bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of the results of endoscopic surgery and external ventricular drainage in patients with intraventricular hemorrhage
Authors: Godkov I. M. , Dashyan V. G. , Elfimov A. V. , Khamurzov V. A. , Grin A. A. , Krylov V. V. , Nefedova G. A. , Svishcheva P. O. 
Published: August 2022

Background. The comparison of external ventricular drainage and endoscopic surgery in patients with intraventricular hemorrhages is carried out.The aim of the study is to perform comparative analysis of external ventricular drainage and endoscopic surgery results in patients with intraventricular hemorrhage.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis was performed in 29 patients with intraventricular hemorrhage who underwent surgery at the N. V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow, and the Yaroslavl Regional Clinical Hospital. Endoscopic surgery for intraventricular hemorrhage was performed in 15 cases (treatment group), and in 3 cases endoscopic removal was accompanied by external ventricular drainage. External ventricular drainage without endoscopic surgery was performed in 14 cases (control group), and in 3 of these cases local fibrinolysis was also performed. In the treatment group, mean age was 59.6 ± 16.7 years, level of consciousness per the Glasgow Coma Scale prior to surgery was 9.9 ± 3.3, severity of intraventricular hemorrhage per the Graeb Scale was 7.3 ± 2.5. In the control group, mean age was 52.8 ± 9.6 years, level of consciousness per the Glasgow Coma Scale prior to surgery was 10.7 ± 3.2, severity of intraventricular hemorrhage per the Graeb Scale was 5.0 ± 2.6. Outcomes were assessed on the 30th day after hemorrhage using the modified Rankin Scale.Results. Endoscopic method allows to effectively remove clots from the lateral and III ventricles, decreasing the volume of intraventricular hemorrhage from 7.3 ± 2.5 to 3.9 ± 2.5 points per the Graeb Scale. Comparative analysis showed no difference in hydrocephalus resolution in the treatment and control groups. There were no intracranial infectious complications in the treatment group, but in the control group bacterial meningitis was diagnosed in 2 (14.3 %) of the 14 patients. Favorable outcome (score 0–2 per the modified Rankin Scale) was observed in 40.0 % of patients in the treatment group and 28.6 % in the control group. Mortality was 13.3 % in the treatment group and 57.1 % in the control group (χ2 = 8.6, p <0.01).Conclusion. Endoscopic surgery is an effective and safe method for intraventricular hemorrhage management and third ventriculostomy for occlusive hydrocephalus resolution, allowing to achieve better functional results and decrease mortality in patients with nontraumatic intraventricular hemorrhage.
Experience of using intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging in the surgical treatment of brain gliomas
Authors: Grigorev I. V. , Akopyan G. B. , Melchenko S. A. , Senko I. V. , Gubskiy I. L. , Kalandari A. A. , Kordonskaya O. O. , Sermagambetova Zh. N. , Krylov V. V. 
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Volume of glioma resection positively correlated with treatment results. Advance in extent of resection due to various additive methods leads to prolonged overall survival and delays progression. Our aim was to evaluate the value of intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging.Objective – to present the first experience of using intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging and evaluate the effectiveness and safeness of this technique in surgery of glial brain tumors.Material and methods. Prospective analysis of surgical interventions performed using the intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging and the results of neuroimaging in 9 patients with different grade brain gliomas treated in Federal Brain and Neurotechnology Center was carried out.Results. In all patients we detect variable residual tumor volume after first resection. Additional resection was performed in all cases after the intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging. Mean scan time were 45 minutes overall time for scan were decreasing as we gain experience in using intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging.Conclusion. Intraoperative high-field intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging can be successfully used in the surgery of brain gliomas. The technique allows increasing the radicality of tumor removal without increasing the risk of complications.
A rare case of the supratentorial extraventricular anaplastic ependymoma. Case report and literature review
Authors: Gavrilov A. G. , Chelushkin D. M. , Latyshev Ya. A. , Ryzhova M. V. , Panina T. N. 
Published: August 2022

