bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular programming modulates hepatic lipid metabolism and adult metabolic risk in the offspring of obese mothers in a sex-specific manner
Authors: Savva Christina , Helguero Luisa A. , González-Granillo Marcela , Melo Tânia , Couto Daniela , Angelin Bo , Domingues Maria Rosário , Li Xidan , Kutter Claudia , Korach-André Marion 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMale and female offspring of obese mothers are known to differ extensively in their metabolic adaptation and later development of complications. We investigate the sex-dependent responses in obese offspring mice with maternal obesity, focusing on changes in liver glucose and lipid metabolism. Here we show that maternal obesity prior to and during gestation leads to hepatic steatosis and inflammation in male offspring, while female offspring are protected. Females from obese mothers display important changes in hepatic transcriptional activity and triglycerides profile which may prevent the damaging effects of maternal obesity compared to males. These differences are sustained later in life, resulting in a better metabolic balance in female offspring. In conclusion, sex and maternal obesity drive differently transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of major metabolic processes in offspring liver, explaining the sexual dimorphism in obesity-associated metabolic risk.
Carbon dioxide adsorption and conversion to methane and ethane on hydrogen boride sheets
Authors: Goto Taiga , Ito Shin-ichi , Shinde Satish Laxman , Ishibiki Ryota , Hikita Yasuyuki , Matsuda Iwao , Hamada Ikutaro , Hosono Hideo , Kondo Takahiro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHydrogen boride (HB) sheets are metal-free two-dimensional materials comprising boron and hydrogen in a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio. In spite of the several advancements, the fundamental interactions between HB sheets and discrete molecules remain unclear. Here, we report the adsorption of CO2and its conversion to CH4and C2H6using hydrogen-deficient HB sheets. Although fresh HB sheets did not adsorb CO2, hydrogen-deficient HB sheets reproducibly physisorbed CO2at 297 K. The adsorption followed the Langmuir model with a saturation coverage of 2.4 × 10−4mol g−1and a heat of adsorption of approximately 20 kJ mol−1, which was supported by density functional theory calculations. When heated in a CO2atmosphere, hydrogen-deficient HB began reacting with CO2at 423 K. The detection of CH4and C2H6as CO2reaction products in a moist atmosphere indicated that hydrogen-deficient HB promotes C–C coupling and CO2conversion reactions. Our findings highlight the application potential of HB sheets as catalysts for CO2conversion.
Nanomechanical signatures of degradation-free influence of water on halide perovskite mechanics
Authors: Buchine Isaac , Rosenhek-Goldian Irit , Jasti Naga Prathibha , Ceratti Davide R. , Kumar Sujit , Cahen David , Cohen Sidney R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHumidity is often reported to compromise the stability of lead halide perovskites or of devices based on them. Here we measure the humidity dependence of the elastic modulus and hardness for two series of lead halide perovskite single crystals, varying either by cation or by anion type. The results reveal a dependence on bond length between, hydrogen bonding with, and polarizability/polarization of these ions. The results show an intriguing inverse relation between modulus and hardness, in contrast to their positive correlation for most other materials. This anomaly persists and is strengthened by the effect of humidity. This, and our overall findings are ascribed to the materials’ unique atomic-scale structure and properties, viz nano-polar domains and strong dynamic disorder, yet high-quality average order. Our conclusions are based on comparing results obtained from several different nano-indentation techniques, which separate surface from bulk elastic modulus, and probe different manifestations of the hardness.
Hybrid molecular beam epitaxy of germanium-based oxides
Authors: Liu Fengdeng , Truttmann Tristan K. , Lee Dooyong , Matthews Bethany E. , Laraib Iflah , Janotti Anderson , Spurgeon Steven R. , Chambers Scott A. , Jalan Bharat 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGermanium-based oxides such as rutile GeO2 are garnering attention owing to their wide band gaps and the prospects of ambipolar doping for application in high-power devices. Here, we present the use of germanium tetraisopropoxide (GTIP), a metal-organic chemical precursor, as a source of germanium for the demonstration of hybrid molecular beam epitaxy for germanium-containing compounds. We use Sn1-xGexO2 and SrSn1-xGexO3 as model systems to demonstrate our synthesis method. A combination of high-resolution X-ray diffraction, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the successful growth of epitaxial rutile Sn1-xGexO2 on TiO2(001) substrates up to x = 0.54 and coherent perovskite SrSn1-xGexO3 on GdScO3(110) substrates up to x = 0.16. Characterization and first-principles calculations corroborate that germanium occupies the tin site, as opposed to the strontium site. These findings confirm the viability of the GTIP precursor for the growth of germanium-containing oxides by hybrid molecular beam epitaxy, thus providing a promising route to high-quality perovskite germanate films.
