bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial Systems Theoretic Metamodel of Verification Artifacts
Authors: Wach Paul , Beling Peter , Salado Alejandro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe last decade has seen an increase in calls for theoretical foundations of systems engineering (SE) along with a transformation to a model‐based and digital paradigm. This transformation is expected to facilitate improved verification. In fact, the literature suggests that the increased complexity of modern engineered systems is challenging the feasibility of traditional verification methods and requires new methods to cope with the change. Furthermore, a review of the SE literature suggests limited focus on verification research. Our research leverages systems theory to characterize the relationships between the verification artifacts. Specifically, we use systems theoretic morphisms to characterize the equivalence preservation between system requirements and verification requirements as well as between a system design and verification models. Although in initial form as provided in this article, our metamodel of verification artifacts is expected to contribute to the theoretical foundations of SE.
Genesis – an Architectural Pattern for Federated PLM
Authors: Herzog Erik , Tingström Johan , Larsson Åsa Nordling 
Published: September 2022

AbstractProduct Lifecycle Management (PLM) is a key capability for any organization developing and/or maintaining complex systems. This paper presents a modular architectural pattern for realizing a federated PLM capability from integrating multiple engineering discipline specific development environments. This open the possibility for replacement of individual environments, while maintaining the overall development system landscape. Thus, providing a desired flexibility in adapting to future organizational challenges at comparatively low cost.
Completing the spectrum of semiframes with block size three
Authors: Cao H. , Xu D. , Zheng H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA ‐semiframe of type is a ‐GDD of type , in which the collection of blocks can be written as a disjoint union , where is partitioned into parallel classes of and is partitioned into holey parallel classes, each holey parallel class being a partition of for some . In this paper, we will introduce a new concept of ‐perfect semiframe and use it to prove the existence of a 3‐semiframe of type with even group size. This completes the proof of the existence of 3‐semiframes with uniform group size.
High levels of thyroid hormones promote recurrence of Graves' disease via overexpression of B‐cell‐activating factor
Authors: Liu Shu , Miao Jing‐Jing , Zhou Xiao , Sun Qi , Mao Xiao‐Ming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundElevated thyroid hormone (TH) levels have been suggested to be associated with the pathological progression of Graves' disease (GD). However, direct evidence from clinical studies remains unclear.MethodsPeripheral blood samples were collected from patients with or without the recurrence of Graves' hyperthyroidism (GH) and healthy donors. Thyroid tissue samples were obtained from patients with benign thyroid nodules. To assess the differentiation of autoreactive B cells, the expression of B‐cell‐activating factor (BAFF) and the proportion of CD11c+/–IgG+/− subsets of B cells stimulated by high levels of triiodothyronine (T3) in vivo and in vitro were examined by ELISA, flow cytometry, western blotting, and qRT‐PCR.ResultsSerum BAFF levels in patients with GD were significantly and positively correlated with FT3, FT4, and TRAb levels. Furthermore, the ratio of abnormally differentiated CD11c+ autoreactive B cells positively correlated with BAFF and TRAb. High levels of triiodothyronine (T3) induced BAFF overexpression in thyroid follicular cells and mononuclear cells of the normal thyroid in vitro, thereby promoting the differentiation of CD11c+IgG+ autoreactive secretory B cells (ASCs). However, the precise knockdown of BAFF expression significantly inhibited the abnormal differentiation of ASCs.ConclusionThe pathological progression of GD was prolonged and exacerbated by autoimmune positive feedback modulation caused by high TH levels. BAFF could be considered a potential target for localized thyroid immunosuppressive treatment of Graves' hyperthyroidism recurrence.
