bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of post-COVID syndrome and associated symptoms in outpatient care in Bavaria, Germany: a retrospective cohort study using routinely collected claims data
Authors: Donnachie Ewan , Hapfelmeier Alexander , Linde Klaus , Tauscher Martin , Gerlach Roman , Greissel Anna , Schneider Antonius 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesTo estimate the treatment incidence of post-COVID syndrome (postinfectious sequelae present at least 12 weeks following infection) in the context of ambulatory care in Bavaria, Germany, and to establish whether related diagnoses occur more frequently than in patients with no known history of COVID-19.DesignRetrospective cohort analysis of routinely collected claims data.SettingAmbulatory care in Bavaria, Germany, observed from January 2020 to March 2022 (data accessed May 2022).Participants391 990 patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis, 62 659 patients with other respiratory infection and a control group of 659 579 patients with no confirmed or suspected diagnosis of COVID-19.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome is diagnosis of post-COVID syndrome documented in ambulatory care. Secondary outcomes are: chronic fatigue syndrome, psychological disorder, fatigue, mild cognitive impairment, disturbances of taste and smell, dyspnoea, pulmonary embolism and myalgia.ResultsAmong all patients with confirmed COVID-19, 14.2% (95% CI 14.0% to 14.5%) received a diagnosis of a post-COVID syndrome, and 6.7% (95% CI 6.5% to 6.9%) received the diagnosis in at least two quarterly periods during a 2-year follow-up. Compared with patients with other respiratory infections and with controls, patients with COVID-19 more frequently received a variety of diagnoses including chronic fatigue syndrome (1.6% vs 0.6% and 0.3%, respectively), fatigue (13.3% vs 9.2% and 6.0%), dyspnoea (9.9% vs 5.1% and 3.2%) and disturbances of taste and smell (3.2% vs 1.2% and 0.5%). The treatment incidence of post-COVID syndrome was highest among adults aged 40–59 (19.0%) and lowest among children aged below 12 years (2.6%).ConclusionsOur results demonstrate a moderately high incidence of post-COVID syndrome 2 years after COVID-19 diagnosis. There is an urgent need to find efficient and effective solutions to help patients with dyspnoea, fatigue, cognitive impairment and loss of smell. Guidelines and treatment algorithms, including referral criteria, and occupational and physical therapy, require prompt and coherent implementation.
Using a discrete choice experiment to develop a decision aid tool to inform the management of persistent pain in pharmacy: a protocol for a randomised feasibility study
Authors: Loría-Rebolledo Luis Enrique , Ryan Mandy , Bond Christine , Porteous Terry , Murchie Peter , Adam Rosalind 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIn an era of personalised healthcare, it has become increasingly important to elicit individual-level preferences. While discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are widely used to measure patient preferences in the delivery of healthcare, the focus has been sample-level analysis. Using the DCE methodology, this project has designed a digital decision aid tool (DAT) with the potential to estimate individual preferences in real time to inform clinical consultation decisions in persistent pain management.MethodsUsing a feasibility randomised control trial, this study aims to assess the feasibility of using this Understanding Persistent Pain (UPP) DAT in a pharmacy-based clinical setting and to test processes for a future definite randomised trial. Community and practice-based pharmacists (up to 10) will be recruited in The National Health Service (NHS) Grampian and trained in the use of the digital UPP DAT. Pharmacists will recruit up to 60 patients who are living with persistent pain. Patients will be randomised to one of two groups: using the UPP DAT or usual care. Pharmacists will follow-up patients as needed according to clinical need and following standard practice. DCE response data collected by the UPP DAT will be analysed using the penalised logit model, allowing estimation of individual preferences in real time. We will follow-up pharmacists and patients who use the UPP DAT to gather feedback on their experiences.Ethics and disseminationThis study received ethical approval from the North of Scotland Research Ethics Committee (21/NS/0059) and received Research & Development Management Permission to proceed from NHS Grampian (2021UA003E). The study has been registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov database. Findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications, presentations and newsletters and made available in the University of Aberdeen and Pharmacy Research UK websites. Participants gave informed consent to participate in the study before taking part.Trial registration numberNCT05102578; clinicaltrials.gov.
Regional survey of foundation trainee doctors’ views on a career in gastroenterology: implications for diversity and inclusion
Authors: Akbani Umair , Vasant Dipesh Harshvadan 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveWe aimed to establish the perception of foundation doctors (FDs) towards gastroenterology, focusing on identifying determinants which make the career desirable or undesirable between genders, and to recognise factors to increase diversity in recruitment.MethodAn electronic survey was circulated to Northwest of England FDs, categorical variables and data were analysed using χ2test including comparisons by gender and exposure to gastroenterology either as an undergraduate or FD.Results133 responses were received (males 55.6%, 37 foundation year 1 (FY1) doctors, 85 FY2 doctors and 11 FY3 doctors). Four (3.0%) FDs were considering a career in gastroenterology. Gastroenterology was perceived positively by 72 (54.1%) of FDs. Significant differences were found between genders in the importance of the following factors influencing specialty selection; patient-centred care (female 52.5% vs male 25.7%, p=0.01), good mentorship (female 67.8% vs male 45.9, p=0.012), income (female 33.9% vs male 59.5%, p=0.003) and length of training (female 27.1% vs male 52.7%, p=0.003). The male predominant existing workforce (female 27.1% vs male 6.8%, p=0.001), and requirement to be a medical registrar (female 74.6% vs male 56.8%, p=0.033) were negatively perceived aspects of gastroenterology among female FDs. Most FDs (female 80.5%, male 70.7%) indicated increased acceptability of less than full time training and greater flexibility may attract more females to gastroenterology.ConclusionIncreased flexibility in training and greater postfoundation exposure and mentorship may improve diversity within the specialty. The role of general medicine poses significant concern for FDs and may need further evaluation.
Underdiagnosis of iron deficiency anaemia in HIV-infected individuals: a pilot study using soluble transferrin receptors and intensive bone marrow iron stores to improve the diagnosis
Authors: Mankgele Mahlatse , Variava Ebrahim , Moloantoa Tumelo , Otwombe Kennedy , Hlongwane Khuthadzo , Disenyane Dineo , Bida Meshack , Chikwati Raylton , Snyman Tracy , Martinson Neil , Mahlangu Johnny 
Published: September 2022

