bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytosterol oxidation products from coffee silverskin
Authors: McDonald Kimberlynn , Langenbahn Hans J. , Miller J. David , McMullin David R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCoffee silverskin is a byproduct of the coffee roasting process contributing to organic waste burdens in urban areas. Silverskin is a potential source of dietary fiber, protein, carbohydrates, caffeine as well as vitamins and minerals. However, phytosterols present in the plant are susceptible to thermal oxidation resulting in the formation of phytosterol oxidation products (POPs) in the silverskin during roasting. In collaboration with a small roastery, the formation of POPs in three coffee varieties with roasting time was monitored by GC‐MS. The objective was to evaluate the safety and potential benefits of incorporating coffee silverskin into value‐added products. The qualitative profile of POPs in the silverskin from the three varieties was similar. Average total POPs were 0.32 g POPs/kg silverskin. POPs from the dominant plant sterol, sitosterol, were present at the highest concentrations. Caffeine, total antioxidant capacity, and total flavonoids were measured in the silverskin of the three coffees. Average values were 1.3 g caffeine/100 g silverskin, TEAC of 11 mmol Trolox/kg silverskin, and 1.94 to 8.60 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g silverskin, respectively. An analysis of the impact of consuming teas and baked goods containing silverskin was also performed. Using published formulations, a tea or cookie containing silverskin would contribute approximately 1 and 0.3 mg POP per day, respectively. Consumption of these products would not substantially increase dietary exposure to POPs, while increasing fiber and antioxidants while reducing organic waste.Practical ApplicationCoffee silverskin has been studied as a possible source of fiber, antioxidants, and caffeine when incorporated in snack foods and used to make teas. To assess possible concerns about increasing dietary oxidized phytosterols, the formation of phytosterol oxidation products (POPs) was investigated in the silverskin fraction during the roasting process in three coffee varieties. In addition, caffeine, antioxidant capacity, and total flavonoids were determined. We found that silverskin can be safely used for value‐added products including caffeinated teas, cookies, and bars with minimal impact on dietary POP exposures.
Association between morphological features of necrotizing pancreatitis on endoscopic ultrasound and outcomes of the endoscopic transmural step‐up approach
Authors: Ding Ling , Li Xue Yang , Tan Ji Xue , Xia Liang , He Wen Hua , Xiong Hui Fang , Zhu Yong , Liu Pi , Shu Xu , Liu Zhi Jian , Zhu Yin , Chen You Xiang , Lu Nong Hua 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between necrotic collections on endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and outcomes of the endoscopic transmural step‐up approach in necrotizing pancreatitis (NP).MethodsAdult NP patients who had undergone endoscopic transmural step‐up approach, endoscopic transmural drainage or endoscopic transmural necrosectomy, were retrospectively enrolled, and divided into groups 1, 2 and 3 based on the amount of solid necrotic debris (quantified as a percentage of the total collection size of <30%, 30%‐50%, and >50%).ResultsA total of 134 patients were included, of whom 52, 59 and 23 patients were categorized into groups 1, 2 and 3. Patients with more solid necrotic debris required more necrosectomy sessions (group 3 vs group 2 vs group 1: 2.0 vs 1.0 vs 1.0, P < 0.001), were more likely to experience stent occlusion (group 3 vs group 2 vs group 1: 34.8% vs 16.9% vs 9.6%, P = 0.011), and had a longer hospitalization (group 3 vs group 2 vs group 1: 40.0 d vs 28.0 d vs 25.5 d, P = 0.015). High procalcitonin level (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 6.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.40–26.94, P = 0.016) and any organ failure (aOR 11.51, 95% CI 2.42‐54.78, P = 0.002) were independently associated with clinical failure of endoscopic transmural step‐up approach.ConclusionsMore solid necrotic debris on EUS is related to more necrosectomy sessions, higher incidence of stent occlusion and longer hospitalization. A nomogram combining procalcitonin and any organ failure performs well in predicting clinical failure of endoscopic transmural step‐up approach.
