bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MDASI Immunotherapy for Early-Phase Trials Module: Validation and Application of the Chinese Version
Authors: Wu Xiaodan , Xie Jingyue , Lin Xiumei , Hua Limei , Ding Peirong , Liu Shuyue , Shi Simei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives: To translate, validate and use the Chinese version of the Immunotherapy of the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory for Early-Phase Trials module (MDASI-Immunotherapy EPT) to assess the symptom burden of cancer patients receiving immunotherapy in China.
Methods: The MDASI-Immunotherapy EPT was translated into Chinese using Brislin’s translation model and the back-translation method. In total, 312 Chinese-speaking colorectal cancer patients receiving immunotherapy were enrolled in the trial from August 2021 to July 2022 after receiving definitive diagnoses in our cancer center. The reliability and validity of the translated version was evaluated.
Results: Cronbach’s α values were 0.964 and 0.935 for the symptom severity and interference scales, respectively. Significant correlations were found between the MDASI-Immunotherapy EPT-C and FACT-G scores (-0.638–0.757, P < 0.001). Known-group validity was supported by significant differences in the scores of the four scales grouped by ECOG PS (all P < 0.01). The overall mean subscale scores for the core and interference subscales were 1.92 ± 1.75 and 1.46 ± 1.87, respectively. Fatigue, numbness/tingling, and disturbed sleep had the highest scores for the most serious symptoms.
Conclusion: The MDASI-Immunotherapy EPT-C showed adequate reliability and validity for measuring symptoms among Chinese-speaking colorectal cancer patients receiving immunotherapy. The tool could be used in clinical practice and clinical trials to instantly gather patients’ health and quality of life data and manage their symptoms in a timely manner.
Genome wide hypomethylation and youth-associated DNA gap reduction promoting DNA damage and senescence-associated pathogenesis
Authors: Watcharanurak Papitchaya , Mutirangura Apiwat 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Age-associated epigenetic alteration is the underlying cause of DNA damage in aging cells. Two types of youth-associated DNA-protection epigenetic marks, global methylation, and youth-associated genomic stabilization DNA gap (youth-DNA-gap) reduce when cell ages. The epigenomic mark reduction promotes DNA damage and accelerates aging hallmarks. While DNA hypomethylation destabilizes DNA by several mechanisms, the DNA sequence around the youth-DNA-gap is hypermethylated. Therefore, the genomic instability mechanisms underlying DNA hypomethylation and youth-DNA-gap reduction are linked.
Results: DNA gap prevents DNA damage by relieving the torsion forces caused by a twisted wave during DNA strand separation by transcription or replication. When the cells begin to age, hypomethylation and youth-DNA-gap reduction can occur as consequences of the efflux of intranuclear HMGB1. The methylated DNA gaps are formed by several proteins. Box A of HMGB1 possesses a molecular scissor role in producing youth-DNA-gaps. So the lack of a gap-producing role of HMGB1 results in a youth-DNA-gap reduction. The histone deacetylation role of SIRT1, an aging prevention protein, prevents DNA ends of youth-DNA-gaps from being recognized as pathologic DNA breaks. Youth-DNA-gaps are methylated and determined genome distribution by AGO4, an effector protein in RNA-directed DNA methylation. The lack of intranuclear HMGB1 promotes global hypomethylation due to two subsequent mechanisms. First is the loss of AGO4-methylating DNA. The other is the accumulation of DNA damage due to lacking HMGB1-produced DNA gap promoting DNA demethylation while undergoing DNA repair. DNA torsion due to youth-DNA-gap reduction increases DNA damage and, consequently, the DNA damage response (DDR). Persistent DDR promotes cellular senescence. Accumulating senescent cells leads to the deterioration of the structure and function of the human body. Rejuvenating DNA (RED) by adding DNA protection epigenetic marks using genomic stability molecule (GEM) such as box A of HMGB1 increases DNA durability, limits DNA damage, rejuvenates senescence cells, and improves organ structure and function deterioration due to aging.
Conclusion: Reducing youth-associated epigenetic marks is a degenerative diseases' primary molecular pathogenesis mechanism. REDGEM is a new therapeutic strategy inhibiting the upstream molecular aging process that will revolutionize the treatment of DNA damage or age-associated diseases and conditions.
Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infant Protection Against SARS-CoV-2 During the First 6 Months of Life
Authors: Zerbo Ousseny , Ray G. Thomas , Fireman Bruce , Layefsky Evan , Goddard Kristin , Lewis Edwin , Ross Pat , Omer Saad , Greenberg Mara , Klein Nicola 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We examined the effectiveness of maternal vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection in 30,288 infants born at Kaiser Permanente Northern California from December 15, 2020, to May 31, 2022. Using Cox regression, the effectiveness of maternal vaccination was 85% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 67, 93), 64% (CI: 43, 78) and 57% (CI: 36,71) during the first 2, 4 and 6 months of life, respectively, in the Delta variant period. In the Omicron variant period, the effectiveness of maternal vaccination in these three age intervals was 22% (CI: -18,48), 14% (CI: -10,32) and 12% (CI: -4,26), respectively. Over the entire study period, the incidence of hospitalization for COVID-19 was lower during the first 6 months of life among infants of vaccinated mothers compared with infants of unvaccinated mothers (21/100,000 person-years vs. 100/100,000 person-years). Maternal vaccination was protective, but protection was lower during Omicron than during Delta. Protection during both periods decreased as infants aged.
Multifunctional single-solvent electrolytes for safe and stable Li metal batteries
Authors: Xu Zhixin , Zhang Xiyue , Yang Jun , Cui Xuzixu , Nuli Yanna , Wang Jiulin , Wang Chunsheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Current electrolytes of mixing different functional solvents inherit both merits and weaknesses of each solvent, thus cannot simultaneously meet all the requirements of high energy and power, high safety, and long cycle life for Li metal batteries. Electrolyte design has to compromise these requisite performances. Here, we design a single solvent electrolyte by intergrading different functional groups into one molecule enabling Li metal batteries to simultaneously achieve high energy and power, high safety, and long cycle life. An ether-functionalized fluorophosphate electrolyte is synthesized by integrating flame-retardant phosphate, Li-stable ethers, and nonflammable fluorine into one molecule and using them to dissolve Li[(FSO2)(n-C4F9SO2)N] salts. The single-solvent electrolyte has a wide electrochemical stability window of > 5.4V enabling a Li anode to achieve high Coulombic efficiency of > 99.3%, Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 coin cell to maintain capacity retention of 92% after 500 cycles, and the 3.5-Ah Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 pouch cell to deliver a high energy density of 531 Wh kg− 1 without any flame and expansion after cycled under extreme conditions. Furthermore, the single-solvent electrolyte is intrinsically safe (no flash point) enabling the thermostable Li||LiFePO4 cells to operate at a high temperature of 90 ℃ without capacity decay for 200 cycles and with a minor capacity reduction when the current increases from 0.5C to 5C. This work provides a new direction for rational design of multifunctional single-solvent electrolytes for Li metal batteries.
Bioproducts from the pyrolytic lignin separation of fast-pyrolysis bio-oil: Potential of water-soluble fraction generated in a simple cold-water extraction method
Authors: Dias Ivana Amorim , Horta Rayta Paim , Matos Mailson , Helm Cristiane Vieira , Magalhães Washington Luiz Esteves , de Lima Edson Alves , Silva Bruno José Gonçalves da , de Muniz Graciela Ines Bolzon , de Cademartori Pedro Henrique Gonzalez 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEffective liquid-liquid fractionation methods of the heavy bio-oil have been pursued to improve the key biomass functionalities. Here, fast-pyrolysis bio-oil derived from eucalypt wood was fractionated in cold water to separate insoluble- and water-soluble fractions. We focus on the water-soluble fraction, a promising renewable source of chemicals with potential antimicrobial approaches. Fast-pyrolysis bio-oil was fractionated in three oil-to-water ratios, 1:100, 1:50, and 1:35, separating the pyrolytic lignin and producing water-soluble fractions as byproducts. The water-soluble fractions were analytically investigated through physicochemical properties, chemical composition by chromatography, phenolic content, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, and their storage stability. Higher water content in the pyrolytic lignin separation resulted in higher yield and solids concentration in the water-soluble fractions, with the presence of high value-added chemicals, such as catechol, vanillin, and levoglucosan. Levoglucosan was the dominant chemical identified in the water-soluble fractions, notably for the 1:50 oil-to-water ratio. These remarkable chemicals and a high phenolic content contribute to both high antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Despite the low concentration, all water-soluble fractions exhibited intense inhibition ofTrametes versicolorandGloeophyllum trabeumfungi. The fraction 1:50 completely inhibited the fungal activity. Both 1:100 and 1:50 fractions showed antibacterial activity forEscherichia coliandStaphylococcus aureus. Regardless of the oil-to-water ratio, water-soluble fractions exhibited a relative storage chemical stability under accelerated aging conditions for 43 days. Therefore, water-soluble fractions of fast-pyrolysis bio-oil derived from a simple method to separate pyrolytic lignin are functional materials with remarkable properties and, hence, upgrading bio-oil based on their functionalities.
