bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OSA remains a risk factor for cardiac events even in hypertensive patients under treatment: The UROSAH data
Authors: Yao Xiaoguang , Li Nanfang , Heizhati Mulalibieke , Wang Yingchun , Ma Yue , Wang Run , Zhang Delian , Luo Qin , Hu Junli , Wang Menghui , Zhu Qing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Both obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and hypertension are risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The study aimed to observe the effect of the coexistence of OSA and hypertension on CVDs and evaluate the impact of antihypertensive treatment on CVDs outcomes in this population.
Study Design: This is a retrospective cohortstudy.
Methods: Hypertensive patients who underwent polysomnography (PSG) test in Jan 2011 to Dec 2013 were enrolled. OSA was defined as apnea hypopnea index(AHI)≥ 5. Outcomes were extended major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), including the first occurrence of non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, revascularization, cardiac rehospitalization due to unstable angina or heart failure and all-cause death. The effect of the coexistence of OSA and hypertension on MACCE was explored by Cox regression analysis.
Results: Overall, 415 individuals out of 3329 hypertensives experienced extended MACCE. At a median follow-up of 7.0 years, the incidence of extended MACCE was significantly higher in OSA group than in non-OSA group (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.59; 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.27-1.99; P<0.001). Totally, OSA patients had a 57% increased risk of cardiac events than subjects without OSA [HR(95%CI):1.57 (1.04-2.39), P=0.034] and the association did not change in further sensitivity analysis. Especially in uncontrolled hypertension, OSA showed a 93% increased risk of cardiac events compared to patients without OSA(P=0.036) .
Conclusion: OSA remains a risk factor of cardiac events, while the association between OSA and cardiac events would be attenuated by the pharmacological-induced blood pressure control.
Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of ethyl acetate extract from Thermomyces lanuginosus and Aspergillus nidulans isolated from rhizospheric region of peanut (Arachis hypogaea)
Authors: Raslan Ahmed , Abdel-Motaal Fatma , Abou-Ellail Mohamed , Mohamed Abou El-Hamd 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Plant rhizospheric region is a good habitat of microbial communities that producing important secondary metabolites and essential bio products such as antioxidants and cytotoxins. Rhizospheric fungi are the best example for these communities. Thermomyces lanuginosus and Aspergillus nidulans were isolated from rhizospheric region of Arachis hypogaea and characterized morphologically and confirmed with Molecular genetic using (ITS) region. Ethyl acetate extract was a common solvent used in extraction and separation. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS) was carried out to identify these fungal extracts and estimate their content . DPPH Scavenging was used for Screening of Antioxidant Activity and HeLa (Cervical Cancer), Colo-205 (Colorectal cancer) and MCF-7 (Breast Adenocarcinoma) for determaining Cytotoxicity and cell Viability.
Assessing the Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Subway Ridership and on the Interactions with other Transportation Modes
Authors: Deschaintres Elodie , Morency Catherine , Trépanier Martin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has led governments to implement restrictive policies which have caused unprecedented effects on transportation systems. This paper assesses which measures had more impacts on subway daily ridership in Montreal (Quebec, Canada) and on the interactions between modes using time series approaches. Change point detection methods, based on regression structure and Bayesian posterior probabilities, are first applied to automatic fare collection (AFC) data available from January 2019 to December 2021. Nine breakpoints (or ten phases) are found and linked to the COVID-19 timeline of the city. The impacts are then quantified by phase, and their variability is analyzed by day type and period. The evolution of the daily and weekly patterns in subway usage is also examined using time-frequency wavelet analysis. Finally, changes in correlations between the subway ridership and the use of three other transportation modes (cycling, private car, and carsharing) are modeled using interrupted time series models with autoregressive errors. The results reveal that lockdown implementations had a negative, immediate but decreasing impact on subway use, while release measures combined with transit-specific policies (such as free distribution of masks) led to a gradual recovery. The impacts varied in time, but traditional 5-day-a-week peak hour travel declined the most. The use of the other modes, as well as their system-level interactions with the subway, were also affected. Potential modal shifts were highlighted. Such findings provide practitioners and planners with useful insights into the COVID-19 pandemic impacts on mobility.
