bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Update on treatment as prevention of HIV illness, death, and transmission: sub-Saharan Africa HIV financing and progress towards the 95–95–95 target
Authors: Gupta Somya , Granich Reuben , Williams Brian G. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose of review
After over 40 years, the HIV pandemic is amongst the deadliest in history – 100% fatal without treatment, HIV has infected over 84 million people, and has caused over 40 million deaths. Global HIV spending between 2000 and 2015 totaled over a half trillion dollars. Delays in harnessing scientific advances, including ‘test and treat’ and treatment as prevention of illness, death, and transmission (TasP) provide a cautionary tale applicable to other pandemics. Resource allocation has also been problematic with many highest burden countries spending less than 50% on care and treatment.

Recent findings
Between 2002 and 2021, over $94 billion was budgeted for HIV in 40 sub-Saharan African countries, with 19 countries over $1 billion. In 2021, 8.1 million (32%) People Living with HIV (PLHIV) are still not on treatment; viral suppression data, the most important programme success indicator, is unavailable for 50% of countries. Of 19 countries with at least one billion dollars budgeted, seven have below 80% ART coverage, leaving 3.5 million (29%) of PLHIV off treatment and vulnerable to illness, death, and transmitting the virus to partners and children.

Summary
With additional funding and improved efficiency, achieving the 95–95–95 target to diagnose 95% of all HIV-positive individuals, provide antiretroviral therapy (ART) for 95% of those diagnosed and achieve viral suppression for 95% of those treated by 2030 is feasible and the humane pathway towards ending the HIV pandemic.
Septic cardiomyopathy: characteristics, evaluation, and mechanism
Authors: Xue Wanlin , Pang Jiaojiao , Liu Jiao , Wang Hao , Guo Haipeng , Chen Yuguo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Sepsis is a common clinical disease; if there is no early active treatment, it is likely to develop into multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and even cause death. Septic cardiomyopathy is a complication of sepsis-related cardiovascular failure, characterized by reversible left ventricular dilatation and decreased ventricular systolic and/or diastolic function. At present, echocardiography and biomarkers are often used to screen septic cardiomyopathy in clinics. Although there is still a lack of clear diagnostic criteria for septic cardiomyopathy, according to existing studies, the pathogenesis of several septic cardiomyopathy has been clarified, such as immune response caused by infection and mitochondrial dysfunction. This review summarizes the characteristics, pathophysiology, and diagnosis of septic cardiomyopathy and focuses on the mechanisms of infection immunity and mitochondrial dysfunction.
End-to-side Anastomosis on Digital Arteries: Just a Technical Choice or a Real Benefit?
Authors: Troisi Luigi , Tedone Clemente Erica , Susca Valentina , Vizcay Macarena , Zanchetta Francesco , Stucchi Sara , Pajardi Giorgio Eugenio 
Published: September 2022

Background:
High-quality evidence is currently poor regarding the benefits of end-to-end (ETE) or end-to-side (ETS) anastomosis in arterial and venous anastomoses, despite being postulated as a potential influence on outcomes. A sufficient microvascular anastomosis is indispensable for the success of any free tissue transfer. ETS microvascular anastomoses have been becoming increasingly important as they allow reconstruction even in patients with impaired vascular status. To the authors’ knowledge, no studies have examined the choice of ETE or ETS anastomoses specifically for digital arteries.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective study of ETE and ETS anastomosis cases; the only inclusion criteria was that digital arteries (proper, common) were the recipient vessels.

Results:
Fifty-seven cases met the inclusion criteria. All the venous anastomoses were ETE. Of these cases, four total intraoperative complications (immediate thrombosis) and only one case of complete failure were registered. The ETE group consisted of 49 patients and the ETS group of eight patients. A comparison of the mean ischemia time in the two groups showed no statistically significant difference (P = 0.121).

