bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial and Temporal Origins of the La Perouse Low Oxygen Pool: A Combined Lagrangian Statistical Approach
Authors: Sahu Saurav , Allen Susan E. , Saldías Gonzalo S. , Klymak Jody M. , Zhai Li 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA shortage of dissolved oxygen in seawater can adversely impact marine life and ecosystems. Low oxygen conditions at depth occur in many coastal regions, driven by both local productivity and remote changes in the source waters. A low‐oxygen dense pool of water is observed every summer over the mid‐shelf off southwest Vancouver Island in the Juan de Fuca Eddy region. We trace the dense pool waters back to their source using Lagrangian Particle tracking in an ocean model. The model accuracy is evaluated against a set of dense observations collected in August 2013. Only locations where the model represents water properties well are used as starting locations for the tracking. These locations are selected using a K‐Means clustering algorithm. Tracking particles backwards in time showed that the low oxygen dense pool is primarily composed of water from the California Undercurrent, shallower water from further offshore of the Washington shelf, and offshore water. Waters from the northern shelf were not a primary source even though summer currents are from the north. Correspondingly, the water primarily arrived in the south Vancouver Island region in spring, months before the cruise. A kernel density estimate shows the final water properties of the dense pool are well represented by this mixture. The dense water pathways up and onto the shelf are primarily through coastal submarine canyons in early summer. Combining high spatial resolution observations, a carefully evaluated numerical model, Lagrangian tracking, and statistical techniques reveal detailed answers not obtainable through a single method.
Experiment and Simulation of One Deep Sewage Discharge Type: Transport of Low‐Salinity Sediment‐Laden Flow Discharged
Authors: Shen Xia , Li Ran , Cai Huanjie , Feng Jingjie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDeep sewage discharge leads to inestimable damage to the ambient water (lakes, oceans and reservoirs), which has caused widespread social concern. In the current paper, a three‐dimensional (3D) buoyancy plume model for deep sewage discharge was developed. It simulates sediment‐laden flow with the effects of temperature and salinity differences. Taking the turbulent diffusion coefficient of salinity (αsal) as the calibration parameter, a comparison between the RNG k‐ε and the standard k‐ε models was performed. The proposed model was verified well and agreement with experiment, which proved that the RNG model with the αsal value of 0.4 was the optimal calibration. Then the model was applied to quantify the behavior of the buoyant plume in the ambient fluid (salt water) with respect to different contours of turbulent kinetic energy (k), temperature, salinity and sediment. The dimensionless centerline trajectory positions and boundary positions of them were determined. The results indicated that the discharge of low‐salinity sediment‐bearing water influenced the deep ambient water spatially, both near the free surface and in the vertical plane. Different diffusion and spreading shapes (butterfly, Ginkgo biloba, bean) can be observed on the surface. Accurately evaluating the impact of deep discharge on ambient water has great significance for maintaining healthy and sustainable environments in offshore areas, deep lakes and reservoirs.
Population-based incidence and risk factors for cholestasis in hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn
Authors: Teng Jonas , Wickman Linnéa , Reilly Marie , Nemeth Antal , Fischler Björn , Bohlin Kajsa , Tiblad Eleonor 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the incidence of cholestasis in neonates with hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) and investigate risk factors and long-term liver disease.Study designA population-based cohort study of all infants born with HDFN within the Stockholm region between 2006 and 2015. The study period was the first 90 days of life, and presence of any chronic liver disease was evaluated at two years of age.ResultsCholestasis occurred in 7% (11/149). Median age at detection was 1.1 days. Intrauterine blood transfusions and maternal alloimmunization with multiple red blood cell antibodies including D-, c- or K-antibodies were independent risk factors for cholestasis. No infant had chronic liver disease at two years of age.ConclusionsInfants with severe HDFN have increased risk for cholestasis, particularly those requiring multiple intrauterine transfusions. Early and repeated screening for conjugated hyperbilirubinemia in the first week of life is needed to ensure adequate management.
Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on hematopoietic cell transplantation and cellular therapies in Europe 2020: a report from the EBMT activity survey
Authors: Passweg Jakob R. , Baldomero Helen , Chabannon Christian , Corbacioglu Selim , de la Cámara Rafael , Dolstra Harry , Glass Bertram , Greco Raffaella , Mohty Mohamad , Neven Bénédicte , Peffault de Latour Régis , Perić Zinaida , Snowden John A. , Yakoub-Agha Ibrahim , Sureda Anna , Kröger Nicolaus ,   for the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT)
