bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One-shot additive manufacturing of robotic finger with embedded sensing and actuation
Authors: Stano Gianni , Ovy S M Al Islam , Edwards Jakob Ryan , Cianchetti Matteo , Percoco Gianluca , Tadesse Yonas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA main challenge in the additive manufacturing (AM) field is the possibility to create structures with embedded actuators and sensors: addressing this requirement would lead to a reduction of manual assembly tasks and product cost, pushing AM technologies into a new dimension for the fabrication of assembly-free smart objects. The main novelty of the present paper is the one shot fabrication of a 3D printed soft finger with an embedded shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator and two different 3D printed sensors (strain gauge and capacitive force sensor). 3D printed structures, fabricated with the proposed approach, can be immediately activated after their removal from the build plate, providing real-time feedback because of the embedded sensing units. Three different materials from two nozzles were extruded to fabricate the passive elements and sensing units of the proposed bioinspired robotic finger and a custom-made Cartesian pick and place robot (CPPR) was employed to integrate the SMA spring actuator into the 3D printed robotic finger during the fabrication processes. Another novelty of the present paper is the direct integration of SMA actuators during the 3D printing process. The low melting thermoplastic polycaprolactone (PCL) was extruded: its printing temperature of 70 °C is lower than the SMA austenitic start temperature, preventing the SMA activation during the manufacturing process. Two different sensors based on the piezoresistive principle and capacitive principle were studied, 3D printed and characterized, showing respectively a sensitivity ratio of change in resistance to finger bending angle to be 674.8 $$\frac{\Omega }{^\circ \mathrm{Angle}}$$

Ω

∘

Angle

and a capacitance to force ratio of $$0.53 \frac{\mathrm{pF}}{\mathrm{N}}$$

0.53

pF
N

. The proposed manufacturing approach paves the way for significant advancement of AM technologies in the field of smart structures with embedded actuators to provide real-time feedback, offering several advantages, especially in the soft robotics domain.
Second Order Expansion for the Nonlocal Perimeter Functional
Authors: Knüpfer Hans , Shi Wenhui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe seminal results of Bourgain et al. (Optimal Control and Partial Differential Equations, IOS, Amsterdam, 2001) and Dávila (Calc Var Partial Differ Equ 15(4):519–527, 2002) show that the classical perimeter can be approximated by a family of nonlocal perimeter functionals. We consider a corresponding second order expansion for the nonlocal perimeter functional. In a special case, the considered family of energies is also relevant for a variational model for thin ferromagnetic films. We derive the$$\Gamma $$Γ–limit of these functionals as$$\epsilon \rightarrow 0$$ϵ→0. We also show existence for minimizers with prescribed volume fraction. For small volume fraction, the unique, up to translation, minimizer of the limit energy is given by the ball. The analysis is based on a systematic exploitation of the associated symmetrized autocorrelation function.
Subcutaneous versus transvenous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator among drug-induced type-1 ECG pattern Brugada syndrome: a propensity score matching analysis from IBRYD study
Authors: Russo Vincenzo , Caturano Alfredo , Guerra Federico , Migliore Federico , Mascia Giuseppe , Rossi Andrea , Nesti Martina , Santobuono Vincenzo Ezio , Attena Emilio , Tola Gianfranco , Sciarra Luigi , Conte Giulio , Paoletti Perini Alessandro , Francia Pietro , Dendramis Gregory , Palamà Zefferino , Albani Stefano , Ottonelli Ghidini Andrea , Calò Leonardo , D’Onofrio Antonio , Baldi Enrico ,   IBRYD Study Group, Nigro Gerardo , Sasso Ferdinando Carlo , Barca Luca , Porto Italo , Notarstefano Pasquale , Ruocco Maria Antonietta , Franchetti Pardo Livia , Adducci Carmen , Berlier Nicola , Sarubbi Berardo , Vicentini Alessandro , Floris Roberto , Romeo Emanuele , Golino Paolo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNo real-world data are available about the complications rate in drug-induced type 1 Brugada Syndrome (BrS) patients with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). Aim of our study is to compare the device-related complications, infections, and inappropriate therapies among drug-induced type 1 BrS patients with transvenous- ICD (TV-ICD) versus subcutaneous-ICD (S-ICD). Data for this study were sourced from the IBRYD (Italian BRugada sYnDrome) registry which includes 619 drug-induced type-1 BrS patients followed at 20 Italian tertiary referral hospitals. For the present analysis, we selected 258 consecutive BrS patients implanted with ICD. 198 patients (76.7%) received a TV-ICD, while 60 a S-ICD (23.4%). And were followed-up for a median time of 84.3 [46.5–147] months. ICD inappropriate therapies were experienced by 16 patients (6.2%). 14 patients (7.1%) in the TVICD group and 2 patients (3.3%) in S-ICD group (log-rank P = 0.64). ICD-related complications occurred in 31 patients (12%); 29 (14.6%) in TV-ICD group and 2 (3.3%) in S-ICD group (log-rank P = 0.41). ICD-related infections occurred in 10 patients (3.88%); 9 (4.5%) in TV-ICD group and 1 (1.8%) in S-ICD group (log-rank P = 0.80). After balancing for potential confounders using the propensity score matching technique, no differences were found in terms of clinical outcomes between the two groups. In a real-world setting of drug-induced type-1 BrS patients with ICD, no significant differences in inappropriate ICD therapies, device-related complications, and infections were shown among S-ICD vs TV-ICD. However, a reduction in lead-related complications was observed in the S-ICD group. In conclusion, our evidence suggests that S-ICD is at least non-inferior to TV-ICD in this population and may also reduce the risk of lead-related complications which can expose the patients to the necessity of lead extractions.
Revision lateralization osteotomy of the tibial tubercle has excellent outcomes in patients suffering from previous medial tibial tubercle overcorrection
Authors: Gebhardt Sebastian , Zimmerer Alexander , Zimmermann Felix , Wassilew Georgi I. , Balcarek Peter 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) is a common procedure used to treat patients with patellofemoral instability (PFI) and osteoarthritis (PFOA). Medial patellar maltracking due to previous excessive medialization of the tibial tubercle has rarely been reported. Therefore, the goal of this study was to assess patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) after revision osteotomy with lateralization of the tibial tubercle (RL-TTO) to correct medial patellofemoral maltracking.

