bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graphene‐Gold Hybrid Nanomaterial Based Impedimetric Immunosensor for H3N2 Influenza A Virus Detection
Authors: Tepeli Büyüksünetçi Yudum , Anık Ülkü 
Published: September 2022

AbstractH3N2, known as “swine flu” is a kind of influenza A virus that can also infect humans. Therefore, rapid, practical and accurate techniques for H3N2 detection is needed. In this study, we fabricate Graphene‐gold hybrid nanomaterial modified hemagglutinin‐3 antibody (anti‐H3) based electrochemical immunosensor for practical, sensitive, and selective detection of H3N2 virus. The specific interaction between anti‐H3 and H3 protein on H3N2 virus was monitored with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. After experimental parameters were optimized, analytical characteristics were searched. A linearity in the range of 1.0–17.5 μg/mL with limit of detection value of 1.01 μg/mL were obtained for the virus. Relative standard deviation value was found as 4.60 % for 15 μg/mL H3N2 virus (n=3). By using synthetic saliva solution that was supplemented with the virus, matrix effect was also investigated. Lastly, the selectivity of developed anti‐H3 based electrochemical influenza A immunosensor was investigated by applying it for H1N1 virus detection.
Effect of Ag+, Cu2+ and Sn2+ Doping on Structural, Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of KGe0.5Te1.5O6 with Defect Pyrochlore Structure
Authors: Bindu Gaddameedi Hima , Sunku Manasa , Ramaswamy Kadari , Srilekha Pallati , Veerasomaiah Puppala , Vithal Muga 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDefect pyrochlore‐type oxide, KGe0.5Te1.5O6 (KGTO) and its Ag+, Cu2+ and Sn2+ doped compositions were prepared by solid state and ion‐exchange methods respectively. The XRD results suggest that both parent KGTO and Ag+, Cu2+ and Sn2+ doped KGTO have crystallized in cubic lattice. The morphology of all compositions was obtained from SEM‐EDS and TEM‐SAED measurements. The textural properties were obtained from N2 adsorption‐desorption measurements. The FT‐IR and Raman spectra of all compositions are comparable. Surface elemental composition and electron‐hole recombination rate were deduced from XPS and PL measurements respectively. The photocatalytic performance of these materials was tested in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) dyes. The doping of Ag+, Cu2+ and Sn2+ into the KGTO lattice improved optical characteristics and photocatalytic activity significantly. Among the compositions investigated, Sn‐KGTO shown highest photocatalytic performance with 82 % for MB and 67 % for MO in 180 min. Trapping experiments were conducted to identify the active species participated in the MB degradation over Sn‐KGTO. The generation and participation of ⋅OH and O2−⋅ radicals were studied by terephthalic acid and potassium bromate experiments respectively. The reusability and chemical stability of Sn‐KGTO against MB degradation were also examined. A possible reaction mechanism was proposed to understand the MB degradation in the presence of Sn‐KGTO.
Performance of a Solid Cell with a Solid‐Liquid Electrolyte Prepared by a Microwave‐Assisted Sintering Technique from MCM‐41 and Ionic Liquids
Authors: Zhihui Ding , Wu Wei , Heming He 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLi‐ion conducting solid‐liquid electrolytes containing ionic liquid, lithium salt and ordered mesoporous MCM‐41 are heated by microwave‐assisted reactive sintering. After heat treatment at 180 °C by Microwave Furnace, the electrolyte exhibits excellent electrochemical properties, such as: high ionic conductivity (2.46×10−3 S cm−1), and wide electrochemical window (5.6 V). However, Microwave‐assisted reactive sintering as a fast and easy processing technique is used to both promoting ionic liquids into MCM‐41 pore and sinter MCM‐41@LI‐IL with suitable properties in one single step. It is found that the electrochemical properties of the electrolytes obtained by microwave method are better than those obtained by conventional methods. The most groundbreaking result is that the Li/LiFePO4 cell assembled by MCM‐41@LI‐IL electrolyte obtained by the two sintering methods could deliver high specific capacity, about 150 mAh g−1 at room temperature under 1 C constant current charge‐discharge for more 1400 cycles.
