bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between traction spurs, Modic change, vacuum phenomenon, and segmental instability of the lumbar spine
Authors: Tsukamoto Masatsugu , Morimoto Tadatsugu , Kobayashi Takaomi , Muranaka Kazuki , Yoshihara Tomohito , Maeda Kazumasa , Sonohata Motoki , Kasai Yuichi , Otani Koji , Mawatari Masaaki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA thorough understanding of lumbar segmental motion is valuable to treat patients with degenerative lumbar disease, but kinematics associated with indicators of lumbar intervertebral instability [traction spur, Modic changes (MCs) and vacuum phenomenon (VP)] in the lumbar spine have not been well understood. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationships between traction spur, MCs and VP to radiographic measurements in the lumbar spine. A total of 525 lumbar discs from L1-2 to L5-S1 of 105 patients were evaluated. The sagittal translation (ST) and sagittal angulation were measured from the radiographs taken flexion–extension. The anterior disc height (ADH) was measured from the lateral radiographs, and ΔADH was measured as the difference from supine to sitting position. Logistic regression analyses were used to detect the association between the existence of traction spur, MCs and VP and related factors. Multivariate analysis showed that the traction spur was significantly related to translational motion (ST > 2 mm, OR 4.74) and the VP was significantly related to vertical motion (ΔADH > 3 mm, OR 1.94). These results suggest that the segments with traction spur and VP should be evaluated carefully because these may be a sign of lumbar intervertebral instability.
A simulation of geographic distribution for the emergence of consequential SARS-CoV-2 variant lineages
Authors: Akaishi Tetsuya , Ishii Tadashi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been facilitated by the intermittent emergence of consequential variant strains. This study evaluated the geographic disproportionality in the detection of consequential variant lineages across countries. As of November 2021, a total of 40 potentially consequential SARS-CoV-2 variant lineages have been identified. One-hundred repeated simulations that randomly produced consequential variants from overall COVID-19 cases worldwide were performed to evaluate the presence of geographical disproportion in the occurrence of consequential variant outbreaks. Both the total number of reported COVID-19 cases and the number of reported genome sequences in each country showed weak positive correlations with the number of detected consequential lineages in each country. The simulations suggest the presence of geographical disproportion in the occurrence of consequential variant outbreaks. Based on the random occurrence of consequential variants among COVID-19 cases, identified consequential variants occurred more often than expected in the United Kingdom and Africa, whereas they occurred less in other European countries and the Middle East. Simulations of the occurrence of consequential variants by assuming a random occurrence among all COVID-19 cases suggested the presence of biogeographic disproportion. Further studies enrolling unevaluated crucial biogeographical factors are needed to determine the factors underlying the suggested disproportionality.
Cassava root crown phenotyping using three-dimension (3D) multi-view stereo reconstruction
Authors: Sunvittayakul Pongsakorn , Kittipadakul Piya , Wonnapinij Passorn , Chanchay Pornchanan , Wannitikul Pitchaporn , Sathitnaitham Sukhita , Phanthanong Phongnapha , Changwitchukarn Kanokphu , Suttangkakul Anongpat , Ceballos Hernan , Vuttipongchaikij Supachai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPhenotypic analysis of cassava root crowns (CRCs) so far has been limited to visual inspection and very few measurements due to its laborious process in the field. Here, we developed a platform for acquiring 3D CRC models using close-range photogrammetry for phenotypic analysis. The state of the art is a low cost and easy to set up 3D acquisition requiring only a background sheet, a reference object and a camera, compatible with field experiments in remote areas. We tested different software with CRC samples, and Agisoft and Blender were the most suitable software for generating high-quality 3D models and data analysis, respectively. We optimized the workflow by testing different numbers of images for 3D reconstruction and found that a minimum of 25 images per CRC can provide high quality 3D models. Up to ten traits, including 3D crown volumes, 3D crown surface, root density, surface-to-volume ratio, root numbers, root angle, crown diameter, cylinder soil volume, CRC compactness and root length can be extracted providing novel parameters for studying cassava storage roots. We applied this platform to partial-inbred cassava populations and demonstrated that our platform provides reliable 3D CRC modelling for phenotypic analysis, analysis of genetic variances and supporting breeding selection.
