bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypercoagulability and Thrombosis Risk in Prostate Cancer: The Role of Thromboelastography
Authors: Fainchtein Karina , Tera Yousra , Kearn Natalie , Noureldin Abdelrahman , Othman Maha 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThrombosis is one of the leading causes of death in cancer. Cancer-induced hypercoagulable state contributes to thrombosis and is often overlooked. Prostate cancer may not be of high thrombogenic potential compared with other cancers, but its high prevalence brings it into focus. Pathological evidence for venous thromboembolisms (VTEs) in prostate cancer exists. Factors such as age, comorbidities, and therapies increase the VTE risk further. There is a need to systematically identify the risk of VTE in regard to patient-, cancer-, and treatment-related factors to risk stratify patients for better-targeted and individualized strategies to prevent VTE. Sensitive tests to enable such risk assessment are urgently required. There is sufficient evidence for the utility of thromboelastography (TEG) in cancer, but it is not yet part of the clinic and there is only limited data on the use of TEG in prostate cancer. One study revealed that compared with age-matched controls, 68.8% of prostate cancer patients demonstrated hypercoagulable TEG parameters. The absence of clinical guidelines is a limiting factor in TEG use in the cancer population. Cancer heterogeneity and the unique cancer-specific microenvironment in each patient, as well as determining the hypercoagulable state in each patient, are added limitations. The way forward is to combine efforts to design large multicenter studies to investigate the utility and clinical effectiveness of TEG in cancer and establish longitudinal studies to understand the link between hypercoagulable state and development of thrombosis. There is also a need to study low thrombogenic cancers as well as high thrombogenic ones. Awareness among clinicians and understanding of test applicability and interpretation are needed. Finally, expert discussion is critical to identify the investigation priorities.
Thrombosis in Pregnant Women with Hemolytic Anemia
Authors: Papadakis Emmanouil , Brenner Benjamin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHemolytic anemias are a group of uncommon disorders affecting both genders, frequently occurring at the reproductive age. While a link between hemolysis and hypercoagulability has been suggested based on the elucidation of certain involved pathophysiological mechanisms, the extent of thrombotic risk in pregnant women with hemolytic anemia remains debatable. Due to the paucity of pregnancy-related data, risk assessment of gestations in women with hemolytic anemia is complicated. This review will highlight the latest advances in the diagnosis and management of these challenging disorders in pregnancy.
Aus der anthroposophischen Medizin: Wickel bei Schulterbeschwerden
Authors: Sterner Astrid 
Published: November 2022

SummaryEtwa zehn Prozent der Bevölkerung leiden zeitweilig oder chronisch unter Schulterschmerzen. Sie sind meist die Folge von Verschleiß, Verletzung oder Entzündung und führen in der Vermeidung von Bewegung nicht selten zu einer „frozenshoulder“, die für die Betroffenen sehr unangenehm und einschränkend sein kann. Durch Äußere Anwendungen aus der anthroposophisch erweiterten Medizin können Schulterprobleme effektiv und effizient behandelt werden.
Demographics, attitudes and emotions as predictors of support for bear management
Authors: Vaske Jerry J. , Miller Craig A. , Williams Brent D. , Pallazza Samantha G. , Zang Xiohan 
Published: November 2022