Phonological Awareness and Working Memory in Mandarin-Speaking Preschool-Aged Children With Cochlear Implants
Authors: Zhang Hao , Ma Wen , Ding Hongwei , Peng Gang , Zhang Yang 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:Cochlear implants (CIs) provide significant benefits for profoundly deaf children in their language and cognitive development. However, it remains unclear whether Mandarin-speaking young children with early implantation can develop age-equivalent phonological awareness (PA) skill and working memory (WM) capacity as their normal hearing (NH) peers. The aim of this study was to investigate PA and WM in preschool-aged children with or without hearing loss and to examine the relationship between the two basic skills.Method:The data were collected from 16 Mandarin-speaking preschoolers with CIs and 16 age-matched children with NH. All preschool participants were instructed to complete four phonological detection tasks and four digit span tasks. Linear mixed-effects modeling was performed to evaluate PA and WM performances between two groups across different tasks.Results:CI preschoolers showed comparable performances on par with NH controls in phonological detections and visual digit spans. In addition, Pearson correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between phonological detections and auditory digit spans in preschool-aged children with CIs.Conclusion:With early implantation, the congenitally deaf children were capable of developing age-appropriate PA skill and WM capacity, which have practical implications for aural rehabilitation in this special pediatric population.
Training School Professionals in a Global Pandemic: Insights From Elementary Education and Speech-Language Pathology
Authors: Bowers Lisa , Young Heather D. , Glade Rachel 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this research was to explore the preparation of practitioners from two disciplines—speech-language pathology and elementary education—who often work together in a school setting to identify ways to best support future professionals in their educational practicum settings. The primary research questions guiding this investigation were as follows: Did the student teaching and supervision experiences of preservice K–6 teachers (PSTs) and their mentors and speech-language pathology graduate student clinicians and their supervisors differ during the COVID-19 pandemic, and if so, in what ways?

Method:
A total of 54 participants from one university participated in this study from four groups: 15 graduate student clinicians in a speech-language pathology program, 14 speech-language pathology supervisors, 14 PSTs, and 11 teacher mentors. Survey questions were designed to capture the perceptions of students and supervisors in the fields of speech-language pathology and elementary education who were in the school setting during the fall 2020 semester. Quantitative and qualitative questions were included to obtain information related to the following areas: planning, environment, supervision preferences, team experiences, professional development, and telepractice.

Results:
Speech-language pathologists and teacher mentors reported being able to successfully mentor and supervise students in the school setting despite significant challenges presented by the global pandemic. Findings also identified several significant differences in the experiences of PSTs and speech-language pathology graduate student clinicians who were in the schools for field experiences.

Conclusions:
Overall, speech-language pathology graduate student clinicians and their supervisors as well as PSTs and their teacher mentors reported adequately navigating their field experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Implications for how these findings can inform professional preparation programs to optimize future educational and therapy outcomes for students are discussed.
Shaping the role of the digital twins for human‐robot dyad: Connotations, scenarios, and future perspectives
Authors: Elbasheer Mohaiad , Longo Francesco , Mirabelli Giovanni , Nicoletti Letizia , Padovano Antonio , Solina Vittorio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe field of Human‐Robot Interaction (HRI) represents one of the fast‐growing focus areas of Digital Twins (DTs). However, the role of DTs applications in human‐robot collaborative systems is still uncertain. This review article provides a comprehensive perspective of DTs' critical design aspects (i.e. Objectives, associate technologies, and application scenarios) in the broad application areas of human‐robot systems. This article uses a multi‐faceted approach to comprehend 43 DTs' state‐of‐the‐art applications in HRI. The study investigates the literature body across two dimensions (i.e. DT roles and HRI application characteristics). The conclusion of this work draws the attention of the relevant scientific community towards potential DTs' application scenarios and provides insights into DT's future research directions.
