bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the relationship between health professionals' organizational commitment and job satisfaction: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Çınar Fadime , Çapar Hasim , Mermerkaya Samet 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis meta-analysis aimed to examine health professionals' job satisfaction and organizational commitment.Design/methodology/approachThis research was conducted using the meta-analysis method, one of the quantitative research methods. A preliminary literature search was conducted to determine keywords over the internet access network. With screening, keywords such as “Organizational commitment,” “Organizational loyalty,” “Job satisfaction,” “job satisfaction,” “Healthcare worker,” “Organizational commitment,” “Organizational faith,” “job satisfaction,” “Job saturation” keywords in Turkish and English were determined. Nine full-text articles published in peer-reviewed journals between 2014–2020 from the electronic databases of Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, EKUAL and Google Academic were included in the meta-analysis. The study's effect size and publication bias included in the meta-analysis were calculated using the CMA 3 (Comprehensive meta-analysis) program.FindingsThe total sample number of the studies included in the analysis is 7,218. According to the random effects model, the overall effect size between job satisfaction and organizational commitment was statistically significant, with a value of 0.544 (confidence interval [CI]; 0.445–0.629; p < 0.05). This effect size was found to be moderate, according to Cohen's classification.Originality/valueAs a result of this meta-analysis, it was determined that there is a mutual interaction between job satisfaction and organizational commitment based on the cause–effect relationship. The findings obtained determined that job satisfaction has more power to affect organizational commitment positively.
Towards inclusionary policing: a critical inquiry into the pre-trial treatment of suspects with intellectual disabilities in Ireland
Authors: Cusack Alan , Gulati Gautam , Dunne Colum P. , Kilcommins Shane 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to critically evaluate contemporary Irish police practice, with an emphasis on emergent procedural innovations, in light of the needs of suspects with intellectual disabilities.Design/methodology/approachA review of published prevalence data in respect of people with intellectual disabilities in the Irish criminal justice system, of the Irish legal and policy landscape and the results of a recent empirical inquiry are used in critical evaluation.FindingsIn line with extant international research, the article identifies three sites of concern with respect to the protocols that exist within An Garda Síochána for identifying and responding to intellectual disability, including: (1) barriers to communication; (2) a need to build awareness and skills for police and persons with intellectual disabilities; and (3) a need for institutional change to secure equal access to justice for people with intellectual disabilities. Progress is being made at a systems level towards a human rights approach in Irish policing.Originality/valueIn representing the first international analysis of its kind, the article locates the barriers confronting suspects with intellectual disabilities in Ireland within a discourse that is sensitive to ongoing research-led, procedural reforms within An Garda Síochána (Ireland's national police service). Owing to the universalised nature of these barriers across policing systems internationally, the format of these reforms from this will be of relevance to many other policing states, in particular the 162 other signatories to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities.
Solar-powered smart urban furniture: preliminary investigation on limits and potentials of current designs
Authors: Premier Alessandro , GhaffarianHoseini Ali , GhaffarianHoseini Amirhosein 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis research is focused on solar-powered (smart) urban furniture, and it is aimed at providing a classification of it and to understand the main problems related to the adoption of these devices and where future design-led research should focus.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology involved a selection of international case studies in important urban contexts focussing on three main aspects: architectural integration, context sensitivity and system visibility of photovoltaic (PV) technologies applied to smart urban furniture.FindingsThe preliminary results indicate that potential limits to the application of these technologies are urban morphology and lack of design of some solutions.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is focused on solar-powered (smart) urban furniture. Further investigation on built case studies may lead to a better understanding of the efficiency of the smart urban furniture and their appreciation by the people.Practical implicationsThis study can be useful to understand the potential use and customization of these products in New Zealand.Social implicationsIn Auckland’s central business district, these tools can be useful to help homeless people to recharge their phones and offer access to free Wi-Fi. Energy generation can be useful also for providing temporary heating during winter and so forth.Originality/valueDesign proposals and research highlight public benefits of smart urban furniture without considering aspects like their integration with the surrounding context. This is also the first study that identifies lack of design in some of the solutions available in the market.