Materials and methods
Between 2017 and 2021, a series of 11 patients (male/female 1/10; age 35.8 ± 10.5 years) were treated by RL-TTO, of whom 8 patients could be retrospectively evaluated after a mean of 32.4 ± 15.1 months (range 18–61 months) postoperatively. The Kujala anterior knee pain scale, the patellofemoral subscale of the Knee Osteoarthritis and Outcome Score (KOOS-PF), and a numeric analog scale (NAS; 0–10) regarding anterior knee pain (AKP) at rest and during activity were assessed from pre- to postoperatively.

Results
The preoperative mean tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) and tibial tubercle-posterior cruciate ligament (TT-PCL) distances were − 6.5 ± 6.5 mm and 0.7 ± 4.6 mm, respectively. The intraoperatively determined amount of tibial tubercle lateralization averaged 10.7 ± 3.6 mm. The Kujala score and KOOS-PF improved significantly from 33.6 ± 10.1 (23–51) points to 94.4 ± 6.2 points (82–100) (p < 0.001) and from 20.6 ± 13.2 points (0–43.3) to 87.3 ± 9.9 points (72.8–100) (p < 0.001) from pre- to postoperatively, respectively. Pain at rest decreased from 5.8 ± 1.9 to 0.8 ± 0.9 (p < 0.001), and pain during activity decreased from 8.6 ± 1.3 to 1.6 ± 1.5 (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
RL-TTO significantly improved subjective knee function and AKP in patients suffering from medial patellar maltracking due to previous excessive tibial tubercle medialization osteotomy at short-term follow-up.
Effect of low-dose atropine eyedrops on pupil metrics: results after half a year of treatment and cessation
Authors: Bai Wei-Ling , Gan Jia-He , Wei Shifei , Li Shi-Ming , An Wen-Zai , Liang Xin-Tong , Tian Jia-Xin , Yin Lei , Wang Ningli 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the effect of low-dose atropine eyedrops on pupil metrics.

