bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term studies of mesosphere and lower-thermosphere summer length definitions based on mean zonal wind features observed for more than one solar cycle at middle and high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Jaen Juliana , Renkwitz Toralf , Chau Jorge L. , He Maosheng , Hoffmann Peter , Yamazaki Yosuke , Jacobi Christoph , Tsutsumi Masaki , Matthias Vivien , Hall Chris 
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Specular meteor radars (SMRs) and partial reflection radars (PRRs) have been observing mesospheric winds for more than a solar cycle over Germany (∼ 54∘ N) and northern Norway (∼ 69∘ N). This work investigates the mesospheric mean zonal wind and the zonal mean geostrophic zonal wind from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) over these two regions between 2004 and 2020.
Our study focuses on the summer when strong planetary waves are absent and the stratospheric and tropospheric conditions are relatively stable. We establish two definitions of the summer length according to the zonal wind reversals: (1) the mesosphere and lower-thermosphere summer length (MLT-SL) using SMR and PRR winds and (2) the mesosphere summer length (M-SL) using the PRR and MLS. Under both definitions, the summer begins around April and ends around middle September. The largest year-to-year variability is found in the summer beginning in both definitions, particularly at high latitudes, possibly due to the influence of the polar vortex. At high latitudes, the year 2004 has a longer summer length compared to the mean value for MLT-SL as well as 2012 for both definitions. The M-SL exhibits an increasing trend over the years, while MLT-SL does not have a well-defined trend. We explore a possible influence of solar activity as well as large-scale atmospheric influences (e.g., quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), major sudden stratospheric warming events). We complement our work with an extended time series of 31 years at middle latitudes using only PRR winds. In this case, the summer length shows a breakpoint, suggesting a non-uniform trend, and periods similar to those known for ENSO and QBO.
Decaying characteristics of severe cyclonic storms after landfall over east coast of India
Authors: SINGH CHARAN , BANDYOPADHYAY B. K. 
Published: January 2022

Severe tropical cyclones are responsible for large casualties and considerable damage to property and agricultural crop. After the landfall, the main damages from cyclones are due to strong wind. An attempt has been made in this paper to study the nature of decay of wind speed of tropical cyclones after landfall for the period 1990-2003. It is found that the maximum wind speed decreased exponentially after landfall. A severe cyclonic storm decay to cyclonic storm within 6 to 9 hours after landfall where as very severe cyclonic storm decay to severe cyclonic storm within 6 hours and to cyclonic storm within 15 hours after the landfall. The mean decay rate is found to be 0.46 for the first 6 hours and 0.59 for the subsequent 6 hours.
Contrasting pre-monsoon features associated with early and late onset of southwest monsoon over Kerala
Authors: PATTANAIK D. R. , JAYANTHI N. , MAZUMDAR A. B. 
Published: January 2022

Contrasting features pertaining to a year each of early monsoon (2004) and late monsoon onset (2003) are examined during the pre-monsoon season. The weekly evolution of low level winds during the month of May and the monthly features of middle and upper level winds, Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Precipitable water, Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) and mean sea level pressure gradients are analysed during both these years in the present study.
The result shows that during the early onset year of 2004 the low level wind indicates strong cross equatorial flow with cyclonic flow from the beginning of May associated with negative SST anomaly over the southern Arabian Sea; whereas, during the late onset year of 2003, the low level flow indicates weak cross equatorial flow persisting upto the first week of June associated with positive SST anomaly over the Arabian Sea. The middle and upper tropospheric flow indicate stronger Tibetan anticyclone during the month of May accompanied by very strong easterly anomalies during the early onset year of 2004 compared to that of late onset year 2003. The convective activity during May was stronger over the Indian region compared to that over the south China Sea during early onset year of 2004, which is just the opposite during the late onset year 2003. The precipitable water was higher than normal during May 2004 accompanied by very deep moist layer over the Indian region compared to that of May 2003. The meridional pressure gradient between southern and northern India were stronger than normal during the pre-monsoon months of April and May with earlier reversal of pressure gradients from winter to summer during the early onset year of 2004 compared to that of late onset year of 2003.
Absolute angular momentum generation & its vertical transport in the field of mid-tropospheric cyclones
Authors: BHAGAT D. K. U. R. 
Published: January 2022

