bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Not Only High Number and Specific Comorbidities but Also Age Are Closely Related to Progression and Poor Prognosis in Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Liu Dafeng , Zheng Yongli , Kang Jun , Wang Dongmei , Bai Lang , Mao Yi , Zha Guifang , Tang Hong , Zhang Renqing 
Published: January 2022

Background: Some patients with comorbidities and rapid disease progression have a poor prognosis.Aim: We aimed to investigate the characteristics of comorbidities and their relationship with disease progression and outcomes of COVID-19 patients.Methods: A total of 718 COVID-19 patients were divided into five clinical type groups and eight age-interval groups. The characteristics of comorbidities were compared between the different clinical type groups and between the different age-interval groups, and their relationships with disease progression and outcomes of COVID-19 patients were assessed.Results: Approximately 91.23% (655/718) of COVID-19 patients were younger than 60 years old. Approximately 64.76% (465/718) had one or more comorbidities, and common comorbidities included non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic hepatitis B (CHB), hyperuricaemia, and gout. COVID-19 patients with comorbidities were older, especially those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hypertension, DM, COPD, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CVD were mainly found in severe COVID-19 patients. According to spearman correlation analysis the number of comorbidities was correlated positively with disease severity, the number of comorbidities and NAFLD were correlated positively with virus negative conversion time, hypertension, CKD and CVD were primarily associated with those who died, and the above-mentioned correlation existed independently of age. Risk factors included age, the number of comorbidities and hyperlipidaemia for disease severity, the number of comorbidities, hyperlipidaemia, NAFLD and COPD for the virus negative conversion time, and the number of comorbidities and CKD for prognosis. Number of comorbidities and age played a predictive role in disease progression and outcomes.Conclusion: Not only high number and specific comorbidities but also age are closely related to progression and poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19. These findings provide a reference for clinicians to focus on not only the number and specific comorbidities but also age in COVID-19 patients to predict disease progression and prognosis.Clinical Trial Registry: Chinese Clinical Trial Register ChiCTR2000034563.
Factors Associated With the Presence of Foveal Bulge in Eyes With Resolved Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Wu Qiaowei , Hu Yijun , Liu Baoyi , Lin Zhanjie , Xiao Yu , Zeng Xiaomin , Fang Ying , Yan Ying , Ye Ya , Yan Ming , Huang Zhen , Yu Honghua , Song Yanping , Zang Siwen 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:To evaluate factors associated with the presence of foveal bulge (FB) in resolved diabetic macular edema (DME) eyes.Methods:A total of 165 eyes with complete integrity of ellipsoid zone (EZ) at the fovea and resolved DME were divided into two groups according to the presence of FB at 6 months after intravitreal injection of ranibizumab treatment. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central foveal thickness (CFT), outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness, height of serous retinal detachment (SRD) and non-SRD, and inner segment (IS) and outer segment (OS) lengths of the two groups were measured and compared at baseline and each follow-up. The correlations between the presence of FB and pre- and post-treatment factors were determined by logistic regression analysis.Results:At baseline, BCVA was significantly better, and CFT and incidence and height of SRD were significantly lower in the FB (+) group (allP&lt; 0.05). At 6 months, FB was present in 65 (39.39%) eyes. Post-treatment BCVA was significantly better and OS length was significantly longer in the FB (+) group at 6 months (allP&lt; 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified younger age, better BCVA, and lower CFT before treatment as significant predictors of the existence of FB at 6 months (allP&lt; 0.05). At 6 months, better BCVA and longer OS length were significantly correlated with the existence of FB (allP&lt; 0.05).Conclusions:Factors associated with the presence of FB after the resolution of DME include younger age, better baseline BCVA and lower baseline CFT, and better post-treatment BCVA and longer post-treatment OS length.
