bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cloud Height Daytime Variability From DSCOVR/EPIC and GOES-R/ABI Observations
Authors: Delgado-Bonal A. , Marshak A. , Yang Y. , Oreopoulos L. 
Published: February 2022

One of the largest uncertainties in climate sensitivity predictions is the influence of clouds. While some aspects of cloud formation and evolution are well understood, others such as the diurnal variability of their heights remains largely unexplored at global scales. Aiming to fill that fundamental gap in cloud knowledge, this paper studies the daytime evolution of cloud top height using the EPIC instrument aboard the DSCOVR satellite, complemented by coincident cloud height retrievals by GOES-R’s ABI instrument. Both datasets indicate that cloud height exhibits a minimum around midday for low clouds with amplitudes between 250 and 600 m depending on the season. The two datasets also agree that high clouds exhibit a contrasting behavior with steady increase of cloud height from morning to evening. We investigate dependences on the type of underlying surface, finding that the amplitude of the diurnal cycles is weaker over ocean than over land for both EPIC and ABI retrievals. We also find a positive correlation between cloud fraction and height over ocean which turns negative over land for low clouds, while for high clouds the correlation is largely positive.
A Multi-Organ-on-Chip Approach to Investigate How Oral Exposure to Metals Can Cause Systemic Toxicity Leading to Langerhans Cell Activation in Skin
Authors: Koning Jasper J. , Rodrigues Neves Charlotte T. , Schimek Katharina , Thon Maria , Spiekstra Sander W. , Waaijman Taco , de Gruijl Tanja D. , Gibbs Susan 
Published: February 2022

