bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of indoor air quality at a university hospital using CFD and GIS
Authors: Çoşgun A. , Koyun T. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Because the air conditioning systems in hospital operating rooms, which are among the most difficult work environments in the healthcare sector, require a certain level of quality in the settings, their installation, operation, maintenance, and design have become an important part of engineering applications. The main functions of these systems are air distribution (air velocity, air flow patterns, flow direction), humidification, and filtering (removal of dust particles, bacteria, viruses, and fungi), and these functions serve to preserve the surgical macro and micro settings and provide the ideal conditions to prevent contamination. The factors that affect the design of ventilation systems in operating rooms include surgical lights, medical equipment, and personnel. Among these factors, thermal loads and the presence of obstacles are particularly important. The design of the air flow patterns in operating rooms is crucial for ensuring air quality and providing patients and surgical team members with a healthy environment. Some situations that affect the performance of ventilation systems in hospitals, especially operating rooms, may be listed as the number of employees, door openings and the associated rate of increase in particle concentrations in the environment, corridors, the frequency at which doors are opened and closed, as well as the air flow rate changing depending on this frequency, and operating room contaminations. In this study, particulate matter (PM) measurements were made for PM0.3, PM0.5, PM1, and PM5 concentrations in Operating Room 19 at Akdeniz University Hospital, which is world-famous for face transplants, in Turkey, and these measurements were analyzed using the GIS (geographic information system) method and the ANSYS CFD (computational fluid dynamics) package program. The results were evaluated from an engineering perspective. Accordingly, it was determined that spatial maps of factors that affect indoor air quality, including temperature, humidity, PM, and VOC, could be produced using the GIS method, and the results could be evaluated better using a CFD package program. It is seen that PM distributions in an operating room could be evaluated from an engineering perspective using the GIS and CFD methods together. The unique aspect of the study is the fact that spatial distribution maps of PM reaching an operating table in an operating room were created, and different analysis techniques were used to investigate relevant parameters.
Resisting the Given(s): Enacting Teacher Professional Learning and Development Differently
Authors: Nicoll Antipas Philippa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Under the professional obligations set by the Teaching Council of Aotearoa New Zealand, teachers are expected to undertake professional learning and development (PLD). Additionally, both the Teaching Council and the New Zealand Curriculum strongly encourage ‘teaching as inquiry’ as a framework for engaging with PLD. However, PLD can also be used for political purposes, for example to support the current coalition government’s desire for structured approaches to literacy and numeracy. Ministry of Education processes and language around PLD position it as a formal, product-driven event which will lead, linearly, to improved student performance. This narrow view moves away from what literature and research suggest constitutes good teacher PLD and helps establish what is ‘given’ about PLD in Aotearoa New Zealand. Current education policy renders some PLD opportunities more thinkable, sayable, doable than others. This paper examines a possible practice of resistance to the given(s), in the form of teachers playing a collective, board game-like activity. As they play, teachers design their own PLD opportunity—interrupting their own assumptions (their givens) to do so. Through playing the collective activity, teachers enter into a metacognitive space where they co-create knowledge as and for PLD. They co-create a PLD opportunity for themselves and their colleagues, and they expand their knowledge about the possible nature and form of PLD.
Testfilter experiments for defining dissolved organic carbon biodegradation during riverbank filtration at different temperatures
Authors: Zehtabian Elnaz , Rau Cindy , Musche Fabian , Grischek Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The aims of this study are to (1) determine the BDOC in Elbe River water to compare with data from former studies, (2) to check the impact of changes in river water temperature (10, 20, and 25 °C). Four columns were filled with vulcanite pumice stone (for minimizing adsorption capacity), each of them having a separate reservoir feed with filtered Elbe River water. The ultraviolet absorption at 254 nm (UV254) was determined. DOC concentration was measured after 7, 10, and 14 days. Results represent that the main DOC degradation happens within an effective contact time of 5–7 days. Temperature increasing from 10 to 20 °C, raised the DOC degradation from 19 to 23%. By increasing the temperature to 25 °C, a higher DOC removal was observed than at 10 and 20 °C. This was expected due to higher biological activity at higher temperatures (BDOC increased from 23 to 26%). An increase in temperature by 15 Kelvin signified 30% more UV254 removal, expressing the effect of temperature variation on the attenuation of organic compounds. The difference in UV254 reduction at 25 °C compared to 20 °C was lower. A comparison with old data sets of last 22 years for Elbe River water at 20 °C shows that UV254 reduction (~ 27%) slightly increased but DOC biodegradation rate slightly decreased from ~ 27 to ~ 23%.
