bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the density of sumsets
Authors: Leonetti Paolo , Tringali Salvatore 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecently introduced by the authors in [Proc. Edinb. Math. Soc. 60 (2020), 139–167], quasi-densities form a large family of real-valued functions partially defined on the power set of the integers that serve as a unifying framework for the study of many known densities (including the asymptotic density, the Banach density, the logarithmic density, the analytic density, and the Pólya density). We further contribute to this line of research by proving that (1) for each $$n \in \mathbf{N}^+$$

n
∈

N

+

and $$\alpha \in [0,1]$$

α
∈
[
0
,
1
]

, there is $$A \subseteq {\mathbf {N}}$$

A
⊆
N

with $$kA \in \text {dom}(\mu )$$

k
A
∈
dom
(
μ
)

and $$\mu (kA) = \alpha k/n$$

μ
(
k
A
)
=
α
k
/
n

for every quasi-density $$\mu $$
μ
and every $$k=1,\ldots , n$$

k
=
1
,
…
,
n

, where $$kA:=A+\cdots +A$$

k
A
:
=
A
+
⋯
+
A

is the k-fold sumset of A and $$\text {dom}(\mu )$$

dom
(
μ
)

denotes the domain of definition of $$\mu $$
μ
; (2) for each $$\alpha \in [0,1]$$

α
∈
[
0
,
1
]

and every non-empty finite $$B\subseteq \mathbf {N}$$

B
⊆
N

, there is $$A \subseteq \mathbf {N}$$

A
⊆
N

with $$A+B \in \mathrm {dom}(\mu )$$

A
+
B
∈
dom
(
μ
)

and $$\mu (A+B)=\alpha $$

μ
(
A
+
B
)
=
α

for every quasi-density $$\mu $$
μ
; (3) for each $$\alpha \in [0,1]$$

α
∈
[
0
,
1
]

, there exists $$A\subseteq \mathbf {N}$$

A
⊆
N

with $$2A = {\mathbf {N}}$$

2
A
=
N

such that $$A \in \text {dom}(\mu )$$

A
∈
dom
(
μ
)

