bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular subtypes predict second breast events of ductal carcinoma in situ after breast‐conserving surgery
Authors: Yang Yilan , Zhao Xu , Wang Xuanyi , Jin Kairui , Luo Jurui , Yang Zhaozhi , Mei Xin , Ma Jinli , Shao Zhimin , Zhang Zhen , Chen Xingxing , Guo Xiaomao , Yu Xiaoli 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeCurrently, the prognostic value of molecular subtypes in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) remains unclear. In this study, we explored whether molecular subtypes could predict second breast events (SBEs) in patients after breast‐conserving surgery (BCS).MethodsFrom January 2008 to December 2016, 291 DCIS patients treated with BCS were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were classified into four molecular subtypes: luminal A, luminal B, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression, and triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). The SBE incidence was calculated by the competing risk model and compared by Gray's test. The disease‐free survival rates were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method and compared by the log‐rank test. Prognostic factors were evaluated by univariate and multivariate COX proportional hazards regression model.ResultsWith a median follow‐up of 66 months, 12 SBEs were identified. The 5‐year overall SBE incidence of luminal A, luminal B, HER2 overexpression, and TNBC was 2.18%, 4.25%, 15.15%, and 0.00%, respectively. In the univariate analysis, the HER2 overexpression subtype was the predictor of overall (p = 0.005), in situ (p = 0.004), and ipsilateral SBEs (p = 0.008). Patients with endocrine therapy were less likely to develop in situ SBEs (p = 0.039). Additionally, patients with closed (<2 mm) or involved margins were related to a higher risk of contralateral SBEs (p = 0.029). In the multivariate analysis, the HER2 overexpression subtype remained of prognostic values for overall (p = 0.006), in situ (p = 0.029), and ipsilateral SBEs (p = 0.012).ConclusionsThe molecular subtype, especially the HER2 overexpression subtype, was the independent prognostic factor for DCIS patients who underwent BCS.
Construction of a prognostic glycolysis‐related lncRNA signature for patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhong Xinyang , He Xuefeng , Wang Yaxian , Hu Zijuan , Huang Huixia , Zhao Senlin , Zhang Hong , Wei Ping , Li Dawei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAerobic glycolysis is a common metabolic phenotype in tumors that helps cancer cells adjust to severe living conditions and can aid metastasis in several types of carcinomas, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can influence tumor biology and have been previously used to assess patients' outcomes and to identify potential therapeutic targets. However, despite the importance of glycolysis‐related lncRNAs (GRLs) in the development of CRC, studies on their use as prognostic markers are still limited. Herein, we applied a series of bioinformatic analyses to screen potential prognostic lncRNAs for colorectal cancer. Out of all lncRNAs screened, nine GRLs were selected to constitute a prognostic signature. Based on the signature, two molecular subtypes were classified with distinct prognostic outcomes and excellent diagnostic accuracy (The 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year AUC are 0.756, 0.716, and 0.721, respectively). The prognostic value of this signature was further validated using another cohort. The enriched molecular pathways, immune infiltration, and mutation landscape were also significantly different between the two groups. The different drug sensitivity results between the two groups suggest a potential strategy for precise treatment. Furthermore, we confirmed that AFAP1‐AS1 could regulate aerobic glycolysis and metastasis of CRC cells. Overall, we developed a glycolysis‐related lncRNA (GRL) signature and suggested that this signature could offer a predictive value and identify potential therapeutic targets for cancer therapy.
Comparison of recurrence patterns in cervical cancer patients with positive lymph nodes versus negative
Authors: Ji Mei , Liu Yuan , Hu Yan , Sun Jing , Zhu Haiyan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to compare patterns of recurrence in 2009 FIGO Stage IB‐IIA (T1bN0M0‐T2aN0M0) cervical cancer patients with cN0 and cN1.MethodsThe epidemiological and clinical data of 1352 patients who had undergone radical hysterectomy and systematic lymphadenectomy with cervical cancer treated from January 2008 to April 2019 at a tertiary teaching hospital were retrospectively collected. The primary aim was to discover the lymph node status‐dependent patterns and time of recurrence.ResultsTumor recurrence and death were significantly less common in patients with cN0 than cN1. In addition, the length of time to recurrence (median 60 months cN0 vs. 43 months cN1, p < 0.001) and death (median 84 months cN0 vs. 68 months cN1 p < 0.001) were significantly longer in cN0 versus cN1 patients. The cumulative rate of relapse also showed a significant difference between cN0 and cN1 groups, especially the 1‐year relapse rate (2.14% vs. 10.78%). Of the patients who recurred, there was no difference in number of recurrent sites between cN0 and cN1 groups (solitary metastases:35.8% of cN0 and 35.6% of cN1; multiple metastases: 64.2% of cN0 and 64.4% of cN1). Similarly, there was no statistical difference in recurrence sites of cervical cancer between cN0 and cN1 groups based on three categories, (p = 0.646). However, in the six categories, patients' vaginal vaults with negative lymph nodes were more prone to recurrence, while the distribution of other recurrence sites showed no significant difference between the two groups.ConclusionsThere is a significant improvement of relapse‐free survival in the cN0 group, and the recurrence time of cN0 patients is significantly delayed than cN1 group. However, except for the risk of metastasis of the vaginal vault, the site of relapse remains similar.
