bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
765 EFFECTIVENESS OF AROMATHERAPY IN MANAGING BEHAVIOURAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS OF DEMENTIA: A MIXED METHODS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Li B S Y , Chan C W H , Wong I K Y , Yu Y H U , Li M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Over 90% older persons with dementia (PWD) exhibit behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) during their illness, which is the most prominent and distressing manifestation for PWD and caregivers. Aromatherapy has demonstrated its effectiveness in BPSD management in previous studies. However, previous studies and systematic reviews have shown inconsistent findings, and no review has been done on qualitative studies. The aim of this review was to identify and review the evidence from quantitative and qualitative studies of the effectiveness of aromatherapy on BPSD management, for PWD and caregivers.

Methods
Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for mixed method systematic review with convergent segregated approach was followed. 28 English and Chinese databases were searched for published and unpublished studies. The titles, abstracts, and full-texts were screened by two reviewers based on pre-specified criteria, and methodological quality was assessed with JBI critical appraisal tools. Quantitative synthesis including meta-analysis by Review Manager 5.4, qualitative synthesis including meta-aggregation, and integration of both evidence were performed.

Results
Total 8,264 articles were retrieved. After screening, 24 studies (12 randomised controlled trials, 10 quasi-experimental studies, 2 qualitative studies) were included. Most of the studies with moderate methodological quality. Some inconsistent findings regarding the effectiveness of aromatherapy in reducing the severity of BPSD, and insufficient adherence monitoring were reported in the included studies. Significant improvement in PWD’s QoL and caregivers’ distress and burden, positive experience from the caregivers, as well as very low adverse effects (and no adverse effect for aromatherapy inhalation) to PWD were reported in some of the studies.

Conclusion
Aromatherapy, especially in inhalation approach, might be regarded as a potentially safe and effective strategy for BPSD management with positive effects to PWD and caregivers. More structuralised and comparable studies with sufficient sample size and adherence monitoring are needed to obtain more conclusive findings.
707 RESEARCH PRIORITIES FOR PREHOSPITAL CARE OF OLDER PATIENTS WITH INJURIES: SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Harthi N , Goodacre S , Sampson F , Alharbi R 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction
The use of ambulance services by older patients with injuries increases within the impacts of ageing-related changes leading to adverse patient outcomes. There is increasing recognition of the importance of prehospital trauma care for older patients, but little systematic research to guide practice. We aimed to review the published evidence on prehospital trauma care for older patients, determine the scope of existing research and identify research gaps in the literature.

Methods
A systematic scoping review guided by the Arksey and O’Malley framework reported in line with the PRISMA-ScR checklist. A systematic search was conducted of Scopus, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed and Cochrane library databases to identify articles published between (2001–2021) years. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied independently by two reviewers. Data were extracted, charted and summarised from eligible articles.

Results
65 studies were identified and reviewed, and 25 included. Five categories were identified: ‘field triage, “ageing impacts”, ‘decision-making’, ‘paramedic’ awareness’ and ‘paramedic’s behaviour’. Undertriage & overtriage (sensitivity & specificity) were commonly cited as poorly investigated field-triage subthemes. Ageing-related physiologic changes, comorbidities and polypharmacy were the most widely researched. Inaccurate decision-making and poor early identification of major injuries were identified as potentially influencing patient outcomes. More research is required into paramedic knowledge of geriatric care & ageing changes and the potential impact of paramedic care.

Conclusion
This is the first study reviewing the published evidence on prehospital trauma care for older patients and identifying research priorities for future research. This review has identified the prehospital triage for older trauma victims and studies of paramedic knowledge of older trauma care as key priorities. Investigating and understanding these can improve providing prehospital trauma care of older patients.
664 EXPLORING THE FEASIBILITY OF THE INTERRAI CHECK-UP FORM (SELF-REPORTED) IN OLDER PEOPLE LIVING WITH FRAILTY IN THE COMMUNITY
Authors: Rajpara M K , Wilson C , Gordon A L , Cowley A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Identifying the holistic needs of community dwelling older people is an essential component of clinical care. Current assessment instruments are limited by a narrow medical view and varied language use, referring to identical clinical concepts in different ways. The interRAI family of assessments have been designed to integrate health information across multiple settings. The interRAI Check-Up (Self-Reported) was designed to support the management of older adults with multi-morbidities in the community setting but has not yet been widely tested in clinical practice in the United Kingdom.

Objectives
To investigate the extent to which the self-reported interRAI Check-Up tool could be used to assess older patients within the NHS.

