bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nr6a1 controls Hox expression dynamics and is a master regulator of vertebrate trunk development
Authors: Chang Yi-Cheng , Manent Jan , Schroeder Jan , Wong Siew Fen Lisa , Hauswirth Gabriel M. , Shylo Natalia A. , Moore Emma L. , Achilleos Annita , Garside Victoria , Polo Jose M. , Trainor Paul , McGlinn Edwina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe vertebrate main-body axis is laid down during embryonic stages in an anterior-to-posterior (head-to-tail) direction, driven and supplied by posteriorly located progenitors. Whilst posterior expansion and segmentation appears broadly uniform along the axis, there is developmental and evolutionary support for at least two discrete modules controlling processes within different axial regions: a trunk and a tail module. Here, we identify Nuclear receptor subfamily 6 group A member 1 (Nr6a1) as a master regulator of trunk development in the mouse. Specifically, Nr6a1 was found to control vertebral number and segmentation of the trunk region, autonomously from other axial regions. Moreover, Nr6a1 was essential for the timely progression of Hox signatures, and neural versus mesodermal cell fate choice, within axial progenitors. Collectively, Nr6a1 has an axially-restricted role in all major cellular and tissue-level events required for vertebral column formation, supporting the view that changes in Nr6a1 levels may underlie evolutionary changes in axial formulae.
Decarbonization, population disruption and resource inventories in the global energy transition
Authors: Svobodova Kamila , Owen John R. , Kemp Deanna , Moudrý Vítězslav , Lèbre Éléonore , Stringer Martin , Sovacool Benjamin K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe develop a novel approach to analysing decarbonisation strategies by linking global resource inventories with demographic systems. Our ‘mine-town systems’ approach establishes an empirical basis for examining the spatial extent of the transition and demographic effects of changing energy systems. The research highlights an urgent need for targeted macro-level planning as global markets see a decline in thermal coal and a ramp up of other mining commodities. Our findings suggest that ramping up energy transition metals (ETM) could be more disruptive to demographic systems than ramping down coal. The data shows asymmetry in the distribution of risks: mine-town systems within the United States are most sensitive to coal phase-out, while systems in Australia and Canada are most sensitive to ETM phase-in. A complete phase-out of coal could disrupt demographic systems with a minimum of 33.5 million people, and another 115.7 million people if all available ETM projects enter production.
Atomically dispersed golds on degradable zero-valent copper nanocubes augment oxygen driven Fenton-like reaction for effective orthotopic tumor therapy
Authors: Wang Liu-Chun , Chang Li-Chan , Chen Wen-Qi , Chien Yi-Hsin , Chang Po-Ya , Pao Chih-Wen , Liu Yin-Fen , Sheu Hwo-Shuenn , Su Wen-Pin , Yeh Chen-Hao , Yeh Chen-Sheng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHerein, we employ a galvanic replacement approach to create atomically dispersed Au on degradable zero-valent Cu nanocubes for tumor treatments on female mice. Controlling the addition of precursor HAuCl4allows for the fabrication of different atomic ratios of AuxCuy. X-ray absorption near edge spectra indicates that Au and Cu are the predominant oxidation states of zero valence. This suggests that the charges of Au and Cu remain unchanged after galvanic replacement. Specifically, Au0.02Cu0.98composition reveals the enhanced •OH generation following O2 → H2O2 → •OH. The degradable Au0.02Cu0.98released Cu+and Cu2+resulting in oxygen reduction and Fenton-like reactions. Simulation studies indicate that Au single atoms boot zero-valent copper to reveal the catalytic capability of Au0.02Cu0.98for O2 → H2O2 → •OH as well. Instead of using endogenous H2O2, H2O2can be sourced from the O2in the air through the use of nanocubes. Notably, the Au0.02Cu0.98structure is degradable and renal-clearable.
