bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The genetic basis of transpiration sensitivity to vapor pressure deficit in wheat
Authors: Tamang Bishal G. , Monnens Daniel , Anderson James A. , Steffenson Brian J. , Sadok Walid 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGenetic manipulation of whole‐plant transpiration rate (TR) response to increasing atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD) is a promising approach for crop adaptation to various drought regimes under current and future climates. Genotypes with a non‐linear TR response to VPD are expected to achieve yield gains under terminal drought, thanks to a water conservation strategy, while those with a linear response exhibit a consumptive strategy that is more adequate for well‐watered or transient‐drought environments. In wheat, previous efforts indicated that TR has a genetic basis under naturally fluctuating conditions, but because TR is responsive to variation in temperature, photosynthetically active radiation, and evaporative demand, the genetic basis of its response VPD per se has never been isolated. To address this, we developed a controlled‐environment gravimetric phenotyping approach where we imposed VPD regimes independent from other confounding environmental variables. We screened three nested association mapping populations totaling 150 lines, three times over a 3‐year period. The resulting dataset, based on phenotyping nearly 1400 plants, enabled constructing 63‐point response curves for each genotype, which were subjected to a genome‐wide association study. The analysis revealed a hotspot for TR response to VPD on chromosome 5A, with SNPs explaining up to 17% of the phenotypic variance. The key SNPs were found in haploblocks that are enriched in membrane‐associated genes, consistent with the hypothesized physiological determinants of the trait. These results indicate a promising potential for identifying new alleles and designing next‐gen wheat cultivars that are better adapted to current and future drought regimes.
Challenging the water stress index concept: Thermographic assessment of Arabidopsis transpiration
Authors: Savvides Andreas M. , Velez‐Ramirez Aaron I. , Fotopoulos Vasileios 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWater stress may greatly limit plant functionality and growth. Stomatal closure and consequently reduced transpiration are considered as early and sensitive plant responses to drought and salinity stress. An important consequence of stomatal closure under water stress is the rise of leaf temperature (Tleaf), yet Tleaf is not only fluctuating with stomatal closure. It is regulated by several plant parameters and environmental factors. Thermal imaging and different stress indices, incorporating actual leaf/crop temperature and reference temperatures, were developed in previous studies toward normalizing for effects unassociated to water stress on Tleaf, aiming at a more efficient water stress assessment. The concept of stress indices has not been extensively studied on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the different indices employed in previous studies in assessing rosette transpiration rate (E) in Arabidopsis plants grown under two different light environments and subjected to salinity. After salinity imposition, E was gravimetrically quantified, and thermal imaging was employed to quantify rosette (Trosette) and artificial reference temperature (Twet, Tdry). Trosette and several water stress indices were tested for their relation to E. Among the microclimatic growth conditions tested, RWSI1 ([Trosette − Twet]/[Tdry − Twet]) and RWSI2 ([Tdry − Trosette]/[Tdry − Twet]) were well linearly‐related to E, irrespective of the light environment, while the sole use of either Twet or Tdry in different combinations with Trosette returned less accurate results. This study provides evidence that selected combinations of Trosette, Tdry, and Twet can be utilized to assess E under water stress irrespective of the light environment.
