bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Celastrol: A lead compound that inhibits SARS‐CoV‐2 replication, the activity of viral and human cysteine proteases, and virus‐induced IL‐6 secretion
Authors: Fuzo Carlos A. , Martins Ronaldo B. , Fraga‐Silva Thais F. C. , Amstalden Martin K. , Canassa De Leo Thais , Souza Juliano P. , Lima Thais M. , Faccioli Lucia H. , Okamoto Débora Noma , Juliano Maria Aparecida , França Suzelei C. , Juliano Luiz , Bonato Vania L. D. , Arruda Eurico , Dias‐Baruffi Marcelo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe global emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has caused substantial human casualties. Clinical manifestations of this disease vary from asymptomatic to lethal, and the symptomatic form can be associated with cytokine storm and hyperinflammation. In face of the urgent demand for effective drugs to treat COVID‐19, we have searched for candidate compounds using in silico approach followed by experimental validation. Here we identified celastrol, a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, as one of the best compounds out of 39 drug candidates. Celastrol reverted the gene expression signature from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2)‐infected cells and irreversibly inhibited the recombinant forms of the viral and human cysteine proteases involved in virus invasion, such as Mpro (main protease), PLpro (papain‐like protease), and recombinant human cathepsin L. Celastrol suppressed SARS‐CoV‐2 replication in human and monkey cell lines and decreased interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) secretion in the SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected human cell line. Celastrol acted in a concentration‐dependent manner, with undetectable signs of cytotoxicity, and inhibited in vitro replication of the parental and SARS‐CoV‐2 variant. Therefore, celastrol is a promising lead compound to develop new drug candidates to face COVID‐19 due to its ability to suppress SARS‐CoV‐2 replication and IL‐6 production in infected cells.
Laser‐induced graphene‐based flexible interdigital electrode realizing micro supercapacitor sustainable in different temperatures
Authors: Awasthi Himanshi , Renuka H , Srivastava Alok Kumar , Goel Sanket 
Published: August 2022

AbstractElectronic components for energy storage need to be mechanically conformable to ensure maximum wearer comfort, flexibility, and good thermal stability in different environments. Hence, the development of supercapacitors (SCs) as an alternative to micro‐batteries for use in microelectronics applications is currently receiving much scientific attention. This work presents an adaptable, cost‐effective, and efficient method to fabricate flexible laser‐induced graphene (LIG) supercapacitor electrodes using a CO2 laser. LIG formation and morphology have been studied and confirmed through energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The interdigital laser‐induced graphene electrodes are fabricated and optimized for SCs on a flexible substrate. These SCs have the advantages of charge‐discharge cycles, capacitive performance, high power density as well as long cyclic life. For LIG electrodes, the suitable electrolyte is optimized to control the electrochemical properties of supercapacitors, such as charge transfer, flexibility, and stability. Hence, a supercapacitor composed of 3D porous laser‐induced graphene with PVA‐KOH gel electrolyte is fabricated, with 83.33 mF/cm2 areal capacitance at a constant current density of 0.5 mA/cm2. The energy density 4.62 μWh/cm2 and power density 0.2 mW/cm2 are observed at a 0.5 mA/cm2 constant current density. The capacitance of the proposed SC increases with an increase in certain temperatures and shows excellent performance. This flexible SC could be a high potential for use in energy storage and wearable device applications.
An Intelligent Routing for Internet of Things Mesh Networks
Authors: Chakraborty Ishita , Das Prodipto , Pradhan Buddhadeb 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInternet of Things (IoT) is gaining popularity due to its complex network architecture, formed by the tremendous connection of objects. Sensors used in different IoT applications are installed in unfavorable terrains and conditions. Since each sensor node can sense, compute, and promote wireless communication, a novel intelligent routing algorithm is required, as the traditional ones do not fulfill the current network requirements. Reinforcement learning models can help overcome the wireless network's challenges faced during routing due to its dynamicity by selecting and adapting weights that optimize the paths based on the requirement of the applications and operating conditions. In this article, a routing agent with Q‐learning is proposed that adjusts the routing policy of a network based on local information to converge toward an optimal solution by maintaining the overall balance between latency and the network's lifetime. A reward is given to an agent that increases the network lifetime and reduces the average network latency. The evaluation of the proposed model was done using network simulators (NS‐2) on different network scenarios that showed improved results in terms of network lifetime compared to centralized minimum angle and distributed minimum angle.
