bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential health risk assessment of selected metal concentrations of Indian backwater oyster, (Crassostrea madrasensis) from Puttalam lagoon, Sri Lanka
Authors: Subasinghe Madhusha Mihirani , Kankanamge Kolitha Kamal Jinadasa Bedigama , Navarathne Ayanthi , Jayakody Sevvandi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Oysters are considered as a nutritious seafood, but they can adversely effect on human health due to bioaccumulation potential. The current study was conducted to determine the health risks of mercury(Hg), lead(Pb), cadmium(Cd), arsenic(As), magnesium(Mg), zinc(Zn), iron(Fe) and copper(Cu) in cultured and wild Crassostrea madrasensis collected from Sri Lanka. The samples were collected over 13 months from July 2014-July 2015 and monthly variations of metal concentrations and influence of environment were studied between cultured and wild C.madrasensis . Metal concentrations were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer and compared with published international standards. The accumulation order of metal concentrations was Zn>Mg>Fe>Cu>Pb>Cd>As>Hg. The mean Hg, Cd, Pb, As, Mg and Fe concentrations showed monthly variations, but not varied within cultured and wild oysters (p>0.05). A significant variation was observed in both month and source of oysters for Zn and Cu concentrations. A positive correlation was observed for mean Cd and Fe concentrations with temperature while other metals were not. The mean Hg concentrations were well below the maximum levels given by Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code (FSANZ2003) and Commission Regulation (EC1881/2006) and China (GB 2762-2017) while the mean Pb concentration was exceeded standards. The Cd level exceeded the EC (1881/2006) while not other two standards. The weekly intakes of Hg, Cu, Fe, and Zn from C.madrasensis were well below the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI) while, the intake of Cd exceeded PTWI. Hence, the investigation indicated the health risk of consuming C.madrasensis emphasizing continuous monitoring to assure consumer’s health and export-oriented market.
Serological and Molecular Characteristics of Pathogenic Leptospira circulating in rat populations in Fujian Province, China, 2018-2020
Authors: Xu Guoying , Qiu Haiyan , Liu Weijun , Jiang Xiugao , Chang Yung-Fu , Wang Jiaxiong , Li Zhenpeng , Zhu Yongzhang , Zhang Cuicai , Xiao Fangzhen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Leptospirosis is a significant emerging infectious disease worldwide. Rodents are considered to be the most critical hosts for Leptospira spp. Fujian Province is a region highly endemic for leptospirosis in China. However, the genetic diversity of leptospires circulating among rodents in Fujian is limited.
Results

The carrier status of Leptospira spp. in rats was investigated by culturing and serological detection in Fujian during 2018-2020. A total of 710 rodents, including 11 species, were trapped, with R. rattoides being the dominant species (50.56%). Fourteen pathogenic Leptospira strains were obtained. Two species including L. interrogans and L. borgpetersenii were identified using 16S rRNA gene. Four serogroups were identified by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), including 7 Javanica, 4 Icterohaemorrhagiae, 2 Bataviae and 1 Pyrogenes. Six STs were identified by MLST, including 7 ST143, 2 ST1, 2 ST17, 1 ST96, 1 ST332 and 1 ST333. L. borgpetersenii serogroup Javanica belonging to ST143 was the dominant type (50.00%). A total of 387 rat serum samples were tested by MAT. Sera were considered positive for seroreactivity at a titer ≥1:20 against at least one serovar. A total of 138 (35.66%) sera samples tested positive, and seven serogroups were identified, with Javanica being the dominant serogroup (81.16%), the similar serogroup isolated from rodents. This study demonstrates a high prevalence of leptospirosis in rats and public health education among high-risk workers is highly recommended.
Conclusions

