THE IMPACT OF GENDER COMPOSITION AND EMOTIONAL BEHAVIOR CHANGES ON DECISION-MAKING AND MANAGEMENT IN ORGANIZATIONS: A CASE STUDY OF SOME COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES IN CHINA AND THE PHILIPPINES
Authors: Feng Shuo , Qi Yao , Magdarog Jr. Gualberto A , Wang Lei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Every organization anywhere in the world has a different gender composition, and its psychological behavior affects management, philosophy, culture and decision-making, as well as educational institutions. The general definition of gender, especially when considering social and cultural differences rather than biological differences, refers more broadly to a range of identities that are inconsistent with established concepts of men and women. Since both men and women are dominant, organizational identity will also be affected, including its decision-making process. The influence of gender composition and psychological behavior of educational institutions in neighboring countries on organizational decision-making and management is an important issue to be considered in Sino foreign cooperative education. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of gender composition and psychological behavior of selected educational institutions in China and the Philippines on organizational decision-making and management, in order to provide some references for Sino foreign cooperative education.

Subjects and Methods
The data were from managers and students of two universities in China and the Philippines. The collection was done through questionnaires sent by email and social media. Descriptive research and quantitative research design were used to describe how gender composition in the group affects respondents' decision-making. The weighted average of the responses and their standard deviation are used to summarize the responses, and the degree of difference between the responses is measured respectively. According to principal component analysis, the questionnaire is divided into seven independent and internally consistent dimensions. This study used the emotional regulation self-efficacy scale (RES-C), which was compiled by Caprara and revised in 2008. The scale includes three dimensions: expressing positive emotional self-efficacy (POS), regulating depression, painful emotional self-efficacy (DES) and regulating anger / anger emotional self-efficacy (ANG). The scale is composed of 12 items, and each dimension corresponds to four items. The 5-point scoring method is adopted, that is, “1 is very inconsistent, 2 is not very consistent, 3 is general, 4 is relatively consistent, and 5 is very consistent”. The higher the score, the higher the sense of emotional regulation self-efficacy. This study adopts the Chinese version translated and revised by Yu Guoliang in 2009. The internal consistency coefficient of 12 items is 0.85, among which the internal consistency coefficients of POS, DES and ang pairs are 0.85, 0, 79 and 0.77 respectively. The internal consistency coefficient of the scale in this study is 0.785.

Results
The survey results show that when Chinese male and female managers are combined in an organization, they tend to become more principled in making decisions. When male and female managers and students in the Philippines were merged into one organization, they were reluctant to make any decision. The results help to understand everyone's reaction and reaction to the decision-making process.

Conclusion
According to the analysis results, Chinese organizations are mainly women, and decision-making is based on social cognition of organizations. Therefore, more consultation is expected. In the Philippines, male and female managers and students are more cautious, analytical and thoughtful before making any decision. Therefore, more time is needed before any decision is made and all situations, aspects and possible results are considered. In short, we should fully consider the important influence of learning emotion and behavior, actively pay attention to the changes of their psychological emotion and behavior and their impact on active and active behavior, and strive to tune builders, managers, coordinators and collaborators. We should actively organize rich activities flexibly according to the psychological characteristics of this part of the group, strive to build a relaxed and harmonious living atmosphere, create a friendly and mutual aid relationship, encourage and guide this part of the group, adjust their psychology to the best state, and promote the healthy construction of their good cognition and mood.

Acknowledgments
Supported by the Important Project of the Ministry of Education in National Educational Science Planning-Research on the Interactive Relationship between the Spatial Structure of Regional Enterprises and the Supply of Talents in Local Colleges under the Urban Transformation sight. (Grant No. DIA210365).