bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Smartphone Application for Monitoring Postoperative Symptoms and Signs with an Instant Bi-Direction Feedback System in Patients after Cataract Surgery
Authors: Wu Ming-Han , Wu Pei-Chang , Hseih Long-Bing , Lin Li-Man , Tsai Chia-Ling 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Outpatient postoperative periodic visits still lack information for the early detection of patients with initial infection or other serious conditions after cataract surgeries. We developed and accessed a postoperative care smartphone application (PC app) for patients to self-record and report postoperative symptoms/signs with an instant bidirectional feedback system.Methods: The PC app alerted the patient to report and grade six ocular symptoms/signs associated with endophthalmitis or retinal detachment. Patients used the PC app for 7 days postoperatively to assess their symptoms/signs 4 times a day after receiving an alert. The data automatically collected using a cloud computer system judged the grade and sent messages to medical staff for further medical assistance. User information and satisfaction were collected from the questionnaire on the 7th day.Results: 50 patients participated. There were two reports of symptom grade deterioration (increased photopsia and fever) in two patients. 81% of patients were satisfied or very satisfied to communicate their symptoms instantly with the app, 86% reported the app to be helpful, and 81% opined to use it again. While, 79% of patients considered the PC app to improve the quality of postoperative care, 86% found it helpful for seeking medical assistance. Critical themes included less willingness to look at smartphones after eye surgery, lack of a footnote area, and the need for more medical education.Conclusion: This novel PC app for self-reporting of postoperative symptoms and instant bidirectional feedback system could be useful for cataract patients. It was perceived to be satisfactory and user-friendly.
Prevalence of abnormal kidney function and 90-days outcomes among patients admitted on medical wards of Masaka Regional Referral Hospital in Uganda: a prospective study
Authors: Ronny SSenabulya F. , Joaniter Nankabirwa I. , Robert Kalyesubula , Bonnie Wandera , Bruce Kirenga , James Kayima , Posiano Ocama , Peace Bagasha 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Kidney disease burden is raising worldwide, raising a need to closely monitor high risk populations for swift response. However, there is limited data on the prevalence of abnormal kidney function and outcomes among patients admitted at regional referral health facilities in Uganda which are the first points of care for most patients in the country. We determined the prevalence of abnormal kidney function and 90-days outcomes among patients admitted on medical ward of Masaka Regional Referral Hospital. Methods: This was a prospective study conducted among adult patients admitted on medical wards between September 2020 to March 2021. Patients were enrolled if they met the following inclusion criteria: a) ≥18 years of age, 2) provided written informed consent, 3) had phone contacts to help with patient follow up. Spot urine sample was collected to assess for proteinuria and a blood sample was collected to assess serum creatinine levels. Abnormal kidney function was defined as decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate < 90 ml/minute /1.73m² or proteinuria of ≥1+ on spot urine dipstick. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the CKD-Epi formula. Patients with abnormal kidney function were followed up at 90 days post enrollment to determine their outcomes.Results: Were enrolled 357 patients. The overall prevalence of abnormal kidney function was 32.8% (117/357), 08 (2.2%) patients having proteinuria alone, 68 (19.1%) having decreased eGFR alone, and 41 (11.5%) having both proteinuria and decreased eGFR. The median age of 117 patients with abnormal kidney function was 52 (IQR 39-70) years and majority were males (54.7%). Of the 117 patients with abnormal kidney function, 108 were followed up to 90-days. The 90 days mortality was 69.4% (75/108), and 13.0% (14/108) had progressed to chronic kidney disease. Conclusions: The prevalence of abnormal kidney function was high and the many had adverse outcomes including death and progression to chronic kidney disease. To reduce on these adverse outcomes, patients at risk or with abnormal kidney function may benefit from basic screening and use of management protocols for kidney disease.
