bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive study of the inclusive production of negative pions in p+p collisions for interaction energies from 3 GeV to 13 TeV covering the non-perturbative sector of the strong interaction
Authors: Fischer H. G. , Makariev M. , Varga D. , Wenig S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOver the past 60 years a rich sample of experimental results concerning the inclusive production of $$\pi ^-$$

π
-

mesons has been obtained spanning a range from about 3 GeV to 13 TeV in interaction energy. This paper attempts a model-independent overview of these results with the aim at obtaining an internally consistent data description on a dense grid over the three inclusive variables transverse momentum, rapidity or Feynman $$x_F$$

x
F

and interaction energy. The study concentrates on the non-perturbative sector of the strong interaction by limiting the transverse momenta to $$p_T<$$

p
T

<

1.3 GeV/c. The three-dimensional interpolation which is mandatory and necessary for this aim is shown to provide a controlled systematic precision of better than 5%. This accuracy allows for a critical inspection of each of the 40 experiments concerned in turn. It also allows precision tests of some of the physics concepts developed around inclusive processes like energy scaling, “thermal” production and the evolution of transverse momenta.
Confronting dark fermion with a doubly charged Higgs in the left–right symmetric model
Authors: Dey Shyamashish , Ghosh Purusottam , Rai Santosh Kumar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe consider a fermionic dark matter (DM) in the left–right symmetric framework by introducing a pair of vector-like (VL) doublets in the particle spectrum. The stability of the DM is ensured through an unbroken $$\mathcal {Z}_2$$

Z
2

symmetry. We explore the parameter space of the model compatible with the observed relic density and direct and indirect detection cross sections. The presence of charged dark fermions opens up an interesting possibility for the doubly charged Higgs signal at LHC and ILC. The signal for the doubly charged scalar decaying into the dark sector is analyzed in multilepton final states for a few representative parameter choices consistent with DM observations.
Studies on the $$H\rightarrow bb$$ cross section measurement at the LHeC with a full detector simulation
Authors: Behera Subhasish , Brickwedde Bernard , Schott Matthias 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe future Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC) would allow collisions of an intense electron beam with protons or heavy ions at the High Luminosity-Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). Owing to a center of mass energy greater than a TeV and very high luminosity ($$\sim $$
∼
1 $$ab^{-1}$$

a

b

-
1

), the LHeC would not only be a new generation collider for deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) but also an important facility for precision Higgs physics, complementary to pp and $$e^+e^-$$

e
+

e
-

colliders. Previously, it has been found that uncertainties of $$0.8\%$$

0.8
%

and $$7.4\%$$

7.4
%

can be achieved on the Higgs boson coupling strength to b- and c-quarks respectively. These results were obtained in the fast simulation frameworks for the LHeC detector. Focusing on the dominant Higgs boson decay channel, $$H\rightarrow bb$$

H
→
b
b

, the present work aims to give a comparison of these results with a fully simulated detector. We present our results in this study using the publicly available ATLAS software infrastructure. Based on state-of-the art reconstruction algorithms, a novel analysis of the bb decay could be performed leading to an independent verification of the existing results to an exceptionally high precision.
Learning new physics efficiently with nonparametric methods
Authors: Letizia Marco , Losapio Gianvito , Rando Marco , Grosso Gaia , Wulzer Andrea , Pierini Maurizio , Zanetti Marco , Rosasco Lorenzo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe present a machine learning approach for model-independent new physics searches. The corresponding algorithm is powered by recent large-scale implementations of kernel methods, nonparametric learning algorithms that can approximate any continuous function given enough data. Based on the original proposal by D’Agnolo and Wulzer (Phys Rev D 99(1):015014, 2019, arXiv:1806.02350 [hep-ph]), the model evaluates the compatibility between experimental data and a reference model, by implementing a hypothesis testing procedure based on the likelihood ratio. Model-independence is enforced by avoiding any prior assumption about the presence or shape of new physics components in the measurements. We show that our approach has dramatic advantages compared to neural network implementations in terms of training times and computational resources, while maintaining comparable performances. In particular, we conduct our tests on higher dimensional datasets, a step forward with respect to previous studies.
Schwinger effect and a uniformly accelerated observer
Authors: Kaushal Shagun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article investigates the Schwinger effect for fermions with background electric and magnetic fields of constant strengths from the point of view of a uniformly accelerated or the Rindler observer. The Dirac equation is solved in a closed form, and the field quantisation in the $$(3+1)$$

