bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex bias in Neolithic megalithic burials
Authors: Elliott Elliot , Saupe Tina , Thompson Jess E. , Robb John E. , Scheib Christiana L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesA statistical study comparing osteological and ancient DNA determinations of sex was conducted in order to investigate whether there are sex biases in United Kingdom and Irish Neolithic megalithic burials.Materials and MethodsGenetic and osteological information from human individuals from 32 megalithic sites in the UK and Ireland dating from 4000 to 2500 cal. BCE was collected and statistically analyzed to test whether there is a true over‐representation of males at these sites. The published dataset from the study by Sánchez‐Quinto et al. in 2019 was initially analyzed before being refined and included in a larger dataset. Osteological analysis of sex bias was limited to adults with available sex estimations, and genetic analysis limited to published dataResultsTwo sites consistently returned significant p‐values suggesting a potential over‐representation in osteological males at one site (Knowe of Midhowe, Orkney) and genetic males in the other (Primrose Grange, Ireland). Cumulative statistical analyses point towards a male bias in the representation of sexes in Neolithic megalithic burials, but these results do not reflect the site‐by‐site and regional variation found in this study.DiscussionThe interpretation of sex bias, that is, the over‐representation of one sex over another ‐ depends on other socio‐cultural variables (e.g., kinship) and the emphasis placed on statistical significance. The trend towards males being over‐represented in Neolithic megalithic burials is not as clear as previously thought, and requires further testing and data collection to uncover.
Sustainable Conversion of Microplastics to Methane with Ultrahigh Selectivity by a Biotic–Abiotic Hybrid Photocatalytic System
Authors: Ye Jie , Chen Yiping , Gao Chao , Wang Chao , Hu Andong , Dong Guowen , Chen Zhi , Zhou Shungui , Xiong Yujie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEfficient conversion of microplastics into fuels provides a promising strategy to alleviate environmental pollution and the energy crisis. However, the conventional processes are challenged by low product selectivity and potential secondary pollution. Herein, a biotic‐abiotic photocatalytic system is designed by assembling Methanosarcina barkeri (M. b) and carbon dot‐functionalized polymeric carbon nitrides (CDPCN), by which biodegradable microplastics—poly(lactic acid) after heat pretreatment can be converted into CH4 for five successive 24‐day cycles with nearly 100 % CH4 selectivity by the assistance of additional CO2. Mechanistic analyses showed that both photooxidation and photoreduction methanogenesis worked simultaneously via the fully utilizing photogenerated holes and electrons without chemical sacrificial quenchers. Further research validated the real‐world applicability of M. b‐CDPCN for non‐biodegradable microplastic‐to‐CH4 conversion, offering a new avenue for engineering the plastic reuse.
Fouling limitations of osmotic pressure‐driven processes and its remedial strategies: A review
Authors: Singh Satish Kumar , Maiti Abhijit , Pandey Aaditya , Jain Nishant , Sharma Chhaya 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe scarcity of freshwater is one of the major challenges to the civilized community around the World. So, the various engineered processes have been developed for the remediation of this problem such as osmotic pressure‐driven processes (OPDPs). OPDPs includes forward osmosis and pressure retarded osmosis, which have gained enormous attention and becoming a flexible membrane‐based technology for desalination and wastewater treatment. The most significant components of the OPDPs to be efficient are the membranes and the draw solution. Although numerous studies highlighted the membrane fouling and concentration polarization are one of the critical parameters to assess the system efficiency in the OPDPs and other pressure driven membrane processes. This study delivers an up‐to‐date review of the OPDPs in terms of concentration polarization, membrane fouling (organic, inorganic, and biofouling), foulant interactions, remedial strategies, monitoring and characterization techniques, and future directions of research. Numerous foulant interactions are also elaborated for the OPDPs in the field of the membrane separation technique. State of the art in antifouling membrane fabrication methods are critically reviewed along with different remedial strategies for fouled membranes in OPDPs.