Effects Of Nitric Acid And Sulfuric Acid On Thermal Stability Of Nitrocellulose
Authors: Sun Qi , Qiu Yue , xu wenjun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Sulfuric acid and nitric acid are two typical impurities in manufacturing, storage, processing, and transportation of nitrocellulose, and may reduce the thermal stability of nitrocellulose and increase hazards. Thermal behaviors of nitrocellulose contaminated by nitric acid and sulfuric acid were explored by a C80 micro calorimeter. Two exothermic processes were observed after adding acids into nitrocellulose. Kinetics and thermodynamics of pure nitrocellulose and its mixture with two acids were obtained by Kissinger method and Ozawa method. The catalytic mechanism was tested by analysis of reaction curve and isothermal experiments. Impurities of nitric acid and sulfuric acid decreased thermal stability of nitrocellulose with different mechanisms.
Functional and Structural Networks Decoupling in GTCS and Its Reorganization by Drugs
Authors: Pei Haonan , Ma Shuai , Liu Zetao , Wang Yuehan , Yang Zhihuan , Li Qifu , Yao Dezhong , Jiang Sisi , Yu Liang , Luo Cheng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective:The present study aims to investigate the potential disturbance of functional and structural large-scale networks in drug-naive patients with generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) and the effects of drugs-receiving.Methods:In this study, 41 patients with GTCS, including 21 drug-naive patients and 20 patients with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), and 29 healthy controls were recruited to construct large-scale brain networks based on the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor image (DTI). The structural and functional connectivity and the coupling between structure and function were further investigated to identify the network features that responded to drugs.Results:Drug-naive patients showed extensively enhanced functional and structural connections compared with controls. Especially, abnormally enhanced connections between the default mode network (DMN) and the frontal parietal network (FPN) were observed. Besides, drug-receiving patients showed similar functional connection strength to that of the control group. However, drug-receiving and drug-naive patients demonstrated similar alterations in the structural network. Moreover, the structural and functional coupling was decreased in connections within DMN and DMN with other networks, and drug-receiving could reverse the decrease.Significance:These findings identified the pattern alteration of structural and functional connectivity in GTCS patients. AEDs treatment benefit for the seizures might originate from the effects of the functional network rather than the structural network. However, it can improve the abnormal brain network by affecting the coupling relationship. The coupling of structural and functional connectivity might be used to evaluate the efficacy of AEDs.
Evaluation of the awareness and utilization of oral rehydration salt and zinc in managing diarrhoea among under-five children in Oyo State, Nigeria.
Authors: Fagbamigbe Adeniyi Francis , Joseph Juma , Owino Alfred , Mogere Dominic , Kariuki John 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Despite the recommendation that a child having the symptoms of diarrhoea must be given Oral Rehydration Salt (ORS) and Paediatric Zinc Sulphate Dispersible Tablets (Zinc) within 24 hours of such notice, Nigeria ranks as one of the highest countries with the negative consequences of diarrhoea in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study seeks to evaluate the awareness and utilization of ORS and zinc in managing diarrhoea among under-five children (U5C) in Oyo State, Nigeria.Methods: Data was obtained from a cross-sectional survey (n=1154) as well as focus group discussions (FGD) among mothers/caregivers of U5C and key informant interviews in Oyo State. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. The primary outcomes were awareness and utilization of ORS and zinc for managing a recent episode of diarrhoea. The level of significance was set at 5%. Data were analyzed with STATA 16.0 and Nvivo software.Results: Nine of every ten caregivers were aware of the use of ORS/Zinc for managing diarrhoea cases. Prevalence of ever-use of ORS/Zinc for managing diarrhoea cases was 5.4% while the prevalence of having diarrhoea recently was 6.2%(71/1154). Of the 71 mothers whose U5C recently had diarrhoea, 41(57.7%) used ORS/zinc to manage a recent episode of diarrhoea. Adjusted odds of using ORS/Zinc to manage diarrhoea was 2.64 (aOR = 2.64; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.18–10.27) times higher among children who are the first births (first-order) than those with fourth or higher birth order. The adjusted odds of using ORS/Zinc to manage diarrhoea was 9 times (aOR= 9.15; 95% CI: 1.99–34.47) higher among mothers aged 20 to 24 years and 3.82 times (aOR= 3.82; 95% CI: 1.02–14.27) higher among mothers aged 25 to 29 years than those aged 30 to 39 years. Having problems accessing healthcare services was also significant. Some of the FGD participants claimed they have used ORS/zinc before.Conclusion: Despite the high level of awareness of the use of ORS and Zinc in managing diarrhoea, ever-utilization is low but recent use by three-fifths of the caregivers is fair. Maternal age, children birth order and proximity to healthcare facilities are the key influencers. There is a need for Oyo State Ministry of Health and other stakeholders to promote the use of ORS and Zinc in managing diarrhoea.
