bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of number of inlets on performance and flow field of large‐scale cyclone separators
Authors: Wang Zetao , Sun Guogang , Yuan Shiwei , Qian Zhen , Song Zhengyuan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe performance and flow field of large‐scale cyclones with different inlet numbers were investigated by using computational fluid dynamics methods. The results show that the efficiency, pressure drop, and performance factor of cyclones increase with the increase in the number of inlets, and the quadruple inlet cyclone having the best overall performance is supposed to adopt. The number of inlets of the cyclone increases, the tangential velocity increases, and the short‐circuit flow rate decreases; however, when the number of inlets is greater than 2, both variations are lessened. In this study, the vortex eccentricity of the quadruple inlet cyclone is the smallest, the vortex eccentricity of the double and triple inlet cyclone is comparable, and the vortex eccentricity of the single inlet cyclone is the most significant.
Cholinergic, catecholaminergic, serotonergic, and orexinergic neuronal populations in the brain of the lesser hedgehog tenrec (Echinops telfairi)
Authors: Malungo Illke B. , Mokale Reabetswe , Bertelsen Mads F. , Manger Paul R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe current study provides an analysis of the cholinergic, catecholaminergic, serotonergic, and orexinergic neuronal populations, or nuclei, in the brain of the lesser hedgehog tenrec, as revealed with immunohistochemical techniques. For all four of these neuromodulatory systems, the nuclear organization was very similar to that observed in other Afrotherian species and is broadly similar to that observed in other mammals. The cholinergic system shows the most variation, with the lesser hedgehog tenrec exhibiting palely immunopositive cholinergic neurons in the ventral portion of the lateral septal nucleus, and the possible absence of cholinergic neurons in the parabigeminal nucleus and the medullary tegmental field. The nuclear complement of the catecholaminergic, serotonergic and orexinergic systems showed no specific variances in the lesser hedgehog tenrec when compared to other Afrotherians, or broadly with other mammals. A striking feature of the lesser hedgehog tenrec brain is a significant mesencephalic flexure that is observed in most members of the Tenrecoidea, as well as the closely related Chrysochlorinae (golden moles), but is not present in the greater otter shrew, a species of the Potomogalidae lineage currently incorporated into the Tenrecoidea. In addition, the cholinergic neurons of the ventral portion of the lateral septal nucleus are observed in the golden moles, but not in the greater otter shrew. This indicates that either complex parallel evolution of these features occurred in the Tenrecoidea and Chrysochlorinae lineages, or that the placement of the Potomogalidae within the Tenrecoidea needs to be re‐examined.
Benchmarking the Degradation Behavior of Aluminum Foil Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Timothy , Thenuwara Akila C. , Yao Wendy , Sandoval Stephanie Elizabeth , Wang Congcheng , Kang Dae Hoon , Majumdar Diptarka , Gopalaswamy Rajesh , McDowell Matthew T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAluminum is an attractive candidate for replacing graphite anodes in lithium‐ion batteries because of its high specific capacity and the potential for direct use as foil. However, achieving reversible reaction of aluminum is challenging due to volume changes, SEI formation, and sluggish ion transport. Although prior work has investigated electrochemical transformation behavior of aluminum, the effects of key variables, including areal capacity per cycle and alloy composition, are not well understood. Here, we carry out comprehensive electrochemical testing to benchmark the performance of two different aluminum foils (99.999 % Al and Al 8111). We find that for constant thickness, both foil compositions exhibit a power‐law dependence of cycle life on the lithiated areal capacity per cycle, revealing that degradation is significantly more rapid at higher areal capacities. This behavior is interpreted as an “electrochemical fatigue” mechanism, in analogy to mechanical fatigue. Additionally, the alloy composition was found to strongly affect the Coulombic efficiency (CE), with high‐purity foils exhibiting higher initial CE but reduced long‐term stability. Finally, operando optical microscopy revealed different spatiotemporal reaction mechanisms amongst the different materials. This improved understanding of aluminum foil anodes paves the way for efforts to engineer aluminum‐based foils with enhanced stability.
