bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volatile sulfide compounds and oral microorganisms on the inner surface of masks in individuals with halitosis during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lee Yeon-Hee , Kim Hyeongrok , Heo Dae Wook , Ahn In-Suk , Auh Q-Schick 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Mask-wearing is still recommended owing to the continuing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Within the closed chamber created by the mask, people are increasingly self-aware of their oral malodor. This study aimed to measure volatile sulfide compound (VSC) levels in patients with halitosis and investigate the oral microbiome profile on the inner surface of their masks. We also investigated which oral microbiota increases VSC levels and whether the oral microbiomes of oral saliva and mask are correlated. A total of 50 subjects (41 women, average age 38.12 ± 12.58 years old) were included in the study, 25 healthy subjects and 25 patients with halitosis who wore masks for more than 3 hours. The dominant bacterial species, bacterial profile, and Shannon diversity index of whole unstimulated saliva and the inner surface of the mask were investigated. The bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes of the major oral bacterial species were analyzed using real-time PCR. Gas chromatography was used to measure hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3SH), which are representative VSCs. The total bacterial DNA copy number was significantly higher in the saliva sample than in the mask sample (p < 0.001), and the average value was 276 times greater. Shannon diversity index was also significantly higher in saliva than in the inner surface of the mask (2.62 ± 0.81 vs. 1.15 ± 1.52, p < 0.001). The most common Gram-negative and Gram-positive species in the masks were Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Lactobacillus casei (Lc), respectively. The bacterial species with significant positive correlations between saliva and mask samples were Prevotella intermedia (Pi) (r = 0.324, p = 0.022), Eikenella corrodens (r = 0.309, p = 0.029), Lc (r = 0.293, p = 0.039), and Parvimonas micra (Pm) (r = 0.366, p = 0.009). The mean value of CH3SH was significantly higher in the halitosis group than in the non-halitosis group (17.84 ± 29.00 vs. 3.84 ± 10.57 ppb, p = 0.031). In the halitosis group, the DNA copy numbers and VSC levels showed highly positive correlation coefficients in the order Pg, Treponema denticola (Td), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), Pi, and Prevotella nigrescens (Pn) (all p < 0.05). Regarding bacterial profiles of the mask, Td was strongly correlated with CH3SH (r = 0.414, p = 0.040) and total VSCs (r = 0.374, p = 0.033) only in halitosis group. Mask-wearing time was strongly correlated with total VSCs, H2S, and CH3SH (all r > 0.8, p < 0.001). Oral bacteria, whose association with halitosis has been identified, increased VSC levels in mask-wearing subjects during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly the number of Gram-negative anaerobes such as Pg and Td. Mask-wearing time was a major factor in increasing VSC levels. The study results suggest that people with halitosis could control these Gram-negative bacteria by managing oral hygiene and regularly changing masks.
Biochar-promoted methane production and mitigation of acidification during thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of food waste with crude glycerol: Comparison with re-inoculation
Authors: Li Xiaojue , Shimizu Naoto 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Food waste and crude glycerol were anaerobically co-digested for 100 days at 52 ± 1°C with a volatile solids loading rate of 1.0 g L− 1 d− 1. This long-term thermophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) system encountered severe inhibition from volatile fatty acids (VFAs). The study investigated the impacts of re-inoculation (RI) and biochar addition (BA) on this AD process, and monitored the variation of pH, VFAs, total alkalinity, total ammonia nitrogen, and electrical conductivity during treatment. RI treatment was effective in the short term by recovering reactivity after inhibited sludge was mixed 1:1 with active inoculant. In the long term, RI could not reverse process imbalance and finally failed on day 56. Superior performance in methane production and process stability was observed in BA reactors when compared with control and RI reactors. Overall, the biochar contributed to alkalinity and facilitated the activation of methanogenesis and stimulated the conversion of VFAs.
ADAR1-dependent miR-3144-3p editing simultaneously induces MSI2 and suppresses SLC38A4 in liver cancer
Authors: Nam Suk Woo , Kim Hyung Seok , Na Min Jeong , Son Keun Hong , Yang Hee Doo , Kim Sang Yean , Shin Eunbi , Ha Jin Woong , Jeon Soyoung , Kang Keunsoo , Moon Kiho , Park Won Sang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aberrant adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, catalyzed by adenosine deaminase acting on double-stranded RNA (ADAR), is implicated in various cancers, but the mechanisms by which microRNA (miRNA) editing contributes to cancer development are currently largely unknown. Our multi-step hepatocellular carcinogenesis transcriptome data analyses, together with publicly available data, indicated that ADAR1 is the most dysregulated gene among the RNA editing enzyme families in liver cancer. Targeted inactivation of ADAR1 inhibits in vitro tumorigenesis of liver cancer cells. Integrative computational analyses of RNA editing hotspots and the editing frequency of miRNAs suggested miR-3144-3p a potential mRNA edited by ADAR1 in liver cancer progression. ADAR1 promoted A-to-I editing of the canonical miR-3144-3p to change position 3 adenosine in the seed region to guanine (ED_miR-3144-3p(3_A < G)) in liver