bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teilflächenbelastung von epoxidharzbasiertem Polymerfeinbeton
Authors: Immenga Leon , Schmeck Michel , Schmid Volker , Gengnagel Christoph 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPolymerbeton gleicht in seiner Zusammensetzung herkömmlichem Zementbeton. Jedoch wird der üblicherweise als Bindemittel verwendete Zementleim durch ein polymeres Reaktionsharz substituiert. Verglichen mit Zementbeton zeichnet sich Polymerbeton durch seine hohen Festigkeiten, eine gute chemische Beständigkeit sowie durch seine kurze Erhärtungszeit aus. Aufgrund seiner hervorragenden Adhäsionseigenschaften lässt sich Polymerbeton mit unterschiedlichsten Materialien verbinden, weshalb er vorrangig Anwendung in der Reparatur von Holz‐ und Betonbauteilen findet. In einem aktuellen Forschungsprojekt wird zudem der Einsatz von Polymerbeton in lösbaren Verzahnungsverbindungen erforscht. Seine hohen Festigkeiten machen Polymerbeton zu einem optimalen Baustoff für Lasteinleitungsbereiche, in denen hohe Druckkräfte teilflächig in ein Betonbauteil eingeleitet werden. Insbesondere die hohe Zugfestigkeit, welche die des herkömmlichen Zementbetons um das Fünffache überschreiten kann, könnte den Einsatz von zusätzlicher Bewehrung obsolet machen. Weil für das Tragverhalten von Polymerbeton unter Teilflächenbelastung bislang kaum Forschungsergebnisse vorliegen, werden in diesem Beitrag neue Druckversuche an Polymerbetonprismen vorgestellt, bei denen die Last über unterschiedlich große Stahlstempel teilflächig in den Querschnitt eingeleitet wurde. Darauf aufbauend wird ein Berechnungsansatz vorgeschlagen, der eine zuverlässige Berechnung der maximal aufnehmbaren Teilflächenspannung von Polymerbeton ermöglicht.
Circumferential wall enhancement with contrast ratio measurement in unruptured intracranial aneurysm for aneurysm instability
Authors: Wu Xiao‐Bing , Zhong Jing‐Lian , Wang Sheng‐Wen , Su Yun , Chen Pei‐Sheng , Li Zhong‐Jun , Xiang Chun , Cai Wang‐Qing , Shi Zhong‐Song 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundAneurysm wall enhancement on high‐resolution vessel wall imaging (HR‐VWI) may represent vessel wall inflammation for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs). Further evidence for the role of circumferential aneurysm wall enhancement (CAWE) in evaluating the instability of UIAs is required, especially in small aneurysms (<7 mm).MethodsWe analyzed patients with saccular UIAs who prospectively underwent HR‐VWI on a 3.0 T MRI scanner in our center from September 2017 to August 2021. The presence of AWE was identified and quantitatively measured using the aneurysm‐to‐pituitary stalk contrast ratio (CRstalk) with maximal signal intensity value. The PHASES and ELAPSS scores were used to assess the risk of aneurysm rupture and growth. We evaluated the association of CAWE and CRstalk value with intracranial aneurysm instability.ResultsOne hundred patients with 109 saccular UIAs were included in this study. Eighty‐three UIAs (76.1%) had a size smaller than 7 mm. PHASES and ELAPSS scores were significantly higher in UIAs with CAWE than in UIAs without CAWE (p < .01). The association of CAWE with PHASES and ELAPSS scores remained in small UIAs (<7 mm). The optimal cutoff value of CRstalk for CAWE was 0.5. PHASES and ELAPSS scores were significantly higher in UIAs with CRstalk ≥0.5 than in UIAs with CRstalk <0.5 (p < .01).ConclusionsCAWE on HR‐VWI is a valuable imaging marker for aneurysm instability in UIAs. CRstalk value ≥0.5 may be associated with a higher risk of intracranial aneurysm rupture and growth.