Zufallsbefund NEN Appendix
Authors: Thomas Michael , Wahba Roger , Chiapponi Costanza , Stippel Dirk L. , Bruns Christiane 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungNeuroendokrine Neoplasien (NEN) der Appendix stellen mit 80% die häufigste Neoplasie dieser Lokalisation dar. In den meisten Fällen werden diese Tumoren als Zufallsbefund nach stattgehabter
Appendektomie bei V. a. Appendizitis diagnostiziert. Hierbei handelt es sich meist um hoch differenzierte neuroendokrine Tumoren. Aufgrund ihrer häufigen Lage im Bereich der Appendixspitze
sind die NEN der Appendix meist nicht ursächlich für die Appendizitis-typischen Beschwerden.Die meisten Patienten (80–90%) sind durch die bereits durchgeführte Appendektomie ausreichend onkologisch therapiert. Sollten sich jedoch Risikofaktoren wie eine Tumorgröße > 2 cm,
basisnahe Lage, Angioinvasion, Perforation oder Infiltration von Nachbarorganen, Proliferationsindex von > 2% oder eine Infiltration des Mesoappendix von mehr als 3 mm im endgültigen
histopathologischen Befund ergeben, so wird eine Nachresektion als onkologische Hemikolektomie rechts empfohlen.Aufgrund des meist frühen Tumorstadiums bei Diagnosestellung ohne nachgewiesene Lymphknotenmetastasierung weisen Patienten mit einer NEN der Appendix exzellente 5-Jahres-Überlebensraten
über alle Tumorstadien hinweg von 70–85% auf.
Advantages of Revision Transforaminal Full-Endoscopic Spine Surgery in Patients who have Previously Undergone Posterior Spine Surgery
Authors: Yagi Kiyoshi , Kishima Kazuya , Tezuka Fumitake , Morimoto Masatoshi , Yamashita Kazuta , Takata Yoichiro , Sakai Toshinori , Maeda Toru , Sairyo Koichi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Revision lumbar spine surgery via a posterior approach is more challenging than primary surgery because of epidural or perineural scar tissue. It demands more extensive removal of the posterior structures to confirm intact bony landmarks and could cause iatrogenic instability; therefore, fusion surgery is often added. However, adjacent segment disease after fusion surgery could be a problem, and further exposure of the posterior muscles could result in multiple operated back syndrome. To address these problems, we now perform transforaminal full-endoscopic spine surgery (TF-FES) as revision surgery in patients who have previously undergone posterior lumbar surgery. There have been several reports on the advantages of TF-FES, which include feasibility of local anesthesia, minimal invasiveness to posterior structures, and less scar tissue with fewer adhesions. In this study, we aim to assess the clinical outcomes of revision TF-FES and its advantages.
Methods We evaluated 48 consecutive patients with a history of posterior lumbar spine surgery who underwent revision TF-FES (at 60 levels) under local anesthesia. Intraoperative blood loss, operating time, and complication rate were evaluated. Postoperative outcomes were assessed using the modified Macnab criteria and visual analog scale (VAS) scores for leg pain, back pain, and leg numbness. We also compared the outcome of revision FES with that of primary FES.
Results Mean operating time was 70.5 ± 14.4 (52–106) minutes. Blood loss was unmeasurable. The clinical outcomes were rated as excellent at 16 levels (26.7%), good at 28 (46.7%), fair at 10 (16.7%), and poor at 6 (10.0%). The mean preoperative VAS score was 6.0 ± 2.6 for back pain, 6.8 ± 2.4 for leg pain, and 6.3 ± 2.8 for leg numbness. At the final follow-up, the mean postoperative VAS scores for leg pain, back pain, and leg numbness were 4.3 ± 2.5, 3.8 ± 2.6, and 4.6 ± 3.2, respectively. VAS scores for all three parameters were significantly improved (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in operating time, intraoperative blood loss, or the complication rate between revision FES and primary FES.
Conclusions Clinical outcomes of revision TF-FES in patients with a history of posterior lumbar spine surgery were acceptable (excellent and good in 73.4% of cases). TF-FES can preserve the posterior structures and avoid scar tissue and adhesions. Therefore, TF-FES could be an effective procedure for patients who have previously undergone posterior lumbar spine surgery.
La traduction entre extractivisme et « écologie machinique »
Authors: Talbot Aurélien 
Published: June 2022

