bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geospatial analysis of reported activity locations to identify sites for tuberculosis screening
Authors: Yuen Courtney M. , Brooks Meredith B. , Millones Ana Karina , Acosta Diana , Del Águila-Rojas Erika , Campos Hortencia , Farroñay Sheyla , Morales Giannina , Ramirez-Sandoval Judith , Nichols Tim C. , Jimenez Judith , Jenkins Helen E. , Lecca Leonid 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMobile screening units can help close tuberculosis case detection gaps. Placing screening units where people at high risk for undiagnosed tuberculosis preferentially spend time could make screening more resource-effective. We conducted a case–control study in Lima, Peru to identify locations where people with tuberculosis were more likely to spend time than community controls. We surveyed participants about activity locations over the past 6 months. We used density-based clustering to assess how patient and control activity locations differed, and logistic regression to compare location-based exposures. We included 109 tuberculosis patients and 79 controls. In density-based clustering analysis, the two groups had similar patterns of living locations, but their work locations clustered in distinct areas. Both groups were similarly likely to use public transit, but patients predominantly used buses and were less likely to use rapid transit (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.10–0.96) or taxis (aOR 0.42, 95% CI 0.21–0.85). Patients were more likely to have spent time in prison (aOR 11.55, 95% CI 1.48–90.13). Placing mobile screening units at bus terminals serving locations where tuberculosis patients have worked and within and around prisons could help reach people with undiagnosed tuberculosis.
Cytidine deaminase activity increases in the blood of breast cancer patients
Authors: Buhagiar-Labarchède Géraldine , Onclercq-Delic Rosine , Vacher Sophie , Berger Frédérique , Bièche Ivan , Stoppa-Lyonnet Dominique , Amor-Guéret Mounira 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCytidine deaminase (CDA), an enzyme of the pyrimidine salvage pathway, deaminates cytidine, deoxycytidine and analogs, such as gemcitabine. Constitutive low levels of CDA activity have been reported in the blood of patients with hematological malignancies or suffering from gemcitabine toxicity. We previously reported that cellular CDA deficiency leads to genetic instability. We therefore hypothesized that constitutive CDA deficiency might confer a predisposition to cancer. We analyzed CDA activity and expression in blood samples from breast cancer (BC) patients with a suspected predisposition to the disease, and in healthy controls. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found that both CDA activity and mRNA levels were higher in blood samples from BC patients than in those from controls, and that this difference was not due to excess neutrophils. CDA activity levels were significantly higher in the serum samples of BC patients treated by radiotherapy (RT) than in those of untreated healthy controls, and hormone therapy in RT-treated BC patients was associated with significantly lower levels of CDA activity. A preliminary analysis of CDA activity in the serum of the very few BC patients who had undergone no treatment other than surgery suggested that the increase in CDA activity might be due to the breast cancer itself. Our findings raise important questions, which should lead to studies to elucidate the origin and significance of the increase in CDA activity in the serum of BC patients, and the impact of hormone therapy.
Molecular engineering of several butterfly-shaped hole transport materials containing dibenzo[b,d]thiophene core for perovskite photovoltaics
Authors: Shariatinia Zahra , Sarmalek Seyed-Iman 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSeveral butterfly-shaped materials composed of dibenzo[b,d]thiophene (DBT) and dibenzo-dithiophene (DBT5) cores were designed as hole transporting materials (HTMs) and their properties were studied by density functional theory (DFT) computations for usage in mesoscopic n-i-p perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To choose suitable HTMs, it was displayed that both of lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energies of molecules were located higher than those of CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) perovskite as they were able to transfer holes from the MAPbI3 toward Ag cathode. Negative solvation energy (ΔEsolvation) values for all HTMs (within the range of − 5.185 to − 18.140 kcal/mol) revealed their high solubility and stability within CH2Cl2 solvent. The DBT5-COMe demonstrated the lowest values of band gap (Eg = 3.544) and hardness (η = 1.772 eV) (the greatest chemical activity) and DBT5-CF3 displayed the biggest η = 1.953 eV (maximum stability) that were predominantly valuable for effective HTMs. All HTMs presented appropriately high LHEs from 0.8793 to 0.9406. In addition, the DBT5 and DBT5-SH depicted the lowest exciton binding energy (Eb) values of 0.881 and 0.880 eV which confirmed they could produce satisfactory results for the PSCs assembled using these materials. The DBT5-SH and DBT5-H had maximum hole mobility (μh) values of 6.031 × 10–2 and 1.140 × 10–2 which were greater than those measured for the reference DBT5 molecule (μh = 3.984 × 10–4 cm2/V/s) and about 10 and 100 times superior to the calculated and experimental μh values for well-known Spiro-OMeTAD. The DBT5-COOH illustrated the biggest open circuit voltage (VOC), fill factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) values of 1.166 eV, 0.896 and 23.707%, respectively, establishing it could be as the best HTM candidate for high performance PSCs.
