bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scalar‐Superposition Metasurfaces with Robust Placement of Quantum Emitters for Tailoring Single‐Photon Emission Polarization
Authors: Xue Zeyang , Jia Shangtong , Li Xingqiao , Li Zhi , Gong Qihuang , Chen Jianjun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDue to nanometric hotspots in a metallic nanoantenna or phase sensitivities in a metasurface, precise placement of a quantum emitter is rigorously required to tailor single‐photon emission, which considerably increases alignment and fabrication difficulties. Here, a scalar‐superposition metasurface is proposed to achieve robust placement of a quantum emitter and meanwhile tailor the single‐photon emission to a desired polarization (e.g., linear, circular, or elliptical polarization). In this metasurface, the far‐field interference of the scattered fields from all unit nanostructures can be simplified as a scalar‐superposition process. As a result, the emission polarization state is insensitive to the phase or the position of the quantum emitter. The simualtion and experiment show that the placement accuracy of the quantum emitter relative to the center of the metasurface is released to about 3λ (wavelength), which is dozens of times greater than that in previous works. This high placement robustness together with the deflection effect of emission directions of the metasurfaces further enable to tailor the polarization of multiple single‐photon emission spots. The strategy of the scalar‐superposition metasurfaces with robust placement makes the nanostructure design and alignment easy, and it also might provide new possibilities for realizing multifunctional and novel quantum nanophotonic devices.
The searching artificial intelligence: Consumers show less aversion to algorithm‐recommended search product
Authors: Xie Zhaohan , Yu Yining , Zhang Jing , Chen Mingliang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThough artificial intelligence (AI) recommendation is a hot topic in recent marketing research, previous research has shown a convergent tendency for aversion to AI recommendation. It is imperative to find ways to promote AI usage and reduce consumers’ AI aversion. This study fills this void by exploring the effect of AI (vs. human) recommenders on consumers’ preferences for search versus experience products in the context of e‐commerce. Two studies provide convergent evidence that consumers show less avoidance of algorithms when recommending search products compared to experience products. A behavioral experiment (Study 1, N = 112) validates that consumers are less likely to purchase experience products recommended by AI, while there are no significant differences between AI versus human recommenders when recommending search products. Using event‐related potential (ERP), a further consumer neuroscience study (Study 2, N = 26) shows that consumers have a higher level of cognitive conflict (i.e., a larger magnitude of N2) when AI (vs. human) recommends experience products, while the effect disappears for search products. This paper shows that for search products, marketers can obtain similar evaluations using AI recommenders, which is relatively cheaper and more time‐saving compared with human recommenders. Therefore, our work provides important implications for theory and practice on e‐commerce and marketing communication.
Linguistic Abnormalities in Isolated Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder
Authors: Šubert Martin , Šimek Michal , Novotný Michal , Tykalová Tereza , Bezdíček Ondřej , Růžička Evžen , Šonka Karel , Dušek Petr , Rusz Jan 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundPatients with synucleinopathies frequently display language abnormalities. However, whether patients with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) have prodromal language impairment remains unknown.ObjectiveWe examined whether the linguistic abnormalities in iRBD can serve as potential biomarkers for conversion to synucleinopathy, including the possible effect of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), speaking task, and automation of analysis procedure.MethodsWe enrolled 139 Czech native participants, including 40 iRBD without MCI and 14 iRBD with MCI, compared with 40 PD without MCI, 15 PD with MCI, and 30 healthy control subjects. Spontaneous discourse and story‐tale narrative were transcribed and linguistically annotated. A quantitative analysis was performed computing three linguistic features. Human annotations were compared with fully automated annotations.ResultsCompared with control subjects, patients with