bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retracted: Impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on routine vaccination coverage of children and adolescents: A systematic review
Authors: SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Karimi Amirali , Mojdeganlou Hengameh , Alilou Sanam , Mirghaderi Seyed Peyman , Noori Tayebeh , Shamsabadi Ahmadreza , Dadras Omid , Vahedi Farzin , Mohammadi Parsa , Shojaei Alireza , Mahdiabadi Sara , Janfaza Nazanin , Keshavarzpoor Lonbar Abolfath , Mehraeen Esmaeil , Sabatier Jean‐Marc 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsScientists and healthcare workers have expressed their concerns on the impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on vaccination coverage in children and adolescents. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the studies addressing this issue worldwide.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of relevant studies using the keywords on databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane on May 22, 2021. The identified records were imported into EndNote software and underwent a two‐phase screening process consisting of title/abstract and full‐text screenings against inclusion criteria. The data of the included studies were summarized into a table and the findings were analyzed in a systematic approach.ResultsFrom 26 eligible studies, 21 studies demonstrated decreased vaccination rates in the children during the COVID‐19 pandemic, while three studies found increased or no significant changes only in influenza vaccination. The two remaining studies from Brazil and Sweden also showed no significant changes in vaccination rates in the children during the pandemic.ConclusionMost of the reports worldwide reported a decline or delay in vaccination at the time of the COVID‐19 pandemic. A sustained catch‐up program seems to be necessary, especially in low‐income countries, to avoid any vaccine dose missing. Facilitating the vaccination process is recommended, such as decreasing the waiting time for vaccination at the health center, addressing the fear and concerns related to COVID infection for parents, and enhancing vaccine availability, and promoting access in remote areas. Countries should ensure proper vaccination to prevent future pandemics related to vaccine‐preventable diseases.
The risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke in survivors of head and neck cancer in Korea
Authors: Kang Eun Joo , Lee Yun‐Gyoo , Koo Minji , Lee Kyoungmin , Park In Hae , Kim Jung Sun , Choi Yoon Ji 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundHead and neck cancer (HNCA) survivors have a high risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) or stroke because of sharing risk factors of disease. Therefore, we investigated the risk of CVD or stroke occurrence among HNCA survivors in Korea based on the Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) Service claims database.MethodsWe retrieved claims data of patients who were diagnosed with HNCA in 2014‐2015 using ICD‐10 code and followed up data until 2018. Patients with newly diagnosed with CVD or stroke after HNCA diagnosis during the follow‐up period were detected. We analyzed the characteristics of patients with HNCA who were subsequently diagnosed with CVD or stroke. In addition, the risk factors of CVD or stroke occurrence were investigated using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis.ResultsAmong the 8288 patients with HNCA, 477 and 404 patients were diagnosed with new‐onset CVD and stroke, respectively. Patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), and hyperlipidemia had a 3.25‐fold higher risk of CVD comparing to patients without any underlying disease (95% confidence index [CI], 2.38‐4.45) Patients with three underlying diseases had a 2.92‐fold higher risk of stroke compared to patients without any underlying disease (95% CI 2.03‐4.21).ConclusionsHNCA survivors with hypertension, DM, and hyperlipidemia should be cautious of the risks of CVD and stroke.
