bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Phosphate Adsorption Using Ferrihydrite With Diffusive Gradient in Thin Films Method
Authors: Khairuddin  , Ruslan  , Andarini Nindya , Oktriviani Widyastuti , Toda’a Meiva , Kaope Van Hindersen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The high input of phosphate into the aquatic system results in eutrophication which leads to algae blooming. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the concentrations of phosphate pollutants that occur in surface waters. Conventional analysis techniques so far only provide an overview of the pollution situation through instant sampling, so it may not represent the current water conditions. Pollutant concentrations fluctuate due to dynamic interactions of phosphate species in natural systems, hence species concentrations may change during sample storage, making accurate analysis difficult unless performed in situ. In this study, the Diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) method was investigated using a ferrihydrite binding gel assembly on a polyacrylamide gel sheet. The ferrihydrite gel was eluted using 0.25 N H2SO4 to release the adsorbed phosphate. The performance test of the method on the absorption of phosphate by ferrihydrite was assessed by testing the effect of pH, contact time, and variation of initial concentration. Determination of the concentration of adsorbed phosphate using the phosphomolidenium blue method with a UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. Characterization of functional groups in polyacrylamide diffusing gel and ferrihydrite adsorbent gel using Fourier Transform Infra Red while the surface morphology of each gel was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in cocoa plantation affected by different elevations and soil physical-chemical properties
Authors: Edy N , Zakaria E , Anshary A , Saleh S , Lapanjang I , Barus HN , Lakani I 
Published: December 2022

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) play an essential role in various agroecosystems since they build symbiosis mutualism with plants. Understanding the differences in the distribution and diversity of AMF in cocoa plants with different elevations is important to explore the bio-ecological aspects of AMF. This study examined the differences in the number and types of AMF spores in cocoa plantations at three different elevations: <500, >500-1000, and >1000 masl. Environmental factors such as the physical and chemical properties of the soil were also investigated. This study found that the number of AMF spores was higher in the lowlands (<500 masl) than in the highlands. Rarefaction curves show that all soil samples taken are adequate for diversity analysis. Multivariate analysis with NMDS followed by the goodness of fit statistical test using the Bray Curtis method showed that a clear distribution pattern in the AMF community structure was significantly influenced by chemical and physical factors of the soil in the form of phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium, total nitrogen, clay, and soil texture.
Liveweight gain, change in body dimension and condition score of Donggala bulls fed corn stover supplemented with different tree legume leaves
Authors: Marsetyo  , Rusiyantono Y , Sulendre I W 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
An experiment was done to examine the effect of the addition of different legume leaves on live weight gain, change in body dimension, and condition score of Donggala bulls fed corn stover (CS). Twenty-eight Donggala bulls (initial body weight (BW) 179.48±3.66 kg) were blocked by BW in a randomized complete block design with 4 treatments and 7 replicates. The treatments were CS ad libitum, CS plus Desmanthus virgatus (CSD), CS plus Gliricidia sepium (CSG), and CS plus Leucaena leucocephala (CSL). All supplements were offered at level 1% BW dry matter (DM)/day. The experiment was run for 16 weeks, with 2 and 14 weeks for the introduction and measurement period, respectively. The parameters observed include average daily live weight gain (ADG), wither height, heart girth, body length, and body condition score (BCS). It was observed that the addition of different tree legumes leaves lifted up significantly (P<0.05) ADG, change in heart girth, BCS but did not affect significantly (P>0.05) change of wither height and body length of Donggala bulls fed CS. The addition of Leucaena resulted in the highest increase (P<0.05) in ADG, change of heart girth, and BCS. It was concluded that supplementation of tree legume leaves increased the growth performance of Donggala bulls fed CS.
