bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forensic-based investigation-optimized extreme gradient boosting system for predicting compressive strength of ready-mixed concrete
Authors: Chou Jui-Sheng , Chen Li-Ying , Liu Chi-Yun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Regulations mandate testing concrete’s compressive strength after the concrete has cured for 28 days. In the ideal situation, cured strength equals the target strength. Advanced estimation of concrete’s compressive strength can facilitate quality management, improve safety, and present economic advantages in sustainable use. Basic statistical methods cannot effectively predict concrete’s strength or its non-linear relationships with the proportions of its constituent materials. In this study, a baseline model for predicting concrete’s compressive strength was constructed using a state-of-the-art machine-learning method. Most related studies have used sets of concrete mix design results concerning concrete specimens for laboratory-produced concrete specimens as training sets and have obtained simple models through regression; however, these models have been unsuitable for onsite prediction of the compressive strength of concrete with the various mix designs. Control over mix proportions is high in laboratories, resulting in low variation; onsite manual operation and environmental factors cause significant variations in assessment data. In this study, machine-learning techniques and a newly developed metaheuristic optimization algorithm were applied to big long-term data from 75 concrete plants to construct the optimal machine-learning model. Our self-developed forensic-based investigation algorithm was employed to fine-tune the hyperparameters of the extreme gradient boosting model and to improve the model’s generalizability. The lowest mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) obtained using this model was 9.29%, which was smaller than the lowest MAPE achieved using the conventional simple regression with the water-to-binder (W/B) ratio (12.73%). The traditional method tends to overestimate the actual compressive strength. Finally, a convenient expert system was developed that facilitates the use of the proposed model by onsite engineers for quality management. This system expedites the judgment of whether a mixed design is reasonable, reducing production costs while maintaining the safety of concrete structures. It can be widely applied in practice and function as an effective decision-making tool.
Computer-aided diagnosis system based on multi-scale feature fusion for screening large-scale gastrointestinal diseases
Authors: Pang Xuejiao , Zhao Zijian , Wu Yanbing , Chen Yong , Liu Jin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
For endoscopists, large-scale screening of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases is arduous and time-consuming. While their workload and human factor-induced errors can be reduced by computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems, the existing ones mainly focus on a limited number of lesions or specific organs, making them unsuitable for diagnosing various GI diseases in large-scale disease screening. This paper proposes a transformer and convolutional neural network-based CAD system (called TransMSF) to assist endoscopists in diagnosing multiple GI diseases. This system constructs two feature extraction paths with different coding methods to obtain the lesions’ global and local information. In addition, downsampling is implemented in transformer to get global information of different scales, further enriching the feature representation and reducing the amount of computation and memory occupation. Moreover, a channel and spatial attention module with fewer parameters was successfully designed to pay more attention to the target and reduce the loss of important information during spatial dimension transformation. Finally, the extracted feature information is fused through the feature fusion module and then input into the linear classifier for disease diagnosis. The proposed system outperformed that of other state-of-the-art models on two datasets, reaching a 98.41% precision, a 98.15% recall, a 98.13% accuracy, and a 98.28% F1 score on the in-house GI dataset versus a 95.88% precision, a 95.88% recall, a 98.97% accuracy, and a 95.88% F1 score on the public Kvasir dataset. Moreover, TransMSF’s performance was superior to that of seasoned endoscopists. The above results prove that the proposed system is instrumental in diagnosing GI diseases in large-scale disease screening. It can also be used as a training tool for junior endoscopists to improve their professional skills by rendering helpful suggestions.
What oil and gas lawyers bring to the Energy Transition
Authors: Weaver Kenyon S , Camp Eric C 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article argues that today’s oil and gas lawyers are very well prepared to become tomorrow’s energy lawyers. How the Energy Transition ultimately plays out in the coming decades is unknown. What is known is that the world will need immense new low and zero-carbon energy infrastructure: hydrogen, geothermal, carbon capture and sequestration, wind and solar. This article proposes seven areas where education and experience in oil and gas law prepares lawyers for advising companies, regulators, bankers and other stakeholders now investing in and regulating that future Energy Transition infrastructure. In each of these seven areas, this article shows how oil and gas legal and regulatory issues will have analogous challenges in low and zero-carbon infrastructure. Many of the same challenges that have faced oil and gas projects—capital flows, geopolitical risks, title concerns, creeping expropriation, land use and local opposition, evolving standards and maritime regulation—have analogues in Energy Transition infrastructure. Oil and gas lawyers, accordingly, come to the Energy Transition with a well-stocked toolkit. This article concludes by recognizing it is only a partial list of how working in oil and gas law prepares one for the Energy Transition.
