bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of gene essentiality using machine learning and genome-scale metabolic models
Authors: Freischem Lilli J. , Barahona Mauricio , Oyarzún Diego A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe identification of essential genes, i.e. those that impair cell survival when deleted, requires large growth assays of knock-out strains. The complexity and cost of such experiments has triggered a growing interest in computational methods for gene essentiality prediction. In the case of metabolic genes, Flux Balance Analysis (FBA) is widely employed to predict essentiality under the assumption that cells maximize their growth rate. However, this approach implicitly assumes that knock-out strains optimize the same objectives as the wild-type, which excludes cases in which deletions cause large changes in cell physiology to meet other objectives for survival. Here we resolve this limitation with a novel machine learning approach that predicts essentiality directly from wild-type flux distributions. We first project the wild-type FBA solution onto a mass flow graph, a digraph with reactions as nodes and edge weights proportional to the mass transfer between reactions, and then train binary classifiers on the connectivity of graph nodes. We demonstrate the efficacy of this approach using the most complete metabolic model of Escherichia coli, achieving near state-of-the art prediction accuracy for essential genes. Our approach suggests that wild-type FBA solutions contain enough information to predict essentiality, without the need to assume optimality of deletion strains.
Microtubules self-repair in living cells
Authors: Gazzola Morgan , Schaeffer Alexandre , Vianay Benoit , Gaillard Jérémie , Blanchoin Laurent , Théry Manuel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMicrotubule self-repair has been studied both in vitro and in vivo as an underlying mechanism of microtubule stability. The turnover of tubulin dimers along the microtubule network has challenged the pre-existing dogma that only growing ends are dynamic. However, although there is clear evidence of tubulin incorporation into the shaft of polymerized microtubules in vitro, the possibility of such events taking place in living cells remains uncertain. In this study, we investigated this possibility by microinjecting purified tubulin dimers labeled with a red fluorophore into the cytoplasm of cells expressing GFP-tubulin. We observed the appearance of red dots along pre-existing green microtubule network within minutes. We found that the fluorescence intensities of these red dots were inversely correlated with the green signal, suggesting that the red dimers were incorporated into the microtubules and replaced the pre-existing green dimers. We then characterized the size and spatial frequency of these incorporations as a function of injected tubulin concentration and post-injection delay. The saturation of these measurements contradicted the hypothesis of nonspecific adsorption along microtubules and suggested that the injected dimers incorporated into a finite number of damaged sites. By our low estimate, within a few minutes of the injections, free dimers incorporated into major repair sites every 70 micrometers of microtubules. Finally, we mapped the location of these sites in micropatterned cells and found that they were more concentrated in regions where the actin filament network was less dense and where microtubules exhibited greater lateral fluctuations. These results provide evidences that microtubules do self-repair in living cells, and they provide a quantitative characterization of the temporal and spatial dynamics of this process in PtK2 cells.
Design strategies and health planning to improve the primary health care environment: a case study in Brazil
Authors: Moscatelli Monica 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe research outlined in this paper highlights the importance of certain factors related to primary health care buildings’ physical environment, such as the facility size, the functional efficiency, and the health planning of public areas in the health centers to improve the architectural space of health facilities.Design/methodology/approachThis study was performed using a mixed method. Data collection was carried out through observational research and descriptive analysis in six primary health care facilities in Salvador and Lauro de Freitas, Brazil.FindingsBased on this study’s results, facility capacity, functional efficiency and space accessibility have been considered the facilities’ main problems in the investigated context. The impact of the users’ perspective on healthcare facilities was assessed for each of these three criteria to verify the results obtained. Furthermore, most of the parameters were not satisfied, as the buildings analyzed had defects in their physical environment. Therefore, it is necessary to review and pay more attention to the architecture of these cities’ primary health care units.Originality/valueThe present study addresses the architectural environment design in Brazil’s healthcare facilities, which still have gaps. Improving the physical space of a health center ensures that the approach used in this research also applies to other health centers in similar contexts. The awareness that space’s activities and configurations will change according to each territory examined will open up so many investigation worlds.
The effect of technological innovation on low-tech Peruvian manufacturing firms' performance: the role of external sources of knowledge
Authors: Del Carpio Gallegos Javier Fernando , Seclen-Luna Jean Pierre 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to evaluate the relationship between external sources of knowledge and technological innovation and then analyze how technological innovation improves firm performance.Design/methodology/approachThis study presents evidence based on a sample of 708 low-tech firms that participated in the National Survey of Innovation in the Manufacturing Industry and Knowledge-Intensive Service Firms (ENIIMSEC). A structural equation model approach was applied in this study.FindingsThere is a positive relationship between external sources of knowledge and technological innovation; technological innovation improves firm performance.Originality/valueThese results provide a deeper knowledge about how manufacturing firms in an emerging economy can apply open innovation practices to develop technological innovation, thus improving the firms' performance.
Intensions versus actual behavior: undergraduate business ethics course and students' reported workplace behavior
Authors: Fulmore Anthony L. , Fulmore Julia A. , Asare Enoch K. 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe theory of planned behavior was used as a guiding framework to explore how undergraduate business students, employed full-time, perceived the influence of their first class in business ethics on ethical awareness and ethical behavior in the workplace.Design/methodology/approachIn this qualitative study, the perceived influence of ethics education on ethical awareness and ethical behavior in the workplace was explored. The sample consisted of eight concurrently employed undergraduate business students at a university in the Southwestern US.FindingsInductive analysis of primary data collected in the study suggests that ethics education increased ethical awareness. The increased desire to correct unethical behavior is another step toward ethical behavior. However, the participants in the current study did not report an increase in actual ethical behavior despite their increased ethical awareness and intent. Ethical awareness is only one component in the multidimensional process of ethical decision-making, and the increase in ethical awareness alone may not increase ethical behavior. Instead, attitude toward ethical behavior and perceived behavioral control needs to be considered as well.Originality/valueThe literature indicates that ethics education increases awareness of ethical norms and cognitive moral development. However, the question remains about how ethics education transfers to ethical behavior at the workplace. This study sought to investigate this question.
Analyzing the effect of the structural parameters of the fabric substrate layer on the textile FSS shielding properties
Authors: Hesarian Mir Saeid 
Published: March 2022