and $$\mu (A) = \alpha $$

μ
(
A
)
=
α

for every quasi-density $$\mu $$
μ
. Proofs rely on the properties of a little known density first considered by R. C. Buck and the “structure” of the set of all quasi-densities; in particular, they are rather different than previously known proofs of special cases of the same results.
Brauer character degrees and Sylow normalizers
Authors: Bonazzi Lorenzo , Navarro Gabriel , Rizo Noelia , Sanus Lucía 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIfpandqare primes, andGis ap-solvable finite group, it is possible to detect that aq-Sylow normalizer is contained in ap-Sylow normalizer using the character table ofG. This is characterized in terms of the degrees ofp-Brauer characters. Some consequences, which include yet another generalization of the Itô–Michler theorem, are also obtained.
Verschuldung von Verbraucher:innen in Deutschland: Stand und Entwicklung
Authors: Peters Sally 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article looks at over-indebtedness in Germany and its current status and trends. COVID-19 created increased attention on private debt and over-indebtedness. Various studies within the last two years show the severe financial impact of the pandemic; the situation has only eased in phases, but remains critical overall. A fundamental undersupply of efficient and effective debt counselling has become apparent. Current developments (especially with regard to energy prices) have increased the need for debt counselling.
Armut in Deutschland — Einfluss der Coronapandemie noch nicht ablesbar
Authors: Niehues Judith 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhile the risk of poverty increased quite markedly around the turn of the millennium, a further but flatter increase can be subsequently observed. The development was also accompanied by a stronger increase in the at-risk-of-poverty threshold, particularly in the wake of the positive income trend in the years prior to the coronavirus pandemic. The extent to which the corona pandemic influenced poverty cannot yet be assessed, as the results published so far are not comparable with previous years due to a break in the available time series. However, first indications of simulation studies suggest that the relative risk of poverty and the distribution of disposable income may have changed only slightly.
Zur Stärkung der Sozialen Schuldnerberatung ist sofortiges und entschlossenes Handeln der Politik gefragt
Authors: Moers Ines 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung und AusblickEine Stärkung der Sozialen Schuldnerberatung in Deutschland ist sozial und ökonomisch sinnvoll. Mit vier Ansatzpunkten könnte diese Stärkung bewirkt werden. Ob und, wenn ja, welche dieser Ansatzpunkte in den nächsten Jahren realisiert werden können, hängt allerdings wesentlich vom politischen Willen der handelnden Akteur:innen ab. Ermutigend ist, dass dieser Wille im Koalitionsvertrag bereits explizit zum Ausdruck gebracht wurde. Es ist nun an der Politik, diesen Willen in die Tat umzusetzen.
Verbraucherkredit als Daseinsvorsorge?
Authors: Domurath Irina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has shown once again that it is often the poor who suffer from economic downturn in times of crisis. As was the case in the financial crisis of 2008, we now have an opportunity to rethink the role of consumer credit in society and design and create a legal framework that adequately reflects that role. The following thought experiment hopes to give impetus to legal reforms.
Grenzregion Polen — Deutschland: gestärkt durch die COVID-19-Pandemie
Authors: Fleßa Steffen , Kuntosch Julia 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie COVID-19-Krise hatte erhebliche Auswirkungen auf die Grenzregion Polen — Deutschland. Der Beitrag untersucht, ob die Pandemie tatsächlich den Abstand zwischen der Grenzregion als strukturschwacher Region und dem Rest von Deutschland erhöhen wird, oder ob die Krise sogar eine Chance bietet. Hierzu wurden neben einer Online-Befragung ebenfalls Experteninterviews durchgeführt und ausgewertet. Die Zielregion ist vergleichsweise gut durch die Krise gekommen, jedoch sollte die Region die Chance nutzen und bereits begonnene Veränderungen wie Digitalisierung und Flexibilisierung weiter vorantreiben.
Effekte einer Tilgungsstreckung für coronabedingte Staatsschulden
