bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relevance of Deployment Experience and Clinical Practice Characteristics on Military Critical Care Air Transport Team Readiness: A Study of Simulation Construct Validity
Authors: Brown Daniel J , Frasier Lane , Robinson F Eric , Cheney Mark , Davis William T , Salvator Ann , Andresen Mark , Proctor Melissa , Earnest Ryan , Pritts Timothy , Strilka Richard 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The Critical Care Air Transport Team (CCATT) Advanced course utilizes fully immersive high-fidelity simulations to train CCATT personnel and assess their readiness for deployment. This study aims to (1) determine whether these simulations correctly discriminate between students with previous deployment experience (“experienced”) and no deployment experience (“novices”) and (2) examine the effects of students’ clinical practice environment on their performance during training simulations.

Materials and Methods
Critical Care Air Transport Team Advanced student survey data and course status (pass/no pass) between March 2006 and April 2020 were analyzed. The data included students’ specialty, previous exposure to the CCATT Advanced course, previous CCATT deployment experience, years in clinical practice (&lt;5, 5–15, and &gt;15 years), and daily practice of critical care (yes/no), as well as a description of the students’ hospital to include the total number of hospital (&lt;100, 100–200, 201–400, and &gt;400) and intensive care unit (0, 1–10, 11–20, and &gt;20) beds. Following descriptive analysis and comparative tests, multivariable regression was used to identify the predictors of passing the CCATT Advanced course.

Results
A total of 2,723 surveys were analyzed: 841 (31%) were physicians (MDs), 1,035 (38%) were registered nurses, and 847 (31%) were respiratory therapists (RTs); 641 (24%) of the students were repeating the course for sustainment training and 664 (24%) had previous deployment experience. Grouped by student specialty, the MDs’, registered nurses’, and RTs’ pass rates were 92.7%, 90.6%, and 85.6%, respectively. Multivariable regression results demonstrated that deployment experience was a robust predictor of passing. In addition, the &gt;15 years in practice group had a 47% decrease in the odds of passing as compared to the 5 to 15 years in practice group. Finally, using MDs as the reference, the RTs had a 61% decrease in their odds of passing. The daily practice of critical care provided a borderline but nonsignificant passing advantage, whereas previous CCATT course exposure had no effect.

