bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomarker prognostication across Universal Definition of Heart Failure stages
Authors: Mohebi Reza , Murphy Sean , Jackson Laurel , McCarthy Cian , Abboud Andrew , Murtagh Gillian , Gawel Susan , Miksenas Hannah , Gaggin Hanna , Januzzi James L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThe Universal Definition of Heart Failure (UDHF) provides a framework for staging risk for HF events. It is not clear whether prognostic biomarkers have different meaning across UDHF stages. We sought to evaluate performance of biomarkers to predict HF events among high‐risk patients undergoing coronary and/or peripheral angiography categorized into UDHF stages.MethodsOne thousand two hundred thirty‐five individuals underwent coronary and/or peripheral angiography were enrolled. Study participants were categorized into UDHF Stage A (at risk), Stage B (pre‐HF), and Stage C or D (HF, including end stage) and grouped into Stage A/B and C/D. Biomarkers and clinical variables were used to develop prognostic models. Other measures examined included total HF hospitalizations.ResultsOver a median of 3.67 years of follow‐up, 155 cardiovascular (CV) deaths occurred, and 299 patients were hospitalized with acute HF. In patients with Stage A/B, galectin‐3 (HR = 1.52, P = 0.03), endothelin‐1 (HR = 2.16, P = 0.001), and N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP; HR = 1.43, P < 0.001) were associated with incident CV death/HF hospitalization. In Stage C/D, NT‐proBNP (HR = 1.26, P = 0.006), soluble urokinase‐type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR; HR = 1.57, P = 0.007) and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP; HR = 1.15, P = 0.01) were associated with these outcomes. Higher biomarker concentrations were associated with greater total burden of HF events in Stages A/B and C/D.ConclusionsAmong higher risk individuals undergoing angiographic procedures, different biomarkers improve risk stratification in different UDHF stages of HF. More precise prognostication may offer a window of opportunity to initiate targeted preventive measures.
Liver tests and outcomes in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: findings from DAPA‐HF
Authors: Adamson Carly , Cowan Lorna M. , de Boer Rudolf A. , Diez Mirta , Drożdż Jarosław , Dukát Andre , Inzucchi Silvio E. , Køber Lars , Kosiborod Mikhail N. , Ljungman Charlotta E.A. , Martinez Felipe A. , Ponikowski Piotr , Sabatine Marc S. , Lindholm Daniel , Bengtsson Olof , Boulton David W. , Greasley Peter J. , Langkilde Anna Maria , Sjöstrand Mikaela , Solomon Scott D. , McMurray John J.V. , Jhund Pardeep S. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTAimsReflecting both increased venous pressure and reduced cardiac output, abnormal liver tests are common in patients with severe heart failure and are associated with adverse clinical outcomes. We aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of abnormal liver tests in ambulatory patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), explore any treatment interaction between bilirubin and sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and examine change in liver tests with SGLT2 inhibitor treatment.Methods and resultsWe explored these objectives in the Dapagliflozin And Prevention of Adverse outcomes in Heart Failure (DAPA‐HF) trial, with focus on bilirubin. We calculated the incidence of cardiovascular death or worsening heart failure by bilirubin tertile. Secondary cardiovascular outcomes were examined, along with the change in liver tests at the end‐of‐study visit. Baseline bilirubin was available in 4720 patients (99.5%). Participants in the highest bilirubin tertile (T3) have more severe HFrEF (lower left ventricular ejection fraction, higher N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide [NT‐proBNP] and worse New York Heart Association class), had a greater burden of atrial fibrillation but less diabetes. Higher bilirubin (T3 vs. T1) was associated with worse outcomes even after adjustment for other predictive variables, including NT‐proBNP and troponin T (adjusted hazard ratio for the primary outcome 1.73 [95% confidence interval 1.37–2.17], p < 0.001; and 1.52 [1.12–2.07], p = 0.01 for cardiovascular death). Baseline bilirubin did not modify the benefits of dapagliflozin. During follow‐up, dapagliflozin had no effect on liver tests.ConclusionBilirubin concentration was an independent predictor of worse outcomes but did not modify the benefits of dapagliflozin in HFrEF. Dapagliflozin was not associated with change in liver tests.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03036124.
