bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics, relationships and precision of direct acoustic-to-seismic coupling measurements from local explosions
Authors: Anthony Robert E , Watzak Joshua , Ringler Adam T , Wilson David C 
Published: April 2022

SUMMARY
Acoustic energy originating from explosions, sonic booms, bolides and thunderclaps have been recorded on seismometers since the 1950s. Direct pressure loading from the passing acoustic wave has been modelled and consistently observed to produce ground deformations of the near surface that have retrograde elliptical particle motions. In the past decade, increased deployments of colocated seismometers and infrasound sensors have driven efforts to use the transfer function between direct acoustic-to-seismic coupling to infer near-surface material properties including seismic velocity structure and elastic moduli. In this study, we use a small aperture (≈600 m) array of broadband seismometers installed in different manners and depths in both granite and sedimentary overburden to understand the fundamental nature and repeatability of seismic excitation from 1 to 15 Hz using horizontally propagating acoustic waves generated by 97 local (2–10 km) explosions. In agreement with modelling, we find that the ground motions induced by acoustic-to-seismic coupling attenuate rapidly with depth. We confirm the modelled relation between acoustic and ground motion amplitudes, but show that within one acoustic wavelength, the uncertainty in the transfer coefficient between seismic and acoustic energy at a given seismic station increases linearly with separation distance between the seismic and acoustic sensor. We attribute this observation to the rapid decorrelation of the infrasonic wavefield across small spatial scales and recommend colocating seismic and infrasound sensors for use in studies seeking to invert for near-surface material properties. Additionally, contrary to acoustic-to-seismic coupling theory and prior observations, we find that seismometers emplaced in granite do not record retrograde elliptical particle motions in response to direct pressure loading. We rule out seismometer tilt effects as a likely source of this observations and suggest that existing models of acoustic-to-seismic excitation may be too simplistic for seismometers placed in high rigidity materials.
Practicing functional nasal surgery in the non-urban setting: experience from a single center
Authors: Tham Tristan , Saleem Matthew I , Hawthorne McKenna , Georgolios Alexandros 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Nasal airway obstruction is a prevalent chief complaint in the contemporary facial plastic surgery practice. Studies report an asymmetric distribution of plastic surgeons across the United States with a disproportionately high concentration of surgeons practicing in urban areas. The lack of elective specialist care creates unique challenges for these patients who may need to travel and dedicate time to reach a nasal surgery expert. We conducted a retrospective chart review to report our experience from practicing functional nasal surgery in such a non-urban setting in the United States. A total of 103 patients underwent functional nasal surgery (FNS) between May 2015 and August 2021 including septoplasty, inferior turbinate reduction, septorhinoplasty and nasal valve procedures. We present the epidemiological characteristics, surgical techniques used and postoperative complications and illuminate the unique characteristics of practicing FNS in the non-urban setting.
Five-Year PTSD Symptom Remission in Two Patients Following Treatment With Rivastigmine
Authors: Rudzki Stephan , Praet Stephan 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The beneficial effect of rivastigmine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEi), which increases levels of acetylcholine (ACh), was first reported in 2013. This paper replicates those findings and reports sustained symptom remission.

Methods and Materials
The high-frequency (HF) component of heart rate variability (HRV) is a measure of cholinergic withdrawal and was measured using a Zephyr Bioharness HR monitor, pre- and post-commencement of treatment. Data analysis was performed using Kubios HRV software. PTSD symptom severity was assessed using the Post-Traumatic Checklist—Civilian (PCL-C).

Results
Low HF HRV was observed in both patients before rivastigmine treatment and reductions in PCL-C scores paralleled increases in HF HRV values. Follow-up revealed low HF HRV values in both patients despite PCL-C scores indicating remission. Sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity was observed in one patient, just before a suicide attempt. Following rivastigmine treatment, the patient had no further suicidal ideation or attempts. Another patient reported worsening of her PTSD symptoms in the peri-menstrual period, which was abolished by rivastigmine. She also experienced symptom relapse following prolonged infections.

