bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are preoperative CT variables associated with the success or failure of subsequent ventral hernia repair: nested case-control study
Authors: Kumar Shankar , Rao Nikhil , Parker Sam , Plumb Andrew , Windsor Alastair , Mallett Sue , Halligan Steve 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Systematic review of CT measurements to predict the success or failure of subsequent ventral hernia repair has found limited data available in the indexed literature. To rectify this, we investigated multiple preoperative CT metrics to identify if any were associated with postoperative reherniation.

Methods
Following ethical permission, we identified patients who had undergone ventral hernia repair and had preoperative CT scanning available. Two radiologists made multiple measurements of the hernia and abdominal musculature from these scans, including loss of domain. Patients were divided subsequently into two groups, defined by hernia recurrence at 1-year subsequent to surgery. Hypothesis testing investigated any differences between CT measurements from each group.

Results
One hundred eighty-eight patients (95 male) were identified, 34 (18%) whose hernia had recurred by 1-year. Only three of 34 CT measurements were significantly different when patients whose hernia had recurred were compared to those who had not; these significant findings were assumed contingent on multiple testing. In particular, preoperative hernia volume (recurrence 155.3 cc [IQR 355.65] vs. no recurrence 78.2 [IQR 303.52], p = 0.26) nor loss of domain, whether calculated using the Tanaka (recurrence 0.02 [0.04] vs. no recurrence 0.009 [0.04], p = 0.33) or Sabbagh (recurrence 0.019 [0.05] vs. no recurrence 0.009 [0.04], p = 0.25) methods, differed between significantly between groups.

Conclusions
Preoperative CT measurements of ventral hernia morphology, including loss of domain, appear unrelated to postoperative recurrence. It is likely that the importance of such measurements to predict recurrence is outweighed by other patient factors and surgical reconstruction technique.

Key Points
• Preoperative CT scanning is often performed for ventral hernia but systematic review revealed little data regarding whether CT variables predict postoperative reherniation.
• We found that the large majority of CT measurements, including loss of domain, did not differ significantly between patients whose hernia did and did not recur.
• It is likely that the importance of CT measurements to predict recurrence is outweighed by other patient factors and surgical reconstruction technique.
Combined quantitative T2 mapping and [18F]FDG PET could improve lateralization of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Zhang Miao , Huang Hui , Liu Wei , Tang Lihong , Li Qikang , Wang Jia , Huang Xinyun , Lin Xiaozhu , Meng Hongping , Wang Jin , Zhan Shikun , Li Biao , Luo Jie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate whether quantitative T2 mapping is complementary to [18F]FDG PET in epileptogenic zone detection, thus improving the lateralization accuracy for drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) using hybrid PET/MR.

Methods
We acquired routine structural MRI, T2-weighted FLAIR, whole brain T2 mapping, and [18F]FDG PET in 46 MTLE patients and healthy controls on a hybrid PET/MR scanner, followed with computing voxel-based z-score maps of patients in reference to healthy controls. Asymmetry indexes of the hippocampus were calculated for each imaging modality, which then enter logistic regression models as univariate or multivariate for lateralization. Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) recordings and clinical decisions were collected as gold standard.

Results
Routine structural MRI and T2w-FLAIR lateralized 47.8% (22/46) of MTLE patients, and FDG PET lateralized 84.8% (39/46). T2 mapping combined with [18F]FDG PET improved the lateralization accuracy by correctly lateralizing 95.6% (44/46) of MTLE patients. The asymmetry indexes of hippocampal T2 relaxometry and PET exhibit complementary tendency in detecting individual laterality, especially for MR-negative patients. In the quantitative analysis of z-score maps, the ipsilateral hippocampus had significantly lower SUVR (LTLE, p < 0.001; RTLE, p < 0.001) and higher T2 value (LTLE, p < 0.001; RTLE, p = 0.001) compared to the contralateral hippocampus. In logistic regression models, PET/T2 combination resulted in the highest AUC of 0.943 in predicting lateralization for MR-negative patients, followed by PET (AUC = 0.857) and T2 (AUC = 0.843).

Conclusions
The combination of quantitative T2 mapping and [18F]FDG PET could improve lateralization for temporal lobe epilepsy.

