bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxynitride-surface engineering of rhodium-decorated gallium nitride for efficient thermocatalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide
Authors: Li Jinglin , Sheng Bowen , Chen Yiqing , Sadaf Sharif Md. , Yang Jiajia , Wang Ping , Pan Hu , Ma Tao , Zhu Lei , Song Jun , Lin He , Wang Xinqiang , Huang Zhen , Zhou Baowen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUpcycling of carbon dioxide towards fuels and value-added chemicals poses an opportunity to overcome challenges faced by depleting fossil fuels and climate change. Herein, combining highly controllable molecular beam epitaxy growth of gallium nitride (GaN) under a nitrogen-rich atmosphere with subsequent air annealing, a tunable platform of gallium oxynitride (GaN1-xOx) nanowires is built to anchor rhodium (Rh) nanoparticles for carbon dioxide hydrogenation. By correlatively employing various spectroscopic and microscopic characterizations, as well as density functional theory calculations, it is revealed that the engineered oxynitride surface of GaN works in synergy with Rh to achieve a dramatically reduced energy barrier. Meanwhile, the potential-determining step is switched from *COOH formation into *CO desorption. As a result, significantly improved CO activity of 127 mmol‧gcat−1‧h−1 is achieved with high selectivity of >94% at 290 °C under atmospheric pressure, which is three orders of magnitude higher than that of commercial Rh/Al2O3. Furthermore, capitalizing on the high dispersion of the Rh species, the architecture illustrates a decent turnover frequency of 270 mol CO per mol Rh per hour over 9 cycles of operation. This work presents a viable strategy for promoting CO2 refining via surface engineering of an advanced support, in collaboration with a suitable metal cocatalyst.
Deep learning-based robust positioning for all-weather autonomous driving
Authors: Almalioglu Yasin , Turan Mehmet , Trigoni Niki , Markham Andrew 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInterest in autonomous vehicles (AVs) is growing at a rapid pace due to increased convenience, safety benefits and potential environmental gains. Although several leading AV companies predicted that AVs would be on the road by 2020, they are still limited to relatively small-scale trials. The ability to know their precise location on the map is a challenging prerequisite for safe and reliable AVs due to sensor imperfections under adverse environmental and weather conditions, posing a formidable obstacle to their widespread use. Here we propose a deep learning-based self-supervised approach for ego-motion estimation that is a robust and complementary localization solution under inclement weather conditions. The proposed approach is a geometry-aware method that attentively fuses the rich representation capability of visual sensors and the weather-immune features provided by radars using an attention-based learning technique. Our method predicts reliability masks for the sensor measurements, eliminating the deficiencies in the multimodal data. In various experiments we demonstrate the robust all-weather performance and effective cross-domain generalizability under harsh weather conditions such as rain, fog and snow, as well as day and night conditions. Furthermore, we employ a game-theoretic approach to analyse the interpretability of the model predictions, illustrating the independent and uncorrelated failure modes of the multimodal system. We anticipate our work will bring AVs one step closer to safe and reliable all-weather autonomous driving.
Examination of Consonantal Phonetic Coverage in Standard Reading Passages
Authors: Gurevich Naomi , Kim Heejin 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:To be effective for clinical and research purposes, materials for eliciting speech should have phonetic coverage of a language, which necessarily includes bothphonemiccoverage (including all phonemes) andallophoniccoverage (including positional contexts). The purpose of this work was to quantify allophonic coverage in widely used standard passages.Method:A total of 466 allowable contexts for 24 consonants in English were determined by taking into account positional contexts in terms of word positions, lexical stress, and proximity to other phonemes.The Caterpillar, The Grandfather Passage, andThe Rainbow Passagewere analyzed with respect to their phonetic coverage of these allowable contexts.Results:The standard passages achieved phonemic coverage, but their phonetic coverage was minimal: 24.89% inThe Caterpillar, 27.25% inThe Grandfather Passage, and 35.84% inThe Rainbow Passage.Conclusion:Our analysis of three standard passages suggests the need for new speech materials that provide not only phonemic but also allophonic coverage so that production and perception of consonants can be examined as a function of their positional contexts.
