bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reading science: A mixed‐methods study of alternative grading with a molecular biology journal club
Authors: Russell Ashley , Cruz Laura 
Published: February 2025

AbstractResearchers and practitioners have identified the ability to read scientific literature effectively as a core competency in undergraduate STEM education, but comparatively little research has been conducted on how students engage, both cognitively and affectively, with advanced scientific research. This mixed‐methods study assesses the process through which students engaged with a series of scaffolded, alternatively graded assignments focused on reading Molecular Biology research articles (the “journal club”). The results of the study suggest that alternative grading can be implemented strategically to address affective barriers in how and why students read science, with potential implications for addressing gender inequities.
Serum Angiopoietin‐Like Protein 4 as a Biomarker for Acute Ischemic Stroke Severity and Dynamic Changes
Authors: Guo Fang , Zheng Chong , Yang Tao , Hu Fang‐Wei , Chen Yan‐Gui , Liou Chia‐Wei , Cai Bin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAngiopoietin‐like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) is critical for vascular integrity and reducing inflammation in ischemic and hypoxic brain injuries. However, limited studies have evaluated ANGPTL4's role in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) assessment, and its expression patterns across AIS phases remain unclear.MethodsThe severity of AIS at admission was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). The association between serum ANGPTL4 level and the occurrence of AIS was examined using logistic regression analysis. The diagnostic accuracy of serum ANGPTL4 level for AIS severity was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves.ResultsThis study included 389 AIS patients and 133 healthy individuals. There was a notable increase in the occurrence of AIS associated with rising serum ANGPTL4 levels (odds ratio [OR] 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–1.06; p < 0.001). A higher serum level of ANGPTL4 was also found to be associated with severe AIS, as indicated by an AUC of 0.848. Additionally, we observed significant dynamic changes in ANGPTL4 levels, with a marked decrease at 1 week or 2 weeks after admission compared with the acute phase (the day after admission; both p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur findings suggest a robust association between elevated serum ANGPTL4 levels and the presence and severity of AIS. Importantly, this study is distinguished by its novel focus on the temporal dynamics of ANGPTL4 levels, which underscores its potential as a biomarker for AIS monitoring and provides new insights into AIS pathophysiology.
Simplified Visual Stimuli Impair Retrieval and Transfer in Audiovisual Equivalence Learning Tasks
Authors: Tót Kálmán , Eördegh Gabriella , Harcsa‐Pintér Noémi , Bodosi Balázs , Kéri Szabolcs , Kiss Ádám , Kelemen András , Braunitzer Gábor , Nagy Attila 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe visually guided Rutgers Acquired Equivalence Test (RAET) and the various visual and audiovisual versions of the test with the same structure involve rule acquisition, retrieval, and generalization and is based on learning stimulus pairs (antecedents and consequents). In an earlier study we have found no difference in the acquisition learning and only slight enhancement in retrieval and generalization in the audiovisual learning compared to the visual one if complex readily verbalizable visual stimuli (cartoon faces and color fish) were used. In this study, we sought to examine whether similar phenomena can be observed with feature‐restricted, less verbalizable visual stimuli (geometric shapes).MethodsA total of 119 healthy adult volunteers completed two computer‐based test paradigms: Polygon (PO) and SoundPolygon (SP). PO is a visual test where the antecedents are shaded circles, and the consequents are geometric shapes. SP is an audiovisual test where the antecedents are sounds and the consequents are the same geometric shapes as in PO.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the performances and the reaction times in the acquisition phase between the PO (visual) and SP (audiovisual) tests. However, the performances in retrieval and generalization were significantly poorer in the audiovisual test and the reaction times were also longer.ConclusionThe acquisition phase seems to be independent from the stimulus modality if the simple geometric shapes were visual stimuli. However, feature‐restricted, less verbalizable visual stimuli make more difficult to retrieve and generalize the already acquired audiovisual information.
