bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncovering Public Perceptions of Older Adults’ Vaccines in Canada: A Study of Online Discussions from National Media Sources
Authors: Lynch Meghan , Thomas Maddi , Allin Sara 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study explored how a subsection of Canadians perceive older adults’ vaccines through a qualitative analysis of comments posted in response to national online news articles. We used reflexive thematic analysis to analyse 147 comments from 31 news article comments sections published between 2015 and 2020 from five different national online news sources (CBC, National Post, Global News, Globe & Mail, and Huffington Post Canada) that focused on three older adults’ diseases and vaccines: influenza, pneumococcal pneumonia, and herpes-zoster. Three themes encompassed the similarities and differences in how these three diseases were discussed: (1) the importance of personal experiences on stated stance in vaccine uptake or refusal, (2) questioning vaccine research and recommendations, and (3) criticisms of the government’s unequal vaccine opportunities across different Canadian provinces. Our findings identified that perceptions regarding older adult vaccination were dependent on the vaccine type, and, therefore, we make suggestions for future researchers to build on our findings, particularly the need not to treat the research subject of “older adults’ vaccines” as one entity. Gaining a better understanding of how older adults’ vaccines are perceived in Canada will enable public health professionals to develop effective communication strategies that should ultimately improve vaccination rates for older adults.
A Tale of Two Houses: Opera Houses in Cairo and Cape Town
Authors: Somma Donato 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article considers the parallel histories of the opera houses in Cairo, Egypt and Cape Town, South Africa. Their respective stories reflect common and divergent experiences of the colonial and postcolonial and the emergent national and nationalist identities at the terminal cities of Africa. Considered separately from the content performed on their stages, the article traces the significance of the buildings as part of their cities. In each city the opera house has been destroyed and rebuilt, under new regimes with new purposes. The discursive value of opera houses is considered more broadly, with evidence presented for the houses as functionaries of the ‘operatic state’ or impresarialist institutions. Who is welcomed in and courted at the opera house is investigated as part of the phenomenon of a nominally public space with conventionalised issues of access.
Quality of energy intake in Malaysian adolescents: prevalence, characteristics, determinants and impact of implausible reporters
Authors: Zulfarina Mohamed S , Sharif Razinah , Sharkawi Ahmad Mohd , Mokhtar Sabarul Afian , Shuid Ahmad Nazrun , Naina-Mohamed Isa 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjective:Misreporting of energy intake (EI) in nutritional epidemiology is common and even severe among adolescents. Thus, the current study aims to examine the presence, bias and impact introduced by implausible reporters.Design:Cross-sectional.Setting:Central and eastern regions of Peninsular Malaysia.Participants:A stratified random sampling was employed to select 917 secondary school-going adolescents (aged 15–17 years).Results:The prevalence of under-reporters was 17·4 %, while no over-reporters were identified. Under-reporters had higher body composition and lower dietary intakes (except for vitamin C, Cr and Fl) compared with plausible reporters (P< 0·05). Adolescents with overweight and obesity had a higher odds of under-reporting compared with under-/normal weight adolescents (P< 0·001). In model 3, the highest regression coefficient (R2= 0·404,P< 0·001) was obtained after adjusting for reporting status.Conclusions:Overweight and obese adolescents were more likely to under-report their food intake and consequently affect nutrient intakes estimates. Future analyses that include nutrient intake data should adjust for reporting status so that the impact of misreporting on study outcomes can be conceded and consequently improve the accuracy of dietary-related results.
Evaluating user experiences of SHaRON: an online CBT-based peer support platform
Authors: Browne Natasha L. , Carragher Nick O. , O’Toole Annette , Pimm John , Ryder Joanne , Thew Graham R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Online peer support platforms have been shown to provide a supportive space that can enhance social connectedness and personal empowerment. Some studies have analysed forum messages, showing that users describe a range of advantages, and some disadvantages to their use. However, the direct examination of users’ experiences of such platforms is rare and may be particularly informative for enhancing their helpfulness. This study aimed to understand users’ experiences of the Support, Hope and Recovery Online Network (SHaRON), an online cognitive behavioural therapy-based peer support platform for adults with mild to moderate anxiety or depression. Platform users (n = 88) completed a survey on their use of different platform features, feelings about using the platform, and overall experience. Responses were analysed descriptively and using thematic analysis. Results indicated that most features were generally well used, with the exception of private messaging. Many participants described feeling well supported and finding the information and resources helpful; the majority of recent users (81%) rated it as helpful overall. However, some participants described feeling uncomfortable about posting messages, and others did not find the platform helpful and gave suggestions for improvements. Around half had not used the platform in the past 3 months, for different reasons including feeling better or forgetting about it. Some described that simply knowing it was there was helpful, even without regular use. The findings highlight what is arguably a broader range of user experiences than observed in previous studies, which may have important implications for the enhancement of SHaRON and other platforms.

