bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Talak Tiga Sekaligus Perspektif Syekh Wahbah Al Zuhayli dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam
Authors: Masykurotus Syarifah  , Suadi Mohammad 
Published: November 2022

Perkawinan dalam syariat Islam merupakan suatu wujud perjanjian yang suci dan kokoh, sehingga keberlangsungannya merupakan suatu tujuan yang sangat dikehendaki untuk dicapai oleh Islam, namun tidak semua perkawinan mampu dipertahankan oleh pasangan suami istri dan sering terjadi perselisihan dan pertengkaran yang berujung perceraian atau talak, bahkan sampai terjadi suami mengucapkan talak tiga sekaligus. Tulisan ini merupakan analisis terhadap pandangan Syekh Wahbah al Zuhayli dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam tentang talak tiga sekaligus. Tulisan ini memanfaatkan studi kepustakaan sebagai pisau bedah kajian yang data-data primernya diolah secara kualitatif. Tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa: Pertama, dengan menganalisa pendapat Syekh Wahbah al Zuḥaylī tentang talak tiga sekaligus kemudian disandingkan dengan konteks talak di Indonesia berdasarkan Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Pemikiran tentang penetapan talak relevan dengan situasi dan kondisi yang ada di Indonesia dan dapat mengharmonisasikan perbedaan antara ketentuan dalam KHI yang menyatakan bahwa talak hanya dapat dilaksanakan di pengadilan dan fikih yang menyatakan bahwa talak dapat dilaksanakan dimanapun tempatnya baik di pengadilan atau di luar pengadilan. Kedua, adanya perbedaan pandangan antara mayoritas ulama dengan KHI berkaitan dengan talak diluar Pengadilan baik talak satu, dua atau tiga (sekaligus).
Faktor Yang Berhubungan dengan Penggunaan Obat Herbal dan Gambaran Biaya dalam Meningkatkan Kesehatan Masyarakat di Desa Magalau Hulu Kabupaten Kotabaru Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Rahmawati Devi Nurvia 
Published: November 2022

Gaya hidup kembali ke alam (back to nature) saat ini masih banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat terutama untuk penggunaan obat herbal (tumbuhan). Alasan yang paling mendasari masyarakat lebih memilih penggunaan obat herbal untuk pengobatan karena diyakin tidak memiliki efek samping seperti obat kimia dan harga lebih terjangkau. Tujuan : Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran biaya dan faktor yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan obat herbal di masyarakat Desa Magalau Hulu Kabupaten Kotabaru Kalimantan Selatan. Metode : Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode Cross Sectional. Hasil : Hasil yang didapatkan dari 57 orang responden terdapat 37 orang yang mengkonsumsi obat herbal. Variabel yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan obat herbal dalam meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat adalah informasi (p = 0,000) dan jarak (p = 0,000), serta yang tidak berhubungan adalah pendapatan (p=0,223), untuk biaya yang dikeluarkan oleh masyarakat untuk membeli obat herbal lebih banyak dengan kisaran <Rp250.000. Kesimpulan : Berdasarkan penelitian yang sudah dilakukan didapatkan hasil bahwa faktor yang berhubungan ada Informasi dan Jarak sedangkan untuk biaya yang dikeluarkan oleh masyarakat untuk membeli obat herbal lebih banyak dengan kisaran <Rp250.000.