Joint visual template and natural language for robust visual tracking
Authors: Wang Jingchao , Zhang Huanlong , Zhang Jianwei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAt present, the target of interest in visual tracking is given in the form of a bounding box. Due to the randomness of the target shape, the bounding box may contain a lot of non‐target information. When encountering complex tracking scenarios, the performance of the tracker reduces severely. To address this problem, in this letter, the authors propose a novel tracking framework based on the joint of the visual template and natural language (VNTrack) to alleviate the impact of bounding box ambiguity. Specifically, the authors first use a pre‐trained language model to extract the features of the language description of the target. Then, a feature alignment module is designed to align and enhance the visual template feature and natural language feature. In addition, the authors design a multimodal query module to fuse the visual template, natural language, and search region information. Experimental results over tracking benchmarks with language annotations show that the proposed VNTrack is competitive among the state‐of‐the‐art trackers.
Context‐guided ground truth sampling for multi‐modality data augmentation in autonomous driving
Authors: Shi Peicheng , Qi Heng , Liu Zhiqiang , Yang Aixi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractData augmentation is an important pre‐processing step for object detection in 2D image and 3D point clouds. However, studies on multimodal data augmentation are extremely limited compared to single‐modal work. Moreover, simultaneously ensuring consistency and rationality when pasting both image and point cloud samples is a major challenge in multimodal methods. In this study, a novel multimodal data augmentation method based on ground truth sampling (GT sampling) is proposed for generating content‐rich synthetic scenes. A GT database and scene ground database based on the raw training set is initially built, following which the context of the image and point cloud is used to guide the paste location and filtering strategy of the GT samples. The proposed method can avoid the cluttered features caused by random pasting of samples; the image context information can help the model to learn the correlation between the object and the environment more comprehensively, and the point cloud context information can reduce occlusion in the case of long‐distance objects. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is demonstrated on the publicly available KITTI dataset. Utilizing the multimodal 3D detector MVXNet as an implementation tool, our experiments evaluate different superimposition strategies ranging from context‐free sample pasting methods to context‐guided new training scenes. In comparison with existing GT sampling methods, our method exhibits a relative performance improvement of 15% on benchmark datasets. In ablation studies, our sample pasting strategy achieves a +2.81% gain compared with previous work. In conclusion, considering the multimodal context of modelled objects is crucial for placing them in the correct environment.
Performance enhancement of dual‐polarised dipole antenna using parasitic elements
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhang Rui , En Yunfei , Zhu Zhangming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a differentially fed broadband dual‐polarised dipole antenna with parasitic elements is proposed. The presented antenna comprises a pair of strip dipoles as driven elements, four square patches as internal parasitic elements, four rectangular patches with cut corners as external parasitic elements, and two pairs of coaxial cables as feeding structures placed orthogonally to excite the driven strip dipoles to achieve ±45° dual polarisation. Furthermore, two additional dual‐polarisation modes can be simulated and a broadband dual‐polarised antenna can be obtained by positioning the external and internal parasitic elements to the end and at the edge of driven elements, respectively. The presented antenna provides wide bandwidth using these dual‐polarisation modes. The measurement results indicate that the presented antenna has excellent characteristics with a wide impedance bandwidth (IBW) of 68.4% (|Sdd11| < −18 dB and 1.30–2.65 GHz) and high isolation (|Sdd21| < −30 dB) within the IBW. Additionally, the four‐element array of the broadband dual‐polarised antenna with differential feeding characteristics was designed. The results show that the measured IBW is 59.7% (|Sdd11| < −15dB and 1.35–2.50 GHz). By contrast, the isolation between the two ports exceeds 30 dB across the impedance passband and has potential applications in multiple wireless communication systems owing to the wide bandwidth coverage (frequency division duplexing (FDD), digital communication system (DCS), personal communication system (PCS), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), and Long Term Evolution (LTE) frequency bands).
