bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
«¿Retorno a la historia?» El Tribunal General de la UE ante el Acuerdo de Pesca UE-Marruecos de 2019. Consideraciones en torno a la Sentencia TG (Sala 9ª) de 29 de septiembre de 2021, «Frente Polisario C. Consejo de la Unión Europea», asuntos acumulados T-344/2019 y T-356/19
Authors: González-Vega Javier-A. 
Published: May 2022

La sentencia del TG de 29 de septiembre de 2021, Frente Polisario c. Consejo (asuntos acumulados T-344/19 y T-356/19) ha declarado nula la decisión del Consejo de la UE, por la que se concluye el Acuerdo de pesca entre el Reino de Marruecos y la Unión Europea. La decisión, de indudable transcendencia, pero falta de efectos en razón de los recursos de casación interpuestos contra ella por el Consejo y la Comisión el pasado diciembre, plantea interesantes cuestiones tanto desde la perspectiva del Derecho internacional como del Derecho de la Unión. Respecto de este último, en concreto, el TG, basándose en la reciente Sentencia TJ en el asunto Venezuela c. Consejo, reconoce la personalidad jurídica internacional –y la consiguiente legitimación– del Frente Polisario para interponer un recurso ante las instancias jurisdiccionales de la UE, afirma su afectación directa e individualizada por la decisión cuestionada y soslaya los inconvenientes establecidos por la jurisprudencia ATAA con miras a invocar los principios del Derecho internacional en causa –la libre determinación y el efecto relativo de los tratados–. Desde la perspectiva del Derecho internacional, que ha sido una vez más decisivo en el caso, el TG confiere al Frente Polisario la condición de representante del pueblo del Sáhara Occidental y juzga su participación en el proceso de conclusión del acuerdo como fundamental, al considerar el artificio de las consultas a la población concernida –en las que no participara– como inviable para formalizar el consentimiento del pueblo del Sáhara occidental requerido por las Sentencias TJ Frente Polisario/Consejo y Western Sahara Campaign UK, relativizando además el valor conferido al célebre «dictamen Corell», hipostasiado por las instituciones de la UE para fundamentar su proceder. En cambio, pese a fundamentarse en el Derecho internacional, en la decisión no hay la más leve mención al ius cogens ni a sus indudables implicaciones en el contexto del asunto. Finalmente, el alcance último de la Sentencia está por ver. La resolución de los recursos del Consejo y de la Comisión, hará que la última palabra recaiga en el TJ, existiendo elementos en la decisión recurrida que hacen factible que éste, una vez más, sortee el formidable escollo que tiene hoy ante sí.
Adapting the load-bearing structure of a gondola car for transporting high-temperature cargoes
Authors: Fomin Oleksij , Lovska Alyona , Khara Maryna , Nikolaienko Iryna , Lytvynenko Andrii , Sova Sergiy 
Published: May 2022

This paper determines the load on the load-bearing structure of a universal gondola car during the transportation of cargo with a temperature of 700 °C in it. It has been established that the maximum equivalent stresses, in this case, significantly exceed permissible ones. The maximum temperature of the cargo, at which the strength indicators of the carrying structure of the gondola do not exceed the permissible values, is 94 °C. At the same time, the temperature of the cargo transported in the cars by rail can be much higher. In this regard, in order to use gondola cars for the transportation of cargoes with high temperatures, it is possible to arrange them in heat-resistant containers of open type – flatcars. Therefore, in this study, a structure of the flatcar with convex walls has been proposed. Such configuration of the sidewalls makes it possible to increase the usable volume of the container by 8 % compared to the prototype. As a flatcar material, a composite with heat-resistant properties is used. To justify the proposed solution, the strength of a flatcar was calculated. It has been established that the maximum equivalent stresses in the carrying structure of the flatcar are about 300 MPa and do not exceed permissible ones.
To determine the main indicators of the dynamics of the gondola car loaded with flats, its dynamic load was mathematically modeled. The calculation results showed that the accelerations that operate in the center of the mass of the load-bearing structure of a gondola car are about 1.5 m/s2. The vertical dynamics coefficient is 0.22. The estimated dynamics indicators are within the permissible values.
The study reported here could contribute to improving the efficiency of the use of gondola cars and to further advancements in the design of innovative vehicles
Building a dynamic model of profit maximization for a carsharing system accounting for the region’s geographical and economic features
Authors: Amirgaliyev Beibut , Andrashko Yurii , Kuchansky Alexander 
Published: May 2022