Context The Illinois Department of Natural Resources was mandated by legislation to develop management plans for American Black Bears and needed Illinois residents’ preferences for bear management strategies. Aims The aim of this article was to examine how demographics, emotions and attitudes were related to support for three American black bear management strategies (active reintroduction, natural recolonisation, having breeding populations of black bears). Researchers have repeatedly suggested that these predictors are related to support for management actions. Methods Data were obtained from a mail survey sent to two populations of stakeholder groups. A total of 896 agricultural producers completed the questionnaire (response rate = 36%); 904 hunters completed the questionnaire (response rate = 36%). Five demographic variables were used in the analyses: (1) agricultural producer; (2) hunter; (3) age; (4) sex; and (5) residence growing up. Positive and negative emotional dispositions were operationalised with eight items. General attitude toward bears was measured with four items. All three management questions were asked for ‘in Illinois’ and ‘in my county’. Reliability analyses supported combining the psychological variables into indices for each construct. Key results Findings indicated that demographic and psychological characteristics are related to support for bear management strategies, but that these relationships are complex for a number of reasons. First, the regression beta coefficients for the demographic regression models were ‘minimal’ (M = 0.13), whereas the coefficients for psychological variables were ‘typical’ (M = 0.30). Second, not all of the demographic and psychological variables affected support for agency actions in the same way. Third, the average R2 for the three demographic models was only 16%, whereas the average R2 for the three psychological characteristics models was 53%. Conclusions Given the weak relationships between demographics and support for bear management, managers may not need to always target specific groups based on their demographics. Implications Certain situations may warrant specific messages to target audiences; weak demographic relationships suggest that managers should be cautious when using these characteristics to target communication messages to specific groups.
Grammatical core terminology in Icelandic
Authors: Tarsi Matteo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe article addresses a selection of meanings fundamental to linguistic discourse in Icelandic. Their diverse lexical manifestations were collected from twenty-four works, produced during eight centuries: from theFirst Grammatical Treatise(1130–1140) to Alexander Jóhannesson’sFrumnorræn málfræði(1920), by which time current grammatical terminology had for the most part reached its “modern” state. The excerpted data is analyzed with regard to its internal organization, by exploring the nature of its systematization, the strategies employed in coining grammatical terminology, and the relationship between current Icelandic grammatical terminology and medieval and early-modern terminology. From the analysis it becomes clear that: (1) calquing (mostly structural) and autonomous word coinage are the most prolific strategies, whereas borrowing and the employment of inherited lexemes are marginal; (2) Latin is the principal direct model for terms, and Danish constitutes another important source. Direct influence of Ælfrician terminology on the Old Icelandic grammatical lexicon is questionable; (3) the terminology currently used primarily comprises terms stemming from the 19th, and to a lesser extent the 18th century, with medieval terminology still being employed only in the case of very basic terms.
Reducing interfacial thermal resistance by interlayer
Authors: Ma Dengke , Xing Yuheng , Zhang Lifa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Heat dissipation is crucial important for the performance and lifetime for highly integrated electronics, Li-ion battery-based devices and so on, which lies in the decrease of interfacial thermal resistance (ITR). To achieve this goal, introducing interlayer is the most widely used strategy in industry, which has attracted tremendous attention from researchers. In this review, we focus on bonding effect and bridging effect to illustrate how introduced interlayer decreases ITR. The behind mechanisms and theoretical understanding of these two effects are clearly illustrated. Simulative and experimental studies toward utilizing these two effects to decrease ITR of real materials and practical systems are reviewed. Specifically, the mechanisms and design rules for the newly emerged graded interlayers are discussed. The optimization of interlayers by machine learning algorithms are reviewed. Based on present researches, challenges and possible future directions about this topic are discussed.
Fe, Ni-modified ZIF-8 as a tensive precursor to derive N-doped carbon as Na and Li-ion batteries anodes
Authors: Jia Hongna , Wang Yao , Zhao Shuya , Wang Haipeng , Ju Na , Zhang Xinyue , Li Hong , Sun Zejun , Sun Hong-bin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Carbon materials derived from metal-organic frameworks have attracted increasing attention as anodes for energy storage. In this study, Fe, Ni-doped ZIF-8 is carbonized at high temperature to obtain bimetallic Fe and Ni modified tension -relaxed carbon (FeNi@trC). Fe and Ni have opposite structural modification effects when the metal ions are doped into the ZIF-8 dodecahedron. The obtained carbon material maintains the regular dodecahedron morphology, which means the relaxation of tension and strong thermal stability during annealing. Moreover, the presence of nickel enhances the carbonization degree and electrochemical stability of FeNi@trC, while the calcination of the tensive ZIF-8 precursor offers more defect sites. The discharge capacities of FeNi@trC materials are stable at 182.9 mAh·g−1 and 567.9 mAh·g−1 for sodium-ion batterie (SIB) and lithium-ion batterie (LIB) at 0.05 A·g−1. Compared with the current density of 0.05 A·g−1, the discharge capacity of SIB and LIB attenuates by 29.4% and 55.9% at 1 A·g−1, respectively, and the FeNi@trC shows good performance stability in the following cycles.
Long time well-posedness of Whitham–Boussinesq systems
Authors: Paulsen Martin Oen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Consideration is given to three different full dispersion Boussinesq systems arising as asymptotic models in the bi-directional propagation of weakly nonlinear surface waves in shallow water. We prove that, under a non-cavitation condition on the initial data, these three systems are well-posed on a time scale of order