This study confirmed R. rattoides were the most abundantly rats, and L. borgpetersenii serogroup Javanica ST143, L. interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae ST1 and ST17 were widely distributed among rodents in Fujian during 2018-2020. Despite the low number of isolates obtained from rodents, this study suggests that continuous epidemiological surveillance on the etiological characteristics of pathogenic Leptospira in wild animal reservoirs may help reduce the possible risk of disease transmission.
Effects of COVID-19 school closure on schoolteachers’ well-being: an explorative study from the AVATAR study
Authors: Pingitore Alessandro , Mastorci Francesca , Lazzeri Maria Francesca Lodovica , Piaggi Paolo , Doveri Cristina , Trivellini Gabriele , Casu Anselmo , Marinaro Irene , Banchin Elisa , Pozzi Marta 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Teachers are very often reported to be at higher risk for co-occurring mental disorders than other professional categories. Aim of this study was to assess well-being perception of school teachers and the indirect psychological effects of the COVID-19 emergency. Methods: We collected data in April 2021, during COVID-19 lockdown from 838 teachers at public schools. Participants reported their perception of quality of life, by filling out a battery of psychological questionnaires through a multimedia platform.Results: Having a family member with COVID in the last month increases anxiety (BAI, p<0.05), reduces the perception of physical health (PWBI, p<0.05) and vitality (PWBI, p<0.05). In particular, anxiety (BAI, p<0.001), depression (BDI-II, p<0.03) and stress-related insomnia (FIRST, p<0.000) increased significantly in women. In the male population, on the contrary, evaluation of well-being showed an increase in health perception (p<0.001) and vitality (p<0.001), also confirmed in the total score (p<0.001).Conclusions: The psychological difficulties of school teachers during COVID-19 underline the need to invest in prevention programs and promotion of well-being in this professional category, as the school remains the environment that allows teachers to provide structured learning opportunities to students.
Synthesis and Structure of a New Erbium Porous Complex Assembled from 2,3-Pyrazinedicarboxylic Acid and Ammonia
Authors: Ji Xi-Yan , Yong Sheng-Li , Wang Mei-Rong , Yang Kun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A new erbium porous complex, (NH4)2[Er2(pzdc)4(H2O)2], was synthesized through hydrothermal reaction of 2,3-pyrazinedicarboxylic acid and Er(NO3)3·6H2O with the pH value adjusted by ammonia. It was characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, TGA and further by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 14.125(3), b = 15.706(2), c = 12.726(3) Å, β = 95.714(4)°, V = 2809.4(10) Å3, Z = 4, Dc = 2.385 g/cm3, µ(MoKa) = 6.05 mm−1 and F(000) = 2056. 2056 reflections were measured and 6446 independent reflections (Rint = 0.0695) were used in further refinement. The complex exhibits a 3D framework constructed from the [Er 2(pzdc)4(H2O)2]2− building blocks. It is scarce that the NH4+ cations are located in the channels and balance the charge of anion framework. Furthermore, the ion exchange property of this complex has also been studied. The NH4+ cations can be replaced by Na+ cations, which is an uncommon phenomenon for gadolinium-containing porous complex.
Integrated 2D graphene oxide thin films for enhancing nonlinear optics in nanowires and ring resonators
Authors: Moss David 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We report enhanced nonlinear optics in nanowires, waveguides, and ring resonators by introducing layered two-dimensional (2D) graphene oxide (GO) films through experimental demonstration. The GO films are integrated on silicon-on-insulator nanowires (SOI), high index doped silica glass, and silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides and microring resonators (MRRs), to demonstrate an improved optical nonlinearity including Kerr nonlinearity and four-wave mixing (FWM). By using a large-area, transfer-free, layer-by-layer GO coating method with photolithography and lift-off processes, we integrate GO films on these complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible devices. For SOI nanowires, significant spectral broadening of optical pulses in GO-coated SOI nanowires induced by self-phase modulation (SPM) is observed, achieving a high spectral broadening factor of 4.34 for a device with a patterned film including 10 layers of GO. A significant enhancement in the nonlinear figure of merit (FOM) for silicon nanowires by a factor of 20 is also achieved, resulting in a FOM > 5. For Hydex and SiN waveguides, enhanced FWM in the GO-coated waveguides is achieved, where conversion efficiency (CE) enhancements of up to 6.9 dB and 9.1 dB relative to the uncoated waveguides. For MRRs, an increase of up to ~10.3 dB in the FWM CE is achieved due to the resonant enhancement effect. These results reveal the strong potential of GO films to improve the nonlinear optics of nanowires, waveguides, and ring resonators.
Two-Dimensional Stress Analysis of Isotropic Deep Beams Using the Finite Difference Method