Dynamical Nature of Exciton‐Polariton Coupling in WS2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Sinha Sudarson Sekhar , Višić Bojana , Byregowda Archana , Yadgarov Lena 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSemiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides can be synthesized in a wide range of structures and geometries, including closed cage nanostructures, such as nanotubes or fullerene‐like nanoparticles (NSs). The latter is especially intriguing due to the stability, enhanced light‐matter interactions, and ability to sustain exciton‐polaritons (EPs) in ambient conditions, i. e., strong coupling of excitonic resonances to the optical cavity. Here we investigate the dynamics of EPs formation in WS2 NPs in the time domain using femtosecond transient extinction spectroscopy. We develop a gamut of analytical methods and models with time‐dependent parameters to extract the underlying non‐equilibrium dynamics of EPs formation. We find that the formation of EPs in WS2 NPs is not instantaneous but a gradual process that occurs only after several picoseconds. Specifically, for the short delay times, the light‐matter interaction is guided by excitonic absorption, whereas for the long delay times, the process is controlled by polaritonic scattering. We discover that the coupling strength is a time‐dependent entity and not a constant as is usually defined. Namely, there is a nonlinear coupling between excitonic and external modes and a notable transition from weak to strong coupling limit. Our results show that the time‐dependent phenomenological dynamical model quantitatively reproduces the nonlinear dynamical coupling as well as the effects of the pump fluence on the coupling strength.
Cell interactome in sarcopenia during aging
Authors: González‐Blanco Laura , Bermúdez Manuel , Bermejo‐Millo Juan C. , Gutiérrez‐Rodríguez José , Solano Juan J. , Antuña Eduardo , Menéndez‐Valle Iván , Caballero Beatriz , Vega‐Naredo Ignacio , Potes Yaiza , Coto‐Montes Ana 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe diversity between the muscle cellular interactome of dependent and independent elderly people is based on the interrelationships established between different cellular mechanisms, and alteration of this balance modulates cellular activity in muscle tissue with important functional implications.MethodsThirty patients (85 ± 8 years old, 23% female) scheduled to undergo hip fracture surgery participated in this study. During the surgical procedures, skeletal muscle tissue was obtained from the Vastus lateralis. Two groups of participants were studied based on their Barthel index: 15 functional‐independent individuals (100‐90) and 15 severely functional‐dependent individuals (40‐0). The expression of proteins from the most important cellular mechanisms was studied by western blot.ResultsCompared with independent elderly patients, dependent elderly showed an abrupt decrease in the capacity of protein synthesis; this decrease was only partially compensated for at the response to unfolded or misfolded proteins (UPR) level due to the increase in IRE1 (P < 0.001) and ATF6 (P < 0.05), which block autophagy, an essential mechanism for cell survival, by decreasing the expression of Beclin‐1, LC3, and p62 (P < 0.001) and the antioxidant response. This lead to increased oxidative damage to lipids (P < 0.001) and that damage was directly associated with the mitochondrial impairment induced by the significant decreases in the I, III, IV, and V mitochondrial complexes (P < 0.01), which drastically reduced the energy capacity of the cell. The essential cellular mechanisms were generally impaired and the triggering of apoptosis was induced, as shown by the significantly elevated levels of most proapoptotic proteins (P < 0.05) and caspase‐3/7 (P < 0.001) in dependents. The death of highly damaged cells is not detrimental to organs as long as the regenerative capacity remains unaltered, but in the dependent patients, this ability was also significantly altered, which was revealed by the reduction in the myogenic regulatory factors and satellite cell marker (P < 0.001), and the increase in myostatin (P < 0.01). Due to the severely disturbed cell interactome, the muscle contractile capacity showed significant damage.ConclusionsFunctionally dependent patients exhibited severe alterations in their cellular interactome at the muscle level. Cell apoptosis was caused by a decrease in successful protein synthesis, to which the cellular control systems did not respond adequately; autophagy was simultaneously blocked, the mitochondrion malfunctioned, and as the essential recovery mechanisms failed, these cells could not be replaced, resulting in the muscle being condemned to a loss of mass and functionality.
