bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear parabolic stochastic evolution equations in critical spaces part II
Authors: Agresti Antonio , Veraar Mark 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper is a continuation of Part I of this project, where we developed a new local well-posedness theory for nonlinear stochastic PDEs with Gaussian noise. In the current Part II we consider blow-up criteria and regularization phenomena. As in Part I we can allow nonlinearities with polynomial growth and rough initial values from critical spaces. In the first main result we obtain several new blow-up criteria for quasi- and semilinear stochastic evolution equations. In particular, for semilinear equations we obtain a Serrin type blow-up criterium, which extends a recent result of Prüss–Simonett–Wilke (J Differ Equ 264(3):2028–2074, 2018) to the stochastic setting. Blow-up criteria can be used to prove global well-posedness for SPDEs. As in Part I, maximal regularity techniques and weights in time play a central role in the proofs. Our second contribution is a new method to bootstrap Sobolev and Hölder regularity in time and space, which does not require smoothness of the initial data. The blow-up criteria are at the basis of these new methods. Moreover, in applications the bootstrap results can be combined with our blow-up criteria, to obtain efficient ways to prove global existence. This gives new results even in classical$$L^2$$L2-settings, which we illustrate for a concrete SPDE. In future works in preparation we apply the results of the current paper to obtain global well-posedness results and regularity for several concrete SPDEs. These include stochastic Navier–Stokes equations, reaction– diffusion equations and the Allen–Cahn equation. Our setting allows to put these SPDEs into a more flexible framework, where less restrictions on the nonlinearities are needed, and we are able to treat rough initial values from critical spaces. Moreover, we will obtain higher-order regularity results.
Early childhood education and care: effects after half a century and their mechanisms
Authors: Kawarazaki Hikaru 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe effects of early childhood education and care (ECEC) have been widely researched, but most studies focus on targeted or relatively short-term programmes. This paper investigates the long-term effects of a universal ECEC programme and underlying mechanisms. By exploiting differences in expansion rates of childcare institutions across Japan from the 1960s to the 1980s, I find a positive effect of ECEC on income at up to age 50. The overall effect is driven by a significant impact among women, who were disadvantaged at that time, while there are no adverse effects on others. Mediation analysis shows that an increase in wages leads to an increase in income, which is triggered by improved educational attainment and not an increase in labour supply. The results imply that a universal childcare system has the potential to reduce income inequality.
On the rectangular knapsack problem
Authors: Bökler Fritz , Chimani Markus , Wagner Mirko H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA recent paper by Schulze et al. (Math Methods Oper Res 92(1):107–132, 2020) presented the Rectangular Knapsack Problem (Rkp) as a crucial subproblem in the study on the Cardinality-constrained Bi-objective Knapsack Problem (Cbkp). To this end, they started an investigation into its complexity and approximability. The key results are an -hardness proof for a more general scenario than Rkp, and a 4.5-approximation for Rkp, raising the question of improvements for either result. In this note we settle both questions conclusively: we show that (a) Rkp is indeed -hard in the considered setting (and even in more restricted settings), and (b) there exists both a pseudopolynomial algorithm and a fully-polynomial time approximation scheme (i.e., efficient approximability within any desired ratio $$\alpha >1$$

