bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dutch Penal Protection Orders in Practice
Authors: Fischer Tamar , Struijk Sanne 
Published: March 2022

Dutch Penal Protection Orders in Practice
Penal protection orders (PPOs) aim to protect initial victims from repeat victimisation and in a broader sense from any danger for his or her dignity or psychological and sexual integrity and may therefore be important instruments for victim safety. However, knowledge on the actual practice of the PPOs and the successes, dilemmas and challenges involved is scarce. In this article, we describe the legal framework and actual enforcement practice of Dutch PPOs. The theoretical framework leading our explorative analyses regards Lipsky’s notion of ‘street-level bureaucracy’ and the succeeding work of Maynard & Musheno and Tummers on coping strategies and agency narratives of frontline workers. Using interview data from criminal justice professionals, victims and offenders, we describe the conditions of the enforcement practice and answer the question which coping mechanisms and types of agencies the professionals tend to apply in order to meet the legislative aims and to protect victims as effectively as possible. Results show that the five conditions described by Lipsky are clearly present. So far, in almost all situations the process of monitoring violations is reactive and because knowledge on risk indicators for violent escalation is still limited, it is difficult for frontline workers to decide how many and what type of resources should be invested in which cases. This results in a ‘moving away from clients’ strategy. However, within this context in which reactive enforcement is the default, we also found several examples of coping that represent ‘moving towards clients’ strategies.
Criminele inmenging in het mkb: casusonderzoek naar de faciliterende rol van bonafide ondernemingen in het criminele bedrijfsproces
Authors: Essen Erik , Maan Jimmy 
Published: March 2022

Manifestations of Criminal Intrusion in Small and Medium-sized Businesses: The facilitating role of bona fide businesses in the criminal business process
While not a new phenomenon, research on criminal intrusion in (small) businesses is often focussed on the perspective of the criminal, reconstructed after a crime has taken place. In this article we add the perspective of the entrepreneur from the moment he/she is confronted with early signs of possible criminal intrusion. Firstly, we introduce a definition of criminal intrusion, based on 18 cases of (attempted) criminal intrusion in small business: The process by which an actor of a criminal organization turns to and associates with a bona fide corporation, making that corporation a facilitator of criminal business process without its deliberate intent. Secondly, we distinguish three (not necessarily limitative) main practices on how this facilitation of crime takes place within the scope of criminal intrusion in bona fide businesses: 1) a transactional model, which focusses on an exchange of products or services between criminal organizations and businesses; 2) a parasitic relationship where operational processes are abused for criminal gains, and 3) infiltration, in which targeted infiltration, corruption of employees or ‘criminal investment’ takes place to gain a foothold within the business. By introducing a theoretical framework for the categorisation of cases, we hope to further develop the possibilities of (criminological) analysis of criminal intrusion, while simultaneously provide small business owners insights to strengthen their resilience against organised crime.
Desain dan Analisa Mesin Pencacah Nilam Dengan Kapasitas 200 Kg/Jam
Authors: Miswan Miswan , Salimin Salimin , Endriatno Nanang 
Published: March 2022

The Southeast Sulawesi region, which is the East Kolaka area, especially the AERE sub- district, AERE village is an area whose livelihood is in agriculture. One of them is patchouli farming. In processing patchouli, most still use traditional methods. This makes the patchouli processing process less efficient, so researchers want to create a tool that can make patchouli processing to save costs. Patchouli chopping machine is an important tool in improving the observation of patchouli farming. The working principle of this machine utilizes the power of a gasoline motor. Through the Puly mechanism and the V- belt produced by the gasoline motor, it will be transferred to the shaft which is connected to the blade. The stages of design and calculation on the patchouli chopping machine consist of calculating the design power, calculating the shaft, calculating the shear stress, torsional moment of the plan, designing the blade by taking into account the characteristic data of patchouli, the average patchouli volume and patchouli mass (ms). . Based on the results of the calculation of the characteristics of the patchouli plant with an average height of patchouli 150 cm, diameter of the main stem 12.79 mm and density of 0.112 g cm, it can be concluded that the power of the gasoline motor used is 6.5 hp with a shaft rotation of n1 3600 rpm , the design power obtained on the shaft design of the patchouli chopping machine is 9.554 (kw), the shear stress on the shaft is 1.646 kg/mm², the compressive strength of the slicing knife is 36.2044512 N, with a shear stress of 0.1153008 N/mm².Keywords: Design, analysis, crusher machine,patchouli
Pengujian Eksperimen Pembuang Panas dan Aliran Udara Pada Berbagai Bentuk Heatsink
Authors: Masrianto Zulqifli , Mangalla Lukas Kano , Gunawan Yuspian 
Published: March 2022

