bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La contemplation de l’homme dans sa relation avec la nature ?
Authors: Schramm Manuel 
Published: September 2022

Bien que les atlas scolaires n’aient pas été une invention nouvelle au XIXe siècle, leur nombre a augmenté de façon spectaculaire, surtout dans la deuxième moitié du siècle. Certes, une des raisons était l’augmentation du nombre d’écoles et d’étudiants, mais ce ne fut pas la cause principale. En réalité, à la fin du XVIIIe et au début du milieu du XIXe siècle, les atlas étaient rarement utilisés dans l’enseignement de la géographie. Les principaux moyens d’enseignement étaient les manuels ou livres scolaires qui consistaient généralement en une collection de faits géographiques, organisés par pays. La relation entre les manuels scolaires et les atlas variait. Bien que certains auteurs de livres scolaires aient recommandé l’utilisation de cartes ou d’atlas, d’autres n’ont pas considéré que cela était nécessaire. En fait, les manuels scolaires comportaient un ordre de connaissance géographique différent par rapport aux atlas scolaires. Ils donnaient la priorité à la géographie politique sur la géographie physique et visaient à donner un aperçu complet de la géographie physique et politique, couvrant le monde entier. En revanche, les atlas de l’école allemande les plus réussis tels que le « Sydow », publié par Perthes, ou le « Liechtenstern-Lange » (Westermann) ont essayé, dans les années 1840 et 1850, de réduire le contenu enseigné dans les écoles et ont valorisé la géographie physique (par exemple, par l’utilisation de la couleur ou des hachures) par rapport aux unités administratives. La mémorisation devait être remplacée par la réflexion personnelle. L’atlas n’était donc pas seulement un moyen de visualisation, mais aussi une tentative de changer l’ordre du savoir géographique, excluant ou rétrogradant certains de ses contenus précédents. Les réformateurs ont réussi à changer la géographie en tant que sujet et à promouvoir l’utilisation des atlas, mais ils ont échoué dans leur attaque contre l’apprentissage par cœur.
Remineralization of Dentine Caries Using Moringa Oleifera Based Nano-Silver Fluoride
Authors: Kadhem Duaa Jawad , Al Haidar Aseel Haidar M.J. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Dental caries is one of the most common chronic childhood diseases, and many decayed teeth remain untreated in underdeveloped and developing countries. This clinical trial aimed to evaluate the remineralization effect of Moringa oleifera-based nano-silver fluoride (NSF) on deciduous dentin caries

Materials and Method:
This study was a randomized, single-blinded clinical trial. A total of 138 teeth with carious lesions belonging to 83 children were selected and randomly assigned into three groups. Clinical evaluation was performed at 1 and 3 months after intervention.

Results:
The percentage of arrested caries within the groups were 86%, 42%, and 37% for NSF, MI varnish (GC, Japan), and FluoroDose varnish groups (Centrix Inc, USA), respectively. Results of 1 and 3 months follow-up period were same. Statistically significant difference was found between study groups (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The present study showed that M. oleifera-based NSF could be used for arresting dental caries when applied directly to the carious lesion.
Assessment of the Shear Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Fresh Amalgam Using Different Adhesion Protocols
Authors: Jasim Haider Hasan , Gholam Mohammed K. , Shukri Biland MS. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effect of using three adhesive systems on the shear bond strength between composite resin and fresh amalgam.

Materials and Methods:
Amalgam samples were assigned into three groups according to the adhesive systems being used prior to the composite resin application. Group A (n = 10): universal self-etch bonding system (Single Bond Universal Adhesive, 3M, Neuss, Germany) was applied and light cured. Group B (n = 10): universal self-etch bonding was applied and light cured, followed by a thin layer of nanohybrid flowable composite (Tetric N-Flow, Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein), then light cured. Group C (n = 10): self-adhesive dual-cure luting resin cement (Calibra Universal, Dentsply Sirona, Charlotte, NC) was applied in equal quantity for each sample over amalgam surface. Composite resin was then applied by plastic instrument in a single increment to the height of the hole (2 mm), then celluloid strip was placed and light cured. After thermocycling, a shear bond test was performed.