Key Points
• Quantitative T2 mapping and18F-FDG PET are complementary in the characterization of hippocampal alterations of MR-negative temporal lobe epilepsy patients.
• The combination of quantitative T2 and18F-FDG PET obtained from hybrid PET/MR could improve lateralization for temporal lobe epilepsy.
Biochar and Selenium Nanoparticles Induce Water Transporter Genes for Sustaining Carbon Assimilation and Grain Production in Salt-Stressed Wheat
Authors: Soliman Mona H. , Alnusairi Ghalia S. H. , Khan Amir Abdullah , Alnusaire Taghreed S. , Fakhr Marwa A. , Abdulmajeed Awatif M. , Aldesuquy Heshmat S. , Yahya Muhammad , Najeeb Ullah 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn a controlled environment experiment, we studied how physiological changes in leaves during the vegetative phase regulate final grain yield of wheat crops in salt-affected soils. We also hypothesized that amendments such as biochar (SB) and selenium-chitosan nanoparticles (Se-NPs) can protect wheat plants from salt injury. 20-day-old wheat plants were submitted to 4-week salt stress (3000 ppm NaCl). Soybean straw biochar was mixed with soil media at planting and Se-NPs (30 ppm) was sprayed 5 days after the first salt stress treatment. At the end of 4-week Se-NPs treatment, one set of plants was harvested for studying leaf level physiological changes. The salt-stressed plants accumulated significantly high leaf Na+(~ 13-fold increase), which trigged oxidative and osmotic damage. This salt-induced cellular injury was evident from significantly high levels of lipid membrane peroxidation and inhibited photosynthesis. Our study suggested that leaf physiological impairment in wheat plants was translated into poor biomass production and grain yield loss at crop maturity. Compared with control, salt-stressed plants produced 43% lesser biomass during vegetative phase, and 62% lesser grain yield at maturity. Amendments such as SB and Se-NPs protected the plants from salt-induced cellular injury by restricting Na+transport toward leaf tissues. Plants treated with NaCl + SB + Se-NPs accumulated 50% less Na+concentrations in leaves compared with NaCl-treated plants. Our study also suggested that SB and Se-NPs can restore ionic homeostasis and carbon assimilation in salt-stressed wheat by upregulating key transporter genes in leaves.
Improvement of bladder function after bladder augmentation surgery: a report of 26 years of clinical experience
Authors: Trojan Katharina C. , Schneider Joanna , Marco Beatriz Bañuelos , Ciesla Luise , Geppert Tamara , Kaindl Angela M. , Lingnau Anja 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction
To assess the long-term effect of bladder augmentation surgery in patients with spina bifida and to identify risk factors for severe bladder dysfunction requiring bladder augmentation.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on 178 patients with spina bifida, 23 of them underwent bladder augmentation. Surgery outcome was evaluated according to urodynamic assessments at three follow-up time points per patient up to 120 months postoperatively. The results were compared to the preoperative situation and to the non-operated control group. Bladder function was evaluated using the modified Hostility score. To identify risk factors for bladder dysfunction requiring bladder augmentation, characteristics such as type of spina bifida, lesion level and therapy of bladder dysfunction were analyzed.

Results
A high spinal lesion level is a risk factor for requiring bladder augmentation. In the BA group, significantly more thoracic lesions were found than NBA group, BA: 26.1%, NBA: 8.4% (p = 0.021). With bladder augmentation surgery, the modified Hostility score decreased from a preoperative median value of 4.3 ± 1.4 to 1.6 ± 1.0 at the third postoperative follow-up (FU3 = 61–120 months after surgery). In the reference group, the score of the last urological assessment was 2.0 ± 1.5. The age at which clean intermittent catheterization or anticholinergic medication started had no significant influence on the decision to perform bladder augmentation.