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn 2020, 45,364 HCT in 41,016 patients, 18,796 (41%) allogeneic and 26,568 (59%) autologous in 690 centers were reported. Changes observed were as follows: total number of HCT −6.5%, allogeneic HCT −5.1%, autologous HCT −7.5%, and were more pronounced in non-malignant disorders for allogeneic HCT and in autoimmune disease for autologous HCT. Main indications were myeloid malignancies 10,441 (25%), lymphoid malignancies 26,120 (64%) and non-malignant disorders 2532 (6%). A continued growth in CAR-T cellular therapies to 1874 (+65%) patients in 2020 was observed. In allogeneic HCT, the use of haploidentical donors increased while use of unrelated and sibling donors decreased. Cord blood HCT increased by 11.7% for the first time since 2012. There was a significant increase in the use of non-myeloablative but a drop in myeloablative conditioning and in use of marrow as stem cell source. We interpreted these changes as being due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic starting early in 2020 in Europe and provided additional data reflecting the varying impact of the pandemic across selected countries and larger cities. The transplant community confronted with the pandemic challenge, continued in providing patients access to treatment. This annual report of the EBMT reflects current activities useful for health care planning.
Long noncoding RNA SNHG1 silencing accelerates hepatocyte-like cell differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells to alleviate cirrhosis via the microRNA-15a/SMURF1/UVRAG axis
Authors: Sun Jia , Sun Xuedong , Hu Sean , Wang Maoqiang , Ma Na , Chen Junhui , Duan Feng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) to attenuate cirrhosis. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG1 has been demonstrated to orchestrate BMSC differentiation, whereas its role in cirrhosis remains elusive. Therefore, this study was performed to figure out whether lncRNA SNHG1 was involved in cirrhosis by affecting HLC differentiation of BMSCs. Mouse BMSCs were isolated, and the BMSC differentiation into HLCs was induced by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). A cirrhotic mouse model was established using carbon tetrachloride and phenobarbital, followed by intravenous injection of BMSCs with manipulated expression of lncRNA SNHG1, microRNA (miR)-15a, and SMURF1. Subsequent to HGF induction, expression of hepatocyte-related genes, albumin secretion, and glycogen accumulation was increased in BMSCs, suggesting the differentiation of BMSCs into HLCs. Mechanistically, lncRNA SNHG1 bound to miR-15a that targeted SMURF1, and SMURF1 diminished ATG5 and Wnt5a expression by enhancing the ubiquitination of UVRAG. LncRNA SNHG1 or SMURF1 silencing or miR-15a overexpression promoted differentiation of BMSCs into HLCs and repressed cirrhosis of mice by upregulating ATG5 and Wnt5a via UVRAG. Conclusively, lncRNA SNHG1 silencing might facilitate HLC differentiation from mouse BMSCs and alleviate cirrhosis via the miR-15a/SMURF1/UVRAG/ATG5/Wnt5a axis.
Direct synthesis of a robust cellulosic composite from cellulose acetate and a nanofibrillated bacterial cellulose sol
Authors: Wada Naoki , Fujie Tetsuo , Sasaki Ren , Matsushima Tokuo , Takahashi Kenji 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are potential candidates as environmentally friendly reinforcing fibers, and their compatibilization with plastics has attracted widespread interest. In this study, we developed a simple method to prepare a cellulose acetate (CA) composite reinforced by nanofibrillated bacterial cellulose (NFBC) directly from an aqueous sol. The key steps of our method were the utilization of a water/organic mixed solvent to maintain a good dispersion of the NFBC and good dissolution of CA, along with the evaporation of this mixed solvent without significant aggregation of the NFBC. This simple technique improved the dispersibility of the NFBC in the composite film and significantly enhanced its mechanical strength.
Lentiviral standards to determine the sensitivity of assays that quantify lentiviral vector copy numbers and genomic insertion sites in cells
Authors: Corre Guillaume , Seye Ababacar , Frin Sophie , Ferrand Maxime , Winkler Kathrin , Luc Cyril , Dorange Fabien , Rocca Céline J. , Galy Anne 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWith an increasing number of gene therapy clinical trials and drugs reaching the market, it becomes important to standardize the methods that evaluate the efficacy and safety of gene therapy. We herein report the generation of lentiviral standards which are stable, cloned human cells prepared from the diploid HCT116 cell line and which carry a known number of lentiviral vector copies in their genome. These clones can be used as reference cellular materials for the calibration or qualification of analytical methods that quantify vector copy numbers in cells (VCN) or lentiviral vector genomic integration sites (IS). Cellular standards were used to show the superior precision of digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) over quantitative PCR (qPCR) for VCN determination. This enabled us to develop a new sensitive and specific VCN ddPCR method specific for the integrated provirus and not recognizing the transfer plasmid. The cellular standards, were also useful to assess the sensitivity and limits of a ligation-mediated PCR (LM-PCR) method to measure IS showing that at least 1% abundance of a single IS can be detected in a polyclonal population but that not all IS can be amplified with similar efficiency. Thus, lentiviral standards should be systematically used in all assays that assess lentiviral gene therapy efficacy and safety.
Deep learning forecasting using time-varying parameters of the SIRD model for Covid-19
Authors: Bousquet Arthur , Conrad William H. , Sadat Said Omer , Vardanyan Nelli , Hong Youngjoon 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Accurate epidemiological models are necessary for governments, organizations, and individuals to respond appropriately to the ongoing novel coronavirus pandemic. One informative metric epidemiological models provide is the basic reproduction number ($$R_0$$

