bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Quantum Mechanics Solve the Hard Problem of Consciousness?
Authors: Hiley Basil J. , Pylkkänen Paavo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe paper proposes that quantum theory implies a radically new notion of matter which has not been properly understood before David Bohm’s groundbreaking work. Bohm proposed that the fundamental particles of physics (such as electrons) are not merely pushed around mechanically by classical forces but are also able to respond to information. Information is thus assumed to be an objective commodity which can exist independently of the human mind and which actively guides or instructs physical processes. This notion of active information also applies in computational, biological and psychological phenomena, thus helping us to understand how the mental and the physical sides of reality are related. It may even help us to understand the nature of conscious experience. The latter part of the paper considers the deeper mathematical and physical background of quantum theory and suggests that we need to revise our basic assumptions about quantum objects, such as the role of the wave function.
Housing
Authors: Sprinson John , Berrick Ken 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Chapter 1 is concerned with problems that arise for system-involved families in finding safe, clean, and affordable housing. The chapter considers housing as both concrete shelter but also as the family’s psychological and emotional home. The chapter connects the problem of housing instability to escalating costs in many rental markets, to multiple forms of discrimination, and to the threat of eviction and homelessness. For many families the problems of poverty and housing instability operate in tandem: Poverty increases risk of eviction, and eviction can also deepen poverty and amplify its effects. The chapter reviews the impact of housing conditions and housing instability and homelessness on children’s academic performance, behavioral and emotional functioning, and physical health. Finally, the chapter discusses the role of housing challenges in the lives of families caught up in the child welfare system.
Racism
Authors: Sprinson John , Berrick Ken 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter is focused on the effects of racism in the lives of system-involved families. The chapter reviews the concepts of systemic, interpersonal, and internalized racism and examines their effects in multiple domains: housing discrimination and segregation, lending practices, access to medical care, school funding and student discipline, and the juvenile justice system. The impact of these multiple forms of racism on health and mortality are considered in detail. Downstream effects of poor health, early death, and loss on parenting and child development are assessed. The chapter concludes with a discussion of how excess mortality in non-White, particularly African American, communities has skewed the composition of the US electorate with predictable consequences for national and state elections. These political outcomes have likely had effects on legislation and policy related to criminal justice and a variety of social safety net programs that impact Black communities.
Social Connectedness and Support
Authors: Sprinson John , Berrick Ken 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter begins with a review of the importance of social connection as both a biological necessity and a source of multiple forms of concrete support. The importance of a sensitive, readily available attachment figure to the developing child and the importance of families being embedded in extended networks of social support are discussed. These networks can function as a critical protective factor for many families who are otherwise confronting multiple ecological adversities. When a family struggles with extreme poverty, though, sustaining such ties becomes very difficult. Lacking the resources that allow them to reciprocate, such families face increasing disconnection and isolation. The chapter reviews a variety of problems of social context that contribute to declines in the richness and resilience of families’ and communities’ social connectedness. Finally, the chapter discusses the ways in which issues of social connectedness are central to understanding and supporting children and youth in the foster care system.
Kohut’s Concept of Self
Authors: Strozier Charles B. , Pinteris Konstantine , Kelley Kathleen , Cher Deborah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores the evolution of Heinz Kohut’s ideas away from Freud’s tripartite and fragmented model of psychic structure and Kohut’s development of a holistic psychology of self. Kohut argues that a self’s continuity across a life span points to nuclear understanding of self, as opposed to an agglomeration of selves states or internalized objects. This chapter elaborates further on Kohut’s idea of a virtual self giving rise developmentally to a nuclear self. His use of the term nuclear self presents a model of understanding development and experience as paradoxically enduring and yet continually morphing. In Kohut’s formulation of self, human suffering is born of self fragmentation rather than thwarted drive energies. Clinical and historical examples are provided to examine Kohut’s ideas of self when seen in distress and in health.
Sexualization and Self Soothing
Authors: Strozier Charles B. , Pinteris Konstantine , Kelley Kathleen , Cher Deborah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores Heinz Kohut’s idea of sexualization as a form of self soothing, as opposed to Freud’s idea of an instinct and drive motivating all sexual behavior. Sexuality of course exists, and nothing in Kohut’s work argues against the significance of libidinal energies. However, much of what is called sexuality really consists of activities that serve to soothe the self. Frantic masturbation and fetishisms, for example, lack empathic and loving relationship with the other. One complicating aspect of understanding sexualization is its often fluid relationship with sexuality. Early trauma is especially significant for those drawn to sexualization. This chapter discusses treatment implications and approaches based on Kohut’s formulations and approaches.