Causality between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Telomere Length
Authors: Jin Tianyu , Yang Ruiyao , Cheng Yifan , Cao Zheng , He Zitian , Guo Shunyuan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe association between telomere length (TL) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has received much attention. However, previous observational studies have yielded inconclusive evidence regarding this relationship. Our study aims to elucidate the causal relationship between TL and ASD using bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR).MethodsWe employed the largest genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics for TL (sample size = 472,174) and ASD (sample size = 46,351). The primary MR analysis method was the inverse‐variance weighted (IVW) method, complemented by the MR‐Egger method, weighted median (WM) method, and MR‐PRESSO. Additionally, sensitivity analyses including Cochran's Q test, the intercept of MR‐Egger regression, the global test of MR‐PRESSO, and the leave‐one‐out analysis were conducted in our study.ResultsThe primary MR analysis indicated a significant association between ASD and shorter TL (IVW: OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96–0.99, p = 0.03). However, no significant association was found in the reverse direction MR analysis (IVW: OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.94–1.23, p = 0.35). Raw and outlier‐corrected MR estimates from MR‐PRESSO were consistent with the IVW results. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings.ConclusionsOur study indicated that individuals with ASD have shorter TL, however, shorter TL does not appear to increase the risk of ASD.
Baicalein inhibited amino‐modified polystyrene nanoplastics induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells pyroptosis by reducing the expression of NLRP3/Caspase‐1/GSDMD pathway
Authors: Chen Junliang , Ren Ziqi , Sun Xiaodan , Wang Le , Liu Dan , Chen Yiqing , Cao Xiangyu 
Published: February 2025

Amino‐modified polystyrene nanoplastics (NH2‐NPs), generated through UV aging and photocatalytic processes, can lead to vascular damage. Baicalein is a flavonoid compound with anti‐inflammatory properties that exerts a protective effect on blood vessels. However, whether baicalein can inhibit vascular damage induced by NH2‐NPs remains to be investigated. In this study, cell viability assay, fluorescence staining observation, and western blot techniques were used to evaluate the mechanisms after NH2‐NPs and baicalein exposure. The results showed that baicalein at concentrations of 12.5, 25, and 50 μM effectively inhibited the toxicity induced by NH2‐NPs. Besides, baicalein reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels to 226.63 ± 25.65%, 168.13 ± 14.45%, and 124.70 ± 18.04% at 12.5, 25, and 50 μM, respectively. The results of Hoechst/propidium iodide (PI) staining showed that 50 μM baicalein reduced the PI‐positive rate to 12.42 ± 1.16%. Additionally, co‐incubation with baicalein significantly reduced the expression of proteins in pyroptosis pathway, including NLRP3, Cleaved Caspase‐1, ASC, and GSDMD, effectively inhibiting the activation of pyroptosis induced by NH2‐NPs in HUVECs. This study elucidated the mechanism by which baicalein inhibited NH2‐NPs‐induced pyroptosis in HUVECs, providing a reference for the prevention of vascular injury and utilization of natural product resources.
Interactive 3D Objects Enhance Scientific Communication of Structural Data
Authors: Mokos Daniel , Daniel Bastian 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn scientific communication about three‐dimensional structures, creating two‐dimensional representations is standard practice. These representations often suffer from the drawback of losing potential information due to dimensionality reduction. Several options exist to present, share and publish 3D figures, however based on recent publications they are not widely utilized. Here we present simple ways to preserve the three‐dimensionality of the structure by the creation of a custom‐made model in GLTF format that is generated in the same workflow as the conventional figures. They can be published alongside a given manuscript with minimal additional effort to the authors, but a huge impact on the communicative power of the manuscript concerning the three‐dimensional features of the reported structures. The scripts we adapted and published for this purpose open up new possibilities for the illustrator and allow the viewer to access the full three‐dimensionality of the published structure. In future, this can simplify the publication process of protein structures or other models and be a valuable tool for scientific communication in digital or printed form.
