bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of bacterial coinfection and patterns of antibiotics prescribing in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alshaikh Faisal Salman , Godman Brian , Sindi Oula Nawaf , Seaton R. Andrew , Kurdi Amanj 
Published: August 2022

Background
Evidence around prevalence of bacterial coinfection and pattern of antibiotic use in COVID-19 is controversial although high prevalence rates of bacterial coinfection have been reported in previous similar global viral respiratory pandemics. Early data on the prevalence of antibiotic prescribing in COVID-19 indicates conflicting low and high prevalence of antibiotic prescribing which challenges antimicrobial stewardship programmes and increases risk of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

Aim
To determine current prevalence of bacterial coinfection and antibiotic prescribing in COVID-19 patients.

Data source
OVID MEDLINE, OVID EMBASE, Cochrane and MedRxiv between January 2020 and June 2021.

Study eligibility
English language studies of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients which reported (a) prevalence of bacterial coinfection and/or (b) prevalence of antibiotic prescribing with no restrictions to study designs or healthcare setting.

Participants
Adults (aged ≥ 18 years) with RT-PCR confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, regardless of study setting.

Methods
Systematic review and meta-analysis. Proportion (prevalence) data was pooled using random effects meta-analysis approach; and stratified based on region and study design.

Results
A total of 1058 studies were screened, of which 22, hospital-based studies were eligible, compromising 76,176 of COVID-19 patients. Pooled estimates for the prevalence of bacterial co-infection and antibiotic use were 5.62% (95% CI 2.26–10.31) and 61.77% (CI 50.95–70.90), respectively. Sub-group analysis by region demonstrated that bacterial co-infection was more prevalent in North American studies (7.89%, 95% CI 3.30–14.18).

Conclusion
Prevalence of bacterial coinfection in COVID-19 is low, yet prevalence of antibiotic prescribing is high, indicating the need for targeted COVID-19 antimicrobial stewardship initiatives to reduce the global threat of AMR.
Process management of ergonomic workplace based on augmented reality principles
Authors: Holoči Jan , Chromjaková Felicita 
Published: August 2022

