bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling Crevicular Fluid Flow and Host‐Oral Microbiome Interactions in a Gingival Crevice‐on‐Chip
Authors: Makkar Hardik , Zhou Ying , Tan Kai Soo , Lim Chwee Teck , Sriram Gopu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGingival crevice and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) flow play a crucial role at the gingiva‐oral microbiome interface which contributes toward maintaining the balance between gingival health and periodontal disease. Interstitial flow of GCF strongly impacts the host‐microbiome interactions and tissue responses. However, currently available in vitro preclinical models largely disregard the dynamic nature of gingival crevicular microenvironment, thus limiting the progress in the development of periodontal therapeutics. Here, a proof‐of‐principle “gingival crevice‐on‐chip” microfluidic platform to culture gingival connective tissue equivalent (CTE) under dynamic interstitial fluid flow mimicking the GCF is described. On‐chip co‐culture using oral symbiont (Streptococcus oralis) shows the potential to recapitulate microbial colonization, formation of biofilm‐like structures at the tissue‐microbiome interface, long‐term co‐culture, and bacterial clearance secondary to simulated GCF (s‐GCF) flow. Further, on‐chip exposure of the gingival CTEs to the toll‐like receptor‐2 (TLR‐2) agonist or periodontal pathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum demonstrates the potential to mimic early gingival inflammation. In contrast to direct exposure, the induction of s‐GCF flow toward the bacterial front attenuates the secretion of inflammatory mediators demonstrating the protective effect of GCF flow. This proposed in vitro platform offers the potential to study complex host‐microbe interactions in periodontal disease and the development of periodontal therapeutics under near‐microphysiological conditions.
A Template Editing Strategy to Create Interlayer‐Confined Active Species for Efficient and Durable Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Liu Depei , Yan Yuandong , Li Hu , Liu Duanduan , Yang Yandong , Li Taozhu , Du Yu , Yan Shicheng , Yu Tao , Zhou Wei , Cui Peixin , Zou Zhigang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSubstantial overpotentials and insufficient and unstable active sites of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts limit their efficiency and stability in OER‐related energy conversion and storage technologies. Here, a template editing strategy is proposed to graft highly active catalytic species onto highly conductive rigid frameworks to tackle this challenge. As a successful attempt, two types of NiO6 units of layered Ni BDC (BDC stands for 1,4‐benzenedicarboxylic acid) metal organic frameworks are selectively edited by chemical etching‐assisted electroxidation to create layered γ‐NiOOH with intercalated Ni–O species. In such an interlayer‐confined intercalated architecture, the large interlayer space with high ion permeability offers an ideal reaction region to sufficiently expose the OER active sites comprising high‐density intercalated Ni–O species, which also suppresses the undesirable γ to β phase transformation, thus exhibiting efficient and durable OER activity. As a result, water oxidation can occur at an extremely low overpotential of 130 mV and affords 1000 h stability at 100 mA cm−2. The strategy conceptually shows the possibility of achieving stable homogeneous‐like catalysis in heterogeneous catalysis.
BODIPY as a Multifunctional Theranostic Reagent in Biomedicine: Self‐Assembly, Properties, and Applications
Authors: Cheng Hong‐Bo , Cao Xiaoqiao , Zhang Shuchun , Zhang Keyue , Cheng Yang , Wang Jiaqi , Zhao Jing , Zhou Liming , Liang Xing‐Jie , Yoon Juyoung 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe use of boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) in biomedicine is reviewed. To open, its synthesis and regulatory strategies are summarized, and inspiring cutting‐edge work in post‐functionalization strategies is highlighted. A brief overview of assembly model of BODIPY is then provided: BODIPY is introduced as a promising building block for the formation of single‐ and multicomponent self‐assembled systems, including nanostructures suitable for aqueous environments, thereby showing the great development potential of supramolecular assembly in biomedicine applications. The frontier progress of BODIPY in biomedical application is thereafter described, supported by examples of the frontiers of biomedical applications of BODIPY‐containing smart materials: it mainly involves the application of materials based on BODIPY building blocks and their assemblies in fluorescence bioimaging, photoacoustic imaging, disease treatment including photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and immunotherapy. Lastly, not only the current status of the BODIPY family in the biomedical field but also the challenges worth considering are summarized. At the same time, insights into the future development prospects of biomedically applicable BODIPY are provided.
