bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical Environment as a Tool in Caring for the Hospitalized Patient: A Qualitative Study of Nurses’ Experiences in Hospitals
Authors: Hjorhöy Liv Gølnitz , Thomsen Thora Grothe , Beck Malene 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To explore how nurses experience the physical environment when caring for hospitalized patients. Background: The physical environment as part of nursing is already an embedded understanding in the earliest nursing theory. In today’s hospitals, the impact of the physical environment is important for both patients and nurses. Patients’ well-being is linked to the physical environment, which can produce both negative and positive emotions. Nurses’ work environment is affected by the physical one, which affects practice, communication, and teamwork. Methods: This study used a qualitative design to explore nurses’ experiences of the physical environment in nursing. The study complied with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ). Individual interviews were conducted with nine nurses working in somatic hospital units. Data collection, analysis, and interpretation consisted of individual semi-structured interviews and meaning condensation as described by Kvale and Brinkmann. Results: Three themes were identified: (1) providing a place to belong, (2) offering a protective sensory shield, and (3) balancing clinical needs with the patients’ personal needs. Conclusions: Involvement of the physical environment in nursing provides an opportunity for nurses to offer the hospitalized patient a place to belong. However, the physical environment is important for nurses to maintain accessibility with, and visualization of the patient. It is a careful balancing act carried out in practice without further verbalization in nursing.
Metformin use is associated with low risk of case fatality and disability rates in first-ever stroke patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Tu Wen-Jun , Liu Zheng , Chao Bao-Hua , Yan Feng , Ma Lin , Cao Lei , Ji Xun-Ming , Wang Long-De 
Published: April 2022

Background: To assess the effectiveness of metformin treatment on long-term outcomes in first-ever stroke patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in China. Methods: From August to September 2019, all patients with first-ever stroke and T2DM from 232 hospitals in China Mainland were included. The enrolled patients were divided into two groups: the metformin treatment (MT) and the no-metformin treatment (No-MT) groups. All discharged patients would receive a telephone follow-up at 12-month after admission. Results: In total, 7587 first-ever stroke patients with T2DM [age: median (IQR) = 66 (57–73) years; 57.35% male] were recruited. Out of those 7587 included patients, 3593 (47.36%) received MT. The in-hospital case fatality rate was lower in the MT group than the No-MT group [MT group versus No-MT group: 1.09% versus 2.30%; absolute difference = −1.75% (95% CI = −2.15 to −1.17%); OR = 0.63 (95% CI = 0.47 to 0.84)]. The 12-month case fatality rate was lower in the MT group than the No-MT group [4.72% versus 8.05%; absolute difference = −4.05% (95% CI = −5.58 to −2.41); OR = 0.69 (95% CI = 0.50 to 0.88)]. The 12-month disability rate was also lower in the MT group than the No-MT group [14.74% versus 19.41%; absolute difference = −5.70% (95% CI = −7.25 to −3.22); OR = 0.83 (95% CI = 0.70 to 0.95)]. Furthermore, the recurrence rate did not differ significantly between the MT and No-MT groups ( p = 0.29). Conclusion: The study reveals that metformin use in stroke patients with T2DM results in a less severe stroke and lower fatality and disability rates.
Effect of 3-week preoperative rehabilitation on pain and daily physical activities in patients with severe osteoarthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Ohno Chigusa , Ogawa Takahiro , Taniguchi Takaya , Kinoshita Tokio , Fujita Yasuhisa , Nishimura Yukihide , Yamada Hiroshi , Tajima Fumihiro 
Published: April 2022

