bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morbidity and outcome among under-five children with Severe Acute Malnutrition admitted to Community Inpatient Therapeutic feeding centres in Katsina State, Northwest Nigeria: A retrospective review of health records (2010-2016)
Authors: Friday Ilop Joseph , Falade Adewale 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Severe Acute malnutrition among under –five children remain a huge public health and economic burden in Saharan Africa. We investigated the morbidity and outcome of under-five children admitted into CMAM stabilisation centres and managed for complicated severe acute malnutrition.
Methods
It was a retrospective review of CMAM stabilization centres registers. It was conducting focusing of demographic; morbidity, anthropometry and outcome of data which was extracted on all children 0–60 months admitted in CMAM six stabilization centres, in four local government areas of Katsina state from September 2010 to November 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Descriptive analysis was used to compare performance indicator with Sphere project reference standard (the minimum standard to be attained during nutritional therapy). Cox –proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to estimate the predictors of recovery rate at p < 0.05 and Kaplan Meier curve were used to predict the length of stay on the ward
Result
A total of 6925 records of children with complicated SAM during the period under review, comprising 3570 males and 3,352 females. Marasmus was the most common form of severe acute malnutrition (86%). Overall outcome met the minimum sphere standard for inpatient management of SAM. Oedematous SAM (13.9%) have lowest survival rate on Kaplan Meier graph. There were significantly different mortality during the ‘lean season’ – May to August (CHR = 1.228, 95% CI = 0.942–1.599), MUAC at admission (CHR = 1.731, 95% CI = 1.072–2.796), MAUC at Exit (CHR = 3.057, 95% CI = 3.057 (1.974–4.734), Type of acute malnutrition – Marasmus (CHR = 0.417, 95% CI = 0.325–0.536), Transfer from OTP (CHR = 2.377, 95% CI 1.855–3.047) and weight gain (CHR = 0.210, 95% CI = 0.149–0.295) were found to be significant predictors to time-to-outcome with p value < 0.05.
Conclusion
We find that despite high turnover of complicated SAM cases in the stabilization, community approach to inpatient management of acute malnutrition leads to early detection; reduce delay to access care and mortality of complicated SAM cases. With training and retraining, community health workers can play a vital role inpatient management of SAM in resource limited setting.
Covid-19 and Psychological Well-being among Indian Expatriates in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Fazli Rakshanda , Faridi Rashid Aziz 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The current study delves into the impact of Covid-19 on the psychological well-being of diverse ages, gender, and income groups of Indian expatriates in Saudi Arabia. Psychological well-being is measured by Dr Martin Seligman's theory of well-being called PERMA (Positive emotions; Engagement; Relationships; Meaning; and Accomplishments). Age, gender, and income are used as independent variables. Positive emotions, engagement; relationships; purposeful existence; and accomplishment are dependent variables additional filler variables are health, negative emotions, loneliness, and happiness.As per the demand of the study, some changes are made in the questionnaire to get responses aimed at before and post COVID-19 outbreak scenarios. The online survey was administered during April-July 2021 to collect the data. The study focuses on the perceived psychological well-being of affluent Indian expatriates(n=62) living in Saudi Arabia during the pandemic. The marks of COVID-19 can be seen across all genders, ages, and income groups of Indians living in Saudi Arabia, but impressions of perceived well-being are profound on women, people of 51+ age, and high-income groups.
Genomic epidemiology of influenza B circulation in China during prolonged border closure from 2020 to 2021
Authors: Xie Ruopeng , Adam Dillon , Edwards Kimberly , Gurung Shreya , Wei Xiaoman , Cowling Benjamin , Dhanasekaran Vijaykrishna 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
