bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the far‐field sampling strategies for reliable Bayesian compressive diagnosis of planar arrays
Authors: Salucci Marco 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDealing with the detection of the faulty elements of planar antenna arrays with a probabilistic Bayesian compressive sensing (BCS) approach, a key asset for the reliable prediction of the actual status of the antenna under test is the sampling strategy to remotely collect the far‐field (FF) data. The aim of this letter is to provide insights into the effectiveness and the reliability of different FF sampling strategies to collect the input data for a state‐of‐the‐art array diagnosis method based on a multitask BCS technique. Representative results are shown to verify the impact of each sampling strategy on the achievable reconstructions.
Salient deformable network for abdominal multiorgan registration
Authors: Rao Yi , Zhou Yihao , Wang Yi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundImage registration has long been an active research area in the society of medical image computing, which is to perform spatial transformation between a pair of images and establish a point‐wise correspondence to achieve spatial consistency.PurposePrevious work mainly focused on learning complicated deformation fields by maximizing the global‐level (i.e., foreground plus background) image similarity. We argue that taking the background similarity into account may not be a good solution, if we only seek the accurate alignment of target organs/regions in real clinical practice.MethodsWe, therefore, propose a novel concept of and introduce a novel deformable network equipped with a saliency module. Specifically, a multitask learning‐based saliency module is proposed to discriminate the salient regions‐of‐registration in a semisupervised manner. Then, our deformable network analyzes the intensity and anatomical similarity of salient regions, and finally conducts the salient deformable registration.ResultsWe evaluate the efficacy of the proposed network on challenging abdominal multiorgan CT scans. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed registration network outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art methods, achieving a mean Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 40.2%, Hausdorff distance (95 HD) of 20.8 mm, and average symmetric surface distance (ASSD) of 4.58 mm. Moreover, even by training using one labeled data, our network can still attain satisfactory registration performance, with a mean DSC of 39.2%, 95 HD of 21.2 mm, and ASSD of 4.78 mm.ConclusionsThe proposed network provides an accurate solution for multiorgan registration and has the potential to be used for improving other registration applications. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/Rrrfrr/Salient‐Deformable‐Network.
Performance evaluation of side‐by‐side optically coupled monolithic LYSO crystals
Authors: Freire Marta , Echegoyen Sara , Gonzalez‐Montoro Andrea , Sanchez Filomeno , Gonzalez Antonio J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundSignificant interest has been recently shown for using monolithic scintillation crystals in molecular imaging systems, such as positron emission tomography (PET) scanners. Monolithic‐based PET scanners result in a lower cost and higher sensitivity, in contrast to systems based on the more conventional pixellated configuration. The monolithic design allows one to retrieve depth‐of‐interaction information of the impinging 511 keV photons without the need for additional hardware materials or complex positioning algorithms. However, the so‐called edge‐effect inherent to monolithic‐based approaches worsens the detector performance toward the crystal borders due to the truncation of the light distribution, thus decreasing positioning accuracy.PurposeThe main goal of this work is to experimentally demonstrate the detector performance improvement when machine‐learning artificial neural‐network (NN) techniques are applied for positioning estimation in multiple monolithic scintillators optically coupled side‐by‐side.MethodsIn this work, we show the performance evaluation of two LYSO crystals of 33 × 25.4 × 10 mm3optically coupled by means of a high refractive index adhesive compound (Meltmount, refractive indexn = 1.70). A 12 × 12 silicon photomultiplier array has been used as photosensor. For comparison, the same detector configuration was tested for two additional coupling cases: (1) optical grease (n = 1.46) in between crystals, and (2) isolated crystals using black paint with an air gap at the interface (named standard configuration). Regarding 2D photon positioning (XY plane), we have tested two different methods: (1) a machine‐learning artificial NN algorithm and (2) a squared‐charge (SC) centroid technique.ResultsAt the interface region of the detector, the SC method achieved spatial resolutions of 1.7 ± 0.3, 2.4 ± 0.3, and 2.6 ± 0.4 mm full‐width at half‐maximum (FWHM) for the Meltmount, grease, and standard configurations, respectively. These values improve to 1.0 ± 0.2, 1.2 ± 0.2, and 1.2 ± 0.3 mm FWHM when the NN algorithm was employed. Regarding energy performance, resolutions of 18 ± 2%, 20 ± 2%, and 23 ± 3% were obtained at the interface region of the detector for Meltmount, grease, and standard configurations, respectively.ConclusionsThe results suggest that optically coupling together scintillators with a high refractive index adhesive, in combination with an NN algorithm, reduces edge‐effects and makes it possible to build scanners with almost no gaps in between detectors.
