bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shock-buffet analysis on a supercritical airfoil with a pitching degree of freedom
Authors: Scharnowski Sven , Kokmanian Katherine , Schäfer Clara , Baur Tim , Accorinti Alessandro , Kähler Christian J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe interaction between the transonic flow around a spring mounted OAT15A airfoil model and the resulting pitching motion of the model were investigated with the goal of understanding the dynamics of the occurring phenomena. The experiments were performed at a free-stream Mach number of 0.74, a Reynolds number of$$\mathrm{Re}_\mathrm {c}=3.1\times 10^6$$Rec=3.1×106, and a mean angle of attack of$$5.8^\circ$$5.8∘. A periodic pitch motion with an amplitude of the angle of attack of$$\pm \,0.9^\circ$$±0.9∘was observed for these flow conditions. The dominant structural frequency of the airfoil’s pitch motion was adjusted to be in the range of the natural buffet frequency of the flow with inhibited pitching motion of the model. The structural motion locks into the frequency of the shock buffet with the pitching degree of freedom at a dominant frequency of 115.5 Hz. Velocity field measurements by means of high repetition rate particle image velocimetry (PIV) were used to capture the motion of the shock and to determine the state of the boundary layer flow for the different phases of the model motion. The PIV results with high temporal resolution allow the detailed observation of the evolution of the different phases of the buffet cycle. Mean values and statistical quantities, spectra and space-time correlations were determined from the measurement data to analyze the flow effects. It was possible to estimate the convection velocity of turbulent structures in the detached boundary layer.Graphical abstract
Effect of moisture on the nonlinear viscoelastic fracture behavior of polymer nanocompsites: a finite deformation phase-field model
Authors: Arash Behrouz , Exner Wibke , Rolfes Raimund 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe mechanisms underlying damage in high-performance polymer nanocomposites are remarkably affected by hygrothermal conditions. In this study, we develop a phase-field formulation to investigate the influence of hygrothermal conditions on the nonlinear viscoelastic fracture behavior of epoxy resins and their nanocomposites at finite deformation. For this, the Helmholtz free energy, capturing the effect of temperature and moisture and nanoparticle contents, is defined based on an additive decomposition of the energy into an equilibrium, a non-equilibrium, and a volumetric contribution with different definitions under tensile and compressive loading. The coupled displacement phase-field problem is solved using a quasi-Newton monolithic algorithm and a staggered solution scheme. Numerical examples show that the monolithic algorithm is more efficient. Simulations are performed to investigate the effect of temperature, deformation rate, and moisture content on the force–displacement response of boehmite nanoparticle/epoxy samples in benchmark numerical problems. Comparing numerical predictions and experimental data for compact-tension tests shows good agreement at different nanoparticle contents. Also, the model’s capability to predict fracture patterns is evaluated using simulations of single-edge notched nanocomposite plates under tensile and shear loading.
Association of social service counseling in breast cancer patients with financial problems, role functioning and employment—results from the prospective multicenter BRENDA II study
Authors: Dayan Davut , Leinert Elena , Singer Susanne , Janni Wolfgang , Kühn Thorsten , Flock Felix , Felberbaum Ricardo , Herbert Saskia-Laureen , Wöckel Achim , Schwentner Lukas ,   BRENDA-Study Group
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
This study examined the relationship between social service counseling (SSC) and financial and role functioning problems in primary breast cancer (BC) patients over a 5-year observation period.

Methods
In the multicenter prospective study, patients were approached before surgery (t1), before initiation of adjuvant treatment (t2), after therapy completion (t3), and 5 years after surgery (t4). We examined the proportion of BC survivors who had financial and role functioning problems and the proportion who were employed at t4. We examined how frequently patients were informed about, offered, or used SSC, and we used multivariate logistic regression analyses to examine the relationship between this and financial and role functioning problem prevalence.

