bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Block Copolymer‐Derived Porous Carbon Fibers Enable High MnO2 Loading and Fast Charging in Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Battery
Authors: Guo Dong , Zhao Wenqi , Pan Fuping , Liu Guoliang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRechargeable aqueous Zn−MnO2 batteries are promising for stationary energy storage because of their high energy density, safety, environmental benignity, and low cost. Conventional gravel MnO2 cathodes have low electrical conductivity, slow ion (de‐)insertion, and poor cycle stability, resulting in poor recharging performance and severe capacity fading. To improve the rechargeability of MnO2, strategies have been devised such as depositing micrometer‐thick MnO2 on carbon cloth and blending nanostructured MnO2 with additives and binders. The low electrical conductivity of binders and sluggish ion (de‐)insertion in micrometer‐thick MnO2, however, still limit the fast‐charging performance. Herein, we have prepared porous carbon fiber (PCF) supported MnO2 cathodes (PCF@MnO2), comprised of nanometer‐thick MnO2 uniformly deposited on electrospun block copolymer‐derived PCF that have abundant uniform mesopores. The high electrical conductivity of PCF, fast electrochemical reactions in nanometer‐thick MnO2, and fast ion transport through porous nonwoven fibers contribute to a high rate capability at high loadings. PCF@MnO2, at a MnO2 loading of 59.1 wt %, achieves a MnO2‐based specific capacity of 326 and 184 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.1 and 1.0 A g−1, respectively. Our approach of block copolymer‐based PCF as a support for zinc‐ion cathode inspires future designs of fast‐charging electrodes with other active materials.
The role of the teacher's culture in classroom management: A case study of primary schools in French Polynesia
Authors: Alletru Amélie , Vinatier Isabelle 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPolynesian Languages and Culture (PLC) lessons in primary schools focus on, among other things, passing on Tahitian legends and linguistic content that is specific to the Polynesian languages (Reo mā'ohi). A co‐analysis of the PLC teachers' culture of origin conducted with the teachers to identify the dimensions of their actual activity revealed a strong connivance between the teaching object and the teacher/pupils relationship (notably through gestures, postures and proxemics). This relationship was representative of the 'rapports de place' (relationships of place) found in particular in the non‐school sphere. Respect for the roles and statuses of 'elders' and 'magisters', the importance of a commitment to learning, the valorisation of speaking up and the benevolence of encouraging pupils to persevere in their learning were all fundamental values of belonging in the Tahitian community. Beyond the Polynesian context, this research contributes to a conceptual enlargement of the theoretical field of 'didactique professionnelle' because it demonstrates that taking into account the influence of the context and its inherent values better identifies the resources that teachers implicitly draw on and that they refer or do not refer to in an interactive situation with learners.
TMT‐based proteomics analysis to screen potential biomarkers of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix for osteoporosis in rats
Authors: Yang Liu , Hou Ajiao , Zhang Xiaojuan , Zhang Jiaxu , Wang Song , Dong Jiaojiao , Zhang Shihao , Jiang Hai , Kuang Haixue 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the possible mechanism of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix for the treatment of osteoporosis using tandem mass tag‐based proteomics technique combined with mass spectrometry. Proteomics techniques combined with bioinformatics were used to analyze the biological functions of differentially expressed proteins. In addition, western blotting was performed to verify the expression of related proteins. A total of 3,752 proteins were identifiable by proteomic analysis. Furthermore, 93 differentially expressed proteins were identified, of which 61 were upregulated and 32 were downregulated. Differentially expressed proteins were primarily associated with oxidative phosphorylation (p = 4.8 × 10−4) pathways and involved in transmembrane transport (p = 3.5 × 10−3), exocytic process (p = 1.2 × 10−2), cellular developmental process (p = 1.3 × 10−2), adenosine triphosphate metabolic process (p = 1.0 × 10−2) and other biological processes. Western blotting analysis showed that MT‐CYB and NDUFA9 were differentially expressed in the bone microenvironment of rats with osteoporosis. We speculated that they were potential biomarkers linked to osteoporosis. This study employed proteomics to explore the potential therapeutic targets of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix to treat osteoporosis. This revealed that mitochondria are a new target for the treatment of glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis.
