bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RNA sequencing revealed the multi-stage transcriptome transformations during the development of gallbladder cancer associated with chronic inflammation
Authors: Yang Sen , Qin Litao , Wu Pan , Liu Yanbing , Zhang Yanling , Mao Bing , Yan Yiyang , Yan Shuai , Tan Feilong , Yue Xueliang , Liu Hongshan , Xue Huanzhou 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a highly malignant tumor with extremely poor prognosis. Previous studies have suggested that the carcinogenesis and progression of GBC is a multi-stage and multi-step process, but most of them focused on the genome changes. And a few studies just compared the transcriptome differences between tumor tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues. The transcriptome changes, relating to every stage of GBC evolution, have rarely been studied.
Methods
We selected three cases of normal gallbladder, four cases of gallbladder with chronic inflammation induced by gallstones, five cases of early GBC, and five cases of advanced GBC, using next-generation RNA sequencing to reveal the changes in mRNAs and lncRNAs expression during the evolution of GBC.
Results
In-depth analysis of the sequencing data indicated that transcriptome changes from normal gallbladder to gallbladder with chronic inflammation were distinctly related to inflammation, lipid metabolism, and sex hormone metabolism; transcriptome changes from gallbladder with chronic inflammation to early GBC were distinctly related to immune activities and connection between cells; and the transcriptome changes from early GBC to advanced GBC were distinctly related to transmembrane transport of substances and migration of cells.
Conclusion
Expression profiles of mRNAs and lncRNAs change significantly during the evolution of GBC, in which lipid-based metabolic abnormalities play an important promotive role, inflammation and immune activities play a key role, and changes in membrane proteins are the most highlighted molecular changes.
Phy-Q: A Testbed for Physical Reasoning
Authors: Xue Cheng , Pinto Vimukthini , Gamage Chathura , Nikonova Ekaterina , Zhang Peng , Renz Jochen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Humans are well-versed in reasoning about the behaviors of physical objects and choosing actions accordingly to accomplish tasks, while it remains a major challenge for AI. To facilitate research addressing this problem, we propose a new testbed that requires an agent to reason about physical scenarios and take an action appropriately. Inspired by the physical knowledge acquired in infancy and the capabilities required for robots to operate in real-world environments, we identify 15 essential physical scenarios. For each scenario, we create a wide variety of distinct task templates, and we ensure all the task templates within the same scenario can be solved by using one specific strategic physical rule. By having such a design, we evaluate two distinct levels of generalization, namely the local generalization and the broad generalization. We conduct an extensive evaluation with human players, learning agents with varying input types and architectures, and heuristic agents with different strategies. Inspired by how human IQ is calculated, we define the physical reasoning quotient (Phy-Q score) that reflects the physical reasoning intelligence of an agent. Our evaluation shows that 1) all agents are far below human performance, and 2) learning agents, even with good local generalization ability, struggle to learn the underlying physical reasoning rules and fail to generalize broadly. We encourage the development of intelligent agents that can reach the human level Phy-Q score. Website: https://github.com/phy-q/benchmark
“It’s all about the money”: An interpretive description of embedding physical therapy-led falls prevention group exercise in long-term care
Authors: Binns Elizabeth , Bright Felicity , Parsons John , Peri Kathy , Taylor Lynne , Kerse Ngaire , Taylor Denise 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Fall prevention interventions are effective for community dwelling older adults however, the same cannot be said for older adults living in long-term care (LTC). The Staying UpRight (SUp) randomized controlled trial was designed to test the effectiveness of a progressive strength and balance group exercise program delivered to LTC residents. This paper explores what impacts on LTC providers’ decisions to continue the program on completion of the funded trial period.Methods: A qualitative study using an Interpretive Description approach. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with 15 LTC staff who had been involved in the randomized controlled trial. Data were analysed using conventional content analysis.Results: Practice change occurred following participation in the trial with some facilities starting exercise groups, some increasing the number of exercise groups offered and physical therapists selecting elements of the program to adopt into their practice. Continuing with SUp as designed was constrained by organizational decisions on the use of funding and resources. Three factors were identified which informed decision-making: business models and philosophies, requirements for evidence, and valuing physical therapy.Conclusions: Managers and facilitators demonstrated effective adaptation of the SUp in response to the changes they had observed in residents taking part in the program. However, our findings highlight that while SUp was valued, the tight financial environment created by the current funding model in New Zealand does not support delivery of falls prevention in LTC by a physical therapist. This study may provide policy makers with important information on changes needed to support falls prevention service delivery in LTC.Trial registration: This study is a sub-study of a randomized controlled trial which was registered to the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12618001827224 on 09/11/2018. Universal trial number U1111-1217-7148.
