bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chyloabdomen in critically ill patient after Hartmann’s procedure
Authors: Torres-Rey A , Soler-Bernardini H , Bolaños-Avila G 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Post-surgical chylous ascites (CA) is extremely rare in colon surgery, known as the extravasation of creamy fluid rich in triglycerides accumulating in the peritoneal cavity. The incidence of CA after colorectal surgery remains between 1 and 6.5%. A 71-year-old female presented to the Emergency Department complaining of generalized abdominal pain, weakness and anorexia for several days ago and episodes of hematochezia which started the day before admission. Biopsy from colonoscopy revealed mucinous adenocarcinoma. Rectal mass resection with Hartmann’s procedure was performed due to obstructive recto-colonic mass. Pathology report confirmed pT4aN0M0 tumor invading through the visceral peritoneum. On post-operative Day number 4, drainage output increased, changing appearance to a whitish color. The diagnosis of CA was confirmed by obtaining &gt;550 mg per dL of triglycerides. Changes to a high-protein, low-fat with medium chain fatty acids were made to her enteral diet. After 48 hours of diet adjustment, the drainage output of CA resolved.
An unusual variant of lipoma: case report
Authors: Elouarith Ihssan , Elmajoudi Salma , Habiba Kadiri , Ech-charif Soumaya , Mahdi Youssef , Khmou Mouna , El khannoussi Basma 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Osteo-lipoma is a very rare benign tumor with a good prognosis. It is composed mainly of mature fatty tissue with a bony component. The diagnosis is based on the histological study, given the clinical and radiological characters that can simulate other benign or malignant pathologies. Osteosarcoma is the main differential diagnosis. The distinction between these two neoplasms is essential as the basis of the treatment is different. We report the case of a patient with a giant ossifying lipoma independent of bone tissue located in the thigh.
Testing the third-body hypothesis in the cataclysmic variables LU Camelopardalis, QZ Serpentis, V1007 Herculis and BK Lyncis
Authors: Chavez Carlos E , Georgakarakos Nikolaos , Aviles Andres , Aceves Hector , Tovmassian Gagik , Zharikov Sergey , Perez–Leon J E , Tamayo Francisco 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Some cataclysmic variables (CVs) exhibit a very long photometric period (VLPP). We calculate the properties of a hypothetical third body, initially assumed to be on a circular–planar orbit, by matching the modelled VLPP to the observed one of four CVs studied here: LU Camelopardalis, QZ Serpentis, V1007 Herculis and BK Lyncis. The eccentric and low inclination orbits for a third body are considered using analytical results. The chosen parameters of the binary components are based on the orbital period of each CV. We also calculate the smallest corresponding semimajor axis permitted before the third body’s orbit becomes unstable. A first-order analytical post-Newtonian correction is applied, and the rate of precession of the pericentre is found, but it cannot explain any of the observed VLPP. For the first time, we also estimate the effect of secular perturbations by this hypothetical third body on the mass transfer rate of such CVs. We made sure that the observed and calculated amplitude of variability was also comparable. The mass of the third body satisfying all constraints ranges from 0.63 to 97 Jupiter masses. Our results show further evidence supporting the hypothesis of a third body in three of these CVs, but only marginally in V1007 Herculis.
Gamma-ray observation towards the young massive star cluster NGC 6618 in the M17 region
Authors: Liu Bing , Yang Rui-zhi , Chen Zhiwei 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Young massive clusters have been established as a new population of gamma-ray sources and potential cosmic ray (CR) accelerators. In this paper, we report the detection of gamma-ray emissions near the young star cluster NGC 6618, which is one of the youngest star clusters in our Galaxy. The detected gamma-ray emissions can be divided into two components. One component is point-like and reveals harder spectrum, while the other is extended and with softer spectrum. Such spectral features are significantly different from other young massive clusters and may be due to the propagation effects of CRs accelerated in NGC 6618.
TOI-2046b, TOI-1181b, and TOI-1516b, three new hot Jupiters from TESS: planets orbiting a young star, a subgiant, and a normal star
