bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empowerment of women's entrepreneurship in family business through Twitter
Authors: Blanco-Gonzalez-Tejero Cristina , Cano-Marin Enrique 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThe main purpose is to provide a global understanding of the role of women in entrepreneurship and family businesses, enabling the evaluation of the impact and the sentiment their role generates. To this end, empowerment and businesswomen's positioning through user-generated content (UCG) on Twitter is assessed.Design/methodology/approachThe research is carried out from a quantitative and qualitative perspective through the evaluation of UGC from the social platform Twitter. A total of 37,852 tweets have been collected and subsequently analysed about the role of entrepreneurial women. For that purpose, a set of supervised machine learning algorithms have been developed for sentiment analysis, as a natural language processing (NLP) technique, outlining random forest as the one with the highest accuracy. Finally, social network analysis (SNA) techniques and graph theory are applied to a generated text-to-network, which enables the identification of the most relevant topics in the discussion.FindingsThe results revealed a positive relationship in the sentiment of the generated content in relation to women entrepreneurs and leaders. An increasing trend was evidenced in the number of published tweets, as well as in the identified topics, highlighting the needs and challenges faced by women in the business environment as the most widely discussed.Research limitations/implicationsThe study develops both theoretical and practical implications so that the findings result in applications in academia and society. The performed analysis creates consciousness about the challenges of women in society, specifically in entrepreneurship.Originality/valueThe study contributes to further enriching the literature on women's entrepreneurship by addressing UGC via Twitter around the role of women, entrepreneurship and power positions.
Beyond the call of duty: how servant leadership promotes discretionary and constructive efforts to effect workplace functional change
Authors: Enwereuzor Ibeawuchi K. , Abel Chima Agwu , Ugwu Leonard I. 
Published: November 2022

PurposeGiven the intensified need to be responsive to change, employees' discretionary and constructive efforts, such as those aimed at effecting workplace functional change (i.e. taking charge), are required to enhance organizational effectiveness. Therefore, the authors reckon that due to their serving attitude of prioritizing the needs of others above the self and their motivational qualities, the servant leadership approach can enhance the confidence of subordinates' capabilities to perform a range of meaningful activities (i.e. role breadth self-efficacy; RBSE), which in turn should facilitate their engagement in taking charge.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected data from 324 leader-subordinate dyads (i.e. academicians) from two federal universities in Nigeria. The authors assessed the measurement and structural models with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThis study found that servant leadership and RBSE were crucial enablers of subordinates' taking charge. Furthermore, a positive relationship between servant leadership and RBSE was found. Lastly, RBSE was a partial mediating mechanism partly underlying the positive relationship between servant leadership and taking charge.Practical implicationsSelecting and training leaders to practice servant leadership in Nigerian public universities may serve as a springboard for employees to take charge because it also enables them to develop their RBSE.Originality/valueThe current study sheds light on the psychological process through which servant leadership affects subordinates' taking charge by identifying RBSE as a crucial motivational state partly underlying the process.
MSQ: a mobile and social-based Q&A system
Authors: Chuang Yung-Ting , Wang Ching-Hsien 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose a mobile and social-based question-and-answer (Q&A) system that analyzes users' social relationships and past answering behavior, considers users' interest similarity and answer quality to infer suitable respondents and forwards the questions to users that are willing to give high quality answers.Design/methodology/approachThis research applies first-order logic (FOL) inference calculation to generate question/interest ID that combines a users' social information, interests and social network intimacy to choose the nodes that can provide high-quality answers. After receiving a question, a friend can answer it, forward it to their friends according to the number of TTL (Time-to-Live) hops, or send the answer directly to the server. This research collected data from the TripAdvisor.com website and uses it for the experiment. The authors also collected previously answered questions from TripAdvisor.com; thus, subsequent answers could be forwarded to a centralized server to improve the overall performance.FindingsThe authors have first noticed that even though the proposed system is decentralized, it can still accurately identify the appropriate respondents to provide high-quality answers. In addition, since this system can easily identify the best answerers, there is no need to implement broadcasting, thus reducing the overall execution time and network bandwidth required. Moreover, this system allows users to accurately and quickly obtain high-quality answers after comparing and calculating interest IDs. The system also encourages frequent communication and interaction among users. Lastly, the experiments demonstrate that this system achieves high accuracy, high recall rate, low overhead, low forwarding cost and low response rate in all scenarios.Originality/valueThis paper proposes a mobile and social-based Q&A system that applies FOL inference calculation to analyze users' social relationships and past answering behavior, considers users' interest similarity and answer quality to infer suitable respondents and forwards the questions to users that are willing to give high quality answers. The experiments demonstrate that this system achieves high accuracy, high recall rate, low overhead, low forwarding cost and low response rate in all scenarios.
A conceptual framework for analysing compensation for expropriation of customary property rights
Authors: Kabanga Lucky , Mooya Manya Mainza 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThis paper develops a conceptual framework that is applicable in various compensation settings vis-a-vis relevant legal frameworks, compensation processes and practices, compensation outcomes and adequacy of resultant compensation by using a common evaluative framework, to address the lack of such a conceptual framework in the compensation literature. Also, by developing a new conceptual framework, this paper provides a platform and an analytical tool for anchoring and analysing future research on compensation for expropriation of various property rights.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper is based on original thought and review of literature on compensation for expropriation.FindingsA critical analysis of existing literature on compensation for expropriation of customary properties reveals that most studies are inadequately informed by relevant compensation theories and that each study uses its own tailor-made analytical framework. This entails that there is no general conceptual framework for anchoring new studies in compensation and aid in extrapolating their results to similar populations and contexts.Originality/valueThis paper makes novel contribution to knowledge by developing a new conceptual framework for analysing compensation for expropriation of customary property rights, which is not there currently. Essentially, by developing the new conceptual framework, this paper provides a basis for anchoring new research works in compensation and their analyses, thereby making a further contribution to knowledge.
Helminth‐associated changes in host immune phenotype connect top‐down and bottom‐up interactions during co‐infection
Authors: Seguel Mauricio , Budischak Sarah A. , Jolles Anna E. , Ezenwa Vanessa O. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Within‐host parasite interactions can be mediated by the host and changes in host phenotypes often serve as indicators of the presence or intensity of parasite interactions.