AimWe compared soluble transferrin receptors (sTfR), serum ferritin, mean cell volume (MCV) of red cells and the sTfR-ferritin index with the intensive method bone marrow trephine (BMT) iron stores in the diagnosis of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-positive hospitalised participants.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we recruited hospitalised HIV-positive and coronavirus of 2019 (COVID-19)-negative adults with anaemia who required a bone marrow examination as part of their diagnostic workup. We measured the full blood count, ferritin, sTfR and assessed iron using the intensive method in Haemotoxylin and Eosin (H&E)-stained BMT core biopsies of consenting participants.ResultsOf the 60 enrolled participants, 57 were evaluable. Thirteen (22.80%) had IDA on H&E BMT iron stores assessment, and 44 (77.19%) had anaemia of chronic diseases (ACD). The sTfR and the sTfR-ferritin index had sensitivities of 61.54% and 53.85%, respectively, for IDA diagnosis. The sensitivity and specificity of ferritin was 7.69% and 92.31%, respectively. The sTfR and sTfR-ferritin index’s diagnostic specificity was relatively low at 46.15% and 38.46%, respectively.ConclusionIn this pilot study in HIV-positive participants, the prevalence of iron deficiency using the BMT assessment was low. Both the sTfR and the sTfR-ferritin index had a better quantitative correlation to bone marrow iron stores when compared with the MCV and ferritin and, may be more accurate surrogate markers of IDA.
Volumetric resolution of chronic subdural hematomas treated with surgical evacuation versus middle meningeal artery embolization during immediate, early, and late follow up: propensity-score matched cohorts
Authors: Housley Steven B , Monteiro Andre , Khawar Wasiq I , Donnelly Brianna M , Lian Ming Xia , Fritz Alexander G , Waqas Muhammad , Cappuzzo Justin M , Snyder Kenneth V , Siddiqui Adnan H , Levy Elad I , Davies Jason M 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundLiterature on volumetric resolution and recurrence over time between surgical evacuation alone (SEA) and standalone middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) in comparable chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) patients is limited.MethodsA retrospective database analysis of cSDH patients managed with either SEA or MMAE was conducted. Propensity-score matching was performed for axial and coronal lengths, maximum diameter, and midline shift. Volumetric measurements at multiple time intervals and recurrence were compared between the groups.Results48 matched hematoma pairs in patients with similar demographics, comorbidities, medications, and symptoms were obtained. Median volume was significantly lower at 24 hours in the SEA group (12.6 mL vs 52.7 mL, p<0.001) but not at remaining intervals. Median volume reduction was significantly greater in the SEA group at 24 hours (39.1 mL vs 8.8 mL in the MMAE group, p<0.001) and at 3–12 weeks (50.8 mL vs 23.7 mL, p<0.001), but not at remaining intervals. The SEA group had a significantly greater median hematoma resolution rate at 24 hours (39.1 mL/day vs 8.8 mL/day, p<0.001) and 3–12 weeks (1 mL/day vs 0.4 mL/day, p<0.001), but not at remaining intervals. Near-complete resolution at 3–12 weeks and 12–60 weeks was not significantly different between groups. Overall, the recurrence rate was significantly higher in the SEA group (22.9% vs 4.2%, p=0.01).ConclusionsIn comparable cSDH patients, SEA resulted in better volumetric outcomes in immediate postoperative and early follow-up periods, as expected. However, this difference was not significant at more distant follow-up intervals. Furthermore, surgical patients experienced a significantly higher rate of recurrence.
Compatibility of new sainfoin populations as forage mixtures with alfalfa and orchardgrass in Alberta
Authors: Poudel Hari P. , Acharya Surya N. 
Published: September 2022