R
0

), which can describe if the infected population is growing ($$R_0 > 1$$

R
0

>
1

) or shrinking ($$R_0 < 1$$

R
0

<
1

). We introduce a novel algorithm that incorporates the susceptible-infected-recovered-dead model (SIRD model) with the long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network that allows for real-time forecasting and time-dependent parameter estimates, including the contact rate, $$\beta$$
β
, and deceased rate, $$\mu$$
μ
. With an accurate prediction of $$\beta$$
β
and $$\mu$$
μ
, we can directly derive $$R_0$$

R
0

, and find a numerical solution of compartmental models, such as the SIR-type models. Incorporating the epidemiological model dynamics of the SIRD model into the LSTM network, the new algorithm improves forecasting accuracy. Furthermore, we utilize mobility data from cellphones and positive test rate in our prediction model, and we also present a vaccination model. Leveraging mobility and vaccination schedule is important for capturing behavioral changes by individuals in response to the pandemic as well as policymakers.
Prevalence of neural epidermal growth factor-like 1- and exostosin 1/exostosin 2-associated membranous nephropathy: a single-center retrospective study in Japan
Authors: Iwakura Takamasa , Ema Chiemi , Isobe Shinsuke , Fujikura Tomoyuki , Ohashi Naro , Kato Akihiko , Yasuda Hideo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMembranous nephropathy (MN) is the leading cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults. We previously reported that the prevalence of phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R)- and thrombospondin type 1 domain containing 7A (THSD7A)-associated MN patients in Japan is 52.7% and 9.1%, respectively. In addition to PLA2R and THSD7A, we assessed the presence of newly discovered target antigens, neural epidermal growth factor-like 1 (NELL-1), semaphorin 3B (SEMA3B), and exostosin 1/exostosin 2 (Ext1/Ext2), in renal specimens from patients with primary and secondary MN by immunohistochemistry. We found enhanced glomerular staining of PLA2R, THSD7A, NELL-1, and Ext1/Ext2 in 53.6%, 8.7%, 1.5%, and 13.0% of the renal samples, respectively, in patients with primary MN. None of the patient specimens showed enhanced staining of SEMA3B. Enhanced glomerular staining of PLA2R, NELL-1, and Ext1/Ext2 was detected in 5.7%, 8.6%, and 22.9% of the patients with secondary MN, respectively. Based on our findings, we recommend the assessment of PLA2R, THSD7A and NELL-1 in addition to clinical information and IgG4 staining to differentiate between primary and secondary MN. This would aid in distinguishing secondary MN patients from primary MN patients who coincidentally have some secondary characteristics.
Prognostic impact of postoperative systemic inflammatory response in patients with stage II/III gastric cancer
Authors: Kuroda Kenji , Toyokawa Takahiro , Miki Yuichiro , Yoshii Mami , Tamura Tatsuro , Tanaka Hiroaki , Lee Shigeru , Muguruma Kazuya , Yashiro Masakazu , Ohira Masaichi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study examined whether the systemic inflammatory response present in the early phase of the postoperative state correlates with long-term outcomes and to identify markers in patients with stage II/III gastric cancer. 