bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome analysis of intestine from alk-SMase knockout mice reveals the effect of alk-SMase
Authors: Zhu Jiang , Wang Lingqi , Guo Zhongwu , Zhang Tao , Zhang Ping 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
Intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase (alk-SMase) generates ceramide and inactivates platelet-activating factor associated with digestion and inhibition of cancer. There is few study to analyze the correlated function and characterize the genes related to alk-SMase comprehensively. We characterised transcriptome landscapes of intestine tissues from alk-SMase knockout (KO) mice aiming to identify novel associated genes and research targets.

Methods
We performed the high-resolution RNA sequencing of alk-SMase KO mice and compared them to wild type (WT) mice. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for the training group were screened. Functional enrichment analysis of the DEGs between KO mice and WT mice was implemented using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). An integrated protein–protein interaction (PPI) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) network was chose to study the relationship of differentially expressed gene. Moreover, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was further used to validate the accuracy of RNA-seq technology.

Results
Our RNA-seq data found 97 differentially expressed mRNAs between the WT mice and alk-SMase gene NPP7 KO mice, in which 32 were significantly up-regulated and 65 were down-regulated, including protein coding genes, non-coding RNAs. Notably, the results of gene ontology functional enrichment analysis indicated that DEGs were functionally associated with the immune response, regulation of cell proliferation and development related terms. Additionally, an integrated network analysis was shown that some modules was significantly related to alk-SMase and with accordance of previously results. We chose 6 of these genes randomly were validated the accuracy of RNA-seq technology using qPCR and 2 genes showed difference significantly (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
We investigated the potential biological significant of alk-SMase with high resolution genome-wide transcriptome of alk-SMase knockout mice. The results revealed new insight into the functional modules related to alk-SMase was involved in the intestinal related diseases.
Defining the impact of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio on patient survival with gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm: a retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Liang Wenquan , Xu Xinxin , Liu Yuhua , Cui Jianxin , Gao Yunhe , Wang Chuang , Zhuang Ziwei , Zhang Kecheng , Xi Hongqing , Cai Aizhen , Wei Bo , Chen Lin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm (g-NEN) is a rare but heterogeneous neoplasm, with an increasing incidence yearly. Conventional prognostic markers of g-NEN remain limited which could only be detected after surgery. There is an urgent need to explore new prognostic markers for g-NEN patients. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of platelet-to-lymphocyte, ratio (PLR) and the association between PLR and body mass index (BMI) in patients with gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (g-NEN).

Methods
A retrospective cohort of patients with g-NEN from January 2001 through June 2016 was examined. The prognostic significance of PLR was determined by multiple regression analysis in different models. Stratified analysis was performed to examine the prognostic value of PLR at different BMI levels.

Results
In total, 238 patients were enrolled. Those with higher PLRs tended to undergo open surgery, had larger tumor sizes, were diagnosed more frequently with neuroendocrine carcinoma, and had higher tumor grades. PLR was significantly associated with the survival of patients with g-NEN. With PLR increased per standard deviation, the all-cause mortality risk of patients with g-NEN increased by 67%, 63%, and 54% in the crude (HR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.32–2.12, P < 0.001), minimally adjusted (HR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.28–2.08, P < 0.001), and fully adjusted (HR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.202–1.98, P = 0.001) models, respectively. Patients with higher PLR (quartile 4, ≥ 187) had a 1.8-fold increase in all-cause mortality risk compared with those with lower PLR (quartile 1–3, < 187). Furthermore, there was a significant interaction effect between BMI subgroups and PLR in predicting the survival of patients with g-NEN (PLR regarded as a continuous variable: all P for interaction < 0.05 in the crude, minimally adjusted, and fully adjusted models; PLR regarded as a categorical variable: P for interaction < 0.05 in the fully adjusted model). Patients with g-NEN with the characteristics of higher PLR (quartile 4, ≥ 187) and non-obesity (BMI < 25 kg/m2) had worse survival than others (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
The inflammation marker PLR has an independent prognostic value for patients with g-NENs, and high PLR combined with non-obesity increases the mortality risk of these patients.
Factors predicting admission of psychiatric emergency contacts after presenting to the emergency department: results of a regression analysis
Authors: Kirchner Heribert , Schaefer Martin , Ullrich Heiko , Hulsmans Nik , Juckel Georg , Brzoska Patrick , Pajonk Frank-Gerald Bernhard 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Psychiatric emergency patients have great relevance in the interdisciplinary emergency department. Emergency physicians in this setting often have to make decisions under time pressure based on incomplete information regarding the patient’s further treatment. The aim of this study was to identify possible predictors associated with an increased likelihood of inpatient psychiatric admission.