STAT5A modulated EndMT via upregulation of ELTD1 expression in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Tian Ye , Bi Zhenhua , Ge Shuaina , Ye Bo , Han Wenjie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDiabetic nephropathy (DN), one of microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, results in renal dysfunction and end‐stage renal disease. Recently, endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EndMT) was reported to mediate glomerular endothelial dysfunction, therefore, participating in the progress of fibrosis in DN. As a special type of epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition, EndMT and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition may share corporate modulators. It was reported that epidermal growth factor (EGF), latrophilin and seven transmembrane domain containing 1 (ELTD1) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A (STAT5A) participate in epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition in some situations. In this work, we proposed that STAT5A participated in high glucose‐mediated EndMT via modulation of ELTD1 levels in DN. Our data indicated that hyperglycemia/high glucose‐induced ELTD1 and EndMT in DN rats and hyperglycemic human glomerular endothelial cells (HGECs). Additionally, high glucose mediated STAT5A nuclear translocation in HGECs. High glucose‐mediated EndMT was reversed by ELTD1 silencing. Moreover, STAT5A was found to be elevated in DN rats and hyperglycemic HGECs. The effect of high glucose‐mediated increase of ELTD1 expression and EndMT was reversed by STAT5A silencing in vitro. Further, STAT5A overexpression enhanced ELTD1 levels and EndMT, which was inhibited by si‐ELTD1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase assay represented that STAT5A directly regulated ELTD1 transcription. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A directly regulated ELTD1 transcription, therefore, participating in high glucose‐mediated EndMT in glomeruli of DN.
The association between police officers in schools and students’ longer term perceptions of police as procedurally just
Authors: Devlin Deanna N. , Rennó Santos Mateus 
Published: March 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryMuch debate exists regarding the use of police inside schools and their impacts on students. Some argue that the use of School Resource Officers (SROs) could foster positive perceptions of police. However, no research exists examining whether SROs affect perceptions of police later in life. Further, research has not evaluated how differing SRO roles impacts lasting perceptions of police. Using a regression analysis on a sample of 328 college students, this study investigated whether there is a relationship between SRO presence during the middle‐ or high‐school years and current perceptions of local law enforcement in terms of procedural justice (neutrality, voice, trust, respect). Additionally, we compared the impacts of various SRO roles including an enforcement only approach, a mixed approach (i.e., law enforcement and an additional activity such as teaching) and a full triad approach (i.e., law enforcement, teaching, and mentoring) on these perceptions. The results reveal differential impacts on perceptions depending on whether the SRO was used in middle versus high school as well as the role typology of the SRO. Though small, there were mostly negative relationships between SRO presence in middle school and lasting perceptions of procedural justice for local police, though the use of a full triad model mitigates this negative effect. In contrast, SRO usage in high school has small yet positive effects on longer term perceptions of police, but only when performing a mixed or full triad approach.Policy ImplicationsPolicy makers and school administrators should reconsider the use of SROs in middle schools as the exposure to these officers early on is associated with more negative lasting impressions of police. However, the use of SROs in high schools can be beneficial for fostering long‐term perceptions of police so long as these officers are engaged in activities beyond pure law enforcement.
Sanguinarine synergistically potentiates aminoglycoside‐mediated bacterial killing
Authors: Lu Chang , Zhang Nian , Kou Sihoi , Gao Liangliang , Peng Bo , Dai Yunlu , Zheng Jun 
Published: March 2022

SummaryAminoglycosides are one of the oldest classes of antimicrobials that are being used in current clinical practice, especially on multi‐drug resistant Gram‐negative pathogenic bacteria. However, the serious side effects at high dosage such as ototoxicity, neuropathy and nephrotoxicity limit their applications in clinical practice. Approaches that potentiate aminoglycoside killing could lower down their effective concentrations to a non‐toxic dosage for clinical treatment. In this research, we screened a compound library and identified sanguinarine that acts synergistically with various aminoglycosides. By checkerboard and dynamical killing assay, we found that sanguinarine effectively potentiated aminoglycoside killing on diverse bacterial pathogens, including Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The mechanistic studies showed an elevated intracellular ROS and DNA oxidative level in the bacterial cells treated by a combination of sanguinarine with aminoglycosides. Furthermore, an enhanced level of sanguinarine was observed in bacteria in the presence of aminoglycosides, suggesting that aminoglycosides promote the uptake of sanguinarine. Importantly, sanguinarine was shown to promote the elimination of persister cells and established biofilm cells both in vivo and in vitro. Our study provides a novel insight for approaches to lower down the clinical dosages of aminoglycosides.
