bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation of drop deformation under simple shear flow of Giesekus fluids by SPH
Authors: Moinfar Zahra , Vahabi Shahed , Vahabi Mohammad 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the shear-thinning viscoelastic behavior of the surrounding matrix on droplet deformation by weakly compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (WC-SPH). Also, the effect of the presence of another droplet is examined.Design/methodology/approachA modified consistent weakly compressible SPH method is proposed. After code verification, a complete parameter study is performed for a drop under the simple shear flow of a Giesekus liquid. The investigated parameters are 0.048≤Ca ≤ 14.4, 0.1≤c ≤ 10, 0.04≤De ≤ 10, 0≤α ≤ 1 and 0.12≤Re ≤ 12.FindingsIt is demonstrated that the rheological behavior of the surrounding fluid could dramatically affect the droplet deformation. It is shown that the droplet deformation is increased by increasing Re and Ca. In contrast, the droplet deformation is decreased by increasing a, De and polymer content. Also, it is indicated the presence of another droplet could drastically affect the flow field, and the primary stress difference (N1) is resonated between two droplets.Originality/valueThe main originality of this paper is to introduce a new consistent WC-SPH algorithm. The proposed method is very versatile for tackling the shear-thinning viscoelastic multiphase problems. Furthermore, a complete parameter study is performed for a drop under the simple shear flow of Giesekus liquid. Another novelty of the current paper is studying the effect of the presence of a second droplet. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is performed for the first time.
A novel trussed fin-and-elliptical tube heat exchanger with periodic cellular lattice structures
Authors: Lotfi Babak , Sunden Bengt Ake 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThis study aims to computational numerical simulations to clarify and explore the influences of periodic cellular lattice (PCL) morphological parameters – such as lattice structure topology (simple cubic, body-centered cubic, z-reinforced body-centered cubic [BCCZ], face-centered cubic and z-reinforced face-centered cubic [FCCZ] lattice structures) and porosity value ( ) – on the thermal-hydraulic characteristics of the novel trussed fin-and-elliptical tube heat exchanger (FETHX), which has led to a deeper understanding of the superior heat transfer enhancement ability of the PCL structure.Design/methodology/approachA three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is proposed in this paper to provide better understanding of the fluid flow and heat transfer behavior of the PCL structures in the trussed FETHXs associated with different structure topologies and high-porosities. The flow governing equations of the trussed FETHX are solved by the CFD software ANSYS CFX® and use the Menter SST turbulence model to accurately predict flow characteristics in the fluid flow region.FindingsThe thermal-hydraulic performance benchmarks analysis – such as field synergy performance and performance evaluation criteria – conducted during this research successfully identified demonstrates that if the high porosity of all PCL structures decrease to 92%, the best thermal-hydraulic performance is provided. Overall, according to the obtained outcomes, the trussed FETHX with the advantages of using BCCZ lattice structure at 92% porosity presents good thermal-hydraulic performance enhancement among all the investigated PCL structures.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is one of the first in the literature that provides thorough thermal-hydraulic characteristics of a novel trussed FETHX with high-porosity PCL structures.
A contextual understanding of diaspora entrepreneurship: identity, opportunity and resources in the Sri Lankan Tamil and Kurdish diasporas
Authors: Syrett Stephen , Keles Janroj Yilmaz 
Published: October 2022

PurposeWithin the growing study of transnational entrepreneurial practice, existing conceptualisation of diaspora entrepreneurship has often lacked engagement with the particularities of the diaspora condition. This paper seeks to advance theoretical understanding and empirical study of diaspora entrepreneurship through identifying the processes that generate diaspora entrepreneurship across economic, social and political spheres.Design/methodology/approachTo analyse the relationship between the development of venture activity and diaspora (re)production, in depth, qualitative biographical analysis was undertaken with UK-based diaspora entrepreneurs embedded within the particular contexts of the Sri Lankan Tamil and Kurdish diasporas. Skilled and active diaspora entrepreneurs were purposively selected from these extreme case contexts to explore their entrepreneurial agency within and across the business, social and political realms.FindingsResults identified key dimensions shaping the development of diaspora entrepreneurship. These comprised the role of diaspora context in shaping opportunity frameworks and the mobilisation of available resources, and how venture activity served to sustain collective diaspora identity and address diaspora interests. These findings are used to produce an analytical model of the generation of diaspora entrepreneurship to serve as a basis for discussing how heterogeneous and hybrid entrepreneurial strategies emerge from and shape the evolving diaspora context.Originality/valueBy placing the reproduction of social collectivity centre-stage, this paper identifies the particularities of diaspora entrepreneurship as a form of transnational entrepreneurship. This recognizes the significance of a contextualised understanding of entrepreneurial diversity within wider processes of diaspora development, which has important implications for policy and practice development in homeland and settlement areas.
