bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Plant Traits Help to Design Green Walls for Urban Air Pollution Control: A Short Review of Scientific Evidences and Knowledge Gaps
Authors: Hellebaut Anaïs , Boisson Sylvain , Mahy Grégory 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Green walls (GW) and living wall systems (LWS) are often claimed to have a positive effect on urban pollution problems if their plants composition is optimal (design of the LWS). An in-depth survey of the knowledge on plants traits maximizing GW effects on air pollution shows that this statement is made too quickly: there are still some large knowledge gaps. Robust conclusions can only be drawn for particulate matter (PM): leaves containing trichomes/hairs are the most effective to capture PM. The rougher the leaf is, the more PM it catches, and small leaves collect more PM than large leaves. After having analyzed the plant composition of six LWS existing in Belgium, we noticed that this knowledge on efficient plant traits is not used to design them with the goal to maximize their PM capture. In addition, studies about other pollutants and other traits are required to optimize the GW plant composition and to maximize their effects on air quality.
Combined imputation, inverse propensity weight, and bootstrap approach to estimate treatment effects on in-hospital mortality: an ELSO registry analysis
Authors: Greco Kimberly F. , O’Halloran Conor P. , Alexander Peta MA. , Weller Edie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
While multicenter patient registries are a valuable tool for understanding diseases and exposures that affect small patient populations, retrospective registry studies are particularly prone to imbalances in baseline covariates, confounding by indication, and exposure misclassification due to missing data. This paper describes an analysis performed on the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) registry to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of two treatments – centrifugal versus roller blood pumps – to reduce in-hospital mortality among pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients. We outline a combined imputation, inverse propensity weight, and bootstrap approach to address potential sources of bias and obtain a valid estimate of treatment effectiveness.
Total pulpotomy for extensive decay in permanent molar: a clinical randomized controlled trial
Authors: AKDAĞ Uğur , DEMİR Pınar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives: This clinical study aimed to compare the clinical and radiographic success of CEM and two other pulpotomy materials in total pulpotomy applied to permanent teeth. Materials and Method: In our study, 48 permanent molar teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis of 40 pediatric patients aged 5-12 years were included. Teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups. Total pulpotomy was performed with Calcium Hydroxide (CH), Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), and Calcium Enriched Material (CEM). Patients were invited for control at 3, 6, 12, 15, and 18 months for clinical and radiographic examination. The clinical and radiographic successes of 3 different materials were compared at all follow-up periods. Results: At the 6th, 12th, and 15th months, the MTA and CEM groups were statistically more successful than the CH group clinically and radiographically (p<0.05). The clinical and radiographic success rates of the CH, MTA, and CEM groups at the 18th month were 60%, 64.7%, and 68.8%, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference between the 3 groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: We found that CEM was as successful as CH and MTA in the treatment of total pulpotomy applied to permanent molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Clinical Relevance: CEM is a promising material for different treatment modalities in pediatric dentistry and endodontics, without the major disadvantages of MTA.
The Influence of Chile’s Food Labeling and Advertising Law and Other Factors on Dietary and Physical Activity Behavior of Elementary Students in a Peripheral Region: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Pfister Franziska , Pozas Claudia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: In 2016, Chile implemented the Food Labeling and Advertising Law to fight childhood obesity through front-of-package food labelling, marketing restrictions and school activities and programs. Nevertheless, little is known on its influence on key stakeholders in vulnerable peripheral regions of the country. This study aimed at identifying important influencing factors including the Food Labeling and Advertising Law on dietary habits and physical activity patterns of second graders in Chile, as perceived by school representatives and the children themselves.Methods: Semi-structured interviews with four school directors and 17 groups of three second graders, informal interviews with 9 key teachers and 4 food services staff complemented with documented observations were carried out in four primary schools of the Chilean city of Punta Arenas, in the Magallanes Punta Arenas region. The different sources allowed for triangulation of results.Results: FLAL seems to have a negligible influence on young children’s diet and physical activity in the study region. Barriers are children’s deeply rooted dietary habits, excessive screen-time, the parents’ lacking problem awareness, limited time for parenting practices and bad role modeling. Environmental barriers are overloaded schools due to insufficient coordination between governmental entities, lacking funds for sound teacher training and unsafe neighborhoods limiting children’s play.Conclusions: Policy interventions aimed at reducing childhood obesity need to include and empower schools, families and local communities as active partners and consider their framework conditions for greater influence on dietary habits and physical activity.
