bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interacting abiotic and biotic drivers shape woody invasions across Hawaiian forests
Authors: Craven Dylan , Chase Jonathan M. , Knight Tiffany M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe same features that generate native biodiversity patterns across and within oceanic islands over evolutionary time – climate, soil age, topography, and biotic interactions – also influence their vulnerability to biological invasions. Here, we identify the factors that shape the richness and abundance of alien woody species in forest communities across the Hawaiian archipelago, and assess the relative importance of abiotic, biotic, and anthropogenic factors and their interactions on the establishment and dominance of woody alien species. Using a database of 460 forest plots distributed across the six major Hawaiian islands, we examine variation ini) relative alien species richness and abundance as a function of abiotic and anthropogenic factors (e.g., temperature, aridity, soil age, and the human influence index) andii) establishment and dominance of alien species as a function of the same abiotic and anthropogenic factors, as well as phylogenetic and trait distinctiveness. We found that relative alien species richness and abundance were higher in areas where temperature was high and aridity low. Gradients in temperature, aridity, soil age, and human influence also modulated the importance of biotic factors in determining establishment of alien species. In contrast, whether these alien species could become locally dominant was not strongly influenced by abiotic or biotic factors, or their interactions. Our results suggest that environmental filtering mediates the strength of biotic filtering in determining where woody aliens are able to colonize and establish on these oceanic islands, but not whether they become dominant. The context dependence of multi-species invasions highlights the complexity of developing management strategies to mitigate the biodiversity and ecosystem impacts of biological invasions.
A systematic review on spectator behavior in esports: why do people watch?
Authors: Rietz Julia , Hallmann Kirstin 
Published: June 2022

PurposeEsports is rapidly growing in popularity and viewership. The study's purpose was threefold: (1) to provide a systematic review and synthesis of esports spectatorship research. (2) to provide a reference for the psychology of consumer behavior in esports live streaming and esports event attendance. (3) to deliver a clear picture of the factors that impact consumer behavior in esports online and on-site consumption.Design/methodology/approachThe study systematically reviews motivational aspects of online and on-site spectatorship using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA). SCOPUS and Google Scholar were selected as social science databases. Twenty-five papers met the inclusion criteria: (1) published between 2000 and 2022, (2) empirical investigation, (3) focus on online and/or on-site esports spectatorship/events. Five papers implemented randomization to assess common method bias.FindingsTwenty-five papers qualified for subsequent analysis. The papers were mostly quantitative. They included a theoretical framework and investigated online esports spectatorship. Significant antecedents for motivation to watch esports online and/or on-site were fanship, tension release, entertainment, escaping everyday life and unique features like chat and direct communication. No consensus was found concerning similarities or differences between online and on-site esports spectatorship and traditional sports spectatorship.Originality/valueThis research contributed to a new theoretical, methodological and practical agenda. A more comparative approach analyzing contextual, structural and demographic cues could lead to a holistic picture of esports spectator motivation.
The potential role of cultural heritage resources in tourism and community development at Musina municipality, Limpopo province, South Africa
Authors: Ramaano Azwindini Isaac 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThis study evaluates “the potential role of cultural heritage resources in tourism and community development at Musina Municipality, Limpopo, South Africa.”Design/methodology/approachData on the local communities were collected by questionnaire surveys, focus group discussions and field observations.FindingsThe study revealed a variety of cultural and heritage resources; however, with current fewer implications of tourism welfare on the livelihoods statuses of the communities. Thus, there was a need for a potentially sound tourism strategy in cultural heritage resources to empower the local communities in the study area.Originality/valueMusina Municipality has some of the most challenging impoverishment attributes within the province, defined by evident poor livelihoods. However, it remarkably possesses rich natural biodiversity and tourism destination areas. In line with the probe on the role of cultural heritage resources in tourism and community development, the study uncovers the values of attributing factors associated with the current nature of social heritage resources and their impacts on tourism and community developments. Issues of heritage and cultural resources on tourism and community development have become of main interest within the tourism industry.
Digital displacement of youth offending: addressing the issue
Authors: McCord Alex , Birch Philip , Bizo Lewis A. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
Global evidence suggests a potential displacement of youth offending from the physical to the digital landscape, requiring revision of existing detection and intervention methods. This study aims to explore pathways from harmful to illegal online activity perpetrated by young people, legislation and police perspectives, current detection methods and interventions.

