bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scaling migration network governance? City networks and civil society in multilevel policymaking dynamics
Authors: Caponio Tiziana 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlthough existing studies have documented the capacity of migration city networks (CNs) to mobilize on the vertical/intergovernmental dimension, there is less evidence of how CNs can contribute to scaling up network governance with societal actors beyond local jurisdictions and favour the emergence of multilevel governance arrangements. In this article, I aim to contribute to deepening our understanding of migration CN horizontal state‐‐society relations by throwing new light on how CN leaders’ agendas affect the policy actions undertaken by two migration CNs in Europe and one in the United States. Evidence shows that migration CNs engage differently with non‐public actors depending on agendas that reflect the aims of their leaders. These agendas can be more or less conducive to scaling up migration network governance. When horizontal/state–society relations are conceived as subordinate to vertical relations, lobbying and political advocacy prevail with little room for the emergence of multilevel governance.
A ten‐year follow‐up of the prevalence of pressure injuries in the Czech Republic: Analysis of the National Registry
Authors: Búřilová Petra , Pokorná Andrea , Benešová Klára , Mužík Jan , Klugar Miloslav , Krupová Lenka , Dolanová Dana , Saibertová Simona , Beeckman Dimitri 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe study aims to follow up on the analysis of Pressure injuries (PIs) prevalence conducted between 2007 and 2014 and after the new methodological requirements for PIs surveillance establishment at the national level. A retrospective, nationwide cross‐sectional analysis of data regarding the STROBE checklist was collected by the National Health Information System (NHIS). The International Classification of Diseases (ICD‐10) diagnoses L89.0‐L89.9 for PIs were used in the period 2010–2019. A total of 264 442 records of patients with diagnoses of L89.0‐L89.9 were identified from 2010 to 2019 (26 444 patients per year on average). The numbers are increasing every year, and there is a 40% increase between 2010 and 2019. When comparing recorded PIs, the percentage of PIs occurrence in category I decreased, and the number of PIs in category IV increased in the second analysed period. Still, in absolute numbers, there is an increase across all categories. The age of patients with recorded PIs also rose slightly in the second analysed period. We have proven the PIs prevalence increase in an ageing population.
De‐problematising Aboriginal young peoples’ health and well‐being through their voice: An Indigenous scoping review
Authors: Smallwood Reakeeta , Usher Kim , Woods Cindy , Sampson Neville , Jackson Debra 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe continued use of a deficit discourse when researching Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples of Australia is problematic. Understanding and challenging the researchers position and the power of the words they use is important. It will ensure we do not persist in framing Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People as a problem to be solved.DesignIndigenist review of the evidence of Aboriginal young people's health and well‐being.MethodsThis review was conducted using an Indigenist approach to identify texts which amplified the voices of Aboriginal young people of Australia and presents a narrative summary of their accounts. This review is reported in line with the PRISMA‐ScR reporting guidelines.ResultsCulture and connection are critical components of Aboriginal young people's health and well‐being. Aboriginal young people describe feeling of powerlessness to influence health and well‐being of their community, and they understood the risks they and their communities faced. Young people identified the importance of connection to culture, community and Elders as crucial to their social and emotional well‐being.ConclusionBy harnessing an Indigenous analysis, we were able to reveal a strong counter narrative of strength and resilience within their historical, social, and political contexts through the storied accounts of Aboriginal young people.Relevance to clinical practiceMost of the currently available evidence about Aboriginal health and well‐being is immersed in deficit discourse. Literature reviews being the foundation of research and informing nursing practice, we call for a purposeful shift towards the adoption of an Indigenist strength‐based approach which emphasises the strength and resilience of Aboriginal young people.
