bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response of shear‐activated nanotherapeutic particles in a clot‐obstructed blood vessel by CFD‐DEM simulations
Authors: Vasquez Giuliano Lorenzo , Buffo Antonio , Vanni Marco , Lanotte Alessandra Sabina , Arima Valentina , Bianco Monica , Baldassarre Francesca , Frungieri Graziano 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn recent years, targeted drug delivery systems have been regarded as a promising solution to enhance the efficiency of treatments against clots in blood vessels. In this context, shear‐activated nanotherapeutics (SANTs) have been recently proposed. These are micrometric clusters of polymeric nanoparticles coated with a clot lysing agent. These drug carriers are stable under normal blood flow conditions, but they can be designed to undergo breakup right on the clot in response to the local increase in the hydrodynamic stress caused by the lumen restriction, effectively concentrating the active agent at the point of need. The aim of this work is to investigate the mechanical response of three potential drug carrier morphologies to the pathological flow field stress, typically encountered in obstructed blood vessels. Computational fluid dynamics simulations have been used to compare the viscous stress in arterial obstructions with the one in a microfluidic device, suitable for in vitro experimental tests. Discrete element method simulations built upon Stokesian dynamics were conducted to estimate the tensile stress distribution acting inside isostatic, random close packing, and hollow drug carriers. The results herein presented constitute a platform for a future experimental campaign and aim at establishing SANTs as a robust and broadly applicable targeting strategy.
Image analysis for design and operation of gravity separators with coalescing aids
Authors: Schäfer Jan , Hlawitschka Mark W. , Bart Hans‐Jörg 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn gravity separators, also known as settlers, two immiscible liquid phases separate due to differences in density. In extraction mixer‐settler units, a dispersion needs to be separated within the separator unit. In order to overcome the hitherto purely experimental design, a knitted mesh adapted model as well as an automated test facility were developed in this work, which easily enable a scale‐up to industrial units. An automation allows for a controlled investigation of knitted meshes as coalescing aids in settlers, and this was achieved via photo‐optical probes with an optimized image analysis technique. It overcomes the limitations of neuronal network training based on manually annotating images using computer‐generated image data. Therefore, the new methodology and setup are explained in detail, and the derivation and application of a new model to design separators with knitted meshes as coalescing aid is presented and compared to experimental results using meshes of different structures and materials. Finally, case studies and scale‐up are discussed.
Spectral Simulation of Heat Transfer Across Polytype Interfaces
Authors: Izitounene Nadjib , Le Ngoc Duc , Davier Brice , Dollfus Philippe , Paulatto Lorenzo , Saint‐Martin Jérome 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPolytype nanowires fabricated in both silicon and germanium are particularly attractive for thermoelectric engineering. In this work, the transport of phonons across polytype heterojunctions such as Si 3C/Si 2H and Ge 3C/Ge 2H is theoretically studied by using a particle Monte Carlo simulation for phonons. Full‐Band dispersions and phonon‐phonon scattering rates are calculated by using the density‐functional theory. Phonon transmission across interfaces is implemented by using a Full‐Band version of the Diffusive Mismatch Model. First, the different transport regimes (diffusive, ballistic, and intermediate) for homogenous 3C and 2H Si and Ge bars are investigated by using the Knudsen number as well as the spectral contributions of the thermal flux. Then, single and double polytype Si and Ge heterostructures are studied. The variation of the interface thermal conductance as a function of the geometric dimension as well as the effects of the spectral distribution of the flux are investigated. This local indicator of the phonon transport regime can be used as a local indicator of the occurrence of the out of equilibrium transport regime. Finally, it is shown that the polytype interfaces exhibit significant thermal resistances and generate an out of equilibrium phonon transport regime around the interface over several nanometers.