Abolition in the Clutch: Shifting through the Gears with Anthropology
Authors: Shange Savannah 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAbolition is not a metaphor, and it is essential that our notion of “abolition” not get defanged and deracinated within the self‐evident boundaries of a discipline or even the academy. Amidst the tangle of complicity that is anthropology, there are also parts of the disciplinary toolkit that are useful for worldmaking: listening deeply, bearing witness, challenging the inevitability of the state, and building deep transnational and cross‐diasporic relation. In particular as surveillance, policing, and imprisonment become globalized as techniques of repression, anthropology can help disrupt US‐centrism while cultivating thicker solidarities. In this essay, I draw on Chela Sandoval's theory of differential political consciousness to roughly sketch five interlocking ideology‐praxes – five gears of abolition that at times are complementary, and at times contradictory. Within each gear, I lift up organizers and scholars whose work is shaping the theory and practice of abolition. Following the lead of activists, artists and movement builders, I invite academics to bring abolition home by contributing to ongoing campaigns happening on their campuses and in their neighborhoods.
Onde Mundoand pseudo‐Aristotle, a geoarchaeological analysis
Authors: Stiros Stathis C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract“De Mundo” (“On the Cosmos”), an influential ancient anonymous treatise (manuscript) covering natural phenomena and philosophical ideas, is assigned by the majority of investigators to pseudo‐Aristotle, an unknown philosopher of Roman times mimicking Aristotle. This article focuses on differences in the geological content between “Meteorologica” (“Meteorology”), the famous work of Aristotle on Natural Sciences, and “de Mundo.” Four themes are examined: the evolution of the legend of the 373 BC earthquake and tsunami at Helike and Boura (Gulf of Corinth, Greece) based on new geoarchaeological and archaeological evidence, volcanic eruptions of the Aeolian Islands and Etna, but not of Vesuvius (Italy), neurotoxic effects of gas seepage, mostly in oracles, and the style of referencing to geological information. The new geoarchaeological evidence permits the dating of “de Mundo” in the first century AD, thereby refining previous interpretations, and implies no evidence of change in Aristotle's philosophical and geographical ideas at the end of his life. The overall analysis provides an explanation for the legend of the catastrophe of Helike, and it highlights the potential of geoarchaeological methods to provide new insights even into literary, philosophical, and geographical issues, and the dating of various ancient manuscripts.
A wider‐aperture lens for global strategic management: The multinational enterprise in a bifurcated global economy
Authors: Teece David J. 
Published: August 2022

Research SummaryThe growth of China and President Xi's policies have transformed the global economy in ways that global strategy and international business (IB) scholars have yet to reflect fully in their research. The global economy is increasingly bifurcated between a China‐centered authoritarian system and a market‐oriented democratic system, generating complications and perils largely unknown since the end of the Cold War. The global business environment now bears faint resemblance to existing models in IB. To properly analyze the new reality, global strategy and IB scholars need to adopt a wider‐aperture, systems‐theoretic view that will require the cross‐fertilization of ideas and collaboration with other disciplines such as international political economy. This engagement will allow the development of more broadly based frameworks, theories, and models that can assist decision makers in the private and public sectors.Managerial SummaryStrategic rivalry between China and the West requires managers to face a new reckoning. China remains the world's factory, but it has a tenuous relationship to even‐handed rules of law, both domestically and internationally. China leverages access to its market and has aligned with other autocratic countries to reshape the world order. Many firms have straddled the divide and tried to play by two sets of rules. This is not viable longer term. The strategic decisions of Western firms, particularly those involved with advanced and, especially, dual‐use technologies, are consequential to the future of democracy. A systemic view of the long‐term health of the enterprise may reveal the need to choose. Choosing democracy means, at minimum, guarding intellectual property, enhancing organizational capabilities, coordinating with peers, and protecting national security.
