bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telemedicine use among patients with metastatic breast cancer during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Differences by race, age, and region
Authors: Calip Gregory S. , Cohen Aaron , Rohrer Rebecca , Wang Xiaoliang , Wang Xiaoyan , Webster Amy , Wu Amy , Griffith Sandra D. , Showalter Timothy N. , Miksad Rebecca A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeOur objective was to describe differences in telemedicine use among women with metastatic breast cancer (mBC) by race, age, and geographic region.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of women with recurrent or de novo mBC treated in US community cancer practices that initiated a new line of therapy between March 2020 and February 2021. Multivariable modified Poisson regression models were used to calculate adjusted rate ratios (RR) and robust 95% confidence intervals (CI) associated with telemedicine visits within 90 days of therapy initiation.ResultsOverall, among 3412 women with mBC, 751 (22%) patients had telemedicine visits following therapy initiation, with lower risks observed among older women (<50 years: 24%; 50–64 years: 22%; 65–74 years: 21%; ≥75 years: 20%). Greater telemedicine use was observed among Asian women (35%) compared to White (21%), Black (18%), and Hispanic (21%) women. Fewer telemedicine visits occurred in Southern (12%) and Midwestern (17%) states versus Northeastern (37%) or Western (36%) states. In multivariable models, women ages ≥75 years had significantly lower risks of telemedicine visits (RR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.62–0.95) compared to ages <50 years. Compared to patients in Northeastern states, women in Midwestern (RR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.37–0.57) and Southern (RR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.26–0.37) states had significantly lower risks of telemedicine visits; but not women in Western states (RR = 0.96, 95% CI 0.83–1.12). No statistically significant differences in telemedicine use were found between racial groups in overall multivariable models.ConclusionsIn this study of community cancer practices, older mBC patients and those living in Southern and Midwestern states were less likely to have telemedicine visits. Preferences for communication and delivery of care may have implications for measurement of exposures and endpoints in pharmacoepidemiologic studies of cancer patients.
An investigation into remote sensing techniques and field observations to model hydraulic roughness from riparian vegetation
Authors: Chaulagain Smriti , Stone Mark C. , Dombroski Daniel , Gillihan Tyler , Chen Li , Zhang Su 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRiparian vegetation provides many noteworthy functions in river and floodplain systems, including its influence on hydrodynamic processes. Traditional methods for predicting hydrodynamic characteristics in the presence of vegetation involve the application of static Manning's roughness, which does not directly account for vegetation characteristics and neglects changes in roughness due to local water depth and velocity. The objectives of this study were to (1) implement numerical routines for simulating vegetation‐induced hydraulic roughness in a two‐dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic model; (2) evaluate the performance of two vegetation roughness approaches; and (3) compare vegetation parameters and hydrodynamic model results based on field‐based and remote sensing acquisition methods. Two roughness algorithms were coupled to an existing 2D hydraulic solver, which requires vegetation parameters to calculate spatially distributed roughness coefficients. Vegetation parameters were determined by field survey and using airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data for San Joaquin River, California, USA. Water surface elevations modeled using vegetation‐based roughness approaches produced an acceptable overall performance, but the results were sensitive to the vegetation parameterization method (field based vs. LiDAR). Spatial variations in roughness and hydraulic conditions (water depth and velocity) were observed based on vegetation species and discharges for vegetation‐based approaches. The proposed approach accounts for the complexities of the physical environment instead of relying on traditional roughness as model inputs. Thus, the method proposed here is beneficial for describing the hydraulic conditions for the area having spatial variation of vegetation (e.g., species and density). However, additional research is needed to quantify model performance with respect to spatially distributed water depth and velocity and parameterization of vegetation characteristics.
Antimicrobial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Loaded Biomimetic Isomeric Short Lipopeptide Nanostructures
