bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The regenerating tail of lizard transits through a tumour‐like stage represented by the regenerative blastema
Authors: Alibardi Lorenzo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractReview. The regenerating tail of lizard transits through a tumour‐like stage represented by the regenerative blastema. Acta Zoologica (Stockolm). Molecular studies on lizard tail regeneration indicate that the blastema stage is a tumour‐like outgrowth capable of self‐regulate to produce a new tail. Various oncogenes and tumour suppressors are expressed, and their proteins are localized in specific regions of the growing blastema. SnoRNAs are exclusively overexpressed in the tail blastema suggesting changes in ribosome translation efficiency in blastema cells, like in cancer. Blastema cells secrete high levels of hyaluronate and adopt an anaerobic metabolism (Warburg effect). These studies indicate that the lizard blastema represents a unique case among terrestrial vertebrates of physiological tumour remission. Mesenchymal cells and fibroblasts forming the blastema are turned within 1–2 months into a functional organ, the tail. In vitro studies on isolated mesenchymal cells from the regenerative blastema shows that these cells do not undergo contact inhibition but continue proliferation after confluence, and contain nestin, vimentin and K17. After 2–3 weeks they stratify into 5–7 layers forming a pellicle of loose connective tissue. Future molecular studies on genes and proteins that allow the control of growth in the lizard blastema may help to determine how lizards turn a tumour into a new organ with numerous differentiated and functional tissues, providing clues on cancer growth regulation.
Identity‐based social support predicts mental and physical health outcomes during COVID‐19
Authors: Carter Holly , Dennis Amelia , Williams Natalie , Weston Dale 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, the United Kingdom implemented physical distancing measures to minimize viral transmission, which may have adversely impacted health and wellbeing. Evidence suggests that social support may be key to mitigating against adverse health impacts of such measures, particularly when such social support is identity‐based. In this longitudinal study, we examined the role of social identity and perceived social support in mental and physical health outcomes during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Participants completed a survey at 4 time points during the first year of the pandemic: May/June 2020 (T1; N = 443); September/October 2020 (T2; N = 235); December 2020/January 2021 (T3; N = 243); and April 2021 (T4; N = 206). Results showed that at each time point, social support was predicted by identification with multiple groups before COVID‐19, identity continuity, and identification with communities. Higher identity continuity and identification with communities both predicted greater mental and physical health at the same time point, mediated by perceived social support. Interestingly, higher identity continuity and identification with communities predicted higher social support at the same time point, which in turn predicted worse mental and physical health outcomes at the subsequent time point. Findings are discussed in relation to the context of the first year of the pandemic and the changing nature of societal restrictions across the four survey time points.
Innovations in Practice: Feasibility and provision of dialectical behavior therapy skills training for adolescents and their families
Authors: White Andrew , Dunn Natalie , Matsunaga Eric , Dimeff Linda 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundSuicide is a leading cause of death for adolescents in the United States. Widespread implementation of evidence‐based practices for this population remains challenging due to resource shortages and system barriers. Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Adolescents (DBT‐A) has robust research support, with positive clinical outcomes when implemented with fidelity. At the same time, implementation requires individual therapy with trained clinicians, a resource which may not be available at the level required in some communities. The current study uses theoretical frameworks from adult implementations of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) where treatment was provided in a DBT Skills Training format without weekly individual therapy to examine skills training for adolescent clients with suicidal behaviors and is the first published study regarding feasibility of skills training for this population.MethodsAdolescents and their families were offered DBT Skills Training while on the waitlist for DBT‐A. Of the 125 families referred, 48 chose DBT Skills Training and 77 opted to wait for DBT‐A, creating a natural quasi‐experimental design useful in exploring differences between DBT‐Skills Training and DBT‐A.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the two groups at baseline. Rates of treatment completion were similar between the two groups.ConclusionsResults from the current study demonstrate similar rates of treatment drop‐out and treatment completion between DBT Skills Training and DBT‐A, suggesting DBT Skills Training without individual therapy for adolescents is feasible and warrants additional research.
