bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usage of Antihistamines and Topical Corticosteroids in the Management of Geographic Tongue
Authors: Poornachitra P. , Vadivel Jayanth K. 
Published: June 2022

Geographic tongue (GT) is a benign inflammatory condition of the tongue with map-like areas of erythema. In symptomatic cases, pharmacotherapy is advised to improve quality of life and reduce chances of recurrence.

Aim:
The study aimed to compare the usage of antihistamines and topical corticosteroids in the management of symptomatic geographic tongue.

Objective:
The objective was to evaluate the most common drug used in symptomatic geographic tongue management and assess the association between patient gender and drugs given.

Materials and Methods:
The treatment data of patients (n = 88) was collected from Dental Information Archival System with data from June 2019 to February 2021. The usage of antihistamines and topical steroids was assessed over two weeks to relieve clinical symptoms.

Results:
The association between drug type, drug name, and reduction in the clinical symptoms after two weeks of the review was statistically significant, with an X2 value of 9.132 at a P value of 0.010 (p < 0.05). The association between drug type, drug name, and gender was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). 38.6% of cases were prescribed Diphenhydramine maleate syrup. It was followed by Betamethasone Mouthwash which was used for 31.8% of cases. Triamcinolone acetonide and Chlorpheniramine tablets were prescribed for 15.9%and 13.6%patients, respectively.

Conclusion:
Antihistamines should be the first drug type of choice in treating symptomatic GT. Topical steroids could be considered an adjunct or standalone second drug type of choice.
Oral Health Condition and Complications in Pediatric Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pranitha V , Meghana C , Dwijendra K. S , Ravindra S. V , Mounika P. B. N , Ramana P Uma 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Better knowledge of the prevalence of oral complications in children with malignancy improves oral health through an interdisciplinary approach between oncologists and pediatric dentists.

Aim:
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of oral health status in pediatric cancer patients to palliate and relieve the discomfort.

Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted in a cancer hospital in Hyderabad for 10 days. 158 patients aged [1-15 yrs] diagnosed with malignancy and receiving chemotherapy were selected and evaluated with a self-validated questionnaire followed by oral examination.

Results:
The data collected was processed and analyzed using the SPSS22 version [Corporation (IBM), Washington, DC., USA]. Mucositis 47% was the most common complication, followed by gingivitis 23.9%, xerostomia 12%, oral pain 11.6%, herpes 3%, and candidiasis 1.8%.

Conclusion:
Oral care of pediatric cancer patients is of critical importance in maintaining the patient's overall well-being, which can be achieved by a systematic approach at different stages of treatment.
Assessment of the Morphology of Soft Palate by Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Gupta Gargi Sen. , Meghana HC. , Shetty Ujwala S. , Rai Devishree V. , Rao Prasanna K. , Kini Raghavendra 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Soft palate is an anatomical structure that helps modify the quality of voice and breath while swallowing. In patients with cleft palate, obstructive sleep apnea, oral submucous fibrosis, and skeletal craniofacial malocclusions, soft palate dysfunctions are frequently seen. Knowing the soft palate's morphological variations thus helps us to assess and manage such patients better.

Aims:
To assess the morphology of the Soft Palate in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in different age and gender groups and to find its association with: Need's ratio, Velar Length, Width, and Pharyngeal Depth in different morphological velar types.

Methods and Material:
The study sample consisted of 60 patients aged 20-50 years. Patients who underwent Cone Beam Computed Tomography scans of the whole maxilla (16×16 FOV) were taken up for the study. Measurements and Interpretation of Velar Length, Width, and Pharyngeal Depth were made.

Results:
A statistically significant correlation was observed in Velar width with an R-value of 0.04. An increase in velar width was noted with an increase in age. Leaf shape soft palate was the more prevalent type, followed by rat tail and butt shape. In male patients, the velar length and pharyngeal depth were significantly greater compared to female patients.

