bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antitumor Activity of Chitosan-Coated Iron Oxide Nanocomposite Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Animal Models
Authors: Badawy Monda M. M. , Abdel-Hamid Gehan R. , Mohamed Hebatallah E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most prevalent and lethal cancers worldwide. Chitosan-coated iron oxide nanocomposite (Fe3O4/Cs) is a promising bio-nanomaterial for many biological applications. The objective of this research was to evaluate the anticancer efficacy of Fe3O4/Cs against HCC in animal models. Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared and added to chitosan solution; then, the mixture was exposed to gamma radiation at a dose of 20 kGy. Rats have received diethylnitrosamine (DEN) orally at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight 5 times per week during a period of 10 weeks to induce HCC and then have received Fe3O4/Cs intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight 3 times per week during a period of 4 weeks. After the last dose of Fe3O4/Cs administration, animals were sacrificed. DEN induced upregulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK (ERK, JNK, P38) signaling pathways and inflammatory markers (TLR4, iNOS, and TNF-α). DEN also decreases cleaved caspase-3 and increases liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and GGT) activities. Administration of Fe3O4/Cs significantly ameliorated the above-mentioned parameters.
Food security vulnerability due to trade dependencies on Russia and Ukraine
Authors: Hellegers Petra 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Russian invasion of Ukraine is disrupting global agricultural commodity markets, creating pressure on wheat supplies and stocks and consequently on food prices. The wider effects are felt around the world due to the dependencies inherent to global trade. But how to assess the vulnerability of countries food security and how to deal with it? To assess for which countries food security is at risk, dependencies along with a set of coping capacity indicators to absorb shocks need to be identified. Addressing vulnerabilities at this scale requires a global food security approach, because the food security of vulnerable countries depends on measure taken by other countries, together with a holistic approach to water, energy and food security. The Russian invasion brings to the fore the need to reassess the socio-economic value of agriculture and open trade, in terms of food security for stability in vulnerable regions.
Propagation of hydropeaking waves in heterogeneous aquifers: effects on flow topology and uncertainty quantification
Authors: Merchán-Rivera Pablo , Basilio Hazas Mónica , Marcolini Giorgia , Chiogna Gabriele 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTopological flow properties are proxies for mixing processes in aquifers and allow us to better understand the mechanisms controlling transport of solutes in the subsurface. However, topological descriptors, such as the Okubo–Weiss metric, are affected by the uncertainty in the solution of the flow problem. While the uncertainty related to the heterogeneous properties of the aquifer has been widely investigated in the past, less attention has been given to the one related to highly transient boundary conditions. We study the effect of different transient boundary conditions associated with hydropeaking events (i.e., artificial river stage fluctuations due to hydropower production) on groundwater flow and the Okubo–Weiss metric. We define deterministic and stochastic modeling scenarios applying four typical settings to describe river stage fluctuations during hydropeaking events: a triangular wave, a sine wave, a complex wave that results of the superposition of two sine waves, and a trapezoidal wave. We use polynomial chaos expansions to quantify the spatiotemporal uncertainty that propagates into the hydraulic head in the aquifer and the Okubo–Weiss. The wave-shaped highly transient boundary conditions influence not only the magnitude of the deformation and rotational forces of the flow field but also the temporal dynamics of dominance between local strain and rotation properties. Larger uncertainties are found in the scenario where the trapezoidal wave was imposed due to sharp fluctuation in the stage. The statistical moments that describe the propagation of the uncertainty highly vary depending on the applied boundary condition.HighlightsDeterministic and stochastic scenarios to describe the groundwater flow field under river stage fluctuations during hydropeaking.Propagation of uncertainty of highly transient boundary conditions in the Okubo–Weiss metric.Highly transient boundary conditions can significantly affect mixing potential.
Adsorption and Photo-Fenton Degradation of Methylene Blue Using Nanomagnetite/Potassium Carrageenan Bio-Composite Beads
Authors: Hassan Asaad F. , Mustafa Ahmed A. , Esmail Ghada , Awad Aya M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe present study deals with the preparation of nanomagnetite (NM), potassium carrageenan (KC), and nanomagnetite/potassium carrageenan bio-composite beads (NC). Characterization of the prepared solid materials using different physicochemical techniques such as X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy-disperse X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), diffuse reflectance spectrophotometer (DRS), swelling ratio (SR%), N2 adsorption, pH of point of zero charges (pHPZC), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Comparing between adsorption and photo-Fenton degradation process for methylene blue (MB) on the surface of the prepared solid materials. Nanomagnetite/potassium carrageenan bio-composite (NC) exhibited high specific surface area (406 m2/g), mesoporosity (pore radius, 3.64 nm), point of zero charge around pH6.0, and the occurrence of abundant oxygen-containing functional groups. Comparison between adsorption and photo-Fenton oxidation process for methylene blue (MB) was carried out under different application conditions. NC exhibited the maximum adsorption capacity with 374.50 mg/g at 40 °C after 24 h of shaking time while 96.9% of MB was completely degraded after 20 min of photo-Fenton process. Langmuir's adsorption model for MB onto the investigated solid materials is the best-fitted adsorption model based on the higher correlation coefficient values (0.9771–0.9999). Kinetic and thermodynamic measurements prove that adsorption follows PSO, endothermic, and spontaneous process, while photo-Fenton degradation of MB achieves PFO, nonspontaneous, and endothermic process. Photo-Fenton degradation is a fast and simple technique at a lower concentration of dye (< 40 mg/L) while at higher dye concentration, the adsorption process is preferred in the removal of that dye.
