bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein Condensation, Cellular Organization, and Spatiotemporal Regulation of Cytoplasmic Properties
Authors: van Tartwijk Francesca W. , Kaminski Clemens F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe cytoplasm is an aqueous, highly crowded solution of active macromolecules. Its properties influence the behavior of proteins, including their folding, motion, and interactions. In particular, proteins in the cytoplasm can interact to form phase‐separated assemblies, so‐called biomolecular condensates. The interplay between cytoplasmic properties and protein condensation is critical in a number of functional contexts and is the subject of this review. The authors first describe how cytoplasmic properties can affect protein behavior, in particular condensate formation, and then describe the functional implications of this interplay in three cellular contexts, which exemplify how protein self‐organization can be adapted to support certain physiological phenotypes. The authors then describe the formation of RNA‐protein condensates in highly polarized cells such as neurons, where condensates play a critical role in the regulation of local protein synthesis, and describe how different stressors trigger extensive reorganization of the cytoplasm, both through signaling pathways and through direct stress‐induced changes in cytoplasmic properties. Finally, the authors describe changes in protein behavior and cytoplasmic properties that may occur in extremophiles, in particular organisms that have adapted to inhabit environments of extreme temperature, and discuss the implications and functional importance of these changes.
The Role of ECM Remodeling, EMT, and Adhesion Molecules in Cancerous Neural Invasion: Changing Perspectives
Authors: Mukherjee Abhishek , Ha Patrick , Wai Katherine C. , Naara Shorook 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPerineural invasion (PNI) refers to the cancerous invasion of nerves. It provides an alternative route for metastatic invasion and can exist independently in the absence of lymphatic or vascular invasion. It is a prominent characteristic of specific aggressive malignancies where it correlates with poor prognosis. The clinical significance of PNI is widely recognized despite a lack of understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis. The interaction between the nerve and the cancer cells is the most pivotal PNI step which is mediated by the activation or inhibition of multiple signaling pathways that include chemokines, interleukins, nerve growth factors, and matrix metalloproteinases, to name a few. The nerve–cancer cell interaction brings about specific changes in the perineural niche, which not only affects the regular nerve functions, but also enhances the migratory, invasive, and adherent properties of the tumor cells. This review aims to elucidate the vital role of adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix, and epithelial‐mesenchymal proteins that promote PNI, which may serve as therapeutic targets in the future.
Peptide‐Based Coacervate‐Core Vesicles with Semipermeable Membranes
Authors: Abbas Manzar , Law Jack O. , Grellscheid Sushma N. , Huck Wilhelm T. S. , Spruijt Evan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCoacervates droplets have long been considered as potential protocells to mimic living cells. However, these droplets lack a membrane and are prone to coalescence, limiting their ability to survive, interact, and organize into higher‐order assemblies. This work shows that tyrosine‐rich peptide conjugates can undergo liquid–liquid phase separation in a well‐defined pH window and transform into stable membrane‐enclosed protocells by enzymatic oxidation and cross‐linking at the liquid–liquid interface. The oxidation of the tyrosine‐rich peptides into dityrosine creates a semipermeable, flexible membrane around the coacervates with tunable thickness, which displays strong intrinsic fluorescence, and stabilizes the coacervate protocells against coalescence. The membranes have an effective molecular weight cut‐off of 2.5 kDa, as determined from the partitioning of small dyes and labeled peptides, RNA, and polymers into the membrane‐enclosed coacervate protocells. Flicker spectroscopy reveals a membrane bending rigidity of only 0.1kBT, which is substantially lower than phospholipid bilayers despite a larger membrane thickness. Finally, it is shown that enzymes can be stably encapsulated inside the protocells and be supplied with substrates from outside, which opens the way for these membrane‐bound compartments to be used as molecularly crowded artificial cells capable of communication or as a vehicle for drug delivery.
