bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Questionnaire Analysis on Incidence and Risk Factors of Dry Eye in Children From a Myopia Outpatient Clinic
Authors: Wang Ning , Zhuang XiaoYun , Zhong XiaoWei , Zhang Ju , Li GuangWei , Li Suxia 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveTo analyze the incidence and risk factors of dry eye in children from a myopia outpatient clinic via a questionnaire and Keratograph 5M.MethodsA cross–sectional study was performed. sThere were 214 children (428 eyes) selected from the myopia outpatient clinic of the affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from July 2021 to September 2021, including 105 boys (210 eyes) and 109 girls (218 eyes), with an average age of 10.1 ± 2.5 years. The incidence rate and influence factors for dry eye were calculated.ResultsThirty–four of 214 children were diagnosed with dry eye, accounting for 15.9% of the patients. The correlation between fussy eating and the tear meniscus height was statistically significant (Z = −2.158, p = 0.039), along with the correlation between short–distance use of eyes and the tear meniscus height (Z = −2.135, p = 0.033). The degree of meibomian gland deficiency was graded. The meibomian gland was graded as grade 1 in 242 eyes (68.9%), grade 2 in 104 eyes (29.6%), and grade 3 in 5 eyes (1.4%). There was a significant difference in the correlation between eye rubbing and the incidence of dry eye in children (Z = −2.747, p = 0.008). There was also a significant difference in the correlation between picky eating and the incidence of dry eye in children (Z = −2.347; p = 0.024). There was a statistically significant correlation between the time of looking at electronic products and the morphology of the meibomian gland (Z = −2.201, p = 0.028). The results showed that the effect of mild and moderate ametropia on the non–invasive tear breakup time in children was statistically significant (Z = −2.027; p = 0.043).ConclusionThere is a high incidence of dry eye in children in the myopia outpatient clinic. There is a significant correlation between picky eating, eye rubbing, and the incidence of dry eye. Looking at electronic products for a long time will also affect the morphology of the meibomian gland in children.
Brain Structure as a Correlate of Odor Identification and Cognition in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Chen Mimi , Wang Jie , Zhou Shanlei , Zhang Cun , Deng Datong , Liu Fujun , Luo Wei , Zhu Jiajia , Yu Yongqiang 
Published: February 2022

Background: It has been reported that type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with olfactory identification (OI) impairments and cognitive decline. However, the relationship between OI impairments and cognitive decline is largely unknown in T2DM patients.Methods: Sixty-eight T2DM patients and 68 healthy controls underwent 3D-T1 MRI scans, olfactory and cognitive assessments. The cortical thickness of olfaction-related brain regions, olfactory and cognitive scores were compared between groups. Correlation analyses were carried out among cognition, olfaction, and cortical thickness of olfaction-related brain regions.Results: First, the cognitive and olfactory test scores of T2DM patients were lower than healthy subjects. Second, higher olfactory scores were associated with increased cortical thickness in the left parahippocampal gyrus and bilateral insula in T2DM. Third, higher olfactory scores were associated with higher cognitive performance in T2DM. Fourth, some cognitive performances were related to cortical thickness in the left parahippocampal gyrus and left insula in T2DM.Conclusion: These findings indicated that olfactory dysfunction may be useful for future applications that attempt to predict cognitive decline or develop tailored therapies in T2DM patients.