Results:
Resin luting cement interface showed the higher significant bond strength, followed by universal bonding agent − flowable composite interface. The universal bonding interface group yielded the lowest results.

Conclusion:
The application of self-adhesive dual-cure luting resin cement resulted in significant increase in bond strength between composite resin and fresh amalgam.
Analysis of Hysterectomy Trends in the Last 5 Years at a Tertiary Center
Authors: Kantarci Sercan , İnan Abdurrahman Hamdi , Töz Emrah , Bolukbasi Mehmet , Kanmaz Ahkam Göksel 
Published: September 2022

Objectives:
This study aimed to assess trends by evaluating the types and complications of hysterectomies performed for benign gynecological reasons at our clinic, which is one of the largest hospitals in Turkey.

Materials and Methods:
Hysterectomies performed for benign reasons at our gynecology and obstetrics clinic between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2020 were retrospectively reviewed and included in the analysis. Of the 4288 patients who had undergone hysterectomy, 888 patients were excluded some reasons. The data of the remaining 3400 patients were analyzed.

Results:
For the 3400 patients, the hysterectomy methods performed were as follows: Total Abdominal Hysterectomy (TAH (60%, n = 2055), Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy (TLH), (27%, n = 948), Vaginal Hysterectomy (VH), (8.9%, n = 302), Conversion from laparoscopy to laparotomy (L / S > LT). (1.4%, n = 49), Robotic hysterectomy (RH), (1%, n = 33), and Subtotal hysterectomy (SH), (0.4%, n = 13). The length of hospital stay was statistically significantly lower in the TLH group than in the TAH group (P < 0.05). A statistically significant and moderate correlation was noted between the length of hospital stay and the duration of operation (r: 0.68 P = 0.00).

Conclusion:
The ratio of TLH group among hysterectomy modalities has increased over the years. There are many factors that affect the surgeon’s decision in determining the hysterectomy method.TLH is the first option in patients who are not suitable for vaginal hysterectomy.
Comparison of the effects of vitamin C and thiamine on refractory hypotension in patients with sepsis
Authors: Nandhini N , Malviya Deepak , Parashar Samiksha , Pandey Chandrakant , Nath Soumya Sankar , Tripathi Manoj 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The study aimed to compare the effect of thiamine and ascorbic acid (AA) on mortality, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, duration and dose of vasopressor support, and need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) in patients with septic shock with refractory hypotension.

Methods:
Consenting adult patients with septic shock and refractory hypotension were included in this study. Patients were divided into three groups: Group A received 100 ml of balanced salt solution 8 hourly, Group B received 2 mg/kg of thiamine 8 hourly, Group C received 25 mg/kg of AA 8 hourly intravenous (IV) for 72 h. All patients received IV infusion of hydrocortisone 200 mg/day for 72 h. Serum lactate, dose and duration of vasopressor support, SOFA score, need for RRT and hospital mortality were analyzed.

Results:
The SOFA Score was significantly lower in Group B than in Group A and C at 24, 48, and 72 h. Dosage of norepinephrine was lower in Group B at 66 h and after that, whereas in Groups A and C, it was comparable at all time points. Mortality in Group B was significantly lower but comparable in Groups A and C. The need for RRT was significantly lower in Group B (44%) compared to the control group (88%) but comparable in Group C (76%).

Conclusion:
In patients with septic shock treated with hydrocortisone, co-treatment with thiamine led to earlier correction of organ dysfunction, reduced need for RRT, and improved mortality compared to patients treated with AA or balanced salt solution. The addition of AA did not yield measurable benefits beyond hydrocortisone alone.
The potential effect of iopamidol contrast on renal function in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus
Authors: Tersakyan Sarven , Chappidi Monica , Patel Ankit , Hainsworth Kenneth , Alshoubi Abdalhai 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Many types of computed tomography (CT) scans require the use of contrast. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a known adverse effect of intravenous contrast administration. To our knowledge, the effects of low-osmolar contrast agents such as iopamidol on renal function in patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus have never been studied. This study investigates the incidence of AKI following iopamidol contrast administration in patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study included two groups: patients who received CT pulmonary angiography who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus and those who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. Data were collected from the electronic medical record of a single hospital from January 1, 2020, to September 15, 2020. AKI was defined using the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes definition: increase in serum creatinine by ≥0.3 mg/dL (≥26.5 mcmol/L) within 48 h, or increase in serum creatinine to ≥1.5 times baseline, which is known or presumed to have occurred within the prior 7 days, or urine volume <0.5 mL/kg/h for 6 h.