Design and Synthesis of PDE2A Inhibitors for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Wang Yajing , Liu Jie , Song Guoqiang , Yu Yingcong , Huang Xianfeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGrowing evidence confirms the potential of PDE inhibitors including PDE 1, 2, 4, 7 and 10 inhibitors for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, a public health problem. There is a great need to find a way to prevent and delay the disease. Therefore, a series of novel quinolinone derivatives were synthesized and investigated for their ability to inhibit PDE2A. Most of the synthesized compounds have shown good activity against PDE2A. Among these analogues, compound 5 i exhibited most potent PDE2A inhibition with IC50 values about 0.049 μM. This compound also showed good selectivity over other PDEs. Docking simulation was performed to insert compound 5 i into the crystal structure of PDE2A at the active site to determine the binding mode. More importantly, compound 5 i exhibited excellent reversal of MPTP‐induced PD model and low acute toxicity in vivo. Based on these results, compound 5 i was evaluated as a promising candidate for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
DNA Nanostructures in Pharmaceutical Applications
Authors: John Jinju , Joseph Ajinsh , Kadavan Liya J. , Prabhu Prathibha S. , Prabhu Deepak J. , John Franklin , George Jinu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDNA nanostructures have evolved in various ways throughout the years since their discovery, including their structures and functions. Because DNA is a component of the biological system, it may be utilized to deliver therapeutic molecules without causing any harm to the body. For delivery, DNA nanostructures offer several benefits over conventional nanomaterials such as liposomes, polymers gold nanoparticles, carbon materials, etc. Various therapeutic molecules like drugs, nucleic acids, proteins, and a combination of these agents can be delivered with the help of DNA nanostructures.Because of the ease with which nanostructures can be synthesized through self‐assembly and the ability to form a variety of shapes, they have found widespread application in biomedical fields. In this review, we will look at the different classes of compounds that are delivered via DNA nanostructures.
Synthesis of Spiro‐oxindole Analogs Engrafted Pyrazole Scaffold as Potential Alzheimer's Disease Therapeutics: Anti‐oxidant, Enzyme Inhibitory and Molecular Docking Approaches
Authors: Shahidul Islam Mohammad , Mohammed Al‐Majid Abdullah , Nageh Sholkamy Essam , Yousuf Sammer , Ayaz Muhammad , Nawaz Asif , Wadood Abdul , Rehman Ashfaq Ur , Prakash Verma Ved , Motiur Rahman A. F. M. , Barakat Assem 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAbout 19 spirooxindole analogs 8 a–s engrafted with pyrazole scaffolds were designed and constructed via [3+2] cycloaddition reaction (32CA) approach. The synthesized spirooxindole analogs was screened for anti‐cholinesterase against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and antioxidant potentials against DPPH. The compounds 8 h and 8 i showed the strongest acetylcholine esterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibition with IC50 values of 30 μg/mL respectively. The highest anti‐oxidant potential was demonstrated by compounds 8 p with IC50 values of 240 μg/mL, respectively. Molecular docking was used to study their interaction with the active site of enzymes.
Vertical Barrier Heterostructures for Reliable, Robust, and High‐Performance Ultraviolet Detection
Authors: Wang Yanrong , Wang Feng , Li Shuhui , Yang Jia , Yan Tao , Cai Yuchen , Wu Zilong , Zhan Xueying , He Jun , Wang Zhenxing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPhotodetectors based on low‐dimensional materials usually suffer from serious optical power‐dependent photoresponse and low reliability, particularly in the ultraviolet regime. The barrier photodetector is an effective and reliable strategy where the barrier layer can block the low‐energy charge carriers while allowing for a flow of the high‐energy photocarriers. Here, vertical barrier heterostructure photodetectors (VBHPs), consisting of a graphene bottom electrode, a MoS2 light absorber, and an h‐BN energy barrier, for reliable, robust, and high‐performance ultraviolet detection are reported. The asymmetric barrier distribution in the conduction/valence band at the MoS2/h‐BN interface results in an ultralow noise current of 1.69 × 10‐15 A Hz‐1/2 at room temperature, stable photo on/off states exceeding 104 cycles at 300 K and 400 K, a light power‐independent high responsivity of 416.2 mA W‐1 at 360 nm, a high photo on–off ratio of 1.2 × 105 at 360 nm, high measured detectivities (3.2 × 1010 Jones at 266 nm and 9.9 × 1010 Jones at 360 nm), and wide linear dynamic ranges. The VBHPs show a high potential for new‐type reliable ultraviolet detection.