Recurrent primary ovarian leiomyosarcoma preconception, pregnancy, delivery, and puerperal management: A case report and literature review
Authors: Pu Tengda , Fan Lili , Wang Lihua , Li Li , Zeng Hui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA primary ovarian leiomyosarcoma (POLMS) is a rare malignant tumor of the ovary. Herein, we report a patient with an early‐stage POLMS who underwent unilateral adnexectomy in our department with a subsequent pregnancy, delivery, and tumor recurrence. In this case, the patient was a 29‐year‐old female with a complaint of abdominal distention who underwent a right adnexectomy for a solid tumor in the right ovary. The pathological diagnosis was a stage IA leiomyosarcoma of the right ovary. One month later, a recurrence in the left ovary tumor was diagnosed. The patient did not agree to further treatment. She subsequently achieved a spontaneous pregnancy and had an uneventful pregnancy and delivery at term. During the puerperium, she underwent radical surgery and chemotherapy with the recommended follow‐up evaluation. The literature review shows the pathogenesis of POLMS has not been established. There are no specific tumor markers, and it is difficult to distinguish the nature and origin of the tumor with imaging modalities, thus, early diagnosis is difficult. The malignancy rate is high, and the prognosis of advanced tumors is poor. To properly counsel patients to optimize treatment, more reports of cases, the disease course, treatments, and outcomes are needed.
Incidence and risk factors of drug‐induced liver injury
Authors: Li Xiaoyun , Tang Jieting , Mao Yimin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe epidemiology and aetiology of drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) vary across different countries and populations. Overall, DILI is rare in the general population but has become more prevalent in hospitalized patients, especially among patients with unexplained liver conditions. In addition, drugs implicated in DILI differ between Western and Eastern countries. Antibiotics are the leading drugs implicated in DILI in the West, whereas traditional Chinese medicine is the primary cause implicated in DILI in the East. The incidence of herbal and dietary supplements‐induced hepatotoxicity is increasing globally. Several genetic and nongenetic risk factors associated with DILI have been described in the literature; however, there are no confirmed risk factors for all‐cause DILI. Some factors may contribute to the risk of DILI in a drug‐specific manner.
At the Intersection of SLA and Sociolinguistics: The Predictive Power of Social Networks During Study Abroad
Authors: KENNEDY TERRY KRISTEN M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis longitudinal study of 17 American learners of French lies at the intersection of 2 complementary fields of inquiry in second language acquisition (SLA): language variation and change (LVC) and language acquisition during study abroad. Studies in LVC examine the nature and use of linguistic features that have more than 1 possible realization in native‐speaker speech (i.e., variable features). Conversely, investigations into language acquisition during study abroad have primarily focused on the acquisition of categorical features that have only 1 possible, grammatical realization in the target language, or on the acquisition of global oral proficiency and fluency. Moreover, while studies in LVC have long relied on social network theory to predict language performance, existing research on language acquisition during study abroad provides conflicting results and explanations for learner gains during study abroad. The current study bridges this research gap by providing empirical evidence for the critical role of social networks with target‐language speakers in the acquisition of stylistic variation by French learners during study abroad. Additionally, because this study includes both semester and year‐long learners, results demonstrate the significant impact of time on task, which, when combined with network strength, negates the role of individual learner characteristics previously shown to influence acquisition during study abroad.
RESISTANCE AND AUTHORITY AT THE BEGINNING OF URBANISM: THE CASE OF TEL BET YERAH BROKEN MACEHEADS
Authors: Ashkenazi Hai , Rosenberg Danny 
Published: March 2022

SummaryA large number of broken limestone maceheads found at Early Bronze Tel Bet Yerah appears to be the result of intentional curation and fragmentation. Our analysis suggests that Early Bronze maceheads could function as weapons, but their efficiency and dependability were limited. Based on their properties, provenance, breakage pattern, and dating, we suggest that the maceheads symbolized the distribution of power in the community and resistance to centralized authority during Early Bronze II. Their accumulation and fragmentation would then represent a reversal of heterarchical tendencies and possibly an attempt to assert centralized power at the beginning of Early Bronze III.
