bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Does Topicality Affect the Choice of Referential Form? Evidence From Mandarin
Authors: Lam Suet‐Ying , Hwang Heeju 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMany models of reference production suggest that speakers tend to use a reduced referential form, such as a pronoun, to signal the topicality of a particular referent, that is, the Topichood Hypothesis. However, little is known about the precise nature of the mapping between topichood and referential form and the mechanisms by which topichood affects referential form. The current study aims to address these issues by investigating how topicality influences different kinds of reduced expressions, namely, null and overt pronouns in Mandarin. We manipulated topicality using a left‐dislocation structure in Experiment 1. We found that topicality increased the use of null pronouns, but not overt pronouns. This suggests that topicality may increase only the most reduced expression available in a given language. Experiment 2 examined whether the topicality effect was related to predictability. We found that participants used more null pronouns for less predictable referents. We suggest that the topicality effect could be better explained by an accessibility mechanism.
Accessibility and visibility of genetic testing for haemophilia across Europe: Where do we stand?
Authors: Lannoy Nathalie , Hermans Cedric 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionHaemophilia is characterized by bleeding complications resulting from clotting factor VIII (FVIII) or IX (FIX) deficiency. Identifying the causal pathogenic genetic variant denotes a vital aspect of haemophilia management.AimThis study evaluated the accessibility and performances of genetic testing for haemophilia across Europe. The types of genetic analyses, techniques used, turn‐around time (TAT) and costs were collected and analysed, as were data updating and quality control.MethodsReported data were retrieved from open access resources, including international databases, Google, laboratory websites, PubMed and government organizations.ResultsOverall, 51 genetic laboratories across 15 European countries providing recently updated molecular haemophilia testing were identified. Gene sequencing for small variants of both F8 and F9 genes was provided in most surveyed laboratories. Almost two‐thirds of them offer analysis for inversions using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and detection of copy number variation (CNV) using multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Cost and TAT were found to vary considerably. In total, 74% of laboratories exhibited a last modified date or change history. The same percentage of laboratories was in possession of an ISO 15189 standard accreditation, whereas only few of them recently performed external quality assessment schemes (EQA) for haemophilia.ConclusionDespite several initiatives to improve access to genetic testing for haemophilia, such access must still be improved. Our study similarly revealed the large heterogeneity of the variants tested, techniques employed, TAT, cost and quality among the surveyed laboratories.
Kikuchi disease with an exuberant proliferation of large T‐cells: a study of 25 cases that can mimic T‐Cell lymphoma
Authors: Yu Fang , Ba Xiaoqun , Yang Hanjin , Huang Ke , Zhang Yafei , Zhang Han , Xu Liming , Wang Jinghan , Wang Lijun , Wang Zhaoming , Fang Hong , Medeiros L Jeffrey , Wang Wei 
Published: October 2022

Exuberant large T‐cell proliferations in Kikuchi disease can potentially be misdiagnosed as lymphoma. In this study, we explore their clinicopathological features and summarize key points that can be used to distinguish them from T‐cell lymphoma. The cohort consisted of 25 cases of Kikuchi disease with an exuberant large T‐cell proliferation, which, in part, mimicked lymphoma. The median age was 25 years with a female:male ratio of 4:1. By B‐scan ultrasonography, patients presented with either isolated lymphadenopathy (68%) involving the cervical and axillary regions or generalized lymphadenopathy (32%). Histologically, lymph nodes showed paracortical and interfollicular expansion by sheets of large cells associated with karyorrhectic debris. Histiocytes and plasmacytoid dendritic cells were present in the background. No case showed complete effacement of lymph node architecture. The large cells were CD8‐positive cytotoxic T‐cells with a high proliferation rate. These T‐cells showed decreased BCL‐2 in 17 (68%) cases. CD5 expression was decreased in 10 (40%) cases. Histiocytes in the background were positive for myeloperoxidase. Clonal TRG and/or TRB rearrangements were detected in 2 of 10 (20%) cases. In conclusion, large T‐cell proliferations in Kikuchi disease can be alarming at the morphologic and immunophenotypic levels and need to be distinguished from T‐cell lymphoma. Clinical features helpful in the differential diagnosis include young patients and lymphadenopathy involving the cervical and axillary regions. Major pathologic features helpful in this differential diagnosis include partial involvement of the lymph node and the presence of karyorrhectic debris, crescent‐shaped histiocytes, and/or loose aggregates of plasmacytoid dendritic cells.
