bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Las habilidades lingüísticas hablar y escuchar desde una perspectiva didáctica comunicativa
Authors: Luz Regina Mancera De La Cru  
Published: November 2022

La finalidad de este artículo fue aportar elementos teóricos que permitan fundamentar la enseñanza pedagógica de las habilidades lingüísticas hablar y escuchar desde una perspectiva comunicativa. La investigación se circunscribe al enfoque interpretativo y se utiliza el método hermenéutico, como investigación documental se basa en el análisis e interpretación de datos bibliográficos. Los resultados apuntan a que la lengua oral en la escuela, debe consolidarse entre otras razones, porque su adecuado dominio es un requisito imprescindible para el aprendizaje de las otras habilidades lingüísticas: la lectura y la escritura. Entre las conclusiones destaca que aprender a hablar y escuchar competentemente representa la vía para aprender a vivir y respetar las diferencias.

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this article is to provide theoretical elements that support the pedagogical teaching of language skills, speaking and listening from a communicative perspective. The research is limited to the interpretive approach and the hermeneutic method is used, as documentary research is based on the analysis and interpretation of bibliographic data. The results indicate that oral language at school should be consolidated, among other reasons, because its proper command is an essential requirement for learning other language skills: reading and writing. Among the conclusions, it stands out that learning to speak and listen competently represents the way to learn to live and respect differences.
Key words: Speaking, Listening, Communication process.

RESUMÉ
Le but de cet article est de fournir des éléments théoriques pour soutenir l'enseignement pédagogique des compétences linguistiques, parler et écouter dans une perspective communicative. La recherche se limite à l'approche interprétative et la méthode herméneutique est utilisée, la recherche documentaire étant basée sur l'analyse et l'interprétation de données bibliographiques. Les résultats suggèrent que la langue orale à l'école doit être consolidée, entre autres raisons, car sa maîtrise adéquate est une condición essentielle pour l'apprentissage des autres compétences linguistiques: la lecture et l'écriture. Parmi les conclusions, il ressort que l'apprentissage de la parole et de l'écoute avec compétence représente le moyen d'apprendre à vivre et à respecter les différences.
Mots-clés: parler, écouter, processus de communication.
La enseñanza de las ciencias naturales basada en competencias
Authors: Lidis Hoyos  
Published: November 2022

La finalidad del presente artículo es analizar los fundamentos teóricos de la enseñanza de las Ciencias Naturales para el desarrollo de competencias científicas en los estudiantes de Educación Básica. Desde el punto de vista metodológico se basa en la investigación documental y en el método hermenéutico, el cual realizó aplicando análisis deductivo de la información. Como hallazgo se obtuvo que la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales en Colombia se ha venido limitando a la mera transmisión de conceptos y principios ya establecidos, dejando de lado la aplicación práctica de los mismos. Por lo que se concluye que es necesario propiciar la enseñanza de las ciencias a través del enfoque por competencias, puesto que traerá múltiples beneficios y contribuirá en enriquecer y cualificar la formación ciudadana, que traerá consigo un impacto en la producción social y en el desarrollo del país.

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this article is to analyze the theoretical foundations of the teaching of Natural Sciences for the development of scientific competences in Basic Education students. From the methodological point of view, it is based on documentary research and the hermeneutical method, which it carried out by applying deductive analysis of the information. As a finding, it was obtained that the teaching of natural sciences in Colombia has been limited to the mere transmission of concepts and principles already established, leaving aside their practical application. Therefore, it is concluded that it is necessary to promote the teaching of science through the competence approach, since it will bring multiple benefits and will contribute to enrich and qualify citizen training, which will bring with it an impact on social production and on the development of the country
Key words: natural sciences, teaching, skills.

