bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spinal metastases of bronchopulmonary cancers: interest of balloon kyphoplasty in the control of mechanical rachialgia
Authors: Faye Mohameth , Barry Louncény Fatoumata , Sy El Hadji Cheikh Ndiaye , Kaya Jean-Marc , Diallo Moussa , Ilunga Roger Mulumba , Wague Daouda , Cisse Yakhya , Koumare Izoudine Blaise , Roche Pierre Hugues 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Spinal metastases are a classic complication of lung cancer. New palliative treatment modalities have emerged. Among them are minimally invasive approaches such as balloon kyphoplasty. With the aim of evaluating the efficiency of balloon kyphoplasty in the control of spinal pain during these lesions, we report a series of 24 patients.

Methods and materials
Over a period of 6 years, we retrospectively studied 24 files of patients suffering from vertebral compression of metastatic pulmonary origin and treated by balloon kyphoplasty from January 2009 to December 2014 in the neurosurgery department of the North Hospital of Marseille (France).

Results
The mean age was 66.2 years (39–80 years) with a sex ratio of 5. Dorsal location was predominantly 17 cases. Balloon kyphoplasty involved one level in 14 patients. The general condition (Karnofski) was bad in 16 patients. Survival prediction was less than 6 months in 22 patients. The indication was mainly pain with a mean visual analog scale of 7.7. The evolution was marked by the regression of the painful symptomatology in all patients with a mean visual analog scale of 2.2 postoperatively. Postoperative complications were noted in two cases (pulmonary embolism, compression of the left iliac vein).

