bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment feasibility of a digital tool for brief self‐help behavioural therapy for insomnia (FastAsleep)
Authors: Jernelöv Susanna , Forsell Erik , Westman Henrietta , Eriksson Dufva Ylva , Lindefors Nils , Kaldo Viktor , Kraepelien Martin 
Published: October 2022

SummaryCognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia is efficacious and recommended for insomnia, but availability is scarce. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia self‐help interventions could increase availability, especially if unguided. Optimizing cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia methods and system user‐friendliness, we developed a short, digital, self‐help programme—FastAsleep—based on the behavioural components of sleep restriction and stimulus control. This study investigated its feasibility and preliminary effects. Thirty media‐recruited participants with moderate to severe insomnia were assessed via telephone before using FastAsleep for 4 weeks, and were interviewed afterwards. Self‐ratings with web questionnaires were conducted at screening, pre‐, mid‐ and post‐treatment, and at 3‐month follow‐up. Primary outcomes were feasibility (credibility, adherence, system user‐friendliness and adverse effects), and secondary outcomes were changes in symptom severity (insomnia, depression and anxiety). Adherence was generally high, participants' feasibility ratings were favourable, and adverse effects matched previously reported levels for cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia. Symptoms of insomnia decreased after the treatment period (Hedge's g = 1.79, 95% confidence interval = 1.20–2.39), as did symptoms of depression and anxiety. FastAsleep can be considered feasible and promising for alleviating insomnia symptoms among patients fit for self‐care. Future controlled trials are needed to establish the efficacy of FastAsleep and its suitability in a stepped care model.
Soil origin and duration of a garden experiment affect competitive outcomes between dominant grassland species
Authors: Florianová Anna , Knappová Jana , Münzbergová Zuzana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractQuestionsTo explore whether temporal variation and context dependency of competition may explain alternations in dominance of four dry‐grassland species. The species Anthericum ramosum, Brachypodium pinnatum, Bromus erectus, and Inula salicina coexist in one region, each dominating some sites, and have similar habitat affinities and ecological optima.LocationDry grasslands of northern Bohemia, Czech Republic, Europe.MethodsWe assessed interspecific competition at the end of each year of a three‐year garden experiment, in all pairwise combinations of species and in a mixture of all species, using multiple competition designs to test for robustness of the observed competitive outcomes. We replicated the experiment in soils from two localities, differing in structure and chemical composition.ResultsBased on a single harvest at the end of the experiment, Brachypodium was the strongest competitor, both in terms of competitive effect and competitive response, and Bromus and Inula the weakest. However, the competition outcomes changed over time: during the first two experimental years, Bromus was the strongest competitor, followed by Inula. Competitive outcomes also depended on soil origin: Bromus was a stronger competitor when grown in soil resembling soil at the sites it naturally dominates while Inula showed the opposite pattern.ConclusionsWe showed that variation in competitive abilities of individual species over time, under different competition scenarios and in soils of different origin provide the opportunities for each species to locally dominate over the others.
Prison‐based interventions are key to achieving HCV elimination among people who inject drugs in New South Wales, Australia: A modelling study
Authors: Stone Jack , Lim Aaron G. , Dore Gregory J. , Borquez Annick , Geddes Louise , Gray Richard , Grebely Jason , Hajarizadeh Bezhad , Iversen Jenny , Maher Lisa , Valerio Heather , Martin Natasha K. , Hickman Matthew , Lloyd Andrew R. , Vickerman Peter 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground & AimsPeople who inject drugs (PWID) experience high incarceration rates which are associated with increased hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission risk. We assess the importance of prison‐based interventions for achieving HCV elimination among PWID in New South Wales (NSW), Australia.MethodsA model of incarceration and HCV transmission among PWID was calibrated in a Bayesian framework to epidemiological and incarceration data from NSW, incorporating elevated HCV acquisition risk among recently released PWID. We projected the contribution of differences in transmission risk during/following incarceration to HCV transmission over 2020–2029. We estimated the past and potential future impact of prison‐based opioid agonist therapy (OAT; ~33% coverage) and HCV treatment (1500 treatments in 2019 with 32.9%–83.3% among PWID) on HCV transmission. We estimated the time until HCV incidence reduces by 80% (WHO elimination target) compared to 2016 levels with or without prison‐based interventions.ResultsOver 2020–2029, incarceration will contribute 23.0% (17.9–30.5) of new HCV infections. If prison‐based interventions had not been implemented since 2010, HCV incidence in 2020 would have been 29.7% (95% credibility interval: 22.4–36.1) higher. If current prison and community HCV treatment rates continue, there is an 98.8% probability that elimination targets will be achieved by 2030, with this decreasing to 10.1% without current prison‐based interventions.ConclusionsExisting prison‐based interventions in NSW are critical components of strategies to reduce HCV incidence among PWID. Prison‐based interventions are likely to be pivotal for achieving HCV elimination targets among PWID by 2030.