Conclusion
Low HF HRV has been reported in PTSD patients, but findings have been inconsistent. Cholinergic withdrawal could explain the disturbances in sleep, learning, and memory seen in PTSD patients. The relapse of symptoms following prolonged infection implicates the immune system as a possible initiator of the disorder. ACh and estrogen have anti-inflammatory properties, supporting a possible role of inflammation in initiating PTSD. The effect of rivastigmine treatment should be tested in properly controlled clinical trials.
Physical Tests to Predict Combat Task Performance Among Brazilian Air Force Infantry Cadets
Authors: Botta Willian C , Franchini Emerson , Gabriel-Costa Daniele , Campos Fábio A D 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The Brazilian Air Force (BAF) personnel must be prepared to perform their professional activities under the worst conditions. This preparation goes beyond habits of practicing physical activity, since it is necessary to perform specific physical tasks, referred to as “combat tasks” (CTs). This study aimed to investigate a combination of specific physical tests (SPTs) for predicting physical performance on simulated tasks (STs) that mimicked the performance of CTs.

Materials and Methods
Thirty infantry cadets from the BAF took part in anthropometric assessments, 11 SPTs, and 3 STs, during 7 testing days. Bivariate Pearson’s correlation was used to determine linear relationships between SPT and ST results, and multiple linear regression models were used to identify test batteries that significantly predicted performance on STs. The level of significance was set at 5%. The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of the BAF (protocol code 15796819.4.0000.5250, date of approval September 25, 2019).

Results
The greatest predictive power was obtained by the test battery that consisted of sprint–drag–carry, leg tucks, and handgrip strength (R2 = 0.56, P &lt; .01). Conversely, the test battery comprised of push-ups, sit-ups, and 12-minute run (which represents the conventional physical test of the BAF), which presented the lowest predictive power (R2 = 0.14, P &lt; .05).

Conclusions
In conclusion, this study identified a test battery for predicting performance on the following STs: foot march, casualty drag, and move under direct fire. This finding represents the first step to improve the reliability of the BAF physical assessments, focusing on combat readiness levels.
Natural history of Behçet’s disease focusing on remission of oral ulcers
Authors: Tomizuka Takafumi , Kikuchi Hirotoshi , Okubo Mai , Asako Kurumi , Miyata Satoshi , Kono Hajime 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To describe the long-term clinical course of each manifestation of Behçet’s disease (BD) and clarify factors involved in oral ulcer (OU) remission using clinical information of BD patients.

Methods
We retrospectively studied 155 BD patients visiting our hospital (1989–2020). We defined remission criteria for each manifestation and examined long-term clinical changes. Classification and regression trees and multivariable analyses were performed to investigate OU prognostic factors; hazard ratios were used to assign scores to prognostic factors deemed significant [OU prognosis score (OuP score)]. Risk stratification was examined by dividing the OuP scores into four stages.

Results
OUs appeared earliest, with the slowest decline in prevalence observed post-BD diagnosis. OU presence was the most common factor inhibiting complete remission. Young age at OU onset, never smoker, presence of genital ulcers, positive pathergy test, no usage of tumour necrosis factor inhibitors or of immunosuppressants, and long-term non-treatment or symptomatic treatment for OUs were poor OU prognostic factors. Based on multivariable analysis, the area under the curve of the OuP score to predict OU prognosis was 0.678.