Conclusion:
By knowing different types of the soft palate and all the variations in the parameters as the reference, the dental surgeon can plan any invasive surgical procedure related to velopharyngeal dysfunctions better and avoid any complications arising from velopharyngeal dysfunctions.
A Mathematical Model and Sensitivity Analysis of Lassa Fever with Relapse and Reinfection Rate
Authors: Erinle-Ibrahim Latifat M , Adebimpe Olukayode , Lawal Waheed O , Agbomola Joshua O 
Published: June 2022

In this research paper, we depict an unprecedented four-dimensional ordinary differential equation modeling the dynamic transmission of the Lassa fever virus incorporating relapse and reinfection rate. Recent studies showed that the recovered individuals from Lassa fever can again be susceptible; which contradicted the common assumptions made by different researchers on modeling of Lassa fever. So, this article corrects and states the implications of the assumptions on the population density. The numerical simulations unveil the effect of relapse, reinfection, and treatment rate in the affected population. Performing sensitivity analysis suggests all new incorporated parameters can impact the infection dynamics substantially. The stability analysis was carefully estimated where expression for each compartmentalized variable was calculated at both disease-free and persistence (endemic) equilibrium. Also, the basic reproduction number of the novel model was calculated using the Next Generation Matrix. The analytical results justify that the persistence (endemic) and the disease-free equilibrium are locally and globally asymptotically stable using both Routh Hurwitz Criterion and Comparison Theorem.
Keywords: Lassa fever, Reinfection rate, Relapse rate, Treatment rate, Sensitivity analysis.
Impact of Radio Operating Environments on Broadband Connectivity
Authors: Massawe Libe V , Chitamu Peter J 
Published: June 2022

Broadband connectivity and services commonly referred to as the Internet is the key enabling facility for the modern digital economy and the driver for the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR or Industry 4.0). In Tanzania, there are over 49% Internet subscriptions for mobile broadband services using 3G UMTS and 4G standards infrastructure, which are predominantly available in urban areas. The non-urban areas remain mostly 2G coverage areas and lack mobile broadband connectivity and services. Transforming existing 2G mobile networks to broadband infrastructure can be achieved by swapping 2G sites with 3G or 4G sites or incrementally replacing 2G sites with 3G or 4G sites on demand. In this work, we investigated the performance of the UMTS family of standards to deliver broadband connectivity and services outside major towns and cities in three different radio operating environments, namely hilly, undulating and flat terrain landscapes. Results show that the achievable 3G data rate deteriorates depending on the type of operating environment as the internet user moves away from the base station. Therefore, mobile broadband deployment in non-urban areas is not simply replacement of 2G sites for 3G sites; it will require special deployment strategies to achieve a total broadband coverage.
Keywords: Internet Services; Mobile Broadband; Radio Channel Modelling; Telecoms Industry Innovation; Sustainable Infrastructure Development
Characterization of Clay and Granite Dust Blends as Novel Materials for Energy Storage and Diffuser in Constructing Flat-plate Solar Collector
Authors: Ajiboye Tajudeen Kolawole , Fabiyi Mustapha Olawale , Mustapha Ndagi , Abdulkareem Sulaiman 
Published: June 2022

Sun is the main source of solar energy, and the energy it releases to the Earth’s surface in one hour is more than what the whole planet consumes in a year. This present work is about characterizing novel material that can be used as energy storage and diffuser in constructing flat plate solar collector. Materials used are clay and granite dust obtained from Okelele and Kulende Quarry sites, both in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. The materials were sun-dried; the clay crushed before the two materials were sieved into different particle sizes. They were thereafter blended into different ratios and then characterized for thermal, physical and mechanical properties. Results showed that the highest thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and compressive strength were obtained from sample of particle size 0.075 mm and clay: granite ratio 50:50 (0.268176 W/mK, 3.58514 10–4 m2/sec and 3.571 N/m2, respectively). This same blend has a density of 0.91 g/cm3 and specific heat capacity of 824 J/kgK. This sample, having the optimal thermal, physical and mechanical properties will be a good replacement for conventional insulating materials currently being used for solar flat-plate collector construction as it will serve as both energy storage and diffuser.
Keywords: Solar energy; solar collector; insulating material; clay; granite dust; thermal conductivity; thermal diffusivity
Analisis Tindak Tutur dalam Podcast Indonesia “Sudah Lulus Pendidikan, Terus Apa?”
Authors: Hani Nur Alifah  , Susi Dwi Haryanti  , Asep Purwo Yudi Utomo  
Published: June 2022

