bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative efficacy of lidocaine–prilocaine cream and vaginal misoprostol in reducing pain during levonorgestrel intrauterine device insertion in women delivered only by cesarean delivery: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hashem Ahmed T. , Mahmoud Mostafa , Aly Islam Bassem , Ibrahem Eid Mohamed , Ahmed Nancy , Mohamed Mamdouh Ahmed , Elkomy Rasha , Fouad Elgamel Amira , Hamada A. A. Ali , Khalil Eman M. , Ashour Ahmed S. A. , Said ali Ahmed , Taher Ayman , Hasan Hussein Amr , Elzahaby Iman , Hafez Mohamed Younes Mohamed , Salah Emad , Mojahed Eman M. , Talaat Bassem , ElHodiby Mohamed , Kamal Osman Nada , Adel Nour Dalia , Khamis Yasser , Aly Hamed Elsallamy Ayman , Ahmed Gehad Mahmoud , Kotb Mohamed Mahmoud Mohamed , Gad Allah Sherine H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare efficacy of lidocaine–prilocaine (LP) cream versus misoprostol versus placebo before levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine device (LNG‐IUD) insertion.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in a tertiary referral hospital from April 30, 2020 to March 1, 2021 on 210 parous women willing to receive LNG‐IUD and delivered only by elective cesarean delivery (CD). Participants received 200 μg vaginal misoprostol or 5 ml of LP cream 5% or placebo 3 h before LNG‐IUS insertion. Primary outcome was pain during LNG‐IUD insertion, while secondary outcomes were pain 10 min post‐procedure, ease of insertion, patient satisfaction, insertion time, and drug side effects.ResultsPain during LNG‐IUS insertion was reduced in LP group and misoprostol group compared to placebo group (2.1 ± 1.0 vs 3.7 ± 1.6; p <0.001) and (2.3 ± 1.3 vs 3.7 ± 1.6; p <0.001), respectively. Ease of procedure and patient satisfaction were significantly higher in LP and misoprostol groups than placebo (P <0.001). Need for additional analgesia was significantly higher in placebo group than in the other two groups (P = 0.009). Adverse events were not significantly different between the three groups except vomiting and abdominal cramps, which were higher with misoprostol.ConclusionLP cream and 200 μg of vaginal misoprostol administration before LNG‐IUD insertion in women delivered only by elective CD effectively reduced pain during insertion and 10 min post‐procedure with easier insertions, high patient satisfaction, and tolerable side effects. Pain reduction with LP cream was clinically significant.
Peer feedback decreases impulsive choice in adolescents with and without attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: van Hoorn Jorien , de Water Erik , Dekkers Tycho J. , Pollak Yehuda , Popma Arne , Jansen Brenda R. J. , Huizenga Hilde M. , van Duijvenvoorde Anna C. K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundImpulsivity is a core feature of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Previous work using the delay discounting task to assess impulsivity reveals that adolescents with ADHD tend to prefer a smaller‐immediate reward over a larger‐delayed reward, and this relates to problematic choices in daily life. To gain a better understanding of daily decision‐making in adolescence, it is important to examine the social context, as peers have a major influence on decisions. Peer influence often has a negative connotation, but also provides an opportunity to promote positive outcomes. To date, it is unclear if peers affect impulsive decision‐making in adolescents with ADHD, for better or for worse.MethodsThe aim of this preregistered study was to examine the effect of peer feedback on impulsive choice in male adolescents with and without ADHD (ages 13–23;N = 113). We utilized an adapted delay discounting task that was administered alone, in a social condition, and alone again. In the social condition, adolescents received either (between‐subjects) manipulated impulsive or non‐impulsive peer feedback. Impulsive peer feedback consisted of likes for choosing the smaller immediate reward, whereas non‐impulsive peers endorsed choosing the larger delayed reward.ResultsPreregistered analyses showed that non‐impulsive peer feedback resulted in decreased impulsive choice, whereas impulsive peer feedback did not alter decision‐making in adolescents with and without ADHD. Explorative analyses of inattention and hyperactivity‐impulsivity symptoms in the total sample, irrespective of diagnosis, showed that lower hyperactivity–impulsivity and more inattention symptoms were associated with increased susceptibility to non‐impulsive peer feedback.ConclusionsTogether, these findings indicate that peers may provide an opportunity to decrease impulsivity and emphasize individual differences in susceptibility to non‐impulsive peer feedback related to inattention and hyperactivity–impulsivity. Therefore, peer feedback may be a promising component in behavioral peer‐supported interventions in adolescents with ADHD.
