bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outbreak investigation of community associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a primary and secondary school in Eastern Switzerland
Authors: Kahlert Christian R. , Waldeck Frederike , Seiffert Salome , Manser Susanne , Zemp Danuta , Walt Angela , Berger Christoph , Albrich Werner C. , Schlegel Matthias , Roloff Tim , Egli Adrian , Nolte Oliver 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: In 2018 the number of newly detected methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cases in children attending primary (age 6-12 years) and secondary school (age 13-16 years) nearly doubled compared to previous years.Methods: This observation initiated an epidemiological outbreak investigation including a cross-sectional study to determine source of the outbreak, colonization frequency and to identify risk factors for transmission using a questionnaire and to end the outbreak. Results: During the investigation, 49 individuals were detected with 57 corresponding isolates. Based on the case definition combined with whole genome sequencing, a core cluster was identified that shared common genetic features and a similar antimicrobial susceptibility pattern (efflux-mediated macrolide resistance, tetracycline susceptibility along with presence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin).Conclusions: Epidemiologic evaluation identified a distinct school as a common risk factor. However, the source of the clustered infections within that school could not be further specified. No further cases could be detected after decolonization of infected and colonized children.
Temperature-dependent IL6-STAT3-HSP90 axis mediates aquatic viral entry
Authors: li Junhua , Hou Guoli , lv Zhao , Liu Wenzhi , Xiong Shuting , Wang Xiaodong , Hu Liang , Ding Chunhua , Song Rui , Wang Hongquan , Zhang Yong-An , Xiao Tiaoyi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
IL6-STAT3 signaling is a canonical pro-inflammatory pathway that is evolutionarily conserved and plays important roles in both temperature related responses and virus infection. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning the temperature-dependent pathogenesis of aquatic viral diseases remains rudimentary. Here we deploy Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) infection as a model system to explore the temperature dependency of viral seasonality in ectotherms. We discovered that the temperature-dependent activation of IL6-STAT3 signaling was hijacked by GCRV to promote viral entry by increasing the expression of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). Further biochemical, transcriptomic, and microscopic analyses revealed that major capsid protein VP7 of GCRV interacted with HSP90 and relevant cytoskeleton proteins to enable viral entry. Accordingly, exogenous expression of either IL6, HSP90, or VP7 in cells engendered an increased viral entry in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, other viruses infecting invertebrate insects, ectothermic vertebrates (e.g., fish, amphibians), and endothermic mammals (e.g., swine, mouse, human) have evolved a similar mechanism to promote their infection. Altogether, our work delineates a pivotal role of the IL6-STAT3-HSP90 axis in the temperature-dependency of viral entry, pinpointing the feasibility of developing targeted therapies for viral diseases in the future.
Predicting fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing parturients via carotid artery blood flow and velocity time integral measured by carotid ultrasound: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Dai Shaobing , Wang Chun , Tao Xia , Shen Jianjun , Xu Lili 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundPresent evidence suggests that the Doppler ultrasonographic indices, such as carotid artery blood flow (CABF) and velocity time integral (VTI), have the ability to predict fluid responsiveness in non-obstetric spontaneous breathing patients. The purpose of this study was to assess their capacity to predict fluid responsiveness in parturients.MethodsIn this study, a total of 72 full term singleton parturients undergoing cesarean delivery were included in this study and CABF, VTI, and hemodynamic parameters were recorded before and after fluid challenge and assessed by carotid artery ultrasonography. Fluid responsiveness was defined as an increase in stroke volume index (SVI) of 15% or more after the fluid challenge.ResultsThirty-one (43%) patients were fluid responders. The area under the ROC curve to predict fluid responsiveness for CABF and VTI were 0.803 (95% CI, 0.701-0.905) and 0.821 (95% CI, 0.720-0.922). The optimal cut-off values of CABF and VTI for fluid responsiveness was 175.9 ml/min (sensitivity of 74.0%; specificity of 78.0%) and 8.7 cm/s (sensitivity of 67.0%; specificity of 90.0%). The grey zone for CABD and VTI were 114.2-175.9 ml/min and 6.8-8.7 cm/s.ConclusionsUltrasound evaluation of CABD and VTI seem to be the feasible parameters to predict fluid responsiveness in parturients undergoing elective cesarean delivery.Trial registrationThe trial was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) (www.chictr.org), registration number ChiCTR-ICR-1900022327. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (20180120).