Salah satu fungsi bahasa adalah untuk berkomunikasi. Proses berkomunikasi dilakukan oleh penutur dan mitra tutur yang menghasilkan tindak tutur, yaitu suatu kalimat dalam situasi tertentu sebagai bagian dari komunikasi bahasa. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk tindak tutur ekspresif, asertif, direktif, dan komisif dalam podcast Indonesia "Sudah Lulus Pendidikan Terus Apa?", (2) Mendeskripsikan maksud tindak tutur ekspresif, asertif, direktif, dan komisif dalam podcast Indonesia "Sudah Lulus Pendidikan Terus Apa?". Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan pragmatik dan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah teknik simak dan catat. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian berupa tahap deskripsi, klasifikasi, analisis, interpretasi, evaluasi, dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tindak tutur ekspresif, asertif, direktif, dan komisif yang terdapat dalam podcast Indonesia "Sudah Lulus Pendidikan Terus Apa?". Tindak tutur ekspresif ditemukan sebanyak enam belas kali dengan yang dianalisis meliputi aspek menanyakan kabar, mengucapkan terima kasih, memuji, mengeluh, dan meminta maaf; tindak tutur asertif ditemukan sebanyak empat belas kali dengan yang dianalisis meliputi aspek memberitahukan, menyatakan, dan mengingatkan; tindak tutur direktif ditemukan sebanyak empat belas kali dengan yang dianalisis meliputi aspek menyarankan, meminta, memerintah, dan menasihati; tindak tutur komisif ditemukan sebanyak empat kali dengan yang dianalisis meliputi aspek memanjatkan doa dan berjanji. Manfaat yang dapat diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu sebagai referensi pada berbagai aktivitas berbahasa.
Kata Kunci: Ekspresif, asertif, direktif, komisif, podcast
E-Modul IPA Berbasis Pendekatan Saintifik Pada Materi Cahaya & Alat Optik Kelas IV SD
Authors: Dewa Made Dwicky Putra Nugraha  
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to develop a science e-module based on scientific approach on the topic of the cahaya dan alat optik in a fourth grade of elementary school which is valid, practical, and effective. This development study used the ADDIE with several steps; analyze, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. This study was conducted on 4th grade students in SD Dwijendra Denpasar. The data collection used rating scale, questionnaire, and essay test methods. The results of the validity test of two material expert lecturers got an average percentage of 92% with very good qualifications. The results of the validity test of two media expert lecturers got an average percentage of 90% with very good qualifications. The practicality response of the product from four homeroom teachers for grade IV SD Dwijendra Denpasar, got an average percentage of 90% with very practical qualifications. The results of the product effectiveness test based on students' understanding of science concepts got a percentage of effectiveness about 86.26% with high effectiveness criteria. Based on this analysis, it can be concluded that the development of a science e-module based on scientific approach on the topic of cahaya dan alat optik conforms to be valid, practical, and effective. Thus, the scientific approach on science e-module on the topic of the cahaya dan alat optik is appropriate to be applied in fourth grade elementary school learning.
Challenges of online medical education in Pakistan during Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Manan Sadia , Daterdiwala Nida Fatima 
Published: June 2022