The Addition of Seaweed Extract (Sargassum sp) as Fertilizer on Culture Media on The Total Density of Skeletonema costatum Cells
Authors: Nasmia  , Binangkari Kusmadi L. , Rusaini  , Rosyida Eka , Nurdin Muh. Saleh , Yala Zakirah Raihani 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Microalgae Skeletonema costatum is a natural food that contains nutrients needed for aquaculture. Seaweed contains several nutrients and has body regulatory substances, namely auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin which are useful for increasing the growth of microalgae cells, including S. costatum. The study aims to examine the addition of Sargassum sp. on culture media on cell density of S. costatum. The benefit of this study is to obtain scientific information regarding the addition of Sargassum sp., thus, it can be a natural fertilizer that can be used in the economical cultivation of S. costatum. This study consisted of 5 treatments, namely the concentration of Sargassum sp. extract in media (control) 0 mg/500 mL, 25 mg/500 mL, 50 mg/500 mL, 75 mg/500 mL and a concentration of 100 mg/500 mL, these treatments were repeated three times. S. costatum cell density was checked every 6 hours. The results showed that the use of extracts of Sargassum sp. 100 mg/500 mL had the highest cell density of S. costatum (2.08×107 cells/mL), followed by 75 mg/500 mL (2.00×107 cells/mL), 50 mg/500 mL (1.99×107 cells/mL, 25 mg/500 mL (1.97×107 cells/mL), and 0 mg/500 mL (1.05×107 cells/mL).
Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in smokers
Authors: Harun H , Ismail J G , Anwar S , Rupawan I K 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Smoking is a severe health problem. Smoking has been shown to increase the risk of systemic inflammation. Neutophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is used as a marker of systemic inflammation and monitors prognosis, morbidity, and mortality in many diseases. This study aimed to analyze NLR in smokers. This is an observational analytic study conducted at Tadulako University, Palu. A total of 48 subjects consisted of 24 active smokers and 24 non-smokers. Subjects were given a questionnaire containing a history of the disease, smoking status, and the number of cigarettes consumed per day. Blood samples were also taken for hematological examination. NLR of the subjects was then compared with the appropriate statistical test. The NLR in the smoker’s group was 1.54 ± 0.81 and in the non-smoker’s group 1.87 ± 1.76. This NLR was not significantly different between smokers and non-smokers, with a p-value of 0.578. Most of the smoking subjects are light and moderate smokers, and it is possible that this condition has not been able to cause a significant increase in systemic inflammation.
Optimum conditions for bioadsorption of lead (Pb) by durian skin waste biomass (duriobzibethinus)
Authors: Aminah S , Said I , Ningsih P , Alfiana A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to figure out what the optimum conditions are for durian skin biomass to absorb Pb from its solution. The optimum conditions were determined by determining the optimal weight, pH for biosorption, contact time for lead biosorption, and initial concentration. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) was used to determine the adsorbed analyte. The durian skin used in this study came from local durian skin waste in the Parigi district of Central Sulawesi. The weight of the adsorbent was varied between 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 mg. The contact time was varied between 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 minutes. The pH was varied between 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, and the concentration was varied between 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 ppm to determine the optimum conditions for Pb adsorption. The results showed that the optimum conditions for biosorption of durian peels were 120 mg with a 92.2 percent absorption capacity, 60 minutes of contact time with a 97.89% absorption capacity, pH 5 with a 99.81 percent absorption capacity, and a concentration of 50 ppm with a 99.59% absorption capacity.
Risk factors of chronic rhinitis in furniture workers of West Palu, Central Sulawesi.
