bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smart Glasses: A New Tool for Assessing the Number of Patients in Mass-Casualty Incidents
Authors: Apiratwarakul Korakot , Cheung Lap Woon , Tiamkao Somsak , Phungoen Pariwat , Tientanopajai Kitt , Taweepworadej Wiroj , Kanarkard Wanida , Ienghong Kamonwon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroduction:Mass-casualty incidents (MCIs) are events in which many people are injured during the same period of time. This has major implications in regards to practical concerns and planning for both personnel and medical equipment. Smart glasses are modern tools that could help Emergency Medical Services (EMS) in the estimation of the number of potential patients in an MCI. However, currently there is no study regarding the advantage of employing the use of smart glasses in MCIs in Thailand.Study Objective:This study aims to compare the overall accuracy and amount of time used with smart glasses and comparing it to manual counting to assess the number of casualties from the scene.Methods:This study was a randomized controlled trial, field exercise experimental study in the EMS unit of Srinagarind Hospital, Thailand. The participants were divided into two groups (those with smart glasses and those doing manual counting). On the days of the simulation (February 25 and 26, 2022), the participants in the smart glasses group received a 30-minute training session on the use of the smart glasses. After that, both groups of participants counted the number of casualties on the simulation field independently.Results:Sixty-eight participants were examined, and in the smart glasses group, a total of 58.8% (N = 20) of the participants were male. The mean age in this group was 39.4 years old. The most experienced in the EMS smart glasses group had worked in this position for four-to-six years (44.1%). The participants in the smart glasses group had the highest scores in accurately assessing the number of casualties being between 21-30 (98.0%) compared with the manual counting group (89.2%). Additionally, the time used for assessing the number of casualties in the smart glasses group was shorter than the manual counting group in tallying the number of casualties between 11-20 (6.3 versus 11.2 seconds; P = .04) and between 21-30 (22.1 versus 44.5 seconds; P = .02).Conclusion:The use of smart glasses to assess the number of casualties in MCIs when the number of patients is between 11 and 30 is useful in terms of greater accuracy and less time being spent than with manual counting.
Cereal rye response to eight commonly used wheat herbicides
Authors: Hand Lavesta C. , Randell Taylor M. , Culpepper A. Stanley 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe tolerance of cereal rye to eight herbicides registered for use in wheat, at two rates, was evaluated for potential labeling in cereal rye to expand limited chemical weed control options. Across five site-years, halauxifen-methyl + florasulam, pyroxsulam, and thifensulfuron-methyl + tribenuron-methyl applied at a 2X rate to cereal rye at Zadoks (Z) 13 caused less than 15% injury and had no impact on cereal rye density. These herbicides at the 2X rate reduced cereal rye heights 11% at 10 days after treatment (DAT), with rye recovering by 31 DAT; cereal rye heights were not reduced with these herbicides at their 1X rate. In contrast, significant injury was observed with the 1X rate of mesosulfuron-methyl (45%), pinoxaden (27%), and pinoxaden + fenoxaprop-P-ethyl (30%) applied postemergence; early-season height was reduced 19% to 26%. Residual herbicide pyroxasulfone applied as a delayed preemergence at Z 10 and flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone applied at Z 11 caused 27% to 28% and 16% to 47% injury, respectively, when the 1X rate was activated by rainfall within 2 d of application. These residual herbicides reduced cereal rye height and density up to 35% and 40%, respectively. Cereal rye grain yield was not influenced by herbicide or rate applied.