Evolution of professionals' careers upon graduation in STEM and occupational turnover over time: Patterns, diversity characteristics, career success, and self‐employment
Authors: Dlouhy Katja , Froidevaux Ariane 
Published: February 2022

SummaryWhile STEM occupational turnover constitutes a major concern for society given the importance of innovation and technology in today's global economy, it also represents an opportunity to achieve career sustainability for individuals. There is ample research on the reasons why students drop out from STEM education, but evidence on STEM professionals' career patterns and on correlates of occupational turnover after graduation is scarce. Drawing on the sustainable careers framework, the current study examines how STEM graduates' careers evolve over time, revealing diverse patterns of occupational turnover and the relationships of such career patterns with work diversity characteristics in terms of sex and ethnic minority status, career success, and self‐employment. Using longitudinal data from 1512 STEM graduates over 10 years, results of an optimal matching analysis demonstrate six career patterns that can be distinguished into three continuity (STEM, part‐STEM, non‐STEM) and three change (hybrid, boomerang, dropout) sustainable career patterns. We find differences in sex, but not in ethnic minority status, across career patterns. Further, professionals who change from STEM occupations to non‐STEM occupations show higher objective career success and are more often self‐employed than those following a continuous STEM career pattern. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Spatiotemporal variability of event‐based rainstorm: The perspective of rainfall pattern and concentration
Authors: He Sijing , Wang Zhaoli , Wang Dagang , Liao Weilin , Wu Xushu , Lai Chengguang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRainfall pattern (RP) and precipitation concentration (PC) are two critical indices for measuring rainfall. Detecting their changes under global warming helps to understand better the rainfall variability and the flooding formation. Using the Guangdong Province, China, as a study case, five criteria were used to determine the independent precipitation events for hourly precipitation data from 1967 to 2012. The RP and PC of the events were identified, and then, their spatiotemporal variability was investigated further. The results show that (a) the occurrence frequency during 46 years, average rainfall amount and duration of independent rainfall in the coastal areas were higher than in other regions. (b) The dominant RPs in Guangdong are unimodal (more than 70%), especially the pattern with early peak (mode I; 39.5%); however, the number of stations with mode I as dominant RP decreased over time, while those with mode III (the pattern with late peak) increased. (c) Precipitation concentration index can be used for measuring the concentration of independent rainfall events, and its fixed minimum inter‐event time has significant impacts on RP and PC. The PC of the events with early peak is higher, and the concentration in the west is generally higher than those in the east under different RPs.
Reduction of uncertainties in surface heat flux over the Tibetan Plateau from ERA‐Interim to ERA5
Authors: Xin Yufei , Liu Jingbao , Liu Xiangwen , Liu Ge , Cheng Xinhong , Chen Yueli 
Published: February 2022

AbstractServing as the successor to the ERA‐Interim dataset, a new global reanalysis (i.e., ERA5) has been released by the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts. However, evaluation of the performance of ERA5 in relation to the Tibetan Plateau (TP) remains lacking. Using in situ eddy covariance observations from eight stations located on the TP, this study evaluated the uncertainties of both ERA5 and ERA‐Interim. Results showed that ERA5 effectively corrects the overestimation of both sensible heat flux (H) and latent heat flux (LE) over the TP, which is severe in ERA‐Interim. In most seasons, the bias errors (BEs) of H and LE are generally smaller in ERA5 than in ERA‐Interim, although the BEs of wintertime H and LE in spring and autumn are not decreased significantly from ERA‐Interim to ERA5. The spatiotemporal relationships with the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) and the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) reanalysis data were investigated. Analysis of correlation coefficients and root mean squared errors revealed large inconsistency in H between ERA5/ERA‐Interim and GLDAS, but good agreement in LE between ERA5/ERA‐Interim and GLEAM. Overall, the level of agreement of ERA5 with GLEAM was better than that of ERA‐Interim. Anomaly correlation coefficients (ACCs) between the two ERA datasets (ERA5 and ERA‐Interim) and the two reference datasets (GLDAS and GLEAM) were also investigated. The ACC results further confirmed that ERA5 has better agreement than ERA‐Interim with GLEAM in terms of LE over the TP.
