bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of drying temperature on umami taste and aroma profiles of mushrooms (Suillus granulatus)
Authors: Hou Zhenshan , Wei Yunyun , Sun Libin , Xia Rongrong , Xu Heran , Li Yunting , Feng Yao , Fan Wenli , Xin Guang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTemperature is one of the most important factors for drying edible mushrooms. To evaluate the effects of different hot‐air drying (HAD) temperatures on the umami taste and aroma profile of Suillus granulatus (S. granulatus) mushrooms, we measured umami substances and volatile compounds of S. granulatus dried at 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, and 80°C. Results showed that when dried at 60°C, S. granulatus exhibited significantly higher (p < 0.05) equivalent umami concentration, taste activity values of glutamic acid (Glu) and 5′‐guanosine monophosphate (5′‐GMP), and electronic tongue umami sensory scores. The results identified a total of 71 volatile components of which geranylacetone, benzaldehyde, phenylethyl alcohol, and 3‐methylbutanoic acid were the dominant compounds. Sensory evaluation and relative odor activity values (ROAVs) revealed that 16 volatile compounds were the key volatile organic compounds contributing mushroom‐like and sweet odor to the overall aroma of S. granulatus; these included 1‐octen‐3‐ol (ROAV: 15.11‐62.06) and ethyl phenylacetate (ROAV: 13.62‐79.11). The drying temperature changed the aroma profile of S. granulatus. Furthermore, the mushroom dried at 60°C had a more desirable mushroom‐like and almond odor. It was, therefore, proposed that HAD at 60°C was optimal for retaining a pleasant flavor in S. granulatus. This study provides a theoretical basis for the optimal drying condition selection for the mushroom processing industry.Practical ApplicationHot‐air drying at 60°C can significantly retain the flavor of S. granulatus and is an optimal temperature for mushroom drying.
Identification of zinc‐chelating pumpkin seed (Cucurbita pepo L.) peptides and in vitro transport of peptide–zinc chelates
Authors: Peng Mengyao , Lu Dan , Yu Min , Jiang Bo , Chen Jingjing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this study, pumpkin seeds peptide was purified, characterized, and evaluated for their zinc‐chelating capability, as well as in vitro bioaccessibility and transportation. Raw pumpkin seeds protein hydrolysate (PSPH) was produced by papain hydrolysis. The peptide fractions with the highest zinc‐chelating abilities were purified using immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) followed by gel filtration chromatography (GF). Eight peptides were identified, two of which with the lowest molecular weights were synthesized (RPKHPLK and RPKHPLSHDL) for determining potential bioaccessibility and bioavailability. Our results showed that the gastrointestinal stability of RPKHPLK‐Zn and RPKHPLSHDL‐Zn was higher than that of inorganic zinc salts in the simulated gastrointestinal tract model. Furthermore, the influence of the peptide zinc chelates on zinc transport was explored in vitro using Caco‐2 cell monolayer model. It was also shown that both RPKHPLK‐Zn and RPKHPLSHDL‐Zn could increase zinc transport rate and may be used to facilitate effective zinc absorption. The result of this study may provide important implications for developing plant protein foods with higher nutritional value.Practical ApplicationAs a potential alternative protein source, pumpkin seeds may find promising applications in plant‐based foods and drinks to meet the growing market for nonanimal foods. In this study, pumpkin seed protein peptides were prepared and purified, and the zinc‐chelating peptides were identified and evaluated for the abilities to promote the uptake of zinc. This type of mineral peptide chelates could be incorporated into plant‐based foods to increase mineral contents, which is significantly higher in foods originated from animals. The result of our study may provide important information for food industry to increase the nutritional value of plant‐based foods.
