bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medicinal Plants used in Four Local Government Areas of South-Western Nigeria for the Management of Diabetes and its Comorbidities: An Ethnopharmacological Survey.
Authors: Sidiq Latifat O. , Segun Peter A. , Ogbole Omonike O. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to pose a major global health threat with serious economic burden in sub-Saharan Africa, especially Nigeria. This condition is often worsened as most diabetic patients have other accompanying comorbidities such as hypertension, stroke, heart disease and obesity, further putting a strain on their wellbeing. In spite of the several orthodox medicines for the treatment of diabetes and its comorbidities, complication arising from the use of such agents have limited therapeutic success. It is therefore imperative to search for safer alternative and affordable treatment options from plants.
This study aimed at accessing and documenting the medicinal plants used in four local government areas of South-Western Nigeria for the management of diabetes and its comorbidities. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to obtain information from traditional medical practitioners, village elders and herb sellers. The data obtained were analyzed and discussed in relation to previously published literature. Fifty-three respondents mostly males (77.4%) provided information on medicinal plants useful for the management of diabetes and its comorbidities. A total of 77 medicinal plants used concomitantly belonging to 44 plant families were mentioned by the respondents. 53 medicinal plants are being used for managing diabetes, 35 for hypertension, 28 for stroke, 17 for heart diseases and 25 for obesity. The frequently used plant species were Vernonia amygdalina Delile with use-mention-index (UMi) of 0.208, Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle (UMi 0.170), Viscum album L. (UMi 0.151), Carica papaya L. (UMi 0.151) and Allium sativum L. (UMi 0.132). Citrus aurantifolia was the only plant mentioned for the management of the five ailments. Most diabetic patients often have one or more accompanying comorbidities. A safe and efficacious single herbal preparation that can manage both diabetes and its comorbidities may provide scientific breakthrough and relief from the side effects associated with the use of different synthetic drugs that is often experienced by sufferers of DM with accompanying comorbidities.
Avascular necrosis as a part of post-COVID syndrome. Case reports
Authors: Beketova T. V. , Levina N. O. , Ladygina D. O. , Babak V. V. , Beketova M. F. , Krasnova T. N. 
Published: September 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can manifest with a wide range of extrapulmonary symptoms and have longterm consequences (so-called post-covid syndrome (PCS) or “long COVID-19”). Manifestations of PCS show a wide clinical spectrum and include cardiac, pulmonary, neurological, gastrointestinal, dermatological, mental symptoms, vascular thrombosis and avascular necrosis (AVN) of the bones.We present our own observations of the development of bone’s AVN in 3 patients who underwent COVID-19 with bilateral lung disease, in whom after 4–6 months the first signs of AVN were noted and characterized by a progressive multifocal lesion, which was accompanied by an increase of C-reactive protein concentration.The pathogenetic mechanisms of AVN development in the framework of PCS are discussed. The importance of conservative and surgical methods in the treatment of the disease are considered. Since the development of AVN of various localizations with a long latent period is possible after COVID-19, long-term monitoring of patients is required. Further study of the problem of PCS in general and AVN in particular is required.
Dynamics of patient reported outcomes during the use various biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Karateev A. E. , Lila A. M. , Panevin T. S. , Potapova A. S. , Semashko A. S. , Bobkova A. O. , Amirjanova V. N. , Zotkin E. G. 
Published: September 2022

One of the main tasks of modern complex therapy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is to improve the quality of life of patients. To do this, it is necessary not only to achieve remission or low activity, but also to successfully control the main, most painful, manifestations of the disease. Therefore, when evaluating the results of RA treatment, the dynamics of not only standard indices (DAS28 (Disease Activity Score 28), CDAI (Clinical Disease Activity Index), SDAI (Simplified Disease Activity Index)), but also the so-called “patient reported outcomes” (PRO) – a patient’s global assessment of disease activity (PGA), pain, functional disorders and fatigue.This review examines the effect of one of the main classes of anti–rheumatic drugs - biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) on the PROs. The results of a series of randomized controlled trials are presented, in which changes in PROs were studied using various tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) inhibitors, abatacept T-lymphocyte co-stimulation inhibitor, rituximab CD20 inhibitor and interleukin (IL) 6 inhibitors.The use of bDMARDs in combination with methotrexate (MTX) provides a reduction in PGA and pain by 50-60%, functional disorders according to HAQ (Health Assessment Questionnaire) and fatigue according to FACIT-F (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy – Fatigue) – by 15-30%. B DMARDs monotherapy (with the exception of the effect of tocilizumab on HAQ) does not exceed MTX monotherapy in its effect on PROs. Monotherapy with tocilizumab provides more favorable dynamics of PGA and pain than monotherapy with TNF-α inhibitors. An important advantage of IL-6 inhibitors is the rapid achievement of a clinical effect, which is noted already in the first 2 weeks after the first administration of the drug.