(
3
+
1
)

-dimensional Rindler spacetime is performed. The orthonormal local in and out modes for the causally disconnected right and left wedges and the Bogoliubov relations between them are obtained. Next, the global modes are constructed to cover the whole spacetime, and the Bogoliubov relationship between the local and global operators is found. Using them the squeezed state expansion of the global vacuum in terms of local states is acquired and accordingly, the spectra of created particles is found. Clearly, there are two sources of particle creation in this scenario – the Schwinger as well as the Unruh effects. Our chief aim is to investigate the role of the strength of the background electromagnetic fields on the spectra of created particles. We also discuss very briefly some possible implication of this result in the context of quantum entanglement.
Editorial: New frontiers in holographic duality
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Ayan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOver the last 25 years, holographic duality has revolutionised our understanding of gauge theories, quantum many-body systems and also quantum black holes. This topical issue is a collection of review articles on recent advances in fundamentals of holographic duality and its applications with special focus on a few areas where it is inter-disciplinary to a large measure. The aim is to provide a sufficient background on relevant phenomenology and other theoretical areas such as quantum information theory to researchers whose primary expertise is in quantum fields, strings and gravity, and also the necessary concepts and methods of holography to researchers in other fields, so that these recent developments could be grasped and hopefully further developed by a wider community. The topics relating to fundamental aspects include understanding of bulk spacetime reconstruction in holography in the framework of quantum error correction along with the spectacular advances in resolution of the information paradoxes of quantum black holes; quantum complexity and its fundamental role in connecting holography with quantum information theory; theoretical and experimental advances in quantum simulators for information mirroring and scrambling in quantum black holes, and teleportation via wormholes; and a pedagogical review on wormholes also. The topics related to applied holography include applications to hydrodynamic attractor and its phenomenological implications, modelling of equation of state of QCD matter in neutron stars, and finally estimating hadronic contribution to light-by-light scattering for theoretical computation of the muon’s $$g-2$$