Parasites like helminths induce a range of physiological, morphological and immunological changes in hosts that can drive bottom‐up (resource‐mediated) or top‐down (immune‐mediated) interactions with co‐infecting parasites. Although top‐down and bottom‐up interactions are typically studied in isolation, the diverse phenotypic changes induced by parasite infection may serve as a useful tool for understanding if, and when, these processes act in concert.

Using an anthelmintic treatment study of African buffalo, Syncerus caffer, we tracked changes in host immunological and morphological phenotypes during helminth‐coccidia co‐infection to investigate their role in driving independent and combinatorial bottom‐up and top‐down parasite interactions. We also examined repercussions for host fitness.

Clearance of a blood‐sucking helminth, Haemonchus, from the host gastrointestinal tract induced a systemic Th2 immune phenotype, while clearance of a tissue‐feeding helminth, Cooperia, induced a systemic Th1 phenotype. Furthermore, the Haemonchus‐associated systemic Th2 immune phenotype drove simultaneous top‐down and bottom‐up effects that increased coccidia shedding by changing the immunological and morphological landscapes of the intestine.

Higher coccidia shedding was associated with lower host body condition, a lower chance of pregnancy and older age at first pregnancy, suggesting that coccidia infection imposed significant condition and reproductive costs on the host.

Our findings suggest that top‐down and bottom‐up interactions may commonly co‐occur and that tracking key host phenotypes that change in response to infection can help uncover complex pathways by which parasites interact.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Is ideological polarisation by age group growing in Europe?
Authors: O'GRADY TOM 
Published: November 2022