Bacterial community analysis of Rangori spring of Uttarakhand, India by 16S-rRNA Gene sequencing
Authors: CHHIMWAL MONIKA , Pandey Diksha , Srivast Rajeev kumar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The focus of this research is to conduct a large-scale metagenomic investigation of a notable spring in Uttarakhand i.e., Rangori spring in the ecologically unique region of Ramnagar in order to identify the resident microbial population. The sample was collected from Ramnagar, Nainital district of Uttarakhand the identification. The goal of this study is to look at the bacterial diversity in spring water. The MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze and compare the bacterial diversity and community composition of samples from spring water samples. Overall, 519 optimized reads were obtained from the samples based on high-throughput sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Bacterial species detected in these samples covered 46 phyla, 53 orders, 121 families, 422 genera and 521 species. According to the analysis it was found that the samples included a plethora of bacterial variety. The dominating bacteria's distribution features revealed patterns of a high number of unusual species and a few common types. Taxonomic assignment analysis indicated that Proteobacteria, Bacteriodes, OD1, Cyanobacteria Planctomycetes, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Chlamydiae and Verrucomicrobiadominated in the water and accounted for 93.36% at phylum level. The predominant groups were Heliscomenobacter, Lacibactor, Lysobacter, Novosphingobium, Planctomyces, Reyranella, Rheinheimera, Rhodobacter, Sediminibacterium, Sphingobiumat genus level. At species level vibrioides, somerae, colicanis, prausnitzii, rhizosphaerae, cauensis, brunescens, australicum ,massiliensis, yanoikuyaewere the abundant taxa, while vey small community of Archaea were presented: Methanocullaus, Cenarchaeu, Candidatus Nitrososphera This research deepens the understanding on microbial community in spring water and provide references for the association of bacterial composition and diversity along with their significance.
IMproving PULmonary hypertension Screening by Echocardiography: IMPULSE
Authors: Slegg Oliver Graham , Willis James Alexander , Wilkinson Fiona , Sparey Joseph , Wild Christopher Basil , Rossdale Jennifer , Ross Robert Mackenzie , Pauling John D , Carson Kevin , Kandan Sri Raveen , Oxborough David , Knight Daniel , Peacock Oliver , Suntharalingam Jay , Coghlan Gerry John , Augustine Daniel Xavier 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The World symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) has proposed that PH be defined as a mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (mPAP) >20mmHg as assessed by Right Heart Catheterisation (RHC). Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE) is an established screening tool used for suspected PH. International guidelines recommend a multi-parameter assessment of the TTE PH probability although effectiveness has not been established using real world data.Study aims: To determine accuracy of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and British Society of Echocardiography (BSE) TTE probability algorithm in detecting PH in patients attending a UK PH centre. To identify echocardiographic markers and revised algorithms to improve the detection of PH in those with low/intermediate BSE/ESC TTE PH probability.Method: TTE followed by RHC (within 4 months) was undertaken in patients for suspected but previously unconfirmed PH. BSE/ESC PH TTE probabilities were calculated alongside additional markers of right ventricular (RV) longitudinal and radial function, and RV diastolic function. A refined IMPULSE algorithm was devised and evaluated in patients with low and/or intermediate ESC / BSE TTE PH probability.Results: Of 310 patients assessed, 236 (76%) had RHC-confirmed PH (average mPAP 42.8±11.7). Sensitivity and specificity for detecting PH using the BSE/ESC recommendations was 89% and 68%, respectively. 36% of those with low BSE/ESC TTE probability had RHC-confirmed PH and BSE/ESC PH probability parameters did not differ amongst those with and without PH in the low probability group. Conversely, RV free wall longitudinal strain (RVFWLS) was lower in patients with vs. without PH in low BSE/ESC probability group (-20.6%±4.1 vs -23.8±3.9%) (P<0.02). Incorporating RVFWLS and TTE features of RV radial and diastolic function (RVFAC and IVRT) within the IMPULSE algorithm reduced false negatives in patients with low BSE/ESC PH probability by 29%. The IMPULSE algorithm had excellent specificity and positive predictive value in those with low (93% / 80%, respectively) or intermediate (82% / 86%, respectively) PH probability.Conclusion: Existing TTE PH probability guidelines lack sensitivity to detect patients with milder haemodynamic forms of PH. Combining additional TTE makers assessing RV radial, longitudinal and diastolic function enhance identification of milder forms of PH, particularly in those who have a low BSE/ ESC TTE PH probability.
