bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initiation of aboveground organ primordia depends on combined action of auxin, ERECTA family genes, and PINOID
Authors: DeGennaro Daniel , Urquidi Camacho Ricardo Andres , Zhang Liang , Shpak Elena D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLeaves and flowers are produced by the shoot apical meristem (SAM) at a certain distance from its center, a process that requires the hormone auxin. The amount of auxin and the pattern of its distribution in the initiation zone determine the size and spatial arrangement of organ primordia. Auxin gradients in the SAM are formed by PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin efflux carriers whose polar localization in the plasma membrane depends on the protein kinase PINOID (PID).Previous work determined that ERECTA family genes (ERfs) control initiation of leaves. ERfs are plasma membrane receptors that enable cell-to-cell communications by sensing extracellular small proteins from Epidermal Patterning Factor/EPF-like (EPF/EPFL) family. Here, we investigate whether ERfs regulate initiation of organs by altering auxin distribution or signaling. Genetic and pharmacological data suggest that ERfs do not regulate organogenesis through PINs while transcriptomics data show ERfs do not alter primary transcriptional responses to auxin.Our results indicate that in the absence of ERf signaling, the peripheral zone cells inefficiently initiate leaves in response to auxin signals and that increased accumulation of auxin in the er erl1 erl2 SAM can partially rescue organ initiation defects. We propose that both auxin and ERfs are essential for leaf initiation, and that they have common downstream targets. Genetic data also indicate that the role of PID in initiation of cotyledons and leaves cannot be attributed solely to regulation of PIN polarity, and PID is likely to have other functions in addition to regulation of auxin distribution.Summary statementAuxin is unable to promote cotyledon and leaf initiation in the absence of signaling by ERECTA family receptor kinases and the kinase PINOID.
Local light signalling at the leaf tip drives remote differential petiole growth through auxin-gibberellin dynamics
Authors: Küpers Jesse J. , Snoek Basten L. , Oskam Lisa , Pantazopoulou Chrysoula K. , Matton Sanne E. A. , Reinen Emilie , Liao Che-Yang , Eggermont Eline D.C. , Weekamp Harold , Kohlen Wouter , Weijers Dolf , Pierik Ronald 
Published: February 2022

SummaryAlthough plants are immobile, many of their organs are flexible to move in response to environmental cues. In dense vegetation plants detect neighbours through far-red light perception with their leaf tip. They respond remotely, with asymmetrical growth between the abaxial and adaxial sides of the leafstalk, the petiole. This results in upward movement that brings the leaf blades into better lit zones of the canopy. The plant hormone auxin is required for this response, but it is not understood how non-differential leaf tip-derived auxin can remotely regulate movement. Here we show that remote light signalling promotes auxin accumulation in the abaxial petiole by reinforcing an intrinsic auxin transport directionality. In the petiole, auxin elicits a response of both auxin as well as a second growth promoter; gibberellin. We show that this dual regulation is necessary for hyponastic leaf movement in response to light. Our results reveal how plants can spatially relay information about neighbour proximity from their sensory leaf tips to the petiole base, thus driving adaptive growth.
Does education affect consumers' attitudes toward genetically modified foods? Evidence from China's two rounds of education reforms
Authors: Zhou Yexin , Chen Siwei , Wang Tianyu , Cui Qi 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThis study analyzes the causal effect of education on consumers' cognition and attitudes toward genetically modified (GM) foods.Design/methodology/approachThe authors propose an analytical framework to clarify the role of education levels and education content in the formation of attitudes toward GM foods and utilize education reforms in China as natural experiments to test the theoretical predictions empirically. For education levels, the authors use Compulsory Education Law's implementation to construct the instrument variable. For education content, the authors utilize the revision of the biology textbook in the Eighth Curriculum Reform to implement staggered difference-in-difference estimation. The authors use two national household surveys, the China Genuine Progress indicator Survey (CGPiS) and the China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) of 2017, combined with provincial-level data of education reforms.FindingsThe education level, instrumented by the Compulsory Education Law's implementation, has an insignificant effect on consumers' cognition and attitudes toward GM foods, whereas the acquisition of formal education on genetic science, introduced by the Eighth Curriculum Reform, has a statistically significant and positive influence.Originality/valueThis is the first study to investigate the causal effects of education level and content on consumers' cognition and attitude toward GM foods using national representative data. It is also the first to evaluate the long-term effects of the biology textbook reform in China. The findings help open the black box of how education shapes people's preferences and attitudes and highlight the significance of formal biology education in formulating consumers' willingness to accept GM foods.
Personality traits and organizational leaders' communication practices in the United States: perspectives of leaders and followers
Authors: Lee Yeunjae 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThis study aims to examine the relationship between leaders' personality traits and their internal communication practices from the leaders' and the followers' perspectives. The effectiveness of leader communication on the followers' perceived relational quality with their organization is also tested.Design/methodology/approachTwo survey studies in the United States were conducted focusing on leaders' and followers' perspectives on communication practices, respectively.FindingsResults of Study 1 showed that leaders' self-reported extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, emotional stability and openness to experience are all significantly and positively associated with their symmetrical and transparent communication practices. From the followers' perspective (Study 2), extraversion and agreeableness positively influenced symmetrical leader communication, while agreeableness and conscientiousness were positively related to transparent leader communication. Both symmetrical and transparent leader communication enhanced the followers' perceived relationship quality with their organization.Originality/valueThe current study is among the first attempts to incorporate the trait theory of leadership in understanding organizational leaders' effective and ethical communication practices with their followers.
Does gold–platinum price ratio predict stock returns? International evidence
Authors: Xu Dezhong , Li Bin , Singh Tarlok 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between gold–platinum price ratio (GP) and stock returns in international stock markets. The study addresses three empirical questions: (1) Does GP have robust predictive power in international stock markets? (2) Does GP outperform other macroeconomic variables in international stock markets? (3) What is the relationship between GP and stock market returns during economic recessions?Design/methodology/approachThe study mainly uses OLS regressions to perform empirical tests for a comprehensive set of 17 advanced international stock markets and overall world market. The monthly data is used for the period January 1978 to July 2019, 499 observations for each market.FindingsThe study finds that the first-difference of GP (ΔGP), not the initial-level of GP, has strong predictive power for stock returns, both in short- and long-time horizons. The results remain robust after controlling for a number of macroeconomic predictors. The out-of-sample test results are significant, confirming the robustness of the predictive power of ΔGP.Originality/valueThis study is the first to examine the ability of the ΔGP to predict stock returns, and provide novel evidence on the relationship between ΔGP and international stock markets. The study draws on behavioral finance theory, specifically the myopic loss aversion, the herd effect and the limited attention theory, to explain the predictability of stock returns in international stock markets.
Data analytics capability and servitization: the moderated mediation role of bricolage and innovation orientation
Authors: Chen Meng , Pu Xiaodie , Zhang Mengru , Cai Zhao , Chong Alain Yee-Loong , Tan Kim Hua 
Published: February 2022