Application of convolution neural networks‐based hierarchical perception technology in 3D clothing designs
Authors: Hong Yu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to solve the problems in the modern life, such as the inconvenience caused by fast life pace, the need to save time, the unsatisfactory products for consumers, the low brand awareness in the clothing industry, serious product homogenisation and low life quality. The study of the application of hierarchical perception technology in 3D (three‐dimensional) clothing designs is carried out based on CNN (convolutional neural networks). The study includes the training of CNN, the selection of 3D clothing models and 2D (two‐dimensional) projection of 3D human body models. A simulation experiment is conducted by taking 49‐year‐old males, 22‐year‐old males and 50‐year‐old females as research objects. The findings show that the training network can effectively identify the typical lines of the human's hindneck, chest, shoulders, and waist, and the accuracy of the front and side recognition of the human body can be reached as high as 93% on average. The effective identification of human characteristics is achieved. The study has an important impact on the technical field and clothing industry and also has profound theoretical and practical significance.
An ant colony genetic fusion routing algorithm based on soft define network
Authors: Zhao Kaixin , Wei Yong , Zhang Yang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAiming at the problem that there are many paths in data forwarding in soft define network (SDN) network, and the optimal path is difficult to find, combined with the advantages of ant colony algorithm and Genetic algorithm (GA), a routing control strategy based on the ant colony genetic fusion algorithm is proposed. This algorithm absorbs the advantages of high speed in the early stage of GA search and high efficiency in the late stage of ant colony algorithm search; the improved ant colony genetic fusion algorithm is applied to the SDN routing process for simulation tests. The simulation experiment shows that the throughput and link utilization of the proposed algorithm are about 30% higher than that of the single optimal particle swarm optimization algorithm.
Is the mm/submm dust polarization a robust tracer of the magnetic field topology in protostellar envelopes? A model exploration
Authors: Valdivia Valeska , Maury Anaëlle , Hennebelle Patrick 
Published: September 2022

Context.High-resolution millimeter and submillimeter (mm and submm) polarization observations have opened a new era in the understanding of how magnetic fields are organized in star forming regions, unveiling an intricate interplay between the magnetic fields and the gas in protostellar cores. However, to assess the role of the magnetic field in the process of solar-type star formation, it is important to understand to what extent the polarized dust emission is a good tracer of the magnetic field in the youngest protostellar objects.Aims.In this paper, we present a thorough investigation of the fidelity and limitations of using dust polarized emission to map the magnetic field topologies in low-mass protostars.Methods.To assess the importance of these effects, we performed an analysis of magnetic field properties in 27 realizations of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) models following the evolution of physical properties in star-forming cores. Assuming a uniform population of dust grains the sizes of which follow the standard MRN size distribution, we analyzed the synthetic polarized dust emission maps produced when these grains align with the localB-field because of radiative torques (B-RATs).Results.We find that mm and submm polarized dust emission is a robust tracer of the magnetic field topologies in inner protostellar envelopes and is successful at capturing the details of the magnetic field spatial distribution down to radii ~100 au. Measurements of the line-of-sight-averaged magnetic field line orientation using the polarized dust emission are precise to <15° (typical of the error on polarization angles obtained with observations from large mm polarimetric facilities such as ALMA) in about 75%–95% of the independent lines of sight that pass through protostellar envelopes. Large discrepancies between the integratedB-field mean orientation and the orientation reconstructed from the polarized dust emission are mostly observed in (i) lines of sight where the magnetic field is highly disorganized and (ii) those that probe large column densities. Our analysis shows that the high opacity of the thermal dust emission and low polarization fractions could be used to avoid using the small fraction of measurements affected by large errors.