Complications associated with paediatric airway management during the COVID‐19 pandemic: an international, multicentre, observational study
Authors: Peterson M. B. , Gurnaney H. G. , Disma N. , Matava C. , Jagannathan N. , Stein M. L. , Liu H. , Kovatsis P. G. , von Ungern‐Sternberg B. S. , Fiadjoe J. E. ,   the PAWS‐COVID‐19 Group
Published: March 2022

SummaryRespiratory adverse events in adults with COVID‐19 undergoing general anaesthesia can be life‐threatening. However, there remains a knowledge gap about respiratory adverse events in children with COVID‐19. We created an international observational registry to collect airway management outcomes in children with COVID‐19 who were having a general anaesthetic. We hypothesised that children with confirmed or suspected COVID‐19 would experience more hypoxaemia and complications than those without. Between 3 April 2020 and 1 November 2020, 78 international centres participated. In phase 1, centres collected outcomes on all children (age ≤ 18 y) having a general anaesthetic for 2 consecutive weeks. In phase 2, centres recorded outcomes for children with test‐confirmed or suspected COVID‐19 (based on symptoms) having a general anaesthetic. We did not study children whose tracheas were already intubated. The primary outcome was the incidence of hypoxaemia during airway management. Secondary outcomes included: incidence of other complications; and first‐pass success rate for tracheal intubation. In total, 7896 children were analysed (7567 COVID‐19 negative and 329 confirmed or presumed COVID‐19 positive). The incidence of hypoxaemia during airway management was greater in children who were COVID‐19 positive (24 out of 329 (7%) vs. 214 out of 7567 (3%); OR 2.70 (95%CI 1.70–4.10)). Children who had symptoms of COVID‐19 had a higher incidence of hypoxaemia compared with those who were asymptomatic (9 out of 51 (19%) vs. 14 out of 258 (5%), respectively; OR 3.7 (95%CI 1.5–9.1)). Children with confirmed or presumed COVID‐19 have an increased risk of hypoxaemia during airway management in conjunction with general anaesthesia.
De Ritis‐adjusted AST provides comparable efficacy to lactate dehydrogenase as a biomarker for detection of LVAD hemolysis or thrombosis
Authors: Schettle Sarah , Rosenbaum Andrew , Goodman Daniel , Stulak John 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundLactate hydrogenase (LDH) is a common biomarker utilized in the detection and monitoring of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) hemolysis and thrombosis. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) are common laboratory tests that can be used to calculate the De Ritis ratio and the De Ritis adjusted AST.MethodsA retrospective review of LVAD patients was performed to identify three cohorts of patients: those with confirmed pump thrombosis after device exchange, those with LVAD‐related hemolysis who were medically managed without pump exchange, and those who did not meet these criteria and served as the control cohort. Evaluation of AST, AST/ALT ratio (referred to as the De Ritis ratio) as well as AST x (AST/ALT) or the De Ritis‐adjusted AST (DRA) was performed.ResultsThere were 29 patients who underwent device exchange for thrombosis, 25 patients who were diagnosed with hemolysis and treated medically (clopidogrel (N = 6), heparin (N = 13), tirofiban (N = 8), eptifibatide (N = 2), and some received more than one of these treatments), and 425 control patients. A qualitatively comparable relative and absolute rise in DRA and LDH were found in both surgically managed pump thrombosis and suspected device‐related hemolysis.ConclusionsBoth AST and LDH as well DRA are significantly associated with pumpthrombosis (p < 0.0001 for each). DRA is a potential screening biomarker for hemolysis and device thrombosis in stable left ventricular assist device patients.
The impact of on‐site cardiac rhythm on mortality in patients supported with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Erdoes Gabor , Weber Daniel , Bloch Andreas , Heinisch Paul Philipp , Huber Markus , Friess Jan Oliver 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundExtracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is increasingly used in patients with out‐of‐hospital or in‐hospital cardiac arrest in whom conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation remains unsuccessful. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of initial cardiac rhythm—detected on‐site of the cardiac arrest—on mortality.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of patients who received ECPR in our tertiary care cardiac arrest center. Patients were divided into three groups depending on their cardiac rhythm: shockable rhythm, pulseless electrical activity, and asystole. The primary endpoint was mortality within the first 7 days after ECPR deployment. Secondary endpoints were mortality within 28 days and the impact of pre‐ECPR potassium, serum lactate, pH, and pCO2 on mortality. The association of the initial cardiac rhythm and the location of arrhythmia detection (patient monitored in hospital [category: monitored], not monitored but hospitalized [in‐hospital], not monitored, not hospitalized [out‐of hospital]) with the primary and secondary outcome was examined by means of univariable and multivariable logistic regression.ResultsSixty‐five patients could be included in the final analysis. Thirty‐two patients (49.2%, 95%CI 36.6%–61.9%) died within the first 7 days. In terms of 7‐day‐mortality patients differed in the initial cardiac rhythm (p = 0.040) and with respect to the location of arrhythmia detection (p = 0.002). Shockable cardiac rhythm (crude OR 0.21; 95%CI 0.03–0.98) and pulseless electrical activity (0.13; 0.02–0.61) as the initial rhythm on‐site showed better odds for survival compared to asystole. However, this association did neither persist in adjusted analysis nor pairwise comparison.DiscussionThe study could not demonstrate a better outcome with shockable rhythm after ECPR. More homogeneous and adequately powered cohorts are needed to better understand the impact of cardiac rhythm on patient outcomes after ECPR.
