bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partir pour revenir. Enjeux socio-politiques du voyage dans la presse de jeunesse au xixe siècle
Authors: Calderone Amélie 
Published: October 2022

Partir pour revenir. Enjeux socio-politiques du voyage dans la presse de jeunesse au xixe siècle — Au sein des périodiques destinés à la jeunesse au xixe siècle, le voyage est une thématique proliférante. Nombre d’articles variés prétendent faire voyager les petits lecteurs, depuis leur entourage immédiat jusque dans des pays lointains voire imaginaires. S’ils servent souvent de prétextes pour attirer un jeune lectorat avide d’aventures et d’exotisme, les textes viatiques permettent de livrer à celui-ci des savoirs scolaires et des connaissances culturelles, mais aussi des enseignements pratiques. Au-delà, il s’agit de former les êtres politiques et sociaux que les jeunes lecteurs bourgeois sont en puissance, et de les conduire subtilement à préférer leur environnement immédiat et à y œuvrer.
Saffron Endomycorrhizae: Diversity and Effect on Plant Growth and Corm Formation
Authors: Ourras Samah , El Aymani Ismail , Mouden Najoua , El Gabardi Soumaya , Adnani Manal , Selmaoui Karima , Artib Mariam , Benkirane Rachid , El Modafar Cherkaoui , Ouazzani Touhami Amina , Douira Allal 
Published: October 2022

Saffron cultivation is an important alternative for marginalized areas. Due to low soil fertility and low water availability, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are an essential alternative for maintaining fertility and water economy, stimulating growth and protecting plants against soil diseases. Studies on the diversity of endomycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere of Crocus sativus in Taliouine (Tinfat), located in Morocco, revealed the impact of age saffron plantations. A greater endomycorrhizal fungi density was recorded in the rhizosphere of saffron plants from plots operated for 2 years (138.66/100 g of soil) over that occupied for 10 years. Seventeen morphotypes of collected spores belong to 5 genera: Glomus (seven species), Acaulospora (seven species), Rhizophagus, Densicitata, and Funneliformis (one species). The weak endomycorrhizal species richness can be explained by the accumulation of C. sativus residues over time and its allelopathic effect. The beneficial effect of composite endomycorrhizal inocula, originating from Moroccan saffron plantations, was obvious in the growth of saffron plants, mother bulb number, the leaves length, root, and vegetative masses. These inocula mycorrhized over time saffron plants’ roots and can sporulate at the level of the rhizosphere of these plants. The use of composite inocula, as biofertilizers, can be one of the solutions for sustainable agriculture.
Application of Lead Transport through Brain Capillary for Determination of Weight, Brain Damage, and Encephalization Quotient in Humans
Authors: Alhaji Saganuwan Saganuwan 
Published: October 2022

The ability of lead to cause brain damage and reduce intelligence quotient has been established. However, transport of lead through brain capillary has not been elucidated. Hence, plasma and brain tissue kinetics of lead was studied mathematically. Literatures were searched for formulas that could be used for the determination of relationship between plasma and brain tissue kinetics of lead with an interest to discovering the residence time of lead residues in brain. Findings have shown that 5μg/dl of lead in plasma permeates the brain of human weighing 20 kg faster than that of 40 kg and 70 kg body weight, respectively. The surface area of permeability of brain cell is higher, in low body weight human than in high body weight human. Time of exposure and concentration of lead are higher in low body weight human as compared to high body weight human. Hence, neonates and children are more vulnerable to brain damage than adult human.
Learning about the meanings of ambiguous words: evidence from a word-meaning priming paradigm with short narratives
Authors: Blott Lena M. , Hartopp Oliver , Nation Kate , Rodd Jennifer M. 
