bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of exogenous NAA in Calophyllum inophyllum micro-environment seeds germination
Authors: Putri Asri Insiana , Haryjanto Liliek , Kartikawati Noor Khomsah , Nirsatmanto Arif , Sunarti Sri , Herawan Toni , Lestari Fajar , Rimbawanto Anto 
Published: November 2022

Throughout Indonesia, more than a hundred million ha of degraded forest and lands are still to be rehabilitated. High-quality tree seedlings are a key component of landscape restoration. The limited supply of quality seeds has been an obstacle so far. C. inophyllum is a tropical tree species that grow well under harsh environmental conditions. It can be used as an alternative tree species for degraded land rehabilitation. We present an efficient and reproducible protocol for improving seed quality with exogenous NAA hormones. The Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium was supplemented with NAA hormones (0 mg/l, 1 mg/l, 2 mg/l, and 3 mg/l of NAA) for observation of the influence of the exogenous NAA on seeds germination in micro-environment controlled. After seven weeks of incubation in axenic culture, the highest concentration of NAA (3 mg/l) showed the fastest average seed-breaking time of C. inophyllum (2.0 weeks), After three weeks, the roots were nearly five times longer (4.9 ± 0.1 cm) than the control (1.1± 0.1 cm), and the shoots were nearly three times longer (4.9 ± 0.1 cm) than the control (1.1± 0.1 cm). This research needs to be tested on a larger scale of cultivation.Di seluruh Indonesia, lebih dari seratus juta ha hutan dan lahan terdegradasi masih harus direhabilitasi. Bibit pohon berkualitas tinggi adalah komponen kunci dari restorasi lanskap. Terbatasnya pasokan benih berkualitas menjadi kendala selama ini. C. inophyllum adalah spesies pohon tropis yang tumbuh dengan baik di bawah kondisi lingkungan yang keras. Ini dapat digunakan sebagai jenis pohon alternatif untuk rehabilitasi lahan terdegradasi. Kami menyajikan protokol yang efisien dan dapat direproduksi untuk meningkatkan kualitas benih dengan hormon NAA eksogen. Media Murashige dan Skoog (MS) dilengkapi dengan hormon NAA (0 mg/l, 1 mg/l, 2 mg/l, dan 3 mg/l NAA) untuk pengamatan pengaruh NAA eksogen terhadap perkecambahan biji di lingkungan mikro dikendalikan. Setelah tujuh minggu inkubasi dalam kultur axenic, konsentrasi NAA tertinggi (3 mg/l) menunjukkan rata-rata waktu pemecahan benih tercepat C. inophyllum (2,0 minggu), Setelah tiga minggu, akar hampir lima kali lebih panjang (4,9 ± 0,1 cm) dari kontrol (1,1± 0,1 cm), dan tunas hampir tiga kali lebih panjang (4,9 ± 0,1 cm) dari kontrol (1,1± 0,1 cm). Penelitian ini perlu diuji pada skala budidaya yang lebih besar.
Alternation of the gut microbiota in metabolically healthy obesity: An integrated multiomics analysis
Authors: Chen Han , Tang Nana , Ye Qiang , Yu Xin , Yang Ruoyun , Cheng Hong , Zhang Guoxin , Zhou Xiaoying 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundAlthough the gut microbiota may be involved in obesity onset and progression, the exact association of the gut microbiota in metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) remains largely unknown.MethodsAn integrated paired-sample metagenomic analysis was conducted to investigate the gut microbial network and biomarkers of microbial species from the MHO and healthy non-obese subjects in the GMrepo database. Further explorations were performed in the MHO mice model using a multiomics analysis to detect changes in the composition and function of the intestinal microbiome and associated metabolites.ResultsIn the human study, 314 matched metagenomic data were qualified for the final analysis. We identified seven significantly changed species possibly involved in MHO pathogenesis (MHO-enriched: Bacteroides vulgatus, Megamonas sp; MHO-depleted: Butyrivibrio crossotus, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bacteroides cellulosilyticus; Eubacterium siraeum; Bacteroides massiliensis). In the murine study, we found 79 significantly-changed species which may have possible associations with the MHO phenotype. The depletion of Bacteroides cellulosilyticus was commonly recognized in the human and murine MHO phenotype. Consistent with the metagenomic data, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) revealed significantly changed gut metabolites, which may promote MHO pathogenesis by altering the amino acids and lipid metabolic pathways. In the microbe-metabolites interaction analysis, we identified certain fatty acids (Dodecanedioic acid, Arachidic Acid, Mevalonic acid, etc.) that were significantly correlated with the MHO-enriched or depleted species.ConclusionThis study provides insights into identifying specific microbes and metabolites that may involve in the development of obesity without metabolic disorders. Future modalities for MHO intervention may be further validated by targeting these bacteria and metabolites.
