bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perivascular Fibrosis Is Mediated by a KLF10-IL-9 Signaling Axis in CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Zhuang Rulin , Chen Jingshu , Cheng Henry S. , Assa Carmel , Jamaiyar Anurag , Pandey Arvind K. , Pérez-Cremades Daniel , Zhang Bofang , Tzani Aspasia , Khyrul Wara Akm , Plutzky Jorge , Barrera Victor , Bhetariya Preetida , Mitchell Richard N. , Liu Zhongmin , Feinberg Mark W. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Perivascular fibrosis, characterized by increased amount of connective tissue around vessels, is a hallmark for vascular disease. Ang II (angiotensin II) contributes to vascular disease and end-organ damage via promoting T-cell activation. Despite recent data suggesting the role of T cells in the progression of perivascular fibrosis, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.

Methods:

TF (transcription factor) profiling was performed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of hypertensive patients. CD4-targeted KLF10 (Kruppel like factor 10)-deficient (

Klf10
fl/fl
CD4
Cre+

; [TKO]) and CD4-Cre (

Klf10
+/+
CD4
Cre+

; [Cre]) control mice were subjected to Ang II infusion. End point characterization included cardiac echocardiography, aortic imaging, multiorgan histology, flow cytometry, cytokine analysis, aorta and fibroblast transcriptomic analysis, and aortic single-cell RNA-sequencing.

Results:

TF profiling identified increased
KLF10
expression in hypertensive human subjects and in CD4+ T cells in Ang II-treated mice. TKO mice showed enhanced perivascular fibrosis, but not interstitial fibrosis, in aorta, heart, and kidney in response to Ang II, accompanied by alterations in global longitudinal strain, arterial stiffness, and kidney function compared with Cre control mice. However, blood pressure was unchanged between the 2 groups. Mechanistically, KLF10 bound to the IL (interleukin)-9 promoter and interacted with HDAC1 (histone deacetylase 1) inhibit IL-9 transcription. Increased IL-9 in TKO mice induced fibroblast intracellular calcium mobilization, fibroblast activation, and differentiation and increased production of collagen and extracellular matrix, thereby promoting the progression of perivascular fibrosis and impairing target organ function. Remarkably, injection of anti-IL9 antibodies reversed perivascular fibrosis in Ang II-infused TKO mice and C57BL/6 mice. Single-cell RNA-sequencing revealed fibroblast heterogeneity with activated signatures associated with robust ECM (extracellular matrix) and perivascular fibrosis in Ang II-treated TKO mice.

Conclusions:

