bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and tolerability of sintilimab plus anlotinib as the second‐line therapy for patients with advanced biliary tract cancers: An open‐label, single‐arm, phase II clinical trial
Authors: Jin Shuiling , Zhao Ruihua , Zhou Chuang , Zhong Qian , Shi Jianxiang , Su Chang , Li Qinglong , Su Xiaoxing , Chi Huabin , Lu Xu , Jiang Guozhong , Chen Renyin , Han Jinming , Jiang Miao , Qiao Shishi , Liu Jingjing , Song Min , Song Lijie , Du Yabing , Chang Zhiwei , Wang Meng , Dong Meilian , Zhong Yali , Yu Pu , Zhang Xiaojian , Zong Hong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPatients with biliary tract cancer (BTC) were associated with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options after first‐line therapy currently. In this study, we sought to evaluate the feasibility and tolerability of sintilimab plus anlotinib as the second‐line treatment for patients with advanced BTC. Eligible patients had histologically confirmed locally advanced unresectable or metastatic BTC and failed after the first‐line treatment were recruited. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Simultaneously, association between clinical outcomes and genomic profiling and gut microbiome were explored to identify the potential biomarkers for this regimen. Twenty patients were consecutively enrolled and received study therapy. The trail met its primary endpoint with a median OS of 12.3 months (95% CI: 10.1‐14.5). Only four (20%) patients were observed of the grade 3 treatment‐related adverse events (TRAEs) and no grade 4 or 5 TRAEs were detected. Mutation of AGO2 was correlated with a significantly longer OS. Abundance of Proteobacteria was associated with inferior clinical response. Therefore, sintilimab plus anlotinib demonstrated encouraging anti‐tumor activity with a tolerable safety profile and deserved to be investigated in larger randomized trials for patients with advanced BTC subsequently.
Polyp detection rate and cumulative incidence of post‐colonoscopy colorectal cancer in Germany
Authors: Schwarz Sarina , Hornschuch Michel , Pox Christian , Haug Ulrike 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStudies have shown that the quality of colonoscopy influences the incidence of post‐colonoscopy colorectal cancer (PCCRC). However, data from Germany on this association are lacking. We aimed to assess cumulative incidence of PCCRC in persons undergoing colonoscopy in Germany according to the physician's polyp detection rate (PDR). Using the German Pharmacoepidemiological Research Database (GePaRD) with claims data of ~20% of the German population, we included persons with a baseline colonoscopy between 2008 and 2017 and categorized them according to the procedure at baseline (snare polypectomy, forceps polypectomy, no polypectomy). In each subgroup, we distinguished between persons examined by physicians with a PDR in the lowest quartile vs higher quartiles and described cumulative CRC incidence during follow‐up. Overall, 822 715 persons examined by 1752 physicians were included. One quarter of the physicians had a PDR ≤21.8% (lowest quartile). In all subgroups, the 5‐year cumulative CRC incidence was statistically significantly higher in persons examined by physicians with a PDR ≤21.8% vs >21.8%: It was 69% higher in persons with snare polypectomy (0.88% vs 0.52%), 87% higher in persons with forceps polypectomy (0.58% vs 0.31%), and 48% higher in persons without polypectomy at baseline (0.31% vs 0.21%). In conclusion, we found a substantially increased PCCRC risk in persons examined by physicians with a low PDR in Germany, irrespective of the baseline findings. Our study highlights the importance of a high‐quality colonoscopy to maximize the preventive effect of colonoscopy on CRC incidence.
