bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The marbles of the basilica of Ascalon: another example of the Severan building projects
Authors: Anevlavi V. , Cenati C. , Prochaska W. , Ladstätter S. , Ganor S. , Bar-Nathan R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the research conducted on the origin of the white marble architecture of the basilica of Ascalon (Israel). The basilica is located in the civic centre of the Roman city of Ascalon and it is one of the relatively few known monumental buildings of Roman Palestine. The various construction phases of the basilica are dated from the first century BC to the third century AD. As Israel has no sources of marble, this paper explores the origin of the white marble that was used for several architectural elements such as bases, columns, capitals, and figurative pilasters to identify their provenance. The methodology includes petrographic studies, chemical and isotopic analyses, and chemical analyses of inclusion fluids and extractable salts (crush-leach analyses) of the marble. The results demonstrate that the imported marble highlights the wide extent of connectivity and interregional trade in the region. Some of the main sources of building materials used in the construction programme of this basilica originate from famous supra-regional quarries such as Prokonnesos and Thasos, and different quarries on the island of Lesbos. The similarities between the Severan basilica in Ascalon and the contemporary building in Leptis Magna are also discussed in this paper. In combination with the absence of a built-up port in the ancient city of Ascalon, these results also provide important information on the economy of Roman Palestine, transportation networks, and the logistical organisation of large-scale building programmes.
Improving Sleep Among Teachers: an Implementation-Intention Intervention
Authors: Schmidt Laura I. , Steenbock Lisa M. , Sieverding Monika 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Insufficient sleep is common among teachers and is associated with diverse health risks. This study aimed to predict intention and sleep duration by applying the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and to examine the effectiveness of an implementation-intention intervention to improve sleep duration and quality.

Method
Sixty-nine teachers (M = 36.8 years, SD = 10.4) were assigned to an active control group (CG) or intervention group (IG). At baseline, TPB variables were assessed and participants of the IG received instructions to develop implementation intentions to reach the goal of sleeping 8 h on average. During a 3-week intervention period, all participants wore an activity tracker (Fitbit Charge HR) to measure sleep duration and kept diaries to assess sleep quality, physical activity, and stress. After 1 month, a 1-week follow-up, including a booster for the IG, was conducted.

Results
Forty-two percent of variance in sleep duration were explained by control variables, past behavior, perceived behavioral control, and intention. Mixed ANOVAS with baseline covariates found a large main effect with longer sleep duration in the IG. A time x group interaction suggested that only the IG slept significantly longer in the follow-up period compared to the intervention period. For sleep quality, a medium-sized main effect for study group was found and a time x group interaction indicated higher sleep quality in the IG for week 3 and the follow-up.

Conclusion
The TPB was effective in predicting sleep intention and duration. Implementation intentions accompanied by daily monitoring and a booster appear to be promising for improving sleep.
Loading Mode and Lateral Confinement Dependent Dynamic Fracture of a Glass Ceramic Macor
Authors: Zhang L. , Townsend D. , Petrinic N. , Pellegrino A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA systematic comparison of the tensile and compressive response of glass ceramic Macor, with zero porosity and low density, is carried out by using flattened Brazilian disk and cylindrical specimen from quasi-static to dynamic loading conditions. The experiments were performed on a screw driven Zwick machine and an in-house built split Hopkinson bar synchronized with a high speed photographic system. Likewise, the loading rate dependent fracture toughness is also investigated by using a notched semi-circular Brazilian disk. A digital image correlation technique is adopted to assist in the monitoring of strain field, crack initiation and propagation under dynamic loading conditions. Both tensile and compressive strength show loading rate dependencies, however, the static and dynamic tensile strengths are only 20% of the compressive strengths without confinement and less than 10% of the confined compressive strength. The microstructural characterization reveals the fracture mechanisms in unconfined Macor are predominantly transgranular with mica platelets and cleavage planes, which are influenced by the loading mode and loading rate. However, the Macor with confinement shows ductile fracture micrographs with a shear localization zone consisting of fine particles. With the use of Macor ceramic as a model material, the paper presents an economical approach to investigate the loading mode and pressure dependent failure of ceramic materials. This will support the characterization of dynamic properties of current and future developed advanced ceramics for demanding applications in the aero engine.