cancer cells. We then demonstrated that Musashi RNA-binding protein 2 (MSI2) is a specific target of miR-3144-3p, and that MSI2 overexpression is due to ADAR1-dependent over-editing of the canonical miR-3144-3p in liver cancer. In addition, target prediction analyses and validation experiments identified solute carrier family 38 member 4 (SLC38A4) as specific target gene for ED_miR-3144-3p(3_A < G). Ectopic expressions of both ADAR1 and ED_miR-3144-3p(3_A < G) mimics enhanced mitotic activities and that ADAR1 suppressed SLC38A4 in liver cancer cells. Treatments with mouse-specific ADAR1-, MSI2-siRNA or SLC39A4-expressing plasmids suppressed tumor incidence and growth in a spontaneous mouse liver cancer model. Our findings suggest that aberrant regulation of ADAR1 augments oncogenic MSI2 via overediting the canonical miR-3144-3p, and the resultant ED_miR-3144-3p(3_A < G) simultaneously suppresses tumor suppressor SLC38A4, thereby contributing to hepatocellular carcinogenesis.
Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids affect longevity, heat tolerance, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial membrane potential in Daphnia.
Authors: Yampolsky Lev Y. , Moore Taraysha D , Martin-Creuzburg Dominik 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The dietary supply with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) crucially affects animals’ performance at different temperatures. However, the underlying physiological mechanisms are still insufficiently understood. Here, we analyzed lifespan and heat tolerance of four genotypes of Daphnia magna reared on either the green alga Scenedesmus obliquus that lacks long-chain (>C18) PUFA, or a the heterokont alga Nannochloropsis limnetica that contains C20 PUFA, both either at saturating and near-starvation levels. A significant genotype-by-diet interaction in lifespan was observed at saturating diets, the C20 PUFA-rich diet eliminating differences in lifespan among genotypes observed on the PUFA-deficient diet. Corrected for body length, acute heat tolerance was higher at low than at high food concentration, except for the youngest ages. Genotypes differed significantly in heat tolerance, but there was no genotype-by-diet interactions. As predicted, the C20 PUFA-rich diet resulted in higher lipid peroxidation (LPO) and a lower mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and LPO levels averaged across clones and rearing conditions were inversely related to acute heat tolerance. Yet, heat tolerance was higher on the PUFA-rich diet than on the PUFA-deficient diet, particularly in older Daphnia , indicating that the C20 PUFA-rich diet allowed Daphnia to compensate for higher LPO. In contrast, Daphnia with intermediate levels of ΔΨm showed the lowest heat tolerance. Neither LPO nor ΔΨm explained the diet effects on lifespan. We hypothesize that antioxidants present in the PUFA-rich diet may have enabled higher heat tolerance of Daphnia despite higher LPO and may also explain the lifespan expansion of otherwise short-lived genotypes.
Factors associated with recent and regular non-use of dental services by students from a university in southeastern Brazil: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Cunha Rafaela de Oliveira , Leite Isabel Cristina Gonçalves 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Lack of use of dental services can be a risk factor for oral health. In addition to recent visits to dental services, it is important to assess the regularity of use of these services, as well as the motivations for visiting the dentist. There is a gap in literature studies on the patterns of use of oral health services by the young university students. The goal of this study was to assess the factors associated with recent and regular non-use of dental services by young university students, using the Andersen model as a reference.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study with 477 university students between 18 and 24 years old, carried out as a web survey, through which predisposing, enabling and need variables were collected, according to the model proposed by Andersen, to test the factors associated with recent and regular non-use of dental services. Bivariate analyses and robust Poisson regression were performed, with estimation of crude and adjusted prevalence ratios, using confidence intervals of 95%. The variables with p < 0.05 remained in the final model.
Results
The prevalence of recent non-use was of 19.5% (95%CI 16.0–23.3%), and of regular non-use, of 53.5% (95%CI 48.9–58.0%). After the adjusted analysis, the following were found to be associated with the outcome of recent non-use: type of service used (PR = 0.91; 95%CI 0.85–0.98) and perceived need for dental treatment (PR = 0.98; 95%CI 0.97–0.99); and the following variables were associated with regular non-use: father’s level of education (PR = 0.86; 95%CI 0.78–0.96), area of study (PR = 1.08; 95%CI 1.02–1.15), reason for last dental appointment (PR = 0.81; 95%CI 0.75–0.88), use of dental services throughout childhood (PR = 0.92; 95%CI 0.86–0.97), self-perceived oral health (PR = 0.86; 95%CI 0.76–0.88), and toothaches over the last 2 years (PR = 0.93; 95%CI 0.87–0.99).
Conclusions
The motivation for young university students to use dental services are curative treatment needs, not prevention. The results point to the need to implement health prevention and promotion policies in higher education institutions and to expand access to dental services for this young population.
Distribution of upper gastro-intestinal pathology by endoscopic evaluation and assessment of H. pylori colonization in malnourished Bangladeshi population: A descriptive study
Authors: Hossain Md. Shabab , Rahman M Masudur , Mazumder Ramendra Nath , Sarker Shafiqul Alam , Mahfuz Mustafa , Ahmed Tahmeed 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background

