bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of energy characteristics of the asynchronous motor with a combined winding
Authors: Martynov K. V. , Panteleeva L. A. , Blagodatskih I. A. 
Published: April 2022

PURPOSE. Asynchronous motors are the main consumers of the electrical energy. Increasing their energy performance can contribute to a significant reduction in energy consumption in general. Using a combined 12-zone winding instead of the standard 6-zone one theoretically can lead to a decrease in electrical losses in the stator winding of the asynchronous motor and to reduce additional losses caused by the higher spatial harmonics. The main purpose of the work is to assess the effect of using a combined winding stator on the energy characteristics of the induction motor.METHODS. The study was performed on two AIR71V4 electric motors, one of which had a standard winding and the other had a combined winding. In the experiment, the engines were rated voltage, and the load was carried out using an electromagnetic loading device. The engines were tested in the range of loads from idle to the nominal. The experiment was performed five times.RESULTS. The work under analysis shows the dependences of the current strength, consumed active and reactive power, efficiency, and power factor from engine load.CONCLUSION. The results of the study showed that an asynchronous motor with the combined winding over the entire investigated range of loads has a lower consumption of both active and reactive power, compared to a motor with a standard winding, while the power factors of these motors are practically the same. The greatest difference in efficiency was observed at loads lower than the nominal in favor of an improved engine model, but also at rated load, the motor with a combined winding has the higher efficiency of 3,1%.
Time structure of the distortion source identification of the electric power quality indicators and hardware and software system for its reduction
Authors: Borodin M. V. , Vinogradov A. V. , Bukreev A. V. , Panfilov A. A. 
Published: April 2022

THE PURPOSE. Investigation of the time structure forthedistortion source identification of the electric power quality and a method for its reduction using of a mobile software and hardware instrumentation system.METHODS. The analysis of the number of complaints regarding low-quality electric power, the structure and values of the time spent on the identification of the distortion sources of the electric power quality indicators (PQI) for the standard values, taking into account all its components, was carried out.RESULTS. It is determined that the number of complaints received by the power grid company regarding lowquality electric powerremains high. At the same time, it takes a long time to identify the distortionsource before putting in place the necessary remedial measures. According to the analyzed data, it can take up to 21 days. The number of cases when the distortion source of the PQI couldn’t be detected within two days was 117 cases of 419 analyzed. The solutions to reduce this time are proposed.CONCLUSIONS. The solutions presented in the article make it possible to reduce the time spent on the source distortion identificationofthe PQI due to the use of a mobile hardware and software instrumentation system (HSIS). A variant of the HSIS structure is proposed, which includes sensors and the HSIS central unit. The proposed HSIS can be used in the absence of external communication channels through the use of data transmitted from the sensors of the system to the central unit using Long Range (LORA) or Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) technologies. In addition, the HSIS provides time synchronization of all the sensors.
Research of the quality of functioning of low-voltage electric devices as a part of electrical complexes
Authors: Abdullazyanov E. Y. , Gracheva E. I. , Gorlov A. N. , Shakurova Z. M. , Tabachnikova T. V. , Shumikhina O. A. , Gibadullin R. R. 
Published: April 2022

THE PURPOSE. To investigate the problem of evaluating the energy-efficient operation of low-voltage switching devices installed in electrical complexes, to analyze the current state of the Russian market of electrical devices and to develop an algorithm and models of the main technical characteristics of circuit breakers of electromagnetic starters and contactors of various manufacturers.METHODS. In solving this problem, the ratio of the nominal current of the device and the resistance of contacts and contact connections of devices of some manufacturing plants is investigated. The analysis of experimental data showed what kind of functional dependences of contact resistances on the rated current have.RESULTS. Approximating functions have been developed based on the results of experimental studies of the value of contact resistances from the main nominal parameters of automatic machines, electromagnetic starters and contactors of some manufacturers.CONCLUSION. The article develops an algorithm and models for evaluating the energy efficiency of operation of low-voltage electrical devices, allowing to specify the amount of power (electricity) losses in equipment and recommended to increase the reliability of calculating electricity losses in low-voltage networks of electrical complexes.
Minimization of power losses in passive power filters
Authors: Boyarskaya N. P. , Dovgun V. P. , Egorov D. E. , Novikov V. V. , Shandrigin D. A. 
Published: April 2022

