bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Protein Drug Targets of Biofilm Formation and Quorum
Sensing in Multidrug Resistant Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Kaushik Sanket , Yadav Jyoti , Das Satyajeet , Karthikeyan Divyapriya , Chug Ravneet , Jyoti Anupam , Srivastava Vijay Kumar , Jain Ajay , Kumar Sanjit , Sharma Vinay 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is an opportunistic multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen
found in the guts of humans and farmed animals. Due to the occurrence of (MDR) strain there is an
urgent need to look for an alternative treatment approach. E. faecalis is a Gram-positive bacterium,
which is among the most prevalent multidrug resistant hospital pathogens. Its ability to develop quorum
sensing (QS) mediated biofilm formation further exacerbates the pathogenicity and triggers lifethreatening
infections. Therefore, developing a suitable remedy for curing E. faecalis mediated enterococcal
infections is an arduous task. Several putative virulence factors and proteins are involved in the
development of biofilms in E. faecalis. Such proteins often play important roles in virulence, disease,
and colonization by pathogens. The elucidation of the structure-function relationship of such protein
drug targets and the interacting compounds could provide an attractive paradigm towards developing
structure-based drugs against E. faecalis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current
status, enigmas that warrant further studies, and the prospects toward alleviating the antibiotic resistance
in E. faecalis. Specifically, the role of biofilm and quorum sensing (QS) in the emergence of
MDR strains had been elaborated along with the importance of the protein drug targets involved in both
the processes.
Preclinical Evidence-based Review on Therapeutic Potential of
Eugenol for the Treatment of Brain Disorders
Authors: Goyal Ahsas , Solanki Ashutosh , Verma Aanchal 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
The increasing morbidness of brain disorders and conditions, such as anxiety,
stress, depression, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and others, have become
severe. Although researchers have spent a significant amount of time examining these
diseases and providing many benefits, there are still limited drugs available to treat
these disorders. Eugenol, a dietary component present in numerous plants and herbs,
possesses various health benefits. In various preclinical studies, eugenol has provided
significant protective effects against a variety of brain disorders. Thus, including eugenol
in the diet can fight various diseases and ensure a healthy life. Considering the fruitful
impact of this compound, this review focuses on the brain disorders in which eugenol
was used, and summarizes the beneficial properties of eugenol and its role in treating
various brain diseases.
Ursodeoxycholic Acid (UDCA) Reduces Hepatocyte Apoptosis by
Inhibiting Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) in Hemorrhagic Shock (HS)
Authors: Wang Lu , Rui Xi , He Huai-Wu , Zhou Xiang , Long Yun 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Hemorrhagic shock (HS) is the most common cause of
potentially preventable death after traumatic injury. Acute liver injury is an important
manifestation of HS. Apoptosis plays an important role in liver injury. Farnesoid X
receptor (FXR) can alleviate liver injury. This study aimed to examine the effects of
ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on hepatocyte apoptosis in HS and its relationship with
the FXR pathway.

Methods:
Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham group, HS group, HS +
UDCA group, and FXR (-) + HS + UDCA group. There were 6 mice in each group. As to
the model of HS, MAP of 40 ± 5 mmHg was maintained for 1 hour. As to UDCA
intervention, UDCA (300mg/kg) was given nasally. Real-time RT-PCR and Western
blotting were used to detect changes in the expression level of Caspase-3, Bax, LC3Ⅰ,
LC3Ⅱ, Bcl-2, and Beclin-1 in the liver. TUNEL assay was used to detect changes in
hepatocyte apoptosis.

Results:
The expression level of Caspase-3 and Bax in the liver decreased significantly
after treatment with UDCA under HS conditions. The expression level of LC3Ⅰ, LC3Ⅱ,
Bcl-2, and Beclin-1 in the liver increased significantly after treatment with UDCA under
HS conditions. TUNEL positive percentage of liver decreased significantly after
treatment with UDCA under HS conditions. In the case of FXR (-), the influence of
UDCA was inhibited.

