bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current Therapeutic Strategies and Possible Effective Drug Delivery
Strategies against COVID-19
Authors: Dastidar Debabrata Ghosh , Ghosh Dipanjan , Ghosh Swarnasree , Chakrabarti Gopal 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
COVID-19 pandemic is the biggest global crisis. The frequent mutations in coronavirus to
generate new mutants are of major concern. The pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection has been
well studied to find suitable molecular targets and candidate drugs for effective treatment. FDArecommended
etiotropic therapies are currently followed along with mass vaccination. The drug delivery
system and the route of administration have a great role in enhancing the efficacy of therapeutic
agents and vaccines. Since COVID-19 primarily infects the lungs in the affected individuals, pulmonary
administration may be the best possible route for the treatment of COVID-19. Liposomes, solid lipid
nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, porous microsphere, dendrimers, and nanoparticles encapsulated
microparticles are the most suitable drug delivery systems for targeted drug delivery. The solubility,
permeability, chemical stability, and biodegradability of drug molecules are the key factors for the right
selection of suitable nanocarriers. The application of nanotechnology has been instrumental in the successful
development of mRNA, DNA and subunit vaccines, as well as the delivery of COVID-19 therapeutic
agents.
Development of HOTS Science Test: Ethno-Science Technology Engineering and mathematics (STEM) based on Javanese Gamelan
Authors: Awaliyah N. A. , Widiyawati Y. , Nurwahidah I. 
Published: October 2022

Ethno-STEM is appropriate to accommodate High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). The study aimed to develop an ethno-STEM-based HOTS science test instrument for Javanese gamelan musical instruments for junior high school students. The development research referred to the Thiagarajan 4-D (Four-D) development model with define, design, develop, and disseminate. The sample in this study was 24 students of VIII grades. The learning expert validation sheets, practitioner validation sheets, student questionnaires, and student ability test results were used in this particular research. The data analysis of the science test instrument feasibility showed that: (1) both experts’ and practitioners’ judgment with overall score classified into a very good category and students’ response classified into good categories; and (2) the reliability test showed a correlation coefficient of 0.8 so that it was declared as reliable. In short, the instrument based on Javanese gamelan Ethno-STEM instruments on Vibration and Sound Waves was appropriate to improve and optimize students' HOTS.
Validity and Reliability of 'Fit for Future' Module towards Weight Management Programme among Malaysian Adults
Authors: Mohd Asmawi Ummi Mohlisi , Samsudin Muhamad Nor Asyraf , Rajab Norashimah , Mansyur Muchtaruddin 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: This study aimed to develop and evaluate the ‘Fit for Future’ (F4F) Module for the weight management programme among Malaysian adults. Methods: Two different forms of the questionnaire were designed. One form (32 questions) determined content validity, while another form (38 questions) determined inter-item and test-retest reliabilities. Results: Contents of the module were improvised accordingly as experts provided qualitative feedback. The CVIs, Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass-correlation coefficient (ICC) recorded values of 0.80 and higher, 0.80-0.97 and 0.61-0.91, respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that the developed F4F Module has good content validity and reliability and helps Malaysian adults manage weight.
Keywords: Weight management; module; validity; reliability
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i21.3677
Inbound Tourism In Malaysia: Unlocking the potential traveling experience of European and Oceanian Tourists
Authors: Saad Mazni , Abdul Latif Samshul Amry , Sahar Rafidah , Hasan Mohmed Razip , Ahmed Mian Ejaz 
Published: October 2022

This study explores the memorable traveling experience (MTE) of 143 tourists from Europe and Oceanian in Malaysia. The researchers conducted a survey to investigate the factors that influence their revisit intention to Malaysia as an attractive destination. Partial least square structural equation modeling (SEM-PLS) results indicated that tourist attitudes, destination images, electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM), and perceived quality have positive and significant influences on travel intention. However, the eWOM failed to mediate the tourists’ attitudes, perceived quality, and destination image towards their revisit intentions.
Keywords: eWOM, Malaysia, Memorable Travelling Experience, Revisit Intentions
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA CE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i21.3710
Challenges of SME in The Tourism Industry: A review
Authors: Md Ramli Adilah , Asby Putriku Nuraishah Khairanni , Mohd Noor Harifah , Afrizal Teuku 
Published: October 2022

One of the local economies in the tourism industry is small and medium entrepreneurs (SMEs).In 2020, data on the tourism industry worldwide decreased because of restrictions on the entry of tourists. This study aims to dig up on the challenges of SMEs through literature studies. The method used is to review and analyze all extant articles published in Google Scholar from 2017 to 2021. Articles will be analyzed by the keywords: SMEs, Challenge, and Tourism. Based on the findings, the challenges faced by SMEs are categorized into internal and external factors such as lack of knowledge and government.

