bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depositing Controlled, Matched Resistors for Circuit Edit of Analog Circuitry
Authors: Zachariasse Frank , Roberts Harry , van der Cruijsen Peter 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
During a silicon debug, it was found that the gain of a radio receiver circuit dropped dramatically at certain frequencies due to an imbalance in one of the signal paths. A metal fix was proposed, but consensus could not be reached on how to validate it because of the difficulty of the FIB edit required and the inherent uncertainty of the approach. In this article, the authors explain how they came up with an alternative approach that proved to be faster, more reliable, and easier to validate than the cut-and-join fix initially proposed. They describe each step of the analog circuit editing process, explaining how they deposit, characterize, and connect matched resistors using focused ion beam techniques.
A Discussion of the Mechanical Limitations of Machinery Used For Sample-Preparation Processes
Authors: Martin Kirk A. , Weavers Nancy 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Failure analysts use a variety of machines for sample preparation, many of which are mechanical in nature. This article discusses the factors that determine the accuracy, resolution, and repeatability of XY positioning systems, rotary stages, and multiaxis machines. It identifies critical machine parameters and explains how environmental effects, runout, and geometric inaccuracies contribute to uncertainty and positioning error. It also assesses the precision, accuracy, and repeatability required for backside thinning and delayering systems.
Soft-Error Susceptibility of FinFET SRAMs
Authors: Oates Anthony S. , Fang Yi-Pin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article reviews recent work aimed at characterizing soft-error effects in SRAM circuits fabricated with bulk silicon FinFETs. Accelerated tests were conducted on 6T planar and FinFET-based SRAM cells by exposing them to high-energy neutrons and alpha particles. Based on test results and simulations, the authors show that soft-error rates are much lower in FinFET devices because the geometry of the fins limits charge collection.
High-Voltage Capacitor Failure on a Downhole Oilfield PCB
Authors: Bescup John 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article explains how the failure of a high-voltage capacitor led to the discovery of an unusual defect. Testing showed that the capacitor shorted due to silver migration, which investigators believe was facilitated by voids in the dielectric that had been present from the time of manufacture. Through some combination of time, electric potential, trapped humidity, and elevated operating temperature, plate material migrated into the voids, creating a short path that led to the failure. Using acoustic images as a guide, the failed capacitor was cross-sectioned, allowing investigators to examine the voids more closely and thereby confirm their theory.
2.5- and 3-D TSV Technology Applications and Failure Analysis Challenges
Authors: Cao Lihong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The semiconductor industry has followed Moore’s law in the last four decades. However, transistor performance improvement will be limited, and designers will not see doubling of frequency every two years. The need for increased performance and further miniaturization has driven the development of advanced packaging solutions, such as fan-in wafer-level chip-scale packaging, fan-out wafer-level packaging, wire-bonded stacked dice, and package-on-package. These technologies are used in mass production and provide significant benefits in form factor but may not give the desired improvement in die-to-die bandwidth. Recently, 3-D integrated circuits (ICs) that employ vertical through-silicon vias (TSVs) for connecting each die have been proposed. It is an alternative solution to existing package-on-package and system-in-package processes. This column addresses some of the challenges in implementing new TSV techniques.
Superconducting Single Photon Detector Enables Time-Resolved Emission Testing of Low Voltage Scaled ICs
Authors: Bahgat Shehata Andrea , Stellari Franco , Song Peilin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Advancements in photodetector technology are revitalizing time-resolved emission (TRE) techniques in semiconductor failure analysis. In this article, the authors explain how superconducting single-photon detectors improve the capabilities of TRE measurements as demonstrated on 14 nm FinFET technology and an inverter chain with power supply voltages down to 0.4 V.
Emerging Techniques For 2-D/2.5-D/3-D Package Failure Analysis: EOTPR, 3-D X-Ray, and Plasma FIB
Authors: Schmidt Christian , Alton Jesse , Igarashi Martin , Chan Lisa , Principe Edward 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The complexity of sample preparation and deprocessing has risen exponentially with the emergence of 2.5-D and 3D packages. This article provides answers and insights on how to deal with the challenges of increasingly complex semiconductor packages. After identifying pressing issues and potential bottlenecks with state-of-the-art FA flows, the authors present two case studies demonstrating the capabilities of electro-optical terahertz pulse reflectometry (EOTPR), plasma FIB milling, and 3D X-ray imaging. The FA results confirm the potential of all three techniques and indicate that a fully nondestructive integration flow for 3D packages may be achievable with further development and optimization.
Bioprinting for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Pan Chi Chun , Kim Carolyn , Li Jiannan , Lui Elaine , Salazar Brett , Goodman Stuart B. , Yang Yunzhi P. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Due to its layer-by-layer process, 3D printing enables the formation of complex geometries using multiple materials. Three-dimensional printing for bone tissue engineering is called bioprinting and refers to the use of material-transfer processes for patterning and assembling biologically relevant materials, molecules, cells, tissues, and biodegradable biomaterials with a prescribed organization to accomplish one or more biological functions. Currently, 3D bioprinting constructs can be classified into two categories: acellular and cellular. This article introduces and discusses these two approaches based on the suitable materials for these constructs and the fabrication processes used to manufacture them. The materials are grouped into polymers, metals, and hydrogels. The article also summarizes the commonly used 3D printing techniques for these materials, as well as cell types used for various applications. Lastly, current challenges in tissue engineering are discussed.
Additive Manufacturing of Titanium and Titanium Alloy Biomedical Devices
Authors: Sing S.L. , Huang S. , Yeong W.Y. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM), or three-dimensional (3D) printing, has been widely used for biomedical devices due to its higher freedom of design and its capability for mass customization. Additive manufacturing can be broadly classified into seven categories: binder jetting, directed energy deposition (DED), material extrusion, material jetting, powder-bed fusion (PBF), sheet lamination, and vat photopolymerization. Due to their capability for manufacturing high-quality parts that are fully dense, PBF and DED are the most widely used groups of AM techniques in processing metals directly. In this article, the processing of titanium and its alloys by PBF and DED is described, with a specific focus on their use in biomedical devices. The article then covers the density and mechanical properties of both commercially pure titanium and titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy. Lastly, the challenges and potential of using new titanium-base materials are discussed.
Micro/Nanoscale Plotting of Biomaterials
Authors: Rajan Parthiban , Daniele Michael , Brown Ashley C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Three-dimensional plotting of biomaterials (also known as bioprinting) has been a major milestone for scientists and engineers working in nanobiotechnology, nanoscience, and nanomedicine. It is typically classified into two major categories, depending on the plotting principle, as contact and noncontact techniques. This article focuses on the working principles of contact and noncontact printing methods along with their advantages, disadvantages, applications, and challenges. Contact printing methods include micro-plotter, pen printing, screen printing, nanoimprint printing, flexography printing, and gravure printing. Noncontact printing methods include extrusion printing, droplet printing, laser-based polymerization, and laser-based cell transfer. The wide variety of printable biomaterials, such as DNA, peptides, proteins, lipids, and cells, also are discussed.
PEMAHAMAN UU CIPTA KERJA DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PADA DINAS LINGKUNGAN HIDUP KABUPATEN BEKASI
Authors: Saputra Rahmat , Rama Dhianty  
Published: August 2022