Incidence of Parkinson disease in North America
Authors: Willis A. W. , Roberts E. , Beck J. C. , Fiske B. , Ross W. , Savica R. , Van Den Eeden S. K. , Tanner C. M. , Marras C. ,   on behalf of the Parkinson’s Foundation P4 Group, Alcalay Roy , Schwarzschild Michael , Racette Brad , Chen Honglei , Church Tim , Wilson Bill , Doria James M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractParkinson disease (PD) is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative condition diagnosed in North America. We recently demonstrated, using multiple epidemiological data sources, that the prevalence of PD diagnoses was greater than previously reported and currently used for clinical, research, and policy decision-making. Prior PD incidence estimates have varied, for unclear reasons. There is a need for improved estimates of PD incidence, not only for care delivery planning and future policy but also for increasing our understanding of disease risk. The objective of this study was thus to investigate the incidence of Parkinson disease across five epidemiological cohorts in North America in a common year, 2012. The cohorts contained data on 6.7 million person-years of adults ages 45 and older, and 9.3 million person-years of adults ages 65 and older. Our estimates of age-sex-adjusted incidence of PD ranged from 108 to 212 per 100,000 among persons ages 65 and older, and from 47 to 77 per 100,00 among persons ages 45 and older. PD incidence increased with age and was higher among males. We also found persistent spatial clustering of incident PD diagnoses in the U.S. PD incidence estimates varied across our data sources, in part due to case ascertainment and diagnosis methods, but also possibly due to the influence of population factors (prevalence of genetic risk factors or protective markers) and geographic location (exposure to environmental toxins). Understanding the source of these variations will be important for health care policy, research, and care planning.
Reliability assessment of transformer insulating oil using accelerated life testing
Authors: Wei Xingchun , Wang Zhiming , Guo Junfeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo improve the reliability and reduce the maintenance cost of transformer oil, a life prediction of transformer oil is needed so that the maintenance of transformer can be performed correctly. However, it is difficult to predict the reliable lifetime of transformer oil accurately because of its unkind operating condition at different environments. To solve this problem, based on the theory of accelerated life testing (ALT), a reliability assessment method for transformer insulating oil on a normal operational conditions is proposed. An inverse power Weibull distribution model for insulating oil lifetime with voltage is built. Numerical procedure of model parameter estimation is presented, the variances of model parameters and reliability indices, which including mean lifetime, reliability, reliable lifetime at given reliability and failure rate, are derived. The feasibility and correctness of the proposed method are validated by real lifetime data of transformer insulating oil in literature. The reliability of transformer insulating oil used at normal usage conditions are predicted by the proposed method, and the point and interval estimations of reliability indices are evaluated. The results show that reliable lifetime and mean lifetime under reliability limit should be considered simultaneously in repair or replacement of transformer insulating oil.
Microfluidic synthesis of graphene oxide/MnO2-incorporated self-propelling micromotors for organic dye removal
Authors: Ho Hoang Gia Vinh , Yoo Pil J. 
Published: December 2022