The complex role of telocytes in female prostate tumorigenesis in a rodent model
Authors: Maldarine Juliana S. , Sanches Bruno D. A. , Santos Vitória A. , Góes Rejane M. , Vilamaior Patricia S. L. , Carvalho Hernandes F. , Taboga Sebastião R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe prostate is not an organ exclusive to the male. It is also found in females of several species, including humans, in which part of the Skene gland is homologous to the male prostate. Evidence is accumulating that changes in the stroma are central to tumorigenesis. Equally, telocytes, a recently discovered type of interstitial cell, are essential for the maintenance of stromal organization. However, it is still uncertain whether there are telocytes in the female prostate and if they play a role in tumorigenesis. The present study used ultrastructural and immunofluorescence techniques to investigate the presence of telocytes in the prostate of Mongolian gerbil females, a rodent model that often has a functional prostate in females, as well as to assess the impact of a combination of N‐ethyl‐N‐nitrosourea, testosterone, and estradiol on telocytes. The results point to the presence of telocytes in the female prostate in the perialveolar and interalveolar regions, and reveal that these cells are absent in regions of benign and premalignant lesions in the gland, in which the perialveolar smooth muscle is altered. Additionally, telocytes are also closely associated with infiltrated immune cells in the stroma. Our data suggest that telocytes are important for both the maintenance of smooth muscle and prostatic epithelium integrity, which indicates a protective role against the advancement of tumorigenesis. But telocytes are also associated with immune cells and a proinflammatory/proangiogenic role for these cells cannot be ruled out, implying that telocytes have a complex role in prostatic tumorigenesis in females.
Tuning the Product Selectivity toward the High Yield of Glyceric Acid in Pt−CeO2/CNT Electrocatalyzed Oxidation of Glycerol
Authors: Li Jiefei , Li Zhenyu , Zheng Zexuan , Zhang Xueqiong , Zhang Hao , Wei Hang , Chu Haibin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractElectrocatalytic oxidation of glycerol is a highly efficient way for upgrading glycerol toward fine chemicals. Currently, electro‐oxidation of glycerol into the high value‐added C3 products remains a big challenge because of the poor catalytic activity, low selectivity, and high cost of the noble metal catalysts, especially in the alkaline medium. Here, we report that the Pt−CeO2/CNT (CNT=carbon nanotubes) catalyst remarkably promotes the conversion (86.5 % vs. 37.6 %) and recycling stability for glycerol electro‐oxidation reaction, as compared with Pt/CNT. However, the improved catalytic activity of Pt−CeO2/CNT is accompanied by the further oxidation of C3 products including glyceric acid (GLYA). By tuning the product distribution by the ratio of CeO2 and CNT, applied potential, and the Pt loading amount, the high selectivities of C3 products (95 %) and GLYA (59 %) are achieved together with the high glycerol conversion (86 %), leading to the impressive yields of C3 products (81 %) and GLYA (50 %). The unique contributions of CeO2 includes not only the enhanced catalytic activity and recycling stability, but also the suppressed further oxidation of GLYA. Moreover, higher yield of GLYA is reached over Pt−CeO2/CNT even with half loading of Pt, as compared with Pt/CNT.
Freshly Isolated Hepatocytes from Chimeric Humanized Liver Mice for the In Vitro Assessment of Drug Metabolism, Inhibition/Induction, and Safety Studies
Authors: Kakuni Masakazu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHuman hepatocytes are a critical resource for a broad array of in vitro studies that are conducted during drug development. Cryopreserved human hepatocytes offer great advantages in terms of ease of use and lot‐specific repeatability. However, many important cell functions may be diminished or lost altogether in thawed cells. Freshly isolated human hepatocytes may provide the ideal platform for in vitro studies, but limited access to tissue, the challenges of generating high‐quality cell preparations, and the innate variability of multiple donors can all be confounding factors. Recently, freshly isolated hepatocytes from chimeric humanized mice have become available (Yamasaki et al., 2010). These PXB‐cells feature both the ease of use and lot‐specific reproducibility that is provided by cryopreserved human hepatocytes, but are freshly isolated on demand and therefore avoid the complication of diminished cellular function. PXB‐cells are prepared at a cell density of 2.1 × 105 cells/cm2, delivered within 7 days post‐seeding in most of the cases, and can maintain the major drug metabolism factors at least up to 21 days post‐seeding (Yamasaki et al., 2020). © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Care and culture of PXB‐cellsSupport Protocol: Preparation of dHCGM medium for PXB‐cells
Endovascular ablation of the right greater splanchnic nerve in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: early results of the REBALANCE‐HF trial roll‐in cohort
Authors: Fudim Marat , Fail Peter S. , Litwin Sheldon E. , Shaburishvili Tamaz , Goyal Parag , Hummel Scott L. , Borlaug Barry A. , Mohan Rajeev C. , Patel Ravi B. , Mitter Sumeet S. , Klein Liviu , Rocha‐Singh Krishna , Patel Manesh R. , Reddy Vivek Y. , Burkhoff Daniel , Shah Sanjiv J. 