Methods
This study was based on a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, and cross-over trial in mainland China. In phase 1, subjects received 0.01% atropine or placebo once nightly. After 1 year, the atropine group switched to placebo (atropine-placebo group), and the placebo group switched to atropine (placebo-atropine group). Ocular parameters were measured at the crossover time point (at the 12th month) and the 18th month.

Results
Of 105 subjects who completed the study, 48 and 57 children were allocated into the atropine-placebo and placebo-atropine groups, respectively. After cessation, the photopic pupil diameter (PD) and mesopic PD both decreased (− 0.46 ± 0.47 mm, P < 0.001; − 0.30 ± 0.74 mm, P = 0.008), and the constriction ratio (CR, %) increased (4.39 ± 7.54, P < 0.001) compared with values at the crossover time point of the atropine-placebo group; pupil metrics of the atropine-placebo group had no difference from the values at the crossover time point of the placebo-atropine group. After 6 months of treatment, the photopic PD and the mesopic PD increased (0.54 ± 0.67 mm, P < 0.001; 0.53 ± 0.89 mm, P < 0.001), the CR (%) decreased (− 2.53 ± 8.64, P < 0.001) compared with values at the crossover time point of the placebo-atropine group. There was no significant relationship between pupil metrics and myopia progression during 0.01% atropine treatment.