Methods
Patients attending two outpatient clinics were recruited to complete the interRAI Check-Up which comprised of 109 items. Time taken for tool completion and prompts needed were recorded. Patient and individual item completion rates were calculated and assessed for floor or ceiling effects. Patient views on completing the tool were collected as field notes. Clinic staff completed a questionnaire exploring their views of the tool. Thematic analysis was carried out on patient and staff data.

Results
From 43 patient participants, the median time for tool completion was 25 minutes. The median patient completion rate was 96.6% and item completion rate was 97.1%. Of 105 analysed items, 55 items showed a ceiling or floor effect. The tool was found to comprehensively cover holistic needs but its length and complexity of structure was found to be a barrier during busy clinical practice.

Conclusion
The Self-reported interRAI Check-Up tool was found to be feasible for use in the outpatient setting. Further research into which patient groups and locations would benefit most is recommended as well as how to practically implement the assessment into clinical practice within the NHS.
Early American Drama Beyond the Script: The Blockade of Boston and the Ancillary Archive
Authors: Klimasmith Betsy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Although eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century Americans encountered drama at least as often as other literary forms, situating the plays they saw in literary scholarship has proven to be a challenge. Because so few remain, complete playscripts offer only a taste of the period’s strange and varied repertoire. Many plays exist only as traces: fragments of scripts, playbills, songs, broadsides, and account books for theater companies that hint at the details of productions they staged. Focusing on the strange case of General John Burgoyne’s play, The Boston Blockade, which lacks an extant script, and the archive surrounding its aborted 1776 performance in Faneuil Hall, this article proposes choric reading as a method that connects performance theory to work by literary historians Caroline Wigginton, Derrick Spires, and Matt Cohen that expands our sense of what constitutes a literary text in the early US. Reimagining the performative elements of staged plays and of the print archive opens even scriptless plays to current readers and makes a provocative and understudied archive accessible to literary scholars.
The unusual archive surrounding The Blockade of Boston . . . demonstrate[s] how choric reading bridges . . . the scenario and . . . the publication event, allowing us to enter the world of a play through its archive and resituate its work despite a missing script.
Risk factors and early cardiovascular outcomes in cancer patients treated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy in Tanzania: a protocol for a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Vicent Bankanie , Meda John , Ngoma Mamsau , Wan Li , Yinglan Li 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The objective of this quasi-experimental study is to assess the risk factors and early cardiovascular outcomes in cancer patients treated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy in Tanzania. The study will be conducted at Ocean Road Cancer Institute in Dar es salaam, Tanzania. The study will have three phases: baseline survey, follow-up, and end-line survey. Participants will be newly diagnosed adult cancer patients who are eligible for anthracycline-based chemotherapy. A total of 427 participants will be involved. At baseline, participants will be evaluated for the cardiovascular risk factors before commencing chemotherapy. During follow-up, participants will commence their prescribed anthracycline and the cardiovascular indices monitored throughout until the patient completes the prescribed anthracycline cycles. After completing the prescribed anthracycline cycles, an end line survey will be conducted to evaluate any change in cardiovascular indices. The outcome variable in this study will be the change in biochemical data (high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, and troponin I), blood pressure, and electrocardiographic information (heart rate and Bazett QT interval). Independent variables will be demographic characteristics, risk factors for cardiovascular disorders, current dietary practices, and body mass index. Descriptive statistics will be used to describe the participants. Independent and paired t-tests will be performed to make comparisons between and within groups. P-values &lt;0.05 will be considered statistically significant. The results of this study will help clinicians and policymakers to understand the burden of early cardiovascular outcomes and plan for appropriate preventive strategies.
Applications of tetrahedral DNA nanostructures in wound repair and tissue regeneration
Authors: Dou Yikai , Cui Weitong , Yang Xiao , Lin Yunfeng , Ma Xiaohong , Cai Xiaoxiao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) are molecules with a pyramidal structure formed by folding four single strands of DNA based on the principle of base pairing. Although DNA has polyanionic properties, the special spatial structure of TDNs allows them to penetrate the cell membrane without the aid of transfection agents in a caveolin-dependent manner and enables them to participate in the regulation of cellular processes without obvious toxic side effects. Because of their stable spatial structure, TDNs resist the limitations imposed by nuclease activity and innate immune responses to DNA. In addition, TDNs have good editability and biocompatibility, giving them great advantages for biomedical applications. Previous studies have found that TDNs have a variety of biological properties, including promoting cell migration, proliferation and differentiation, as well as having anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-infective and immune regulation capabilities. Moreover, we confirmed that TDNs can promote the regeneration and repair of skin, blood vessels, muscles and bone tissues. Based on these findings, we believe that TDNs have broad prospects for application in wound repair and regeneration. This article reviews recent progress in TDN research and its applications.
Dynamic change of mitral regurgitation after myocardial reverse remodelling: a case report
Authors: Morioka Mami , Takashio Seiji , Fukui Toshihiro , Tsujita Kenichi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Chronic mitral regurgitation can be primary (degenerative) or secondary (functional); each has its own aetiology, treatment approach, and prognosis. A combination of the two types of regurgitation can lead to unexpected haemodynamic changes.

