bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a practical clinical application of NIPAM kV-CBCT dosimetry
Authors: Pant K , Oldham M , Giles W , Adamson J 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We report our progress towards developing a clinical application of NIPAM kV-CBCT dosimetry. The goal is to develop a practical kV-MV isocenter verification test for which the measurement and analysis can be carried out quickly (within an hour), and that eliminates the need for separate readout (other than on board kV-CBCT) or extra analysis steps such as image registration. Isocenter verification is performed using a NIPAM 3D gel dosimeter which is irradiated with a small field to ~16Gy at eight unique couch/gantry angles. Pre- and post-irradiation kV-CBCT images are acquired and dose is manifest as the intensity difference between pre- and post-CBCTs due to radiation induced changes in density. Code was developed to detect the geometry of each beam in the kV-CBCT and quantify relevant parameters. We applied this technique to verify the isocenter for MLCs as well as for SRS cones. The measured radius to encompass all beams for 4mm, 6mm, 7.5mm, 12.5mm, and 15mm cones was 0.55±0.11mm. The efficiency, robustness to setup errors, and unique ability to visualize spatial uncertainties in the kV-CBCT coordinate system make the NIPAM kV-CBCT test a practical and unique tool for kV-MV isocenter verification.
Effects of radical scavengers on nanocomposite Fricke gel for heavy ion beam irradiation
Authors: Maeyama T. , Fukunishi N. , Ishikawa K. L. , Fukasaku K. , Fukuda S. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
NC-FG (nanocomposite Fricke gel) dosimeter is a 3D dosimeter for heavy ion beam without LET dependence. In this study, we evaluate the effects of silver perchlorate, a radical scavenger, on NC-FG. We find that radiological properties of NC-FG are changed by small amounts of silver perchlorate. Especially, dose response at high LET enhanced.
Synthesis and structural characterization of AI2O3 nanoparticles: Towards 3D optically stimulated luminescence dosimetry
Authors: Nielsen Camilla L , Bondesgaard Martin , Turtos Rosana M , Julsgaard Brian , Iversen Bo B , Muren Ludvig P , Balling Peter 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Advanced radiotherapy techniques, which plan and deliver a treatment in complicated 3D geometries with steep dose gradients, push 3D dosimetry with correspondingly high spatial resolution to the top of scientific and clinical agendas. This paper presents the first steps taken towards an inexpensive and reusable material for 3D dosimetry based on optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). Carbon-doped alumina (Al2O3:C) nanoparticles were synthesized using supercritical flow synthesis, in which product properties can be finely controlled. The particles were characterized using electron microscopy and powder x-ray diffraction. C-doping did not alter the crystallographic structure appreciably, and a high elemental signal from C could be measured. Nanoparticles of amorphous γ-Al2O3:C were achieved, however calcining these to produce the OSL-relevant α-phase yielded microparticles. Future work will aim at producing phase-pure α-Al2O3:C nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution below 10 nm, and controllable C-concentration and O-deficiency.
From conception to clinical trial: IViST, the first multi-sensor-based platform for real-time In Vivo Source Tracking in HDR brachytherapy
Authors: Linares Rosales H. M. , Cantin Audrey , Aubin Sylviane , Beddar Sam , Beaulieu Luc 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study is aimed to introduce a novel multi-sensor-based dosimetry platform for real-time plan monitoring in HDR brachytherapy: IViST (In Vivo Source Tracking). IViST is a platform composed of three components: 1) an optimized and characterized multi-point plastic scintillator dosimeter (3 points mPSD; using BCF-60, BCF-12, and BCF-10 scintillators), 2) a compact assembly of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) coupled to dichroic mirrors and filters for high-sensitivity scintillation light collection, and 3) a Python-based graphical user interface used for system management and signal processing. IViST can simultaneously measure dose, triangulate source position, and measure dwell time. By making 100 000 measurements/s, IViST samples enough data to quickly perform key QA/QC tasks such as identifying wrong individual dwell time, position, or interchanged transfer tubes. By using 3 co-linear sensors and planned information for an implant geometry, the platform can also triangulate source position in real-time. A clinical trial to validate this system is presently on-going using the IViST system.