Methods
A retrospective cross-sectional study of all psychiatric emergency contacts in an interdisciplinary emergency department (ED) of a general hospital in a large German city was conducted for 2015. A binary regression analysis was performed to identify possible predictors.

Results
In 2015, a total of 21421 patient contacts were reported in the emergency department, of which 1733 were psychiatric emergencies. Psychiatric emergency was the fourth most common cause presenting to the ED. The most common diagnosis given was mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of psychotropic substances (F1). Factors associated with an increased probability of inpatient psychiatric admission were previously known patients, patients under a legal care order (guardianship), and previous outpatient medical contact. No association for gender or age was found. Data demonstrated a negative relationship between a neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorder diagnosis and admission.

Conclusions
The present study shows some significant characteristics associated with an increased likelihood of emergency admission. Independent of the health care system, the predictors found seem to be relevant with regard to the probability of admission, when compared internationally. To improve the treatment of patients in emergency units, these factors should be taken into account.
The severity of moral distress in nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Salari Nader , Shohaimi Shamarina , Khaledi-Paveh Behnam , Kazeminia Mohsen , Bazrafshan Mohammad-Rafi , Mohammadi Masoud 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Moral distress is one of the most important problems that nurses face in their care of patients. Various studies have reported the frequency and severity of moral distress in nurses. However, to date, a comprehensive study that shows the results of these research across the world was not found, therefore due to the importance of this issue, its role in the health of nurses and patients, and the lack of general statistics about it worldwide, the present study was conducted to determine the frequency and severity of moral distress in nurses through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods
In this review study, searching national and international databases of SID, MagIran, IranMedex, IranDoc, Google Scholar, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus, CINHAL, PubMed, and Web of Science (WoS) between 2005 and February 2020 were extracted. The random-effects model was used for analysis, and the heterogeneity of studies with the I2 index was investigated. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (Version 2).

Results
The frequency of moral distress in 9 articles with a sample size of 1576 persons was 1.7 ± 0.5 from (0–4), in 13 articles with a sample size of 1870 persons, 3.07 ± 0.1 from (0–5), in 6 articles with a sample size of 1316 persons, 3.2 ± 0.29 from (0–6), in 18 articles with a sample size of 1959 persons, 4.6 ± 0.518 from (1–7) and in 35 articles with a sample size of 3718 persons, 81.1 ± 4.6 from (216–30), and the severity of moral distress in 4 articles with a sample size of 1116 persons, 1.7 ± 0.37 from (0–4), in 5 articles with a sample size of 1282 persons, 2.6 ± 0.28 from (0–5), in 5 articles with a sample size of 944 persons, 3.9 ± 0.63 from (0–6) and in 8 articles with a sample size of 901 persons was 82.3 ± 5.4 (0–216).

Conclusion
The results of this study showed that the frequency and severity of moral distress in nurses are high and are a serious problem in nurses. Therefore, policymakers in this field should consider its role in the health of nurses and patients.
Conflict, epidemic and faith communities: church-state relations during the fight against Covid-19 in north-eastern DR Congo
Authors: Kangamina Sadiki , Falisse Jean-Benoit , Baba Amuda , Grant Liz , Pearson Nigel , Way Yossa , Wild-Wood Emma 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding and improving access to essential services in (post)-conflict settings requires paying particular attention to the actors who occupy the space left ‘empty’ by weak or deficient State institutions. Religious institutions often play a fundamental role among these actors and typically benefit from high trust capital, a rare resource in so-called ‘fragile’ states. While there is a literature looking at the role faith organisations play to mobilise and sensitise communities during emergencies, our focus is on a different dimension: the reconfiguration of the relationship between religion and health authorities impelled by health crises.MethodsWe analyse observations, interviews, and focus group discussions with 21 leaders from eight different religious groups in Ituri province in 2020–2021.ResultsFaith institutions handled the Covid-19 lockdown period by using and redeploying structures at the grassroots level but also by responding to health authorities’ call for support. New actors usually not associated with the health system, such as revivalist churches, became involved. The interviewed religious leaders, especially those whose congregations were not previously involved in healthcare provision, felt that they were doing a favour to the State and the health authorities by engaging in community-level awareness-raising, but also, crucially, by ‘depoliticising’ Covid-19 through their public commitment against Covid-19 and work with the authorities in a context where the public response to epidemics has been highly contentious in recent years (particularly during the Ebola outbreak). The closure of places of worship during the lockdown shocked all faith leaders but, ultimately, most were inclined to follow and support health authorities. Such experience was, however, often one of frustration and of feeling unheard.ConclusionIn the short run, depoliticization may help address health emergencies, but in the longer run and in the absence of a credible space for discussion, it may affect the constructive criticism of health system responses and health system strengthening. The faith leaders are putting forward the desire for a relationship that is not just subordination of the religious to the imperatives of health care but a dialogue that allows the experiences of the faithful in conflict zones to be brought to the fore.
Characterization of an Entner–Doudoroff pathway-activated Escherichia coli
Authors: Kim Ye Eun , Cho Kyung Hyun , Bang Ina , Kim Chang Hee , Ryu Young Shin , Kim Yuchan , Choi Eun Mi , Nong Linh Khanh , Kim Donghyuk , Lee Sung Kuk 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Escherichia coli have both the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway (EMPP) and Entner–Doudoroff pathway (EDP) for glucose breakdown, while the EDP primarily remains inactive for glucose metabolism. However, EDP is a more favorable route than EMPP for the production of certain products.