2‐Fluorodeschloroketamine has similar abuse potential as ketamine
Authors: Li Feng , Du Han , Wu Bo , Wei Jiayun , Qiao Yanling , Lai Miaojun , Zhou Wenhua , Shen Haowei , Wang Youmei , Xu Peng , Di Bin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract2‐Fluorodeschloroketamine (2‐FDCK) as a substitute for ketamine has emerged among drug abusers in recent years. However, 2‐FDCK has not been controlled or regulated in many countries, which may be partly related to the lack of evidence on its abuse potential. In this study, we evaluated the abuse potential of 2‐FDCK via the tests of the conditioned place preference (CPP), locomotor sensitization, drug self‐administration and drug discrimination using ketamine as a reference. 2‐FDCK induced significant CPP at a minimum dose of 3 mg/kg in mice, an effect comparable with that of ketamine (3 mg/kg). Acute injections of 2‐FDCK or ketamine at 30 mg/kg enhanced locomotor activity. Repeated treatments with this dose of 2‐FDCK and ketamine induced locomotor sensitization after withdrawal. 2‐FDCK readily induced self‐administration with 0.5 mg/kg/infusion, the same dose for ketamine, and induced the highest seeking response at 1 mg/kg. Drug discrimination test showed that 2‐FDCK dose‐dependently substitute for ketamine with comparable ED50 to ketamine in substitution testing. Taken together, these results strongly suggested that 2‐FDCK has an abuse potential comparable with ketamine.
Sequential class switch recombination to IgE and allergen‐induced accumulation of IgE+ plasmablasts occur in the nasal mucosa of local allergic rhinitis patients
Authors: Testera‐Montes Almudena , Palomares Francisca , Jurado‐Escobar Raquel , Fernandez‐Santamaria Ruben , Ariza Adriana , Verge Jesus , Salas Maria , Campo Paloma , Mayorga Cristobalina , Torres Maria Jose , Rondon Carmen , Eguiluz‐Gracia Ibon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe involvement of allergen‐specific (s)IgE in local allergic rhinitis (LAR) has been debated. Here, we investigate the effect of nasal allergen challenge with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (NAC‐DP) in mucosal and peripheral B‐cell subpopulations in LAR patients.MethodsNine LAR, 5 allergic rhinitis (AR), and 5 non‐atopic healthy control (HC) individuals were subjected to a 3‐day NAC‐DP protocol, and nasal biopsies and blood samples were collected before and after provocation. Nasal biopsies were used for immunohistochemistry and gene expression studies, whereas the frequency of lymphocyte subsets and basophil activation test (BAT) were analyzed in blood samples by flow cytometry. sIgG was measured in sera.ResultsNAC‐DP induced an increase in IgE+CD38+ plasmablasts in the nasal mucosa of LAR patients, but not in AR or HC individuals. Markers of sequential recombination to IgE (εCSR) (from IgG) were observed in 33% of LAR, 20% of AR, and 0% of HC subjects. NAC‐DP increased the proportion of peripheral CD19+CD20+CD38+ plasmablasts in AR and LAR patients, but not in HC. Expression of the mucosal homing receptor CXCR3 in peripheral CD19+CD20+CD38+ plasmablasts from LAR, AR, and HC individuals was 7%, 5%, and 0.5%, respectively. In vitro DP stimulation increased proliferating CD19+CD20+CD38+ plasmablasts in LAR and AR patients, but not in HC. Serum DP‐sIgG was higher in LAR and AR patients as compared to HC. BAT was positive in 33%, 100%, and 0% of LAR, AR, and HC subjects, respectively.ConclusionThese results suggest that allergen exposure induces the sequential εCSR of IgG+CD19+CD20+CD38+ plasmablasts in the nasal mucosa of LAR patients.
A new person‐fit method based on machine learning in CDM in education
Authors: Zhu Zhemin , Arthur David , Chang Hua‐Hua 
Published: March 2022

Cognitive diagnosis models have become popular in educational assessment and are used to provide more individualized feedback about a student's specific strengths and weaknesses than traditional total scores. However, if the testing data are contaminated by certain biases or aberrant response patterns, such predictions may not be accurate. The current research objective is to develop a new person‐fit method that is based on machine learning and improves the functionality of existing person‐fit methods. Various simulations were designed under three aberrant conditions: cheating, sleeping and random guessing. Simulation results showed that the new method was more powerful and effective than previous methods, especially for short‐length tests.
