bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Static Shape and Stress Control of Trusses with Optimum Time, Actuators and Actuation
Authors: Saeed Najmadeen M. , Manguri Ahmed A. , Szczepanski Marcin , Jankowski Robert , Haydar Barham. A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTraditional shape and stress control of structures use many actuators and require enormous time to find reasonable solutions that need designers to input specific target displacement and stress. This study employs a linear technique to static shape and stress control of pin-jointed assemblies as a theoretical advancement to prior works and provides a comparative analysis against previously established works. The study evaluates the proposed method using MATLAB to find the optimum set of actuators, and MATLAB and SAP2000 to verify the actuation results obtained through applying the set of actuations to the numerical models. The proposed method minimizes the number of trials, count of actuators, and total actuation up to 83%, 73%, and 50%, respectively. Furthermore, the optimum solution could be found in a single trial. The study focuses on the three aspects: (a) finding the optimal count of actuators; (b) optimum amount of actuation using fmincon function; and c) Implementing two-sided inequalities to control equations allowing designers to develop target internal forces and nodal displacements, as domains rather than specific numbers. This improves the optimization process affecting actuator count, total actuation elements, and processing time.
Environmental adaptation assessment on a mountain trail as a pathway to local prosperity based on a topographical approach
Authors: Moutsopoulos D. , Stergiadou A. , Psilovikos Th. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEnvironmental adaptation assessment on a trail is particularly critical in mountain regions, where factors such as poverty and the difficulty in earning an alternative livelihood, the lack of infrastructure, and a lack of policies and planning are magnified. Mountain trails represent unique paths into the wild. The need for a topographical approach to survey a mountain trail led us to use TruePulse 360B laser technology equipment and digital mapping in order to select and analyze a trail in a forested area based on environmental adaptation assessment. Since ancient times, mountain trails have been pathways to local prosperity because they were used for commercial trade. In the modern world, mountain trails are used for hiking, recreational walks in nature, as a method to bring the new generation close to wild forests by persons in wheelchairs or disabled people (those who are deaf or blind or have Down syndrome, etc.). The aim of this paper is not only to provide a digital map for various tourist teams, especially disabled ones, to use when visiting and exploring the natural beauty near the Wildlife Museum in order to manage the wild trails for the benefit and prosperity of the local community, but also to examine the environmental adaptation of this trail by taking into consideration the protection of nature. The constructing methods of a path, the materials that are used for the pavement and the optical adaptation with the nature are also a goal.
Estimating the potential of spices for mineral provision in a refugee context in East Africa
Authors: Woldetsadik Desta , Hailu Hillette , Gebrezgabher Solomie , Adam-Bradford Andrew , Mengistu Tesfu , Evans Colby T. , Madani Nelly , Mafika Tamlyn P. , Fleming David E. B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMicronutrient deficiency remains an enormous problem in refugee settings. Transforming refugees’ food systems through the scaling up of kitchen gardening and fortifying relief food crops with minor food components including nutrient-dense spices can help improve the quality of staple foods. Globally, spices are indispensable in the daily diet and play an important role in the socio-cultural setting of different communities. Forty turmeric and curry powder samples were collected from different market establishments and geographic locations in East Africa. The samples were analyzed for selected elements using Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (PXRF). The contents of potassium (K), calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn) and strontium (Sr) in turmeric powder were statistically different among geographic origins (Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda). We also aimed to determine if a small portion of spices (turmeric (5 g) and curry (4 g)) would contribute to an adequate intake (AI) or recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for selected minerals, for refugee men and women aged between 19 and 50 years as defined by the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine (IOM). For the reference groups, the contributions of turmeric and curry powder to AI/RDA for K, Ca and Zn varied between 0.48 to 4.13%. On the other hand, turmeric was identified to contribute > 20% AI/RDA for refugee men and women aged between 19 and 50 years for two micro minerals: manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe). Considering turmeric and curry powder of East African origins are good sources of minerals and present acceptable toxic metal(loid)s loads coupled with low cost, these spices particularly turmeric should be more widely popularized and recommended for food-to-spice fortification among the refugee population located in East Africa.
Heat loss along the pipeline and its control measures
Authors: Wang Deming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this study, we present the derivation of the formulas for calculating the temperature drop and heat loss along the heat transporting pipeline and the methods of controlling the heat loss. Our results show that, both the temperature drop and the relative heat loss increase with the pipeline length, and increase close to linearly; the relative heat loss is nearly proportional to the thermal conductivity and is inversely proportional to the insulation thickness; the relative heat loss along or across the pipeline decreases with the increase in pipeline diametre, initial temperature, flow velocity or surrounding temperature. And we can control the relative heat loss within a determined range, even less than 10%. Especially, some thermal problems of the pipeline can be easily handled. Reducing its heat loss by 50%, for example, can be achieved by doubling the insulation thickness or by cutting down the thermal conductivity by half. As well, the causations of all the results are exhibited in detail.