The unique diagnostic and management challenge of a patient with concomitant Anti-Interferon-Gamma Autoantibody Associated Immunodeficiency Syndrome, IgG4-Related Disease, and treatment refractory disseminated Mycobacterium Avium Complex infection.
Authors: Boyle Spencer , Hagiya Ashley , Nguyen Minh-Vu H. , Liebman Howard , Lee Jin Sol G. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Anti-interferon-gamma autoantibody-associated immunodeficiency syndrome is a rare and underrecognized adult onset immunodeficiency syndrome associated with severe opportunistic infections such as disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterium. Few cases have documented a relationship with IgG4-related disease. Concomitant diagnoses of these diseases present a diagnostic and management challenge.
Case Presentation:
A 61 year old man of Southeast Asian descent with pulmonary mycobacterium avium complex infection presented to our hospital system with a new skin rash and worsening lymphadenopathy. He was eventually diagnosed with IgG4-related disease through excisional nodal biopsy. He was managed with immunosuppressive treatment with prednisone, rituximab and cyclophosphamide. He later re-presented with disseminated mycobacterium avium complex infiltration of his joints, bones and prostate. Original titers of anti-interferon-gamma autoantibodies were falsely negative due to being on immunosuppressive therapy for his IgG4-related disease. However, anti-interferon-gamma autoantibody titers were re-sent after immunosuppression was held and returned strongly positive.
Conclusions
This case reviews diagnostic criteria and discusses management strategies with existing challenges in treating a patient with concomitant adult onset immunodeficiency syndrome, IgG4-related disease and a disseminated mycobacterial avium complex infection.
Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a telemedicine programme for preventing unplanned hospitalisations of older adults living in nursing homes: The GERONTACCESS Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Gayot Caroline , Laubarie-Mouret Cecile , Zarca Kevin , Mimouni Maroua , Cardinaud Noelle , Luce Sandrine , Tovena Isabelle , Durand-Zaleski Isabelle , Laroche Marie-Laure , Preux Pierre-Marie , Tchalla Achille 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The GERONTACCESS trial evaluated the utility and cost-effectiveness of a gerontological telemedicine (TLM) programme for preventing unplanned hospitalisation of residents living in nursing homes (NHs) in regions lacking medical facilities (“medical deserts”). DESIGN: GERONTACCESS was a 12-month, multicentre, prospective cluster-randomised trial conducted in NHs. The intervention group underwent TLM assessments every 3 months. The control group received the usual care. In both groups, comprehensive on-site assessments were conducted at baseline and the final visit. Care requirements were documented throughout the study.SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: NH residents aged > 60 years with multiple chronic diseases.METHODS: The study outcomes were the proportion of patients who experienced avoidable and unplanned hospitalisation, and the incremental cost savings per quality-adjusted life years from baseline to the 12-month follow-up.RESULTS: Of the 426 randomised participants (mean ± standard deviation age, 87.2 ± 7.6 years; 311 [73.0%] women), 23.4% in the intervention group and 32.5% in the control group experienced unplanned hospitalisation (odds ratio [OR] = 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.43 to 0.97; p = 0.034). Each avoided hospitalisation in the intervention group saved $US 3,846. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The results of GERONTACCESS revealed that our gerontological, preventative TLM program significantly reduced unplanned hospitalisations. This innovative intervention limited disease progression and promoted a healthy lifestyle among NH residents.TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02816177, registered June 28, 2016.