Improving Global Weather Prediction in GFDL SHiELD Through an Upgraded GFDL Cloud Microphysics Scheme
Authors: Zhou Linjiong , Harris Lucas , Chen Jan‐Huey , Gao Kun , Guo Huan , Xiang Baoqiang , Tong Mingjing , Huff J. Jacob , Morin Matthew 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe describe the third version of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory cloud microphysics scheme (GFDL MP v3) implemented in the System for High‐resolution prediction on Earth‐to‐Local Domains (SHiELD). Compared to the GFDL MP v2, the GFDL MP v3 is entirely reorganized, optimized, and modularized into functions. The particle size distribution (PSD) of all hydrometeor categories is redefined to better mimic observations, and the cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) is calculated from the Modern‐Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA2) aerosol data. In addition, the GFDL MP has been redesigned so all processes use the redefined PSD to ensure overall consistency and easily permit the introduction of new PSDs and microphysical processes. A year's worth of global 13‐km, 10‐day weather forecasts were performed with the new GFDL MP. Compared to the GFDL MP v2, the GFDL MP v3 significantly improves SHiELD's predictions of geopotential height, air temperature, and specific humidity in the Troposphere, as well as the high, middle and total cloud fractions and the liquid water path. The predictions are improved even further by the use of reanalysis aerosol data to calculate CDNC, and also by using the more realistic PSD available in GFDL MP v3. However, the upgrade of the GFDL MP shows little impact on the precipitation prediction. Degradations caused by the new scheme are discussed and provide a guide for future GFDL MP development.
Combining Deep Learning With Physics Based Features in Explosion‐Earthquake Discrimination
Authors: Kong Qingkai , Wang Ruijia , Walter William R. , Pyle Moira , Koper Keith , Schmandt Brandon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper combines the power of deep‐learning with the generalizability of physics‐based features, to present an advanced method for seismic discrimination between earthquakes and explosions. The proposed method contains two branches: a deep learning branch operating directly on seismic waveforms or spectrograms, and a second branch operating on physics‐based parametric features. These features are high‐frequency P/S amplitude ratios and the difference between local magnitude (ML) and coda duration magnitude (MC). The combination achieves better generalization performance when applied to new regions than models that are developed solely with deep learning. We also examined which parts of the waveform data dominate deep learning decisions (i.e., via Grad‐CAM). Such visualization provides a window into the black‐box nature of the machine‐learning models and offers new insight into how the deep learning derived models use data to make decisions.
Hydroacoustic Monitoring of Seafloor Spreading and Transform Faulting in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Parnell‐Turner R. , Smith D. K. , Dziak R. P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSeismicity along mid‐ocean ridges and oceanic transform faults provides insights into the processes of crustal accretion and strike‐slip deformation. In the equatorial Atlantic ocean, the slow‐spreading Mid‐Atlantic Ridge is offset by some of the longest‐offset transform faults on Earth, which remain relatively poorly understood due to its remote location far from land‐based teleseismic receivers. A catalog of T‐phase events detected by an array of 10 autonomous hydrophones deployed between 2011 and 2015, extending from 20°N to 10°S is presented. The final catalog of 6,843 events has a magnitude of completeness of 3.3, compared to 4.4 for the International Seismic Center teleseismic catalog covering the same region, and allows investigation of the dual processes of crustal accretion and transform fault slip. The seismicity rate observed at asymmetric spreading segments (those hosting detachment faults) is significantly higher than that of symmetric spreading centers, and 74% of known hydrothermal vents along the equatorial Mid‐Atlantic Ridge occur on asymmetric spreading segments. Aseismic patches are present on nearly all equatorial Atlantic transform faults, including on the Romanche transform where regional rotation and transpression could explain both bathymetric uplift and reduction in seismic activity. The observed patterns in seismicity provide insight into the thermal and mechanical structure of the ridge axis and associated transform faults, and potentially provide a method for investigating the distribution of hydrothermal vent systems.