Die Bedeutung der interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit in der Behandlung von Knochentumoren und deren sozioökonomische Relevanz
Authors: Hardes Jendrik , Vieth Volker , Streitbürger Arne , Hartmann Wolfgang 
Published: September 2022

EinleitungDie interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit war in der Medizin schon immer von enormer Wichtigkeit. Der Wissensfortschritt in der modernen Medizin inklusive des unaufhaltsamen Trends zu Subspezialisierungen macht es für den jeweiligen Facharzt heutzutage unmöglich, die jeweiligen „Partnerdisziplinen“ erschöpfend zu überblicken. Das in der Vergangenheit erlangte Studienwissen bezüglich anderer Fachgebiete ist in vielen Bereichen nicht mehr aktuell. Somit bestand und besteht keine Alternative zu interdisziplinärer Zusammenarbeit. Durch diese entsteht zum einen ein Mehrwert für den behandelnden Arzt, zum anderen – viel wichtiger – für die zu behandelnden Patienten.
Rhabdomyolysis following Nuss Procedure: A Prospective Study in Children
Authors: Estefanía Karla , Serradilla Javier , Ramirez Carla , Velayos Maria , Muñoz-Serrano Antonio Jesus , Durán Pilar , Fernández Carlota , Hernandez Francisco , De la Torre Carlos 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction Postoperative rhabdomyolysis (RML) has been documented after several surgical procedures in adults. Musculoskeletal remodeling after Nuss procedure for pectus excavatum (PE) could cause RML. We evaluated the incidence of RML after Nuss procedure in children.
Methods This study was a prospective study from 2018 to 2021. We enrolled all otherwise healthy patients who underwent PE correction with only one bar. Studied variables included demographic and clinical data, duration of surgery, complications, and length of hospitalization. The patients included underwent serial measurements of serum creatine kinase (CK), troponin I, N terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), serum creatinine, urea, and glomerular filtration rate at 6 and 48 hours postoperatively, and hospital discharge.
Results Forty-six patients met criteria (40 males/6 females), with a mean age of 15.1 ± 1.4 years. Mean duration of surgery was 74 ± 28 minutes, and length of hospitalization was 4.6 ± 1.6 days. RML was diagnosed in 30.4% of patients at 6 hours, 91.3% at 48 hours, and 21.7% at hospital discharge. Mean preoperative CK value was 181.1 ± 141.6 IU/L, and postoperative values were 863.3 ± 302.6 IU/L at 6 hours, 1,675.2 ± 561 IU/L at 48 hours, and 850 ± 683.7 IU/L at hospital discharge, with statistically significant differences (p = 0.001). High-sensitivity troponin I and NT-proBNP levels increased significantly during the postoperative time (p = 0.001). Renal function remained stable (p = 0.55).
Conclusion Nuss technique produces RML without kidney injury in healthy patients. This knowledge should be considered for patients at increased risk of developing acute kidney injury and other complications.
Hyponatremia after Autologous Breast Reconstruction: A Cohort Study Comparing Two Fluid Management Protocols
Authors: Ruccia Francesca , Savage Jessica Anne , Sorooshian Parviz , Lees Matthew , Fesatidou Vasiliki , Zoccali Giovanni 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background Perioperative fluid management is an important component of enhanced recovery pathways for microsurgical breast reconstruction. Historically, fluid management has been liberal. Little attention has been paid to the biochemical effects of different protocols. This study aims to reduce the risk of postoperative hyponatremia by introducing a new fluid management protocol.
Methods A single-institution cohort study comparing a prospective series of patients was managed using a new “modestly restrictive” fluid postoperative fluid management protocol to a control group managed with a “liberal” fluid management protocol.
Results One-hundred thirty patients undergoing microsurgical breast reconstruction, at a single institution during 2021, are reported. Hyponatremia is demonstrated to be a significant risk with the original liberal fluid management protocol. At the end of the first postoperative day, mean fluid balance was +2,838 mL (± 1,630 mL). Twenty-four patients of sixty-five (36%) patients had low blood sodium level, 14% classified as moderate-to-severe hyponatremia. Introducing a new, “modestly-restrictive” protocol reduced mean fluid balance on day 1 to +844 mL (±700) (p ≤ 0.0001). Incidence of hyponatremia reduced from 36 to 14% (p = 0.0005). No episodes of moderate or severe hyponatremia were detected. Fluid intake, predominantly oral water, between 8am and 8pm on the first postoperative day is identified as the main risk factor for developing hyponatremia (odds ratio [OR]: 7; p = 0.019). Modest fluid restriction, as guided by the new protocol, protects patients from low sodium level (OR: 0.25; confidence interval: 95%; 0.11–1.61; p = 0.0014).