Effect of nonsolvent on the structures and properties of poly(arylene ether nitrile) films prepared by the phase inversion method
Authors: Wang Dengyu , Xue Ya , You Chen , Lei Wenwu , Zhong Fei , Li Ying , Wang Pan , Li Kui , Zheng Yun , Yang Xulin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, a series of nonsolvents including ethyl acetate (EAC), acetic acid (HAC), n‐butyl alcohol (NBA), iso‐propyl alcohol (IPA) and ethanol (EA) were selected during the phase inversion process of poly(arylene ether nitrile) (PEN) films. The mechanism of film formation was tightly related with the interactions among polymer, solvent and nonsolvent. In the case of EAC, the aggregated sphere in P‐EAC confirmed the in situ aggregate mechanism of polymer chains during the phase inversion process. As the nonsolvent‐polymer interaction increases from HAC, NBA, IPA to EA, the phase inversion mechanism was gradually changed from the delayed to transient, as verified by the morphology transformation from spongy‐like to finger‐like. Dielectric, mechanical properties of these PEN films are tightly related with the morphological features, while their thermal properties are similar. Among them, P‐EAC show the optimal properties for potential application in the low‐k films, with a dielectric constant, Td5%, tensile strength of 1.99, 515.84°C, and 36.08 MPa, respectively. This work can provide references for tailoring the structures and properties of PEN films through rational selection of nonsolvent via the phase inversion method.
Engineering Escherichia coli native metabolism for efficient biosynthesis of orotate
Authors: Li Xianglai , Li Nan , Zhao Mengyuan , Zhou Zhao , Li Wenna , Shen Xiaolin , Wang Jia , Yan Yajun , Sun Xinxiao , Yuan Qipeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOrotate (OA) is a precursor of pyrimidine nucleotides and is widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Although various microorganisms have been used for OA production, the production efficiency needs to be further improved for industrial application. In this study, we engineered Escherichia coli native metabolism for efficient OA production. The entire pathway was divided into the downstream OA synthesis, the midstream aspartate/glutamine supply, and the upstream glycolysis modules. First, the downstream module was optimized by disrupting pyrE to block OA consumption and release the feedback inhibition, and tuning expression of the biosynthetic genes. Second, the midstream pathway was enhanced by increasing the supply of the precursors and the cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). More importantly, we observed that pyrE disruption may lead to metabolic disorder as indicated by the accumulation of large amount of acetate. This problem was solved by reducing the flux of glycolysis. With these efforts, the final strain produced 80.3 g/L OA with a yield of 0.56 g/g glucose in fed‐batch fermentation, which are the highest titer and yield reported so far. This work paves the way for industrial production of OA and represents as a good example of modulating cell metabolism for efficient chemical production.
Feasibility of transcaval access TAVI in morbidly obese patients: A single‐center experience
Authors: Michail Michael , Cockburn James , Tanseco Kristoffer Vincent P. , Arunothayaraj Sandeep , Hill Andrew , Trivedi Uday , Hildick‐Smith David 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe report a single‐center experience in utilizing the transcaval‐access transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) as an alternative approach in morbidly obese patients.BackgroundMorbidly obese patients present frequently for TAVI. Transfemoral arterial access TAVI in these patients is technically challenging due to deep arterial access, resulting in a higher risk of vascular complications. Transcaval access TAVI is increasingly used in patients with prohibitive iliofemoral arterial access.MethodsWe used the transcaval approach for eight morbidly obese patients who had otherwise technically feasible femoral arterial access. This technique provides an alternative arterial access point that potentially circumvents some of the challenges relating to femoral arterial access.ResultsWe report eight morbidly obese patients with a mean body mass index of 42.3 ± 6.2 kg/m2 who underwent transcaval access TAVI at our center (mean EuroScore II 2.47 ± 1.83%). The patient mean age was 70.3 ± 9.8 years; six were female. All eight patients underwent a successful and uncomplicated procedure. The median time to discharge was 2 days and all patients were alive at 30 days.ConclusionsTranscaval access TAVI is a feasible alternative for morbidly obese patients and may reduce vascular complications. Further data are required to evaluate the safety of this approach.