Key learning aims

(1)
To understand what an online peer support platform is and how this can be used to support users’ mental health.

(2)
To learn how users described their experience of the SHaRON platform.

(3)
To understand the benefits that online peer support may provide.

(4)
To consider what users found helpful and unhelpful, and how this might inform the further development of these platforms.
Comparing the effectiveness and predictors of cognitive behavioural therapy-enhanced between patients with various eating disorder diagnoses: a naturalistic study
Authors: Melisse Bernou , Dekker Jack , van den Berg Elske , de Jonge Margo , van Furth Eric F. , Peen Jaap , de Beurs Edwin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Cognitive behaviour therapy-enhanced (CBT-E) is an effective treatment for non-underweight patients with eating disorders. Its efficacy and effectiveness is investigated mostly among transdiagnostic samples and remains unknown for binge eating disorder. The aim of the present study was to assess several treatment outcome predictors and to compare effectiveness of CBT-E among adult out-patients with bulimia nervosa (n=370), binge eating disorder (n=113), and those with a restrictive food pattern diagnosed with other specified feeding and eating disorders (n=139). Effectiveness of CBT-E was assessed in routine clinical practice in a specialised eating disorders centre. Eating disorder pathology was measured with the EDEQ pre- and post-treatment, and at 20 weeks follow-up. Linear mixed model analyses with fixed effect were performed to compare treatment outcome among the eating disorder groups. Several predictors of treatment completion and outcome were examined with a regression analysis. No predictors for drop-out were found, except the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa. Eating disorder pathology decreased among all groups with effect sizes between 1.43 and 1.70 on the EDE-Q total score. There were no differences in remission rates between the three groups at end of treatment or at follow-up. Eating disorder severity at baseline affected treatment response. The results can be generalised to other specialised treatment centres. No subgroup of patients differentially benefited from CBT-E supporting the transdiagnostic perspective for the treatment of eating disorders. Longer-term follow-up data are necessary to measure persistence of treatment benefits.

Key learning aims

(1)
What is the effectiveness of CBT-E among patients suffering from binge eating disorder?

(2)
Does any subgroup of patients suffering from an eating disorder differentially benefit from CBT-E?