Biohydrogen production from food waste and waste activated sludge in codigestion: influence of organic loading rate and changes in microbial community
Authors: Moreno‐Andrade Iván , Berrocal‐Bravo María José , Valdez‐Vazquez Idania 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDFood waste (FW) and waste activated sludge (WAS) are complementary substrates that improve H2 production by dark fermentation. However, there is little experience in the process performance in the long‐term operation of reactors co‐processing FW–WAS. This study aims to determine the optimal FW–WAS ratio in batch H2 production and then feed this FW–WAS ratio to an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) to evaluate the influence of three organic loading rates (OLR) – 15, 22 and 45 g volatile solids (VS) L−1 d−1 – on H2 performance and microbial composition.RESULTSBatch tests showed that the FW–WAS ratio of 90–10 increased 22% of the H2 production compared to the individual FW. In the SBR operation, the OLR significantly influenced H2 performance, reaching the highest productivity of 733 ± 282 mL H2 L−1 d−1 at an OLR of 22 g VS L−1 d−1. The cooperative lactic acid cross‐feeding between Olsenella and Megasphaera resulted in the highest H2 productivity at an OLR of 22 g VS L−1 d−1. OLR promoted the prevalence of different taxa of hydrolytic bacteria, where Enterococcus and Veillonella were positively correlated, with the highest substrate hydrolysis of 50% at an OLR of 15 g VS L−1 d−1. Prevotella, a genus with a wide spectrum of hydrolytic enzymes, was predominant in the SBR operation regardless of the OLR.CONCLUSIONThe SBR operation at OLR of 22 g VS L−1 d−1 improved H2 production by applying a 90–10 FW–WAS ratio. The change in OLR promoted different taxa of hydrolytic species in the SBR; however, Prevotella spp. prevailed at the three OLRs. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Assessing the concept of control points for dissolved reactive phosphorus losses in subsurface drainage
Authors: Alves de Oliveira Luciano , Muñoz Ventura Ariana , Preza‐Fontes Giovani , Greer Kristin D. , Pittelkow Cameron M. , Bhattarai Rabin , Christianson Reid , Christianson Laura 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAgricultural phosphorus (P) loss, which is highly variable in space and time, has been studied using the hot spot/hot moment concept, but increasing the rigor of these assessments through a relatively newer “ecosystem control point” framework may help better target management practices that provide a disproportionate water quality benefit. Sixteen relatively large (0.85 ha) subsurface drainage plots in Illinois were used as individual observational units to assess dissolved reactive P (DRP) concentrations and losses within a given field over four study years. Three plot‐months were identified as DRP control points (one export and two transport control points), where each plot‐month contributed >10% of the annual DRP load from the field. These control points occurred on separate plots and in both the growing and nongrowing seasons but were likely related to agronomic P applications. Elevated soil test P, especially near a historic farmstead, and soil clay content were spatial drivers of P loss across the field. The nongrowing season was hypothesized to be the most significant period of P loss, but this was only documented in two of the four study years. A cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop did not significantly reduce DRP loss in any year, but there was also no evidence of increased drainage P losses due to freezing and thawing of the cover crop biomass. This work confirmed annual subsurface drainage DRP losses were agronomically small (<3% of P application rate), although the range of DRP concentrations relative to eutrophication criteria still demonstrated a potential for negative environmental impact. The control point concept may provide a new lens to view drainage DRP losses, but this framework should be refined through additional within‐field studies because mechanisms of P export at this field were more nuanced than just the presence of tile drainage (i.e., a transport control point).
Three‐dimensional printer use in the Australian and New Zealand radiation therapy setting
Authors: Albantow Christine E , Brown Savannah J 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis cross‐sectional survey aimed to collect data from radiation therapy departments around Australia and New Zealand to establish a baseline of 3D printer and product use.MethodsEach department in Australia and New Zealand was contacted to determine the most appropriate person to answer the survey. A Microsoft Forms link to the survey was sent to the individual. The survey contained 47 questions in relation to what 3D printing device departments had (if any), how it was being utilised, and what 3D printed products were in use.ResultsA total of 112 departments completed the survey (100% response rate), with 22.3% reporting 3D printer ownership, and thirty‐four departments (30.4%) outsourcing 3D printed products. The primary use of 3D printers was bolus production (60.9%). Public departments represented 84% of printer ownership, while private departments were the greatest users of outsourced 3D printed products (91.4%). 3D Slicer was the most common software used for Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) file conversion (42.3%), while polylactic acid (PLA) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) were the most common filaments in use, 46% and 14%, respectively.ConclusionThis research established a baseline for 3D printer and product use within the Australian and New Zealand radiotherapy setting.
