bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A double‐blind randomised feasibility trial of angiotensin‐2 in cardiac surgery*
Authors: Coulson T. G. , Miles L. F. , Serpa Neto A. , Pilcher D. , Weinberg L. , Landoni G. , Zarbock A. , Bellomo R. 
Published: August 2022

SummaryAcute kidney injury is common after cardiac surgery. Vasoplegic hypotension may contribute to kidney injury, and different vasopressors may have variable effects on kidney function. We conducted a double‐blind, randomised feasibility trial comparing peri‐operative angiotensin‐2 with noradrenaline. We randomly allocated 60 patients at two centres to a blinded equipotent angiotensin‐2 or noradrenaline infusion intra‐operatively and for up to 48 h postoperatively, titrated to mean arterial pressure of 70–80 mmHg. Primary feasibility outcomes included consent rate, protocol adherence, infusion duration, mean arterial pressure maintenance in the target range and major adverse outcomes. Secondary outcomes included kidney injury rate. The consent rate was 47%. Protocol adherence was 100% in the angiotensin‐2 group and 94% in the noradrenaline group. Study drug duration was median (IQR [range]) 217 (160–270 [30–315]) vs. 185 (135–301 [0–480]) min (p = 0.78) min intra‐operatively, and 5 (0–16 [0–48]) vs. 14.5 (4.8–29 [0–48]) hours (p = 0.075) postoperatively for angiotensin‐2 and noradrenaline, respectively. The mean arterial pressure target was achieved postoperatively in 25 of 28 (89%) of the angiotensin‐2 group and 27 of 32 (84%) of the noradrenaline group. One participant had a stroke, one required extracorporeal support and three required renal replacement therapy, all in the noradrenaline group (p = 0.99, p = 0.99 and p = 0.1). Acute kidney injury occurred in 7 of 28 in the angiotensin‐2 group vs. 12 of 32 patients in the noradrenaline group (p = 0.31). This pilot study suggests that a trial comparing angiotensin‐2 with noradrenaline is feasible. Its findings justify further investigations of angiotensin‐2 in cardiac surgery.
Multicentre study found no increased risk of clinically important brain injuries when children presented more than 24 h after a minor head trauma
Authors: Vajna de Pava Marco , Milani Gregorio Paolo , Zuccotti Gian Vincenzo , Tommasi Paola , Calvi Matteo , Amoroso Angela , Montesano Paola , Boselli Giulia , Castellazzi Massimo Luca , Agosti Massimo ,   the LomPedEm Group
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimValidated clinical decision rules on neuroimaging are not available for children who are evaluated more than 24 h after a minor head trauma. We compared clinically important traumatic brain injuries in children who presented with a minor head trauma within or after 24 h.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of patients aged 0–17 years, who were evaluated for minor head traumas by five paediatric emergency departments in Northern Italy between January 2019 and June 2020. Children with clinically important traumatic brain injuries were divided into those who had presented within and after 24 h.ResultsThe study comprised 5981 children (59.9% boys), with a median age of 2 years, including 243 (4.1%) who had presented more than 24 h after their minor head trauma. Neuroimaging was performed on 448 (7.5%) patients and the time of presentation had no impact on the rates of clinically important traumatic brain injuries. Multiple logistic regression did not show any association between clinically important traumatic brain injuries and late presentation.ConclusionDelayed presentation to a paediatric emergency department after a minor head trauma did not alter the risk of clinically important traumatic brain injuries and the same neuroimaging rules could apply.