Case summary
A 72-year-old woman presented to our hospital with dyspnoea on exertion, moist cough, and orthopnoea. At admission, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) findings revealed severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, dilation of the left ventricle and left atrium, mild mitral regurgitation with prolapse of the posterior leaflet, and bilateral leaflet tethering. She was diagnosed with idiopathic cardiomyopathy with mild mitral regurgitation. After compensation of heart failure, angiotensin-receptor blocker and beta-blocker treatment were initiated, and the dose was subsequently titrated. At 7 months after initiating medical therapy, TTE showed significant improvement of the left ventricular ejection fraction, disappearance of left ventricular dilation (reverse remodelling), and mitral valve tethering. However, posterior leaflet prolapse became apparent, and mitral regurgitation blowing became more severe. Chordal lengthening, leaflet thickening, and degeneration were observed, but there were no ruptured chordae. Successful surgical repair of the mitral and tricuspid valves was performed.

Discussion
In this unusual mitral regurgitation case, the regurgitation worsened following an improvement of cardiac function due to the loss of tethering from a reduction of the left ventricular diameter and an increase in closing force by increasing the left ventricular contractile force. Eventually, mitral regurgitation prolapse became apparent. Therefore, we should consider that reverse remodelling may exacerbate mitral regurgitation.
How Pronounced is the U-Curve? Revisiting Income Inequality in the United States, 1917–60
Authors: Geloso Vincent J , Magness Phillip , Moore John , Schlosser Philip 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPiketty and Saez (2003) found a pronounced U-curve pattern of American income inequality since 1917, displaying a precipitous decline during World War II to a level that would hold until 1980. We offer revisions to their income inequality estimates prior to 1960 with three important findings. First, Piketty and Saez overstate inequality levels in this period. Second, the decline during World War II was smaller than depicted. Third, the Great Depression, rather than World War II, played the more significant role. These findings indicate a need to re-evaluate commonly held assumptions about the evolution of inequality during the period of the ‘great levelling’, as well as the nature of its posited relationship to tax policy.
Economic, environmental and energy analysis of the utilization of renewable energy based on Analytic Hierarchy Process: a case study
Authors: Mohammadi-Aylar Salam Ollah , Almassi Morteza , Bakhoda Hossein 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Due to the growing reduction of fossil fuels and, on the other hand, the emission of pollution due to the use of these fuels, renewable energy is a very good alternative to produce the required energy. In the meantime, wind and solar energy are very important due to simple technology and production of energy with high capacities. To make the best use of renewable energy, the first step is to measure the potential of the studied areas using the analytic hierarchy process method. To do this, economically influential variables (investment, maintenance costs, energy costs, revenue, rate of return on investment) and environmental variables (global impact (greenhouse gases), regional pollution, health) for utilization of renewable energy (solar, wind, biomass) were studied in eight cities of Ardabil province. The combined system of photovoltaic cell with wind turbine in Ardabil city makes it the most prone area in the province with a return on investment of 2.61 yr. The amount of energy produced for this region is 47944 kW hr/yr.
Analytic Continuation of Concrete Realizations and the McCarthy Champagne Conjecture
Authors: Bickel Kelly , Pascoe J E , Tully-Doyle Ryan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we give formulas that allow one to move between transfer function type realizations of multi-variate Schur, Herglotz, and Pick functions, without adding additional singularities except perhaps poles coming from the conformal transformation itself. In the two-variable commutative case, we use a canonical de Branges–Rovnyak model theory to obtain concrete realizations that analytically continue through the boundary for inner functions that are rational in one of the variables (so-called quasi-rational functions). We then establish a positive solution to McCarthy’s Champagne conjecture for local to global matrix monotonicity in the settings of both two-variable quasi-rational functions and $d$-variable perspective functions.
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole and comparator antibiotics against contemporary European isolates (2016–19)
Authors: Canton Rafael , Hamed Kamal , Wiktorowicz Tatiana , Redder Nowel , Jemmely Noelle , Quevedo Juan , Santerre Henriksen Anne 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the susceptibility to ceftobiprole of clinical bacterial isolates obtained from hospitalized patients in Europe.