Characteristics of the psychopathological status of oral lichen planus: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li K , He W , Hua H 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa having no clear aetiology or pathogenesis. The influence of psychological disturbances on OLP has been widely discussed but still bears the controversy. This study aimed at assessing scientific evidence between the OLP and psychological alterations of the patient. We searched seven important databases for studies on OLP and psychological factors (anxiety, depression, stress, sleep disorders, etc.) published between 1 January 2000, and 1 October 2020. Case‐control and cross‐sectional studies were incorporated into this study. The meta‐analysis used a random‐effects model assessed by using the I2 statistic. Dichotomous variables used the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI), and continuous variables used the mean difference with 95% CI. Finally, 26 studies were included in the review. A meta‐analysis of 13 studies showed there was a significant association of OLP with anxiety, depression and stress compared with healthy controls. Certain personality characteristics and sleep disorders also influence the patient of OLP. Therefore, psychological and psychiatric examinations should be carried out routinely for patients with OLP and improve the prognosis of the disease. © 2022 Australian Dental Association
The impact of Brazil on global grain dynamics: A study on cross‐market volatility spillovers
Authors: Avileis Felipe G. , Mallory Mindy L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBrazil's rise as a global powerhouse producer of soybeans and corn over the past 15 years has fundamentally changed global markets in these commodities. Brazil's rise is arguably due to the development of varieties of soybean and corn adapted to climates within Brazil, allowing farmers to double‐crop corn after soybeans in the same year. Corn and soybean market participants increasingly look to Brazil for fundamental price information, and studies have shown that the two markets have become cointegrated. However little is known about how much volatility from each market spills over to the other. In this article, we measure volatility spillover ratios between U.S. and Brazilian first crop corn, second‐crop corn, and soybeans. We find that linkages between the two countries increased after double‐cropping corn after soybeans expanded, volatility spillover magnitudes expanded, and the direction of volatility spillovers flipped from U.S. volatility spilling over to Brazil before double cropping, to Brazil spilling over to U.S. after double cropping.
Impact of the evolution in RAS mutation analysis in Australian patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Chong Chia Yuen , Jalali Azim , Wong Hui Li , Loft Matthew , Wong Rachel , Lee Margaret , Gately Lucy , Hong Wei , Shapiro Jeremy , Kosmider Suzanne , Tie Jeannie , Ananda Sumitra , Yeung Justin M , Ma Brigette , Burge Matthew , Jennens Ross , Tran Ben , Lee Belinda , Lim Lionel , Dean Andrew , Nott Louise , Gibbs Peter 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundRAS mutation testing now routinely informs the optimal management of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), specifically the finding of a RAS mutation defines patients who will not benefit from treatment with an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor. Over time more RAS genes have been tested and more sensitive techniques used.AimsTo review routine care RAS testing and results over time.MethodsA retrospective analysis of the molecular data collected prospectively in the multi‐site Treatment of Recurrent and Advanced Colorectal Cancer (TRACC) registry from 2009 to 2018 was undertaken. Patients with RAS data were further analyzed. In parallel, the RAS mutation status of patients enrolled in the Test Tailor Treat (TTT) program was examined for 2011–2018.ResultsOf 2908 patients in the TRACC registry, 1892 (65%) were tested, with 898 (47%) of tested patients found to be RAS mutant (RASmt). RAS data were available for 5935 TTT patients. Of the tested TRACC patients diagnosed in 2009 and 2010, 38% were RASmt. For each 2‐year period from 2011/2012 through to 2017/2018, the prevalence of RASmt in TRACC and TTT was 42% and 40% (2011/2012), 52% and 40% (2013/2014), 47% and 49% (2015/2016), and 47% and 49% (2017/2018).ConclusionsBased on both TRACC and TTT data, the proportion of patients reported to have a RAS mutation increased from 2009 to 2015 but has remained relatively stable in recent years. The increased proportion of RASmt patients observed over time is likely largely driven by the uptake of extended RAS testing.