Investigating systemic toxicity in vitro is still a huge challenge. Here, a multi-organ-on-chip approach is presented as a typical case of topical exposure of oral mucosa to metals, which are known to activate the immune system and in turn may result in skin inflammation. Reconstructed human gingiva (RHG) and reconstructed human skin containing MUTZ-3–derived Langerhans cells (MUTZ-LC) in the epidermis (RHS-LC) were incorporated into a HUMIMIC Chip3plus, connected by dynamic flow and cultured for a total period of 72 h. Three independent experiments were performed each with an intra-experiment replicate in order to assess the donor and technical variations. After an initial culture period of 24 h to achieve stable dynamic culture conditions, nickel sulfate was applied topically to RHG for 24 h, and LC activation (maturation and migration) was determined in RHS-LC after an additional 24 h incubation time. A stable dynamic culture of RHG and RHS-LC was achieved as indicated by the assessment of glucose uptake, lactate production, and lactate dehydrogenase release into the microfluidics compartment. Nickel exposure resulted in no major histological changes within RHG or RHS-LC, or cytokine release into the microfluidics compartment, but did result in an increased activation of LC as observed by the increased mRNA levels of CD1a, CD207, HLA-DR, and CD86 in the dermal compartment (hydrogel of RHS-LC (PCR)). This is the first study to describe systemic toxicity and immune cell activation in a multi-organ setting and can provide a framework for studying other organoids in the future.
Studies on Age-Related Changes in Equine Cheek Teeth Angulation and Dental Drift
Authors: Liuti Tiziana , Daniel Carola R. , Dixon Padraic Martin , Reardon Richard J. M. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundCheek teeth (second through fourth premolars and first through third molars) diastema is a common and painful equine disorder caused by the absence of effective tight interdental contact between these teeth. Limited objective information is available on the angulation of equine cheek teeth that control dental drift or on mesial or distal equine cheek teeth drift that should normally prevent this disorder.ObjectivesTo measure the angulation of the mesial and distal cheek teeth in horses of different ages, quantify age-related cheek teeth mesial and distal dental drift, and measure the cheek teeth row length in horses of different ages.Study DesignRetrospective review of computed tomographic images of equine heads.MethodsCase details and CT images from clinical equine cases that had undergone standing CT head examination were collated.Three sets of measurements were acquired from each head. “Head size” calculated as the distance between the caudal aspect of the orbit and the caudal aspect of the naso-incisive notch was used to standardize measurements in different sized heads. The length of the cheek teeth rows measured from the mesial aspect of the Triadan 06 occlusal surface to the distal aspect of the Triadan 11 occlusal surface. The rostro-caudal (antero-posterior) position and angulation of the mandibular and maxillary Triadan 06 and 11 teeth were measured in relation to reference lines drawn on CT images.ResultsSignificant mesial drift occurred in the maxillary and mandibular Triadan 11s. Despite their distal angulation, the upper and lower Triadan 06s also drifted mesially. The mean angulation of Triadan 06 and 11 mandibular teeth (17.8 and 26.2°, respectively) was almost double that of maxillary teeth (9.2 and 13.3°, respectively) with both Triadan 11s having greater angulation than the 06s. Cheek teeth angulation only significantly decreased in the mandibular 06s. Cheek teeth arcade lengths decreased with age, but these decreases were not significant.Main LimitationsLimitations include the relatively small sample size.ConclusionsIn the population of horses used for this study, age related mesial drift occurred in both Triadan 06 and 11s, and the angulation of these teeth did not decrease with age in most arcades.
PENGARUH FAKTOR PERILAKU TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN JAMBAN CEMPLUNG
Authors: Murni Khairani , Nyorong Mappeaty , Anto Anto 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRAK
Jamban yang tidak sehat dapat membawa efek terhadap penurunan tingkat kesehatan Berdasarkan data Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Selatan tahun 2019, di ketahui bahwa cakupan PHBS di kabupaten Labuhan Batu Selatan untuk ketersediaan jamban sehat hanya sebesar 52,7%, adapun tujuan peneitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis Pengaruh Faktor perilaku terhadap penggunaan jamban cemplung di desa sisumut kecamatan kota Pinang Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Selatan.Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Lokasi penelitian ini dilakukan di desa Sisumut kecamatan Kota Pinang Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Selatan. Waktu Penelitian berlangsung mulai bulan September sampai dengan oktober 2019. Populasi penelitian yaitu seluruh kepala keluarga di desa Sisumut kecamatan Kota Pinang Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Selatan dengan jumlah sebanyak 290 kepala keluarga. Teknik yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling berjumlah 37 orang. Data hasil survey dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Chi Square dan regresi logistik.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa, pengetahuan (p=0,000), sikap (p=0,000), ketersediaan akses (p=0,000) berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan jamban cemplung di Desa Sisumut Kecamatan Kota Pinang Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Selatan.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan, sikap dan ketersediaan akses berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan jamban cemplung di Desa Sisumut Kecamatan Kota Pinang Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Selatan, Sehingga adapun saran dalam penelitian ini diharapkan agar membuat program penyuluhan tentang pemanfaatan jamban cemplung kepada masyarakat.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS BERBASIS PARIWISATA BAGI SISWA SD DI DESA HUTARAJA
Authors: Silaban Putri sari 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
English language speaking mastery is a basic need for people who rely on the tourism sector. Just like people who live in Hutaraja, this need is crucial to them in selling their creation to the tourists moreover to the foreign tourist who often visit Hutaraja. Sadly, this chance must be faced by the people of Hutaraja who do not master any English language speaking mastery. This problem encouraged to the implementation of this training. This training had given positive result to Hutaraja’s people English language speaking mastery. However, further training is needed in order to enhance English language speaking mastery of people in Hutaraja so that they can have better insight and better English language speaking mastery in communicating with foreign tourists who visit Hutaraja.

Keywords: Training; Basic Skills; Speaking; English
PENYULUHAN DAN PEMERIKSAAN KESEHATAN (TENSI DARAH, Hb, KOLESTEROL, GULA DARAH, ASAM URAT ) DI DESA TELAGA SARI TANJUNG MORAWA
Authors: Suryani Suryani M.F. Situmeang , Setiyawati Dewi , - Suparni 
Published: February 2022

