bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transfüzyon bağımlı talasemi olgularında karaciğer demirini öngörmede serum ferritin düzeyi mi, T2 sekanslı manyetik rezonans görüntüleme mi daha etkin?
Authors: YILDIRIM Fatma , KOCA YOZGAT Ayça , TATLI DOĞAN Hayriye , TURHAN Nesrin , YARALI Hüsniye Neşe , ÖZBEK Namık Yaşar 
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Transfüzyon bağımlı talasemi hastalarında aşırı demir yüklenmesi, sürekli şelasyon tedavisi ve demir düzeyi izlemini gerektiren bir durumdur. Serum ferritin düzeyinin tayini, demir yükünü takip etmek için basit bir yöntem olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, karaciğer demir düzeyi tayininde manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) gibi yöntemlerin daha kesin olduğunu vurgulamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Talasemide demir yükünün anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunmak amacıyla, kök hücre transfüzyonuna hazırlık amacıyla karaciğer biyopsisi yapılan 14 transfüzyon bağımlı talasemi hastasının karaciğer demir düzeyi sonuçlarını karaciğer T2 MRG ve serum ferritin sonuçları ile karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Serum ferritin değeri ortalaması 2488,43±1520,18 mg/L idi. T2*MRG sonuçlarına göre karaciğer demir yükü değerlendirildiğinde sekiz hastada hafif düzey, beş hastada orta düzey, bir hastada ileri düzey demir birikimi saptandı. Modifiye Scheuer sınıflamasına göre biyopsilerde demir düzeyi iki hastada derece 1; yedi hastada derece 2; üç hastada derece 3 ve iki hastada derece 4 olarak değerlendirildi. Ferritin düzeyi arttıkça karaciğer demir biyopsi skoru da istatistiksel anlamlı olarak artmaktaydı (r=0,544 ve p=0,044). Karaciğer T2 MRG düzeyi ile karaciğer demir biyopsi skoru arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve ters yönlü korelasyon mevcuttu (r=-0,724 ve p=0,003). Karaciğer biyopsi demir skoruna göre demir düzeyini ayırt etmede ferritin düzeyi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmazken (p=0,096); T2*MRG ölçümlerine ilişkin ROC eğrisi altında kalan alan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (AUC=0,967; 95% CI: 0,880-1,000 ve p=0,005).
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda serum ferritin ve T2 MRG sonuçlarının karaciğer biyopsisi demir düzeyi ile korele olduğunu saptadık. Ancak ferritin düzeyinin karaciğer biyopsisi demir düzeyini göstermede sensitivite ve spesifitesinin düşük olduğu, T2 MRG ise sensitivite ve spesifitesinin yüksek olduğunu saptadık.
Astım ve alerjik rinit komorbiditesi olan çocuklarda nazofaringeal mikrobiyotanın araştırılması
Authors: ÇAVUŞOĞLU Cengiz , YÜKSEL Hasan , YAŞAR Adem , İNCİ Tarık , POLAT Furkan , AYDIN UYSAL Ayça , AYKUT Ayça 
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Çalışmada sağlıklı, astımlı ve alerjik rinitli çocukların nazofaringeal bakteriyel mikrobiyotasının karşılaştırılması, hastalarda olası mikrobiyal disbiyozisin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya toplam 15 olgu alınmıştır. Olguların beşi astımlı, beşi alerjik rinitli ve beşi sağlıklı kontrol grubudur. Nazal lavaj örneklerinden 16S metagenomiks ile üst solunum yolu mikrobiyotası belirlenmiştir.
Bulgular: Üst solunum yolu mikrobiyotasında en baskın şube astım hastalarında Firmucutes, sağlıklı kontrol grubu ve alerjik rinit grubunda ise Proteobacteria olarak saptanmıştır. Üst solunum yolu mikrobiyotasındaki en baskın cins ise astım hastalarında Dolosigranulum, sağlıklı kontrol grubunda Moraxella olarak saptanmıştır. Kontrol grubuyla karşılaştırıldığında astım hastalarında Moraxella cinsinin oranın azaldığı; Staphylococcus, Streptococcus ve Corynebacterium cinslerinin oranlarının arttığı belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak; çocukluk çağında üst solunum yolu mikrobiyotasının alerjik rinit ve astım patogenezini belirlemedeki rolü kesin olarak saptanamamıştır. Gruplar arası oransal fark bulunması, tüm havayolu mikrobiyomunun çalışılması durumunda olası bir farkın olabileceğini desteklemektedir.
