bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of CPT1A as a Biomarker of Breast Cancer Progression – a Bioinformatic Analysis
Authors: Sharma Vijay , Das Mitali , Giannoudis Athina 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the commonest malignancy of women and with its incidence on the rise, the need to identify new targets for treatment is imperative. There is a growing interest in the role of lipid metabolism in cancer. Carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1 (CPT-1); the rate limiting step in fatty acid oxidation, has been shown to be overexpressed in a range of tumours. There are 3 isoforms of CPT-1; A, B and C. It is CPT-1A that has been shown to be the predominant isoform which is overexpressed in breast cancer. Methods: We performed a bioinformatic analysis using readily available online platforms to establish the prognostic and predictive effects related to CPT-1A expression. These include the KM plotter tool, the Human Protein Atlas, the cBioPortal tool, the G2O tools, the MethSurv tool, the ROC plotter tool. A Network analysis was performed using the Oncomine platform and the gene concepts for the cancer hallmarks, including immune regulation, were based on the NanoString concepts. The gene concepts for the epigenetic pathways were obtained from the EpiFactor website. Spearman correlations (r) to determine the relationship between CPT-1A and the immune response were obtained using the TISIDB portal. Results: Using a bioinformatics analysis, we have shown that Ooverexpression of CPT-1A largely confers a worse prognosis and that CPT-1A progressively recruits a range of pathways as breast cancer progresses. The scope of this gene’s interactions with cancer pathways is far wider than previously realised and includes associations with epigenetic regulation and immune evasion pathways, as well as wild-type moderate to high penetrant genes involved in hereditary breast cancer. CPT-1A genomic alterations are detected in 9% of breast carcinomas and both the alteration and the metagene associated with it, confers a poor prognosis. Conclusions: Through this bioinformatics analysis, we propose that CPT-1A expression can be utilised as a biomarker of disease progression and as a potential therapeutic target.
Prognostic Significance of The Diameter of Superior Rectal Vein For Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Authors: Hong Yafang , Chen Runfan , Li Anchuan , Xu Benhua 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the diameter of the superior rectal vein (dSRV) and prognosis in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).Methods and materials: This retrospective study included 420 patients with LARC who received neoadjuvant therapy followed by total mesorectal resection (TME) from December 2014 to July 2017. The dSRV was measured before treatment. The maximal χ2 method was employed to determine the dSRV threshold of 3.6 mm based on the difference in disease-free survival, and then to divide the patients into 2 groups. The propensity score matching method (PSM) was used to balance the individual characteristics between the two groups. Kaplan–Meier curves and adjusted Cox models were used to determine the relationship among the baseline characteristics and overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), metastasis-free survival (MFS) and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS).Results: During a median follow-up of 45 months, 7 patients had relapse (1.60%), and 71 had distant metastasis (16.90%). Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that patients with a dSRV > 3.60 mm had better survival (dSRV > 3.60 mm vs. ≤ 3.60 mm: 3-y MFS: 87.70% vs. 68.20%, P < 0.001; 3-y DFS: 85.50% vs. 64.20%, p < 0.001; 3-y OS: 91.90% vs. 82.20%, p=0.005). The multivariate Cox regression analysis after adjusting the covariates and the multivariate Cox regression analysis after performing PSM showed that the dSRV was an independent prognostic factor for MFS, DFS and OS.Conclusion: The dSRV measurement is valuable in predicting the prognosis of patients with LARC, and the prognosis of patients with a smaller dSRV seems to be poor.
On the nature of supramolecular colour phenomenon
Authors: Kaul Bansi L. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Colour is of special interest in chemistry, physics, biology, medicine and of course for culture and life style. The relation between colour and constitution of organic materials at molecular level, to be called mono molecular colour phenomenon (MMCP), is well understood based on PPP-MO calculations of energy levels of excited states upon light absorption. However, such a relation cannot always be extrapolated to supramolecular state in which colorants normally exist both in nature and for their actual functionality. The present study provides examples of both mono molecular colour phenomenon (MMCP) and supramolecular colour phenomenon (SMCP), and a rationale of their differentiation.
