bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypotrichosis with Juvenile Macular Dystrophy in a Patient with Cadherin 3 (CDH3) Mutation
Authors: Rishi Ekta , Goel Sugandha , Bassi Shikha , Rishi Pukhraj 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD) is an autosomal recessive disease with progressive macular degeneration leading to blindness in the first three decades of life along with hypotrichosis.
Case: We herein report a case of a five year old boy with hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy diagnosed with multi-modal imaging which was later confirmed by genetic testing by whole genome sequencing.
Observations: Fundus examination of both eyes revealed symmetrical hypopigmentation in peripapillary retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) involving posterior pole and surrounded by a mottled hyperpigmented border. Fundus autofluorescence showed central hypo autofluorescence with surrounding hyper autofluorescence corresponding to RPE atrophy and a faint hypo autofluorescence at the junction of normal retina. SD-OCT showed segmental outer retinal and choriocapillaris atrophy temporal to fovea with interdigitation zone and ellipsoid zone loss and RPE irregularities with hyperreflective subretinal deposits at the fovea. Electroretinogram showed normal waves but a slight reduction of b wave amplitude in both eyes. He had sparse scalp-hair.
Conclusion: Children with reduced vision not falling into a typical macular degeneration should be examined systemically and may just have sparse scalp hair and still have a genetic disease. A regular follow-up should be emphasized in view of progressive nature of the disease.
Outcomes of Fungal Corneal Ulcer with Impending Perforation after Temporary Suture Tarsorrhaphy
Authors: Maharjan Sumit Singh , Pant Aashish Raj , Joshi Purushottam , Shrestha Pranav , Sharma Ranjana 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate outcomes and complications of temporary suture tarsorrhaphy (TST) in cases of impending corneal ulcer perforation.
Materials and methods: Case records of patients who underwent temporary suture tarsorrhaphy at Mechi Eye Hospital during a period of 18 months were retrospectively evaluated. All the smear positive fungal keratitis with more than 5mm infiltration involving central and/or paracentral cornea with impending corneal perforation were included. Demographic and clinical profile including – visual acuity, indication for temporary suture tarsorrhaphy, duration of signs and symptoms were noted. The outcomes were evaluated after 1 month and 3 months post tarsorrhaphy, in relation with time to epithelial healing, anatomical success rate, best corrected visual acuity, complications associated with non-healing corneal ulcer, number of temporary suture tarsorrhaphy needed and complications of TST.
Results: The study included 119 cases of smear positive fungal keratitis with mean age of 51.34 + 15.56 years. In this study, 56.30% of the patients developed epithelial healing at 2 – 4 weeks with mean duration of 23.24 + 12.09 days of temporary suture tarsorrhaphy. Out of 119 patients, the corneal ulcer healed in 84 patients (70.6%), whereas 35 (29.4%) did not heal. Among those with non-healing ulcers, 15 patients (12.6%) had to undergo evisceration. The anatomical success rate was 87.39% which was statistically significant (P = 0.001). Regarding visual outcome, in 62 patients (52.10%) BCVA improved by 2 or more lines, which was statistically significant (P<0.05) resulting in a functional success of 26.89%.
Conclusion: This study concludes that temporary suture tarsorrhaphy could be a useful option for management of corneal ulcers with impending perforation in eye centers with limited resources settings and high disease burden with good anatomical and functional outcome.
Clinical Profile of Patients Presenting with Corneal Foreign Bodies: A Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in a Tertiary Hospital in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Tina , Parajuli Sanket , Sharma Sadhana , Shrestha Riyaz , Singh Prerana 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Corneal foreign bodies are one of the commonest forms of ocular trauma, the majority of which occur due to occupational exposure. The aim of this study was to study the profile of patients with corneal foreign bodies.
Materials and methods: A hospital based prospective study was conducted among 60 patients presenting to the ophthalmology outpatient department in Dhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University Hospital (DH-KUH) over a time span of 6 months. Demographic data of patients, clinical characteristics of foreign bodies and associated complications were noted.
Results: Most of the patients were males (n=55) belonging to the 21-30 age group (n=24). Majority of them were workers in metal industries (n=26). Welding and cutting metal were implicated as the most common mode of injury (n=53).
Conclusion: By virtue of this study, we identified the high risks associated with sustaining this form of ocular trauma. The incidence and hence the prevalence of corneal foreign body can be gradually levelled down if we aware the people about the associated complications and advise them to use protective eye wears (PEW).
Knowledge Assessment on Cortical Visual Impairment Among Ophthalmologists in Nepal
Authors: Lama Ang Jangmu , Parajuli Rojeeta , Poudel Manish , Adhikari Srijana 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Cortical visual impairment (CVI) in children is a retro chiasmal visual tract disorder where there is with an impairment in the visual acuity and/or functionality of vision-guided task, including motor planning in the presence of normal ocular findings or minimal ocular morbidity. The study was conducted to assess the knowledge about CVI among ophthalmologists practicing in Nepal.
Materials and methods: This was a cross sectional study. Data collection was done by administering a preformed, validated questionnaire that was sent via email to all the ophthalmologists registered under the Nepal Ophthalmic Society. The email mentioned the aim of the study along with the questionnaire.
Results: A total of 146 (37.82%) ophthalmologists responded to the questionnaire. Forty four percent of the participants were general ophthalmologists, 28% were pediatric ophthalmologists and 67% were ophthalmologists from other subspecialty. The median age of participants was 37.6 years. Most of the ophthalmologist had a good knowledge about the cause, common risk factors, clinical risk factors, management and prognosis of CVI. However only 29.5% of participants were aware of the investigation of choice for diagnosing CVI and 31.7% were aware of the leading causes of visual impairment in the developed countries. The study also established that the knowledge score was higher in pediatric ophthalmologists than the general ophthalmologist and ophthalmologists from other specialties.
Conclusion: Most of the ophthalmologists had a good knowledge about the cause, common risk factors, clinical features, management and prognosis of CVI. However only a limited number of participants were aware of the investigation of choice for diagnosing CVI and the leading causes of visual impairment in the developed countries. Majority of the participants rarely examined patients with CVI which does not correlate with the high prevalence of perinatal hypoxia, the commonest cause of CVI, in our country.
Comparison of Ziehl Neelsen Stain, Auramine Rhodamine Stain and Culture Sensitivity of AFB in Routine and Concentrated Pleural Fluid
Authors: Thapa Kamal Raj , Bhattarai Madhur Dev , Thapa Anu , Basnet Tulasa 
Published: May 2022