Results
EDP was activated by deleting the pfkAB genes in conjunction with subsequent adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE). The evolved strains acquired mutations in transcriptional regulatory genes for glycolytic process (crp, galR, and gntR) and in glycolysis-related genes (gnd, ptsG, and talB). The genotypic, transcriptomic and phenotypic analyses of those mutations deepen our understanding of their beneficial effects on cellulosic biomass bio-conversion. On top of these scientific understandings, we further engineered the strain to produce higher level of lycopene and 3-hydroxypropionic acid.

Conclusions
These results indicate that the E. coli strain has innate capability to use EDP in lieu of EMPP for glucose metabolism, and this versatility can be harnessed to further engineer E. coli for specific biotechnological applications.
Factors associated with the periodicity of Loa loa microfilaremia in the Republic of the Congo
Authors: Campillo Jérémy T. , Louya Frédéric , Bikita Paul , Missamou François , Pion Sébastien D. S. , Boussinesq Michel , Chesnais Cédric B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Loa loa microfilariae circulate in the peripheral blood of human hosts following a diurnal periodicity, with maximal microfilaremia levels generally observed between 10:00 am and 3:00 pm. Few studies have assessed factors potentially associated with this periodicity.

Methods
Microfilaremia data were collected repeatedly between 9:00 am and 8:00 pm from 13 individuals in the Republic of the Congo. Using local polynomial regression (LOESS), we determined the best models representing the dynamics of microfilaremia over this period. In a second step, using cosinor models, we evaluated the influence of sex, age, and body temperature on the periodicity of L. loa microfilaremia in blood.

Results
All subjects reached their maximum microfilaremia between 10:00 am and 4:00 pm. Individual microfilaremia showed different patterns between individuals, and some clearly showed multiple peaks within a day. LOESS provided a good fit to the observed data. Without adjustment, the maximum microfilarial density was reached around 11:00 am. Adjustment revealed three distinct modes of microfilaremia, occurring around 10:00 am, 1:00 pm, and 4:00 pm. Cosinor models also provided good fit to our data. After adjustment on body temperature, the L. loa microfilaremia fluctuation amplitude decreased significantly from 1684.8 to 310.6 microfilariae(mf)/ml and the predicted peak was estimated at 12:02 pm.

Conclusions
We characterized the periodicity of L. loa microfilaremia mathematically with two different approaches: cosinor models and LOESS regression. Both models suggest that body temperature plays a role in the variation in microfilaremia within a day. Further studies are needed to identify individual co-factors affecting microfilaremia.

Graphical Abstract
Anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 encephalitis: two case reports and a review of the literature
Authors: Karvigh Sanaz Ahmadi , Salehizadeh Saeideh , Vahabizad Fahimeh 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 encephalitis is a newly emerged entity characterized by frequent faciobrachial dystonic seizures and a wide spectrum of subacute clinical symptoms such as other seizure types, mood and behavioral changes, and memory loss. We should be aware of differentiating this diagnosis from psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Mesial temporal, limbic structures, and basal ganglia are the most commonly involved regions.

Case presentation
Here we review the available data, and report on two young Iranian (White) females, 24 and 18 years old, who represent distinct aspects of the disease. The clinical presentation and degree of tissue involvement varies to some extent in the two reported cases. Case 1 had prominent neuropsychiatric symptoms and suffered from frequent faciobrachial dystonic seizures with more significant basal ganglia involvement, whereas case 2 suffered from severe memory decline and dialeptic seizures along with mesial temporal involvement. Symptoms were refractory to usual treatment and prompt immunotherapy was needed.