O

(

1

ε

)

, where ɛ is a small parameter measuring the weak nonlinearity of the waves. For one of the systems, this result is new even for short time. The two other systems involve surface tension, and for one of them, the non-cavitation condition has to be sharpened when the surface tension is small. The proof relies on suitable symmetrizers and the classical theory of hyperbolic systems. However, we have to track the small parameters carefully in the commutator estimates to get the long time well-posedness. Finally, combining our results with the recent ones of Emerald provide a full justification of these systems as water wave models in a larger range of regimes than the classical (a, b, c, d)-Boussinesq systems.
On matrix Painlevé-4 equations
Authors: Bobrova I A , Sokolov V V 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Using the Painlevé–Kovalevskaya test, we find several polynomial matrix systems, which can be regarded as non-commutative generalisations of the Painlevé-4 equation. For these systems isomonodromic Lax pairs are presented. Limiting transitions that reduce them to known matrix Painlevé-2 equations are found.
On the global stability of solutions to the compressible Navier–Stokes equation around the Taylor–Couette flow
Authors: Wang Dinghuai 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we are concerned with the global stability of solutions to the compressible Navier–Stokes equation in a bounded annular domain. The result confirms the Taylor–Couette flow remains stable with small perturbations in physical literatures when the outer and inner cylinders are in a certain small speed.
How elliptical orbits of planets clinch Newton’s laws of motion and gravitation
Authors: Dutta Kishore 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Following a geometrical analysis in the historical tradition of Euclid, we show how Newton’s axioms (subsequently regarded as laws) of motion and gravity, when applied to an orbiting body, lead to the elliptical orbit, with the Sun at one focus, that had been empirically established by Kepler. This constitutes a cross-check on Newton’s hypothesis, which already have Kepler’s other two laws built in. Thus, ‘elliptical orbits clinch Newton’s laws.’
Superiorization-inspired unrolled SART algorithm with U-Net generated perturbations for sparse-view and limited-angle CT reconstruction
Authors: Jia Yiran , McMichael Noah , Mokarzel Pedro , Thompson Brandon , Si Dong , Humphries Thomas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. Unrolled algorithms are a promising approach for reconstruction of CT images in challenging scenarios, such as low-dose, sparse-view and limited-angle imaging. In an unrolled algorithm, a fixed number of iterations of a reconstruction method are unrolled into multiple layers of a neural network, and interspersed with trainable layers. The entire network is then trained end-to-end in a supervised fashion, to learn an appropriate regularizer from training data. In this paper we propose a novel unrolled algorithm, and compare its performance with several other approaches on sparse-view and limited-angle CT. Approach. The proposed algorithm is inspired by the superiorization methodology, an optimization heuristic in which iterates of a feasibility-seeking method are perturbed between iterations, typically using descent directions of a model-based penalty function. Our algorithm instead uses a modified U-net architecture to introduce the perturbations, allowing a network to learn beneficial perturbations to the image at various stages of the reconstruction, based on the training data. Main Results. In several numerical experiments modeling sparse-view and limited angle CT scenarios, the algorithm provides excellent results. In particular, it outperforms several competing unrolled methods in limited-angle scenarios, while providing comparable or better performance on sparse-view scenarios. Significance. This work represents a first step towards exploiting the power of deep learning within the superiorization methodology. Additionally, it studies the effect of network architecture on the performance of unrolled methods, as well as the effectiveness of the unrolled approach on both limited-angle CT, where previous studies have primarily focused on the sparse-view and low-dose cases.
Experimental demonstration of ultrahigh sensitivity Talbot-Lau interferometer for low dose mammography
Authors: Safca N , Stutman D , Anghel E , Negoita F , Ur C A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. Even though the techniques used for breast cancer identification have advanced over the years, current mammography based on x-rays absorption, the ‘gold standard’ screening test at present, still has some shortcomings as concerns sensitivity and specificity to early-stage cancers, due to poor differentiation between tumor and normal tissues, especially in the case of the dense breasts. We investigate a possible additional technique for breast cancer detection with higher sensitivity and low dose, x-ray phase-contrast or refraction-based imaging with ultrahigh angular sensitivity grating interferometers, having several meters length. Approach. Towards this goal, we built and tested on a mammography phantom, a table-top laboratory setup based on a 5.7 m long Talbot-Lau interferometer with angular sensitivity better than 1 μrad. We used a high-power x-ray tungsten anode tube with a 400 μm focal spot, operated at 40 kVp and 15 mA with a 2 mm aluminum filter. Main results. The results reported in our paper confirm the ultrahigh sensitivity and dose economy possible with our setup. The visibility of objects simulating cancerous formations is strongly increased in the refraction images over the attenuation ones, even at a low dose of 0.32 mGy. Notably, the smallest fiber of 400 μm diameter and calcifications specs of 160 μm in diameter are detected, even though the spatial resolution at the object of our magnification M ∼ 2 setup with a 400 μm source spot is only ∼250 μm. Significance. Our experiments on a mammography phantom illustrate the capabilities of the proposed technique and can open the way toward low-dose interferometric mammography.