Magnetic resonance T1-mapping quantitatively assesses the severity of thyroid destruction in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis
Authors: Liu Jia , Chang Xiaona , Wang Qiu , Ding Xiaoyu , Jiang Tao , Wang Guang 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveAutoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is a common organ-specific autoimmune disease. Longitudinal relaxation time mapping (T1-mapping) analyzed by magnetic resonance imaging is a new method for evaluating inflammation or fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between thyroid T1-mapping value and degree of intrathyroidal inflammation and destruction in euthyroid AIT patients.MethodsThis case-control study recruited 28 drug-naïve AIT patients and 18 healthy controls. Thyroid specimens were collected for assessing the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors and histopathologic examination. T1-mapping values were measured using a modified look-locker inversion-recovery sequence in all participants.ResultsThe positive rate of pathological diagnosed AIT was only 83.3% in the AIT group diagnosed by positive TPOAb and/or TgAb and typical ultrasonic manifestations, while 7.1% of the control group was diagnosed as AIT by pathological manifestations. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed a very high diagnostic value of thyroid T1-mapping values for pathological diagnosed AIT (area under the curve was 0.950, 95%CI: 0.843 – 0.993, P &lt; 0.001). In the patients with pathological diagnosed AIT, thyroid T1-mapping values were significantly associated with the mRNA expression of INF-γ (r = 0.343, P &lt; 0.05), TNF-α (r = 0.352, P &lt; 0.01), and IL-1β (r = 0.673, P &lt; 0.01) in thyroid tissues. Moreover, histopathologic examination showed that thyroid T1-mapping values can properly reflect the degree of thyroid destruction in AIT patients.ConclusionsThyroid T1-mapping values had a very high diagnostic value for AIT. In euthyroid AIT patients, thyroid T1-mapping values better reflect degree of intrathyroidal inflammation and destruction.
The dose-response relationship between sex hormones and hyperuricemia in different gender: NHANES 2013-2016
Authors: Li Guo-yun , Qian Xu-dong , Ma Chun-ming , Yin Fu-zai 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesTo access the dose-response relationship between sex hormones and hyperuricemia (HUA), and to find the cut-off value in different gender.Methods9,685 participants were derived from the database of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were applied to explore the relationship between sex hormones and HUA after adjusting for confounding factors by propensity score match (PSM). Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI.ResultsThe prevalence of HUA was 15.13% in female participants and 22.30% in male participants. Logistic regression analysis showed that estradiol (E2) was independently associated with HUA for a P value of 0.003 and 0.01in female and male participants, respectively. Testosterone (T) was only independently associated with HUA in male participants (P&lt;0.001) but not in female participants (P = 0.59). RCS analysis showed a dose-response relationship between sex hormones and HUA. The risk of HUA increased as E2 lower than 29.6pg/mL in female participants and T lower than 389.1ng/dL in male participants. E2 higher than 23.6pg/ml was an independent risk factor for HUA in male participants.ConclusionA dose-response relationship was found between sex hormones and HUA. The cut-off value of E2 in male and female participants was 29.6pg/mL and 23.6pg/mL, respectively, and the cut-off value of T in male participants was 389.1ng/dL. These results provide a reference for preventing HUA and hormone supplement therapy.
