bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Locusts and grasshoppers: nutritional value, harvesting and rearing for animal feed, and other applications
Authors: Makkar Harinder , Heuzé Valérie , Tran Gilles 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Locusts may cause massive destruction of crops and pastures and adversely affect livelihoods and food security of farmers and pastoralists. Like other insects, locusts and grasshoppers are rich in protein (50–65% in dry matter) and their essential amino acid composition is good. In the diets of poultry, pigs and fish, replacement of up to 25% of the conventional protein-rich feed resources such as soymeal and fishmeal is possible with these insects. The main constraint in their use as animal feed is the presence of insecticides, sprayed for controlling outbreaks. Insecticide-free locusts and grasshoppers must only be used as a feed. Locusts and grasshoppers rearing techniques have not been upscaled and hence their mass rearing for use as animal feed is not possible currently; however, several harvesting approaches are available, which have been discussed. These approaches could be adapted for mass harvesting of locusts and grasshoppers for use as animal feed. The opportunity of using these field-harvested insects has been ignored so far by various agencies. An integrated approach that strategically uses insecticides and employs mass harvesting techniques must be considered to control these pests and to use them as animal feed and human food. The insecticide-sprayed locusts and grasshoppers could be composted for use as a fertilizer. Other industrial uses of locusts and grasshoppers are also presented. The information contained in this paper would enhance knowledge of government and non-government agencies on the use of locusts and grasshoppers (not sprayed with pesticide) as animal feed and safe human food.
Assessing the sustainability of silvopasture systems
Authors: Shi Xinyuan , Conway-Anderson Ashley 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs the negative effects of conventional agricultural practices on ecosystems intensify, discourse is turning to more sustainable production systems. Silvopasture, an agroecological practice involving the integration of trees, forage, and livestock, has been proposed as one option to enhance agroecological and community resiliency in the face of climate change. Considerable research has been published on silvopasture systems but attempts to summarize the ecological, productive, and social trade-offs of these systems in review format are few or limited to one dimension of sustainability. In order to fill this gap, a systematic review was carried out, and 267 peer-reviewed publications on silvopasture and other integrated pastoral systems were compiled. Although definitions of sustainability vary, the findings from those publications are summarized according to the three broadest categories: environmental impacts, economics and performance, and social implications for the longevity of these systems. We hope that the information presented in this article will deepen the discourse around silvopasture sustainability, highlight gaps in our understanding, and call attention to endangered traditional silvopasture systems across the globe.
Theoretical study of Cr2X3S3 (X = Br, I) monolayers for thermoelectric and spin caloritronics properties
Authors: Rana Ajay Partap Singh , Bera Chandan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
High curie temperature 2D materials are important for the progress of the field of spin caloritronics. The spin Seebeck effect and conventional thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) can give a great insight into how these 2D magnetic materials will perform in spin caloritronics applications. Here in this paper, we have systematically studied 2D Janus monolayers based on CrX3 monolayers. We obtain a ZT of 0.31 and 0.21 for the Cr2Br3S3 and Cr2I3S3 Janus monolayers. The spin Seebeck coefficient obtained at room temperature is also very high (∼1570 μVK−1 in the hole-doped region and ∼1590 μ VK−1 in the electron-doped region). The thermal conductivity of these monolayers (∼22 Wm−1 K−1 for Cr2Br3S3 and ∼16 Wm−1 K−1 for Cr2I3S3) are also very similar to other 2D semiconductor transition metals chalcogenides. These findings suggest a high potential for these monolayers in the spin caloritronics field.
Effect of off-axis bending on microstructural and transport properties of coated conductor tape
Authors: Ries R , Gömöry F , Mošať M , Kujovič T , Hintze C , Gil P 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this work, the changes in the microstructural and DC transport properties of coated conductor tape, deformed in helical form during the manufacturing of a round cable, were studied. The superconducting layer experienced both outward (‘OUT’) and inward (‘IN’) bending with respect to the round core (rod) at various lay angles and former diameters. The microstructure of a rare-earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) surface was observed using a scanning electron microscope. Direct transport measurements in liquid nitrogen were used to investigate the influence of the bending parameters on the DC transport properties. In the OUT configuration, cracks on the REBCO surface were formed at a diameter of 9 mm or less at a lay angle of 45°. The critical current of the tape started to degrade at a diameter of 10 mm or less. The investigation showed that cracks are formed in the direction following the rod axis. In the IN configuration, the measurements were performed at lay angles of 25°, 30°, 38°, 45°, 52° and 60°. The highest critical current retention and the lowest degree of damage on the REBCO layer were observed at a lay angle of 30°; in particular, the critical current visibly degraded at diameters as small as 3 mm, and defects were visibly observed at diameters of 2 mm. At lay angles higherthan 30°, the critical current degraded sooner (at higher diameters), and an increased density of defects in the form of ‘protrusion lines’ was observed. We found that the protrusion lines followed the preferential cleavage direction at approximately 80° to the tape length, independently of the lay angle used. By using a lay angle lower than 30°, the critical current degraded sooner; no protrusion lines were observed, but cracks were formed at the tape edges. For both bending configurations, the lower former diameters led to a higher density of defects on the REBCO surfaces accompanied by the degradation of superconducting properties.
