bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HD 60431, the CP2 star with the shortest rotational period
Authors: Mikulášek Z. , Semenko E. , Paunzen E. , Hümmerich S. , North P. L. , Bernhard K. , Krtička J. , Janík J. 
Published: October 2022

Context. CP2 stars show periodic photometric, spectroscopic, and magnetic variations with the rotational period. They are generally slow rotators, with rotational periods exceeding half a day, except for the late B-type star HD 60431, which has an unusually short rotational period of 0.4755 days. As slow rotation is deemed a necessary criterion for the establishment of chemical peculiarities, this characteristic renders HD 60431 a special object that might offer valuable insight into, and constraints on, the formation and evolution of CP2 stars.
Aims. The aims of our study are to analyse the light variability, derive atmospheric abundances, and determine the detailed physical parameters of HD 60431 to confirm its status as the CP2 star with the shortest known rotational period, with special emphasis on the rotational period evolution.
Methods. Photometric indices and high-resolution spectroscopy were employed to derive the physical parameters, evolutionary status, and atmospheric abundances of our target star. A light variability study was carried out using combined sets of photometric data from ground- and space-based facilities. A circularly polarised spectrum was employed to check the presence of a longitudinal magnetic field in the star.
Results. With an age of only 10 Myr, an effective temperature of Teff = 13 000 ± 300 K, surface gravity log g = 4.10 ± 0.10, radius R = 1.97 ± 0.09 R⊙, and mass M = 3.1 ± 0.1 M⊙, HD 60431 is situated close to the zero age main sequence; it is a member of the open cluster NGC 2547 in the Vela OB2 complex. We confirm its status as a classical late B-type CP2 star showing strong overabundances of Mg (1.8 dex), Si (1.9 dex), Ca (1.6 dex), Ti (2.2 dex), and Fe (1.8 dex). No conclusive evidence for the presence of a strong magnetic field was found in the available spectroscopic data. The light curve of HD 60431 has remained constant over the last four decades. The available photometric time series data confirm the short rotational period and indicate a slight secular increase in the rotational period of Ṗ = 2.36(19) × 10−10 = 7.5(6) ms yr−1. The following quadratic ephemeris has been derived: HJDmin(E) = 2 459 212.969 35 + 0. d475 516 64 E + 5. d62 × 10−11E2.
Conclusions. HD 60431 is indeed the CP2 star with the shortest known rotational period. Theory needs to explain the establishment and maintenance of chemical peculiarities in such a young and fast-rotating object. Our results furthermore raise the question of whether period variability on timescales significantly shorter than stellar evolution is inherent to all magnetic chemically peculiar stars.
He-star donor AM CVn stars and their progenitors as LISA sources
Authors: Liu W.-M. , Yungelson L. , Kuranov A. 
Published: October 2022

Context. Ultracompact cataclysmic variables (CVs) of the AM CVn type are deemed to be important verification sources for the future space gravitational wave detectors such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA).
Aims. We model the present-day Galactic population of AM CVn stars with He-star donors. Such a population has long expected to exist, though only a couple of candidates are known.
Methods. We applied the hybrid method of binary population synthesis (BPS) which combines a simulation of the population of immediate precursors of AM CVn stars by a fast BPS code with subsequent tracking of their evolution by a full evolutionary code.
Results. The model predicts that the present birthrate of He-donor AM CVn stars in the Galaxy is 4.6 × 10−4 yr−1 and the Galaxy may harbour ≃112 000 objects of this class which have orbital periods P ≲ 42 − 43 min. The foreground confusion limit and instrumental noise of LISA prevent the discovery of longer periods systems in gravitational waves. We find that about 500 He-star AM CVns may be detected by LISA with signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) > 5 during a 4 yr mission. Within 1 Kpc from the Sun, there may exist up to 130 He-star AM CVns with the periods in the same range, which may serve as verification binaries, if detected in the electromagnetic spectrum. In the Milky Way, there are also ≃14 800 immediate precursors of AM CVn stars. They are detached systems with a stripped low-mass He-star and a white dwarf companion, out of which about 75 may potentially be observed by LISA during its mission.
Disconjugacy of Eye Movements during Attempted Fixation: A Sufficient Marker for Amblyopia?