Association between serum albumin and 60-day mortality in Chinese Hakka patients with non-APL acute myeloid leukemia: A Retrospective cohort study
Authors: Xiao Zuomiao , Li Haibo , Xiao Dejun , Liu Yulan , Chen Xianchun , Luo Shi , Ji Yanhong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the main type of adult leukemia, and 60-day mortality is a vital clinical problem that doctors have to face at the begin with treatment. Studies on the association between serum albumin and 60-day mortality from AML (non-APL) are limited.
Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, ALB was measured after admission in all patients diagnosed with primary AML from the Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University between January 2013 and May 2021. The outcome was all-cause, 60-day mortality. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to calculate the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results
This study included 394 primary AML patients. The overall 60-day mortality was 29.2% (115/394); it was 43.8% (57/130), 27.5% (36/131), and 16.5% (22/133) for ALB quantile1 (Q1, < 34.5 g/L), quantile 2 (Q2, 34.5–38.5g/L), and quantile 3 (Q3, ≥ 38.6g/L), respectively (P = 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, we found an association between a 9% decrease in 60-day mortality rate and a 1 g/L increase in ALB level (HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86–0.96, P = 0.001), which was associated with 38% and 70% decreases in 60-day mortality rates in Q2 (HR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.37–1.04, P = 0.072) and Q3 (HR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.15–0.60, P = 0.001), respectively, compared with that in Q1. Similar results were obtained after subgrouping based on an ALB level of 35 g/L (HR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.35–0.91, P = 0.020).
Conclusions
Serum albumin was significantly associated with 60-day mortality of primary AML, which has important clinical significance. Further investigation is warranted.
Management of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions to antituberculosis drug: Succesful Desensitization
Authors: KATRAN ZEYNEP YEGİN , Bulut İsmet , Babalık Aylin , Keren Metin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective: Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction includes reactions such as dry itching, rash, urticaria, angioedema, and anaphylaxis that usually occur within the first hour after taking the drug. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the prevalence of type 1 hypersensitivity reaction under treatment and treatment management in tuberculosis patients.Methods: The study is a case series; All of the patients who were hospitalized between 01.02.2015- 01.05.2021 were examined. All patients who developed a drug-induced type 1 hypersensitivity reaction were included. Antituberculosis drugs were given with the protocol made by Buhari et al. However, unlike what is stated in the protocol, pyrazinamide was given last during the administration of the drugs.Results: 2677 patients received inpatient tuberculosis treatment; type 1 hypersensitivity reactions were seen in 94 (3.5%) patients. Due to missing data in the file, 81 patients were included in the study. 44 (54.3%) of the cases were women; mean age (mean ± SD) 50.7 ± 17.69 years; 76 (93.8%) of them are citizens of the Republic of Turkey; 58 (71.6%) of them were diagnosed bacteriologically; 65 (80.2%) of them were pulmonary tuberculosis. The most common skin finding was urticaria in 49 (60.5%). The drug responsible for the most common reaction was pyrazinamide. In 49 (60.5%) cases, drugs were given by desensitization and it was successful. The duration of treatment was 7.91 ± 2.5 months (6-18 months). When evaluated in terms of treatment results, 68 (84%) patients successfully completed the treatment.Conclusion: Our study is the largest series of patients in which the demographic and clinical characteristics of type 1 IgE-mediated hypersensitivity developed under antituberculosis treatment were examined. An applicable, understandable and successful diagnostic process roadmap and desensitization scheme that can be used in this situation are presented.