Efficacy and safety of hemodialysis strategies for pregnant women with chronic kidney disease: Systematic review
Authors: Martimbianco Ana Luiza Cabrera , Moreira Roberta de Fátima Carreira , Pacheco Rafael Leite , Latorraca Carolina de Oliveira Cruz , dos Santos Ana Paula Pires , Logullo Patrícia , Riera Rachel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPregnancy in chronic kidney disease (CKD) women is relatively rare, and the less risky choice of hemodialysis is unknown. The objective of this systematic review was to identify, systematically evaluate and summarize the available evidence on the efficacy and safety of hemodialysis strategies for pregnant CKD women. Sensitive search strategies were applied to six databases without data or language restrictions. Comparative (randomized and non‐randomized) studies were prioritized. Two reviewers independently selected, extracted, and critically evaluated data from studies. The risk of bias assessment was performed using the ROBINS‐I tool, considering the study design (non‐randomized comparative observational studies). The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. From 7210 references identified, six retrospective cohort studies were included (576 women). The effects of intensive hemodialysis (over 20 h/week) are uncertain for maternal and neonatal mortality (Peto odds ratio [OR] 0.85; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.26–2.80), miscarriage (Peto OR 0, 38; 95% CI 0.12–1.23), stillbirths (Peto OR 0, 56; 95% CI 0.13–2.31), preterm birth (Peto OR 0.87; 95% CI 0.33–2.28), low birth weight (Peto OR 0.71; 95% CI 0.20–2.50) and congenital anomalies rates. The certainty of the evidence was very low due to studies methodological limitations and effect estimates imprecision. The uncertainty about intensive versus conventional hemodialysis effects for pregnant women with CKD and the imprecision in the estimated effects precludes any recommendation. The strategy choice must consider treatment availability, costs, and maternal social aspects until future studies provide more reliable evidence. PROSPERO CRD42021259237.
Prediction models for carbapenem‐resistant Enterobacterales carriage at liver transplantation: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Freire Maristela Pinheiro , Rinaldi Matteo , Terrabuio Debora Raquel Benedita , Furtado Mariane , Pasquini Zeno , Bartoletti Michele , de Oliveira Tiago Almeida , Nunes Nathalia Neves , Lemos Gabriela Takeshigue , Maccaro Angelo , Siniscalchi Antonio , Laici Cristiana , Cescon Matteo , D´albuquerque Luiz Augusto Carneiro , Morelli Maria Cristina , Song Alice T. W. , Abdala Edson , Viale Pierluigi , Filho Alexandre Dias Porto Chiavegatto , Giannella Maddalena 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundCarbapenem‐resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) colonisation at liver transplantation (LT) increases the risk of CRE infection after LT, which impacts on recipients’ survival. Colonization status usually becomes evident only near LT. Thus, predictive models can be useful to guide antibiotic prophylaxis in endemic centres.AimsThis study aimed to identify risk factors for CRE colonisation at LT in order to build a predictive model.MethodsRetrospective multicentre study including consecutive adult patients who underwent LT, from 2010 to 2019, at two large teaching hospitals. We excluded patients who had CRE infections within 90 days before LT. CRE screening was performed in all patients on the day of LT. Exposure variables were considered within 90 days before LT and included cirrhosis complications, underlying disease, time on the waiting list, MELD and CLIF‐SOFA scores, antibiotic use, intensive care unit and hospital stay, and infections. A machine learning model was trained to detect the probability of a patient being colonized with CRE at LT.ResultsA total of 1544 patients were analyzed, 116 (7.5%) patients were colonized by CRE at LT. The median time from CRE isolation to LT was 5 days. Use of antibiotics, hepato‐renal syndrome, worst CLIF sofa score, and use of beta‐lactam/beta‐lactamase inhibitor increased the probability of a patient having pre‐LT CRE. The proposed algorithm had a sensitivity of 66% and a specificity of 83% with a negative predictive value of 97%.ConclusionsWe created a model able to predict CRE colonization at LT based on easy‐to‐obtain features that could guide antibiotic prophylaxis
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Differences in severe exacerbations rates and healthcare utilisation in COPD populations in the UK and France
Authors: Whittaker Hannah , Van Ganse Eric , Dalon Faustine , Nolin Maeva , Marant-Micallef Claire , Pison Christophe , Ryan Dermot P , Deslee Gaetan , Quint Jennifer K , Belhassen Manon 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of mortality in Europe; however, it is important to understand how clinical practice patterns differ between countries and how this might relate to disease outcomes, to identify ways of improving local disease management. We aimed to describe and compare the management of patients with COPD in the UK and France between 2008 and 2017.MethodsWe used data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD and Hospital Episode Statistics in the UK and the Echantillon Généraliste des Bénéficiaire in France to identify patients with COPD each year between 2008 and 2017. We compared patient characteristics, all-cause mortality and COPD exacerbations each year between 2008 and 2017 for patients in the UK and France separately. Health care utilisation and COPD exacerbations in 2017 were compared between France and the UK using t-tests and χ2tests.ResultsPatients with COPD were similar in gender and comorbidities in both countries. Incidence of COPD exacerbations remained stable in the UK and France between 2007 and 2017. In 2017, the proportion of all-cause and COPD-related hospitalisations was greater in the UK than in France (43.9% vs 32.8% and 8.3% vs 4.9%, respectively; p<0.001) as was the proportion of patients visiting accident and emergency (A&E) (39.8% vs 16.2%, respectively; p<0.001). In addition, the mean length of stay in hospital for COPD-related causes was shorter in the UK than in France (6.2 days (SD 8.4) vs 10.5 days (SD 9.1), respectively; p<0.001).DiscussionOverall, UK patients were more likely to go to A&E, be hospitalised for COPD-related causes and stay in hospital for fewer days after being admitted for COPD-related reasons compared with patients in France, illustrating a difference in health-seeking behaviours and access to healthcare.
