bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of internet search enquiries, incidence of ophthalmological diseases and corneal, cataract and refractive surgical procedures
Authors: Ghaly Mohamed , Jaber Diana , Matthaei Mario , Cursiefen Claus , Händel Alexander , Köberlein-Neu Juliane , Hörster Robert , Siebelmann Sebastian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Analysis of internet search queries (ISQ) could be useful to study public interest and medical need for corneal, cataract, and refractive surgery. To date, there are preliminary data on seasonal trends in ophthalmic conditions, but only few studies correlate these data with real data from healthcare systems. The aim of this study is to analyze ISQ and correlate it with real healthcare system data. Data were retrieved from the KBV registry of patients who underwent outpatient ophthalmic surgery in Germany from 2017 to 2019 and from Statista GmbH from 2010 to 2020 for corneal refractive surgery. Time Series analysis of ISQ was analyzed from 2004 to 2020 and correlated with healthcare system data using bivariate correlation analysis. ISQ correlated significantly with the incidence of ophthalmic procedures such as corneal transplantations (r = 0.69, p < 0.05), cataract- (r = 0.59, p < 0.05) and refractive laser surgery (r = 0.83, p < 0.05) in Germany. In addition, specific trends were observed with respect to individual surgical procedures. The correlation between search intensities and surgical procedures varied significantly. Thus, interests in surgical procedures can be tracked by observing changes in ISQ over time. These data correlate with real healthcare data and could be used in the future for now-casting or even forecasting.
Optical absorption of conduction electrons in semiconductor nanowires in the presence of the electron-phonon interaction
Authors: Zorik Anas , Farhoud Maher , Sakr Mohammed R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We calculate the energy states and the optical absorption coefficient for electrons in a nanowire in the presence of the Rashba and the longitudinal-optical phonon interactions. The interplay of those interactions results in a splitting in the electron dispersion relation at zero wavevector that grows linearly for the ground state as the strength of the lateral quantum confinement increases. For higher states, the energy splitting increases more rapidly till the state of resonant polaron is reached, then it increases slowly due to the pinning effect. The frequency separation between the well-resolved absorption peaks and their number are greatly influenced by the state of the polarons.
Perinatal plasma carotenoids and vitamin E concentrations with glycemia and insulin resistance in women during and after pregnancy
Authors: Lai Jun Shi , Godfrey Keith , Ong Choon Nam , Tan Kok Hian  , Yap Fabian , Chong Yap Seng , Chan Jerry , Chan Shiao-Yng , Chong Mary 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Carotenoids and vitamin E play beneficial roles against insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Objective: To examine the associations of perinatal plasma carotenoids and E vitamers concentrations with glycemia, insulin resistance, gestational and type-2 diabetes mellitus at mid-pregnancy and post-pregnancy in women of the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort. Methods: Plasma concentrations of carotenoids and E vitamers were measured at delivery, and principal component analysis derived patterns of their concentrations. Fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose, and fasting plasma insulin were measured at 26-28 weeks’ gestation and 4-6 years’ post-pregnancy, with derivation of homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Associations were examined using linear or logistic regressions adjusting for key confounders. Results: In 678 women, two patterns of carotenoids (CP1: α-, β-carotene, lutein; CP2: zeaxanthin, lycopene, β-cryptoxanthin) and one pattern of E vitamers (VE: γ-, δ-, α-tocopherols) were derived. A higher CP1 score (1-SD) was associated with lower gestational fasting glucose [β (95%CI): -0.06 (-0.10, -0.02) mmol/L], and lower gestational and post-pregnancy HOMA-IR [gestational: -0.17 (-0.82, 0.01), P=0.065; post-pregnancy: -0.11 (-0.15, -0.08) mmol/L]. In contrast, a higher VE score (1-SD) was associated with higher gestational and post-pregnancy fasting and 2-hour glucose [gestational: 0.05 (0.01, 0.08) and 0.08 (0.01, 0.16); post-pregnancy: 0.19 (0.07, 0.31) and 0.24 (0.06, 0.42) mmol/L], but there were no associations with HOMA-IR. Conclusions: Higher α-, β-carotene and lutein may lower gestational fasting glycemia, and gestational and post-pregnancy insulin resistance; but higher vitamin E may increase gestational and post-pregnancy glycemia. Further investigation in cohorts with prospective longitudinal measurements of these vitamins are needed.