Results
Of the 456 BC survivors, 33% had financial problems and 22% reported role functioning problems at t4. There was no evidence that women with increased financial problems were informed about SSC more often than those without (OR 1.1, p = 0.84) or that they used SSC more often (OR 1.3, p = 0.25). However, women with role functioning problems were informed about SSC significantly more often (OR 1.7, p = 0.02) and attended counseling significantly more often (OR 1.6, p = 0.03). Among participants aged < 65 years at t4 (n = 255), 70% were employed. Patients who had received SSC were more likely to be employed at t4 than patients who did not (OR 1.9, p = 0.04).

Conclusion
These findings underline the importance of SSC for BC patients with role functioning issues. They indicate that individuals who use SSC are more likely to be employed later on than individuals who do not.
Evidence for the role of Rab11-positive recycling endosomes as intermediates in coronavirus egress from epithelial cells
Authors: Saraste Jaakko , Enyioko Mary , Dale Hege , Prydz Kristian , Machamer Carolyn 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAfter their assembly by budding into the lumen of the intermediate compartment (IC) at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–Golgi interface, coronaviruses (CoVs) are released from their host cells following a pathway that remains poorly understood. The traditional view that CoV exit occurs via the constitutive secretory route has recently been questioned by studies suggesting that this process involves unconventional secretion. Here, using the avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) as a well-established model virus, we have applied confocal microscopy to investigate the pathway of CoV egress from epithelial Vero cells. We report a novel effect of IBV infection on cellular endomembranes, namely, the compaction of the pericentrosomal endocytic recycling compartment (ERC) defined by the GTPase Rab11, which coincides with the previously described Golgi fragmentation, as well as virus release. Despite Golgi disassembly, the IC elements containing the major IBV membrane protein (M)—which mostly associates with newly formed virus particles—maintain their close spatial connection with the Rab11-positive endocytic recycling system. Moreover, partial colocalization of the M protein with Rab11 was observed, whereas M displayed negligible overlap with LAMP-1, indicating that IBV egress does not occur via late endosomes or lysosomes. Synchronization of virus release using temperature-shift protocols was accompanied by increased colocalization of M and Rab11 in vesicular and vacuolar structures in the pericentrosomal region and at the cell periphery, most likely representing IBV-containing transport carriers. In conclusion, these results add CoVs to the growing list of viruses exploiting the endocytic recycling apparatus defined by Rab11 for their assembly and/or release.
Antibiotic prescribing for children with upper respiratory tract infection: a Finnish nationwide 7-year observational study
Authors: Korppi Matti , Heikkilä Paula , Palmu Sauli , Huhtala Heini , Csonka Péter 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUpper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is a self-limiting viral infection and should not be treated with antibiotics. The aim was to evaluate antibiotic prescriptions for children with uncomplicated URTI in a large nationwide private clinic network between 2014 and 2020. Special focus was given to macrolide prescriptions and costs. The data were obtained from the electronic health records (EHR) of the largest private healthcare company in Finland (with about 250,000 paediatric visits annually across the country). The collected variables included diagnoses, age, visit year, speciality of the doctor, and prescribed antibiotics. The number of uncomplicated URTIs in < 18-year-old children was 156,187 (53.0% in boys). The prescription rate of antibiotics decreased from 18.0% in 2014 to 8.8% in 2020, and that of macrolides from 6.1 to 1.7%. The costs decreased accordingly. Paediatricians prescribed antibiotics less often than general practitioners or ear, nose, and throat specialists.Conclusion: Antibiotic prescriptions for uncomplicated URTIs, especially macrolides, decreased substantially during the 7-year surveillance period; however, 8.8% of children still received unnecessary antibiotics. To further reduce unwarranted antibiotic prescriptions, active interventions are needed that can be performed by applying the available EHR system.

What is Known:• Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is the most common infection in children. Uncomplicated URTI is a self-limiting viral infection, and antibiotic treatment is not warranted.

