bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Interfield Strength Agreement of Left Ventricular Strain Measurements at 1.5 T and 3 T Using Cardiac MRI Feature Tracking
Authors: Ayton Sarah L. , Alfuhied Aseel , Gulsin Gaurav S. , Parke Kelly S. , Wormleighton Joanne V. , Arnold J. Ranjit , Moss Alastair J. , Singh Anvesha , Xue Hui , Kellman Peter , Graham‐Brown Matthew P. M. , McCann Gerry P. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundLeft ventricular (LV) strain measurements can be derived using cardiac MRI from routinely acquired balanced steady‐state free precession (bSSFP) cine images.PurposeTo compare the interfield strength agreement of global systolic strain, peak strain rates and artificial intelligence (AI) landmark‐based global longitudinal shortening at 1.5 T and 3 T.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsA total of 22 healthy individuals (mean age 36 ± 12 years; 45% male) completed two cardiac MRI scans at 1.5 T and 3 T in a randomized order within 30 minutes.Field Strength/SequencebSSFP cine images at 1.5 T and 3 T.AssessmentTwo software packages, Tissue Tracking (cvi42, Circle Cardiovascular Imaging) and QStrain (Medis Suite, Medis Medical Imaging Systems), were used to derive LV global systolic strain in the longitudinal, circumferential and radial directions and peak (systolic, early diastolic, and late diastolic) strain rates. Global longitudinal shortening and mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) were measured using an AI deep neural network model.Statistical TestsComparisons between field strengths were performed using Wilcoxon signed‐rank test (P value < 0.05 considered statistically significant). Agreement was determined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland–Altman plots.ResultsMinimal bias was seen in all strain and strain rate measurements between field strengths. Using Tissue Tracking, strain and strain rate values derived from long‐axis images showed poor to fair agreement (ICC range 0.39–0.71), whereas global longitudinal shortening and MAPSE showed good agreement (ICC = 0.81 and 0.80, respectively). Measures derived from short‐axis images showed good to excellent agreement (ICC range 0.78–0.91). Similar results for the agreement of strain and strain rate measurements were observed with QStrain.ConclusionThe interfield strength agreement of short‐axis derived LV strain and strain rate measurements at 1.5 T and 3 T was better than those derived from long‐axis images; however, the agreement of global longitudinal shortening and MAPSE was good.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 2
Prevalence of anti‐parvovirus B19 IgG and IgM and parvovirus B19 viremia in pregnant women in an urban area of Northern Italy
Authors: De Paschale Massimo , Pavia Claudia , Cerulli Teresa , Cagnin Debora , Manco Maria T. , Belvisi Luisa , Paganini Alessia , Pogliani Laura , Ceriani Elena , Porta Alessandro , Parola Luciana , Mirri Paola , Osnaghi Bianca , Vismara Laura , Clerici Pierangelo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractParvovirus B19 (B19V) infection in pregnancy is mostly asymptomatic, but can cause complications including abortion and fetal hydrops. Although its infection is ubiquitous, seroprevalence among pregnant women varies according to different geographical areas. Since seroprevalence data in Italy are limited, the prevalence of antibodies and DNA in pregnant women was evaluated retrospectively, correlating the clinical situation of mothers and newborns. One thousand eight hundred and ninety‐three sequential sera were examined from pregnant women (60.8% in the first trimester, 16.6% in the second one, and 22.6% in the third one, respectively) for anti‐B19V IgG and IgM (confirmed by immunoblot); 1402 (74.1%) were of Italian origin and 491 (25.9%) non‐Italian women. Molecular tests were used to search for viral genome. One thousand three hundred and fifteen (69.5%) samples were IgG‐positive, 21 (1.1%) IgM‐positive, and 578 (30.5%) nonimmune. The difference in IgG seroprevalence between Italian (71.1%) and non‐Italian women (64.8%) was statistically significant. Of the 21 IgM‐positive women, 16 were confirmed positive also by immunoblot (prevalence: 0.8%), of which 11 were viraemic (prevalence: 0.6%; mean 1.3 × 104 geq/ml). Mothers were asymptomatic, and the newborns had no clinical signs of congenital infection. IgG seroprevalence in Italy is high, with differences between Italian women and non‐Italian women from geographic areas with lower endemic levels of B19V. The consistent migratory flows in place could lead to an increase in the number of susceptible women. The prevalence of viremia is low, and has not been associated with evident fetal damage at birth.
