bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left bundle branch area pacing in patients with baseline narrow, left, or right bundle branch block QRS patterns: insights into electrocardiographic and echocardiographic features
Authors: Mirolo Adrian , Chaumont Corentin , Auquier Nathanael , Savoure Arnaud , Godin Benedicte , Vandevelde Florence , Eltchaninoff Helene , Anselme Frederic 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsLeft bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) is a recent technique aiming at preservation of physiological ventricular electrical activation. Our goal was to assess mechanical synchrony parameters in relation to electrocardiographic features during LBBAP performed in routine practice.Methods and resultsFrom June 2020 to August 2021, all patients of our institution with permanent pacemaker implantation indication were eligible for LBBAP. A ‘qR’ pattern in V1 and a delay from pacing spike to the peak of the R-wave in V6 &lt; 80 ms defined a successful LBBAP. Electrocardiogram and echocardiography were performed during spontaneous rhythm and LBBAP: left ventricular mechanical synchrony (LVMS) parameters using 2D Speckle tracking and interventricular mechanical delay (IVMD) were collected. LBBAP was attempted with success in 134/163 patients (82.2%). During LBBAP, the mean QRS width was 104 ± 12 ms. In patients with left bundle branch block (n = 47), LBBAP provided a significant decrease of QRS width from 139 ± 16 to 105 ± 12 ms (P &lt; 0.001) with reduction of LVMS (53 ± 21 vs. 90 ± 46 ms, P = 0.009), and IVMD (14 ± 13 vs. 49 ± 18 ms, P &lt; 0.001). In patients with right bundle branch block (n = 38), LBBAP led to a significant decrease of QRS width from 134 ± 14 to 106 ± 13 ms (P &lt; 0.001) with no effect on LVMS and a reduction of IVMD (17 ± 14 vs. 50 ± 16 ms, P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionLBBAP in routine practice preserved intra-ventricular mechanical synchrony in patients with narrow and RBBB QRS and improved asynchrony parameters in patients with LBBB.
Effectiveness and persistence of anti-obesity medications (liraglutide 3 mg, lorcaserin, and orlistat) in a real-world primary care setting
Authors: Leventhal-Perek Sharon , Shani Michal , Schonmann Yochai 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Obesity is a chronic disease with rising prevalence. Guidelines suggest medications for obesity management if lifestyle interventions do not lead to substantial weight loss. Randomized control trials have shown the efficacy of anti-obesity medications in inducing weight loss, but real-world data are lacking. Therefore, our study aims to evaluate anti-obesity medications’ effectiveness in reducing weight and improving cardiometabolic parameters and to assess their persistence in a real-world setting.

Methods
A historical cohort study using routinely collected data from Clalit Health Services (CHS). We retrieved data on all CHS members aged ≥20 years who initiated anti-obesity medication (orlistat, liraglutide 3 mg, and lorcaserin) between 2018 and 2020. We assessed average weight loss and the percentage of patients that had lost ≥5% and ≥10% of their body weight at 3, 6, and 9 months and compared the effectiveness of these 3 medications.

Results
We included 5,306 CHS members in our study; most (77.8%) were female, aged 40–59 years (52.4%). Treatment with liraglutide 3 mg and lorcaserin was associated with subsequent weight reduction. The average weight loss at 6 months was 5.6 kg (4.95–6.25, 95% confidence interval [CI]) with liraglutide 3 mg and 1.7 kg (1.2–2.2, 95% CI) with lorcaserin. There was no evidence that treatment with orlistat was associated with subsequent weight loss (−0.18 kg [−0.8 to 0.4, 95% CI]). At 6 months, 38% of the patients with orlistat, 43% with lorcaserin, and 51% with liraglutide 3 mg persisted with their treatments (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
Liraglutide 3 mg was the primary medication associated with clinically significant weight loss and had the highest persistence rate in our real-world study.
