bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sulfone‐Decorated Conjugated Organic Polymers Activate Oxygen for Photocatalytic Methane Conversion
Authors: An Bo , Zhang Qin‐hua , Zheng Bo‐shi , Li Miao , Xi Yan‐yan , Jin Xin , Xue Sheng , Li Zhong‐tao , Wu Ming‐bo , Wu Wen‐ting 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOxidizing CH4into liquid products with O2under mild conditions still mainly relies on metal catalysis. We prepared a series of sulfone‐modified conjugated organic polymers and found that the catalyst with proper SVIcontent (0.10) could drive O2→H2O2→⋅OH to oxidize CH4into CH3OH and HCOOH directly and efficiently at room temperature under light irradiation. Experimental results showed that after 4 h reaction, decomposition rate and residual amounts of H2O2were 81.21 % and 4.83 mmol gcat−1respectively, and CH4conversion rate was 22.81 %. Mechanism studies revealed that illumination could induce the homolytic dissociation of S=O bonds on catalyst to produce oxygen and sulfur radicals, where the ⋅O could adsorb and activate CH4, and the ⋅S could supply electrons for1O2to generate H2O2and then for decomposing the H2O2into ⋅OH timely to oxidize CH4. This research provided a novel organic catalysis approach for oxygen activation and utilization.
Investigations into spectroscopic and optoelectronic behaviour of furoic acid‐based Eu(III) complexes for advanced photonic applications
Authors: Bedi Manisha , Punia Monika , Taxak Vinod Bala , Khatkar Satyender Pal , Doon Priti Boora 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo illuminate the zone of organic light‐emitting diodes, a novel series of four red luminescent europium complexes, one binary (C1) and three ternary (C2–C4), of 5‐phenyl 2‐furoic acid was synthesized with 2,2′‐bipyridyl (bipy), bathophenanthroline (batho) and 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen) as ancillary ligands and characterized by adopting various analytical techniques. All the findings of energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, elemental (CHN) analysis, Fourier transform infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy confirmed the coordination of ligand binding sites with the europium ion. To evaluate the thermal stability, thermogravimetric/difference thermogravimetric measurements were taken that revealed that the synthesized complexes were stable up to 245°C. Diffused reflectance studies indicated that these complexes had potential for their use in wide band‐gap semiconductors, as all the four complexes showed metal‐centred luminescence as a characteristic red emission peak that was observed at 613 nm under the excitation wavelength of 330 nm. The internal quantum efficiencies and luminescence lifetime of complexes were predicted using Judd–Ofelt and photophysical data. The monoexponential luminescence decay and Judd–Ofelt analysis suggested the presence of a single and asymmetric chemical environment in the coordination sphere of the europium metal. Commission International de l'Eclairage colour coordinates, correlated colour temperature values, and colour purity of the complexes validated their red emission in the visible region.
A combined experimental and computational framework to evaluate the behavior of therapeutic cells for peripheral nerve regeneration
Authors: Eleftheriadou Despoina , Berg Maxime , Phillips James B. , Shipley Rebecca J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRecent studies have explored the potential of tissue‐mimetic scaffolds in encouraging nerve regeneration. One of the major determinants of the regenerative success of cellular nerve repair constructs (NRCs) is the local microenvironment, particularly native low oxygen conditions which can affect implanted cell survival and functional performance. In vivo, cells reside in a range of environmental conditions due to the spatial gradients of nutrient concentrations that are established. Here we evaluate in vitro the differences in cellular behavior that such conditions induce, including key biological features such as oxygen metabolism, glucose consumption, cell death, and vascular endothelial growth factor secretion. Experimental measurements are used to devise and parameterize a mathematical model that describes the behavior of the cells. The proposed model effectively describes the interactions between cells and their microenvironment and could in the future be extended, allowing researchers to compare the behavior of different therapeutic cells. Such a combinatorial approach could be used to accelerate the clinical translation of NRCs by identifying which critical design features should be optimized when fabricating engineered nerve repair conduits.