α
>
1

) for Rkp.
On the spot immunocapture in targeted biomarker analysis using paper-bound streptavidin as anchor for biotinylated antibodies
Authors: Johannsen Christina , haq Anam ul , Reubsaet Léon , Halvorsen Trine Grønhaug 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe modification of an easily available resource like paper to circumvent expensive or intensive sample pretreatment could be the answer to sample analysis in resource-poor regions. Therefore, a novel on-paper device combining sample collection with affinity sample pretreatment is introduced here. Universal smart affinity samplers are produced by a simple KIO4-mediated oxidation of cellulose, which functionalizes the paper. This is followed by immobilization of streptavidin. Streptavidin serves as a universal anchor for biotinylated antibodies, enabling simple preparation of tailor-made affinity samplers. The functionality of the device was tested using a model protein (human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG) and biotinylated anti-hCG antibodies for affinity capture. In a laboratory setting, the performance was demonstrated, and a 14-fold increase of target binding compared to binding without bmAb was achieved. The recovery of hCG captured with bmAb-treated samplers was determined to be 33% and comparable to previously described affinity capture approaches. Application of the smart affinity samplers to human serum containing hCG showed an R2 of 0.98 (200–1000 pg mL−1), precision of ≤ 9.1% RSD, and estimated limit of detection of 65 pg mL−1. Although further optimization and validation are necessary prior to application to real samples in clinical settings, the potential of the device for use in determination of low abundant biomarkers in complex samples has been demonstrated.
Fabrication of cell plastics composed only of unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a raw material
Authors: Nakanishi Akihito , Iritani Kohei , Tsuruta Akane , Yamamoto Naotaka , Watanabe Marina , Ozawa Nanami , Watanabe Masahiko , Zhang Kuan , Tokudome Ayaka 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Cell plastics in this study were fabricated with only unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as raw materials. The sizes of cell-major axis as structures were 8.4 ± 1.2 µm, and the aspect ratios of those were 1.2 ± 0.1, showing homogeneous particle size. After optimizing extraction condition of intracellular contents, cell plastics were fabricated with the cells as ingredient components and the intracellular contents as matrix components. Those cell plastics were observed with scanning electron microscopy, displaying the smooth surfaces of the cell plastics at a low magnification level. However, the surface, especially exposed surface, were rough at high magnification level. Tensile strength test revealed that increasing the ratio of intracellular contents in the cell plastics until 21% led enhancing mechanical properties of Young’s modulus and tensile strength; however, 25% of intracellular contents displayed decreases of those properties. As the optimal point, the cell plastic (21%), which contained 21% (w/w) of intracellular contents in cell plastics, showed 764 ± 100 MPa and 8.6 ± 5.2 MPa of Young’s modulus and tensile strength. The cell plastics showed few plastic region and soon fractured, indicating the possibility that cells and intracellular contents could be electrostatically connected. Additionally, cells were shown as a negative charge and displayed the possibility to contribute electrically cell-gathering with intracellular ionic components. Therefore, cells and intracellular contents containing ionic metabolites could be electrostatically connected for giving the mechanical strength to cell plastics. In this study, we successfully demonstrated fabricating cell plastics with only cells for the first time and also showed the high possibility of conjugating each cell with the intracellular contents.

Key points
• Cell plastics are fabricated with unicellular green algal cell directly.
• Unicellular cells required to be conjugated for the fabrication with matrix.
• Cells were conjugated with intracellular contents for cell-plastic fabrication.
On the crystal-chemistry of meyerhofferite, CaB3O3(OH)5·H2O
Authors: Gatta G. Diego , Guastella Giorgio , Capelli Silvia C. , Comboni Davide , Guastoni Alessandro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe crystal structure and crystal chemistry of meyerhofferite, ideally CaB3O3(OH)5·H2O, was investigated by a multi-methodological approach based on titrimetric determination of boron, gravimetric determination of calcium, determination of fluorine by ion selective electrode, determination of water content by heating, other minor elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, along with single-crystal synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction. The concentration of more than 50 chemical elements was measured. The combination of these techniques proves that the composition of meyerhofferite approaches the ideal one (i.e., (Ca1.012Mg0.003) (B2.984Si0.001)O3(OH)5·1.018H2O), with only a modest fraction of Mg (with MgO ≈ 0.03 wt%) replacing Ca, and with Si the only potential substituent of tetrahedral B (with SiO2 ≈ 0.02 wt%). The content of REE and other minor elements is, overall, not significant, including that of fluorine as a potential OH− substituent (i.e., < 0.01 wt%). These findings have some relevant geochemical and technical implications, here discussed. The X-ray and neutron structure model obtained in this study prove that the building units of the structure of meyerhofferite consist of: two BO2(OH)2 tetrahedra and one BO2(OH) triangle, linked by corner-sharing to form [B3O3(OH)5]2− rings, and distorted Ca-polyhedra (with CN = 8, CaO3(OH)4(OH2)), linked by edge-sharing to form infinite chains along [001]. The B3O3(OH)5 rings are connected to the Ca-polyhedra chains by corner- and edge-sharing, on two sides of the chains. These heteropolyhedral chains, made by Ca-polyhedra and B3O3(OH)5 rings, are mutually connected through hydrogen bonding only, giving rise to the tri-dimensional edifice of meyerhofferite. The neutron structure refinement showed no evidence of static or dynamic disorder pertaining to the H sites; their libration regime was found to be significantly anisotropic. At least seven of the nine oxygen sites of the structure are involved in H-bonding, as donors or as acceptors. The role played by the H-bonding scheme on the physical properties of meyerhofferite is discussed.
Franz Büchners Hypoxieforschung aus der Kriegszeit und der Nobelpreis
Authors: Malik Elisa , Baumann Timo , Fangerau Heiner , Hansson Nils 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Im Zeitraum zwischen 1901 und 1953 wurden insgesamt 5110 Personen für den Nobelpreis in der Kategorie „Physiologie oder Medizin“ nominiert. Dieser Zeitraum umspannt beide Weltkriege und berührt die Frage nach dem Umgang der Nobelkomitees mit deutschen Preiskandidaten.