Right atrial structural remodeling predict worse outcomes in transcatheter mitral valve repair
Authors: Miller Matthew S. , Cutts Jamey , Donatelle Marissa , Shah Kajal , Abeya Fardous , Ashur Nicholas , Rojas Edward , Mehta Nishaki , Kwon Younghoon , Barber Anita , Afriyie Prince , Sodhi Nishtha , Lim Scott , Bilchick Kenneth , Mazimba Sula 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn the current study, we assess the predictive role of right and left atrial volume indices (RAVI and LAVI) as well as the ratio of RAVI/LAVI (RLR) on mortality following transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr).MethodsTransthoracic echocardiograms of 158 patients who underwent TMVr at a single academic medical center from 2011 to 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. RAVI and LAVI were calculated using Simpson's method. Patients were stratified based on etiology of mitral regurgitation (MR). Cox proportional‐hazard regression was created utilizing MR type, STS‐score, and RLR to assess the independent association of RLR with survival. Kaplan−Meier analysis was used to analyze the association between RAVI and LAVI with all‐cause mortality. Hemodynamic values from preprocedural right heart catheterization were also compared between RLR groups.ResultsAmong 123 patients included (median age 81.3 years; 52.5% female) there were 50 deaths during median follow‐up of 3.0 years. Patients with a high RAVI and low LAVI had significantly higher all‐cause mortality while patients with high LAVI and low RAVI had significantly improved all‐cause mortality compared to other groups (p = 0.0032). RLR was significantly associated with mortality in patients with both functional and degenerative MR (p = 0.0038). Finally, Cox proportion‐hazard modeling demonstrated that an elevated RLR above the median value was an independent predictor of all‐cause mortality [HR = 2.304; 95% CI = 1.26−4.21, p = 0.006] when MR type and STS score were accounted for.ConclusionPatients with a high RAVI and low LAVI had significantly increased mortality than other groups following TMVr suggesting RA remodeling may predict worse outcomes following the procedure. Concordantly, RLR was predictive of mortality independent of MR type and preprocedural STS‐score. These indices may provide additional risk stratification in patients undergoing evaluation for TMVr.
Depolarization of Li‐rich Mn‐based oxide via electrochemically active Prussian blue interface providing superior rate capability
Authors: Hao Youchen , Li Xifei , Liu Wen , Wang Jingjing , Shan Hui , Li Wenbin , Liu Xingjiang , Lin Liangxu , Wang Xianyou , Sun Xueliang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe high‐rate cyclability of Li‐rich Mn‐based oxide (LMO) is highly limited by the electrochemical polarization resulting from the slow kinetic of the Li2MnO3 phase. Herein, the Prussian blue (PB) coating layer with specific redox potential is introduced as a functionalized interface to overcome the side effect and the escaping of O on the surface of LMO, especially its poor rate capability. In detail, the PB layer can restrict the large polarization of LMO by sharing overloaded current at a high rate due to the synchronous redox of PB and LMO. Consequently, an enhanced high rate performance with capacity retention of 87.8% over 300 cycles is obtained, which is superior to 50.5% of the pristine electrode. Such strategies on the high‐rate cyclability of Li‐rich Mn‐based oxide compatible with good low‐rate performances may attract great attention for pursuing durable performances.
Selective Metal‐ion Complexation of a Biomimetic Calix[6]arene Funnel Cavity Functionalized with Phenol or Quinone
Authors: Aoun Pamela , Nyssen Nicolas , Richard Sarah , Zhurkin Fedor , Jabin Ivan , Colasson Benoit , Reinaud Olivia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the biomimetic context, many studies have evidenced the importance of the 1st and 2nd coordination sphere of a metal ion for controlling its properties. Here, we propose to evaluate a yet poorly explored aspect, which is the nature of the cavity that surrounds the metal labile site. Three calix[6]arene‐based aza‐ligands are compared, that differ only by the nature of cavity walls, anisole, phenol or quinone (LOMe, LOH and LQ). Monitoring ligand exchange of their ZnII complexes evidenced important differences in the metal ion relative affinities for nitriles, halides or carboxylates. It also showed a possible sharp kinetic control on both, metal ion binding and ligand exchange. Hence, this study supports the observations reported on biological systems, highlighting that the substitution of an amino‐acid residue of the enzyme active site, at remote distance of the metal ion, can have strong impacts on metal ion lability, substrate/product exchange or selectivity.
