bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemotherapy treatment safety under parallel needle deflection
Authors: Andrade Daniella L. L. S. , Guedert Raul , Pintarelli Guilherme B. , Rangel Marcelo M. M. , Oliveira Krishna D. , Quadros Priscila G. , Suzuki Daniela O. H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractElectrochemotherapy is a selective electrical-based cancer treatment. A thriving treatment depends on the local electric field generated by pairs of electrodes. Electrode damage as deflection can directly affect this treatment pillar, the distribution of the electric field. Mechanical deformations such as tip misshaping and needle deflection are reported with needle electrode reusing in veterinary electrochemotherapy. We performed in vitro and in silico experiments to evaluate potential problems with ESOPE type II electrode deflection and potential treatment pitfalls. We also investigated the extent to which the electric currents of the electroporation model can describe deflection failure by comparing in vitro with the in silico model of potato tuber (Solanum tuberosum). The in silico model was also performed with the tumor electroporation model, which is more conductive than the vegetal model. We do not recommend using deflected electrodes. We have found that a deflection of ± 2 mm is unsafe for treatment. Inward deflection can cause dangerous electrical current levels when treating a tumor and cannot be described with the in silico vegetal model. Outward deflection can cause blind spots in the electric field.
ACC-BLA functional connectivity disruption in allergic inflammation is associated with anxiety
Authors: Gholami-Mahtaj Leila , Mooziri Morteza , Dehdar Kolsoum , Abdolsamadi Maryam , Salimi Morteza , Raoufy Mohammad Reza 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAllergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease. Psychiatric disorders, including anxiety are associated with poorer treatment response and disease control in asthmatic patients. To date, there is no experimental evidence describing the role of peripheral inflammation on the oscillatory activities in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA), two major brain structures modulating anxiety. In the present work we evaluated lung and brain inflammatory responses, anxiety-like behavior, in association with oscillatory features of the ACC-BLA circuit in an animal model of allergic inflammation. Our data showed that allergic inflammation induced anxiety-like behavior and reactivation of microglia and astrocytes in ACC and BLA. Allergic inflammation also enhanced neuronal activities and functional connectivity of the ACC-BLA circuit which were correlated with the level of anxiety. Together, we suggest that disruption in the dynamic oscillatory activities of the ACC-BLA circuit, maybe due to regional inflammation, is an underlying mechanism of allergic asthma-induced anxiety-like behavior. Our findings could pave the way for better understanding the neuro-pathophysiology of the psychiatric disorders observed in asthmatic patients, possibly leading to develop novel treatment strategies.
Development and validation of a model for soil wetting geometry under Moistube Irrigation
Authors: Dirwai T. L. , Senzanje A. , Mabhaudhi T. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe developed an empirical soil wetting geometry model for silty clay loam and coarse sand soils under a semi-permeable porous wall line source Moistube Irrigation (MTI) lateral irrigation. The model was developed to simulate vertical and lateral soil water movement using the Buckingham pi (π) theorem. This study was premised on a hypothesis that soil hydraulic properties influence soil water movement under MTI. Two independent, but similar experiments, were conducted to calibrate and validate the model using MTI lateral placed at a depth of 0.2 m below the soil surface in a soil bin with a continuous water supply (150 kPa). Soil water content was measured every 5 min for 100 h using MPS-2 sensors. Model calibration showed that soil texture influenced water movement ($$p$$
p
< 0.05) and showed a good fit for wetted widths and depths for both soils ($$nRMSE$$

