bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parametric optimization of friction stir welding process parameters of dissimilar welded joints using grey relational analysis and desirability function approach
Authors: Nadikudi Bhanodaya Kiran Babu 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
The main purpose of the present work is to study the multi response optimization of dissimilar friction stir welding (FSW) process parameters using Taguchi-based grey relational analysis and desirability function approach (DFA).

Design/methodology/approach
The welded sheets were fabricated as per Taguchi orthogonal array design. The effects of tool rotational speed, transverse speed and tool tilt angle process parameters on ultimate tensile strength and hardness were analyzed using grey relational analysis, and DFA and optimum parameters combination was determined.

Findings
The tensile strength and hardness values were evaluated from the welded joints. The optimum values of process parameters were estimated through grey relational analysis and DFA methods. Similar kind of optimum levels of process parameters were obtained through two optimization approaches as tool rotational speed of 1150 rpm, transverse speed of 24 mm/min and tool tilt angle of 2° are the best process parameters combination for maximizing both the tensile strength and hardness. Through these studies, it was confirmed that grey relational analysis and DFA methods can be used to find the multi response optimum values of FSW process parameters.

Research limitations/implications
In the present study, the FSW is performed with L9 orthogonal array design with three process parameters such as tool rotational speed, transverse speed and tilt angle and three levels.

Practical implications
Aluminium alloys are widely using in automotive and aerospace industries due to holding a high strength to weight property.

Originality/value
Very limited work had been carried out on multi objective optimization techniques such as grey relational analysis and DFA on friction stir welded joints made with dissimilar aluminium alloys sheets.
Relationships between above‐ground plant traits and carbon cycling in tundra plant communities
Authors: Happonen Konsta , Virkkala Anna‐Maria , Kemppinen Julia , Niittynen Pekka , Luoto Miska 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

The trait composition and trait diversity of plant communities are globally applicable predictors of ecosystem functioning. Yet, it is unclear how plant traits influence carbon cycling. This is an important question in the tundra where vegetation shifts are occurring across the entire biome, and where soil organic carbon stocks are large and vulnerable to environmental change.

To study how plant traits affect carbon cycling in the tundra, we built a model that explained carbon cycling (above‐ground and soil organic carbon stocks, and photosynthetic and respiratory fluxes) with abiotic conditions (air temperature and soil moisture), and the averages and within‐community variabilities of three above‐ground traits: plant height, leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and SLA. These functional parameters were represented by abundance‐weighted means and standard deviations of species traits. The data were collected from an observational study setting from northern Finland.

The explanatory power of the models was relatively high, but a large part of variation in soil organic carbon stocks remained unexplained. Average plant height was the strongest predictor of all carbon cycling variables except soil carbon stocks. Communities of larger plants were associated with larger CO2 fluxes and above‐ground carbon stocks. Communities with fast leaf economics (i.e. high SLA and low LDMC) had higher photosynthesis, ecosystem respiration and soil organic carbon stocks.

Within‐community variability in plant height, SLA and LDMC affected ecosystem functions differently. Variability in SLA and LDMC increased CO2 fluxes and soil organic carbon stocks, while variability in height increased the above‐ground carbon stock. The contributions of within‐community trait variability metrics to ecosystem functioning within the study area were about as important as those of average SLA and LDMC.