RÉSUMÉ
Le but de cet article est d'analyser les fondements théoriques de l'enseignement des Sciences Naturelles pour le développement des compétences scientifiques chez les étudiants de l'Éducation de Base. Du point de vue méthodologique, il s'appuie sur la recherche documentaire et la méthode herméneutique, qu'il a menée en appliquant l'analyse déductive de l'information. Comme constatation, il a été obtenu que l'enseignement des sciences naturelles en Colombie s'est limité à la simple transmission de concepts et de principes déjà établis, laissant de côté leur application pratique. Por lo que se concluye qu’es necesario propiciar la enseñanza de las ciencias a través del enfoque por competencias, puesto que traerá múltiples beneficios y contribuirá en enriquecer y cualificar la formación ciudadana, que traerá consigo un impacto en la producción social y en el desarrollo del Pays.
Mots-clés: sciences naturelles, enseignement, compétences.
De dødes ritual. Eskatologiske elementer i orfisk initiation
Authors: Albinus Lars 
Published: November 2022

Om orfisk individuel eskatologi ud fra papyrus- og guldpladetekster. Teologien her der forbinderdistinktionen mellem menneskeligt og guddommeligt med det enkelte individs udrensning af det dødelige, jordiske element. Initianden overvinder han allerede døden i ritualet. Erindringens koldevand skal sikre, at initianden ikke længere begærer livets varme, der fører til glemsel om sjælens sande, udødelige ophav. Døden gennemleves, og overleves, fordi den indviede sjæl indser, at livet er den egentlige død, og døden det egentlige liv
Forord af redaktionen
Authors: Exe Christoffersen Erik , Krøgholt Ida , Winkelhorn Kathrine 
Published: November 2022

Peripeti© Peripeti og forfatterne
TemaredaktionErik Exe Christoffersen, Ida Krøgholt og Kathrine Winkelhorn
RedaktionJanicke Branth, Erik Exe Christoffersen, Solveig Daugaard, Michael Eigtved, Solveig Gade, Storm MøllerMadsen, Thomas Rosendal Nielsen (ansv.), Signe Nygaard, Cecilie Ullerup Schmidt, Laura LuiseSchultz, Josefine Brink Siem.Layout: Ivan MicicOmslagsfoto: Søren Meisner
Udgivelsen er støttet af:SKUESPILLERFORBUND ogSPORTGOODSFONDENISSN: 1604-0325
Peripeti udgives af Afdeling for Dramaturgi (Aarhus Universitet) i samarbejde med Teater- ogPerformancestudier (Københavns Universitet) og Den Danske Scenekunstskole. Peripeti er støttet afStatens Kunstfond og Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond.
Redaktionsadressewww.peripeti.dkPeripetiAfdeling for DramaturgiInstitut for Kommunikation og Kultur, Aarhus UniversitetLangelandsgade 139.DK 8000 Århus CRedaktion: thomas.rosendal@cc.au.dk
Avatar me, 2020
Authors: Winkelhorn Kathrine 
Published: November 2022

Medvirkende: Marcela Nistor, Robin Khor Yong Kuan, Bertwin Ravi D’souza, Lalisa Costa og Lillian Tshabalala. Instruktør: Tue Biering, Producer: Annette Max Hansen, Dramaturg og medinstruktør: Linn Haldrup Lorenzen, Koordinator og medinstruktør: Camilla Gürtler.Festivalen er produceret af Wildtopia og præsenteres sammen med teaterpartnerne, Teater Nordkraft i Aalborg og Teater Viirus i Helsinki.
Barcoding and Morphological Characterization of Mycena cupressina (Agaricales, Fungi), a Little-known and Controversially Treated Member of Section Supinae
Authors: Assyov Boris 
Published: November 2022

The author presents recent collections of Mycena cupressina, a corticolous species on Cupressus sempervirens, described from the Mediterranean area and sometimes treated as conspecific with M. juniperina. The first ITS nrDNA sequence of the species from Balkan material was obtained. Its analysis demonstrated the affinity of the sequenced collection to section Supinae, although the results could not be unambiguously interpreted and suggest that in this section the ITS marker may be less informative, similarly to some other groupings of the genus. Description of M. cupressina is provided, based on Balkan collections. The studied Cupressus-affiliated specimens share smooth stipitipellis hyphae, deemed to be diagnostic character of the species, suggesting that for the time being the two are better retained as separate taxa. The first records for Bulgaria of four other species of the section, namely M. juniperina, M. meliigena, M. pseudocorticola and M. supina, are also included.
The Endogenous Cannabinoid System and Nitric Oxide Interact in Modulation of Cold Stress-induced Analgesia
Authors: Nocheva Hristina , Encheva-Stoykova Eleonora , Bogdanov Georgi , Tashev Roman , Nikolov Rumen 
Published: November 2022