Relationship between digital ulcers and severity of lung function test in systemic sclerosis over a five-year period
Authors: Ovsyannikova O. B. , Koneva O. A. , Ananieva L. P. , Garzanova L. A. , Srarovoytova M. N. , Desinova O. V. , Shayakhmetova R. U. 
Published: September 2022

Background. Systemic sclerosis-related interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) is the leading cause of death in SSc. Predictors of the outcomes of ILD in SSc are under investigation.Objective – to assess association of the digital ulcers with dynamics of forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco) in patients with SSc-ILD.Methods. It was a longitudinal study involving 77 pts with SSc-ILD (mean age was 46±13.2; 69% have limited subset of the disease; 93% were female). The mean duration of follow up was 58.9±11.3 months. At the end of the study a number of pts with digital ulcers (DUs) was 27 (35%). Additionally 77 pts with SSc-ILD were investigated with HRCT and were divided into 3 groups; The group 1 (16 pts) with improvement; group 2 (39 pts) without any changes and group 3 (22 pts) with worsening of fibrosis. PFT (measurement of forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusion lung capacity (DLco)) were made.Results. 27 (35%) pts with SSc-ILD had DUs at the end of the study. The most pts with DUs was in groups 2 and 3 (14 and 9) accordingly at the end of the study. After 5 years of follow up FVC increased significantly in all pts without DUs (n=54) from 88.5±19 to 96±23% (p<0.05); in group 1 – from 92±20.5 to 106±19% (p><0.05); in group 2 – from 87±18 to 94±23.5% (p><0.05) and only in group 3 FVC was stable (88±22 and 87±24.5%) (p>0.05). The mean value of FVC in all pts with DUs didn’t change (88±14 and 86±16%; p>0.05) with tendency to decreasing in group 3 (from 83±12.5 to 74±13%; p>0.05). After 5 years of follow up DLco declined significantly in all pts with or without DUs, however in the 1st group decline of DLco wasn’t significant. The decreasing of DLCO was more prominent in group 3 than in group 2. Therefore, in group 2 in patient without DU (n=24) – from 65±16 to 60±11% (p<0.05) and in patients with DU (n=14) DLCO changed from 61±15 to 57±14% (p><0.05). In group 3 in patients without DU (n=13) DLCO decreased from 55±15 to 48±15% (p><0.05) and in patients with DU (n=9) – from 50±20 to 44.5±15% (p><0.05). Conclusions. In patients without DUs significant increasing of FVC during 5 years long follow up was observed. The worsening of fibrosis on HRCT in pts with DUs was associated with the lowest value of FVC and DLco at the entry and at the end of the study. Key words: systemic sclerosis, interstitial lung disease, digital ulcers>˂ 0.05) and in patients with DU (n=14) DLCO changed from 61±15 to 57±14% (p 0.05). In group 3 in patients without DU (n=13) DLCO decreased from 55±15 to 48±15% (p˂ 0.05) and in patients with DU (n=9) – from 50±20 to 44.5±15% (p˂ 0.05).Conclusions. In patients without DUs significant increasing of FVC during 5 years long follow up was observed. The worsening of fibrosis on HRCT in pts with DUs was associated with the lowest value of FVC and DLco at the entry and at the end of the study.
Comorbid infections in patients with spondyloarthritis who received modern antirheumatic therapy (preliminary data)
Authors: Baranova M. M. , Muravyeva N. V. , Belov B. S. , Glukhova S. I. , Korotaeva T. V. 
