bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on the survival outcomes of elderly breast cancer: A retrospective cohort study based on SEER database
Authors: Wu Yunhao , Qi Yana , Yang Jiqiao , Yang Ruoning , Lui Weijing , Huang Ya , Zhao Xin , Chen Ruixian , He Tao , Lu Shan , Wang Zhu , Li Hongjiang , Sun Xin , Li Qintong , Zhou Li , Chen Jie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, the proportion of standard chemotherapy for elderly patients is much lower than that for young patients, with little evidence from clinical trials supporting the use of chemotherapy for elderly patients. The effectiveness of chemotherapy for the elderly suffering from breast cancer remains to be further verified.MethodsA total of 75,525 female breast cancer patients aged 70 years or older were hereby identified, all from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2016. Kaplan–Meier analysis and multivariable Cox proportional model were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of chemotherapy on overall survival (OS) and breast cancer‐specific survival (BCSS). Propensity score matching (PSM) (PSM ratio: 1:1, caliper: 0.2 standard deviation of propensity score) was applied to construct balanced cohorts with or without chemotherapy based on demographic and pathophysiological characteristics.ResultsA total of 33,177 eligible patients were included, with 5273 (15.89%) receiving chemotherapy. Through PSM, 8360 patients were successfully matched, and balances between groups were almost reached. In the matched data set, multivariable Cox analysis reveals that chemotherapy was associated with a 36% and 21% risk reduction on OS (HR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.71) and BCSS (HR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.91), respectively. Furthermore, subgroups with more adjacent lymph nodes involved by tumor, or nonluminal A, were inclined to benefit more from chemotherapy. Moreover, chemotherapy did not increase the chances of dying from heart disease.ConclusionsThe present study provided evidence that chemotherapy may improve the prognosis of elderly breast cancer, especially for those subpopulations that benefit more from chemotherapy treatment.
Online Calibration in Multidimensional Computerized Adaptive Testing with Polytomously Scored Items
Authors: Yuan Lu , Huang Yingshi , Li Shuhang , Chen Ping 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOnline calibration is a key technology for item calibration in computerized adaptive testing (CAT) and has been widely used in various forms of CAT, including unidimensional CAT, multidimensional CAT (MCAT), CAT with polytomously scored items, and cognitive diagnostic CAT. However, as multidimensional and polytomous assessment data become more common, only a few published reports focus on online calibration in MCAT with polytomously scored items (P‐MCAT). Therefore, standing on the shoulders of the existing online calibration methods/designs, this study proposes four new P‐MCAT online calibration methods and two new P‐MCAT online calibration designs and conducts two simulation studies to evaluate their performance under varying conditions (i.e., different calibration sample sizes and correlations between dimensions). Results show that all of the newly proposed methods can accurately recover item parameters, and the adaptive designs outperform the random design in most cases. In the end, this paper provides practical guidance based on simulation results.
Cold plasma disinfestation of Callosobruchus maculatus infested soybeans: Its subsequent impact on soymilk extraction yield and quality
Authors: Anbarasan Rajan , Boopathy Bhavadharini , Stephen Jaspin , Radhakrishnan Mahendran 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSoybeans play a vital role in the world economy as an essential food commodity by fulfilling human dietary needs. Hence, the seeds are commonly transported and stored in bulk quantities in various parts of the world which ultimately results in infestation issues. Callosobruchus maculatus is one of the major storage pests that infest the soybean seeds and cause losses in both the quantity and quality of the seeds. Cold plasma (CP) is an emerging non‐thermal disinfestation technique that can disinfest food grain. Hence, we have used low pressure (<2 mbar) CP at different voltages (1.0–2.0 kV) and exposure times (2–24 min) to disinfest the C. maculatus from soybeans. The maximum mortality of 100.00 ± 0.00%, 98.89 ± 1.92%, and 37.33 ± 8.08% was achieved in adult, pupae, and egg stage insects, respectively, after 24 min of prolonged CP exposure at 2.0 kV voltage. However, CP treatment (1.5 kV–18 min) induced only 11.11 ± 3.85% mortality in larval stage insects as they were well protected under soybean seed coat. During the experiment, we also identified the impact of insect sex and egg age on the CP treatment effectiveness. Further, we have also analyzed the egg‐producing capacity of CP‐treated adult insects before their death. Apart from disinfestation, the CP treatment also assisted the soymilk extraction and increased the extraction yield from 92.44 ± 1.02% (control) to 97.22 ± 0.19% after CP treatment (2.0 kV–12 min). Nevertheless, the FTIR and SDS PAGE results had not shown any changes in the quality of soymilk extracted after CP treatment.Practical applicationsSince the lab scale study was found to be effective against most of the C. maculatus life stages, it is possible to adapt the CP for large‐scale disinfestation applications with essential modifications (i.e., pressure, conveyors) in the system's designs. Apart from that, CP also modifies the surface nature of the grains, hence the treatment also assists in increasing the extraction yield (milk, oil, and protein) and germination percentage of food grains.