Conclusions:
We observed no difference in the reconstructive outcomes of hand free-flaps and reconstruction between ETE or ETS digital arteries anastomoses. The successful microsurgical reconstruction was independent of anastomotic technique. In particular, the results of our study demonstrated no statistically significant increase of the ischemia time; thus, no prolongation of operative time can be attributed to the higher technical challenge of the anastomosis.
Obesity-Related High-Output Heart Failure
Authors: Cintron Samantha A. , Shen Qiuhua , Mahoney Diane , Sardiu Mihaela E. , Hiebert John B. , Pierce Janet 
Published: September 2022

Background
High-output heart failure (HF) is a type of HF characterized by signs and symptoms of HF and a cardiac output of 8 L/min or greater or a cardiac index greater than 3.9 L/min/m2. High-output HF occurs secondary to an underlying condition that requires high cardiac output due to an increase in oxygen consumption or decreased systemic vascular resistance. Obesity is a major cause of high-output HF, yet there is limited research on obesity-related high-output HF. Thus, the pathophysiologic mechanisms of this syndrome are not fully understood.

Objective
The objectives of this integrative review were to describe the current state of the research regarding obesity-related high-output HF and to recommend direction for future research.

Methods
We conducted an integrative review focusing on the peer-reviewed literature on patients with obesity-related high-output HF using Whittemore and Knafl's methodology. MEDLINE, CINAHL, and EMBASE electronic databases were searched for all publications indexed in the databases as of March 9, 2022. A narrative synthesis of definitions and symptoms, obesity as an underlying condition, pathophysiology, and treatments of obesity-related high-output HF was completed.

Results
A total of 6 articles were included in the integrative review, with 1 nonexperimental, retrospective study and 5 literature reviews. Understanding of obesity-related high-output HF is very limited because of scant empirical evidence in the existing literature. Possible pathophysiologic mechanisms include increased pressure in the upper airways, adipokine dysregulation, increased metabolic activity, and insulin resistance.

Conclusion
Additional research is needed on the pathophysiologic mechanisms of obesity-related high-output HF to begin investigations on therapeutic interventions to improve health outcomes.
The Association Between Vitamin D Levels and the 10-Year Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Zhou Ying , Jiang Ming , Sun Jin-Yu , Cheng Chen , Shen Hui , Sun Wei , Kong Xiang-Qing 
Published: September 2022

Background
The association between vitamin D levels and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk remains unclear. In this study, the association between serum 25(OH)D and 10-year ASCVD risk was examined in a national sample of middle-aged and older adults.

Methods
Cross-sectional data from the 2009–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. The Pooled Cohort Equations were used to estimate the risk of a first ASCVD event in 10 years. An adjusted multiple linear regression model was used to investigate the association between serum 25(OH)D and ASCVD risk. In addition, we performed sensitivity analysis and interactive analysis to assess the robustness of associations across different subgroups.

Results
A total of 3354 participants were included in this study. The linear regression model indicated that the risk of ASCVD decreased with the increase in serum 25(OH)D. When analyzed as a continuous variable, serum 25(OH)D was significantly associated with the estimated 10-year risk of ASCVD. In the fully adjusted model, each 10-nmol/L increase in serum 25(OH)D reduced the estimated 10-year ASCVD risk by 0.172% (P < .001). Individuals in the moderate, insufficient, and sufficient vitamin D deficiency groups had a 0.449% (P = .362), 0.957% (P = .046), 1.475% (P = .003) decrease in ASCVD risk, respectively, when a severe vitamin D deficiency group was set as a reference in the fully adjusted model.

Conclusion
Our data suggest a negative association between vitamin D levels and the predicted 10-year risk of ASCVD. Further studies are required to investigate whether vitamin D supplements could reduce the risk of ASCVD.
Sleep Quality and Fatigue in Construction Workers
Authors: Barrios Araya Silvia C. , Masalan Apip Maria Patricia , Ferrada Calvo Ximena V. , Campos-Romero Solange C. , Molina Muñoz Yerko P. 
Published: September 2022

Background
In Chile, there is no specific information how affect the quality of sleep and fatigue to the construction workers.