Clinical Characteristics, Complications and Predictors of Outcome of Hospitalized Adult Sudanese Patients with COVID-19 and Malaria Co-Infection in Sudan, a Multi-Center Retrospective Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ahmed Khabab Abbasher Hussien Mohamed , Hasabo Elfatih A. , Haroun Mazin S. , Eljack Moh.Mah.Fadelallah , Altayeb Yousif F. O. , Nour Alshareef B. , Salih Esraa Hassan , Abdallah Abdallah M. , Osman Waddah Aljaely Mohammed , Yousif Mohammed Yousif Elnaeem 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Malaria and COVID-19 share several characteristics that could lead to cross-infection, particularly in malaria-endemic areas. Early COVID-19 symptoms might be misdiagnosed for malaria in clinical settings. Also, both diseases can cause fatal complications. So, laboratory testing for both diseases was recommended by the WHO.
Objectives

To study the clinical characteristics and outcomes of Adult Sudanese patients with COVID-19 and Malaria Co-infection.
Methods and materials:

This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to October 2021 in Wad Medani. A total coverage of all Sudanese patients above 18 years old with a confirmed diagnosis of co-infection with COVID-19 and malaria was included, and data was collected using a data collection sheet. Data was analyzed using R software version 4.0.2. Data were described and presented as mean ± Standard deviation (SD) and number (percentage). To find associated factors with in-hospital outcome, chi-square test, fisher exact test, and independent t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used.
Results

In this study, 156 participants were diagnosed with COVID-19 and malaria co-infection. Most of them were between 60-70 years (30.8%), the majority were males (59%). Shortness of breath (76.3%) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (35.3%) were the most common symptom and complication among co-infected patients, respectively. Ground glass opacity (n=47/49, 95.9%) is the most common result for CT scan. Atrial fibrillation was the most common abnormal ECG finding (n = 6/62, 9.7%). Overall mortality among all participants was (63/156, 40.4%).
Conclusion

High mortality rate was found among the co-infected patients. More attention is needed towards fighting COVID-19 and Malaria co-infection. There may be a link between Malaria and COVID-19.
Prevalence of long-acting reversible contraceptive uses and predictors among Ethiopian women over the past five years. A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Dube Dereje Lemma , Yilma Shimekit , Chelkeba Legese 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective

LARCs are a type of long-acting reversible contraception that is both safe and cost-effective for women. The aim of this review was to determine the pooled prevalence of LARC users and associated factors among Ethiopian women over the last five years.
Study design

: We searched Pub Med, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar on data published between 2017 to February 2021. The I2 index was used to measure heterogeneity between studies and subgroup analysis and leave one sensitivity analysis to determine possible causes of heterogeneity
Results

Among 440 studies identified, 75 were selected for a full review, and 27 met the inclusion criteria. Long-acting reversible contraceptives (LACs) users were detected in 3,588 of the 12,741 women studied, yielding a 29% overall prevalence (95% CI: 13-20%). Previous use of LARC was associated with being four times (P=0.001, 95% CI 2.55-4.57) more likely to use LARCs, women with a positive attitude towards birth control (P=0.001, 95% CI 1.5-2.3), and good knowledge (p=0.001, 95% CI 1.16-1.98) were two times more likely to use LARC.
Conclusion

prevalence of LARC was low among Ethiopian women, and knowledge, attitude, and previous use of LARC affects its prevalence
Genome analysis and prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Indonesian variants and the correlation with the outbreak timeline
Authors: Muliawan Maria Prevyolita Indra , Tantokusumo Timotius Christopher , Audah Kholis Abdurachim 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Since its first appearance in China, in the end of 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has mutated into several variants. The genome analysis of the spike of SARS-CoV-2 is necessary to identify the mutations in each variant. In this study, we obtained the whole genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 Wild Type and variants from GenBank (National Center of Biotechnology Information, USA), and GISAID EpiCoV database (Germany). We analyzed the spike glycoprotein gene sequences using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST), and identified the changes in nucleotide and amino acid. Additionally, we also discuss the prevalence and correlation between the submission time of SARS-CoV-2 variants on the GISAID database with the outbreak timeline. The result of our analysis showed that there are 9 amino acid changes in SARS-CoV-2 alpha, beta and delta variants, and 3 amino acid changes in gamma variant. There were 8,861 submissions of Indonesian variants on the GISAID database per November 21, 2021. The correlation between submission time of SARS-CoV-2 variants and outbreak timeline showed that SARS-CoV-2 delta (B.1.617.2) variant potentially caused the sudden increase of COVID-19 confirmed cases from July to September 2021.
