bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilience and Diabetes Distress at 3 Months Following Diagnosis Predict A1C Trajectories in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes: An Argument for Early Intervention
Authors: Scott Samantha R , O’Donnell Maeve , Manczak Erika M , Fladeboe Kaitlyn , Ellisor Britney , Rosenberg Abby R , Malik Faisal S , Yi-Frazier Joyce P 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objective
Youth and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at risk for poor health outcomes. Understanding if psychological factors shortly following diagnosis, such as diabetes distress and resilience, predict glycated hemoglobin (A1C) trajectories may help inform both optimal timing and content of psychosocial interventions for youth with T1D.

Methods
Youth and adolescents (N = 34) with newly diagnosed T1D completed distress and resilience measures at baseline and 3 months following diagnosis. Using multilevel modeling, we predicted A1C trajectories up to 3 years following diagnosis.

Results
We found that in separate models, higher 3-month diabetes distress and lower 3-month resilience predicted larger increases in A1C years 1–3 following diagnosis.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that targeting resilience and diabetes distress within 3 months following diagnosis has implications for the yearly rate of A1C increase up to 3 years later.
The Surveillance of Subcultures: Gay Spies, Everyday Life, and Cold War Intelligence in Divided Berlin
Authors: Huneke Samuel Clowes 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Although gay espionage is a well-established Cold War trope, this article analyzes new evidence that intelligence agencies in divided Berlin actively sought to recruit gay men. They did so because they believed that gay men’s contacts in the opaque and class-crossing queer subculture made them ideally suited for the purposes of intelligence work. Using files from the archives of the East German secret police, this article sheds light on these practices through the experiences of a gay agent recruited in 1960. It analyzes his experiences in order to question the relationship between sexuality and the modern security state. In so doing, the article highlights a gap in the Foucauldian model of surveillance, revealing not only how surveillance could play a permissive, rather than a disciplinary, role in queer lives, but also how the paranoias of the security state could reinforce themselves through the surveillance of subcultures.
Reprogramming rice leaves: another layer of senescence regulation
Authors: Rogers Hilary Joan 
Published: May 2022

