bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate change will redefine taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of Odonata in space and time
Authors: Cancellario Tommaso , Miranda Rafael , Baquero Enrique , Fontaneto Diego , Martínez Alejandro , Mammola Stefano 
Published: November 2022

AbstractClimate change is rearranging the mosaic of biodiversity worldwide. These broad-scale species re-distributions affect the structure and composition of communities with a ripple effect on multiple biodiversity facets. Using European Odonata, we asked: i) how climate change will redefine taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity at European scales; ii) which traits will mediate species’ response to global change; iii) whether this response will be phylogenetically conserved. Using stacked species distribution models, we forecast widespread latitudinal and altitudinal rearrangements in Odonata community composition determining broad turnovers in traits and evolutionary lineages. According to our phylogenetic regression models, only body size and flight period can be partly correlated with observed range shifts. In considering all primary facets of biodiversity, our results support the design of inclusive conservation strategies able to account for the diversity of species, the ecosystem services they provide, and the phylogenetic heritage they carry in a target ecosystem.
Stochasticity agnostic solution to the AC optimal power flow by recursive bound tightening with top‐down heuristically inducted binary decision trees
Authors: Moutis Panayiotis , Thakar Parth 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe efficient solution of the AC optimal power flow (OPF) for all cases and electrical grids is not guaranteed. Heuristics, approximations and relaxations have been proposed aplenty, each with pros and cons. This work proposes to solve the AC OPF with binary decision trees (BDTs). The solution starts with the full feasible set of an AC OPF instance, and, iteratively, BDTs tighten the constraints/bounds of that set, to improve the occurring feasible set by the median of the objective function of the preceding set. The medians of the objective function of the progressively tightened feasible sets will converge to the global optimum of the AC OPF. Recent proofs for the estimate performance of top‐down BDT learning heuristics ensure convergence of the method to the global optimum, provided the feasible set is adequately sampled for the BDT training. The recursive implementation of the method and the inductive nature of BDTs may also yield dispatches at multiple optimality levels for the same AC OPF instance, to account for stochastic resources. The performance of the proposed AC OPF solution is assessed over multiple cases by NICTA and the IEEE PES task force on benchmarks for validation of emerging power system algorithms.
Revisiting the thermal ageing on the metallised polypropylene film capacitor: from device to dielectric film
Authors: He Yushuang , Wang Feipeng , Du Guoqiang , Pan Lei , Wang Kaizheng , Gerhard Reimund , Plath Ronald , Rozga Pawel , Trnka Pavel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMetallised polypropylene film capacitors (MPPFCs) are widely used in power electronics and are generally degraded by elevated temperatures. This work aims to determine the relationships between the structural changes of MPPFC and the microstructural variations of the PP film during the thermal ageing of MPPFC at 100°C for 38 days. The capacitance of MPPFC has a slight decrease during thermal ageing. However, the breakdown voltage of the MPPFC decreases by 39.4% by the ageing. The partial discharge (PD) number of MPPFC increases linearly with ageing time. The tear‐down analysis of the MPPFC reveals that the molecular structure of the PP film has not been altered but has led to molecular chain scission and the generation of some polar fragments/groups. Meanwhile, the relative permittivity of the PP films rises as the ageing time increases. Moreover, thermal ageing causes the conversion of aluminum to alumina in the metallised electrode, which is hydrophilic for polar groups and leads to an adhesion effect between the metallised electrodes and the PP film. Contact angle measurements prove that the surface hydrophilicity of the PP sample increased after thermal ageing. Therefore, the PD/breakdown voltage in the MPPFC increases/decreases due to the uneven adhesion of the metallised PP film.