Keywords: SME, Tourism, Challenge, Literature Review
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. Adilah Md Ramli, Putriku Nuraishah Khairanni Binti Asby, HarifahMohd Noor, Teuku Afrizal. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i21.3721
Visit Types in Primary Care With Telehealth Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review
Authors: Ward Kanesha , Vagholkar Sanjyot , Sakur Fareeya , Khatri Neha Nafees , Lau Annie Y S 
Published: October 2022

Background
Telehealth was rapidly incorporated into primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is limited evidence on which primary care visits used telehealth.

Objective
The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review to assess what visit types in primary care with use of telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic were reported; for each visit type identified in primary care, under what circumstances telehealth was suitable; and reported benefits and drawbacks of using telehealth in primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
This study was a systematic review using narrative synthesis. Studies were obtained from four databases (Ovid [MEDLINE], CINAHL Complete, PDQ-Evidence, and ProQuest) and gray literature (NSW Health, Royal Australian College of General Practitioners guidelines, and World Health Organization guidelines). In total, 3 independent reviewers screened studies featuring telehealth use during the COVID-19 pandemic in primary care. Levels of evidence were assessed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. Critical appraisal was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Benefits and drawbacks of telehealth were assessed according to the National Quality Forum Telehealth Framework.

Results
A total of 19 studies, predominately cross-sectional surveys or interviews (13/19, 68%), were included. Seven primary care visit types were identified: chronic condition management (17/19, 89%), existing patients (17/19, 89%), medication management (17/19, 89%), new patients (16/19, 84%), mental health/behavioral management (15/19, 79%), post–test result follow-up (14/19, 74%), and postdischarge follow-up (7/19, 37%). Benefits and drawbacks of telehealth were reported across all visit types, with chronic condition management being one of the visits reporting the greatest use because of a pre-existing patient-provider relationship, established diagnosis, and lack of complex physical examinations. Both patients and clinicians reported benefits of telehealth, including improved convenience, focused discussions, and continuity of care despite social distancing. Reported drawbacks included technical barriers, impersonal interactions, and semi-established reimbursement models.

Conclusions
Telehealth was used for different visit types during the COVID-19 pandemic in primary care, with most visits for chronic condition management, existing patients, and medication management. Further research is required to validate our findings and explore the long-term impact of hybrid models of care for different visit types in primary care.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42022312202; https://tinyurl.com/5n82znf4
Automatic Screening of Pediatric Renal Ultrasound Abnormalities: Deep Learning and Transfer Learning Approach
Authors: Tsai Ming-Chin , Lu Henry Horng-Shing , Chang Yueh-Chuan , Huang Yung-Chieh , Fu Lin-Shien 
Published: October 2022

Background
In recent years, the progress and generalization surrounding portable ultrasonic probes has made ultrasound (US) a useful tool for physicians when making a diagnosis. With the advent of machine learning and deep learning, the development of a computer-aided diagnostic system for screening renal US abnormalities can assist general practitioners in the early detection of pediatric kidney diseases.

Objective
In this paper, we sought to evaluate the diagnostic performance of deep learning techniques to classify kidney images as normal and abnormal.

Methods
We chose 330 normal and 1269 abnormal pediatric renal US images for establishing a model for artificial intelligence. The abnormal images involved stones, cysts, hyperechogenicity, space-occupying lesions, and hydronephrosis. We performed preprocessing of the original images for subsequent deep learning. We redefined the final connecting layers for classification of the extracted features as abnormal or normal from the ResNet-50 pretrained model. The performances of the model were tested by a validation data set using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity.

Results
The deep learning model, 94 MB parameters in size, based on ResNet-50, was built for classifying normal and abnormal images. The accuracy, (%)/area under curve, of the validated images of stone, cyst, hyperechogenicity, space-occupying lesions, and hydronephrosis were 93.2/0.973, 91.6/0.940, 89.9/0.940, 91.3/0.934, and 94.1/0.996, respectively. The accuracy of normal image classification in the validation data set was 90.1%. Overall accuracy of (%)/area under curve was 92.9/0.959..

Conclusions
We established a useful, computer-aided model for automatic classification of pediatric renal US images in terms of normal and abnormal categories.
Insulin Therapy Increases the Risk of Hypokalemia and Arrhythmia in Diabetic Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: A Retrospective Study in Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital
Authors: Tajuddin Hastuti , Wahyudin Elly , Djabir Yulia Yusrini , Nainu Firzan , Rahman Latifah 
Published: October 2022