Synthesis. Plant height, SLA and LDMC have clear effects on tundra carbon cycling. The importance of within‐community trait variability highlights a potentially important mechanism controlling the vast tundra carbon pools that should be better recognized. More research on root traits and decomposer communities is needed to understand the below‐ground mechanisms regulating carbon cycling in the tundra.
Assessing the status of leopard in the Cape Fold Mountains using a Bayesian spatial capture–recapture model in Just Another Gibbs Sampler
Authors: Amin Rajan , Wilkinson Anita , Williams Kathryn S. , Martins Quinton E. , Hayward Jeannie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLarge carnivores are in decline globally. The leopard's (Panthera pardus) adaptability enabled its survival as the last remaining apex predator in the Western Cape, South Africa. Limited suitable habitat and anthropogenic activity imperil the continued survival of leopards, yet density estimates are lacking in the Western Cape, especially across unprotected areas. We employ the flexible modelling environment of Just Another Gibbs Sampler (JAGS) to implement a Bayesian spatial capture–recapture (SCR) model and generate the first density estimate for the leopard population in the Boland Mountain Complex using a dataset collected in 2010–2011. Leopard density was estimated at 1.69/100 km2(95% CI = 1.4–1.99) with adult female leopards occurring at a higher density (0.93/100 km2[95% CI = 0.64–1.18]) than males (0.76/100 km2[95% CI = 0.62–0.90]). Our modelling shows that males have more extensive ranges than females, increasing their susceptibility to anthropogenic threats, which are generally more abundant at the study area's periphery. Tailored conservation efforts are recommended in conjunction with an up‐to‐date leopard population density reassessment. The JAGS approach to SCR also enabled a detailed investigation of animal distribution and movement, and provides a reliable methodology to monitor population trends.
Retracted: Artificial intelligence for classification and regression tree based feature selection method for network intrusion detection system in various telecommunication technologies
Authors: Kumar Neeraj , Kumar Upendra 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNow a days, secure data communication over computer network system is a major issue in which impact of feature reduction plays a vital role to secure network by early detection of intrusion. It not only keeps a deep impact on the performance of existing Intrusion Detection System (IDS) algorithms but also affects the computational complexity. Although lots of techniques have been offered for feature reduction by researchers and they have their own perks and quirks, but still they are several flows. To manipulate the same dataset for different classifiers and to select different number of features for the detection of attacks are not only having too much computational cost but also time consuming. The experiments have been carried out using “Python” programming language based library “Scikit‐Learn” software on “Kddcup99” dataset from UCI machine learning repository as a test bed. In this article a classification and regression trees (CART) based feature selection algorithm has been proposed which offers optimum set of features. Further optimum set of features has been offered by our proposed work passed over various classifiers for training and testing to establish network intrusion detection system (NIDS). We have compared the performance accuracy of various existing machine learning (ML) based classification algorithms and obtained higher performance accuracy with lower computational cost. The proposed algorithm having optimum time complexity and accuracy in designing of IDS.
A case study of a patient‐centered reverse translational systems‐based approach to understand adverse event profiles in drug development
Authors: Kim Sarah , Lahu Gezim , Vakilynejad Majid , Soldatos Theodoros G. , Jackson David B. , Lesko Lawrence J. , Trame Mirjam N. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAdverse drug reactions (ADRs) of targeted therapy drugs (TTDs) are frequently unexpected and long‐term toxicities detract from exceptional efficacy of new TTDs. In this proof‐of‐concept study, we explored how molecular causation involved in trastuzumab‐induced cardiotoxicity changes when trastuzumab was given in combination with doxorubicin, tamoxifen, paroxetine, or lapatinib. The data analytical platform Molecular Health Effect was utilized to map population ADR data from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System to chemical and biological databases (such as UniProt and Reactome), for hypothesis generation regarding the underlying molecular mechanisms causing cardiotoxicity. Disproportionality analysis was used to assess the statistical relevance between adverse events of interest and molecular causation. Literature search was performed to compare the established hypotheses to published experimental findings. We found that the combination therapy of trastuzumab and doxorubicin may affect mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes through different molecular pathways such as BCL‐X and PGC‐1α proteins, leading to a synergistic effect of cardiotoxicity. We found, on the other hand, that trastuzumab‐induced cardiotoxicity would be diminished by concomitant use of tamoxifen, paroxetine, and/or lapatinib. Tamoxifen and paroxetine may cause less cardiotoxicity through an increase in antioxidant activities, such as glutathione conjugation. Lapatinib may decrease the apoptotic effects in cardiomyocytes by altering the effects of trastuzumab on BCL‐X proteins. This patient‐centered systems‐based approach provides, based on the trastuzumab‐induced ADR cardiotoxicity, an example of how to apply reverse translation to investigate ADRs at the molecular pathway and target level to understand the causality and prevalence during drug development of novel therapeutics.
Listening with the Dead Other