Variations in sural nerve formation and course in fetuses
Authors: Garção Diogo Costa , Paiva Maria Stephany de Souza , Corcinio Karolaine Santos 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate variations regarding the formation and course of the sural nerve (SN).
Methods. We dissected 60 formalin-fixed Brazilian fetuses (n = 120 lower limbs) aged from the 16th to 34th weeks of gestational age. Three incisions were made in the leg to expose the SN, and the gastrocnemius muscle was retracted to investigate the SN course. Statistical analyses regarding laterality and sex were performed using the Chi-square test.
Results. Eight SN formation patterns were classified after analysis. Type 4 (in which the SN is formed by the union of the MSCN with the LSCN) was the most common SN formation pattern. Although there was no statistical association between the formation patterns and the lower limb laterality (p = 0.9725), there was as to sex (p = 0.03973), indicating an association between anatomical variation and sex. The site of branch joining was in the distal leg most time (53.75%). In all lower limbs, the SN or its branches crossed from the medial aspect of the leg to the lateral margin of the calcaneal tendon (CT).
Conclusion. Most often, the SN is formed by joining the MSCN and the LSCN in the distal leg. The SN or its branches ran close to the saphenous vein, crossed the CT from medial to lateral, and distributed around the lateral malleolus.
An advanced cuprotosis-related long non-coding RNA signature predicts the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Ying , Liu Caiqi , Wang Yuan , Shi Jiaqi , Luo Shengnan , Zhang Xue , Zheng Tongsen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cuprotosis was discovered as a previously unidentified mode of cell death in March 2022. However, the relationship between this novel copper-mediated cell death and non-coding RNA has not been explored in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We developed a useful predictive model based on the TCGA-LIHC using four cuprotosis-related lncRNAs (AC026401.3, NRAV, CAPN10-DT, and SNHG4). As determined by the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, the median survival time of those in the high-risk group was significantly lower than that of those in the low-risk group (P＜0.001). The risk score (0.772) has a much greater area under the curve (AUC) than the stage (0.671), age (0.531), gender (0.509), or grade (0.499). We used CIBERSORT, QUNANTISEQ, XCELL, CIBERSORT-ABS, EPIC, TIMER, and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) to compare immune cell infiltration, immunological function, and immune checkpoint related gene expression. And ssGSEA analysis revealed that the expression of 12 types of immune function genes differed between high- and low-risk groups. In the high-risk group, the expression of genes involved in APC-co-stimulation, checkpoint, human leukocyte antigen (HLA), MHC class I, T cell-co-stimulation, and so on were significantly up-regulated, whereas type I IFN response and type II IFN response were markedly down-regulated. CD274, HAVCR2, CTLA4, VTCN1, CD27, and CD200RL expression levels were all greater in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group, with the exception of ADORA2A. To sum up, the model based on the signature of 4 kinds of cuprotosis-related lncRNAs can effectively assess the prognosis and survival of HCC patients.
A comparison of cosmological models with high-redshift quasars
Authors: Fan Liuyuan , Fang Guanwen , Hu Jian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The non-linear relationship between the monochromatic X-ray and UV luminosities in quasars offers the possibility of using high-z quasars as standard candles for cosmological testing. In this paper, we use a high-quality catalog of 1598 quasars extending to redshift ∼6, to compare the Rh = ct and ΛCDM cosmological models which are the most debated. The quasar samples are mainly from the XMM-Newton and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). As we shall see, the Akaike Information Criterion favors ΛCDM over Rh = ct with a relative likelihood of ∼ 86.35% versus ∼ 13.65%.
Negative Pressure Wound Management in Perineal Wound Status Post Abdominoperineal Resection and Extralevator Abdominoperineal Excision : A Meta-analysis and Trial sequential analysis
Authors: Fan Cheng-Wei , Chen Po-Huang , Jhou Hong-Jie , Cheng Yi-Chiao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Recent evidence-based publications disclosed that negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) may reduce the incidence rate of surgical site infection and length of hospital stay compared with conventional drainage in patient status post abdominoperineal resection (APR) and extralevator abdominoperineal excision (ELAPE).
