bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Second Malignant Neoplasm in Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Cancer Patients
Authors: Capezzone Marco , Sagnella Alfonso , Cantara Silvia , Fralassi Noemi , Maino Fabio , Forleo Raffaella , Brilli Lucia , Pilli Tania , Cartocci Alessandra , Castagna Maria Grazia 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionSurvival rates in patients with non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (NMTC) are high, increasing the possibility to develop a second malignant neoplasm (SMN). Many studies investigated the relationship between increased risk of SMN in NMTC patients treated with radioiodine, but few data are available about the impact of family history (FH) of thyroid cancer on SMN risk.PurposeTo assess the risk of SMN in a large cohort of sporadic and familial NMTC using the standardized incidence ratio (SIR).Patients and methodsWe studied 918 NMTC patients (73.9% female patients) followed for a median follow-up of 9 years. In 798/918 (86.9%) patients, NMTC was sporadic, while the remaining 120 (13.1%) were familial NMTC (FNMTC).ResultsWe identified 119/918 (13%) patients with SMN in association with NMTC. NMTCs had an increased risk of SMN when compared to the general population (SIR 2.1, 95% CI 1.7–2.5). The rate of SMN for all sites was significantly higher in familial compared to sporadic NMTC (20% versus 11.9%, p = 0.01), primarily driven by families with more than two affected members. The risk of SMN was remarkably higher for breast cancer, especially in familial cases (SIR 22.03, 95% CI 14.4–41.2) compared to sporadic cases (SIR:17, 95% CI 11.9–24.6).ConclusionsNMTC patients have a higher risk of SMN compared to the general population and this risk is much higher in patients with FNMTC. This observation raises the hypothesis that genetic risk factors for a first cancer may predispose to SMN, especially among individuals with familial clustering of the same or other tumors.
Free Thyroxine Distinguishes Subclinical Hypothyroidism From Other Aging-Related Changes in Those With Isolated Elevated Thyrotropin
Authors: Abbey Enoch J. , McGready John , Sokoll Lori J. , Simonsick Eleanor M. , Mammen Jennifer S. R. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundAlthough a finding of isolated elevated thyrotropin (TSH) often leads to treatment with thyroid hormone, it is not specific to a diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism, particularly in older adults. We have previously used longitudinal assessment of TSH and free thyroxine (FT4) to distinguish primary and secondary changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, an approach which is impractical for clinical diagnosis.ObjectiveIdentify contemporaneous clinical tests and criteria that predict the longitudinally-derived HPT axis phenotype in those with isolated elevated TSH.MethodsUsing data from Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, participants with over three years of follow up not on thyroid hormone replacement, with a TSH above the reference range and an in-range FT4 at the current visit, and at least 1% per year increase in TSH (mean 6.9% annual increase; n=72), we examined correlations between various clinical factors and the change in FT4 across the phenotypic range from emerging hypothyroidism, with falling FT4, to adaptive stress-response, with rising FT4.ResultsCurrent FT4 level, but not TSH, Free T3, anti-TPO antibody status, age or sex, was significantly associated with phenotype, determined by the annual rate of change in FT4 in those with elevated and rising TSH, both as a continuous variable (β=0.07 per ng/dL increase in FT4; p&lt;0.001) and in quartiles (p&lt;0.001). We estimated a threshold for FT4 of less than 0.89 ng/dL (11.45 pmol/L; the 24th percentile of the reference range), as predictive of a phenotype in the first quartile, consistent with subclinical hypothyroidism, while a FT3:FT4 ratio below 2.77 predicted a phenotype in the fourth quartile, more consistent with adaptive stress-response.ConclusionsIn those with isolated elevated TSH, a FT4 in the lowest quartile of the reference range differentiates those with developing hypothyroidism from other HPT-axis aging changes.