Comparison of mobility shift affinity capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrophoresis frontal analysis for binding constant determination between human serum albumin and small drugs
Authors: Mlčochová Hana , Ratih Ratih , Michalcová Lenka , Wätzig Hermann , Glatz Zdeněk , Stein Matthias 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study, two capillary electrophoresis–based ligand binding assays, namely, mobility shift affinity capillary electrophoresis (ms‐ACE) and capillary electrophoresis‐frontal analysis (CE‐FA), were applied to determine binding parameters of human serum albumin toward small drugs under similar experimental conditions. The substances S‐amlodipine (S‐AML), lidocaine (LDC), l‐tryptophan (l‐TRP), carbamazepine (CBZ), ibuprofen (IBU), and R‐verapamil (R‐VPM) were used as the main binding partners. The scope of this comparative study was to estimate and compare both the assays in terms of their primary measure's precision and the reproducibility of the derived binding parameters. The effective mobility could be measured with pooled CV values between 0.55% and 7.6%. The precision of the r values was found in the range between 1.5% and 10%. Both assays were not universally applicable. The CE‐FA assay could successfully be applied to measure the drugs IBU, CBZ, and LDC, and the interaction toward CBZ, S‐AML, l‐TRP, and R‐VPM could be determined using ms‐ACE. The average variabilities of the estimated binding constants were 64% and 67% for CE‐FA and ms‐ACE, respectively.
Simultaneous voltage unbalance compensation and neutral‐to‐ground voltage minimization for an islanded mini‐grid using model predictive control
Authors: Ayoubi Effat , Miveh Mohammad Reza , Ghadimi Ali Asghar , Bagheri Sajad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a model predictive control (MPC) and its application on a three‐phase four‐leg inverter in an islanded mini‐grid to compensate for unbalanced load conditions while minimizing the neutral‐to‐ground voltage (NGV). The proposed approach uses the novel discrete‐time model of the four‐leg inverter and LC filter to predict the control variables. These predictions are evaluated by using a multiobjective cost function. The proposed method is based on the minimization of the cost function to select the best vector state of the power converter to be applied in the next sampling instance. The cost function in this study has two objectives: the adequately tracked low voltage reference and minimization of the NGV, simultaneously. The stability analysis is also defined to investigate the stable dynamics of the proposed MPC. The effectiveness of the suggested method is verified through simulations considering the single/three‐phase and balanced/unbalanced loads. The distinguished results of the proposed work indicate that the proposed MPC algorithm provides high power quality under unbalanced and nonlinear load conditions with high stability. The robustness of the proposed controller is also studied with both inductive and capacitive filter parameter variations.
Performance analysis of subspace‐based spatio‐temporal spectral estimator
Authors: Amirsoleimani Shervin , Olfat Ali 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this article, the performance analysis of subspace‐based spatial‐temporal spectral estimation is investigated. Subspace methods adopt an eigenstructure approach to estimate the array observation power in the frequency‐direction () plane. This approach is used in many wideband array processing techniques using spatial‐temporal covariance matrix (STCM). In this article, the performance of subspace‐based algorithms is addressed in case of two plane waves, separated in direction of arrival (DOA) and frequency, impinging on a linear array. The analysis on one‐dimensional (or) subspace‐based methods are extended to the two‐dimensional case (). Then, an analytic formulation for the expected value of the null spectrum of the observations' spatial‐temporal spectral is presented. Accordingly, two resolution criteria for resolving two plane waves are discussed, and corresponding analytic relations are derived and verified through simulations. In this analysis, the effect of temporal lag order, number of snapshots, and signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) in DOA and frequency resolution are well shown. Finally, two conceptual examples of practical design scenarios are presented.
