bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesenchymal neoplasms of the parotid gland and parapharyngeal space: an FNA cytologic study of 22 nonlipomatous tumors
Authors: Wakely Paul E. 
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUNDMesenchymal neoplasms of the parotid gland (PG) and para‐pharyngeal (PP) space are distinctly uncommon. Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy experience with nonlipomatous neoplasms from this site is reviewed.METHODSCytopathology and surgical pathology files were examined for mesenchymal PG and PP space neoplasms. FNA biopsy was performed using standard technique.RESULTSTwenty‐two PG and/or PP aspirates from 20 adults (male:female = 1.1:1; age range, 19‐84 years, mean age, 50 years) and a 10‐week‐old infant met inclusion criteria. Biopsy sites included PG (17, 77%) or PP space (5, 23%). Five of 6 malignant neoplasms (83%) were called malignant cytologically. Only 7 of 11 (63%) benign neoplasms were recognized as a benign neoplasm. None of 5 solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) cases were correctly recognized. Conversion to the Milan classification showed 8 (36%) FNA cases diagnosed as benign neoplasm, 6 (27%) malignant neoplasm, 4 (18%) neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential, 2 (9%) nondiagnostic, and single cases of suspicious for malignancy and nonneoplastic. There was 1 false‐positive and no false‐negative FNA diagnoses. Ancillary testing in 10 (45%) aspirates helped substantiate a correct specific diagnosis in 3 malignant and 3 benign cases.CONCLUSIONSFNA biopsy of nonlipomatous mesenchymal SG neoplasms is particularly challenging. Less than half (9 of 11, 41%) had specific FNA diagnoses that correctly matched the tissue diagnoses or clinical outcome. Accurate Milan categorization was superior for malignant neoplasms (5 of 6, 83%) in contrast to benign neoplasms (7 of 11, 63%), or neoplasms of uncertain malignant potential (SFT) (2 of 5, 40%).;
A comparison of drug‐eluting stent and coronary artery bypass grafting in mildly to moderately ischemic heart failure
Authors: Wang Kun , Wang Le , Cong Hongliang , Zhang Jingxia , Hu Yuecheng , Zhang Yingyi , Zhang Rui , Li Wenyu , Qi Wei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimsThe best revascularization strategy for patients with ischaemic heart failure (IHF) remains unclear. Current evidence and guidelines mainly focus on patients with severe ischaemic heart failure (ejection fraction [EF] < 35%). There are limited data comparing clinical outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with implantation of drug‐eluting stents (DESs) in patients with mild to moderate ischaemic heart failure (EF 35–50%). It is therefore unknown whether percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with DES implantation can provide comparable outcomes to CABG in these patients.Methods and resultsFrom January 2016 to December 2017, we enrolled patients with mildly to moderately reduced EF (35–50%) who had undergone PCI with DESs or CABG. Patients with a history of CABG, presented with acute ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (MI) or acute heart failure, and patients who had undergone CABG concomitant valvular or aortic surgery were excluded. Propensity score‐matching analysis was performed between the two groups. Kaplan–Meier analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression were applied to assess all‐cause mortality and individual end points. A total of 2050 patients (1330 PCIs and 720 CABGs) were included, and median follow‐up was 45 months (interquartile range 40 to 54). There were significant differences in all‐cause death between the two groups: 77 patients in the PCI group and 27 in the CABG group (DES vs. CABG: 5.8% vs. 3.8%, P = 0.045). After propensity score matching for the entire population, 601 matched pairs were obtained. The long‐term cumulative rate of all‐cause death was significantly different between the two groups (DES vs. CABG: 5.8% vs. 2.7%, P = 0.006). No differences were found in the rates of cardiac death (DES vs. CABG: 4.8% vs. 3.0%, P = 0.096), recurrent MI (DES vs. CABG: 4.0% vs. 2.8%, P = 0.234), and stroke (DES vs. CABG: 6.8% vs. 5.2%, P = 0.163). The rate of repeat coronary revascularization was significantly higher in the PCI group than in the CABG group (12.1% vs. 6.0%, P = 0.000).ConclusionsConsidering the higher long‐term survival rate and lower repeat‐revascularization rate, CABG may be superior to DES implantation in patients with mildly to moderately reduced EF (35–50%) and significant CAD.