Low‐Coordinated Mo Clusters for High‐Efficiency Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production
Authors: Jin Mengmeng , Liu Shuai , Meng Ge , Zhang Shusheng , Liu Qian , Luo Jun , Liu Xijun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElectrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) to generate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) via a 2e− pathway offers a green alternative to the energy‐extensive anthraquinone process; however, the challenge lies in the development of low cost and effective 2e− ORR catalysts. In this work, a highly selective and stable Mo clusters supported by nitrogen‐doped carbon polyhedrons catalyst for direct H2O2 electrosynthesis are first designed, which shows a high H2O2 selectivity (>77%) in the applied potential range varying from 0.2 to 0.65 V vs RHE, and an excellent mass activity of 29.0 A gcat.−1 (at 0.65 V) with negligible activity decay over 10 000 cycles in an alkaline medium. Moreover, the catalyst displays a yield rate of 136.2 ± 1.5 ppm cm−2 h−1 at −20 mA cm−2 in a continuous flow cell with neutral electrolyte. Taken together, the obtained performance metrics are comparable to the best‐reported ORR results. Density‐functional theory analyses reveal that Mo clusters can donor electrons to activate O2 molecules and strengthen the *OOH binding on Mo sites as well, thus inducing a high H2O2 selectivity. The present work provides a unique insight into the atomic introduction of metal clusters‐based materials for 2e− ORR to H2O2 powered by renewable energy.
High‐Performance Monolayer MoS2 Field‐Effect Transistors on Cyclic Olefin Copolymer‐Passivated SiO2 Gate Dielectric
Authors: Kalkan Sirri Batuhan , Najafidehaghani Emad , Gan Ziyang , Drewniok Jan , Lichtenegger Michael F. , Hübner Uwe , Urban Alexander S. , George Antony , Turchanin Andrey , Nickel Bert 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTrap states of the semiconductor/gate dielectric interface give rise to a pronounced subthreshold behavior in field‐effect transistors (FETs) diminishing and masking intrinsic properties of 2D materials. To reduce the well‐known detrimental effect of SiO2 surface traps, this work spin‐coated an ultrathin (≈5 nm) cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) layer onto the oxide and this hydrophobic layer acts as a surface passivator. The chemical resistance of COC allows to fabricate monolayer MoS2 FETs on SiO2 by standard cleanroom processes. This way, the interface trap density is lowered and stabilized almost fivefold, to around 5 × 1011 cm−2 eV−1, which enables low‐voltage FETs even on 300 nm thick SiO2. In addition to this superior electrical performance, the photoresponsivity of the MoS2 devices on passivated oxide is also enhanced by four orders of magnitude compared to nonpassivated MoS2 FETs. Under these conditions, negative photoconductivity and a photoresponsivity of 3 × 107 A W−1 is observed which is a new highest value for MoS2. These findings indicate that the ultrathin COC passivation of the gate dielectric enables to probe exciting properties of the atomically thin 2D semiconductor, rather than interface trap dominated effects.
Triboelectric Nanogenerator Enabled Wearable Sensors and Electronics for Sustainable Internet of Things Integrated Green Earth
Authors: Yang Yanqin , Guo Xinge , Zhu Minglu , Sun Zhongda , Zhang Zixuan , He Tianyiyi , Lee Chengkuo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe advancement of the Internet of Things/5G infrastructure requires a low‐cost ubiquitous sensory network to realize an autonomous system for information collection and processing, aiming at diversified applications ranging from healthcare, smart home, industry 4.0 to environmental monitoring. The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is considered the most promising technology due to its self‐powered, cost‐effective, and highly customizable advantages. Through the use of wearable electronic devices, advanced TENG technology is developed as a core technology enabling self‐powered sensors, power supplies, and data communications for the aforementioned applications. In this review, the advancements of TENG‐based electronics regarding materials, material/device hybridization, systems integration, technology convergence, and applications in healthcare, environment monitoring, transportation, and smart homes toward the future green earth are reported.
Effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on gastroenterological surgeries in 2020: A study using the National Clinical Database of Japan
Authors: Maeda Hiromichi , Endo Hideki , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Miyata Hiroaki , Munekage Masaya , Taketomi Akinobu , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Seto Yasuyuki , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Yamaue Hiroki , Yamamoto Masakazu , Kitagawa Yuko , Masaki Mori , Hanazaki Kazuhiro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the effect of the coronavirus disease pandemic on the number of surgeries for gastroenterological cancer cases in Japan.MethodsThe data recorded in the National Clinical Database of Japan between 2018 and 2020 were utilized for this study. Five specific surgeries for primary cancers and surgery for acute diffuse peritonitis were considered the primary endpoints. We divided the study period into the prepandemic and postpandemic (after April 2020) periods and examined the number of surgeries in relation to clinical factors.ResultsOverall, 228 860 surgeries were analyzed. Among the five primary cancer surgeries, the number of distal gastrectomies for gastric cancer decreased the most (to 81.0% of the monthly number in the prepandemic period), followed by that of low anterior resections for rectal cancer (91.4%). In contrast, the number of pancreaticoduodenectomies for pancreatic cancer increased by 7.1%, while that of surgeries for peritonitis remained stable. This trend was observed nationwide. We also noted a marked reduction in the number of distal gastrectomy (to 72.5%), low anterior resection (84.0%), and esophagectomy (88.8%) procedures for T1 tumors. The noncurative resection rate and mortalities were low despite the increased proportion of T4 tumors and older patients.ConclusionA marked reduction in surgeries for gastric and rectal cancers with early T factors may reflect prioritization of surgeries and reduction in cancer screenings. Although the quality of the surgery was maintained in terms of reduced mortalities and morbidities, the long‐term effects of this pandemic should be monitored.
How much have adverse occupational health outcomes among construction workers improved over time? Evidence from 25 years of medical screening
Authors: Ringen Knut , Dement John , Welch Laura , Quinn Patricia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundConstruction workers have always had a high risk of occupational illnesses. We used 25 years of data from a medical screening program serving older construction workers to determine how much health outcomes have improved over the past 60 years.MethodsWe investigated changes in relative risk for chest radiographs consistent with pneumoconiosis, COPD by spirometry, lung cancer mortality, and audiometry‐assessed hearing impairment among workers participating in a medical screening program. Results were stratified by decade of first construction employment: before 1960, 1960–1969, 1970–1979, 1980–1989, and after 1990. Poisson and Cox regression analyses assessed relative risk by decade adjusted for age, sex, smoking, and years of construction trade work.ResultsSubjects were 94% male and, on average, 60 years old with 25 years of construction work. When compared to workers employed before 1960, those first employed after 1990 experienced the following reductions in model‐adjusted relative risks: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 32%; all pneumoconiosis, 68%; parenchymal abnormalities, 35%; pleural abnormalities, 71%; hearing impairment, 20%; and lung cancer mortality, 48%. Risks started to decline in the 1960s with greatest reductions among workers first employed after 1970.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the positive impact that adoption of occupational health protections have had over the past 60 years. The greatest risk reductions were observed for outcomes with strong regulatory and legal incentives to reduce exposures and associated risks, such as those associated with inhalation hazards (asbestos and silica), while lowest improvement was for hearing impairment, for which little regulatory enforcement and few prevention incentives have been adopted.
Structural Evolution of Anatase‐Supported Platinum Nanoclusters into a Platinum‐Titanium Intermetallic Containing Platinum Single Atoms for Enhanced Catalytic CO Oxidation
Authors: He Wenxue , Zhang Xu , Zheng Kun , Wu Chuanqiang , Pan Ya , Li Hongmei , Xu Liuxin , Xu Ruichao , Chen Wei , Liu Yi , Wang Chao , Sun Zhihu , Wei Shiqiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStrong metal‐support interactions characteristic of the encapsulation of metal particles by oxide overlayers have been widely observed on large metal nanoparticles, but scarcely occur on small nanoclusters (<2 nm) for which the metal‐support interactions remain elusive. Herein, we study the structural evolution of Pt nanoclusters (1.5 nm) supported on anatase TiO2 upon high‐temperature H2 reduction. The Pt nanoclusters start to partially evolve into a CsCl‐type PtTi intermetallic compound when the reduction temperature reaches 400 °C. Upon 700 °C reduction, the PtTi nanoparticles are exclusively formed and grow epitaxially along the TiO2 (101) crystal faces. The thermodynamics of the formation of PtTi via migration of reduced Ti atoms into Pt cluster is unraveled by theoretical calculations. The thermally stable PtTi intermetallic compound, with single‐atom Pt isolated by Ti, exhibits enhanced catalytic activity and promoted catalytic durability for CO oxidation.
