bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Wearing a Face Mask during the COVID-19 Pandemic on Temporomandibular Joint: A Radiological and Questionnaire Assessment
Authors: Zuhour Moath , Ismayilzade Majid , Dadacı Mehmet , Ince Bilsev 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Aim Several health problems have been reported to be triggered or facilitated by prolonged mask usage during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. While wearing a face mask, people tend to push their jaws forward and downward in a repetitive manner to hold their masks in the right position; these jaw motions may induce temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD). In this study, we aimed to investigate these repetitive jaw movements while wearing face masks and their effects on TMD.
Patients and Methods Patients who applied with TMD signs between June 2020 and May 2021 were evaluated prospectively. A survey using a questionnaire was conducted to define patients with TMD that caused only by mask-related repetitive jaw movements. Demographic data (age and gender), mean duration of daily mask usage, mask type, and magnetic resonance imaging results were recorded.
Results Prolonged daily mask usage (≥8 hours/day) was significantly higher in patients with mask-related habits (group a) with a rate of 40.4% (p ≈ 0.001). Also, in this group, the disc displacement with reduction rate (54.6%) was higher compared with other groups (p ≈ 0.010). On the contrary, patients with no underlying risk factor (group c) showed an unexpected high osteoarthritis rate (p ≈ 0.029).
Conclusions In this study, we demonstrate that correcting the position of a face mask by repetitive jaw movements can increase the occurrence of TMD. Informing individuals wearing face masks about the risk of TMD and the importance of choosing the appropriate mask size according to the face shape are important issues to be addressed in the near future.
Distal Biceps Femoris Tendon Tear in an Active-Duty Soldier: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Unangst Alicia , Tamate Trent , Bottoni Craig R. , Zhou Liang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDistal hamstring injuries and tendon ruptures are rarer than their proximal counterparts, and literature on the management of these injuries is limited. We present a case report of an active-duty soldier who sustained an intratendinous rupture isolated to the long head of the biceps femoris, as well as a summary of the available evidence on this subject matter. A combined end-to-end repair with partial tenodesis to the intact short head allowed the patient a near-full return to military duties at 5 months postoperatively. Surgery combined with diligent, supervised rehabilitation may be effective in returning patients with intratendinous distal biceps femoris tendon tears to athletic lifestyles.
Presentation of an Infant with Chromosome 18p Deletion Syndrome and Asymmetric Septal Hypertrophy
Authors: Kocaaga Ayca , Yimenicioglu Sevgi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe frequency of 18p deletion syndrome is estimated to be ∼1/50,000 live births and is more commonly associated with certain clinical features including short stature, intellectual disability, and facial dysmorphism. Physical examination of our patient revealed a short stature, intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism (microcephaly, ptosis, epicanthus, low nasal bridge, protruding ears, long philtrum, and thin lips), and clinodactyly of the fifth finger. The peripheral karyotype was 46, XX, del (18) (p11.32p11.2). DNA microarray analysis revealed a de novo 13.9-Mb deletion at 18p11.32p.11.21. Echocardiography revealed asymmetric septal hypertrophy. Congenital cardiac abnormalities are present very rarely in this syndrome. This finding suggests that one locus or loci that play a role in cardiac development is located in this chromosomal region. Although rare, cardiac hypertrophies should be kept in mind when evaluating a patient with phenotypic anomalies and genetic results compatible with an 18p deletion syndrome.
Tourism planning in the central highlands: policies and practices.
Authors: Duong Thuy T. , Pham Tuan Q. , Truong Hai Q. , Bui Huong T. , Tran Thanh D. , Phi Giang T. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

This chapter discusses the gaps between planning for sustainable tourism and the reality of resource allocation and their utilization for development. The study is based on the case of Ðak Lak province located in South-central Vietnam. The area is not only the most populous province in the Central Highland Region, it also has the highest ratio of ethnic diversity in the country; 49 out of 54 ethnic minority groups find their homes there. Regional richness in cultural resources has derived from ethnic group lifestyles in harmony with the environment of mountains, highlands, powerful rivers and waterfalls.
Marine and island tourism: stakeholder involvement in policy formulation and implementation.
Authors: Do Huong H. , Phi Giang T. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

This chapter starts with an overall evaluation of resources for marine tourism, then applies stakeholder theory and other methodological approaches to the analysis of marine tourism policy formulation and implementation. To highlight the current problems associated with marine tourism policies, two case studies on Phú Quoc and Côn Ðao islands are used to emphasize the local authority role in tourism development policy as well as the differences in the degree of openness for marine and coastal tourism development.
Human resources management practices in the tourism industry.
