bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 on the 2021 Orthopaedic Surgery Match Outcomes
Authors: Maxson Ridge , Ghali Miriyam , Leland Christopher R. , Toci Gregory R. , McDaniel Claire , LaPorte Dawn M. , Aiyer Amiethab A. 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the 2021 orthopaedic surgery residency match outcomes. Because in-person away rotations and interviews were canceled during the 2020 to 2021 application cycle, we hypothesized that applicants would match at their home program at a higher rate in 2021 than in previous years.

Methods:
We queried allopathic orthopaedic surgery residency websites and social media accounts for names of residents and medical school information for cohorts matching from 2017 through 2021. To assess availability of and participation in virtual away rotations, we administered a survey to Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education–accredited allopathic orthopaedic surgery residency programs. The primary outcome was the annual proportion of applicants matching at the program affiliated with their medical school (“home program”). Subgroup analyses were stratified by Doximity reputation ranking and availability of a virtual away rotation.

Results:
We identified 2,632 residents who matched between 2017 and 2020 and 698 residents who matched in 2021. Overall home program match rate and likelihood of home matching were higher in 2021 compared with 2017 to 2020 (28% vs. 20%; odds ratio [OR] = 1.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24-1.82, p < 0.001). The increase in the home match rate at programs ranked in the top 30 (27% vs. 20%, p = 0.034) was similar to the increase at programs ranked outside the top 30 (28% vs. 20%, p < 0.001). Of the 66 (48%) programs that responded to the survey, 16 (24%) offered a virtual away rotation. Programs with a higher Doximity ranking were more likely than lower-ranked programs to offer a virtual away rotation (OR = 6.75, 95% CI 1.95-23.4, p = 0.003). Home match rates did not differ significantly between programs that offered a virtual away rotation and those that did not (26% vs. 32%, p = 0.271).

Conclusions:
A higher proportion of orthopaedic surgery residency applicants matched at their home program in 2021 compared with previous years. Limitations on in-person activities due to the COVID-19 pandemic may have contributed to this rise.

Level of Evidence:
N/A.
Blood Flow Restriction Therapy
Authors: Watson Richard , Sullivan Breanna , Stone Austin , Jacobs Cale , Malone Terry , Heebner Nicholas , Noehren Brian 
Published: October 2022

» Blood flow restriction therapy (BFRT) involves the application of a pneumatic tourniquet cuff to the proximal portion of the arm or leg. This restricts arterial blood flow while occluding venous return, which creates a hypoxic environment that induces many physiologic adaptations.» BFRT is especially useful in postoperative rehabilitation because it produces muscular hypertrophy and strength gains without the need for heavy-load exercises that are contraindicated after surgery.» Low-load resistance training with BFRT may be preferable to low-load or high-load training alone because it leads to comparable increases in strength and hypertrophy, without inducing muscular edema or increasing pain.
Artificial Intelligence in Modern Orthopaedics
Authors: Hui Aaron T. , Alvandi Leila M. , Eleswarapu Ananth S. , Fornari Eric D. 
Published: October 2022

» With increasing computing power, artificial intelligence (AI) has gained traction in all aspects of health care delivery. Orthopaedics is no exception because the influence of AI technology has become intricately linked with its advancement as evidenced by increasing interest and research.» This review is written for the orthopaedic surgeon to develop a better understanding of the main clinical applications and potential benefits of AI within their day-to-day practice.» A brief and easy-to-understand foundation for what AI is and the different terminology used within the literature is first provided, followed by a summary of the newest research on AI applications demonstrating increased accuracy and convenience in risk stratification, clinical decision-making support, and robotically assisted surgery.
