bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strand asymmetry influences mismatch resolution during single-strand annealing
Authors: Pokusaeva Victoria O. , Diez Aránzazu Rosado , Espinar Lorena , Pérez Albert Torelló , Filion Guillaume J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Biases of DNA repair can shape the nucleotide landscape of genomes at evolutionary timescales. The molecular mechanisms of those biases are still poorly understood because it is difficult to isolate the contributions of DNA repair from those of DNA damage.

Results
Here, we develop a genome-wide assay whereby the same DNA lesion is repaired in different genomic contexts. We insert thousands of barcoded transposons carrying a reporter of DNA mismatch repair in the genome of mouse embryonic stem cells. Upon inducing a double-strand break between tandem repeats, a mismatch is generated if the break is repaired through single-strand annealing. The resolution of the mismatch showed a 60–80% bias in favor of the strand with the longest 3′ flap. The location of the lesion in the genome and the type of mismatch had little influence on the bias. Instead, we observe a complete reversal of the bias when the longest 3′ flap is moved to the opposite strand by changing the position of the double-strand break in the reporter.

Conclusions
These results suggest that the processing of the double-strand break has a major influence on the repair of mismatches during single-strand annealing.
Within-subject effects of standardized prosthetic socket modifications on physical function and patient-reported outcomes
Authors: Anderst William , Fiedler Goeran , Onishi Kentaro , McKernan Gina , Gale Tom , Paulus Paige 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Among the challenges of living with lower limb loss is the increased risk of long-term health problems that can be either attributed directly to the amputation surgery and/or prosthetic rehabilitation or indirectly to a disability-induced sedentary lifestyle. These problems are exacerbated by poorly fit prosthetic sockets. There is a knowledge gap regarding how the socket design affects in-socket mechanics and how in-socket mechanics affect patient-reported comfort and function. The objectives of this study are (1) to gain a better understanding of how in-socket mechanics of the residual limb in transfemoral amputees are related to patient-reported comfort and function, (2) to identify clinical tests that can streamline the socket design process, and (3) to evaluate the efficacy and cost of a novel, quantitatively informed socket optimization process.

Methods
Users of transfemoral prostheses will be asked to walk on a treadmill wearing their current socket plus 8 different check sockets with designed changes in different structural measurements that are likely to induce changes in residual limb motion, skin strain, and pressure distribution within the socket. Dynamic biplane radiography and pressure sensors will be used to measure in-socket residual limb mechanics. Patient-reported outcomes will also be collected after wearing each socket. The effects of in-socket mechanics on both physical function and patient-reported outcomes (aim 1) will be assessed using a generalized linear model. Partial correlation analysis will be used to examine the association between research-grade measurements and readily available clinical measurements (aim 2). In order to compare the new quantitative design method to the standard of care, patient-reported outcomes and cost will be compared between the two methods, utilizing the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney non-parametric test (aim 3).

Discussion
Knowledge on how prosthetic socket modifications affect residual bone and skin biomechanics itself can be applied to devise future socket designs, and the methodology can be used to investigate and improve such designs, past and present. Apart from saving time and costs, this may result in better prosthetic socket fit for a large patient population, thus increasing their mobility, participation, and overall health-related quality of life.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05041998. Date of registration: Sept 13, 2021.
Single vs. double intracoronary injection of mesenchymal stromal cell after acute myocardial infarction: the study protocol from a randomized clinical trial: BOOSTER-TAHA7 trial
Authors: Attar Armin , Nouri Fatemeh , Yazdanshenas Arash , Hessami Kamran , Vosough Massoud , Abdi-Ardekani Alireza , Izadpanah Peyman , Ramzi Mani , Kojouri Javad , Pouladfar Gholamreza , Monabati Ahmad 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Meta-analysis from previous studies have shown that treatment with mesenchymal stromal cell (MCSs) may increase the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by 3.84%, and the effect is greater in those who are not aged and have developed a reduced LVEF. However, it seems that MSC transplantation does its effect through an indirect paracrine effect, and direct differentiation to the cardiomyocytes does not occur. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that this paracrine effect would be augmented if repeated doses of MSC are transplanted. This study is conducted to compare single vs. double injection of MSCs.