Discussion/conclusion
Spina bifida patients with bladder augmentation had a significant improvement of the bladder function even at long-term follow-up. A high level of spinal lesion was a predisposing factor for requiring a bladder augmentation.
Der außergewöhnliche Nachahmer einer Polymyositis
Authors: Jendrek S. T. , Glatzel M. , Pauli D. , Schinke S. , Humrich J. Y. , Lamprecht P. , Riemekasten G. 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungBeschrieben wird eine Hantavirus-assoziierte, ausgeprägte Myositis als seltene Differenzialdiagnose zu einer Polymyositis. In der Literatur wird für die Pathogenese der Hantaviruserkrankung weniger eine direkte virale Zytopathologie als eine sekundäre Immundysregulation mit Induktion eines Kapillarlecks diskutiert. Wir beschreiben mit diesem Fall erstmalig die erfolgreiche Behandlung einer protrahiert verlaufenen Hantavirus-Myositis mittels Einsatzes von hoch dosierten Glukokortikoiden und Cyclophosphamid, gefolgt von Ciclosporin und Methotrexat (MTX).
Validation of the TLICS and AOSpine injury score for surgical management of paediatric traumatic spinal injuries
Authors: Schömig Friederike , Taheri Nima , Kalaf Hussein , Muellner Maximilian , Becker Luis , Pumberger Matthias 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Fractures of the thoracolumbar spine in children are rare. Consequently, classification systems providing detailed treatment recommendations as already established in adults are still lacking in the paediatric population. We aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the thoracolumbar injury classification and severity score system (TLICS) and the AOSpine injury score in paediatric patients presenting with a traumatic fracture of the thoracolumbar spine.

Materials and methods
Patients younger than 18 years presenting with a traumatic thoracolumbar fracture at a large academic trauma centre between 2010 and 2020 were included retrospectively. Demographic and clinical data were retrieved from electronic medical reports. The AOSpine injury score and TLICS were calculated using plain radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and/or computed tomography.

Results
Sixty patients with 167 fractures were included. Surgical treatment was performed in 14 patients. The mean AOSpine injury score was 1.49 ± 2.0, the mean TLICS was 1.32 ± 1.65. A significant correlation between the classification systems was found (Spearman r = 0.975, p < 0.001). Interrater reliability analysis revealed Kappa values of 0.868 for the TLICS and 0.860 for the AOSpine injury score (p < 0.001). Contingency table analysis showed a sensitivity of 1.00 and specificity of 0.94 for the AOSpine injury score and a sensitivity of 0.90 and specificity of 0.90 for the TLICS in predicting the performed treatment.