iRBD showed poorer content density, reflecting the reduction of content words and modifiers. Both PD and iRBD subgroups with MCI manifested less occurrence of unique words and a higher number of n‐grams repetitions, indicating poorer lexical richness. The spontaneous discourse task demonstrated language impairment in iRBD without MCI with an area under the curve of 0.72, while the story‐tale narrative task better reflected the presence of MCI, discriminating both PD and iRBD subgroups with MCI from control subjects with an area under the curve of up to 0.81. A strong correlation between manually and automatically computed results was achieved.ConclusionsLinguistic features might provide a reliable automated method for detecting cognitive decline caused by prodromal neurodegeneration in subjects with iRBD, providing critical outcomes for future therapeutic trials. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Handgrip strength: Best practice for a rapid nutrition screening and risk stratification in male patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, a classification and regression tree analysis study
Authors: Shasthry Varsha , Kapoor Puja Bhatia , Tripathi Harshita , Kumar Guresh , Joshi Yogendra Kumar , Benjamin Jaya 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundRapid nutrition screening (NS) is vital for apt management in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC).AimTo identify a quick method of NS having high reliability and prognostic significance.MethodsNS of patients with ALC was assessed using mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC), handgrip strength (HGS), fat‐free mass index (FFMI), and the Royal Free Hospital‐Global Assessment (RFH‐GA). Baseline clinical and biochemical information were recorded along with 90‐day survival data. The classification and regression tree method was used to classify HGS, MUAC, and FFMI values as well nourished (WN), moderately malnourished (MM), and severely malnourished (SM), and their concordance with RFH‐GA categories was assessed using Kendall tau‐b coefficient. The prognostic proficiency of each method was tested by Cox regression analysis.ResultsAccording to the RFH‐GA, of 140 male patients with ALC, 13 of 140 (9.3%) were WN, 93 of 140 (66.4%) were MM, and 34 of 140 (26.8%) were SM. HGS has the strongest association with the RFH‐GA (Kendall tau‐b = 0.772; diagnostic accuracy −81.4%). HGS was found to be the independent predictor of 90‐day mortality (26 of 140 [18.6%]; hazard ratio, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.88–0.98; P = 0.002) after adjusting for age, body mass index, and disease severity. The hazard of mortality was 8.5‐times higher in patients with ALC with HGS < 22 kg as compared with those with HGS > 29.ConclusionHGS is a reliable tool for rapid NS. HGS < 22 kg suggests a high risk for severe malnutrition and is strongly associated with short‐term mortality in male patients with ALC.
Ultralong hydroxyapatite nanofibers/organics composite film for improving its mechanical property: Effect of proportions
Authors: Yan Wen‐xi , Wang Yin‐chuan , Huang Sheng‐yun , Xiao Gui‐yong , Lu Yu‐peng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUltralong hydroxyapatite nanofibers (UHANFs) have received much more attention and been widely used in recent years for their inherent size‐dependent properties. However, the intrinsic agglomeration and brittleness of this material limited its application in some aspects. To overcome the agglomeration of UHANFs and instability of the molding slurry, a model was established inspired by the zeta potential and DLVO theory. The model was of utmost importance to provide a theoretical basis to link potential changes and material properties, and the most desirable state was achieved when the solid content was 2 wt%. In addition, the composites of UHANFs and organics could resolve part of the brittleness problem. Herein, we proposed a simple and environment‐friendly approach to manufacturing the biomimetic UHANFs/(chitosan‐gelatin) composite films. The synthesized products with different proportions of UHANFs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), swelling, and mechanical studies. The results showed that the ratio of UHANFs to organic matter had a profound influence on the combination properties of the composites. When the UHANFs content reached 70% in the films, the tensile strength and Young's modulus were 66.7% and 70.5% higher than that of samples containing 80% UHANFs. The respectable biological and mechanical properties of these films made them have the potential application in bone defect repair.
