bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ISOLATION AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIAL PATHOGEN IN COMMERCALLY IMPORTANT SHRIMP AND FISH COLLECTED FROM GHERS IN SATKHIRA DISTRICT, BANGLADESH
Authors: Reza Banu Ghausiatur , Mohashin Reza Md. 
Published: November 2022

Investigations were carried out for isolation, enumeration and characterization of bacterial pathogens from shrimp Penaeus monodon and vetki Lates calcarifer from different ghers at Asasuni thana of Satkhira district. Shrimp and vetki were randomly sampled with a cast net from each gher individually during the period of September to December, 2005. After sampling, the live specimens of 20 shrimp and 12 fish were brought to the laboratory and immediately dissected. Muscle, hepatopancreas and gill were removed aseptically, weighed and homogenized with 0.85% NaCl solution. The homogenate was diluted using consecutive decimal dilution and inoculated on standard agar plates for enumeration of total bacterial load. A total load of 106-7 CFU g-1, 105-6 CFU g-1 and 107-10 CFU/g-1 were found in hepatopancreas, muscle and gill of shrimp and 105-6 CFU g-1, 106-9 CFU g-1and 107-10 CFU ml-1 in fish muscle, gill and slime, respectively. The total bacterial load in water of the ghers was estimated to be 107-10 CFU ml-1. A total of 32 and 20 representative isolates were selected from shrimp and fish respectively to identify them up to the genus through morphological, physiological and biochemical properties. Four genera namely, Vibrio, Micrococcus, Aeromonas and Pseudomonas were identified from the samples. Vibrio (56%) was predominantly isolated followed by Micrococcus (19%), Aeromonas (16%) and Pseudomonas (9%) in P. monodon whereas Pseudomonas (45%) dominated in L. calcarifer followed by Aeromonas (30%), Micrococcus (15%) and Vibrio (10%). High bacterial load in shrimp, fish and water of the ghers, it can be assumed that shrimp culture of Satkhira district is susceptible to bacterial contamination specially vibrio which is one of the devastating pathogens causing vibriosis in our country.
The Black Badge of Courage: The Politics of Recording Black Union Army Service and the Militarization of Black History in the Civil War's Aftermath
Authors: Lande Jonathan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Scholars have detailed how Black activists looked to public forums to secure Black soldiers’ valor in American memory following the Civil War. This article reveals that they were not the only operators preserving African Americans’ wartime contributions. Rather than gravitating toward orations or monuments like other prominent activists, William Wells Brown and Frances Rollin turned to the power of history during Reconstruction. Drawing together trends of antebellum historical writing and nationalism among African American intellectuals and leaders, Brown and Rollin constructed heroic, textual accounts of Black Civil War soldiers. Brown contended that the soldiers were crucial not only to abolition but also to rescuing the Union. With his The Negro in the American Rebellion (1867), Brown contributed to a more inclusive version of American nationalism. Rollin added an ethnographic argument, crafting a muscular retelling of Martin Delany's wartime service. Rollin's Life and Public Services of Martin R. Delany (1868) affirmed Black pride and annulled burgeoning racial tropes. As a result, by the 1870s, Brown and Rollin helped assure African Americans a place in the body politic and crafted an enduring symbol—the Black badge of courage—that cemented military service as a central theme of Black historical writing.
Yhteisöllinen ja luova tiedonrakentaminen verkossa – Luovat askeleet 2.0-mallin uudelleen muotoilu
Authors: Arkko-Saukkonen Anitra , Rasi-Heikkinen Päivi 
Published: November 2022