Insomnia with objective short sleep duration in community‐living older persons: A multifactorial geriatric health condition
Authors: Miner Brienne , Doyle Margaret , Knauert Melissa , Yaggi Henry Klar , Stone Katie L. , Ancoli‐Israel Sonia , Cauley Jane A. , Redline Susan , Blackwell Terri , Gill Thomas M. ,   for the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) and the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) Research Groups
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundInsomnia or poor sleep quality with objective short sleep duration (hereafter referred to as ISSD) has been identified as a high‐risk phenotype among middle‐aged persons. We evaluated the prevalence and clinical correlates of ISSD among community‐living older persons.MethodsIn 3053 men from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Sleep Study (MrOS; average age 76.4 ± 5.5 years) and 3044 women from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF; average age 83.6 ± 3.8 years), we evaluated the prevalence of ISSD (trouble getting to sleep within 30 minutes, waking up in the middle of the night or early morning, and/or taking a medication to help with sleep ≥3 times per week and actigraphy‐estimated sleep duration <6 h). Using separate logistic regression models in men and women, we evaluated the cross‐sectional associations between predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors for ISSD, as compared with normal sleep (no insomnia and actigraphy‐estimated sleep duration of 6–9 h).ResultsOverall, 20.6% of older men and 12.8% of older women had insomnia with short sleep duration. Multiple predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors were cross‐sectionally associated with ISSD in both men and women. In multivariable models that adjusted for predisposing factors (demographics, multimorbidity, obesity), precipitating (depression, anxiety, central nervous system‐active medication use, restless legs syndrome) and perpetuating (napping, falls) factors were significantly associated with ISSD in men and women (adjusted odds ratios ranging 1.63–4.57).ConclusionsIn this cross‐sectional study of community‐living older men and women, ISSD was common and associated with multiple predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors, akin to a multifactorial geriatric health condition. Future work should examine causal pathways and determine whether the identified correlates represent modifiable risk factors.
Investigating ‘treat culture’ in a secure care service: a study of inpatient NHS staff on their views and opinions on weight gain and treat giving for patients in a forensic secure care service
Authors: Attala Anita , Smith Jo , Lake Amelia A. , Giles Emma 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundObesity is a significant health inequality within forensic secure care mental health/learning disability inpatient settings. Patients may be at increased risk of developing preventable long‐term conditions/premature death. This study investigated staff views on patient weight gain, how it affects patients and how to better manage patient weight in this setting. Furthermore, the research explored the culture of food being used as a ‘treat’ and the perceived impact of ‘treats’ on weight.MethodsA two‐phase mixed methods approach was taken to explore staff views on patient weight gain and the ‘treat’ culture on adult forensic secure care inpatient wards in one NHS Mental Health Trust in the north‐east of England. Phase one was an online survey, and phase two consisted of semi‐structured qualitative interviews. The quantitative survey data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Thematic analysis was used for the open‐ended survey questions and interview data.ResultsThe survey had 49 responses out of a possible 380 (13%). Ninety‐two per cent of staff participants viewed patient weight gain as an area for concern, citing a range of reasons for weight gain. Weight gain was considered a risk to developing long‐term health conditions and poor mental health. Nine participants were interviewed. Six themes were identified suggesting why patients might gain weight in forensic secure care, for example, patient history, staff behaviours, the surrounding ‘treat’ culture in this environment, along with suggestions of what could be improved to manage patient weight.ConclusionsPeople detained in forensic secure care may be more at risk of weight gain due to their history, the secure care environment and the ‘treat’ culture adopted in these environments.