Ziel der Arbeit
Anhand der Nobelpreisnominierung des deutschen Pathologen Franz Büchner soll dargestellt werden, inwieweit es für die Preisvergabe eine Rolle spielte, wenn auszuzeichnende Forschungsergebnisse teilweise in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus gewonnen worden waren. Flankiert wird dieser Artikel von einer Übersicht sämtlicher Pathologen aus Deutschland, die in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts für den Nobelpreis nominiert wurden.

Material und Methoden
Ausgewertet wurden Daten des Nominierungsarchivs in Stockholm sowie Nominierungsbriefe und Gutachten des Nobelkomitees (Nobelarchiv). Die Nominierung Franz Büchners wird als Beispiel näher beleuchtet, weil die Nominatoren ihren Vorschlag mit hier nachverfolgten Publikationen Büchners begründeten, die teils aus der NS-Zeit stammen.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion
Franz Büchner wurde 1963 von drei Müsteraner Professoren nominiert. Beide Bereiche, für die er ausgezeichnet werden sollte, betrafen seine Forschung über den Einfluss von Sauerstoffmangel auf die Funktion und Entwicklung des menschlichen Organismus. Letztlich wurden Büchners Leistungen als nicht nobelpreiswürdig eingestuft. Seine Rolle als Militärforscher während des Nationalsozialismus und das in diesem Zeitraum erworbene Wissen über Hypoxie scheinen keine negative Auswirkung auf das Nobelpreisgutachten gehabt zu haben.
Rotational abnormalities in dysplastic hips and how to predict acetabular torsion
Authors: Heimer Carsten Y. W. , Göhler Friedemann , Vosseller J. Turner , Hardt Sebastian , Perka Carsten , Bäcker Henrik C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the degree to which conventional radiography can represent the acetabular and femoral rotational alignment profile between dysplastic and borderline-dysplastic hips.

Methods
A retrospective trial was conducted including 56 borderline-dysplastic and dysplastic hips at a mean age of 28.9 years (range from 18 to 46). Inclusion criteria consisted of symptomatic patients with hip dysplasia undergoing 2-dimensional radiography as well as computed tomography. On radiography, the lateral center edge angle, acetabular hip index, hip lateralization index, acetabular index angle, and the Sharp angle were measured, and the presence of a crossover sign was noted. In computed tomography, the full rotational profile of the lower limb was measured.

Results
Significant correlations were observed in the overall analysis between the anteversion of the acetabulum and the hip lateralization index (mean 0.56, coefficient of regression (CoR) −32.35, p = 0.011) as well as the acetabular index angle with a mean of 11.50 (CoR 0.544, p = 0.018). Similar results were found in the subgroup of dysplastic hips with an acetabular index angle of 13.9 (p = 0.013, CoR 0.74). For the borderline-dysplastic group, no significant correlations between the pelvis radiography and rotational CT were seen.

Conclusion
Although the femoral and acetabular torsion cannot be predicted from x-rays, the anteversion of the acetabulum correlates with the acetabular index angle, the hip lateralization index, and eventually the beta angle in dysplastic hips. For borderline-dysplastic hips, such results did not show up, which strongly illustrates the need for computed tomography in these cases.