Kegiatan ini dilakukan karena proses pengesahan UU Cipta Kerja terjadi pro dan kontra terhadap perlindungan lingkungan. Peraturan tersebut menggunakan metode omnibus law yang merubah, merevisi, mencabut serta menghapus 79 undang-undang. Perubahan tersebut terkait UU No. 32 / 2009 tentang PPLH yang terkait dengan penghapusan komisi penilai amdal, dalam penyusunan amdal yang tidak melibatkan masyarakat, bagaimana kriteria kompetensi penyusun amdal dan lain sebagainya. Lokasi kegiatan adalah Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kabupaten Bekasi. Jumlah peserta adalah 100 orang. Model yang digunakan adalah Penyuluhan Hukum terkait dengan Perkembangan UU Cipta Kerja dan Implikasinya Terhadap
Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Pada Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kabupaten Bekasi. Metode kegiatan adalah presentasi melalui Webinar di karena masih dalam kondisi PPKM akibat pandemi Covid 19. Hasil dari penyuluhan ini dapat meningkatkan pemahaman pegawai pemerintah daerah, pemerhati lingkungan, pemrakarsa dan masyarakat yang berdampak khususnya terhadap pengesahan UU Cipta Kerja serta turunannya yang berakibat perubahan UU No. 32/2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, dan terlaksananya sosialisasi aturan hukum yang mengatur tentang UU Cipta Kerja dan aturan pelaksananya akibat dari perubahan UU No. 32/2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup.
COVID-19–induced atypical pneumonia in an unseparated adult conjoined twin in a remote setup of developing country: management by telemedicine. Illustrative case
Authors: Das Anand Kumar , Mani Suraj Kant , Singh Saraj Kumar 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND
Telemedicine is the use of wireless communications and Web-based technologies to provide healthcare and services. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed an unprecedented challenge to healthcare providers, who have been forced to change their usual mode of service delivery and have been given an opportunity to adopt the concept of telemedicine.

