bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective targeting of breast cancer stem cells by combined inhibition of Sam68 and Rad51
Authors: Turdo Alice , Gaggianesi Miriam , Di Franco Simone , Veschi Veronica , D’Accardo Caterina , Porcelli Gaetana , Lo Iacono Melania , Pillitteri Irene , Verona Francesco , Militello Gabriella , Zippo Alessio , Poli Vittoria , Fagnocchi Luca , Beyes Sven , Stella Stefania , Lattanzio Rossano , Faldetta Naida , Lentini Vincenzo L. , Porcasi Rossana , Pistone Giuseppe , Bongiorno Maria Rita , Stassi Giorgio , De Maria Ruggero , Todaro Matilde 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is the second cause of cancer-related deceases in the worldwide female population. Despite the successful treatment advances, 25% of BC develops resistance to current therapeutic regimens, thereby remaining a major hurdle for patient management. Current therapies, targeting the molecular events underpinning the adaptive resistance, still require effort to improve BC treatment. Using BC sphere cells (BCSphCs) as a model, here we showed that BC stem-like cells express high levels of Myc, which requires the presence of the multifunctional DNA/RNA binding protein Sam68 for the DNA-damage repair. Analysis of a cohort of BC patients displayed that Sam68 is an independent negative factor correlated with the progression of the disease. Genetic inhibition of Sam68 caused a defect in PARP-induced PAR chain synthesis upon DNA-damaging insults, resulting in cell death of TNBC cells. In contrast, BC stem-like cells were able to survive due to an upregulation of Rad51. Importantly, the inhibition of Rad51 showed synthetic lethal effect with the silencing of Sam68, hampering the cell viability of patient-derived BCSphCs and stabilizing the growth of tumor xenografts, including those TNBC carrying BRCA mutation. Moreover, the analysis of Myc, Sam68 and Rad51 expression demarcated a signature of a poor outcome in a large cohort of BC patients. Thus, our findings suggest the importance of targeting Sam68-PARP1 axis and Rad51 as potential therapeutic candidates to counteract the expansion of BC cells with an aggressive phenotype.
The novel genus, ‘Candidatus Phosphoribacter’, previously identified as Tetrasphaera, is the dominant polyphosphate accumulating lineage in EBPR wastewater treatment plants worldwide
Authors: Singleton C M , Petriglieri F , Wasmund K , Nierychlo M , Kondrotaite Z , Petersen J F , Peces M , Dueholm M S , Wagner M , Nielsen P H 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The bacterial genus Tetrasphaera encompasses abundant polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) that are responsible for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) in wastewater treatment plants. Recent analyses of genomes from pure cultures revealed that 16S rRNA genes cannot resolve the lineage, and that Tetrasphaera spp. are from several different genera within the Dermatophilaceae. Here, we examine 14 recently recovered high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes from wastewater treatment plants containing full-length 16S rRNA genes identified as Tetrasphaera, 11 of which belong to the uncultured Tetrasphaera clade 3. We find that this clade represents two distinct genera, named here Ca. Phosphoribacter and Ca. Lutibacillus, and reveal that the widely used model organism Tetrasphaera elongata is less relevant for physiological predictions of this uncultured group. Ca. Phosphoribacter incorporates species diversity unresolved at the 16S rRNA gene level, with the two most abundant and often co-occurring species encoding identical V1-V3 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequence variants but different metabolic capabilities, and possibly, niches. Both Ca. P. hodrii and Ca. P. baldrii were visualised using fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH), and PAO capabilities were confirmed with FISH-Raman microspectroscopy and phosphate cycling experiments. Ca. Phosphoribacter represents the most abundant former Tetrasphaera lineage and PAO in EPBR systems in Denmark and globally.
Cathepsin F and Fibulin-1 as novel diagnostic biomarkers for brain metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wei Song , Liu Wenwen , Xu Mingxin , Qin Huamin , Liu Chang , Zhang Rui , Zhou Sihai , Li Encheng , Liu Zhiyu , Wang Qi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The lack of non-invasive methods for detection of early micro-metastasis is a major cause of the poor prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) brain metastasis (BM) patients. Herein, we aimed to identify circulating biomarkers based on proteomics for the early diagnosis and monitoring of patients with NSCLC BM.