Methods
This is a single-blind, randomized, multicenter trial aiming to determine whether intracoronary infusion of double doses of umbilical cord-derived Wharton’s jelly MSCs (WJ-MSCs) improves LVEF more after AMI compared to single administration. Sixty patients 3 to 7 days after AMI will be enrolled. The patients should be under 65 years old and have a severe impairment in LV function (LVEF < 40%). They will be randomized to three arms receiving single or double doses of intracoronary infusion of WJ-MSCs or placebo. The primary endpoint of this study is assessment of improvement in LVEF at 6-month post intervention as compared to the baseline.

Discussion
This investigation will help to determine whether infusion of booster (second) dose of intracoronary WJ-MSCs in patients with AMI will contribute to increasing its effect on the improvement of myocardial function.

Trial registration
Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (www.IRCT.ir) IRCT20201116049408N1. Registered on November 26 2020
Sensitivity of Haemonchus contortus to anthelmintics using different in vitro screening assays: a comparative study
Authors: Munguía Beatriz , Saldaña Jenny , Nieves Magdalena , Melian María Elisa , Ferrer Manuela , Teixeira Ramiro , Porcal Williams , Manta Eduardo , Domínguez Laura 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Helminthiasis and resistance to commercial anthelmintic compounds are major causes of economic losses for livestock producers, resulting in an urgent need for new drugs and reliable in vitro screening tests capable of detecting potentially active products. Considering this, a series of novel benzimidazole derivatives (5-methylbenzimidazole 1,2-disubstituted, 5-carboxybenzimidazole, 5-methylbenzimidazole 2-one) was screened on exsheathed L3 (xL3) and on the adult stage of Haemonchus contortus (Kirby anthelmintic-susceptible McMaster isolate).

Methods
This work presents the set-up of an automated motility assay on the xL3 stage of H. contortus using an infrared tracking device (WMicrotracker One) together with a larval development test (xL3 to L4) and a motility assay on the adult stage of H. contortus. A comparative study of the sensitivity of these in vitro assays using commercial anthelmintics with different mechanisms of action was carried out, also evaluating anthelmintic activity of a series of novel benzimidazole derivatives.

Results
The automated xL3 assay had the great advantage of being able to analyze many compounds simultaneously, but it showed the limitation of having lower sensitivity, requiring higher concentrations of the commercial anthelmintics tested compared to those needed for the adult motility or development assays. Although none of the novel 1,2,5-tri-substituted benzimidazole derivatives could significantly decrease the motility of xL3s, one of them (1e) significantly affected the development of xL3s to L4, and five new compounds (1b, 1d, 1e, 2a and 2c) reduced the motility of H. contortus adult stage.

Conclusions
The analysis of the results strongly suggests that the in vitro xL3 to L4 development test, particularly for the L4 stage, could be closer to the pharmacological sensitivity of the adult stage of H. contortus (target of interest) for commercial anthelmintic selected, with different mechanisms of action, and for the series of benzimidazole derivatives assayed. Therefore, an automated motility assay on L4 using the infrared tracking device is being set up. Further studies will be conducted to evaluate the in vivo anthelmintic activity of the most active novel benzimidazole derivatives.

