bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term survival of patients with unoperated single ventricle heart defect: Four case reports and literature review
Authors: Zhao Shengnan , Guo Jiantao , Sun Zhixia , Cui Tingting 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA single ventricle (SV) heart defect is a rare complex congenital cardiac malformation, accounting for approximately 1%–2% of congenital heart diseases. Surgical intervention is the mainstay treatment for SV patients, although patients who do not receive surgical intervention may also survive. We followed up four adult patients who had SV since birth without surgical intervention and they had a good prognosis. The common characteristics of four long‐term SV survivors were investigated by reviewing their medical records and the literature, and the current treatment methods for SV patients were also reviewed. The clinical presentation and long‐term prognosis of SV patients without surgical intervention depend on the presence or absence of pulmonary blood flow obstruction, pulmonary vascular resistance, ventricular shape and function, aortic blood flow obstruction, and the atrioventricular valve shape and function. While the Fontan operation has become a common and effective method for SV treatment, long‐term outcomes are fraught with morbidity and mortality. In our opinion, such patients with balanced hemodynamic condition could be followed and treated conservatively. Major cardiac surgery which leads to gross hemodynamic adjustments should be avoided. However, additional prospective study will be necessary to verify this assertion. This report aims to improve the prognosis as well as quality of life of SV patients.
Tumour‐derived extracellular vesicle membrane hybrid lipid nanovesicles enhance siRNA delivery by tumour‐homing and intracellular freeway transportation
Authors: Zhou Xin , Miao Yunqiu , Wang Ying , He Shufang , Guo Linmiao , Mao Junsong , Chen Mingshu , Yang Yuting , Zhang Xinxin , Gan Yong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) have been proved a promising small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery vehicle to mediate gene‐silencing. Tumour‐derived extracellular vesicles (TDEVs) as genetic exchange vectors in the tumour microenvironment, enable intercellular communication for a wide range of endogenous cargo molecules, such as RNAs and proteins. However, the oncogenic cargo of TDEVs limits their application in siRNA delivery for cancer therapy. Herein, we isolated TDEVs from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and derived TDEV membranes by abandoning their content. Innovative TDEV membrane hybrid lipid nanovesicles (LEVs) were then fabricated by fusion of TDEV membranes and phospholipids to realize precise delivery to tumours and highly efficient transfection of siRNA. The TDEV membranes endow LEVs with ‘homing’ targeting ability, facilitating specific internalisation into parent HCC cells primarily through heparan sulfate proteoglycan‐mediated pathways. Unlike conventional lipid‐based nanovesicles, LEVs can bypass the endosomal degradation pathway, boost the delivery of siRNA through the Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) intracellular ‘freeway’ transportation, achieving a 1.7‐fold improvement in siRNA transfection efficiency compared with liposomes. Additionally, siRNA loaded LEVs were demonstrated to enhance the antitumour efficacy in HCC bearing mice through effective gene silencing in the tumour sites. Our results highlight the potential application of the TDEV membrane‐derived nanovesicles as an advanced siRNA delivery strategy for cancer therapy.
The money priming debate revisited: A review, meta‐analysis, and extension to organizations
Authors: Stajkovic Alexander D. , Greenwald Jessica M. , Stajkovic Kayla S. 
Published: March 2022

SummaryThe effects of primed money have received widespread attention in social psychology but not in the organizational literature. This research examines whether priming money causes people to think and behave in ways consistent with how they would act if they received real money. Money priming research has not made many inferences to organizations, but the potential implications of the findings for the workplace are thought‐provoking. However, because some money priming studies failed to replicate and many findings are mixed, we review this literature and meta‐analyze the effects of primed money on two organization‐related outcomes. Meta‐analytic results (12 259 participants, 90 effects adjusted for dependence, and 34 studies) showed that primed money increased performance (d = .38), but it also boosted selfishness (d = .33). These effects were moderated by perceptual or behavioral outcome measures, where primed money increased behavioral selfishness (d = .72) over twice as much as it did behavioral performance (d = .33). These meta‐analytic results clarify extant literature, provide a new platform for future money priming research in organizations, and offer new alternatives for managers looking for viable options to improve employee functioning.