Authors: Nayoan C R , Thalib A H Q 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Chronic Rhinitis is an inflammatory disease of the nose characterized by sneezing, snotty and nasal congestion, intermittently or persistently. The prevalence of rhinitis in the United Kingdom reaches 29%, in Indonesia is not known clearly. The types of work that cause rhinitis are chronic like farmers, laboratory workers, carpenters or painters, food industry workers and, health workers. Chronic Rhinitis can affect the quality of the worker’s life, and it can reduce work productivity Objective: To determine the risk factors for chronic rhinitis on the workers in wood furniture which was contacted by sawdust in the West Palu area Method: This study uses analytical research methods with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique is total sampling, and the total sample in this study is 27 workers. Results: The study showed a significant relationship with the incidence of rhinitis to the carpenters who work on wooden furniture in the western Palu on age (p = 0.027), duration of exposure (p = 0.041. There was no significant relationship between the use of PPE (p = 0.100) Conclusion: The factors that can influence the incidence of chronic rhinitis to furniture workers are age and duration of exposure
Effect of partial fly ash as cement substitute on the fracture toughness
Authors: Siregar A P N , Rivani A , Mellisa H , Aswin A , Karlina  
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The development of construction has an impact on recent innovations. An alternative material is needed to replace some cement by considering the fracture toughness to reduce the impact of failure on construction. One of them is fly ash. The fracture toughness (KIC) is the fracture of a material to evaluate the ability of constituents containing defects to resist fracture. Test specimens with dimensions of 50 × 100 × 350, 50 × 150 × 500, 50 × 300 × 650 and 50 × 400 × 1250. The addition of fly ash with levels of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% has an effect on the compressive strength, namely in the cement binding process so that at a certain percentage level it will increase the strength of the concrete and the condition of concrete collapse is affected by binding cement with reduced aggregate due to the addition of fly ash is evidenced by the type A, B, C and D specimens that have decreased in the addition of fly ash from 0% condition.
The Study of Liquefied Soil by Using Swedish Weight Sounding Test in Jono Oge Village, Sigi Regency
Authors: Setiawan Hendra , Ilaiya Ihzam , Oktaviana Ida Sri , Irdhiani  , Fadliah Iffah , Hasanah Yusfi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The liquefaction that occurred on September 28, 2018, caused a massive lateral spreading in certain areas. This study aims to determine and compare the properties of land affected and not affected by liquefaction based on the Swedish Weight Sounding test, as well as the potential for liquefaction at Jono Oge village. The results of this study indicate that the laboratory test results show that the dominant soil classification on the affected and the unaffected soil is poorly graded sand silt (SP-SM). Whereas the results of field testing showed that the Nsw value on the affected soil is in the range 3,33 n/m – 263,16 n/m, the Nsw value on the unaffected soil is in the range 10,00n/m – 357,14 n/m, the qa value on the affected land is in the range up to 240,53 kN/m2, the qa value on the unaffected land is in the range of up to 315,71 kN/m2, the qu value on the affected land is in the range of 2.25 kN/m2 – 247,37 kN/m2, the qu value of unaffected land is in the range of 2.25 kN/m2 – 312,86 kN/m2.
Potential of confine aquifer based on characteristics of the aquifer in phase IA Duyu permanent occupancy at Palu city Central Sulawesi Province
Authors: Ninasafitri  , Zeffitni  
Published: December 2022

Abstract
One of the government’s efforts towards post-disaster reconstruction in 2018 at Central Sulawesi, especially in Palu City, is to build a Phase IA Duyu Permanent Occupancy. This study aims to determine the potential for confine aquifer based on the aquifer characteristics for freshwater—analysis of aquifer characteristics based on survey results, pumping test data, and hydrochemical parameters. The results showed that the quantitative potential of confine aquifer based on SD-DTW-DY well data was in the medium to high potential class in the Pz3.D0.T0.Qs0.Q0.M1 units, with the distribution of aquifer characteristic values: permeability (K) 53.09 m/day, the piezometric depth is 12.15 m from ground level, the aquifer thickness is 76.32 m, and debit (Q) is 9.50 l/second. Spatially the distribution of aquifers in denudational hills and alluvial plains at the Pakuli Formation with SND-GRV and GRA-DIO lithology. The results of the hydrochemical quality are good quality classes, include: TDS 182.0 mg/l, pH 8.3, Fe 0.00 mg/l, Mn 0.00 mg/l, Cl 11.70 mg /l, SO4 12.90 mg/l, NO3 0.00 mg/l, and NO2 0.18 mg/l. Based on the results of the data analysis, the characteristics of the aquifer in the Duyu permanent occupancy area are classified as medium productive aquifers.
