bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Field efficacy of Isaria fumosorosea alone and in combination with insecticides against Aleurodicus rugioperculatus on coconut
Authors: Sandeep A. , Selvaraj K. , Kalleshwaraswamy C. M. , Hanumanthaswamy B. C. , Mallikarjuna H. B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The rugose spiraling whitefly (RSW), Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), an exotic polyphagous pest and its infestation was documented on coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) for the first time in India during 2016. RSW has attained a serious pest on many economically important crop plants due to its damage severity and rapid spread across the country in a short span of time. Hence, an attempt was made to evaluate the efficiency of the entomopathogenic fungus (EPF), Isaria fumosorosea alone as well as in combination with a reduced dose of few insecticides against RSW on coconut to devise a sustainable integrated pest management module. Thirty-two randomly selected RSW-infested coconut palms were labelled, and eight treatments with four replications were used in a randomized complete block design during the summer months (April and May) during 2021. Two sprays were performed at 15-day intervals, at a rate of 5 L/palm, and observations on infestation/palm (%), intensity (%) and mean live colonies of RSW were recorded.

Results
The results revealed that the combination of I. fumosorosea (ICAR-NBAIR Pfu-5) @ 5 ml/l + profenophos 50 EC @ 2 ml/l spray significantly reduced per cent infestation of RSW (82.97%), per cent intensity of RSW (80.49%) and mean RSW live colonies (79.68%) followed by combination of I. fumosorosea (ICAR-NBAIR Pfu-5) @ 5 ml/l + buprofezin 25% SC @ 1.25 ml/l spray significantly reduced per cent infestation of RSW (79.35%), intensity of RSW (74.79%) and mean RSW live colonies (74.20%) over I. fumosorosea (ICAR-NBAIR Pfu-5) @ 5 ml/l alone and untreated control. A combination of I. fumosorosea (5 ml/l) + profenophos 50 EC (2 ml/l) spray twice at an interval of 15 days was found effective in reducing the RSW population on coconut.

Conclusions
The present study concludes that the RSW can be controlled effectively by I. fumosorosea alone and in combination with novel insecticides at a reduced rate which showed better toxicity, ovicidal action and preserve natural enemies and reduced environmental load of chemical pesticides.
Role of plant growth promoting microbes in the control of fungal foliar diseases of tomato under protected cultivation
Authors: Hegde Gurudatt M. , Malligawad Lokanath H. , Sreenivasa M. N. , Chetri Bimal K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of plant growth-promoting microbes on the foliar disease of organic tomatoes under protected cultivation. The biological control agents, viz., Trichoderma harzianum (T. harzianum), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), and Pseudomonas fluorescens (P. fluorescens), used seed treatment, seedling dip, and spray separately in sequence with the plot size of (2.5 × 1 m) and the spacing of (45 × 60 cm). The observations on percentage disease yield and plant growth parameters were assessed, and economics was calculated. Tukey's HSD at p < 0.05 was used to compare all means among treatments.

Results
The results showed that seed treatment with B. subtilis at 5 g, followed by a seedling dip with B. subtilis at 10 g l−1 and spray with B. subtilis at 5 g l−1 four times at 15 days intervals significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the tomato diseases early blight, septoria leaf spot, and powdery mildew (T2). These results were comparable to seed treated with P. fluorescens at 5 g l−1, followed by a seedling dipping with P. fluorescens at 10 g l−1 and spraying with P. fluorescens at 10 g l−1 four times at 15-day intervals (T3). Except for T1, plant parameters, yields, net returns, and benefits were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the untreated control (T8).

Conclusion
The applications of B. subtilis and P. fluorescens as plant growth-promoting microbes had a considerable scope for managing fungal foliar (multiple) diseases and achieving sustainable yields under the protected cultivation of organically grown tomatoes.
Survival in patients with multiple myeloma: evaluation of possible associations with bone marrow fibrosis and investigation of factors independently associated with survival
Authors: Dogan Esma Evrim , Arslan Aysenur , Demirel Naciye , Aydin Demet , Mansuroglu Ilknur , Atak Suheyla , Keklik Karadag Fatma , Eren Rafet , Saydam Guray 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by infiltration of neoplastic plasma cells in the bone marrow. Although many novel agents have been developed in the last decade, MM remains a non-curable disease. The association between bone marrow fibrosis (BMF) and MM survival is unknown, and the considerable changes in patient survival during the last few decades necessitates new studies to examine survival and associated factors in patients with MM.