Published: May 2022

AimsIn heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), excessive redistribution of blood volume into the central circulation leads to elevations of intracardiac pressures with exercise limitations. Splanchnic ablation for volume management (SAVM) has been proposed as a therapeutic intervention. Here we present preliminary safety and efficacy data from the initial roll‐in cohort of the REBALANCE‐HF trial.Methods and resultsThe open‐label (roll‐in) arm of REBALANCE‐HF will enrol up to 30 patients, followed by the randomized, sham‐controlled portion of the trial (up to 80 additional patients). Patients with HF, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥50%, and invasive peak exercise pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) ≥25 mmHg underwent SAVM. Baseline and follow‐up assessments included resting and exercise PCWP, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ), 6‐min walk test, and N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP). Efficacy and safety were assessed at 1 and 3 months. Here we report on the first 18 patients with HFpEF that have been enrolled into the roll‐in, open‐label arm of the study across nine centres; 14 (78%) female; 16 (89%) in NYHA class III; and median (interquartile range) age 75.2 (68.4–81) years, LVEF 61.0 (56.0–63.2)%, and average (standard deviation) 20 W exercise PCWP 36.4 (±8.6) mmHg. All 18 patients were successfully treated. Three non‐serious moderate device/procedure‐related adverse events were reported. At 1‐month, the mean PCWP at 20 W exercise decreased from 36.4 (±8.6) to 28.9 (±7.8) mmHg (p < 0.01), NYHA class improved by at least one class in 33% of patients (p = 0.02) and KCCQ score improved by 22.1 points (95% confidence interval 9.4–34.2) (p < 0.01).ConclusionThe preliminary open‐label results from the multicentre REBALANCE‐HF roll‐in cohort support the safety and efficacy of SAVM in HFpEF. The findings require confirmation in the ongoing randomized, sham‐controlled portion of the trial.
Left atrial disease and left atrial reverse remodelling across different stages of heart failure development and progression: a new target for prevention and treatment
Authors: Inciardi Riccardo M. , Bonelli Andrea , Biering‐Sorensen Tor , Cameli Matteo , Pagnesi Matteo , Lombardi Carlo Mario , Solomon Scott D. , Metra Marco 
Published: May 2022

The left atrium is a dynamic chamber with peculiar characteristics. Stressors and disease mechanisms may deeply modify its structure and function, leading to left atrial remodelling and disease. Left atrial disease is a predictor of poor outcomes. It may be a consequence of left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction and neurohormonal and inflammatory activation and/or actively contribute to the progression and clinical course of heart failure through multiple mechanisms such as left ventricular filling and development of atrial fibrillation and subsequent embolic events. There is growing evidence that therapy may improve left atrial function and reverse left atrial remodelling. Whether this translates into changes in patient's prognosis is still unknown.In this review we report current data about changes in left atrial size and function across different stages of development and progression of heart failure. At each stage, drug therapies, lifestyle interventions and procedures have been associated with improvement in left atrial structure and function, namely a reduction in left atrial volume and/or an improvement in left atrial strain function, a process that can be defined as left atrial reverse remodelling and, in some cases, this has been associated with improvement in clinical outcomes. Further evidence is still needed mainly with respect of the possible role of left atrial reverse remodelling as an independent mechanism affecting the patient's clinical course and as regards better standardization of clinically meaningful changes in left atrial measurements. Summarizing current evidence, this review may be the basis for further studies.
