bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community-based assessment of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in a tribal population of Tharus in Bihar, India
Authors: Kumar Dhananjay , Kumari Rakhi , Anwar Khalid , Singh Rashmi 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The problems of cardiovascular diseases are on the rise and the tribal population are also not an exception to it. The present study aims to estimate the prevalence of risk factors of cardiovascular diseases and to find association of hypertension and diabetes with various risk factors among the Tharu tribe of Bihar, India.

Methodology:
The present study was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted on 252 individuals of 20–60 years age group. Risk factors related to cardiovascular diseases were assessed.

Results:
Among 252 participants, the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes was 32.5% and 4.8%, respectively. Around 30% of study participants were smokers, 39% were habitual of chewing tobacco, and about half of the population were not involved in active physical activities (49.2%). Raised blood glucose level was significantly associated with gender, age, smoking status, and tobacco chewing while hypertension was significantly associated with age, smoking status, and body mass index.

Conclusions:
Increased number of various risk factors among the tribal population makes them vulnerable to cardiovascular diseases and other complications.
Community practices in COVID-19 outbreak in rural Ballabgarh, Haryana – A mixed methods study
Authors: Salve Harshal Ramesh , Jaiswal Abhishek , Kumar Rakesh , Kant Shashi 
Published: September 2022

Background:
More than 43 million cases and 5.2 lakhs death have occurred due to COVID-19 in India. Approximately 1 lakh people (cumulative) have been infected by COVID-19 in Faridabad district alone as of 4 April 2022. To understand the effects of COVID-19 on community practices this study was conducted.

Methods:
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Intensive Field Practice Area of Comprehensive Rural health Services Project (CRHSP), Ballabgarh, Haryana. Five hundred participants (≥18 years) were selected by using simple random sampling from Health Management Information System (HMIS) maintained at Centre for Community Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi. Participants were informed regarding study and consent was taken. A semi-structured interview schedule was administered.

Results:
Study participants included 500 adults (52.2% Male). Mean age (S.D.) of participants were 39.1 (14.9) years. Almost all participants started practicing hand sanitisation (496, 99.2%), avoiding crowd (488, 97.6%), and covering face with cloth/handkerchief (459, 91.8%). More than 80% (428, 85.6%) started using mask, and following cough etiquettes (405, 81.0%). More than three-fourth (389, 77.8%) participants were very unsatisfied with lockdown. Majority faced financial difficulties (322, 64.4%), followed by difficulty in their entertainment/recreational activity (158, 31.6%), difficulty in acquiring ration/food items (87, 17.4%) and mental stress (46, 9.2%) during lockdown.

Conclusions:
Rural community of Ballabgarh showed positive practices with respect to prevention of COVID-19. Financial distress and job loss due to lockdown were widely reported from the rural community. Majority of the community was displeased with lockdown as intervention for COVID-19.
Evaluation of chest CT-scan appearances of COVID-19 according to RSNA classification system
Authors: Arian Arvin , Gity Masoumeh , Kolahi Shahriar , Khani Sina , Ahmadi Mehran Arab , Salehi Mohammadreza , Delazar Sina 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The Radiologic Society of North America (RSNA) divides patients into four sections: negative, atypical, indeterminate, and typical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia based on their computed tomography (CT) scan findings. Herein, we evaluate the frequency of the chest CT-scan appearances of COVID-19 according to each RSNA categorical group.

Methods:
A total of 90 patients with real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled in this study and differences in age, sex, cardiac characteristics, and imaging features of lung parenchyma were evaluated in different categories of RSNA classification.

Results:
According to the RSNA classification 87.8, 5.56, 4.44, and 2.22% of the patients were assigned as typical, indeterminate, atypical, and negative, respectively. The proportion of “atypical” patients was higher in the patients who had mediastinal lymphadenopathy and pleural effusion. Moreover, ground-glass opacity (GGO) and consolidation were more pronounced in the lower lobes and left lung compared to the upper lobes and right lung, respectively. While small nodules were mostly seen in the atypical group, small GGO was associated with the typical group, especially when it is present in the right lung and indeterminate group.