Construction and analysis of a Pseudomonas‐Saccharomyces microbial consortium for mcl‐PHA production from xylose and octanoate
Authors: Wei Zixiang , Zhu Yinzhuang , Ai Mingmei , Liu Chang , Jia Xiaoqiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMicrobial consortia have great potential for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) due to their comprehensive capability. In this study, a microbial consortium consisting of Pseudomonas putida NBRC14164 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae SyBE_Sc01020078 was constructed where xylose was converted into nutrients utilizable to P. putida by S. cerevisiae to realize the production of medium‐chain‐length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl‐PHAs) from xylose and octanoate, followed by a preliminary analysis of the interaction between the two strains. The optimal inoculation ratio consisted of 1% P. putida and 10% S. cerevisiae, and both strains exhibited the highest PHA production at their mid‐exponential phase. The two microorganisms were grown in a mineral salt medium with xylose and octanoate as substrates without washing and cultured at 200 rpm. The mcl‐PHA titre of this consortium was 295.7 mg/L, which was 150% higher than that of P. putida in pure culture. Metabolites analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry revealed metabolic communication between P. putida and S. cerevisiae, whereby the former provided histidine, methionine, and leucine for the latter, while the latter converted xylose into lactic acid, which is a more accessible carbon source for the former.
Hypochlorite Detection by Fluorescent Sensors Bearing Long Alkyl Chains: The Role of Chain Length in Sensing Properties
Authors: Yang Yuan , Li Zhao , Dong Fenghao , Lv Jiawei , Han Bingyang , Sun Yuqing , Lu Huiming , Lei Ziqiang , Ma Hengchang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThree pyridinium derivatives bearing alkyl chains of different lengths (C1, C8, and C18) that show aggregation‐enhanced emission were synthesized. These compounds can be used to detect ClO− ion as the reaction releases the fluorescent core with an increase in emission intensity and change in absorption wavelength. The lowest detection limit of TPA‐Pyr‐18C was 6.04 μM. The length of the alkyl chain and resulting lipophilicity allowed the targeting of different subcellular structures. TPA‐Pyr‐18C could be used for staining yolk lipids in zebrafish.
Adherence to individualized recall intervals for oral health examinations
Authors: Haukka Anna , Kaila Minna , Haukka Jari , Heikkinen Anna M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this follow‐up study was to investigate whether adults attend an oral health examination (OHE) based on their individual recall interval (IRI) without a reminder recall system.MethodsThe study population included adults who were attending an OHE recommended by their dentists based on their IRI in public oral healthcare clinics of Helsinki City January 1, 2009−December 31, 2009. The inclusion criteria were as follows: alive until the end of IRI, length of the IRI of 12–60 months, and study participants had not been treated successfully by a dental specialist during the IRI period (n = 41,255). We used a multinomial model to identify the factors associated with the timing of OHE. The following predictors were included: oral health indices such as Decayed Teeth and the Community Periodontal Index, the length of the IRI based on an OHE in 2009, age, gender, socioeconomic status, presence of chronic diseases, and emergency appointment. Results were presented as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals.ResultsThe OHE based on IRI occurred for 7505 individuals (18.2%) and the OHE was late for 9159 individuals (22.2%). A total of 24,591 (59.6%) adults did not undergo follow‐up OHE based on the IRI period of on time or late. Those who came on time for follow‐up OHE experienced less caries than those who came later. There was not much difference in periodontal health between the groups. The models indicated that having an emergency appointment was associated with a higher probability of having an OHE. A long IRI (37–60 months) was associated with a higher probability of not participating in OHE even late.ConclusionsIt would be beneficial for patients to take appointments based on the recall interval. The results of this study indicated that more needs to be done to increase awareness in the adult population of the benefits and availability of follow‐up OHEs based on their IRI in oral healthcare.