Authors: Amoozegar Farzad 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article examines how ethics are formed for an Iranian paraplegic, a veteran of the 1980–1988 Iran–Iraq War, through a mode of listening that is committed to receiving the dead other. I draw on relational ethics to express how an ethical subject is shaped through the other, even in the other's absence. The dead other places a demand on the self, creating the foundation of a response and responsibility for the deceased. Thus, a unique relationship is developed that is beyond time, a responsiveness through which the living can attend to the dead. This demand by the dead other creates a responsibility for the living that goes beyond the finite temporality of a lifespan. Listening becomes a way of existing face‐to‐face with a nonresponsive other and, at the same time, of seeking to be responsible toward the dead other.
Engaging fathers: Expanding the scope of evidence‐based home visiting programs
Authors: Osborne Cynthia , DeAnda Jacqueline , Benson Kaeley 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis descriptive study broadens the scope of father participation in home visiting and examines how fathers' participation varies by demographic and family characteristics.BackgroundConsistent and supportive father involvement is associated with positive outcomes for children. Although parenting programs during early childhood provide opportunities to influence fathers' involvement with their children, father participation in these programs is low.MethodWe developed and administered a survey to mothers participating in home visiting programs (N = 1,386) to describe how fathers participate in home visiting programs. A series of logistic regression analyses were used to describe how father participation varied across key factors.ResultsFathers frequently engaged with home visiting in ways that were more indirect, and therefore go unreported by home visitors (e.g., asking mothers about a missed home visit, doing homework or practicing lessons from the visit with the child). Father participation varied based on the relationship and coresidence status between the child's mother and father, father's employment status, and age of the child.ConclusionFindings suggest that fathers engage in home visiting more frequently than previously measured, as they often participate in ways that are not directly observed and reported by home visitors.ImplicationsExpanding the scope of what defines father participation provides home visiting program staff a better understanding of how fathers participate in the programs and, consequently, how to target father engagement strategies. Informed engagement strategies may be more effective for increasing father engagement and the impact of father participation for families and children.
Evaluating the reading and listening outcomes of beginning‐level Duolingo courses
Authors: Jiang Xiangying , Rollinson Joseph , Plonsky Luke , Gustafson Erin , Pajak Bozena 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDuolingo is a commercial language‐teaching platform that offers free courses on the web and on mobile apps. This study reports the ACTFL listening and reading proficiency levels of adult Duolingo learners who had completed beginning‐level courses in Spanish or French. The participants (n = 225) were learners residing in the United States, had little to no prior proficiency in the target language, and used Duolingo as their only learning tool. The Duolingo learners reached Intermediate Low in reading and Novice High in listening. No other skills were assessed. Their reading and listening scores were comparable with those of university students at the end of the fourth semester of study. The findings of the study suggest that Duolingo can be an effective tool for foreign language learning.
Does psychological distance and religiosity influence fraudulent customer behaviour?
Authors: Sharma Shavneet , Singh Gurmeet , Gaur Loveleen , Sharma Rashmini 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOnline businesses incur significant losses because of fraudulent customer behaviour. This study investigates the factors motivating fraudulent customer intention on eBay. A conceptual framework is developed that extends the theory of planned behaviour with religiosity factors, social detection risk, ethical judgement, and moderating factor of perceived psychological distance. A quantitative methodology is adopted that collects data from 450 respondents. Covariance‐based structural equation modelling is used to analyse the proposed hypotheses. Results reveal that intrinsic and extrinsic religiously negatively influences attitude towards fraudulent customer behaviour on eBay. Attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control positively influence fraudulent customer intentions, while ethical judgement negatively impacts it. Psychological distance strengthened the relationship between attitude, perceived behavioural control, and fraudulent customer intentions on eBay. Additionally, the association between ethical judgement and fraud intention was weaker for individuals with higher perceived psychological distance. The study contributes to the literature and provides insights to online businesses and cyber security developers into factors motivating fraudulent customer behaviour and strategies that can be used to combat this growing threat.
Incidence, circulation, and spatiotemporal analysis of seasonal influenza in Shandong, China, 2008–2019: A retrospective study
Authors: Liu Ti , Wang Ping , Meng Fanyu , Ding Guoyong , Wu Julong , Song Shaoxia , Sun Lin , Zhang Shengyang , Li Zhong , Xing Weijia , Wang Xianjun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding the influenza‐like illness (ILI) incidence, circulation pattern of virus strains and spatiotemporal pattern of influenza transmission are important for designing control interventions. Based on the 10 years' surveillance data, we aimed to provide a baseline characterization and the epidemiology and dynamics of influenza virus in Shandong.MethodsWe extracted surveillance and laboratory testing data. We estimated the ILI incidence and analyzed the predominant virus. A wavelet power analysis was used to illustrate the periodicity. In addition, we applied a linear regression model to characterize the correlation of influenza seasonality with longitude.ResultsThe average ILI incidence was estimated to be 3744.79 per 1 million (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2558.09–4931.45) during 2009–2018. Influenza A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 strains predominated in the most influenza seasons in Shandong. The annual amplitude of influenza epidemics decreased with longitude (P < 0.05). In contrast, the epidemic peak of influenza emerged earlier in the western region and increased with longitude in influenza A (P < 0.05). The annual peak of the influenza B epidemic lagged a median of 4.2 weeks compared with that of influenza A.ConclusionsThe development or modification of seasonal influenza vaccination strategies requires the recognition that the incidence is higher in preschool‐ and school‐aged children. Although seasonal influenza circulates annually in Shandong, the predominant virus strain circulation pattern is extremely unpredictable and strengthening surveillance for the predominant virus strain is necessary. Lower longitude inland regions need to take nonpharmaceutical or pharmaceutical interventions in advance during influenza high‐occurrence seasons.
CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing and natural variation analysis demonstrate the potential for HvARE1 in improvement of nitrogen use efficiency in barley
Authors: Karunarathne Sakura D. , Han Yong , Zhang Xiao‐Qi , Li Chengdao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNitrogen is a major determinant of grain yield and quality. As excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer leads to environmental pollution and high production costs, improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is fundamental for a sustainable agriculture. Here, we dissected the role of the barley abnormal cytokinin response1 repressor 1 (HvARE1) gene, a candidate for involvement in NUE previously identified in a genome‐wide association study, through natural variation analysis and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (Cas9)‐mediated gene editing. HvARE1 was predominantly expressed in leaves and shoots, with very low expression in roots under low nitrogen conditions. Agrobacterium‐mediated genetic transformation of immature embryos (cv. Golden Promise) with single guide RNAs targeting HvARE1 generated 22 T0 plants, from which four T1 lines harbored missense and/or frameshift mutations based on genotyping. Mutant are1 lines exhibited an increase in plant height, tiller number, grain protein content, and yield. Moreover, we observed a 1.5‐ to 2.8‐fold increase in total chlorophyll content in the flag leaf at the grain filling stage. Delayed senescence by 10–14 d was also observed in mutant lines. Barley are1 mutants had high nitrogen content in shoots under low nitrogen conditions. These findings demonstrate the potential of ARE1 in NUE improvement in barley.
Technological Entry, Redeployability, and Firm Value
Authors: Amore Mario Daniele , Mastrogiorgio Mariano 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe provide a framework that enriches our understanding of resource redeployability, i.e., the value‐generating option to withdraw resources from one use and reallocate them to another use. Existing works largely assume that the new uses of a resource are known ex ante and easily identifiable by managers. However, several cases from different industries suggest that new uses often emerge while a firm’s technology base radiates into new domains. We analyse how a firm’s technology base, by radiating into new domains that potentially reveal new uses and resource redeployment options, can spur firm value. We develop five hypotheses on the relationship between technological entry into new domains and firm value, and test them using a novel patent‐based measure in a panel of US firms.
Value of life and annuity demand
Authors: Pashchenko Svetlana , Porapakkarm Ponpoje 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHow does the value of life affect annuity demand? To address this question, we construct a portfolio choice problem with three key features: (i) agents have access to life‐contingent assets, (ii) they always prefer living to dying, (iii) agents have nonexpected utility preferences. We show that as utility from being alive increases, annuity demand decreases (increases) if agents are more (less) averse to risk rather than to intertemporal fluctuations. Put differently, if people prefer early resolution of uncertainty, they are less interested in annuities when the value of life is high. Our findings have two important implications. First, we get a better understanding of the well‐known annuity puzzle. Second, we argue that the observed low annuity demand provides evidence that people prefer early rather than late resolution of uncertainty.
Mitigative effects of Eleutheroside E against the mechanical barrier dysfunction induced by soybean agglutinin in IPEC‐J2 cell line
Authors: Zhao Bao , Fan Yueli , Li Huijuan , Zhang Chun , Han Rui , Che Dongsheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSoybean agglutinin (SBA) is an anti‐nutritional factor which decreases the mechanical barrier function in intestinal porcine jejunum epithelial cells (IPEC‐J2). Eleutheroside E (EE) is a key part of Acanthopanax senticosus to exert pharmacological effects. This study aims to investigate the effects of EE on the barrier function in IPEC‐J2 cells and to determine the ability of EE to enhance the protective effect of barrier function against SBA exposure. The IPEC‐J2 cells were cultured in mediums with concentration of 0.1 mg/ml EE, 0.5 ml/ml SBA and 0.1 mg/ml EE pre‐treated then treated with 0.5 mg/ml SBA. Then, the transepithelial electric resistance (TEER) value, inflammatory cytokines mRNA expression, tight junction mRNA and protein expression were tested by epithelial Voltohm meter, q‐PCR and Western blot method respectively. The results showed that cells treated with 0.1 mg/ml EE had lower permeability (p < 0.05) while 0.5 mg/ml SBA treatment had higher permeability through tested TEER, and higher tight junction proteins (Claudin‐3 and ZO‐1) expressions and genes (Claudin‐3, Occludin and ZO‐1) expressions (p < 0.05) in 0.1 mg/ml EE group. IPEC‐J2 cells pre‐treated with 0.1 mg/ml EE could significantly improve the inflammatory response caused by 0.5 mg/ml SBA by up‐regulation for IL‐10, TGF‐β, and down‐regulation gene expression of IL‐6, TNF‐α and IFN‐γ (p < 0.05). In conclusion, 0.1 mg/ml EE can improve the mechanical barrier function and could protect the effects while 0.5 mg/ml of SBA‐induced barrier dysfunction in IPEC‐J2.