bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluations of the sixth phase of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project model performance on precipitation over Southeast Asia based on the moisture budget
Authors: Liu Senfeng , Raghavan Srivatsan V. , Nguyen Ngoc Son , Ona Bhenjamin Jordan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study evaluated the performance of the climatological precipitation over Southeast Asia using an ensemble of 48 global climate models/earth system models from the sixth phase of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) suite of experiments. Multi‐source observational data sets were used to evaluate the historical simulation data of the CMIP6 ensembles towards the semi‐year mean of precipitation during November–April (NDJFMA) and May–October (MJJASO). The results indicate that the CMIP6 models were able to reproduce the large‐scale monsoonal features. Precipitation is overestimated over most eastern ocean areas in NDJFMA and over most areas in MJJASO. In terms of the ensemble bias and inter‐model uncertainty, the diagnosis of moisture budget indicates the dominant item is the dynamic convergence and the other important items have dynamic advection and evaporation. The main types of pattern bias were examined through the inter‐model empirical orthogonal function analysis, which is correlated with the global sea surface temperature and moisture flux. The climatological evaluation yielded a higher pattern correlation and a lower root‐mean square error in NDJFMA than MJJASO. Most of the models have greater standard deviations among the spatial grids than observations, especially in NDJFMA. The models with higher resolutions showed a better performance than those with lower resolutions. A model performance index is defined for the convenient comparison, the best three models are CNRM‐CM6‐1, EC‐Earth3‐Veg and NorESM2‐MM, and the worst three are INM‐CM4‐8, AWI‐ESM‐1‐1‐LR and MCM‐UA‐1‐0. This evaluation study provided useful analytics in understanding model behaviour and processes related to rainfall mechanisms which could be further examined in high‐resolution downscaling experiments in future studies.
Bounding 2d functions by products of 1d functions
Authors: Dorais François , Hathaway Dan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGiven sets and a regular cardinal μ, let be the statement that for any function , there are functions and such that for all , . In , the statement is false. However, we show the theory (which is implied by + “” + “ω1 is measurable”) implies that for every there is a such that in some inner model, κ is measurable with Mitchell order .
Gene interaction analysis of psoriasis in Chinese Han population
Authors: Xu Qiongqiong , Zheng Xiaodong , Mao Yiwen , Chen Weiwei , Chen Shirui , Zhang Hui , Zhen Qi , Li Bao , Yong Liang , Ge Huiyao , Yu Yafen , Zhang Ruixue , Cao Lu , Cheng Hui , Wang Wenjun , Sun Liangdan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground/aimsPsoriasis is a chronic immune‐mediated inflammatory skin disease characterized by excessive proliferation of keratinocytes. It has a strong genetic predisposition; gene‐gene interactions are important genetic models for common diseases. In this study, we explore pair‐wise interactions among SNPs contributing to psoriasis susceptibility.MethodsWe first performed gene interactions with exome‐sequencing, next, we analyzed gene interactions combining the exome sequencing data with the targeted sequencing data. After we sequenced HLA region, we analyzed gene interactions including HLA regions and non‐HLA regions.ResultsWe found interactions between HLA regions were significant. We observed significant interactions between HLA‐C*06:02 and rs118179173 (snp31443520; p = 8.21 × 10−20, OR = 0.22) and between HLA‐C*06:02 and HLA‐B:AA67 (p = 1.22 × 10−12, OR = 0.45).ConclusionThis study provides evidence that HLA is the most important susceptibility region on the risk of psoriasis and interactions that occur in this region are still significant.
Finding quality in quantitative methods: The case of food forestry in the Netherlands
Authors: Roodhof Anna M. , Veen Esther J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn current nature valuation efforts, sociocultural values are often overlooked. Calls for the importance of including these values often advise to use a mixed‐method approach; however, restrictions concerning budget and time often prevent researchers from doing so. In this study we offer a compromise—a questionnaire that aims to capture sociocultural values of nature as closely as possible. It was created as part of the Dutch National Monitoring Programme Food Forests (Nationaal Monitoringsprogramma Voedselbossen [NMVB]), hence pertaining to food forestry (FF) in the Netherlands. We used three strategies. First, we reviewed literature on nature valuation frameworks to establish the constructs for the questionnaire, finding that the survey needs to be sensitive to a plurality of worldviews. Second, we consulted survey methodology to accommodate for this plurality and to minimize nonresponse and measurement error. Third, we tested the questionnaire extensively. Our final questionnaire combines closed‐ and open‐ended questions to examine sociocultural values from different angles to allow participants to elaborate on previously given answers in their own words and to captivate participants, prompting continued attentiveness. We believe that the questionnaire‐creation process can be inspiring to other researchers. Moreover, we call upon them to use our questionnaire and to continuously evaluate and revise it in the process.