Newly recognized retrograde eclogites overprinted by high‐temperature metamorphism in the Amdo microcontinent, Central Tibet: Implications for subduction erosion during continental subduction
Authors: Peng Yinbiao , Yu Shengyao , Lai Zhiqing , Li Sanzhong , Liu Yongjiang , Li Chuanzhi , Qi Lili , Jian Zhenzhu 
Published: June 2022

The Amdo microcontinent located within the Bangong–Nujiang Suture Zone (BNSZ) holds one of the important keys to understand the tectonic evolution of Central Tibet before the Qiangtang‐Lhasa terrane collision during the Mesozoic. Newly discovered eclogites were reported within the Amdo microcontinent in this study, and their metamorphic evolution is deciphered by petrographic observations, pseudosection modelling, geochemistry, and zircon U–Pb dating. The eclogites are characterized by peak metamorphic mineral assemblages of garnet, omphacite, rutile, and quartz, and underwent a four‐stage metamorphic evolution, including eclogite facies stage (M1) at ~20–24 kbar and 580–620°C, followed by HP granulite facies decompression stage (M2) at ~13–15 kbar and 750–780°C, subsequent MP–HT granulite facies heating stage (M3) at 8–10 kbar and >840°C, and final amphibolite facies retrogression (M4) at 5.3–6.0 kbar and 560–580°C. The eclogites exhibit rare earth element (REE) distribution patterns and trace element abundance similar to those of N‐MORB and arc‐related volcanics, which are inferred to have formed in a back‐arc Basin tectonic setting. Zircon U–Pb dating yields eclogite facies metamorphic age of 190 ± 1 Ma. The clockwise P–T–t paths and the oceanic protolith signature of retrograde eclogites suggest that part of the back‐arc Basin was subducted to the depths of ~80 km. The subsequent ultra‐high temperature metamorphic overprinting may be related to the upwelling of the asthenosphere. Tectonic erosion associated with the subduction of the Amdo microcontinent beneath the Tethys Ocean accounts for the deep subduction of the back‐arc Basin and the absence of arc magmatic rocks in the northern Amdo microcontinent.
The Human‐Automation Behavioral Interaction Task (HABIT) analysis framework
Authors: Baird Isabelle , Fendley Mary E. , Warren Rik 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHuman‐machine automation systems involve integration among automated agents and goal‐oriented human operators. Automation fundamentally changes the nature of the cognitive demands placed on the human operator, while simultaneously increasing the potential for out‐of‐the‐loop performance problems to impact system efficacy. As a novel human factors method for assessing these human‐automation interaction‐derived, out‐of‐the‐loop, performance challenges, we introduce the Human‐Automation Behavioral Interaction Task (HABIT) analysis. The HABIT framework considers the drivers of system performance in terms of both cognitive activity and human behavior. As an example, we apply HABIT to a tedious intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance task. HABIT demonstrates its effectiveness in guiding the modeling and annotation of cognitive activities and successfully predicting actions resulting in errors. System designers can apply HABIT to assess human‐automation interaction before a system is fielded to proactively address and mitigate out‐of‐the‐loop performance problems.
Low apolipoprotein A1 was associated with increased risk of cancer mortality in patients following percutaneous coronary intervention: A 10‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Nishiyama Hiroki , Funamizu Takehiro , Iwata Hiroshi , Endo Hirohisa , Chikata Yuichi , Doi Shinichiro , Wada Hideki , Naito Ryo , Ogita Manabu , Kato Yoshiteru , Okai Iwao , Dohi Tomotaka , Kasai Takatoshi , Isoda Kikuo , Okazaki Shinya , Miyauchi Katsumi , Minamino Tohru 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPrevious studies showed that elevated apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) predicted reduced risk of cardiovascular‐related (CV) mortality in patients following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Nevertheless, as the association between ApoA1 and cancer mortality in this population has been rarely addressed, our study aimed to evaluate prognostic impact of ApoA1 on multiple types of cancer mortality after PCI. This is a retrospective analysis of a single‐center prospective registry database of patients who underwent PCI between 2000 and 2018. The present study enrolled 3835 patients whose data of serum ApoA1 were available and they were divided into three groups according to the tertiles of the preprocedural level of ApoA1. The outcome measures were total, gastrointestinal, and lung cancer mortalities. The median and range of the follow‐up period between the index PCI and latest follow‐up were 5.9 and 0‐17.8 years, respectively. Consequently, Kaplan‐Meier analyses showed significantly higher rates of the cumulative incidences of total, gastrointestinal, and lung cancer mortality in the lowest ApoA1 tertile group compared to those in the highest. In contrast, there were no significant differences in all types of cancer mortality rates in the groups divided by the tertiles of HDL‐C. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis adjusted by cancer‐related prognostic factors, such as smoking status, identified the elevated ApoA1 as an independent predictor of decreased risk of total and gastrointestinal cancer mortalities. Our study demonstrates the prognostic implication of preprocedural ApoA1 for predicting future risk of cancer mortality in patients undergoing PCI.