Molecular heterogeneity and commonalities in pancreatic cancer precursors with gastric and intestinal phenotype
Authors: Liffers Sven-Thorsten , Godfrey Laura , Frohn Lisa , Haeberle Lena , Yavas Aslihan , Vesce Rita , Goering Wolfgang , Opitz Friederike V , Stoecklein Nickolas , Knoefel Wolfram Trudo , Schlitter Anna Melissa , Klöppel Guenter , Espinet Elisa , Trumpp Andreas , Siveke Jens T , Esposito Irene 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveDue to the limited number of modifiable risk factors, secondary prevention strategies based on early diagnosis represent the preferred route to improve the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here, we provide a comparative morphogenetic analysis of PDAC precursors aiming at dissecting the process of carcinogenesis and tackling the heterogeneity of preinvasive lesions.DesignTargeted and whole-genome low-coverage sequencing, genome-wide methylation and transcriptome analyses were applied on a final collective of 122 morphologically well-characterised low-grade and high-grade PDAC precursors, including intestinal and gastric intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanIN).ResultsEpigenetic regulation of mucin genes determines the phenotype of PDAC precursors. PanIN and gastric IPMN display a ductal molecular profile and numerous similarly regulated pathways, including the Notch pathway, but can be distinguished by recurrent deletions and differential methylation and, in part, by the expression of mucin-like 3. Intestinal IPMN are clearly distinct lesions at the molecular level with a more instable genotype and are possibly related to a different ductal cell compartment.ConclusionsPDAC precursors with gastric and intestinal phenotype are heterogeneous in terms of morphology, genetic and epigenetic profile. This heterogeneity is related to a different cell identity and, possibly, to a different aetiology.
Management ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection: the Maastricht VI/Florence consensus report
Authors: Malfertheiner Peter , Megraud Francis , Rokkas Theodore , Gisbert Javier P , Liou Jyh-Ming , Schulz Christian , Gasbarrini Antonio , Hunt Richard H , Leja Marcis , O'Morain Colm , Rugge Massimo , Suerbaum Sebastian , Tilg Herbert , Sugano Kentaro , El-Omar Emad M 
Published: August 2022

Helicobacter pyloriInfection is formally recognised as an infectious disease, an entity that is now included in the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision. This in principle leads to the recommendation that all infected patients should receive treatment. In the context of the wide clinical spectrum associated withHelicobacter pylorigastritis, specific issues persist and require regular updates for optimised management.The identification of distinct clinical scenarios, proper testing and adoption of effective strategies for prevention of gastric cancer and other complications are addressed.H. pyloritreatment is challenged by the continuously rising antibiotic resistance and demands for susceptibility testing with consideration of novel molecular technologies and careful selection of first line and rescue therapies. The role ofH. pyloriand antibiotic therapies and their impact on the gut microbiota are also considered.Progress made in the management ofH. pyloriinfection is covered in the present sixth edition of the Maastricht/Florence 2021 Consensus Report, key aspects related to the clinical role ofH. pyloriinfection were re-evaluated and updated. Forty-one experts from 29 countries representing a global community, examined the new data related toH. pyloriinfection in five working groups: (1) indications/associations, (2) diagnosis, (3) treatment, (4) prevention/gastric cancer and (5)H. pyloriand the gut microbiota. The results of the individual working groups were presented for a final consensus voting that included all participants. Recommendations are provided on the basis of the best available evidence and relevance to the management ofH. pyloriinfection in various clinical fields.
