bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of lipid measures with total occlusion in patients with established coronary artery disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Tianyu , Yuan Deshan , Wang Peizhi , Jia Sida , Zhang Ce , Zhu Pei , Song Ying , Tang Xiaofang , Zhao Xueyan , Gao Zhan , Yang Yuejin , Gao Runlin , Xu Bo , Yuan Jinqing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundTotal occlusion is the most severe coronary lesion, indicating heavy ischemic burden and poor prognosis. The lipid profile is central to the development of atherosclerotic coronary lesions. Evidence on the optimal lipid measure to be monitored and managed in patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD) is inconclusive.MethodsTotal cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), nonhigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c), lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], apolipoprotein B (apoB), non-HDL-c/HDL-c, and apoB/apoA-1 were analyzed in quintiles and as continuous variables. The associations of lipid measures with total occlusion were tested using logistic regression models, visualized with restricted cubic splines, and compared by areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC). Discordance analysis was performed when apoB/apoA-1 and non-HDL-c/HDL-c were not in concordance.ResultsThe prospective cohort study included 10,003 patients (mean age: 58 years; women: 22.96%), with 1879 patients having total occlusion. The risks of total occlusion significantly increased with quintiles of Lp(a), non-HDL-c/HDL-c, and apoB/apoA-1 (allpfor trend < 0.001). TG had no association with total occlusion. Restricted cubic splines indicate significant positive linear relations between the two ratios and total occlusion [odds ratio per 1-standard deviation increase (95% confidence interval): non-HDL-c/HDL-c: 1.135 (1.095–1.176),p < 0.001; apoB/apoA-1: 2.590 (2.049–3.274),p < 0.001]. The AUROCs of apoB/apoA-1 and non-HDL-c/HDL-c were significantly greater than those of single lipid measures. Elevation in the apoB/apoA-1 tertile significantly increased the risk of total occlusion at a given non-HDL-c/HDL-c tertile but not vice versa.ConclusionApoB/apoA-1 confers better predictive power for total occlusion than non-HDL-c/HDL-c and single lipid measures in established CAD patients.
Brain activity during dual-task standing in older adults
Authors: Kahya Melike , Gouskova Natalia A. , Lo On-Yee , Zhou Junhong , Cappon Davide , Finnerty Emma , Pascual-Leone Alvaro , Lipsitz Lewis A. , Hausdorff Jeffrey M. , Manor Brad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
In older adults, the extent to which performing a cognitive task when standing diminishes postural control is predictive of future falls and cognitive decline. The neurophysiology of such “dual-tasking” and its effect on postural control (i.e., dual-task cost) in older adults are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to use electroencephalography (EEG) to examine the effects of dual-tasking when standing on brain activity in older adults. We hypothesized that compared to single-task “quiet” standing, dual-task standing would decrease alpha power, which has been linked to decreased motor inhibition, as well as increase the ratio of theta to beta power, which has been linked to increased attentional control.

Methods
Thirty older adults without overt disease completed four separate visits. Postural sway together with EEG (32-channels) were recorded during trials of standing with and without a concurrent verbalized serial subtraction dual-task. Postural control was measured by average sway area, velocity, and path length. EEG metrics included absolute alpha-, theta-, and beta-band powers as well as theta/beta power ratio, within six demarcated regions-of-interest: the left and right anterior, central, and posterior regions of the brain.

Results
Most EEG metrics demonstrated moderate-to-high between-day test–retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficients > 0.70). Compared with quiet standing, dual-tasking decreased alpha-band power particularly in the central regions bilaterally (p = 0.002) and increased theta/beta power ratio in the anterior regions bilaterally (p < 0.001). A greater increase in theta/beta ratio from quiet standing to dual-tasking in numerous demarcated brain regions correlated with greater dual-task cost (i.e., absolute increase, indicative of worse performance) to postural sway metrics (r = 0.45–0.56, p < 0.01). Lastly, participants who exhibited greater alpha power during dual-tasking in the anterior-right (r = 0.52, p < 0.01) and central-right (r = 0.48, p < 0.01) regions had greater postural sway velocity during dual-tasking.