Temporal changes in the accessory protein mutations of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants and their predicted structural and functional effects
Authors: Cruz Christian Alfredo K. , Medina Paul Mark B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEmerging variants enable the continuous spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 in humans. The factors contributing to behavioral differences in variants remain elusive despite associations with several Spike protein mutations. Exploring accessory proteins may provide a wider understanding of these differences since these proteins may affect viral processes that occur beyond infection. Various bioinformatics tools were utilized to identify significant accessory protein mutations and determine their structural and functional effects over time. The ViruClust web application was used to retrieve accessory protein amino acid sequences and determine mutation frequencies in these sequences across time. The structural and functional effects of the mutations were determined using Missense3D and PROVEAN, respectively. The accessory and Spike protein mutations were compared using mutation densities. Q57H and T151I of ORF3a; T21I and W27L of ORF6; G38V, V82A, and T120I of ORF7a; S31P and T40I of ORF7b; and R52I, C61F, and I121L of ORF8 were highly frequent in most variants of concern and were within known functional domains. Thus, these are good candidates for further experimental evaluation. Among the accessory proteins, ORF6 and ORF8 were highlighted because of their strong and weak correlation with Spike protein mutations, respectively.
Introduction of a guideline for measurements of greenhouse gas fluxes from soils using non‐steady‐state chambers
Authors: Maier Martin , Weber Tobias K. D. , Fiedler Jan , Fuß Roland , Glatzel Stephan , Huth Vytas , Jordan Sabine , Jurasinski Gerald , Kutzbach Lars , Schäfer Klaus , Weymann Daniel , Hagemann Ulrike 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSoils represent a major global source and sink of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Many studies of GHG fluxes between soil, plant and atmosphere rely on chamber measurements. Different chamber techniques have been developed over the last decades, each characterised by different requirements and limitations. In this manuscript, we focus on the non‐steady‐state technique which is widely used for manual measurements but also in automatic systems. Although the measurement method appears very simple, experience gained over the years shows that there are many details which have to be taken into account to obtain reliable measurement results.This manuscript aims to share lessons learnt and pass on experiences in order to assist the reader with possible questions or unexpected challenges, ranging from the planning of the design of studies and chambers to the practical handling of the chambers and the quality assurance of the gas and data analysis. This concise introduction refers to a more extensive Best Practice Guideline initiated by the Working Group Soil Gases (AG Bodengase) of the German Soil Science Society (Deutsche Bodenkundliche Gesellschaft). The intention was to collect and aggregate the expertise of different working groups in the research field. As a compendium, this Best Practice Guideline is intended to help both beginners and experts to meet the practical and theoretical challenges of measuring soil gas fluxes with non‐steady‐state chamber systems and to improve the quality of the individual flux measurements and thus entire GHG studies by reducing sources of uncertainty and error.
Late Pleistocene history of aggradation and incision within a bedrock gorge, Narmada River, central India: implications for resurgent tectonic activity and changing climate
Authors: Sridhar Alpa , Bhattacharya Falguni , Vanik Naimisha , Maurya D. M. , Chamyal L. S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBedrock gorges occurring on the Indian Peninsula are sites of intense erosive activity where thick sequences of fluvial sediments are conspicuously absent. We identified unusually thick and coarse fluvial sequences within the Dhadgaon (DG) gorge in the lower reaches of the Narmada River in central India. Stratigraphic interpretations, sediment character and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages revealed episodic aggradation at ~70 ka and ~28 ka in response to tectonically induced steepening of the upstream channel gradient. Incision of the DG gorge and sedimentation of the alluvial fan downstream was facilitated by a climatically induced decrease in the sediment supply/discharge ratio in addition to the tectonic slope. The final evacuation of sediments from the DG gorge and incision of the Banganga channel occurred during the early Holocene. Collectively, the results show a major influence of tectonics, hillslope processes and lithology on aggradation–incision patterns supported by climatic conditions during the late Quaternary.