Virtually in love: The role of anthropomorphism in virtual romantic relationships
Authors: Koike Mayu , Loughnan Steve , Stanton Sarah C. E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRomantic relationships are a cornerstone of human nature. Today, these relationships can potentially be fulfilled by virtual agents. Although previous psychological research has examined how human needs can be met by anthropomorphized agents, it has neglected virtual romantic relationships. This paper introduces the concept of romantic anthropomorphism (i.e. giving a non‐human agent human‐like characteristics in a romantic context) to help understand virtual romance. In three laboratory studies, we used romantic video games (RVGs) to examine how romantic anthropomorphism predicts relationship authenticity, desire for real‐world relationship and mood (Studies 1A, 1B and 2) as well as real‐world interpersonal behaviour (Study 2). Study 1A revealed that romantic anthropomorphism of a virtual agent predicted desire for a real‐world relationship with the virtual agent and greater positive affect via feeling that the relationship built with the virtual agent was authentic. Study 1B replicated these results using a larger sample and a different RVG. Study 2 replicated these results, but revealed that playing RVGs failed to predict real‐world behaviour in a subsequent interaction with a human confederate. This research identifies a unique way that people find connection in the modern world and provides novel insight into the fields of anthropomorphism, virtual interactions and relationship science.
Deep intronic variant in MVK as a cause for mevalonic aciduria initially presenting as non‐syndromic retinitis pigmentosa
Authors: Dvaladze Anna , Tavares Erika , Di Scipio Matteo , Nimmo Graeme , Grudzinska‐Pechhacker Monika K. , Paton Tara , Tumber Anupreet , Li Shuning , Eileen Christabel , Ertl‐Wagner Birgit , Mamak Eva , Hoffmann Georg , Marshall Christian R. , Haas Dorothea , Mayatepek Ertan , Schulze Andreas , Heon Elise , Vincent Ajoy 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNon‐syndromic retinitis pigmentosa (NSRP) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by progressive degeneration of the rod and cone photoreceptors, often leading to blindness. The evolving association of syndromic genes to cause NSRP and the increasing role of intronic variants in explaining missing heritability in genetic disorders present challenges in establishing conclusive clinical and genetic diagnoses. This study sought to identify and validate the causative genetic variant(s) in a 13‐year‐old male initially diagnosed with NSRP. Genome sequencing identified a pathogenic missense variant in MVK [NM_000431.3:c.803T>C (p.Ile268Thr)], in trans with a novel intronic variant predicted to create a new donor splice site (c.768+71C>A). Proband cDNA analysis confirmed the inclusion of the first 68 base pairs of intron 8 that resulted in a frameshift in MVK (r.768_769ins[768+1_768+68]) and significantly reduced the expression of reference transcript (17.6%). Patient re‐phenotyping revealed ataxia, cerebellar atrophy, elevated urinary mevalonate and LTE4, in keeping with mild mevalonic aciduria and associated syndromic retinitis pigmentosa. Leakage of reference transcript likely explains the milder phenotype observed in our patient. This is the first association of a deep intronic splice variant to cause MVK‐related disorder. This report highlights the importance of variant validation and patient re‐phenotyping in establishing accurate diagnosis in the era of genome sequencing.
Moth community responses to woodland creation: The influence of woodland age, patch characteristics and landscape attributes
Authors: Fuentes‐Montemayor Elisa , Watts Kevin , Sansum Philip , Scott Will , Park Kirsty J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimLarge‐scale habitat creation is crucial to mitigate the current ecological crisis, but scientific evidence on its effects on biodiversity is scarce. Here, we assess how assemblages of a biodiverse group (moths) develop over time in habitat creation sites. We use temperate woodlands as a case study, and compare species assemblages in restored and mature habitat patches. We also identify local‐ and landscape‐level attributes associated with high species richness and abundance.LocationCentral Scotland, United Kingdom.MethodsWe surveyed moths in a chronosequence of 79 temperate woodland patches encompassing woodland creation sites (20–160 years old) and mature “ancient” woodlands (250+ years old). We used structural equation models, generalized linear models and ordination techniques to quantify moth community responses to woodland creation, and degree of similarity to moth assemblages in ancient woodlands.ResultsWoodland creation sites harboured large numbers of moth species (212), were dominated by woodland generalists and had high species turnover. Moth abundance and diversity increased with woodland connectivity. Macromoths were more abundant and diverse in younger woodlands; micromoth specialists occurred more frequently in older woodland creation sites. Ancient woodlands had similar moth abundance/richness than woodland creation sites (except for fewer macromoth woodland specialist species), but their species composition was somewhat different. Patterns of beta diversity (low nestedness) indicated that moth species in woodland creation sites are not simply subsets of species in ancient woodlands.Main conclusionsTo benefit moth communities, woodland creation sites should be structurally diverse and in close proximity to other woodlands. At the landscape scale, a mosaic of woodland patches of different ages is likely to increase moth beta (and consequently gamma) diversity. Ancient woodlands and woodland creation sites each host substantial proportions of “unique” species; individual woodland patches contain distinctive moth assemblages and should be protected and valued for their contribution to regional moth diversity.