Genetic evaluation of HAND2 gene and its effects on thalidomide embryopathy
Authors: Rengel Bruna Duarte , Kowalski Thayne Woycinck , Bremm João Matheus , do Amaral Gomes Julia , Schüler‐Faccini Lavínia , Vianna Fernanda Sales Luiz , Fraga Lucas Rosa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundHAND2 is a transcription factor important for embryonic development, required for limbs and cardiovascular development. Thalidomide is a drug responsible to a spectrum of congenital anomalies known as Thalidomide Embryopathy (TE), which includes mainly limb and heart defects. It is known that HAND2 interaction with TBX5, an important protein for limbs and heart development, is inhibited by Thalidomide. The aim of this study was to evaluate and characterize HAND2 in the context of TE, and to evaluate its variability in TE individuals.MethodsDNA from 35 TE subjects was extracted from saliva samples and PCR was performed for amplification and Sanger sequencing of HAND2 coding sequence.ResultsThe analysis showed only one variant; a synonymous variant p.P51 (rs59621536) in exon 1 found in three individuals. Further in silico evaluation confirmed highly HAND2 conservation, being the 3′UTR the most polymorphic region of the gene. Additional computational analyses classified the variant as neutral, without alteration in splicing and miRNA sites. In silico predictions pointed to alteration of two CpG islands adjacent to the variant; however, we did not observe any alterations on the methylation pattern of HAND2 gene in our sample. Moreover, alteration of the binding site of MeCP2, a nuclear protein involved in DNA methylation, was predicted along with alteration in HAND2 mRNA structure.ConclusionsConsidering HAND2 being a well conserved gene, further studies with a larger sample should be performed to evaluate the role this gene on genetic susceptibility to TE.
A core musculoskeletal anatomy syllabus for undergraduate physical therapy student education
Authors: Woodley Stephanie J. , Green Rodney A. , Webb Alexandra L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractKnowledge of musculoskeletal anatomy is fundamental to physical therapy education. Although detailed anatomy syllabi have been developed for medical and other health professional students, none are available for training physical therapists. Therefore, the aim of this project was to produce a core musculoskeletal anatomy syllabus specific to physical therapy students, utilizing a modified Delphi approach. An international Delphi panel (n = 53) composed of anatomists and clinicians involved in physical therapy education considered a total of 2193 anatomical items arranged in four categories (musculoskeletal concepts; vertebral column; pectoral girdle and upper limb; pelvic girdle and lower limb). Using specific criteria, items were rated on the basis of whether they were considered essential knowledge for a competent physical therapy student, and were categorized as core, recommended, not recommended or not core. Of the 2193 items, 1700 (77.5%) were rated as core or recommended. For musculoskeletal concepts, 70% (233/332) of items were categorized as core/recommended. Approximately 80% of items in the other three categories were considered core/recommended—vertebral column (355/440), pectoral girdle and upper limb (513/657), and pelvic girdle and lower limb (599/764). This project presents a detailed musculoskeletal anatomy syllabus which may be used within a physical therapy curriculum. A key difference compared to published musculoskeletal anatomy syllabi for medical students is that a greater number of items are considered core/recommended (approximately 80% vs. 50%). These findings will now be considered and deliberated in accordance with the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists modified Delphi approach.
The factors influencing the accuracy of pre‐operative endoscopic ultrasonography assessment in endoscopic treatments for gastrointestinal tumors
Authors: Zhao Yan , Ren Mudan , Jia Ai , Zhang Juan , Wang Shuying , Zhao Qian , Cai Guohong , He Shuixiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis retrospective study aimed to evaluate the factors influencing the accuracy of Endoscopic Ultrasonography (EUS) as a preoperative assessment for gastrointestinal tumors.MethodsA total of 261 patients with 264 gastrointestinal tumors were enrolled in the study. The parameters of the gastrointestinal lesions examined under EUS and their pathology were recorded and analyzed.ResultsThe accuracy of EUS for detecting intramucosal lesions and subepithelial lesions (SELs) were 83.6% and 91.4%, respectively. One hundred and ninety‐four (73.5%) lesions originated from the mucous layer, as determined by pre‐operation EUS examinations. The accuracy of EUS in predicting the correct T stage for intramucosal lesions in the gastric region, esophagus, and colorectum was 77%, 71.8%, and 84.6%, respectively. According to the Paris endoscopic classification, the distribution of macroscopic patterns was different between the EUS‐pathology conformity and nonconformity groups (p = 0.018). In the nonconformity group, 48.6% of erosive lesions were classified as 0‐IIc, 0‐IIa + IIc, 0‐IIc + IIa or 0‐III macroscopic patterns compared with 26% patients in the conformity group (p = 0.025). Univariate analyses demonstrated that ulcerative lesions (OR = 7.516, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 2.574–21.952, p < 0.001), location at the cardia of the stomach (OR = 3.619, 95%CI 1.076–12.168, p = 0.038), malignant tumor (OR = 2.920, 95%CI 1.339–6.368, p = 0.007) were significantly associated with EUS inaccuracy. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that ulcer was an independent risk factor associated with EUS inaccuracy, with odds ratios of 5.094 (95% CI: 1.641–15.807, p = 0.005).ConclusionsOur findings suggested that EUS is a reliable and easy‐to‐use diagnostic tool in decision‐making regarding appropriate endoscopic treatment for gastrointestinal tumors. However, the diagnostic accuracy of EUS appeared questionable in the presence of ulceration.