Authors: Kesharwani Khushboo , Singh Ramesh , Tripathi Satyendra Kumar , Kaul Grace , Akhir Abdul , Saxena Deepanshi , Kumar Vikas , Mishra Narendra Kumar , Chopra Sidharth , Joshi Khashti Ballabh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLipopeptide‐inspired lipidation of two short tripeptides, Phe‐Tyr‐β‐Ala and Tyr‐Phe‐β‐Ala leads to a pair of constitutional isomers of short peptide amphiphile (sPA). These two molecules were able to mimic lipopeptides properties and therefore could be used as potential drug delivery vehicles up to target sites. Further, these isomeric peptide amphiphiles were able to synthesize stable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in presence of sunlight without using any reducing agents. Interestingly, the presence of AgNPs significantly controls the secondary structures of these two isomeric sPAs and hence their self‐assembly. Therefore, such AgNPs‐sPA nanostructures are further used to develop antibacterial materials. Various microscopy and spectroscopy techniques were used to characterize these nanostructures. The antibacterial analysis demonstrated that owing to high biocompatibility and less cytotoxicity, designed sPA exhibited great potential in locally addressing bacterial infections. Thus, such a strategic design of lipidated tripeptide fragments can be tuned for potential therapeutic value for future applications.
Selective Chemical Modification to the Higher‐Order Structures of Nucleic Acids
Authors: Nagatsugi Fumi , Onizuka Kazumitsu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDNA and RNA can adopt a variety of stable higher‐order structural motifs, including G‐quadruplex (G4 s), mismatches, and bulges. Many of these secondary structures are closely related to the regulation of gene expression. Therefore, the higher‐order structure of nucleic acids is one of the candidate therapeutic targets, and the development of binding molecules targeting the higher‐order structure of nucleic acids has been pursued vigorously. Furthermore, as one of the methodologies for detecting the higher‐order structures of these nucleic acids, developing techniques for the selective chemical modification of the higher‐order structures of nucleic acids is also underway. In this personal account, we focus on the following higher‐order structures of nucleic acids, double‐stranded DNA containing the abasic site, T−T/U−U mismatch structure, and G‐quadruplex structure, and describe the development of molecules that bind to and chemically modify these structures.
Partial substitution of alfalfa hay byBerberis vulgarisleaf modulated the growth performance, meat quality and antioxidant status of fattening lambs
Authors: Seyedin Seyed Morteza Vaghar , Mojtahedi Mohsen , Farhangfar Seyed Homayoun , Ghavipanje Navid 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundUndoubtedly, global warming has caused a decrease in the production of agricultural commodities. This problem has increased the price of animal feed due to competition with human consumption. Meanwhile, the physiology of ruminants gives them the ability to use by‐products and agricultural waste and supply their requirements for growth, maintenance and even production.Berberis vulgarisis a plant native to Iran, and after separating the fruit, its waste (mainly leaf) is unused and causes environmental pollution. The leaves of this plant contain significant amounts of phenolic compounds, alkaloids and anthocyanins that have antioxidant properties.ObjectivesThis experiment was conducted with the aim of determining the chemical properties of barberry leaves, such as crude protein, phenolic compounds, tannins and alkaloids. The effects of substituting ofB. vulgarisleaf (BVL) in the diet on performance characteristics of fattening Baluchi lambs were evaluated. The quality and antioxidant status of meat and blood parameters such as glucose, cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen and liver enzymes were investigated.Material and methodsA total of 21 male of 5–6 months old lambs with a mean body weight of 30.60 ± 1.28 kg were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments with different levels of BVL: 1–diet without BVL (control), 2–diet containing 7.5% BVL (BVL7.5), and 3–diet containing 15% BVL (BVL15; dry matter [DM] basis). Blood samples were harvested after overnight fasting from the jugular vein at 0, 28, 56 and 84 days. The lambs were slaughtered after 84 days of feeding trial and longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle was dissected. Meat quality and antioxidant stability status were measured.Results15% substitution of alfalfa hay by BVL (BVL15) increased DM intake) and decreased average daily gain (p ≤ 0.05). The LD muscle (p ≤ 0.05), liver (p ≤ 0.01) and plasma (p ≤ 0.05) samples of lambs fed either BVL7.5 or BVL15 displayed a greater total antioxidant capacity than that of lambs fed the control diet. Also, malondialdehyde concentration was decreased in plasma (p ≤ 0.01) and LD muscle of lambs (p ≤ 0.05) fed both BVL7.5 and BVL15. In addition, higher a* and C* values (p ≤ 0.05) were observed in the meat of lambs fed BVL15 than those fed with the control, while the lightness (L*) in BVL15 was lower, compared to other experimental dietsConclusionsOverall, our results indicated that 7.5% substitution of alfalfa hay by BVL may positively modulate the antioxidant status of fattening lambs and improve the colour stability of meat without negative effects on performance characteristics.
