bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caregivers of patients with cancer: perceived stress, quality of life and immune function
Authors: Kim Yoonjoo , Chung Misook L , Lee Hyangkyu 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesTo examine the mediating effect of quality of life (QoL) on the relationship between perceived stress and immune function in Korean family caregivers of patients with cancer.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 89 family caregivers of patients with cancer completed perceived stress and QoL questionnaires. Immune function was assessed using two proinflammatory biomarkers, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Multiple parallel mediator regression was conducted using four mediators (burden, lifestyle disruption, positive adaptation and financial concern) representing the subscales of QoL related to caregiving.ResultsPsychological (indirect effect (ab)=−0.52, 95% CI −1.25 to −0.01) and physical (ab=−0.44, 95% CI −1.07 to −0.05) stress had a significant indirect effect on IL-6 levels attributed to lifestyle disruption associated with caregiving. Psychological (ab=−0.97, 95% CI −2.37 to −0.11) and physical (ab=−1.10, 95% CI −2.87 to −0.08) stress also had a significant indirect effect on TNF-α as a result of financial concerns owing to caregiving. Other indirect effects of psychological/physical stress on inflammation were not significant.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that the effects of perceived psychological and physical stress on IL-6 and TNF-α levels were mediated by the caregiver’s QoL, especially lifestyle disruption and financial concerns. Stress management and improvement of caregivers’ QoL related to lifestyle disruption and financial issues should be considered to reduce the negative effects of caregiving on immune function.
Non-fatal injury data: characteristics to consider for surveillance and research
Authors: Carmichael Andrea E. , Ballesteros Michael F. , Qualters Judith R. , Mack Karin A. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAll data systems used for non-fatal injury surveillance and research have strengths and limitations that influence their utility in understanding non-fatal injury burden. The objective of this paper was to compare characteristics of major data systems that capture non-fatal injuries in the USA.MethodsBy applying specific inclusion criteria (eg, non-fatal and non-occupational) to well-referenced injury data systems, we created a list of commonly used non-fatal injury data systems for this study. Data system characteristics were compiled for 2018: institutional support, years of data available, access, format, sample, sampling method, injury definition/coding, geographical representation, demographic variables, timeliness (lag) and further considerations for analysis.ResultsEighteen data systems ultimately fit the inclusion criteria. Most data systems were supported by a federal institution, produced national estimates and were available starting in 1999 or earlier. Data source and injury case coding varied between the data systems. Redesigns of sampling frameworks and the use of International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification/International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification coding for some data systems can make longitudinal analyses complicated for injury surveillance and research. Few data systems could produce state-level estimates.ConclusionThoughtful consideration of strengths and limitations should be exercised when selecting a data system to answer injury-related research questions. Comparisons between estimates of various data systems should be interpreted with caution, given fundamental system differences in purpose and population capture. This research provides the scientific community with an updated starting point to assist in matching the data system to surveillance and research questions and can improve the efficiency and quality of injury analyses.
Passive smoking in childhood and adulthood and risk of rheumatoid arthritis in women: results from the French E3N cohort study