THE PURPOSE. Broadband passive filters (BBF) are an effective measure to mitigate harmonic resonance in power systems with nonlinear harmonic producing loads. The disadvantage of simple second-order broadband filters are pure selectivity and excessive fundamental frequency losses. This is especially evident in devices designed for low-order harmonics mitigation. This paper presents new broadband filter configurations with superior performances and low fundamental frequency losses.METHODS. A general method of broadband passive filter design is considered. The filter has the form of single-loaded ladder LC-two-port. Conditions of minimal fundamental frequency loss of the filer are determined.RESULTS. This paper presents new broadband filter configurations with superior damping performances and low fundamental frequency losses. Different broadband filter configurations are compared. The results show that 3-5 order broadband ladder filters have better filtering performance and lower power loss than traditional C-type filters.CONCLUSION. The proposed broadband filters can be used for industrial power systems with powerful nonlinear loads. This will normalize the power quality and at the same time improve the energy efficiency of compensating devices.
Optimized sensorless control systems for cargo movement mechanisms
Authors: Sinyukov A. V. , Sinyukova T. V. , Gracheva E. I. , Kolcun M. , Valtchev S. 
Published: April 2022

THE PURPOSE. Investigation of the control system of the cargo movement mechanism when using different variants of sensorless control. The search for the optimal option, in which the formation of the speed is identical to the data obtained from the speed sensor. Analysis of the results obtained during the study, including the results obtained taking into account the heating of the motor windings.METHODS. The tasks set during the research are implemented by simulation modeling using the Matlab Simulink computer simulation environment.RESULTS. The article considers systems with different types of velocity observers. A system is implemented that takes into account the heating of the stator and rotor windings of an asynchronous motor, in which a non-adaptive observer and different types of neural network controller were introduced. A combined method of using neural network regulators is proposed.CONCLUSION. Sensorless control systems are relevant for use in industries with the presence, according to the conditions of the technological process, of high temperatures. The conducted research has shown that the use of neural network technologies allows you to work with settings of different levels and types. The proposed method, implying the use of joint work of neural network observers with various neurostructures, allows for speed testing in the entire range. The connection with cloud storage present in the proposed structure leads to the unloading of the management system, allowing to increase the process of analyzing data coming from the object.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Kain Perca Batik Bojonegoro dan Karung Goni untuk Mengembangkan Mode Tote Bag Kekinian
Authors: Fatoni Mohammad , Lestari Iin Widya , Rafika Nailia , Imamah Uzlifatul , Kholifa Widiawati 
Published: April 2022

Limbah kain perca dapat diolah menjadi berbagai produk yang memiliki nilai ekonomis yang sangat tinggi. Tujuan dari penciptaan produk baru berupa GOBAG JONGOR atau singkatan dari Goni Bag Jonegoroan ini adalah untuk memanfaatkan limbah kain perca batik Bojonegoro yang banyak dijumpai di konveksi-konveksi terdekat dari penulis yang tidak terpakai dan bahkan banyak yang berakhir di tempat sampah. Kegiatan ini, sekaligus membantu memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat umum, khususnya kepada generasi muda, untuk lebih mencintai tas buatan dari dalam daerah dan ikut melestarikan batik dari daerah kita sendiri. Produksi ini, dilakukan selama kurang lebih empat bulan dari awal perencanaan sampai tahap evaluasi usaha. Sedangkan, untuk kegiatan produksi dan pemasaran dilaksanakan di Desa Gajah, Kecamatan Baureno Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Produk berupa tas dari kain goni dan limbah perca batik Bojonegoro ini, memiliki keunggulan produk awet dan tahan lama. Di samping itu juga, produk yang kami produksi ini dengan bahan baku mudah terurai, sehingga limbahnya tidak menjadikan pencemaran lingkungan. Metode pemasaran, kita menggunakan sistem jual beli online dengan memanfaatkan teknologi yang ada, guna mendukung pemerintah dalam mengurangi gerak social kita selama pandemi. Tujuan yang terakhir adalah untuk melestarikan produk lokal dan memperkenalkan batik khas Bojonegoro di dalam atau di luar negeri. Hasil dari kegiatan produksi ini adalah menghasilkan produk tas dari bahan dasar limbah karung goni dan kain perca batik Bojonegoro yang tidak hanya mengutamakan kuantitas dan kualitas produk, namun juga turut serta dalam memberikan peluang usaha bagi masyarakat.
Success in life after service: A perspective on conceptualizing the well-being of military Veterans
Authors: Thompson James M. , Vogt Dawne , Pedlar David 
Published: April 2022

LAY SUMMARY Military members want to do well when they leave service. Good well-being is one way of thinking about success in the transition to life after service. The word well-being has different meanings to different people, which can be confusing. To help Veterans, it must be clearly defined. Some see well-being as something inside a person; others see it as how people are doing in the outside world. People can have poorer or better well-being in many areas of life, not just in how they feel. This article describes a way of thinking about well-being that can work for different purposes.
Ten-year safety of pluripotent stem cell transplantation in acute thoracic spinal cord injury
Authors: McKenna Stephen L. , Ehsanian Reza , Liu Charles Y. , Steinberg Gary K. , Jones Linda , Lebkowski Jane S. , Wirth Edward , Fessler Richard G. 
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (LCTOPC1) derived from human pluripotent stem cells administered between 7 and 14 days postinjury to patients with T3 to T11 neurologically complete spinal cord injury (SCI). The rationale for this first-in-human trial was based on evidence that administration of LCTOPC1 supports survival and potential repair of key cellular components and architecture at the SCI site.

