bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive significance of Charcot‐Leyden crystal structures for nasal polyp recurrence
Authors: Chen Wenyi , Bai Yurong , Kong Weifeng , Luo Xin , Zeng Yinhui , Chen Jingyuan , Wang Xinyue , Wu Qingwu , Chaudhuri Shuvam , Chen Jianning , Yang Qintai , Zhang Yana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCharcot‐Leyden crystals (CLCs) are recognized to be classic hallmarks of eosinophilic inflammation. Both protein and mRNA levels of CLC in nasal secretions and nasal brushing samples have been associated with nasal polyp recurrence. However, whether the crystalline CLC structures in nasal tissue could serve as an effective biomarker to predict polyp recurrence remains unclear.MethodsA total of 110 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) completing the postoperative follow‐up over a period of 24 months were recruited. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was employed for CLCs identification. The predictive factors for polyp recurrence were determined by binary logistic regression analysis.ResultsThirty three (30.00%) patients developed recurrence during a 24‐month postoperative follow‐up, in which 84.85% (28/33) patients had crystalline CLC structures. Logistic regression analysis showed that crystalline CLC structure in nasal tissues is predictive of polyp recurrence. Youden index demonstrated crystalline CLC structure higher than 1 per high power field can predict postoperative polyp recurrence with 84.80% sensitivity and 98.70% specificity.ConclusionsThe crystalline CLC structures in nasal tissues may serve as an easy‐counting and promising biomarker to predict CRSwNP recurrence.
Factors that affect the development of acute hemorrhagic rectal ulcer syndrome and rebleeding
Authors: Uehara Natsumi , Inoue Kazuaki , Kuroki Yuichiro , Miyao Naoki , Iwahashi Kenta , Suzuki Reika , Endo Toshiyuki , Asonuma Kunio , Yoshida Erika , Koshibu Naoko , Tabuchi Akihiro , Tohata Misako , Hanamura Shotaro , Gomi Kuniyo , Yamamoto Yorimasa , Nagahama Masatsugu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesAcute hemorrhagic rectal ulcer syndrome (AHRUS) causes massive bleeding and often recurrent rebleeding from rectal ulcers that form immediately above the dentate line. This study aimed to determine the clinical background and risk factors contributing to rebleeding in patients with AHRUS and the most appropriate method of hemostasis treatment.MethodsThis retrospective study included 93 patients diagnosed with AHRUS at Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Japan, between April 2009 and November 2018. Information on clinical background factors, endoscopic findings, and hemostasis was obtained from medical records. The relationship with episodes of rebleeding was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe median age was 79 years, and 84 patients (90%) had a performance status of grade 2 or higher. The patients had multiple background factors, with a median number of 5 per patient. The background factors could be classified into two major factors: those related to arteriosclerosis and those related to delayed wound healing.In the multivariate analysis, significantly more rebleeding occurred in patients with active bleeding during the initial endoscopy (odds ratio 4.88, 95% confidence interval 1.80–14.46, p = 0.003); significantly less rebleeding occurred in patients for whom hemostasis was first performed by clipping (odds ratio 0.30, 95% confidence interval 0.09–0.88, p = 0.035).ConclusionsIn bedridden older individuals with poor general health, multiple combinations of arteriosclerosis‐related factors and protracted wound healing factors can induce AHRUS. We strongly recommend performing hemostasis via the clipping method on suspected bleeding points, including active bleeding sites, in AHRUS.