Interplay between m6A epitranscriptome and epigenome in cancer: current knowledge and therapeutic perspectives
Authors: Bove Guglielmo , Amin Sajid , Babaei Mehrad , Benedetti Rosaria , Nebbioso Angela , Altucci Lucia , Del Gaudio Nunzio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChromatin has an extremely flexible structure that allows the fine regulation of gene expression. To orchestrate this process, small chemical modifications are dynamically added or removed on DNA, RNA and histone substrates. Epigenetic modifications govern a plethora of key cellular functions, whose dysregulation contributes to oncogenesis. The interrelationship between (irreversible) genetic mutations and (reversible) epigenetic alterations and how this crosstalk regulates gene expression has long been a major area of interest. Marks modulating the RNA code (epitranscriptome), such as the well‐studied N6‐methyladenosine (m6A), are known to influence stability, metabolism and life cycle of many mRNAs, including cancer‐associated transcripts. Together, epigenetic and epitranscriptomic pathways therefore control the entire cellular expression profile and, eventually, cell fate. Recently, previously undescribed crosstalk between these two pathways has started to be unrevealed. For example, m6A and its effectors cooperate with histone modifications to localize chromatin‐modifying complexes to their target regions. Epigenetic marks governing the expression of m6A factors can also be found at specific genetic loci. m6A itself can mark noncoding RNAs (including lncRNAs, circRNAs and miRNAs), influencing their structure, maturation and function. These interactions affect both cell physiology and pathology. Clear evidence that dysregulation of this network plays a role in cancer has emerged, suggesting a new layer of complexity in the landscape of gene expression. Here, we summarize current knowledge on the interplay between m6A epitranscriptome and epigenome, focusing on cancer processes. We also discuss strategies to target m6A machinery for future therapeutic intervention.
Adverse childhood experiences and early adolescent cyberbullying in the United States
Authors: Nagata Jason M. , Trompeter Nora , Singh Gurbinder , Raney Julia , Ganson Kyle T. , Testa Alexander , Jackson Dylan B. , Murray Stuart B. , Baker Fiona C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionWith the increasing use of social media and online platforms among adolescents, the relationship between traumatic life events and cyberbullying remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and cyberbullying victimization among a racially/ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample of early adolescents.MethodsWe analyzed longitudinal data from 10,317 participants in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, baseline (2016–2018, ages 9–10 years) to Year 2. Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate associations between ACEs and cyberbullying victimization, adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, country of birth, household income, parental education, and study site.ResultsIn the sample (48.7% female, 46.0% racial/ethnic minority), 81.3% of early adolescents reported at least one ACE, and 9.6% reported cyberbullying victimization. In general, there was a dose–response relationship between the number of ACEs and cyberbullying victimization, as two (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13–1.85), three (AOR: 2.08, 95% CI: 1.57–2.74), and four or more (AOR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.61–3.49) ACEs were associated with cyberbullying victimization in adjusted models. In models examining the specific type of ACE, sexual abuse (AOR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.26–4.11), physical neglect (AOR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.24–2.09), and household mental health problems (AOR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.18–1.65) had the strongest associations with cyberbullying victimization.ConclusionAdolescents who have experienced ACEs are at greater risk for experiencing cyberbullying. Interventions to prevent cyberbullying could use a trauma‐informed framework, including inter‐peer interventions to break this cycle of trauma.
Haplotypic variants of COVID‐19 related genes are associated with blood pressure and metabolites levels
Authors: Gholami Morteza , Zoughi Marziyeh , Hasanzad Mandana , Larijani Bagher , Amoli Mahsa M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe genetic association of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) with its complications has not been fully understood. This study aimed to identify variants and haplotypes of candidate genes implicated in COVID‐19 related traits by combining the literature review and pathway analysis. To explore such genes, the protein‐protein interactions and relevant pathways of COVID‐19‐associated genes were assessed. A number of variants on candidate genes were identified from Genome‐wide association studies (GWASs) which were associated with COVID‐19 related traits (p ˂ 10‐6). Haplotypic blocks were assessed using haplotypic structures among the 1000 Genomes Project (r2 ≥ 0.8, D′ ≥ 0.8). Further functional analyses were performed on the selected variants. The results demonstrated that a group of variants in ACE and AGT genes were significantly correlated with COVID‐19 related traits. Three haplotypes were identified to be involved in the blood metabolites levels and the development of blood pressure. Functional analyses revealed that most GWAS index variants were expression quantitative trait loci and had transcription factor binding sites, exonic splicing enhancers or silencer activities. Furthermore, the proxy haplotype variants, rs4316, rs4353, rs4359, and three variants, namely rs2493133, rs2478543, and rs5051, were associated with blood metabolite and systolic blood pressure, respectively. These variants exerted more regulatory effects compared with other GWAS variants. The present study indicates that the genetic variants and candidate haplotypes of COVID‐19 related genes are associated with blood pressure and blood metabolites. However, further observational studies are warranted to confirm these results.
