bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined magnetic and electric field processing of polymer matrix composites for orthogonal control of hierarchical particle arrangements
Authors: Masud Md Abdulla Al , Papula Dashiell , Erol Anil , Edson Connor , Widdowson Denise , von Lockette Paris , Ounaies Zoubeida 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Properties of particulate-filled polymer matrix composites are highly dependent on the spatial position, orientation and assembly of the particles throughout the matrix. External fields such as electric and magnetic have been individually used to orient, position and assemble micro and nanoparticles in polymer solutions and their resulting material properties were investigated, but the combined effect of using more than one external field on the material properties has not been studied in detail. Applying different configurations of electric and magnetic fields on geometrically and magnetically anisotropic particulates can produce varying microarchitectures with a range of material properties. Experimentally and with simulations, we systematically probe the effect of combined electric and magnetic fields on the microstructure formation of geometrically and magnetically anisotropic barium hexaferrite (BHF) in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The magnetic and dielectric properties resulting from different microstructures are characterized and microstructure-property relationships are analyzed. Our results demonstrate that a variety of microarchitectures can be produced using multi-field processing depending on the nature of the applied external field. For example, the application of an electric field creates macro-chains where the orientation of the BHF stacks inside the macro-chains is random. On the other hand, application of a magnetic field rotates the BHF stacks within the macro-chain in the direction dictated by the magnetic field. In simulations, the dielectrophoretic, magnetic, and viscous forces and torques acting on the particles show that particle anisotropies are central to the ability to control orientation along the orthogonal magnetic and geometric axes, mirroring experimental results. The authors refer to the ability to manipulate particle orientation along orthogonal axes as ‘orthogonal control’. Using this technique, not only are a variety of microstructures possible, but also a range of dielectric and magnetic properties can result. For example, for 1 vol% BHF-PDMS composites, the experimental dielectric permittivity is found to vary from 2.84 to 5.12 and the squareness ratio (remnant magnetization over saturation magnetization) is found to vary from 0.55 to 0.92 (from 0.52 to 0.99 in simulations) depending on the applied external stimuli. The ability to predict and produce a variety of microstructures with a range of properties from a single material set will be particularly beneficial for resin pool based additive manufacturing and 3D printing.
Manufacturing and testing of AMaSED-2: a no-insulation high-temperature superconducting demonstrator coil for the space spectrometer ARCOS
Authors: Dam Magnus , Jerome Burger William , Carpentiero Rita , Chesta Enrico , Iuppa Roberto , Kirby Glyn , de Rijk Gijs , Rossi Lucio 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Astroparticle Research Compact Orbital Spectrometer (ARCOS) magnet is a 12-coil toroidal magnet for a proposed next-generation magnetic spectrometer in space. AMaSED-2 is a small-scale non-flight demonstrator coil for the ARCOS magnet. AMaSED-2 consists of two individually built no-insulation high-temperature superconducting pancake coils with racetrack-like shapes. The two pancake coils are contained in a total of

724

m

of

12

m
m

wide SuperPower REBCO HTS tape. Copper bands functioning as current leads and layer jump surround the winding blocks. An aluminum structure mechanically supports the coil assemblies. AMaSED-2 was manufactured and tested at CERN. The coil was tested in cryogenic helium gas at various temperatures between

10

K

and

77

K

by measuring the center magnetic flux density while varying the operating current. We employ a model for no-insulation coils and identify for each temperature the center magnet constant and magnet charging time constant as system parameters. We also determine the radial resistance, peak magnet constant, magnet critical current, and maximum achieved magnetic flux densities. Central magnetic flux densities up to