“I was afraid they will be judging me and even deny me the service”: Experiences of denial and dissuasion during abortion care in Ethiopia
Authors: Bercu Chiara , Jacobson Laura E. , Gebrehanna Ewenat , Ramirez Ana Maria , Katz Anna J. , Filippa Sofía , Baum Sarah E. 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionDisrespect and abuse are components of poor quality abortion care. This analysis aimed to understand negative experiences of care from perspectives of abortion clients in public and private facilities in Ethiopia.Study DesignWe conducted 23 in-depth interviews with people who obtained abortion care in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia as well as Aksum and Mekele in Tigray State, Ethiopia. The interviews were coded using a priori and emergent codes and we conducted thematic analysis to understand negative interactions with providers from participant's perspectives.ResultsParticipants experienced denial of abortion services along their pathway to care and attempts by providers to dissuade them prior to providing an abortion. Underlying both the denial and the dissuasion were reports of disrespect and condemnation from providers. Participants described how providers doubted or forced them to justify their reasons for having an abortion, stigmatized them for seeking multiple abortions or later abortions, and ascribed misinformation about abortion safety. Despite reports of denial, dissuasion, and disrespect, abortion clients generally felt that providers had their best interest at heart and were grateful for having access to an abortion.ConclusionsParticipants in Ethiopia experienced providers as gatekeepers to legal abortion services, facing disrespect and judgment at facilities where they sought care. Interventions aimed at increasing awareness of abortion laws such that clients understand their rights and values clarification interventions for providers could help reduce barriers to accessing care and improve the quality of abortion services.
Fossilized diatoms as indirect indicators of the origin of carbon stored in intertidal flats
Authors: El-Hacen El-Hacen M. , Mens Ties , Bouma Tjeerd J. , Piersma Theunis , Leroy Suzanne A.G. , Olff Han , Sangiorgi Francesca 
Published: November 2022

Coastal systems store enormous carbon quantities in their sediment, which originates from various autochthonous and allochthonous sources. Carbon fluxes in coastal ecosystems have a strong effect on the recipient food-webs and carbon emission offsets. Yet, the relative importance of autochthonous vs. allochthonous C inputs to coastal carbon budget is still challenging to identify. Here, we combine diatoms preserved in the sediment with geochemical analyses to identify the sources of carbon stored in Africa’s largest intertidal seagrass beds at Banc d’Arguin, Mauritania. The area lies between an active ocean upwelling and the ‘Sahara-dust hotspot’ systems. The extensive seagrass beds of the area are thus expected to receive C from these neighboring systems in addition to producing C in-situ. Three sediment cores (50 cm) were collected at three intertidal sites with different hydrodynamic regimes, and analyzed for diatom composition, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and carbon isotopic signatures (δ13C). Diatom taxa are grouped into three guilds: (1) benthic (epiphyte, epipelon, and epipsammon), (2) planktonic, and (3) freshwater. Benthic diatoms are considered to be autochthonous, while typical oceanic and freshwater diatoms are considered to be allochthonous. Benthic diatoms are the most diverse and abundant group, while allochthonous freshwater (i.e., dust imported) and typical upwelling (i.e., tidal imported) taxa ranked last in both abundance and species’ richness. Structure equation modelling shows that variation in the stored carbon is best explained by the total abundance of diatoms and guild composition. We conclude that the C stored in the intertidal seagrass beds of Banc d’Arguin is predominantly autochthonous. Our method provides an effective way to identify historical carbon sources in coastal systems.