WITHDRAWN: Variation of seed metrics and germination among landraces and improved varieties of African Nightshade (Solanum spp.) under cold room storage
Authors: Lucas Michael , N'Danikou Sognigbé , Shango Abdul J. , Msuya Dastun G. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Characteristics of seeds and their interactions with storage conditions are the main determinants of seed longevity during storage. A study conducted by the World Vegetable Center -Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) genebank aimed at understanding the variability of seed metrics of six accessions and lines of African nightshade, Nduruma, Olevolosi, BG 04, and MW 25 which belongs to Solanum scabrum and MW 17 and BG 03 belonging to S. villosum stored for eight and six years. Results showed that on average accession Nduruma had the highest average weight of thousand seeds (1.06g) while MW 17 had the least weight (0.57g). BG stored for 8 years had the highest germination percentage (100%) and MW 17 stored for 8 years had the lowest germination percentage (57.5%). Based on genotype groups, released varieties had a significantly higher weight of 1000 seeds (0.90g) and lower moisture content (2.37%) compared to landraces (0.78g and 2.43% respectively). Weight of thousand seeds had a strong negative relationship with the number of seeds per gram (p < 0.001), R2 = 0.869, r = -0.932). Germination percentage of seed was positively influenced by seed weight (p = 0.112, R2 = 0.233, r = 0.482). As the weight of the seed increases, the number of seeds per gram decreased while germination percentage increased. The parameters analyzed can be used in the characterization of genotypes and species, seed germination, vigor, viability and longevity studies, seeding rate calibration, handling, and selection of seeds.
Nigerian Research Reactor-1 (NIRR-1) Core Life-time Analysis using Winfrith Improved Multigroup Scheme-Argonne National Lab (WIMS-ANL) and REactor BUrnup System-Argonne National Lab (REBUS-ANL) Computer Code
Authors: Balami Dennis Solomon 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The core of the Nigeria Research Reactor-1 has been converted from Highly Enriched Uranium (HEU) fuel to Low Enriched Uranium (LEU); nevertheless, a core lifetime analysis of the converted HEU and current LEU fuel is required. The core lifetime analysis of the NIRR-1 converted HEU and current LEU cores was carried out using the Winfrith Improved Multigroup Scheme-Argonne National Laboratory (WIMS-ANL) and Reactor BUrnup System-Argonne National Laboratory computer codes in this work (REBUS-ANL). One group cross section was generated using the WIMS-ANL. For core lifetime analysis, these group cross sections were employed in the REBUS-ANL programme. A simple reactivity rundown was performed to estimate the core lifetime for HEU and LEU cores at two power levels using the REBUS-ANL code (full and half power). The lifetime of the LEU core was predicted to be approximately 11.91 percent longer than that of the HEU core at full power and 11.81 percent at half power based on the results obtained. This is in good agreement with the value 11 percent reported in the literature, indicating that the selected LEU core can be operated for a longer period of time than the HEU core.