AbstractProminent theories claim that young Europeans are increasingly socialist as well as divided from their elders on non‐economic issues. This paper asks whether age‐based polarisation is really growing in Europe, using new estimates of the ideological positions of different age groups in 27 European countries across four issue domains from 1981 to 2018. The young in Europe turn out to be relatively libertarian: more socially liberal than the old in most countries but also more opposed to taxation and government spending. These age divides are not growing either: today's differences over social issues and immigration are similar in size to the 1980s, and if anything are starting to fall. Analysis of birth cohorts points to persistent cohort effects and period effects as the explanation for these patterns; there is little evidence that European cohorts become uniformly more right‐wing or left‐wing with age. Hence age‐based polarisation need not be a permanent or natural feature of European politics but is dependent on the changing social, political and economic climate.
The Swedish Perioperative Register: Description, validation of data mapping and utility
Authors: Holmström Björn , Enlund Gunnar , Spetz Peter , Frostell Claes 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundSince 2013 surgical units in Sweden have reported procedures to the national Swedish Perioperative Register (SPOR). More than four million cases have been documented. Data consist of patient ID, type of surgery, diagnoses, time stamps during the perioperative process (from the decision to operate to the time of discharge from the postoperative recovery area) and quality measures. This article aims to describe SPOR and validate data mapping. Also, we wished to illustrate the utility of the SPOR in assessing variations in national surgical capacity during the COVID‐19 pandemia years 2020–2021.MethodsAfter a detailed description of SPOR, we report on the validation of data performed by comparing data from local databases with data stored in the central SPOR database, assessing missing values and accuracy. Effects of the pandemic on surgical capacity were described by developing an index, based on the number of performed surgical procedures per week during four production weeks in January 2020. Subsequent weeks were then compared with this baseline.ResultsThe validation effort demonstrated nearly 100% data accuracy for the number and type of surgical procedures between local and central data. Missing data was a problem for some parameters. The number of performed surgical procedures decreased dramatically from week 11 in 2020 compared with normal production on a national basis, mainly impairing elective surgery.DiscussionData validation revealed good agreement between local and central databases. The changes in national surgical capacity during the pandemic were illustrated by an index based on the reported surgical production.
Understanding successful policy innovation: The case of Portuguese drug policy
Authors: Moury Catherine , Escada Mafalda 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionIn 2000, the Portuguese minority socialist government decriminalized the possession and consumption of drugs. This law made Portugal unique in having a formal system that directs the person using drugs to a panel under the purview of the Ministry of Health, as opposed to the Ministry of Justice, and hence constitutes an ‘original innovation’. In this article, we ask under which conditions such kinds of reforms are introduced and successfully implemented.Aims and designAfter discussing the limitations of the existing literature, we present a new theoretical framework: the ‘six‐stars’ framework. We argue that successful policy innovation in democracies will only occur and persist when six institutional and individual ‘stars’ are aligned: attention, motivation to innovate, a new solution, political strategies, quality and legitimacy of the decision‐making process and guarantees for full implementation. We then apply this framework to the Portuguese Drug Policy Case through theory‐testing/process‐tracing. Relying upon a qualitative analysis of three different types of data—primary and secondary sources, official documents emitted by key actors and interviews—we identify the presence of the six aligned ‘stars’.ConclusionsThe proposed ‘six‐stars’ framework of successful drug policy innovation shows the importance of electoral mandates, communication, inclusion, transparency, deliberation and evaluation when designing innovative drug policies. It also illustrates the importance of ensuring the support of implementing agents and quickly creating visible, positive policy feedback.
Multiple pathways of integration: Acculturative change and associations with school adjustment in immigrant‐origin adolescents
Authors: Hillekens Jessie , Baysu Gülseli , Phalet Karen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTracing developmental pathways of immigrant‐origin adolescents, this 3‐year longitudinal study (2012–2015) examined within‐person changes in cultural orientations and their consequences for school adjustment. Multivariate latent growth mixture modeling confirmed multiple pathways of integration, revealing variable acculturative changes along dual trajectories of heritage and mainstream orientations among European‐origin (N = 592, Mage = 14.45, 55.1% boys) and Turkish‐ and Moroccan‐origin adolescents (N = 1269, Mage = 14.70, 53.1% boys). Two trajectories for European‐origin adolescents differed in heritage orientations (high decreasing and low increasing); for Turkish‐ and Moroccan‐origin adolescents, three trajectories differed in mainstream orientations (high stable, low increasing, and high decreasing). Acculturative change affected aspects of later school adjustment: European‐origin adolescents in high heritage orientation trajectories reported more belonging and emotional engagement; Turkish‐ and Moroccan‐origin adolescents in high mainstream orientation trajectories reported more behavioral engagement.
Trends in social inequalities in early childhood caries using population‐based clinical data