Conclusion The original “liberal” fluid management protocol encouraged unrestricted postoperative oral intake of water. Patients were often advised to consume in excess of 5 L in the first 24 hours. This unintentionally, but frequently, was associated with moderate-to-severe hyponatremia. We present a new protocol characterized by early cessation of intravenous fluid and an oral fluid limit of 2,100 mL/day associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of hyponatremia and fluid overload.
Psychosocial Impact of Malocclusion and Self-Perceived Orthodontic Treatment Need among Young Adult Dental Patients
Authors: Ben Gassem Afnan A. , Aldweesh Aljazi H. , Alsagob Eman I. , Alanazi Aljawharah M. , Hafiz Arwa M. , Aljohani Rahaf S. , Kurdi Yara E. , Abu Hammad Osama 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objectives To investigate the psychosocial impact of malocclusion and self-rated and clinician-rated orthodontic treatment need on young adult patients in the Western Province of Saudi Arabia.
Materials and Methods Eighteen- to 30-year-old patients (n=355) attending a tertiary dental care facility were included. Three instruments were used for data collection: (1) Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetic Questionnaire (PIDAQ), (2) aesthetic component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN-AC), self-rated and clinician-rated, and (3) clinician-rated Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Kruskal–Wallis test, Mann–Whitney U-test, and multiple linear regression analysis.
Results Females were significantly more impacted than males on all domains with the exception of the dental self-consciousness domain. For both the self-rated and clinician-rated IOTN and the DAI, it was found that the more severe the malocclusion, the higher the impact on all domains except for the dental self-confidence domain, which showed that patients with mild malocclusions were more affected than those with moderate and severe malocclusions. Significant associations were observed between independent variables (age, sex, self-rated IOTN, and DAI) and total PIDAQ score.
Conclusions Perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics is directly related to severity of malocclusion (self-rated and clinician-rated) for all domains of the PIDAQ accept the DSC, and females showed higher psychosocial impact than males. Clinicians should consider the impact of malocclusion and certain demographic characteristics on the psychosocial well-being of an individual when determining the orthodontic treatment need.
Involvement of AGE and Its Receptors in the Pathogenesis of Hypertension in Elderly People and Its Treatment
Authors: Prasad Kailash 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBoth systolic and diastolic blood pressures increase with age up to 50 to 60 years of age. After 60 years of age systolic pressure rises to 84 years of age but diastolic pressure remains stable or even decreases. In the oldest age group (85–99 years), the systolic blood pressure (SBP) is high and diastolic pressure (DBP) is the lowest. Seventy percent of people older than 65 years are hypertensive. This paper deals with the role of advanced glycation end products (AGE) and its cell receptor (RAGE) and soluble receptor (sRAGE) in the development of hypertension in the elderly population. Plasma/serum levels of AGE are higher in older people as compared with younger people. Serum levels of AGE are positively correlated with age, arterial stiffness, and hypertension. Low serum levels of sRAGE are associated with arterial stiffness and hypertension. Levels of sRAGE are negatively correlated with age and blood pressure. Levels of sRAGE are lower in patients with arterial stiffness and hypertension than patients with high levels of sRAGE. AGE could induce hypertension through numerous mechanisms including, cross-linking with collagen, reduction of nitric oxide, increased expression of endothelin-1, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Interaction of AGE with RAGE could produce hypertension through the generation of reactive oxygen species, increased sympathetic activity, activation of nuclear factor-kB, and increased expression of cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, and TGF- β. In conclusion, the AGE–RAGE axis could be involved in hypertension in elderly people. Treatment for hypertension in elderly people should be targeted at reduction of AGE levels in the body, prevention of AGE formation, degradation of AGE in vivo, downregulation of RAGE expression, blockade of AGE–RAGE interaction, upregulation of sRAGE expression, and use of antioxidants.