High‐performance integrated mid‐infrared filter arrays
Authors: Hakkel Kaylee D. , van Elst Don M.J. , Petruzzella Maurangelo , Ebermann Martin , Pagliano Francesco , van Klinken Anne , Fiore Andrea 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA static filter array is developed based on Fabry–Perot cavities operating in the mid‐infrared range from 2 to 4.5 µm, matching the absorption region of several gases relevant for air quality monitoring. The filters include two distributed Bragg reflectors and a high‐index tuning element with varying thickness in between. The filters display high peak transmittance () and controllable peak width. The robustness, ease of fabrication and the possibility to tune the optical response to a specific application make the integrated filter arrays suitable for compact sensing systems.
A multi‐view image fusion algorithm for industrial weld
Authors: Zheng Qingchun , Zhao Yangyang , Zhang Xu , Zhu Peihao , Ma Wenpeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMulti‐view image fusion can be used to extract features from redundant and complementary multisource images. And the technique of obtaining high quality fusion images has become one of the research hotspots for image processing. In order to realize defect detection and intelligent grinding smoothly, multi‐view fusion technology was applied in the field of overexposure and underexposure industrial welds, achieving high quality image enhancement. When preparing the data set of multi‐view images, a hybrid registration algorithm with high matching ability is proposed. The data set of overexposure and underexposure weld images was obtained successfully by using the registration algorithm. In order to improve the fusion ability of overexposure and underexposure industrial welds, we propose a novel multi‐view image fusion algorithm based on deep learning. The multi‐view fusion algorithm uses an autoencoder network structure, and its innovation lies in a parallel branch network with lightweight structure and strong generalization ability. The experimental results demonstrate that compared with other classical multi‐view algorithms, our proposed algorithm gets the best parameters on the industrial weld data set in peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and root mean square error (RMSE), reaching 59.12 and 0.084, respectively. And the ablation and performance comparison experiments verify that the proposed parallel branch network has better generalization ability and fusion accuracy than other classical multi branch networks.
A deep learning‐based framework to identify and characterise heterogeneous secure network traffic
Authors: Islam Faiz Ul , Liu Guangjie , Liu Weiwei , Haq Qazi Mazhar ul 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe evergrowing diversity of encrypted and anonymous network traffic makes network management more formidable to manage the network traffic. An intelligent system is essential to analyse and identify network traffic accurately. Network management needs such techniques to improve the Quality of Service and ensure the flow of secure network traffic. However, due to the usage of non‐standard ports and encryption of data payloads, the classical port‐based and payload‐based classification techniques fail to classify the secured network traffic. To solve the above‐mentioned problems, this paper proposed an effective deep learning‐based framework employed with flow‐time‐based features to predict heterogeneous secure network traffic best. The state‐of‐the‐art machine learning strategies (C4.5, random forest, and K‐nearest neighbour) are investigated for comparison. The proposed 1D‐CNN model achieved higher accuracy in classifying the heterogeneous secure network traffic. In the next step, the proposed deep learning model characterises the major categories (virtual private network traffic, the onion router network traffic, and plain encrypted network traffic) into several application types. The experimental results show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed deep learning framework, which yields improved predictive power compared to the state‐of‐the‐art machine learning techniques employed for secure network traffic analysis.
Lightweight lane line detection based on learnable cluster segmentation with self‐attention mechanism
Authors: Yang Qin , Ma Yahong , Li Linsen , Su Chang , Gao Yujie , Tao Jiaxin , Huang Zhentao , Jiang Rui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPixel segmentation is one of the most commonly used deep learning methods for modern lane line detection. Although deep segmentation outperforms traditional methods, there are two main problems: slow speed and limited receptive field. In response to these problems, this paper proposes a lightweight lane line detection algorithm based on learnable cluster segmentation and self‐attention mechanism, which has extremely fast speed and the ability to adapt to real scenes. The lane detection process is considered as clustering under row segmentation. The data is processed through row segmentation and fed into a self‐attention mechanism. In addition to the benchmark dataset for lane detection, the algorithm was ported to real vehicles for real‐time road testing. Two tests show that our method performs very well on TuSimple, with an accuracy of 97.15%, an F1 score of 73.5 on CULane, and a speed of 142.7 frames per second (FPS), which solves the problem of slow cluster segmentation, while improving the accuracy of row segmentation. In the new scenario, the method has a misjudgment rate of only 6.7% for lane line points, which is suitable for the high standard requirements of autonomous driving.