Theories of Postindustrial Fertility Decline: An Empirical Examination
Authors: Han Sinn Won , Brinton Mary C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFamily formation patterns in the postindustrial world have changed markedly in the past several decades. Fertility rates have declined, cohabitation rates have increased, age at marriage has gone up, and nonmarital childbearing has become more common in most postindustrial settings. A dominant theoretical explanation for these changes is second demographic transition (SDT) theory, which posits widespread value change towards individualism and postmaterialist concerns. In contrast, gender equity theory emphasizes structural changes, including women's increased participation in the public sphere and the resulting incompatibility of women's domestic and public roles given the slower adaptation on the part of families and institutions to adapt to women's new roles. We test the predictions of these two theoretical frameworks by analyzing fertility decline in 27 European societies. We find evolving gender egalitarianism, measured by the prevalence of gender‐egalitarian attitudes, to have greater explanatory power than SDT‐related ideational changes. The gender equity framework is particularly relevant in explaining the recent fertility trajectories of Central, Eastern, and Southern European countries.
Cardiovascular reactions to acute psychological stress and academic achievement
Authors: Ginty Annie T. , Tyra Alexandra T. , Young Danielle A. , Brindle Ryan C. , de Rooij Susanne R. , Williams Sarah E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCardiovascular reactions to acute psychological stress have been associated with cognitive function. However, previous work has assessed cardiovascular reactions and cognitive function in the laboratory at the same time. The present study examined the association between cardiovascular reactions to acute psychological stress in the laboratory and academic performance in final year high school students. Heart rate, blood pressure, stroke volume, and cardiac output reactions to an acute psychological stress task were measured in 131 participants during their final year of high school. Performance on high school A‐levels were obtained the following year. Higher heart rate and cardiac output reactivity were associated with better A‐level performance. These associations were still statistically significant after adjusting for a wide range of potentially confounding variables. The present results are consistent with a body of literature suggesting that higher heart rate reactions to acute psychological stress are associated with better cognitive performance across a variety of domains.
Relative expression of aromatase in the male goat reproductive organs during different seasons
Authors: Sobhani Keyvan , Vaziry Asaad , Farzinpour Amjad , Rostamzadeh Jalal 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAromatase, a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily (encoded by CYP19), is the enzyme responsible for the aromatization of androgens into estrogens which is the last step of estrogen biosynthesis. It plays an important role in reproduction and sexual development. The aromatase expression in many tissues and organs of different species is shown in the last two decades’ investigation. This study was conducted to determine the relative seasonal expression of aromatase mRNA in testis, epididymis, vas deferens, prostate and seminal vesicle of a male goat. The aromatase expression of 16 male goat reproductive organs, slaughtered in the different seasons (n = 4 each season), were determined by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). Results showed that during the autumn, aromatase mRNA expression of the testis was found to be significantly higher (p < .05) as compared to the spring and summer seasons. Higher aromatase mRNA expression was also found in the epididymis and seminal vesicle organs during the autumn and summer seasons. Interestingly, prostate and vas deferens aromatase mRNA expression during the summer was higher than in other seasons. The aromatase mRNA level analysis revealed that aromatase is expressed in all the examined reproductive organs in which a strong expression signal was detected in the testis and epididymis tissues. This study shows the expression of the aromatase in the goat reproductive organs in the breeding season which resembles other mammals with continuous breeding.