Experiences of oncology nurses caring for patients with solid-tumor bone metastasis: A qualitative study
Authors: Shan Jing , Lv Sumei , Li Tianhua , Wang Shuangyan , Zhang Congcong , Li Jingwen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The aims of this study were to understand the experiences of oncology nurses caring for patients with solid-tumor bone metastases and provide a theoretical basis for oncology nurses to formulate a standardized training and management system for patients with bone metastases,so as to improve the ability of patients to care for their own bone health.
Methods: A phenomenological, qualitative study design with objective sampling was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 oncology nurses in a third-grade a cancer hospital in Hebei Province from March to June 2022. Data collection and analysis proceeded simultaneously until data saturation was reached. The Colaizzi seven-step method of data analysis was used to analyze the data and refine the themes.
Results: The experiences of oncology nurses caring for patients with solid-tumor bone metastases could be summarized into five themes: the oncology nurses have insufficient knowledge of the diseases of patients with solid-tumor bone metastases; Oncology nurses have a sense of weakness in managing patients with solid-tumor bone metastases; oncology nurses only pay attention to the primary disease and individual symptoms of patients with solid-tumor bone metastasis; oncology nurses hope to acquire more knowledge related to bone metastasis; and the role of oncology nurses in managing patients with solid-tumor bone metastases is ambiguous.
Conclusion: The experiences of oncology nurses caring for patients with solid-tumor bone metastases are multi-dimensional. The interview results suggest that nursing managers need to strengthen nurse training related to bone metastases, formulate comprehensive and standardized nursing protocols for patients with bone metastases, and provide evidence-based support for nurses of patients with bone metastases. These changes could improve the self-management ability of bone health, delay the occurrence of skeletal-related events, and improve patient’ quality life.
Real-world efficacy and prognostic factors of lenvatinib plus PD-1 inhibitors in 378 unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Yang Xu , Che Bowen , Wang Yanyu , Wang Yunchao , Long Junyu , Zhang Nan , Xue Jingnan , Xun Ziyu , Zhang Linzhi , Cheng Jiamin , Lei Jin , Sun Huishan , Li Yiran , Lin Jianzhen , Xie Fucun , Wang Dongxu , Pan Jie , Hu Ke , Guan Mei , Huo Li , Shi Jie , Yu Lingxiang , Zhou Lin , Zhou Jinxue , Lu Zhenhui , Yang Xiaobo , Mao Yilei , Snag Xinting , Lu Yinying , Zhao Haitao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction Combining lenvatinib with a programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor has been explored for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). This study aimed to investigate the real-world efficacy and prognostic factors of lenvatinib plus PD-1 inhibitor in large cohorts of Asia uHCC patients. Methods Patients with uHCC treated with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors were included. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints were the response rate (ORR) and adverse events (AEs). Prognostic factors of survival were also analysed. Results A total of 378 uHCC patients from two medical centres in China were included retrospectively. The median age was 55 years, and 86.5% of patients were male. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (89.9%) was the dominant aetiology. The median OS was 17.8 (95% confidence intervals (CIs) 14.0-21.6) months. The median PFS was 6.9 (95% CI 6.0-7.9) months. The best objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 19.6% and 73.5%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, Child-Pugh score, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score, involved organs, tumour burden score, and combination with local therapy were independent prognostic factors for OS. 100% and 57.9% patients experienced all grade and grade 3/4 treatment-emergent AEs. Conclusion This real-world study of lenvatinib plus PD-1 inhibitors demonstrated long survival and considerable ORRs and DCRs for uHCC patients in China. The tolerability of combination therapy was acceptable but still be monitored closely.