Artikkelissa kuvataan design-tutkimuksen kautta Luovat askeleet 2.0-mallin uudelleen muotoilua kohti luovaa ja autenttista oppimisympäristöä. Tavoitteena on ymmärtää yhteisöllistä ja luovaa tiedonrakentamista verkossa innovaatio-osaamiseen tähtäävän oppimisen yhteydessä. Jatkuvasti muuttuva työelämä haastaa kehittämään koulutuksen käytäntöjä vastaamaan työelämän tarpeita. Innovaatio-osaaminen tunnistetaan yhteiskunnan kehitystä ylläpitävänä voimana. Sisältöanalyysin avulla tarkasteltiin Innovaatiot ja yrittäjyys -opintojaksoa aineistolähtöisesti ja teoriasidonnaisesti ammattikorkeakoulukontekstissa opiskelijoiden kokemusten, käsitysten sekä virtuaaliseinillä tapahtuvan tiedonrakentamisen kautta.
Tutkimuksessa havaittiin Luovat askeleet 2.0-mallin edistävän verkossa tapahtuvaa tiedonrakentamista, joka vaatii innovaatioprosessia tukevia ja opiskelijoiden tasapuolisen osallistumisen mahdollistavia alustoja. Luovan ilmapiirin merkitys tunnistetaan, ja ryhmien yhteiset sopimukset voivat edesauttaa sitä. Opiskelijoiden kokemusten ja käsitysten valossa verkkotyöskentelytaidot koetaan tärkeinä, sillä opittuja taitoja voidaan soveltaa työelämässä. Tuloksissa ilmenee verkkotyöskentelyn mahdollistavat ja haastavat tekijät. Verkossa tapahtuvaan yhteisölliseen ja luovaan tiedonrakentamiseen esitetään suosituksia ja kehittämisehdotuksia Luovat askeleet 2.0-malliin. Tutkimuksen tuloksia voidaan soveltaa tukemaan luovaa tiedonrakentamista ja innovaatio-osaamista verkko-opinnoissa.
Evolution and Limitations of the Lesser Duty Rule Under the WTO Anti-dumping Agreement
Authors: Ahn Dukgeun , Ji Chun Hyun 
Published: November 2022

Under the Lesser Duty Rule (LDR) of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Anti- Dumping Agreement (ADA), anti-dumping duties are imposed as the lower of the two: dumping margin and injury margin. It has been established to impose anti-dumping duties only to the amount necessary to eliminate injury on domestic industries caused by dumping. Most WTO members have long advocated the mandatory application of the LDR The LDR was first proposed during the Kennedy Round and was adopted in the Tokyo Round Anti-Dumping Code without major changes. The rule has not changed since then and still remains a discretionary rule. Although the LDR is theoretically an ideal rule, it may cause many flaws when applied to actual anti-dumping cases. Furthermore, the European Union (EU), Australia, and Korea, the countries that have used the LDR most actively, have shown a more flexible application of the LDR in recent anti-dumping investigations. Given these changes and the limitations of the rule, the LDR under the WTO ADA must be improved in line with the new trade order.
WTO, Anti-Dumping Agreement, lesser duty rule, anti-dumping duty, dumping margin, injury margin
Strategi Koping Masyarakat Dalam Kepatuhan Menjalankan Protokol Kesehatan Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Sari Purbaningsih Endah , Darini  , Muadi  
Published: November 2022

Pandemi covid-19 saat ini menjadi masalah serius dunia dengan jumlah kasus yang selalu meningkat setiap harinya, sehingga pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan protokol kesehatan dalam melakukan kegiatan-kegiatan diluar rumah harus mematuhi protokol kesehatan yang meliputi memakai masker, mencuci tangan, menjaga jarak, karena adanya kebijakan tersebut masyarakat menjadi panik dan cemas secara fisik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi koping masyarakat dalam kepatuhan menjalankan protokol kesehatan selama pandemi covid 19.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitaif dengan desain deskriptif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional.. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu masyarakat Desa Gembongan Mekar, sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 88 responden dan Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan purposive sampling instrumen yang digunakan yaitu berupa lembar kuesioner, serta analisis data menggunakan uji spearman rank .
Hasil penelitian ini terdapat hubungan strategi koping masyarakat desa gembongan mekar dalam kepatuhan menjalankan protokol kesehatan selama pandemi covid 19 Hasil uji rank spearman P Value < α dan r < 1.
Pada penelitian ini disajikan sebagai program penyediaan poster atau pamflet sebagai informasi tentang strategi koping dalam kepatuhan menjalankan protokol kesehatan selama pandemi covid 19 guna mencegah dan mengurangi penularan covid 19.
RELATIONSHIP OF VENTILATION AND WASTE MANAGEMENT WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION EVENT IN BANJARSARI WETAN VILLAGE IN 2021
Authors: Istiqomah  , Widiarini Retno , Nur Ramadanintyas Karina 
Published: November 2022

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is one of several diseases that attack one part or more of the respiratory tract. The spread of ARI starts from the upper channel to the lower channel. ARI often occupies the top 10 list of diseases in the health center. ARI continues to be a health problem in Indonesia because it has a huge impact on the sufferer, besides that ARI can also trigger the emergence of other diseases. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between ventilation and waste management with the incidence of ARI in Banjarsari Wetan Village in 2021. This study was an observational study using a case control study design, observations and interviews were also used to obtain data. The study population was all ARI patients who were treated at the Polindes. This research uses purposive sampling technique. And Chi-Square Test to analyze the research results. ventilation of the majority of respondents did not meet the criteria as many as 29 (51.8%). Ventilation and waste management were not found to be related to the incidence of ARI in Banjarsari Wetan Village in 2021. The village head and the village midwife of Banjarsari Wetan should be able to carry out house monitoring that can be adjusted to the requirements of a healthy house, besides that, socialization about environmental-based diseases that can occur due to unhealthy home environmental conditions can also be carried out.
Negacionismo do governo brasileiro diante da pandemia da Covid-19 a partir das obras de Michael Foucault
Authors: Gleison de Souza Medeiros Elenson , Da Rosa Vasconcelos Tatiane , Cristina Silveira Lemos Flávia , Bacellar de Souza Diego , Mota Silva Renan 
Published: November 2022

