bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visualizing novel connections and genetic similarities across diseases using a network-medicine based approach
Authors: Ferolito Brian , do Valle Italo Faria , Gerlovin Hanna , Costa Lauren , Casas Juan P. , Gaziano J. Michael , Gagnon David R. , Begoli Edmon , Barabási Albert-László , Cho Kelly 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the genetic relationships between human disorders could lead to better treatment and prevention strategies, especially for individuals with multiple comorbidities. A common resource for studying genetic-disease relationships is the GWAS Catalog, a large and well curated repository of SNP-trait associations from various studies and populations. Some of these populations are contained within mega-biobanks such as the Million Veteran Program (MVP), which has enabled the genetic classification of several diseases in a large well-characterized and heterogeneous population. Here we aim to provide a network of the genetic relationships among diseases and to demonstrate the utility of quantifying the extent to which a given resource such as MVP has contributed to the discovery of such relations. We use a network-based approach to evaluate shared variants among thousands of traits in the GWAS Catalog repository. Our results indicate many more novel disease relationships that did not exist in early studies and demonstrate that the network can reveal clusters of diseases mechanistically related. Finally, we show novel disease connections that emerge when MVP data is included, highlighting methodology that can be used to indicate the contributions of a given biobank.
Wearable flexible body matched electromagnetic sensors for personalized non-invasive glucose monitoring
Authors: Hanna Jessica , Tawk Youssef , Azar Sami , Ramadan Ali H. , Dia Batoul , Shamieh Elias , Zoghbi Sumaya , Kanj Rouwaida , Costantine Joseph , Eid Assaad A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis work introduces novel body-matched, vasculature-inspired, quasi-antenna-arrays that act as electromagnetic sensors to instantaneously, continuously, and wirelessly sense glucose variations in the bloodstream. The proposed sensors are personalized, leverage electromagnetic waves, and are coupled with a custom machine-learning-based signal-processing module. These sensors are flexible, and embedded in wearable garments such as socks, which provide conformity to curved skin surfaces and movement resilience. The entire wearable system is calibrated against temperature, humidity, and movement resulting in high accuracy in glucose variations tracking. In-Vivo experiments on diabetic rats and pigs exhibit a 100% diagnostic accuracy over a wide range of glucose variations. Human trials on patients with diabetes and healthy individuals reveal a clinical accuracy of continuous glucose monitoring of 99.01% in twenty-eight subjects who underwent Oral Glucose Tolerance Tests. Hence, our approach ensures the continuous tracking of glucose variations from hypo-to-hyper glycemic levels with great fidelity.
Bacterial communities of the oviduct of turkeys
Authors: Kursa Olimpia , Tomczyk Grzegorz , Sawicka-Durkalec Anna , Adamska Karolina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBacterial communities in the reproductive tract of avian species play an important role in keeping birds healthy and encouraging growth. Infection can occur during egg formation with pathogens that can be transmitted to the embryo. In this study, we investigated the bacterial composition in the turkey reproductive tract using a taxa identification based on the amplicon sequence of the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The microbial composition and relative abundance of bacteria differed between individual birds. Among the 19 phyla detected in turkey oviduct were unique taxa like Planctomycetes or Petescibacteria. Differences in composition of bacterial diversity were found at the family and genus level. Oviducts contained also several genus with well-recognized avian pathogens like Escherichia-Shigella, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, and Ornithobacterium. Some of the bacteria described in this study have not been so far identified in turkeys. The objective of this study was to identify bacterial communities in the turkey oviduct and compared the composition of the oviduct with that in chickens broadening the knowledge of the microbial composition in the reproductive tract of poultry.
The shrunk genetic diversity of coral populations in North-Central Patagonia calls for management and conservation plans for marine resources
Authors: Addamo Anna Maria , Zaccara Serena , Häussermann Vreni , Höfer Juan , Försterra Günter , García-Jiménez Ricardo , Crosa Giuseppe , Machordom Annie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Chilean Patagonia is a complex puzzle of numerous fjords, channels, bays, estuaries, and islands. The largest part of it is very remote, hampering the generation of scientific knowledge and effective management planning that could balance conservation of the marine resources with the increasing development of aquaculture activities. The present study focuses on the deep-water emergent cold-water coral Desmophyllum dianthus, dwelling in Chilean Patagonia, with the aim to illustrate its population genetic structure, demography and adaptation of the species along this coast. Microsatellite loci analysis included D. dianthus individuals from twelve sampling localities along bathymetric and oceanographic gradients from the latitude 40°S to 48°S. The results showed a lack of genetic structure with an asymmetric dispersion of individuals, and relevant heterozygosity deficiency in some populations. This study also analyses the natural and human impacts affecting the region (e.g., climate change, increasing salmon farming activities), and stresses the importance of including genetic information in the process of management and conservation of marine resources. In particular, the relevance of using interdisciplinary approaches to fill the gaps in scientific knowledge especially in remote and pristine areas of western Patagonia. Therefore, information on genetic spatial distribution of marine fauna could become pivotal to develop a holistic ecosystem-based approach for marine spatial planning.
