bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing grant-writing expertise in BUILD institutions: Building infrastructure leading to diversity
Authors: Hiatt Robert A. , Carrasco Yazmin P. , Paciorek Alan L. , Kaplan Lauren , Cox Marc B. , Crespo Carlos J. , Feig Andrew , Hueffer Karsten , McFerrin Harris , Norris Keith , Roberts-Kirchhoff Elizabeth , Saetermoe Carrie L. , Silver Gillian Beth , Snyder Katherine , Zavala Arturo R. , Parangan-Smith Audrey G. ,   on behalf of the Diversity Program Consortium
Published: September 2022

Background
The lack of race/ethnic and gender diversity in grants funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is a persistent challenge related to career advancement and the quality and relevance of health research. We describe pilot programs at nine institutions supported by the NIH-sponsored Building Infrastructure Leading to Diversity (BUILD) program aimed at increasing diversity in biomedical research.

Methods
We collected data from the 2016–2017 Higher Education Research Institute survey of faculty and NIH progress reports for the first four years of the program (2015–2018). We then conducted descriptive analyses of data from the nine BUILD institutions that had collected data and evaluated which activities were associated with research productivity. We used Poisson regression and rate ratios of the numbers of BUILD pilots funded, students included, abstracts, presentations, publications, and submitted and funded grant proposals.

Results
Teaching workshops were associated with more abstracts (RR 4.04, 95% CI 2.21–8.09). Workshops on grant writing were associated with more publications (RR 2.64, 95% CI 1.64–4.34) and marginally with marginally more presentations. Incentives to develop courses were associated with more abstracts published (RR 4.33, 95% CI 2.56–7.75). Workshops on research skills and other incentives were not associated with any positive effects.

Conclusions
Pilot interventions show promise in supporting diversity in NIH-level research. Longitudinal modeling that considers time lags in career development in moving from project development to grants submissions can provide more direction for future diversity pilot interventions.
Incidence rate of psychiatric disorders in 2020: The pivotal role played by SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Teixeira Antonio L. , Hansen Regina M. , Wozny Joseph S. , Schaefer Caroline M. , Machado-Vieira Rodrigo , Shahani Lokesh , Lane Scott D. , Soares Jair C. , Krause Trudy M. 
Published: September 2022

Importance
The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted mental health outcomes. While the frequency of anxiety and depressive symptoms has increased in the whole population, the relationship between COVID-19 and new psychiatric diagnoses remains unclear.

Objective
To compare the population incidence rate of emergence of de novo psychiatric disorders in 2020 compared to the previous years, and to compare the incidence rate of new psychiatric disorder diagnoses between people with vs without COVID-19.

Design, setting, and participants
This study utilized administrative claims data from the Clinformatics® Data Mart database, licensed from Optum®. The study is a cross-sectional analysis that compared the incidence rate of new psychiatric disorders in 2020 vs. 2018 and 2019 in the entire insured population database. Subsequently, the incidence of new psychiatric disorders in people with vs. without COVID-19 during 2020 was analyzed.

Exposure
The exposures included diagnosis and severity of COVID-19 infection.

Main outcomes measures
The dependent variables of interest were the incidence rates of new psychiatric disorders, specifically schizophrenia spectrum disorders, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Results
The population studied included 10,463,672 US adults (mean age 52.83, 52% female) who were unique people for the year of 2020. Incidence of newly diagnosed psychiatric disorders per 1,000 individuals in the 2020 whole population were 28.81 (CI: 28.71, 28.92) for anxiety disorders, 1.04 (CI: 1.02, 1.06) for schizophrenia disorders, 0.42 (CI: 0.41, 0.43) for OCD and 28.85 (CI: 28.75, 28.95) for mood disorders. These rates were not significantly higher than 2018 or 2019. When comparing incidence rates between COVID-19 vs. non-COVID-19 populations in 2020, the rates were significantly higher in the COVID-19 population: 46.89 (CI: 46.24, 47.53) for anxiety, 49.31 (CI: 48.66, 49.97) for mood disorders, 0.57 (CI: 0.50, 0.65) for OCD, and 3.52 (CI: 3.34, 3.70) for schizophrenia. COVID-19 severity was significantly associated with new diagnoses of schizophrenia, anxiety and mood disorders in multivariate analyses.