MicroRNA‐342‐3p regulates yak oocyte meiotic maturation by targeting DNA methyltransferase 1
Authors: Xiong Xianrong , Yang Manzhen , Yu Hailing , Hu Yulei , Yang Luyu , Zhu Yanjin , Fei Xixi , Pan Bangting , Xiong Yan , Fu Wei , Li Jian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in the development of oocytes and ovarian follicles. We have previously shown differential expression of miR‐342‐3p during yak oocyte maturation. In this study, we investigated the role of miR‐342‐3p in meiotic maturation of yak oocytes and the underlying mechanism. The profile of ovarian DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) expression was investigated in yak by RT‐qPCR and western blot analyses. The pattern of Dnmt1 expression in various meiotic stages (GV stage, MI stage and MII stage) of yak oocyte maturation was then measured by immunofluorescence staining. The interaction between Dnmt1 and miR‐342‐3p was verified by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Finally, miR‐342‐3p inhibitors were microinjected into yak cumulus‐oocyte complex to evaluate the effects on oocyte maturation. MiR‐342‐3p expression was upregulated in oocytes during meiotic maturation, with significantly higher levels in the MII stage compared with the GV‐ and MI stages (p < .05), whereas the opposite pattern of Dnmt1 expression was detected. In the period to sexual maturity (3‐year‐old), DNMT1 showed an age‐related pattern of ovarian expression at both the gene and protein levels. Immunohistochemistry analysis also indicated maturation‐stage‐related differences in DNMT1 expression in the ovarian follicles and corpus luteum, with expression predominantly detected in cumulus cells and oocytes. MiR‐342‐3p inhibitors effectively upregulated Dnmt1 expression and significantly inhibited oocyte meiotic maturation. Taken together, our results indicate that miR‐342‐3p plays a vital role in the meiotic maturation of yak oocytes by targeting the 3'‐untranslated regions (UTR) of Dnmt1 and provide a new perspective on the mechanism of this process.
Routine noninvasive prenatal screening for fetal Rh D in maternal plasma—A 2‐year experience from a single center in Belgium
Authors: Blomme Siska , Nollet Friedel , Rosseel Wesley , Bogaard Natalie , Devos Helena , Emmerechts Jan , Cauwelier Barbara 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundHemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) due to rhesus D (RhD) immunization is a potentially life‐threatening situation for which use of Rh Immunoglobulin (RhIg) has decreased risk drastically. Determination of fetal RHD on maternal plasma can be used to restrict prenatal RhIg administration to women carrying an RhD‐positive child, avoiding unnecessary administration of blood‐derived products.Study Design and MethodsThe aim of this study is to determine the performance of fetal RHD typing in our center. We prospectively collected 205 fetal RHD and 127 serological cord blood RhD data from RhD‐negative women starting at 11 weeks of pregnancy (from October 2019 to October 2021). Real‐time polymerase chain reaction targeting RHD exon 5 and 7 was used, similar to the screening program in The Netherlands, supplemented with an amplification control (beta‐actin; ACTB) and a sex determination marker located on the Y‐chromosome (SRY gene).ResultsFetal RHD testing reached a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. No false‐negative nor false‐positive results were reported. Inconclusive results (6%, 13/205) were due to weak amplification in 10 cases, a maternal RHD variant in 2 cases (RHD*01N.71 and partial DVI), and a fetal RHD variant (partial DVI) in 1 case. Unnecessary administration of RhIg prophylaxis was avoided in 33% of cases and on the other hand was administered in one case (fetal partial DVI) which would have been missed with cord blood serology.DiscussionThis study demonstrates the high accuracy of routine prenatal fetal RHD gene screening after 11 weeks of pregnancy, encouraging routine clinical practice.
Relationships Between Physical Activity, Boredom Proneness, and Subjective Well-Being Among U.K. Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: McCurdy Ashley , Stearns Jodie A. , Rhodes Ryan E. , Hopkins Debbie , Mummery Kerry , Spence John C. 
Published: March 2022

This investigation sought to examine physical activity (PA) as a potential determinant of chronic boredom and associated well-being within the context of COVID-related restrictions. A representative sample of U.K. adults (N = 1,521) completed a survey on June 1, 2020. Bivariate analyses demonstrated that individuals who met guidelines and maintained or increased PA scored higher on life satisfaction, worthwhileness, and happiness and lower on anxiety (i.e., indicators of well-being) and boredom proneness (d = 0.13–0.43). Boredom proneness was correlated with all indicators of well-being (r = .38–.54). A series of regression models revealed that PA predicted lower boredom proneness and better life satisfaction, worthwhileness, and happiness. Boredom proneness accounted for the covariance between PA and well-being. Prospective research is needed to confirm causality of the observed relationships.
