bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photo‐Enhanced Resistive Switching Effect in High‐Performance MAPbI3 Memristors
Authors: Liu Zehen , Cheng Pengpeng , Kang Ruyan , Zhou Jian , Zhao Xian , Zhao Jia , Zuo Zhiyuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) requires processing vast amounts of complex information, which has accelerated the exploration of neuromorphic computing systems. Artificial neuromorphic synapses based on memristors of organic–inorganic halide perovskites (OHPs) potentially exploit a niche area for brain‐inspired neuromorphic computing, which can be operated as biological synapses to realize signal processing. Here, MAPbI3‐based memristors with reliable resistance states triggered by electric fields or photons are reported. A model for resistive switching (RS) originated from conductive filaments (CFs) based on intrinsic defect migrations is proposed. Importantly, the unique photoresponsive characteristic provides the opportunity to enhance the RS through multifunctional photo‐coupling. Enhanced by monochromatic illumination, memristors exhibit RS with remarkable characteristics such as ultralow operating voltage, high ON/OFF ratio (4.3 × 103), small HRS/LRS variation coefficient (29.91%/13.82%), stable endurance (104 cycles), long retention time (105 s), and ultralow power consumption. Moreover, photons can modulate the nonvolatile devices to maintain a great ON/OFF ratio over 9 days under ambient conditions without any encapsulation. The research presents plausible applications of memristors in coupling ions, electrons, and photons, thus contributing to applicability for multifunctional optoelectronics and optogenetics tunable neuromorphic systems.
Selective Enrichment of Hypermethylated DNA by a Multivalent Binding Platform
Authors: Kolkman Ruben W. , Segerink Loes I. , Huskens Jurriaan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe preselection of hypermethylated DNA (hmDNA) from liquid biopsy samples is key to enable early‐stage cancer diagnostics. Due to limited selectivity of the existing preselection approaches, however, wide integration in the clinic is currently prohibited. Here, it is argued that an affinity method on a surface, such as used in affinity chromatography, can be significantly improved by employing the principles of multivalency and superselectivity. In the here proposed method, a methyl binding domain (MBD) protein immobilized at a surface is used as a receptor for (hyper)methylated DNA. By the organization of multiple MBDs on a surface, a multivalent binding platform is achieved. The MBD surface receptor density on that platform is key to increase the enrichment selectivity of hmDNA as a single MBD protein binds both methylated and non‐methylated DNA with a small difference in affinity. When the receptor density is varied, multivalent analyte binding typically responds in a non‐linear fashion, which phenomenon is called superselectivity. By careful tuning of the MBD density, it is envisaged that the selectivity for methylated over non‐methylated DNA can be optimized. Strong applicability is foreseen in a medical setting by implementing such an enrichment step in an analytical process or a lab‐on‐a‐chip device.
Chemical Treatment of Sn‐Containing Transparent Conducting Oxides for the Enhanced Adhesion and Thermal Stability of Electroplated Metals
Authors: Ahmet Ibbi Y. , Abdi Fatwa F. , van de Krol Roel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA surface treatment process, named ReTreat, is presented, and is shown to enhance the adhesion of electroplated metals on Sn‐containing transparent conducting oxides (TCOs). The ReTreat process uses Zn powders, FeSO4 and glycine‐buffered aqueous solutions (pH 3 to 5) in order to regulate a controlled and uniform conversion of SnO2 surfaces to SnO, Sn metal, and FexSny alloys. These surface metallic and intermetallic layers selectively enrich the electroplating of metallic films (including Ni, Au, and Ag). Subsequently, the process has been used to fabricate thermally stable metal films on rigid FTO‐coated glass and flexible ITO‐coated PET substrates. Standardized testing confirms that the metallic coatings exhibit sufficient adhesion to the underlying TCO with high thermal stability and tolerance to flexural strain. A reaction mechanism for the heterogenous surface treatment is deduced from X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and in situ transmittance measurements. These investigations show how the process parameters (e.g., Zn powders, FeSO4 concentration, pH, and TCO type) impact the reaction rate, morphology, and composition of the treated TCO surface. This report provides detailed insights necessary for the future implementation of this innovative surface treatment, which has the prospect to be a customary process for electroplating onto Sn‐containing TCOs.