Published: October 2022

Fluent language comprehension requires people to rapidly activate and integrate context-appropriate word meanings. This process is challenging for meanings of ambiguous words that are comparatively lower in frequency (e.g., the “bird” meaning of “crane”). Priming experiments have shown that recent experience makes such subordinate (less frequent) word meanings more readily available at the next encounter. These experiments used lists of unconnected sentences in which each ambiguity was disambiguated locally by neighbouring words. In natural language, however, disambiguation may occur via more distant contextual cues, embedded in longer, connected communicative contexts. In the present experiment, participants (N = 51) listened to 3-sentence narratives that ended in an ambiguous prime. Cues to disambiguation were relatively distant from the prime; the first sentence of each narrative established a situational context congruent with the subordinate meaning of the prime, but the remainder of the narrative did not provide disambiguating information. Following a short delay, primed subordinate meanings were more readily available (compared with an unprimed control), as assessed by responses in a word association task related to the primed meaning. This work confirms that listeners reliably disambiguate spoken ambiguous words on the basis of cues from wider narrative contexts, and that they retain information about the outcome of these disambiguation processes to inform subsequent encounters of the same word form.
Evaluation of pulpal anesthesia and injection pain using IANB with pre-heated, buffered and conventional 2% lignocaine in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis—a randomized clinical study
Authors: Gandhi Namita , Shah Nimisha , Wahjuningrum Dian Agustin , Purnomo Sweetly , Nooshian Riana , Arora Suraj , Pawar Ajinkya M. 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThe efficacy of 2% lignocaine is reduced in a hot tooth. Local aesthetic agents can be preheated and buffered to increase their effectiveness. The present investigation was carried out due to limited information concerning adult patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in mandibular teeth.MethodsA total of 252 individuals were included in the clinical trial in accordance with the selection criteria only after clinical study was registered with the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2020/09/027796). Scores on the visual analog scale (VAS) and electric pulp test (EPT) on a 1–10 scale were recorded prior to the commencement of therapy. In this double-blinded study, patients were randomly divided by a co-investigator using computer randomisation (www.randomizer.org) into three groups, group A: inferior alveolar nerve blocks (IANB) with 2% lignocaine preheated at 42 °C (injected at 37 °C) (N = 84), group B: IANB of 2% lignocaine buffered with 0.18 ml of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate (N = 80) and group C: 2% lignocaine (N = 88). Excluding the dropouts of individuals (n = 11), wherein the anaesthesia failed, a total of 241 people were finally assessed 15 minutes after profound anaesthesia, endodontic access, and intraoperative pain were quantified using VAS. Pain on injection for all three groups was recorded immediately after IANB with VAS. The analysis was performed using one way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test and Paired T-Test using SPSS version 21.ResultsPreheated, Buffered, and conventional 2% lignocaine showed statistically significant reduction in intraoperative pain (P < 0.001) compared to pre-operative but on inter-group comparison preheated and buffered showed highly significant pain reduction compared with conventional 2% lignocaine (P < 0.001).ConclusionsWarm and buffered local anaesthetic (LA) were effective in reducing intraoperative discomfort than conventional LA. Preheated local anesthetics caused the least pain, followed by buffered local anesthetics, while conventional local anesthetics caused the most pain.
Effect of Ripening Stage on Biochemical Composition of Seeds from three Species of Canavalia spp Consumed as Protein Substitutes in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Kouakou Ahouran Adjo Sylvie , Konan Hubert Kouassi , Cisse Mariame , Kouadio Eugène Jean Parfait , Kouame Patrice Lucien 
Published: October 2022

Aims: The present study was aimed at investigating the nutritional properties of legume-seeds from Canavalia genus as a function of their ripening stage.
Methodology: Seeds of three species of canavalia seeds notably Canavalia gladiata, Canavalia ensiformis and Canavalia rosea were obtained from an experimental plot located in Bouaké area’s (7°41′00″ N, 5°01′59″ W) in Côte d’Ivoire. The seeds of these three species were collected at different ripening stages. The seeds were sun dried and ground to obtain the crude flour. Chemical composition and functional properties were investigated using standard methods while amino acid profiles were performed by using HPLC analytical methods.