Authors: Nguyen Yann , Salliot Carine , Gelot Amandine , Mariette Xavier , Boutron-Ruault Marie-Christine , Seror Raphaele 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveThe association between passive smoking exposure in childhood or in adulthood, and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been incompletely investigated. We aimed to assess the relationship between exposure to passive smoking and the risk of incident RA in a French prospective cohort of healthy women.MethodsThe E3N Study (Etude Epidémiologique auprès des femmes de la Mutuelle générale de l’Education Nationale) is a French prospective cohort of women included in 1990. Exposures to passive smoking were assessed using self-reported questionnaires. RA cases were self-reported and subsequently validated. Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for age and for potential confounders were used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs for incident RA.ResultsAmong 79 806 women, 698 incident cases of RA were identified; 10 810 (13.5%) women were exposed to passive smoking in childhood, and 42 807 (53.6%) in adulthood. Median age at inclusion was 47.8 years. Passive smoking in childhood and in adulthood was associated with RA risk in all models (HRs (95% CIs) 1.24 (1.01 to 1.51) and 1.19 (1.02 to 1.40), respectively). The absolute risk of RA among never smokers with exposure to passive smoking in childhood and/or adulthood (47.6/100 000 person-years) was close to the risk of ever smokers with no passive smoking exposure (47.2/100 000 person-years), while it was highest in ever smokers also exposed to passive smoking (53.7/100 000 person-years).ConclusionExposure to passive smoking in childhood and/or adulthood increases the risk of RA by the same order than active smoking. Such exposure should be suppressed, especially in individuals at risk of RA.
Respiratory and allergic outcomes among 5-year-old children exposed to pesticides
Authors: Islam Jessica Y , Hoppin Jane , Mora Ana M , Soto-Martinez Manuel E , Gamboa Leonel Córdoba , Castañeda Jorge Ernesto Peñaloza , Reich Brian , Lindh Christian , van Wendel de Joode Berna 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundLittle is known about the effects of pesticides on children’s respiratory and allergic outcomes. We evaluated associations of prenatal and current pesticide exposures with respiratory and allergic outcomes in children from the Infants’ Environmental Health Study in Costa Rica.MethodsAmong 5-year-old children (n=303), we measured prenatal and current specific gravity-corrected urinary metabolite concentrations of insecticides (chlorpyrifos, pyrethroids), fungicides (mancozeb, pyrimethanil, thiabendazole) and 2,4-D. We collected information from caregivers on respiratory (ever doctor-diagnosed asthma and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), wheeze and cough during last 12 months) and allergic (nasal allergies, itchy rash, ever eczema) outcomes. We fitted separate multivariable logistic regression models for high (≥75th percentile (P75)) vs low (<P75) metabolite concentrations with respiratory and allergic outcomes. We also ran models including metabolite concentrations as continuous exposure variables.ResultsChildren’s respiratory outcomes were common (39% cough, 20% wheeze, 12% asthma, 5% LRTI). High current pyrethroid metabolite concentrations (∑pyrethroids) were associated with wheeze (OR=2.37, 95% CI 1.28 to 4.34), itchy rash (OR=2.74, 95% CI 1.33 to 5.60), doctor-diagnosed asthma and LRTI. High current ethylene thiourea (ETU) (specific metabolite of mancozeb) was somewhat associated with LRTI (OR=2.09, 95% CI 0.68 to 6.02). We obtained similar results when modelling ∑pyrethroids and ETU as continuous variables. We saw inconsistent or null associations for other pesticide exposures and health outcomes.ConclusionsCurrent pyrethroid exposure may affect children’s respiratory and allergic health at 5 years of age. Current mancozeb exposure might contribute to LRTI. These findings are important as pyrethroids are broadly used in home environments and agriculture and mancozeb in agriculture.
Dynamic Quantization Range Control for Analog-in-Memory Neural Networks Acceleration
Authors: Laubeuf Nathan , Doevenspeck Jonas , Papistas Ioannis A. , Caselli Michele , Cosemans Stefan , Vrancx Peter , Bhattacharjee Debjyoti , Mallik Arindam , Debacker Peter , Verkest Diederik , Catthoor Francky , Lauwereins Rudy 
Published: February 2022

