bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tomato SlBES1.8 Influences Leaf Morphogenesis by Mediating Gibberellin Metabolism and Signaling
Authors: Su Deding , Xiang Wei , Liang Qin , Wen Ling , Shi Yuan , Song Bangqian , Liu Yudong , Xian Zhiqiang , Li Zhengguo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLeaf morphogenetic activity determines its shape diversity. However, our knowledge of the regulatory mechanism in maintaining leaf morphogenetic capacity is still limited. In tomato, gibberellin (GA) negatively regulates leaf complexity by shortening the morphogenetic window. We here report a tomato BRI1-EMS-suppressor 1 transcription factor, SlBES1.8, that promoted the simplification of leaf pattern in a similar manner as GA functions. OE-SlBES1.8 plants exhibited reduced sensibility to exogenous GA3 treatment whereas showed increased sensibility to the application of GA biosynthesis inhibitor, paclobutrazol. In line with the phenotypic observation, the endogenous bioactive GA contents were increased in OE-SlBES1.8 lines, which certainly promoted the degradation of the GA signaling negative regulator, SlDELLA. Moreover, transcriptomic analysis uncovered a set of overlapping genomic targets of SlBES1.8 and GA, and most of them were regulated in the same way. Expression studies showed the repression of SlBES1.8 to the transcriptions of two GA-deactivated genes, SlGA2ox2 and SlGA2ox6, and one GA receptor, SlGID1b-1. Further experiments confirmed the direct regulation of SlBES1.8 to their promoters. On the other hand, SlDELLA physically interacted with SlBES1.8 and further inhibited its transcriptional regulation activity by abolishing SlBES1.8–DNA binding. Conclusively, by mediating GA deactivation and signaling, SlBES1.8 greatly influenced tomato leaf morphogenesis.
Origin and Evolution of the Iron-Rich Upper Unit and Fe–Ti–V Mineralization of the Neoarchean Lac Doré Layered Intrusion, Chibougamau, Québec
Authors: Mokchah Nesrine , Mathieu Lucie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Lac Doré Complex (LDC) is a metamorphosed Neoarchean (ca. 2728 Ma) tholeiitic layered intrusion with an estimated thickness of 7–8 km. The Layered zone (magnetitite, anorthosite, and gabbro mostly, and ferrodunite locally) is located in the upper part of the LDC, and it corresponds to an Fe–Ti oxide-bearing unit currently being explored for Fe–Ti–V magmatic deposits. Previous studies documented lithological, textural, and chemical heterogeneities in the Layered zone from the NW, NE, and S limbs of the LDC. This study integrates detailed chemical and petrological investigation of Fe-rich rocks across the Layered zone to evaluate the impact of magmatic processes (contamination, magma replenishment events, and fractional crystallization) on the evolution of the upper part of the LDC. Field data point to fractional crystallization (upward increase of quartz, apatite, and ilmenite, and decrease of titanomagnetite) and to efficient mineral sorting within flow currents (modal layering) in the S limb, where the Layered zone is thick, possibly as a result of frequent replenishment events. Petrological observations and bulk rock chemistry indicates that the magma emplaced at the NW limb was more evolved (Si richer) than the Fe-rich magmas emplaced at the NE and S limbs, explaining the limited economic potential of the NW limb. The chemistry of Fe–Ti oxides indicates that the least evolved Fe-rich magma (magma most enriched in V, Cr, and Ni) emplaced at the NE limb and subsequently interacted with Si–Ca–poor carbonate-facies iron formation. The chemistry of Fe–Ti oxides, as well as ƒO2 estimates, points to additional chemical heterogeneities across the Layered zone, which are interpreted to result from several injections of a chemically heterogeneous residual tholeiitic melt (Fe rich) followed by inefficient homogenization process. We conclude that Fe-rich residual melts produced by prolonged crystallization of silicates during most of the evolution of the LDC were extracted from the Lower zone (anorthosite- and gabbro-dominated unit) and migrated upward to form the Layered zone. Successive extraction of the Fe-rich melt in response to regional and/or local deformation event translates as replenishment events for the Layered zone that then evolved through contamination (NE limb), fractional crystallization (NW, NE, and S limbs), and mineral sorting (S limb).
The Dynamics of Return Migration, Human Capital Accumulation, and Wage Assimilation
Authors: Adda Jérôme , Dustmann Christian , Görlach Joseph-Simon 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article develops and estimates a dynamic model where individuals differ in ability and location preference to evaluate the mechanisms that affect the evolution of immigrants’ careers in conjunction with their re-migration plans. Our analysis highlights a novel form of selective return migration where those who plan to stay longer invest more into skill acquisition, with important implications for the assessment of immigrants’ career paths and the estimation of their earnings profiles. Our study also explains the willingness of immigrants to accept jobs at wages that seem unacceptable to natives. Finally, our model provides important insight for the design of migration policies, showing that policies that initially restrict residence or condition residence on achievement shape not only immigrants’ career profiles through their impact on human capital investment but also determine the selection of arrivals and leavers.
Factors Associated with Thickening of the Ligamentum Flavum on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis
Authors: Yabe Yutaka , Hagiwara Yoshihiro , Tsuchiya Masahiro , Onoda Yoshito , Yoshida Shinichirou , Onoki Takahiro , Ishikawa Keisuke , Kurosawa Daisuke , Murakami Eiichi 
Published: February 2022