PurposeIn this article, the authors intended to analyze the shielding properties of a fabric frequency selective surface (FSS) structure to the basis of substrate fabric properties. For this purpose, the effect of the properties and structural parameters of the substrate fabric layer were analyzed on the shielding properties of the developed FSS.Design/methodology/approachThe experimental and theoretical evaluations were done at the frequency band of 1,805–1,880 MHz and computer simulation technology (CST) was used in modeling. In experiments were developed the FSS structures by different fabrics as the substrate layers and the copper as the patch cells. The shielding properties of these samples were measured experimentally by the developed setup.FindingsConfirming resonant frequencies, transmission coefficients, and the bandwidths results obtained from modeling and experiments show that the thickness, weight and interweaving structure parameters were affect the porosity of the substrate fabric. Porosity of the fabric moves the resonant frequency due to the changing of the dielectric properties of the fabric. Therefore, shielding properties of the FSS structure were affected by these parameters as the important characteristics of the substrate fabric. In addition, shielding properties of the samples (resonant frequencies and transmission coefficients) in different incident angles are not same in two modes of transverse electric and transfer magnetic.Originality/valueThe experimental results suggest that the introduced flexible FSS structures are suitable for shielding applications in the proposed frequency band.
Lean six-sigma (LSS) applications in hospitals: a decade (2011–2020) bibliometric analysis
Authors: Singh Ankit , Ravi Priya 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis study examines the research landscape of Lean Six-Sigma (LSS) applications in hospitals for the period of the last decade (2011–2020) to derive answers to the research questions RQ 1: What are the current publication trends for the application of LSS in hospitals concerning document type, Journal (Source), active authors and country-wise publications and their comparison in the two most reputed scientific databases, i.e. Scopus and Web of Science (WoS), RQ2: What are the clusters based on the authors and keywords? RQ3: What are the research trends and author's productivity in LSS applications in Hospitals? RQ4: What are the future research areas?Design/methodology/approachThis article compares these two databases (Scopus and WoS) based on publication pattern, document type, active authors and co-citation analysis. This article analyzes the core sources, author's productivity, globally cited articles, word growth analysis, thematic map and world collaboration map on the WoS and Scopus dataset. The software used are Vosviewer, Biblioshiny (R Package for Bibliometric) and M.S. Excel.FindingsThe application of LSS in hospitals is a niche theme. In the WoS database International Journal of Lean Six-Sigma and in Scopus database International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance are the most relevant sources publishing research articles in this field. The USA has the highest scientific production in this field. Among the authors, Antony J is the most active author in this area, with the highest contribution over the years.Originality/valueThis study fills the literature gap by mapping the field of LSS in hospitals.
Carbon emissions, inequalities and economic freedom: an empirical investigation in selected South Asian economies
Authors: Jain Megha , Kaur Simrit 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to analyze and empirically test the impact of Economic Freedom [(EF) measured by size of the government] and inequality on environmental pollutants in addition to macroeconomic variables like per capita GDP, governance indicators, etc. along with existence of non-linear (Kuznets) postulation between economic growth and per capita emissions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper examines the select Asian nations' data attributes, first qualitatively using correlation data technique, followed by empirical testing using differenced Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM). Using the data of selected Asian countries for the period from 1981 to 2016, the authors have applied a dynamic panel technique.FindingsThe key findings that emerge from the study are as follows: first, there is weak evidence for the existence of the Kuznets curve based on the empirical results; second, the results indicate that increased EF (by lower government size) could enable to contain carbon emissions; third, there is a negative relationship between democracy and environmental quality (corroborating to the existing studies on carbon emissions); and fourth, there is a strong statistical evidence that increasing income inequality pairs with greater emissions in the middle range of Gini.Practical implicationsThe paper conforms to the universally held conviction that government interventions are essentially less productive and the desirability of a reduced size of the government in realizing sustainable green growth with equity.Social implicationsIn an era of liberalization and privatization, it is argued that the role of the government needs to be redefined if not necessarily truncated.Originality/valueThe current paper incorporates Gini (inequality measure) through its intercountry range dummies to study the differential effect of Gini on carbon emissions. Also, in some of the recent studies, distributional issues have surfaced explicitly in the discussion of income–climatic change relationship, but EF largely remains missing. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the same empirically.
Positive and negative valences, personal innovativeness and intention to use facial recognition for payments
Authors: Palash Md. Abu Saeed , Talukder Md. Shamim , Islam A.K.M. Najmul , Bao Yukun 
Published: March 2022