Psychiatric disorders among employment requiring firearms
Authors: Yasuhara Kento , Morreale Kristina , Talley Dijonee , Cooper Danielle T. , Hoy‐Watkins Michelle , Coker Kendell L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIndividuals who carry guns as a requirement of employment frequently experience hazards that can be stress inducing, violent, traumatizing, or cause personal injury. This study used data from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiological Surveys (CPES; n = 20,013), to examine mental health diagnoses of individuals that ever worked at a job requiring a firearm. Consistent with existing literature, the findings indicated that those who worked in professions requiring a firearm showed similar risk of mental health diagnoses as law enforcement officers which includes symptoms of trauma, mood disorders, and alcohol use. Further, race/ethnic differences emerged in patterns of mental health diagnoses, suggesting sociocultural differences influence diagnoses. These findings indicate the necessity for further investigation of the understudied area of mental health of those within employment positions that require firearms.
3D bioprinting of an implantable xeno‐free vascularized human skin graft
Authors: Baltazar Tania , Jiang Bo , Moncayo Alejandra , Merola Jonathan , Albanna Mohammad Z. , Saltzman W. Mark , Pober Jordan S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBioengineered tissues or organs produced using matrix proteins or components derived from xenogeneic sources pose risks of allergic responses, immune rejection, or even autoimmunity. Here, we report successful xeno‐free isolation, expansion, and cryopreservation of human endothelial cells (EC), fibroblasts (FBs), pericytes (PCs), and keratinocytes (KCs). We further demonstrate the bioprinting of a human skin substitute with a dermal layer containing xeno‐free cultured human EC, FBs, and PCs in a xeno‐free bioink containing human collagen type I and fibronectin layered in a biocompatible polyglycolic acid mesh and subsequently seeded with xeno‐free human KCs to form an epidermal layer. Following implantation of such bilayered skin grafts on the dorsum of immunodeficient mice, KCs form a mature stratified epidermis with rete ridge‐like structures. The ECs and PCs form human EC‐lined perfused microvessels within 2 weeks after implantation, preventing graft necrosis, and eliciting further perfusion of the graft by angiogenic host microvessels. As proof‐of‐concept, we generated 12 individual grafts using a single donor of all four cell types. In summary, we describe the fabrication of a bioprinted vascularized bilayered skin substitute under completely xeno‐free culture conditions demonstrating feasibility of a xeno‐free approach to complex tissue engineering.
Bioprinted hASC‐laden collagen/HA constructs with meringue‐like macro/micropores
Authors: Koo YoungWon , Kim Geun Hyung 
Published: April 2022

AbstractExtrusion‐based bioprinting is one of the most effective methods for fabricating cell‐laden mesh structures. However, insufficient cellular activities within the printed cylindrical cell‐matrix blocks, inducing low cell‐to‐cell interactions due to the disturbance of the matrix hydrogel, remain to be addressed. Hence, various sacrificial materials or void‐forming methods have been used; however, most of them cannot solve the problem completely or require complicated fabricating procedures. Herein, we suggest a bioprinted cell‐laden collagen/hydroxyapatite (HA) construct comprising meringue‐like porous cell‐laden structures to enhance osteogenic activity. A porous bioink is generated using a culinary process, i.e., the whipping method, and the whipping conditions, such as the material concentration, time, and speed, are selected appropriately. The constructs fabricated using the meringue‐like bioink with MG63 cells and human adipose stem cells exhibit outstanding metabolic and osteogenic activities owing to the synergistic effects of the efficient cell‐to‐cell interactions and HA stimulation released from the porous structure. The in vitro cellular responses indicate that the meringue‐like collagen bioink for achieving an extremely porous cell‐laden construct can be a highly promising cell‐laden material for various tissue regeneration applications.
