bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring an urban integrated pluvial flood risk assessment using big data
Authors: Zhang Hui , Li Cheng , Wu Zhifeng , Zhang Qifei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Currently, urban pluvial flood risk management and mitigation strongly require integrated flood risk assessment at a fine scale. In this study, we tried to perform integrated pluvial flood risk assessment in the framework of “hazard-exposure-vulnerability” at the grid scale. First, a simplified pluvial flood inundation was utilized to quickly calculate flood depth for hazard information to find the flood depth under different precipitation conditions. Next, spatial analysis based on Geographic Information Science (GIS) was chosen to analyze the entire exposure degree of land use. Then, point of interest (POI) data together with traditional statistical data were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) for vulnerability assessment at the grid scale, and spatial overlay analysis was used to obtain the integrated risk assessment. The results showed that as the intensity of heavy rain increased, the level and intensity of hazard and exposure risk increased accordingly and showed obvious spatial agglomeration. The 20-year return period of a rainstorm was an inflection point for the area change of hazard. However, vulnerability had a significant clustering effect, which was obviously distinct from hazard and exposure risk. As the rainstorm intensity increased, the regional area of pluvial flood risk facing two or three risks gradually increased, and its spatial agglomeration effect also gradually increased. It is worth noting that the highest integrated risk area was mainly distributed near both the midstream and the downstream sides of Donghaochong. Our research can provide scientific reference for the mitigation of urban pluvial flood risk, and case reference for other cities to carry out similar research.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy with Weekly Cisplatin and Paclitaxel Followed by Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Authors: Li Jing , Li Ya , Wang Huafeng , Shen Lifei , Wang Qun , Shao Siqi , Shen Yuhong , Xu Haoping , Liu Hua , Cai Rong , Feng Weiwei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background Currently, the standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer is concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT). Forty percent of patients present with disease recurrence. This study aims to investigate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) with weekly cisplatin and paclitaxel (TP) followed by CCRT.Methods We are conducting a phase III trial comparing the efficacy and side effects of patients with cervical cancer (FIGO 2018 stage IIB to IVA) who were assigned to four cycles of NACT with cisplatin (40 mg/m2) and paclitaxel (60 mg/m2) weekly followed CCRT or CCRT alone. In this report, we studied the medium-term effect of 50 patients enrolled in the NACT+CCRT arm. The primary endpoints were the response rate post-NACT and 12 weeks post-CCRT evaluated by MR/CT based on RECIST v 1.1 criteria. The secondary endpoints were 3-year OS (overall survival) and PFS (progression-free survival) measured by the Kaplan–Meier method.Results Among 50 patients enrolled in the NACT+CCRT arm, the complete and partial response rates were 10.4% and 68.8%, post-NACT. After treatment completion, the complete response rate was 72.0%, whereas the total response rate (complete and partial response) was 90.0%. After a median follow-up of 28 months, the 3-year OS rate was 83.9%, and the 3-year PFS rate was 73.6%. NACT response was related to superior PFS and OS compared with NACT nonresponse (P<0.01). Late AEs were exiguous, while early AEs mainly included myelosuppression and gastrointestinal AEs.Conclusion This study showed a good response rate achieved by dose-dense weekly cisplatin and paclitaxel followed by standard CCRT. The treatment regimen is feasible, as evidenced by the acceptable toxicity of NACT and by the high compliance with radiotherapy.Trial registration Protocol version number and dateChinese clinical trial registry, ChiCTR1900025327; http://www.chictr.org.cn. Registered 24 August 2019. Retrospectively registered, medresman.org.cn/ChiCTR1900025326The date recruitment began 01-01-2019
Environmental and Socio-economic drivers of child anthropometric failures in selected countries of South Asia
Authors: saif sabeen , Anwar Sofia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The pervasiveness of malnutrition among children under five is unacceptably high in South Asia. Assessment of overall burden of malnutrition with summation of Gomez and Waterlow’s three class divisions in Svedberg formulated composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) and Nandy’s revised CIAF have overlooked the incidence of overnutrition and their possible connections with other subgroups. This study proposes a new scheme; an extended version of CIAF as developed by Kuiti & Bose (2018), to accurately estimates the prevalence of anthropometric failures. The study also examines the effects of socio-economic and environmental variables on child malnutrition in selected South Asian countries include Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. For empirical analysis, panel cointegration technique is employed by using data for the period of 1990 to 2018. All the variables are stationary at first difference. Fully Modified OLS (FMOLS) method is applied to explore the parameter estimates. The results showed that political stability, prevalence of undernourishment, anemia in children, mother’s education, household size, dependency ratio, air pollution and unimproved sanitation significantly correlated with childhood undernutrition. The findings also testified long-run cointegrating relationship among the variables.