PurposeFacial recognition payment (FRP) has been attracting attention as an alternative payment mode. This research aims to investigate the future use of FRP for both mobile payment and point of sale payment.Design/methodology/approachThe body of information on this topic is promoted by proposing the valence framework, where the authors used relative advantage, initial trust, perceived playfulness and need for uniqueness as positive valence, and perceived risk, technophobia and perceived complexity as negative valence. This study also investigated the moderating effect of personal innovativeness on consumers' behavioral intention to use FRP-based payments. The authors collected data from 392 FRP users from China to test the model. The authors used structural equation modeling (SEM) to evaluate the significant determinants influencing FRP use.FindingsThe authors found that relative advantage and privacy risk are the two most influential predictors of FRP use. The findings indicate that personal innovativeness acts as a moderator between negative valence and behavioral intention. This study provides valuable policy guidelines for the mobile or point of sale (POS) payment companies for adding FRP service into their default payment method.Originality/valueFRP is a relatively new technology that has not received much research attention in information system (IS) literature. Most studies on payment investigated enablers, and less effort has been given to study both enablers and inhibitors together. Furthermore, the authors employed SEM-based analysis to identify the most important factors influencing consumers' future use decisions.
Food waste perceptions: vice versus virtue foods
Authors: Seo Joon Yong , Yoon Sukki 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
Food waste has strong ecological, economical and social implications. Focusing on waste perceptions and behavior according to food types, this paper aims to propose that vice or virtue food categories determine cognitive and behavioral reactions to food waste. The authors examine the psychological mechanism underlying the differential waste perceptions and behavior.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conduct five studies, including a field study, to provide converging evidence that supports this theorization.

Findings
This study demonstrates that consumers feel that trashing vice food is more wasteful than trashing virtue food. They are less willing to waste vice food and more comfortable with wasting virtue food. Consequently, they waste more virtue than vice foods. The authors demonstrate that counterfactual thinking explains the food type effect on waste.