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and peripheral blood biomarkers correlate with survival outcomes but not response among head and neck and salivary cancer treated with pembrolizumab and vorinostat
Authors: Pan Cassie , Wu Qian “Vicky” , Voutsinas Jenna , Houlton Jeffrey J. , Barber Brittany , Futran Neal , Laramore George E. , Liao Jay J. , Parvathaneni Upendra , Martins Renato G. , Fromm Jonathan R. , Rodriguez Cristina P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAssociations between peripheral blood biomarkers and oncologic outcomes were explored in recurrent/metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HN) and salivary gland cancer (SGC) treated with pembrolizumab and vorinostat on a phase II trial (NCT02538510).Experimental DesignTwenty‐five HN and 25 SGCs were treated with pembrolizumab and vorinostat. Baseline peripheral blood was available in 21 HN and 20 SGCs and evaluated for associations with grade ≥3 adverse events (G ≥ 3AE) by CTCAEv4, objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), and progression‐free survival (PFS).ResultsHigher pretreatment neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and neutrophils, as well as lower pretreatment lymphocytes and T helper cells correlated with worse OS and PFS. Higher NLR further predicted increased rates of G ≥ 3AEs. No correlations with ORR were observed.ConclusionsIn a prospectively evaluated cohort of HN and SGCs treated with pembrolizumab and vorinostat, we observed novel associations between peripheral blood biomarkers and oncologic outcomes and toxicities.
A critical look to community wisdom: Applying the World Café method to health promotion and prevention
Authors: Recchia Virginia , Dodaro Antonio , De Marco Elisabetta , Zizza Antonella 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPatient experiences and ideas are key components for improving health promotion and prevention. Engaging patients and other stakeholders in sharing their practices and ideas is nowadays crucial to increase the legitimacy, credibility, and acceptability of the decisions in these fields, by fostering community wisdom. The World Café is a participatory method suitable to involve a large number of actors to propose creative solutions based on their different knowledge and experiences. However, the diffusion of this approach is not uniform in the various countries and health topics. This review summarises the specific topic, the study design, the number and the characteristics of participants, as well as the main findings and the purpose of the studies regarding the application of this method to health promotion and prevention. Among other results, it was found that the World Café is an appreciated, inspiring, and flexible participatory process often used in association with one or more other methods, to explore emergent themes or topics, to collect best practices or suggestions, to generate improvements or recommendations, and to define priorities for the implementation of projects or research agendas. The results highlight the potentiality of the World Café whenever an issue is not well defined and needs to be explored through deep and several insights. The method allows the exploitation of creativity and collective wisdom when qualitative and in‐dept results—more than quantitative and statistically rigorous ones—are appropriate.
COVID‐digital health literacy and subjective well‐being of students in Ghana: Mediation‐moderation analyses
Authors: Quansah Frank , Ankomah Francis , Agormedah Edmond K. , Abieraba Richard S. K. , Srem‐Sai Medina , Hagan John E. , Okan Orkan , Dadaczynski Kevin , Schack Thomas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious research has established a strong association between COVID‐19 digital health literacy (DHL) and subjective well‐being among several populations, including students. With the growing misinformation and heightened fear of COVID‐19 among persons with an underlying medical condition, several scholars have questioned the direct relationship between DHL and well‐being. This study assessed the moderating roles of information accuracy concerns and the existence of an underlying medical condition among students.MethodsUsing a cross‐sectional design, a multi‐stage sampling approach was used to select 1392 students from senior high schools in Northern Ghana who completed a questionnaire containing information on DHL, information accuracy, subjective well‐being, and underlying health condition, with reported internal consistency coefficients above 0.70. The data which was processed with SPSS version 25, was analyzed using correlation (Pearson and biserial), and Hayes' PROCESS for the moderation and mediation analyses.ResultsA significant positive relationship was found between (a) DHL and subjective well‐being, (b) DHL and information accuracy concerns, and (c) information accuracy concerns and subjective well‐being. However, the prevalence of underlying health condition was negatively associated with information accuracy, DHL, and subjective well‐being. Information accuracy concerns and the existence of an underlying medical condition significantly regulated the relationship between DHL and subjective well‐being.ConclusionsDemonstrating satisfactory levels of DHL does not necessarily result in improved subjective well‐being. However, emphasis should be placed on whether individuals attach much importance to the accuracy of information retrieved as well as having or not an underlying health condition.
BNT162b2 COVID‐19 vaccine and gynecologic emergency department visit diagnoses—A study from a large tertiary center
Authors: Meyer Raanan , Mohr‐Sasson Aya , Mashiach Roy , Levin Gabriel 
Published: November 2022

SynopsisCOVID‐19 vaccine is associated with higher rates of pregnancy of unknown location and a trend of increased vaginal bleeding.