Methods
Upregulated proteins were detected by secretory proteomics in the animal-derived high brain metastatic lung cancer cell line. A well-designed study composed of three independent cohorts was then performed to verify these blood-based protein biomarkers: the serum discovery and verification cohorts (n = 80; n = 459), and the tissue verification cohort (n = 76). Logistic regression was used to develop a diagnostic biomarker panel. Model validation cohort (n = 160) was used to verify the stability of the constructed predictive model. Changes in serum Cathepsin F (CTSF) levels of patients were tracked to monitor the treatment response. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analysed to assess their prognostic relevance.

Results
CTSF and Fibulin-1 (FBLN1) levels were specifically upregulated in sera and tissues of patients with NSCLC BM compared with NSCLC without BM and primary brain tumour. The combined diagnostic performance of CTSF and FBLN1 was superior to their individual ones. CTSF serum changes were found to reflect the therapeutic response of patients with NSCLC BM and the trends of progression were detected earlier than the magnetic resonance imaging changes. Elevated expression of CTSF in NSCLC BM tissues was associated with poor PFS, and was found to be an independent prognostic factor.

Conclusions
We report a novel blood-based biomarker panel for early diagnosis, monitoring of therapeutic response, and prognostic evaluation of patients with NSCLC BM.
Rapid mold-free fabrication of long functional PDMS fibers
Authors: Lee Jeong Hui , Lim Taekyung , Seo Keumyoung , Park Jeeyin , Yang Jonguk , Jeong Sang-Mi , Ju Sanghyun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), an optically transparent and inert material, is widely used in biological and semiconductor applications owing to its excellent chemical stability and moldability. This study proposes a thermally induced wet spinning method for the fabrication of long PDMS fibers with a constant width. PDMS is a thermoset polymer that undergoes chemical crosslinking when heated, and the thermally induced wet spinning process allows for the formation of fibers without a mold. A rapid thermal curing step was used to instantly solidify the thermoset polymer, where immediate chemical crosslinking of fluid PDMS solution was achieved upon contact with an oil coagulation bath at 180–230 °C. A rapid stretching process was applied to pull out and control the width of the fiber, and the PDMS was stretched at a rate of 1.2–12.5 m/min during the crosslinking process. The fabricated pristine PDMS fibers were transparent and maintained a crosslinked network with excellent mechanical strength. In addition, the PDMS fibers were functionalized with silica nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and pores to adjust their transparency/opacity, conductivity, and heat insulation properties, respectively, for various applications. The proposed thermally induced wet spinning method shows promise for overcoming the limitations of existing molding methods, in which the PDMS fibers cannot be lengthened. Furthermore, the process is environmentally friendly and economical owing to the use of edible canola oil, which reduces the volume of harmful solvents and additives during fiber production.
Recent trends in the development of hydrogel therapeutics for the treatment of central nervous system disorders
Authors: Li Qing , Shao Xinxin , Dai Xianglin , Guo Qiong , Yuan Bolei , Liu Ying , Jiang Wei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe central nervous system (CNS) controls the acquisition and processing of peripheral information to manage the behaviors of organisms. CNS disorders, including CNS injuries, neurodegenerative diseases, and brain tumors, are devastating and can cause life-long disabilities. Despite the advanced medical interventions in the modern era of biomedical technology, noninvasive therapeutic strategies are still limited for the prevention or reversal of disease progression. Such scarcity is mainly caused by intricate pathological mechanisms and the unique biological microenvironment of the CNS. Thus, the development of a carrier that promotes the delivery of therapeutic agents into the brain is vital. Hydrogels, as a synthetic or natural platform with a porous three-dimensional structure, can be applied as desirable drug delivery vehicles and cell transportation platforms. This review focuses on the most recent advancements in hydrogel-based therapies for the treatment of CNS disorders, including brain injury, spinal cord injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and brain tumors.