Authors: Irsch Kristina , Guyton David L. , Geary Robert B. , Tian Jing , Gramatikov Boris I. , Ying Howard S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background To investigate whether detection of disconjugacy of eye movements during attempted fixation, or interocular position instability, may serve as a single sensitive test for
amblyopia.
Patients/Methods and Material Binocular eye movements were recorded at 500 Hz using the EyeLink 1000 eye tracker (SR Research Ltd., Kanata, Ontario, Canada) and analyzed using
EyeLink software and Matlab (MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA). Eight subjects (four amblyopes, one successfully treated amblyope, and three non-amblyopes: 7 – 44 years) were asked to fixate on a
stationary cross subtending 0.5° at 57 cm. Interocular position instability was quantified by calculating the minimum area bivariate contour ellipse (BCEA) encompassing 68% of the difference
between right and left eye position points during 20-second viewing epochs. For statistical analysis, BCEA values, as well as visual acuity and stereoacuity, were normalized by base-10
logarithm transformation.
Results The amblyopic subjects with persistent vision loss (one anisometropic, two strabismic, one deprivation; uncorrected visual acuity range 20/60 – 20/300, corrected stereoacuity
range nil-400 arcsec) showed significantly higher interocular position instability (larger 68% BCEAs) than the non-amblyopic subjects (uncorrected visual acuity range 20/20 – 20/800,
corrected stereoacuities of 20 arcsec) and the successfully treated strabismic amblyope (to the 20/20 level of visual acuity and 70 arcsec of stereoacuity) during binocular viewing trials;
p < 0.01. Interocular position stability was strongly correlated with stereoacuity (in that better stereoacuity was associated with lower 68% BCEAs; r = 0.95), but not with visual acuity
(r = 0.20).
Conclusion Interocular position instability appears to differentiate amblyopic from non-amblyopic subjects and appears to improve after successful treatment. Interocular position
instability may therefore prove to be a single sensitive test for the presence of amblyopia. As a difference measure, it is inherently less susceptible to head motion and calibration error,
as well as to conjugate eye motion, and as such is expected to be somewhat immune to latent nystagmus. Interocular position instability may also be useful to guide treatment, especially in
preverbal children, and to assess the efficacy of novel treatments. Further research is required to establish optimal interocular position instability thresholds and to determine how
specific this measure is to amblyopia.
How Lingering Fusional Adaptation Influences the Bielschowsky Head Tilt Test in Superior Oblique Paresis
Authors: Irsch Kristina , Guyton David L. , Ying Howard S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background The lack of a positive Bielschowsky head tilt test (BHTT) is commonly seen as an indicator that superior oblique paresis (SOP) is not present. This study investigated the
influence of fusion on the BHTT in unilateral SOP.
Patients/Methods and Material We analyzed vertical fusional vergence using our eye-tracking haploscope and the value of BHTT difference (BHTTD) in 11 patients who were diagnosed with
congenital unilateral SOP and able to fuse.
Results Patients used one of three different mechanisms of vertical vergence to achieve fusion. The three fusional mechanisms were associated with a significantly different BHTTD
(p < 0.05). Seven of the eleven patients used vertical recti-mediated fusion and had a mean BHTTD ± SD of 21.7 ± 6.3 prism diopters (PD). Three of these patients whom we measured after a
patch test for at least 30 min showed a decreased BHTTD (12.7 ± 3.8 PD). Three of the eleven patients used a mixed (oblique/rectus) fusional mechanism and had a mean BHTTD ± SD of 9.3 ± 8.6
PD. Of these patients, the one whom we measured after patching showed an increase of 11 PD in BHTTD. The remaining patient used oblique muscle-mediated fusion and had a BHTTD of only 3 PD
that increased to 21 PD after patching. One explanation for this BHTT behavior in the latter patient involves lingering vergence adaptation of the “paretic” superior oblique muscle (SOM) and
contralateral inferior oblique muscle, which makes these muscles more effective when activated, as is the case on ipsilateral head tilt (part of the ocular counter-roll mechanism), lessening
the expected increase in hyperdeviation. Similarly, in our patients with mixed fusion, the vergence-adapted “paretic” SOM and contralateral superior rectus muscle are activated on
ipsilateral and contralateral tilt, respectively, lessening the hyperdeviation in both directions. In the other seven patients, however, the vergence-adapted ipsilateral inferior rectus
muscle and contralateral superior rectus muscle are activated on contralateral tilt, accentuating the BHTTD.