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) often require insulin therapy to control hyperglycemia, yet, it is associated with the risk of hypokalemia and dysrhythmia. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence and the risk of hypokalemia and arrhythmia due to insulin therapy in DM patients with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) comorbidity. Material and Methods: The study was conducted retrospectively based on medical record data from January 2021 to December 2021 in Wahidin Sudirohusodo general hospital. The inclusion criteria include the out-hospital patients diagnosed with DM with CHD comorbidity. The patients were divided into 2 groups, those who received insulin and those who received oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD). Hypokalemia was defined if an electrolyte characterized by a low serum potassium concentration with a normal range of 3.5 – 5.0 mEq/L. Arrhythmia was defined if abnormal changes in a regular heartbeat, including an irregular heartbeat, a skipped heartbeat, a fast heart rate (tachycardia), or a slow heart rate (bradycardia). Results: The data were obtained from 322 patients’ medical record, 161 was treated with insulin, and 161 received OAD. The insulin-treated patients had a significantly lower blood potassium level compared to the OAD group. The insulin group had 63,40% incidents of hypokalemia, while in the OAD group only 16,80% experienced hypokalemia (p<0.05). The presence of arrhythmia was detected in 63,40 % of insulin-treated patients, while only 29,80% had arrhythmia in the OAD group (p<0,05). Conclusions: Insulin Therapy in DM patients with coronary heart disease can increase the incidence of hypokalemia, which may result in arrhythmia in patients with coronary heart disease.
Clinical and immunological characteristics of congenital cytomegalovirus infection in children with HIV infection
Authors: Denisenko V. B. , Simovanyan E. M. 
Published: October 2022

Objective – to characterize the clinic and the immune status state in children with HIV infection, taking into account the presence of congenital CMVI.Methods. A clinical and laboratory examination of 91 children with HIV infection with congenital CMVI (20; group I) and without it (71; group II) was carried out. Results. The anamnestic risk groups for congenital CMVI on the part of the mother included age over 30 years (55%), drug use (75%), chronic metroendometritis (85%), colpitis (55%), features of HIV status (secondary disease stage 4 — in 20%, CD4-lymphocyte count 0,5 х 109/l or less in 85%, HIV blood viral load 50 cop./ml or more in 80%), pregnancy pathology (threat of miscarriage — in 50%, developmental delay fetus — in 65%), lack of chemoprophylaxis for vertical transmission of HIV (55%). The clinical criteria for diagnosing of congenital CMVI in newborns included prematurity (40%), congenital malformations (45%), intrauterine growth retardation (65%), jaundice syndrome (50%), and perinatal CNS damage (80%). Children with congenital CMVI at the age of three months developed multiple organ pathology — lymphadenopathy (80%), hepatomegaly (65%), splenomegaly (40%), underweight (75%), pneumonia (60%), hepatitis (30%), pancreatitis (15%), enterocolitis (20%), nephritis (25%), carditis (20%), encephalitis (15%), chorioretinitis (20%), anemia (60%), thrombocytopenia (15%). A severe immunodeficiency state with a predominant violation of the T-cell link was revealed. A high titer of CMV was found in biological materials, IgG antibodies in the blood.Conclusion. The use of clinical and laboratory criteria makes it possible to timely diagnose congenital CMVI in children with HIV infection and prescribe complex therapy.
Features of the course of COVID-19 in children undergoing outpatient treatment
Authors: Bondarenko A. L. 
Published: October 2022

Objective: to study the clinical and epidemiological features of the course of a new coronavirus infection in children of different ages undergoing outpatient treatment.The study participants were 812 children with COVID-19 aged from 1 month to 17 years, who were on outpatient treatment in the children's polyclinic of the city of Kirov from July to December 2021. The average age of patients with COVID-19 was 5.9 ± 1.1 years. Among the sick young children there were 28%, adolescents — 16%. In 76% of cases, contact with patients with a new coronavirus infection was detected, mainly in the family, as well as in educational institutions. In 70% of cases, an early request for medical help was registered — in the first three days of illness. In most cases (89%), a mild severity of the disease was established with the development of subfebrile fever and pharyngitis. Rhinitis phenomena were recorded in 20% of cases. 7% of children complained of a dry cough. Lung tissue lesion (RG1) was detected in 5% of patients, gastrointestinal tract — 5%. In adolescents, the phenomena of rhinitis, pharyngitis, dry cough were less common than in other age groups. Recombinant interferon alpha-2b and umifenovir were used for etiotropic therapy. All children recovered within 7—10 days from the onset of the disease.
Features of the epidemiological history of patients with Lyme borreliosis
Authors: Sayfullin R. F. , Zvereva N. N. , Sayfullin M. A. , Smetanina S. V. , Kardonova E. V. , Shamsheva O. V. 
Published: October 2022