Prescribing and using vitiligo treatments: lessons from a nested process evaluation within the HI-Light vitiligo randomized controlled trial
Authors: Leighton Paul , Chalmers Joanne R. , Batchelor Jonathan M. , Rogers Andy , Akram Perways , Haines Rachel H. , Meakin Garry D. , White Jennifer , Ravenscroft Jane C. , Sach Tracey H. , Santer Miriam , Whitton Maxine E. , Eleftheriadou Viktoria , Thomas Kim S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe HI-Light Trial demonstrated that for active, limited vitiligo, combination treatment with potent topical corticosteroid (TCS) and handheld narrowband ultraviolet B offers a better treatment response than potent TCS alone. However, it is unclear how to implement these findings.AimWe sought to answer three questions: (i) Can combination treatment be used safely and effectively by people with vitiligo?; (ii) Should combination treatment be made available as routine clinical care?; and (iii) Can combination treatment be integrated within current healthcare provision?MethodsThis was a mixed-methods process evaluation, including semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of trial participants, structured interviews with commissioners, and an online survey and focus groups with trial staff. Transcripts were coded by framework analysis, with thematic development by multiple researchers.ResultsParticipants found individual treatments easy to use, but the combination treatment was complicated and required nurse support. Both participants and site investigators felt that combination treatment should be made available, although commissioners were less certain. There was support for the development of services offering combination treatment, although this might not be prioritized above treatment for other conditions. A ‘mixed economy’ model was suggested, involving patients purchasing their own devices, although concerns regarding the safe use of treatments mean that training, monitoring and ongoing support are essential. The need for medical physics support may mean that a regional service is more practical.ConclusionCombination treatment should be made available for people seeking treatment for vitiligo, but services require partnership with medical physics and ongoing training and support for patients.
DNA image cytometry parameters to identify high‐grade cervical lesions
Authors: Costa Ane Francyne , Pogere Adriane , Pasinato Ana Paula Beltrame Farina , Onofre Alexandre Sherlley Casimiro , Onofre Fabiana Botelho de Miranda 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveEvaluate the performance of different DNA image cytometry (DNA‐ICM) ploidy parameters in the categorisation of DNA‐ICM results and identification of high‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or worse (≥ CIN2).MethodsCervical samples from 232 women were collected for DNA‐ICM analysis and biopsy confirmation. Five DNA parameters were used to define DNA aneuploidy: number of cells with exceeding events (EE) over 2.5cEE, 4cEE, 5cEE and 9cEE, and aneuploid stemlines. DNA‐ICM results were categorised as normal, suspicious, and abnormal.ResultsFor individual DNA ploidy parameters, sensitivity values for 50 cells with 2.5cEE, 45 cells with 4cEE, 1 cell with 9cEE and aneuploid stemline were 72.95%. 54.1%, 69.67% and 54.1%, while specificity values were 80.0%, 90.0%, 89.09% and 95.45%, respectively. For the 5cEE parameter, the sensitivity values for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 cells were 93.44%, 85.25%, 81.97%, 77.87% and 75.41%, while specificity values were 46.36%, 63.64%, 74.55%, 76.36% and 80.91%, respectively. For categorised DNA‐ICM results, a suspicious result showed superior sensitivity than an abnormal result (87.70% vs 82.79%, P = 0.031), but lower specificity (54.55% vs 75.45%, P < 0.001). Both types of DNA‐ICM result were statistically significantly different from a normal result (P < 0.05).ConclusionFor prognostic purposes, 1 cell with 9cEE, 45 cells with 4cEE and aneuploid stemline are the best parameters with which to categorise an abnormal DNA‐ICM result, followed by 50 cells with 2.5cEE and 4 cells with 5cEE. For screening purposes, 10 cells with 2.5cEE, 10 cells with 4cEE, and 2 cells with 5cEE are suitable parameters with which to categorise a suspicious DNA‐ICM result.
The Fracking Frontier in the United States: A Case Study of Foreign Investment, Civil Liberties and Land Ethics in the Shale Industry
Authors: Bratman Eve , Auch Ted , Stinchfield Bryan 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTThis article provides a fresh perspective on the unconventional oil and gas (hydraulic fracturing or ‘fracking’) industry in the Appalachian and Midwestern regions of the United States. It presents a case study of this industry in relation to development, democracy and the environment. The article utilizes neocolonialism as a heuristic device and analyses the fracking industry in relation to processes of capital expansion in resource frontiers. It identifies a two‐pronged paradox at the heart of the US energy independence rhetoric. First, the political‐economic reality is one in which the companies involved in promoting energy independence are in fact dependent on considerable amounts of foreign direct investment. Second, despite the purported ‘freedom’ offered through such energy sources, many legal measures associated with the industry ultimately detract from civil liberties, rights to private land and local sovereignty over decision making. Centrally, this article argues that political and economic relationships within this industry may undermine democratic participation and representative government. The case study demonstrates how relationships of coloniality in the fracking industry involve dynamics of land loss, ethical shifts in relation to land, and a lack of local property rights controls that are derivative of natural resource extraction on resource frontiers.