Seismic vulnerability assessment of minor Italian urban centres: development of urban fragility curves
Authors: Sandoli A. , Calderoni B. , Lignola G. P. , Prota A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a novel hybrid-based methodology devoted to develop urban fragility curves and damage probability matrices to predict likelihood seismic damage scenarios for small and medium Italian urban centres, considering URM buildings only. The concept of urban fragility curve consists of a single curve mean-representative of the seismic fragility of an entire area accounting for the combinations of building classes and their percentage, then they differ from those typological. The methodology has been developed with reference to Rocca di Mezzo, a small Italian urban centre located in the central Apennine area, Italy. Based on CarTiS inventory, building classes have been firstly recognized and urban fragility curves, representative for damage scenarios at Ultimate Limit State, developed. To predict damage scenarios from low to high-intensity earthquakes, an approach to define multi-damage urban fragility curves and damage probability matrices has been also presented. To this aim, a damage scale suffered by building classes has been defined by converting the final outcomes of the AeDES form (used in Italy for post-earthquake surveys) in the damage levels provided by the European Macroseismic Scale (EMS98). Data coming from urban fragility curves have been compared with the actual damage scenario recorded in Rocca di Mezzo after the 2009 L’Aquila’s earthquake, in terms of both peak-ground acceleration and Mecalli-Cancani-Sieberg scale. The achieved results showed a good accordance between theoretical predictions and actual damage scenarios, coherent also with the damage scenarios occurred in other Italian historical centres hit by severe earthquakes over the years. Thus, the methodology can provide a first important indicator to support the development of emergently plans devoted to identify priority of interventions in such areas particularly vulnerable with respect to others.
Mutational spectrum of breast cancer susceptibility genes among women ascertained in a cancer risk clinic in Northeast Brazil
Authors: Felix Gabriela E. S. , Guindalini Rodrigo Santa Cruz , Zheng Yonglan , Walsh Tom , Sveen Elisabeth , Lopes Taisa Manuela Machado , Côrtes Juliana , Zhang Jing , Carôzo Polyanna , Santos Irlânia , Bonfim Thaís Ferreira , Garicochea Bernardo , Toralles Maria Betânia Pereira , Meyer Roberto , Netto Eduardo Martins , Abe-Sandes Kiyoko , King Mary-Claire , de Oliveira Nascimento Ivana Lucia , Olopade Olufunmilayo I. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
There is a paucity of data on the spectrum and prevalence of pathogenic variants among women of African ancestry in the Northeast region of Brazil.

Methods
We performed BROCA panel sequencing to identify inherited loss-of-function variants in breast cancer susceptibility genes among 292 Brazilian women referred to a single institution cancer risk assessment program.

Results
The study included a convenient cohort of 173 women with invasive breast cancer (cases) and 119 women who were cancer-free at the time of ascertainment. The majority of the women self-reported as African-descended (67% for cases and 90.8% for unaffected volunteers). Thirty-seven pathogenic variants were found in 36 (20.8%) patients. While the spectrum of pathogenic variants was heterogeneous, the majority (70.3%) of the pathogenic variants were detected in high-risk genes BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, and TP53. Pathogenic variants were also found in the ATM, BARD1, BRIP1, FAM175A, FANCM, NBN, and SLX4 genes in 6.4% of the affected women. Four recurrent pathogenic variants were detected in 11 patients of African ancestry. Only one unaffected woman had a pathogenic variant in the RAD51C gene. Different risk assessment models examined performed well in predicting risk of carrying germline loss-of-function variants in BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 in breast cancer cases.

Conclusion
The high prevalence and heterogenous spectrum of pathogenic variants identified among self-reported African descendants in Northeast Brazil is consistent with studies in other African ancestry populations with a high burden of aggressive young onset breast cancer. It underscores the need to integrate comprehensive cancer risk assessment and genomic testing in the management of newly diagnosed Black women with breast cancer across the African Diaspora, enabling improved cancer control in admixed underserved and understudied populations.
Identifying gender disparities in research performance: the importance of comparing apples with apples
Authors: Nygaard Lynn P. , Aksnes Dag W. , Piro Fredrik Niclas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMany studies on research productivity and performance suggest that men consistently outperform women. However, women and men are spread unevenly throughout the academy both horizontally (e.g., by scientific field) and vertically (e.g., by academic position), suggesting that aggregate numbers (comparing all men with all women) may reflect the different publication practices in different corners of the academy rather than gender per se. We use Norwegian bibliometric data to examine how the “what” (which publication practices are measured) and the “who” (how the population sample is disaggregated) matter in assessing apparent gender differences among academics in Norway. We investigate four clusters of indicators related to publication volume, publication type, authorship, and impact or quality (12 indicators in total) and explore how disaggregating the population by scientific field, institutional affiliation, academic position, and age changes the gender gaps that appear at the aggregate level. For most (but not all) indicators, we find that gender differences disappear or are strongly reduced after disaggregation. This suggests a composition effect, whereby apparent gender differences in productivity can to a considerable degree be ascribed to the composition of the group examined and the different publication practices common to specific groups. We argue that aggregate figures can exaggerate some gender disparities while obscuring others. Our study illustrates the situated nature of research productivity and the importance of comparing men and women within similar academic positions or scientific fields—of comparing apples with apples—when using bibliometric indicators to identify gender disparities in research productivity.