Analog in Memory Computing (AiMC)
based neural network acceleration is a promising solution to increase the energy efficiency of deep neural networks deployment. However, the quantization requirements of these analog systems are not compatible with state-of-the-art neural network quantization techniques. Indeed, while the quantization of the weights and activations is considered by modern deep neural network quantization techniques, AiMC accelerators also impose the quantization of each
Matrix Vector Multiplication (MVM)
result. In most demonstrated AiMC implementations, the quantization range of MVM results is considered a fixed parameter of the accelerator. This work demonstrates that dynamic control over this quantization range is possible but also desirable for analog neural networks acceleration. An AiMC compatible quantization flow coupled with a hardware aware quantization range driving technique is introduced to fully exploit these dynamic ranges. Using CIFAR-10 and ImageNet as benchmarks, the proposed solution results in networks that are both more accurate and more robust to the inherent vulnerability of analog circuits than fixed quantization range based approaches.
Determination of Total Saccharide Content in Auricularia auricula Based on Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Yang Gen , Li Shanlei , Ji Shixian , Wang Yunjie , Wang Jinmei , Ji Liqiang , Li Changqin 
Published: February 2022

In this paper, the content of total saccharide in Auricularia auricula from different regions was determined. Then, near-infrared (NIR) technology was used to collect the spectral information of the samples. The sample data were divided into calibration set and validation set. The best quantitative model of the total saccharide content of A. auricula was established by selecting the parameters such as spectral range, pretreatment method, and partial least square method (PLS) main factor number of the calibration set data. The validation set data were used to verify the reliability of this model. In this model, the original spectrum was used to preprocess by standard normal variate (SNV) + second derivative (SD) to eliminate the scattering effect caused by uneven particle distribution and the influence of noise on spectral data. The spectrum range was 4000–10000 cm−1, and the final choice of PLS main factor number was 11. Under this condition, the calibration set Rc2 of the model was 0.9092, the root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) was 1.405, the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) was 1.507, and the residual predictive deviation (RPD) was 3.32. The validation samples were used to test the model, and the result showed that Rv2 = 0.9048 of the validation set. The result proved that the predicted value of the validation samples had a good linear relationship with the measured value. According to the T-test of the two sets of data in the validation set, the difference between the predicted value and the chemical value was not significant (

P

≥ 0.05). The results were in line with the expected objectives. The established NIR quantitative model can be used to predict the total saccharide content of the black fungus sample to be tested.
Overcoming Depression: Stories of Terminated Employees amidst COVID-19
Authors: Adlit Marlon F. , Ida Irish Mae A. 
Published: February 2022

COVID-19 virus caused drastic changes in people's lives, especially in terms of employment. Employees were greatly impacted by this pandemic, as there were terminated from their jobs. This study investigated how depression affects terminated workers and how they manage it throughout the pandemic.
A qualitative design was employed to perform this study. A structured type of interview was conducted on five samples using an online platform. To establish the number of samples required for the investigation, convenience sampling was used. The data was analyzed in-depth using a narrative technique, which resulted in the study's findings and conclusions. Five (5) terminated employees such as professional photographer, construction worker, hairdresser, driver, and varsity coach were among the participants.
The participants in this study were found to experience depression due to family financial issues caused by the loss of a job during the pandemic. Participants reported feelings of sadness and loneliness, as well as inability to think, low self-esteem, insomnia and hypersomnia, a lack of ambition to accomplish anything, and suicidal or negative thoughts. Accordingly, through their families' emotional support, the participants have been able to overcome their depression.
Carotid Plaque Composition and Prediction of Incident Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: van der Toorn Janine E. , Bos Daniel , Ikram M. Kamran , Verwoert Germaine C. , van der Lugt Aad , Ikram M. Arfan , Vernooij Meike W. , Kavousi Maryam 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Whether information on carotid plaque composition contributes to prediction of incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains to be investigated. We determined the sex-specific added value of carotid plaque components for predicting incident ASCVD events, beyond traditional cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods:

Between 2007 and 2012, participants from the population-based Rotterdam Study with asymptomatic carotid wall thickening >2.5 mm on ultrasonography were invited for carotid magnetic resonance imaging. Among 1349 participants (mean age: 72 years [SD±9.3], 49.5% women) without cardiovascular disease, we assessed plaque thickness, luminal stenosis (>30%), presence of intraplaque hemorrhage, lipid-rich necrotic core, and calcification. Follow-up for ASCVD was complete until January 1, 2015. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we fitted sex-specific prediction models including traditional cardiovascular risk factors (base model). We extended the base model by single and simultaneous additions of plaque characteristics and calculated improvement of model performance by the
C
statistics.

