bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-donor × elite-based populations reveal QTL for low-lodging wheat
Authors: Dreccer M. Fernanda , Macdonald Bethany , Farnsworth Claire A. , Paccapelo M. Valeria , Awasi Mary Anne , Condon Anthony G. , Forrest Kerrie , Lee Long Ian , McIntyre C. Lynne 
Published: March 2022

AbstractKey messageLow-lodging high-yielding wheat germplasm and SNP-tagged novel alleles for lodging were identified in a process that involved selecting donors through functional phenotyping for underlying traits with a designed phenotypic screen, and a crossing strategy involving multiple-donor × elite populations.AbstractLodging is a barrier to achieving high yield in wheat. As part of a study investigating the potential to breed low-lodging high-yielding wheat, populations were developed crossing four low-lodging high-yielding donors selected based on lodging related traits, with three cultivars. Lodging was evaluated in single rows in an early generation and subsequently in plots in 2 years with contrasting lodging environment. A large number of lines lodged less than their recurrent parents, and some were also higher yielding. Heritability for lodging was high, but the genetic correlation between contrasting environments was intermediate-low. Lodging genotypic rankings in single rows did not correlate well with plots. Populations from the highest lodging background were genotyped (90 K iSelect BeadChip array). Fourteen markers on nine chromosomes were associated with lodging, differing under high- versus low-lodging conditions. Of the fourteen markers, ten were found to co-locate with previously identified QTL for lodging-related traits or at homoeologous locations for previously identified lodging-related QTL, while the remaining four markers (in chromosomes 2D, 4D, 7B and 7D) appear to map to novel QTL for lodging. Lines with more favourable markers lodged less, suggesting value in these markers as a selection tool. This study demonstrates that the combination of donor functional phenotyping, screen design and crossing strategy can help identify novel alleles in germplasm without requiring extensive bi-parental populations.
Capacity and resource allocation in flexible production networks by a game theory model
Authors: Renna Paolo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn many production applications, plants that produce multiple products with random demands share the required items among suppliers. The decision of how to allocate requests between suppliers to achieve the desired level of customer service is relevant to the efficiency of the production network. The literature highlighted how the long chain has the same level of performance as the full flexible network. This research proposes a decision model based on the game theory model to improve the performance of the production network. The model uses the Gale-Shapley algorithm with low computational complexity to share the demand among the suppliers. A simulation environment allows the evaluation of the proposed model in different conditions, and the model is compared to the dedicated, full flexibility, and long chain models. The numerical results show how the proposed model improves the efficiency of the production environment by keeping the number of connections with the supplier closer to the long chain model.
Deep learning-based image reconstruction and post-processing methods in positron emission tomography for low-dose imaging and resolution enhancement
Authors: Pain Cameron Dennis , Egan Gary F. , Chen Zhaolin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractImage processing plays a crucial role in maximising diagnostic quality of positron emission tomography (PET) images. Recently, deep learning methods developed across many fields have shown tremendous potential when applied to medical image enhancement, resulting in a rich and rapidly advancing literature surrounding this subject. This review encapsulates methods for integrating deep learning into PET image reconstruction and post-processing for low-dose imaging and resolution enhancement. A brief introduction to conventional image processing techniques in PET is firstly presented. We then review methods which integrate deep learning into the image reconstruction framework as either deep learning-based regularisation or as a fully data-driven mapping from measured signal to images. Deep learning-based post-processing methods for low-dose imaging, temporal resolution enhancement and spatial resolution enhancement are also reviewed. Finally, the challenges associated with applying deep learning to enhance PET images in the clinical setting are discussed and future research directions to address these challenges are presented.
Diagnostik erblicher Netzhautdystrophien. Stellenwert molekulargenetischer Diagnostik aus Patientenperspektive
Authors: Kellner Ulrich , Jansen Sandra , Bucher Franziska , Stingl Katarina 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Diagnose erblicher Netzhautdystrophien ist aufgrund der niedrigen Prävalenz und der Variabilität der klinischen Präsentation schwierig. Eine bestmöglich gesicherte Diagnose ist für den Patienten für die Lebensplanung und die Abklärung der Möglichkeit einer frühzeitigen zielgerichteten Therapie wesentlich.

