bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical Student’s Perception of Diagnostic Surgical Pathology Course: Necessities, Difficulties and Solutions
Authors: Agarwal Anshoo , Shah Syed Sajid Hussain , Syed Asmara , Alrawaili Abdulmajed Mohammad A. , Alanazi Ghadah Khalid H. , Alzalbani Mohammed Khalid M. 
Published: November 2022

Background: Students’ perceptions and feedback have a significant impact on academic progress. The aim of this study was to determine the perceptions of medical students regarding the surgical pathology course taken by medical students at Northern Border University.
Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was given to medical students taking this course. The questionnaire comprised several items on students’ attitudes toward surgical pathology. And a five-point Likert scale was used. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) v 20 software. Results: One hundred and fifty three questionnaires received from the students were analysed.
Discussion and Conclusions: The answers to the questionnaire showed that ‘one size fits all’ approach cannot be employed for educating the students. A combination of different strategies and methods helped improve student satisfaction, particularly in regard with case presentation studies and practical’s. New strategies were adopted not just for improving academic performance but keeping in mind future clinical practice, enhancing students’ understanding and knowledge retention abilities.
Key words: medical student’s, perception , diagnostic surgical pathology course: necessities, difficulties and solutions.
On the Ideological and Political Education of Material Specialty Courses under the Background of the Internet
Authors: Cheng Peng , Yang Liuqing , Niu Ting , Li Boqiong 
Published: December 2022

Under the background of the Internet, discussions are conducted in this paper on the teaching practice of political and ideological curriculum in materials disciplines from teaching idea, teaching design, teaching process and teaching based evaluation mechanism, which can effectively improve the students' ideological and political participation and satisfaction. As a result, it improves the teaching effect on ideological and political theory, providing certain references for other educational reform in ideology and politics. As a result, it brings new opportunities for the development of material specialty.
A Pragmatic Analysis of Politeness and Impoliteness Theory in TikTok
Authors: Zhao Ye 
Published: December 2022

Natural language is a combination of polite speech and impolite speech, while politeness is to behave in a decent and thoughtful manner towards other individuals, impoliteness shows people's contempt and dissatisfaction. As the Internet advances, impolite speech occurs increasingly. Thus, this research aims at furthering politeness and impoliteness analysis, then let people have a deeper understanding of polite and impolite speeches in an international short video platform — TikTok.
Teachers and students’ perceptions about remote teaching in higher education: online qualitative research
Authors: Vale Pereira Ana , De Oliveira Martins Alcina Manuela , Coimbra Nazaré 
Published: November 2022

This study analyses the impacts and challenges of emergency remote teaching in Higher Education institutions in Porto due to the COVID-19 crisis in 2020. We carried out an exploratory study of a qualitative nature to analyze the perceptions of teachers and students about the digitalisation of the teaching and learning process in Higher Education. Data were collected through semi-structured online, synchronous interviews with ten professors, who accepted to participate, and balances of the lived experience written and made available on the Moodle Platform by ten students. Subsequently, content analysis and triangulation were carried out with the support of the Nvivo Software. The study revealed that remote teaching in Higher Education had an impact on reinforcing the training of teachers and students in using new technologies and on changing pedagogical practices. In addition, it can contribute to researchers' reflections on online data collection in qualitative research.
Analysis of Blended Learning on Student Interest in Physical Education for 10th Grade High School
Authors: Anwar Khoirul , Firmansyah Ihwan , Andriani Miranti Widi 
Published: November 2022