This article comments on:Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang D, Wang X, Lai B, Huang D, Gu L, Xie Y, Miao Y. 2022. Genome-wide H3K9 acetylation level increases with age-dependent senescence of flag leaf in rice (Oryza sativa). Journal of Experimental Botany 73,4696–4715.
The transcription factor GNC optimizes nitrogen use efficiency and growth by up-regulating the expression of nitrate uptake and assimilation genes in poplar
Authors: Shen Chao , Li Qing , An Yi , Zhou Yangyan , Zhang Yue , He Fang , Chen Lingyun , Liu Chao , Mao Wei , Wang Xiaofei , Liang Haiying , Yin Weilun , Xia Xinli 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Plants have evolved complex mechanisms to cope with the fluctuating environmental availability of nitrogen. However, potential genes modulating plant responses to nitrate are yet to be characterized. Here, a poplar GATA transcription factor gene PdGNC (GATA nitrate-inducible carbon-metabolism-involved) was found to be strongly induced by low nitrate. Overexpressing PdGNC in poplar clone 717-1B4 (P. tremula × alba) significantly improved nitrate uptake, remobilization, and assimilation with higher nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and faster growth, particularly under low nitrate conditions. Conversely, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated poplar mutant gnc exhibited decreased nitrate uptake, relocation, and assimilation, combined with lower NUE and slower growth. Assays with yeast one-hybrid, electrophoretic mobility shift, and a dual-luciferase reporter showed that PdGNC directly activated the promoters of nitrogen pathway genes PdNRT2.4b, PdNR, PdNiR, and PdGS2, leading to a significant increase in nitrate utilization in poplar. As expected, the enhanced NUE promoted growth under low nitrate availability. Taken together, our data show that PdGNC plays an important role in the regulation of NUE and growth in poplar by improving nitrate acquisition, remobilization, and assimilation, and provide a promising strategy for molecular breeding to improve productivity under nitrogen limitation in trees.
Monogalactosyl diacylglycerol synthase 3 affects phosphate utilization and acquisition in rice
Authors: Verma Lokesh , Bhadouria Jyoti , Bhunia Rupam Kumar , Singh Shweta , Panchal Poonam , Bhatia Chitra , Eastmond Peter J , Giri Jitender 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Galactolipids are essential to compensate for the loss of phospholipids by ‘membrane lipid remodelling’ in plants under phosphorus (P) deficiency conditions. Monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG) synthases catalyse the synthesis of MGDG which is further converted into digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG), later replacing phospholipids in the extraplastidial membranes. However, the roles of these enzymes are not well explored in rice. In this study, the rice MGDG synthase 3 gene (OsMGD3) was identified and functionally characterized. We showed that the plant phosphate (Pi) status and the transcription factor PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE 2 (OsPHR2) are involved in the transcriptional regulation of OsMGD3. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout and overexpression lines of OsMGD3 were generated to explore its potential role in rice adaptation to Pi deficiency. Compared with the wild type, OsMGD3 knockout lines displayed a reduced Pi acquisition and utilization while overexpression lines showed an enhancement of the same. Further, OsMGD3 showed a predominant role in roots, altering lateral root growth. Our comprehensive lipidomic analysis revealed a role of OsMGD3 in membrane lipid remodelling, in addition to a role in regulating diacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid contents that affected the expression of Pi transporters. Our study highlights the role of OsMGD3 in affecting both internal P utilization and P acquisition in rice.
Priming of Arabidopsis resistance to herbivory by insect egg deposition depends on the plant’s developmental stage
Authors: Valsamakis Georgios , Bittner Norbert , Kunze Reinhard , Hilker Monika , Lortzing Vivien 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
While traits of plant resistance to herbivory often change during ontogeny, it is unknown whether the primability of this resistance depends on the plant’s developmental stage. Resistance in non-flowering Arabidopsis thaliana against Pieris brassicae larvae is known to be primable by prior egg deposition on leaves. We investigated whether this priming effect is maintained in plants at the flowering stage. Larval performance assays revealed that flowering plants’ resistance to herbivory was not primable by egg deposition. Accordingly, transcriptomes of flowering plants showed almost no response to eggs. In contrast, egg deposition on non-flowering plants enhanced the expression of genes induced by subsequent larval feeding. Strikingly, flowering plants showed constitutively high expression levels of these genes. Larvae performed generally worse on flowering than on non-flowering plants, indicating that flowering plants constitutively resist herbivory. Furthermore, we determined the seed weight in regrown plants that had been exposed to eggs and larvae during the non-flowering or flowering stage. Non-flowering plants benefitted from egg priming with a smaller loss in seed yield. The seed yield of flowering plants was unaffected by the treatments, indicating tolerance towards the larvae. Our results show that the primability of anti-herbivore defences in Arabidopsis depends on the plant’s developmental stage.
Utilizing the Army Physical Fitness Test as a Primary Outcome in Surgical Clinical Research
Authors: Kaplan Adam J , Bozzay Joseph D , Ritchie John D , Brown Shaun R 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTFunctional data as part of clinical outcomes such as Activities of Daily Living and Quality of Life (QOL) frequently depend on surveys and are thus inherently limited by self-reporting and patient subjectivity. Specifically, the 12-Item Short Form Survey (SF-12), 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), and Carolinas Comfort Scale are validated instruments for assessing medical and surgical QOL outcomes. However, performance-based measures of disability are lacking. We propose the Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) as a novel clinical measure of function following surgical intervention. We believe that studies using the APFT as a surgical outcome can potentially provide novel, relevant insights that may guide the utilization of specific surgical interventions and that the use of APFT data in surgical research will meet contemporary ethical standards.
Reconciling cosmic ray transport theory with phenomenological models motivated by Milky-Way data
Authors: Kempski Philipp , Quataert Eliot 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Phenomenological models of cosmic ray (CR) transport in the Milky Way can reproduce a wide range of observations assuming that CRs scatter off of magnetic-field fluctuations with spectrum ∝ k−δ and δ ∼ [1.4, 1.67]. We study the extent to which such models can be reconciled with current microphysical theories of CR transport, specifically self-confinement due to the streaming instability and/or extrinsic turbulence due to a cascade of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) fast modes. We first review why it is that on their own neither theory is compatible with observations. We then highlight that CR transport is a strong function of local plasma conditions in the multiphase interstellar medium, and may be diffusive due to turbulence in some regions and streaming due to self-confinement in others. A multiphase combination of scattering mechanisms can in principle reproduce the main trends in the proton spectrum and the boron-to-carbon ratio. However, models with a combination of scattering by self-excited waves and fast-mode turbulence require significant fine-tuning due to fast-mode damping, unlike phenomenological models that assume undamped Kolmogorov turbulence. The assumption that fast modes follow a weak cascade is also not well justified theoretically, as the weak cascade is suppressed by wave steepening and weak-shock dissipation even in subsonic turbulence. These issues suggest that there may be a significant theoretical gap in our understanding of MHD turbulence. We discuss a few topics at the frontier of MHD turbulence theory that bear on this (possible) gap and that may be relevant for CR scattering.
NLTE effects on kilonova expansion opacities