Sainfoin is a highly nutritious non-bloating leguminous forage crop of temperate regions. Despite non-bloating properties, its use in pastures was limited due to low dry matter yield (DMY), lack of persistence in the mixed pasture, and slow regrowth. The paradigm then shifted when new sainfoin cultivars planted in mixtures with alfalfa reduced 98% bloat incidence in ruminants. Two experiments were conducted to determine the compatibility of sainfoin with grass and alfalfa. Experiment (Exp.) I was established by drilling alfalfa cv. Longview and orchardgrass cv. Kayak with new sainfoin populations in alternate or cross-seeding rows under irrigated and unirrigated conditions in Lethbridge, AB. Exp. II was established by drilling sainfoin populations in mixture with alfalfa cultivars in alternate rows under irrigation. DMY and botanical composition (dry matter basis) were observed for both experiments. In Exp. I, monoculture orchardgrass produced the least DMY compared with the mixtures under both growing conditions and over all growing seasons. Alfalfa–sainfoin mixture yielded higher under irrigatated and less under unirrigated conditions relative to alfalfa monoculture. The percentage DMY contribution of sainfoin in alfalfa–sainfoin mixtures decreased but increased in sainfoin–orchardgrass mixtures over successive harvests under both environments. In Exp. II, we observed that new sainfoin populations mixed with alfalfa cvs. Beaver and Longview yielded greater ( P < 0.05) than their corresponding monocultures and this increase was not associated with the proportion of the species in the mixture suggesting new sainfoin populations are as productive as alfalfa.
Possible charmed-strange molecular dibaryons
Authors: Kong Shu-Yi , Zhu Jun-Tao , He Jun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, we systematically investigate the dibaryons with charm number $$C=1$$

C
=
1

and strangeness number $$S=\pm $$

S
=
±

1 from the interactions of a charmed baryon and a strange baryon $$\Lambda _c\Lambda $$

Λ
c

Λ

, $$\Lambda _c\Sigma ^{(*)}$$

Λ
c

Σ

(

∗
)

, $$\Sigma _c^{(*)}\Lambda $$

Σ
c

(

∗
)