Conclusion:
Regardless of its location, non-round GGO is the most prevalent finding in the typical group of the RSNA classification systems. Mediastinal lymphadenopathy, pleural effusion, and small nodules are mostly observed in the atypical group and small GGO in the right lung is mostly seen in the typical group.
Vaccine Hesitancy and Risk Perception among Health-Care Workers in a Tertiary Hospital in North-East India
Authors: Rajkumari Bishwalata , Keisam Avinash , Devi Ningthoukhongjam Shugeta , Devi Samurailatpam Priyanka , Wahengbam Regina , Haokip Mangvung Mangboi 
Published: September 2022

Context:
Vaccine hesitancy is an important threat to public health and a major setback for achieving herd immunity especially during the COVID 19 pandemic. Health-care workers are a major reckoning force in making the vaccines acceptable to the general population and the question is why there is vaccine hesitancy among them.

Aims:
The study plans to determine the reasons of vaccine hesitancy among health-care workers and to assess the association between their risk perception and variables of interest.

Settings and Design:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among doctors, nurses and other support staff in a tertiary hospital in North-East India, who were hesitant to take the vaccine when it was their turn.

Methods and Material:
Using convenience sampling method, data collection was done using a pre-tested interview schedule after obtaining informed verbal consent. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional ethics committee. Statistical analysis used: Descriptive statistics like Mean, SD and percentages were used. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used for association.

Results:
There were 160 participants out of which 30 (18.8%) had low risk perception of COVID-19 infection. Three (1.87 %) of the respondents said they were never going to be vaccinated against the disease and 59 (36.87%) said they may get the vaccine maybe at a later date. While 56 (35%) of the individuals were scared of common AEFI's like fever, chills and rigor; 21 (13.12%) were scared of unknown side effects. Fifteen percent of the respondents had trust issues with the vaccines.

Conclusions:
Though majority of the respondents had high-risk perception of COVID-19 infection, but almost one-sixth had trust issues with the vaccine. Trust building for the vaccine and information, education, and communication must be in the forefront for making the vaccination drive a success.
Contribuții la îmbunătățirea modului de calcul al creșterii indicatoare în contextul schimbărilor climatice – studiu de caz, Ocolul Silvic Bașotă, jud. Botoșani
Authors: Ceornea Ciprian , Mititelu Cristian , Drăgoi Marian 
Published: September 2022

Modelul lanțurilor Markov a fost aplicat în cazul unei păduri de 340 ha, a cărei posibilitate anuală este de 896 m3. Întrucât pe parcursul a cinci ani s-au recoltat 2843 m3 de produse accidentale, s-a testat utilizarea lanțurilor Markov la corectarea creșterii indicatoare, presupunând că la următoarea reamenajare creșterea indicatoare ar putea fi calculată cu ajutorul unui model structural îmbunătățit, ce ține cont de cuantumul produselor accidentale recoltate pe durata unei clase de vârste. Având o distribuție pe clase de vârstă a produselor accidentale, am simulat pe o perioadă de 240 ani structura pe clase de vârstă, ținând cont exclusiv de probabilitățile de revenire în prima clasă de vârstă a arboretelor din toate clasele de vârstă. Deoarece produsele accidentale nu modifică doar distribuția normală pe clase de vârste ci și suprafața ocupată efectiv de arbori, am propus două modele simplificate de corecție a mediei creșterilor curente folosite la calculul creșterilor indicatoare.
Lectio magistralis: Voluntariatul și unicitatea naturii din România
Authors: Rákosy László 
Published: September 2022

