bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic implication of platelet reactivity according to disease entity after drug eluting stent implantation: results from the PTRG-DES consortium
Authors: Hyun Woong P , Jeong J Y H , Kim K B K , Joo J H J , Park P Y , Chang C K , Song S Y B , Ahn A S G , Suh S J W , Lee L S Y , Cho C J R , Kim H S K , Kim K M H , Shin S E S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Relationship between the level of antiplatelet effect and clinical event appears weak in East Asian patients. In addition prognostic implication of platelet reactivity may differ according to index presentation of disease entity (AMI vs. non-AMI).

Methods
PTRG-PFT consortium was established to determine the linkage of platelet function with long-term clinical outcome during DAPT (aspirin+clopidogrel) in DES-treated East Asian patients (n=11,714). Platelet reactivity was measured using the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay and its level was divided according to quartile distribution (≤168, 169–220, 221–271, ≥272 P2Y12 reaction unit [PRU]). Primary endpoints were incidences of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) post-PCI.

Results
Impact of platelet reactivity on MACCE occurrence appeared proportionally increased irrespective of type of disease entity, but their relationship was relatively stronger in the AMI vs. non-AMI group (Figure 1A and B). The cutoff of high-risk platelet reactivity was lower in the AMI group compared with the non-AMI group (225 vs. 245 PRU), and the cutoff of low-risk platelet reactivity (immunity zone) was similar between the groups (175 vs. 170 PRU). In the AMI patients (28.5%), 3rd and 4th quartiles significantly increased MACCE rate (HRadjusted 2.19 and 2.24) (Figure 1C and D). However, 4th quartile only was significantly associated with increased risk of MACCE among the non-AMI patients (71.5%) (HRadjusted 2.19).

Conclusion
Close associations between platelet reactivity and MACCE occurrence were observed irrespective of type of disease entity. In addition, the targeted antiplatelet level to prevent platelet-centric events appeared similar between the AMI and non-AMI patients.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Korean Society of Intervention Cardiology
Sex-specific time trends in incident atrial fibrillation and the contribution of risk factors: the Tromsø Study 1994–2016
Authors: Sharashova Ekaterina , Gerdts Eva , Ball Jocasta , Espnes Hilde , Jacobsen Bjarne K , Kildal Simon , Mathiesen Ellisiv B , Njølstad Inger , Rosengren Annika , Schirmer Henrik , Wilsgaard Tom , Løchen Maja-Lisa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Aims
To explore sex-specific time trends in atrial fibrillation (AF) incidence and to estimate the impact of changes in risk factor levels using individual participant-level data from the population-based Tromsø Study 1994–2016.

Methods and results
A total of 14 818 women and 13 225 men aged 25 years or older without AF were enrolled in the Tromsø Study between 1994 and 2008 and followed up for incident AF throughout 2016. Poisson regression was used for statistical analyses. During follow-up, age-adjusted AF incidence rates in women decreased from 1.19 to 0.71 per 1000 person-years. In men, AF incidence increased from 1.18 to 2.82 per 1000 person-years in 2004, and then declined to 1.94 per 1000 person-years in 2016. Changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI), physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption together accounted for 10.9% [95% confidence interval (CI): −2.4 to 28.6] of the AF incidence decline in women and for 44.7% (95% CI: 19.2; 100.0) of the AF incidence increase in men. Reduction in SBP and DBP had the largest contribution to the decrease in AF incidence in women. Increase in BMI had the largest contribution to the increase in AF incidence in men.

Conclusion
In the population-based Tromsø Study 1994–2016, AF incidence decreased in women and increased following a reverse U-shape in men. Individual changes in SBP and DBP in women and individual changes in BMI in men were the most important risk factors contributing to the AF incidence trends.