The Participation of Civil Society in European Union Environmental Law-Making Processes: A Critical Assessment of the European Commission’s Consultations in Connection with the European Climate Law
Authors: Ammann Odile , Boussat Audrey 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe question of how best to tackle anthropogenic climate change is a thorny one: besides scientific uncertainty regarding the consequences of climate change, another difficulty is that the recommendations of climate experts may clash with the priorities of citizens, interest groups and political institutions. With the European Green Deal, the European Union (EU) recently made significant advances in climate policy; at the same time, and as is well known, the EU and its institutions have long been criticised for their “democratic deficit” and for their failure to involve all civil society actors equally in EU law-making processes. This article sheds light on the legal framework governing civil society participation in EU law-making, and more specifically on the Commission’s consultations pursuant to Article 11(3) of the Treaty on European Union. It then critically assesses selected features of two consultations conducted by the Commission in connection with the European Climate Law, which it evaluates from the perspective of the EU primary law principles of democracy, openness and transparency. Through this analysis, and by suggesting how future climate consultations could be further improved, the article aims to contribute to the (still nascent) legal scholarship on civil society participation in environmental and climate policy.
BERRY–ESSEEN BOUND AND LOCAL LIMIT THEOREM FOR THE COEFFICIENTS OF PRODUCTS OF RANDOM MATRICES
Authors: Dinh Tien-Cuong , Kaufmann Lucas , Wu Hao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLet$\mu $be a probability measure on$\mathrm {GL}_d(\mathbb {R})$, and denote by$S_n:= g_n \cdots g_1$the associated random matrix product, where$g_j$are i.i.d. with law$\mu $. Under the assumptions that$\mu $has a finite exponential moment and generates a proximal and strongly irreducible semigroup, we prove a Berry–Esseen bound with the optimal rate$O(1/\sqrt n)$for the coefficients of$S_n$, settling a long-standing question considered since the fundamental work of Guivarc’h and Raugi. The local limit theorem for the coefficients is also obtained, complementing a recent partial result of Grama, Quint and Xiao.
Factors on the Mesozoic Transition From Flat to Steep Subduction of the Paleo‐Pacific Plate Beneath South China: Thickened Oceanic Crust and Subduction Rate
Authors: Jiang Jiawei , Mao Yadan , Hu Xiangyun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the Mesozoic, the age of Paleo‐Pacific plate that flatly subducted beneath the South China was ∼80 Ma, resulting in a cold and dense oceanic slab. The transition process from flat to steep subduction of this old slab and factors that affect it are still unclear. Using 2‐D thermomechanical numerical models, we investigate the dependence of the transition mode on the size of TOC (length and thickness) and the subduction rate. The results indicate that under low subduction rates (e.g., 1 cm/yr), even a 100‐km long eclogitized TOC can induce slab delamination beneath continental lithosphere. The maximum subduction rate for slab delamination to occur increases with an increasing length or thickness of TOC. However, when the subduction rate is over a certain critical value (e.g., ≥4 cm/yr), oceanic slab rolls back. The presence of the TOC delays the initial rollback time, as compared to cases with no TOC. In addition, with a TOC of small size (e.g., 100‐km length and 20‐km thickness) under a certain range of subduction rate, an 80‐Ma old slab can maintain a long‐lasting flat subduction. The comparisons between the numerical results and global plate motion models indicate that the northwestward motion of South China Block since ca. 195 ± 5 Ma induced the delamination of oceanic slab. The arrival of the TOC in the Paleo‐Pacific Plate to the continental arc should be later than the previously estimated ca. 250 Ma. Determination of the TOC size requires three‐dimensional simulations and more detailed geological records.