Background: Nearly one third of the global population is infected with mycobacterial tuberculosis. Pleural tuberculosis accounts for 20% of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion is difficult because of the low detection rate of different diagnostic tests like microscopy and culture. Current study aimed to compare the detection rate of different tests in non-concentrated and concentrated pleural fluid.
Methods: A hospital based prospective cross sectional study was carried out over one year duration in the Medicine Department of Bir Hospital. A total of 52 cases were enrolled. Detailed history taking and physical examination; radiological, hematological and serum biochemical investigations were performed. Thoracocentesis was performed in all the patients; 20 ml pleural fluid was sent for microscopy with ZN and AR staining as well as for AFB culture. Up to 500ml of pleural fluid was heparinized and kept on cylindrical jar for two hours and 50 ml of sediment was also sent for microscopy and culture within one hour. The results obtained were documented and analysis was done.
Results: A total of 52 patients, 31 (59.6%) males and 21 (40.4%) females were included. Their mean age of study participants was 38.67 ± 17.71 (range 16-82 years). Common presentations were fever (94.2%), cough (92.3%), breathlessness (84.6%), chest pain (65.4%) and significant weight loss (59.6%). Haemoptysis was present in 13.5%, anemia in 48.1%, enlarged cervical lymph nodes in 5.8% of the patients. The detection rates of ZN stain, AR stain and AFB culture in non-concentrated pleural fluid were 3.8%, 9.6% and 11.5% respectively. The detection rates for the same tests using concentrated pleural fluid of the same patients were 7.7%, 25% and 17.3% respectively. Differences in detection rate with AR stain and AFB culture for non- concentrated and concentrated pleural fluid were statistically significant (p value <0.01).
Conclusion: The detection of AFB using microscopy with ZN and AR staining as well as culture in solid media is low. The detection rate was significantly increased by using concentrated pleural fluid sample for microscopy and culture.
Scrub Typhus in Intensive Care Unit in Kathmandu – A case series from a tertiary center
Authors: Rajkarnikar Ruja , Paudyal Bidhan Raj , Awale Ayushi , Shrestha Sanjeev , Sharma Lucky , Pant Subash , Shrestha Sanjeet K 
Published: May 2022