2.9

T

were measured, corresponding to a peak magnetic flux density on the coil of

9.7

T

. The design and characterization of AMaSED-2 provides a basis for future magnet development of a flight model.
Computational investigation to explore the effects of metals (Mg, Ca, Sr) doping on phase transition, electronic band structure and their repercussions on optical, elastic and mechanical properties of BaThO3
Authors: Gillani S S A , Awais M , Atif M , Zeba I , Shakil M , Ahmad Riaz 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The effect of metals (Mg, Ca, Sr) doping concentration on phase transition, electronic band structure, and their repercussions on the optical, elastic, and mechanical properties of BaThO3 is presented. At 1.40% doping of Mg, Ca, and Sr-atom, the structure of BaThO3 remains cubic. However, it changes from cubic to a pseudo-cubic tetragonal phase at doping concentrations of 4.22% and 7.04%. A systematic substantial shrinking of the band gap is observed in all cases of doping, and its nature remains direct on the G-symmetry point. The reduction in the band gap is explained by the total density of states (TDOS), partial density of states (PDOS), and elemental partial density of states (EPDOS) in the line of phase transformation. The optical response of a doped compound shows a red shift in the absorption edge, whereas the refractive index increases from 2.067–2.227 with Mg-doping and slightly decreases with Ca and Sr doping. For cubic and tetragonal symmetry, the computed elastic constants follow the mechanical stability criteria for each doping concentration, except at 7.04%Ca doping. Furthermore, the bulk modulus

(
B
)
,

shear modulus

(
G
)
,

Young’s modulus

(
E
)
,

Poisson’s ratio, and anisotropic factor

(
A
)

are estimated by utilizing elastic parameters. The

B
/
G

value is also determined to assess the ductile/brittle character of pure and doped compounds. Moreover, at 4.22%Ca, 7.04%Ca, and 4.22%Mg doping, non- homogeneity is observed due to negative stiffness and very high values of Poisson’s ratio. The modification in structural, electronic, optical, elastic, and mechanical properties with Ca, Mg, and Sr-doping would make them an appropriate candidate for better optimization in UV filters due to the existence of their absorption spectra in the UV region.
Calculation and analysis the dynamic breakdown characteristic of SF6 discharge caused by GIS disconnector operation
Authors: Huan Wang , Xixiu Wu , Xiaotong Feng , Chao Li , Xin Yang , Shipu Wu , Hui Hou , Hongbin Li 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In order to accurately calculate the very fast transient overvoltage(VFTO), it is very important and necessary to carry out the study on breakdown characteristic of SF6 gas discharge and get the expression of critical breakdown voltage during GIS disconnector operation. Therefore, a study of dynamic breakdown characteristic of SF6 discharge caused by GIS disconnector operation is conducted. For gas discharge modeling, considering the micro discharge process will lead to the problems of complex modeling and difficult solution. A new method which can avoid the problems of complex modeling and solution is proposed in this paper. Researches have revealed that there is a certain relationship between the critical electric field breakdown strength and the gas density. Thus, the solution of dielectric strength is transformed into the solution of gas density. Then a 3D multiple physical field coupling model of disconnector operation to solve the gas density is established. The dynamic meshing technology is applied to solve the problem of dynamic description contact moving. And then linear regression fitting method is used to obtain the expression of dynamic breakdown voltage of SF6 gas discharge. After checking the quality of fitting function by index F, P and R2, the SF6 gas breakdown voltage expression with the characteristic of dynamic variation under different operation conditions are obtained successfully.
Au-chains: harmonically confined intra-band plasmon on the verge of spin-polarization
Authors: Sharma Akariti 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Theoretical degeneracy interpretation of the single band near the Fermi level has been done along with the confinement engineering of electrons in Au-chains. Lifting of degeneracy leads to spin-asymmetry which is quantified by the spin-polarization factor. Counter effects have been investigated on intra-band plasmon. Degeneracy(non-degeneracy) and harder(softer) confinement causes a clear blue(red)-shift in plasmon energy. Results obtained are compared with experiments and it seems that plasmon in Au-chains can be understood from the competition between confinement and spin degree of freedom at maximum spin-polarization.
History-dependent attachment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to solid–liquid interfaces and the dependence of the bacterial surface density on the residence time distribution
Authors: Ritter A L , Chang Yow-Ren , Benmamoun Zachary , Ducker William A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study investigates how the recent history of bacteria affects their attachment to a solid–liquid interface. We compare the attachment from a flowing suspension of the bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, after one of two histories: (a) passage through a tube packed with glass beads or (b) passage through an empty tube. The glass beads were designed to increase the rate of bacterial interactions with solid–liquid surfaces prior to observation in a flow cell. Analysis of time-lapse microscopy of the bacteria in the flow cells shows that the residence time distribution and surface density of bacteria differ for these two histories. In particular, bacteria exiting the bead-filled tube, in contrast to those bacteria exiting the empty tube, are less likely to attach to the subsequent flow cell window and begin surface growth. In contrast, when we compared two histories defined by different lengths of tubing, there was no difference in either the mean residence time or the surface density. In order to provide a framework for understanding these results, we present a phenomenological model in which the rate of bacterial surface density growth,