Authors: Pognan Quentin , Jerkstrand Anders , Grumer Jon 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
A binary neutron star merger produces a rapidly evolving transient known as a kilonova (KN), which peaks a few days after merger. Modelling of KNe has often been approached assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) conditions in the ejecta. We present the first analysis of non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) level populations, using the spectral synthesis code sumo, and compare these to LTE values. We investigate the importance of the radiation field by conducting NLTE excitation calculations with and without radiative transfer. Level populations, in particular higher lying ones, start to show deviations from LTE several days after merger. Excitation is lower in NLTE for the majority of ions and states, and this tends to give lower expansion opacities. While the difference is small for the first few days, it grows to factors 2–10 after this. Our results are important both for demonstrating validity of LTE expansion opacities for an initial phase (less than a week), while highlighting the need for NLTE modelling during later phases. Considering also NLTE ionization, our results indicate that NLTE can give both higher or lower opacities, depending on composition and wavelength, sometimes by orders of magnitudes.
The gMOSS: the galaxy survey and galaxy populations of the large homogeneous field
Authors: Grokhovskaya A , Dodonov S N , Movsessian T A , Kotov S S 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
We present the gMOSS (Galaxies of Medium-band One-meter Schmidt telescope Survey) catalogue of ∼19 000 galaxies in 20 filters (4 broad-band SDSS and 16 medium-band filters). We observed 2.386 deg2 on the central part of the HS47.5-22 field with the 1-m Schmidt telescope of the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory. The gMOSS is a complete flux-limited sample of galaxies with a threshold magnitude of r SDSS ≤ 22.5 AB. From photometric measurements with 16 medium-band filters and u SDSS, we get spectral energy distributions for each object in the field, which are used for further analysis. Galaxy classification and photometric redshift estimation based on spectral template matching with zebra software. The obtained redshift accuracy is σNMAD &lt; 0.0043. Using the SED-fitting cigale code, we obtained the main properties of the stellar population of galaxies, such as rest-frame (u − r)res colour, stellar mass, extinction, and mass-weighted age with a precision of 0.16 ± 0.07 mag, 0.14 ± 0.04 dex, 0.27 ± 0.1 mag, and 0.08 ± 0.04 dex, respectively. Using a dust-corrected colour–mass diagram, we divided the full sample into populations of red and blue galaxies and considered the dependencies between stellar mass and age. Throughout cosmic time, red sequence galaxies remain older and more massive than blue cloud galaxies. The star formation history of a complete subsample of galaxies selected in the redshift range 0.05 ≤ z ≤ 0.015 with &lt;$\mathrm{log} M \mathrm{\gt }_\mathrm{[M_\odot ]}$&gt;8.3 shows an increase in the SFRD up to z ∼ 3, under the results obtained in earlier studies.
Mass loss of massive helium star supernova progenitors shortly before explosion constrained by supernova radio properties
Authors: Moriya Takashi J , Yoon Sung-Chul 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Mass loss of massive helium stars is not well understood even though it plays an essential role in determining their remnant neutron-star or black hole masses as well as ejecta mass of Type Ibc supernovae. Radio emission from Type Ibc supernovae is strongly affected by circumstellar matter properties formed by mass loss of their massive helium star progenitors. In this study, we estimate the rise time and peak luminosity distributions of Type Ibc supernovae in radio based on a few massive helium star mass-loss prescriptions and compare them with the observed distribution to constrain the uncertain massive helium star mass-loss rates. We find that massive helium stars in the luminosity range expected for ordinary Type Ibc supernova progenitors (4.6 ≲ log L/L⊙ ≲ 5.2) should generally have large mass-loss rates (≳ 10−6 M⊙ yr−1) in order to account for the observed rise time and peak luminosity distribution. Therefore, mass-loss prescriptions that predict significantly low mass-loss rates for helium stars in this luminosity range is inconsistent with the supernova radio observations. It is also possible that massive helium stars shortly before their explosion generally undergo mass-loss enhancement in a different way from the standard radiation-driven wind mechanism.
OmicsNet 2.0: a web-based platform for multi-omics integration and network visual analytics
Authors: Zhou Guangyan , Pang Zhiqiang , Lu Yao , Ewald Jessica , Xia Jianguo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Researchers are increasingly seeking to interpret molecular data within a multi-omics context to gain a more comprehensive picture of their study system. OmicsNet (www.omicsnet.ca) is a web-based tool developed to allow users to easily build, visualize, and analyze multi-omics networks to study rich relationships among lists of ‘omics features of interest. Three major improvements have been introduced in OmicsNet 2.0, which include: (i) enhanced network visual analytics with eleven 2D graph layout options and a novel 3D module layout; (ii) support for three new ‘omics types: single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) list from genetic variation studies; taxon list from microbiome profiling studies, as well as liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) peaks from untargeted metabolomics; and (iii) measures to improve research reproducibility by coupling R command history with the release of the companion OmicsNetR package, and generation of persistent links to share interactive network views. We performed a case study using the multi-omics data obtained from a recent large-scale investigation on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and demonstrated that OmicsNet was able to quickly create meaningful multi-omics context to facilitate hypothesis generation and mechanistic insights.
WebCSEA: web-based cell-type-specific enrichment analysis of genes
Authors: Dai Yulin , Hu Ruifeng , Liu Andi , Cho Kyung Serk , Manuel Astrid Marilyn , Li Xiaoyang , Dong Xianjun , Jia Peilin , Zhao Zhongming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Human complex traits and common diseases show tissue- and cell-type- specificity. Recently, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has successfully depicted cellular heterogeneity in human tissue, providing an unprecedented opportunity to understand the context-specific expression of complex trait-associated genes in human tissue-cell types (TCs). Here, we present the first web-based application to quickly assess the cell-type-specificity of genes, named Web-based Cell-type Specific Enrichment Analysis of Genes (WebCSEA, available at https://bioinfo.uth.edu/webcsea/). Specifically, we curated a total of 111 scRNA-seq panels of human tissues and 1,355 TCs from 61 different general tissues across 11 human organ systems. We adapted our previous decoding tissue-specificity (deTS) algorithm to measure the enrichment for each tissue-cell type (TC). To overcome the potential bias from the number of signature genes between different TCs, we further developed a permutation-based method that accurately estimates the TC-specificity of a given inquiry gene list. WebCSEA also provides an interactive heatmap that displays the cell-type specificity across 1355 human TCs, and other interactive and static visualizations of cell-type specificity by human organ system, developmental stage, and top-ranked tissues and cell types. In short, WebCSEA is a one-click application that provides a comprehensive exploration of the TC-specificity of genes among human major TC map.
MO001: Hydroelectrolytic Disorders During and Beyond the Month of Ramadan
Authors: Dammak Najla , Riguen Mouna , Fendri Baya , Agrebi Ikram , Toumi Salma , Chaker Hanene , Yaich Soumaya , Khawla Kammoun , Ben Hmida Mohamed 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Fasting during Ramadan is religiously obligatory for Muslims, who account for 1.8 billion of the world's population (24%). The lifestyle habits of Muslims significantly change during Ramadan. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence of hospital admissions for electrolyte disturbances comparatively during Ramadan and the month before and to review the risk factors in a Tunisian population specimen.