Scrub typhus is a rickettsial zoonosis caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi which can cause focal or disseminated vasculitis & perivasculitis in various body systems. It is endemic in many parts of Nepal & has been neglected & under-detected. We clinically assessed six patients from a intensive care unit in a tertiary hospital in Nepal that tested positive for scrub typhus using IgM ELISA & analyzed their profiles.
Out of six patients, three were male & three were female with a mean age of 44.6 years. All six patients had chief complaints of fever & myalgia. Four patients presented with eschar. Three patients presented with septic shock while one presented with septicemia and meningoencephalitis. Only one patient had elevated white cell counts. Four out of six patients had transaminitis. Thrombocytopenia was present in two patients. Hypoalbuminemia was present in three patients. All cases tested negative for dengue, malaria, brucella, Leptospira, leishmania, salmonella & tuberculosis.
This study points out the need for raising the index of suspicion & early screening of scrub typhus in patients with fever & laboratory findings of liver dysfunction or thrombocytopenia even with normal white cell counts.
Toward a New Theory of Earth Crustal Displacement
Authors: Carlotto Mark 
Published: May 2022

Snapshot/Lay Summary—In 1958 Charles Hapgood proposed that mass imbalances created by a buildup of polar ice could displace the earth’s crust over the mantle and that resulting pole shifts were the cause of catastrophic climate changes and ice ages. We contrast the first part of his theory with plate tectonics and true polar wander and propose a new mechanism that is triggered by short-term reversals of the geomagnetic field that “unlock” the crust from the mantle, driven by earth–moon–sun tidal forces, the same forces that move earth’s oceans. It is shown that by combining a modified version of the second part of Hapgood’s theory with elements of existing climate theories it may be possible to account for periodic sea-level changes associated with the buildup and melting of polar ice over past glacial cycles with a combination of Milanković cycles and Hapgood pole shifts.

Abstract—In previous studies of more than two hundred archaeological sites, it was discovered that the alignments of almost half of the sites could not be explained, and about 80% of the unexplained sites appear to reference four locations within 30° of the North Pole. Based on their correlation with Hapgood’s estimated positions of the North Pole over the past 100,000 years, we proposed that, by association, sites aligned to these locations could be tens to hundreds of thousands of years old. That such an extraordinary claim rests on Hapgood’s unproven theory of earth crustal displacement/pole shifts is problematic, even given the extraordinary number of aligned sites (more than several hundred) that have been discovered thus far. Using a numerical model we test his hypothesis that mass imbalances in the crust due to a buildup of polar ice are sufficient to displace the crust to the extent required in his theory. We discover in the process that the crust is not currently in equilibrium with the whole earth in terms of its moments of inertia. Based on a review of the literature that reveals a possible connection between the timing of short-term reversals of the geomagnetic field (geomagnetic excursions), super-volcanic eruptions, and glacial events, we hypothesize that crustal displacements might be triggered by geomagnetic excursions that “unlock” the crust from the mantle to the extent that available forces, specifically earth–moon–sun tidal forces, the same forces that move earth’s oceans, can displace the crust over the mantle. It is demonstrated how such a model, when combined with existing climate change theory, may be able to explain periodic changes in sea level associated with the buildup and melting of polar ice over past glacial cycles by a combination of Milanković cycles and Hapgood pole shifts.
On Subtle Bodies, Out-of-Body Experiences, and Apparitions of the Living: A Review of Ernesto Bozzano's Study of "Bilocation"
Authors: Alvarado Carlos S. , Biondi Massimo 
Published: May 2022

