bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward a population synthesis of disks and planets
Authors: Burn R. , Emsenhuber A. , Weder J. , Völkel O. , Klahr H. , Birnstiel T. , Ercolano B. , Mordasini C. 
Published: August 2022

Context. Millimeter astronomy provides valuable information on the birthplaces of planetary systems. In order to compare theoretical models with observations, the dust component has to be carefully calculated.
Aims. Here, we aim to study the effects of dust entrainment in photoevaporative winds, and the ejection and drag of dust due to the effects caused by radiation from the central star.
Methods. We improved and extended the existing implementation of a two-population dust and pebble description in the global Bern/Heidelberg planet formation and evolution model. Modern prescriptions for photoevaporative winds were used and we accounted for settling and advection of dust when calculating entrainment rates. In order to prepare for future population studies with varying conditions, we explored a wide range of disk, photoevaporation, and dust parameters.
Results. If dust can grow to pebble sizes, that is, if they are resistant to fragmentation or turbulence is weak, drift dominates and the entrained mass is small but larger than under the assumption of no vertical advection of grains with the gas flow. For the case of fragile dust shattering at velocities of 1m s−1 – as indicated in laboratory experiments –, an order of magnitude more dust is entrained, which becomes the main dust removal process. Radiation pressure effects disperse massive, dusty disks on timescales of a few hundred Myr.
Conclusions. These results highlight the importance of dust entrainment in winds as a solid-mass removal process. Furthermore, this model extension lays the foundations for future statistical studies of the formation of planets in their birth environment.
Distribution of Functional Status of Thyroid Nodules and Malignancy Rates of Hyperfunctioning and Hypofunctioning Thyroid Nodules in Germany
Authors: Schenke Simone Agnes , Kreissl Michael C , Grunert Michael , Hach Anja , Haghghi Sarvar , Kandror Tatjana , Peppert Eckhard , Rosenbaum-Krumme Sandra , Ruhlmann Verena , Stahl Alexander , Wanjura Dieter , Zaplatnikov Konstantin , Zimny Michael , Gilman Elena , Herrmann Ken , Görges Rainer 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aim Thyroid scintigraphy enables the depiction of the functional status of thyroid nodules (TNs) with both, 99mTc-pertechnetate and 123Iodine. The functional status is relevant for diagnostic procedures for the differentiation of benign and malignant TNs. The aim of this study was to examine the current frequencies of hyper-, hypo- and isofunctioning TNs in Germany and to estimate the risk of malignancy with regard to functional status.
Methods In 11 study centers, a minimum of 100 nodules per center were consecutively enrolled between July 2019 and April 2020. Inclusion criteria were: newly diagnosed nodule, nodule’ size of 10 mm or more, thyroid scintigraphy. Exclusion criteria were: completely cystic TNs, patients with prior radioiodine therapy or thyroid surgery. The risk of malignancy was estimated for hyper- and hypofunctioning TNs.
Results Overall, 849 patients (72 % women) with 1262 TNs were included. Patients’ age ranged from 18 to 90 years. Most TNs were hypofunctioning (n=535, 42%) followed by isofunctioning TNs (n=488, 39%) and hyperfunctioning TNs (n=239, 19%). When only TNs with a maximum size of 2 cm or more were considered the rate of hyperfunctioning and hypofunctioning TNs increased (to 27% and 49%) while isofunctioning TNs decreased. Only one of all hyperfunctioning TNs was malignant. In hypofunctioning nodules, the malignancy rate was estimated at 10%.
Conclusion In Germany, the proportion of hyperfunctioning TNs is approximately 20% and increases in larger TNs to up to 27%. Due to the low risk of malignancy in hyperfunctioning TNs, no further procedures to rule out malignancy are necessary. The risk of malignancy of hypofunctioning TNs is significantly higher. Thus, a thyroid scintigraphy is a useful diagnostic tool in Germany.