There is paucity of knowledge on the macroscopic appearance of the gut in malnourished adults. Such data is strikingly lacking in chronic malnourished children aged between 12–24 months. We, therefore, aimed to explore the upper-gastrointestinal (UGI) pathology in both this population, compare differences and evaluate H.pylori colonization in the malnourished adult gut.

Methods

Data was collected from the BEED (Bangladesh Environmental Enteric Dysfunction) study conducted in Dhaka, Bangladesh. To address the association of environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) with childhood stunting and adult malnutrition, UGI endoscopy was performed in 120 children (60 stunted, length-for-age Z-scores [LAZ]<-2 and 60 at risk of stunting, LAZ <-1 to -2) and 58 malnourished adults (body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2). Presence of pathologies during endoscopy was noted, Rapid Urease Test (RUT) was done on biopsies obtained from distal antrum of adults, clinical features of dyspepsia was recorded, and stool for H. pylori antigen (HpSA) using ELISA was tested. RUT positive dyspeptic patients were treated with 14-day Clarithromycin based triple therapy. Correlation between the findings was analyzed.

Results

The mean age of the children was 18 ± 2 months and that of adults was 25 ± 7 years. Of the 120 children, only one child revealed lymphoid hyperplasia at the second part of duodenum, while the others had normal findings in upper GI endoscopy. More than half of the malnourished adults (55%) had normal findings, 10 (18%) had antral erosive gastritis, 6 (10%) had antral non-erosive gastritis, 6 (10%) had polyps and 2 (3%) had gastric ulcer. 25 (43%) of these adults had dyspeptic symptoms, 49 (85%) were HpSA positive and 48 (83%) were RUT positive. More than 90% of the RUT positive cases were dyspeptic (p < 0.05). A sub-analysis on the impact of triple therapy on RUT positive symptomatic patients showed, the erosive group responded better than the non-erosive group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Children irrespective of nutritional status exhibited normal UGI endoscopy findings; however, malnourished adults were often diagnosed with abnormal GI findings, antral gastritis being the most prevalent pathology. Erosive gastritis responded significantly better to triple therapy. Both RUT and HpSA yielded significantly similar results in detecting H.pylori infection.
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02812615 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=NCT02812615&term=&cntry=&state=&city=&dist=)
Date of first registration: 24/06/2016
Networks in Japanese Regional Agro-food Economies: An Empirical Exploration of the Network Linkage Model
Authors: Ishikawa Kiyotaka 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Network linkage is important in evaluating macroeconomic performance since input‒output networks across industries are asymmetric and respond differently to external shocks. While most studies implicitly assume elastic substitution between intermediates and factors using Cobb‒Douglas models, this is often improbable since the input‒output structure may change due to the shocks, which would be observed as nonlinearities in macroeconomic impacts on sectoral shocks. Additionally, considering regionally located sectors such as the agriculture and food-processing industries, the propagation of sectoral shocks can be interregionally correlated. This study employs the network linkage model to empirically verify the interaction of agro-food sectoral shocks in regional outcomes. By comparing the network effects influencing the national economy and regional economy, the superiority of considering intraregional networks among agro-food sectors is empirically verified, which means that productivity shocks arising in these industries propagate more within their own region.