For many years there have been phenomena such as apparitions of the living, photographs of the living at a distance, near-death experiences, emanations of light from the dying, fog, or incorporeal “doubles,” which have suggested the existence of a spirit, or “subtle body,” able to separate itself from the physical body, sometimes bringing consciousness with it. This idea also underpins the projection model for Out-of-Body Experience (OBE) cases, which has an interesting history (Alvarado, 2009, 2011, 2019). Here I briefly review that concept through the analysis of a work written by the Italian student of psychic phenomena Ernesto Bozzano, published for the first time in 1934 (Bozzano, 2020) and recently re-edited in the original language by Golem Libri, a young publishing house specializing in “psychic” topics.
In discussing this book my approach is mainly historical. I hope both to help modern readers to get more acquainted with Bozzano’s work, and to highlight those passages that deepen our understanding of specific aspects of the topic, especially with reference to the ideas on OBEs published before the 1930s. I am convinced that while the issues discussed by Bozzano have a limited value today, they can stimulate further discussions.
Do the ‘Valentine’s Day Blues’ Exist? A Legacy Report on a Purported Psychological Phenomenon
Authors: Lange Rense , Jerabek Ilona , Dagnall Neil 
Published: May 2022

The ‘Valentine’s Day Blues’ is an enduring concept rooted in pop psychology that has unfortunately received little empirical attention. On this point, it is commonly assumed that the increasing commodification of romance plus the social trappings of Valentine’s Day can elicit stresses similar to those evoked by traditional holidays. Thus, women’s greater experience of ‘mattering’ and greater tendencies towards depression and rumination should place women at a greater risk of ‘Valentine’s Day Blues’ than men. Accordingly, when no Valentine’s Day gift is received such distress likely lasts longer in women than in men in addition to being stronger in general. These hypotheses were tested based on the data of 2,070 participants in a 2004 consumer sentiment survey who completed a 34-item online questionnaire within four weeks following Valentine’s Day. This questionnaire addressed anxiety, depression, rumination, and social anxiety as derived from existing instruments. Rasch scaling analyses found that men and women’s generalized depression (i.e., a combination of the four aforementioned item types) was greater for those not receiving a gift relative to that expressed by those who did receive a Valentine’s Day gift. However, while men rebounded after two weeks, women’s greater depression continued after three weeks. Of greatest clinical concern are 30-40 year olds, and those least affected were respondents over 40 years of age.
Keywords: Emotion regulation, holiday depression, pop psychology, Rasch scaling, stress reactions
Lost and Found Children in the Arctic Wilderness Moving On, Moving Forward
Authors: Khokholova Natalya 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The article does not investigate the reason behind the recurring cases of missing children and young adults in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and does not offer an explanation for this phenomenon. Instead, it interprets this occurrence as a symptom of the oppressive histories and realities for indigenous groups residing on the territory of this part of the Russian Federation. Although the reasons for children going missing might seem obvious—the vast uninhabited territory of the region and poor infrastructure—the article argues that these cases of missing children are the result and evidence of neglect on behalf of parents and the state. The contributive value of this article is to voice the current precarious situation in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) under the “brotherhood” of the New Russians’ oligarchy and the way that communal cultural practices of the indigenous peoples of Yakutia resist this form of oppressive practice and the possibility of going missing, or extinct.
ІННОВАЦІЙНО ОРІЄНТОВАНІ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНІ СИСТЕМИ ЯК ОБ’ЄКТ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ
Authors: Григорук Павло , Пайонк Оксана , Хрущ Віталій 
Published: May 2022