Ependymoma is a brain tumor accounting for 1.9 % of all benign brain tumors and 3.1 % of glial tumors and 2–9 % of all neuroepithelial tumors. Approximately one third of intracranial ependymal tumors are supratentorial. They may be attached to the ependymal walls of the III ventricle and lateral ventricles or may be sited in the white matter without direct connection to the ventricular system pressing the adjacent cortex. In very rare cases ependymomas may lie cortically with blood supply from the dura – so-called «cortical» ependymomas.Posterior fossa ependymomas are more common in pediatric population with mean age of 6 years, whereas supratentorial ependymomas manifest in adults. In adults Grade III anaplastic ependymomas are most commonly seen.These tumors have no specific features and clinical manifestations of extraventricular anaplastic ependymomas may vary greatly depending on localization and size of the tumor.Supratentorial anaplastic ependymomas have no specific neuroimaging features either. Tumors are often hypo- and isointense in T1 and iso- or hyperintense in T2 sequence, Gd -inhancement is variable.Ependymomas are considered to be non-invasive and to have a strict border with brain tissue thus leading to clinical manifestations because of mass-effect.Surgical resection is the main treatment option for ependymoma. Patients with local Grade II tumor recurrence and patients with Grade III ependymomas should under go radiotherapy on the tumor r esection cavity.We present a rare case of a supratentorial extraventricular anaplastic ependymoma. A 21‑year-old female presented to the clinic with paresthesia and numbness in right hand, right half of lower lip and astereognosis. The magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a mass lesion in left fronto-parietal region. At 10.10.2017 surgery was performed and tumor was resected. Histological findings matched with features of anaplastic ependimoma, WHO Grade III. There was no tumor progression during 3 months after surgery.
VALORAÇÃO DIFERENCIAL DA VIDA:
Authors: Saraiva Silva Isabel 
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo objetivou a análise das contribuições de Foucault para os estudos das relações de gênero a partir da obra "História da Sexualidade I", com olhar especial para as relações protagonizadas por empregadas domésticas defloradas. Para tal, foram utilizadas fontes encontradas no Arquivo do Judiciário Amazonense datadas do período contido entre os anos 1932 a 1962. No primeiro momento, apresentou-se uma resenha dos capítulos do livro de Foucault ora em tela, rastreando conceitos que auxiliam sobremaneira a compreensão do papel feminino nas sociedades ocidentais. No segundo momento, discutiu-se os conceitos foucaultianos à luz das histórias de mulheres pobres trabalhadoras que viveram em Manaus no período supracitado, relacionando os conceitos foucaultianos àqueles trabalhados por outros autores com ideias consonantes.

Palavras-chave: Gênero; Manaus; Arquivo do Judiciário; Biopoder.
Comparative evaluation of fentanyl and magnesium sulphate as an adjuvant to 0.375% bupivacaine in ultrasound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block
Authors: Gupta Manu 
Published: August 2022

Supraclavicular block helps in achieving good anaesthesia along with complete muscle relaxation while providing hemodynamic stability and excellent post-operative analgesia. The addition of opioids to local anaesthetics injected during brachial plexus block has been shown to decrease the post-operative systemic analgesic requirements. This study was designed to compare the effectiveness of addition of MgSO (150 mg) and Fentanyl (50 micrograms) to 0.375% bupivacaine with placebo in supraclavicular brachial plexus block.A prospective double-blind randomised controlled study was conducted comprising of 75 patients undergoing upper limb surgeries under ultrasound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Patients were randomized into one of the three groups (n=25) and designated as Group P (20ml of 0.375% Bupivacaine only), Group M (150 mg Magnesium sulphate with Bupivacaine) and Group F (50 micrograms Fentanyl with Bupivacaine). The primary purpose of the studywasto compare the onset and quality of sensory as well as motor blockade in all three groups. The onset time (in minutes) of sensory as well as motor blockade was significantly shorter in group P (p&#60;0.001). Mean duration of sensory blockade (7.65±1.05 hours) and motor blockade (8.17±1.17 hours) was longest in group F when compared to group M and group P (p&#60;0.001). Percentage of patients requiring rescue analgesia were significantly less in group F (16%) than group M (32%) and group P (80%) respectively (p&#60;0.001). The mean time prior to administration of rescue analgesia in groups F, M and P were 14.21±4.29, 9.86±1.49 and 8.50 ±2.37 hours respectively (p&#60;0.001).Although the additives delay the onset of action of local anaesthetic agents in brachial plexus block, Fentanyl as an adjuvant provided superior analgesia when compared to Magnesium sulphate as well as placebo with respect to duration of motor and sensory blockade. In addition, patients who received fentanyl as an adjuvant, required lesser rescue analgesia in the post-operative period.
A comparative study of awakening characteristics after propofol based total intravenous anaesthesia and sevoflurane based volatile induction and maintenance anaesthesia in short surgical procedure
Authors: Patel Leena P , Rathva Chirag S , Solanki Vishal R , Patel Rinkal D , Thakkar Jayshree 
Published: August 2022

