bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Latent infections, coronavirus disease 2019 and psychiatric disorders: The friend of my enemy
Authors: Mofazzal Jahromi Mirza Ali , Sefidfard Mina , Taghipour Ali , Roustazadeh Abazar , Matin Sara , Mir Hamed , Badri Milad , Bahrami Fares , Abdoli Amir 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecent reports revealed an increased rate of hospitalization and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) among patients with psychiatric disorders. On the other hand, there is a link between latent infections, including Toxoplasma gondii, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) with psychiatric disorders. We individually assessed data regarding 1) the mortality rate of COVID‐19 among individuals with psychiatric disorders; 2) the association of latent infections in COVID‐19 patients and 3) the association between latent infections and psychiatric disorders. We developed the hypothesis that latent infection could increase the risk of severe COVID‐19 among patients with psychiatric disorders. Cumulative evidence proposed that infection with toxoplasmosis, CMV and HSV‐1 could increase the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐Co‐V2) infections among patients with psychiatric disorders probably by induction of hyperinflammatory conditions. These infections are also associated with hyperinflammation and T cell exhaustion, which has also been observed in both schizophrenia and COVID‐19. This hypothesis provides new insights into the role of latent infections in increasing the mortality rates of COVID‐19 among individuals with psychiatric disorders. Strategies for screening, early diagnosis and treatment of these infections could be recommended for COVID‐19 patients with a background of psychiatric disorders.
Intraoperative cytology when cryostat is not available. A 7‐year experience in a Peruvian cancer center
Authors: Abad‐Licham Milagros , Astigueta Juan , De Las Casas Luis , Gonzales‐Saravia Jesús , Ortiz Cynthia , Vásquez Oriana , Bardales Ricardo H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntraoperative cytology (IC) is an alternative to frozen‐section (FS) diagnosis. We present our experience with and the diagnostic value of IC during a 7‐year period when FS was not available in a Peruvian Cancer Center.Material and MethodsThis 7‐year retrospective single‐arm review study includes IC procedures performed by three pathologists between 2012 and 2018. These IC reports were reviewed independently by one pathologist and were correlated with the histologic diagnoses, which were used as the gold standard. All IC preparations (imprint, scrape, and crush smears) were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. IC interpretations were categorized as: malignant, benign, atypical, and “deferred to permanent sections.” Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated by use of standard methods.ResultsA total of 1814 IC cases prepared from various organs obtained from 887 patients were reviewed. Malignant, benign, atypical, and “deferred to permanent sections” IC diagnoses were 26.3%, 68.9%, 3.7%, and 1.9%, respectively. Atypical and deferred cases were excluded from the statistical analysis; thus 1712 cases were found to be eligible. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and overall diagnostic accuracy were 91.6%, 97.7%, 94.1%, 96.7%, and 96%, respectively.ConclusionIn experienced hands, IC is a rapid, cost‐effective, and accurate alternative diagnostic modality for intraoperative diagnosis when FS is not available.
In vitro metabolic fate of the synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (quinolin‐8‐yl 4‐methyl‐3‐(morpholine‐4‐sulfonyl)benzoate [QMMSB]) and (quinolin‐8‐yl 4‐methyl‐3‐((propan‐2‐yl)sulfamoyl)benzoate [QMiPSB]) including isozyme mapping and carboxylesterases activity testing
Authors: Richter Matthias J. , Wagmann Lea , Kavanagh Pierce V. , Brandt Simon D. , Meyer Markus R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) (quinolin‐8‐yl 4‐methyl‐3‐(morpholine‐4‐sulfonyl)benzoate [QMMSB]) and (quinolin‐8‐yl 4‐methyl‐3‐((propan‐2‐yl)sulfamoyl)benzoate [QMiPSB], also known as SGT‐46) are based on the structure of quinolin‐8‐yl 4‐methyl‐3‐(piperidine‐1‐sulfonyl)benzoate (QMPSB) that has been identified on seized plant material in 2011. In clinical toxicology, knowledge of the metabolic fate is important for their identification in biosamples. Therefore, the aim of this study was the identification of in vitro Phase I and II metabolites of QMMSB and QMiPSB in pooled human liver S9 fraction (pHLS9) incubations for use as screening targets. In addition, the involvement of human monooxygenases and human carboxylesterases (hCES) was examined. Analyses were performed by liquid chromatography coupled with high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Ester hydrolysis was found to be an important step in the Phase I metabolism of both SCRAs, with the carboxylic acid product being found only in negative ionization mode. Monohydroxy and N‐dealkyl metabolites of the ester hydrolysis products were detected as well as glucuronides. CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 were involved in hydroxylation. Whereas enzymatic ester hydrolysis of QMiPSB was mainly catalyzed by hCES1 isoforms, nonenzymatic ester hydrolysis was also observed. The results suggest that ester hydrolysis products of QMMSB and QMiPSB and their glucuronides are suitable targets for toxicological screenings. The additional use of the negative ionization mode is recommended to increase detectability of analytes. Different cytochrome P450 (CYP) isozymes were involved in the metabolism; thus, the probability of drug–drug interactions due to CYP inhibition can be assessed as low.