Comparison of novel large‐bore and conventional‐bore covered self‐expandable metal stents for malignant gastric outlet obstruction: Multicenter, retrospective study
Authors: Inokuma Akiyuki , Takahara Naminatsu , Ishibashi Rei , Hakuta Ryunosuke , Ishigaki Kazunaga , Saito Kei , Saito Tomotaka , Hamada Tsuyoshi , Mizuno Suguru , Yagioka Hiroshi , Takahashi Sho , Kogure Hirofumi , Sasaki Takashi , Hirano Kenji , Ito Yukiko , Isayama Hiroyuki , Nakai Yousuke , Koike Kazuhiko , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesCovered self‐expandable metal stent (cSEMS) for gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) has been developed to overcome tumor ingrowth but is prone to be associated with an increased risk of migration. Clinical impact of the novel large‐bore cSEMS for malignant GOO remains unclear.MethodsA total of 117 patients undergoing endoscopic cSEMS placement for malignant GOO were enrolled in this multicenter retrospective study. Technical and clinical success, adverse events, recurrent GOO, and survival after stent placement were compared between 24 mm‐cSEMS (n = 49) and 20 mm‐cSEMS (n = 68).ResultsPatient characteristics were well‐balanced and thus similar survival was observed between the two groups (136 days vs. 89 days, P = 0.60). Technical success rate of 100% and clinical success rate of 96% were achieved both in 24 mm‐cSEMS and 20 mm‐cSEMS, respectively. The median cumulative time to recurrent GOO was significantly longer in 24 mm‐cSEMS than in 20 mm‐cSEMS (380 days vs. 138 days, P = 0.01). The incidence of adverse events and recurrent GOO was comparable: 12% vs. 15% (P = 0.91), and 16% vs. 31% (P = 0.11); however, no stent migration was observed in 24 mm‐cSEMS. In a subgroup analysis, the superiority of 24 mm‐cSEMS to 20 mm‐cSEMS was demonstrated in extrinsic cancers (380 days vs. 121 days, P = 0.01) but not in intrinsic cancers (151 days vs. not reached, P = 0.47).ConclusionsThe 24 mm‐cSEMS may improve time to recurrent GOO with ensuring acceptable safety in patients with malignant GOO.
Genomic selection reveals hidden relatedness and increased breeding efficiency in western redcedar polycross breeding
Authors: Gamal El‐Dien Omnia , Shalev Tal J. , Yuen Macaire M. S. , Stirling Rod , Daniels Lori D. , Breinholt Jesse W. , Neves Leandro G. , Kirst Matias , Van der Merwe Lise , Yanchuk Alvin D. , Ritland Carol , Russell John H. , Bohlmann Joerg 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWestern redcedar (WRC) is an ecologically and economically important forest tree species characterized by low genetic diversity with high self‐compatibility and high heartwood durability. Using sequence capture genotyping of target genic and non‐genic regions, we genotyped 44 parent trees and 1520 offspring trees representing 26 polycross (PX) families collected from three progeny test sites using 45,378 SNPs. Trees were phenotyped for eight traits related to growth, heartwood and foliar chemistry associated with wood durability and deer browse resistance. We used the genomic realized relationship matrix for paternity assignment, maternal pedigree correction, and to estimate genetic parameters. We compared genomics‐based (GBLUP) and two pedigree‐based (ABLUP: polycross and reconstructed full‐sib [FS] pedigrees) models. Models were extended to estimate dominance genetic effects. Pedigree reconstruction revealed significant unequal male contribution and separated the 26 PX families into 438 FS families. Traditional maternal PX pedigree analysis resulted in up to 51% overestimation in genetic gain and 44% in diversity. Genomic analysis resulted in up to 22% improvement in offspring breeding value (BV) theoretical accuracy, 35% increase in expected genetic gain for forward selection, and doubled selection intensity for backward selection. Overall, all traits showed low to moderate heritability (0.09–0.28), moderate genotype by environment interaction (type‐B genetic correlation: 0.51–0.80), low to high expected genetic gain (6.01%–55%), and no significant negative genetic correlation reflecting no large trade‐offs for multi‐trait selection. Only three traits showed a significant dominance effect. GBLUP resulted in smaller but more accurate heritability estimates for five traits, but larger estimates for the wood traits. Comparison between all, genic‐coding, genic‐non‐coding and intergenic SNPs showed little difference in genetic estimates. In summary, we show that GBLUP overcomes the PX limitations, successfully captures expected historical and hidden relatedness as well as linkage disequilibrium (LD), and results in increased breeding efficiency in WRC.