Chest computed tomography‐derived muscle mass and quality indicators, in‐hospital outcomes, and costs in older inpatients
Authors: Shen Yanjiao , Luo Li , Fu Hongbo , Xie Lingling , Zhang Wenyi , Lu Jing , Yang Ming 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundMuscle mass and muscle quality assessed by computed tomography (CT) have been associated with poor prognosis in oncology and surgery patients, but the relevant evidence was limited in older patients. We hypothesized that muscle mass and muscle quality indicators derived from opportunistic chest CT images at the 12th thorax vertebra level (T12) could predict in‐hospital death, length of hospital stay (hospital LOS), and hospital costs among older patients in acute care wards.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study. Older patients admitted to the acute geriatric wards of a teaching hospital were continuously recruited. Chest CT images were analysed using SliceOmatic software. The skeletal muscle area, skeletal muscle radiodensity, and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) at the T12 level were measured. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated using skeletal muscle area divided by body height squared.ResultsWe included 1135 older patients with a median age of 80 years (interquartile range, 73 to 85 years), 498 (44%) were women, 148 (13%) patients died during hospitalization. The SMI and SMD were negatively correlated to age (ρ = −0.11, P < 0.001, ρ = −0.30, P < 0.001, respectively), whereas the IMAT was positively correlated to age (ρ = 0.27, P < 0.001). Compared with survivors, dead patients had significantly lower SMI in men (P < 0.001) but not in women (P = 0.760). After adjusting for sex and other potential confounders, the SMI [increased per 1 cm2/m2, odds ratio (OR) 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.93 to 0.99] and SMD (increased per 1 Hounsfield unit, OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.90 to 0.96) were negatively and independently associated with in‐hospital death, whereas the IMAT (increased per 1 cm2, OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.14) was independently and positively associated with in‐hospital death. None of the SMI, SMD, or IMAT was significantly related to long hospital LOS or increased hospital costs.ConclusionsChest CT‐derived muscle mass indicator (T12 SMI) and muscle quality indicators (T12 SMD and T12 IMAT) may serve as prognostic factors for predicting in‐hospital death among older inpatients. Opportunistic chest CT images might be an overlooked resource for measuring muscle mass and muscle quality and for predicting short‐term prognosis in older inpatients.
Synthesis of hierarchical CoAPO‐5 catalysts in different fluoride medium and optimization of its catalytic oxidative desulfurization process
Authors: Ma Yongwei , Zhao Xiangxiang , Shao Hui , Yao Jianfeng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDFluoride ions can form corresponding complexes with transition metal elements (Co, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, etc.), so it is easier to synthesize heteroatomic molecular sieves in a fluorine‐containing system than in a fluorine‐free system.RESULTSIn this paper, a hierarchical CoAPO‐5 molecular sieve was synthesized in a fluorine system, and the effects of different fluorine resources on its synthesis were investigated. The CoAPO‐5 samples were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption and temperature‐programmed desorption of NH3.CONCLUSIONThe results showed that, compared with other fluorine resources, the sample D‐AFI‐1 synthesized with HF possessed more acid sites, which appeared to be more attractive for oxidative desulfurization. The central composite design of response surface methodology was applied to design experimental schemes employing D‐AFI‐1 as catalyst. The volume ratio of oxidant/fuel, extractant/fuel and the mass ratio catalyst/fuel were screened out as the significant factors after the investigation of single factors. The quadratic model of the three significant factors and desulfurization rate was established. On the basis of optimizing the reaction conditions, oxidant/fuel volumetric ratio, catalyst/fuel mass ratio and extractant/fuel were 0.07 mL mL−1, 0.01 g g−1 and 1.65 mL mL−1, respectively, the desulfurization rate was 85.0%, which was consistent with the predicted value of the model (83.7%). © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Outcomes of lung metastasis from pancreatic cancer: A nationwide multicenter analysis