Control of Short‐Stature Vegetation Type on Shallow Ground Temperatures in Permafrost Across the Eastern Canadian Arctic
Authors: Evans Sarah G. , Raberg Jonathan H. , Crump Sarah E. , Raynolds Martha K. , Sugg Margaret M. , Brodie Alexander R. , Miller Gifford H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Arctic has warmed three times the rate of the global average, resulting in extensive thaw of perennially frozen ground known as permafrost. While it is well understood that permafrost thaw will continue and likely accelerate, thaw rates are nonuniform due, in part, to the expansion of Arctic trees and tall shrubs that may increase ground temperatures. However, in permafrost regions with short‐stature vegetation (height < 40 cm), our understanding of how ground temperature regimes vary by vegetation type is limited as these sites are generally found in remote high‐latitude regions that lack in situ ground temperature measurements. This study aims to overcome this limitation by leveraging in situ shallow ground temperatures, remote sensing observations, and topographic parameters across 22 sites with varying types of short‐stature vegetation on Baffin Island, Canada, a remote region underlain by rapidly warming continuous permafrost. Results suggest that the type of short‐stature vegetation does not necessarily correspond to a distinct shallow ground temperature regime. Instead, in permafrost regions with short‐stature vegetation, factors that control snow duration, such as microtopography, may have a larger effect on evolving ground temperature regimes and thus permafrost vulnerability. These findings suggest that anticipating permafrost thaw in regions of short‐stature vegetation may be more nuanced than previously suggested.
LncRNA TMPO-AS1 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by forming biomolecular condensates with FUS and p300 to regulate TMPO transcription
Authors: Luo Xiao-Jing , He Ming-Ming , Liu Jia , Zheng Jia-Bo , Wu Qi-Nian , Chen Yan-Xing , Meng Qi , Luo Kong-Jia , Chen Dong-Liang , Xu Rui-Hua , Zeng Zhao-Lei , Liu Ze-Xian , Luo Hui-Yan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most life- and health-threatening malignant diseases worldwide, especially in China. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of tumorigenesis and tumor progression. However, the roles and mechanisms of lncRNAs in ESCC require further exploration. Here, in combination with a small interfering RNA (siRNA) library targeting specific lncRNAs, we performed MTS and Transwell assays to screen functional lncRNAs that were overexpressed in ESCC. TMPO-AS1 expression was significantly upregulated in ESCC tumor samples, with higher TMPO-AS1 expression positively correlated with shorter overall survival times. In vitro and in vivo functional experiments revealed that TMPO-AS1 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of ESCC cells. Mechanistically, TMPO-AS1 bound to fused in sarcoma (FUS) and recruited p300 to the TMPO promoter, forming biomolecular condensates in situ to activate TMPO transcription in cis by increasing the acetylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27ac). Targeting TMPO-AS1 led to impaired ESCC tumor growth in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. We found that TMPO-AS1 is required for cell proliferation and metastasis in ESCC by promoting the expression of TMPO, and both TMPO-AS1 and TMPO might be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in ESCC.
High-throughput total RNA sequencing in single cells using VASA-seq
Authors: Salmen Fredrik , De Jonghe Joachim , Kaminski Tomasz S. , Alemany Anna , Parada Guillermo E. , Verity-Legg Joe , Yanagida Ayaka , Kohler Timo N. , Battich Nicholas , van den Brekel Floris , Ellermann Anna L. , Arias Alfonso Martinez , Nichols Jennifer , Hemberg Martin , Hollfelder Florian , van Oudenaarden Alexander 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMost methods for single-cell transcriptome sequencing amplify the termini of polyadenylated transcripts, capturing only a small fraction of the total cellular transcriptome. This precludes the detection of many long non-coding, short non-coding and non-polyadenylated protein-coding transcripts and hinders alternative splicing analysis. We, therefore, developed VASA-seq to detect the total transcriptome in single cells, which is enabled by fragmenting and tailing all RNA molecules subsequent to cell lysis. The method is compatible with both plate-based formats and droplet microfluidics. We applied VASA-seq to more than 30,000 single cells in the developing mouse embryo during gastrulation and early organogenesis. Analyzing the dynamics of the total single-cell transcriptome, we discovered cell type markers, many based on non-coding RNA, and performed in vivo cell cycle analysis via detection of non-polyadenylated histone genes. RNA velocity characterization was improved, accurately retracing blood maturation trajectories. Moreover, our VASA-seq data provide a comprehensive analysis of alternative splicing during mammalian development, which highlighted substantial rearrangements during blood development and heart morphogenesis.