Results:
AKI occurred in 13.51% of patients in the SARS-CoV-2 positive group and 16.92% of patients in the negative group. Using a two-sample test to compare the equality of proportions (with continuity correction factor), we found there is no significant difference in the two proportions (P = 0.3735).

Conclusion:
There was no significant difference in the incidence of AKI between SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative groups. Given the limitations of this study, further work must be done on this topic.
Dimensional Accuracy of Medical Models of the Skull Produced by Three-Dimensional Printing Technology by Advanced Morphometric Analysis
Authors: Aristotle Sharmila , Patil Shantanu , Jayakumar Saikarthik 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Three-dimensional (3D) printing creates a design of an object using software, and the process involves by converting the digital files with a 3D data using the computer-aided design into a physical model. The aim of the study was to investigate the accuracy of human printed 3D skull models from computed tomography (CT) scan data via a desktop 3D printer, which uses fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology.

Material and Methods:
Human anatomical cadaver skulls were CT scanned in 128-slice CT scanner with a slice thickness of 0.625 mm. The obtained digital imaging and communications in medicine files were converted to 3D standard tessellation language (STL) format by using MIMICS v10.0 software (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) program. The 3D skull model was printed using a Creatbot DX desktop 3D FDM printer. The skull model was fabricated using polylactic acid filament with the nozzle diameter of 0.4 mm and the resolution of the machine was maintained at 0.05 mm. The accuracy was estimated by comparing the morphometric parameters measured in the 3D-printed skull with that of cadaver skull and with CT images to ensure high accuracy of the printed skull. Fourteen morphometric parameters were measured in base and cranial fossa of the skull based on its surgical importance.

Results:
Analysis of measurements by inferential statistical analysis of variance for all three groups showed that the 3D skull models were highly accurate. Reliability was established by interobserver correlation for measurements on cadaver skull and the 3D skulls. Dimensional error was calculated, which showed that the errors between three groups were minimal and the skulls were highly reproducible.

Discussion and Conclusion:
The current research concludes that a 3D desktop printer using FDM technology can be used to obtain accurate and reliable anatomical models with negligible dimensional error.
Description of an Atypical Vascular Arch in the Renal Parenchyma
Authors: Barrios Alberto Garcia , Cisneros Gimeno Ana Isabel , Nogue Jesus Obon , Orozco Jaime Whyte 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Variability in renal vascularization occurs with a frequency of around 30%. During the routine dissection of one cadaver without renal pathology, we revealed the presence of one.

Material and Methods:
Dissection of a cadaver carried out in the practicing room of School of Medicine. Results: During the routine dissection of one cadaver without renal pathology, we revealed the presence of an early bifurcation of the renal artery on the left side, and the presence of two polar arteries – superior and inferior -, the latter presenting an anterior and posterior vascular arch to the renal pelvis in the parenchyma, which anastomoses the pre- and retro-pyelic branches of the renal artery with the pre- and retro-pyelic branches of the inferior accessory polar artery. In addition, the presence of an accessory polar artery was observed in the right kidney.

Discussion and Conclusion:
For vascular surgeons, knowledge of this anatomical variation is of real clinical relevance in cases such as fenestrated endografting in order to preserve the function of the entire kidney.
Should We Focus More on Teaching and Training Disaster Management in Health-care Colleges? An Insight into the Students' Knowledge, Attitude, and Readiness to Practice
Authors: Li Shi , Gillani Ali Hassan , Ibrahim Mohamed Mohamed Izham Mohamed , Omer Sumaira , Fang Yu 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The critical aspects of risk management for students are providing knowledge, building positive attitudes, and readiness to practice. Our study aimed to assess Chinese health-care university students' knowledge (K), attitude (A), and readiness to practice (rP) regarding disaster medicine and preparedness.