Construing travelers’ choice on peer-to-peer accommodation-sharing platform: an investigation into cultural identity and accommodation type
Authors: Hou Tingting , Fu Shixuan , Cao Yichen , Zheng Xiaojiang , Yu Jianhua (Jordan) 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThis research is motivated by the increasing need for international interactions during the gradual recovery of the tourism industry. By recognizing the paucity of research on cultural closeness and accommodation categories, this research aims to illuminate the influencing mechanisms of psychological closeness and travelers’ willingness to book an accommodation-sharing property while booking an accommodation.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ a mixed-methods approach, including an experiment and semistructured interviews.FindingsResults show that hosts’ higher cultural identity congruence leads to travelers’ higher willingness to book an accommodation-sharing property. Psychological closeness mediates the positive effect of cultural identity congruence on travelers’ willingness to book. The authors further explore the moderating role of room types (entire room vs. private room) and find that the mediation effect is stronger for booking an entire room.Originality/valueThe current research underlines the importance of cultural identity congruence and accommodation type on travelers’ willingness to book an accommodation-sharing property and psychological closeness.
How can the subjective well-being of nurses be predicted? Understanding the mediating effect of psychological distress, psychological resilience and emotional exhaustion
Authors: Anasori Elham , Kucukergin Kemal Gurkan , Soliman Mohammad , Tulucu Fadime , Altinay Levent 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the relationships among work–family conflict (WFC), cognitive regulation, psychological resilience (PR), psychological distress (PD), emotional exhaustion (EE) and subjective well-being (SWB) in a very complex model based on job demands–resources. Also, mediator roles of PD, PR and EE are analyzed.Design/methodology/approachData for the study were collected from 158 full-time nurses working in two hospitals in North Cyprus. Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the model.FindingsThe authors’ findings reveal that cognitive emotion regulation reduces employees' WFC. WFC also has a negative effect on employees' SWB directly and through the mediating role of EE. However, the role of PR in the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation and PD was not significant.Originality/valueThe study adds the original views for hospitals and service providers to recognize the factors which exert detrimental effects on employees' mental health and also the factors which help them to tackle the harsh situation specifically in the time of crisis. Theoretical and practical implications are provided in the study.
G-code generation in a NURBS workflow for precise additive manufacturing
Authors: Chacón Jesús Miguel , Sánchez-Reyes Javier , Vallejo Javier , Núñez Pedro José 
Published: October 2022

Purpose
Non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBSs) are the de facto standard for representing objects in computer-aided design (CAD). The purpose of this paper is to discuss how to stick to this standard in all phases of the additive manufacturing (AM) workflow, from the CAD object to the final G-code, bypassing unnecessary polygonal approximations.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use a commercial CAD system (Rhino3D along with its programming environment Grasshopper) for direct slicing of the model, offset generation and trimming. Circular arcs are represented as quadratic NURBSs and free-form geometry as quadratic or cubic polynomial B-splines. Therefore, circular arcs are directly expressible as G2/G3 G-code commands, whereas free-form paths are rewritten as a succession of cubic Bézier curves, thereby admitting exact translation into G5 commands, available in firmware for AM controllers, such as Marlin.