China experienced a resurgence of seasonal influenza activity throughout 2021 under intermittent control measures and prolonged international border closure. We show genomic evidence for multiple A(H3N2), A(H1N1), and B/Victoria transmission lineages circulating for over three years, with the 2021 resurgence driven by two B/Victoria clades. Novel hemagglutinin (HA) gene mutations and altered age profiles of infected individuals were observed, and Jiangxi province was identified as a major source for nationwide outbreaks. An increase in the effective population size and effective reproduction number of B/Victoria outbreaks followed major national holidays, several months prior to their initial detection, underscoring the importance of influenza vaccination prior to holiday periods or travel. Clade 3a2 B/Victoria viruses with the HA1 mutation H122Q and a distinct gene constellation are becoming increasingly dominant in China and warrant close monitoring due to poor antigenicity match with current vaccine strains.
Rivastigmine Loaded PEG-PLGA Nanoparticles for Enhanced Delivery to the Brain: In-Vitro and In-Vivo Studies for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Prakash Jose , Prakash  , Prasad Vijaya Vara , Claret Angelin , Somasundaram  , ShanmugaRajan  
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Rivastigmine Tartrate (RT) is a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and CNS disorder. The entry of the drug to the brain is restricted is due to the presence of the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB). In this work, we have developed amphiphilic copolymer, poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (lactide-coglycolide (PEG-PLGA) loaded RT nanoparticles to enhance brain delivery.
Methods
Rivastigmine-loaded PEG-PLGA nanoparticles were prepared using the nanoprecipitation technique. Pegylated polyethylene glycol (polymer) and Pluronic F68 (Surfactant) were selected as preparation of Polymeric Nanoparticle. Characterization studies on the formulation such as DSC, Zeta potential, SEM, and Drug Entrapment were conducted. In-vitro drug release, Pharmacokinetic, and Pharmacodynamics studies were performed.
Results
The prepared nanoparticles are spherical and the size ranges from a minimum of 125.93 ± 0.55 to a maximum of 179.60 ± 1.06 nm. In vitro release studies in PBS pH 7.4 showed a biphasic release pattern of the drug from the nanoparticles. Pharmacokinetic studies in male Wistar rats showed an increase in the Cmax of RT when administered as PEG- PLGA nanoparticles than RT administered as a solution in PBS and a notable 3.5fold increase in the T1/2 also was observed. Tissue distribution studies also showed a 4fold increase in the amount of RT as nanoparticles that have entered the brain when compared to RT in PBS.
Conclusion
The Smaller size of the nanoparticles along with the presence of hydrophilic PEG group has assisted in enhancing the concentration of Rivastigmine in the brain which has consequently even improved the memory learning skills of the animals
Demonstration of Breast Cancer Detection Using QSVM on IBM Quantum Processors
Authors: Shan Zheng , Guo Jiayu , Ding Xiaodong , Zhou Xin , Wang Junchao , Lian Hang , Gao Yufei , Zhao Bo , Xu Jinchen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Support vector machine(SVM) is one of the most popular machine learning(ML) methods which are widely used as the methodology of choice in Breast Cancer detection because of its unique advantages in critical features detection from complex breast cancer datasets. Quantum support vector machine(QSVM) uses the power of quantum mechanics to improve the performance of classical support vector machine(SVM) algorithms with theoretical acceleration advantage. However, it still suffers from the wide error problem and hardware limits in Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum computing(NISQ). Consequently, we propose a quantum kernel estimation method with measurement error mitigation and test it using the Wisconsin Breast Cancer database first on the IBM quantum processors. The experimental results show that we can achieve remarkable performance improvement in accuracy for solving such binary classification problems compared to state-of-the-art models, which shows the great potential for the design and implementation of machine learning algorithms with quantum advantages in the future.