Determining Robust Optimal Pumping Solutions in a Heterogeneous Coastal Aquifer Using a Robust Decision-Making Approach and Bargaining Theory to Resolve Multiple Sources of Uncertainty
Authors: Ranjbar Ali , Cherubini Claudia , Baldock Tom 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper analyses the impact of heterogeneity in the horizontal hydraulic conductivity field (
$${K}_{hf}$$
) on the optimal pumping scenarios in a coastal aquifer and presents a multi-objective management framework to select robust optimal scenarios under high levels of uncertainty. Model speed is significantly improved by training an M5 Decision Tree (MDT) algorithm as a fast surrogate model for the density-dependent flow (DDF) in the SEAWAT code. The developed Tree model was linked to a non-dominated genetic algorithm (NSGAII) to determine Pareto optimal solutions, with the aim of maximizing total pumping volume and minimizing saltwater intrusion in a real case study, i.e., the Qom-Kahak aquifer, Iran. A linear sensitivity analysis explores the relationship between Pareto curves in response to variations in calibrated values of
$${K}_{hf}$$
to quantify robust scenarios by a robust decision-making technique. Finally, the conflict resolution between minimum saltwater intrusion length, maximum pumping rate and robustness values is solved using a non-cooperative Nash bargaining theory. Results indicate that maintaining discharge from the pumping wells located far from 3 observation points in the case study, especially near the Salt Lake boundary, increases uncertainty in the Pareto solutions, where increasing
$${K}_{hf}$$
by up to 30% of calibrated values induces a maximum 12% shift in the Pareto front for the scenario which led to high saltwater intrusion lengths. Moreover, the non-robust scenario causes the saltwater intrusion
$$\overline{SWI }$$
zone to sharply advance to the area with a large number of pumping wells, while the scenario with high Nash product values led to a relatively uniform salinized zone which satisfies the allowed SWI length in 5 agricultural zones. In total, the developed MDT-NSGAII model is a computationally effective simulation–optimization model to find the Pareto front with 55 decision variables while achieving a 95% reduction in CPU time compared to the SEAWAT-NSGAII technique.
Adsorptive-photocatalytic removal of tetracycline from wastewater by Fe3O4- and SnO2-containing biochar nanocomposites
Authors: Zhang Chuchen , Zhao Shuwen , Huang Qilan , Liu Jianqiao , Zhang Qianru 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Tetracycline poses a major threat to the aquatic environment and human health, and there is an urgent need for a green, efficient and recyclable technological means to remove its negative effects. To address this need, three Fe3O4@SnO2 modified wheat straw biochar nanocomposites with different Fe/Sn content ratios (Fe/Sn = 0.5, Fe/Sn = 1, and Fe/Sn = 2) were prepared by pyrolysis. The adsorption and degradation properties and related mechanisms of Fe3O4@SnO2 modified wheat straw biochar nanocomposites were investigated by adsorption, degradation and free radical quenching experiments, as well as EPR analysis. The removal of tetracycline by Fe3O4@SnO2 modified wheat straw biochar nanocomposites (Fe/Sn = 0.5) at pH 7.0 within 3 h was up to 91.80%, which is in accordance with the quasi-primary kinetic model. Under the interference of inorganic anions and cations, the removal of tetracycline by the composites was not affected by the coexisting ions except Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3
− and CO3
2−. The composites were able to efficiently remove tetracycline from pharmaceutical wastewater with a removal rate of 82.33%. It was found that the composites could be reused at least five times. FTIR, XPS combined with DFT calculations elucidated the mechanism of tetracycline removal by the composites, with •OH and •O2
− being the main substances involved in the photodegradation of tetracycline, the incorporation of manganese dioxide quantum dots enhancing the response to visible light, and the incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles resulting in rapid charge transfer and improved spatial separation of photogenerated carriers. The modification measures significantly increased the specific surface area of the biochar and enhanced the adsorption and photocatalytic properties. Based on these studies, the developed nanocomposites provide a new idea for the removal of antibiotics from pharmaceutical wastewater.