Heatsinks are widely used in heat exchangers to increase the rate of heat transfer between a surface and the working fluid. This study aims to determine the effect of surface shape and area, and air flow velocity on the rate of heat transfer of the three different heatsinks. The research was conducted experimentally by testing three forms of heatsinks with variations in air flow velocity in a small windtunell. The windtunnel is equipped with test equipment such as a handheld wind meter, K-Type thermocouple and a stopwatch. The heating source for the three model heatsinks is an electric heater that can reach a heating temperature of 100oC. Air flow velocity is varied from 0.5 m/s, 1.0 m/s and 1.5 m/s. The results of this experiment show that the heat dissipation rate is directly correlated with the air flow velocity and the heat transfer surface area. At flow velocities of 0.5 m/s, 1.0 m/s and 1.5 m/s, the air temperature behind the heat sink (T2) is 62.8oC, 56.7 oC, and 52.4 oC, respectively. From the heat calculation results show that the shape of the heatsink -model 3- dissipates heat higher than others where the surface area is much larger. For a flow velocity of 0.5 m/s, the rate of heat dissipation generated in model 1, Model 2 and model 3 are 26875 J/s, 34449.01 J/s and 37686.19 J/s, respectively. Keywords: Heat dissipation, surface model, air flow and heatsink.
The Effect Of Brainstorming Group On Breast Cancer Prevention In Adolescents
Authors: Simamora Rotua Suriany , Lestari Putri 
Published: March 2022

Breast cancer is a type of malignant disease that is greatly feared by women. Breast cancer is the second highest cancer incidence in the world that most often affects women. The high incidence of breast cancer need to be observed by prevention and early detection. Health education is one method to increase knowledge about breast cancer. Health education will be conducted by researchers in the prevention of breast cancer is with a group brainstorming method. This study is a Quasi Experiment, or who have a treatment by using pre-test and post test without control group. The study population was a teenager using a sampling that is purposive sampling.
The results using Paired T-Test prior to the brainstorming group mean value of 2.08, after doing the brainstorming group mean value of 1.33, and p value of 0.000 (p value> 0.05).
It can be concluded that there is a difference in the prevention of breast cancer before and after brainstorming group in adolescents
Formulation and Effectiveness Test of Eschericia coli Bacteria Organic Liquid Soap Preparations Aloe Vera Leaf (Aloe Vera Linn)
Authors: Isnawati Nafisah 
Published: March 2022

Research on organic liquid soap formulations and the effectiveness test of Echericia coli bacteria from Aloe vera (Aloe vera linn) have been conducted. This research aims to formulate and test the effectiveness of liquid soap preparations using natural ingredients. The formulation is made by aloe vera leaves, sodium chloride, suji leaf coloring, and the lime scent with concentrations of 10%, 25%, and 50%. The results of the research organoleptic test process were the results of soap preparations with liquid texture, the lime scent and the typical green color of suji leaves. The pH of the observations was 6 for various concentrations. High liquid soap foam with 10% concentration obtained an average of 89.27 mm, a concentration of 25%, 69.46 mm, and a concentration of 50% with an average of 52.05 mm. the result of liquid test specific soap obtained from 10% concentration is 1.037g / ml, 25% concentration is 1.048 g / ml and 50% concentration is 1.059 g / ml. the resultsof research obstacles zone on Echericia coli bacteria obtained an average of 16.7 mm for a concentration of 10%, 18.7 mm for a concentration of 25%, and a obstacles zone of 22.7 mm for a concentration of 50% and for irritation test 100% found no irritation.
Analysis Of Factors Related To Response Time Nurses In The Handling Of Emergency Patients In The Emergency Room
Authors: Ra’uf Muhammad 
Published: March 2022