Graphical Abstract
Bergmann’s rule is a “just-so” story of human body size
Authors: Bogin Barry , Hermanussen Michael , Scheffler Christiane 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCarl Bergmann was an astute naturalist and physiologist. His ideas about animal size and shape were important advances in the pre-Darwinian nineteenth century. Bergmann’s rule claims that that in cold climates, large body mass increases the ratio of volume-to-surface area and provides for maximum metabolic heat retention in mammals and birds. Conversely, in warmer temperatures, smaller body mass increases surface area relative to volume and allows for greater heat loss. For humans, we now know that body size and shape are regulated more by social-economic-political-emotional (SEPE) factors as well as nutrition-infection interactions. Temperature has virtually no effect. Bergmann’s rule is a “just-so” story and should be relegated to teaching and scholarship about the history of science. That “rule” is no longer acceptable science and has nothing to tell us about physiological anthropology.
Reexamination of tsunami source models for the twentieth century earthquakes off Hokkaido and Tohoku along the eastern margin of the Sea of Japan
Authors: Murotani Satoko , Satake Kenji , Ishibe Takeo , Harada Tomoya 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLarge earthquakes around Japan occur not only in the Pacific Ocean but also in the Sea of Japan, and cause both damage from the earthquake itself and from the ensuing tsunami to the coastal areas. Recently, offshore active fault surveys were conducted in the Sea of Japan by the Integrated Research Project on Seismic and Tsunami Hazards around the Sea of Japan (JSPJ), and their fault models (length, width, strike, dip, and slip angles) have been obtained. We examined the causative faults of M7 or larger earthquakes in the Sea of Japan during the twentieth century, comprising events of 1940, 1964, 1983, and 1993, using seismic and tsunami data. The 1940 off Shakotan Peninsula earthquake (MJMA 7.5) appears to have been caused by the offshore active faults MS01, MS02, ST01, and ST02 as modeled by the JSPJ. The 1993 off the southwest coast of Hokkaido earthquake (MJMA 7.8) likely occurred on the offshore active faults OK03a, OK03b, and OK05, while the 1983 Central Sea of Japan earthquake (MJMA 7.7) probably related to MMS01, MMS04, and MGM01. For these earthquakes, the observed tsunami waveforms were basically reproduced by tsunami numerical simulation from the offshore active faults with the slip amounts obtained by the scaling relation with three stages between seismic moment and source area for inland earthquakes. However, the observed tsunami runup heights along the coast were not reproduced at certain locations, possibly because of the coarse bathymetry data used for the simulation. The 1983 west off Aomori (MJMA 7.1) and the 1964 off Oga Peninsula (MJMA 6.9) earthquakes showed multiple faults near the source area that could be used to reproduce the observed tsunami waveforms; therefore, we could not identify the causative faults. Further analysis using near-field seismic waveforms is required for their identification of their causative faults and their parameters. The scaling relation for inland earthquakes can be used to obtain the slip amounts for offshore active faults in the Sea of Japan and to estimate the coastal tsunami heights and inundation area which can be useful for disaster prevention and mitigation of future earthquakes and tsunamis.
Graphical Abstract
Fire severity and tree size affect post-fire survival of Afrotemperate forest trees
Authors: Giddey Brandon L. , Baard Johan A. , Kraaij Tineke 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Fire is recognized as an important factor in determining the distribution and composition of Southern Cape Afrotemperate Forest in South Africa, although comprehensive understanding of the resilience of these forests to fire is lacking. We investigated effects of fire severity and tree size on post-fire survival of Afrotemperate forest tree species.