g
-
2

.
Plasma model and Drude model permittivities in Lifshitz formula
Authors: Nesterenko V. V. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAt the physical level of rigour it is shown that there are no substantial theoretical arguments in favour of using either plasma mode permittivity or Drude model permittivity in the Lifshitz formula. The decision in this question rests with the comparison of theoretical calculations with the experiment. In the course of the study the derivation of the fluctuation–dissipation theorem is proposed where it is displayed clear at which reasoning stage and in what way the dissipation is taken into account. In particular it is shown how this theorem works in the case of the system with reversible dynamics, that is when dissipation is absent. Thereby it is proved that explicit assertion according to which this theorem is inapplicable to systems without dissipation is erroneous. The research is based on making use of the rigorous formalism of equilibrium two-time Green functions in statistical physics at finite temperature.
Afghanistan's mineral fortune: prospects for fuelling a green transition?
Authors: Hale Thomas N. , Ali Saleem H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Research conducted over the last four decades emphasizes the growing importance of Afghanistan's mineral resources as a potential driver for economic growth. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) estimates this fortune could be worth as much as $900 billion USD in key metals and materials essential for the energy transition. However, a protracted civil war, corruption, absent or deficient infrastructure and extreme water stress prevent the extractive sector from becoming a key pillar of the Afghan economy. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of Afghanistan's mineral fortune and the prospects and obstacles of mining post-US withdrawal under Taliban rule. Five core components are provided in this analysis. First, a historical overview of Afghanistan's mineral resource development will be presented. Tapping into Afghanistan's mineral fortune requires a deep understanding of the Afghan people, and countries should not view investment through only a political risk lens, but rather take a holistic approach that incorporates environmental and social governance by giving a fair portion of the mineral wealth to the Afghan people. Second, a brief overview of the key mineral deposits and research conducted into Afghanistan's reserves will be provided. This paper builds on previous research identifying six specific provinces and deposits with the highest mineral production potential (MPP) from the original 24 areas of interest (AOIs) provided by USGS. Third, the authors emphasize the importance of water for the future of Afghanistan's mining sector and the nexus with water (in)security dynamics that will impact the stability of the country if overlooked. Overlaying various Geographic Information Systems (GIS) maps (watersheds, food insecurity, water stress, geohazards and water depletion) helps identifying which of the six provinces with highest mineral production potential has the highest risk of water (in)security threats from mining. Fourth, we provide a review of the current security and mining landscape under the Taliban regime, and the challenges and opportunities for investment in the country. China's growing interest in Afghanistan and warming relations with the Taliban beg the question what role Beijing will play, if any, as the next intervening power in Afghanistan's history. Finally, this chapter concludes with some general policy recommendations for moving forward in the context of a post-US withdrawal from Afghanistan. Investment in Afghan mining is an investment in the Afghan people.
Identification of the Novel Gene Markers Based on the Gene Profile among Different Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Ren Yi , Li Yanyan , Sui Xuemei , Yuan Jinhe , Lan Jun , Li Xiayu , Deng Yue , Xu Zhiping , Cheng Xiu , Zhao Changjing , Lu Junyu 
Published: October 2022

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is caused by repeated blockage of the upper respiratory airways during sleep. The traditional evaluation methods for OSA severity are yet limited. This study aimed to screen gene signatures to effectively evaluate OSA severity. Expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the different severities of OSA patients were accessed from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. A total of 446 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened among the varying severities of OSA samples by analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. A total of 1,152 DEGs were screened between the pre- and post-treatment OSA samples by using

t

test. Overlap of the two groups of DEGs was selected (88 DEGs) for Metascape enrichment analysis. Afterwards, Mfuzz package was used to perform soft clustering analysis on these 88 genes, by which 6 clusters were obtained. It was observed that the gene expression condition of the cluster 3 was positively associated with OSA severity degree; also, the gene expression condition in cluster 4 was negatively correlated with OSA severity. A total of 10 gene markers related to OSA progression were selected from cluster 3 and cluster 4. Their expression levels and correlation were analyzed. The marker genes in cluster 3 and cluster 4 were examined, finding that most genes were significantly correlated with apnea hypopnea index (AHI). An accurate and objective assessment of the severity of OSA is of great significance for formulating follow-up treatment strategies for patients with OSA. In this paper, a set of marker genes that can detect the severity of OSA were screened by bioinformatics methods, which could be jointly used with the traditional OSA diagnostic index to achieve a more reliable OSA severity evaluation.
Demonstration of the Antitumor Activity of the iNKT Agonist ABX196, a Novel Enhancer of Cancer Immunotherapy, in Melanoma and Hepatocarcinoma Mouse Models
Authors: Scherrer Didier , Barrett Noel , Teyton Luc , Pearce Tillman , Nitcheu Josianne , Pouletty Philippe , Santo Julien , Ehrlich Hartmut J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Immune checkpoint blockers (ICB) provide a promising approach to antitumor immunotherapy through blockade of immunosuppressive pathways. The synthetic glycolipid, ABX196, is a potent stimulator of invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT), a small subset of regulatory lymphocytes, which are powerful enhancers of immunity when activated. ABX196 was investigated alone and in combination with chemotherapy and ICBs in a melanoma B16F10 tumor cell-bearing and an orthotopic Hepa 1–6 hepatocarcinoma (HCC) cell-bearing C57BL/6 mice model. In the melanoma model, immune response evaluation included immunofluorescence staining and detection by flow cytometry to identify anti-CD45, anti-CD8, anti-CD4, anti-CD3, anti-CD19, anti-FoxP3, CD1d tetramer, and anti—programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) markers. Analysis by MRI, liver weight, and IHC staining to detect CD4, CD8, F4/80, PD-1, programmed death-ligand 1, Ki67, and FoxP3 markers were used to measure antitumor response in the HCC model. Combination treatment with ABX196 and anti–PD-1 resulted in significant synergistic antitumor effects, reflected by the increase of CD8+ cells in the tumor and an increased ratio of CD8+ effector cells to FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) in mice with melanomas. ABX196 monotherapy and combination therapy resulted in antitumor effects in the HCC model. No significant differences in survival were demonstrated between monotherapy and combination therapy due to high response levels with either treatment. A synergistic combination effect was apparent when IFNγ was measured in peripheral blood, indicating sustained activation of iNKT cells. In both models, the antitumor effects were associated with a generation of a more advantageous T-effector to Treg cell ratio within the tumor, which could lead to in the proliferation and accumulation of cells that would otherwise be anergized.

