bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptation des génotypes de luzerne pérenne à l’environnement hors oasien en vue d’améliorer les performances de l’agro-système du sud Tunisien
Authors: Tlahig Samir , Habib Ridha , Yahia Hédi , Lachiheb Belgacem , Loumerem Mohamed 
Published: August 2022

La sélection de la luzerne dans des zones à fortes contraintes abiotiques a peu progressé dans l’amélioration de la productivité et de la tolérance. La difficulté réside dans l’identification et la caractérisation des paramètres liés à la résistance aux différentes pressions climatiques. Divers processus phénologiques, morphologiques, physiologiques et chimiques sont à l’origine des stratégies d’évitement et de tolérance. Le but de ce travail était d’étudier les divergences morpho-physiologiques et chimiques entre huit génotypes de luzerne pérenne d’origines différentes : 3 génotypes locaux (IRA, Gabès, Chenini) et cinq exotiques (Ameristand, Bami, Prosementi, Tamentit et Tata) ayant montré une grande tolérance au bioclimat aride en dehors de l’oasis. Les résultats obtenus ont permis d’identifier deux groupes de génotypes suffisamment homogènes qui pourraient être considérés comme un patrimoine génétique intéressant pour les critères de sélection choisis. Ce pool pourra être le matériel génétique de départ pour la création de variétés synthétiques adaptées aux conditions arides en dehors des oasis caractérisées par des rendements frais et secs plus élevés (Ameristand, Bami, et Tamentit), avec une excellente tolérance à la salinité (Gabès et IRA).
Pengaruh Motivasi Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Siswa
Authors: Zuleni Elva , Marfilinda Riri 
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi terhadap pemahanan konsep IPA siswa Kelas V SDIT Adzkia Padang. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan penelitian menggunakan faktorial 2 x 2. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas V SDIT Adzkia Padang. Sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas V Thaif 1 dan kelas V Thoif 2. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah simple random sampling. Data penelitian diperoleh dari angket motivasi dan pemahaman konsep. Data dianalisis dengan Anava, untuk pengujian hipotesis terdapat nilai Fhitung = 0,100 < Ftabel = 4,03, hal ini berarti H0 diterima artinya pemahaman konsep IPA siswa tidak bergantung pada motivasi belajar, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh interaksi secara signifikan motivasi belajar terhadap pemahaman konsep IPA.
Surgical Treatment of Plantar First Metatarsal Ulcerations in High-Risk Patients: A Case Series
Authors: Cates Nicole K. , Stowers Jered M. , Mayer Alissa , Wynes Jacob 
Published: August 2022

Background: Plantar first metatarsal ulcerations pose a difficult challenge to clinicians. Etiologies vary and include first metatarsal declination, cavus foot deformity, equinus contracture, and hallux limitus/rigidus. Our pragmatic, sequential approach to the multiple contributing etiologies of increased plantar pressure sub–first metatarsal can be addressed through minimal skin incisions.
Methods: A retrospective review was performed for patients with surgically treated preulcerations or ulcerations sub–first metatarsal head. All of the patients underwent a dorsiflexory wedge osteotomy, and the need for each additional procedure was independently assessed. Equinus contracture was treated with Achilles tendon lengthening, cavovarus deformity was mitigated with Steindler stripping, and plantarflexed first ray was treated with dorsiflexory wedge osteotomy.
Results: Eight patients underwent our pragmatic, sequential approach for increased plantar pressure sub–first metatarsal, four with preoperative ulcerations and four with preoperative hyperkeratotic preulcerative lesions. The preoperative ulcerations were present for an average of 25.43 weeks (range, 6.00–72.86 weeks), with an average size of 0.19 cm3 (median, 0.04 cm3). Procedure breakdown was as follows: eight first metatarsal osteotomies, four Achilles tendon lengthenings, and six Steindler strippings. Postoperatively, all eight patients returned to full ambulation, and the four ulcerations healed at an average of 24 days (range, 15–38 days). New ulceration occurred in one patient, and postoperative infection occurred in one patient. There were no ulceration recurrences, dehiscence of surgical sites, or minor or major amputations.
Conclusions: The outcomes in patients surgically treated for increased plantar first metatarsal head pressure were evaluated. This case series demonstrates that our pragmatic, sequential approach yields positive results. In diabetic or high-risk patients, it is our treatment algorithm of choice for increased plantar first metatarsal pressure.
Treatment of Posterior Malleolar Fractures in Elderly Individuals with Kirschner Wire Tension Band Fixation
Authors: Wang Bingqi , Hu Maozhong , Wan Dongdong , Sun Kai 
Published: August 2022