Effects of Thai native chicken breast meat consumption on serum uric acid level, biochemical parameters, and antioxidant activities in rats
Authors: Potue Prapassorn , Chiangsaen Petcharat , Maneesai Putcharawipa , Khamseekaew Juthamas , Pakdeechote Poungrat , Chankitisakul Vibuntita , Boonkum Wuttigrai , Duanghaklang Natthaya , Duangjinda Monchai 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of a high protein diet comprising breast meat from commercial broiler (BR), Thai native (PD), and commercial broiler × Thai native crossbred (KKU-ONE) chicken on serum uric acid, biochemical parameters, and antioxidant activities in rats. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into four groups. The control group received a standard chow diet, and the other three groups were fed a high protein diet (70% standard diet + 30% BR, PD, or KKU-ONE chicken breast) for five weeks. The PD- and KKU-ONE-fed rats had lower plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride levels than the control rats. A decrease in HDL-c was also observed in rats fed a diet containing BR. Liver weight, liver enzyme, plasma ALP, xanthine oxidase activity, serum uric acid, creatinine, superoxide production, and plasma malondialdehyde levels increased in BR-fed rats. The findings of this study might provide evidence to support the use of Thai native and Thai native crossbred chicken breast meat as functional foods.
A framework for digital health equity
Authors: Richardson Safiya , Lawrence Katharine , Schoenthaler Antoinette M. , Mann Devin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe present a comprehensive Framework for Digital Health Equity, detailing key digital determinants of health (DDoH), to support the work of digital health tool creators in industry, health systems operations, and academia. The rapid digitization of healthcare may widen health disparities if solutions are not developed with these determinants in mind. Our framework builds on the leading health disparities framework, incorporating a digital environment domain. We examine DDoHs at the individual, interpersonal, community, and societal levels, discuss the importance of a root cause, multi-level approach, and offer a pragmatic case study that applies our framework.
Biophysical differences in IgG1 Fc-based therapeutics relate to their cellular handling, interaction with FcRn and plasma half-life
Authors: Gjølberg Torleif Tollefsrud , Frick Rahel , Mester Simone , Foss Stian , Grevys Algirdas , Høydahl Lene Støkken , Jørstad Øystein Kalsnes , Schlothauer Tilman , Sandlie Inger , Moe Morten C. , Andersen Jan Terje 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAntibody-based therapeutics (ABTs) are used to treat a range of diseases. Most ABTs are either full-length IgG1 antibodies or fusions between for instance antigen (Ag)-binding receptor domains and the IgG1 Fc fragment. Interestingly, their plasma half-life varies considerably, which may relate to how they engage the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn). As such, there is a need for an in-depth understanding of how different features of ABTs affect FcRn-binding and transport behavior. Here, we report on how FcRn-engagement of the IgG1 Fc fragment compare to clinically relevant IgGs and receptor domain Fc fusions, binding to VEGF or TNF-α. The results reveal FcRn-dependent intracellular accumulation of the Fc, which is in line with shorter plasma half-life than that of full-length IgG1 in human FcRn-expressing mice. Receptor domain fusion to the Fc increases its half-life, but not to the extent of IgG1. This is mirrored by a reduced cellular recycling capacity of the Fc-fusions. In addition, binding of cognate Ag to ABTs show that complexes of similar size undergo cellular transport at different rates, which could be explained by the biophysical properties of each ABT. Thus, the study provides knowledge that should guide tailoring of ABTs regarding optimal cellular sorting and plasma half-life.
