bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factor Affecting Insurance Companies Profitability in Ethiopia
Authors: Ababu Dereje Gebeyehu , Getahun Azmeraw Misganaw , Ayele Dagne Desta 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The performance of any firm not only plays the role to increase the market value of that specific firm but also leads towards the growth of the whole industry which ultimately leads towards the overall prosperity of the economy. The aim of this study was determining factor that affect profitability of Insurance Company in Ethiopia. Methodology: The sample in this study includes 5 years data from 2012 to 2016 which is secondary data obtained from the financial statements (Balance sheet and Profit/Loss account) of Insurance Companies in Ethiopia are analyzed. To comply with the objective of this research, the authors are primarily used based on quantitative research, which constructed an econometrics model to identify and measure the determinants of profitability.Results: The average and standard deviation for profitability of insurance company measured by using Return on assets (ROA) for Ethiopian insurance companies was 0.117 and 0.08, respectively. In the univariable analysis, age of company, Firm Growth, Company Size, Leverage and market share are highly significant predictors of profitability. Furthermore, age of company, leverage and branch distribution was found the crucial factors in determining the profitability of insurance companies using multivariable analysis in Ethiopia.
Performance Computation of Modified Spin Coater via Taguchi Method for Coating of Solar Cells for high speed optical Networks
Authors: Heeravathi S. , Christy Ananthi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Spin coating was used to produce thin coatings on moderately flat substrates. The coating material solution was dumped onto the substrate and turned off at a high velocity in the range of 1000–8000 rpm, leaving a uniform layer. The ultimate thickness of the deposited film was determined by the angular speed, solution viscosity, and spinning time. The advantages of spin-coating include the ability to achieve very fine, fine, and uniform coverage; however, the problem with large samples is a drawback. In this paper, we propose a fine-tuning technique for a modified spin-coating device to coat a zinc oxide (ZnO) solution on a solar cell for increasing the efficiency of the solar cell. We examined nine samples prepared using different parametric conditions, such as the spinning speed, spinning time, and quantity of solution. The spinning speed was set as 1000, 1500, and 2000 rpm. Increasing the evaporation rate instantly in the spin coater resulted in a smooth and uniform thin film. The surface of the layer and the availability of the solution were examined using scanning electron microscopy. To determine the optimal process parameters of the spin coater, the Taguchi method was used. By studying the main effects plot of the signal-to-noise ratio, the optimal settings of the parameters were obtained: a spinning time of 3 s, spinning speed of 2000 rpm, and ZnO solution quantity of 5 µL yielded the desired thickness of 2.4 µm and good uniformity. The experimental results, process parameters, and response parameters were investigated via an analysis of variance. After the solar cell was coated with the modified spin-coating device, its efficiency was 5.4%.
Pediatric chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy associated with hypoglossal nerve involvement
Authors: Süt Nurşah Yeniay , Yıldırım Miraç , Bektaş Ömer , Kartal Ayşe Tuğba , Teber Serap 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is a rare autoimmune peripheral nervous system disease characterized by progressive or relapsing symmetric weakness and sensory dysfunction. It may rarely cause cranial nerve neuropathy. Although cranial nerve involvement is rarer in CIDP than Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), it may occur in rapid-onset and relapsed courses. We present an 8-year-old boy with hypoglossal nerve involvement, which has not been previously described in children. No accompanying disorder or antibodies were identified. This report is the first case in the literature for hypoglossal nerve involvement in children with CIDP. This report expands on the phenotypic features of CIDP in children and highlights that CIDP may represent with hypoglossal nerve involvement in children.