Determinants of Modern Contraceptive Utilization Among Married Women In Sub-Saharan Africa: Multilevel Analysis Using Recent Demographic And Health Survey
Authors: Tesema Zemenu Tadesse , Tesema Getayeneh Antehunegn , Boke Moges Muluneh , Akalu Temesgen Yihunie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Family planning is a low-cost, high-impact public health and development strategy to improve child and maternal health. However, there is a lack of evidence on modern contraceptive use and determinants in sub-Saharan Africa. Hence, this study was aimed at determining the pooled prevalence and determinants of modern contraceptive utilization in Sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: Thirty-six sub-Saharan African countries' demographic and health survey (DHS) data were used for pooled analysis. A total weighted sample of 322,525 married women were included. Cross tabulations and summary statistics were done using STATA version 14 software. The pooled prevalence of modern contraceptive utilization with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was reported. Four models were fitted to select the best-fitted model using Likelihood Ratio (LLR) and Deviance test. Finally, the model with the highest LLR and the smallest deviance was selected as a best fitted model. Results: The pooled estimate of modern contraception use in sub–Saharan African countries was 18.36% [95% CI: 18.24, 18.48], with highest in Lesotho (59.79%) and the lowest in Chad (5.04%). The odds of modern contraception utilization among women living in East Africa was (AOR=1.47 (1.40, 1.54)), urban (AOR=1.18 (1.14, 1.24)), women primary and secondary and above educational level (AOR=1.49 (1.44, 1.55)), and (AOR=1.66 (1.58, 1.74)), respectively. Moreover, husband primary (AOR=1.38 (1.33, 1.42)), middle (AOR=1.17, (1.14, 1.21)), rich wealth status (AOR=1.29 (1.25, 1.34)), media exposure (AOR=1.25 (1.22, 1.29)), and postnatal care (PNC) utilization (AOR=1.25 (1.22, 1.29)) had higher odds of modern contraceptive utilization compared with their counter parts. Furthermore, deliver at health facility (AOR=1.74 (1.69, 1.79)) and birth order 2-4 (AOR=1.36 (1.31, 1.41)) had higher odds of modern contraceptive utilization. On the otherhand, women living in Central (AOR=0.23 (0.22, 0.24)), Western regions (AOR=0.46 (0.40, 0.54)), women decided with husband (AOR=0.90 (0.87, 0.93)), and husband alone (AOR=0.73 (0.71, 0.75)) were decreased the odds of modern contraceptive utilization. Conclusion: The uptake of modern contraception in sub-Saharan Africa is low. Modern contraceptive utilization is affected by different factors. More attention need to be given to rural residents, illiterate women, and communities with low wealth status.
