bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cutaneous Body Image (CBI) in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS): a hospital- based cross-sectional study.
Authors: Koumaki Dimitra , Evangelou George , Papadakis Marios , Katoulis Alexander , Rovithi Evangelia , Apokidou Erato Solia , Krasagakis Konstantinos 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has been linked with body image (BI) impairment and reduced quality of life (QoLWe sought to evaluate the associations between Cutaneous Body Image (CBI) and disease severity in HS patients.
Materials and methods
Between July 2020 and January 2022, a cross-sectional study was carried out including consecutive HS patients above the age of 16 who attended the Dermatology Department of a University Hospital. Disease Severity was graded with Hurley stage, HS-Physician’s Global Assessment (HS-PGA) scale, the Modified Sartorius scale (MSS), and Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Response (HiSCR) score. Patients completed ten survey instruments including Patients’ Severity of disease, pain and pruritus scale, CBI, BI, Dermatology Quality of Life Index (DLQI), Skindex-16, EQ5D 5L, EQ- visual analogue scale (VAS), PHQ9, and GAD7.
Results
In total, 70 HS patients above 16-year-old participated, mean [SD] age, 34.44 [11.64] years; 49/70 (70%) males and 21/70 (30%) females. Mean ± SD CBI, DLQI, Skindex-16 total, EQ-5D-5L, EQ VAS, PHQ9 and GAD7 were 5.59 ± 1.58, 11.70 ± 8.88, 52.90 ± 27.75, 0.75 ± 0.21, 62.48 ± 21.12, 7.64 ± 5.56, 7.87 ± 5.23 respectively. Moderate to severe CBI dissatisfaction was reported by 36/70 (51.42%) patients. CBI was correlated with educational level (p < 0.01, r = 0.306), BI appearance evaluation (AE) (p < 0.01, r = 0.544), body areas satisfaction (BASS) (p < 0.01, r = 0.481), and overweight preoccupation subscale (OWPS) (p < 0.01, r=-0.267), and Skindex-16 (p < 0.01, r=-0.288).
Conclusion
Our study found that the mean of CBI in HS patients was 5.59 ± SD 1.58 and this was correlated with AE, BASS, OWP, and Skindex-16.
Effect of preoperative vitreoretinal adhesion on pseudophakic cystoid macular edema and choroidal expansion response
Authors: Sahinoglu-Keskek Nedime , Aslan Fatih 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the changes in thickness of central retina, thickness of choroidal layers before and after cataract surgery and determine the impact of vitreoretinal surface status on these parameters.
Methods
Prospective and interventional study included 64 patients (64 eyes) with no macular disorder who underwent phacoemulsification, and had stored spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) imagings within 1 week preoperatively as well as at 1 and 3 months postoperatively. The evaluated SD-OCT parameters were central foveal thickness (CFT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), the large choroidal vessel layer thickness (LCVL) and the Sattler’s layer/choriocapillaris complex thickness (SCVL), vitreoretinal status including “vitreomacular adhesion”(VMA), “no vitreoretinal contact visible”, and pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME).
Results
Seventeen eyes (26.6%) had VMA. The preoperative SD-OCT parameters of the two groups were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The mean CFT values at postoperative first month were statistically significantly higher in VMA group (p = 0.01). Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema was observed in the postoperative first month in two eyes (3.1%) which also had VMA. Statistically significant difference was found between LCVL values of VMA and non-VMA group on the first- and third-month visits (p = 0.02, 0.04, respectively). No statistically significant difference was found between preoperative and postoperative SFCT values.
Conclusions
Pre-surgical vitreomacular adhesion may be a risk factor for development of PCME after uncomplicated cataract surgery. Choroidal expansion response after cataract surgery was not associated with pseudophakic cystoid edema.