‘We are not going anywhere’: a qualitative study of Kenyan healthcare worker perspectives on adolescent HIV care engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Enane Leslie A , Apondi Edith , Liepmann Claire , Toromo Judith J , Omollo Mark , Bakari Salim , Scanlon Michael , Wools-Kaloustian Kara , Vreeman Rachel C 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionAdolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) may be vulnerable to widescale impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and to health system responses which impact HIV care. We assessed healthcare worker (HCW) perspectives on impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent HIV care delivery and engagement in western Kenya.MethodsWe performed in-depth qualitative interviews with HCW at 10 clinical sites in the Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare in Kenya, from January to March, 2021. Semistructured interviews ascertained pandemic-related impacts on adolescent HIV care delivery and retention.ResultsInterviews were conducted with 22 HCWs from 10 clinics. HCWs observed adolescent financial hardships, unmet basic needs and school dropouts during the pandemic, with some adolescents relocating to rural homes, to partners or to the street. Marked increases in adolescent pregnancies and pregnancy complications were described, as well as barriers to family planning and antenatal care. Transportation challenges and restrictions limited access to care and prompted provision of multi-month refills, refills at local dispensaries or transfer to local facilities. Adolescent-friendly services were compromised, resulting in care challenges and disengagement from care. Clinic capacities to respond to adolescent needs were limited by funding cuts to multidisciplinary staff and resources. HCW and youth peer mentors (YPMs) demonstrated resilience, by adapting services, taking on expanded roles and leveraging available resources to support adolescent retention and access to care.ConclusionsALHIV are uniquely vulnerable, and adolescent-friendly services are essential to their treatment. The combined effects of the pandemic, health system changes and funding cuts compromised adolescent-friendly care and limited capacity to respond to adolescent needs. There is a need to reinforce adolescent-friendly services within programmes and funding structures. Support for expanded YPM roles may facilitate dedicated, scalable and effective adolescent-friendly services, which are resilient and sustainable in times of crisis.
Evidence mapping of current status, impact, prevention and control measures from rabies research in Bangladesh (2010–2021): a scoping review protocol
Authors: Hasan Rubyath Binte , Ferdous Jinnat , Luna Mahfuja , Zannat Mosammat Moonkiratul 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionRabies is one of the priority zoonotic diseases in Bangladesh. Though the rabies cases have been reduced over the years due to the mass dog vaccination programme since 2011 throughout the country, it is still a major health problem in Bangladesh with an annual estimated 200 000 animal bite cases and over 2000 human deaths. This article presented a scoping review protocol for published literature on rabies in Bangladesh and believes to create impact in Bangladesh by identifying the research gap and guiding the evidence-informed policy adaptation from its findings in the future which will strongly underscore the elimination of Rabies and reduce preventable mortalities. We will attempt to synthesise evidence descriptively on burden and impact of rabies in human population as well as the awareness level and effective control and preventive measures from the available studies on rabies from 2010 to 2021 in Bangladesh.MethodsThe scoping review is planned following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and the major guiding steps are: defining the research questions, determining the eligibility criteria with population, concept and context strategy, stating the plan for evidence searching, selection and data collection, searching for evidence and selection of literature by the inclusion criteria, data collection, descriptive analysis and presentation of the data and reporting of the findings. Search will be conducted for both published and grey literature in English language. Blinded screening processes will be adapted to prevent bias among reviewers.Ethics and disseminationA scoping review synthesises existing knowledge and does not necessitate ethical approval. Results of this scoping review will be submitted to a journal for publication, presented in relevant conferences and disseminated on social media platforms (eg, Twitter) among the global health stakeholders.