The method of critical phenomenology: Simone de Beauvoir as a phenomenologist
Authors: Oksala Johanna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe paper aims to contribute to the ongoing conversation on critical phenomenology with reflections on its method. The key argument is that critical phenomenology should be understood as a form of historico‐transcendental inquiry and therefore it cannot forgo the phenomenological reduction. Rather, this methodological step should be centered in critical phenomenology, and appropriated in problematized and rethought forms. The methodological assessment of critical phenomenology has implications also for how we read its canon. The paper shows that while Simone de Beauvoir did not adopt the phenomenological reduction in its full Husserlian meaning, her analyses of experience did not remain on the level of personal or experiential description either. The contention is that if we want to read her as a critical phenomenologist, we should focus on her seminal modification of the historico‐transcendental method of phenomenology.
“Obvious” indications for Neural antibody testing in Epilepsy or Seizures: The ONES checklist
Authors: Chang Yiu‐Chia , Nouri Maryam Nabavi , Mirsattari Seyed , Burneo Jorge G. , Budhram Adrian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveNumerous predictive scores have been developed to help determine which patients with epilepsy or seizures of unknown etiology should undergo neural antibody testing. However, their diagnostic advantage compared to only performing testing in patients with “obvious” indications (e.g., broader features of autoimmune encephalitis, characteristic seizure semiologies) requires further study. We aimed to develop a checklist that identifies patients who have “obvious” indications for neural antibody testing and to compare its diagnostic performance to predictive scores.MethodsWe developed the “Obvious” indications for Neural antibody testing in Epilepsy or Seizures (ONES) checklist through literature review. We then retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent neural antibody testing for epilepsy or seizures at our center between March 2019 and January 2021, to determine and compare the sensitivity and specificity of the ONES checklist to the recently proposed Antibody Prevalence in Epilepsy and Encephalopathy (APE2)/Antibodies Contributing to Focal Epilepsy Signs and Symptoms (ACES) reflex score.ResultsOne‐hundred seventy patients who underwent neural antibody testing for epilepsy or seizures were identified. Seventy‐four of 170 (43.5%) with a known etiology were excluded from sensitivity/specificity analyses; none had a true‐positive neural antibody. Of the 96 patients with an unknown etiology, 14 (15%) had a true‐positive neural antibody. The proportion of false‐positives was significantly higher among patients with a known etiology (3/3, 100%) compared to an unknown etiology (2/16, 13%; p = .01). There was no significant difference of the APE2/ACES reflex score compared to the ONES checklist with regard to sensitivity (93% for both, p > .99) or specificity (71% vs. 78%, p = .18) for true‐positive neural antibodies.SignificanceCompared to only performing neural antibody testing in patients with epilepsy or seizures of unknown etiology who have “obvious” indications, predictive scores confer no clear diagnostic advantage. Prespecified definitions of what constitutes a true‐positive neural antibody is required in future studies to avoid false‐positives that can confound results.
