bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of immune checkpoint molecules on adult and neonatal T-cells
Authors: Dietz Stefanie , Molnar Kriszta , Riedel Hannah , Haag Laura , Spring Bärbel , Orlikowsky Thorsten W. , Poets Christian F. , Gille Christian , Köstlin-Gille Natascha 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTerm and especially preterm neonates are much more susceptible to serious bacterial infections than adults. But not only the susceptibility to infection is increased in neonates, but also their risk for developing post-inflammatory diseases such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). This may be due to an impaired ability to terminate inflammation. In the study presented here, we aimed to investigate the proliferative response and the expression of immune-checkpoint molecules (ICM) and activation markers on neonatal T-cells in comparison to adult T-cells with the hypothesis that an increased activation of neonatal T-cells may contribute to the failure of inflammation resolution observed in neonates. We show that neonatal CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells show an increased proliferative capacity and an increased expression of activation markers compared to adult T-cells upon stimulation with OKT3 as well as a decreased expression of ICM, especially PD-L1 on their surface. This decreased expression of PD-L1 by neonatal T-cells was also observed after stimulation with GBS, but not after stimulation with E. coli, the two most important pathogens in neonatal sepsis. Expression of the T-cell receptor CD3 and the co-stimulatory molecule CD28 did not differ between adult and neonatal T-cells upon bacterial stimulation. Decreased expression of ICM upon T-cell activation may be a reason for the increased risk of neonates to develop post-inflammatory diseases.
Reduced vagal tone in intimate partner violence perpetrators is partly explained by anger rumination
Authors: Sarrate-Costa Carolina , Lila Marisol , Comes-Fayos Javier , Moya-Albiol Luis , Romero-Martínez Ángel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPolyvagal theory proposed that an autonomous nervous system imbalance might be characteristic of violent individuals, especially reduced parasympathetic or vagal tone. Accordingly, some studies concluded that when intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators deal with acute stress, they tend to present a sympathetic predominance over the parasympathetic nervous system once the stress has ended. However, less is known about cognitive mechanisms that explain this phenomenon. In fact, this functioning might be explained by inner speech and/or angry thoughts (anger rumination) in reactive aggressors. Nonetheless, there is a gap in the scientific literature assessing whether this psychophysiological functioning in IPV perpetrators is explained by anger rumination. For this reason, the first aim of this study was to assess the cardiorespiratory (heart rate (HR), pre-ejection period (PEP), and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA)) and electrodermal (skin conductance level (SCL)) changes, as well as the anger state, when coping with an acute laboratory stressor, comparing a group of reactive IPV perpetrators (n = 47) and a group of non-violent men (n = 36). The second aim was two-fold. After checking whether the groups differed on their anger rumination and manifestation of aggression (reactive and/or proactive) scores, we studied whether these variables explained psychophysiological and psychological responses to a laboratory task (changes and levels during the recovery period) in each group. Our results demonstrated that, compared to the control group, IPV perpetrators presented lower RSA levels (vagal tone). Even though the groups did not differ on their anger rumination or manifestation of aggression scores (except for proactive aggression), only in the IPV perpetrators, high anger rumination and reactive aggression partly explained the lower vagal tone (RSA levels) and high levels of anger state at post-task. Consequently, this study contributes to understanding the psychobiological basis for violence proneness in IPV perpetrators, making it possible to explore new therapeutic strategies.
Applications of MXenes in human-like sensors and actuators
Authors: Pang Jinbo , Peng Songang , Hou Chongyang , Wang Xiao , Wang Ting , Cao Yu , Zhou Weijia , Sun Ding , Wang Kai , Rümmeli Mark H. , Cuniberti Gianaurelio , Liu Hong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHuman beings perceive the world through the senses of sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch, space, and balance. The first five senses are prerequisites for people to live. The sensing organs upload information to the nervous systems, including the brain, for interpreting the surrounding environment. Then, the brain sends commands to muscles reflexively to react to stimuli, including light, gas, chemicals, sound, and pressure. MXene, as an emerging two-dimensional material, has been intensively adopted in the applications of various sensors and actuators. In this review, we update the sensors to mimic five primary senses and actuators for stimulating muscles, which employ MXene-based film, membrane, and composite with other functional materials. First, a brief introduction is delivered for the structure, properties, and synthesis methods of MXenes. Then, we feed the readers the recent reports on the MXene-derived image sensors as artificial retinas, gas sensors, chemical biosensors, acoustic devices, and tactile sensors for electronic skin. Besides, the actuators of MXene-based composite are introduced. Eventually, future opportunities are given to MXene research based on the requirements of artificial intelligence and humanoid robot, which may induce prospects in accompanying healthcare and biomedical engineering applications.