Missense mutation of MAL causes a rare leukodystrophy similar to Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
Authors: Elpidorou Marilena , Poulter James A. , Szymanska Katarzyna , Baron Wia , Junger Katrin , Boldt Karsten , Ueffing Marius , Green Lydia , Livingston John H. , Sheridan Eammon G. , Johnson Colin A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLeukodystrophies are a heterogenous group of genetic disorders, characterised by abnormal development of cerebral white matter. Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease is caused by mutations inPLP1, encoding major myelin-resident protein required for myelin sheath assembly. We report a missense variant p.(Ala109Asp) inMALas causative for a rare, hypomyelinating leukodystrophy similar to Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease.MALencodes a membrane proteolipid that directly interacts with PLP1, ensuring correct distribution during myelin assembly. In contrast to wild-type MAL, mutant MAL was retained in the endoplasmic reticulum but was released following treatment with 4-phenylbutyrate. Proximity-dependent identification of wild-type MAL interactants implicated post-Golgi vesicle-mediated protein transport and protein localisation to membranes, whereas mutant MAL interactants suggested unfolded protein responses. Our results suggest that mislocalisation of MAL affects PLP1 distribution, consistent with known pathomechanisms for hypomyelinating leukodystrophies.
Real life experience with the wearable cardioverter-defibrillator in an international multicenter Registry
Authors: El-Battrawy Ibrahim , Kovacs Boldizsar , Dreher Tobias C. , Klein Norbert , Rosenkaimer Stephanie , Röger Susanne , Kuschyk Jürgen , Saguner Ardan Muammer , Kowitz Jacqueline , Erath Julia W. , Duru Firat , Akin Ibrahim 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPatients at high risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD) may benefit from wearable cardioverter defibrillators (WCD) by avoiding immediate implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation. Different factors play an important role including patient selection, compliance and optimal drug treatment. We aimed to present real world data from 4 centers from Germany and Switzerland. Between 04/2012 and 03/2019, 708 patients were included in this registry. Patients were followed up over a mean time of 28 ± 35.5 months. Outcome data including gender differences and different etiologies of cardiomyopathy were analyzed. Out of 708 patients (81.8% males, mean age 61.0 ± 14.6), 44.6% of patients had non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, 39.8% ischemic cardiomyopathy, 7.9% myocarditis, 5.4% prior need for ICD explantation and 2.1% channelopathy. The mean wear time of WCD was 21.2 ± 4.3 h per day. In 46% of patients, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was > 35% during follow-up. The younger the patient was, the higher the LVEF and the lower the wear hours per day were. The total shock rate during follow-up was 2.7%. Whereas an appropriate WCD shock was documented in 16 patients (2.2%), 3 patients received an inappropriate ICD shock (0.5%). During follow-up, implantation of a cardiac implantable electronic device was carried out in 34.5% of patients. When comparing German patients (n = 516) to Swiss patients (n = 192), Swiss patients presented with longer wear days (70.72 ± 49.47 days versus 58.06 ± 40.45 days; p = 0.001) and a higher ICD implantation rate compared to German patients (48.4% versus 29.3%; p = 0.001), although LVEF at follow-up was similar between both groups. Young age is a negative independent predictor for the compliance in this large registry. The most common indication for WCD was non-ischemic cardiomyopathy followed by ischemic cardiomyopathy. The compliance rate was generally high with a decrease of wear hours per day at younger age. Slight differences were found between Swiss and German patients, which might be related to differences in mentality for ICD implantation.
Distribution and safety assessment of heavy metals in fresh meat from Zhejiang, China
Authors: Han Jian Long , Pan Xiao Dong , Chen Qing 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThere are increasing concerns on heavy metals in animal derived foods. We analyzed the levels of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, and Pb in 1066 fresh meat samples including pork, beef, mutton, chicken and duck from Zhejiang province, southeast China. The average levels of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, and Pb were 0.018, 0.002, 0.061, 0.801, 0.0038, 0.055, and 0.029 mg/kg wet weight respectively. There are significant positive correlations among Cd, Hg and Pb (P < 0.05) and negative correlations for Cu–Pb or Cu–Cd (P < 0.05). The exposure assessment showed that the health risk to humans by consuming these meat products was relatively low. However, regular monitoring of heavy metals in meat products is still recommended considering their intensive industrial activities.