444 consecutive patients who underwent radical gastrectomy for stage II/III gastric cancer were retrospectively reviewed. We evaluated maximum serum C-reactive protein (CRPmax) and white blood cell count (WBCmax), defined as the maximum serum CRP level and maximum WBC count during the interval from surgery until discharge, as systemic inflammation markers. In univariate analyses, CRPmax, WBCmax and infectious complications were significantly associated with both overall survival (OS) (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.011, respectively) and relapse-free survival (RFS) (p < 0.001, p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that high-CRPmax (> 9.2 mg/dL) was an independent prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio (HR) 1.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19–2.36, p = 0.003) and RFS (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.12–2.18, p = 0.009), while WBCmax and infectious complications were not. CRPmax, which reflects the magnitude of systemic inflammation induced by surgical stress and postoperative complications in the early phase after surgery, may be a promising prognostic indicator in patients with stage II/III gastric cancer who undergo curative resection.
A synthetic protein as efficient multitarget regulator against complement over-activation
Authors: Ruiz-Molina Natalia , Parsons Juliana , Müller Madeleine , Hoernstein Sebastian N. W. , Bohlender Lennard L. , Pumple Steffen , Zipfel Peter F. , Häffner Karsten , Reski Ralf , Decker Eva L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe complement system constitutes the innate defense against pathogens. Its dysregulation leads to diseases and is a critical determinant in many viral infections, e.g., COVID-19. Factor H (FH) is the main regulator of the alternative pathway of complement activation and could be a therapy to restore homeostasis. However, recombinant FH is not available. Engineered FH versions may be alternative therapeutics. Here, we designed a synthetic protein, MFHR13, as a multitarget complement regulator. It combines the dimerization and C5-regulatory domains of human FH-related protein 1 (FHR1) with the C3-regulatory and cell surface recognition domains of human FH, including SCR 13. In summary, the fusion protein MFHR13 comprises SCRs FHR11-2:FH1-4:FH13:FH19-20. It protects sheep erythrocytes from complement attack exhibiting 26 and 4-fold the regulatory activity of eculizumab and human FH, respectively. Furthermore, we demonstrate that MFHR13 and FHR1 bind to all proteins forming the membrane attack complex, which contributes to the mechanistic understanding of FHR1. We consider MFHR13 a promising candidate as therapeutic for complement-associated diseases.
A Mixed Methods Study of Hearing Loss, Communication, and Social Engagement in a Group Care Setting for Older Adults
Authors: Mamo Sara K. , Wheeler Kara A. , Plano Clark Vicki L. , Jacelon Cynthia S. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to characterize the communication needs of older adults in group care environments and understand the factors that foster engaged communication.

Method:

This mixed methods study provides an in-depth analysis of communication and engagement for older adults at two Program for All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE) sites. Seventy-two PACE participants (
M
age
= 74 years) completed a hearing test, cognitive screener (Memory Orientation Screening Test [MOST]), the Institute of Medicine (IOM) Measures of Social and Behavioral Determinants of Health Questionnaire, and the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale. Using maximum variation sampling based on hearing status and UCLA Loneliness scores, 19 participants were invited to do (and 11 participants completed) one-on-one semistructured interviews. In addition, 35 staff members participated in five focus groups. Field observations were interspersed throughout the data collection period.