Levels of P-element-induced hybrid dysgenesis in Drosophila simulans are uncorrelated with levels of P-element piRNAs
Authors: Paulouskaya Olga , Romero-Soriano Valèria , Ramirez-Lanzas Claudia , Price Tom A R , Betancourt Andrea J 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are genomic parasites that proliferate within host genomes, and which can also invade new species. The P-element, a DNA-based TE, recently invaded two Drosophila species: Drosophila melanogaster in the 20th century, and D. simulans in the 21st. In both species, lines collected before the invasion are susceptible to “hybrid dysgenesis”, a syndrome of abnormal phenotypes apparently due to P-element-inflicted DNA damage. In D. melanogaster, lines collected after the invasion have evolved a maternally acting mechanism that suppresses hybrid dysgenesis, with extensive work showing that PIWI-interacting small RNAs (piRNAs) are a key factor in this suppression. Most of these studies use lines collected many generations after the initial P-element invasion. Here, we study D. simulans collected early, as well as late in the P-element invasion of this species. Like D. melanogaster, D. simulans from late in the invasion show strong resistance to hybrid dysgenesis and abundant P-element-derived piRNAs. Lines collected early in the invasion, however, show substantial variation in how much they suffer from hybrid dysgenesis, with some lines highly resistant. Surprisingly, although, these resistant lines do not show high levels of cognate maternal P-element piRNAs; in these lines, it may be that other mechanisms suppress hybrid dysgenesis.
Differential Associations Between Two Markers of Probable Sarcopenia and Continuous Orthostatic Hemodynamics in The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing
Authors: Duggan Eoin , Murphy Caoileann H , Knight Silvin P , Davis James R C , O’Halloran Aisling M , Kenny Rose Anne , Romero-Ortuno Roman 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Sarcopenia and orthostatic hypotension are growing age-related health burdens associated with adverse outcomes, including falls. Despite a possible pathophysiological link, the association between the 2 disorders is not well elucidated. We sought to investigate this relationship in The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA).

Methods
Data from 2 858 participants at wave 3 of TILDA were analyzed. Probable sarcopenia was defined as per the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People revised definition cutoffs (hand grip strength [HGS] &lt;27 kg in men, &lt;16 kg in women, and/or 5-chair stand test [5CST] time &gt;15 seconds). Participants underwent an active stand orthostatic test with continuous blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Multilevel mixed-effects models, controlling for possible confounders, were used to assess the effect of probable sarcopenia by HGS and 5CST criteria on the change in BP after standing.

Results
HGS- and 5CST-defined probable sarcopenia were independently associated with an attenuated BP recovery at 10–20 seconds poststand (systolic BP: β −0.54, p &lt; .001; β −0.25, p &lt; .001). On average, those meeting HGS probable sarcopenia criteria had a significantly lower BP at 20, 30, and 40 seconds (differences in systolic BP: −5.01 mmHg, −3.68 mmHg, −2.32 mmHg, p &lt; .05 for all). Those meeting 5CST probable sarcopenia criteria had a significant difference in systolic BP at 20 seconds (−1.94 mmHg, p = .002) but not at 30 or 40 seconds.

Conclusion
Probable sarcopenia had a significant association with delayed orthostatic BP recovery, with HGS-defined probable sarcopenia having a stronger association than 5CST-defined probable sarcopenia. Results support a modest but significant pathophysiological link between probable sarcopenia and orthostatic hypotension.
Chronic Loneliness, Gender, and Trajectories of Change in Hand Grip Strength in Older Adults
Authors: Kim Jinho , Park Gum-Ryeong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study examined whether exposure to chronic loneliness is associated with a persistent decline in hand grip strength among community-dwelling older adults in Korea, and this association varies by gender.MethodsThis study analyzed data from 2,570 adults aged 65 or older collected over the course of 7 waves (12 years) of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing from 2006 to 2018 (1,403 women and 1,167 men). Exposure to chronic loneliness was assessed by the experience of loneliness over a period of years, and hand grip strength was measured by an objective diagnostic tool. Gender-stratified fixed effects models were estimated to determine whether the association between chronic loneliness and hand grip strength differs by gender while accounting for time-invariant individual heterogeneity.ResultsChronic loneliness was associated with a persistent decline in hand grip strength in older adults over an extended period of time. Gender-specific analyses revealed that only men continued to experience a decline in hand grip strength up to the fifth and subsequent waves of exposure (b = −1.889). By contrast, for older women, a significant decrease in hand grip strength was observed only in the second wave of exposure (b = −0.690). These gendered trajectories were statistically significant.DiscussionChronic loneliness impairs the physical health of older adults in the long run. These physical health consequences of chronic loneliness were more pronounced among older men than older women. The study’s findings inform the development of interventions that mitigate the adverse health consequences of chronic loneliness.