Implications of leukocytosis following distal pancreatectomy splenectomy (DPS) and association with postoperative complications
Authors: Labib Jessica Y. , Lovasik Brendan P. , Lad Neha , Saltalamacchia Julia , Maithel Shishir K. , Sarmiento Juan M. , Staley Charles A. , Sweeney John F. , Kooby David A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundEarly identification of complications after distal pancreatectomy splenectomy (DPS) poses challenges, as white blood cell count (WBC) is confounded by physiologic leukocytosis. We examined WBC patterns associated with complications after DPS.MethodsClinicopathologic data were collected for patients who underwent DPS in our system from 2009 to 2016. We examined WBC, temperature, platelet count (PC), and ratios of these variables as potential early indicators of patients at risk of infections or major complications (MCs).Results348 patients met study inclusion, of whom 206 (59%) were women and the median patient age was 59 ± 15 years. Infectious and MC rates were 11% and 16%, respectively, with <1% 30‐day mortality. Postoperative WBC peaks were higher in patients with infections and MCs compared with no complication (23 vs. 17, p < 0.0001). WBC peak timing occurred postoperative day (POD) 2–3 for uncomplicated cases while peaks occurred POD9 for patients with infections and MCs.DiscussionThese data define patterns of leukocytosis following DPS. Although differences in infection markers were identified for patients with and without complications, no obvious thresholds were identified. Clinical suspicion for complications after DPS remains our best tool for early identification.
Corrosion protection of Mg‐SiC nanocomposite through plasma electrolytic oxidation coating process
Authors: Golhin Ali P. , Kamrani Sepideh , Fleck Claudia , Ghasemi Alireza 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the role of nanoparticles in magnesium (Mg)‐based materials and protective coating provides valuable information to achieve an optimized combination of mechanical and corrosion protection properties of Mg nanocomposites. The present study investigates the effects of SiC nanoparticles on the corrosion behavior and structure of Mg‐SiC composites substrates coated by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO). Moreover, the influence of different volume fractions of SiCn up to 10% on corrosion behavior and galvanic reactions between Mg matrix and SiC particles was also investigated. The morphology, distribution of the phases, and the microstructure of the coating were characterized by SEM, EDAX, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and XRD. The corrosion resistance of the samples was determined through dynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests before and after PEO coating treatment. The results indicate that the Mg nanocomposite with 1 vol% SiCn (M1Sn) coated by PEO coating shows higher corrosion resistance than the samples with a higher percentage of SiCn, as well as the sample without SiCn particles.
Polyphenol–Metal Functionalized Hydrogel Dressing with Sustained Release, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Properties for the Potential Treatment of Chronic Wounds
Authors: Zeng Zhiwen , Guo Cuiping , Lu Daohuan , Geng Zhijie , Pei Dating , Yu Shan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInfection and chronic inflammation caused by oxidative stress are the main challenges in chronic wound healing. In this study, a silk fibroin/kappa‐carrageenan (kCA)‐based hydrogel functionalized with epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) and Cu2+ is fabricated for chronic wound healing. Polyphenol–metal functional complexes and ionic‐covalent entanglement networks are prepared by introducing Cu2+. Cu2+ coordinates with kCA to enhance the mechanical properties and chelates with EGCG to form an EGCG‐Cu2+ complex that continuously releases EGCG. The sustained release of EGCG enhances the antibacterial properties by synergizing with the effects of Cu2+. Furthermore, the prepared hydrogel exhibits a potent ability to scavenge excessive intracellular reactive oxygen species, controllable antioxidant bioactivity, and reliable biocompatibility. Ultimately, the resulting multifunctional hydrogel dressing provides a potential and effective strategy for chronic wound care management with increased mechanical strength and antibacterial and antioxidant properties.