Conclusion
Pupil metrics and the CR could return to pre-atropine levels after cessation. Pupil metrics had no significant effect on myopia progression during treatment.
Imaginaries, directionalities, agency and new path creation
Authors: Herzog Anna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study focuses on how imaginaries and directionalities, i.e. the interpretation of the urban economic history and the derived fundamental perceptions, conventions, mental representations and identities, influence stakeholder behaviour (agency) with regard to enabling or inhibiting new path creation. Applying concepts of evolutionary economic geography (EEG) and sociology, this paper aims to contribute to the literature on the impact of historical dependences on urban structural change processes. These theoretical reflections are applied to an empirical case study analysing the decline and renaissance of the textile industry in Mönchengladbach, Germany. The qualitative case study is based on a document-based analysis and seven guideline-based interviews with local experts from the textile and clothing industry. It concludes that imaginaries and directionalities can take effect via four mechanisms: communication and cooperation, motivation, training and employment, and research and innovation.
Characterization of sebaceous and non-sebaceous cutaneous manifestations in patients with lynch syndrome: a systematic review
Authors: Aziz Shahram , O’Sullivan Hazel , Heelan Kara , Alam Afrina , McVeigh Terri P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA subset of patients with Lynch Syndrome demonstrates cutaneous manifestations of the disorder. Characterization of these Lynch-related skin lesions could help in early recognition of patients with Lynch Syndrome. A broad search of the literature on OVID Medline and Embase was carried out to capture papers reporting cutaneous manifestations in Lynch Syndrome patients. The results were uploaded into Mendeley reference management software. The PRISMA workflow was used in the literature selection process. In this systematic review, data were collected from 961 cases from 413 studies, including 380 molecularly confirmed Lynch Syndrome cases. The main skin lesions were: Sebaceous adenomas (43%), sebaceous carcinomas (27%), keratoacanthomas (16%), sebaceomas (13%), squamous cell carcinomas (23%), and basal cell carcinomas (10%). MSH2 variants were the most common underlying genotype (72%). Assessment of mismatch repair by immunohistochemistry, microsatellite instability analysis, or both were performed on 328 skin lesions from 220 (58%) molecularly confirmed cases. In those skin lesions, 95% of Immunohistochemistry and 90% of the microsatellite instability test results were concordant with the underlying genotype. Sebaceous skin lesions are well-recognised phenotypic features of Lynch Syndrome. Our results show that squamous and basal cell carcinomas are relatively common in patients with Lynch syndrome; however, available evidence cannot confirm that Lynch syndrome is causal. Immunohistochemistry and/or microsatellite instability testing of skin tumours in patients with a family history of Lynch Syndrome-associated cancers may be a useful approach in identifying patients requiring referral to Clinical Genetics and/or consideration of germline genetic testing for Lynch Syndrome.
An Informational Approach to Emergence
Authors: Gnoli Claudio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEmergence can be described as a relationship between entities at different levels of organization, that looks especially puzzling at the transitions between the major levels of matter, life, cognition and culture. Indeed, each major level is dependent on the lower one not just for its constituents, but in some more formal way. A passage by François Jacob suggests that all such evolutionary transitions are associated with the appearance of some form of memory–genetic, neural or linguistic respectively. This implies that they have an informational nature. Based on this idea, we propose a general model of informational systems understood as combinations of modules taken from a limited inventory. Some informational systems are “semantic” models, that is reproduce features of their environment. Among these, some are also “informed”, that is have a pattern derived from a memory subsystem. The levels and components of informed systems can be listed to provide a general framework for knowledge organization, of relevance in both philosophical ontology and applied information services.
Energy-Efficient and Load-Aware VM Placement in Cloud Data Centers
Authors: Li Zhihua , Lin Kaiqing , Cheng Shunhang , Yu Lei , Qian Junhao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVM consolidation has been proposed as an effective solution to improve resource utilization and energy efficiency through VM migration. Improper VM placement during consolidation may cause frequent VM migrations and constant on–off switching of PMs, which can significantly hurt QoS and increase energy consumption. Most existing algorithms on efficient VM placement suffer the problem of easily falling into a sub-optimum prematurely since they are heuristic. Also, they do not achieve a good balance between multiple different goals, such as resource utilization, QoS, and energy efficiency. To address this problem, we propose an effective and efficient VM placement approach called MOEA/D-based VM placement, with the goal of optimizing energy efficiency and resource utilization. We develop an improved MOEA/D algorithm to search for a Pareto-compromise solution for VM placement. Our experiment results demonstrate that the proposed multi-objective optimization (MOO) model and VM placement solution have immense potential as it offers significant cost savings and a significant improvement in energy efficiency and resource utilization under dynamic workload scenarios.
Undergraduate students’ knowledge outcomes and how these relate to their educational experiences: a longitudinal study of chemistry in two countries
Authors: Ashwin Paul , Blackie Margaret , Pitterson Nicole , Smit Reneé 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAre the ways of engaging with the world that students develop through higher education particular to bodies of knowledge they study? In this article, we examine how students’ accounts of the discipline of chemistry in England and South Africa changed over the three years of their undergraduate degrees. Based on a longitudinal phenomenographic analysis of 105 interviews with 33 chemistry students over the course of their undergraduate degrees in four institutions, we constituted five qualitatively different ways of describing chemistry. These ranged from chemistry as something that happens when things are mixed in a laboratory to a more inclusive account that described chemistry as being able to explain molecular interactions in unfamiliar environments. Most students expressed more inclusive accounts of chemistry by the end of their degrees and the level of change appeared to be related to their educational experiences. In contrast to approaches that emphasise the generic student outcomes from higher education, these findings highlight the importance of recognising the distinctive outcomes that students gain from their engagement with particular bodies of disciplinary knowledge. It further highlights the importance of students understanding their degrees as an educational experience that requires them to commit to engaging with these bodies of knowledge.