Objective
To present the results of a cognitive behavioral intervention in construction workers aimed at reducing fatigue through improvement in sleep quality.

Methodology
Pragmatic non-randomized clinical trial with follow-up. Sample of 180 workers from a construction company, organized in a control group and the intervention group belonging to five construction projects.

Conclusion
Long-term effects are reflected in the third measurement of the Epworth scores, in the presence of fatigue. Those workers who received the cognitive behavioral intervention reduced their levels of sleepiness and fatigue.
A multidisciplinary approach is required to study not only fatigue and sleep, but also other relevant aspects of health, since impact on accident rates, days lost from work, and quality of life.
The efficacy of mindfulness-based intervention for heart diseases: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Kang Qingxia , Luo Aihua 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
The efficacy of mindfulness-based intervention for heart diseases remains controversial. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the impact of mindfulness-based intervention on heart diseases.

Methods:
We have search PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases through August 2020 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of mindfulness-based intervention versus usual care on heart diseases. This meta-analysis is performed using the random-effect model.

Results:
Five RCTs involving 458 patients are included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with control group for heart diseases, mindfulness-based intervention is associated with significantly increased 6 minute walking test [mean difference (MD) = 14.74; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 2.50–26.97; P = .02], decreased heart rate (MD = −2.54; 95% CI = −4.76 to −0.31; P = .03) and stress score (MD = −2.31; 95% CI = −4.23 to −0.38; P = .02), but shows no obvious impact on anxiety score (MD = −3.48; 95% CI = −7.98 to 1.03; P = .13) or respiratory rate (MD = −0.42; 95% CI = −1.31 to 0.46; P = .35).

Conclusions:
Mindfulness-based intervention can provide additional benefits to heart diseases.
Pneumonia and de novo atrial fibrillation in a patient with myotonic dystrophy type 1: A case report
Authors: Londoño-Tobón Luisa , García Cesar Augusto Ortiz 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 is a rare genetic disorder that mainly affects the musculoskeletal system; However, it may cause several complications in other body systems representing challenges for health care providers.

Patient concerns:
We present the case of a patient with a history of previously diagnosed type 1 myotonic dystrophy who presented to the emergency department with cough dyspnea, and thoracic pain.

Diagnosis:
Differential diagnoses included pulmonary embolism with a moderate probability according to the Wells score, acute coronary syndrome, acute heart failure, and pneumonia. Diagnostic workup involved chest radiography, EKG, and a CTPA which revealed pneumonia, posteriorly the patient presented de novo atrial fibrillation.

Interventions:
The patient was successfully treated with empiric antibiotic therapy and amiodarone, respiratory and physical therapy.

Outcomes:
The patient was discharged on day 34, however oxygen weaning was not possible.

Conclusion:
Treatment of MD1 patients is challenging due to the various mechanisms of the disease; patients with new-onset deterioration should be screened for the most common complications such as cardio-respiratory events.
The authors suggest pneumonia as a risk factor for basal respiratory function deterioration and a contributing factor for triggering cardiac events for further research in prospective studies.
Avellis syndrome with ipsilateral prosopalgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and central post-stroke pain: A case report and literature review
Authors: He Sijin , Chen Qigang , Jing Zhicong , Gu Lihua , Luo Kaixuan 
Published: September 2022

Rationale:
Avellis syndrome is a rare bulbar syndrome. The main lesions may involve nucleus ambiguus and the lateral spinothalamic tract. The typical reported clinical manifestations are hoarseness, dysphagia, pain, and temperature disturbance of contralateral body. The manifestations, however, may vary. We aim to report new manifestations of Avellis syndrome in this report.

Patient concerns:
A 47-year-old Chinese peasant woman who felt sudden dizziness, nausea when she was doing the laundry was referred to our department from other hospital. She vomited the stomach contents once and complained numbness of the left trunk and limbs as well as coughing while drinking. The patient presented with palatopharyngeal paralysis, Horner syndrome, and diminished pain as well as temperature sensation in the contralateral face, trunk, and limbs. She also presented with ipsilateral prosopalgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and central poststroke pain.