Jurassic Paleomagnetism of the Lhasa Terrane—Implications for Tethys Evolution and True Polar Wander
Authors: Ma Yiming , Wang Qiang , Wang Huapei , Wan Bo , Zhang Shihong , Deng Chenglong , Zheng Dongyu , Ren Qiang , Yang Tianshui , Wu Dan , Zou Di , Wang Jun , Liu Xiao , Kang Zhiqiang , Dan Wei , Han Fei , Dekkers Mark J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe drift history of the Lhasa terrane from Gondwana to Asia plays a crucial role in understanding the Tethys evolution and true polar wander (TPW). However, few reliable paleomagnetic results from Jurassic strata are currently available for reconstructing its northward journey. We performed a combined paleomagnetic and geochronological study on Bima Formation strata in the Xigaze area. Combined with previous results from the Sangri area, our results reveal a paleolatitude of 8 ± 4°S at ∼180 Ma for the reference point (29.3°N, 90.3°E). Along with other paleomagnetic results from the Triassic to Cretaceous, our new results suggest that the Lhasa terrane motion accelerated from ∼2 cm/yr during ∼220–180 Ma to ∼17 cm/yr during ∼180–170 Ma. Paleolatitude information of the North Qiangtang terrane and Tethyan Himalaya is calculated from paleopoles that meet five criteria, which include (a) structural control, (b) well‐determined rock age, (c) stepwise demagnetizations, (d) a minimum of 25 specimens or 8 sites are contained, and (e) robust field or reversal tests are provided. Both terranes also show significant acceleration during their northward motion, which may be related to oceanic slab subduction. Thus, all Gondwana‐derived microcontinents seem to share a significant acceleration during their northward motion. In addition, recent paleomagnetic results from volcanic rocks dated at ∼155 Ma subdivide the overall northward motion during ∼170–130 Ma into two stages, which include a southward drift during ∼170–155 Ma followed by northward motion during ∼155–130 Ma. These results support the fast Late Jurassic TPW during a ∼10 Myr time span.
The Variation Characteristics and Prediction Performance of TEC in the Geomagnetic Latitude and Local Time Coordinate
Authors: Zhang Simin , Wu Xiaocheng , Hu Xiong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTotal electron content (TEC), as one of the most valuable ionosphere parameters, has many variation characteristics. The TEC has specific characteristics at a given time, suggesting that the global TEC morphology distribution is maintained for a period. We consider the global ionosphere map (GIM) to be the actual ionospheric electron density integration, predict the GIM by a previous period in a geomagnetic latitude and local time (LT) coordinate system, and compare the differences between these two GIMs. The objective of this research is to find the morphological properties of global TEC in the geomagnetic latitude and LT coordinate system, reveal ionospheric behavior and predict TEC using an uncomplicated method. The GIM data for a solar cycle (2009–2020) are used to find the error characteristics and prediction performance of TEC in this coordinate. The equatorial ionization anomaly is the dominant error region. This error shows diurnal and seasonal variations and has a strong correlation with solar activity. The prediction error of this method is smaller than that of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model, especially in high solar activity years. The root mean square error of the 3‐hr prediction is 6.53 in 2014 and 2.02 TECU in 2019, and it is 28.5% smaller than that of IRI on average for 2009–2020.
Two‐Way Assessment of Ionospheric Maps Performance Over the Brazilian Region: Global Versus Regional Products
Authors: Jerez Gabriel O. , Hernández‐Pajares Manuel , Goss Andreas , Prol Fabricio S. , Alves Daniele B. M. , Monico João F. G. , Schmidt Michael 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVertical total electron content (VTEC) has great importance in describing the ionosphere. VTEC values are commonly distributed in regular grids by means of so‐called global ionospheric maps (GIMs) and regional ionospheric maps (RIMs). Although considerable research has been conducted to develop regional and global models, there is no clear understanding of the benefits of using RIMs over GIMs. Aiming to contribute to this discussion, our investigation presents a comparison between seven global and regional ionospheric maps considering two approaches: (a) ionosonde data‐based assessment and (b) global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) positioning assessment. A challenging low latitude ionosphere scenario, the Brazilian region, was selected during a week with an active geomagnetic storm. The assessment results with ionosonde data have shown better performance of the RIM products named OTHR and OTRG. Among the global products, CODG and UQRG have shown the best performances. The worst results were obtained with the RIM named Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais. The assessment with GNSS positioning led to larger and noisier errors close to the equatorial anomaly. Two of the analyzed RIMs presented expected large errors in stations at the edges of the coverage area. To overcome this issue, a hybrid product was proposed to extend the RIM covered region. The proposed hybrid product (OTRG) presented the best results in the GNSS positioning domain.
Basal Décollement Splaying Induces Mid‐Crustal Tectonic Imbrication in an Intracontinental Orogen
Authors: Feng Zhentian , Chu Yang , Wei Wei , Xue Zhenhua , Xin Guangyao , Meng Lingtong , Zhang Di , Lin Wei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMid‐to‐lower crustal rock exhumation is common in orogenic belts, but the deformation process exposing these rocks remains debated. Distributed deformation in low viscous crust extruding mid‐to‐lower crustal rocks as channel flow and localized deformation along shear zones imbricating rigid blocks are two end‐members that account for crustal thickening and unroofing. At the northwest of the Early Paleozoic orogenic belt in the South China Block, the Jiuling Massif includes orogenic root rocks exhumed from deep crustal level. Their structural pattern and exhumation history can improve our understanding on how continental mid‐to‐lower crust is deformed, thickened, and finally transported to the surface. Structural analysis reveals that two major mid‐crustal ductile shear zones and their splays are developed at temperatures of ∼350°C–550°C. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) shows that the Southern Jiuling Batholith has a modified AMS pattern by syn‐orogenic compression, suggesting a gradually deformed rigid block. Combining surface geological evidence and deep structures by gravity modeling, we find shear zones rooted in basal décollement incrementally stacked the rigid granitic blocks. Along strike, the major shear zones evolved differently with more splays at their eastern portions. Thus, tectonic imbrication can evolve to pervasive flow‐like deformation as shear zones continue to splay and form an anastomosed shear zone system. The complexed structures by splayed shear zones segmenting and imbricating small rigid blocks may correspond to the geophysically low‐velocity zone in the crust, so shear zone splaying is a linking mechanism between tectonic imbrication and viscous flow deformation of the crust.
Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction remodels tumour microenvironment to improve immunotherapeutic effect
Authors: Liu Senbo , Zhang Yan , Liu Yang , Wang Wenkang , Gao Shuochen , Yuan Weitang , Sun Zhenqiang , Liu Lin , Wang Chengzeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCancer immunotherapy (CIT) has gained increasing attention and made promising progress in recent years, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors such as antibodies blocking programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4). However, its therapeutic efficacy is only 10–30% in solid tumours and treatment sensitivity needs to be improved. The complex tissue environment in which cancers originate is known as the tumour microenvironment (TME) and the complicated and dynamic TME is correlated with the efficacy of immunotherapy. Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) is an emerging technology that integrates diagnosis and therapy, which has garnered much traction due to non-invasive, targeted drug delivery and gene transfection characteristics. UTMD has also been studied to remodel TME and improve the efficacy of CIT. In this review, we analyse the effects of UTMD on various components of TME, including CD8+ T cells, tumour-infiltrating myeloid cells, regulatory T cells, natural killer cells and tumour vasculature. Moreover, UTMD enhances the permeability of the blood-brain barrier to facilitate drug delivery, thus improving CIT efficacy in vivo animal experiments. Based on this, we highlight the potential of immunotherapy against various cancer species and the clinical application prospects of UTMD.
The mechanism of BUD13 m6A methylation mediated MBNL1-phosphorylation by CDK12 regulating the vasculogenic mimicry in glioblastoma cells
Authors: Liu Meichen , Ruan Xuelei , Liu Xiaobai , Dong Weiwei , Wang Di , Yang Chunqing , Liu Libo , Wang Ping , Zhang Mengyang , Xue Yixue 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVasculogenic mimicry (VM) is an endothelium-independent tumor microcirculation that provides adequate blood supply for tumor growth. The presence of VM greatly hinders the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) with anti-angiogenic drugs. Therefore, targeting VM formation may be a feasible therapeutic strategy for GBM. The research aimed to evaluate the roles of BUD13, CDK12, MBNL1 in regulating VM formation of GBM. BUD13 and CDK12 were upregulated and MBNL1 was downregulated in GBM tissues and cells. Knockdown of BUD13, CDK12, or overexpression of MBNL1 inhibited GBM VM formation. METTL3 enhanced the stability of BUD13 mRNA and upregulated its expression through m6A methylation. BUD13 enhanced the stability of CDK12 mRNA and upregulated its expression. CDK12 phosphorylated MBNL1, thereby regulating VM formation of GBM. The simultaneous knockdown of BUD13, CDK12, and overexpression of MBNL1 reduced the volume of subcutaneously transplanted tumors in nude mice and prolonged the survival period. Thus, the BUD13/CDK12/MBNL1 axis plays a crucial role in regulating VM formation of GBM and provides a potential target for GBM therapy.
Targeting HER3 or MEK overcomes acquired Trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive gastric cancer-derived xenograft
Authors: Zhang Mengqi , Li Beifang , Liao Haiyan , Chen Zuhua , Huang Wenwen , Yang Jing , Ge Sai , Li Zhongwu , Shen Lin , Zhang Cheng , Gao Jing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAcquired Trastuzumab resistance is a complicated and disastrous event for HER2-positive gastric cancer (GC). In this study, we successfully established a GC PDX model with Trastuzumab sensitivity (176P) and induced a homologous model with acquired Trastuzumab resistance (176R), then comprehensively delineated the landscape of Trastuzumab resistance mechanisms using single-cell transcriptome sequencing, as well as protein profiling and genomic variation analysis. According to multi-omics study, different gene expression profiles, rather than genetic changes, contributed to acquired Trastuzumab resistance. The mechanisms underlying acquired Trastuzumab resistance present great complexity as multiple molecules and pathways were involved, including ERBB family, MAPK, PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT, and cell cycle pathways. Through phenotypical and molecular validation, we found that Trastuzumab combined with HER3-targeted antibody or MEK inhibitor demonstrated excellent antitumor activity and good tolerance, which may serve as promising strategies for overcoming acquired Trastuzumab resistance.