bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efflux-mediated ciprofloxacin and cefixime resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Mini Minsa , Sreekantan Abhirami P. , Manikandan Arya K. , Mohanan Archana G. , Khan Sajeeb , Kumar Praveen 
Published: October 2022

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative, motile and clinically relevant bacterium. It is a significant pathogen associated with immunosuppression, cystic fibrosis and malignancy. Infections due to multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa cause greater morbidity, death rate, and increased healthcare expenses. Drug efflux is a prevalent mechanism of antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa. The objective of the study was to analyze the antibiotic susceptibility profile of a clinical strain of P. aeruginosa (GC14) and to identify the mechanism of antibiotic resistance. The antibiotic resistance of GC14 was tested against 19 antibiotics using an antibiotic susceptibility test. A polymerase chain reaction-based strategy was employed to detect the presence of mexB, mexD and mexY efflux pump genes. The efflux pump inhibition assay was conducted to analyze the effect of efflux pumps on antibiotic resistance in GC14, using carbonyl cyanide m‑chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP) as an efflux pump inhibitor. The antibiotic susceptibility test confirmed that GC14 is multidrug-resistant and showed resistance to tetracycline, cefixime, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, meropenem, azithromycin, doxycycline, aztreonam, co-trimoxazole and gentamycin. The genes encoding transporter protein viz. mexB, mexD and mexY were amplified successfully from P. aeruginosa, revealing the presence of efflux pump genes. The data obtained from the efflux inhibition assay using CCCP showed that efflux pumps play a significant role in ciprofloxacin and cefixime resistance. The study emphasizes the importance of efflux pumps in antibiotic resistance and also confers the necessity of continuous surveillance and regular monitoring of the emergence of multidrug-resistant isolates of P. aeruginosa.
Histomorphological features of the thyroid gland in rats of different ages with alimentary-induced obesity
Authors: Yanko Roman , Levashov Mikhail 
Published: October 2022

The aim of the study was to compare histomorphological disorders of the thyroid gland in rats of different ages with alimentary-induced obesity. The study was carried out on male Wistar rats, aged six and 21 months. Alimentary obesity in animals was modelled by keeping them on a high-calorie diet (580 kcal 100 g‑1) for 12 weeks, with an excess content of fats and carbohydrates. Control animals were given a standard diet (330 kcal 100 g‑1). Histological preparations were made from thyroid tissue. Histomorphometry was carried out using the computer program “ImageJ”. It was revealed that a 3‑month high-calorie diet led to the appearance of pronounced histomorphological signs of thyroid hypofunction in rats. Intensive colloid resorption and a decrease in colloid area occurred in the gland. Devastated follicles were common. Thyrocytes acquired a prismatic shape. There was hyperplasia of the thyroid gland, which led to an increase in its size. The intensity of morphological disorders of the thyroid gland depended on the degree of obesity and had a distinct age-dependent character. In young rats, these changes were more pronounced than in older animals.
Analysis The Use Of Qawaid Fiqhiyyah In The Decree Of The Fatwa Of Aceh Islamic Scholar Consultative Assembly (MPU)
Authors: Nasution Liantha Adam 
Published: October 2022

Aceh is a province that has privileges compared to other regions in Indonesia, the privilege of Aceh is to be able to carry out the aspirations and dreams of the Acehnese people so that they carry out Islamic Sharia properly and are protected by state laws that will create a civil society based on the Kaffah Islamic Sharia. In compiling the Rules and Implementation based on Islamic Shari'ah, the Acehnese government established an institution that houses Aceh's Islmic scholars and has the authority to provide Islamic legal considerations in drafting Qanun and legal rules in Aceh, the institution is Aceh Islamic Scholar Consultative Assembly (MPU). The study uses a normative approach that focuses on the study of laws/regulations issued by Aceh Islamic Scholar Consultative Assembly by looking directly at the rules and classifying Fatwa, Ijma’a, Qiyas, and Aceh Islamic scholar’s views which will be deductively concluded. Based on the analysis of the legal products issued by Aceh Islamic Scholar Consultative Assembly, it is clear that the application of Qawaid Fiqh is considered and becomes a source of rules in decisions relating to Contemporary but the use of Qawaid Fqih in several Fatwas and Decrees is not clearly stated in the Qawaid Fiqh used.Keywords: Qawaid Fiqih, Fatwa, Islamic Scholar Consultative Assembly
New Experiment Demonstrates Transformation of Visible Photons into Other Visible Photons with Different Energy and Momentum
Authors: Wagner Dan 
Published: October 2022

A new experiment demonstrates that although mixed red and green wavelength photons may be perceived by the human eye as yellow, actual yellow wavelength photons are also produced. The experiment is easily repeatable and provides a basis for additional experimentation. The results raise a question as to the accuracy of element percentage predictions based on the intensity of spectrum lines. Other experiments with results supporting the transformation of photons with a given wavelength to photons with a different wavelength, such as the Compton Effect, are discussed. Also, Markarian 501 along with other Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) data are shown to perhaps be the first evidence that photons, like other particles, do not all travel at the same speed in a vacuum. If true, then photons can be treated as other quantum objects whose wavelengths are associated with both rest mass and speed. This possibility provided the motivation to conduct the new experiment.