Natural history, angiographic presentation and outcomes of anterior cranial fossa dural arteriovenous fistulas
Authors: Sanchez Sebastian , Raghuram Ashrita , Wendt Linder , Hayakawa Minako , Chen Ching-Jen , Sheehan Jason P , Kim Louis J , Abecassis Isaac Josh , Levitt Michael R , Meyer R Michael , Guniganti Ridhima , Kansagra Akash P , Lanzino Giuseppe , Giordan Enrico , Brinjikji Waleed , Bulters Diederik O , Durnford Andrew , Fox W Christopher , Smith Jessica , Polifka Adam J , Gross Bradley , Amin-Hanjani Sepideh , Alaraj Ali , Kwasnicki Amanda , Starke Robert M , Chen Stephanie H , van Dijk J Marc C , Potgieser Adriaan R E , Satomi Junichiro , Tada Yoshiteru , Phelps Ryan , Abla Adib , Winkler Ethan , Du Rose , Lai Pui Man Rosalind , Zipfel Gregory J , Derdeyn Colin , Samaniego Edgar A 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundAnterior cranial fossa dural arteriovenous fistulas (ACF-dAVFs) are aggressive vascular lesions. The pattern of venous drainage is the most important determinant of symptoms. Due to the absence of a venous sinus in the anterior cranial fossa, most ACF-dAVFs have some degree of drainage through small cortical veins. We describe the natural history, angiographic presentation and outcomes of the largest cohort of ACF-dAVFs.MethodsThe CONDOR consortium includes data from 12 international centers. Patients included in the study were diagnosed with an arteriovenous fistula between 1990–2017. ACF-dAVFs were selected from a cohort of 1077 arteriovenous fistulas. The presentation, angioarchitecture and treatment outcomes of ACF-dAVF were extracted and analyzed.Results60 ACF-dAVFs were included in the analysis. Most ACF-dAVFs were symptomatic (38/60, 63%). The most common symptomatic presentation was intracranial hemorrhage (22/38, 57%). Most ACF-dAVFs drained through cortical veins (85%, 51/60), which in most instances drained into the superior sagittal sinus (63%, 32/51). The presence of cortical venous drainage predicted symptomatic presentation (OR 9.4, CI 1.98 to 69.1, p=0.01). Microsurgery was the most effective modality of treatment. 56% (19/34) of symptomatic patients who were treated had complete resolution of symptoms. Improvement of symptoms was not observed in untreated symptomatic ACF-dAVFs.ConclusionMost ACF-dAVFs have a symptomatic presentation. Drainage through cortical veins is a key angiographic feature of ACF-dAVFs that accounts for their malignant course. Microsurgery is the most effective treatment. Due to the high risk of bleeding, closure of ACF-dAVFs is indicated regardless of presentation.
Truncated isoforms of GPSM2 containing the GoLoco motif region promote CD4+T-cell migration in SLE
Authors: Esser Ruth L , Brück Carolin , Thiele Jan , Golumba-Nagy Viktoria , Meyer Anja , Steinbach-Knödgen Eva , Yan Shuaifeng , tho Pesch Carola , Stahl David , Schiller Joanna , Kofler David M 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveSLE is an autoimmune disease with a complex pathogenesis. T-cell infiltration into organs contributes to inflammation and organ damage in SLE. Recently, G-protein signalling modulator 2 (GPSM2) has been shown to be implicated in T-cell migration.MethodsWe analysed the expression levels of GPSM2 and of a truncated isoform of GPSM2 containing the GoLoco motif region in CD4+T cells from patients with SLE and from healthy individuals by western blot. In a next step, we studied the role of the truncated GPSM2 isoform using a CD4+T-cell migration assay.ResultsOur experiments revealed comparable levels of GPSM2 in CD4+T cells from patients with SLE and healthy controls. In contrast, the truncated 35 kDa isoform of GPSM2 was significantly more highly expressed in CD4+T cells from patients with SLE as compared with healthy subjects. Antibody-mediated blockade of the 35 kDa GPSM2 isoform reduced the in vitro capacity of CD4+T cells to migrate towards the chemokine CCL20.ConclusionsA truncated GPSM2 isoform containing the GoLoco motif region is upregulated in CD4+T cells from patients with SLE and promotes CD4+T-cell migration. Targeting this isoform with specific antibodies might be a promising approach to reduce CD4+T-cell infiltration into inflamed tissues and to prevent organ damage in SLE.