Стаття присвячена дослідженню соціально-економічних систем як об’єктів моделювання в контексті їх інноваційної спрямованості. Наведені характерні риси інноваційно-орієнтованих соціально-економічних систем. Розглянуто ієрархічність соціально-економічних систем. Обґрунтована доцільність застосування інструментарію економіко-математичного моделювання для опису таких систем, спрямованих на визначення стану та траєкторій їх розвитку в умовах інформаційної невизначеності та потенційних загрозі і ризиків. Проведений аналіз підходів науковців до вивчення інноваційно-орієнтованих соціально-економічних систем від найвищого ієрархічного рівня інноваційно-орієнтованої економіки до рівня окремих суб’єктів господарювання. Встановлені особливості опису таких систем на кожному рівні ієрархії, узагальнено етапи їх розвитку, визначено процеси та основні економічні функції, що забезпечують результативність інновацій. Проведений аналіз підходів до моделювання інноваційно-орієнтованих соціально-економічних систем визначив домінуючий вплив інтелектуальної складової їх потенціалу на впровадження інновацій. Встановлено, що в зарубіжні науковці свої дослідження переважно орієнтують на використання методів опитування з подальшим узагальненням отриманої інформації та формулюванні висновків, що дещо звужує практичну їх цінність та можливість перенесення на інші типи систем. Також акцентовано на важливості орієнтації інноваційної діяльності на конкурентів споживачів при розробленні стратегії розвитку.
РОЛЬ ПЛАНУВАННЯ В ЕФЕКТИВНОМУ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ТУРИСТИЧНОЇ СФЕРИ
Authors: Калініченко Сергій , Колєснік Тетяна , Грохольський Вадим , Грібіник Андрій 
Published: May 2022

Основним напрямом стратегічного розвитку туристичних підприємств є орієнтація на планування діяльності з урахуванням змін, що відбуваються на ринку туристичних послуг та в соціально-економічному середовищі в цілому. Саме таке планування надає змогу туристичним підприємствам поєднати загальну стратегію розвитку з наявністю реальних і потенційних можливостей для її реалізації, ураховуючи загрози, які можуть виникнути на ринку. Для розробки та здійснення стратегії велике значення має аналіз ринкових чинників, які через свою постійну й високу мінливість можуть безпосередньо вплинути на успіх або крах підприємства. Потрібно переглянути наукові та практичні підходи до планування в умовах ринкової економіки. Не можна відкидати планування як ідеологічний підхід минулого та ототожнювати планування з насаджуванням нашій державі, під виглядом планування, неефективного шляху розвитку. Моделі прогнозування розвитку туристичного ринку дозволяють визначити нову структуру туристичного ринку залежно від еластичності реакції туристів та ієрархії їхніх потреб в контексті кон’юнктурних чинників. Реалізація таких моделей може забезпечити розвиток туристичної сфери через встановлення й підтримання рівноваги між збереженням природних та історико-культурних ресурсів, створення сприятливих умов для формування якісного туристичного продукту.
В сучасних умовах господарювання всі учасники ринкових відносин самостійно здійснюють планування своєї діяльності на основі ринкового попиту, раціонального використання наявних ресурсів, прагнення отримати максимальну величину прибутку. При цьому в практичній діяльності підприємство використовує різні види планів. В умовах скрутного матеріального становища планування є важливим чинником економії ресурсів та дає змогу ефективно використовувати інвестиційні надходження. Більшість націлених на успіх менеджерів присвячують себе концепції внутрішньофірмового планування. Вони намагаються зробити все можливе, плануючи життєвий шлях підприємства
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ СТРАТЕГІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ КОНКУРЕНТНИМИ ПОЗИЦІЯМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Любохинець Лариса , Поплавська Ольга 
Published: May 2022

У дослідженні розкрито актуальність проблеми удосконалення методів стратегічного управління конкурентними позиціями підприємства. Розроблено модель реалізації процесного підходу до стратегічного управління конкурентними позиціями підприємства, яка включає керуючу підсистему, підсистему управління конкурентоспроможністю підприємства, в які, своєю чергою, входять функціональна підсистема (організаційне, кадрове, фінансове, технологічне, інформаційне та юридичне забезпечення) та процесна підсистема (організаційно-управлінські, фінансово-аналітичні, ринкові та збутові бізнес-процеси). Визначено цілі вдосконалення системи стратегічного управління конкурентними позиціями підприємства, які вибудувано у відповідності до елементів процесної підсистеми управління ними. Показано яким чином реалізація цих цілей забезпечує застосування і поєднання ключових концепцій управління. Визначено положення організаційно-економічного механізму покращення конкурентних позицій підприємства зі застосуванням сукупності методів та засобів впливу на зміцнення структурних складових розвитку бізнесу, а також у підсумку формування надійної системи менеджменту шляхом створення відповідної служби чи делегування функцій з її забезпечення іншим структурним підрозділам підприємства.