Conclusions:
These results indicated that UDCA could reduce hepatocyte apoptosis
during HS through the FXR pathway.
An Exhaustive Compilation on the Synthesis of Heterocycles Pendant on
the Fatty Acid Alkyl Chains
Authors: Shaaban Mohamed R. , Farag Ahmad M. , Khormi Afaf Y. , El-sayed Refat , Farghaly Thoraya A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Fatty acids derived from oils and fats of different plant and animal resources are considered
one of the most valuable renewable precursors of the synthetic chemical and pharmaceutical
industries. On the other hand, heterocyclic compounds are well known nowadays by their constitution
of many commercialized drugs due to their unique biological activities. Combination between
fatty acids and heterocyclic compounds has made important advances in the construction of
valuable biologically relevant molecules in pharmaceutical industry. This review casts light on the
synthetic pathways for construction of the fatty acid-heterocycle hybrid up to date in a simple
classification and arranged manner.
Empowering Patients with Type 1 Diabetes through a Multidisciplinary
Team-assisted, Technology-Enabled Education Program
Authors: Kesavadev Jothydev , Sanal Geethu , Shijin Sajna , Krishna Viji , Basanth Anjana , Krishnan Gopika , Shankar Arun 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Carbohydrate counting is a tool that helps patients with type 1 diabetes
(T1D) to control their blood glucose. It calculates the bolus insulin dose needed from the total
amount of carbohydrates consumed at each meal. However, carbohydrate counting can be quite
challenging. The Diabetes Tele Management System® (DTMS®) is a telemedicine-based program
that enables the patient to interact directly with a professionally trained, multidisciplinary team
(MDT) of experts. This, along with technology-enabled education programs, could allow people
with T1D to achieve glycemic control.

Methods:
Fifty patients with T1D between 5 and 35 years with a diabetes duration of at least 6
months, baseline HbA1c of 7 or above, using SCII or MDI and willing to take part in the study
were invited to participate in an MDT-assisted technology-enabled program and trained trimonthly
on carbohydrate counting. The control group went on to perform carbohydrate counting independently
and used technologies at their convenience. The test group additionally received continuous
individual assistance from the MDT.

Results:
The MDT-assisted patients had significantly decreased HbA1c, blood glucose levels, decreased
episodes of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, and reported a more positive outlook on
life.

Conclusion:
Carbohydrate counting remains a challenge for youth with T1D, and errors in counting
can have a clinical impact. Our data suggested that the assistance from an MDT of experts was
associated with improved carbohydrate counting, which led to improved glycemic control and reduced
complications.
MTHFR Polymorphisms and Cardiac Parameters in Patients with Diabetic
Retinopathy
Authors: Alcântara João Otávio Scarano , de Assis Caroline Severo , Diniz Tainá Gomes , de Sousa Brito Vanessa Polyana , de Oliveira Yohanna , Silva Alexandre Sérgio , de Queiroga Evangelista Isabella Wanderley , de Lima Gomes Fagner Dayan , de Morais Gomes Enéas Ricardo , do Nascimento Valério Marcelo Vasconcelos , de Lima Rafaela Lira Formiga Cavalcanti , Persuhn Darlene Camati 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is directly associated with cardiovascular dysfunctions
and microvascular complications, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR). The association between
DR and increased risks of developing cardiovascular diseases has been described. The low
activity of the Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), an enzyme involved in the metabolism
of homocysteine, can lead to hyperhomocysteinemia that has already been related to cardiac
outcomes and resistance to insulin. The A1298C and C677T polymorphisms in the MTHFR can
reduce enzyme activity.

Objective:
The study aims to analyze the association between MTHFR genotypes and cardiac parameters
in patients with DR.

Method:
DM patients diagnosed with DR (n=65) were categorized and compared according to
MTHFR genotypes A1298C (AA and AC+CC groups) and C677T (CC and CT+TT) groups; biochemical,
cardiological, anthropometric, genetic, lifestyle and vitamin B9 and B12 consumption
variables. Fischer's exact test and Poisson regression were performed to assess the relationship between
variables.