Synopsis:
Using melanoma and HCC tumor models in mice, this study demonstrates the potential of ABX196, alone and in combination with anti–PD-1 antibody, as a novel strategy to overcome the immunosuppressive microenvironment and to produce antitumor activity.
The Boring Schwann Cells: Tumor Me-TAST-asis along Nerves
Authors: Amit Moran , Maitra Anirban 
Published: October 2022

Summary:Perineural spread is an ominous feature of cancer. Here, Deborde and colleagues describe for the first time the biophysical coupling driving this route of tumor spread and the role of Schwann cell activation in the mobilization of cancer cells within and along the tumor-associated nerves.See related article by Deborde et al., p. 2454 (8).
Dangerous Liaisons betweenTet2Mutation, Inflammatory Monocytes, and Leukemogenesis
Authors: Pietras Eric M. , DeGregori James 
Published: October 2022

Summary:Transgenic knockin mice expressing a common loss-of-function mutation in human TET2 exhibit aging-related accelerated myeloid leukemia development and skewing of myelopoiesis toward the production of proinflammatory MHC-IIhi monocytes that may contribute to disease.See related article by Yeaton et al., p. 2392 (2).
A new species of Marganana (Declivana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini), the first record of the genus from Brazil
Authors: Domahovski Alexandre Cruz , Cavichioli Rodney Ramiro 
Published: October 2022

Marganana DeLong, 1948 currently includes three species known to occur in the United States, Mexico and Guyana. In this paper, we describe a new species from Brazil – Marganana (Declivana) tetramaculata sp. nov. – which represents the first record of this genus for the country. A revised diagnosis of the subgenus Declivana is provided, along with detailed descriptions and illustrations of males and females of the new species. A key to the four species of Marganana is also provided.
Synergistic Effects of Particle Radioactivity (Gross β Activity) and Particulate Matter ≤2.5 μm Aerodynamic Diameter on Cardiovascular Disease Mortality
Authors: Dong Shuxin , Koutrakis Petros , Li Longxiang , Coull Brent A. , Schwartz Joel , Kosheleva Anna , Zanobetti Antonella 
Published: October 2022

Background

Although the effects of fine particulate matter (particulate matter ≤2.5 μm aerodynamic diameter [PM
2.5
]) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality are well established, little is known about the CVD health effects of particle radioactivity. In addition, there are still questions about which of the PM
2.5
physical, chemical, or biological properties are mostly responsible for its toxicity.