Acid–base strength and acido(fluoro)chromism of three push–pull derivatives of 2,6-distyrylpyridine
Authors: Mencaroni Letizia , Cesaretti Alessio , Elisei Fausto , Škorić Irena , Mlakić Milena , Spalletti Anna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe acidochromism and acid–base properties of 2,6-distyrylpyridine (2,6-DStP) derivatives bearing on the sides push/pull substituents (namely two dimethylamino, one nitro, and one methoxy and two nitro groups in the case of 2,6-bis[(E)-2-(4-dimetylaminophenyl)ethenyl]pyridine, 2-[(E)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethenyl],6-[(E)-2′-(4′-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]pyridine and 2,6-bis[(E)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethenyl]pyridine, respectively) were investigated by stationary and time-resolved spectroscopies. The sensitivity of the absorption and emission spectrum to the medium acidity was found to enhance in the dimethylamino-derivative relative to the unsubstituted 2,6-DStP, also because of the second protonation by the N(CH3)2 group. Spectrophotometric titrations, also processed by a global fitting approach, gave pKa values, for the protonation of the central pyridine, higher in the derivatives with electron-donor unities and lower in compounds bearing electron-acceptor groups. A fluorometric titration was performed in the case of the dimethylamino-derivative thanks to non-negligible emission efficiencies for both neutral and protonated species, unveiling an attractive naked-eye acido(fluoro)chromism from green to yellow upon pyridine protonation, and then to purple with the second protonation involving the lateral N(CH3)2 substituent. Due to the extremely short excited-state lifetimes, as resulted from femtosecond transient absorption experiments, the pKa values for the excited state (pKa*) were estimated through the Förster cycle, revealing that the monoprotonated species of the dimethylamino-derivative would become upon excitation the only stable form in a wide range of pH.
Graphical abstract
Muon cooling and acceleration
Authors: Otani Masashi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMuons, which were discovered in the 1930s and first generated using an accelerator half a century after their discovery, are now widely used in several scientific fields such as particle physics and material science. Recent advancements in cooling techniques have reduced the phase-space volume of muon beams and driven the effort to realize muon acceleration, which has now been demonstrated for the first time. This paper reviews the current state of muon cooling and acceleration technologies.
Delineating springs safeguard zones with DISCO-URBAN index: a valuable tool for groundwater vulnerability mapping in local-scale urban areas
Authors: Meerkhan Helen , Freitas Liliana , Pereira Alcides J. S. C. , Rocha Fernando , Chaminé Helder I. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAssessing groundwater vulnerability to contamination is vital worldwide, particularly in sustainable water resources management. That is mainly a concern in fractured media in urban areas due to a large diversity of contaminant sources and the complexity of recharge pathways. Thus, groundwater vulnerability assessment is essential to delineate groundwater protection zones around springs or wellheads. Furthermore, it considers the groundwater system’s heterogeneity and the surrounding hydrogeological conditions, as well as provides suitable solutions to protect the resource and mitigate potential hazards. DISCO-URBAN index focused on urban areas was applied to evaluate the intrinsic vulnerability in fractured media in the surroundings of Penafiel city (NW Portugal). The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the weight of each evaluation factor. Furthermore, multi-criteria indexes were applied: GOD‐S, DRASTIC‐Fm, SI DISCO and DISCO-URBAN. Low to moderate vulnerability classes dominate in the combined approach of the vulnerability indexes. However, very high vulnerability classes occur in DISCO and DISCO-URBAN, corroborated by the water-enriched nitrates. Therefore, the DISCO-URBAN method highlights a better delineation of groundwater safeguard zones. In fact, the DISCO-URBAN index is reliable in urban areas to be integrated as a tool to develop local site hydrogeological investigations related to springs safeguard zones.