Dear Madam/Sir,
The COVID-19 outbreak has swiftly changed into a worldwide pandemic. This transition has had adverse consequences for public institutions raising questions particularly for medical schools. (1) Following the pandemic, nationwide lockdown has impacted 89% of the world’s student population. (2) In this Letter, our focus is to highlight the challenges faced by medical students during this prolonged period of online education concluded by some suggestions to overcome them.
A number of changes were done to address the imminent challenge of closure and improve the durability of educational systems in Pakistan. The primary shift was to plan and deliver learning sessions where students and teachers are geographically remote from each other. Online synchronous instruction sessions were quickly introduced using platforms like Zoom and Microsoft Team. (3) Although these efforts contributed to the efficient delivery of content, they also caused instructors, and learners to struggle with the process. (4)
In an underdeveloped country like Pakistan, online learning is ineffective as majority of the students lack internet facilities due to technical and financial issues. Some of the other difficulties faced by students include absence of in person interaction with the tutor, lack of immediate tutor response and absence of on campus social interaction. (5) This effect of COVID-19 became an immediate concern among medical students. They were suspended from attending their clinical training which led to reduced exposure causing a pernicious effect on exam performance. A vast number of students missed the opportunity of doing electives abroad as most of them were cancelled due to the increasing number of cases. (6)
To conclude, e-learning did influence the quality of medical education and therefore requires a collaborative approach to address the situation. There are some points we would like to suggest. Firstly, the teaching faculty should be given proper virtual training by allotting an IT professional to each one of them. Secondly, the lectures conducted should be interactive rather than being recorded in order to increase student engagement. This should be followed by routine assessments to evaluate their knowledge retention. Lastly, online problem-based learning techniques should be implemented so that the deficit of clinical exposure can be fulfilled. Despite the challenges posed by the pandemic, we must take this as an opportunity to develop e-learning programs which can open new horizons in distant-learning medical education.
Three new Achnanthidium (Bacillariophyceae) species from Lake Salda (Anatolia, Turkey), a deep soda lake
Authors: Solak Cüneyt Nadir , Wojtal Agata Zofia , Peszek Łukasz , Rybak Mateusz , Yilmaz Elif , Gastineau Romain , Blanco Saúl 
Published: June 2022

Background and aims – Kützing separated the genus Achnanthidium from the genus Achnanthes based on two species: Achnanthes minutissima and Achnanthidium microcephalum. These two genera were distinguished by the presence of stalks in the Achnanthes genus and their absence in Achnanthidium. Before electron microscopy, the difference between Achnanthes and Achnanthidium was not clear, especially in Achnanthidium minustissimum sensu lato. The aim of the study is to describe three new species of Achnanthidium from Lake Salda.
Material and methods – Lake Salda is located in southwestern Anatolia, in Turkey. The diatoms were collected seasonally from four stations in the lake between 2016 and 2020, from different substrata (epipelic, epiphytic, and epilithic).
Key results – Three new species belonging to the genus Achnanthidium have been found in Lake Salda, Turkey. Based on the morphological observations, all new taxa are part of the Achnanthidium minutissimum complex. Achnanthidium barlasii sp. nov. and A. dumlupinarii sp. nov. show a high degree of similarity to each other, but can be separated based on valve outline and a denser areolation, especially in striae close to the apices of the raphe valve. Both species can be distinguished from A. minutissimum based on more separate apices and less elliptic valves. In the case of A. dumlupinarii sp. nov., large specimens show slight undulations of the valve, which is a unique feature. Achnanthidium anatolicum sp. nov. is the most characteristic based on its valve width, broadly rounded valve apices, and almost straight valves in girdle view. All newly described Achnanthidium species can be found in lentic environments, with alkaline water and high calcium ion content.
Conclusion – The newly described taxa occurred in the unique habitat of a soda lake. The environment of the lake is highly alkaline, rich in magnesium and calcium, and derived from limestone and dolomitic limestone rocks.
NGHIÊN CỨU HIỆU QUẢ GIẢM ĐAU ĐA MÔ THỨC BẰNG GÂY TÊ MẶT PHẲNG CƠ NGANG BỤNG DƯỚI HƯỚNG DẪN SIÊU ÂM KẾT HỢP CÁC THUỐC GIẢM ĐAU ĐƯỜNG TOÀN THÂN SAU PHẪU THUẬT LẤY THAI
Authors: Văn Minh Nguyễn , Thị Sáu Trần , Thắng Phan , Thị Thoại Nguyễn , Văn Long Lê 
Published: June 2022