Authors: Broer Michael 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Koalitionsvertrag erschwert Steuererhöhungen. Die Bundesregierung benötigt aber Einnahmen für politisch erwünschte Projekte. Aus diesem Grund plant die Regierung, den Tilgungsplan für die Coronakredite zu strecken. Diese Politik mindert die Tilgungsbelastung in der Gegenwart und schafft somit finanzielle Spielräume für Ausgaben. Steigen zukünftig die Renditen der Staatsanleihen, so erhöht sich aufgrund der Verlängerung der Tilgungsdauer die Zinsbelastung. Werden die durch die Tilgungsstreckung gewonnenen finanziellen Spielräume für Investitionen verwendet, so erben zukünftige Generationen Schulden und Vermögenswerte. Tatsächlich liegen die investiven Ausgaben des Bundes in den vergangenen zwei Jahren bei 11,3%. Würde dies auch für diese Mittel gelten, käme es zu einer starken Belastung der zukünftigen Generation und einem Verstoß gegen die Generationengerechtigkeit.
Quantum game approach for capacity allocation decisions under strategic reasoning
Authors: Fadaki Masih , Abbasi Babak , Chhetri Prem 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFrom a common point of view, quantum mechanics, psychology, and decision science disciplines try to predict how unruly systems (atomic particles, human behaviors, and decision makers’ choices) might behave in the future. Effective predicting outcome of a capacity allocation game under various allocation policies requires a profound understanding as how strategic reasoning of decision makers contributes to the financial gain of players. A quantum game framework is employed in the current study to investigate how performance of allocation policies is affected when buyers strategize over order quantities. The results show that the degree of being manipulative for allocation mechanisms is not identical and adopting adaptive quantum method is the most effective approach to secure the highest fill rate and profit when it is practiced under a reasonable range of entanglement levels.
A survey on local transport mode detection on the edge of the network
Authors: Kamalian Mahdieh , Ferreira Paulo , Jul Eric 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe present a survey of smartphone-based Transport Mode Detection (TMD). We categorize TMD solutions into local and remote; the first ones are addressed in this article. A local approach performs the following steps in the smartphone (and not in some faraway cloud servers): 1) data collection or sensing, 2) preprocessing, 3) feature extraction, and 4) classification (with a previous training phase). A local TMD approach outperforms a remote approach due to less delay, improved privacy, no need for Internet connection, better or equal accuracy and smaller data size. Therefore, we present local TMD solutions taking into account the above mentioned four steps and analyze them according to the most relevant requirements: accuracy, delay, resources consumption and generalization. To achieve the highest accuracy (100%), studies used a different combination of sensors, features and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms. The results suggest that accelerometer and GPS (Global Position System) are the most useful sensors for data collection. Discriminative ML algorithms, such as random forest, outperform the other algorithms for classification. Some solutions improved the delay of the proposed system by using a small window size and a local approach. A few studies could improve battery usage of their system by utilizing low battery-consuming sensors (e.g., accelerometer) and low sampling rate (e.g., 10Hz). CPU usage is primarily dependent on data collection, while memory usage is related to the features and complexity of the ML algorithm. Finally, the generalization requirement is met in studies that consider user, location and position independency into account.
Dynamic Measurement of Specific Heat Above 1000 K
Authors: Urban David , Anhalt Klaus 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith increasing demand of thermophysical property data at high temperatures in the field e.g. of space aeronautics and manufacturing new measurement methods need to be established to guarantee reliable and SI-traceable measurements up to 3000 K. In the framework of the European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research (EMPIR) within the joint research project Hi-Trace the dynamic emissivity measurement at PTB has been advanced to determine the specific heat up to around 2000 K. This paper outlines the necessary technical advancements such as an induction heating system, the measurement principle which utilize graphite coated samples and uncertainty evaluation using an adaptive Monte Carlo method. The specific heat of graphite and tungsten was measured in a temperature range from 1000 K to 2000 K with relative expanded uncertainties ($$k=2$$