Type 2 Diabetes, PNPLA3 rs738409 Polymorphism, and the Risk of Liver Cirrhosis: Analysis of Taiwan Biobank
Authors: Hsueh Kuan-Chun , Nfor Oswald Ndi , Hsu Shu-Yi , Yang Shun-Fa , Liaw Yung-Po 
Published: March 2022

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and liver cirrhosis remain significant public health threats in Taiwan. These conditions are reported to be associated with the rs738409 polymorphism of the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein three gene (PNPLA3) in European populations. We assessed the effect of T2D and PNPLA3 rs738409 polymorphism on liver cirrhosis among Taiwan Biobank (TWB) participants. In total, 17,985 participants in TWB had their health records linked to the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Participants included those who visited the assessment centers between 2008 and 2015, with an age range between 30 and 70 years of age. We performed logistic regression analysis to investigate the odds ratios (OR) for liver cirrhosis among participants based on the T2D status and rs738409 genotypes. Genotyping was performed using the Axiom Genome-Wide TWB Array Plate. In our analysis, 150 of the 17,619 eligible participants were identified as cirrhosis cases. Based on the univariate analysis, liver cirrhosis was positively associated with T2D (OR, 1.83; 95% CI 1.23–2.70) whereas, the variant rs738409 was not (regardless of the genetic model). The variant and T2D, however, showed significant interactions in the additive, genotype, and dominant models (p values of 0.0302, 0.0395, and 0.0455, respectively). We observed a statistically significant association between T2D and liver cirrhosis and variant rs738409 with an OR of 1.71 (95% CI, 1.03–2.84) for individuals carrying a G allele compared to those with a C allele and 2.92 (95% CI 1.07–7.99) for GG compared to CC individuals. According to our study, Taiwanese adults with T2D and the rs738409 GG genotype are more likely to develop liver cirrhosis.
Comparison of Efficacy of Acupuncture-Related Therapy in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Wan Renhong , Fan Yihua , Zhao Anlan , Xing Yuru , Huang Xiangyuan , Zhou Liang , Wang Ying 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThe refractory, repetitive, and disabling characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has seriously influenced the patients’ quality of life, and makes it a major public health problem. As a classic complementary and alternative therapy, acupuncture is usually applied for RA combined with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). However, there are various types of acupuncture, and the curative effects are different in different acupuncture therapies. In this study, we evaluated the clinical efficacy of different acupuncture therapies combined with DMARDs in the treatment of RA.MethodsThe randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture combined with DMARDs in the treatment of RA were searched in both English and Chinese database of PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP database, Wanfang, and SinoMED, up to October 2021. Literature screening, data extraction, and evaluation of the risk of bias were carried out independently by two researchers, and the data were analyzed by Stata14.2 and GeMTC 0.14.3 software.ResultsA total of 32 RCTs were included, including 2,115 RA patients. The results of network meta-analysis were as follows: in terms of improving DAS28 score, Electro-acupuncture + DMARDs has the best efficacy. In terms of improving VAS score, Fire Needle + DMARDs showed the best efficacy. In terms of improving morning stiffness time, acupuncture-related therapies combined with DMARDs were not better than DMARDs alone in improving morning stiffness time in RA patients. In terms of reducing CRP and ESR, Fire Needle + DMARDs showed the best efficacy. In terms of reducing RF, Moxibustion + DMARDs has the best efficacy.ConclusionsThe comprehensive comparison of the outcome indicators in 8 different treatments indicates that electro-acupuncture combined with DMARDs is the best combined therapy in improving DAS28 score, while in terms of improving pain and serological markers, fire needle combined with DMARDs and moxibustion combined with DMARDs were the best combined therapies. However, it is impossible to find out which is better between fire needle and moxibustion due to the limited studies. Clinically, appropriate treatment should be selected according to the actual situation.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails, CRD42021278233.