Background We hypothesized that 3 weeks of preoperative rehabilitation could improve postoperative pain in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 3 weeks of preoperative rehabilitation on postoperative pain after TKA. Methods This prospective cohort study included 29 subjects (41 knees) divided into two groups: the preoperative rehabilitation group included 14 subjects (20 knees) and the control group included 15 subjects (21 knees). All subjects were scheduled for unilateral or bilateral TKA. The preoperative rehabilitation group completed a 90-min rehabilitation program 3 days per week for 3 weeks before their TKA. The rehabilitation included body weight exercise, resistance exercise, and cycle ergometer exercise. The control group did not undergo any rehabilitation prior to TKA. We assessed the patients using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities’ Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and recorded their physical activity of walking, standing, sitting, and lying down at study entry and/or before TKA and 1 month after TKA. Results The WOMAC total and WOMAC pain scores were significantly lower after 3-weeks of rehabilitation, but before TKA and 1 month after surgery were significantly lower in the preoperative rehabilitation group than in the control group. The time spent walking, standing, sitting, and lying down for 12 h did not change after TKA in the preoperative rehabilitation group. In contrast, in the control group, the time spent in walking and standing positions decreased and the time in the sitting position increased after TKA (p < 0.05). Conclusion: We found that 3-week preoperative training reduced knee pain and helped maintain physical activity after surgery in patients with severe osteoarthritis who underwent TKA.
Analysis of therapeutic effectiveness and adverse effects of long-term corticosteroids among leprosy patients with reactions: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Siagian Joyce Novelyn , Purwantyastuti  , Instiaty  , Menaldi Sri Linuwih 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: Main therapy for leprosy reactions is 12 weeks corticosteroids according to World Health Organization recommendations, but recovery cannot be achieved and recurrence occurs. Long duration of administration was thought to provide better clinical improvement. Evidence of the efficacy of corticosteroids in leprosy reactions is still lacking, and optimal dose and duration of therapy vary, while the need for long-term high-dose corticosteroids makes it difficult to avoid adverse effects. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study analyzing the difference between therapeutic effectiveness and adverse effects of 12 weeks and >12 weeks corticosteroids, involving all new leprosy patients without age restriction, at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Cakung Community Health Center in Indonesia during 1 January 2015–31 December 2017. Secondary data were collected from medical records, and observations carried out until December 2018. Therapeutic effectiveness was assessed from clinical improvement to corticosteroids discontinuation, without 3 months recurrence after first cycle was completed. Adverse effects were assessed by all corticosteroids-related side effects. Results: Of 195 patients, 57 (29.2%) used 12 weeks corticosteroids, and 138 (70.8%) for >12 weeks. Effectiveness occurred in 38 (66.7%) of 12 weeks group and 106 (76.8%) of >12 weeks group (relative risk = 0.604, 95% confidence interval = 0.307–1.189, p = 0.143). Of 145 patients, adverse effects occurred in 12 (31.6%) of 12 weeks group and 70 (65.4%) of >12 weeks group (relative risk = 0.244, 95% confidence interval = 0.111–0.538, p < 0.001). Of 171 adverse effects, 37.4% were mild such as dyspepsia, skin disorders, and lipodystrophy, while 62.6% were severe in the form of neuropsychiatric disorders, eye disorders, cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal bleeding, metabolic-hormonal abnormalities, and reactivation of infections. Conclusion: There is no effectiveness difference in the form of clinical improvement without 3 months recurrence, between 12 weeks and >12 weeks corticosteroid, while longer administration causes 4 times more events.
Adjustable Transobturator Male System® (ATOMS) as a novel treatment for men with stress urinary incontinence in the United Kingdom
Authors: Yang Bob , Lewis Francesca , Jelley Clare , Foley Steve 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To investigate the first experience in the United Kingdom of using the Adjustable Transobturator Male System® (ATOMS) in treating men with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods: Between 2015 and 2021, 71 men (average age: 70.3, range: 50–81 years) were recruited and followed up. Of these, 67 (94%) had SUI secondary to a radical prostatectomy and 16 (23%) had previous radiotherapy post-prostatectomy. Seventy men underwent an insertion of ATOMS® under general anaesthetic. In one patient, due to his underlying morbid obesity, it was not possible to insert ATOMS and thus he was excluded from the study. Follow-up was up to 6 years (mean: 4 years, range: 2–6 years). Results: Out of 70 men, 53 (76%) were dry after ATOMS insertion (defined as using a maximum of one pad per day for reassurance only). Dryness was achieved within 6 months for 34/53 patients (range: 1–24 months). The average pad use was 3.4 pre-operatively and 0.7 post-operatively. Of the men who did not achieve dryness, 7/17 (41%) had previously undergone radiotherapy. There were 11 (16%) complications: two cases of infected device requiring removal, one case of balloon mechanism erosion requiring re-implantation, one case of balloon mechanism require repositioning, four cases of persistent perineal or scrotal pain, two cases of urinary retention and one case of a superficial wound infection treated medically. Overall, five devices were removed. Conclusions: The ATOMS appears to be a safe and efficacious treatment for men with SUI. Previous radiotherapy decreased the efficacy of ATOMS. Further studies on ATOMS with larger numbers of patients and longer follow-ups are required. In particular, establishing randomised control trials to confirm these positive outcomes as well as ascertain its long-term safety profile. Level of evidence: 4
Cutaneous Mycobacterium goodii infection in an immunocompetent cat in Louisiana: clinical presentation, molecular identification, antimicrobial susceptibility and management
Authors: Wu Chi-Yen , Diaz Sandra , Ellis Angela , Jones Rebekah , Pucheu-Haston Cherie 
Published: April 2022