“A Fatherland worth living in”: Anarchism, citizenship and nation in Bolivia, 1900–1941
Authors: Margarucci Ivanna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper analyses the particular role played by anarchism in early 20th century discussions concerning the Bolivian nation and citizenship. Based on a diverse corpus of documents and extended specialised literature, I will argue that between the 1920s and 1940s the local anarchist movement took part in these debates by rejecting the Creole oligarchy's definition of the nation and proposing one of its own. Ideologically, this intervention meant imagining a different, more inclusive national community made up of racialised and gendered identities. Practically, it implied fighting against internal colonialism, struggling for equal citizenship, and defending the ethnic and gender identity and human dignity of mestizos, cholas, and indigenous people. By reconstructing these debates and some anarchist “ethno‐classist” struggles of the period, I approach the anticolonial orientation of Bolivian anarchism, and more generally, examine a historical experience in which subaltern subjectivities intervened in nation‐building away from a statist, Western and patriarchal path.
Banal and everyday (inter)nationalism: French and Italian anarchist exiles in London, 1870s–1914
Authors: Bantman Constance , Di Paola Pietro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article explores the anarchists' multilayered theoretical and practical engagement with the concepts and performance of nations, nationalism and national belonging, by applying the frameworks of banal nationalism (understood as an ideology) and everyday nationhood (the daily practices in which nation and nationhood are enacted) as analytical categories, to investigate the Italian and French anarchist exile groups in London between 1870 and 1914. Adopting these theoretical categories proves fruitful in probing the anarchists' perception and enactment of the idea of nation and national belonging, contributing to the literature on the relationship between pre‐1914 socialist movements and (inter)nationalism and highlighting the specificity of anarchism therein. Using Fox and Miller‐Idriss's four categories of everyday nationhood, we show that while the anarchists explicitly subverted the everyday performance of nationhood, redeploying it along internationalist lines, some forms of attachment to the national did endure and were in fact not always contradictory with anarchist internationalism. Looking at the exilic rituals of this intensely diasporic group thus complicates the simplistic but still pervasive view of a monolithic ideological internationalism and rejection of the national on the part of anarchists.
Do eating behavior traits predict energy intake and body mass index? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Dakin Clarissa , Beaulieu Kristine , Hopkins Mark , Gibbons Catherine , Finlayson Graham , Stubbs R. James 
Published: October 2022

SummaryAt present, it is unclear whether eating behavior traits (EBT) predict objectively measured short‐term energy intake (EI) and longer‐term energy balance as estimated by body mass index (BMI). This systematic review examined the impact of EBT on BMI and laboratory‐based measures of EI in adults (
18 years) in any BMI category, excluding self‐report measures of EI. Articles were searched up until 28th October 2021 using MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE and Web of Science. Sixteen EBT were identified and the association between 10 EBT, EI and BMI were assessed using a random‐effects meta‐analysis. Other EBT outcomes were synthesized qualitatively. Risk of bias was assessed with the mixed methods appraisal tool. A total of 83 studies were included (mean BMI = 25.20 kg/m2, mean age = 27 years and mean sample size = 70). Study quality was rated moderately high overall, with some concerns in sampling strategy and statistical analyses. Susceptibility to hunger (n = 6) and binge eating (n = 7) were the strongest predictors of EI. Disinhibition (n = 8) was the strongest predictor of BMI. Overall, EBT may be useful as phenotypic markers of susceptibility to overconsume or develop obesity (PROSPERO: CRD42021288694).
Neonatal toxic shock syndrome‐like exanthematous disease: A French case series
Authors: Gerard Rémy , Lehours Philippe , Boralevi Franck , Sarlangue Jean 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNeonatal toxic shock syndrome‐like exanthematous disease (NTED) was first described in Japan in the 1990s. It results from the secretion of superantigenic toxins by Staphylococcus aureus. Diagnostic criteria include generalized macular erythema and at least one of the following three features: fever (>38°C), thrombocytopenia (<150,000/mm3), low positive C reactive protein (10–50 mg/L) in the absence of another known disease process. We herein describe four cases from France, involving both MSSA and “Geraldine” MRSA. This report aims to bring this underdiagnosed disease to the attention of pediatricians and infectious disease specialists, to improve the management of affected newborns.
