bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep Subwavelength Wide‐Angle Structural Colors at the Single Pixel Level
Authors: Shi Lina , Niu Jiebin , Li Longjie , Wang Chong , Shang Xiao , Zhang Peiwen , Liu Yu , Zhang Yongliang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStructural colorations with artificially engineered nanostructures provide a dye‐free mechanism for subdiffraction color generation with enhanced stability and environment friendliness. However, it remains elusive to create universally deep subwavelength pixels for arbitrary coloration at the single pixel level. The main obstacles are the unavoidable near‐field coupling between neighboring pixels and the angular dependent hues associated with the scattering process. Here, a generic principle is proposed and developed to create deep subwavelength bright‐field structural colors at the single pixel level by using alumina disk‐on‐film nanocavities. As a result of the gap‐plasmon‐induced perfect absorption, wide‐angle complementary colors are achieved across the full visible spectrum where both the near‐field coupling and angular dispersion are strongly suppressed. Deep subwavelength pixels down to 160 nm × 160 nm and green colors produced by composite pixels are experimentally demonstrated. The strategy represents a significant step toward practical application of structural colors at the single pixel level for nanoscale optical and optoelectronic devices.
C5’‐Nitrated Cinchona Catalysts for Asymmetric Michael Addition Reaction
Authors: Farhadur Rahman Mohammad , Yangyuayang Chouthor , Fujisawa Ikuhide , Haraguchi Naoki , Itsuno Shinichi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractC5’‐Nitro‐dihydroquinine (Q1), prepared from dihydroquinine (HQ), exhibited high catalytic activity in an asymmetric Michael reaction. The nitro group at the C5’ position of Q1 was vertically fixed to the quinoline ring, as confirmed by X‐ray crystallography. Q1 exerted a high level of asymmetric induction, superior to that of the non‐nitrated HQ catalyst.
Sunlight‐Driven Highly Selective Catalytic Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural Towards Tunable Products
Authors: Xia Tong , Gong Wanbing , Chen Yihong , Duan Meilin , Ma Jun , Cui Xiaofeng , Dai Yitao , Gao Chao , Xiong Yujie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOwing to the easy over‐oxidation, it is a promising yet challenging task to explore renewable carbon resources to control the sunlight‐driven selective catalytic oxidation of biomass‐derived 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), producing important chemical feedstocks, namely, less‐oxidized 2,5‐diformylfuran (DFF) and 5‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐furancarboxylic acid (HMFCA). Herein, we have developed a photocatalyst by anchoring a Ru complex on CdS quantum dots, which achieves selective oxidation of HMF toward DFF or HMFCA with high conversion (>81 %) and selectivity (>90 %), based on the controllable generation of two oxygen radicals under different atmospheres. Such selective conversion can also work well outside the laboratory by using natural sunlight. In particular, the selective production of HMFCA through photocatalytic HMF oxidation is achieved for the first time. More importantly, our photocatalyst is applicable for the selective oxidation of other compounds with hydroxyl and aldehyde groups.
Synthesis, Characterization and Photophysical Properties of Mesoionic N‐Heterocyclic Imines
Authors: Huang Shiqing , Wu Yixin , Huang Linwei , Hu Chubin , Yan Xiaoyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractN‐heterocyclic imines are widely used in transition‐metal chemistry, main‐group chemistry as well as catalysis, due to their enhanced basicity and nucleophilicity which benefit from their ylidic form. As their analogs, mesoionic N‐heterocyclic imines, which feature more highly ylidic form, is still in its infancy though excellent works also achieved. Here we reported the synthesis, characterization and photophysical properties of mesoionic N‐heterocyclic imines. TD‐DFT are employed to get deeper insight into the mechanism of the photophysical behaviors. The unsubstituted mesoionic N‐heterocyclic imines (4–6) displayed considerable quantum yields (QY: up to 43.8%) and could be potentially applied as luminescent materials.