RésuméLe tournant écologique de la traductologie apporte un nouvel éclairage sur le rapport entre la traduction et les technologies. La notion d’extractivisme, issue du domaine environnemental, permet ainsi d’affiner un regard critique sur l’extraction massive de données de traduction qui constitue l’un des leviers de l’industrialisation du secteur et fait peser des risques sur son avenir (Cronin 2017). Après être revenu sur les conséquences de l’extractivisme en traduction, nous examinons deux autres notions issues du domaine environnemental (biens communs et recyclage) dont des traductologues (Cronin 2017;Moorkens et Lewis 2019;Larsonneur 2021) se sont inspirés pour proposer un rééquilibrage de l’écosystème bouleversé du secteur. Enfin, les hypothèses d’une « traduction augmentée » (Mihalache 2021) et d’une « écologie machinique » (Guattari 1989etCronin 2021) sont envisagées en tant qu’elles suggèrent une redéfinition du rapport entre la traduction et la machine, intégrant l’expertise numérique dans une conception étendue du savoir-faire.
A survey of translation and interpreting studies doctoral students’ experiences
Authors: Lee Jieun , Song Yonsuk 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Despite a remarkable growth of translation and interpreting studies (TS), little attention has been paid to
doctoral students and their experiences of doctoral studies. This paper investigates TS doctoral experiences based on a survey of
73 doctoral students and graduates from the two largest and oldest TS doctoral programmes in South Korea. The survey includes
questions about their personal backgrounds, overall doctoral experiences, research competencies, regrets and suggestions for the
doctoral programmes. The analysis reveals the challenges they encountered and examines their assessments of TS research
competencies. Research competence and time management were the greatest challenges in their doctoral studies. The paper also
highlights the factors for successful doctorate completion by statistically analysing the participants’ variables, including their
age, marital status, years of practice and personal motives for undertaking doctoral studies. The paper concludes by discussing
its implications for TS doctoral programmes and research.
Confining atomic populations in space via stimulated Raman adiabatic passage in a doped solid
Authors: Stabel Markus , Feldmann Leo Daniel , Halfmann Thomas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate spatial confinement of atomic excitation by adiabatic passage processes in a rare-earth ion-doped Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystal. In particular, we apply stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) and compare its performance with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Using a Stokes beam with Gaussian and a pump beam with donut shape we localize the atomic population in the zero-intensity center of the latter. Our data confirm that adiabatic passage confines excitation far below the diameter of the driving laser beams, and that this localization rapidly increases with laser intensity. We find, that STIRAP significantly outperforms EIT, as it was predicted by previous theory proposals, i.e., STIRAP reaches small excitation volumes with much lower laser intensity. The experimental data agree very well with numerical simulations. The findings serve as a step towards new applications for STIRAP, to prepare excitation regions or population patterns in space with large resolution.
Effect of dielectric barrier discharge plasma on rice (Oryza sativa L.) seed hydration and hygroscopicity
Authors: Rongsangchaicharean Thunyapuk , Ruangwong Khomsan , Onwimol Damrongvudhi , Tephiruk Naowarat , Suwannarat Sawita , Srisonphan Siwapon 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Nonthermal plasma has been explored as a green technology for improving seed wettability and crop productivity. In this investigation, we demonstrate scalable dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma treatment of rice seeds at atmospheric pressure to elucidate the effect of plasma on seed hydration, hygroscopicity, and moisture content (MC). These properties are associated with seedling quality, nutrition, and shelf-life storage. The floating approach was utilized to evaluate seed wettability for a large-scale seed lot because treated seeds become superhydrophilic and sink immediately into water, whereas nontreated seeds float on the surface. We proved that a hydrophilic surface is necessary to improve water absorption, but the extent of physical etching and chemical functionalization had the greatest impact. After 5 h of imbibition, the seeds that were treated with plasma for 10 min absorbed ∼20% more water than the nontreated seeds. After plasma treatment, seed vigor increased dramatically, as evidenced by