bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enzalutamide Overcomes Dihydrotestosterone-Induced Chemoresistance in Triple-
Negative Breast Cancer Cells via Apoptosis
Authors: Alsawalha Laila , Ahram Mamoun , Abdullah Mohammad S. , Dalmizrak Ozlem 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Triple-negative breast cancer is challenging to treat due to its heterogeneity and lack of therapeutic
targets. Hence, systemic chemotherapy is still the mainstay in TNBC treatment. Unfortunately, patients commonly
develop chemoresistance. Androgen signalling through its receptor is an essential player in breast cancer, where
it has been shown to confer chemoresistance to TNBC cells.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to elucidate the mechanistic effects of enzalutamide in the chemoresponse of
TNBC cells to doxorubicin through the apoptosis pathway.

Methods:
MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cells were used as model systems of TNBC. Cell viability and apoptosis
were investigated upon treatment of cells with doxorubicin in the presence of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and/or enzalutamide.
Caspase 3/7 activity and TUNEL assays were performed to assess the induction of apoptosis. The expression
of apoptosis-regulatory genes was assayed by qPCR for the detection of expression changes.

Results:
Enzalutamide decreased the viability of MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB- 453 cells and reduced DHT-induced
chemoresistance of both cell lines. It also increased the chemosensitivity towards doxorubicin in MDA-MB-231 cells.
Increasing DNA degradation and caspase 3/7 activity were concomitant with these outcomes. Moreover, enzalutamide
downregulated the expression of the anti-apoptosis genes, mcl1 and bcl2, in MDA-MB-231 cells, while increasing the
expression of the pro-apoptotic gene bid. On the other hand, DHT upregulated the expression of the anti-apoptosis
genes, mcl1 and bcl2, in both cell lines.

Conclusion:
DHT increased the expression of the anti-apoptosis genes mcl1 and bcl2 in the TNBC cells, presumably
leading to cell survival via the prevention of doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. On the other hand, enzalutamide may
sensitize the cells to doxorubicin through downregulation of the bid/bcl2/mcl1 axis that normally activates the executive
caspases, caspase 3/7. The activities of the latter enzymes were apparent in DNA degradation at the late stages of
apoptosis.
Thermal Stability and Specific Heat Estimation of Pyridinium Cation-Based Surfactant Ionic Liquids Using TGA-DSC
Authors: Gupta Gaurav R. 
Published: May 2022

Background:In recent years, the ultimate goal has been to learn how to select ionic liquids specifically for materialistic or molecular level applications of these neoteric materials. Progress has been initiated, but much more is needed to optimize the full potential of ionic liquids in every aspect of modern-day science.Methods:A number of engineering parameters need to be determined for the challenging flourishing of ionic liquids in sustainable commercial applications.Results & Discussion:In particular, the general absence of specific heat capacity (Cp) data is a substantial obstacle to the design of chemical reactors and heat transfer systems if any ionic liquid-based processes are to be developed beyond the laboratory scale. The specific heat capacities of ionic liquids and their mixtures have significant importance in chemical engineering work, accompanying the design and operation of reactors and heat-related operations required for the commercialization of ionic liquids and technologies associated with them.Conclusion:In this work, thermal profiles of the surfactant or sponge ionic liquids have been explored very aptly to measure the specific heat capacity (Cp) of the pyridinium cation- based surfactant or sponge ionic liquids.
Multi-Shift Single-Vehicle Routing Problem Under Fuzzy Uncertainty
During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nucci Francesco 
Published: May 2022

Background:
This work studies the single vehicle routing problem (VRP) with multishift and fuzzy uncertainty. In this case, a company perpetually exploits a vehicle to accomplish
demand over a scheduling period of several work shifts. In our problem, a crew performs maintenance jobs at different locations. The working team operates in different shifts with a maximum
duration but recurrently returns to the depot by the end of the shift to avoid overtime.

Methods:
The objective is to minimize the number of shifts and the completion time (makespan).
In addition, we analyze the influence of uncertainty in driving and processing times on the overtime avoidance constraint in shift duration. We develop an Artificial Immune Heuristic to determine optimal solutions considering both makespan and overtime avoidance. We implement a Pareto-based framework to evaluate the impact of uncertainty.