Evenimentul de azi, sentimentele și gândirea noastră sunt, din păcate umbrite și tulburate de atrocitățile războiului din Ucraina. Orice subiect aș alege, acesta ar fi eclipsat de tragicele evenimente din Ucraina. Am ales voluntariatul pentru că are legătură cu evenimentele din Ucraina și unicitatea naturii, pentru că acest subiect mă doare și mă revoltă.
Participarea populației la acțiuni de voluntariat care vizează natura sunt deocamdată firave și izolate. Principala cauză este nivelul de trai scăzut al populației, procentul celor mulțumiți de nivelul lor de viața nedepășind la noi 3%, iar în țările în care voluntariatul este la ordinea zilei, tinde sau depășește 50%. Alt factor hotărâtor este nivelul educațional și cultural. Deocamdată România nu are o societate pregătită pentru voluntariat de mediu.
Și totuși, războiul din Ucraina a relevat o altă latură a voluntariatului. Mii de oameni au sărit să ajute alte sute de mii de oameni alungați de ororile războiului. Empatia omului față de semenii săi este mult mai puternică decât cea față de natură. Empatia față de natură nu face parte din cultura și educația noastră. Recunoștința omului ajutat se manifestă imediat încărcând psihic și energetic conștiința voluntarului. Ajutorul dat naturii se reîntoarce în timp, de cele mai multe ori generațiilor umane viitoare, de unde lipsa sentimentelor imediate de mulțumire.
Educația sau non-educația și modelele de viață direcționează spre obsesiva idee de prosperitate materială, făcând din om un autointitulat ”stăpân al naturii”.
Dar care este menirea noastră, cel puțin a minorității care gândește altfel? Creativitatea cere libertate, nesupunerea la dogme, manifestarea nemulțumirii. Avem datoria să trezim mândria și conștiința individuală, incluzând natura în reperele mândriei naționale. Unicitatea naturii din România ne oferă multe repere pentru o identitate națională. Dar nimeni nu încearcă să trezească mândria națională prin unicitatea naturii din România.
Universitățile deschise, inovative, pot aduce schimbarea. Ancestralul pozitiv din spiritul tinerilor noștri trebuie trezit și călăuzit spre o legătură mai trainică cu natura. Îndepărtați ignoranța, treziți interesul pentru natură.
Bibliometric Analysis of Game-Based Researches in Educational Research
Authors: Ekin Cansu Cigdem , Gul Abdulmenaf 
Published: September 2022

This research aims to conduct a bibliometric study to describe how game-based educational research is structured and how it has evolved over time. For this purpose, bibliometric analysis has been used to analyze 4980 publications indexed by the Elsevier SCOPUS database between 1967 and May 2021. The related publications were evaluated by analyzing co-authorship, co-occurrence, and citation by considering author, keyword, country, journal, university, and publication variables. As a result of the bibliometric analysis, it was concluded that the United States was leading the field and significantly publishing more studies. Top performing organizations were in Taiwan and the United States. According to the keyword co-occurrence analysis, “game-based learning” was the most used keyword followed by “serious games” and “gamification”. Co-authorship status results show that collaboration between researchers in the field was not high and the number of researchers in co-author groups was small. It was found that the most influential research was related to literature review on games and the effectiveness of games on motivation or learning and Computers Education was the most published and cited journal in game-based educational research.
Sindemia y enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, una perspectiva social y biológica
Authors: Posso-Paz Mariam Beatriz , Ruiz Paula Alexandra Correa , Ramírez Catalina Cáceres , Mantilla Álvaro José Lora , Parra-Gómez Laura Alejandra , Rocha-Lezama Catalina , Camacho Paul Anthony 
Published: September 2022

El término sindemia se refiere a la interacción entre dos o más enfermedades que potencian su carga de enfermedad al situarse a un contexto sociopolítico específico. Las sindemias ocurren en enfermedades infecciosas y en enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, resultando en un aumento de la carga de la enfermedad. En los últimos años, el término se ha expandido de forma exponencial, evidenciando la importancia del origen social de las enfermedades y el estudio de las causas de este fenómeno multinivel. En el escenario actual, en donde el sistema de salud sido retado por la contingencia secundaria a la COVID-19, se hace necesario analizar la interacción de la situación geopolítica, la situación previa de salud y la pandemia. Finalmente, la pandemia por la COVID-19 merece ser considerada una sindemia, porque la evidencia demuestra que la forma grave de esta enfermedad es más frecuente en grupos sociales vulnerables y en personas con comorbilidades, con repercusiones inciertas a futuro.
Gambaran Pengetahuan Remaja Putri tentang Konsumsi Tablet Fe di SMK Islam Yasnuhu Lombok Timur
Authors: Kamila Nurul Auliya , Prahayu Enju 
Published: September 2022