Conclusion
Our short series shows the efficacy and low morbidity of balloon kyphoplasty in the control of spinal pain secondary to vertebral metastases of bronchopulmonary cancers.
Flexible minimally invasive coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) measurement method with tapered optical fiber probe for single-cell application
Authors: Wang Tong , Jiang Junfeng , Liu Kun , Wang Shuang , Niu Panpan , Liu Yize , Liu Tiegen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe proposed and demonstrated a flexible, endoscopic, and minimally invasive coherent anti-Raman Stokes scattering (CARS) measurement method for single-cell application, employing a tapered optical fiber probe. A few-mode fiber (FMF), whose generated four-wave mixing band is out of CARS signals, was selected to fabricate tapered optical fiber probes, deliver CARS excitation pulses, and collect CARS signals. The adiabatic tapered fiber probe with a diameter of 11.61 μm can focus CARS excitation lights without mismatch at the focal point. The measurements for proof-of-concept were made with methanol, ethanol, cyclohexane, and acetone injected into simulated cells. The experimental results show that the tapered optical fiber probe can detect carbon-hydrogen (C–H) bond-rich substances and their concentration. To our best knowledge, this optical fiber probe provides the minimum size among probes for detecting CARS signals. These results pave the way for minimally invasive live-cell detection in the future.
Omicron-included mutation-induced changes in epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and effectiveness assessments of current antibodies
Authors: Guo Du , Duan Huaichuan , Cheng Yan , Wang Yueteng , Hu Jianping , Shi Hubing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is spreading globally and continues to rage, posing a serious threat to human health and life quality. Antibody therapy and vaccines both have shown great efficacy in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19, whose development progress and adaptation range have attracted wide attention. However, with the emergence of variant strains of SARS-CoV-2, the neutralization activity of therapeutic or vaccine-induced antibodies may be reduced, requiring long-term virus monitoring and drug upgrade in response to its evolution. In this paper, conformational changes including continuous epitopes (CPs), discontinuous epitopes (DPs) and recognition interfaces of the three representative SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (SP) mutants (i.e., the Delta (B.1.617.2), Mu (B.1.621) and Omicron (B.1.1.529) strains), were analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of current mainstream antibodies. The results showed that the conformation of SP wild type (WT) and mutants both remained stable, while the local antigenic epitopes underwent significant changes. Sufficient flexibility of SP CPs is critical for effective antibody recognition. The DPs of Delta, Mu and Omicron variants have showed stronger binding to human angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (hACE2) than WT; the possible drug resistance mechanisms of antibodies against three different epitopes (i.e., NTD_DP, RBD1_DP and RBD2_DP) were also proposed, respectively; the RBD2 of Delta, NTD of Mu, NTD and RBD2 of Omicron are deserve more attention in the subsequent design of next-generation vaccines. The simulation results not only revealed structural characteristics of SP antigenic epitopes, but also provided guidance for antibody modification, vaccine design and effectiveness evaluation.
Sigma Alpha Elsinore
Authors: Wilson Jeffrey R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractClaudius likes to party—a bit too much. He frequently binge drinks, is arguably an alcoholic, but is not an aberration. Hamlet says that Denmark is internationally known for heavy drinking. That’s what Shakespeare would have heard in the sixteenth century. By the seventeenth, English writers feared that Denmark had taught their own nation its drinking habits. Synthesizing criticism on alcoholism as an individual problem in Shakespeare’s texts and times with scholarship on national drinking habits in the early modern age, this essay asks what the tragedy of alcoholism looks like when located not on the level of the individual but on the level of a culture, as Shakespeare depicts in Hamlet. Our window into these early modern cultures of drunkenness is sociological studies of American college fraternities plus social-learning theories that explain how one person—one culture—teaches another its habits. For Claudius’s alcoholism is both culturally learned and culturally significant. And, as in fraternities, alcoholism in Hamlet is bound up with ethnicity, wealth, masculinity, and tragedy. Thus alcohol imagistically reappears in key moments of Hamlet—the vial of “cursed hebona,” Ophelia’s liquid death, and the poisoned cup in the final scene—that stand out in recent performances and adaptations with alcoholic Claudiuses and Gertrudes.
Just In Time
Authors: Stephens Michelle 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In the early 2000s, Dipesh Chakrabarty powerfully defined the historical terms at stake in the shift from the postcolonial to the Anthropocene era, arguing that the posthuman image of a world without us profoundly contradicts historical practices for visualizing time. The notion of history that his essay foregrounded, however, can itself be historicized as a fantasy of modernity, one Édouard Glissant described as “History [with a capital H].” Using Glissant’s psychoanalytically inflected insights as a starting point, this article argues that our dominant modes of historical thinking are always already colored by the anxieties and neurotic symptoms of the colonialist viewer. The argument then traces experimental hypotheses regarding the near and deep history of the human by key figures from the late nineteenth through the early twenty-first centuries—such as Sigmund Freud and Octave Mannoni, Paul Gilroy and Sylvia Wynter, and Frank Wilderson and Bruno Latour—as they grapple with two intimations: that the subject picturing a “world without us” is neurotic and that alternative historical sensibilities may lie on the other side of our apocalyptic imagination of the “end of the world.”
Milrinone vs norepinephrine administration in preventing delayed cerebral ischaemia in cerebral vasospasm: a systematic review
Authors: Dooley Rachael , Nugent Linda , Moore Zena , Patton Declan , O'Connor Tom 
Published: April 2022

Background:Subarachnoid haemorrhage is a form of stroke, classified as traumatic or aneurysmal in origin. Subarachnoid haemorrhage from aneurysmal rupture can cause significant side effects—most frequently, cerebral vasospasm, which increases the risk of developing delayed cerebral ischaemia. Medical and endovascular interventions differ between institutions and regions. However, the most common intervention is medication management with milrinone and norepinephrine.Aims:This systematic review determines the effectiveness of milrinone versus norepinephrine administration in preventing delayed cerebral ischaemia in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage patients with cerebral vasospasm.Methods:Critical appraisal of 13 studies, consisting of randomised controlled trials, prospective/retrospective case series and reports and cross setional studies, was conducted.Findings:There was considerable variation in dosing and co-interventions for both milrinone and norepinephrine administration. Some 11 studies agreed milrinone was more beneficial in increasing cerebral blood flow than norepinephrine. For milrinone, good functional outcomes were identified in 60–100% of assessed populations, compared to 44–64% with norephinephrine. For both medications poor outcomes related to an increased severity of haemorrhage. Adverse effects following milrinone administration were seen in three studies, but were deemed negligible compared to treatment benefit. Only one norepinephrine study reported severe adverse events.Conclusions:Milrinone appears to be more beneficial than norepinephrine in preventing delayed cerebral ischaemia, improving functional outcomes and causing less adverse effects. Owing to the low quality of evidence supporting milrinone use in subarachnoid haemorrhgae, further research is needed.
Método ABN como alternativa matemática de impacto positivo en el rendimiento y en la memoria de trabajo
Authors: GONZÁLEZ FLOREZ Carlos 
Published: April 2022

