulic performance of a car radiator using Al2O3, CuO, and TiO2 nanoparticles disseminated in an equal fraction in the range of 0.06–0.12% called Ternary hybrid nanofluid (THNF), in water-based fluid, operated at coolant flowrate (CFR) range of 3–8 lpm and fan air velocity of 0.25–1.25 m/s). Moreover, a detailed accentuation has been given on the extensive nanofluid characterization mainly thermophysical properties and its stability, to justify nanofluid durability for the long run (scanning electron microscope, Zeta potential). Performance evaluation criteria (PEC) and friction factors were analyzed to evaluate the penalty in pressure drop for the heat transfer enhancement achieved. The experimental analysis revealed a maximum heat transfer enhancement in the coolant of 14.2% at CFR of 6lpm using 0.12% vol. fraction of THNF. The PEC value found within the limit of 1.0045–1.098 indicates a remarkable heat transfer enhancement on nanoparticle addition. Concurrently fuel elevated temperature improved thermal efficiency by 13.6% at 0.25 m/s of frontal air velocity during a maximum fuel-saving of 14.28% at 50% load on the engine. Hence, the preheating of fuel through the radiator waste heat improves the thermal efficiency, lowers the brake-specific fuel consumption, and saves fuel consumption successfully.
New age constraints support a K/Pg boundary interval on Vega Island, Antarctica: Implications for latest Cretaceous vertebrates and paleoenvironments
Authors: Roberts Eric M. , O’Connor Patrick M. , Clarke Julia A. , Slotznick Sarah P. , Placzek Christa J. , Tobin Thomas S. , Hannaford Carey , Orr Theresa , Jinnah Zubair A. , Claeson Kerin M. , Salisbury Steven , Kirschvink Joseph L. , Pirrie Duncan , Lamanna Matthew C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA second K/Pg boundary interval in the northern sector of the Antarctic Peninsula on Vega Island has been proposed, yet current temporal resolution of these strata prohibits direct testing of this hypothesis. To not only test for the existence of a K/Pg boundary on Vega Island but also provide increased age resolution for the associated vertebrate fauna (e.g., marine reptiles, non-avian dinosaurs, and avian dinosaurs), the Vega Island succession was intensively re-sampled. Stratigraphic investigation of the Cape Lamb Member of the Snow Hill Island Formation, and in particular, the overlying Sandwich Bluff Member of the López de Bertodano Formation, was conducted using biostratigraphy, strontium isotope stratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, and detrital zircon geochronology. These data indicate a Late Campanian–early Maastrichtian age for the Cape Lamb Member and present three possible correlations to the global polarity time scale (GPTS) for the overlying Sandwich Bluff Member. The most plausible correlation, which is consistent with biostratigraphy, detrital zircon geochronology, sequence stratigraphy, and all but one of the Sr-isotope ages, correlates the base of the section to C31N and the top of the section with C29N, which indicates that the K/Pg boundary passes through the top of the unit. A second, less plausible option conflicts with the biostratigraphy and depends on a series of poorly defined magnetic reversals in the upper part of the stratigraphy that also correlates the section between C31N and C29R and again indicates an inclusive K/Pg boundary interval. The least likely correlation, which depends on favoring only a single Srisotope age at the top of the section over biostratigraphy, correlates the section between C31N and C30N and is inconsistent with an included K/Pg boundary interval. Although our preferred correlation is well supported, we failed to identify an Ir-anomaly, spherules/impact ejecta, or other direct evidence typically used to define the precise position of a K/Pg boundary on Vega Island. This study does, however, confirm that Vegavis, from the base of the Sandwich Bluff Member, is the oldest (69.2–68.4 Ma) phylogenetically placed representative of the avian crown clade, and that marine vertebrates and non-avian dinosaurs persisted in Antarctica up to the terminal Cretaceous.
Parapapillary choroidal microvascular density in acute primary angle-closure and primary open-angle glaucoma: an optical coherence tomography angiography study
Authors: Suwan Yanin , Aghsaei Fard Masoud , Vilainerun Nantinee , Petpiroon Purit , Tantraworasin Apichat , Teekhasaenee Chaiwat , Ritch Robert , Kafieh Rahele , Hojati Sahar , Supakontanasan Wasu 
Published: July 2022

Back ground/aimsTo determine whether parapapillary choroidal microvasculature (PPCMv) density, measured by optical coherence tomography angiography, differed between acute primary angle-closure (APAC), primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and controls.MethodsThis is a prospective, cross-sectional, observational study. Data from 149 eyes from two academic referral centres were analysed. Automated PPCMv density was calculated in inner and outer annuli around the optic nerve region in addition to the peripapillary superficial vasculature, using customised software. A generalised estimating equation was used to compare vessel densities among groups, adjusted for confounders.ResultsData from 40 eyes with APAC, 65 eyes with POAG and 44 eyes in healthy controls were gathered and analysed. Global radial peripapillary capillary densities were reduced in eyes with APAC and POAG compared with controls (p=0.027 and 0.136, respectively). Mean outer annular PPCMv density in the POAG group was lower vs the APAC group by 3.6% (95% CI 0.6% to 6.5%) (p=0.018) in the multivariable model adjusted for confounders. The mean difference in inner and outer superior PPCMv between the POAG and APAC groups was 5.9% and 4.4% (95% CI 1.9% to 9.9% and 1.0% to 7.7%, respectively; both p<0.010). Furthermore, POAG and APAC groups both had significantly lower PPCMv compared with controls (both, p<0.001).ConclusionsWhile superficial peripapillary vessels were affected to similar degrees in POAG and APAC, PPCMv drop-out was greater with POAG versus APAC, suggesting that choroidal vessel density may be affected to a lesser extent following an acute increase in intraocular pressure before glaucoma develops.