Determinant of under nutrition among under five children in Ambo town during covid 19 pandemic. A community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Feyisa Beshadu Bedada , Dabu Getu Taresa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: About 8 to 44% of all child mortality in Africa is associated with undernutrition. To alleviate this problem, it is necessary to determine the magnitude and determinants of undernutrition. However, there is scarce evidence in an urban setting like Ambo town. Therefore, this study assessed the magnitude and factors associated with undernutrition under five children in Ambo town, west Ethiopia.Methods and patients: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Ambo town from March 01 - 30, 2020. A systematic sampling technique was employed to select 363 study participants. Nutritional status indices were generated using ENASMART software. After testing for collinearity, variables with a p-value < 0.25 in binary logistic regression were interred to backward multiple logistic regressions at a level of significance of p < 0.05. Results: This study found 16.00%, 25.30%, and 19.00% of the study participants were underweight, wasted, and stunted respectively. Decisions making on major food purchases, who usually care for the child, the age at which the child starts complimentary food, late introduction of complementary food were positively associated with wasting. Diarrhea, birth weight, child age, age at which the child starts complimentary food, consumption of milk and milk product, and who usually care for the child were significantly associated with underweight. Consumption of milk and milk products, household food security level, and birth weight were independent determinants of stunting. Conclusion: This study identified high prevalence of undernutrition, especially wasting. Child birth weight, age, diarrhea, feeing practice, house hold (HH) food security, Decision making on major food purchase, late introduction of complimentary food were found to be the potential determinants of undernutrition. Thus there should be an effort to improve the nutritional status of children in the study area by focusing on these factors.
Microwave Preparation of Porous Graphene from Wasted Tires and its Pyrolysis Behavior
Authors: Wu Bangjian , Liu Bingguo , Yuwen Chao , Bao Rui , Zhang Ting , Zhang Libo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, most waste tires are disposed of by direct combustion or via landfill, which inevitably creates a large volume of waste. However, the soft carbon found in tires can be an excellent precursor in the preparation of graphene. In this study, waste tires were mixed with potassium hydroxide (KOH) and heated in a microwave environment to be converted rapidly into porous graphene, a process having no complicated pre-processing. Moreover, the processes, tools, and chemical reagents are distinct and inexpensive. Thermogravimetric analysis and dielectric property testing of the tires and mixtures were conducted to study their pyrolysis behavior and catalytic reactions. It was found that when the temperature reached more than 750°C, potassium ions and carbon underwent a reduction reaction to generate potassium vapor, which catalyzed the carbon in the tires into porous graphene, and that microwave heating could shorten the heating time. Simultaneously, the carbon in the tire could be sheared smaller and thinner during the rapid pyrolysis and volatilization of the gas, benefitting the graphene production. The products of the mixed materials were then characterized and analyzed at different holding temperatures and times. As the holding time increased, the degree of graphitization of the products increased, the number of layers increased slightly, and the impurity elements were completely removed from the products.
Factors influencing physical activity in postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey in Japan
Authors: Nomura Yumi , Araki Tomoko 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate factors influencing postpartum physical activity (PA), taking into consideration psychosocial perceptions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic by comparing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) scores.