Findings
Experimental results of this paper confirm a considerable improvement in quality over the standard AM workflow, consisting of an initial polygonization of the object (e.g. via standard tessellation language), slicing this polygonal approximation, offsetting the polygonal sections and, finally, generating G-code made up of polyline trajectories (G1 commands).

Originality/value
A streamlined AM workflow is obtained, with a seamless transfer from the initial CAD description to the final G-code. By adhering to the NURBS standard at all steps, the authors avoid multiple representations and associated errors resulting from approximations.
Are families supported to come to terms with an autism diagnosis? A service evaluation of referrals to family therapy for young people with autism in one NHS trust
Authors: Burton Lauren , Fox Claudine 
Published: October 2022

AbstractYoung people with autism are increasingly being referred for family therapy (FT) owing to impaired family functioning, but few studies have investigated the support families receive following a diagnosis through specific NHS Trusts. This study examined (1) the proportion of autism cases referred for FT in one Trust and (2) the post‐diagnostic support families received. Participants (n = 144; 9.5–19.3 years) were FT referrals between 2019–2020. Autism diagnostic status and the support families received from FT, from the neurodevelopmental (ND) service which specialises in autism, and for co‐occurring conditions [e.g., cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)] was extracted retrospectively from routine data. Forty FT referrals met autism criteria: several families did not receive FT; few were provided with support from the ND service; and if CBT was offered, no adaptations for autism were noted. Families received insufficient support following a diagnosis through this Trust. Implications include improving post‐diagnostic support for families in practice.
Construction and comprehensive analysis of the biological network related to rheumatoid arthritis‐related interstitial lung disease
Authors: Zhou Wei , Ma Xianghui , Jia Xiaodong , Zheng Juan , Yan Lili , Fu Yanfa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveInterstitial lung disease (ILD) is a severe manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which is characterized by low survival time post‐diagnosis. Thus, it is important to explore the role of gene regulation related with ILD.MethodConstructed a RA‐ILD‐related long chain noncoding RNA – messenger RNA (lncRNA‐mRNA) network (ILD‐LMN), based on ILD‐ and RA‐related genes. We analyzed the topological properties of the resulting network.ResultThe results for network modularization and functional analysis showed that ILD‐LMN performed basic and specific functions in ILD pathology. Furthermore, differential expression and correlation analysis of hub nodes revealed highly correlated competitive endogenous RNA regulatory relationships with important roles in pathological regulation. Following this, statistical analysis of disease‐related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in hub lncRNAs revealed that some of transcription factor‐related SNPs were significantly associated with the expression of lncRNA. In fact, these SNPs exhibited significant differential expression in disease and normal samples.ConclusionThese results suggest that ILD‐LMN has important implications in the study of disease. Altogether, the study of RA‐ and ILD‐related lncRNA and genes on the basis of biological network would assist in providing better treatment opportunities for ILD patients. Additionally, it would promote further research on treatment of the disease.