Crystal structure and spectral characterization of La2(CO3)3 ⋅ 5H2O – an industrially relevant lanthanide carbonate
Authors: Çiftçi Esengül , Podjaski Filip , Gouder Andreas , Lotsch Bettina V. , Dinnebier Robert E. , Bette Sebastian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe conversion of La2O3 with HCl, subsequent neutralization and precipitation using (NH4)2CO3 in an industrial process leads to the previously unknown La2(CO3)3 ⋅ 5H2O. The phase was characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction leading to an averaged crystal structure model, thermal analysis, vibrational and optical spectroscopy. La2(CO3)3 ⋅ 5H2O crystallizes in space group Pbca(61) with a=9.0167(4) Å, b=12,842(3) Å, c=9.6331(4) Å and V=1115.4(3) Å3. The structure consists of
zig zag layers and a highly disordered interlayer space occupied by water molecules and carbonate anions. Partially occupied water‐related oxygen positions theoretically allow for a flexible hydrate water content La2(CO3)3 ⋅ xH2O, with x ranging from 1.5 to 5.0. Although a strong structural relationship between La2(CO3)3 ⋅ 5H2O and La2(CO3)3 ⋅ 8H2O and similar substance properties were found, the title compound cannot be obtained by partial dehydration of the octahydrate. Instead, both lanthanum carbonate hydrates transform into strongly disordered La2(CO3)3 in a one‐step dehydration process.
Site‐Preferences in the Mixed‐Valent Series FeMo1−nVnO4: Controlling the Formation of the α‐Polymorph and the Charge Localization
Authors: Osten Felix L. , Panthöfer Martin , Ksenofontov Vadim , Möller Angela 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe mixed‐valent, solid solution series FeMo1−nVnO4 (0≤n≤0.3) was synthesized and characterized by x‐ray diffraction, and thermal analysis. Assignments of individual Fe‐species stem from 57Fe‐Mössbauer spectroscopy and DFT‐calculations of the electric field gradients. The incorporation of smaller ions (FeIII, VV) represents an internal “chemical pressure” effect stabilizing the low‐temperature α‐polymorph with increasing n. The site‐preference and distribution of vanadium on individual Mo‐sites impacts the α→β transition temperatures around 650 K, and causes distinct differences in charge mobility in this hole‐doped semiconductor around 225 K. We assign the charge localization in α‐FeMo1−nVnO4 to enhanced electron‐phonon coupling within a polaronic scenario.
Dynamically Self-adjusting Gaussian Processes for Data Stream Modelling
Authors: Hüwel Jan David , Haselbeck Florian , Grimm Dominik G. , Beecks Christian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOne of the major challenges in time series analysis are changing data distributions, especially when processing data streams. To ensure an up-to-date model delivering useful predictions at all times, model reconfigurations are required to adapt to such evolving streams. For Gaussian processes, this might require the adaptation of the internal kernel expression. In this paper, we present dynamically self-adjusting Gaussian processes by introducingEvent-TriggeredKernelAdjustments in Gaussian process modelling (ETKA), a novel data stream modelling algorithm that can handle evolving and changing data distributions. To this end, we enhance the recently introduced Adjusting Kernel Search with a novel online change point detection method. Our experiments on simulated data with varying change point patterns suggest a broad applicability of ETKA. On real-world data, ETKA outperforms comparison partners that differ regarding the model adjustment and its refitting trigger in nine respective ten out of 14 cases. These results confirm ETKA’s ability to enable a more accurate and, in some settings, also more efficient data stream processing via Gaussian processes.
Efficient Pix2Vox++ for 3D Cardiac Reconstruction from 2D Echo Views
Authors: Stojanovski David , Hermida Uxio , Muffoletto Marica , Lamata Pablo , Beqiri Arian , Gomez Alberto 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAccurate geometric quantification of the human heart is a key step in the diagnosis of numerous cardiac diseases, and in the management of cardiac patients. Ultrasound imaging is the primary modality for cardiac imaging, however acquisition requires high operator skill, and its interpretation and analysis is difficult due to artifacts. Reconstructing cardiac anatomy in 3D can enable discovery of new biomarkers and make imaging less dependent on operator expertise, however most ultrasound systems only have 2D imaging capabilities. We propose both a simple alteration to the Pix2Vox++ networks for a sizeable reduction in memory usage and computational complexity, and a pipeline to perform reconstruction of 3D anatomy from 2D standard cardiac views, effectively enabling 3D anatomical reconstruction from limited 2D data. We evaluate our pipeline using synthetically generated data achieving accurate 3D whole-heart reconstructions (peak intersection over union score $$> 0.88$$