Relationships between tic disorders and obscure neurodevelopmental disorders in preschool-aged children: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Fujio Miyuki , Kawai Takao , Fujiwara Mayu , Matsuda Natsumi , Nonaka Maiko , Goto Ryunosuke , Kono Toshiaki , Nobuyoshi Marina , Kano Yukiko 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Associations between tic disorders and other neurodevelopmental disorders, such as stuttering, dyslexia, and developmental coordination disorder (DCD) in preschool children are unknown, especially in Japan. This study investigated these associations and their relationship with the support requirements using new screening tool named “Check List of obscure disabilities in Preschoolers” (CLASP).
Methods
We distributed questionnaires to the guardians of children aged 5 or 6 years old in the final grade of preschool. In total, we collected 103 responses. After excluding the responses with missing answers and those that did not provide consent, we analyzed 98 responses. We used t-tests with unequal variances and Spearman’s correlation coefficients to investigate the associations between tic disorders and other neurodevelopmental disorders. We also conducted a two-step hierarchical multiple regression analysis to examine how the severity of tic and other neurodevelopmental disorders symptoms was associated with the support requirements of parents.
Results
T-tests and correlation analyses suggested weak relationships between tics and stuttering and dyslexia. Conversely, tics and DCD had a significant and robust correlation. Furthermore, multiple regression analyses demonstrated that tics and DCD were significantly associated with parents requiring support.
Conclusions
These results suggest a relationship between tics and DCD in preschool children. More research on these relationships could promote additional support for children of this age with tic and neurodevelopmental disorders and their parents.
Automatic retinopathy of prematurity stagingwith a semi-supervised deep learning method based on dual consistency regularization
Authors: feng Wei , Ju Lie , Ma Tong , Ge Zongyuan , chen Yuzhong , Huang Qiujing , Zhao Peiquan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is currently one of the leading causes ofinfant blindness worldwide. In recent years, significant progress has been made incomputer-aided diagnostic methods based on deep learning. However, deeplearning is often data hungry, with its need for large amounts of annotated datafor model optimization, and in clinical scenarios, annotated data requires longhours of effort by experienced physicians. In contrast, a large number ofunlabelled images are relatively easy to obtain. In this paper, we propose a newsemi-supervised learning framework to reduce annotation costs by using partiallylabelled images and a large number of unlabelled images for automatic ROPstaging. Our semi-supervised deep learning framework consists of a studentmodel and a teacher model. We input images that have undergone differentperturbations into the student and teacher models. By encouraging consistencyof predicted output and inter-sample semantic structure between the student andteacher models, useful discriminative information is mined from the unlabelleddata to improve model classification performance. The teacher model parametersare updated by an exponential moving average algorithm. We have conductedextensive experiments on a real clinical dataset. Using only 30% of the labelledimages, our method achieves area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) of0.8630, Accuracy of 0.7895, Sensitivity of 0.7868, and Specificity of 0.8010. Theclassification performance of our method is close to that of using all 100%labelled images when the proportion of labelled images is 50%.
The Role of Texture Analysis of MRI in Prediction of Local Recurrence and Distant Metastasis in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A retrospective Cohort study
Authors: Alrahawy Mahmoud , Aker Medhet , Ganeshan Balaji , zeinaldin Ashraf , Arulampalam Tan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is treated by neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) followed by surgery after restaging with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Texture analysis (TA) is a novel imaging biomarker that can assess heterogeneity in MRIs by measuring grey-level intensities distribution. This study hypothesizes that TA of MRI is an imaging biomarker that can predict local recurrence and distant metastasis.