Results
Fire severity was estimated from observed damage to the main stem of trees, and trees were considered to have survived if they resprouted from the main stem or had green foliage in the canopy. A total of 88 plots, 40 species, and 1 378 trees were surveyed 19–24 months post-fire. We assessed the survival response of all trees collectively and for 10 species (with sample size > 40) individually, using logistic regression. Relative to other forests of the world, the post-fire survival rate (45%) of Afrotemperate forest trees collectively was comparable to that in coniferous and tropical forests but lower than that in other temperate forests and in neighboring dune thicket. Fire severity had a significant negative effect on survival and tree size had a significant positive effect. Total variance explained by the model (for species collectively) was 40.8%, of which fire severity and tree size combined explained 13.2%, and species as random factor, 27.6%. Respective tree species showed differential survival responses—four species showed high survival (> 60%), while five species showed low survival (< 40%). Further, some species exhibited strong resprouting from the base or main stem while others rarely resprouted. The survival response and resprouting abilities of species which occur in both Afrotemperate forest and neighboring, more fire-exposed dune thicket, were generally poorer in forest. Such discrepancies imply that historical fire regimes associated with vegetation types likely drive species adaptions.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that fire severity and fire frequency (in terms of how tree size relates to fire frequency) are important for maintaining species richness and diversity within and between forest types. Varying resilience to fire among species supports previous assertions that fire affects species composition and diversity in these forests and suggests that potential changes in fire regimes due to global change will have consequences for forest conservation.
Intracranial manifestations of rhinocerebral mucormycosis: a pictorial essay
Authors: Agrawal Alka , Tripathi Prem S. , Shukla Prachi , Nigam Prakhar , Kheti Pramita 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRhinocerebral mucormycosis has emerged as a common coinfection in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients during the convalescence period. Frequent spread of disease from sinonasal mucosa to bone, neck spaces, orbit, and brain occurs along the perivascular/perineural routes or through direct invasion. Brain involvement represents severe manifestation and is often associated with poor functional outcomes and high mortality rates. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice for the intracranial assessment of disease severity in mucormycosis. Early and accurate identification of intracranial extension is imperative to improve survival rates. With this pictorial essay, we aim to familiarize the readers with the cross-sectional imaging features of intracranial complications of mucormycosis. The radiological details in this essay should serve as a broad checklist for radiologists and clinicians while dealing with this fulminant infection.
Short-term efficacy and safety of lurasidone versus placebo in antipsychotic-naïve versus previously treated adolescents with an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia
Authors: Correll Christoph U. , Tocco Michael , Hsu Jay , Goldman Robert , Pikalov Andrei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the efficacy of short-term lurasidone in antipsychotic treatment-naïve (TN) adolescents with schizophrenia versus those treated previously (TP) with antipsychotics.MethodsPatients aged 13–17 with schizophrenia, and a Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) score ≥ 70 and < 120, were randomized to 6 weeks of double-blind treatment with lurasidone (40 or 80 mg/day) or placebo. In a post-hoc, pooled-dose analysis, efficacy was evaluated for TN (criteria: never received antipsychotic treatment) versus TP at the time of the study. Treatment response criteria: ≥20% reduction in PANSS total score.ResultsAltogether, 57 TN and 269 TP patients enrolled in the 6-week DB study. Mean endpoint change in PANSS total score was significantly greater for lurasidone versus placebo in both the TN group (−25.0 vs. -14.4; p < 0.02; effect size = 0.75), and in the TP group (−17.3 vs. -10.0; p < 0.001; effect size = 0.45); and responder rates were higher for lurasidone versus placebo in both the TN group 84.6% versus 38.9%; number needed to treat [NNT] = 3 and in the TP group (60% vs. 42%; NNT = 6). Rates of treatment-emergent adverse events, and mean changes in body weight and metabolic parameters were similar for the TN and TP groups.ConclusionsIn a 6-week, placebo-controlled trial, lurasidone demonstrated significant efficacy in adolescents with schizophrenia regardless of previous antipsychotic therapy status; however, the effect size was notably larger in the TN patient group. In both the TN and TP groups, minimal effects were noted on weight, metabolic parameters, or prolactin.
The Sounds of Siam
Authors: Thomas Downing A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA series of diplomatic contacts between France and Siam was initiated in the 1660s primarily through missionary efforts and the expansion of France's global trade network. These diplomatic drives and their historical significance have been described by previous commentators in relation to Louis XIV's global ambitions and his efforts at royal image building. An aspect of these exchanges that has attracted relatively little commentary is the attention given by the participants and chroniclers to the sounds the French travelers experienced in Siam: how the sounds, musical or otherwise, that engaged their attention might have impeded or furthered diplomatic efforts. Within the context of the Louis XIV's attempts to expand France's influence in the world, the sounds and silences described by the French travelers provide additional insight about the diplomatic initiatives and how they understood, or misunderstood, Siam and its culture.Une série de contacts diplomatiques entre la France et le Siam a commencé dans les années 1660, principalement à travers des activités missionnaires et l'expansion du réseau commercial de la France. Ces efforts diplomatiques et leur importance historique ont été l'objet d’études visant à comprendre les ambitions globales de Louis XIV et ses efforts à façonner une image royale. Un aspect de ces échanges qui a été moins étudié est l'attention donnée dans les commentaires et chroniques de l’époque à l'espace sonore siamois : comment les sons—musicaux ou autres—que les voyageurs ont rencontrés auraient empêché ou bien avancé leurs efforts diplomatiques. Dans le contexte de l'influence mondiale croissante de la France sous Louis XIV, les sons et les silences décrits par les voyageurs français offrent d'importants aperçus concernant les initiatives diplomatiques et les tentatives de comprendre le Siam et sa culture.
“Zouk Is the Only Medicine We Need”
Authors: Cohen Paul 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article demonstrates how the history of Kassav, the French Caribbean music group founded in 1979, sheds light on the cultural politics of French Caribbean music and the history of “global France.” It argues that Kassav's music represents an inventive cultural and commercial response to patterns of neocolonial and capitalist exclusion in the French Caribbean, one that drew on the islands' own cultural resources to fashion a new musical form, called zouk, that has had lasting influence. Kassav owes its commercial success in part to a global music industry hungry for new musics from postcolonial peripheries and to Paris's role as a world music capital. That Kassav was seen in metropolitan France as “Caribbean” or “world” music, rather than “French,” speaks to the historical and racial fault lines that obscure the Frenchness of the French Caribbean to many in the Hexagon.Cet article analyse comment l'histoire de Kassav, le groupe musical antillais fondé en 1979, permet de mieux comprendre la politique culturelle de la musique des Antilles françaises ainsi que l'histoire « mondiale » de la France. La musique de Kassav représente une réponse culturelle et commerciale inventive à des structures d'exclusion néocoloniales et capitalistes dans les Antilles françaises, une réponse qui puisait dans les ressources culturelles propres aux îles, afin de façonner un nouveau genre de musique (le zouk) qui a exercé une influence importante. Kassav doit son succès commercial en partie à une industrie musicale mondialisée à l'affût de musiques issues des périphéries postcoloniales et au rôle de Paris comme capitale de la « musique du monde ». Que la musique de Kassav ait été perçue en France métropolitaine comme « antillaise » ou « du monde », plutôt que « française », témoigne des lignes de faille historiques et raciales qui occultent l'appartenance française des Antilles aux yeux de nombreux habitants de l'Hexagone.
Impact of Increasing Aspiration Catheter Size and Refinement of Technique: Experience of Over 1000 Strokes Treated With ADAPT
Authors: Al Kasab Sami , Almallouhi Eyad , Alawieh Ali , Chalhoub Reda , Sattur Mithun , Bass Eric , Pullmann Dominika , Porto Guilherme B , Lena Jonathan R. , Kicielinski Kimberly , Spiotta Alejandro M. 
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND:
We present longitudinal data regarding the outcomes and evolution of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) using a direct aspiration first pass technique.