Recidiva y movimiento dental involuntario después del tratamiento de ortodoncia en personas con retenedores fijos: Una revisión
Authors: Chacón-Moreno Alicia , Ramírez-Mejía María Jimena , Zorrilla-Mattos Ana Carolina 
Published: October 2022

Los ortodoncistas deben informar completamente a los pacientes sobre las implicaciones del tratamiento de ortodoncia y la subsiguiente necesidad de retención. Esta revisión brinda una actualización sobre las recidivas, los movimientos no deseados y los diferentes factores que pueden causar la pérdida de estabilidad después del tratamiento de ortodoncia. Dado que es difícil predecir qué pacientes presentarán algún grado de pérdida de estabilidad después del tratamiento, es importante que sean tratados como si tuvieran un alto potencial de recaída. La presente revisión incluyó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las principales fuentes de revisión científica, incluyendo Medline vía PubMed, Scopus y la biblioteca Cochrane. La estrategia de búsqueda se llevó a cabo hasta el 5 de mayo de 2022. Solo 34 estudios cumplieron con los criterios de selección. Nuestros resultados mostraron que mantener los dientes en la posición correcta después del tratamiento de ortodoncia es un gran desafío para los ortodoncistas. La etiología de la recaída es compleja y aún no está claramente establecida. Su origen se atribuye a factores como el tiempo de reorganización del tejido gingival y periodontal, y a los cambios producidos por el crecimiento, comprometiendo la estabilidad de los resultados alcanzados con el tratamiento de ortodoncia. La fase de retención es necesaria después del tratamiento de ortodoncia para evitar la recaída o la pérdida de los resultados de oclusión obtenidos. Sin embargo, los retenedores fijos pueden inducir un movimiento dental no deseado que puede ocurrir a pesar de que estos retenedores estén colocados e intactos. Actualmente, no hay consenso entre los ortodoncistas con respecto al tipo de alambre ideal para la contención fija. Concluimos que la recidiva postratamiento de ortodoncia es el resultado de una regresión hacia la maloclusión original. Sin embargo, también pueden ocurrir cambios en la posición de los dientes que se consideran movimientos no deseados y tienen un origen multifactorial.
Graph Inductive Inference of Personalized Content for Out-of-matrix Users Via Content Baskets
Authors: Sun Michael , Wang Andrew 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Guest users are common in real world applications, requiring industrial recommendation systems to handle the "cold start" problem, where no existing interactions between new users and recommendable items can be drawn from to make predictions. Prior work addresses this problem by learning profiling user representations to bootstrap recommendations for new users. However, this process can often be invasive, requiring new users to submit personal data, or shallow, yielding unexpressive representations for accurate recommendations. In this work, we propose new representations for guest users based on their ``content basket’'. A set of seed items is submitted by the user to use the service, allowing each user to be represented as a function of a collection of items. Simultaneously, we design a graph representation space, where items (nodes) are connected by edges that signify joint, written recommendations between items. We propose a graph neural network architecture that inductively learns item and inter-item (edge) representations as a combination of deep language encodings of textual content descriptions and graph embeddings learned via message passing on the edges. This enables effective generalization to items unseen during training. To evaluate our model and demonstrate a novel application, we present a new dataset for anime recommendations, AnimeULike, containing anonymized interactions between ~13k users and 10k animes, and the accompanying recommendation engine which can exclusively serve guest users. Our empirical results on AnimeULike and a standard recommender systems benchmark demonstrate significant performance improvements over previous cold start solutions that do not learn to dynamically represent new users.
Statistical modelling of precipitation data in Canadian Prairies with a dynamic mixture structure
Authors: Mazjini Maral , Bae Taehan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The present paper aims to model statistical structure of heavy-tailed precipitation data. In particular for agricultural purposes in Canadian Prairies, this is essential in many aspects such as assessing and managing risks resulting from the occurrence of unexpected precipitation events. Daily (or weekly) precipitation time series often contain many zeros (on dry days) and also exhibit important characteristics such as heavy-tailedness and volatility clustering. These features make it challenging to develop an effective model from both theoretical and practical viewpoints. In this paper, we propose a dynamic mixture model constructed based on a generalized Gaussian crack distribution with a GARCH specification to take into account the full range of precipitation measurements with a sufficient flexibility to fit both thin and heavy-tailed data, and stochastic volatility. The method of maximum likelihood estimation with the profile log-likelihood algorithm is illustrated with some simulation studies. The model fitting results on a historical data set from twelve stations in Canadian prairies show the applicability of the proposed model.