Kohut’s Dreams
Authors: Strozier Charles B. , Pinteris Konstantine , Kelley Kathleen , Cher Deborah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter provides a close study of Heinz Kohut’s idea of the self-state dream. Dreams have long been of great interest in psychoanalysis. Freud’s theory that distinguished the latent thoughts from the manifest content and privileges the unconscious dimension of dreams has dominated thinking in the field. Although he never wrote a paper or book about dreams, Kohut’s ideas about self-state dreams represent something new to psychoanalytic dream theory. His theory of self-state dreams interprets dreams within a vocabulary of self, noting the dream itself and its relation to self experience. The chapter elaborates the categories of self-state dreams and includes a link to an appendix and a database of all dreams mentioned in Kohut’s writings, along with the dreams of patients whose analysts were in supervision with Kohut and a few other dreams Kohut analyzes in literature and history.
Further Thoughts on Therapeutic Action
Authors: Strozier Charles B. , Pinteris Konstantine , Kelley Kathleen , Cher Deborah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Contemporary psychotherapy is concerned with the way the therapist’s subjectivity influences the therapeutic process. This chapter argues that Heinz Kohut prefigures the current discourse. Empathic immersion comes from within the intersubjective field and is limited by the historicity of the analyst’s organizing principles. Ideas around mutuality are grounded in Kohut’s insights. Kohut suggests mutuality and connection are central to experiencing of self, rather than autonomy, isolation, and gendered hierarchy as in drive theory. The chapter explores ideas of mutuality, including field theory, the psychoanalytic concept of the third and leading and trailing edges. Kohut’s idea of self transcends the notion of gender. This de-gendered self enables patients to define an authentic identity outside of binary choices. The chapter explores how Kohut prefigured basic outlines of the contemporary psychoanalytic understanding of negative selfobject interactions between mother and child, post-traumatic stress disorder, and trauma.
Kohut’s Spirituality
Authors: Strozier Charles B. , Pinteris Konstantine , Kelley Kathleen , Cher Deborah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Heinz Kohut’s emphasis on empathy and mutuality emerged organically from his spiritual commitments. He was not traditionally religious, but spiritual themes lie embedded in his scientific secularism. This chapter explores how Kohut locates empathy and introspection in mystical traditions. Embedded in Kohut’s writing is the directive not just to empathize but also to “love thy neighbor as thyself.” Kohut believed religious symbols nourished the human heart and psyche and were connected with the human need to idealize others. Kohut thought religion could be a positive force in culture. The chapter discusses Kohut’s ideas regarding wisdom, humor, and acceptance of transience as at the core of a healthy sense of self. His thoughts regarding mortality culminate in Kohut’s important idea of Tragic Man, in contrast to Freud’s Guilty Man. Kohut’s spirituality has far-reaching relevance in contemporary psychoanalysis, where more patients are seeking out a spiritual dimension to psychoanalytic treatment.
Sex (a thousand tiny sexes, a trillion tiny Jesuses)
Authors: Moore Stephen D. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Queer theory’s standard origin story centers on Michel Foucault and Judith Butler, together with Eve Sedgwick and Teresa de Lauretis. This chapter proceeds down a less-traveled road yet to be explored in biblical studies. Deleuze and Guattari’s iconoclastic theory of desire is its point of departure, yielding a concept of the gendered body that is neither discursive (à la Foucault) nor performative (à la Butler) but virtual; a concept of sexuality that overflows the human/nonhuman binary containers no less than the heterosexual/homosexual containers; and an alternative version of queer theory’s “antisocial thesis” that precedes Lee Edelman’s by more than thirty years, namely, Guy Hocquenghem’s Deleuzoguattarian version. Deleuze’s own engagement with Hocquenghem also fuels this chapter. How might Deleuze and Guattari’s hyperqueer theory translate into biblical reading? Addressing this question through an extended analysis of the Gospel of Mark is the main business of the chapter.