Using techniques of neutralisation to maintain contact: The experiences of loved ones supporting remand prisoners
Authors: Masson Isla , Booth Natalie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article proposes that loved ones supporting prisoners with experience of remand in England and Wales may use Sykes & Matza's (1957) ‘techniques of neutralization’ by proxy. Adopting neutralisations may enable those in prison to be viewed not as those who have harmed, or bad people, but as those who themselves have been harmed. Potential benefits of these techniques are twofold: they help to reject stigma; and explain and enable continued contact. This framework may be a useful basis for work exploring familial contact and support for those affected by imprisonment.
Zircon trace‐element compositions in Miocene granitoids in Japan: Discrimination diagrams for zircons in M‐, I‐, S‐, and A‐type granites
Authors: Sawaki Yusuke , Asanuma Hisashi , Sakata Shuhei , Abe Mariko , Ohno Takeshi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDetrital zircons demonstrate high resistance to alteration and, as such retain information about their formation ages and parental magmas for a long period of time. Geochemical researchers have proposed a wide variety of discrimination diagrams applicable to detrital zircons. In our research, we focused on the conventional classification scheme for granites (Mantle, M; Igneous, I; Sedimentary, S; and Alkaline, A types) and sought to characterize zircon trace‐element compositions that are sensitive to differences among these granite types. To accomplish this, we examined trace‐element compositions of zircons extracted from granitoids in the Ohmine granitic rocks and the Ashizuri plutonic complex in southwestern Japan. The zircons showed systematic differences in Nb/P, Ta/P, Ce/P, Ce/Nd, Y/P, Th/U, and Sc/Yb ratios and the Eu anomaly. Zircons in A‐type granite are rich in Nb, Ta, Ce, and Y, and their signatures clearly reflect those elements in their parental bodies. Sc/Yb ratios of zircons in A‐type granites are <0.1, which is similar to those of ocean‐island‐type zircons. Despite their high abundance at the whole‐rock level, zircons in S‐type granite are characterized by low Nb/P, Ta/P, and Th/U ratios. This is attributable to the depletion of Nb, Ta, and Th in the magma by ilmenite and monazite prior to zircon crystallization. In general, S‐type granitic magmas exhibit reducing environments, which decrease the proportions of Ce4+ and Eu3+. These effects lead to a low Ce/Nd ratio and a large negative Eu anomaly in S‐type zircons. On the basis of these findings, we recommend the combined use of Nb/P–Ce/P or Ta/P–Ce/P crossplots and of Sc/Yb ratios to discriminate zircons in M‐, I‐, S‐, and A‐type granites. Although the crossplots are created using data from Miocene granitoids in Japan, the discrimination diagrams are based on the general features of each type of granite.
Variability among commercial batches of normal pooled plasma in lupus anticoagulant testing
Authors: Cabo Julien , Morimont Laure , Baudar Justine , Guldenpfennig Maité , Jacqmin Hugues , Soleimani Reza , Lecompte Thomas , Douxfils Jonathan , Mullier François 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionLupus anticoagulant (LA) testing requires normal pooled plasma (NPP) in performing mixing studies and can be used for normalized ratios of clotting times (CTs). The aims were to demonstrate whether significant differences in clotting times between two batches of a same commercial NPP (CRYOcheck™) directly affect NPP‐based cut‐off values.MethodsDiluted Russell Viper venom time (DRVVT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were used for LA testing. Screening, mixing and confirm tests were performed with Stago® instruments and reagents. Two batches of commercial NPP (A1291 and A1301 from CRYOcheck™; frozen) were compared in the determination of cut‐off values. Cut‐off values were defined as 99th percentile values of 60 healthy donors and compared with Mann–Whitney U test.ResultsCut‐off values obtained with the two NPP batches were significantly different for DRVVT (screen normalized ratio: 1.09 vs. 1.24, screen mix: 41.9 s vs. 38.9 s; index of circulating anticoagulant: 5.0 vs. 8.4; all had p‐value <.001). On the contrary, no significant differences were observed for aPTT (screen normalized ratio: 1.32 vs. 1.34; p‐value = .4068, screen mix: 37.8 s vs. 38.1 s; p‐value = .1153) except for index of circulating anticoagulant: 9.6 versus 10.4 (p‐value <.05).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that differences between two commercial NPP batches produced by a same manufacturer influenced LA cut‐off values used for mixing studies and normalized ratios. Adequate cut‐off setting, taking into account NPP CTs, is important to provide accurate conclusion about the presence or absence of a LA and avoid potential clinical impact.