Results
A total of 72 patients with MM, 39 (54.17%) males and 33 (45.83%) females, were included in this retrospective study. Fifteen patients did not have BMF, 55 had BMF (grades 1–4); there were no significant differences between these groups in terms of any of the parameters examined. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 56.5 ± 7.4%. Mean OS was 81.54 ± 7.01 months, mean progression-free survival (PFS) after first-line treatment was 14.07 ± 2.54 months, and mean PFS after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) was 25.92 ± 3.66 months. Survival times or mortality risk were not found to be associated with BMF in any of the analyses (HR 1.208, [95% CI 0.408–3.578], p = 0.733). Mortality risk was increased by 8.163-fold in patients with hypercalcemia (HR 8.163, 95% CI 2.413–27.617, p = 0.001), while it was decreased by 0.243-fold in patients with favourable response to first-line treatment (HR 0.243, 95% CI 0.078–0.756, p = 0.015). Younger patients (< 60 years) had a 1.981-fold greater risk of progression after first-line treatment (HR 1.981, 95% CI 1.111–3.532, p = 0.021), while those with hypercalcemia had a 3.160-fold greater risk of progression after ASCT (HR 3.160, 95% CI 1.103–9.052, p = 0.032). Low haemoglobin levels were also associated with increased mortality risk (p = 0.024).

Conclusion
Although hypercalcemia, unfavourable treatment response, young age and a low haemoglobin level were found to be indicators of poor prognosis in patients with MM, no relationship was found between BMF and survival.
The prevalence and determining factors of sleep disorders vary by gender in the Egyptian public officials: a large cross-sectional study
Authors: Eshak Ehab Salah 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Several studies have investigated sleep disorders in the general population. However, a few studies were conducted among the working population and none among the Egyptian workers. We aimed to assess the prevalence of sleep disorders and determine their associated factors. In a sample of 3143 Egyptian public officials, we collected, via a self-administered questionnaire, cross-sectional data on demographics, social, occupational, behavioral, and medical factors associated with sleep. The Jenkins sleep evaluation (JSEQ) questionnaire assessed four sleep disorders, and the logistic and linear regression models determined the associated factors.

Results
The prevalence of sleep disorders was 26.2% and 14.5% in female and male Egyptian public officials. Common factors associated with sleep disorders in men and women were age, BMI, job demands and control, and history of chronic disease and depression. However, other associated factors varied by gender. Urban residence (aOR = 1.54 (1.10–2.17), overtime work (aOR = 1.60 (1.16–2.23), and low perceived family social support (aOR = 1.63 (1.06–2.52) in males, while higher income (aOR = 3.64 (1.71–7.73) in females were positively associated with sleep disorders. Higher education levels were associated positively in females and inversely in males with sleep disorders. These factors predicted 28% and 39% of the total variance in the JSEQ score in females and males, respectively. Moreover, the associated factors varied by the type of sleep disorder.

Conclusions
The determinants of sleep disorders varied by gender. Worksite interventions to improve job control and income and reduce chronic physical and mental disease risk are recommended to enhance sleep quality.
Moisture sorption characteristics and modelling of babool (Acacia nilotica) gum
Authors: Saraugi Shristi Shefali , Patel Shadanan , Sahu Chandrahas , Pisalkar Prashant S. , Sahu Pooja , Khokhar Dharmendra 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The study of sorption isotherm is the most important for prediction of shelf life, selection of packaging materials, drying characteristics, etc., of any food and agricultural materials. Gum is hygroscopic in nature, so finding of moisture sorption is crucial. Equilibrium moisture content of babool gum at 30, 40, 50 and 60 °C temperatures under relative humidity ranging from 11 to 95% was determined.