The use of connective tissue growth factor mimics for flexor tendon repair
Authors: Shen Hua , Tarafder Solaiman , Park Gayoung , Qiu Jichuan , Xia Younan , Lee Chang H. , Gelberman Richard H. , Thomopoulos Stavros 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntrasynovial flexor tendon lacerations of the hand are clinically problematic, typically requiring operative repair and extensive rehabilitation. The small‐molecule connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) mimics, oxotremorine M (Oxo‐M) and 4‐PPBP maleate (4‐PPBP), have been shown to improve tendon healing in small animal models by stimulating the expansion and differentiation of perivascular CD146+ cells. To enhance intrasynovial flexor tendon healing, small‐molecule CTGF mimics were delivered to repaired canine flexor tendons via porous sutures. In vitro studies demonstrated that Oxo‐M and 4‐PPBP retained their bioactivity and could be released from porous sutures in a sustained manner. However, in vivo delivery of the CTGF mimics did not improve intrasynovial tendon healing. Histologic analyses and expression of tenogenic, extracellular matrix, inflammation, and remodeling genes showed similar outcomes in treated and untreated repairs across two time points. Although in vitro experiments revealed that CTGF mimics stimulated robust responses in extrasynovial tendon cells, there was no response in intrasynovial tendon cells, explaining the lack of in vivo effects. The results of the current study indicate that therapeutic strategies for tendon repair must carefully consider the environment and cellular makeup of the particular tendon for improving the healing response.
Cluster wild bootstrapping to handle dependent effect sizes in meta‐analysis with a small number of studies
Authors: Joshi Megha , Pustejovsky James E. , Beretvas S. Natasha 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe most common and well‐known meta‐regression models work under the assumption that there is only one effect size estimate per study and that the estimates are independent. However, meta‐analytic reviews of social science research often include multiple effect size estimates per primary study, leading to dependence in the estimates. Some meta‐analyses also include multiple studies conducted by the same lab or investigator, creating another potential source of dependence. An increasingly popular method to handle dependence is robust variance estimation (RVE), but this method can result in inflated Type I error rates when the number of studies is small. Small‐sample correction methods for RVE have been shown to control Type I error rates adequately but may be overly conservative, especially for tests of multiple‐contrast hypotheses. We evaluated an alternative method for handling dependence, cluster wild bootstrapping, which has been examined in the econometrics literature but not in the context of meta‐analysis. Results from two simulation studies indicate that cluster wild bootstrapping maintains adequate Type I error rates and provides more power than extant small‐sample correction methods, particularly for multiple‐contrast hypothesis tests. We recommend using cluster wild bootstrapping to conduct hypothesis tests for meta‐analyses with a small number of studies. We have also created an R package that implements such tests.
Non‐volatile cysteine sulphoxides and volatile organosulphur compounds in cloves of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and elephant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum L.) local accessions from northern and central Italy
Authors: Ferioli Federico , Giambanelli Elisa , D'Antuono L. Filippo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDGarlic (Allium sativum L.) and other species of genus Allium are popular vegetables and food seasonings, owing to their spicy flavour and richness in health‐promoting compounds. Several local garlic types are still grown on a small scale in different Italian regions, not being however yet properly characterized for their chemical composition.RESULTSIn the present investigation ten garlic and four elephant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum L.) populations cultivated in northern and central Italy were evaluated for their alk(en)yl cysteine sulphoxide (ACSO) and volatile compound profiles. Three non‐volatile ACSOs (methiin, alliin, and isoalliin) and 27 volatile