Authors: Fogang Valentin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper presents an approach to the two-dimensional analysis of elastic isotropic deep beams using the finite difference method (FDM). Deep beams are subjected to in-plane loading and present a shear span to height ratio less than 2.50; consequently, Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and Timoshenko beam theory do not apply. Deep beams analysis is generally conducted using numerical methods such as the finite element method and to a lesser extent the FDM; the strut-and-tie model and the stress field method are also widely utilized. Analytical approaches usually make use of the Airy stress function, where stresses are formulated in terms of the stress function; however, the exact solution of this function satisfying all of the boundary conditions can hardly be found, even for simple cases. In this paper, deep beams were analyzed using the FDM. The FDM is an approximate method for solving problems described with differential equations. The FDM does not involve solving differential equations; equations are formulated with values at selected nodes of the structure. Therefore, the deep beam was discretized with a two-dimensional grid, and additional nodes were introduced at the boundaries and at positions of discontinuity (openings, brutal change of material properties, non-uniform grid spacing), the number of additional nodes corresponding to the number of boundary conditions at the node of interest. The introduction of additional nodes allowed us to apply the governing equations at boundary nodes and to satisfy the boundary and continuity conditions. An Airy stress function approach and a displacement potential function approach were considered in this study whereby strong formulations of equations (equilibrium, kinematic, and constitutive) were set. Stress and stability analyses were carried out with this model; furthermore, deep beams of varying stiffness, layered beams, and beams having openings were analyzed. For slender beams, the results obtained with the Airy stress function approach showed good agreement with those of Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, and for deep beams, the shapes of stress distributions were in good agreement with a proper understanding of the behavior of structures. On the other hand, the displacement potential function approach delivered unsatisfactory results, probably due to the use of an inefficient equation solver; a more powerful tool will be needed in future research for this purpose.
A novel partial de novo duplication of JARID2 gene causing a neurodevelopmental phenotype
Authors: Viitasalo Liisa , Kettunen Kaisa , Kankainen Matti , Niemelä Elina H. , Kiiski Kirsi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Deletions covering the entire or partial JARID2 gene as well as pathogenic single nucleotide variants leading to haploinsufficiency of JARID2 have recently been shown to cause a clinically distinct neurodevelopmental syndrome phenotype. Here, we present a previously undescribed partial de novo duplication of the JARID2 gene in a patient displaying a phenotype associated with known JARID2 loss-of-function variant carriers. The phenotype of the index patient included coordination problems, clumsiness, language delay, unclear speech, problems with behavior and attention as well as difficulties with social contacts and daily activities. The patient has markedly dark infraorbital circles and slightly prominent supraorbital ridges. The phenotype shares a notable resemblance to previously characterized JARID2 deletion patients. Genetic analyses from the samples of the index patient and the parents were performed. Whole-genome sequencing and array comparative genomic hybridization revealed a novel disease-causing variant type, a partial tandem duplication of JARID2, covering the exons 1-7. Furthermore, RNA sequencing validated increased expression of these exons. Expression alterations were also detected in the target genes of PRC2 complex, in which JARID2 acts as an essential member. Our data adds to the variety of different pathogenic variants causing the JARID2 specific neurodevelopmental syndrome phenotype.
A GWAS Identified a Major QTL for Resistance to Fusarium Wilt (Fusarium Oxysporum f. sp. Vasinfectum) Race 4 in a MAGIC Population of Upland Cotton and a Meta-Analysis of QTLs for Fusarium Wilt Resistance
Authors: Zhu Yi , Thyssen Gregory N. , Abdelraheem Abdelraheem , Teng Zonghua , Fang David D. , Jenkins Johnie N. , McCarty Jack C. , Wedegaertner Tom , Hake Kater , Zhang Jinfa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the genetic basis of Fusarium wilt (FW) resistance using bi-parental and association mapping populations in cotton. In this study, a multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) population of 550 recombinant inbred lines (RILs), together with their 11 Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) parents, was used to identify QTLs for FW race 4 (FOV4) resistance. Among the parents, Acala Ultima, M240, and Stoneville 474 were the most resistant, while Deltapine Acala 90, Coker 315, and Stoneville 825 were the most susceptible. Twenty-two MAGIC lines were consistently resistant to FOV4. Through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) based on 473,516 polymorphic SNPs, a major FOV4 resistance QTL within a narrow region on chromosomes D02 was detected, allowing identification of 14 candidate genes. Additionally, a meta-analysis of 101 published FW resistance QTLs showed a D subgenome and individual chromosome bias and no correlation between homeologous chromosome pairs. This study represents the first GWAS study using a largest genetic population and the most comprehensive meta-analysis for FW resistance in cotton. The results illustrated that 550 lines are not enough for high resolution mapping to pinpoint a candidate gene, and experimental errors in phenotyping cotton for FW resistance further compromise the accuracy and precision in QTL localization and identification of candidate genes. This study identified FOV4 resistant parents, MAGIC lines, and the first major QTL for FOV4 resistance, providing useful information for developing FOV4 resistant cultivars and further genomic studies towards identification of causal genes for FOV4 resistance in cotton.
Patient Perspectives of Inpatient Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative Assessment
Authors: Vilendrer Stacie , Sackeyfio Sarah , Akinbami Eliel , Ghosh Roy , Luu Jacklyn Ha , Pathak Divya , Shimada Masahiro , Williamson Emmanuelle Elise , Shieh Lisa 
Published: January 2022