Conclusion
Our primary result was that the CCATT Advanced simulations that are used to evaluate whether the students are mission ready successfully differentiated “novice” from “experienced” students; this is consistent with valid simulation constructs. Finally, novice CCATT students do not sustain their readiness skills during the period between mandated refresher training.
Shiitake Dermatitis and Potential Implications for Military Readiness
Authors: Eubanks Bianca N , Linabury John F , Kumetz Erik A 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Shiitake flagellate dermatitis is an intensely pruritic erythematous or violaceous eruption marked by “whip-like” linear streaks consisting of papules or plaques following the ingestion of undercooked shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes). Most commonly localized on the trunk and upper limbs, the characteristic pattern of the rash is associated with the consumption of lentinan, a thermolabile toxin found within the mushroom, as well as a broad range of other dermatological conditions, including dermatomyositis, adult-onset Still’s disease, and reactions to medications such as bleomycin. In this case report, we present a 24year-old active duty service member who presented to the clinic for the evaluation of a flagellate erythematous eruption on his abdomen, back, and extremities. As U.S. forces pivot to operating in austere and resource-limited settings in the Pacific, recognizing the spectrum of diagnoses encompassed by flagellate erythema is important for maintaining operational readiness and differentiating self-limited cutaneous manifestations from more serious underlying conditions associated with this finding.
tRForest: a novel random forest-based algorithm for tRNA-derived fragment target prediction
Authors: Parikh Rohan , Wilson Briana , Marrah Laine , Su Zhangli , Saha Shekhar , Kumar Pankaj , Huang Fenix , Dutta Anindya 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
tRNA fragments (tRFs) are small RNAs comparable to the size and function of miRNAs. tRFs are generally Dicer independent, are found associated with Ago, and can repress expression of genes post-transcriptionally. Given that this expands the repertoire of small RNAs capable of post-transcriptional gene expression, it is important to predict tRF targets with confidence. Some attempts have been made to predict tRF targets, but are limited in the scope of tRF classes used in prediction or limited in feature selection. We hypothesized that established miRNA target prediction features applied to tRFs through a random forest machine learning algorithm will immensely improve tRF target prediction. Using this approach, we show significant improvements in tRF target prediction for all classes of tRFs and validate our predictions in two independent cell lines. Finally, Gene Ontology analysis suggests that among the tRFs conserved between mice and humans, the predicted targets are enriched significantly in neuronal function, and we show this specifically for tRF-3009a. These improvements to tRF target prediction further our understanding of tRF function broadly across species and provide avenues for testing novel roles for tRFs in biology. We have created a publicly available website for the targets of tRFs predicted by tRForest.
The Ramp Atlas: facilitating tissue and cell-specific ramp sequence analyses through an intuitive web interface
Authors: Miller Justin B , Meurs Taylor E , Hodgman Matthew W , Song Benjamin , Miller Kyle N , Ebbert Mark T W , Kauwe John S K , Ridge Perry G 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRamp sequences occur when the average translational efficiency of codons near the 5′ end of highly expressed genes is significantly lower than the rest of the gene sequence, which counterintuitively increases translational efficiency by decreasing downstream ribosomal collisions. Here, we show that the relative codon adaptiveness within different tissues changes the existence of a ramp sequence without altering the underlying genetic code. We present the first comprehensive analysis of tissue and cell type-specific ramp sequences and report 3108 genes with ramp sequences that change between tissues and cell types, which corresponds with increased gene expression within those tissues and cells. The Ramp Atlas (https://ramps.byu.edu/) allows researchers to query precomputed ramp sequences in 18 388 genes across 62 tissues and 66 cell types and calculate tissue-specific ramp sequences from user-uploaded FASTA files through an intuitive web interface. We used The Ramp Atlas to identify seven SARS-CoV-2 genes and seven human SARS-CoV-2 entry factor genes with tissue-specific ramp sequences that may help explain viral proliferation within those tissues. We anticipate that The Ramp Atlas will facilitate personalized and creative tissue-specific ramp sequence analyses for both human and viral genes that will increase our ability to utilize this often-overlooked regulatory region.
Olutasidenib (FT-2102) in patients with relapsed or refractory IDH1-mutant glioma: A multicenter, open-label, phase Ib/II trial
Authors: de la Fuente Macarena I , Colman Howard , Rosenthal Mark , Van Tine Brian A , Levacic Danijela , Walbert Tobias , Gan Hui K , Vieito Maria , Milhem Mohammed M , Lipford Kathryn , Forsyth Sanjeev , Guichard Sylvie M , Mikhailov Yelena , Sedkov Alexander , Brevard Julie , Kelly Patrick F , Mohamed Hesham , Monga Varun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
Olutasidenib (FT-2102) is a highly potent, orally bioavailable, brain-penetrant and selective inhibitor of mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1). The aim of the study was to determine the safety and clinical activity of olutasidenib in patients with relapsed/refractory gliomas harboring an IDH1R132X mutation.

Methods
This was an open-label, multicenter, nonrandomized, phase Ib/II clinical trial. Eligible patients (≥18 years) had histologically confirmed IDH1R132X-mutated glioma that relapsed or progressed on or following standard therapy and had measurable disease. Patients received olutasidenib, 150 mg orally twice daily (BID) in continuous 28-day cycles. The primary endpoints were dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) (cycle 1) and safety in phase I and objective response rate using the Modified Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology criteria in phase II.