Functional characterization and key residues engineering of a regiopromiscuity O-methyltransferase involved in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in Nelumbo nucifera
Authors: Yu Yuetong , Liu Yan , Dong Gangqiang , Jiang JinZhu , Leng Liang , Liu XianJu , Zhang Jun , Liu An , Chen Sha 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera), an ancient aquatic plant, possesses a unique pharmacological activity that is primarily contributed by benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs). However, only few genes and enzymes involved in BIA biosynthesis in N. nucifera have been isolated and characterized. In the present study we identified the regiopromiscuity of an O-methyltransferase, designated NnOMT6, isolated from N. nucifera; NnOMT6 was found to catalyze the methylation of monobenzylisoquinoline 6-O/7-O, aporphine skeleton 6-O, phenylpropanoid 3-O, and protoberberine 2-O. We further probed the key residues affecting NnOMT6 activity via molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. Verification using site-directed mutagenesis revealed that residues D316, N130, L135, N176A, D269, and E328 were critical for BIA O-methyltransferase activities; furthermore, N323A, a mutant of NnOMT6, demonstrated a substantial increase in catalytic efficiency for BIAs and a broader acceptor scope compared with wild-type NnOMT6. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the O-methyltransferase activity of an aporphine skeleton without benzyl moiety substitutions in N. nucifera. The study findings provide biocatalysts for the semisynthesis of related medical compounds and give insights into protein engineering to strengthen O-methyltransferase activity in plants.
Political sensitivity bias in autocratizing Hong Kong
Authors: Kobayashi Tetsuro , Chan Polly 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Concerns over political sensitivity bias in survey research in stable autocracies have been raised by previous studies. However, as democracy recedes worldwide, it remains unclear how pervasive such bias is in autocratizing contexts. This research note aims to demonstrate the extent of sensitivity bias in an autocratizing context using the case of Hong Kong, where political freedoms are rapidly shrinking. In doing so, we aim to detect sensitivity bias by analyzing panel survey data without relying on list experiments. Our analyses of online panel survey data collected before and after the enactment of the Hong Kong National Security Law and its related political crackdown found that pro-democracy respondents subject to political repression (1) are more likely to drop out of the panel of a political poll, (2) even when they do not drop out, they falsify some potentially sensitive past behavior, and (3) pro-democracy moderates are more likely to engage in preference falsification. Theoretical implications for understanding public opinion in autocratizing contexts are discussed.
A survey of Ballastless track defects in China’s high-speed railway after ten years of service
Authors: Dong Weijia , Wang Xiaoming , He Qing , Ren Juanjuan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A considerable amount of data have been obtained after more than 10 years of operations on China’s high-speed railway ballastless tracks; however, there is still a lack of survey in the operation and maintenance of ballastless tracks. Based on the results of an on-site survey of the service status of China’s high-speed railway ballastless tracks conducted in 2021, the common defects and related treatment measures for four main types of ballastless tracks, namely, CRTS I, CRTS II, CRTS III slab, and CRTS double-block, are systematically summarised in this study. The most critical defects in the diverse types of ballastless tracks are comparatively analysed. In addition, suggestions for ballastless track selection are presented by considering different factors, which will guide the development and construction of ballastless tracks in the future and be vital for improving the safety, comfort, and durability of high-speed railway operations.
Focused Wound Care Handoff Improves Burn Center Physician–Nursing Communication and Wound Care Education
Authors: Rostami Sohayla , Kawaji Qingwen , Martinez Stephanie Lynne , Lagziel Tomer , Orosco Rowena , de Jesus Flores Carolina , Hultman Charles Scott , Caffrey Julie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBurn patients require changing wound care routines dependent on wound characteristics and operative interventions. Order discrepancies on electronic medical systems and poor communication between providers leads to incorrect wound care treatment which can be harmful to the complex burn patient. By dedicating a daily wound care discussion for each patient involving integral components of the team: physician, charge nurse, and wound care technicians, enhanced communication amongst team members and improved patient care was noted. A single-center burn unit conducted pre- and postintervention survey of nursing staff measuring various components of wound care. The time spent on the wound care discussions were measured daily. Additional time required to conduct the rounds were minimal with nurse reported increased clarification in patient care without additional work burden. Thus, focused wound care meetings assist with communication between providers, clarification of wound care needs, and avoidance of errors without increasing strain on the team.