Effect of filtrate flux and process disruptions on virus retention by a relatively homogeneous virus removal membrane
Authors: Afzal Mohammad A. , Zydney Andrew L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRecent studies have shown that virus retention by specific virus filters can be reduced at low flow rates and after process disruptions; however, the magnitude of these changes in virus retention and the underlying mechanisms controlling this behavior are still not well understood. The objective of this study was to develop a quantitative understanding of the factors controlling the virus retention behavior of a relatively homogeneous polyvinylidene fluoride virus removal filter. Data were obtained with the bacteriophage ϕX174 as a model virus. Virus retention decreased as the filtrate flux was reduced and also declined slightly over the course of the virus filtration. Virus retention immediately after a process disruption decreased by as much as a factor of 1000 (3‐logs) depending on the duration and timing of the disruption. The experimental results were well‐described using an internal polarization model that accounts for accumulation and release of virus during the filtration / disruption, with the key model parameters dependent on the filtrate flux. These results provide important insights into the factors controlling the virus retention behavior as well as guidelines for the effective use of virus removal filters in bioprocessing.
Intradermal nevus of the external auditory canal
Authors: Jeong Junhui , Kim Eun Kyung 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMelanocytic nevus is a benign melanocytic neoplasm and the most common type of skin tumor. Melanocytic nevus in the external auditory canal (EAC) is rare. Surgical excision and pathologic confirmation should be considered in large lesions, which could occlude the EAC, or atypical lesions that are suspicious for malignancy.
Pediatric case of Crohn’s disease with preceding vulvitis granulomatosa
Authors: Kakiuchi Toshihiko , Yoshiura Masato , Tanaka Kayo , Nagata‐Hashimoto Mao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCrohn’s disease (CD) of the vulva is a rare and under‐recognized condition. Since vulvar lesions may precede the diagnosis of digestive CD in approximately 25% of all cases, the coexistence or future onset of CD should be considered regardless of the gastrointestinal symptoms, even for pediatric patients.
Pneumatocele in a Ugandan female with SARS‐CoV2 infection: A case report
Authors: Srikant Sanjanaa , Dave Darshit , Dave Dhara 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPneumatocele may complicate the course of SARS‐CoV2 infection. Our article exhibits the value of early radiological imaging for the timely diagnosis and management of COVID‐19 and its complications. Conservative management is the mainstay of the treatment of pneumatoceles; however, prompt surgical intervention is imperative for complicated pneumatoceles.
Correspondence on “Cyanine Dyes Containing Quinoline Moieties: History, Synthesis, Optical Properties and Applications”
Authors: Mustroph Heinz 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the review on “Cyanine Dyes Containing Quinoline Moieties: History, Synthesis, Optical Properties and Applications” (K. Ilina, M. Henary, Chem Eur. J. 2021, 27, 2430; https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202003697), some essential aspects were incorrectly described and discussed. To avoid further confusion, this correspondence tries to clarify both the structures and the history of some cyanine and apocyanine dyes that were not presented sufficiently.
Reliable Functionalization of 5,6‐Fused Bicyclic N‐Heterocycles Pyrazolopyrimidines and Imidazopyridazines via Zinc and Magnesium Organometallics
Authors: Kumar Rout Saroj , Kastrati Agonist , Jangra Harish , Schwärzer Kuno , Sunagatullina Alisa S. , Garny Maximilien , Lima Fabio , Brocklehurst Cara E. , Karaghiosoff Konstantin , Zipse Hendrik , Knochel Paul 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDFT‐calculations allow prediction of the reactivity of uncommon N‐heterocyclic scaffolds of pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines and imidazo[1,2‐b]pyridazines and considerably facilitate their functionalization. The derivatization of these N‐heterocycles was realized using Grignard reagents for nucleophilic additions to 5‐chloropyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines and TMP2Zn ⋅ 2 MgCl2 ⋅ 2 LiCl allowed regioselective zincations. In the case of 6‐chloroimidazo[1,2‐b]pyridazine, bases such as TMP2Zn ⋅ MgCl2 ⋅ 2 LiCl, in the presence or absence of BF3 ⋅ OEt2, led to regioselective metalations at positions 3 or 8. Subsequent functionalizations were achieved with TMPMgCl ⋅ LiCl, producing various polysubstituted derivatives (up to penta‐substitution). X‐ray analysis confirmed the regioselectivity for key functional heterocycles.