Data Driven Contagion Risk Management in Low- Income Countries: Machine Learning Applications with COVID-19 in South Asia
Authors: Shonchoy Abu , Mahzab Moogdho , Mahmood Towhid , Ali Manhal 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Efforts to contain future pandemics (and epidemics) and managing their far-reaching adverse consequences require early warning systems, efficient planning, and targeted policy interventions. Lacking timely data with inadequate health capacity make resource-limited countries’ communicable disease management and planning difficult. We proposed a cost-effective and data-driven Contagion Risk Index (CR-Index) strategy founded on communicable disease spreadability vectors. Utilizing the daily district-level COVID-19 data (positive cases and deaths) from 2020–2022, we derived the CR-Index for South Asia (India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh) and identified potential infection hotspots, marked as "red zones" – aiding policymakers with efficient mitigation planning. Across the study period the week-by-week and fixed-effects regressions demonstrate a strong correlation between the proposed CR-Index and district-wise COVID-19 epidemiology data. We validated the CR-Index using machine learning methods by evaluating the out-of-sample predictive performance of the CR-Index. Machine learning driven validation shows strong predictive support for the CR-Index and can distinguish districts with high-risk COVID-19 cases/deaths for more than 85% of the time. Our proposed simple and replicable CR-Index is an easily interpretable tool that can help low-income countries to prioritize resource mobilization to contain the disease spread and associated crisis management, with global relevance and applicability.
Tropical Cyclone Tracking and Forecasting Using BiGRU [TCTFB]
Authors: Khandelwal Aryan , S Ramya R , S Ayushi , R Bhumika , P Adhoksh , Jhawar Keshav , Shah Ayush , R Venugopal K 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Cyclones are one of the deadliest natural calamities capable of causing immense destruction. Knowing about natural disasters like cyclones in advancehelps in planning and preparations as they can beextremely dangerous. Numerous methods have beendeveloped in the past to track cyclones and gaugetheir severity after eye formation. The purpose ofthis paper is to track the movement of cyclones beforethe eye formation to avert cyclone-related damage ina fast and efficient way. This paper majorly focuseson cyclone forecasting before the formation of the eyewhich is a difficult task and demands effectiveness.The INSAT-3D satellite pictures consisting of IR andvisible images are analyzed and segmented using Detectron. Comparisons have been made between various alternate models, including CNN-LSTM and ahybrid model that combines CNN and BidirectionalLSTM. The model put forth in this paper is a combination of CNN and Bidirectional-GRU. The hybridmodel of CNN and Bidirectional GRU is trained onthe INSAT-3D dataset to estimate the next positionof the cyclone. The suggested model’s experimental results show an MSE of 1613.65 and an SSMI of(1.0,1.0).
Health System Readiness to Manage Maternal Death Data and Avail Evidence for Decision-Making Through Maternal Death Surveillance System in Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Endris Abduilhafiz A. , Tilahun Tizita 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: - Maternal mortality remains a major health problem in Ethiopia. To generate contextual evidence, Maternal Death Surveillance and Response system was introduced in 2013. This assessment is conducted to describe the health system's readiness to avail evidence for decision-making through MDSR system in Ethiopia.
Method: - Cross-sectional study designed using the modified WHO framework for evaluating disease surveillance systems was used. Using a multistage sampling, 631 health facilities and 539 health posts were selected. Pretested survey questionnaires designed using ODK software were used. Trained field epidemiology residents were used for data collection from September 2019 to April 2020. Text descriptions, graphs, maps, and tables were used to present the study findings.
Findings: - Final study finding shows that 400 (77.1 percent) health facilities and 264 (71.5 percent) health posts claimed that they are implementing the MDSR system. Of the total implementing health facilities, 349 (87.3 percent) of them have a death review committee, and only 42 (12.4 %) were functional. About 89.4% of health centers and 79.4% of hospitals had sub-optimal readiness for maternal death identification and notification. Among implementing health posts, 39 (14%) and 231 (87.5%), of them had locally translated community case definitions and established mechanisms for receiving death reports from the community. Only 23 (6.96 percent) and 18 (26.47 percent) MDSR implementing health centers and hospitals had optimal readiness to investigate and review maternal deaths. Additionally, surveillance officers and HEWs at 6 (1.5 percent) and 24 (9.1 percent) systems implementing health facilities and health posts were engaged in data analysis and evidence generation at least once during 2019/20.