Carbon Dots‐Based Ultrastretchable and Conductive Hydrogels for High‐Performance Tactile Sensors and Self‐Powered Electronic Skin
Authors: Yu Yunfei , Feng Yiyu , Liu Feng , Wang Hui , Yu Huitao , Dai Kun , Zheng Guoqiang , Feng Wei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSmart tactile sensing materials have excellent development prospects, including wearable health‐monitoring equipment and energy collection. Hydrogels have received extensive attention in tactile sensing owing to their transparency and high elasticity. In this study, highly crosslinked hydrogels are fabricated by chemically crosslinking polyacrylamide with lithium magnesium silicate and decorated with carbon quantum dots. Magnesium lithium silicate provides abundant covalent bonds and improves the mechanical properties of the hydrogels. The luminescent properties endowed by the carbon dots further broaden the application of hydrogels for realizing flexible electronics. The hydrogel‐based strain sensor exhibits excellent sensitivity (gauge factor 2.6), a broad strain response range (0–2000%), good cyclicity, and durability (1250). Strain sensors can be used to detect human motions. More importantly, the hydrogel can also be used as a flexible self‐supporting triboelectric electrode for effectively detecting pressure in the range of 1–25 N and delivering a short‐circuit current (ISC) of 2.6 µA, open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 115 V, and short‐circuit transfer charge (QSC) of 29 nC. The results reveal new possibilities for human–computer interactions and electronic robot skins.
Asymmetric Exchange Interaction Induces Highly Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution in RhFe Bimetallene
Authors: Yan Kun , Wei Tingting , Ren Hengdong , Wu Jianghua , Pan Xiaoqing , Xu Xiaobing , Liu Lizhe , Wu Xinglong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAn RhFe bimetallene with Fe atoms doped into Rh host for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), is constructed. When two doped Fe atoms occupy neighboring asymmetric spatial positions, their asymmetric exchange interaction drives electron hopping between the dxy orbital of a Fe atom and the dz2 orbital of its neighboring Fe atom to push the d band center closer to the Fermi level as a result of electronic state reconstruction. The designed bimetallene with thickness of 0.77 nm (5 atomic layers), possesses excellent HER performance. The low overpotentials of 24.4 and 34.6 mV are achieved at the 10 and 100 mA cm−2 current densities in 1 m KOH solution, respectively. An ultra‐low Tafel slope of 8.9 mV dec−1 shows that this kind of RhFe bimetallene is of an ultrafast kinetic process. This work provides a strategy for designing HER catalysts with double metal composites.
Targeting Tumor Physical Microenvironment for Improved Radiotherapy
Authors: Wang Jin , Han Yulong , Li Yuan , Zhang Fengping , Cai Mengjiao , Zhang Xinyue , Chen Jie , Ji Chao , Ma Jinlu , Xu Feng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRadiotherapy has led to important clinical advances; existing cancer radiotherapy resistance is one remaining major challenge. Recently, biophysical cues in the tumor microenvironment (TME) have been regarded as the new hallmarks of cancer, playing pivotal roles in various cancer behaviors and treatment responses, including radiotherapy resistance. With recent advances in micro/nanotechnologies and functional biomaterials, radiotherapy exerts great influence on biophysical cues in TME, which, in turn, significantly affect the response to radiotherapy. Besides, various strategies have emerged that target biophysical cues in TME, to potentially enhance radiotherapy efficacy. Therefore, this paper reviews the four biophysical cues (i.e., extracellular matrix (ECM) microarchitecture, ECM stiffness, interstitial fluid pressure, and solid stress) that may play important roles in radiotherapy resistance, their possible mechanisms for inducing it, and their change after radiotherapy. The emerging therapeutic strategies targeting the biophysical microenvironment, to explore the mechanism of radiotherapy resistance and develop effective strategies to revert it for improved treatment efficacy are further summarized.