Meta‐analysis of the efficacy of taurolidine in reducing catheter‐related bloodstream infections for patients receiving parenteral nutrition
Authors: Vernon‐Roberts Angharad , Lopez Robert N. , Frampton Christopher M. , Day Andrew S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundParenteral nutrition administered via central venous catheter is an established treatment option for people with intestinal failure. A serious complication of central venous catheters is the high risk of catheter‐related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs). Catheter‐locking solutions are one strategy for CRBSI prevention, with the solution taurolidine showing beneficial effects. The aim of this meta‐analysis was to identify and synthesize evidence to assess taurolidine efficacy against comparators for the prevention of CRBSI for people with intestinal failure receiving parenteral nutrition.MethodsSix health literature databases were searched for efficacy data of rate of CRBSI for taurolidine vs control among our study population; no study design limits were applied. Individual study data were presented for the number of CRBSIs and catheter days, and rate ratio. Overall data were synthesized as a pooled risk ratio, with subgroup analyses by study design, control type, and taurolidine solution.ResultsThirty‐four studies were included in the final analysis. At the individual level, all studies showed superior efficacy of taurolidine vs control for prevention of CRBSIs. When the data were synthesized, the pooled risk ratio was 0.49 (95% CI, 0.46–0.53; P ≤ 0.0001), indicating a 51% decreased risk of CRBSI through the use of taurolidine. Subgroup analysis showed no difference depending on study design (P = 0.23) or control type (P = 0.37) and a significant difference for taurolidine type (P = 0.0005).ConclusionTaurolidine showed superior efficacy over controls regardless of study design or comparator group. The results show that taurolidine provides effective CRBSI reduction for people with intestinal failure receiving parenteral nutrition.
Visceral angiosarcoma: A nationwide analysis of treatment factors and outcomes
Authors: Hendrick Leah E. , Zambetti Benjamin R. , Wong Denise L. , Dickson Paxton V. , Glazer Evan S. , Shibata David , Fleming Martin D. , Tsao Miriam , Portnoy David C. , Deneve Jeremiah L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesVisceral angiosarcoma is rare and aggressive, accounting for 2% of soft tissue sarcomas. Using a national data set, we examine determinants of outcomes for patients presenting with this rare disease.MethodsThe 2004–2015 National Cancer Database was queried for patients with visceral angiosarcoma. Trends in treatment and outcomes were examined. Factors affecting overall survival (OS) were assessed with log‐rank and Cox regression.ResultsEight hundred and ninety‐three patients with visceral angiosarcoma were identified (median age 65 years, male [63%], Charlson comorbidity index <1 [86%]). Tumor size was <5 cm in 20.7%, and 34.2% were moderate/high grade. Median OS was 3.8 months (95% CI: 3.4–4.4). By multivariate analysis, increased tumor grade and size, and liver/biliary origin demonstrated worse OS while surgery, radiation, and systemic chemotherapy demonstrated improved OS (all p < 0.001). Survival was similar between patients achieving R0 resection and those with R1/2 resection receiving chemotherapy by Kaplan–Meier analysis.ConclusionsVisceral angiosarcomas are rare tumors with poor outcomes. Liver/biliary origin, higher tumor grade, and larger tumor size demonstrate worse outcomes. While R0 resection remains the mainstay of treatment, patients with R1/R2 resection have improved survival with addition of chemotherapy. Consideration should be made for multimodal therapy in these patients.
Place Attachment and Travel Among Western Professional Expatriates
Authors: Li Zhuo , McKercher Bob , Ren Lianping 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the role that different degrees of place attachment play in the pleasure travel patterns of Western professional expatriates, via a qualitative study with in‐depth interviews as the main data collection approach. Four discrete groups of migrants were identified. “Push” factors that influenced home return travel varied across the groups, influencing the frequency of such activity. Likewise, the push and pull factors for travel within the Asia–Pacific region varied significantly across the groups, again influencing destination choice. The paper added new nuances to the existing knowledge on how place attachment influences travel behavior.