An appraisal of technical variant grafts compared to whole liver grafts in pediatric liver transplant recipients: Multicenter analysis from the SPLIT registry
Authors: McElroy Lisa M. , Martin Abigail E. , Feldman Amy G. , Ng Vicky L. , Kato Tomoaki , Reichman Trevor , Valentino Pamela L. , Anand Ravinder , Anderson Sarah G. , Sudan Debra L. ,   the Society of Pediatric Liver Transplantation (SPLIT) Research Committee
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundShortages of liver allografts for children awaiting transplantation have led to high LT waitlist mortality. Prior studies have shown that usage of TVG can reduce waiting time and waitlist mortality, but their use is not universal. We sought to compare patient and graft survival between WLG and TVG and to identify potential associated risk factors in a contemporary pediatric LT cohort.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of patient survival, graft survival, and biliary and vascular complications for LT recipients <18 years old entered into the Society of Pediatric Liver Transplantation prospective multicenter database.ResultsOf 1839 LT recipients, 1029 received a WLG and 810 received a TVG from either a LD or a DD. There was no difference in patient survival or graft survival by graft type. Three‐year patient survival and graft survival were 96%, 93%, and 96%, and 95%, 89%, and 92% for TVG‐LD, TVG‐DD, and WLG, respectively. Biliary complications were more frequent in TVG. Hepatic artery thrombosis was more frequent in WLG. Multivariate analysis revealed primary diagnosis was the only significant predictor of patient survival. Predictors for graft survival included time‐dependent development of biliary and vascular complications.ConclusionsThere were no significant differences in patient and graft survival based on graft types in this North American multi‐center pediatric cohort. Widespread routine use of TVG should be strongly encouraged to decrease mortality on the waitlist for pediatric LT candidates.
Increased risk of infections in pediatric Fontan patients after heart transplantation
Authors: Ahmed Humera , Lee Joanne , Bernstein Daniel , Rosenthal David , Dykes John , Lee Donna , Barkoff Lynsey , Weinberg Kenneth , Hollander Seth A. , Chen Sharon 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundInfectious complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality after HT. Fontan patients may be more susceptible to post‐HT infections.MethodsThis was a single‐center, retrospective cohort analysis of pediatric patients undergoing HT for FF physiology or DCM, who underwent induction with ATG. The primary endpoint was an infection in the first 180 days post‐HT, defined as positive (1) blood/urine/respiratory culture; (2) viral PCR; (3) skin or wound infection; and/or (4) culture‐negative infection if ≥5 days of antibiotics were completed. Secondary endpoints included (1) cell counts after ATG; (2) PTLD; and (3) rejection (≥Grade 2R ACR or pAMR2) in the first 180 days post‐HT.ResultsA total of 59 patients (26 FF, 33 DCM) underwent HT at 14.7 (IQR 10.6, 19.5) and 11.7 (IQR 1.4, 13.6) years of age, respectively. The median total ATG received was 7.4 (IQR 4.9, 7.7) vs 7.5 (IQR 7.3, 7.6) mg/kg (p = NS) for FF and DCM patients, respectively. Twenty‐three patients (39%) developed an infection 180 days post‐HT, with a higher rate of infection in FF patients (54% vs 27%, p = .03). Adjusted for pre‐transplant absolute lymphocyte count, FF patients had a higher risk of infection at 30 days post‐HT (OR 7.62, 95% CI 1.13–51.48, p = .04). There was no difference in the incidence of PTLD (12% vs 0%; p = .08) or rejection (12% vs 21%; p = .49).ConclusionCompared to DCM patients, FF patients have a higher risk of infection. Modifications to induction therapy for FF patients should be considered.
The weight of the crowd, social information credibility, and firm strategy
Authors: Ghosh Bikram P. , Galbreth Michael R. 
Published: October 2022

When considering a purchase, consumers often augment their private information about a product with anonymous online social information (reviews, etc.). We examine the impact on firm strategy of how consumers weight these two information sources—private and social—in their purchase decisions. An increase in weight on private information always results in higher prices at the interior equilibrium. However, the effects on profits, consumer, and total surplus are nonmonotonic: all increasing with the weight on private information when weight is high but decreasing when weight is low. Profit and surplus decrease with weight when weight is low because a marginal increase in a low weighting leads to a contraction of demand. The dynamic reverses when weight is high. Besides weighting of information sources, our model incorporates the questionable credibility of social information. A firm's optimal investment to improve social information credibility depends on whether consumers process information in a Bayesian or non‐Bayesian manner. We show that, compared to Bayesian consumers, non‐Bayesian consumers endogenously trust (distrust) social information from firms with high(low)‐positivity ratings. This distinction in information processing results in a stark contrast in how firms manage social information credibility: when facing Bayesian consumers, with an increase in the positivity of its social information, a firm with high(low) positivity spends less (more) to improve credibility. On the contrary, when facing non‐Bayesian consumers, a firm with high(low) positivity spends more (less) to improve credibility. Product quality also affects optimal credibility investment, following an inverted U‐shape.