Prioritizing skill action recognition of basketball using decision support system
Authors: He Yunxing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Human action understanding is vital in many computer vision applications, including sports narrative, virtual reality games, and human computer interaction (HCI) systems. To recognize human actions, a video stream or image sequence must contain many actions. For example, modern video surveillance systems need to recognize human action to improve financial institution security. Human action recognition can help with automatic sports narrative and video captioning. It's important for HCI, notably for virtual reality games, sports storytelling, and video captioning. However, complex backgrounds, action occlusion, and fluctuating lighting conditions make human action identification difficult nowadays. Basketball high-difficulty action recognition technology is used to identify and evaluate player movement. Video recognition is a vital tool for improving basketball instruction. Technology and injury limit traditional sports target recognition, preventing the desired effect. The current study has used decision support system for prioritizing the skill action recognition of basketball. The tool of super decision was used for the process of experimental work. Results of the experiments reveal that the proposed work is effective for prioritizing skill action recognition showed satisfactory results.
Ultrasound measurement of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in a Colombian healthy adult population
Authors: Trocha Guillermo , Bonilla Andrés , Romero Camilo , Palacios Jonathan , Molano-Gonzalez Nicolas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) provides a rapid, safe, and easy method for detecting increased intracranial pressure (ICP). However, normal mean and upper limit values may vary according to age, sex, ethnicity, and ultrasound laboratory.
Aim
We aim to obtain the mean of ONSD in a healthy Colombian adult population and correlate it with demographic and anthropometric measures.
Methods
In a prospective study using a 10-13MHz linear ultrasound probe, transverse bulb diameter (TBD) and ONSD in transverse (ONSD-TP) and sagittal plane (ONSD-SP) were measured in healthy adults volunteers in Bogota, Colombia.
Results
A 100 healthy subjects were included, mean age 26,7 ± 8,3 years with 62 women. For 95% of the subjects the mean TBD, ONSD-TP and ONSD-SP was 23.11mm (CI: 22.90mm-23.32mm), 3.96mm (CI: 3.85mm-4.07mm) and 4.0mm (CI: 3.90mm-4.11mm) respectively. ONSD in both planes ranged from 2.35mm to 5.20mm. There was a correlation between ONSD-SP and ONSD-TP (p < 0.0001) but no correlation between ocular measures and demographic or anthropometric variables (p > 0.05). Intraclass correlation between eyes was statistically significant.
Conclusion
Our study shows that ultrasound measured ONSD in healthy adults in Colombia is similar to those found worldwide. An ONSD of 5.5mm may be considered the upper limit for healthy adults in Colombia. ONSD could be measured in either plane, there is a good correlation between the two eyes and ONSD is not modified by demographic or anthropometric characteristics.
Specific mutations in the cholesterol-binding site of APP alter its processing and favor the production of shorter, less toxic Aβ peptides.