Fragestellung
Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, ein besseres Bild des Patientenweges bis zur finalen Diagnosestellung nachzuzeichnen. Dies sollte dazu dienen, mögliche Schwachstellen in der Diagnostik und Versorgung aufzudecken und Verbesserungspotenziale insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Nutzung genetischer Diagnostik aufzuzeigen.

Material und Methoden
Die Daten wurden mittels Umfragebögen und Online-Interviews von der Selbsthilfevereinigung PRO RETINA Deutschland e. V. unter Patienten mit erblichen Netzhautdystrophien erhoben. Daten wurden mittels deskriptiver Statistik ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse
Im Zeitraum vom 15.03. bis zum 22.04.2021 wurden 183 Umfragebögen ausgefüllt und 42 Online-Interviews durchgeführt. Die Umfragepopulation bestand aus 48 % weiblichen Teilnehmern, das Durchschnittsalter betrug 55 Jahre, erste Symptome traten im Schnitt im Alter von 22 Jahren auf. Von den ersten Symptomen bis zur finalen Diagnose vergingen etwa 14 Jahre. Lediglich 66 % der Befragten gaben an, dass mindestens 1 Gentest bei Ihnen durchgeführt wurde; weniger als die Hälfte (47 %) erhielt eine humangenetische Beratung. Die überwiegende Mehrheit (85 %) würde eine Gentherapie erwägen.

Schlussfolgerung
Aus der Patientenperspektive sind eine Verkürzung des Diagnoseweges, das Angebot einer molekulargenetischen Diagnostik sowie einer humangenetischen Beratung wesentlich für die Verbesserung der Versorgung von Patienten mit erblichen Netzhautdystrophien.
Capsule aerodynamics and shock-wave boundary layer interaction (SBLI) in supersonic and transonic flow
Authors: Gawehn Thomas , Schleutker Thorn , Gülhan Ali 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStatic force and moment measurements are performed on the MarcoPolo-R aero shape in the trisonic wind tunnel TMK. The static stability behaviour of the capsule is characterized in the Mach number range $$0.5\le M\le 3.5$$

0.5
≤
M
≤
3.5

reproducing the Mach and Reynolds conditions of the flight trajectory in the supersonic regime. An aerodynamic database is built based on the experimental results. The flow structure around the capsule is visualised in supersonic tests by means of schlieren imaging. Under certain conditions, development of a complex shock system on the leeward side of the inclined capsule is observed. Oil film technique is used to visualise boundary layer phenomena in connection to this shock system. Numerical simulations with the DLR TAU code are performed to support the interpretation of the flow phenomena under these conditions.
Graphical abstract
Schlieren imaging visualisation of density gradients in supersonic flow. Depending on the test conditions and angle of incidence, a complex shock system is observed on the leeward side of the inclined capsule. Analysis of the shock structure and its impact on aerodynamic coefficients is one subject of the present investigation.
Health services in older psoriasis patients before and after nursing home admission
Authors: Petersen Jana , Garbe Claudia , Wolf Sandra , Stephan Brigitte , Augustin Matthias , Hagenström Kristina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background and objective
Demographic change confers significance to healthcare management of chronic diseases like psoriasis. There are few studies on the care of older people with psoriasis, particularly for the nursing home setting. It was investigated whether the number of psoriasis patients with specialist contact changes before vs. after nursing home admission.

Material and methods
We analyzed claims data of a German health insurance company including a cohort of newly admitted nursing home residents aged 65 years and older between 2011 and 2014, who received a diagnosis of psoriasis 1 year before nursing home admission. Outpatient care was compared between the years before vs. after nursing home admission. We conducted a multivariate regression analysis for identifying predictors for dermatological care.

Results
The study cohort included 718 insured persons (Ø83 years). Proportion of patients who had contact to a dermatologist significantly decreased after nursing home entry (44.6% before vs. 40.1% after nursing home entry). Strongest predictors for dermatological care after entry were a previously existing dermatological contact (odds ratio, OR 3.87, 95% confidence interval, CI 2.70–5.54) and prescription for topical steroids (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.14–2.28).

