bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rational Design of a New AIE‐Coupled ESIPT‐Based Multi‐chromic State Depended Organo‐luminophore WithTurn‐onEmissive Response to Zn(II) in Aqueous and Solid‐state**
Authors: Mondal Asit , Ahmmed Ejaj , Ball Biswajit , Chattopadhyay Pabitra 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA newly designed multifunctional AIE‐coupled excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT)‐active asymmetric multichromicfluorophor (MCF) has been synthesized and characterized. From tedious experimental spectroscopic dissection of the photophysical properties ofMCFand two supporting compounds, (3‐benzotriazol‐2‐yl‐2‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐benzaldehyde) (R1) and (2‐benzotriazol‐2‐yl‐4‐methyl‐phenol)(R2)with theoretical discussion, it has been established that ESIPT was driven exclusively towards triazole N centre involving a 6‐member H‐bonded network over imine‐N center in both solid state and solution phase. The competition of aggregation enhanced emissive feature and ACQ (aggregation caused quenching) nature ofMCFwere also studied thoroughly in the THF/water mixture. New classes of mechanisms are introduced regarding AIE/ACQ phenomenon, which will eradicate the limitation of designing and development of novel solid state emitters. To the best of our knowledge, this unique feature has never been achieved before. Furthermore, reversible mechanochromic fluorescence behavior upon external grinding and acidochromism nature ofMCFas acid‐base switch has also been observed. In addition,MCFselectively senses Zn2+ion through a colorimetric and fluorescence “turn‐on” route. The actual binding site of Zn2+withMCFhas also been established with the help of spectroscopic studies. The present study will enlighten for a new way to achieve new multifunctional organic luminescent solids.
Behavioral Economics in Military Personnel Research and Policy
Authors: Sylvester Benjamin , O’Keefe Damian , Gooch Steve , Kalantzis Eugenia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBehavioral economics is a burgeoning field of research that is being used to increase the effectiveness of military policies, programs, and operations. This chapter provides an overview of the origins of behavioral economics, key concepts, how behavioral economics research translates into applied behavioral change, and the rise of behavioral economics teams in government around the world. The chapter outlines how behavioral economics is being used within the military, with specific examples from Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) personnel research to illustrate how this field is being applied to military behavioral sciences.
Students or medical professionals: whose knowledge improved after social-medicine training? Results from a quasi-experimental evaluation study
Authors: Muschalla Beate , Baron Stefanie , Klevers Theresa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Rehabilitation professionals are faced with judging and describing the social-medicine status of their patients. Rehabilitation professionals must know the core concepts of acute unfitness for work, psychological capacities, and long-term work capacity. Acquiring and applying this knowledge, requires training. The research question is if and to what extent medical professionals and students’ knowledge changes after social medicine training.

Methods
This quasi-experimental study was carried out in the real-life context of social medicine training. Psychology students (n = 42), physicians/psychotherapists (i.e. state-licensed health professionals) (n = 44) and medical assistant professionals (n = 29) were trained. Their social medicine knowledge was measured before and after training by a 10-min expert-approved and content valid knowledge questionnaire. Three free-text questions had to be answered on the essential aspects of present and prognostic work ability and psychological capacities. Answers were rated for correctness by two experts. Paired t tests and variance analysis have been calculated for group comparisons.

Results
All groups improved their social medicine knowledge from the pre- to the post-test. The students started with the lowest level of knowledge in the pre-test. After training, 69% of the physicians/psychotherapists and 56.8% of the medical assistant professionals, but only 7% of the students, obtained maximum scores for naming psychological capacities.

Conclusions
Social medicine knowledge increased after a training course consisting of eight lessons. The increase was greater for medical assistant professionals and physicians/psychotherapists than for students. Social medicine training must be adjusted to the trainee groups’ knowledge levels.
Effects of methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity on striatal long-term potentiation
Authors: Gibson Anne S. , West Peter J. , Keefe Kristen A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Rationale
Methamphetamine (METH) exposure is associated with damage to central monoamine systems, particularly dopamine signaling. Rodent models of such damage have revealed a decrease in the amplitude of phasic dopamine signals and significant striatal dysfunction, including changes in the molecular, system, and behavioral functions of the striatum. Dopamine signaling through D1 receptors promotes corticostriatal long-term potentiation (LTP), a critical substrate of these striatal functions.