k
=
2

) ranging from 8 % to 12 %.
ASD Diagnosis and Treatment Experiences Among Mexican Heritage Families
Authors: Cohen Shana R. , Miguel Jessica , Trejos Jessica 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo understand the ASD diagnosis and treatment pathways for US families, N = 38 Mexican-heritage mothers were interviewed about how and when they obtained an ASD diagnosis for their children. Most children (84%) were diagnosed between two and three years old. One-third of mothers reported receiving four to seven referrals before diagnosis. Mothers identified multiple diagnosis circumstances including two diagnoses and services offered before diagnosis. A multiple case study design documented the diagnosis and treatment experiences of four representative participants. As compared to previous studies that utilized a deficit lens to rationalize barriers to diagnosis and treatment (e.g., parents not knowledgeable about ASD), these findings revealed a complex understanding of how structural barriers (e.g., immigration status), initial diagnosis rejection among caregivers, and abrupt service cancellation complicated the diagnosis and treatment process. Implications identified suggestions to optimize and streamline ASD diagnosis and treatment pathways for Mexican heritage families.
Subjective Poverty Moderates the Association Between Carer Status and Psychological Outcomes of Adult Siblings of People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Hayden Nikita K. , Hastings Richard P. , Kassa Clare , Danylec Frances 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAdult siblings are potentially important sources of care, support, advocacy, and friendship for their brothers and sisters with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Drawing on data about 851 adult siblings who completed an online national survey, we examined predictors and potential key moderators of siblings’ mental distress, wellbeing, quality of life, and health outcomes. Moderated regression analyses indicated that siblings experiencing higher levels of subjective poverty; siblings with brothers and sisters with lower levels of independence; and siblings who are carers and also experiencing low levels of subjective poverty, had worse outcomes and may be in need of specific supports. Compared to normative samples, adult siblings of people with IDD had worse outcomes across the measures.
Combining ZnO inverse opal and ZnO nanorods using ALD and hydrothermal growth
Authors: Karajz Dániel , Cseh Domonkos , Parditka Bence , Erdélyi Zoltán , Szilágyi Imre 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we combine the atomic layer deposition synthesis method of inverse opal with the hydrothermal growth of nanorods. From 460 nm polystyrene nanospheres opal crystals were produced using vertical deposition on Si wafers. The opal templates were covered with ZnO by atomic layer deposition. High temperature annealing was used to remove the polystyrene nanospheres to obtain the inverse opal structure. For the hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanorods, two production routes were analysed: hydrothermal reaction before and after the removal of the template. The two paths produced two distinct structures, one with plate like formations and one with nanorods, respectively. Also, the sample modified by the hydrothermal growth after the annealing showed slight differences in optical properties compared to the regular inverse opal. Morphology, composition and structure of the samples were explored using SEM, EDX and XRD. Optical properties were investigated with reflectance UV–Vis spectroscopy. Thermal stability of the polystyrene opal was determined using TG.
The correlation between positive reviews, playtime, design and game mechanics in souls-like role-playing video games
Authors: Guzsvinecz Tibor 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe “Souls-like” role-playing video game genre was inadvertently created due to the influence of the “Souls franchise”. However, each game has different twists which can be new gameplay mechanics, graphical style, etc. while maintaining the core elements of the “Souls franchise”. The goal of this study is to understand which gameplay mechanics are more liked by comparing reviews of these games to each other. Thus, different game design elements and game mechanics are investigated in 21 “Souls-like” video games to see how the users reacted to them and whether they positively reviewed them. All (993,932) reviews were scraped from the Steam webpage regarding these games in the middle of April 2021 using the steam_reviews Python package. These reviews contain the playtime at review, whether a positive or negative rating is given, and a textual component among others. Overall, 11 various game design elements and game mechanics were set up for the investigation: the setting, graphical dimensions as well as style, level design, and whether there are difficulty settings, multiplayer features, upgradeable weapons/armor, equipment durability, in-game map, extra penalties upon death, and a classic level-up system. Based on data distributions, either the t-test or the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test was used for the analysis. The syuzhet package, which uses Natural Language Processing methods, was used in the statistical program package R along with the NRC Emotion Lexicon to evaluate the textual parts. According to the results, a slight-to-moderate correlation exists between positive reviews and the users’ playtimes: more playtimes mean a larger chance of having positive reviews. Significant differences also exist in the percentages of positive reviews among these games: Hollow Knight is the most liked game. Out of the investigated 11 factors, significant differences exist among all of them: drawn graphics (96.48%) and 2D style (95.61%) are the two most liked factors, while pixel graphics (87.11%) and a futuristic setting (86.74%) are the two least liked ones. Almost every factor can significantly affect all eight basic emotions (anger, anticipation, disgust, fear, joy, sadness, surprise, trust). The exceptions are graphical dimensions, weapon/armor upgradability, in-game map, and extra penalties upon character death as no significant differences exist in case of trust (p = 0.85), anger (p = 0.24), sadness (p = 0.21) and disgust (p = 0.095), respectively when the average sentiments per review were examined. Future “Souls-like” game design and development can be influenced by the results as game developers can more easily choose from the factors they want to implement or whether they want them at all in their games.
Music information visualization and classical composers discovery: an application of network graphs, multidimensional scaling, and support vector machines
Authors: Georges Patrick , Seckin Aylin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article illustrates different information visualization techniques applied to a database of classical composers and visualizes both the macrocosm of the Common Practice Period and the microcosms of twentieth century classical music. It uses data on personal (composer-to-composer) musical influences to generate and analyze network graphs. Data on style influences and composers ‘ecological’ data are then combined to composer-to-composer musical influences to build a similarity/distance matrix, and a multidimensional scaling analysis is used to locate the relative position of composers on a map while preserving the pairwise distances. Finally, a support-vector machines algorithm is used to generate classification maps. This article falls into the realm of an experiment in music education, not musicology. The ultimate objective is to explore parts of the classical music heritage and stimulate interest in discovering composers. In an age offering either inculcation through lists of prescribed composers and compositions to explore, or music recommendation algorithms that automatically propose works to listen to next, the analysis illustrates an alternative path that might promote the active rather than passive discovery of composers and their music in a less restrictive way than inculcation through prescription.
Managing academic performance by optimal resource allocation
Authors: Grigoriev Alexander , Mondrus Olga 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we develop and study a complex data-driven framework for human resource management enabling (i) academic talent recognition, (ii) researcher performance measurement, and (iii) renewable resource allocation maximizing the total output of a research unit. Suggested resource allocation guarantees the optimal output under strong economic assumptions: the agents are rational, collaborative and have no incentives to behave selfishly. In reality, however, agents often play strategically maximizing their own utilities, e.g., maximizing the resources assigned to them. This strategic behavior is typically mitigated by implementation of performance-driven or uniform resource allocation schemes. Next to the framework presentation, we address the cost of such mitigation.
Ultrasound-guided prostate percutaneous intervention robot system and calibration by informative particle swarm optimization
Authors: Yan Jiawen , Pan Bo , Fu Yili 
Published: March 2022