Ni0.6Fe0.4Se2/rGO Heterogenous Nanocubes Anode for Stable and Efficient Na/K‐Ion Storage
Authors: Wang Fuyang , Song Weiming , Sun Li , Ye Jun , Feng Jian , Sun Jingzhuo , Jing Tao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRational design of electrode materials with cycle stability and high reversible capacity is crucial to the commercial applications of sodium/potassium ion batteries (SIBs/PIBs) in the future. Developing a high‐efficiency anode for SIBs and PIBs, which is formed from the heterogenous Ni‐Fe bimetallic nanocube composite selenide grown on graphene (Ni0.6Fe0.4Se2/rGO, abbreviated as NFSG). The Ni0.6Fe0.4Se2 nanocubes of about 200 nm in which uniformly grown on rGO can provide larger specific surface, broader redox potential, and the stable microchannels to elevate the diffusion rate of Na/K‐ion charge transfer. Utilized as a anode for SIBs, the NFSG electrode exhibits the rate capacity of 366.9 mAh g−1 at 5.0 A g−1 and the longevity of 82.3% circulating over 1000 cycles. For PIBs, NFSG electrode displays the capacities of 335.6 mAh g−1 at 0.05 A g−1 and 108.1 mAh g−1 at 2.0 A g−1 and an outstanding cyclic performance with retained capacity of 260.9 mAh g−1 (0.1 A g−1) after 100 cycles.
Unveiling Ruthenium(II) Diazadienyls for Gas Phase Deposition Processes: Low Resistivity Ru Thin Films and Their Performance in the Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Zanders David , Obenlüneschloß Jorit , Wree Jan‐Lucas , Jagosz Julia , Kaur Parmish , Boysen Nils , Rogalla Detlef , Kostka Aleksander , Bock Claudia , Öhl Denis , Gock Michael , Schuhmann Wolfgang , Devi Anjana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTwo novel ruthenium complexes belonging to the Ru(II)(DAD)(Cym) (DAD = diazadienyl) (Cym = cymene) compound family are introduced as promising precursors. Their chemical nature, potential for chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and possibly atomic layer deposition (ALD) are demonstrated. The development of nonoxidative CVD processes yielding high‐quality Ru thin films is realized. Chemical analyses are exercised that vitiate the deceptive assumption of Ru(DAD)(Aryl) complexes being zero‐valent through clear evidence for the redox noninnocence of the DAD ligand. Two different CVD routes for the growth of Ru films are developed using Ru(tBu2DAD)(Cym). Ru thin films from both processes are subjected to thorough and comparative analyses that allowed to deduce similarities and differences in film growth. Ru thin films with a thickness of 30–35 nm grown on SiO2 yielded close‐to‐bulk resistivity values ranging from 12 to 16 µΩ cm. Catalysis evaluation of the films in the acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) results in promising performances based on overpotentials as low as 240 mV with Tafel slopes of 45–50 mV dec−1. Based on the degradation observed during electrochemical measurements, the impact of OER conditions on the layers is critically assessed by complementary methods.
Understanding the Advantageous Features of Bacterial Cellulose‐Based Separator in Li–S Battery
Authors: Zhang Zhijia , Li Yueqing , Cui Xinjiao , Guan Sijia , Tu Long , Tang Haolin , Li Zhenhua , Li Junsheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSeparator is a critical component of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery, and the property of separator influences the battery performance significantly. Cellulose‐based separator is emerging as a promising alternative to the traditional polyolefin separator used in Li–S battery. Although the excellent battery performance of various cellulose‐based separators is shown, a comprehensive understanding of the advantageous features of bacterial cellulose (BC)‐based separator in Li–S battery still is lacking. In this work, models of BC separators with different thicknesses are prepared and compared with polypropylene separators in terms of their electrochemical performance. The results show that the BC separator exhibits favorable electrolyte affinity, improved lithium‐ion transport, suppressed shuttling of soluble polysulfides, and inhibited the formation of lithium dendrites. The combination of these unique characters of BC separator endows it with excellent battery performance. These results provide insight into the use and design of functional cellulose‐based separators in advanced secondary batteries.