Explicating the publication paradigm by bibliometric approaches: A case of interplay between nanoscience and ferroptosis
Authors: Huang Zhengwei , Wang Wenhao , Shu Lei , Guo Mengqin , Huang Ying , Wu Chuanbin , Pan Xin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundFerroptosis has been widely investigated as an emerging drug target, while its combination with nanoscience provides bourgeoning application prospects. The development of ferroptosis regulating nanomedicines have attracted worldwide attentions in recent years. It would be meaningful to describe the relevant publication paradigm.MethodsHerein, a bibliometric analysis was performed using the database of Web of Science Core Collection to clarify the publication paradigm. The development of related publications in the last 6 years was described, and the revolutionary trends were figured out. Ultimately, the possible future exploration directions were proposed.ResultsThe bibliometric analysis of 327 documents of interest indicated that the main research focus was in multiple fields including Materials science, Science & technology, Chemistry, and Pharmacology & pharmacy. With widely cooperation and strong funding, the researchers from Chinese organizations contributed most of publications, followed with United States and Australia. Cocitation analysis revealed that several original papers reported the key molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis were considered as the foundation for subsequent studies, and some nanomedicines‐related documents were taken as examples and discussed. Mining results showed that the mechanism evaluation of ferroptosis regulation therapy for cancer treatment was the hotspot. Then, several possible future explorations of ferroptosis‐related nanoscience were presented and discussed.ConclusionsThe bibliometric profile of nanoscience‐ferroptosis research was analyzed in detail. We believe that the bibliometric analysis could act as a robust method for explicating the publication paradigm as a certain field.
The effects of multi‐disciplinary integrated care on healthcare utilization: Evidence from a natural experiment in the UK
Authors: Goldzahl Léontine , Stokes Jonathan , Sutton Matt 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBetter integration is a priority for most international health systems. However, multiple interventions are often implemented simultaneously, making evaluation difficult and providing limited evidence for policy makers about specific interventions. We evaluate a common integrated care intervention, multi‐disciplinary group (MDG) meetings for discussion of high‐risk patients, introduced in one socio‐economically deprived area in the UK in spring 2015. Using data from multiple waves of the national GP Patient Survey and Hospital Episode Statistics, we estimate its effects on primary and secondary care utilization and costs, health status and patient experience. We use triple differences, exploiting the targeting at people aged 65 years and over, parsing effects from other population‐level interventions implemented simultaneously. The intervention reduced the probability of visiting a primary care nurse by three percentage points and decreased length of stay by 1 day following emergency care admission. However, since planned care use increased, overall costs were unaffected. MDG meetings are presumably fulfilling public health objectives by decreasing length of stay and detecting previously unmet needs. However, the effect of MDGs on health system cost is uncertain and health remains unchanged. Evaluations of specific integrated care interventions may be more useful to public decision makers facing budget constraints.