Design/methodology/approach
This perspective paper examines issues observed within a larger systematic literature review on digital youth offending.

Findings
A trajectory from acceptable to harmful and subsequently illegal behaviour was identified, with a particular pathway from unethical video game activity to digitally dependent offending. Legislation and police perspectives vary by jurisdiction, with a common theme that increased officer education is key to the level of preparedness to investigate cases. Machine learning and automatic prevention show promise as detection and disruption processes, with education recommended for young people as a deterrent and redirection of skills to positive outcomes.

Research limitations/implications
Recommendations for further research include a broad survey of school students to include all identified areas of digital offending, which could drive the development of targeted education by law enforcement and partner agencies for young people.

Practical implications
The shift in youth offending requires the justice and educational systems to adjust how they respond to youth crime. Policy and practise shifts can include further exploration of investigative hacking, education for law enforcement and educational prevention and redirection programmes aimed at youth.

Originality/value
The digital displacement of youth offending is a progressively emerging concept. This paper examines the current state of response from educational and law enforcement agencies and discusses the next steps based on what is currently known.
The impact of leadership on perceived work-related stress in healthcare facilities organisations
Authors: Greco Emilio , Graziano Elvira Anna , Stella Gian Paolo , Mastrodascio Marco , Cedrone Fabrizio 
Published: June 2022

PurposeEmployees in the private, public, and third sectors have experienced an increase in stress over the years. Amongst the sectors, people working in hospitals and other healthcare facilities were put under severe stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Indeed, the World Health Organisation has clearly stated that defending people's mental health at this particular time of restless pandemic growth is an absolute necessity. The purpose of this article is to assess the perceived work-related stress (WRS) of healthcare workers (HCWs) as a result of the spread of COVID-19, as well as how a leadership role can help to reduce WRS.Design/methodology/approachBased on a multiple case study approach applied to two Italian health-care facilities, the questionnaire results were subjected to a regression analysis.FindingsThe results show an association in HCWs between the perception of supportive leadership and the perception of negative psychosocial risks whose exposure can lead to manifestation of WRS during COVID-19 pandemic.Originality/valueThe study addresses the role that the perception of supportive leadership can play in reducing exposure to occupational psychosocial risks in a sample of healthcare professionals.
Board characteristics, ownership concentration and SME IPO underpricing
Authors: Arora Nischay , Singh Balwinder 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This study aims to explore the moderating impact of governance structure, that is, board characteristics including board size, board independence, board committees and ownership structure like ownership concentration, on the underpricing of small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) initial public offerings (IPOs) in the context of an emerging economy such as India.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a sample size of 403 SME IPOs listed on Bombay Stock Exchange SME platform and National Stock Exchange EMERGE, this study uses moderated hierarchical regression analysis to investigate these relationships.

Findings
The findings highlighted that board independence, board committees and ownership concentration negatively influence underpricing measured using market-adjusted excess returns. While analysing the moderating relationship, this study finds that ownership concentration positively moderates the relationship between board independence and underpricing, as well as the relationship between board committees and IPO underpricing.

Research limitations/implications
This study is limited to a single country only. Although perfectly suitable for our research inquiry, it is imperative to check the validity of the findings by extending it to other emerging countries with similar socio-economic characteristics. Furthermore, this study tested the hypotheses concerning three board characteristics only. Hence, it could be extended to explore additional governance characteristics for a more comprehensive understanding.

Practical implications
This study provides a foundation for managers to adopt a fine-grained approach to effectively design the board structure ahead of an IPO event. Additionally, the findings may assist policymakers in formulating various policies and guide regulators in regulating the limit on ownership held by various shareholders to prevent their opportunism. The results of this study may further advise potential investors interested in SME IPO firms to critically consider the ownership concentration as a driving factor when scrutinizing their investment portfolios.

Originality/value
This study is unique as it advances the debate on the importance of a governance characteristic, that is, ownership concentration, as a moderating variable in the underexplored context of IPO underpricing of small- and medium-sized firms in India.
Efficacy of blended interactive educational resources in improving writing skills in a hybrid learning environment
Authors: Ironsi Chinaza Solomon 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This paper asserts that while educational resources are times effective in teaching students how to write, the format in which they are delivered can influence results. With this in mind, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of using educational resources in a blended format.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a mixed-method research design to elicit information from 70 participants recruited for this study. The researcher divided the participants into experimental and control groups where the researcher taught the control group writing skills in a hybrid learning environment without using educational resources while the experimental group used blended interactive educational resources. The researcher analyzed and interpreted the participants’ post-test scores and transcripts of the interviewees.