Entwicklung der akademischen Thoraxchirurgie in Deutschland
Authors: Ried Michael , Walles Thorsten , Hofmann Hans-Stefan 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Thoraxchirurgie ist in Deutschland vornehmlich an außeruniversitären thoraxchirurgischen Kliniken abgebildet und nur an verhältnismäßig wenigen Universitätskliniken klinisch als
eigenständige Abteilung oder Klinik und wissenschaftlich als W2- oder W3-Professur etabliert. Infolgedessen ist die Gewinnung von fachärztlichem Nachwuchs und insbesondere die Generierung
von akademisch tätigen Thoraxchirurgen als Kontaktpersonen für Forschende aus den unterschiedlichen Bereichen der Lebens- und Ingenieurwissenschaften sowie für die Weiterentwicklung des
Fachgebiets Thoraxchirurgie deutlich schwieriger als in anderen chirurgischen Fächern. In den medizinischen Fakultäten stehen die Lehre, Forschung und Patientenversorgung gleichberechtigt
nebeneinander. Für die Übernahme dieser Aufgaben durch Thoraxchirurgen werden Konzepte zum Ausbau und der Förderung der akademischen Thoraxchirurgie in der deutschen Hochschulmedizin
benötigt. Ein strukturiertes Curriculum Akademische Thoraxchirurgie kann zusätzlich zu Mentorenprogrammen, Fördermöglichkeiten und zusätzlichen Freiräumen für die Forschung bzw. Lehre die
akademische Karriere in der Thoraxchirurgie unterstützen.
Choosing Wisely in France, for the Treatment of Saphenous Vein Insufficiency and Recurrences
Authors: Hamel-Desnos Claudine 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChoosing wisely is an idea originally created in North America. It was designed to help maintaining a dialogue with patients to allow taking best decisions in the care and treatment of patients. As a consequence, despite guidelines outlining evidence of different treatments, choosing wisely takes the patient’s point of view into the focus and helps priorising therapeutic strategies in the context of specialisation, country, reimbursement and culture.In France this dialogue was performed under the auspices of the National Professional Council of Vascular Medicine (CNPMV- Conseil National Professionnel de Médecine Vasculaire), which brings together all the societies of vascular medicine in France (representing, more than 2,000 vascular doctors).They have elaborated 10 recommendations to choose wisely regarding the treatment of saphenous veins insufficiency and recurrences. The history, discussion and results are presented in this article.
Quality improvement project on the development of a management algorithm for iatrogenic perforations and the long-term impact on physician knowledge
Authors: Lew Daniel , Abboud Yazan , Picha Suellen M. , Lai Ellis C. , Park Kenneth H. , Pandol Stephen J. , Almario Christopher V. , Lo Simon K. , Gaddam Srinivas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Acute iatrogenic endoscopic perforations (AIEPs) can have high morbidity and mortality, especially colonic perforations. Knowledge of diagnosis and AIEP management can improve patient care. The aims of this study were to: develop an evidence-based AIEP management algorithm; study its short-term and long-term impact on physician knowledge; and evaluate physician knowledge using hypothetical clinical scenarios.
Methods An institutional AIEP management algorithm was created using the most current recommendations from the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Input from advanced endoscopists, nurses, and anesthesiologists was also obtained. We assessed change in physician knowledge using a 10-item questionnaire before (pretest), a standardized one-page AIEP educational material and algorithm immediately after (post-test) to test short-term retention, and 6 months later (6-month reassessment) to test long-term retention. With the 6-month reassessment, two clinical scenarios based on real AIEP were presented to evaluate application of knowledge.
Results Twenty-eight subjects (8 gastroenterology fellows and 20 practicing gastroenterologists) participated in the assessments. Pretest and immediate post-test accuracies were 75 % and 95 % (P < 0.01), respectively. Six-month reassessment accuracies were 83.6 %, significantly worse compared to post-test accuracies (P < 0.05), but significantly improved compared to pretest accuracies (P < 0.05). Accuracies for clinical scenarios #1 and #2 were 67.5 % and 60.3 %, respectively. Fellows had similar accuracies when compared to practicing gastroenterologists.
Conclusions Using standardized methodology and a multidisciplinary approach, an AIEP management algorithm was created to improve patient care and alleviate physician and staff stress. In addition, we showed that a one-page educational document on perforations can significantly improve short-term and long-term physician knowledge, although periodic reeducation is needed.
Upper Airway Stimulation in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Long-Term Surgical Success, Respiratory Outcomes, and Patient Experience
Authors: Veugen Christianne C.A.F.M. , Dieleman Eveline , Hardeman Johannes A. , Stokroos Robert J. , Copper Marcel P. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction Upper airway stimulation (UAS) with electric activation of the hypoglossal nerve has emerged as a promising treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea.