CD4+ T cell deficiency of
Klf10
exacerbated perivascular fibrosis and multi-organ dysfunction in response to Ang II via upregulation of IL-9.
Klf10
or IL-9 in T cells might represent novel therapeutic targets for treatment of vascular or fibrotic diseases.
“On This Day, We Are Perfect”: Embodiment in Yannai’s Yom Kippur Qerova
Authors: Lieber Laura S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article analyzes two poetic units within a much longer composition (translated in full here) composed by Yannai (6th c. CE, Galilee) for recitation on Yom Kippur. Specifically, it offers readings of Unit 8, which prefaces the third blessing of the Amidah (the Qedushah), and Unit 15, which concludes the work. Both units dwell on the physical experience of Yom Kippur and the ways in which ritual affects the body, permitting us to consider the role of “kinesthetic theology” (borrowing Kathryn Reklis’ coinage) – i.e., how physical expression and embodied experiences not only reflect but shape belief – in the composition.
The Ritual-Less Jew: Jewish Studies between the Universal and the Particular
Authors: Hughes Aaron W. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article uses Kalman P. Bland’s The Artless Jew as a way to think about the recent history of the study of Judaism. The discipline’s preoccupation with disembodied texts has led to a way to conceptualize and situate Jews and Judaism that leaves certain blind spots and lacunae within our dominant narratives. To illumine some of these, the article focuses on ritual and what we can learn about the study of ritual in Judaism – and the study of Judaism more generally – by connecting it not to the particularities of Jewishness, but to the ostensible universalism of larger fields of study, such as the academic study of religion.
Jewish Environmental Ethics for the Anthropocene: An Integrative Approach
Authors: Tirosh-Samuelson Hava 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article argues that the Judaic understanding of creation care is a potent response to the challenges of the Anthropocene because Judaism acknowledges that humans have much in common with all other created beings, while respecting their alterity, and because Judaism insists on human responsibility toward and care of the created world. However, Jewish environmental ethics of care and responsibility could be greatly enriched if it incorporates the insights of the feminist ethics of care, ecofeminism, and environmental virtue ethics, three discourses to which Jewish environmentalists have paid limited attention so far, even though the secularization of Judaism in the twentieth century has impacted these discourses.
Canonization in Islamic Law: A Case Study based on Shāfiʿī Literature
Authors: Oberauer Norbert 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The present study analyzes processes of canonization in Islamic law, with a focus on the Shāfiʿī madhhab. I argue that the formation of schools of law may be described as the emergence of distinct networks of intertextual references. This intertextuality – which is manifest inter alia in the choice of commentary and abridgement as key literary genres – transformed legal insight into a collective project centered on a common textual tradition. While these textual traditions were initially multivocal and indeterminate, specific doctrinal positions began to be prioritized in the 11th century. This resulted in the gradual standardization of school doctrine and, in the 14th century, in canonization, when certain texts came to be regarded as the authoritative articulation of the madhhab.
The impact of canonization on the development of law has been the object of considerable discussion in Islamic studies. Drawing on a systematic survey of Shāfiʿī doctrine on commercial partnership as represented in commentaries and abridgements of the 9th to 19th centuries, I argue that canonization made a significant contribution to stabilizing legal doctrine, and thus to conferring an element of rigidity on Shāfiʿī law. At the same time, I argue that this rigidity is specific to commentaries and abridgements, which in turn represent only one of many layers of Islamic legal discourse. The marked conservatism of these texts should be interpreted against the backdrop of the functional differentiation of different genres of legal literature: commentaries and abridgements served to preserve and transmit the inherited doctrinal essence of a school, while other genres helped contextualize this doctrinal tradition within an ever-changing environment of social practices.
Building a Continental Policy: The South American Secretariat of the Communist International (1925–34)
Authors: Massó Mariana , Quiroga Manuel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper analyses the history of the South American Secretariat of the Communist International. The objective is to carry out a critical study of the policies and strategy of the Secretariat, considering how its relationship with the Comintern and the South American Communist Parties changed over time. Our hypothesis is that during its first years of existence (1925–8) the Secretariat developed a policy based on the United Front. This changed during a transition period (July 1928–July 1929) in which it developed a stagist programme of bourgeois-democratic revolution, and the implementation of its front tactics was increasingly questioned. From 1929 to 1934, the organisation abandoned all concrete alliance tactics in the workers’ movement and electoral politics while nevertheless proclaiming its advocacy of the ‘United Front from below’. This paper is based on an analysis of primary sources, including the Secretariat’s publications, correspondence, and internal documents.
Miniature Swords in the Viking Age
Authors: Gardeła Leszek 
Published: April 2022

AbstractViking Age Scandinavians manufactured an impressive array of miniature objects that could be worn on the body as pendants, clothing appliques or pins. Many of these items resembled full-sized weapons commonly used by warriors in Northern Europe and beyond. This article sets out to investigate the complete corpus of so-called miniature swords from the ninth and tenth centuries typically made of copper alloy and silver. The majority of miniature swords have been discovered in the course of amateur metal detecting, but some examples come from more ‘secure’ contexts, such as graves and settlement sites, which allow linking them with particular people, places and social practices. The article discusses the history of research on miniature swords, situates them in the context of other small-sized militaria (axes, spearheads and shields) and examines their different forms, function and symbolic content.
Biblical Aramaic Passive Stems
Authors: Mastey Emmanuel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Perfect verbs in the Passive-Qal (qetil) and Hufʿal (huqtal or hoqtal) stems are attested in both Biblical (BA) and Middle Aramaic. This paper contests the claim of BA grammars that the Hufʿal imperfect is unattested in BA. Moreover, some scholars have doubted the authenticity of the Masoretic vocalisation of some Hufʿal and Passive-Qal occurrences, postulating that the Hufʿal preformative vowel was changed from a to u under the influence of the Hebrew Hufʿal. This paper discusses the most problematic occurrences from morphological, syntactic, and contextual viewpoints, and concludes that the Masoretic vocalisation of the forms in question is generally reliable. Lastly, a form that was mistakenly identified as a disguised Passive-Qal form is shown to be a Qal (active) form. It appears that the marking of human direct objects by lamed accusativi in BA has fewer exceptions than previously thought.
Expanding through Precarity
Authors: Ivanov Sergei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Since the early 2000s, the border regions of the Russian Far East have seen rapid growth in large-scale Chinese agriculture through contract-farming arrangements. This article, drawing on archival and ethnographic findings, focuses on contract relations between Chinese agribusinesses and small farmers as a labour regime, unusual in the Russian context. It argues that practices of informal subcontracting, mediation and border governance underlie this regime and produce precarity for small farmers, shifting to them the natural and human risks of agricultural production in Russia. The article points out that managers of large companies used the border to discipline and dispossess direct producers.
Mongolia’s Fossilised Heritage
Authors: Browne Kim Victoria , Dashdorj Tumendelger 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
It has been almost 100 years since the pioneering expedition of the American Museum of Natural History (New York) to the Gobi Desert led by Roy Chapman Andrews in 1922. Therefore, it is an opportune time to examine the contribution Andrews made to palaeontology in central Asia and to consider the question of education and repatriation in the context of the protection of Mongolia’s fossilised heritage. Furthermore, this paper investigates the threat to Mongolia’s rare and exceptional cultural heritage posed by modern-day fossil poachers along with domestic efforts to combat the illicit fossil trade in central Asia. This paper concludes with an examination of the repatriation from the United States of Tarbosaurus bataar and the establishment of the Central Museum of Mongolian Dinosaurs dedicated to repatriated dinosaur specimens.
Measuring lubricant viscosity at a surface and in a bearing film using shear-horizontal surface acoustic waves
Authors: Tyreas G. , Dwyer-Joyce R.S. , Notay R.S. , Durham D.J. 
Published: April 2022