Spatiotemporal changes of cyanobacterial and heterotrophic bacterial communities during an algal bloom in a subtropical water source reservoir ecosystem of China
Authors: Huang Zhenhua , Jiang Cancan , Xu Shengjun , Zheng Xiaoxu , Lv Ping , Wang Cong , Wang Dongsheng , Zhuang Xuliang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Massive nitrogen and phosphorus input into aquatic ecosystems makes algal bloom one of the most concerning problems in China. Algal blooms not only threaten the health and stability of aquatic ecosystems but also influence the microbial community within. However, less is known regarding how algal bloom affects the spatiotemporal variation of the aquatic microbial community, including cyanobacteria and other bacteria. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing to investigate how the cyanobacterial and bacterial community diversity and composition spatiotemporally vary along with main algal bloom phases in upstream rivers of a eutrophicated water source reservoir. For both cyanobacteria and bacteria, their diversities demonstrated temporal significance amongst different phases in each river, indicating the apparent impact of algal bloom. Dominant cyanobacterial taxa included Cyanobacteriales and Synechococcales, and dominant bacterial taxa comprised Acinetobacter, CL500-29, hgcI clade, Limnohabitans, Flavobacterium, Rhodoluna, Porphyrobacter, Rhodobacter, Pseudomonas, and Rhizobiales, whose relative abundance varied along with the algal bloom, rendering distinct community composition for each river. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis additionally indicated significant differences amongst different phases, and the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) with LDA effect size analysis (LEfSe) helped to identify the dominant species (OTUs) in each river at different phases. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) or redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed distinct correlation patterns of cyanobacterial and bacterial communities with the environmental parameters, which implies their distinct ecological functions. In general, these results demonstrated the significant influence of algal bloom on microbial communities in a eutrophicated water source reservoir basin. These observations also arouse universal demands for strategies conserving the aquatic microbial equilibrium and alleviating algal blooms in reservoirs.
Two-Dimensional ECG-based Cardiac Arrhythmia Classification using DSE-ResNet
Authors: Li Jiahao , Pang Shao-peng , Xu Fangzhou , Zhou Shuwang , Shu Minglei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is mostly used for clinical diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmia due to its simplicity, non-invasiveness, and reliability. Recently, many models based on the Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been applied to the automatic classification of cardiac arrhythmia with great success. However, most models independently extract the internal features of each lead in the 12-lead ECG during the training phase, resulting in a lack of inter-lead features. Here, we propose a general model based on the two-dimensional ECG and ResNet with detached squeeze-and-excitation modules (DSE-ResNet) to realize the automatic classification of 9 cardiac arrhythmias. The original 12-lead ECG is spliced into a two-dimensional plane like a grayscale picture. DSE-ResNet is used to simultaneously extract the internal and inter-lead features of the two-dimensional ECG. Furthermore, an orthogonal experiment method is used to optimize the hyper-parameters of DSE-ResNet and a multi-model voting strategy is used to improve classification performance. Experimental results based on the test set of China Physiological Signal Challenge 2018 (CPSC2018) show that our model has average F1 = 0.817 for classifying normal category and 8 cardiac arrhythmias. Meanwhile, compared with the state of the art model in CPSC2018, our model achieved the best F1 in 2 sub-abnormal types. This shows that the model based on the two-dimensional ECG and DSE-ResNet has advantage in detecting some cardiac arrhythmias and have the potential to be used as an auxiliary tool to help doctors perform cardiac arrhythmias analysis.
A Sustainable Climate Forecast System for Post-processing of Precipitation With Application of Machine Learning Computations
Authors: Ghazikhani Adel , Babaeian Iman , Gheibi Mohammad , Hajiaghaei-Keshteli Mostafa , Fathollahi-Fard Amir M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Although many meteorological prediction models have been developed recently, but their predictions are still unreliable. Post-processing is a task for improving meteorological predictions. This study proposes a post-processing method for the Climate Forecast System Version2 (CFSV2) model. The applicability of the proposed method is shown in Iran for an observation data from 1982 to 2017. A software has been implemented which could be used to automatically perform post-processing in meteorological organizations. With application of the present study, Decision Support System (DSS) is implemented for controlling precipitation based natural side effects such as flood disaster or drought phenomenon. Likewise, it is worth noting that the mentioned DSS meets Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through grantee of human health and environmental protection issues. Finally, the most important section of DSS is related to prediction and in the present study it is performed by Random Forest algorithm with more than 0.87 correlation coefficient.
