bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences between the first and the second wave of critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care units
Authors: Pérez-Acosta Guillermo , Carrillo-Garcia Tanya , Padrón-Espinosa Paula , Santana-Cabrera Luciano , Blanco-López José Javier , González-Martín Jesus Maria , Martín-Gonzalez Juan Carlos 
Published: March 2022

Background:
To compare the demographic characteristics and prognosis of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia during the first wave (March−July) versus those admitted during the second wave (August−December).

Methods:
Prospective, observational, descriptive cohort-study including patients admitted to the ICU for COVID-19 pneumonia during the first wave (March−July 2020) or the second wave (August−December). The demographic characteristics, comorbidities, treatments, complications, and mortality in both pandemic waves were studied.

Results:
A total of 72 patients were included: Twenty-six admitted during the first wave and 46 during the second wave. Men were predominant in both waves: 61.5% versus 73.9%. The most frequently associated comorbidities in both periods were: arterial hypertension 65.4% versus 65.2%, diabetes mellitus 46.2% versus 34.8% and overweight, measured as (body mass index), 29.13 ± 3.38 versus 28.98 ± 4.25. More patients received noninvasive mechanical ventilation prior to invasive ventilation during the second wave (P < 0.01); the incidence of atelectasis and bronchial obstruction were lower during the second wave (P < 0.01 and P = 0.055 respectively); no further differences were observed in the occurrence of other complications.

Conclusions:
No significant differences were observed between the first and the second wave in the demographic characteristics or comorbidities of admitted patients. Blood hypertension, diabetes and overweight were remarkable risk factors. Improving our knowledge of the complications, these patients tend to develop was essential to reduce some of them, such as endotracheal tube obstruction or atelectasis, and to promote the use of noninvasive ventilation therapies.
Comparison of chest compression quality between 2-minute switch and rescuer fatigue switch
Authors: Savatmongkorngul Sorravit , Yuksen Chaiyaporn , Chumkot Sumalin , Atiksawedparit Pongsakorn , Jenpanitpong Chetsadakon , Watcharakitpaisan Sorawich , Kaninworapan Parama , Maijan Konwachira 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Rescuers performing chest compressions (CCs) should be rotated every 2 min or sooner if rescuers become fatigued. Is it preferable to switch rescuers when they become fatigued in such cases? This study was performed to compare the quality of CCs between two scenarios in hospitalized patients with cardiac arrest: 2-minute rescuer switch and rescuer fatigue switch.

Methods:
This randomized controlled trial involved 144 health-care providers, randomized to switch CC on the manikin model with 2-minute or rescuer fatigue. We recorded the CC quality for 20 min.

Results:
There were no significant differences in the percentage of target compressions, mean depth of compressions, or mean compression rate between the two groups. However, the rescuer fatigue switch group showed a significantly lower frequency of interruptions (4 vs. 9 times, P < 0.001) and a longer duration of each compression cycle (237 vs. 117 sec, P < 0.001). The change in the respiratory rate from before to after performing compressions was significantly greater in the 2-minute switch group (12 vs. 8 bpm, P = 0.036).

Conclusion:
The use of a rescuer fatigue switch CC approach resulted in no decrease in the quality of CC, suggesting that it may be used as an alternate strategy for managing in-hospital cardiac arrest.
Beneficial Effects of Alprostin in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia with Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: Patel Jayesh , Shah Pratiksha , Gandhi Fenil 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
Medical management of nonre-constructible and failed reconstruction in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has limited options. The objective was to study the safety and efficacy of Alprostin in the management of patients presenting with Stages III and IV PAD. We hypothesized that administration of Alprostin will lead to an increase in the transcutaneous oximetry (TcPO2) and ankle-brachial index (ABI) values. It may also aid in decreasing limb pain, promote ulcer healing, and increase claudication distance.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective study comprising 60 patients who had presented to vascular surgery with clinical features of PAD. According to the Fontaine's staging criteria, only those patients who had presented with Stages III and IV were included in the study. Patients with critical limb ischemia and nonre-constructible or failed vascular reconstruction disease, who had not improved with conservative management, and patients presenting with Stages III and IV PAD were given injection Alprostin. A total of 6 cycles (each cycle for 3 days, every month) of Alprostin were given, dose being 166.66 mcg over 5 h/day. A qualitative assessment was performed, assessing change in rest pain, claudication distance, ulcer healing, and development of complications. In addition, a quantitative assessment was performed by measuring the TcPO2 and ABI before and after the administration of Alprostin.