Architectural Model using Local Initiative of Kampung Lere Fishermen after the Tsunami Disaster
Authors: Bakri M , Amar  , Kasim A K , Khomaria S 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Kampung Lere is located in the earthquake and tsunami-prone route. It makes the area prone to earthquake-tsunami disasters, such as on September 28, 2018. Then, the government makes mitigation and conducts studies, also establishing spatial planning policies such as maps. Zoning of disaster-prone areas with the criteria of a red zone (not to be inhabited), a yellow zone, and a green zone. This condition then impacted the Lere fisherman community, which entered the red zone area. At the same time, many people were affected by the tsunami and did not want to move to permanent housing. The Lere fisherman community, after the tsunami, still choose a local initiative to manage space where they have occupied the area for generations. Detailed identification of the space is carried out to solve the problem. The study of related policies and in-depth interviews to obtain accurate data and information was then processed into a formula to be used as a benchmark in formulating design directions based on the local initiative of the fishermen of The Kampung Lere. The architectural design development model in the Lere area will later be able to bridge the government’s problems as a policymaker and the desire of the fishermen of Lere Village for the right to manage the space. The results of this study recommend an architectural model for residential that provides opportunities for the people of Lere to continue their activities in the area and still consider the element of safety in the development process as well as strategies for realizing the architectural model.
Utilization of biochar from corn leaves to adsorb COD and BOD in hospital wastewater
Authors: Napitupulu M , Walanda D K , Napitupulu N D , Walanda R M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study utilized agricultural waste, namely corn leaves, as biochar. The resulting biochar complies with SNI No 06-3730-1995 for water and ash. SEM-EDS characterization showed that biochar from corn leaves could be used as an adsorbent for BOD and COD in hospital wastewater. Activation of the biochar was carried out with an activator agent, namely ZnCl2. SEM-EDS determined the pore and elements analysis. Activated Biochar Corn Leaves (ABCL) consist of 50.35 mg/L of the carbon produced with a carbonization temperature of 300°C. Three grams of ABCL reduced COD up to 34.62 mg/L in 4.5 hours and a maximum of 41mg/L of BOD in 4.5 hours. While in three hours, a maximum of 2.5 gr ABCL decreased BOD 35.44%, and COD 30 mg/L.
Testing of The Method of Gama I Synthetic Unit Hydrograph in The Analysis of The Tojo Watershed Design Flood
Authors: Setiyawan  , Vera W A , Irdhiani  , Rehana  , Sri H , Hasbi A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Floods occur due to several factors including topographic conditions, high rainfall intensity, blockage of water flow, lack of water infiltration areas, deforestation, and so on. The Tojo watershed is included in the Parigi-Poso river area, with an area of 211,830 km2 and a river length of 25.52 km. In the Tojo watershed, it is necessary to study flooding, because the watershed always flows every year. This research aims to find out how much flood discharge was obtained from the analysis of the Tojo watershed design flood with the Gama I synthetic unit hydrograph method and to find out how much the Gama I synthetic unit hydrograph analysis compared to the design flood discharge based on river discharge data (AWLR). From the calculation results obtained a comparison between the design flood discharge value processed by rainfall data using the Gama I Synthetic Unit Hydrograph method to the design flood discharge value processed by the Tojo river discharge data using the log person III distribution method for a 2 year return period is 1957,45 %, for the 5-year return period is 1347,64 %, for the 10 year return period is 1224,65 %, for the 25 year return period is 1169,96 %, for the 50 year return period is 1165,67 % and for the 100 years is 1178,75 %.
Development of Learning Materials Based on Processed Plastic Waste Products as an Effort to Instill Environmental Care in Elementary School Students
Authors: Herlina  , Melani H.P. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study aims to develop teaching materials based on processed waste products. Using a qualitative approach with Research and Development (R&D) methods, this development research follows the Borg & Gall model. In the development procedure, validation of research products is carried out. The validation process involves two experts, namely material experts and media experts, for one-on-one tests, while fourth grade students as test subjects are a field validation process. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, questionnaires and learning outcomes tests. Data analysis in the form of descriptive quantitative. The results showed that the assessment of material validators, media and language validators was at 79.3%, with qualitative criteria that could be used with slight revisions. The Trial one-to-one learner reached a percentage score of 85% which was included in the feasible category. small trials groups reached 90% and trials real or large groups reached 95% included in the feasible category. Thus, it can be concluded that the plastic waste recycling learning module for fourth grade elementary school students is feasible to use. The development of learning materials based on processed waste materials can empirically improve attitudes and behavior environmental care in elementary school students.