The interface of COVID-19, diabetes, and depression
Authors: Steenblock Charlotte , Schwarz Peter E. H. , Perakakis Nikolaos , Brajshori Naime , Beqiri Petrit , Bornstein Stefan R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractComorbid diabetes with depression is a challenging and often under-recognized clinical problem. During the current COVID-19 pandemic, a communicable disease is thriving on the increasing incidences of these non-communicable diseases. These three different health problems are bidirectionally connected forming a vicious cycle. Firstly, depressed individuals show a higher risk of developing diabetes and patients with diabetes have a higher risk of developing symptoms of depression. Secondly, patients with diabetes have a higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 as well as of experiencing breakthrough infections. Thirdly, in both patients with type 2 diabetes and in COVID-19 survivors the prevalence of depression seems to be increased. Fourthly, lockdown and quarantine measurements during the COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in depression. Therefore, it is of importance to increase the awareness of this interface between depression, diabetes and COVID-19. Finally, as symptoms of post-COVID, diabetes and depression may be overlapping, there is a need for educating skilled personnel in the management of these comorbidities.
Parameter Optimization for a Novel Inerter-based Dynamic Vibration Absorber with Negative Stiffness
Authors: Li Jing , Gu Xueqing , Zhu Shaotao , Yu Changlong , Yang Xiaodong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA novel dynamic vibration absorber(DVA) model with negative stiffness and inerter-mass is presented and analytically studied in this paper. The research shows there are still two fixed points independent of the absorber damping in the amplitude frequency curve of the primary system when the system contains negative stiffness and inerter-mass. The optimum frequency ratio is obtained based on the fixed-point theory. In order to ensure the stability of the system, it is found that inappropriate inerter coefficient will cause the system instable when screening optimal negative stiffness ratio. Accordingly, the best working range of inerter is determined and optimal negative stiffness ratio and approximate optimal damping ratio are also obtained. At last the control performance of the presented DVA is compared with three existing typical DVAs. The comparison results in harmonic and random excitation show that the presented DVA could not only reduce the peak value of the amplitude-frequency curve of the primary system significantly, but also broaden the efficient frequency range of vibration mitigation.
Effect of Antioxidants Supplementation on Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Su Liang , Yang Zhao-tian , Qu Hua , Luo Cheng-long , Yuan Guo-xing , Wu Jie , Jiao Yong-zheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionIn Erectile dysfunction (ED) patients, phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are considered as the first-line therapy. However, 30–50% of ED patients fail to follow this therapeutic option because of adverse events, lack of efficacy, or drug costs. Antioxidant supplementation is widely applied in clinical practice and viewed as a potential therapeutic option for ED. Therefore, it is attractive to assess the effect of antioxidants supplementation on ED patients.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of antioxidants supplementation on ED.MethodsPublished randomized controlled trials of antioxidants in ED were searched in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to October 3, 2021. Meta-analyses were carried out using a random-effects model. The results were presented as standard mean differences (SMDs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsEighteen studies with 1,331 ED patients were included in the study. Compared with placebo, antioxidants alone treatment showed a statistical increase in International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) score (SMD = 1.93; 95% CI: 0.15, 3.72; P = .034). Compared with placebo, antioxidants compound treatment elicited a significant increase in IIEF score (SMD = 2.74; 95% CI: 1.67, 3.81; P &lt; .001) as well as sexual satisfaction score (SMD = 1.61; 95% CI: 0.63, 2.59; P = .001). Compared with the PDE5 inhibitors alone, combination of PDE5 inhibitors and antioxidants showed a significant increase in IIEF score (SMD = 1.1; 95% CI: 0.51, 1.68; P &lt; .001) and sexual satisfaction score (SMD = 1.28; 95% CI: 0.06, 2.51; P = .04).ConclusionThis study found that the effect of antioxidant alone treatment on ED may be limited. However, antioxidant compound treatment, as well as combination of PDE5 inhibitors and antioxidants, were associated with improved ED, and can be considered as an accessary therapeutic option for ED.