Phospholipid metabolites of GHB as potential biomarkers in whole blood: Synthesis, analytics, and in vitro formation of homolog 16:0/18:1
Authors: Thimm Julian S. , Hofmann Vanessa , Bartel Marc , Sundermann Tom R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGamma‐hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is a common drug of abuse, and the detection of a consumption or administration is a longstanding research objective in clinical and forensic toxicology. However, until now, the short detection window of GHB could not be enlarged by the use of GHB metabolites. Therefore, new biomarkers for the detection of a GHB intake are needed. In analogy to phosphatidylethanols as long‐time biomarkers of ethanol, phospholipids with GHB might represent a promising compound class. While the availability of reference compounds often represents a bottleneck in clinical and forensic toxicological research, two phospholipids—phosphatidyl‐GHB (16:0/18:1) and its isomer phosphatidyl beta‐hydroxybutyric acid (16:0/18:1)—were successfully synthesized by a new highly versatile synthetic route. Structural characterization data, together with 1H‐, 13C‐, and 31P‐NMR and high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) spectra, are reported. Subsequently, a HPLC–MS/MS method was established for the determination of both compounds (limits of detection [LOD] ≤ 2 ng/ml), and the formation of these metabolites was investigated in two in vitro experiments. The formation of phosphatidyl‐GHB (16:0/18:1) was observed in an incubation experiment by converting phosphatidylcholine (16:0/18:1) and GHB with phospholipase D and in whole blood samples spiked with 50 mM GHB, respectively. Therefore, phosphatidyl‐GHB (16:0/18:1) might represent a valuable new metabolite of GHB with the potential for an extension of the detection window as GHB biomarker.
The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on eating disorders in U.S. military veterans
Authors: Mitchell Karen S. , Smith Brian N. , Masheb Robin , Vogt Dawne 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeThe COVID‐19 pandemic has had a profound impact on mental health around the world. Although there have been reports that the incidence of eating disorders (EDs) has increased during the pandemic, few longitudinal studies have examined recent changes in EDs. Men and women with military histories may be particularly vulnerable to EDs, underscoring the importance of investigating the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on EDs in this population.MethodWe examined whether early‐pandemic (Time 1; T1) posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were associated with change in probable ED diagnostic status 1 year later (T2). We also investigated relationships from early pandemic mental health symptoms to change in ED diagnostic status from T1 to T2 via pandemic‐related life circumstance pathways (health, financial, social, etc.). Participants included a population‐based sample of 372 U.S. veterans who completed the T1 and T2 surveys.ResultsEarly pandemic mental health was significantly and positively associated with probable ED diagnostic status. Social and health satisfaction as well as physical health pandemic impacts mediated the associations between mental health symptoms and ED diagnostic status.DiscussionFindings highlight the importance of bolstering social connection, health‐promoting behaviors, and access to ED treatment among veteran men and women impacted by the COVID‐19 pandemic.Public SignificanceThe COVID‐19 pandemic has had a profound impact on mental health, including eating disorders (EDs). We found that early pandemic mental health symptoms were significantly associated with changes in U.S. veterans' ED diagnostic status 1 year later. Mental health symptoms increased ED diagnoses via their impact on social and health satisfaction, as well as physical health impacts of the pandemic. Findings highlight the importance of increasing social connection, health‐promoting behaviors, and ED treatment access among veteran men and women, who may be particularly vulnerable to EDs, during the COVID pandemic.
A practical approach to the guideline‐directed pharmacological treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Abdin Amr , Bauersachs Johann , Soltani Samira , Eden Matthias , Frey Norbert , Böhm Michael 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOver the last 15–20 years, remarkable developments of heart failure (HF) pharmacotherapies have been achieved. However, HF remains a global healthcare challenge with more than 64 million patients worldwide. Optimization of guideline‐directed chronic HF medical therapy is highly recommended with every patient visit to improve outcomes in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction. However, the majority of patients in real‐world settings are treated with doses that are lower than those with proven efficacy in clinical trials, which might be due to concerns of adverse effects and inertia of physicians. Likewise, a significant proportion of patients still do not receive all drug classes that could improve their prognosis. The recent European Society of Cardiology guidelines do not provide detailed recommendations on how these drug classes should be implemented in the treatment of inpatients to allow for both safety and a high likelihood of efficacy. We therefore propose a practical approach algorithm to support physicians to treat HF patients in their daily practice.