Authors: Hanbouch Linda , Schaack Béatrice , Kasri Amal , Fontaine Gaëlle , Gkanatsiou Eleni , Brinkmalm Gunnar , Camporesi Elena , Portelius Erik , Blennow Kaj , Mourier Gilles , Gilles Nicolas , Millan Mark J , Marquer Catherine , Zetterberg Henrik , Boussicault Lydie , Potier Marie-Claude 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Excess brain cholesterol is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). Here we evaluated how the presence of a cholesterol-binding site (CBS) in the transmembrane and juxtamembrane regions of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) regulates its processing.We generated nine point mutations in the APP gene, changing the charge and/or hydrophobicity of the amino-acids which were previously shown as part of the CBS. Most mutations triggered a reduction of amyloid-β peptides Aβ40 and Aβ42 secretion from transfected HEK293T cells. Only the K to A mutation at position 28 of Aβ in the APP sequence (APPK28A) resulted in a concomitant increase in the production of shorter Aβ peptides. Mass Spectrometry (MS) confirmed the predominance of Aβx-33 and Aβx-34. The enzymatic activity of α-, β- and g-secretases remained unchanged in cells expressing the APPK28A and all other mutants. Similarly, subcellular localization of the mutants in early endosomes did not differ from the APPWT protein. A transient increase of plasma membrane cholesterol enhanced the production of Aβ40 and Aβ42 by APPWT, an effect absent in APPK28A mutant. Finally, WT but not CBS mutant Aβ derived peptides bound to cholesterol-rich exosomes. Collectively, the present data revealed a major role of juxtamembrane amino acids of the APP CBS in modulating the production of toxic Aβ species. More generally, they underpin the role of cholesterol in the pathophysiology of AD.
Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Assessing the Subclinical Myocardial Dysfunction in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wang Zhenzhen , Li Wei , Li Ziyao , Liu Wei , Zhao Peng , Che Guoying , Wang Xudong , Di Zhixin , Tian Jiawei , Sun Litao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, and accompany asymptomatic deterioration of the myocardial function. This study aims to identify the subclinical impact of GDM on maternal left ventricular function by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE).Methods:We prospectively recruited 47 women with GDM and 62 healthy pregnant women who underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) at 24 to 28 weeks of pregnancy.GDM diagnosis was in agreement with the IADPSG criteria. TTE was performed according to the criteria of the American Society of Echocardiography. Conventional echocardiographic data and 2D-STE parameters were compared between the two groups.Results:Age, gestational weeks, heart rate, and conventional echocardiographic parameters had no difference between the two groups.The average LV global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS) of GDM patients was lower than controls (18.14±2.53 vs. 22.36±6.33, p<0.001). The LA reservoir and conduit strain in patients with GDM were also significantly reduced (32.71±6.64 vs. 38.00±7.06, 20.41±5.69 vs. 25.56±5.73, p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference in LA contractile function between the two groups. In multiple regression analysis, LV-GLS and LA conduit strain independently associated with GDM. Conclusions:2D-STE could detect the subclinical myocardial dysfunction more sensitively than conventional echocardiography, with LV-GLS and LA conduit strain as independent indicators of the GDM impact on maternal cardiac function during pregnancy.
A fluorescence aptasensor baesd on nanomagnetic material for sensitive and rapid detection of SMZ in animal-derived foods
Authors: Le Tao , Yan Xueling , Yang Lulan , Tang Jiaming , Wen Xu , Chen Xingyue , Zheng Xiaoling , Chen Lingling , Li Jiaqi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A fluorescence aptasensor was developed based on two-dimensional nanomagnetic materials Fe3O4/Au/g-C3N4 and FAM-labeled aptamer of sulfamethazine (FAM-SMZ1S) for sensitive and rapid detection of sulfamethazine (SMZ) in animal-derived foods. The aptasensor exhibited a high sensitivity with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.87 ng/mL (S/N = 3), the linear range from 1 ng/mL to 100 ng/mL. The performance of aptasensor was demonstrated in 10 real-world samples with the recovery rate in the range of 91.6%-106.82% and the coefficient of variation (CV) in the range of 2.8%-13.44%. In addition, the detection ability of the aptasensor was comparable with that of the HPLC as the detection results demonstrated good correlations (R2 > 0.9153). Therefore, the aptasensor can be a sensitive, accurate and rapid method for the detection of SMZ in animal-derived foods.