Navigating nature’s benefits to people: an examination of asymmetrical stakeholder preferences for local forest ecosystem services in South Korea
Authors: Jo Jang-Hwan , Choi Moongi , Shin Seunguk , Lee Chang-Bae 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecent social and environmental changes complicate the management of the ecosystem services (ES) provided by local forests. Local ES management requires an understanding of the supply–demand dynamics of ES preferences among stakeholders. To examine the supply and demand characteristics of local forest ES in South Korea, we compared the preferences for ES between the ES suppliers and ES users of two local forests (Gariwangsan and Yeoninsan) that differ in jurisdiction, size, ecological properties and management challenges. We surveyed the forest administrators (n = 20) as ES suppliers and local community residents (n = 47) as well as the general public (n = 1000) as ES users. We applied a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to examine the priority rankings of 10 types of forest ES in order of importance in management perceived by forest administrators and local residents. The general public’s preferences were measured using the weighted sums of each type of ES ranked based on its perceived importance. We also interviewed the forest administrators and local residents to further explore how the local context of the examined forests might have affected their ES evaluation. The results show that forest administrators and the general public prioritize regulating services while the local community opts for cultural services. Moreover, local residents in close proximity to the forests prefer provisioning services while those farther away prefer regulating services. Considering these differences in stakeholder preferences for local forest ES, local forest management policies can benefit from inclusive decision-making processes to navigate the supply–demand asymmetry.
The Need for Consistency with Physical Laws and Logic in Choosing Between Competing Molecular Mechanisms in Biological Processes: A Case Study in Modeling ATP Synthesis
Authors: Nath Sunil 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Traditionally, proposed molecular mechanisms of fundamental biological processes have been tested against experiment. However, owing to a plethora of reasons—difficulty in designing, carrying out, and interpreting key experiments, use of different experimental models and systems, conduct of studies under widely varying experimental conditions, fineness in distinctions between competing mechanisms, complexity of the scientific issues, and the resistance of some scientists to discoveries that are contrary to popularly held beliefs—this has not solved the problem despite decades of work in the field/s. The author would like to prescribe an alternative way: that of testing competing models/mechanisms for their adherence to scientific laws and principles, and checking for errors in logic. Such tests are fairly commonly carried out in the mathematics, physics, and engineering literature. Further, reported experimental measurements should not be smaller than minimum detectable values for the measurement technique employed and should truly reflect function of the actual system without inapplicable extrapolation. Progress in the biological fields would be greatly accelerated, and considerable scientific acrimony avoided by adopting this approach. Some examples from the fundamental field of ATP synthesis in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) have been reviewed that also serve to illustrate the approach. The approach has never let the author down in his 35-yr-long experience on biological mechanisms. This change in thinking should lead to a considerable saving of both time and resources, help channel research efforts toward solution of the right problems, and hopefully provide new vistas to a younger generation of open-minded biological scientists.
Unveiling the complete genome sequence of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris DSM 3922T, a taint-producing strain
Authors: Leonardo Inês Carvalho , Barreto Crespo Maria Teresa , Gaspar Frédéric Bustos 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Several species from the Alicyclobacillus genus have received much attention from the food and beverages industries. Their presence has been co-related with spoilage events of acidic food matrices, namely fruit juices and other fruit-based products, the majority attributed to Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris. In this work, a combination of short and long reads enabled the assembly of the complete genome of A. acidoterrestris DSM 3922T, perfecting the draft genome already available (AURB00000000), and revealing the presence of one chromosome (4,222,202 bp; GC content 52.3%) as well as one plasmid (124,737 bp; GC content 46.6%). From the 4,288 genes identified, 4,004 sequences were attributed to coding sequences with proteins, with more than 80% being functionally annotated. This allowed the identification of metabolic pathways and networks and the interpretation of high-level functions with significant reliability. Furthermore, the additional genes of interest related to spore germination, off-flavor production, namely the vdc cluster, and CRISPR arrays, were identified. More importantly, this is the first complete and closed genome sequence for a taint-producing Alicyclobacillus species and thus represents a valuable reference for further comparative and functional genomic studies.