Background : As a nurse that work on emergency department, they are demanded to always do their jobs in any situation and condition that include rescuing patient with professional attitude especially on treating emergency patients. Emergency department as the first gateway to handling emergency case in hospital hold important role on attempt to save patients life. Those respond time have to be taken advantage of to fulfill prime procedure within handling emergency cases or ABCD procedure (Airway, Breathing, Circulation, and Disability). It will able to lessen the spread of internal organ damage and also lessen the cost. Goal : To realize factor that is related to Respond Time on treating emergency patients in Ulin Regional Public Hospital and Dr. Moch. Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin Regional Public Hospital. Meanwhile, independent variables in this research are : age, sex, education, years of service, training, motivation, and job design. Method : Research will use correlation analytic with cross sectional design. The total sampling in this research are 77 responden. Tools that will be used are respond time observation sheet, stopwatch/wristwatch to count responden's respond time, and questionnaire about characteristic, motivation, and nurse's working design in Ulin Regional Public Hospital and Dr. Moch. Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin Regional Public Hospital.
Result : Nurses that are inside emergency department which is less than 30 years old are mostly woman, They are mostly have D3 (Diploma 3) education, most nurses also have 5 years of service, and lastly most nurses have BTCLS training. Based on logistic regression analysis, it can be gathered that 1 variable whose have the most common response time are based on age. Implication to nurses : In order to improve nurse's human resourcefulness on subject of emergency, it is hoped that the regarded installation hold training about emergency handling for nurses so that competency, skill, and continually increase nurse's experience and their up-to-date, and also provide facilities and infrastructure that are required within emergency patient needs.
Determining the “Core of Indianness:” A Feminist Political Economy of NIL/TU,O v. BCGEU
Authors: King Adam , Coburn Veldon , Vosko Leah , Hall Rebecca , Lyubchenko Olena , Noack Andie 
Published: March 2022

In light of Bill C-92, which establishes a framework for delegating child and family service provision to Indigenous communities, this article addresses the contested regulation of employment and labour relations in Indigenous social service workplaces. It approaches this subject by looking back at NIL/TU,O Child and Family Services Society v. B.C. Government and Service Employees’ Union, a case in which employees at a First Nations child and family services provider attempted to unionize. NIL/TU,O set in motion a legal battle over the jurisdiction of Indigenous labour relations that ultimately reached the Supreme Court of Canada in 2010. The SCC’s determined that the labours of the Indigenous workers at NIȽ TU,O Child and Family Services are a matter of provincial jurisdiction because they fall outside of the “core of Indianness,“ a contested legal concept used to designate federal legislative power over First Nations peoples. Using Indigenous feminisms and a feminist political economy approach, we argue that this decision rests on gendered appraisals – and, indeed, obfuscations – of social reproduction labour. Bill C-92 necessitates revisiting the case history in NIL/TU,O because of the ways in which it seems to conflict with the new Act. We suggest that the uncertainty surrounding jurisdiction over Indigenous labour has the dual potential of, on the one hand, being used strategically for exploitative or dis-possessive purposes, or, on the other hand, taken up as a opening for increased self-determination by Indigenous peoples.
Artefurar: ocupação Ksa rosa
Authors: Freitas Lemos José Carlos , Fuão Fernando Freitas , Vicari Zanatta Cláudia 
Published: March 2022