Results
Twenty-six patients were enrolled and followed for a median 15.1 months (7.3‒19.4). No DLTs were observed in the single-agent glioma cohort and the pharmacokinetic relationship supported olutasidenib 150 mg BID as the recommended phase II dose. In the response-evaluable population, disease control rate (objective response plus stable disease) was 48%. Two (8%) patients demonstrated a best response of partial response and eight (32%) had stable disease for at least 4 months. Grade 3‒4 adverse events (≥10%) included alanine aminotransferase increased and aspartate aminotransferase increased (three [12%], each).

Conclusions
Olutasidenib 150 mg BID was well tolerated in patients with relapsed/refractory gliomas harboring an IDH1R132X mutation and demonstrated preliminary evidence of clinical activity in this heavily pretreated population.
Comparative single-cell RNA-sequencing profiling of BMP4-treated primary glioma cultures reveals therapeutic markers
Authors: Verploegh Iris S C , Conidi Andrea , Brouwer Rutger W W , Balcioglu Hayri E , Karras Panagiotis , Makhzami Samira , Korporaal Anne , Marine Jean-Christophe , Lamfers Martine , Van IJcken Wilfred F J , Leenstra Sieger , Huylebroeck Danny 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor. Its cellular composition is very heterogeneous, with cells exhibiting stem-cell characteristics (GSCs) that co-determine therapy resistance and tumor recurrence. Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP)-4 promotes astroglial and suppresses oligodendrocyte differentiation in GSCs, processes associated with superior patient prognosis. We characterized variability in cell viability of patient-derived GBM cultures in response to BMP4 and, based on single-cell transcriptome profiling, propose predictive positive and early-response markers for sensitivity to BMP4.

Methods
Cell viability was assessed in 17 BMP4-treated patient-derived GBM cultures. In two cultures, one highly-sensitive to BMP4 (high therapeutic efficacy) and one with low-sensitivity, response to treatment with BMP4 was characterized. We applied single-cell RNA-sequencing, analyzed the relative abundance of cell clusters, searched for and identified the aforementioned two marker types, and validated these results in all 17 cultures.

Results
High variation in cell viability was observed after treatment with BMP4. In three cultures with highest sensitivity for BMP4, a substantial new cell subpopulation formed. These cells displayed decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. Neuronal differentiation was reduced most in cultures with little sensitivity for BMP4. OLIG1/2 levels were found predictive for high sensitivity to BMP4. Activation of ribosomal translation (RPL27A, RPS27) was up-regulated within one day in cultures that were very sensitive to BMP4.

Conclusion
The changes in composition of patient-derived GBM cultures obtained after treatment with BMP4 correlate with treatment efficacy. OLIG1/2 expression can predict this efficacy, and upregulation of RPL27A and RPS27 are useful early-response markers.
Sexual dimorphism of the immune system predicts clinical outcomes in glioblastoma immunotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shireman Jack M , Ammanuel Simon , Eickhoff Jens C , Dey Mahua 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
Biological differences based on sex have been documented throughout the scientific literature. Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, has a male sex incidence bias, however, no clinical trial data examining differential effects of treatment between sexes currently exists.

Method
We analyzed genomic data, as well as clinical trials, to delineate the effect of sex on the immune system and GBM outcome following immunotherapy.

Results
We found that in general females possess enriched immunological signatures on gene set enrichment analysis, which also stratified patient survival when delineated by sex. Female GBM patients treated with immunotherapy had a statistically significant survival advantage at the 1-year compared to males (relative risk [RR] = 1.15; P = .0241). This effect was even more pronounced in vaccine-based immunotherapy (RR = 1.29; P = .0158).