OBSERVATIONS
A 40-year-old underprivileged and unseparated conjoined twin (pygopagus) had dorsal spine tuberculosis and was on a regular follow-up through telemedicine due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and embarrassment they had to face in public appearances. After a few months, they contracted COVID-19 infection after which they were shifted to our tertiary care center. Several unique challenges were encountered during the 4-day course of management. Ultimately, they died and left us with questions of whether we are really prepared to tackle these challenges.

LESSONS
The general public should be made aware of such groups of patients and to encourage them to follow COVID-appropriate behavior. Vaccinations should be given on a priority basis to these subsets. A more robust approach of telemedicine consultation is required for management of patients in remote areas at the time of a pandemic. Ventilator management of these patients is still intriguing.
Recurring cervical internal carotid artery vasospasm elicited by head rotation: illustrative case
Authors: Kaneko Mika , Tateoka Toru , Kanemaru Kazuya , Yoshioka Hideyuki , Wakai Takuma , Hashimoto Koji , Kinouchi Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND
Idiopathic extracranial internal carotid artery vasospasm (IEICAV) is a rare cerebrovascular disorder causing transient or permanent cerebral ischemia. The pathophysiology underlying this disorder is not well understood. Although various medical treatments have been tried, complete remission of vasospasm is difficult to achieve. The first case of bilateral IEICAV induced by head rotation, which was successfully treated by carotid artery stenting (CAS), was presented.

OBSERVATIONS
A 40-year-old woman with bilateral IEICAV had been conservatively treated for 13 years. However, transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) were not suppressed. She eventually presented with a large brain infarction in the left hemisphere and was referred to our department. Digital subtraction angiography clearly demonstrated the triggering of internal carotid artery (ICA) vasospasm by head rotation. After CAS treatment, the TIAs disappeared completely.

LESSONS
Clinicians should recognize that ordinary mechanical stimulation to the ICA by head rotation can induce vasospasm, and CAS should be performed for refractory IEICAV at the appropriate time to avoid cerebral infarction causing severe neurological deficits.
Nevoid Melanoma - The Unique Histological and Immunohistochemical Appearance
Authors: Tinca A.C. , Friciu C. , Niculescu R. , Cotoi O.S. 
Published: August 2022