nRMSE

= 0.5–10%; $$NSE \ge$$

N
S
E
≥

0.50; and d-index $$\ge$$
≥
0.50. The percentage bias $$\left( {PBIAS} \right)$$

PBIAS

statistic revealed that the models’ under-estimated wetted depth after 24 h by 21.9% and 3.9% for silty clay loam and sandy soil, respectively. Sensitivity analysis revealed agreeable models’ performance values. This implies the model's applicability for estimating wetted distances for an MTI lateral placed at 0.2 m and MTI operating pressure of 150 kPa. We concluded that the models are prescriptive and should be used to estimate wetting geometries for conditions under which they were developed. Further experimentation under varying scenarios for which MTI would be used, including field conditions, is needed to further validate the model and establish robustness. MTI wetting geometry informs placement depth for optimal irrigation water usage.
Tumor stromal nicotinamide N-methyltransferase overexpression as a prognostic biomarker for poor clinical outcome in early-stage colorectal cancer
Authors: Ogawa Makiko , Tanaka Atsushi , Namba Kei , Shia Jinru , Wang Julia Y. , Roehrl Michael H. A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn a quest for prognostic biomarkers in early-stage colorectal cancer, we investigated NNMT (nicotinamide N-methyltransferase) in large cohorts of patients. Immunohistochemical examination of 679 patients illustrates that NNMT protein is predominantly expressed in the cancer stroma at varying levels, and about 20% of cancer tissues overexpress NNMT when compared to levels observed in normal colorectal mucosa. Clinical correlation analyses of 572 patients with early-stage cancers reveal that NNMT protein overexpression is significantly associated with shorter overall and disease-free survival, but no such correlation is found in late-stage colorectal cancer. Analyses of TCGA and CPTAC colorectal cancer cohorts show that NNMT mRNA expression is positively correlated with protein levels, is significantly higher in CIMP-high or MSI subtypes than in CIMP-low or MSS subtypes, and is positively correlated with its paralog INMT but not with its interaction partners such as PNMT, ADK, APP, ATF6, BMF, BRD4, CDC37, or CRYZ. In early-stage cancers, NNMT expression is higher in BRAF-mutated than in BRAF wild type tumors but is not affected by KRAS or PIK3CA mutation status. As a cancer stromal protein with important roles in metabolism and cancer epigenetics, NNMT is emerging as a promising biomarker for risk stratification of early-stage cancers.
Water quality change and pollution source accounting of Licun River under long-term governance
Authors: Zhang Minghui , Wang Lin , Mu Chunxia , Huang Xuda 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUrbanization and human activities have exerted a tremendous adverse influence on the water quality of the Licun River, Qingdao, China. In order to restore the water quality, a succession of measures have been carried out since 1996, mainly encompassing flood controlling, sewage intercepting and watercourse greening (before 2007), watercourse and point source control based on administrative region (2008–2017), as well as the comprehensive governance based on river basin (after 2018). In 2019, the amount of discharged industrial wastewater, chemical oxygen demand, and ammonia nitrogen decreased by 53.91%, 87.75% and 89.88%, respectively, compared with 2000. Such results indicate that continuous governance has achieved a quantitative effect, and that industrial discharge is not the main pollution source. In the present work, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient and river comprehensive pollution index methods were used to analyze the change trend of main pollutants. The water quality was improved continuously, and the reduction of total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen was the key to upgrading water quality. Afterward, the emission of pollution sources was accounted for from viewpoints of the point source, non-point source and sludge. Finally, suggestions were put forward to improve the water quality of the Licun River and provide some reference for the urban river management in northern China.
Local adaptation to climate anomalies relates to species phylogeny
Authors: Melero Yolanda , Evans Luke C. , Kuussaari Mikko , Schmucki Reto , Stefanescu Constantí , Roy David B. , Oliver Tom H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractClimatic anomalies are increasing in intensity and frequency due to rapid rates of global change, leading to increased extinction risk for many species. The impacts of anomalies are likely to vary between species due to different degrees of sensitivity and extents of local adaptation. Here, we used long-term butterfly monitoring data of 143 species across six European bioclimatic regions to show how species’ population dynamics have responded to local or globally-calculated climatic anomalies, and how species attributes mediate these responses. Contrary to expectations, degree of apparent local adaptation, estimated from the relative population sensitivity to local versus global anomalies, showed no associations with species mobility or reproductive rate but did contain a strong phylogenetic signal. The existence of phylogenetically-patterned local adaptation to climate has important implications for forecasting species responses to current and future climatic conditions and for developing appropriate conservation practices.