Conclusion
In healthy older adults, alpha power and theta/beta power ratio change with dual-task standing. The change in theta/beta power ratio in particular may be related to the ability to regulate standing postural control when simultaneously performing unrelated, attention-demanding cognitive tasks. Modulation of brain oscillatory activity might therefore be a novel target to minimize dual-task cost in older adults.
Neuro-cognitive assessment of intentional control methods for a soft elbow exosuit using error-related potentials
Authors: Tacca Nicholas , Nassour John , Ehrlich Stefan K. , Berberich Nicolas , Cheng Gordon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSoft exosuits offer promise to support users in everyday workload tasks by providing assistance. However, acceptance of such systems remains low due to the difficulty of control compared with rigid mechatronic systems. Recently, there has been progress in developing control schemes for soft exosuits that move in line with user intentions. While initial results have demonstrated sufficient device performance, the assessment of user experience via the cognitive response has yet to be evaluated. To address this, we propose a soft pneumatic elbow exosuit designed based on our previous work to provide assistance in line with user expectations utilizing two existing state-of-the-art control methods consisting of a gravity compensation and myoprocessor based on muscle activation. A user experience study was conducted to assess whether the device moves naturally with user expectations and the potential for device acceptance by determining when the exosuit violated user expectations through the neuro-cognitive and motor response. Brain activity from electroencephalography (EEG) data revealed that subjects elicited error-related potentials (ErrPs) in response to unexpected exosuit actions, which were decodable across both control schemes with an average accuracy of 76.63 ± 1.73% across subjects. Additionally, unexpected exosuit actions were further decoded via the motor response from electromyography (EMG) and kinematic data with a grand average accuracy of 68.73 ± 6.83% and 77.52 ± 3.79% respectively. This work demonstrates the validation of existing state-of-the-art control schemes for soft wearable exosuits through the proposed soft pneumatic elbow exosuit. We demonstrate the feasibility of assessing device performance with respect to the cognitive response through decoding when the device violates user expectations in order to help understand and promote device acceptance.
Photolysis of caged cytokinin in single cells of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Dow Lachlan , Barrow Russell A. , White Rosemary G. , Mathesius Ulrike 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Cytokinins are a class of phytohormone that play a crucial role in the development of plants. They are involved in the regulation of nearly every aspect of plant growth, from germination to senescence. The role of cytokinins in many developmental programs is complex and varies both spatially and temporally. Current techniques used to investigate the functions of cytokinins in plant development lack this spatial and temporal resolution required to observe cell-type specific effects.

Results
To this end, we present a method of activating a caged cytokinin in single cells. A caged benzyladenine was synthesized, along with caged adenine as a negative control. In vitro testing confirmed ultraviolet light-mediated uncaging, and subsequent root growth assays demonstrated that uncaging produced a cytokinin phenotype. This uncaging was confined to single cells using multiphoton confocal microscopy. Using an Arabidopsis thaliana cytokinin reporter line expressing TCSn::GFP, the resulting GFP expression was confined to the uncaging region, including in single cells. This study presents a novel cell-targeted method of cytokinin delivery, which has the potential to elucidate a broad range of processes in plant development.

Conclusions
We combined multiphoton confocal microscopy and a caged cytokinin treatment, allowing cell type-specific uncaging of a cytokinin in Arabidopsis roots.
Diagnosis and treatment of right ventricular dysfunction in patients with COVID-19 on veno-venous extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Khorsandi Maziar , Keenan Jeffrey , Adcox Mackenzie , Tabesh Ariyan , Badulak Jenelle , Pal Jay , Mulligan Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Veno-venous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an effective, but highly resource intensive salvage treatment option in COVID patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is a known sequelae of COVID-19 induced ARDS, yet there is a paucity of data on the incidence and determinants of RV dysfunction on VV ECMO. We retrospectively examined the determining factors leading to RV failure and means of early identification of this phenomenon in patients on VV ECMO.