Temporal binding of social events less pronounced in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Vogel David H. V. , Jording Mathis , Esser Carolin , Conrad Amelie , Weiss Peter H. , Vogeley Kai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDifferences in predictive processing are considered amongst the prime candidates for mechanisms underlying different symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A particularly valuable paradigm to investigate these processes is temporal binding (TB) assessed through time estimation tasks. In this study, we report on two separate experiments using a TB task designed to assess the influence of top-down social information on action event related TB. Both experiments were performed with a group of individuals diagnosed with ASD and a matched group without ASD. The results replicate earlier findings on a pronounced social hyperbinding for social action-event sequences and extend them to persons with ASD. Hyperbinding however, is less pronounced in the group with ASD as compared to the group without ASD. We interpret our results as indicative of a reduced predictive processing during social interaction. This reduction most likely results from differences in the integration of top-down social information into action-event monitoring. We speculate that this corresponds to differences in mentalizing processes in ASD.
Frequency of functional exonic single-nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotype distribution in the SLCO1B1 gene across genetic ancestry groups in the Qatari population
Authors: Dashti Mohammed , Al-Matrouk Abdullah , Channanath Arshad , Al-Mulla Fahd , Thanaraj Thangavel Alphonse 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOrganic anion transporting polypeptides (OATP), which are encoded by SLCO genes, participate in the hepatic elimination of drugs and xenobiotics. SLCO1B1 is an important pharmacogenomic gene (encoding OATP1B1) associated with response to the uptake of endogenous compounds, such as statin and bilirubin. Ethnicity of the patient modulates the response to these drugs; the frequency and haplotype data for SLCO1B1 genetic variants in the Arab population is lacking. Therefore, we determined the frequencies of two well-characterized SLCO1B1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and haplotypes that affect the OATP1B1 drugs transportation activity in Qatari population. Genotyping data for two SLCO1B1 SNPs (c.388A > G, c.521 T > C) were extracted from whole exome data of 1050 Qatari individuals, who were divided into three ancestry groups, namely Bedouins, Persians/South Asians, and Africans. By way of using Fisher's exact and Chi-square tests, we evaluated the differences in minor allele frequency (MAF) of the two functional SNPs and haplotype frequencies (HF) among the three ancestry groups. The OATP1B1 phenotypes were assigned according to their function by following the guidelines from the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium for SLCO1B1 and Simvastatin-Induced Myopathy.The MAF of SLCO1B1:c.388A > G was higher compared to that of SLCO1B1:c.521 T > C in the study cohort. It was significantly high in the African ancestry group compared with the other two groups, whereas SLCO1B1:c.521 T > C was significantly low in the African ancestry group compared with the other two groups. The SLCO1B1 *15 haplotype had the highest HF, followed by *1b, *1a, and *5. Only the SLCO1B1 *5 haplotype showed no significant difference in frequency across the three ancestry groups. Furthermore, we observed that the OATP1B1 normal function phenotype accounted for 58% of the Qatari individuals, the intermediate function phenotype accounted for 35% with significant differences across the ancestry groups, and the low function phenotype accounted for 6% of the total Qatari individuals with a higher trend observed in the Bedouin group.The results indicate that the phenotype frequencies of the OATP1B1 intermediate and low function in the Qatari population appear at the higher end of the frequency range seen worldwide. Thus, a pharmacogenetic screening program for SLCO1B1 variants may be necessary for the Qatari population.
Insect pest management with sex pheromone precursors from engineered oilseed plants
Authors: Wang Hong-Lei , Ding Bao-Jian , Dai Jian-Qing , Nazarenus Tara J. , Borges Rafael , Mafra-Neto Agenor , Cahoon Edgar B. , Hofvander Per , Stymne Sten , Löfstedt Christer 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPheromones have become an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional insecticides for pest control. Most current pheromone-based pest control products target lepidopteran pests of high-value crops, as today’s manufacturing processes cannot yet produce pheromones at low enough costs to enable their use for lower-value crops, especially commodity crops.Camelina sativaseeds genetically modified to express (Z)-11-hexadecenoic acid, a sex pheromone precursor of several moth species, provided the oil from which the precursor was isolated, purified and transformed into the final pheromone. Trap lures containing this pheromone were then assessed for their capacity to manage moth pests in the field. Plant-derived pheromone lures proved equally effective as synthetic pheromone lures in monitoring the diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella, in cabbage and disrupting mating of cotton bollworm,Helicoverpa armigera, in common bean fields. Our study demonstrates the biological efficacy and economic feasibility of pheromone production in plant factories by metabolic engineering of an oilseed crop.