Non‐transplantable recurrence after percutaneous thermal ablation of ≤3‐cm HCC: Predictors and implications for treatment allocation
Authors: Gozzo Cecilia , Hermida Margaux , Herrero Astrid , Panaro Fabrizio , Cassinotto Christophe , Mohamad Azhar Meerun , Assenat Eric , Guillot Chloé , Allimant Carole , Schembri Valentina , Basile Antonio , Dharancy Sébastien , Ursic‐Bedoya José , Guiu Boris 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Percutaneous thermal ablation (PTA), resection, and liver transplantation are the standard curative options for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Liver transplantation yields the best long‐term outcomes but is limited by graft shortage. Thus, patients with ≤3‐cm HCC are primarily treated by PTA even though recurrence is frequent and may occur outside transplant criteria. Data on non‐transplantable recurrence (NTR) following PTA are lacking, however. We therefore investigated the incidence and predictors of NTR among 213 potentially transplantable patients (cirrhosis, 93%; Child‐Pugh A, 98.6%; alcohol‐related disease, 62%) with ≤3‐cm HCC(s) treated by PTA, to stratify them according to their NTR risk and to improve treatment allocation. During follow‐up (median: 41.2 months), NTR occurred in 18.3% (alpha‐fetoprotein [AFP] model) and 23% (Milan) patients. NTR prediction with competing‐risk analysis and internal validation revealed AFP > 100 ng/ml (subdistribution hazard ratio: 7.28; p < 0.001) and prior HCC (subdistribution hazard ratio: 3.77; p = 0.002) as independent predictors (Harrell's C: 0.76). Based on this model using the AFP score (equally predictive within Milan criteria), patients were stratified into three NTR risk categories: HCC‐naïve with AFP < 100 ng/ml (low risk, n = 108 of 213), non‐HCC naïve with AFP < 100 ng/ml (intermediate risk, n = 92 of 213), AFP ≥ 100 ng/ml (high risk, n = 13 of 213), among whom 9.3% (3.7% [Milan]), 22.8% (25% [Milan]), and 61.5% (38/5% [Milan]) presented NTR (p < 0.001). Median recurrence‐free survival was 4.6, 14.5, and 43.4 months, respectively, in high‐risk, intermediate‐risk, and low‐risk categories (p < 0.001). Median overall survival, which was 19.1 months in high‐risk patients, was not reached otherwise (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Overall, PTA of ≤3‐cm HCC incurs a low NTR risk. Simple and noninvasive predictors (HCC naivety, AFP) accurately stratified patients' risk of NTR, and should help to improve treatment allocation. Patients with AFP ≥ 100 ng/ml have a high risk of NTR, poor recurrence‐free survival, and overall survival. Further studies evaluating preemptive transplantation or adjuvant/neoadjuvant strategies are highly needed in this small patient subset.
How do investors price accrual risk during crises?
Authors: Alhenawi Yasser , Hassan M. Kabir 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUnder rational asset pricing theory, and in efficient, frictionless market, risk should be priced contemporaneously and, thus, the market meltdown during the COVID‐19 pandemic must have been a contingent valuation of newly created risk. In contrast, we find that the reduction in equity value during the pandemic was stronger for stocks with higher pre‐pandemic accrued risk. This lends support to the discrete pricing proposition, which is a form of behavioural bias where investors price accrued risk during significant corporate or macroeconomic events. Furthermore, we compare the pricing of accrued risk during the pandemic with the pricing of accrued risk during non‐pandemic events and during past financial crises. We report evidence that pricing of accrued risk results in a premium in normal times and a discount during financial turmoil. Finally, we report evidence that investors price accrued stocks discriminately, that is, they are more likely to price accrued risk of stocks of larger firms, smaller B/M, and weaker momentum. Several theoretical and practical implications are discussed inside the paper.
Electoral influences on the Brazilian B3 data correlation network
Authors: Cardoso Gerson N. , Silva Geraldo E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn any society, the relationship between economy and politics is characterized by controversy, enigmas and mysteries. Economic performance affects political results, and the political environment and its process produce financial results. Brazil was hit by economic and political crises from 2012 to 2016. Such crises made it possible to redesign the correlation network between the assets negotiated on the B3 (Brazil Stock Exchange and Over‐the‐Counter Market). This paper aimed to analyse the main aspects related to the topological structure of the assets negotiated on the B3 and its volatility between the pre‐and post‐2014 electoral periods. Results showed the hierarchical clusters and the evolution of the systemic risk, with the banks leading the concentration in the post‐electoral period. The closeness centrality indices for the minimum variance portfolios were modified by approximately 80% between the pre‐electoral and post‐electoral periods. It was concluded that the political events significantly changed the structure, the risk and the possibility of selecting assets for portfolios in the Brazilian market.