Pulmonary hypertension in congenital diaphragmatic hernia: Antenatal prediction and impact on neonatal mortality
Authors: Basurto David , Russo Francesca Maria , Papastefanou Ioannis , Bredaki Emma , Allegaert Karel , Pertierra Africa , Debeer Anne , De Catte Luc , Lewi Liesbeth , Devlieger Roland , De Coppi Paolo , Gratacos Eduard , Gomez Olga , Deprest Jan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of pulmonary hypertension (PAH) in left‐sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH); how we could predict it; and how PAH contributed to the model for mortality prediction.Study DesignRetrospective analysis in three European centers. The primary outcome was the presence of PAH on postnatal day (d) 1, 7, and at discharge. Studied predictors of PAH were: observed/expected‐lung/head‐ratio (o/e LHR), liver‐herniation, fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO), and gestational age (GA) at delivery. The combined effect of pre‐ and postnatal variables on mortality was modeled by Cox regression.ResultsOf the 197 neonates, 56 (28.4%) died. At d1, 67.5% (133/197) had PAH and 61.9% (101/163) by d7. Overall, 6.4% (9/141) had PAH at discharge. At d1, o/e LHR (odds ratio (OR) 0.96) and FETO (OR 2.99) independently correlated to PAH (areas under the curve [AUC]: 0.74). At d7, PAH significantly correlated only with the use of FETO (OR 3.9; AUC: 0.65). None were significant for PAH at discharge. Combining the occurrence of PAH with antenatal biomarkers improved mortality prediction (p = 0.02), in a model including o/e LHR (HR: 0.94), FETO (HR: 0.35), liver herniation (HR: 16.78), and PAH (HR: 15.95).ConclusionsAntenatal prediction of PAH was only moderate. The postnatal occurrence of PAH further increases the risk of death. Whereas this may be used to counsel parents in the postnatal period, our study demonstrates there is a need to find more accurate antenatal predictors for PAH.
Cerebro‐placental and umbilico‐cerebral ratios in uncomplicated monochorionic twins: Longitudinal references and comparison with singletons
Authors: Casati Daniela , Zavatta Alice , Cortinovis Ivan , Spada Elena , Faiola Stefano , Laoreti Arianna , Cetin Irene , Lanna Mariano 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesMonochorionic twins (MC) are at high risk of adverse outcomes and Doppler investigation of umbilical and cerebral flows is mandatory for their surveillance. The cerebro‐placental (CPR) and umbilico‐cerebral (UCR) ratios are considered non‐invasive measures of fetal adaptation to hypoxemia. We aimed to provide longitudinal references for CPR and UCR from 16 to 37 weeks of gestation that are specific for MC twins, and compare these with singleton charts.MethodsLongitudinal study of a cohort of consecutive uncomplicated MC twin pregnancies monitored at our unit from 2010 to 2018. The estimated centile curves were obtained estimating the median with fractional polynomials by a multilevel model and the external centiles through the residuals. The comparison with singletons references was made through graphic evaluation.ResultsOne‐hundred‐fifty‐two MC pregnancies were included with a median of 10 longitudinal ultrasounds each. References for CPR and UCR in function of gestational age are presented. Compared to singletons, MC twins showed an earlier and greater circulatory redistribution with lower CPR and higher UCR median values.ConclusionsMC twin‐specific references for CPR and UCR suitable for serial monitoring are presented. The comparison with singleton references demonstrates substantial differences in the hemodynamic balance that must be considered when interpreting findings in MC twins.
A tale of two MOCs: An adventure fable outlining the constant danger of not following proper process safety protocol
Authors: Nelson Pamela , Ruth Lisa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOne of the process safety management (PSM) concepts that so many have struggled with is management of change. It seems so simple on the surface, but it has resulted in serious incidents. Using a story format, two incidents are recited to illustrate what went wrong with management of change (MOC), and how the incidents could have been avoided. A fairy tale story based on the incidents was created to illustrate the importance of MOC. The fairy tale uses familiar character types and forms to illustrate:
why the change was not recognized;
hazards of uncontrolled changes; and
the importance of MOC in the prevention of process safety incidents.
The fairy tale story communicates lessons learned from two incidents that resulted from MOC failures.