Conclusions
Remission criteria for each symptom clarified that OU had the greatest impact on complete BD remission. Faster OU remission was associated with earlier OU therapeutic intervention other than symptomatic treatment.
Cost-effectiveness analyses of biologic and targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic diseases in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Three approaches with a cohort simulation and real-world data
Authors: Kuwana Masataka , Tamura Naoto , Yasuda Shinsuke , Fujio Keishi , Shoji Ayako , Yamaguchi Hiroko , Iwasaki Katsuhiko , Makishima Misako , Kawata Yuichi , Yamashita Katsuhisa , Igarashi Ataru 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the cost-effectiveness of biologic and targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) in rheumatoid arthritis.MethodsWe conducted three analyses: a lifetime analysis with a cohort model (Study A) and two short-term analyses (Studies B and C). Study A evaluated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained from costs of standard treatments. Study B evaluated yearly costs per person achieving American College of Rheumatology (ACR) response (ACR20, ACR50, and ACR70), and Study C evaluated costs per person achieving previously defined claims-based effectiveness (equivalent to 28-joint Disease Activity Score ≤ 3.2). The proportion of ACR responders to the drugs of interest were determined by mixed treatment comparisons. Studies B and C estimated costs using a claims database.ResultsIn Study A, ICERs of all b/tsDMARDs were lower than 5.0 million Japanese yen (JPY) per QALY. In Study B, yearly costs per person with ACR50 response were lower for subcutaneous tocilizumab (TCZ-SC; 1.9 million JPY) and SC abatacept (2.3 million JPY). In Study C, costs per person were lower for TCZ-SC (1.3 million JPY) and intravenous TCZ (1.6 million JPY) and effectiveness rates were higher for intravenous TCZ (45.3%) and infliximab (43.0%).ConclusionThe b/tsDMARDs with lower prices showed higher cost-effectiveness.
Progression to Critical Illness and Death in Patients With Breakthrough Hospitalizations
Authors: Suleyman Geehan , Fadel Raef , Alsaadi Ayman , Sueng Luis Ng , Ghandour Ali , Alkhatib Ahmad , Singh Tarandeep , Parsons Austin , Miller Joseph , Ramesh Mayur , Brar Indira , Alangaden George 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Characterization of disease progression and outcomes after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–related hospitalization in vaccinated compared with unvaccinated individuals is limited.

Methods
This was a retrospective case–control study of symptomatic vaccinated (cases) and unvaccinated (controls) participants hospitalized for COVID-19 between December 30, 2020, and September 30, 2021, in Southeast Michigan. Hospitalized adult patients with lab-confirmed COVID-19 were identified through daily census report. Breakthrough infection was defined as detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ≥14 days after completion of the primary vaccination series. The association between prior vaccination and critical COVID-19 illness (composite of intensive care unit [ICU] admission, invasive mechanical ventilation [IMV], 28-day mortality) was examined.

Results
Two hundred ten (39%) fully vaccinated and 325 (61%) unvaccinated patients were evaluated. Compared with controls, cases were older, had more comorbidities (4 [3–7] vs 2 [1–4]; P &lt; .001), and were more likely to be immunocompromised. Cases had less severe symptoms compared with controls (2 [1–2] vs 2 [2–3]; P &lt; .001) and were less likely to progress to critical COVID-19 illness (33.3% vs 45.5%; P &lt; .001); 28-day mortality was significantly lower in cases (11.0% vs 24.9%; P &lt; .001). Symptom severity (odds ratio [OR], 2.59; 95% CI, 1.61–4.16; P &lt; .001) and modified Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score on presentation (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.48–2.06; P &lt; .001) were independently associated with development of critical COVID-19 illness. Prior vaccination (OR, 0.528; 95% CI, 0.307–0.910; P = .020) was protective.