Implementation considerations of deprescribing interventions: A scoping review
Authors: Wang Jinjiao , Shen Jenny Y. , Conwell Yeates , Podsiadly Eric J. , Caprio Thomas V. , Nathan Kobi , Yu Fang , Ramsdale Erika E. , Fick Donna M. , Mixon Amanda S. , Simmons Sandra F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOver half of older adults experience polypharmacy, including medications that may be inappropriate or unnecessary. Deprescribing, which is the process of discontinuing or reducing inappropriate and/or unnecessary medications, is an effective way to reduce polypharmacy. This review summarizes (1) the process of deprescribing and conceptual models and tools that have been developed to facilitate deprescribing, (2) barriers, enablers, and factors associated with deprescribing, and (3) characteristics of deprescribing interventions in completed trials, as well as (4) implementation considerations for deprescribing in routine practice. In conceptual models of deprescribing, multilevel factors of the patient, clinician, and health‐care system are all related to the efficacy of deprescribing. Numerous tools have been developed for clinicians to facilitate deprescribing, yet most require substantial time and, thus, may be difficult to implement during routine health‐care encounters. Multiple deprescribing interventions have been evaluated, which mostly include one or more of the following components: patient education, medication review, identification of deprescribing targets, and patient and/or provider communication about high‐risk medications. Yet, there has been limited consideration of implementation factors in prior deprescribing interventions, especially with regard to the personnel and resources in existing health‐care systems and the feasibility of incorporating components of deprescribing interventions into the routine care processes of clinicians. Future trials require a more balanced consideration of both effectiveness and implementation when designing deprescribing interventions.
Genome‐wide RAD sequencing data suggest predominant role of vicariance in Sino‐Japanese disjunction of the monotypic genus Conandron (Gesneriaceae)
Authors: Ling Shao‐Jun , Yao Xiao‐Lan , Caujapé‐Castells Juli , López‐Pujol Jordi , Tan Ke , Ren Ming‐Xun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDisjunct distribution is a key issue in biogeography and ecology, but it is often difficult to determine the relative roles of dispersal vs. vicariance in disjunctions. We studied the phylogeographic pattern of the monotypic Conandron ramondioides (Gesneriaceae), which shows Sino‐Japanese disjunctions, with ddRAD sequencing based on a comprehensive sampling of 11 populations from mainland China, Taiwan Island, and Japan. We found a very high degree of genetic differentiation among these three regions, with very limited gene flow and a clear Isolation by Distance pattern. Mainland China and Japan clades diverged first from a widespread ancestral population in the middle Miocene, followed by a later divergence between mainland China and Taiwan Island clades in the early Pliocene. Three current groups have survived in various glacial refugia during the Last Glacial Maximum, and experienced contraction and/or bottlenecks since their divergence during Quaternary glacial cycles, with strong niche divergence between mainland China + Japan and Taiwan Island ranges. Thus, we verified a predominant role of vicariance in the current disjunction of the monotypic genus Conandron. The sharp phylogenetic separation, ecological niche divergence among these three groups, and the great number of private alleles in all populations sampled indicated a considerable time of independent evolution, and suggests the need for a taxonomic survey to detect potentially overlooked taxa.