A review of 91 canine and feline red‐bellied black snake (Pseudechis porphyriacus) envenomation cases and lessons for improved management
Authors: Wun MK , Padula AM , Greer RM , Leister EM 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionMost cases of red‐bellied black snake (RBBS) envenomation in dogs respond favourably to treatment comprising of tiger‐brown snake antivenom (TBAV), intravenous fluid therapy, analgesia and, if indicated, mechanical ventilation and/or blood transfusion. However, there remains a subset of patients who develop fatal complications despite intensive treatment and risk factors for these occurring remain unknown. Here we present a retrospective cross‐sectional survey of 91 canine and feline RBBS envenomation cases.MethodsCases seen between June 2010 and June 2020 were retrieved from the databases of seven practices in South East and coastal Queensland. From the canine case population, logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the impact of potential risk factors at presentation on the likelihood of death. A final multivariable model was developed using a manual backwards elimination approach based on overall likelihood ratio tests and Wald chi‐square P‐values for each variable. Where model convergence failed due to quasi‐complete separation, Firth's penalised maximum likelihood method was implemented. Such separation may occur when an outcome is completely predicted by an explanatory variable in one group.ResultsOf the 88 canine cases, 7 died (8.0%), all after prognosis‐based euthanasia. Of the three feline cases, one died after unsuccessful resuscitation following cardiopulmonary arrest. Compared to survivors, dogs that died were older, exhibited pigmenturia, received antivenom later and had a higher total plasma protein (TPP), activated clotting time (ACT) and lower packed cell volume (PCV) at presentation.
“We want to live a little longer and our family want[s] us around”: A summative content analysis of adherence to COVID‐19‐related guidelines using the Theoretical Domains Framework
Authors: Leather Jessica Z. , Keyworth Chris , Epton Tracy , Goldthorpe Joanna , Ulph Fiona , Armitage Christopher J. 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivePublic adherence to COVID‐19‐related government guidance varied during the initial lockdown in the UK, but the determinants of public adherence to such guidance are unclear. We capture spontaneous reflections on adherence to UK government guidance from a representative UK sample, and use the TDF to identify key determinants of COVID‐related behaviours.DesignThe design was cross‐sectional.MethodsQualitative data were collected from a large sample of UK adults (N = 2,252) via an online questionnaire as part of a wider survey about the UK public’s responses to the government’s COVID‐19‐related guidance. Summative content analysis was used to identify key guideline terms in the data, followed by latent analysis to interpret the underlying meanings behind the terms using the TDF as an analytical framework.ResultsSix TDF domains were identified in the data: Environmental Context and Resources; Beliefs about Consequences; Social Influences; Memory, Attention and Decision Processes; Emotion; and Knowledge. Although the samples were motivated and capable of adhering, limitations in their environments, resources, and social support mechanisms restricted behaviour. Self‐reported adherence was sensitive to positive and negative beliefs about the effectiveness of the measures, in addition to interpretations of the terms ‘essential’ and ‘necessary’ in the guidance.ConclusionsDespite extensive structural obstacles to adherence, the majority of the British public were able to follow government COVID‐19‐related instructions, provided they had sufficient resources, social support, and positive perceptions about the effectiveness of the measures. Ambiguities surrounding key terminology in the guidance left room for interpretation, which may have contributed to non‐adherence.
A systematic review of maternal diabetes and congenital skeletal malformation
Authors: Shah Krupa , Shah Hitesh 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe magnitude of association of skeletal anomalies with maternal diabetes is not known. The systemic review was done to detect the frequency of congenital skeletal malformations with diabetes mellitus in pregnancy in the literature evidence of the past 50 years. Literature on maternal diabetes and skeletal malformation was searched by two independent authors by following PRISMA guidelines. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were followed. After quality assessment, 21 original articles were included. The frequency of congenital malformation, skeletal malformation was extracted from the included studies. 11,574 congenital anomalies were detected diabetic mothers. 1182 skeletal anomalies were noted in 20,11 552 diabetic mothers. The skeletal malformation was noted in 20.4% of total anomalies. The most common skeletal malformation was the defect of the spine (39.9%). The limb deficiency was found in 32.8% of the infants of diabetic mothers. The skeletal malformations were higher, that is, 24.6% in pre‐gestational diabetes. The incidence of skeletal malformation from the evidence was 1.5% (range: 0.03–4.27%) in maternal diabetes. Pre‐gestation diabetes is more frequently associated with skeletal malformations, which is 1.9% (range: 0.07–5.89%). The association of congenital malformations and skeletal malformations in diabetic pregnancy is significant and hence, effective management of diabetes in childbearing age is essential to reduce this incidence and related long‐term morbidity.