Salah satu wujud kepedulian Perguruan Tinggi terhadap lingkungan sosial dan budaya masyarakat (Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi) adalah Pengabdian masyarakat. Dengan terjalinnya hubungan yang serasi antara Perguruan Tinggi dengan masyarakat, maka diharapkan adanya masukan untuk perbaikan mutu Perguruan Tinggi dimata masyarakat yang memerlukannya. Telah dilaksanakan Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat Penyuluhan Kesehatan Pemeriksaan Kesehatan Tekanan Darah, Haemoglobin, Kadar gula darah, Kadar Asam urat dan Kadar Kolesterol di Desa Telaga Sari Tanjung Morawa Pada Hari Jumat tanggal 2 Oktober 2020. Sebelum dilakukan penyuluhan, pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai penyakit hipertensi, diabetes, asam urat, kolesterol dan anemia masi sangat rendah. Setelah dilakukan penyuluhan, dilakukan kembali evaluasi berupa post tes pada orang yang sama sebanyak 20 orang, didapatkan semua masyarakat sudah meningkat pengetahuannya. Pemeriksaan Kesehatan bagi masarakat Desa Telaga Sari Kecamatan Tanjung Morawa Kabupaten Deli Serdang berjumlah 103 Orang yang terdiri dari 20 orang Laki- laki dan 83 orang perempuan dimana usia yang di atas 40 tahun berjumlah 74 orang, yang tekanan darahnya meninggi berjumlah 44 orang (49,7%), kadar Hb yang di bawah normal berjumlah 18 orang (17,47%) Kadar gula darah yang meninggi 32 orang (31,6 %), Kadar asam Urat yang meninggi berjumlah 15 orang (14,6 % ) dan 53 orang (51,45 % ) yang kadar kolesterolnya yang meninggi.
EDUKASI PENCEGAHAN COVID 19 MEMASUKI KONDISI NEW NORMAL PADA ANAK – ANAK
Authors: Sihombing Yeni Rafita 
Published: February 2022

Infeksi coronavirus adalah salah satu penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus corona dan gejala utama adalah berupa gangguan pernapasan. Penyakit ini muncul di awal tahun 2020 di Indonesia. Virus Corona sudah menyebar ke seluruh daerah di Indonesia salah satunya adalah kota Medan. Penularan Covid 19 di wilayah kota Medan mencapai angka yang sangat tinggi terkhusus di wilayah Tanjung Gusta. Para pelajar adalah usia yang sangat rentan dalam penularan covid 19 disebabkan karena tidaka adanya pemahaman dari anak – anak tentang bahaya covid 19. Tim pengabdian kepada masyarakat melakukan penyuluhan yang bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi kepada para pelajar untuk mencegah covid 19 memasuki kondisi new normal. Dari hasil penyuluhan yang dilakukan terlihat bahwa tingkat pengetahuan dan keterampilan dari para pelajar meningkat, mereka telah dapat mempraktekkan langsung langkah – langkah dalam mencegah covid 19. Para pelajar menerapkan protocol kesehatan ketika mereka melakukan aktivitas di luar rumah.
PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, LIKUIDITAS DAN FINANCIAL LEVERAGE TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2012-2015
Authors: Sinaga Jholant Bringg Luck Amelia 
Published: February 2022

PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, LIKUIDITAS DAN FINANCIAL LEVERAGE TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK
INDONESIA PERIODE 2012-2015
Jholant Bringg Luck Amelia Br Sinaga, SE.,MM.
jholantamelia@unprimdn.ac.id
Faculty of Economy, University of Prima Indonesia

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh ukuran perusahaan, likuiditas dan financial leverage terhadap kebijakan dividen perusahaan perbankan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2012-2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Sifat penelitian ini adalah penelitian sebab dan akibat/kausal. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia sebanyak 43 perusahaan perbankaan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 9 Perusahaan Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2012-2015. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah studi pustaka dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis data penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan secara parsial terhadap kebijakan dividen perusahaan perbankan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2012-2015. Likuiditas tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan secara parsial terhadap kebijakan dividen perusahaan perbankan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2012-2015. Financial leverage tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan secara parsial terhadap kebijakan dividen perusahaan perbankan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2012-2015. Ukuran perusahaan, likuiditas dan financial leverage berpengaruh dan signifikan secara simultan terhadap kebijakan dividen perusahaan perbankan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2012-2015.