Results:
We present several numerical case studies to examine the problem. In particular, we analyze different case study scenarios inferred from the environmental changes in travel and processing times observed in the Apulia region (SE Italy) during the COVID-19 lockdown periods
that occurred in spring (started on March 9, 2020) and autumn (after November 6, 2020) of the
year 2020.

Conclusion:
The work program was revised as soon as the Italian COVID-19 restrictions were
implemented in the spring and autumn of 2020 due to the changing environment. Our approach
allowed for the rapid release of new robust maintenance programs. Results show significant improvements with the presented approach.
FMEA Method Using Spherical Fuzzy Sets for Risk Analysis of the Tech
Startup
Authors: Temur Gül Tekin , Yoşlı Fatma , Bolat Bersam 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
Tech startups are fast-growing businesses that target the demands of the
marketplace by developing innovative products, services, or platforms. Startups ensure socially,
economically, or environmentally more effective alternatives by using or by creating appropriate
technologies. Many factors have become prominent regarding the success and sustainability of the
product or service offered by the startup: investment, experience, and education of the team, the
leadership of the management, creativity, innovation, technological breakthroughs, surrounding
community, future perspective, target marketing strategy, location and the analysis of the market,
etc. But since 80% of startups do not survive after five years, defining the important risk factors is
crucial to develop the right strategies for successful startups. In this study, the risk factors have
been defined based on the business model, which has an important place in the success of the technology
startups, which use technology intensively. Comprehensive risk analysis on identified factors
is presented to identify effective managerial strategies for technology startups to not fail.

Methods:
Spherical Fuzzy Failure Mode and Impact Analysis (SFFMEA) was used within the
framework of a business model canvas for risk analysis for the failure of technology startup projects.
Due to the lack of recorded data for analysis, the opinions of field experts were used. While
the business model canvas guided the identification of detailed risk factors, FMEA enabled the risk
analysis of factors that cause startup projects to fail, and considering parameters related to the
probability of the relevant risk factors, their impact on the failure of the project, and the detection
level of the risk factor. Spherical Fuzzy, on the other hand, allowed the quantitative inference of
FMEA's comprehensive parameter definitions associated with the risk factors through experts.
Thus, all risk factors that may cause the failure of tech startups were ranked according to their risk
priority numbers (RPNs), with the SFFMEA analysis, which offers a comprehensive risk analysis.

Results:
The findings show that the most important causes of the tech startup’s failure are “noncompliance
with existing restrictions”, “inappropriate venture capital strategy”, and “lack of clustering
support”.

Conclusion:
These failure modes can be interpreted according to their frequency of encounter, potential
effects, and detectability, and can be considered an important finding in the development of
appropriate managerial strategies for the mitigation of the risk factors so the startups can survive in
their first five years. Also, with the proposed risk analysis methodology, a comprehensive analysis
of any startup project can be performed according to its conditions and characteristics.
Remote Analysis of Respiratory Sounds in Patients With COVID-19: Development of Fast Fourier Transform–Based Computer-Assisted Diagnostic Methods
Authors: Furman Gregory , Furman Evgeny , Charushin Artem , Eirikh Ekaterina , Malinin Sergey , Sheludko Valery , Sokolovsky Vladimir , Shtivelman David 
Published: May 2022

Background
Respiratory sounds have been recognized as a possible indicator of behavior and health. Computer analysis of these sounds can indicate characteristic sound changes caused by COVID-19 and can be used for diagnostics of this illness.

Objective
The aim of the study is to develop 2 fast, remote computer-assisted diagnostic methods for specific acoustic phenomena associated with COVID-19 based on analysis of respiratory sounds.

Methods
Fast Fourier transform (FFT) was applied for computer analysis of respiratory sound recordings produced by hospital doctors near the mouths of 14 patients with COVID-19 (aged 18-80 years) and 17 healthy volunteers (aged 5-48 years). Recordings for 30 patients and 26 healthy persons (aged 11-67 years, 34, 60%, women), who agreed to be tested at home, were made by the individuals themselves using a mobile telephone; the records were passed for analysis using WhatsApp. For hospitalized patients, the illness was diagnosed using a set of medical methods; for outpatients, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used. The sampling rate of the recordings was from 44 to 96 kHz. Unlike usual computer-assisted diagnostic methods for illnesses based on respiratory sound analysis, we proposed to test the high-frequency part of the FFT spectrum (2000-6000 Hz).