Objectives
Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if METH-induced dopamine neurotoxicity would impair D1 receptor-dependent striatal LTP in mice.

Methods
Mice were treated with a METH binge regimen (4 × 10 mg/kg d,l-methamphetamine, s.c.) that recapitulates all of the known METH-induced neurotoxic effects observed in humans, including dopamine toxicity. Three weeks later, acute brain slices containing either the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) or dorsolateral striatum (DLS) were prepared, and plasticity was assessed using white matter, high-frequency stimulation (HFS), and striatal extracellular electrophysiology.

Results
Under these conditions, LTP was induced in brain slices containing the DMS from saline-pretreated mice, but not mice with METH-induced neurotoxicity. Furthermore, the LTP observed in DMS slices from saline-pretreated mice was blocked by the dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH23390, indicating that this LTP is dopamine D1 receptor-dependent. Finally, acute in vivo treatment of METH-pretreated mice with bupropion (50 mg/kg, i.p.) promoted LTP in DMS slices.

Conclusions
Together, these studies demonstrate that METH-induced neurotoxicity impairs dopamine D1 receptor-dependent LTP within the DMS and that the FDA-approved drug bupropion restores induction of striatal LTP in mice with METH-induced dopamine neurotoxicity.
Rozansky–Witten Theory, Localised Then Tilted
Authors: Qiu Jian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe paper has two parts, in the first part, we apply the localisation technique to the Rozansky–Witten theory on compact hyperkähler targets. We do so via first reformulating the theory as some supersymmetric sigma-model. We obtain the exact formula for the partition function with Wilson loops on $$S^1\times \Sigma _g$$

S
1

×

Σ
g

and the lens spaces, the results match with earlier computations using Feynman diagrams on K3. The second part is motivated by a very curious paper (Gukov in J Geom Phys 168, 104311, 2021), where the equivariant index formula for the dimension of the Hilbert space of the Rozansky–Witten theory is interpreted as a kind of Verlinde formula. In this interpretation, the fixed points of the target hyperkähler geometry correspond to certain ‘states’. We extend the formalism of part one to incorporate equivariance on the target geometry. For certain non-compact hyperkähler geometry, we can apply the tilting theory to the derived category of coherent sheaves, whose objects label the Wilson loops, allowing us to pick a basis for the latter. We can then compute the fusion products in this basis and we show that the objects that have diagonal fusion rules are intimately related to the fixed points of the geometry. Using these objects as basis to compute the dimension of the Hilbert space leads back to the Verlinde formula, thus answering the question that motivated the paper.
Value of ultra-high field MRI in patients with suspected focal epilepsy and negative 3 T MRI (EpiUltraStudy): protocol for a prospective, longitudinal therapeutic study
Authors: van Lanen R. H. G. J. , Wiggins C. J. , Colon A. J. , Backes W. H. , Jansen J. F. A. , Uher D. , Drenthen G. S. , Roebroeck A. , Ivanov D. , Poser B. A. , Hoeberigs M. C. , van Kuijk S. M. J. , Hoogland G. , Rijkers K. , Wagner G. L. , Beckervordersandforth J. , Delev D. , Clusmann H. , Wolking S. , Klinkenberg S. , Rouhl R. P. W. , Hofman P. A. M. , Schijns O. E. M. G. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose

Resective epilepsy surgery is a well-established, evidence-based treatment option in patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy. A major predictive factor of good surgical outcome is visualization and delineation of a potential epileptogenic lesion by MRI. However, frequently, these lesions are subtle and may escape detection by conventional MRI (≤ 3 T).

Methods
We present the EpiUltraStudy protocol to address the hypothesis that application of ultra-high field (UHF) MRI increases the rate of detection of structural lesions and functional brain aberrances in patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy who are candidates for resective epilepsy surgery. Additionally, therapeutic gain will be addressed, testing whether increased lesion detection and tailored resections result in higher rates of seizure freedom 1 year after epilepsy surgery. Sixty patients enroll the study according to the following inclusion criteria: aged ≥ 12 years, diagnosed with drug-resistant focal epilepsy with a suspected epileptogenic focus, negative conventional 3 T MRI during pre-surgical work-up.