Periodic Nanoporous Inorganic Patterns Directly Made by Self‐Ordering of Cracks
Authors: Odziomek Mateusz , Thorimbert Fanny , Boissiere Cedric , Drisko Glenna L. , Parola Stephane , Sanchez Clement , Faustini Marco 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSolution‐processed inorganic nanoporous films are key components for the vast spectrum of applications ranging from dew harvesting to solar cells. Shaping them into complex architectures required for advanced functionality often needs time‐consuming or expensive fabrication. In this work, crack formation is harnessed to pattern porous inorganic films in a single step and without using lithography. Aqueous inks, containing inorganic precursors and polymeric latexes enable evaporation‐induced, defect‐free periodic arrays of cracks with tunable dimensions over several centimeters. The ink formulation strategy is generalized to more than ten inorganic materials including simple and binary porous oxide and metallic films covering a whole spectrum of properties including insulating, photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, conductive, or electrochromic materials. Notably, this approach enables 3D self‐assembly of cracks by stacking several layers of different compositions, yielding periodic assemblies of polygonal shapes and Janus‐type patterns. The crack patterned periodic arrays of nanoporous TiO2 diffract light, and are used as temperature‐responsive diffraction grating sensors. More broadly, this method represents a unique example of a self‐assembly process leading to long‐range order (over several centimeters) in a robust and controlled way.
Fabrication of Delaminated 2D Metal Carbide MXenes (Nb2CTx) by CTAB‐based NO2 Gas Sensor with Enhanced Stability
Authors: Rathi Keerti , Arkoti Naveen Kumar , Pal Kaushik 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSensitivity is the prime factor in solid‐state gas sensors in terms of explicit noting of the change in signal. For achieving this, two vital prerequisites to be satisfied simultaneously: (i) electrical noise should be null and (ii) significant signal which is not met by the existing sensing materials. This study demonstrates that 2D metal carbide MXenes (Nb2CTx) have strong metal conductivity for noise reduction and abundant functional groups for detecting the signal toward higher sensitivity. This work shows successful exfoliation of Nb2CTx in the presence of cationic surfactants like cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), which is significantly stable. The confirmation about the successful stabilization of Nb2CTx in DI water is obtained from material characterization and gas sensing observations. The experiments show that the dynamic sensing response of the Nb2CTx‐CTAB sensor increases by ≈3 times for NO2 gas detection. The sensitivity of the Nb2CTx and Nb2CTx‐CTAB found 0.543 and 1.686 ppm–1, respectively, toward NO2 gas. Over time (up to 30 d), CTAB functionalized Nb2CTx MXene noticed trace‐level detection capability with better environmental stability than pristine MXene. Herein, the obtained results show the gas sensing characteristics of Nb2CTx‐CTAB and witness a selective and ultra‐sensitive response toward NO2 gas detection.
Extended Hybridization and Energy Transfer in Periodic Multi‐Material Organic Structures in Strong Coupling with Surface Plasmon
Authors: Bard Antoine , Minot Sylvain , Symonds Clémentine , Benoit Jean‐Michel , Gassenq Alban , Bessueille François , Andrioletti Bruno , Pérez de la Vega Camilo R. , Chevrier Kévin , De Wilde Yannick , Krachmalnicoff Valentina , Bellessa Joel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe strong light−matter coupling, occurring when the light−matter interaction prevails on the damping, has found applications beyond the domain of optics in chemistry or transport. These advances make the development of various structures in strong coupling crucial. In this paper, a new way to hybridize two materials and transfer energy through a surface plasmon over micrometric distances is proposed. For this purpose, two patterned interlocked dye arrays, one donor and one acceptor, are deposited on a silver surface by successive micro‐contact printing, leading to a pattern of 5 microns period. The dispersion relation of the structure is measured with reflectometry experiments, showing the hybridization with the plasmon, and the formation of states that mix both excitons and the plasmon with similar weights. The mixing in these polaritonic metasurfaces enables an energy transfer mechanism in the strong coupling, which is observed with luminescence experiments. As the donor and acceptor are spatially separated by a distance larger than the diffraction limit the excitation transfer is directly measured and evaluated by comparison with dye arrays without silver.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Pharmaceutically Relevant Bulky Arylbutylamines Using Engineered Transaminases