Microfluidically synthesized anisotropically-shaped micromotors with concave dimple, embedded with MnO2 and graphene oxide, exploit their autonomous motion to successfully capture and remove organic dye molecules from an aqueous environment.
Hypoxie: schädlich oder therapeutisch nützlich?
Authors: Boschmann Michael 
Published: December 2022

SummaryMenschen, die dauerhaft unter hypoxischen Bedingungen leben, haben ein geringeres Risiko für Adipositas. Gründe hierfür sind ein veränderter Grundumsatz, aber auch eine verringerte Nahrungsaufnahme. Untersuchungen zeigen, dass regelmäßiges Ausdauertraining unter hypoxischen Bedingungen das Risiko für kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen senken kann.
Einfluss einer ausgewählten Nährstoffkombination im Vergleich zu Selen auf den Schilddrüsenstoffwechsel und die Lebensqualität bei chronischer Autoimmunthyreoiditis
Authors: Spaeth Andrea , Lehner Michael , Gruber Andreas 
Published: December 2022

SummaryDie Hashimoto-Thyreoiditis ist eine Autoimmunerkrankung und die häufigste Ursache einer Schilddrüsenunterfunktion. Durch eine immunologische Fehlsteuerung entsteht eine chronische Entzündung der Schilddrüse, die das Schilddrüsengewebe partiell oder vollständig zerstört. Es ist bereits bekannt, dass Selen einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Schilddrüsenfunktion hat. Deutlich weniger bekannt ist, dass auch andere Mikronährstoffe eine wesentliche Rolle spielen. Wir haben eine randomisierte, doppelblinde Pilotstudie an 100 Teilnehmer*innen mit einer Autoimmunthyreoiditis durchgeführt. Dabei verglichen wir die Effekte von Selen 200 µg (Gruppe A) mit denen der registrierten Nährstoffkombination HASHIDOR® (Gruppe B) auf den gesamten Schilddrüsenstoffwechsel über einen Zeitraum von sechs Monaten. Das primäre Ziel war die Veränderung der einzelnen Schilddrüsenparameter (TSH, fT4, fT3, ATPO, ATg) sowie der Nährstoffe Selen, Vitamin D3, Zink und Ferritin zu analysieren. Als sekundäres Ziel wurde die Auswirkung der Supplementierung auf den allgemeinen Gesundheitszustand mittels dem zertifizierten SF36-Gesundheitsfragebogen untersucht. Eine Subgruppenanalyse mit ATPO >300 U/ml (n=33) zeigte eine deutliche Reduktion der TPO-Antikörperkonzentration um 11,4% in der Gruppe B, während in Gruppe A eine Steigerung von 1,8% gemessen wurde (p=0,10). Bei TSH und den freien Schilddrüsenhormonspiegeln konnten wir im direkten Vergleich keine Unterschiede beobachten. Die Ausgangswerte von Selen verbesserten sich in Gruppe A um 26,6% gegenüber 6,4% in Gruppe B (p<0,01). Die Vitamin D3-Konzentration erhöhte sich in Gruppe B um 40,6% gegenüber 3,7% in Gruppe A (p<0,01). Der Zinkspiegel stieg in Gruppe B um 8,2%, während sich in Gruppe A der Wert um 1,1% verringerte (p=0,002). In Punkto Lebensqualität verbesserte sich in beiden Gruppen die körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit.Die Studie legt nahe, dass eine Supplementierung mit der registrierten Nährstoffkombination HASHIDOR® einerseits zu einer verbesserten Nährstoffversorgung führt und andererseits zu immunmodulierenden Effekten beiträgt. Die Zufuhr der ausgewählten Mikronährstoffe könnte bei Hashimoto-Thyreoiditis insbesondere bei einer hohen Aktivität nützlich sein, auch für diejenigen, die bereits Levothyroxin erhalten.
Getting by in rural France: La débrouille as a form of quiet popular resistance?
Authors: Hugues Fanny 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
This article examines the informal economic practices adopted by those on low incomes in the French countryside and the different meanings attached to them. Two groups are distinguished: the first, from the agricultural or rural working class, resorts to la débrouille (a term which reflects a set of activities involved in getting by, making do, and being resourceful) out of necessity and do not attach any political significance to these practices; the second, from urban working or lower middle class backgrounds, politicise this way of life as a means of reducing their dependence on the capitalist system. This article is based on interviews and ethnographic material from forty people living in six different rural areas in France. The analysis adopts an emic perspective of la débrouille to question its scientific (and political) interpretation in terms of resistance, showing the diversity of meanings attached to it, ranging from an ambivalent popular ‘sense of self’ to a more politicised appropriation of this working class way of life.
Quetiapine Fumarate: A Review of Analytical Methods
Authors: Hamsa Ahsaana , Karumandampalayam Shanmugaramasamy Kokilambigai , Kariyarambath Praseetha , Kathirvel Singaram 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAtypical antipsychotics are newer second-generation antipsychotics with weak dopamine type 2 blocking but potent 5-HT2 antagonistic activity. They are considered first-line treatments for schizophrenia and gradually replace typical antipsychotics. Extrapyramidal side effects are minimal, and they tend to improve impaired cognitive function in psychotics. Quetiapine fumarate is an atypical antipsychotic drug used to treat schizophrenia, mania and depression in people with bipolar disorder combined with other drugs or alone. Quetiapine was developed in 1985 and approved for medical use in the USA in 1997. Thorough computer-aided literature, surveys revealed that numerous analytical methods were reported over the years. The present study reviews analytical methods with their validation parameters published during the last 22 years (1999–2021) either as a single entity or combination in dosage form, and determination from biological samples. Novel strategies for increasing separation quality, such as QbD analysis and green spectroscopy, were discovered during the evaluation, and this review can be utilized for further research reference.
1105 VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION SPECTRAL AREA (AMSA) AND LOW-ENERGY SHOCK SUCCESS PREDICTION IN PATIENTS WITH OUT-OF-HOSPITAL CARDIAC ARREST
Authors: Gentile Francesca Romana , Compagnoni Sara , Baldi Enrico , Aramendi Elisabete , Isasi Iraia , Contri Enrico , Currao Alessia , Bendotti Sara , Primi Roberto , Palo Alessandra , Savastano Simone 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction
In case of cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT), the optimal energy level for defibrillation is that which achieves defibrillation and minimize the current-induced myocardial damage. Therefore, it would be reasonable to reduce the energy level as well as the number of shocks. ECG-based VF waveform analysis features such as amplitude spectral area (AMSA) have been recently introduced as predictors of shock success but their predictivity for shock success with low energy level is not known.
We aimed to assess whether AMSA of VF is able to predict the efficacy of low energy level for defibrillation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients.