Results
All patients will be evaluated by 7 T MRI; ten patients will undergo an additional 9.4 T MRI exam. Images will be evaluated independently by two neuroradiologists and a neurologist or neurosurgeon. Clinical and UHF MRI will be discussed in the multidisciplinary epilepsy surgery conference. Demographic and epilepsy characteristics, along with postoperative seizure outcome and histopathological evaluation, will be recorded.

Conclusion
This protocol was reviewed and approved by the local Institutional Review Board and complies with the Declaration of Helsinki and principles of Good Clinical Practice. Results will be submitted to international peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences.

Trial registration number
www.trialregister.nl: NTR7536.
Impacts of elicitors on metabolite production and on antioxidant potential and tyrosinase inhibition in watercress microshoot cultures
Authors: Klimek-Szczykutowicz Marta , Dziurka Michał , Blažević Ivica , Đulović Azra , Apola Anna , Ekiert Halina , Szopa Agnieszka 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The study has proved the stimulating effects of different strategies of treatments with elicitors on the production of glucosinolates (GSLs), flavonoids, polyphenols, saccharides, and photosynthetic pigments in watercress (Nasturtium officinale) microshoot cultures. The study also assessed antioxidant and anti-melanin activities. The following elicitors were tested: ethephon (ETH), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), sodium salicylate (NaSA), and yeast extract (YeE) and were added on day 10 of the growth period. Cultures not treated with the elicitor were used as control. The total GSL content estimations and UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS analyses showed that elicitation influenced the qualitative and quantitative profiles of GSLs. MeJA stimulated the production of gluconasturtiin (68.34 mg/100 g dried weight (DW)) and glucobrassicin (65.95 mg/100 g DW). The elicitation also increased flavonoid accumulation (max. 1131.33 mg/100 g DW, for 100 μM NaSA, collection after 24 h). The elicitors did not boost the total polyphenol content. NaSA at 100 μM increased the production of total chlorophyll a and b (5.7 times after 24 h of treatment), and 50 μM NaSA caused a 6.5 times higher production of carotenoids after 8 days of treatment. The antioxidant potential (assessed with the CUPRAC FRAP and DPPH assays) increased most after 24 h of treatment with 100 μM MeJA. The assessment of anti-melanin activities showed that the microshoot extracts were able to cause inhibition of tyrosinase (max. 27.84% for 1250 µg/mL).

Key points
• Elicitation stimulated of the metabolite production in N. officinale microshoots.
• High production of pro-health glucosinolates and polyphenols was obtained.
• N. officinale microshoots have got tyrosinase inhibition potential.
• The antioxidant potential of N. officinale microshoots was evaluated.

Graphical abstract
Safety, antitumor activity and biomarkers of sugemalimab in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors or lymphomas: results from the first-in-human phase 1 trial
Authors: Gong Jifang , Cao Junning , Zhang Qingyuan , Xu Nong , Zhao Yanqiu , Xing Baocai , Miao Zhanhui , Wu Yilong , Pan Hongming , Gao Quanli , Li Xingya , Liu Baorui , Li Wei , Pei Zhidong , Xia Hongqiang , Qi Qinzhou , Dai Hangjun , Shi Qingmei , Yang Jianxin , Li Jin , Shen Lin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
This first-in-human phase 1 trial is to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, preliminary efficacy, and biomarkers of sugemalimab, a full-length, fully human anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody, in Chinese patients with advanced malignancies.

Methods
Eligible patients with unresectable advanced or metastatic solid tumors or lymphomas were enrolled in phase 1a to receive sugemalimab following a modified 3 + 3 design. The primary endpoints included safety, tolerability, and the recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D). In phase 1b, patients with 7 selected types of tumor received sugemalimab at the RP2D alone (monotherapy cohorts) or in combination with standard-of-care (SOC) chemotherapy (combination cohorts). The primary endpoint of phase 1b was investigator-assessed objective response rate (ORR).