A wide‐angle beam scanning circularly polarized, tightly coupled dipole array based on two‐layer parasitic ring structure elements
Authors: Zhao Ming‐Yang , Lei Xue , Zhu Yi‐Jun , Gao Jun , Tang Zhuo‐ying , Jiang Pan‐pan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a wide‐angle beam scanning circularly polarized (CP) phased array element, which consists of a concentric tightly coupled dipole array (TCDA) element with a two‐layer parasitic ring structure and a wideband 90° phase shifter, is proposed. To solve the problem of the scanning blindness zone caused by a concentric layout, the grounded coupling patch for the traditional TCDA element is ‘split’ into a combination of a grounded parasitic ring and coupling patch. This combination structure can not only suppress the in‐band common‐mode resonance but also destroy the scanning blind zone mode formed by the dipole and grounded coupling patch. In addition, a two‐layer parasitic ring structure is introduced to obtain a wider axial ratio (AR) beamwidth relative to a single‐layer structure, so a wide‐angle beam scanning AR is realized. An 8 × 8 left‐handed CP planar array based on the proposed wide‐angle beam scanning CP elements is designed and prototyped. Results show that the array can operate over a 3.2:1 (3.75–12.0 GHz) overlapping bandwidth, meeting an AR < 3 dB in the main beam and an active voltage standing wave ratio <2.8 within a ±60° angle scanning range.
Comprehensive Germline Genomic Profiling of Patients with Ovarian Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pramanik Raja , Upadhyay Avinash , Khurana Sachin , Kumar Lalit , Malik Prabhat S. , Kumar Sunesh , Ray M. D. , Deo S. V. S. , Gupta Ritu , Thakral Deepshi , Thulkar Sanjay , Ramprasad V. L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction Ovarian cancer is the third most common cancer among Indian women. The data on the hereditary predisposition of these cancers and the clinical outcomes of those with pathogenic mutations is meager in India.
Objective The aim of the current study was to analyze the germline-genetic profile, clinicopathological characteristics, and outcomes of patients with ovarian cancer who were referred for genetic counseling at our Institute.
Materials and Methods It was a cross-sectional observational study. Patients with histological diagnosis of carcinoma ovary at our institute who were referred for genetic counseling from July 2017 to June 2020 were included in the study. All patients underwent pretest counseling. Most patients underwent multigene panel testing with reflex multiplication ligation-dependent probe amplification for large genomic rearrangements, while some received testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 only. The variants were classified as pathogenic or benign based on American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) guidelines. Data regarding the demographic profile, clinical characteristics, histopathological findings, family history, treatment received, and outcomes were extracted from the medical record system files.
Results One hundred and one patients were referred to the genetic clinic and underwent genetic counseling. All patients were advised for genetic testing; however, only 72 (71%) underwent testing. A multigene panel testing was done in 51 (70%) patients, and only BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes were tested in 21 (30%). Among the 72 patients who underwent a genetic test, the median age was 47 years (range, 28–82). The most common histopathology was serous (90%), while 85% were diagnosed having stage 3 and 4 ovarian cancer. A pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) BRCA or non-BRCA mutation was detected in 32 (44%) patients. Six patients (8%) had a variant of unknown significance (VUS). Among P/LP mutations, 85% were in the BRCA gene (75% in BRCA1 and 10% in BRCA2), while 15% were in non-BRCA gene mutations (RAD51, PALB2, MER11, HMMR). Disease-free survival and overall survival were not different in mutation-positive and mutation-negative cohorts.
Conclusions We report 44% P/LP mutations in this selected cohort of patients with carcinoma ovaries. BRCA mutations constituted 85% of all the mutations, while 15% of mutations were in non-BRCA genes.
“PALLCARE Seva”—A Beacon Amid the Catastrophic COVID-19 Times: A Cross-Sectional Study from a Rural Oncology Institute in Western Maharashtra
Authors: Patil Chaitanya R. , Tanawade Prasad , Dhamne Nilesh , Anap Yogesh , Watve Parag 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction Advanced cancer patients often require clinic or hospital follow-up for their symptom control to maintain their quality of life. But it becomes difficult for the patients to attend the same due to financial, commutation, and logistic issues.
Objective The aim of this study was to audit the telephonic calls of the service and prospectively collected data to understand the quality of service provided to the patients at follow-up.
