bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mood regulation, alexithymia, and personality disorders in female patients with opioid use disorders
Authors: El Rasheed Amany Haroun , Elserafy Doha Moustafa , Marey Mennatullah Ali , Hashem Reem El Sayed 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Opioid use disorders are rising among females. So, there is a need for more recognition of the various factors contributing to this trend in women, to help us to plan effective interventions to this group of patients. Hence, we conducted this research to identify risk factors associated with opioid use in females including mood regulation, alexithymia, and personality disorders. The study included 60 females ranging from 18 to 45 years [30 females diagnosed with opioid use disorder according DSM-IV (case group), and 30 females with no mental illness diagnosis according to general health questionnaire (control group)]. The subjects were recruited from inpatients and outpatient clinic of Al-Abbassia Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. Both groups were assessed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV axis II disorders (SCID II) for personality, Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS) for emotional regulation and Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20) for alexithymia.

Results
Regarding sociodemographic data, cases were significantly different from controls as they are less educated (P < 0.001), more 73% (22) unemployed (P <0.001) and 56.7% (17) of cases had positive family history of first degree relatives with drug use (P = 0.001).
SCID II showed more significant personality disorders diagnosis among cases as (borderline, antisocial, paranoid, schizotypal, and schizoid personality disorder) (P < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.01, 0.003, and 0.005, respectively) and also multiple personality disorders (P < 0.001) diagnosis. As regards alexithymia all cases were classified as having alexithymia 100% versus 56.7% among controls. Meanwhile, cases showed more difficulty in identifying (P < 0.001) and describing feelings (P = 0.001) and more externally oriented thinking (P = 0.010). Results of TMMS showed cases had lower total score on TMMS (p = 0.016). Signifying their inability to regulate their emotions in comparison to controls. There was no significant association between alexithymia, sociodemographic data, TMMS, and SCID II among cases group.

Conclusions
The present study found that females with opioid use disorders tend to be less educated, unemployed with positive family history of substance abuse, and diagnosed mainly with cluster A and B personality disorders. Moreover, had difficulty in identifying, describing, and regulating their emotions.
Crescents, an Independent Risk Factor for the Progression of Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Sun Liya , Duan Tongyue , Zhao Qing , Xu Lujun , Han Yachun , Xi Yiyun , Zhu Xuejing , He Liyu , Tang Chengyuan , Fu Xiao , Sun Lin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Context
Crescents have been noticed in pathologic changes in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the clinical significance of crescents is still not well recognized.

Objective
The main objective was to investigate the association between crescents and the prognoses of type 2 DKD (T2DKD) patients, and, secondly, to analyze the relationship between crescents and clinicopathologic features.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study of 155 patients with T2DKD diagnosed by renal biopsy was carried out in a single center. Clinicopathologic features of patients with or without crescents were analyzed. Cox regression models and meta-analysis were used to determine the prognostic values of crescents for T2DKD. A nomogram was constructed to provide a simple estimation method of 1, 3, and 5-year renal survival for patients with T2DKD.

Results
Compared with T2DKD patients without crescents, patients with crescents had higher 24-hour proteinuria and serum creatinine levels, as well as more severe Kimmelstiel–Wilson (K-W) nodules, segmental sclerosis (SS), and mesangiolysis (all P &lt; .05). Furthermore, the crescents were positively correlated with serum creatinine, 24-hour proteinuria, K-W nodules, SS, mesangiolysis, and complement 3 deposition. Multivariate Cox models showed that crescents were an independent prognostic risk factor for renal survival (hazard ratio [HR] 2.68, 95% CI 1.27-5.64). The meta-analyzed results of 4 studies on crescents in T2DKD confirmed that patients with crescents had a significantly higher HR for renal progression.