METHODS
This study was a multisite, open-label, single-arm interventional clinical trial. Participants (n = 5) received a single intraparenchymal injection of 2 × 106 LCTOPC1 caudal to the epicenter of injury using a syringe positioning device. Immunosuppression with tacrolimus was administered for a total of 60 days. Participants were followed with annual in-person examinations and MRI for 5 years at the time of this report and will be followed with annual telephone questionnaires for 6 to 15 years postinjection. The primary endpoint was safety, as measured by the frequency and severity of adverse events related to the LCTOPC1 injection, the injection procedure, and/or the concomitant immunosuppression administered. The secondary endpoint was neurological function as measured by sensory scores and lower-extremity motor scores as measured by the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury examinations.

RESULTS
No unanticipated serious adverse events related to LCTOPC1 have been reported with 98% follow-up of participants (49 of 50 annual visits) through the first 10 years of the clinical trial. There was no evidence of neurological decline, enlarging masses, further spinal cord damage, or syrinx formation. MRI results during the long-term follow-up period in patients administered LCTOPC1 cells showed that 80% of patients demonstrated T2 signal changes consistent with the formation of a tissue matrix at the injury site.

CONCLUSIONS
This study provides crucial first-in-human safety data supporting the pursuit of future human embryonic stem cell–derived therapies. While we cannot exclude the possibility of future adverse events, the experience in this trial provides evidence that this cell type can be well tolerated by patients, with an event-free period of up to 10 years. Based on the safety profile of LCTOPC1 obtained in this study, a cervical dose escalation trial was initiated (NCT02302157).
Evolution of the patient-first approach: a dual-trained, single-neurosurgeon experience with 2002 consecutive intracranial aneurysm treatments
Authors: Waqas Muhammad , Monteiro Andre , Cappuzzo Justin M. , Tutino Vincent M. , Levy Elad I. 
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVE
The paradigm for intracranial aneurysm (IA) treatment is shifting toward a hybrid approach involving open and endovascular techniques. The authors chronicled the evolution of IA treatment by retrospectively examining a large series of IA cases treated by a single dual-trained neurosurgeon, focusing on evolving technology relative to the choice of treatment options, perioperative morbidity, and mortality.

METHODS
The aneurysm database at the authors’ institution was searched to identify consecutive patients treated with endovascular or open microsurgical approaches by one neurosurgeon during an 18-year time span. Patients were included regardless of IA rupture status, location or morphology, or treatment modality. Data collected were baseline clinical characteristics, aneurysm size, treatment modality, operative complications, in-hospital mortality, and retreatment rate.

RESULTS
A total of 1858 patients with 2002 IA treatments were included in the study. Three-hundred fifty IAs (17.5%) were ruptured. Open microsurgery was performed in 504 aneurysms (25.2%) and endovascular surgery in 1498 (74.8%). Endovascular IA treatments trended toward a growing use of flow diversion during the last 11 years. In-hospital mortality was 1.7% overall, including 7.0% in ruptured and 0.5% in unruptured cases. The overall complication rate was 3.3%, including 3.4% for microsurgical cases and 3.3% for endovascular cases. The rate of retreatment was 3.6% after clipping and 10.7% for endovascular treatment.

CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates complementary use of open and endovascular approaches for IA treatment. By customizing treatment to the patient, comparable rates of procedural complications, mortality, and retreatment were achieved for both endovascular and microsurgical approaches.
Correction of trigonocephaly after endoscopic strip craniectomy with postoperative helmet orthosis therapy: a 3D stereophotogrammetric study
Authors: Elawadly Ahmed , Smith Luke , Borghi Alessandro , Abdelaziz Khaled I. , Silva Adikarige Haritha Dulanka , Dunaway David J. , Jeelani Noor ul Owase , Ong Juling , James Greg 
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVE
Endoscopic strip craniectomy with postoperative helmet orthosis therapy (ESCH) has emerged as a less invasive alternative to fronto-orbital remodeling for correction of trigonocephaly. However, there is no standardized objective method for monitoring morphological changes following ESCH. Such a method should be reproducible and avoid the use of ionizing radiation and general anesthesia for diagnostic imaging. The authors analyzed a number of metrics measured using 3D stereophotogrammetry (3DSPG) following ESCH, an imaging alternative that is free of ionizing radiation and can be performed on awake children.

METHODS
3DSPG images obtained at two time points (perisurgical and 1-year follow-up [FU]) of children with metopic synostosis who had undergone ESCH were analyzed and compared to 3DSPG images of age-matched control children without craniofacial anomalies. In total, 9 parameters were measured, the frontal angle and anteroposterior volume in addition to 7 novel parameters: anteroposterior area ratio, anteroposterior width ratios 1 and 2, and right and left anteroposterior diagonal ratios 30 and 60.