Not a jaguar after all? Phylogenetic affinities and morphology of the Pleistocene felid Panthera gombaszoegensis
Authors: Chatar Narimane , Michaud Margot , Fischer Valentin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPanthera gombaszoegensis is a fossil pantherine from the Pleistocene of Eurasia. It has been considered to be the closest ancestor the jaguar (Panthera onca) due to dental similarities, and has even sometimes been considered to be a subspecies of jaguar. However, our knowledge of this taxon is limited by the scarcity of cranial remains, which has made it difficult to properly assess the phylogenetic affinities and possible ecological role of this taxon. Here, we describe a new cranium of P. gombaszoegensis from Belgium, and present a morphometric analysis of the cranium and dentition of extinct and extant pantherines. Whereas the lower dentition of P. gombaszoegensis is similar to that of P. onca, similarities were not recovered in other parts of the skull. Some cranial traits of P. gombaszoegensis resemble those of other pantherines, especially larger species such as the tiger (P. tigris), while some similarities to taxa such as tiger (P. tigris), lion (P. leo) and leopard (P. pardus) in the skull of P. gombaszoegensis suggest a diet adapted to a wide prey spectrum. The first ever assessment of the phylogenetic placement of P. gombaszoegensis places this taxon closer to P. tigris than to P. onca, which considerably simplifies the biogeographic history of pantherines.
Blended Learning Research and Practice
Authors: Graham Charles R. , Halverson Lisa R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe strategic integration of online and in-person learning modalities (referred to as blended learning) is becoming increasingly popular in primary, secondary, post-secondary, and corporate contexts. Some have even called blended learning (BL) the “new normal” in education. This chapter addresses five important questions for scholars interested in contributing to research in this domain. First, how are scholars defining BL? Second, what are some of the common models of BL being used in higher education and K-12 learning environments? Third, what is happening with BL research and practice in different regions of the world? Fourth, what research frameworks have been developed by BL scholars and what are other common frameworks that scholars have borrowed from other domains? Finally, the chapter overviews some of the current BL research around institutional, faculty, and student issues. The global pandemic from 2019 to 2021 has increased administrator, instructor, and student awareness and familiarity with many online learning options. It is likely that blended practices that combine both online and in-person instruction will become increasingly prevalent. Scholars will need to better understand how different blended models and pedagogical practices within those models work to improve learning outcomes, increase access and flexibility for learners, and impact cost efficiencies.
Finite dimensional varieties over the Heisenberg group
Authors: Székelyhidi László 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSpectral analysis and synthesis studies translation invariant function spaces, so-called varieties over topological groups. The basic building blocks are the finite dimensional varieties. In the commutative case finite dimensional varieties are spanned by exponential polynomials. In non-commutative situations no relevant results exist. In this paper we consider finite dimensional left translation invariant linear spaces of continuous complex valued functions over the Heisenberg group. Using basic knowledge about Lie algebra we describe all left varieties of this type. In particular, it turns out that those function spaces are spanned by exponential polynomials as well.
CAPRIN1P512L causes aberrant protein aggregation and associates with early-onset ataxia
Authors: Delle Vedove Andrea , Natarajan Janani , Zanni Ginevra , Eckenweiler Matthias , Muiños-Bühl Anixa , Storbeck Markus , Guillén Boixet Jordina , Barresi Sabina , Pizzi Simone , Hölker Irmgard , Körber Friederike , Franzmann Titus M. , Bertini Enrico S. , Kirschner Janbernd , Alberti Simon , Tartaglia Marco , Wirth Brunhilde 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCAPRIN1 is a ubiquitously expressed protein, abundant in the brain, where it regulates the transport and translation of mRNAs of genes involved in synaptic plasticity. Here we describe two unrelated children, who developed early-onset ataxia, dysarthria, cognitive decline and muscle weakness. Trio exome sequencing unraveled the identical de novo c.1535C > T (p.Pro512Leu) missense variant in CAPRIN1, affecting a highly conserved residue. In silico analyses predict an increased aggregation propensity of the mutated protein. Indeed, overexpressed CAPRIN1P512L forms insoluble ubiquitinated aggregates, sequestrating proteins associated with neurodegenerative disorders (ATXN2, GEMIN5, SNRNP200 and SNCA). Moreover, the CAPRIN1P512L mutation in isogenic iPSC-derived cortical neurons causes reduced neuronal activity and altered stress granule dynamics. Furthermore, nano-differential scanning fluorimetry reveals that CAPRIN1P512L aggregation is strongly enhanced by RNA in vitro. These findings associate the gain-of-function Pro512Leu mutation to early-onset ataxia and neurodegeneration, unveiling a critical residue of CAPRIN1 and a key role of RNA–protein interactions.