Blended learning is an important learning model application for today's needs, with meetings through e-learning and face-to-face. Basically, the purpose of this research is to observe carefully and then carry out a thorough discussion of the application of learning activities using the blended learning method, which is linked and linked to interest in learning PJOK. This type of research is descriptive quantitative with a survey method. The sample used is the students of SMAN 2 Bangkalan class X, with as many as 103 respondents. The data collection method used a questionnaire distributed online at the school. The data were then analyzed using percentage calculations. Based on the research results, most of them are categorized as very low 9%, low 19%, moderate 45%, high 22%, and very high 5%. The results of this research can be interpreted that the implementation of learning using a blended learning approach to interest in learning PJOK subjects is moderate. The conclusion is that the implementation of blended learning is in the medium category, which means that it is not very interesting for students in PJOK subjects. Improving facilities as learning support using a blended learning approach to increase interest in PJOK subjects is a suggestion that can be given from research results.
Analysis of drug prescriptions of patients with atrial fibrillation in combination with chronic kidney disease for compliance with STOPP/START criteria
Authors: Shatalova N. A. , Batyukina S. V. , Chernyaeva M. S. , Kochetkov A. I. , Ebzeeva Ye. Yu. , Ostroumova O. D. 
Published: November 2022

The percentage of elderly and senile patients is growing every year. Among this cohort of patients, atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common rhythm disorders. At the same time, AF repeatedly increases the risk of thromboembolic complications. The course of AF in elderly patients is often complicated by chronic kidney disease (CKD). When managing patients of this group, we often encounter polypragmasia, which affects the patient’s quality of life, increases the risk of falls, and potentially reduces life expectancy. In order to optimize pharmacotherapy, STOPP/ START criteria were developed.The purpose of the study was the analysis of drug prescriptions in patients over 65 years of age with AF and CKD for compliance with the STOPP/ START criteria.Material and methods. 339 case histories of the cardiology department and 180 case histories of patients of the therapeutic department of the Veterans of Wars multidisciplinary hospital were analyzed. In each department, patients were divided into 2 groups: patients with AF in combination with CKD C3a and patients with AF in combination with CKD C3b and C4.Results. In the therapeutic department, 96.1% of the first group and 100.0% of the second group of patients were not prescribed drugs that are recommended for elderly patients (START criteria). 64.7% of patients from the first group and 53.8% of patients from the second group have potentially not recommended, but prescribed drugs (STOPP criteria) in the appointment lists In the cardiology department, the percentage of patients who did not have the recommended drugs (START criteria) in drug therapy was 92% in group 3, 97% in group 4. The percentage of patients who were prescribed potentially non-recommended drugs (STOP criteria) in group 3 45%, in group 4 48%.Conclusion. Most elderly and senile patients with AF in combination with CKD have both START and STOPP criteria, which dictates a thorough analysis of the prescribed drug therapy.
Features of metabolic disorders in centenarians
Authors: Topolyanskaya S. V. , Eliseeva T. A. , Turna O. I. , Vakulenko O. N. , Romanova M. A. , Dvoretski L. I. , Rachina S. A. , Lytkina K. A. , Melkonyan G. G. 
Published: November 2022

Aim: to study the features of purine, lipid and carbohydrate metabolic disorders in patients with coronary artery disease over 90 years old (centenarians).Materials and methods. The study enrolled 225 patients over 90 years, hospitalized with coronary artery disease. The majority of patients (67.6%) were women. The mean age of the patients reached 92.5+2.2 years (from 90 to 106 years).The blood levels of uric acid, lipids, glucose and body mass index were determined.Results. Obesity was registered in 31.5% of patients, grade III obesity – in 1 patient. Overweight was observed in 39.1% of patients, normal body mass index (BMI) – in 28.9%. An increase in the blood concentration of triglycerides was determined in 11.2% of patients. A decrease in the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was registered in 12.7% of patients. The blood concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) less than 2.0 mmol/l was observed in 23.3% of cases. Dyslipidemia was registered more often in women (p=0.02). Hyperuricemia was found in 37.3% of patients – in 41.4% of women and 28.8% of men (p=0.04). Elevated fasting blood glucose levels were determined in 23.1% of patients, but only 0.9% of patients had glucose levels above 14 mmol/l.Conclusion. The study results indicate some features of metabolic disorders in centenarians with coronary artery disease. Most of the patients were obese or overweight. Frequent hyperuricemia was registered, but relatively low levels of atherogenic lipids and glucose.
Assessment of a diverse panel of transmitted/founder HIV-1 infectious molecular clones in a luciferase based CD8 T-cell mediated viral inhibition assay
Authors: Fernandez Natalia , Hayes Peter , Makinde Julia , Hare Jonathan , King Deborah , Xu Rui , Rehawi Ola , Mezzell Allison T. , Kato Laban , Mugaba Susan , Serwanga Jennifer , Chemweno James , Nduati Eunice , Price Matt A. , Osier Faith , Ochsenbauer Christina , Yue Ling , Hunter Eric , Gilmour Jill ,   The IAVI protocol C investigators
Published: December 2022