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the impact of increasing aspiration catheter size.

METHODS:
This is a planned analysis of a prospective cohort study that enrolled all patients who underwent a direct aspiration first pass technique MT in a comprehensive stroke center from January 2013 to December 2020. We did exploratory analysis of the characteristics and outcomes of patients who had intracranial internal carotid artery or M1 segment of middle cerebral artery occlusion based on the aspiration catheter bore size (small [041, 054, 058, and 060 inch] vs medium [0.064 and 0.068 inch] and medium vs large [0.071, 0.072, and 0.074 inch]).

RESULTS:
During the 8-year study period, a total of 1004 patients were included. Median age was 69 years, 49% were female patients, and 60.6% were White. Symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation was observed in 47 patients (4.7%), and 366 patients (36.5%) achieved the modified Rankin scale of 0 to 2 at 90 days after the stroke. For patients with intracranial internal carotid artery or M1 occlusion, medium-bore aspiration catheters were more likely to achieve successful recanalization after first aspiration attempt (63.9% vs 51.4%, P = .015) and had a faster groin-to-reperfusion time (16 vs 20 minutes, P = .001) when compared with small-bore catheters. However, these differences were not significant when comparing medium-bore with large-bore catheters.

CONCLUSION:
Medium-bore catheters had better performance measures compared with small-bore catheters. However, large-bore catheters did not show significantly better performance results that suggest a plateau effect.