Conclusion Depending upon the specific muscles used for vertical fusion, the BHTTD is decreased or increased. The presence of a large BHTTD points to lingering or persisting fusional
tonus involving the vertical rectus muscles. The lack of a positive BHTT does not rule out the diagnosis of SOP, but rather may be caused by lingering or persevering fusional tonus involving
the oblique muscles. Performing the BHTT after a patch test for a minimum of 30 minutes may be necessary to reveal the BHTTD, supporting the diagnosis of SOP.
Successful Late Treatment of Orbital Infantile Haemangiomas in Two Teenagers with Topical Transcutaneous Timolol Maleate 0.5% Alone
Authors: Hildebrand Göran Darius , Sipkova Zuzana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe previously described the first successful treatment of deep periocular and, subsequently, orbital infantile haemangiomas (IH) with topical transcutaneous timolol maleate 0.5% (TM 0.5%) alone as the first-line treatment in the acute proliferative phase in infancy. It is not known whether orbital IH with persistent proptosis in later years, untreated in infancy, would still respond to TM 0.5% treatment as well. To our best knowledge, we here present the first reports of the successful late treatment of persistent orbital IH with topical timolol maleate 0.5% applied to the skin overlying the orbital IH in two teenagers. Case 1 was an 11-year-old girl with proptosis measuring 4 mm before and 7 mm after Valsalva manoeuvre that diminished to 1 mm after topical treatment. Case 2 was a 10-year-old girl with 2 mm (before) and 4 mm proptosis (after Valsalva) that decreased to 0 mm proptosis with topical treatment. The time to resolution was 19 months (case 1) and 13 months (case 2). The treatment dose was 3 drops of TM 0.5% applied an average of 1.94 (case 1) and two times daily (case 2). In comparison to proptosis, resolution of periorbital swelling required less treatment time. There was no recurrence of either proptosis or periorbital swelling 1 year after stopping treatment in either case. The findings indicate that beta-blockers are effective not just in the proliferative but also in the late involutional phase in older children. No adverse clinical effects were noted throughout treatment in either case. The presence of increased proptosis with a Valsalva manoeuvre predicts a significant persistent vascular compartment in the orbital IH and may thus serve as a simple predictive clinical sign of likely treatment success. We recommend that a trial with this well-tolerated treatment form is considered in persistent cases of orbital IH, especially in the presence of enhanced proptosis with a Valsalva manoeuvre.
Development and Validation of a GC-FID Method for the Quantitation of 20 Different Acidic and Neutral Cannabinoids
Authors: Gul Waseem , Ibrahim Elsayed A. , Gul Sharjeel W. , Shahzadi Iram , Radwan Mohamed M. , Chandra Suman , Lata Hemant , ElSohly Mahmoud A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFor decades, Cannabis sativa had been illegal to sell or consume around the world, including in the United States. However, in light of the recent 2018 Farm Bill and the legalization of hemp across the US, various cannabis preparations have flooded the market, making it essential to be able to quantitate the levels of the different acidic and neutral cannabinoids in C. sativa and to have a complete cannabinoid profile of the different chemovars of the cannabis plant. A GC-FID method was developed and validated for the analysis of 20 acidic and neutral cannabinoids as trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives. The analyzed cannabinoids include cannabidivarinic acid (CBDVA), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabinolic acid (CBNA), cannabielsoic acid (CBEA), cannabicyclolic acid (CBLA), cannabichromenic acid (CBCA), trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarinic acid (Δ9-THCVA), trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (Δ9-THCAA), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabicyclol (CBL), cannabidivarin (CBDV), trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), cannabichromene (CBC), trans-Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC), trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabinol (CBN), cannabicitran (CBT), and cannabielsoin (CBE). The method limit of detection (LOD) was as low as 0.1 µg/mL, while the limit of quantitation ranged from 0.25 µg/mL to 0.5 µg/mL. The precision (%RSD) was < 10%, while trueness ranged from 90 – 107%. The developed method is simple, accurate, and sensitive for the quantitation of all 20 acidic and neutral cannabinoids. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied to the quantitation of the cannabinoids in different cannabis chemovars grown at the University of Mississippi.