Cracks before the crisis: Polarization prior to COVID‐19 predicts increased collective angst and economic pessimism
Authors: Crimston Charlie R. , Selvanathan Hema Preya , Álvarez Belén , Jetten Jolanda , Bentley Sarah , Casara Bruno Gabriel Salvador , Ionescu Octavia , Krug Henning , Steffens Niklas K. , Tanjitpiyanond Porntida , Wibisono Susilo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe examine how polarization within societies is associated with reduced confidence in national responses to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) crisis. We surveyed 4,731 participants across nine countries at Wave 1 (France, Germany, Indonesia, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Thailand, the United Kingdom and the United States), and then, at Wave 2 (3 months later), we recontacted 840 participants from two countries (the United Kingdom and the United States). We found that perceived polarization in the years preceding COVID‐19 predicted an enhanced perception that a country's COVID response was anomic (i.e., disorganized, chaotic), which in turn predicted greater collective angst and economic pessimism. Moreover, polarization measured at Wave 1 continued to predict perceptions that the COVID‐19 response was anomic at Wave 2, and, in turn, enhanced collective angst, pessimism, and the perception that dramatic political change was required to recover from COVID‐19. Our findings highlight how polarization may be associated with reduced confidence in leaders and governments at times of crisis, and how this predicts future‐focused anxiety and pessimism.
The design and optimization of novel elliptic cylindrical through‐silicon via and its temperature characterization
Authors: Guan Wenbo , Lu Hongliang , Zhang Yuming , Zhang Yimen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThrough‐silicon via (TSV) technology is a key technology to realize multi‐layer chips and its structure model and transmission characteristics have attracted much attention. With the continuous reduction of chip size, higher requirements are put forward for the model and transmission characteristics of TSV. A novel elliptic cylindrical TSV structure model is proposed. The influence of axial length ratio, height, dielectric layer thickness, and spacing on the transmission characteristics of TSV is further studied by HFSS software. The results show that the transmission of TSV is facilitated by the decrease of axial length ratio, the decrease of height, the increase of dielectric layer thickness, and the increase of TSV spacing. The TSV structural parameter values are optimized by a single variable method. The optimized TSV structure is compared with the original TSV, traditional cylindrical and conical TSV, and coaxial TSV. It is concluded that the elliptic cylindrical TSV structure has better transmission performance. The temperature characteristics of the elliptic cylindrical TSV are simulated. It is indicated that the transmission characteristics of the elliptic cylindrical TSV are poor at low frequency and better at high frequency when the temperature rises.
Design of detection‐jamming shared waveform based on virtual force field algorithm
Authors: Xiong Guomiao , Li Yunpeng , Chen Chao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDue to the technical barriers between radars and jammers and the poor performance of the traditional detection‐jamming shared signal in integrated radar‐electronic warfare systems, a new detection‐jamming shared signal waveform based on the virtual force field algorithm (VFFA) is proposed in this article. First, a multiobjective and multidimensional characteristic parameter optimization model, based on a virtual force field, is established, and then the design principle of the shared signal is presented in detail. The simulation results show that the detection‐jamming shared signal based on the VFFA presents the deceptive jamming of multiple false targets in a noncollaborative target's radar screen. Further, there is better detection performance with the advantages of multiple pulse repetition frequency (PRF) and pulse accumulation numbers, which are highly sensitive to the multijagged PRF signals emitted by the noncollaborative target. According to the VFFA described in this article, the optimum detection‐jamming shared signal waveform can be output in real time for specific free space targets, to improve the efficiency of integrated radar and electronic warfare systems.