Reproductive Embryo Editing: Attending to Justice
Authors: De Melo‐Martín Inmaculada 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe use of embryonic genome editing tools is often touted as a way to ensure the birth of healthy and genetically related children. Many would agree that this is a worthy goal. Yet the purpose of this article is to argue that, if we are concerned with justice, accepting such a goal as morally appropriate commits one to rejecting the use of social resources for further development of embryo editing for reproductive purposes. This is so because there are safer and more effective means that can allow many more prospective parents to achieve the same valued goal and that can offer additional benefits.
The Microethics of Communication in Health Care: A New Framework for the Fast Thinking of Everyday Clinical Encounters
Authors: Sisk Bryan , Dubois James M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn almost every clinical interaction, clinicians must navigate interpersonal challenges with near‐instantaneous responses to patients. Yet medical ethics has largely overlooked these small, interpersonal exchanges, instead focusing on “big” ethical problems, such as euthanasia, brain death, or genetic modification. In 1995, Paul Komesaroff proposed the concept of microethics as a nonprinciplist approach to ethics that focuses on “what happens in every interaction between every doctor and every patient.” We aim to develop a microethics framework to guide everyday clinical encounters, with a special focus on communication with patients and family members. We will advance three core insights: First, communication is an ethical act in ways seldom considered. Second, microethics is an essential lens through which to view the ethics of communication. Third, virtue can bridge reflective and automatic processes. Our intuitionist framework for microethics is thus based on this understanding of the role of virtue, and we propose six virtues that contribute to the goal of healing communication.
Rethinking Theory in Bioethics
Authors: Blumenthal‐Barby Jennifer 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis book review essay points to some of the more novel and controversial contributions of A Theory of Bioethics, by Joseph Millum and David DeGrazia (Cambridge University Press, 2021), such as their account of moral status. With a remarkable breadth of topics, the book is characterized by philosophical care and nuance and by spelling out the implications of the authors’ theorizing for real‐world, pressing questions, for instance, about the implications of Millum and DeGrazia's theoretical work on moral status for embryo research, animal research with mice and apes, and human‐brain organoids.
Genetic predisposition to porto‐sinusoidal vascular disorder: A functional genomic‐based, multigenerational family study
Authors: Shan Jingxuan , Megarbane André , Chouchane Aziz , Karthik Deepak , Temanni Ramzi , Romero Atilio Reyes , Hua Huiying , Pan Chun , Chen Xixi , Subramanian Murugan , Saad Chadi , Mbarek Hamdi , Mehawej Cybel , Chouery Eliane , Abuaqel Sirin W. , Dömling Alexander , Remadi Sami , Yaghi Cesar , Li Pu , Chouchane Lotfi 
Published: August 2022

Background and Aims:
Porto‐sinusoidal vascular disorder (PSVD) is a group of liver vascular diseases featuring lesions encompassing the portal venules and sinusoids unaccompanied by cirrhosis, irrespective of the presence/absence of portal hypertension. It can occur secondary to coagulation disorders or insult by toxic agents. However, the cause of PSVD remains unknown in most cases. Hereditary cases of PSVD are exceptionally rare, but they are of particular interest and may unveil genetic alterations and molecular mechanisms associated with the disease.

Approach and Results:
We performed genome sequencing of four patients and two healthy individuals of a large multigenerational Lebanese family with PSVD and identified a heterozygous deleterious variant (c.547C>T, p.R183W) of FCH and double SH3 domains 1 (FCHSD1), an uncharacterized gene, in patients. This variant segregated with the disease, and its pattern of inheritance was suggestive of autosomal dominant with variable expressivity. RNA structural modelling of human FCHSD1 suggests that the C‐to‐T substitution at position 547, corresponding to FCHSD1

R183W
, may increase both messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein stability and its interaction with MTOR‐associated protein, LST8 homolog, a key protein of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR pathway). These predictions were substantiated by biochemical analyses, which showed that FCHSD1

R183W
induced high FCHSD1 mRNA stability, overexpression of FCHSD1 protein, and an increase in mTORC1 activation. This human FCHSD1 variant was introduced into mice through CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Nine out of the 15 mice carrying the human FCHSD1

R183W
variant mimicked the phenotype of human PSVD, including splenomegaly and enlarged portal vein.