Published: September 2022

Actuality. Data on the prevalence of comorbid infections (CI) in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) are few. Risk factors for CI has not been sufficiently studied.Objective. To evaluate the frequency of comorbid infections in patients with spondyloarthritis treated with biological drugs in the form of monotherapy or in combination with DMARD and/or GC.Subjects and methods. The study included 93 patients (55 men, 38 women; average age – 37.0±11.5 years). In 59 patients, AS was diagnosed, in 32 – PsA, in 2 – undifferentiated SpA and SpA associated with nonspecific ulcerative colitis. All patients received biological drugs in combination with DMARD and/or GC or without them. The patients were interviewed by a research doctor with fi lling out a unified questionnaire. Additional information was obtained from medical records.Results. The leading place in the structure of CI was occupied by respiratory tract infections and ENT organs, the 2nd place belonged to herpes viral infections, the 3rd to mycotic infection. Serious CI (SCI) were also represented mainly by injections of respiratory tract infections and ENT organs. A tendency to an increase in the frequency of pneumonia, tuberculosis, acute bronchitis, skin infections, genital organs and mycoses against the background of SpA compared to the period preceding the development of the disease (no significant differences were found) was revealed. 69% of patients noted a more severe course of previously observed CI. 47 patients reported the temporary cancellation of therapy due to the development of CI. 49% of patients have documented exacerbation of SpA. The number of cases of SCI against the background of SpA doubled (p=0.03). There was a positive correlation between the intake of GC and the development of mycoses (r=0.216; p=0.04); between the duration of taking GC and the development of eye infections (r=0.385; p=0.01); between the duration of taking methotrexate and the development of tonsillitis (r=0.25; p=0.03); between taking interleukin 12/23 inhibitors and the development of tonsillitis (r=0.261; p=0.01); between the duration of taking tumor necrosis factor α inhibitors (iTNF-α) and the development of otitis (r=0.287; p=0.01); between the number of consistently used iTNF-α and the development of otitis (r=0.273; p=0.02).Conclusion. The data obtained indicate the relevance of the problem of CI in SpA. Further studies are needed on a larger cohort of patients with an assessment of the effect of therapy on the incidence of CI and the search for risk factors for CI.
Trabecular bone score value in young men with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Kolpakov K. I. , Letyagina E. A. , Omelchenko V. O. , Ubshaeva Yu. B. , Korolev M. A. 
Published: September 2022

Aim – to investigate relationship of trabecular bone score (TBS) with activity and structural progression of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in males younger than 50 years old without osteoporosis.Materials and methods. 26 male AS patients took part in the investigation. AS activity was evaluated by BASDAI and ASDAS-CRP indices, and highly sensitive C-reactive protein level. Structural AS progression was evaluated by sacroiliitis (SI). TBS was evaluated using the double-energy X-ray absoptiometry. Correlation between clinical measures and TBS was obtained using the Spearman r-criterion for quantitative variables and Kendall’s τ coefficientfor qualitative variables.Results. There was obtained no correlation between AS activity and TBS. Among clinical characteristics, SI stage was negatively correlated with TBS (τ=–0.313; p<0.05). Conclusion. TBS is associated with the severity of sacroiliitis in young AS male patients. Key words: ankylosing spondylitis, trabecular bone score, structural progression>˂ 0.05).Conclusion. TBS is associated with the severity of sacroiliitis in young AS male patients.
Aprendizagem dialógica de probabilidade
Authors: De Carvalho Alexandre Tolentino , Gontijo Cleyton Hércules 
Published: September 2022

Objetiva-se analisar como a metodologia da aprendizagem dialógica pode permitir a construção coletiva de conhecimentos matemáticos. Evidenciaremos como a argumentação construída pelas crianças a respeito das soluções encontradas para situações problema envolvendo probabilidade pode conduzir um grupo de 12 alunos do quinto ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública a construir conceitos relacionados ao pensamento probabilístico. Utilizamos uma metodologia qualitativa para analisar o modo como, através da conversa dialógica, os sujeitos foram trocando ideias matemáticas e argumentos sobre os conceitos de probabilidade de modo a construção coletiva de conhecimentos matemáticos. As transcrições e protocolos entregues pelos alunos foram analisados utilizando-se a análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2002). Os dados demonstram que esses sujeitos construíram conhecimentos coletivamente sobre a) aleatoriedade, b) eventos impossíveis, c) conceito e aplicação do conceito de probabilidade e d) resolução criativa de problemas envolvendo probabilidade.