Authors: Hoang Thu G. , Do Huong H. , Le Andrew 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Acknowledging the necessity to help organizations deal with the challenges from within, this chapter reviews the common HR practices of businesses in the tourism industry in Vietnam, focusing on the issues related to these practices. Commencing with a brief review of the HR practices in the tourism and hospitality sector contexts, the chapter then draws an overall picture of the HR for Vietnam tourism and discusses the widespread concerns about the quantity and quality of tourism workers. Finally, based on the review of extant studies and reports concerning HR management in the tourism sector, specific recommendations are provided to the industry's key stakeholders.
When bio is not green: the impacts of bumblebee translocation and invasion on native ecosystems
Authors: Lohrmann Josefina , Cecchetto Nicolás R. , Aizen Nahuel , Arbetman, Marina P. , Zattara Eduardo E. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Adequate pollination is fundamental to optimize reproduction and yield of most flowering plants, including many staple food crops. Plants depending on insect pollination rely heavily on many wild species of solitary and social bees, and declines or absence of bees often hampers crop productivity, prompting supplementation of pollination services with managed bees. Though honeybees are the most widely deployed managed pollinators, many high-value crops are pollinated more efficiently by bumblebees (
Bombus
spp.), prompting domestication and commercial rearing of several species. This led to a blooming international trade that translocated species outside their native range, where they escaped management and invaded the ecosystems around their deployment sites. Here, we briefly review the history of bumblebee invasions and their main impacts on invaded ecosystems, and close by discussing alternatives to the use of commercially reared bumblebees to enhance crop pollination. As evidence of widespread negative effects on local ecosystems of bumblebee invasions builds up, bumblebee trade adds to the list of examples of “biological” strategies devised to solve agricultural problems that ended up being far from the “green,” eco-friendly solutions they were expected to be.
From Atherosclerosis to Myocardial Infarction: A Process-Oriented Model Investigating the Role of Risk Factors
Authors: Simonetto Cristoforo , Heier Margit , Peters Annette , Kaiser Jan Christian , Rospleszcz Susanne 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Mathematical models are able to reflect biological processes and to capture epidemiologic data. Thus, they may help elucidate roles of risk factors in disease progression. We propose to account for smoking, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in a previously published process-oriented model that describes the development of atherosclerotic lesions resulting in myocardial infarction (MI). The model is sex-specific and incorporates individual heterogeneity. It was applied to population-based individual risk factors and MI rates (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) study) together with subclinical atherosclerotic lesion data (Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) study). Different model variants were evaluated, testing the association of risk factors with different disease processes. Best fits were obtained for smoking affecting a late-stage disease process, suggesting a thrombogenic role. Hypertension was mainly related to complicated, vulnerable lesions. Dyslipidemia was consistent with increasing the number of initial lesions. By accounting for heterogeneity, individual hazard ratios differ from the population average. The mean individual hazard ratio for smoking was twice the population-based hazard ratio for men and even more for women. Atherosclerotic lesion progression and MI incidence data can be related in a mathematical model to illuminate how risk factors affect different phases of this pathological process.
Association Between Ultra-Processed Food Intake and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Taneri Petek Eylul , Wehrli Faina , Roa-Díaz Zayne M , Itodo Oche Adam , Salvador Dante , Raeisi-Dehkordi Hamidreza , Bally Lia , Minder Beatrice , Kiefte-de Jong Jessica C , Laine Jessica E , Bano Arjola , Glisic Marija , Muka Taulant 
Published: February 2022

AbstractConsumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has increased worldwide during the last decades because they are hyperpalatable, cheap, and ready-to-consume products. However, uncertainty exists about their impact on health. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the association of UPF consumption with all-cause mortality risk. Five bibliographic databases were searched for relevant studies. Random effects models were used to calculate pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Of 6,951 unique citations, 40 unique prospective cohort studies comprising 5,750,133 individuals were included; publication dates ranged from 1984 to 2021. Compared with low consumption, highest consumption of UPF (RR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.42), sugar-sweetened beverages (RR = 1.11, 95% CI, 1.04, 1.18), artificially sweetened beverages (RR = 1.14, 95% CI, 1.05, 1.22), and processed meat/red meat (RR = 1.15, 95% CI, 1.10, 1.21) were significantly associated with increased risk of mortality. However, breakfast cereals were associated with a lower mortality risk (RR = 0.85, 95% CI, 0.79, 0.92). This meta-analysis suggests that high consumption of UPF, sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, processed meat, and processed red meat might increase all-cause mortality, while breakfast cereals might decrease it. Future studies are needed to address lack of standardized methods in UPF categorization.