Nevoid melanoma is a rare tumor with the origin in the melanin-producing cells called melanocytes. The main particularity of this tumor is
the resemblance with a benign tumor, a compound of intradermal nevi, despite the malignant behavior and aggressivity. On the usual stain, we generally observe a tumoral proliferation with a solid architecture, with cells organized in nests. The cytological atypia is observed with high power fields; pagetoid migration is common. The cases described so far in the literature are limited and the incidence has not been established due to the variety of diagnostic definitions for this particular tumor.
Educational Management in the Covid 19 Era. Case Study: Romanian Universities
Authors: Salca Rotaru Cristina Mihaela 
Published: August 2022

The pandemic generated by the SARS-CoV 19 virus had, in addition to the obvious effects on the health of the population, multiple side
effects. Of these, the effect on the education system can be found among the most important. The long period of lockdown, coupled with the transition to an online learning system, has been a daunting task for any education system. This article presents the ways to approach educational management in Romania from the perspective of higher education institutions. The research considers both the specific legislation issued during 2019-2021 and the ways of implementing and adapting universities during this period. The obtained results show us that at the level of higher education institutions in Romania there was no consensus on educational management in COVID 19 Era. The conclusion that emerges is that of the need to develop, at the national and institutional level, management plans for such periods of crisis
and programs for the concrete implementation of these plans.
The influence of Motivation and Competency toward Agent’s Performance as Sales Distributor at PT Asuransi Allianz Utama Indonesia Semarang Branch
Authors: Afifah Nuruzzahrotul - , Barokah Siti Nur , Prasetya Budi - 
Published: August 2022

This research aims to study the influence of motivation and competency toward agent’s performance at PT Asuransi Allianz Utama Indonesia Semarang Branch.. The methods of data collection used in this study were literature studies, interview and questionnaires with 65 samples. The research analysis shows that both motivation and competency has significant and positive effect on agent’s performance partially and simultaneously. The value of t count in motivation was greater than t table (3.053 &gt; 1.99897) with significant value 0.003 &lt; 0.05 and the value of t count in competence was also greater than t table (4.832 &gt; 1.99897) with significant value of 0.00. The F test stated that both motivation and competency simultaneously had a significant effect on agent’s performance. It was indicated with significant value of 0.000 &lt; 0.05 and the value of F count &gt; F table (73.911 &gt; 3.140). This study concludes motivation and competency is able to contribute on agent’s performance by 69.5% and the remaining of 30.5% is influenced by other variables not examined in this research
The influence analysis of Service and Price Perceptions on Customer Satisfaction of the Umrah Pilgrims of PT Cahaya Haramain Semarang
Authors: Yuniastuti Eka Ratri , Suroija Noor - , Malebra Irawan - 
Published: August 2022

<em>The research aims to determine whether service and price perception had a significant influence on customer satisfaction in PT Cahaya Haranain Semarang. The data collection method were done by using a questionnaire. The measurement scale in the questionnaire of this research is the Agree Disagree Scale with a scale of 10. The amount of the questionnaires that had been completed were 70 units. The data analysis was conducted by using SPSS version 24, which produces the equation, namely <strong>Y = 3,323 + 0,360X<sub>1</sub> + 0,257X<sub>2</sub>. </strong>This equation has a regression value of the service variable which most dominantly influence customer satisfaction of 0,360, followed by the price perceptions variable with a regression value of 0,257. If the independent variable is 0, then there was other variable that influence customer satisfaction by 3,323. It explains the determining factors of customer satisfaction, namely service and price perception that have a significant influence on the customer satisfaction of the umrah pilgrims. There are some limitations. The first, the research object is the umrah pilgrims in PT Cahaya Haramain. It is not generalized to other umrah travel. The second, this study only contains two main variables from the customer satisfaction, namely service and price perception</em>
The Effect of the Use of Information Technology, Social Media and Work Discipline on Employee Productivity at PT Kencana Sawit Indonesia Solok Selatan
Authors: Siska Samsifren - , Jumi Jumi - , Hasyim Fatchun - 
Published: August 2022