Conclusions
Compared to 2018 and 2019, in 2020 there was no increased incidence of new psychiatric disorders in the general population based on insurance claims data. Importantly, people with COVID-19 were more likely to be diagnosed with a new psychiatric disorder, most notably disorders with psychosis, indicating a potential association between COVID-19 and mental/brain health.
Analysis of the extent of limbic system changes in multiple sclerosis using FreeSurfer and voxel-based morphometry approaches
Authors: Abuaf Amanda Frisosky , Bunting Samuel R. , Klein Sara , Carroll Timothy , Carpenter-Thompson Jake , Javed Adil , Cipriani Veronica 
Published: September 2022

Background and purposeThe limbic brain is involved in diverse cognitive, emotional, and autonomic functions. Injury of the various parts of the limbic system have been correlated with clinical deficits in MS. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively examine different regions of the subcortical limbic system to assess the extent of damage within this entire system as it may be pertinent in correlating with specific aspects of cognitive and behavioral dysfunction in MS by using a fully automated, unbiased segmentation approach.MethodsSixty-seven subjects were included in this study, including 52 with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 15 healthy controls. Only patients with stable MS disease, without any relapses, MRI activity, or disability progression were included. Subcortical limbic system segmentation was performed using the FreeSurfer pipeline ScLimbic, which provides volumes for fornix, mammillary bodies, hypothalamus, septal nuclei, nucleus accumbens, and basal forebrain. Hippocampus and anterior thalamic nuclei were added as additional components of the limbic circuitry, also segmented through FreeSurfer. Whole limbic region mask was generated by combining these structures and used for Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis.ResultsThe mean [95% confidence interval] of the total limbic system volume was lower (0.22% [0.21–0.23]) in MS compared to healthy controls (0.27%, [0.25–0.29],p< .001). Pairwise comparisons of individual limbic regions between MS and controls was significant in the nucleus accumbens (0.046%, [0.043–0.050] vs. 0.059%, [0.051–0.066],p= .005), hypothalamus (0.062%, [0.059–0.065] vs. 0.074%, [0.068–0.081],p= .001), basal forebrain (0.038%, [0.036–0.040] vs. 0.047%, [0.042–0.051],p= .001), hippocampus (0.47%, [0.45–0.49] vs. 0.53%, [0.49–0.57],p= .004), and anterior thalamus (0.077%, [0.072–0.082] vs. 0.093%, [0.084–0.10],p= .001) after Bonferroni correction. Volume of several limbic regions was significantly correlated with T2 lesion burden and brain parenchymal fraction (BPF). Multiple regression model showed minimal influence of BPF on limbic brain volume and no influence of other demographic and disease state variables. VBM analysis showed cluster differences in the fornix and anterior thalamic nuclei at thresholdp< 0.05 after adjusting for covariates but the results were insignificant after family-wise error corrections.ConclusionsThe results show evidence that brain volume loss is fairly extensive in the limbic brain. Given the significance of the limbic system in many disease states including MS, such volumetric analyses can be expanded to studying cognitive and emotional disturbances in larger clinical trials. FreeSurfer ScLimbic pipeline provided an efficient and reliable methodology for examining many of the subcortical structures related to the limbic brain.
Geographically weighted regression analysis of anemia and its associated factors among reproductive age women in Ethiopia using 2016 demographic and health survey
Authors: Belay Daniel Gashaneh , Adane Shumet Mebrat , Ferede Oshe Lemita , Lakew Ayenew Molla 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Anemia in reproductive age women is defined as the hemoglobin level <11g/dl for lactating or pregnant mothers and hemoglobin level <12 g/dl for none pregnant or non-lactating women. Anemia is a global public health problem affecting both developing and developed countries. Therefore this study aims to determine geographically weighted regression analysis of anemia and its associated factors among reproductive age women in Ethiopia using the 2016 Demographic and Health Survey.