Conclusions
COVID-19-vaccinated patients were less likely to develop critical COVID-19 illness and more likely to survive. Disease severity at presentation was a predictor of adverse outcomes regardless of vaccination status.
Association ofCD274(PD-L1) Copy Number Changes with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Clinical Benefit in Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Murugesan Karthikeyan , Jin Dexter X , Comment Leah A , Fabrizio David , Hegde Priti S , Elvin Julia A , Alexander Brian , Levy Mia A , Frampton Garrett M , Montesion Meagan , Roychowdhury Sameek , Kurzrock Razelle , Ross Jeffrey S , Albacker Lee A , Huang Richard S P 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to characterize response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) in non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) across various CD274 copy number gain and loss thresholds and identify an optimal cutoff.Materials and MethodsA de-identified nationwide (US) real-world clinico-genomic database was leveraged to study 621 non-squamous NSCLC patients treated with ICI. All patients received second-line ICI monotherapy and underwent comprehensive genomic profiling as part of routine clinical care. Overall survival (OS) from start of ICI, for CD274 copy number gain and loss cohorts across varying copy number thresholds, were assessed.ResultsAmong the 621 patients, patients with a CD274 CN greater than or equal to specimen ploidy +2 (N = 29) had a significantly higher median (m) OS when compared with the rest of the cohort (N = 592; 16.1 [8.9-37.3] vs 8.6 [7.1-10.9] months, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.6 [0.4-1.0], P-value = .05). Patients with a CD274 copy number less than specimen ploidy (N = 299) trended toward a lower mOS when compared to the rest of the cohort (N = 322; 7.5 [5.9-11.3] vs 9.6 [7.9-12.8] months, HR = 0.9 [0.7-1.1], P-value = .3).ConclusionThis work shows that CD274 copy number gains at varying thresholds predict different response to ICI blockade in non-squamous NSCLC. Considering these data, prospective clinical trials should further validate these findings, specifically in the context of PD-L1 IHC test results.
Nutritional recommendations for patients undergoing prolonged glucocorticoid therapy
Authors: Esteves Gabriel P , Mazzolani Bruna Caruso , Smaira Fabiana Infante , Mendes Elizabeth Silva , de Oliveira Gabriela Guimarães , Roschel Hamilton , Gualano Bruno , Pereira Rosa Maria R , Dolan Eimear 
Published: April 2022

Glucocorticoid (GC) therapy is a common treatment used in rheumatic and autoimmune diseases, owing to its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. However, GC therapy can also induce a number of adverse effects, including muscle and bone loss, hypertension, metabolic perturbations and increased visceral adiposity. We review available evidence in this area and provide nutritional recommendations that might ameliorate these adverse effects. Briefly, optimizing calcium, vitamin D, sodium and protein intake and increasing consumption of unprocessed and minimally processed foods, while decreasing the consumption of ultra-processed foods, might counteract some of the specific challenges faced by these patients. Importantly, we identify a dearth of empirical data on how nutritional intervention might impact health-related outcomes in this population. Further research is required to investigate the clinical and therapeutic efficacy of these theory-based recommendations.
When FinTech Competes for Payment Flows
Authors: Parlour Christine A , Rajan Uday , Zhu Haoxiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We study the impact of FinTech competition in payment services when a monopolist bank uses payment data to learn about consumers’ credit quality. Competition from FinTech payment providers disrupts this information spillover. The bank’s price for payment services and its loan offers are affected. FinTech competition promotes financial inclusion, may hurt consumers with a strong bank preference, and has an ambiguous effect on the loan market. Both FinTech data sales and consumer data portability increase bank lending, but the effects on consumer welfare are ambiguous. Under mild conditions, consumer welfare is higher under data sales than with data portability.
Trends in risk factor control in patients with gout: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007–2018
Authors: Li Likang , Tian Junzhang , Wang Ruoting , Adachi Jonathan D , Chen Bo , Qu Hongying , Li Guowei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To explore trends in risk factor control (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia) in patients with gout and medication use among those whose risk factor control targets were not achieved.

Methods
We used the data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2007–2008 and 2017–2018 for analyses. The study samples were weighted so that they could be representative of the non-institutionalized US population. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis to assess trends in risk factor control and medication use, and employed logistic regression analyses to explore patient characteristics associated with risk factor control.

Results
The prevalence of participants in whom blood pressure control target was achieved decreased from 64.6% in 2007–2008 to 55.3% in 2017–2018 (P-value for trend = 0.03). The percentage of participants whose glycaemic, lipid or all three risk factor control targets were achieved remained stable temporally (P &gt; 0.05). Some patient characteristics were significantly related to risk factor control, including age 45–64, age ≥65, Asian Americans, non-Hispanic Blacks, higher family income, and being overweight and obese. A trend towards increased use of glucose-lowering medication was found (from 71.0% in 2007–2008 to 94.7% in 2017–2018, P &lt; 0.01), while the prevalence of taking blood pressure-lowering and lipid-lowering medications remained stable (P &gt; 0.05).