Assessing the androgenic and metabolic heterogeneity in polycystic ovary syndrome using cluster analysis
Authors: Deshmukh Harshal , Akbar Shahzad , Bhaiji Amira , Saeed Yamna , Shah Najeeb , Adeleke Kazeem , Papageorgiou Maria , Atkin Stephen , Sathyapalan Thozhukat 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionSome but not all women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) develop the metabolic syndrome (MS). The objective of this study was to determine if a subset of women with PCOS had higher androgen levels predisposing them to MS and whether routinely measured hormonal parameters impacted the metabolic syndrome score (siMS).MethodsWe included data from a discovery (PCOS clinic data) and a replication cohort (Hull PCOS Biobank) and utilized eight routinely measured hormonal parameters in our clinics (free androgen index [FAI], sex hormone‐binding globulin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), androstenedione, luteinizing hormone [LH], follicular stimulating hormone, anti‐Müllerian hormone and 17 hydroxyprogesterone [17‐OHP]) to perform a K‐means clustering (an unsupervised machine learning algorithm). We used NbClust Package in R to determine the best number of clusters. We estimated the siMS in each cluster and used regression analysis to evaluate the effect of hormonal parameters on SiMS.ResultsThe study consisted of 310 women with PCOS (discovery cohort: n = 199, replication cohort: n = 111). The cluster analysis identified two clusters in both the discovery and replication cohorts. The discovery cohort identified a larger cluster (n = 137) and a smaller cluster (n = 62), with 31% of the study participants. Similarly, the replication cohort identified a larger cluster (n = 74) and a smaller cluster (n = 37) with 33% of the study participants. The smaller cluster in the discovery cohort had significantly higher levels of LH (7.26 vs. 16.1 IU/L, p < .001), FAI (5.21 vs. 9.22, p < .001), androstenedione (3.93 vs. 7.56 nmol/L, p < .001) and 17‐OHP (1.59 vs. 3.12 nmol/L, p < .001). These findings were replicated in the replication cohort. The mean (±SD) siMS score was higher in the smaller cluster, 3.1 (±1.1) versus 2.8 (±0.8); however, this was not statistically significant (p = .20). In the regression analysis, higher FAI (β = .05, p = .003) and androstenedione (β = .03, p = .02) were independently associated with a higher risk of SiMS score, while higher DHEAS levels were associated with a lower siMS score (β = −.07, p = .03)ConclusionWe identified a subset of women in our PCOS cohort with significantly higher LH, FAI, and androstenedione levels. We show that higher levels of androstenedione and FAI are associated with a higher siMS, while higher DHEAS levels were associated with lower siMS.
Combination prophylaxis in CMV high risk heart transplant recipients: A single center experience
Authors: Van Aelst Lucas N. L. , Droogné Walter , Vörös Gabor , Van Cleemput Johan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionCytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most clinically relevant infectious agent following heart transplantation (HTX). Data on the beneficial effects of prophylactic use of CMV immunoglobulins (CMVIG) are scarce.MethodsIn this single‐center, retrospective study, we reported patient outcomes following cardiac transplantation using prophylactic CMV treatment, including CMVIG. Distinct clinically relevant outcomes were compared across different CMV risk groups (CMV D−/R−, CMV D−/R+, CMV D+/R+, and CMV D+/R− or CMV high risk group).ResultsWe included 272 heart transplant procedures, performed between 1/1/2009 and 1/11/2020. Sixty‐one (22%) procedures belonged to the CMV high risk group, while 96 (35%), 50 (18%), and 65 (24%) were CMV D−/R−, CMV D−/R+, and CMV D+/R+, respectively. Baseline donor and recipient characteristics (sex, age, body mass index, cause of death, indication for HTX), ischemia times and baseline immunosuppressive regimens were similar across the different CMV risk groups, yet fewer patients were bridged with a mechanical circulatory support in the CMV D+/R− group. CMV disease following cardiac transplantation was more common in the CMV D+/R− risk group (n = 40 or 66.7%; p < .001), yet mortality and re‐transplantation rates, cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) severity, rejection episodes, and development of donor‐specific antibodies (DSA), post‐transplant lymphoproliferative diseases (PTLD), and EBV infections were similar across all four CMV risk groups.ConclusionHigh risk CMV D+/R− patients had a similar survival compared to low and intermediate CMV risk groups using a prophylactic strategy combining CMVIG and viral DNA polymerase inhibitors. This may be related to a number of factors unrelated to prophylaxis strategy as two out of three CMV D+/R− recipients developed CMV primary infection after prophylaxis was discontinued.
Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided balloon‐occluded gastrojejunostomy bypass, duodenal stent or laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy for unresectable malignant gastric outlet obstruction
Authors: Chan Shannon Melissa , Dhir Vinay , Chan Yvonne Yuet Yan , Cheung Chole Hiu Nam , Chow Joelle Chung Shan , Wong Isabella Wing Man , Shah Rahul , Yip Hon Chi , Itoi Takao , Teoh Anthony Yuen Bun 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesMalignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) can be relieved by either laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy (LGJ), endoscopic stenting (SEMS) or endoscopic ultrasound‐guided gastrojejunostomy (endoscopic ultrasound‐guided balloon‐occluded gastrojejunostomy bypass; EPASS). This study aimed to compare the outcomes of the three treatment methods.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of patients who suffered from malignant GOO between January 2012 to November 2020 that received either EPASS, LGJ or SEMS. The outcomes included the technical and clinical success, 30‐day adverse events and mortality, pre and post stenting GOO scores (GOOSs), stent patency and causes of stent dysfunction.ResultsOne hundred and fourteen patients were included (30 EPASS, 35 LGJ, 49 SEMS). The technical success of EPASS, LGJ and SEMS were 93.3%, 100%, 100% (P = 0.058) and clinical success rates were 93.3%, 80%, 87.8% (P = 0.276), respectively. Procedural time was longest for the LGJ group (P < 0.001). The EPASS group had the shortest hospital stay (EPASS 1.5 [1–17], LGJ 7 [2–44], SEMS 5 [2–46] days, P < 0.001). EPASS group also had the lowest rates of recurrent obstruction (EPASS 3.3%, LGJ 17.1%, SEMS 36.7%, P = 0.002) and re‐intervention (EPASS 3.3%, LGJ 17.1%, SEMS 26.5%, P = 0.031). The 1‐month GOOS was highest in the EPASS group (EPASS 3 [1–3], LGJ 3 [0–3], SEMS 2 [0–3], P = 0.028).ConclusionEndoscopic ultrasound‐guided gastrojejunostomy was associated with better clinical outcomes then the other two procedures. The procedure may be the best option provided that the expertise is available.
The Industrial Revolution as a collective action problem: The House of Commons games patents of monopoly, November 1601
Authors: Kealey Terence 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe English economy during the sixteenth century was increasingly captured by monopolists, with dire consequences in aggregate. Yet, though many Members of Parliament owned patents of monopoly, on 20 November 1601 the House of Commons agreed, with no voices raised in opposition, to void all such patents. That collective decision helped shift the English economy from a non‐cooperative to a cooperative game, and thus from non‐competition to competition, so taking a key prefatory step towards the English Industrial Revolution.
How to dig up minds: The intentional analysis program in cognitive archaeology
Authors: van Mazijk Corijn 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper introduces a new approach to the study of Paleolithic minds. It is developed on the basis of the phenomenological concept of intentionality: the mind's central characteristic of being about or directed at something. In phenomenology, the world is considered not qua fact, but qua appearance, as a correlate of the mind's intentional activity. Both world‐appearance and the mind's directedness are further considered from a first‐person viewpoint, and in a scaffolding fashion, with more complex acts disclosing new types of objects or aspects of them. This paper develops a framework for applying intentional analysis to minds of the past. This way, the subjective “world‐having” of past subjects can be systematically reconstructed in a manner consistent with the empirical data available. This discloses a new field of inquiry that thus far has not been clearly grasped, even though the questions belonging to it are everywhere recognized as being of the greatest importance to the discipline. The intentional analysis of the scaffolding of acts and what they disclose can help to clarify essential concepts in cognitive archaeological debates, and to better understand the evolution of the hominin mind.