Enhanced properties of polylactide/polyamide 11 blends by reactive compatibilization
Authors: Mousavi Zeinab , Heuzey Marie‐Claude , Randall Jed , Carreau Pierre J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPolylactide (PLA)/polyamide 11 (PA11) blends with 75/25 wt.% composition were prepared using an internal mixer. An epoxy‐based chain extender, Joncryl® ADR 4468, was used for reactive compatibilization of the blends. The effect of the mixing strategy of the chain extender with the blend components on its compatibilization effect and on the morphological, rheological, thermomechanical, and mechanical properties of the blends was determined. Due to more reactivity of the chain extender towards PLA compared to PA11, preparing the blends using the epoxy‐modified PA11 resulted in enhanced compatibilization and a reduction of the number‐average diameter of the dispersed droplets from 1.89 to 0.64 μm in the compatibilized blends. Larger complex viscosity and storage modulus were observed for blends prepared using the modified PA11 compared to blends from the modified PLA, consistent with the observed refinement of the morphology. Strain at break of the compatibilized blends increased to 150% compared to 6% for the neat PLA while maintaining the tensile strength and modulus at 62 MPa and 2 GPa (70 MPa and 2.4 GPa for PLA), respectively. The impact toughness increased from 24 J/m for neat PLA to around 40 J/m in compatibilized blends.
Small Molecule Alkoxy Oriented Selectiveness on Human Carbonic Anhydrase II and IX Inhibition
Authors: Bozdag Murat , Cravey Lochlin , Combs Jacob , Kota Anusha , McKenna Robert , Angeli Andrea , Selleri Silvia , Carta Fabrizio , Supuran Claudiu T. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe report aryl sulfonamide inhibitors of human carbonic anhydrase (hCA; EC 4.2.1.1) enzymes containing short ureido alkoxy tails. The inhibition potency of such compounds was investigated in vitro on the major hCA isoforms (i.e. I, II, IX, and XII). A selection of the most potent inhibitory derivatives against the hCA IX isoform (i.e. 5a, 5c, and 6c) was studied, and their binding modes on either hCA II and IX‐mimic isoform were assessed by X‐ray crystallography on the corresponding ligand/protein adducts. This study adds to the field of developing hCA inhibitors at molecular level the critical interactions governing ligand selectivity.
Three‐unit fixed dental prostheses supported by either two abutment implants or two abutment teeth: A comparative retrospective cohort study
Authors: Pol Christiaan W. P. , Raghoebar Gerry M. , Cune Marco S. , Meijer Henny J. A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesIn general, similar restorative constructions are made on natural teeth and on dental implants. The assumption is made that implants and their restoration perform the same as natural roots and their prosthetic restoration. Evaluating cohorts of three‐unit bridges on teeth and on implants, this retrospective clinical study aimed to compare implants and teeth as supporting units, including the reconstructions, in terms of survival, success, clinical, radiographic, and patient‐reported outcomes.Material and MethodsFrom an 8‐year period, all patients treated with a posterior three‐unit fixed reconstruction on either implants or teeth, with a follow‐up of at least 2 years, were identified. For each implant‐supported reconstruction, a comparable tooth‐supported reconstruction was selected, based on the length of follow‐up, the material of the reconstruction, and the location in either the maxilla or mandible.ResultsFor the Implant‐group, 24 patients could be matched with 24 best matching patients with tooth‐supported fixed dental prostheses (FPDs). Supporting implants and implant‐supported reconstructions were all in function with a mean follow‐up of 52 ± 23 months. Two tooth‐supported reconstructions had been replaced (91.7% survival) (mean follow‐up: 52 ± 19 months). Radiographic bone levels and soft tissue conditions were favorable in both groups with minor differences. There was no significant difference in overall patient satisfaction. The modified USPHS‐score revealed an 87.5% overall success in the Implant‐group and 91.7% in the Tooth‐group.ConclusionsImplant‐supported three‐unit FDPs are a reliable treatment option with survival and success rates not significantly different from the results of tooth‐supported three‐unit FDPs.
Will Vanadium‐Based Electrode Materials Become the Future Choice for Metal‐Ion Batteries?