Phase‐difference measurement‐based angle of arrival estimation using long‐baseline interferometer
Authors: Doan Van‐Sang , Huynh‐The Thien , Hoang Van‐Phuc , Vesely Jiri 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article presents a direction‐finding method based on phase difference measurement for wide‐ranging applications of electronic intelligence. By including three processing steps of rotating, re‐scaling, and rounding of phase plane, the proposed method is able to obtain the actual phase shift of the longest baseline from the ambiguous phase differences measured from incoming signals with low computational cost. The method's performance is analysed and evaluated in terms of angle of arrival (AOA) estimation accuracy and probability of unambiguity by several interferometers of long baselines designed by multiple antenna elements. Consequently, an optimised array configuration of four antenna elements is taken into account to obtain high AOA estimation accuracy via several productive simulations and intensively validated with device measurement in the practical environment. Regarding the simulation of angle estimation accuracy, the proposed method remarkably outperforms two other existing methods, including second‐order difference array and correlative interferometers. In the experimental measurement, high AOA determination performance is achieved with the transmitter located around 35.5 m far from an antenna array and the small average angle estimation error of 1.86° at the direction of 20°. For various directions from −60° to 60° with the steps of 5°, the results satisfy the actual directions of the transmitter with a standard deviation of less than 0.5°.
High-redshift quasars along the main sequence
Authors: Deconto-Machado A. , del Olmo Orozco A. , Marziani P. , Perea J. , Stirpe G. M. 
Published: November 2022

Context. The 4D Eigenvector 1 empirical formalism (4DE1) and its main sequence (MS) for quasars has emerged as a powerful tool for organising the diversity among quasar populations, as several key observational measures and physical parameters are systematically changing along it.
Aims. Trends revealed by 4DE1 are very well established to explain all the diverse characteristics seen in low-redshift quasar samples. Nevertheless, the situation is far less clear when dealing with high-luminosity and high-redshift sources. Here, we aim to evaluate the behaviour of our sample of 22 quasars at high redshift (2.2 ≤ z ≤ 3.7) and high luminosity (47.39 ≤ Lbol ≤ 48.36) in the context of the 4DE1.
Methods. Our approach involves studying quasar physics through a spectroscopic exploration of UV and optical emission line diagnostics. We used new observations from the ISAAC instrument at ESO-VLT and primarily from the SDSS to cover the optical and the UV rest-frames, respectively. The emission lines were characterised both via a quantitative parametrisation of the line profiles and a decomposition of the emission line profiles using multicomponent fitting routines.
Results. We provide spectrophotometric properties and line profile measurements for Hβ+[O III]λλ4959,5007, as well as Si IVλ1397+O IV]λ1402, C IVλ1549+He IIλ1640, and the 1900 Å blend (including Al IIIλ1860, Si III]λ1892, and C III]λ1909). For six out of the 22 objects, a significantly blueshifted component on the Hβ profile is present. In 14 out of 22 cases, an Hβ outflowing component associated with [O III] is detected. The majority of [O III]λλ4959,5007 emission line profiles show blueshifted velocities higher than 250 km s−1. We find extremely broad [O III]λλ4959,5007 emission that is comparable to the width of Hβ broad profile in some highly accreting quasars. The [O III]λλ4959,5007 and C IVλ1549 blueshifts show very high amplitudes and a high degree of correlation. The line widths and shifts are correlated for both [O III]λλ4959,5007 and C IVλ1549, suggesting that emission from outflowing gas is providing a substantial broadening effect to both lines. Otherwise, the links between C IVλ1549 centroid velocity at half intensity (c(1/2)), Eddington ratio (L/LEdd), and bolometric luminosity are found to be in agreement with previous studies of high-luminosity quasars.
Conclusions. Our analysis suggests that the behaviour of quasars of very high luminosity all along the main sequence is strongly affected by powerful outflows involving a broad range of spatial scales. The main sequence correlations remain valid at high redshift and high luminosity even if a systematic increase in line width is observed. Scaling laws based on UV Al IIIλ1860 and Hβ emission lines are equally reliable estimators of MBH.