Partial Restoration of Spinal Cord Neural Continuity via Sural Nerve Transplantation Using a Technique of Spinal Cord Fusion
Authors: Ren Xiaoping , Zhang Weihua , Mo Jian , Qin Jie , Chen Yi , Han Jie , Feng Xinjian , Han Linxuan , Feng Sitan , Liang Haibo , Cen Liangjue , Wu Xiaofei , Huang Chunxing , Deng Haixuan , Cao Zhenbin , Yao Huihui , Lan Rongyu , Wang Xiaogang , Ren Shuai 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundSpinal cord injury (SCI) can cause paralysis and serious chronic morbidity, and there is no effective treatment. Based on our previous experimental results of spinal cord fusion (SCF) in mice, rats, beagles, and monkeys, we developed a surgical protocol of SCF for paraplegic human patients. We designed a novel surgical procedure of SCF, called sural nerve transplantation (SNT), for human patients with lower thoracic SCI and distal cord dysfunction.MethodsWe conducted a clinical trial (ChiCTR2000030788) and performed SNT in 12 fully paraplegic patients due to SCI between T1 and T12. We assessed pre- and postoperative central nerve pain, motor function, sensory function, and autonomic nerve function. Conduction of action potentials across the sural nerve transplant was evaluated. Neural continuity was also examined by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).ResultsAmong the 12 paraplegic patients enrolled in this clinical trial, seven patients demonstrated improved autonomic nerve functions. Seven patients had clinically significant relief of their symptoms of cord central pain. One patient, however, developed postoperative cord central pain (VAS: 4). Five patients had varying degrees of recovered sensory and/or motor functions below the single neurologic level 1 month after surgery. One patient showed recovery of electrophysiologic, motor-evoked potentials 6 months after the operation. At 6 months after surgery, DTI indicated fusion and nerve connections of white cord and sural nerves in seven patients.ConclusionSNT was able to fuse the axonal stumps of white cord and sural nerve and at least partially improve the cord central pain in most patients. Although SNT did not restore the spinal cord continuity in white matter in some patients, SNT could restore spinal cord continuity in the cortico-trunco-reticulo-propriospinal pathway, thereby restoring in part some motor and sensory functions. SNT may therefore be a safe, feasible, and effective method to treat paraplegic patients with SCI. Future clinical trials should be performed to optimize the type/technique of nerve transplantation, reduce surgical damage, and minimize postoperative scar formation and adhesion, to avoid postoperative cord central pain.Clinical Trial Registration[http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=50526], identifier [ChiCTR2000030788].
Dietary Factors and Risk of Glioma in Adults: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Zhang Weichunbai , Jiang Jing , Li Xinyi , He Yongqi , Chen Feng , Li Wenbin 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundGliomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors in adults. Inappropriate dietary habits are thought to be a risk factor for most human cancer, and glioma is no exception. However, the effect of dietary factors on glioma is not clear.ObjectiveThis review aims to quantitatively evaluate the association between various dietary intakes and glioma using a meta-analysis.MethodsWe searched articles on PubMed, the Cochrane Library, the Web of Science, and EMBASE from their inception until October 11, 2021. According to heterogeneity, the fixed-effects or random-effects model was selected to obtain the relative risk (RR) of merger. Based on the methods described by Greenland and Longnecker, we explored the dose-response relationship between dietary intakes and the risk of glioma. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias were also used.ResultsThis study reviewed 33 articles, including 3,606,015 controls and 8,831 patients with glioma. This study included 12 food groups. Compared with the lowest intakes, the highest intakes of tea (RR = 0.82, 95%CI:0.71–0.93), total vegetables (RR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.70–1.00), green vegetables (RR = 0.80, 95%CI: 0.66–0.98), and orange vegetables (RR = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.66–0.96) significantly reduced the risk of glioma, while the highest intakes of grains (RR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.16–1.66), processed meats (RR = 1.19, 95%CI: 1.00–1.42), and processed fish (RR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.03–1.84) significantly increased the risk of glioma. The results of subgroup and sensitivity analyses remained unchanged. In the dose-response relationship, only tea was statistically significant. Taking an extra cup of tea every day reduced the risk of glioma by 4%.ConclusionsOur analysis suggests that the intakes of tea, total vegetables, green vegetables, and orange vegetables may reduce the risk of glioma, while the intakes of grains, processed meats, and processed fish may increase the risk of glioma. Therefore, the effect of dietary factors on glioma should not be ignored.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, CRD42022296658.
