bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toxicity determination, pollution source delineation, and microbial diversity evaluation of PAHs‐contaminated sediments for an urban river
Authors: Li Jin‐Min , Yao Chao‐Ling , Lin Wei‐Han , Surampalli Rao Y. , Zhang Tian C. , Tseng Tsung‐Yu , Kao Chih‐Ming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Feng‐Sang River is a metropolitan river in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. In this study, Feng‐Sang River sediments were analyzed to investigate the distributions and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs), potentially carcinogenic PAHs (TEQcarc), and toxic equivalence quotient (TEQ) were applied to evaluate influences of PAHs on ecosystems and microbial diversities. Results indicate that PAHs concentrations varied between seasons and locations. The concentrations of ∑16PAHs ranged from 73.6 to 603.8 ng/kg in dry seasons and from 2.3 to 199.3 ng/kg in wet seasons. This could be because of the flushing effect during wet seasons, which caused the movement and dilution of the PAH‐contaminated sediments. Diagnostic ratio analysis infers that high PAHs levels were generated by combustion processes and vehicle traffic, and results from multivariate descriptive statistical analysis also demonstrate that the vehicular traffic pollution could be the major emission source of PAHs contamination. Comparisons of PAHs with SQGs indicate that PAHs concentrations in sediment were below the effects range low (ERL) values, and thus, the immediate threat to organisms might not be significant. The diagnostic ratio analyses are effective methods for PAH source appointment. The metagenomic assay results imply that sediments contained essential microbial species with eminent diversity. The detected PAH‐degrading bacteria (Desulfatiglans, Dechloromonas, Sphingomonas, Methylobacterium, Rhodobacter, Clostridium, and Exiguobacterium) played a key role in PAHs biotransformation, and Dechloromonas and Rhodobacter had a higher relative abundance. Results of microbial diversity analyses indicate that the contaminated environment induced the changes of governing microbial groups in sediments.Practitioner Points