A quasi-stationary synoptic system is usually seen on the weather charts during southwest monsoon period over the north-east Arabian Sea and adjoining area of Gujarat and north Konkan. The transport of absolute angular momentum, for the atmospheric weather systems, plays a significant role during the southwest monsoon period.
In this paper, the mean absolute angular momentum and its vertical transport associated with MTC have been discussed. The expected accumulation of momentum throughout the troposphere upto 800 km around the centre of MTC has been calculated and displayed. The transport of angular momentum to the underlying surface and momentum loss or gain has also been discussed. Estimates have been made of surface stress by means of angular momentum transferred.
The study reveals that the flux of angular momentum found to be dominated mostly between surface and 500 hPa and the values of shearing stress are positive from the centre of MTC to 500 km.
Bhartiya upmandalon mein 1987 ke dauran madhyam evam bheeshm sukha ke kshetriya vistar ka vargikaran
Authors: Singh Hari , Prasad Rajendera 
Published: January 2022

Based on a simple classification, analysis of aerial spread of moderate and severe drought during monsoon season (June – September) of 1987 has been carried out in 33 sub-divisions of India by using the cumulative weekly rainfall departures from the normal. Weather systems responsible for the activity and failure of monsoon have also been described. In this year, no weather system developed in the monsoon trough from July to September resulting in a very weak activity of monsoon surge. This was the main reason which led to large scale severe drought over India during 1987.
Widespread and fairly widespread severe drought occurred in maximum 35% and 25% sub-division of the country respectively. Fairly widespread moderate drought appeared in 20% sub-divisions during tenth, fourteenth and fifteenth week. Widespread severe drought emerged in Saurashtra and Kutch for a continuous longer duration of 16 weeks whereas fairly widespread moderate drought of longest duration of 10 weeks occurred in Kerala. The number of sub-divisions affected by moderate and severe drought of isolated category exceeded those under scattered, fairly widespread and widespread categories.
Correlation of internet addiction with academic performance and general health in undergraduate physiotherapy students
Authors: Naseem Aqsa , Hashmi Zeest , Arif Seemab , Razzaq Taiba , Shahzadi Nafisa 
Published: January 2022

There are billions of internet users now a days and this number is keep on increasing due to global digitalization. Mostly students are using internet for their study purpose but they are getting addicted to over use of internet other than study purpose. In long term this affects their academic performance as well as their health.Objective: To determine the correlation of internet addiction with academic performance and general health in undergraduate physical therapy students. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 345 physical therapy students of Lahore (Pakistan), who were selected via non- probability convenient sampling technique. Data was collected using Young's internet addiction and general health questionnaire and CGPA for academic performance. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21. Results: Correlation of internet addiction with general health and academic performance showed a significant association between internet addiction and general health. The p value was less than 0.05 which showed correlation between internet addiction and academic performance Conclusions: There seen a positive Correlation of internet addiction with academic performance and general health in undergraduate physical therapy students
Introduction
Authors: Mungons Kevin , Yeo Douglas 
Published: January 2022

Homer Rodeheaver’s brand of gospel songs became a commercial music force at the height of World War I, when print music and recorded music was marketed with genre labels like “hillbilly” and “race.” These categories influenced a generation of scholarship that searched for authenticity, a mythical roots music that was untainted by commerce. As a result, early gospel music studies examined folk spirituals and evangelical hymns, culminating in the performance styles of black gospel and southern gospel. Recent studies have expanded these interpretations to also study the influence of technology, the emerging music industry, and the impact of racial segregation. The authors of this Rodeheaver biography use newly discovered sources to understand his role as a trombone-playing revivalist songleader, motivated by his own evangelical religious devotion and passion for community singing.
Photographic Insights
Authors: Jeffery Brian 
Published: January 2022

Photographer Brian Jeffery looks at the role of witness when documenting practitioners as part of sacred ceremonies and rituals. Perspectives are also shared on the subjectivity of visual documentation through the photographic lens in addition to Jeffery's experiences with environmental portraiture to appropriately represent individuals in their communities. The chapter concludes with a brief summary of his conceptual development with utilizing his photographic source materials into the original artwork of photographic assemblages included in the numerous Secrets Under the Skin gallery installations.
Planos decenais de educação em municípios do interior paulista: análise do acompanhemnto e materialização das metas estruturantes
Authors: Nascimento Tatiane Oliveira Santos , Militão Silvio Cesar Nunes 
Published: January 2022