Kata Kunci : Faktor, Hubungan, Obat Herbal, Meningkatkan Kesehatan
Deep learning of extreme rainfall events from convective atmospheres
Authors: Bürger Gerd , Heistermann Maik 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Our subject is a new Catalogue of radar-based heavy Rainfall Events (CatRaRE) over Germany, and how it relates to the concurrent atmospheric circulation. We classify daily atmospheric ERA5 fields of convective indices according to CatRaRE, using an array of conventional statistical and more recent machine learning (ML) algorithms, and apply them to corresponding fields of simulated present and future atmospheres from the CORDEX project. Due to the stochastic nature of ML optimization there is some spread in the results. The ALL-CNN network performs best on average, with several learning runs exceeding an Equitable Threat Score (ETS) of 0.52; the single best result was from ResNet with ETS = 0.54. The best performing classical scheme was a Random Forest with ETS = 0.51. Regardless of the method, increasing trends are predicted for the probability of CatRaRE-type events, from ERA5 as well as from the CORDEX fields.
Wind work at the air-sea interface: a modeling study in anticipation of future space missions
Authors: Torres Hector S. , Klein Patrice , Wang Jinbo , Wineteer Alexander , Qiu Bo , Thompson Andrew F. , Renault Lionel , Rodriguez Ernesto , Menemenlis Dimitris , Molod Andrea , Hill Christopher N. , Strobach Ehud , Zhang Hong , Flexas Mar , Perkovic-Martin Dragana 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Wind work at the air-sea interface is the transfer of kinetic energy between the ocean and the atmosphere and, as such, is an important part of the ocean-atmosphere coupled system. Wind work is defined as the scalar product of ocean wind stress and surface current, with each of these two variables spanning, in this study, a broad range of spatial and temporal scales, from 10 km to more than 3000 km and hours to months. These characteristics emphasize wind work's multiscale nature. In the absence of appropriate global observations, our study makes use of a new global, coupled ocean-atmosphere simulation, with horizontal grid spacing of 2–5 km for the ocean and 7 km for the atmosphere, analyzed for 12 months.
We develop a methodology, both in physical and spectral spaces, to diagnose three different components of wind work that force distinct classes of ocean motions, including high-frequency internal gravity waves, such as near-inertial oscillations, low-frequency currents such as those associated with eddies, and seasonally averaged currents, such as zonal tropical and equatorial jets.
The total wind work, integrated globally, has a magnitude close to 5 TW, a value that matches recent estimates. Each of the first two components that force high-frequency and low-frequency currents, accounts for ∼ 28 % of the total wind work and the third one that forces seasonally averaged currents, ∼ 44 %. These three components, when integrated globally, weakly vary with seasons but their spatial distribution over the oceans has strong seasonal and latitudinal variations. In addition, the high-frequency component that forces internal gravity waves, is highly sensitive to the collocation in space and time (at scales of a few hours) of wind stresses and ocean currents. Furthermore, the low-frequency wind work component acts to dampen currents with a size smaller than 250 km and strengthen currents with larger sizes. This emphasizes the need to perform a full kinetic budget involving the wind work and nonlinear advection terms as small and larger-scale low-frequency currents interact through these nonlinear terms.
The complex interplay of surface wind stresses and currents revealed by the numerical simulation motivates the need for winds and currents satellite missions to directly observe wind work.
Effects of passive-storage conceptualization on modeling hydrological function and isotope dynamics in the flow system of a cockpit karst landscape
Authors: Li Guangxuan , Chen Xi , Zhang Zhicai , Wang Lichun , Soulsby Chris 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Conceptualizing passive storage in coupled flow–isotope models can improve
the simulation of mixing and attenuation effects on tracer transport in many
natural systems, such as catchments or rivers. However, the effectiveness of
incorporating different conceptualizations of passive storage in models of
complex karst flow systems remains poorly understood. In this study, we
developed a coupled flow–isotope model that conceptualizes both “fast-flow” and
“slow-flow” processes in heterogeneous aquifers as well as
hydrological connections between steep hillslopes and low-lying depression
units in cockpit karst landscapes. The model tested contrasting
configurations of passive storage in the fast- and slow-flow systems and was
optimized using a multi-objective optimization algorithm based on detailed
observational data of discharge and isotope dynamics in the Chenqi Catchment
in southwestern China. Results show that one to three passive-storage zones distributed
in hillslope fast-/slow-flow reservoirs and/or depression slow-flow reservoirs
provided optimal model structures in the study catchment. This optimization
can effectively improve the simulation accuracy for outlet discharge and
isotope signatures. Additionally, the optimal tracer-aided model reflects
dominant flow paths and connections of the hillslope and depression units,
yielding reasonable source area apportionment for dominant hydrological
components (e.g., more than ∼ 80 % of fast flow in the total
discharge) and solute transport in the steep hillslope unit of karst flow
systems. Our coupled flow–isotope model for karst systems provides a novel,
flexible tool for more realistic catchment conceptualizations that can
easily be transferred to other cockpit karst catchments.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK AKAR JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantifolia)TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli DENGAN METODE DILUSI
Authors: Najiya Uswatun Liza , Najiya Uswatun Liza 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Background: Empirically, lime is widely used by the people of Indonesia both as a cooking spice, cough medicine, shed phlegm, influenza, antibacterial treatment of acne, and as an ulcer medicine. Objective: To determine the ability of lime (Citrus aurantifolia)root extract as an antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria using the dilution method. Methods: Experimental research, using the maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent soaked 3x 24 hours, then thickened with a rotary evaporator, then antibacterial testing with S. aureus bacteria was carried out by the dilution method.Results: Simplicia lime root as much as 200 grams using 96% ethanol obtained a thick extract of 3.5 grams. The of secondary metabolites contain positive alkaloids, flavonoids, saponin and tannins. of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with Escherichia coli were present at a concentration of 50% while the Minimum Killing Concentration of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with Escherichia coli not found. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of lime root (Citrus aurantifolia)has the ability as an antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with a MIC value of 50% concentration.contains positive secondary metabolite compounds,namely alkaloids, flavonoids,sapoons and tannins. The ethanolic extract of lime root (Citrus aurantifolia)did not have a Minimum Kill Concentration (KBM) value on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