To maintain hemodynamic parameters and rapid emergence is a challenge for anaesthesiologist in emerging era of early recovery. The aim of this study was to assess recovery characteristics of propofol and sevoflurane for induction as well as maintenance of anaesthesia in short surgical procedures. Sixty patients were assigned randomly into two groups. Group P patients were induced with 2mg/kg propofol intravenously followed by infusion of 12mg/kg/hr for 10mins, 10mg/kg/hr for 20 mins and 8mg/kg/hr till end of procedure. Group S patients were induced with 8% sevoflurane in 4L/min nitrous oxide and 2L/min oxygen mixture and maintained with 3.5% sevoflurane with spontaneous breathing. LMA was inserted in all patients. LMA insertion time and insertion attempt were observed. Time from end of procedure to first spontaneous movement, spontaneous eye opening, removal of LMA, followed verbal commands and became fully oriented to time and place, time to achieve Aldrete score ≥9 (phase I recovery) and time to achieve PADSS score ≥9(phase II recovery) were noted. Phase 1 recovery time was less in sevoflurane group as compared to propofol group. Phase 2 recovery time was less in propofol group as compared to sevoflurane group. They were statistically significant. Incidence of both nausea and vomiting was significantly higher in the sevoflurane group. We concluded that sevoflurane provides rapid induction with LMA insertion condition comparable with propofol. Sevoflurane provides early phase I recovery where as home readiness is early with propofol. Sevoflurane can be a suitable alternative to propofol for induction and maintenance.
Prevalence of carotid artery stenosis and perioperative stroke in neurologically asymptomatic patients undergoing off pump coronary artery bypass grafting in a tertiary care hospital: An observational study
Authors: Mukherjee Somalia , Sengupta Saikat , Khan Dibyendu , Pati Gautam 
Published: August 2022

The study aimed to determine the prevalence of carotid artery stenosis, it’s severity and relation with peri-operative stroke in neurologically asymptomatic patients undergoing CABG for coronary artery disease (CAD) in a tertiary care hospital. It also evaluates the relationship of hemodynamic alterations with the prevalence of stroke. It is a cross sectional study with prospective observations. 97 neurologically asymptomatic patients with CAD in NYHA classification I, II and III scheduled for Off Pump CABG in our cardiac surgery operation theatre. Colour doppler ultrasound was performed in all patients prior to induction to determine the presence of carotid artery stenosis. Based on parameters measured in ultrasound, CAS was classified as per the Society of Radiologists criteria. Prevalence of carotid artery stenosis was assessed. The prevalence of carotid artery stenosis in our study population was 40.2%. The risk factors associated with CAS in our study were BMI &#62;25kg/m2, smoking, left main coronary artery involvement, left ventricular systolic dysfunction (EF&#60;50%). However, risk of CAS was also increased in hypertensive patients and those of age more than 55 years. This study suggested relatively wide prevalence (40.2%) of carotid artery disease in neurologically asymptomatic patients undergoing CABG for coronary artery disease in the elective setting. It demonstrated the importance of subjecting these patients to evaluation by doppler ultrasound of the carotid vessels in the operating room immediately before induction of anaesthesia and the subsequent planning of anaesthetic management as well as surgical approach.
Post-operative morbidity and mortality in patients with RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 undergoing surgery – A single centre retrospective case control study
Authors: Paranjape Saloni , Dahiya Sandeep , Valecha Umesh Kumar 
Published: August 2022