Case summary A 9-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat was presented to a referral hospital for management of recurring non-healing ulcerations and a subcutaneous mass on the ventral abdomen. Prior treatment included antibiotics (cefovecin followed by clindamycin), wound cleaning and surgical debulking, but the ulcerations and mass recurred 1 month after surgical removal. At this point, the cat was started on doxycycline and pradofloxacin and referred for further work-up. The culture of skin biopsy specimens obtained at the time of referral revealed a population of bacterial colonies with two distinctly different phenotypes. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified both colonies as Mycobacterium goodii. A diagnosis of a cutaneous infection of rapidly growing mycobacteria was made, and treatment with oral pradofloxacin and doxycycline was initiated. The ulcerations resolved within 4 months, and the subcutaneous mass gradually decreased in size until it was no longer palpable, even 4 months after the cessation of antibiotics. Relevance and novel information This is the second reported feline cutaneous M goodii infection in North America. The organism was not visualized on histopathology but was successfully cultured from tissue obtained by skin punch biopsy. A phenotypic switching phenomenon affecting the susceptibility results was suspected, possibly explaining the presence of phenotypically different but genetically identical strains. This case highlights the importance of submitting aseptically obtained tissue, fluid or fine-needle aspirates for culture and species identification, as well as histopathology, when infection with higher bacteria, such as rapidly growing mycobacteria, is suspected.
Antimicrobial Consumption in Latin American Countries: First Steps of a Long Road Ahead
Authors: Marin Gustavo H. , Giangreco Lucia , Dorati Cristian , Mordujovich Perla , Boni Silvia , Mantilla-Ponte Hilda , Alfonso Arvez Ma. José , López Peña Mónica , Aldunate González Ma. Francisca , Ching Fung Shing Mi , Barcelona Laura , Campaña Laura , Vaquero Orellana Alejandra , Orjuela Rodríguez Tatiana , Ginés Cantero Larissa , Villar Rosa A. , Sandoval Fuentes Nicole , Melero Emiliano , Marin-Piva Hugo , Soler Gisela , Gabriel Fernanda , Pineda Velandia Laura , Ojeda Florentín Cinthia , Risso Patron Soledad , Ortiz Rivas Mariela , Mendoza Benítez Carolina , Mellado Rosemarie , Ivanovska Verica , Muller Arno , Rojas Robin , Castro José Luis 
Published: April 2022

Background: Irrational antimicrobial consumption (AMC) became one of the main global health problems in recent decades. Objective: In order to understand AMC in Latin-American Region, we performed the present research in 6 countries. Methods: Antimicrobial consumption (J01, A07A, P01AB groups) was registered in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Paraguay, and Peru. Source of information, AMC type, DDD (Defined Daily Doses), DID (DDD/1000 inhabitants/day), population were variables explored. Data was analyzed using the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) tool. Results: Source of information included data from global, public, and private sectors. Total AMC was highly variable (range 1.91-36.26 DID). Penicillin was the most consumed group in all countries except in Paraguay, while macrolides and lincosamides were ranked second. In terms of type of AMC according to the WHO-AWaRe classification, it was found that for certain groups like “Reserve,” there are similarities among all countries. Conclusion and Relevance: This paper shows the progress that 6 Latin-American countries made toward AMC surveillance. The study provides a standardized approach for building a national surveillance system for AMC data analysis. These steps will contribute to the inclusion of Latin-America among the regions of the world that have periodic, regular, and quality data of AMC.
Management Perspectives on Musculoskeletal Disorder Risk Factors and Protective Safety Resources within the Stone, Sand, and Gravel Mining Industry
Authors: Smith Todd D. , Balogun Abdulrazak O. , Dillman Abby L. 
Published: April 2022