Neste texto relata-se resultados de pesquisa que teve como objetivo analisar o processo de monitoramento e avaliação atinente à implantação dos planos municipais de educação em 16 municípios jurisdicionados a um polo interiorano da União Nacional dos Dirigentes Municipais de Educação. Metodologicamente valeu-se de pesquisa documental, bibliográfica e estudo exploratório com base nos dados trazidos pela plataforma PNE em movimento, com indicadores das metas estruturantes do Plano Nacional de Educação para a garantia à educação básica com qualidade. Os resultados evidenciam que, nos municípios sob exame, está havendo um movimento posterior à elaboração dos subplanos para sua efetiva materialização.
Exploring the relationship between ADHD, its common comorbidities, and their relationship to organizational skills
Authors: Durand Guillaume , Arbone Ioana-Smarandita 
Published: January 2022

Background
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting numerous executive functioning skills, such as organizational skills. While the relationship between the inattention aspect of ADHD and poor organizational skills is well documented, it is still unclear if lower organizational skills are only associated with ADHD or if they are also associated with other comorbid disorders commonly diagnosed in conjunction with ADHD. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between organizational skills and ADHD in adults, as well as the impact of comorbid disorders on ADHD in relation to organizational skills.

Methods
Four hundred seven (n = 201 with a diagnosis of ADHD) adults from the general population were recruited online. Participants completed a measure of organizational skills, measures assessing levels of ADHD, depression, and anxiety, and extensive demographic information related to their diagnosis of ADHD or other possible diagnosis.

Results
Participants with a diagnosis of ADHD were significantly more likely to have a comorbid diagnosis of depression and/or anxiety. Organizational skills were significantly lower in individuals who reported having received a diagnosis of ADHD, but not in those with a past diagnosis of depression and anxiety. However, organizational skills were lower in individuals currently experiencing higher levels of depression and anxiety. The results of regression analyses suggest that levels of organizational skills are most strongly predicted by inattention and more weakly predicted by comorbid disorders.

Discussion
These results highlight the centrality of organizational skills deficit in ADHD as well as the influence of the inattention component over other components commonly observed in ADHD on organizational skills. Suggestions for treatment of ADHD in adults are discussed.
Residents’ Perception towards Beach Tourism Development in Sri Lanka
Authors: Kaluthanthri P. C. , Weerappuli U. 
Published: January 2022