Relationship between the morphology and composition of the lumbar paraspinal and psoas muscles and lumbar intervertebral motion in chronic low‐back pain: An exploratory study
Authors: Seyedhoseinpoor Tahere , Taghipour Mohammad , Dadgoo Mehdi , Ebrahimi Takamjani Ismail , Sanjari Mohammad Ali , Kazemnejad Anoshirvan , M. Elliott James , Hides Julie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMuscles of the lumbar spine play an important role in controlling segmental intervertebral motion. This study aimed to evaluate the association between lumbar intervertebral motion and changes in lumbar morphology/composition in people with chronic low‐back pain (CLBP). A sample of 183 patients with CLBP participated in this cross‐sectional study. Participants underwent lumbar flexion‐extension X‐rays to determine vertebral motion (translational and/or rotational motion) of lumbar levels (L1–L2 to L5–S1) and lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging to quantify total and functional cross‐sectional areas (CSAs) and asymmetry of the multifidus (MF), lumbar erector spinae (LES), and psoas muscles. The relationship between morphology/composition of the muscles and lumbar intervertebral motion was investigated. Smaller total and functional CSAs of the MF and greater CSAs of the LES muscle were observed in participants with greater intervertebral motion. Muscle asymmetry was observed at different lumbar vertebral levels. The greatest amount of translational intervertebral motion was observed at the L3–L4 level, while the greatest amount of rotational translation occurred at the L4–L5. Associations were observed between the morphology of the paraspinal muscles at the vertebral levels adjacent to the L3–L4 level and the increased intervertebral motion at this level. Relationships between measures of muscle morphology/composition and increased segmental vertebral motion were observed. The results may provide a plausible biological reason for the effectiveness of rehabilitating deficient paraspinal muscles in a subset of people with CLBP.
Guide‐Extension Carlino: A novel technique for crossing a microcatheter uncrossable proximal cap during chronic total occlusion interventions
Authors: Karacsonyi Judit , Brilakis Emmanouil S. , Chandwaney Raj H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBalloon and microcatheter uncrossable chronic total occlusions can be challenging to treat. We present a novel technique for treating such lesions through contrast injection via a guide catheter extension wedged against the proximal cap. We named this technique “guide‐extension Carlino.”
Tibial shaft fracture after medial open‐wedge distal tibial tuberosity osteotomy: A case report
Authors: Kuwashima Umito , Itoh Masafumi , Itou Junya , Okazaki Ken 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe report a case of tibial shaft fracture after open‐wedge distal tibial tuberosity osteotomy (OWDTO). The use of a lag screw for a lateral hinge fracture in OWDTO requires careful postoperative rehabilitation and follow‐up. We discuss concerns related to the mechanical strength at the osteotomy site after OWDTO to prevent fracture.
Effective H2O2 Production via Favorable Intermediate Desorption in Fluctuating Electrical Fields from Matrix‐Filler Mutually Enhanced P‐C3N4/PVDF‐HFP Porous Composite**
Authors: Chen Zhensheng , Zhuang Jialin , Liu Chao , Chai Mengnan , Zhang Shuting , Teng Kaixuan , Cao Tingting , Zhang Yihe , Hu Yingmo , Zhao Lu , An Qi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPiezocatalysis is considered as an emerging alternative to the traditional anthraquinone oxidation process to produce hydrogen peroxide by directly converting mechanical energy into chemical energy. However, the development of low‐cost, recyclable piezocatalysts with excellent piezoelectric performance is highly desired but also challenging. Herein, phosphorous‐doped graphite phase carbon nitride (PCN) as a filler was added to polytetrafluoroethylene‐hexafluoropropylene (PVDF‐HFP), and this nonmetal composite film with porous structure and rich β phase shows enhanced piezoelectricity. The synergy effects of the matrix and filler in mutual promoting their catalytic‐relevant properties (piezoelectrical capacities and carrier densities) ensure high H2O2 production up to 668.56 μmol ⋅ gcat−1 ⋅ h−1. The randomly fluctuating electrical fields disturb the strong adsorption of the *OOH intermediate and promote its desorption and subsequently the production of H2O2. The composite film can be used multiple times and easily recycled. This work provides novel insights in the piezocatalytic processes and inspire the development of excellent piezocatalysts for practical peroxide production at the consuming locations.