Morphological characteristics of zebrafish's yolk sac for malformation based on orthogonal‐polarization‐gating optical coherence tomography
Authors: Li Ke , Wang Yi , Liu Yujia , Li Wangbiao , Weng Zuquan , Li Hui , He Youwu , Li Zhifang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study, an automatic algorithm combining an ellipsoid approximation and U‐net has been presented for the characterization of a zebrafish's yolk sac. The polarization‐difference‐balanced‐detection image of zebrafish was obtained based on orthogonal‐polarization‐gating optical coherence tomography and used to segment the yolk sac region. And ellipsoid can approximate the shape of the three‐dimensional yolk sac, and the multiple parameters of volume and the three principal axes (k, l and m) can be used to quantify the yolk sac. In addition, the multiple parameters of two principal axes (l and m) and volume can distinguish the malformation from the normal controlled group. Finally, the volume malformation of the yolk sac calculated by the proposed algorithm ranges from 16.55% to 46.05%. Thus, the degree of malformation can be applied for toxicity analysis. And this method provides a potential application for an accurate judgment index for biotoxicological testing.
Biphenylvinylene quinolinol derivatives and their light‐emitting properties
Authors: Chang Ying‐Ju , Yang Jye‐Shane , Chang Yuan Jay , Chow Tahsin J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA series of poly(p‐phenylenevinylene) (PPV) type dyes: QoBp, QoBm, QpBp, and QpBm containing biphenyl (B) and 8‐alkoxyquinoline (Q) moieties connected at either ortho (o) or para (p) position are synthesized for the application of organic light‐emitting diodes. The structure design takes the advantages of the good luminescent property of biphenylvinylene and the electron transporting nature of quinolinol. Two polymeric materials: poly‐QoBp and poly‐QoAp were also prepared, whereas the biphenyl moiety of the latter was replaced by a para‐hydroquinone (Ap) moiety. All compounds exhibited high thermal stability with Td values exceeding 300°C. A typical blue light device made with QoBp showed a turn‐on voltage of 4 V, a maximal intensity of 2.30 × 103 cd/m2 at 20 V, and a highest external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 0.43%. Devices of the polymers were made by doping into PVK. The device made with poly‐QoBp exhibited a turn‐on voltage of 9.5 V, and a maximal intensity of 360 cd/m2 at 15 V. A white light device was made successfully by the combination of the blue emission of QoBp and the red emission of 2,3‐bisindolyl‐N‐methylmaleimide. It showed a maximal intensity of 940 cd/m2 at 15 V with a highest EQE of 0.14%.
Monomeric silica supported interaction of TOSMIC with highly functionalized imines: A green approach to azetidines via ABB‐type cycloaddition reaction
Authors: Shukla Pratibha , Deswal Deepa , Narula Anudeep Kumar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe reaction of TOSMIC with highly functionalized imines has been reported. The use of monomeric silica as a catalyst for the reaction has been reported for the first time. The main product of the reported green methodology, formed by the sequential attack of the two TOSMIC units upon the carbon–nitrogen double bond of highly functionalized imines, has been identified as bis(tosylmethyl)azetidine, a four member N‐heterocyclic system. The scope of the reaction concerning functionalized imines and TOSMIC reactivity has been studied and determined, keeping in view the advantage of using TOSMIC as component B for the ABB‐type cycloaddition reactions.