Trap States Ruling Photoconductive Gain in Tissue‐Equivalent, Printed Organic X‐Ray Detectors
Authors: Fratelli Ilaria , Basiricò Laura , Ciavatti Andrea , Lamport Zachary A. , Anthony John E. , Kymissis Ioannis , Fraboni Beatrice 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOrganic semiconductors are excellent candidates for X‐ray detectors that can adapt to new applications, with unique properties including mechanical flexibility and the ability to cover large surfaces. Their chemical composition, primarily carbon and hydrogen, makes them human tissue equivalent in terms of radiation absorption. This is a highly desirable property for a radiation dosimeter to be employed in medical diagnostics and therapy, however a low‐Z composition limits the absorption of ionizing radiation. The detection efficiency can be enhanced by considering the photoconductive gain (PG) effect, a significant contributor to the ionizing radiation detection mechanism in this class of materials. In this work, a process of controlled solution deposition by nozzle printing and crystallization of an organic semiconductor thin film is demonstrated whereby a flexible, arrayed thin‐film X‐ray detector with record X‐ray sensitivities among flexible radiation detectors (S = (9.0 ± 0.4) × 107 µC Gy−1 cm−3) is developed. The excitonic peaks responsible for the activation of the PG effect are investigated and identified using a novel technique called photocurrent spectroscopy optical quenching, and the analysis of the changes in trap states is further demonstrated.
Printed Structurally Colored Cellulose Sensors and Displays
Authors: Wei Jingjiang , Aeby Xavier , Nyström Gustav 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) is a commercially available and biodegradable cellulose derivative, which is known to self‐assemble into chiral nematic liquid crystal phases in water. These features, including liquid crystal‐induced selective reflections in the visible range, make HPC an ideal biopolymer host material for dynamic structural color‐shifting materials. Herein, HPC is used as a starting matrix material and found that, by adding carbon nanotubes (CNT) to an aqueous dispersion of HPC, the color saturation can be improved without influencing the structural color formation and simultaneously conferring electrical conductivity to the material. Additionally, up to 0.4 wt% of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) can be added to control and tune the rheological properties of the suspension allowing for 3D printability while also maintaining the structural colors. The HPC‐CNT‐CNF printed composite materials show application for flexible color‐changing devices in the form of a dual readout optical and resistive strain sensor and is used as the active material in a dynamic seven‐segment color display. This multipurpose color‐changing material has the potential to be used in the creation of eco‐friendly visual intelligent devices and biodegradable user interfaces and, as such, contributes to the advancement of the field of sustainable and green electronics.
Nanoarchitectonics of Two‐Dimensional Electrochromic Materials: Achievements and Future Challenges
Authors: Li Meng , Wu Zhenzhen , Tian Yuhui , Pan Feng , Gould Tim , Zhang Shanqing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractElectrochromic effect has been discovered in many materials with a wide range of applications from visible to infrared, such as smart windows, electronic displays, infrared camouflage, and color‐changeable tactile sensor. However, conventional electrochromic materials cannot meet the growing demand for electrochromic performance in terms of optical contrast, response time, durability, color diversity, and flexibility, which slows down developments in this area. This is mainly due to the limited number and variety of electrochromic materials. In strong contrast, nanoarchitectonics of 2D materials with atomically thin thickness, large lateral size, and diversified series can be an effective way to address these issues and improve the electrochromic performances. This review highlights the recent achievements of emerging 2D electrochromic materials, namely covalent organic frameworks, coordination nanosheets, and transition metal carbides/nitrides/carbonitrides (MXenes). The structures, electrochromic performances and their structure–performance relationship, and future challenges of these materials have been systematically explored. This review can pave a new avenue for the promotion of the nanoarchitectonic 2D materials for the up‐scaled practical electrochromic applications.