Global engagement in the post‐pandemic world: Challenges and responses. Perspective from the UK
Authors: Tsiligkiris Vangelis , Ilieva Janet 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHigher education (HE), particularly its international mobility element, is one of the sectors that have suffered an immediate and substantial impact by the pandemic. The disruption in international travel and the local restrictions to physical contact has caused disruptions in the academic planning and delivery of higher education worldwide. Many argue that the recent pandemic and the move to online and blended learning delivery will define the future of HE. In this paper, we explore two main themes. Firstly, we explore the pre‐Covid trends in international higher education. Using national and international data from UNESCO, OECD and other sources, we analyse the global developments in international student mobility. Secondly, we focus on the UK to study the position, share and interplay between the international student and transnational education (TNE) markets. We reflect on the findings of our analysis and discuss the pivot to online education and its pedagogical and regulatory implications. The role of sustainability as a central strategic objective for HEIs is examined through the lenses of TNE in generating local impact and promoting the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Preparation and characterization of new tubular kaolino‐illitic ceramic membrane used for dairy wastewater treatment
Authors: Ben Ali Mahassen , Mahmoudi Khaled , Hamdi Noureddine , Srasra Ezzedine , Rodríguez Miguel A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLow cost asymmetric tubular ceramic membrane was developed from kaolino‐illitic clay collected from the region of Medenin (Tunisia). The obtained membrane was designed to be used for ultrafiltration. The effect of pore forming agent on the plasticity, porosity, pore size distribution, mechanical strength, and permeability was evaluated. The support was performed by extrusion using the raw clay and olive pomace (OP) as pore forming agent. The effect of the use of OP was noticeable; it improved the plasticity of the paste. Also it helped to ameliorate both permeability and porosity of the obtained supports. Top layer was prepared using acid activated clay suspension. The obtained membrane had gas permeability of about 13 cm3.s−1.cm−2.bar−1 at a pressure of 1.5 bar and water flux of 1700 L.h−1.m−2 at a pressure of 1 bar. The final membrane was successfully used to eliminate the fat present in a solution containing 10% of milk. Regeneration of the used membrane was carried out by calcination at 550°C. The performances of the used membrane were recovered by 97% after regeneration.
Milk kefir enriched with inulin‐grafted seed extract from white wine pomace: chemical characterisation, antioxidant profile and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion
Authors: Carullo Gabriele , Spizzirri Umile Gianfranco , Montopoli Monica , Cocetta Veronica , Armentano Biagio , Tinazzi Mattia , Sciubba Fabio , Giorgi Gianluca , Enrica Di Cocco Maria , Bohn Torsten , Aiello Francesca , Restuccia Donatella 
Published: March 2022

SummaryAn innovative functional food with symbiotic and functional potential was produced by combining probiotic milk kefir, and white grape‐seed pomace obtained by UAE (ultrasound‐assisted extraction) rich in catechin and glycosylated flavonoids. The milk kefir was fortified by adding, after 24 h of fermentation, a polymer of inulin grafted with seed extract. The inulin/grape extract‐enriched polymer showed a higher antioxidant profile (P < 0.05). Simulated in vitro digestion demonstrated that 50 g of the kefir product would result in the delivery of antioxidants equivalent to 300 mg of ascorbic acid. The integrity of the intestinal barrier functions was not compromised by kefir treatments (at 10 μg mL‐1).
Are there disparities in access to robot‐assisted laparoscopic surgery among pediatric urology patients? US institutional experience
Authors: Mohanty Amrita , Lombardo Alyssa M , Judge Clark , Gundeti Mohan S 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveLiterature suggests access to robotic surgery varies by race and payer status. We seek to investigate whether disparities exist in robot‐assisted laparoscopic surgery among the pediatric urology population at our tertiary academic medical center and, if so, to find plausible reasons why.MethodsRetrospective analysis identified patients who underwent open or robot‐assisted laparoscopic surgery by a single surgeon at a tertiary care center between 2008 and 2019. Univariate and multivariate analyses determined the relationship of patient demographic and socioeconomic factors to procedure approach.ResultsAmong 356 patients, race, age, American Society of Anesthesiologists status, and year of surgery were significant by univariate analysis. Insurance status was not significant (P = 0.066). Multivariate analysis indicated that age, American Society of Anesthesiologists status, and year of surgery were statistically significant (P < 0.001, P = 0.005, P < 0.001). By multivariate logistic regression, Black and Hispanic patient race were not significant with an odds ratio of 0.60 (0.35–1.02) (P = 0.061). In 60.2% of open cases, open approach selection was attributable to complex pathology, limitations of robotic approach, and surgeon's robot‐assisted laparoscopic learning curve.ConclusionsOptimal procedure approach was determined by case complexity and surgeon's robot‐assisted laparoscopic learning curve and was independent of patient race and payer status. This study did not find racial or socioeconomic disparities in robotic surgery within pediatric urology at our tertiary medical center, inconsistent with previous literature.