Methods
A web-based cross-sectional survey of 787 postpartum women was conducted between March and October 2021. After applying the exclusion criteria, 590 women were analyzed. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form was used to assess the level and amount of PA. The Short Form-12 Health Survey version 2 (SF-12v2) was used to measure HRQoL. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine whether sociodemographic factors and psychosocial perceptions during the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with total weekly PA. Based on the current national guidelines for exercise in Japan, respondents were classified by weekly PA level as an Inactive group and an Active group to assess the influence of PA on HRQoL.
Results
Mean total PA was 19.3 total metabolic equivalents hour/week, and the prevalence of an inactive lifestyle was 45.9% among respondents. The most important explanatory factor on PA was anxiety symptoms (β = -0.115, p = 0.017), which was negatively associated with total PA. Multiparity (β = 0.101, p = 0.040) and greater number of days since delivery (β = 0.107, p = 0.017) correlated positively with total PA. Having someone to talk about childcare and the individual’s partner (β = 0.093, p = 0.042) was also associated with total PA. The Active group had significantly higher HRQoL scores than the Inactive group in the following scales: physical component summary (p < 0.001), mental component summary (p = 0.041).
Conclusions
The most influential factor for total PA was a perception of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic, which correlated negatively with PA. Longer duration after childbirth and multiparity showed positive effects on PA levels. The presence of someone with whom can talk to about childcare and partner issues was significantly associated with the maintenance of higher PA among postpartum women, suggesting that factor as a positive influence on PA under unsettled conditions.
Sulfidation of nano zero-valent iron (S-nZVI) for enhanced hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) removal performances
Authors: Feng Xiujuan , Wang Xiaoyi , Li Dongming , Liu Zhihan , Yan Yuelong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) and sulfidation modified nZVI (S-nZVI) were synthesized and employed for hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) removal in wastewater. Characterizations of products showed that the sulfidation process could significantly change the morphologies, and the degree of crystallinity was also enhanced. The effects of S/Fe ratio, pH value and reaction temperature were studied, the most appropriate parameter was considered of S/Fe ratio = 0.5, and removal efficiency could reach up to the 98% in the condition of pH = 2. The influences of anions (Cl−, NO3−, CO32−, and SO42−) and cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+) on the Cr(VI) removal efficiency were investigated and the mechanisms were discussed. The Cr(VI) removal efficiency of S-nZVI was obviously better than that of nZVI, mainly owing to the existence of FeS layers that could protect Fe0 cores and prompt electron transfer. The aging and cycling experiments showed that S-nZVI products could maintain its reactivity facing the corrosion of water, and showed satisfying cycling stability. Thus, the prepared S-nZVI was an effective and feasible agent for the remediation of Cr(VI)-contained wastewater.
Climatic heterogeneity and low precipitation dictate the global distribution of range-edge hotspots of major tree species
Authors: Lerner David , Fernandez-Martinez Marcos , Livne-Luzon Stav , Belmaker Jonathan , Penuelas Josep , Klein Tamir 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Understanding the causes of the arrest of species distributions has been a fundamental question in ecology and evolution. For trees, these questions are of particular interest due to their long lifespan and sessile nature. A surge in data-availability evokes for a macro-ecological analysis to determine the underlying forces limiting distributions. Here we analyze the spatial distribution of 6,000 major tree species to determine geographical areas of range-edge hotspots and find drivers for their arrest. We confirmed biome edges to be strong delineators of distributions. Importantly, we identified a stronger contribution of temperate than tropical biomes to range edges, adding strength to the notion that tropical areas are centers of radiation. We subsequently identified a strong association of range-edge hotspots with low levels of precipitation and steep climatic gradients. We linked temperature homogeneity and high precipitation in the tropics as the strongest predictors for this phenomenon. We propose that the poleward migration of species in light of climate change might be hindered due to high climatic heterogeneity and increasing drought events.