Who cares if we’re not fully real? Comments on Kris McDaniel’s The Fragmentation of Being
Authors: Eklund Matti 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn part ofThe Fragmentation of Being, Kris McDaniel discusses the possibility that we—persons—are not fully real, and the normative upshot of this. The broader metaphysical context is a view on which different things have different degrees of being and what is discussed is the possibility that persons do not have the maximal degree of being. McDaniel thinks that this has a problematic normative upshot: we would not matter. I do not agree. Here I go through some reasons for thinking that the possible metaphysical view discussed does not have the normative upshot that McDaniel thinks it has.
Relatively robust decisions
Authors: Weber Thomas A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIt is natural for humans to judge the outcome of a decision under uncertainty as a percentage of an ex-post optimal performance. We propose a robust decision-making framework based on a relative performance index. It is shown that if the decision maker’s preferences satisfy quasisupermodularity, single-crossing, and a nondecreasing log-differences property, the worst-case relative performance index can be represented as the lower envelope of two extremal performance ratios. The latter is used to characterize the agent’s optimal robust decision, which has implications both computationally and for obtaining closed-form solutions. We illustrate our results in an application which compares the performance of relative robustness to solutions that optimize worst-case payoffs, maximum absolute regret, and expected payoffs under a Laplacian prior.
Systematizing the lexicon of platforms in information systems: a data-driven study
Authors: Bartelheimer Christian , zur Heiden Philipp , Lüttenberg Hedda , Beverungen Daniel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhile the Information Systems (IS) discipline has researched digital platforms extensively, the body of knowledge appertaining to platforms still appears fragmented and lacking conceptual consistency. Based on automated text mining and unsupervised machine learning, we collect, analyze, and interpret the IS discipline’s comprehensive research on platforms—comprising 11,049 papers spanning 44 years of research activity. From a cluster analysis concerning platform concepts’ semantically most similar words, we identify six research streams on platforms, each with their own platform terms. Based on interpreting the identified concepts vis-à-vis the extant research and considering a temporal perspective on the concepts’ application, we present a lexicon of platform concepts, to guide further research on platforms in the IS discipline. Researchers and managers can build on our results to position their work appropriately, applying a specific theoretical perspective on platforms in isolation or combining multiple perspectives to study platform phenomena at a more abstract level.
An end-to-end data-driven optimization framework for constrained trajectories
Authors: Dewez Florent , Guedj Benjamin , Talpaert Arthur , Vandewalle Vincent 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Many real-world problems require to optimize trajectories under constraints. Classical approaches are often based on optimal control methods but require an exact knowledge of the underlying dynamics and constraints, which could be challenging or even out of reach. In view of this, we leverage data-driven approaches to design a new end-to-end framework which is dynamics-free for optimized and realistic trajectories. Trajectories are here decomposed on function basis, trading the initial infinite dimension problem on a multivariate functional space for a parameter optimization problem. Then a maximum a posteriori approach which incorporates information from data is used to obtain a new penalized optimization problem. The penalized term narrows the search on a region centered on data and includes estimated features of the problem. We apply our data-driven approach to two settings in aeronautics and sailing routes optimization. The developed approach is implemented in the Python library PyRotor.
Public Trust in Latin America's Courts: Do Institutions Matter?
Authors: De Micheli David , Taylor Whitney K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDespite the integral role of the judiciary to democracy, and the importance of judicial trust for judicial system performance, we know relatively little about the bases of public trust in this institution. How does institutional quality affect judicial trust? We explore this question in the context of Latin America, using a multilevel data set comprising survey data spanning 2001 to 2016 and country-level institutional and economic factors. We find that the effects of institutional quality on judicial trust are highly circumscribed. Factors like rule of law and corruption impact the judicial trust of only the best-educated survey respondents. Among the broader public, however, judicial trust is shaped more strongly by individuals' subjective economic and regime evaluations, as well as one's personal experiences with the judiciary.