The lubricating effectiveness of an oil film in a journal bearing depends on the dynamic viscosity of the oil. The viscosity in turn depends on the local operating temperature, pressure, and shear rate. Reproducing these conditions in a laboratory viscometer to investigate the lubricant behaviour is a challenging task. As a result, methods that allow oil viscosity measurement in-situ in a film, would be preferred. Ultrasound technology utilising shear bulk acoustic waves (BAW) has been used to measure liquid viscosity in the bulk, as well as in-situ in a film; the reflection of a shear BAW from a solid-liquid interface depends on the liquid viscosity. Surface acoustic waves (SAW) have been also used for measuring bulk liquid viscosity. In this paper, shear-horizontal surface acoustic waves (SH-SAWs) were explored for measuring oil film viscosity, as they present good coupling with liquids and sensitivity to surface changes. The main objectives of this work were to generate SH-SAWs on metallic media, investigate the wave response at the metal-oil interface, relate the wave response to viscosity with the aim to apply this knowledge to a journal bearing application for measuring viscosity in-situ the lubricant film. Initially, the SH-SAW response was investigated at a solid-liquid interface. SH-SAWs attenuate at the solid-liquid interface, due to the liquid viscosity. This was modelled as a function of the liquid properties, material and geometry of the medium, and wave frequency. The SH-SAW attenuation-viscosity model was used to calculate the viscosity (in the range of ∼3 to 4600 cP) of different oils at a free surface, which agreed with the viscosity values from datasheets and bench-top viscosity measurements. This approach was then implemented in-situ in a journal bearing application. A bearing sleeve was instrumented with a pair of SH-SAW transducers and a shear BAW transducer installed inside the rotating journal. These two approaches were used to measure the film viscosity of 4 lubricants blended with different additives in two ways; the former by the leakage of the surface wave, and the latter by the reflection of the bulk wave. Both approaches were found to be in good agreement. They successfully distinguished the chemistry of the oil test samples according to their viscosities under various loading conditions and constant speed, and were able to monitor changes in the oil film viscosity in the loaded region. The SH-SAW sensors used were low cost and small sized and so can be fitted relatively conveniently into a bearing sleeve, requiring nothing but a function generator and digitiser to operate. This approach could then be used to evaluate lubricant formulations for their performance actually inside a bearing, rather than through the extrapolation of data from a conventional bench top viscometer.
Experiences of adult social work addressing self-neglect during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Manthorpe Jill , Woolham John , Steils Nicole , Stevens Martin , Martineau Stephen , Owen Jenifer , Tinelli Michela 
Published: April 2022

Summary Internationally there has been much interest in the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the care and support of older people including those with needs arising from self-neglect and/or hoarding. During the pandemic English local authorities’ legal duties remained to respond to concerns about harm about people with care and support needs living in the community. This paper reports interviews with 44 participants working for adult safeguarding/adult protective services (APS) in 31 local authorities recruited from all English regions. Interviews took place online in November-December 2020 as the pandemic's second UK wave was emerging. Analytic induction methods were used to develop themes. Findings Participants reported some of the variations in referrals to their services with more contact being received from community sources concerned about their neighbours’ welfare. Participants provided accounts of the local organisation of adult safeguarding services during the pandemic, including in some areas the potential for offering early help to older people at risk of harm from self-neglect or hoarding behaviour. Online inter-agency meetings were positively received but were acknowledged to potentially exclude some older people. Applications This article reports observations from adult safeguarding practitioners about their services which may be of interest internationally and in renewing services that can sustain public interest in the welfare of their older citizens and in developing early help. The findings reflect those from children's services where online meetings are also predicted to enhance professional communications post-pandemic but similarly need to ensure effective engagement with service users and their families.
Effects of Ultraviolet Exposure on the Tropical Fungi Aspergillus carbonarius and Aspergillus japonicus: Survival, Amylase Production, and Thermostability
Authors: Pasin Thiago M. , Moreira Eliano A. , Benassi Vivian M. , Spencer Paula V. D. , Peres Nalu T. A. , Cereia Mariana , Polizeli Maria de Lourdes T. M. 
Published: April 2022