METHOD
We carried out a retrospective study on the hospitalizations for hydroelectrolytic troubles in the nephrology department during Ramadan, i.e. April 2021 (group 1) and one a month earlier, i.e. March 2021 (group 2).

RESULTS
We have collected 14 patients for group 1 and 9 patients for group 2. The incidence of hospitalizations due to electrolytic disorders amounted to 46.6% for group 1 versus 20.9% for group 2. During Ramadan, the most frequently occurring ionic disorders were hyperkalemia in 71.4% (n = 10), hyponatremia in 21.4% of cases (n = 3) and hypernatremia in 7.1% of cases (n = 1). As compared with group 2, the ionic abnormalities encountered outside the month of youth were hyperkalemia in 66.6% of cases (n = 6), hyponatremia associated with hyperkalemia in 22.2% of cases (n = 2) and hypokalemia in 11.1% of cases (n = 1).
All cases of hyponatremia were of depletion in group 1, hyperkalemia was due to dietary error with chronic renal failure, and hypernatremia was secondary to hydrosodic wasting.
By reviewing the factors predisposing to develop hydrolytic disorders, we find a higher frequency in group 1 of hypertensive patients (78.5%), chronic kidney failure (35.7%), heart failure and diabetes (28% each) compared with group 2, six patients had hypertension (66.6%), three chronic kidney failure patients (33.3%), one diabetic patient (1.1%) and no patient had heart failure.