Ergonomics is an important element of managing performance and productivity in a company. Nowadays, the ergonomic parameters are set in line with the implementation of the Industry 4.0 concept. The paper highlights the link between virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), when combined with the traditional ergonomic procedure. Automation and digitization contribute to a significant extent to the creation of ergonomic workplaces and the elimination of the negative effects of non-ergonomic workplaces on people. The aim of the paper is to determine the essential elements of the system process approach to ergonomics management. This is achieved through an analysis of the current approaches from Industry 4.0 and a focus on the augmented reality approach. The backbone of the triple combination of "man-machine-environment" determines the ergonomic setting of work and the workplace. Subsequently, the presented case study examines the link between ergonomic workplace principles and data analytics for VR/AR technology. The scientific contribution of the paper lies in the discussion of the case study results, which is beneficial for the ergonomic design of workplaces.
Regulation of mitochondrial proteostasis by the proton gradient
Authors: Patron Maria , Tarasenko Daryna , Nolte Hendrik , Kroczek Lara , Ghosh Mausumi , Ohba Yohsuke , Lasarzewski Yvonne , Ahmadi Zeinab Alsadat , Cabrera‐Orefice Alfredo , Eyiama Akinori , Kellermann Tim , Rugarli Elena I , Brandt Ulrich , Meinecke Michael , Langer Thomas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMitochondria adapt to different energetic demands reshaping their proteome. Mitochondrial proteases are emerging as key regulators of these adaptive processes. Here, we use a multiproteomic approach to demonstrate the regulation of the m‐AAA protease AFG3L2 by the mitochondrial proton gradient, coupling mitochondrial protein turnover to the energetic status of mitochondria. We identify TMBIM5 (previously also known as GHITM or MICS1) as a Ca2+/H+ exchanger in the mitochondrial inner membrane, which binds to and inhibits the m‐AAA protease. TMBIM5 ensures cell survival and respiration, allowing Ca2+ efflux from mitochondria and limiting mitochondrial hyperpolarization. Persistent hyperpolarization, however, triggers degradation of TMBIM5 and activation of the m‐AAA protease. The m‐AAA protease broadly remodels the mitochondrial proteome and mediates the proteolytic breakdown of respiratory complex I to confine ROS production and oxidative damage in hyperpolarized mitochondria. TMBIM5 thus integrates mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling and the energetic status of mitochondria with protein turnover rates to reshape the mitochondrial proteome and adjust the cellular metabolism.
Lysosomal K+ channel TMEM175 promotes apoptosis and aggravates symptoms of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Qu Lili , Lin Bingqian , Zeng Wenping , Fan Chunhong , Wu Haotian , Ge Yushu , Li Qianqian , Li Canjun , Wei Yanan , Xin Jing , Wang Xingbing , Liu Dan , Cang Chunlei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLysosomes are degradative organelles and play vital roles in a variety of cellular processes. Ion channels on the lysosomal membrane are key regulators of lysosomal function. TMEM175 has been identified as a lysosomal potassium channel, but its modulation and physiological functions remain unclear. Here, we show that the apoptotic regulator Bcl‐2 binds to and inhibits TMEM175 activity. Accordingly, Bcl‐2 inhibitors activate the channel in a caspase‐independent way. Increased TMEM175 function inhibits mitophagy, disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis, and increases production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS further activates TMEM175 and thus forms a positive feedback loop to augment apoptosis. In a 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD), knockout (KO) of TMEM175 mitigated motor impairment and dopaminergic (DA) neuron loss, suggesting that TMEM175‐mediated apoptosis plays an important role in Parkinson's disease (PD). Overall, our study reveals that TMEM175 is an important regulatory site in the apoptotic signaling pathway and a potential therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease (PD).
Social Determinants of Health and At-Risk Rates for Pediatric Asthma Morbidity
Authors: Tyris Jordan , Gourishankar Anand , Ward Maranda C. , Kachroo Nikita , Teach Stephen J. , Parikh Kavita 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Compared with population-based rates, at-risk rates (ARRs) account for underlying variations of asthma prevalence. When applied with geospatial analysis, ARRs may facilitate more accurate evaluations of the contribution of place-based social determinants of health (SDOH) to pediatric asthma morbidity. Our objectives were to calculate ARRs for pediatric asthma-related emergency department (ED) encounters and hospitalizations by census-tract in Washington, the District of Columbia (DC) and evaluate their associations with SDOH.

METHODS
This population-based, cross-sectional study identified children with asthma, 2 to 17 years old, living in DC, and included in the DC Pediatric Asthma Registry from January 2018 to December 2019. ED encounter and hospitalization ARRs (outcomes) were calculated for each DC census-tract. Five census-tract variables (exposures) were selected by using the Healthy People 2030 SDOH framework: educational attainment, vacant housing, violent crime, limited English proficiency, and families living in poverty.

RESULTS
During the study period, 4321 children had 7515 ED encounters; 1182 children had 1588 hospitalizations. ARRs varied 10-fold across census-tracts for both ED encounters (64–728 per 1000 children with asthma) and hospitalizations (20–240 per 1000 children with asthma). In adjusted analyses, decreased educational attainment was significantly associated with ARRs for ED encounters (estimate 12.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 8.4 to 15.8, P &lt;.001) and hospitalizations (estimate 1.2, 95% CI 0.2 to 2.2, P = .016). Violent crime was significantly associated with ARRs for ED encounters (estimate 35.3, 95% CI 10.2 to 60.4, P = .006).

CONCLUSION
Place-based interventions addressing SDOH may be an opportunity to reduce asthma morbidity among children with asthma.
SUPRAKONDİLER FEMUR KIRIKLARINDA RETROGRAD İNTRAMEDÜLLER ÇİVİLEME VE PLAK VİDA İLE TESPİT CERRAHİ SONUÇLARININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: TERZİ Eşref , BİLSEL Nafiz , KIVRAK Aybars , DİNÇER Recep 
Published: August 2022