Results:
Results suggest that communication challenges such as hearing loss, cognitive decline, and social isolation are highly prevalent in this convenience sample. Sixty-seven percent have at least a mild hearing loss in the better hearing ear. Eighty-two percent scored in the “very” or “most isolated” range of the IOM Measures of Social and Behavioral Determinants of Health questionnaire. The mean score on the MOST cognitive screener was 17.6, which is below the dementia screening cutoff score of 18 points. A thematic analysis of the qualitative data suggests that the PACE programs support socialization and engagement. A conceptual framework was developed by integrating quantitative and qualitative findings to recognize what contributes to meaningful interactions or engaged communication.

Conclusions:
Identifying communication challenges can enhance the benefits individuals can experience at care facilities and lessen the burden of the staff members trying to provide safe and effective care. In order to maximize the potential benefit of attending group-based day centers, the communication challenges and motivations of older adults need to be addressed.
Model study of target discrimination in concurrent auditory events
Authors: Yihang Du , Chao Sun , Ke Niu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWith the development of automation technology in human‐machine interface, the traditional visual display no longer met the needs of complicated control systems, while auditory display has become an important part of human‐machine interface design. Analysing the auditory attention selection behaviours in concurrent auditory events is essential for the design and evaluation of the auditory interface. Listeners tend to pay attention to auditory target with physical attributes which were more salient and informative with deep cognitive level. Listeners tend to focus on the important information in the concurrent auditory events. By combining the two tendencies of the selective attention mechanism, the binary Logit model was built to analyse human auditory selective attention (ASA) behaviour, and the auditory target's selection can be transformed into a probability event. The continuous speech‐shaped noise (SSN) was described by the concurrent auditory events scene, which is a typical target discrimination task for ASA. An experiment using the target discrimination task in SSN was conducted to verify the model. The results showed that the listener's attention behaviour was in good agreement with the proposed Logit model. The proposed ASA model is effective and reasonable, which is promising for use in behaviour analysis, auditory display optimization, and interface design.
Research on multiplexed colour QR code with direct readability
Authors: Huang Yuan , Cao Peng , Li Jie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWith the rapid popularization of QR code technology, colour QR code is an important direction of its development, making it of great value to research a colour QR code that can be read directly while improving the data capacity. This letter proposes a novel composite colour QR code by combining colour coding and multiplexing technology. Based on the actual demands of high‐capacity, this code presents the public identification information in the form of the plain code and conceals the secret information (e.g., authentication information such as traceability, blockchain) as the hidden code. The reading conditions of colour QR codes are discussed, a colour coding model is established and the corresponding algorithm to optimize its design is given. Through code scanning tests, it is verified that this kind of code has significant value in the field of anti‐counterfeiting, commodity marketing etc.
An efficient coding‐based grayscale image automatic colorization method combined with attention mechanism
Authors: Qin Xujia , Li Mengjia , Liu Yuehui , Zheng Hongbo , Chen Jiazhou , Zhang Meiyu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe development of deep learning provides a new way for solving the colorization problem on the grayscale image. Excellent coding‐based methods appear in the automatic image colorization task, avoiding the unsaturated colour effect problem of previous methods based on the L2 loss function. Traditional neural networks come with high computational costs and a large number of parameters. Considering the limitation of memory and computing resources and aiming at lightweight, a novel grey image automatic colorization network is proposed. The basic idea of coding‐based methods is used, regarding the colorization task as a pixel‐level classification problem, meanwhile redesign and improve the colour encoding and decoding process. This network architecture leverages a lightweight convolution to reduce the computation and combines an efficient attention model to form a residual block as the kernel of the backbone network. Furthermore, an efficient image self‐attention mechanism placed at the end of the network is applied to enhance the ultimate colouring results. The method proposed in this paper can maintain the natural colouring effect and significantly reduce the computational amount and network model parameters.