The relationship between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and postoperative length of stay in carotid body tumor resection: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Li Yu , Wen Dihao , Wang Shiying , Wang Chaochen , Li Yaru , Zhou Jian , Wei Xiaolong , Zhao Zhiqing , Sun Yudong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a significant indicator of inflammation, which is associated with adverse outcomes of various surgeries. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between NLR and postoperative length of stay(PLOS) in carotid body tumor(CBT) resection.
Methods
This retrospective observational study was performed of 231 patients undergoing CBT resection between November 2008 to December 2020. Univariate and multivariate analyses using logistic regression models were conducted to confirm NLR as the independent factor affecting PLOS in CBTs. Smooth curve fitting and stratified analysis were conducted to calculate effect index of NLR to PLOS.
Results
Medium PLOS group was larger than the other two groups(31.2% vs. 44.6% vs. 24.2%). The PLOS in patients with a low NLR was significantly smaller than that in patients with a high NLR(2.37 ± 2.41 vs. 2.67 ± 2.76 vs. 4.35 ± 5.91, p < 0.01). After adjusted other factors influenced PLOS, each additional 1 of NLR, the PLOS increased by increase 0.12days (0.12,(0.06, 0.18), p < 0.01). After adjusting all other variables, the associations of NLR and PLOS in Shamblin II had statistical significance(0.19 (0.09, 0.29), p < 0.01).
Conclusions
NLR as an indicator of inflammation, was a routinely collected but overlooked biomarker shows the relationship between inflammation and PLOS in patients suffered from CBT. Patients with a higher NLR had a longer PLOS.
Association of muscle strength and body mass index with risk factors for metabolic syndrome and its prevalence in Korean adult women
Authors: Lee Ju-Hak , Kim Soon-young , Kim Dong-il 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of muscle strength and BMI (body Mass Index) on Metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors and prevalence in Korean adult women, using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Methods: A total of 3,189 Korean adults women participated in the cross-sectional study. Participants were measured BMI, MetS risk factors including waist-circumference (WC), fasting glucose (FG), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and handgrip strength as muscle strength. Results: As a result 'high BMI & Low muscle strength', 'low BMI & low muscle strength', and ‘high BMI & high muscle strength’ groups had a significantly higher prevalence of Mets [OR (Odd ratio): 1.49, 95% CI (confidence interval): 1.01 2.20; OR: 5.77, 95% CI: 4.32 7.17; OR: 10.46, 95% CI: 8.05 13.59] than 'low BMI & high muscle strength' group; and after adjusting smoking, menstruation status, and drinking rate, the OR were 1.07 (95% CI: 0.72-1.61), 4.85 (95% CI: 3.60-6.54), and 7.38 (95% CI: 5.63-9.68), respectively. Conclusions: These findings indicated that increasing muscle strength and lowering BMI through regular physical activity and exercise are effective methods to reduce the prevalence of risk factors for Mets.
A new diagnostic strategy with neutrophil counts in patients with suspected aortic dissection in a certain time window
Authors: CHUN HON , SIU Kai Man 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Neutrophil counts are increased in aortic dissection (AD) patients. However, the diagnostic value of neutrophil counts has not been validated.Methods: Patients with suspected AD from two clinical centers were retrospectively enrolled from 01/07/2011 to 30/06/2021. Clinical characteristic data, including history, onset time, diagnosis, and neutrophil counts, were collected.Results: A total of 198 of 534 (37.1%) patients were diagnosed with AD. The neutrophil counts were significantly higher in AD patients during the 2 to 24-hour interval after symptom onset. In this time window, increased neutrophil counts had a sensitivity of 95.6%, specificity of 56.1%, negative likelihood ratio of 0.08, and negative predictive value of 95.6%.Conclusions: Neutrophil counts may be useful in risk stratification of patients to rule out aortic dissection if used within 2-24 hours after symptom onset.