Study design.
Experimental study of the ligamentum flavum (LF) thickness among patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS).

Objectives.
To elucidate the factors associated with thickening of the LF on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Summary of Background Data.
Thickening of the LF is a major contributor to LSCS. This thickening is attributed to tissue hypertrophy or buckling of the ligament, and there may be several associated factors on MRI; however, these factors remain unclear.

Methods.
We studied the LF in 56 patients (a total of 106 ligaments) with LSCS, who underwent decompressive surgery; among them, 23 were receiving haemodialysis. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess relationships between the thickness of the LF on MRI and the thickness of the LF tissue, age, disc height, disc degeneration, and disc level. Patients were also categorised into 2 groups based on whether they were undergoing haemodialysis, and the relationships were assessed similarly.

Results.
Among patients with LSCS, the thickness of the LF on MRI showed a significant positive linear relationship with the thickness of the LF tissue, and no association with disc height. Except for in those receiving haemodialysis, the thickness of the LF on MRI showed a significant positive relationship with age, disc degeneration, and disc level among patients with LSCS.

Conclusion.
In patients with LSCS, thickening of the LF on MRI appears to represent tissue hypertrophy. The association between the thickness of the LF on MRI and age, disc degeneration, and disc level may indicate simultaneous alterations of spine components along with aging that was cancelled by the effects of haemodialysis.
Sleep Assessment in Critically Ill Adults: Established Methods and Emerging Strategies
Authors: Weinhouse Gerald L. , Kimchi Eyal , Watson Paula , Devlin John W. 
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVES:
Sleep is a biological mandate with an integral role in optimizing functions that maintain psychological and physical health. During critical illness, however, sleep may be disrupted at best and elusive at worst. Sleep improvement efforts and research endeavors evaluating interventions to improve sleep in critically ill adults are hampered by limited methods available to measure sleep in this setting. This narrative review summarizes available modalities for sleep assessment in the ICU, describes new ICU sleep assessment methods under development, and highlights features of the ideal ICU sleep measurement tool.

DATA SOURCES:
The most relevant literature and author experiences were assessed for inclusion from PubMed and textbooks.

STUDY SELECTION:
The authors selected studies for inclusion by consensus.

DATA EXTRACTION:
The authors reviewed each study and selected appropriate data for inclusion by consensus.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
Currently available tools to measure sleep in critically ill adults have important flaws. Subjective measurements are limited by recall bias, the inability of many patients to communicate, and poorly correlate with objective measures when completed by surrogates. Actigraphy does not consider the effects of sedating medications or myopathy leading to an over estimation of sleep time. Polysomnography, the gold standard for sleep assessment, is limited by interpretation issues and practical application concerns. Single and multiple channel electroencephalogram devices offer real-time physiologic data and are more practical to use than polysomnography but are limited by the scope of sleep-specific information they can measure and poorly characterize the circadian system.