Neutralizing the Impact of the Virulence Factor LecA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa on Human Cells with New Glycomimetic Inhibitors
Authors: Zahorska Eva , Rosato Francesca , Stober Kai , Kuhaudomlarp Sakonwan , Meiers Joscha , Hauck Dirk , Reith Dorina , Gillon Emilie , Rox Katharina , Imberty Anne , Römer Winfried , Titz Alexander 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBacterial adhesion, biofilm formation and host cell invasion of the ESKAPE pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa require the tetravalent lectins LecA and LecB, which are therefore drug targets to fight these infections. Recently, we have reported highly potent divalent galactosides as specific LecA inhibitors. However, they suffered from very low solubility and an intrinsic chemical instability due to two acylhydrazone motifs, which precluded further biological evaluation. Here, we isosterically substituted the acylhydrazones and systematically varied linker identity and length between the two galactosides necessary for LecA binding. The optimized divalent LecA ligands showed improved stability and were up to 1000‐fold more soluble. Importantly, these properties now enabled their biological characterization. The lead compound L2 potently inhibited LecA binding to lung epithelial cells, restored wound closure in a scratch assay and reduced the invasiveness of P. aeruginosa into host cells.
All polymer‐based transparent composites for electrothermal actuator and supercapacitor
Authors: Ye Yuanji , Bai Ying , Zhou Peidi , Guo Qiaohang , Weng Mingcen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWith the rapid development of smart devices, multifunctional integrated systems are greatly developed. Although several multifunctional devices integrated with functions of actuation, sensing, and energy storage have been successfully fabricated, most of these integrated multifunctional systems are opaque. Here, all polymer‐based transparent composites are proposed for the electrothermal actuator, supercapacitor, and intelligent integrated electronic system. The transmittances of the polyaniline@poly(3, 4‐ethylene dioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate)/polyethylene terephthalate/polyethylene hierarchical composites with transmittance over 40% are prepared by the facile method of in‐situ polymerization and “cut‐paste” process, which can be directly used as transparent actuators as well as electrodes for transparent supercapacitors. The transparent actuator exhibits large bending deformation (>0.8 cm−1) and long‐term repeatability under electrical stimulation. Also, the transparent supercapacitor presents a high areal capacitance of 9.9 mF cm−2 and excellent cycling stability. Due to the above advantages, a series of practical applications are designed, such as biomimetic transparent grippers, flexible supercapacitor arrays, and so forth. Finally, an intelligent integrated electronic system with intelligent electrical‐controlled switches and supercapacitor arrays is successfully constructed to demonstrate the practical application of functional polymer film in smart devices.
A novel approach to graft silicones onto waterborne polyacrylate for synthesizing anti‐graffiti coatings by polydimethylsiloxane‐functionalized RAFT agent
Authors: Yu Qiwei , Ji Yongxin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLinear organoalkoxysilane‐based RAFT agent functionalized polydimethylsiloxane (RAFT‐PDMS) has been prepared for the first time via co‐condensation of a new organoalkoxysilane based RAFT agent (RAFT‐Agent), 2‐((methyldimethoxysilyl)propyl)carbontrithio‐2‐methyl‐propanoicacidmethylester, with diethoxydimethylsilane (DDS) in an aqueous acidic solution. The RAFT‐Agent and RAFT‐PDMS was confirmed by FT‐IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy techniques. The obtained RAFT‐PDMS was used to prepare the silicone‐modified polyacrylate anti‐graffiti emulsions via RAFT polymerization with functional monomers. The living character of RAFT polymerization of RAFT‐PDMS and the narrow molecular weight distribution of the polymerization product were confirmed by GPC. The transformation of the particle state from a small micelle structure to a spherical core‐shell micelle structure during polymerization was verified by TEM and dynamic light scattering analysis. Moreover, DSC and TGA analysis disclosed that increasing the content of RAFT‐PDMS can reduce the glass transition temperature and improve the thermal stability of the resin. Finally, the effect of RAFT‐PDMS on the surface morphology and properties of coatings were examined by SEM and contact angle. These experimental results suggest that increasing the content of RAFT‐PDMS increases the surface porosity of the coating film and thus enhances its hydrophobic properties.