Authors: Sheludko Yuriy V. , Slagman Sjoerd , Gittings Samantha , Charnock Simon J. , Land Henrik , Berglund Per , Fessner Wolf‐Dieter 
Published: July 2022

AbstractATAs engineered for having an enlarged small binding pocket were applied for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure (R)‐benzo[1,3]dioxol‐5‐yl‐butylamine, a chiral component of human leukocyte elastase inhibitor DMP 777 (L‐694,458). Kinetic resolution of the racemic amine was performed by using the L59A variant of the (S)‐selective ATA from Chromobacterium violaceum (Cv‐ATA), providing the residual (R)‐enantiomer in excellent yield and >99% ee. At moderate enzyme loading and absence of co‐solvent, high volumetric productivity of 0.22 mol L−1 h−1 (42.5 g L−1 h−1) was achieved. Complementarily, the (S)‐enantiomer was generated via kinetic resolution using the (R)‐selective ATA‐117‐Rd11 from Arthrobacter sp. with acetone as the amino acceptor. In an alternative approach, we employed ATA‐117‐Rd11 for the asymmetric amination of the prochiral ketone precursor, which at 86% conversion gave the (R)‐benzo[1,3]dioxol‐5‐yl‐butylamine with excellent >99% ee. We further evaluated the utility of Cv‐ATA L59A for the asymmetric synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant (S)‐1‐phenylbutan‐1‐amine, a chiral component of the deubiquitinase inhibitor degrasyn (WP1130). The enzyme showed good tolerance to high concentrations of isopropylamine, producing (S)‐1‐phenylbutan‐1‐amine in enantiomerically pure form (>99% ee).magnified image
Multimodal Noninvasive Functional Neurophotonic Imaging of Murine Brain‐Wide Sensory Responses
Authors: Chen Zhenyue , Zhou Quanyu , Deán‐Ben Xosé Luís , Gezginer Irmak , Ni Ruiqing , Reiss Michael , Shoham Shy , Razansky Daniel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractModern optical neuroimaging approaches are expanding the ability to elucidate complex brain function. Diverse imaging contrasts enable direct observation of neural activity with functional sensors along with the induced hemodynamic responses. To date, decoupling the complex interplay of neurovascular coupling and dynamical physiological states has remained challenging when employing single‐modality functional neuroimaging readings. A hybrid fluorescence optoacoustic tomography platform combined with a custom data processing pipeline based on statistical parametric mapping is devised, attaining the first noninvasive observation of simultaneous calcium and hemodynamic activation patterns using optical contrasts. Correlated changes in the oxy‐ and deoxygenated hemoglobin, total hemoglobin, oxygen saturation, and rapid GCaMP6f fluorescence signals are observed in response to peripheral sensory stimulation. While the concurrent epifluorescence serves to corroborate and complement the functional optoacoustic observations, the latter further aids in decoupling the rapid calcium responses from the slowly varying background in the fluorescence recordings mediated by hemodynamic changes. The hybrid imaging platform expands the capabilities of conventional neuroimaging methods to provide more comprehensive functional readings for studying neurovascular and neurometabolic coupling mechanisms and related diseases.
Multiscale Engineering of Nonprecious Metal Electrocatalyst for Realizing Ultrastable Seawater Splitting in Weakly Alkaline Solution
Authors: Li Jiankun , Yu Tingting , Wang Keyu , Li Zhiheng , He Juan , Wang Yixing , Lei Linfeng , Zhuang Linzhou , Zhu Minghui , Lian Cheng , Shao Zongping , Xu Zhi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSeawater electrolysis is an attractive technique for mass production of high‐purity hydrogen considering the abundance of seawater. Nevertheless, due to the complexity of seawater environment, efficient anode catalyst, that should be, cost effective, highly active for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) but negligible for Cl2/ClO– formation, and robust toward chlorine corrosion, is urgently demanded for large‐scale application. Although catalysis typically appears at surface, while the bulk properties and morphology structure also have a significant impact on the performance, thus requiring a systematic optimization. Herein, a multiscale engineering approach toward the development of cost‐effective and robust OER electrocatalyst for operation in seawater is reported. Specifically, the engineering of hollow‐sphere structure can facilitate the removal of gas product, while atom‐level synergy between Co and Fe can promote Co sites transforming to active phase, and in situ transformation of sulfate ions layer protects catalysts from corrosion. As a result, the as‐developed hollow‐sphere structured CoFeSx electrocatalyst can stably operate at a high current density of 100 mA cm–2 in the alkaline simulated seawater (pH = 13) for 700 h and in a neutral seawater for 20 h without attenuation. It provides a new strategy for the development of electrocatalysts with a broader application potential.