Đặt vấn đề: Morphin khoang dưới nhện được xem là “tiêu chuẩn vàng” trong giảm đau sau phẫu thuật lấy thai (PTLT), tuy nhiên nó gây ra nhiều tác dụng không mong muốn. Phương pháp giảm đau đa mô thức giúp giảm đau hiệu quả đồng thời giảm các tác dụng không mong muốn. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là đánh giá hiệu quả giảm đau đa mô thức bằng gây tê mặt phẳng cơ ngang bụng dưới hướng dẫn siêu âm kết hợp các thuốc giảm đau đường toàn thân sau PTLT. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Trong một thử nghiệm lâm sàng ngẫu nhiên đối chứng, 180 sản phụ (SP) sau PTLT được chia ngẫu nhiên thành 3 nhóm lần lượt là Para-TAP, Diclo-TAP và Para-Diclo. Nhóm Para-TAP được dùng paracetamol kết hợp gây tê mặt phẳng cơ ngang bụng (gây tê TAP), nhóm Diclo-TAP được dùng diclofenac đường trực tràng kết hợp gây tê TAP, nhóm Para-Diclo được dùng paracetamol kết hợp diclofenac đường trực tràng. Cường độ đau được đánh giá theo thang điểm đau nhìn hình đồng dạng (VAS) tại các thời điểm 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, 24 giờ và theo thang điểm hoạt động chức năng (FAS) trong 24 giờ sau phẫu thuật, thống kê tỉ lệ yêu cầu giải cứu đau và các tác dụng không mong muốn của các phương pháp. Giải cứu đau bằng 5 mg morphin tiêm tĩnh mạch chậm khi điểm VAS nghỉ ≥ 4 hoặc VAS vận động ≥ 5. Kết quả: Về điểm đau VAS, các SP có điểm đau từ 3 trở xuống trong nhóm Para-TAP chiếm tỉ lệ cao lúc nghỉ, nhưng thấp khi vận động; trong khi đó nhóm Diclo-TAP và Para-Diclo chiếm tỉ lệ cao cả lúc nghỉ ngơi và vận động; nhóm Para-TAP hiệu quả hơn nhóm Para-Diclo từ 4 - 6 giờ đầu; nhóm Para-Diclo hiệu quả hơn nhóm Para-TAP từ 12 - 24 giờ; nhóm Diclo-TAP hiệu quả hơn nhóm Para-Diclo từ 2 - 8 giờ. Nhóm Para-TAP có điểm FAS đạt mức A chiếm 90% trong khoảng thời gian từ 1 - 8 giờ, hơn 50% từ 8 - 16 giờ, hơn 60% từ 16 - 24 giờ; có 23,33% SP cần giải cứu đau. Nhóm Diclo-TAP có điểm FAS đạt mức A chiếm 100% trong khoảng thời gian từ 1 - 8 giờ, gần 80% từ 8 - 24 giờ; có 10% SP cần giải cứu đau. Nhóm Para-Diclo có điểm FAS đạt mức A chiếm gần 70% trong khoảng thời gian từ 1 - 16 giờ, gần 90% từ 16 - 24 giờ, có 10% SP cần giải cứu đau. Tác dụng không mong muốn chiếm tỉ lệ thấp và mức độ nhẹ ở 3 nhóm. Kết luận: Nhóm Para-TAP có hiệu quả giảm đau tốt trong 8 giờ đầu, nhóm Diclo-TAP có hiệu quả giảm đau tốt trong 24 giờ và tốt hơn nhóm Para-Diclo trong 8 giờ đầu sau phẫu thuật, tác dụng không mong muốn của các nhóm chiếm tỉ lệ thấp và mức độ nhẹ ở 3 nhóm.
VAI TRÒ CỘNG HƯỞNG TỪ 3 TESLA TRONG ĐỘNG KINH THÙY THÁI DƯƠNG
Authors: Kim Thư Nguyễn , Thị Dung Trần 
Published: June 2022