Association of onset-to-surgery time with morbidity and mortality among patients with perforated peptic ulcer: an observational cohort study
Authors: Tan Kanglian , Tan Zhijian , Liang Hailong , Gai Juanjuan , Xie Runsheng , Xiao Yingchao , Cai Bingqin , Chen Zhiqiang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Rapid surgery is recommended to improve outcomes after peptic ulcer perforation (PPU), but understanding of the optimal onset-to-surgery time for PPU is limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the optimal time of onset to surgery for PPU that improved patient outcomes.
Methods
Data of eligible patients with PPU at three hospitals from 2019 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were categorized as a onset-to-surgery time of ≤ 12 h (early surgery [ES]) or > 12 h (late surgery [LS]). The primary outcome was 30-day sepsis morbidity. Secondary outcomes included 30-day postoperative morbidity and 30-day mortality. Patients’ characteristics and surgical outcomes were also compared. A P value of < 0.05 is considered as statistically significant.
Results
Of 245 patients, 231 (94.3%; mean [SD] age, 62.6 [18.2] years; 153 [70.5%] male)were included in the final analysis. Among the remaining cases, 50.7% underwent ES and 49.3% underwent LS. LS was associated with increased sepsis morbidity within 30 days (ORadj 5.71, 95% CI 2.02–16.10, P = 0.001). In secondary analyses, LS was associated with an increased risk of postoperative morbidity (ORadj 1.93, 95% CI 1.06–3.53, P = 0.032). The 30-day mortality was 0.9% in the ES group and 4.7% in the LS group (ORadj 3.93, 95% CI 0.43–36.05, P = 0.227). In addition, the estimated blood loss during ES was significantly less than that during LS (P = 0.004). The operative time and hospital stay were shorter in the ES group (both P < 0.005). Moreover, patients in the LS group were more likely to need for ICU admission (39.3% vs 22.7%, P = 0.008).
Conclusions
This cohort study found evidence that more favorable outcomes were achieved when surgery was performed within 12 hours after the onset of severe abdominal pain among patients with PPU. These findings provide more clarity around the optimal time of onset to surgery for patients with PPU. However, more well powered researches are needed to confirm the findings.
Genetic diversity in the capsid protein of Porcine circovirus type 3 in Vietnam from 2018 to 2019
Authors: Dinh Phat Xuan , Nguyen Hai Ngoc , Lai Danh Cong , Nguyen Toan Tat , Nguyen Minh Nam , DO DUY tien 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) was first detected in 2016 and has been recorded in many pig-producing countries around the world. PCV3 was quickly reported in Vietnamese pig farms. PCV3 was found in complex cases with multiple clinical syndromes in swine. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity among PCV3 strains circulating in Vietnam, which provide novel insights into molecular characteristics and genetic diversity of these PCV3 isolates. A total of 249 samples were collected from swine farms located in eight provinces of Vietnam. We identified 11.65% (29/249) of collected samples with the presence of PCV3. The ORF2 genes of 29 PCV3-positive samples were amplified, purified, and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of these strains showed that 23/29 PCV3 strains belong to PCV3b sub-type, while the remaining strains fall into sub-type c and sub-type a (a-1 and a-2). Analysis of the ORF2 genes indicated that the 29 PCV3 strains had high sequence identity (96.90–100% at the genomic level and 96.19–100% at the amino acid level). Fifteen amino acid substitutions were found in the predicted B-cell epitopes in capsid protein of Vietnamese PCV3 strains.
The Impact of Two Hours of Electrocardiogram Teaching on Knowledge and Confidence
Authors: Pollock Ailís , O'Sullivan Jenna , Traynor Bryan , Vaughan Carl 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation remains suboptimal among medical students and doctors in clinical practice. This study assessed the impact of a short period of ECG teaching provided to medical students on completion of their academic curriculum, focusing on specific aspects of ECG interpretation.
Objectives
The primary outcome was the impact on students’ knowledge. The secondary outcome was the impact on confidence in ECG interpretation.
Methods
Prospective cohort study of the impact of 2 hours of ECG teaching delivered by Cardiology trainees to final year medical students. Standardised 10 question examinations were given before and after the session. Questionnaires were given to assess confidence in ECG interpretation.