In-situ growth of CeO2/Ce(OH)CO3 composites with enhanced photocatalytic activity by the incomplete conversion of CeO2 to Ce(OH)CO3
Authors: Wu Xinhao , Tang Jianping , Li Yuan , Chen Yujun , Wang Lei , Zhong Shengliang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a novel strategy was used to grow CeO2/Ce(OH)CO3 composite in situ by the incomplete conversion of CeO2 to Ce(OH)CO3 using ethylene glycol (EG) as CO32− source and solvent. And the content of Ce(OH)CO3 in CeO2/Ce(OH)CO3 composite can be controlled by changing the solvent composition. The CeO2/Ce(OH)CO3 composite prepared at 200°C for 24 h with a H2O/EG volume ratio of 10:20 exhibited greatly enhanced visible-light activity for methylene blue (MB) degradation compared to the bare CeO2. This work would provide a novel method to fabricate basic rare earth carbonates and their composites.
A Study on the Impact of Different Aging Models on the Health Status of Chinese Older Adults-Evidence from CHARLS national baseline
Authors: Chen Lu , Ma Rui , Ma Fang , Jia TingTing , Ma Guofang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective: To explore the effects of different aging models on the self-rated health status of Chinese elderly people, with the aim of suggesting ways to save resources, improve the quality of life of elderly people, and formulate policies related to healthy aging. Methods: This paper used the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) database to obtain a total of 4443 samples by excluding irrelevant missing variables, and further The Ordered probit regression model and SEM model were constructed to test the effects of different aging patterns on the self-rated health status of the elderly in China. Results：The score of self-rated health status of the elderly in China is (3.084±1.020), which is in the middle to upper level; the linear regression results indicate that the frequency of interaction with children and monthly financial support from children among the family elderly variables have significant effects on the self-rated health status of the elderly.The p-values of old-age insurance and personal income were less than 0.01, which were statistically significant; among the control variables, gender, age, education level and place of residence all had significant effects on the health level of the elderly.Conclusion: There is a significant effect of elderly care model on the self-rated health status of the elderly; family care as the main feature of family care plays an important role in improving the health level of the elderly; there is a gap in community care; the marginal benefit of elderly health management is the largest.
TGFβ-induced changes in membrane curvature influence Ras oncoprotein membrane localization
Authors: Damalas Alexandros , Vonkova Ivana , Tutkus Marijonas , Stamou Dimitrios 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In the course of cancer progression the tumor cells undergo morphology changes that lead to increased motility and invasiveness promoting formation of metastases. This process called epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is triggered by transforming growth factor (TGFβ) but for gaining the full invasive potential an interplay between signaling of TGFβ and Ras GTPases is required. Ras proteins possess lipidated domain that mediates Ras association with plasma membrane, which is essential for Ras biological functions. Type and number of the lipid anchors are the main difference among three Ras variants – H-ras, N-ras and K-ras. The lipid anchors determine membrane partitioning of lipidated proteins into membrane areas of specific physico-chemical properties and curvature. In this study, we investigated the effect of TGFβ treatment on subcellular localization of H-ras and K-ras. We show that TGFβ induces increase in positive membrane curvature, which is subsequently sensed by activated H-ras, leading to its elevated plasma membrane localization. This observation suggests an existence of positive feedback loop in which increased level of membrane curvature of plasma membrane during TGFβ induced EMT would attract more Ras molecules to plasma membrane resulting in increased Ras activity and subsequent further promotion of EMT and acquisition of invasive potential.