Diagnostic ratio analyses are effective methods for PAHs source appointment.
Microbial composition in sediments are highly affected by anthropogenic pollution.
Combustion and vehicle traffic contribute to urban river sediments pollution by PAHs.
Dechloromonas and Rhodobacter are dominant PAHs‐degrading bacteria in sediments.
Thermotropic yield characteristic of the ceramic–alloy composite beam induced by a unilateral heat source
Authors: Peng Wei , He Tianhu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThermotropic yield characteristic of the ceramic–alloy composite beam induced by a unilateral heat source is investigated by using the Hamilton principle and the variation method based on the first‐order shear deformation theory. The mathematical essence of the yield problem of the composite beam is that the variation of the Lagrange function of the system to the space coordinates equals zero. The Tamura–Tomota–Ozawa model and the linear rule of mixtures are used to simulate the composite material properties of functionally graded material (FGM), and the constitutive equations are established with the linear hybrid hardening model. The von‐Mises yield condition is introduced to judge whether the beam enters the yield state. The governing equations are established by using the Hamilton principle and variation method. The thermotropic yield surfaces, the yield stresses, and the critical temperature rises of the yield functionally graded beam are obtained, and the deflections of the beam are calculated by analytical method. The results reveal that the yield interfaces, the yield stresses, the critical temperature rises, and the deflections of the beam vary with material parameters, geometric parameters, and so on.
Structural Classification of CDR-H3 in Single-Domain VHH Antibodies
Authors: Kuroda Daisuke , Tsumoto Kouhei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe immune systems protect vertebrates from foreign molecules or antigens, and antibodies are important mediators of this system. The sequences and structural features of antibodies vary depending on species. Many of antibodies from vertebrates, including camelids, have both heavy and light chain variable domains, but camelids also have antibodies that lack the light chains. In antibodies that lack light chains, the C-terminal variable region is called the VHH domain. Antibodies recognize antigens through six complementarity-determining regions (CDRs). The third CDR of the heavy chain (CDR-H3) is at the center of the antigen-binding site and is diverse in terms of sequence and structure. Due to the importance of antibodies in basic science as well as in medical applications, there have been many studies of CDR-H3s of antibodies that possess both light and heavy chains. However, nature of CDR-H3s of single-domain VHH antibodies is less well studied. In this chapter, we describe current knowledge of sequence–structure–function correlations of single-domain VHH antibodies with emphasis on CDR-H3. Based on the 370 crystal structures in the Protein Data Bank, we also attempt structural classification of CDR-H3 in single-domain VHH antibodies and discuss lessons learned from the ever-increasing number of the structures.
Values, Activism and Changing Attitudes: Individual-Level Moral Development in Social Movement Contexts
Authors: Toubøl Jonas , Gundelach Peter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLately, several studies have added crucial knowledge to our understanding of social movement participation by demonstrating its processual nature and how it relates to individual-level movement outcomes. Still, moral factors like values remain understudied. This paper develops a model of relationships between two types of value predispositions—self-transcendence and conformity—and differential participation in humanitarian activities, political protest and civil disobedience and their consequences for attitudinal changes of loss of institutional trust and an altered view of refugee policies. We use cross-sectional survey data from the mobilisation of the Danish refugee solidarity movement, which was revitalised in response to the 2015 refugee crisis. The main finding is that values, in accordance with our theoretical expectations, mainly influence attitudinal outcomes mediated by contexts of different kinds of movement activities. Conformity relates to participation in non-contentious humanitarian support activities that do not relate to any attitudinal outcomes. The non-conform and self-transcendent respondents participate to a higher degree in contentious political protest and civil disobedience, which relates to a loss of trust in the political institutions. The results suggest that heterogeneity of values and contexts of activism within a movement have implications for social movements’ role in the struggles for society’s fundamental morality, individual-level biographical outcomes of activism and movements’ internal processes related to collective identity.
Strategic Communication in a Transnational Project—The Interreg Alpine Space Project HEALPS2
Authors: Spoladore Daniele , Geri Marta , Widmann Veronika 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCommunication activities play a pivotal role in the management of research projects, especially those involving several partners and stakeholders from different countries. The Interreg Alpine Space HEALPS2 project relies on a transnational and transversal approach to improve the framework conditions and tools for alpine health tourism, and therefore proposes a communication strategy based on specific objectives. These objectives guide the communication activities at an internal and external level, with the latter being declined for different targets and stakeholders. In this Chapter, the communication activities are described, starting from the general and specific objectives-oriented approach, to the local realization. The general strategy and the analysis are illustrated, then are demonstrated through a regional use case—the Parco Regionale Alpe Veglia-Alpe Devero and Parco Regionale Alta Valle Antrona.
$$H^1$$ Scattering for Mass-Subcritical NLS with Short-Range Nonlinearity and Initial Data in $$\Sigma $$
Authors: Burq N. , Georgiev V. , Tzvetkov N. , Visciglia N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe consider short-range mass-subcritical nonlinear Schrödinger equations, and we show that the corresponding solutions with initial data in $$\Sigma $$
Σ
scatter in $$H^1$$

H
1

. Hence we up-grade the classical scattering result proved by Yajima and Tsutsumi from $$L^2$$

L
2

to $$H^1$$

H
1

. We also provide some partial results concerning the scattering of the first order moments, as well as a short proof via lens transform of a classical result due to Tsutsumi and Cazenave–Weissler on the scattering in $$\Sigma $$
Σ
.
Prognostic factors for the management of chondral defects of the knee and ankle joint: a systematic review
Authors: Migliorini Filippo , Maffulli Nicola , Eschweiler Jörg , Götze Christian , Hildebrand Frank , Betsch Marcel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Different surgical techniques to manage cartilage defects are available, including microfracture (MFx), autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI), osteoarticular auto- or allograft transplantation (OAT), autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC). This study investigated the patient-related prognostic factors on the clinical outcomes of surgically treated knee and ankle cartilage defects.