Short‐term complications and post‐acute sequelae in hospitalized paediatric patients with COVID‐19 and obesity: A multicenter cohort study
Authors: Valenzuela Gonzalo , Alarcón‐Andrade Gonzalo , Schulze‐Schiapacasse Clara , Rodríguez Rocío , García‐Salum Tamara , Pardo‐Roa Catalina , Levican Jorge , Serrano Eileen , Avendaño María José , Gutiérrez Monserrat , Godoy Loreto , Céspedes Pamela , Bermudez Sandra , Aravena Javiera , Nicolaides Irini , Martínez Eliana , Gómez‐Canobbio Constanza , Jofré Macarena , Salinas Andrea , Depaoli Daniela , Loza Carolina , Muñoz Andrés , Ormazábal Natalia , Manzur Diana , Barriga José , Almonacid Leonardo I. , Poblete‐Cárdenas Estefany , Salinas Erick , Muñoz‐Marcos Andrés , Barja Salesa , Medina Rafael A. 
Published: October 2022

SummaryBackgroundObesity increases the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 illness in adults. The role of obesity in short‐term complications and post‐acute sequelae in children is not well defined.ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between obesity and short‐term complications and post‐acute sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in hospitalized paediatric patients.MethodsAn observational study was conducted in three tertiary hospitals, including paediatric hospitalized patients with a confirmatory SARS‐CoV‐2 RT‐PCR from March 2020 to December 2021. Obesity was defined according to WHO 2006 (0–2 years) and CDC 2000 (2–20 years) growth references. Short‐term outcomes were intensive care unit admission, ventilatory support, superinfections, acute kidney injury, and mortality. Neurological, respiratory, and cardiological symptoms and/or delayed or long‐term complications beyond 4 weeks from the onset of symptoms were considered as post‐acute sequalae. Adjusted linear, logistic regression and generalized estimating equations models were performed.ResultsA total of 216 individuals were included, and 67 (31.02%) of them had obesity. Obesity was associated with intensive care unit admission (aOR = 5.63, CI95% 2.90–10.94), oxygen requirement (aOR = 2.77, CI95% 1.36–5.63), non‐invasive ventilatory support (aOR = 6.81, CI95% 2.11–22.04), overall superinfections (aOR = 3.02 CI95% 1.45–6.31), and suspected bacterial pneumonia (aOR = 3.00 CI95% 1.44–6.23). For post‐acute sequalae, obesity was associated with dyspnea (aOR = 9.91 CI95% 1.92–51.10) and muscle weakness (aOR = 20.04 CI95% 2.50–160.65).ConclusionsIn paediatric hospitalized patients with COVID‐19, severe short‐term outcomes and post‐acute sequelae are associated with obesity. Recognizing obesity as a key comorbidity is essential to develop targeted strategies for prevention of COVID‐19 complications in children.
Age‐related macular degeneration: A disease of extracellular complement amplification
Authors: de Jong Sarah , Tang Jiaqi , Clark Simon J. 
Published: October 2022

SummaryAge‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of vision impairment in the Western World, and with the aging world population, its incidence is increasing. As of today, for the majority of patients, no treatment exists. Multiple genetic and biochemical studies have shown a strong association with components in the complement system and AMD, and evidence suggests a major role of remodeling of the extracellular matrix underlying the outer blood/retinal barrier. As part of the innate immune system, the complement cascade acts as a first‐line defense against pathogens, and upon activation, its amplification loop ensures a strong, rapid, and sustained response. Excessive activation, however, can lead to host tissue damage and cause complement‐associated diseases like AMD. AMD patients present with aberrant activation of the alternative pathway, especially in ocular tissues but also on a systemic level. Here, we review the latest findings of complement activation in AMD, and we will discuss in vivo observations made in human tissue, cellular models, the potential synergy of different AMD‐associated pathways, and conclude on current clinical trials and the future outlook.