Combining mid infrared spectroscopy with stacked generalisation machine learning for prediction of key soil properties
Authors: Nawar Said , Mouazen Abdul M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAccurate assessment of key soil attributes such as soil organic carbon (OC), available phosphorus (P), and available potassium (K) using mid‐infrared spectroscopy (MIRS) is essential for better soil management in precision agriculture. However, the calibration of the portable version of MIRS is more challenging than the benchmark technologies, hence, demanding more efficient modelling methods to provide accurate outcomes. This research aims to use the stacked generalisation machine learning (SG–ML) framework, combining support vector machine (SVM), gradient boosted regression (GBR), and random forest (RF), using linear ridge regression as a meta learner, for predicting OC, P, and K using MIR spectra of 375 soil samples collected from four farms (Flanders, Belgium). The performance of the SG–ML models was compared with the multilayer perceptron (MLP) deep learning (DL) method. Results showed the superiority of the SG–ML method over the corresponding single ML and DL models. The predictive performance of SG–ML using the validation set was excellent for the three soil attributes, with coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE) values of 0.88% and 0.10%, 0.85 and 4.53 mg 100 g−1, and 0.84 and 3.87 mg 100 g−1 for OC, K, and P, respectively. The performance of DL models were good for OC (R2 = 0.65, and RMSE = 0.17%), poor for K (R2 = 0.58 and RMSE = 7.59 mg 100 g−1), and very poor for P (R2 = 0.46, and RMSE = 6.57 mg 100 g−1). The SG–ML reduced the prediction RMSE by 10% to 31%, compared with the single ML (SVM, RF, and GBR) models. In summary, the proposed stacking method is a powerful modelling tool for the accurate prediction of key soil attributes using portable MIRS.Highlights
Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models were developed based on mid‐infrared soil spectra.
The stacked generalisation ML (SG–ML) was compared with ML and DL for predicting OC, P, and K.
SG–ML models outperformed ML (GBR, RF, and SVM) and deep learning (DL) models.
The SG–ML models significantly decreased RMSE by 10% to 31% compared with the single ML models.
Spatial and climatic analyses for predicting potential distribution of an invasive ant, Linepithema humile (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: Jung Jae‐Min , Kim Se‐Hyun , Jung Sunghoon , Lee Wang‐Hee 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) is an invasive species that rapidly enters into new areas, causing worldwide ecological concern. Early assessment of its potential habitat could indicate areas that we need to pay attention to in advance, to prevent its invasion; therefore, in this study we aimed to predict the potential spatial distribution of the Argentine ant and analyze the climatic characteristics of its occurrence sites. The CLIMEX model was used to predict the spatial distribution of this ant species, while the probability density function was employed to extract climatic preferences in places where their main habitats are located. High climatic suitability was predicted in the eastern United States, eastern South America, central Africa, eastern Australia, and a few regions in India and China, suggesting the high possibility of its invasion worldwide. The frequency of occurrence was highest at approximately 20°C monthly average maximum temperature, 8°C monthly average minimum temperature, and 10 mm monthly precipitation. In addition, the occurrence records of Argentine ants were mostly shown to be above sub‐zero temperatures. We expect that these results can be used to identify new areas exposed to the risk of Argentine ant invasion and for further application to establish monitoring strategies in advance.
Evaluating the effects of zeolitic imidazolate framework and Eremostachys binalodensis extract on Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans biofilms
Authors: Hariri Armin , Shayesteh Sevda , Asgharian Parina , Yousefi Vahid , Chamanara Mohsen , Sadrzadeh‐Afshar Maryam Sadat 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBiofilms represent longstanding challenges to oral health care. Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans are the common pathogens forming biofilms. The growing resistance to and the adverse effects of antibiotics limit their usage and raise the need for novel approaches. Herbal extracts have emerged as efficient choices with lower costs and fewer adverse effects. Metal frameworks have captivated interest due to their high surface area, special biocompatibility, and non‐toxicity. The effects of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks/layered double hydroxide (ZIF/LDH) on fungal infections and the potential effects of Eremostachys binalodensis on bacteria encouraged the researchers to evaluate the effect of ZIF/LDH, E. binalodensis, and their combination on C. albicans and S. mutans biofilms. ZIF/LDH nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and X‐ray diffraction to assess morphology and chemical structure. Methanol extracts of the areal parts of E. binalodensis were obtained by Soxhlet extraction. The microdilution tests and biofilm crystal violet staining were applied. Concentrations of 2.048 and 4.096 mg/ml E. binalodensis prevented C. albicans and S. mutans biofilm formation. The combination of ZIF/LDH + E. binalodensis prevented C. albicans and S. mutans biofilm formation. This research suggests the use of E. binalodensis‐loaded ZIF/LDH nanocomposites for removing biofilms.