On Elegant Solutions in PRE: Moment Equations for the Chain Length Distribution of Coordination Polyolefins
Authors: Soares João B. P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe method of moments has been used for a long time to describe the chain length averages of polymers made via different mechanism. This article describes a mathematical analysis method to derive the simplest general expression for the moments of the chain length distribution of linear polyolefins made with single‐site‐type coordination catalysts. It also shows how to use this general solution for polyolefins made with multiple‐site‐type coordination catalysts. More importantly, this article advocates the use of elegant solutions in polymerization reaction engineering, which are deceivingly simple mathematical equations that capture the most essential information about complex polymerization systems. Elegant solutions shine more light on the phenomena they are modeling than more complex and computational demanding methods.
Dietary Sodium Butyrate Supplementation Attenuates the Detrimental Effects of High-Fat Diets on Growth Performance, Liver Health, and Disease Resistance in Grass Carp
Authors: Gao Shiyang , Zhao Xiaoyu , Niu Ben , Chang Kuo , Chen Weijun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
An 8-week experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of sodium butyrate (NaBT) inclusion in high-fat (HF) diets on growth performance, liver health, and disease resistance in Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. Three diets (Control diet containing crude lipid at 58 g/kg, HF diet with 108-g/kg crude lipid, and NaBT diet with 108-g/kg crude lipid and 1-g/kg NaBT) were randomly assigned to nine tanks with 30 fish (9.50 ± 0.06 g) in each tank. After the feeding trial, disease resistance was assessed by injecting the fish with Aeromonas hydrophila. Compared to the Control diet group, the HF diet group showed lower specific growth rate, feed efficiency, and survival rate (15.7%) after the A. hydrophila challenge; significantly higher activity levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in plasma; higher malondialdehyde content; higher messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of interleukin-8, cysteinyl aspartate specific protease (caspase) 9, and caspase 3; lower activity level of glutathione peroxidase; and lower mRNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in liver. However, the NaBT diet significantly increased fish growth performance and survival rate (39.7%) after the A. hydrophila challenge and reduced hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis compared to the HF diet. In conclusion, NaBT can ameliorate the detrimental effects of HF diets on fish growth performance and fish health.
Establishment to measure oxycodone in plasma with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Ito Suguru , Mori Masato , Matsuo Momoka , Yamasaki Rio , Oida Yasuhisa , Soda Midori , Kitaichi Kiyoyuki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOxycodone (OXY) is classified as a “strong opioid” in the World Health Organization system of cancer pain treatment. However, OXY also causes severe adverse reactions, such as respiratory depression. Thus, in order to adjust the dosage of OXY for well‐managed pain relief with less toxicity, we tried establishing and validating a system for measuring plasma concentrations of OXY using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Human pooled plasma samples containing OXY diluted with 0.1% formic acid solution and internal standard (papaverine) were used for solid‐phase extraction. The eluents were injected into LC–MS/MS with Unison UK‐Silica column (100 × 2 mm, 3 μm, Imtakt). Mobile phase was a mixture of 1 mM ammonium formate solution and acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid (50:50). OXY in plasma could be measurable with good linearity in a concentration range of 2–100 ng/ml by using 100 μl of plasma within 4 min. Relative standard deviations of all validation results were within ±15%. These results suggest that our established method using LC–MS/MS to measure OXY in plasma would be useful to adjust the dosage of OXY in order to obtain its efficacy and to avoid its adverse reactions.