How long does a brachiopod shell last on a seafloor? Modern mid‐bathyal environments as taphonomic analogues of continental shelves prior to the Mesozoic Marine Revolution
Authors: Tomašových Adam , García‐Ramos Diego A. , Nawrot Rafał , Nebelsick James H. , Zuschin Martin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCarbonate skeletal remains are altered and disintegrate at yearly to decadal scales in present‐day shallow‐marine environments with intense bioerosion and dissolution. Present‐day brachiopod death assemblages are invariably characterized by poor preservation on continental shelves, and abundant articulated shells of brachiopods with complete brachidia are thus not expected to be preserved if not rapidly buried. However, such preservation is paradoxically observed in shallow‐water Palaeozoic and Mesozoic brachiopod assemblages. Here, we show that a bathyal death assemblage time‐averaged to several millennia (Adriatic Sea) consists of sediment‐filled articulated shells of Gryphus vitreus with complete brachidia. Post‐mortem age distributions indicate that disintegration half‐lives exceed several centuries (c. 500–1700 years). The high frequency of articulated but centuries‐old shells (>50%) and the fitting of taphonomic models to post‐mortem ages indicate that disarticulation half‐life is unusually long (c. 200 years). Rapid sediment filling of shells: (1) inhibited disarticulation, loop fragmentation and colonization by coelobites; and (2) induced precipitation of ferromanganese oxides at redox fronts within shells. Sediment‐filled articulated shells, however, still resided at the sediment–water interface as indicated by encrusters and sponges that infested them after death. Sediment‐filled shells disintegrated through bioerosion and physical wear when residence in the taphonomically active zone exceeded c. 2000 years. We suggest that the articulation paradox is driven by the Mesozoic Marine Revolution (MMR) that escalated predation, bioturbation and organic matter recycling, all intensifying shell disintegration. A scenario with slow disarticulation in bathyal environments may have lead to preservation of articulated shells in shallow‐water assemblages prior to the MMR.
Cutaneous lesions and mitochondrial hearing loss: A case report
Authors: Moreno‐Artero Ester , Imizcoz Teresa , Prieto Carlos , Manrique Raquel , González‐Cañete Marta , Manrique Manuel , Torrelo Antonio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPathogenic sequence changes in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are one of the most common causes of genetic hearing loss. We report an infant with palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, extrapalmoplantar cutaneous features and mitochondrial sensorineural hearing loss caused by the previously reported pathogenic NC_012920:m.7445A > G sequence change in the mitochondrial gene COX1 (COX1, MT‐CO1). Next generation sequencing‐ based technology was key for the diagnosis and management of this patient.
Evaluation of Antifungal Activity and Potential Application as Fluorescent Probes of Indolenine and Benzo[e]Indole‐Based Squarylium Dyes
Authors: Gomes Vanessa S. D. , Ferreira João C. C. , Boto Renato E. , Almeida Paulo , Fernandes José R. , Sousa Maria João , Reis Lucinda V. , Gonçalves M. Sameiro T. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe antifungal performance and the possible use as fluorescent probes of a series of squarylium dyes derived from indolenine and benzo[e]indole previously synthesized was evaluated. Some photophysical properties were performed in ethanol and phosphate buffer, and the type of aggregates form in phosphate buffer was analyzed. Using the 1,3‐diphenylisobenzofuran assay, a qualitative assessment of the capacity of dyes to produce singlet oxygen after irradiation was performed. Regarding the antifungal activity, this was studied through a broth microdilution assay using Saccharomyces cerevisiae PYCC 4072 as a biological model. The effect of irradiation of the dyes, with an appropriate light emitting diode system, on the antifungal activity was also evaluated, and it was verified that some of the dyes improve their activity after irradiation. Using fluorescence microscopy techniques, the colocalization of dyes in S. cerevisae cells was investigated and it was possible to verify that some of the squarylium dyes with a barbituric moiety in the four‐membered central ring stained and accumulated preferentially in the mitochondrial web and perinuclear membrane of the cells. The possible use as a fluorescent probe for the detection of HSA was also evaluated for one of the dyes of the series, demonstrating a linear variation in the fluorescence intensity accompanied by the increase in the protein concentration.