The coronavirus pandemic continues to spike in various parts of the world. Anaesthesiologists face coronavirus positive patients for emergency and urgent procedures. Initial case series showed a high postoperative mortality for COVID-19 positive patients undergoing surgery. We aimed to find the postoperative morbidity and mortality in RTPCR positive patients undergoing urgent and emergency surgery.We retrospectively analysed all COVID-19 RTPCR positive patients undergoing surgery between May 2020 and December 2020. Selected controls were matched for age sex and type of surgery.We identified 27 patients who were COVID-19 positive prior to surgery. The average age was 43 years. 37% (10/27) of patients were males. All surgeries were either emergencies or urgent procedures. 40% of the surgeries were exploratory laparotomies, 37% were caesareans, 11% were abscess drainages, 7.4% were trauma surgeries and 3.7% were bladder clot evacuations. 48% patients received spinal anaesthesia, 51.9% patients received general anaesthesia. This was matched in the control group as well. 30 day mortality was 7.4% in COVID-19 patients compared to 3.7% in controls. The length of ICU stay and hospital stay was significantly longer in COVID-19 patients compared to controls. The median age of survivors was 34 years compared to 86 years in non-survivors (p=0.023).30-day mortality was not significantly higher in COVID-19 positive patients undergoing surgery though they did have significantly longer ICU stay and duration of hospitalisation.
Comparative study between ketamine versus betamethasone gargles in attenuating post-operative sore throat after endotracheal intubation
Authors: Wetal Veena , Jamkar Maya 
Published: August 2022

: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a commonly encountered side effect which causes patient discomfort after airway instrumentation during general anesthesia (GA). This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of preop­erative gargling with Ketamine, a NMDA receptor an­tagonist and Betamethasone gargles, a steroidal anti inflammatory drug in reducing POST in patients being intubated for surgery under GA.This was a randomized, single blinded, prospective study conducted after obtaining the Institutional Ethics Committee approval. 90 patients undergoing surgery under GA with endotracheal intubation were enrolled in the study after obtaining written informed consent from all. They were further divided into 3 groups; group B, group K and group C who received Betamethasone gargles, Ketamine gargles and Dextrose Saline gargles respectively, 5 minutes before GA.Results obtained were compared statistically by using Kruskal-Wallis test, which showed significant difference between median POST grading. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for the statistical intergroup analysis. There was no statistical difference among groups as far as age, height, weight by using ANOVA test; p value &#62; 0.05. Age of patients varied between 16-60 years in three groups. The severity of sore throat were noticeably reduced after Ketamine, Betamethasone gargles in group K and group B (p &#60; 0.05) as compared to group C when statistically analysed by Mann-Whitney U test. But Betamethasone gargles in group B patients more efficiently reduced the incidence, severity of sore throat compared to Ketamine gargles (p&#60;0.05) during postoperative period.The incidence & severity of POST decreased with use of pre-operative Ketamine gargles or Betamethasone gargles during post-operative period in patients with tracheal intubation. The Betamethasone gargles were more effective than Ketamine gargles in reducing the incidence, severity of POST.
Legal and Economic Perspective of the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 in India: An Overview
Authors: Didwal Dr. Aditi , Negi Dr. Rachita 
Published: August 2022