High‐impedance alerts with pulse generator—Lead mismatch
Authors: Christie Simon , El Tobgy Nada , Seifer Colette M. , Khoo Clarence 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCardiac Implantable Electronic Devices (CIED) include pulse generators and leads. In some implanting centers, it is a common practice to combine devices with leads from different companies. Case series have reported episodic high‐impedance changes in Boston Scientific CIEDs with competitor leads. We investigated the incidence of high‐impedance abnormalities in matched versus mismatched Boston Scientific Accolade pacemakers.MethodsA retrospective chart review identified all consecutive Boston Scientific Accolade pacemakers implanted between January 2017 and June 2019 at a Canadian tertiary care center. The primary outcome was the occurrence of transient, high‐impedance changes which resulted in a switch to unipolar pacing/sensing in the absence of any other identifiable lead issue. Fisher exact tests (two‐tailed, α = .05) were used to compare the incidence of outcomes in matched versus mismatched systems.Results514 Boston Scientific Accolade pacemakers were associated with 882 individual leads. The primary outcome occurred with 21 leads (20 Medtronic and 1 Abbott), associated with occasional pacing inhibition, presyncope, and/or early surgical revision. Mismatched lead‐device pairs were significantly associated with CIED malfunction compared to matched lead‐device pairs (3.3% vs. 0%, p = .0019). The median time from implant to unipolar safety switch was 12.4 months. The median follow‐up time was 21.6 months.ConclusionUse of mismatched leads with a Boston Scientific Accolade device was associated with an increased risk of undesirable changes in sensing polarity with occasional inappropriate pacing inhibition. Awareness of this interaction can allow for the institution of appropriate programming remedies and may increase scrutiny of the use of mismatched CIED systems.
Intermediate ocean circulation and cryosphere dynamics in the northeast Atlantic during Heinrich Stadials: benthic foraminiferal assemblage response
Authors: Depuydt Pauline , Mojtahid Meryem , Barras Christine , Bouhdayad Fatima Zohra , Toucanne Samuel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe interaction between ocean circulation and ice‐sheet dynamics plays a key role in the Quaternary climate. Compared with the surface and deep regions of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), the study of intermediate depths during key time periods, such as Heinrich Stadials (HSs), remains poorly documented, especially for the northeast Atlantic. Here we use benthic foraminiferal assemblage data to trace palaeoenvironmental changes from ~32 to 14 ka cal bp at ~1000 m depth in the Bay of Biscay. Our results highlight the high sensitivity of foraminifera, with species‐specific responses, to continental (European Ice Sheet dynamics) and marine (AMOC) forcing factors during the last three HSs. In general, HSs were characterised by the concomitant presence of meso‐oligotrophic and anoxia indicator species and the low abundance of high‐energy indicator species. This confirms an overall sluggish intermediate circulation during the three HSs in the northeast Atlantic. HS1 is distinctive for its abundance of high‐organic flux indicator species during its early phase. This is consistent with the fact that HS1 was by far the most important period of ice‐sheet retreat and meltwater release into the ocean over the studied time interval. Finally, foraminifera depict the mid‐HS2 reventilation event due to regional glacier instabilities.
Model phospholipid interaction with cholesterol and melatonin: Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory study
Authors: Zavatski Siarhei , Bandarenka Hanna , Hetmańczyk Łukasz , Hetmańczyk Joanna , Vorobyeva Maria , Arynbek Yersultan , Mamatkulov Kahramon , Arzumanyan Grigory 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe present a Raman spectroscopy and quantum chemical computational study for model phospholipid membrane molecule dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) mixed with cholesterol or melatonin at various concentrations. Utilizing a confocal Raman microspectroscopy setup, we capture a DPPC conformation state by evaluating the number of trans/gauche bonds using I1064/I1090 and I1128/I1090 vibrational mode intensity ratios. We show that the cholesterol increases the number of trans bonds in DPPC hydrocarbon chains, that is, causing membrane ordering, while melatonin addition introduces gauche conformers, generating disorder. It is noticed that the I1128/I1090 intensity ratio is a more suitable parameter for the characterization of DPPC hydrocarbon chain structural properties compared with I1064/I1090. We thus clarify our experimental observations by performing careful density functional theory (DFT) calculations of Raman spectra for DPPC tails, containing up to three gauche bonds at different chain positions. The obtained results demonstrate the strong interconnection between 1064 and 1090 cm−1 vibrational modes originating from their complex splitting and shifting along with continuous Raman activity redistribution upon various gauche bonds introduction, while it is not the case for 1128 and 1090 cm−1 modes pair.