Management of Nuisance Geese on School Properties and Public Spaces
Authors: Curtis Paul D , Braband Lynn A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Conflicts with Canada geese (Branta canadensis) (Linnaeus, 1758, Anseriformes, Anatidae) have increased during the past three decades. Goose conflicts included feces on turf areas and paved surfaces, slippage on athletic fields and playing surfaces, overgrazing of turfgrass, and noise or aggression near nesting sites. Geese also negatively impacted community relations putting stakeholders at odds with each other. Geese using school grounds, local parks, golf courses, and other public properties require site-specific management approaches because these birds often use several properties, and effective management necessitates a community-wide approach. Our case study illustrated that management options to reduce goose conflicts must be customized to the resources and time that staff managing school grounds have available, and there is no one approach that will work in most situations.
Type IV collagen α5 chain promotes luminal breast cancer progression through c-Myc-driven glycolysis
Authors: Wu Yuexin , Liu Xiangming , Zhu Yue , Qiao Yuemei , Gao Yuan , Chen Jianfeng , Ge Gaoxiang 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Cancer cell metabolism reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Cancer cells preferentially utilize aerobic glycolysis, which is regulated by activated oncogenes and the tumor microenvironment. Extracellular matrix (ECM) in the tumor microenvironment, including the basement membranes (BMs), is dynamically remodeled. However, whether and how ECM regulates tumor glycolysis is largely unknown. We show that type IV collagens, components of BMs essential for the tissue integrity and proper function, are differentially expressed in breast cancer subtypes that α5 chain (α5(IV)) is preferentially expressed in the luminal-type breast cancer and is regulated by estrogen receptor-α. α5(IV) is indispensable for luminal breast cancer development. Ablation of α5(IV) significantly reduces the growth of luminal-type breast cancer cells and impedes the development of luminal-type breast cancer. Impaired cell growth and tumor development capability of α5(IV)-ablated luminal breast cancer cells is attributed to the reduced expression of glucose transporter and glycolytic enzymes and impaired glycolysis in luminal breast cancer cells. Non-integrin collagen receptor discoidin domain receptor-1 (DDR1) expression and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation are attenuated in α5(IV)-ablated luminal breast cancer cells, resulting in reduced c-Myc oncogene expression and phosphorylation. Ectopic expression of constitutively active DDR1 or c-Myc restores the expression of glucose transporter and glycolytic enzymes, and thereafter restores aerobic glycolysis, cell proliferation, and tumor growth of luminal breast cancer. Thus, type IV collagen α5 chain is a luminal-type breast cancer-specific microenvironmental regulator modulating cancer cell metabolism.
Skeletal stem cells: origins, definitions, and functions in bone development and disease
Authors: Feng Heng , Jiang Bo , Xing Wenhui , Sun Jun , Greenblatt Matthew B , Zou Weiguo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSkeletal stem cells (SSCs) are tissue-specific stem cells that can self-renew and sit at the apex of their differentiation hierarchy, giving rise to mature skeletal cell types required for bone growth, maintenance, and repair. Dysfunction in SSCs is caused by stress conditions like ageing and inflammation and is emerging as a contributor to skeletal pathology, such as the pathogenesis of fracture nonunion. Recent lineage tracing experiments have shown that SSCs exist in the bone marrow, periosteum, and resting zone of the growth plate. Unraveling their regulatory networks is crucial for understanding skeletal diseases and developing therapeutic strategies. In this review, we systematically introduce the definition, location, stem cell niches, regulatory signaling pathways, and clinical applications of SSCs.