Development of intelligent and integrated technology for pattern recognition in EMG signals for robotic prosthesis command
Authors: Xu Yongzhao , Barbosa Paulo C. S. , da Cunha Neto Joel S. , Zhang Lijuan , Shanmuganathan Vimal , de Albuquerque Victor Hugo C. , Pasupathi Subbulakshmi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractProstheses play an important role in the rehabilitation of people who have suffered some type of amputation. However, due to its high‐cost and high complexity in performing movements of everyday tasks, users of these prostheses may encounter many difficulties. Therefore, this work proposes the development of a future artificial intelligence technology based on a low‐cost functional prosthesis prototype (manufactured in a 3D printer). In the present work, we describe an intelligent system that uses an artificial neural network to recognize patterns in muscle biopotential signals in order to control a prosthesis prototype in real time. Such a system is divided into three parts: the first that performs a human–machine integration through a graphical user interface; the second that performs the signal acquisition; the third that performs the training and generalization steps of the artificial neural network. The developed interface runs on a web application that has a database hosted in the cloud and in it the system user can: Acquisition of electromyography signals; Training phase of the artificial neural network; Sends the matrix of weights of the trained network to the microcontroller; Activates in the microcontroller, the state of action of the commands from the identified gestures. To compose the results of the present work, a search was initially carried out for the ideal parameters of the artificial neural network through signals obtained from 20 volunteers. In this step, it was possible to identify the topology that best classifies the signals of each gesture, as well as the investigation of the number of neurons in the hidden layer that causes a low generalization power due to overfitting. At the end of the project, it was possible to validate the use of the system with 15 new volunteers, and it was observed that in most cases, the performance of the commands in the prosthesis prototype were performed correctly. In addition, a project cost analysis was carried out, and it was possible to verify that the prototype developed is viable and has an affordable cost in relation to the Brazilian cost of living standards. In this way, the objective of the present work is in the development of a low cost artificial intelligence technology. Such a system is equipped with an algorithm based on neural networks that can deal with different muscle biopotential signals, in order to command a robotic prosthesis.
Climate refugia on the Great Barrier Reef fail when global warming exceeds 3°C
Authors: McWhorter Jennifer K. , Halloran Paul R. , Roff George , Skirving William J. , Mumby Peter J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIncreases in the magnitude, frequency, and duration of warm seawater temperatures are causing mass coral mortality events across the globe. Although, even during the most extensive bleaching events, some reefs escape exposure to severe stress, constituting potential refugia. Here, we identify present‐day climate refugia on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) and project their persistence into the future. To do this, we apply semi‐dynamic downscaling to an ensemble of climate projections released for the IPCC's recent sixth Assessment Report. We find that GBR locations experiencing the least thermal stress over the past 20 years have done so because of their oceanographic circumstance, which implies that longer‐term persistence of climate refugia is feasible. Specifically, tidal and wind mixing of warm water away from the sea surface appears to provide relief from warming. However, on average this relative advantage only persists until global warming exceeds ~3°C.