Results:

During a median follow-up of 4.8 years, 60 men and 48 women developed ASCVD. In women, presence of intraplaque hemorrhage was associated with incident ASCVD (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.37 [95% CI, 1.81–6.25]). The
C
statistic (95% CI) improved from 0.73 (0.66–0.79) to 0.76 (0.70–0.83) after single addition of intraplaque hemorrhage to the base model. Simultaneous addition of plaque components, plaque thickness, and stenosis did not change the results. In men, only carotid stenosis was statistically significantly associated with incident ASCVD (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.75 [95% CI, 1.00–3.08]); yet, the association diminished after the addition of other plaque characteristics, and no improvements were observed in
C
statistics.

Conclusions:
Presence of intraplaque hemorrhage contributes to the prediction of incident ASCVD in women, beyond traditional cardiovascular risk factors, other plaque components, plaque size, and stenosis.
Impact of Endoluminal Flow Diverter Number on Aneurysm Treatment Outcomes: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Vranic Justin E. , Harker Pablo , Stapleton Christopher J. , Regenhardt Robert W. , Alotaibi Naif M. , Leslie‐Mazwi Thabele M. , Gupta Rajiv , Tan Can Ozan , Koch Matthew J. , Dmytriw Adam A. , Raymond Scott B. , Mascitelli Justin R. , Patterson T. Tyler , Seinfeld Joshua , White Andrew , Case David , Roark Christopher , Gandhi Chirag D. , Al‐Mufti Fawaz , Cooper Jared , Matouk Charles , Sujijantarat Nanthiya , Devia Diego A. , Ocampo‐Navia Maria I. , Villamizar‐Torres Daniel E. , Puentes Juan C. , Patel Aman B. 
Published: February 2022

Background
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact multiple overlapping flow‐diverting stents have on aneurysm occlusion rates and iatrogenic complications relative to single flow‐diverting stents.

Methods
A retrospective review of a multicenter aneurysm database from 2012 to 2020 was performed to identify saccular aneurysms treated initially with single and multiple flow‐diverting stents with ≥12‐month angiographic and clinical follow‐up. Aneurysm occlusion rates as a function of stent number served as a primary outcome measure with iatrogenic complications serving as a secondary outcome measure.

Results

A total of 250 patients were initially treated with a single Pipeline embolization device (PED), and 48 patients were initially treated with multiple PEDs. There was no significant difference in aneurysm size, morphology, or dual‐antiplatelet therapy regimen used between groups. There was no significant difference in the aneurysm occlusion (single, 83.6%, versus multiple, 83.4%;
P
=0.65) or retreatment rates (single, 8.0%, versus multiple, 10.4%;
P
=0.58) between groups. There was no significant difference in the number of procedure‐related complications between groups (single, 8.0%, versus multiple, 4.2%;
P
=0.42), with 0.8% of patients treated with a single PED and 2.1% of patients treated with multiple PEDs experiencing a procedure‐related ischemic stroke.

Conclusions
There is no significant difference in overall aneurysm occlusion rates between aneurysms treated initially with single versus multiple overlapping PEDs nor are there significant differences in procedure‐related complications. Single PED flow diversion may be preferred whenever possible, with multiple PED constructs reserved for extenuating clinical circumstances as may be encountered with giant aneurysms.
Transcranial Doppler After Endovascular Treatment to Evaluate Collateral Status and Outcomes in Patients With Large‐Vessel Occlusion
Authors: Bavarsad Shahripour Reza , Azarpazhooh Mahmoud Reza , Akhuanzada Humayon , Tarpley Jason W. , Borhani‐Haghighi Afshin , Agrawal Kunal , Modir Royya , Meyer Brett , Hemmen Thomas M , Meyer Dawn 
Published: February 2022

Background
Recent advances in endovascular therapy (EVT) have led to significant improvements in functional outcomes of patients with stroke. However, early neurological deterioration after EVT has remained a concerning issue. This cohort study was designed to assess the feasibility of early transcranial Doppler (TCD) after EVT and to identify associations between TCD findings and early neurological deterioration.