Methods:
Data sources: Eligible randomized controlled trials, retrospective and prospective studies published before June 2021 were retrieved from databases(Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase).
Study selection: (a) the study involved patients undergoing ELAPE or APR with postoperative NPWT; (b) the study compared NWPT with conventional drainage and reported at least one outcome of interest (i.e., SSI); and (c) the study provided adequate information to calculate the effect estimated for meta-analysis.
Interventions: We calculated the odds ratio (ORs) and mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Main outcome measures: The measure outcomes included SSI and LOS.
Results: Eight articles, involving 547 patients, met the selection criteria. Compared to conventional drainage, NPWT was associated with a significantly lower SSI rate (fixed-effect, OR 0.29; 95% CI 0.18–0.45; I2 = 0%) in eight studies and 547 patients. Besides, NPWT was associated with a shorter LOS (fixed-effect, MD −2.00; CI −2.60 to −1.39; I2 = 0%) than conventional drainage in three studies and 305 patients. In a trial sequential analysis, the cumulative number of patients in the analyses of both outcomes exceeded the required information size and surpassed the signiﬁcance boundary in favor of NPWT, suggesting conclusive results.
Conclusion: NPWT is superior to conventional drainage in both SSI rate and LOS, and the statistical power of SSI and LOS are confirmed by trial sequential analysis.
Thermophysical Properties of Bentonite-sand/fly ash Based Backfill Materials for Underground Power Cable
Authors: Sah Pawan Kishor , Kumar Shiv Shankar , S. Sreedeep 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The surrounding (backfill) materials around the underground power cable systems are essential for dissipiating the heat away from it, during the exertion phases. The heat dissipiation restrains the thermal instability and risk of progressive drying of the backfill materials, thus, reduce thermal stress on power cable. Thermal instability is the reduction of thermal properties (conductivity or diffusivity) due to migration of moisture because of heat accumulation. Thus, the backfill materials should have adequate thermal properties and favorable water retention capacity, which will falicitate the heat transfer easily from the heat source to the surrounding area with minimal moisture migration. The bentonite have high water retention capacity, but low thermal conductivity. Sand/fly ash exhibit low water retention and have higher thermal conductivity than bentonite. The addition of bentonite promote the water holding capacity and thermo-physical properties of sand and fly ash. Therefore, this study presents the thermal properties of backfill materials, bentonite-fly ash (B-F) and bentonite-sand (B-S) at varying weigth-percent of sand and fly ash with bentonite. various compositions of the mixtures were compacted to varying dry densities and water contents and thermal properties variation of backfill materials were measured using a dual thermal needle probe ‘KD2 Pro 2008’ at room temperature. The study deals with systematic evaluation of the volumetric specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity and diffusivity of backfill materials against varying dry density and water content. The threshold water content (TWC) has been determined from the thermal diffusivity-water content variation curve and it has correlated with plastic limit (PL) and optimum mosite conetn (OMC). Thereafter, the efficacy two thermal conductivity prediction models also were statistically evaluated with respect to experimental results.
Phase transition retrieval through in-situ observations
Authors: Romanovski Mikhail 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Liquid transfer features in heating moisture-contenting materials are studied as a problem of phase transition retrieval by observations of specimen moisture state. The processing method is designed under the condition that a given sample weakly reflects the observed state changes. This requires a high-resolution processing, which is considered as a best consistency with observations. Regularization is applied to account for the ill-conditioned discretization of the mathematical model of the phenomenon and to ensure the approximation of a reconstructed function using a high-dimensional basis. The experimental data processing by the proposed method demonstrates for the first time that thin layer drying can involve a sequence of phase transitions. This causes a drop in the drying rate, which prevents moisture removal. Traditional processing of the experimentally determined drying curve and its direct differentiation do not reflect cases of mass transfer blocking and lead to a restricted interpretation of the experimental data. The application of traditional thermal models in the high-resolution conceptual processing of in-situ observations yields significant information about latent phenomena.