Materials and Methods An ambispective observational study was conducted on the advanced stage cancer patients referred to the palliative care department at Kolhapur Cancer Center, Kolhapur, Maharashtra. We conducted an audit of the 523 telephonic calls of our service—“PALLCARE Seva” from June 2020 to February 2021. Prospectively, we assessed the quality of service based on 125 telephonic calls (n = 125) for this; we designed a questionnaire consisting of 11 items on the 5-point Likert scale for satisfaction by the patients or their caregivers at the follow-up. After a pilot study, the final format of questionnaire was used to collect the data.
Results Of the 523 calls attended, we provided 30.11% patients with dosage change of medications for their symptom management, 16.25% patients have liaised with local general practitioners, and 14.34% of cases had to be referred for emergency management to our hospitals. We provided 23.9% of them with emotional and bereavement support and 6.21% with smartphone-based or video-assisted guidance to the patients and caregivers.
Conclusions Liaison of general practitioners was possible in more than one-tenth of cases. The core components of our service were politeness and caring attitude, helpfulness, handling doubts regarding the illness, and an opportunity to share thoughts from the patients or caregivers. More than three-fourth of the callers have rated their experience as satisfactory and would recommend this service to other patients in need.
Fear of Recurrence and Somatic Symptom Severity in Multiple Myeloma Patients: An Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shenoy V P Praveen Kumar , Raghavan Vineetha , Manuprasad Avaronnan , B. Sajeev Kumar P. , Raj Zoheb , Nair Chandran K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction Psychosocial concerns especially fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is less commonly addressed among patients with multiple myeloma in India. Myeloma being incurable, an understanding of this problem is essential for adequately addressing them.
Objectives To study the prevalence of FCR among patients with multiple myeloma and determine the prevalence of somatic symptoms among patients with multiple myeloma.
Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was performed at our institution among patients with multiple myeloma who had been on treatment for 1 year or more. The study was conducted between July 01 and July 31, 2015. At least 49 patients were required to be recruited into this study to meet its first objective. Patients were administered fear of cancer recurrence inventory (FCRI) questionnaire and Physical Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15) questionnaire.
Results Sixty-four patients participated in the study. The median age was 60 years (34–80 years) and majority were females (N = 38, 60%). ISS staging information was available in 53 (83%) patients. Of 53, 24 (45%) were ISS stage 3, 12 (23%) were ISS stage 2 and remaining stage 1. The mean total FCRI score in the study population was 27.95 (SD: 24.5). Moderate to high levels of FCR were seen in 40% (N = 26). Using PHQ-15, 54 (84%) patients had mild or lesser somatic symptom burden. Disease status of patients at the time of this study had a significant statistical association with PHQ-15 scores (mean score in partial response (PR) or more group 6.02 versus 8.00 in less than PR group, p = 0.02).
Conclusions Overall, FCR scores and somatic symptom severity were low among our patients with multiple myeloma. However, a significant proportion had moderate to high levels of FCR. Further studies involving larger numbers in a prospective manner required to confirm our findings of fear of cancer recurrence among patients with multiple myeloma.
A multi-chord, two-color interferometer using Hilbert transform phase detection for measuring electron density in spheromak plasmas
Authors: Hossack A. C. , Morgan K. D. , Hansen C. J. , Sutherland D. A. 
Published: September 2022

A new, four-chord, CO2/He–Ne heterodyne interferometer has been designed and built for measuring line-averaged plasma density in the HIT-SI3 and subsequent HIT-SIU sustained spheromak devices. The two-color system successfully eliminates vibration-induced errors caused by mirrors that are secured to the vacuum chamber and is able to resolve electron densities ne in the full operating range of 1018–1020 m−3 in both experiments with an integrated error of 4.7 × 1017 m−2. Data are presented from high toroidal current plasma discharges, showing the time evolution of electron densities ne and jϕ/ne along multiple chords.
Complicating solidarity
Authors: Theng Andre Joseph , Tse Vincent Wai Sum , Wu Jasper Zhao Zhen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Prior to the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic in Hong Kong, there had been an extended period of civic unrest which began as
opposition to an extradition bill but which later grew into a larger socio-political movement. We consider the relationship between ongoing
political sentiments and the Covid-19 pandemic as evident through public signs; particularly, how commercial signage aligns and disaligns
with government discourse on solidarity evident through recontextualization of the official tagline “Together, we fight the virus!” We
suggest three analytical categories: (1) signs which demonstrate an alignment stance with the institutional sense of solidarity; (2)
alignment with the pro-democracy movement, and thus disalignment from the institutional sense; and (3) politically ambiguous stances
appealing to a broad understanding of solidarity for commercial gain. The pandemic occurring at a politically sensitive time has caused and
made evident fractures in the way solidarity is construed, resulting in (dis)alignment and differing stances arising from the various social
actors who have emplaced signs.