The Pristine Inner Galaxy Survey (PIGS) – VI. Different vertical distributions between two DIBs at 442.8 nm and 862.1 nm
Authors: Zhao(赵赫) He , Schultheis Mathias , Arentsen Anke , Kordopatis Georges , Fouesneau Morgan , Starkenburg Else , Sestito Federico , Hill Vanessa , Martin Nicolas F , Fabbro Sébastien , Queiroz A B A 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Although diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) were discovered over 100 yr ago, for most of them, their origins are still unknown. Investigation on the correlations between different DIBs is an important way to study the behaviour and distributions of their carriers. Based on stacking thousands of spectra from the Pristine Inner Galaxy Survey, we study the correlations between two DIBs at 442.8 nm (λ442.8) and 862.1 nm (λ862.1), as well as the dust grains, in a range of latitude spanning ∼22° ($4^{\circ }\, {\lt }\, |b|\, {\lt }\, 15^{\circ }$) toward the Galactic Centre ($|\ell |\, {\lt }\, 11^{\circ }$). Tight linear intensity correlations can be found between λ442.8, λ862.1, and dust grains for $|b|\, {\lt }\, 12^{\circ }$ or $E(B\, {-}\, V)\, {\gt }\, 0.3$ mag. For $|b|\, {\gt }\, 12^{\circ }$, λ442.8 and λ862.1 present larger relative strength with respect to the dust grains. A systematic variation of the relative strength between λ442.8 and λ862.1 with |b| and $E(B\, {-}\, V)$ concludes that the two DIBs do not share a common carrier. Furthermore, the carrier of λ862.1 is more abundant at high latitudes than that of λ442.8. This work can be treated as an example showing the significance and potentials to the DIB research covering a large latitude range.
Extended radio emission in the galaxy cluster MS 0735.6+7421 detected with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array
Authors: Bégin T , Hlavacek-Larrondo J , Rhea C L , Gendron-Marsolais M , McNamara B , van Weeren R J , Richard-Laferrière A , Guité L , Prasow-Émond M , Haggard D 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
MS 0735.6+7421 (z = 0.216) is a massive cool core galaxy cluster hosting one of the most powerful active galactic nuclei (AGNs) outbursts known. The radio jets of the AGN have carved out an unusually large pair of X-ray cavities, each reaching a diameter of 200 kpc. This makes MS 0735.6+7421 a unique case to investigate active galactic nuclei feedback processes, as well as other cluster astrophysics at radio wavelengths. We present new low radiofrequency observations of MS 0735.6+7421 taken with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA): 5 h of P-band (224–480 MHz) and 5 h of L-band (1–2 GHz) observations, both in C configuration. Our VLA P-band (224–480 MHz) observations reveal the presence of a diffuse radio component reaching a scale of ≈ 900 kpc in the direction of the jets and of ≈ 500 kpc in the direction perpendicular to the jets. This component is centred on the cluster core and has a radio power scaled at 1.4 GHz of P1.4GHz = (4 ± 2) × 1024 W Hz−1. Its properties are consistent with those expected from a radio minihalo as seen in other massive cool core clusters, although it may also be associated with radio plasma that has diffused out of the X-ray cavities, or to a combination of these two hypotheses. Observations at higher spatial resolution are needed to fully characterize the properties and nature of this component. We also suggest that if radio minihaloes originate from jetted activity, we may be witnessing the early stages of this process.
Modelling 3D force-free neutron star magnetospheres
Authors: Stefanou Petros , Pons Jose A , Cerdá-Durán Pablo 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Magnetars exhibit a variety of transient high-energy phenomena in the form of bursts, outbursts, and giant flares. It is a common belief that these events originate in the sudden release of magnetic energy due to the rearrangement of a twisted magnetic field. We present global models of a 3D force-free (FF) non-linear twisted magnetar magnetosphere. We solve the FF equations following the Grad–Rubin approach in a compactified spherical domain. Appropriate boundary conditions are imposed at the surface of the star for the current distribution and the magnetic field. Our implementation is tested by reproducing various known analytical as well as axisymmetric numerical results. We then proceed to study general 3D models with non-axisymmetric current distributions, such as fields with localized twists that resemble hotspots at the surface of the star, and we examine characteristic quantities such as energy, helicity, and twist. Finally, we discuss implications on the available energy budget, the surface temperature, and the diffusion time-scale, which can be associated with observations.