Isolated Growth Hormone Deficiency IA due to a Novel Homozygous Large Deletion ∼1.6 kb Spanning Exons 1–4 of GH1 Gene: A Case Report
Authors: Noorian Shahab , Soltani Hedieh , Aghamahdi Fatemeh , Savad Shahram , Alan Mahnaz Seifi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIsolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) IA is inherited autosomal recessively and occurs due to GH1 gene deletions. This study emphasizes the importance of clinical diagnosis and molecular examination for detecting novel mutations to prevent misdiagnosis and to consider timely and appropriate management of the current and long‐term consequences of the defect, such as additional deficiencies. We report a male infant who initially presented with a growth delay (‐4SD) at 4 months old, and at 16 months old, was referred to our endocrinology department. Physical examination revealed developmental delay, macrocephaly, head lag, loose body, large head circumference, low and flat nasal bridge, forehead protuberance, three‐pronged fingers, shortness of the hands and feet joints, small palms and plantar, small penises, delayed tooth eruption, and disability to walk. His hormonal tests showed normal free T4 (14.08 pmol/L), upper limit TSH level (5.41 μIU/mL), normal random cortisol 8 AM (250.53 μg/mL), mild high ACTH level (79.6 pg/mL), low IGF1 (13.0) and fasting GH (0.03 ng/mL). GH (ng/mL) maximal response to the arginine test was < 0.05. Whole Exome Sequencing, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and Quantitative Real‐Time PCR were performed on a peripheral blood sample obtained from the patient. The infant was found to have a homozygous large deletion of approximately 1.6 kb spanning the GH1 gene, which contained exons 1–4 with an autosomal recessive inheritance and a heterozygous deletion of exons 1–4 of GH1 in the parents and homozygous wild‐type in the sibling. Novel mutations in the GH‐1 gene cluster are considered an important cause of idiopathic congenital IGHD. As a result, the role of gene sequencing, besides considering clinical features, should not be neglected.
Transnationalism and the International Counseling Student: An Interpretative Phenomenological Approach
Authors: Behl Malvika , Harrichand John J. S. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTInternational counseling students (ICSs) face unique challenges with transnationalism in counselor education programs. This study, including 14 participants, employed interpretative phenomenology to examine the impact on their sociopolitical adjustment in the United States. It revealed significant concerns, including racism, discrimination, microaggression, navigating immigration laws, and the need for advocacy.
Multi‐modal Homogeneous Chemical Reaction Performance Prediction with Graph and Chemical Language Information
Authors: Wang Shen , Zhao Weiren , Liu Yining , Li Yang 
Published: February 2025

Comprehensive SummaryAccurate prediction for chemical reaction performance offers optimal direction for synthetic development. To this end, we present a novel multi‐modal model called MMHRP‐GCL to achieve the prediction of homogeneous chemical reaction yield, enantioselectivity, and activation energy by fusing the information from the text and graph modalities, requiring only 8 simple descriptors and Reaction SMILES obtained without high‐cost DFT computation, and capable of managing reactions involving a fluctuating number of molecules. Experimental results on 4 datasets show that MMHRP‐GCL outperforms at least 7 generalized SOTA methods. Ablation study confirms the critical roles of the complementation of graph and text modalities, as well as the significance of modality alignment and atomic features in prediction. Albeit there is still room for improvement in the interpretation of atomic relationships, the model has a remarkable ability to identify important atoms. A statistically interpretable study of the feature importance and a test on challenging dataset further demonstrates the utility and potential of the model. As a high‐accuracy, low‐cost, interpretable, and general multi‐modal model, MMHRP‐GCL provides valuable guidance on the design of forward predictors for homogeneous catalytic reactions.
Investigate of LOC101928988 Regulatory Effect on the DAPK2 Transcription in Breast Tumors
Authors: Saberiyan Mohammadreza , Ghasemi Nazila , Jafari Negar , Sadeghi Mahboubeh , Ghaderi Abbas , Mousavi Pegah 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe World Health Organization has mentioned breast cancer holds the highest incidence rate among all types of cancer globally. Death‐associated protein kinase 2 (DAPK2) is a serine/threonine kinase linked to various forms of malignancy, such as breast cancer. This protein assumes a pivotal function in a multitude of cellular mechanisms, including apoptosis, autophagy, and cell migration.AimsThis study aimed to study the LOC101928988 regulatory effect on the DAPK2 expression in breast cancer.MethodsIn this study, 38 paired tumoral and normal tissues were selected from patients. Quantitative real‐time PCR was used to analyze the expression of DAPK2 and LOC101928988. The interactions of DAPK2 and its intermediate elements with LOC101928988 were predicted by docking analysis.ResultsThe expression of DAPK2 and LOC101928988 was downregulated in tumor tissues compared to the control group. Further analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between DAPK2 and LOC101928988 levels in tumoral and adjacent normal tissues. A comparison of gene expression between different grades, stages, and HER2 statuses showed significant findings. ROC curve analysis of DAPK2 and LOC101928988 expression revealed 77% and 72% AUC for BC tissue, respectively.ConclusionsOverall, our results suggest that alterations in the levels of DAPK2 and LOC101928988 may be involved in tumor initiation and progression in breast cancer. It has also been reported that LOC101928988 probably has a role in regulating DAPK2 expression through interaction with transcription factors.