Differential ion mobility mass spectrometry in immunopeptidomics identifies neoantigens carrying colorectal cancer driver mutations
Authors: Minegishi Yuriko , Kiyotani Kazuma , Nemoto Kensaku , Inoue Yoshikage , Haga Yoshimi , Fujii Risa , Saichi Naomi , Nagayama Satoshi , Ueda Koji 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the properties of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) peptides (immunopeptides) is essential for precision cancer medicine, while the direct identification of immunopeptides from small biopsies of clinical tissues by mass spectrometry (MS) is still confronted with technical challenges. Here, to overcome these hindrances, high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) is introduced to conduct differential ion mobility (DIM)-MS by seamless gas-phase fractionation optimal for scarce samples. By established DIM-MS for immunopeptidomics analysis, on average, 42.9 mg of normal and tumor colorectal tissues from identical patients (n = 17) were analyzed, and on average 4921 immunopeptides were identified. Among these 44,815 unique immunopeptides, two neoantigens, KRAS-G12V and CPPED1-R228Q, were identified. These neoantigens were confirmed by synthetic peptides through targeted MS in parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) mode. Comparison of the tissue-based personal immunopeptidome revealed tumor-specific processing of immunopeptides. Since the direct identification of neoantigens from tumor tissues suggested that more potential neoantigens have yet to be identified, we screened cell lines with known oncogenic KRAS mutations and identified 2 more neoantigens that carry KRAS-G12V. These results indicated that the established FAIMS-assisted DIM-MS is effective in the identification of immunopeptides and potential recurrent neoantigens directly from scarce samples such as clinical tissues.
A thermodynamic investigation of amyloid precursor protein processing by human γ-secretase
Authors: Lu Xiaoli , Huang Jing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHuman γ-secretase cleaves the transmembrane domains (TMDs) of amyloid precursor protein (APP) into pathologically relevant amyloid-β peptides (Aβs). The detailed mechanisms of the unique endoproteolytic cleavage by the presenilin 1 domain (PS1) of γ-secretase are still poorly understood. Herein, we provide thermodynamic insights into how the α-helical APP TMD is processed by γ-secretase and elucidate the specificity of Aβ48/Aβ49 cleavage using unbiased molecular dynamics and bias-exchange metadynamics simulations. The thermodynamic data show that the unwinding of APP TMD is driven by water hydration in the intracellular pocket of PS1, and the scissile bond T32-L33 or L33-V34 of the APP TMD can slide down and up to interact with D257/D385 to achieve endoproteolysis. In the wild-type system, the L33-V34 scissile bond is more easily hijacked by D257/D385 than T32-L33, resulting in higher Aβ49 cleavage, while the T32N mutation on the APP TMD decreases the energy barrier of the sliding of the scissile bonds and increases the hydrogen bond occupancy for Aβ48 cleavage. In summary, the thermodynamic analysis elucidates possible mechanisms of APP TMD processing by PS1, which might facilitate rational drug design targeting γ-secretase.
Bionic superhydrophobic surfaces based on topography of copper oxides
Authors: Chen Chen , Zhan Haiyang , Bai Xiangge , Yuan Zichao , Zhao Lei , Liu Yahua , Feng Shile 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSuperhydrophobic surfaces (SHSs) exist in many biological organisms endowed by spectacular surface topographies, which provide important insights to drive a paradigm shift in design of engineering surfaces. Based on this, extensive progresses have been developed on bionic superhydrophobic strategies. Among them, SHSs based on topography of copper oxides exhibit considerable application prospects because of the steerability and diversity of topography, as well as additional performances, such as antibiosis, anticorrosion and catalysis. We first present a brief overview of the discovery of natural SHSs as well as fundamental understanding of surface wetting performance. Then, the structural effects in superhydrophobic systems based on the topographies of biological organisms and copper oxides are described. Finally, we highlight the perspectives on the novel design strategies of copper oxide‐based SHSs that adapt to various practical applications.