IntroductionImmunological protection against human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection is likely to require both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, the latter involving cytotoxic CD8 T-cells. Characterisation of CD8 T-cell mediated direct anti-viral activity would provide understanding of potential correlates of immune protection and identification of critical epitopes associated with HIV-1 control.MethodsThe present report describes a functional viral inhibition assay (VIA) to assess CD8 T-cell-mediated inhibition of replication of a large and diverse panel of 45 HIV-1 infectious molecular clones (IMC) engineered with a Renilla reniformis luciferase reporter gene (LucR), referred to as IMC-LucR. HIV-1 IMC replication in CD4 T-cells and CD8 T-cell mediated inhibition was characterised in both ART naive subjects living with HIV-1 covering a broad human leukocyte antigen (HLA) distribution and compared with uninfected subjects.Results &amp; discussionCD4 and CD8 T-cell lines were established from subjects vaccinated with a candidate HIV-1 vaccine and provided standard positive controls for both assay quality control and facilitating training and technology transfer. The assay was successfully established across 3 clinical research centres in Kenya, Uganda and the United Kingdom and shown to be reproducible. This IMC-LucR VIA enables characterisation of functional CD8 T-cell responses providing a tool for rational T-cell immunogen design of HIV-1 vaccine candidates and evaluation of vaccine-induced T-cell responses in HIV-1 clinical trials.
One-carbon pathway metabolites are altered in the plasma of subjects with Down syndrome: Relation to chromosomal dosage
Authors: Vione Beatrice , Ramacieri Giuseppe , Zavaroni Giacomo , Piano Angela , La Rocca Giorgia , Caracausi Maria , Vitale Lorenza , Piovesan Allison , Gori Caterina , Pirazzoli Gian Luca , Strippoli Pierluigi , Cocchi Guido , Corvaglia Luigi , Locatelli Chiara , Pelleri Maria Chiara , Antonaros Francesca 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionDown syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal disorder and it is caused by trisomy of chromosome 21 (Hsa21). Subjects with DS show a large heterogeneity of phenotypes and the most constant clinical features present are typical facies and intellectual disability (ID). Several studies demonstrated that trisomy 21 causes an alteration in the metabolic profile, involving among all the one-carbon cycle.MethodsWe performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to identify the concentration of 5 different intermediates of the one-carbon cycle in plasma samples obtained from a total of 164 subjects with DS compared to 54 euploid subjects. We investigated: tetrahydrofolate (THF; DS n = 108, control n = 41), 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-methyl-THF; DS n = 140, control n = 34), 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (5-formyl-THF; DS n = 80, control n = 21), S-adenosyl-homocysteine (SAH; DS n = 94, control n = 20) and S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM; DS n = 24, control n = 15).ResultsResults highlight specific alterations of THF with a median concentration ratio DS/control of 2:3, a decrease of a necessary molecule perfectly consistent with a chromosomal dosage effect. Moreover, SAM and SAH show a ratio DS/control of 1.82:1 and 3.6:1, respectively.DiscussionThe relevance of these results for the biology of intelligence and its impairment in trisomy 21 is discussed, leading to the final proposal of 5-methyl-THF as the best candidate for a clinical trial aimed at restoring the dysregulation of one-carbon cycle in trisomy 21, possibly improving cognitive skills of subjects with DS.
Effect of epiphytic microflora after aerobic enrichment and reconstitution on fermentation quality and microbial community of corn stalk silage and Pennisetum sinese silage
Authors: Xie Yixiao , Du Ermei , Yao Yudie , Wang Wanqing , Huang Xiaokang , Sun Hong , Zheng Yulong , Cheng Qiming , Wang Chunmei , Chen Chao , Li Ping 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of enrichment and reconstitution of the forage epiphytic microflora on the fermentation quality, chemical composition, and bacterial community composition of corn stalk and Pennisetum sinese silages.MethodsThe forage juice of fresh corn stalk and P. sinese were collected, diluted by gradient (10–1 to 10–5), and aerobically incubated to enrich and reconstitute the epiphytic microflora. Fresh corn stalk and P. sinese were ensiled for 3, 15, and 45 days after inoculation with either the original (D0) pre-incubated juices, or 10–1 (D1), 10–3 (D3), or 10–5 (D5) diluted and pre-incubated juices.ResultsThe lowest pH was found in the D3 treatment of the corn stalk silage. In P. sinese silage, the hemicellulose content of D3 and D5 treatments was 9.50 and 11.81% lower than that of D0 treatment (P &lt; 0.05). In corn stalk silage, the neutral detergent fiber content was significantly lower in the D3 treatment than in the other treatments (P &lt; 0.05). Both corn stalk and P. sinese silages exhibited a high abundance of Enterobacter during ensiling, resulting in high levels of acetic acid.ConclusionAlthough the dilution and enrichment of the epiphytic microflora did not lead to full lactic acid fermentation, these pre-treatments were found to alter the microbial metabolites and chemical composition of the silage. These results provide a new perspective on the production of pre-fermented silage inoculant.
Sourcing and framing in cancer control continuum: A content analysis of Malaysian English and Chinese online cancer news
Authors: Zhang Thomas Hongjie , Tham Jen Sern , Yu Xueyong , Chang Peng Kee , Kho Suet Nie 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundIn health news production, sourcing and framing are two critical mechanisms that influence how newsreaders think about and perceive the severity of a health issue. Understanding how local media covers the cancer control continuum is vital. However, very limited studies have looked at the effect of sourcing and framing in cancer news coverage, and it is still unknown how sources and news frames shape cancer coverage, especially in non-Western countries.ObjectiveThis study examines framing and sourcing patterns in news stories reporting on cancer control in Malaysian mainstream (English) and ethnicity (Chinese) online news sites, uncovering underlining associations between essential news components, source, and framing.MethodsWe used a predesigned code book to conduct a quantitative content analysis on cancer news stories (n = 841) published on two Malaysian English and Chinese online news sites from 2017 to 2019. Cancer news received adequate coverage in Malaysian English and Chinese media and was also session-centered.ResultsTwo logistic regression models demonstrated the internal relationships between sourcing, framing, and different elements in cancer coverage. In terms of news sources, the results revealed that medical journals were the most likely to be cited when the news focused on medical research, followed by primary cancer prevention. When the news concentrated on statistical cancer reports and environmental/occupational risk factors, government agencies were more likely to be interviewed. Of news frames, when the news articles engaged with medical institutions and mentioned medical publications, the lifestyle frame was very likely to be shown, but the environmental frame was more likely to be portrayed when interviewing medical practitioners.ConclusionThis study is the first comprehensive assessment to analyze and compare Malaysian English and Chinese online cancer news coverages and uncover underlying associations between news components, sourcing, and framing paradigms. We contributed to the scholarly understanding of cancer news coverage. This study can serve as a model for future health promotion researchers, journalists, and policymakers. Implications for cancer risk communication research, health journalist practices, and health policymaking were discussed.
Slow solar wind acceleration through the middle corona: Spacecraft radio studies
Authors: Wexler David B. , Kooi Jason E. , Jensen Elizabeth A. , Song Paul 
Published: December 2022