Results:
The study comprised 60 patients, out of whom 55 were male and 5 were female with a mean age of 48.98. The patients were then classified according to the Fontaine Staging, where 50 patients presented with Stage III and 10 patients presented with Stage IV PAD. After the administration of Alprostin, 100% of patients reported of decrease in pain in lower limb, 70% reported of ulcer healing, 55% reported of increase in claudication distance, and complications were only seen in 5% of the patients. TcPO2 values showed a significant rise after the administration of Alprostin, with P value being 0.001. Finally, ABI values also showed a significant improvement after the administration of Alprostin, with P value being 0.001.

Conclusion:
PAD is a common circulatory condition in which the narrowed arteries in the limbs reduce blood flow to the extremities, most common being lower limbs. There are several lifestyle modifications that can be made to control PAD. Alprostin is a prostaglandin E1 analog, which acts a vasodilator and inhibits platelet aggregation. It helps to reduce vascular cell adhesion molecule levels in circulation, reduces vascular inflammation, promotes ulcer healing, increases claudication distance, and reduces rate of amputation of the affected limb. Hence, it can be concluded that Alprostin has been shown to be a safe and effective drug in patients with nonre-constructible PAD.
Effect of nursing care by using Extended Nursing Care Model on quality of life of patients after coronary artery bypass graft
Authors: Chaudhari Jyoti M. , Pani Sankarsan , Mhaske Anuradha , Mulay Anvay 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Though coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is a life-saving surgery and a standardized procedure, the aim of the surgery is survival with quality of life (QOL). The extended role of the nurse was well recommended in community and clinical settings with the support of multidisciplinary team for safe care. The Extended Nursing Care Model (ENCM) provides the framework to facilitate early recovery and thereby improve the QOL and overall productivity after CABG.

Aim and Objective:
The aim of this article is to compare the difference in QOL of CABG patients with and without ENCM.

Materials and Methods:
Quasi-experimental Time Series Design with Comparison Group was used to study the effectiveness of ENCM. Among CABG patients enrolled on the day of admission with non-probability purposive sampling technique, 140 patients were randomly and equally distributed in the study and control groups on the day of discharge for recovery management. Generic EQ-5D-5L scale and MacNew Heart Disease-related QOL (MNHDRQOL) questionnaire were used to collect data at frequent intervals. The data obtained successfully from 69 patients in the study group and 63 patients in the control group were analyzed by using SPSS-21 Statistical Software, Mann–Whitney U-test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results:
There was an improvement in the EQ-5D-5L score and MNHDRQOL score from baseline (before surgery) to 6th week and 12th week after surgery. This difference is statistically higher in the study group than in the control group (P <0.05) in all five domains of Euro QOL and all three domains of MNHDRQOL.

Conclusion:
Nursing care provided by using ENCM is effective in improving the QOL of CABG patients.
Effect of McConnell Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome Protocol on Pain and Functional Disability in Tibiofemoral Osteoarthritis
Authors: Sutar Simran A , Samson Akhil , Palekar Tushar J 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
Osteoarthritis (OA) being a common condition is one of the leading causes of musculoskeletal pain and functional disability.

Purpose:
This purpose of this study was to find the effect of McConnell patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) protocol in participants with Grade 2 tibiofemoral OA.

Settings and Design:
This was an experimental pilot study and on participants above 40 years of age. Fifteen patients with Grade 2 tibiofemoral OA of knee were included.