Organoleptic and Physicochemical Properties of Soy‐Milk Yoghurt Enriched withMoringa OleiferaRoot Powder
Authors: Ponka Roger , Zhung Peter Mukong , Zomegni Gaston , Tchouape Carolin Gabriel , Fokou Elie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe organoleptic and physicochemical properties of soy‐milk yoghurt enriched with moringa root powder are evaluated here.Moringa oleiferasoy‐milk yoghurt is produced at different formulations blended from cow milk: soymilk:Moringain a ratio of A (100%:0%:0%; B (60%:39.9%:0.1%); C (50%:49.9%:0.1%), D (40%:59.9%:0.1%), and E (0%:99.9%:0.1%) with sample A serving as the control. Sensory analysis is done for each formulation and the physicochemical properties of the preferred formulations are performed. The pH and titratable acidity are measured by a pH meter and titration respectively. Proximate composition is measured according to Association of Official Analytical Chemists methods. The mineral content is determined by atomic spectrophotometry. Results show that soy‐milkMoringaenriched yoghurts (B and C) are preferred after choosing the control (A) as the best. The incorporation of the soy‐milkMoringasignificantly increases the fat, fiber, protein, copper manganese, and iron content in the samples (p < 0.05). Thus Moringa enriched soy‐milk yoghurts (B and C) represent a cheaper alternative to the control (A) providing protein‐energy for low income families that is expected to help reduce the occurrence of kwashiorkor and wasting. The presence of zinc and calcium is expected to help in bone growth and development hence preventing stunting in children under five years and iron is expected to help reduce the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women.
Signatures of life course socioeconomic conditions in brain anatomy
Authors: Loued‐Khenissi Leyla , Trofimova Olga , Vollenweider Peter , Marques‐Vidal Pedro , Preisig Martin , Lutti Antoine , Kliegel Matthias , Sandi Carmen , Kherif Ferhat , Stringhini Silvia , Draganski Bogdan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSocioeconomic status (SES) plays a significant role in health and disease. At the same time, early‐life conditions affect neural function and structure, suggesting the brain may be a conduit for the biological embedding of SES. Here, we investigate the brain anatomy signatures of SES in a large‐scale population cohort aged 45–85 years. We assess both gray matter morphometry and tissue properties indicative of myelin content. Higher life course SES is associated with increased volume in several brain regions, including postcentral and temporal gyri, cuneus, and cerebellum. We observe more widespread volume differences and higher myelin content in the sensorimotor network but lower myelin content in the temporal lobe associated with childhood SES. Crucially, childhood SES differences persisted in adult brains even after controlling for adult SES, highlighting the unique contribution of early‐life conditions to brain anatomy, independent of later changes in SES. These findings inform on the biological underpinnings of social inequality, particularly as they pertain to early‐life conditions.
Pediatric males receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplant lose their male disadvantage in disease risk after the procedure: A retrospective observational study
Authors: De Nardi Laura , Simeone Roberto , Torelli Lucio , Maestro Alessandra , Zanon Davide , Barbi Egidio , Maximova Natalia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSex differences play a relevant role in cancer susceptibility, incidence and survival. Exploring such differences is difficult because of the close interplay of genetic, epigenetic and hormonal factors. However, a better understanding of the role of such disparities in cancer mechanisms could improve its prevention and therapy. Our study explores how sex differences in pediatric outcomes vary after undergoing first and advanced‐line therapy for hematological malignancies. The primary goal was to evaluate if sex differences in pediatric outcomes after first‐line therapy persist after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The secondary goal was to analyze sex differences in disease risk at onset and pediatric outcomes after first‐line therapy to compare our results with the literature's reported results. Among a total of 485 patients (280 males, 205 females) admitted for hematological malignancies, disease risk at the onset was significantly higher in males (P < .05). One hundred and seventy‐four patients (111 males and 63 females) had a high‐risk disease requiring HSCT. Before HSCT, all patients underwent myeloablative conditioning, which substantially impaired gonadal function. Although the number of boys undergoing HSCT was almost double that of girls, there were no sex‐related differences in overall survival, cancer relapse and complications after HSCT exposure (P > .05). These findings suggest that the existing sex differences in cancer risk ab initio can be somehow flattened by a conditioning regimen, shedding new light on the role of hormonal factors in cancer mechanism and management.