Colistin resistance screening by 3 μg/ml colistin agar in Carbapenemase‐producing Enterobacterales
Authors: Soria‐Segarra Claudia , Soria‐Segarra Carmen , Andrade‐Soriano Michelle , Quezada Tamara Nuñez , Gestal Monica C. , Gutierrez‐Fernandez Jose 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn low‐ and middle‐income countries, the use of colistin in therapeutic regimens is common, to treat infections produced for Carbapenemase‐producing Enterobacterales (CPE) due to limited access to the recently discovered‐approved antibiotics. Furthermore, the technical limitations to perform colistin susceptibility tests make it difficult to assess the suitability of this treatment for each patient, as well as to monitor the rates of resistance. In the present study, we describe the use of agar dilution using a unique colistin concentration of 3 μg/ml to discriminate isolates with colistin resistance in CPE obtained from clinical samples.MethodsClinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) colistin broth microdilution method and dilution agar with a colistin concentration of 3 μg/ml were performed in 168 isolates of CPE obtained from clinical samples in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Broth microdilution was considered our gold standard using CLSI breakpoints as reference (≤2 μg/ml intermediate and ≥4 μg/ml resistant). Categorical agreement was defined as obtaining a reading within the same category with both methodologies.ResultsIsolates obtained from respiratory samples were the most prevalent (26.19%; n = 44). Klebsiella pneumoniae was the predominant specie (94.04%; n = 158). KPC‐like carbapenemase was present in all the isolates, and interestingly, colistin resistance was not mediated by MCR‐1 production. Categorical agreement between both methods resulted in 97.02%.ConclusionWe propose the use of dilution agar with a colistin concentration of 3 μg/ml, as a valid method for screening colistin resistance in low‐ and middle‐income countries to monitor resistance and to perform epidemiological studies.
Fabrication of biogenic silver nanoparticles from Ficus religiosa bark extract and their application for chromium removal
Authors: Riaz Aqsa , Nosheen Sofia , Mughal Tahira Aziz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFicus religiosa bark extract was chosen as a reducing agent to fabricate biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which were used to treat chromium in synthetic wastewater. The AgNPs formed were characterized using ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy (UV–vis), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of AgNPs characterization showed that the UV–vis spectrophotometer gave an absorbance peak for AgNPs synthesized from bark extract at 448 nm. The peaks in the XRD pattern of AgNPs synthesized from the bark extract of Ficus religiosa are associated with that of the face‐centered‐cubic form of metallic silver. The SEM analysis showed clear spherical morphology of AgNPs. These synthesized AgNPs were applied for the removal of chromium from synthetic wastewater. It was seen from the treatment results that above 74.8% removal efficiency was achieved.Highlights
Green synthesis of nanoparticles using plant extracts and their successful application in various fields has been previously studied by various researchers.
Ficus religiosa bark extract was used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, which after characterization using ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction were used to treat chromium in synthetic wastewater prepared in lab.
The use of silver nanoparticles for the treatment of heavy metals in wastewater can be considered a good replacement option for the conventional treatment techniques.
Motivation and family communication in hereditary prostate cancer genetic testing: Survey of patients from a US tertiary medical center
Authors: Finn Caitlin M. , McCormick Shelley , Peterson Danielle , Niendorf Kristin B. , Rodgers Linda H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIdentification of a hereditary prostate cancer in an affected individual can guide treatment and may also impact cancer screening and surveillance for patients and their relatives. This study aimed to determine the factors that are associated with the decision‐making process of individuals with prostate cancer regarding whether to pursue genetic testing as well as how, why, and with whom genetic test results are shared. We surveyed 113 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer who received cancer genetic counseling through a United States tertiary medical center, inquiring about genetic testing motivations and family communication about results. Among those who pursued genetic testing, (1) learning about my family's possible cancer risk (98%), (2) learning information that may guide cancer treatment (93%), and (3) learning if I am at risk for future cancers (92%) were most frequently identified as slightly or very important factors in their decision. Participants shared their genetic test results in a higher proportion to male first‐degree relatives than female first‐degree relatives; however, no significant difference was found (p = 0.103). Our study may suggest sex differences related to family communication about genetic testing results. Such findings indicate a critical need for genetic counselors to clearly communicate the impact of genetic test results on both male and female relatives. Further research on motivation and family communication about genetic test results in diverse cohorts is needed.