Receptive and expressive experiences
Authors: Kaimal Girija 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this chapter distinctions are made between receptive experiences and expressive ones. Receptive experiences are those whereby we observe and sense something, whereas expressive experiences refer to our acts of actively creating something. Both aspects are expectedly interconnected and involve sensory engagement and meaning-making as we associate the experiences to our own memories, emotions, and life story narrative. The ways that both of these aspects work together with implications for significant positive health outcomes are discussed. Relevant descriptions are provided of human body, brain, and sensory systems, and how they all relate to our experiences of viewing artistic works as well as creating them.
The prepared warrior
Authors: Kaimal Girija 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this chapter, the author provides an overview of how the art and science of creative well-being can be integrated into everyday life. The author discusses how we can manage our well-being and tackle the future, including the uncertainties, adversities, and challenges that are bound to come our way as part of life. Self-expression and creativity is in our hands, both literally and metaphorically. As we emerge from the pandemic and its impacts, being reflective and responsive to stress and adversity will be essential. Akin to any other skill, creative well-being practices can also be learned. The author also discusses personalized practices, including reflective and contemplative approaches and the role of creative expression in biopsychosocial/sexual/spiritual well-being.
The Currency–Slavery–Warfare Complex
Authors: Weisweiler John 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter introduces the major themes of the collection Debt in the Ancient Mediterranean and Near East. It surveys the arguments of David Graeber’s 2011 monograph Debt: The First 5,000 Years and situates them in the wider context of the author’s oeuvre. It examines the implications of his anthropological theory of value and makes a case that it has the potential to widen the field of vision of ancient historians. Unlike the currently dominant paradigm of new institutional economics, which tends to see the market as the natural and efficient resource allocation mechanism, it directs attention to the processes by which some fields of life were subjected to quantitative logics and others were not. The chapter concludes by exploring to what extent the studies assembled in this volume corroborate or modify the picture of ancient economic history presented in Debt. It suggests that Graeber’s concept of a “military–coinage–slavery” complex provides a useful analytic for understanding the ways in which the expansion of state power, the creation of new commodity markets, and the emergence of new forms of rationality reinforced each other in different ancient societies.
Research Design in Interview Studies
Authors: Brinkmann Svend 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Chapter 2 on research design maintains a focus on the two main positions and describes certain well-tested ways of designing interview studies. Research using qualitative interviewing does not happen by chance but is designed by researchers. What sets research interviews apart from everyday conversations is the much greater extent to which they are planned and reflected on in advance—and subsequently analyzed. Four common steps in a research process are described: preparation, interviewing, analysis, and reporting. It is argued that different design questions arise from different interests in knowledge production, and interviews can be used in particular for purposes of discovery, construction, and understanding aspects of our social and personal worlds.
The Roots of Political Conflict
Authors: Wagner Regina L. , Shafer Byron E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Preface introduces the notion of partisan alignments, central to everything that follows. Partisan alignments are the manner by which social cleavages are linked to policy preferences and transmitted to the political parties. For this, the great social cleavages are social class, racial background, religious denomination, and sex. Their alignments are pursued in the four major domains of policy conflict across the postwar period, namely social welfare, civil rights, cultural values, and national security. The chapter also introduces the measures for these alignments and the way they are presented. And it closes with a summary of each of the chapters to come.
Sons of God in the Scriptures of Israel
Authors: Bryan Christopher 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
There are many images for God in the Scriptures of Israel. Among them we find God pictured as both “Father” and “Mother.” “Father” speaks of God’s governance, and also of God’s care and commitment. “Mother” speaks of God’s nurturing and sustaining. Israel is God’s child—alas, not always an obedient child—and faithful Israelites are children of God or sons of God. Over time the special privilege and status of Israel as son of God becomes focused on and in the Davidic king. The Davidic king is still subject to the Sinaii covenant, and if he disobeys it, he will be punished: but in contrast the house of Saul, God will not ever forsake the house of David.
The Synoptics and the Son of God
Authors: Bryan Christopher 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In all three synoptic gospels Jesus is declared by God to be “Son of God” at his baptism in terms that link his offering to the Aqedah (or “Binding”) of Isaac and imply Jesus’ willingness to be “bound” upon the altar of the cross. Jesus is subsequently tempted (or tested) in the wilderness, his forty days of temptation being at once a recapitulation of Israel’s forty-year period of trial in the wilderness and a reversal of the fall of Adam. The three specific temptations described in Matthew and Luke are not messianic, but are all essentially about what it means for Jesus to be “the Son of God.”