A Longitudinal Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Responses Among People With HIV
Authors: Alcaide Maria L. , Nogueira Nicholas F. , Salazar Ana S. , Montgomerie Emily K. , Rodriguez Violeta J. , Raccamarich Patricia D. , Barreto Irma T. , McGaugh Angela , Sharkey Mark E. , Mantero Alejandro M. , Rodriguez Allan E. , Beauchamps Laura , Jones Deborah L. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThe concentration and duration of antibodies (Ab) to SARS-CoV-2 infection predicts the severity of the disease and the clinical outcomes. Older people and those with HIV have impaired immune responses, worse outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and lower antibody responses after viral infection and vaccination. This study evaluated an Ab response to SARS-CoV-2 in people with HIV (PWH) and without HIV (HIV-) and its association with age.MethodsA total of 23 COVID+PWH and 21 COVID+HIV- participants were followed longitudinally for 6 months post-mild COVID-19. Immunoglobin G (IgG) and immunoglobin M (IgM) Ab responses were measured by an in-house developed ELISA. Time points and HIV status interaction were analyzed using Poisson generalized estimating equations, and correlations were analyzed using non-parametric tests.ResultsMedian age in PWH was 55 years with 28.6% women, while in the HIV- group was 36 years with 60.9% women. The mean time from COVID-19 diagnosis to study enrollment was 16 days for PWH and 11 days for HIV-. The mean CD4+ T-cell count/μl for PWH was 772.10 (±365.21). SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG were detected at all time points and Ab response levels did not differ by HIV status (p &gt; 0.05). At entry, age showed a weak direct association with IgG responses (ρ = 0.44, p &lt; 0.05) in HIV- but did not show any association in PWH. Similar associations between age, IgG, and HIV status emerged at day 14 (T1; ρ = 0.50, p &lt; 0.05), 3 months (T3; ρ = 0.50, p &lt; 0.05), and 6 months visit (T4; ρ = 0.78, p &lt; 0.05) in the HIV- group.ConclusionThe Ab responses in the 6-month post-SARS-CoV-2 infection did not differ by HIV status, though a positive association was found between age and Ab response in older PWH. Results suggest that immune protection and vaccine responses are similar for PWH than for those without HIV infection.
Respiratory Outcomes After 6 Months of Hospital Discharge in Patients Affected by COVID-19: A Prospective Cohort
Authors: Prestes Gabriele da Silveira , Simon Carla Sasso , Walz Roger , Ritter Cristiane , Dal-Pizzol Felipe 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundConsidering millions of people affected by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), long-lasting sequelae can significantly impact health worldwide. Data from prospective studies in lower-middle-income countries on persistent lung dysfunction secondary to COVID-19 are lacking. This work aims to determine risk factors and the impact of persistent lung dysfunctions in COVID-19 survivors.MethodsObservational and prospective cohort of patients admitted to a tertiary hospital from June 2020 to November 2020. Persistence of chest CT scan alterations, desaturation in the six-minute walk test (6MWT), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), lung carbon monoxide diffusion (DLCO), and maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) were measured 6 months after hospital discharge. Additionally, the Barthel index (BI) and the Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) Dyspnea Scale were used to determine the impact of lung dysfunction in activities of daily living (ADL).ResultsIt was included 44 patients. Sixty percent had persistent lung CT scan abnormalities. From 18 to 43% of patients had at least one pulmonary function dysfunction, a decrease in FEV1 was the least prevalent (18%), and a reduction in DLCO and MIP was the most frequent (43%). In general, female gender, comorbidity index, and age were associated with worse lung function. Additionally, the presence of lung dysfunction could predict worse BI (r-square 0.28) and mMRC (r-square 0.32).ConclusionLong-term lung dysfunction is relatively common in survivors from severe COVID-19 and impacts negatively on ADL and the intensity of dyspnea, similar to studies in high-income countries.
Safety and Efficacy of Cangrelor Among Three Antiplatelet Regimens During Stent-Assisted Endovascular Treatment of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Cheddad El Aouni Mourad , Magro Elsa , Abdelrady Mohamed , Nonent Michel , Gentric Jean Christophe , Ognard Julien 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionThromboembolic events represent the most frequent complications of endovascular treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysm using stent-assisted coilling or flow diverter stents. Dual antiplatelet therapy has become the standard to prevent these but remains unstandardized. We present here a single center experience of 3 standardized antiplatelet regimens during brain aneurysm treatment, while emphasizing the use of the Cangrelor.MethodWe retrospectively reviewed data from patients treated using stent-assisted coilling or flow diverter stents from 2016 to 2021. We collected and compared safety and efficacy data within 6 months of three groups of patients corresponding to three antiplatelet standardized regimens: group T with Ticagrelor, with preprocedural preparation; group E with Eptifibatide, injected during procedure; group C with Cangrelor, injected during procedure.ResultsData of 112 patients were analyzed and 76 belonged to group T, 21 to group E, and 15 to group C. Eleven events over the 14 recorded were adjudicated to be related to antiplatelets, their repartition did not differ between the 3 groups (p = 0.43). All symptomatic events (N = 8) were not distributed significantly differently between the 3 groups (p = 0.11) and asymptomatic events were also balanced (p = 1.00). Of these, 6 subjects had a change in the mRS score at 3–6 months. Thrombo-embolic events represented the most encountered events in the sample: 2 acute ischemic strokes were recorded in group E and 1 in group T; 1 transient ischemic stroke was noted in group E; 4 silent infarcts were found on control MRI (2 belonged to group T, 1 to group E and 1 to group C). Among 3 intracranial bleeding events, 1 was symptomatic in group C, 2 were asymptomatic in group T. On the control evaluation performed at 6 months, there was no significant difference on aneurysmal occlusion (p = 0.67).ConclusionThis single-center retrospective study compared 3 antiplatelet regimens, finding no significant difference in the safety and efficacy in the context of endovascular treatments of unruptured aneurysm using stent or flow diverters. This study adds data for the Cangrelor use and suggests its usefulness in the field of neuro-endovascular intervention. Randomized controlled studies are warranted to confirm these results.