Keywords: (Citrus aurantifolia), E-coli, S.aureus, Dilution.
Impact of COVID-19 on tuberculosis: A complex global disaster
Authors: Dalvi Prasad S. , Roberts Taylor P. , Dalvi Sanika P. , Wirfel Olivia M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had an extremely negative impact on the already existing tuberculosis (TB) pandemic. COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), whereas TB is caused by a bacterium known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The consistent TB spread had been occurring well before the COVID-19 pandemic began, and previously undiagnosed TB cases have become more prominent just recently because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, the close-quarters and stagnant lifestyle that COVID-19 has pressed upon many communities generates a breeding ground for both SARS-CoV-2 and Mtb infections. There has also been an impact on the ability of those with existing TB infections to seek treatment, both financially and physically. At present, there is no effective vaccine against TB, whereas effective COVID-19 vaccines have been approved and administered worldwide. However, vaccine inequity has been inadvertently contributing to the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants with dire implications for the control and eradication of TB. The COVID-19 may be controlled soon, but only after adversely affecting the global TB eradication efforts. This review focuses on how the COVID-19 pandemic has heightened the already existing TB pandemic and the possible ways to combat the social synergism of these two strikingly similar infections.
Penyuluhan Masyarakat Kewirausahaan Bidang Ekonomi Kreatif Untuk Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Keluarga Desa Sriamur, Tambun Utara, Bekasi
Authors: Siahaan Matdio 
Published: November 2022

Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan kesadaran untuk memiliki inisiatif, kreatif, dan inovasi dalam mengelola usaha, guna mewujudkan cita-citanya di masa depan yang lebih baik, berprestasi, mandiri dan sukses, melalui berwirausaha di bidang ekonomi kreatif dapat menghasilkan dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan keluarga, masyarakat di Desa Sriamur Kecamatan Tambun Utara Kabupaten Bekasi Jawa Barat. Melalui pemahaman kiat berwirausaha dan kepemimpinan, strategi pemasaran, manajemen produksi, dan aspek keuangan terhadap kegiatan usaha kuliner ibu PKK dan UKM yang meliputi usaha kelompok kerajinan kuliner, usaha di rumah tangga, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pendapatan dan penghasilan keluarga. Penyuluhan masyarakat berwirausaha di bidang ekonomi kreatif, sangat dibutuhkan bagi ibu PKK, dan UKM tingkat kelurahan serta kelompok usaha kerajinan kuliner, dalam mengelola usahanya selama ini sudah berjalan serba keterbatasan, di masyarakat Desa Sriamur Kecamatan Tambun Utara. Kabupaten Bekasi. Hasil yang didapati dari Penyuluhan Kewirausahaan di bidang ekonomi kreatif ini memberikan manfaat Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Pembelajaran tersebut di atas, agar mereka memiliki ketrampilan dan mampu mengembangkan usaha, dengan Kiat Berwirausaha, strategi pemasaran yang unggul, memahami proses produksi, kepemimpinan, dan pengetahuan mengenai akuntansi dengan memenuhi prinsip-prinsip akuntabilitas dan profitabilitas usaha.
THE EFFECT OF POLITICAL INSTABILITY IN COUNTRY PROSPERITY
Authors: Riak PhD Gabriel Alier , Bill Dut Bol Ayuel 
Published: November 2022