Zur and zinc increase expression ofE. coliribosomal protein L31 through RNA-mediated repression of the repressor L31p
Authors: Rasmussen Rebecca A , Wang Suning , Camarillo Jeannie M , Sosnowski Victoria , Cho Byoung-Kyu , Goo Young Ah , Lucks Julius B , O’Halloran Thomas V 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBacteria can adapt in response to numerous stress conditions. One such stress condition is zinc depletion. The zinc-sensing transcription factor Zur regulates the way numerous bacterial species respond to severe changes in zinc availability. Under zinc sufficient conditions, Zn-loaded Zur (Zn2-Zur) is well-known to repress transcription of genes encoding zinc uptake transporters and paralogues of a few ribosomal proteins. Here, we report the discovery and mechanistic basis for the ability of Zur to up-regulate expression of the ribosomal protein L31 in response to zinc in E. coli. Through genetic mutations and reporter gene assays, we find that Zur achieves the up-regulation of L31 through a double repression cascade by which Zur first represses the transcription of L31p, a zinc-lacking paralogue of L31, which in turn represses the translation of L31. Mutational analyses show that translational repression by L31p requires an RNA hairpin structure within the l31 mRNA and involves the N-terminus of the L31p protein. This work uncovers a new genetic network that allows bacteria to respond to host-induced nutrient limiting conditions through a sophisticated ribosomal protein switching mechanism.
A subclass of archaeal U8-tRNA sulfurases requires a [4Fe–4S] cluster for catalysis
Authors: He Nisha , Zhou Jingjing , Bimai Ornella , Oltmanns Jonathan , Ravanat Jean-Luc , Velours Christophe , Schünemann Volker , Fontecave Marc , Golinelli-Pimpaneau Béatrice 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sulfuration of uridine 8, in bacterial and archaeal tRNAs, is catalyzed by enzymes formerly known as ThiI, but renamed here TtuI. Two different classes of TtuI proteins, which possess a PP-loop-containing pyrophosphatase domain that includes a conserved cysteine important for catalysis, have been identified. The first class, as exemplified by the prototypic Escherichia coli enzyme, possesses an additional C-terminal rhodanese domain harboring a second cysteine, which serves to form a catalytic persulfide. Among the second class of TtuI proteins that do not possess the rhodanese domain, some archaeal proteins display a conserved CXXC + C motif. We report here spectroscopic and enzymatic studies showing that TtuI from Methanococcus maripaludis and Pyrococcus furiosus can assemble a [4Fe–4S] cluster that is essential for tRNA sulfuration activity. Moreover, structural modeling studies, together with previously reported mutagenesis experiments of M. maripaludis TtuI, indicate that the [4Fe–4S] cluster is coordinated by the three cysteines of the CXXC + C motif. Altogether, our results raise a novel mechanism for U8-tRNA sulfuration, in which the cluster is proposed to catalyze the transfer of sulfur atoms to the activated tRNA substrate.
DRAGON: Determining Regulatory Associations using Graphical models on multi-Omic Networks
Authors: Shutta Katherine H , Weighill Deborah , Burkholz Rebekka , Guebila Marouen Ben , DeMeo Dawn L , Zacharias Helena U , Quackenbush John , Altenbuchinger Michael 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe increasing quantity of multi-omic data, such as methylomic and transcriptomic profiles collected on the same specimen or even on the same cell, provides a unique opportunity to explore the complex interactions that define cell phenotype and govern cellular responses to perturbations. We propose a network approach based on Gaussian Graphical Models (GGMs) that facilitates the joint analysis of paired omics data. This method, called DRAGON (Determining Regulatory Associations using Graphical models on multi-Omic Networks), calibrates its parameters to achieve an optimal trade-off between the network’s complexity and estimation accuracy, while explicitly accounting for the characteristics of each of the assessed omics ‘layers.’ In simulation studies, we show that DRAGON adapts to edge density and feature size differences between omics layers, improving model inference and edge recovery compared to state-of-the-art methods. We further demonstrate in an analysis of joint transcriptome - methylome data from TCGA breast cancer specimens that DRAGON can identify key molecular mechanisms such as gene regulation via promoter methylation. In particular, we identify Transcription Factor AP-2 Beta (TFAP2B) as a potential multi-omic biomarker for basal-type breast cancer. DRAGON is available as open-source code in Python through the Network Zoo package (netZooPy v0.8; netzoo.github.io).