Methods
A total of 20 000 non-duplicate bacterial isolates were collected in 2016–19 from patients with documented infections at medical centres located in 17 countries in Europe. Bacterial identification was confirmed and susceptibility to ceftobiprole and comparator agents was tested using the EUCAST broth microdilution methodology and interpretive criteria by a central microbiology laboratory.

Results
Of the 20 000 isolates, 10 007 (50.0%) were Gram-positive and 9993 (50.0%) were Gram-negative. The most common species was Staphylococcus aureus (35.0%), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (15.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.0%), Escherichia coli (9.7%) and Haemophilus influenzae (3.0%). Overall, 99.7% (6981/7000) of S. aureus, including 99.5% (3483/3502) of MRSA, 97.8% (2941/3007) of S. pneumoniae, 100% (605/605) of H. influenzae and 76.3% (5492/7197) of Enterobacterales isolates were susceptible to ceftobiprole. Susceptibility to ceftobiprole was higher for isolates from northern and western Europe as compared with eastern and southern Europe.

Conclusions
Ceftobiprole continues to exhibit potent and broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative clinical isolates from Europe, and as expected, with a slight north-to-south and west-to-east susceptibility gradient.
58 Development of Forage Establishment and Management Educational Resources for Alabama Farmers
Authors: Silva Liliane , Mullenix Kim , Dillard Leanne L , Vasco Carol M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Forage-based livestock production systems are one of the largest economic drivers for agriculture in the southern USA. There is a strong reliance on forages as the primary feed source due to favorable climatic conditions and wide range of adapted species. Increasing population growth and urbanization has exacerbated the need to enhance productivity per land through improved management strategies of forage systems. An increase in the number of beginning farmers seeking forage-based livestock systems management information has exacerbated educators to improve educational resources available to reach a wide spectrum of Extension clientele. Resources created by the Alabama Cooperative Extension System (ACES) include a new online course, Forage Basics, which was released in September 2021 to provide a broad overview of concepts as forages, soils, weed and insect management in the Southeast region. A sister resource, the Alabama Forages Handbook, was also developed and provides more detailed information on similar topics. This printed resource will serve as a reference guide and curriculum base resource for Extension educators in the Alabama to hold associated trainings. A one-day in-service training was conducted with county and regional extension agents in Alabama to evaluate perceptions of these resources and potential use in Extension programming. There was a 55 % response rate (n = 20 respondents). Using a Likert scale, most respondents indicated that they are very likely to integrate both the coursework (55%) and the handbook (64%) into their programming activities in the next year, and that they often refer to the ACES resources to support their program. Suggested topics for resources included forage system for other animal categories and expansion of some of the forages topics. This information will support upcoming efforts to develop new resources statewide and expand the content for associated trainings to the handbook.
137 Application of Performance Metrics to Evaluate Cow Performance: A Collaboration of the Alabama Beef Cattle Improvement Association and the Alabama Cooperative Extension System
Authors: Elmore Michelle F , Mullenix Kim 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Beef cattle producers engaged in the Alabama Beef Cattle Improvement Association (BCIA) Commercial Record Keeping Program are encouraged to expand records for evaluation of whole herd performance. Collection of cow weight at calf weaning can be used as a metric to estimate cow performance for overall productivity. From 2019 to 2021, five beef cattle operations annually collected individual cow weight at calf weaning (n = 284 observations). Cow age was classified as 2 to 4 years old, 5 to 8 years old and 9 years and older. Cow weight was classified into three categories as small (1199 lb or less), moderate (1200 to 1499 lb) or large (1500 lb or greater). Average cow weight per category was small 1108 lb (n = 37), moderate 1353 lb (n = 180) and large 1605 lb (n = 67). Within each age range and size category, cow performance was measured by average calving interval, average calf adjusted weaning weight and percentage cow body weight weaned. For 2 to 4 years old, average calving interval was 18 days longer between small to moderate categories and 96 days longer between moderate to large categories. For 5 years of age and older, modest impact on average calving interval due to an increase in body weight was observed (3 to 7 days small to moderate; 19 to 8 days moderate to large). Across all ages, moderate impact on average calf adjusted weaning weight due to cow weight was reflected (19, 38, 43 lb. small to moderate; 37, 27, 37 lb. moderate to large). As cow age and weight increases, percentage of cow body weight weaned decreases (2 to 4 years 57%, 48%, 42%; 5 to 8 years 50%, 45% 40%; 9 years 47%, 44% 39%). In summary, measuring cow weight at calf weaning enhances genetic and management practices to illustrate and improve cow herd productivity.