Improving Iodine Status in Lactating Women: What Works?
Authors: Brough Louise 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Iodine deficiency is a global concern, and in recent years, there has been a significant improvement in the number of countries identified as being iodine-sufficient. This review considers the best strategies to ensure iodine sufficiency among breastfeeding women and their infants.

Recent Findings
Fortification strategies to improve iodine intake have been adequate for school-age children (SAC); however, often, iodine deficiency remains for breastfeeding women and their infants. Daily supplementation with iodine is not an ideal strategy to overcome deficiency.

Summary
Countries defined as iodine-sufficient, but where pregnant and breastfeeding women have inadequate intake, should consider increasing salt iodine concentration, such that the median urinary iodine concentration of SAC can be up to 299 µg/L. This will ensure adequate intake for mothers and infants, without SAC being at risk thyroid dysfunction. Consensus is required for thresholds for iodine adequacy for breastfeeding women and infants.
New Approaches for Enhancement of the Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Ahmed Lamiaa , Al-Massri Khaled 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a major health concern worldwide, where mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy gives great promise in their management through their regenerative and paracrine actions. In recent years, many studies have shifted from the use of transplanted stem cells to their secreted exosomes for the management of various CVDs and cardiovascular-related diseases including atherosclerosis, stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, peripheral arterial diseases, and pulmonary hypertension. In different models, MSC-derived exosomes have shown beneficial outcomes similar to cell therapy concerning regenerative and neovascular actions in addition to their anti-apoptotic, anti-remodeling, and anti-inflammatory actions. Compared with their parent cells, exosomes have also demonstrated several advantages, including lower immunogenicity and no risk of tumor formation. However, the maintenance of stability and efficacy of exosomes afterin vivotransplantation is still a major concern in their clinical application. Recently, new approaches have been developed to enhance their efficacy and stability including their preconditioning before transplantation, use of genetically modified MSC-derived exosomes, or their utilization as a targeted drug delivery system. Herein, we summarized the use of MSC-derived exosomes as therapies in different CVDs in addition to recent advances for the enhancement of their efficacy in these conditions.Graphical abstract
Performance and emission analysis of a CI engine fueled with parsley biodiesel–diesel blend
Authors: Bitire Sarah Oluwabunmi , Jen Tien-Chien 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPollution-induced environmental deterioration is one of the serious aspects that must be solved. As a result, biodiesel was made from a novel material (Parsley seed oil) through an alkali-induced transesterification reaction. The efficiency, as well as exhaust emission tests, were performed by running the prepared parsley biodiesel blends (mixture of biodiesel and diesel fuel in different proportions) in an engine. The ideal blend for enhancing engine performance was discovered to be B20, which displayed steady performance attributes without requiring any modifications to the diesel engine. The B20 parsley biodiesel blend had fewer emissions than diesel, notably hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide except for nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide. B20 Parsley blends were also shown to emit less pollution than other blends (B5 and B10). A high reduction in CO, CO2 and HC emissions for B20 was recorded at 33.9%, 29.73%, and 11.38% relative to diesel except for NOx. Brake-specific energy consumption decreases and thermal efficiency of the engine increases for all biodiesel blends. In addition, from the performance results, BTE and BSFC of B20 are relatively close to those of pure diesel fuel (B0). The use of parsley biodiesel as a diesel engine fuel was shown to be a promising strategy to promote the use of green fuels (biofuels from renewable materials) while simultaneously mitigating the release of toxic greenhouse gases from the combustion of fossil fuel.