Safety of heterologous primary and booster schedules with ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccines: nationwide cohort study
Authors: Andersson Niklas Worm , Thiesson Emilia Myrup , Laursen Mona Vestergaard , Mogensen Stine Hasling , Kjær Jesper , Hviid Anders 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the risk of adverse events associated with heterologous primary (two dose) and booster (three dose) vaccine schedules for covid-19 with Oxford-AstraZeneca’s ChAdOx1-S priming followed by mRNA vaccines (Pfizer-BioNTech’s BNT162b2 or Moderna’s mRNA-1273) as compared with homologous mRNA vaccine schedules for covid-19.DesignNationwide cohort study.SettingDenmark, 1 January 2021 to 26 March 2022.ParticipantsAdults aged 18-65 years who received a heterologous vaccine schedule of priming with ChAdOx1-S and one or two mRNA booster doses (with either the BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccine) were compared with adults who received a homologous BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccine schedule (ie, two dosevtwo dose, and three dosevthree dose schedule).Main outcome measuresThe incidence of hospital contacts for a range of adverse cardiovascular and haemostatic events within 28 days after the second or third vaccine dose, comparing heterologous versus homologous vaccine schedules. Secondary outcomes included additional prioritised adverse events of special interest. Poisson regression was used to estimate incidence rate ratios with adjustment for selected covariates.ResultsIndividuals who had had a heterologous primary vaccine (n=137 495) or a homologous vaccine (n=2 688 142) were identified, in addition to those who had had a heterologous booster (n=129 770) or a homologous booster (n=2 197 213). Adjusted incidence rate ratios of adverse cardiovascular and haemostatic events within 28 days for the heterologous primary and booster vaccine schedules in comparison with the homologous mRNA vaccine schedules were 1.22 (95% confidence interval 0.79 to 1.91) and 1.00 (0.58 to 1.72) for ischaemic cardiac events, 0.74 (0.40 to 1.34) and 0.72 (0.37 to 1.42) for cerebrovascular events, 1.12 (0.13 to 9.58) and 4.74 (0.94 to 24.01) for arterial thromboembolisms, 0.79 (0.45 to 1.38) and 1.09 (0.60 to 1.98) for venous thromboembolisms, 0.84 (0.18 to 3.96) and 1.04 (0.60 to 4.55) for myocarditis or pericarditis, 0.97 (0.45 to 2.10) and 0.89 (0.21 to 3.77) for thrombocytopenia and coagulative disorders, and 1.39 (1.01 to 1.91) and 1.02 (0.70 to 1.47) for other bleeding events, respectively. No associations with any of the outcomes were found when restricting to serious adverse events defined as stay in hospital for more than 24 h.ConclusionHeterologous primary and booster covid-19 vaccine schedules of ChAdOx1-S priming and mRNA booster doses as both second and third doses were not associated with increased risk of serious adverse events compared with homologous mRNA vaccine schedules. These results are reassuring but given the rarity of some of the adverse events, associations cannot be excluded.