Methods
This study followed the PRISMA statement. In May 2022, the following databases were accessed: PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and Scopus. All the studies investigating the outcomes of surgical management for knee and/or talus chondral defects were accessed. Only studies performing mesenchymal stem cells transplantation, OAT, MFx, ACI, and AMIC were considered. A multiple linear model regression analysis through the Pearson Product–Moment Correlation Coefficient was used.

Results
Data from 184 articles (8905 procedures) were retrieved. Female sex showed a positive moderate association with visual analogue scale at last follow-up (P = 0.02). Patient age had a negative association with the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Score (P = 0.04) and Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale (P = 0.03). BMI was strongly associated with graft hypertrophy (P = 0.01). Greater values of VAS at baseline negatively correlate with lower values of Tegner Activity Scale at last follow-up (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion
The clinical outcomes were mostly related to the patients’ performance status prior surgery. A greater BMI was associated with greater rate of hypertrophy. Female sex and older age evidenced fair influence, while symptom duration prior to the surgical intervention and cartilage defect size evidenced no association with the surgical outcome. Lesion size and symptom duration did not evidence any association with the surgical outcome.
Kidney function measures and cardiovascular outcomes in people with diabetes: the Hoorn Diabetes Care System cohort
Authors: Dal Canto Elisa , Elders Petra J. M. , van der Heijden Amber A. , van Ballegooijen Adriana J. , Lissenberg-Witte Birgit I. , Rutters Femke , Beulens Joline W. J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Both manifestations of kidney disease in diabetes, reduced eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2) and increased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR, mg/mmol), may increase the risk of specific CVD subtypes in adults with diabetes.

Methods
We assessed the prospective association between annually recorded measures of eGFR and UACR and the occurrence of myocardial infarction (MI), CHD, stroke, heart failure (HF) and cardiovascular mortality in 13,657 individuals with diabetes (53.6% male, age 62.3±12.1 years) from the Hoorn Diabetes Care System cohort, using data obtained between 1998 and 2018. Multivariate time-dependent Cox regression models adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors were used to estimate HRs and 95% CI. Associations of eGFR were adjusted for UACR values and vice versa. Effect modification by sex was investigated for all associations.

Results
After a mean follow-up period of 7 years, event rates per 1000 person-years were 3.08 for MI, 3.72 for CHD, 1.12 for HF, 0.84 for stroke and 6.25 for cardiovascular mortality. Mildly reduced eGFR (60–90 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and moderately to severely reduced eGFR (<59 ml/min per 1.73 m2) were associated with higher risks of MI (HR 1.52; 95% CI 1.10, 2.12 and HR 1.69; 95% CI 1.09, 2.64) and CHD (HR 1.67; 95% CI 1.23, 2.26 and HR 2.01; 95% CI 1.34, 3.02) compared with normal eGFR (>90 ml/min per 1.73 m2). Mildly reduced eGFR was associated with a higher risk of stroke (HR 2.53; 95% CI 1.27, 5.03). Moderately increased UACR (3–30 mg/mmol) and severely increased UACR (>30 mg/mmol) were prospectively associated with a higher cardiovascular mortality risk in men and women (HR 1.87; 95% CI 1.41, 2.47 and HR 2.78; 95% CI 1.78, 4.34) compared with normal UACR (<3 mg/mmol). Significant effect modification by sex was observed for the association between UACR and HF. Because there were a limited number of HF events within the category of UACR >30 mg/mmol, categories were combined into UACR <3.0 and >3.0 mg/mmol in the stratified analysis. Women but not men with UACR >3.0 mg/mmol had a significantly higher risk of HF compared with normal UACR (HR 2.79; 95% CI 1.47, 5.28).

Conclusions/interpretation
This study showed differential and independent prospective associations between manifestations of early kidney damage in diabetes and several CVD subtypes, suggesting that regular monitoring of both kidney function measures may help to identify individuals at higher risk of specific cardiovascular events.