Spin Waves and Magnetic Exchange Hamiltonian in CrSBr
Authors: Scheie Allen , Ziebel Michael , Chica Daniel G. , Bae Youn June , Wang Xiaoping , Kolesnikov Alexander I. , Zhu Xiaoyang , Roy Xavier 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCrSBr is an air‐stable two‐dimensional (2D) van der Waals semiconducting magnet with great technological promise, but its atomic‐scale magnetic interactions—crucial information for high‐frequency switching—are poorly understood. An experimental study is presented to determine the CrSBr magnetic exchange Hamiltonian and bulk magnon spectrum. TheA‐type antiferromagnetic order using single crystal neutron diffraction is confirmed here. The magnon dispersions are also measured using inelastic neutron scattering and rigorously fit the excitation modes to a spin wave model. The magnon spectrum is well described by an intra‐plane ferromagnetic Heisenberg exchange model with seven nearest in‐plane exchanges. This fitted exchange Hamiltonian enables theoretical predictions of CrSBr behavior: as one example, the fitted Hamiltonian is used to predict the presence of chiral magnon edge modes with a spin‐orbit enhanced CrSBr heterostructure.
Vision Defense: Efficient Antibacterial AIEgens Induced Early Immune Response for Bacterial Endophthalmitis
Authors: Li Tingting , Wu Yan , Cai Wenting , Wang Dong , Ren Chengda , Shen Tianyi , Yu Donghui , Qiang Sujing , Hu Chengyu , Zhao Zheng , Yu Jing , Peng Chen , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBacterial endophthalmitis (BE) is an acute eye infection and potentially irreversible blinding ocular disease. The empirical intravitreous injection of antibiotic is the primary treatment once diagnosed as BE. However, the overuse of antibiotic contributes to the drug resistance of pathogens and the retinal toxicity of antibiotic limits its application in clinic. Herein, a cationic aggregation‐induced emission luminogens named with triphenylamine thiophen pyridinium (TTPy) is reported for photodynamic treatment of BE. TTPy can selectively discriminate and kill bacteria efficiently over normal ocular cells. More importantly, TTPy shows excellent antibacterial ability in BE rat models infected by Staphylococcus aureus. Meanwhile, the bacterial killing behavior triggered by TTPy induces innate immune response at an early stage of infection, limiting subsequent robust inflammation and protecting retina from bacterial toxins and inflammation‐induced bystander damage. In addition, TTPy performs better antibacterial ability than commercially used Rose Bengal, suggesting its excellent capability of vision salvage in acute BE. This study exhibits an efficient photodynamic antibacterial treatment to BE, which induces an early intraocular immune response and saves useful vision, endowing TTPy a promising potential for clinical application of ocular infections.
All‐Electrical Programmable Domain‐Wall Spin Logic‐In‐Memory Device
Authors: Wang Weiyang , Sheng Yu , Zheng Yuanhui , Ji Yang , Wang Kaiyou 
Published: July 2022

AbstractControl of spins by spin–orbit torque brings novel strategies to design spintronic devices with potentially high impact in data storage and logic‐in‐memory computing architectures. Although various attempts have been proposed to avoid the participation of magnetic field during magnetization switching for realizing multifunctional spin logic devices, simpler and more feasible approaches are still strongly desired. Here, field‐free current‐induced magnetization switching is achieved through magnetic domain wall (DW) motion in a dual‐channels device, where the chiral Néel DW is stabilized by the strong Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction in Pt/Co/Ru asymmetric structure. By electrically programming the initial magnetization states of the device with two opposite switching modes, four Boolean logic gates of AND, NAND, OR, and NOR are demonstrated. This work demonstrates that ingenious geometry design can be important for developing the spin logic devices and in‐memory computing architectures.
Evidence for an association between Coffin‐Siris syndrome and congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Gofin Yoel , Zhao Xiaonan , Gerard Amanda , Scaglia Fernando , Wangler Michael F. , Schrier Vergano Samantha A. , Scott Daryl A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCoffin‐Siris syndrome (CSS) is an autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental syndrome that can present with a variety of structural birth defects. Pathogenic variants in 12 genes have been shown to cause CSS. Most of these genes encode proteins that are a part of the mammalian switch/sucrose non‐fermentable (mSWI/SNF; BAF) complex. An association between genes that cause CSS and congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) has been suggested based on case reports and the analysis of CSS and CDH cohorts. Here, we describe an unpublished individual with CSS and CDH, and we report additional clinical information on four published cases. Data from these individuals, and a review of the literature, provide evidence that deleterious variants in ARID1B, ARID1A, SMARCB1, SMARCA4, SMARCE1, ARID2, DPF2, and SMARCC2, which are associated with CSS types 1–8, respectively, are associated with the development of CDH. This suggests that additional genetic testing to identify a separate cause of CDH in an individual with CSS may be unwarranted, and that comprehensive genetic testing for individuals with non‐isolated CDH should include an evaluation of CSS‐related genes. These data also suggest that the mSWI/SNF (BAF) complex may play an important role in diaphragm development.