Pengaruh Fraud Pentagon terhadap Fraudulent Financial Statement dengan Komite Audit sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Ayem Sri , Wardani Dewi Kusuma , Mas’adah Lu’lu’ul 
Published: September 2022

This study aims to examine the factors which can affect the existence of a fraudulent financial statement that adds back the audit committee as a moderating variable in the study. The factors that will be tested in this study are the theory of fraud pentagon which consists of pressure, opportunity, rationalization, competence and arrogance. The research sample used is the infrastructure sector listed on the Indonesia stock exchange for the 2016-2020 period. The sample selection methodused purposive sampling method and produced 25 companies with 125 annual reports that were processed. In this study, the hypothesis used is logistic regression. The results of this study are empirically that pressure effect on fraudulent financial statement, opportunity, rationalization, competence and arrogance have on fraudulent financial statement. the audit committee cannot moderate the influence of pressure, opportunity, rationalization, competence and arrogance on fraudulent financial statements.
Keywords: fraud pentagon, fraudulent financial statement
Correlation between anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin and bone turnover markers (CTX-1 and P1NP) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in remission and low-disease activity
Authors: Widiyanto Tulus , Hidayat Rudy , Suryo Anggoro Kusumo Wibowo R.M. , Shatri Hamzah 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionRheumatoid arthritis is associated with bone loss and the risk of osteoporotic fracture. Bone loss in this disease is mediated by inflammation and autoimmunity. Many studies have shown that anti-citrullinated protein antibody is capable of inducing bone loss through several mechanisms.
This study aimed to determine the relationship between autoimmunity, represented by anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin (anti-MCV) in this study, and bone loss, represented by C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-1), and N-terminal pro-peptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP) in this study, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in remission and low disease activity.Material and methodsThis study enrolled 38 rheumatoid arthritis patients with disease remission and low disease activity in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital between August and September 2019. We collected the patients’ demographic data, Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28), and treatment history. All participants underwent blood work for anti-MCV, CTX-1, and P1NP.ResultsThirty-four of the subjects were women (89.5%), with the mean age of 40 ±7.6 years and the median disease duration of 36 months. Among the subjects, 26 patients (68.4%) were anti-MCV positive. There was no correlation between anti-MCV and CTX-1 levels (r = 0.101, p = 0.274). There was a moderate negative correlation between anti-MCV and P1NP (r = –0.449, p = 0.001). The mean difference of P1NP according to anti-MCV level also showed a significant difference (p = 0.019).ConclusionsThe anti-MCV levels are not directly correlated with CTX-1 levels, indicating heterogeneity in the disease course even after inflammation has ceased. The anti-MCV and P1NP levels are moderately correlated, indicating that bone formation is resumed during the suppression of autoimmunity.
The phenotype of CD3–CD56bright and CD3–CD56dim natural killer cells in systemic lupus erythematosus patients and its relation to disease activity
Authors: Soelistyoningsih Dwi , Susianti Hani , Kalim Handono , Handono Kusworini 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients have decreased natural killer (NK) cell counts. The decrease in the number of NK cells has implications for a decrease in the function of NK cells which can affect the progression of SLE disease. The study aim was to determine profiles of CD3–CD56bright and CD3–CD56dim NK cells in SLE patients and their relation to disease activity.Material and methodsThis study included 36 patients of SLE who fulfilled the ACR 1997/SLICC 2012 criteria, women aged 18–49 years. Disease activity was assessed by the Mex-SLEDAI. Peripheral blood samples from SLE patients were analyzed by flow cytometry to evaluate NK cell subsets, according to differential expression of the main subset of NK cells, which is CD3–CD56bright and CD3–CD56dim.ResultsThe mean percentage of regulatory NK cell count (CD3–CD56bright) in active SLE patients was significantly lower (p = 0.000) than in inactive SLE patients. The mean percentage of cytotoxic NK cell count (CD3–CD56dim) in active SLE patients was significantly (p = 0.000) higher than in inactive SLE patients. A correlation was observed between two subsets of NK cells with disease activity (p = 0.00). The percentage of CD3–CD56bright NK cells was negatively correlated with disease activity (r = –0.766), whereas the percentage of CD3–CD56dim NK cells positively correlated with disease activity (r = 0.761). ConclusionsThere is a difference in the mean percentage of the number of NK cells (CD3–CD56+) in both a subset of regulatory NK cells (CD3–CD56bright) and cytotoxic NK cells (CD3–CD56dim) in active and inactive SLE patients and it is closely related to SLE disease activity.