Changing mortality amongst hospitalised children with Severe Acute Malnutrition in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, 2009 – 2018
Authors: Ndlovu Sibusiso , David-Govender Chantal , Tinarwo Partson , Naidoo Kimesh Loganathan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe under-five mortality rates of children in South Africa (SA) remain high despite successful HIV prevention and treatment programs. The in-hospital mortality of children with severe acute malnutrition remains a key obstacle. This study identifies and describes changes in the mortality of under-five children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) following the implementation of HIV and malnutrition prevention and treatment programmes. MethodsThis was a retrospective review of in-hospital mortality records and databases. The study was based at a large referral hospital in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), where HIV and malnutrition rates are high, and SAM children are managed with standard WHO guidelines. Records of children under five years old who died from 2009 to 2018 were analysed.ResultsOf the 698 under-five children who died in this period, 285 (40,8% of all under-5 deaths) were classified as having SAM. The number of HIV-infected SAM deaths dropped significantly, especially those below six months of age, mirroring the expansion of HIV treatment and prevention programmes. Despite this and a significant drop in the proportion of SAM admissions identified, there was no change in SAM case fatality rates over the ten years. Septicaemia remained the most common cause of death in children with SAM.ConclusionsDespite significant decreases in HIV-related malnutrition deaths over ten years, the lack of change in SAM case fatality rates is a concern at this referral hospital. Standardised WHO inpatient management protocols, may require review, especially where underlying medical conditions may contribute to SAM deaths in HIV-negative children.
Effects of Treatment with Liraglutide on Health-Related Quality of Life and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in People with Obesity and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Dogan Ayse Dudu Altintas , Hess Søren , Jensen Torben Tranborg , Bladbjerg Else-Marie , Juhl Claus Bogh , Hilberg Ole 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose The rates of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obesity are increasing worldwide. Both COPD and obesity are highly associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and all three conditions are associated with reduced quality of life. Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) approved for weight loss and the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition, liraglutide has anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated the effect of treatment with liraglutide on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and OSA in people with obesity and COPD. MethodsWe designed and performed a double-blinded randomized controlled trial of obese participants with COPD from two outpatient clinics. Forty patients were randomized to a liraglutide group (3.0 mg, subcutaneous) and a placebo group, to receive treatment for 40 weeks. At baseline and the end of the medication period, the participants underwent cardiorespiratory monitoring and completed Short Form-36 version 2 (SF-36v2) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).ResultsWe diagnosed 84% of the participants with some degree of OSA. Compared to placebo, liraglutide resulted in reductions in Apnea–Hypopnea Index (AHI), Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI) and a rise in Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) in certain OSA subgroups and improved several SF-36v2 domains. ConclusionOSA is common among obese people with COPD. 40 weeks of treatment with liraglutide may improve some measures of OSA and HRQoL in obese people with COPD. Trial registrationStudy procedures were in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki after approval by the Scientific Ethics Committee of The Region of Southern Denmark (j. no S-20170147) and Eudract (j. no. 2017-003551-32). The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03466021) and monitored according to Good Clinical Practice (GCP) by the GCP Unit of Odense University Hospital (Odense, Denmark).
Can rose odor help to improve memory consolidation during sleep and retrieval? – a real-life study
Authors: Knötzele Jessica , Riemann Dieter , Frase Lukas , Feige Bernd , Elst Ludger Tebartz van , Kornmeier Jürgen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Improving our learning abilities is important for numerous aspects of our life. Several studies found beneficial effects of presenting cues (odor or sounds) during learning and during sleep for learning performance. A recent study applying a real-life paradigm indicated that additional odor cueing during a Final Test can further increase this cueing effect. The present online study builds on these findings with the following questions: (1) Can we replicate beneficial memory effects of additional odor cueing during tests? (2) How many odor cueing learning units and odor cueing nights of sleep maximize the learning success? (3) Can odor cueing also reduce the amount of forgetting over time? 160 Participants learned 40 German Japanese word pairs in four groups with separate experimental conditions over three days. group N received no odor during the whole study. Group LS received odor cueing during learning and sleep, group LT during learning and testing and group LST during learning, sleep and testing. Participants performed intermediate tests after each learning unit plus three Final Tests 1, 7 and 28 days after the last learning unit. Results: (1) Group LST learned 8.5% more vocabulary words than the other groups overall. (2) This odor cueing effect increased across the three days of cued learning. (3) We found no clear evidence for effects of odor cueing on the forgetting dynamics. Our findings support the notion of a beneficial effect of odor cueing. They further suggest to use at least 3 days and nights of odor cueing. Overall, this study indicates that there is an easy, efficient and economical way to enhance memory performance in daily life.