SWFT-Net: a deep learning framework for efficient fine-tuning spot weights towards adaptive proton therapy
Authors: Zhang Guoliang , Zhou Long , Han Zeng , Zhao Wei , Peng Hao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. One critical task for adaptive proton therapy is how to perform spot weight re-tuning and reoptimize plan, both of which are time-consuming and labor intensive. We proposed a deep learning framework (SWFT-Net) to speed up such a task, a starting point for us to move towards online adaptive proton therapy. Approach. For a H&N patient case, a reference intensity modulated proton therapy plan was generated. For data augmentation, spot weights were modified to generate three datasets (DS10, DS30, DS50), corresponding to different levels of weight adjustment. For each dataset, the samples were split into the training and testing groups at a ratio of 8:2 (6400 for training, 1706 for testing). To ease the difficulty of machine learning, the residuals of dose maps and spot weights (i.e. difference relative to a reference) were used as inputs and outputs, respectively. Quantitative analyses were performed in terms of normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) of spot weights, Gamma passing rate and dose difference within the PTV. Main results. The SWFT-Net is able to generate an adapted plan in less than a second with a NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090 GPU. For the 1706 samples in the testing dataset, the NRMSE is 0.41% (DS10), 1.05% (DS30) and 2.04% (DS50), respectively. Cold/hot spots in the dose maps after adaptation are observed. The mean relative dose difference is 0.64% (DS10), 0.92% (DS30) and 0.88% (DS50), respectively. For all three datasets, the mean Gamma passing rate is consistently over 95% for both 1 mm/1% and 3 mm/3% settings. Significance. The proposed SWFT-Net is a promising tool to help realize adaptive proton therapy. It can be used as an alternative tool to other spot fine-tuning optimization algorithms, likely demonstrating superior performance in terms of speed, accuracy, robustness and minimum human interaction. This study lays down a foundation for us to move further incorporating other factors such as daily anatomical changes and propagated PTVs, and develop a truly online adaptive workflow in proton therapy.
Experimental study on plasma generated by a tapered coaxial accelerator and its damage effects on a tungsten target at different angles
Authors: Zhao Chongxiao , Chen YiYi , Song Jian , Mei Xianxiu , Pan Qikun , Zhang RanRan , Yang Liang , Zhao Fantao , Li Jiawen , Wang Dezhen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Plasma wall interaction inevitably occurs during the operation of tokamaks. The coaxial gun device has low operation cost and the parameters of plasma produced by the gun are close to those of type I edge localized mode (ELM); therefore, the coaxial gun is suitable in simulation experiments as a heat flux source of transient events such as type I ELM under the condition of H-mode in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor. In this paper, the plasma generated by the discharge of a tapered coaxial accelerator thermal shock on a tungsten target is used to simulate the damage effect of the divertor. The plasma parameters are measured in the experiment. The velocity of the plasma is 41.7 km s−1, and the kinetic energy of a single hydrogen ion is 9.2 eV. The energy density at the center of the plasma can reach 1.5 MJ m−2, and the density can reach about 2.78 × 1015 cm−3. The reflection of plasma in the process of exposure at different angles is observed. It is observed that droplets of millimeter size splash from the target. Traces of liquid flow are observed on the surface of the target, which shows that there is a melting process on the surface of the target. The mass loss of the target is of the order of milligrams after 20 pulses. The ablation and residual stress of the target surface both decrease with a decrease in the angle. This is because the accumulated energy per unit area of the target surface decreases with a decrease in the angle. The results of the simulation experiment help us to understand the working state around the divertor target in tokamak devices.
Electron collisions with ArH+ molecular ions: highly excited vibrational states and dissociative excitation
Authors: Djuissi E , Bultel A , Tennyson J , Schneider I F , Laporta V 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A theoretical investigation of dissociative recombination and dissociative excitation processes involving electron collisions with the argonium ion (ArH+) at energies up to 7 eV is presented. Curves and couplings obtained using R-matrix calculations are used to provide the input for molecular dynamics calculations based on the multichannel quantum defect theory. A full set of vibrationally resolved cross sections and rate coefficients is presented for the kinetic modeling of argon-containing non-equilibrium plasma.
The cross-section for the