The “Middle Corona”, defined by recent consensus as the region spanning 1.5–6 solar radii (R⊙, heliocentric), is an important zone through which several structural and dynamic changes occur in coronal streamer regions. Among these is a regime change from high density, closed magnetic field structures to open field structures of much lower electron concentration. Along with this complex restructuring, the forming slow solar wind is channeled and accelerated through the middle corona. Solar wind (SW) outflow speeds can be estimated from trans-coronal radio observations. The method of radio frequency fluctuation (FF) analysis considers the frequency variations arising from density inhomogeneities crossing the sensing line-of-sight (LOS). Below 2 R⊙, where the SW is beginning to form and outflow speed is expected to be below the acoustic wave speed, the radio FF can be attributed to the density oscillations of acoustic waves crossing the radio sensing path. With increasing helioaltitudes through the middle corona, the FF are dominated by density disturbances advected across the sensing LOS. This property enables estimation of solar wind outflow speed at various heliodistances. The coronal plasma is believed to enter the middle corona in a subsonic state, then accelerate to exit the zone generally with supersonic, but sub-Alfvénic flows. Trans-coronal radio sensing complements imaging and other remote coronal observations, and helps bridge the observational gap across the full distance range of the middle corona. Radio techniques enrich the study of solar wind, and should be utilized in next-generation, multiwavelength campaigns that tackle the challenging physics of coronal plasma acceleration.
A Clinician’s Perspective on the Use of Laboratory Markers of Sepsis
Authors: Якубцевич Р.Э. , Лемеш А.В. 
Published: December 2022