Effects of Grass-Based Crop Rotation, Nematicide, and Irrigation on the Nematode Community in Cotton
Authors: Schumacher Lesley A. , Grabau Zane J. , Wright David L. , Small Ian M. , Liao Hui-Ling 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Plant-parasitic and free-living nematodes – bacterivores, fungivores, omnivores, predators – comprise the nematode community. Nematicide application and crop rotation are important tools to manage plant-parasitic nematodes, but effects on free-living nematodes and nematode ecological indices need further study. The nematicide fluopyram was recently introduced in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) production and its effects on the nematode community need assessment. This research was conducted in 2017 and 2018 at a long-term field site in Quincy, FL where perennial grass/sod-based (bahiagrass, Paspalum notatum) and conventional cotton rotations were established in 2000. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of fluopyram nematicide, crop rotation phase, and irrigation on free-living nematodes and nematode ecological indices based on three soil sampling dates each season. We did not observe consistent effects of crop rotation phase on free-living nematodes or nematode ecological indices. Only omnivores were consistently negatively impacted by fluopyram. Nematode ecological indices reflected this negative effect by exhibiting a degraded/ stressed environmental condition relative to untreated plots. Free-living nematodes were not negatively impacted by nematicide when sod-based rotation was used.
Transition to Climate Neutrality at University Campus. Case Study in Europe, Riga
Authors: Bumbiere Ketija , Barisa Aiga , Pubule Jelena , Blumberga Dagnija , Gomez-Navarro Tomas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
100 cities in Europe have committed to being pioneers and achieving climate neutrality by 2030. It is crucial to start with the decarbonization of cities because, although they cover only 3 % of the Earth’s land, they produce 72 % of all greenhouse gas emissions. This paper contributes to the city decarbonization research but on a smaller scale. We study the decarbonization potential of a university campus. It is a unique part of a larger urban area. It represents a cross-section of the population of different socio-economic backgrounds and ages, generating irregular schedules and constant movements of people and goods throughout the day. Riga Technical University is one of the pioneer universities in Latvia that has decided to achieve climate neutrality by 2030. This study aims to provide a qualitative review of the potential for improvements and describe the preliminary CO2 simulation model that includes Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 emissions. A particular challenge is the Scope 3 emissions, which focus on changing user habits. A survey of Riga Technical University students and employees was developed and conducted to analyse the most effective solutions for this type of emission. Survey results and future work recommendations are presented together with the model outline.
Estimation of mask effectiveness perception for small domains using multiple data sources
Authors: Sen Aditi , Lahiri Partha 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Understanding the impacts of pandemics on public health and related societal issues at granular levels is of great interest. COVID-19 is affecting everyone in the globe and mask wearing is one of the few precautions against it. To quantify people’s perception of mask effectiveness and to prevent the spread of COVID-19 for small areas, we use Understanding America Study’s (UAS) survey data on COVID-19 as our primary data source. Our data analysis shows that direct survey-weighted estimates for small areas could be highly unreliable. In this paper, we develop a synthetic estimation method to estimate proportions of perceived mask effectiveness for small areas using a logistic model that combines information from multiple data sources. We select our working model using an extensive data analysis facilitated by a new variable selection criterion for survey data and benchmarking ratios. We suggest a jackknife method to estimate the variance of our estimator. From our data analysis, it is evident that our proposed synthetic method outperforms the direct survey-weighted estimator with respect to commonly used evaluation measures.
The odd power generalized Weibull-G power series class of distributions: properties and applications
Authors: Oluyede Broderick , Moakofi Thatayaone , Chipepa Fastel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We develop a new class of distributions, namely, the odd power generalized Weibull-G power series (OPGW-GPS) class of distributions. We present some special classes of the proposed distribution. Structural properties, have also been derived. We conducted a simulation study to evaluate the consistency of the maximum likelihood estimates. Moreover, two real data examples on selected data sets, to illustrate the usefulness of the new class of distributions. The proposed model outperforms several non-nested models on selected data sets.
Estimation procedures for reliability functions of Kumaraswamy-G Distributions based on Type II Censoring and the sampling scheme of Bartholomew
Authors: Chaturvedi Aditi , Kumar Surinder 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we consider Kumaraswamy-G distributions and derive a Uniformly Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimator (UMVUE) and a Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) of the two measures of reliability, namely R(t) = P(X > t) and P = P(X > Y) under Type II censoring scheme and sampling scheme of Bartholomew (1963). We also develop interval estimates of the reliability measures. A comparative study of the different methods of point estimation has been conducted on the basis of simulation studies. An analysis of a real data set has been presented for illustration purposes.