Digital Selective Reversible Phase Control of Monolithically Integrated Heterogeneous Piezoelectric Polymer for Frequency Dependent Unimorph
Authors: Won Daeyeon , Cho Hyunmin , Kim Hongdeok , Lee Gunhee , Kwon Jinhyeong , Kim Jihye , Hong Sukjoon , Choi Joonmyung , Kim Sang‐Woo , Ko Seung Hwan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThanks to spontaneous polarization in molecular structure, piezoelectric polymer, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) holds great potential for diverse applications such as organic memory and electromechanical devices. However, the transformation of PVDF into a highly polarized β‐phase has still relied on conventional processes such as repeated mechanical strain, high‐temperature heat treatment, and high‐voltage electric poling, which are time‐consuming and can potentially cause undesired damages. Here, an ultrafast and reversible digital patterning process to transform the polymorphic phase of the PVDF has been developed using the interaction of laser with molecular structure. Plasmonic gold nanoparticles realize the interaction between PVDF and laser by increasing the absorption of the laser and amplifying its characteristics. The parameters of the laser process for phase conversion are designed under the theoretical background based on molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and through this, the process is able to freely convert phases by simple parameter modifications. The selective laser process enables a monolithically integrated heterogeneous phase of PVDF which is not allowed in conventional single‐phase producing processes. Moreover, a practical soft robot that can control its direction has been developed by utilizing the difference in mechanical responses of each phase to the electric field in a monolithically integrated single functional layer.
Tuning Near‐Infrared‐to‐Ultraviolet Upconversion in Lanthanide‐Doped Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Wei Han‐Lin , Zheng Weilin , Zhang Xin , Suo Hao , Chen Bing , Wang Yanze , Wang Feng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUltraviolet (UV) radiation offers many exciting biomedical applications such as biosensing and cancer therapy. Photon upconversion through lanthanide (Ln)‐doped nanoparticles is an attractive approach for UV generation by excitation of near‐infrared (NIR) light, which is readily accessible and highly penetrating in tissue environments. By rationally engineering the emission property of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) coupled with surface functionalization with photoactivatable molecules, various nanosystems can be constructed for biomedicine with the feature of minimal living tissue damage and remote light delivery at high spatiotemporal precisions. Such technology facilitates sensitive diagnosis and effective treatment of various diseases. This review focuses on the recent development of NIR‐to‐UV UCNPs, simultaneously highlighting emergent biomedical applications enabled by these materials.
Thermally Stable Nanotwins: New Heights for Cu Mechanics
Authors: Edwards Thomas Edward James , Rohbeck Nadia , Huszár Emese , Thomas Keith , Putz Barbara , Polyakov Mikhail Nikolayevich , Maeder Xavier , Pethö Laszlo , Michler Johann 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNanocrystalline and nanotwinned materials achieve exceptional strengths through small grain sizes. Due to large areas of crystal interfaces, they are highly susceptible to grain growth and creep deformation, even at ambient temperatures. Here, ultrahigh strength nanotwinned copper microstructures have been stabilized against high temperature exposure while largely retaining electrical conductivity. By incorporating less than 1 vol% insoluble tungsten nanoparticles by a novel hybrid deposition method, both the ease of formation and the high temperature stability of nanotwins are dramatically enhanced up to at least 400 °C. By avoiding grain coarsening, improved high temperature creep properties arise as the coherent twin boundaries are poor diffusion paths, while some size‐based nanotwin strengthening is retained. Such microstructures hold promise for more robust microchip interconnects and stronger electric motor components.
Machine Learning in the Development of Adsorbents for Clean Energy Application and Greenhouse Gas Capture
Authors: Mai Haoxin , Le Tu C. , Chen Dehong , Winkler David A. , Caruso Rachel A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAddressing climate change challenges by reducing greenhouse gas levels requires innovative adsorbent materials for clean energy applications. Recent progress in machine learning has stimulated technological breakthroughs in the discovery, design, and deployment of materials with potential for high‐performance and low‐cost clean energy applications. This review summarizes basic machine learning methods—data collection, featurization, model generation, and model evaluation—and reviews their use in the development of robust adsorbent materials. Key case studies are provided where these methods are used to accelerate adsorbent materials design and discovery, optimize synthesis conditions, and understand complex feature–property relationships. The review provides a concise resource for researchers wishing to use machine learning methods to rapidly develop effective adsorbent materials with a positive impact on the environment.