Method
This is a retrospective analysis of all patients diagnosed with LARC who received NCRT and had MRI scans between 2003–2014 at Colchester University Hospital. Region of interest was drawn around the tumor or its location on T2 MRI images. Six texture parameters were systematically extracted from Textural histograms of post-treatment scans. These parameters were examined to determine their ability to predict local recurrence and distant metastases through Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests.
Results
113 patients with LARC were included. Two texture parameters were significantly able to predict local recurrence: Entropy (p = 0.033) and mean of positive pixels (MPP) (p = 0.045). Five parameters were able to predict distant metastases: SD(p = 0.015), entropy(p = 0.017), MPP(p = 0.005), skewness (p = 0.046), and Kurtosis (P = 0.019). Upon dichotomizing by the optimal cut-off values, Kaplan-Meier Log rank test showed that entropy and skewness significantly predicted distant metastases.
Conclusions
MRI textural features are potentially significant imaging biomarkers in predicting local recurrence and distant metastases in LARC.
A novel third generation solar cells feeding water pumping system under partial shading conditions
Authors: Zaky Alaa A. , Selim F. , Yousif Bedir , Sergeant Peter , Hristoforou Evangelos , Ibrahim Mohamed N. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this work, a proposed 3rd generation photovoltaics array called dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) feeding a synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) during partial shading conditions is investigated and experimentally implemented for a water pumping system performance enhancement. In the pumping system under investigation for attaining maximum power from the DSSCs array a proposed control strategy for driving the conventional inverter which is directly matches the array and the SynRM is implemented. Thus the system has not neither a dc-dc converter nor batteries. The proposed control strategy of the inverter also enables driving the SynRM at maximum possible torque/ Ampere. As a result a noticeable enhancement in the system performance is achieved and both the system cost and complexity are reduced. Furthermore, the system investigated under both uniform and partial shading situations based on two maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques. The first one is the conservative perturb and observe (P&O) MPPT while the other is differential evolution (DE) based MPPT. The results reveal that during the uniform irradiation case both of the MPPT succeeded to efficiently track the point of maximum power. While, during the partial shading scenarios the DSSCs array output power is higher at using DE MPPT than the case of using P&O MPPT. Consequently, the water pump flow rate is higher at using DE MPPT during partial shading. Moreover, a complete lab bench test is constructed to validate the simulation work experimentally where agreement between simulation and experimental results is detected.
Anxiety symptoms in Chinese people who use methamphetamine: Prevalence, demographics, and clinical characteristic
Authors: Zhang Wanni , Wo Ye , Li Yanli , Wang Dongmei , Zhou Huixia , Cui Lixia , Tian Yang , Chen Jiajing , Zhu Rongrong , Li Yuqing , Fan Fusheng , Fu Fabing , Wei Dejun , Tang Shanshan , Zhang Xiangyang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Anxiety is a common comorbidity during methamphetamine withdrawal. However, few studies have investigated comorbid anxiety in methamphetamine- dependent patients in the Chinese population. The main purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence and factors associated with comorbid anxiety during withdrawal in Chinese male methamphetamine dependent individuals.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 802 methamphetamine use patients from a drug rehabilitation center in China and collected general and sociodemographic information. For all participants, we used the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) self-report scale to assess anxiety symptoms, the Desire for Drug Questionnaire (DDQ) to assess drug craving, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality.
Results
The prevalence of comorbid anxiety symptoms in MA use patients was 19.7% (157/796). Chi-square test showed significant differences in suicidal ideation, smoking, craving, and sleep disturbances between MA use patients with and without anxiety symptoms (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, binary logistic regression revealed that suicidal ideation, drug craving, and sleep disturbances were associated with anxiety symptoms in MA use patients (all p < 0.05). Correlation analysis demonstrated that anxiety symptoms were positively associated with suicidal ideation, withdrawal period, and drug craving, but negatively with sleep quality (all p < 0.05). Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that suicidal ideation, withdrawal period, drug craving, and sleep quality remained significantly associated with the severity of anxiety symptoms.
Conclusion
Our results indicate a relatively higher prevalence of comorbid anxiety in Chinese MA use patients. Some sociodemographic and clinical variables are associated with comorbid anxiety in MA use patients during withdrawal.