Λ

, and $$\Sigma ^{(*)}_c\Sigma ^{(*)}$$

Σ
c

(

∗
)

Σ

(

∗
)

, and corresponding interactions of a charmed baryon and an antistrange baryon $$\Lambda _c{\bar{\Lambda }}$$

Λ
c

Λ

¯

, $$\Lambda _c{\bar{\Sigma }}^{(*)}$$

Λ
c

Σ

¯

(

∗
)

, $$\Sigma ^{(*)}_c{\bar{\Lambda }}$$

Σ
c

(

∗
)

Λ

¯

, and $$\Sigma ^{(*)}_c{\bar{\Sigma }}^{(*)}$$

Σ
c

(

∗
)

Σ

¯

(

∗
)

. With the help of the effective Lagrangians with SU(3), heavy quark, and chiral symmetries, the potentials of the interactions considered are constructed by light meson exchanges. To search for the possible molecules, the quasipotential Bethe–Salpeter equation with the interaction potential kernel is solved to find poles from scattering amplitude. The results suggest that attractions widely exist in charmed-strange system with $$C=1$$

C
=
1

and $$S=-1$$

S
=
-
1

. The S-wave bound states can be produced from most of the channels. Few bound states are also produced from the charmed-antistrange interactions. Couple-channel effect are considered in the current work to discuss the couplings of the molecular states to the channels considered. More experimental research for these charmed-strange dibaryons are suggested.
Modelling the impact of argon atoms on a tungsten surface
Authors: Shermukhamedov Shokirbek , Probst Michael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSputtering from plasma-facing surfaces upon particle impact is an important process in material science. It is especially relevant in the diverter region of fusion devices, which nearly always consist of tungsten. Besides the main plasma components, argon is used in fusion devices to improve energy confinement. As a consequence, hot Ar atoms interact with W surfaces and can cause sputtering and other material degrading events. Atomistic simulations of the plasma-wall interactions make it possible to carry out a detailed analysis of sputtering, reflection, and retention processes. We report the results of molecular dynamics simulations with neural network potential energy expressions modelling the bombardment of tungsten samples by argon atoms in the energy range from 100 to 800 eV. The obtained sputtering results are in good agreement with available literature data. Furthermore, our data provide additional insight into atomic details of the processes involved in sputtering. We also investigate the effect of surface temperature on sputtering and reflection probabilities, which significantly affects the irradiation process at higher impact energies.

Graphical abstract
A Decision Procedure for Guarded Separation Logic Complete Entailment Checking for Separation Logic with Inductive Definitions
Authors: Matheja Christoph , Pagel Jens , Zuleger Florian 
Published: September 2022

We develop a doubly exponential decision procedure for the satisfiability problem ofguarded separation logic—a novel fragment of separation logic featuring user-supplied inductive predicates, Boolean connectives, and separating connectives, including restricted (guarded) versions of negation, magic wand, and septraction. Moreover, we show that dropping the guards for any of the preceding connectives leads to an undecidable fragment.We further apply our decision procedure to reason aboutentailmentsin the popular symbolic heap fragment of separation logic. In particular, we obtain a doubly exponential decision procedure for entailments between (quantifier-free) symbolic heaps with inductive predicate definitions of bounded treewidth (SLbtw)—one of the most expressive decidable fragments of separation logic. Together with the recently shown2ExpTime-hardness for entailments in said fragment, we conclude that the entailment problem forSLbtwis2ExpTime-complete—thereby closing a previously open complexity gap.
Growth, Nutrient Retention, Waste Output, and Antioxidant Capacity of Juvenile Triangular Bream (Megalobrama terminalis) in Response to Dietary Selenium Yeast Concentration
Authors: Wu Yubo , Ma Hengjia , Fu Donghuan , Zhu Hui , Wang Xiujuan , Ren Xing 
Published: September 2022