La palabra “Matemáticas” supone para la mayoría de las personas y sobretodo estudiantes un compendio de ideas prefijadas negativas: difíciles, abstractas, incomprensibles, e incluso, generadoras de ansiedad. Generación tras generación se ha empleado el método tradicional sin cuestionarlo en exceso, cuyo tratamiento del número se hace de forma cerrada basada en cifras, exigiendo una abstracción por encima de las posibilidades del alumnado en determinados momentos, mientras que en otros no aprovecha sus habilidades innatas, no existe un equilibrio en este sentido. Estas matemáticas que tienen cabida en la escuela tradicional, además de como se ha indicado, capaces saturar de la memoria de trabajo, están centradas en quehaceres mecánicos, reduciendo considerablemente el razonamiento. Por ello se propone un Proyecto de Investigación basado en un método alternativo al tradicional, llamado Método ABN. Valorando su influencia en el rendimiento matemático del alumnado de 3º de EPO, así como su impacto en el nivel de memoria de trabajo, considerando esta función ejecutiva mejor predictor del desempeño académico que incluso el cociente intelectual del alumnado2.La naturaleza del Proyecto es cuantitativa con un diseño empírico-analítico, concretamente cuasi-experimental al contar con grupos experimentales y otros control. Al ser un diseño correlacional se valora la influencia de la variable independiente (el ABN) empleado solo en los grupos experimentales, en contra del tradicional, empleado en los control. Y a su vez supone un diseño comparativo, puesto que pretende analizar las diferencias existentes entre los propios grupos experimentales por diferencias de implantación ABN. Los resultados del Proyecto son derivados del meta-análisis a modo de síntesis de la evidencia investigativa con el fin de replicar sus resultados y estimar que el empleo del ABN augura un mayor rendimiento matemático y una mejora en el nivel de memoria de trabajo. Las conclusiones del Proyecto no son concluyentes al verse condicionado por la pandemia COVID-19, pero lo indicios apuntan que el adiestramiento mecánico y repetitivo no puede superar la velocidad, efectividad y significatividad práctica (3) alcanzada con el recurso metodológico ABN, al realizar un tratamiento matemático de manera abierta, reflexiva y natural.
Integrated approach of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and cardiovascular risk scores for predicting the risk of cardiovascular events
Authors: Kim Hyue Mee , Rhee Tae-Min , Kim Hack-Lyoung 
Published: April 2022

Background
The 2013 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score may be insufficient for accurate prediction of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in Asians. This study was performed to investigate whether brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) has additional prognostic value to the risk score estimated by the ACC/AHA pooled cohort equations (PCEs).

Methods
A total of 6,359 patients (3,534 men and 2,825 women) aged 40–79 years without documented cardiovascular disease who underwent baPWV measurement were retrospectively analyzed. Cardiovascular risk scores were calculated using the 2013 ACC/AHA PCEs. Cardiovascular events, including cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization and ischemic stroke, were assessed.

Results
During a median follow-up period of 4.0 years (interquartile range 1.7–6.1 years), cardiovascular events occurred in 129 patients (2.0%). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that baPWV was stronger in the detection of cardiovascular events than the 2013 ACC/AHA risk score (area under the curve: 0.70 versus 0.62, p<0.001). In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, both baPWV and 2013 ACC/AHA risk score were independently associated with the occurrence of clinical events (p <0.001 for each). The baPWV had incremental prognostic value to the 2013 ACC/AHA risk score in predicting clinical events (global chi-square from 21.23 to 49.51, p<0.001).