Short‐ and long‐term surgical outcomes of pancreatic resection for retroperitoneal sarcoma: A long‐term single‐center experience of 90 cases
Authors: Lv Ang , Liu Dao‐Ning , Wang Zhen , Li Cheng‐Peng , Liu Bo‐Nan , Liu Qiao , Tian Xiu‐Yun , Hao Chun‐Yi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesResection of retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) en bloc with pancreas is challenging and controversial. This single‐center retrospective study aimed to analyze the impact of pancreatic resection (PR) and its different types on short‐ and long‐term outcomes in patients with RPS.MethodsData from 242 consecutive patients with RPS who underwent surgical treatment at the Peking University Cancer Hospital Sarcoma Center between January 2010 and February 2021 were analyzed. Out of these, 90 patients underwent PR, including pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) in 31 and distal pancreatectomy (DP) in 59.ResultsPatients in the PR group had a higher major morbidity (37.8% vs. 14.5%) and mortality (8.9% vs. 1.3%) than those in the non‐PR group, with a similar 5‐year overall survival (OS) rate (46.9% vs. 53.6%). Patients in the PD and DP groups had a slight difference in major morbidity (48.4% vs. 32.2%), mortality (6.4% vs. 10.2%), and 5‐year OS rates (43.3% vs. 49.3%). The PR type was not an independent risk factor for major morbidity or OS.ConclusionsPR in RPS resection was associated with increased morbidity and mortality with minimal influence on survival. Patients with RPS undergoing PD and DP showed slight differences in terms of safety and OS.
Tumor extent impacts survival benefit in minimally invasive colectomy for T4 colon cancer: A propensity matched national cohort analysis
Authors: Malhotra Gautam , Lafaro Kelly , Konstantinidis Ioannis , Melstrom Laleh , Hannah Mark , Lai Lily , Melstrom Kurt , Sentovich Steven , Kaiser Andreas , Paz Isaac B. , Raoof Mustafa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundT4 colon cancers have been underrepresented in randomized trials comparing minimally invasive colectomy (MC) versus open colectomy (OC). Retrospective studies suggest improved survival with MC versus OC, but have not addressed the impact of tumor extent.MethodsUsing the National Cancer Database (NCDB), we analyzed patients undergoing colectomy for T4 colon adenocarcinoma from 2010 to 2014. Propensity score matching was performed between MC and OC patients. Tumor extent was defined by zones based on adjacent organ involvement.ResultsOf the 19 178 eligible patients, 6564 (34%) underwent MC. After matching, MC was associated with improved overall survival (hazard ratios: 0.71, 95% confidence interval: 0.67−0.76; median OS 59 vs. 42 months, p < 0.001). Compared to MC patients, those undergoing OC had: a higher margin positive rate (p = 0.009); lower median nodes examined (p < 0.001); a lower rate of adjuvant chemotherapy (p < 0.001); and a longer median time to chemotherapy (p < 0.001). Stratified survival analyses demonstrated that MC was associated with improved overall survival compared to OC in all zones except zone 3 and 4.ConclusionsCompared to OC, MC for T4 colon cancer is associated with improved oncologic outcomes when performed for zone 0−2 tumors. For, zone 3 and 4 tumors MC and OC have similar oncologic outcomes and patients should be cautiously selected.
Super‐Strong Hydrogel Composites Reinforced with PBO Nanofibers for Cartilage Replacement
Authors: Oliveira Andreia S. , Silva João C. , Loureiro Mónica V. , Marques Ana C. , Kotov Nicholas A. , Colaço Rogério , Serro Ana P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCartilage replacement materials exhibiting a set of demanding properties such as high water content, high mechanical stiffness, low friction, and excellent biocompatibility are quite difficult to achieve. Here, poly(p‐phenylene‐2,6‐benzobisoxazole) (PBO) nanofibers are combined with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to form a super‐strong structure with a performance that surpasses the vast majority of previously existing hydrogels. PVA–PBO composites with water contents in the 59–76% range exhibit tensile and compressive moduli reaching 20.3 and 4.5 MPa, respectively, and a coefficient of friction below 0.08. Further, they are biocompatible and support the viability of chondrocytes for 1 week, with significant improvements in cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation compared to PVA. The new composites can be safely sterilized by steam heat or gamma radiation without compromising their integrity and overall performance. In addition, they show potential to be used as local delivery platforms for anti‐inflammatory drugs. These attractive features make PVA–PBO composites highly competitive engineered materials with remarkable potential for use in the design of load‐bearing tissues. Complementary work has also revealed that these composites will be interesting alternatives in other industrial fields where high thermal and mechanical resistance are essential requirements, or which can take advantage of the pH responsiveness functionality.