The season for large fires in Southern California is projected to lengthen in a changing climate
Authors: Dong Chunyu , Williams A. Park , Abatzoglou John T. , Lin Kairong , Okin Gregory S. , Gillespie Thomas W. , Long Di , Lin Yen-Heng , Hall Alex , MacDonald Glen M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSouthern California is a biodiversity hotspot and home to over 23 million people. Over recent decades the annual wildfire area in the coastal southern California region has not significantly changed. Yet how fire regime will respond to future anthropogenic climate change remains an important question. Here, we estimate wildfire probability in southern California at station scale and daily resolution using random forest algorithms and downscaled earth system model simulations. We project that large fire days will increase from 36 days/year during 1970–1999 to 58 days/year under moderate greenhouse gas emission scenario (RCP4.5) and 71 days/year by 2070–2099 under a high emission scenario (RCP8.5). The large fire season will be more intense and have an earlier onset and delayed end. Our findings suggest that despite the lack of a contemporary trend in fire regime, projected greenhouse gas emissions will substantially increase the fire danger in southern California by 2099.
Health in All Policies in der kommunalen Gesundheitsberichterstattung
im Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst
Authors: Kellermann Lisa , Szagun Bertram 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Arbeit Der Öffentliche Gesundheitsdienst kann als
administrativer politiknaher Akteur essenziell für die Umsetzung von
Health in All Policies auf kommunaler Ebene sein. Die landesgesetzlich
verankerte kommunale Gesundheitsberichterstattung als Grundlage für
Planungsprozesse kann hierfür eine potenziell zentrale Rolle spielen.
Untersucht werden soll, inwieweit kommunale Gesundheitsberichte durch
Integration weiterer Themenfelder und administrative Intersektoralität
einer solchen übergreifenden Rolle gerecht werden.
Methoden Auf Basis einer bundesweiten nonreaktiven Datenerhebung zur
kommunalen Gesundheitsberichterstattung wird eine quantitative Dokumentenanalyse
veröffentlichter Berichte durchgeführt (Zufallsstichprobe;
n=53). Der Integrationsgrad wird hinsichtlich methodisch-inhaltlicher
und intersektoraler Aspekte eingeordnet. Eine stratifizierte Analyse erfolgt
nach Gebietskörperschaftstyp, administrativer Ansiedlung des
Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes sowie Berichtstyp.
Ergebnisse Integration in Form von Daten mindestens zweier weiterer
Themenfelder findet sich in 29 Berichten (55%).
Intersektoralität ist in neun Berichten (17%) explizit erkennbar
und dabei überdurchschnittlich häufig in kreisfreien
Städten und Kinder-/Jugendberichten. Berichte zum
Infektionsschutz/Impfen sind unterdurchschnittlich integriert. Die
organisationale Ansiedlung mit den Handlungsfeldern Soziales und/oder
Jugend ist positiv mit dem Integrationsgrad assoziiert.
Schlussfolgerung Integrationsgrad und Intersektoralität der
kommunalen Gesundheitsberichterstattung sind aus der Perspektive von Health in
All Policies bisher als zu gering einzuschätzen. Entwicklungspotentiale
ergeben sich durch eine günstige organisationale Ansiedlung sowie die
Themenwahl, speziell im Feld Kinder- und Jugendgesundheit.
Cyber risk and cybersecurity: a systematic review of data availability
Authors: Cremer Frank , Sheehan Barry , Fortmann Michael , Kia Arash N. , Mullins Martin , Murphy Finbarr , Materne Stefan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCybercrime is estimated to have cost the global economy just under USD 1 trillion in 2020, indicating an increase of more than 50% since 2018. With the average cyber insurance claim rising from USD 145,000 in 2019 to USD 359,000 in 2020, there is a growing necessity for better cyber information sources, standardised databases, mandatory reporting and public awareness. This research analyses the extant academic and industry literature on cybersecurity and cyber risk management with a particular focus on data availability. From a preliminary search resulting in 5219 cyber peer-reviewed studies, the application of the systematic methodology resulted in 79 unique datasets. We posit that the lack of available data on cyber risk poses a serious problem for stakeholders seeking to tackle this issue. In particular, we identify a lacuna in open databases that undermine collective endeavours to better manage this set of risks. The resulting data evaluation and categorisation will support cybersecurity researchers and the insurance industry in their efforts to comprehend, metricise and manage cyber risks.
Maternal oral supplementation with citrulline increases plasma citrulline but not arginine in pregnant Merino ewes and neonatal lambs
Authors: McCarthy Niki , Brougham Billie-Jaye , Swinbourne Alyce M. , Weaver Alice C. , Kelly Jennifer M. , Gatford Kathryn L. , Kleemann David O. , van Wettere William H. E. J. 
Published: February 2022