scattering at the LHeC*
Authors: Giang Bui Thi Ha 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A measurement of the Z production cross-section in

collisions at the Large Hadron-electron Collider (LHeC) is presented for comparison to that at the International Linear Collider (ILC). The total cross-section depends strongly on the polarization of the initial and final

beams and the electron beam energy

; the energy of the proton beam was set to

TeV. The results show that the total cross-section in

at the LHeC is much larger than that at the ILC.
Magnetic Activity and Parameters of 43 Flare Stars in the GWAC Archive
Authors: Li Guang-Wei , Wu Chao , Zhou Gui-Ping , Yang Chen , Li Hua-Li , Chen Jie , Xin Li-Ping , Wang Jing , Haerken Hasitieer , Ma Chao-Hong , Cai Hong-Bo , Han Xu-Hui , Huang Lei , Lu Xiao-Meng , Bai Jian-Ying , Zhang Xu-Kang , Hao Xin-Li , Wang Xiang-Yu , Dai Zi-Gao , Liang En-Wei , Meng Xiao-Feng , Wei Jian-Yan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In the archive of the Ground Wide Angle Camera (GWAC), we found 43 white light flares from 43 stars, among which, three are sympathetic or homologous flares, and one of them also has a quasi-periodic pulsation with a period of 13.0 ± 1.5 minutes. Among these 43 flare stars, there are 19 new active stars and 41 stars that have available TESS and/or K2 light curves, from which we found 931 stellar flares. We also obtained rotational or orbital periods of 34 GWAC flare stars, of which 33 are less than 5.4 days, and ephemerides of three eclipsing binaries from these light curves. Combining with low resolution spectra from LAMOST and the Xinglong 2.16 m telescope, we found that L
Hα
/L
bol are in the saturation region in the rotation-activity diagram. From the LAMOST medium-resolution spectrum, we found that Star #3 (HAT 178–02667) has double Hα emissions which imply it is a binary, and two components are both active stars. Thirteen stars have flare frequency distributions (FFDs) from TESS and/or K2 light curves. These FFDs show that the flares detected by GWAC can occur at a frequency of 0.5 to 9.5 yr−1. The impact of flares on habitable planets was also studied based on these FFDs, and flares from some GWAC flare stars may produce enough energetic flares to destroy ozone layers, but none can trigger prebiotic chemistry on their habitable planets.