Conclusion
Based on NHANES data, a significant trend towards decreased blood pressure control was observed in patients with gout, while glycaemic and lipid control levelled off. These findings emphasize that more endeavours are needed to improve management of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with gout.
New Dental Warning for Buprenorphine
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: April 2022

The labeling for transmucosal buprenorphine products will now include a warning that the drug may cause serious dental problems such as tooth decay, cavities, oral infections, and tooth loss.Nurses and NPs should complete an oral history and assessment prior to patients beginning treatment. Patients should be informed of these potential adverse effects and encouraged to receive regular dental care.
Effective Holistic Approaches to Reducing Nurse Stress and Burnout During COVID-19
Authors: Pagador Florida , Barone Melanie , Manoukian Mana , Xu Wenrui , Kim Linda 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Prolonged exposure to work-related stress can lead to nurse burnout, potentiating clinical and medication errors and low-quality patient care. Holistic approaches (such as mindfulness training, “zen rooms,” and massage chairs, among others) have been shown to reduce nurses' anxiety, stress, and burnout.

Purpose:
To evaluate the use of “serenity lounges” (dedicated rooms where nurses can take workday breaks for the purposes of relaxation and rejuvenation) and massage chairs on nurses' anxiety, stress, and burnout.

Methods:
This quality improvement project analyzed 67 paired responses to surveys filled out by nurses before and after their use of serenity lounges at a medical center in Los Angeles between November 2020 and May 2021. Following successful implementation of a serenity lounge on a pilot unit, this project was expanded to a total of 10 units, including COVID-19 cohort units. As part of this expansion, massage chairs were added to 10 serenity lounges, along with items such as wipes, gloves, and shoe covers to enable nurses to adhere to infection control protocols.

Results:
Analysis of the 67 paired responses to pre- and post-lounge-use surveys revealed a significant reduction in feelings of emotional exhaustion, burnout, frustration, being worn out, stress, and anxiety after use of the serenity lounge. Improvements in feelings of emotional exhaustion, being worn out, and being anxious were also noted after using the massage chair for at least 10 to 20 minutes.

Conclusions:
These results highlight the importance of providing a holistic approach, including a serene space, massage equipment, and other amenities, to help nurses reduce feelings of anxiety, stress, and burnout, particularly during challenging times such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Recognizing and Acting on Mentation Concerns
Authors: Mack Laurin , Zonsius Mary C. , Newman Michelle , Emery-Tiburcio Erin E. 
Published: April 2022

This article is the fourth in a series, Supporting Family Caregivers in the 4Ms of an Age-Friendly Health System, published in collaboration with the AARP Public Policy Institute as part of the ongoing Supporting Family Caregivers: No Longer Home Alone series. The 4Ms of an Age-Friendly Health System (What Matters, Medication, Mentation, and Mobility) is an evidence-based framework for assessing and acting on critical issues in the care of older adults across settings and transitions of care. Engaging the health care team, including older adults and their family caregivers, with the 4Ms framework can help to ensure that every older adult gets the best care possible, is not harmed by health care, and is satisfied with the care they receive.
The articles in this series present considerations for implementing the 4Ms framework in the inpatient hospital setting and incorporating family caregivers in doing so. Resources for both nurses and family caregivers, including a series of accompanying videos developed by AARP and the Rush Center for Excellence in Aging and funded by The John A. Hartford Foundation, are also provided. Nurses should read the articles first, so they understand how best to help family caregivers. Then they can refer caregivers to the informational tear sheet—Information for Family Caregivers—and instructional videos, encouraging them to ask questions. For additional information, see Resources for Nurses.