Evaluation of CRISPR/Cas9 exon‐skipping vector for choroideremia using human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived RPE
Authors: Iwagawa Toshiro , Masumoto Hiroki , Tabuchi Hitoshi , Tani Kenzaburo , Conklin Bruce R. , Watanabe Sumiko 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundExon‐skipping is a powerful genetic tool, especially when delivering genes using an AAV‐mediated full‐length gene supplementation strategy is difficult owing to large length of genes. Here, we used engineered human induced pluripotent stem cells and artificial intelligence to evaluate clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR associated protein 9‐based exon‐skipping vectors targeting genes of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The model system was choroideremia; this is an X‐linked inherited retinal disease caused by mutation of the CHM gene.MethodsWe explored whether artificial intelligence detected differentiation of human OTX2, PAX6 and MITF (hOPM) cells, in which OTX2, PAX6 and MITF expression was induced by doxycycline treatment, into RPE. Plasmid encoding CHM exon‐skipping modules targeting the splice donor sites of exons 6 were constructed. A clonal hOPM cell line with a frameshift mutation in exon 6 was generated and differentiated into RPE. CHM exon 6‐skipping was induced, and the effects of skipping on phagocytic activity, cell death and prenylation of Rab small GTPase (RAB) were evaluated using flow cytometry, an in vitro prenylation assay and western blotting.ResultsArtificial intelligence‐based evaluation of RPE differentiation was successful. Retinal pigment epithelium cells with a frameshift mutation in exon 6 showed increased cell death, reduced phagocytic activity and increased cytosolic unprenylated RABs only when oxidative stress was in play. The latter two phenotypes were partially rescued by exon 6‐skipping of CHM.ConclusionsCHM exon 6‐skipping contributed to RPE phagocytosis probably by increasing RAB38 prenylation under oxidative stress.
Numerical methods for scattering problems from multi‐layers with different periodicities
Authors: Zhang Ruming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a numerical method to solve scattering problems with multi‐periodic layers with different periodicities. The main tool applied in this paper is the Bloch transform. With this method, the problem is written into an equivalent coupled family of quasi‐periodic problems. As the Bloch transform is only defined for one fixed period, the inhomogeneous layer with another period is simply treated as a non‐periodic one. First, we approximate the refractive index by a periodic one where its period is an integer multiple of the fixed period, and it is decomposed by finite number of quasi‐periodic functions. Then the coupled system is reduced into a simplified formulation. A convergent finite element method is proposed for the numerical solution, and the numerical method has been applied to several numerical experiments. At the end of this paper, relative errors of the numerical solutions will be shown to illustrate the convergence of the numerical algorithm.
A systematic review and network meta‐analysis of antimanic drugs for the treatment of acute mania used in Japan
Authors: Ishizuka Kanako , Inada Toshiya 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis review aimed to clarify whether antimanic agents used in Japan are superior to placebo for the treatment of acute mania, based on reports of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in Japan and other East Asian countries. A literature search was conducted using the MEDLINE, PubMed, and Ichushi databases from their dates of inception to July 31, 2021, for studies written in English or Japanese with a primary diagnosis of bipolar I disorder, comparing any of the following active drugs to treat acute mania in adults: aripiprazole, carbamazepine, chlorpromazine, haloperidol, lithium, olanzapine, sultopride, timiperone, and zotepine. A random‐effects network meta‐analysis was performed within a frequentist framework. The quality of each included study was evaluated using the revised Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool for randomized trials. The outcomes adopted were the response rate for efficacy and dropout rate for tolerability during 3 weeks from baseline. Eleven RCTs, totaling 1148 participants, were reviewed. The pooled odds ratio (OR) (±95% confidence interval [CI]) was calculated. Timiperone (OR = 4.53, CI 1.09–18.80), sultopride (OR = 3.76, CI 1.08–13.05), and aripiprazole (OR = 1.99, CI 1.22–3.24) were significantly more effective than placebo. Olanzapine (OR = 0.51, CI 0.29–0.90) was significantly superior in acceptability to placebo. The results showed no significant differences from placebo for carbamazepine, chlorpromazine, haloperidol, lithium, and olanzapine. These results suggest that noninferiority trials alone cannot always confirm the antimanic drug efficacy and that direct placebo‐controlled trials are necessary to verify the antimanic efficacy of the drugs.