Results
As of 19 February 2020, 29 and 178 patients were treated in phase 1a and 1b, respectively. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed in phase 1a, and the RP2D of sugemalimab was determined as 1200 mg fixed dose once every 3 weeks. Sugemalimab-related adverse events (AEs) were mostly (75.9%) grade 1–2 in phase 1a. Antitumor activity was observed across dose levels with an ORR of 24.1%. In phase 1b, 15.9% and 40.4% of patients in the monotherapy and combination cohorts, respectively, reported grade 3–5 sugemalimab-related AEs. Promising efficacy was observed in all combination cohorts, with ORRs ranging from 47.6 to 75.0%. Exploratory biomarker analysis did not indicate significant differences in responses at different PD-L1 expression/tumor mutation burden levels.

Conclusions
Sugemalimab was well-tolerated and showed promising antitumor activity as monotherapy or in combination with SOC chemotherapy in advanced malignancies.
This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on Oct 18, 2017, number NCT03312842.
Roux‐en‐Y Versus One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass as Redo‐Operations Following Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Rheinwalt Karl Peter , Schipper Sandra , Plamper Andreas , Alizai Patrick Hamid , Trebicka Jonel , Brol Maximilian Joseph , Kroh Andreas , Schmitz Sophia , Parmar Chetan , Neumann Ulf Peter , Ulmer Tom Florian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAim of this study was to improve knowledge about the best conversional bariatric procedure following sleeve gastrectomy (SG).MethodsData of conversional Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and of one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) after SG were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. Weight loss parameters, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and comorbidities outcomes were recorded.ResultsTotal of 123 patients (90 female, mean age 44 ± 0.9 years, mean body mass index (BMI) 42 ± 0.8 kg/m2) had either RYGB (n = 68) or OAGB (n = 55). Perioperative mortality was zero. Mean surgery time was significantly shorter for OAGB (168 ± 7.2 vs. 201 ± 6.8 min). Perioperative complication rates were not significantly (ns) different between RYGB and OAGB. Total body weight loss (TBWL) in RYGB and OAGB was 18 ± 2.2% and 18 ± 1.9% (12 months) and 18 ± 3.0% and 23 ± 2.6% (24 months; ns), respectively. Length of (individualized) biliopancreatic limb (BPL) correlated significantly with weight loss. Remission rates after 12 months of RYGB and OAGB for arterial hypertension (aHt) were 89% and 92%, for obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS) 56% and 82%, for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) 100% and 92%, for osteoarthritis 64% and 85% and for GERD 89% versus 87% (ns), respectively. Nutritional deficiencies were comparable in RYGB (n = 11) and OAGB (n = 14) group (ns).ConclusionBoth RYGB and OAGB are effective conversional procedures after SG, leading to comparable TBWL, BMI‐loss and high remission rates of comorbidities including GERD. Significantly shorter operation times were in favor of OAGB. BPL, which was longer in OAGB was significantly related to higher %TBWL and %BMI‐loss compared to RYGB.
Effekte von präoperativer neurobiologischer Edukation auf das postoperative Outcome
Authors: von Korn Karolin , Weiss Thomas , von Piekartz Harry 
Published: January 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Schmerz hat einen entscheidenden Einfluss auf die humane Lebensqualität. Allein eine Wissensvergrößerung über neurobiologische Vorgänge kann das subjektive Schmerzempfinden sowie psychometrische Variablen positiv beeinflussen. Es gibt verschiedene Formen der präoperativen Patientenedukation, welche u. a. zum Ziel haben, den postoperativen Schmerz zu erklären. Laut der aktuellen Literatur liegt einer präoperativen biomedizinischen Edukation eine geringe Evidenz zugrunde. Sie kann das präoperative Angst- und Stresslevel der Patienten steigern, was sich negativ auf das postoperative Outcome auswirkt. Im Gegensatz zur biomedizinischen Edukation betrachtet das neurobiologische Verständnis den postoperativen Schmerz unter den Gesichtspunkten der Plastizität des Nervensystems und bezieht Sensibilisierungsprozesse im zentralen und peripheren Nervensystem mit ein.

Ziel
Systematische Untersuchung von Kurz- und Langzeiteffekten einer neurobiologischen (Schmerz‑)Edukation bei Patienten vor einer Wirbelsäulenoperation

Material und Methoden
Bei der Literaturrecherche wurde nach dem PI(C)O(Population Intervention Comparison Outcome)‑Schema in den medizinischen Datenbanken gesucht. 83 Artikel kamen in die engere Auswahl. Entsprechend den Ein- und Ausschlusskriterien konnten letztendlich neun Artikel eingeschlossen werden.