CONCLUSION
At the end of this study, we note that despite the occurrence of the month of Ramadan in spring and the tempered weather, the incidence of ion disorders remains high in a population at risk. Therefore, a strategy of nutritional and behavioral education during the Ramadan month is recommended, with the necessity of a close biological follow-up. This educational therapy must be individualized and specific for each individual patient, and adaptations of the medication are most required to avoid the development of ion disorders.
MO010: Parameters Associated with Progression, Prognosis and Tolvaptan Indication in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD)
Authors: Gkika Vasiliki , Louka Michaela , Fokas Stavros , Tigka Eirini , Drakopoulos Angelos , Markou Niki , Doumani Georgia , Kostopoulou Myrto , Tsagkatakis Mihail , Tsirpanlis George 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
The identification of possible risk factors for the progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is an emerging field, especially after the introduction of tolvaptan as the first disease-specific treatment. The present study aims to explore the associations between epidemiological, clinical and imaging data in a large cohort of ADPKD patients.

METHOD
This study was from a single outpatient clinic, following patients with ADPKD. Patients were included in the study if they had recently undergone a magnetic resonance imaging for the measurement of total kidney volume (TKV). For all patients, the Mayo Clinic Imagining Category (MCIC) and the prediction of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (future estimated-glomerular filtration rate [e-GFR] &lt;10 mL/min) based on the Mayo Clinic formula were calculated. Patients eligible for tolvaptan treatment (MCIC 1C, 1D, 1E, age &lt;55 years old and e-GFR ≥25 mL/min) were identified. Characteristics including individual medical history, clinical and laboratory data were examined for possible associations with renal and imaging parameters using multinomial logistic regression and linear regression models.

RESULTS
A total of 250 patients were included. Based on measurements of height-adjusted TKV (ht-TKV) and age, 8.4% of the patients were classified as 1A, 19.6% as 1B, 34% as 1C, 24.8% as 1D and 13.2% as 1E, MCIC. In multivariable analysis, patient's age (P &lt; 0.001), male sex (P &lt; 0.001), parent's age at ESRD (adjusted for patient age) (P &lt; 0.001) and hypertension (P = 0.009) were associated with log (ht-TKV). Parent's age at ESRD differed significantly between the MCICs of the offspring (mean±SD), 65.63 (12.13) in 1A, 61.9 (11.3) in 1B, 55.6 (9.6) in 1C, 51.64 (9.2) in 1D and 49.7 (8.3) in 1E, (P &lt; 0.001). Similarly, there were significant differences in the presence and age of hypertension onset (P =0.0005 and P = 0.0004, respectively). In 157 patients (74 females and 83 males) who were eligible for tolvaptan treatment, the age at ADPKD diagnosis, the age at hypertension onset and the parent's age at ESRD were significantly lower (P &lt; 0.001 for all) when compared to noneligible patients. Finally, factors associated with the prediction score of ESRD were hypertension, uric acid and the age at ESRD of the affected parent (P = 0.038, 0.014 and 0.010, respectively).

CONCLUSION
As a heritability estimator, the age at which an affected parent had reached ESRD was significantly associated with a worse phenotype, prognosis and tolvaptan indication. Hypertension was associated with poor prognosis and an aggravated phenotype, whereas age at diagnosis of the disease and hypertension onset were associated with tolvaptan indication in ADPKD.