Results:
Comparing echocardiographic and electrocardiogram parameters within genotypic groups,
we found a significant association between left atrial dilation and C677T polymorphism. Left atrium
diameter was higher in the T allele carriers (CT+TT group), with a prevalence ratio of 0.912.
This association was confirmed in the regression model, including confounding variables. The other
cardiac structural and functional parameters studied were not significantly associated with the
A1298C or C677T genotypes.

Conclusion:
The MTHFR C677T genotype may contribute to atrial remodeling in RD patients. We
found an association between the diameter of the left atrium and the T allele of the MTHFR C677T
polymorphism in patients with DR.
Therapeutic Effectiveness of Sesame Preparations and its Bioactive
Ingredients in Management of Cardiometabolic Syndrome in Diabetes
Mellitus: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mahmoodi Mohammad Reza , Abbasi Mohammad Mehdi 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
This systematic review aimed to appraise and recapitulate all research investigations
to elucidate the effects of Sesamum indicum preparations on managing the cardiometabolic
syndrome of Diabetes mellitus (DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods:
A systematic review was carried out in a Cochrane fashion and in compliance with the
PRISMA checklist using the published academic works in PubMed/MEDLINE, WOS, SCOPUS, and
EMBASE databases that were searched up to June 2021. Abstracts that met PICO criteria for qualitative
studies were duplicate reviewed for data extraction to assess the quality and details of the study.

Results:
Sesamum indicum preparations and its bioactive lignans, such as sesamin, sesamol, and
pinoresinol, were found to possess anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative,
anti-hypertensive, cardioprotective, and hepatoprotective effects both in patients with
T2DM as well as in experimental animal models with T1DM and MetS. The incorporation of sesame
oil as a natural adjuvant can be effective in improving vascular reactivity and aortic permeability,
reproductive parameters, and diabetic nephropathy, as well as modification of anthropometry
indices. Therefore, sesame oil and bioactive lignans as combination therapy with drugs can exhibit
synergistic effects and provide a favorable preference in clinical settings.

Conclusion:
Sesame oil and lignans present in it act in a dose-dependent manner. The best dosage
to improve risk biomarkers of patients with T2DM and MetS is 30-35 ml daily of sesame oil or inclusion
of sesame oil in daily dietary patterns up to 30% of total energy for 8-12 weeks and/or 200
mg daily of sesamin supplementation for eight weeks.
Mechanisms behind the Role of SIBO in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver
Disease: An Interplay between Liver, Gut Microbiota and Nutrition
Authors: Yiğit Aslı , Samur Gülhan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is known as the leading cause of chronic
liver disease in both children and adults. Increasing evidence suggests that dysbiosis of the intestinal
microbiota plays a key role in the regulation of various metabolic and inflammatory pathways,
which may result in the development of NAFLD. When normal liver physiology is impaired,
gut-derived factors may lead to increased tissue damage and inflammation. Small intestinal
bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is defined as a condition in which a large amount of intestinal
bacteria are present in the small intestine. The permeability of the intestinal barrier increases with
SIBO, resulting in an increase in bacterial translocation and endotoxemia. SIBO is assumed to
play a critical role in the development and progression of NAFLD. Therefore, this review focuses
on the mechanisms in which SIBO may play a role in NAFLD and possible nutritional management
strategies such as a low FODMAP diet, probiotics and prebiotics targeting SIBO and
NAFLD.
Nutrition Intervention for Undernourished Older Adults amid the
COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Fatmah Fatmah 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Older adults are vulnerable to disease exposure because of the agerelated
decrease in immune capacity. Older adults with macronutrient and micronutrient deficiencies
may have poor nutritional status and low immune responses, making them prone to
COVID-19 infection.

Objective:
This study aimed to assess the effect of orange almond potato cookie supplementation
on weight, hemoglobin, and albumin levels in undernourished older adults during the COVID-19
pandemic.