Study of Risk Factors for Total Attack Rate and Transmission Dynamics of Norovirus Outbreaks, Jiangsu Province, China, From 2012 to 2018
Authors: Ai Jing , Zhu Yuanzhao , Fu Jianguang , Cheng Xiaoqing , Zhang Xuefeng , Ji Hong , Liu Wendong , Rui Jia , Xu Jingwen , Yang Tianlong , Wang Yao , Liu Xingchun , Yang Meng , Lin Shengnan , Guo Xiaohao , Bao Changjun , Li Qun , Chen Tianmu 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of norovirus outbreaks in Jiangsu Province, utilize the total attack rate (TAR) and transmissibility (Runc) as the measurement indicators of the outbreak, and a statistical difference in risk factors associated with TAR and transmissibility was compared. Ultimately, this study aimed to provide scientific suggestions to develop the most appropriate prevention and control measures.Method: We collected epidemiological data from investigation reports of all norovirus outbreaks in Jiangsu Province from 2012 to 2018 and performed epidemiological descriptions, sequenced the genes of the positive specimens collected that were eligible for sequencing, created a database and calculated the TAR, constructed SEIAR and SEIARW transmission dynamic models to calculate Runc, and performed statistical analyses of risk factors associated with the TAR and Runc.Results: We collected a total of 206 reported outbreaks, of which 145 could be used to calculate transmissibility. The mean TAR in was 2.6% and the mean Runc was 12.2. The epidemiological characteristics of norovirus outbreaks showed an overall increasing trend in the number of norovirus outbreaks from 2012 to 2018; more outbreaks in southern Jiangsu than northern Jiangsu; more outbreaks in urban areas than in rural areas; outbreaks occurred mostly in autumn and winter. Most of the sites where outbreaks occurred were schools, especially primary schools. Interpersonal transmission accounted for the majority. Analysis of the genotypes of noroviruses revealed that the major genotypes of the viruses changed every 3 years, with the GII.2 [P16] type of norovirus dominating from 2016 to 2018. Statistical analysis of TAR associated with risk factors found statistical differences in all risk factors, including time (year, month, season), location (geographic location, type of settlement, type of premises), population (total number of susceptible people at the outbreak site), transmission route, and genotype (P &lt; 0.05). Statistical analysis of transmissibility associated with risk factors revealed that only transmissibility was statistically different between sites.Conclusions: The number of norovirus outbreaks in Jiangsu Province continues to increase during the follow-up period. Our findings highlight the impact of different factors on norovirus outbreaks and identify the key points of prevention and control in Jiangsu Province.
Gut Microbiome Distinguishes Patients With Epilepsy From Healthy Individuals
Authors: Cui Guangying , Liu Shanshuo , Liu Zhenguo , Chen Yuan , Wu Tianwen , Lou Jiamin , Wang Haiyu , Zou Yawen , Sun Ying , Rao Benchen , Ren Zhigang , Lian Yajun , Jiang Yan 
Published: January 2022

Objective: The gut microecosystem is the largest microecosystem in the human body and has been proven to be linked to neurological diseases. The main objective of this study was to characterize the fecal microbiome, investigate the differences between epilepsy patients and healthy controls, and evaluate the potential efficacy of the fecal microbiome as a diagnostic tool for epilepsy.Design: We collected 74 fecal samples from epilepsy patients (Eps, n = 24) and healthy controls (HCs, n = 50) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and subjected the samples to 16S rRNA MiSeq sequencing and analysis. We set up a train set and a test set, identified the optimal microbial markers for epilepsy after characterizing the gut microbiome in the former and built a diagnostic model, then validated it in the validation group.Results: There were significant differences in microbial communities between the two groups. The α-diversity of the HCs was higher than that of the epilepsy group, but the Venn diagram showed that there were more unique operational taxonomic unit (OTU) in the epilepsy group. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota increased significantly in Eps, while the relative abundance of Bacteroidota increased in HCs. Compared with HCs, Eps were enriched in 23 genera, including Faecalibacterium, Escherichia-Shigella, Subdoligranulum and Enterobacteriaceae-unclassified. In contrast, 59 genera including Bacteroides, Megamonas, Prevotella, Lachnospiraceae-unclassified and Blautia increased in the HCs. In Spearman correlation analysis, age, WBC, RBC, PLT, ALB, CREA, TBIL, Hb and Urea were positively correlated with most of the different OTUs. Seizure-type, course and frequency are negatively correlated with most of the different OTUs. In addition, twenty-two optimal microbial markers were identified by a fivefold cross-validation of the random forest model. In the established train set and test set, the area under the curve was 0.9771 and 0.993, respectively.Conclusion: Our study was the first to characterize the gut microbiome of Eps and HCs in central China and demonstrate the potential efficacy of microbial markers as a noninvasive biological diagnostic tool for epilepsy.