Building Australia's first mass spectrometer: Recognising the achievements of J. Roger Bird
Authors: Downard Kevin M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFollowing the birth of the field of mass spectrometry at the end of World War I, it was several decades before the first commercial mass spectrometers became available. In the interim, many physicists interested in the nature of matter, and their application to studies in nuclear physics, constructed their own. A young physics postgraduate student, John Roger Bird, was the first to do so in Australia. This article describes his efforts and achievements, featuring technical blueprints, photographs of the instruments and early data, in long overdue recognition of Bird's work at the University of Melbourne.
Pan‐coronavirus fusion inhibitors to combat COVID‐19 and other emerging coronavirus infectious diseases
Authors: Lan Qiaoshuai , Wang Lijue , Jiao Fanke , Lu Lu , Xia Shuai , Jiang Shibo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), the causative agent of the currently ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, has posed a serious threat to global public health. Recently, several SARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern (VOCs) have emerged and caused numerous cases of reinfection in convalescent COVID‐19 patients, as well as breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals. This calls for the development of broad‐spectrum antiviral drugs to combat SARS‐CoV‐2 and its VOCs. Pan‐coronavirus fusion inhibitors, targeting the conserved heptad repeat 1 (HR1) in spike protein S2 subunit, can broadly and potently inhibit infection of SARS‐CoV‐2 and its variants, as well as other human coronaviruses. In this review, we summarized the most recent development of pan‐coronavirus fusion inhibitors, such as EK1, EK1C4, and EKL1C, and highlighted their potential application in combating current COVID‐19 infection and reinfection, as well as future emerging coronavirus infectious diseases.
Antithrombotic therapy after angioplasty of pulmonary vein stenosis due to atrial fibrillation ablation: A two‐center experience and review of the literature
Authors: Fink Thomas , Vogler Julia , Proietti Riccardo , Sciacca Vanessa , Heeger Christian‐Hendrik , Rottner Laura , Maurer Tilman , Metzner Andreas , Mathew Shibu , Eitel Charlotte , Eitel Ingo , Sohns Christian , Sano Makoto , Reissmann Bruno , Rillig Andreas , Ouyang Feifan , Kuck Karl‐Heinz , Tilz Roland Richard 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is a severe complication of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation resulting in narrowing of affected pulmonary veins (PVs). Interventional treatment consists of angioplasty with or without PV stenting. The optimal postprocedural antithrombotic therapy is not known.Study aimsTo investigate the impact of antithrombotic medical therapy on recurrence of PVS after PV angioplasty.MethodsA retrospective study of patients undergoing PV angioplasty with or without stent implantation in two German centers was performed. Postinterventional antithrombotic therapy consisted of either dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) or a combination of oral anticoagulation with single or dual antiplatelet therapy for 3–12 months after intervention. Angiographic follow‐up was recommended 3, 6, and 12 months after intervention and in case of symptom recurrence.ResultsThirty patients underwent treatment of 42 PVS. After intervention, twenty‐eight patients received triple therapy and 14 patients received dual therapy/DAPT; restenosis occurred in 5/22 (22.7%) patients with triple therapy and 8/14 (57.1%) patients with dual therapy/DAPT PV (p = .001). Estimated freedom from PV restenosis after 500 days was 18.8 ± 15.8% (dual therapy/DAPT) and 76.2 ± 10.5% (triple therapy) (p = .003). Univariate regression analysis revealed postprocedural medication as a significant risk factor for restenosis (p = .019). No bleeding events occurred regardless of applied antithrombotic therapy.ConclusionTriple antithrombotic therapy after PV angioplasty is associated with less frequent restenosis as compared to dual antiplatelet therapy or a combination of anticoagulation and single antiplatelet therapy. No severe bleeding events occurred in patients on triple therapy. These findings need to be confirmed in larger patient cohorts.