Minnesota One Health Antibiotic Stewardship Collaborative: A Reproducible Approach to Facilitate Antimicrobial Stewardship Progress
Authors: Bollig Emma R , Hirsch Elizabeth B , Bueno Irene , Lynfield Ruth , Granick Jennifer L , Gens Krista D , Rashid Ayesha , Harris Kelly , Boeser Kimberly , Beaudoin Amanda L 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Minnesota One Health Antibiotic Stewardship Collaborative (MOHASC) was launched in 2016 with the mission of providing a collaborative environment to promote judicious antibiotic use and antibiotic stewardship (AS) and to reduce the impact of antibiotic-resistant pathogens of human, animal, and environmental health importance. MOHASC goals include improving AS programs in healthcare and veterinary medicine, advancing understanding of environmental impacts of antibiotic use, and promoting a One Health (OH) approach to AS. These goals are accomplished through quarterly meetings of 4 work groups, field trips, collaborative research, an annual member meeting, and public education events. This novel OH approach has strengthened multidisciplinary relationships within Minnesota and led to procurement of funding to enhance AS initiatives beyond the Collaborative. This perspective serves as a blueprint for other jurisdictions, and we advocate for use of this reproducible OH strategy to facilitate broad AS goals.
Mindfulness, Competition, and Sports Psychology: A Phenomenological Perspective
Authors: Mahalingam Ramaswami 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Mindfulness is defined as the awareness of our present, recognizing the changing nature of our thoughts, feelings, and emotions and the interdependent nature of human existence. This chapter provides an overview of existing research on mindfulness with a specific focus on sports psychology. Mindfulness-based interventions, in general, were found to improve athletic performance, flow experiences and emotional regulation. Although mindfulness-based interventions are beneficial to athletes, there is a significant gap in research on the impact of mindfulness practices in shaping the subjective experiences of athletes on the process of competition. This chapter proposes a phenomenological approach to mindful competition, outlining four critical interrelated avenues for research. First, we need more qualitative studies examining how mindfulness training helps athletes make sense of competition. Second, it is crucial to investigate the potential benefits of mindfulness during three stages of competition: (1) preparation, (2) performance, and (3) reflection. Because each step of the competition has unique demands, it is vital to investigate the usefulness of mindfulness beyond flow experiences and athletic performance. Third, sympathetic joy, our capacity to feel happy for other people’s happiness, is an essential mindfulness skill that will help athletes in group sports to rejoice with the success of their teammates. Finally, the mindfulness-based interventions also call for ethical behavior, emphasizing compassion and kindness with the potential to reduce cheating in sports.
Women’s Reproductive Trajectories after Spinal Cord
Injury
Authors: Dillaway Heather , Mashrah Alymamah , Marzolf Brianna , Fritz Heather , Tarraf Wassim , Lysack Catherine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Acquired disabilities are disabilities that develop during a person’s lifetime, including chronic illnesses, and aging-related impairments, as well as unexpected or accidental injuries. It is important to think about how individuals acquire, interpret, and live with these disabilities and track the disparate impacts on certain social groups across the life course. Furthermore, it is important to question social patterns that might exist in the onset of acquired disabilities. This chapter focuses on how the acquisition of physical disabilities can impact individuals and their life trajectories differently depending on timing of onset, individuals’ pre-injury experiences, and expectations for future life stages. The chapter presents data from a qualitative study of 20 women with spinal cord injuries (SCI) to examine how these injuries may occur at a variety of critical moments during the life course, and how individual women (and their partners and families) navigate different sexual and reproductive decisions and experiences post-injury depending on both the timing of their injury and other social locations. It applies a life-course perspective to understand the impact of acquired disabilities on normative life transitions as well as women’s expectations for those transitions post-injury. It argues that researchers and practitioners must attend to both the social patterns in disability acquisition and groups’ experiences of normative life transitions pre- and post-acquisition, to understand the varied meanings and experiences of disability and the different needs and expectations that individuals with disabilities have post-injury.
Connecting Hip Hop History and Heritage
Authors: Durden E. Moncell 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter investigates concepts in African American expressive practices, highlighting their transition to modern-day Hip Hop. To express this continuum, it draws on a range of examples, including rap music, jazz dance continuums, locking, and breaking. Afro-diasporic lineages of Hip Hop’s pioneers are foregrounded to challenge dominant perspectives on the modern emergence of Hip Hop, shedding light on dancers, DJs, and emcees, as well as on particular dance terms. Finally, Eurocentric hierarchical values that compromise Hip Hop’s cultural aesthetics and identity are brought to light. This analysis discusses the social dance foundations and their sociocultural context to encourage students who analyze and embody Hip Hop and its related culture to progress in their understandings. The chapter concludes with a social dance addendum.
Ligeti’s Distant Resonances with Spectralism
Authors: Levy Benjamin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines the relationships between György Ligeti and spectralism, both in terms of a similar repertoire of compositional techniques (including the use of interpolations, difference tones, and instrumental synthesis) and in terms of a more general aesthetic outlook or attitude. Many spectralists, including Gérard Grisey, Tristan Murail, Horaţiu Rădulescu, Kaija Saariaho, and Claude Vivier, have acknowledged varying degrees of influence from or respect for Ligeti, but also take care to differentiate their own works from his precedent. Conversely, in his later career, Ligeti found ways of expressing both admiration for and independence from spectralism. A comparative examination of these composers’ prose writings and musical compositions reveals some connections that are deeper, and others which are more superficial. Moreover, looking at these composers’ statements in their historical context can illuminate the political, artistic, and pragmatic reasons for their rhetorical positions. In the end, the ways in which both Ligeti and the spectral composers responded to ideas of “distance”—in the acoustic imitation of echoes and reverberations, but also the experience of geographical, cultural, and emotional distances common to their historical moment—form their most enduring connections.
