bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Standing up for Myself’ (STORM): Development and qualitative evaluation of a psychosocial group intervention designed to increase the capacity of people with intellectual disabilities to manage and resist stigma
Authors: Scior Katrina , Cooper Rebecca , Fenn Kristina , Poole Laurie , Colman Sophie , Ali Afia , Baum Sandra , Crabtree Jason , Doswell Sophie , Jahoda Andrew , Hastings Richard , Richardson Lisa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundPeople with intellectual disabilities are at risk of experiencing stigma and require the skills and confidence to deal with stigma in their daily lives.MethodDevelopment and piloting of a 5‐session manualised psychosocial group intervention designed to increase the capacity of people with intellectual disabilities aged 16+ to manage and resist stigma. Ten pre‐existing groups (N = 67) in third sector and education settings participated. Interviews with participants (n = 26), facilitators (n = 9) and significant others (n = 7) 2–4 months after the intervention assessed perceived impact.ResultsPerceived benefits of the intervention for participants included increased understanding, improved connections with others, drive for advocacy, increased activity and self‐efficacy, and opportunity to process difficult events and emotions. Differential impact depending on individuals' pre‐existing self‐advocacy skills was noted.ConclusionsThis early‐stage study indicates that further evaluation is merited to examine feasibility and outcomes of the STORM intervention.
Critical evaluation of contrasting evidence on whether male circumcision has adverse psychological effects: A systematic review
Authors: Morris Brian J. , Moreton Stephen , Bailis Stefan A. , Cox Guy , Krieger John N. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo conduct the first systematic review critically examining evidence on whether early male circumcision has short‐ and long‐term adverse psychological effects.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar.ResultsTwenty‐four studies with original data met the inclusion criteria. These comprised 11,173 total males, 4340 circumcised in infancy and 6908 uncircumcised. Nineteen were rated 1+, 2++ or 2+, and 5 were rated 2– by SIGN criteria. Neonatal circumcision, particularly without anesthetic, increased vaccination pain response, but had little effect on breastfeeding or cognitive ability. Studies reporting associations with sudden infant death syndrome, autism, alexithymia and impaired sexual function and pleasure had design flaws and were rated 2–. Sexual arousal, touch, pain, and warmth thresholds measured by quantitative sensory testing were not diminished in neonatally circumcised men. Neonatal circumcision was not associated with empathy in men, contradicting the hypothesis that procedural pain causes central nervous system changes. After correcting all associations with socioaffective processing parameters for multiple testing only higher sociosexual desire, dyadic sexual libido/drive, and stress remained significant. The relatively greater sexual activity found in circumcised men might reflect reduced sexual activity in uncircumcised men overall owing to pain and psychological aversion in those with foreskin‐related medical conditions (reverse causality). Most studies employed case‐control designs with limited follow‐up. Studies beyond childhood were prone to confounding.ConclusionThe highest quality evidence suggest that neonatal and later circumcision has limited or no short‐term or long‐term adverse psychological effects.
Influence of the Atlantic Ocean thermal anomaly on the Longsnout seahorse Hippocampus reidi in a Brazilian estuary
Authors: Freret‐Meurer Natalie V. , Fernández Tatiane C. , Vaccani Amanda C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOne of the consequences of climate change is an increase in the temperature of the oceans, which is considered to be one of the greatest impacts on biodiversity. Fish may respond to this impact in several ways, including shifts in their patterns of occurrence. The present study investigated the variation in the structure of a H. reidi population between 2015 and 2017 in the northern Guaíba Island area, highlighting a possible relationship to thermal anomaly associated with the El Niño phenomenon. The seahorse population monitoring was performed monthly, recording sex ratio, abundance, juvenile and adult proportion, depth of occurrence, total length and the holdfast which the seahorse were found attached. The influence of the El Niño event on the study population was evaluated by the correlation of the thermal anomaly data reported for the Tropical South Atlantic Index. Seahorse density on northern Guaíba island was positively and significantly correlated with water temperature, but the sex ratio and number of juveniles were not. The diversity of holdfasts used increased over the study period and was inversely proportional to the thermal anomaly. These results suggest that the thermal anomalies caused by the El Niño in the South Atlantic might trigger migration behaviour in the study species, providing a large aggregation during that period in Guaíba island.