Remaja putri merupakan salah satu kelompok yang rawan mengalami defisiensi zat besi. Di Indonesia, prevalensi anemia atau zat besi masih cukup tinggi. Meningkatnya kebutuhan bila diiringi kurangnya asupan zat besi dapat mengakibatkan remaja putri rawan mengalami anemia. Anemia pada remaja putri dapat menyebabkan menurunya konsentrasi belajar, kurang bersemangat dalam beraktivitas, menurunya daya ingat serta menurunya kemampuan belajar di sekolah. Anemia gizi besi pada remaja menjadi berbahaya jika tidak ditangani dengan baik, terutama untuk persiapan hamil dan melahirkan pada saat mereka dewasa. Menurut World Health Organization (WHO) menyebutkan 30% penduduk di dunia mengalami anemia dan banyak diderita oleh remaja putri. Pada tahun 2019, Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Lombok Timur melaksanakan pemeriksaan anemia pada 1200 remaja putri (siswi) di beberapa puskesmas yang ada di Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Hasil pemeriksaan tersebut diketahui bahwa 337 remaja putri (28,08%) menderita anemia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis gambaran pengetahuan remaja puteri tentang konsumsi tablet Fe di SMK Islam Yasnuhu Lombok Timur tahun 2021.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam adalah metode descriptive dengan pendekatan Cross-sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah adalah remaja puteri yang ada di SMK Islam Yasnuhu Lombok Timur sebanyak 99 orang. Sampel yang dianggap mewakili dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalah accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisa data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji univariat.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar remaja puteri di SMK Islam Yasnuhu Lombok Timur berada pada kelompok umur 15 - 16 tahun sebanyak 19 orang (63,3%) dan sebagian kecil berada pada kelompok umur 17 – 18 tahun sebanyak 11 orang (36,7%). Dan dari 30 remaja putri yang ada di SMK Islam Yasnuhu Lombok Timur , sebagian besar memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang tentang konsumsi tablet Fe sebanyak 13 orang (43,3%) dan sebagian kecil memiliki pengetahuan yang baik sebanyak 8 orang (26,7%).
Diharapkan kepada Sekolah pada umumnya dan remaja pada khususnya agar lebih meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan kepada masyarakat khususnya remaja dengan cara memberikan penyuluhan dan memeriksakan kesehatannya secara rutin di tempat pelayanan kesehatan.
The effect of clouds and precipitation on the aerosol concentrations and composition in a boreal forest environment
Authors: Isokääntä Sini , Kim Paul , Mikkonen Santtu , Kühn Thomas , Kokkola Harri , Yli-Juuti Taina , Heikkinen Liine , Luoma Krista , Petäjä Tuukka , Kipling Zak , Partridge Daniel , Virtanen Annele 
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosol particle concentrations are strongly affected by various
wet processes, including below and in-cloud wet scavenging and in-cloud
aqueous-phase oxidation. We studied how wet scavenging and cloud processes
affect particle concentrations and composition during transport to a rural
boreal forest site in northern Europe. For this investigation, we employed
air mass history analysis and observational data. Long-term particle number
size distribution (∼15 years) and composition measurements
(∼8 years) were combined with air mass trajectories with
relevant variables from reanalysis data. Some such variables were rainfall
rate, relative humidity, and mixing layer height. Additional observational
datasets, such as temperature and trace gases, helped further evaluate wet
processes along trajectories with mixed effects models. All chemical species investigated (sulfate, black carbon, and organics)
exponentially decreased in particle mass concentration as a function of
accumulated precipitation along the air mass route. In sulfate (SO4)
aerosols, clear seasonal differences in wet removal emerged, whereas
organics (Org) and equivalent black carbon (eBC) exhibited only minor differences. The
removal efficiency varied slightly among the different reanalysis datasets
(ERA-Interim and Global Data Assimilation System; GDAS) used for the trajectory calculations due to the
difference in the average occurrence of precipitation events along the
air mass trajectories between the reanalysis datasets. Aqueous-phase processes were investigated by using a proxy for air masses
travelling inside clouds. We compared air masses with no experience of
approximated in-cloud conditions or precipitation during the past 24 h
to air masses recently inside non-precipitating clouds before they entered
SMEAR II (Station for Measuring Ecosystem–Atmosphere Relations). Significant increases in SO4 mass concentration were observed
for the latter air masses (recently experienced non-precipitating clouds). Our mixed effects model considered other contributing factors affecting