Allergic and non-allergic wheeze among farm women in the Agricultural Health Study (2005–2010)
Authors: Islam Jessica Y , Mohamed Ahmed , Umbach David M , London Stephanie J , Henneberger Paul K , Beane Freeman Laura E , Sandler Dale P , Hoppin Jane A 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundFarms represent complex environments for respiratory exposures including hays, grains and pesticides. Little is known about the impact of these exposures on women’s respiratory health. We evaluated the association of farm exposures with allergic and non-allergic wheeze among women in the Agricultural Health Study, a study of farmers and their spouses based in Iowa and North Carolina.MethodsWe used self-reported data (2005–2010) on current use (≤12 months) of 15 pesticides (selected based on frequency of use) and occupational farm activities from 20 164 women. We defined allergic wheeze as reporting wheeze and doctor-diagnosed hay fever (7%) and non-allergic wheeze as wheeze but not hay fever (8%) in the past 12 months. Using polytomous logistic regression, we evaluated associations of wheeze subtypes with pesticides and other farm exposures (eg, raising farm animals) using no wheeze/hay fever as the referent, adjusting for age, body mass index, state, current asthma, glyphosate use and smoking.ResultsCurrent use of any pesticide, reported by 7% of women, was associated with both allergic (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.10 to 1.67) and non-allergic (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.51) wheeze. Four pesticides were associated with at least one wheeze subtype: glyphosate, with both wheeze subtypes; diazinon and fly spray with only allergic wheeze; carbaryl with only non-allergic wheeze. Working weekly with mouldy hay was associated with allergic (OR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.26 to 2.80) and non-allergic wheeze (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.18 to 2.42).ConclusionUse of specific pesticides and certain farm activities may contribute to wheeze among farm women.
Ultrasound is better than injection pressure monitoring detecting the low-volume intraneural injection
Authors: Goffin Pierre , Mejia Jorge , Prats-Galino Alberto , Morales Lorena , Panzeri Miriam , Sala-Blanch Xavier 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionInadvertent intraneural injection is not infrequent during peripheral nerve blocks. For this reason, injection pressure monitoring has been suggested as a safeguard method that warns the clinician of a potentially hazardous needle tip location. However, doubts remain whether it is superior to the sonographic nerve swelling in terms of earlier detection of the intraneural injection.MethodsAn observational cadaveric study was designed to assess injection pressures during an ultrasound-guided intraneural injection of the median nerve. We hypothesized that the evidence of nerve swelling occurredprior to anelevated injection pressure (>15 pound per square inch) measured with a portable in-line monitor. 33 ultrasound-guided intraneural injections of 11 median nerves from unembalmed human cadavers were performed at proximal, mid and distal forearm. 1 mL of a mixture of local anesthetic and methylene blue was injected intraneurally at a rate of 10 mL/min. Following injections, specimens were dissected to assess spread location. Video recordings of the procedures including ultrasound images were blindly analyzed to evaluate nerve swelling and injection pressures.Results31 injections were considered for analysis (two were excluded due to uncertainty regarding needle tip position). >15 pound per square inch was reached in six injections (19%) following a median injected volume of 0.6 mL. Nerve swelling was evident in all 31 injections (100%) with a median injected volume of 0.4 mL. On dissection, spread location was confirmed intraneural in all injections.DiscussionUltrasound is a more sensitive and earlier indicator of the low-volume intraneural injection than injection pressure monitoring.