Amaç
Erişkinlerde görülen suprakondiler femur kırıkları eklem
yüzeyini ilgilendiren veya ilgilendirmeyen kırıklar
olup farklı cerrahi tespit seçenekleri bulunmasına
rağmen, tedavisi kolay olmayan bir kırık çeşididir. Bu
kırıklarda yapılan plak uygulamalarında geniş insizyonlar
sebebiyle yumuşak doku ve periost canlılığı
korunamayıp kaynamama gibi sonuçlarla karşılaşıldığından
dolayı cerrahlar tarafından retrograd intramedullar
çivileme metoduna bir yönelim meydana
gelmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntem
Çalışmamızda retrograd intrameduller çivileme ve
plak ile tespit edilen iki grup hastada karşılaştırma yapıldı.
2005-2016 tarihleri arasında kliniğimizde tedavi
olan 20 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi, bu hastaların 11’i
plak ile 9’u ise retrograd çivi ile tedavi edildi. Bu hastalarda
subjektif memnuniyet derecesi ameliyat sonrası
VAS, HSS, Neer skorları, artroz gelişimi, kuadriseps
kası gücü, uyluk atrofisi ve kısalık açısından araştırıldı
ve karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular
Yapılan karşılaştırmalarda her iki tedavi grubu arasında
memnuniyet derecesi postoperatif VAS, HSS,
Neer skorları, artroz gelişimi, kuadriseps kası gücü,
uyluk kas atrofisi ve kısalık açısından istatiksel olarak
anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı.
Sonuç
Suprakondiler femur kırıklarında plak-vida ile tedavi
ve retrograd çivileme yöntemleri güvenilir tedavi yöntemleridirler,
her iki yöntemin avantaj ve dezavantajları
mevcut olup uzun vadede değerlendirildiğinde her
iki yönteminde suprakondiler femur kırıkları tedavisinde
başarılı olduğunu söyleyebiliriz.
Constructing Carcinogen Risk in Scientific Discourse Through Ideological Conflict: A Cognitive Pragmatic Analysis
Authors: Khalil Huda H. , Al-Zubaidi Nassier A. G. 
Published: August 2022

With the increasing rates of cancer worldwide, a great deal of scientific discourse is devoted to arguments and statements about cancer and its causes. Scientists from different fields try to seize any available chance to warn people of the risk of consuming and exposing to carcinogens that have, unfortunately, become essential parts of modern life. The present paper attempts to investigate the proximization strategy through which scientists construct carcinogen risk to enhance people’s preventive actions against these carcinogens. The paper targets the construction which depends on producing the conflict between the values of the people themselves and the contrasting values assigned to carcinogens. To achieve this aim, Cap’s (2013) cognitive pragmatic theory of proximization is employed for analysis. The theory is a component of three proximization strategies: spatial, temporal and axiological. Of these three proximization strategies, axiological proximization strategy is applied to a corpus from scientific discourse. To arrive at more objective results, the analysis procedure is both qualitative and quantitative. Mathematical calculations are performed through corpus linguistics using Anthony’s AntConc (2019) corpus linguistics software. Eventually, the paper has arrive at certain conclusions that reveal the way actors (producers of scientific discourse) utilize axiological proximization strategy to portray carcinogen risk as a means for promoting people to take preventive measures.
Lymphoproliferative disorders affecting organs of the head and neck
Authors: Kamolova F. Sh. , Zeynalova P. A. , Azizyan R. I. , Akhundov A. A. , Zaderenko I. A. , Bolotin M. V. , Stelmakh D. K. , Sokorutov V. I. , Ilkaev K. D. , Tsiklauri V. T. , Alymov Yu. V. , Gelfand I. M. , Pak M. B. , Ignatova A. V. , Batsev A. F. , Abbasbeyli F. M. , Raportinova A. E. 
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Lymphomas are a heterogenic group of tumors of the lymphatic and hematopoietic systems, and in many cases tumor process develops in the area of the head and neck including skin and mucosa, orbit, nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, oropharynx, salivary glands, thyroid, and cervical lymph nodes. Differential diagnosis of lymphomas of the head and neck is complicated because it can be accompanied by another non-tumor pathology. High heterogeneity of lymphomas of the head and neck requires structurization of knowledge on their epidemiological and clinical manifestations.The study objective is to optimize early diagnosis as it allows to significantly increase cancer alertness in local practitioners, oncologists, diagnosis specialists and, in turn, to decrease verification frequency in generalized disease processes. Study of clinical characteristics of lymphoproliferative disorders of the head and neck leads to increased quality of differential diagnosis.Materials and methods. A study of lymphoproliferative disorders affecting head and neck was performed. Study material consisted of data on 174 patients hospitalized at the N.N. Blokhin National medical Research Center of Oncology between 1999 and 2020.Results. Based on the current clinical and morphological classification of lymphoproliferative disorders, data on location of lesions, characteristic signs of extranodal lesions and cervical lymph nodes involvement, as well as methods of diagnosis of lymphomas of the head and neck, are presented.Conclusion. The obtained data helps solve problems of diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorders affecting the head and neck and serve as a basis for successful, predictable treatment of lymphomas.
Penegakan Hukum Mengenai Hak Asasi Manusia Menurut Hukum Yang Ada Di Indonesia
Authors: Wibowo Wahyu , Setyadi Yusuf , Surajiman Surajiman 
Published: August 2022