Insufficient weight gain under 3 years is associated with short stature in school-aged children
Authors: Koyama Satomi , Naganuma Junko , Arisaka Osamu , Yoshihara Shigemi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: If children show inadequate infant weight gain, their growth velocity will also decrease, especially £3 years of age. We hypothesized that such children may not only lead to being underweight but also short stature during childhood, and this trend will follow them through adolescence. Methods: A total of 271 children were enrolled. The Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the relationships of the increment of weight gain £3 years, from birth to 1.6 years and from 1.6 years to 3 years of age, with height and weight at 3, 7 years and pubertal age, respectively. Results: The Pearson correlation coefficients between weight gain each of from birth to 1.6 years and from 1.6 years to 3 years of age and weight at pubertal age were 0.34 and 0.37 in boys and 0.47 and 0.48 in girls, and height at pubertal age were 0.34 and 0.24 in boys and 0.65 and 0.40 in girls, respectively. Conclusions: Insufficient weight gain in children £3 years, especially £1.6 years is not only associated being underweight, but also short stature at 3 and 7 years and at the onset of puberty and it is also suspected that adult height and weight may be affected.
Acute exacerbation of subclinical idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis after radical resection of rectal carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Pan Meichen , Zhang Ji , Sun Tianying , Huang Weisheng , Tan Xiaoshan , Zhu Weiwei , Dong Hongmei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background：Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung disease of unknown etiology, which is histologically characterized by interstitial fibrosis. Acute exacerbations of IPF (AE-IPF) is a rapid and unexplained worsening of respiratory symptoms accompanied by hypoxemia, which is relatively infrequent. Herein, we report a rare, unexpected death of a patient who died of AE-IPF after radical resection of rectal carcinoma. Case presentation: A 57-year-old Chinese man experienced an uneven postoperative recovery process. The patient developed dyspnea, cyanosis, comatose, convulsion 24 hours after radical resection of rectal carcinoma. The mask oxygen inhalation, the oral trachea cannula and the nasal catheter oxygen inhalation were used to improve the patient’s symptoms. The patient died suddenly in general ward after stable condition for 24 hours. Histological and autopsy finding showed increased lung weight, diffuse pulmonary edema, medial thickening of pulmonary arteries, and thickened multifocal alveolar walls by excessive collagen and a few fibroblasts and inflammatory cells. The preoperative chest roentgenogram showed focal and reticular thickening markings in the bilateral middle and lower lobes. Conclusion: A comprehensive analysis identified AE-IPF as the cause of death after eliminating heart failure and known acute lung injury. We highlight that the physicians and forensic pathologists should keep in mind that AE-IPF might occur after non-pulmonary surgery, of which the localized interstitial pulmonary fibrosis might be symptomless and not detectable.