Investigating emission characteristics and plasma properties in a long-pulse magnetically insulated coaxial diode with different cathode materials
Authors: Zhu Danni , Cui Yancheng , Meng Jin , Yuan Yuzhang , Wang Haitao , Han Jiangfeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMagnetically insulated coaxial diodes are widely used in O-type high power microwave device for intensive annular electron beam generation. This study reports on a series of electrical and optical measurements on a long-pulse magnetically insulated coaxial diodes in which the emission characteristics and the plasma properties were observed. The impact of cathode material, blade angle, diode voltage and guiding magnetic field on the emission characteristics and the plasma properties of six types of annular cathodes were studied. Two configurations of these cathodes have been used, one with a sharp edge for aluminum, bronze, graphite, stainless-steel, silicon-aluminum alloy and another metal–dielectric. The impressing diode performance was achieved with the metal-dielectric cathode characterized on the excellent emission characteristics and plasma properties. Moreover, high voltage and small blade angle are beneficial to the emission capability and emission uniformity. For the cathode with smaller blade angle, its axial plasma expansion velocity is smaller during the pulse plateau. The strong magnetic field or the large diode voltage is confirmed to reduce the axial and radial expansion velocities.
Investigation of structural, morphological, electric modulus, AC conductivity characteristics, and validation of software-based simulated impedance/material parameters of bicomponent Co-Al doped Ba-Sr ferrites
Authors: Aherrao Disha Sunil , Singh Charanjeet , Mathe V L , Maji Pradip K , Srivastava A K 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this report, Co2+ and Al3+ doped M-type Ba-Sr hexagonal ferrite has been synthesized using sol-gel method. The crystal structure and grain morphology have been examined by x-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). The optical band gap of the prepared compositions was determined by ultra violet visible spectroscopy (UV–vis). The dielectric, impedance, electric modulus, and conductivity characteristics have been investigated by an impedance analyzer at room temperature. The structural parameters confirmed the formation of an M-type hexagonal crystal structure along with traces of spinel and magnetite phase. The doping Co2+/Al3+ manifests the contraction of the unit cell accompanied by a reduction in lattice constants at a large doping level. The grain morphology revealed a change in grain shape with doping and the formation of needle-shaped as well as hexagonal-shaped grains. The study of the dielectric spectrum exhibited a doping-dependent decrease in dielectric constant and an increase in loss tangent. The electric modulus spectra confirmed the non-Debye type behavior of the material and conductivity relaxation was exhibited in conjunction with different relaxation times. Both relaxation time and ac conductivity decreased with an increase in doping content. The simulated complex impedance curves using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) software are in agreement with the measured impedance values of prepared compositions. The observed trend in calculated grain and grain boundary parameters is in agreement with the grain/grain boundary distribution depicted in micrographs.
The chemical states and electronic states of layered carbide superconductor ThMo2Si2C
Authors: Tian Qingyin , Wang Cao , Wang Xin , Du Xiangmin , Duan Qingchen , Tan Shugang , Liu Shaohua , Xu Chenhang , Hu Jiayuan , Lu Qi , Liu Shasha , Jing Qiang , Li Ping , Qian Dong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Understanding the chemical states and electronic states of superconducting materials can help researchers to grasp their superconducting mechanisms. Then, through doping, high pressure or other methods, the T
c
(Critical Temperature) can be boosted. Recently, a new layered carbide superconductor ThMo2Si2C was discovered. Its chemical states and electronic states are unknown. Here, the chemical states of ThMo2Si2C are investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy assisted with argon ion sputtering and Raman spectroscopy. The physical significance behind them is elucidated. Its electronic states are investigated by first-principles calculations. It is found that the major contribution to the total DOS (Density of States) is from Mo 4d state, which plays the dominant role in the superconductivity of ThMo2Si2C. The hybridization between Th 6d and Mo 4d is very weak. Thus, a separation of the structure into independent Mo-C-Si and Th subunits (layers) is justified from the point of view of electronic structure. A flat band along the A-M high-symmetry direction is observed near the Fermi level. The influence of the interlayer distance between Mo-C-Si units (layers) on the DOS and band structure is investigated by first-principles calculations too.
Tuning the structure and transport properties of complex plasmas using electric field
Authors: Shakoori Muhammad Asif , He Maogang , Shahzad Aamir , Khan Misbah 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this work, we explored the effects of uniaxial (M