Abstract: This journal discussing enforcement of law regarding human rights in Indonesia according to UU Number 39 in 1999. Reason of choosing this title is condition of law enforcement until now related to human right in Indonesia has not been fully applied. Main problems in this article are: the way judicial applicating of the law to human rights violations in Indonesia; the institutions that presecutes human rights violators; meaning of settlement used for variation of human right violations in Indonesia that was indicated by law number 26 in 2006, containing human right courts and mentioning ad hoc courts used to judge human right violators. To resolve human rights cases that occurred in the territory of Indonesia, namely through the ad hoc court when the occurrence of human rights beore law number 26 in 2000. It law concern human rights court and the process of resolving. These human rights could also be resolved by alternative settlements through Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi that has been established before. In this article, author use normative research which used descriptive methodology with normatif judicial approach based on valid law and regulations in Indonesia. Abstrak:Kajian mengenai penegakan hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia di Indonesia sebagian menggunakan undang-undang nomor 39 tahun 1999. Sejak Indonesia secara hukum berdiri dengan pelbagai perubahan perundang-undangan, beberapa pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia belum dilaksanakan secara maksimal. Penulis akan mengelaborasi lebih jauh mengenai penegakan hukum Hak Asasi Manusia berdasarkan hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia dengan beberapa subjek permasalahan, yaitu cara penerapan hukum dalam pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia, Kelembagaan dan wewenangnya dalam penegakan pelanggaannya, serta sarana yang digunakan dalam menyelesaikan kasus pelanggaran Hak Asasi Mnusia di Indonesia. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan hukum teradap pelanggar HAM di Indonesia mengikuti Undang-Undang Nomor 26 Tahun 2000 mengenai pengadilan HAM, yang berisi ihwal pengadilan ad hoc yang digunakan untuk mengadili pelanggar Hak Asasi Manusia di wilayah Indonesia. Sebelum undang-undang ini, pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia diselesaikan melalui peradilan HAM atau Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi. Dalam artikel ini, penulis menggunakan metodologi penelitian normatif, yaitu melalui penjelasan deskritptif dengan pendekatan yuridis melalui peraturan dan regulasi yang berlaku.
Pelanggaran Ham Yang Terjadi Di Papua Dan Poso
Authors: Senjaya Rustandi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate if the legal commission has to be familiar with the fundamentals of human rights in an international setting. The strategy used in this study incorporates normative works that analyze human rights breaches in Papua and Poso from a variety of journal sources. Based on these instances, the study concludes that special measures are required in order to lessen law enforcement's infringement of human rights. For legal certainty and tangible references by all parties, the framework for international and national regulation is required. Law enforcement organizations must put in place a UN system that can quickly react to requests from States for human rights education and training initiatives, special education on standards as set out in international human rights instruments and in humanitarian law and their application to special groups such as law enforcement personnel. Abstrak: Penelitian ini ingin membuktikan apakah komisi hukum perlu memahami dasar HAM dalam konteks internasional. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kajian normative dari berbagai referensi jurnal yang membahas tentang pelanggaran HAM di Papua dan Poso. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa diperlukan pengaturan khusus berdasarkan kasus-kasus tersebut agar pelanggaran HAM oleh penegak hukum dapat berkurang. Dasar pengaturan baik secara internasional dan nasional diperlukan demi kepastian hukum dan acuan yang konkret oleh semua pihak. Lembaga-lembaga penegak hukum harus menerapkan system PBB yang dapat segera merespon permintaan dari Negara untuk kegiatan pendidikan dan pelatihan di bidang HAM pendidikan khusus tentang standar sebagaimana tercantum dalam instrumen HAM internasional dan dalam hukum humaniter dan penerapannya pada kelompok-kelompok khusus seperti personel penegak hukum.
Komparasi proses pengadaan bahan pustaka dalam pengembangan koleksi perpustakaan perguruan tinggi
Authors: Hermawan Dedy 
Published: August 2022