Authors: Zhao Dong , Wang Chunlei , Ding Yan , Ding Mingyue , Cao Yuliang , Chen Zhongxue 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMetal‐ion batteries have emerged as promising candidates for energy storage system due to their unlimited resources and competitive price/performance ratio. Vanadium‐based compounds have diverse oxidation states rendering various open‐frameworks for ions storage. To date, some vanadium‐based polyanionic compounds have shown great potential as high‐performance electrode materials. However, there has been a growing concern regarding the cost and environmental risk of vanadium. In this Review, all links in the industry chain of vanadium‐based electrodes were comprehensively summarized, starting with an analysis of the resources, applications, and price fluctuation of vanadium. The manufacturing processes of the vanadium extraction and recovery technologies were discussed. Moreover, the commercial potentials of some typical electrode materials were critically appraised. Finally, the environmental impact and sustainability of the industry chain were evaluated. This critical Review will provide a clear vision of the prospects and challenges of developing vanadium‐based electrode materials.
Enhancing the security of routing in vehicular ad hoc networks
Authors: Ganesh A. , Ayyasamy S. , Saravanaa Kumar N.M. 
Published: April 2022

SummaryVehicular ad‐hoc networks (VANETs) depends on organizing the vehicles as versatile hubs in order to obtain a correspondence arrangement. The arrangement of vehicular specially appointed systems does not just encourage novel telematics applications. The selection of dynamic well‐being application raises new dangers to street well‐being if security issues are not appropriately taken care of. An extraordinary dynamic security application is observed as an empowerment to anticipate the passing trade in threat alerts which depends on singular perceptions. VANET is considered by many specialist co‐ops in urban situations. Where the communicate tempest will corrupt the guiding performance. The issue is addressed and examined by various protocols such as AODV, DSR, DYMO, TORA, and TIHOO. The proposed AESP‐VANET (Advanced and enhanced security protocol for VANET) is an upgraded security version which is developed using improved fluffy and cukoo search algorithm. The steady state between the source and destination hub is considered to deal the location issues in the network. The disclosure of the courses is restricted by AESP‐VANET using fuzzy framework and it constrains the messages which requires the course request. The improved cuckoo calculation in hybrid methodology, which is one of the best meta calculations particularly in the huge inquiry space, brilliantly chooses the most steady and ideal course among realized courses by computing an upgraded wellness work. AESP‐VANET gives out the result using Network Simulator 2. This shows a tremendous improvement in the throughput, overhead, and many more parameters.
Evaluation of DNA/RNA quality from cell block of malignant mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Tatsumi Shigenobu , Takeuchi Mao , Fujii Tomomi , Sugimoto Aya , Sekita‐Hatakeyama Yoko , Nishikawa Takeshi , Uchiyama Tomoko , Morita Kohei , Itami Hiroe , Takeda Maiko , Yamazaki Masaharu , Ohbayashi Chiho 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMalignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare and highly lethal tumor that arises from mesothelial tissue on the surface of the chest and abdominal cavity. Cytological examination of body fluids, including pleural fluid and ascites, is essential for the differentiation of malignant mesothelioma from other carcinomas, such as lung and gastrointestinal carcinomas and metastatic tumors. To evaluate the effectiveness of cell block preparation procedures, which are used for immunocytochemical staining and genetic panel analysis of tumor‐specific gene mutations, we used various fixatives. We also evaluated the effects of immunostaining, and the quality of nucleic acids for genetic analysis.MethodsCell blocks were prepared using the malignant mesothelioma cell lines MESO4 and H226 and non‐small cell lung carcinoma cell line HCC78. The cells were fixed using 10% neutral buffered formalin and four different fixatives for liquid cytology. Fixed cells were formed into cell clusters using sodium alginate or centrifugation, and paraffin‐embedded cell blocks were prepared.ResultsCell blocks were morphologically evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin and immunocytological staining, and the nucleic acid quality was evaluated by DNA/RNA extraction, qPCR, and next‐generation sequence analysis. D2‐40 and WT1 staining differed depending on the fixation solution and the cell cluster formation method; however, the degree of nucleic acid degradation was not impaired by any method.ConclusionAlthough the morphological evaluation of cytology specimens is affected by the method of cell block preparation, it is still useful for nucleic acid extraction and gene panel analysis, as long as there are sufficient amounts of tumor cells.