Key Points
• Much of the current literature focuses on rotational alignment especially with respect to the femur and tibia in healthy patients, although little is known about the acetabular, femoral, and tibial torsion in dysplastic hips.
• This is the first study showing significant correlations between the anteversion of the acetabulum and the hip lateralization index as well as the acetabular inclination angle. Also, it is the first study to provide a mechanism for estimation of the torsion of the acetabulum with plain radiography in dysplastic hips.
• In borderline-dysplastic hips, no significant correlation was found, which raises the question if a simple x-ray has enough validity to address the acetabular deformity with surgery.
Relationship between retinal fluid characteristics and vision in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: HARBOR post hoc analysis
Authors: Sadda SriniVas , Holekamp Nancy M. , Sarraf David , Ebraheem Adel , Fan Wenying , Hill Lauren , Blotner Steve , Spicer Galin , Gune Shamika 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the relationship between retinal fluid location, amount/severity, and vision with ranibizumab-treated neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Methods
In the phase 3 HARBOR trial (NCT00891735), treatment-naive patients with nAMD received ranibizumab 0.5 or 2.0 mg through month 24. This post hoc analysis included eyes with subretinal fluid (SRF) and/or intraretinal fluid (IRF) at screening, baseline, or week 1, and optical coherence tomography data at months 12 and 24 (n = 917). Outcomes were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) change from baseline and proportion of eyes with 20/40 or better vision at months 12 and 24. Eyes were stratified by the location, amount, and/or severity of fluid.

Results
At baseline, 86% and 63% of eyes had SRF and IRF, respectively. Among eyes with residual SRF, mean BCVA gains at each time point were greater in eyes with central versus noncentral SRF; location did not affect the odds of having 20/40 or better vision over 24 months. Eyes with 20/40 or better BCVA at month 12 had significantly lower SRF thickness versus eyes with worse vision; however, no difference was apparent at month 24. Vision was comparatively worse in eyes with residual IRF at months 12 and 24; location and severity did not appear to affect this outcome.

Conclusion
Residual IRF was associated with worse vision outcomes, regardless of location/severity, whereas, despite continued treatment, residual SRF was not associated with worse vision outcome at 24 months, regardless of location/thickness. These data suggest complex relationships between residual fluid, severity, and vision.
The size dependency of foraging behaviour: an empirical test performed on aquatic amphipods
Authors: Cozzoli Francesco , Shokri Milad , Boulamail Sarah , Marrocco Vanessa , Vignes Fabio , Basset Alberto 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe behavioural choices made by foragers regarding the use of resource patches have a direct influence on the energy balance of the individual. Given that several individual traits linked to the acquisition of spatially distributed resources increase with body size (e.g., energy requirements, resource ingestion rates, and movement capacity), it is reasonable to expect size dependencies in overall foraging behaviour. In this study, we tested how body size influences the number, duration, and frequency of foraging episodes in heterogeneous resource patches. To this end, we performed microcosm experiments using the aquatic amphipod Gammarus insensibilis as a model organism. An experimental maze was used to simulate a habitat characterised by resource-rich, resource-poor, and empty patches under controlled conditions. The patch use behaviour of 40 differently sized specimens foraging alone in the experimental maze was monitored via an advanced camera setup. Overall, we observed that individual body size exerted a major influence on the use of resource patches over time. Larger individuals had stronger preference for the resource-rich patches initially and visited them more frequently than smaller individuals, but for shorter periods of time. However, larger individuals subsequently decreased their use of resource-rich patches in favour of resource-poor patches, while smaller individuals continued to prefer resource-rich patches for the whole experimental time. With body size being a key organismal trait, our observations support the general understanding of foraging behaviours related to preference, patch use, and abandonment.
Automatic detection of the mental state in responses towards relaxation
Authors: Sagastibeltza Nagore , Salazar-Ramirez Asier , Martinez Raquel , Jodra Jose Luis , Muguerza Javier 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNowadays, considering society’s highly demanding lifestyles, it is important to consider the usefulness of relaxation from the perspective of both psychology and clinical practice. The response towards relaxation (RResp) is a mind-body interaction that relaxes the organism or compensates for the physiological effects caused by stress. This work aims to automatically detect the different mental states (relaxation, rest and stress) in which RResps may occur so that complete feedback about the quality of the relaxation can be given to the subject itself, the psychologist or the doctor. To this end, an experiment was conducted to induce both states of stress and relaxation in a sample of 20 university students (average age of $$25.76\pm 3.7$$