Kata Kunci : Ukuran perusahaan, Likuiditas, Financial Leverage dan Kebijakan Dividen
Adaptasi Masyarakat Menghadapi Kebiasaan Baru di Masa Pandemi Covid 19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Siatas Barita Tahun 2020
Authors: Hutabarat Naomi Isabella 
Published: February 2022

Adaptasi kebiasaan baru adalah agar kita bisa bekerja, belajar dan beraktivitas dengan produktif di era Pandemi Covid-19. New Normal adalah suatu tindakan atau perilaku yang dilakukan oleeh masyarakat dan semua institusi yang ada di wilayah tersebut untuk melakukan pola harian, pola kerja atau pola hidup baru yang berbeda dengan sebelumnya. Bila hal ini tidak dilakukan, akan terjadi resiko penularan. Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat ini memiliki tujuan untuk mewujudkan salah satu kegiatan Tri darma Perguruan Tinggi dan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kedisiplinan masyarakat tentang Adaptasi Masyarakat menuju kebiasaan baru di masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Siatas Barita. Kebiasaan baru untuk hidup lebih sehat harus terus menerus dilakukan di masyarakat, sehingga menjadi normal social dalam kehidupan sehari hari. Bila kebiasaan baru tidak dilakukan secara disiplin atau hanya dilakukan oleh sekelompok orang saja, maka hal ini bisa menjadi ancaman wabah penularan virus corona covid-19. Kebiasaan lama yang sering dilakukan, seperti bersalaman, cipika-cipiki, cium tangan, berkerumun/bergerombol, malas cuci tangan harus mulai ditinggalkan karena mendukung penularan Covid-19. Hasil dari kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat ini adalah diharapkan bahwa masyarakat membutuhkan penyuluhan dan pengetahuan akan pentingnya memelihara kesehatan agar terhindar dari covid-19. Semakin meningkatnya penerapan adaptasi kebiasaan baru dan seiring waktu berjalan pola hidup dengan adaptasi kebiasaan baru sudah menjadi budaya baru, gaya baru yang terjadi saat ini dari mulai anggota keluarga berada dalam lingkungan keluarga di rumah maupun dalam beraktivitas keluar dengan contoh selalu menggunakan masker khususnya saat beraktivitas keluar rumah, meenjaga jarak dengan orang lain, tidak bersentuhan di sembarang tempat.
Kata Kunci: Penyuluhan, Adaptasi kebiasaan baru, Masker, Handsanitaizer.
Les écrivains dans l’espace post-idéologique : le « soviétique » comme phénomène dans la réflexion sur l’art et la littérature
Authors: Aleksandrov Nikolaï 
Published: February 2022

Writers in the post-ideological space : the “ Soviet” as a phenomenon in the debate between art and literature
The disappearance of the soviet ideology and the discovery of new meanings and new concepts have radically changed the russian literary landscape. In such conditions, any idea, under whatever guise, becomes self-sufficient– from the potchvennitchestvo [ the return to the soil] and the imperialist dreams to the absolute irony of postmodernism and the faith in the rebirth of the liberal idea. the “ soviet” (i. e. the experience of existence and a typology of minds) has not been the subject of historiosophic interpretation. the Marxist paradigm had stopped working as new methods of interpretations had yet not been invented and assimilated. In such conditions, as has already occurred in russian culture, myth–‘ literal’ interpretation freed from the logos of contemporary reality as well as that of the historical reality of the past – is brought to the foreground.
Entre le tragique et le comique de la vie quotidienne : l’anecdote comme fait culturel russe du XXe siècle
Authors: Moskvitcheva Svetlana 
Published: February 2022

Between the tragedy and comedy of everyday life : the anecdote as Russian cultural fact in the 20th century
The Anecdote as a particular genre of russian folklore in the 20th century was generated by the urban world. It was created by people who had been torn away from the regular cycle of natural existence and had become the hostages of frozen time beyond the visible turmoil of events. temporal rupture has materialized in the hermeneutics of the anecdote, through the necessary superposition of meanings, the semantic divorce, and the unexpected ending. the 20th century has engendered and destroyed myths, creating its own closed-off semantics of existence which, in an odd but logical way, have woven themselves into the fabric of the anecdote. the anecdote’s universe is a cynical realm in which existence, in its philosophical sense, has been weighed down to the level of the everyday and where laughter represents a means of easing off the pressure imposed by the system. the anecdote forms an integral part of a slang-driven– though also at times elite-driven-culture that has rejected the official romantic and pathetic paradigm.
L'enfance soviétique : souvenir ou mythologie ?
Authors: Noussinova Natalia 
Published: February 2022