Results
Maximum equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of babool gum (33.6%, db) was recorded with the set of highest relative humidity (92.3%) at lowest temperature (30 °C), and minimum (2.8%, db) was obtained with the set of lowest relative humidity (10.9%) at highest temperature (60 °C) under the experimental conditions. The EMC data were employed in five well-identified sorption models, namely GAB, Iglesias and Chirife, Caurie, Halsey and BET model. GAB model best interpreted the data in a reasonable way as per statistical parameters of goodness of fit. The monolayer moisture content Mo was found to be 8.46 and 7.49 g/100 g at 30 and 60 °C, respectively.

Conclusion
The sorption behaviours of babool gum were classified as type-II curves. It was obviously perceived that the isosteric heat decreases with the boost in moisture content.
Salivary and serum expression of TNF-α and Ki-67 in oral potentially malignant lesions
Authors: Tarek Heba E. , Shalash Heba N. , Morsy Reham A. A. , Mostafa Basma , Hassan Mirhane , Abbas Rania M. , Ellithy Marwa M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundOral potentially malignant lesions (OPML) are suspicious lesions that may turn into malignancy according to the degree of dysplasia. Early diagnosis of these lesions allows their treatment before malignant transformation. Saliva is a liquid biopsy that can be obtained easily from the patient and assessed for biomarkers expression. Our study aimed to investigate the possibility of using salivary and serum TNF-α and Ki-67 in early detection of OPML. Patients with OPML were selected according to histopathological evaluation of the suspected lesions. The lesions were stained immunohistochemically by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and Ki-67. Saliva and blood samples were collected from the patients for detecting the expression of the markers by ELISA.ResultsThe level of TNF-α and Ki-67 was higher in patients with OPML than healthy individuals regarding both saliva and serum. TNF-α was significantly higher in saliva than in serum unlike Ki-67 which was insignificantly higher in saliva than in serum. The OPML show negative expression of TNF-α in OPML immunohistochemically unlike Ki-67 which show intense positive expression in OPML immunohistochemically.ConclusionsSaliva can be used as an early noninvasive biomarker detector depending on selecting the appropriate salivary biomarker. Salivary TNF-α can be used in early diagnosis of OPML.
Fire history and vegetation data reveal ecological benefits of recent mixed-severity fires in the Cumberland Mountains, West Virginia, USA
Authors: Saladyga Thomas , Palmquist Kyle A. , Bacon Cassie M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Without periodic fire, fire-adapted plant communities across the Central Hardwood Forest Region (CHF) in the USA have undergone significant changes in forest structure and species composition, most notably a decrease in oak regeneration and herbaceous diversity and an increase in shade-tolerant, fire-sensitive tree species. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of two mixed pine-oak (Pinus-Quercus) forests with different land management histories in the Cumberland Mountains of southern West Virginia where fire ecology and fire effects are understudied. We reconstructed the fire history of both sites from fire-scarred shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.) and pitch pine (Pinus rigida Mill.) trees to describe variation in the fire regimes over time. We also made plant community measurements that spatially coincided with fire-scarred pines to assess present-day plant community structure in relation to recent fire history.