Graphical Abstract
The Ramanujan and Sato–Tate Conjectures for Bianchi modular forms
Authors: Boxer George , Calegari Frank , Gee Toby , Newton James , Thorne Jack A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We prove the Ramanujan and Sato–Tate conjectures for Bianchi modular forms of weight at least

$2$

. More generally, we prove these conjectures for all regular algebraic cuspidal automorphic representations of

$\operatorname {\mathrm {GL}}_2(\mathbf {A}_F)$

of parallel weight, where F is any CM field. We deduce these theorems from a new potential automorphy theorem for the symmetric powers of

$2$

-dimensional compatible systems of Galois representations of parallel weight.
Trends and associated factors of animal source foods consumption among children aged 6–23 months in Bangladesh: evidence from four consecutive national surveys
Authors: Hassan Rafid , Mahbub Md Jarif , Ali Masum , Mbogori Teresia , Amin Md Ruhul 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Animal source foods (ASF) are nutrient-dense and essential for the growth and development of children. The Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2022 reported that approximately two-thirds of children aged 6–23 months consumed eggs/flesh foods. However, overall consumption patterns, trends, and factors influencing ASF intake among children in Bangladesh were not well-documented. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the trends and associated factors of ASF consumption among children aged 6–23 months in Bangladesh. A total of 9401 children were extracted from four consecutive BDHS (2011, 2014, 2017/18, and 2022). The Cochran-Armitage test was conducted to assess the trends in ASF consumption, while a two-stage multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression was performed to identify the associated factors. The consumption of ASF significantly increased to 79.1% in 2017/18 from 67% in 2011 but decreased to 73.3% in 2022. ASF consumption was found to be higher among children whose mothers were educated (AOR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.30–1.98), employed in either agricultural (AOR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.04–1.54) or non-agricultural (AOR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.07–1.72) activities, pregnant (AOR = 2.54, 95% CI = 1.66–3.87), had received ANC 1–3 times (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.20–1.72) or ≥4 times (AOR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.29–1.95), and was exposed to media (AOR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.04–1.39). Furthermore, consumption increased with increasing the age of children, and the wealth of their families. However, children who experienced illness were less likely to consume ASF (AOR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.68–0.86). The recent declines in ASF consumption emphasize the need for targeted interventions to increase ASF consumption among children in Bangladesh.
A Translocal Compromise: Adoption of Anti-corruption Reforms in East Timor
Authors: Reheem Shaila Sapna 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article examines what happens when plural normative ideas and arrangements to address an issue reach local settings through transnational networks. Using anti-corruption reforms in East Timor as the lens, I show the diverse normative aspirations of international and local actors involved in transferring and receiving new regulatory arrangements. By proposing compromise as another possible outcome of transnational legal transfers, the study examines how compromises shape the scope and limits of adopted regulations. The anti-corruption reforms case study from East Timor allows us to identify when and how translocal compromises occur, who is part of such compromises, and how they influence the legal transfer and adoption process. Drawing on insights from comparative law, law and society, and regulation studies scholarship, the article provides a bottom-up perspective of transnational legal reforms, illustrating the entanglements of these initiatives with the local politics, conflicts, and power struggles. The findings underscore the need for more qualitative studies on legal transfers where multiple international and local actors are involved, capturing how their power struggles shape the scope and limits of regulatory arrangements that are ultimately adopted. By illustrating the interactions between local, national, and international actors, the article contributes to understanding the complexities, possibilities, and limits of transnational legal reform initiatives in specific contexts.
Educating for Democracy? Going to College Increases Political Participation
Authors: Jensen Andreas Videbæk 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
It is a long-standing view that educational institutions sustain democracy by building an engaged citizenry. However, recent scholarship has seriously questioned whether going to college increases political participation. While these studies have been ingenious in using natural experiments to credibly estimate the causal effect of college, most have produced estimates with high statistical uncertainty. I contend that college matters: I argue that, together, prior effect estimates are just as compatible with a positive effect as a null effect. Furthermore, analyzing two-panel datasets of