Framing as an Information Control Strategy in Times of Crisis
Authors: Xia Shouzhi , Huang Huang , Zhang Dong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHow can authoritarian regimes effectively control information to maintain regime legitimacy in times of crisis? We argue that media framing constitutes a subtle and sophisticated information control strategy in authoritarian regimes and plays a critical role in steering public opinion and cultivating an image of competent government during a tremendous crisis. Using structural topic models (STM), we conduct a textual analysis of more than 4,600 news reports produced by seven Chinese media outlets during the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that Chinese media, instructed by the propaganda authorities, used a heroism frame to feature frontline medics’ sacrifices when saving others in need and resorted to a contrast frame to highlight the poor performance of the United States in the fight against COVID-19. We also show that both state and commercial media outlets used these two frames, though the tone of commercial media coverage was generally more moderate than the state media version.
Corporate Social Responsibility in the Niger Delta: Past, Present and Future Challenges
Authors: Tamuno Paul Samuel 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTMultinational oil companies adopted corporate social responsibility as a means of addressing the challenges of their relationship with the Niger Delta communities, which had been turbulent for several decades as a result of the ecological devastation of the Niger Delta region. This article analyses the challenges of implementing corporate social responsibility in the Niger Delta, from the inception of the Nigerian oil industry to the present day. Using the experiences of multinational oil companies in the Niger Delta as a case study, the article explores the extent to which multinational oil companies operating in developing countries are increasingly assuming roles that are not traditional corporate roles, to compensate for the bad governance and poor regulatory standards in these countries. The article also provides recommendations for what the Nigerian government can do to develop corporate social responsibility and make it more effective.
Barentsburg and Longyearbyen in times of socioeconomic transition: Residents’ perceptions of community viability
Authors: Olsen Julia , Vlakhov Andrian , Wigger Karin A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGeopolitical interventions since the end of the 1980s—such as the collapse of the Soviet Union, a decline in the activities of state-owned coal companies, and governmental initiatives to increase tourism activities—have affected the community viability of two main settlements on Svalbard: Barentsburg and Longyearbyen. This paper explores how the residents of these settlements (with different cultural backgrounds) perceive the effects of socioeconomic transitions on community viability. The analysis of qualitative interviews with residents of Barentsburg (n= 62) and Longyearbyen (n= 36) reveals the residents’ perceptions of the pace of the transition and the changing community composition. New types of commercial activities, such as tourism, contribute to local value creation and socioeconomic development but come with concerns grounded in community fluctuation, environmental protection, economic prioritisation, and power relationships. Compared to Longyearbyen, Barentsburg has undergone relatively minor demographic and social changes and remains stable in terms of culture, language, and management practices. We conclude that the viability of Longyearbyen and Barentsburg during the transition was affected by community dynamics and fluctuations, social relationships within and between communities, and local institutional practices.
The significance of formative assessment for pupils’ spiral progression in English lower secondary school group composing
Authors: Booth Nikki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe notion of the spiral for progression and development is familiar both in general educational discourse and in the domain of music education. This brief article considers the spiral within the context of lower secondary school group composing in England. Through the use of examples taken from two schools in the English midlands, it argues that formative assessment is a key process for enhancing spiral-like musical learning.
Impact of Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering on Extreme Precipitation and Temperature Indices in West Africa Using GLENS Simulations
Authors: Alamou E. A. , Zandagba J. E. , Biao E. I. , Obada E. , Da‐Allada C. Y. , Bonou F. K. , Pomalegni Y. , Baloitcha E. , Tilmes S. , Irvine P. J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study assesses changes in extremes precipitation and temperature in West Africa under a high greenhouse gas scenario, that is, a representative concentration pathway 8.5, and under a scenario of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering (SAG) deployment using the NCAR Community Earth System Model version 1. We use results from the Geoengineering Large Ensemble simulations (GLENS), where SAG is deployed to keep global surface temperatures at present day values. This impact study evaluates changes in some of the extreme climate indices recommended by the Expert Team Monitoring on Climate Change Detection and Indices. The results indicate that SAG would effectively keep surface temperatures at present day‐conditions across a range of indices compared to the control (CRTL) period, including Cold days, Cold nights and Cold Spell Duration Indicator which show no significant increase compared to the CRTL period. Regarding the extremes precipitation, GLENS shows mostly a statistically significant increase in annual precipitation and statistically significant decrease in the number of heavy and very heavy precipitation events relative to the CRTL period in some regions of Gulf of Guinea. In the Sahel, we notice a mix of statistically significant increase and decrease in Max 1‐day and Max 5‐days precipitation amount relative to the CRTL period at the end of the 21st century when large amounts of SAG has been applied. The changes in extreme precipitation indices are linked to changes in Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, NINO3.4 and Indian Ocean Dipole and these changes in extreme precipitation are driven by change in near surface specific humidty and atmospheric circulation.