RESULTS
Six eligible patients were identified in the operated group, and 15 children were in the control group. All 9 parameters differed significantly between perisurgical and age-matched controls, as well as from perisurgical to FU scans. Comparison of FU scans of metopic synostosis patients who underwent surgery to scans of age-matched controls without metopic synostosis revealed that all parameters were statistically identical, with the exception of the right anteroposterior diagonal ratio 30, which was not fully corrected in the treated patients. The left anterior part of the head showed the most change in surface area maps.

CONCLUSIONS
In this pilot study, ESCH showed satisfactory results at 1 year, with improvements in all measured parameters compared to perisurgical results and normalization of 8 of 9 parameters compared to an age-matched control group. The results indicate that these parameters may be useful for craniofacial units for monitoring changes in head shape after ESCH for trigonocephaly and that 3DSPG, which avoids the use of anesthesia and ionizing radiation, is a satisfactory monitoring method.
Explore the Mechanism of β-Asarone on Improving Cognitive Dysfunction in Rats with Diabetic Encephalopathy
Authors: Cai Jingwen , Cai Ming , Xia Wenwen , Jiang Lanlan , Song Hang , Chen Xiangtao 
Published: April 2022

Background: The number of people with diabetes is increasing, and many patients have significantly impaired cognitive function. For patients with diabetic encephalopathy (DE), simply lowering blood sugar does not improve learning and memory. Studies have shown that β-asarone can significantly improve cognitive impairment in patients with DE, but the specific mechanism of action is unclear. Objective: This experiment hopes to use a variety of experimental methods to clarify the protective effect and mechanism of β-asarone on brain neurons during the development of DE disease. Methods: A high-sugar and high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection-induced DE rat model was used. β-asarone was administered for four weeks. The experiment used the Morris water maze test, biochemical index detection, and many methods to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of β-asarone on DE rats from various aspects and understand its mechanism. Results: β-asarone reduced neuronal cell damage and significantly improved the learning and memory ability of DE rats. In addition, β-asarone can reduce the oxidative stress response and amyloid-β accumulation in the brain of DE model rats and increase the content of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain tissue, thereby reducing neuronal cell apoptosis and playing a protective role. Conclusion: β-asarone can reduce the accumulation of oxidative stress and amyloid-β in the brain, increase the content of BDNF, reduce the apoptosis of neuronal cells, and exert neuronal protection, thereby improving the learning and memory ability of DE model rats.
Efficacy of Crural Block in Improving Pain Following Laparoscopic Hiatus Hernia Repair: A Cohort Comparison Study
Authors: Guirgis Mina , Perera Akash , Sciarretta Jessica , Kariyawasam Sanjeeva , Henderson Matthew 
Published: April 2022

Hiatus hernia repair is a commonly performed gastrointestinal surgeries performed worldwide for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux. In the last two decades, there has been a widespread shift from open to laparoscopic repair and this has been proven to significantly reduce postoperative pain, an earlier discharge and a faster return to work. Importantly, there is an obvious gap in the literature regarding postoperative pain experiences and whether any analgesia adjuncts are utilised and to what effect they have on reducing pain and reducing the need for traditional analgesia such as opioids. One novel adjunct uncommonly utilised clinically but not thus far researched is diaphragmatic crural regional infiltration with long-acting local anaesthesia, aiming to dampen pain signals generated from the abdominal and thoracic dissection performed during hiatus hernia repair. This is a low risk, low effort technique performed intraoperatively by the surgeon under direct vision at the end of surgery targeting the vagal afferent nociceptive nerve fibres found in the crural fibres, a viable target for blockade by local anaesthesia. A cohort comparison study was performed at a single centre assessing the effects of crural infiltration with long-acting local anaesthesia performed routinely by one higher volume upper gastrointestinal surgeon, whose cohort is the intervention group. The primary end points assessed were postoperative pain outcomes and opioid requirements and the intervention cohort’s results were compared against that of another high volume upper gastrointestinal surgeon at the same hospital who does not perform crural infiltration. Consecutive cases were analysed from 2019-2021, comparing the two cohort groups’ primary endpoints. Crural infiltration was found to be opioid-sparing, with patients requiring 2mg less morphine each day compared to the non-interventional group. In addition, the interventional cohort experienced reduced peak pain scores compared to the non-interventional group. Increasing age was protective against postoperative pain whilst patients who had purely para-oesophageal hernias experienced more pain than other hernia types. There appear to be potential positive effects of crural anaesthesia infiltration following hiatus hernia repair, though not statistically significant in this study. As such more research into its effects as it can be an important adjunct in reducing postoperative pain.