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are problematic in many industries, including stone, sand, and gravel mining (SSGM). This research aimed to delineate MSD risk factors and to identify protective safety resources that reduce MSD within these operations. Methods: A deductive content analysis of recorded transcripts from a focus group, which included professionals working in SSGM organizations, was completed. Findings: Results suggested demographic and personal factors associated with MSD included age, lack of experience, low levels of physical fitness, and attitudes toward risks. Work factors and job demands included excessive lifting, performing additional job duties, production-focused operations, lack of resources, and work related to maintenance and equipment operation. Suggested safety resources included a focus on worker fitness, resource adequacy, pay and benefits, the SLAM (Stop, Look, Analyze, and Manage) process and positive safety culture. Conclusion: This qualitative research project utilized mine experts to identify demographic, personal, work, and job demand factors they perceive or know to be associated with MSD. Safety programs suggested by these same experts to reduce MSD were also presented. Application to Practice: Occupational health and safety practitioners and mine administrators should focus on the identified factors in their work to prevent MSD within SSGM operations. Safety efforts need to include integrated programs that promote health and fitness as well. These efforts should be implemented along with recommended programs such as SLAM and the provision of appropriate safety resources to minimize risks. These efforts should promote the importance of safety and will help with bolstering a positive safety culture.
Value of PASI90 Versus Merit-Based Incentive Payment System Efficacy Measures
Authors: Hawkes Jason E. , Reis Paulo , Lin Chen-Yen , Muram Talia , Eastman William J. 
Published: April 2022

Background Achieving ≥90% improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI90) is achievable with newer biologic therapies, such as ixekizumab. Standard of care payment systems such as the Merit-based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) responder criteria could lead to under treatment and lower quality of life (QoL) outcomes compared with PASI90. Objective Show PASI90 is a higher standard than MIPS and is associated with greater improvements in QoL and other PRO outcomes. Methods Patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis meeting PASI90 and MIPS criteria were compared in 3 phase 3 clinical trials of the interleukin-17A inhibitor ixekizumab (pooled UNCOVER-2/3 and IXORA-S). Patients satisfying MIPS criteria met either static Physician Global Assessment score ≤2, body surface area <3%, PASI <3, or Dermatology Life Quality Index ≤5. Improvements in QoL were compared between patients meeting PASI90 and MIPS criteria. Results All PASI90 responders were also MIPS responders (PASI90 responders). Not all MIPS responders met PASI90 (MIPS-only responders). Significantly larger change from baseline improvements for all health (skin pain, Itch NRS, DLQI, PtGA, WPAI-PsO work productivity loss, and WPAI-PsO activity impairment) and quality of life (EQ-5D 5L VAS and acute SF-36 PCS/MCS) outcome measures were observed in the PASI90 responders vs the MIPS-only responders. Conclusion PASI90 is a higher standard of response than MIPS and is associated with greater improvements in health and quality of life outcome measures.
The prevalence of anxiety symptoms and disorders among ophthalmic disease patients
Authors: Ulhaq Zulvikar Syambani , Soraya Gita Vita , Dewi Nadia Artha , Wulandari Lely Retno 
Published: April 2022