Diagnoses:
T2-weighted MRI images demonstrated a high-signal intensity lesion in the right medulla oblongata which indicated a banded infarction site. The patient was diagnosed with medulla oblongata infarction, Avellis syndrome, Horner syndrome, dysphagia, hemiparesthesia, ipsilateral prosopalgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and central poststroke pain.

Interventions:
The patient was administrated aspirin to prevent the aggregation of platelet and rosuvastatin tablets to regulate lipids as well as to stabilize vascular plaque. She was injected with butylphthalide sodium chloride to improve nerve nutritional status and carbamazepine was prescribed to deal with prosopalgia and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. Gabapentin and pregabalin were administrated to deal with the central poststroke pain.

Outcomes:
The symptoms of prosopalgia as well as glossopharyngeal neuralgia were gone, and dizziness, dysphagia, and Horner syndrome were significantly alleviated when she was discharged from the hospital while the interventions showed little effect on central poststroke pain.

Lessons:
We reported a case of Avellis syndrome who manifested as the typical reported manifestations. The patient, what’s more, presented with ipsilateral trigeminal, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and central poststroke pain which were described for the first time. It is of great significance for clinicians to recognize the typical as well as other manifestations which helps to make a clear diagnosis.
Impact of the HIV infection in Hodgkin lymphoma individuals: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis
Authors: Fagundes Raissa Bila Cabral , Delgado de Mederios Leno Goes , Barros de Souza Amaxsell Thiago , Oliveira da Silva Maria Isabel , Moreira Matheus Jose Barbosa , Villarrim Carolina Colaço , Araújo-Filho Irami , Medeiros Kleyton Santos 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder that occurs in about 10% of all cancer cases. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with an increased occurrence of a wide range of cancers, including HL due to progressive immunosuppression and co-infection with oncogenic viruses. However, the aim of this systematic review is to obtain evidence about the impact of the HIV infection in HL individuals.

Methods:
We will obtain studies through PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, LILACS, CENTRAL, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases. The inclusion criteria will be observational studies (sectional, cohort, and case-control) that describe the impact of the HIV infection in HL individuals. Outcomes of interest include mortality, prevalence, causes of hospitalization, time between HIV diagnosis and HL diagnosis in days, comorbidities (systemic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, others), T CD4 + cells/mm3 at HIV diagnosis and at HL diagnosis, viral load (log10 copies/mL) at HL diagnosis, and history of treatment abandon. Two reviewers, independently, will extract the data from each included study. Meta-analysis will then be carried out using fixed-effects or random-effects model, using the mean difference for continuous outcomes and the relative risk for dichotomous outcomes. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. The quality of evidence for each outcome will be assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology. Review Manager V.5.3.5 will be used for synthesis and subgroup analysis. To assess heterogeneity, we will compute the I
2 statistics. Additionally, a quantitative synthesis will be performed if the included studies are sufficiently homogenous.

Ethics and dissemination:
This study will be a review of the published data, and thus it is not necessary to obtain ethical approval. The findings of this systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42021289520
The efficacy and safety of Codonopsis lanceolata water extract for sarcopenia: A study protocol for randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Park Jaehyeon , Kim Hyungsuk , Choung Se-Young , Jeon Yong Jae , Jeon Hyo Jin , Jun Youn Sang , Choi Yong , Cho Hong-Seok , Kang Junhyuk , Seo Yeonho , Kim Koh-Woon , Song Mi-Yeon 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
This study aimed to propose a protocol to demonstrate the efficacy of Codonopsis lanceolata water extract for the improvement of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and function (muscle strength or performance function) and its safety compared to a placebo in adults with reduced muscle strength.