Head impulse testing in bilateral vestibulopathy in patients with genetically defined CANVAS
Authors: Borsche Max , Tadic Vera , König Inke R. , Lohmann Katja , Helmchen Christoph , Brüggemann Norbert 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the association between disease duration and the severity of bilateral vestibulopathy in individuals with complete or incomplete CANVAS (Cerebellar Ataxia with Neuropathy and Vestibular Areflexia Syndrome) and biallelic RFC1 repeat expansions.MethodsRetrospective analysis of clinical data and the vestibulo‐ocular reflex quantified by the video head impulse test in 20 patients with confirmed biallelic RFC1 repeat expansions.ResultsVestibulo‐ocular reflex gain at first admittance 6.9 ± 5.0 years after disease onset was 0.16 [0.15–0.31] (median [interquartile range]). Cross‐sectional analysis revealed that gain reduction was associated with disease duration. Follow‐up measurements were available for ten individuals: eight of them exhibited a progressive decrease of the vestibulo‐ocular reflex gain over time. At the first visit, six of all patients (30%) did not show clinical signs of cerebellar ataxia.ConclusionsOur data suggest a pathological horizontal head impulse test, which can easily be obtained in many outpatient clinics, as a sign of bilateral vestibulopathy in genetically confirmed CANVAS that can precede clinically accessible cerebellar ataxia at least in a subset of patients. The presumably continuous decline over time possibly reflects the neurodegenerative character of the disease. Thus, genetic testing for RFC1 mutations in (isolated) bilateral vestibulopathy might allow disease detection before the onset of cerebellar signs. Further studies including a wider spectrum of vestibular function tests are warranted in a prospective design.
Transcriptional signature in microglia isolated from an Alzheimer's disease mouse model treated with scanning ultrasound
Authors: Leinenga Gerhard , Bodea Liviu‐Gabriel , Schröder Jan , Sun Giuzhi , Zhou Yichen , Song Jae , Grubman Alexandra , Polo Jose M. , Götz Jürgen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTranscranial scanning ultrasound combined with intravenously injected microbubbles (SUS+MB) has been shown to transiently open the blood–brain barrier and reduce the amyloid‐β (Aβ) pathology in the APP23 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This has been accomplished through the activation of microglial cells; however, their response to the SUS treatment is incompletely understood. Here, wild‐type (WT) and APP23 mice were subjected to SUS+MB, using nonsonicated mice as sham controls. After 48 h, the APP23 mice were injected with methoxy‐XO4 to label Aβ aggregates, followed by microglial isolation into XO4+ and XO4− populations using flow cytometry. Both XO4+ and XO4− cells were subjected to RNA sequencing and transcriptome profiling. The analysis of the microglial cells revealed a clear segregation depending on genotype (AD model vs. WT mice) and Aβ internalization (XO4+ vs. XO4− microglia), but interestingly, no differences were found between SUS+MB and sham in WT mice. Differential gene expression analysis in APP23 mice detected 278 genes that were significantly changed by SUS+MB in the XO4+ cells (248 up/30 down) and 242 in XO− cells (225 up/17 down). Pathway analysis highlighted differential expression of genes related to the phagosome pathway and marked upregulation of cell cycle‐related transcripts in XO4+ and XO4‐ microglia isolated from SUS+MB‐treated APP23 mice. Together, this highlights the complexity of the microglial response to transcranial ultrasound, with potential applications for the treatment of AD.
Hyperelastic, shape‐memorable, and ultra‐cell‐adhesive degradable polycaprolactone‐polyurethane copolymer for tissue regeneration
Authors: Hong Suk‐Min , Yoon Ji‐Young , Cha Jae‐Ryung , Ahn Junyong , Mandakhbayar Nandin , Park Jeong Hui , Im Junseop , Jin Gangshi , Kim Moon‐Young , Knowles Jonathan C. , Lee Hae‐Hyoung , Lee Jung‐Hwan , Kim Hae‐Won 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNovel polycaprolactone‐based polyurethane (PCL‐PU) copolymers with hyperelasticity, shape‐memory, and ultra‐cell‐adhesion properties are reported as clinically applicable tissue‐regenerative biomaterials. New isosorbide derivatives (propoxylated or ethoxylated ones) were developed to improve mechanical properties by enhanced reactivity in copolymer synthesis compared to the original isosorbide. Optimized PCL‐PU with propoxylated isosorbide exhibited notable mechanical performance (50 MPa tensile strength and 1150% elongation with hyperelasticity under cyclic load). The shape‐memory effect was also revealed in different forms (film, thread, and 3D scaffold) with 40%–80% recovery in tension or compression mode after plastic deformation. The ultra‐cell‐adhesive property was proven in various cell types which were reasoned to involve the heat shock protein‐mediated integrin (α5 and αV) activation, as analyzed by RNA sequencing and inhibition tests. After the tissue regenerative potential (muscle and bone) was confirmed by the myogenic and osteogenic responses in vitro, biodegradability, compatible in vivo tissue response, and healing capacity were investigated with in vivo shape‐memorable behavior. The currently exploited PCL‐PU, with its multifunctional (hyperelastic, shape‐memorable, ultra‐cell‐adhesive, and degradable) nature and biocompatibility, is considered a potential tissue‐regenerative biomaterial, especially for minimally invasive surgery that requires small incisions to approach large defects with excellent regeneration capacity.