What is New:• Almost 9% of children with uncomplicated URTIs still received unnecessary antibiotics. Paediatricians prescribed antibiotics less often than general practitioners or ear, nose, and throat specialists. To further reduce unwarranted antibiotic prescriptions, active interventions are needed that can be performed by applying the available EHR system.
Stage-dependent niche segregation: insights from a multi-dimensional approach of two sympatric sibling seabirds
Authors: Fromant Aymeric , Arnould John P. Y. , Delord Karine , Sutton Grace J. , Carravieri Alice , Bustamante Paco , Miskelly Colin M. , Kato Akiko , Brault-Favrou Maud , Cherel Yves , Bost Charles-André 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNiche theory predicts that to reduce competition for the same resource, sympatric ecologically similar species should exploit divergent niches and segregate in one or more dimensions. Seasonal variations in environmental conditions and energy requirements can influence the mechanisms and the degree of niche segregation. However, studies have overlooked the multi-dimensional aspect of niche segregation over the whole annual cycle, and key facets of species co-existence still remain ambiguous. The present study provides insights into the niche use and partitioning of two morphologically and ecologically similar seabirds, the common (CDP, Pelecanoides urinatrix) and the South Georgian diving petrel (SGDP, Pelecanoides georgicus). Using phenology, at-sea distribution, diving behavior and isotopic data (during the incubation, chick-rearing and non-breeding periods), we show that the degree of partitioning was highly stage-dependent. During the breeding season, the greater niche segregation during chick-rearing than incubation supported the hypothesis that resource partitioning increases during energetically demanding periods. During the post breeding period, while species-specific latitudinal differences were expected (species specific water mass preference), CDP and SGDP also migrated in divergent directions. This segregation in migration area may not be only a response to the selective pressure arising from competition avoidance between sympatric species, but instead, could reflect past evolutionary divergence. Such stage-dependent and context-dependent niche segregation demonstrates the importance of integrative approaches combining techniques from different fields, throughout the entire annual cycle, to better understand the co-existence of ecologically similar species. This is particularly relevant in order to fully understand the short and long-term effects of ongoing environmental changes on species distributions and communities.This work demonstrates the need of integrative multi-dimensional approaches combining concepts and techniques from different fields to understand the mechanism and causal factors of niche segregation.
A machine learning analysis of difficulty scoring systems for laparoscopic liver surgery
Authors: Ruzzenente Andrea , Bagante Fabio , Poletto Edoardo , Campagnaro Tommaso , Conci Simone , De Bellis Mario , Pedrazzani Corrado , Guglielmi Alfredo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction
In the last decade, several difficulty scoring systems (DSS) have been proposed to predict technical difficulty in laparoscopic liver resections (LLR). The present study aimed to investigate the ability of four DSS for LLR to predict operative, short-term, and textbook outcomes.

Methods
Patients who underwent LLR at a single tertiary referral center from January 2014 to June 2020 were included in the present study. Four DSS for LLR (Halls, Hasegawa, Kawaguchi, and Iwate) were investigated to test their ability to predict operative and postoperative complications. Machine learning algorithms were used to identify the most important DSS associated with operative and short-term outcomes.

Results
A total of 346 patients were included in the analysis, 28 (8.1%) patients were converted to open surgery. A total of 13 patients (3.7%) had severe (Clavien–Dindo ≥ 3) complications; the incidence of prolonged length of stay (> 5 days) was 39.3% (n = 136). No patients died within 90 days after the surgery. According to Halls, Hasegawa, Kawaguchi, and Iwate scores, 65 (18.8%), 59 (17.1%), 57 (16.5%), and 112 (32.4%) patients underwent high difficulty LLR, respectively.
In accordance with a random forest algorithm, the Kawaguchi DSS predicted prolonged length of stay, high blood loss, and conversions and was the best performing DSS in predicting postoperative outcomes. Iwate DSS was the most important variable associated with operative time, while Halls score was the most important DSS predicting textbook outcomes. No one of the DSS investigated was associated with the occurrence of complication.

Conclusions
According to our results DDS are significantly related to surgical complexity and short-term outcomes, Kawaguchi and Iwate DSS showed the best performance in predicting operative outcomes, while Halls score was the most important variable in predicting textbook outcome. Interestingly, none of the DSS showed any correlation with or importance in predicting overall and severe postoperative complications.