Hierarchically Porous Carbon Derived from a Mn2+ Complex: A Highly Graphitized Structure for Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Han Wen‐Li , Dong Xiao‐Ling , Chen Jing , Li Wen‐Cui 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPorous graphitic carbon materials have been regarded as promising candidates as the electrode for supercapacitors. However, the high porosity and electrical conductivity usually have a competitive relationship in a carbon material. Therefore, constructing the hierarchically porous graphitic carbon materials poses a challenge. We report a simple one‐pot synthesis strategy using a Mn complex both as the hard template and the graphitization catalyst. The pore size distribution of porous carbon can be adjusted, and MnCx can be produced by the combination of MnO with amorphous carbon atoms. The as‐prepared carbon materials show a high graphitization degree and surface area of 1545 m2 g−1 with micro‐/mesopores, which boosts the rate performance with capacitance retention up to 90 % at 50 A g−1 and gives super cycle performance with 100 % capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles for the electrode of symmetric supercapacitor. This work reveals a novel strategy to construct porous graphitic carbon materials for supercapacitors applications.
Measurements and Utilization of Consistent Gibbs Energies of Transfer of Single Ions: Towards a Unified Redox Potential Scale for All Solvents
Authors: Radtke Valentin , Gebel Niklas , Priester Denis , Ermantraut Andreas , Bäuerle Monika , Himmel Daniel , Stroh Regina , Koslowski Thorsten , Leito Ivo , Krossing Ingo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUtilizing the “ideal” ionic liquid salt bridge to measure Gibbs energies of transfer of silver ions between the solvents water, acetonitrile, propylene carbonate and dimethylformamide results in a consistent data set with a precision of 0.6 kJ mol−1 over 87 measurements in 10 half‐cells. This forms the basis for a coherent experimental thermodynamic framework of ion solvation chemistry. In addition, we define the solvent independent
‐ and the
values that account for the electronating potential of any redox system similar to the
value of a medium that accounts for its protonating potential. This
scale is thermodynamically well‐defined enabling a straightforward comparison of the redox potentials (reducities) of all media with respect to the aqueous redox potential scale, hence unifying all conventional solvents′ redox potential scales. Thus, using the Gibbs energy of transfer of the silver ion published herein, one can convert and unify all hitherto published redox potentials measured, for example, against ferrocene, to the
scale.
Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Amber Emitting La7Sr[Si10N19O3] : Eu2+ and Syntheses of the Substitutional Variants RE8‐xAEx[Si10N20‐xO2+x] : Eu2+ with RE=La, Ce; AE=Ca, Sr, Ba; 0≤x≤2
Authors: Gamperl Lisa , Strobel Philipp , Schmidt Peter J. , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe oxonitridosilicate La7Sr[Si10N19O3] : Eu2+ and its substitutional variants RE8‐xAEx[Si10N20‐xO2+x] : Eu2+ with RE=La, Ce; AE=Ca, Sr, Ba and 0≤x≤2 were synthesized starting from REN, SrN/Ca3N2/Ba2N, SiO2, amorphous Si3N4 and Eu2O3 as doping agent at 1600 °C in a radiofrequency furnace. The crystal structure of La7Sr[Si10N19O3] was solved and refined based on single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data. La7Sr[Si10N19O3] crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pmn21 (no. 31). The crystal structures of the isotypic compounds RE8‐xAEx[Si10N20‐xO2+x] were confirmed by Rietveld refinements based on powder X‐ray diffraction data using the single‐crystal data of La7Sr[Si10N19O3] as starting point. Crystal structure elucidation reveals a 3D network of vertex sharing SiN4 and SiN2(N1/2‐x/4O1/2+x/4)2 (0≤x≤2) tetrahedra. When excited with UV to blue light, La7Sr[Si10N19O3] : Eu2+ shows amber luminescence with λem=612 nm and fwhm=84 nm/2194 cm−1, which makes it interesting for application in amber phosphor‐converted light emitting diodes.