Pacemaker after Sutureless and Rapid-Deployment Prostheses: A Progress Report from the SURD-IR
Authors: Pollari Francesco , Berretta Paolo , Albertini Alberto , Carrel Thierry , Teoh Kevin , Meuris Bart , Villa Emmanuel , Kappert Utz , Andreas Martin , Solinas Marco , Misfeld Martin , Savini Carlo , Fiore Antonio , Shrestha Malakh , Santarpino Giuseppe , Martinelli Gian Luca , Mignosa Carmelo , Glauber Mattia , Yan Tristan , Fischlein Theodor , Di Eusanio Marco 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the need for postoperative permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) following sutureless and rapid-deployment aortic valve replacement (SuRD-AVR) in the context of a progress report from a large multicenter international registry (SURD-IR).
Methods We retrospectively analyzed 4,166 patients who underwent SuRD-AVR between 2008 and 2019. The primary outcome was the need for PPI before discharge. The study population was analyzed separately according to the implanted prostheses (Su cohort and RD cohort). Each cohort was divided into two groups based on the operation date: an early group (“EG” = 2008–2016) and a late group (“LG” = 2017–2019).
Results The rate of PPI decreased significantly in the Su cohort over time (EG = 10.8% vs LG = 6.3%, p < 0.001). In the Su cohort, a decrease in age, risk profile, and incidence of bicuspid aortic valve, increased use of anterior right thoracotomy, reduction of cardiopulmonary bypass time and of associated procedures, and more frequent use of smaller prostheses were observed over time. In the RD cohort, the rate of PPI was stable over time (EG = 8.8% vs LG = 9.3%, p = 0.8). In this cohort, a younger age, lower risk profile, and higher incidence of concomitant septal myectomy were observed over time.
Conclusion Our analysis showed a significant decrease in the PPI rate in patients who underwent Su-AVR over time. Patient selection as well as surgical improvements and a more accurate sizing could be correlated with this phenomenon. The RD cohort revealed no significant differences either in patient's characteristics or in PPI rate between the two time periods.
Omental Flap for Complex Sternal Wounds and Mediastinal Infection Following Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Li Jing , Stadlbauer Andrea , Floerchinger Bernhard , Song Zhiyang , Goetz Markus , Lunz Dirk , Schmid Christof 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction Omental flap (OF) is a traditional surgical option to counteract severe postcardiotomy mediastinal infection and to cover extensive sternal defects. We reviewed our experience with omental flap transfer (OFT) in various clinical circumstances, in which omentoplasty may be considered by cardiac surgeons.
Methods Twenty-one patients, who underwent OFT from January 2012 to December 2021, were studied. The main indication was treatment of infected foreign material implants including vascular grafts and ventricular assist devices or prevention of its infection (16 patients). In five patients, an OFT was used to cure mediastinitis following deep sternal wound infection after median sternotomy.
Results All patients had a high surgical risk with 3 ± 1.9 previous sternotomies and a mean Euro Score II of 55.0 ± 20.1. OF was successful in its prophylactic or therapeutic purpose in all patients, no complications related to the operative procedure were noted, that is, no early or late flap failure and no herniation of abdominal organs occurred. In-hospital mortality was six patients as three patients each died from multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and cerebral hemorrhage. All fifteen patients discharged demonstrated rapid recovery, complete wound healing without fistula, and no late gastrointestinal complications. The mean follow-up of 18 months was uneventful.
Conclusion OFT seems to be an excellent solution for extensive mediastinal and deep sternal wound infections.
Gas scintillation mitigation in gas Cherenkov detectors for inertial confinement fusion (invited)
Authors: Geppert-Kleinrath Hermann , Kim Yongho , Meaney Kevin , Rubery Michael , Carrera Jorge , Mariscal Eddie 
Published: October 2022

Gas Cherenkov detectors provide a time resolved measurement of the fusion burn in inertial confinement fusion experiments. The fusion rate delivers critical benchmark figures, such as burn width and bang time. Recent detector improvements pushed temporal resolution to 10 ps to make burn width measurements on igniting targets possible. First high temporal resolution measurements using CO2 gas fills had a background signal with a long decay length (tail), which was caused by gas scintillation. This gas scintillation limits the ability of the detector to resolve short burn width and high frequency features in the fusion rate measurements. A thorough investigation of the cause of the tail and mitigation options for gas scintillation is presented here. As a near-term resolution, neon gas is being used to extract fusion burn histories. Paths forward for the next generation of gas Cherenkov detectors are identified including the usage of oxygen as a Cherenkov medium.