2D Layers of Group VA Semiconductors: Fundamental Properties and Potential Applications
Authors: Batool Saima , Idrees Muhammad , Han Su‐Ting , Zhou Ye 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMembers of the 2D group VA semiconductors (phosphorene, arsenene, antimonene, and bismuthine) present a new class of 2D materials, which are recently gaining a lot of research interest. These materials possess layered morphology, tunable direct bandgap, high charge carrier mobility, high stability, unique in‐plane anisotropy, and negative Poisson's ratio. They prepare the ground for novel and multifunctional applications in electronics, optoelectronics, and batteries. The most recent analytical and empirical developments in the fundamental characteristics, fabrication techniques, and potential implementation of 2D group VA materials in this review, along with presenting insights and concerns for the field's future are analyzed.
Single‐Cell‐Driven Tri‐Channel Encryption Meta‐Displays
Authors: Mehmood Muhammad Qasim , Seong Junhwa , Naveed Muhammad Ashar , Kim Joohoon , Zubair Muhammad , Riaz Kashif , Massoud Yehia , Rho Junsuk 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMulti‐functional metasurfaces have attracted great attention due to the significant possibilities to realize highly integrated and ultra‐compact meta‐devices. Merging nano‐printing and holographic information multiplexing is one of the effective ways to achieve multi‐functionality, and such a merger can increase the information encoding capacity. However, the current approaches rely on stacking layers and interleaving, where multiple resonators effectively combine different functionalities on the cost of efficiency, design complexity, and challenging fabrication. To address such challenges, a single meta‐nanoresonator‐based tri‐functional metasurface is proposed by combining the geometric phase‐based spin‐decoupling and Malus's law intensity modulation. The proposed strategy effectively improves information capacity owing to the orientation degeneracy of spin‐decoupling rather than layer stacking or super‐cell designs. To validate the proposed strategy, a metasurface demonstrating two helicity‐dependent holographic outputs is presented in far‐field, whereas a continuous nano‐printing image is in near‐field. It is also employed on CMOS‐compatible and cost‐effective hydrogen amorphous silicon providing transparent responses for the whole visible band. As a result, the proposed metasurface has high transmission efficiency in the visible regime and verifies the design strategy without adding extra complexities to conventional nano‐pillar geometry. Therefore, the proposed metasurface opens new avenues in multi‐functional meta‐devices design and has promising applications in anti‐counterfeiting, optical storage and displays.​
Modular Flow Reactors for Valorization of Kraft Lignin and Low‐Voltage Hydrogen Production
Authors: Yim Se‐Jun , Oh Hyeonmyeong , Choi Yuri , Ahn Gwang‐Noh , Park Chae‐Hyeon , Kim Yong Hwan , Ryu Jungki , Kim Dong‐Pyo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecent studies have found that green hydrogen production and biomass utilization technologies can be combined to efficiently produce both hydrogen and value‐added chemicals using biomass as an electron and proton source. However, the majority of them have been limited to proof‐of‐concept demonstrations based on batch systems. Here the authors report the design of modular flow systems for the continuous depolymerization and valorization of lignin and low‐voltage hydrogen production. A redox‐active phosphomolybdic acid is used as a catalyst to depolymerize lignin with the production of aromatic compounds and extraction of electrons for hydrogen production. Individual processes for lignin depolymerization, byproduct separation, and hydrogen production with catalyst reactivation are modularized and integrated to perform the entire process in the serial flow. Consequently, this work enabled a one‐flow process from biomass conversion to hydrogen gas generation under a cyclic loop. In addition, the unique advantages of the fluidic system (i.e., effective mass and heat transfer) substantially improved the yield and efficiency, leading to hydrogen production at a higher current density (20.5 mA cm−2) at a lower voltage (1.5 V) without oxygen evolution. This sustainable eco‐chemical platform envisages scalable co‐production of valuable chemicals and green hydrogen for industrial purposes in an energy‐saving and safe manner.