Conclusion
The baPWV appears to be a strong predictor of the risk of cardiovascular events in Koreans. Measuring baPWV in addition to the 2013 ACC/AHA risk score helps identify individuals at risk for MACE aged 40–79 years without previous cardiovascular diseases.
The relationship between differential media exposure and attitudes towards Muslims and Islam and the potential consequences on voting intention towards banning veiling in public
Authors: Eugster Beatrice , Arlt Dorothee , Schmidt Franzisca 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on how exposure to different media genres relates to two components of attitudes, Muslims as a group and Islam as a religion. It also highlights how these components mediate the relationship between media exposure and behavioral intention, namely voting intention towards banning veiling in public spaces. The analysis builds on an online survey conducted in Switzerland. We found that exposure to specific media genres is not equally associated with attitudes towards Muslims versus attitudes towards Islam. Contrary to our expectation, we did not find the association to be stronger when it came to influencing attitudes towards Muslims as compared to influencing attitudes towards Islam. However, our findings clearly showed that it matters whether people consume news via television or newspapers, especially mass-market (commercial television and tabloids) versus upmarket news (public television and quality newspapers). Attitudes towards Muslims living in Switzerland are more negative among those consuming mass-market news than those consuming upmarket news. Anti-Islam attitudes, however, were only associated with reading newspapers—both tabloids and quality newspapers. The findings provided only partial support for the mediating role of attitudes towards Muslims and Islam concerning the indirect relation between media exposure and voting intention towards banning veiling.
Applying a diagnostic excellence framework to assess opportunities to improve recognition of child physical abuse
Authors: Rasooly Irit R. , Dang Khoi , Nawab Ursula S. , Shaw Kathy N. , Wood Joanne N. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Diagnostic excellence is an important domain of healthcare quality. Delays in diagnosis have been described in 20–30% of children with abusive injuries. Despite the well characterized epidemiology, improvement strategies remain elusive. We sought to assess the applicability of diagnostic improvement instruments to cases of non-accidental trauma and to identify potential opportunities for system improvement in child physical abuse diagnosis.

Methods
We purposefully sampled 10 cases identified as having potential for system level interventions and in which the child had prior outpatient encounters to review. Experts in pediatrics, child abuse, and diagnostic improvement independently reviewed each case and completed SaferDx, a validated instrument used to evaluate the diagnostic process. Cases were subsequently discussed to map potential opportunities for improving the diagnostic process to the DEER Taxonomy, which classifies opportunities by type and phase of the diagnostic process.

Results
The most frequent improvement opportunities identified by the SaferDx were in recognition of potential alarm symptoms and in expanding differential diagnosis (5 of 10 cases). The most frequent DEER taxonomy process opportunities were in history taking (8 of 10) and hypothesis generation (7 of 10). Discussion elicited additional opportunities in reconsideration of provisional diagnoses, understanding biopsychosocial risk, and addressing information scatter within the electronic health record (EHR).

Conclusions
Applying a diagnostic excellence framework facilitated identification of systems opportunities to improve recognition of child abuse including integration of EHR information to support recognition of alarm symptoms, collaboration to support vulnerable families, and communication about diagnostic reasoning.
On the gaps between consecutive primes
Authors: Sun Yu-Chen , Pan Hao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Let

p
n

p_{n}

denote the 𝑛-th prime.
We prove that, for any

m
≥
1

m\geq 1

, there exist infinitely many 𝑛 such that

p
n

-

p

n
-
m

≤

C
m

p_{n}-p_{n-m}\leq C_{m}

for some large constant

C
m

>
0

C_{m}>0

, and

p

n
+
1

-

p
n

≥

c
m

⁢

log
⁡

n
⁢

log
⁡

log
⁡

n
⁢

log
⁡

log
⁡

log
⁡

log
⁡
n

log
⁡

log
⁡

log
⁡
n

p_{n+1}-p_{n}\geq\frac{c_{m}\log n\log\log n\log\log\log\log n}{\log\log\log n}

for some small constant

c
m

>
0

c_{m}>0

.
Furthermore, for any fixed positive integer 𝑙, there are many positive integers 𝑘 with