Extra-hepatic portosystemic shunt leading to encephalopathy in a noncirrhotic liver: successful treatment with endovascular occlusion
Authors: Senra Carlos , Lopes Pedro Marinho , Rocha Diogo , Cavalheiro Frederico , Dionisio Teresa , Barbedo Marta , Sousa Pedro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundHepatic encephalopathy in the western world is primarily associated with livercirrhosis, however it has also been reported in noncirrhotic patients with largecongenital portosystemic shunts. This case reports a successful treatment withendovascular occlusion.Case PresentationA 60-year-old male presented with a two-year history of neurologic andpsychiatric symptoms requiring multiple hospital admissions and serumhyperammonemia. Abdominal imaging was unremarkable except for the presence of alarge vascular shunt communicating the portal vein to the left renal vein, consistent witha congenital portosystemic shunt causing hepatic encephalopathy in a noncirrhotic liver.Endovascular shunt closure was performed with Amplatzer II vascular plug with clinicalimprovement and reduction of serum ammonia to normal levels within two weeks.ConclusionAdult-onset of noncirrhotic hepatic encephalopathy is a very uncommoncondition and few reports have described endovascular treatment for these patients.Our work corroborates that the endovascular approach is a safe, minimal invasivetechnic with proven clinical benefits.
Machine-learning assisted local stress evaluation and atomistic modelling to inquire Ti-enrichment in W-Ti nanocrystalline films
Authors: Sinojiya Rahulkumar , Paulachan Priya , Chamasemani Fereshteh , Bodlos Rishi , Hammer Rene , Zalesak Jakub , Reisinger Michael , Scheiber Daniel , Keckes Jozef , Romaner Lorenz , Brunner Roland 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Nanocrystalline metallic alloy thin films provide a variety of interesting properties. A disadvantage concerns their inherent instability and generation of residual stresses. Here, we present a unique framework incorporating machine learning assisted experimental and modelling methods to perceive the impact of the minority element concentration on the generated residual stresses within a nanocrystalline thin film. As a candidate system we use a W-Ti alloy thin film with different Ti concentrations. We perform machine-learning assisted local residual stress measurements, correlate the results with accompanied microstructure and elemental analysis and apply density functional theory. We inquire why the experimental observed Ti enrichment can be strongly reduced at smaller concentrations and discuss how it significantly effects the stress stored in the nanocrystalline thin film. The presented perception is highly crucial to yield future design guidelines for more stable nanocrystalline thin films.
Reduced Application of Nitrogen Fertilizer Affects Nitrogen Metabolism of Leaves and Maintains the Production During the Harvesting Stage in Coreopsis tinctoria
Authors: Li Zhiyuan , Jiang Hong , Jiang Xiumei , Zhang Lifang , Yusupu Yumiti , Qin Yong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Coreopsis tinctoria, as a medicinal plant, has become popular in China in the past decade. However, basic data on NO3− supply related to its production and nitrogen (N) metabolism are lacking. In this study, all plants were grown to four leaves in substrate (vermiculite:perlite = 2:1), which were subsequently transferred to different reducing NO3− solutions. Appropriate N fertilizer application reductions (1/8N-1/2N) maintained the flower number and biomass of Coreopsis tinctoria during 2020–2021. N fertilizer reduction maintained the N assimilation levels of C. tinctoria and increased N use efficiency (NUE), one of the important reasons was that the reduction of N fertilizer did not damage the chlorophyll fluorescence system and photosynthetic system. 1/2N-1/8N treatment also maintained the activities nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NIR), glutamine synthase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) and the content of total amino acid and soluble protein in leaves. N reduction treatment also increased the levels of tyrosine (Thr), serine (Ser), leucine (Leu), isoleucine (Ile), lysine (Lys) and arginine (Arg) of leaves in C. tinctoria, and further enhances N assimilation ability. Leaf N content was significantly correlated with the activities of NR, NIR, GS, GOGAT and GDH, indicating that N metabolism was effectively regulated by N levels. In conclusion, the 1/8 N level prior to harvest could be one of the strategies for C. tinctoria cultivation because it minimizes planting costs and maintains nitrogen assimilation capacity and productivity.