compounds were identified and quantified. A high and significant within‐type variability was detected, with total ACSOs in the range 2759–5756, 4533–15 520, and 6565–10 643 mg kg−1 of fresh weight (f.w.). in elephant, white and red garlic, respectively. Elephant garlic showed a total sulphoxide content and a relative alliin amount significantly lower than white and red garlic. Remarkable within‐type differences were also assessed for volatile compound content, ranging 260–599, 333–981, and 618–845 mg kg−1 f.w. in elephant, white, and red garlic, respectively. Diallyl trisulphide was the major individual compound, accounting for more than 0.30 mg mg−1 of volatiles in all the analysed samples. The three garlic types were clearly separated by discriminant analysis of analytical traits.CONCLUSIONThis study investigated for the first time different Italian garlic and elephant garlic populations with respect to non‐volatile and volatile organosulphur compound content, allowing the possibility of selecting garlic accessions according to the bioactive content. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Tranexamic acid improves early postoperative mobilization in cancer patients undergoing endoprosthetic reconstruction
Authors: Haase Douglas R. , Mersereau Erik J. , Kimbrel Brandon , Bombardier Brenden , Templeton Kimberly J. , Rosenthal Howard G. , Sweeney Kyle R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTranexamic acid (TXA) has been shown to decrease perioperative blood loss, transfusions, and cost in patients undergoing resection of aggressive bone tumors and endoprosthetic reconstruction. This study explored the effect of TXA administration on postoperative mobilization in these patients.MethodsThis study included 126 patients who underwent resection of an aggressive bone tumor and endoprosthetic reconstruction; 61 patients in the TXA cohort and 65 patients in the non‐TXA cohort. Postoperative physical therapy (PT) and occupational therapy notes were reviewed; patient ambulation distance and duration of therapies were recorded.ResultsPatients in the TXA cohort ambulated further on all postoperative days, which was significant on postoperative Day 1 (POD1) (p = 0.002) and postoperative Day 2 (POD2) (p < 0.001). The TXA cohort ambulated 85% further per PT session 87.7 versus 47.4 ft (p < 0.001) and participated 14% longer, 36.1 versus 31.7 min (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified a significant inverse association between postoperative hospitalization length and POD1, POD2, postoperative Day 3, and total ambulation (p < 0.001). Blood transfusion was independently associated with a 1.5 day increase in postoperative hospitalization (95% confidence interval: 0.64–2.5; p < 0.001).ConclusionsTXA administration was associated with increased postoperative ambulation and endurance. Increased postoperative ambulation was associated with decreased length of stay and increased likelihood to discharge home.
Hydrophobically Modified Cellulose Nanofibers‐Enveloped Solid Lipid Microparticles for Improved Antioxidant Cargo Retention
Authors: Bae Jiwoo , Seo Hye Min , Shin Kyounghee , Choi Jihyun , Lee Dong Ryeol , Jiang Zhiting , Shen Di , Kim Jin Woong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study introduces a cellulose nanofiber surfactant system, in which the surface is hydrophobically modified with different alkyl chain structures for the effective envelopment of solid lipid microparticles (SLMs). To endow bacterial cellulose nanofibers (BCNFs) with excellent ability to assemble at the lipid–water interface, alkyl chains with designated molecular structures, such as decane, didecane, and eicosane, are covalently grafted onto the BCNF surface. Interfacial tension and interfacial rheology measurements indicate that dialkyl chain‐grafted BCNFs (diC10BCNF) exhibit strong interfibrillar association at the interface. The formation of a dense and tough fibrillary membrane contributes significantly to the enveloping of the SLMs, regardless of the lipid type. Because the diC10BCNF‐enveloped SLMs exhibit a core molecular crystalline phase at the microscale, they can immobilize an oil‐soluble antioxidant while maintaining its long‐term storage stability. These findings show that the cellulose‐surfactant‐based SLM technology is applicable to the stabilization and formulation of readily denatured active ingredients.