Conclusions
This disease has a rather favorable outcome provided that treatment is initiated early. However, resistance to first-line treatment, relapses, and long-term complications highlight the need to establish reliable biomarkers to distinguish different subtypes of this disorder to predict the clinical outcome and prognosis, and to refine management.
Afrormosin exerts an anticancer effect via MAPK and AKT signaling pathways in B16F10 cells
Authors: Kim Huiji , Han Minjoo , Shin Seong-Ah , An Jangeun , Ahn Mi-Jeong , Lee Jun Hyuck , Park Hyun Ho , Lee Chang Sup 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMelanoma is a deadly skin cancer with high mortality, and its incidence is increasing every year. Although numerous anticancer drugs have been developed, these treatments have various side effects, such as skin rash, fatigue, diarrhea, cough, and muscle pain. Therefore, there is a need for research on novel anticancer drugs with low cytotoxicity and few side effects. In this study, we investigated whether afrormosin (7-hydroxy-4′,6-dimethoxyisoflavone), a member of the isoflavonoid family, could have the potential as a novel anticancer drug. Afrormosin decreased the viability of B16F10 melanoma cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. We also found that the afrormosin-induced decrease in cell viability was caused by the reduction of cell proliferation through Go/G1 arrest and the induction of apoptosis in B16F10 melanoma cells. Furthermore, afrormosin decreased the metastatic activity (cell invasion and migration) of B16F10 melanoma cells. At the molecular level, afrormosin reduced the levels of Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein, and augmented the levels of Bax, a pro-apoptotic protein, and p53, a tumor suppressor. Additionally, procaspase-3 levels were reduced by afrormosin treatment. When we examined the signaling pathways affected by afrormosin, we found that the AKT/ERK pathways were inhibited and the p38/JNK pathway was activated by afrormosin. Collectively, these results suggest the potential anticancer effect of afrormosin, making it a prospective candidate for development as an anticancer drug.
Dysregulation of neuroprotective astrocytes, a spectrum of microglial activation states, and altered hippocampal neurogenesis are revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing in prion disease
Authors: Slota Jessy A. , Sajesh Babu V. , Frost Kathy F. , Medina Sarah J. , Booth Stephanie A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPrion diseases are neurodegenerative disorders with long asymptomatic incubation periods, followed by a rapid progression of cognitive and functional decline culminating in death. The complexity of intercellular interactions in the brain is challenging to unravel and the basis of disease pathobiology remains poorly understood. In this study, we employed single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) to produce an atlas of 147,536 single cell transcriptomes from cortex and hippocampus of mice infected with prions and showing clinical signs. We identified transcriptionally distinct populations and sub-populations of all the major brain cell-types. Disease-related transcription was highly specific to not only overarching cell-types, but also to sub-populations of glia and neurons. Most striking was an apparent decrease in relative frequency of astrocytes expressing genes that are required for brain homeostasis such as lipid synthesis, glutamate clearance, synaptic modulation and regulation of blood flow. Additionally, we described a spectrum of microglial activation states that suggest delineation of phagocytic and neuroinflammatory functions in different cell subsets. Differential responses of immature and mature neuron populations were also observed, alongside abnormal hippocampal neurogenesis. Our scRNAseq library provides a new layer of knowledge on single cell gene expression in prion disease, and is a basis for a more detailed understanding of cellular interplay that leads to neurodegeneration.
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in Chile: The Impact of Combined CHOP Plus Rituximab in the Public Health System
Authors: Cabrera María Elena , Peña Camila , Leon Pilar , Lois Vivianne , Rojas Hernán , Vega Valeska , Pizarro Alvaro , Calderon Susana , Rojas Christine , Aspillaga Augusto , Gonzalez M. Luisa , Intriago Marvila , Rojas Bernardita , Hales Cecilia , Oliva Jacqueline , Romero Mónica , Capurro Marisa , Castillo Jorge J. 
Published: November 2022

PURPOSE Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoma subtype. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical features, prognostic factors, and results of DLBCL that was treated in the cancer centers of the public health system in Chile and compare cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) with rituximab with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients age > 15 years who were treated in 18 cancer centers in the country between 2001 and 2017 were included. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate overall survival (OS), and Cox proportional hazard regression modeling was used to evaluate the effect of the addition of rituximab to CHOP on OS. RESULTS A total of 1,807 patients were evaluated. The median age at diagnosis was 62 (range, 15-95) years, with a female predominance (53%). Half of the patients were age ≥ 60 years. Serology for HIV infection was positive in 5% of cases (96 cases). International Prognostic Index scores were available for 90% of patients, of which 45% had low-risk, 25% low-intermediate-risk, 18% high-intermediate-risk, and 11% high-risk scores. CHOP was administered to 986 patients (55%; median follow-up, 13.2 years) and R-CHOP to 821 patients (45%; median follow-up, 8.4 years). R-CHOP was associated with superior OS compared with CHOP (5-year 66% v 48%, and 10-year 53% v 35%; P < .001). CONCLUSION Rituximab improved the survival of patients with DLBCL diagnosed and treated in Chile. The benefit was sustained over time, with curative rates of > 50%. This intervention shows that the inclusion of this biological drug justified the expenses incurred by the Ministry of Health in the National Lymphoma Protocols in Chile.