On a Certain Class of IFSs and Their Attractors
Authors: Secelean Nicolae-Adrian , Wardowski Dariusz 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOur purpose in this paper is to consider a new class of iterated function systems (IFS) based on the concept of orbital condition introduced by Miculescu et al. (Analele Universităţii de Vest Timişoara Seria Matematică-Informatică LVI 2:71–80, 2018). On the given IFS there are imposed some sufficient conditions guaranteeing the existence of an attractor. There are also established some further results which describe the nature of the attractors of the considered type. The introduced theory is supported by some examples of IFSs for which the attractors are also depicted.
Perioperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in pediatric congenital heart disease: Chinese expert consensus
Authors: Lin Ru , Wang Wei , Wang Xu , Xu Zhuo-Ming , Liu Jin-Ping , Zhou Cheng-Bin , Hong Xiao-Yang , Mo Xu-Ming , Shi Shan-Shan , Ye Li-Fen , Shu Qiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCongenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the main supportive diseases of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children. The management of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for pediatric CHD faces more severe challenges due to the complex anatomical structure of the heart, special pathophysiology, perioperative complications and various concomitant malformations. The survival rate of ECMO for CHD was significantly lower than other classifications of diseases according to the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization database. This expert consensus aims to improve the survival rate and reduce the morbidity of this patient population by standardizing the clinical strategy.MethodsThe editing group of this consensus gathered 11 well-known experts in pediatric cardiac surgery and ECMO field in China to develop clinical recommendations formulated on the basis of existing evidences and expert opinions.ResultsThe primary concern of ECMO management in the perioperative period of CHD are patient selection, cannulation strategy, pump flow/ventilator parameters/vasoactive drug dosage setting, anticoagulation management, residual lesion screening, fluid and wound management and weaning or transition strategy. Prevention and treatment of complications of bleeding, thromboembolism and brain injury are emphatically discussed here. Special conditions of ECMO management related to the cardiovascular anatomy, haemodynamics and the surgical procedures of common complex CHD should be considered.ConclusionsThe consensus could provide a reference for patient selection, management and risk identification of perioperative ECMO in children with CHD.
Oil Spill Identification based on Dual Attention UNet Model Using Synthetic Aperture Radar Images
Authors: Mahmoud Amira S. , Mohamed Sayed A. , El-Khoriby Reda A. , AbdelSalam Hisham M. , El-Khodary Ihab A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOil spills cause tremendous damage to marine, coastal environments, and ecosystems. Previous deep learning-based studies have addressed the task of detecting oil spills as a semantic segmentation problem. However, further improvement is still required to address the noisy nature of the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery problem, which limits segmentation performance. In this study, a new deep learning model based on the Dual Attention Model (DAM) is developed to automatically detect oil spills in a water body. We enhanced a conventional UNet segmentation network by integrating a dual attention model DAM to selectively highlight the relevant and discriminative global and local characteristics of oil spills in SAR imagery. DAM is composed of a Channel Attention Map and a Position Attention Map which are stacked in the decoder network of UNet. The proposed DAM-UNet is compared with four baselines, namely fully convolutional network, PSPNet, LinkNet, and traditional UNet. The proposed DAM-UNet outperforms the four baselines, as demonstrated empirically. Moreover, the EG-Oil Spill dataset includes a large set of SAR images with 3000 image pairs. The obtained overall accuracy of the proposed method increased by 3.2% and reaches 94.2% compared with that of the traditional UNet. The study opens new development ideas for integrating attention modules into other deep learning tasks, including machine translation, image-based analysis, action recognition, and speech recognition.
Changes in Nigeria’s enabling environment for nutrition from 2008 to 2019 and challenges for reducing malnutrition
Authors: Adeyemi Olutayo , van den Bold Mara , Nisbett Nicholas , Covic Namukolo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractKey 2025 global nutrition targets are unlikely to be met at current rates of progress. Although actions necessary to reduce undernutrition are already mostly known, knowledge gaps remain about how to implement these actions in contextually appropriate ways, and at scales commensurate with the magnitude of the problem. This study describes the nutrition enabling environment in Nigeria, a country that contributes significantly to the global undernutrition burden, and identifies potential entry points for improving the enabling environment that could facilitate implementation and scale-up of essential intervention coverage. Study data were obtained from two sources: content analysis of 48 policies/strategies from agriculture, economic, education, environment, health, nutrition, and water/sanitation/hygiene sectors; and interviews at federal level (16) and in two states (Jigawa (10) and Kaduna (9) States). The study finds that aspects of the enabling environment improved between 2008 and 2019 and facilitated improvements in implementation of nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive interventions. Enabling environment components that improved included the framing of nutrition as a multisectoral issue, nutrition advocacy, political attention, evidence around intervention coverage, civil society involvement, and activity of nutrition champions. These factors have been especially important in creating and sustaining momentum for addressing malnutrition. While challenges remain in these aspects, greater challenges persist for factors needed to convert momentum into improvements in nutrition outcomes. Research and data that facilitate shared understanding of nutrition; improved multisectoral and vertical coordination; increased and improved delivery and operational capacity; and increased resource mobilization will be especially important for achieving future progress in nutrition in Nigeria.