Conclusion
The analysis of health insurance data showed a pertinent decrease in the use of outpatient dermatological care after institutionalization. The evaluation of the adequacy of care is difficult due to the used database without clinical information. As long as no further investigations of this vulnerable patient group are available, the care of psoriasis patients of old age should be closely monitored. Dermatological knowledge of the skin in old age is an essential prerequisite for this.
Coronary artery disease, left ventricular function and cardiac biomarkers determine all-cause mortality in cancer patients—a large monocenter cohort study
Authors: Finke Daniel , Heckmann Markus B. , Wilhelm Susanna , Entenmann Lukas , Hund Hauke , Bougatf Nina , Katus Hugo A. , Frey Norbert , Lehmann Lorenz H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCancer patients are at risk of suffering from cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Nevertheless, the impact of cardiovascular comorbidity on all-cause mortality (ACM) in large clinical cohorts is not well investigated. In this retrospective cohort study, we collected data from 40,329 patients who were subjected to cardiac catherization from 01/2006 to 12/2017 at University Hospital Heidelberg. The study population included 3666 patients with a diagnosis of cancer prior to catherization and 3666 propensity-score matched non-cancer patients according to age, gender, diabetes and hypertension. 5-year ACM in cancer patients was higher with a reduced left ventricular function (LVEF < 50%; 68.0% vs 50.9%) or cardiac biomarker elevation (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT; 64.6% vs 44.6%) and N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP; 62.9% vs 41.4%) compared to cancer patients without cardiac risk. Compared to non-cancer patients, NT-proBNP was found to be significantly higher (median NT-proBNP cancer: 881 ng/L, IQR [254; 3983 ng/L] vs non-cancer: 668 ng/L, IQR [179; 2704 ng/L]; p < 0.001, Wilcoxon-rank sum test) and turned out to predict ACM more accurately than hs-cTnT (NT-proBNP: AUC: 0.74; hs-cTnT: AUC: 0.63; p < 0.001, DeLong’s test) in cancer patients. Risk factors for atherosclerosis, such as diabetes and age (> 65 years) were significant predictors for increased ACM in cancer patients in a multivariate analysis (OR diabetes: 1.96 (1.39–2.75); p < 0.001; OR age > 65 years: 2.95 (1.68–5.4); p < 0.001, logistic regression). Our data support the notion, that overall outcome in cancer patients who underwent cardiac catherization depends on cardiovascular comorbidities. Therefore, particularly cancer patients may benefit from standardized cardiac care.
Graphical abstract
Associations between dietary patterns, FTO genotype and obesity in adults from seven European countries
Authors: Livingstone Katherine M. , Brayner Barbara , Celis-Morales Carlos , Moschonis George , Manios Yannis , Traczyk Iwona , Drevon Christian A. , Daniel Hannelore , Saris Wim H. M. , Lovegrove Julie A. , Gibney Mike , Gibney Eileen R. , Brennan Lorraine , Martinez J. Alfredo , Mathers John C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
High-fat and low-fibre discretionary food intake and FTO genotype are each associated independently with higher risk of obesity. However, few studies have investigated links between obesity and dietary patterns based on discretionary food intake, and the interaction effect of FTO genotype are unknown. Thus, this study aimed to derive dietary patterns based on intake of discretionary foods, saturated fatty acids (SFA) and fibre, and examine cross-sectional associations with BMI and waist circumference (WC), and interaction effects of FTO genotype.

Methods
Baseline data on 1280 adults from seven European countries were included (the Food4Me study). Dietary intake was estimated from a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Reduced rank regression was used to derive three dietary patterns using response variables of discretionary foods, SFA and fibre density. DNA was extracted from buccal swabs. Anthropometrics were self-measured. Linear regression analyses were used to examine associations between dietary patterns and BMI and WC, with an interaction for FTO genotype.