Stability evaluation of morphine, hydromorphone, metamizole and esketamine containing analgesic mixtures applied for patient‐controlled analgesia in hospice and palliative care
Authors: Harder Matthias , Fiegl‐Lechner Anna , Oberacher Herbert , Horvath Ulrike E. I. , Schlager Andreas , Jeske Martina , Kerndler Sylvia , Schüllner Falko , Bonn Günther K. , Rainer Matthias 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this study, different injection solutions containing opioid and nonopioid compounds used for patient‐controlled analgesia in hospice and palliative care were evaluated in terms of analyte stability. Investigated injection solutions contained different combinations of morphine, hydromorphone, metamizole and esketamine. For the practical implementation, samples from infusion pumps were daily drawn over a period of 7 days at 22 and 37°C. Quantitative measurements were performed on a high‐performance liquid chromatography system with ultraviolet detection applying a validated analytical method. All compounds apart from morphine showed no evident changes in concentration. However, a significant loss of morphine was observed for injection mixtures containing both morphine and metamizole at 37°C. After 7 days, only 72% of the initially measured morphine concentration was measured in the binary and 77% in the ternary mixture. Furthermore, an additional compound was detected that could represent the morphine‐metamizole‐adduct, “metamorphine”. Based on these results, a significantly reduced morphine concentration must be expected after only 3 days if an injection solution mixture containing both morphine and metamizole is administered to a patient at 37°C. Since the analgesic effects of morphine–metamizole adducts have not yet been thoroughly investigated, further clinical studies are necessary before accurate conclusions can be drawn in this regard.
Sex differences in high‐risk but indicated coronary interventions (CHiP): National report from British Cardiovascular Intervention Society Registry
Authors: Shamkhani Warkaa , Kinnaird Tim , Ludman Peter , Rashid Muhammad , Mamas Mamas A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess sex‐based differences in clinical outcomes following complex and high‐risk but indicated percutaneous coronary intervention (CHiP).BackgroundCHiP is increasingly common in contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) practice. Data on sex differences in the type of CHiP procedures undertaken or their associated clinical outcomes are limited.MethodsPatients with stable coronary artery disease who underwent CHiP between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2017, were included. All procedures were stratified by sex. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the sex‐specific adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of in‐hospital outcomes.ResultsOut of 424,290 PCI procedures, 141,610 (33.37%) were CHiP procedures. Overall, 32,129 (23%) of CHiP were undertaken in females. Females were older than males (median: 74.8 vs. 69.1 years). Males had a higher prevalence of previous myocardial infarction (MI) (44.6% vs. 35.6%) and previous PCI (40% vs. 32.5%). The most common variable observed in female patients undergoing CHiP was age >80 (35.4%), followed by prior coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) (24.3%) and severe coronary calcification (22.6%). In contrast, the most common variable in male patients was prior CABG (36%), followed by chronic thrombus occlusion (CTO) PCI (34.4%) and severe coronary calcification (22%). Females had higher odds (aOR) for mortality (aOR: 1.78, 95% CI: [1.4, 2.2]), bleeding (aOR: 1.99, 95% CI: [1.72, 3.2]), and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (aOR: 1.23, 95% CI: [1.09, 1.38]) compared to males.ConclusionIn this national analysis of CHiP procedures over 12 years, there were significant sex differences in the type of CHiP procedures undertaken, with females at increased odds for mortality and in‐hospital adverse outcomes.