25.76
±
3.7

years old). The electrocardiographic and electrodermal activity signals collected from the participants produced a dataset with 1641 episodes or instances in which the previously mentioned mental states take place. This data was used to extract up to 50 features and train several supervised learning algorithms (rule-based, trees, probabilistic, ensemble classifiers, etc.) using and not using feature selection techniques. Besides, the authors synthesised the cardiac activity information into a single new feature and discretised it down to three levels. The experimentation revealed which features were most discriminating, reaching a classification average accuracy of up to $$94.01\pm 1.73$$

94.01
±
1.73

% with the 6 most relevant features for the own-collected dataset. Finally, being restrictive, the same solution/subspace was tested with a dataset referenced in the bibliography (WESAD) and scored an average accuracy of $$90.36\pm 1.62$$

90.36
±
1.62

%.
Partially regular weak solutions of the stationary Navier-Stokes equations in dimension 6
Authors: Wu Bian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBy using defect measures, we prove the existence of partially regular weak solutions to the stationary Navier-Stokes equations with external force $$f \in L_{\text {loc}}^q \cap L^{3/2}, q>3$$

f
∈

L

loc

q

∩

L

3
/
2

,
q
>
3

in general open subdomains of $${\mathbb {R}}^6$$

R

6

. These weak solutions satisfy certain local energy estimates and we estimate the size of their singular sets in terms of Hausdorff measures. We also prove the defect measures vanish under a smallness condition, in contrast to the nonstationary Navier-Stokes equations in $${\mathbb {R}}^4 \times [0,\infty [$$

R

4

×

[
0
,
∞
[

.
Tourismus, freizeitorientierte Migration und Wohnimmobilienmarktentwicklung
Authors: Kors Theresa , Steiner Christian , Rainer Gerhard , Zirkl Frank 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDer extreme Preisanstieg von Wohnimmobilien in intensiv touristisch geprägten ländlichen Orten verschärft sozioökonomische Disparitäten und stellt politische Entscheidungsträger*innen vor raumplanerische Herausforderungen. Anhand des Fallbeispiels der Alpendestination Garmisch-Partenkirchen zielt der Artikel zunächst darauf ab, ein besseres Verständnis über die Zusammenhänge zwischen Tourismus- und Wohnimmobilienmarktentwicklungen in touristischen Klein- und Mittelstädten zu schaffen. In einem zweiten Schritt gehen wir der Frage nach, welche Folgen diese Dynamiken für eine (sozial) nachhaltige Regionalentwicklung mit sich bringen. Die Fallstudie zeigt, dass der Zuwachs von Ferienwohnungsangeboten von privaten und institutionellen Investoren angetrieben wird. Sie nutzen die erzielbare Rendite aus einer kurzfristigen Vermietung von Ferienwohnungen, um ihre Immobilien in Zeiten von stark steigenden Bau- und Grundstückspreisen finanzieren zu können, was sich wiederum preissteigernd auf den Wohnungsmarkt auswirkt. Der Zugang zu bezahlbarem Wohnraum für Personen mit geringem Kapital erschwert sich und verschärft die Gefahr der Verdrängung von (touristischen) Arbeitskräften, deren Lohnniveau nicht mit den Preissteigerungen im Immobilienmarkt mithält.
Zeckendorf representation of multiplicative inverses modulo a Fibonacci number
Authors: Alecci Gessica , Murru Nadir , Sanna Carlo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPrempreesuk, Noppakaew, and Pongsriiam determined the Zeckendorf representation of the multiplicative inverse of 2 modulo$$F_n$$Fn, for every positive integernnot divisible by 3, where$$F_n$$Fndenotes thenth Fibonacci number. We determine the Zeckendorf representation of the multiplicative inverse ofamodulo$$F_n$$Fn, for every fixed integer$$a \ge 3$$a≥3and for all positive integersnwith$$\gcd (a, F_n) = 1$$gcd(a,Fn)=1. Our proof makes use of the so-called base-$$\varphi $$φexpansion of real numbers.