Authors: Kabáth Petr , Chaturvedi Priyanka , MacQueen Phillip J , Skarka Marek , Šubjak Ján , Esposito Massimilliano , Cochran William D , Bellomo Salvatore E , Karjalainen Raine , Guenther Eike W , Endl Michael , Csizmadia Szilárd , Karjalainen Marie , Hatzes Artie , Žák Jiří , Gandolfi Davide , Boffin Henri M J , Vines Jose I , Livingston John H , García Rafael A , Mathur Savita , González-Cuesta Lucía , Blažek Martin , Caldwell Douglas A , Colón Knicole D , Deeg Hans , Erikson Anders , Van Eylen Vincent , Fong William , Fridlund Malcolm , Fukui Akihiko , Fűrész Gábor , Goeke Robert F , Goffo Elisa , Howell Steve , Jenkins Jon M , Klagyivik Peter , Korth Judith , Latham David W , Luque Rafael , Moldovan Dan , Murgas Felipe , Narita Norio , Orell-Miquel Jaume , Palle Enric , Parviainen Hannu , Persson Carina M , Reed Phillip A , Redfield Seth , Ricker George R , Seager Sara , Serrano Luisa Maria , Shporer Avi , Smith Alexis M S , Watanabe Noriharu , Winn Joshua N ,   the KESPRINT team
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
We present the confirmation and characterization of three hot Jupiters, TOI-1181b, TOI-1516b, and TOI-2046b, discovered by the TESS space mission. The reported hot Jupiters have orbital periods between 1.4 and 2.05 d. The masses of the three planets are 1.18 ± 0.14 MJ, 3.16 ± 0.12 MJ, and 2.30 ± 0.28 MJ, for TOI-1181b, TOI-1516b, and TOI-2046b, respectively. The stellar host of TOI-1181b is a F9IV star, whereas TOI-1516b and TOI-2046b orbit F main sequence host stars. The ages of the first two systems are in the range of 2–5 Gyrs. However, TOI-2046 is among the few youngest known planetary systems hosting a hot Jupiter, with an age estimate of 100–400 Myrs. The main instruments used for the radial velocity follow-up of these three planets are located at Ondřejov, Tautenburg, and McDonald Observatory, and all three are mounted on 2–3 m aperture telescopes, demonstrating that mid-aperture telescope networks can play a substantial role in the follow-up of gas giants discovered by TESS and in the future by PLATO.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon emission model in photodissociation regions – I. Application to the 3.3, 6.2, and 11.2 μm bands
Authors: Sidhu Ameek , Tielens A G G M , Peeters Els , Cami Jan 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a charge distribution based model that computes the infrared spectrum of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules using recent measurements or quantum chemical calculations of specific PAHs. The model is applied to a sample of well-studied photodissociation regions (PDRs) with well-determined physical conditions (the radiation field strength, G0, electron density ne, and the gas temperature, Tgas). Specifically, we modelled the emission of five PAHs ranging in size from 18 to 96 carbon atoms, over a range of physical conditions characterized by the ionization parameter $\gamma = G_{0}\times T_{\rm gas}^{1/2}/n_{e}$. The anions emerge as the dominant charge carriers in low γ (&lt;2 × 102) environments, neutrals in the intermediate γ (103 – 104) environments, and cations in the high γ (&gt;105) environments. Furthermore, the PAH anions and cations exhibit similar spectral characteristics. The similarity in the cationic and anionic spectra translates into the interpretation of the 6.2/(11.0+11.2) band ratio, with high values of this ratio associated with large contributions from either cations or anions. The model’s predicted values of 6.2/(11.0+11.2) and 3.3/6.2 compared well to the observations in the PDRs NGC 7023, NGC 2023, the horsehead nebula, the Orion bar, and the diffuse interstellar medium, demonstrating that changes in the charge state can account for the variations in the observed PAH emission. We also reassess the diagnostic potential of the 6.2/(11.0+11.2) versus 3.3/(11.0+11.2) ratios and show that without any prior knowledge about γ, the 3.3/(11.0+11.2) can predict the PAH size, but the 6.2/(11.0 + 11.2) cannot predict the γ of the astrophysical environment.
MO003: Upregulation of NADH/NADPH Oxidase 4 by Angiotensin II Induces Podocyte Apoptosis
Authors: Ha Tae-Sun , Ha Dong-Soo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Oxidative stress induced by non-hemodynamic effects of angiotensin II in podocytes participates in the development of glomerular injury and proteinuria. We studied the pathophysiologic roles of oxidative stress in angiotensin II-induced podocyte apoptosis.