Mesoscale eddies in the southwestern tropical Atlantic
Authors: Dossa Alina N. , da Silva Alex Costa , Hernandez Fabrice , Aguedjou Habib M. A. , Chaigneau Alexis , Araujo Moacyr , Bertrand Arnaud 
Published: November 2022

The southwestern tropical Atlantic is a region of complex ocean dynamic where originates the strong western boundary current system composed of North Brazil current and North Brazil undercurrent. The region includes a variety of features including the Atoll das Rocas (AR) and Fernando de Noronha (FN) ridge that may favour mesoscale eddy dynamics. However, origin, occurrence and characteristics of mesoscale eddies were still not described in the region. Using satellite altimetry data from 1993 to 2018 off Northeast Brazil (37-25°W; 13-1°S), we reconstruct eddy trajectories and analyse the main eddy surface characteristics (e.g., size, amplitude, polarity) and their spatiotemporal variations. The study reveals two distinct dynamic regions before quantifying mesoscale eddies characteristics. Approximately 2000 mesoscale eddies crossed the region during the study period, among which 76% were generated inside the region, with amplitudes and radii ranging between 1 and 2 cm and 25 and 205 km, respectively. Eddies are preferentially formed between August and September and propagate westward. In the region around the FN Archipelago (36-26°W; 6-1°S), the formation of cyclonic eddies is likely favoured by barotropic instabilities of surface currents and the wind stress curl. On the other hand, in the south of the region (36-26°W; 12-8°S), eddies formation is likely associated with the barotropic instabilities, wind stress curl and the meandering of surface currents. Based on vertical temperature and salinity profiles from Argo floats’ data, we determined that in average, the core of cyclonic eddies is centred at ~ 130 m (140 m) in the northern (southern) region while the core of anticyclonic eddies is centred at ~90 m (125 m) in the northern (southern) region. Moreover, mesoscale eddies formed in the tropical Atlantic do not connect the eastern tropical Atlantic and northeast Brazil.
Using dissolved oxygen variance to investigate the influence of nonextreme wind events on hypoxia in Mobile Bay, a shallow stratified estuary
Authors: Liu Zhilong , Lehrter John , Dzwonkowski Brian , Lowe Lisa L. , Coogan Jeff 
Published: November 2022

Wind forcing plays an important role in determining spatial patterns of estuarine bottom water hypoxia, defined as dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration&lt; 2 mg L-1, by driving coastal circulation patterns and by intensifying mixing of the water column. However, the importance of these wind-driven mixing processes varies with space and time and are dynamically intermingled with biological processes like photosynthesis and respiration making it difficult to tease apart wind impacts on DO dynamics in estuarine systems. Using a high-resolution, three-dimensional numerical model, we studied the effect of a non-extreme southeast wind event on the DO dynamics of Mobile Bay during a hypoxic event in April-May of 2019. A new approach, called ‘vertical dissolved oxygen variance’ (VDOV) was developed to quantitatively separate all the physical and biogeochemical factors in the water column that control the development and dissipation of hypoxia events. The system-wide volume integrated values of VDOV tracked the changes in hypoxic area in the bay and the VDOV tendency term was dominated by contributions from sediment oxygen demand (DO loss via respiration) and vertical dissipation (DO gain via mixing). There was a notable inverse relationship between hypoxia area and wind speed. Further analysis of the local VDOV during a non-extreme southeast wind event showed the wind-induced vertical dissipation was the main factor in eliminating hypoxia from the bay. This enhanced dissipation accounted for both turbulent mixing from wind stress and negative straining of the vertical density gradient from wind induced circulation. The response of DO to the wind forcing prompted the development of two non-dimensional numbers, an advection-diffusion time-scale ratio and a demand-diffusion flux ratio, to better generalize the expected DO dynamics. Overall, this work showed that wind effects are critical for understanding hypoxia variability in a shallow stratified estuary.