Limit theorems for critical branching processes in a finite-state-space Markovian environment
Authors: Grama Ion , Lauvergnat Ronan , Le Page Émile 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLet
$(Z_n)_{n\geq 0}$
be a critical branching process in a random environment defined by a Markov chain
$(X_n)_{n\geq 0}$
with values in a finite state space
$\mathbb{X}$
. Let
$ S_n = \sum_{k=1}^n \ln f_{X_k}^{\prime}(1)$
be the Markov walk associated to
$(X_n)_{n\geq 0}$
, where
$f_i$
is the offspring generating function when the environment is
$i \in \mathbb{X}$
. Conditioned on the event
$\{ Z_n>0\}$
, we show the nondegeneracy of the limit law of the normalized number of particles
${Z_n}/{e^{S_n}}$
and determine the limit of the law of
$\frac{S_n}{\sqrt{n}} $
jointly with
$X_n$
. Based on these results we establish a Yaglom-type theorem which specifies the limit of the joint law of
$ \log Z_n$
and
$X_n$
given
$Z_n>0$
.
KMS states for generalized gauge actions on -algebras associated with self-similar sets
Authors: DE CASTRO GILLES G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGiven a self-similar set K defined from an iterated function system
$\Gamma =(\gamma _{1},\ldots ,\gamma _{d})$
and a set of functions
$H=\{h_{i}:K\to \mathbb {R}\}_{i=1}^{d}$
satisfying suitable conditions, we define a generalized gauge action on Kajiwara–Watatani algebras
$\mathcal {O}_{\Gamma }$
and their Toeplitz extensions
$\mathcal {T}_{\Gamma }$
. We then characterize the KMS states for this action. For each
$\beta \in (0,\infty )$
, there is a Ruelle operator
$\mathcal {L}_{H,\beta }$
, and the existence of KMS states at inverse temperature
$\beta $
is related to this operator. The critical inverse temperature
$\beta _{c}$
is such that
$\mathcal {L}_{H,\beta _{c}}$
has spectral radius 1. If
$\beta <\beta _{c}$
, there are no KMS states on
$\mathcal {O}_{\Gamma }$
and
$\mathcal {T}_{\Gamma }$
; if
$\beta =\beta _{c}$
, there is a unique KMS state on
$\mathcal {O}_{\Gamma }$
and
$\mathcal {T}_{\Gamma }$
which is given by the eigenmeasure of
$\mathcal {L}_{H,\beta _{c}}$
; and if
$\beta>\beta _{c}$
, including
$\beta =\infty $
, the extreme points of the set of KMS states on
$\mathcal {T}_{\Gamma }$
are parametrized by the elements of K and on
$\mathcal {O}_{\Gamma }$
by the set of branched points.
Toward a decolonial quantitative political science: Indigenous self-identification in the 2019 Native Hawaiian Survey
Authors: Phan Ngoc T. , Lee Kevin Lujan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIndigenous scholars have much to teach political scientists about recognizing and addressing the ways in which power, politics, and colonialism irrevocably shape the data-generating process. In this article, we present a methodological framework for a decolonial quantitative political science, outlining how it was operationalized in the design and execution of the 2019 Native Hawaiian Survey. We demonstrate the utility of this methodological framework through a descriptive analysis of Native Hawaiian respondents' self-identification. Aligned with the theoretical insights of kanaka (Native Hawaiian) scholars, we provide empirical support for the intertwined political relationship between Native Hawaiian identity and national identity––a finding that demands further empirical study among all Indigenous populations. This article offers two main contributions. First, it provides a methodological framework to guide quantitative political science research on Indigenous populations. Second, it adds empirically to the growing literature on Indigenous self-identification.