Context Arginine supplementation can counter the negative effects of fetal growth restriction in ewes bearing multiple lambs by increasing birth weight and brown adipose fat stores in lambs; however ruminal degradation limits its bioavailability and necessitates ruminal protection. The arginine precursor citrulline increases circulating arginine after a single oral dose without ruminal protection, and bolus intravenous infusion of citrulline increases maternal and fetal circulating arginine for at least 4 h post infusion. Responses to oral and chronic citrulline have not, however, been evaluated in neonatal lambs. Aims This experiment sought to determine whether orally fed citrulline would increase circulating plasma concentrations of citrulline and arginine in pregnant Merino ewes. Methods Pregnant Merino ewes were fed citrulline (CIT, 8 g/day, n = 9) or no supplement (CON, n = 9) from Day 125 of gestation (DG 125) until parturition. Ewe (DG 125) and neonatal lamb serum (<2 h old) was analysed for circulating plasma citrulline and arginine concentrations. Key results Circulating concentrations of citrulline were higher in CIT than CON ewes 4 h post feeding at DG 125, and in CIT compared to CON neonatal lambs. Despite higher citrulline concentrations, supplementation did not increase maternal or neonatal circulating arginine concentrations. Conclusions Maternal supplementation with this dose of citrulline was not effective in increasing circulating levels of arginine. Implications Further studies may be merited in pregnant sheep to determine whether higher doses of oral citrulline can increase arginine availability during gestation.
The increasing added mass of a bouncing ball
Authors: Pantaleone J 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A sphere moving through a fluid has a larger inertia than one moving through a vacuum. This increase in the inertia from the fluid is known as the added mass. The added mass has a large effect on the acceleration of the sphere if the sphere has a low density, and if the sphere is near a solid boundary. These effects are studied here by measuring the acceleration due to gravity of beach balls, in air, as they bounce vertically on the floor. The measured accelerations are smaller when the ball is closer to the floor because the added mass is larger there. These measurements are used to calculate the added mass of a sphere as a function of distance from the floor. The results collapse to a curve that is independent of ball size, and generally agrees with the predictions for an ideal fluid.
Optical absorption spectroscopy of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in a surface dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Schücke Lars , Bodnar Arisa , Friedrichs Niklas , Böddecker Alexander , Peters Niklas , Ollegott Kevin , Oberste-Beulmann Christian , Wirth Philipp , Nguyen-Smith Ryan T , Korolov Ihor , Gibson Andrew R , Muhler Martin , Awakowicz Peter 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A twin surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) ignited in a dry synthetic air gas stream is studied regarding the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and their impact on the conversion of admixed n-butane. The discharge is driven by a damped sinusoidal voltage waveform at peak-to-peak amplitudes of 8 kVpp–13 kVpp and pulse repetition frequencies of 250 Hz–4000 Hz. Absolute densities of O3, NO2, NO3, as well as estimates of the sum of the densities of N2O4 and N2O5 are determined temporally resolved by means of optical absorption spectroscopy using a laser driven broadband light source, suitable interference filters, and a photodiode detector. The measured densities are acquired across the center of the reactor chamber as well as at the outlet of the chamber. The temporal and spatial evolution of the species’ densities is correlated to the conversion of n-butane at concentrations of 50 ppm and 400 ppm, measured by means of flame ionization detectors. The n-butane is admixed either before or after the reactor chamber, in order to separate the impact of short- and long-lived reactive species on the conversion process. It is found that, despite the stationary conversion at the selected operating points, at higher voltages and repetition frequencies the densities of the measured species are not in steady state. Based on the produced results it is presumed that the presence of n-butane modifies the formation and consumption pathways of O3. At the same time, there is no significant impact on the formation of dinitrogen oxides (N2O4 and N2O5). Furthermore, a comparatively high conversion of n-butane, when admixed at the outlet of the reactor chamber is observed. These findings are discussed together with known rate coefficients for the reactions of n-butane with selected RONS.
A tale of two kinds of exceptional point in a hydrogen molecule
Authors: Barman Himadri , Valliapan Suriyaa 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We study the parity and time-reversal