Background
Telemedicine has been adopted in the inpatient setting to facilitate clinical interactions between on-site clinicians and isolated hospitalized patients. Such remote interactions have the potential to reduce pathogen exposure and use of personal protective equipment but may also pose new safety concerns given prior evidence that isolated patients can receive suboptimal care. Formal evaluations of the use and practical acceptance of inpatient telemedicine among hospitalized patients are lacking.

Objective
We aimed to evaluate the experience of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 with inpatient telemedicine introduced as an infection control measure during the pandemic.

Methods
We conducted a qualitative evaluation in a COVID-19 designated non–intensive care hospital unit at a large academic health center (Stanford Health Care) from October 2020 through January 2021. Semistructured qualitative interviews focused on patient experience, impact on quality of care, communication, and mental health. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants representing diversity across varying demographics until thematic saturation was reached. Interview transcripts were qualitatively analyzed using an inductive-deductive approach.

Results
Interviews with 20 hospitalized patients suggested that nonemergency clinical care and bridging to in-person care comprised the majority of inpatient telemedicine use. Nurses were reported to enter the room and call on the tablet far more frequently than physicians, who typically entered the room at least daily. Patients reported broad acceptance of the technology, citing improved convenience and reduced anxiety, but preferred in-person care where possible. Quality of care was believed to be similar to in-person care with the exception of a few patients who wanted more frequent in-person examinations. Ongoing challenges included low audio volume, shifting tablet location, and inconsistent verbal introductions from the clinical team.

Conclusions
Patient experiences with inpatient telemedicine were largely favorable. Although most patients expressed a preference for in-person care, telemedicine was acceptable given the circumstances associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Improvements in technical and care team use may enhance acceptability. Further evaluation is needed to understand the impact of inpatient telemedicine and the optimal balance between in-person and virtual care in the hospital setting.
Лечение скелетных повреждений при высокоэнергетической травме
Authors: Krivenko S.N. , Grebenyuk A.M. , Popov S.V. 
Published: January 2022