Co-designing a cancer care intervention: reflections of participants and a doctoral researcher on roles and contributions
Authors: Tanay Mary Anne Lagmay , Armes Jo , Oakley Catherine , Sage Lesley , Tanner Deb , Roca Jose , Bryson Liz , Greenall Barbara , Urwin Lauren , Wyatt Toni , Robert Glenn 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Patient & Public Involvement is most usually framed in the context of designing, conducting and/or disseminating research. Participatory methods such as Experience-Based Co-Design (EBCD) further allow service users to directly engage in developing, testing and implementing interventions and services alongside healthcare staff. This paper aims to explore how participants in an EBCD project came - over time - to perceive their role and involvement in co-designing a cancer care intervention.
Methods
The findings are based on our reflections, a research diary, email correspondence and fieldnotes from co-design events. Co-design participants who attended most of the ten co-design events took part through written reflections or audio-recorded video calls. Ten reflective pieces were collected from clinicians (n = 4), PPI group members/patient participants (n = 4), a doctoral researcher (n = 1) and a visual illustrator (n = 1). Inductive data analysis of participant reflections was carried out using reflexive thematic analysis. Meeting fieldnotes, email correspondence and the researcher’s diary were deductively analysed using the initial themes generated from this inductive analysis.
Results
Five main themes were identified: (1) changing perception of roles during the co-design process, (2) defining a ‘co-designer’, (3) engagement and ownership, (4) role of the research facilitator in maintaining momentum, and (5) perceived benefits of involvement.
Conclusion
Our findings show the changing perceptions of roles and contributions among participants over time. Patients typically described their role as co-designers in terms simply of sharing their experiences. In contrast, clinicians perceived themselves as co-designers because they were working with patients who were actively involved in decision-making. Levels of engagement were affected by several factors such as time and facilitation, but most participants came to view themselves as co-owners of the intervention. Overall, participants perceived their involvement as a positive experience with clinicians also reporting wider positive impacts on their clinical practice.
Risk for Behçet’s Disease Gauged via High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Korea
Authors: Kim Yeong Ho , Kim Hyun Jee , Park Jin Woo , Han Kyung Do , Park Yong Gyu , Lee Young Bok , Lee Ji Hyun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Behçet’s disease (BD) is a chronic inflammatory disease. Low levels of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are associated with Crohn’s disease, another chronic inflammatory disease. However, the effects of low HDL-C levels on BD are unclear.
Objectives
We investigated the effects of HDL-C levels, and variability therein, on the risk for BD.
Methods
We used the Korean National Health Insurance System database to identify 5,587,754 adults without a history of BD who underwent ≥ 3 medical examinations between 2010 and 2013. Mean HDL-C levels at each visit were used to calculate variability independent of the mean (VIM) and the coefficient of variation (CV).
Results
There were 676 new cases of BD (0.012%). The risk for BD was increased in participants with highly variable and low mean HDL-C levels. In a multivariate-adjusted model, the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for BD incidence were 1.335 (1.058–1.684) in a high mean/high VIM group, 1.527 (1.211–1.925) in a low mean/low VIM group, and 2.096 (1.67–2.63) in a low mean/high VIM group compared to a high mean/low VIM group.
Conclusions
Low mean HDL-C levels, and high variability therein, are independent risk factors for BD.
Effect of chronic exposure to fine particulate matter on cardiac tissue of NZBWF1 mice
Authors: Waked Dunia , Rodrigues Ana Clara Bastos , Silva Thamires Moraes , Yariwake Victor Yuji , Veras Mariana Matera 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Epidemiological and toxicological studies have shown that inhalation of particulate matter (PM) is associated with development of cardiovascular diseases. Long-term exposure to PM may increase the risk of cardiovascular events and reduce life expectancy. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease with autoimmune nature, characterized by the production of autoantibodies that affects several organs, including the heart. Caused by several factors, air pollution, may appear as one of the most important points on the onset and development of SLE. This study aims to investigate whether exposure to air pollution promotes increased inflammation and cardiac remodeling in animals predisposed to SLE. Female mice of NZBWF1, were used in an environmental particle concentrator. Aspects related to cardiac remodeling, inflammation and apoptosis in myocardium were analyzed. Body weight gain, cardiac trophism by heart/body weight ratio, relative area of cardiomyocytes and fibrotic area of cardiac tissue were evaluated during exposure period. Animals exposed to PM2.5 showed increased area of cardiomyocytes, and area of fibrosis, in addition, we observed an increase of IL-1 and C3 in cardiac tissue, demonstrating increased inflammation. We suggest that air pollution is capable of promoting cardiac remodeling and increased inflammation in animals predisposed to SLE.