Authors: Lopez Diego J. , Hegde Shalika , Whelan Martin , Dashper Stuart , Tsakos Georgios , Singh Ankur 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the longitudinal trends in social inequalities in early childhood caries (ECC) using collected population‐based data.MethodsClinical data on children were routinely collected from 2008 to 2019 in Victoria, Australia. ECC prevalence and severity (dmft) were quantified according to Indigenous status, culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) status, concession cardholder status, geographic remoteness and area deprivation. The inverse probability weighting was used to quantify social inequalities in ECC. The weighted prevalence differences, and the ratio between the weighted prevalence of ECC and mean dmft and their 95% confidence interval, were then plotted.ResultsAbsolute inequalities in ECC prevalence increased for children by 7% for CALD status and cardholder status between 2008 and 2019. Likewise, absolute inequalities in ECC severity in this time period increased by 0.6 for CALD status and by 0.4 for cardholder status. Relative inequalities in ECC increased by CALD (ratio: 1.3 to 2.0), cardholder status (1.3 to 2.0) and area deprivation (1.1 to 1.3). Relative inequalities in severity increased by CALD (1.5 to 2.8), cardholder (1.4 to 2.5) or area deprivation (1.3 to 1.5). Although children with Indigenous status experienced inequalities in ECC prevalence and severity, these did not increase on the absolute (ECC: 0.1–0.1 Severity: 1.0–0.1) or relative scale (ECC ratio: 1.3–1.3 Severity ratio: 1.6–1.1).ConclusionsTrends in inequalities in ECC were different according to sociodemographic measures. Oral health policies and interventions must be evaluated on the basis of reducing the prevalence of oral diseases and oral health inequalities between population sub‐groups.
Boosting freshwater fish conservation with high‐resolution distribution mapping across a large territory
Authors: Tao Juan , Ding Chengzhi , Chen Jinnan , Ding Liuyong , Brosse Sébastien , Heino Jani , Hermoso Virgilio , Wu Ruidong , Wang Ziwang , Hu Jiaxin , Che Rongxiao , Jin Xiaowei , Ji Songhao , He Dekui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe lack of high‐resolution distribution maps for freshwater species across large extents fundamentally challenges biodiversity conservation worldwide. We devised a simple framework to delineate the distributions of freshwater fishes in a high‐resolution drainage map based on stacked species distribution models and expert information. We applied this framework to the entire Chinese freshwater fish fauna (>1600 species) to examine high‐resolution biodiversity patterns and reveal potential conflicts between freshwater biodiversity and anthropogenic disturbances. The correlations between spatial patterns of biodiversity facets (species richness, endemicity, and phylogenetic diversity) were all significant (r = 0.43–0.98,p < 0.001). Areas with high values of different biodiversity facets overlapped with anthropogenic disturbances. Existing protected areas (PAs), covering 22% of China's territory, protected 25–29% of fish habitats, 16–23% of species, and 30–31% of priority conservation areas. Moreover, 6–21% of the species were completely unprotected. These results suggest the need for extending the network of PAs to ensure the conservation of China's freshwater fishes and the goods and services they provide. Specifically, middle to low reaches of large rivers and their associated lakes from northeast to southwest China hosted the most diverse species assemblages and thus should be the target of future expansions of the network of PAs. More generally, our framework, which can be used to draw high‐resolution freshwater biodiversity maps combining species occurrence data and expert knowledge on species distribution, provides an efficient way to design PAs regardless of the ecosystem, taxonomic group, or region considered.
Retaining natural vegetation to safeguard biodiversity and humanity
Authors: Simmonds Jeremy S. , Suarez‐Castro Andres Felipe , Reside April E. , Watson James E. M. , Allan James R. , Atkinson Scott C. , Borrelli Pasquale , Dudley Nigel , Edwards Stephen , Fuller Richard A. , Game Edward T. , Linke Simon , Maxwell Sean L. , Panagos Panos , Puydarrieux Philippe , Quétier Fabien , Runting Rebecca K. , Santini Talitha , Sonter Laura J. , Maron Martine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGlobal efforts to deliver internationally agreed goals to reduce carbon emissions, halt biodiversity loss, and retain essential ecosystem services have been poorly integrated. These goals rely in part on preserving natural (e.g., native, largely unmodified) and seminatural (e.g., low intensity or sustainable human use) forests, woodlands, and grasslands. To show how to unify these goals, we empirically derived spatially explicit, quantitative, area‐based targets for the retention of natural and seminatural (e.g., native) terrestrial vegetation worldwide. We used a 250‐m‐resolution map of natural and seminatural vegetation cover and, from this, selected areas identified under different international agreements as being important for achieving global biodiversity, carbon, soil, and water targets. At least 67 million km2 of Earth's terrestrial vegetation (∼79% of the area of vegetation remaining) required retention to contribute to biodiversity, climate, soil, and freshwater conservation objectives under 4 United Nations’ resolutions. This equates to retaining natural and seminatural vegetation across at least 50% of the total terrestrial (excluding Antarctica) surface of Earth. Retention efforts could contribute to multiple goals simultaneously, especially where natural and seminatural vegetation can be managed to achieve cobenefits for biodiversity, carbon storage, and ecosystem service provision. Such management can and should co‐occur and be driven by people who live in and rely on places where natural and sustainably managed vegetation remains in situ and must be complemented by restoration and appropriate management of more human‐modified environments if global goals are to be realized.
Exploring Responsible Research and Innovation in Museums Through Hands‐on Activities
Authors: Ostman Rae , Nagy Peter , Mawasi Areej , Finn Ed , Wylie Ruth 
Published: November 2022

AbstractResponsible research and innovation (RRI) is a framework for thinking about the implications of science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) discoveries and innovations and shaping them in a way that is responsible to people, future generations, and the natural environment. In this paper, we present a project that engages museum visitors in learning about RRI through hands‐on activities inspired by Mary Shelley's Frankenstein story, characters, and themes. We developed a learning framework describing strategies and outcomes for RRI in informal educational settings, then created a set of seven activities that embodied the framework and studied their implementation at 13 museums. Evidence from observations and interviews are consistent with the RRI learning framework and suggest a number of practical implications for its use in museums.