Political instability simply the opposite of political stability; according to an early definition by Butkiewicz, James and Yanikkaya, (2010) a politically stable country had been a democracy or autocracy for at least 25 years (Cavallo and Cavallo, 2010). This definition would mean that political instability was just the non-persistency in form of government, no matter what type of rule (Bussière, Matthieu and Christian Mulder, 2008).
Carmignani, (2009) related political instability to legitimacy of the political system, and thus a political system could only be more or less stable compared to it or other systems. This also suggests that individuals can be dissatisfied, loose confidence in the political system and act on their discontent (Gleditsch, Wallensteen, Sollenberg and Strand, 2012). The predominant view of political instability builds on both these definitions. Social unrest and civil disobedience may manifest itself through civil society, creating socio-political tension and a possible threat to political regimes.
THE IMPORTANCE OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS ON CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
Authors: Riak PhD Gabriel Alier , Bill Dut Bol Ayuel 
Published: November 2022

Third-party interventions into ongoing civil wars are complex attempts to manipulate the preferences of warring parties, and thus conflict outcomes. These attempts to alter the course of a conflict can include providing materiel, intelligence, and money to change the structure of the relationship among combatants, or alternatively, providing information through mediation and other diplomatic initiatives to change the information that they hold about their adversary. Both approaches can have conflict management goals, although mediation has a much more direct link to a goal of containing violence and making peace. Conceptually, however, the two approaches to intervention could work in unison.
THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL INITIATIVE ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Riak PhD Gabriel Alier , Bill Dut Bol Ayuel 
Published: November 2022

Financial initiative, government policy related to taxation and public spending. Fiscal policy and monetary policy, which is concerned with money supply, are the two most important components of a government's overall economic policy, and governments use them in an attempt to maintain economic growth, high employment, and low inflation.J. Nogueira Martins (2009)
Financial policy can be either expansionary or contractionary. It is expansionary or loose when taxation is reduced or public spending is increased with the aim of stimulating total spending in the economy, known as aggregate demand. Expansionary policy might occur when a government feels its economy is not growing fast enough or unemployment is too high. By increasing spending or cutting taxes, the government leaves individuals and businesses with more money to purchase goods or invest in new equipment. When individuals or firms increase their purchases, they raise demand, which requires additional production, creating jobs and generating more spending. The result is higher employment and a growing economy.
THE IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIZATIONS PERFORMANCE ON ORGANIZATIONAL GROWTH
Authors: Riak PhD Gabriel Alier , Bill Dut Bol Ayuel 
Published: November 2022

Accurate and appropriate measurement of performance is a critical element in entrepreneurship research (Aktan, Bulut, 2008). According to Achemfuor,(2012), a well-organised system of performance measurement may be the single most powerful mechanism at management’s disposal to enhance the probability of successful strategy implementation. In many of the studies in the field of strategic entrepreneurship, firm performance is defined as a dependent variable and the entrepreneurship activity of the firm is considered an independent variable. There is strong agreement among the researchers that the results of successful entrepreneurial activities positively correlate with the improvement of a company’s performance (Fairoz, Hirobumi& Tanaka, 2010).
Measuring absolute firm performance is very difficult, because the concept is complex and multi-dimensional. Researchers suggest that multiple performance indicators should be used to measure this complex construct (Farrington, Matchaba, 2011). The predictable approach to firm’s performance has been to consider financial performance (Frank, Kessler & Fink, 2010). Another approach to organisational performance is to use measurement against purpose, using perceptual measures of company performance (Fatoki, 2012).
L’Emergence des femmes vendeuses dans les activités lucratives dans la ville de Kindu/RD. Congo.
Authors: Dynamo KASONGO RAMAZANI 
Published: November 2022