Сепсис представляет собой опасное для жизни состояние, вызванное нарушением ответной реакции организма хозяина на инфекцию, приводящую к дисфункции жизненно важных органов и систем. Сепсис и септический шок, ежегодно поражающие миллионы людей во всем мире, являются серьезными проблемами здравоохранения. Современные успехи в изучении патогенетических механизмов формирования сепсиса напрямую связаны с оптимизацией технологий лабораторной диагностики данной патологии. Хотя в настоящее время не существует «золотого стандарта» диагностики и прогнозирования развития сепсиса, наибольший клинический интерес привлекают лабораторно-диагностические тесты, многие из которых обладают высокой диагностической чувствительностью и диагностической специфичностью в отношении выявления у пациентов септического состояния, а также являющиеся достаточной альтернативой шкале SOFA, используемой для оценки выраженности органной недостаточности и прогнозирования смертности пациентов с сепсисом. Поэтому в настоящее время усилия медиков направлены на поиск новых, более эффективных, чем известные ранее, биомаркеров диагностики, мониторинга, прогнозирования прогрессирования и исхода сепсиса. В данном обзоре представлена информация о традиционно используемых и перспективных лабораторных тестах диагностики септических состояний с позиций врачей-клиницистов, часто встречающихся с ними по роду своей профессиональной деятельности.
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by an impaired host response to an infection, resulting in dysfunction of vital organs and systems. Sepsis and septic shock, which affect millions of people worldwide every year, are serious public health problems. Modern advances in the study of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the formation of sepsis are directly related to the optimization of technologies for laboratory diagnosis of this pathology. Although there is currently no "gold standard" for diagnosing and predicting the development of sepsis, the greatest clinical interest is attracted by laboratory diagnostic tests, many of which have high diagnostic sensitivity and diagnostic specificity for detecting septic condition in patient, being also a suitable alternative to the SOFA scale used to assess the severity of organ failure and predict mortality in sepsis patients. This review provides information on traditionally used and promising laboratory tests for diagnosis of septic conditions from the standpoint of clinicians encountering them frequently in their professional activities.