Electropalatographic study of connected speech in lateral misarticulation
Authors: Takei Yoshiko , Yamashita Yukari , Mori Kimie , Tatara Hiroko , Hasegawa Kazuko , Nozue Shinji , Ihara Yoshiaki , Harada Yuka , Takahashi Koji 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimLateral misarticulation (LM) is a speech sound disorder in which air escapes laterally during speech. In LM speech therapy, errors often remain in conversational speech, even when single syllables are produced correctly. However, previous studies have used syllables, words, and phrases as speech samples and have not analyzed conversational speech. In this study, electropalatography (EPG) was used to observe tongue–palate contact patterns in a sentence that is similar to conversational speech and thereby clarify the articulatory dynamics of LM in connected speech.MethodsThe participants included 30 patients with LM and 10 typical speakers. Tongue–palate contact patterns were recorded simultaneously with speech sounds. A global pattern (GP) for each participant was created by accumulating all the EPG patterns during the sentence production. The contact rates of cumulative global patterns (CGP) for each group were examined.ResultsThe GP for each participant revealed that typical speakers displayed continuous contact in the bilateral posterolateral region and less contact in the central region, whereas patients with LM exhibited less contact in the posterolateral region and more contact in the central region. The CGP for each group indicated that the LM group tended to have a lower contact rate in the posterolateral region and a higher contact rate in the anterior‐central region than the typical group.ConclusionLateral bracing in the posterolateral region and groove formation in the central region are important for patients with LM to consistently produce correct sounds in connected speech.
Novel mosquito repellent fiber mat containing nepeta essential oil prepared by coaxial electrospinning
Authors: Zhang Zhongkai , Yang Kongtan , Han Xiao , Yu Xiaobin , Cheng Zhiqiang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNepeta essential oil (NEO) is considered to have good mosquito repellent properties, the poor stability of which limits the application. This work was aimed at using coaxial electrospinning technology to wrap NEO into Polylactic acid (PLA) fibers to extend the service life of NEO. Under the best test conditions, NEO load capacity (LC) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) is (20.20 ± 0.35%) and (84.18 ± 1.46%), respectively. According to morphology analysis, the concentration of PLA solution and the flow rate of NEO will affect the morphology and properties of the fibers, and the minimum average diameter of the obtained fibers is 740 nm. Release test indicates that using coaxial electrospinning technology can significantly slow down the NEO release rate, in the mosquito avoidance test, the coaxial fiber mat maintained about 80% mosquito repellent rate within 72 h, which is superior to the commercially available N,N‐diethyl‐3‐methylbenzamide (DEET) repellent, indicating its potential in the field of mosquito repellent.
Positron annihilation lifetime study of subnano level free volume features of grafted polymer electrolyte membranes for hydrogen fuel cell applications
Authors: Tap Tran Duy , Long Tran Hoang , Hieu Dinh Tran Trong , Hao Lam Hoang , Phuong Huynh Truc , Luan Le Quang , Van Man Tran 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe subnano level free‐volume hole features of poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PSSA) grafted poly(ethylene‐co‐tetrafluoroethylene) polymer electrolyte membranes (ETFE‐PEMs) are investigated using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). The hole sizes are formed mainly at the graft‐polymerization step and are not altered dramatically at the sulfonation. With increasing grafting degree, τ4, standing for the annihilation of ortho‐positronium (o‐Ps) in the larger free‐volume holes of the mobile amorphous layers and the PSSA grafts outside of the lamellae, decreases monotonously, whereas τ3, representing for that in the smaller free‐volume holes of the lamellar amorphous regions, the PSSA grafts, and the interface zones inside the lamellae, only shows a slight decrease. From the viewpoint of free‐volume hole sizes, gas molecules are predicted to pass dominantly through the mobile amorphous phases and the PSSA grafts outside of the lamellae. Specifically, the limited hole concentration induced by confining lamellae at the interfacial zones is observed. Thus, the obtained results are associated with a significant reduction of gas passing and the moderate or higher tensile strength for the ETFE‐PEMs in comparison to Nafion‐212.