The Long Shadow: Early-Life Adversity and Later-Life Loneliness in the United States
Authors: Furuya Shiro , Wang Jia 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
This study assesses how early-life adversity (ELA) is associated with later-life loneliness among those aged 55 and older in the United States. We consider multiple domains of ELA to understand domain-specific associations between ELA and later-life loneliness.

Methods
Using data from the 2008 to 2016 rounds of Health and Retirement Study (n = 29,661 person-waves [weighted]), we evaluate whether and how different domains of ELA are associated with loneliness, and how their relationships are explained through adulthood conditions and are dependent on educational attainment.

Results
Our analyses demonstrate significant and distinctive relationships between various domains of ELA and later-life loneliness. Whereas adulthood conditions largely explain positive associations between loneliness with some domains of ELA (socioeconomic disadvantages and chronic diseases), disruptive home environment, risky adolescent behaviors, and impairment during childhood are still related to a higher level of loneliness after controlling for adulthood conditions. We also find empirical evidence supporting educational differences in relationships between some ELA domains and later-life loneliness. Our results also show that the associations between ELA and later-life loneliness differ between subdimensions of loneliness (emotional vs. social loneliness).

Discussion
This study underscores ELA as an important early-life risk factor contributing to later-life loneliness. Our findings suggest that policy interventions to reduce adverse childhood experiences may alleviate individuals’ exposure to loneliness in later life.
Managing size selectivity: the relevance of compulsory and alternative selection devices in the Northeast Atlantic bottom trawl fishery
Authors: Brinkhof Jesse , Sistiaga Manu , Herrmann Bent , Grimaldo Eduardo , Larsen Roger B 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTwo decades of use of the compulsory selectivity gear configuration in the Northeast Atlantic bottom trawl fishery, which consists of a rigid sorting grid followed by a diamond mesh codend, have revealed problems with performance and efficiency. Size selectivity gear alternatives to this configuration are being pursued, and recent studies of codends with shortened lastridges have reported promising results. In this study, we compared the size selectivity and catch efficiency for cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) caught using a sorting grid with 55 mm bar spacing followed by a 130 mm knotted diamond mesh codend (i.e. the compulsory gear) that same configuration but considering only the catch in the 130 mm diamond mesh codend (regular codend), and an alternative knotless codend with shortened lastridge ropes and a thinner twine. We also addressed the question of whether size-selective gear is even needed to avoid exceeding the bycatch limits of the fishery. Our results demonstrated that the alternative codend improved size selectivity by reducing the loss of fish above minimum legal size (MLS), with a minor increase in the retention of fish below MLS, compared to the compulsory combined grid and codend configuration. The regular codend also reduced the loss of fish above MLS, but the retention of haddock below MLS approached the legal limit of 15% by number. Our results also showed that the abundance of cod below MLS in the fishing area during the trials was low. They also suggested that spatial and seasonal closures in combination with a flexible choice of selection device and modern monitoring tools could be an alternative to rigid enforcement of the use of selective fishing gear.
The Myth of the Eclectic IR Scholar?
Authors: Milner Helen V , Powers Ryan , Voeten Erik 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhat does the decline in paradigmatic self-identification mean for how international relations (IR) scholars think about the world? We answer this question with a 2020 survey among nearly two thousand IR scholars. We uncover a two-dimensional latent theoretical belief space based on scholarly agreement with conjectures about the state, ideas, international institutions, domestic politics, globalization, and racism. The first dimension separates status quo–oriented scholars from more critical scholars. The second dimension captures the realist–institutionalist divide. We have three key findings. First, non-paradigmatic scholars vary greatly in their theoretical beliefs. Second, measurement invariance tests show that there is a similar structure underlying the beliefs of paradigmatic and non-paradigmatic scholars. Third, we find no evidence that non-paradigmatic scholars rely less on their theoretical beliefs in making predictions about conflict, institutions, political economy, democracy, and human rights. Instead, the positions of scholars in the two-dimensional theoretical belief space rather than self-assigned paradigmatic labels correlate with predictions about the world. Our findings suggest that non-paradigmatic scholars are not so different from self-identified Liberals, Constructivists, and Realists, although the decline of paradigmatic self-identification may still matter for how scholars organize debates and disciplinary divides.