Conclusions:
Aberrant FCHSD1 structure and function leads to mTOR pathway overactivation and may cause PSVD.
miR‐125a‐3p aggravates ox‐LDL‐induced HUVEC injury through BAMBI
Authors: Xia Feng , Zeng Qingrong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAtherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the formation of atherosclerotic plaque in the intima of arteries. Among the known regulators of atherosclerosis, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play critical roles in lipoprotein homeostasis and plaque formation. But the roles of microRNA‐125a‐3p (miR‐125a‐3p) in the pathogenesis of AS remain unknown. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL) to construct the vascular injury model of AS pathogenesis in vitro. miR‐125a‐3p and BMP and activin membrane‐bound inhibitor (BAMBI) expression levels in HUVECs were then measured by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. The viability and apoptosis of HUVECs were analyzed by Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay, TUNEL assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. The relationship between BAMBI 3′‐untranslated region and miR‐125a‐3p was validated by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. miR‐125a‐3p expression was raised in HUVECs induced with ox‐LDL. In HUVECs, miR‐125a‐3p enhanced the effects of ox‐LDL treatment on repressing the viability and promoting the apoptosis of cells. Additionally, BAMBI was confirmed as a direct target of miR‐125a‐3p and BAMBI overexpression reversed the effects of miR‐125a‐3p on HUVECs. miR‐125a‐3p aggravates the dysfunction of HUVECs induced by ox‐LDL via BAMBI, which implies that miR‐125a‐3p is involved in the pathogenesis of AS.
Serum non‐coding RNAs for diagnosis and stage of liver fibrosis
Authors: Liu Chao , Hou Xueyun , Mo Kaixin , Li Nannan , An Cheng , Liu Guijian , Pan Zongdai 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAll chronic liver diseases could lead to liver fibrosis. Accurate diagnosis and stage of fibrosis were important for the medical determination, management, and therapy. Liver biopsy was considered to be the gold criteria of fibrosis diagnosis. However, liver biopsy was an invasive method with some drawbacks. Non‐invasive tests for liver fibrosis included radiologic method and serum‐based test. Radiologic examination was influenced by obesity, cost, and availability. Serum‐based test was widely used in the screening and diagnostic of liver fibrosis. However, the accuracy was still needed to be improved.MethodsRecent studies showed serum non‐coding RNAs: microRNA, long non‐coding RNA(lncRNA), and circular RNA(circRNA), which have the potentiality to be non‐invasive markers for liver fibrosis. The recent progress was summarized in this review.ResultsThese studies showed serum non‐coding RNAs exerted a good diagnostic performance for liver fibrosis. A panel that included several non‐coding RNAs could increase the accuracy of single marker.ConclusionsSerum microRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs could be potential non‐invasive markers for diagnosis and stage of liver fibrosis. More high‐quality clinical study is needed for further research.