AbstractApplying a robot system in ultrasound-guided percutaneous intervention is an effective approach for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment. The limited space for robot manipulation restricts structure volume and motion. In this paper, an 8-degree-of-freedom robot system is proposed for ultrasound probe manipulation, needle positioning, and needle insertion. A novel parallel structure is employed in the robot system for space saving, structural rigidity, and collision avoidance. The particle swarm optimization method based on informative value is proposed for kinematic parameter identification to calibrate the parallel structure accurately. The method identifies parameters in the modified kinematic model stepwise according to parameter discernibility. Verification experiments prove that the robot system can realize motions needed in targeting. By applying the calibration method, a reasonable, reliable forward kinematic model is built, and the average errors can be limited to 0.963 and 1.846 mm for insertion point and target point, respectively.
Kurtosis removal for data pre-processing
Authors: Loperfido Nicola 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMesokurtic projections are linear projections with null fourth cumulants. They might be useful data pre-processing tools when nonnormality, as measured by the fourth cumulants, is either an opportunity or a challenge. Nonnull fourth cumulants are opportunities when projections with extreme kurtosis are used to identify interesting nonnormal features, as for example clusters and outliers. Unfortunately, this approach suffers from the curse of dimensionality, which may be addressed by projecting the data onto the subspace orthogonal to mesokurtic projections. Nonnull fourth cumulants are challenges when using statistical methods whose sampling properties heavily depend on the fourth cumulant themselves. Mesokurtic projections ease the problem by allowing to use the inferential properties of the same methods under normality. The paper shows necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of mesokurtic projections and compares them with other gaussianization methods. Theoretical and empirical results suggest that mesokurtic transformations are particularly useful when sampling from finite normal mixtures. The practical use of mesokurtic projections is illustrated with the AIS and the RANDU datasets.
Numerical and experimental identification of fatigue crack initiation sites in clinched joints
Authors: Ewenz L. , Bielak Ch. R. , Otroshi M. , Bobbert M. , Meschut G. , Zimmermann M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a study based on experimental and numerical simulations is performed to analyze fatigue cracks in clinched joints. An experimental investigation is conducted to determine the failure modes of clinched joints under cyclic loading at different load amplitudes with single-lap shear tests. In addition, numerical FEM simulations of clinching process and subsequent shear loading are performed to support the experimental investigations by analyzing the state of stresses at the location of failure. An attempt is made to explain the location of crack initiation in the experiments using evaluation variables such as contact shear stress and maximum principal stress.