Numerical simulation of bioconvective Darcy Forchhemier nanofluid flow with energy transition over a permeable vertical plate
Authors: Algehyne Ebrahem A. , Areshi Mounirah , Saeed Anwar , Bilal Muhammad , Kumam Wiyada , Kumam Poom 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn biological systems, the MHD boundary layer bioconvection flow through permeable surface has several applications, including electronic gadgets, heating systems, building thermal insulation, geological systems, renewable energy, electromagnetism and nuclear waste. The bioconvection caused by the hydromagnetic flow of a special form of water-based nanoliquid including motile microorganisms and nanoparticles across a porous upright moving surface is investigated in this report. The combination of motile microbes and nanoparticles causes nanofluid bioconvection is studied under the cumulative impact of magnetic fields and buoyancy forces. The Brownian motion, thermophoresis effects, heat absorption/generation, chemical reaction and Darcy Forchhemier impact are also unified into the nonlinear model of differential equations. The modeled boundary value problem is numerically computed by employing a suitable similarity operation and the parametric continuation procedure. The parametric study of the flow physical parameters is evaluated versus the velocity, energy, volume fraction of nanoparticles, motile microorganisms’ density, skin friction, Sherwood number and Nusselt number. It has been observed that the velocity profile reduces with the effect of porosity parameter k1, inertial parameter k2, Hartmann number and buoyancy ratio. While the energy transition profile significantly enhances with the flourishing values of Eckert number Ec, heat absorption/generation Q and Hartmann number respectively.
Gut Microbiome Characteristics in feral and domesticated horses from different geographic locations
Authors: Ang Li , Vinderola Gabriel , Endo Akihito , Kantanen Juha , Jingfeng Chen , Binetti Ana , Burns Patricia , Qingmiao Shi , Suying Ding , Zujiang Yu , Rios-Covian David , Mantziari Anastasia , Beasley Shea , Gomez-Gallego Carlos , Gueimonde Miguel , Salminen Seppo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDomesticated horses live under different conditions compared with their extinct wild ancestors. While housed, medicated and kept on a restricted source of feed, the microbiota of domesticated horses is hypothesized to be altered. We assessed the fecal microbiome of 57 domestic and feral horses from different locations on three continents, observing geographical differences. A higher abundance of eukaryota (p < 0.05) and viruses (p < 0.05) and lower of archaea (p < 0.05) were found in feral animals when compared with domestic ones. The abundance of genes coding for microbe-produced enzymes involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in feral animals regardless of the geographic origin. Differences in the fecal resistomes between both groups of animals were also noted. The domestic/captive horse microbiomes were enriched in genes conferring resistance to tetracycline, likely reflecting the use of this antibiotic in the management of these animals. Our data showed an impoverishment of the fecal microbiome in domestic horses with diet, antibiotic exposure and hygiene being likely drivers. The results offer a view of the intestinal microbiome of horses and the impact of domestication or captivity, which may uncover novel targets for modulating the microbiome of horses to enhance animal health and well-being.
Color-tunable luminescence, energy transfer behavior and I–V characteristics of Dy3+,Eu3+ co-doped La(PO4) phosphors for WLEDs and solar applications
Authors: Parauha Yatish R. , Dhoble S. J. 
Published: February 2022

We synthesize different concentrations of Dy3+,Eu3+ doped and co-doped La(PO4) phosphors via the solid-state synthesis and test their photoluminescence and I–V characteristics for WLEDs and solar panels.
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs
Authors: Jeffers S. V. , Barnes J. R. , Schöfer P. , Quirrenbach A. , Zechmeister M. , Amado P. J. , Caballero J. A. , Fernández M. , Rodríguez E. , Ribas I. , Reiners A. , Cardona Guillén C. , Cifuentes C. , Czesla S. , Hatzes A. P. , Kürster M. , Montes D. , Morales J. C. , Pedraz S. , Sadegi S. 
Published: February 2022

Context. Current exoplanet surveys using the radial velocity (RV) technique are targeting M dwarfs because any habitable zone terrestrial-mass planets will induce a high RV and orbit on shorter periods than for more massive stars. One of the main caveats is that M dwarfs show a wide range of activity levels from inactive to very active, which can induce an asymmetry in the line profiles and, consequently, a spurious RV measurement.
Aims. We aim to benchmark the impact of stellar activity on high-precision RV measurements using regular-cadence CARMENES visible and near-infrared observations of the active M3.5 dwarf EV Lac.
Methods. We used the newly developed technique of low-resolution Doppler imaging to determine the centre-of-light, or spot-induced RV component, for eight observational epochs.