d
N
(
t
)

/

d
t

, depends on two terms. One term models the initial attachment of bacteria to a surface, and is proportional to the nonprocessive cumulative residence time distribution for bacteria that attach and detach from the surface without cell division. The second term for the rate is proportional to the bacterial surface density and models surface cell division. The model is in surprisingly good agreement with the data even though the surface growth process is a complex interplay between attachment/detachment at the solid–liquid interface and cell division on the surface.
Research on the Fiducial Fibre Coding and Identification Algorithm of the LAMOST Fibre Positioning System
Authors: Duan Shipeng , Liang Jiadong , Cai Zeyu , Liu Zhigang , Hu Hongzhuan , Wang Jianping , Chu Jiaru , Cui Xiangqun , Zhang Yong , Zhang Haotong , Zhou Zengxiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To obtain the world coordinates of a measured object in camera measurement, a certain number of image control points should be established around the detected object as fiducial points for data processing. The precision of a fiducial point directly determines the measurement accuracy of the measured object in the camera measurement. Fiducial points in camera measurement are widely used in various fields of measurement, such as aerial surveys, close-range surveys, and 3D reconstruction. In addition, a fiducial point generally adopts an encoding structure to reduce the search cost in the detection. Camera measurement is used in the LAMOST fiber positioning system, which also requires fiducial points to ensure the accuracy of fiber positioning. Different from a general fiducial point, the whole system needs to operate under dark conditions during LAMOST observation, and optical fiber positioning is carried out by the “backlighting method”, which measures the optical fiber spot under a dark background. In addition, fiber positioning needs to reach an accuracy of 40 μm at a distance of 20 m, which is difficult to achieve with the fiducial points used in general vision measurements. To meet the requirements of LAMOST optical fiber positioning with high accuracy, this paper presents a fiducial fiber and its recognition algorithm for optical fiber positioning of optical fiber spectroscopic telescopes. The fiducial fiber can be applied to a wide-field optical fiber spectroscopic telescope measurement system in a high-precision long-distance measurement environment. The experimental results show that fiducial fiber can ensure the accuracy of closed-loop positioning for LAMOST fiber units.
Towards a Smart Bionic Eye: AI-powered artificial vision for the treatment of incurable blindness
Authors: Beyeler Michael , Sanchez-Garcia Melani 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. How can we return a functional form of sight to people who are living with incurable blindness? Despite recent advances in the development of visual neuroprostheses, the quality of current prosthetic vision is still rudimentary and does not differ much across different device technologies. Approach. Rather than aiming to represent the visual scene as naturally as possible, a Smart Bionic Eye could provide visual augmentations through the means of artificial intelligence-based scene understanding, tailored to specific real-world tasks that are known to affect the quality of life of people who are blind, such as face recognition, outdoor navigation, and self-care. Main results. Complementary to existing research aiming to restore natural vision, we propose a patient-centered approach to incorporate deep learning-based visual augmentations into the next generation of devices. Significance. The ability of a visual prosthesis to support everyday tasks might make the difference between abandoned technology and a widely adopted next-generation neuroprosthetic device.
Tensor factorization approach for ERP-based assessment of schizotypy in a novel auditory oddball task on perceived family stress
Authors: Zandbagleh Ahmad , Mirzakuchaki Sattar , Daliri Mohammad Reza , Premkumar Preethi , Carretié Luis , Sanei Saeid 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. Schizotypy, a potential phenotype for schizophrenia, is a personality trait that depicts psychosis-like signs in the normal range of psychosis continuum. Family communication may affect the social functioning of people with schizotypy. Greater family stress, such as irritability, criticism and less praise, is perceived at a higher level of schizotypy. This study aims to determine the differences between people with high and low levels of schizotypy using electroencephalography (EEG) during criticism, praise and neutral comments. EEGs were