Insights and Activation Energy Surface of the Dehydrogenation of C2HxO Species in Ethanol Oxidation Reaction on Ir(100)
Authors: Wu Ruitao , Wang Lichang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDehydrogenation of an organic compound is the first and the most fundamental elementary reaction in many organic reactions. In ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) to form CO2, there are a total of 46 pathways in C2HxO (x=1–6) species leading to the removal of all six hydrogen atoms in five C−H bonds and one O−H bond. To investigate the degree of dehydrogenation in EOR under operando conditions, we performed density function theory (DFT) calculations to study 28 dehydrogenation steps of C2HxO on Ir(100). An activation energy surface was then constructed and compared with that of the C−C bond cleavages to understand the importance of the degree of dehydrogenation in EOR. The results show that there are likely 28 dehydrogenations in EOR under fuel cell temperatures and the last two hydrogens in C2H2O are less likely cleaved. On the other hand, deep dehydrogenation including 45 dehydrogenations can occur under ethanol steam reforming conditions.
Floral diversity increases butterfly diversity in a multitrophic metacommunity
Authors: Gordon Susan C. C. , Kerr Jeremy T. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe impact of multitrophic interactions on metacommunity structure, despite extensive theory and modeling/manipulative studies, has remained largely unexplored within naturally occurring metacommunities. We investigated the impacts of mutualistic partners and predators on a butterfly metacommunity, as well as the impacts that local and landscape characteristics have across three trophic levels: flowering plants, butterflies, and butterfly predators. Using data for butterfly diversity/richness, flowering plant diversity/richness, and butterfly predation (on clay butterfly models) across 15 grassland sites, we posed 3 questions. (1) How do mutualist metacommunity structure, predation pressure, and local and regional habitat characteristics affect butterfly metacommunity structure? (2) How do local and regional habitat characteristics affect flowering plant metacommunity structure? (3) How do local and regional habitat characteristics affect predation pressure? Floral diversity and richness had a positive effect on butterfly diversity and richness (Question 1). Site size positively affected floral diversity and richness (Question 2), and through this relationship site size had an indirect positive effect on butterfly diversity and richness (Question 1). In contrast to previous work, no other variables impacted butterfly diversity/richness. This result was particularly surprising for predation pressure: Our results suggest that within our study system, butterfly community diversity and richness are not strongly impacted by predation. Predator attacks occurred more in larger and more isolated sites (Question 3), suggesting that predators respond more strongly to landscape characteristics than abundance or diversity of butterfly prey species. This decoupling of predation pressure and butterfly communities suggests that conserving and restoring healthy predator populations may not negatively impact butterfly communities. If diverse plant communities are maintained, even small and isolated habitat patches can be valuable for butterfly conservation, which may influence reserve design and habitat restoration strategies.
Heart failure in the general population and impact of the 2021 European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure Guidelines
Authors: Wenzel Jan‐Per , Nikorowitsch Julius , bei der Kellen Ramona , Magnussen Christina , Bonin‐Schnabel Renate , Westermann Dirk , Twerenbold Raphael , Kirchhof Paulus , Blankenberg Stefan , Schrage Benedikt 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimThe diagnosis of heart failure (HF) has been refined in several steps in recent years, reflecting evolving diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) recently published a modified definition of HF in the 2021 heart failure (HF) guidelines. The impact of this new diagnostic algorithm on the prevalence of HF is not known. The aim of this study was to describe the contemporary prevalence of HF in a representative, completely phenotyped sample from the general population.Methods and resultsThis analysis was conducted among 7074 participants (aged 45–78 years, 51.5% women) from the population‐based Hamburg City Health Study. Compared with the 2016 version, HF prevalence increased with the 2021 HF guidelines from 4.31% to 4.83% (12% increase). This increase was driven by a higher number of subjects with HF with reduced/mildly‐reduced ejection fraction (0.47% to 0.52%; 1.37% to 2.12%), while the number of subjects with HF with preserved ejection fraction decreased from 2.46% to 2.19%. Importantly, this did not impact the known risk factor profiles of the phenotypes. Although four drugs are recommended for all subjects with HFrEF in the new guidelines, several adjunctive therapies are recommended for dedicated cases/scenarios (e.g. <1% eligibility for ivabradine/vericiguat/devices).ConclusionHeart failure remains common in a contemporary general population sample. The number of patients with HF will increase when the current diagnostic criteria are applied. This offers opportunities to initiate preventive therapies, especially in patients with HFmrEF and HFrEF.