Conclusions
Our results confirm that the TLICS is a valid classification system for determining treatment decisions in paediatric patients and show slightly higher accuracy of the AOSpine injury score as well as high interrater reliabilities for both classification systems.
One year after the COVID-19 outbreak in Germany: long-term changes in depression, anxiety, loneliness, distress and life satisfaction
Authors: Benke Christoph , Autenrieth Lara K. , Asselmann Eva , Pané-Farré Christiane A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSeveral studies have linked the COVID-19 pandemic to unfavorable mental health outcomes. However, we know little about long-term changes in mental health due to the pandemic so far. Here, we used longitudinal data from a general population sample of 1388 adults from Germany, who were initially assessed between April and May 2020 (i.e., at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany) and prospectively followed up after 6 (n = 1082) and 12 months (n = 945). Depressive and anxiety symptoms as well as loneliness did not change from baseline to 6-month follow-up. While anxiety symptoms did not change in the long run, depressive symptoms and loneliness increased and life satisfaction decreased from baseline to 12-month follow-up. Moreover, vulnerable groups such as younger individuals or those with a history of mental disorders exhibited an overall higher level of psychopathological symptoms across all assessment waves. Our findings suggest a deterioration in mental health during the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, which emphasizes the importance to implement targeted health promotions to prevent a further symptom escalation especially in vulnerable groups.
Validity of cingulate–precuneus–temporo-parietal hypometabolism for single-subject diagnosis of biomarker-proven atypical variants of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Isella Valeria , Crivellaro Cinzia , Formenti Anna , Musarra Monica , Pacella Sara , Morzenti Sabrina , Ferri Francesca , Mapelli Cristina , Gallivanone Francesca , Guerra Luca , Appollonio Ildebrando , Ferrarese Carlo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe aim of our study was to establish empirically to what extent reduced glucose uptake in the precuneus, posterior cingulate and/or temporo-parietal cortex (PCTP), which is thought to indicate brain amyloidosis in patients with dementia or MCI due to Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), permits to distinguish amyloid-positive from amyloid-negative patients with non-classical AD phenotypes at the single-case level. We enrolled 127 neurodegenerative patients with cognitive impairment and a positive (n. 63) or negative (n. 64) amyloid marker (cerebrospinal fluid or amy-PET). Three rating methods of FDG-PET scan were applied: purely qualitative visual interpretation of uptake images (VIUI), and visual reading assisted by a semi-automated and semi-quantitative tool: INLAB, provided by the Italian National Research Council, or Cortex ID Suite, marketed by GE Healthcare. Fourteen scans (11.0%) patients remained unclassified by VIUI or INLAB procedures, therefore, validity values were computed on the remaining 113 cases. The three rating approaches showed good total accuracy (77–78%), good to optimal sensitivity (81–93%), but poorer specificity (62–75%). VIUI showed the highest sensitivity and the lowest specificity, and also the highest proportion of unclassified cases. Cases with asymmetric temporo-parietal hypometabolism and a progressive aphasia or corticobasal clinical profile, in particular, tended to be rated as AD-like, even if biomarkers indicated non-amyloid pathology. Our findings provide formal support to the value of PCTP hypometabolism for single-level diagnosis of amyloid pathophysiology in atypical AD, but also highlight the risk of qualitative assessment to misclassify patients with non-AD PPA or CBS underpinned by asymmetric temporo-parietal hypometabolism.
Single anastomosis duodenal-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S): experience from a high-bariatric volume center
Authors: Pennestrì Francesco , Sessa Luca , Prioli Francesca , Salvi Giulia , Gallucci Pierpaolo , Ciccoritti Luigi , Greco Francesco , De Crea Carmela , Raffaelli Marco 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch and single anastomosis duodenal-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) are technically demanding hypo-absorptive bariatric procedures generally indicated in super-obese patients (BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2). Data from the literature prove the procedure to be safe and effective, with promising bariatric and metabolic effects. Anyway, international societies support the creation of multicentric national and international registries to obtain more homogeneous data over the long period. We aimed to report our experience with this procedure.

Methods
Among 2313 patients who underwent bariatric procedures at our institution, between July 2016 and August 2021, 121 (5.2%) consenting patients were scheduled for SADI-S as primary (SADIS) or revisional procedure after sleeve gastrectomy (SADI) (respectively 87 and 34 patients). Early and late post-operative complications, operative time, post-operative stay, and follow-up data were analyzed.

Results
Overall, the median preoperative BMI was 52.3 (48.75–57.05) kg/m2 with a median age of 44 (39–51) years, the median operative time was 120 (100–155) min. Complications at 30th-day post-op were registered in 4 (3.3%) patients and late complications in 4 (3.3%) patients. At a median follow-up of 31 (14–39) months, the median percentage excess weight loss was 79.8 (55.15–91.45)%, and the median total weight loss was 57.0650 (43.3925–71.3475)%.

Conclusion
Our data, coherently with the literature, confirm that SADI-S is a safe, effective procedure with acceptable complications rate. Larger studies with longer follow-ups are necessary to draw definitive conclusions.
Parental insulin resistance is associated with unhealthy lifestyle behaviours independently of body mass index in children: The Feel4Diabetes study
Authors: González-Gil Esther M. , Giménez-Legarre Natalia , Cardon Greet , Mavrogianni Christina , Kivelä Jemina , Iotova Violeta , Tankova Tsvetalina , Imre Rurik , Liatis Stavros , Makrilakis Konstantinos , Schwarz Peter , Timpel Patrick , Dupont Elisabeth , Couck Pedro , Manios Yannis , Moreno Luis A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractParental health is associated with children’s health and lifestyles. Thus, the aim of the present study was to assess lifestyle behaviours of children of parents with insulin resistance (IR) and at risk of type 2 diabetes. 2117 European families from the Feel4Diabetes-study were identified as being at risk for diabetes with the FINDRISC questionnaire and included in the present study. One parent and one child per family were included. Parental IR was considered when homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) was equal or higher than 2.5. Children’s screen-time, physical activity and diet were assessed and clustered by K-means. Weight and height were measured and children’s body mass index (BMI) was calculated. For children, a Healthy Diet Score (HDS) was calculated. Linear regression and multilevel logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between parental IR and children’s lifestyle behaviours in 2021. Children of parents with IR had higher BMI (p < 0.001) and spent more screen time (p = 0.014) than those of non-IR parents. Children of parents with IR had a lower value in the breakfast and vegetable components of the HDS (p = 0.008 and p = 0.05). Four lifestyle clusters were found. Children of IR parents had higher odds of being in a non-healthy cluster (OR: 1.19; 95%CI: 1.001–1.437).Conclusion: Having an IR parent was associated with a high screen time and an increased probability of having an unhealthy lifestyle pattern in children. These data point out that children’s lifestyles should be assessed in families with IR parents to provide tailored interventions.