What counts as evidence for policy? An analysis of policy actors' perceptions
Authors: MacKillop Eleanor , Downe James 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEvidence plays a growing role in public administration worldwide. We analyze the perceptions of policy actors, using Q methodology and a structured questionnaire, which reveals four types of profiles. Most policy actors did not fit neatly into an Evidence‐Based Policy‐Making (EBPM) group. Instead, they either had a pragmatic view where context and policy issues influence what counts as evidence, an inclusive position which emphasized the importance of considering a range of different types of evidence, or a political perspective where power relations and politics influence what counts as evidence. Our research also illustrates how different actors in the same community can have different perceptions of evidence, and how this can change over time due to experience and career trajectory.
What is necessary for high employee engagement and satisfaction? A look at the best places to work in the Federal Government Index
Authors: Abner Gordon , Alam Arfa , Cho Heejin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGovernments around the world, including the US federal government, are seeking ways to improve employee engagement, given that it has a positive impact on job performance and organizational performance. Unfortunately, scholars and practitioners have struggled to provide specific and actionable insights for fostering high employee engagement. We describe how data from the Best Places to Work in the Federal Government Index combined with Necessary Condition Analysis can be used to provide government leaders with practical advice for fostering high engagement and satisfaction in their agencies.
Bayesian Modelling Strategies for Borrowing of Information in Randomised Basket Trials
Authors: Ouma Luke O. , Grayling Michael J. , Wason James M. S. , Zheng Haiyan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBasket trials are an innovative precision medicine clinical trial design evaluating a single targeted therapy across multiple diseases that share a common characteristic. To date, most basket trials have been conducted in early-phase oncology settings, for which several Bayesian methods permitting information sharing across subtrials have been proposed. With the increasing interest of implementing randomised basket trials, information borrowing could be exploited in two ways; considering the commensurability of either the treatment effects or the outcomes specific to each of the treatment groups between the subtrials. In this article, we extend a previous analysis model based on distributional discrepancy for borrowing over the subtrial treatment effects (‘treatment effect borrowing’, TEB) to borrowing over the subtrial groupwise responses (‘treatment response borrowing’, TRB). Simulation results demonstrate that both modelling strategies provide substantial gains over an approach with no borrowing. TRB outperforms TEB especially when subtrial sample sizes are small on all operational characteristics, while the latter has considerable gains in performance over TRB when subtrial sample sizes are large, or the treatment effects and groupwise mean responses are noticeably heterogeneous across subtrials. Further, we notice that TRB, and TEB can potentially lead to different conclusions in the analysis of real data.
Identification of thermomechanical parameters based on the virtual fields method combined with the sampling moiré method
Authors: Li Yangyang , Xie Huimin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThermomechanical parameters are important indicators for evaluating the mechanical properties of superalloys and generally include the coefficients of stiffness and thermal expansion at high temperatures. At present, there are few methods for simultaneously characterising the thermomechanical parameters of superalloys, especially single‐crystal superalloys. To satisfy the demand for simultaneously identifying the thermomechanical parameters of orthotropic superalloys, an optimised virtual fields method for decoupling the thermomechanical parameters was developed in this study by combining the self‐developed heat‐resistant grids and the sampling moiré method. First, several factors, including the oblique angle of the grids, image noise and thermomechanical coupling phenomena, were studied through numerical experiments to analyse their influences on the identification accuracy. Then, an optimised identification strategy was established. Finally, the thermomechanical parameters of Ni‐based polycrystalline and single‐crystal superalloys were successfully identified and comparatively studied. The identification results demonstrate that the proposed method is highly accurate and robust. This research will provide an effective way to accurately characterise the multiple parameters of superalloys at high temperatures.
A Neural Dynamic Model Perceptually Grounds Nested Noun Phrases
Authors: Sabinasz Daniel , Schöner Gregor 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe present a neural dynamic model that perceptually grounds nested noun phrases, that is, noun phrases that contain further (possibly also nested) noun phrases as parts. The model receives input from the visual array and a representation of a noun phrase from language processing. It organizes a search for the denoted object in the visual scene. The model is a neural dynamic architecture of interacting neural populations which has clear interfaces with perceptual processes. It solves a set of theoretical challenges, including the problem of keeping a nested structure in short‐term memory in a way that solves the problem of 2 and massive binding problem emphasized by Jackendoff. The model organizes a search for the objects that are referenced in that structure. We motivate the model, demonstrate simulation results, and discuss how it differs from related models.