bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A dual NURBS curve five-axis interpolator with interval division under axial kinematic constraints
Authors: xiao jianxin , zhang hui , Bingran Li 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper presents an online full real-time dual non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) interpolator. Under the constraints of the kinematic parameters of the drive axis, the nonlinear effects of the five-axis CNC are solved on the basis of dual NURBS curve trajectory. Furthermore, smooth interpolation data are generated to realise machining efficiency, balance of quality and machining accuracy. After introducing the idea of ​​interval division, this research divides the tool path into instruction, transition and constant speed intervals. In order to prevent the increase of the computational burden of the numerical control system due to the too large sampling data points, the two-step scanning method is adopted to realize the precise expression of the parameter position of the starting point in each interval, and the calculation of the interval speed is studied. Further, in order to meet the real-time requirements of industrial systems and avoid inputting all trajectory segments into the system for calculation, this study proposes a prospective velocity bidirectional scanning planning method based on interval division, which realizes the segmented planning of the full trajectory. The planning result adopts the S-curve acceleration and deceleration control commonly used in the industry to realize the interpolation output. The proposed system interpolation method belongs to the online real-time processing and can be applied to the actual numerical control system. The proposed interpolator is verified by simulation and experimental tests for the cutter shaft to participate in the oblique flow impeller.
A MIMO Dielectric Resonator Antenna in single DRA Element with Reduce Mutual Coupling
Authors: Zambak Muhammad Fitra , Adam Ismahayati , Yasin Mohd Najib Mohd , Ismail Arif Mawardi , Jamaluddin Mohd Haizal 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

A multiple input multiple output (MIMO) dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with reduced mutual coupling is presented in the paper. The antenna resonates at dual frequencies of 4.91GHz and 6.5GHz with a coupling of less than -35dB. Unlike other DRA MIMO antennas, the design proposed in this work implements a single DRA to cover both antenna elements. The mutual coupling compensation is done using a DRA with a Z-shaped hole at the bottom of the DRA. Two slots were etched on the ground plane for impedance matching of the antenna. Analysis of the optimization of the DRA structure is presented with each of the findings presented in detail. A comparison of the energy density of the proposed DRA structure with a conventional DRA structure indicates that introducing a Z-shaped hole inside the DRA reduces the coupling between the antenna elements. MIMO antenna performances such as envelope correlation coefficient, diversity gain, channel capacity and total active reflection were presented with all values that are justifiable for MIMO applications. The proposed DRA show an ideal DRA MIMO antenna with a less complicated design.
A cross-sectional survey of epidemiology workforce performance and its influencing factors during the emergency response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Guangdong, China
Authors: Zheng Peng , Li Cuizhi , Zhang Yue , Feng Huiyao , Huang Bing , Liu Xiaohan , Tian Fenglin , Jiang Diwei , Ma Wenjun , Liu Tao , Liang Xiaofeng , Chen Xiongfei , Dong Xiaomei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The epidemiology workforce contributes a lot to the response to COVID-19(Corona Virus Disease 2019) pandemic. Here this study focuses on the self-evaluation of the epidemiology workforce’s capacity and their impression of the cases they interviewed during the emergency response of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
This study was a cross-sectional, anonymous survey conducted in Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Foshan, Dongguan and Zhuhai in Guangdong province. Data collection was performed between December 5, 2020 and December 22, 2020 through convenient sampling. A total of 596 epidemiology workforce participated in this study.
Results
Role in the team, professional title, gender, perceived social support, enough COVID-19 related training as well as experience were significantly associated with personal skills. 72.8% (429/589) and 86.3% (164/190) of participants reported they had interviewed uncooperative Chinese and foreign COVID-19 patients, respectively.
Conclusions
Epidemiology workforce needs enough training and experience to perform better in the investigation. Uncooperative patients were a big obstruction during the emergency response of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results suggest Chinese experience and strategies focusing on the improvement of the public health emergency management system, including establishing Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism, enhancing training and the like.
Gut Microbiota and Host CYP450s Characteristics in the Pseudo Germ-free Model: Co-shaping Individual Metabolic Landscapes
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Wen Qiuyu , Qin Yan , Xia Quan , Shen Chenlin , Song Shuai 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Pseudo germ-free (PGF) model has been widely used to research the role of intestinal microbiota in drug metabolism and efficacy, while the modeling methods and the utilization of PGF model are still not standardized and unified. A comprehensive and systematic research of PGF model on the composition and function of intestinal microbiota, the changes of CYP450s enzyme expression in host and intestinal mucosal permeability in 4 different modeling cycles of the PGF groups were provided in this paper.