Immunoglobulin E response in health and disease beyond allergic disorders
Authors: Colas Luc , Magnan Antoine , Brouard Sophie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractImmunoglobulin E is the latest discovered of immunoglobulin family and has been long associated with anaphylaxis and worm expulsion. Immunoglobulin E, along with mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils, is also a hallmark of type 2 immunity which is dysregulated in numerous diseases such as asthma, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and eosinophilic esophagitis in addition to anaphylaxis as aforementioned. However, recent advances have shed light on IgE regulation and memory explaining the low level of free IgE, the scarcity of IgE plasma cells that are mainly short live and the absence of IgE memory B cells in homeostatic conditions. Furthermore, IgE was implicated in inflammatory conditions beyond allergic disorders where IgE‐mediated facilitated antigen presentation can enhance cellular and humoral response against autoantigens in systemic lupus or chronic urticaria leading to more severe disease and even against neoantigen facilitating tumor cell lysis. At last, IgE was unexpectedly associated with allograft rejection or atheromatous cardiovascular diseases where precise mechanisms remain to be deciphered. The purpose of this review is to summarize these recent advances in IgE regulation, biology, and physiopathology beyond allergic diseases opening whole new fields of IgE biology to explore.
Analyzing asymmetries and praxis in aDNA research: A bioanthropological critique
Authors: Argüelles Juan Manuel , Fuentes Agustín , Yáñez Bernardo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecent developments in molecular‐biology‐oriented studies regarding ancient DNA (aDNA) from human remains have brought into the contemporary discussions within archaeologists, bioanthropologists, and geneticists a set of disputes, tensions, and collaborations that need to be analyzed in practical and epistemological terms. We emphasize the relevance that techno‐scientific collaborations have in this context focused mainly on human evolution and the peopling of the world. These international academic collaborations constitute an ecology in which aDNA studies are currently being worked out. An ecosystem that reproduces the geo‐political‐economic asymmetries within science, and more specifically in aDNA research, which in turn opens the possibility for thinking from an ethical and epistemological perspective about the economic and power differentials and imbalances of these asymmetric relationships. We argue for building a critical conceptual tool kit in order to tackle the problematics emerging from such investigations. We propose and define three core concepts: academic sovereignty, sustainability, and intermediary. Additionally, we offer the term academic vulnerability as a consequence of cultural vulnerability. The frame we offer here provides a structure to interrogate the dynamics of vulnerabilities in the current context of scientific praxis within aDNA research and illustrate the interplay between hegemonic science and the heritage of developing countries.
Kangaroo mother care had a protective effect on the volume of brain structures in young adults born preterm
Authors: Charpak Nathalie , Tessier Rejean , Ruiz Juan Gabriel , Uriza Felipe , Hernandez José Tiberio , Cortes Darwin , Montealegre‐Pomar Adriana 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimThe protective effects of Kangaroo mother care (KMC) on the neurodevelopment of preterm infants are well established, but we do not know whether the benefits persist beyond infancy. Our aim was to determine whether providing KMC in infancy affected brain volumes in young adulthood.MethodStandardised cognitive, memory and motor skills tests were used to determine the brain volumes of 20‐year‐old adults who had formed part of a randomised controlled trial of KMC versus incubator care. Multivariate analysis of brain volumes was conducted according to KMC exposure.ResultsThe study comprised 178 adults born preterm: 97 had received KMC and 81 were incubator care controls. Bivariate analysis showed larger volumes of total grey matter, basal nuclei and cerebellum in those who had received KMC, and the white matter was better organised. This means that the volumes of the main brain structures associated with intelligence, attention, memory and coordination were larger in the KMC group. Multivariate lineal regression analysis demonstrated the direct relationship between brain volumes and duration of KMC, after controlling for potential confounders.ConclusionOur findings suggest that the neuroprotective effects of KMC for preterm infants persisted beyond childhood and improved their lifetime functionality and quality of life.