Light‐Harvesting Artificial Cells for the Generation of ATP and NADPH†
Authors: Su Ziwei , Zhang Xiangxiang , Wang Weichen , Dong Mingdong , Han Xiaojun 
Published: September 2022

Comprehensive SummaryThe bottom‐up construction of self‐powered artificial cells is significant to understand the energy supply and metabolism of nature cells. Here, we demonstrate an efficient manner to build thylakoid‐containing artificial cells, which continuously convert light energy into chemical energy to supply adenosine 5’‐triphosphate (ATP) under light illumination. The production of ATP supplies energy to promote the biological enzyme cascade reactions, where glucose is transformed into glucose 6‐phosphate (G6P) under the catalysis of hexokinase (HK). G6P was further converted to gluconolactone 6‐phosphate (PG) in the presence of 6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), meanwhile NADP+ was converted to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). The self‐powered artificial cells were demonstrated to generate ATP and NADPH successively, which provided a way for building more complicated artificial cells.
Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and predictors of sleep disordered breathing in hospitalized heart failure patients
Authors: Huang Boping , Huang Yan , Zhai Mei , Zhou Qiong , Ji Shiming , Liu Huihui , Zhuang Xiaofeng , Zhang Yuhui , Zhang Jian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundHeart failure (HF) is often comorbid with sleep disordered breathing (SDB). This prospective study investigated the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and predictors of SDB in hospitalized HF patients.MethodsSleep studies were performed on hospitalized HF patients from January 2015 to February 2019. SDB was categorized as no/mild SDB, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and central sleep apnea (CSA).ResultsThe study included 1069 hospitalized HF patients. The prevalence rates of OSA and CSA were 16.6% and 36.9%, respectively. Patients with OSA or CSA were more likely to be male and have a higher body mass index (BMI) and more comorbidities. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male sex (odds ratio [OR] = 1.803, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.099–2.958), BMI (per 5 kg/m2 increase: OR = 2.270, 95% CI = 1.852–2.783), hypertension (OR = 2.719, 95% CI = 1.817–4.070), diabetes (OR = 1.477, 95% CI = 1.020–2.139), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (per 5% increase, OR = 1.126, 95% CI = 1.053–1.204) were independent predictors of OSA. Male sex (OR = 1.699, 95% CI = 1.085–1.271), age (per 10 years, OR = 1.235, 95% CI = 1.118‐1.363), heart rate (per 10 bpm, OR = 1.174, 95% CI = 1.099–2.958), LVEF (per 5% increase, OR = 0.882, 95% CI = 0.835–0.932), NT‐proBNP (lnNT‐proBNP, OR = 1.234, 95% CI = 1.089–1.398) and hypocapnia (OR = 1.455, 95% CI = 1.105–1.915) were independent predictors of CSA. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.794 (95% CI = 0.758–0.830) and 0.673 (95% CI = 0.640–0.706), respectively.ConclusionsMore than half of hospitalized HF patients had OSA or CSA, and CSA was the predominant type. OSA and CSA predictors differ. The clinical characteristics of HF patients can help make preliminary predictions for SDB patients.