PCGF2 and PCGF4 Oppositely Drive Stem-like Properties in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Hu Jinjing , Zhou Yongqiang , Feng Huan , Xie Yi , Qi Kuo , Chen Yonglin , Meng Wenbo , Ma Xiaojun , Wei Yongjian , Lu Fei , Yao Jia , Cheng Bo , li xun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: PCGF4 as a cancer stem cells (CSC) marker displays stem cell-like properties, and drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PCGF2, a homologue of PCGF4, the effect of PCGF2 on liver CSCs (LCSCs) and drug resistance and the molecular mechanism of this effect have not been documented.Methods: To measure the cell viability, CSCs properties of the cells, the Cell Counting Kit-8, spheroid assay, and flow cytometry assays were applied in the HCC cell lines, respectively. The self-renewal was determined by limiting dilution assay. Also, IHC and western blotting were used to detect protein expression of PCGF2 and PCGF4 in human HCC tissues, cell lines and the effects of PCGF2 overexpression on the p38 MAPK genes expression. Kaplan-Meier curves were generated for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). We performed KEGG analysis on target genes through the R language cluster profiler package.Results: IHC showed that expression of PCGF4 and PCGF2 correlate inversely in HCC cell lines and HCC tumors. Overexpression of PCGF2 inhibited the stemness of HCC cells refected by decreasing sphere-forming and self-renewal capacities as well as the expression of CSCs markers. Interestingly, down-regulating PCGF4 led to similar results as up-regulating PCGF2. We also found that PCGF2 and PCGF4 oppositely regulated the stem-like properties driven by the p38 MAPK signalling pathway.Conclusion: Our results suggest that PCGF2 inhibits the stem cell population, reduces the sphere formation ability in HCC cell lines, and increases sensitivity to sorafenib by targeting p38 MAPK signalling.
Effects of left atrial function on pulmonary arterial pressure in acute myocardial infarction, hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Kim Minjeong , Chung Hyemoon , Kim In-Soo , Park Chul Hwan , Rim Se-Joong , Choi Eui-Young 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: To investigate the differential contribution of the left atrial (LA) function and left ventricular (LV) fibrosis to pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and reperfused acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: Data of 370 patients with HCM (n=133), DCM (n=114) and reperfused AMI (n=123) who underwent both echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) were comprehensively reviewed. Phasic LA volumes, LA-global longitudinal strain (GLS), and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) of LV were measured using CMR. Results E/e’ was correlated with PASP in all groups; however, the predicted value was significantly attenuated after adjusting for LA volume and LA strain in HCM and DCM, but remained significant in AMI. The E/e’/LA-GLS was related to PASP in HCM (p=0.01) and DCM (p=0.03) independent of LA volume index and E/e', but not in AMI. In DCM, ECV was significantly related to PASP (p<0.001) independent of LA volume index and E/e’. When subdivided according to the linear regression between PASP and E/e’, patients in the discrepantly high PASP group had lower total emptying fraction and reservoir fraction of left atrium in HCM and DCM but not in AMI. Conclusions: The LA function in HCM and DCM and LV fibrosis in DCM correlated with PASP independent of E/e’ and LA size, contrary to that in AMI. These results suggest the presence of atrial myopathy in non-ischemic cardiomyopathies and usefulness of ECV measurement in DCM for the comprehensive evaluation of LV diastolic function.
Dysexecutive Alzheimer’s Disease with Lewy Body Disease Co-Pathology
Authors: Coburn Ryan P. , Botha Hugo , Graff-Radford Jonathan , Reichard R. Ross , Jones David T. , Ramanan Vijay K. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Alzheimer’s disease can present atypically as a progressive dysexecutive
syndrome (dAD), an entity that preferentially affects younger individuals and is frequently misdiagnosed,
highlighting the imperative for additional research.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to characterize the clinical, antemortem neuroimaging, and
postmortem neuropathologic features of two cases of young-onset dAD who displayed evidence of
Lewy body disease (LBD) co-pathology at autopsy.