Obesity as a Modifying Factor of Periodontal Therapy Outcomes: Local and Systemic Adipocytokines and Oxidative Stress Markers
Authors: Toy Vesile Elif , Ataoglu Tamer , Eltas Abubekir , Otlu Husniye Gul , Karabulut Aysun Bay 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Adipocytokines and oxidative stress (OS) are involved in the pathogenesis of both obesity and periodontitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate periodontal therapy outcomes in terms of serum and gingival crevicular ﬂuid (GCF) levels of adipocytokines and OS markers in obese patients with periodontitis, in order to have an insight into the association between obesity and periodontitis.
Materials and Methods: A total of 39 patients (20 obese, 19 non-obese) with periodontitis were included in this study. Clinical periodontal parameters were assessed; serum and GCF levels of adipocytokines and OS markers were evaluated by ELISA at baseline and 3 months after non-surgical periodontal therapy.
Results: Significant improvements in clinical periodontal parameters were observed in both groups at 3 months (p<0.01). While serum levels of TNF-α, leptin, and total oxidant status (TOS) in the obese group were higher at baseline (p<0.01), leptin levels remained higher at 3 months despite a significant decrease (p<0.01). Although NSPT improved GCF levels of total antioxidant status (TAS) and TOS in both groups, they were significantly different between the groups after therapy (p<0.05).
Conclusions:It seems that leptin, TNF-α, and TOS contribute to systemic inflammatory and oxidative statein patients with obesity. Despite improvements in clinical periodontal parameters, obesity might be a modulating factor in the development and progression of periodontal disease in terms of some adipocytokines and OS markers.
Clinical Relevance: Since the global burden of both obesity and periodontitis is continuously increasing, the management of these inflammatory diseases has become more important. The current study contributes to our understanding of the role of OS and adipocytokines on the relationship between obesity and periodontitis by response to periodontal treatment.
A probiotic bi-functional peptidoglycan hydrolase sheds NOD2 ligands to regulate gut homeostasis
Authors: Gao Jie , wang lei , Jiang Jing , Zeng Nianyi , Lu Bingyun , Sun Kai , Zhou Hongwei , He Xiaolong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The secreted protein is one of the direct molecular mechanisms by which microbiota influence the host, thus constituting a promising field for drug discovery. Here, through bioinformatics-guided screening of the secretome of clinically established probiotics from Lactobacillus, an uncharacterized secreted protein (named LPH here) shared by most of these probiotic strains (8/10) was identified and proved to protect mice from colitis in multiple models. Functional studies showed LPH is a bi-functional peptidoglycan hydrolase (PGH) with both N-Acetyl-β-D-muramidase and DL-endopeptidase activities that could generate muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a NOD2 ligand with high efficiency. Different active site mutants of LPH in combination with Nod2 knockout mice confirmed that LPH exerts colitis-protective effects through MDP-NOD2 signaling. Furthermore, we validated that LPH could also exert protective effects on other NOD2-associated diseases such as colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Our study provides a new probiotic enzyme to efficiently enhance the NOD2 signaling in vivo and reveals a molecular mechanism of traditional probiotics.
Sea ice and oxygen
Authors: Hambler Clive 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
1) Atmospheric oxygen cycles on a seasonal basis, as does carbon dioxide.