Microseismic energy distribution and impact risk analysis of complex heterogeneous spatial evolution of extra-thick layered strata
Authors: Lai Xingping , Jia Chong , Cui Feng , Chen Jianqiang , Zhou Yupu , Feng Ganggui , Gao Yuanjiang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the process of deep mining of coal resources, coal seams with better geological conditions are gradually mined preferentially, and the safe and efficient mining of working face in complex and heterogeneous spaces of residual coal seams is an urgent problem to be solved.. Based on the Kuangou Coal Mine as the background, using microseismic monitoring instruments and pressure sensor monitoring systems, the rock pressure appearance and microseismic energy characteristics accompanying the evolution of the overburden strata structure in the mining of solid coal and the lower working face of the gob are analyzed. Research on the precursory characteristics and early warning of micro-earthquakes. The research results show that: (1) The period of the W1123 working face mining under solid coal is relatively frequent, and the energy of microseismic events is higher than that under the mined-out area. However, the overlying rock structure under the gob is loose, broken and easy to move, showing obvious "high frequency-low energy" characteristics. (2) Extremely low values of the number and energy of microseismic events occurrs in the first 3 to 5 days of the rockburst event in the working face, and the locations of the rockburst disaster in the mine were generally distributed at the edge of the low-density area of the microseismic event. The accuracy of rockburst prediction is effectively improved through multi-parameter comprehensive early warning. (3) Roof deep hole blasting and roof cutting pressure relief weaken the roof energy accumulation and the concentrated release of rock formation energy, reduce the roof activity intensity in the microseismic event gathering area, and reduce the occurrence of large-energy events, which will easily induce large shock hazards. The energy event weakens into a slow release of multiple small energy events. This research provides a reference for the safe and efficient mining of working faces in complex space environment.
Decoding microRNA drivers in atherosclerosis
Authors: Vartak Tanwi , Kumaresan Soundharya , Brennan Eoin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn estimated 97% of the human genome consists of non-protein-coding sequences. As our understanding of genome regulation improves, this has led to the characterization of a diverse array of non-coding RNAs (ncRNA). Among these, micro-RNAs (miRNAs) belong to the short ncRNA class (22–25 nucleotides in length), with approximately 2500 miRNA genes encoded within the human genome. From a therapeutic perspective, there is interest in exploiting miRNA as biomarkers of disease progression and response to treatments, as well as miRNA mimics/repressors as novel medicines. miRNA have emerged as an important class of RNA master regulators with important roles identified in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis is characterized by a chronic inflammatory build-up, driven largely by low-density lipoprotein cholesterol accumulation within the artery wall and vascular injury, including endothelial dysfunction, leukocyte recruitment and vascular remodelling. Conventional therapy focuses on lifestyle interventions, blood pressure-lowering medications, high-intensity statin therapy and antiplatelet agents. However, a significant proportion of patients remain at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This continued cardiovascular risk is referred to as residual risk. Hence, a new drug class targeting atherosclerosis could synergise with existing therapies to optimise outcomes. Here, we review our current understanding of the role of ncRNA, with a focus on miRNA, in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, highlighting novel biological mechanisms and therapeutic avenues.
Evaluating the Efficacy of a Smartphone App for Tinnitus Relief Using Behavioral and Brain Imaging Measures
Authors: Husain Fatima T. , Khan Rafay A. , Tai Yihsin , Shahsavarani Somayeh 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
In this exploratory, open-label study, we used behavioral and brain imaging measures to assess the effectiveness of a smartphone application (ReSound Relief app), which aims to help reduce tinnitus-related distress.