What is Known:• Children with diabetic or insulin-resistant parents could also develop this condition.• Unhealthy lifestyles are directly related with insulin resistance even in children.

What is New:• Children from parents with insulin resistance have higher chances of unhealthy lifestyles.• A higher BMI was found for those children with an insulin-resistant parent.
Nephrocalcinosis in very low birth weight infants: incidence, associated factors, and natural course
Authors: Fayard Jeanne , Pradat Pierre , Lorthois Sylvie , Bacchetta Justine , Picaud Jean-Charles 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background

Preterm kidney is exposed to various exogenous factors that may impact its function such as nephrotoxic drugs or nephrocalcinosis. We investigated prevalence and risk factors of nephrocalcinosis (NC) in recently born very low birth weight (VLBW) infants submitted to improved biological monitoring.

Methods
Retrospective, case–control study in very preterm infants (< 32 + 6 weeks, ≤ 1500 g) admitted to a tertiary care unit during a 6-year period. Each case (ultrasound-diagnosed NC) was matched with two controls (no NC). Data were collected at days 15 and 30 of life and 35 weeks corrected age, with follow-up at 18 months and 3 years.

Results
Of 525 eligible infants, overall prevalence of NC was 17.1% at 35 weeks corrected age. Prevalence was halved between 2012 (26.1%) and 2017 (11.8%). We included 265 infants, more than half being born before 28 weeks. Cases presented with more severe morbidity than controls, but reached statistical significance only in infants born < 28 weeks (88.2% vs. 68.3%, P = 0.01). Protein, energy, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D intakes were similar in the two groups and did not change significantly over the study period. Weight gain was similar in the two groups. Exposure to furosemide (OR [IC95%]: 1.26 [1.02; 1.57]) and postnatal growth (1.65 [1.04; 2.67]) were independent risk factors of NC. NC resolved 12–18 months after diagnosis in 61% of infants.

Conclusion
Prevalence of NC is significant but can be reduced. Furosemide should be cautiously prescribed in VLBW infants, and nutritional support must be well monitored to support postnatal growth and limit risk of nephrocalcinosis.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT 04,860,583.

Graphical abstract
A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information
A rare failure detection model for aircraft predictive maintenance using a deep hybrid learning approach
Authors: Dangut Maren David , Jennions Ian K. , King Steve , Skaf Zakwan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe use of aircraft operation logs to develop a data-driven model to predict probable failures that could cause interruption poses many challenges and has yet to be fully explored. Given that aircraft is high-integrity assets, failures are exceedingly rare. Hence, the distribution of relevant log data containing prior signs will be heavily skewed towards the typical (healthy) scenario. Thus, this study presents a novel deep learning technique based on the auto-encoder and bidirectional gated recurrent unit networks to handle extremely rare failure predictions in aircraft predictive maintenance modelling. The auto-encoder is modified and trained to detect rare failures, and the result from the auto-encoder is fed into the convolutional bidirectional gated recurrent unit network to predict the next occurrence of failure. The proposed network architecture with the rescaled focal loss addresses the imbalance problem during model training. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated using real-world test cases of log-based warning and failure messages obtained from the fleet database of aircraft central maintenance system records. The proposed model is compared to other similar deep learning approaches. The results indicated an 18% increase in precision, a 5% increase in recall, and a 10% increase in G-mean values. It also demonstrates reliability in anticipating rare failures within a predetermined, meaningful time frame.