Health Related Quality of Life among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Southern Province of Saudi Arabia Using WHOQOL-BREF: Cross Section Study
Authors: Hamdi Areej , Albasheer Osama , Bajawi Amenah , Hamdi Shatha , Awaf Aisha , Madkhali Tahani , Sabai Abdallah , Zaino Mohammad R , Somaili Mohammed 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Quality of life has become a more important health outcome with advancements in medical therapies and disease management, leading to better lives of people in general and in particular those living with chronic diseases. Diabetes has a direct impact on physical, psychological and social aspects of personal health. The aim of this study is to determine the health related quality of life and its predictors in patients with type 2 diabetesMethod: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 420 patients with type II diabetes presented to primary health care centers in Samtah town, Saudi Arabia from March 2017 to February 2018. The HRQoL of the study participants was determined with reference to the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF. Multi-level linear regression was employed to ascertain associated factors with HRQOL among patients with type II diabetes.Results: Female had significantly higher HbA1c, anxiety, depression and stress scores, and a lower HRQL in subscales physical, psychological and environmental health as compared with the male (P<0.001). All subscales of HRQL were significantly lower in age group > 50 years. When compared to those with low level of education (Illiterate, Primary or Elementary school), patients with secondary and bachelors education had significantly higher HRQOL in all subscales of HRQL (P<0.001). In addition, there were significant differences in glycemic control and HRQL with longer duration of diabetes, presence of one or more diabetes complications and presence of comorbid hypertension (P<0.001). However, no significant differences in DASS index were observed with longer duration of diabetes and the presence of comorbid hypertension. Diabetes patients on combined therapy and healthy diet and exercising showed significantly higher HRQOL on physical functioning (P<0.001).Conclusion: Presence of type 2 diabetes greatly impaired health related quality of life and mental health among the study participants. Female had the worsen quality of life and mental health compared with the male. The age, duration of diabetes, comorbid hypertension, diabetes complications and the levels of education were significant predictors of HRQOL and mental health. Healthy diet and exercising when combined with hypoglycemic and insulin therapy greatly improve HRQOL and mental health among diabetes patients. Scales that are based on a broad definition of health such as the WHOQOL-BREF are appropriate for use in primary care setting and can enhance patient management and care.
Focus on self-presentation on social media across sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, and personality: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Hjetland Gunnhild Johnsen , Finserås Turi Reiten , Sivertsen Børge , Colman Ian , Hella Randi Træland , Skogen Jens Christoffer 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Aspects of self-presentation on social media such as feedback-seeking, strategic self-presentation, and social comparison, may represent risk factors for experiencing negative mental health effects of social media use. The aim of this exploratory study was to assess how adolescents differ in aspects of self-presentation on social media, and whether these differences are linked to sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, or personality. The study was based on a cross-sectional survey performed in Bergen, Norway, and included 2,023 senior high school pupils (response rate 54%, mean age 17.4, 44% males). Nine self-presentation items were assessed using factor analysis, and latent class analysis was used to identify latent classes with distinct patterns of responses across the seven retained items. Associations between identified latent classes and covariates were assessed using regression analyses as well as non-parametric approaches. The self-presentation items converged into one factor, called ‘focus on self-presentation’. We identified three groups of adolescents with low, intermediate, and high focus on self-presentation. Membership in the high-focus group was associated with female gender, higher extraversion, lower emotional stability, more frequent alcohol consumption, and having tried tobacco. These results suggest some characteristics that are associated with a higher focus on self-presentation and that could inform targeted interventions.