A signal separation method based on the subarray beam synthesis
Authors: Liu Chengzhou , Wang Jianhui , Cui Weijia , Xu Haiyun , Yang Bingqing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLarge‐scale arrays are widely used due to their advantages of high gain, high resolution, and strong beam control capability. The large number of antennas leads to a sharp increase in computational complexity, and thus, it is necessary to reduce the complexity of signal processing. A signal separation method is proposed based on subarray beam synthesis. This method can improve signal reception and separation performance through zero‐forcing calculation and realise system gain and phase error corrections in the front end of an antenna. Compared with back‐end processing, it has the advantage of low implementation difficulty. The feasibility and performance of the method are verified by simulations.
Disk Evolution Study Through Imaging of Nearby Young Stars (DESTINYS): Scattered light detection of a possible disk wind in RY Tau
Authors: Valegård P.-G. , Ginski C. , Dominik C. , Bae J. , Benisty M. , Birnstiel T. , Facchini S. , Garufi A. , Hogerheijde M. , van Holstein R. G. , Langlois M. , Manara C. F. , Pinilla P. , Rab Ch. , Ribas Á. , Waters L. B. F. M. , Williams J. 
Published: October 2022

Context. Disk winds are an important mechanism for accretion and disk evolution around young stars. The accreting intermediate-mass T-Tauri star RY Tau has an active jet and a previously known disk wind. Archival optical and new near-infrared observations of the RY Tau system show two horn-like components stretching out as a cone from RY Tau. Scattered light from the disk around RY Tau is visible in the near-infrared, but not seen at optical wavelengths. In the near-infrared, dark wedges separate the horns from the disk, indicating that we may see the scattered light from a disk wind.
Aims. We aim to test the hypothesis that a dusty disk wind could be responsible for the optical effect in which the disk around RY Tau is hidden in the I band, but visible in the H band. This could be the first detection of a dusty disk wind in scattered light. We also want to constrain the grain size and dust mass in the wind and the wind-launching region.
Methods. We used archived Atacama-Large-Millimetre-Array (ALMA) and Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet REsearch (SPHERE) I band observations combined with newly acquired SPHERE H band observations and available literature to build a simple geometric model of the RY Tau disk and disk wind. We used Monte Carlo radiative transfer modelling MCMax3D to create comparable synthetic observations that test the effect of a dusty wind on the optical effect in the observations. We constrained the grain size and dust mass needed in the disk wind to reproduce the effect from the observations.
Results. A model geometrically reminiscent of a dusty disk wind with small micron to sub-micron-sized grains elevated above the disk can reproduce the optical effect seen in the observations. The mass in the obscuring component of the wind has been constrained to 1 × 10−9 M⊙ ≤ M ≤ 5 × 10−8 M⊙, which corresponds to a mass-loss rate in the wind of about ~1 × 10−8 M⊙ yr−1.
Conclusions. A simple model of a disk wind with micron to sub-micron-sized grains elevated above the disk is able to prevent stellar radiation to scatter in the disk at optical wavelengths while allowing photons to reach the disk in the near-infrared. Estimates of mass-loss rate correspond to previously presented theoretical models and points towards the idea that a magneto-hydrodynamic-type wind is the more likely scenario.