Results
Of 150 students who received teaching, 141 completed the pre-course examination and 139 completed the post-course examination (mean age 25.1 years; 55.5% female; 81.1% undergraduate). There was a statistically significant improvement in results after the course (p value < 0.001). The improvement was most significant in the assessment of heart rate and STEMI identification. There was a deterioration in the identification of spot diagnosis ECGs (p value 0.02). Thirty-nine students completed feedback questionnaires. There was a statistically significant improvement in confidence in ECG interpretation (p value < 0.001).
Conclusions
This study showed an improvement in both ECG knowledge and confidence in ECG interpretation following 2 hours of teaching. The assessment of simple concepts such as heart rate improved more significantly than complex concepts such as conduction abnormalities. Our findings suggest a benefit from dedicated ECG revision programmes with different methodologies used to teach different aspects of ECG interpretation.
Artemether-lumefantrine efficacy among adults on antiretroviral therapy in Malawi
Authors: Nyangulu Wongani , Mungwira Randy G. , Divala Titus H. , Nampota-Nkomba Nginache , Nyirenda Osward M. , Buchwald Andrea G. , Miller Jernelle , Earland Dominique E. , Adams Matthew , Plowe Christopher V. , Taylor Terrie E. , Mallewa Jane , vanOosterhout Joep J. , Parikh Sunil , Laurens Matthew B. , Laufer Miriam 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundWhen people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (PWH) develop malaria, they are at risk of poor antimalarial treatment efficacy resulting from impairment in the immune response and/or drug-drug interactions that alter antimalarial metabolism. We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine in a cohort of PWH on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and included measurement of day 7 lumefantrine levels in a subset to evaluate for associations between lumefantrine exposure and treatment response. MethodsAdults living with HIV ( ≥18 years), on ART for ≥ 6 months with undetectable HIV RNA viral load and CD4 count ≥250/mm3 were randomized to daily trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TS), weekly chloroquine (CQ) or no prophylaxis. After diagnosis of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria, we conducted therapeutic efficacy monitoring with PCR-correction according to WHO guidelines. We assessed plasma lumefantrine levels on day 7 in 100 episodes of uncomplicated malaria. A frailty proportional hazards model with random effects models to account for clustering examined the relationship between prophylactic treatment arm and malaria treatment failure within 28 days. Pearson’s Chi – squared test was used to compare lumefantrine concentrations among patients with treatment failure and adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR). ResultsWe observed 411 malaria episodes among 186 participants over five years. The unadjusted ACPR rate was 81% (95% CI 77 - 86). However, after PCR correction to exclude new infections, ACPR rate was 94% (95% CI 92 - 97). In our population of adults with HIV on ART, 54% (51/94) had levels below a previously defined optimal day 7 lumefantrine level of 200 ng/ml. This occurred more commonly among participants who were receiving an efavirenz-based ART compared to other ART regimens (OR 5.09 [95% CI 1.52-7.9]). Participants who experienced treatment failure had lower day 7 median lumefantrine levels (91 ng/ml [95% CI 48 – 231]) than participants who experienced ACPR (190 ng/ml [95% CI 101 – 378], p-value < 0.008). ConclusionRecurrent malaria infections are frequent in this population of PWH on ART. The PCR-adjusted efficacy of AL meets the WHO criteria for acceptable treatment efficacy. Nevertheless, lumefantrine levels tend to be low in this population, particularly in those on efavirenz-based regimens, with lower concentrations associated with more frequent malaria infections following treatment. These results highlight the importance of understanding drug-drug interactions when diseases commonly co-occur.