PurposeDespite the potential influence of data analytics capability on servitization, the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of this influence remains unclear. This study aims to explore how data analytics capability affects servitization by examining the mediation effect of bricolage and the conditional role of innovation orientation.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs the moderated mediation method to examine the proposed research model with archival data and multiple-respondent surveys from 1,206 top managers of 402 manufacturing firms in the Yangtze River Delta area in China.FindingsBricolage partially mediates the positive relationship between data analytics capability and servitization, and innovation orientation positively moderates this effect.Practical implicationsManufacturers can leverage bricolage to materialize data analytics capability for servitization. Manufacturers should also pursue an innovation orientation to fully glean the benefits of bricolage in transforming data analytics capability into servitization.Originality/valueThis study opens the black box of how data analytics capability affects servitization by revealing the underlying mechanism of bricolage and the boundary condition role of innovation orientation for this mechanism. It offers valuable insights for practitioners to leverage data analytics to improve servitization through developing bricolage and cultivating a culture of innovation orientation.
Barriers to sustainable agribusiness: a systematic review and conceptual framework
Authors: Brenya Robert , Akomea-Frimpong Isaac , Ofosu Deborah , Adeabah David 
Published: February 2022

PurposeAs global concerns for sustainability have gained traction in all sectors of every economy including agribusiness, the need to investigate the critical barriers that could hamper this novelty has also risen. In that regard, this study presents a comprehensive overview of the dominant barriers encountered by agribusinesses to ensure long-term success through the lenses of a literature review.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a systematic literature review (SLR) of 43 relevant articles. The study applies content analysis to identify and analyze the selected articles. The conceptual framework underlines the three principal barriers to sustainable agribusinesses.FindingsThe results from the SLR demonstrates that inadequate financial support, excessive post-harvest loss, gender inequality, non-climate-smart policies and weak institutional controls constitute the major challenges to the sustainability of agribusinesses.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited in scope to barriers to the sustainability of agribusiness only not the broad spectrum of the concept of agriculture.Originality/valueThis study's uniqueness is twofold. First, it provides a checklist for practice with the goal of addressing problems that hamper the sustainability of agribusinesses. Second, the findings and research gaps in this study are important to support future studies.
Combination forecasting using multiple attribute decision making in tourism demand
Authors: Hu Yi-Chung 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
This study aims to address three important issues of combination forecasting in the tourism context: reducing the restrictions arising from requirements related to the statistical properties of the available data, assessing the weights of single models and considering nonlinear relationships among combinations of single-model forecasts.