Methods
The data was extracted from March 2020 to March 2021 from the regional University of Washington Extracorporeal Life Support database. The inclusion criteria included patients > 18 years of age with diagnosis of COVID-19. All had already been intubated and mechanically ventilated prior to VV ECMO deployment. Univariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors and surrogate markers for RV dysfunction. In addition, we compared outcomes between those with and without RV dysfunction.

Results
Of the 33 patients that met inclusion criteria, 14 (42%) had echocardiographic evidence of RV dysfunction, 3 of whom were placed on right ventricular assist device support. Chronic lung disease was an independent risk factor for RV dysfunction (p = 0.0002). RV dysfunction was associated with a six-fold increase in troponin I (0.07 ng/ml vs. 0.44 ng/ml, p = 0.039) and four-fold increase in brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) (158 pg/ml vs. 662 pg/ml, p = 0.037). Deep vein thrombosis (DVT, 21% vs. 43%, p = 0.005) and pulmonary embolism (PE, 11% vs. 21%, p = 0.045) were found to be nearly twice as common in the RV dysfunction group. Total survival rate to hospital discharge was 39%. Data trended towards shorter duration of hospital stay (47 vs. 65.6 days, p = 0.15), shorter duration of ECMO support (21 days vs. 36 days, p = 0.06) and improved survival rate to hospital discharge (42.1% vs. 35.7%, p = 0.47) for those with intact RV function compared to the RV dysfunction group.

Conclusions
RV dysfunction in critically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in common. Trends of troponin I and BNP may be important surrogates for monitoring RV function in patients on VV ECMO. We recommend echocardiographic assessment of the RV on such patients.
Malignant testicular unclassified sex cord stromal tumor: a case report
Authors: Morinaga Shingo , Aoki Shigeyuki , Tsuzuki Toyonori , Kanematsu Keiko , Kawai Naoki , Sato Sayuri , Nakamizu Kotomi , Goto Kana , Niwa Miho , Nomura Ikuko , Sawada Tomoko , Futamachi Ruriko , Morita Fujio , Yamada Yoshiaki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Most testicular tumors are germ cell tumors; sex cord stromal tumors are infrequent, accounting for only 3–5% of testicular tumors. Unclassified sex cord stromal tumors are extremely rare. Generally, 10% of sex cord stromal tumors are malignant. We report a case of malignant unclassified sex cord stromal tumor with retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis at first visit and a corresponding literature review.

Case presentation
A 72-year-old Japanese man visited our department primarily for indolent right scrotum enlargement in September 2020. Blood biochemistry examination, urinalysis, and tumor markers (alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, and lactate dehydrogenase) showed no abnormal findings. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed enlarged para-aortic lymph node (18 × 16 and 10 × 102 mm); a 50 × 452 mm mass with uneven contents was found in the right testicle. The patient underwent inguinal orchiectomy in September 2020. As per immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells were diffusely positive for SF-1 and Ki-67, partially positive for inhibin, and negative for CAM5.2, CK7, CK20, C-KIT, CD30, LCA, GATA-3, TTF-1, and PAX8. Calretinin was expressed in approximately 5% of tumor cells; thus, sex cord/gonadal stroma components were considered to be involved. The final pathological diagnosis was unclassified malignant sex cord stromal tumor. The patient was diagnosed with pT1, N1, M0, S0, and tumor–node–metastasis stage IIA disease. The patient received postoperative chemotherapy with four courses of etoposide and cisplatin therapy from November 2020. Post-chemotherapeutic computed tomography showed new metastatic lesions including lung, liver, pancreas, and para-aortic lymphadenopathy, which increased in size. Disease progression was observed. Cancer genome research was performed using the OncoGuide National Cancer Center oncopanel system; however, no gene mutation for which the drug could be expected to be effective was found. The patient opted for best supportive care at a nearby hospital and died from cancer progression in January 2022.