METHOD
Mouse podocytes were incubated in media containing various concentrations of angiotensin II at different incubation times and transfected by Nox4 or AT1R siRNAs or negative control scrambled siRNA for 24 h. The changes of podocyte oxidative stress and apoptosis were observed by confocal imaging, western blotting, real-time PCR, FACS and TUNEL assays according to the presence of angiotensin II.

RESULTS
Angiotensin II increased the generation of mitochondrial superoxide anions and reactive oxygen species levels but suppressed superoxide dismutase activity that was reversed by probucol, an antioxidant. Angiotensin II also increased NADH/NADPH oxidase 4 protein and expression in a transcriptional mechanism that was also reversed by probucol. In addition, the suppression of NADH/NADPH oxidase 4 by siRNA reduced the oxidative stress induced by angiotensin II. Furthermore, angiotensin II promoted podocyte apoptosis that was reduced significantly by probucol and NADH/NADPH oxidase 4 siRNA, and also recovered by angiotensin II type 1 receptor siRNA. In sum, angiotensin II induced podocyte oxidative stress and apoptosis through NADH/NADPH oxidase 4 and angiotensin II type 1 receptor.

CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that angiotensin II promotes podocyte mitochondrial oxidative stress, resulting in apoptosis via the upregulation of NADH/NADPH oxidase 4 and angiotensin II type 1 receptor, which could be prevented by NADH/NADPH oxidase 4 inhibition and/or antagonizing angiotensin II type 1 receptor as well as antioxidants.
MO004: Hidden Patterns of T Cell and B Cell Phenotypes seen Through Machine Learning Algorithms in End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Lioulios Georgios , Fylaktou Asimina , Xochelli Aliki , Sampani Erasmia , Tsouchnikas Ioannis , Giamalis Panagiotis , Vasileia Daikidou Dimitra , Nikolaidou Vasiliki , Papagianni Aikaterini , Theodorou Ioannis , Stangou Maria 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is essentially a chronic inflammatory state and, consequently, it engenders detrimental effects on the immune system. Due to the specific uremic environment, multiple phenotypic lymphocyte alterations are described, similar but not identical to ageing. We aimed to evaluate these changes through simple unsupervised dimensionality reduction algorithms in order to reveal unique phenotypical lymphocyte patterns in ESRD patients.

METHOD
A wide panel of senescent and exhaustion-related lymphocyte markers, including CD45RA, CCR7, CD31, CD28, CD57, and PD1 on T cells and CD27 and IgD on B cells, was assessed by flow cytometry in 30 ESRD patients and 20 healthy controls of similar age, sex and ethnicity. The resulting immunological multidimensional phenotype was projected at lower dimensions using two algorithms: principal component analysis (PCA) and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP).

RESULTS
The plane defined by the two first eigenvectors of PCA showed two clusters, patients and controls, with PCA variable loadings of non-senescent markers pointing towards the controls' centroid. Indeed, ‘naïve’ lymphocytes were reduced in ESRD patients compared with controls [CD4+CD45RA+CCR7+200(150–328) versus 426(260–585) cells/μL, respectively; P = .001] and [CD19+IgD+CD27–54(26–85) versus 130(83–262) cells/μL, respectively; P &lt; .0001]. Also, PCA projections of the multidimensional ESRD immune phenotype suggested a more senescent phenotype in haemodialysis compared with haemodiafiltration treated patients.
Finally, clustering based on UMAP projections revealed three distinct patients groups (UMAP 1–3), exhibiting gradual changes for naive, senescent and exhausted lymphocyte markers. Out of these, the UMAP 1 group was characterized by a predominance of CD8 senescent T cell subsets, in contrast, to groups UMAP 2 and 3, which showed a gradual decrease of all T cell subsets, in comparison to healthy controls. These groups were found to differ in the type of dialyzer used, with polysulfone or derivatives alone more often prescribed in UMAP 2–3 patients (13 out of 17) compared with 4 out of 13 in UMAP 1, P = .012.