Association Between Preonset Anti-hypertensive Treatment and Intracerebral Hemorrhage Mortality: A Cohort Study From CHEERY
Authors: Wan Yan , Guo Hongxiu , Shen Jing , Chen Shaoli , Li Man , Xia Yuanpeng , Zhang Lei , Sun Zhou , Chen Xiaolu , Chang Jiang , Wang David , He Quanwei , Hu Bo 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionHypertension is the most prevalent risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). In this study, we investigated whether preonset anti-hypertensive therapy could affect the outcomes of ICH.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 3,460 consecutive patients with acute first-ever ICH from 31 recruitment sites were enrolled into the Chinese cerebral hemorrhage: mechanism and intervention (CHERRY) study from December 1, 2018 to November 30, 2020, and 2,140 (61.8%) with hypertension history were entered into the analysis.ResultsOnly 586 patients (27.4%) with hypertension history currently received anti-hypertensive therapy, and which was associated with lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) on admission (SBP, p = 0.008; DBP, p = 0.017), less hematoma volume (9.8 vs. 11%, p = 0.006), and lower all-cause mortality at 3 months (15.3 vs. 19.8%, OR = 0.728, p = 0.016). In multivariable analysis, adjusting for age, gender, residence, ischemic stroke history, admission SBP and DBP, and current use of antihypertension were significantly associated with lower adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality at discharge (adjusted HR, 0.497, p = 0.012), 30 days (adjusted HR, 0.712, p = 0.015), and 90 days (adjusted HR, 0.766, p = 0.030). However, after adjusting the variable of hematoma volume, the mortality between the two groups was not significantly different.ConclusionsPreonset anti-hypertensive therapy was associated with lower mortality of ICH, which somewhat depended on hematoma volume.
Association of Cerebrospinal Fluid Parameters and Neurofilament Light Chain With Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Krajnc Nik , Altmann Patrick , Riedl Katharina , Mitsch Christoph , Berger Thomas , Leutmezer Fritz , Rommer Paulus , Pemp Berthold , Bsteh Gabriel 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionMultiple sclerosis (MS) pathophysiology comprises both inflammatory and neurodegenerative characteristics. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis allows for assessment of inflammation while neurofilament light chain can indicate neuroaxonal damage. Retinal thinning is a robust prognostic biomarker for neurodegeneration in MS. To date, an association between CSF parameters upon MS diagnosis and retinal thinning has not been investigated.Aims and ObjectivesWe aimed to determine whether CSF parameters are associated with the evolution of retinal layer thinning in people with MS (pwMS).MethodsFor this longitudinal observational study, we investigated pwMS from the Vienna MS database (VMSD), who had undergone (1) a diagnostic lumbar puncture (LP) between 2015 and 2020, and (2) simultaneous optical coherence tomography (OCT) and/or (3) a follow-up OCT scan. Linear stepwise regression models were calculated with OCT parameters (peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer [pRNFL] thickness at LP and at follow-up, annualized loss of pRNFL thickness [aLpRNFL]) as a dependent variable, and CSF parameters (white blood cell [WBC] count, total protein [CSFTP], CSF/serum albumin ratio [Qalb], intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulins, neurofilament light chain [NfL] in both CSF and serum [CSFNfL/sNfL]) as independent variables adjusted for age, sex, and disease duration.ResultsWe analyzed 61 pwMS (median age 30.0 years [interquartile range 25.5–35.0], 57.4% female, median disease duration 1.0 month [IQR 0–2.0] before LP, median follow-up 1.9 years [IQR 1.1–3.5]). CSFNfL and sNfL measurements were available in 26 and 31 pwMS, respectively. pRNFL thickness at LP was inversely associated with the CSF WBC count (β = −0.36; 95% CI −0.51, −0.08; p = 0.008). We did not find any association between other CSF parameters, including CSFNfL, sNfL, and aLpRNFL.ConclusionsIncreased WBC count as an indicator of acute inflammation and blood-brain-barrier breakdown seems to be associated with the amount of retinal thickness already lost at the time of LP. However, neither routine CSF parameters nor a singular NfL measurement allows the prediction of future retinal thinning.