The Effects of Joint Hypermobility on Pain and Functional Biomechanics in Adolescents with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain
Authors: Black William , Wright Laura A. , DiCesare Christopher A. , Thomas Staci , Pfeiffer Megan , Kitchen Katie , Ting Tracy V. , Williams Sara E. , Myer Gregory D. , Kashikar-Zuck Susmita 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Joint hypermobility (JH) is a common clinical finding amongst hereditary connective tissue disorders that is observed in pediatric rheumatological settings, and often associated with chronic pain. JH may also contribute to deficits in physical functioning and physical activity, but previous findings have been inconsistent. It is possible that physical activity impairment in JH may be due to chronic aberrant movement patterns subsequent to increased joint laxity. Within a larger study of juvenile onset fibromyalgia (JFM), a secondary analysis was conducted to explore whether adolescents with JFM and JH differed from non-JH peers in terms of pain, daily functioning, and movement biomechanics during a moderately vigorous functional task. Findings: Thirteen adolescents (36.1%) from the larger sample of adolescents with JFM (N=36) met criteria for JH. Those with JH exhibited poorer overall functioning but there were no differences in pain. Those with JH exhibited decreased hip flexion and frontal plane hip moment (e.g., resistance to dynamic valgus) during the landing phase (early stance) and greater hip and knee transverse plane moments during the propulsion phase (late stance) of the drop vertical jump task (DVJ). No other differences in lower extremity biomechanics were observed between study groups. Conclusions: There were small but notable differences in biomechanics between patients with JFM who also had JH versus those without JH during a landing and jumping task (e.g., DVJ). These differences may indicate decreased joint stiffness during landing, associated with increased joint laxity and decreased joint stability, which may put them at greater risk for injury. Further study is warranted to examine whether these biomechanical differences in patients with JFM and JH affect their response to typical physical therapy or exercise recommendations.
PCSK9 Knockdown can improve myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting autophagy
Authors: Huang Guangwei , Lu Xiyang , Duan Zonggang , Zhang Kai , Xiong Xinlin , Lin Mu zhi , Li Chao , Li Yunquan , Xu Lei , Zhou Haiyan , Luo Zhenhua , Li Wei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background and Aim: This study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) and provide a reference for clinical prevention and treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).METHODS: We established a rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model and AC16 hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model. A total of 48 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n=16): control, I/R, and I/R +SiRNA. In I/R and I/R +siRNA groups, myocardial ischemia was induced via occlusion of the left anterior descending branch (LAD) of the coronary artery in rats in I/R group for 0.5 h and reperfused for three days. To assess the myocardial injury, the rats were subjected to an electrocardiogram (ECG), cardiac function tests, cardiac enzymes analysis, and 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC)/Evan Blue (EB) staining. Meanwhile, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to detect morphological changes in cardiomyocytes in each group, and the level of myocardial fibrosis was quantified using Masson trichrome staining. Differences in the expression of autophagy-level proteins and Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa interacting protein (Bnip3) signaling-related proteins were determined by protein blotting.RESULTS: I/R and H/R injury increased the expression level of PCSK9, activated the downstream Bnip3, and subsequently triggered autophagy. In vitro and in vivo experimental studies revealed that siRNA knockdown of PCSK9 resulted in reduced expression of the autophagic protein Beclin-1, light chain 3 (LC3) compared to normal control-treated cells and control-operated groups. Simultaneously, the presentation of the autophagic pathway Bnip3 was downregulated. Furthermore, PCSK9-mediated small interfering RNA (siRNA) group injected into the left ventricular wall significantly improved cardiac function and myocardial infarct size, as well as the expression of mRNA of Recombinant Human Interleukin-1β（IL-1β. Moreover, Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) was significantly downregulated and reduced the inflammatory response compared with the I/R group.CONCLUSIONS: In ischemic/hypoxic circumstances, PCSK9 expression was dramatically increased. PCSK9 knockdown alleviated MIRI via the Bnip3-mediated autophagic pathway and improved inflammatory response, myocardial infarct size, and cardiac function.