Conclusion
We encountered a case of malignant testicular unclassified sex cord stromal tumor pathologically diagnosed as testicular tumor with retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis in a patient who underwent inguinal orchiectomy. Future data collection is necessary to establish multimodality therapy for malignant testicular unclassified sex cord stromal tumor.
Effects of compost on onion quality, yield, and thrips infestation
Authors: Showler Allan T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlthough onion, Allium cepa L., production has been enhanced by the addition of organic matter to soil, other reports indicated no effect. In this study, onion plots (var. Sweet Sunrise) were treated with conventional fertilizer, composted sugar mill ash and vegetative yard waste, or fertilizer + compost. Measurements during two consecutive growing seasons in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas were recorded on soil nutrients, nutrients in onion leaf tissue, leaf lengths, bulb yields in terms of numbers and weights in different size classes, and biochemical qualities. Our study demonstrates that the compost enriched soil fertility, particularly P, K, and Zn; percentage N in the onion leaf tissue was increased to the same extent as plants that received fertilizer; and leaves grew as long as in plots with fertilizer. At harvest, small cull bulbs were consistently the most prevalent in the control, and although compost had a positive influence on numbers and weights of marketable bulbs, fertilizer provided the highest yields during the first growing season. During the second season, however, marketable bulbs in composted plots were as abundant as in the plots receiving fertilizer. Treatment effects on thrips-induced leaf scarring were negligible. We conclude that the compost was useful for increasing marketable onion yield, and that effects improved as the compost decomposed over the two consecutive growing seasons.
Animal species identification utilising DNAs extracted from traditionally manufactured gelatin (Wanikawa)
Authors: Kuramata Haruki , Hashiba Miho , Kai Yuriko , Nishizawa Kazuhisa , Inoue Tsuyoshi , Kikuchi-Ueda Takane , Uetsuki Manabu , Yamauchi Kazuya , Fujisawa Akira , Oshikane Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Gelatin, sourced from collagen, is an acid-, alkali- or enzymatically hydrolysed product obtained from animal skins and bones. Gelatin has been widely used for the manufacture of various cultural objects, e.g. as a water-soluble binder for dissolving pigments, and as a glue for musical instruments and traditional crafts along with human history. The identification of animal species in gelatin, hence, could provide a critical clue for understanding human history including lifestyles, the culture and the technologies. However, there has been no valid method established to date for identifying the animal species from traditional gelatins. We herein report that the nucleic acids contents (dsDNA, ssDNA and miRNA) from commercially-available gelatins manufactured according to classical procedures (wanikawa) exhibited much higher (about 10 times) than those from modern gelatins made through an industrialised process (yonikawa), suggesting that DNA analysis using the gelatins from cultural assets could be substantially feasible. Moreover, targeting not only commercially available niwaka but also Ukiyo-e, Japanese classical art manufactured through woodblock printings, we here illustrate partial successes in the animal species identification coupled with DNA barcoding technique, hopefully paving the way for scientifically more reliable animal species identifications of archaeological specimens made with a gelatin component.
Why are risk-sharing rules uncertain? A sociological study of local financial governance
Authors: Xiang Jinglin , Qiu Zeqi , Zhang Xiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article discusses the uncertainty of risk-sharing rules in local financial governance. That is, when the formal risk-sharing rules of financial transactions are agreed upon in advance, actual operations are uncertain. First, the institutional contradiction at the macro-level is an important structural source of the uncertain rules at the micro-level. Second, institutional contradictions endow actors with conflicting bases of legitimacy and driving forces of interest, which induces games of norms and interests among investors, local governments, and intermediaries with regard to risk-sharing rules and leads to the competitive pattern of varied risk-sharing rules. Last, the combination of multiple legitimacy claims and multiple mechanisms of power competition leads to uncertainty in the risk-sharing rules of actual operations.
Can Beauveria bassiana reduce the root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus thornei, infection on wheat?
Authors: Göze Özdemir Fatma Gül , Uzun Yiğit Asiye , Demirözer Ozan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Limited number of control methods against root-lesion nematodes has increased the search for alternative management strategies. Due to secondary metabolites such as toxins and enzymes secreted by the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana, the number of studies on nematicidal potentials on many plant parasitic nematodes has increased. Almost no work was done on the nematicidal activity of B. bassiana, which is widely used as a bio-insecticide, on the root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus thornei, commonly found on wheat in Turkey. In the present study, it was aimed to determine the pathogenicity of two native B. bassiana isolates (BIM-001 and BY2) obtained from Turkey against P. thornei on wheat under controlled conditions.