Milk Fat Globule Membrane Alleviates Short Bowel Syndrome-Associated Liver Injury in Rats Through Inhibiting Autophagy and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation
Authors: Yu Zhicai , Huang Shanshan , Li Ying , Niu Yang , Chen Honghao , Wu Jiang 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThe milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), a tri-layer membrane structure surrounding the milk fat globule, has been shown to have immune-modulating properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MFGM supplementation in a rat model of short bowel syndrome (SBS) associated liver disease and its possible mechanisms.Materials and MethodsTwenty one male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: Sham, SBS (underwent massive small bowel resection), and SBS+MFGM (SBS rats supplemented with 1.5 g/kg/d MFGM). Liver pathology, myeloperoxidase (MPO) staining, serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT), endotoxin concentration, protein expression of autophagy and nucleotide binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) pathway in the liver tissue were measured.ResultsBoth SBS and SBS + MFGM groups had higher serum levels of ALT and liver endotoxin levels than the Sham group (P &lt; 0.05), with no difference detected between each other. Compared with the SBS group, the SBS+MFGM group showed lower liver pathology scores of steatosis and inflammation, less MPO positive cells and reduced expressions of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), Caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β(P &lt; 0.05) in the liver. Additionally, the expression of Beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein1 light chain 3(LC3) B, the fluorescence intensity of NLRP3 and LC3B in the SBS + MFGM group were lower than the SBS group (P &lt; 0.05). The LC3B expression was positively correlated with the NLRP3 level.ConclusionEnteral supplementation of MFGM help to alleviate liver injury in SBS rats, which might be related to inhibition of aberrant activation of autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways.
Novel Zinc-Related Differentially Methylated Regions in Leukocytes of Women With and Without Obesity
Authors: Noronha Natália Yumi , Barato Mariana , Sae-Lee Chanachai , Pinhel Marcela Augusta de Souza , Watanabe Lígia Moriguchi , Pereira Vanessa Aparecida Batista , Rodrigues Guilherme da Silva , Morais Déborah Araújo , de Sousa Wellington Tavares , Souza Vanessa Cristina de Oliveira , Plaça Jessica Rodrigues , Salgado Wilson , Barbosa Fernando , Plösch Torsten , Nonino Carla Barbosa 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionNutriepigenetic markers are predictive responses associated with changes in “surrounding” environmental conditions of humans, which may influence metabolic diseases. Although rich in calories, Western diets could be linked with the deficiency of micronutrients, resulting in the downstream of epigenetic and metabolic effects and consequently in obesity. Zinc (Zn) is an essential nutrient associated with distinct biological roles in human health. Despite the importance of Zn in metabolic processes, little is known about the relationship between Zn and epigenetic. Thus, the present study aimed to identify the epigenetic variables associated with Zn daily ingestion (ZnDI) and serum Zinc (ZnS) levels in women with and without obesity.Materials and MethodsThis is a case-control, non-randomized, single-center study conducted with 21 women allocated into two groups: control group (CG), composed of 11 women without obesity, and study group (SG), composed of 10 women with obesity. Anthropometric measurements, ZnDI, and ZnS levels were evaluated. Also, leukocyte DNA was extracted for DNA methylation analysis using 450 k Illumina BeadChips. The epigenetic clock was calculated by Horvath method. The chip analysis methylation pipeline (ChAMP) package selected the differentially methylated regions (DMRs).ResultsThe SG had lower ZnS levels than the CG. Moreover, in SG, the ZnS levels were negatively associated with the epigenetic age acceleration. The DMR analysis revealed 37 DMRs associated with ZnDI and ZnS levels. The DMR of PM20D1 gene was commonly associated with ZnDI and ZnS levels and was hypomethylated in the SG.ConclusionOur findings provide new information on Zn's modulation of DNA methylation patterns and bring new perspectives for understanding the nutriepigenetic mechanisms in obesity.