Findings
This study finds that blended interactive educational resources contribute significantly toward improving the students' writing skills; however, improvements were not found in all aspects of their writing.

Originality/value
This study unpacks the positive contributions of blended interactive educational resources in writing instruction. This study contributes to educational literature in showing that these resources may be effective in improving some aspects of writing text. This study adds to other corpora of studies that emphasize the importance of using educational resources for learning.
Multi-objective aerodynamic optimization design of high-speed maglev train nose
Authors: Yao Shuanbao , Chen Dawei , Ding Sansan 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe nose length is the key design parameter affecting the aerodynamic performance of high-speed maglev train, and the horizontal profile has a significant impact on the aerodynamic lift of the leading and trailing cars Hence, the study analyzes aerodynamic parameters with multi-objective optimization design.Design/methodology/approachThe nose of normal temperature and normal conduction high-speed maglev train is divided into streamlined part and equipment cabin according to its geometric characteristics. Then the modified vehicle modeling function (VMF) parameterization method and surface discretization method are adopted for the parametric design of the nose. For the 12 key design parameters extracted, combined with computational fluid dynamics (CFD), support vector machine (SVR) model and multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MPSO) algorithm, the multi-objective aerodynamic optimization design of high-speed maglev train nose and the sensitivity analysis of design parameters are carried out with aerodynamic drag coefficient of the whole vehicle and the aerodynamic lift coefficient of the trailing car as the optimization objectives and the aerodynamic lift coefficient of the leading car as the constraint. The engineering improvement and wind tunnel test verification of the optimized shape are done.FindingsResults show that the parametric design method can use less design parameters to describe the nose shape of high-speed maglev train. The prediction accuracy of the SVR model with the reduced amount of calculation and improved optimization efficiency meets the design requirements.Originality/valueCompared with the original shape, the aerodynamic drag coefficient of the whole vehicle is reduced by 19.2%, and the aerodynamic lift coefficients of the leading and trailing cars are reduced by 24.8 and 51.3%, respectively, after adopting the optimized shape modified according to engineering design requirements.
The influence of inputs in the information security policy development: an institutional perspective
Authors: Ording Lovisa Göransson , Gao Shang , Chen Weifeng 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate what role literature-based inputs have on the information security policy (ISP) development in practice.

Design/methodology/approach
A literature review is carried out to identify commonly used inputs for ISP development in theory firstly. Secondly, through the lens of institutional theory, an interpretive approach is adapted to study the influence of literature-based inputs in the ISP development in practice. Semi-structured interviews with senior experienced information security officers and managers from the public sector in Sweden are carried out for this research.

Findings
According to the literature review, 10 inputs for ISP development have been identified. The results from the interviews indicate that the role inputs have on the ISP development serves as more than a rational tool, where organisational context, institutional pressures and the search for legitimacy play an important role.

Research limitations/implications
From the institutional perspective, this study signifies the influence of inputs on ISP development can be derived from institutionalised rules or practices established by higher authorities; actions and practices that are perceived as successful and often used by other organisations; the beliefs of what is viewed as appropriate to meet the specific pressures from stakeholders.