Conclusion
Patients with crescents in T2DKD have more severe clinicopathologic changes and worse prognoses. The crescent can serve as an independent risk factor for T2DKD progression.
Hypogonadism in Males With Genetic Neurodevelopmental Syndromes
Authors: Winters Stephen J 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGenetic syndromes that affect the nervous system may also disrupt testicular function, and the mechanisms for these effects may be interrelated. Most often neurological signs and symptoms predominate and hypogonadism remains undetected and untreated, while in other cases, a thorough evaluation of a hypogonadal male reveals previously unrecognized ataxia, movement disorder, muscle weakness, tremor, or seizures, leading to a syndromic diagnosis. Androgen deficiency in patients with neurological diseases may aggravate muscle weakness and fatigue and predispose patients to osteoporosis and obesity. The purpose of this mini review is to provide a current understanding of the clinical, biochemical, histologic, and genetic features of syndromes in which male hypogonadism and neurological dysfunction may coexist and may be encountered by the clinical endocrinologist.
Determination of Half-lives of Circulating FSH and LH Glycoforms in Women During GnRH Receptor Blockade
Authors: Wide Leif , Eriksson Karin , Sluss Patrick M , Hall Janet E 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Context
Both FSH and LH circulate as 2 glycoforms, differing in number of glycans: low-N-glycosylated glycoforms, FSHtri and LHdi, and fully N-glycosylated glycoforms, FSHtetra and LHtri.

Objectives
To determine the half-lives of endogenous circulating gonadotropin glycoforms in women during GnRH receptor blockade.

Design/Participants
Serum samples were collected in 8 healthy women before and up to 20 hours after administration of the NAL-GLU GnRH antagonist. Three women were in early follicular phase, 2 at mid-cycle phase, and 3 were postmenopausal.

Main Outcome Measures
The half-life of each glycoform was estimated by monoexponential decay for FSH (n = 8) and LH (n = 5). Data were analyzed using paired t tests.

Results
Half-lives in the circulation of low-N-glycosylated glycoforms of both FSH and LH were shorter than those of the fully N-glycosylated glycoforms (mean; range, FSHtri 343; 116-686 minutes vs FSHtetra 757; 436-1038, minutes, P = 0.0003; LHdi 125, 84-198 minutes vs LHtri 164, 107-235 minutes, P = 0.004). The half-lives of low-and fully N-glycosylated forms of LH were shorter than the corresponding half-lives of FSH glycoforms, P = 0.0008.

Conclusions
For both FSH and LH, low-N-glycosylated glycoforms disappeared from the circulation faster than the fully N-glycosylated. The half-lives of low and fully N-glycosylated forms of LH were shorter than the corresponding half-lives of FSH. The estimated values for half-life in the circulation of total FSH and total LH will depend on the relative amounts of the 2 glycoforms of each hormone and their individual disappearance rates in circulation.
Relationship Between Hypoglycemia Awareness Status on Clarke/Gold Methods and Counterregulatory Response to Hypoglycemia
Authors: Rubin Nathan T , Seaquist Elizabeth R , Eberly Lynn , Kumar Anjali , Mangia Silvia , Öz Gülin , Moheet Amir 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Context
Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) is characterized by the diminished ability to perceive symptoms of hypoglycemia. Gold and Clark questionnaires are commonly used to identify patients with IAH. The relationship between IAH status on questionnaires and a person’s symptom and epinephrine responses to hypoglycemia are not well understood.

Objective
We aimed to examine the relationship between hypoglycemia awareness status on Clarke and Gold questionnaires with both hormonal and symptomatic responses to experimental hypoglycemia.

Methods
In this university medical center study, we examined data from 78 subjects with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who completed both questionnaires and underwent a hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp (target glucose 50 mg/dL).

Results
Clarke and Gold scores were highly correlated with one another (r = 0.82) and each had a moderate negative relationship with epinephrine (Clarke: r = -0.51, Gold: r = -0.50) and total symptom response (Clarke: r = −0.59, Gold: r = −0.57). However, 32% of the subjects were classified inconsistently by Clark vs Gold. A clustering analysis was done to examine how disagreement between the 2 questionnaires on IAH classification relates to epinephrine and symptoms responses during hypoglycemia. Subjects who had partial loss of symptoms or of epinephrine response were more likely to be classified inconsistently.