Social Responsibility and Urban Consolidation Centres in Sustainable Freight Transport Markets
Authors: Crotti Daniele , Maggi Elena 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) strategies adopted by urban consolidation centres on the competition between logistics service providers. Taking into consideration pollution charges issued by city councils to reduce CO2 emissions in freight distribution, we study a Hotelling-like market setting where logistics providers could voluntarily outsource last mile deliveries to platforms endowed with eco-friendly vehicles. We considered the intensity of the competition, which is captured by switching costs and we theoretically find that in more contestable markets, the interplay between environmental policies and CSR strategies—intended as consumers-oriented pricing schemes—is more likely to enhance the demand by providers for consolidation centres’ deliveries. Conversely, when the competition is weak, i.e., the providers have a relatively strong market power, platforms’ services are less attractive and more relevant CSR pricing strategies are needed to spread out greener freight deliveries and make city logistics environmentally sustainable.
Multifunctional Flexible Humidity Sensor Systems Towards Noncontact Wearable Electronics
Authors: Lu Yuyao , Yang Geng , Shen Yajing , Yang Huayong , Xu Kaichen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the past decade, the global industry and research attentions on intelligent skin-like electronics have boosted their applications in diverse fields including human healthcare, Internet of Things, human–machine interfaces, artificial intelligence and soft robotics. Among them, flexible humidity sensors play a vital role in noncontact measurements relying on the unique property of rapid response to humidity change. This work presents an overview of recent advances in flexible humidity sensors using various active functional materials for contactless monitoring. Four categories of humidity sensors are highlighted based on resistive, capacitive, impedance-type and voltage-type working mechanisms. Furthermore, typical strategies including chemical doping, structural design and Joule heating are introduced to enhance the performance of humidity sensors. Drawing on the noncontact perception capability, human/plant healthcare management, human–machine interactions as well as integrated humidity sensor-based feedback systems are presented. The burgeoning innovations in this research field will benefit human society, especially during the COVID-19 epidemic, where cross-infection should be averted and contactless sensation is highly desired.
Commercially Viable Hybrid Li-Ion/Metal Batteries with High Energy Density Realized by Symbiotic Anode and Prelithiated Cathode
Authors: Lin Kui , Xu Xiaofu , Qin Xianying , Liu Ming , Zhao Liang , Yang Zijin , Liu Qi , Ye Yonghuang , Chen Guohua , Kang Feiyu , Li Baohua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe energy density of commercial lithium (Li) ion batteries with graphite anode is reaching the limit. It is believed that directly utilizing Li metal as anode without a host could enhance the battery’s energy density to the maximum extent. However, the poor reversibility and infinite volume change of Li metal hinder the realistic implementation of Li metal in battery community. Herein, a commercially viable hybrid Li-ion/metal battery is realized by a coordinated strategy of symbiotic anode and prelithiated cathode. To be specific, a scalable template-removal method is developed to fabricate the porous graphite layer (PGL), which acts as a symbiotic host for Li ion intercalation and subsequent Li metal deposition due to the enhanced lithiophilicity and sufficient ion-conducting pathways. A continuous dissolution-deintercalation mechanism during delithiation process further ensures the elimination of dead Li. As a result, when the excess plating Li reaches 30%, the PGL could deliver an ultrahigh average Coulombic efficiency of 99.5% for 180 cycles with a capacity of 2.48 mAh cm−2 in traditional carbonate electrolyte. Meanwhile, an air-stable recrystallized lithium oxalate with high specific capacity (514.3 mAh g−1) and moderate operating potential (4.7–5.0 V) is introduced as a sacrificial cathode to compensate the initial loss and provide Li source for subsequent cycles. Based on the prelithiated cathode and initial Li-free symbiotic anode, under a practical-level 3 mAh capacity, the assembled hybrid Li-ion/metal full cell with a P/N ratio (capacity ratio of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 to graphite) of 1.3 exhibits significantly improved capacity retention after 300 cycles, indicating its great potential for high-energy-density Li batteries.
Verification of sleep scales as predictors of suicidal ideation in Japanese dayworkers: a longitudinal study
Authors: Matsumoto Yuuki , Uchimura Naohisa , Ishitake Tatsuya , Itani Osamu , Otsuka Yuichiro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to verify whether the assessment of poor sleep based on two sleep scales could predict suicidal ideation in Japanese dayworkers. A longitudinal survey was conducted among 446 Japanese dayworkers working at a company in Japan. Questionnaires were administered in 2013 (baseline) and 2014 (follow-up). To evaluate suicidal ideation, we used Question 19 of the Self-rating Depression Scale, categorizing participants who chose response options “some/a good part/most of the time” as suicidal ideation (+), and those who chose option “never or only a little of the time” as suicidal ideation (−). Two sleep scales, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the 3-Dimensional Sleep Scale (3DSS), were selected as potential predictors of suicidal ideation. Only participants who were suicidal ideation (−) at baseline were included in the analysis, and suicidal ideation (+) individuals at follow-up were considered to have developed suicidal ideation during the interval between baseline and follow-up surveys. Data from 293 participants (236 men, 57 women) were analyzed. Twenty-two participants (7.5%) became suicidal ideation (+) at follow-up. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that only sleep quality of the 3DSS subscale significantly predicted suicidal ideation, even after adjusting for depressive symptoms. That is, assessment of poor sleep did not predict suicidal ideation when based on the PSQI, but did when based on the 3DSS. Assessment of sleep quality based on the 3DSS may prove more useful in predicting worker suicidal ideation in industrial settings with limited facilities than PSQI.