Üst ekstremite yumuşak doku defektlerinin serbest flepler ile rekonstrüksiyonu
Authors: GÜR Ersin , TİFTİKCİOĞLU Yiğit Özer 
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Çeşitli etiyolojik nedenler sonucu ortaya çıkabilen üst ekstremite defektlerinin rekonstrüksiyonu için literatürde pek çok yöntem tanımlanmıştır. Bu yöntemler arasında lokal veya bölgesel flepler oldukça sık kullanılmakta olup çoğu defekt başarılı bir şekilde rekonstrükte edilebilmektedir. Bununla birlikte bazı büyük ve kompleks defektlerde, teknik olarak daha zor olan serbest flep seçenekleri
kaçınılmaz olabilmektedir. Çalışmamızda serbest fleplerle üst ekstremite rekonstrüksiyonu hakkındaki tecrübelerimizi sunmayı planladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: 2015 - 2021 yılları arasında 9 hastada (3 Kadın, 6 Erkek) serbest fleplerle üst ekstremite rekonstrüksiyonu uygulandı. Hastaların yaşları 22-68 arasında değişmekteydi. Serbest flep tercihlerimiz arasında 4 hastada anterolateral uyluk flebi, 4 hastada latissimus dorsi serbest flebi ve 1 hastada radial ön kol serbest flebi yer almaktaydı. Hastaların defektleri; 3 hastada el dorsumu, 1
hastada amputasyon güdüğü, 2 hastada ön kol ile birlikte el dorsumu ve 3 hastada ön kol ile birlikte dirsekte bulunmaktaydı.
Bulgular: Bütün hastalarda alıcı arter olarak radial arter seçildi. Alıcı ven olarak, radial arterin konkomitan veni veya yüzeyel venöz sistem kullanıldı. 6 hastada uç-uca, 3 hastada uç-yan anastomoz yapıldı.1 hastada arteriyel tromboz ve 1 hastada venöz tromboz gözlendi. Vasküler komplikasyon görülen bu hastalarda serbest latissimus dorsi flebi tercih edilmişti. İki hasta da erken dönem kurtarma cerrahisine alınarak anastomoz hatları yenilendi ve flepler kurtarıldı. Diğer hastalarda ek komplikasyon izlenmedi. Klinik serimizde flep kaybı yaşanmadı.
Sonuç: Uygun vakalarda, üst ekstremite yumuşak doku rekonstrüksiyonları için serbest flepler güvenle kullanılabilir. Teknik deneyim gerektirmekle beraber, minimal donör saha problemleri nedeniyle perforatör tabanlı serbest fleplerin oldukça avantajlı olduğu ve uygun hastalarda ilk yöntem olarak güvenle seçilebileceği kanaatindeyiz.
High Rates of Imminent Subsequent Fracture After Femoral Neck Fracture in the Elderly
Authors: Bogoch Earl , Marcano-Fernández Francesc A. , Schemitsch Emil H. , Zhou Qi , Bzovsky Sofia , Bhandari Mohit , Schneider Prism S. , Swiontkowski Marc , Sprague Sheila ,   the FAITH Investigators,   the HEALTH Investigators
Published: August 2022

Background:
Fragility fractures of the hip are known to be followed frequently by subsequent fragility fractures, including second hip fractures. Data on subsequent fractures are available for aggregated index femoral neck and intertrochanteric femoral fractures, grouped generically as hip fractures, but not specifically for femoral neck fractures. There is increasing recognition that a subsequent fracture often occurs early after a hip fracture in the elderly, creating an emphasis on the concept of “imminent fracture risk.” Since 2000, there have been many reports on the care gap in interventions after a fragility fracture, with concern regarding the slow uptake of appropriate systemic treatments designed to prevent a subsequent fracture in high-risk patients.

Methods:
As planned a priori, we performed an analysis of subsequent fractures after an index femoral neck fracture in 2 prospective clinical trials involving 2,520 patients from 90 sites on 5 continents. We recorded the incidence and time of occurrence of all secondary fragility fractures as well as the reported use of bone-protective medication in all subjects.

Results:
In the 24 months following the index femoral neck fracture, 226 (9.0%) of 2,520 patients sustained at least 1 subsequent fragility fracture, including 113 hip fractures (4.5%). The median interval from the index fracture to a subsequent fracture was approximately 9.0 months. Only 25.2% (634) of the 2,520 patients reported using bone-protective medications at any time during follow-up. Female patients, those with nondisplaced index fractures, and those treated with arthroplasty, were more likely to have received protective medication.