Conclusion
Our results show that IAH classification may be discordant between Clark and Gold questionnaires and that hypoglycemia awareness status on Clarke and Gold questionnaires poorly predicts hormonal and symptomatic responses to hypoglycemia in subjects with T1D and moderate blunting of symptoms or epinephrine.
The predictive value of models of neuromuscular disorders to potentiate clinical translation
Authors: van Putten Maaike 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) are a heterogenous group of rare inherited diseases that compromise the function of peripheral nerves and/or muscles. With limited treatment options available, there is a growing need to design effective preclinical studies that can lead to greater success in clinical trials for novel therapeutics. Here, I discuss recent advances in modelling NMDs to improve preclinical studies as well as two articles from this issue that work in parallel to enable a deeper understanding of a particularly rare NMD, known as X-linked myotubular myopathy.
The Emergence of Novel Product Uses: An Investigation of Exaptations in IKEA Hacks
Authors: Chan Tian Heong , Lim Shi-Ying 
Published: August 2022

Exaptation refers to the emergence of novel functionalities in existing products. Exaptations frequently arise in the context of users who creatively modify (or hack) existing products to accommodate new needs. Here, we examine how product-first (compared with problem-first) search affects the occurrence of exaptations. In a product-first search, the user identifies the product to be hacked before seeking a viable need. In a problem-first search, the user has a defined problem before seeking a viable solution. We argue that users are more likely to achieve exaptations following a problem-first (compared with a product-first) search. Indeed, with problem-first search, they are less likely to face functional fixedness, and they can leverage their greater awareness of problems that may not have readily adaptable solutions, which leads them to generate exaptations. Using a novel data set comprising user hacks of IKEA products, we present evidence that hacks originating from a product-first search are less likely to generate exaptations than hacks originating from a problem-first search. We also show that this difference is mitigated when the user has hacking experience or when the IKEA product being hacked is more modular. We also explore how the mitigation happens. Increased hacking experience appears to reduce functional fixedness; meanwhile, increased product modularity increases the likelihood that users will make serendipitous discoveries leading to exaptations. We contribute to the growing literature on exaptation as a source of novelty and discuss the implications of this phenomenon for managing user innovation.This paper was accepted by Sridhar Tayur, entrepreneurship and innovation.Funding: Financial support from the Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund [Tier 1 Grant 251RES1907] is gratefully acknowledged.Supplemental Material: The data and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4486 .
Karyomorphological delineation, and the NOR loci on the sex chromosome in three species of Chrysopeleinid (Chrysopeleinae: Colubridae) from Thailand
Authors: DONBUNDIT NATTASUDA , BAUSRIYOD PHICHAYA , TANOMTONG ALONGKLOD , SRISAMOOT NATTAPONG , SUMONTHA MONTRI , THONGNETR WEERA , PATAWANG ISARA , SUPIWONG WEERAYUTH , DITCHAROEN SUKHONTHIP , MUANGLEN NAWARAT , KAEWMAD PUNTIVAR 
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Donbundit N, Bausriyod P, Tanomtong A, Srisamoot N, Sumontha M, Thongnetr W, Patawang I, Supiwong W, Ditcharoen S, Muanglen N, Kaewmad P. 2022. Karyomorphological delineation, and the NOR loci on the sex chromosome in three species of Chrysopeleinid (Chrysopeleinae: Colubridae) from Thailand. Biodiversitas 23: 3813-3819. The description of chromosomal characteristics of three snakes from Thailand namely, Ahaetulla fusca, A. prasina, and Chrysopelea ornata was by using conventional staining and Ag-NOR banding techniques. The results showed that the same diploid chromosome number (2n) = 36 (16 macrochromosomes + 20 microchromosomes) and the fundamental number (NF) was 54 while the karyotype formulae in these three species are as follows: A. fusca; 2n(36) = Lm6 + Sm2+ Ssm4 + Sa2+ ZZ/ZW + 20 microchromosomes, A. prasina; 2n(36) = Lm6+ Sm6+ Sa2+ ZZ/ZW + 20 microchromosomes and C. ornata; 2n(36) = Lm4+ Lsm2+ Sm2 + Ssm4+ Sa2+ ZZ/ZW + 20 microchromosomes. Besides, the ZZ/ZW sex chromosome was observed in all species, whereas C. ornata was discovered the heteromorphic sex chromosome for the first time. Nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) are located on telomeric region of one pair in all species, while located on microchromosomes in A. fusca and A. prasina, whereas C. ornata was detected on sex chromosomes. Therefore, the Z chromosome revealed the NOR on the telomeric region of the long arm, while NOR of the W chromosome was located on the telomeric region of the short arm.
Asynchronous tele-expertise (ASTE) for prenatal diagnosis is feasible and cost saving: Results of a French case study
Authors: Beldjerd M’hamed , Lafouge Antoine , Giorgi Roch , Le Corroller-Soriano Anne-Gaëlle , Quarello Edwin 
Published: August 2022