Results
Comparing the FFT spectra of the respiratory sounds of patients and volunteers, we developed 2 computer-assisted methods of COVID-19 diagnostics and determined numerical healthy-ill criteria. These criteria were independent of gender and age of the tested person.

Conclusions
The 2 proposed computer-assisted diagnostic methods, based on the analysis of the respiratory sound FFT spectra of patients and volunteers, allow one to automatically diagnose specific acoustic phenomena associated with COVID-19 with sufficiently high diagnostic values. These methods can be applied to develop noninvasive screening self-testing kits for COVID-19.
Analisis Disparitas Pendapatan dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhinya di Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Darzal Darzal 
Published: May 2022

The research aims to analyzing: 1) Typology economic growth from regency/city of Jambi Province 2) Disparity income among regency/city in Jambi Province 3) Factors which influence disparity income in Jambi Province. Klasen typology is used for typology analysis of economic growth. Williamson’s index used to calculate analysis disparity income, while for analyze factors which affect it used panel data regression. Result from this research is, for Klasen typology economic growth, there is no regency in Jambi Province, which include at first quadrant. Beside there are four regencies on Jambi province, which include at second quadrant. There is one regency include at third quadrant, while for forth quadrant there are 6 regencies. Calculation of Williamson’s index shown fluctuated result, on 2009 its 0.365, on 2010 its 0.397, on 2011 its 0.394, on 2013 0.401, and on 2013 0.397. Furthermore, based on regression analysis found that direct spending and LFPR significant effect on per capita income districts / cities in Jambi There is no significant affect on long road with GRDP per capita.
Karakteristik Suara kokok Ayam Burgo Jantan Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Safitra Muhamad Iqbal , Putranto Heri Dwi , Brata Bieng 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik suara kokok ayam Burgo di Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Pagar Dewa, Kecamatan Slebar, Kota Bengkulu. Sampel dipilih dengan purposive sampling dengan kriteria 10 ekor ayam Burgo jantan umur 6 bulan ke atas. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah handphone android, perekam suara dan Software Cool Edit-Pro. Variabel yang diamati meliputi jumlah suara kokok, durasi kokok dan frekuensi kokok. Data yang terkumpul ditabulasi dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah kokok ayam Burgo di Kota Bengkulu pada pagi hari (05.00-07.00 WIB) sebanyak 120 kali, siang hari (11.00-13.00 WIB) sebanyak 50 kali, dan pada sore hari (15.00–17.00 WIB) adalah 57 kali. Durasi kokok ayam Burgo adalah 1,51 detik pada pagi hari, 1,86 detik pada siang hari, dan 1,61 detik pada sore hari. Frekuensi kokok ayam jantan Burgo peliharaan di Kota Bengkulu adalah 19,03 kali/10 menit. Disimpulkan bahwa puncak aktivitas waktu berkokok ayam Burgo jantan di Kota Bengkulu terjadi di pagi hari (05.00–07.00 WIB) dengan rata-rata 1,51 detik dengan durasi terpanjang selama 1,86 detik dan rata-rata frekuensi 120,9 kali. Rata-rata frekuensi kokok ayam Burgo secara keseluruhan mencapai 19,03 kali/10 menit.Kata Kunci: Ayam jantan burgo, karakteristik suara kokok. Crowing Characteristic of Bengkulu’s Burgo RoosterABSTRACT. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of the crowing of the Burgo chicken in Bengkulu City. The research was conducted at Pagar Dewa Village, Slebar District, Bengkulu City. The samples selected using purposive sampling with the criteria of 10 Burgo chickens aged 6 months and over. The instruments used are android handphone, voice recorders and cool edit-pro software. The variables observed included the crowing number, crowing duration and crowing frequency. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed descriptively. The result showed that the crowing number of the Burgo roosters in Bengkulu City in the morning (05.00-07.00 a.m) was 120 times, noon (11.00 a.m-01.00 p.m) was 50 times, and in the afternoon (03.00 - 05.00 p.m) was 57 times. The crowing durations of the Burgo rooster were 1.51 seconds in the morning, 1.86 seconds in the noon and 1.61 seconds in the afternoon. The crowing frequency of domesticated Burgo rooster in Bengkulu City was 19,03 times/10 minutes. It can be concluded that the crowing peak of the Burgo rooster in Bengkulu City occurred in the morning (05.00 – 07.00 a.m) with an averge of 1, 51seconds and the longest duration was 1.86 seconds per crowing with the average frequency of 120,9 times per crowing and the total average frequency of the crowing was 19 times/10 minutes.
Nehru’s Vision of Swaraj and Socialism
Authors: Chansoria Prof. Alok 
Published: May 2022