CONCLUSIONS:
A measurement tool that offers real-time sleep and circadian assessment and is practical for broad application in the ICU does not exist. Newer sleep assessment devices have shown promise in measuring physiologic data in real time; when used in combination with other assessment modalities, and analyzed by computational techniques, they may revolutionize sleep monitoring in the ICU.
A Risk Comparison between Lifestyle, Socioeconomic Status, and Radiation: A Cohort Study of Cancer Mortality among Japanese Nuclear Workers (J-EPISODE)
Authors: Kudo Shin’ichi , Nishide Akemi , Furuta Hiroshige , Ishizawa Noboru , Saigusa Shin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The health effects of low-dose radiation exposure have been a source of controversy. One possible reason is that epidemiological studies that compare radiation risk with other factors, such as lifestyle or socioeconomic status, have been limited. The aim of this study is to conduct a comparison of the cancer risk of mortality between radiation, lifestyle habits (such as smoking), and socioeconomic status (such as years of education) among Japanese nuclear workers. We assembled a cohort of 41,742 male nuclear workers in Japan who answered a lifestyle questionnaire survey conducted during 2003–2004. To exclude systematic errors caused by missing values, we used multiple imputation and Poisson regression to estimate relative risks and confidence intervals for lifestyle habits, socioeconomic status, and radiation. The total person-y from 2005 to 2010 were 215,000. The mean age and cumulative dose were 54.9 y and 24.8 mSv (10-y lagged dose), respectively. Significantly high relative risks were determined for smoking, alcohol consumption, frequency of medical examination, breakfast intake, sleep, and body mass index. Further, significantly high relative risks of radiation were shown for lung cancer and smoking-related cancers. Since the simultaneous inclusion of radiation and non-radiation variables in the model for relative risk (RR) calculation means that the calculated radiation RR is the result of adjustment by other variables, the risk of cancer from low-dose radiation, if any, is less than smoking and probably less than other lifestyle factors.
Neurobehavioral Symptoms and Heart Rate Variability: Feasibility of Remote Collection Using Mobile Health Technology
Authors: Nabasny Andrew , Rabinowitz Amanda , Wright Brittany , Wang Jijia , Preminger Samuel , Terhorst Lauren , Juengst Shannon B. 
Published: February 2022

Objectives:
To determine the covariance of heart rate variability (HRV) and self-reported neurobehavioral symptoms after traumatic brain injury (TBI) collected using mobile health (mHealth) technology.

Setting:
Community.

Participants:
Adults with lifetime history of TBI (n = 52) and adults with no history of brain injury (n = 12).

Design:
Two-week prospective ecological momentary assessment study.

Main Measures:
Behavioral Assessment Screening Tool (BASTmHealth) subscales (Negative Affect, Fatigue, Executive Dysfunction, Substance Abuse, and Impulsivity) measured frequency of neurobehavioral symptoms via a RedCap link sent by text message. Resting HRV (root mean square of successive R-R interval differences) was measured for 5 minutes every morning upon waking using a commercially available heart rate monitor (Polar H10, paired with Elite HRV app).

Results:
Data for n = 48 (n = 38 with TBI; n = 10 without TBI) participants were included in covariance analyses, with average cross-correlation coefficients (0-day lag) varying greatly across participants. We found that the presence and direction of the relationship between HRV and neurobehavioral symptoms varied from person to person. Cross-correlation coefficients r ≤ −0.30, observed in 27.1% to 29.2% of participants for Negative Affect, Executive Dysfunction, and Fatigue, 22.9% of participants for Impulsivity, and only 10.4% of participants for Substance Abuse, supported our hypothesis that lower HRV would covary with more frequent symptoms. However, we also found 2.0% to 20.8% of participants had positive cross-correlations (r ≥ 0.30) across all subscales, indicating that higher HRV may sometimes correlate with more neurobehavioral symptoms, and 54.2% to 87.5% had no significant cross-correlations.