Conclusions and Recommendations: - Sub-optimal MDSR system implementation is registered. Revitalizing the system by addressing all system components is critical. Having a national-level roadmap for MDSR system implementation and mobilizing all available resources and stakeholders to facilitate this is vital. It is also critical to establish a system for routine data quality monitoring and assurance integrated with the existing PHEM structure. Having a system for routine capacity building, advocacy, and monitoring and evaluation of the availability and functionality of MDSR committees at health facilities are all critical.
Association between blood eosinophil count and Duchenne muscular dystrophy severity and prognosis: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jiang Zhi , Liao Hongmei , Wu Liwen , Hu Wenjing , Yang Liming , Chen Bo , Ning Zeshu , Tang Jingwen , Xu Rong , Chen Mei , Guo Feng , Liu Shulei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy(DMD) is a rare hereditary muscular disease. The role of eosinophils in DMD has not been clarified. This study aims to evaluate the association between peripheral blood eosinophil count and severity and prognosis of DMD.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed for 145 DMD patients between January 2012 and December 2020. Clinical data of 150 healthy children were collected as a control group. Logistic regression and Cox regression analyses were used to explore the influences of eosinophil count on DMD severity and prognosis.
Results: Eosinophil countin DMD group was lower than the contr-ol group (Z=2.163,P=0.031). It was negatively correlated with Vign-os scale score, Spearman correlation coefficient was ρ=-0.245, P=0.040 (at admission), ρ=-0.137, P=0.032 (at follow-up); was a protec-tive factor for high Vignos scale score at admission [odds ratio (OR)=0.038,95%CI:(0.002-0.752), P=0.032] and follow-up (OR=0.033,95%CI:0.001-0.121, P=0.039). The Cox regression analysis indicated that elevated eosinophil count was correlated with better therapeuticefficacy for DMD patients [hazard ratio (HR)=1.127,95%CI:1.109-1.246, P=0.020].
Conclusion: Eosinophil count in peripheral blood was correlated with the severity of DMD. It could indicate the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of DMD patients to a certain extent. Eosinophils may be a potentially valuable biomarker or therapeutic target for DMD.
Stretching attenuates tumor growth and improves tumor-associated collagen signatures in mouse orthotopic PyMT cancer model
Authors: Berrueta Lisbeth R. , Thompson Rebecca D. , Doyle Andrew D. , Badger Gary J. , Langevin Helene M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Both mechanical forces and tumor-associated stroma architecture have been demonstrated to impact the growth and invasiveness of cancer cells. Tumor associated collagen signatures (TACS) aligned perpendicular to the boundary of tumors promote local tumor invasiveness in mouse mammary tumor models and are associated with a poor prognosis in humans breast cancer. A previous study showed that daily gentle stretching for 10 minutes reduced the growth of p53/PTEN-/- orthotopic mouse mammary tumors by 50%. In this study, we hypothesized that a similar stretching intervention would reduce both tumor growth and perpendicular collagen fibers at the tumor boundary. We tested this in a more aggressive orthotopic MMTV-PyMT mammary tumor model allowing us to test the effect of stretching on metastases. Stretching reduced average tumor volume by 40% and 33%, measured by caliper and ultrasound, respectively (p < .001). There was no significant effect of stretching on the number of lung metastases. The percentages of collagen fibers oriented parallel (TACS2) and perpendicular (TACS3) to the tumor were respectively higher and lower in the stretch group, resulting in an increased TACS 2/TACS 3 ratio in stretch vs. no-stretch groups (p = .04). These results suggest that stretching could modify the tumor-surrounding matrix potentially impacting disease outcome.