Este estudo abordará discussões sobre o governo Bolsonaro, a fim de contribuir com debates e reflexões acerca das questões que envolvem a ordem do discurso e a arqueologia do saber sob a perspectiva de Foucault, considerando estes como disparadores de pensamento que operam durante a política do (des)governo. O objetivo deste estudo é refletir sobre o atual governo brasileiro a partir da teoria foucaultiana, sob o aspecto negacionista e de necropolítica que se acentuou no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19. Trata-se de um ensaio teórico, fundamentado em obras de Michel Foucault que debatem em seus estudos aspectos relevantes sobre como pensar a realidade contemporânea, a relação entre discurso, ética e política a partir de uma perspectiva crítica. Assim, com este estudo identificou-se que a existência do SUS implica sobremaneira nos atravessamentos do combate às desigualdades sociais e, principalmente na defesa da vida e da saúde diante da pandemia de Covid-19.
39 Tahun PTKMR: Litbang dan Layanan dalam Proteksi dan Keselamatan Radiasi di Indonesia (1981–2020)
Authors: Eri Hiswara  , Wahyudi  , Ismanto Jumadi  , C. Tuti Budiantari  , Asep Setiawan  , Heru Prasetio  , Yanti Lusiyanti  , Sandya Eko Restadhi  , Noor Puspita Putriana  , Toni Prihatna  
Published: November 2022

Buku ini mengulas tentang kegiatan penelitian dan pengembangan serta layanan dalam proteksi dan keselamatan radiasi di Indonesia dari tahun 1981 hingga 2020 yang dilakukan oleh Pusat Teknologi Keselamatan dan Metrologi Radiasi (PTKMR). Kegiatan-kegiatan yang telah dilakukan selama 39 tahun PTKMR berdiri, dibahas dalam judul-judul bab yang tersusun dalam buku ini. Sebagai catatan, dapat disampaikan bahwa sejak BATAN bergabung ke dalam BRIN pada akhir 2021, kegiatan penelitian dan pengembangan PTKMR dilanjutkan oleh Pusat Riset Teknologi Keselamatan, Metrologi, dan Mutu Nuklir BRIN, sedang kegiatan layanan dilaksanakan oleh Direktorat Pengelolaan Laboratorium, Fasilitas Riset, dan Kawasan Sains Teknologi BRIN. Buku ini diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran mengenai kegiatan dan peran serta PTKMR dahulu dalam mewujudkan aplikasi ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi nuklir yang aman dan selamat di Indonesia. Selamat membaca!
Domestikasi Ikan Air Tawar Asli Indonesia Mendukung Produksi Perikanan
Authors: Anang Hari Kristanto  
Published: November 2022

Domestikasi ikan adalah penjinakan ikan liar melalui penguasaan siklus reproduksi diluar habitat aslinya. Kegiatan domestikasi ikan diawali dengan koleksi, pemilihan populasi yang akan didomestikasikan, pematangan gonad melalui modifikasi lingkungan, pemberian pakan, dan aplikasi hormonal, pendederan serta pembesaran. Permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam domestikasi ikan liar antara lain ketidakmampuan ikan dalam beradaptasi di penangkaran, sulitnya membedakan jenis kelamin jantan dan betina, ikan tidak dapat matang gonad sehingga tidak dapat dipijahkan didalam penangkaran, serta tingginya mortalitas larva pada saat pendederan. Tahapan penting untuk kegiatan domestikasi ikan diawali dengan pemilihan spesies yang tepat melalui pendekatan analisis komoditas sehingga ikan yang sudah terdomestikasi merupakan ikan budidaya baru yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis tinggi dan potensial untuk dikembangkan. Dari rangkain kegiatan yang telah dilakukan, terhadap ikan air tawar dapat di simpulkan pelakanan domestikasi ikan air tawar asli Indonesia dapat dilakukan melalui modifikasi lingkungan mendekati habitat aslinya, pemberian pakan disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan perkembangan gonad, memberikan hormon secara oral yang dicampurkan dalam pakan maupun melalui implant/suntikan. Dalam proses domestikasi analisa genotipe secara molekular maupun fenotipe melalui pengukuran meristik dan morphometrik pada populasi ikan perlu dilakukan untuk memilih populasi dengan variasi genetik yang tinggi. Pada ikan domestikasi secara alami, seperti ikan gurame, untuk meningkatkan produksi perlu dilakukan perbaikan terhadap teknologi budidayanya antara lain dalam pemilihan jenis kelamin induk yang tepat, penggunaan rasio pemijahan yang sesuai, lama penggunaan induk dalam pemijahan dan penanganan larva
Gambaran Elektrodiagnostik pada Polineuropati
Authors: Susanti Lydia , Adhi  Putri Fanny , Yusran Andi Fadilah 
Published: November 2022