Viral load dynamics in healthcare workers with COVID-19 during Delta and Omicron era
Authors: Veer Brian M.J.W. van der , Dingemans Jozef , Bank Leonie E.A. , von Wintersdorff Christian J.H. , Loo Inge H.M. van , Savelkoul Paul H.M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, several variants of concern (VOC) have emerged and became the dominant strain. These are considered VOC because of traits like increased transmissibility, increased severity, and immune-evasion. Understanding their viral load dynamics, with the use of longitudinal follow-up data, can help to understand transmission and could inform policy makers on for example infection prevention guidelines. However, longitudinal follow-up studies are scarce. In this study, we were able to monitor the viral load dynamics of the Delta, Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants via an unique dataset that was obtained as a consequence of the implemented infection prevention guidelines for healthcare workers at our institution, based on longitudinal follow-up of viral load. We found that the dynamics are different between Delta, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2 variants, the latter having the highest viral load on day 5 (5.7 log10 copies/mL compared to 4.3 log10 copies/mL for Delta and 4.8 log10 copies/mL for BA.1) and day 7 (4.4 log10 copies/mL compared to 3.3 log10 copies/mL for Delta and 3.8 log10 copies/mL for BA.1). However, the infection duration does not appear to be different between these variants. Still, considerable viral loads even after the suggested quarantine period were observed, in particular for the Omicron BA.2 sub variant. This highlights the need for a tailored approach per variant as results of previously circulating variants do not always match. This is in particular important for healthcare workers as they can transmit SARS-CoV-2 to vulnerable patients.
The “Crustacean seas” in the light of DNA barcoding: a reference library for endemic Ponto-Caspian amphipods
Authors: Copilaș-Ciocianu Denis , Rewicz Tomasz , Sands Arthur Francis , Palatov Dmitry , Marin Ivan , Arbačiauskas Kęstutis , Hebert Paul D. N. , Grabowski Michal , Audzijonyte Asta 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Ponto-Caspian region is an endemicity hotspot that harbors several crustacean radiations, among which amphipods are the most diverse. These poorly known species are severely threatened in their native range, while at the same time they are invading European inland waters with significant ecological consequences. A proper taxonomic knowledge of this fauna is paramount for its conservation within and monitoring outside the native region. Here, we assemble a DNA barcode reference library for nearly 60% of all known Ponto-Caspian amphipod species. We use several methods to define molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) based on two mitochondrial markers (COI and 16S) and assess their congruence with current species-level taxonomy based on morphology. Depending on the method, we find that 54–69% of species had congruent morpho-molecular boundaries. The cases of incongruence resulted from lumping distinct morphospecies into a single MOTU (7–27%), splitting a morphospecies into several MOTUs (4–28%), or both (4–11%). MOTUs defined by distance-based methods without a priori divergence thresholds showed the highest congruence with morphological taxonomy. These results indicate that DNA barcoding is valuable for clarifying the diversity of Ponto-Caspian amphipods, but reveals that extensive work is needed to resolve taxonomic uncertainties. Our study advances the DNA barcode reference library for the European aquatic biota, paving the way towards improved taxonomic knowledge needed to enhance monitoring and conservation efforts.