Participatory Data Design: Managing Data Sovereignty in IoT Solutions
Authors: Bowen Judy , Hinze Annika 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWithin the software engineering community, deciding how to collect, store and use personal data has become about more than just understanding our users. This paper considers ethical data use that includes cultural considerations and data ownership rights. We discuss indigenous data sovereignty as a concept and how it potentially impacts technological solutions that gather personal data from users. We propose an extension to typical user-centred design processes, which we call participatory data design. This incorporates the use of frameworks and tools that specifically focus on managing data within the cultural context it is gathered from. We also present a specific example of how we have used this approach in the context of a data collection project from Māori workers in New Zealand forestry. We conclude with a discussion of the wider implications of this approach.
Are the (New) Synthetic Opioids U-47700, Tramadol and Their Main Metabolites Prone to Time-Dependent Postmortem Redistribution?—A Systematic Study Using an In Vivo Pig Model
Authors: Nordmeier Frederike , Doerr Adrian A , Potente Stefan , Walle Nadja , Laschke Matthias W , Menger Michael D , Schmidt Peter H , Meyer Markus R , Schaefer Nadine 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The interpretation of analytical results in forensic postmortem (PM) cases often poses a great challenge, in particular, due to possible PM redistribution (PMR) phenomena. In terms of new synthetic opioids, such data are usually not available and, if so, they are from case reports without the exact knowledge of dose, user habits, time of consumption or PM interval (PMI). Hence, a controlled toxicokinetic pig study was performed allowing the examination of PM tissue distribution and possible PMR of U-47700, tramadol and the main metabolites N-desmethyl-U-47700 and O-desmethyltramadol (ODT). For this purpose, 12 domestic pigs received an intravenous dose of 100 µg/kg body weight (BW) U-47700 or 1,000 µg/kg BW tramadol, respectively. The animals were put to death with T61 8 h after administration, and relevant organs, tissues and body fluids were sampled. Subsequently, the animals were stored at room temperature (RT), and the samples were taken again after 24, 48, and 72 h PM. Following homogenization and solid-phase extraction, quantification was performed applying a standard addition approach and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Only low-to-moderate concentration changes of U-47700, tramadol and their main metabolites were found in the analyzed tissue specimens and body fluids during storage at RT depending on the chosen PMI. On the contrary, a remarkable concentration increase of tramadol was observed in the liver tissue. These findings indicate that both synthetic opioids and their main metabolites are only slightly prone to PMR and central blood might be the matrix of choice for quantification of these substances.
Phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of PTP-PEST at Serine 39 is crucial for cell migration
Authors: Honda Reika , Tempaku Yasuko , Sulidan Kaidiliayi , Palmer Helen E F , Mashima Keisuke 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We investigated the molecular details of the role of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP)-PEST in cell migration. PTP-PEST knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (KO MEFs) and MEF cells expressing a dominant-negative mutant of PTP-PEST showed significant suppression of cell migration compared to MEF cells expressing wild-type PTP-PEST (WT MEFs). Moreover, MEF cells harbouring a constitutively active mutant of PTP-PEST (S39A MEFs) showed a marked decrease in cell migration. In addition, MEF cells with no PTP-PEST or little PTP activity rapidly adhered to fibronectin and made many focal adhesions compared to WT MEF cells. In contrast, S39A MEF cells showed weak adhesion to fibronectin and formed a few focal adhesions. Furthermore, investigating the subcellular localization showed that Ser39-phosphorylated PTP-PEST was favourably situated in the adherent area of the pseudopodia. Therefore, we propose that suppression of PTP-PEST enzyme activity due to Ser39-phosphorylation in pseudopodia and at the leading edge of migrating cells induces rapid and good adherence to the extracellular matrix. Thus, suppression of PTP activity by Ser39-phosphorylation is critical for cell migration. Three amino acid substitutions in human PTP-PEST have been previously reported to alter PTP activity. These amino acid substitutions in mouse PTP-PEST altered the migration of MEF cells in a positive correlation.