Banyaknya jenis kelainan saraf perifer dengan gejala yang tidak jauh berbeda menyebabkan tidak mudah untuk menegakkan diagnosis gangguan sistem saraf perifer. Pemeriksaan elektrofisiologi dapat dilakukan sebagai salah satu pemeriksaan penting dalam penegakkan diagnosis gangguan sistem saraf perifer,. Pemeriksaan elektrofisiologi yang akan dilakukan disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan penengakan diagnosis, artinya berbeda diagnosis maka berbeda juga pilihan pemeriksaan elektrofisiologi yang dilakukan. Polineuropati adalah sebuah gangguan menyeluruh dari sistem saraf perifer. Prevalensi kejadian polineuropati sekitar 5%-8%, dan menggambarkan gangguan yang paling umum dari kelompok kelainan ini. Gangguan ini dapat memiliki banyak etiologi dan penyakit penyerta lainnya, dan dalam praktek klinis, hampir seluruh spesialis medis dapat berkontak dengan pasien polineuropati ini. Pemeriksaan penunjang seperti pemeriksaan elektrodiagnostik dibutuhkan dalam penegakkan diagnosis sebelum memulai terapi definitif. Pemeriksaan ini juga dapat membantu membedakan onset akan kejadian polineuropati yang diderita pasien.
UPAYA MENCEGAH PIUTANG MACET BERBASIS PENDEKATAN PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL
Authors: Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Wahyudin Wahyudin 
Published: November 2022

Abstrak
Anggota koperasi dapat meningkatkan situasi ekonomi mereka melalui pekerjaan mereka di organisasi. Koperasi Pegawai Dinas adalah koperasi serba guna yang beroperasi di berbagai industri. Anggota Koperasi Pegawai Dinas adalah anggota Koperasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengendalian intern koperasi terhadap piutang mengurangi piutang tidak tertagih dengan memahami bagaimana timbulnya kredit bermasalah, penyebab yang menyebabkan piutang tidak tertagih, dan pengendalian intern koperasi terhadap piutang tidak tertagih dan piutang tidak tertagih. Pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif digunakan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, pengendalian internal dalam mengurangi piutang tidak tertagih bagi pegawai telah dilaksanakan, namun belum efisien sehingga mengakibatkan piutang tidak tertagih meningkat setiap tahunnya.
Quantifying the impact of immune history and variant on SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics and infection rebound: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hay James A , Kissler Stephen M , Fauver Joseph R , Mack Christina , Tai Caroline G , Samant Radhika M , Connolly Sarah , Anderson Deverick J , Khullar Gaurav , MacKay Matthew , Patel Miral , Kelly Shannan , Manhertz April , Eiter Isaac , Salgado Daisy , Baker Tim , Howard Ben , Dudley Joel T , Mason Christopher E , Nair Manoj , Huang Yaoxing , DiFiori John , Ho David D , Grubaugh Nathan D , Grad Yonatan H 
Published: November 2022