Results. We confirm a statistically significant and strong correlation between the independently measured centre-of-light and the chromatic index, which is a measure of the amplitude variation with wavelength of the RVs. We also find circular “closed-loop” relations of several activity indices with RV for a subset of data that covers only several rotation periods. We also investigate the implications of large phase gaps in the periodograms of activity indicators. Finally, by removing the spot-induced RV component we improve the planet-mass sensitivity by a factor of at least three.
Conclusions. We conclude that for active M stars, a regular-cadence observing strategy is the most efficient way to identify and eliminate sources of correlated noise.
Detecting deep axisymmetric toroidal magnetic fields in stars
Authors: Dhouib H. , Mathis S. , Bugnet L. , Van Reeth T. , Aerts C. 
Published: February 2022

Context. Asteroseismology has revealed small core-to-surface rotation contrasts in stars in the whole Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. This is the signature of strong transport of angular momentum (AM) in stellar interiors. One of the plausible candidates to efficiently carry AM is magnetic fields with various topologies that could be present in stellar radiative zones. Among them, strong axisymmetric azimuthal (toroidal) magnetic fields have received a lot of interest. Indeed, if they are subject to the so-called Tayler instability, the accompanying triggered Maxwell stresses can transport AM efficiently. In addition, the electromotive force induced by the fluctuations of magnetic and velocity fields could potentially sustain a dynamo action that leads to the regeneration of the initial strong axisymmetric azimuthal magnetic field.
Aims. The key question we aim to answer is whether we can detect signatures of these deep strong azimuthal magnetic fields. The only way to answer this question is asteroseismology, and the best laboratories of study are intermediate-mass and massive stars with external radiative envelopes. Most of these are rapid rotators during their main sequence. Therefore, we have to study stellar pulsations propagating in stably stratified, rotating, and potentially strongly magnetised radiative zones, namely magneto-gravito-inertial (MGI) waves.
Methods. We generalise the traditional approximation of rotation (TAR) by simultaneously taking general axisymmetric differential rotation and azimuthal magnetic fields into account. Both the Coriolis acceleration and the Lorentz force are therefore treated in a non-perturbative way. Using this new formalism, we derive the asymptotic properties of MGI waves and their period spacings.
Results. We find that toroidal magnetic fields induce a shift in the period spacings of gravity (g) and Rossby (r) modes. An equatorial azimuthal magnetic field with an amplitude of the order of 105 G leads to signatures that are detectable in period spacings for high-radial-order g and r modes in γ Doradus (γ Dor) and slowly pulsating B (SPB) stars. More complex hemispheric configurations are more difficult to observe, particularly when they are localised out of the propagation region of MGI modes, which can be localised in an equatorial belt.
Conclusions. The magnetic TAR, which takes into account toroidal magnetic fields in a non-perturbative way, is derived. This new formalism allows us to assess the effects of the magnetic field in γ Dor and SPB stars on g and r modes. We find that these effects should be detectable for equatorial fields thanks to modern space photometry using observations from Kepler, TESS CVZ, and PLATO.
Neugeborenenscreening auf Sichelzellkrankheit
Authors: Lobitz Stephan 
Published: February 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Sichelzellkrankheit (SCD) ist eine schwere angeborene Bluterkrankung, die mit einer hohen Morbidität und Mortalität im Säuglings- und Kleinkindalter einhergeht, wenn sie noch nicht diagnostiziert worden ist. Kritisch sind insbesondere fulminante bakterielle Infektionen im Rahmen der krankheitstypischen Hyposplenie sowie akute Verschlechterungen der im Intervall stabilen Anämie. Mit sehr einfachen Maßnahmen (Schulung, Impfung und Penicillin-Prophylaxe) lässt sich ein Großteil der schweren Komplikationen vermeiden. Da die Erkrankung schon bei Geburt sehr einfach und sehr zuverlässig aus Trockenblut diagnostizierbar ist und zudem inzwischen ein gutes therapeutisches Konzept existiert, gibt es eine gute Rationale für ein Neugeborenenscreening (NBS). International werden Neugeborene teilweise schon seit den frühen 1970er-Jahren auf die SCD untersucht. Das flächendeckende NBS in Deutschland hat am 1. Oktober 2021 begonnen. Dieser Artikel gibt Ihnen einen Überblick über die neue Zielkrankheit.