Disparities in localized malignant lung cancer surgical treatment: A population‐based cancer registry analysis
Authors: Mamudu Lohuwa , Salmeron Bonita , Odame Emmanuel A. , Atandoh Paul H. , Reyes Joanne L. , Whiteside Martin , Yang Joshua , Mamudu Hadii M. , Williams Faustine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundLung cancer (LC) continues to be the leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. Surgical treatment has proven to offer a favorable prognosis and a better 5‐year relative survival for patients with early or localized tumors. This novel study investigates the factors associated with the odds of receiving surgical treatment for localized malignant LC in Tennessee.MethodsPopulation‐based data of 9679 localized malignant LC patients from the Tennessee Cancer Registry (2005–2015) were utilized to examine the factors associated with receiving surgical treatment for localized malignant LC. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, cross‐tabulation, and Chi‐Square (2) tests were conducted to assess these factors.ResultsPatients with localized malignant LC who initiated treatment after 2.7 weeks were 46% less likely to receive surgery (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.50–0.59; p < 0.0001). Females had a greater likelihood (AOR = 1.14; CI = 1.03–1.24) of receiving surgical treatment compared to men. Blacks had lower odds (AOR = 0.76; CI = 0.65–0.98) of receiving surgical treatment compared to Whites. All marital groups had higher odds of receiving surgical treatment compared to those who were single/never married. Patients living in Appalachian county had lower odds of receiving surgical treatment (AOR = 0.65; CI = 0.59–0.71) compared with those in the non‐Appalachian county. Patients with private (AOR = 2.09; CI = 1.55–2.820) or public (AOR = 1.42; CI = 1.06–1.91) insurance coverage were more likely to receive surgical treatment compared to self‐pay/uninsured patients. Overall, the likelihood of patients receiving surgical treatment for localized malignant LC decreases with age.ConclusionDisparities exist in the receipt of surgical treatment among patients with localized malignant LC in Tennessee. Health policies should target reducing these disparities to improve the survival of these patients.
Elucidation of the Bridging Pattern of the Lantibiotic Pseudomycoicidin
Authors: Janssen Kathrin , Krasenbrink Julia , Strangfeld Sarina , Kroheck Sarah , Josten Michaele , Engeser Marianne , Bierbaum Gabriele 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLantibiotics are post‐translationally modified antibiotic peptides with lanthionine thioether bridges that represent potential alternatives to conventional antibiotics. The lantibiotic pseudomycoicidin is produced by Bacillus pseudomycoides DSM 12442 and is effective against many Gram‐positive bacteria, including methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus. While prior work demonstrated that pseudomycoicidin possesses one disulfide bridge and four thioether bridges, the ring topology has so far remained unclear. Here, we analyzed several pseudomycoicidin analogues that are affected in ring formation via MALDI‐TOF‐MS and tandem mass spectrometry with regard to their dehydration and fragmentation patterns, respectively. As a result, we propose a bridging pattern involving Thr8 and Cys13, Thr10 and Cys16, Ser18 and Cys21, and Ser20 and Cys26, thus, forming two double ring systems. Additionally, we localized the disulfide bridge to connect Cys3 and Cys7 and, therefore, fully elucidated the bridging pattern of pseudomycoicidin.
G‐Quadruplex Binding of an NIR Emitting Osmium Polypyridyl Probe Revealed by Solution NMR and Time‐Resolved Infrared Studies
Authors: Peterková Kateřina , Stitch Mark , Boota Rayhaan Z. , Scattergood Paul A. , Elliott Paul I. P. , Towrie Michael , Podbevšek Peter , Plavec Janez , Quinn Susan J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractG‐quadruplexes are emerging targets in cancer research and understanding how diagnostic probes bind to DNA G‐quadruplexes in solution is critical to the development of new molecular tools. In this study the binding of an enantiopure NIR emitting [Os(TAP)2(dppz)]2+ complex to different G‐quadruplex structures formed by human telomer (hTel) and cMYC sequences in solution is reported. The combination of NMR and time‐resolved infrared spectroscopic techniques reveals the sensitivity of the emission response to subtle changes in the binding environment of the complex. Similar behaviour is also observed for the related complex [Os(TAP)2(dppp2)]2+ upon quadruplex binding.