Objective To retrospectively analyze objective and subjective outcome measures after long-term follow-up in obstructive sleep apnea patients receiving upper airway stimulation.
Methods An observational retrospective single-center cohort study including a consecutive series of patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea receiving upper airway stimulation.
Results Twenty-five patients were included. The total median apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) significantly decreased from 37.4 to 8.7 events per hour at the 12-month follow-up (p < 0.001). The surgical success rate was 96%. Adverse events were reported by 28% of the patients.
Conclusion Upper airway stimulation is an effective and safe treatment for obstructive sleep apnea in patients with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) failure or intolerance. However, it is possible that the existing in and exclusion criteria for UAS therapy in the Netherlands have positively influenced our results.
Surgical Use of Supraclavicular Artery Flap for Head and Neck Cancer Defects Repair: Personal Experience
Authors: D'Aco Luigi Filippo , Cagnoni Laura , Murè Carmelo , Piazza Alessandro , Aresi Giuseppe , Panciera Davide Thomas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction For a long time, major surgical defects after oncological surgery have always been challenging cases for surgeons in terms of wound healing and covering technique.
Objectives To demonstrate the feasibility of supraclavicular artery flap (SCAF) in the reconstruction of surgical defects in those “fragile” patients undergoing oncological surgery who could not possibly have endured the timeframes involved in using microvascular free flaps.
Methods Between January 2018 and January 2019, at the Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Bergamo Est Hospital (Bergamo, Italy), we reported the cases of 11 patients in whom the SCAF was used for surgical reconstruction after oncological surgery in our Otolaryngology Department. The median age of the 11 patients was 68.7 years old.
Results The SCAF has proved, in almost all 11 cases in which it was used, to be very reliable and, above all, easy and quick to make in those “fragile” patients without the need for further intervention. There was only one case in which the resection involved the auricle entirely and a small area of perimeatal bone exposure occurred, which, anyway, healed by secondary intention.
Conclusion The SCAF is an extremely versatile flap for head and neck surgery to be considered especially for fragile and vulnerable patients who cannot undergo prolonged surgical time. Moreover, this technique has also shown high feasibility in small hospitals where there is not a plastic surgery department and the surgeon may face the difficulty of practicing surgical reconstruction after enlarged resection.
The Prognostic Roles of PYCR2 and ZBTB18 Expression in Tissues of Colorectal Carcinoma and Non-Neoplastic Tissues: An Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Harb Ola A. , Elfeky Mariem A. , Wadea Fady M. , Elsayed Ahmed M. , Elshorbagy Shereen , Amin Ahmed F. , Oraby Ehab M. , Amin Mohamed Farouk , Almoregy Abdelwahab S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background It is important to detect novel biomarkers responsible for the progression and spread of colorectal cancer (CRC) to better evaluate the prognosis of the patients, provide better management, and foster the development of therapeutic targets. In humans, pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 2 (PYCR2) is encoded on chromosome 1q42.12, and its metabolic activity has been linked to oncogenesis in many cancers. Zinc finger and broad-complex, tramtrack, and bric-à-brac (BTB) domain-containing protein 18 (ZBTB18), a zinc finger transcriptional repressor, has been found to have a tumor-suppressor role and to be methylated in CRCs. To date, the prognostic roles of PYCR2 and ZBTB18 in CRC patients have not been thoroughly studied.
Objective To evaluate the tissue protein expression of PYCR2 and ZBTB18 in CRC and adjacent non-neoplastic intestinal tissues, to detect their roles in CRC carcinogenesis, progression and metastases.
Patients and methods After applying the inclusion criteria, 60 CRC patients were included in the study. Tissue samples from the tumor and the adjacent non-neoplastic tissues were stained with PYCR2 and ZBTB18. The patients were followed up for about 30 months (range: 10 to 36 months). We performed a correlation regarding the expression of the markers, and clinicopathological and prognostic parameters.