Interconnection between the Indian and the East Asian summer monsoon: Spatial synchronization patterns of extreme rainfall events
Authors: Gupta Shraddha , Su Zhen , Boers Niklas , Kurths Jürgen , Marwan Norbert , Pappenberger Florian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between the two components of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM)—the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) and the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM)—is crucial to improve the subseasonal forecasting of extreme precipitation events. Using an innovative complex network‐based approach, we identify two dominant synchronization pathways between ISM and EASM—a southern mode between the Arabian Sea and southeastern China occurring in June, and a northern mode between the core ISM zone and northern China which peaks in July—and their associated large‐scale atmospheric circulation patterns. Furthermore, we discover that certain phases of the Madden–Julian oscillation and the lower frequency mode of the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) seem to favour the overall synchronization of extreme rainfall events between ISM and EASM while the higher‐frequency mode of the BSISO is likely to support the shifting between the modes of ISM–EASM connection.
Non‐destructive determination of grass pea and pea flour adulteration in chickpea flour using near‐infrared reflectance spectroscopy and chemometrics
Authors: Bala Manju , Sethi Swati , Sharma Sanjula , Mridula D , Kaur Gurpreet 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn order to obtain more economic gains, some food products are adulterated with low‐cost substances, if they are toxic, they may pose public health risks. This has called forth the development of quick and non‐destructive methods for detection of adulterants in food. Near‐infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) has become a promising tool to detect adulteration in various commodities. We have developed rapid NIRS based analytical methods for quantification of two cheap adulterants (grass pea and pea flour) in a popular Indian food material, chickpea flour.ResultsThe NIRS spectra of pure chickpea, pure grass pea, pure pea flour and adulterated samples of chickpea flour with grass pea and pea flour (1–90%) (w/w) were acquired and preprocessed. Calibration models were built based on modified partial least squares regression (MPLSR), partial least squares (PLS), principal component regression (PCR) methods. Based on lowest values of standard error of calibration (SEC) and standard error of cross‐validation (SECV), MPLSR‐NIRS models were selected. These models exhibited coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.999, 0.999, SEC of 0.905, 0.827 and SECV of 1.473, 1.491 for grass pea and pea, respectively. External validation revealed R2 and standard error of prediction (SEP) of 0.999 and 1.184, 0.997 and 1.893 for grass pea and pea flour, respectively.ConclusionThe statistics confirmed that our MPLSR‐NIRS based methods are quite robust and applicable to detect grass pea and pea flour adulterants in chickpea flour samples and have potential for use in detecting food fraud. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
The new IASLC grading system for invasive non‐mucinous lung adenocarcinoma is a more useful indicator of patient survival compared with previous grading systems
Authors: Yanagawa Naoki , Sugai Mayu , Shikanai Shunsuke , Sugimoto Ryo , Osakabe Mitsumasa , Uesugi Noriyuki , Saito Hajime , Maemondo Makoto , Sugai Tamotsu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) Pathology Committee recently proposed a new histological grading system for invasive lung adenocarcinoma (ADC). This study evaluated the usefulness of this grading system.MethodsA total of 395 patients with ADC were examined. ADCs were reclassified based on comprehensive histological subtyping according to the IASLC grading system. We evaluated the following histological grading systems for invasive ADC: the architectural (Arch), Sica's grading, and IASLC grading systems. Multivariate analyses of overall and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) based on these three grading systems were performed using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsMultivariate analysis showed that all three grading systems were useful for predicting the outcomes of patients at all stages. However, the IASLC grading system was superior to the Arch and Sica's grading systems in differentiating grade 3 from grade 1 ADCs in terms of both overall survivals (IASLC vs. Arch vs. Sica's grading systems: hazard ratio [HR] = 3.77 vs. 3.03 vs. 2.63) and RFS (HR = 4.25 vs. 2.69 vs. 2.4).ConclusionThe newly proposed IASLC grading system was useful for predicting patient outcomes and was superior to the other grading systems in detecting high‐grade malignancy.