Dynamic PET Imaging Using Dual Texture Features
Authors: Ouyang Zhanglei , Zhao Shujun , Cheng Zhaoping , Duan Yanhua , Chen Zixiang , Zhang Na , Liang Dong , Hu Zhanli 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This study aims to explore the impact of adding texture features in dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) reconstruction of imaging results.Methods: We have improved a reconstruction method that combines radiological dual texture features. In this method, multiple short time frames are added to obtain composite frames, and the image reconstructed by composite frames is used as the prior image. We extract texture features from prior images by using the gray level-gradient cooccurrence matrix (GGCM) and gray-level run length matrix (GLRLM). The prior information contains the intensity of the prior image, the inverse difference moment of the GGCM and the long-run low gray-level emphasis of the GLRLM.Results: The computer simulation results show that, compared with the traditional maximum likelihood, the proposed method obtains a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the image obtained by dynamic PET reconstruction. Compared with similar methods, the proposed algorithm has a better normalized mean squared error (NMSE) and contrast recovery coefficient (CRC) at the tumor in the reconstructed image. Simulation studies on clinical patient images show that this method is also more accurate for reconstructing high-uptake lesions.Conclusion: By adding texture features to dynamic PET reconstruction, the reconstructed images are more accurate at the tumor.
Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion Presenting With Convulsive Movements: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zhang Dan , Chen Yigang , Hao Yonggang , Hu Xingyue , He Xudong 
Published: January 2022

Background and Purpose: Convulsive seizures related to posterior circulation stroke are considered rare. However, some patients with acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) can present with convulsive movements. Misdiagnosed as seizures may delay the reperfusion therapy for acute BAO. In this study, we have summarized the clinical features and possible mechanisms of BAO presenting with convulsive movements.Methods: We performed an Institutional Review Board-approved institutional database query from 2015 to 2020 and a literature search of the online database PubMed. Clinical data were collected and analyzed.Results: In total, 14 patients with acute BAO presented with convulsions. There were 10 men and 4 women, with a mean age of 53 (range, 23–77) years. All of these patients had different degrees of impaired consciousness (100.0%, 14/14). Convulsive movements were the initial symptoms in 78.6% (11/14) of patients. Further, 64.3% (9/14) of patients presented with paralysis or cranial nerve abnormalities, and 85.7% (12/14) of patients were treated with reperfusion therapy (thrombolysis, 35.7% [5/14]; endovascular thrombectomy, 64.3% [9/14]). The BAO etiology and mechanism were related to embolism, vessel dissections, and severe stenosis of the right vertebral artery in 57.1% (8/14), 21.4% (3/14), and 7.1% (1/14) of patients, respectively; they were undefined in 14.3% (2/14) of patients. Moreover, 42.9% (6/14) of patients had a 90-day modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2, and the mortality rate was 21.4% (3/14).Conclusions: Acute BAO, especially that related to embolism or vessel dissection, may present with convulsive movements. Acute BAO is a devastating, but treatable disease if diagnosed in time. Considering the possibility of BAO is important when dealing with patients presenting with acute-onset convulsive movements. Prompt diagnosis and reperfusion therapy may help achieve a better prognosis.