Team's average acute:chronic workload ratio correlates with injury risk in NCAA men's soccer team
Authors: Bakal David R. , Friedrich Tyler R. , Keane Gerald , White Brian , Roh Eugene Y. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundResearch in multiple sports has shown that an individual's acute:chronic workload ratio (ACWR) correlates with injury. However, tailoring team trainings to each individual's ACWR is technically challenging and has not been found to decrease injury risk.ObjectiveTo establish a more feasible method of utilizing the ACWR for injury prevention in soccer. In a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) men's soccer team, we assessed whether the team's average ACWR, as opposed to that of each individual, correlated with injuries sustained throughout the season.DesignInjury and workload data were retrospectively evaluated for all players (n = 23) of an NCAA men's soccer team during one 18‐week season. Workload data for five global positioning system (GPS)‐derived workload variables (total distance, high‐speed distance, accelerations, player load, and average velocity) were used to calculate the team's average daily acute and chronic workloads (accumulated load for each variable during the past 3 and 28 days, respectively), and uncoupled ACWRs (acute workload divided by chronic workload for each variable). A retrospective cohort design was used to compare the team's workloads and ACWRs on days where ≥1 injury occurred versus days where zero injuries occurred using binary logistic regression models.ResultsTrainings/games with injuries had higher acute workloads, lower chronic workloads, and higher ACWRs for all five workload variables. In multivariable analysis, risk factors for injury included a low chronic workload for total distance (odds ratio [OR] 7.23, p = .024) and an ACWR >1.4 for accelerations (OR 4.34, p = .029).ConclusionsThe team's injury risk was greater with low distance accumulation during the chronic period and with an elevated ACWR for accelerations. Future intervention‐based studies aimed at using ACWR load‐management principles as a method of decreasing injury risk in soccer can consider tracking the team's average values with the goal of maintaining a consistent chronic workload for total distance and avoiding elevations in the ACWR for accelerations.
Dual Responsive Optical Sensor for The Detection of Zn2+and Al3+: Supportive Single‐Crystal X‐ray Structure of its Ni(II) Complex and DFT Studies
Authors: Mukherjee Pallabi , Chatterjee Sudeshna , Mukherjee Sukriti , Das Debasis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA tripodal pentadentate mono‐imine derivative, 2‐({2‐[bis‐(2‐amino‐ethyl)‐amino]‐ethylimino}‐methyl)‐phenol (L2) is employed for ‘turn on’ fluorescence recognition of Zn2+and Al3+at two different wavelengths. Chelation‐enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) assisted inhibition of excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) is proposed as the sensing mechanism. The1HNMR, mass, IR spectral data, Jobs experiment and single crystal X‐ray structure of the [Ni(II)‐L2] complex (N1) strongly support the structure of L2 and its interaction with Zn2+and Al3+. Density functional theoretical (DFT) studies indicate higher stability of the Zn2+and Al3+adducts over free L2. The recognition of Zn2+and Al3+at two different emission wavelengths allows to construct a binary logic gate. Moreover, L2 is useful for determination unknown concentration of Al3+in real water samples. The complex N1 catalyses the catechol oxidation reaction.
Current Status of Natural Products/siRNA Co‐Delivery for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Jacob Megha Mariya , Santhosh Amritha , Rajeev Anjaly , Joy Reshma , John Pooja Mary , John Franklin , George Jinu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractsiRNA interference is a conserved cellular gene silencing mechanism and a viable technique for human disease intervention, including cancer. This method has significant potential benefits over currently available treatments. The limitations of using siRNA‐based systems are the lack of specificity, high chance of degradation, toxicity, and ineffective cellular uptake. Combination therapy using natural compounds possesses higher therapeutical value with siRNA. Various natural compounds are used in cancer treatments such as paclitaxel, ursolic acid, hypericin, etoposide, etc due to their diverse bioactivities. In this review, the codelivery of natural compounds/siRNA using nanovehicles is highlighted.