Methods:
Clinical histories, antemortem MRI and PET imaging, and postmortem neuropathologic
data were reviewed for each patient.

Case Descriptions/Results:
Canonical features of dAD were observed in both cases, including progressive
and predominant impairment in tasks related to working memory and cognitive flexibility, a
lack of major behavioral/personality changes, and evidence of abnormal amyloid and tau deposition by
antemortem amyloid and tau PET and postmortem neuropathology. Relative sparing of hippocampal
involvement was observed in both individuals, in keeping with many cases of clinically atypical AD.
One of the patients developed subtle parkinsonian signs as well as paranoia and irritability in the years
prior to passing. In both cases, transitional (brainstem and limbic) LBD co-pathology was observed at
autopsy.

Discussion:
Although LBD co-pathology is not uncommon in AD overall, the presence of LBD pathology
in these young-onset cases of dAD (including a case with apparent symptomatic correlate)
warrants further investigation for broader frequency and underlying pathophysiology.

Conclusion:
A better understanding of which specific young-onset AD phenotypes are associated with
LBD co-pathology would have important implications for counseling, treatment, clinical trial enrollment,
and knowledge on disease mechanisms.
Recent Advancements in the Design and Development of Near Infrared
(NIR) Emitting Fluorescent Probes for Sensing and their Bio-Imaging
Applications
Authors: Velmathi Sivan , Vijay Natarajan , Magesh Kuppan , M Renny Louis 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Fluorescent bio-imaging will be the future in the medical diagnostic for visualising
inner cellular and tissues. Near-infrared (NIR) emitting fluorescent probes serve dynamically
for targeted fluorescent imaging of live cells and tissues. NIR imaging is advantageous because
of its merits like deep tissue penetration, minimum damage to the tissue, reduced auto fluorescence
from the background, and improved resolution in imaging. The Development of the NIR
emitting probe was well explored recently and growing drastically. In this review, we summarise
recent achievements in NIR probes in between 2018-2021. The merits and future applications
have also been discussed in this review.
Parameters of Dual-layer Spectral Detector CT Could be Used to Differentiate
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer from Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Zhu Xiqi , Mu Ronghua , Meng Zhuoni , Zhang Xiaodi , Guo Zixuan , Zheng Wei , Zhuang Zeyu 
Published: March 2022

Background and Objective:
Differentiating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from
small cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains a substantial challenge. This study aimed at evaluating the performance
of dual-layer spectral detector CT (DLCT) in differentiating NSCLC from SCLC.

Methods:
Spectral images of 247 cancer patients confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed
in both the arterial phase (AP) and the venous phase (VP), including 197 cases of NSCLC and 50
cases of SCLC. Effective atomic number (Z-eff), Spectral CT-Mono Energetic (MonoE
[40keV~90keV]), iodine density (ID) and thoracic aorta iodine density (IDaorta) in contrast-enhanced
images were measured and compared between the SCLC and NSCLC subgroups of tumors. The slope
of the spectral curve (λ, interval of 10 keV) and normalized iodine density (NID) were also calculated
between the SCLC and NSCLC. Through the statistical analysis, the diagnostic efficiency of each
spectral parameter was calculated, and the difference in their efficiency was analyzed.

Results:
Both in NSCLS and SCLC, all parameters in VP were significantly higher than those in AP
(p<0.001), except for λ90. There were significant differences in all spectral parameters between
NSCLS and SCLC, both in AP and VP (p < 0.001). Except for VP-λ90, there was no significant difference
in ROC curves of all spectral parameters. VP-NID exhibited the best diagnostic performance with
an AUC value of 0.917 (95%[CI]: 0.870~0.965), sensitivity and specificity of 92.9% and 80%, and a
diagnostic threshold of 0.217.

Conclusion:
All parameters of DLCT have high diagnostic efficiency in differentiating NSCLC from
SCLC except for VP-λ90, and VP-NID has the highest diagnostic efficiency.
MiR-129-2-3p Inhibits Esophageal Carcinoma Cell Proliferation, Migration,
and Invasion via Targeting DNMT3B
Authors: Zhang Huaizhong , Peng Xuyang , Wu Xuhui , Wu Gongzhi , Peng Chongxiong , Huang Bin , Huang Mingjiang , Ding Jianyang , Mao Chaofan 
Published: March 2022

Purpose:
The study aims to explore the regulatory mechanism of miR-129-2-3p underly-ing esophageal carcinoma (EC) cell progression and generate new ideas for targeted treatment of EC.

Methods:
Mature miRNA expression data and total RNA sequencing data of EC in the TCGA-ESCA dataset were utilized to explore differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs). StarBase da-tabase was then utilized to predict targets of miRNA. MiR-129-2-3p and DNMT3B expression in EC cell lines was assayed through qRT-PCR and Western blot. CCK-8, scratch healing, and transwell assays were conducted to assess the impact of miR-129-2-3p on EC cell phenotypes. In addition, a dual-luciferase assay was completed to identify the binding relationship between DNMT3B and miR-129-2-3p.

Results:
MiR-129-2-3p was noticeably less expressed in EC cell lines, while DNMT3B was highly expressed. MiR-129-2-3p could bind to DNMT3B. Furthermore, in vitro functional experiments un-covered that overexpressed miR-129-2-3p repressed EC cell progression while further overexpress-ing DNMT3B would restore the above inhibitory effect.

Conclution:
MiR-129-2-3p is a cancer repressor in EC cells, and it could target DNMT3B, thus hampering the progression of EC cells.
Social Media for ImpLementing Evidence (SMILE): Conceptual Framework
Authors: Zhao Junqiang , Harvey Gillian , Vandyk Amanda , Gifford Wendy 
Published: March 2022

Background
Social media has become widely used by individual researchers and professional organizations to translate research evidence into health care practice. Despite its increasing popularity, few social media initiatives consider the theoretical perspectives of how social media works as a knowledge translation strategy to affect research use.