CONCLUSION
Simple machine learning algorithms may help to unravel hidden lymphocyte markers and define patterns characteristic of ESRD. Moreover, significant connections of immune changes with dialysis methods and dialyzers were revealed and described.
MO005: RPTEC/TERT1 Cells Cultured in Monolayer are not Suitable for Assessing Apolipoprotein A-I uptake due to the Lack of Cubilin–Amnionless (CUBAM) Complex
Authors: Llorens Cebrià Carmen , Durán Monica , Molina Van den Bosch Mireia , Dominguez Pamela , Villena Yolanda , Cantero Recasens Gerard , José Soler Romeo Maria , Hellín Joan López , Jacobs Cachá Conxita 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTECs) are responsible for solute and protein reabsorption. It has been described that the human RPTEC/TERT1 cell line expresses several transporters, including the cubilin–amnionless–megalin complex that is responsible for the uptake of a broad range of filtered proteins. Therefore, this cell line is considered a gold standard to perform receptor-mediated protein endocytosis assays. All lipoproteins interact with megalin to be reabsorbed except for apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I), which is dependent on cubilin–amnionless (CubAm) presence. Here, we aimed to confirm whether megalin and CubAm were correctly expressed and located at the cell membrane of RPTEC/TERT1 cells to later perform ApoA-I uptake assays.

METHOD
We first tested the specificity of the antibodies against cubilin, amnionless and megalin by immunofluorescence using histological sections of healthy human kidney tissue. Afterwards, RPTEC/TERT1 cells (purchased at ATCC, passage 1) were cultured using conventional culture plates for 7 days and also in transwells for 3 weeks to induce cell polarization. In these conditions, we studied cubilin, amnionless and megalin gene expression by RT-PCR and protein expression by immunofluorescence after fixation with 4% PFA.

RESULTS
As expected, in human kidney tissue, cubilin, amnionless and megalin were located at the brush border of the proximal tubular cells confirming the specificity of the tested antibodies. Although cubilin, amnionless and megalin were present at the RNA level in RPTEC/TERT1 cells cultured in conventional culture plates, immunocytochemistry analysis revealed that only megalin was located at the cell membrane in a few cells, cubilin was not expressed and amnionless was found in the nucleus (see Figure 1). When the RPTEC/TERT1 cells were cultured in transwells, even though the cells were clearly polarized, cubilin and megalin were not expressed, and amnionless was still not found at the correct location.

CONCLUSION
RPTEC/TERT1 cell line when cultured in monolayer expresses cubilin, amnionless and megalin at the RNA level, but only megalin could be located at the cell membrane of the cells. Although further research is needed, our results suggest that this cell model is not suitable for performing ApoA-I endocytosis assays as it lacks the CubAm complex at the cell membrane in the tested conditions.
MO007: Clinical and Laboratory Profile of Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD)
Authors: Gkika Vasiliki , Louka Michaela , Kanellopoulou Konstantina , Fokas Stavros , Tigka Eirini , Tsagkatakis Mihail , Kostopoulou Myrto , Koutsogianni Anastasia , Lymperopoulos Konstantinos , Tsirpanlis George 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Recent advances in the treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) highlight the interplay between the clinical and laboratory profile of the disease. This study aims to present the baseline characteristics of patients followed in a large ADPKD cohort from a single center and explore possible associations between demographic, clinical and laboratory parameters.

METHOD
This study enrolled patients who were being followed in a specialized outpatient ADPKD clinic from December 2018 to December 2021. At enrollment, demographics, medical and family history, and laboratory data were recorded using a standardized form. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated and magnetic resonance imaging for total kidney volume (TKV) measurement was performed.

RESULTS
Three hundred (162 women and 138 men) ADPKD patients at a mean age ± SD of 40.87 ± 12.9 years were enrolled in the study. Overall, 67.3% of them were classified as chronic kidney disease, stage 1 and stage 2. The ADPKD was diagnosed at a mean age ± SD of 27.2 ± 11.65 years. Twenty-six % of 300 patients were diagnosed before the age of 20. A positive family history was present in 89.75% of patients. In this subgroup, the median age of the affected parent who reached end-stage renal disease was 55 (range 28–87) years. Hypertension was diagnosed in 88% of the patients at a mean ± SD age of 35.89 ± 11 years. Hepatic cysts were present in 78% of them, urinary tract infections, nephrolithiasis, macroscopic hematuria and pain in 44.87%, 43%, 24.71% and 54.23%, respectively. In 31% of the cases, there was a family history of intracranial bleeding. In multivariable analysis, lower eGFR was associated with older age (P &lt; 0.001), younger age at the time of ADPKD diagnosis (P &lt; 0.012) and greater values of the height-adjusted TKV (P &lt; 0.001) and body mass index (BMI, P = 0.11).