Contributions of economies of scale in pollination efficiency and predispersal predation to seed viability effects of masting
Authors: Pesendorfer Mario Benjamin , Bogdziewicz Michał , Oberklammer Iris , Nopp-Mayr Ursula , Szwagrzyk Jerzy , Gratzer Georg 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Economies of scale (EoS), reduced individual costs when plant populations produce large numbers of seeds, are considered a central adaptive benefit of masting, the spatial synchronization of interannual variation in seed production. Throughout the development of seeds in wind-pollinated trees, multiple EoS mechanisms such as increased pollination efficiency and reduced predation rates have been identified. It is unclear, however, whether the same EoS mechanisms apply to co-occurring species and how sequential mechanisms interact to determine seed fate. Here, we use a long-term data set of seed production of beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies), and silver fir (Abies alba) in a primeval montane forest to investigate the relationship between seed production, pollination efficiency, and predispersal predation by insects. Our results show that the three species differed in presence and extent of EoS mechanisms. In silver fir, only pollination efficiency increased exponentially with seed density, while in Norway spruce only the rate of insect predation decreased with crop size. In beech, both EoS mechanisms had dramatic effects on seed quality and, importantly, our results suggest that pollination efficiency mediated the extent of predispersal predation. Furthermore, we found that both pollination and predation rates only increase strongly in the lower range of seed production, and that predation rates also depend on the extent of seed production the previous year. These findings illustrate that economy-of-scale effects are not universal and that multiple mechanisms in sequence can interact to shape seed fate.
Microbiome-Derived Cobalamin and Succinyl-CoA are Powerful Biomarkers for Improved Screening of Anal Cancer
Authors: Serrano-Villar Sergio , Saenz Johan S. , Tincati Camilla , Raju Sajan , Moreno Elena , Bargiela Rafael , Cabello Alfonso , Sendagorta Elena , Benito Amparo , Kurz Alina , Perez-Molina Jose A. , Hov Johannes , Fernández-López Laura , Muriel Alfonso , Campo Rosa del , Moreno Santiago , Troseid Marius , Seifert Jana , Ferrer Manuel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background. People with HIV (PWH) exhibit a markedly increased risk of anal cancer, especially men who have sex with men (MSM), with specific microbiota signatures possibly contributing to greater human papillomavirus (HPV) oncogenic potential. Low specificity of the current screening strategy for detecting high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) hinders anal cancer prevention. We investigated microbiome derivatives associated with HSIL in anal cytology samples.

Methods. We recruited a discovery and a validation cohort at four clinical sites in Spain and Italy. Study participants were mostly MSM undergoing HSIL screening with high-resolution anoscopy and anal biopsies to confirm HSIL. We extracted the bacterial DNA, proteins, and metabolites from anal cytology samples, and we performed 16SrRNA gene sequencing, mass spectrometry, and targeted metabolite quantification.

Results. We included 213 participants, 167 in the discovery cohort (70 with confirmed HSIL) and 46 in the validation cohort (25 with confirmed HSIL). While we did not find clear microbiome composition signatures associated with HSIL, the microbiome associated with HSIL overexpressed proteins involved in the production of succinyl-CoA and cobalamin, with levels consistently increased in subjects with HSIL in the discovery and validation cohorts.
Combined measurement of succinyl-CoA and cobalamin overperformed anal cytology, improving sensitivity from 91.2% to 96.6%, specificity from 34.1% to 81.8%, positive predictive value from 48.1% to 77.8%, and negative predictive value from 85.3% to 97.3%. While anal cytology correctly classified only 59.9% of individuals, combined measurement of both metabolites improved the classification to 87.7%. This test overcame internal (adjusted AUC 0.877) and external validation. From 98 false-positive cytologic results, succinyl-CoA and cobalamin level measurement reclassified 49 (50%) to true negatives. Finally, we demonstrate greater in vitro production of succinyl-CoA and cobalamin in bacteria associated with HSIL or cancer vs. those presumably protective.