Practical implications
This research recommends five practical implications for practitioners working with the ISP development. These recommendations aim to create an understanding of how an ISP could be developed, considering more than the rational functionalist perspective.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first of its kind in examining the role of literature-based inputs in ISP development in practice through the lens of institutional theory.
Using social media to understand constituent and follower opinions: impact of “low quality” on US Senator information gathering
Authors: Straus Jacob R. 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand why some US Senators have more low-quality followers than others and the potential impact of low-quality followers on understanding constituent preferences.Design/methodology/approachFor each US Senator, data on Twitter followers was matched with demographic characteristics proven to influence behavior. An OLS regression model evaluated why some Senators attract more low-quality followers than others. Then, observations on the impact of low-quality followers were discussed along with potential effects on information gathering and constituent representation.FindingsThis study finds that total followers, ideology and length of time on Twitter are all significant predictors of whether a Senator might attract low-quality followers. Low-quality followers can have wide-ranging implications on Senator’s use of social media data to represent constituents and develop public policy.Research limitations/implicationsThe data set only includes Senators from the 115th Congress (2017–2018). As such, future research could expand the data to include additional Senators or members of the House of Representatives.Practical implicationsInformation is essential in any decision-making environment, including legislatures. Understanding why some users, particularly public opinion leaders, attract more low-quality social media followers could help decision-makers better understand where information is coming from and how they might choose to evaluates its content.Social implicationsThis study finds two practical implications for public opinion leaders, including Senators. First, accounts must be actively monitored to identify and weed-out low-quality followers. Second, users need to be wary of disinformation and misinformation and they need to develop strategies to identify and eliminate it from the collection of follower preferences.Originality/valueThis study uses a unique data set to understand why some Senators have more low-quality followers than others and the impact on information gathering. Other previous studies have not addressed this issue in the context of governmental decision-making or constituent representation.
Preventing a series of unfortunate events: Using qualitative models to improve conservation
Authors: Clark‐Wolf T. J. , Hahn Philip G. , Brelsford Eric , Francois Jaleen , Hayes Nicolette , Larkin Beau , Ramsey Philip , Pearson Dean E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Biological organisms are increasingly being introduced and eradicated in an effort to maintain biodiversity and ecosystem function in the face of anthropogenic threats. However, these conservation actions can have unintended consequences to non‐target species. Careful vetting of these actions using ecological modelling tools could help predict and avoid unintended consequences.

Qualitative modelling tools, such as fuzzy interaction webs (FIWs), allow for qualitative rankings of community properties (e.g. interaction strength = high, medium, low) in combination with quantitative information to predict management outcomes. These tools have lower data requirements than strictly quantitative models, facilitating their use for communities lacking comprehensive parameterization. However, no studies have evaluated the efficacy of FIWs for predicting unintended consequences against empirically documented outcomes. Moreover, there is no process for systematically identifying which species to incorporate in community‐level conservation assessments to overcome model structure uncertainty. Finally, there is a need to make qualitative modelling tools more accessible for conservation practitioners.

We applied FIWs to the case study of lake trout introduction into Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park, to assess its ability to predict documented community‐level outcomes from an intentional species introduction. Next, we used the case study of the intentional red squirrel introduction to Newfoundland to show how a community assessment framework can help define the community interaction web needed for applying a FIW. Lastly, we introduced a user‐friendly web interface (https://matrix.mpgranch.com/#/) for applying FIWs to conservation questions.

We found that the FIW predicted previously documented directional changes in the abundance of community components relatively well in the Yellowstone Lake case study, even with minimal knowledge of the system. The community assessment framework provided a formal process for identifying community components for the Newfoundland case study, and the resulting FIW predicted documented unintended consequences. The user interface predicts realistic outcomes in our study system and allows managers to build and apply FIWs for conservation planning.

Synthesis and applications. Our community assessment framework and user interface can be used to apply FIWs to identify and avert potential unintended outcomes of species introductions and eradications for improved conservation management.
Filtration extraction method using a microfluidic channel for measuring environmental DNA
Authors: Fukuzawa Takashi , Kameda Yuichi , Nagata Hisao , Nishizawa Naofumi , Doi Hideyuki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe environmental DNA (eDNA) method, which is widely applied in biomonitoring, is limited to laboratory analysis and processing. In this study, we developed a filtration/extraction component using a microfluidic channel, the Biryu‐Chip (BC), and a filtration/extraction method, the BC method, to minimize the volume of the sample necessary for DNA extraction and subsequent PCR amplification. We tested the performance of the BC method and compared it with that of the Sterivex filtration/extraction method using aquarium and river water samples. We observed that using the BC method, the same concentration of extracted DNA was obtained with 1/20–1/40 of the filtration volume of the Sterivex method, suggesting that the BC method can be widely used for eDNA measurement. In addition, we performed on‐site measurements of eDNA within 30 min using a mobile PCR device, demonstrating that filtration and extraction can be performed easily and quickly using the BC method. The PCR results obtained using the BC method were similar to those obtained using the Sterivex method. The BC method requires fewer steps; therefore, the risk of DNA contamination can be reduced. When combined with mobile PCR, the BC method can be applied to easily detect eDNA within 30 min from the collection of water sample, even on‐site.