Evolution of energy and nutrient supply in Zambia (1961–2013) in the context of policy, political, social, economic, and climatic changes
Authors: Kapulu Ndashe Philemon , Clark Heather , Manda Simon , Smith Harriet Elizabeth , Orfila Caroline , Macdiarmid Jennie I. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn adequate supply of energy, micronutrients and macronutrients is essential to achieve food and nutrition security to prevent malnutrition. Socio-economic, political, and climatic events, however, can affect the supply of food and nutrients. We assessed country-level supply trends of food and nutrients and their sources within the context of policy changes and political, socio-economic and climatic events from 1961 to 2013 in Zambia. Due to the lack of national food consumption data, food supply data from the FAO food balance sheets, matched to food composition tables, were used to estimate the energy, macronutrient and micronutrient content of 264 food items available to Zambia. We calculated historical nutrient supplies based on demographic characteristics and population-level dietary requirements. Results showed that Zambia was nutrition insecure from 1961 to 2013 for key micronutrients vitamin A, folate, riboflavin, vitamin B12, calcium, zinc, iron, and energy-deficient from the late-1980s. The diet has not substantially changed over time, with maize being the dominant food source. However, refined energy-dense food has steadily increased in the diet coupled with a reduction in fibre. These nutrient supply and dietary pattern trends coincide with specific socio-economic, policy, political, and climatic events from the 1970s to the early-mid 2000s, such as population growth, maize subsidy and crop diversification policies, regime change and drought. This study shows how policy, political and climatic events have been central features shaping nutrient supplies and the consequences for nutrition security. The study provides a context to inform future food policies to improve food and nutrition security.
Exploiting Virgin Olive Oil By-products Using Hydrodistillation
Authors: Spadi Agnese , Angeloni Giulia , Cecchi Lorenzo , Corti Ferdinando , Balli Diletta , Guerrini Lorenzo , Calamai Luca , Parenti Alessandro , Masella Piernicola 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVirgin olive oil processing results in a large amount of biomass (leaves, pomace, stones and wastewater) during harvesting, pruning and production. In recent years, these by-products have been studied as possible sources of bioactive compounds, and several techniques have been developed, including microwave, ultrasound, subcritical extraction, high hydrostatic pressure, a pulsed electric field, and high-voltage electrical discharge. However, these techniques can be expensive, and may require specialized staff to implement them. Therefore, this study proposes a novel method. Hydrodistillation is a simple and fast technique that can recover valuable compounds from olive oil biomasses. As it uses water as a solvent, it is sustainable, does not harm the environment, and is compatible with industrial practice. This paper presents the results of a hydrodistillation experiment on olive leaves, olive pomace and olive stones. Two fractions were obtained: a “phytocomplex” fraction from inside the boiler, and a “hydrolate” fraction from inside the condenser column. HPLC–DAD–MS and GC–MS analyses characterized and differentiated these two fractions. In general, more bioactive compounds, notably phenolic, were recovered from the phytocomplex fraction than the hydrolate fraction. Total phenolic compounds (mgtyr/kgoil) in the phytocomplex fraction were 11903.51, 4007.33, and 2469.42 mgtyr/kgoil for olive leaves, olive pomace and olive stone, while in the hydrolate fraction they were 67.67, 1.98, and 29.05 mgtyr/kgoil, respectively. Furthermore, interesting phenolic compounds typical of Olea europaea L. were found for both matrices. The main families were phenolic alcohols, secoiridoids and flavonoids. In particular, oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, and tyrosol were recovered from the phytocomplex fraction of leaves and pomace. Finally, the analysis revealed higher amounts of volatile compounds in the hydrolate fraction than the phytocomplex fraction for leaves, stone and pomace. The main class of compounds were esters, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, terpenes, phenols and their derivatives.