Results
16S rRNA sequencing was employed to compare and analyze the alpha and beta diversity, species composition, indicator species and predicted function of gut microbiota in control and PGF groups. The results showed that bacterial species richness and diversity decreased significantly in the PGF group from the first week of PGF model establishment with the antibiotic cocktail. PGF group at the fourth week of modeling possessed the least indicator genera. Moreover, the increase of intestinal mucosal permeability occurred in the second week of PGF model establishment, indicating that 1 week was appropriate time for PGF modeling with antibiotic treatment. The results of western blot displayed that the expression level of CYP1A2, CYP2C19 and CYP2E1 in PGF group was significantly upregulated compared with the control group,, implying that the metabolic clearance of related drugs will change accordingly. The abundance of functional pathways predicted in gut microbiota changed dramatically between the control group and the PGF groups.
Conclusions
These results manifested the microbial profile and the expression characteristic of CYP450s enzymes and provides model reference for the study on individual drug metabolism differences co-affected by gut microbiota and host CYP450s enzymes.
Simultaneous determination of volatile phenol, cyanide, anionic surfactant and ammonia nitrogen in drinking, ground and surface water and in wastewater applying continuous flow analyzer
Authors: Qin Guofu , Zou Keting , He Fengrui , Shao Ji , Zuo Bei , Liu Jia , Liu Ruixiao , Yang Bixia , Zhao Guipeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The present study aimed to develop a method for the simultaneous determination of volatile phenol, cyanide, anionic surfactant, and ammonia nitrogen in drinking, ground and surface water, as well as in wastewater, using a continuous flow analyzer. Using on-line distillation, the distillate reacts with 4-aminoantipyrine in the presence of basic potassium ferricyanide, and the amount of volatile phenol is assessed using spectrophotometry. The distillate combines with chloramine-T and then with isonicotinic acid pyrazolone to generate blue chemicals through on-line distillation. The amount of cyanide is measured using spectrophotometry and extracted on-line, the amount of anionic surfactants was measured using methylene blue spectrophotometry and extracted on-line, and ammonia is reacting with salicylate and chlorine from dichloroisocyanuric acid to produce indophenol blue at 37°C in an alkaline environment and measured at 660 nm. The relative standard deviations were 0.75%~ 2.80% and 0.36% ~ 2.26%, respectively, and the recoveries were 98% ~ 103.6% and 101% ~ 102% when the mass concentration of volatile phenol and cyanide is 2 µg/L ~ 100 µg/L, the linear correlation coefficients are greater than or equal to 0.9999, and the detection limits are 1.2 µg/L and 0.9 µg/L, respectively. The relative standard deviations were 0.27% ~ 0.96% and 0.33% ~ 3.13%, and the recoveries were 94.3% ~ 107.0% and 98.0% ~ 101.7%. The mass concentration of anionic surfactant and ammonia nitrogen is 10 µg/L ~ 1000 µg/L, the linear correlation coefficients are 0.9995 and 0.9999, and the detection limits are 10.7 µg/L and 7.3 µg/L, respectively. This approach saves time and labor, has a lower detection limit, higher precision and accuracy, less contamination, and is more appropriate for the analysis and determination of large amounts of samples. When compared to the national standard method, the difference was not statistically significant.
Sec61 blockade therapy overrides resistance to proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Domenger Antoine , Ricci Daniela , Mayau Véronique , Majlessi Laleh , Marcireau Christophe , Dadaglio Gilles , Demangel Caroline 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Multiple Myeloma (MM) is an incurable neoplasm of mature B cells and the second most prevalent hematological malignancy worldwide. While combinations of proteasome inhibitors like bortezomib (Bz) and immunomodulators (IMIDs) like lenalinomide (Len) are generally effective in stopping MM development, treated patients will eventually become resistant to one or both of these drugs. Using MM cell lines and patient-derived tumors, we recently reported that blocking the Sec61 translocon with mycolactone triggers an atypical unfolded protein response synergizing with Bz to kill MM cells, and overriding resistance to Bz. To extend this work, here we examined how Sec61 blockade interferes with Len and whether it overcomes IMID resistance.
Methods
Using the MM1S model cell line and a previously established daughter with stable resistance to Bz, we genetically engineered two additional daughters with single and double resistance to Len and Bz. The four cell lines were then compared side by side for sensitivity to mycolactone, alone and combined to Bz and/or Len, in vitro and in vivo.
Results
The synergistic effect of mycolactone on Bz was maintained in both single and double drug resistant MM cells and notably, extended to Len. Double drug resistance even conferred MM cells with an increased sensitivity to Sec61 blockade. Notably, mycolactone enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of the Bz + Len combination in both mice engrafted with parental or double drug resistant MM1S.
Conclusion
These data support the interest of further evaluating Sec61 blockers in MM drug combinations and their potential for treatment of refractory or relapsed MM.