Pendahuluan. Artikel ini membahas tentang pengadaan bahan pustaka dengan menggunakan perbandingan studi kasus pada Perpustakaan Institut Pertanian Bogor, Perpustakaan Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta dan Perpustakaan Pelamonia Kesdam VII Wirabuana Makassar. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses pengadaan bahan pustaka pada perpustakaan. Metode penelitian. Metode yang digunakan merupakan sebuah studi literatur seperti jurnal dan buku serta bahan bacaan lain yang memuat tentang pengadaan bahan pustaka.Data analisis. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui teori yang berkaitan dengan pengadaan bahan pustaka di perpustakaan yakni pengembangan koleksi, akuisisi, jenis bahan pustaka, kriteria, serta metode pengadaan bahan pustaka. Hasil dan Pembahasan. Hasil yang didapatkan yakni pertama pada perpustakaan Universitas Pertanian Bogor melakukan pengadaan atau pembelian dengan cara swakelola, pengadaan dengan lelang serta mengalokasikan sumber dana masyarakat guna melanggan buku terbitan dari dalam negeri, jurnal, jurnal elektronik serta ebook. Kedua dari perpustakaan Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta melakukan pengadaan bahan pustaka dengan cara pembelian, tukar menukar, hadiah. Ketiga, pengadaan bahan pustaka oleh perpustakaan Pelamonia Kesdam VII Wirabuana tidak jauh berbeda dengan perpustakaan perguruan tinggi lainnya. Sistem kegiatan pengadaan koleksi yang dilakukan yaitu dengan melakukan pembelian, sumbangan serta partisipasi mahaiswa.Kesimpulan dan Saran. Proses pengadaan koleksi yang diadakan oleh perpustakaan perguruan tinggi yang dijadikan studi kasus masih banyak kekurangan terutama pada jaringan koneksi dari luar sehingga sistem pengadaan bahan pustaka menjadi kurang maksimal.
Liderazgo educativo en tiempos de pandemia: La educación no será la misma que conocimos
Authors: Villafuerte Jhonny Saulo , Cevallos Zambrano Doris Patricia 
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Identificar los estilos de liderazgo educativo que emergieron durante el primer año de la pandemia por COVID19 en el contexto de Ecuador. Originalidad/aporte: El aporte de este trabajo radica en la generación de información confiable respecto a los estilos de liderazgo educativo que durante la pandemia posibilitaron que los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje, investigación y vinculación con la comunidad se mantuvieren en las instituciones participantes de este estudio. Esta información puede ser considerada para mejorar la toma de decisiones en la gestión de las universidades ecuatorianas y de otras naciones de Latinoamérica. Método: Desde el paradigma crítico-reflexivo se opta por el enfoque cualitativo de la investigación socioeducativa. Los participantes fueron 120 profesores de universidades públicas y privadas domiciliadas en las tres provincias de mayor contagio de COVID-19 en Ecuador. Estrategias/recolección de información: Se administraron las técnicas entrevistas a profundidad, grupos focales y revisión documental. Como resultados se presentan las voces de los participantes que fueron organizadas en las siguientes categorías: gobernabilidad y gestión de la crisis sanitaria, conciliación ante los cambios en el sistema educativo y los retos que el confinamiento representó para los líderes educativos. Conclusiones: Los participantes fortalecieron los estilos de liderazgo compartido, adaptativo, resiliente y transformador para potenciar la gestión de las comunidades educativas durante la pandemia y proyectarse con rumbo a la nueva normalidad.