Impact of the person‐centred intervention guided self‐determination across healthcare settings—An integrated review
Authors: Linnet Olesen Mette , Jørgensen Rikke 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo review the evidence of the existing literature on the impact of guided self‐determination across methodologies in different healthcare settings.MethodsAn integrated five‐stage review.ResultsForty‐five eligible papers were included. Guided self‐determination was applied in full‐ or small‐scale, or combined with another intervention or approach in different healthcare settings handling, for example diabetes, stroke survivorship, schizophrenia, attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder and medical disorder, gynaecological and breast cancer, endometriosis, persons with chronic pain, persons in haemodialysis and intensive care survivors. The included studies covered 12 randomised trials, 26 qualitative and seven papers of different methodology. A statistically significant effect was found in three trials. Six main themes describe the qualitative findings across papers on patients: (1) Guided self‐determination reduces disease‐related loneliness, (2) Insight enables integration of life and disease, (3) Reflection sheets—appreciated but challenging tool to prompt insights and person‐specific knowledge, (4) New person‐specific knowledge enables person‐centred support, (5) Feeling seen and believed in a new and trusted relationship and (6) Exchange of knowledge enables the development of life skills. Four themes describe the healthcare professionals' experience: (1) Change of usual practice—a decision from above, (2) A new role—unlearning previous behaviour and need for support, (3) Reflection sheets as facilitators and barriers and (4) Discovering the benefits of changing to a person‐centred approach.ConclusionOverall, guided self‐determination proved to have a great impact on patient important outcomes and was useful and well‐accepted by the majority of patients and healthcare professionals. Albeit guided self‐determination is not a ‘one size fits all’ method. Continuous training and supervision of professionals are a necessary mean when implementing guided self‐determination to enhance adoption and sustainability in clinical practice.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Education and Training Studies, Vol. 11, No. 1
Authors: Smith Robert 
Published: December 2022

Journal of Education and Training Studies (JETS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JETS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 1 Akın Metli, Bilkent Erzurum Laboratory School (BELS), TurkeyAlphonce John Amuli, ADEM, TanzaniaChris Mutseekwa, Bindura University of Science Education, ZimbabweFroilan D. Mobo, Philippine Merchant Marine Academy, PhilippineHassan Shaaban, Atomic energy Authority, EgyptHossein Chaharbashloo, Kharazmi University, IranIntakhab Khan, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaJohn Cowan, Edinburgh Napier University, UKJohn Mark Asio, Gordon College, PhilippinesKendall Hartley, University of Nevada, USAKeyla Ferrari Lopes, UNICAMP, BrazilLisa Marie Portugal, American College of Education, USAMaria Rosa M. Prado, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, BrazilNiveen M. Zayed, MENA College of Management, JordanRichard Penny, University of Washington Bothell, USASadia Batool, Karakoram International University, PakistanSamah El-Sakka, Suez University, EgyptStamatis Papadakis, University of Crete, GreeceThada Jantakoon, Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University, Thailand Robert SmithEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Journal of Education and Training StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAE-mail 1: jets@redfame.comE-mail 2: jets@redfame.orgURL: http://jets.redfame.com
Power Pulsation Between Synchronous Generators
Authors: Warming Troels 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The power pulsation between synchronous generators depends on how close the system is to resonance with disturbing impulses. These impulses originate, in most cases, from four-cycle engines on the network. The reason is that such engines give a very low disturbing frequency, since an unbalanced torque will give only one impulse for every two revolutions. This frequency will often be close to the natural frequencies of a system of several generators in parallel. Consequently, it is necessary to find these natural frequencies and if we are close to resonance to calculate the power pulsation. In this paper is given a graphical method for finding the natural frequency of any number of generators running in parallel. An estimate is made of the unbalanced torque which may be expected from an internal-combustion engine. Based on this the power pulsation is computed. A simple formula is given for the case with only two generators in parallel, and it is shown how a system of several generators may be reduced to an equivalent system of only two. Of particular interest is the influence of the damping on a vibrating system of this kind. This is illustrated by an example with three generators. According to the customary calculations, the parallel operation in this particular case should be very difficult. The damping, however, changes the form of vibration to an extent that operation is deemed safe.