Simultaneous determination of 31 endocrine disrupting chemicals in fish plasma by solid‐phase extraction coupled with ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhou Hui‐Min , Bao Yi‐Fan , Huang Wen‐Ping , Yin Da‐Qiang , Hu Xia‐Lin 
Published: September 2022

Solid phase extraction combined with ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the simultaneous determination of 31 endocrine‐disrupting chemicals in fish plasma. The strong anion exchange/primary‐secondary amine cartridge and the mixed cation exchange cartridge were used in tandem instead of using a single mixed cation exchange cartridge for sample purification. Suitable eluents were selected for each of the two cartridges: 4.5% ammonia/acetonitrile solution for cartridges in tandem and acetone:n‐hexane (V:V = 3:7) for the strong anion exchange/primary‐secondary amine cartridge alone. With this optimized Solid phase extraction method, the recoveries of 31 endocrine disrupting chemicals were between 43.0% and 131.3%, the method detection limits were 0.45 to 1.35 ng/ml, and the limits of quantitation were 1.50–4.50 ng/ml. The innovative pretreatment method that connects two cartridges in tandem is well positioned to mitigate the matrix effects of fish plasma, thereby improving the accuracy of multiclass endocrine‐disrupting chemicals determination. The significance of this method is to facilitate the application of the fish plasma model for the environmental risk assessment of endocrine‐disrupting chemicals.
Robust ocean color from drones: Viewing geometry, sky reflection removal, uncertainty analysis, and a survey of the Gulf Stream front
Authors: Gray Patrick Clifton , Windle Anna E. , Dale Julian , Savelyev Ivan B. , Johnson Zackary I. , Silsbe Greg M. , Larsen Gregory D. , Johnston David W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAccurate and robust retrieval of ocean color from remote sensing enables critical observations of aquatic natural systems, from open ocean biological oceanography, coastal biodiversity, and water quality for human health. In the last decade, studies have increasingly highlighted the important role of small‐scale processes in coastal and marine ecology and biogeochemistry, but observation and modeling at these scales remains technologically limited. Unoccupied aircraft systems (UAS, aka drones) can rapidly sample large areas with high spatial and temporal resolution; but the challenge of accurately retrieving ocean color, particularly with common wide field‐of‐view multispectral imagers, has limited the adoption of this technology. As UAS endurance, autonomy, and sensor capabilities continue to increase, so does this technology's potential to observe the ocean at fine scales, but only if proper protocols are followed. The present study provides a guide for achieving (1) ideal viewing geometry of UAS‐borne ocean color sensors, (2) techniques for the removal of sun glint and reflected skylight to derive water‐leaving radiances, (3) characterization of uncertainty in these measurements, and (4) converting water‐leaving radiances to remote‐sensing reflectance for analytic end products such as chlorophyll a estimates. Documented open‐source code facilitates replication of this emerging technique. Using this methodology, we briefly describing fine‐scale variability of the Gulf Stream front off North Carolina alongside synoptic satellite data and in situ measurements for comparison. These results demonstrate how UAS‐based ocean color measurements complement and enhance conventional ocean observations and modeling to resolve fine‐scale variability and close the lacuna between satellite and in situ methods.
A novel self‐packaged DBBPF with multiple TZs for 5G sub‐6 GHz applications
Authors: Zhang Hao , Ma Kaixue , Zhang Wenwen , Yan Ningning 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this article, we proposed a self‐packaged dual‐band bandpass filter (DBBPF) with high isolation and low insertion loss (IL) for 5G sub‐6 GHz applications. To get high stopband suppression, multiple and controllable transmission zeros (TZs) are introduced. A pair of quarter‐wavelength stepped‐impedance resonators (QSIRs) and half‐wavelength hairpin resonators (HWHR) are introduced to form a cross‐coupled five‐star topology to generate two passbands and multiple TZs analyzed by mixed electromagnetic couplings. A pair of U‐shape resonators are designed on G6 to fully excite the resonators and introduce source/load TZs at the same time. The generation of TZs by separate electric and magnetic coupling paths (SEMCP) is discussed. The DBBPF achieves a low IL of 0.85/1.13 dB with fractional bandwidths (FBW) of 11.0%/6.9% at center frequencies of 3.45 and 4.9 GHz for 5G sub‐6 GHz applications, respectively. The total size is only 0.32 λg ×  0.45 λg.