PsicAP transdiagnostic protocol of group cognitive-behavioral training for emotional disorders in Dominican Republic: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol
Authors: García-Batista Zoilo Emilio , Cantisano-Guzmán Luisa Marilia , Guerra-Peña Kiero , Alvarez Adriana , Moretti Luciana , Cano-Vindel Antonio , Muñoz-Navarro Roger , Baltra Ricardo Araya 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Emotional disorders (ED) such as anxiety, depression and somatization are extremely prevalent disorders that can affect an individual’s quality of life and functionality. Primary Health Care (PHC) is the first place to identify most patients with these conditions. Mental health services in the Dominican Republic, as well as in Latin America and the Caribbean in general, are unable to provide appropriate care for most people with mental disorders. Using evidence-based treatment protocols is also crucial to make progress in helping people with ED. The PsicAP project is a group intervention that uses a transdiagnostic approach and is grounded in cognitive-behavioral techniques. The program is implemented in 7 group sessions, each lasting for one and a half hours. The program has been shown to be effective in reducing clinical symptoms, dysfunction, and in improving quality of life. It is also a non-time-intensive, low-cost treatment that is helpful for addressing EDs in a PHC context. The objective is to bring psychological treatments into PHC facilities of Dominican Republic, making them more accessible for a larger amount of the population.
Efficacy of a four-curve auxiliary arch at preventing maxillary central incisor linguoclination during orthodontic treatment: A finite element analysis
Authors: Yang Pingzhu , Bai Liyun , Zhang Hexuan , Liu Yu , Zhao Wenjun , Wen Xiujie , Liu Rui 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The correct torque of the incisors helps assess the effect of orthodontic treatment; however, evaluating it effectively remains a challenge. Improper anterior teeth torque angle can cause cortical bone fracture and root exposure.
Methods
A three-dimensional finite element model of the maxillary central incisor torque controlled by a self-made four-curvature auxiliary arch was established, And the experiments were divided to simulate four different group: (1) molar ligation group ; (2) micro-implant ligation group; (3) molar retraction group ༛(4) micro-implant retraction group༛and the retracted traction force was set at 1.15 N. The displacement of the maxillary dentition and periodontal ligament stress values were analyzed with different torque forces (0.5 N, 1 N, 1.5 N, 2 N) placed on the incisors.
Results
Provided the absence of a tooth extraction gap, when the four-curvature auxiliary arch was used in conjunction with absolute anchorage, the recommended force value was of < 1.5 N. when maxillary central incisor retraction, a force value of < 1 N was recommended. In the case of no-implant anchorage, whether there is tooth extraction gap or not, the recommended force value was of < 1 N. The stress on the other teeth did not exceed the value of that on the periodontal ligament. The effect of using the four-curvature on the incisors was significant.
Conclusions
The proposed approach may help improve treatment maxillary central incisor for poor torque and avoid cortical bone fracture and root exposure
Efficacy and safety of LongdanXiegan Decoction on the Treatment of chronic prostatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Fenghua , Chui Hinsan , Sun XiangJuan , Wang Ying 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background:
Chronic prostatitis (CP) is one of the most common diseases in urology. Longdanxiegan decoction (LDXGD), a classical formula of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been widely used for chronic prostatitis patients with the damp invasion of lower energizer syndrome in China, and the effects were satisfactory. However, there is still no clear understanding of its clinical effects.
Purpose:
This study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of LDXGD for chronic prostatitis.
Methods:
Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine disc (CBMdisc), China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, and VIP database were searched from their inceptions to August 11, 2022 to identify RCTs that inspected the efficacy of LDXGD on chronic prostatitis.
Results:
12 trials totaling 1314 patients were identified for analysis. Meta-analysis showed that LDXGD treatment was more effective (RR=1.31, 95%CI (1.18, 1.45), P<0.00001) and cure rate (RR=1.79, 95%CI (1.52,2.12), P<0.00001) than western medicine. Meanwhile, LDXGD had reduced NIH-CPS score, such as the total score, pain domain score, urinary domain score, and QoL domain score. Besides, LDXGD was more effective in improving EPS - WBC count. LDXGD safety remained unknown.
Conclusions:
According to preclinical evidence, LDXGD could be an effective and promising treatment for chronic prostatitis. In addition, more well-designed studies are needed to confirm this conclusion.
Trial registration: PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022347076.