Results
Dietary pattern 1 (positively correlated with discretionary foods and SFA, and inversely correlated with fibre) was associated with higher BMI (β:0.64; 95% CI 0.44, 0.84) and WC (β:1.58; 95% CI 1.08, 2.07). There was limited evidence dietary pattern 2 (positively correlated with discretionary foods and SFA) and dietary pattern 3 (positively correlated with SFA and fibre) were associated with anthropometrics. FTO risk genotype was associated with higher BMI and WC, with no evidence of a dietary interaction.

Conclusions
Consuming a dietary pattern low in discretionary foods and high-SFA and low-fibre foods is likely to be important for maintaining a healthy weight, regardless of FTO predisposition to obesity.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01530139. Registered 9 February 2012 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01530139
The use of photobiomodulation therapy for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: a randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial (NEUROLASER trial)
Authors: Joy Lodewijckx , Jolien Robijns , Marithé Claes , Stijn Evens , Laura Swinnen , Hilde Lenders , Sandra Bortels , Wendy Nassen , Ruth Hilkens , Liesbeth Raymakers , Sylvana Snoekx , Sylvia Hermans , Jeroen Mebis 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in breast cancer patients.

Methods
A prospective, randomized placebo-controlled pilot trial (NEUROLASER) was set up with 32 breast cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy (ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT03391271). Patients were randomized to receive PBM (n = 16) or placebo treatments (n = 16) (2 × /week) during their chemotherapy. The modified Total Neuropathy Score (mTNS), six-minute walk test (6MWT), Numeric pain Rating Scale (NRS), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynecologic Oncology Group Taxane (FACT/GOG-Taxane) were used to evaluate the severity of CIPN and the patients’ quality of life (QoL). Outcome measures were collected at the first chemotherapy session, 6 weeks after initiation of chemotherapy, at the final chemotherapy session, and 3 weeks after the end of chemotherapy (follow-up).

Results
The mTNS score increased significantly over time in both the control and the PBM group. A significantly higher score for FACT/GOG-Taxane was observed in the PBM group during chemotherapy compared to the control group. Questions of the FACT/GOG-Taxane related to sensory peripheral neuropathy symptoms showed a significant increase in severeness over time in the control group, whereas they remained constant in the PBM group. At follow-up, a (borderline) significant difference was observed between both groups for the 6MWT and patients’ pain level, in benefit of the PBM group.

Conclusions
This NEUROLASER trial shows promising results concerning the prevention of CIPN with PBM in breast cancer patients. Furthermore, a better QoL was observed when treated with PBM.
Improvement in disease activity among patients with rheumatoid arthritis who switched from intravenous infliximab to intravenous golimumab in the ACR RISE registry
Authors: Tesser John , Lin Iris , Shiff Natalie J. , Chakravarty Soumya D. , Schmajuk Gabriela , Hammam Nevin , Desai Sheetal 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Infliximab and golimumab are intravenously (IV) administered tumor necrosis factor inhibitors approved to treat moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with concomitant methotrexate. Owing to differences in biologic construct, patients with IV-infliximab treatment failure may benefit from switching to IV-golimumab. Utilizing the ACR’s Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness (RISE), a large electronic health records registry based in the USA, we assessed RA disease activity in patients switching from IV-infliximab to IV-golimumab. This retrospective, longitudinal, single-arm study included adults (≥ 18 years) with ≥ 1 RA diagnosis code between 2014 and 2018 and ≥ 1 IV-infliximab prescription within 6 months of a new IV-golimumab order (index date). Longitudinal assessments of disease activity using the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) were calculated in patients continuing IV-golimumab for 6–9- and 9–12-months post-switch. Paired t-tests evaluated significance of mean improvements during the follow-up periods. Most RA patients with disease activity assessments during the 6-month follow-up (N = 100; mean age: 65.3 years; 81% female; 74% white) demonstrated moderate-to-high disease activity (CDAI: 73% [38/52]) at enrollment. On average, patients showed significant improvement in disease activity within 6–9 months of switching; mean CDAI scores improved from 21.3 to 14.1 (p < 0.0001) and were durable through 9–12 months of treatment. Real-world patients with moderate-to-high disease activity who switched from IV-infliximab to IV-golimumab demonstrated significant and sustained improvements post-switch as measured by the CDAI.