Background:The combined impact of immunity and SARS-CoV-2 variants on viral kinetics during infections has been unclear.Methods:We characterized 1,280 infections from the National Basketball Association occupational health cohort identified between June 2020 and January 2022 using serial RT-qPCR testing. Logistic regression and semi-mechanistic viral RNA kinetics models were used to quantify the effect of age, variant, symptom status, infection history, vaccination status and antibody titer to the founder SARS-CoV-2 strain on the duration of potential infectiousness and overall viral kinetics. The frequency of viral rebounds was quantified under multiple cycle threshold (Ct) value-based definitions.Results:Among individuals detected partway through their infection, 51.0% (95% credible interval [CrI]: 48.3–53.6%) remained potentially infectious (Ct <30) 5 days post detection, with small differences across variants and vaccination status. Only seven viral rebounds (0.7%; N=999) were observed, with rebound defined as 3+days with Ct <30 following an initial clearance of 3+days with Ct ≥30. High antibody titers against the founder SARS-CoV-2 strain predicted lower peak viral loads and shorter durations of infection. Among Omicron BA.1 infections, boosted individuals had lower pre-booster antibody titers and longer clearance times than non-boosted individuals.Conclusions:SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics are partly determined by immunity and variant but dominated by individual-level variation. Since booster vaccination protects against infection, longer clearance times for BA.1-infected, boosted individuals may reflect a less effective immune response, more common in older individuals, that increases infection risk and reduces viral RNA clearance rate. The shifting landscape of viral kinetics underscores the need for continued monitoring to optimize isolation policies and to contextualize the health impacts of therapeutics and vaccines.Funding:Supported in part by CDC contract #200-2016-91779, a sponsored research agreement to Yale University from the National Basketball Association contract #21-003529, and the National Basketball Players Association.
Comparison of Blood Cells Parameters and Complete Blood Count in Diabetic Patients: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Foroutan Majid , Nassaji Mohammad , Oruji Fatemeh 
Published: November 2022

Background and Aim: Diabetes is a type of metabolic disorder characterized by increased blood glucose, which is due to insulin resistance, insulin deficiency, or both. Changes in blood cell parameters in diabetes are controversial. The present study aimed to assess the blood cell parameters in diabetic patients compared to healthy individuals.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 540 cases (270 diabetic patients and 270 healthy individuals) over 20 years old who were referred to the clinics affiliated to Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran, in 2018. The complete blood count (CBC) parameters were assessed in both groups, and demographic information was also collected via questionnaires. All the analyses were performed in SPSS software (version 22).
Results: In terms of gender, the majority of participants (61.2%) were female. The white blood cell (WBC) count in diabetic patients was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.001), and the hemoglobin (HGB) level was significantly lower in diabetic patients (P=0.009). There was no significant difference in the level of other indices between diabetic and control groups. There was a significant difference between the gender of diabetic patients in HGB, red blood cell (RBC) count, and platelets (PLT) (P<0.001). Moreover, HBG and RBC were less in patients with longer diabetes duration (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The obtained results pointed to a statistically significant difference in some hematological parameters of diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic individuals. More studies are needed to clarify the causal relationship between diabetes and these indices.
Knowledge of Genome Sequencing and Trust in Medical Researchers Among Patients of Different Racial and Ethnic Groups With Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ni Hanyu , Jordan Elizabeth , Cao Jinwen , Kinnamon Daniel D. , Gottlieb Stephen S. , Hofmeyer Mark , Jimenez Javier , Judge Daniel P. , Kransdorf Evan , Morris Alanna A. , Owens Anjali , Shah Palak , Tang W. H. Wilson , Wang Jessica , Hershberger Ray E. 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceCardiovascular disease contributes outsized mortality in patients from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups. Understanding levels of trust in medical researchers and knowledge of genome sequencing may help identify barriers to research participation and develop strategies to educate patients about the role of genetics in cardiovascular disease.ObjectiveTo assess racial and ethnic differences in trust in medical researchers and genome-sequencing knowledge among patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and determine the association between trust in medical researchers and genome-sequencing knowledge.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study conducted by a consortium of 25 US heart failure programs included patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy defined as left ventricular systolic dysfunction and left ventricular enlargement after excluding usual clinical causes. Enrollment occurred from June 7, 2016, to March 15, 2020.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPercent distributions, means, and associations of genome-sequencing knowledge scores and research trust scores for Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black (hereafter referred to as Black), and non-Hispanic White participants (hereafter referred to as White).ResultsAmong 1121 participants, mean (SD) age was 51.6 (13.6) years with 41.4% Black, 8.5% Hispanic, and 43.4% female. After accounting for site effects, the level of genome-sequencing knowledge was lower in Hispanic and Black participants compared with White participants (mean score difference, −2.6; 95% CI, −3.9 to −1.2 and mean score difference, −2.9; 95% CI, −3.6 to −2.2, respectively). The level of trust in researchers was lowest in Black participants (mean score, 27.7), followed by Hispanic participants (mean score, 29.4) and White participants (mean score, 33.9). Racial and ethnic differences remained after adjusting for education, age at enrollment, duration of dilated cardiomyopathy, and health status. A higher level of trust was associated with a higher level of genome-sequencing knowledge within different racial and ethnic groups.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study, large racial and ethnic differences in levels of genome-sequencing knowledge and trust in medical researchers were observed among patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Findings from this study can inform future studies that aim to enhance the uptake of genomic knowledge and level of trust in medical researchers.