Development of an automated routine for the calibration of multi-point scintillation detectors for advanced dosimetry applications
Authors: Lessard B , Larose F , Berthiaume F , Lambert-Girard S , Therriault-Proulx F , Archambault L 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Multi-point scintillation dosimeters have the advantage to allow real-time measurements of dose with a good spatial resolution, but these detectors must be accurately calibrated to perform precise dose measurements. This study demonstrates, by means of simulations and an experimental validation, that when the calibration dataset is well chosen, it is possible to perform an automated calibration of such dosimeters, with an accuracy on the measured output factors reaching (0.5 ± 0.1) %.
RSC: Dosimetry in high-dose-rate brachytherapy with a radio-fluorogenic gel dosimeter
Authors: Inoue K. , Watanabe Y. , Maeyama T. , Mizukami S. , Hayashi S. , Terazaki T. , Muraishi H. , Gomi T. , Shimono T. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A nanoclay-based radio-fluorogenic gel (NC-RFG) was used to verify the source position and dose distribution in high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy. The dose response confirmed linearity up to 60 Gy. The source position could be detected with an accuracy of ≤0.3 mm, and the dose distribution near the Ir-192 source showed good agreement with the Monte Carlo simulation. NC-RFG can be expected to be a quality assurance tool suitable for the evaluating the dose distribution in HDR brachytherapy.
Signal requirements for 3D optically stimulated luminescence dosimetry
Authors: Jensen Mads L. , Turtos Rosana M. , Nyemann Jacob S. , Julsgaard Brian , Muren Ludvig P. , Balling Peter 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
For 3D optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) based dosimeters to be clinically applicable, certain standards must be met. Among these are low detectable doses with high accuracy and precision, ideally comparable with those of point-like detectors. By investigating a model of the central part of an OSL readout-system, we present an estimate of

∼
4
⋅

10

7

photons

Gy
⋅

mm

3

as the minimum required signal from OSL active materials embedded in a transparent matrix to allow measuring doses of 0.1 Gy with an accuracy and precision of 2 %. Further, 2D spatially resolved measurements of OSL emission from commercially available LiF:Mg, Cu, P pellets are presented and discussed.
Effects of TiO2 and Al2O3 nanoparticles addition on the thermal properties and wettability of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu-xTiO2-xAl2O3
Authors: Muzni Nur Haslinda Mohamed , Noor Ervina Efzan Mhd , Abdullah Mohd Mustafa Al-Bakri , Aksoy Canan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study investigated the effects of adding titanium dioxide (TiO2) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles into Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu (SAC) lead-free solder alloy on the thermal properties and wettability. In comparison with SAC lead-free solder without addition of nanoparticles, the melting temperature is very similar and comparable. The solidus temperature is in the range of 217.1 to 217.2 °C with the addition of TiO2 and Al2O3 nanoparticles. The results shows that the addition of 0.25-1.0 wt% of TiO2 and Al2O3 nanoparticles caused the liquidus temperature to decrease from 222.4 to 220.5 °C. The spreading area of SAC-xTiO2-xAl2O3 lead-free solder increases from 5.7 to 7.1mm at 0-0.5wt% of TiO2 and Al2O3 nanoparticles. The contact angle decreased from 66.09° to 46.84° when the composition of TiO2 and Al2O3 increases from 0-0.5wt%.