>
0.88

) from just two standard anatomical 2D views of the heart. We also show preliminary results using real echo images.
Veränderungen und Entwicklungen in der präklinischen Notfallversorgung: Zentrale Herausforderungen für das Rettungsdienstmanagement
Authors: Lauer Daniel , Bandlow Stephan , Rathje Maik , Seidl Andreas , Karutz Harald 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Rettungsdienst in Deutschland und das Management der gesamten präklinischen Notfallversorgung sehen sich aktuell mit zahlreichen Herausforderungen konfrontiert. Im letzten Jahrzehnt stiegen die Einsatzzahlen in nahezu allen Rettungsdienstbereichen kontinuierlich an, so dass die Vorhaltung von Rettungsmitteln vielerorts bereits deutlich verstärkt worden ist. Das Personalmanagement fällt jedoch zunehmend schwer und auch die technischen sowie medizinischen Anforderungen wachsen stetig. Zunehmend werden Stimmen laut, die eine grundlegende Reform der Notfallversorgung fordern.Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, einen Überblick über die aktuellen Entwicklungen, Trends und zukünftigen Herausforderungen zu geben, um die Anforderungen an das heutige und zukünftige Rettungsdienstmanagement deutlich zu machen. Verschiedene Themen und Handlungsfelder wurden dazu anhand einer nichtsystematischen Literaturrecherche herausgearbeitet. Die Anforderungen an das Rettungsdienstmanagement werden iterativ zusammengeführt.Die Herausforderungen an den Rettungsdienst sind vielfältig und komplex, ebenso die Anforderungen an dessen Management. Die heterogene und kleingliedrige Organisationsstruktur des Rettungsdienstes im Bundesgebiet stellt eine wesentliche Herausforderung für Reformprozesse dar. Fehlende wissenschaftliche Kompetenzen im Rettungsdienst erschweren die Prozessoptimierung ebenfalls. Die zunehmende Akademisierung und Erforschung des Themenfeldes sind ausdrücklich zu begrüßen.
Sex-specific effects of maternal metformin intervention during glucose-intolerant obese pregnancy on body composition and metabolic health in aged mouse offspring
Authors: Schoonejans Josca M. , Blackmore Heather L. , Ashmore Thomas J. , Pantaleão Lucas C. , Pellegrini Pisani Luciana , Dearden Laura , Tadross John A. , Aiken Catherine E. , Fernandez-Twinn Denise S. , Ozanne Susan E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Metformin is increasingly used to treat gestational diabetes (GDM) and pregnancies complicated by pregestational type 2 diabetes or polycystic ovary syndrome but data regarding long-term offspring outcome are lacking in both human studies and animal models. Using a mouse model, this study investigated the effects of maternal metformin intervention during obese glucose-intolerant pregnancy on adiposity, hepatic steatosis and markers of metabolic health of male and female offspring up to the age of 12 months.

Methods
C57BL/6J female mice were weaned onto either a control diet (Con) or, to induce pre-conception obesity, an obesogenic diet (Ob). The respective diets were maintained throughout pregnancy and lactation. These obese dams were then randomised to the untreated group or to receive 300 mg/kg oral metformin hydrochloride treatment (Ob-Met) daily during pregnancy. In male and female offspring, body weights and body composition were measured from 1 month until 12 months of age, when serum and tissues were collected for investigation of adipocyte cellularity (histology), adipose tissue inflammation (histology and quantitative RT-PCR), and hepatic steatosis and fibrosis (histochemistry and modified Folch assay).

Results
At 12 months of age, male Ob and Ob-Met offspring showed increased adiposity, adipocyte hypertrophy, elevated expression of proinflammatory genes, hyperleptinaemia and hepatic lipid accumulation compared with Con offspring. Male Ob-Met offspring failed to show hyperplasia between 8 weeks and 12 months, indicative of restricted adipose tissue expansion, resulting in increased immune cell infiltration and ectopic lipid deposition. Female Ob offspring were relatively protected from these phenotypes but Ob-Met female offspring showed increased adiposity, adipose tissue inflammation, hepatic lipid accumulation, hyperleptinaemia and hyperinsulinaemia compared with Con female offspring.

