bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Torsional behavior ofI‐steel–concretecomposite beam considering the composite effects
Authors: Zhang Jingke , Liu Peng , He Chang , Ding Faxing , Hu Mingwen , Shen Jingtao , Lin Qitao , Liu Xiaoyong , Yang Jian , Qiu Yuanguang , Yang Jianjun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTo investigate the mechanical behavior of composite beams under pure torsion, considering the torsional contribution of the steel beam flanges, we established finite element models of I‐steel–concrete composite beams. The nonlinear material constitutive relationship of concrete and steel was adopted in the model, and we validated the relationship by tests. Afterward, parametric analyses were carried out to study the main factors affecting the torsional performance of the composite beam. Our primary investigation focused on the composite effects and load sharing ratio of the steel beam and the concrete slab under pure torsion. We established the formulas for obtaining the maximum shear stresses in the concrete slab and the steel beam based on the composite effects and superposition principle. From these tests and our calculations, we proposed a model defining the torsional bearing capacity and the torsional stiffness of the I‐steel–concrete composite beam; thus, the torsional contribution of the concrete slab and the steel beam were a primary concern in this research. Bearing capacity formulas are also proposed herein and are comparable with those in the literature, demonstrating that our formulas, with simple forms, are highly reliable when predicting the torsional behavior of the composite beam.
Effect of water‐to‐cement ratio on internal relative humidity and autogenous shrinkage of early‐age concrete internally cured by superabsorbent polymers
Authors: Kang Jiacheng , Shen Dejian , Li Chengcai , Li Ming , Wang Xudong , Hu Haijiang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSelf‐desiccation is one common phenomenon of concrete with low water‐to‐cement (w/c) ratios, which may lead to the decrease of internal relative humidity (IRH), and therefore causing autogenous shrinkage (AS). Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) are used as a kind of internal curing material to mitigate AS of concrete. The IRH and AS are significantly affected by the w/c ratio, and several attempts have been made to investigate the IRH or AS of concrete with different w/c ratios. However, the prediction model of AS considering IRH and w/c ratio of internally cured (IC) concrete is limited. In the present study, the effect of w/c ratio on IRH and AS of IC concrete was investigated, and a two‐stage prediction model of AS based on the results of IRH for IC concrete considering the effect of w/c ratio was proposed. The experiment results and analysis indicated that IRH of IC concrete increased as increase of w/c ratio, and development of IRH experienced two stages: a water‐vapor saturated stage with 100% RH (stage I), and a gradually reducing stage in which IRH decreased gradually (stage II); critical time of IC concrete increased as increase of w/c ratio; expansion peak of IC concrete increased as increase of w/c ratio; AS and AS rate of IC concrete decreased as increase of w/c ratio; IRH, critical time, and expansion peak of IC concrete were higher than that of ordinary concrete; AS and AS rate of IC concrete were lower than that of ordinary concrete.
A closed‐form shear resistance model for regions of prestressed beams without flexural cracks
Authors: Roosen Marco A. , Yang Yuguang , van der Veen Cor , Schaafsma Dick G. , Hendriks Max A. N. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWhen the shear resistance of prestressed beams with stirrups is determined with the current Eurocode, no distinction is made between regions with and without flexural cracks. This while it may be expected that a region without flexural cracks will have a higher shear resistance. This is due to the lower longitudinal strains and the narrow crack widths, resulting in a higher contribution of aggregate interlock. Also, the Eurocode does not take into account that in regions without flexural cracks, a significant part of the shear force is transferred through the uncracked flanges. This article proposes therefore a shear resistance model, based on Modified Compression Field Theory (MCFT), that does consider the low longitudinal strains and shear transfer through the uncracked flanges. From a comparison it was found that the proposed model can determine shear resistance as accurately as the most comprehensive level III approach of the Model Code 2010. However, the proposed model was found to be much easier to use in engineering practice as no iterations are necessary.
Multicomponent Reactions (MCRs) with o‐Quinone Methides
Authors: Martins Maria Tereza M. , Dias Flaviana Rodrigues F. , de Moraes Raphael Silva M. , da Silva Marcos Felipe V. , Lucio Kaio R. , D'Oliveira Góes Karina , do Nascimento Patrick A. , da Silva André S. S. , Ferreira Vitor F. , Cunha Anna C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article presents a comprehensive overview of multicomponent reactions (MCRs) that proceed via ortho‐quinone methide intermediates (o‐QM) generated in the reaction medium. Examples of applications involving these highly reactive intermediates in organic synthesis and biological processes (e. g., biosynthetic pathways, prodrug cleavage and electrophilic capture of biological nucleophiles) are also described. QMs are often generated by eliminative processes of phenol derivatives or by photochemical reactions, including reversible generation in photochromic substances. This class of compounds can undergo various reaction types, including nucleophilic attack at the methide carbon, with subsequent rearomatization, and react with electron‐rich dienophiles in inverse‐electron demand hetero‐Diels‐Alder reactions. Its versatile reactivity has been explored in the context of cascade reactions for the construction of several classes of substances, including complex natural products.