Results
Spore suspension of B. bassiana isolates affected P. thornei soil, root, final nematode density and reproduction rate at different degrees according to spore concentration. The soil, root, total nematode density, and reproduction rate in the control on İkizce cv. were 1234.0 adult + larvae/500 g soil, 1105.0 adult + larvae/per pot, 2341.0 (soil + root density) and 5.8 (PF(final nematode density/PI (initial inoculum density)), respectively. It was determined that these parameter values were at the lowest at 108 spore/ml than other concentrations in both isolates of B. bassiana. In 108 spore/ml concentrations of BIM-001 isolate, while P. thornei soil, root, total nematode density, and reproduction rate on İkizce were 641.7 adult + larvae/500 g soil, 930.9 adult + larvae/per pot, 1572.6 (soil + root density) and 3.9 (PF/PI), respectively, these parameter values were found to be 645.2 adult + larvae/500 g soil, 849.0 adult + larvae/per pot, 1492.2 (soil + root density) and 3.6 (PF/PI) at 108 spore/ml concentrations of BY2 isolate. It was observed that the reproduction rate of P. thornei decreased at 108 spore/ml concentration of BIM-001 and BY2 isolates compared to the control.

Conclusion
Native B. bassiana isolates of BIM-001 and BY2 reduced P. thornei on wheat and the concentration was important for the pathogenicity of B. bassiana. While the reproduction rate of P. thornei at 108 and 107 spores/ml concentrations in both isolates decreased than the control. At 106 spore/ml concentration it was found similar to the control. Even though B. bassiana is known as an effective biocontrol agent against insects and some plant-parasitic nematodes, more detailed studies should be done on its effect on P. thornei.
Seismic collapse risk of RC-timber hybrid building with different energy dissipation connections considering NBCC 2020 hazard
Authors: Odikamnoro Ikenna , Badal Prakash S. , Burton Henry , Tesfamariam Solomon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe 2020 National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) seismic hazard model (SHM) marks a comprehensive update over its predecessor (NBCC 2015). For different regions in Canada, this will have an impact on the design of new buildings and performance assessment of existing ones. In the present study, a recently developed hybrid building system with reinforced concrete (RC) moment-resisting frames and cross-laminated timber (CLT) infills is assessed for its seismic performance against the latest SHM. The six-story RC-CLT hybrid system, designed using the direct displacement-based method, is located in Vancouver, Canada. Along with very high seismicity, southwestern British Columbia is characterized by complex seismotectonics, consisting of subduction, shallow crustal, and in-slab faulting mechanisms. A hazard-consistent set of 40 ground motion pairs is selected from the PEER and KiK-net databases, and used to estimate the building’s seismic performance. The effects of using steel slit dampers (associated with large hysteresis loops) and flag-shaped energy dissipators (associated with the recentering capability) are investigated. The results indicate that the hybrid system has good seismic performance with a probability of collapse of 2–3% at the 2475-year return period shaking intensity. The hybrid building with steel slit dampers exhibits a collapse margin ratio of 2.8, which increases to 3.5–3.6 when flag-shaped dissipators are used. The flag-shaped dissipators are found to significantly reduce the residual drift of the hybrid building. Additionally, the seismic performance of the hybrid building equipped with flag-shaped dissipators is found to improve marginally when the recentering ratio is increased.