The aim of the present study was to estimate 1) whether the endogenous cannabinoid and the nitric oxide-ergic systems' interaction affects cold stress-induced analgesia (c-SIA), and 2) whether the possible interaction (and its impact on c-SIA) differs before and after cold-stress exposure.
Male Wistar rats have been injected with CB1-receptor agonist anandamide (AEA) and the nitric oxide (NO) precursor L-arginine before and after 1 hour of cold stress (1 h CS) exposure; CB1 antagonist AM251, the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME, and the NO-donor SIN-1 were additionally applied in order to further elucidate the interaction between the two systems.
Results obtained suggest that endocannabinoids and NO differently interact before and after stress: applied before stress, the two systems were antagonistic between them with AEA exerting an analgesic effect, while NO decreased analgesia; a synergistic effect of endocannabinoids and NO resulted instead in application after 1 h CS.
Association of Interleukin 6 Inhibition With Ziltivekimab and the Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio
Authors: Adamstein Nicholas H. , Cornel Jan Hein , Davidson Michael , Libby Peter , de Remigis Alessandra , Jensen Camilla , Ekström Kathrine , Ridker Paul M 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceThe neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) independently predicts atherosclerotic events and is a potential biomarker for residual inflammatory risk. Interleukin (IL) 1β inhibition reduces the NLR, but whether inhibition of IL-6, a cytokine downstream of IL-1, also lowers the NLR is uncertain.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether ziltivekimab, a therapeutic monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-6 ligand, associates with a lower NLR compared with placebo.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was an exploratory post hoc analysis of Trial to Evaluate Reduction in Inflammation in Patients With Advanced Chronic Renal Disease Utilizing Antibody Mediated IL-6 Inhibition (RESCUE), a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial conducted from June 17, 2019, to January 14, 2020, with 24 weeks of follow-up. Participants were enrolled at 40 sites in the US and included adults aged 18 or older with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels of 2 mg/L or greater. Data were analyzed from September 28, 2021, to October 2, 2022.InterventionsParticipants were randomly assigned equally to placebo or ziltivekimab, 7.5 mg, 15 mg, or 30 mg, subcutaneously every 4 weeks.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the change in the NLR at 12 weeks.ResultsA total of 264 participants (median [IQR] age, 68 [60-75] years; 135 men [51%]; 129 women [49%]) were enrolled, of which 187 (71%) had diabetes, and 126 (48%) had known atherosclerosis. The median (IQR) change in the NLR at 12 weeks was 1.56% (IQR, −15.7% to 20.0%), −13.5% (IQR, −31.6% to 3.20%), −14.3% (IQR, −26.9% to 4.62%), and −22.4% (IQR, −33.3% to −4.27%) in the placebo, 7.5-mg, 15-mg, and 30-mg groups, respectively. The estimated treatment difference compared with placebo was −14.6% (95% CI, −24.8% to −4.81%; P = .004), −15.3% (95% CI, −25.2% to −5.10%; P = .004), and −23.6% (95% CI, −33.2% to −14.2%; P &amp;lt; .001) in the 7.5-mg, 15-mg, and 30-mg groups, respectively. A similar reduction in the absolute neutrophil count was observed.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this post hoc analysis of the RESCUE trial show that IL-6 ligand inhibition with ziltivekimab associates with a lower NLR, suggesting that it may disrupt multiple atherogenic inflammatory pathways, including those mediated by the myeloid cell compartment. The NLR may have use in monitoring ziltivekimab’s efficacy should it be introduced into clinical practice.
Evaluation of the Safety and Effectiveness of Nutritional Supplements for Treating Hair Loss
Authors: Drake Lara , Reyes-Hadsall Sophia , Martinez Jeremy , Heinrich Christina , Huang Kathie , Mostaghimi Arash 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceDespite the widespread use of nutritional supplements and dietary interventions for treating hair loss, the safety and effectiveness of available products remain unclear.ObjectiveTo evaluate and compile the findings of all dietary and nutritional interventions for treatment of hair loss among individuals without a known baseline nutritional deficiency.Evidence ReviewThe MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL databases were searched from inception through October 20, 2021, to identify articles written in English with original findings from investigations of dietary and nutritional interventions in individuals with alopecia or hair loss without a known baseline nutritional deficiency. Quality was assessed with Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine criteria. Outcomes of interest were disease course, both objectively and subjectively measured. Data were evaluated from January 3 to 11, 2022.FindingsThe database searches yielded 6347 citations to which 11 articles from reference lists were added. Of this total, 30 articles were included: 17 randomized clinical trials (RCTs), 11 clinical studies (non-RCT), and 2 case series studies. No diet-based interventional studies met inclusion criteria. Studies of nutritional interventions with the highest-quality evidence showed the potential benefit of Viviscal, Nourkrin, Nutrafol, Lamdapil, Pantogar, capsaicin and isoflavone, omegas 3 and 6 with antioxidants, apple nutraceutical, total glucosides of paeony and compound glycyrrhizin tablets, zinc, tocotrienol, and pumpkin seed oil. Kimchi and cheonggukjang, vitamin D3, and Forti5 had low-quality evidence for disease course improvement. Adverse effects were rare and mild for all the therapies evaluated.