The fourth-order algebraic diagrammatic construction scheme for the polarization propagator
Authors: Leitner J. , Dempwolff A. L. , Dreuw A. 
Published: October 2022

Until today, perturbation-theoretical consistent algebraic diagrammatic construction (ADC) schemes for the polarization propagator had been derived and implemented up to third order. They have turned out to be versatile and reliable ab initio single-reference methods for the quantum chemical investigation of electronic transitions as well as excited-state properties. Here we present, for the first time, the derivation of consistent fourth-order ADC(4) schemes exploiting novel techniques of automated equation and code generation. The accuracies of the resulting ADC(4) excitation energies have been benchmarked against recent high-level, near exact reference data. The mean absolute error for singly and doubly excited states turns out to be smaller than 0.1 and 0.5 eV, respectively. These developments open also new avenues toward highly accurate ADC methods for electron-detached and attached states.
Photoacoustic image-guided biomimetic nanoparticles targeting rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Chen Jianhai , Zeng Silue , Xue Qiang , Hong Yuchuan , Liu Liangjian , Song Liang , Fang Chihua , Zhang Hai , Wang Benguo , Sedgwick Adam C. , Zhang Peng , Sessler Jonathan L. , Liu Chengbo , Chen Jingqin 
Published: October 2022

The high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) microenvironment (RAM) and its persistent inflammatory nature can promote damage to joints, bones, and the synovium. Targeting strategies that integrate effective RAM regulation with imaging-based monitoring could lead to improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of RA. Here, we report the combined use of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs
T/I
) and Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) to silence the expression of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α/IL-6 and scavenge the ROS associated with RAM. To enhance the in vitro and in vivo biological stability, biocompatibility, and targeting capability of the siRNAs
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and PBNPs, macrophage membrane vesicles were used to prepare biomimetic nanoparticles, M@P-siRNAs
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. The resulting constructs were found to suppress tumor necrosis factor-α/interleukin-6 expression and overcome the hypoxic nature of RAM, thus alleviating RA-induced joint damage in a mouse model. The M@P-siRNAs
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of this study could be monitored via near-infrared photoacoustic (PA) imaging. Moreover, multispectral PA imaging without the need for labeling permitted the real-time evaluation of M@P-siRNAs
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as a putative RA treatment. Clinical microcomputed tomography and histological analysis confirmed the effectiveness of the treatment. We thus suggest that macrophage-biomimetic M@P-siRNAs
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and their analogs assisted by PA imaging could provide a new strategy for RA diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring.
Speech competence and speech performance
Authors: Sun Peijian Paul , Zhang Lawrence Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study examined Chinese-as-a-second-language (L2 Chinese) learners’ speech production ability from a dual perspective: speech competence and speech performance. A total of 118 valid L2 Chinese learners finished two developed tests in this study, namely, the Chinese speech competence test and the Chinese speech performance test. The results suggested that L2 Chinese learners’ speech competence and speech performance, as a twofold rendering of their L2 speech production ability, not only showed a significant positive correlation with a large effect size (Pearson’sr = .598) but also significantly predicted each other with a large effect size (Cohenf2 = .555). However, such large effect sizes of the correlation and the prediction between speech competence and speech performance were not supported among the upper-intermediate L2 Chinese learners. This suggested that the development between speech competence and speech performance may be more unbalanced among the upper-intermediate L2 Chinese learners compared with their advanced counterparts. The study adds evidence to the call for a multidimensional evaluation of L2 speech production ability. It is hoped that the dual approach (i.e., speech competence and speech performance) proposed in the present study may contribute to a more comprehensive evaluation of learners’ L2 Chinese speech production ability. Consequently, classroom-based teaching can be tailored to facilitate a more balanced development of L2 Chinese learners’ speech competence and speech performance.