A propagation model for package loss refinement in VVC
Authors: Im Sio‐Kei , Chan Ka‐Hou 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA propagation model for the CABAC entropy codec for VTM is proposed and analysed in terms of its effective estimation and packing loss. In order to be compatible and implement a next‐generation coding framework, the proposed model is designed taking into account the conditions of multiple estimators while minimising the increased complexity caused by the inherent dependencies of CABAC through various optimisations, including contextual forwarding and drop rate configurations. The complete algorithm and description have been briefly introduced. Experiments have shown that inter‐modal quality refinement can be achieved up to 1.0 dB improvement in a coded environment.
Analysis of influencing factors on buffer layer discharge for high‐voltage XLPE cable
Authors: Wu Zhiheng , Lai Qingbo , Zhou Wenqing , Liu Xiaodong , Chen Jie , Hu Libin , Hao Yanpeng , Liu Gang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the high‐voltage (HV) cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) cable, the buffer layer has the function of electrical connection and water‐blocking. However, after water invades cables, the buffer layer discharge defect may occur, which can lead to the breakdown accident of cable line. It does serious harm to the safe and stable operation of the power system. At present, the buffer layer discharge defect has not been sufficiently investigated in existing research. This paper establishes a voltage distribution calculation model for analyzing the buffer layer discharge defect. The mechanism of how the presence of air gap and white marks (the corrosion products) between aluminium sheath and buffer layer influencing the voltage distribution inside cable is involved in this model. Based on the simulation software, a convenient method for solving the model is proposed. Using this model, the internal voltage distribution results of the cable under different forms of white marks are obtained. The influencing factors affecting the discharge of buffer layer are analyzed. The validity of the model is proved by the discharge test of the cable with controllable defects. The results show that the risk of buffer layer discharge can be quantitatively assessed by the white mark defect feature.
Connected and automated vehicle platoon formation control via differential games
Authors: Jond Hossein B. , Yıldız Aykut 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, the connected and automated vehicles platooning problem is resolved under a differential game framework. Three information topologies are considered here. Firstly, the Predecessor‐following topology is utilised where the vehicles control the distance with respect to the merely nearest predecessor via a sensor link‐based information flow. Secondly, the Two‐predecessor‐following topology is exploited where each vehicle controls the distance with respect to the two nearest predecessors. In this topology, the second predecessor is communicated via a Vehicle‐to‐vehicle link. The individual trajectories of connected and automated vehicles under the Nash equilibrium are derived in closed‐form for these two information topologies. Finally, general information topology is examined and the differential game is formulated in this context. In all these options, Pontryagin's principle is employed to investigate the existence and uniqueness of the Nash equilibrium and obtain its corresponding trajectories. In the general topology, we suppose numerical computation of eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Finally, the stability behaviour of the platoon for the Predecessor‐following, Two‐predecessor‐following and general topologies are investigated. All these approaches represent promising and powerful analytical representations of the connected and automated vehicle platoons under the differential games. Simulation experiments have verified the efficiency of the proposed models and their solutions as well as their better results in comparison with the Model Predictive Control.
Design and development of broadband gap waveguide‐based 0‐dB couplers for Ka‐band applications
Authors: Zarifi Davoud , Farahbakhsh Ali , Zaman Ashraf Uz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe design and fabrication of a wideband millimetre‐wave 0‐dB coupler is proposed in this paper using gap waveguide technology for low‐loss and high‐power applications in 30‐GHz frequency band. To overcome the fabrication challenges in millimetre‐wave frequencies, the gap waveguide technique is utilised. Two gap waveguide‐based coaxial‐ and waveguide‐fed 0‐dB couplers are designed with broadband performance, high return loss, acceptable coupling flatness and high isolation. For verifying the performance of the proposed structures, a prototype of the waveguide‐fed 0‐dB coupler is manufactured and measured. The measurement results show that the return and insertion losses and the isolation of the fabricated 0‐dB coupler is better than 18 dB, 0.5 and 18 dB, respectively, in the specified frequency range from 26.2 to 34 GHz. Moreover, the breakdown power level of the proposed millimetre‐wave structures is in kW orders to satisfy the high‐power requirements.