Surface Engineering of Lipid Vesicles Based on DNA Nanotechnology
Authors: Hao Pengyan , Niu Liqiong , Luo Yuanyuan , Wu Na , Zhao Yongxi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLipid vesicle research is of great significance in the field of biomedicine and great progress has been made in recent years, in which the surface engineering on lipid membranes plays an important role. By introducing new active sites on membrane surface, the physicochemical properties of vesicles are regulated and the biological functions are extended. DNA nanotechnology is an excellent tool for surface engineering of vesicles and has attracted more and more attention. In this Review, the interaction between DNA and lipid membrane is presented. Subsequently, recent advances in the applications of vesicle‐surface‐engineering based on DNA nanotechnology are highlighted. DNA nanostructures are used to mimic membrane proteins in the system of artificial liposome vesicles. Surface‐engineered extracellular vesicles (EVs) based on DNA nanotechnology are applied to achieve non‐invasive early screening of diseases with high sensitivity and precision. Finally, challenges and prospects for future development in this field are discussed.
Electronic Circular Dichroism Unravels Atropisomers of a Broadly Absorbing Fulgide Derivative
Authors: Hermanns Volker , Scheurer Maximilian , Dreuw Andreas , Wachtveitl Josef , Braun Markus , Heckel Alexander 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe prepared and studied six atropisomers with different chiroptical properties emerging from a single, robust, broadly‐absorbing fulgide photoswitch. After separation of the different atropisomers via HPLC on a chiral column, their isomerization processes at room temperature and the energy barriers of the different species were investigated in detail using spectroscopic and theoretical methods.
Highly Selective Photocatalytic Aerobic Oxidation of Methane to Oxygenates with Water over W‐doped TiO2
Authors: Huang Min , Zhang Shuyi , Wu Bo , Yu Xing , Gan Yongping , Lin Tiejun , Yu Fei , Sun Yuhan , Zhong Liangshu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHighly selective conversion of methane to oxygenates with O2 as a green oxidant remains a great challenge. It is still difficult to suppress the generation of COx (x=1, 2) as undesired by‐products due to unavoidable overoxidation reaction. Hence, tungsten‐doped (W‐doped) TiO2 photocatalysts were designed with a tunable band structure for photocatalytic oxidation of methane to C1 oxygenates using O2 at low temperature (30 °C). The W‐doping effectively modified the electronic and band structure of pristine TiO2 to enhance photocatalytic performance. Liquid oxygenates productivity could reach as high as 12.2 mmol g−1 with high selectivity of 99.4 %. Moreover, COx selectivity was effectively decreased from 21.2 % over TiO2 to 0.6 % for W‐doped catalyst. Detailed characterizations further disclosed that W‐doping not only enhanced light absorption, but also promoted the separation of photo‐generated carriers to improve methane conversion. This work provides new insights into the design of highly efficient photocatalysts for methane oxidation.