Na Ocupação Ksa Rosa, os muitos furos existentes agem como metáforas, metonímias, analogias, antíteses e paradoxos da concepção de casa com a qual fomos domesticados. Aí ocorrem inversões, sobreposições, alterações de sentido. Uma porta, por vezes, transforma-se em janela, uma parede se se torna passagem, entradas, muitas vezes, são bloqueadas. O furo é um etéreo elemento de transição. Estes buracos, passagens, acessos, portas e janelas fazem parte da constituição essencial da arquitetura, participam daquilo que é o fundamento do habitável, dos rudimentos arquetípicos da arquitetura. Espécie de reminiscência ancestral que viabiliza a circulação da vida. Furos expõem a nudez da arquitetura. Furos são sempre entradas para mundos, efeitos de expansão, exposição, expressão diante de universos. Por eles nascemos, despertamos, desabrochamos para novas configurações, cenários e contextos. Ao perfurarmos, (re)produzimos o mundo, dobramos o espaço, abrimos o que era fechado ao mundo numa curvatura de acolhimento, uma invaginação. As aberturas encerram a polaridade platônica da luz e da escuridão. A entrada através delas é sempre envolvida de mistério, o escuro da terra, a gruta, a caverna, o terrorífico, o grotesco. Portas também são saídas, trazem a luz, o vento no rosto, a revelação, a beleza, o alívio, a esperança, o encorajamento, o mundo, a vida. O furo não tem tempo, não pertence ao tempo, a nenhum tempo, é um não tempo. Além de uma heterotopia, uma heterocronia. Uma borda entre dois ou mais estados diferentes. Um tempo sem tempo ou um tempo de muitos tempos.
[Procedures for the environmental remediation of contaminated sites in Italy: food for thought from the Roundtable at Flowpath 2021 in Naples]
Authors: Di Curzio Diego , Rotiroti Marco , Preziosi Elisabetta 
Published: March 2022

[This technical note follows the discussion that took place during the Roundtable on “Experiences and perspectives on groundwater contamination: from characterization to legal implications”, held during the National Conference Flowpath 2021, which was attended by experts in the field of contaminated sites from the academic, professional, and public sectors. This contribution aims at summarizing and discussing the critical points emerged during the Roundtable, starting from the description of the technical-administrative procedure currently required by the Italian legislation and the measures suggested for each phase of the environmental remediation process.]

[In Italian]
Dietary fatty acid patterns and risk of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Hu Chanchan , Lin Zheng , Liu Zhiqiang , Tang Xuwei , Song Jianyu , Lin Jianbo , Chen Yuanmei , Hu Zhijian 
Published: March 2022

Background
To characterize and examine the associations between dietary fatty acid intake patterns and the risk of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods
A total of 422 patients and 423 controls were recruited. Dietary fatty acids were entered into a factor analysis. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline were used to evaluate the risk of ESCC specific for different dietary fatty acid patterns (FAPs). A forest plot was applied to show the association between FAPs and ESCC risk after stratification by lifestyle exposure factors (tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, pickled food, fried food, hot food, hard food).

Results
The factor analysis generated four major fatty acid patterns: a medium- and long-chain SFA (MLC-SFA) pattern; an even-chain unsaturated fatty acid (EC-UFA) pattern, a saturated fatty acid (SFA) pattern and an n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 LC-PUFA) pattern. In the multivariate-adjusted model, the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of ESCC were 2.07 (1.31, 3.26) and 0.53 (0.34, 0.81) for the highest versus the lowest tertiles of the EC-UFA pattern and n-3 LC-PUFA pattern, respectively. The MLC-SFA and SFA patterns were not associated with ESCC. An association between FAPs and ESCC risk after stratification by lifestyle exposure factors was also observed.