the radicle emergence times of ∼64 h for treated and ∼69 h for nontreated seeds. Furthermore, the treated seeds yielded seedlings that were ∼10% longer compared to the nontreated seeds on day 14 of germination, even after an artificial aging process. During treatment, the MC of the seed was linearly reduced due to an ionic wind with a velocity of ∼4.7 m s−1, which was generated using a localized nonuniform electric field that was applied around the seed’s surface. DBD plasma can modify seed coatings at the nanoscale level but not the availability of its primary nutrition and hygroscopicity. Although the treated seed absorbed moisture four times faster than the nontreated seed during the first 24 h of storage in a ∼99% relative humidity environment, there was no difference in MC subsequently. Thus, plasma treatment combines the advantages of efficient imbibition and vigor enhancement, and is beneficial for long-term seed preservation.
Study on the radiation detriment
Authors: Beck Thomas R 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Cancer incidence risks, lifetime effects and radiation detriments are determined for the whole population and various subpopulations as a result of acute and chronic exposure to low-LET radiation, taking into account the risk models, procedures and representative populations provided by ICRP. The results are given for solid cancers in different organs, as well as for soft tissue cancer in bone marrow. For most cancer sites a good agreement is obtained between the results of this study and the values published by the ICRP. The agreement with ICRP values is better for the whole population than for the working age population, where the results are systematically elevated. For chronic exposure, the years of life lost per radiation-induced cancer incidence are generally higher. In particular, this results in a radiation detriment for the whole population that is 30% higher than for acute exposure. The study reveals that risk quantities show a pronounced age dependence. The highest radiation risks are attributed to young persons; the lowest to persons in advanced ages. The total detriment imposed on people in different ages varies by a factor of about 30. The average values provided by the ICRP mask these variations and considerably underestimate radiation risks in childhood and adolescence. This also concerns the determination of the effective dose for persons in these age groups. Unlike the ICRP, which provides different nominal detriments for the whole population and the working age population, the results of this study do not support the use of different detriments for these populations.
Tunable magnetic flux avalanches triggered by a focalized laser spot
Authors: Li Liujiang , Jiang Lu , Zhou You-He , Silhanek Alejandro V , Xue Cun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Magnetic flux avalanches caused by thermomagnetic instabilities are a common phenomenon occurring in type II superconducting films. The unpredictability of these catastrophic events threaten the application of superconducting thin film equipment, such as high-temperature superconducting magnets. In the present work, through the fast Fourier transform method, we numerically investigate artificially triggered flux avalanches in superconducting films by a focalized laser, unveiling new features beyond those associated to naturally occurring avalanches. The numerical modeling is validated by reproducing previous experimental results. We investigate the effects of laser irradiation on the nucleation and evolution of flux avalanches for different cases, namely varying the laser irradiation position, laser power, laser-spot size, ramping rate of applied magnetic field and working temperature. We find that the laser irradiation can control and guide the position of flux avalanches at applied magnetic fields with small ramping rate, while similar guidance effect cannot be observed at high ramping rates. We demonstrate that such phenomenon can be tuned by the environmental temperature, and the underlying physical mechanism can be ascribed to current crowding and local heating around the laser spot. Furthermore, by considering a pair of laser spots, we observe two possible scenarios depending on the laser power, (i) single flux avalanche triggered at one of the laser spots and (ii) double flux avalanches triggered at both laser spots.
3D printed low-permittivity all-dielectric metamaterial for dual-band microwave absorption based on surface lattice resonances