Background: Generally, posterior malleolar fragments are fixed either with percutaneous anteroposterior screws or through a posterolateral approach using screws and/or a buttress plate. Both surgical methods have some shortcomings, and the use of anteroposterior screws to fix osteoporotic posterior malleolar fractures carries a risk of failure.
Methods: Nine elderly patients (average age, 67 years) with posterior malleolar fractures were treated with transfibular Kirschner wire tension band fixation. According to the Lauge-Hansen classification, all fractures were of the supination-external rotation type. The operative duration, intraoperative blood loss, and wound healing outcome were recorded. During the follow-up period, clinical outcomes were measured using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot score, and the occurrence of complications was observed.
Results: The patients were followed up for 12 to 18 months (mean, 15 months). The operative duration ranged from approximately 30 to 95 minutes, with an average of 70 minutes. Anatomical reduction was achieved in nine cases, and there were no complications, such as skin necrosis, wound infection, or skin sensory disturbance. There was one case of delayed wound healing caused by fat liquefaction, which was cured by a dressing change. The functional scores were excellent in four cases, good in four cases, fair in one case, and poor in zero cases. The rate of excellent and good results was 88.89% (eight of nine), with an average of 78.78 points.
Conclusion: Kirschner wire tension band fixation through a transfibular approach for the treatment of posterior malleolar fractures does not require a change in patient posture. It facilitates the reduction and internal fixation of the posterior malleolar fragment; furthermore, it is easier to remove internal fixation after fracture healing, which provides a new surgical method for elderly patients with posterior malleolus fracture. Thus, this has potential as a new surgical method for elderly patients with posterior malleolar fractures.
C1orf74 positively regulates the EGFR/AKT/mTORC1 signaling in lung adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Guo Jinyong , Li Aili , Guo Ruolin , He Qiufeng , Wu Youru , Gou Yi , Jin Junfei , Huang Guojin 
Published: August 2022

Background
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a major type of lung cancer with poor prognosis and low 5-year survival rate, which urgently needs further investigation in order to elucidate its mechanisms completely and discover novel therapeutic targets. C1orf74 is a novel protein with unknown function either in normal cells or cancer cells. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression and function of C1orf74 in LUAD cells.

Methods
The expression of C1orf74 in LUAD was analyzed using the LUAD datasets from public databases. The prognostic value of C1orf74 in LUAD was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier Plotter. C1orf74 expression in LUAD cell line A549, H1993 and HCC827 was silenced using small interfering RNA, and then the effects of C1orf74 knockdown on proliferation, migration and invasion of LUAD cells were detected by colony formation assay and Transwell assay, the role of C1orf74 in EGFR/AKT/mTORC1 signaling pathway was examined by Western blot, and the function of C1orf74 in cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry.

Results
The results of LUAD clinical data showed that C1orf74 was upregulated in LUAD tissues, and its high expression was associated with poor prognosis. The results from cultured LUAD cells demonstrated that C1orf74 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, but induced cell cycle arrest and autophagy. Moreover, C1orf74 knockdown suppressed EGFR/AKT/mTORC1 signaling in LUAD cells. In conclusion, the present study revealed that C1orf74 is upregulated in LUAD tissues and plays an oncogenic role in LUAD, and that C1orf74 positively regulates cell proliferation and mobility through the EGFR/AKT/mTORC1 signaling pathway in LUAD cells.
Association of Two Unknown Pythium spp. without Forming Sexual Structures on Root Rot of Hydroponically Grown Welsh onion
Authors: Shimizu S. , Tojo M. 
Published: August 2022