Peritectic Intermetallic Compound (IMC) Morphology of Transient Liquid Phase Solder - A Short Review
Authors: Saud Norainiza , Zan Muhammad Hafiz Hazizi @ , Said Rita Mohd , Mahim Zawawi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Transient Liquid Phase (TLP) has been a potential bonding technique for high temperature application solder alloy. TLP bonding for solder is a soldering method that using a low and high temperature metal layer for solid form solder, and a mixing of low and high temperature metal powder in flux medium, for paste form solder. Transient Liquid Phase bonding process involved thoroughly consumption of low melting point metal into high melting point metal and results in the formation of high temperature melting point peritectic intermetallic compound (IMC) which enables the solder to be soldered at typical low soldering temperature but, the solder connection can be applied in the high temperature application. The morphology of the peritectic IMCs mainly consist two solids, which is primary α as well as peritectic β together with liquid phase at peritectic temperature. The growth formation of those primary α and peritectic β phases has resulted with a variety of possible peritectic microstructure’s morphology as will be discussed further.
Investigation of integrated factors in the occurrence of copper wire bonding corrosion of semiconductor packages
Authors: Hamid K. A. , Badarisman A. H. , Jalar A. , Bakar M. A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Copper wire bonding has got attracted attention over gold wire bonding due to its lower cost. However, despite many unique aspects and properties of copper wire bonding, corrosion of copper wire bonding has become a point of interest as it leads to the failure of semiconductor packages. Current and future trends and development in miniaturization and multifunction of the semiconductor packages show semiconductor manufacturers to establish good wire bonding with high reliability. However, this trend becomes a significant challenge in respect of corrosion occurrence. Several studies on the corrosion of copper wire bonding; however, there is no considerable study in the integrated factors leading to corrosion. Therefore, this paper focuses on investigating the corrosion phenomena of wire copper wire bonding, especially wedge bonds. This paper use a combination of the problem-solving approach for a complex problem. The analysis suggested that the weightage of factors, depending on process parameters and process steps, play a particular role in facilitating or preventing corrosion on the copper wire bonding. Therefore, it is essential to consider these factors when designing assembly process steps and parameters to control corrosion in semiconductor packages.
Study of doping a thallium atom in silicene nanoribbons in an electrical field
Authors: Ngoc Hoang Van 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Silicene is a two-dimensional material made up of silicon atoms, the silicene nanoribbons (SNRs) studied here are made of silicene with edges modified by hydrogen atoms. The work doped a thallium atom into the unit cell of SNRs, the electric field acting on the system has a constant magnitude: 0.15V/Å. There are two doped structures studied, top structure and valley structure. Density functional theory (DFT) is used in this study, the bands of energy and states of the configurations will be plotted, investigated, and analysed. The partial states (s, p) will be studied.
Potential of epoxidized palm oil as a green alternative to rubber processing oils
Authors: Saigal R. , Chai A. B. , Saad N. S. , Ying Ch’ng Shiau 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Sustainability is a growing concern in the rubber industry particularly due to the vast amount of environmental issues associated with the manufacturing process. The dependencies of hydrocarbons as Rubber Processing Oils (RPOs) throughout the compounding process is an area that is being heavily researched in search for greener alternatives. This study aims to determine the viability of a naturally available vegetable oil, Epoxidized Palm Oil (EPO), as a substitute to the current petroleum-based rubber processing oils. Therefore, the processability, cure characteristics as well as mechanical properties of the rubber compounds with EPO were benchmarked with those of the standard rubber compounds prepared with selected petroleum oils; Paraffin Oil, Aromatic Oil and Naphthenic Oil. The finding from this report suggests that EPO is a viable substitute to petroleum-derived RPOs as it performs within the acceptable range as the compounds with the other RPOs.
The Effect of Curing Temperature on the Properties of Kaolin Geopolymer Paste
Authors: Zainal Farah Farhana , Mah Hussin Fatini Wahida , Nordin Mohd Nasha’ain , Hastuty Sri 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This research paper focuses on the effect of curing temperature on the properties of kaolin geopolymer paste. Alternatively, kaolin was used as binders in making concrete paste in order to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the environment. Kaolin geopolymer paste was made by mixture of kaolin and alkaline activators with 0.8 :1 of solid to liquid ratio. The alkaline activator solutions were prepared with 0.2:1 ratio of Na2SiO3/NaOH. The mixture were placed in cube moulds (50 mm × 50 mm × 50 mm) and left for 24 hours until it hardened. Then, the samples were cured at 60, 70 and 80°C for 24 hours in the oven. The samples were then tested based on compressive strength, porosity, water absorption and morphology after days 28. Kaolin geopolymer paste with 70°C curing temperature is proved to have the highest compressive strength (1.04 N/mm2), lowest percentage of water absorption (1.71%) and lowest percentage of porosity (0.15%) compared to 60°C and 80°C curing temperature. The microstructure of 70°C curing temperature also shows that the geopolimerization was fully occurred with no pore.