Cardiovascular risk factors in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A family design study of Swedish conscripts
Authors: Garcia‐Argibay Miguel , Du Rietz Ebba , Hartman Catharina A. , Lichtenstein Paul , Chang Zheng , Fava Cristiano , Cortese Samuele , Larsson Henrik 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjective(1) investigate the associations of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, pulse pressure (PP), physical fitness, and BMI; (2) explore whether cardiovascular risk factors and ADHD share genetic and environmental influences; (3) assess if pharmacological treatment for ADHD influences these associations.MethodsWe identified 395,978 individuals born between 1973 and 1991 who had military conscription examinations at a mean age of 18.3 years (SD = 0.57) and their full‐siblings within the same cohort (N = 208,060) by linking population‐based registers in Sweden.ResultsSignificantly increased risk of ADHD was observed in individuals with low systolic blood pressure (SBP) and PP, low physical fitness, and in those who had overweight or obesity after adjustments (adjusted Odds Ratio [OR] ranging from 1.10 to 1.45). Full siblings of individuals with low SBP, low physical fitness, and obesity were more likely to receive an ADHD diagnosis compared to full siblings without those risk factors (OR ranging from 1.17 to 1.31). Additionally, analyses showed robust associations between ADHD and low SBP, low physical fitness, and obesity, even in ADHD medication‐naïve individuals.ConclusionsIndividuals with several cardiovascular risk factors are more often diagnosed with ADHD, regardless of psychiatric comorbidity. These association are not explained by ADHD pharmacotherapy, rather, they are in part due to shared familial risk factors.
A 32‐element loop/dipole hybrid array for human head imaging at 7 T
Authors: Avdievich Nikolai I. , Nikulin Anton V. , Ruhm Loreen , Magill Arthur W. , Glang Felix , Henning Anke , Scheffler Klaus 
Published: June 2022

PurposeTo improve whole‐brain SNR at 7 Tesla, a novel 32‐element hybrid human head array coil was developed, constructed, and tested.MethodsOur general design strategy is based on 2 major ideas: Firstly, following suggestions of previous works based on the ultimate intrinsic SNR theory, we combined loops and dipoles for improvement of SNR near the head center. Secondly, we minimized the total number of array elements by using a hybrid combination of transceive (TxRx) and receive (Rx) elements. The new hybrid array consisted of 8 folded‐end TxRx‐dipole antennas and 3 rows of 24 Rx‐loops all placed in a single layer on the surface of a tight‐fit helmet.ResultsThe developed array significantly improved SNR in vivo both near the center (∼20%) and at the periphery (∼20% to 80%) in comparison to a common commercial array coil with 8 transmit (Tx) and 32 Rx‐elements. Whereas 24 loops alone delivered central SNR very similar to that of the commercial coil, the addition of complementary dipole structures provided further improvement. The new array also provided ∼15% higher Tx efficiency and better longitudinal coverage than that of the commercial array.ConclusionThe developed array coil demonstrated advantages in combining complementary TxRx and Rx resonant structures, that is, TxRx‐dipoles and Rx‐loops all placed in a single layer at the same distance to the head. This strategy improved both SNR and Tx‐performance, as well as simplified the total head coil design, making it more robust.
Multi‐echo quantitative susceptibility mapping: how to combine echoes for accuracy and precision at 3 Tesla
Authors: Biondetti Emma , Karsa Anita , Grussu Francesco , Battiston Marco , Yiannakas Marios C. , Thomas David L. , Shmueli Karin 
Published: June 2022

PurposeTo compare different multi‐echo combination methods for MRI QSM. Given the current lack of consensus, we aimed to elucidate how to optimally combine multi‐echo gradient‐recalled echo signal phase information, either before or after applying Laplacian‐base methods (LBMs) for phase unwrapping or background field removal.MethodsMulti‐echo gradient‐recalled echo data were simulated in a numerical head phantom, and multi‐echo gradient‐recalled echo images were acquired at 3 Tesla in 10 healthy volunteers. To enable image‐based estimation of gradient‐recalled echo signal noise, 5 volunteers were scanned twice in the same session without repositioning. Five QSM processing pipelines were designed: 1 applied nonlinear phase fitting over TEs before LBMs; 2 applied LBMs to the TE‐dependent phase and then combined multiple TEs via either TE‐weighted or SNR‐weighted averaging; and 2 calculated TE‐dependent susceptibility maps via either multi‐step or single‐step QSM and then combined multiple TEs via magnitude‐weighted averaging. Results from different pipelines were compared using visual inspection; summary statistics of susceptibility in deep gray matter, white matter, and venous regions; phase noise maps (error propagation theory); and, in the healthy volunteers, regional fixed bias analysis (Bland–Altman) and regional differences between the means (nonparametric tests).ResultsNonlinearly fitting the multi‐echo phase over TEs before applying LBMs provided the highest regional accuracy of and the lowest phase noise propagation compared to averaging the LBM‐processed TE‐dependent phase. This result was especially pertinent in high‐susceptibility venous regions.ConclusionFor multi‐echo QSM, we recommend combining the signal phase by nonlinear fitting before applying LBMs.