RRM2 and CDC6 are novel effectors of XBP1-mediated endocrine resistance and predictive markers of tamoxifen sensitivity
Authors: Barua David , Sultana Afrin , Islam Md Nahidul , Cox Fergus , Gupta Ananya , Gupta Sanjeev 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The molecular mechanisms that determine endocrine resistance in estrogen receptor α (ER)-positive breast cancer patients are poorly understood. A positive feedback loop created by the intersection between estrogen signalling and unfolded protein response (UPR) leads to increased expression of x-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) and estrogen receptor α in ER-positive breast cancer. The endocrine-resistant breast cancers have elevated expression of XBP1 where it drives endocrine resistance by controlling the expression of its target genes. Despite the in-depth understanding about the biological functions of XBP1 in ER-positive breast cancer not much is known about the effectors of endocrine resistance downstream of XBP1. Methods and Results: We generated sub-clones of MCF7 cells with deletion of XBP1 using CRISPR-Cas9 for this study. Deletion of XBP1 compromised the upregulation of UPR-target genes during conditions of endoplasmic reticulum (EnR) stress and sensitized cells to EnR stress-induced cell death. Loss of XBP1 in MCF7 cells decreased cell growth, attenuated the induction of estrogen-responsive genes and sensitized them to anti-estrogen agents. The expression of cell cycle associated genes RRM2, CDC6, and TOP2A was significantly reduced upon XBP1 deletion/inhibition in several ER-positive breast cancer cells. Expression of RRM2, CDC6, and TOP2A was upregulated upon estrogen stimulation and elevated expression was observed in cells harbouring point-mutants (Y537S, D538G) of ESR1 in the steroid free conditions. Ectopic expression of RRM2 and CDC6 increased cell growth and reversed the hypersensitivity of XBP1 KO cells towards tamoxifen. Importantly, increased expression of XBP1-gene signature was associated with poor overall and relapse free survival, and reduced efficacy of tamoxifen treatment in ER-positive breast cancer. Conclusions: Our results suggest that expression of RRM2, CDC6 and TOP2A in ER-positive breast cancer is regulated by concerted effort of both ER and XBP1. RRM2 and CDC6 contribute to endocrine resistance downstream of XBP1 in ER-positive breast cancer. XBP1-gene signature was associated with poor outcome and response to tamoxifen in ER-positive breast cancer. Taken together these results reveal mechanistic insights about the role of XBP1 in endocrine resistant breast cancer.
Changes in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness and Microcirculation Detected by Optical Coherence Tomographic Angiography in Hypertension Associated with Diabetes
Authors: Liu Jingjie , Xu Kejia , Gao Fei , Liu Juping , Li Xiaorong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundHypertension and diabetes can significantly affect the blood flow of the retina and choroid. But there has been no idea about the retinal and choroidal microcirculation of hypertensives associated with diabetes. The objective of the study is to detect the differences in the retinal and choroidal microcirculation of hypertensives, diabetics and hypertensives associated with diabetes by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and explore their clinical significance.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional and case-control study that 538 older subjects (538 eyes) were enrolled in. There were 187 cases assigned to the hypertensive group, 49 cases to the diabetic group, 129 cases to the hypertensive diabetic group, and 173 cases to the control group. OCTA were used to scan 6*6-mm macula. The related indicators included the thickness and flow density (FD) of each layer of the retina and choroid.ResultsThe retinal superficial FD (SFD) in the hypertensive, diabetic, hypertensive diabetic and control group was 46.4%, 45.3%, 46.4% and 46.4%, respectively. It was significantly lower in the diabetic group than in the other three groups (all P < 0.05) and the hypertensive diabetic group had higher SFD similar to control group. The choriocapillaris FD (CFD) was 52.8%, 52.5%, 52.8% and 53.1% in four groups, which in the hypertensive diabetic group and the other two groups decreased to the same extent compared with the control group (all P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the deep FD (DFD) was marginally higher in the control group. However, there was no statistical difference among all the groups. The SFD correlated negatively with body mass index (BMI) (β=-0.102, P = 0.0225). But there was no significant difference in the thickness of each layer among the four groups.ConclusionOCTA can accurately and efficiently predict the occurrence and early development of hypertension and diabetes in the elderly. When the microcirculation of target organs is damaged, the choriocapillaris and FD may be the primary objects for early observation. In addition, the hypertensives associated with diabetes do not develop more severe lesions than patients with single disease in the population we studied.