Methods
All the OHCAs with at least one shockable rhythm occurred from January 2015 to December 2020 in the province of Pavia, Italy, were considered. AMSA values were calculated by retrospectively analyzing the data collected by the Corpuls 3 monitors/defibrillators and by using a 2-second-pre-shock ECG interval.

Results
Among 4619 OHCA, AMSA values and energy for defibrillation were documented in 791 shocks, of which 45% received a shock at low energy (&lt;= 150J) and 55% at high energy (&gt;150J).
The rate of efficacy between the two groups did not differ significantly (44% vs 38%, p=0.102), however in patients efficaciously treated with low energy, AMSA was higher compared to those efficaciously treated with high energy [13.2 mV·Hz (12.5-14.2) vs 10.8 (10.1-11.5), p&lt;0.001]. Moreover, AMSA was found to be different even when comparing ineffective shock at low energy with effective shock at high energy [(6.6 (4.6-10) vs 10.8 (8.1-13.8), p&lt;0.001] and similar when comparing ineffective shock at low and at high energy [6.6 (4.6-10) vs 6.3 (4.5-8.7), p=0.21].
By dividing AMSA values into three tertiles the rate of shock success at low energy was found to be different: [T1 (0.7-6.2) 4.2%; T2 (6.2-10.8) 13%; T3 (10.8-63.2) 42%, Chi squared p&lt;0.001 and p for trend &lt;0.001]. After correction for age, sex, amiodarone use, call to shock time, AMSA values corresponding to the third and second tertile were associated with higher probability of shock success compared with the values in the lowest tertile [T3 OR 15 (95%CI 7-30), p&lt; 0.001; T2 OR 3 (95%CI 1-7), p= 0.002].

Conclusion
Amplitude spectral area (AMSA) of VF is a predictor of shock success at low energy. This could be useful to optimize the choice of energy limiting the current related myocardial injury.
1101 AN UNUSUAL CASE OF PHRENIC NERVE STIMULATION IN A PATIENT WITH SINGLE CHAMBER IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATOR
Authors: De Innocentiis Carlo , Astore Pasquale , Buonpane Angela , Santamaria Antonia Pia , Patragnoni Francesco , Santamaria Matteo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Phrenic nerve stimulation is a well-recognized complication related to cardiac implantable electronic devices, in particular with left ventricular coronary sinus pacing leads for cardiac resynchronization therapy.

Case presentation
We report an unusual case of symptomatic phrenic nerve stimulation due to inadvertent placement of a right ventricular defibrillation lead in coronary sinus posterior branch in a patient with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction with a recently implanted single-chamber cardioverter defibrillator.

Discussion
Phrenic nerve stimulation is a relatively common complication of left ventricular pacing. Inadvertent placement of a right ventricular lead in a coronary sinus branch is a rare but possible cause of phrenic nerve stimulation. Careful evaluation of intraprocedural fluoroscopic and electrocardiographic appearance of pacing and defibrillation leads during implantation may prevent inadvertent placement of a right ventricular lead in the coronary sinus.
1049 PREVALENCE OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND FEASIBILITY OF PULMONARY VEIN ISOLATION AFTER PATENT FORAMEN OVALE CLOSURE
Authors: Fabbricatore Davide , Gallinoro Emanuele , Paolisso Pasquale , Valeriano Chiara , Potter Tom De 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Data about prevalence and the risk of atrial fibrillation, stroke, and need for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) after device closure of a patent foramen ovale (PFO) are still lacking.
We aim to investigate the prevalence and the risk of atrial fibrillation after PFO closure and the feasibility of PVI in a PFO closure cohort compared to contemporary PVI without PFO closure.