Thrombosis and hemorrhage experienced by hospitalized children with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection or MIS‐C: Results of the PICNIC registry
Authors: Tehseen Sarah , Williams Suzan , Robinson Joan , Morris Shaun K. , Bitnun Ari , Gill Peter , Tal Tala El , Yeh Ann , Yea Carmen , Ulloa‐Gutierrez Rolando , Brenes‐Chacon Helena , Yock‐Corrales Adriana , Ivankovich‐Escoto Gabriela , Soriano‐Fallas Alejandra , Papenburg Jesse , Lefebvre Marie‐Astrid , Scuccimarri Rosie , Nateghian Alireza , Aski Behzad Haghighi , Dwilow Rachel , Bullard Jared , Cooke Suzette , Restivo Lea , Lopez Alison , Sadarangani Manish , Roberts Ashley , Forbes Michelle , Saux Nicole Le , Bowes Jennifer , Purewal Rupeena , Lautermilch Janell , Bayliss Ann , Wong Jacqueline K. , Leifso Kirk , Foo Cheryl , Panetta Luc , Kakkar Fatima , Piche Dominique , Viel‐Theriault Isabelle , Merckx Joanna , Lieberman Lani 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionCoagulopathy and thrombosis associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection are well defined in hospitalized adults and leads to adverse outcomes. Pediatric studies are limited.MethodsAn international multicentered (n = 15) retrospective registry collected information on the clinical manifestations of SARS‐CoV‐2 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS‐C) in hospitalized children from February 1, 2020 through May 31, 2021. This sub‐study focused on coagulopathy. Study variables included patient demographics, comorbidities, clinical presentation, hospital course, laboratory parameters, management, and outcomes.ResultsNine hundred eighty‐five children were enrolled, of which 915 (93%) had clinical information available; 385 (42%) had symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, 288 had MIS‐C (31.4%), and 242 (26.4%) had SARS‐CoV‐2 identified incidentally. Ten children (1%) experienced thrombosis, 16 (1.7%) experienced hemorrhage, and two (0.2%) experienced both thrombosis and hemorrhage. Significantly prevalent prothrombotic comorbidities included congenital heart disease (p‐value .007), respiratory support (p‐value .006), central venous catheter (CVC) (p = .04) in children with primary SARS‐CoV‐2 and in those with MIS‐C included respiratory support (p‐value .03), obesity (p‐value .002), and cytokine storm (p = .012). Comorbidities prevalent in children with hemorrhage included age >10 years (p = .04), CVC (p = .03) in children with primary SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and in those with MIS‐C encompassed thrombocytopenia (p = .001) and cytokine storm (p = .02). Eleven patients died (1.2%), with no deaths attributed to thrombosis or hemorrhage.ConclusionThrombosis and hemorrhage are uncommon events in children with SARS‐CoV‐2; largely experienced by those with pre‐existing comorbidities. Understanding the complete spectrum of coagulopathy in children with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection requires ongoing research.
The role of prenatal exposure to antidepressants, anxiolytic, and hypnotics and its underlying illness on the risk of miscarriage using BIFAP database
Authors: Kitchin Álvaro , Huerta Consuelo , Llorente‐García Ana , Martínez David , Ortega Paloma , Cea‐Soriano Lucía 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeDespite the notable increase on the prescription of antidepressants and anxiolytics during pregnancy, recommendation on maintaining the treatment during prenatal period is still controversial. We aimed to separately assess the role of effects of the antidepressants and anxiolytic and the underlying illness, controlled by potential confounding associated with miscarriage onset.MethodsWe used data from a validated pregnant cohort aged 15–49 years from 2002 to 2016 using BIFAP database. All confirmed miscarriages were used to perform a nested control analysis using conditional logistic regression. Women were classified according to use of each drug of interest into four mutually exclusive groups: nonusers, users only during prepregnancy, continuers, and initiators during first trimester. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for major confounders during pregnancy such as number of visits to primary care practitioners visits, obesity, smoking, HTA, diabetes with 95% confidence intervals were calculated.ResultsCompared with nonusers, antidepressants continuers had the highest increased risk of miscarriage aOR (95%) of 1.29 (1.13–1.46), being continuers of paroxetine and fluoxetine the antidepressants with the strongest association. Likewise, continuers of anxiolytics and initiators showed an increased risk of 1.19 (1.04–1.37) and 1.30 (1.13–1.50). When separating the effect between the condition itself or the treatment, women exposed during first trimester, regardless treatment duration and/or the underlying illness, had the highest risk 1.27 (1.08–1.51) for antidepressants and 1.25 (1.13–1.39) for anxiolytics.ConclusionsOur analysis showed an association between prenatal exposure to antidepressants and anxiolytics and miscarriage onset after controlling by potential confounding adjusting for confounders and the underlying illness. This association was not supported for hypnotic medications. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the risk of miscarriage among subpopulation of pregnant women requiring these medications.