Conclusions. Cobalamin and succinyl-CoA are overexpressed in the anal microbiome of patients with HSIL and show excellent diagnostic capacity. Their measurement overperforms anal cytology to screen for patients with HSIL. Hence, we discovered two powerful biomarkers for which detection methods can readily be established, that could improve the current strategy of anal cancer screening.
Application of the Composite Quality Score (CQS-2) in systematic reviews of prospective, controlled, clinical therapy trials – a pilot study (Protocol)
Authors: Mickenautsch Steffen , Rupf Stefan , Kimmie-Dhansay Faheema , Yengopal Veerasamy 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives: To establish, whether clinical conclusions from systematic reviews that applied the
second version of Cochrane’s Risk of Bias tool (RoB 2) remain the same when the Composite
Quality Score (CQS-2) is used, instead.
Methods: PubMed will be searched for one systematic review that complies with the following
criteria: At least 20 prospective, clinical, controlled therapy trials included into meta-analyses;
computable data for test- and control group reported; trial appraisal using the RoB 2 tool; inclusion
of at least 5 trials in at least one single comparison per measured outcome; published in English. All
trial reports included in the systematic review will be traced in full copy and the following data
extracted per trial: Full reference details; overall RoB 2 appraisal decision; computable datasets. All
trial reports will be re-appraised using the CQS-2. All datasets will be stratified by overall bias risk
(RoB 2 tool) and per corroboration (C-) level (CQS-2). Trial data for each bias risk and C-level will
be statistically pooled using Mantel-Haenszel statistics with random-effects model. All pooled ‘low
bias risk’ effect estimates (RoB 2) and all pooled effect estimates of the highest C-level with data
(CQS-2) will in turn each be pooled by use of a random effects meta-analysis. DerSimonian and
Laird’s method of moments estimator will be used to estimate the between-study variance. Statistical
inconsistency will be quantified using the I2 statistic. The pooled effect estimates of both appraisal
tools will be statistically compared using the Wald-test and the null-hypothesis tested that both are
not significantly different. Clinical conclusions based on the pooled ‘low bias risk’ estimates (RoB 2)
and the C4-level (CQS-2) will be qualitatively compared.
Reporting: The final report will be made available online as preprint in one of the major preprint
repositories and submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.
Impacts of wetland loss and fragmentation on the hydrology of Zimbabwe's highveld
Authors: Magure Martin , Gumindoga Webster , Makurira Hodson , Rwasoka Donald Tendai 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Wetland loss and fragmentation are among the greatest threats to water resources in developed and developing countries. While several studies on wetland fragmentation have been done, a few have looked at impacts of wetland fragmentation on hydrology, with none having been done on Zimbabwe's highveld headwater catchments. There is a critical need to investigate the influence of wetlands on flow regimes of highveld headwater catchments, to understand the hydrological role that wetlands play in sustaining water resources. Endowed with dambos, marshes and riverine wetlands, Zimbabwe's highveld play a significant role in sustaining Zimbabwe's water resources, with major river systems originating from the highveld plateau, having wetlands as their source regions. Hydrologic impacts of wetland fragmentation on flow regimes of highveld headwater catchments i.e., Upper Manyame (Manyame catchment), Nyagui (Mazowe catchment) and Macheke (Save catchment) were analyzed for the period from 1984–2021. Analysis of landcover and wetland change as well as streamflow characteristics was done for 1984, 1994, 2004, 2014 and 2021 periods. Simulation of streamflow under wetland fragmentation was done using the topographically driven rainfall-runoff model (TOPMODEL), which was set up, calibrated and validated for the most sensitive parameters, which include scaling parameter (m), transmissivity (To) and root zone available water capacity (SRmax). Results from landuse/cover analysis for the period between 1984 and 2021 showed a decrease in wetland area, followed by an increase in built up area and bare land for the same period, owing to expansion of urban areas and cultivation into wetland areas. Hydrological simulation by TOPMODEL and flow duration curve analysis show that wetland fragmentation has resulted in increased peak flows, while low flows have declined for the three catchments. The findings of this research would be helpful in understanding the hydrological functions of highveld wetlands, providing the reference for protection and sustainable utilization of wetland resources in the highveld catchments.