Graphical abstract
Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between arts engagement, loneliness, and social support in adolescence
Authors: Bone Jessica K. , Fancourt Daisy , Fluharty Meg E. , Paul Elise , Sonke Jill K. , Bu Feifei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Although arts engagement holds promise for reducing loneliness and enhancing social support, previous research has focussed on older adults. We investigated whether arts engagement was associated with loneliness and social support during adolescence.

Methods
We included 11,780 adolescents aged 11–21 years from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, a nationally representative cohort study. We measured whether adolescents engaged in school-based arts activities (band, book club, chorus, choir, cheerleading, dance, drama club, newspaper, orchestra) at wave one (1994–1995). Loneliness and perceived social support from peers were measured at waves one and two (1996). We used logistic regression to test whether arts engagement was associated with concurrent and subsequent loneliness and social support.

Results
Arts engagement was not associated with concurrent or subsequent loneliness. Compared to not engaging, doing one or more school-based arts activities was associated with 59% higher odds of high social support concurrently (odds ratio [OR] = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.32–1.91). However, this cross-sectional association was attenuated after adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related covariates (adjusted OR [AOR] = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.95–1.42). In contrast, doing arts activities was associated with 28% higher odds of reporting high social support one year later (AOR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.03–1.59), independent of covariates and previous social support.

Conclusions
Extracurricular arts activities are associated with increased odds of reporting good subsequent social support from peers. This may be because they provide opportunities for social engagement, developing friendships, and building a sense of community. Exploring these associations in more detail should be a priority, enabling better understanding of this strategy for enhancing social ties during adolescence.
The impacts of probiotics in eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Bai Xiaofen , Zhu Minjie , He Yajun , Wang Tengyan , Tian Da , Shu Jianchang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a well-known pathogen that infects approximately half of the world’s population. It is a pathogenic agent with potential health hazards related to diverse diseases, especially digestive diseases, such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric carcinoma. In clinical, antibiotics are commonly applied in eradication therapy of H. pylori. However, the increase in antibiotic resistance and side effects has induced the failure of eradication therapy. Recent studies have shown that probiotic supplementation has promising application prospects. It can restore the gastrointestinal microbiota balance and prevent dysbacteriosis caused by antibiotics. Furthermore, it has been reported to have direct or indirect inhibitory effects on H. pylori. Probiotics may have a beneficial effect on H. pylori eradication. However, the strain, dosages, duration times, and safety of probiotic supplementation need further study before clinical applications.
Ternary rings of operators arising from inverse semigroups
Authors: Pluta Robert , Russo Bernard 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe are interested in properties, especially injectivity (in the sense of category theory), of the ternary rings of operators generated by certain subsets of an inverse semigroup via the regular representation. We determine all subsets of the extended bicyclic semigroup which are closed under the triple product $$xy^*z$$