The anti-inflammatory properties of ethyl acetate fraction in ethanol extract from Sarcodia suiae sp. alleviates atopic dermatitis-like lesion in mice
Authors: Chen Pei-Chin , Lo Yi-Hao , Huang Shi-Ying , Liu Hsin-Lu , Yao Zhi-Kang , Chang Chi-I , Wen Zhi-Hong 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory and pruritic disease; it can be treated by inhibiting inflammation. Sarcodia suiae sp. is an edible, artificially cultivable red algae with multiple bioactivities. We assessed the anti-inflammatory activity of the ethyl acetate fraction of S. suiae sp. ethanol extract (PD1) on 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD-like lesions. Results show that PD1 alleviated symptoms and significantly decreased clinical dermatitis score. PD1 inhibited serum immunoglobulin E expression and alleviated swelling in the spleen and subiliac lymph nodes. In skin tissues, PD1 alleviated aberrant hyperplasia, decreased epidermal thickness, and decreased the accumulation of mast cells. PD1 mediated the recovery of skin barrier-related proteins, such as claudin-1 and filaggrin. Our study demonstrated that PD1 has anti-inflammatory effects, alleviates AD symptoms, inhibits inflammatory responses in skin tissues, and restores barrier function in DNCB-induced AD mice. These findings reveal that S. suiae sp. extract provides an alternative protective option against AD.
Genome-wide association studies dissect the genetic architecture of seed shape and size in common bean
Authors: Giordani Willian , Gama Henrique Castro , Chiorato Alisson Fernando , Garcia Antonio Augusto Franco , Vieira Maria Lucia Carneiro 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Seed weight and size are important yield components. Thus, selecting for large seeds has been a key objective in crop domestication and breeding. In common bean, seed shape is also important since it influences industrial processing and plays a vital role in determining the choices of consumers and farmers. In this study, we performed genome-wide association studies on a core collection of common bean accessions to dissect the genetic architecture and identify genomic regions associated with seed morphological traits related to weight, size, and shape. Phenotypic data were collected by high-throughput image-based approaches, and utilized to test associations with 10,362 single-nucleotide polymorphism markers using multilocus mixed models. We searched within genome-associated regions for candidate genes putatively involved in seed phenotypic variation. The collection exhibited high variability for the entire set of seed traits, and the Andean gene pool was found to produce larger, heavier seeds than the Mesoamerican gene pool. Strong pairwise correlations were verified for most seed traits. Genome-wide association studies identified marker–trait associations accounting for a considerable amount of phenotypic variation in length, width, projected area, perimeter, and circularity in 4 distinct genomic regions. Promising candidate genes were identified, e.g. those encoding an AT-hook motif nuclear-localized protein 8, type 2C protein phosphatases, and a protein Mei2-like 4 isoform, known to be associated with seed size and weight regulation. Moreover, the genes that were pinpointed are also good candidates for functional analysis to validate their influence on seed shape and size in common bean and other related crops.
Evolution of EU technical measures for the avoidance of unwanted catch in the light of scientific evaluation and advice from the STECF; the good, the bad, and the ugly
Authors: Kraak Sarah B M 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe EU deploys technical measures (TMs) to avoid unwanted catches—here, overquota catches and juveniles of commercial species—including gear specifications and closures. In 2012, the European Commission had asked its advisory committee, Scientific, Technical, and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF), to evaluate the TMs and provide recommendations for improvement. In 2012–2013, STECF judged that the TMs had failed to achieve their objectives and identified approaches for improvement: (1) regionalization and move away from top-down management; (2) bottom-up results-based management to internalize the costs to the resource into individual businesses; and (3) abandon threshold percentages of bycatch leading to perverse incentives. In 2014, the new EU Common Fisheries Policy came in force, with a landing obligation (LO), and regionalization. In 2019, the new TM regulation (TMR) came in force. Besides sets of regional baseline measures, the TMR allows for regional proposals for amendments and results-based bottom-up approaches (“the good”). However, the LO is not enforced, therefore, not providing the incentive for change in fishing practices; and despite avoidance strategies being available regional, innovative bottom-up practices are still rare (“the bad”). TMs still contain threshold percentages (“the ugly”). The onus for bottom-up initiatives is on the industry, although new governance structures are needed to facilitate this.
Variations and Challenges to Performing Outside Study Interpretations in Breast Imaging: A National Survey of the Society of Breast Imaging Membership
Authors: Dontchos Brian N , Dodelzon Katerina , Dogan Basak E , Sonnenblick Emily B , Destounis Stamatia , Yang Roger , Dialani Vandana , Perera Vidushani , Grimm Lars J 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective
Second-opinion interpretations of outside facility breast imaging provide value-added care but are operationally challenging for breast radiologists. Our objective was to survey members of the Society of Breast Imaging (SBI) to assess practice patterns and perceived barriers to performing outside study interpretations (OSIs).