До настоящего времени не получили нужного освещения вопросы методов, сроков, объема предоставления помощи пострадавшим с высокоэнергетической множественной травмой конечностей. Этот вид повреждений сопровождается глубокими расстройствами системы гомеостаза, тяжесть которых превышает адаптационные возможности человеческого организма, что обусловливает высокий уровень летальности (5,4–49,6 %) и инвалидности (7,7–29 %) среди пострадавших. Применение у больных с высокоэнергетическими множественными переломами диафизов длинных костей нижних конечностей комбинированной тактики лечения в ранний срок после травмы позволило снизить число осложнений до 6,8 %. Применение комбинированного метода лечения (106 — 41,6 %) по четким показаниям в большинстве случаев (97 из 106 — 91,5 %) обеспечило достижение хороших результатов.
Роль диетического питания и фитотерапии в профилактике и лечении мочекаменной болезни
Authors: Kharchenko N.V. , Anokhina G.A. , Lopukh I.Ya. , Boyko A.I. 
Published: January 2022

Мочекаменная болезнь (МКБ) — одно из наиболее распространенных заболеваний почек, характеризующееся отложением конкрементов в чашечно-лоханочной системе. МКБ диагностируют не менее чем у 1–3 % населения, причем наиболее часто в возрасте 20–50 лет. Больные составляют 30–40 % всех пациентов урологического профиля. Среди факторов камнеобразования основное место занимают энзимопатии, которые представляют собой нарушения обменных процессов в организме или функций почечных канальцев в результате различных ферментативных нарушений, которые могут быть как врожденными, так и приобретенными. Наиболее распространенными являются следующие энзимопатии: оксалурия, уратурия, генерализованная аминоацидурия, цистинурия, галактоземия, фруктоземия. В развитии МКБ имеют значение гиперкальциурия, дефицит витамина А, D или передозировка витамина D, гиперпаратиреоз, бактериальная инфекция, применение сульфаниламидов, тетрациклинов, антацидов, ацетилсалициловой кислоты, глюкокортикоидов и т.д., химические вещества.
Лечение и диагностика лямблиоза в современных условиях
Authors: Mochalova A.A. , Yershova I.B. , Karpenko I.N. , Cherkasova S.N. 
Published: January 2022

Лямблиоз — это широко распространенное заболевание, и оно выявляется во всех странах мира. По данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ), 10–20 % населения земного шара инвазировано лямблиями [8]. Однако анализ эпидемиологических обзоров свидетельствует, что показатели распространенности лямблиоза зависят не только от страны, но и от города, возрастной группы, времени года, качества питьевой воды, уровня коммунального благоустройства местности, принадлежности к группам риска, иммунного статуса обследованных, от применяемых диагностических методов и т.д. Согласно статистическим отчетам, инвазированность в США составляет 7,4 %, в Норвегии — 3,3 %, но наиболее высокие показатели регистрируются в странах Африки, Азии и Южной Америки — до 35 % [5, 7]. В Украине, к сожалению, распространенность лямблиоза находится на уровне развивающихся стран.
Моделирование степени тяжести и вариантов течения ротавирусной диареи у детей
Authors: Kharchenko Yu.P. , Yurchenko I.V. , Yeryomenko S.A. , Kashintsev S.V. , Pitel A.A. 
Published: January 2022

Под наблюдением находилось 3607 детей в возрасте от 9 дней до 5 лет с диагнозом «острый гастроэнтерит» и «острый гастроэнтероколит». Диарейный синдром наблюдался в 97,4 % случаев, рвота — в 87,2 %, катаральные явления — в 64,8 %. Заболевания у детей вызываются основными 5 генотипами ротавируса (G1Р8, G2Р4, G3Р8, G4Р8, G9Р8). Клинические манифестации ротавирусной инфекции тесно коррелируют с показателями лейкограммы, со скоростью оседания эритроцитов и выраженностью метаболического ацидоза. Наибольшая продолжительность диареи наблюдалась у пациентов, у которых ротавирусный гастроэнтерит был вызван штаммом с генотипом G1P8 (чаще встречался у детей старше 2 лет (t = 3,4; p < 0,01)). Разработана схема прогнозирования течения ротавирусного гастроэнтерита, включая наличие микст-инфекции, для определения тяжести патологического процесса по специально разработанной шкале.