Method
In this study, a total of 14,570 women of reproductive age were included. Multi-level binary logistic regression models were employed using STATA version 14. Odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and p-values less than 0.05 was used to identify significant factors. Spatial scan statistics were used to identify the presence of anemia clusters using Kulldorf’s SaTScan version 9.6 software. ArcGIS 10.7 software was used to visualize the spatial distribution and geographically weighted regression of anemia among reproductive age women.

Result
Overall 23.8% of reproductive-age women were anemic. The SaTScan spatial analysis identified the primary clusters’ spatial window in Southeastern Oromia and the entire Somali region. The GWR analysis shows that having a formal education, using pills/injectables/implant decreases the risks of anemia. However, women who have more than one child within five years have an increased risk of anemia in Ethiopia. In addition to these, in multilevel analysis women who were married and women who have >5 family members were more likely to have anemia.

Conclusion
In Ethiopia, anemia among reproductive age women was relatively high and had spatial variations across the regions. Policymakers should give attention to mothers who have a low birth interval, married women, and large family size. Women’s education and family planning usage especially pills, implants, or injectable should be strengthened.
Progression-free survival and overall survival after BRCA1/2-associated epithelial ovarian cancer: A matched cohort study
Authors: Heemskerk-Gerritsen Bernadette A. M. , Hollestelle Antoinette , van Asperen Christi J. , van den Beek Irma , van Driel Willemien J. , van Engelen Klaartje , Gómez Garcia Encarna B. , de Hullu Joanne A. , Koudijs Marco J. , Mourits Marian J. E. , Hooning Maartje J. , Boere Ingrid A. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Germline BRCA1/2-associated epithelial ovarian cancer has been associated with better progression-free survival and overall survival than sporadic epithelial ovarian cancer, but conclusive data are lacking.

Methods
We matched 389 BRCA1-associated and 123 BRCA2-associated epithelial ovarian cancer patients 1:1 to sporadic epithelial ovarian cancer patients on year of birth, year of diagnosis, and FIGO stage (< = IIA/> = IIB). Germline DNA test was performed before or after epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosis. All patients received chemotherapy. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the associations between mutation status (BRCA1 or BRCA2 versus sporadic) and progression-free survival and overall survival. To investigate whether DNA testing after epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosis resulted in survival bias, we performed additional analyses limited to BRCA1/2-associated epithelial ovarian cancer patients with a DNA test result before cancer diagnosis (n = 73 BRCA1; n = 9 BRCA2) and their matched sporadic controls.

Results
The median follow-up was 4.4 years (range 0.1–30.1). During the first three years after epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosis, progression-free survival was better for BRCA1 (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.74–1.04) and BRCA2 (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.41–0.81) patients than for sporadic patients. Overall survival was better during the first six years after epithelial ovarian cancer for BRCA1 (HR 0.7, 95% CI 0.58–0.84) and BRCA2 (HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.29–0.59) patients. After surviving these years, survival benefits disappeared or were in favor of the sporadic patients.

Conclusion
For epithelial ovarian cancer patients who received chemotherapy, we confirmed survival benefit for BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline pathogenic variant carriers. This may indicate higher sensitivity to chemotherapy, both in first line treatment and in the recurrent setting. The observed benefit appears to be limited to a relatively short period after epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosis.
The impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on students’ mental health: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mirilović Nikola , Janković Janko , Latas Milan 
Published: September 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic is currently one of the biggest public health threats for people’s mental health. A particularly endangered group were students, who became highly affected by measures of social distance due to their active lifestyle. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to assess the level of self-reported stress, anxiety and depression of the student population in Serbia, in relation to demographic characteristics, living and studying conditions, students’ activities during the epidemic, potential coronavirus infection and general, mental and physical health.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study of 580 undergraduate medical students from the University of Belgrade during the 2020/2021 school year. Mental health data were collected using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21). Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to examine the association between independent variables with the dependent variable mental health.