Methods and analysis:
A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted. Participants will be recruited from the Korean Medicine Hospital in South Korea. One hundred and four adults with reduced muscle strength will be randomly assigned a 1:1 ratio to either the experimental or placebo comparator groups. The participants will consume the product corresponding to their assigned group for the following 12 weeks, and efficacy and safety tests will be conducted. This is the first clinical trial of C lanceolata water extract in adults with reduced muscle strength. The results of this study would provide a clinical basis for the efficacy and safety of C lanceolata water extract in patients with sarcopenia.

Ethics and dissemination:
This trial was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital at Gangdong on July 15, 2021 (amendment number: MLB_DDE_H01 [ver. 01]). When a change was made in the clinical trial plan, the IRB reviewed and approved the revised clinical trial plan. The study was registered on the Clinical Research Information Service website on December 3, 2021 (registration number: PRE20211203-003; https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do?seq=20841&status=1&seq_group=20841&search_page=M). The results of this clinical trial will be reported in the future. Every document related to the clinical trial, such as the electronic case report form, will be recorded and classified by the subject identification code and not by the subject name.
Prediction of the gait function using the nigrostriatal and corticoreticulospinal tracts of the affected hemisphere in a cerebral infarct: A diffusion tensor imaging study
Authors: Jang Sung Ho , Yeo Sang Seok , Cho Min Jye 
Published: September 2022

Prognosis predictability of the nigrostriatal tract (NST) and corticoreticulospinal tract (CRT) of affected hemisphere at early stage for gait function at chronic stage were investigated using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) in patients with a cerebral infarction.
Thirty consecutive patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory infarction were recruited. Functional ambulation category (FAC) was used to evaluate the gait function at chronic stage. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and tract volume (TV) of ipsilesional NST and ipsilesional CRT were determined to be DTT parameters at early stage.
FAC score at chronic stage showed strong positive correlations with TVs of ipsilesional NST and ipsilesional CRT at early stage (ipsilesional NST R = 0.786; ipsilesional CRT R = 0.821; P < .05). According to regression model, FAC score at chronic stage was positively related to TVs of ipsilesional NST and ipsilesional CRT at early stage (Adjusted R
2 = 0.700, F = 34.905, P < .05). FAC score at chronic stage was associated more positively with TV of ipsilesional CRT (β = 0.532) than that of ipsilesional NST (β = 0.362).
Ipsilesional NST and ipsilesional CRT at early stage had prognosis predictability for gait function at chronic stage in patients with an MCA infarction. Moreover, ipsilesional CRT had stronger predictability than ipsilesional NST.
The clinical prognostic value of long noncoding RNA HAND2-AS1 in cancer patients: A study based on meta-analysis and TCGA data (PRISMA)
Authors: Yan Zhaoyang , Lu Juntao , Xu Xinjian , You Yang , Xu Jinsheng , Xu Tongxin 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 antisense RNA 1 (HAND2-AS1) is a novel long noncoding RNA aberrantly expressed in human malignancies. We aimed to analyze the available data to evaluate the clinical prognostic significance of HAND2-AS1 in tumors.

Methods:
In this meta-analysis, electronic databases, including PubMed Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Medline, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang, were searched from their inception up to December 1, 2021. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to assess the relationship of HAND2-AS1expression level with prognosis and clinicopathological features in cancer patients. The publication bias was identified by Begg’s test, and the sensitivity analysis was also performed.

Results:
A total of 10 articles with 615 patients were included in the present meta-analysis. The combined results revealed that low expression of HAND2-AS1 was associated with poor overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.36–0.64, P < .001) in a variety of cancers. In addition, the decrease in HAND2-AS1 expression was also correlated with poor differentiation (OR = 4.36, 95% CI: 2.15–8.87, P < .001) and lymph node metastasis (OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.13–0.54, P < .001). The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) dataset further demonstrated that low expression of HAND2-AS1 was associated with poor OS and disease-free survival.

Conclusions:
Our results of this meta-analysis indicated that HAND2-AS1 may be a prognostic marker and even a therapeutic target for human cancer.