Authors: Homma Yuki , Endo Itaru , Matsuyama Ryusei , Sho Masayuki , Mizuno Shugo , Seyama Yasuji , Hirano Satoshi , Aono Takashi , Kitami Chie , Morita Yoshifumi , Takeda Yutaka , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Tani Masaji , Kaiho Takashi , Yamamoto Yuzo , Aoki Hideki , Ogawa Masao , Niguma Takefumi , Mataki Yuko , Kawasaki Hiroshi , Baba Hideo , Yokomizo Hiroshi , Rikiyama Toshiki , Yamaue Hiroki , Yamamoto Masakazu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough distant metastasis from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis, some single center studies reported that lung metastasis has a favorable prognosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic value of site‐specific metastasis after pancreatectomy for PDAC, with a focus on lung metastasis.MethodsData from 117 cases of lung metastasis after pancreatectomy were collected retrospectively from 23 institutions in Japan. To compare the sites of metastasis we also collected the data of 134 patients with liver only metastasis, 67 patients with peritoneal only metastasis and 121 patients with locoregional recurrence alone.ResultsIn patients with lung only metastasis, the median time from recurrence to death (RTD) was 23.1 months, which was better in comparison to other sites of recurrence. In lung metastasis group, the patients who underwent pulmonary resection had better long‐term outcomes in comparison to those who did not. (RTD: 29.2 vs 15.2, P < .001). In the multivariate analysis, solitary metastasis (HR 5.03; 95% CI 1.195‐21.144, P = .022) and postoperative chemotherapy (HR 14.089; 95% CI 1.729‐114.77, P = .023) were identified as significant prognostic factors after lung resection.ConclusionsSurgical resection is a favorable option for selected patients with a solitary lung metastasis and for whom adjuvant chemotherapy can be administrated.
Morphometric analyses of the vertebrae of Ambystoma (Tschudi, 1838) and the implications for identification of fossil salamanders
Authors: Ledesma David T. , Ayala Alissandra , Kemp Melissa E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAmbystoma (Tschudi, 1838) represents a speciose clade of salamanders that are found across much of North America. Fossils referred to Ambystoma are reported from early Cenozoic deposits and are common in Quaternary fossil deposits. Most fossils identified as Ambystoma are isolated vertebrae. Both quantitative and qualitative characters were reported as being useful for identifying fossilized vertebrae of Ambystoma below the genus level. However, there is limited information on intraspecific variation in those characters and previous studies noted intracolumnar variation which affects the utility of those characters for fossil identification. A lack of understanding of variation in modern species of Ambystoma casts uncertainty on our ability to identify fossil vertebrae confidently. We aimed to document intraspecific and intracolumnar variation in vertebral morphology among species of Ambystoma and examine the implications for fossil identification. We assembled one of the largest skeletal data sets for Ambystoma and took linear measurements on 15 species. We used 2D geometric morphometric analyses to characterize atlantal shape variation in Ambystoma. We apply those morphometric data in a case study where we identify fossil vertebrae from Hall's Cave, a Quaternary fossil locality in central Texas. We found patterns of intraspecific and intracolumnar variation that have substantial implications for fossil identification. Classification accuracies for species and clades within Ambystoma varied considerably. Overall classification accuracies based on size‐adjusted measurements and 2D geometric morphometric landmarks were lower compared with classifications from non‐size adjusted linear measurements. We identified fossil vertebrae from our case study as likely belonging to the tiger salamander clade within Ambystoma, but found that some fossils with lower classification probabilities are of uncertain identity. We discuss biogeographic implications for our fossil identifications and comment on challenges and next steps for advancing our understanding of morphological variation in Ambystoma.
COVID‐19 pandemic and the effect of increased utilisation of mobile X‐ray examinations on radiation dose to radiographers
Authors: Yeung Phoebe , Pinson Jo‐Anne , Lawson Michael , Leong Christopher , Badawy Mohamed Khaldoun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe use of ionising radiation results in occupational exposure to medical imaging professionals, requiring routine monitoring. This study aims to assess the effect of increased utilisation of mobile X‐ray units, mobile imaging of non‐routine body regions and radiographer work practice changes for impact on staff radiation dose during the early stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsA retrospective analysis of general radiology departments across two metropolitan hospitals was performed. Personal radiation monitor exposure reports between January 2019 and December 2020 were analysed. Statistical analysis was conducted using a Mann–Whitney U test when comparing each quarter, from 2019 to 2020. Categorical data were compared using a Chi‐squared test.ResultsMobile X‐ray use during the pandemic increased approximately 1.7‐fold, with the peak usage observed in September 2020. The mobile imaging rate per month of non‐routine body regions increased from approximately 6.0–7.8%. Reported doses marginally increased during Q2, Q3 and Q4 of 2020 (in comparison to 2019 data), though was not statistically significant (Q2: P = 0.13; Q3: P = 0.31 and Q4 P = 0.32). In Q1, doses marginally decreased and were not statistically significant (P = 0.22).ConclusionIncreased utilisation and work practice changes had no significant effect on reported staff radiation dose. The average reported dose remained significantly lower than the occupational dose limits for radiation workers of 20 mSv.