x

y
∗

z

(called semiheaps) and show that the weakly closed ternary rings of operators generated by them are injective operator spaces.
Relating spidroin motif prevalence and periodicity to the mechanical properties of major ampullate spider silks
Authors: Arguelles Joseph , Baker Richard H. , Perez-Rigueiro Jose , Guinea Gustavo V. , Elices M. , Hayashi Cheryl Y. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSpider dragline fibers exhibit incredible mechanical properties, outperforming many synthetic polymers in toughness assays, and possess desirable properties for medical and other human applications. These qualities make dragline fibers popular subjects for biomimetics research. The enormous diversity of spiders presents both an opportunity for the development of new bioinspired materials and a challenge for the identification of fundamental design principles, as the mechanical properties of dragline fibers show both intraspecific and interspecific variations. In this regard, the stress–strain curves of draglines from different species have been shown to be effectively compared by the α* parameter, a value derived from maximum-supercontracted silk fibers. To identify potential molecular mechanisms impacting α* values, here we analyze spider fibroin (spidroin) sequences of the Western black widow (Latrodectus hesperus) and the black and yellow garden spider (Argiope aurantia). This study serves as a primer for investigating the molecular properties of spidroins that underlie species-specific α* values. Initial findings are that while overall motif composition was similar between species, certain motifs and higher level periodicities of glycine-rich region lengths showed variation, notably greater distances between poly-A motifs in A. aurantia sequences. In addition to increased period lengths, A. aurantia spidroins tended to have an increased prevalence of charged and hydrophobic residues. These increases may impact the number and strength of hydrogen bond networks within fibers, which have been implicated in conformational changes and formation of nanocrystals, contributing to the greater extensibility of A. aurantia draglines compared to those of L. hesperus.
Mundgesundheit im Pflegeheim als interprofessionelle Aufgabe
Authors: Hamacher Marie , Weiß Cornelia , Hämel Kerstin 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Menschen mit Pflegebedarf haben im Vergleich zu Gleichaltrigen ohne Pflegebedarf eine signifikant schlechtere Mundgesundheit. International wird diesen Herausforderungen verstärkt durch interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit und erweiterte Rollen von Pflegefachpersonen begegnet. Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Sichtweisen von Zahnärzt*innen und Pflegefachpersonen in Deutschland auf ihre aktuelle und künftige Zusammenarbeit in Pflegeheimen.

Methode
Es wurden 8 Experteninterviews mit jeweils 4 praktizierenden Zahnärzt*innen und Pflegefachpersonen aus der Region Westfalen-Lippe via Zoom oder telefonisch durchgeführt. Das vollständig transkribierte Interviewmaterial wurde mittels thematischem Kodieren fallbezogen und fallübergreifend ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse
Für eine Förderung der Mundgesundheit von Heimbewohner*innen ist aus Sicht der Befragten die Zusammenarbeit von Zahnärzt*innen und Pflegefachpersonen unabdingbar. Sie schildern Zeit- und Kompetenzmangel in der Mund- und Zahnversorgung von Heimbewohner*innen, denen mit neuen Verantwortlichkeitsrollen für speziell qualifizierte Pflegefachpersonen in Kooperation mit den Zahnärzt*innen begegnet werden sollte. Zugleich sprechen sie sich für eine stärkere Verankerung und Einbettung (zahn)medizinischer Versorgung in den Abläufen in Pflegeheimen aus.

Schlussfolgerung
Neue Kooperationsformen zwischen Zahnärzt*innen und Pflegefachpersonen in Pflegeheimen sollten in Deutschland erprobt und weiter ausgebaut werden.
Consensus Statement der Österreichischen Gesellschaften für Rheumatologie und Rehabilitation, Pneumologie, Infektiologie, Dermatologie und Gastroenterologie zum Umgang mit latenter Tuberkulose bei Therapien mit biologischen oder „targeted synthetic“ DMARDs („disease modifying antirheumatic drugs“)
Authors: Rath Eva , Bonelli Michael , Duftner Christina , Gruber Johann , Mandl Peter , Moazedi-Furst Florentine , Pieringer Herwig , Puchner Rudolf , Flick Holger , Salzer Helmut J. F. , Weiss Günter , Winkler Stefan , Skvara Hans , Moschen Alexander , Hofer Harald , Feurstein Julia , Sautner Judith 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungIn diesem österreichweiten Consensus Statement sind die Empfehlungen zum Umgang mit latenter Tuberkulose bei Therapie mit biologischen und „targeted synthetic“ DMARDs zusammengefasst. Die wesentlichen Fragen bezüglich des Screenings und präventiver Therapie wurden von Expertinnen und Experten aus den Fachbereichen Rheumatologie, Pneumologie, Infektiologie, Dermatologie und Gastroenterologie auf Basis der vorhandenen Daten diskutiert und dann in einer Abstimmung zum gemeinsamen Konsens gebracht. Dabei wurde auch differenziert auf die unterschiedlichen Therapien eingegangen, und klare Empfehlungen wurden formuliert.