Sustained COVID-19 community transmission and potential super spreading events at neglected afro-ecuadorian communities assessed by massive RT-qPCR and serological testing of community dwelling population
Authors: Vallejo-Janeta Alexander Paolo , Morales-Jadan Diana , Paredes-Espinosa Maria Belen , Coronel Barbara , Galvis Heberson , Bone-Guano Hugo Renato , Amador Rodriguez Belen , Gomez Abeledo Guadalupe , Freire-Paspuel Byron , Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Rivera-Olivero Ismar , Henriquez-Trujillo Aquiles Rodrigo , Lozada Tannya , Bereguiain Miguel Angel Garcia ,   the UDLA COVID-19 Team
Published: November 2022

BackgroundNeglected ethnic minorities from underserved rural populations in Latin America are highly vulnerable to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to poor health infrastructure and limited access to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) diagnosis. Esmeraldas is a mainly rural province of the Coastal Region of Ecuador characterized by a high presence of Afro-Ecuadorian population living under poverty conditions.ObjectiveWe herein present a retrospective analysis of the surveillance SARS-CoV-2 testing in community-dwelling population from Esmeraldas carried out by our university laboratory in collaboration with regional health authorities during the first week of October 2020, in a region where no public SARS-CoV-2 detection laboratory was available at that time.ResultsA total number of 1,259 people were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by Reverse Transcription quantitative Polimerasa Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR), resulting in an overall infection rate of 7.7% (97/1259, 95% CI: [6.32–9.35%]) for SARS-CoV-2, up to 12.1% in some communities. Interestingly, community-dwelling super spreaders with viral loads over 108 copies/ml represented 6.2% of the SARS-CoV-2-infected population. Furthermore, anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG serological tests were applied to the same study group, yielding an overall seroprevalence of 11.68% (95% CI: [9.98–13.62%]) but as high as 24.47% at some communities.ConclusionThese results support active COVID-19 community transmission in Esmeraldas province during the first semester of the COVID-19 pandemic as it has been shown for other rural communities in the Ecuadorian Coastal Region.
Influence of vitamin D supplementation on immune function of healthy aging people: A pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dong Honglin , Asmolovaite Viktorija , Farnaud Sebastien , Renshaw Derek 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the influence of vitamin D supplementation on immune function of healthy older adults.Materials and methodsDesigned as a randomized controlled trial, 21 participants (55–85 years) completed the study during May–November 2018 in Coventry, England. The participants were randomized into vitamin D or the control group, stratified by age, gender and body mass index. The vitamin D group (n = 12) took vitamin D3 tablets of 1,000 IU/day for 12 weeks plus vitamin D education leaflet, while the control group (n = 9) were only provided with the leaflet. At baseline, 6 and 12 weeks, plasma 25(OH)D levels and immunological and metabolic parameters including phagocytic activity of granulocytes and monocytes, tumor necrosis factor, interleukin 6, lymphocyte subsets and fasting blood glucose and lipid were measured. Dietary vitamin D intake was analyzed at baseline and week 12. Data were presented as mean ± SD. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA and independent t-test were used to analyze the data.ResultsAt baseline, 42.9% of the participants were vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D &lt; 25 nmol/L), only 10% achieved a level of 25(OH)D &gt; 50 nmol/L. Overweight/obese participants (n = 9) had significantly lower mean plasma 25(OH)D concentration (22.3 ± 8.7 nmol/L) than normal weight participants (48.1 ± 34.3 nmol/L) (P = 0.043). There was a significant increase in plasma 25(OH)D concentration in vitamin D group compared with that in control group (P = 0.002) during the intervention period. The plasma 25(OH)D concentration in vitamin D group was increased at 6 weeks (from 38.4 ± 37.0 nmol/L at baseline to 51.0 ± 38.2 nmol/L) with little change observed between 6 and 12 weeks (51.8 ± 36.4 nmol/L). The plasma creatinine concentration in vitamin D group was significantly decreased compared with the control group (P = 0.036) (79.8 ± 7.0 μmol/L at baseline vs 75.1 ± 5.4 μmol/L at week 12). No significant effect of vitamin D supplementation was determined on immunological parameters.ConclusionVitamin D deficiency is common among the aging population in the UK even during the summertime. Vitamin D supplementation at 1,000 IU/day for 12 weeks significantly increased plasma 25(OH)D concentration but showed no effect on metabolic and immunological parameters except decreased plasma creatinine.