Elections and Electoral Systems
Authors: Moon Woojin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter explains how the electoral system in South Korea has formed into a two-party-dominated system and identifies the elements that prevent a third party from winning seat shares proportional to its vote share. The chapter discusses the features that characterize political parties’ campaign strategies and the voting behaviour of South Korean citizens. Candidates pursue personal votes by focusing on negative campaigning and advertising their valences. This chapter also identifies two major position issues over which political parties compete and citizens make voting decisions. Although redistributive issues have recently become more salient, electoral competition has long revolved around inter-Korean issues. Citizens’ socio-economic statuses only have a meagre effect on their partisan support. Instead, citizens’ political attitudes have been formed differently across generations, as they have been exposed to different levels of anti-communism. Finally, the chapter explains the variation in regional voting in terms of party system polarization. As the ideological difference between parties has decreased, regional voting has intensified.
Indigenizing the Sociology of Race
Authors: Kukutai Tahu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The key Indigenous critique of mainstream sociology is the long-standing failure of the discipline to engage meaningfully with either the concept or lived reality of colonialism, which is evidenced in the mainstream scholarship of race. The Western-framed writings around race continue to miss or misrecognize core aspects of Indigenous lifeworlds. This critique is present in various forms across the nine chapters in this section. All chapters are linked by their engagement with race as a key concept of their analysis, and, more critically, in their presentation of alternative Indigenous philosophies on the sociology of race. In reading across the contributions, four central themes emerge: the distinctive processes and impacts of racialization for Indigenous Peoples in colonial settler states, the importance but oft-neglected aspect of sovereignty, the centrality of dispossession and land to Indigenous experiences of race, and the importance of local epistemologies for refashioning sociological concepts of race. These are discussed in turn.
Archewriting
Authors: Nair Rukmini Bhaya 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter proposes a composite answer to two interrelated questions about the origins of symbolic representation among humans. The first of these concerns the relatively recent development of writing systems in human history. Researchers agree that conventional scripts, whether of the alphabetic, syllabic, or ideographic kind, are approximately 5,000–7,000 years old at most, appearing at least 40,000 years after humans began to talk and exchange meanings. Why were scripts such “eleventh hour” latecomers? The second question has to do with the prevalence of narrative as an ancient, cross-cultural discourse universal. Why are narratives such pervasive structures when they are not, prima facie, the most efficient ways of transmitting information? The chapter builds an argument about the birth of forms of linear, recursive, and multimodal representation among humans that I term “archewriting.” Such a conceptualization seeks to capture key commonalities between narrative as a drawn-out, episodic, and interactive cognitive format suited to mnemonically conveying emotion and generating empathy, and line drawings by early humans that capture the idea of spatial, sequential patterning through the rousing abstractions of “art.” The chapter concludes by discussing the impact of both language and literacy policies, and contemporary technological changes, on the uses and cognitive corollaries of literacy.
The Evolution of the Biological Sciences
Authors: Gontier Nathalie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter introduces the main research schools and paradigms along which the field of evolutionary biology has been developing. Evolutionary thinking was originally founded upon the Neo-Darwinian paradigm that combines the teachings of traditional Darwinism with those of the Modern Synthesis. The Neo-Darwinian paradigm has since further diversified into the Micro-, Meso-, and Macroevolutionary schools, and it has also started to integrate the school of Ecology. Together, these schools establish the paradigm called Ecological Evolutionary Developmental Biology (Eco-Evo-Devo). A final school studies Reticulate Evolution as it occurs by means of symbiosis, symbiogenesis, lateral gene transfer, infective heredity, and hybridization. This chapter reviews the major tenets and points of differentiation that exist between these distinct evolution schools. The chapter ends by looking into how evolution can be defined and how distinct units, levels, and mechanisms underlie theorizing on evolutionary hierarchies and evolutionary causation. The following chapter examines how the different evolution schools are implemented into the symbolic sciences.
The Ethics of Brain Uploading
Authors: Minerva Francesca 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the ethics of brain uploading. It introduces brain uploading as a potential future technology aimed at creating one or more digital copies of a biological brain. Since digital entities do not age in the same way as biological entities do, the main reason why some people are interested in brain uploading is the desire to extend their lifespan by several years or indefinitely. The chapter details the practical procedures involved in brain uploading. It then considers the key questions surrounding brain uploading as a life extension tool, such as the conceivability of digital consciousness and the possibility of achieving a personal identity.