Quality of Beverage Intake and Cardiometabolic and Kidney Outcomes: Insights From the STANISLAS Cohort
Authors: Wagner Sandra , Merkling Thomas , Girerd Nicolas , Bozec Erwan , Van den Berghe Laurie , Hoge Axelle , Guillaume Michèle , Kanbay Mehmet , Cakir-Kiefer Céline , Thornton Simon N. , Boivin Jean-Marc , Mercklé Ludovic , Laville Martine , Rossignol Patrick , Nazare Julie-Anne 
Published: January 2022

Background and Aims: Beverages are an important aspect of diet, and their quality can possibly affect health. The Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) has been developed to take into account these effects. This study aimed to highlight the relationships between health and beverage quality by assessing the association of the HBI and its components with kidney and cardiometabolic (CM) outcomes in an initially healthy population-based familial cohort.Methods: This study included 1,271 participants from the STANISLAS cohort. The HBI, which includes 10 components of habitual beverage consumption, was calculated. Associations of the HBI and its components with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albuminuria, hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTG waist), metabolic syndrome (MetS), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), and left ventricular mass (LV mass) were analyzed using multivariable linear or logistic regression models.Results: The median HBI score was 89.7 (78.6–95) out of 100 points. While the overall HBI score was not significantly associated with any of the studied outcomes, individual HBI components were found differently associated with the outcomes. cfPWV and cIMT were lower in participants who did not meet the full-fat milk criteria (p = 0.03 and 0.001, respectively). In men, higher cfPWV was observed for the “low Fat milk” (p = 0.06) and “alcohol” (p = 0.03) non-adherence criteria. Odds of HTG waist were higher with the non-adherence to sugar-sweetened beverages criteria (p &lt; 0.001). eGFR was marginally higher with non-adherence to the coffee/tea criteria (p = 0.047).Conclusions: In this initially healthy population, HBI components were differently associated with kidney and cardiometabolic outcomes, despite a good overall HBI score. Our results highlight specific impacts of different beverage types and suggest that beverages could have an impact on kidney and cardiometabolic health.
Vegan Diet Is Associated With Favorable Effects on the Metabolic Performance of Intestinal Microbiota: A Cross-Sectional Multi-Omics Study
Authors: Prochazkova Magdalena , Budinska Eva , Kuzma Marek , Pelantova Helena , Hradecky Jaromir , Heczkova Marie , Daskova Nikola , Bratova Miriam , Modos Istvan , Videnska Petra , Splichalova Petra , Sowah Solomon A. , Kralova Maria , Henikova Marina , Selinger Eliska , Klima Krystof , Chalupsky Karel , Sedlacek Radislav , Landberg Rikard , Kühn Tilman , Gojda Jan , Cahova Monika 
Published: January 2022

Background and Aim: Plant-based diets are associated with potential health benefits, but the contribution of gut microbiota remains to be clarified. We aimed to identify differences in key features of microbiome composition and function with relevance to metabolic health in individuals adhering to a vegan vs. omnivore diet.Methods: This cross-sectional study involved lean, healthy vegans (n = 62) and omnivore (n = 33) subjects. We assessed their glucose and lipid metabolism and employed an integrated multi-omics approach (16S rRNA sequencing, metabolomics profiling) to compare dietary intake, metabolic health, gut microbiome, and fecal, serum, and urine metabolomes.Results: The vegans had more favorable glucose and lipid homeostasis profiles than the omnivores. Long-term reported adherence to a vegan diet affected only 14.8% of all detected bacterial genera in fecal microbiome. However, significant differences in vegan and omnivore metabolomes were observed. In feces, 43.3% of all identified metabolites were significantly different between the vegans and omnivores, such as amino acid fermentation products p-cresol, scatole, indole, methional (lower in the vegans), and polysaccharide fermentation product short- and medium-chain fatty acids (SCFAs, MCFAs), and their derivatives (higher in the vegans). Vegan serum metabolome differed markedly from the omnivores (55.8% of all metabolites), especially in amino acid composition, such as low BCAAs, high SCFAs (formic-, acetic-, propionic-, butyric acids), and dimethylsulfone, the latter two being potential host microbiome co-metabolites. Using a machine-learning approach, we tested the discriminative power of each dataset. Best results were obtained for serum metabolome (accuracy rate 91.6%).Conclusion: While only small differences in the gut microbiota were found between the groups, their metabolic activity differed substantially. In particular, we observed a significantly different abundance of fermentation products associated with protein and carbohydrate intakes in the vegans. Vegans had significantly lower abundances of potentially harmful (such as p-cresol, lithocholic acid, BCAAs, aromatic compounds, etc.) and higher occurrence of potentially beneficial metabolites (SCFAs and their derivatives).