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this systematic review should be interpreted in the context of each study’s design; however, this work suggests a potential role for nutritional supplements in the treatment of hair loss. Physicians should engage in shared decision-making by covering the potential risks and benefits of these treatments with patients experiencing hair loss. Future research should focus on larger RCTs with active comparators.
Association of Rituximab With Risk of Long-term Cardiovascular and Metabolic Outcomes in Patients With Pemphigus
Authors: Kridin Khalaf , Mruwat Noor , Ludwig Ralf J. 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceThe association of different therapeutic approaches with long-term cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes in patients with pemphigus remains to be precisely evaluated.ObjectiveTo assess the risk of long-term cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes and all-cause mortality in patients with pemphigus managed by rituximab compared with those receiving treatment with first-line corticosteroid-sparing agents (azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil [MMF]).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA global population–based retrospective cohort study compared 961 patients with pemphigus that was managed with rituximab with those treated with azathioprine or MMF (n = 961) regarding the risk of several cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes. Propensity score matching was performed to optimize comparability. Patients were enrolled from the Global Collaborative Network of TriNetX platform.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRisk of myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, pulmonary embolism, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, and avascular bone necrosis.ResultsOf 1602 participants, 855 (53.4%) were women and 747 (46.6%) were men; the mean (SD) age was 54.8 (16.6) years for those treated with rituximab and 54.4 (18.2) years for those treated with azathioprine or MMF. Compared with those treated by azathioprine/MMF, patients treated with rituximab experienced a lower risk of myocardial infarction (relative risk [RR], 0.45; 95% CI, 0.24-0.86;P = .01), stroke (RR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.26-0.69;P &amp;lt; .001), peripheral vascular disease (RR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.28-0.79;P = .003), hypertension (RR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.38-0.63;P &amp;lt; .001), hyperlipidemia (RR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.32-0.64;P &amp;lt; .001), type 2 diabetes (RR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.51-0.77;P &amp;lt; .001), obesity (RR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.34-0.72;P &amp;lt; .001), and osteoporosis (RR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.30-0.71;P &amp;lt; .001). The all-cause mortality was comparable between patients in both groups (hazard ratio, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.62-1.43; log-rankP = .77).Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this cohort study suggest that rituximab was associated with protection against long-term cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes compared with conventional immunosuppressants. This agent might be particularly preferred in individuals with preexisting cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors.
Accuracy in Patient Understanding of Common Medical Phrases
Authors: Gotlieb Rachael , Praska Corinne , Hendrickson Marissa A. , Marmet Jordan , Charpentier Victoria , Hause Emily , Allen Katherine A. , Lunos Scott , Pitt Michael B. 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceDespite acknowledging that medical jargon should be avoided, health care practitioners frequently use it when communicating with patients.ObjectiveTo characterize the understanding of common medical jargon terms by surveying a cross section of the general public and studying phrases that have established meanings in regular usage but different meanings in a medical context (eg, negative and positive test results).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this cross-sectional study, participants indicated their understanding of phrases that may have different meanings in medicine than in colloquial English via a mix of short answer and multiple choice questions. Several questions included paired phrases to assess for differences in understanding with or without jargon. Volunteers were recruited at the 2021 Minnesota State Fair near St Paul, Minnesota. An electronic survey was given to a volunteer sample of 215 adults (&amp;gt;18 years) who did not work or train to work in the medical field and spoke and read English.ExposuresCompleting a written or verbal survey.