Methods and Results

We investigated the association between particle radioactivity, measured as gross β activity from highly resolved spatiotemporal predictions, and mortality for CVD, myocardial infarction, stroke, and all‐cause nonaccidental mortality in Massachusetts (2001–2015). Within both difference‐in‐differences model and generalized linear mixed model frameworks, we fit both single‐exposure and 2‐exposure models adjusting for PM
2.5
and examined the interaction between PM
2.5
and gross β activity. We found significant associations between gross β activity and PM
2.5
and each mortality cause. Using difference‐in‐differences and adjusting for PM
2.5
, we found the highest associations with myocardial infarction (rate ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.08–1.24]) and stroke (rate ratio, 1.11 [95% CI, 1.04–1.18]) for an interquartile range increase (0.055 millibecquerels per cubic meter) in gross β activity. We found a significant positive interaction between PM
2.5
and gross β activity, with higher associations between PM
2.5
and mortality at a higher level of gross β activity. We also observed that the associations varied across age groups. The results were comparable between the 2 statistical methods also with and without adjusting for PM
2.5
.

Conclusions

This is the first study that, using highly spatiotemporal predictions of gross β‐activity, provides evidence that particle radioactivity increases CVD mortality and enhances PM
2.5
CVD mortality. Therefore, particle radioactivity can be an important property of PM
2.5
that must be further investigated. Addressing this important question can lead to cost‐effective air‐quality regulations.
Archaean Memory Farm: Notes on the Creation Process
Authors:   Where Dogs Run, Inozemtseva Olga , Grekhova Natalia , Korzukhin Alexey 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article outlines the history, stages, and processes of work on the Archean Memory Farm project by the Where Dogs Run Group. The work is concerned with magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) as organisms that mediate between bio- and information technologies. The authors describe their experiments in creating a symbiotic bio-cybernetic structure, conceived as new media for preserving and transforming information. The article outlines ongoing experimentation with cultivating MTB and building a roboticized setup capable of both maintaining the environmental parameters needed for these species and using bacterial qualities for input and preservation of data, with the aim of receiving artificial “geological clots of information” created through hybrid human-bacterial efforts.
Fermenting Futures: An Artistic Exploration of Yeast Biotechnology
Authors: May Alex , Dumitriu Anna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Fermenting Futures project is a body of artworks by the authors that explore the importance of yeast from cultural, scientific, ethical, and aesthetic perspectives. The project was created through an embedded artists’ residency at the Institute of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology of the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria. Yeast’s ability to ferment alcohol and make bread rise has played a key role in the development of human civilization; the works in the project ask us to consider how yeast biotechnology might now help confront global environmental problems.
Aspects of the Digital Fermentation of Moving Images
Authors: Ilyushkina Victoria 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article examines the diverse methods used by artists working with both analog and digital images in time-based art, using examples from the collection of the CYLAND video archive. The aim of this brief study is to examine and analyze the “fermentation” of the image of film and video art in the transition from analog technologies working with film, light and color transmission, animation, and editing, to digital special effects, computer processing, spatial video and media installations, and the use of Web 2.0 and Web 3.0. The author dissects the creative methods of artists Evgeny Yufit, Boris Kazakov, Andrius Venclova, judmila Belova, Anna Frants, Alexander Shishkin-Hokusai, Alek Borisov, and Anna Tolkacheva. The author seeks to identify a certain fermentation that causes a “reaction” that changes the very structure and texture of an image and leads to the creation of vivid artistic expression.
Implementing Gender Provisions: A Study of the Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro in the Philippines
Authors: Duque-Salazar Juan Diego , Forsberg Erika , Olsson Louise 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
While scholars on gender provisions have focused on why and how this type of peace agreement clause gets incorporated, few studies have sought to improve our understanding of the implementation process. Addressing this gap empirically, this study utilizes unique interview material to analyze the initial stages of realizing the 2014 Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro in the Philippines. The article bridges and expands on key theoretical insights based on three explanations suggested by previous research: 1) state capacity on promoting gender equality; 2) the mobilization of women’s organizations; and 3) gender awareness of international actors. We find that the strategic actions of women’s organizations combined with state capacity accelerated the implementation. However, their influence was dependent on whether or not the government prioritized the gender provisions, and whether international actors provided financial support to the agreement infrastructure.