Prognostic value of global longitudinal strain in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yang Ying , Wu Dong , Wang Hui , Wang Yanting 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs previously reported, impairment of left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) is associated with myocardial fibrosis, arrhythmias, and heart failure in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients.HypothesisThis study aimed to estimate the association between LVGLS measured by echocardiography and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with HCM.MethodsPubmed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for evaluating the difference of LVGLS between MACE and non‐MACE and the relevance of LVGLS and MACE in HCM patients, mean difference (MD), and pooled hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Publication bias was detected by funnel plots and Egger's test, and trim‐and‐fill analysis was employed when publication bias existed.ResultsA total of 13 studies reporting 2441 HCM patients were included in this meta‐analysis. Absolute value of LVGLS was lower in the group of HCM with MACE (MD = 2.74, 95% CI: 2.50–2.99, p < .001; I2 = 0, p = .48). In the pooled unadjusted model, LVGLS was related to MACE (HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.06–1.22, p < .05, I2 = 58.4%, p < .01) and there is a mild heterogeneity, and sensitivity analysis showed stable results. In the pooled adjusted model, LVGLS was related to MACE (HR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.08–1.16, p < .05; I2 = 0%, p = .442). Egger's tests showed publication bias, and trim‐and‐fill analysis was applied, with final results similar to the previous and still statistically significant.ConclusionThe meta‐analysis suggested that impaired LVGLS was associated with poor prognosis in HCM patients.
A Mixed PC61BM‐COi8DFIC Based Electron Transport Material for Inverted High‐performance Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Ali Jazib , Li Yu , Song Jingnan , Zhang Ming , Zhou Guanqing , Xu Jinqiu , Zhu Lei , Hussain Ahmad , Khan Firoz , Liu Feng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study reports a blend of [6, 6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) and COi8DFIC non‐fullerene acceptor (NFA) as an electron transport layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This mixed small‐molecule ETL showed good inter‐molecule mixing, reduced intermolecular distances and decent morphology, resulting in excellent charge carrier transport properties. Morever, charge carrier extraction and transport at the perovskite/ETL interface was optimized by reducing surface traps and defects due to the passivation ability of various terminal groups from the COi8DFIC molecule. A high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.12 % was achieved by taking advantage of benefits from both molecules, showing much better performance than the invidual PC61BM or COi8DFIC (7.13% for using the NFA only). Moreover, the storage and ambient stabilities of the mixed ETL‐based PSCs increased dramatically compared to control devices.
Bioequivalence of Pomalidomide Capsules in Fasting and Fed States in Healthy Male Volunteers: A Randomized, Open, Single‐Dose, Biperiodic, Double‐Crossover Study
Authors: Wang Yannan , Lin Sisi , Wang Ying , Wang Zhuoyan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetic parameters, and bioequivalence (BE) of pomalidomide (POM) capsules (specification: 4 mg) acquired from 2 sponsors (test [T] and reference [R]), under fasting and fed conditions. A single‐center, randomized, open‐label, 2‐cycle, self‐crossover, single‐dose clinical trial was conducted. Subjects were divided into fasting (n = 28) and fed (n = 28) groups and assigned randomized treatment sequences (T‐R or R‐T). Blood samples for pharmacokinetic evaluation were collected within 48 hours of administration, and safety was assessed throughout. Exposure to POM was similar following single‐oral‐dose administrations of T or R between the fasting and fed states. T and R exhibited BE, as demonstrated by statistical analysis; the 90%CIs of the geometric mean ratios of maximum plasma concentration, area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC)from time 0 to the last measurable concentration, and AUC from time 0 to infinity were within the acceptable BE range (80%–125%). Administering POM capsules with high‐fat meals resulted in a 2.5‐hour delay in time to maximum concentration and an ≈20.4% reduction in maximum plasma concentration. However, AUCs were comparable after dose administrations with and without food. The fast and fed groups revealed that POM capsules were tolerated in healthy Chinese male subjects, and so were orally bioavailable in healthy subjects under fasting and fed states.