Authors: Guo Mengchao , Wang Xiaokun , Zhuang Haiyan , Tang Dongming , Zhang Baoshan , Yang Yi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Surface lattice resonances (SLRs) have been widely studied in optical field in recent years but none in microwave field. Meanwhile, some multi-band low-permittivity all-dielectric metamaterial absorbers (ADMMAs) fabricated by machining have been reported recently in microwave band and exhibited similar characteristics with SLRs. Considering this, microwave SLRs are investigated here and a dual-band low-permittivity ADMMA with a period of 20 mm is designed accordingly and fabricated by 3D printing. The simulation result shows an anomaly at 15 GHz and two absorption peaks at 11.35 GHz and 14.45 GHz, respectively. It can be discerned from simulation that the peak at lower frequency results from the magnetic dipole resonances inside individual elements, while the peak at higher frequency results from microwave SLR. The measured result is agreed with the simulated one, indicating that 3D printing is a better alternative for the fabrication of low-permittivity ADMMAs due to its several advantages. In addition, the absorption peaks are quite sensitive to the surrounding environment, which are suitable for microwave sensing applications. It can be expected that this work will help to guide the design of numerous metamaterials whose periods of arrays are close to wavelengths.
Role of vacancies in tuning the electronic and magnetic properties of BiCoO3
Authors: Kumari Manisha , Jindal Kajal , Tomar Monika , Jha Pradip K 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Effect of vacancies on structural, electronic and magnetic properties of BiCoO3 (BCO) have been studied using first principles calculations. Formation energy calculation suggest that VBi is stabilized in −2 charge state with no net change in magnetization and is likely to be formed spontaneously. VCo is stabilized in −1 state under O-poor conditions and exhibits various transition levels under O-rich conditions leads to a net magnetization. VO are formed readily under O-poor conditions with 0 and +2 charge state. Under O-rich conditions, VO(1) is stabilized in 0 and +1 states with a change in magnetization and leads to a net magnetization of 2 μ
B (0.25 μB per formula unit), and VO(2) is stabilized as 0 and +2 charge states with no change in net magnetization. DOS shows that VBi leads to the formation of acceptor levels which may be responsible for p-type conduction, on the other hand, VO(2) leads to the formation of deep traps in BCO.
Non-Gaussianity in inflationary scenarios for primordial black holes
Authors: Davies Matthew W. , Carrilho Pedro , Mulryne David J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Working in an idealised framework in which a series of
phases of evolution defined by the second slow-roll parameter η
are matched together, we calculate the reduced bispectrum, f
NL,
for models of inflation with a large peak in their primordial power
spectra. We find f
NL is typically approximately constant over
scales at which the peak is located, and provide an analytic
approximation for this value. This allows us to identify the
conditions under which f
NL is large enough to have a significant
impact on the resulting production of primordial black holes (PBHs)
and scalar induced gravitational waves (SIGWs). Together with
analytic formulae for the gradient of the rise and fall in the power
spectrum, this provides a toolkit for designing or quickly analysing
inflationary models that produce PBHs and SIGWs.
Two states of liquid water with a qualitative difference in behavior of saturated vapor pressure
Authors: Konyukhov Vadim K , Stepanov Eugene V 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A new analysis method of the liquid water state based on testing of saturated water vapor extracted from the surface of the liquid phase is proposed. The method uses transport properties of water vapor flow when water vapor passes through a vacuum valve. The method allows you to divide the states of liquid water samples into rest or restless ones. Restless water is obtained from rest water by mechanical influence on it, for example, vibration or mixing. The return time of restless water to a rest state was estimated based on experimental data.
Conserved Gross–Pitaevskii equations with a parabolic potential
Authors: Liu Shi-min , Zhang Da-jun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
An integrable Gross–Pitaevskii equation with a parabolic potential is presented where particle density ∣u∣2 is conserved. We also present an integrable vector Gross–Pitaevskii system with a parabolic potential, where the total particle density

∑

j
=
1

n

∣

u

j

∣

2

is conserved. These equations are related to nonisospectral scalar and vector nonlinear Schrödinger equations. Infinitely many conservation laws are obtained. Gauge transformations between the standard isospectral nonlinear Schrödinger equations and the conserved Gross–Pitaevskii equations, both scalar and vector cases are derived. Solutions and dynamics are analyzed and illustrated. Some solutions exhibit features of localized-like waves.