The Hyperphagia Questionnaire: Insights From a Multicentric Validation Study in Individuals With Prader Willi Syndrome
Authors: Licenziati Maria Rosaria , Bacchini Dario , Crinò Antonino , Grugni Graziano , Fintini Danilo , Osimani Sara , Ragusa Letizia , Sacco Michele , Iughetti Lorenzo , De Sanctis Luisa , Franzese Adriana , Wasniewska Malgorzata Gabriela , Faienza Maria Felicia , Delvecchio Maurizio , Esposito Concetta , Valerio Giuliana 
Published: February 2022

Background/ObjectivesThe present study aimed to validate the Italian version of the Hyperphagia Questionnaire (HQ), a 11-items questionnaire developed to assess hyperphagia in individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). This is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by endocrine dysfunction, hypotonia, intellectual disability, psychiatric disorders and obesity.MethodsParents of 219 individuals with PWS (age range 3–54 years; Mage = 17.90; 108 Males), recruited in 12 hospitals in Italy responded to HQ during routine visits. In function of the level of analyses the sample was divided into two subgroups (&lt;18&gt; years) or into four age-subgroups (2.5–4.5; 4.5–8; 8–18; &gt;18 years) corresponding to different clinical stages.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the three hyperphagic subdimensions of the original structure (behavior, drive, and severity), but one item was dropped out, reducing the final version to 10 items. Using multi-group CFA, HQ showed satisfactory indexes of measurement invariance by age. Good indexes of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's Omega coefficients) were found for each subdimension. The three hyperphagia subdimensions positively converged with other food-related measures: emotional overeating, food enjoyment, food responsiveness, and satiety responsiveness. A significant increase of all hyperphagic subdimensions was found across age groups. Higher hyperphagic levels were found in participants with higher body mass index. Hyperphagic drive differently increased in function of the interaction between age and underlying genetic mechanisms.ConclusionThe Italian version of the HQ is a psychometrically valid and reliable instrument for assessing hyperphagia in individuals with PWS. This tool may prove useful to evaluate the efficacy of pharmacologic and rehabilitative treatments.
Yunpi Qufeng Chushi Formula for Pre-Rheumatoid Arthritis: Study Protocol for a Multiple-Center, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Tang Yujun , Li Haichang , Huang Lin , Wang Qiao , Han Yongmei , Wu Huaxiang , Su Xiao , Hou Xiujuan , Huang Chuanbing , Lin Changsong , Tao Qingwen , Tang Jinyang , Cao Wei , Xie Zhijun , Wen Chengping 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive bone erosion on diarthrodial joints. RA patients usually experienced three stages before final diagnosis: the health period, the pre-clinical period (immune response exists without clinical symptoms), and the pre-RA period (immune response exists with mild inflammatory manifestation). Presently, there is seldom guidance referring to early intervention which is a benefit for stable disease conditions and low morbidity. Prophylactic treatment is a major feature of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In this present study, a multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial is carried out to evaluate both efficacy and safety in preventing RA progression on Yunpi Qufeng Chushi formula (YQCF).Method: The multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial is conducted in 13 hospitals nationwide. A total of 390 patients ages between 18 and 70 will be recruited in the trial. They will be randomly assigned to the intervention group (YQCF) and placebo group. The follow-up visit will be taken every 3 months from baseline to 1 year. Diagnosis, disease activity scores, clinical disease activity index (CDAI), simplified disease activity index (SDAI), TCM syndrome scores, and safety assessments will be recorded at every visit. Joint color doppler ultrasound, health assessment questionnaire-disability index (HAQ-DI), and functional assessment of chronic illness therapy-fatigue (FACIT-F) will be recorded at baseline and the last visit.Discussion: This work will provide evidence of YQCF in preventing RA progression. However, whether early intervention would benefit the controlling RA disease still needs a long-term follow-up.Ethics and dissemination: Protocol version 2 (201910-1). This research was approved by the medical ethics committee of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (2019-045). Results will be published in a peer-reviewed academic journal.Trial registration numbers:http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx, ChiCTR1900024166.