Results Upregulation of PYCR2 and downregulation of ZBTB18 were found to be higher in CRC tissue than in the adjacent non-neoplastic colonic mucosa (p = 0.026 and p < 0.001 respectively). High expression of PYCR2 and low expression of ZBTB18 were positively correlated with large tumor size, higher tumor grade, advanced tumor stage, presence of spread to lymph nodes, and presence of distant metastases (p < 0.001). High PYCR2 and low ZBTB18 expressions were significantly associated with poor response to therapy (p = 0.008 and 0.0.17 respectively), as well as high incidence of progression and recurrence (p = 0.005), and unfavorable overall survival (OS) rates (p = 0.001).
Conclusion High expression of PYCR2 and low expression of ZBTB18 were independent predictors of CRC, progression, poor prognosis and unfavorable patient OS and progression-free survival (PFS) rates.
An Evaluation of the Evidence Guiding Adult Midline Ventral Hernia Repair
Authors: Sagar Alex , Tapuria Niteen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Several guidelines have been published in recent years to guide the clinician in ventral hernia repair. This review distils this advice, critically assesses their evidence base, and proposes avenues for future study.
Methods: A PUBMED search identified four guidelines addressing midline ventral hernia repair published by major surgical societies between 2016 and 2020. The studies used to inform the advice have been critically appraised, including 20 systematic reviews/meta-analyses, 10 randomized controlled trials, 32 cohort studies, and 14 case series.
Results: Despite a lack of randomized controlled trials, case heterogeneity, and variation in outcome reporting, key themes have emerged.Preoperative computed tomography scan assesses defect size, loss of domain, and the likely need for component separation. Prehabilitation, frailty assessment, and risk stratification are beneficial in complex cases. Minimally invasive component separation techniques, Botox injection, and progressive pneumoperitoneum represent novel techniques to promote closure of large fascial defects.Rives-Stoppa sublay mesh repair has become the “gold” standard for open and minimally invasive repairs. Laparoscopic repair promotes early return to functional status. The enhanced-view totally extraperitoneal approach facilitates laparoscopic sublay mesh placement, avoiding mesh contact with viscera. Robotic techniques continue to evolve, although the evidence at present remains immature.Synthetic mesh is recommended for use in clean and clean-contaminated cases. However, optimism regarding the use of biologic and biosynthetic meshes in the contaminated setting has waned.
Conclusions: Surgical techniques in ventral hernia repair have advanced in recent years. High-quality data has struggled to keep pace; rigorous clinical trials are required to support the surgical innovation.
Audiological, Phonatory and Cardiac Correlates of Individuals Exposed to Low-Frequency Noise or at Risk of Vibroacoustic Disease
Authors: Verma Himanshu , Shah Jyoti , Singh Apurva , Singh Shakshi , Sharma Bhawna , Shukla Bhanu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction Low-frequency noise (LFN) is hazardous to hearing. Long-term exposure to LFN may lead to vibroacoustic disease (VAD), which not only affects a specific organ but the physiological function of entire systems, such as the auditory, phonatory, respiratory, and cardiac systems. Moreover, VAD may lead to many psychological problems and hence affect the quality of life.
Objective To investigate the adverse effects of LFN on hearing, acoustic and perceptual correlates of the voice, blood pressure, cardiac rate, and anxiety level.
Method A total of 20 subjects exposed to LFN and 20 not exposed to LFN were included, and a detailed case history was recorded. The patients were submitted to pure tone audiometry, otoscopic examination, acoustic and perceptual analyses of the voice, maximum phonation time, and an assessment of the s/z ratio. We also assessed blood pressure, and the results of a voice-related quality of life questionnaire and of the Hamilton anxiety rating scale.
Results The results indicate that LFN had an adverse impact on the high-frequency threshold. The present study found a significant difference in shimmer and harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR) values. Few subjects had high blood pressure and showed the sign of anxiety on the Hamilton anxiety rating scale.
Conclusion Low-frequency noise has adverse effects on entire systems of the body and causes many psychological issues, which, in turn negatively affect quality of life.