Method:
Fourteen participants with a wide range of tinnitus-related symptoms and who were not currently undergoing any external treatment participated. They completed the 6-month study and reported different levels of engagement with the app.

Results:

Across a range of tinnitus questionnaires, most participants showed either no change or decrease in tinnitus handicap. Resting-state and task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected at baseline and the end of the study. Resting-state fMRI of 12 participants revealed alterations in interregional connectivity of default mode, salience, emotion, auditory, and visual processing networks at the end of the intervention period compared to baseline. Ratings of affective sounds (as pleasant, neutral, or unpleasant) were assessed using fMRI, and comparison after 6 months of app usage revealed reduced activity in the left superior temporal gyrus (secondary auditory cortex), right superior occipital gyrus, and left posterior cingulate cortex. Our findings were not significant at a false discovery rate level of
p
< .05.

Conclusions:
The reported changes were not significant, possibly due to the small sample size, heterogeneity of the tinnitus handicap among subjects at the start of the project, and the length of the intervention period. Nevertheless, this study underscores the ease of usage of the app and the potential use of brain imaging to assess changes due to a passive, self-administered intervention for individuals with varying levels of tinnitus severity.
Inequity in Peer Review in Communication Sciences and Disorders
Authors: Girolamo Teresa M. , Castro Nichol , Fannin Danai Kasambira , Ghali Samantha , Mandulak Kerry 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) has committed to advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) by retaining and advancing Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) individuals in the discipline of communication sciences and disorders (CSD), amid critical shortages of faculty to train the next generation of practitioners and researchers. Publishing research is central to the recruitment, retention, and advancement of faculty. However, inequity in peer review may systematically target BIPOC scholars, adding yet another barrier to their success as faculty. This viewpoint article addresses the challenge of inequity in peer review and provides some practical strategies for developing equitable peer-review practices. First, we describe the demographics of ASHA constituents, including those holding research doctorates, who would typically be involved in peer review. Next, we explore the peer-review process, describing how inequity in peer review may adversely impact BIPOC authors or research with BIPOC communities. Finally, we offer real-world examples of and a framework for equitable peer review.Conclusions:Inequity at the individual and systemic levels in peer review can harm BIPOC CSD authors. Such inequity has effects not limited to peer review itself and exerts long-term adverse effects on the recruitment, retention, and advancement of BIPOC faculty in CSD. To uphold ASHA's commitment to DEI and to move the discipline of CSD forward, it is imperative to build equity into the editorial structure for publishing, the composition of editorial boards, and journals content. While we focus on inequity in CSD, these issues are relevant to other disciplines.
An intelligent sliding mode control for stabilization of parallel converters feeding CPLs in DC‐microgrid
Authors: Mosayebi Mahdi , Gheisarnejad Meysam , Khooban Mohammad Hassan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe constant power loads (CPLs) threaten the stability of the DC microgrids (DCMGs) due to the negative impedance characteristic, which leads to voltage oscillations or a blackout in the DCMG. This paper proposes a new droop control for paralleled DC–DC converters feeding CPLs in the DCMG to improve the stability of the whole system. In this approach, an optimization droop gain is conducted for each converter to guarantee current sharing among paralleled converters. Furthermore, an intelligent single input interval type‐II fuzzy logic controller (SIT2‐FLC) is developed in a model‐free framework to further ameliorate the current sharing and voltage regulation in the DCMG when supplying the CPLs. An extended‐state observer (ESO) is adopted in the model‐free controller to estimate the unmodelled dynamics in the DC‐DC converters feeding CPLs. Since an estimation observer error often appears in the presence of uncertainties, a sliding mode control (SMC) technique is proposed to remove the estimation error and enhance the system stability. The studied DCMG is developed in hardware‐in‐the‐loop (HIL) with various levels of CPL's power to verify the applicability of the suggested mode‐free intelligent controller.