Systematically exploring repurposing effects of antihypertensives
Authors: Shahn Zach , Spear Phoebe , Lu Helen , Jiang Sharon , Zhang Suki , Deshmukh Neil , Xu Shenbo , Ng Kenney , Welsch Roy , Finkelstein Stan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith availability of voluminous sets of observational data, an empirical paradigm to screen for drug repurposing opportunities (i.e., beneficial effects of drugs on nonindicated outcomes) is feasible. In this article, we use a linked claims and electronic health record database to comprehensively explore repurposing effects of antihypertensive drugs. We follow a target trial emulation framework for causal inference to emulate randomized controlled trials estimating confounding adjusted effects of antihypertensives on each of 262 outcomes of interest. We then fit hierarchical models to the results as a form of postprocessing to account for multiple comparisons and to sift through the results in a principled way. Our motivation is twofold. We seek both to surface genuinely intriguing drug repurposing opportunities and to elucidate through a real application some study design decisions and potential biases that arise in this context.
Proteomic alterations in extracellular vesicles induced by oncogenic PIK3CA mutations
Authors: Saraswat Mayank , Garapati Kishore , Kim Jinyong , Budhraja Rohit , Pandey Akhilesh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPIK3CA is one of the most frequently mutated genes in human cancers, with the two most prevalent activating mutations being E545K and H1047R. Although the altered intracellular signaling pathways in these cells have been described, the effect of these mutations on their extracellular vesicles (EVs) has not yet been reported. To study altered cellular physiology and intercellular communication through proteomic analysis of EVs, MCF10A cells and their isogenic mutant versions (PIK3CA E545K and H1047R) were cultured and their EVs enriched by differential ultracentrifugation. Proteins were extracted, digested with trypsin and the peptides labeled with tandem mass tag (TMT) reagents and analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). Four thousand six hundred and fifty‐five peptides were identified from 579 proteins of which 522 proteins have been previously described in EVs. Relative quantitation revealed altered levels of EV proteins including several cell adhesion molecules. Mesothelin, E‐cadherin, and epithelial cell adhesion molecule were elevated in both mutant cell‐derived EVs. Markers of tumor invasion and progression like galectin‐3 and transforming growth factor beta induced protein were increased in both mutants. Overall, activating mutations in PIK3CA result in altered EV composition with characteristic changes associated with these hotspot mutations.
Degradation‐based reliability analysis of magnetic jack type control rod drive mechanism
Authors: Yu Tianda , Wu Hao , Chen Xinan , Tang Jiankai , Fu Guo‐Zhong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe magnetic jack type control rod drive mechanism (CRDM) is the key actuator in the nuclear power plant reactor. The latch assembly of the CRDM acts as the execution component to lift, insert, and release the control rod assembly to accomplish the reactor startup, power regulation, and shutdown, etc. The accuracy and the timeliness of CRDM latch assembly action will directly determine the safety operation of the reactor. Considering the time variation of the structural strength deterioration in the latch assembly, the time‐dependent reliability of CRDM's lift action is evaluated based on the Gamma degradation process. P‐S‐N curve is introduced to model the shape function and the scale parameter of the Gamma process. The stress subjected to the key structure of the latch assembly is calculated by a multi‐physics field coupling simulation scheme with utilization of MATLAB to transfer simulated results between the ANSYS and ADAMS software. Finally, the time‐dependent reliability is calculated based on the Monte Carlo simulation method. In this paper, the lift pole thread of the assembly is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.