Dexmedetomidine in Psychiatry: Repurposing of its Fast-Acting
Anxiolytic, Analgesic and Sleep Modulating Properties
Authors: Bosch Oliver G. , Dornbierer Dario A. , Bavato Francesco , Quednow Boris B. , Landolt Hans-Peter , Seifritz Erich 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDrug repurposing is a strategy to identify new indications for already approved
drugs. A recent successful example in psychiatry is ketamine, an anesthetic drug
developed in the 1960s, now approved and clinically used as a fast-acting
antidepressant. Here, we describe the potential of dexmedetomidine as a
psychopharmacological repurposing candidate. This
α2-adrenoceptor agonist is approved in the US and Europe for
procedural sedation in intensive care. It has shown fast-acting inhibitory
effects on perioperative stress-related pathologies, including psychomotor
agitation, hyperalgesia, and neuroinflammatory overdrive, proving potentially
useful in clinical psychiatry. We offer an overview of the pharmacological
profile and effects of dexmedetomidine with potential utility for the treatment
of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Dexmedetomidine exerts fast-acting and robust
sedation, anxiolytic, analgesic, sleep-modulating, and anti-inflammatory
effects. Moreover, the drug prevents postoperative agitation and delirium,
possibly via neuroprotective mechanisms. While evidence in animals and humans
supports these properties, larger controlled trials in clinical samples are
generally scarce, and systematic studies with psychiatric patients do not exist.
In conclusion, dexmedetomidine is a promising candidate for an experimental
treatment targeting stress-related pathologies common in neuropsychiatric
disorders such as depression, anxiety disorders, and posttraumatic stress
disorder. First small proof-of-concept studies and then larger controlled
clinical trials are warranted in psychiatric populations to test the feasibility
and efficacy of dexmedetomidine in these conditions.
Skin-to-Skin Contact for Transferring Preterm Infants from the Delivery Room to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Is Promising Despite Moderate Heat Loss during the Procedure
Authors: Carneiro Laure , Al Sarout Safaa , Jeanneaud Carole , Clenet Nolwenn , Favrais Geraldine 
Published: November 2022

Objective The principal aim of this prospective observational study was to assess the feasibility of skin-to-skin contact (SSC) with fathers during the transfer of preterm infants from the delivery room to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in comparison with incubator transfers.
Study Design The study population comprised preterm singletons born between May and December 2019 in our maternity ward who did not require invasive ventilation. Physiological parameters (axillary temperature, heart rate, and fraction of inspired oxygen) of the newborns were recorded at prespecified steps during the transfers. The impact of the transfer mode on early blood glucose level, blood gas, and neonatal morbidities and mortality and the delay in the first SSC in the NICU and breastfeeding implementation and maintenance were also analyzed.
Results Twenty-eight preterm infants were transferred in incubators, and 29 infants were transferred using SSC. The SSC transfer induced heat loss (mean, −0.45°C; standard deviation [SD], 0.58). However, the decrease in temperature was similar to that observed during transfer in the incubator (mean, −0.30°C; SD, 0.49; p = 0.3). The transfer using SSC was not an independent factor associated with hypothermia at admission in the NICU (adjusted odds ratio, 2.6 [0.68–9.75]; p = 0.16). Neonatal morbidities and mortality were similar regardless of the transfer mode. The SSC transfer promoted early SSC in the neonatal unit (median hour [range], incubator 26 [2–126] vs SSC 13 [1–136], p = 0.03) and breastfeeding at discharge (incubator 35.7% vs SSC 69%, p = 0.01).
Conclusion The SSC transfer of preterm infants was feasible and promoted earlier SSC and breastfeeding. Nevertheless, the SSC transfer, like the transfer in the incubator, induced moderate heat losses that exacerbated hypothermia at admission in the NICU. The improvement of thermal conservation during infant positioning and the continuation of SSC in the unit could help in preventing hypothermia.
Key Points
Gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy versus surgical pyloromyotomy/pyloroplasty for refractory gastroparesis: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Aziz Muhammad , Gangwani Manesh Kumar , Haghbin Hossein , Dahiya Dushyant Singh , Sohail Amir Humza , Kamal Faisal , Lee-Smith Wade , Adler Douglas G. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Gastric per-oral endoscopic myotomy (G-POEM) has been recently compared with surgical techniques (i. e. pyloromyotomy and pyloroplasty) for managing patients with refractory gastroparesis. Given the varying results, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of available studies to assess the safety and efficacy of each technique.