(3)
What factors predict treatment response?
A compact SWB MIMO antenna with 45° clock-wise square patch inclusions for polarization diversity applications
Authors: Agarwal Shobit , Sharma Ashwani , Zuazola Ignacio J. Garcia , Kumar Manoj 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a compact super wideband annular ring antenna using 45° clock-wise square patch inclusions for super high frequency and polarization diversity applications is proposed. The inclusions consist of a combination of squares and circles into one another in the inner area of a main annular ring radiator. The antenna uses a partial ground plane having a stair-type defected ground structure, is designed on an FR-4 substrate, and has a total size of 25 × 26 × 1.6 mm3 (0.17λ × 0.18λ). The design was fabricated and experimental results fairly agreed with simulations and resulted in an antenna with an operating frequency from 2.07 to 30 GHz; that is, a large fractional bandwidth of 174.2$\%$ with a bandwidth (BW) ratio of 14.5:1 and a high BW dimension ratio, BW per unit electrical length of 5693, and a measured peak gain of 8 dBi with an average gain of 5 dBi for the overall operating frequency. For the polarization diversity, a 4 × 4 multiple input-multiple output configuration is additionally presented, offering an effective isolation of ≥ 22.5 dB between ports and corroborated by measurements.
Impacts of Storm Surge Barriers on Drag, Mixing, and Exchange Flow in a Partially Mixed Estuary
Authors: Ralston David K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractStorm surge barriers are increasingly being considered as risk mitigation measures for coastal population centers. During non‐storm periods, permanent barrier infrastructure reduces the flow cross‐sectional area and affects tidal exchange. Effects of barrier structures on estuarine tidal and salinity dynamics have not been extensively examined, particularly for partially mixed estuaries. A nested, high‐resolution model is used to characterize impacts of a potential storm surge barrier near the mouth of the Hudson River estuary. Maximum tidal velocities through barrier openings are more than double those in the base case. Landward of the barrier, tidal amplitude decreases on average by about 6% due to increased drag. The drag coefficient with the barrier is about 5 times greater than the base case due primarily to form drag from flow separation at barrier structures rather than increased bottom friction. The form drag scales with barrier geometry similar to previous studies of flow around headlands. Tidal water levels are reduced particularly during spring tides, such that marsh inundation frequency is reduced up to 25%. Strong tidal velocities through barrier openings enhance salinity mixing locally, but overall mixing in the estuary decreases due to reduced tidal velocities. Correspondingly, stratification decreases near the barrier and increases landward in the estuary. The salinity intrusion length increases by 5%–15% depending on discharge due to the decreased mixing and increased exchange flow. Exchange flow increases near the barrier due reflux into the lower layer with the increased mixing, which has the potential to increase estuarine residence times.
An Advanced Discrete Fracture Methodology for Fast, Robust, and Accurate Simulation of Energy Production From Complex Fracture Networks
Authors: de Hoop S. , Voskov D. V. , Bertotti G. , Barnhoorn A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFracture networks are abundant in subsurface applications (e.g., geothermal energy production, CO2 sequestration). Fractured reservoirs often have a very complex structure, making modeling flow and transport in such networks slow and unstable. Consequently, this limits our ability to perform uncertainty quantification and increases development costs and environmental risks. This study provides an advanced methodology for simulation based on Discrete Fracture Model approach. The preprocessing framework results in a fully conformal, uniformly distributed grid for realistic 2D fracture networks at a required level of precision. The simplified geometry and topology of the resulting network are compared with input (i.e., unchanged) data to evaluate the preprocessing influence. The resulting mesh‐related parameters, such as volume distributions and orthogonality of control volume connections, are analyzed. Furthermore, changes in fluid‐flow response related to preprocessing are evaluated using a high‐enthalpy two‐phase flow geothermal simulator. The simplified topology directly improves meshing results and, consequently, the accuracy and efficiency of numerical simulation. The main novelty of this work is the introduction of an automatic preprocessing framework allowing us to simplify the fracture network down to required level of complexity and addition of a fracture aperture correction capable of handling heterogeneous aperture distributions, low connectivity fracture networks, and sealing fractures. The graph‐based framework is fully open‐source and explicitly resolves small‐angle intersections within the fracture network. A rigorous analysis of changes in the static and dynamic impact of the preprocessing algorithm demonstrates that explicit fracture representation can be computationally efficient, enabling their use in large‐scale uncertainty quantification studies.
Intense Energy Conversion Events at the Magnetopause Boundary Layer
Authors: Man Hengyan , Zhou Meng , Zhong Zhihong , Deng Xiaohua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates intense energy conversion events (IECEs) at the dayside magnetopause boundary layer (MBL) using high‐resolution data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) spacecraft. Most events were detected by MMS in a duration less than 0.5 s, corresponding to a thickness below one ion inertia length. About three‐quarters of the events occurred in local reconnecting current sheets. Interestingly, there are more electron‐only reconnections than standard reconnections. Most of the reconnection IECEs are within the exhaust of the primary reconnection and the Kelvin‐Helmholtz vortices, suggesting that secondary reconnections are important building blocks for the overall energy conversion at the magnetopause. The nonreconnection events are also primarily within the reconnection exhaust and the Kelvin‐Helmholtz vortices, highlighting the importance of reconnection and Kelvin‐Helmholtz instability in regulating the energy conversion at the MBL.
NEDD9 sustains hexokinase expression to promote glycolysis