Conclusions:
Subsequent fractures, including second hip fractures, occurred frequently and early following an index femoral neck fracture in 2 large global cohorts. Interventions to prevent a subsequent fracture were instituted in only 1 of 4 patients, even though a focused directive was included in both study protocols.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Periprosthetic Femur Fractures in Osseointegration Amputees
Authors: Hoellwarth Jason Shih , Rozbruch S. Robert 
Published: August 2022

Cases:
Two patients with periprosthetic femur fracture proximal to a femoral osseointegration had surgical stabilization. These cases produced operative challenges because commonly used intraoperative traction methods cannot be used for patients with transfemoral osseointegration.

Conclusion:
We describe a novel technique to apply traction and rotation to the osseointegrated extremity: using the implant's antirotation propeller handle. This allows for an otherwise familiar technique to be used for fracture fixation: open reduction with internal fixation using a proximal femur hook plate and eccentric peri-implant screws.
Demonstrating the safety and efficacy of the Hemafuse device for autotransfusion in a swine model of intraperitoneal pelvic hemorrhage
Authors: Treffalls Rebecca N , Stonko David P , Lang Eric , Lubas Matthew , Morrison Jonathan J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Noncompressible hemorrhage, such as pelvic hemorrhage, is associated with a high mortality rate and is a potentially preventable cause of death. Blood transfusion is a critical part of resuscitation, however, the availability or storage of blood products in austere and rural settings can impede or delay necessary transfusion. Similarly, large animal laboratories may also have limited resources, such as no banked animal blood. To minimize the need for donor blood products, blood recovery and autotransfusion can be performed using an intra-operative cell salvage machine. While this technique has proven to be beneficial, it is expensive, requires electricity, and can delay the time of transfusion. Recently, a handheld autotransfusion device was created for rural, remote, or low-resource facilities to return shed blood back to a patient or animal undergoing surgery quickly. To determine the resuscitative feasibility of the device, we sought to develop a swine model of open intraperitoneal pelvic hemorrhage, which is a common clinical scenario in low resource settings where cesarean section is one of the most common operations. The aim of this study is to use a model of pelvic hemorrhage to compare resuscitation strategies encountered in austere environments:Strategy 1 (control arm): a crystalloid-based resuscitation.Strategy 2 (therapeutic arm): salvaged, filtered blood recovered by a novel handheld device.Primary outcome: · Red blood cell mass (hematocrit) at four hours following resuscitation.Secondary outcomes: · Hematologic: complete blood count (WBC, RBC, Hb, Hct, platelet count), free Hb, blood smear, blood culture, and potassium. · Coagulation: thromboelastography (TEG), INR, PT, aPTT, ACT. · Hemodynamic measures: mean arterial pressure and heart rate trends. · Device: time to evacuate blood and time to re-transfusion.
Laser ultrasonic Evaluation of 316L Corrosion Resistance Based on the Influence of Grain Size
Authors: ZHU Zhenge , YIN Anmin , XU Xiaodong , ZHANG Shuyi , ZHANG Zewen , SHU Xuedao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Several 316L samples with different grain size and distribution were conducted with different heat treatments, and then each samples were measured by scanning electron microscope(SEM), Laser ultrasonic, and Electrochemistry. Longitudinal wave echoes were used to calculate the attenuation of ultrasound after wavelet transform. The results show that the average grain size will affect the corrosion resistance of the sample, and the attenuation of ultrasonic waves has a high sensitivity to the average grain size. Finally, a laser ultrasonic evaluation method for 316L corrosion resistance based on the influence of mean grain size on corrosion resistance is proposed, and it is a nondestructive testing method which could be used in online testing.
Structural, morphological, electrical, and magnetic characteristics of 20MnFe2O4-80SiO2 nanocomposite synthesized by the one-pot auto-combustion route.