Results
Women made up the majority of the sample with 80.3%. A total of 64.5%, 66.8% and 66.7% of students between the ages of 21 and 30 had severe depressive symptoms, severe degree of anxiety, and a severe degree of stress, respectively. Women almost twice as often (OR = 1.89) assessed their anxiety as severe and almost two and a half times more (OR = 2.39) perceived stress as severe compared to men. Students who lived with their families during studies two and a half times (OR = 2.57) more often assessed their stress as severe, compared to students who lived alone. Fifth- and sixth-year students were less likely to rate depression and anxiety as serious than the first-year students.

Conclusions
Medical students reported their health as severely impaired in terms of depression, anxiety and stress reactions. The results indicate the need to launch a mental health program in the form of counseling and emotional support to students affected by the pandemic.
Barbashin type characterizations for the uniform polynomial stability and instability of evolution families
Authors: Yue Tian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to give some discrete and continuous versions of Barbashin type theorems for the uniform polynomial stability and instability of evolution families in Banach spaces, by using Banach sequence spaces in

ℋ
⁢

(

ℕ

≥
1

)

{\mathcal{H}(\mathbb{N}_{\geq 1})}

and Banach function spaces in

ℋ
⁢

(

ℝ

≥
1

)

{\mathcal{H}(\mathbb{R}_{\geq 1})}

, respectively. Variants for uniform polynomial stability and instability of some well-known results in the exponential stability theory and polynomial stability theory are obtained.
An intelligent dynamic setting control framework for a multimode impurity removal process
Authors: Sun Bei , Chen Weiyang , Li Yonggang , Zhang Xulong , Liu Guoxin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The main task of the impurity removal process is to control the oxidation reduction potential (ORP) within the range of the optimized set value. The impurity removal process is essentially an oxidation-reduction process. Oxidation reduction potential (ORP) is an external reflection of reaction state inside the impurity removal reactor. However, actual industry is time-varying, nonlinear and multimode. It is difficult to determine the appropriate dosage of impurity remover in practice. This will lead to large fluctuations in the operation mode, affecting the safety and stability of the process and the final product quality. To solve these problems, an intelligent dynamic setting control framework (IDSCF) for the multimode impurity removal process is proposed in this paper. It includes a preset module of the dosage of impurity remover based on impurity remover utilization (IRU) estimation, an operation mode detection module based on autoencoder, a normal mode adjustment module based on fuzzy logic, and an unsteady mode adjustment module based on case-based reasoning (CBR). The framework can determine the reasonable preset dosage of impurity remover and adjust the dosage according to the current operation mode of the impurity removal process. Because the operation mode is related to the residual dosage of impurity remover added over a period of time, that is, the accumulative effect of the large-scale metallurgical reactor. When calculating the preset dosage of impurity remover, the reactant accumulation ratio (RAR) is calculated, which makes the calculation of the preset value more reasonable. In addition, it can detect the unsteady modes causing large fluctuations in the process and adjust them in time. Experiments are carried out in accordance with the data of an actual cobalt removal process. The results show that this method can effectively improve the stability of the impurity removal process, control the ORP within the set range and cope with complex mode changes.
Conditions of commodification: Russian as a transient commodity in an Arctic tourism resort
Authors: Muth Sebastian , Strömmer Maiju 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Based on an ethnography incorporating interview, linguistic landscape and observational data, this research illustrates how temporary linguistic value is negotiated and how an Arctic tourism destination is made fit for consumption for a specific audience. Set within a tourism resort in the Finnish Arctic during two weeks in Winter when the region habitually receives a large influx of Russian-speaking visitors, we illustrate how Russian is conceptualized as a means of economic practice by stakeholders in the local tourism industry. While some offer services specifically for a Russian-speaking audience as part of a short-term high-risk/high-reward investment, others regard Russian as an expression of a negative niche market that compromises the overall image of the Arctic as a global tourism destination. We discuss these different understandings of commodity value and highlight, how stakeholders in the local tourism economy imagine and discursively construct Russian-speaking tourists. In doing so, this paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the conditions of language commodification and the processes involved in the valuation and devaluation of linguistic resources within temporary linguistic markets.