A supply chain management framework for services
Authors: Enz Matias G. , Lambert Douglas M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhile services represent the largest sector of the global economy, 86.8% in the United States, most supply chain management (SCM) research is focused on product flows. Executives in manufacturing firms have benefited from frameworks created to implement SCM processes, but this is not the case for their counterparts in service companies. The two most cited SCM frameworks for services have methodological and conceptual deficiencies. Drawing upon the service‐dominant logic of marketing and using an empirical research approach, we developed supply chain structure maps for nine service firms. Our findings indicate that the supply chain structure maps of service companies are comparable to those in the product‐based literature, which supports the service‐dominant logic. Then, we identified the six key processes that constitute a framework to manage service supply chains. The customer relationship management and the supplier relationship management processes form the critical links in the supply chain, and the other four processes are coordinated through this linkage. The SCM framework for services provides direction for executives in service firms who need to increase cross‐functional integration within their firms and with other members of the supply chain. For academics, 12 avenues for future research are identified.
The United Kingdom: Turning its Back on Influencing the EU?
Authors: Phinnemore David 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWithdrawal from the European Union (EU) has seen the United Kingdom (UK) abandon membership of and formal influence over policy making in the EU and pursue a policy of disintegration from and minimal commitments towards the EU. Although the UK–EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement is strikingly lacking in ambition, it does involve a dense and complex institutional framework to manage relations. Moreover, the post‐Brexit UK–EU relationship includes a unique set of arrangements that keep Northern Ireland in the EU's customs territory and internal market for goods. These arrangements involve dynamic regulatory alignment and are managed by a dedicated institutional set‐up that has the potential at least to provide the UK ‘in respect of Northern Ireland’ with a particular decision‐shaping role with regard to applicable areas of the EU acquis. This article considers the initial operation of these sets of institutional frameworks and their potential for UK influence over the EU.
Association between complementary food introduction before age 4 months and body mass index at age 5–7 years: A retrospective population‐based longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Ha Eun Kyo , Kim Ju Hee , Baek Hey‐Sung , Lee Eun , Baek Ji Hyeon , Shim Somin , Kim Young Hyeon , Moreno Luis A. , Lee Seung Won , Han Man Yong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal time of starting complementary foods (CFs) in infants remains a subject of debate. This population‐based longitudinal cohort study evaluated the association between early CF introduction and body mass index (BMI) in children aged 5–7 years.MethodsThe present study included 917,707 children born in Korea during 2008–2009. Initial timing of CF introduction was obtained by questionnaires administered between 4 and 6 months and 9 and 12 months of age. The cohort consisted of 154,565 eligible individuals who properly completed the screening programme, including structured questionnaires, anthropometric measurements and physical examinations. To balance baseline characteristics, children were subjected to propensity score matching based on 95 covariates, including indicators of baseline health such as perinatal condition, birth weight, economic status, clinical disease and drug exposure. Exposure was defined as introduction to CF at age < 4 months, and outcomes were overweight (BMI z‐score > 85th percentile) and obesity (BMI z‐score > 95th percentile) at ages 5–7 years.ResultsOf the 154,565 eligible children in the observed cohort, 10,499 (6.8%) were introduced to CF at age < 4 months and 144,066 (93.2%) at age ≥ 4 months. Propensity score matching yielded 9680 children introduced to CF at age < 4 months and 35,396 at age ≥ 4 months. The risk for being overweight or obese at age 5–7 years was slightly higher among those who started CF at age < 4 months than at age ≥4 months (adjusted relative risk = 1.06; 95% confidence interval = 1.02–1.09). A similar but stronger association was observed for being obese at age 5–7 years (adjusted relative risk = 1.12; 95% confidence interval = 1.05–1.19).ConclusionsEarly CF introduction before age 4 months was associated with increased BMI at age 5–7 years.