An expanded access protocol of RT001 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis—Initial experience with a lipid peroxidation inhibitor
Authors: Yerton Megan , Winter Allison , Kostov Anthony , Lieberman Cassandra , Gelevski Dario , Weber Harli , Doyle Michael , Kane Geli , Parikh Neil , Burke Katherine M. , Rohrer Margot , Stirrat Taylor , Bruno Margaret , Hochman Alison , Luppino Sarah , Scalia Jennifer , Skoniecki Debra , D'Agostino Derek , Sinani Ervin , Yu Hong , Sherman Alexander V. , Babu Suma , Berry James D. , Midei Mark G. , Milner Peter G. , Cudkowicz Merit E. , Paganoni Sabrina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsLipid peroxidation is thought to play a biologically important role in motor neuron death in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). 11,11 Di‐deuterated linoleic ethyl ester (RT001) prevents lipid peroxidation in cellular and mitochondrial membranes. Herein we report on the use of RT001 under expanded access (EA).MethodsWe provided RT001 to patients with ALS via EA at a single site. The starting dose was 2.88 g/day, which was increased to to 8.64 g/day as tolerated. Participants were not eligible for alternative clinical trials. Participants were followed for adverse events and pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were measured approximately 3 months after RT001 initiation.ResultsSixteen participants received RT001 (5.6 ± 1.6 g/day; dose range, 1.92 to 8.64 g/day) for a mean period of 10.8 ± 7.1 months. After 3 months of treatment, PK studies showed that RT001 was absorbed, metabolized, and incorporated into red blood cell membranes at concentrations expected to be therapeutic based on in vitro models. The most common adverse events were gastrointestinal, including diarrhea, which occurred in 25% of the participants, and were considered possibly related to RT001. One participant (6%) discontinued due to an adverse event. Ten serious adverse events occurred: these events were recognized complications of ALS and none were attributed to treatment with RT001.DiscussionRT001 was administered safely to a small group of people living with ALS in the context of an EA protocol. Currently, there is an ongoing randomized, double‐blind, controlled study of RT001 in ALS.
Transgender and nonbinary young adults' perception of sibling and parental support for gender identity
Authors: Bosse Jordon D. , Dion Kimberly A. , Campbell Galman Sally , Chiodo Lisa M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTransgender and nonbinary young adults report frequent parental rejection was linked to poor mental health. There are limited data about transgender and nonbinary young adult sibling relationships following disclosure or discovery of gender identity. The purpose of this analysis is to compare transgender and nonbinary young adults' perception of parental and sibling support specifically for gender identity immediately after disclosure and in the present day. Eligible respondents were recruited via paid social media advertisements. Respondents provided data on demographics, family relationships, and perceived support for gender identity. The sample consisted of 348 transgender and nonbinary young adults (Mean age: 21.5 years) who lived in the United States, identified as White and were assigned female at birth. The majority reported on a nuclear family. Nearly three‐quarters (71.3%) had disclosed their identity to at least one parent and had done so within the past 3 years. Overall, respondents perceived a significant increase in family members' support from the time of disclosure to the time of the survey. Most respondents reported improved family relationships since disclosing their gender identity. Siblings were perceived as significantly more supportive than either parent at both time points. Siblings could be an essential source of support for transgender/nonbinary young people, particularly if parents are not accepting or do not yet know their child's gender identity. Nurses and other professionals working with transgender and nonbinary young people in school, community, and clinical settings should assess perceived support across familial relationships.