Methods:
A quasi-experimental study design was utilized in a cohort of 31 older adults. The subjects
consumed 50 grams of cookies per day for 4 weeks. The examination was performed to assess
the hemoglobin and albumin levels at pre- and post-study timepoints. Education about balanced
nutrition and anemia was provided throughout the study using leaflets, flipcharts, and videos.
The subjects were weighed weekly to assess compliance; cookies were distributed, and a
daily food consumption record was collected three times a week during home visits.

Results:
Weight, hemoglobin, and albumin levels increased by 0.4 kg, 0.1 points, and 1 point,
respectively. The difference was significant for weight, albeit nonsignificant for hemoglobin and
albumin levels. At the end of the study, participants’ knowledge regarding balanced nutrition and
anemia was statistically significantly different, as well as that of energy, carbohydrate, protein,
fat, vitamin C, and iron intake. Weight gain was found to be influenced by the total cookie consumption
(p < 0.035).

Conclusion:
Orange almond potato cookies increased the undernourished older adults’ weight
when consumed for 4 weeks.
Adolescent’s Experiences of Doula Companion during Childbirth: A Randomized
Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Abdoli-Najmi Leila , Sattarzadeh-Jahdi Niloufar , Nourizadeh Roghaiyeh , Molaei Golnaz , Mohaddes Mahnaz 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Adolescent pregnancy is considered a global health problem, and adolescent
mothers need to receive comprehensive support during labor and delivery.

Objective:
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of doula companions on the childbirth experience
of adolescent mothers.

Methods:
This trial study was conducted on 54 primigravid women under the age of 19 years referred
to the Taleghani educational-treatment center affiliated with Tabriz University of Medical
Sciences, Iran, from April to September, 2020. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention
(doula accompaniment) and control groups through block randomization using Random Allocation
Software with block sizes of 4 and 6. The data were collected using the demographic and obstetric
characteristics, Support and Control in Birth Questionnaire, Labor Agentry Scale, and the information
in the labor progress record. The data were analyzed using SPSS 24. Independent t-test
and ANCOVA were used.

Results:
The mean score of support and control in birth was 121 ± 14.55 in the intervention group
and 96.44 ± 15.8 in the control group (p <0.001). After intervention and adjusting the effect of support
and control in birth, no significant difference in childbirth experience was observed between the
two groups (AMD: 1.40, 95% CI: -2.25 to 5.07, p = 0.44).

Conclusion:
Considering the effectiveness of the doula companion in improving the support and control
in the birth of adolescent mothers, it is suggested to consider the doula support during labor and
childbirth as one of the interventions to improve the quality of maternal health care among adolescents.

Clinical Trial Registration Number:
IRCT20200628047944N1.
What is the Role of Tranexamic Acid in the Management of Postpartum
Haemorrhage? State of Art and Perspectives
Authors: Ferrari Filippo Alberto , Garz Simone Garzon , Cisotto Francesca , Uccella Stefano , Franchi Massimo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) complicates the postpartum up to 11% of deliveries
with different incidences based on geographical regions and is the first cause of maternal
deaths, accounting for 25% of cases. Tranexamic acid may play a role in the delicate postpartum
balance in case of PPH, inhibiting the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin and reducing the
degradation of fibrin. We analyze literature evidence and the possible role of tranexamic acid in
clinical practice and future scenarios.
A Systematic Review Comparing Lymphoscintigraphy and Magnetic
Resonance Imaging Techniques in the Assessment of Peripheral
Lymphedema
Authors: Quartuccio Natale , Agugliaro Federica , Alongi Pierpaolo , Sturiale Letterio , Arnone Gaspare , Corrao Salvatore 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Peripheral lymphedema represents a debilitating condition affecting the lymphatic
system of the limbs resulting from impaired drainage and excessive lymphatic fluid accumulation
in the interstitial spaces. Lymphoscintigraphy is the imaging modality of first choice to investigate
patients with peripheral lymphedema. Nevertheless, in recent times, magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) techniques have also been applied to assess patients with lymphedema.

Objective:
The present systematic review aims to appraise the evidence by providing a head-to-head
comparison between lymphoscintigraphy and MRI techniques in peripheral lymphedema.