Aims: Aim of this study was to elucidate association of Pythium isolates without forming sexual structures on root rot of hydroponically grown Welsh onion, as well as to clarify their taxonomic positions.
Place and Duration of Study: Commercial hydroponic greenhouses in Hiroshima Prefecture, Hiroshima Prefectural Technology Research Institute, and Osaka Metropolitan University, between March 2020 and March 2021.
Methodology: Total 2,966 isolates of Pythium-like organs were isolated from the plant roots during the survey period. All the isolates didn’t form any sexual organs, and were separated into three groups based on colony patterns on agar media such as cornmeal agar. Among of them, 236 isolates were equally selected from each three groups. Since two of the three groups were thought to be first records on Welsh onion, 17 representative isolates from the two groups were examined on morphology, hyphal growth response to temperatures and sequences of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and mitochondrial COI. Inoculation tests were performed on Welsh onion seedlings under a hydroponic condition by using one representative isolate from each group.
Results: The three groups were identified as Pythium Cluster B2a sp., B1d sp. and Clade A sp. on sequences of ITS and COI, respectively. Pythium isolates belonged to Pythium Cluster B1d and Clade A showed similar morphology and hyphal growth response to temperatures each other. Inoculation tests confirmed that both representative isolates from two groups cause roots rot of hydroponically grown Welsh onion 14 days after their inoculation. Pythium Cluster B1d showed stronger pathogenicity than Pythium Clade A.
Conclusion: The present study firstly demonstrated that Pythium Cluster B1d sp. and Clade A sp. which don’t form any sexual structures associate root rot of hydroponically grown Welsh onion.
The Price of Unconsciousness: Anti-vaccines Movements and Scientific Development of Immunology
Authors: Francisco Martínez Campos Juan , Octavio Hernández Alemán , Pelaez Jimena Guadalupe Prado , Araceli Ortiz Polo , Alejandra Hernández Ceruelos María del Carmen , Carlos Ruvalcaba Ledezma Jesús 
Published: August 2022

This article presents the narrative about the importance of vaccines in public health to highlight the scientific development required and involved for their production, and their importance for health by exploring events that denote scientific development and unfounded opposition towards the immunization of the population against vaccine-preventable diseases. The corresponding literature review was carried out in online databases using the keywords: vaccines, scientific development, and denial of vaccination, vaccination, and anti-vaccines.
Furthermore, it was found that vaccines, toxoids, and biologicals to prevent contagion or serious forms of infectious disease, whether by viruses or bacteria, are more understood than a century ago. Vaccination aroused along health policies and is recognized as one of the most cost-effective practices on the planet. Although constantly and coupled with the development and implementation of vaccination schemes, some social groups appear to oppose this practice. Being anti-vaccination is often associated to fear, religious beliefs, ignorance, and more frequently, a lack of social awareness of the responsibility to immunize minors and vulnerable groups, especially those with risk factors or co morbidities, including the current pandemic catastrophe due to covid-19. Not getting vaccinated due to the circulation of unreliable information, without scientific bases, puts the human population at risk and is often common among individuals with vulnerabilities in academic and socioeconomic sectors such as poverty, and other types of vaccine-related beliefs.
Sociodemographics and Clinical History among Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Patients on Medical Treatment in a Tertiary Hospital in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Chizoba Eze Gloria , Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi , Chime Amalachukwu Amanda 
Published: August 2022