Background and Research Aims Although fundamental to tropical forest biodiversity, fungi have been largely neglected in conservation research. To examine the fungal response to increased ultraviolet C (UVC) radiation, we analyzed UVC radiation effects on the survival, growth, and amylase activity of Aspergillus carbonarius and Aspergillus japonicus. Methods A. carbonarius (strain URM 7305) and A. japonicus (URM 7270) were exposed to UVC (254 nm) for different periods, and morphological changes were compared to the control. Results Survival capacity and growth decreased after 10 min of exposure in A. carbonarius and after 25 min in A. japonicus. After 40 min, amylase activity decreased ( A. carbonarius: 35.8%; A. japonicus: 30.3%). Amylase thermostability at 60°C was lower in UVC-exposed strains (T50 15 min) compared to controls ( A. japonicus, 45 min; A. carbonarius, 30 min). However, the protein amount remained stable in all UVC-treated strains. Contamination by other fungi was observed in the UVC-exposed strains, confirming competitive strength loss in both species. This was not observed in the controls due to secondary metabolite production, which increased their competitive fitness. Conclusion We provide new information about UVC’s adverse effects on the survival and enzyme production of A. carbonarius and A. japonicus, which could mean a loss of species essential for proper soil functioning and biodiversity. Implications for conservation Experimental manipulation of biochemical and physiological reactions advances fungal conservation beyond distributional data. The experimental evidence supports previous studies, suggesting that the increased UV radiation caused by climate change may drastically affect fungal biochemistry and physiology.
ATG4A regulates human erythroid maturation and mitochondrial clearance
Authors: Stolla Massiel Chavez , Reilly Andreea , Bergantinos Rochelle , Stewart Sintra , Thom Neele , Clough Courtnee A. , Wellington Rachel C. , Stolitenko Raisa , Abkowitz Janis L. , Doulatov Sergei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Autophagy is a self-degradation pathway that is essential for erythropoiesis. During erythroid differentiation, autophagy facilitates the degradation of macromolecules and the programmed clearance of mitochondria. Impaired mitochondrial clearance results in anemia and alters the lifespan of red blood cells in vivo. While several essential autophagy genes contribute to autophagy in erythropoiesis, little is known about erythroid-specific mediators of this pathway. Genetic analysis of primary human erythroid and nonerythroid cells revealed the selective upregulation of the core autophagy gene ATG4A in maturing human erythroid cells. Because the function of ATG4A in erythropoiesis is unknown, we evaluated its role using an ex vivo model of human erythropoiesis. Depletion of ATG4A in primary human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells selectively impaired erythroid but not myeloid lineage differentiation, resulting in reduced red cell production, delayed terminal differentiation, and impaired enucleation. Loss of ATG4A impaired autophagy and mitochondrial clearance, giving rise to reticulocytes with retained mitochondria and autophagic vesicles. In summary, our study identifies ATG4A as a cell type–specific regulator of autophagy in erythroid development.
MicroRNA serum profiles and chronic graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Reikvam Håkon , Vo Anh Khoi , Johansen Silje , Hemsing Anette Lodvir , Solheim Magne Haugland , Mosevoll Knut Anders , Tvedt Tor Henrik Anderson , Hatfield Kimberley Joanne 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is the most common long-term complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). During the last decade, the interest of micro RNAs (miRNAs) in the pathophysiological process of cGVHD has increased. The objectives of this study were to investigate a wide range of serum miRNAs in allografted patients and identify associations between miRNAs and cGVHD. The study included 79 allotransplanted adults, where serum samples were obtained 1 year after the allo-HSCT, and miRNA profiling analysis in serum was performed. Fifty of the 79 patients (63%) had signs of cGVHD at the 1-year post–allo-HSCT control. miRNA sequencing analysis revealed 1380 different miRNAs detected for at least 1 patient, whereas 233 miRNAs (17%) were detected in &gt;70 patients. We identified 10 miRNAs that differed significantly between patients with and without cGVHD (P &lt; .005; false discovery rate &lt;0.1), and all of these miRNAs were detected for &gt;75 of the patients. Furthermore, 5 distinct miRNAs, miR-365-3p, miR-148-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-378-3p, and miR-192-5p, were found to be particularly associated with cGVHD in our analysis and were validated by receiver operating characteristics analysis. Based on only 3 miRNAs, miR-365-3p, miR-148-3p, and miR-378-3p, we developed a miRNA signature that, by bioinformatic approaches and linear regression model, utterly improved our potential diagnostic biomarker model for cGVHD. We conclude that miRNAs are differently expressed among patients with and without cGVHD, although further and larger studies are needed to validate our present findings.