Dynamic Associations of Milk Components With the Infant Gut Microbiome and Fecal Metabolites in a Mother–Infant Model by Microbiome, NMR Metabolomic, and Time-Series Clustering Analyses
Authors: Komatsu Yosuke , Kumakura Daiki , Seto Namiko , Izumi Hirohisa , Takeda Yasuhiro , Ohnishi Yuki , Nakaoka Shinji , Aizawa Tomoyasu 
Published: January 2022

Background: The gut microbiome and fecal metabolites of breastfed infants changes during lactation, and are influenced by breast milk components. This study aimed to investigate dynamic associations of milk components with the infant gut microbiome and fecal metabolites throughout the lactation period in a mother–infant model.Methods: One month after delivery, breast milk and subsequent infant feces were collected in a pair for 5 months from a mother and an exclusively breastfed infant. Composition of the fecal microbiome was determined with 16S rRNA sequencing. Low-molecular-weight metabolites, including human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), and antibacterial proteins were measured in feces and milk using 1H NMR metabolomics and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The association of milk bioactive components with the infant gut microbiome and fecal metabolites was determined with Python clustering and correlation analyses.Results: The HMOs in milk did not fluctuate throughout the lactation period. However, they began to disappear in infant feces at the beginning of month 4. Notably, at this time-point, a bifidobacterium species switching (from B. breve to B. longum subsp. infantis) occurred, accompanied by fluctuations in several metabolites including acetate and butyrate in infant feces.Conclusions: Milk bioactive components, such as HMOs, might play different roles in the exclusively breastfed infants depending on the lactation period.
Laparoscopic Versus Open Surgery for Early-Stage Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma After Mastering the Learning Curve: A Multicenter Data-Based Matched Study
Authors: Jinhuan Yang , Yi Wang , Yuanwen Zheng , Delin Ma , Xiaotian Chen , Yan Wang , Liming Deng , Haitao Yu , Lijun Wu , Tuo Deng , Kaiyu Chen , Jiawei Hu , Chongming Zheng , Daojie Wang , Bin Jin , Gang Chen 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundSurgical resection is the only widely accepted curative method for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). However, little is known about the efficacy of laparoscopic liver resection for ICC, especially in patients with early-stage disease. The aim of this study was to compare the short-term and long-term effects of laparoscopy and open surgery for the treatment of ICC.MethodsData from 1,084 patients treated at three hospitals from January 2011 to December 2018 were selected and analyzed. Propensity score matching was performed to compare the long-term outcomes (overall survival and recurrence-free survival) and short-term outcomes (perioperative outcomes) of all-stage and early-stage patients.ResultsAfter matching, 244 patients (122 vs. 122) in the all-stage group and 65 patients (27 vs. 38) in the early-stage group were included. The baseline of the two groups was balanced, and no significant differences were found in sex or age. The short-term results of the laparoscopic group were better than those of the open group, including less blood loss [blood loss ≥400 ml 27 (22.1%) vs. 6 (4.92%), p&lt;0.001 for all-stage, 12 (31.6%) vs. 2 (7.41%), p=0.042 for early stage), shorter surgery [200 (141; 249) min vs. 125 (115; 222) min, p=0.025 for early stage] and shorter hospital stay [11.0 (9.00; 16.0) days vs. 9.00 (7.00; 12.0) days, p=0.001 for all stage, 11.0 (8.50; 17.8) days vs. 9.00 (6.50; 11.0) days, p=0.011 for early stage]. Regarding long-term outcomes, no significant differences were found for all-stage patients, while there were significant differences observed for the early-stage group (p=0.013 for OS, p=0.014 for RFS). For the early-stage patients, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates of the OLR group were 84.2, 65.8, and 41.1%, respectively, and those of the LLR group were 100, 90.9, and 90.9%, respectively. The RFS rates of the OLR group were 84.2, 66.7, and 41.7%, respectively, and those of the LLR group were and 92.3, 92.3, and 92.3%, respectively.ConclusionPatients treated with laparoscopy seemed to have better short-term outcomes, such as less blood loss, shorter operation duration, and shorter hospital stay, than patients undergoing open surgery. Based on the long-term results, laparoscopic treatment for early ICC may have certain advantages.