L’émergence des femmes vendeuses dans les activités lucratives est un problème qui touche plus à l’autonomisation de ces dernières et au financement de leurs activités. C’est un problème en rapport avec la pauvreté, tributaire à l’économie congolaise qui a du mal à décoller. C’est dans le contexte de la lutte contre la pauvreté que cette étude est organisée. L’objectif est d’apprécier la contribution de la pratique des activités génératrices de revenus dans l'amélioration de conditions de vie de femmes et leur résilience face aux crises dans la ville de Kindu. Notre investigation est une étude analytique qui nous a permis d’obtenir les résultats suivants : La tranche d’âge de 35 à 40 ans présente un nombre plus élevé (25%) ; les femmes mariées couvrent 50%; La majorité des vendeuses a un niveau d’instruction primaire (56%) ; les vendeuses ayant un revenu moyen sont nombreuses (53%) ; un bon nombre de femmes réalisent un bénéfice moyen (62%) ; 55% visent l’éducation de leurs enfants ; les plus âgées dans les activités lucratives représentent 14%. Il est remarqué que les femmes se heurtent à des obstacles de tout genre, mais la plupart des familles dépendent de leur revenu.
Increasing Library Usage through Fun Library Program at SMAN 1 Sedayu
Authors: Subarino Subarino 
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine whether the fun library program can improve library utilization at SMAN 1 Sedayu. Theoretically, it is expected to provide insight and enrich the study of efforts to improve school libraries. The type of research is School Action Research. Data collection techniques were interview, observation, and documentation study. Data validation using triangulation. Data analysis techniques using the Miles and Huberman model. The results stated that the average percentage of library utilization in the initial state of 15.4% was in a low category. Cycle 1 actions, namely implementing a fun library program, designing a comfortable and fun library interior, adding book collections, creating interactive reading corners and providing a stage for student performances. The action increased the utilization of the school library with a percentage of 31.32% in the low category, but not yet in accordance with the success indicators set. Cycle 2 action by implementing a fun library program like cycle I by adding facilities and activities. The facilities added were a mini theater room and a showroom for student work. While the activities carried out in the form of book-writing training and movie screenings. The action increased the utilization of the school library with a percentage of 60.9.6% in the medium category and reached the set indicators. This study concluded that the fun library program could increase the utilization of the school library at SMAN 1 Sedayu.
John J. MacAloon and the Communitas of the Great Symbol
Authors: Torres Cesar R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
John J. MacAloon was, and still is, one of the most lucid observers of the Olympic Movement, as well as an indispensable maker and most prominent contributor to the field of study now known as Olympic studies. His whole oeuvre can be divided into three main areas of concern: the emergence and historical development of the International Olympic Committee, the anthropology of the Olympic Games, and the ethical and political dimensions of the Olympic Movement. In this article, I provide a brief elaboration of MacAloon's contributions in each of these areas, interspersing examples of how his scholarship influenced my own as appropriate. I begin by explicating the notion of communitas that underpins MacAloon's work and around which it revolves. I then explore the relevance of the communitas in MacAloon's scholarship on the “great symbol”; that is, the Olympic Games and their renowned five interlocking rings. I conclude by arguing that this great symbol, articulated in the context of communitas, frames and grounds the unique understandings of Olympism and the Olympic Movement that MacAloon has produced over the years.
Code-Switching and English Language: A Linguistic Study in the Saudi Perspective
Authors: Alqarni Ali Mohammed 
Published: November 2022

There are several interpretations of code-switching. Some teachers encourage EFL learners to apply it as they believe it helps them acquire and comprehend the target language. This study investigates in three different settings the code-switching behaviors of 10 Saudi students, the association between the participants' degree of English proficiency and their employment of code-switching. It also investigates how the context affects code-switching behaviors by examining the various types of code-switch as well as how code-switchers perceive it. The study's qualitative methodology involved interviewing the participants and use of checklist to analyze their responses. Results show the participants with high English proficiency levels, did not like to switch codes. Additionally, while the minority of participants claimed they did not code-switch in the Saudi context, the remaining individuals claimed they did so in each of the three settings. However, the study found that among the participants, one word (noun) was the form of code-switch that was used the most frequently. Finally, the study demonstrated that even though all individuals occasionally switched codes, they all had unfavorable perceptions of it. The study suggests that teachers should regulate code-switching in different contexts.