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was an accurate understanding of the medical terminology. Free-text responses were coded by 2 researchers for comprehension. Secondary outcomes looked for associations between volunteer demographics and understanding.ResultsThe 215 respondents (135 [63%] female; mean [SD] age, 42 [17] years) demonstrated a varied ability to interpret medical jargon phrases. For example, most participants (207 [96%]) knew that negative cancer screening results meant they did not have cancer, but fewer participants (143 [79%]) knew that the phrase “your tumor is progressing” was bad news, or that positive lymph nodes meant the cancer had spread (170 [67%]). While most (171 [80%]) recognized that an unremarkable chest radiography was good news, only 44 participants (21%) correctly understood that a clinician saying their radiography was impressive was generally bad news. In each of the paired phrases comparing jargon vs nonjargon approaches, the nonjargon phrase was understood significantly better (P &amp;lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that several common phrases are misunderstood when used in a medical setting, with the interpreted meaning frequently the exact opposite of what is intended.
Evaluation of patient doses for routine digital radiography procedures toward establishing an institutional diagnostic reference levels: A case study in Sri Lanka
Authors: Welarathna Sachith , Velautham Sivakumar , Wanninayake Mihira , Sarasanandarajah Sivananthan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe present study was conducted as part of a comprehensive work to establish National Diagnostic Reference Levels (NDRLs) in Sri Lanka for the first time. DRLs can be used as an effective optimization tool for identifying unusually high or low patient doses during X‐ray examinations. This study aims to propose institutional DRLs (IDRLs) by measuring the kerma‐area product (KAP) of adult patients undergoing routine projection X‐ray examinations. The median and the 75th percentile KAP values obtained were compared with that of the single institution KAP values reported from India and Greece. This descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted in a public hospital in Uva province, Sri Lanka, with 400 adult patients aged 18–87 years and weighing 58 ± 20 kg. The patient‐specific information (age, sex, weight, and height) and corresponding exposure parameters (tube voltage and current‐exposure time product) were obtained. The KAP values were measured, and descriptive statistics were utilized for data analysis. The median KAP values obtained were proposed as IDRLs. The IDRLs in Gy.cm2 were 0.23 for cervical spine anterior–posterior (AP), 0.19 for cervical spine lateral (LAT), 0.10 for chest posterior–anterior (PA), 0.06 for knee joint AP, 0.05 for knee joint LAT, 1.47 for KUB AP, 0.85 for lumbar spine AP, 1.97 for lumbar spine LAT, 0.29 for shoulder joint AP, 0.61 for skull PA, and 0.60 for skull LAT examinations. The maximum to minimum ratio of KAP values ranged from 2.4 for KUB AP to 6.3 for the cervical spine AP examinations. The median and the 75th percentile of most of the examinations were comparable to corresponding KAP values reported by the countries mentioned above, except for the skull PA and LAT examinations. Accordingly, interquartile ranges of exposure parameters are recommended for skull examinations to improve the optimization of patient doses.
A Diode‐like Scalable Asymmetric Solar Evaporator with Ultra‐high Salt Resistance
Authors: Yang Yawei , Feng Haixiang , Que Wenxiu , Qiu Yu , Li Yunqi , Guo Lin , Li Qing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPassive solar‐driven interfacial evaporation is an environmental‐friendly approach for seawater desalination. However, non‐volatile salts usually precipitate on the evaporator surface during evaporation, significantly reducing the evaporation rate and blocking the evaporator. Although several strategies have been proposed for this issue, they are usually only effective under low salinity conditions and natural solar irradiation. In this study, a scalable solar evaporator is proposed, which is expediently fabricated by carbonizing the commercially available coconut fiber cloth, through designing and optimizing an asymmetric bi‐layer structure with a trapezoidal evaporation surface and a wide leg‐strengthened water supply pathway. Both experimental and simulation results indicate that the evaporator presents ultra‐high salt tolerance, which keeps running steadily for consecutive 14 days under the high salinity of 14 wt% NaCl and high irradiation of 4 suns. This excellent salt resistance arises from a diode‐like ion migration introduced by its asymmetric structure. Meanwhile, a remarkable evaporation rate of 7.28 kg m−2 h−1 is also achieved under the harsh condition, resulting from the high solar absorbance and the reduced evaporation enthalpy of the evaporator. Such an evaporator is confirmed as a simple, low‐cost, scalable, efficient, and long‐term stable device for producing freshwater under harsh desalination conditions.