Results
Before 1970, fires at Hite Fork and Wall Fork occurred frequently and almost exclusively in the dormant season, every 7–8 years on average. The fire regimes diverged in the Post-Industrial era (1970–2020), during which there was a single fire at Wall Fork, while six major fires, scarring more than 40% of sampled trees, occurred between 1985 and 2017 at Hite Fork. Four of these dormant-season fires correspond to late fall incendiary fires in the observational record. These differences in recent fire history had large effects on plant community structure. Recent mixed-severity fires at Hite Fork likely caused mortality of pole-sized trees and opened the canopy, creating conditions favorable for pine recruitment and resulted in significantly higher species richness in the herbaceous layer compared to Wall Fork, which exhibited the effects of mesophication.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that frequent mixed-severity fire in pine-oak forests of the Cumberland Mountains can meet management objectives by reducing mesophytic tree abundance, increasing herbaceous diversity and pine recruitment, and generally promoting forest heterogeneity.
The effects of electrical stimulation on glial cell behaviour
Authors: Tsui Christopher T. , Lal Preet , Fox Katelyn V. R. , Churchward Matthew A. , Todd Kathryn G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNeural interface devices interact with the central nervous system (CNS) to substitute for some sort of functional deficit and improve quality of life for persons with disabilities. Design of safe, biocompatible neural interface devices is a fast-emerging field of neuroscience research. Development of invasive implant materials designed to directly interface with brain or spinal cord tissue has focussed on mitigation of glial scar reactivity toward the implant itself, but little exists in the literature that directly documents the effects of electrical stimulation on glial cells. In this review, a survey of studies documenting such effects has been compiled and categorized based on the various types of stimulation paradigms used and their observed effects on glia. A hybrid neuroscience cell biology-engineering perspective is offered to highlight considerations that must be made in both disciplines in the development of a safe implant. To advance knowledge on how electrical stimulation affects glia, we also suggest experiments elucidating electrochemical reactions that may occur as a result of electrical stimulation and how such reactions may affect glia. Designing a biocompatible stimulation paradigm should be a forefront consideration in the development of a device with improved safety and longevity.
Biogenic surfactant mediated facile synthesis of visible light sensitized Zn/Mg co-doped TiO2 nanomaterials – a green approach: evaluation of photocatalytic activity by degradation of Amido Black 10B
Authors: Jaishree Genji , Divya Gorli , Rao Tirukkovalluri Siva , Chippada M. L. V. Prasanna , Raju Imandi Manga 
Published: September 2022

AbstractVisible light-driven Zn and Mg co-doped TiO2 nanomaterials were synthesized by varying dopant concentrations in presence of biogenic surfactant Sapindus emerginatus (biogenic extract) via the Sol-gel method and have been successfully applicated to the degradation of Amido Black 10B (AB 10B), an exemplary anionic textile azo dye pollutant. This study explored the potent capping properties of biogenic extract surfactant by encapsulating the Zn/Mg co-doped TiO2. In a view to assessing the physical and optical properties of the as-synthesized catalysts, various advanced instrumental techniques were adopted. The Transmission Electron Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis show the formation of small particle sizes (6.9 nm) pertaining to biogenic surfactant-assisted Zn/Mg co-doped TiO2 (ZMT4S2). The substitutional doping of Zn and Mg into the TiO2 framework by substituting Ti4+ ion and the encapsulation of surfactant around catalyst was confirmed by Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectral studies. The surface area of the ZMT4S2 was found to be high (195 m2 g− 1) as compared with undoped TiO2 (74 m2 g− 1) and Zn (1.00 wt%) / Mg (0.25 wt%) co-doped TiO2 (ZMT4) (132 m2 g− 1). The red shift in the absorbance was observed for all the catalysts analyzed using UV-Vis-Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-Vis-DRS) confirms the ZMT4S2 showing less band gap of 2.1 eV than other catalysts. Further the electrical property of the catalyst was studied using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. The results obtained from impedance and Mott-Schotky plots show the reduced electrical resistance and electron hole recombination respectively. The sensitivity of the catalyst towards visible light was confirmed by its band gap energy measurement using UV-Vis-DRS. The anatase phase of all the catalysts was confirmed using powder X-ray diffraction. The composition and wt% of dopants revealed the Energy Dispersive X-ray spectra agree well with the calculated value. The slightly shifted frequency bands (FTIR) further confirmed the doping of Zn and Mg. The characterization analysis reports further accounts for the effective degradation of AB 10B dye (99%) taking place within 20 min of irradiation time at optimized reaction parameters such as best dopant concentration ZMT4, catalyst dosage (100 mg L− 1), dye concentration (10 mg L− 1) and solution pH 3.
Association of Interleukin 6 and Interleukin 8 genes polymorphisms with house dust mite-induced nasal-bronchial allergy in a sample of Indian patients
Authors: Dey Debarati , Mondal Priti , Moitra Saibal , Saha Goutam Kumar , Podder Sanjoy 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Genetic background of nasal-bronchial allergy (NBA) is well documented. House Dust Mites (HDMs) are reported to elicit NBA symptoms. Susceptibility to HDM sensitization varies considerably from person to person. Interleukin 6 (IL 6) and Interleukin 8 (IL 8) are studied previously for genetic association with several diseases. To the best of our knowledge, the genetic association of HDM-induced NBA has not been largely reported from India. The aim of our present study was to evaluate any possible association of IL 6 and IL 8 gene polymorphisms with HDM-induced NBA in an Indian population.