Electroanalytical Study of Fungicide Bixafen on Paste Electrode Based on the Thermally Reduced Graphene Oxide Synthesized in Air Conditions and its Determination in River Water Samples
Authors: Brycht Mariola , Kowalewska Karolina , Skrzypek Sławomira , Mirčeski Valentin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn electrochemical study of the fungicide bixafen using a paste electrode based on thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRGOPE) synthesized in air is presented for the first time. Cyclic voltammetry and square‐wave voltammetry (SWV) were conducted to characterize the mechanism of the underlying electrode process of bixafen. Optimization of the procedure for the quantitative determination of bixafen was carried out by SWV. Excellent electroanalytical performance in terms of a limit of detection of 31.5 nmol L−1 was achieved. The TRGOPE was effectively employed to analyze bixafen in spiked river and tap water samples. The selectivity towards bixafen determination was also assessed.
Physicochemical characterization of levulinate esters with different alkyl chain lengths blended with fuel
Authors: Wu Peng , Miao Changlin , Zhuang Xinshu , Li Wuhuan , Tan Xuesong , Yang Tianhua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDue to the advantages of cellulosic biomass, such as abundant reserves, renewable, and wide sources, the large‐scale development of lignocellulosic biomass fuels has the advantage of relieving energy pressure and promoting energy conservation and emission reduction, of which the levulinate esters are a potential biomass liquid fuel. In this study, different alkyl chain lengths of the levulinate esters were blended with 0# fossil diesel, and the physicochemical properties of the blended fuels, such as mutual solubility, density, distillation range, closed flash point, kinematic viscosity, cold filter plugging point, oxidation stability, and sulfur content and other physical and chemical properties were tested and investigated. The results showed that the longer the alkyl chains of the levulinate esters, the better their stability when mixed with 0# petrochemical diesel. And levulinate esters with short alkyl chains can be easily separated from blended fuels at low temperatures. The physicochemical properties of the blended fuels improved significantly with the increase of carbon chain length and levulinate esters content, low‐temperature flow characteristics, atomization characteristics of spraying, and safety of transportation and storage, and the physicochemical properties of levulinate blended fuels with long alkyl chains were more superior than shorter alkyl chains of the levulinate esters.
Active‐ion‐gated room temperature acetone gas sensing of ZnO nanowires array
Authors: Guo Junmeng , Gan Jiahui , Ruan Haoran , Yuan Xiaobo , Kong Chuiyun , Liu Yang , Su Meiying , Liu Yabing , Liu Wei , Zhang Bao , Zhang Yongle , Cheng Gang , Du Zuliang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractReducing the high operation temperature of gas sensor to room temperature (RT) have attracted intense interests for its distinct preponderances, including energy‐saving and super stability, which presents great prospects in commercial application. The exciting strategies for RT gas sensing, such as unique materials with activated surface or light activation, do not directly modulate the active ions for gas sensing, limiting the RT gas sensing performances. Here, an active‐ion‐gated strategy has been proposed for RT gas sensing with high performance and low power consumption, in which gas ions in triboelectric plasma are introduced into metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) film to act as both floating gate and active sensing ions. The active‐ion‐gated ZnO nanowires (NWs) array shows a sensitivity of 38.3% to 10 ppm acetone gas at RT, and the maximum power consumption is only 4.5 mW. At the same time, the gas sensor exhibits excellent selectivity to acetone. More importantly, the response (recovery) time of this sensor is as low as 11 s (25 s). It is found that OH−(H2O)4 ions in plasma are the key for realizing RT gas sensing ability, and an accompanied resistive switch is also observed. It is considered that the electron transfer between OH−(H2O)4 and ZnO NWs will forms a hydroxyl‐like intermediate state (OH*) on the top of Zn2+, leading to the band bending of ZnO and activating the reactive O2− ions on the oxygen vacancies. The active‐ion‐gated strategy proposed here present a novel exploration to achieving RT gas sensing performance of MOS by activating sensing properties at the scale of ions or atoms.