Active cell proliferation contributes to the enlargement of the nascent nucleus pulposus
Authors: Long Rose G. , Lee Changhee , Tabin Clifford J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe notochord is an embryonic organ involved in forming and patterning the spinal column. The mechanism by which the notochord transforms from a continuous rod to a segmented structure excluded from the vertebrae and residing solely as the nucleus pulposus within the intervertebral disc is understudied. The current model of notochordal segmentation suggests that swelling through formation and maturation of the vertebrate cartilage squeezes the notochord cells from the vertebra.ResultsAnalysis of Collagen 10, a marker for hypertrophic differentiation, as well as evaluation of changes in cell density, reveal that the expansion of the vertebral precursor cells occurs after notochord segmentation has already taken place. We find that the bulk of the nucleus pulposus is derived from accelerated proliferation within the nucleus pulposus itself. In a model of cell proliferation, the increased proliferation at the nucleus pulposus importantly contributes to expand the nucleus pulposus area.ConclusionsOur data is consistent with the hypothesis that notochord cell proliferation contributes to the enlargement of the nucleus pulposus before the vertebra undergo hypertrophy.
Development of the Electrode for the Particle Sampling Using Negative Dielectrophoresis by Additive Synthesis Sine Wave
Authors: Yamaoka Hidehiko , Nagata Kohki , Funahashi Masaya , Yagi Ippei , Uchida Satoshi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCurrently, no technology has been established to measure the amount of ocean microplastics (MP) less than 5 mm. As a basic study of the quantitative evaluation, the authors proposed measurement method using the attenuation of transmitted light for the amount of microplastic that concentrated by dielectrophoresis. In this study, we report effective collection method of microplastics by combining an electrode structure that generate negative dielectrophoresis and a driving method using additive Synthesis sine wave.
ETS‐NOCV Analysis of σ‐Donation and π‐Backdonation in Complexes of Boron Based Lewis Acids with N2, CO and NH3
Authors: Brinck Tore , Sagan Filip , Mitoraj Mariusz 
Published: February 2025

Lewis acids B(SiR3)3 and B(GeR3)3 form anomalously strong complexes with Lewis bases N2 and CO. Intramolecular B‐N/C bonds are generally in the range 1.45‐1.50 Å and shorter than the sum of B and N/C covalent radii. Bonding analyses have showed that the strong bonds are a consequence of a novel σ‐donation and π‐backdonation mechanism, where electrons are donated into an empty sp3‐type orbital on B (LUMO) from the s‐orbitals of N2/CO and electrons are backdonated from the B‐Si/Ge s‐bonds into the p‐type orbitals of N2/CO. Here we have analyzed the complexes between Lewis acids B(SiH3)3 and B(CF3)3 and Lewis bases N2, CO and NH3 using the extended transition state— natural orbitals for chemical valence (ETS‐NOCV) method. Both σ‐donation and π‐backdonation are present in all complexes, and deformation densities due to the two mechanisms, i.e. NOCV pair densities, are surprisingly similar in character. Energy stabilization due to π‐backdonation is much larger for the complexes of B(SiH3)3 with N2 and CO, and σ‐donation stabilization is also enhanced compared to the corresponding complexes of B(CF3)3. Differential electrostatic potential indicate that the enhanced stabilization of the B(SiH3)3 complexes is largely an effect of reduced charge separation due to the balance between σ‐donation and π‐backdonation.