Um novo método de tratamento de pequenas avulsões osteolabrais associadas a fratura-luxação posterior do quadril
Authors: Gupta Sandeep , Kansay Rajeev , Sharma Anmol , Mittal Naveen 
Published: August 2022

ResumoPequenas avulsões osteolabrais do quadril podem passar despercebidas, e testes de estresse pós-redução e tomografia computadorizada do quadril devem ser realizados para sua detecção. O tratamento dessas avulsões osteolabrais instáveis geralmente é feito com âncoras de sutura, parafusos de Herbert ou placas-molas. Em avulsões ósseas pequenas, porém, o uso desses implantes é um trabalho tedioso. Apresentamos uma nova técnica de fixação de pequenas fraturas com avulsões osteocondrais não passíveis de fixação com parafusos ou placas-molas.Realizamos uma análise retrospectiva de 57 casos de pacientes submetidos à redução aberta e fixação interna de fratura-luxação posterior do acetábulo, e identificamos 6 casos em que um pequeno fragmento osteocondral labral posterior causava instabilidade. Essas lesões foram corrigidas com um novo método. A pontuação média no Harris Hip Score no último acompanhamento foi de 92,5. A fixação de avulsões osteocondrais associadas a fratura-luxação posterior do quadril pode ser difícil se o fragmento ósseo for pequeno. Nossa técnica é uma maneira simples, econômica e confiável de corrigir tais avulsões com resultados satisfatórios.
Multiple Intestinal Anomalies in a Newborn with 22q11.2 Microdeletion Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Jafar Bedour , Alemayehu Hanna , Bhat Ramachandra , Zayek Michael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough 40 years have passed since the first case of DiGeorge's syndrome was described, and the knowledge about this disorder has steadily increased since that time, 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (DS) remains a challenging diagnosis because its clinical presentation varies widely. We describe an infant with 22q11.2 DS who presented with annular pancreas, anorectal malformation, Morgagni-type congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and ventricular septal defect. This constellation of anomalies has never been described in DiGeorge's syndrome. Here, we provide a case presentation and a thorough review of the literature.
Routine Interictal EEG Recording Should be Performed Together with Simultaneous Two-Lead ECG Recording
Authors: Yilmaz Kutluhan , Isikay Sedat , Yavuz Sibel , Baspinar Osman 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate the contribution of simultaneous electrocardiography (ECG) recording during routine interictal electroencephalography (EEG) recording in patients with seizures or epilepsy and therefore to provide evidence-based data on this subject. Patients with interictal cardiac arrhythmia on routine EEG-ECG recordings were determined and evaluated based on cardiologic and neurologic findings. Out of 1,078 patients aged between 5 and 16 years (mean: 10.2 ± 3.2), 9 (0.08%) patients were found to have an arrhythmia. Six patients had both epilepsy and cardiac arrhythmia (premature ventricular contractions [PVCs] in 5; Wolff-Parkinson-White [WPW] in 1 patient) and the remaining three patients had nonepileptic paroxysmal events (NPEs) and arrhythmia (PVC in 2; WPW in 1). Three patients had other diseases (neurofibromatosis type 1, tuberous sclerosis, and congenital heart disease status postsurgery). Cardiac arrhythmia required radiofrequency ablation or antiarrhythmic drug treatment in two patients with epilepsy and also two patients with NPE; however, it improved with no specific treatment in the remaining five patients. NPE was not related to arrhythmia in one of three patients with NPE. Our study suggests that routine interictal EEG-ECG recording provides a valuable and feasible opportunity to reveal unnoticed or new-onset cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, ECG should be recorded simultaneously during routine interictal EEG recordings. Cardiac arrhythmias detected by routine interictal EEG-ECG recordings would require arrhythmia treatment in nearly half of the patients.
Fundamental rights and banking supervision
Authors: Papathanassiou Chryssa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the intersections of fundamental rights and European banking supervision. It contributes to a more nuanced and refined understanding of the importance of European Union (EU) fundamental rights for supervised banks in the absence of an EU-wide administrative code. Since 2014, the European Central Bank (ECB) has assumed prudential supervisory tasks for supervised entities. Fundamental rights set clear boundaries as to how the ECB may exercise supervisory discretion to adopt measures that may adversely affect a supervised bank. The Court of Justice of the European Union declares void any measure whose adoption infringes upon a person’s fundamental rights. Thus, fundamental rights are a powerful counterbalance to the standard of limited review established by the EU judiciary for European Banking Supervision activities. Every supervised entity may unequivocally enjoy the same rights of defence faced with any measure adversely affecting it, irrespective of whether the measure has been adopted under EU or national law.