Formation of intracellular vesicles within the Gram+ Lactococcus lactis induced by the overexpression of Caveolin-1β
Authors: Flourieusse Anthony , Bourgeois Pauline , Schenckbecker Emma , Palvair Jovanne , Legrand Déborah , Labbé Clarisse , Bescond Thomas , Avoscan Laure , Orlowski Stéphane , Rouleau Alain , Frelet-Barrand Annie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Caveolae are invaginated plasma membrane domains of 50-100 nm in diameter involved in many important physiological functions in cells. They are composed of different proteins, including the membrane-embedded caveolins and the peripheric cavins. Caveolin-1 has already been expressed in various expression systems (E. coli, insect cells, Toxoplasma gondii, cell-free system), generating intracellular caveolin-enriched vesicles in E. coli, insect cells and T. gondii. These systems helped to understand the protein insertion within the membrane and its oligomerization. There is still need for fundamental insights into the formation of specific domains on membrane, deformation of a biological membrane driven by caveolin-1, the organization of a caveolar coat, and the requirement of specific lipids and proteins during the process. The aim of this study was to test whether the heterologously expressed caveolin-1β was able to induce the formation of intracellular vesicles within a Gram+ bacterium, Lactococcus lactis, since it displays a specific lipid composition different from E. coli and appears to emerge as a good alternative to E. coli for efficient overexpression of various membrane proteins.Results: Recombinant bacteria transformed with the plasmid pNZ-HTC coding for the canine isoform of caveolin-1β has been shown to produce caveolin-1β, under its functional oligomeric form, at a high expression level unexpected for an eukaryotic membrane protein. Electron microscopy revealed several intracellular vesicles from 30 to 60 nm, a size comparable to E. coli h-caveolae, beneath the plasma membrane of the overexpressing bacteria, showing that caveolin-1β is sufficient to induce membrane vesiculation. Immunolabelling studies showed antibodies on such neo-formed intracellular vesicles, but none on plasma membrane. Density gradient fractionation allowed the correlation between detection of oligomers on Western blotting and appearance of vesicles measurable by DLS, showing the requirement of caveolin-1β oligomerization for vesicle formation. Conclusion: These caveolin-1β enriched intracellular neo-formed vesicles might be useful for potential co-expression of membrane proteins of pharmaceutical interest for their simplified functional characterization.
Eating behavior and physical activity leading to gender differences in overweight and obesity among college students in China
Authors: Mu Lianwei , Qiu Ping-xue , Wang Hai-ying 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Overweight and obesity are showing an increasing prevalence among college students. But gender differences related to overweight and obesity in Chinese college students have not been adequately characterized. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the gender differences in overweight and obesity among college students, then, investigate why these gender differ-ences exist. A total of 622 undergraduate students (females: N = 245, male: N = 377), aged 18–23 years, were recruited from the Hebei Sport University in China. Anthropometric data, physical activity and sedentary behaviors, eating behaviors (cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating) and food addiction were collected through anthropometric measurements and questionnaires that included the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short-form (IPAQ-SF), the Modified Food Addiction Scale version 2.0 (mYFAS 2.0), and the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ). Here, we show that female college students had a significantly higher prevalence of overweight and obesity (Female: BFP ≥ 25%; Male: BFP ≥ 20%) than male students. Meanwhile, Female college students had a higher mean body fat percentage (BFP) and a lower waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, visceral fat area, fat-free mass, muscle mass, and skeletal muscle mass compared to male college students. Additionally, female college students were more likely to be moderate physical activity than males, while male college students were more likely to be severe physical activity. Female college students had significantly higher mean scores for cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating than males. Our findings indicated that the higher prevalence of overweight and obesity rates in female college students than male students may be due to de differences in physical activity and eating behavior.
Clusterwise multivariate regression of mixed-type panel data
Authors: Vávra Jan , Komárek Arnošt , Grün Bettina , Malsiner-Walli Gertraud 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Multivariate panel data of mixed type are routinely collected in many different areas of application, often jointly with additional covariates which complicate the statistical analysis. Moreover, it is often of interest to identify unknown groups of units in a study population using such data structure, i.e., to perform clustering.