(
k
,
l
)

=
1

(k,l)=1

such that

p
′

⁢

(
k
,
l
)

≥

c
⁢
k

⋅

log
⁡

k
⁢

log
⁡

log
⁡

k
⁢

log
⁡

log
⁡

log
⁡

log
⁡
k

log
⁡

log
⁡

log
⁡
k

,

p^{\prime}(k,l)\geq ck\cdot\frac{\log k\log\log k\log\log\log\log k}{\log\log\log k},

where

p
′

⁢

(
k
,
l
)

p^{\prime}(k,l)

denotes the least prime of the form

k
⁢
n

+
l

kn+l

with

n
≥
1

n\geq 1

, which improves the previous result of Prachar.
Generalized resolvent operator involving 𝒢(·,·)-co-monotone mapping for solving generalized variational inclusion problem
Authors: Iqbal Javid , Mishra Vishnu Narayan , Mir Waseem Ali , Dar Aadil Hussain , Ishtyak Mohd , Rathour Laxmi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we define a generalized resolvent operator involving a

𝒢
⁢

(
⋅
,
⋅
)

{\mathcal{G}(\,\cdot\,,\cdot\,)}

-co-monotone mapping for solving a generalized variational inclusion problem. We show that the resolvent operator under consideration is single-valued as well as Lipschitz continuous. An iterative algorithm is constructed to obtain the approximate solution of our problem. An example is provided to illustrate the theoretical findings.
Bacterial decay in waterlogged archaeological compression wood varies with severity of compression wood
Authors: Kim Jong Sik , Cha Mi Young , Lee Kwang Ho , Kim Yoon Soo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Bacterial decay in compression wood (CW) tracheids of waterlogged archaeological wood (WAW) was investigated using light microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and TEM immunogold labeling. Erosion bacteria were identified as the main degraders, and the extent of cell wall degradation differed depending on the severity of CW tracheids (mild vs. severe). Mild CW tracheids showed preferential decay in the inner S2 layer, with the locally degraded and/or fragmented S3 layer remaining. In contrast, severe CW tracheids revealed gradual degradation of the cell wall from the erosion progressing from exposed faces of the cell wall as decay progressed. The overall decay was more extensive in mild than in severe CW tracheids, and degradation of the highly lignified outer S2 layer (S2L) was only detected in mild CW tracheids. TEM immunogold labeling of 1,4-β-galactan, homogalacturonan (HG), heteroxylan, and heteromannan epitopes showed that there was no preferential degradation of pectins and hemicelluloses by action of diffusible enzymes and/or agents through the un-decayed cell wall during bacterial decay, in both mild and severe CW tracheids. Inter-CW tracheid bordered pit membranes showed higher decay resistance than CW tracheid walls. Degradation of HG and heteromannan epitopes was suppressed in pit membranes.
Comedy Bootcamp: stand-up comedy as humor training for military populations
Authors: Olah Andrew R. , Junkin Janelle S. , Ford Thomas E. , Pressler Sam 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper details the results of an 18-month program impact evaluation (n = 72) on Armed Services Arts Partnership’s “Comedy Bootcamp,” a popular stand-up comedy course specifically tailored to military veterans. Based on literature around the benefits of sense of humor and humor training (e.g., 7 Humor Habits), we anticipated that participants in Comedy Bootcamp would show greater well-being relative to a control group, and that this effect would be mediated by an increase in sense of humor (i.e., self-enhancing humor style). Results largely supported the hypotheses, showing that Comedy Bootcamp participants experienced an increased self-enhancing humor style, which in turn yielded improved self-esteem, resilience, depression, and stress (though not anxiety). Further, longitudinal analyses demonstrated the benefits of the program persist at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Implications and future directions are discussed.