Development of a core outcome set for school-based intervention studies on preventing childhood overweight and obesity: study protocol
Authors: de Vries Lotte W , Harrington Deirdre , Grooten Iris , Van 't Hooft Janneke , Deutekom Arend van , Roseboom Tessa J , Salmon Jo , Chinapaw Mai , Altenburg Teatske M 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionPrevention of childhood overweight is an important health priority. Evidence synthesis from studies evaluating school-based overweight preventive interventions is hampered by the wealth of different outcomes across studies. Therefore, consensus on a core set of outcomes for school-based overweight prevention studies is needed. This paper presents the protocol for the development of a core outcome set (COS) for school-based intervention studies aimed at childhood overweight prevention.Methods and analysisFirst, a scoping review will be performed to identify outcomes included in studies evaluating school-based overweight prevention interventions in 6–12 year-old children. Additionally, child focus groups will be organised in three countries to list the outcomes children consider important in school-based interventions. Next, an expert panel will identify all unique outcomes (eg, body composition) from the results of the scoping review and focus groups, ruling out how outcomes were defined and measured (eg, body mass index, body fat). In the next phase, a group of international stakeholders will participate in a Delphi study in which they will rate all unique outcomes on a 9-point Likert scale over three rounds to reach consensus on a COS. Participants will include healthcare professionals, policymakers, teachers, school leaders and parents of 6–12 year-olds. All rated outcomes will be presented to stakeholders in two online consensus meetings.Ethics and disseminationThe Medical Ethics Committee of the VU Medical Center approved the child focus group study in the Netherlands (nr. 2020.071) and the Delphi study—including the consensus meeting (nr. 2022.0295). Other sites will obtain ethics approval for focus groups in their country. The University of Strathclyde School of Psychological Sciences ethics committee approved the Delphi study—including consensus meeting (nr. 72.27.04.2022 .A). The final COS will be disseminated through the diverse networks of all authors and participants.Trial registration numberThis COS initiative is registered with the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness initiative (registration nr. 971).
Attitudes towards and use of dental dams by final-year dental students in Chongqing, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jiang Haofeng , Shen Lu , Zhang Yuhan , Yang Jing 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the current and intended future use of dental dams (DDs) and attitudes regarding DD use among final-year dental students at two levels (undergraduate and college) in dental schools in Chongqing, China.DesignA cross-sectional study based on a questionnaire was conducted from June to July 2021.SettingChongqing Medical University (CQMU, undergraduate level) and Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College (CQTGMC, junior college level).ParticipantsA total of 245 final-year dental students.Main outcome measuresAn anonymous online questionnaire was distributed to dental students less than 1 month before graduation. Students were asked about the DD training they had received, their attitudes towards some aspects of DDs, their current DD use and their intended future DD use in adult or child patients and in various dental procedures.ResultsA total of 238 valid questionnaires were returned (response rate=97.1%, CQMU=96.2%, n=76; CQTGMC=97.6%, n=162). A total of 47.5% of respondents used DDs on real patients during their internships (CQMU=59.2%, CQTGMC=42.0%, p<0.05). Whether in restorative procedures or endodontic treatment, the most common reason for not using DDs was a ‘lack of knowledge and experience’, followed by ‘DDs could not be provided by internship institutions’. Although the advantages of DDs were recognised by most students from the two schools, 52.9% thought DDs were difficult to apply (CQMU=42.1%, CQTGMC=58.0%, p<0.05). A total of 92.1% of CQMU respondents and 95.1% of CQTGMC respondents expressed their willingness to use DDs after independent practice in the future.ConclusionsAlthough final-year students have a clear awareness of the advantages of DDs and are very enthusiastic about future DD use, the current DD utilisation rate is low. Education about DDs should be continuously improved in many aspects, and the advantages of using DDs in clinical dentistry should be further emphasised at dental schools.
Efficacy of soft palatal augmentation prosthesis for oral functional rehabilitation in patients with dysarthria and dysphagia: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Yokoyama Tomonori , Mukai Takao , Kodama Naoki , Takao Kana , Hiraoka Takashi , Arai Nobuyuki , Yano Jitsuro , Nagatsuka Hiroaki , Manda Yousuke , Hanayama Kozo , Minagi Shogo 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionPalatal augmentation prosthesis (PAP) is used in patients with articulation and swallowing disorders caused by postoperative loss of tongue tissue due to tongue cancer, cerebrovascular disease sequelae and age-related hypofunction. We have previously reported a newly designed soft PAP fabricated using an thermoplastic material that is particularly appropriate for early intervention. However, the effect of soft PAP on oral function improvement remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study is to investigate whether soft PAP can improve dysarthria and dysphagia occurring as cerebrovascular disease sequelae.Methods and analysisThis prospective, randomised, controlled trial will compare the immediate and training effects of rehabilitation using soft PAP with those of rehabilitation without using it. Primary outcomes are the single-word intelligibility test score and pharyngeal transit time (PTT). Secondary outcomes are tongue function (evaluated based on maximum tongue pressure, repetitions of tongue pressure and endurance of tongue pressure), articulation function (evaluated based on speech intelligibility, oral diadochokinesis, Voice-Related Quality of Life (V-RQOL)) and swallowing function (evaluated using Eating Assessment Tool-10). The study results will help determine the efficacy of Soft PAP in improving functional outcomes of word intelligibility and PTT. We hypothesised that early rehabilitation using Soft PAP would more effectively improve articulation and swallowing function compared with conventional rehabilitation without using soft PAP.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the Okayama University Certified Review Board. The study findings will be published in an open access, peer-reviewed journal and presented at relevant conferences and research meetings.Trial registration numberjRCTs062200054.