Subjects and Methods:
The participants were screened on the basis of diagnosed case by orthopedician with the help of X-ray. Participants above 40 years of age were selected including both male and female. The changes in the subject's pain and functional disability were evaluated by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA Index (WOMAC) scale.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Shapiro − Wilk test was used to check the normality of data and as it was found to be normally distributed, paired t-test used to analyze within group differences by comparing pre- and postreadings of WOMAC and VAS.

Results:
Participants with grade 2 tibiofemoral OA of knee had a significant decrease in pain and functional disability as seen in VAS scale, P value was 0.0005 and for WOMAC, P value was 0.0001.

Conclusion:
This study concludes that McConnell PFPS protocol had an upper hand in reducing functional disability and pain in Grade-2 tibiofemoral OA of knee.
Tau-symbol in the Adyghe traditional religion
Authors: Кагазежев Ж.В. 
Published: March 2022

Исследование символизма в традиционной религии адыгов представляетсобой важную задачу для воссоздания целостной картины истории региона. Она нераз-рывно связана с древними религиозными мировоззрениями, исследование которых рас-крывает феномен сакральности атрибута в адыгской традиционной религии. В статьеисследуется смысл древнего атрибута –Тау-символа (адыг. – тхьэпщ) и его значение втрадиционной адыгской религиозной системе. Тау-символ имел большую популярностьсреди адыгов вплоть до конца XIX в. и являлся сакральным атрибутом поклонения Ве-ликому Богу (адыг. – Тхьэшхуэ). Исследование смыслового понимания Тау-символа и свя-занных с ним обрядов приводят к выводу о доминировании в адыгской традиционнойрелигии идей монотеизма, вере в Великого Бога – Тхашхо (адыг. – Тхьэшхуэ), создателявселенной.
The study of symbolism in the traditional religion of the Adyghe is an important task forrecreating a holistic picture of the history of the region. It is inextricably linked with ancient religiousworldviews, the study of which reveals the phenomenon of the sacredness of the attribute inthe Adyghe traditional religion. The article explores the meaning of the ancient attribute – Tausymbol(Adyghe – Tkhepsch) and its signifi cance in the traditional Adyghe religious system. TheTau-symbol was very popular among the Adygs until the end of the 19th century and was asacred attribute of the worship of the Great God (Adyg. – Tkheshkhue). The study of the semanticunderstanding of the Tau-symbol and the rituals associated with it leads to the conclusion thatthe ideas of monotheism dominate in the Adyghe traditional religion, faith in the Great God –Tkhashkho (Adyg. – Tkheshkhue), the creator of the universe
CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES IN THE MOGILEV PROVINCE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES
Authors: Baiholau Yahor A. 
Published: March 2022

The article examines the problem of cultural and educational activities of agricultural societies in the Mogilev province in the second half of the XIX - early XX centuries. The work of agricultural societies affected such spheres of public life
as science, education and culture. The active position of the societies in the region contributed primarily to the development of agricultural education: the opening of agricultural schools, the printing of agricultural literature and the financing of agricultural research. The societies also paid great attention to the development of culture: the organization of exhibitions, the financing of newspapers and magazines devoted to agricultural topics. At a certain time, the activities of agricultural societies
became an important factor in the development of modernization processes in the Mogilev province, which in turn in some way contributed to the socio-cultural development of other Belarusian provinces at that time.
REFLECTION OF LIFE AND ACTIVITY OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENTISTS OF BELARUS OF THE 19TH – EARLY 20TH CENTURY IN THE SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE
Authors: Babaryka-Amelchanka Veranika B. 
Published: March 2022