Patients and methods A comprehensive review of the literature using the following databases was undertaken through July 29, 2022: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, KCI – Koran Journal index, Global Index Medicus, and Cochrane. Comparative studies including case-control, cohort and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Random effects model using DerSimonian laird approach was used to compare outcomes. Relative risk (RR) and mean difference (MD) were calculated for binary and continuous outcomes respectively.
Results A total of four studies with 385 patients (216 in the G-POEM group and 169 in the surgical group were included. The mean age was 46.9 (± 3.41) and 46.2 (± 0.86) and the female proportion was 79.6 % and 74.0 % for the G-POEM and surgery group respectively. The mean procedural time (MD: –59.47 mins, P < 0.001) and length of hospital stay (MD: –3.10 days, P < 0.001) was significantly lower for G-POEM compared to surgery. The post procedure GCSI score (MD: –0.33, P = 0.39) and reduction in GCSI score preoperatively and postoperatively (MD: 0.27, P = 0.55) was not significantly different.
Conclusions G-POEM appears promising as it may provide a cost-effective approach for managing refractory gastroparesis compared to surgical techniques. RCTs are needed to further confirm these results.
Platelet Function Testing: Update and Future Directions
Authors: Larsen Julie Brogaard , Hvas Anne-Mette , Hojbjerg Johanne Andersen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPlatelets play a key role in maintaining normal hemostasis and are also recognized as partners in the development of arterial thrombosis. Today, platelet function testing is used for very different clinical purposes; first, for investigation of platelet dysfunction in acute bleeding and diagnosis of platelet disorders in patients with long-lasting bleeding tendency, and second, for testing the efficacy of antiplatelet therapy in patients with increased thromboembolic risk. Moreover, it has been discussed whether platelet function testing can be used for prediction of bleeding risk (e.g., prior to major surgery). Ever since light transmission aggregometry was introduced, laboratories around the world have worked on testing platelet function, and during the last decades a wide range of new methods has emerged. Besides the clinical utility of platelet function testing, the present review summarizes the test principles and advantages and disadvantages of the different methods, depending on the purpose for which it is to be used. A critical step in investigation of platelet function is the preanalytical factors that can substantially affect test results. Therefore, this review also provides an overview of preanalytical variables that range from patient-related factors such as smoking, coffee, and exercise prior to blood sampling to selection of anticoagulant, needle gauge, and time from blood sampling to analyses. Finally, this review outlines further perspectives on platelet function testing for clinical practice and for research purposes.
Fetal Open Surgery for Occipital Encephalocele: First Experience in a Tertiary Public Hospital in Brazil
Authors: Caldas João Victor Jacomele , Moron Antonio Fernandes , Pares David Baptista da Silva , Cavalheiro Sérgio , Suriano Ítalo Capraro , Araujo Júnior Edward 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOccipital encephalocele is a rare neural tube defect characterized by an opening in the occipital bone, resulting in herniation of meninges and brain tissue. Current treatment consists of surgical repair in the postnatal period. The main objective of intrauterine surgery for encephalocele is to decrease/stop the progression of the brain herniation and reversal of microcephaly, contributing to better perinatal outcomes. We reported the first experience of a fetal open surgery for occipital encephalocele in a Brazilian Public Health Service. The surgery took place with gestational age of 27 + 2 weeks of pregnancy. Careful dissection was performed between the skin and the dura that herniated through the bone defect, and the redundant tissue was removed and the dura was opened for access to neural tissue. Cesarean section was indicated prematurely at 34 + 4 weeks due to significant thinning of the myometrial wall with risk of uterine rupture. The newborn was discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit at 21 days after delivery and from the hospital at 30 days in good conditions. Fetal open surgery for encephalocele is still an experimental therapy with maternal–fetal risks; however, the postnatal follow-up is critical for the assessment of the real benefits of this surgery.