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu các biến chứng thường gặp ở phụ nữ có thai mắc sởi tại bệnh viện Bệnh Nhiệt đới Trung Ương từ 1/2018 – 12/2019. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang có so sánh với nhóm chứng được thực hiện trên 49 nữ bệnh nhân mang thai được chẩn đoán nhiễm sởi điều trị tại bệnh viện Bệnh nhiệt đới Trung Ương từ 1/2018 đến 12/2019. Kết quả: -73,5% phụ nữ mang thai nhiễm sởi có biến chứng, biến chứng hô hấp chiếm 65,3%. Tỉ lệ biến chứng hô hấp ở phụ nữ mang thai cao hơn phụ nữ không mang thai nhiễm sởi (p<0,05). Giá trị CRP ≥ 94,5 mg/l có liên quan đến viêm phổi vi khuẩn ở phụ nữ mang thai nhiễm sởi với p < 0,05; OR 31,2 (95% CI: 2,9 – 337,4). - 26,5% phụ nữ mang thai nhiễm sởi có biến chứng sản khoa gồm: sảy thai 8,2%, thai lưu 4,1%, đẻ non 4,1%. Tỉ lệ BC lympho ≤ 8,4% có liên quan đến biến chứng sản khoa ở phụ nữ mang thai nhiễm sởi với p < 0,05; OR 7,7 (95% CI: 1,5 – 39,9). -Không tìm thấy mối liên quan giữa tuổi, tuổi thai, các chỉ số huyết học khác, và các biến chứng khác với biến chứng sản khoa. Kết luận: Cần theo dõi sát để phát hiện sớm biến chứng viêm phổi vi khuẩn và biến chứng sản khoa ở phụ nữ mang thai mắc sới
HIỆU QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ CỦA KHÁNG SINH NHÓM CARBAPENEM TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN NHIỄM KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TRUNG ƯƠNG CẦN THƠ
Authors: Trương Phú Dương , Vĩnh Niên Lâm , Thị Thanh Thường Mai , Tuấn Kiệt Nguyễn 
Published: June 2022

Đặt vấn đề: Vi khuẩn Klebsiella pneumoniae là một trong các vi khuẩn gây các bệnh nhiễm trùng bệnh viện nghiêm trọng. Nghiên cứu thực hiện nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả điều trị của kháng sinh (KS) Carbapenem trên bệnh nhân nhiễm vi khuẩn Klebsiella pneumoniae tại bệnh viện Đa khoa Trung ương Cần Thơ. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang khảo sát 256 hồ sơ bệnh án tại Khoa Hồi sức tích cực (HSTC) và Hô hấp trong giai đoạn năm 2018 – 2020. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ điều trị thành công 38,7% và thất bại 60,3%. Nhóm tuổi càng cao nguy cơ không đáp ứng với carbapenem gấp 2,98 lần (KTC95%: 1,4 – 6,6). Người bệnh có thời gian nằm viện kéo dài ≥ 14 ngày nguy cơ không đáp ứng carbapenem tăng gấp 5,4 lần (KTC 95%: 2,3 – 12,7). Người bệnh thở máy nguy cơ không đáp ứng với carbapenem gấp 15,9 lần (KTC 95%: 1,2 – 193,04). Người bệnh có thời gian sử dụng KS kéo dài không đáp ứng với carbapenem gấp 2,5 lần (KTC 95%: 1,03 – 6,1). Người bệnh sử dụng liều dùng carbapenem thấp nguy cơ không đáp ứng gấp 1,9 lần (KTC95%: 1,0 – 3,7). Người bệnh chuyển phác đồ trong điều trị không đáp ứng carbapenem gấp 3,5 lần (KTC 95%: 1,6 – 7,7). Kết luận: Sử dụng KS carbapenem phải dựa trên bằng chứng vi sinh học và tình trạng của người bệnh nhằm nâng cao hiệu quả giảm đề kháng KS.