Conclusions:
It is generally feasible for community-dwelling adults with and without TBI to use a commercially available wearable device to capture daily HRV measures and to complete a short, electronic self-reported neurobehavioral symptom measure for a 2-week period. The covariance of HRV and neurobehavioral symptoms over time suggests that HRV could be used as a relevant physiological biomarker of neurobehavioral symptoms, though how it would be interpreted and used in practice would vary on a person-by-person and symptom domain basis and requires further study.
AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT MÜLLER CELL SHEEN DYSTROPHY
Authors: Dalma-Weiszhausz José , Chacón-Camacho Oscar , CHEVEZ-BARRIOS Patricia , Zenteno Juan C. , Franco-Cárdenas Valentina , García-Montaño Leopoldo A. , Pérez-Bravo Jehieli , García-Montalvo Iván A. , Jiménez-Sierra Juan M. , Dalma Alexander 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Autosomal dominant Müller cell dystrophy is a rare condition we described in 1991. It is characterized by a striking sheen appearance on the retinal surface with progressive retinal changes leading to disorganization and atrophy with a decreased b-wave electroretinograms.

Materials and Methods:
We examined 45 members of a 4-generation family. Fifteen subjects from three generations were found with the disease, without gender predilection. Seven patients underwent ophthalmic examination including fundus examination, intravenous fluorescein angiogram, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, and electroretinogram. Six patients have a 30-year follow-up. Histopathology examination was performed on eyes of the eldest patient. Whole exome sequencing was done in four affected subjects.

Results:
Findings include a decreased visual acuity, abnormal cellophane-like sheen of the vitreoretinal interface, a “plush” nerve fiber layer, and characteristic macular changes. Electroretinogram showed a selective b-wave diminution. Intravenous fluorescein angiogram presented perifoveal hyperfluorescence and capillary leakage. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography revealed cavitations involving inner and later outer retinal layers with later disorganization. Histopathologic findings included Müller cell abnormalities with cystic disruption of inner retinal layers, pseudoexfoliation in anterior segment, and amyloidosis of extraocular vessels. Pedigree analysis suggests an autosomal dominant inheritance with late onset. DNA analysis demonstrated a previously undescribed heterozygous missense p.Glu109Val mutation in transthyretin.

Conclusion:
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first family reported with this disorder. Our data support the hypothesis that autosomal dominant Müller cell dystrophy is a distinct retinal dystrophy affecting Müller cells. Mutations in transthyretin gene may manifest as a predominantly retinal disorder.
DEVELOPMENT OF FOCAL CHOROIDAL EXCAVATION IN A CASE OF IDIOPATHIC CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULAR MEMBRANE
Authors: Mahendrakar Priyanka , Bhende Muna , Menon Rahul 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the evolution of focal choroidal excavation in a 17-year-old girl on treatment for a choroidal neovascular membrane over a 6-year follow-up.

Methods:
Review of medical and imaging records of a 17-year-old girl who presented with a choroidal neovascular membrane in her left eye treated with multiple intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor injections over a period of 6 years.

Results:
The patient developed recurrent episodes of subretinal hemorrhage that were treated with antivascular endothelial growth factor injections. Over the follow-up period, swept source optical coherence tomography through the lesion revealed progressive reduction in size of the choroidal neovascular membrane complex with the development of acquired focal choroidal excavation.
Identification of plasma hsa_circ_0000190 and 0001649 as biomarkers for predicting the recurrence and treatment response of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Hung Kai-Feng , Chen Bing-Hong , Wang Tsui-Ying , Yang Yi-Ping , Chien Yueh , Lo Jeng-Fan , Yang Lin , Peng Bou-Yue , Kao Shou-Yen , Wu Cheng-Hsien 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a type of malignancy characterized by high relapse and recurrence rates in the late stage despite optimal surgical intervention and postoperative chemoradiotherapy. Because the management of relapse following definitive treatment is challenging, accurate risk stratification is of clinical significance to improve treatment outcomes. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs featured with cell-type specificity and high stability, owing to their circular structure, making these molecules excellent biomarkers for a variety of diseases.