Graphical Abstract
The Transcendental Argument for Universal Mineness: A Critique
Authors: Wehinger Daniel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe claim that phenomenal consciousness essentially involves self-consciousness, in the sense of mineness, has gained momentum in recent years. In this paper, I discuss the main non-phenomenological, theoretical argument for this claim: the so-called “transcendental argument” for universal mineness (Zahavi 2018, p. 711), which, in essence, corresponds to Shoemaker’s critique of the perceptual model of self-consciousness. I point out the potential of the transcendental argument, but most importantly its limitations. And I show that, even if successful, the argument cannot vindicate the claim of an essential connection between phenomenal consciousness and self-consciousness. Since the transcendental argument is depicted as the “central argument” for universal mineness (Zahavi 2018, p. 711), I contend that, in view of its failure, the claim that all of my experiences have to be given to me as mine, all of your experiences have to be given to you as yours, etc., appears insufficiently substantiated. The idea that there is an essential connection between phenomenal consciousness and self-consciousness must be called into question.
Local invariants of divergence-free webs
Authors: Domitrz Wojciech , Zubilewicz Marcin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe objects of our study are webs in the geometry of volume-preserving diffeomorphisms. We introduce two local invariants of divergence-free webs: a differential one, directly related to the curvature of the natural connection of a divergence-free 2-web introduced by Tabachnikov (Diff Geom Appl 3:265-284, 1993), and a geometric one, inspired by the classical notion of planar 3-web holonomy defined by Blaschke and Bol (Geometrie der Gewebe. Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften, vol. 49. Springer, Berlin, 1938). We show that triviality of either of these invariants characterizes trivial divergence-free web-germs up to equivalence. We also establish some preliminary results regarding the full classification problem, which jointly generalize the theorem of Tabachnikov on normal forms of divergence-free 2-webs. They are used to provide a canonical form and a complete set of invariants of a generic divergence-free web in the planar case. Lastly, the relevance of local triviality conditions and their potential applications in numerical relativity are discussed.
TRIM59 promotes steatosis and ferroptosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via enhancing GPX4 ubiquitination
Authors: Zhang Jingxian , Xie Haina , Yao Jun , Jin Wenye , Pan Huijie , Pan Zhiqiang , Xie Dongyu , Xie Donghao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease around the world. However, no specific medicine has been approved for NAFLD treatment. Our study was conducted to explore the role and mechanism of TRIM59 in NAFLD, aiming to provide a novel target for NAFLD treatment. Here, the expression of TRIM family members was detected in 10 mild and severe NAFLD tissues as well as 10 normal tissues. TRIM59 expression was verified in 10 normal tissues and 25 mild and severe NAFLD tissues. Palmitic acid and high-fatty diet were used for the construction of NAFLD models. Oil Red O staining was used to detect the level of steatosis. The content of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 was measured to reflect the level of inflammation. Lipid reactive oxygen species was estimated by flow cytometry. We found that TRIM59 was highly expressed in NAFLD tissues compared with normal liver tissues. The inhibition of TRIM59 could inhibit the steatosis and inflammation in NAFLD, whereas its overexpression exhibited reversed effects. The application of ferroptosis inhibitor, deferoxamine, could markedly ameliorate steatosis and inflammation, which was mediated by overexpressed TRIM59. Besides, TRIM59 was demonstrated to interact with GPX4 and promoted its ubiquitination. The overexpression of GPX4 could significantly reverse the pathogenic effects of TRIM59 in NAFLD. Additionally, the inhibition of TRIM59 appeared to be a promising strategy to ameliorate NAFLD in mice model. In summary, our study revealed that TRIM59 could promote steatosis and ferroptosis in NAFLD via enhancing GPX4 ubiquitination. TRIM59 could be a potential target for NAFLD treatment.
A Field Study Update on Organizational Satanism and Setianism in the United States
Authors: Foertsch Steven 
Published: November 2022

Background With recent attention to the organizational dynamics of contemporary Satanism, updated information on Satanic and Setian organizations is imperative for the field. Purpose The purpose of this research note is to update the literature surrounding Satanism and Setianism with new organizational and administrative information, which will help scholars studying these groups in developing new theoretical frameworks and interpretations. Methods A snowball sample interview, participant observation, and ethnographic study was conducted. In person field work was done primarily in Austin, TX, and New York, NY, where occult bookstores, wicca stores, online group pages/forums, Satanic gatherings, and goth clothing shops were frequented for a portrayal of “lived Satanism.” Results Findings elaborate on the authority structures of five Satanic and Setian organizations, and a long considered defunct Satanic group called the Church of Satanic Brotherhood is uncovered. Participants also elaborate on the previous schisms within the Satanic niche. Conclusions and Implications Field note recommendations are given to future researchers working in Satanic studies. The organizational findings inform future research and theoretical innovations, including religious organization ecology (ROE) theory.