Personal contribution of researchers, scientists, teachers, eminent
practitioners, organizers and leaders of the agricultural industry plays a direct role in the development and implementation of scientific knowledge and also influences to economic and social development of society. Facts of life and analysis of the activity
of agricultural scientists of Belarus in the XIX – early XX century were reflected in the scientific publications. The article, in accordance with the chronological stages (XIX – early XX century, Soviet period, late XX – early XXI centuries), presents a brief historiographical review of various types of publications that contain biographical information about the figures of agrarian science of the period.
Genetic Testing for Dyslipidemia in Children – Ethical Challenges and Dilemmas
Authors: Radoi Viorica , Birladeanu Nadejda 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The expanding appreciation of genetics by researchers, by clinicians and the general population goes hand in hand with the acknowledgement of its role in a multitude of diseases. However, each newly developed genetic test raises conflictual concerns in medicine, public health and social policy regarding the medical approaches under which the test would have a valuable role, and what are the uses of its results.
Genetic understanding is well defined for dyslipidemias, a collection of metabolic disorders which is characterized by high levels in the blood of lipoproteins, HDL, LDL and triglycerides (TG). The transmitted differences among families underlie the variation of lipid phenotypes and susceptibility to dyslipidemia. Disorders of lipid metabolism caused by genetic mutations along with other acquired risk factors are common in children. The nature of clinical features is often multifactorial and complex. While some show clinical signs and symptoms, children with genetic mutations, such as familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), are asymptomatic and generally normal weight, but increased cholesterol throughout life plays a key role in the progression of atherosclerosis from childhood and increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and stroke.
When considering FH, one of the most common monogenic diseases, there are unique benefits in identifying the causal genetic variant of patients under the age of 18th, because the presence of elevated levels of persistent cholesterol formed on an early age leads to the formation of atherosclerosis and participates in its progression towards adulthood. When identifying a child at risk, disease prevention is done through proper assessment, early formation of a healthy lifestyle, and appropriate medication to lower lipids. The risk can be greatly reduced in order to prevent future events related to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease1.
Association between Cardiac Malformations and Karyotype in Turner Syndrome - a Single Centre Study
Authors: Lazea Cecilia , Bucerzan Simona , Al-Khzouz Camelia , Cret Victoria , Crisan Mirela , Miclea Diana , Grigorescu-Sido Paula 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Turner syndrome is characterized by growth failure, pubertal delay and different skeletal, cardiovascular and renal malformations. In this study we investigated the prevalence of cardiac abnormalities and the correlation with the karyotype in girls with Turner syndrome.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 85 girls with TS aged 0–17 years, divided in two groups: monosomy X and other X chromosome abnormalities (mosaicism and structural X chromosome abnormalities). Echocardiography was performed in all patients. Karyotype was determined from peripheral blood lymphocytes using the G-banding technique.

Results
Monosomy X was the most frequent karyotype (68.3%). 31% of patients presented different cardiac abnormalities. Bicuspid aortic valve and coarctation of the aorta were the most prevalent heart malformations (16.5% and 11.8% respectively). The girls with monosomy X had a higher prevalence of heart malformations than the girls with other chromosome abnormalities. Bicuspid aortic valve was more frequent in the monosomy X group.