Results: Results reveal that the profiles of nutrients in the three Canavalia species varied as a function of ripening stages. The highest fat (3.27 ± 0.01 %), protein (33.20 ± 0.17), fibre (7.51 ± 0.06 %), ash (6.67 ± 0.01 %) and total sugar (25.40 ± 0.05 %) contents were obtained at the last ripening stage. All the legume-seeds investigated are excellent sources of proteins mainly consisting of high amounts of essential amino acids such as lysine (100.23 ± 0.04 mg/g protein), leucine (103.51 ± 0.04 mg/g protein), valine (83.68 ± 0.04 mg/g protein), methionine (27.36 ± 0.04 mg/g protein), tryptophan (74.32 ± 0.04 mg/g protein), cysteine (44.24 ± 0.04 mg/g protein), isoleucine (63.61 ± 0.04 mg/g protein), threonine (40.22 ± 0.04 mg/g protein) and histidine (17.76 ± 0.04 mg/g protein). As regards mineral contents of these seeds, they were higher at penultimate ripening stage and, they partially meet dietary allowance of infants.
Conclusion: These seeds could be ranked as protein rich food for human and then, used as valuable substitutes for meat or fish.
Ethical Climate and Job Satisfaction via Mediating Role of Organisational Commitment (Case Study: Tutors in Ghana)
Authors: Amoah Samuel Obed , Acheampong Henry Yaw , Adjei Edwin , Britwum Francis 
Published: October 2022

Aims: Ethical climate is one of the vital features shaping intra-organisational relationships and tutors attitudes, thereby having an influence on organisational outcomes. Therefore, understanding the relationships among ethical climate, job satisfaction and organisational commitment is an important research area that needs to be researched. The main purpose of the study was to examine ethical climate and job satisfaction via mediating role of organisational commitment among College of Education tutors in Ghana.
Study Design: The descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed in the study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out from 2019 to 2020, among College of Education tutors in Ghana.
Methodology: The quantitative approach with the positivist paradigm was adopted for the study. A total of 250 participants through a multistage sampling procedures (proportionate and simple random sampling) were used in the study. Ethical climate questionnaire, job satisfaction scale and organisational commitment questionnaire were adapted and used in the study. Validation of the instruments were carried out using Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).
Results: The results revealed that ethical climate was a substantial predictor of job satisfaction, [b = 1.11; SE = .009; Boot95%CI (.1.091, 1.128)]. The result discovered that a surge in ethical climate would lead to 1.11 increase in job satisfaction. The results again, showed that the direct effect of organisational commitment on job satisfaction was statistically significant, B = 1.108, Boot95%CI [1.090, 1.127]. Further, with the introduction of organisational commitment, the indirect effect of ethical climate on job satisfaction was not statistically significant, B = .0011, Boot95%CI [-.0011, .0043]. This suggests that organisational commitment does not mediates the relationship between ethical climate and job satisfaction.
Conclusion: This study confirms the relationship between ethical climate and job satisfaction among tutors in the Colleges of Education. When the ethical climate of tutors increases the likelihood tutors would be satisfied with their teaching job.
Population-Based Estimates of 1-Year Mortality After Major Surgery Among Community-Living Older US Adults
Authors: Gill Thomas M. , Vander Wyk Brent , Leo-Summers Linda , Murphy Terrence E. , Becher Robert D. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceDespite their importance to guiding public health decision-making and policies and to establishing programs aimed at improving surgical care, contemporary nationally representative mortality data for geriatric surgery are lacking.ObjectiveTo calculate population-based estimates of mortality after major surgery in community-living older US adults and to determine how these estimates differ according to key demographic, surgical, and geriatric characteristics.