Research on novel variable air-hole photonic crystal fiber
Authors: Li Li , Qing-chao Shen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A novel PCF (photonic crystal fiber) with variable air holes is designed to solve the problem that it is difficult to obtain flatted dispersion and low confinement losses simultaneously it can obtain flatted dispersion and low confinement losses by changing the size of air hole in the cladding. The structure of the optical fiber is analyzed by using FVFEM (full vector finite-element method) and APML (anisotropic perfectly matching layer) boundary conditions. The effective refractive index of the air hole at 1.55 μm is n
0 = 1, and that of quartz is set as 1.45,under these conditions, the simulation results show that the optical fiber has super-flat dispersion in the wavelength range of 1.25–1.78 μm, the dispersion varies ranges from 0 ± 0.68 (ps/nm km), and the confinement losses is less than 10−3 dBb/m.
Bioinspirierte Erkennung von Abweichungen
Authors: Lange Annika , Gering Patrick , Agacayaklar Irfan Furkan , Knothe Thomas , Busse Dirk 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Unternehmen müssen sich immer wieder auf Veränderungen in ihrem Umfeld einstellen. Dadurch können Disruptionen in einem Betrieb auftreten. So kam es beispielsweise auch während der COVID-19-Pandemie zu Lieferengpässen durch Lockdowns. Um solche Disruptionen frühzeitig zu erkennen und alternative Maßnahmen einzuleiten, wird in diesem Beitrag die Weiterentwicklung des am Fraunhofer IPK entwickelten, Interaktiven Lagebildes beschrieben. Hierbei kommt die Biologische Transformation zum Einsatz.
Testing the ShakeAlert Earthquake Early Warning System Using Synthesized Earthquake Sequences
Authors: Böse Maren , Andrews Jennifer , O’Rourke Colin , Kilb Deborah , Lux Angela , Bunn Julian , McGuire Jeffrey 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We test the behavior of the United States (US) West Coast ShakeAlert earthquake early warning (EEW) system during temporally close earthquake pairs to understand current performance and limitations. We consider performance metrics based on source parameter and ground-motion forecast accuracy, as well as on alerting timeliness. We generate ground-motion times series for synthesized earthquake sequences from real data by combining the signals from pairs of well-recorded earthquakes (4.4≤M≤7.1) using time shifts ranging from −60 to +180 s. We examine fore- and aftershock sequences, near-simultaneous events in different source regions, and simulated out-of-network and offshore earthquakes. We find that the operational ShakeAlert algorithms Earthquake Point-source Integrated Code (EPIC) and Finite-Fault Rupture Detector (FinDer) and the Propagation of Local Undamped Motion (PLUM) method perform largely as expected: EPIC provides the best source location estimates and is often fastest but can underestimate magnitudes or, in extreme cases, miss large earthquakes; FinDer provides real-time line-source models and unsaturated magnitude estimates for large earthquakes but currently cannot process concurrent events and may mislocate offshore earthquakes; PLUM identifies pockets of strong ground motion, but can overestimate alert areas. Implications for system performance are: (1) spatially and temporally close events are difficult to identify separately; (2) challenging scenarios with foreshocks that are close in space and time can lead to missed alerts for large earthquakes; and (3) in these situations the algorithms can often estimate ground motion better than source parameters. To improve EEW, our work suggests revisiting the current algorithm weighting in ShakeAlert, to continue developments that focus on using ground-motion data to aggregate alerts from multiple algorithms, and to investigate methods to optimally leverage algorithm ground-motion estimates. For testing and certification of EEW performance in ShakeAlert and other EEW systems where applicable, we also suggest that 25 of our 73 scenarios become part of the baseline data set.