Background: Progressive and irreversible vision loss has been shown to place a patient at risk of mental health problems such as anxiety. However, the reported prevalence of anxiety symptoms and disorders among eye disease patients vary across studies. Thus, this study aims to clarify the estimated prevalence of anxiety symptoms and disorders among ophthalmic disease patients. Methods: Relevant studies on the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and disorders among eye disease patients were collected through international databases, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. A random-effects model was used to determine the pooled prevalence of anxiety symptoms and disorders among ophthalmic disease patients. Results: The 95 included studies yielded a pooled prevalence of 31.2% patients with anxiety symptoms and 19.0% with anxiety disorders among subjects with ophthalmic disease. Pediatric patients were more anxious (58.6%) than adults (29%). Anxiety symptoms were most prevalent in uveitis (53.5%), followed by dry eye disease (DED, 37.2%), retinitis pigmentosa (RP, 36.5%), diabetic retinopathy (DR, 31.3%), glaucoma (30.7%), myopia (24.7%), age-related macular degeneration (AMD, 21.6%), and cataract (21.2%) patients. Anxiety disorders were most prevalent in thyroid eye disease (TED, 28.9%), followed by glaucoma (22.2%) and DED (11.4%). When compared with healthy controls, there was a twofold increase on the prevalence of anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.912, 95% CI 1.463–2.5, p < 0.001) and anxiety disorders (OR = 2.281, 95% CI 1.168–4.454, p = 0.016). Conclusion: Anxiety symptoms and disorders are common problems associated with ophthalmic disease patients. Thus, comprehensive and appropriate treatments are necessary for treating anxiety symptoms and disorders among ophthalmic disease patients.
Impact of CD19 CAR T-cell product type on outcomes in relapsed or refractory aggressive B-NHL
Authors: Gauthier Jordan , Gazeau Nicolas , Hirayama Alexandre V. , Hill Joshua A. , Wu Vicky , Cearley Aisling , Perkins Paula , Kirk Angela , Shadman Mazyar , Chow Victor A. , Gopal Ajay K. , Hodges Dwinal Alexandria , Williamson Staci , Myers Jessie , Chen Andy , Nagle Sarah , Hayes-Lattin Brandon , Schachter Levanto , Maloney David G. , Turtle Cameron J. , Sorror Mohamed L. , Maziarz Richard T. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-engineered (CD19 CAR) T cells are novel therapies showing great promise for patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). Single-arm studies showed significant variations in outcomes across distinct CD19 CAR T-cell products. To estimate the independent impact of the CAR T-cell product type on outcomes, we retrospectively analyzed data from 129 patients with R/R aggressive B-NHL treated with cyclophosphamide and fludarabine lymphodepletion followed by either a commercially available CD19 CAR T-cell therapy (axicabtagene ciloleucel [axicel] or tisagenlecleucel [tisacel]), or the investigational product JCAR014 on a phase 1/2 clinical trial (NCT01865617). After adjustment for age, hematopoietic cell transplantation-specific comorbidity index, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), largest lesion diameter, and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), CAR T-cell product type remained associated with outcomes in multivariable models. JCAR014 was independently associated with lower cytokine release syndrome (CRS) severity compared with axicel (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.19; 95% confidence interval [CI]; 0.08-0.46), with a trend toward lower CRS severity with tisacel compared with axicel (aOR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.21-1.06; P = .07). Tisacel (aOR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.06-0.48) and JCAR014 (aOR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.06-0.47) were both associated with lower immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome severity compared with axicel. Lower odds of complete response (CR) were predicted with tisacel and JCAR014 compared with axicel. Although sensitivity analyses using either positron emission tomography- or computed tomography-based response criteria also suggested higher efficacy of axicel over JCAR014, the impact of tisacel vs axicel became undetermined. Higher preleukapheresis LDH, largest lesion diameter, and lower ALC were independently associated with lower odds of CR. We conclude that CD19 CAR T-cell product type independently impacts toxicity and efficacy in R/R aggressive B-NHL patients.
Methylome and transcriptome analyses of three different degrees of albinism in apple seedlings
Authors: Sun Tingting , Zhang Junke , Zhang Qiang , Li Xingliang , Li Minji , Yang Yuzhang , Zhou Jia , Wei Qinping , Zhou Beibei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Leaf colour mutations are universally expressed at the seedling stage and are ideal materials for exploring the chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway, carotenoid metabolism and the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in plants.

Results
In this research, we analysed the different degrees of albinism in apple (Malus domestica) seedlings, including white-leaf mutants (WM), piebald leaf mutants (PM), light-green leaf mutants (LM) and normal leaves (NL) using bisulfite sequencing (BS-seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). There were 61,755, 79,824, and 74,899 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and 7566, 3660, and 3546 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in the WM/NL, PM/NL and LM/NL comparisons, respectively.

Conclusion
The analysis of the methylome and transcriptome showed that 9 DMR-associated DEGs were involved in the carotenoid metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. The expression of different transcription factors (TFs) may also influence the chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway, carotenoid metabolism and the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in apple leaf mutants. This study provides a new method for understanding the differences in the formation of apple seedlings with different degrees of albinism.