Circular RNAs as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Rashedi Sina , Mardani Mahta , Rafati Ali , Khavandi Mohammad Mahdi , Mohammadi Fatemeh , Javanshir Salar , Sarallah Rojin , Dolatshahi Mahsa , Sabahi Mohammadmahdi , Azadnajafabad Sina , Tavolinejad Hamed , Rezaei Nima 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) play pivotal roles in proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells. This study is aimed to systematically summarize the current evidence regarding the clinical implications of circRNAs in RCC patients.MethodsA systematic search in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was performed until January 1, 2022. The correlation between the expression of circRNAs and clinicopathological, prognostic, and diagnostic features of RCC was evaluated using the meta‐analysis.ResultsUltimately, 41 studies with 3485 RCC patients were included in this study: 26 studies for clinicopathological features, 31 studies for prognosis, and eight studies for diagnosis. Altered expression of circRNAs was significantly associated with clinicopathological characteristics of RCC, including tumor size, tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM stage. The tumor promoter circRNAs were associated with reduced overall survival (OS) (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.68–2.34) and disease/progression/recurrence‐free survival (DFS/PFS/RFS) (HR = 2.34, 95% CI 1.85–2.97). Contrarily, the tumor suppressor circRNAs were linked with better OS (HR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.40–0.60) and DFS/PFS/RFS (HR = 0.40, 95% CI 0.28–0.59). The pooled sensitivity and specificity of circRNAs for RCC diagnosis in tissue samples were both 0.84. These results in fluid samples (serum and urine) were 0.78 and 0.69, respectively.ConclusionCircRNAs can serve as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for RCC.
“Lymphocyte * Neutrophil” count decreased in SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron patients in Shanghai with no significant change in CRP and SAA
Authors: Chang Huanhuan , Li Jiao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAt present, there is a new variant Omicron BA.2 of SARS‐CoV‐2. In some previous studies, it was found that CBC, NLR, CRP, SAA, etc. in patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 had a series of changes, which were significantly correlated with the diagnosis and prognosis of patients. Therefore, in order to find specific diagnostic indicators, we explore the changes in these blood indicators and inflammatory indicators in patients with the SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron.MethodsA total of 127 Omicron confirmed patients who had visited fever clinic was selected as the positive group, and 75 Omicron excluded patients were selected as the negative group. We collected and analyzed the CBC, CRP, SAA test data, and clinical data of all subjects for analysis and statistics.ResultsWBC, NEU, LYM, EOS, PLT, PCT, LYM * NEU count compared with the negative group were significantly lower (p < 0.05); on the contrary, CNR were significantly higher (p < 0.05); The levels of CRP and SAA were not significantly different from those of the negative group (p > 0.05); the AUC of 0.781 for the diagnosis of LYM * NEU with an optimal cutoff value of 5.79, with a sensitivity and specificity of 68% and 73%, respectively, Youden index of 0.41, giving the best diagnostic performance.ConclusionThe decreased LYM * NEU count can be used as the early, rapid, and accurate diagnostic indicator for Omicron. While due to the attenuated toxicity of BA.2 sublineage, CRP and SAA had no significance in the differential diagnosis of confirmed patients.
Evaluating dental students’ perspectives on the concurrent teaching of didactic and case‐based courses
Authors: Parikh Neha , Risinger Dane , Holland Julian N , Molony Donald A , van der Hoeven Dharini 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate student perception of integrating biomedical and clinical sciences based on survey of dental students on the concurrent teaching of a didactic systems‐based course and a case‐based course.MethodsFirst‐year to fourth‐year students (DS1–DS4) students were surveyed for their experiences in concurrent teaching. Student response rate for the survey was 55% (229/420). Pearson's Chi‐squared tests and Kruskal‐Wallis rank sum tests were used to assess statistical significance (p < 0.05).ResultsOf the students surveyed, 83% strongly agreed or agreed that concurrent teaching of the didactic and case‐based courses helped them better understand the biomedical science background and the clinical ramifications (p < 0.001). On average, 75% percent strongly agreed or agreed that concurrent teaching kept them engaged, motivated, think critically, apply the course content and prepare for clinical practice (p < 0.001). Of the students surveyed, 69% support expanding concurrent teaching to all four years (p < 0.001). Mean responses from DS1 and DS4 students differed for questions relating to understanding of biomedical sciences, critical thinking and application to clinic (p < 0.01). Qualitative data showed that students enjoyed the reinforcement of concepts and application to clinical scenarios.ConclusionsConcurrent teaching of didactic and case‐based learning courses, thus showing clinical relevance of biomedical sciences in the first year of dental curriculum, is perceived by students as an effective method of educating dental students. Such integrative learning process with horizontal and vertical integration and concurrent curriculum is even more relevant with the implementation of the integrated national board dental examination.