Jackknife winsorized variance estimator under imputed data
Authors: Sohil Fariha , Sohail Muhammad Umair , Shabbir Javid , Gupta Sat 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the present study, we consider the problem of missing and extreme values for the estimation of population variance. The presence of extreme values either in the study variable, or the auxiliary variable, or in both of them, can adversely affect the performance of the estimation procedure. We consider three different situations for the presence of extreme values and also consider jackknife variance estimators for the population variance by handling these extreme values under stratified random sampling. Bootstrap technique ABB is carried out to understand the relative relationship more precisely.
Institutional equilibrium in EU economies in 2008 and 2018: SEM-PLS models
Authors: Borkowski Mateusz 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The aim of the research is to identify the strength and direction of the development of the relationship between formal and informal institutions and to assess the institutional equilibrium of modern economies. The structural equations modelling based on partial least squares (SEM-PLS) is applied to achieve the purpose of the article. It is an econometric method that allows the measurement and analysis of the dependencies between latent variables (measures that cannot be directly observed). The study included 27 EU economies and the research period covered the years 2008 and 2018. The results of the study demonstrate that the quality of informal institutions strongly, positively determines the quality of formal institutions. The conducted analyses indicate that modern economies are diversified in terms of the quality of informal and formal institutions and, consequently, in institutional equilibrium. Considerable institutional disparities also translate into a large diversification in economic development. The article proposes a different meaning of institutional equilibrium, understood as the achieved state of institutional structure characterised by high quality informal institutions which interact with each other to improve the efficiency of formal institutions. The article presents a comprehensive model of the institutional structure and a unique method of measuring institutional equilibrium.
Estimation of P(X ≤ Y) for discrete distributions with non-identical support
Authors: Choudhury Mriganka Mouli , Bhattacharya Rahul , Maiti Sudhansu S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Uniformly Minimum Variance Unbiased (UMVU) and the Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimations of R = P(X ≤ Y) and the associated variance are considered for independent discrete random variables X and Y. Assuming a discrete uniform distribution for X and the distribution of Y as a member of the discrete one parameter exponential family of distributions, theoretical expressions of such quantities are derived. Similar expressions are obtained when X and Y interchange their roles and both variables are from the discrete uniform distribution. A simulation study is carried out to compare the estimators numerically. A real application based on demand-supply system data is provided.
New polynomial exponential distribution: properties and applications
Authors: Beghriche Abdelfateh , Zeghdoudi Halim , Raman Vinoth , Chouia Sarra 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The study describes the general concept of the XLindley distribution. Forms of density and hazard rate functions are investigated. Moreover, precise formulations for several numerical properties of distributions are derived. Extreme order statistics are established using stochastic ordering, the moment method, the maximum likelihood estimation, entropies and the limiting distribution. We demonstrate the new family’s adaptability by applying it to a variety of real-world datasets.
Triads or tetrads? Comparison of two methods for measuring the similarity in preferences under incomplete block design
Authors: Zaborski Artur 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The measurement of preferences can be based on historical observations of consumer behaviour or on data describing consumer intentions. In the latter case, the measure-ment of preferences is performed using methods which express consumer attitudes at the time of research. However, most of these methods are very laborious, especially when a large number of objects is tested. In such cases incomplete analyses may prove useful. An incomplete analysis involves the division of objects into subgroups, so that each pair of objects appears at exactly the same frequency and all objects are in each subgroup.
The purpose of the work is to compare two incomplete methods for measuring the similarity of preferences, i.e. the triad method and the tetrad method. These methods can be used whenever similarities are measured on an ordinal scale. They have been com-pared in terms of their labour intensity and ability to map the known structure of ob-jects, even when all pairs of objects in subgroups cannot be presented equally frequent-ly.