Research limitations/implications
This paper provides a conceptual framework for understanding and explaining food waste perceptions and behavior across vice and virtue food categories. This paper identifies counterfactual thinking as underpinning the psychology of waste perceptions and behaviors. The findings extend the growing research on subconscious and unintentional food waste, the food consumption literature and the psychology of waste literature.

Practical implications
The differential waste perceptions and behavior provide several implications for waste interventions and consumer education. By expanding theories of consumer food waste, this paper provides material for educational campaigns aimed at reducing waste and improving healthful eating.

Social implications
Consumers can benefit from understanding their tendency to avoid wasting vice foods but will waste virtue foods with little compunction. Waste aversion may be a reason people consume vice foods beyond satiation. Consumers may overconsume vice foods because they are so acutely averse to wasting them, with detrimental consequences for health and welfare.

Originality/value
To reduce consumer food waste, one must gain deeper insights into factors shaping consumer food waste perceptions and behavior. Food waste studies have been increasing but have overlooked the power of consumer perceptions in driving food waste consequences. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no prior study has examined how food type affects waste perceptions and behavior. This research fills this gap.
Analysis of the prevalence of extreme poverty in Africa South of the Sahara: do geographical proximity and corruption spillovers matter?
Authors: Olaoye Olumide Olusegun 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe paper investigates the prevalence of extreme poverty in a panel of 39 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries over the period 2000–2018 while accounting for spillover effects.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts the recently developed spatial dependence-consistent, bias-corrected quasi-maximum likelihood (QML) estimators and the linear dynamic panel regression to control for the potential endogeneity in poverty and corruption spillovers.FindingsThe spatial model shows. consistently across all the specifications, that there is a substantial spillover effect of corruption and poverty across the region. Additionally, the study also found that investment in health and education is a significant determinant of poverty in the region. However, the effectiveness of these policy variables to reduce poverty declines in the face of corruption spillovers. More importantly, the empirical analysis shows that poverty does not only exhibit spatial spillovers but also has a persistent effect over time. The results, therefore, suggest that to reduce poverty in the region, sub-Saharan African governments must adopt spatially differentiated policies and programmes by working together to reduce unemployment and corruption in the region, and not the widely adopted spatially mute designs currently in place. The research and policy implications are discussed.Originality/valueThe study accounts for spatial dependency and spillover effects in the analysis of poverty and corruption in SSA
Corporate governance and the capital structure behavior: empirical evidence from France
Authors: Miloud Tarek 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test the validity of dynamic tradeoff theory and argue that the speed of adjustment toward the target capital structure may vary depending primarily on some inherent firm characteristics.Design/methodology/approachThe objective of this article is to study the impact of the corporate governance arrangements on the capital structure behavior taken by listed French firms. The author measures the corporate governance arrangements in three different ways to capture its influences on the capital structure and analyze how it affects a firm's rebalancing behavior in the presence of relevant control variables. Assuming that costs related to deviations from the target leverage are positively correlated with the duration of the deviation, the author finds that firms with a strong governance system adjust at a faster rate because the longer the deviation lasts, the greater the loss in firm value. In addition, firms with more efficient governance structures face lower adjustment costs.FindingsThe author measures corporate governance quality in different ways by using several proxies. The results make a major contribution to the literature and show that the quality of the governance system is an important factor in helping the company achieve fatly its target leverage. The authors produces further support for the initial finding by showing that the two extreme leverage deviation groups are dominated by firms with weak governance. The author also shows that the rebalancing speed is faster for firms with strong governance systems.Originality/valueThe paper proposes that a firm characterized by a strong governance system will display a shorter-duration deviation from the target capital structure and a higher adjustment level than a firm with weak governance. In other words, the author argues that the deviation from the target capital structure and the adjustment level are related to the quality of corporate governance. The results indicate that firms with a stronger governance structure are characterized by shorter-term deviations from the target. The author also finds that firms belonging to the two subsamples where leverage deviation is at extremely high or low levels are characterized by a weak governance system. The results corroborate the hypothesis on the speed of adjustment toward the desired target leverage. Furthermore, the author empirically proves that the adjustment level of firms with stronger governance is higher in both extreme leverage situations. This paper extends the existing literature on capital structure adjustment by introducing the effect of corporate governance.