Impact of cyber‐attack on coordinated voltage control in low voltage grids
Authors: Farooq Asma , Shahid Kamal , Gui Yonghao , Olsen Rasmus Løvenstein 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPower grid is facing several challenges such as voltage violation, power losses, and power quality issues due to the high integration of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind. One of the several strategies to overcome the voltage violation problem is the provision of reactive power from wind and solar power plants. Local controller of these plants coordinates with the controller to generate the reactive power. The coordinated controller performs its function based on the information obtained from the whole grid via communication network. Communication network infrastructure has high responsibility to ensure secure and stable services in order to provide reliable voltage control in distribution grids (DGs). Unstable or insecure communication networks can lead to several problems in the power system, such as increased power losses and in worse case blackouts. Therefore, this paper analyses the impact of cyber‐attacks on the voltage quality control supported by the reactive power generation of PV plants in DGs. Two cyber‐attack scenarios are demonstrated via a voltage coordination scenario based on a real distribution grid in Northern Denmark. Simulations are done in a Simulink model of Thy Mors Energi Grid, Denmark. A cyber control block is implemented within the coordinated controller in order to mitigate the effect of cyber‐attack. Experimental results show that it is possible to detect and mitigate a cyber‐attack such as denial of service and integrity attack before sending a control signal thus contributing towards a secure, stable, and resilient power grid.
Positive input observer‐based controller design for blood glucose regulation for type 1 diabetic patients: A backstepping approach
Authors: Homayounzade Mohamadreza 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn practice, there are many physical systems that can have only positive inputs, such as physiological systems. Most conventional control methods cannot ensure that the main system input is positive. A positive input observer‐based controller is designed for an intravenous glucose tolerance test model of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The backstepping (BS) approach is employed to design the feedback controller for artificial pancreas (AP) systems, based on the Extended Bergman's Minimal Model (EBMM). The EBMM represents the T1DM in terms of the blood glucose concentration (BGC), insulin concentration, and plasma level and the disturbance of insulin during medication due to either meal intake or burning sugar by doing some physical exercise. The insulin concentration and plasma level are estimated using observers, and these estimations are applied as feedback to the controller. The asymptotic stability of the observer‐based controller is proved using the Lyapunov theorem. Moreover, it is proved that the system is bounded input‐bounded output (BIBO) stable in the presence of uncertainties generated by uncertain parameters and external disturbance. For realistic situations, we consider only the BGC to be available for measurement and additionally inter‐and intra‐patient variability of system parameters is considered.
Short‐term photovoltaic power prediction based on MDCM‐GA‐LSTM model
Authors: Liu Tianze , Liu Shusen , Wang Shunjiang , Ma Yanjuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn recent years, photo‐voltaic (PV) system has become one of the most potential renewable energy power generation technologies because of its many advantages. Considering the influence of the randomness of PV system on the operation and dispatching of power system, the necessity of a comprehensive forecasting model is increased rapidly. This paper proposes a short‐term PV power forecasting method based on MDCM‐GA‐LSTM model to solve the problem of low accuracy of traditional and single forecasting model. First, the meteorological data are pre‐processed based on wavelet denoising algorithm to improve the data quality. Second, a meteorological model is established based on genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize long short‐term memory (LSTM) neural network. Finally, the network is trained with the modified data of the meteorological model as the input and the actual power as the output, and the power forecasting model is established. In this study, the forecasting accuracy is evaluated based on mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE). The experimental results demonstrated that the MDCM‐GA‐LSTM model outperforms the conventional and single model by a difference of about 98.43% of the MAE and 98.97% of the RMSE error.