Influence of Work-Roll Grinding Error and High-Fidelity Corrective Grinding in Cold Sheet Rolling
Authors: Patel Akash , Malik Arif , Zhang Feng , Mathews Ritin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
High-fidelity flatness defects in cold-rolled strip and sheet, arising from highly-localized thickness strain variations, present an ongoing challenge to the metals industry. A primary cause of such defects, based on rolling practice, but for which the effects have not been rigorously investigated, is the transfer of localized work-roll diameter deviations due to roll grinding error. This study addresses high-fidelity work-roll diameter deviation transfer in the cold rolling of stainless steel, aluminum, and copper. Parametric studies are performed on a 4-high mill to examine the influences of roll diameter, reduction, strip width, and material on the transfer of high-fidelity work roll diameter deviations. Studies are conducted using an efficient 3D roll-stack model that predicts strip thickness profile deviations via the simplified-mixed finite element method. Reduction deviations on the outgoing strip, which correlate to strip flatness/shape defects, are quantified and analyzed to understand the transfer characteristics of work-roll grinding deviations relative to perfectly ground (smooth) work rolls. The results reveal that high-fidelity transfer depends not only on roll grinding deviation amplitudes and mill loading, but also on the specific locations of deviations along the roll face length due to 3D bulk roll-stack deformations as well as effective stiffness ratio between the work roll and the strip. Concluding the study is a novel approach to identify customized work roll grinding profiles tailored specifically to eliminate pre-existing high-fidelity strip flatness defect patterns, wherein “corrective” high-fidelity roll diameter profiles account for the predicted 3D mill deflections, contact force distributions, and coupled micro/macro scale deformation mechanics.
4-Bromobenzohydrzide Derivatives as Potent α-amylase Enzyme Inhibitors; Synthesis, in Vitro and in Silico Studies
Authors: Khan Momin , Alam Faima , Ateeq Muhammad , Wadood Abdul , Ali Mahboob , Shah Sana , Alam Aftab , Yousaf Muhammad , Ali Ahmad 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Current study is focused to synthesize 4-Bromobenzohydrzide detivatives (1-29) and were examined for α-amylase enzyme inhibitory potential at various concentrations. 4-Bromobenzoic acid hydrzide detivatives (1-29) were synthesized via three stpers reaction from 4-bromobenzoic acid. Esterification was done by refluxing in MeOH for 2 hr in the presence of of concentrated H2SO4 till dissolution. In second step methyl 4-bromobenzoate and hydrazine hydrate in excess (1:5) was refluxed in methanol. 4-Bromobenzohydrazide hydrazones were synthesized by the condensation reaction of substituted aryl aldehydes and 4-bromobenzohydrazide in the presence of ethanol and glacial acetic acid. All synthesized derivatives demonstrated good inhibitory activities in the range of IC50= 0.217±0.012-5.5±0.019 as compared to standard Acarbose having IC50 = 1. 34 ± 0. 019. Out of twenty nine (29) derivatives, only five (05) compounds 23 8, 24, 9, and 13 showed less activity than the standard. Results of the enzyme inhibition its self showed that the activity of this library is due to the core structure. The slightly changes in activity is might be due to the different substitutions and position of the substitution. Furthermore; molecular docking study was performed in order to explore the possible binding mode of the synthesized compounds against α-amylase enzyme.