Political drivers of policy coherence for sustainable development: An analytical framework
Authors: Shawoo Zoha , Maltais Aaron , Dzebo Adis , Pickering Jonathan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractProminent conceptualizations of policy coherence for sustainable development focus primarily on the roles of intra‐governmental policy processes and institutional interactions in shaping coherence between various agendas and policies. These technocratic understandings of coherence overlook the more political drivers of coherence, such as the vested interests or ideologies that may encourage or hinder efforts to achieve coherence. This paper addresses this gap by drawing on the comparative politics literature to facilitate a political understanding of policy coherence. It introduces an analytical framework hypothesizing how ideas, institutions, and interests (the three I's) may influence policy coherence at different policy stages. As such, it includes measures of how policy coherence is applied by different actors and institutions, and whose ideas and interests may be served by pursuing or not pursuing coherence. This article provides an example of how the framework can be applied to study policy coherence between two prominent international agendas: Agenda 2030 (incorporating the Sustainable Development Goals) and the Paris Agreement. Overall, the paper argues that the three I's influence policy options and shape the ambition and importance given to different agendas, goals and actors in pursuing or resisting policy coherence. This framework is suited for assessing the political divers of policy coherence through being applied to empirical data at global or national levels.
Pleural CD14+ monocytes/macrophages of healthy adolescents show a high expression of metallothionein family genes
Authors: Schukfeh Nagoud , Liu Bin , DeLuca David S. , Tumpara Srinu , Nikolin Christoph , Immenschuh Stephan , Ure Benno M. , Kuebler Joachim F. , Welte Tobias , Viemann Dorothee , Janciauskiene Sabina M. , Vieten Gertrud 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNowadays laparoscopic interventions enable the collection of resident macrophage populations out of the human cavities. We employed this technique to isolate pleural monocytes/macrophages from healthy young adults who underwent a correction of pectus excavatum. High quality CD14+ monocytes/macrophages (plMo/Mφ) were used for RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq) in comparison with human monocyte‐derived macrophages (MDM) natural (MDM‐0) or IL‐4‐polarized (MDM‐IL4). Transcriptome analysis revealed 7166 and 7076 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in plMo/Mφ relative to natural MDM‐0 and polarized MDM‐IL4, respectively. The gene set enrichment analysis, which was used to compare RNA‐seq data from plMo/Mφ with single‐cell (scRNA‐seq) data online from human bronchial lavage macrophages, showed that plMo/Mφs are characterized by a high expression of genes belonging to the metallothionein (MT) family, and that the expression of these genes is significantly higher in plMo/Mφ than in MDM‐0 or MDM‐IL4. Our results provide additional insights on high MTs‐expressing macrophage subsets, which seem to be present not only in bronchial lavage of healthy adults or in pleural exudates of lung cancer patients but also in pleural fluid of healthy young adults. Macrophage subsets expressing high MTs may have specific roles in lung defense, repair, and homeostasis, and require further investigations.
Synthetic Exploration of Novel Sulfamoyl Cyanide N‐Oxides in Heterocycle Synthesis
Authors: Krivovicheva Vasilisa , Bubyrev Andrey , Kalinin Stanislav , Dar'in Dmitry , Krasavin Mikhail 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTreatment of CH‐diazomethane sulfonamides with tert‐butyl nitrite produces novel sulfamoyl cyanide N‐oxides which dimerize to form furoxanes. When the reaction is performed in the presence of a dipolarophile, an olefin or an alkyne, dipolar cycloaddition takes place to deliver isoxazolines or isoxazoles, respectively.
How opposing ideological groups use online interactions to justify and mobilise collective action
Authors: Brown Olivia , Lowery Catherine , Smith Laura G. E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this pre‐registered study was to investigate how different ideological groups justified and mobilised collective action online. We collected 6878 posts from the social media accounts of pro‐Black Lives Matter (n = 13) and anti‐Black Lives Matter (n = 9) groups who promoted collective action in the month after George Floyd's murder and the Black Lives Matter (BLM) protests and counter‐protests. We used content analysis and natural language processing (NLP) to analyse the content and psychological function of the posts. We found that both groups perceived their action as ‘system‐challenging’, with pro‐BLM accounts focused more on outgroup actions to mobilise collective action, and anti‐BLM accounts focused more on ingroup identity. The reverse pattern occurred when the accounts were attempting to justify action. The implications are that groups’ ideology and socio‐structural position should be accounted for when understanding differences in how and why groups mobilise through online interactions.