Transformative experience in an informal science learning program about climate change
Authors: Littrell Megan K. , Gold Anne U. , Koskey Kristin L. K. , May Toni A. , Leckey Erin , Okochi Christine 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Transformative Experience Questionnaire (TEQ) has previously been used only in formal science learning environments to examine how students' learning experiences extend beyond the classroom into their daily lives. In the present study, an example of how this tool can be useful to assess transformative experiences in an informal learning program is provided. The Lens On Climate Change (LOCC) program combined a place‐based approach to learning with creative expression through storytelling, as middle and high school participants created short films about the impacts of climate change in their communities. Our findings suggest the LOCC participants had a transformative experience with regards to their learning about climate change as illustrated in greater post‐program TEQ scores over a comparison group of research participants who did not engage in the LOCC program. The program was also transformative for both middle and high school students. Results are discussed within theoretical frameworks for designing informal transformative science learning experiences.
A large‐scale epidemiological investigation on trematode infections in small ruminants in Bangladesh
Authors: Dey Anita Rani , Begum Nurjahan , Anisuzzaman  , Islam Md Taohidul , Alam Mohammad Zahangir 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe important trematode species in small ruminants:Paramphistomumsp.,Fasciolaspp. andSchistosomaspp. seriously affect the productivity of domestic ruminants in endemic areas.MethodsIn the present study, we identified the potential risk factors associated with trematodes infections in small ruminants in seven topographic zones of Bangladesh using simple sedimentation and modified Stoll’ ova counting technique.ResultsA total of 2440 samples were examined, where 965 were found positive with one or more trematode species with an overall prevalence of 39.5% (95% CI, 37.6%–41.5%) and intensity of infection was 264.77 ± 9.86 egg per gram of faeces. Three trematode species were identified namelyParamphistomumsp. (34.1%, 32.2%–36.0%),Fasciolaspp. (7.5%, 6.5%–8.6%) andSchistosomaspp. (2.7%, 2.1%–3.5%). Prevalence of co‐infection was 4.8%. The spatial distribution of trematode infections varied from 29.5% to 53.6%. Univariate analysis revealed that physiological condition of females, body condition, farming system, deworming and season were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with trematodes infections in small ruminants. By multiple logistic regression model, three factors such as physiological condition of females (pregnant and lactating), poor body condition and animals without deworming were identified as potential risk factors for trematodes infection in small ruminants.ConclusionTrematode infections are prevalent in the study areas andParamphistomumsp. is most common in different areas among the identified trematodes species.Government should take necessary action to appraise an effective control strategy of trematode infections in small ruminants.
Feminist Storytellers Imagining New Stories to Tell
Authors: de Nooijer Rosa , Sol Cueva Lillian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFeminist scholars such as Donna Haraway (Modest_Witness@Second_Millennium. FemaleMan©Meets_OncoMouse™: Feminism and technoscience, Routledge, 1997, Making oddkin: Story telling for earthly survival, YaleUniversity, 2017, a/b: Auto/Biography Studies 34(3): 565–575, 2019) have been using storytelling in their research, challenging dominant thinking and writing practices in academic work. To counter dominant knowledge practices, storytelling interweaves a plurality of voices and knowledges which speak to one another in order to move toward the imagination and creation of new words, therefore new worlds. Our chapter explores the rich opportunities and challenges that narrative approaches provide for feminist research. We discuss what we could learn from the varied engagements with storytelling as an alternative methodological approach. To do so, creatively and in a dialogue, we bring together literature and insights from feminist narrative studies. At the same time, we ask each other questions, thinking through and reflecting on the use of this method.
Mulai Leave—datang Arrive—pulang Return. Working the Field Together: A Feminist Mother–Son Journey in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Padmanabhan Martina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the chapter I reflect on ten months of research in Yogyakarta, Indonesia undertaken in the company of an 8/9-year-old boy as a single mother. By unpacking the shared journey, how it felt and what we had to consider, I place this social adventure and professional challenge within a feminist assessment of academic, family and parenthood institutions. I highlight the epistemic gains when recognising myself as both mother and academic. Engaging with the growing literature on fieldwork accompanied by children, I focus on the dimensions that construct the field as a parent and researcher showing what I learnt because I was accompanied by a child as part of feminist intellectual and emotional enquiry.