Methods
retrospective observational study of consecutive patients undergoing PFO closure enrolled from February 2013 to September 2020. Patients were divided into 3 groups: i) patients without AF before and after the procedure (n=132), ii) patients with paroxysmal AF prior to the procedure (n=21), iii) patients with documented AF after the procedure (n=13). All patients with AF occurrence were treated with adequate anticoagulation therapy according to the current ESC Guidelines. We compared the procedural data of these patients to a matched contemporary cohort without previous PFO closure undergoing PVI in our center. AF and stroke prevalence and PVI feasibility after PFO closure were assessed at follow up.

Results
one-hundred and sixty-six consecutive PFO closure patients were enrolled; the mean age was 54 ± 13 years. Median follow-up was 3.5 + 2.5 years. During the study period, 21 patients had AF before or after the PFO closure (group 2) and 13 (7.8%) new onset AF (group 3). Stroke after the PFO closure occurred in 8 patients (4.8%), of which 4 in the group with new onset AF (30% of the group 3).
Among the 34 patients with AF, 10 patients (6%) underwent a PVI. Compared to a contemporary matched PVI cohort, total procedural times and fluoroscopy times were significantly higher in the patients with previous PFO closure (108±15 vs 75±29, p=0.002 and 3±1.5 vs 8±7, p&lt;0.001). Similar rate of AF relapses (p=0.198) was observed between the two groups, with a trend for higher rate of complication (pericardial effusion) for the cohort with previous PFO closure (p=0.06).

Conclusion
This study shows that a more accurate screening and treatment of AF is needed in patients with cryptogenic stroke despite the presence of a PFO, possibly a bystander. In our study, 30% of patients with new onset AF after PFO closure, experienced a further stroke after the procedure. In case of AF, the indication for PVI should be considered prior to the PFO closure since it turns out to be more difficult in terms of procedural and fluoroscopy times and risks of complications after PFO closure.
657 RECURRENT TYPICAL ATRIAL FLUTTER UNDERGOING ABLATION IN A JUVENILE PATIENTS’ SERIES
Authors: Oliva Carlo-agostino , Seganfreddo Francesca , Marazzi Raffaella , Doni Lorenzo Adriano , Croce Francesca , Marazzato Jacopo , De Ponti Roberto 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Aims
Cavotricuspid isthmus ablation is a routine procedure in electrophysiology laboratories. It is mainly performed as treatment for cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent atrial flutter, which is rare in young patients without structural heart disease. Safety and efficacy data regarding this procedure in such patients are scarce. In this case series we present the clinical characteristics and procedure related outcomes of 3 juvenile patients without overt structural heart disease who underwent cavotricuspid isthmus ablation in our Hospital for recurrent typical atrial flutter.

Methods and Results
Of the 1217 flutter ablation procedures performed in our Hospital from 2003 to 2022, 3 were on juvenile, otherwise healthy patients. The median patient age was 19.3 years old. All of them had a history of recurrent paroxysmal typical atrial flutter, which was initially terminated with electrical cardioversion. Given the young age no pharmacological prophylaxis was initiated, but on the subsequent recurrence we decided for an ablative strategy. Echocardiography and/or MRI excluded structural heart disease. One of them had experienced flutter induced tachycardiomyopathy, while one underwent previous cavotricuspid isthmus ablation with subsequent arrhythmia relapse.
All the procedures were conducted using standard electrophysiology equipment successfully, without significant complications. Baseline electric characteristics of cavotricuspid isthmus were recorded and block of conduction was confirmed using standard protocols.

Conclusion
Recurrent cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent atrial flutter in young Patients without structural heart disease is exceptionally rare, and ablation is seldom performed. In this case series we present 3 patients with such characteristics, and in whom cavotricuspid isthmus radiofrequency ablation was successfully performed.