The available evidence on the effectiveness of 10 common approaches to the management of non‐specific low back pain: An evidence map
Authors: Jenkins Hazel J. , Ferreira Giovanni , Downie Aron , Maher Chris , Buchbinder Rachelle , Hancock Mark J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveLow back pain is common and remains one of the leading causes of disability globally. This study aimed to develop an evidence map of the quantity of available evidence assessing approaches to manage low back pain, to identify potential redundancies or gaps in the synthesized data, and guide future research focus.Databases and Data treatmentMEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL and CINAHL were searched to March 2022 for systematic reviews assessing the effectiveness of 10 guideline‐recommended approaches to manage low back pain. For each management strategy, the number of systematic reviews, date of publication, eligibility criteria and included primary trials were extracted and descriptive data presented.ResultsSubstantial evidence, including both systematic reviews and primary trials, was available for each management approach except for patient reassurance. The quantity of available evidence has continued to increase over time. Cochrane reviews have been performed for all 10 treatments, except reassurance of the benign nature of low back pain; however, many of the Cochrane reviews were performed prior to 2015. Substantial heterogeneity in the eligibility criteria between systematic reviews exists; however, some age ranges (children and older adults), clinical settings (emergency), and conditions (radiculopathy) were infrequently assessed.ConclusionsBased on systematic reviews, there is a large body of evidence assessing the effectiveness of common approaches to manage low back pain. Justification of the need for further systematic reviews and primary trials should consider the available evidence and is essential to avoid potential research redundancy when investigating effective management of low back pain.SignificanceSubstantial evidence (systematic reviews and primary trials) exists for 10 approaches to manage low back pain. The quantity of available evidence has continued to increase over time. The quantity and large heterogeneity of inclusion criteria in available systematic reviews may influence conflicting recommendations in clinical practice guidelines. Justification of the need for further systematic reviews and primary trials is essential to avoid potential research redundancy.
What do I need to know? Essential educational concepts for complex regional pain syndrome
Authors: Moore Emily , Braithwaite Felicity A. , Stanton Tasha R. , Bellan Valeria , Moseley G. Lorimer , Berryman Carolyn 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundComplex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a rare but disabling pain condition. Accurate and timely education about CRPS is key to promote optimal clinical outcomes, but it is unclear what the content of that education should be. We aimed to determine the content that both people with CRPS and expert health care professionals (HCPs) reported as important.MethodsAn international three‐round e‐Delphi was conducted, recruiting adults diagnosed with CRPS and HCPs. In Round 1, participants were asked to list the most important information people with CRPS should know regarding the condition. Data were organized into concepts and allocated to themes. In Rounds 2 and 3, participants rated each concept on a 9‐point Likert Scale, categorized as ‘not important’ (0–3), ‘important’ (4–6) and ‘very important’ (7–9). A concept attained consensus when ≥75% agreement was reached within a category.ResultsSixty‐two participants (HCPs: n = 7; CRPS: n = 55) proposed 193 concepts in Round 1, resulting in 22 themes. Fifteen additional concepts were identified in Round 2, resulting in a total of 208 concepts. From that list, 48 concepts that emphasized understanding and evidence‐based management of the disorder, the importance of self‐management strategies, pacing and movement, reached joint consensus as ‘very important’. One concept: ‘Advise that movement does not help’ reached joint consensus as ‘not important’.ConclusionForty‐eight concepts were jointly considered ‘very important’ for future CRPS‐related educational content. Future research to better understand group differences and to canvas a broader HCP group is warranted.SignificanceThis e‐Delphi study identified the 48 core concepts that those with the lived experience of CRPS, and advanced practitioner health care professionals jointly rated as ‘very important’ to include in fundamental and accessible educational material.
Does sedentary behaviour contribute to the development of a new episode of low back pain? A systematic review of prospective cohort studies
Authors: Damato Tatiana M. , Christofaro Diego G. D. , Pinheiro Marina B. , Morelhao Priscila K. , Pinto Rafael Z. , De Oliveira Silva Danilo , Tebar William R. , Grande Guilherme Henrique Dalaqua , Oliveira Crystian B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether the sedentary behaviour contributes to the development of new episodes of low back pain in adults.MethodsSearches were performed in five electronic databases from their inception to March 2022. Prospective cohort studies with people without low back pain at baseline investigating the effect of sedentary behaviour on the development of new episodes of low back pain at follow‐up were considered eligible. Two independent authors screened, extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. An adapted version of the Quality In Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Meta‐analyses were performed using random effect models to obtain a pooled risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the overall certainty of the evidence.ResultsTen studies were included in this review, with a total sample ranging from 107 to 57,504 participants and mean age ranging from 21.7 to 53.6 years. Most studies (n = 9) assessed sedentary behaviour using self‐reported methods, including validated questionnaires or single questions, except for one study that used video recording. The overall risk of bias of the included studies was low. Pooled analysis showed that people classified as sedentary or spending more time in sedentary activities were not likely to develop a new episode of low back pain (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.98–1.04, I2 = 9%, n = 9 studies, moderate evidence).ConclusionSedentary behaviour probably does not contribute to the development of new episodes of low back pain in an adult population.SignificanceSedentary behaviour does not appear to increase the chances of developing a new episode of low back pain. This might imply that health lifestyle contributors seem to be more related to the amount and type of physical activity, but not the amount of sedentary time. However, studies evaluating the relationship of the sedentary and physical activity with the development of a new episode of low back pain are still needed.