Background: Primary Open Angle Glaucoma has been noted to be more prevalent and aggressive in blacks. Treatment of glaucoma involves lowering of intraocular pressure (IOP) to a targeted level where further glaucomatous damage is unlikely. The aim of this study was to determine sociodemographic factors and clinical history among primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients on medical treatment at the glaucoma clinic of Enugu State University of Science and Technology Teaching Hospital Parklane (ESUTTHP), Enugu with a view for better patient management.
Methods: The study was a hospital based cross sectional study on POAG patients on medical treatment attending the eye clinic of ESUTTHP, Enugu. Patients were selected by simple random sampling. Their socio-demographics and clinical history were obtained using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20 (U.S.A). Categorical variables were presented in percentages.
Results: A total of 130 POAG patients on medical treatment were interviewed comprising of 56 males (43.1%) and 74 females (56.9%). Their age ranged between 42 and 83 years with mean age of 62.25 ± 9.002. Civil servants made up of 27.7% of the patients while 26.9% were traders, 16.2% were farmers and 9.2% were artisans. One hundred patients were on prostaglandin analogues, 90 patients were on beta blockers, 31 patients were on topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, 20 patients were on alpha agonist while 2 patients were on miotics. These drugs were used either singly or in combination. Ninety-five of the patients (72.1%) reported they were using their drugs regularly while 35 (26.9%) reported they were not using their drugs regularly. Out of those that do not use their drugs regularly, 62.9% reported that it was due to forgetfulness, 40.0% reported that it was due to limited finances and none of the patients reported that it was due to the side effects of the drug. Approximately, 66.2% of the patients had used drugs for 1 - 5 years with the mean duration of treatment being 4.5±3.36 years. About half (57.7%) of the patients did not have family history of glaucoma, 30% of the patients had family history of glaucoma while 17.3% were not sure of any family history of glaucoma).
Conclusion: The study revealed that greater number of the patients suffering from glaucoma were women and civil servants. Majority of the patients use their drugs regularly and higher number of the patients do not have family history of glaucoma. Women, civil servants and the entire society should check their eyes with ophthalmologists regularly to avert the danger associated with glaucoma.
Beta‐blocker therapy in advanced heart failure: clinical characteristics and long‐term outcomes
Authors: O'Connor Christopher M. , Gattis Wendy A. , Zannad Faiez , McNulty Steven E. , Gheorghiade Mihai , Adams Kirkwood F. , Califf Robert M. , McKenna William J. , Soler‐Soler Jordi , Swedberg Karl 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAims:To evaluate the clinical characteristics and long‐term outcomes of advanced heart failure patients (NYHA Class IIIb–IV) receiving beta‐blocker therapy vs. those patients not receiving beta‐blockers at randomization in the FIRST trial, a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial of epoprostenol vs. usual care in advanced heart failure.Methods and results:The patient population consisted of 471 patients enrolled in FIRST with Class IIIb–IV heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of < 30%, advanced hemodynamic abnormalities, and standard pharmacologic treatment of ACE‐inhibitor, diuretics, and/or digoxin. The study cohort consisted of 448 patients not receiving beta‐blockers and 23 patients receiving beta‐blockers at randomization for the FIRST trial. Patients in the beta‐blocker group had decreased rates of any clinical event (P = 0.03), worsening heart failure (P = 0.001), and death or worsening heart failure (P = 0.0008) than patients not receiving beta‐blockers. After adjusting for prognostically important variables, the favorable effect of beta‐blockers on worsening heart failure (P = 0.02) and death or worsening heart failure (P = 0.02) persisted.Conclusion:Patients with advanced heart failure who receive beta‐blocker therapy have a lower rate of hospitalization and are less likely to experience worsening heart failure or death at 6 months than patients who are not treated with beta‐blockers. These observational data contribute to the growing body of data demonstrating a favorable effect of beta‐blockers on clinical outcomes in heart failure.
COMPLICATIONS OF TRANS‐SPHENOIDAL SURGERY: THE WELLINGTON EXPERIENCE
Authors: Woollons A. C. , Balakrishnan V. , Hunn M. K. , Rajapaske Y. R. 
Published: July 2002