Embodied Urban Cartographies: Women’s Daily Trajectories on Public Transportation in Guadalajara, Mexico
Authors: Gollaz Morán Azucena 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn my chapter I discuss the process of creating comprehensive embodied urban cartographies of women’s daily trajectories to work by public transportation in Guadalajara, Mexico. I argue that mapping methods can be used as a feminist tool to reveal the power structures that shape women’s urban experience and to analyse how those assemblages are lived from an embodied and intersectional perspective. I underline the relevance of such a perspective showing how feminist cartographies help to re-draw more equitable urban geographies.
On the short-range behavior of neutrino forces beyond the Standard Model: from 1/r5 to 1/r4, 1/r2, and 1/r
Authors: Xu Xun-Jie , Yu Bingrong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The exchange of a pair of neutrinos between two objects, seperated by a distance r, leads to a long-range effective potential proportional to 1/r5, assuming massless neutrinos and four-fermion contact interactions. In this paper, we investigate how this known form of neutrino-mediated potentials might be altered if the distance r is sufficiently short, corresponding to a sufficiently large momentum transfer which could invalidate the contact interactions. We consider two possible scenarios to open up the contact interactions by introducing a t-channel or an s-channel mediator. We derive a general formula that is valid to describe the potential in all regimes as long as the external particles remain non-relativistic. In both scenarios, the potential decreases as 1/r5 in the long-range limit as expected. In the short-range limit, the t-channel potential exhibits the Coulomb-like behavior (i.e. proportional to 1/r), while the s-channel potential exhibits 1/r4 and 1/r2 behaviors.
Flavor and CP violation from a QCD-like hidden sector
Authors: Bensalem Wafia , Stolarski Daniel 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Confining hidden sectors at the GeV scale are well motivated by asymmetric dark matter and naturalness considerations and can also give interesting collider signatures. Here we study such sectors connected to the Standard Model by a TeV scale mediator charged under both QCD and the dark force. Such a mediator admits a Yukawa coupling between quarks and dark quarks which is generically flavour and CP violating. We show that in contrast to expectation, electric dipole moments do not place a strong constraint on this scenario even with O(1) CP-violating phases. We also quantitatively explore constraints from ∆F = 1, 2 processes as a function of the number of dark quark flavours. Finally, we describe the reach of upcoming measurements at Belle-II and KOTO, and we propose new CP-odd observables in rare meson decays that may be sensitive to the CP-violating nature of the dark sector.
Reliability of a novel approach for reference-based cell type estimation in human placental DNA methylation studies
Authors: Dieckmann Linda , Cruceanu Cristiana , Lahti-Pulkkinen Marius , Lahti Jari , Kvist Tuomas , Laivuori Hannele , Sammallahti Sara , Villa Pia M. , Suomalainen-König Sanna , Rancourt Rebecca C. , Plagemann Andreas , Henrich Wolfgang , Eriksson Johan G. , Kajantie Eero , Entringer Sonja , Braun Thorsten , Räikkönen Katri , Binder Elisabeth B. , Czamara Darina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe placenta is a central organ during early development, influencing trajectories of health and disease. DNA methylation (DNAm) studies of human placenta improve our understanding of how its function relates to disease risk. However, DNAm studies can be biased by cell type heterogeneity, so it is essential to control for this in order to reduce confounding and increase precision. Computational cell type deconvolution approaches have proven to be very useful for this purpose. For human placenta, however, an assessment of the performance of these estimation methods is still lacking. Here, we examine the performance of a newly available reference-based cell type estimation approach and compare it to an often-used reference-free cell type estimation approach, namely RefFreeEWAS, in placental genome-wide DNAm samples taken at birth and from chorionic villus biopsies early in pregnancy using three independent studies comprising over 1000 samples. We found both reference-free and reference-based estimated cell type proportions to have predictive value for DNAm, however, reference-based cell type estimation outperformed reference-free estimation for the majority of data sets. Reference-based cell type estimations mirror previous histological knowledge on changes in cell type proportions through gestation. Further, CpGs whose variation in DNAm was largely explained by reference-based estimated cell type proportions were in the proximity of genes that are highly tissue-specific for placenta. This was not the case for reference-free estimated cell type proportions. We provide a list of these CpGs as a resource to help researchers to interpret results of existing studies and improve future DNAm studies of human placenta.
The complexity of approximating the complex-valued Potts model
Authors: Galanis Andreas , Goldberg Leslie Ann , Herrera-Poyatos Andrés 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe study the complexity of approximating the partition function of
the q-state Potts model and the closely related Tutte polynomial
for complex values of the underlying parameters. Apart from the
classical connections with quantum computing and phase transitions
in statistical physics, recent work in approximate counting has
shown that the behaviour in the complex plane, and more precisely
the location of zeros, is strongly connected with the complexity of
the approximation problem, even for positive real-valued parameters.