Emulation and technological adaptation in late 18th‐century cloisonné‐style Chinese painted enamels
Authors: Norris Dana , Braekmans Dennis , Shortland Andrew 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCloisonné‐style motifs are rare and enigmatic in Chinese painted enamels because of their distinct technological development at the end of the 18th century. Five late Qianlong to Jiaqing period (1736–1820) Chinese painted enamels with cloisonné‐style motifs are investigated using environmental scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. Back‐scattered electron images and elemental analysis are combined to study the decorative enamelled surface. The compositions of the layers within the enamel, that of the counter enamel and the polychrome decoration on the surface are determined and identified. Fluorine and elevated amounts of calcium were detected, indicating that fluorite was likely used as a raw material. The presence of this mineral, which is typical of Chinese cloisonné, confirms that these objects share both aesthetic and technological relationships.
Socioeconomic and environmental factors jointly shape beta diversity of woody species in eastern China
Authors: Liu Jinliang , Jiang Bo , Yuan Weigao , Jin Chao , Jiao Jiejie , Wang Zhigao , Zhu Jinru , Zhan Xiaohao , Liu Jiajia , Wu Chuping 
Published: January 2022

AbstractQuestionsIncreasingly, studies have demonstrated that not only environmental factors but also socioeconomic factors are important in determining species richness patterns. However, few studies have explored their effects on beta diversity. Here, we aimed to answer two questions based on woody species composition in a number of geographical administrative divisions: (1) how does beta diversity change with socioeconomic and environmental factors; and (2) what is the relative importance of socioeconomic and environmental factors in driving beta diversity of woody species?LocationEastern China.MethodsWe used abundance‐based beta diversity (Bray–Curtis) and species accumulation rate to quantify beta diversity of woody species of 20 counties in eastern China. Linear regression models were used to test the relationships between beta diversity and socioeconomic and environmental factors. The relative importance of socioeconomic and environmental factors in driving beta diversity was investigated using the variation partitioning method.ResultsWe found that elevation, annual precipitation, and location significantly affected species composition. Species accumulation rate increased significantly with Gross Domestic Product (GDP), GDP per capita and human population density, and decreased with forest cover, topographic and climatic heterogeneity. In addition, abundance‐based beta diversity increased significantly with human population density. Moreover, socioeconomic factors, topographic and climatic heterogeneity independently explained 25%, 15%, and 1% of abundance‐based beta diversity separately.ConclusionSocioeconomic factors may have significant effects on beta diversity patterns of woody plants. Our study highlights the urgent need to consider socioeconomic factors when exploring large‐scale biodiversity patterns in human‐dominated landscapes and formulating related forest management strategies.
“May I present you: my disgust!” – Declared disgust sensitivity in the presence of attractive models
Authors: Stefanczyk Michal Mikolaj , Lizak Katarzyna , Kowal Marta , Sorokowska Agnieszka 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDisgust sensitivity differs among men and women, and this phenomenon has been observed across numerous cultures. It remains unknown why such sex differences occur, but one of the reasons may relate to differences in self‐presentation. We tested that hypothesis in an experiment comprising 299 participants (49% women) randomly allocated into three groups. Each group completed the Three Domains Disgust Scale (TDDS) and rated how disgusting they found olfactory, visual, gustatory, and tactile disgust elicitors either when a male experimenter was present, a female experimenter was present, or no experimenter was present. We hypothesised that male participants in the female experimenter group would declare decreased levels of disgust sensitivity, and female participants in the male experimenter group would declare increased levels of disgust sensitivity. Results showed that despite sex differences in pathogen and sexual disgust, attractive experimenters did not evoke any differences in declared disgust across groups with one exception–both men and women self‐presented as more sensitive to sexual disgust in the presence of the female experimenter. We discuss our findings in the light of evolutionary and social theories.