recorded from 29 participants in the general community who varied from low schizotypy to high schizotypy (HS) during a novel emotional auditory oddball task. Approach. We consider the difference in event-related potential parameters, namely the amplitude and latency of P300 subcomponents (P3a and P3b), between pairs of target words (standard, positive, negative and neutral). A model based on tensor factorization is then proposed to detect these components from the EEG using the CANDECOMP/PARAFAC decomposition technique. Finally, we employ the mutual information estimation method to select influential features for classification. Main results. The highest classification accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 93.1%, 94.73%, and 90% are obtained via leave-one-out cross validation. Significance. This is the first attempt to investigate the identification of individuals with psychometrically-defined HS from brain responses that are specifically associated with perceiving family stress and schizotypy. By measuring these brain responses to social stress, we achieve the goal of improving the accuracy in detection of early episodes of psychosis.
First search for magnetic monopoles through the Schwinger mechanism
Authors: Mitsou Vasiliki A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Magnetic monopoles are hypothetical fundamental particles predicted in several theories beyond the standard model, however they have never been experimentally detected. The Schwinger mechanism predicts that an extremely strong magnetic field would produce isolated magnetic charges, if they exist. Looking for the existence of magnetic monopoles via the Schwinger mechanism had not been attempted before, but it is advantageous, owing to the possibility of calculating its rate through semi-classical techniques without perturbation theory. This paper focuses on the first search for magnetic monopoles produced by the Schwinger mechanism in heavy-ion collisions. It was carried out by the MoEDAL experiment, whose trapping detectors were exposed to 0.235 nb−1 of Pb-Pb collisions with 5.02 TeV energy per collision at the LHC, that provided the strongest known magnetic fields in the universe. A superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer scanned these detectors for the presence of magnetic charge. Magnetic monopoles with 1, 2 and 3 Dirac charges and masses up to 75 GeV were excluded by the analysis. This analysis, which has been published in the journal Nature, provided a lower mass limit for finite-size magnetic monopoles from a collider search and greatly extended previous mass bounds.
The CMS Trigger System
Authors: Dordevic Milos 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The CMS experiment at CERN uses a two-stage triggering system composed of the Level-1 (L1), instrumented with custom-designed hardware boards with an output rate of 100 kHz, and the High Level Trigger (HLT), streamlined version of the offline software reconstruction that runs on the computing farm, allowing to store around 1.5 kHz of rate. New trigger algorithms and new features, as well as optimized trigger menus at both L1 and HLT are mandatory in order to be able to successfully record the events at higher data loads due to increasing luminosity and pileup at the LHC in Run 3. Many measurements and searches will profit from the updates implemented in the CMS trigger. The highlights of Run 2 CMS trigger results will be presented, together with the improvements for Run 3.
Development of a muon tomography application with Micromegas detectors
Authors: Amperiadou D , Petridou C , Sampsonidis D , Tzamarias S , Kordas K , Lampoudis C , Leisos A , Tsirigotis A , Tsiafis Ch 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The application of muon tomography method in small scale, for the imaging of a five-centimeter side lead cube, is being examined in the present work. The representation of the object is being achieved by using the transmission muography technique, in which the “free-sky” muon flux is compared to the muon flux measured within the acceptance of the detector. This comparison yields information about the absorption of the muons as they pass through the object under investigation. Also, a projective reconstruction method called “Back Projection” is tested by being applied on the data, providing information about the location of the object and its dimensions. This project has been carried out within the frame of EKATY programme, which aims to the innovative imaging of the subsurface of archaeological sites and the interior of structural elements of monuments in three and four dimensions.
Measurement of the Higgs quartic coupling c
2
v from di-Higgs Vector Boson Fusion in the