5‐Year outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: Focus on paravalvular leakage assessed by echocardiography and hemodynamic parameters
Authors: Schoechlin Simon , Hein Manuel , Brennemann Tim , Eichenlaub Martin , Schulz Undine , Jander Nikolaus , Neumann Franz‐Josef 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to assess the impact of echocardiographic and hemodynamic grading of paravalvular leakage (PVL) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) on the prediction of 5‐year mortality. PVL after TAVI is known to influence outcome after TAVI. Yet, present available data of long‐term outcomes and especially the comparison of different modalities for measurement of PVL is little.MethodsWe performed a retrospective single‐center cohort study and compared the prognostic value of echocardiographic PVL grading as well as the aortic regurgitation index (ARI) pre‐ and post‐TAVI. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional regression analysis generated hazard ratios for mortality.ResultsA total of 464 patients underwent TAVI at our center between August 2012 and Decemebr 2014, with self‐expandable CoreValve (11%) or balloon‐expandable Sapien XT (47.4%) and Sapien 3 (41.6) valves. Overall 5‐year mortality was 52.4% (243/464). Echocardiographic classes of PVL at discharge showed a significant (p = 0.002) association with 5‐year mortality, mild PVL remained as an independent predictor for 5‐year mortality in multivariable analysis (hazard ratio: 1.642 [95% confidence interval: 1.235–2.182]; p = 0.001). Grades of PVL as assessed during the procedure by ARI (below the previously defined cut‐off of 25) did not show a significant association with 5‐year mortality (p = 0.417 and p = 0.995, respectively).ConclusionsEven mild PVL assessed by echocardiography was an independent predictor for 5‐year survival, whereas hemodynamic measurements did not help to identify PVLs that are relevant to 5‐year survival.
Multifunctional Catalytic Properties of Pd/CNT Catalysts for 4‐Nitrophenol Reduction
Authors: Audevard Jeremy , Benyounes Anas , Castro Contreras Ruben , Abou Oualid Hicham , Kacimi Mohamed , Serp Philippe 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCarbon nanotubes are arousing real interest in catalysis, either as catalyst support or as catalyst itself. In this work, the influence of CNT doping (O, N, S) on the catalytic performance of CNT and Pd/CNT catalysts have been investigated in the reduction of 4‐nitrophenol both under H2or using NaBH4as a hydride source. The morphology, composition, particle size and crystallinity of the materials were investigated by various techniques including HRTEM, STEM, XPS, Raman spectroscopy and XRD. Among the CNT carbocatalysts, only N‐CNT is active for 4‐nitrophenol reduction at room temperature, and only in the presence of NaBH4. As far as supported Pd catalysts are concerned, the nature of the support influences the Pd nanoparticle location (confinement), the Pd nanoparticles/Pd single atoms ratio and the extent of H‐spillover, three catalyst features that directly affect the catalytic activity. The best combination of Pd nanoparticles/Pd single atoms ratio, H‐spillover and confinement for 4‐nitrophenol reduction using NaBH4, is found in Pd/O‐CNT catalysts, while for reactions performed under H2, Pd/N‐CNT presents the best combination.
Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 Inhibitory Profile of New Quinoline Compounds in Cell Culture‐Based Infection Models
Authors: Herrmann Lars , Hahn Friedrich , Wangen Christina , Marschall Manfred , Tsogoeva Svetlana B. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Manfred Marschall, Svetlana B. Tsogoeva and co‐workers at Friedrich‐Alexander University of Erlangen–Nürnberg. The image depicts a new anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 compound in front of SARS‐CoV‐2 viruses. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202103861.