Benzo[b]naphtho[1,2‐d]thiophene Sulfoxides: Biomimetic Synthesis, Photophysical Properties, and Applications
Authors: Shen Xian‐Yan , Li Man , Zhou Tai‐Ping , Huang Ji‐Rong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA practical synthesis of nonsymmetrical thiophene‐fused aromatic systems has been developed that was inspired by the biodegradation of benzothiophene. For the first time, the photophysical properties of a series of π‐conjugated benzo[b]naphtho[1,2‐d]thiophene (BNT) sulfoxides were explored both in solution and in the solid state. The excellent fluorescence characteristics enable various applications of these compounds.
Effect of Lipophilicity in Oxyanion‐Responsive Europium(III) Complexes**
Authors: Grenier Laura L. A. , Nielsen Lea G. , Sørensen Thomas J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractResponsive lanthanide(III) complexes – europium(III) complexes in particular – have been the focus of studies for several decades. While responsive lanthanide complexes have been reported and investigated frequently, the supramolecular aspects and linear free‐energy relationship have seen less attention. Here, we are revisiting five europium(III) complexes and investigating their binding to ten different guests, all with a primary interaction between the europium(III) ion and a bidentate carboxylate anion. The studies consisted of measuring emission spectra, analysing band behaviours of the europium transitions, and calculating lifetime isotherms. The media effect was also investigated, and by eliminating the impact of hydrophobic effects, we can show that selectivity in these host‐guest systems can be tuned by the secondary lipophilic interactions.
Superiority of Low‐Dose Benzbromarone to Low‐Dose Febuxostat in a Prospective, Randomized Comparative Effectiveness Trial in Gout Patients With Renal Uric Acid Underexcretion
Authors: Yan Fei , Xue Xiaomei , Lu Jie , Dalbeth Nicola , Qi Han , Yu Qing , Wang Can , Sun Mingshu , Cui Lingling , Liu Zhen , He Yuwei , Yuan Xuan , Chen Ying , Cheng Xiaoyu , Ma Lidan , Li Hailong , Ji Aichang , Hu Shuhui , Ran Zijing , Terkeltaub Robert , Li Changgui 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThe predominant mechanism driving hyperuricemia in gout is renal uric acid underexcretion; however, the standard urate‐lowering therapy (ULT) recommendation is first‐line xanthine oxidase inhibitor (XOI), irrespective of the cause of hyperuricemia. This comparative effectiveness clinical trial was undertaken to compare first‐line nontitrated low‐dose benzbromarone (LDBen) uricosuric therapy to XOI ULT with low‐dose febuxostat (LDFeb) in gout patients with renal uric acid underexcretion.MethodsWe conducted a prospective, randomized, single‐center, open‐label trial in men with gout and renal uric acid underexcretion (defined as fractional excretion of urate <5.5% and uric acid excretion ≤600 mg/day/1.73 m2). A total of 196 participants were randomly assigned to receive LDBen 25 mg daily or LDFeb 20 mg daily for 12 weeks. All participants received daily urine alkalization with oral sodium bicarbonate. The primary end point was the rate of achieving the serum urate target of <6 mg/dl.ResultsMore participants in the LDBen group achieved the serum urate target than those in the LDFeb group (61% compared to 32%, P < 0.001). Rates of adverse events, including gout flares and urolithiasis, did not differ between groups, with the exception of greater transaminase elevation in the LDFeb group (4% for LDBen compared to 15% for LDFeb, P = 0.008).ConclusionCompared to LDFeb, LDBen has superior urate‐lowering efficacy and similar safety in treating relatively young and healthy patients with renal uric acid underexcretion–type gout.
Annulation Tactics of cis‐syn‐cis Triquinanes by Allylsilanes: Application of Hosomi‐Sakurai Reaction Conditions
Authors: Kotha Sambasivarao , Ansari Saima , Gupta Naveen K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA stereoselective [3+2] cycloaddition approach to functionalized pentaquinanes starting from cis‐syn‐cis triquinanes, derived from Cookson's diones, is reported. This transformation involves generation of six new stereocenters in a single step leading to cis‐anti‐cis‐syn‐cis‐anti‐cis polyquinane systems. Our method prevents transannular cyclizations which are prevalent in these moieties. The structure and stereochemistry of target molecules are well‐characterized based on NMR data and X‐ray diffraction studies.