Identification of a novel fully human anti-toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST)-1 single-chain fragment variable antibody averting TSST-1-induced mitogenesis and cytokines secretion
Authors: Soezi Mahdieh , Piri-Gavgani Somayeh , Soltanmohammadi Behnoush , Ghanei Mostafa , Vaziri Farzam , Siadat Seyed Davar , Fateh Abolfazl , Khatami Shohreh , Rahimi-Jamnani Fatemeh 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Staphylococcal superantigens are virulence factors that help the pathogen escape the immune system and develop an infection. Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST)-1 is one of the most studied superantigens whose role in toxic shock syndrome and some particular disorders have been demonstrated. Inhibiting TSST-1 production with antibiotics and targeting TSST-1 with monoclonal antibodies might be one of the best strategies to prevent TSST-1-induced cytokines storm followed by lethality. Results: A novel single-chain fragment variable (scFv), MS473, against TSST-1 was identified by selecting an scFv phage library on the TSST-1 protein. The MS473 scFv showed picomolar affinity and specific binding to TSST-1. Moreover, MS473 could significantly prevent TSST-1-induced mitogenicity and cytokine production. Conclusions: Using traditional antibiotics with an anti-TSST-1 scFv as a safe and effective agent leads to deleting the source of infection and prevents the detrimental effects of the toxin disseminated into the whole body.
The effect of reducing dietary energy on performance, intestinal morphology and intestinal peptide and amino acid transporters in broiler chicks
Authors: Mahdavi Reza , Harsini Shahab Ghazi , Piray Ali Hossein 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This experiment evaluated the effects of two levels of metabolizable energy (ME; 2950 and 2850 kcal/kg) on performance, intestinal morphology, and mRNA abundance of amino acid (B0AT, b0,+ AT, CAT1, and y+LAT1) and peptide transporters (PepT1) in broilers during the starter period (0-10 days of age). This is the first reported in this case in human or animal. Two hundred and seventy day-old male Ross 308 broilers were used according to a completely randomized design with two treatments with nine replicates and fifteen birds in each replicate. The outcome variables were measured at ten days of age. The mRNA abundance of PepT1, b0,+ AT, B0AT, y+LAT1, and CAT1 were assayed using real-time PCR. The results showed that the dietary treatments did not affect feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P>0.05). mRNA abundance of the B0AT and b0,+AT decreased as ME level decreased from 2950 to 2850 kcal/kg (P≤0.05). Dietary energy level did not have a significant effect on jejunal mRNA level of PepT1, CAT1, and y+LAT1 (P>0.05). The use of the different dietary energy levels did not affect the villus width (VW), villus height (VH), crypt depth (CD), villus surface area (VSA), and villus height to crypt depth ratio (VCR) (P>0.05). Results of the current experiment confirm that the dietary content of ME affected the expression of amino acid transporters to modulate absorption of nutrients in broilers.
Pedicle screw-rod fixation and pelvic external fixation for the treatment of unstable pelvic ring fracture
Authors: Huang Junqi , Cheng Jiajia , Wang Tao , Shi Bo , Zhang Dingwei , Ye Nan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Pelvic fracture is often associated with life-threatening damage and mechanical instability. Surgical therapy is a prior choice. To minimize surgical invasion and risk, bilateral screws combined with curved rod were applied to stabilize posterior pelvic ring. Anterior external fixation was to improve the fixation strength. This study was aim to explore the clinical effect of the procedure. Methods From January 2018 to January 2020, 27 patients with posterior pelvic fracture were included retrospectively. There were 12 males and 15 females with an average age of 56.3 ± 14.2 years. The prognosis of pelvis was evaluated by Matta and Majeed scores. Relevant clinical evaluation indications include the time of fracture healing, limb function and complications. Results The average follow-up time was 14.2 ± 5.4 month. Matta scoring standard: excellent in 18 cases, good in 7 cases, the good rate was 92.6%. The average healing time was 8.4 months. The standard of Majeed score in 6 months after operation: excellent in 14 cases, good in 10 cases, the good rate was 88.8%. At the last follow-up, the functional recovery of the affected limb was satisfactory. No deep infection occurred after operation.Conclusion The results indicate that screw-rod system and external fixation is a safe technique. Minimally invasive technology reduced frequency of fluoroscopy. It provides a more simple and safety method for posterior pelvic fracture failed conservative treatment.