Effect of the Calcination Temperature on the Properties of Hydroxyapatite from Black Tilapia Fish Bone
Authors: Dermawan Siti Khadijah , Mohd Ismail Zamratul Maisarah , Jaffri Muhamad Zaki , Abdullah Hasan Zuhudi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Hydroxyapatite, also known as HAp, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 is a naturally present form of calcium phosphate, which make up a large portion of inorganic components in human bones. Because of its near resemblance in structure to natural bone, it has been commonly used in orthopaedic applications. The ecosystem is negatively impacted by large amounts of by-product waste from fisheries factories. Thus, the aim of this study is to extract the HAp from black tilapia fish bones (BTFB) from a fish fillet factory. Fish bone can serve as a low-cost source of HAp and contribute significantly to biomedical applications. The BTFB was calcined for 3 hours at 700 °C and 900 °C, respectively. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the presence of derived HAp, which matched data from the Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Powder Standard (JCPDS). For functional group analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used, and the organic compounds were removed throughout the calcination process according to the spectra. The chemical composition of Ca and P was revealed by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX), with traces of magnesium, Mg, and sodium, Na present. In the BTFB samples, the Ca/P molar ratio was determined to be 1.67 which is the stoichiometries HAp. These findings have potential as a biomaterial for biomedical applications.
Local strain rate sensitivity of α+β phases within dual-phase Ti alloys
Authors: Jun Tea-Sung 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Using in-situ micropillar compression, the local strain rate sensitivity in Ti6242 and Ti6246 has been investigated to strengthen our understanding on the rate- and slip system-sensitive deformation of dual-phase Ti alloys. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was used to find target grains anticipating basal and primatic slip activities under compression test. Micropillars with similar α orientation and incomparable β morphology were made by a focused ion beam (FIB). Strain rate sensitivity (SRS) was determined based on the constant strain rate method (CSRM). The marked difference of SRS is found in the α+β of both alloys such that in Ti6242 the SRS in the basal slip is considerably higher than that in the prism whilst both slips in Ti6246 show somewhat similar SRS, inferring that either local chemical effects or the β morphology could affect rate-sensitive deformation behaviour.
A Review of Porous Glass-Ceramic Production Process, Properties and Applications
Authors: Ibrahim Mohd Hakim , Mustaffar Mohd Idham , Ismail Syarifah Aminah , Ismail Anis Nadhirah 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Porous materials exist around our environment and play an important role in our daily lives to be used widely in many fields, among the fields are energy distribution and storage, vibration suppression, liquid filtration, heat insulation, and sound absorption. Porous glasses are materials that have pores structure using silica as the primary component in all types of standard and specialty glass mixture with a foaming agent and other additives. Porous glass is usually in the size of nanometre and micrometer range. Porous glass is usually prepared by using phase separation, sintering and sol-gel method [1]. This review paper will focus on the various properties of this porous material related to the production process used to their properties and possible applications such as filtering, lightweight concrete, heat resistance insulator, and biomaterials.
OP-K-Means: Optimized Algorithm for Recommendation System Based on User Preferences
Authors: Zuo Fang , Siniauski Uladzislau , Yang Haochen , Wang Guanghui 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
For a recommender system (RS), it is difficult to capture all the user’s interest lists simultaneously, which leads to the problem of insufficient performance of the existing joint RS based on the K-Means clustering algorithm. In this paper (1), we introduce a cluster optimization method OP -K-means for user preference data. This method starts with propagation from the center of the user preference data. By selecting relatively distant positions between each initial center, the distance between them is increased as much as possible. (2) Finally, we validate the effectiveness of our algorithm on a dataset from Facebook and compare our algorithm with original K-means. Our experimental results justify the validity of our OP -K-means algorithm.