Strategies to address barriers and improve bowel cancer screening participation in Indigenous populations, particularly in rural and remote communities: A scoping review
Authors: Ireland Kerri , Hendrie Delia , Ledwith Tonia , Singh Asha 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundParticipation in bowel cancer screening programs is low in Indigenous1 Australian populations, particularly in rural and remote communities. There is growing evidence of strategies to increase screening rates amongst Indigenous Australians, however, there are limited strategies specific to rural and remote communities.ObjectiveThis review aims to identify strategies that may increase bowel cancer screening rates amongst Indigenous populations, particularly in rural and remote communities.MethodologyA literature search was undertaken which included peer‐reviewed qualitative and quantitative articles of any study design, and grey literature. Evidence from New Zealand, Canada, United Kingdom, and Australia were included, and descriptive numerical and thematic analyses were conducted. The identified strategies were categorised using the National Cancer Policy Board's organisational framework.ResultsNineteen strategies were identified from 23 included articles. The most frequently used strategies were recommendation from a general practitioner, culturally appropriate education resources, and nonresponder follow up. Four strategies were specific to rural and remote communities including alternative distribution of kits and mobile screening. Thirteen strategies aim to address the Knowledge category of the framework, four address Attitudes, four address Ability, and six address Reinforcement.So What?: Several strategies are available to increase bowel cancer screening in Indigenous populations, with very few strategies specifically relating to rural and remote communities. Multiple strategies may maximise the likelihood of participation in screening amongst Indigenous Australians. Implementation may require system‐level and local‐level changes.
Viscous dissipation and radiation absorption effects on unsteady MHD free convective fluid flow past an inclined porous plate with chemical reaction
Authors: Prasad T. R. K. D. Vara , Linga Raju T. , Rajakumar K. V. B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe current scrutinization concentrated on the consequences of viscous dissipation and chemical reaction on unsteady MHD two‐dimensional free convective fluid flow past a semi‐infinite inclined permeable plate with radiation absorption and heat generation. The governing equations are determined analytically by employing the perturbation technique. The impact of various physical estimators on velocity, temperature, concentration, skin friction, and Nusselt number along with Sherwood number were exemplified quantitatively through graphs. It was concluded that velocity declined with the incremental values of Eckert number, but contradictory impact occurred in the case of skin friction. In addition temperature, Nusselt number, as well as velocity, declined with the progressive values of radiation absorption. However, skin friction was accelerated with the augmented values of radiation absorption. Velocity accelerated, with the progressive values of angle of inclination. Concentration declined with the various augmentation values of chemical reaction as well as Schmidt number.
A fuzzy logic framework to handle uncertainty in remote sensing‐based hydrological data for water budget improvement across mid‐ and small‐scale basins
Authors: Kayan Gökhan , Türker Umut , Erten Esra 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn recent years, the efficacy of remote sensing (RS) products for water budget (WB) analysis has been widely tested and implemented in global and regional basins. Although RS products provide high temporal and spatial resolution images with near‐global coverage, uncertainty is still a significant problem. Fuzzy logic is a powerful technique for dealing with uncertainty in different engineering problems. In this study, the annual residual error () in the WB equation arising from the uncertainties of the RS products was minimized by applying fuzzy correction coefficients to each WB component. For analysis, three different fuzzy linear regression (FLR) models with 14 different sub‐models were used in the two basins having different spatial characteristics, namely Sakarya and Cyprus basins. Although FLR sub‐models produce similar findings in the Sakarya basin, they generated more complex results in the Cyprus basin. This is mainly due to the higher uncertainty of the RS products in the Cyprus basin. The Cyprus basin is too small for some low‐resolution RS‐based products to resolve, and it has a higher leakage error due to across ocean/land boundary. In addition, the general performance of sub‐models is better in the Sakarya basin than that in the Cyprus basin. The best fuzzy sub‐models reduced the error up to 68% and 52% in terms of mean absolute error compared with the non‐fuzzy model in the Sakarya and Cyprus basins, respectively. Further evaluations showed that the best sub‐model precipitation well captured the temporal patterns of gauge observations in both basins. Moreover, they have the best consistency with gauge observations in terms of root mean square error, Kling‐Gupta efficiency, and percent bias in both basins. The results proved that this study will provide valuable insights into WB analysis in ungauged basins by incorporating the fuzzy logic approach into hydrological RS products.
Residual UNet with Dual Attention—An ensemble residual UNet with dual attention for multi‐modal and multi‐class brain MRI segmentation
Authors: Kumari K. H. Vijaya , Barpanda Soubhagya Sankar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we have proposed a variant of UNet for brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) segmentation. The proposed model, termed as Residual UNet with Dual Attention (RUDA), addresses the two significant challenges of UNet: extraction of the complex features with unclear boundaries and the problem of over‐segmentation due to the redundancy caused by the skip connection usage. RUDA is constituted upon the residual blocks for extracting the complex structures. It Introduces attention into the skip connections to avoid redundancy and thereby the chance of over‐segmentation. Our model segments brain MRI into white matter (WM), gray matter (GM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) regions, which are considered crucial informative substructures for diagnosing neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's. It has been implemented in an ensemble manner to accommodate the multi‐sequence (T1‐weighted, IR, and T2‐FLAIR) scans. The empirical analysis shows that with an accuracy of 93.80%, RUDA outperforms the two baseline models: UNet (91.37%), ResUNet (91.44%).