This paper describes a dynamic model of profit maximization for a car-sharing system, taking into consideration the geographical and economic characteristics of a region. To solve the model construction task, a technique to cover the region with geometric shapes has been described. It was established that when modeling a car-sharing system, it is rational to cover a region with a grid of equal regular hexagons located side to side. For each subregion, quantitative parameters were calculated: the number of free cars in the subregions, the probability of a car traveling from one sub-region to another, the cost of maintenance and operation of the car, and the income from the trip. This takes into consideration the dynamic nature of the specified parameters. Based on these parameters, an objective function is constructed including constraints for the dynamic model. These constraints take into consideration the economic and geographical features of each subregion.
A dynamic profit maximization model was built for the car-sharing system in the city of New York (USA) based on the TCL dataset. To calculate the parameters of the model, data on 776,285,070 trips over the period from January 2016 to July 2021 were used. Maps of the beginning and completion of trips in the region and a map of trips tied to hexagonal grid cells using the Kepler visualization service have been built. The frameworks H3 and S2 were analyzed in terms of determining the length of the route between the subregions. Modeling was carried out according to the built unidirectional dynamic model of profit maximization. It has been established that taking into consideration the average economic and geographical characteristics of a region makes it possible to increase the profit of the car-sharing system by 12.36 %. Accounting for the dynamics of economic and geographical features of the region of customers in the model makes it possible to increase profits by an additional 4.18 %
Synthesis of titanium dioxide nanotube derived from ilmenite mineral through post-hydrothermal treatment and its photocatalytic performance
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad , Lalasari Latifa Hanum , Sofyan Nofrijon , Ferdiansyah Alfian , Dhaneswara Donanta , Yuwono Akhmad Herman 
Published: May 2022

Ilmenite (FeTiO3) is a suitable mineral to produce titanium dioxide (TiO2) for photocatalyst applications. Therefore, this research was conducted to synthesize TiO2 material from titanium oxysulfate (TiOSO4) extracted from Indonesia local ilmenite mineral (FeTiO3) and to modify this material into TiO2 nanotubes through a hydrothermal process at 150 °C for 24 hours followed by a post-hydrothermal treatment with temperature variations of 80,100, 120, and 150 °C for 12 hours. The purpose was to investigate the effect of the post-hydrothermal variations on the crystal structure, morphology, and optical properties of the TiO2 nanotubes produced. It was discovered from the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations that the TiO2 nanotube was successfully derived from the ilmenite precursor. Moreover, the X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the nanotube crystal structure showed that post-hydrothermal treatment enhanced the crystallinity of the anatase TiO2 phase even though the sodium titanate phase was observed to exist in the structure. The increase in the post-hydrothermal temperature from 80 to 150 °C was also discovered to have led to:
1) a reduction in the unit cell volume from 136.37 to 132.31 Å3 and a decrease in the lattice constant c from 9.519 to 9.426 Å;
2) an increase in density from 7.783 to 8.081 gr/cm3 as well as in the crystallite size from 19.185 to 25.745 nm;
3) a decrease in the bandgap energy (Eg), from 3.33 to 3.02 eV.
These characteristics further indicate the ability of the photocatalytic performance of the nanotubes to enhance the degradation efficiency from 87.69 to 97.11 %. This means the TiO2 nanotubes extracted from local FeTiO3 can provide the expected crystal structure and photocatalytic performance
Identifying patterns in the fatty-acid composition of safflower depending on agroclimatic conditions
Authors: Tultabayev Mukhtar , Chomanov Urishbay , Tultabayeva Tamara , Shoman Aruzhan , Dodaev Kuchkar , Azimov Utkir , Zhumanova Umyt 
Published: May 2022

The object of the study reported in this paper is to establish a dependence of the fatty acid composition of the fast-growing annual plant safflower on the agroclimatic cultivating conditions. The growth rate of safflower and the characteristics of the extracted oil are highly dependent on external temperature and moisture. At low temperatures, for example, the growth of safflower is significantly inhibited. With an increase in temperature and the length of daylight, the central stem begins to branch while growing faster. Flowering is mainly affected by the length of daylight. The period from the end of flowering to maturity is typically 28‒30 days. However, the total ripening period of the crop depends on the variety, location, sowing time, and agro-climatic cultivating conditions. The need for water increases significantly during the flowering period of safflower, which ultimately affects the indicators of the fatty acid composition and yield. At the same time, safflower is sensitive to moisture in terms of disease. In case of excess water, it is subject to root rot. In addition, frequent rains and high humidity after ripening can provoke the germination of seeds on the head. Hence, it follows that in order to obtain a high yield with the specified characteristics of the fatty acid composition of safflower oil, it is necessary to take into consideration the quantitative indicators of moisture and its seasonality, as well as the temperature regime during the growing season.
The study was conducted using arid or semi-arid, sharply continental Central Asia with its hot summers and cold winters as an example. The dependence of the physicochemical parameters of plant-derived oils on agroclimatic indicators has been established. The reported results and conclusions will allow farmers to predict the yield of oilseeds with specified characteristics depending on the changing climatic parameters
Determining optimal technological modes for pressing oil from melon seeds to justify rational engineering and structural solutions
Authors: Kairbayeva Ainura , Tlevlessova Dinara , Imanbayev Alimzhan , Mukhamadiyeva Kalima , Mateyev Yesmurat 
Published: May 2022