Corrosion and passivation behavior of 6082‐T6 aluminum alloy in NaCl solution
Authors: Yang Li , Bai Di , Zhang Chi , Yang Shoubing , Wang Dongxu , Liu Chaojie , Ge Tianqi , Huang Genzhe 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe corrosion and passivation behaviors of 6082‐T6 aluminum alloy in 1.5 wt% NaCl solution with natural aeration were investigated by segmented electrochemical measurement combined with scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and X‐ray diffractometer. The results showed that the active Mg dissolved from Mg2Si promoted the development of intergranular corrosion (IGC) and that local dissolutions of the matrix around the Si and AlFeMnSi particles are the initial sites for pitting corrosion. The passivation overlying the IGC crack is interacted by the cations in the layer and the ions, resulting in the intergranular cracking of the passive film. The cracks near the secondary phase meet the cracks developing along the grain boundary, resulting in the failure of the passive film in the form of networks.
Improved Bohr inequality for harmonic mappings
Authors: Liu Gang , Ponnusamy Saminathan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn order to improve the classical Bohr inequality, we explain some refined versions for a quasi‐subordination family of functions in this paper, one of which is key to build our results. Using these investigations, we establish an improved Bohr inequality with refined Bohr radius under particular conditions for a family of harmonic mappings defined in the unit disk . Along the line of extremal problems concerning the refined Bohr radius, we derive a series of results. Here, the family of harmonic mappings has the form , where , the analytic parthis bounded by 1 and that in and for some .
Profiling of mitochondrial heteroplasmy in single human oocytes by next‐generation sequencing
Authors: Russo Valentina , Ancora Massimo , Gatta Valentina , Orsini Massimiliano , Prencipe Giuseppe , Peserico Alessia , Colosimo Alessia , El Khatib Mohammad , Mauro Annunziata , Di Berardino Chiara , Scialabba Silvia , Tiboni Gian Mario , Marcacci Maurilia , Cammà Cesare , Barboni Barbara 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) plays a crucial role in the development of a competent oocyte. Indeed, mtDNA alterations may predispose to chromosome nondisjunction, resulting in infertility due to a reduced vitality and quality of oocytes and embryos. In this methods paper, the multiple displacement amplification approach was applied in combination with next‐generation sequencing (NGS) to amplify and sequence, in single‐end, the entire mtDNA of single human oocytes to directly construct genomic NGS libraries, and subsequently, to highlight and quantify the mutations they presented. The bioinformatic workflow was carried out with a specific ad hoc developed in‐house software. This approach proved to be sensitive and specific, also highlighting the mutations present in heteroplasmy, showing deletion, insertion or substitution mutations in the genes involved in the respiratory chain, even if the found variants were benign or of uncertain meaning. The analysis of mtDNA mutations in the oocyte could provide a better understanding of specific genetic abnormalities and of their possible effect on oocyte developmental competence. This study shows how this approach, based on a massive parallel sequencing of clonally amplified DNA molecules, allows to sequence the entire mitochondrial genome of single oocytes in a short time and with a single analytical run and to verify mtDNA mutations.