Facial skin characteristics and concerns in Indonesia: A cross‐sectional observational study
Authors: Du Yaping , Doraiswamy Chandraprabha , Mao Jie , Zhang Qian , Liang Yan , Du Zheng , Vasantharaghavan Renuka , Joshi Manoj Kumar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundFacial skin characteristics and appearance vary according to ethnicity. While much of this knowledge is derived from the Caucasian population, lately there have been efforts to gain such understanding in various regions in Asia. In this paper, we have built an understanding of such features in Indonesia. In Indonesia, a section of females wears a traditional veil (hijab) to cover the scalp and part of face. The influence of the hijab on facial skin attributes was also investigated.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional observational study design involving 419 female volunteers in Jakarta, Indonesia, facial skin attributes (colour, radiance, hydration, trans‐epidermal water loss [TEWL], wrinkles, fine lines, pores, and sebum levels) and conditions (melasma, post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), solar lentigines/ senile lentigines, seborrheic keratoses and acne) were assessed by trained operators and dermatologists using standard validated instruments and scales.ResultsWith age, facial skin colour showed darkening in cheek; forehead on the other hand showed slight lightening. The skin evenness and radiance decreased, substantially. Aging attributes measured in terms of lines, wrinkles, and under‐eye dark circles showed deterioration with age; the decline was progressively faster than colour change. Facial image data analysis corroborated these findings. Skin hydration remained similar across the age groups even though the skin barrier function measured in terms of TEWL improved with age. Sebum levels in the skin were similar up to the age of 50 but declined in the next group of 50–60 year. Pore severity increased with age. Melasma, seborrheic keratosis and PIH showed a high prevalence (>∼50%) at the young age group (20–30 years), itself. Melasma prevalence attained 100% in the age group of 41–50 year and onwards, and its severity similarly showed a steady rise with age. PIH on the other hand showed a steady decline with age. Solar lentigines prevalence (∼30%) did not change much across age groups, and the severity scores were similar in age groups up to 50 year but increased substantially in 51–60‐year age groups. Seborrheic keratosis was similar (∼47%) in age groups up 20–40 year but steadily increased in upper age groups. Its severity was similar in the age groups of 20–30 year and 31–40 year but showed a two‐fold increase in subsequent age groups. Acne was 10% in the age group of 20–30 year and declined gradually to 0.7% in the 51–60‐year age group. Hijab wearers showed slight protection in skin colour darkening and improvement of evenness and radiance but were similar on aging (fine lines and wrinkles on crow's feet, under eye and peri‐oral areas) markers to non‐wearers. In general, in majority of age‐groups, hijab wearers showed a higher prevalence of melasma, solar/senile lentigines, seborrheic keratosis and PIH.
Blindness and vision loss in Japan: A spatio‐temporal analysis
Authors: Baptista Emerson Augusto 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectives: To analyze the spatio‐temporal patterns in the prevalence of blindness and vision loss (BVL) across Japanese prefectures from 1990 to 2019. Methods: The spatial Bayesian hierarchical regression model is used to estimate the risks and trends in the prevalence of BVL in Japanese prefectures. Three models are tested: (1) purely spatial model, (2) spatio‐temporal model, and (3) spatio‐temporal interaction model. Results: Overall, the purely spatial results suggest that relative risks do not have a consistent spatial pattern over time. There are a few prefectures with exceptionally high (1.5 to 4.9) and low (0.3 to 0.5) risks that appear to emerge and disappear over time. In addition, an increased risk, characterized by posterior probabilities above 0.8 (excess risk), can be seen in some prefectures in Japan in a very heterogeneous way. On the other hand, the spatio‐temporal results show that the period between 2005 and 2007 seem to work as a spatial transition of BVL prevalence in Japanese prefectures. Conclusions: Overall, no evidence of a spatial pattern is found, such as a north–south divide, either in the purely spatial model or in the spatio‐temporal interaction model.