A Method for Object Extraction from Crop Image Based on Visual Saliency
Authors: Wang Yuting , Liao Zhouyu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In order to solve the problem of accurate extraction of crop targets in natural background, an image target extraction method based on visual saliency is proposed. Firstly, an image is divided into multiple super pixels. Secondly, the significance detection method of ‘background first’ is used to calculate the significance of the whole image. Thirdly, the optimal data source is generated according to the characteristics of the high saliency region. Finally, the optimal data source is divided into target region and background region, and the crop target is extracted from the original image. Experimental results on a large number of crop images show that this method can extract targets accurately and completely.
Residual Network and Embedding Usage: New Tricks of Node Classification with Graph Convolutional Networks
Authors: Chi Huixuan , Wang Yuying , Hao Qinfen , Xia Hong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGraph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) and subsequent variants have been proposed to solve tasks on graphs, especially node classification tasks. In the literature, however, most tricks or techniques are either briefly mentioned as implementation details or only visible in source code. In this paper, we first summarize some existing effective tricks used in GCNs mini-batch training. Based on this, two novel tricks namedGCN_res FrameworkandEmbedding Usageare proposed by leveraging residual network and pre-trained embedding to improve baseline’s test accuracy in different datasets. Experiments on Open Graph Benchmark (OGB) show that, by combining these techniques, the test accuracy of various GCNs increases by 1.21%∼2.84%. We open source our implementation at https://github.com/ytchx1999/PyG-OGB-Tricks.
Non-Standard Clothing Detection in Electricity Scenes Based on Adaptive Training Samples Selection Neural Network
Authors: Chen Haipeng , Luo Wang , Mao Jinwei , Min Fuhon 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Standard clothing in the electricity scene is so important that it can validly prevent workers from injuries. Strengthen non-standard clothing detection can help people correct the bad habits of dressing. However, there are some challenges existing in standard clothing in electricity scenes. There are few numbers in some kinds of clothing (e.g. short sleeves or not wearing helmet) in electricity scenes. The colors of some personnel clothing are similar to those of the background of workshop, such as white helmets and white frames. To handle these issues, in this paper, a novelty clothing detection method in electricity scenes is proposed based on a policy of adaptive training samples selection. The number of clothing can be expanded by rectifying mosaic augmentation, and the information loss of the top features can be compensated by residual feature augmentations. Experimental results show that the model can automatically and accurately identify non-standard clothing from complex electricity scenes, and has better detection performance (mAP=0.433) compared with the other model (mAP=0.419).
Autonomous Learning and Navigation of Mobile Robots Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Lai Zhiqiang , Jia Zhiwei , Chen Man 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of convergence difficulties faced by deep reinforcement learning algorithms in dynamic pedestrian environments, and insufficient reward and feedback mechanisms, a data-driven and model-driven navigation algorithm which named GRRL has been proposed. In order to enrich and perfect the reward feedback mechanism, we designed a dynamic reward function. The reward function fully considers the relationship between the robot and the pedestrian and the target position. It mainly includes three parts. The experimental results show that the autonomous learning efficiency and the average navigation success rate of the mobile robot driven by the GRRL algorithm are improved, the average navigation time is shorter. The dynamic reward function we designed has a certain improvement effect on robot navigation.
Short-term Global Horizontal Irradiance Prediction Based on Deep Echo State Network
Authors: Ma Gaohong , Li Jun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The prediction of global horizontal irradiance have a great impact on the stability and economic benefits of photovoltaic (PV) power generation. In this paper, we adopt the method of Deep Echo State Network (DESN) to predict the global horizontal irradiance in different areas one hour in advance. Under the same conditions, the results show that DESN are better than BP, SVM, ESN methods in the prediction accuracy. Experiments show that the proposed models show superior ability in predicting solar irradiance and have great application potential in power grid integration.