Retention, engagement, and binge‐eating outcomes: Evaluating feasibility of the Binge‐Eating Genetics Initiative study
Authors: Flatt Rachael E. , Thornton Laura M. , Smith Tosha , Mitchell Hannah , Argue Stuart , Baucom Brian R. W. , Deboeck Pascal R. , Adamo Colin , Kilshaw Robyn E. , Shi Qinxin , Tregarthen Jenna , Butner Jonathan E. , Bulik Cynthia M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveUsing preliminary data from the Binge‐Eating Genetics Initiative (BEGIN), we evaluated the feasibility of delivering an eating disorder digital app, Recovery Record, through smartphone and wearable technology for individuals with binge‐type eating disorders.MethodsParticipants (n = 170; 96% female) between 18 and 45 years old with lived experience of binge‐eating disorder or bulimia nervosa and current binge‐eating episodes were recruited through the Recovery Record app. They were randomized into a Watch (first‐generation Apple Watch + iPhone) or iPhone group; they engaged with the app over 30 days and completed baseline and endpoint surveys. Retention, engagement, and associations between severity of illness and engagement were evaluated.ResultsSignificantly more participants in the Watch group completed the study (p = .045); this group had greater engagement than the iPhone group (p's < .05; pseudo‐R2McFadden effect size = .01–.34). Overall, binge‐eating episodes, reported for the previous 28 days, were significantly reduced from baseline (mean = 12.3) to endpoint (mean = 6.4): most participants in the Watch (60%) and iPhone (66%) groups reported reduced binge‐eating episodes from baseline to endpoint. There were no significant group differences across measures of binge eating. In the Watch group, participants with fewer episodes of binge eating at baseline were more engaged (p's < .05; pseudo‐R2McFadden = .01–.02). Engagement did not significantly predict binge eating at endpoint nor change in binge‐eating episodes from baseline to endpoint for both the Watch and iPhone groups.DiscussionUsing wearable technology alongside iPhones to deliver an eating disorder app may improve study completion and app engagement compared with using iPhones alone.
Application of eDNA for monitoring freshwater bivalve Nodularia nipponensis and its glochidium larvae
Authors: Sugawara Kotaro , Sasaki Yudai , Okano Kunihiro , Watanabe Miho , Miyata Naoyuki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHabitat loss, the introduction of invasive species, and climate change due to human activity have threatened many freshwater unionid bivalves worldwide. Unionid bivalves represent important members of freshwater ecosystems, providing bitterling fish with spawning grounds and contributing to water clarification via the filtration of suspended solids. This study examined an environmental DNA (eDNA) approach for monitoring the unionid bivalve Nodularia nipponensis in a lake environment. We developed oligonucleotide primers for the specific detection of mitochondrial DNA from N. nipponensis and evaluated the decay and release rates of eDNA in a laboratory tank experiment under two bivalve densities (49 and 164 individuals m−2) selected to ensure sufficient eDNA yields. The eDNA release rate was weakly and positively correlated with bivalve density but strongly and positively correlated with inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus excretion from the bivalve. In a eutrophic lake, Lake Hachiro, 67% of the samples (16 out of 24) collected from June to July yielded detectable amounts of eDNA and were not detected at all in May and August (0 out of 20). This difference was probably due to the release of N. nipponensis glochidium larvae. During these months, unionid glochidia adhered to bundles of polyvinylidene chloride fibers placed on the lake bottom for 8 h, confirmed by microscopic inspection. We successfully obtained N. nipponensis eDNA from all bundles examined over the months, demonstrating the efficacy of bundle capture in quantifying unionid bivalve eDNA. Our eDNA‐based technique with specific oligonucleotide primers and fiber bundles may be a promising tool for monitoring N. nipponensis in freshwater environments. Fiber bundles are useful for tracing eDNA derived from glochidium larvae, even at low unionid bivalve densities, which may be conducive to conservation efforts.