z
) and biaxial (M

xy
) ac electric fields on the structure and transport properties of complex (dusty) plasmas (CDPs) using molecular dynamics simulations. Structures are analyzed using two diagnostic methods, one is lattice correlation function ψ(τ) and the second is radial distribution function g(r) under the influence of M

z
and M

xy
, respectively. The Green–Kubo (G-K) method has been used to compute the shear viscosity (η

xy
) in the M

xy
ac electric field. The diffusive behavior of dust particles is investigated using G-K and Einstein methods in M

z
. In the limits of the varying electric field, these properties of CDPs are accounted for an appropriate range of plasma Coulomb coupling (Γ) and constant Debye screening strength (κ = 0.50) parameters with different system sizes. The simulation outcomes of ψ(τ) and g(r) indicate that the phase transition phenomena occur in CDPs with the variations of M

z
, M

xy
and Γ. The η

xy
and diffusion coefficients significantly increase with increasing parallel electric fields. The subdiffusion motion for short-time behavior and superdiffusion motion for long-time behavior is observed in the presence of moderate to strong electric field strengths. It is revealed that the phase transition and changes in the transports properties of CDPs significantly depend on the strength of the external electric field and plasma parameter (Γ). Novel regimes are observed where CDPs quickly respond to the external electric field. Simulation results are outstanding in the combined effects of Yukawa and anisotropic wake potential on CDPs structural and transport properties. Simulation results demonstrate that the CDPs have electrorheological characteristics. Due to these unique properties, electrorheological CDPs may be used as a platform to study the electrorheological aspects of soft matter. There is a possibility that CDPs will be used as electrorheological material in the near future.
APERO: A PipelinE to Reduce Observations—Demonstration with SPIRou
Authors: Cook Neil James , Artigau Étienne , Doyon René , Hobson Melissa , Martioli Eder , Bouchy François , Moutou Claire , Carmona Andres , Usher Chris , Fouqué Pascal , Arnold Luc , Delfosse Xavier , Boisse Isabelle , Cadieux Charles , Vandal Thomas , Donati Jean-François , Deslières Ariane 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
With the maturation of near-infrared high-resolution spectroscopy, especially when used for precision radial velocity, data reduction has faced unprecedented challenges in terms of how one goes from raw data to calibrated, extracted, and corrected data with required precisions of thousandths of a pixel. Here we present A PipelinE to Reduce Observations (apero), specifically focused on Spectro Polarimètre Infra ROUge (SPIRou), the near-infrared spectropolarimeter on the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (SPectropolarimètre InfraROUge, CFHT). In this paper, we give an overview of apero and detail the reduction procedure for SPIRou. apero delivers telluric-corrected 2D and 1D spectra as well as polarimetry products. apero enables precise stable radial velocity measurements on the sky (via the LBL algorithm), which is good to at least ∼2 m s−1 over the current 5 yr lifetime of SPIRou.
Fabrication and Performance of Lobster Eye X-Ray Micro Pore Optics with the Ultra-high Aspect Ratio
Authors: Li Longhui , Zhang Yingjun , Ouyang Mingzhao , Wang Jian , Zhang Zhen , Zhang Chen , Ling Zhixing , Fang Jinyong , Fu Yuegang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Since the idea of bionic Lobster eye micropore optics was put forward, the possibility of focusing hard X-rays by this new lightweight X-ray optics has been proposed. Limited by the technological conditions of the aspect ratio (≥500), low surface roughness (≤1 nm) and the difficulty of applying metal coatings inside such narrow square channels, the high quality of these new optics have not been realized. This work demonstrates the test results for an Ultra-high aspect ratio (500:1) of iridium-coated with microchannel plate technology and atomic layer deposition technology. The sidewalls of the square channel are smoothed with a special acid-base treatment and the Root-Mean-Square of the inner wall was 0.52 ± 0.1 nm in 3 μm × 3 μm scale roughness, such that they work well as X-ray mirrors. The thickness of the metal iridium film layer was 19 nm. At the working voltage of 2 kV, the current was 0.1 mA and the angular resolution of the slumped chip in horizontal and vertical directions was 3.′9 and 4.′2, respectively. The simulation results were in good agreement with the X-ray test results.
Unsupervised Galaxy Morphological Visual Representation with Deep Contrastive Learning
Authors: Wei Shoulin , Li Yadi , Lu Wei , Li Nan , Liang Bo , Dai Wei , Zhang Zhijian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Galaxy morphology reflects structural properties that contribute to the understanding of the formation and evolution of galaxies. Deep convolutional networks have proven to be very successful in learning hidden features that allow for unprecedented performance in the morphological classification of galaxies. Such networks mostly follow the supervised learning paradigm, which requires sufficient labeled data for training. However, the labeling of a million galaxies is an expensive and complicated process, particularly for forthcoming survey projects. In this paper, we present an approach, based on contrastive learning, with aim of learning galaxy morphological visual representation using only unlabeled data. Considering the properties of low semantic information and contour dominated of galaxy images, the feature extraction layer of the proposed method incorporates vision transformers and a convolutional network to provide rich semantic representation via the fusion of multi-hierarchy features. We train and test our method on three classifications of data sets from Galaxy Zoo 2 and SDSS-DR17, and four classifications from Galaxy Zoo DECaLS. The testing accuracy achieves 94.7%, 96.5% and 89.9%, respectively. The experiment of cross validation demonstrates our model possesses transfer and generalization ability when applied to new data sets. The code that reveals our proposed method and pretrained models are publicly available and can be easily adapted to new surveys.
6