Authors: Deneka Alexander Y. , Nikonova Anna S. , Lee Hyung-Ok , Kruger Warren D. , Golemis Erica A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractElevated rates of glycolysis in cancer cells support tumor growth, in a process that typically depends on oncogene-induced increases in the expression and/or activity of enzymes in the glycolytic pathway. The NEDD9 scaffolding protein is upregulated in many advanced tumors, with increased NEDD9 promoting the activity of SRC and other effectors that promote invasion and metastasis. We here define a new role for NEDD9 in support of glycolysis. NEDD9 knockdown significantly impaired glycolysis in multiple lung cancer cell lines This was accompanied by post-transcriptional downregulation of steady-state levels of hexokinases (HK1 and HK2), which catalyze early steps in the glycolytic cascade, key rate limiting enzyme phosphofructokinase (PFK1), and downstream glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). In mice, protein levels of HK1, HK2, PFK1, and GAPDH were depressed in Krastm4Tyj/J/Trp53tm1Brn/J (KP) non-small cell lung tumors with null versus wild type Nedd9. Reciprocally, depletion of HK1 or HK2 elevated NEDD9 expression, as did the treatment of cells with 2-deoxyglucose (2DG), an inhibitor of glycolysis; whereas overexpression of hexokinases promoted NEDD9 dephosphorylation, associated with reduced NEDD9 activity. Together, these data for the first time suggest a negative feedback circuit involving NEDD9 and glycolytic enzymes that may contribute to NEDD9 action in promoting the aggressive growth of advanced tumors.
The association between midlife living arrangement and psychiatrist-diagnosed depression in later life: who among your family members reduces the risk of depression?
Authors: Ogawa Kento , Shirai Kokoro , Nozaki Shoko , Shikimoto Ryo , Sawada Norie , Mimura Masaru , Iso Hiroyasu , Tsugane Shoichiro ,   for the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study Group
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the longitudinal association between living arrangements and psychiatrists’ diagnosis of depression in the general population. In 1990, 1254 Japanese men and women aged 40–59 years were enroled and completed questionnaires on the living arrangement in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study) and participated in a mental health screening (2014–2015). The study diagnosed a major depressive disorder (MDD) assessed by well-trained certified psychiatrists through medical examinations. During the follow-up, a total of 105 participants (36 men and 69 women) aged 64–84 years were diagnosed with MDD by psychiatrists. Living with a child (ren) was associated with a reduced risk of MDD for men but not for women; the respective multivariable ORs (95% CIs) were 0.42 (0.19–0.96) and 0.59 (0.32–1.09). These associations remained unchanged after adjusting for living with spouse and parent(s). In conclusion, living with a child (ren) was associated with a reduced risk of MDD in men, suggesting the role of a child (ren) in the prevention of MDD.
Large-scale real-world data analysis identifies comorbidity patterns in schizophrenia
Authors: Lu Chenyue , Jin Di , Palmer Nathan , Fox Kathe , Kohane Isaac S. , Smoller Jordan W. , Yu Kun-Hsing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSchizophrenia affects >3.2 million people in the USA. However, its comorbidity patterns have not been systematically characterized in real-world populations. To address this gap, we conducted an observational study using a cohort of 86 million patients in a nationwide health insurance dataset. We identified participants with schizophrenia and those without schizophrenia matched by age, sex, and the first three digits of zip code. For each phenotype encoded in phecodes, we compared their prevalence in schizophrenia patients and the matched non-schizophrenic participants, and we performed subgroup analyses stratified by age and sex. Results show that anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and substance abuse commonly occur in adolescents and young adults prior to schizophrenia diagnoses. Patients aged 60 and above are at higher risks of developing delirium, alcoholism, dementia, pelvic fracture, and osteomyelitis than their matched controls. Type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, and eating disorders were more prevalent in women prior to schizophrenia diagnosis, whereas acute renal failure, rhabdomyolysis, and developmental delays were found at higher rates in men. Anxiety and obesity are more commonly seen in patients with schizoaffective disorders compared to patients with other types of schizophrenia. Leveraging a large-scale insurance claims dataset, this study identified less-known comorbidity patterns of schizophrenia and confirmed known ones. These comorbidity profiles can guide clinicians and researchers to take heed of early signs of co-occurring diseases.
The role of ADHD genetic risk in mid-to-late life somatic health conditions
Authors: Garcia-Argibay Miguel , du Rietz Ebba , Lu Yi , Martin Joanna , Haan Elis , Lehto Kelli , Bergen Sarah E. , Lichtenstein Paul , Larsson Henrik , Brikell Isabell 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGrowing evidence suggests that ADHD, an early onset neurodevelopmental disorder, is associated with poor somatic health in adulthood. However, the mechanisms underlying these associations are poorly understood. Here, we tested whether ADHD polygenic risk scores (PRS) are associated with mid-to-late life somatic health in a general population sample. Furthermore, we explored whether potential associations were moderated and mediated by life-course risk factors. We derived ADHD-PRS in 10,645 Swedish twins born between 1911 and 1958. Sixteen cardiometabolic, autoimmune/inflammatory, and neurological health conditions were evaluated using self-report (age range at measure 42–88 years) and clinical diagnoses defined by International Classification of Diseases codes in national registers. We estimated associations of ADHD-PRS with somatic outcomes using generalized estimating equations, and tested moderation and mediation of these associations by four life-course risk factors (education level, body mass index [BMI], tobacco use, alcohol misuse). Results showed that higher ADHD-PRS were associated with increased risk of seven somatic outcomes (heart failure, cerebro- and peripheral vascular disease, obesity, type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and migraine) with odds ratios ranging 1.07 to 1.20. We observed significant mediation effects by education, BMI, tobacco use, and alcohol misuse, primarily for associations of ADHD-PRS with cardiometabolic outcomes. No moderation effects survived multiple testing correction. Our findings suggests that higher ADHD genetic liability confers a modest risk increase for several somatic health problems in mid-to-late life, particularly in the cardiometabolic domain. These associations were observable in the general population, even in the absence of medical treatment for ADHD, and appear to be in part mediated by life-course risk factors.
Cutaneous manifestations of monoclonal gammopathy
Authors: Claveau Jean-Sebastien , Wetter David A. , Kumar Shaji 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMonoclonal gammopathy associated with dermatological manifestations are a well-recognized complication. These skin disorders can be associated with infiltration and proliferation of a malignant plasma cells or by a deposition of the monoclonal immunoglobulin in a nonmalignant monoclonal gammopathy. These disorders include POEMS syndrome, light chain amyloidosis, Schnitzler syndrome, scleromyxedema and TEMPI syndrome. This article provides a review of clinical manifestations, diagnostics criteria, natural evolution, pathogenesis, and treatment of these cutaneous manifestations.