Preliminary Study on Immediate Postoperative CT Images and Values of the Modular Polyetheretherketone Based Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Observational First-in-Human Trial
Authors: Cai Zhengyu , Qu Xinhua , Zhao Yaochao , Yuan Zhiguo , Zheng Liangjun , Long Teng , Yao Qiuying , Yue Bing , Wang You 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) is now frequently performed and is highly successful. However, patient satisfaction after TKA is often difficult to achieve. Because of the presence of metallic prosthetic knee joints, there is a lack of imaging tools that can accurately assess the patient's postoperative prosthetic position, soft tissue impingement, and periprosthetic bone density after TKA. We conducted a clinical trial of the world's first totally modular polyetheretherketone (PEEK) TKA and determined the bone density values in the stress concentration area around the prosthesis based on postoperative computed tomography data to reconstruct a three-dimensional model of the PEEK prosthetic knee joint after implantation. Based on the model, the overhang of the prosthesis was measured at various locations on the prosthesis.MethodsAll patients who underwent PEEK-based TKA were postoperatively assessed with radiography and computed tomography (CT). Hounsfield units (HUs) for the different components of the quantitative CT assessment were measured separately.ResultsTen patients (nine female and one male) aged 59–74 (mean 66.9, median 67) years were included. The HU values were as follows: PEEK prosthesis mean 182.95, standard deviation (SD) 4.90, coefficient of variation (CV) 2.68; polyethylene mean −89.41, SD 4.14, CV −4.63; lateral femoral osteochondral mean 192.19, SD 55.05, CV 28.64; lateral tibial osteochondral mean 122.94, SD 62.14, CV 42.86; medial femoral osteophyte mean 180.76, SD 43.48, CV 24.05; and medial tibial osteophyte mean 282.59, SD 69.28, CV 24.52. Analysis of the data at 1, 3, and 6 months showed that the mean PE (p = 0.598) and PEEK (p = 0.916) measurements did not change with the time of measurement. There was a decrease in bone mineral density in the lateral tibia at 3 months (p = 0.044). Otherwise, there was no significant change in bone density in other regions (p = 0.124–0.803). There was no overhang in all femoral prostheses, whereas there were two cases of overhang in tibial prostheses. Overhang measurements do not differ significantly across time points. The overhang measurements were not significantly different at all time points (p = 0.186–0.967).ConclusionPEEK knee joint prosthesis has excellent CT compatibility. The change in periprosthetic bone volume during the follow-up period can be determined using the HU value after CT scan, while the prosthesis position can be assessed. This assessment may potentially guide future improvements in knee prosthesis alignment techniques and artificial knee prosthesis designs.
A Preliminary Cadaveric MRI Study of Fetal Hip Development
Authors: Liu Zhenqing , Li Huixian , Wang Shuai , Wu Qianqian , Liu Hongsheng 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThe earlier the detection of the hip joint is discovered, the better the final result. The purpose of this study aimed to investigate the fetal hip development using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), so as to alert clinicians to possible abnormal development during intrauterine life.MethodMeasurements of 34 cadaver fetuses (68 hips) were obtained regarding acetabular width and depth, anterior bony acetabular index (ABAI), anterior cartilaginous acetabular index (ACAI), posterior bony acetabular index (PBAI), and posterior cartilaginous acetabular index (PCAI). The standard values of each acetabular measurement index were obtained, and the gestational age-measurement index change trend chart was drawn to comprehensively analyze the normal development law of the fetal hip joint.ResultsWith the development of fetuses, the width and depth of acetabular increase linearly, and the slope of acetabular width was larger than that of depth. In addition, two change points during the 24th and 34th weeks of gestation were detected with regard to width. ABAI and PBAI also decreased. ABAI demonstrated an approximately linear trend, while PBAI shows a non-linear trend. During the 36th week, the change point in PBAI was observed. ACAI and PCAI exhibited slow increases, indicating a non-linear trend. During the 21st and 36th weeks of gestation, the change points regarding ACAI were observed. During the 22nd week of gestation, the change point for PCAI was observed.ConclusionPlots of the parameters obtained via MRI examinations of cadaver fetuses across gestational age comprehensively illustrated the fetal hip development. This developmental information about the hip joint has the potential to guide clinicians in the early detection of abnormal hip joint development during intrauterine life.