Finite‐time fault detection for discrete nonlinear systems with time‐varying delays under the dynamic event‐triggered mechanism
Authors: Hu Jun , Chen Weilu , Chen Dongyan , Wu Zhihui , Yu Hui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article is concerned with the finite‐time fault detection (FTFD) problem for discrete networked systems subject to nonlinearities and time‐varying delays under the dynamic event‐triggered mechanism. The dynamic event‐based communication scheme is adopted to improve the efficiency of the bandwidth utilization, reduce the transmission of redundant signals and decrease the transmission pressure of the network. Then, by constructing a new Lyapunov functional and utilizing the appropriate inequality techniques, some sufficient conditions are derived under which the addressed augmented system achieves the finite‐time stability and attains a satisfactory performance index. Additionally, the expression forms of the fault detection filter (FDF) parameters are presented based on the solutions to certain matrix inequalities. In the end, a numerical simulation is employed to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed FTFD strategy.
Synergistic Antibacterial and Anticorrosive Effect of Polysulfone Nanofibers Embedded with Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles for Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion of Nickel
Authors: Deniz Furkan , Nazır Hasan , Keskin Nalan Oya San 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDue to water‐repellency property and nanoparticle functionalization, nanofibers hold great potential of anti‐bacterial and anti‐corrosive properties. This study examines electrospinning technology to coatings polysulfone and embedded biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) polysulfone nanofibers (PSU−Nf) onto nickel for anti‐bacterial and anti‐corrosive protection. The anti‐corrosion performances of the hydrophobic nanofibers coated nickel surfaces were analyzed by weight loss, Tafel polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The antibacterial activity of nanofibers was analyzed using Pseudomonas aeruginosa which is a model biofilm bacterium. Results showed that the presence of AgNPs on the nanofibers reduces the cell counts. In addition, obtained electrochemical results confirmed the successful corrosion protection of PSU‐Nfs which corrosion current values of PSU−Nf coated Ni samples for 3 d is nearly 10 times smaller (12.1 μA cm−2) than that of bare Nickel (170 μA cm−2) samples. The EIS data agree with the polarization data that charge transfer resistance (Rct) showed a significant increase after Nf coatings. As a result, metal coated with PSU nanofibers and AgNPs embedded PSU‐Nfs has corrosion protection in both artificial seawater with and without biofilm bacteria. Further, due to environmentally friendly approach, electrospinning has the potential of using surface protection instead of toxic pretreatments and coatings.
Base‐Free I2‐Catalyzed Robust Synthesis of Multi‐Functionalized Aniline Scaffolds through Mild and Operationally Simple One‐Pot Domino Protocol
Authors: Sarkar Prabhat , Mukhopadhyay Chhanda 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA proficient, simple and feasible synthetic protocol was developed for the synthesis of polysubstituted 2,6‐dicyanoaniline derivatives by one‐pot domino approach towards the reaction between phenylethylidine malononitriles and benzyl amines as our starting components catalyzed by I2at room temperature in MeCN:H2O (5 : 1) solvent mixture. Moreover, the choice of readily available starting materials having broad substrate scope under mild and operationally simple reaction conditions are the prominent advantages of this strategy.
Electrochemical Reactivity Investigation of Urea Oxidation Reaction in Nichrome/Nitrogen Doped Carbon Nanofibers Synthesized by CVD Method
Authors: Todankar Bhagyashri , Yaakob Yazid , Kalita Golap , Tanemura Masaki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUrea oxidation reaction (UOR) catalysts are being extensively studied due to the affordability, effortlessness of storage and shipment, non‐toxic and non‐combustible characteristics of urea. Additionally, urine and urea‐containing wastes are being explored as fuels, sources for generating electricity and treating waste water simultaneously in urea fuel cells (UFC). Herein, we report the urea oxidation reaction detected for nitrogen (N) doped carbon nanofibers (CNFs) grown on nichrome (NiCr) foil by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method and study its various electrochemical parameters to determine its capability as urea fuel cell catalyst. Nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr) metal particles were observed inside the CNFs structure as an alloy. Ni has been reported to be the most promising catalysts among transition metal catalysts. In this study, we have explored the possibility of a bimetallic transition metal/nitrogen doped carbon supported catalyst to overcome the large overpotentials exhibited by individual Ni‐based catalysts for urea oxidation. The Tafel slope was found to be 640 mV/dec with diffusion coefficient D equal to 4.312×10−13 cm2/s and the anodic transfer coefficient equal to 0.472. The charge transfer impedance was also calculated at 0 V and 0.4 V (onset potential) from the Nyquist plots. Our study revealed that NiCr NCNFs (Nichrome/nitrogen doped carbon nanofibers) exhibited significant UOR in variable molar concentrations of urea in 1 M KOH, making it a suitable candidate for urea oxidation reaction.