Thromboembolic and bleeding events in ICU patients with COVID‐19: A nationwide, observational study
Authors: Russell Lene , Weihe Sarah , Madsen Emilie Kabel , Hvas Christine Lodberg , Leistner Jens Wolfgang , Michelsen Jens , Brøchner Anne Craveiro , Bastiansen Anders , Nielsen Frederik Mølgaard , Meier Nick , Andreasen Anne Sofie , Ribergaard Niels‐Erik , Rasmussen Bodil Steen , Sølling Christoffer Grant , Buck David Levarett , Bundgaard Helle , Pedersen Helle Scharling , Darfelt Iben Strøm , Poulsen Lone Musaeus , Ibsen Michael , Plovsing Ronni R. , Sigurdsson Sigurdur T. , Iversen Susanne , Hildebrandt Thomas , Mohr Thomas , Espelund Ulrick Skipper , Jørgensen Vibeke , Haase Nicolai , Perner Anders 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntensive care unit (ICU) patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) have an increased risk of thromboembolic complications. We describe the occurrence of thromboembolic and bleeding events in all ICU patients with COVID‐19 in Denmark during the first and second waves of the pandemic.MethodsThis was a sub‐study of the Danish Intensive Care Covid database, in which all patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 admitted to Danish ICUs from 10th March 2020 to 30th June 2021 were included. We registered coagulation variables at admission, and all thromboembolic and bleeding events, and the use of heparins during ICU stay. Variables associated with thrombosis and bleeding and any association with 90‐day mortality were estimated using Cox regression analyses.ResultsWe included 1369 patients in this sub‐study; 158 (12%, 95% confidence interval 10–13) had a thromboembolic event in ICU and 309 (23%, 20–25) had a bleeding event, among whom 81 patients (6%, 4.8–7.3) had major bleeding. We found that mechanical ventilation and increased D‐dimer were associated with thrombosis and mechanical ventilation, low platelet count and presence of haematological malignancy were associated with bleeding. Most patients (76%) received increased doses of thromboprophylaxis during their ICU stay. Thromboembolic events were not associated with mortality in adjusted analysis (hazard ratio 1.35 [0.91–2.01, p = .14], whereas bleeding events were 1.55 [1.18–2.05, p = .002]).ConclusionsBoth thromboembolic and bleeding events frequently occurred in ICU patients with COVID‐19. Based on these data, it is not apparent that increased doses of thromboprophylaxis were beneficial.
Glycemic control and blood gas sampling frequency during continuous glucose monitoring in the intensive care unit: A before‐and‐after study
Authors: Mårtensson Johan , Cutuli Salvatore , Yanase Fumitaka , Ancona Paolo , Toh Lisa , Osawa Eduardo , Bellomo Rinaldo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhether subcutaneous continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) can safely replace intermittent arterial blood gas glucose analyses in intensive care unit (ICU) patients remains uncertain. We aimed to compare CGM to blood gas glucose values and assess whether CGM use reduces blood gas sampling frequency and glucose variability in ICU patients with type 2 diabetes managed with liberal glucose control.MethodsWe used the FreeStyle Libre CGM in 15 ICU patients and compared their blood glucose metrics with a pre‐CGM control population of 105 ICU patients with type 2 diabetes. Both groups received insulin to target glucose range of 10–14 mmol/L. We used linear regression analysis adjusted for illness severity to assess the association of CGM use with blood gas sampling frequency and glucose variability. We used mean absolute relative difference (MARD) and Clarke error grid analysis to assess accuracy of matched CGM‐blood glucose values overall, across glucose stata (<10, 10–14, >14 mmol/L), and over time (≤48, 48–96, >96 h).ResultsWe analyzed 483 matched glucose values. Overall MARD was 11.5 (95% CI, 10.7–12.3)% with 99% of readings in Clarke zones A and B. MARD was 15.5% for glucose values <10 mmol/L, 11.1% at 10–14 mmol/L, and 11.4% >14 mmol/L. MARD was 13.8% in the first 48 h, 10.9% at 48–96 h, and 8.9% beyond 96 h. CGM use was associated with 30% reduction in blood gas sampling frequency. CGM use was not associated with glucose variability as determined by glycemic lability index or standard deviation of blood glucose.ConclusionsIn our cohort of ICU patients with type 2 diabetes receiving liberal glycemic control, CGM showed acceptable accuracy and was associated with a reduction in blood gas sampling frequency without compromising glucose control. Lowest accuracy was observed at glucose values below 10 mmol/L and during the first 48 h of CGM use.