Key Points• This study used real-world data from the Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness (RISE) registry to evaluate the efficacy of directly switching from intravenous (IV)-infliximab to IV-golimumab to control rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity.• Most IV-infliximab patients had moderate-to-high disease activity at the time of the switch.• On average, IV-golimumab was effective in improving RA disease activity after switching from IV-infliximab as measured by the Clinical Disease Activity Index.• These data suggest that real-world RA patients with persistent symptoms despite treatment with IV-infliximab may realize improved disease control with a switch to IV-golimumab.
The Reflection Principle in the Control Problem of the Heat Equation
Authors: Egidi Michela , Seelmann Albrecht 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe consider the control problem for the generalized heat equation for a Schrödinger operator on a domain with a reflection symmetry with respect to a hyperplane. We show that if this system is null-controllable, then so is the system on its respective parts and the corresponding control cost does not exceed the one on the whole domain. As an application, we obtain null-controllability results for the heat equation on half-spaces, orthants, and sectors of angle π/2n. As a byproduct, we also obtain explicit control cost bounds for the heat equation on certain triangles and corresponding prisms in terms of geometric parameters of the control set.
From aesthetics to ethics: Testing the link between an emotional experience of awe and the motive of quixoteism on (un)ethical behavior
Authors: Villar Sergio , Carrera Pilar , Oceja Luis 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAccording to the awe-quixoteism hypothesis, one experience of awe may lead to the engagement in challenging actions aimed at increasing the welfare of the world. However, what if the action involves damaging one individual? Across four experiments (N = 876), half participants were induced to feel either awe or a different (pleasant, activating, or neutral-control) emotion, and then decided whether achieving a prosocial goal (local vs. global). In the first three experiments this decision was assessed through a dilemma that involved to sacrifice one individual’s life, additionally in Experiments 2 and 3 we varied the quality of the action (ordinary vs. challenging). In Experiment 4, participants decided whether performing a real helping action. Overall, in line with the awe-quixoteism hypothesis, the results showed that previously inducing awe enhanced the willingness to sacrifice someone (Experiments 1, 2 and 3) or the acceptance to help (Experiment 4) when the decision involved engaging in challenges aimed at improving the welfare of the world.
Early-growth results within a Eucalyptus globulus breeding population suggest limited scope for selection focused on CO2 responsiveness
Authors: Brookhouse Matthew Theodore , Bush David , Ivkovich Milos , Busch Florian , Farquhar Graham Douglas , Pinkard Elizabeth 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Increasing [CO2] may influence commercial crop and timber yield. While selection of genotypes sensitive to elevated [CO2] (e[CO2]) appears possible in agricultural crops, there is limited evidence for genotype-by-CO2 (G × CO2) interactions in commercial tree species. We examined [CO2] responsiveness in 124 open-pollinated Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus (E. globulus) families with the aim of assessing whether G × CO2 interactions are detectable in seedlings for early-age screening. Plants were grown in ambient (a[CO2]; ~ 405 μmol mol−1) and e[CO2] (640 μmol mol−1) and harvested 25 days after germination. Total, shoot, and root dry weights were determined for each plant. Carbon isotopic discrimination against 13C (Δ13C) was determined at the family level. We observed highly significant (p < 0.0001) increases in mean total, shoot, and root dry weights. Mixed-model equations were used to estimate the main and interaction effects of the G × CO2 for each mass trait. The main effects from the mixed-model output ([CO2] and individual-tree effects) were significant for all traits. However, [CO2]-by-individual tree interactions were non-significant for all traits, indicating little G × CO2 interaction. A secondary aim was to examine the correlation between greenhouse and mature-age growth from breeding trials that use common families conducted under ambient [CO2]. These correlations were non-significant, suggesting early growth is not necessarily indicative of later-age responses. Our results suggest that while early growth of E. globulus is enhanced under e[CO2], genotypes respond relatively uniformly to e[CO2] and little opportunity exists for seedling-based selection at the population level based upon the response of plants during the first weeks of growth.