Authors: Salehizadeh Ali , Costa Benilde , Rodrigues V. H. , Greneche Jean-Marc , Valente M.A. , Graça Manuel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We report an investigation of the structural, morphological, the ac-dc electrical, magnetic, and Mössbauer spectroscopy properties of 20MnFe2O4-80SiO2 nanocomposite prepared using a one-step and facile auto-combustion approach. XRD pattern shows the formation of MnFe2O4 nanocrystallite without any crystallization of the SiO2 phase. However, the presence of a secondary phase of the nanosized α-Fe2O3 particles was also detected. The morphological analysis showed aggregation of polygonal magnetic nano-crystallites dispersed non-uniformly in a silica matrix. The dc electrical measurements performed on a wide range of temperatures from 120 to 400 K showed the semiconducting nature of the nanocomposite. The temperature dependence of dc conductivity could be perfectly fitted to the nearest neighborhood hopping model with activation energy, ΔENNH, of 0.45 eV. The Nyquist plots demonstrated a nonmonotonous thermally activated trend and non-Debye relaxation behavior. An equivalent circuit was successfully fitted to the complex impedance spectra. The variation of both grain and grain boundary conductivities as a function of temperature exhibited three distinct regions, semiconducting-metallic-semiconducting with different activation energies over the measured temperature window. The provided description of such behavior is further advocated by the ac conductivity and dielectric modulus studies. VSM measurements revealed that the nanocomposite magnetic behavior deviates from the ideal non-interacting superparamagnetic picture, due to the presence of α-Fe2O3 nanocrystalline impurities and relatively intensive exchange interactions between ions. Mössbauer spectra showed the presence of Fe3+ ions with sixfold environment and also confirmed the existence of a sextet related to α-Fe2O3 with a quantity of 28% out of magnetic components. Fe3+ superparamagnetic doublets were also found within the fitting procedure.
Timber species automatic identification from Peru Amazonia images using lightweight neural networks
Authors: Velez Andres , Fabijańska Anna , Ferreira Cassiana Alves , Centeno Thonny , Cobden Victor Hugo , Inga Janet Gaby , Gamarra Daniel , Tomazello-Filho Mario 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The correct identification of timber species is a complicated task for the wood industry and government institutions regulating the different laws that ensure legal and transparent commerce. Currently, experts perform this process using the organoleptic characteristics of the wood. However, the methodology used is time-consuming and limited to environmental conditions. Moreover, it has a scalability issue since acquiring this specific knowledge and experience has a slow learning curve. On the other hand, deep learning models have evolved as possible solutions for process automation. Therefore, this paper explores convolutional neural network models suited to run on edge devices. The present study created a database with 25k images of 25 timber species from the Peruvian Amazon. We trained-validated multiple lightweight models (less than 5M). The experiments were made using a repeated stratified k-fold cross-validation approach to estimate the performance of the classifiers. The experiments show that the best model has an F1 score metric of 99.90\% and 58ms latency using 561k parameters. Furthermore, the created model showed an excellent ability to identify species, opening up space for future integration with mobile applications, which helps minimize the time spent and the identification errors on timber identification carried out by experts on control points.
Testing a very low-carbohydrate adaption of the Diabetes Prevention Program among adults with prediabetes: study protocol for the Lifestyle Education about Prediabetes (LEAP) trial
Authors: Griauzde Dina Hafez , O’Brien Alison , Yancy William S. , Richardson Caroline R. , Krinock Jamie , DeJonckheere Melissa , Isaman Deanna JM , Vanias Kaitlyn , Shopinski Samuel , Saslow Laura 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Diabetes Prevention Program (NDPP) aims to help individuals with prediabetes avoid progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through weight loss. Specifically, the NDPP teaches individuals to follow a low-fat, calorie-restricted diet and to engage in regular physical activity to achieve ≥5% body weight loss. Most NDPP participants, however, do not achieve this weight loss goal, and glycemic control remains largely unchanged. One promising opportunity to augment the NDPP’s weight loss and glycemic effectiveness may be to teach participants to follow a very low-carbohydrate diet (VLCD), which can directly reduce post-prandial glycemia and facilitate weight loss by reducing circulating insulin and enabling lipolysis. To date there have been no high-quality, randomized controlled trials to test whether a VLCD can prevent progression to T2DM among individuals with prediabetes. The aim of this study is to test the effectiveness of a VLCD version the NDPP (VLC-NDPP) versus the standard NDPP. We hypothesize the VLC-NDPP will demonstrate greater improvements in weight loss and glycemic control.Methods: We propose to conduct a 12-month, 1:1, randomized controlled trial that will assign 300 adults with overweight or obesity and prediabetes to either the NDPP or VLC-NDPP. The primary outcome will be glycemic control as measured by change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) from baseline to 12-months. Secondary outcomes will include percent body weight change and changes in glycemic variability, inflammatory markers, lipids, and interim HbA1c. We will evaluate progression to T2DM and initiation of anti-hyperglycemic agents. We will conduct qualitative interviews among a purposive sample of participants to explore barriers to and facilitators of dietary adherence. The principal quantitative analysis will be intent-to-treat using hierarchical linear mixed effects models to assess differences over time. Discussion: The NDPP is the dominant public health strategy for T2DM prevention. Changing the program’s dietary advice to include a carbohydrate-restricted eating pattern as an alternative option may enhance the program’s effectiveness. If the VLC-NDPP shows promise, this trial would be a precursor to a multi-site trial with incident T2DM as the primary outcome.Trial Registration: NCT05235425. Registered February 11, 2022.