Aims: This study aims to explore the relationship between residents’ perception of beach tourism and their support for beach tourism development. Specifically, the study examined the effects of residents’ perceptions on community participation and their support for beach tourism development. The mediation effect of community participation on residents’ perception of beach tourism and support for beach tourism was also investigated.
Study Design: This positivistic quantitative study was carried out based on the conceptual model developed on the theoretical foundation of Doxey's Irridex model and Social Exchange theory. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in Polhena beach, a village away from 160 km of Colombo, capital of Sri Lanka, during the period of March - September 2018.
Methodology: A total of 467 residents has been selected through the random sampling method. The model was analyzed based on the reflective research guidelines of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).
Results: It was confirmed that the perception of residents caused a significant impact on their community participation and support for beach tourism development. However, community participation does not create a meditation effect on support for beach tourism development. As such results reviled that support for tourism development is an outcome of the positive perceptions of the residents and they were also willing to join activities aimed at further tourism development. In this context, the study suggested that education and awareness programs on beach tourism would be an avenue to ensure the support of residents for beach tourism development.
Conclusion: The finding of the research validates the relationship between residents’ perception and support for beach tourism development. In this context, tourism development authorities need to design programmes to improve the positive perception of residents to ensure their support for beach tourism development. The results provide insight for policymakers of tourism to implement the strategic programme on residents ‘perception and their support of beach tourism development.
Association of Polygenic Risk Scores With Radiographic Progression in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Honda Suguru , Ikari Katsunori , Yano Koichiro , Terao Chikashi , Tanaka Eiichi , Harigai Masayoshi , Kochi Yuta 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate whether polygenic risk scores obtained using data from a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility can be predictors of radiographic progression.MethodsWe constructed polygenic risk scores using GWAS summary data on associations of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms with RA susceptibility. The polygenic risk scores were stratified into quintiles based on levels of significance (ranging from top quintile of polygenic risk scores to bottom quintile). In addition, change in the Sharp/van der Heijde score (SHS) of radiographic progression over the first 5 years after onset of RA was assessed. The change in SHS over 5 years was stratified according to quartiles, with the top quartile of change in SHS defined as severe radiographic progression (score change of >35 points) and the remaining 3 quartiles defined as nonsevere radiographic progression. Polygenic risk scores were assessed for their ability to predict the SHS status over 5 years in a training set (n = 500 RA patients) for selection of the best model, and in a testing set (n = 740 RA patients) for validation of the data. We evaluated the performance of the polygenic risk score as a predictor of severe radiographic progression in univariable and multivariable analyses with inclusion of other factors.ResultsPolygenic risk scores constructed from 43,784 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms significantly differed between patients who experienced severe radiographic progression and those with nonsevere radiographic progression in both the training set (P = 0.0064) and the testing set (P = 0.017). Patients with polygenic risk scores in the top quintile had a higher risk of severe progression compared to those with polygenic risk scores in the bottom quintile (odds ratio [OR] 1.90, P = 0.0022), and the risk of severe radiographic progression was even higher when restricted to patients who were younger at disease onset (OR 5.06, P = 0.00038). The group with polygenic risk scores in the top quintile and the anti–citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)–positive group had significantly higher proportions of patients with severe radiographic progression (P = 0.00052 and P = 0.0022, respectively) compared to the remaining groups. Multivariable analysis showed that polygenic risk score (P = 0.00019) as well as female sex (P = 0.0033), ACPA positivity (P = 0.0023), and body mass index (P = 0.024) were independent risk factors for severe radiographic progression.ConclusionA polygenic risk score that is derived from GWAS data on RA susceptibility is associated with the level of severity of radiographic progression in patients with RA.
Enhanced Surface Kinetics and Charge Transfer of BiVO4 Photoanodes by Rh2O3 Cocatalyst Loading for Improved Solar Water Oxidation
Authors: Gan Li Ting , Zhang Yang , Liu Peng Fei , Yang Hua Gui 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA Rh2O3/BiVO4 composite photoanode exhibits enhanced surface reaction kinetics and charge transfer efficiency, enabling a photocurrent density of ca. 3.5 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V (vs. RHE), which is about 3.89 times higher than that of the pristine BiVO4, with a lower onset potential of 0.29 V (vs. RHE).
Structural determination of model phospholipid membranes by Raman spectroscopy: Laboratory experiment
Authors: Giancaspro Joseph , Scollan Patrick , Rosario Juan , Miller Elizabeth , Braziel Samuel , Lee Sunghee 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn an upper‐division interdisciplinary laboratory experiment, students use Raman spectroscopy to highlight how the overall structure and conformational order of lipid bilayers can be influenced by their individual phospholipid composition. Students prepare a supported lipid bilayer, as a model cell membrane, by spreading liposomes made of various phospholipids on a solid support. The characterization of phospholipid bilayers, a major component of cellular membranes, can advance our fundamental understanding of important biological phenomena, with significant implications in various fields including drug delivery and development. We use Raman spectroscopy as an analytical tool to investigate the structural and packing properties of model cell membranes. The spectral frequency, intensity, and line‐width of lipid Raman bands are extremely sensitive to structural alterations. This experimental module effectively exposes students to the fundamentals of Raman spectroscopy and teaches students the importance of interdisciplinary education as they integrate concepts from chemical structure, molecular interactions, and analytical spectroscopic techniques to gain a more holistic understanding of biological membrane properties.
Examining the promotive versus the protective impact of culturally informed shift‐&‐persist coping in the context of discrimination, anxiety, and health behaviors
Authors: Christophe N. Keita , Martin Romero Michelle Y. , Stein Gabriela L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study aims to better understand how racially/ethnically minoritized youth exhibit adaptive psychological functioning (less anxiety) and health behaviors (better sleep and less binge drinking) in the context of discrimination, ethnic‐racial identity and coping. Among 364 minoritized emerging adults (Mage = 18.79, 85.2% female), we utilized higher‐order factor analysis to examine how culturally informed shift‐&‐persist (S&P), a higher‐order construct explaining associations between coping factors (shift, persist, spiritually based coping, civic engagement), and ethnic‐racial identity were related to anxiety, binge drinking, and sleep in the context of discrimination. Culturally informed S&P promoted better sleep and less anxiety controlling for discrimination. No significant effects were observed for binge drinking and no moderated effects were observed across outcomes. The harmful effect of discrimination on sleep was intensified for those with stronger ethnic‐racial identities. The promotive and potentially protective effects of culturally informed S&P coping differs across mental health and health behavior outcomes.