Methods:
The levels of hsa_circ_0000190 and 0001649 in plasma samples from 30 healthy controls and 66 OSCC patients were determined by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. The same primer sets were used with PCR to examine the expression of these two circRNAs in cancerous and adjacent normal tissues. A receiver operating characteristics curve was generated to evaluate the diagnostic value. The Kaplan–Meier method with a log-rank test was used for survival analysis.

Results:
We identified two circRNAs as potential biomarkers for OSCC, showing that the plasma level of hsa_circ_0000190 was significantly decreased in the late stage and marginally correlated with the development of second primary OSCC. We also found that the decreased plasma hsa_circ_0001649 was correlated with the recurrence and poor prognosis of patients. Additionally, we found that high plasma hsa_circ_0000190, but not hsa_circ_0001649, possibly predicted a better response of patients to induction chemotherapy.

Conclusion:
Our study demonstrated the potential of biomarkers in plasma to inform not just the tumor but the entire oral cavity, thereby offering a prediction for early recurrence and second primary OSCC. The plasma circRNAs remain valuable for OSCC, albeit the easy accessibility to the oral cavity.
Spatial transcriptomics and the kidney
Authors: Melo Ferreira Ricardo , Gisch Debora L. , Eadon Michael T. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose of review
The application of spatial transcriptomics technologies to the interrogation of kidney tissue is a burgeoning effort. These technologies share a common purpose in mapping both the expression of individual molecules and entire transcriptomic signatures of kidney cell types and structures. Such information is often superimposed upon a histologic image. The resulting datasets are readily merged with other imaging and transcriptomic techniques to establish a spatially anchored atlas of the kidney. This review provides an overview of the various spatial transcriptomic technologies and recent studies in kidney disease. Potential applications gleaned from the interrogation of other organ systems, but relative to the kidney, are also discussed.

Recent findings
Spatial transcriptomic technologies have enabled localization of whole transcriptome mRNA expression, correlation of mRNA to histology, measurement of in situ changes in expression across time, and even subcellular localization of transcripts within the kidney. These innovations continue to aid in the development of human cellular atlases of the kidney, the reclassification of disease, and the identification of important therapeutic targets.

Summary
Spatial localization of gene expression will complement our current understanding of disease derived from single cell RNA sequencing, histopathology, protein immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. Although spatial technologies continue to evolve rapidly, their importance in the localization of disease signatures is already apparent. Further efforts are required to integrate whole transcriptome and subcellular expression signatures into the individualized assessment of human kidney disease.
Updating the healthcare maintenance visit for children with medical complexity: applying lessons learned from the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
Authors: Driansky Allison , Pilapil Mariecel , Mastrogiannis Ariana 
Published: February 2022

Purpose of review
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has exposed the vulnerabilities of children with medical complexity (CMC). This article uniquely describes how pediatric providers in various clinical settings can adapt routine healthcare maintenance visits to meet the needs of CMC in the era of COVID-19. We also discuss unique visit components important to address when providing primary care to CMC, including caregiver support, disaster preparedness, long-term care planning, and telemedicine.

Recent findings
Although some children may be less severely affected by COVID-19 than adults, current literature suggests that CMC may be at higher risk for severe disease. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the value in consistent, primary care for CMC. Children, especially those with medical complexity, are at risk for interruptions in care, delayed vaccinations, increasing caregiver burden, and barriers to in-person care.

Summary
This article summarizes the components of the healthcare maintenance visit for CMC, providing salient recommendations on how pediatric providers can adapt their approach to the primary care of CMC in the era of COVID-19.