particle mass concentrations in SMEAR II: examples were trace gases, local
meteorology, and diurnal variation. This model also indicated in-cloud
SO4 production. Despite the reanalysis dataset used in the trajectory
calculations, aqueous-phase SO4 formation was observed. Particle
number size distribution measurements revealed that most of the in-cloud
SO4 formed can be attributed to particle sizes larger than 200 nm
(electrical mobility diameter). Aqueous-phase secondary organic aerosol
(aqSOA) formation was non-significant.
Sensitivity analysis of mesoscale simulations to physics parameterizations over the Belgian North Sea using Weather Research and Forecasting – Advanced Research WRF (WRF-ARW)
Authors: Vemuri Adithya , Buckingham Sophia , Munters Wim , Helsen Jan , van Beeck Jeroen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model offers a multitude of physics parameterizations to study and analyze the different atmospheric processes and dynamics that are observed in the Earth's atmosphere. However, the suitability of a WRF model setup is known to be highly sensitive to the type of weather phenomena and the type and combination of physics parameterizations. A multi-event sensitivity analysis is conducted to identify general trends and suitable WRF physics setups for three extreme weather events identified to be potentially harmful for the operation and maintenance of wind farms located in the Belgian offshore concession zone. The events considered are Storm Ciara on 10 February 2020, a low-pressure system on 24 December 2020, and a trough passage on 27 June 2020. A total of 12 WRF simulations per event are performed to study the effect of the update interval of lateral boundary conditions and different combinations of physics parameterizations (planetary boundary layer, PBL; cumulus; and microphysics). Specifically, the update interval of ERA5 lateral boundary conditions is varied between hourly and 3-hourly. Physics parameterizations are varied between three PBL schemes (Mellor–Yamada–Nakanishi–Niino, MYNN; scale-aware Shin-Hong; and scale-aware Zhang), four cumulus schemes (Kain–Fritsch, Grell–Dévényi, scale-aware Grell–Freitas, and multi-scale Kain–Fritsch), and three microphysics schemes (WRF Single-Moment five-class scheme, WSM5; Thompson; and Morrison). The simulated wind direction and wind speed are compared qualitatively and quantitatively to operational supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) data. Overall, a definitive best-case setup common to all three events is not identified in this study. For wind direction and wind speed, the best-case setups are identified to employ scale-aware PBL schemes. These are most often driven by hourly update intervals of lateral boundary conditions as opposed to 3-hourly update intervals, although it is only in the case of Storm Ciara that significant differences are observed. Scale-aware cumulus schemes are identified to produce better results when combined with scale-aware PBL schemes, specifically for Storm Ciara and the trough passage cases. However, for the low-pressure-system case this trend is not observed. No clear trend in utilizing higher-order microphysics parameterization considering the combinations of WRF setups in this study is found in all cases. Overall, the combination of PBL, cumulus, and microphysics schemes is found to be highly sensitive to the type of extreme weather event. Qualitatively, precipitation fields are found to be highly sensitive to model setup and the type of weather phenomena.
Workforce strategies and challenges faced to mitigate risk for employees during COVID 19 in a 2000 plus bedded tertiary care teaching hospital in south India
Authors: Sunil Vishnu , Somu Somu , Mathew Sherry P. 
Published: September 2022

Background- Many countries have devised formulas to protect their healthcare workers and also to increase number of staff available for primary care. In present study, the strategies employed in managing healthcare human resource during COVID-19, to understand the opportunities and challenges faced during the crisis and to initiate a health policy towards handling of workforce during a pandemic were studied. Methodology: The strategies employed by the HR department for manpower deployment during the pandemic were studied. Results: There were 393 doctors, 348 post graduates and 239 interns. Doctors’ morning shift was from8 am to 2 pm, evening shift from 2 pm to 8 pm and night shift from 8 pm to 2 am. Nurses morning shift was from 7:30 am to 1:30 pm, evening shift was from 1:30pm to 7:30pm and night shift for 1st batch: Covid patient care was from 7:30 pm to 1:30 am and for file work was from 1:30 am to 7:30 am and for 2nd batch: Covid patient care was from 1:30 am to 7:30am and for file work was from 7:30 pm to 1:30 am.