Application of an improved k‐means clustering algorithm in power user grouping
Authors: Gang Wu , Dongdong Zhang , Shengrong Fan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe illegal act of stealing electricity has brought serious security risks to the operation of power transmission system. The electricity consumption law of power users has obvious characteristics, which can be classified by clustering method. However, the traditional k‐means clustering method has the characteristics of randomly selecting the initial cluster center, which leads to the instability of clustering results. Aiming at the shortcomings of traditional k‐means clustering algorithm, this paper proposes a density based k‐means clustering algorithm (Dk‐means clustering) to optimize the initial center selection. According to the characteristics of users' power load, the method of determining the number of clusters and the evaluation method of clustering effect are selected. Then, the traditional k‐means clustering algorithm and the improved Dk‐means clustering algorithm are used to analyze the power load data of a residential area, and six groups of characteristic curves are obtained. Based on the analysis of these curves, the power consumption characteristics of each group of users were evaluated. Finally, through the comparative analysis of Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance and correlation coefficient r, it is proved that Dk‐means algorithm has better clustering effect and is more accurate for the selection of suspicious power stealing users.
Identification and expression of bifunctional acid urea‐degrading enzyme/urethanase from Enterobacter sp. R‐SYB082 and its application in degradation of ethyl carbamate in Chinese rice wine (Huangjiu)
Authors: Zheng Huajun , Meng Kai , Liu Jun , Lin Zichen , Peng Qi , Xie Guangfa , Wu Peng , Elsheery Nabil Ibrahim 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDEthyl carbamate (EC) is a potential carcinogen existing in fermented foods such as Chinese rice wine (Huangjiu). Since urea is an important precursor of EC, the degradation of urea could be an effective way to reduce EC in foods.RESULTSIn this study, an Enterobacter sp. R‐SYB082 with acid urea degradation characteristics was obtained through microbial screening. Further research isolated a new acid urea‐degrading enzyme from R‐SYB082 strain – ureidoglycolate amidohydrolase (UAH) – which could degrade EC directly. The cloning and expression of UAH in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) suggested that the activity of urea‐degrading enzyme reached 3560 U L−1, while urethanase activity reached 2883 U L−1 in the optimal fermentation condition. The enzyme had the dual ability of degrading substrate urea and product EC. The removal rate of EC in Chinese rice wine could reach 90.7%.CONCLUSIONThis study provided a new method for the integrated control of EC in Chinese rice wine and other fermented foods. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Acquiring identity and expression information from monocular face image
Authors: Tu Ziqi , Weng Dongdong , Liang Bin , Luo Le 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a flexible deep learning‐based framework is proposed that can extract expression and identity information from monocular images and can combine the extracted identity and expression from different images to generate new face models. In this framework, two encoders are used to extract expression and identity information, and three decoders are used to visualize the information by generating face models containing only expression, only identity, and fused expression and identity. By aligning the corresponding vertices of the parts with the same semantic on the face, an error evaluation method between face models with different topologies is proposed, which can more intuitively reflect the error distribution. The experimental results show that the proposed framework has higher accuracy than face component extraction by blendshape. The framework can be used for the facial expression generation of virtual humans, which is helpful for emotion transmission and language supplementation.