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary selenium yeast levels on growth, nutrient retention, waste output, and antioxidant capacity of juvenile triangular bream (Megalobrama terminalis). Five isonitrogenous (320 g/kg crude protein) and isolipidic (65 g/kg crude lipid) diets were formulated, with supplementation of graded levels of selenium yeast at 0 (diet Se0), 1 (diet Se1), 3 (diet Se3), 9 (diet Se9), and 12 g/kg (diet Se12). No significant differences were found in initial body weight, condition factor, visceral somatic index, hepatosomatic index, and whole body contents of crude protein, ash, and phosphorus among fish fed different test diet. The highest final body weight and weight gain rate were found in fish fed diet Se3. The specific growth rate (SGR) is closely related to dietary selenium (Se) concentrations with a relationship described as

SGR
=
–
0.0043

S

e

2

+
0.1062

Se
+
2.661

. Higher feed conversion ratio was found, while lower retention efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus were found in fish fed diets Se1, Se3, and Se9 than in fish fed diet Se12. Contents of selenium in whole body, vertebra, and dorsal muscle increased with dietary supplementation of selenium yeast increased from 1 mg/kg to 9 mg/kg. Lower nitrogen and phosphorous waste was found in fish fed diets Se0, Se1, Se3, and Se9 than in fish fed diet Se12. Fish fed diet Se3 exhibited the highest activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and lysozyme while the lowest malonaldehyde content in both the liver and kidney. Our results showed that the optimal dietary selenium requirement for triangular bream should be 12.34 mg/kg based on the nonlinear regression on SGR, and fish fed diet Se3 in which selenium concentration (8.24 mg/kg) was close to the optimal requirement displayed the best growth performance, feed nutrient utilization, and antioxidant capacity.
Reconstructing Lokono Contributions to Science
Authors: Rybka Konrad 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Since the first colonial encounter, Indigenous people have shared their unique systems of knowledge with colonial actors. Yet, their roles in colonial research and their contributions to Western science remain both obscured by the careers of their collaborators and segmented by the bounds of the disciplines they helped advance. This article is an attempt at reconstructing and recentering the life work of Johannes Karwafodi, a Lokono man from the early-twentieth-century colony of Suriname who worked with Surinamese, Dutch, and international scholars, most notably, the Penard brothers (anthropology, zoology), De Goeje (linguistics, anthropology), Stahel (ethnobotany), and Abbenhuis (anthropology). At the same time, this in memoriam is a contribution to the study of science making in the colony, its actors, formats, methods, and conditions, written with the view to contextualizing its outcomes more broadly and stimulating new research into the roles that Indigenous people played in creating them.
تحوّلات المكان من العينيّ إلى الذهنيّ
Authors: Alghathami (عبد الله الغذّامي) Abdullah 
Published: September 2022

المستخلص
علاقة الإنسان مع المكان تمرّ بتحوّلاتٍ نوعيّة تعيد تعريف معنى المكان عنده؛ إذ يتحوّل من العينيّ النفعيّ والعمليّ إلى الذهنيّ حتّى لينسخ الذهنيُّ العينيَّ ويحلّ مكانه ويصبح خطابًا يكشف معنى المكان ودلالته الخاصّة. ويجري ذلك عبر التنقّل من معنًى إلى معنى وبالتالي من قيمةٍ إلى قيمة. فالمكان في أصله هو الحيّز الجغرافيّ الذي يكتشف فيه الإنسان نفسه ويبني عبره منظومة علاقاته بمعناها المعاشيّ، وهذه قيمة نفعيّة وعمليّة، ولكنّ هذه النفعيّة تتحوّل مع مرور الوقت إلى ألفة شعوريّة، وكلّما تقوّت الألفة تجذّرت حتّى لتبلغ مبالغ دقيقةً جدًّا في قوّة معناها عند صاحب المكان. وفي بعض المناطق الريفيّة يُنظر للمكان على أنّه مرادفٌ لمعنى الشرف، ويكون الدفاع عنه دفاعًا عن الشرف، وقد يبلغ الأمر حدّ قتل المعتدي على الأرض، وهذا تحويل للمكان من وجوده العينيّ إلى وجودٍ ذهنيّ‫.‬
وتتنوّع صيغ الصور الذهنيّة للمكان لتأخذ في تنويعات خطابيّة بين الشعريّ والثقافيّ والفلسفيّ، ويقف البحث على الخطابات الثلاثة بأمثلةٍ تتبع الصور الذهنيّة لعلاقة الإنسان بالمكان، وأثر المكان بوصفه أحد مكوّنات الخطاب الجماليّ والخطاب الفكريّ التي ترجم فيها الإنسان ذاته عبر تمثّله له، وعبر تحوّل المكان إلى أثر وتحوّله من وجوده العينيّ إلى وجود ذهنيّ عابر للظرفيّة والعينيّة‫.‬
الأثر في كتاب أدب الغرباء
Authors: Khaldi (بثينة خالدي) Boutheina 
Published: September 2022