Conclusion
Monosomy X is associated with a higher incidence of cardiac abnormalities. There were no differences in cardiovascular abnormalities between various karyotypes except the higher incidence of bicuspid aortic valve observed in patients with monosomy X comparing to those with mosaic karyotype and structural X chromosome aberrations.
Echocardiographic Systolic and Diastolic Function Parameters Are Not Significantly Altered in Isolated Pediatric Excess Weight
Authors: Radulescu Cristina Ramona , Ghiorghiu Ioana Adriana , Berchimis Ana-Maria , Dascalasu Mihaela , Vlad Gabriela , Plesca Doina Anca 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Given the increasing burden pf pediatric excess weight, we employed echocardiography to assess the presence and extent of cardiac dysfunction in a cohort of excess weight children compared to normal weight controls.
46 excess weight children and 28 normal weight controls underwent clinical examination, standard transthoracic echocardiography, and Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI). Recorded parameters were normalized when possible.
Fractional shortening was normal in all subjects. A minority of participants (all of whom had excess weight) exhibited an ejection fraction of under 55%. M-mode and TDI systolic function parameters were mostly normal. There were conflicting results with respect to some diastolic function parameters (early diastolic flow propagation velocity, isovolumic relaxation time), but generally the diastolic function was also within normal limits.
Standard echocardiographic systolic and diastolic function parameters do not appear to be significantly altered in isolated pediatric excess weight. However, a thorough examination is advised in these children, as subtle changes may be identified in some, signaling a need for closer follow-up.
Cardiac Implication in Pediatric Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome – Three Case Reports and Review of the Literature
Authors: Cinteza Eliza , Voicu Cristiana , Grigore Cosmin , Stefan Dan , Anghel Malina , Galos Felicia , Ionescu Marcela , Balgradean Mihaela , Nicolescu Alin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome (PMIS) appears to be a relatively rare complication of COVID-19 in children, occurring in less than 1% of children with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. This condition can appear several weeks after the acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and is assumed to be a delayed immune response to coronavirus disease 2019 which can lead to a severe cardiovascular involvement.
In this retrospective study, our main purpose was to summarize the clinical data from three types of onsets in patients diagnosed with PMIS and report the experience to the known data in the literature. We put the emphasis on the course of management considering the three different presenting faces of the PMIS in children. All patients received IV immunoglobulin and antiplatelet treatment, 66% (2 of 3) necessitated inotropic support, corticosteroid therapy (metilprednisolon), anticoagulation, 33% (1 of 3) received Anakinra (antagonist of the interleukin 1 receptor). All of them received cardiac remodeling treatment with Lisinopril and Bisoprolol (associated or not with Spironolactone and Furosemide). Evolution was good with discharge in approximately 2 weeks from admission, without symptoms, and with cardiac improvement at echocardiography.
PMIS is an alarming situation that necessitate multidisciplinary approach and a complex management. The cardiac evaluation is crucial in risk evaluation and guidance for a correct approach of the disease.
Challenging Management of Pulmonary Regurgitation in an Adult Patient With Tetralogy of Fallot and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Olaru-Lego Georgiana , Radu Teodora , Gavrila Cristina , Enache Roxana , Platon Pavel , Predescu Lucian , Sandica Eugen , Coman Ioan M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Pulmonary regurgitation following correction of tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) is a common postoperative complication associated with progressive right ventricular (RV) enlargement and dysfunction, and is an important determinant of late morbidity and mortality. Usually, pulmonary regurgitation is well tolerated for many years following surgery, but it can lead to progressive exercise intolerance, heart failure, tachyarrhythmias, late sudden death requiring often re-intervention. The appropriate timing of such intervention can be a challenging topic given the risk of prosthetic valve degeneration, the increased risk of reoperation and the decision depends on assessment of right ventricle size and function. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is not an usual finding in ToF patient and it can be caused by pulmonary agenesis, hypoplasia and/or thrombosis, residual ventricular septal defect, or a large prior systemic-to-pulmonary shunt. Association of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with ToF and pulmonary regurgitation who needs valve correction involves higher surgical risks and the management must be taken in a multidisciplinary team.
Corrosion Behavior of Weathering Steels with Different Contents of Rare Earth Elements La and Ce
Authors: Wang Ruiqian , Chen Long , Zhi Jianguo , Lian Xintong , Guo Liya , Dong Han 
Published: March 2022

The effects of different contents of rare earth (RE) elements Ce and La on the corrosion behavior of weathering steel Q355NHq were investigated with alternate immersion tests and electrochemical measurements. The corrosion rates were lowest with the rusted steels containing 170 ppm RE elements. Aspex analysis showed that steels with the RE elements content of 170 ppm had the greatest percentage of inclusions with high content of RE elements. The immersion tests showed that modified inclusions with a high percentage of (RE)xOy exhibited a better corrosion resistance than CaS-Al2O3 inclusion. Compared with steels containing no more than 90 ppm RE, the rust layers of steels containing 170 ppm RE elements were compact and contained high amounts of α-FeOOH and low amounts of γ-FeOOH. Based on the results obtained, the influence of the different contents of RE elements in weathering steel corrosion is discussed.