Methods
An anonymous survey was developed by the Patient Care and Delivery Committee of the SBI and distributed via e-mail to SBI radiologist members. Survey questions included practice demographics and OSI volumes, billing practices, clinical scenarios, and imaging modalities, logistics, and barriers. Responses were aggregated and comparisons were made by univariate analysis using likelihood ratio tests, t-tests, and Spearman’s rank correlation tests as appropriate. Ordinal or nominal logistic modeling and linear regression modeling was also performed.

Results
There were 371 responses (response rate of 13%). Most respondents practice at an affiliated specialty breast care center (306/371, 83%) and said their practice performed OSIs (256/371, 69%). Academic practices reported the highest OSI volumes (median 75 per month) and were most likely to indicate increases in OSI volumes over time (100/144, 69%). The most common indication for OSI was second opinion for a biopsy recommendation (245/256, 96%). Most practices provide a final BI-RADS assessment (183/261, 70%). The most cited barrier to performing OSIs was physician time constraints (252/369, 68%).

Conclusion
Breast imaging OSI practice patterns are variable among SBI members with notable differences by practice setting and multiple barriers identified. More unified guidelines and recommendations may be needed for radiologists to better perform this valuable task.
“Doomed by the Confusion in Their Design”: Racialized Urban Space, Redlining, and Monolithic Whiteness in Paule Marshall’s Brown Girl, Brownstones
Authors: Beckett Balthazar I 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
While Paule Marshall’s novel Brown Girl, Brownstones (1959) has long been celebrated as a pivotal text in the canon of Caribbean American and African American women's literature, not enough attention has been paid to the material conditions underlying the coming-of-age story of her main protagonist, Selina Boyce. A close reading of the novel’s engagement with urban space—in particular with the changes that Brooklyn's Bedford-Stuyvesant neighborhood undergoes in the late 1930s and early 1940s—reveals not only that the text contains an astute critique of American race formation at one of its most crucial moments, namely in the context of the New Deal’s policies of redlining and white flight, but also that Marshall ought to be considered as an early, but important, voice of both critical race theory and whiteness studies.
The Diseased Body Politic of Early America in Toni Morrison’s A Mercy
Authors: Basu Srimayee 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This essay reads Toni Morrison’s A Mercy (2008) to reexamine the biopolitical role of proto-epidemiological discourse in the seventeenth-century Atlantic world. By focusing on the intersecting stories of malaise in the novel—The Great Plague of 1665 in London, smallpox outbreaks in colonial America, and disease and mass deaths on slave ships—I unpack the ways in which disease and its management played a role not only in preserving racial formations but also in producing them. Morrison’s repudiation of the notion of disease as a social equalizer forms the core of the essay’s inquiry, as I argue that materialist and historicist readings of early Atlantic world pandemics can help theorize the differential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on raced subjects. The essay also probes the interpretive possibilities of rereading medical histories by centering the narratives of Black and Indigenous women and examining the ways in which such an oppositional reading may mitigate the archival and conceptual gaps in our understanding of both disease and body normativity. Woven into these argumentative strands is a critical consideration of historical method. The essay demonstrates that Morrison’s rendering of medical history is more expansive than that of the conventional historical novel, as her attempt is not to recreate accounts of early American pandemics but rather to disrupt a linear progress narrative of Western medicine.
What drives the scatter of local star-forming galaxies in the BPT diagrams? A Machine Learning based analysis
Authors: Curti Mirko , Hayden-Pawson Connor , Maiolino Roberto , Belfiore Francesco , Mannucci Filippo , Concas Alice , Cresci Giovanni , Marconi Alessandro , Cirasuolo Michele 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
We investigate which physical properties are most predictive of the position of local star forming galaxies on the BPT diagrams, by means of different Machine Learning (ML) algorithms. Exploiting the large statistics from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we define a framework in which the deviation of star-forming galaxies from their median sequence can be described in terms of the relative variations in a variety of observational parameters. We train artificial neural networks (ANN) and random forest (RF) trees to predict whether galaxies are offset above or below the sequence (via classification), and to estimate the exact magnitude of the offset itself (via regression). We find, with high significance, that parameters primarily associated to variations in the nitrogen-over-oxygen abundance ratio (N/O) are the most predictive for the [N ii]-BPT diagram, whereas properties related to star formation (like variations in SFR or EW(H α)) perform better in the [S ii]-BPT diagram. We interpret the former as a reflection of the N/O–O/H relationship for local galaxies, while the latter as primarily tracing the variation in the effective size of the S+ emitting region, which directly impacts the [S ii] emission lines. This analysis paves the way to assess to what extent the physics shaping local BPT diagrams is also responsible for the offsets seen in high redshift galaxies or, instead, whether a different framework or even different mechanisms need to be invoked.