An enhancing many-objective evolutionary algorithm using chaotic mapping and solution ranking mechanism for large-scale optimization
Authors: Wang Yong , Zhang Qian , Wang Gai-Ge , Hu Zhongyi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThere are many complex optimization problems in the real world, and various evolutionary algorithms are proposed to solve them. Recently, the many-objective evolutionary algorithm using a one-by-one selection strategy (1by1EA) adopts a convergence indicator and a distribution indicator to balance convergence and diversity. However, the algorithm is too random in initialization and the fitness evaluation of solutions in the mating selection is single, which leads to poor performance in solving large-scale problems. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved method called 1by1EA-CHV by using circle chaotic mapping and a solution ranking mechanism based on the hypervolume (HV) indicator. We first map each component of solutions into a certain value space to initialize the population. Then, we calculate the contribution of each partition divided based on HV and apply the aggregation method to guide the reallocation of fitness, which achieves the ranking of solutions by using it before the old calculation method. To validate the performance, experiments compared 1by1EA-CHV with 1by1EA and other seven many-objective algorithms on large-scale functions, and the differences between these algorithms were analyzed statistically by a non-parametric test. The results showed the superiority of 1by1EA-CHV in solving large-scale many-objective optimization problems with up to 2000 decision variables.
Effects of Nutritional Composition of Different Prey Eggs on Development and Reproduction of the Predatory Bug, Orius sauteri (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)
Authors: Zhang Liu , Zhao Hongyan , Yang Yuxi , Ge Yang , Shi Wangpeng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Orius sauteri (Poppius) is an important predator of many economically important insect pests. The mass rearing of O. sauteri is difficult, limiting its application in pest control. Here we assessed the nutritional quality of eggs of Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier), Agrotis ypsilon (Rottemberg), or Spodoptera litura (Fabricius), and their potential for rearing O. sauteri in the laboratory for two generations. Of species tested, S. cerealella eggs resulted in the highest survival and reproduction of O. sauteri compared to the other two lepidopteran species. Eggs of A. ypsilon were a suitable diet for the nymphal stage, which developed faster on A. ysilon eggs than those of S. cerealella eggs. Conversely, eggs of S. litura were not a suitable diet for O. sauteri, and they disrupted the development and reproduction of O. sauteri. Sitotroga cerealella eggs showed advantages in all the nutritional components evaluated. Orius sauteri fed S. litura eggs contained significantly lower protein levels than those fed on the other eggs tested. Spodoptera litura eggs significantly enhanced the CAT activity in O. sauteri, which suggests that some components from S. litura eggs harmed the development and reproduction of O. sauteri. Based on these results, we suggest using a combined diet for mass rearing of the pirate bug, feeding the nymphs and adults with A. ypsilon eggs and S. cerealella eggs, respectively. This study contributes to the discovery of artificial diets for mass rearing O. sauteri and other Orius species in the future.
Liability or opportunity? Reconceptualizing the periphery and its role in innovation
Authors: Glückler Johannes , Shearmur Richard , Martinus Kirsten 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe continued emphasis on innovation in urban and clustered settings has led many geographers to conceive peripheries as laggard and non-innovative. After reconstructing discussions of the periphery in the context of the geography of firm-level innovation, we argue that normative connotations should be stripped away, and that ‘periphery’ and ‘center’ are better understood as positions in a field. We draw upon concepts current in network theory and propose a relational definition of periphery as a distant, dispersed and disconnected position relative to a core within a field. A key distinction is made between the position of an actor in geographical space (location) and the position of an actor in a social network of relations. Combining geographic and network dimensions of an actor’s position, our aim in this article is to propose a dual core-periphery framework which provides the vocabulary and concepts to empirically scrutinize the role of periphery in innovation processes. Although we focus on the geography of innovation, this framework can be applied more broadly to discussions of peripherality.