Protective Evaluation of feed fortified with Alstonia boonei and Mitracarpus scaber in African Catfish exposed to Aeromonas hydrophila: Clinicopathology and immunohistochemistry
Authors: Ajadi Abdullateef Abiodun , Jarikre Theophilus , Jibril Afusat Jagun , Emikpe Benjamin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The present study was carried out to determine the protective effects of two dietary plants and the associated pathology in African catfish exposed to A. hydrophila. Four hundred and twenty fish with average weight of 20.53 ± 0.15 g were distributed equally (in triplicates) into seven experimental groups (six treatment groups and a control group) with 20 juvenile African catfish in each aquarium. Fish were fed for 84 days with control and six other experimental diets containing different percentages of Alstonia boonei (0.5%,1.0% and 1.5%) and Mitracarpus scaber (0.5%,1.0% and 1.5%) of the basal diets. At the end of 12th week, the fish were challenged with A. hydrophila and clinical signs and mortality rate were observed for fourteen days post challenge. Blood and tissue samples were collected for analysis. All the groups fed with plant supplemented feed had 100% survival rate except A. boonei (0.5%) with 85% and control had 70% survival rate. The dietary plants also improved the haematological parameters and reduced the histopathological lesions associated with A. hydrophila exposure, compared to the control. The findings have demonstrated the protective potentials of A. boonei and M. scaber inculcated in feed against A. hydrophila infection in African catfish
Hyaluronic acid-exposed nanoparticles delivered raloxifene against colon cancerous cells and orcasterated epigenetics
Authors: Abd-Rabou Ahmed A. , Abdelaziz Ahmed M. , Shaker Olfat G. , Ayeldeen Ghada 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the world's mortality causes. Despite recent breakthroughs in treatment, the prognosis for CRC remains poor due to drug resistance. Raloxifene (RX) was recently licensed for the prevention of CRC. We proposed a unique delivery approach to improve the activity of RX by combining with hyaluronic acid (HA) and chitosan (CS). Consequently, we explored the cytotoxic and epigenetic effects of RX-HA-CS nanoparticles (RX NPs) against Caco-2 and HCT 116 cell lines. The entrapment efficiency (EE%) of RX in its NP was 90.0 ± 8.12%. In addition, RX NPs induced higher cytotoxic effect against Caco-2 cells than HCT 116 cells. The cytotoxic fold changes of the RX NP in Caco-2 and HCT 116 cells were 2.52 and 2.16, respectively, compared with the free counterpart. The epigenetic mechanistic effects of these proposed regimens on non-coding-RNAs were investigated. Additionally, some protein levels were assessed in CRC cells upon treatments. Intriguingly, it was suggested that RX NPs tackled the CRC cells through down-regulation of H-19, HOTTIP, HULC, LINC00641, miR-200, miR-92a, miR-21, YKL-40, PPARγ, and VEGF, as well as up-regulation of miR-944 and ECN. We can conclude that the RX NP promisingly tackles CRC cells through modulations of lncRNAs and miRNAs.
Understanding the multilevel determinants of clinicians’ imaging decision-making: Setting the stage for de-implementation of low-value imaging
Authors: Hwang Soohyun , Birken Sarah A. , Nielsen Matthew E. , Elston-Lafata Jennifer , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Spees Lisa P. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: De-implementation requires targeting multilevel determinants of low-value care. The objective of this study was to identify multilevel determinants of imaging for prostate cancer (PCa) and asymptomatic microhematuria (AMH), two common urologic conditions that have contributed substantially to the approximately $30 billion spent annually on unnecessary imaging in the US. Methods: We used a convergent mixed-methods approach involving survey and interview data. Using a survey, we asked 33 clinicians (55% response rate) to indicate their imaging approach to 8 clinical vignettes designed to elicit responses that would demonstrate guideline-concordant/discordant imaging practices for describing patients with PCa or AMH. A subset of survey respondents (N=7) participated in semi-structured interviews guided by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), whose combination has offered comprehensive understanding of multilevel implementation determinants. We analyzed the interviews using a directed content analysis approach. For each clinical condition, we identified relevant constructs/domains based on the frequencies with which the construct/domain was mentioned across interviews. We then identified subthemes within each construct/domain and examined subtheme similarities and differences across the two clinical conditions. Results: The majority of clinicians chose guideline-concordant imaging behaviors for PCa; guideline-concordant imaging intentions were more varied for AMH. Imaging decisions for both PCa and AMH were often driven by national guidelines from major professional societies. However, when clinicians felt that guidelines were inadequate, they reported that their decision-making was influenced by their knowledge of recent scientific evidence, past clinical experiences, and the anticipated benefits of imaging (or not imaging) to both the patient and the clinician. In particular, clinicians referred to patients’ anxiety and uncertainty which were, at times, resolved through more intensive diagnostic imaging. Patients’ clinical factors also informed clinicians’ imaging decisions. For AMH patients, clinicians additionally expressed concerns regarding legal liability risk. Conclusions: Our study identified comprehensive multilevel determinants of imaging to inform development of de-implementation interventions to reduce low-value imaging, using CFIR+TDF, which we found useful for identifying determinants of de-implementation. De-implementation interventions should be tailored to address the contextual determinants that are specific to each clinical condition.