المستخلص
الغربة في كتاب أدب الغرباء لأبي الفرج الأصفهانيّ (ت 356‫/‬967) تجربة إنسانيّة مختلفة الشكول والألوان، تلبّست بالكتابة وسيلةً للإفصاح عن غياب وتوثيقًا لحضور. جاءت هذه الكتابة في شكل نوادر وأخبار وأشعار قصيرة حُفرت على الجدران والأبواب تاركةً أثرًا لمرتحِلٍ أو علامةً لمفارِق. يقوم المتنُ على ثالوثٍ من الموارِدِ هي: التجربة الذاتيّة، والتجربة المسموعة، والتجربة المعاينة، وجميعها صادرٌ عن شعور بالغربة مرير، وتشرّدٍ عن الديار قاسٍ، أو نزوح عن المرابِضِ اضطراريّ. أسبابٌ عدّةٌ دفعت المرتحلين إلى خطِّ أثرٍ مُعَبِّرٍ عنهم على الجدران؛ إذ لا مَخرجَ من غربتهم وكربهم وشَكَاتِهم غير الكتابة‫.‬
يتناول البحث الكتابة الجداريّة في كتاب أدب الغرباء منطلقًا ومبحثًا، ولا يعود اختيار الموضوع إلى جِدّته وطرافته فحسب، بل إلى نُدرة الدراسات التي عُنيت بالبحث فيه. فالأبحاث المتّصلة بالكتابات الجداريّة التراثيّة بصفة عامّة، والكتابات الجداريّة في التراث العربيّ بصفة خاصّة، قليلةٌ بخلاف العصر الحديث الذي لقي فيه هذا المبحث اهتمامًا متزايدًا من الدارسين والباحثين. يتناول البحث تمظهرات الغربة في الفضاء الخارجيّ، ويبحث في الأثر/الجرافيتي بصفته نصًّا متعدّد الأصوات، مفتوح الدلالات، يتّخذه الغرباء والمهمّشون وسيلةً لإحياء التواصل بينهم والتدليل على حضورهم‫.‬
آثار مجد القسطنطينيّة وانهزامها في رحلة ابن بطّوطة
Authors: al-Tayeb (فاتحة الطايب) Fatiha 
Published: September 2022

المستخلص
تسعى هذه الدراسة إلى الإحاطة بجماليّة الأثر في تحفة النظّار في غرائب الأمصار وعجائب الأسفار لابن بطّوطة (1304–1377م)، بالتركيز على رحلته إلى مدينة القسطنطينيّة في وقتٍ حرج من تاريخها. وذلك عن طريق الحفر في بنية ملفوظ النصّ لتحديد الآثار المحتفى بها من ناحية، والتفاعل من ناحية ثانية مع بنيته التحتيّة غير المكتوبة عبر ملء الفراغات وسدّ الفجوات – استنادًا إلى توجيهات النصّ الداخليّة – لإضاءة الآثار المسكوت عنها والمهملة. وحتّى تتمكّن الدراسة من المشاركة في إنتاج المعنى بشكل يسمح بإعادة تشييد صورة عاصمة الإمبراطوريّة البيزنطيّة في الرحلة، عمدَتْ إلى توسيع أفق مفهوم ”الأثر“ ليشمل مختلف العلامات والعناصر الحضاريّة التي ترمز إلى مجد القسطنطينيّة وانهزامها زمنَ زيارة ابن بطّوطة لها‫.‬