(

PT

)

symmetric quantum physics in a non-Hermitian non-relativistic hydrogen molecule with local (Hubbard type) Coulomb interaction. We consider non-Hermiticity generated from both kinetic and orbital energies of the atoms and encounter the existence of two different types of exceptional points (EPs) in pairs. These two kinds of EP are characteristically different and depend differently on the interaction strength. Our discovery may open the gates of a rich physics emerging out of a simple Hamiltonian resembling a two-site Hubbard model.
Urban working groups in the IAEA’s model testing programmes: overview from the MODARIA I and MODARIA II programmes
Authors: Thiessen Kathleen M , Boznar Marija Zlata , Charnock Thomas W , Chouhan Sohan L , Federspiel Lucia , Grašič Boštjan , Grsic Zoran , Helebrant Jan , Hettrich Sebastian , Hůlka Jiří , Hwang Won Tae , Kamboj Sunita , Korolevych Volodymyr , Kuča Petr , Lee Joeun , Mancini Francesco , Mlakar Primož , Patryl Luc , Pattantyús-Ábrahám Margit , Reisin Tamir , Sdouz Gert , Silva Kampanart , Takahara Shogo , Tay Bee Kiat , Walter Hartmut , Yankovich Tamara , Yu Charley 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The IAEA’s model testing programmes have included a series of Working Groups concerned with modelling radioactive contamination in urban environments. These have included the Urban Working Group of Validation of Environmental Model Predictions (1988–1994), the Urban Remediation Working Group of Environmental Modelling for Radiation Safety (EMRAS) (2003–2007), the Urban Areas Working Group of EMRAS II (2009–2011), the Urban Environments Working Group of (Modelling and Data for Radiological Impact Assessments) MODARIA I (2013–2015), and most recently, the Urban Exposures Working Group of MODARIA II (2016–2019). The overarching objective of these Working Groups has been to test and improve the capabilities of computer models used to assess radioactive contamination in urban environments, including dispersion and deposition processes, short-term and long-term redistribution of contaminants following deposition events, and the effectiveness of various countermeasures and other protective actions, including remedial actions, in reducing contamination levels, human exposures, and doses to humans. This paper describes the exercises conducted during the MODARIA I and MODARIA II programmes. These exercises have included short-range and mid-range atmospheric dispersion exercises based on data from field tests or tracer studies, hypothetical urban dispersion exercises, and an exercise based on data collected after the Fukushima Daiichi accident. Improvement of model capabilities will lead to improvements in assessing various contamination scenarios (real or hypothetical), and in turn, to improved decision-making and communication with the public following a nuclear or radiological emergency.
Shocks and solitons in collisional dense laser produced plasmas
Authors: Shilpa S , Pai Divya D , Michael Manesh , Venugopal C , Gopinath Pramod 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The characteristics of nonlinear electron-acoustic waves such as shocks and solitons, are investigated in a three component, dense laser produced plasma consisting of ions and two distinct groups of electrons, using the quantum hydrodynamic model and the standard reductive perturbation method. The modified Korteweg-deVries (mKdV) and Korteweg-deVries-Burgers (KdVB) equations have been derived for the electron-acoustic waves in the plasma. The dependence of both shocks and solitons on various parameters has been extensively studied. It is observed that whenever the density crosses the limit from the classical to the quantum range, the effective potential remains invariant for the solitary profiles; but shows a slight variation for the shock profiles. The collisional effect plays a significant role in the dissipation of solitary waves and the dissipation is larger for higher values of collision frequencies. The results obtained could prove helpful for understanding the parametric dependence of nonlinear waves in highly intense laser plasma interactions.