Risk Factors and Management for Epistaxis in a Hospitalized Adult Sample
Authors: Ross Andrew , Engebretsen Steven , Mahoney Rebecca , Bathula Samba 
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION Epistaxis is a common otolaryngologic problem that affects most of the general population. Common risk factors for epistaxis include nasal irritants, nasal/facial oxygen use, certain systemic conditions (e.g., hypertension and coagulopathies) and medication use (e.g., anticoagulants and intranasal medications). This study examined risk factors for and management of epistaxis in patients admitted for other medical conditions who developed an episode of epistaxis during their hospital admission. METHODS Patients were included in the study if they were older than 18, admitted for medical illnesses other than epistaxis and developed an episode of epistaxis during their admission during calendar year 2020 at the authors’ institution’s hospitals. Electronic health record data regarding sociodemographic characteristics, common risk factors (e.g. oxygen use, anticoagulant use, history of hypertension) and treatment for epistaxis (e.g. holding anticoagulation therapy, administration of oxymetazoline, nasal cautery, nasal packing) were extracted from each chart. Patients were split into otolaryngologic treatment versus no treatment groups and risk factors were compared between sample subgroups. RESULTS A total of 143 sample patients were included, with most common reason for admission being cardiovascular related, 48 (33.6%). Most patients, 104 (72.7%), did not have a previous diagnosis of epistaxis, were positive for anticoagulant use, 106 (74.1%) and were positive for hypertension, 95 (66.4%). Oxygen use showed a significantly decreased risk for intervention (OR 0.45, 95% CI: 0.23-0.894; p = 0.028). Most patients required changes in medical management (e.g., holding anticoagulation or starting nasal saline sprays/emollients). CONCLUSION These results demonstrate the common risk factors for epistaxis in patients admitted for other clinical diseases. Identifying at-risk patients for epistaxis at hospital admission can help to initiate measures to prevent epistaxis episodes. Future studies are needed to study epistaxis risk factors and identify effective preventative measures for epistaxis among hospital populations.
Peculiarly Interesting Disinterestedness
Authors: Berman Nadav S. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTThis article reconsiders a specific mishnah—Avot 5:16—which praises a disinterested love, while denouncing expressions of interested love. By referring to the alleged “love” of Amnon and Tamar, Avot 5:16 equates sexuality and interestedness with incest and rape. This exegetical choice is surprising, given the pro-natal and “carnal” trajectory of biblical and talmudic traditions, which can be described as proto-pragmatist in this regard. The paper opens by defining pragmatic interestedness vis-à-vis disinterestedness, while reviewing the prevalence of disinterestedness in modern philosophy. Section 2 examines mishnah Avot 5:16 and its advocacy of disinterested ethic, while suggesting its ideational affiliation with Platonic love and with the Christian Agape. Section 3 argues that within normative-laden Jewish tradition, as well as in classical American pragmatism, we find an embodied and integrative philosophical anthropology (or pragmatic interestedness), which deeply challenges the disinterestedness paradigm of Avot 5:16. Section 4 concludes with some reflections on the relevance of this study for the research of Jewish thought and the Humanities.
Analysis of the Application of Blended Learning Models in Physics Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kirana Aureola Arzak  
Published: September 2022

This research was carried out to analyze physics learning using a blended learning model during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The method used in this study is the literature study method. A literature study is a type of research used in collecting data and information by collecting and reviewing various references. This study examined as many as 30 journals and articles both nationally and internationally that are valid and accountable. The journals and articles used are published in 2018-2022. Researchers collect data and proceed to the stage of concluding the results of qualitative research. Based on the results of studies and analyses that have been carried out, it can be concluded that: (1) The application of the blended learning model to physics learning is declared valid, practical, and effective as an alternative to learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) The blended learning model can improve students' critical thinking skills and creative thinking abilities, (3) Students tend to ignore academic and social aspects.