Conclusions
Our study indicates that the EC-UFA pattern and n-3 LC-PUFA pattern intake are associated with ESCC, providing a potential dietary intervention for ESCC prevention.
Perception of Undergraduates and Postgraduates Pertaining Online Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study amongst Sudanese Health Professional Students
Authors: Osman Fadl Hiba Awadelkareem , Abdelmoneim Hamza Abdelrahman Hamza , Mohamed Eissa Mahir Eissa , Adam Osman Hadeel Idris , Ibrahim Ali Hiba Ali , Yousif Mohamed Noha Abdalla 
Published: March 2022

Background: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has affected all aspects of life globally and locally in Sudan, including institutional and educational services. In Sudan, education is grounded by the traditional method of learning in a classroom (face-to-face lectures). The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 forced some universities and colleges to conduct online learning. This study aimed to assess the perception of health professional students in Sudan, including undergraduates and postgraduates, regarding the possible outcomes of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among both undergraduate and postgraduate health professional students in Sudan. A convenient sample collection method was utilized, from which data was collected online via a self-administered structured questionnaire composed of nineteen questions, which were then validated by a medical education expert. The input was assessed and the data was analyzed using a statistical package for social science (SPSS).
Results: Overall, 133 health professional students responded to the web questionnaire, of which 97 (73%) were undergraduates and 36 (27%) were postgraduates. Amongst the undergraduates, 58 (59.8%) expressed a positive perception while 39 (40.2%) expressed a negative perception. Whereas 24 (66.7%) of postgraduates had a positive perception, 12 (33.3%) of them expressed a negative perception regarding online learning in Sudan.
Conclusion: Postgraduate health professionals were more familiar with online learning and expressed a higher level of perception in comparison to the undergraduates. Furthermore, several students were already exposed to hybrid online learning during the current COVID-19 pandemic. The participating students in this study stated several obstacles to the implementation of online learning in Sudan and appropriately managing them is vital for the successful implementation of this mode of learning.
HashNET Blockchain Consensus for DLT Applications
Authors: Maričević J. , Skala K. , Šojat Z. , Mesarić J. , Jerković I. , Bojović V. , Hofman D. 
Published: March 2022

Our modern world is becoming increasingly reliant on the processing, exchange and storage of information. This trend of so-called "digitalisation" is penetrating every pore of human civilisation, including nature, people, and machines; our economy and production, which must be as local as possible; and our global ecology. The use of information processing technology brings benefits to a wide range of endeavours. In this sense, many computing technologies and techniques must be used to achieve the goal of an integrated global service ecosystem, a Rainbow ecosystem of all hierarchical levels of computing.
One of the most important new developments in recent years is the development of blockchain technology. A blockchain can solve many problems of persistent and traceable storage, as well as enable direct coordination, compensation, etc. Therefore, in the Dew-Fog-Cloud hierarchy, blockchain technology is a promising new approach to enable novel applications in a variety of fields, from social and educational to scientific and industrial.
However, there are two important points in many implementations of the current blockchain which prevent them from being used for public service solutions. The first is the proof algorithm - the vast majority of proof-of-work algorithms do useless work and waste enormous amounts of energy. The second one is that proof-of-stake algorithm is not suitable for open public infrastructure.
The HashNET algorithm, which uses proof-of-authority combined with master nodes to achieve distributed consensus and ensure trust, is explained in detail in this paper.
As an example of future applications in science, education and society, we also briefly describe certificate validation and future application for scientific publications.
Effect of Different Levels of Pusa Hydrogel on Soil Moisture Retention in Different Soil of Ranchi Region under Polyhouse Condition
Authors: Kujur Abha Nutan , Wadood Abdul , Kumari Pragyan 
Published: March 2022

The pot experiment was conducted under polyhouse conditions during 2019 in Kharif season (August- December) in the Department of Agrometeorology and Environmental Science, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India using Factorial Complete Randomized Design. The treatments consists three levels of Pusa hydrogel (5 g, 10 g, and 20 g) with three replications in upland, upper medium land and lower medium land soil. This study was carried out with specific objectives of the influence of Pusa hydrogel-induced varying soil moistures on the performance of the okra crop. Results revealed that the treatment T3 (20 g of Pusa hydrogel) recorded significantly high soil moisture content compared to all other treatments. It recorded the highest average soil moisture content (25.1% in upland,26.8% in upper midland, and 27.5% in lower midland soil) while the control i.e. without hydrogel (T7) recorded the least soil moisture content as 14.96% in upland, 15.55%. in upper midland and 15.57% in lower midland soil.