<em>The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of Information Technology, Social Media, and Work Discipline on Employee Productivity at PT Kencana Sawit Indonesia South Solok. Data collection methods used are questionnaires and literature review. The questionnaire is using Agree-Disagree Scale with a scale of 10 points and the sample collection method used is total sampling with a sample of 50 employees at PT Kencana Sawit Indonesia. The analysis technique is using validity test, reliability test, normality test, heteroscedasticity test, multicollinearity test, multiple linear regression analysis, T test, F test and coefficient of determination. Based on the calculations, regression equation obtained is <strong>Y = 0.602X1 + 0.364X2 + 0.562X3 + e</strong>, with a coefficient of determination is 68.4%. These results indicate that Information Technology (X1), Social Media (X2) and Work Discipline (X3) variables have a significant and positive effect on Employee Productivity (Y). This study only examines the influence of Information Technology, Social Media, and Work Discipline on Employee Productivity in industrial companies, to further research of the effect of Information Technology, Social Media, and Work Discipline on Employee Performance, besides that it can use research objects in other industries and can use samples of more than 50</em>
The Influence of Employee Service Providing Capability and Achievement Motivation to Employee Service Quality Performance at PUD Air Minum Tirta Bumi Sentosa Kebumen
Authors: Restika Shinta - , Setiawan Andi - , Wahyuni Sri - 
Published: August 2022

<p><em>This study aims to analyze the effect of Employee Service Using Capability and Achievement Motivation on Employee Service Quality Performance at the Perusahaan Umum Daerah Air Minum Tirta Bumi Sentosa in Kebumen Regency. Data collection methods used are interviews, questionnaires, and literature. The questionnaire used is the Agree-Disagree Scale with a scoring of 10 (1-10) points with the sample collection method used is impossible sampling with a sample of 60 employees at the </em>Perusahaan Umum Daerah Air Minum Tirta Bumi Sentosa<em> in </em>Kebumen<em> Regency. The analysis technique used is validity test, reliability test, normality test, heteroscedasticity test, multicollinearity test, linearity test, multiple linear regression analysis, t-test, F test, and coefficient of determination </em>with SPSS 24.<em> These results indicate that the variable Employee Service Providing Capability (X1) and Achievement Motivation (X2) have a significant positive effect on Employee Service Quality Performance (Y) at Perusahaan Umum Daerah Air Minum Tirta Bumi Sentosa, Kebumen Regency. This research is expected to be a solution to the problems that exist at Perusahaan Umum Daerah Air Minum Tirta Bumi Sentosa, Kebumen Regency by applying Employee Service Providing Capability and Achievement Motivation to improve Employee Service Quality Performance better.</em></p><p><em> </em></p>
Obtaining thermal and mass diffusivity of the drying process on ceramic plates with the addition of diatomite tailings
Authors: Costa Raniere Fernandes , Ferreira Alysson Dantas , Nascimento José Jefferson da Silva , Rezende Maria Luiza de Souza , Silva Junior José Jorge da , Meira Ariadne Soares , Vieira Antônio Nunes de Oliveira 
Published: August 2022

The drying stage is the most relevant procedure in the industrial production of ceramic bricks, since the final quality of the product is directly related to the success of this operation. Knowledge of the material's thermal and mass diffusivity facilitates mathematical modeling, which brings us a greater domain of the process. With this purpose, the drying of solid ceramic bricks with different percentages of diatomite tailings was experimentally carried out in an oven with forced air circulation. The experiments were performed based on a 2k experimental design with three factors: the drying temperatures (333 and 383 K), the homogenization time of the mixture (30 and 60 min), and the percentage of tailings (10 and 30%). From the results matrix, we applied the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm to minimize the difference between the theoretical and the experimental drying and heating curves, thus obtaining the thermal and mass diffusivities. Still in possession of the results matrix, we applied a regression model in order to obtain an equation to estimate the diffusivity values. The drying and heating curves that were built from the estimated diffusivities showed good agreement with the experimental data, and were validated within a 99% confidence interval.