$n \approx 10,000$

young US voters, using a well-powered difference-in-differences design, I find that attending college leads to a substantive increase in voter turnout. Importantly, these findings are consistent with the statistically uncertain but positive estimates in previous studies. This calls for updating our view of the education-participation relationship, suggesting that statistical uncertainty in prior studies may have concealed that college education has substantive civic returns.
Alois Musil (1868–1944), the Moravian Lawrence of Arabia: The Question of Coloniality in Central Europe
Authors: Rampley Matthew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A recurring issue of debate for scholars of Central Europe has been the extent to which analyses of European colonialism apply to Austria-Hungary and its successor states. This article considers this issue in relation to the theologian, archeologist, and scholar of Arabic culture, Alois Musil (1868–1940). Long celebrated in Austria and Czechoslovakia, he has seldom been subject to critical analysis. A loyal Habsburg subject—and confessor to the Empress Zita until 1918—then an enthusiastic promoter of Czechoslovakia and co-founder of the Institute of Oriental Studies in Prague, Musil was a striking example of how individuals in Central Europe adapted to changing political realities. The article focuses in particular on his attitudes to European colonialism. On the one hand, he was critical of British and Italian colonialism, but he worked to further Habsburg imperial interests in the Middle East. When discussing Japanese ambitions in the 1930s, he emphasized the superiority of European colonial rule. He illustrates the complex stance of many Czechs (and other Central Europeans) toward colonialism. They imagined they were innocent of its taint but were in fact enmeshed in it, often endorsing it or acting as agents of the schemes of the European powers.
Acquisition of Morphological Variation: An Elicitation Experiment on Children’s Production of Parallel Forms in Croatian and Estonian
Authors: Vihman Virve-Anneli , Hržica Gordana , Aigro Mari , Košutar Sara , Bošnjak Botica Tomislava 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Children’s acquisition of variation in the target language depends on a number of factors not yet well understood. This study probes the acquisition of morphological variation in two unrelated languages, Croatian (Slavic) and Estonian (Finnic), focussing on parallel forms of a lexeme expressing a single grammatical category (a phenomenon known as morphological overabundance). We conducted a cross-linguistic elicitation experiment with 140 monolingual, typically developing children aged 3;0 to 6;11 (80 learning Croatian, 60 Estonian). We elicited genitive plural forms in Croatian and partitive plural in Estonian, with lexemes which either are invariant or allow more than one form. Children in both languages were less accurate with lexemes with parallel forms, indicating that the morphological variation hindered acquisition. Pattern type frequency was found to affect accuracy in both languages. Children’s choice between two parallel forms was unaffected by age, but significant language-specific differences emerged.
Differences in breeding phenology between two geographically separated populations of the ʻuaʻu (Hawaiian Petrel Pterodroma sandwichensis)
Authors: Raine A. F. , Driskill S. , Sprague R. , Rothe J. , Caceres G. , Schuetz J. , McFarlin M. , Travers M. S. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The ʻuaʻu, or Hawaiian Petrel Pterodroma sandwichensis, is an endangered seabird endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. Genetic, morphometric, and behavioural differences have previously been found between different island populations of the species. Understanding the breeding phenology of different populations of ʻuaʻu is therefore vital for conservation actions targeting the species. To assess breeding phenology of ʻuaʻu on the islands of Kauaʻi and Lānaʻi, two main techniques were used over a 12-year period: direct burrow monitoring and burrow cameras. The breeding phenology of the ʻuaʻu is described based on this data. On Kauaʻi, breeding birds arrive in the middle of April, undergo an exodus of approximately one month, and return to lay in the beginning of June. Incubation continues until early August, followed by chick-rearing, which ends on average two weeks before the chick fledges. Fledging starts in mid-October, peaks in mid-November, and ends in the third week of December. Lānaʻi birds arrive two weeks earlier and fledge one week earlier than on Kauaʻi. On both islands breeding was asynchronous with a 68-day (Kauaʻi) and 48-day (Lānaʻi) gap between first and last fledging birds. Considering phenology data across its entire Hawaiian range, ʻuaʻu first arrive on east Maui, then Lānaʻi, Hawaiʻi Island, and Kauaʻi in that order. These differences in timing presumably reflect and/or reinforce genetic differentiation between subpopulations of the species. The utility of this information is discussed in terms of directing management actions towards key periods of vulnerability to introduced predators, including peak incubation, chick emergence, and chick exercise periods. Description of island-specific phenologies is also critical to inform efforts to rescue fledglings disoriented by artificial light, mitigate powerline collisions, and refine existing monitoring and restoration projects. Future work using acoustic monitoring and data collected at social attraction sites is recommended for assessing the phenology of non-breeders at colonies.
Unveiling Materiality: Investigating Cuneiform Tablet Production Tradition in Egypt through Amarna Tablets
Authors: Mynářová Jana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article examines a frequently overlooked aspect of cuneiform writing in Egypt: the materiality and technology involved in the production of cuneiform tablets, with a particular focus on the process of tablet firing. It is argued that firing was an integral part of tablet production that required learning and practice by the Amarna scribes. The successful firing of tablets to temperatures around 800°C is attributed to the robust and longstanding tradition of tablet manufacture in Mesopotamia, Anatolia, northern Syria and Hazor. In contrast, the lower firing temperatures observed in tablets from Egypt, Alašiya and much of the Levant are associated with the production and firing of cuneiform tablets as a recent technological innovation that required thorough mastery.
Asymmetric facial edema with transdermal fentanyl: when listening to patients and caregivers helps to diagnose
Authors: Simões Carolina , Julião Miguel , Calaveiras Patrícia , Câmara Paula , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Dignity Therapy (DT) is a brief psychotherapeutic intervention designed to address the psychosocial and spiritual needs of terminally ill patients. Research demonstrates DT’s efficacy in reducing dignity-related distress and alleviating psychosocial symptoms like depression and anxiety in terminally ill patients. Its application has been extended to non-terminal patients with chronic conditions, mental health challenges, and children nearing the end of life, with promising results. However, the potential for proxy applications, such as posthumous p-DT (p-DT) - conducted by relatives after a patient’s death or on behalf of individuals unable to participate - remains underexplored.

Methods
A case series report that examines three relatives who engaged in posthumous p-DT, highlighting its feasibility and potential benefits.

Results
p-DT seems to benefit families and caregivers, promoting emotional resilience and facilitating grieving.

Significance of results
Findings suggest p-DT may serve as a valuable tool for bereavement support, warranting further research to expand its scope and accessibility.