Genomic and proteomic findings in early melanoma and opportunities for early diagnosis
Authors: Teh Rachel , Azimi Ali , Pupo Gulietta M. , Ali Marina , Mann Graham J. , Fernández‐Peñas Pablo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOverdiagnosis of early melanoma is a significant problem. Due to subtle unique and overlapping clinical and histological criteria between pigmented lesions and the risk of mortality from melanoma, some benign pigmented lesions are diagnosed as melanoma. Although histopathology is the gold standard to diagnose melanoma, there is a demand to find alternatives that are more accurate and cost‐effective. In the current “omics” era, there is gaining interest in biomarkers to help diagnose melanoma early and to further understand the mechanisms driving tumor progression. Genomic investigations have attempted to differentiate malignant melanoma from benign pigmented lesions. However, genetic biomarkers of early melanoma diagnosis have not yet proven their value in the clinical setting. Protein biomarkers may be more promising since they directly influence tissue phenotype, a result of by‐products of genomic mutations, posttranslational modifications and environmental factors. Uncovering relevant protein biomarkers could increase confidence in their use as diagnostic signatures. Currently, proteomic investigations of melanoma progression from pigmented lesions are limited. Studies have previously characterised the melanoma proteome from cultured cell lines and clinical samples such as serum and tissue. This has been useful in understanding how melanoma progresses into metastasis and development of resistance to adjuvant therapies. Currently, most studies focus on metastatic melanoma to find potential drug therapy targets, prognostic factors and markers of resistance. This paper reviews recent advancements in the genomics and proteomic fields and reports potential avenues, which could help identify and differentiate melanoma from benign pigmented lesions and prevent the progression of melanoma.
Impact of a relationship‐based intervention, Love Notes, on teen pregnancy prevention
Authors: Barbee Anita P. , Cunningham Michael R. , Antle Becky F. , Langley Cheri N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveIn this research, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) tested the efficacy of two teen pregnancy prevention (TPP) curricula, Reducing the Risk and Love Notes, compared with a group of adolescents in a control condition, on primary pregnancy prevention among youth at high‐risk for teen pregnancy. A secondary purpose was to examine two potential mediators, negative beliefs about teen pregnancy and intentions to follow the sequence of completing education, marrying or establishing a committed relationship, and then having children.BackgroundTeen pregnancy rates for racial/ethnic minority youth in the United States are disproportionately high compared with White youth. Given the positive view of children in these populations and the drive for youth to form peer relationships and explore their sexuality, meeting these cultural and developmental needs within TPP may be critical.MethodsThe study examined the number of reported pregnancies across the first year after the interventions from a three‐arm, cluster RCT engaging 1,448 youth living in poverty between the ages of 14 and 19 years in 23 community‐based organizations in a southeastern U.S. city.ResultsAt the 1‐year follow‐up, youth in Love Notes report significantly fewer pregnancies compared with the control condition (18 pregnancies, 3.51%), F(2, 1,309) = 4.17, p = .02, d = 0.11. There was no significant difference between Reducing the Risk (31 pregnancies, 6.14%) and the control condition (27 pregnancies, 6.49%) in number of pregnancies. Less favorable attitudes about having a child as a teenager and other attitudes were associated with predicted outcomes.ConclusionsThis study provides additional evidence for the efficacy of Love Notes, which embeds sex education into a larger curriculum on life planning and healthy relationship formation and maintenance.Implications.TPP approaches need to add content on planning and relationships to comprehensive sexual education.