Previous work in the complex plane by Goldberg and Guo focused on
q = 2, which corresponds to the case of the Ising model; for q > 2,
the behaviour in the complex plane is not as well understood and
most work applies only to the real-valued Tutte plane. Our main
result is a complete classification of the complexity of the
approximation problems for all non-real values of the parameters, by
establishing #P-hardness results that apply even when restricted to
planar graphs. Our techniques apply to all q $$\geq$$
≥
2 and further
complement/refine previous results both for the Ising model and the
Tutte plane, answering in particular a question raised by Bordewich,
Freedman, Lovász and Welsh in the context of quantum
computations.
Ways to improve guideline adherence in the emergency department: an interview study on the management of traumatic brain injuries
Authors: Vestlund Sebastian , Vedin Tomas , Edelhamre Marcus , Lindén Magnus , Larsson Per-Anders 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim was to explore factors affecting guideline adherence among doctors in the emergency department and to explore the general perception about local guidelines for traumatic brain injuries.

Methods
Thirty semi-structured interviews were conducted with doctors with experience working in the emergency department regarding different aspects of guideline use, with emphasis on the management of traumatic brain injuries. Twenty-eight interviews were included for analysis. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed iteratively. Emergent codes were identified and organised into themes and subthemes.

Results
Eight themes were identified. Barriers were centred on low availability of local guidelines and guideline document design. Facilitating factors included a concise document, appropriate visual aids, high accessibility, and encouragement by management and senior peers. The local guidelines on traumatic brain injuries were regarded as distinct, but it was occasionally difficult to determine when they were applicable. Mandatory admission of patients on anticoagulants was sometimes perceived as excessive. Biomarker S100b was believed to sometimes lead to delayed care.

Conclusion
The participants believed that guideline adherence would increase by facilitating guideline availability, by providing concise, easy-to-understand, and well-illustrated guidelines available in printed form, as well as establishing a culture that promotes guideline use. The local guidelines for traumatic brain injuries were appreciated, but could be improved.
On the computation of confidence regions and error ellipses: a critical appraisal
Authors: Zaminpardaz S. , Teunissen P. J. G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCustomary confidence regions do not truly reflect in the majority of our geodetic applications the confidence one can have in one’s produced estimators. As it is common practice in our daily data analyses to combine methods of parameter estimation and hypothesis testing before the final estimator is produced, it is their combined uncertainty that has to be taken into account when constructing confidence regions. Ignoring the impact of testing on estimation will produce faulty confidence regions and therefore provide an incorrect description of estimator’s quality. In this contribution, we address the interplay between estimation and testing and show how their combined non-normal distribution can be used to construct truthful confidence regions. In doing so, our focus is on the designing phase prior to when the actual measurements are collected, where it is assumed that the working (null) hypothesis is true. We discuss two different approaches for constructing confidence regions:Approach Iin which the region’s shape is user-fixed and only its size is determined by the distribution, andApproach IIin which both the size and shape are simultaneously determined by the estimator’s non-normal distribution. We also prove and demonstrate that the estimation-only confidence regions have a poor coverage in the sense that they provide an optimistic picture. Next to the provided theory, we provide computational procedures, for both Approach I and Approach II, on how to compute confidence regions and confidence levels that truthfully reflect the combined uncertainty of estimation and testing.
Head-to-head evaluation of [18F]FDG and [68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT in recurrent soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Gu Bingxin , Liu Xin , Wang Shuoer , Xu Xiaoping , Liu Xiaosheng , Hu Silong , Yan Wangjun , Luo Zhiguo , Song Shaoli 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to evaluate the value of [68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT for the diagnosis of recurrent soft tissue sarcoma (STS), compared with [18F]FDG PET/CT.

Methods
A total of 45 patients (21 females and 24 males; median age, 46 years; range, 18–71 years) with 13 subtypes of STS underwent [18F]FDG and [68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT examination within 1 week for assessment local relapse or distant metastasis. Positive lesions on PET/CT images were verified by biopsy or 3-month follow-up. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test was used to compare the semiquantitative values (SUVmax and TBR) of [18F]FDG and [68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 in tumor lesions, and McNemar test was applied to test for differences of both tracers.

Results
Among the 45 patients, 282 local relapses and distant metastases were identified. Compared to [18F]FDG, [68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT detected more lesions (275 vs. 186) and outperformed in sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy for the diagnosis of recurrent lesions (P < 0.001). [68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 demonstrated significantly higher values of SUVmax and TBR than [18F]FDG PET/CT in liposarcoma (P = 0.011 and P < 0.001, respectively), malignant solitary fibrous tumor (MSFT) (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively), and interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma (IDCS) (P < 0.001and P < 0.001, respectively). While mean SUVmax and TBR presented favorable uptake of [18F]FDG over [68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) (P = 0.003 and P < 0.001, respectively) and rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion
[68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT is a promising new imaging modality for recurrent surveillance of STS, and compares favorably with [18F]FDG for identifying recurrent lesions of liposarcoma, MSFT, and IDCS.