Conclusions
Our study shows a meaningful difference in the immunobiology between males and females that also influences the overall response to immunotherapy in the setting of GBM.
Coordination of hydraulic thresholds across roots, stems, and leaves of two co-occurring mangrove species
Authors: Jiang (蒋国凤) Guo-Feng , Li (李溯源) Su-Yuan , Li (李艺蝉) Yi-Chan , Roddy Adam B 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Mangroves are frequently inundated with saline water and have evolved different anatomical and physiological mechanisms to filter and, in some species, excrete excess salt from the water they take up. Because salts impose osmotic stress, interspecific differences in salt tolerance and salt management strategy may influence physiological responses to drought throughout the entire plant hydraulic pathway, from roots to leaves. Here, we characterized embolism vulnerability simultaneously in leaves, stems, and roots of seedlings of two mangrove species (Avicennia marina and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) along with turgor-loss points in roots and leaves and xylem anatomical traits. In both species, the water potentials causing 50% of total embolism were less negative in roots and leaves than they were in stems, but the water potentials causing incipient embolism (5%) were similar in roots, stems, and leaves. Stomatal closure in leaves and turgor loss in both leaves and roots occurred at water potentials only slightly less negative than the water potentials causing 5% of total embolism. Xylem anatomical traits were unrelated to vulnerability to embolism. Vulnerability segmentation may be important in limiting embolism spread into stems from more vulnerable roots and leaves. Interspecific differences in salt tolerance affected hydraulic traits from roots to leaves: the salt-secretor A. marina lost turgor at more negative water potentials and had more embolism-resistant xylem than the salt-excluder B. gymnorrhiza. Characterizing physiological thresholds of roots may help to explain recent mangrove mortality after drought and extended saltwater inundation.
Regulating Family Law in Federations: The Impact of De/Centralization, Religion, and International Treaties on Abortion and Child Marriage Policies
Authors: Vickers Jill 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThere has been little study of the effects of federalism on the regulation and reform of family law (FL). This article addresses that gap by identifying variables that affect two aspects of FL: child marriage and abortion. The underlying research question is what conditions make it easier to reform discriminatory FL in one federation compared to another. FL involves multiple rules governing marriage, divorce, custody, adoption, and often inheritance and family property use. Many gender scholars also include reproductive self-determination, specifically abortion. FL rules also have multiple elements: e.g., marriage regulations govern age, “race,” sex, domicile, etc., that often differ across constituent units. The main variable examined is the extent of centralization, because the dominant pattern of regulation in these cases is centralized legislation and decentralized implementation. The other two variables explored are religion and international norms-building and their effects on FL regulation and reform.
Bank Bonus Pay as a Risk Sharing Contract
Authors: Efing Matthias , Hau Harald , Kampkötter Patrick , Rochet Jean-Charles 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We argue that risk sharing motivates the bankwide structure of bonus pay. In the presence of financial frictions that make external financing costly, the optimal contract between shareholders and employees involves some degree of risk sharing whereby bonus pay partially absorbs negative earnings shocks. Using payroll data for $1.26$ million employee-years in all functional divisions of Austrian, German, and Swiss banks, we uncover several empirical patterns in bonus pay that are difficult to rationalize exclusively with incentive theories of bonus pay but that support an important risk sharing motive.
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
0008 University-wide chronotyping shows late-type students have lower grades, shorter sleep, and more absenteeism
Authors: Yeo Sing Chen , Tan Jacinda , Lai Clin , Lim Samantha , Chandramoghan Yuvan , Gooley Joshua 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
A person’s preferred timing of nocturnal sleep (chronotype) has important implications for cognitive performance. Students who prefer to sleep late may have a selective learning disadvantage for morning classes due to inadequate sleep and circadian desynchrony. We tested whether late-type students perform worse only for morning classes, and we investigated factors that may contribute to their poorer academic achievement.

Methods
Chronotype was determined objectively in 33,645 university students (early, n = 3,965; intermediate, n = 23,787; late, n = 5,893) by analysing the diurnal distribution of their logins on the university’s Learning Management System (LMS). Linear mixed models were used to test for differences between chronotype groups in grade point average (n = 33,645), actigraphy-estimated sleep behaviour (n = 261), and class attendance estimated using Wi-Fi connection data (n = 17,356).