Electrosprayed cefazolin‐loaded niosomes onto electrospun chitosan nanofibrous membrane for wound healing applications
Authors: Mansouri Milad , Barzi Seyed Mahmoud , Zafari Mahdi , Chiani Mohsen , Chehrazi Mojtaba , Nosrati Hamed , Shams Nosrati Mohammad Sadegh , Nayyeri Sara , Khodaei Mohammad , Bonakdar Shahin , Shafiei Morvarid 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChronic wounds are among the most therapeutically challenging conditions, which are commonly followed by bacterial infection. The ideal approach to treat such injuries are synergistic infection therapy and skin tissue regeneration. In the recent decades, nanotechnology has played a critical role in eradicating bacterial infections by introducing several carriers developed for drug delivery. Moreover, advances in tissue engineering have resulted in new drug delivery systems that can improve the skin regeneration rate and quality. In this study, cefazolin‐loaded niosomes were electrosprayed onto chitosan membrane for wound healing applications. For this purpose, niosomes were obtained by the thin‐film hydration method; electrospinning was then conducted to fabricate nanofibrous mats. In vitro characterization of the scaffold was performed to evaluate the physicochemical and biological properties. Finally, in vivo studies were carried out to evaluate the potential use of the membrane for skin regeneration. In vitro results indicated the antibacterial properties of the membrane against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) due to the gradual release of cefazolin from niosomes. The scaffolds also showed no cell toxicity. In vivo studies also confirmed the ability of the membrane to enhance skin regeneration by improving re‐epithelialization, tissue remodeling, and angiogenesis. The current study could well show the promising role of the prepared scaffold for skin regeneration and bacterial infection elimination.
An ETS‐NOCV‐based computational strategies for the characterization of concerted transition states involving CO2
Authors: Sorbelli Diego , Belanzoni Paola , Belpassi Leonardo , Lee Ji‐Woong , Ciancaleoni Gianluca 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDue to the presence of both a slightly acidic carbon and a slightly basic oxygen, carbon dioxide is often involved in concerted transition states (TSs) with two (or more) different molecular events interlaced in the same step. The possibility of isolating and quantitatively evaluating each molecular event would be important to characterize and understand the reaction mechanism in depth. This could be done, in principle, by measuring the relevant distances in the optimized TS, but often distances are not accurate enough, especially in the presence of many simultaneous processes. Here, we have applied the Extended Transition State‐Natural Orbital for Chemical Valence‐method (ETS‐NOCV), also in combination with the Activation Strain Model (ASM) and Energy Decomposition Analysis (EDA), to separate and quantify these molecular events at the TS of both organometallic and organic reactions. For the former, we chose the decomposition of formic acid to CO2 by an iridium catalyst, and for the latter, a CO2‐mediated transamidation and its chemical variations (hydro‐ and aminolysis of an ester) as case studies. We demonstrate that the one‐to‐one mapping between the “molecular events” and the ETS‐NOCV components is maintained along the entire lowest energy path connecting reactants and products around the TS, thus enabling a detailed picture on the relative importance of each interacting component. The methodology proposed here provides valuable insights into the effect of different chemical substituents on the reaction mechanism and promises to be generally applicable for any concerted TSs.