Research of change in qualitative indicators of bleached cottonseed oil and products of its processing
Authors: Ismatov Sunnatullo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Suppositories have one of the most important role among medical agents due to their effectiveness and broad spectrum of effect. Traditionally, expensive imported oils, such as cocoa butter, coconut butter, and other, serve as the basis for their production, which significantly affects the cost of the resulting product. Therefore, it is no coincidence that scientists have recently paid special attention to the issues of a possible replacement of imported oils with local raw materials. Of the numerous vegetable oils, cottonseed oil is the most acceptable in terms of the composition of fatty acids, because it contains 25-28% hexadecanoic acid, comparable to its content in cocoa butter.
Roughness of meshing gear teeth
Authors: Irgashev A , Shaabidov Sh A , Irgashev B A , Egamberdieva N A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The article is devoted to the method of calculating some parameters of gear teeth roughness, taking into account the parameters of meshing gears under rolling friction conditions in the presence of relative sliding between the meshing gear teeth. A model for determining the running roughness of the surface of the teeth, which have the form of a truncated cone, based on the roughness model of the spherical form is obtained. The proposed calculation methods allow us to: calculate the depths of penetration of the run-in roughness to the surfaces of the mutually contacting gear teeth; establish the regularities of changes in the roughness parameters of the gear teeth surface depending on the contact parameters of the gear meshing and the load in the meshing. Determined the most probable correlation between the actual and nominal contact area, depending on the degree of relative slip, occurring between the gear teeth, in the zone of the actual contact area of the gear teeth, depending on the engagement module of the contacting gear teeth.
Analysis of efficiency of chemical reagents used in destruction of oil emulses in local deposits
Authors: Adizov Bobirjon , Sattorov Mirvokhid , Yamaletdinova Aygul , Bokieva Shakhnoza 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this article, demulsifiers used to break down the oil emulsions of our local fields were studied, comparing their effectiveness. The effect of the demulsifier and the amount of water extracted from the oil were analyzed using deposition and centrifuge methods. The positive effect of temperature increase on the efficiency of the demulsifier was also studied, the optimal values for demulsifiers used today are compared. The resulting composition reduces the formation of salt sediments in the process of preparation of oil under mining conditions, in addition to reducing the impact of corrosive aggressive environments on the metal surface, and the time for the formation of sediments. As a result, it makes it possible to carry out all kinds of salt deposits in the oil by grinding them in commodity reservoirs.
Research on cutting height in soybean harvesting with a combine harvester
Authors: Shomirzaev M Kh , Umirov A T 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Soybean crop elements are in the form of pods, which form from the lower part of the plant, and at high mowing heights, they may be left unharvested and loss. For this reason, it is important to correctly determine the height of harvesting soybeans. According to theoretical calculations, it was determined that when harvesting soybeans with a combine harvester, the harvesting height of the combine harvester should be set at a height of 5 cm. In experiments, when the harvesting height of the combine harvester was changed from 5 cm to 20 cm, the damage in the form of spilled pods and grain due to the effect of the motor wheel was in the range of 0.34 - 0.48 per cent, and the damage of the grain in the harvester was in the range of 1.05 - 1.23 per cent. In the experiments, unharvested pods were not observed at 5 and 10 cm mowing height, at 15 cm mowing height, such grain failure was 0.83%, and at 20 cm mowing height, it increased by 2.5 times to 2.08%. According to the results of the experiment, the productivity of the combine harvester at 5 and 10 cm harvesting height was relatively low, but the total grain loss was in the range of 1.59–1.67 per cent and did not exceed 2 per cent specified in the requirements.