Measuring the Impact of Forest Edges on the Highly Arboreal Sahamalaza Sportive Lemur, Lepilemur Sahamalaza, in North-Western Madagascar
Authors: Mandl Isabella , Rabemananjara Naina , Holderied Marc , Schwitzer Christoph 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The progressive fragmentation of forest habitat is causing an increase in edge areas that may differ structurally and in quality from forest interiors. We investigated the impact of edge effects on habitat structure, behaviour, and ecology of the small, nocturnal, and highly arboreal Sahamalaza sportive lemur, Lepilemur sahamalaza. To understand edge effects, we established edge-to-interior gradients using temperature, humidity, and light intensity measurements along transects. From 773 h of behavioural observations on 14 individual sportive lemurs between 2015 and 2016, we compared home range sizes, activity budgets, and habitat use of animals inhabiting the edge area and those in the core forest. We found that microclimatic edge effects penetrated the forest up to 165 m, but that there was no significant edge effect on vegetation; forest vegetation was structurally variable throughout. Individual sportive lemurs living in the edge area used more trees with a diameter at breast height of less than 5 cm but showed no other behavioural differences to individuals inhabiting the core forest. The study shows that this species may not be impacted by edge effects, at least in situations in which vegetation structure is not affected, despite microclimatic differences.
Targeting of neuroinflammation by glibenclamide in Covid-19: old weapon from arsenal
Authors: Batiha Gaber El-Saber , Al-kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Gareeb Ali I. , Alruwaili Mubarak , AlRuwaili Raed , Albogami Sarah M. , Alorabi Mohammed , Saad Hebatallah M. , Simal-Gandara Jesus 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) era, neuroinflammation may develop due to neuronal tropism of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and/or associated immune activation, cytokine storm, and psychological stress. SARS-CoV-2 infection and linked cytokine storm may cause blood–brain barrier (BBB) injury through which activated immune cells and SARS-CoV-2 can pass into the brain causing activation of glial cells with subsequent neuroinflammation. Different therapeutic regimens were suggested to alleviate Covid-19-induced neuroinflammation. Since glibenclamide has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, it could be effective in mitigation of SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced neuroinflammation. Glibenclamide is a second-generation drug from the sulfonylurea family, which acts by inhibiting the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive K channel in the regulatory subunit of type 1 sulfonylurea receptor (SUR-1) in pancreatic β cells. Glibenclamide reduces neuroinflammation and associated BBB injury by inhibiting the nod-like receptor pyrin 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, oxidative stress, and microglial activation. Therefore, glibenclamide through inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome, microglial activation, and oxidative stress may attenuate SARS-CoV-2-mediated neuroinflammation.
Shelf-life stability of Asparagopsis bromoform in oil and freeze-dried powder
Authors: Tan Siong , Harris Jessica , Roque Breanna M. , Askew Shane , Kinley Robert D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The idea of delivering bromoform from Asparagopsis using edible oil has gained momentum recently due to the improved processing time and that it is already a feed that many livestock producers use. The stability of bromoform in oil compared to freeze-dried product is still not well understood. To fill this gap, a systematic study was carried out to determine the effects of storage temperatures (40 °C, 25 °C, 4 °C and -20 °C), fluorescent light and exposure to open air, on the retention of bromoform in freeze-dried Asparagopsis (FD-Asp) and Asparagopsis oil (Asp-Oil) over 24-week period. In the absence of fluorescent light, Asp-Oil was a more effective way to preserve bromoform compared to FD-Asp due to either no change or higher Asp-Oil bromoform content (storage temperature dependent) after 24-week storage. Under the same conditions, FD-Asp bromoform content decreased by 74% at 40 °C, 53% at 25 °C, 6% at 4 °C, and no change of FD-Asp bromoform content at -20 °C. The presence of fluorescent light negatively affected Asp-Oil bromoform content at both 25 °C and 40 °C while the effect was insignificant on FD-Asp. The exposure of Asp-Oil to open air resulted in the decrease of bromoform content to below quantification limit (0.18 mg g−1) on week 8 for 40 °C sample and on week 16 for 25 °C sample. This study provides empirical evidence on the stabilising effect of oil in preserving bromoform extracted from Asparagopsis, confirming it is a more attractive medium to deliver bromoform compared to the freeze-dried powder form.
Social Needs and Acculturation as Predictors of Emotional Problems and Perceived Stress Among Latinx Mothers with Low Income
Authors: Keeton Victoria F. , Bell Janice F. , Gottlieb Laura M. , Drake Christiana , Pantell Matthew , Hessler Danielle , Wing Holly , Fernandez y Garcia Erik O. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAssociations between household social needs, acculturation, and emotional health remain understudied, particularly among Latinx mothers. We analyzed baseline survey data from 455 Latinx mothers in a previous study. Using multinomial regression, we examined whether emotional problems and perceived stress were associated with household social needs and acculturation. Almost half the sample reported four or more household social needs. Social needs cumulatively and independently predicted increased odds of frequent emotional problems or perceived stress. Lower acculturation predicted lower odds of frequent emotional problems. There is increased risk for emotional problems and stress in low-income Latinx mothers who experience high social need. Integrated social service and mental health care models may be one way to improve health outcomes. More research is needed to understand how clinical settings can leverage unique cultural protective factors to address the social and emotional health needs of Latinx mothers.