In the treatment of Lyme borreliosis (LB), early diagnosis is a key component. The epidemiological history of the patient plays one of the leading roles in suspected borreliosis and at the same time is an important criterion for clinical diagnosis.Purpose. Analysis of epidemiological history data in outpatient cases of LB in Moscow.Material and methods. We conducted a retrospective, non-randomized, single-center cohort study, based on the analysis of data from 660 outpatient records of patients, referred by local physician with tick bite or suspicion of LB, and consulted by an infectious disease specialist on the basis of the Infectious clinical hospital No.1 in Moscow. For further analysis, patients were divided by age and the presence or absence of LB. Confirmation of LB was based on clinical and/or laboratory criteria using methods of enzyme immunoassay and immune blot.Results. We have updated the epidemiological features of the LB for Moscow, such as: the relative number of cases in the administrative districts of Moscow, places and seasonality of tick bites. Among children, compared with adults, cases of a tick bite without the development of LB was predominant, which must be taken into account in order to avoid overdiagnosis of LB. In patients with LB, an indication of the fact of tick bite in the anamnesis was much less common than going to its habitats.Conclusion. Our data clarify the epidemiological features of LB for residents of Moscow. In the absence of a history of indications of tick bite, an informative sign for clinical diagnosis is a visit to its habitats, including not only trips to wooded areas, but also to suburban areas and parks.
Longitudinal monitoring of post-vaccination immunity against hepatitis B in children after standard immunization in the first year of life and optimization of vaccination strategy
Authors: Kochetova E. O. , Balikin V. F. , Shamsheva O. V. , Polesco I. V. , Uchaykin V. F. , Konev V. A. , Mayorova O. A. , Belyakova V. V. , Gorev V. V. , Kononov L. B. 
Published: October 2022

A clinical and laboratory examination of 62 children aged 10—17 years vaccinated against hepatitis B according to the standard scheme (0—1—6 months) in the first year of life strictly according to the National Calendar of preventive vaccinations in a standard dose (10 micrograms of recombinant HBsAg) with a monocomponent vaccine was carried out.The majority of children (58%) had indicators of seroconversion of HBsAg — anti-HBs-antibodies. This indicates the fact of long-lasting Grund immunity — 10—17 years after timely 3-fold immunization against hepatitis B according to the standard scheme at a standard dose (10 mcg of recombinant HBsAg in the first year of life in the absence of Wooster immunization (revaccination) in subsequent age periods, including children with a burdened premorbid background (87.1% among those observed). Since among those observed were children with invasive medical interventions (50%), the established fact reflects the protective effect of standard Grund immunization even in children at risk — with a positive parenteral history. At the same time, the total assessment of serological and molecular biological results found that after triple immunization against hepatitis B according to the standard scheme in the first year of life, out of 62 children aged 10—17 years, the proportion of seronegative was 42%. Low levels of antibodies (10—100 IU/l) were detected in 43% of cases, high (100—1000 IU/l) — in 15% of cases. No child had an antibody level exceeding >1000 IU/l. These results require the development of new approaches to immunization of children against hepatitis B with mandatory revaccination at an older age.
The effect of morbid obesity on the outcome of COVID-19 in a child
Authors: Sokolovskaya V. V. , Litvinova A. A. , Krikova A. V. , Kozlov R. S. 
Published: October 2022

Numerous works of domestic and foreign colleagues have proved that obesity is an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19 among patients of all age groups. Of particular interest is the study of the effect of overweight on the course of a new coronavirus infection in children and adolescents.Objective. Demonstration of a clinical case of fatal outcome of COVID-19 in a patient with morbid obesity; analysis and generalization of current data on the effect of obesity on the course of a new coronavirus infection in pediatric patients.The article presents a general understanding of the pathogenetic relationship between the two pathologies, as well as a case of a fatal outcome of a new coronavirus infection in a 9-year-old 4-month-old girl with morbid obesity (BMI — 39 kg/m2, SDS BMI +4.98σ). Emphasis is placed on the lack of parallelism between the results of the procalcitonin test and the development of the septic process.Conclusion. Studies of domestic and foreign colleagues, as well as the clinical case we have cited, confirm that morbid obesity is a risk factor for the adverse course of COVID-19 in children.
A clinical case of the new coronavirus infection with cardiac involvement in a child
Authors: Gashina E. A. , Lobova E. F. , Shefer E. P. 
Published: October 2022

The ongoing pandemic of the new coronavirus infection allows us to discover new information concerning the clinical course of the disease. Despite the rarer registration and mild course of COVID-19 in children, we get new data on more severe manifestations in the form of damage to various organs including cardiovascular system. SARS-CoV-2 can lead to myocarditis development, arrhythmia, heart failure, etc.According to an infectious diseases hospital in Omsk, heart changes were recorded in 5.8% of hospitalized children with COVID-19. The article presents a clinical case of the new coronavirus infection in a child of 15 years old who was on treatment in the infection diseases hospital of Budgetary Healthcare Institution of Omsk Oblast City Children's Clinical Hospital №3 of Omsk. The diagnosis was confirmed by examining nasopharyngeal smears for evidence of RNA SARS-CoV-2 by PCR. The course of infection in this patient is characterized by myocarditis development following medium severity disease without comorbid pathology.