Development and Preliminary Outcomes of a Behaviour-change Intervention Aimed at Preventing Mosquito-borne Arboviruses
Authors: Santos Silvana , Smania-Marques Roberta , Albino Victor Alves , Fernandes Izabelly Dutra , Mangueira Francisco Fernandes Abel , Olinda Ricardo , Bond Carol S , Matheson David , Traxler John 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: This article describes the development of the theoretical background, methodology and preliminary outcomes of a behaviour-change intervention aimed at preventing the spread of mosquito-borne arboviruses. Objective: To compare perceptions and behaviours, before and after the intervention, between a group of health workers (experts) with a group of college students (learners). Health workers have already learned the target behaviours that every citizen must develop to reduce the mosquito population; college students may or may not grasp these behaviours. Our working hypothesis considers that the intervention should approximate the pattern of students' perceptions, and behaviours to those of health workers.Methods: Using a distance-learning platform adapted for mobile devices, the intervention consisted of tasks that were presented through short videos with people performing the desired target behaviour. To demonstrate the accomplishment of the tasks, participants produced videos and shared these on social networks. A questionnaire was completed before and after the intervention by 58 participants, 31 college students and 27 health workers. Results: Most of the participants were female (83.9% and 72.2% of college students and health workers, respectively); 27.8% of health workers attended higher education and 70.4% were married contrasting with 9.8% of the students. Among college students, a significant difference in the chi-square test was found for all ten target behaviours after the intervention. ANOVA analysis showed that health workers have a higher perception of susceptibility and more fear of acquiring mosquito-borne arboviruses than students do, and there was a correlation between facilitating behaviours with behaviour change. Conclusion: Intervention based on behaviour change theories thus contributed to bring students' behaviour patterns closer to those of health workers. Here we have presented a model for effectuating behaviour change perhaps applicable in other settings.
A Real-World-Data Retrospective Cohort Study of Low Estrogen Receptor Positive Early Breast Cancer: Natural History and Treatment Outcomes.
Authors: Bari Shahla , Boulware David , Li Jiannong , Loftus Loretta , Soyano Aixa , Jameel Zena , Khong Hung , Czerniecki Brian , Costa Ricardo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Estrogen receptor–positive (ER + ) breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease with an ongoing debate regarding the optimal cutoff point for clinically relevant ER expression. We used a real-world database to assess prognostic and predictive values of lower ER expression levels on treatment outcomes with endocrine therapy. Methods: We used a nationwide electronic health record– (EHR-) derived deidentified database. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the association between ER expression, tumor characteristics, and treatment patterns among patients with earlystage BC. We used Kaplan-Meier survival curves to estimate relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). To assess an optimal ER expression level cut point, association between ER + expression and clinical outcomes were performed. Results: Among 4697 patients with early-stage BC, 83 (1.76%) had ER + -low BC (ER expression, 1%-9.99%), and 36 (0.8%) had ER + -intermediate BC (10%-19.9%). ER + -low tumors were associated with higher tumor grade, larger size and higher axillary tumor burden than ER + -high tumors (≥ 20% ER expression). African Americans had a higher prevalence of both triple-negative BC (TNBC; 21%) and ER + -low BC (22%) than ER + high tumors (8%). Patients with ER + -low and ER + -intermediate tumors had survival outcomes similar to patients with TNBC and worse survival outcomes than patients with ER + -high tumors ( P < .001). Tumors with <20% ER expression were associated with worse outcomes. Conclusions: Patients with ER expression levels < 20% BC have poor clinical outcomes similar to those with TNBC.
Assessment of operation safety risk for South-to-North Water Diversion Project: a fuzzy VIKOR-FMEA approach
Authors: Li Huimin , Guo Yinju , Li Feng , Cao Yongchao , Wang Lunyan , Ma Ying 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP) is a cross-basin large-scale water infrastructure, whose operational management faces many complex risks. This study constructs an operational safety risk analysis model based on fuzzy VIKOR-FMEA. First, the expert team used linguistic variables to evaluate the severity of each failure mode (S), frequency of occurrence (O), and difficulty of detection (D) in the failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA). Then, the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the maximal deviation approach were integrated to carry out risk factor weights. The risk factor weight analysis matrix integrates the subjective and objective weights to obtain the comprehensive weights of the risk factors. Secondly, VIKOR is introduced to improve the traditional FMEA model and is used to calculate the risk priority number. The case study shows that untimely flood protection, irregular maintenance, and untimely emergency response are in the top order. Finally, it is compared with the traditional FMEA method, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method, and provides a reference algorithm for risk analysis of operation management for the water diversion project.