Schwann cells-derived Exosomes Promote Functional Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury by Promoting Angiogenesis
Authors: Huang Jiang-Hu , Fu Chun-Hui , Lin Fei-Yue 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Exosomes are small vesicles that contain various of miRNA, mRNA and proteins, existing in a various of tissues and cells, and plays an important role in cell-cell communication. Various cell-derived exosomes have shown a protective effect on spinal cord injury (SCI). This study investigates the neuroprotective effect of Schwann cells-derived exosomes (SCs-Exos) after SCI. We found that SCs-Exos could be uptake directly by brain-derived endothelial cells.3 (bEnd.3 cells), and promoted proliferation, migration and tube formation of bEnd.3 cells. Additionally, our results showed that two pro-angiogenesis molecules, integrin-β1 and integrin-α1 were highly expressed in SCs-Exos. Then, we used special siRNA technology to investigate the effect of Integrin-β1 in SCs-Exos induced angiogenesis on bEnd.3 cells. We observed that the pro-angiogenic effect of SCs-Exos on bEnd.3 cells were suppressed by inhibiting the expression of integrin-β1. In the SCI model, we found that SCs-Exos attenuated tissue damage and improved functional recovery after SCI. Using immunofluorescence staining, we observed that SCs-Exos treatment promoted angiogenesis after SCI, and integrin-β1 was required in this process. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that SCs-Exos promote angiogenesis after SCI, and this process is partly related to the regulation of the expression of integrin-β1.
Experimental study on high temperature oxidation spontaneous combustion characteristics of long flame coal in Fushun West Open-pit Mine
Authors: Zhu Wei , Li Xing , Li Yue , Zheng Zhigang , Guo Keyi , Li Kexin , Chang Xikun , Wang Mingguo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In order to study the spontaneous combustion and oxidation characteristics of coal in the Fushun West Open-pit Mine, the spontaneous combustion experiment was carried out on the basis of physical property tests. The macroscopic spontaneous combustion characteristics parameters 30-600℃ were obtained. The characteristic temperature point was determined by analyzing the growth rate of indicator gas. The results show that the water content and sulfur content of coal samples from the West Open-pit Mine are all low, and the volatile matter is as high as 42%. The specific surface area of the coal is larger, and the microstructure shows that macropores and mesopores account are more than 95%, which provides favorable conditions for coal-oxygen synthesis reaction. In the low-temperature oxidation stage, the oxygen concentration and consumption rate changed gently, and changed sharply after 200℃, and the CO and CO2 gas concentration increased exponentially. The CH4, C2H4, C2H6, and C3H8 gas concentrations have similar variation laws with temperature. It was relatively small at low temperature and increased slowly with the increase of temperature, but rapidly increased to the peak value after about 350℃. The critical temperature was 75℃, cracking temperature was 120℃, active temperature was 195℃, speedup temperature was 240℃, and ignition temperature was 315℃. The high volatile content in the coal sample lead to an earlier critical temperature, but the ignition temperature was lower than the conventional one. The thermal analysis showed that the DSC and exothermic process can be divided into four stages, and the peak exothermic heat was 4714 J/g. The free radical concentration had a linear increasing relationship with temperature, and the concentration at the active temperature increased by about 50% than which at the critical temperature. The free radical concentration at the ignition temperature was twice the critical temperature moment, and the free radical activation would further promote the coal oxygen synthesis reaction.
Tissue-growth based Synthetic Tree Generation and Perfusion Simulation
Authors: Kim Hyun Jin , Lee Inpyo , Lee Seungmin , Rundfeldt Hans C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Biological tissues receive oxygen and nutrients from blood vessels by developing an indispensable supply and demand relationship with the blood vessels. We implemented a synthetic tree generation algorithm by considering the interactions between the tissues and blood vessels. We first segment major arteries using medical image data and synthetic trees are generated originating from these segmented arteries. They grow into extensive networks of small vessels to fill the supplied tissues and satisfy the metabolic demand of them. Further, the algorithm is optimized to be executed in parallel without affecting the generated tree volumes. The generated vascular trees are used to simulate blood perfusion in the tissues by performing multiscale blood flow simulations. One-dimensional blood flow equations were used to solve for blood flow and pressure in the generated vascular trees and Darcy flow equations were solved for blood perfusion in the tissues using a porous model assumption. Both equations are coupled at terminal segments explicitly. The proposed methods were applied to idealized models with different tree resolutions and metabolic demands for validation. The methods demonstrated that realistic synthetic trees were generated with less computational expense. The methods were then applied to cerebrovascular arteries supplying a human brain and coronary arteries supplying the 1 Springer Nature 2021 L A T E X template Tissue-growth based Synthetic Tree Generation and Perfusion Simulation left and right ventricles to demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed methods. The proposed methods can be utilized to quantify tissue per-fusion and predict areas prone to ischemia in patient-specific geometries.
Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes - how captivity changes the gut microbiome composition and diversity in a social subterranean rodent
Authors: Bensch Hanna M , Tolf Conny , Waldenström Jonas , Lundin Daniel , Zöttl Markus 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: In mammals, the gut microbiome has important effects on the health of their hosts. Recent research highlights that animal populations that live in captivity often differ in microbiome diversity and composition compared to wild populations. However, the changes that may occur when animals move to captivity remain difficult to predict and factors generating such differences are poorly understood. Here we compare the gut microbiome of wild and captive Damaraland mole-rats (Fukomys damarensis) originating from a population in the southern Kalahari Desert to characterise the changes of the gut microbiome that occur within one generation in a long-lived, social rodent species. Results: We found a clear divergence in the composition of the gut microbiome of captive and wild Damaraland mole-rats. Although the dominating higher-rank taxa were the same in the two populations, captive animals had an increased ratio of relative abundance of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes compared to wild animals. Amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) within these two phyla were overrepresented among those ASVs that varied between the two populations. Captive animals had much higher ASV richness compared to wild-caught animals, explained by an increased richness within the Firmicutes. Conclusion: We found that the gut microbiome of captive hosts differs substantially from the gut microbiome composition of wild hosts. The largest differences between the two populations were found in shifts in relative abundances and diversity of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes.
Non-contrast Computed Tomography Versus Cinefluoroscopy for the Assessment of Mechanical Prosthetic Valve Leaflet Motion
Authors: Abdelghani Mohammad , Abdelfattah Mohamed , Diab Ahmed Mohamed , Elsheikh Hamada , Elabbady Mohy E. Mansour 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Evaluation of mechanical prosthetic valve function is based on echocardiography, but adequate assessment of leaflet motion is limited by acoustic shadowing. Cinefluoroscopy is a standard method to assess leaflet motion, while computed tomography (CT) has been suggested as an alternative. We sought to compare the feasibility of leaflet motion assessment by cinefluoroscopy vs. CT.Methods and results: Leaflet motion was assessed in 43 bileaflet mechanical prostheses (29 mitral and 14 aortic) by cinefluoroscopy and non-contrast CT. Assessment was considered feasible when the ‘in proﬁle’ projection (with the radiographic beam parallel to both the valve ring plane and the tilting axis of discs) could be achieved.Overall feasibility of fluoroscopic assessment was 74% (mitral, 66% vs. aortic, 93%; p=0.071), while feasibility of CT assessment was 100% (p=0.003). Among prostheses with unfeasible fluoroscopic assessment, CT suggested an extreme C-arm angulation to achieve the “in profile” projection (RAO: 76.0±5.8°, LAO: 122.7±32.5°, CRA: 51.4±16.0°, CAU: 57.0±18.2°).Among prostheses with feasible assessment by both techniques, fluoroscopy and CT yielded similar opening and closing angles (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.959 - 0.998) with lower irradiation with CT as compared with fluoroscopy (26.2[21.1-29.3] vs. 289[179-358] mGy, p<0.001). While CT scan took 8.7±0.5 seconds, fluoroscopy required 2.64±1.56 minutes to achieve and record the “in profile” projection.Conclusions: Non-contrast CT provides a higher feasibility and a quicker evaluation of mechanical prosthetic valve leaflet motion with less irradiation than fluoroscopy, suggesting that CT scan can serve as a first line tool for leaflet motion evaluation after echocardiography.