Background: All patients who underwent trans‐sphenoidal surgery between January 1984 and December 1998 were reviewed to assess morbidity resulting from this operation. Methods: There were 185 operations on 165 patients. The operative approach was sublabial in 80 cases and transnasal in 105. One surgeon (VB) performed the vast majority of operations. Results: Complications included nasal perforation (7.6%), transient diabetes insipidus (4.9%), permanent diabetes insipidus (3.8%), cerebrospinal fluid fistula (4.3%), donor site haematoma (2.2%) and residual tumour haemorrhage (1.6%) causing ophthalmoplegia (1.1%) and loss of vision (1.1%). Other complications included epistaxis (1.1%), meningitis (0.5%) and sinusitis (0.5%). Injury to the anterior superior alveolar nerve also occurred in the sublabial approach in 6.3% of patients. There were no perioperative deaths. Conclusions: There is a small but significant risk of a number of complications that should be considered for informed consent of this procedure.
Temperature sensitivity of primary spermatocyte DNA synthesis in immature mice confirmed by bromodeoxyuridine labelling in vitro
Authors: Zhou  , Hutson  , Hasthorpe  , Farmer  
Published: July 2002

Objective To investigate the relationship between temperature and DNA synthesis of immature germ cells and to determine whether the early primary spermatocytes proliferate at a ‘scrotal’ temperature of 32°C in vitro.Materials and methods Day‐7 mouse testes (n=16) were cultured with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) for 3 days at 32°C or 37°C and labelled by bromodeoxyuridine (BrDU) for a further hour. The BrDU‐labelled cells were detected by immunohistochemical staining using a monoclonal anti‐BrDU antibody. The numbers of primary spermatocytes with BrDU‐labelling or unlabelled in each tubule were determined as an index of spermatocyte DNA synthesis. In addition, the cultured media at different temperatures were collected and the testosterone levels measured by radioimmunoassay.Results The numbers of primary spermatocytes (P<0.01) and the BrDU‐labelling index in primary spermatocytes per tubule at 32°C in vitro were significantly higher (P<0.001) than in the culture at 37°C. The testosterone levels in the culture media at 32°C were also markedly higher than in the culture at 37°C (P<0.01).Conclusion These observations indicate that DNA synthesis of early primary spermatocytes and testosterone production can be stimulated by lower testicular temperature, even in immature mouse testes that are naturally located in the intra‐abdominal cavity.
Ultrahigh precision coupling of angular motion for a constant exit-height monochromator (abstract)
Authors: Rosenbaum G. , Schug J. 
Published: July 2002

An ultrahigh precision coupling of the angular motion of the two axes in a double-crystal monochromator with constant exit height has been constructed. The coupling device is a double parallelogram similar to the kind used for drafting tables. Computer simulations have been used to minimize the angular motion in the joints of the parallelograms to less than ±5° for the entire Bragg-angle range from 10° to 71°. This allows the use of backlash-free and friction-free flexural pivots. The axis of the first crystal is controlled by a precision rotary table. The shaft of the second crystal stage is supported by a trolley riding on a translation stage. Bearings allow for free rotation of the shaft. The double parallelogram provides only for the exact angular position of the second axis but does not support any weight of the second crystal stage and freely follows the trolley. The trolley is positioned so that the beam from the first crystal is intercepted and reflected at the correct height. The device is ultrahigh vacuum compatible. This design, which fully separates the two demands for extremely precise angular tracking and for less precise positioning for constant exit height, has several advantages beyond its superior tracking accuracy. The stationary first axis allows efficient, in-vacuum cooling of the first crystal. A direct rotary drive can be used for the first axis thus providing direct linear Bragg-angle control. A heavy weight second crystal stage, e.g., for sagittal focusing, may be used without deforming the angular linkage mechanism since all weight is carried by the rugged translation stage. No high-precision machining such as grinding or lapping is needed for the double-parallelogram linkage. The arms of the parallelogram, i.e., the distance between the holes for the flexural pivots, need to be only of precisely the same length.
Testing the linkage shows the expected high accuracy. The maximum nonrepeatable deviation between the two axes is less than 5×10−5 degree (=0.2 arcsec). The tracking error for a 10−4 degree step is less than 1×10−5 degree, for a 10−3 degree step it is less than 2×10−5 degree. The maximum total deviation at any point within an interval of 0.1° is less than 1×10−4 degree (=0.4 arcsec). Repeatable and smooth long range deviations of a few arcseconds are compensated by feeding a predetermined corrective voltage to a piezo translator.