Objective
The purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework to understand how social media works as a knowledge translation strategy for health care providers, policy makers, and patients to inform their health care decision-making.

Methods
We developed this framework using an integrative approach that first involved reviewing 5 long-standing social media initiatives. We then drafted the initial framework using a deductive approach by referring to 5 theories on social media studies and knowledge translation. A total of 58 empirical studies on factors that influenced the use of social media and its messages and strategies for promoting the use of research evidence via social media were further integrated to substantiate and fine-tune our initial framework. Through an iterative process, we developed the Social Media for ImpLementing Evidence (SMILE) framework.

Results
The SMILE framework has six key constructs: developers, messages and delivery strategies, recipients, context, triggers, and outcomes. For social media to effectively enable recipients to use research evidence in their decision-making, the framework proposes that social media content developers respond to target recipients’ needs and context and develop relevant messages and appropriate delivery strategies. The recipients’ use of social media messages is influenced by the virtual–technical, individual, organizational, and system contexts and can be activated by three types of triggers: sparks, facilitators, and signals.

Conclusions
The SMILE framework maps the factors that are hypothesized to influence the use of social media messages by recipients and offers a heuristic device for social media content developers to create interventions for promoting the use of evidence in health care decision-making. Empirical studies are now needed to test the propositions of this framework.
Rhoma Irama: Konstruksi dan Reproduksi Tubuh Sang Raja Dangdut
Authors: Raditya Michael H.B. 
Published: March 2022

This article deals with the relationship between construction and reproduction in dangdut music, particularly Rhoma Irama. The impact of Rhoma Irama's dangdut construction stimulates the reproduction space of listeners with various creativity through the medium of the body. Power became the main capital in perpetuating construction and reproducing the figure of Rhoma Irama. I would like to discuss the 'fake' body or fake singer phenomena to read construction and body relations. In my opinion, the phenomenon of the fake body in music practice is not just a fandom pattern or for purely economic reasons, but an intertwined form of construction and power. This reproduction makes the construction scheme even more attractive. To disclose the problem, I refer to Michel Foucault for power relations in discussing this practice. This article uses a literature study and ethnography to provide a holistic analysis of the constellation of culture through musical practice. The findings of this article articulate the pattern and power negotiation between Rhoma Irama and the agents—such as listeners, fans, or other dangdut musicians. This article provides an important concern for body reading in the anthropological world of popular music. Artikel ini membahas relasi antara konstruksi dan reproduksi dalam musik dangdut, khususnya merujuk pada Rhoma Irama. Secara lebih lanjut, dampak konstruksi dangdut Rhoma Irama yang menstimulasi ruang reproduksi dari pendengar dengan beragam kreativitas melalui medium tubuh. Kuasa menjadi modal utama dalam melanggengkan konstruksi dan mereproduksi kembali figur Rhoma Irama. Dengan menautkan beberapa fenomena besar atas tubuh ‘palsu’ atau penyanyi palsu, pembacaan relasi tubuh dan konstruksi menjadi perhatian utama. Bagi saya, fenomena tubuh palsu dalam praktik musik bukan sekedar pola fandom atau guna alasan ekonomi semata, melainkan wujud yang berkelindan atas konstruksi dan kuasa. Pilihan-pilihan reproduksi tersebut lantas membuat skema konstruksi menjadi semakin menarik. Dalam mengartikulasikan relasi tersebut, saya merujuk Michel Foucault atas relasi kuasa dalam membahas praktik tersebut. Dengan menggunakan mix-metode antara studi literatur dan etnografi, artikel ini memberikan satu analisis yang holistik dalam menyingkap konstelasi budaya melalui praktik musik. Temuan dari artikel ini akan mengartikulasikan bahwa alasan reproduksi terjalin karena adanya tarik ulur kuasa antara Rhoma Irama dan pelaku reproduksi—baik pendengar, penggemar, ataupun pelaku musik dangdut lainnya. Artikel ini memberikan satu perhatian penting atas pembacaan tubuh dalam jagad musik populer secara antropologis.