This paper considers the process of squeezing oil from melon seeds in a screw oil press, using the method of planning a full-factor experiment. To study the interaction of various factors affecting the process of squeezing oil from melon seeds, mathematical methods of experiment planning were applied. Melon seeds were used as the object of the study. The results of studying the physical and mechanical indicators of melon seeds are reported; the rational modes of pressing melon seeds have been determined; the aerodynamic indicators of melon seeds have been defined in order to design a cold-pressed press for melon seeds.
Ventilation modes have been substantiated; the soaring coefficient for melon seeds was derived. The coefficient of resistance for a melon seed is 1.54.
The highest critical velocity values for melon seeds were 6.4, for kernels 4.67, and for husks 3.94, respectively, with seed moisture content of 24.08 %.
The dependence of the oil yield on huskness has been determined. It is established that in the process of pressing there is a decrease in the oil content of the oil seed meal as it moves from the receiving chamber to the exit from the press, at the same time there is a compaction of the compressed product. Based on the study’s results, a plant for squeezing oil from melon seeds was designed. As a result of solving the problem with the vector optimization criterion, optimal intervals of input parameters were obtained: the initial humidity of the raw material is 9.15...10.27 %, the speed of rotation of the oil press screw is 0.843...0.895 s–1, the clearance for the yield of cake is 0.750...0.800, the oil seed meal temperature at pressing=87...89 °С, the huskness of the starting product is 7.13...7.23 %
Influence on the thermophysical properties of nanocomposites of the duration of mixing of components in the polymer melt
Authors: Fialko Nataliia , Dinzhos Roman , Sherenkovskii Julii , Meranova Nataliia , Prokopov Viktor , Babak Vitalii , Korzhyk Volodymyr , Izvorska Diana , Lazarenko Maxim , Makhrovskyi Volodymyr 
Published: May 2022

A set of experimental studies has been carried out to establish the effect of the mixing time of components of nanocomposite materials on their thermal conductivity, specific heat, and density. The physical properties of polypropylene-carbon nanotube composites were to be studied. During the experiments, the duration of mixing of the components in the melt of the polymer varied from 5 to 52 minutes, the mass fraction of the filler ‒ in the range of 0.3...10 %, and nanocomposite temperature – from 290 K to 475 K.
It was found that an increase in the mixing time of components of nanocomposite materials could lead to a significant (more than 70 times) increase in their thermal conductivity. It is also shown that the influence of the specified time is limited to its value equal to 27 minutes, above which the change in the thermal conductivity of nanocomposites can be neglected. It was found that the sensitivity of the thermal conductivity of nanocomposites to the time of mixing of their components decreases with a decrease in the mass fraction of the filler.
Temperature dependences of the specific heat capacity of the studied composites were obtained by varying the mixing time of their components and the mass fraction of the filler. It was found that with an increase in the specified time, there is a decrease in the heat capacity of nanocomposites, which is significantly manifested only in the region of temperatures close to the melting point of the composite matrix.
It is shown that the dependence of the density of nanocomposites on the mixing time of their components in qualitative terms is similar to the corresponding dependence for their thermal conductivity. The obtained data can be used to choose the mixing time of components of nanocomposite materials in the development of appropriate technology for their production
Influence of selected reactive oxygen species on the long-term aging of bitumen
Authors: Primerano Kristina , Mirwald Johannes , Maschauer Daniel , Grothe Hinrich , Hofko Bernhard 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aging of bitumen is a major contributor to the failure of asphalt pavements. Realistic and accurate laboratory aging methods can predict bitumen durability and guarantee the use of high-quality components in asphalt pavement. However, current standardized aging methods do not incorporate atmospheric parameters, besides elevated temperatures and molecular oxygen. Crucial chemical components like reactive oxygen species (ROS), e.g. nitrogen oxides (NOx) or ozone (O3), are completely neglected. This study focusses particularly on the reactivity of individual ROS, such as nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and O3, in regards to the long-term aging (LTA) of three unmodified bitumen. For LTA an adapted version of the Viennese Binder Aging method was used and the aged bitumen samples were analyzed with the dynamic shear rheometer and Fourier-Transform-Infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The results show that NO as a single component does not induce significant aging, whereas NO2 leads to severe bitumen deterioration, which is even more accelerated when a second oxygen source is present. In comparison, the reactivity of O3 is rather mild and it did not cause additional aging for two of the investigated binders. This study provides evidence, that ROS play a crucial role in bitumen aging and should thus not be neglected when addressing realistic aging conditions in the laboratory.
Pandemic Food Response in Primary Care to Minimize Exposure for Elderly Food Insecure Population
Authors: Bridges Kristina , Woodward Jennifer , Murray Megan , Mumm Emma , Greiner K. Allen 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Stay-at-home orders during the COVID-19 pandemic encouraged individuals, especially the elderly, to stock up on food and supplies and remain home to limit exposure to the SARS-CoV-2virus. However, individuals with food insecurity may only be able to afford a few days of food at a time, causing frequent outings to obtain food. An emergency food delivery system decreases the need for frequent outings.