Statistical analysis of the Si I 6560.58 Å line observed by CHASE
Authors: Hong Jie , Qiu Ye , Hao Qi , Xu Zhi , Li Chuan , Ding Mingde , Fang Cheng 
Published: October 2022

Context.The Si I6560.58 Å line in the Hαblue wing is blended with a telluric absorption line from water vapor in ground-based observations. Recent observations with the space-based telescope, the Chinese HαSolar Explorer (CHASE), provide a new opportunity to study this line.Aims.We aim to study the Si Iline statistically and to explore possible diagnostics.Methods.We selected three scannings in the CHASE observations, and measured the equivalent width (EW) and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) for each pixel on the solar disk. We then calculated the theoretical EW and FWHM from the VALC model. We also studied an active region in particular in order to identify possible differences in the quiet Sun and the sunspots.Results.The Si Iline is formed at the bottom of the photosphere. The EW of this line increases from the disk center toμ = 0.2, and then decreases toward the solar limb, while the FWHM shows a monotonically increasing trend. Theoretically predicted EW agrees well with observations, while the predicted FWHM is far smaller due to the absence of unresolved turbulence in models. The macroturbulent velocity is estimated to be 2.80 km s−1at the disk center, and increases to 3.52 km s−1atμ = 0.2. We do not find any response to flare heating in the observations studied here. Doppler shifts and line widths of the Si I6560.58 Å and Fe I6569.21 Å lines can be used to study the mass flows and turbulence of the different photospheric layers. The Si Iline shows significant potential as a tool to diagnose the dynamics and energy transport in the photosphere.
Edge open packing sets in graphs
Authors: Chelladurai Gayathri , Kalimuthu Karuppasamy , Soundararajan Saravanakumar 
Published: October 2022

In a graphG = (V, E), two edgese1ande2are said to have acommon edgeif there exists an edgee ∈ E(G) different frome1ande2such thatejoins a vertex ofe1to a vertex ofe2inG. That is, 〈e1, e, e2〉 is eitherP4orK3inG. A non-empty setD ⊆ E(G) is anedge open packing setof a graphGif no two edges ofDhave a common edge inG. The maximum cardinality of an edge open packing set is theedge open packing numberofGand is denoted byρoe(G). In this paper, we initiate a study on this parameter.
Evaluation of diagnostic criteria in grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) with suspected atherosclerosis
Authors: Krautwald-Junghanns Maria-E. , Schulz Ulrike , Konicek Cornelia , Pees Michael 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungZiel Atherosklerose ist eine häufige Erkrankung älterer Papageienvögel, die in Gefangenschaft mit unzureichenden Haltungsbedingungen leben. Die Diagnose beim lebenden Vogel bleibt jedoch schwierig und die Krankheit wird oft erst post mortem erkannt. In diesem Zusammenhang sollte der diagnostische Wert beschriebener Methoden bei lebenden Graupapageien (Psittacus erithacus) untersucht werden.Material und Methoden Es wurden 7 klinisch gesunde Graupapageien und 32 Graupapageien mit Verdacht auf Atherosklerose evaluiert. Ein Gesamtbewertungssystem wurde auf der Grundlage klinischer Symptome, der Messung des Cholesterin- und Triglyceridspiegels im Blut, einer radiologischen Untersuchung und eines Echokardiogramms in B-Mode bestimmt. Darüber hinaus wurden Messungen der Blutflussgeschwindigkeit in der Aortenwurzel, der Herzfrequenz und des Geschwindigkeits-Zeit-Integrals unter Verwendung der spektralen Doppler-Ultraschallfunktion durchgeführt.Ergebnisse Die Gesamtscoring- und Einzelmesswerte korrelierten mit radiologischen Zeichen. Messungen der Blutflussgeschwindigkeit in der Aortenwurzel zeigten hochsignifikante Unterschiede zwischen den klinisch gesunden Tieren und der Patientengruppe. Signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen wurden des Weiteren im Vergleich der Gesamtbewertung und den Voruntersuchungen gefunden.Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse belegen, dass die Kombination der spektralen Doppler-Ultraschalluntersuchung mit anderen diagnostischen Möglichkeiten genutzt werden kann, um den Verdacht auf Atherosklerose zu erhärten und mehr Informationen über den Kreislaufstatus des Patienten zu geben.Klinische Relevanz Die so gewonnenen Informationen ermöglichen es dem Tierarzt, eine frühe intra vitam Verdachtsdiagnose Atherosklerose zu stellen und früher mit der Behandlung zu beginnen.