Impact of narrowing perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis for left ventricular assist device implantation
Authors: Allen Lauren , Bartash Rachel , Minamoto Grace Y. , Cowman Kelsie , Patel Snehal , Vukelic Sasa , Nnani Daryl U. , Fauvel Daphenie , Guo Yi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough infections are a significant potential complication among patients undergoing left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, standardized surgical infection prophylaxis (SIP) regimens are not well defined. At Montefiore Medical Center, a 4‐drug SIP regimen containing fluconazole, ciprofloxacin, rifampin, and vancomycin was previously utilized. In January 2020, the antimicrobial stewardship program implemented a 2‐drug SIP regimen of vancomycin and cefazolin to limit exposure to broad‐spectrum antibiotics. This study evaluated LVAD‐associated infection rates prior to and following the SIP revision.MethodsA retrospective review of patients who underwent LVAD implantation from 1/2018 to 4/2021 was performed. Infections were classified using the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation definitions. Infection rates at 2 weeks, 30 days, and 90 days post‐implantation in the 4‐drug SIP regimen (1/2018‐12/2019) and the 2‐drug SIP regimen (1/2020 to 4/2021) were compared.ResultsA total of 71 patients were included. The number of patients with LVAD‐associated infections (including surgical site infections) was not significantly different in either SIP group at 2 weeks (9% vs. 4%, p = .64), 30 days (9% vs. 11%, p = .99), or 90 days (19% vs. 14%, p = .75). There was no statistically significant difference in 30 or 90‐day mortality. LVAD‐associated gram‐negative (7% vs. 7%; p > .99) and fungal (5% vs. 0%; p = .51) infections were uncommon. The most common organism isolated was Staphylococcus aureus, and the most common type of infection was pneumonia in both SIP groups.ConclusionNo significant difference in LVAD‐associated infections or infection‐related mortality was observed with de‐escalation of perioperative antibiotics. Additional studies with larger sample sizes are needed to endorse the findings of this study.
Haplotype‐resolved genome assembly of Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb.f. to elucidate medicinal value
Authors: Jiang Lan , Lin Mengfei , Wang Han , Song Hui , Zhang Lin , Huang Qingyu , Chen Renrui , Song Cheng , Li Guohui , Cao Yunpeng 
Published: July 2022

SUMMARYBletilla striata, commonly known as baiji, is a species used in traditional Chinese medicine; it is highly regarded for its medicinal applications and therefore has high economic value. Here, we report a high‐quality haplotype‐resolved genome of B. striata, haplotype A (2.37 Gb, with a scaffold N50 of 146.39 Mb and a contig N50 of 1.65 Mb) and haplotype B (2.43 Gb, with a scaffold N50 of 150.22 Mb and a contig N50 of 1.66 Mb), assembled from high‐fidelity (HiFi) reads and chromosome conformation capture (Hi‐C) reads. We find evidence that B. striata has undergone two whole‐genome duplication (WGD) events: an ancient WGD event shared by most monocots and a recent WGD event unique to all orchids. We also reconstructed the ancestral orchid karyotype (AOK) of 18 ancient chromosomes and the evolutionary trajectories of 16 modern B. striata chromosomes. Comparative genomic analysis suggests that the expanded gene families of B. striata might play important roles in secondary metabolite biosynthesis and environmental adaptation. By combining genomic and transcriptomic data, we identified the 10 core members from nine gene families that were probably involved in B. striata polysaccharide (BSP) biosynthesis. Based on virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) and yeast two‐hybrid experiments, we present an MYB transcription factor (TF), BsMYB2, that can regulate BSP biosynthesis by directly interacting with eight key BSP‐related genes: sacA1, HK1, scrK1, scrK2, GPI1, manA1, GMPP1 and UGP2_1. Our study will enhance the understanding of orchid evolution and accelerate the molecular‐assisted breeding of B. striata for improving traits of medicinal value.
Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound, CT and their combination in detecting cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Jian , Zhang Fengyan , Qiao Ying 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesTo determine the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound (US), CT and their combination in detecting cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).MethodsMedline (via PubMed), Web of Science, Embase were searched to identify studies published till 5 December 2021 that used US and CT to detect CLNM in patients with PTC. The primary outcomes were sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic ORs in neck-level-based (lymph nodes are analysed by neck level) or patient-based (lymph nodes are analysed by patient) analysis. Secondary outcomes were sensitivity, specificity and DORs in the central and lateral compartments.ResultsFourteen studies (6167 patients with 11 601 neck lymph nodes) met the inclusion criteria. Based on the neck-level-based analysis, the pooled sensitivity, specificity and DORs were 0.35 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.37), 0.95 (95% CI 0.94 to 0.95) and 13.94 (95% CI 9.34 to 20.82) for US, were 0.46 (95% CI 0.44 to 0.47), 0.88 (95% CI 0.87 to 0.89) and 7.24 (95% CI 5.46 to 9.62) for CT, were 0.51 (95% CI 0.49 to 0.52), 0.85 (95% CI 0.84 to 0.86), 6.01 (95% CI 3.84 to 9.40) for the combination of US and CT. In the patient-based analysis, the pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity and DOR were 0.41 (95% CI 0.36 to 0.46), 0.92 (95% CI 0.89 to 0.94) and 7.56 (95% CI 4.08 to 14.01) for US, were 0.49 (0.44 to 0.54), 0.91 (0.89 to 0.94), 9.40 (5.79 to 15.27) for CT, and were 0.64 (95% CI 0.57 to 0.71), 0.83 (95% CI 0.77 to 0.88), 8.59 (95% CI 5.37 to 13.76) for the combination of US and CT.DiscussionThese findings suggest US, with a DOR almost twice that of CT in the neck-level-based analysis, was superior to CT in detecting CLNM in patients with PTC, especially in the lateral compartment. The combination of US and CT increased the sensitivity from 41%–49% for the individual modalities to 64% for combined modalities in the patient-based analysis.
Prevalence of anabolic steroid users seeking support from physicians: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Amaral Julio Mario Xerfan , Kimergård Andreas , Deluca Paolo 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesTo estimate the overall prevalence of androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS) users seeking support from physicians. Secondary objectives are to compare this prevalence in different locations and among subpopulations of AAS users, and to discuss some of the factors that could have influenced the engagement of AAS users with physicians.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesMEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and SciELO were searched in January 2022.Eligibility criteriaQuantitative and qualitative studies reporting the number of AAS users who sought support from physicians, with no restrictions of language or time of publication.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the quality of studies, including publication bias. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to estimate the overall prevalence of AAS users seeking support from physicians, followed by pooled prevalence rates by studies’ location and the subpopulation of AAS users.ResultsWe identified 36 studies published between 1988 and 2021, involving 10 101 AAS users. The estimated overall prevalence of AAS users seeking support from physicians is 37.12% (95% CI 29.71% to 44.52%). Higher prevalence rates were observed in studies from Australia (67.27%; 95% CI 42.29% to 87.25%) and among clients of the needle and syringe exchange programme (54.13%; 95% CI 36.41% to 71.84%). The lowest prevalence was observed among adolescent AAS users (17.27%; 95% CI 4.80% to 29.74%).ConclusionOur findings suggest that about one-third of AAS users seek support from physicians, with remarkable differences between locations and subpopulations of AAS users. Further studies should investigate the factors influencing the engagement of AAS users with physicians.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020177919.
Impact of time-varying exposure on estimated effects in observational studies using routinely collected data: protocol for a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Wen , Liu Mei , Xu Jiayue , Li Ling , Tan Jing , Guo Jeff Jianfei , Lu Kevin , Li Guowei , Sun Xin 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionTime-varying exposure is an important issue that should be addressed in longitudinal observational studies using routinely collected data (RCD) for drug treatment effects. How well investigators designed, analysed and reported time-varying exposure, and to what extent the divergence that can be observed between different methods used for handling time-varying exposure in these studies remains uncertain. We will conduct a cross-sectional study to comprehensively address this question.Methods and analysisWe have developed a comprehensive search strategy to identify all studies exploring drug treatment effects including both effectiveness and safety that used RCD and were published in core journals between 2018 and 2020. We will collect information regarding general study characteristics, data source profile, methods for handling time-varying exposure, results and the interpretation of findings from each eligibility. Paired reviewers will screen and extract data, resolving disagreements through discussion. We will describe the characteristics of included studies, and summarise the method used for handling time-varying exposure in primary analysis and sensitivity analysis. We will also compare the divergence between different approaches for handling time-varying exposure using ratio of risk ratios.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval is required because the data we will use do not include individual patient data. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications.