Methods. Primary care patients over 65 years with previously reported food insecurity were screened for referral to a community food delivery program. We conducted a cross-sectional secondary analysis of screening and referral data.

Results. For 76.7% of study participants, estimated monthly outings to obtain food exceeded the recommended stay-at-home guidelines. In our population, 64.7% reported current food need, 46.7% reported <2 days of food, 93.5% reported receiving home food delivery would keep them from going out, and 37.7% of contacted patients received a food delivery.

Conclusions. Targeted screening and referral for food delivery may reduce the need for patients experiencing food insecurity to leave home during a pandemic or other disaster, potentially decreasing community exposure for a high-risk population. Primary care practices can utilize previously collected food insecurity and other social determinants of health data to identify and assist high-risk patients in a pandemic.
Study of clinical presentation, management and prognosis of liver abscess
Authors: Surendran S. , Vallipriya V. 
Published: May 2022

Background: The term "liver abscess" refers to a collection of pus in the parenchyma of the liver mainly due to the infection of microorganisms. If a liver abscess is not diagnosed early or not treated, it can be fatal, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Aim of the study was to study the clinical manifestations, aetiologies, and management of liver abscesses in tertiary care hospital patients.Methods: From March 2015 to August 2016, 99 patients with liver abscesses were studied in the general surgery wards of government Rajaji hospital in Madurai. In the beginning, routine examination history and blood tests were documented. Then, an ultrasound was performed in selected cases, and further treatment was performed.Results: In the current study, the most cases (48%) were from the age group of 41-50 years. We discovered that this disease is more common in men (97.97%), mainly with a history of alcohol intake, with an amoebic liver abscess (ALA) in 95% of cases. Abdominal pain (100%) and fever (57%) were the most common symptoms observed in the patients. For treatment, we used single aspiration in 30 (30.3%) cases, percutaneous catheter drainage in 25 (25.25%) cases, laparotomy and drainage in 22 (22.22%) cases, multiple aspirations in 19 (19.09%) cases, and conservative management in 3 (3.03%) of the cases.Conclusions: Liver abscesses are most commonly found in young males with a history of alcohol consumption. Unfortunately, it is still a disease that causes significant morbidity. To successfully manage the liver abscess aspiration, catheter drainage and laparotomy with drainage can be used, whether single or multiple.
PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF DIGITAL SCANNING IN THE DYNAMIC EVALUATION OF PROSTHETIC BED TISSUES IN ORTHOPEDIC DENTISTRY
Authors: Koshelev konstantin , Belousov Nikolay , Algoeva Aleksanda , Bulanov Vitaliy , Gerasimov Artem 
Published: May 2022

The aim of the study is to study the possibilities of comparing digital diagnostic models of patients obtained at different periods after prosthetics of dentition, using a specialized computer program.
Materials and methods. As a material, diagnostic digital models of the jaws of a patient who was first prostheticized with temporary full removable prostheses were used. The models were obtained on the day of application, 3 and 6 months after the completion of treatment. The research method was the specialized computer program ExoCad DentalCAD 2.3 Matera, which is quite common in the professional circle of orthopedic dentists and dental technicians.
Results. The article describes two detailed algorithms for assessing the dynamic state of the prosthetic bed of patients who have undergone dental orthopedic treatment, based on a comparative analysis of digital models of the jaws. The first algorithm is quite indicative, capable of fully demonstrating the changes in the tissues of the prosthetic bed, and is suitable for demonstrating the detected changes to the patient or interested persons to justify further therapeutic manipulations. The second algorithm for assessing atrophy makes it possible to assess the degree of changes in numerical terms, which can make it possible to develop measures to prevent possible complications and is more interesting to the attending physician, dental technician or medical researchers. Based on the considered example, specific clinical recommendations for the management of the patient are proposed, which reduce the risk of complications of the treatment.
Conclusion. The proposed methods can be useful in assessing the quality of dental orthopedic treatment, at various stages of the examination. The use of the described algorithms in complex clinical situations can prevent the development of a number of complications after prosthetics of dentition. The use of the described algorithms for evaluating prosthetic bed tissues gives the attending physician the opportunity to individualize the calendar of medical examination of a single patient in accordance with the identified changes in the prosthetic bed and the dynamics of their progression. The digital evaluation algorithm can become an indicative tool in research to assess changes in the prosthetic bed depending on various individual factors.