Holocene carbon storage and testate amoeba community structure in treed peatlands of the western Hudson Bay Lowlands margin, Canada
Authors: Davies Marissa A. , Mclaughlin Jim W. , Packalen Maara S. , Finkelstein Sarah A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Hudson Bay Lowlands (HBL) stores a significant proportion of the northern peatland carbon pool, and constraints on the factors controlling local‐scale variation are needed to better predict soil carbon stocks. We investigated two treed peatland sites, a fen and a bog, to understand how local ecohydrological factors impacted long‐term carbon storage. Ecohydrological conditions were reconstructed using quantitative water table depth reconstructions from testate amoebae (TA) and broad peat type classifications. We also linked these factors and carbon storage to changes in TA community structure through the investigation of morphological and functional traits. Both sites have high rates of peat vertical accretion during the warmer Middle Holocene. A shift to a drier, Sphagnum‐dominated habitat after 7400 cal a
bp at the bog site, however, led to lower apparent carbon accumulation rates (aCARs) than at the fen site. aCARs decreased with the transition to a cooler Late Holocene climate at both sites. Both sites have higher total carbon masses (kg m−2) than other more open and younger HBL localities, demonstrating the potential importance of treed peatlands in regional carbon storage. Shifts in the frequency of TA traits corresponded to changing ecohydrological conditions and provided insights into the role of TA in carbon storage.
Green synthesis and antimicrobial mechanism of nanoparticles: applications in agricultural and agrifood safety
Authors: Guzmán‐Altamirano Miguel Ángel , Rebollo‐Plata Bernabe , Joaquín‐Ramos Ahuitzolt de Jesús , Gómez‐Espinoza María Guadalupe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe growing demand for food and its safety are a challenge for agriculture and agrifood. This has led to the incorporation of alternatives such as organic agriculture, the use of biocontrollers, the development of transgenic plants resistant to pathogens and the incorporation of nanotechnology. In this sense, agrochemicals based on nanoparticles (NPs) have been developed. Recently, the green synthesis of NPs has grown rapidly and, for this reason, molecules, microorganisms, fungi and plants are used. Synthesis from plant extracts offers a broad spectrum and, despite the fact that NPs are usually dispersed in size and shape, extensive antimicrobial effectiveness has been demonstrated at nanomolar concentrations. It has been shown that the mechanism of action can be through the dissipation of the driving force of the protons, the alteration of cellular permeability, the formation of bonds with the thiol group of the proteins, the generation of reactive species of oxygen, and the hyperoxidation of DNA, RNA and even the cell membrane. To improve the efficiency of NPs, modifications have been made such as coating with other metals, the addition of antibiotics, detergents and surfactants, as well as the acidification of the solution. Consequently, NPs are considered as a promising method for achieving safety in the agricultural and agrifood area. However, it is necessary to investigate the side effects of NPs, when applied in agroecological systems, on the textural, nutriment and sensory properties of food, as well as the impact on human health. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Fecal descriptor in honey: indole from a floral source as an explanation
Authors: Bonini Ana , Dellacassa Eduardo , Ares Gastón , Daners Gloria , Godoy Ana , Boido Eduardo , Fariña Laura 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundAnimal odor, is one of the most common aroma defects described in the honey odor aroma wheel. It comprises two secondary descriptors: ‘fecal’ and ‘cowshed’. However, the compounds responsible for these honey defects have not been fully identified. In this context, the aim of this work was to identify the compounds responsible for the aromatic defect ‘fecal’ in Uruguayan honeys by means of gas chromatography coupled to olfactometry (GC–O).ResultsSamples of honey described by beekeepers as having fecal aroma were analyzed by GC‐O and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Through GC–O, it was possible to establish the region of the chromatogram corresponding to the fecal descriptor, while the GC–MS analysis allowed to identify indole as the compound responsible for the fecal descriptor. The content of indole in the analyzed samples ranged between 132 and 414 μg kg−1. The melissopalynological analysis indicated the presence of Scutia buxifolia (‘quebracho’ or ‘coronilla’) pollen in all samples studied. The volatile profile of Scutia buxifolia flowers was evaluated during the full day, enabling the identification of indole as one of its components. The detection threshold value for indole in honey was experimentally determined as 64 μg kg−1 of honey, a value lower than the concentration found in the evaluated samples.ConclusionResults from the study allowed the identification of indole as the compound responsible for the ‘fecal’ aroma defect in Scutia buxifolia honeys. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.