2) Photosynthesis is likely contributing to these cycles, but the dominant spatial regions are unknown and the contribution of marine plankton has been assumed to be small.

3) Since the cyclic rate of change of carbon dioxide is very highly correlated with that of sea ice, I predict the cyclic rate of change of oxygen will also be, at least at high latitudes.

4) I test and confirm the prediction that seasonal sea ice and oxygen rates are highly coherent at high latitudes, with peak oxygen emission in months of peak rates of sea ice loss within each Hemisphere.

5) No stronger similarity has yet been found between seasonal changes in oxygen and terrestrial productivity (NDVI), but much more detailed comparison is required.

6) These results are consistent with a hypothesised major influence of Arctic plankton in the seasonality of 'global' oxygen levels.

7) Air temperature near the Poles is very closely synchronized with the seasonal rate of change of oxygen at high latitudes.

8) Determining causality requires far more observations and experimentation.

9) These results provide further evidence that polar phenomena have been neglected in studies of the oxygen and carbon cycles and are consistent with a proposed major role of high latitudes in these cycles.
Corneal foreign bodies: are antiseptics and antibiotics equally effective?
Authors: Rebattu Benjamin , BAILLIF Stephanie , Ferrete Thierry , Risso Karine , Rabot Alexandra , Babeau Fanny , Nahon-Esteve Sacha , MARTEL Arnaud 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the effect of antiseptics and antibiotics on the occurrence of Infectious Keratitis (IK) secondary to Corneal Foreign Body (CFB) removal.
Methods
Multicenter retrospective study conducted between June 2020 and June 2022 in patients referred for CFBs and treated with Picloxydine (Group 1) or Tobramycin (Group 2) for 7 days. A follow-up visit was scheduled on Day 3 (D3) and a phone call on D30. The primary outcome measure was the occurrence of IK.
Results
307 patients (300 men) with a mean age of 42.8 (14.8) years were included. The mean (SD) time to consultation was 43.1 (45.6) hours. Picloxydine and Tobramycin were given to 155 and 152 patients. Half of patients (n = 154, 50.2%) were building workers and 209 (68.1%) did not wear eye protections. CFBs were mainly metallic (n = 292, 95.1%). Upon referral, rust was found in 220 patients (72.1%). A burr was used in 119 (38.9%) patients. IK occurred in 15 (4.9%) patients, 8 (5.3%) in Group 1 and 7 (4.5%) in Group 2 (p = 0.797). IK was successfully treated in all cases. Persistent rust was found in 113 patients (36.9%) on D3 without difference between burr or needle use (p = 0.278). On D3, corneal healing was delayed in 154 patients (47.2%), mainly in burr-treated patients (p = 0.003). The mean (SD) work stoppage duration was 0.32 (0.98) days.
Conclusion
IK rate was 4.9%. The efficacy of antibiotics and antiseptics was similar on CFB removal. Using a burr was associated with a longer healing time. CFBs had a limited social impact.