Building Merit: The Moral Economy of the Illegal Wildlife Trade in Rural, Post-Socialist Eastern Mongolia
Authors: Waters Hedwig A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article describes the development of themoral economy of meritamong the fishermen and rural poor of Dalai Village, Magtaalsoum, Mongolia. In 1971, the historian E. P. Thompson used the term “moral economy” to describe a popular consensus on what was considered right and wrong in economic behavior, arguing that its provocation motivated the eighteenth-century English poor to engage in crowd-based political action. In contemporary, post-socialist eastern Mongolia, the rural poor have constructed a pervasive local discourse on what is considered legitimate (“merit-making” orbuyantai) versus what is illegitimate in economic behavior that morally-condones their illegal wildlife procurement, selling, and smuggling activities. The political contexts of these case studies are compared in order to detail a similar political-economic progression: (1) the recent market liberalization of the commons, sparking moral outrage amongst those classes newly disadvantaged through this shift to the market; and (2) the formation of an anti-profiteering moral discourse among these classes, designed to limit the ability of others to economically capitalize off of these circumstances. Comparing the case studies, the moral economy is manifested as exchange practices involving commons-marked goods that distribute their benefits among the participants, envisioned as thereby promoting group wellbeing rather than the uneven accumulation by individuals.
Efficacy of a transdiagnostic, prevention-focused program for at-risk young adults: a waitlist-controlled trial
Authors: DeTore Nicole R. , Luther Lauren , Deng Wisteria , Zimmerman Jordan , Leathem Logan , Burke Anne S. , Nyer Maren B. , Holt Daphne J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevention programs that are ‘transdiagnostic’ may be more cost-effective and beneficial, in terms of reducing levels of psychopathology in the general population, than those focused on a specific disorder. This randomized controlled study evaluated the efficacy of one such intervention program called Resilience Training (RT).MethodsCollege students who reported mildly elevated depressive or subclinical psychotic symptoms (‘psychotic experiences' (PEs)) (n = 107) were randomized to receiving RT (n = 54) or to a waitlist control condition (n = 53). RT consists of a four-session intervention focused on improving resilience through the acquisition of mindfulness, self-compassion, and mentalization skills. Measures of symptoms and these resilience-enhancing skills were collected before and after the 4-week RT/waitlist period, with a follow-up assessment 12-months later.ResultsCompared to the waitlist control group, RT participants reported significantly greater reductions in PEs, distress associated with PEs, depression, and anxiety, as well as significantly greater improvements in resilience, mindfulness, self-compassion, and positive affect, following the 4-week RT/waitlist period (all p < 0.03). Moreover, improvements in resilience-promoting skills were significantly correlated with symptom reductions (all p < 0.05). Lastly, the RT-related reductions in PEs and associated distress were maintained at the 12-month follow-up assessment.ConclusionsRT is a brief, group-based intervention associated with improved resilience and reduced symptoms of psychopathology, with sustained effects on PEs, in transdiagnostically at-risk young adults. Follow-up studies can further assess the efficacy of RT relative to other interventions and test whether it can reduce the likelihood of developing a serious mental illness.
Governing refugees through disorientation: Fragmented knowledges and forced technological mediations
Authors: Tazzioli Martina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article investigates the fragmented knowledges that migrants need to deal with in order to get access to asylum, and the related effects of disorientation it generates on them. The piece argues that disorientation is as a constitutive political technology of refugee governance and develops this argument by focusing on the Greek asylum system. It starts by drawing attention to the multiple technological steps and forced digital intermediations that asylum seekers in Greece need to navigate, focusing in particular on the Cash Assistance Programme, and it shows how asylum seekers need to deal with dispersed knowledges. The article moves on by analysing how the governing through disorientation underpin the asylum legal system in Greece and how this ends up in debilitating asylum seekers and hampering them from accessing rights and humanitarian support. The final section explores how asylum seekers are racialised and treated as deceitful subjects, and argues that not only their speech but also their conduct and behaviour are assumed to be deceptive, and therefore their knowledge turns out to be pointless. It concludes by challenging claims for more transparency and more knowledge as a response to the governing through disorientation.