The thought of socialism is an age old phenomenon in the human society. Its traces can be found in the writings of Greek philosophers like Plato and Aristotle. Shades of socialistic thoughts can also be discovered in the Santan Dharma scriptures, Islamic scriptures and the teachings of Jesus Christ. But it was only in the beginning of the 19th century that socialism as a political, social and economic philosophy gained momentum.
Jawaharlal Nehru believed that no country or individual could develop much without social freedom and a socialist structure of the society and the state. The idea of socialism had been a constant thought in his mind since the pre-independence days. As an economic modernist of his times, Nehru believed in the development of large-scale industries, which he thought was the only key to overcome poverty in the country. Nehru’s concept of socialism was not merely a rigid theoretical doctrine. Theories when put to practice entertain pragmatic difficulties. When Nehru got the opportunity to apply his concept of socialism as the first Prime Minister of India, he had to confront with many complications. His idea of socialism was subjected to many changes looking to the vast population of India. A strict adherence to any doctrine may prove detrimental at times, more so in a country, like, India. Nehru, therefore, envisaged a policy of mixed economy, of course socialist in nature, which would be best suitable to the needs of the country. India has both a rural and an urban economy and what is required is a harmonious blend between the two for the growth and development of the country. The construction of a series of big dams for agricultural irrigation along with the production of hydroelectricity i.e. energy for industrial purposes reflects Nehru’s idea of drawing a balance between the two major sectors of the country.
What Nehru meant by Swaraj was not merely political freedom but beside political freedom it should include social and economic justice for the Indian masses. Independence should bring not only a change of the officials but should also bring a change in the fundamentals of the life of a nation.
The year 1991 will always be remembered in India as a year which is witness to a drastic change in the Indian economy policy. This was the year when the Government of India drifted from Nehru’s policy of mixed economy and announced the new economic policy which consisted of a wide range of reforms. Thirty years have passed under this new economic system and now the time has come when we should evaluate and analyze how far this new approach has been beneficial to the country.
Today, the country is face to face with innumerable problems; problems related to inflation, unemployment, caste, class and religious activism. The country needs to address these problems in a determined way before it is too late. I understand that the time has come when we need to once again look back to Nehru’s vision of Swaraj and socialism for a pragmatic solution to these problems.
Retrospective evaluation of the efficacy of fluconazole for the treatment of coccidioidomycosis in dogs: 49 cases (2015–2020)
Authors: Carter Todd D. , Fuller Brenley D. , Shaver Stephanie L. , Foy Daniel S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To characterize the clinical course and therapeutic response in dogs with coccidioidomycosis treated with fluconazole.

ANIMALS
49 client-owned dogs with coccidioidomycosis that were treated with fluconazole and had ≥ 2 follow-up examinations.

PROCEDURES
Medical records were retrospectively searched to identify dogs in which coccidioidomycosis was diagnosed between January 2015 and May 2020. Data recorded from each dog included signalment, clinical signs, diagnostic test results, and treatment.