Materials and Methods:
A survey was carried out using a self-administered disaster medicine and preparedness questionnaire. Three main outcome measures were K (22 items), A (16 items), and rP (11 items). Responses were scored and classified as high, moderate, and low. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed for data analysis.

Results:
A total of 769 valid questionnaires were collected. The associations between K, A, and rP scores was significant, i.e., K–A scores (r = 0.449, P = 0.000), K–rP scores (r = 0.312, P = 0.000), and A–rP scores (r = 0.656, P = 0.000). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated direct low-to-moderate effects of gender, age, attitude, and knowledge on readiness to practice (R
2 = 0.198; P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The study discovered that most of the students had a moderate level of knowledge, moderate level of attitude, high level of readiness to practice, and a moderate level of total KArP. K, A, and rP were significantly correlated, and K and A were predictors for rP among the health-care students. The findings indicate the importance of health-care colleges for building students' knowledge, attitudes, and readiness to practice disaster medicine and preparedness before joining the profession.
In Silico and In Vitro Investigation of Anti Helicobacter Activity of Selected Phytochemicals
Authors: Al Tawalbeh Deniz , Aburjai Talal , Al Balas Qosay , Al Samydai Ali 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

Helicobacter pylori is Gram-negative helical bacteria that inhibit stomach mucosal lining and establish infection. Urease enzyme was confirmed to be pivotal target in which its suppression will prompt bacteria treatment and eradication.

Methods:
Series of naturally bioactive compounds were selected based on ethnobotanical and molecular modeling techniques with potential urease inhibitory effect. The selected phytochemical compounds were in-silico and in-vitro assayed against urease enzyme, minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and a synergistic effect was studied and cultured specifically for H. pylori.

Results:
Terpineol was considered as the most active compound with an IC50 of 1.443 μg/ml (R
2 = 0.9374). The synergistic effect of terpineol and metronidazole indicated a possible additive effect (fractional inhibitory concentration result is 0.78) with improvement of MIC results for both terpineol and metronidazole.

Conclusion:
This study suggests that terpineol is best to be considered as a lead compound for H. pylori infection treatment and could be a potent inhibitor when combined with metronidazole targeting urease enzyme.
Relationships between the indices of innate immunity in sepsis depend on clinical outcomes
Authors: Savochkina A. Yu. , Poltorak A. E. , Nikushkina K. V. , Zotova M. A. 
Published: September 2022

At the present time, sepsis is primarily considered a disorder of the immune system caused by dominant infection, manifesting with individual response reaction of the host organism. Hence, sepsis should not be classified as a distinct pro- or anti-inflammatory syndrome, but rather as a variable continuum of overlapping immune mechanisms. The role of innate immunity in sepsis is probably the leading one, since it exerts an early and nonspecific response to any foreign agent. The nature of appropriate relationships may determine current state of the immune system. To perform a deeper study of the anti-infectious protective mechanisms, we have evaluated the relationships between the immunological parameters of peripheral blood in patients with sepsis, depending on the outcome of the disease. Total number of leukocytes, and neutrophils was determined in whole peripheral blood of the patients with sepsis, along with calculation of leukocyte counts and numbers of neutrophil extracellular traps. Serum levels of procalcitonin, peptidyl-arginine deiminase 4, and cytokines were studied by ELISA assay. To study the relationship between the indices of innate immunity, we used correlation analysis, which was carried out by the Spearman rank criterion. When conducting the statistical analysis, strong correlations between the immunological parameters of peripheral blood in patients with sepsis were not revealed, regardless of the outcome of the disease. In cases of favorable outcome, 10 relationships were identified, with an unfavorable outcome, 7 relationships were registered. All the relationships were of medium strength. Regardless of clinical outcome of sepsis, the significant relationships were established between the number of leukocytes and the level of neutrophil extracellular traps; positive relationships were also found between pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 IL-6, TNF IL-18. However, these relationships were significant in cases with favorable outcome, while becoming weaker and losing their significance for the group with lethal outcomes.
Among the revealed relationships, the most interesting finding was an association between favorable outcome of sepsis with IL-10 contents, which is an anti-inflammatory cytokine coordinating the innate immune response. In lethal outcomes, such relationship with IL-10 was not revealed. IL-10, a cytokine with anti-inflammatory properties may limit the immune response to pathogens and, thus, potentially prevent damage to the host. Therefore, the relationship between IL-10 and other immunological parameters of peripheral blood in sepsis may affect the outcome of this condition.
Pengaruh Perceived Value dan Trust terhadap Loyalitas Nasabah Asuransi Syariah Prudential
Authors: Imsar Imsar , Nasution Juliana , Hafni Laila 
Published: September 2022