High‐Performance Photocatalytic Reduction of Nitrogen to Ammonia Driven by Oxygen Vacancy and Ferroelectric Polarization Field of SrBi4Ti4O15 Nanosheets
Authors: Gao Shuai , Ji Haodong , Yang Peng , Guo Ming , Tressel John , Chen Shaowei , Wang Qiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPhoto‐responsive semiconductors can facilitate nitrogen activation and ammonia production, but the high recombination rate of photogenerated carriers represents a significant barrier. Ferroelectric photocatalysts show great promise in overcoming this challenge. Herein, by adopting a low‐temperature hydrothermal procedure with varying concentrations of glyoxal as the reducing agent, oxygen vacancies (Vo) are effectively produced on the surface of ferroelectric SrBi4Ti4O15 (SBTO) nanosheets, which leads to a considerable increase in photocatalytic activity toward nitrogen fixation under simulated solar light with an ammonia production rate of 53.41 µmol g−1 h−1, without the need of sacrificial agents or photosensitizers. This is ascribed to oxygen vacancies that markedly enhance the self‐polarization and internal electric field of ferroelectric SBTO, and hence, facilitate the separation of photogenerated charge carriers and light trapping as well as N2 adsorption and activation, as compared to pristine SBTO. Consistent results are obtained in theoretical studies. Results from this study highlight the significance of surface oxygen vacancies in enhancing the performance of photocatalytic nitrogen fixation by ferroelectric catalysts.
Wrist Pulse Feature of Pneumoconiosis and its Application
Authors: Zhang Shiru , Zhang Xiaohuan , Wu Yixuan , Zhang Hong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPneumoconiosis has been the most harmful occupational disease for coal miners for decades and is difficult to cure completely. If this disease can be diagnosed and cured in time, it can be effectively controlled. Currently, the most reliable clinical diagnosis method is using X‐ray or high‐resolution computerized tomography (CT). Here, we propose a method to diagnose pneumoconiosis using wrist pulse signals. First, a pulse sensor is used to collect wrist pulse signals, then, preprocessing is conducted, and a single period of a pulse signal is separated. Second, a 13‐dimensional feature is extracted in the time, frequency, and wavelet domains. Finally, a support vector machine, back propagation neural network, or random forest classifier are used to classify the pulse signals, two voting procedures are used and the diagnosis result can be achieved. The lowest recognition accuracy is 85.16%. The experimental results show that our 13‐dimensional feature can be used as the main feature of pneumoconiosis diagnosis. The proposed method provides a more reliable auxiliary means for the diagnosis of coal mine pneumoconiosis. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
The role ofAIfor developing digital twins in healthcare: The case of cancer care
Authors: Kaul Rohit , Ossai Chinedu , Forkan Abdur Rahim Mohammad , Jayaraman Prem Prakash , Zelcer John , Vaughan Stephen , Wickramasinghe Nilmini 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDigital twins, succinctly described as the digital representation of a physical object, is a concept that has emerged relatively recently with increasing application in the manufacturing industry. This article proposes the application of this concept to the healthcare domain to provide enhanced clinical decision support and enable more patient‐centric, and simultaneously more precise and individualized care to ensue. Digital twins combined with advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have the potential to facilitate the integration and processing of vast amounts of heterogeneous data stemming from diversified sources. Hence, in healthcare this can provide enhanced diagnosis and treatment decision support. In applying digital twins in combination with AI to complex healthcare contexts to assist clinical decision making, it is also likely that a key current challenge in healthcare; namely, providing better quality care which is of high value and can lead to better clinical outcomes and a higher level of patient satisfaction, can ensue. In this focus article, we address this proposition by focusing on the case study of cancer care and present our conceptualization of a digital twin model combined with AI to address key, current limitations in endometrial cancer treatment. We highlight the role of AI techniques in developing digital twins for cancer care and simultaneously identify key barriers and facilitators of this process from both a healthcare and technology perspective.This article is categorized under:Application Areas > Health Care