Verifying the outcomes of artesunate plus 595‐nm PDL in hypertrophic scars via determining BMP‐7 and Fas level in model rabbits
Authors: Zhang Jinxia , Luo Wanting , Han Minna , Wu Lili , Peng Zhuoying , Xia Zhikuan , Yang Rongya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesSingle‐use of artesunate (ART) or 595‐nm pulsed‐dye laser (PDL) has proven clinical efficacy in the treatment of hypertrophic scars (HSs), yet little research has been done on the combined use of ART and PDL. Bone morphogenetic protein‐7 (BMP‐7) and Fas are recognized to be two important proteins in reducing scar formation. This study was designed to observe the effect of ART combined with 595‐nm PDL in the treatment of HS in rabbit models, and investigate the effect of such protocol on the expression of BMP‐7 and Fas in rabbit models.Study Design/Materials and MethodsTwenty‐four New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the control group, ART group, PDL group, and combined treatment (ART + PDL) group. ART was respectively applied to the ART group and combined treatment group. Treatment was once every 2‐week for a total of three sessions for both groups. Animals in the PDL group were simply treated with 595‐nm PDL. Then, hematoxylin & eosin and Van Gieson straining, immunohistochemical study, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Cell counting kit‐8 test, western blot assay, and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) were carried out to observe the development of HS samples and expression of BMP‐7 and Fas proteins in the sample tissues.ResultsAfter treatment, the scar samples grew lower and flatter, which was particularly evident in the combined treatment group, with notably inhibited fibroblast and collagen compared to other groups (p < 0.001). Western blot assay and RT‐PCR demonstrated that the expression of BMP‐7 was most increased in scar samples treated by ART + PDL. BMP‐7 level was correspondingly and notably upregulated in treatment groups, especially in the ART + PDL group. In addition, relevant expression of Fas was also higher after treatment, especially in the ART + PDL group compared to either ART or 595‐nm PDL group. The difference was significant among groups (p < 0.001).ConclusionsCombined use of ART and 595‐nm PDL can inhibit HSs in rabbit models via inhibiting extra fibroblast and collagens. The potential mechanism may be involved in enhanced BMP‐7 and Fas expression. Our observations may create an alternative therapeutic strategy for HSs in the clinic.
Genetically modified cancer vaccines: Current status and future prospects
Authors: Hu Xiaoyi , Zhou Weilin , Pi Ruyu , Zhao Xia , Wang Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVaccines can stimulate the immune system to protect individuals from infectious diseases. Moreover, vaccines have also been applied to the prevention and treatment of cancers. Due to advances in genetic engineering technology, cancer vaccines could be genetically modified to increase antitumor efficacy. Various genes could be inserted into cells to boost the immune response, such as cytokines, T cell costimulatory molecules, tumor‐associated antigens, and tumor‐specific antigens. Genetically modified cancer vaccines utilize innate and adaptive immune responses to induce durable antineoplastic capacity and prevent the recurrence. This review will discuss the major approaches used to develop genetically modified cancer vaccines and explore recent advances to increase the understanding of engineered cancer vaccines.
Efficacy of clozapine for long‐stay patients with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia: 4‐year observational study
Authors: Mizuno Kentaro , Mizuno Emiko , Suekane Akira , Shiratsuchi Toshiaki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimSupporting patients upon discharge following prolonged hospitalization in private psychiatric hospitals in Japan have long been an issue. This study evaluated the efficacy of clozapine in treating long‐stay patients with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia to reduce the frequency and duration of readmissions postdischarge.MethodsWe retrospectively examined the length and frequency of hospitalizations of long‐stay and non‐long‐stay patients with schizophrenia who were introduced to clozapine at our hospital.ResultsComparing participants’ medical records 2 years before and after the introduction of clozapine, we identified a significant decrease in both length and frequency of hospitalizations in all patients who were introduced to clozapine. In long‐stay patients, the length and frequency of hospitalization were significantly reduced. However, compared to non‐long‐stay patients, the period from introduction of clozapine to discharge was longer and the dose of clozapine was higher. Thus, it is necessary to take time to evaluate the therapeutic effects for long‐stay patients.ConclusionThe results showed that clozapine is helpful for patients with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia, who are considered difficult to treat and discharge in Japan.