Microbulbifer okhotskensis sp. nov., isolated from a deep bottom sediment of the Okhotsk Sea
Authors: Romanenko Lyudmila , Kurilenko Valeriya , Otstavnykh Nadezhda , Velansky Peter , Isaeva Marina , Mikhailov Valery 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile bacterium КММ 9862T was isolated from a deep bottom sediment sample obtained from the Okhotsk Sea, Russia. Based on the 16S rRNA gene and whole genome sequences analyses the novel strain КММ 9862T fell into the genus Microbulbifer (class Gammaproteobacteria) sharing the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 97.4% to Microbulbifer echini AM134T and Microbulbifer epialgicus F-104T, 97.3% to Microbulbifer pacificus SPO729T, 97.1% to Microbulbifer variabilis ATCC 700307T, and similarity values of < 97.4% to other recognized Microbulbifer species. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain КMM 9862T and M. variabilis ATCC 700307T and M. thermotolerans DSM 19189T were 80.34 and 77.72%, and 20.2 and 19.0%, respectively. Strain КMM 9862T contained Q-8 as the predominant ubiquinone and C16:0, C16:1 ω7c, C12:0, and C10:0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, an unidentified aminophospholipid, an unidentified aminolipid, two unidentified phospholipids, phosphatidic acid, and an unidentified lipid. The DNA G + C content of 49.8% was calculated from the genome sequence. On the basis of the phylogenetic evidence and distinctive phenotypic characteristics, the marine bacterium KMM 9862T is proposed to be classified as a novel species Microbulbifer okhotskensis sp. nov. The type strain of the species is strain KMM 9862T (= KACC XXXX).
Indian real estate regulations and urban homebuyers: impact assessment
Authors: Chawla Neelam , Kumar Basanta 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The previously unregulated urban housing and real estate market scenario began to change by promulgating a new law, i.e., the Indian Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 (RERDA, 2016/Act). Claims are that the Act has been saving homebuyers from exploitation by the promoters' evasive and aggressive approach and impacting the economy and society. The paper briefly examines relevant provisions of the Act and judicial pronouncements protecting urban homebuyers' interests; it analyzes in-depth their impact on them in particular and society by empirically studying 540 sample homebuyers' reactions. In addition, the study discusses the implications of regulating foreign direct investments in aiding current policy perceptions supporting housing vis-a-vis the economy. The results show that very often, builders exploit homebuyers. Timely judiciary interventions have removed the initial bottleneck created by builders, positively impacting builders' and governments' safeguarding of homebuyers' interests. The conclusion emerges that even five years after the Act's implementation, its implementation remains uneven.
Magnetic Field Recovery Technique Based on Distance Weighting Multipole Expansion Method
Authors: Qiang Li-E , Liu Binbin , Yang Zhen , Peng Xiaodong , Ma Xiaoshan , Xu Peng , Luo Ziren , Tang Wenlin , Zhang Yuzhu , Gao Chen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A space-borne gravitational wave detector requires the inertial reference to be in an ultra-low disturbance state, which places exceedingly high demands on the sensitivity of the inertial sensor (IS). However, the local magnetic field of the satellite platform will disturb the test mass (TM) and produce acceleration noise. To monitor and assess the influence of the magnetic field on the TM, it is necessary to monitor the magnetic field near the IS in real-time and reconstruct the magnetic field in the TM area. We propose a distance weighting multipole expansion (DWME) method to satisfy the demand of high-precision magnetic field reconstructions using a small number of magnetometers in a space gravitational wave detection mission. This new method can fully utilize all the magnetometer readout data near two TMs in the spacecraft by distance weighting. The proposed DWME method can reduce the average reconstruction error of a sensitive axial magnetic field from 1.2% to 0.8% and the maximum error from 16% to 8% when compared with the traditional multipole expansion method. Thus, the method provides a new technique to reconstruct the magnetic field using a small number of magnetometers.