Design Methodology Approach
A three-stage multiple-attribute decision-making (MADM)-based methodological framework was proposed. Single-model forecasts were generated by grey prediction models for the first stage. Vlsekriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje was adopted to develop a weighting scheme in the second stage, and the Choquet integral was used to combine forecasts nonlinearly in the third stage.

Findings
The empirical results for inbound tourism in Taiwan showed that the proposed method can significantly improve accuracy to a greater extent than other combination methods. Along with scenario forecasting, a good forecasting practice can be further provided by estimating ex-ante forecasts post-COVID-19.

Practical Implications
The private and public sectors in economies with high tourism dependency can benefit from the proposed method by using the forecasts to help them formulate tourism strategies.

Originality Value
This study contributed to presenting a MADM-based framework that advances the development of a more accurate combination method for tourism forecasting.
Behavioural adjustments in the social associations of a precocial shorebird mediate the costs and benefits of grouping decisions
Authors: Wilde Luke R. , Swift Rose J. , Senner Nathan R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Animals weigh multiple costs and benefits when making grouping decisions. The cost‐avoidance grouping framework proposes that group density, information quality and risk affect an individual’s preference for con or heterospecific groups. However, this assumes the cost–benefit balance of a particular grouping is constant spatiotemporally, which may not always be true. Investigating how spatiotemporal context influences grouping choices is therefore key to understanding how animals contend with changing conditions.

Changes in body size during development lead to variable conditions for individuals over short time‐scales that can influence their ecological interactions. Hudsonian godwits Limosa haemastica, for instance, form a protective nesting association with a major predator of young godwit chicks, colonial short‐billed gulls Larus brachyrhynchus. Godwit broods may avoid areas of higher gull densities when chicks are susceptible to gull predation but likely experience higher risk from alternative predators as a result. Associating with conspecifics could allow godwits to buffer these costs but requires enough other broods with whom to group.

To determine how age‐dependent predation risk and conspecific density influence godwit grouping behaviours, we first quantified the time‐dependent effects of con‐ and heterospecific interactions on the mortality risk for godwit chicks throughout development. We then determined how godwit density and chick age affected their associations with con‐ and heterospecific.

We found that younger godwit chicks' survival improved with closer association with conspecifics, earlier hatch dates and lower gull densities, whereas older chicks survived better with earlier hatch dates, though this effect was less clear. Concomitantly, godwit broods avoided gulls early in development and when godwit densities were high but maintained loose associations with conspecifics throughout development.

We identified how individuals can optimally shift with whom they group according to risks that vary spatially and temporally. Investigating the effects of a species' ecological interactions across spatiotemporal contexts in this way can shed light on how animals adjust their associations according to the costs and benefits of each association.
Long‐term recovery of above‐ and below‐ground interactions in restored grasslands after topsoil removal and seed addition
Authors: Resch Monika Carol , Schütz Martin , Ochoa‐Hueso Raúl , Buchmann Nina , Frey Beat , Graf Ulrich , van der Putten Wim H. , Zimmermann Stephan , Risch Anita C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Evaluation of restoration activities is indispensable to assess the extent to which targets have been reached. Usually, the main goal of ecological restoration is to restore biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, but validation is often based on a single indicator, which may or may not cope with whole‐ecosystem dynamics. Network analyses are, however, powerful tools, allowing to examine both the recovery of various biotic and abiotic properties and the integrated response at community and ecosystem level.

We used restoration sites where topsoil was removed from former intensively managed grassland and seeds were added. These sites were between 3 and 32 years old. We assessed how plants, soil biota, soil properties and correlation‐based interactions between biotic communities and their abiotic environment developed over time and compared the results with (i) intensively managed (not restored), and (ii) well‐preserved targeted semi‐natural grasslands.

Plant, nematode, fungal and prokaryotic diversity and community structures of the restored grasslands revealed clear successional patterns and followed similar trajectories towards targeted semi‐natural grasslands. All biotic communities reached targeted diversity levels no later than 18 years post‐restoration.

Ecological networks of intensively managed and short‐term (~4 years) restored grasslands were less tightly connected compared to those found in mid‐ and long‐term (~18–30 years) restored and target grasslands. Restoration specifically enhanced interactions among biotic communities, but reduced interactions between biotic communities and their abiotic environment as well as interactions among abiotic properties in the short‐ and mid‐term.