The Hidden Intricacies of Aquaporins: Remarkable Details in a Common Structural Scaffold
Authors: Gössweiner‐Mohr Nikolaus , Siligan Christine , Pluhackova Kristyna , Umlandt Linnea , Koefler Sabina , Trajkovska Natasha , Horner Andreas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEvolution turned aquaporins (AQPs) into the most efficient facilitators of passive water flow through cell membranes at no expense of solute discrimination. In spite of a plethora of solved AQP structures, many structural details remain hidden. Here, by combining extensive sequence‐ and structural‐based analysis of a unique set of 20 non‐redundant high‐resolution structures and molecular dynamics simulations of four representatives, key aspects of AQP stability, gating, selectivity, pore geometry, and oligomerization, with a potential impact on channel functionality, are identified. The general view of AQPs possessing a continuous open water pore is challenged and it is depicted that AQPs’ selectivity is not exclusively shaped by pore‐lining residues but also by the relative arrangement of transmembrane helices. Moreover, this analysis reveals that hydrophobic interactions constitute the main determinant of protein thermal stability. Finally, a numbering scheme of the conserved AQP scaffold is established, facilitating direct comparison of, for example, disease‐causing mutations and prediction of potential structural consequences. Additionally, the results pave the way for the design of optimized AQP water channels to be utilized in biotechnological applications.
Effects of A‐site Cations in Quadruple Perovskite Ruthenates on Oxygen Evolution Catalysis in Acidic Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Liu Wei , Kawano Kodai , Kamiko Masao , Kato Yuta , Okazaki Yuichi , Yamada Ikuya , Yagi Shunsuke 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe quadruple perovskite ruthenate CaCu3Ru4O12 is more active and stable than the benchmark catalyst RuO2 in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acidic aqueous solutions, where many oxide‐based catalysts are dissolved. Studies on the crystal structures of quadruple perovskite ruthenates are rare, and the origin of OER activity or stability from a structural aspect has not been clarified in detail. This presents the need to study the effects of cations at the A site of quadruple perovskite ruthenates ACu3Ru4O12 (A = Ca, Sr, La, Nd, and Ce) on the OER catalytic activity and stability in acidic aqueous solutions. CaCu3Ru4O12 has the highest activity and stability among all quadruple perovskite samples. The type of cation at the A site changes the average Cu and Ru valence states, and the plot of OER activity versus the average Cu valence number shows a volcano‐type relationship. In addition, stability increases with a decrease in Ru–O bond length. This research provides a good design principle for OER catalysts with high activity and stability in severely acidic aqueous solutions.
Intracellular Physical Properties with Small Organic Fluorescent Probes: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives
Authors: Dutta Tanoy , Pal Kaushik , Koner Apurba Lal 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe intracellular physical parameters i. e., polarity, viscosity, fluidity, tension, potential, and temperature of a live cell are the hallmark of cellular health and have garnered immense interest over the past decade. In this context, small molecule organic fluorophores exhibit prominent useful properties including easy functionalizability, environmental sensitivity, biocompatibility, and fast yet efficient cellular uptakability which has made them a popular tool to understand intra‐cellular micro‐environmental properties. Throughout this discussion, we have outlined the basic design strategies of small molecules for specific organelle targeting and quantification of physical properties. The values of these parameters are indicative of cellular homeostasis and subtle alteration may be considered as the onset of disease. We believe this comprehensive review will facilitate the development of potential future probes for superior insight into the physical parameters that are yet to be quantified.