The mutational spectrum in whole exon of p53 in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Its clinical implications
Authors: Hyodo Toshiki , Kuribayashi Nobuyuki , Fukumoto Chonji , Komiyama Yuske , Shiraishi Ryo , Kamimura Ryouta , Sawatani Yuta , Yaguchi Erika , Hasegawa Tomonori , Izumi Sayaka , Wakui Takahiro , Nakashiro Koh-ichi , Uchida Daisuke , Kawamata Hitoshi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Mutations in p53 are common in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, in previous analyses, only detection of mutant p53 protein using immunohistochemistry or mutations in some exons have been examined. Full length mutant p53 protein in many cases shows a loss of tumor suppressor function, but in some cases possibly shows a gain of oncogenic function. In this study, we investigate relationships of outcomes with the mutational spectrum of p53 (missense and truncation mutations) in whole exon in OSCC. Specimens from biopsy or surgery (67 cases) were evaluated using next-generation sequencing for p53, and other oncogenic driver genes. The data were compared with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) using univariate and multivariate analyses. p53 mutations were detected in 54 patients (80.6%), 33 missense mutations and 24 truncation mutations. p53 mutations were common in the DNA-binding domain (43/52) and many were missense mutations (31/43). Mutations in other regions were mostly p53 truncation mutations. A comparison of cases with p53 mutations (missense or truncation) with wild-type p53 cases showed a significant difference in lymph node metastasis. DFS was significantly poorer in cases with p53 truncation mutations. Cases with p53 truncation mutations increased malignancy. In contrast, significant differences were not found between cases with p53 missense mutations and other mutations. The p53 missense mutation cases might include cases with mostly similar function to that of the wild-type, cases with loss of function, and cases with various degrees of gain of oncogenic function.
Bending and Impact Performance of Kevlar/Basalt Fabric Interlayer Hybrid Curved Composites
Authors: Ruan Fangtao , Hao Wang , Chenglong Xia , Qingyong Yang , Lihua Zou , Zhenzhen Xu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The bending and impact properties of interlayer hybrid curved laminates reinforced with woven Kevlar and basalt fabrics and manufactured by a hand lay-up process with epoxy resin were studied. The results of the investigation showed that the interlayer arrangement of fabrics significantly affects the impact and bending properties of the composite. The placement of Kevlar fibres on the impact side can increase the impact and flexural strengths. In addition, the use of basalt fabric on the impact reverse side or multi-layer hybrid structuring further improves the impact properties of the materials. A sandwich-structure composite with basalt layers in the middle and Kevlar layers on both sides shows further improvement in the bending properties. This hybrid composite combines the good mechanical properties of inorganic brittle fibres with the excellent impact resistance of organic ductile fibres and can provide design concepts for sports equipment such as helmets.
Parietal and occipital leukoaraiosis due to cerebral ischaemic lesions decrease the driving safety performance of healthy older adults
Authors: Oba Hikaru , Park Kaechang , Yamashita Fumio , Sato Shinichi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Leukoaraiosis, a common ischaemic lesion diagnosed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), can influence driving safety performance (DSP). Most older drivers with leukoaraiosis are unaware of their affliction. Japan is a super-aged country, where preventing accidents caused by older drivers is an urgent national issue. We investigated the subcortical and periventricular leukoaraiosis regions that were most involved in DSP decline. The driving skills of 101 drivers (51 men, 50 women; mean age, 77.88 ± 3.75 years) without dementia were assessed by official driving instructors, using actual vehicles on a closed-circuit course. Parietal and occipital (but not frontal or temporal) leukoaraiosis volumes were significantly correlated with decreased DSP scores regardless of age, especially when turning right at intersections, which needs more attention than turning left because left-side driving is legally enforced in Japan. Occipital leukoaraiosis was also involved via a decline in dynamic visual cognitive function. MRI-based assessment of leukoaraiosis volume and localisation may enable the identification of older drivers prone to DSP deterioration. Risk factors for leukoaraiosis include smoking and lifestyle-related diseases such as hypertension. Thus, brain healthcare in patients with MRI-diagnosed leukoaraiosis may be particularly useful for the risk management of traffic accidents caused by the elderly in Japan.