CONCLUSION
In this study, patients with ADPKD were diagnosed at a young age and hypertension developed in the majority of them early in the course of the disease. Renal function was influenced by age, height-adjusted cyst renal volume, early diagnosis of ADPKD and BMI.
MO027: Clinical efficacy of treatment with tolvaptan in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Martins Muñoz Judith , Tarragon Blanca , De Lorenzo Alberto , Espinel Laura , Teresa Naya Maria , Cubas Alfonso 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common hereditary kidney disease. The only treatment approved today to slow its progression is tolvaptan (vasopressin antagonist). However, there is no clinical efficacy parameter for follow-up during treatment.
To assess the clinical efficacy of treatment based on analytical (Fg) and radiological parameters: total kidney volume adjusted to height (TKV h).

METHOD
Retrospective observational study was undertaken of patients with ADPKD on treatment with tolvaptan after its approval in Spain in 2017.

RESULTS
Of the 182 ADPKD, 18% (n = 33) started treatment. The mean follow-up time of patients was 39.85 ± 10.04 months. Of the patients included; 60.6% (n = 20) were male, age 47.64 ± 8.64 years, a baseline glomerular filtration rate of 65.24 ± 20.14 mL/min and a height-adjusted total baseline renal volume of 1137.45 ± 667.58 mL. Baseline Mayo Clinic classification: 1C (72.7%), 1D (15.2%) and 1E (12.1%). Baseline CKD stages were as follows: 1: 15.2% (n = 5), 2:48.5% (n = 16), 3a:18.2% (n = 6), a 12.1% (n = 4) and 6.1% stage 4 (n = 2). The variation of Fg (mL/min), with respect to baseline was as follows: 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months: (−4.26 ± 5.65; −3.54 ± 4.52; −1.68 ± 5.71, −10.89 ± 21.65, −10.54 ± 12.64, −8.08 ± 7.5). Fg decreased at months 1, 3, 6, 12, 12, 24 and 36 by 72.7%, 67.7%, 44.8%, 70.8%, 70.8%, 85% and 85.7%, the latter follow-up period being reached in 14 patients of the sample studied. Despite the decrease in Fg, 100% of the patients at 36 months had a higher Fg than expected according to the Mayo Clinic Fg prediction model, in accordance with their TKV at baseline.
A mean decrease in TKVh was observed in annual control periods, the mean being as follows: −80.8 ± 290, −14.7 ± 187 and −82.8 ± 415.8 mL. In 100% of the patients with control at the third year (17 patients of the total sample), the percentage increase in TKV was lower than expected according to the Mayo Clinic model.

CONCLUSION
Although there is no efficacy parameter in the follow-up of treatment with tolvaptan in patients with ADPKD, our study shows an improvement in the expected value of both Fg and TKV; therefore, it could be considered an effective drug.
MO035: Education needs in diagnosing rare renal diseases: a clinician survey
Authors: Rohani-Montez Christy 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
There are approximately 300 inherited, congenital or acquired rare kidney diseases known. However, there is a significant delay in their diagnosis, which may result in inappropriate and potentially harmful testing or treatment due to misdiagnosis, or other adverse outcomes due to missed diagnosis.

METHOD
A 14-question online survey was developed to assess clinician knowledge, experience and educational needs in rare disease. The survey was launched on 31 March 2021 and closed on 2 August 2021.

RESULTS
A total of 927 physicians specializing in 16 different therapeutic areas participated in the survey. Of those, 60 were nephrologists from the European Union or USA. Approximately 70% of nephrologists considered rare diseases much rarer as compared with standard definitions in the European Union (5 per 10 000) or USA (&lt;200 000). Sixty-seven percent said they never or only rarely (every 6 months to 1 year) see rare disease patients. The majority, 93%, had been involved in a rare disease diagnosis; however, only 20% were mostly or very confident in making such a diagnosis. Barriers differed between US and EU neurologists, with US nephrologists reporting that knowledge of rare disease signs and symptoms, as well as access to diagnostic tests are more often a barrier compared with EU5 nephrologists (Figure 1). When asked about most effective rare disease education, case-based, text-based, and short-format education given by world renowned clinicians were most popular. A comprehensive online learning platform with current, organized education and resources was considered most valuable.

CONCLUSION
This educational research study identifies gaps in diagnosing rare diseases in nephrology practice and supports the need to develop education for nephrologists on recognizing rare kidney diseases earlier, shortening the diagnostic odyssey and enabling earlier referral and treatment.