Mediators and Moderators of Education Plus Exercise on Perceived Improvement in Individuals With Gluteal Tendinopathy: An Exploratory Analysis of a 3-Arm Randomized Trial
Authors: Mellor Rebecca , Kasza Jessica , Grimaldi Alison , Hodges Paul , Bennell Kim , Vicenzino Bill 
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE: To investigate mediators and moderators of effects of an education-plus-exercise program compared to corticosteroid injections or wait and see on perceived improvement in individuals with gluteal tendinopathy. METHODS: Exploratory analysis from a clinical trial (n = 204) comparing education plus exercise, corticosteroid injection, and wait and see on global rating of change at 52 weeks. Potential mediators measured at baseline and 8 weeks were hip active abduction range, abductor muscle torque, pain self-efficacy, pain constancy, and patient-specific function. Potential moderators at baseline were Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment for gluteal tendinopathy, menopausal status, symptom duration, magnetic resonance imaging–determined tendon pathology, and pain catastrophizing. RESULTS: There is evidence from mediation analysis that the beneficial effect of education plus exercise on global rating of change relative to corticosteroid injection or wait and see may be due to changes in patient-specific function (indirect effect relative risk; 95% CI: 1.14 [1.05–1.29], 1.29 [1.12–1.58], respectively), pain constancy (1.12 [1.03–1.27], 1.2 [1.08–1.41]), and pain self-efficacy (1.1 [1.02–1.25], 1.18 [1.04–1.44])—not active hip movement/muscle torque. Moderation analysis did not support our included patient characteristics. CONCLUSION: Education plus exercise is likely to improve global rating of change for persons with gluteal tendinopathy relative to corticosteroid injection and wait and see through improvements in patient-specific function, pain self-efficacy, and reduced pain constancy. We found no evidence of differences in the effect of education plus exercise in patient subgroups based on disability, menopausal status, symptom duration, tendon pathology, or pain catastrophizing. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(12):826–836. Epub: 17 October 2022. doi:10.2519/jospt.2022.11261
The Effect of Progressive Resistance Exercise on Knee Muscle Strength and Function in Participants with Persistent Hamstring Deficit Following ACL Reconstruction: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bregenhof Bo , Aagaard Per , Nissen Nis , Creaby Mark W. , Thorlund Jonas Bloch , Jensen Carsten , Torfing Trine , Holsgaard-Larsen Anders 
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of progressive resistance exercise compared with low-intensity home-based exercises on knee-muscle strength and joint function in people with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and persistent hamstring strength deficits at 12–24 months after surgery. DESIGN: Randomized controlled superiority trial with parallel groups, balanced randomization (1:1), and blinded outcome assessment. METHODS: People with ACL reconstruction (hamstring autograft) and persistent hamstring muscle strength asymmetry were recruited 1 to 2 years postsurgery and randomized to either 12 weeks of supervised progressive strength training (SNG), or 12 weeks of home-based, low-intensity exercises (CON). The primary outcome was between-group difference in change in maximal isometric knee flexor muscle strength at 12-week follow-up. RESULTS: Fifty-one participants (45% women, 27 ± 6 years) were randomized to SNG (n = 25) or CON (n = 26), with 88% follow-up rate at 12 weeks. People in the SNG group improved their knee flexor muscle strength (0.18 N·m/kg, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.07, 0.29; P = .002) more than the CON group, from baseline to 12 weeks. The SNG group also had superior Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores for Pain (4.6, 95% CI: 0.4, 8.7; P = .031) and daily living function (4.7, 95% CI: 1.2, 8.2; P = .010) compared to the CON group. CONCLUSION: In people with persistent hamstring muscle strength deficits after ACL reconstruction, 12 weeks of supervised progressive strength training was superior to low-intensity home-based exercises for improving maximal knee flexor muscle strength and some patient-reported outcomes. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2023;53(1):40–48. Epub: 17 October 2022. doi:10.2519/jospt.2022.11360
Microsurgical treatment of carotid body tumors using periadventitial dissection: Analysis of outcomes and prognostic factors in a neurological referral center
Authors: Degollado-García Javier , Medina-Pizarro Mauricio , Cano-Velazquez Gerardo , Balcázar-Padrón Juan C. , Gutierrez-Avila Oscar , Nathal Edgar 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Surgical resection for carotid body tumors (CBTs) is the gold standard of treatment and continues to be a challenging procedure, commonly associated with high vascular injury rates and neurological complications.

Methods:
It is a retrospective case series study between January 2002 and November 2020, with a mean follow-up of 29 months in a single nationwide referral center. Thirty-one patients diagnosed with a carotid body tumor and treated with microsurgical periadventitial resection were included in the study. Patients’ demographics, comorbidities, clinical, radiological factors, and tumor grade, evaluated by the Shamblin scale, were obtained. Statistical analysis was performed on all collected data.

Results:
In this study, we included 31 patients (32 tumors), 80% of the patients were female, and 20% were male, with a mean age of 53 years. One patient presented with bilateral lesions, while 17 tumors were located on the left side. The most frequent symptom was a painless, slow-growing neck mass in 74% of patients. Using the Shamblin classification, 13% of tumors were Grade I, 53% Grade II, and 34% Grade III. In the postoperative period, 3% of patients presented with permanent cranial nerve deficit, while none had vascular injuries or postoperative stroke. A tumor >5 cm increased the risk for nerve lesion by 11 times (OR 12.6, CI 95% 7.4-11.4, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Preoperative embolization followed by periadventitial resection by means of a microsurgical technique is a safe and effective approach to remove CBT, with 3% cranial nerve injury rate and no need for vascular sacrifice or reconstruction.