Synthesis and applications: Overall, our study demonstrated that topsoil removal and seed addition were successful in restoring diverse, tightly coupled and well‐connected biotic communities above‐ and below‐ground similar to those found in the semi‐natural grasslands that were restoration targets. Network analyses proved to be powerful in examining the long‐term re‐establishment of functionally connected biotic communities in restored ecosystems. Thus, we provide an approach to holistically assess restoration activities by notably considering the complexity of ecosystems, much in contrast to most traditional approaches.
Intraspecific trait variation in alpine plants relates to their elevational distribution
Authors: Rixen Christian , Wipf Sonja , Rumpf Sabine B. , Giejsztowt Justyna , Millen Jules , Morgan John W. , Nicotra Adrienne B. , Venn Susanna , Zong Shengwei , Dickinson Katharine J. M. , Freschet Grégoire T. , Kurzböck Claudia , Li Jin , Pan Hongli , Pfund Beat , Quaglia Elena , Su Xu , Wang Wei , Wang Xiangtao , Yin Hang , Deslippe Julie R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Climate warming is shifting the distributions of mountain plant species to higher elevations. Cold‐adapted plant species are under increasing pressure from novel competitors that are encroaching from lower elevations. Plant capacity to adjust to these pressures may be measurable as variation in trait values within a species. In particular, the strength and patterns of intraspecific trait variation along abiotic and biotic gradients can inform us whether and how species can adjust their anatomy and morphology to persist in a changing environment.

Here, we tested whether species specialized to high elevations or with narrow elevational ranges show more conservative (i.e. less variable) trait responses across their elevational distribution, or in response to neighbours, than species from lower elevations or with wider elevational ranges. We did so by studying intraspecific trait variation of 66 species along 40 elevational gradients in four countries in both hemispheres. As an indication of potential neighbour interactions that could drive trait variation, we also analysed plant species’ height ratio, its height relative to its nearest neighbour.

Variation in alpine plant trait values over elevation differed depending on a species’ median elevation and the breadth of its elevational range, with species with lower median elevations and larger elevational range sizes showing greater trait variation, i.e. a steeper slope in trait values, over their elevational distributions. These effects were evidenced by significant interactions between species’ elevation and their elevational preference or range for several traits: vegetative height, generative height, specific leaf area and patch area. The height ratio of focal alpine species and their neighbours decreased in the lower part of their distribution because neighbours became relatively taller at lower elevations. In contrast, species with lower elevational optima maintained a similar height ratio with neighbours throughout their range.

Synthesis. We provide evidence that species from lower elevations and those with larger range sizes show greater intraspecific trait variation, which may indicate a greater ability to respond to environmental changes. Also, larger trait variation of species from lower elevations may indicate stronger competitive ability of upslope shifting species, posing one further threat to species from higher ranges.
Circulating in difference: performances of publicity on and beyond a Yangon train
Authors: Edwards Michael 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAmid Myanmar's fraught democratic transition, some local Pentecostals took up new opportunities to publicly evangelize to Buddhists, efforts that were met mostly with indifference. This article explores the role of indifference in mediating encounters across difference. Drawing together scholarship on recognition and sincerity, it argues that these evangelists were occupied not just with the challenges of hailing an audience in a tentatively more open public sphere, albeit one shot through with heightened tension around religious belonging; they were also concerned with what I call the performance of publicity: the ways in which publicity is itself publicized, celebrated, circulated, and received – especially online.
Exploring likelihood ratios assigned for siblings of the true mixture contributor as an alternate contributor
Authors: Kelly Hannah , Coble Michael , Kruijver Maarten , Wivell Richard , Bright Jo‐Anne 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRelatives tend to have more DNA in common than unrelated people. The closer the biological relationship, the higher the chance of alleles being identical by descent between the individuals. Therefore, when considering a mixed DNA profile, close relatives of the true contributor may not always be excluded as a possible contributor to a mixture due to allele sharing. In these situations, it might be more appropriate under the alternate proposition to consider that the DNA could have originated from a relative of the person of interest rather than an unrelated individual. The probabilistic genotyping software STRmix™ automatically provides LRs considering close biological relatives as alternate sources of the DNA. In this paper, we investigate the support for siblings of the true contributor to a mixture (who are not present in the mixture themselves). We interpret the mixtures and assign LRs using STRmix™ and investigate whether the resulting LRs could be used to indicate whether the true contributor could be a sibling of the POI. Most siblings will have one or more alleles that are not observed in the mixture profile. Support for siblings to have contributed can only occur when allelic dropout is a possibility at the loci where the siblings have alleles that are not observed in the profile. In these data, that was only observed in components with assigned template of 588 rfu or less.