Select the optimal channel based on improved Bat optimization in the cognitive radio network
Authors: mustafa Mustafa sabah , Najm Ihab Ahmed , Al-yousif Shahad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A group of nodes that can progress execution automatically by changing their behavior to adapt to the environment is called cognitive radio networks (CRNs). Though several routing protocols inverting the CRNs decisions are proposed to combine the variable degrees of adaptation, these protocols provide quality of service (QoS) assurance to the networks. This study suggests an optimization algorithm based on one of the inspired approaches (particularly the improved bat swarm algorithm) to expedite the reconnaissance for the best paths. It is to create cognitive routing protocols, transmit data packets effectively, and impose complexities as a result of the evolving climate of the reachable spectrum. The optimization problem is being solved using this algorithm. The transmission mechanism is made scalable, effectual, and adaptive with an increasing number of nodes using the bat swarm method presented in this study. This paper suggests a method that more effectively fulfills QoS requirements and demonstrates how to control residual bandwidth, time delay, and packet loss ratio. Meanwhile, the same algorithm also favors service requirements and highlights some important characteristics of the bat swarm algorithm. Finally, simulation results illustrate that the proposed work offers efficient bandwidth exploitation.
Analysis of dog breed diversity using a composite selection index.
Authors: Hsu Wei-Tse , Williamson Peter , Khatkar Mehar Singh 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
During breed development, domestic dogs have undergone genetic bottlenecks and sustained selective pressures, as a result distinctive genomic diversity occurs to varying degrees within and between breed groups. This diversity can be identified using standard methods or combinations of these methods. This study explored the application of a combined selection index, composite selection signals (CSS), derived from multiple methods to an existing genotype dataset from three breed groups developed in distinct regions of Asia: Qinghai-Tibet plateau dogs, Xi dogs and Mountain hounds. The selection signature analysis confirmed top ranked genomic regions on CFA10 and CFA21 in Qinghai-Tibet plateau dogs, CFA1 in Xi dogs and CFA5 in Mountain hounds. Additional regions were found for each group, and a total of 1,394, 1,684 and 1,475 significant SNPs were identified in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau dogs, Xi dogs and Mountain hounds, respectively. Chitinase 3 Like 1 (CHI3L1) and Leucine Rich Repeat Containing G Protein-Coupled Receptor 6 (LGR6) genes were located in the top ranked region on CFA7 (0.02 – 1 Mb) in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau dogs. Both genes have been associated with hypoxia responses or altitude adaptation in humans. For the Xi dogs, the top ranked region on CFA25 contained the Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily C Member 4 (TRPC4) gene. This calcium channel is important for optimal muscle performance during exercise. The outstanding signals in the Mountain dogs were on CFA5 with 213 significant SNPs that spanned genes involved with cardiac development, sight and generation of biochemical energy. These findings support the use of the combined index approach for identifying regions of genome diversity in dogs. As with other methods, the regions do not prove causal links between these regions and phenotypes, but they may assist in focusing future studies that seek to identify functional pathways that contribute to breed diversity.
Performance and diagnostic accuracy of scoring systems in patients with suspected adult appendicitis
Authors: Gan David Eng Yeow , Mahmood Nik Ritza Kosai Nik , Chuah Jitt Aun , Hayati Firdaus 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aims to determine the most accurate appendicitis scoring system and optimal cutoff points for each scoring system.
Methods
This single-centred prospective cohort study was conducted from January-to-June 2021, involving all patients admitted on suspicion of appendicitis. All patients were scored according to the Alvarado score, Appendicitis Inflammatory Response (AIR) score, Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha (RIPASA) score and Adult Appendicitis score (AAS). The final diagnosis for each patient was recorded. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for each system. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed for each scoring system and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Optimal cutoff scores were calculated using Youden’s Index.
Results
A total of 245 patients were recruited with 198 (80.8%) patients underwent surgery. RIPASA score had the highest sensitivity (72.7%) and specificity (62.3%) at an optimal score of 8.5 with AUC 0.724, followed by the AAS (sensitivity 60.2%, specificity 75.4%, optimal score 14, AUC 0.719), AIR score (sensitivity 76.7%, specificity 52.2%, optimal score 5, AUC 0.688) and Alvarado score (sensitivity 69.9%, specificity 62.3%, optimal score 5, AUC 0.681). Multiple logistic regression revealed anorexia (p-value 0.018), right iliac fossa tenderness (p-value 0.005) and guarding (p-value 0.047) as significant clinical factors independently associated with appendicitis.
Conclusion
Appendicitis scoring systems have shown moderate sensitivity and specificity in our population. The RIPASA scoring system has shown to be the most sensitive, specific and easy-to-use scoring system in the Malaysian population whereas the AAS is most accurate in excluding low-risk patients.