Measuring tuberculosis patient perceived quality of care in public and public–private mix settings in India: an instrument development and validation study
Authors: Periyasamy Murugesan , Thomas Beena E , Watson Basilea , Rani Sudha , A Deepalakshmi , J Vignesh Kumar , A Stephen , Jayabal Lavanya , Murugesan Jagadeesan , Ananthakrishnan Ramya , Thomas Tiju , G N Sumathi , Nagarajan Karikalan 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAt present, there are no validated quantitative scales available to measure patient-centred quality of care in health facilities providing services for tuberculosis (TB) patients in India and low-income and middle-income countries.MethodsInitial themes and items reflective of TB patient’s perceived quality of care were developed using qualitative interviews. Content adequacy of the items were ascertained through Content validity Index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR). Pilot testing of the questionnaire for assessing validity and reliability was undertaken among 714 patients with TB. Sampling adequacy and sphericity were tested by Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin and Bartlett’s test, respectively. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was undertaken to test validity. Cronbach’s α and test–retest scores were used to test reliability.ResultsA 32-item tool measuring patient-perceived quality of TB distributed across five domains was developed initially based on a CVI and CVR cut-off score of 0.78 and cognitive interviews with patients with TB. Bartlett’s test results showed a strong significance f (χ2=3756 and p<0.001) and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin was measured to be 0.698 highlighting data adequacy and correlation between the variables. Exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation extracted 4 factors related to 14 items with Eigen values >1 which accounted for 60.9% of the total variance of items. Correlation (z-value >1.96) between items and factors was highly significant and Cronbach’s α was acceptable for the global scale (0.76) for the four factors. Intraclass correlation coefficient and the test retest scores for four factors were (<0.001) significant.ConclusionWe validated a measurement tool for patient-perceived quality of care for TB (PPQCTB) which measured the patient’s satisfaction with healthcare provider and services. PPQCTB tool could enrich quality of care evaluation frameworks for TB health services in India.
Palliation of heart failure: value-based supportive care
Authors: Atkinson Clea , Hughes Sian , Richards Len , Sim Victor MF , Phillips Julie , John Imogen J , Yousef Zaheer 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesHeart failure (HF) is a prevalent condition associated with poor quality-of-life and high symptom burden. As patients reach ceilings of survival-extending interventions, their priorities may be more readily addressed through the support of palliative care services; however, the best model of care remains unestablished.We aimed to create and evaluate a cospeciality cross-boundary service model for patients with HF that better provides for their palliative care needs in the latter stages of life, while delivering a more cost-effective patient journey.MethodsIn 2016, the Heart Failure Supportive Care Service (HFSCS) was established to provide patient-centred holistic support to patients with advanced HF. Patient experience questionnaires were developed and distributed in mid-2018 and end-of-2020. Indexed hospital admission data (in-patient bed days pre-referral/post-referral) were used allowing statistical comparisons by paired t-tests.ResultsFrom 2016–2020, 236 patients were referred to the HFSCS. Overall, 75/118 questionnaires were returned. Patients felt that the HFSCS delivered compassionate care (84%) that improved symptoms and quality of life (80% and 65%). Introduction of the HFSCS resulted in a reduction in HF-related admissions: actual days 18.3 to 4 days (p<0.001), indexed days 0.05 to 0.032 days (p=0.03). Cost mapping revealed an estimated average saving of at least £10 218.36 per referral and a total estimated cost saving of approximately £2.4 million over 5 years.ConclusionThis service demonstrates that a cospeciality cross-boundary method of care delivery successfully provides the benefits of palliative care to patients with HF in a value-based manner, while meeting the priorities of care that matter to patients most.