Marginal land conversion to perennial energy crops with biomass removal enhances soil carbon sequestration
Authors: Xu Yi , Zhou Jie , Feng Wenhao , Jia Rong , Liu Chunyan , Fu Tongchen , Xue Shuai , Yi Zili , Guillaume Thomas , Yang Yadong , Peixoto Leanne , Zeng Zhaohai , Zang Huadong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMarginal land conversion to perennial energy crops can provide biomass feedstocks and climate change mitigation. However, the effect of perennial energy crop cultivation on soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration and its underlying mechanism in marginal land still remains incomplete. Here, SOC turnover, stability, and its potential sequestration were evaluated based on 10 years of land use change from C3 grass‐dominated marginal land to C4 energy crops Miscanthus and switchgrass cultivation. The naturally occurring 13C signature down to 60 cm depth was used to determine the energy crops‐derived C. Compared to reference marginal land, Miscanthus plantation increased the SOC stock at 0–60 cm depth by 17.8% and 64.3% in bulk and root zone, respectively. Similarly, the SOC stock under switchgrass was also 16.5% and 93.0% higher in bulk and root zone than in reference marginal land, respectively. The higher SOC stock in the root zone of switchgrass relative to Miscanthus was supported by the higher contribution of C4‐derived C to SOC (44.5% vs. 32.4%). The mean residence time of old C was higher under switchgrass than Miscanthus in the bulk zone across 0–60 cm (p < 0.05) but remained the same at 0–20 cm in the root zone. Specific SOC mineralization and temperature sensitivity were lower in soils under Miscanthus and switchgrass compared to reference marginal land. The partial least squares path model revealed that perennial energy crop cultivation enhances soil C stock via increased C4‐derived C input and reduced mineralization. In conclusion, marginal land conversion to perennial energy crops is a win–win strategy for C sequestration to mitigate climate change and support the growing bioenergy sector with biomass supply.
Frequency and distribution of HLA‐DQB1 alleles from 2076 cord blood samples of the Vietnamese cohort
Authors: Que Tran Ngoc , Khanh Nguyen Ba , Tung Pham Dinh , Hang Pham Thi Luong , Van Anh Nguyen Thi , Thang Nguyen Dinh 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHuman leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles are very diverse and characterized by ethnicity. To date, information about the frequencies and distributions of HLA alleles among the Vietnamese population is still limited. In this study, HLA‐DQB1 alleles of 2076 cord blood units from individuals belonging to Vietnam's Kinh ethnic people were genotyped using Luminex‐based polymerase chain reaction sequence‐specific oligonucleotide. The results of the study demonstrated that there were 23 alleles on the locus HLA‐DQB1. Among those, there were six alleles with high frequencies of over 5%, including DQB1*03:01 (35.9%), DQB1*05:01 (12.8%), DQB1*03:03 (12.2%); DQB1*06:01 (7.20%), DQB1*05:02 (6.62%) and DQB1*02:01 (5.30%) and five rare alleles with low frequencies of below 0.1%. More importantly, this study for the first time reported the presence of two new rare alleles including DQB1*01:01 and DQB1*01:02. Conclusively, this study provided significant information about HLA‐DQB1 alleles for further investigations and clinical applications.
Acute myeloid leukemia fusion genes can be found in CD33‐negative cells
Authors: Chen Yuan , Liu Qian , Xing Haiyan , Rao Qing , Wang Min , Mi Yingchang , Wei Hui , Wang Jianxiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionTargeted therapies and immunotherapies are emerging strategies for the treatment of leukemia. CD33 is a common and important therapeutic target for cellular immunotherapy or antibody immunotherapy. Drugs on targeting CD33 are also emerging. However, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) relapse still occurs after treatment with targeted CD33, for which the mechanism is unknown.MethodsWe used fluorescence in situ hybridization and real‐time polymerase chain reaction to detect the expression of fusion genes in different populations of cells from AML patients.ResultFusion gene can be express in CD33 negative cell proportions in newly diagnosed and relapsed AML patients.ConclusionThere are fusion genes in CD33‐negative cells that are might not be cleared by CD33 targeting therapy. And this might be the source of relapse.