Who are the patients who deny suicidal intent? Exploring patients' characteristics associated with self‐disclosure and denial of suicidal intent
Authors: Bloch‐Elkouby Sarah , Zilcha‐Mano Sigal , Rogers Megan L. , Park Ji Yoon , Manlongat Katherine , Krumerman Mia , Galynker Igor 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients' non‐disclosure of suicidal ideation and intent concealment represent a major obstacle to the effective assessment of suicide risk and to the delivery of suicide prevention treatments. The present study aimed to investigate this phenomenon and to assess (1) if outpatient psychiatric patients are more or less likely to disclose intent to mental health clinicians in the context of psychiatric/psychological treatment than they are to in the context of research interviews with non‐clinicians; and (2) if certain demographic, trait‐like, and state‐like characteristics may predict such disclosure differences.MethodsA total of 780 psychiatric outpatient participants aged 18 to 84 and 193 clinician participants aged 25 to 54 were included in the study. The proportion of patients who disclosed to clinicians only, to research assistants (RAs) only, to both, and to none, was compared using a z‐test. Univariate analyses were used to compare the participants' variables across disclosure groups, and significant individual predictors were included in multilevel regression analyses.ResultsParticipants were more significantly more likely to disclose to RAs (10.4%) than to clinicians (5.6%), p < 0.001. Neuroticism and trait anxiety predicted disclosure to RAs vs no disclosure; low extraversion predicted disclosure to clinician versus no disclosure; and extraversion and trait anxiety predicted disclosure to RAs versus to clinicians.DiscussionPatients' disclosure patterns, the personality variables predicting them, and their clinical implications were discussed in the context of the extant literature on patients' reasons for concealing suicidal ideation and intent.
Cascading effects of social dynamics on the reproduction, survival, and population growth of mountain gorillas
Authors: Morrison R. E. , Hirwa J. P. , Ndagijimana F. , Vecellio V. , Eckardt W. , Stoinski T. S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhilst the conservation impacts of density‐dependent population effects have been well studied, the impact that socially‐driven changes (e.g. group fissions that increase group density) can have on population growth in social species have only recently come to light. An increase in group density and intergroup encounters in a subpopulation of mountain gorillas Gorilla beringei beringei was shown to have driven a more than fourfold increase in infanticide, slowing population growth. In this study, we delve deeper into the consequences of these socially‐driven changes in group density, examining how patterns of reproduction and survival have changed in this subpopulation across more than 50 years. We show that adult female survival increased with strengthening conservation efforts early in the study, then remained stable, while age at first birth remained stable across the entire study. Interbirth intervals and female reproductive success did not vary significantly across time overall. However, socially‐driven increases in group density since the mid‐2000s appear to have had a cascade of effects. In addition to the increase in infant and adult male mortality from violence during intergroup encounters, higher encounter rates, and mortality were likely responsible for an increase in female transfers, which delayed reproduction. Females faced a 7.5‐month delay when transferring once and a 1.5‐year delay when transferring twice or more between births. We show these changes correspond with a 26.63% reduction in female reproductive success in 2007 to 2018, compared to 1994 to 2006, with females taking more than 2 years longer to produce an offspring that survived infancy. These findings demonstrate that social dynamics can have consequences for population growth beyond the immediate mortality effects of violent encounters. This further highlights the critical importance of social dynamics in the conservation of social species, particularly when populations are restricted to small or fragmented regions of habitat.
Benefits of skin application of piceatannol—A minireview
Authors: Krambeck Karolline , Santos Delfim , Sousa Lobo José M. , Amaral Maria Helena 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe skin is the largest organ of the human body and has several functions such as barrier against external agents, the maintenance of temperature and homeostatic functions. Skin ageing is a natural process that can be influenced by environmental factors, intrinsic skin factors and lifestyle. UV light plays an important role in skin ageing and can cause spots, requiring the use of depigmenting agents. Nowadays, there is a great demand for ingredients that prevent skin ageing, with natural agents occupying a promising position. Among the natural agents, polyphenols, such as resveratrol and piceatannol, found in grapes, passion fruits and other fruits, have a huge relevance. Great benefits of piceatannol have been reported, so thus, this work focuses specifically on a review of the literature regarding the application of this polyphenol in skin care products. This polyphenol can be used in a wound‐healing, or as anti‐ageing, antioxidant, anti‐acne and skin whitening, among other effects.