Objective
The objective of this study was to assess the potential of the use of asynchronous tele-expertise (ASTE) to provide prenatal diagnosis from a medical and economic point of view.

Population
Patients screened by a midwife at a primary center.

Methods
A technical and clinical evaluation was conducted retrospectively, and a cost minimization study compared asynchronous tele-expertise to face-to-face consultations that would have been performed without ASTE.

Main outcome measures
In our study we assessed the feasibility of ASTE, what were the origins of the requests for expertise, whether patients need to be moved and the reasons for doing so, and the costs of tele-expertise and conventional consultation.

Results
In this retrospective analysis 322 advices from 260 patients were interpreted remotely via a platform. The results revealed a 90.68% feasibility of transmitting in a satisfactory and interpretable way ultrasound images and videos via the tele-expertise platform (292/322 files). In our series, asynchronous analysis allowed the required physician to make an accurate diagnosis and identify 74 (28.5%, 95% CI [23% –33.9%]) pregnancies associated with malformations and rule out abnormalities in 186 (71.5%, 95% CI [66.1% –77%]) of the cases. The ASTE was not associated with face-to-face consultations for 72.7% (189/260) of the patients, who without moving, were able to have access to a precise diagnosis by ruling out the presence of anomalies in 163/189 of these patients and confirming them in 26/189 patients. The practice of ASTE would result from a societal point of view, an average saving of 61.8% (€ 120.57) per patient compared to a face-to-face consultation.

Conclusion
The use of asynchronous tele-expertise (ASTE) using fetal ultrasound, is feasible and may contribute to increased diagnostic accuracy while generating a significant reduction in costs for society.
Evocações camonianas
Authors: Pacheco Milton Pedro Dias 
Published: August 2022

Justificado o contexto histórico e apresentado o processo institucional em que decorreu a realização do IV Centenário da Estada de Luis de Camões na Ilha de Moçambique (1569-1969) na primeira parte deste estudo – com a identificação dos membros das comissões oficiais promotoras dos eventos e a avaliação das atividades culturais propostas no programa definitivo implementado na então província moçambicana –, importa agora proceder à análise dos conjuntos artísticos encomendados entre os anos de 1968 e 1969.
A abordagem proposta para esta segunda parte assenta na apresentação, interpretação e confrontação das obras produzidas no âmbito das comemorações de 1969: as coleções filatélicas impressas, a medalha cunhada e a escultura fundida. Complementarmente, procurar-se-á ainda identificar os agentes envolvidos, os oficiais responsáveis pela encomenda e os artistas envolvidos na conceção artística e execução material das obras, confrontar os modelos de influência artística e averiguar os modos de produção.
Dos interesantes aportaciones para la Flora de Galicia (N.O. Península Ibérica)
Authors: Sahuquillo Balbuena Elvira 
Published: August 2022