Graphical abstract
Early postoperative endoscopic evaluation of rectal anastomoses: a prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Axt Steffen , Haller Kristin , Wilhelm Peter , Falch Claudius , Martus Peter , Johannink Jonas , Rolinger Jens , Beltzer Christian , Axt Lena , Königsrainer Alfred , Kirschniak Andreas 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Reported incidence of anastomotic leakage (AL) of rectal anastomoses is up to 29% with an overall mortality up to 12%. Nevertheless, there is no uniform evidence-based diagnostic procedure for early detection of AL.
The objective of this prospective clinical trial was to demonstrate the diagnostic value of early postoperative flexible endoscopy for rectal anastomosis evaluation.

Methods
Flexible endoscopy between 5 and 8th postoperative day was performed consecutively in 90 asymptomatic patients. Sample size calculation was made using the two-stage Simon design. Diagnostic value was measured by management change after endoscopic evaluation. Anastomoses were categorized according to a new classification. Study is registered in German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00019217).

Results
Of the 90 anastomoses, 59 (65.6%) were unsuspicious. 20 (22.2%) were suspicious with partial fibrin plaques (n = 15), intramural hematoma and/or local blood coagulum (n = 4) and ischemic area in one. 17 of these anastomoses were treated conservatively under monitoring. In three a further endoscopic re-evaluation was performed and as consequence one patient underwent endoscopic vacuum therapy. 11 (12.2%) AL were detected. Here, two could be treated conservatively under monitoring, four with endoscopic vacuum therapy and five needed revision surgery. No intervention-related adverse events occurred. A change in postoperative management was made in 31 (34.4%) patients what caused a significant improvement of diagnosis of AL (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Early postoperative endoscopic evaluation of rectal anastomoses is a safe procedure thus allows early detection of AL. Early treatment for suspicious anastomoses or AL could be adapted to avoid severe morbidity and mortality.