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsProspective longitudinal cohort study with 1 year of follow-up in the continental US from 2011 to 2018. Participants included 5590 community-living fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries, aged 65 years or older, from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS). Data analysis was conducted from February 22, 2021, to March 16, 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMajor surgeries and mortality over 1 year were identified through linkages with data from the Centers for Medicare &amp;amp; Medicaid Services. Data on frailty and dementia were obtained from the annual NHATS assessments.ResultsFrom 2011 to 2017, of the 1193 major surgeries (from 992 community-living participants), the mean (SD) age was 79.2 (7.1) years; 665 were women (55.7%), and 30 were Hispanic (2.5%), 198 non-Hispanic Black (16.6%), and 915 non-Hispanic White (76.7%). Over the 1-year follow-up period, there were 206 deaths representing 872 096 survey-weighted deaths and 13.4% (95% CI, 10.9%-15.9%) mortality. Mortality rates were 7.4% (95% CI, 4.9%-9.9%) for elective surgeries and 22.3% (95% CI, 17.4%-27.1%) for nonelective surgeries. For geriatric subgroups, 1-year mortality was 6.0% (95% CI, 2.6%-9.4%) for persons who were nonfrail, 27.8% (95% CI, 21.2%-34.3%) for those who were frail, 11.6% (95% CI, 8.8%-14.4%) for persons without dementia, and 32.7% (95% CI, 24.3%-41.0%) for those with probable dementia. The age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratios for 1-year mortality were 4.41 (95% CI, 2.53-7.69) for frailty with a reduction in restricted mean survival time of 48.8 days and 2.18 (95% CI, 1.40-3.40) for probable dementia with a reduction in restricted mean survival time of 44.9 days.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, the population-based estimate of 1-year mortality after major surgery among community-living older adults in the US was 13.4% but was 3-fold higher for nonelective than elective procedures. Mortality was considerably elevated among older persons who were frail or who had probable dementia, highlighting the potential prognostic value of geriatric conditions after major surgery.
Electrical Switching of Nematic Plasmonic Nanocolloids for Infrared Solar Gain Control
Authors: Ghosh Souvik , Smalyukh Ivan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractControlling solar gain is essential to reduce the energy consumption by residential and commercial buildings, which are responsible for ≈40% of all energy generated globally. However, the dynamic control of solar gain in the near‐infrared that corresponds to ≈50% of the overall Sun's energy at the Earth's surface, separately from the visible spectral range has been a challenge, albeit commercial coatings provide passive control while retaining highly visible transmission. To address this problem, in this paper switchable silver colloids (SSCs) are demonstrated, colloidal analogs of the common silver coatings used for solar gain control. When dispersed in a nematic liquid crystal, orientations of such plasmonic silver nanoplates are controlled by ≈1 V low‐voltage electric fields, allowing for sub‐second switching of the near‐infrared‐based solar gain. Installed and retrofit products made from thin films of such nanoplate dispersions confined between glass and plastic substrates, respectively, exhibit electrically controlled infrared‐based solar gain while retaining high visible‐range transparency, low haze, and high color rendering index. This study's findings reveal a great potential of soft‐matter systems in addressing energy‐related problems.
SRSF5‐Mediated Alternative Splicing of M Gene is Essential for Influenza A Virus Replication: A Host‐Directed Target Against Influenza Virus
Authors: Li Qiuchen , Jiang Zhimin , Ren Shuning , Guo Hui , Song Zhimin , Chen Saini , Gao Xintao , Meng Fanfeng , Zhu Junda , Liu Litao , Tong Qi , Sun Honglei , Sun Yipeng , Pu Juan , Chang Kin‐Chow , Liu Jinhua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSplicing of influenza A virus (IAV) RNA is an essential process in the viral life cycle that involves the co‐opting of host factors. Here, it is demonstrated that induction of host serine and arginine‐rich splicing factor 5 (SRSF5) by IAV facilitated viral replication by enhancing viral M mRNA splicing. Mechanistically, SRSF5 with its RRM2 domain directly bounds M mRNA at conserved sites (M mRNA position 163, 709, and 712), and interacts with U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) to promote M mRNA splicing and M2 production. Mutations introduced to the three binding sites, without changing amino acid code, significantly attenuates virus replication and pathogenesis in vivo. Likewise, SRSF5 conditional knockout in the lung protects mice against lethal IAV challenge. Furthermore, anidulafungin, an approved antifungal drug, is identified as an inhibitor of SRSF5 that effectively blocks IAV replication in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, SRSF5 as an activator of M mRNA splicing promotes IAV replication and is a host‐derived antiviral target.