Methods
Between October 16, 2020, and March 28, 2021, we recruited 20 patients with acute ischemic stroke with large‐vessel occlusion who underwent EVT. Five patients were excluded because of a poor temporal window; 2 had an unsuccessful intervention. Using TCD, we measured peak systolic velocity, end‐diastolic velocity, mean flow velocity, and pulsatility index for all selected arteries before and within 60 minutes after EVT. We also examined the association between active leptomeningeal collateral flow after EVT and early neurological deterioration. Patients were followed for 3 months, and disability was measured using the modified Rankin scale.

Results
Two patients had early neurological deterioration with elevated blood pressure and active leptomeningeal flow despite successful EVT. Most patients with poststroke disability (modified Rankin scale>2) had either flow diversion or active leptomeningeal collateral flow in the presence of elevated blood pressure (≥170/93 mm Hg). In cases without early neurological deterioration and in those with a modified Rankin scale<2, we did not observe any flow diversion or active leptomeningeal collateral. They also had a blood pressure of ≤155/85 mm Hg after EVT. All patients with hemorrhagic transformation had evidence of hyperemia on TCD.

Conclusions
Early TCD is a feasible and safe approach to evaluate cerebral blood flow before and after EVT and identify those at risk of early neurological deterioration. For the next phase of this study, we plan to manage blood pressures based on individualized cerebral flow and the presence of active collateral arteries after EVT.
Ensemble Making Few-Shot Learning Stronger
Authors: Lin Qiang , Liu Yongbin , Wen Wen , Tao Zhihua , Ouyang Chunping , Wan Yaping 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Few-shot learning has been proposed and rapidly emerging as a viable means for completing various tasks. Many few-shot models have been widely used for relation learning tasks. However, each of these models has a shortage of capturing a certain aspect of semantic features, for example, CNN on long-range dependencies part, Transformer on local features. It is difficult for a single model to adapt to various relation learning, which results in a high variance problem. Ensemble strategy could be competitive in improving the accuracy of few-shot relation extraction and mitigating high variance risks. This paper explores an ensemble approach to reduce the variance and introduces fine-tuning and feature attention strategies to calibrate relation-level features. Results on several few-shot relation learning tasks show that our model significantly outperforms the previous state-of-the-art models.
The Poetic Way of Thinking
Authors: Ziarek Krzysztof 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Heidegger repeatedly performs the encounter of thinking and poetry, explicitly for the sake of inaugurating a non-metaphysical way of thinking. This transformed thinking is to be poetic and non-conceptual, eschewing the comfort of transparent meaning, the grasping power of concepts, the presentational force of images, or the self-evident correctness of propositional statements. The need for such a non-metaphysical thinking arises historically, at the endpoint of the epoch of the completion of metaphysics, when it comes to roost in the Gestell, the technological essencing of being, which pervades and (over)powers all that is in being: all beings, entities and occurrences. Poetic thinking responds to the modern drive to maximum availablity and dispose-ability of being and beings, freeing up the possibility of a path alternative to the dominion of calculative thought and its technological metrics.
Unpacking Joint Attributions of Cities and Nation States as Actors in Global Affairs
Authors: Buhmann Alexander 
Published: February 2022

Summary
Public diplomacy efforts of nation states and cities within these states inevitably develop alongside another, giving rise to joint attributions regarding these entities as actors in global affairs, though also potentially intensifying perceptions of their independent and even contradictory roles in international diplomacy. Variations in attributions of cities and states as more or less conjoint actors can be expected to affect both the visibility of key actors and the formation of attitudes and behaviours towards these actors in international affairs. In this essay I explore how and in what dimensions such variations can be expected to occur, applying recent thinking on the constitution of social actors to this emerging debate in public and city diplomacy scholarship and proposing a conceptual framework that distinguishes joint ‘selfhood’ and ‘actorhood’ as key dimensions of joint city/state attributions. The essay includes a discussion of the implications of this conceptualisation for public and city diplomacy.