Application of Hyperbaric Oxygen Preconditioning to Improve Pilot′s Lower Body Negative Pressure Tolerance
Authors: Mengyu Ma , Ye Liu , Liu Hongjin , Jun Wang , Zhaojun Fu , Dongjun Wang , Liping Wang , Liu Qingming , Jun Zheng , Rongli Sun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective: To investigate whether the preconditioning of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO)can improve the tolerance of lower body negative pressure in pilots . Methods: Twenty healthy male fighter pilots were selected as subjects .The multiple HBO chamber was used and 3-time HBO exposure scheme was chosen .The chamber pressure was gradually increased to 2.5 atmospheres absolute （ATA） in 10 min and maintained for 65 min （with twice 30-min mask oxygen breathing and 5-min interval .Then the pressure was gradually reduced to 1.3 ATA in 10 min and returned to normal pressure in 5 min after staying for 5 min .Such 95-min test was undertaken once a day （set at 15:30--17:05） and repeated for 3 days .The lower body negative pressure tolerance was measured before and after HBO preconditioned and self-contrasted . Results: The cumulative stress index was significantly increased from(-1353.50±449 .95) to(-1843.50± 522 0.7) by 3 rounds HBO pretreatment （t =11.10，P<0.05） and it indicated that the lower body negative pressure tolerance had been improved . Conclusions: Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning can improve the pilot’s lower body negative pressure tolerance
Quality of Life and Needs in Informal Caregivers of Elderly (ICE): Results From a Prospective Multicentric Open-label French Study
Authors: Pozet Astrid , Darnis Sophie , Bonnet Magalie , Meurisse Aurélia , Dabakuyo-Yonli Tienhan Sandrine , Lejeune Catherine , Fagnoni Philippe , Gaimard Maryse , Manckoundia Patrick , Quibel Clémence , Marchand Mélanie , Anota Amélie , Nerich Virginie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background. Better knowledge on caregivers is required to address their needs with dedicated support. The results from the ICE study explored the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in caregivers of elderly with chronic disabilities, after social intervention or not.Methods. Caregivers of patients (≥60 years) with cancer, neurodegenerative disease, stroke, or age-related macular degeneration were randomized 1:1 in the supportive intervention group (support from social workers and information booklet) or in the control group (information booklet only), and completed questionnaires (short form-36 questionnaire (SF-36), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), and Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) quarterly (6-monthly for ZBI) during two years. Caregiver characteristics, and caregiver HRQoL assessment through SF-36, HADS, ZBI scores at baseline, at 12 months (M12) and 24 months (M24) on an individual and an aggregate level, were described using paired-t test comparisons, and minimal important difference. Longitudinal assessments of caregiver HRQoL over the two first years were reported.Results. From 2015 to 2019, 179 caregivers supported patients with cancer (n=92, 52%), Alzheimer (n=46, 26%), Parkinson (n=20, 11%) were randomized. No evidence differences in SF-36 PCS and MCS summary scores mean change over time, neither in HADS anxiety and burden ZBI scores were shown. However, HADS depression mean changes showed a clinically significant increase of 1.4 (4.0) at M12, and 1.7 (4.1) at M24 in control group. Conclusion. Appropriate support need to be proposed to improve the global caregiver HRQoL, and reduce depression at 1 and 2 years.Trial registration number: This study was registered retrospectively with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02626377 on 9th December 2015.