Conclusion
Authors: Wuthnow Robert 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This concluding chapter reviews the main arguments in the preceding chapters about ritual power, discursive power, institutional power, identity power, and political power. It suggests again that these are mechanisms enacted in rather ordinary practices. These consist of telling stories, organizing worship services, making decisions about who does what, listening to sermons, and praying, as well as practices that may have larger implications such as staging protests and deciding on responses to a national crisis. In these ways religion exercises power. However, religion’s power is also constrained, especially by the multiplicity of institutional structures, the multiplicity of political arrangements, the separation of church and state, and the multiplicity of religious diversities.
The West and the Unraveling of the Economic World Order
Authors: Gathii James T. , Puig Sergio 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The disenchantment with the current international economic order is real, and it is not new; the problems lie deep. We need an inclusive and legitimate way to eliminate the inequities built within the global economic order. Resolving these structural issues will require unprecedented reforms that make international economic law more equitable and democratic and address its racist origins. For that reason, this chapter departs from the proposal in David Sloss’s introduction to this book to the extent it is predicated on preserving “a rules-based international order that is consistent with liberal, democratic values.” The chapter proposes instead a deeper engagement with the legacies of colonial dispossession and postcolonial exploitation of the Global South that lie at the heart of the current global economic order. That deeper engagement can provide a foundation for a more profound and progressive transformation of international economic law.
Autonomous Weapons
Authors: Jenks Chris 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The vast majority of extant autonomous weapons are large, expensive, defensive, and anti-materiel in nature. However, anti-personnel and offensive autonomous weapons are now in limited use, and more states and increasingly nonstate actors have access to some form of this technology. This chapter explores high-end autonomous weapons, available only to First World militaries, and commercially available systems, which anyone with access to the internet can potentially weaponize. The chapter considers the impact of both categories of autonomous weapons on three different subsets of international law regulating the use of force: the jus ad bellum, the jus in bello, and laws regulating exports of weapons technologies. This chapter suggests that the effect autonomous weapons will have on jus in bello is likely to be mixed, but autonomous weapons will pose significant challenges for jus ad bellum and export control regimes, likely weakening them or lessening their effectiveness.
Anti-Bribery Law
Authors: Stephan Paul B. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter describes the rise of transborder anti-bribery law in this century against the background of its twentieth-century origins. It focuses on the role of a hegemon, namely, the United States, and the impact of its conduct on other rich-world states. The chapter explores the political economy of transborder anti-bribery law. It considers why states regulate behavior that, as a first-order matter, harms foreigners while enriching domestic firms. It rebuts arguments that altruism and a cosmopolitan sense of justice motivate states. Rather, this regulation, like the earlier anti-cartel actions, can best be explained as an effort to save the system of global markets, international business and investment, and transnational private ordering from itself. States have come to embrace these efforts, but have not sought to enforce them through international law. This approach instead puts the onus on powerful states acting as norm entrepreneurs to promote the rule of domestic law internationally. On balance, the development of anti-bribery law during this century suggests a process of evolutionary adaptation, not revolutionary change and disruption. That transborder anti-bribery efforts have prospered during this period of unrest may indicate something about the resilience of global capitalism, but is not proof of the durability of the liberal international order that existed at the end of the twentieth century.
The International Criminal Law of the Future
Authors: Sadat Leila N. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter draws upon past developments and current trends of international criminal law (ICL) to posit what the future might hold for the discipline. The chapter first tracks the exponential expansion of ICL in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, detailing and critiquing developments from Nuremberg to the post–9/11 erosion of international norms in the name of “fighting terrorism.” This narrative reveals a paradoxical element of ICL: “lesser” transnational crimes are met with robust interstate cooperation and at times troublingly little regard for defendant’s rights, whereas the most serious crimes of concern to the international community as a whole, the “core crimes” of genocide, crimes against humanity, and serious war crimes, are often relatively weakly enforced and are typically tried in courts which are highly protective of the human rights of the accused. The chapter then evaluates the track record of ICL over the past thirty years, noting that the results are mixed. While ICL has expanded during this period, particularly with the establishment of the International Criminal Court, this has generated a backlash from powerful global actors. The chapter then traces five broad themes typifying modern ICL, both positive and negative for the field. It concludes with a prediction that ICL will become increasingly robust, although the exact form it will coalesce into remains unclear. Much hinges on the evolving stances of several permanent members of the Security Council, as well as national and regional efforts.