Profiles and predictors of thriving in children on the autism spectrum
Authors: Simpson Kate , Clark Megan , Adams Dawn 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThriving is defined as the growth of attributes that mark a flourishing, healthy individual and include Competence, Confidence, Connectedness, Character, Caring and Contribution to self, family, community and civil society. Thriving has been linked to positive youth outcomes in neurotypical children and adolescents but has rarely been explored for individuals on the autism spectrum.MethodThis study explored the profiles and predictors of parent‐reported thriving in 111 school children on the autism spectrum, aged 6 to 14 years.ResultsParents rated children as having relative strengths in the Caring and Connectedness dimensions and relative challenges in the Competence dimension. Stronger thriving outcomes were consistently predicted by stronger socialization scores; however, the other predictors of outcome differed by dimensions.ConclusionThe current findings provide insight into the individual and contextual factors that predict thriving in children on the autism spectrum. As research into thriving is in its infancy, more work is needed to understand how child, family and contextual factors relate to thriving in individuals on the autism spectrum to foster positive outcomes.
Conversion of ileo‐pouch anal anastomosis to continent ileostomy: strategic surgical considerations and outcome
Authors: Ecker Karl‐Wilhelm , Dinh Christian , Ecker Nils K. J. , Möslein Gabriela 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimThe aim was to evaluate surgical strategies for conversion of failed ileo‐pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) to continent ileostomy (CI), taking morbidity and overall outcome into account. The hypothesis was that complex conversions are equivalent to the primary construction of a CI at the time of proctocolectomy.MethodThis was a retrospective analysis of IPAA conversions acknowledging the underlying disease (inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] and non‐IBD) and extent of pouch reconstruction (PR): type 1 (without PR), type 2 (partial PR), and type 3 (complete PR).ResultsTwenty‐six patients (IBD, n = 16; non‐IBD, n = 10) were converted (type 1, n = 13; type 2, n = 7; and type 3, n = 6).12/26 patients (46.2%) presented postoperative complications directly related to the conversion with scarification of two pouches. In a mean follow‐up time of 7.5 ± 6.6 years, 5/24 patients required revisional surgery. Of these, three required pouch excision. The cumulative probability of reoperation at the end of the second year increased to 21.7% and remained constant thereafter until the maximum follow‐up time of 26 years. The total pouch loss rate was 19.2% (5/26), of which all occurred in the first 3 years. No statistically significant differences were found between the conversion types, complications or pouch survival. For all parameters, IBD patients performed slightly unfavourably. Due to the overall small number of respective patients, a differentiated investigation of IBD was not performed.ConclusionComplex conversion procedures (types 1 and 2) deliver comparable long‐term results to new constructions (type 3), thereby limiting the loss of small bowel. IBD compromises outcome versus non‐IBD.
Carry‐over effects of larval food stress on adult energetics and life history in a nectar‐feeding butterfly
Authors: Niitepõld Kristjan , Boggs Carol L. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Stressful juvenile developmental conditions can affect performance and fitness later in life. In holometabolous insects such as butterflies, development under stressful conditions may lead to smaller adult size, lower reproductive output, and shorter lifespan. However, how larval developmental stress affects energy intake and expenditure in adult individuals is poorly understood.
We subjected last‐instar larvae of Speyeria mormonia Edwards (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) to periodic dietary restriction (DR) to examine the allocation of energy and nutrients among different life history processes. We measured adult food intake, resting metabolic rate (RMR), metabolic flight capacity, lifespan, and reproductive output. Consistent with pressure to disperse from a poor environment while maintaining offspring number, we predicted that stressed individuals would have increased adult food intake and higher flight capacity.
Adult body size was strongly reduced. Contrary to predictions, we found no compensatory adult feeding. Mass‐adjusted flight metabolic rate was reduced, suggesting poor dispersal capacity. Larval DR did not affect adult lifespan, nor did the rate of metabolic senescence change. Larval DR did affect RMR, as stressed females had a steeper slope between RMR and body mass, which may reflect differences in physiological activity due to condition.
Fecundity decreased less than predicted based on body mass. Instead of investing in flight capacity, females increased relative allocation to reproduction, which may partly buffer against poor environmental conditions.
Understanding the interplay of energy acquisition and allocation to life history traits across the life cycle is vital for predicting responses to environmental change.