Reasons of women who undergone repeat induced abortion; in Wolaita Sodo town, Southern Ethiopia, 2021: A phenomenological qualitative study
Authors: Bantero Kibrework Bezabih , Deressa Jembere Tesfaye , Tilahun Sosina Workineh , Kitawu Leul Deribe 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Repeat induced abortion refers to a condition in which a woman has at least one previous history of induced pregnancy termination. It bound in a vicious cycle with repeat unintended or unplanned pregnancy and remains rising concern, particularly for developing countries.
Objectives
This study was aimed to explore reasons and lived experiences of women, who undergone repeat induced abortion; in Wolaita Sodo town, Southern Ethiopia.
Methods and Materials:
A phenomenological qualitative study approach was conducted from February 15-March 22, 2021 among women in Wolaita Sodo town. Twelve women between 17 and 35 years old, who had at least one previous abortion were selected using purposive sampling. In-depth interview (IDI) using semi-structured interview guide was conducted. Data were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and translated in to English and imported to ATLAS.ti8 software for coding. Code book development, peer debriefing, multiple coders and audit trials applied to maintain rigor of the data and analysis was done deductively.
Result
The study found reasons of repeat induced abortion among women at maternal, partner and family, healthcare and educational institution, community and policy level. It also looked into the effects of induced abortion from the standpoint of women. Economic issues, fears about contraceptive side effects, and a desire to limit the number of children were stated as reasons.
Conclusion
Study revealed multiple reasons for repeat induced abortion in holistic manner; and presented key emotional and physical effects of abortion and unintended pregnancy. Based on the findings, multiple interventions at individual, community and organizational levels; and strong law enforcement on criminals of rape are needed in order to avoid or minimize the reasons and negative consequences of repeat induced abortion.
Cardiac Papillary Fibroelastoma: Pulmonic Valve Involvement with Pulmonary Embolism and Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Jilani Danish , Abuzahra Mohammed , Ali Meher Binte 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Pulmonic valve papillary fibroelastomas are rarely seen tumors of the cardiac valves. In this case, a pulmonic valve mass was seen on echocardiogram, which was diagnosed as papillary fibroelastoma due to characteristic imaging findings. Complications of pulmonary embolism and pulmonary hypertension were present. Due to contraindications, the patient was managed with anticoagulation instead of surgery.
La escucha chamánica de la tierra como curación del alma
Authors: Pérez Gil Paola Andrea , Salgado Soto Sandy , Juyar Carolina , León Romero Luis Eduardo 
Published: June 2022

Ante una ciencia mal-tratada desde su interior, un ojo enajenado y confundido en su visión, un ser humano cansado y desconfiado de la misma explicación, un mundo necesitado de comprensión y cuidado, ante unos cuantos insistentes de vivir en unos tiempos y espacios fragmentados, aparece la necesidad de escuchar de nuevo a lo propio, a lo primero y fundante como fuerza de transformación. Así, las siguientes letras reconocen un camino fenomenológico y contemplativo en la gran madre, la Hytcha Guaia, la Pachamama, el primer gran útero, matriz sagrada que alimenta y nutre lo humano en toda su manifestación.
Para la psicología, saber de psyque, de alma, su tarea también está en mirarse, recuperarse y a través de un logos trascendente, integrativo, volver a la sensible y sentida escucha de lo divino como curación, por ello su afirmación a lo mágico, chamánico, potente y sagrado del conocimiento telúrico (de tierra), a la medicina que en ella habita y su sanación. La propuesta es el gran camino de andar la tierra, de sentir, escuchar y estar en conciencia de raíz, un camino de cuidado que constata en cada ritual y experiencia la fuerza espiritual de nuestro saber ancestral indígena como primera y perenne ciencia.