Ergebnisse
Durch eine präoperative neurobiologische (Schmerz‑)Edukation können postoperative Katastrophisierungstendenzen sowie die postoperative Kinesiophobie positiv beeinflusst werden. Keinen Einfluss hat eine präoperative neurobiologische Edukation auf postoperativen Schmerz und Funktion. Inkonsistenz besteht bislang in der Herangehensweise der PNE (Pain Neuroscience Education).

Schlussfolgerung
Eine präoperative Reduktion von Angst und schmerzaufrechterhaltenden Faktoren v. a. auf psychologischer und sozialer Ebene hat einen positiven Effekt auf die postoperative subjektive Schmerzbewertung, was sich in einer Reduktion von Angst, Katastrophisierungstendenzen und einer geringeren Inanspruchnahme von postoperativen Leistungen im Gesundheitswesen widerspiegelt.
This is what life with cancer looks like: exploring experiences of adolescent and young adults with cancer using two visual approaches
Authors: Bood Zarah M. , van Liemt Floor , Sprangers Mirjam A. G. , Kobes Annita , Weeseman Yvonne , Scherer-Rath Michael , Tromp Jacqueline M. , van Laarhoven Hanneke W. M. , Helmich Esther 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Talking about illness experience can be challenging for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer. Visual tools, in addition to spoken language, might make this easier, such as rich pictures and photovoice. We aimed to obtain a comprehensive view of the cancer experience of AYAs by using rich pictures and photovoice.

Methods
AYAs (18–35 years old) who had any type of cancer, or were in remission from cancer, were eligible. AYAs drew rich pictures about their experience of living with cancer and explained these during subsequent interviews. Some of the AYAs also participated in photovoice and spent two days with a photographer to make photos about their illness experience. Rich pictures and photos were first analyzed separately, using open coding, after which the identified themes were compared.

Results
Twelve AYAs made rich pictures (RPs), of whom seven also participated in photovoice. The two most predominant themes emerging from the data were struggles related to the future and defining one’s identity. The AYAs expressed concerns for the future related to relationships, education, and employment. Relating to defining one’s identity, many AYAs expressed that the cancer had a negative impact on their body- and self-image. The main themes were visible in the RPs as well as in the photovoice; however, subtle differences in sub-themes were found.

Conclusions
We found that cancer has an effect on many aspects of AYAs’ lives. Further research on how the identified themes play a role in the lives of AYAs with cancer is needed.
The Shared Pleasure Paradigm: A study in an observational birth cohort in South Africa
Authors: Lachman Anusha , Jordaan Esme R. , Stern Micky , Donald Kirsten A. , Hoffman Nadia , Lake Marilyn T. , Zar Heather J. , Niehaus Dana J. H. , Puura Kaija , Stein Dan J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMother–infant dyads in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) may be exposed to a range of factors associated with suboptimal development. Optimal infant development is likely supported by synchronicity in the early mother–infant relationship, but limited corroborative research is available in LMICs. The Drakenstein Child Health Study (DCHS) provided an opportunity to study this synchronicity and its associations in South Africa. A South African birth cohort study investigating early-life determinants of child health in a LMIC context provided participants. The Shared Pleasure (SP) paradigm helped assess early mother–infant synchronicity in videos of a sub-set of 291 mother–infant dyads at their 14-week well baby visit. General linear regression models investigated the relationship between selected maternal and infant characteristics and the presence of Shared Pleasure moments. Out of a possible 291 dyads, 82% (n = 239) yielded Shared Pleasure moments. The mean age of mothers was 27 years, while infant sex distribution comprised 54% females and 46% males. The shortest single Shared Pleasure moment lasted at least 0.5 s and the longest 28 s. Shared Pleasure moments were associated with higher gestation age at delivery (p = 0.008) and higher infant birth weight (p = 0.006), but were not related to mother's mental health and infant health outcomes at 14 weeks. The high frequency of positive Shared Pleasure moments in reciprocal dyadic interactions in this sample suggests that significant disruption in shared pleasure may be present only in extreme cases (e.g. mothers with severe mental disorders). Further work is needed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the associations between early mother–infant synchronicity and better outcomes noted here, and to assess whether SP may serve as a culturally appropriate screen for assessing connectedness.