Method:
A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed database and Cochrane
Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). The eligibility criteria for the articles to be included
in the qualitative synthesis were: 1) a study cohort or a subset of patients with a clinical diagnosis of
peripheral lymphedema (either upper or lower limb); 2) execution of both MR imaging and lymphoscintigraphy
in the same subset of patients. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed
by an investigator using the “Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies” tool, v. 2
(QUADAS-2).

Results:
Overall, 11 studies were ultimately included in the quantitative analysis. No meta-analysis
was performed due to the heterogeneous patient samples, the different study aims of the retrieved literature,
and the limited number of available articles. In the diagnosis of upper limb extremity
lymphedema, the sensitivity of MRI techniques appears superior to that of lymphoscintigraphy. Comparative
studies in the lower limbs are still scarce but suggest that MRI may increase the diagnostic
accuracy for lymphedema.

Conclusion:
The available literature on patients with lymphedema evaluated with both lymphoscintigraphy
and MRI does not allow definite conclusions on the superiority of one imaging technique over
the other. Further studies, including well-selected patient samples, are still necessary to compare the
accuracy of these imaging modalities. Since MRI techniques seem to provide complementary findings
to lymphoscintigraphy, it would be conceivable to acquire both imaging exams in patients with peripheral
lymphedema. Furthermore, studies evaluating the clinical impact of adding MRl to the diagnostic
workup are warranted.
Quality Control Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells During
Investigational New Drug Application for GvHD Administration in China
Authors: Wang Aitong , Zhang Leisheng , Zhao Meng , Yu Hao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), including the acute and chronic types (aGvHD, cGvHD),
arise as the dominating secondary disease in patients with unsatisfying consequences of allogeneic hematopoietic
stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Approximately half of GvHD patients were steroid-resistant,
with a two-year overall survival rate lower than 20%. Worse still, there are no standardized criteria for an
optimal second-line therapy for steroid-resistant aGVHD patients. Notably, pioneering investigators have
highlighted the ameliorative or therapeutic effects of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal
stem/stromal cells (hUC-MSCs) upon GvHD largely attributed to their unique hematopoietic-supporting
and immunomodulatory properties. Of note, quality control (QC) is the prerequisite to assure the safety
and quality of hUC-MSCs before investigational new drug (IND) applications and large-scale clinical
applications. Herein, we summarize the state-of-the-art updates upon IND-associated QC and clinical
trials of hUC-MSCs during allogeneic HSCT in China. Meanwhile, the supervisory policy and medical
ethics of current licensed MSC products for GvHD administration and the concomitant opportunities and
challenges have also been discussed.
Recent Advancements in Organotin(IV) Complexes as Potent Cytotoxic Agents
Authors: Devi Jai , Boora Ankit , Rani Manju , Arora Tanisha 
Published: May 2022

Background:Cancer cases have escalated by approximately 12% since1900 and incidence rate has increased faster for females than males. Cisplatin’s discovery in 1965 paved the way for the metal-based compounds as cancer therapeutics. Unfortunately, cisplatin and other platinum-based medicines causes severe side effects. Therefore, non–platinum metal complexes have been developed as alternative chemotherapy for cancer. Among non-platinum metal complexes, organotin’s are the most effective candidates in oncology due to their wide range of anticancer activity with relatively minimal toxicities towards healthy cells, better excretion from body and fewer side-effects than platinum drugs.Methods:Using DOI searching, advances made by organotin(IV) complexes coordinated with Sn–O, Sn–N and Sn–S as anticancer chemotherapeutic agents since 2018 have been summarized in this article. Chemical structure, in vitro antiproliferative activity in terms of IC50/EC50/LD50 are cumulated.Results:As reflected in this perspective, organotin(IV) complexes are found to induce high cell death via apoptosis and also several complexes demonstrated anticancer activity even higher than standard drugs.Conclusion:Undoubtedly, the organotin(IV) complexes could bring hope to morbidity and mortality of human being caused by fast spreading cancer in the whole world and can play an important role in drug discovery.