Extent of hypertension and renal injury in children surviving acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Kumar Reeti , Mahan John D. , Stanek Joseph R. , Reed Suzanne 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundChildhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) fortunately has high survival rates, and understanding longer term implications of therapy is critical. In this study, we aimed to investigate kidney health outcomes by assessing the prevalence of renal dysfunction and hypertension (HTN) in children with ALL at 1–5 years after ALL diagnosis.MethodsThis was a single‐center, cross‐sectional study of children with ALL who were 1–5 years post diagnosis. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurements were calculated, and urine samples were collected to assess for protein/creatinine and albumin/creatinine. Blood pressure (BP) was determined by standard oscillometric technique, and children ≥6 years of age were eligible for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM).ResultsForty‐five patients enrolled in the study, and 21 completed ABPMs. Fifteen patients (33%, 95% CI: 20%–49%) developed acute kidney injury (AKI) at least once. Thirteen (29%, 95% CI: 16%–44%) had hyperfiltration, and 11 (24%) had abnormal proteinuria and/or albuminuria. Prevalence of HTN based on clinic measurements was 42%. In the 21 ABPM patients, 14 had abnormal results (67%, 95% CI: 43%–85%), with the majority (11/21) demonstrating abnormal nocturnal dipping pattern.ConclusionsAmong children with ALL, there is a high prevalence of past AKI. The presence of hyperfiltration, proteinuria, and/or albuminuria at 1–5 years after ALL diagnosis suggests real risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) over time. There is a high prevalence of HTN on casual BP readings and even higher prevalence of abnormal ABPM in this group. The high prevalence of impaired nocturnal dipping by ABPM indicates an increased risk for future cardiovascular or cerebral ischemic events.
From metabolomic analysis to quality assessment and biosynthetic insight in traditional Chinese medicine: Mulberry tree as a case study
Authors: Tian Mengyin , Wang Yanan , Lu Anqi , Zhang Qianru , Li Xin , Zhang Ning , Zhang Jianjun , Wang Sujuan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionRamulus Mori (RM, Sangzhi) and Cortex Mori (CM, Sangbaipi) both come from the Chinese medicinal plant mulberry tree. CM is usually used to relieve cough, while RM is usually used to treat pain. There are no studies on the quality control of RM and CM based on their analgesic and anti‐inflammatory constituents associated with their traditional use. The chemical profiles of CM and RM were confusing. Some CM had similar profiles to RM, but some did not.ObjectiveWe aimed to reveal the chemical differences between RM and CM and to evaluate their quality.Materials and MethodsTheir chemical differences were studied using metabolomic analysis based on UHPLC‐ESI‐MS data. The contents of five quality marker candidates were determined by UHPLC‐PDA. The analgesic activities of morusin and kuwanon C were assessed by an acetic acid‐induced writhing test.ResultsCM was characterized by chemical diversity, whereas RM had good homogeneity. Four groups of CM were classified based on their chemicals. The chemical profiles of CM group 4 were more similar to that of RM. Eighteen putative features were identified based on an MS‐Finder search and fragmentation rules. Content limits for four quality markers with anti‐inflammatory or analgesic activities were proposed for RM. Furthermore, a possible biosynthetic relationship between kuwanon C, kuwanon G, and morusin was hypothesized based on the high Pearson coefficient between kuwanon G and morusin.ConclusionThe obtained results may be useful in the evaluation of RM and CM and afford insight into the biosynthetic pathway of Diels–Alder adducts in Morus.