The Effect of Neonicotinoids Exposure on Oreochromis niloticus Histopathological Alterations and Genotoxicity
Authors: El-Garawani Islam M. , Khallaf Elsayed A. , Alne-na-ei Alaa A. , Elgendy Rehab G. , Sobhy Hassan M. , Khairallah Adel , Hathout Heba M. R. , Malhat Farag , Nofal Amany E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the side effects of selected neonicotinoids (Acetamiprid, Aceta, and Imidacloprid, Imid) on Oreochromis niloticus juveniles. The acute toxicity, Probit method, revealed an LC50 of 195.81 and 150.76 ppm for Aceta/96 h and Imid/72 h respectively. The fish were divided into three groups that were exposed, for 21 days (n = 5/replicate), to 1/10 of the LC50 of either neonicotinoids, however, the third was an unexposed control group. Results of erythrocytic micronucleus (MN), and nuclear abnormalities (NA) showed that Aceta and Imid exposure caused a significant (p < 0.05) increase in MN by ~ 2.2 and ~ 10 folds, respectively relative to control. NAs occurred at the order of kidney-shaped > budding > binucleated in Aceta, however, budding > binucleated > kidney-shaped was noticed in the Imid group. Histopathological changes in gills, liver, and muscles were observed significantly in both exposed groups with more severity in the Imid group. Collectively, Aceta and Imid have potential genotoxicity and histopathological alterations in O. niloticus.
Functional alignment achieves a more balanced total knee arthroplasty than either mechanical alignment or kinematic alignment prior to soft tissue releases
Authors: Clark Gavin , Steer Richard , Wood David 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Total knee arthroplasty with functional alignment uses pre-resection balancing to determine component position within the soft tissue envelope to achieve balance and restoration of native joint obliquity. The purpose of this study was to assess the balance achievable with a mechanical axis alignment and kinematic axis alignment plan, and the subsequent balance achievable after adjustment of the component position to functional alignment.

Methods
A prospective cohort of 300 knees undergoing cruciate retaining total knee arthroplasty were included in this study. Of these, 130 were initially planned with mechanical alignment (MA) and 170 with kinematic alignment (KA). Maximal stressed virtual gaps were collected using an optical tracking software system. The gaps were measured medially and laterally in flexion and extension. Following assessment of balance, implant position was adjusted to balance the soft tissues in functional alignment (FA) and the maximal gaps reassessed. Gaps were considered to be balanced when within 2 mm of equality. Incidence of balance within each cohort was compared to independent samples proportions test.

Results
Functional alignment obtained significantly better balance in extension, medially and overall than both MA and KA alignment without soft tissue release (p < 0.001). Overall balance was observed in 97% of FA knees, 73% of KA knees and in 55% of MA knees. The difference between KA and MA was also significant (p = 0.002). Whilst there was no difference observed in balanced achieved or limb alignment when FA was planned with either MA or KA, the joint line obliquity was maintained with an initial KA plan.

Conclusion
Functional alignment more consistently achieves a balanced total knee arthroplasty than either mechanical alignment or kinematic alignment prior to undertaking soft tissue release. Utilising an individualised KA plan allows FA to best achieve the stated goals of maintaining joint line plane and obliquity.

Level of evidence
Level III: retrospective cohort study.
The relationship between R&D knowledge spillovers and employment entry
Authors: Barbieri Nicolò , Ramaciotti Laura , Rizzo Ugo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecent approaches to entrepreneurship seek to explain regional heterogeneity by exploring the link between knowledge endowment and new firm creation. There are two main gaps in this stream of research. First, entrepreneurship tends to be considered in terms of entry rates rather than in terms of job creation. Second, most empirical studies focus on relatively large geographical areas and overlook the distance at which knowledge externalities dissipate. The present paper exploits data on firms based in the Emilia-Romagna region (Italy) to show that private R&D spillovers are positively associated with the size at entry of innovative firms only for those located close to the R&D activities and that these spillovers dissipate at a few kilometres from the R&D source. Non-linearities are detected only for low-tech sectors.