In the Bayesian framework, we propose a finite mixture of multivariate generalised linear mixed effects regression models to cluster numeric, binary, ordinal and categorical panel outcomes jointly. The specification of suitable priors on the model parameters allows for convenient posterior inference based on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling with data augmentation. The Bayesian approach allows to obtain both a classification of the subjects in the data and new subjects as well as cluster-specific parameter estimates. Finally, model estimation and selection of the number of data clusters are simultaneously performed when approximating the posterior for a single model using MCMC sampling without resorting to multiple model estimations.
The performance of the proposed methodology is evaluated in a simulation study. Its application is illustrated on two data sets, one from a longitudinal patient study to infer prognosis groups, and a second one from the Czech part of the EU-SILC survey where households are annually interviewed to obtain insights into changes in their financial capability.
Case Serie of Hybrid Brachytherapy followed by Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (HyBIRT) Technique for the Definitive Management of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma (TSCC)
Authors: Musa Muhamad Yusri , Appalanaido Gokula Kumar , Ch’ng Ewe Seng , Shukor Syadwa Abdul , Soon Eu Chong , Noor Siti Noor Fazliah Mohd , Azahari Ahmad Naqiuddin , Kamaruddin Siti Hajariah , Ishak Nor Hafizah , Aziz Mohd Zahri Abdul , Jalil Jasmin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The Hybrid Brachytherapy followed by Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (HyBIRT) technique reverses the commonly used sequence by delivering high dose rate interstitial brachytherapy (HDRIBT) first followed by IMRT in the management of tongue squamous cell carcinomas (TSCC).
Materials and methods
Eleven patients treated with 20Gy in 5 fractions HDRIBT to TSCC followed by definitive IMRT to 69.96Gy to the involved nodes; 61.71Gy to the high risk volume and 56.1Gy to the low risk volume over 33 fractions in a single institution were analyzed retrospectively.
Results
All 11 patients achieved clinical complete response (cCR) and 9 patients with available radiological imaging achieved radiological complete response (rCR) at the primary site. One year locoregional progression-free survival was 90% (95% CI: 73.2% − 100%) and 18-month disease-free survival (DFS) for 8 patients who achieved rCR was 66.7% (95% CI: 30% − 100%). Median times to cCR and rCR at the primary site were 3.91 months and 4.34 months, respectively. Seven out of 8 patients with nodal disease achieved rCR of the nodes with a median time for rCR of 4.58 months. Two patients had persistent ulcer at 8 months and 11 months of follow-up.
Discussion
HyBIRT technique has the advantage of easy tumor identification during HDRIBT applicator insertion, ability to maneuver the subsequent IMRT plan and reduced the overall treatment time (OTT) while delivering tumoricidal dose to gross disease. Studies with larger sample size are needed to further confirm the efficacy of this organ sparring technique.
Single-Cell Transcriptomic and Chromatin Accessibility Atlas of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Reveal the Immune Cell Heterogeneity of Pigs
Authors: Bao Wenbin , Fan Hairui , Xu Chao , Du Cui , Wang Haifei , Wang Yuejun , Zhao Bin , Chen Chao , Shang Shaobin , Wu Shenglong , Sun Ming-an 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Pig is a widely-used for biomedical studies and xenotransplantation, yet its immune cell heterogeneity remains poorly characterized. Here, we generate single-cell transcriptomes and chromatin maps for the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) of two porcine breeds with distinct immune traits. Dozens of cell types are annotated, with γδ T lymphocytes making up one-fifth of all PBMCs. Both the cellular composition and immune gene expression abundance underlie the immune trait variations across breeds. Transcription factors associated with each immune lineage are also identified, including many known to be critical for T, B and myeloid development. Furthermore, most cell populations and the corresponding markers match between pigs and human. Our study would be valuable not only for better understanding of the immune heterogeneity and immune traits in pigs, but also for identifying novel immune cell subsets, markers and regulators to facilitate future biomedical studies about human immunology and organ xenotransplantation.