bb¯τ+τ−

channel
Authors: Paraskevopoulos Christos 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Brout Englert Higgs (BEH) mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking and mass generation was experimentally confirmed after the discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider in 2012. The BEH mechanism not only predicts the existence of a massive scalar particle, but also requires this scalar particle to couple to itself. Double Higgs production provides a unique handle, since it allows the extraction of the trilinear Higgs self-coupling. VBF di-Higgs production also probes the quartic Higgs bosons to vector bosons coupling (c
2
v). In this topic the effort on setting constraints on c
2
v will be discussed. Event selection and reconstruction will be illustrated as well as a Neural Network designed to identify VBF events.
The New Small Wheel High Voltage Infrastructure
Authors: Drivas-Koulouris I. , Karentzos Efstathios 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The ATLAS Muon Spectrometer is subjected to a series of upgrades in order to face the High Luminosity era of Phase-II. One of the main projects is the New Small Wheel (NSW), which has replaced the existing Small Wheel (SW), and is a perfect complement to the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer (MS) in the Endcap regions. The NSW is the combination of two prototype detector technologies, the small Thin Gap Chambers (sTGC) and the resistive Micromegas (MM). In order to operate smoothly the two technologies, a dedicated hardware infrastructure has been installed and modified accordingly based on the needs of each muon sub-system. In order to control and monitor the hardware for both technologies a Detector Control System (DCS) has been developed, following the architecture of the legacy Muon sub-systems. Aim of this work is the presentation of the development and implementation of these HV DCS systems under the Point 1 schema.
Spectral and directional sensitive composition characterization of mixed-radiation fields with the miniaturized radiation camera MiniPIX Timepix2
Authors: Granja C. , Jakubek J. , Soukup P. , Jakubek M. , Turecek D. , Marek L. , Polansky S. , Gajewski J. , Rucinski A. , Stasica P. , Rydygier M. , Novak A. , Poklop D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The semiconductor pixel detector Timepix2 is operated with highly integrated readout electronics as a miniaturized and portable MiniPIX TPX2 radiation camera for radiation imaging and spectral-sensitive particle tracking in wide field-of-view. The device provides room-temperature operation, ease of use (single USB 2.0 port), online response with single track visualization, fast frame readout (up to 60 fps) and double per-pixel response for detailed measurements with per-pixel energy and counting or energy and timing sensitivity. We evaluate the response and applicability of a MiniPIX TPX2 camera with the Timepix2 ASIC chip equipped with a 300 µm thick silicon sensor for wide-range composition and spectral characterization of mixed-radiation fields. Measurements were performed in high-energy proton radiotherapy environments with protons of selected energies in the range 225–70 MeV and water-equivalent targets of varying configuration (size, dimension, geometry). High-resolution pattern recognition and spectral-tracking analysis of the single particle tracks in the pixelated detector enable to resolve and classify all detected signals according particle species, direction and energy loss. Based on the experimental calibrations performed with well-defined radiation fields together with quantum imaging visualization of single particle tracks, ten broad-range particle-event classes are resolved. Mixed-radiation fields are thus analyzed according particle-event types in wide range of deposited energy, linear-energy-transfer LET, particle fluxes and dose rates. The spatial distribution over the detector sensor matrix of the distinguished groups can be visualized as well as the directional mapping of energetic charged particles.