Fucosyltransferase 8 is Overexpressed and Influences Clinical Outcomes in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients
Authors: Liang Yiqian , Wang Ting , Gao Rui , Jia Xi , Ji Ting , Shi Puyu , Xue Jianjun , Yang Aimin , Chen Mingwei , Han Peng 
Published: February 2022

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the most prevalent type of lung cancer, is often metastatic and has a poor prognosis. Recent studies have demonstrated an important role for fucosyltransferase 8 (FUT8) in carcinogenesis and cancer progression.Methods: A meta-analysis with 15 eligible datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was performed to explore the expression of FUT8 in LUAD. The results were further verified in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, followed by survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier plotter. We also validated the protein expression of FUT8 by immunohistochemistry (IHC). In vitro experiments were conducted to determine the biological effects of FUT8 in LUAD cells.Results: The meta-analysis showed the FUT8 expression in LUAD tissues was significantly higher than those in normal lung tissues [standard mean difference (SMD): 1.40; 95% confidence interval (CI): .95–1.85]. The results of TCGA database verified the expression of FUT8 increased in LUAD tissues versus normal tissues. IHC analyses indicated that the protein levels of FUT8 were up-regulated in LUAD, and elevated FUT8 expression was significantly correlated with poor prognosis in LUAD patients. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that FUT8 expression was an independent prognostic factor. Besides, in vitro experiments showed that knockdown of FUT8 in LUAD cells markedly restrained cell proliferation, and stimulated cell apoptosis.Conclusion: This study indicates that increased FUT8 expression is correlated with shortened survival of LUAD patients and might favor the progression of the disease.
Aspects of the desalination of mineralized water in arid and water-deficient territories
Authors: Мажуга А.Г. , Каграманов Г.Г. , Парусов Д.В. , Бланко-Педрехон А.М. 
Published: February 2022

Получение питьевой воды в приморских аридных и вододефицитных регионах является актуальной проблемой вследствие роста населения и прогрессирующего загрязнения природных вод. Для опреснения морской воды обычно используется выпаривание (дистилляция) или мембранный процесс разделения – обратный осмос. Обоснование выбора способа опреснения морской воды и производительности опреснительных установок основано на решении ряда тесно связанных инженерных, экономических и экологических задач. Опреснение воды требует относительно высоких затрат энергии, поэтому для снижения издержек необходимо повышение коэффициента использования теплоты топлива, то есть использование когенерации (совместной выработки тепла и электроэнергии). Это обусловливает комплексную технологию опреснения, использующую мембранные методы обессоливания с последующей выпаркой концентрата. При этом баланс производительности обратноосмотической и выпарной установок определяется соотношением получаемой тепловой и электрической энергии.
Supplying drinking water in coastal arid and water-deficient regions has been an urgent problem due to the population growth and progressive pollution of natural waters. To desalinate seawater, evaporation (distillation) or a membrane separation process – reverse osmosis – is usually used. The justification for choosing a seawater desalination method and the productivity of desalination plants is based on the solution of a number of closely related engineering, economic and environmental tasks. Water desalination involves relatively high energy costs; therefore, reducing the costs can be provided by increasing the fuel heat-availability factor, that is, by using cogeneration (cogeneration of heat and electricity). This determines the comprehensive technology of desalination using membrane methods of demineralization followed by the evaporation of the reject water. Herewith, the balance of the reverse osmosis and evaporator plant performance is determined by the ratio of the generated thermal and electrical energy.
Tunable spatiotemporal resolution photoacoustic microscopy by combining quasi-periodic scanning and register-fusion algorithm
Authors: Li Jing , Wu Shiqing , Tao Chao , Liu Xiaojun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Quasi-periodic scanning combined with a register-fusion algorithm is proposed to realize tunable spatiotemporal resolution photoacoustic microscopy. Quasi-periodic scanning involves an irrational number ratio for the periods of scanning signals in two directions. It can provide sub-pixel spatial sampling for each frame. The proposed method can adjust the temporal and spatial resolutions by changing the data length for image reconstruction. For moving targets, the method can obtain a series of low-resolution images with a high imaging frame rate. A high-spatial-resolution image can be fused from these images using the register-fusion algorithm. The proposed method can acquire both motion and structural details of moving targets.