Pilot-scale study on seeded precipitation assisted nanofiltration for flue-gas desulfurization wastewater softening
Authors: Duan Yawei , Zhong Zhencheng , Tong Zhenwei , Cheng Zihong , Xiong Rihua 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In order to reduce the cost of chemical softening, the seeded precipitation assisted nanofiltration (NF) process was introduced into zero liquid discharge (ZLD) of flue-gas desulfurization (FGD) wastewater treatment. A pilot-scale system was developed and run for 168 h in a coal-fired power plant. The system mainly consists of lime softening, ambient temperature crystallizer (ATC) and NF, in which the raw water treatment capacity was 1 m3/h. The results indicated that the system operated stably, the softening cost was 13.30 RMB/m3, and the electricity cost was 3.39 RMB/m3 for the FGD wastewater in this pilot system. High quality gypsum was got from the ATC unit, of which the purity was 95.8%. Through this system, the hardness removal rate was higher than 98.9% and the water recovery rate reached 96%. In addition, the pressure and permeate flux kept stable in the ultrafiltration (UF) unit and NF unit, indicating no scaling occurred in the two units during 168 h test. Thus, a feasible and cost-effective process was provided by using the seeded precipitation assisted NF to deal with the FGD wastewater.
A Review on the Arylpiperazine Derivatives as Potential Therapeutics for
the Treatment of Various Neurological Disorders
Authors: Kumar Bhupinder , Kumar Naveen , Thakur Amandeep , Kumar Vijay , Kumar Rakesh , Kumar Vinod 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Neurological disorders are disease conditions related to the neurons and central nervous system (CNS). Any structural, electrical, biochemical, and functional abnormalities in neurons can lead to various types of disorders, like Alzheimer’s disease (AD), depression, Parkinson’s disease (PD), epilepsy, stroke, etc. Currently available medicines are symptomatic and do not treat the disease state. Thus, novel CNS active agents with the potential to completely treat an illness are highly de-sired. A range of small organic molecules is being explored as potential drug candidates to cure dif-ferent neurological disorders. In this context, arylpiperazinehas been found to be a versatile scaffold and indispensable pharmacophore in many CNS active agents. Several molecules with arylpiperazine nucleus have been developed as potent leads for the treatment of AD, PD, depression, and other dis-orders. The arylpiperazine nucleus can be optionally substituted at different chemical structures and offer flexibility for the synthesis of a large number of derivatives. In the current review article, we have explored the role of various arylpiperazine containing scaffolds against different neurological disorders, including AD, PD, and depression. The structure-activity relationship studies were con-ducted for recognizing potent lead compounds. This review article may provide important insights into the structural requirements for designing and synthesizing effective molecules as curative agents for different neurological disorders.
Antiviral, Anticancer and Hypotensive Potential of Diphyllin Glycosides and their Mechanisms of Action
Authors: Nekrakalaya Bhagya , Ramaiah Chandrashekar Konambi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Diphyllin glycosides (DG) are a type of arylnaphthalene lignans isolated from different plants, and their synthetic derivatives have shown effective antiviral, cytotoxic, hypotensive and diuretic effects at very low concentrations similar to standard drugs that are under clinical use. The biological activities of the DG interfere with signaling pathways of viral infection and cancer induction. The sugar moieties of DG enhance bioavailability and pharmacological activities. The promising results of DG at nanomolar concentrations under in vitro and in vivo conditions should be explored further with clinical trials to determine its toxic effects, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. This may help identify suitable antiviral and anticancer drugs in the near future. Considering all these activities, the present review is focused on the chemical aspects of DG with a detailed account of the mechanisms of action of DG. An attempt is also made to comment on the status of clinical trials involving DG along with the possible limitations in studies based on available literature till September 2020.
Immunotherapy for Gastroesophageal Tumors: Is there still Hope for
Efficacy?
Authors: Ilhan-Mutlu Aysegul , Puhr Hannah Christina 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Immunotherapy represents one of the biggest breakthroughs of the 21st century and redefined
modern cancer treatment. Despite this new approach changing the treatment paradigm in
various cancer entities, including lung and head-and-neck cancer, the efficacy of these treatment
regimens varies in different patient subgroups, and so far, these treatment regimens have failed to
meet the high expectations of gastroesophageal cancer patients. This review discusses new treatment
approaches concerning immunotherapy in gastroesophageal cancer patients and sheds some
light on ongoing trials and new treatment combinations.