Graphical abstract
Life style and Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Reichmann Heinz , Csoti Ilona , Koschel Jiri , Lorenzl Stefan , Schrader Christoph , Winkler Juergen , Wüllner Ullrich 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe question whether life style may impair the advent or course of the disease in patients with Parkinsonism is of great importance for patients and physicians alike. We present here comprehensive information on the influence of the environment, diet (especially caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, chocolate and dairy products), physical activity and sleep on risk and course of Parkinson’s disease.
Teaching the Virtual Brain
Authors: Hernández-Aceituno Javier , Arnay Rafael , Hernández Guadalberto , Ezama Laura , Janssen Niels 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAs a complex three-dimensional organ, the inside of a human brain is difficult to properly visualize. Magnetic Resonance Imaging provides an accurate model of the brain of a patient, but its medical or educational analysis as a set of flat slices is not enough to fully grasp its internal structure. A virtual reality application has been developed to generate a complete three-dimensional model based on MRI data, which users can explore internally through random planar cuts and color cluster isolation. An indexed vertex triangulation algorithm has been designed to efficiently display large amounts of complex three-dimensional vertex clusters in simple mobile devices. Feedback from students suggests that the resulting application satisfactorily complements theoretical lectures, as virtual reality allows them to better observe different structures within the human brain.
Capital, Inequality, and Volunteering
Authors: Eimhjellen Ivar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, I adopt Pierre Bourdieu's theoretical and methodological framework to investigate patterns of inequality in volunteering fields and practices in Norway. Multiple correspondence analyses of national survey data indicate a hierarchically structured social space in Norway according to total volume of capital, while the positioning of different volunteer fields and practices seems to be more egalitarian with regard to capital possession, with some exceptions. This resonates well with established notions of the Norwegian civil society model as social democratic and egalitarian. Based on the discussions and findings, and considering growing social, cultural, and economic differences in many societies, I argue for a new volunteering research agenda better tailored for investigating social inequalities and differentiation in volunteering in different societal contexts, providing a new vantage point for understanding and explaining such inequalities.
Studium ohne Schutzkonzepte?
Authors: Wolff Mechthild , Schröer Wolfgang 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungSchutzkonzepte in Studiengängen Sozialer Arbeit, aber auch an den Hochschulen allgemein sind keine Selbstläufer, sondern die beteiligten Akteur_innen müssen intensiv und zeitaufwendig über deren Notwendigkeit und Nutzen unterrichtet werden. Im Interview mit Sozial Extra schildert Mechthild Wolff (Hochschule Landshut) ihre lange Erfahrung mit der Implementierung von Schutzkonzepten und macht deutlich, dass es in dieser Hinsicht bis 2035 noch viel zu tun gibt.
Early Identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Strategies for Use in Local Communities
Authors: Choueiri Roula , Garrison William T. , Tokatli Valerie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEarly diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is essential for improved outcomes. There is a paucity of data on the prevalence of ASD in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), but early identification may be further delayed in those communities. In this paper, recent studies on strategies for the early detection of ASD, and the prevalence of ASD in LMIC are reviewed. The limitations that can arise in the early identification of ASD in LMIC communities are discussed, and screening tools and strategies that can be helpful are identified. The goal is to recommend models that are culturally appropriate and scientifically valid, easily integrated within community settings while strengthening community systems and reducing disparities in the early identification of ASD. Starting locally by simplifying and demystifying the ASD identification process and building community connections will inform global researchers and policymakers while making a difference in the lives of the children and families affected by ASD.
Business model archetypes for data marketplaces in the automotive industry
Authors: Bergman Rômy , Abbas Antragama Ewa , Jung Sven , Werker Claudia , de Reuver Mark 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPolicymakers and analysts are heavily promoting data marketplaces to foster data trading between companies. Existing business model literature covers individually owned, multilateral data marketplaces. However, these particular types of data marketplaces hardly reach commercial exploitation. This paper develops business model archetypes for the full array of data marketplace types, ranging from private to independent ownership and from a hierarchical to a market orientation. Through exploratory interviews and case analyses, we create a business model taxonomy. Patterns in our taxonomy reveal four business model archetypes. We find that privately-owned data marketplaces with hierarchical orientation apply the aggregating data marketplace archetype. Consortium-owned data marketplaces apply the archetypes of aggregating data marketplace with additional brokering service and consulting data marketplace. Independently owned data marketplaces with market orientation apply the facilitating data marketplace archetype. Our results provide a basis for configurational theory that explains the performance of data marketplace business models. Our results also provide a basis for specifying boundary conditions for theory on data marketplace business models, as, for instance, the importance of network effects differs strongly between the archetypes.
Major ions, trace elements and evidence of groundwater contamination in Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Vu Hung , Merkel Broder , Wiche Oliver 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGroundwater contamination is a critical issue in Hanoi because it affects the water supply and treatment of a crowded city. This study aimed to explore the groundwater quality across the whole area of Hanoi city and identify potential contamination sources. 206 groundwater samples were collected in the Holocene and Pleistocene aquifers during two consecutive seasons (rainy 2015 and dry 2016) to assess the groundwater contamination and understand which elements can be used as tracers for future monitoring. As a result, the spatial distributions of major ions (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl−, and SO42−) and some selected elements (As, Li, Sr, Ba, Mn, Fe, Al, B, Br, total nitrogen (TN), and P) were obtained. Distributions of elements and contaminants varied not only on depth and regions (aquifers) but also season-wise. In the upper aquifer, SO42−, B, As, Br−, TN, and P concentrations were significantly higher than the common range. In the south of Hanoi city, we found elevated Li, Na, K, Mg, Cl− and Br concentrations in the Pleistocene aquifer. Additionally, the concentrations of such as As, Sr, Ba, Mn, Fe did not follow a clear pattern. Their concentrations seem to be predominantly influenced by geological processes controlling the study area's hydro-geochemical environment. However, high concentrations of SO42−, B, Br−, TN, and P, particularly in central Hanoi, supported the idea of contamination from the surface. This study's results might help managers foster sustainable groundwater resource strategies.