A multi‐informant and multi‐polygenic approach to understanding predictors of peer victimisation in childhood and adolescence
Authors: Armitage Jessica M. , Morneau‐Vaillancourt Geneviève , Pingault Jean‐Baptiste , Andlauer Till F. M. , Paquin Stéphane , Langevin Stéphanie , Brendgen Mara , Dionne Ginette , Séguin Jean , Rouleau Guy , Vitaro Frank , Ouellet‐Morin Isabelle , Boivin Michel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionPeer victimisation is a prevalent occurrence in childhood and adolescence and can often have long‐lasting consequences. Previous research using polygenic scores (PGSs) have revealed various genetic vulnerabilities as predictive of victimisation in childhood. However, findings were based on self‐report and may therefore be influenced by varying self‐perceptions. Previous investigations also focused on average victimisation across childhood, and thus do not capture variability in polygenic predictability over time. The present study, therefore, aimed to investigate associations between PGSs and victimisation using separate and combined reports from teachers and peers in childhood, as well as self‐reports in later adolescence to explore trajectories of victimisation.MethodsData were derived from the Quebec Newborn Twin Study. Participants were assessed for victimisation using self‐reports from 7 to 17 years and using teacher ratings and peer nominations between 7 and 10 years (n = 536). Ten PGSs related to mental health, cognitive abilities and physical traits were examined as possible predictors of victimisation using linear regressions and growth curve models.ResultsFindings revealed that PGSs associated with victimisation are consistent across informants, but to varying extent according to estimated effect sizes. Self‐reported victimisation was predicted by PGSs related to mental health, while PGSs related to cognitive and physical traits had larger effect estimates when predicting teacher‐ and peer‐reported victimisation. The PGS for educational attainment was consistently negatively associated with victimisation across informants, producing the largest effect estimates (β = −.104, 95% CI = −.169 to −.039) when predicting a multi‐informant measure of victimisation. No PGS predicted changes in victimisation over time.ConclusionWhile the PGS for educational attainment is a robust predictor of victimisation, many PGSs are differentially associated with victimisation depending on the informant. Such findings highlight the need to pay close attention to the phenotypic assessment of victimisation, and show that using multiple informants can both strengthen and provide unique insight into how associations may occur.
The influence of the COVID‐19 pandemic on spring turkey hunting
Authors: Chizinski Christopher J. , Gruntorad Matthew P. , Lusk Jeffrey J. , Meduna Luke R. , Inselman Will M. , Fontaine Joseph J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe rapid rise of COVID‐19 and the governmental response to slow the spread of the pandemic occurred prior to, or during, the opening of the spring wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) hunting seasons (Mar to May 2020) in the United States. The response of fish and wildlife agencies to the pandemic varied throughout the United States during the spring turkey season. The Nebraska Game and Parks Commission (NGPC) suspended the sale of non‐resident, spring turkey hunting permits on 30 March 2020 in a proactive effort to minimize the spread of COVID‐19. In this study, we evaluated the extent that the COVID‐19 pandemic affected the spring turkey permit sales and harvest in Nebraska, USA. We combined information from NGPC's electronic licensing system, responses from 2017–2019 spring turkey hunter surveys (pre‐pandemic), and responses from the 2020 (during the pandemic) spring turkey hunter survey, which included additional questions about the influence of COVID‐19 on respondents' hunting experiences. There was an increase in the number of resident hunters (23%) and resident permits sold (26%) and a decrease in the number of non‐resident hunters (−88%) and non‐resident permits sold (−89%) in 2020 as compared to the 3 years prior. Further, non‐residents, more so than Nebraska residents, claimed that the COVID‐19 pandemic affected their spring turkey hunting in their precautions taken, overall satisfaction, pre‐season planning for the spring turkey season, and plans made prior to the outbreak. Wildlife agencies should prepare for the potential effects that significant disruptions (like that observed with the COVID‐19 pandemic) might have on hunting participation, especially if a significant portion of revenue is derived from non‐resident permit sales, and develop plans and policies so that they can react appropriately.
Editors publishing in their own journals: A systematic review of prevalence and a discussion of normative aspects
Authors: Helgesson Gert , Radun Igor , Radun Jenni , Nilsonne Gustav 
Published: February 2022

AbstractJournal editors are the main gatekeepers in scientific publishing. Yet there is a concern that they may receive preferential treatment when submitting manuscripts to their own journals. The prevalence of such self‐publishing is not known, nor the consequences for reliability and trustworthiness of published research. This study aimed to systematically review the literature on the prevalence of editors publishing in their own journals and to conduct a normative ethical analysis of this practice. A systematic review was performed using the following databases: Medline, PsycInfo, Scopus and Web of Science. Articles that provided primary data about editors publishing in own journals were included. We identified 15 studies meeting inclusion criteria. There was large variability of self‐publishing across fields, journals and editors, ranging from those who never published in their own journal to those publishing extensively in their own journal. Many studies suffered from serious methodological limitations. Nevertheless, our results show that there are settings where levels of self‐publication are very high. We recommend that editors‐in‐chief and associate editors who have considerable power in journals refrain from publishing research articles in their own journals. Journals should have clear processes in place about the treatment of articles submitted by editorial board members.