Conclusions/interpretation
Maternal metformin treatment of obese dams increased offspring metabolic risk factors in a sex- and age-dependent manner. These observations highlight the importance of following up offspring of both sexes beyond early adulthood after interventions during pregnancy. Our findings illustrate the complexity of balancing short-term benefits to mother and child vs any potential long-term metabolic effects on the offspring when prescribing therapeutic agents that cross the placenta.

Graphical abstract
Impfung gegen coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Weinberger Birgit 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungDie klinischen Präsentationen von Infektionen mit SARS-CoV‑2 („severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2“) sind sehr heterogen, und das Risiko für einen schweren Verlauf steigt mit zunehmendem Alter deutlich an. Ältere Erwachsene sind deshalb eine wichtige Zielgruppe für Impfungen. In Europa sind derzeit 2 mRNA-Impfstoffe, 2 adenovirale Vektorimpfstoffe und ein Proteinimpfstoff für ältere Erwachsene zugelassen. Die Immunogenität und klinische Wirksamkeit dieser Impfstoffe waren in den ersten Zulassungsstudien bei älteren Erwachsenen ähnlich oder nur geringfügig niedriger als in jüngeren Altersgruppen. Allerdings nehmen die Konzentration neutralisierender Antikörper und der Schutz vor Infektion im Laufe der Zeit deutlich ab und sind gegen Virusvarianten, besonders gegen Omicron, stark reduziert. Der Schutz vor schwerer Krankheit und Hospitalisierung ist jedoch langlebiger und nach 3 Impfdosen im Schema 2 + 1 auch für Omicron gegeben. Weitere Auffrischungsimpfungen sind derzeit für Risikopatienten, insbesondere für ältere Erwachsene, empfohlen. Bezüglich der konkreten, aktuell gültigen Empfehlungen für verschiedene Alters- und Risikogruppen wird auf die Bekanntmachungen der nationalen Impfgremien verwiesen.Alle derzeit verfügbaren Impfstoffe beruhen auf der ursprünglichen Virusvariante. Impfstoffe, die an die neuen Virusvarianten angepasst sind, werden derzeit erprobt, und ein zeitnaher Wechsel zu diesen Impfstoffen ist wahrscheinlich. Allerdings schreitet auch die Veränderung der Viruspopulationen voran, sodass voraussichtlich eine kontinuierliche Weiterentwicklung der Impfstoffe notwendig sein wird.
Ultra-low-dose CBCT scan: rational map for ear surgery
Authors: Tamminen Pekka , Järnstedt Jorma , Lehtinen Antti , Numminen Jura , Lehtimäki Lauri , Rautiainen Markus , Kivekäs Ilkka 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study will evaluate the clinical quality and usability of peripheral image data from the temporal bone area obtained using a sinonasal ultra-low-dose (ULD) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan and compare them to those obtained using a high-resolution (HR) CBCT.

Methods
The population consisted of 66 anatomical sites (ears of 33 subjects) imaged using two modalities: an HR CBCT (Scanora 3Dx scanner; Soredex, Tuusula, Finland) and a ULD CBCT (Promax 3D Mid scanner; Plandent, Helsinki, Finland). The image quality (IQ) for every anatomical site in each image was rated using a Likert scale from 0 to 5.

Results
The quality of ULD CBCT scans was clinically sufficient in over 95% of the assessed images of the sigmoid sinus, jugular bulb, epitympanum and mastoid antrum as well as external acoustic meatus (all p > 0.05 compared to HR CBCT). The IQ was clinically sufficient in 75–94% of the assessed images of the scutum, mastoid segment of the facial nerve, cochlea and semicircular canals (all p < 0.05 compared to HR CBCT). The overall IQ of the HR CBCT scans was good or excellent.

Conclusion
CBCT imaging and the data at image margins are underutilized. CBCT can produce excellent structural resolution with conventional imaging parameters, even with off-focus images. Using ultra-low doses of radiation, the produced IQ is clinically sufficient. We encourage ear surgeons to check the patients’ imaging history and to consider the use of imaging modalities that involve lower radiation doses especially when conducting repetitive investigations and with children.