6,5‐Fused Ring, C2‐Salvinorin Ester, Dual Kappa and Mu Opioid Receptor Agonists as Analgesics Devoid of Anxiogenic Effects**
Authors: Akins Nicholas S. , Mishra Nisha , Harris Hannah M. , Dudhipala Narendar , Kim Seong Jong , Keasling Adam W. , Majumdar Soumyajit , Zjawiony Jordan K. , Paris Jason J. , Ashpole Nicole M. , Le Hoang V. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCurrent common analgesics are mediated through the mu or kappa opioid receptor agonism. Unfortunately, selective mu or kappa receptor agonists often cause harmful side effects. However, ligands exhibiting dual agonism to the opioid receptors, such as to mu and kappa, or to mu and delta, have been suggested to temper undesirable adverse effects while retaining analgesic activity. Herein we report an introduction of various 6,5‐fused rings to C2 of the salvinorin scaffold via an ester linker. In vitro studies showed that many of these compounds have dual agonism on kappa and mu opioid receptors. In vivo studies on the lead dual kappa and mu opioid receptor agonist demonstrated supraspinal thermal analgesic activity while avoiding anxiogenic effects in male mice, thus providing further strong evidence in support of the therapeutic advantages of dual opioid receptor agonists over selective opioid receptor agonists.
Reverse Intersystem Crossing of Single Deuterated Perylene Molecules in a Dibenzothiophene Matrix
Authors: Smit Robert , Ristanović Zoran , Kozankiewicz Bolesław , Orrit Michel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by Prof. Michel Orrit's group at the University of Leiden, The Netherlands. The image shows the structures of the dibenzothiophene host molecule and perylene guest molecule with its fluorescence emission spectrum on the bottom. The symbols and arrows refer to the reverse intersystem crossing (rISC) observed for single perylene molecules in dibenzothiophene host crystals, which typically have a needle shape and are shown in the background. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cphc.202100679.
Application of AAV1 for Anterograde Transsynaptic Circuit Mapping and Input‐Dependent Neuronal Cataloging
Authors: Zingg Brian , Dong Hong‐Wei , Tao Huizhong Whit , Zhang Li I. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractViruses that spread transsynaptically provide a powerful means to study interconnected circuits in the brain. Here we describe the use of adeno‐associated virus, serotype 1 (AAV1), as a tool to achieve robust, anterograde transsynaptic spread in a variety of unidirectional pathways. A protocol for performing intracranial AAV1 injections in mice is presented, along with additional guidance for planning experiments, sourcing materials, and optimizing the approach to achieve the most successful outcomes. By following the methods presented here, researchers will be able to reveal postsynaptically connected neurons downstream of a given AAV1 injection site and access these input‐defined cells for subsequent mapping, recording, and manipulation to characterize their anatomical and functional properties. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Stereotaxic injection of AAV1 for anterograde transsynaptic spread
Utilizing a Baculovirus/Insect Cell Expression System and Expressed Protein Ligation (EPL) for Protein Semisynthesis
Authors: Butts Marie , Chu Nam 
Published: January 2022

AbstractProtein semisynthesis has been used for the chemoselective linking of synthetic peptides and recombinant protein fragments to generate complete native proteins in good yield. The ability to site‐selectively incorporate multiple post‐translational chemical modifications (PTMs) into proteins via this approach shows great potential for enhancing understanding of the molecular basis of protein function and regulation. Protein semisynthesis, however, often requires high expression efficiency of the recombinant protein fragments (i.e., high expression yield and ability to preserve protein biological functions), which can be hard to achieve for some human enzymes when using bacterial expression systems. Here, we describe how to use a baculovirus/insect cell expression system and a protein semisynthesis strategy known as expressed protein ligation (EPL) to produce workable levels of proteins of interest containing site‐specific chemical modifications. The protocol provides detailed guidance for generating protein C‐terminal thioesters for use with the EPL reaction, performing the EPL reaction, and purifying the protein ligation product. We exemplify the protocols by generating protein kinase Akt1 with site‐specific phosphorylations installed into its C‐terminal tail, for kinetic kinase assays. We hope these methods will help increase the use of protein semisynthesis for elucidating the post‐translational regulation of human enzymes involved in cell signaling. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLCBasic Protocol 1: Generation of the N‐terminal protein of interest (POI) fragment containing a C‐terminal thioester moietyBasic Protocol 2: Expressed protein ligation (EPL) of the protein thioester with a synthetic peptide and purification of the protein ligation productBasic Protocol 3: Semisynthesis and biochemical analysis of site‐specifically phosphorylated Akt1