Agon and Apron: hybridizing gender by “sportifying” cooking in MasterChef USA
Authors: Grindstaff Laura , Grosglik Rafi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCompetition is fundamental to American life, and sport is the cultural institution most closely linked to organized competition in the U.S. Historically, sport has been a male preserve. At the same time, the structures, practices, and iconography of sports have infiltrated a variety of social fields and institutions less obviously dominated by men—a process known as “sportification.” Reality programing is one such field. In this paper, we analyze forty episodes spanning nine seasons of the reality showMasterChef USAto explore the gendered implications of the sportification of cooking.MasterChef USAharnesses competition, metaphorized as sport, to transform (feminine) cooks into (masculine) chefs. In the language of Greek mythology, the heroism of the agon meets the mundanity of the apron. The show not only effectively “softens” sport and “hardens” cooking, it also hybridizes traditional gender difference itself as the cook-chef distinction animates and destabilizes boundaries between home and work, amateurs and professionals, the ordinary and the elevated. However, the hybridization of gender has limits and is not equally balanced between masculine and feminine poles—and the imbalance is where gender inequality resides.
Microwave absorption properties of porous activated carbon-based palm oil empty fruit bunch
Authors: Chitraningrum Nidya , Marlina Resti , Arundina Ria Yolanda , Suryani Togatorop Ester Rimma , Sulistyaningsih  , Arisesa Hana , Budiman Ismail , Daud Pamungkas , Hamzah Mohammad 
Published: November 2022

The increased growth of electronics and wireless communication systems causes the urge to find microwave absorbing materials that are lightweight, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly. In this study, we successfully synthesize activated carbon materials from the oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) as future microwave absorbing material candidates with a porous structure using different kalium hydroxide (KOH) concentrations during the activation process followed by physical carbonization at 800 °C under an inert atmosphere. The prepared porous activated carbon (PAC)-based OPEFB was characterized by several techniques, including x-ray diffraction, scanning electronic microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray analysis, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis. The microwave absorption properties of the PAC-based OPEFB were measured using one port rectangular waveguides at the X-band frequency range (from 8 to 12 GHz). A minimum reflection loss value of −32.21 dB (more than 99.9% absorption) at 10.64 GHz is obtained for the PAC-based OPEFB with 20% of KOH concentration. The SEM observations confirm the porous structure of activated carbon, and the BET analysis measures the surface area of the PAC-based OPEFB with 20% of KOH concentration of about 693.06 m2/g. The improvement of reflection loss of the PAC-based OPEFB compared to its raw materials is attributed to the better impedance matching, and multiple reflections occur in the porous structure of activated carbon. This study suggests that the PAC-based OPEFB can become a future potential material for microwave absorbers used in electronics and wireless communications devices.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access and use of health services by middle-aged and older Australians
Authors: Ivancic Lorraine , Bond Diana M. , Nassar Natasha 
Published: November 2022

Objectives To examine: the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on access to health services by middle-aged and older Australians; and the use of telehealth services during the COVID-19 pandemic and its ongoing usefulness. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among participants who completed the COVID-19 supplement in the 45 and Up Study 2020 Survey. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between socio-demographic characteristics and health conditions with missed/delayed access to health services, changes in health outcomes resulting from missed/delayed access, and use of telehealth services. Results Data for 45 071 participants were analysed (56% female, 72% aged ≥65 years). Almost half (42.2%) reported they had missed/delayed access to health care due to COVID-19; mainly for dental services (26.1%), visits to a general practitioner (GP) (16.3%) and specialists (12.6%). Missed/delayed visits to GPs and specialists were more likely among females, participants from non-English-speaking backgrounds, with disability/illness, living in outer regional/remote areas or with chronic health conditions. People with a disability or high/very high psychological distress were twice as likely to report worse health as a result of missed/delayed care. Half (48.0%) the study participants used telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic and 81.9% indicated telehealth would be useful post-pandemic. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic impacted access to healthcare services, particularly for people with a disability, and chronic or mental health issues who also reported worse health. This may account for their higher use of telehealth services as an alternate way of accessing health care. Ongoing evaluation of telehealth services for vulnerable groups post-pandemic is required.