6

https://github.com/kustcn/galaxy_contrastive
Reverse auction protocol based on quantum teleportation
Authors: Li Li-Bo , Chen Fa-Xi , Zhao Kan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Reverse auction is a revolutionary procurement technology, widely used in enterprises and governments, which can increase purchasing transparency and reduce purchasing costs. In this paper, we combine reverse auction with quantum theory and propose a novel protocol that guarantees security by adopting quantum teleportation, quantum key distribution and so on. This protocol also has the properties of anonymity of supplier, verifiability, disavowal impossibility and traceability, properties that ensure the fairness of transactions. The analysis results show that the protocol is simple, high performing and reliable. We hope that it will be applied in real life.
The Innovative FEL design by the CompactLight Collaboration
Authors: Gazis N , Bignami A , Trachanas E , Alexopoulos T , Telali I , Apostolopoulos T , Pramatari K , Karagiannaki A , Kotsopoulos D , Gazis E , Bandekas D V 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The innovative FEL design by the CompactLight Collaboration is briefly presented. The major contribution of our team, mainly from Greece cooperating with the team of ESS-ERIC, is emphasised to the material selection of the proper photocathode illuminated with the relevant laser, the magnet and solenoid design of the injector for optimum beam conditions, the 3D CAD model design of the baseline FEL facility including the machine, the tunnel, the beam dump and the experimental hall. Additionally, the exploitation assets of the project with the transfer technology are presented.
Sterile neutrino from D-brane models
Authors: Kokorelis Christos 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We discuss the appearance of sterile neutrino in D-brane models. In the simplest case, the sterile neutrino (SN) appears from a 5-stack intersecting D6-brane model with a gauged baryon number. SM is mixed with a single generation of left handed active neutrinos and a right handed neutrino.
Integration and commissioning of the ATLAS Tile Demonstrator Module for Run 3
Authors: Tlou H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The electronics of the Tile Calorimeter at the ATLAS experiment will be replaced for the HL-LHC. The TileCal Phase-II upgrade project has undertaken an extensive R&D program. A Demonstrator module containing the upgraded on-detector readout electronics was built in 2014, evaluated in seven test beam campaigns, and inserted into one of the Tile Calorimeter modules at the ATLAS experiment in 2019. The module also provides backward compatibility of the Demonstrator module with the present ATLAS systems. We present the current status and test results from the Demonstrator module currently running at ATLAS.
First demonstration of on-chip interpolation using a single photon counting microstrip detector
Authors: Bergamaschi A. , Andrä M. , Barten R. , Baruffaldi F. , Brückner M. , Carulla M. , Chiriotti S. , Dinapoli R. , Fröjdh E. , Greiffenberg D. , Hasanaj S. , Heymes J. , Hinger V. , Kozlowski P. , Cuenca C.L. , Mezza D. , Mozzanica A. , Moustakas K. , Ruder C. , Schmitt B. , Thattil D. , Zhang J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Despite being used in many X-ray applications, hybrid single photon counting detectors are limited in spatial resolution due to the diffusion of the charge produced by single photons between neighboring electronic channels, also called charge sharing. In this work, we demonstrate that on-chip interpolation can be used to improve the effective spatial resolution in a single photon counting detector without increasing the number and density of interconnects between the sensor and the readout electronics. We describe a digital communication scheme between neighboring channels exploiting charge sharing to obtain a spatial resolution better than the channel pitch, which has been implemented for the first time in the MYTHEN III microstrip detector. The interpolation is achieved directly on-chip at the time the photons are absorbed, limiting the data throughput and the computational effort and allowing a higher photon flux compared to interpolation using analog detectors. Here we show the first results obtained with this interpolation mechanism, characterizing the spatial resolution in terms of modulation transfer function. The spatial resolution of the 50 μm pitch MYTHEN III microstrip detector can be improved from the 20 lp/mm given by the physical strip pitch to an average resolution of approximately 30 lp/mm using the interpolation method.