The industrial revolution in the international trade and commerce has brought a boom in the corporate sector, which results in a diversity of consumer goods to achieve the needs of the consumers and a mass of services have been made accessible to the consumers. But this industrial revolution had some disadvantages to the customer as it affected the business sovereignty. After independence, many laws were enacted in India for safeguarding innocent customers from unfair and restrictive trade practices sort of a false and dishonourable description regarding the character and quality of the goods. The year of 1986 witnessed, in the history of consumerism, the enactment of the Consumer Protection Act. The first ever legislation in India of its kind which solely aimed at the suffering taken consumers who are the victims of the unfair trade practices and sub-standard services rendered to them. The Objective of the Consumer Protection Act is to provide simple and speedy disposal to the cases by providing quasi-judicial machinery for the redressal of consumer disputes. After the restructuring of new Act, more consumer rights have been provided under clause (9) of section 2 of the consumer Protection Act, 2019. With the advancement of technology, it is obvious that electronic media has an important place in business world. The provision of e- commerce has also been inserted in the Act after reframing the Consumer protection act. The new Act provides for separate provisions for each thing and is well framed Act that makes it more proper. The new chapters that have been added to this act, work as a proper criterion for deciding the offences and penalties. The increase in the fiscal value along with the time needed a rise in the value of fine too. The new Act proposes effective measures and tightens the existing rules to further safeguard consumer rights. Introduction of a central regulator, strict penalties for misleading advertisements and guidelines for e-commerce and electronic service providers are some of the key highlights.
Perspectives of Double Feeding of the Melt Method on the Example of the Analysis of the InAs(1-x)–GaAs(x) Solid Solution Crystals Growth
Authors: Zahrabayova Zaura , Kazimova Vusala , Islamzade Elnara , Alekperov Akper 
Published: August 2022

Using the example of InAs-GaAs system, the potential of double feeding of the melt method for growing single crystals of semiconductor solid solutions is shown. The concentration profiles of InAs-GaAs solid solutions crystals for certain modes of the considered method are calculated in Pfann approximation. In addition, under the same conditions, InAs-GaAs crystals were grown and their concentration profiles were determined. The results obtained give good agreement between the experimental and calculated data. It is shown that mathematical modeling of InAs-GaAs crystals growth by setting the crystallization and melt-feeding rates with constituent components makes it possible to obtain the required distribution of the main components in the direction of crystal growth, including uniform distribution, in the entire series of continuous InAs-GaAs solid solutions. The double feeding of the melt method is shown to be promising for obtaining single crystals of semiconductor solid solutions with a given concentration profile.
Fine Arts Students’ Needs Analysis in the Learning of English as a Foreign Language: a Case Study
Authors: Disashi Richard Ntumba 
Published: August 2022

It has been shown that needs analysis is important while dealing with ESP in the teaching / learning process. This study wanted to find out and analyze the real needs of students for the sake of improving ELT at the Académie des Beaux-Arts / Kinshasa. Thanks to the qualitative research, this study has been concentrated on the analysis of learners’ needs in the learning of English as foreign language. One hundred students of G1, G2 and G3 of plastic arts and the two instructors of the English language at the Académie des Beaux-Arts have been questionned through interviews, and also documentary sources helped to collect data. It is necessary to tackle the learners’ needs analysis in order to establish and integrate learners’ expectations on the proposal of a new content of English related to their field. The findings have shown that the majority of learners wished that visual and handling materials focused on their daily expectations such as drawings, pictures, sketches, artistic tools, conversations related to arts domain, might be incorporated in the content of their course.
A Causal Analysis on Foreign Trade and Economic Growth: The Case of Somalia
Authors: Hassan Sadak Mohamud 
Published: August 2022

The relationship between foreign trade and economic growth is one of the most important research areas in the literature. Because the direction and importance of this relationship can vary from country to country and from time to time. In this study, the causal relationship between Somalia's gross domestic product (GDP), exports and imports for the period 2008-2021 was investigated. Data were obtained from the World Bank database and the website of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. For this purpose, whether the series used in the study are stationary or not was investigated by the ADF test and it was determined that all series were integrated at the first level. Johansen Co-integration Analysis was carried out to test the existence of a long-term relationship between the series due to the same level of integration of the series. Here, according to the results of both the trace statistics and the maximum eigenvalue statistics, it is concluded that there is no cointegration vector and it is decided that there is no cointegration relationship between the series. This means that the economy is still not largely dependent on the country's domestic production, but depends on other factors such as remittances by Somalis living abroad and financial support from the international community, including budget subsidies, development projects and money spent on refugee problems.
Keywords: Imports, Exports, Economic Growth, Causality, Var model.