The Soviet childhood : memory or mythology ?
A generation of children not cognizant with the realia of the soviet way of life has been born in the twenty year interval separating us from the time when the USSR collapsed. this is the reason why, for example, such a book as Djerik’s Adventures
comes with a “ Glossary of difficult and soviet words” explaining to children, in a facetious tone, what a “ Bolshevik” and a “ pioneer” are, what the holidays of May, 1st or November, 7th mean, and what the October Revolution is. Talking with the readers however shows that children are able to perceive the stories of this lost world beyond the barrier of unknown words and realia in the same way as adults can read foreign literature and it is no surprise, in this respect, that Djerik’s Adventures has been translated into French, Italian, and Spanish. This distinction in levels of perception is what allows children of today to read and understand books by contemporary authors writing on “ Soviet childhood,” such as Boris Minaiev’s Liova’s Childhood and The Genius of Judo or Pavel Sanaiev’s Bury Me under the Tiles, as they would read the adventures of children of their age living in a foreign country, but facing the same problems. the ideological content of these books disappears and undergoes transformation while their human content remains. This article will examine and describe this process.
Les mots russes de la culture matérielle : les ambiguïtés du dualisme « mot d’origine slave » / « mot occidental »
Authors: Sakhno Serguei 
Published: February 2022

The Russian words related to material culture : an ambiguous duality «word of Slavic origin » versus «loanword of West-European origin »
Beyond the simple binarity “ Slavic word”/“ West-European word”, the main Russian lexemes denoting “ industry” (промышленнoсть / индустрия) display, when viewed both in diachrony and in synchrony, a wide range of uses and semantic shades. The analysis of corresponding lexical entries in Russian texts (end of the 18th -20th centuries) reveals a trend toward semantic neutralization and, more recently (beginning of the 21th century), a kind of semantic inversion : промышленнoсть seems to become more specific in comparison with индустрия.
La figure du paysan, antidote à l’angoisse dans l’oeuvre de Léon Tolstoï
Authors: Delaunay Claire 
Published: February 2022

The Peasant Figure : The Antidote to Anguish in the Works of Leo Tolstoy.
the peasant occupies a particular place in Tolstoy’s oeuvre and often plays an essential part in it. In this article, we choose to focus on three muzhik characters. their specificity lies in the fact that they provide solace, comfort and hope for three heroes racked by suffering, revolt, and despair, wondering about the meaning of existence. these heroes are Pierre Bezukhov, Konstantin Levin and Ivan Ilych. each one receives a luminous revelation that saves him from anguish thanks to contact with, respectively, Platon Karataev in War and Peace, Fedor in Anna Karenina and Gerasim in the Death of Ivan Ilych. We first examine what constitutes the peasant identity of these auxiliary, almost allegorical figures. Work and activity, as well as a collective dimension, which is even marked in language, seem to be essential features, characteristic of that identity. by these very characteristics, the muzhik appears as the person who most clearly understands the meaning of life. this is a life of labour, and of communion with others, a life, furthermore, which is ultimately inseparable from death.
A Learning Mindset Needed from Faculty in Online Program Management and University Partnership Business Model
Authors: Ramani Swati 
Published: February 2022

Many universities are transforming themselves from single mode on-campus universities to dual mode universities after recognizing the importance of providing online education programs and the kinds of opportunities they offer. These universities often have their faculty work with instructional designers (ID) in-house or at times outsource online course development to an Online Program Management (OPM) provider. The ID process involves course development where faculty and instructional designer (ID) work together to build the online course. A gap exists in the literature around how faculty interact with such IDs provided by OPMs and what impact the ID process has in their teaching design, and their pedagogical knowledge and development. This research uses a Case Study to analyze how the nature and dynamics of the ID process in a business partnership between a research university and an OPM provider influence faculty. This case study included a private research university that had recently joined a partnership with an Online Program Management Provider (OPM) to develop and offer online Master’s degree programs. The Activity Theory conceptual framework was used to direct inquiry and analysis. Results show that the impact on faculty pedagogical knowledge and development is different for each faculty and is dependent on faculty assumptions, personality, attitudes, training in pedagogy and technology, and past online teaching experiences. A learning mindset from the faculty side is very important to get the best of this relationship. This research supports e-learning practice by guiding that faculty should not be participating just due to the pressure by their upper-level management but because they really want to teach online. Faculty should be ready to check their own assumptions and knowledge they have about pedagogy before getting into this process. This study is a novel approach to understand the impact on faculty teaching design using Activity Theory framework. It shows how Activity Theory could be a useful technique to solve problems in e-learning research and practice.