According to Islamic law, Islamic insurance is an effort to protect each other and help between many people and parties through investment or assets, or among many people and parties through investment in the form of assets or tabarru'. Risk through contract (contract). This study aims to determine the effect of perceived value and trust on the loyalty of Prudential Islamic insurance customers, both in part and in general. The method used in this research is the quantitative method. The survey data was obtained from the survey by searching for the sample using the Slovin method. Survey was conducted on 83 customers of PT Prudential Life Assurance Syariah Division Tebing Tinggi. Questionnaire using hypothesis testing using SPSS software version 25 and using linear data using multiple linear regression analysis. The result of this research is that the variables of perception, perceived value and trust, have a positive and significant effect on loyalty. Second, the variable iperceived value also has a positive and significant effect on loyalty, and the itrust variable also has a positive and significant impact on the loyalty of Prudential Islamic insurance customers.
Kata kunci : Perceived Value, Trust, Loyalty, Sharia Insurance
PENGARUH EKUITAS MEREK DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN TEH BOTOL SOSRO DI REGIONAL SURABAYA TIMUR
Authors: Ariamanda Sandi Ariamanda , Kusuma Wardani Nuruni Ika 
Published: September 2022

Di era globalisasi dimana arus teknologi dan data informasi berkembang sangat pesat saat ini, industri minuman teh dalam kemasan terus mengalami pertumbuhan pangsa pasar yang semakin meningkat dari waktu ke waktu. Sehingga produsen harus lebih inovatif dalam hal branding, promosi dan persaingan harga sehingga tercipta persaingan pasar yang ideal dan menghasilkan kemampuan pangsa pasar yang aktif dalam mendukung aspek perekonomian Indonesia. Tidak hanya itu, budaya atau kebiasaan masyarakat Indonesia dalam mengonsumsi teh ini sudah populer secara turun-temurun. Maka tidak salah jika permintaan pasar dan produktivitas air teh dalam kemasan diminati oleh masyarakat Indonesia, salah satunya adalah Teh Botol Sosro. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ekuitas merek dan promosi terhadap daya beli teh Botolsosro di wilayah Surabaya. Penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah komunitas yang berada di Surabaya sebanyak 90 responden dan dianalisis menggunakan Partial Least Square (PLS). Mekanisme yang digunakan adalah Non Probability Sampling dengan menggunakan metode sample purposive sampling. Dari kegiatan pengujian informasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara ekuitas merek, promosi dan keputusan pembelian Teh Botol Sosro di wilayah Surabaya. Katakunci: Ekuitas Merek, Promosi, Kepuasan Pelanggan, Keputusan Pembelian
Joking at the Limits of Protest in Chester Himes’s If He Hollers Let Him Go
Authors: Millan Diego A. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
This article takes up the centrality of jokes in Chester Himes’s If He Hollers Let Him Go and analyzes them in ways that push on the limits of social protest fiction, a genre understood as anything but comedic. Tracing a relationship between interiority, what I call “the frictions of social laughter,” and deferment in Himes’s novel shows how pockets of life are made possible within inhospitable environments produced by racist power structures. Ultimately, by exploring the challenges of laughing together, this article shows that the role that laughter and joking plays in the novel’s expanded vision for Black life is larger than previously understood, going beyond the merely instrumental.