Optimal Promises A General Framework with Application to Airline Schedule Times
Authors: Prince Jeffrey , Simon Daniel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Sellers in a wide range of industries frequently make promises about service performance (product quality) that can only be assessed after purchase. Making such a promise creates a tradeoff: A better promise (1) increases demand today, but (2) reduces the likelihood of achieving the promised performance, which reduces future demand. In this paper, we present a simple model of optimal promised performance. We then apply this model to the airline industry, and we develop hypotheses for how changes in market conditions -- the availability of on-time performance data, competition, and prevalence of connecting passengers -- lead to changes in promised performance via their impact on one or both components of the aforementioned promise tradeoff. Lastly, we test our hypotheses using airlines on-time performance data. Our results provide support for our hypotheses, and more broadly for our model of promises and the associated tradeoffs, indicating that airlines promise more when the cost of failing to attain the promised performance level is low: When passengers are less informed about airlines’ on-time performance; when airlines face little competition; and, when there are relatively fewer connecting passengers.
Structural behavior of hybrid reinforced concrete short columns under uniaxial load
Authors: Hassoon Alaa , Mosheer Khamail 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Columns are essential part of several civil engineering applications that relocate the weight of the superstructure and the other loads to the soil. Usually, columns are subjected to eccentric compressive loads. Sometimes, it is required to increase the cross sectional area of columns to gain additional load capacity. This paper investigates the behavior of reinforced concrete columns under uniaxial loading. Five specimens of 0.2 × 0.2 × 1 m were fabricated to study the effect of type of concrete and near surface mounted NSM strengthening technique on the structural behavior of the columns. All columns were tested under uniaxial loads of 50 mm offset with simply supported ends. The presented strengthening techniques are flexible and effective. The experimental results showed that using of steel fiber concrete SFC of 1% volume fraction raised the ultimate load by 200% while increasing of concrete strength by 42.1% achieved just 36.4% additional load capacity. Also, strengthening of columns using NSM steel and carbon fiber reinforced polymer bars increased the load carrying capacity by 54.5 to 136.4%. Furthermore, the stiffness criteria increased by 105.3, 29.3, and 90% for the specimens with higher compressive strength, SFC, and strengthened with NSM steel bars owing to the additional stiffness provided. However, the brittle weakness nature of FRP composites in compression decreased the stiffness criteria by 14.6%.
Re-visiting the paradigm of coral reef depth zonation on contemporary reefs
Authors: Richardson Laura , Heenan Adel , Delargy Adam , Neubauer Philipp , Lecky Joey , Gove Jamison , Green J. A. Mattias , Kindinger Tye , Ingemann Kurt , Williams Gareth 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The influence of depth and associated gradients in light, nutrients, and plankton on the ecological organisation of tropical reef communities was first described over six decades ago but remains untested across broad geographies. Humans have also become the dominant driver of planetary change, requiring we re-visit historic ecological paradigms to ensure they capture the dynamics of contemporary ecological systems. Analysing >5,500 in-water reef fish surveys between 0–30 m depth across reef slopes at 35 islands in the Pacific, we assess whether a depth gradient consistently predicts variation in reef fish biomass. We reveal predictable ecological organisation in the absence of local human populations, with increased biomass of planktivores and piscivores, and decreased biomass of primary consumers with increasing depth. Bathymetric steepness also had a striking influence on biomass patterns, primarily for planktivores, emphasising potential links between local hydrodynamics and the upslope propagation of pelagic subsidies to the shallows. However, signals of resource-driven depth zonation were altered or lost at populated islands, likely due to depleted fish biomass baselines. While principles of depth zonation broadly held, our findings expose limitations of the paradigm for predicting ecological dynamics where human-mediated impacts confound the connections between ecological communities and their surrounding environment.
Wood Anisotropic Compression-Induced Power Enhancement Aerogel Thermoelectric Generator Based on BC/PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT
Authors: Chen Luzheng , Lou Jiang , Zong Yudong , Liu Zhuqing , Jiang Yifei , Han Wenjia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aerogel is a solid material with a large specific surface area and ultra-high porosity, which is considered a promising candidate for thermoelectric (TE) devices due to its unique ultra-low thermal conductivity. Generally, aerogels prepared from common organic polymers usually have low mechanical strength. Bacterial cellulose (BC), a particular nanomaterial with good mechanical properties, can act as a significant component for preparing high-performance nanomaterials. This study prepared aerogel thermoelectric generator (TEG) based on BC, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT). The aerogel exhibits excellent mechanical properties with stresses of up to 241 KPa at 90% compressive deformation, and the output performance can be easily tuned by temperature difference and compressive strain. Additionally, the TE device consisting of a single aerogel achieves an optimal output power of 84 nW at 30% strain and 50 K temperature difference. This work takes into account both the high mechanical properties and TE performance of cellulose aerogels and elucidates the strengthening effect of the layered ordered inner structure of lignoid on TEG. TE aerogels exhibit excellent heat harvesting capability under both vertical temperature difference and mechanical deformation, which provides good insight for future design and application of multifunctional self-powered sensors.