Patient Confidentiality of Electronic Health Records: A Recent Review of the Saudi Literature
Authors: Almaghrabi Nada Saddig , Bugis Bussma Ahmed 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Health systems harbor lucrative data that can be targeted for illegal access, thus posing a serious privacy breach. In addition, patients could lose their lives or suffer permanent and irreversible harm due to such unauthorized access to health care data used in treatment. To ensure patient safety, the health care sector must integrate cybersecurity into its operations. Additionally, the health care industry must collaborate to tackle cybercrime and prevent unauthorized access to patient data. With the rapid transition from paper-based health records to electronic health records (EHRs), it is important to study, identify, and address the challenges that confront EHRs to protect patient confidentiality.

Aim
The main goal of this research was to create a clear picture of the role of EHRs in the health care system of Saudi Arabia regarding patient confidentiality. This work focused on the privacy and confidentiality challenges encountered in adopting EHRs in the health care system, and the advantages of using EHRs in terms of protecting patient confidentiality.

Methods
This project utilized a systematic literature review approach, and the methodology involved a careful critique of 11 recent articles.

Results
The confidentiality and privacy of patient data and information must be ensured, because the health care sector in Saudi Arabia is flawed with several security risks that may corrupt the integrity of patient data. The health care system is facing many cybercrimes whereby hackers can gain access to confidential data and patient information. Internal factors such as inexperienced medical personnel have also necessitated EHRs in Saudi Arabia. Health care workers who lack the appropriate skills in handling EHRs may cause breaches of patient data, which in turn may compromise the health and safety of the patients.

Conclusion
Confidentiality and privacy are critical components of a reliable EHR system. EHR confidentiality has a significant impact on maintaining patient safety and security, thus enhancing patient care in Saudi Arabia. Additionally, challenges such as hackers and data breaches have slowed the adoption process among health care companies in Saudi Arabia.
Predictability effects in degraded speech comprehension are reduced as a function of attention
Authors: Bhandari Pratik , Demberg Vera , Kray Jutta 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the role of attention in understanding linguistic information even in a noisy environment. To assess the role of attention, we varied task instructions in two experiments in which participants were instructed to listen to short sentences and thereafter to type in the last word they heard or to type in the whole sentence. We were interested in how these task instructions influence the interplay between top-down prediction and bottom-up perceptual processes during language comprehension. Therefore, we created sentences that varied in the degree of predictability (low, medium, and high) as well as in the degree of speech degradation (four, six, and eight noise-vocoding channels). Results indicated better word recognition for highly predictable sentences for moderate, though not for high, levels of speech degradation, but only when attention was directed to the whole sentence. This underlines the important role of attention in language comprehension.
Successful use of ivabradine in a 10-year-old patient with graft failure after heart transplantation
Authors: Ogawa Yosuke , Urata Susumu , Inuzuka Ryo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe encountered a paediatric case of graft failure due to antibody-mediated rejection after heart transplantation in which ivabradine was effective. Inappropriate sinus tachycardia in denervated transplanted hearts is a good indication for ivabradine administration as beta-blockers have a limited efficacy. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the effectiveness of ivabradine in a paediatric heart transplant rejection case.
Automated Quantitative Mapping of Ore Minerals by Multispectral Reflected-light Microscopy
Authors: Catalina Juan Carlos , Grunwald Úrsula , Alarcón David , Castroviejo Ricardo 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
An innovative multispectral reflected-light microscopy system is able to automatically identify ore minerals by measuring their specular reflectance with non-polarized light in a number of spectral bands, and comparing the values obtained with a reference database. In this way it can provide quantitative mineralogical mapping comparable to that obtained from automated mineralogy systems based on SEM-EDS (Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy), at a fraction of the cost and with less stringent environmental and operational requirements.
The new system, called AMCO (for Automated Microscopic Characterization of Ores), consists of an instrument and two proprietary software applications: amcoCapture, to acquire multispectral images of a polished section prepared from an ore sample, and amcoAnalysis, to process these images and extract different types of mineralogical information from them.