En esta nota breve se incluyen dos novedades provinciales, una para la provincia de Lugo y otra para la de Ourense (Galicia, Spain). Así mismo, es destacable que uno de estos taxones está incluido en el Catálogo Gallego de especies amenazadas en la categoría de “Vulnerable”, se trata de Utricularia minor L., novedad para la provincia de Ourense.
Pediatric Environmental Cold Injuries
Authors: Schimelpfenig Samuel S. , Jacobsen Britt 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cold weather injuries are relevant concerns for children during winter sports and outdoor activities. To mitigate the risk of cold injury in this high-risk population, providers can educate parents on proper outdoor attire as well as the added risks of wind and water exposure. There are 2 types of environmental cold injuries: freezing injuries and nonfreezing injuries. Frostbite is a freezing injury from direct contact with cold air or surfaces. The extent of injury depends on the depth to which the freezing extends. Treatment involves rewarming the frozen tissue with warm water baths and considering analgesia. Hypothermia is a nonfreezing cold injury, and it can occur even when ambient temperatures are above freezing. When there is a decrease in the body’s core temperature, hypothermia progresses from mild to severe symptoms. Treatment of hypothermia is threefold but is also dependent on the core body temperature, as colder core temperatures will require more aggressive warming techniques. Hypothermia treatment involves passive protection from further heat loss (ie, removing wet clothing), which helps the body to warm itself. Treatment also involves active external rewarming wherein a heat source, such as a heated blanket, is used to increase body temperature. Active internal rewarming is the delivery of heat inside the patient’s body, such as warmed intravenous fluids.
The Positive Impact of Pandemics in Two Selected Speculative Narratives
Authors: Khashashneh Rasha Mohammad , Alshetawi Mahmoud F. 
Published: August 2022

This article examines Stephen Soderbergh’s film Contagion (2011) and Emily St. John Mandel’s Station Eleven (2014) as a critique of the uncivilized culture of our modern society, which depends on fragile connections and lack of solidarity. Although global pandemics annihilate the world and shatter families, this study demonstrates how they are depicted as a positive tool of change, serving as a force that exposes then undermines the deep-rooted cultural flaws in society and finally offers lessons that help in rebuilding a new civilized world based on human values. Such representation of pandemics in these selected narratives is allegorical, functioning as a mirror that reflects our COVID-19 reality, teaching moral lessons, and contributing to our understanding of the crisis and how we think and act in response.
Diagnostic and prognostic significance of detecting mutations in the <i>BRAF, TERT, RAS, RET/PTC, PAX8/PPARG</i> in the material of fine needle aspiration biopsy thyroid nodules in the IV cytological group (Bethesda, 2017)
Authors: Musaelyan A. A. , Lapin S. V. , Nazarov V. D. , Kozorezova E. S. , Vorobyev S. L. , Orlov S. V. 
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Fine needle aspiration biopsy followed by cytological examination is the gold standard in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. However, up to one third of cases represent an indeterminate result (Bethesda Thyroid Classification, 2017) III—V). Among such cases, category IV is the most common and most difficult to interpret (Bethesda, 2017). The study objective is to determination of the diagnostic and prognostic significance of the molecular genetic study of the fine needle aspiration biopsy material in patients with thyroid nodules with the cytological category Bethesda, IV.Materials and methods. The study included surgical thyroid samples obtained from patients whose cytological examination revealed pathology of cytological category IV according to the Bethesda classification (2017). group 1 included surgical samples from 143 patients with thyroid lesions, and group 2 - cytological material from 45 patients. Determination of the BRAF V600E mutation, mutations in the RAS genes (KRAS, HRAS, NRAS) was carried out using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction, and the RET / PTC1, RET / PTC3 and PAX8 / PPARG translocations were determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Sanger sequencing was used to detect mutations in the promoter region of the TERT gene.Results. In group 1, an overall prevalence of the studied mutations in thyroid cancer was 35.1 %: 8.8 % of cases were mutation BRAF V600E, 24.6 % - mutations in the RAS genes, 1.8 % - mutation C228T in the TERT gene. The C228T mutation in the TERT gene was found in 1 case of widely invasive Hurtle cell carcinoma. The prevalence of mutations in benign formations was 4.7 %. mutations in RAS genes were also found in them in group 1, mutation BRAF V600E was associated with the presence of extrathyroid invasion (p = 0.024), vascular invasion (p = 0.018), and lymph node metastases (p = 0.018). In group 2, using the genetic panel sensitivity and specificity were equal: 36.4 and 93.9 %, respectively. positive and negative predictive values were 66.7 and 81.6 %, respectively. No RET / PTC and PAX8 / PPARG translocations were found in groups 1 and 2.Conclusion. The investigated molecular genetic panel, having a high specificity for carcinomas, will make it possible to supplement the cytological diagnostics of material in the category Bethesda, IV. BRAF V600E was associated with an aggressive morphological pattern.