GATAD2B‐related developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE): Extending the epilepsy phenotype and a literature appraisal
Authors: Scorrano Giovanna , Barcia Giulia , Champ Jérôme , Courtin Thomas , Boddaert Nathalie , Kaminska Anna , Chemaly Nicole , Nabbout Rima 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHeterozygous pathogenic variants in GATAD2B gene have been related to the GATAD2B‐associated neurodevelopmental disorders (GAND) characterized by neurodevelopmental delay with predominant language impairment, infantile hypotonia, macrocephaly, ophthalmological abnormalities, and dysmorphic facial features with nonspecific findings on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Occasionally, affected individuals exhibit drug responsive epilepsy, psychiatric disorders, and other extra‐neurological comorbidities. We report a patient carrying a de novo heterozygous missense variant in GATAD2B gene. She presents a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) with drug‐resistant atypical absences. An extensive review of the literature did not show any similar phenotype. Our report broadens the electroclinical spectrum related to GATAD2B pathogenic variants and supports the inclusion of this monogenic etiology among the genetic causes of epilepsy with drug‐resistant atypical absences, a group with few known genetic etiologies.Plain Language SummaryWe describe a patient with drug‐resistant atypical absences caused by a pathogenic variant in the GATAD2B gene. Mutations in the GATAD2B gene should be considered among the rare monogenic causes of atypical absences.
Landscape Archaeology of the Chuchuwayha Sacred Site (British Colombia, Canada)
Authors: Delannoy Jean‐Jacques , Quiles Anita , Jacquet Julien , Allison Mike , Braucher Régis , Léanni Laetitia , Malet Emmanuel , Ash Jeremy , Berthet Johan , Clyburn Angela , Delannoy Yago , Geneste Jean‐Michel , Gould Brenda , Harris Megan , Rowley Susan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTNew research is being conducted at the Chuchuwayha sacred site (British Columbia, Canada) at the request of the Upper Similkameen Indian Band, who want to pass on the site's history to future generations. The project's aims were to determine when this site in the glacial Similkameen Valley became accessible to human communities, to reconstruct the formation of the surrounding landscape, and to describe the rock shelter's evolution during the period of human frequentation (rock art). To this end, we combined geomorphological, archaeometric, and geochemical (cosmogenic dating) data to construct a robust chronological framework for the site's evolution and human occupations. Results showed that the Similkameen Valley became ice‐free 18,000 years ago, that the site's morphology was shaped by postglacial processes, and that its general topography had formed around 7000 years ago. The site's morphology—a rock shelter behind a mound of rockfall boulders—created a trap for eolian and autochthonous sediments, which have preserved a record of human occupations. Our multidisciplinary approach also enabled us to determine age ranges for the shelter's paintings, to draw up a new time frame for human occupations of the site, which lies on a traditional Syilx trail, and to relate these occupations to changes in the surrounding landscape.
Geospatial Assessment and Mapping Landslide Susceptibility for the Garo Hills Division, Meghalaya, India
Authors: Badavath Naveen , Sahoo Smrutirekha 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCreating accurate and effective Landslide Susceptibility (LS) maps can aid disaster prevention and mitigation efforts and provide sufficient public safety. The primary aim of this study is to develop an LS map for the Garo Hills region in Meghalaya, India, using the weight of evidence (WoE), frequency ratio (FR), and Shannon entropy (SE) methods. A comprehensive landslide inventory catalogued 98 events from 2000 to 2023 for the analysis, and nine key geographical and environmental parameters were prepared. Conducted multicollinearity and correlation analysis to identify and mitigate collinearity issues between factors. The model's performance was analysed through the area under the curve (AUC) value of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and three recent landslides. The results showed that FR method achieved the highest accuracy, with successive rate curve (SRC) AUC and predictive rate curve (PRC) AUC values of 0.860 and 0.940, respectively, and classified susceptibility at three sites as high, moderate, and low. The WoE method effectively identified three landslides site in high and very high susceptibility zones, achieving SRC AUC and PRC AUC values of 0.844 and 0.915, respectively. The SE method showed robust performance in predicting landslide‐prone areas, with PRC AUC comparable to other methods (0.913), though its SRC AUC (0.771) was lower. Developed maps revealed that high and very high susceptibility zones account for approximately 10% and 3% of the study area, predominantly near roads, steep slopes, and higher elevations. The information in this study is valuable for civilians and the government authorities involved in hazard monitoring and management.