Results
Late-type students had lower grades than their peers for courses held at all different times of day, and during semesters when they had no morning classes. Actigraphy studies confirmed LMS-derived chronotype was associated with students’ sleep patterns. Nocturnal sleep on school days was shortest in late-type students because they went to bed later than the other chronotype groups and woke up earlier compared with non-school days. Wi-Fi connection logs for classrooms revealed that late-type students had lower lecture attendance than their peers for both morning and afternoon classes.

Conclusion
Large university-archived datasets can be used to assess relationships between chronotype and academic performance. Late-type students had lower grades, shorter sleep, and were more likely to miss classes. Shifting classes later may improve sleep and circadian synchrony in late-type students. However, this probably will not eliminate the performance gap because they still had lower grades when they only had afternoon classes. Interventions that focus on improving students’ well-being and learning strategies may be important for addressing the late-type academic disadvantage.

Support (If Any)
Data storage and management were supported by the NUS Office of the Senior Deputy President & Provost and ALSET. The work was funded by the Ministry of Education, Singapore (MOE2019-T2-2-074) and the National Research Foundation, Singapore (NRF2016-SOL002-001).
0010 Bed Sharing Versus Sleeping Alone Associated with Sleep Health and Mental Health
Authors: Fuentes Brandon , Kennedy Kathryn , Killgore William , Wills Chloe , Grandner Michael 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Although many adults do not sleep alone, associations between bed-sharing and sleep parameters in community samples are not well-known. The present study explored whether sharing a bed was associated with sleep duration and quality and mental health factors.

Methods
Data was obtained as part of the Sleep and Health Activity, Diet, Environment, and Socialization (SHADES) study of N=1,007 working-age adults from southeastern Pennsylvania. Bed Sharing was assessed with survey items assessing frequency in the past month of sharing a bed with a partner/spouse, child/children, pet(s), other family member(s), or nobody (sleeping alone). Other sleep health factors assessed included Insomnia Severity Index, Brief Index of Sleep Control, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, STOP-BANG apnea score, sleep duration, sleep latency, and wake after sleep onset. Mental health factors included PHQ9 depression score, GAD7 anxiety score, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Perceived Stress Scale, and global ratings for overall life satisfaction and relationship satisfaction. Covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, and education.

Results
Compared to those who reported “Never,” those who shared a bed with a partner “Most nights” reported less insomnia severity (B=-1.60; 95%CI[-2.55,-0.66]; p=0.001), more sleep (B=0.25; 95%CI[0.02,0.48]; p=0.035), less fatigue (B=-2.24; 95%CI[-4.10,-0.39]; p=0.018), less sleep apnea risk (B=-0.25; 95%CI[-0.42,-0.09]; p=0.003), shorter sleep latency (B=-6.32; 95%CI[-11.15,-1.50]; p=0.010) and less WASO (B=-8.69; 95%CI[-15.85,-1.52]; p=0.018). Those who slept with their child “Most nights” reported greater insomnia severity (B=2.14; 95%CI[0.65,3.62; p=0.005), less control over sleep (B=-0.37; 95%CI[-0.59,-0.15]; p=0.001), and greater sleep apnea risk (B=0.33; 95%CI[0.07,0.59]; p=0.012). Those who slept with other family members reported more apnea risk (B=0.44; 95%CI[0.07,0.82]; p=0.021). Those who slept alone reported greater insomnia severity (B=2.28; 95%CI[1.28,3.28]; p&lt;0.0001), more sleepiness (B=0.98; 95%CI[0.22,1.74]; p=0.011), more fatigue (B=2.87; 95%CI[0.89,4.84]; p=0.005), and greater apnea risk (B=0.24; 95%CI[0.06,0.41]; p=0.007). In addition, sleeping with a partner was associated with lower depression, anxiety, and stress scores, and greater social support and satisfaction with life and relationships. Sleeping with children was associated with more stress. Sleeping alone was associated with higher depression scores, and lower social support and life and relationship satisfaction.

Conclusion
Sleeping with a partner/spouse is associated with better sleep quality and mental health overall. Sleeping with a child, on the other hand, was associated with worse sleep in general.

Support (If Any)