Graphdiyne(CnH2n‐2)‐Based NiCo LDH – Graphdiyne – CuI Double S‐Scheme Heterojunction For Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production**
Authors: Zhang Yueyang , Liu Hai , Yang Mengxue , Liu Shanchi , Jin Zhiliang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGraphdiyne (GDY), a new two‐dimensional carbon isomer material, has received much attention due to its excellent properties, but has been less applied in the field of photocatalytic hydrogen production. Different from the conventional method, in this paper, GDY−CuI binary heterojunctions are prepared by the one‐pot method, and then GDY−CuI is combined with different morphologies of NiCoLDH (NiCoLDH‐F and NiCoLDH‐R; LDH=layered double hydroxide) through morphology modulation to form NiCoLDH−CuI−GDY double S‐scheme heterojunction catalysts. On the one hand, NiCoLDH could provide sufficient anchor sites for GDY−CuI, which is conducive to the separation and transport of electrons at the contact interface and provides abundant reaction sites for the hydrogen precipitation reaction. NiCoLDH in the form of nanorods is more stable and provides more active sites for hydrogen precipitation than NiCoLDH in the form of nanoflowers. On the other hand, the construction of double S‐scheme heterojunctions can promote electron transfer and exhibit strong redox ability in photocatalytic reactions, so the hydrogen precipitation activity is enhanced. Most importantly, both NiCoLDH‐F−CuI−GDY (12.09 μmol ⋅ h−1) and NiCoLDH‐R−CuI−GDY (13.47 μmol ⋅ h−1) exhibited excellent hydrogen precipitation activity. This experiment provides a new strategy for the construction of an efficient and environmentally friendly multicatalytic system.
A sexual highly diploidized autotetraploid plant induced from the diploid cytotype of Paspalum chaseanum Parodi
Authors: Novo Patricia E. , Carrizo Julio M. , Villalba Augusto I. , Quarin Camilo L. , Espinoza Francisco 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPaspalum is one of the most common native grass genera of the New World grasslands, and it includes many wild natural forage species and rare domesticated ones. Polyploidy is widespread among the genus. Many species are multiploid, which basically involve two components: a sexual self‐incompatible diploid cytotype and a conspecific apomictic tetraploid, pseudogamous, and self‐compatible cytotype, though other apomictic polyploid levels may occur in the same species. Tetraploid individuals, reproducing exclusively sexually, have never been identified in a natural apomictic tetraploid Paspalum species. Doubling the chromosome number of a 2x cytotype is used to obtain a sexual autotetraploid to carry out sexual × apomictic crosses in breeding programs for plant improvement. After numerous attempts we generated only one autotetraploid plant of P. chaseanum (I4C) which reproduced sexually and was highly self‐incompatible. An unexpected preferential chromosome pairing resulted in the cytological diploidization of I4C. Despite each chromosome having three copies in I4C, meiotic chromosome configurations showed just 9.9% chromosomes forming multivalents (trivalents and quadrivalents), 82.1% bivalents, plus 7.9% univalents. The possible causes of this preferential pairing were analyzed. Although highly self‐incompatible, it was fertile in crosses following intra‐ and interspecific pollinations, but with variable seed set, from over 45% when crossed with an apomictic natural tetraploid strain of P. chaseanum, to 0.9% with a strain of P. wrightii. Thus, a novel autotetraploid P. chaseanum was synthesized with very interesting characteristics: sexual reproduction, high self‐incompatibility, variable cross‐compatibility, and high cytological diploidization. All valuable attributes for breeding programs in a forage grass.
Metal‐Free Photocatalysts for Conversion of H2O into Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Wang Qiao , Kong Xin Ying , Wang Yongye , Wang Li , Huang Yingping , Li Hui , Ma Tianyi , Ye Liqun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important green oxidizing agent for environmental protection and chemical production. In comparison to the traditional anthraquinone method, photosynthesis is a green and energy‐saving process for H2O2 production. To improve the stability and practical application value of the H2O2 synthesized by photocatalysis, the H2O2 photosynthesis should be conducted in pure water without involving any sacrificial reagents. In this regard, organic semiconducting catalysts pose as a suitable candidate for photocatalytic H2O2 synthesis owing to their metal‐free nature to prevent H2O2 decomposition by the metal ions. In this Perspective, the H2O2 photosynthesis history is firstly introduced, followed by a review of the organic semiconductor photocatalysts reported to date. Finally, the main problems to thwart the advances of current pure H2O‐to‐H2O2 photosynthesis are discussed, followed by proposed solutions to address these issues in order to pave new ways for the development of highly efficient metal‐free organic photocatalysts for sustainable pure H2O‐to‐H2O2 conversion.