Improving reinforcement of natural rubber latex by introducing poly‐zinc dimethacrylate and sulfur vulcanizing system
Authors: Chen Jing , Liao Lusheng , Zhang Fuquan , Gao Tiaoming , Gao Lijun , Ma Lin , Ma Xiaocong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this work, zinc dimethacrylate (ZDMA) was employed to reinforce natural rubber latex (NRL) and a new process was introduced. Polymethacrylic acid was prepared by emulsion polymerization of methacrylic acid (MAA), then mixed with ZnO in a different mole ratio (ZnO/MAA) and the mixture was noted as PZDMA. It was added to NRL and a traditional sulfur vulcanizing system was adopted simultaneously. The mechanical test results show that compared with the sample “NR,” the tensile and tear strength are significantly improved by the addition of PZDMA. When 7 phr ZnO (NR‐7A) are loaded, it can reach 25.1 MPa and 62.8 N/mm, which are higher than “NR” by 52.0% and 104.6%, respectively. While the strength of the NRL film reinforced only with PZDMA is quite limited. Detailed analysis by Fourier‐transforms infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffractometers, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric, and dynamic mechanical analysis revealed that PZDMA is successfully formed and dispersed uniformly in NRL, PZDMA acts as a nanoparticle and ionic cross‐linking agent, and the covalent cross‐linking network is formed by a sulfur vulcanizing agent. The dual cross‐linking network shows a synergistic effect on the reinforcement of NRL. The present work provides a process to reinforce NRL with adjustable mechanical properties.
Development of a flow‐sensitive macroinvertebrate index for Australian rivers
Authors: Chessman Bruce C. , Metzeling Leon , Robinson David P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHydrologically sensitive macroinvertebrate indices have been developed in Europe, the Americas and New Zealand to serve many purposes such as monitoring ecological responses to drought, flow regulation, water extraction and the provision of environmental flows. We created an Australian Macroinvertebrate Flow Index (AMFI) based on relative current‐velocity preferences of numerous Australian invertebrate families and genera, derived from a large dataset composited from past biomonitoring programs. We tested the new index with datasets independent from those used for its derivation, showing that it correlated strongly with current velocity and responded mostly as expected to discharge fluctuations downstream of a large dam. A genus‐level version was more responsive than a family‐level version, but the sensitivity of the family‐level version was improved by the incorporation of weighting based on taxon abundance. We suggest possible uses of the new index and recommend further development and testing, particularly in relation to intermittent streams and environmental flows.
Hydropeaking impairs upstream salmonid spawning habitats in a restored Danube tributary
Authors: Pander Joachim , Casas‐Mulet Roser , Geist Juergen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHydropower is considered an important form of renewable energy, often involving hydropeaking. While the effects of hydropeaking on aquatic communities in areas downstream the dam are well understood, there is a lack of studies investigating potential impacts on tributaries located further upstream. In this study, we tested the effects of hydropeaking operations on upstream tributaries in a restored area of the Danube River, with a focus on the periods of backlog and release of water (up‐ramping and down‐ramping, respectively) during the filling and release of the reservoir. We used brown trout egg and larval mortality, linked to hydraulic, sedimentary and physiochemical changes in spawning grounds as an indicator. We compared hydropeaking‐affected versus non‐affected sites in upstream tributaries using HydroEcoSedimentary Tools (HESTs) loaded with clean gravels and brown trout eggs. Egg and larval mortalities were significantly higher in the hydropeaking‐affected site with more than 80% egg mortality and almost 100% larval mortality compared to values of 55–63% and 80–85%, respectively, in non‐affected sites. Spawning ground quality was significantly altered in the hydropeaking‐affected site, where the highest mortalities were observed. Overall, duration of time periods with flow velocities close to zero were a key variable, potentially decreasing oxygen supply for eggs and larvae. Such periods of close to zero flow velocities were driven by backlog periods during the filling of the reservoir, revealing that such events can severely impair ecological integrity of spawning sites in tributaries upstream of dams by slowing the flows in upstream tributaries. Such altered processes can reduce fish population recruitment and need to be considered in future restoration projects.
Biomimetic Sequential Tautomerization/Dehydration/Addition Cascade Reactions: Facile Access to Proanthocyanidin Analogues Driven by Heating
Authors: Cui Xin , Wang Shuang , Lin Junjie , Li Jingpeng , Bai Hairui , Wang Xinghong , Huang Chao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn acid‐catalyzed, biomimetic cascades strategy for the synthesis of proanthocyanidin analogues is reported. The method lays in the structural transformations of 2‐hydroxychalcone strongly aﬀecting by pH and in situ generated flavylium salt intermediate could facile couping with π‐nucleophile to form the proanthocyanidin‐type product. A proposed bioinspired cascade reaction pathway based on control experiments were also provided. These results are of interest for developing the total synthesis of proanthocyanidin natural products.