DEMETHYLATION REGULATOR 1 regulates DNA demethylation of the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes
Authors: Wang Zhen , Zheng Hao , Huang Jinguang , Yang Guodong , Yan Kang , Zhang Shizhong , Wu Changai , Zheng Chengchao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractActive DNA demethylation effectively modulates gene expression during plant development and in response to stress. However, little is known about the upstream regulatory factors that regulate DNA demethylation. We determined that the demethylation regulator 1 (demr1) mutant exhibits a distinct DNA methylation profile at selected loci queried by methylation‐sensitive polymerase chain reaction and globally based on whole‐genome bisulfite sequencing. Notably, the transcript levels of the DNA demethylase gene REPRESSOR OF SILENCING 1 (ROS1) were lower in the demr1 mutant. We established that DEMR1 directly binds to the ROS1 promoter in vivo and in vitro, and the methylation level in the DNA methylation monitoring sequence of ROS1 promoter decreased by 60% in the demr1 mutant. About 40% of the hyper‐differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in the demr1 mutant were shared with the ros1‐4 mutant. Genetic analysis indicated that DEMR1 acts upstream of ROS1 to positively regulate abscisic acid (ABA) signaling during seed germination and seedling establishment stages. Surprisingly, the loss of DEMR1 function also caused a rise in methylation levels of the mitochondrial genome, impaired mitochondrial structure and an early flowering phenotype. Together, our results show that DEMR1 is a novel regulator of DNA demethylation of both the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes in response to ABA and plant development in Arabidopsis.
Clinical trial of a birth and parenting planning program for women diagnosed with fetal anomalies: A feasibility study
Authors: Chiba Maki Kitazono , Horiuchi Shigeko , Arimori Naoko 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimWe assessed the feasibility of the Birth and Parenting Planning (BPPing) program we developed to support women diagnosed with fetal anomalies.MethodsWe conducted a feasibility study using a quasi‐experimental, post‐test only, non‐equivalent groups design. We assessed feasibility from four aspects: (1) Demand: birth plan submitting rate (primary outcome); (2) Acceptability: woman's satisfaction of care scale (SATISFACTION) and Visual Analog Scale for care satisfaction; (3) Preliminary efficacy: women's recognition of being able to express and share her hopes scale (HOPES); and (4) Safety: obstetric/neonatal outcomes and frequency of women's referral to a psychological counselor. Fisher's exact test and Mann–Whitney U‐test were used for data analysis.ResultsWe enrolled 62 women with fetal anomalies attending a perinatal medical center for antenatal check‐ups. Of these, 51 women (median age: 34 years) received either the BPPing program (intervention group: n = 25) or the usual care (control group: n = 26). The birth plan submitting rates were 96% (intervention group, 24/25) and 7.7% (control group, 2/26). The intervention group had a significantly higher total score on HOPES at postpartum (U = 441.5, p = 0.027). Upon subgroup analysis based on parity, in the intervention group only, the multiparas had a higher score on the SATISFACTION item, “I would recommend the care I received to someone in a similar situation”. There were no adverse events in either group.ConclusionThe BPPing program was feasible in supporting women diagnosed with fetal anomalies in terms of demand, acceptability, preliminary efficacy, and safety.
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 genetic screening using the vervet (Chlorocebus aethiops) model
Authors: Ngqaneka Thobile , Obikeze Kenechukwu , Magwebu Zandisiwe E. , Chauke Chesa G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene has come to prominence due to its reported function in the clearance of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. The vervet monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops) was utilized to study the genetics of PCSK9 gene.MethodSixteen vervet monkeys were selected to screen for possible PCSK9 polymorphisms and to determine gene expression.ResultsFour PCSK9 sequence variants (T112T, R148S, H177N and G635G) were identified and three of these variants (H177N, R148S, and G635G) were categorized as loss of function mutations. A decline in gene expression levels was also observed in animals harboring these three variants. Although the selected variants might have affected the level of gene expression in the selected animals, individual variation was also noticed in some of these individuals with the G635G variant.ConclusionBased on the findings obtained from this study, it is suggestive that the activity of PCSK9 was hindered.