Identification of a novel ANK1 mutation in hereditary spherocytosis co‐existing with BWS
Authors: Zhang Qinghua , Zhang Chuan , Wang Yupei , Hao Shengjv , Shi Jingyun , Feng Xuan , Zheng Lei , Wang Xin , Xue Chen , Zhou Bingbo , Liu Furong , Zhao Fangping , Li Xuetao , Deng Liangyuan , Hou Jun , Meng Zhaoyan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundBeckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is an inherited disorder affecting 1 in 10,500 to 13,700 newborns worldwide. The disease is caused in a vast majority of patients by a molecular defect in the imprinted chromosome 11p15.5. Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a form of hemolytic anemia associated with a variety of mutations leading to congenital red blood cell (RBC) membrane defects. The prevalence of HS varies by geographic regions around the world, ranging from 1.2 in 100,000 in Asia to 1 in 2000 in Northern Europe.Methods and ResultsHerein, we report for the first time a rare case diagnosed with co‐existing BWS and HS. Based on the classical presentations, including macroglossia, hepatosplenomegaly, and macrosomia, the patient was first suspected with BWS. MS‐MLPA confirmed the BWS diagnosis based on hypomethylation of maternal 11p15.5 (KCNQ1OT1), but no copy number variations in chromosome 11 was detected by CNV‐seq. Nevertheless, to scrutinize molecular causes of other symptoms of the patient, including anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and jaundice, a whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed. We identified a novel and de novo mutation in ANK1 gene (c.520delC). This frameshift mutation of ANK1 gene results in a truncated protein without important functional domains and impaired membrane stability and structure of the resultant red blood cells (RBCs), leading to a definitive diagnosis of HS.ConclusionThe present case demonstrated that multiple genetic and epigenetic aberrations might co‐exist in the complex genetic diseases. For such kind of complicated cases, the different types of molecular tests, such as WES and MS‐MLPA, should be utilized in combination to reveal independent causal molecular events. The identifications from this study added new insights into the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying the co‐existing HS and BWS.
Glycine Acts Through Estrogen Receptor Alpha to Mediate Estrogen Receptor Signaling, Stimulating Osteogenesis and Attenuating Adipogenesis in Ovariectomized Rats
Authors: Li Xiaoyun , Lin Qing , Cui Yan , Wang Haoyu , Wang Panpan , Yang Li , Ye Qianyun , Zhang Ronghua , Zhu Xiaofeng 
Published: February 2022

ScopeGlycine is commonly used as an additive in bone health supplements, the activity and differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are essential to bone metabolism, but the effect of Glycine on bone metabolism and specific mechanism are not fully clarified.Methods and resultsThe ovariectomized rats to evaluate the effects of Glycine on bone quality and quantity is constructed; then used an ER signaling inhibitor (ICI182780) and an ERα deficient BMSCs to explore how Glycine mediated ERα regulating the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs; furthermore, an autodock analysis is used to assess the affinity of Glycine and ERα. The results show that Glycine significantly moderated bone mass and bone microstructure in ovariectomized rats; Glycine stimulates the osteogenic differentiation and attenuates the adipogenic differentiation in OVX rats and BMSCs, and these effects could be abolished by ICI 182780; further docking experiment showes that Glycine and ERα have a stronger affinity, and finally proves that the impact of Glycine could be blocked by ERα.ConclusionGlycine stimulates osteogenesis and attenuates adipogenesis in ovariectomized rats, which process may involve in ERα mediated ER signaling pathway.
Portulaca oleracea L. Extract Alleviated Type 2 Diabetes Via Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Serum Branched‐Chain Amino Acid Metabolism
Authors: Bao Meili , Hou Kexin , Xin Chao , Zeng Deyong , Cheng Cuilin , Zhao Haitian , Wang Zhenyu , Wang Lu 
Published: February 2022

ScopePortulaca oleracea L. extracts (PE) show hypoglycemic function, but the precise mechanism remains obscure. This study is designed to investigate the association of the antidiabetes effect of PE with the gut microbiota modulation and BCAAs metabolism.Methods and ResultsThe Orbitrap LC‐MS to Orbitrap Fusion Lumos Tribrid mass spectrometer is employed to analyze the major compounds in PE. The components of the intestinal microflora in diet‐induced/STZ‐treated diabetic mice are analyzed by high‐throughput 16S rRNA genes sequencing. The results show that PE improves blood glucose and insulin level, increases anti‐inflammatory cytokine level, lowers serum branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs), and increases serum glutamine level. PE also protects the mucosal epithelium of the colon and cecum from damage. On the impact of gut microbial composition, PE reduces the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio and the abundance of the Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Blautia, Ruminiclostridium_9, Dubosiella, and increases the abundance of the Bacteroides, Akkermansia, and Mucisprillum genera. Bacterial functionality prediction indicates PE potentially inhibits bacterial BCAAs biosynthesis, and promotes the tissue‐specific expression of BCAAs catabolic enzyme for reducing BCAAs supplementation.ConclusionThese results reveal that PE improving T2D‐related biochemical abnormalities is associated not only with gut microbiota modification but also with the tissue‐specific expression of BCAAs catabolic enzyme.