Integrating presence‐only and occupancy data to model habitat use for the northernmost population of jaguars
Authors: Landau Vincent A. , Noon Barry R. , Theobald David M. , Hobbs N. Thompson , Nielsen Clayton K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSpecies distribution models (SDMs) have become an essential tool for the management and conservation of imperiled species. However, many at‐risk species are rare and characterized by limited data on their spatial distribution and habitat relationships. This has led to the development of SDMs that integrate multiple types and sources of data to leverage more information and provide improved predictions of habitat associations. We developed a novel integrated species distribution model to predict habitat suitability for jaguars (Panthera onca) in the border region between northern Mexico and the southwestern USA. Our model combined presence‐only and occupancy data to identify key environmental correlates, and we used model results to develop a probability of use map. We adopted a logistic regression modeling framework, which we found to be more straightforward and less computationally intensive to fit than Poisson point process‐based models. Model results suggested that high terrain ruggedness and the presence of riparian vegetation were most strongly related to habitat use by jaguars in our study region. Our best model, on average, predicted that there is currently 25,463 km2 of usable habitat in our study region. The United States portion of the study region, which makes up 38.6% of the total area, contained 40.6% of the total usable habitat. Even though there have been few detections of jaguars in the southwestern USA in recent decades, our results suggest that protection of currently suitable habitats, along with increased conservation efforts, could significantly contribute to the recovery of jaguars in the USA.
Contrasting resistance and resilience to light variation of the coupled oxic and anoxic components of an experimental microbial ecosystem
Authors: Suleiman Marcel , Pennekamp Frank , Choffat Yves , Petchey Owen L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUnderstanding how microbial communities of aquatic ecosystems respond to environmental change remains a critical challenge in microbial ecology. In this study, we used light‐dependent oxic–anoxic micro‐ecosystems to understand how the functioning and diversity of aerobic and anaerobic lake analog communities are affected by a pulse light deprivation. Continuous measurements of oxygen concentration were made and a time series of full‐length 16S rRNA sequencing was used to quantify changes in alpha‐ and beta diversity. In the upper oxic layer, oxygen concentration decreased significantly under light reduction, but showed resilience in daily mean, minimum, and maximum after light conditions were restored to control level. Only the amplitude of diurnal fluctuations in oxygen concentrations did not recover fully, and instead tended to remain lower in treated ecosystems. Alpha diversity of the upper oxic layer communities showed a delayed increase after light conditions were restored, and was not resilient in the longer term. In contrast, alpha diversity of the anoxic lower layer communities increased during the light reduction, but was resilient in the longer term. Community composition changed significantly during light reduction, and showed resilience in the oxic layer and lack of resilience in the anoxic layer. Alpha diversity and the amplitude of daily oxygen fluctuations within and among treatments were strongly correlated, suggesting that higher diversity could lead to less variable oxygen concentrations, or vice versa. Our experiment showed that light deprivation induces multifaceted responses of community function (oxygen respiration) and structure, hence focusing on a single stability component could potentially be misleading.
Silylium‐Catalyzed Alkynylation and Etherification Reactions of Benzylic Acetates
Authors: Rubial Belén , Ballesteros Alfredo , González José M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAddition of catalytic amounts of bistriflimide triggers useful coupling reactions of benzyl acetates with trimethyl(alkynyl)silanes and trimethyl(alkoxy)silanes to afford propargyl arenes and benzyl alkyl ethers, respectively. The added acid assists the release of reactive trimethylsilylium ion into the reaction media, which were found to act as the ultimate catalytic species responsible for the C−C and the C−O forming steps. The cationic nature of these coupling processes is documented.
Synthetic shelf sediment maps for the Greenland Sea and Barents Sea
Authors: Laverick Jack H. , Speirs Douglas C. , Heath Michael R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSeabed sediment maps underpin a variety of marine research endeavours. Seabed mapping data are available for many regions, but these usually provide discrete classifications which obscure underlying continuous properties of the sediments. Other areas are poorly surveyed, e.g., polar regions which are inaccessible due to ice cover. Here, we focus on the inaccessible North East Greenland shelf for which there are almost no seabed sediment data. We trained a random forest model to predict sediment classes from an existing map of the well‐surveyed neighbouring Barents Sea, using data on bathymetry, currents and waves. We then used our model to predict the unknown sediment distributions off East Greenland. In the process, we generated some new spatial data on previously un‐mapped properties of the Barents Sea, such as mean grain size, organic carbon and nitrogen content, porosity and permeability. The maps of both regions are available to support future research activities in the Arctic, e.g., the parameterization of benthic biogeochemistry in ecosystem models, or mapping species distributions.