Disentangling the components of coastal fish biodiversity in southern Brittany by applying an environmental DNA approach
Authors: Rozanski Romane , Trenkel Verena M. , Lorance Pascal , Valentini Alice , Dejean Tony , Pellissier Loïc , Eme David , Albouy Camille 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe global biodiversity crisis from anthropogenic activities significantly weakens the functioning of marine ecosystems and jeopardizes their ecosystem services. Increasing monitoring of marine ecosystems is crucial to understand the breadth of the changes in biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and propose more effective conservation strategies. Such strategies should not only focus on maximizing the number of species (i.e., taxonomic diversity) but also the diversity of phylogenetic histories and ecological functions within communities. To support future conservation decisions, multicomponent biodiversity monitoring can be combined with high‐throughput species assemblage detection methods such as environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding. Here, we used eDNA to assess fish biodiversity along the coast of southern Brittany (France, Iroise Sea). We filtered surface marine water from 17 sampling stations and applied an eDNA metabarcoding approach targeting Actinopterygii and Elasmobranchii taxa. We documented three complementary biodiversity components—taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity—and three diversity facets—richness, divergence and regularity. We identified a north/south contrast with higher diversity for the three facets of the biodiversity components in the northern part of the study area. The northern communities showed higher species richness, stronger phylogenetic overdispersion and lower functional clustering compared to the ones in the southern part, due to the higher diversity of habitats (reefs, rocky shores) and restricted access for fishing. Moreover, we also detected a higher level of taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional uniqueness in many offshore stations compared to more coastal ones, with the presence of species typically living at greater depths (> 300 m), which suggests an influence of hydrodynamic structures and currents on eDNA dispersion and hence sample composition. eDNA metabarcoding can, therefore, be used as an efficient sampling method to reveal fine‐scale community compositions and in combination with functional and phylogenetic information to document multicomponent biodiversity gradients in coastal marine systems.
Gonadal Soma-Derived Factor Expression is a Potential Biomarker for Predicting the Effects of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals on Gonadal Differentiation in Japanese Medaka (Oryzias Latipes)
Authors: Horie Yoshifumi , Kanazawa Nobuhiro , Takahashi Chiho , Tatarazako Norihisa , Iguchi Taisen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Chemicals with androgenic or estrogenic activity induce the sex reversal and/or intersex condition in various teleost fish species. Previously, we reported that exposure to 17α-methyltestosterone, bisphenol A, or 4-nonylphenol induces changes in expression of the gonadal soma-derived factor (gsdf) gene accompanied by disruption of gonadal differentiation in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). These findings suggest that gsdf expression might be a useful biomarker for predicting the potential effect of chemicals on gonadal differentiation. We examined the gsdf expression in Japanese medaka exposed to chemicals with estrogenic or androgenic activity. Exposure to the androgenic steroid 17β-trenbolone at 0.5–22.1 μg/L induced the development of ovotestis (presence of ovarian tissue with testicular tissue) and female-to-male sex reversal in XX embryos, and exposure at 6.32 and 22.1 μg/L significantly increased gsdf expression in XX embryos compared with controls at developmental stage 38 (1 day before hatching). In the present study, no statistically significant difference in gsdf mRNA expression was observed after exposure to 17β-estradiol, 17α-ethinylestradiol, and 4-t-octylphenol, which have estrogenic activity. In addition, antiandrogenic chemicals or chemicals without endocrine-disrupting activity did not induce changes in gsdf expression in XX or XY embryos. Thus, an increase in gsdf expression after androgen exposure was observed in XX embryos. Together, these findings indicate that gsdf expression might be useful for predicting the adverse effect of chemicals on gonadal differentiation. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1875–1884. © 2022 SETAC
Context dependence in the symbiosis betweenDictyostelium discoideumandParaburkholderia
Authors: Scott Trey J. , Queller David C. , Strassmann Joan E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSymbiotic interactions change with environmental context. Measuring these context-dependent effects in hosts and symbionts is critical to determining the nature of symbiotic interactions. We investigated context dependence in the symbiosis between social amoeba hosts and their inedible Paraburkholderia bacterial symbionts, where the context is the abundance of host food bacteria. Paraburkholderia have been shown to harm hosts dispersed to food-rich environments, but aid hosts dispersed to food-poor environments by allowing hosts to carry food bacteria. Through measuring symbiont density and host spore production, we show that this food context matters in three other ways. First, it matters for symbionts, who suffer a greater cost from competition with food bacteria in the food-rich context. Second, it matters for host-symbiont conflict, changing how symbiont density negatively impacts host spore production. Third, data-based simulations show that symbiosis often provides a long-term fitness advantage for hosts after rounds of growth and dispersal in variable food contexts, especially when conditions are harsh with little food. These results show how food context can have many consequences for the Dictyostelium-Paraburkholderia symbiosis and that both sides can frequently benefit.