Methods
IL 6 (− 572G/C, − 597G/A) and IL 8 polymorphisms (− 251A/T, + 781C/T) were analyzed in a HDM-sensitized group (N = 372) and a control group (N = 110). Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) based genotyping was done. Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact tests were applied for statistical analysis.

Results
IL 6 − 597G/A and IL 8 + 781C/T were not associated with HDM-sensitization, while IL 6 − 72G/C and IL 8 − 51A/T showed significant associations in terms of both genotype and allele frequencies. For both the SNPs, minor allele frequencies were significantly higher in the patients compared to the control. Moreover, IL 6 -572G/C and IL 8 -251A/T were found to be strongly linked with HDM sensitization and severity.

Conclusion
This is probably the pioneer study to describe the association of IL 6 and IL 8 polymorphisms with HDM sensitization in any Indian population. The results suggested that IL 6 -572G/C and IL 8 -251A/T may exert a risk of HDM sensitization leading to NBA.
Readiness as a precursor of early implementation outcomes: an exploratory study in specialty clinics
Authors: Livet Melanie , Blanchard Carrie , Richard Chloe 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Readiness has been identified as an essential precursor of successful implementation. However, evidence supporting its value is sparse. Empirical studies exploring the relationship between the application of readiness interventions, readiness levels, and implementation outcomes are lacking. The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to evaluate the effectiveness of a readiness intervention (based on increases in readiness levels, changes in early implementation outcomes (i.e., acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility, and intent to adopt), and qualitative insights into the types of perceived outcomes) and (2) to assess the role of readiness as a predictor of these early implementation outcomes.

Methods
Seven healthcare specialty clinics engaged in a structured process to assess and build readiness for implementing a comprehensive medication management (CMM) service over a 10-month period. A mixed methods approach, which included surveys with healthcare stakeholders at each clinic (N = 27) and interviews with the lead pharmacists (N = 7), was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the readiness intervention (aim 1). Survey data were also used to conduct multiple regression models to assess the role of readiness as a predictor of early acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility, and intent to adopt CMM (aim 2).

Results
Significantly higher readiness levels, as well as higher scores on acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility, and intent to adopt, were reported as a result of engaging in the readiness intervention. However, upon closer examination, the direction of this association seemed to be dependent on the type of clinic. Qualitative data on the types of perceived outcomes resulting from engaging in the readiness intervention provided further insights into the potential reasons for these findings. Furthermore, post-readiness levels predicted between 44 and 68% of the variance in the early implementation outcomes. When accounting for clinic membership, readiness remained critical for service acceptability, feasibility, and intent to adopt but not for appropriateness.

Conclusion
These findings provide insights into the relationship between use of a readiness intervention, readiness levels, and early implementation outcomes. Engaging healthcare settings in a readiness intervention was beneficial in ways more complex than a simple positive linear relationship, highlighting the opportunity to broaden its purpose and expand definitions of readiness success. In addition, the importance of readiness levels in predicting early implementation outcomes, while critical, also seems to be highly dependent on context, particularly for appropriateness (fit).
The effect of asset and liability management on the financial performance of microfinance institutions: evidence from sub-Saharan African region
Authors: Abebe Mulualem Getahun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study applies statistical cost accounting method to a sample of 106 sub-Saharan African microfinance institutions (MFIs) during 2014–2018 to investigate the relationship between asset-liability management and financial performance. The result shows that the composition of assets and liabilities has both positive and negative effects on the returns of the MFIs in the sample. Net loan portfolio, other current financial liabilities and MFI size are significantly and positively related to return on assets of listed MFIs. Deposits, borrowings and other liabilities, on the other hand, are significantly and negatively related to financial performance. Overall, the study suggests that adequate attention needs to be paid to asset-liability management to ensure better financial performance.