Adverse childhood experiences predict neurite density differences in young children with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Hare Megan M. , Dick Anthony Steven , Graziano Paulo A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) put millions of children at risk for later health problems. As childhood represents a critical developmental period, it is important to understand how ACEs impact brain development in young children. In addition, children with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more likely than typically developing (TD) peers to experience ACEs. Therefore, the current study examined the impact of ACEs on early brain development, using a cumulative risk approach, in a large sample of children with and without ADHD. We examined 198 young children (Mage = 5.45, 82.3% Hispanic/Latino; 52.5% ADHD) across measures of brain volume, cortical thickness, neurite density index (NDI), and orientation dispersion index (ODI). For the NDI measure, there was a significant interaction between group and cumulative risk (ß = .18, p = .048), such that for children with ADHD, but not TD children, greater cumulate risk was associated with increased NDI in corpus callosum. No other interactions were detected. Additionally, when examining across groups, greater cumulative risk was associated with reduced ODI and volume in the cerebellum, although these findings did not survive a correction for multiple comparisons. Our results highlight the role early cumulative ACEs play in brain development across TD and children with ADHD.
Prenatal exposure to maternal psychological distress and telomere length in childhood
Authors: Stout‐Oswald Stephanie A. , Glynn Laura M. , Bisoffi Marco , Demers Catherine H. , Davis Elysia Poggi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTelomere length (TL) is a biological marker of cellular aging, and shorter TL in adulthood is associated with increased morbidity and mortality risk. It is likely that these differences in TL are established long before adulthood, and there is growing evidence that TL can reflect prenatal experiences. Although maternal prenatal distress predicts newborn TL, it is unknown whether the relation between prenatal exposure to maternal distress and child TL persists through childhood. The purpose of the current longitudinal, prospective study is to examine the relation between prenatal exposure to maternal distress (perceived stress, depressive symptoms, pregnancy‐related anxiety) and TL in childhood. Participants included 102 children (54 girls) and their mothers. Mothers’ distress was assessed five times during pregnancy, at 12 weeks postpartum, and at the time of child telomere measurement between 6 and 16 years of age. Maternal distress during pregnancy predicted shorter offspring TL in childhood, even after accounting for postnatal exposure to maternal distress and other covariates. These findings indicate that maternal mental health predicts offspring TL biology later in childhood than previously observed. This study bolsters claims that telomere biology is subject to fetal programming and highlights the importance of supporting maternal mental health during pregnancy.
Detection of bazedoxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, in human urine by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Okano Masato , Sato Mitsuhiko , Kageyama Shinji 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBazedoxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, has been explicitly included in the prohibited list issued by the World Anti‐Doping Agency (WADA) since January 2020. A high‐resolution liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric detection method was developed to identify bazedoxifene and its metabolites in human urine and to quantify bazedoxifene (free plus glucuronide) for doping control purposes. Bazedoxifene acetate (20 mg) was orally administered to seven male volunteers, and the urine samples collected were analyzed using the developed method. The linearity ranged from 0.5 to 200 ng/ml, and the limit of detection was <0.2 ng/ml. The interday precision (2.2% to 3.6%) and the interday accuracy (−10.0% to 1.9%) were adequate. Bazedoxifene, bazedoxifene–N‐oxide, and bazedoxifene glucoconjugates were identified in the urine samples. The profiles of the urinary excretion indicated the presence of small amounts of free bazedoxifene and bazedoxifene–N‐oxide, whereas bazedoxifene glucuronide was the predominant metabolite. The cumulative excretion amount of bazedoxifene (free form plus glucuronide conjugate) within 78 h after the administration was 0.7% to 1.3% of the total dose. In all subjects, bazedoxifene (free plus glucuronide) could be detected in urine up to 78 h after administration.