Hierarchical hybrid glass fibers modified by hyperbranched polyphosphoramide and graphene oxide sheets to improve flame retardancy and suppress candlewick effect of poly(lactic acid)/glass fibers composites
Authors: Chen Xiaosui , Wang Can , Liu Shuzheng , Zhang Aiqing , Liu Wei , Qian Lijun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGlass fibers (GFs) reinforced polymer composites display high mechanical performance but deteriorated flame retardancy due to the “candlewick effect” caused by fibers. To solve this problem, novel hierarchal hybrid glass fibers (GF@HBPPA@GO) were prepared by multistep coating of 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), hyperbranched polyphosphoramide (HBPPA) and graphene oxide (GO) in sequence. Several GFs reinforced poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites were fabricated with the same GFs loading. PLA/GF@HBPPA@GO composite showed the highest limited oxygen index (LOI) value of 25.2% and much decreased peak heat release rate, total heat release and mass loss rate, corresponding to a drop of 23.2%, 16.6%, and 53.8% respectively compared with PLA/GF‐APTES composite. Meanwhile, it maintained similar tensile and impact strength values. The improved flame retardancy was mainly attributed to the good synergistic effect of HBPPA and GO on generating high‐yield char residues encapsulating GFs perfectly in the condensed phase, which effectively reduced the interface energy and increased the surface roughness of GFs to suppress the wetting and spreading of PLA melt toward the flame zone, and consequently weakened the candlewick effect of GFs and achieved better flame retardancy. This provides new ideas for preparing fiber reinforced polymer composites with encouraging mechanical properties and outstanding fire safety simultaneously.
High‐performance flexible temperature sensor from hybrid nanocomposite for continuous human body temperature monitoring
Authors: Phadkule Saket Sanjay , Sarma Shrutidhara 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCombining high sensitivity with fast response and high resolution remains a critical challenge for flexible temperature sensors. The present study leverages the intrinsically high surface‐to‐volume ratio of nanocomposite fibers as well as the high mechanical properties of nanomaterials for achieving conformable temperature sensors with accurate and fast detection of temperature. To achieve this, nanocomposite films of electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) with embedded silver (Ag) nanoparticles were layered with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The sensor showed a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) with excellent sensitivity of −0.18%/°C and a quick response rate of 11 s. The sensor also exhibited low self‐heating errors for an activation current of 1 mA and excellent anti‐interference ability when tested for bending forces and wet environments. The nanocomposite fiber‐based sensor can be used for real‐time monitoring of human body temperature as confirmed by successful experiments. The present work lays the foundation for integrating the sensor further with a user interface to create a wearable temperature monitoring system for mobile healthcare.
The role of metals in the deposition of long‐lived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species into the plasma‐activated liquids
Authors: Kutasi Kinga , Bencs László , Tóth Zsolt , Milošević Slobodan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe work investigates the role of metals on the formation and stability of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in liquids treated with a surface‐wave microwave discharge. It is demonstrated that the high reduction potential metals can quasi‐neutralize the acidification induced by the plasma treatment, and thus reduce the rate of the products reaction. As a consequence, while in the acidified plasma‐activated water the production vanishes with increase in the treatment time, the addition of metals enhances the production. The RONS concentrations are quasi‐stable for several weeks when pH is higher than 5.5, which can be achieved in a wide range of treatment conditions with the use of Mg powder, and at relatively shorter treatments with the usage of Zn.
Assessment of validity and utility of a bronchopulmonary dysplasia outcome estimator
Authors: Srivatsa Bharath , Srivatsa Krishna R. , Clark Reese H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the validity and utility of the bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) outcome estimator developed by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD).MethodsThis retrospective study correlated the BPD and mortality outcomes of 23–28‐week prematurely born infants with those predicted by the 2022 NICHD BPD outcome estimator. In addition, evidence‐based recommended postnatal steroid administration using risk predictions by the BPD estimator was compared with actual postnatal steroid use.ResultsAmong the 223 infants enrolled in the study, 139 did not develop BPD, 64 babies developed BPD, and 20 babies died. BPD estimator predicted outcomes correctly in 74% of cases who did not develop BPD, 48% of cases with Grade 1 BPD, and 35% of deaths. Only 6% of cases with Grade 2 BPD and none of the babies with Grade 3 BPD were identified correctly. The predicted and actual steroid use for BPD prevention/treatment were 37.2% and 29.6%, respectively (p = 0.18). The BPD estimator had a sensitivity of 72.7%, specificity of 77.7%, positive predictive value of 57.8%, and negative predictive value of 87.1% to predict actual postnatal steroid use.ConclusionsIn this cohort, the 2022 NICHD BPD estimator underestimated probabilities for babies who did not develop BPD, may overestimate probabilities for babies who develop BPD and had low sensitivity to predict mortality. In addition, the application of the BPD estimator may result in an overestimation of postnatal steroid use.