RESULTS
Dogs were treated with fluconazole at a median initial dosage of 19.7 mg/kg/d. Median treatment duration was 298.5 days, with 26 of the 49 dogs completing treatment during the study period. Respiratory signs, lethargy, and hyporexia were the most common clinical signs. Frequency of lethargy decreased after 30 days, whereas frequency of hyporexia and respiratory signs decreased after 90 days. Median IgG titer at diagnosis was 1:32 and was significantly decreased, compared with baseline titer, at all recheck intervals after 90 days. Hyperglobulinemia, monocytosis, and neutrophilia were the most common clinicopathologic abnormalities. Hyperglobulinemia resolved within 30 days, neutrophilia resolved within 90 days, and monocytosis resolved after 180 days.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Improvements in clinical signs, titers, and clinicopathologic abnormalities were observed after initiation of treatment with fluconazole. Improvement began as early as the first 3 months of treatment, but some variables did not resolve until after 6 to 9 months of treatment. This information provides clinical guidance and describes expectations when prescribing fluconazole to treat coccidioidomycosis in dogs.
Impact of Palliative Care on Interhospital Transfers to the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Siddiqui Safanah Tabassum , Xiao Emily , Patel Sonika , Motwani Kiran , Shah Keneil , Ning Xinyuan , Robinett Kathryn S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Community hospitals will often transfer their most complex, critically ill patients to intensive care units (ICUs) of tertiary care centers for specialized, comprehensive care. This population of patients has high rates of morbidity and mortality. Palliative care involvement in critically ill patients has been demonstrated to reduce over-utilization of resources and hospital length of stays. We hypothesized that transfers from community hospitals had low rates of palliative care involvement and high utilization of ICU resources. In this single-center retrospective cohort study, 848 patients transferred from local community hospitals to the medical ICU (MICU) and cardiac care unit (CCU) at a tertiary care center between 2016-2018 were analyzed for patient disposition, length of stay, hospitalization cost, and time to palliative care consultation. Of the 848 patients, 484 (57.1%) expired, with 117 (13.8%) having expired within 48 hours of transfer. Palliative care consult was placed for 201 (23.7%) patients. Patients with palliative care consult were statistically more likely to be referred to hospice (p<0.001). Over two-thirds of palliative care consults were placed later than 5 days after transfer. Time to palliative care consult was positively correlated with length of hospitalization among MICU patients (r=0.79) and CCU patients (r=0.90). Time to palliative consult was also positively correlated with hospitalization cost among MICU patients (r=0.75) and CCU patients (r=0.86). These results indicate early palliative care consultation in this population may result in timely goals of care discussions and optimization of resources.
دور التدوير الوظيفي في الحد من مظاهر الفساد الاداري
Authors: فائق داليا خالد , حمه‌ سعید ڤیان سلێمان , علی بارزان عمر , عثمان بێستون عبدالمجید 
Published: May 2022

هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على دور التدوير الوظيفي بأبعاده (فائدة العمل، تطوير الشخصية، المعرفة الادارية، معرفة المنظمة، المعرفة التقنية) في الحد من مظاهر الفساد الاداري في بنك كوية في قضاء كوية / محافظة اربيل/ اقليم كوردستان – العراق. و لتحقيق الهدف تم تصميم استمارةالاستبانة مكونة من (29) سؤال وزعت على عينة مكونة من (36) مفردة و قد اعيدت كلها(36) استبانة صالحة للتحليل الاحصائي. وقد توصلت البحث الى وجود علاقة ارتباط بين التدوير الوظيفي و الحد من مظاهر الفساد الاداري، ووجود اثر للتدوير الوظيفي في الحد من مظاهر الفساد الاداري. و بناء على الاستنتاجات توصلت الدراسة الى مجموعة من التوصيات اهمها ضرورة اعتماد وبناء علاقات شفافة مبنية على التعاون والمحبة والتمكين والرقابة الذاتية بين ادارة البانك المبحوث وعامليها، والتي إن اتسمت بها إدارة البانك ستساعد وتسهل من تنفيذ الأنشطة المتعلقة بالحد في مظاهر الفسادالاداري.
O desafio do diagnóstico em pacientes com Linfoma Cutâneo: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Da Rocha Helvecio Luiz Azeredo , Reis Bruno Cezario Costa 
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Analisar e revisar o padrão das escolhas dos métodos diagnóstico frente ao linfoma cutâneo. Avaliando, assim, a existência do uso prioritário de alguma prova diagnóstica. Métodos: A abordagem metodológica deste estudo propõe uma compilação bibliográfica de pesquisa qualitativa de natureza descritiva a partir de uma revisão integrada da literatura utilizando dados da National Library of Medicine , da Biblioteca Virtual de Sade e do Directory of Open Access Journals. “Lymphoma Cutaneous”, “T Cells”, “Skin Diseases” e “Diagnosis” estavam entre os termos utilizados. Foram utilizados como critérios de inclusão ensaios clínicos, randomizados ou não randomizados, estudos caso-controle, estudos de coorte e estudos de livre acesso publicados em inglês, português e espanhol entre 2012 e 2022. Resultados: É preciso analisar a apresentação clínica, a biópsia e a imuno-histoquímica para a hipótese diagnóstica. São observadas as características das lesões, a evolução e seu início para descobrir qual patologia tratar. Considerações finais: Dessa forma, observa-se que a análise clínico-histológico é a primeira escolha no diagnóstico e importante para a diferenciação adequada.