Sn‐Based Perovskite Halides for Electronic Devices
Authors: Chowdhury Towhid H. , Reo Youjin , Yusoff Abd Rashid Bin Mohd , Noh Yong‐Young 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBecause of its less toxicity and electronic structure analogous to that of lead, tin halide perovskite (THP) is currently one of the most favorable candidates as an active layer for optoelectronic and electric devices such as solar cells, photodiodes, and field‐effect transistors (FETs). Promising photovoltaics and FETs performances have been recently demonstrated because of their desirable electrical and optical properties. Nevertheless, THP's easy oxidation from Sn2+ to Sn4+, easy formation of tin vacancy, uncontrollable film morphology and crystallinity, and interface instability severely impede its widespread application. This review paper aims to provide a basic understanding of THP as a semiconductor by highlighting the physical structure, energy band structure, electrical properties, and doping mechanisms. Additionally, the key chemical instability issues of THPs are discussed, which are identified as the potential bottleneck for further device development. Based on the understanding of the THPs properties, the key recent progress of THP‐based solar cells and FETs is briefly discussed. To conclude, current challenges and perspective opportunities are highlighted.
Integrative Serum Metabolic Fingerprints Based Multi‐Modal Platforms for Lung Adenocarcinoma Early Detection and Pulmonary Nodule Classification
Authors: Wang Lin , Zhang Mengji , Pan Xufeng , Zhao Mingna , Huang Lin , Hu Xiaomeng , Wang Xueqing , Qiao Lihua , Guo Qiaomei , Xu Wanxing , Qian Wenli , Xue Tingjia , Ye Xiaodan , Li Ming , Su Haixiang , Kuang Yinglan , Lu Xing , Ye Xin , Qian Kun , Lou Jiatao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIdentification of novel non‐invasive biomarkers is critical for the early diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), especially for the accurate classification of pulmonary nodule. Here, a multiplexed assay is developed on an optimized nanoparticle‐based laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry platform for the sensitive and selective detection of serum metabolic fingerprints (SMFs). Integrative SMFs based multi‐modal platforms are constructed for the early detection of LUAD and the classification of pulmonary nodule. The dual modal model, metabolic fingerprints with protein tumor marker neural network (MP‐NN), integrating SMFs with protein tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) via deep learning, shows superior performance compared with the single modal model Met‐NN (p < 0.001). Based on MP‐NN, the tri modal model MPI‐RF integrating SMFs, tumor marker CEA, and image features via random forest demonstrates significantly higher performance than the clinical models (Mayo Clinic and Veterans Affairs) and the image artificial intelligence in pulmonary nodule classification (p < 0.001). The developed platforms would be promising tools for LUAD screening and pulmonary nodule management, paving the conceptual and practical foundation for the clinical application of omics tools.
In Situ Assembly of Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Framework on Metal–Organic Framework: An Effective Strategy for Constructing Core–Shell Hybrid Photocatalyst
Authors: Wang Jianli , Mao Yifan , Zhang Runze , Zeng Yanli , Li Changsheng , Zhang Bingjie , Zhu Jianhui , Ji Jiawen , Liu Desheng , Gao Rumin , Ma Yongqiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) have rarely been considered for photocatalytic application, given their weak stability and low activity. One presumably effective strategy to improve the photocatalytic performance of the HOFs is to produce a core–shell composite by fabricating a particular nanostructure using stable HOFs. To this end, the surface‐functionalized metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are used as the host matrix to support the in situ assembly and subsequent multisite growth of the stable HOFs. MOF@HOF eventually obtains core–shell hybrids, i.e., NH2‐UiO‐66@DAT‐HOF. This newly synthesized core–shell nanostructure exhibits excellent stability and superb photocatalytic performance. For example, in terms of tetracycline degradation, the optimal composite presents an apparent reaction rate constant of 60.7 and 7.6 times higher than its parent materials NH2‐UiO‐66 and DAT‐HOF. Such a pronounced enhancement in photocatalytic efficiency of the hybrid material is attributed to the broader visible‐light utilization range compared to its individual parent material as well as the efficient separation of charge carriers supported by the S‐scheme heterojunction. In addition, it is particularly notable that the photocatalytic efficiency of the yielded core–shell nanostructure can remain high after several‐cycle applications. This work provides a universal scheme for synthesizing the MOF@HOF core–shell hybrids.