bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pneumonitis associated with bortezomib in a patient with multiple myeloma
Authors: Kars Taha Ulutan , Yaşkıran Osman , Çeneli Özcan 
Published: December 2022

Introduction Bortezomib, which is widely used in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), is a proteasome inhibitor and acts by inducing apoptosis. Bortezomib has many side effects, mainly hematological, neurological, and gastrointestinal. A few cases of bortezomib-induced pneumonitis (BIP) have been reported in the literature. Case Report A 51-year-old male patient who was newly diagnosed with MM received bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone as first-line therapy. In the first cycle, the patient developed dyspnea, tachypnea, and hypoxia after the fourth day of administration of bortezomib monotherapy according to the treatment protocol. Management and outcome Infection and pulmonary involvement of MM were excluded after radiological evaluations, and a diagnosis of BIP was made. Clinical control was achieved quickly with steroid therapy and oxygen support, and radiological findings improved with treatment. Due to this rare side effect of bortezomib, the treatment regimen containing bortezomib was changed. The patient is still receiving treatment that does not contain bortezomib and does not have any pulmonary problems. Discussion In cancer patients receiving treatment, infection and metastasis should be quickly ruled out when pulmonary problems occur, and drug-induced pneumonitis should be considered. This diagnosis, which often responds dramatically to steroids, has the potential to have serious consequences when not considered. In this case, we present bortezomib-associated pneumonitis, a rare side effect of bortezomib. The most important feature of this case is the development of this side effect at the beginning of the treatment, unlike other cases reported in the literature.
Agreement between a new swept-source ocular coherence tomography and a Placido disc-dual Scheimpflug ocular biometric devices
Authors: McLintock Cameron , Niyazmand Hamed , Seo Shiney , Barrett Graham , Kumar Nilagiri Vinay , Karimian Sahar , McKelvie James 
Published: December 2022

Purpose To evaluate the agreement between two biometry devices, the Heidelberg Anterion and the Galilei G6 Lens Professional. Methods Eyes were scanned with both biometry devices. Analysis of inter-device agreement was conducted for the following metrics: flat (K1), steep (K2) and mean K (Km) for anterior, posterior and total cornea, lens thickness (LT), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), white to white (WTW) and axial length (AL). Generalised Estimating Equations were used to account for inter-eye correlation. Bland-Altman analysis was conducted to derive the mean difference (MD) and limits of agreement (LoA) between devices. Differences were deemed clinically significant if they would result in a change in post-operative refraction of 0.25D or more. Results 159 eyes of 91 patients were included. For the anterior cornea, no significant MD was found for K1 (−0.11D) and K2 (−0.10D), although a significant MD was found for Km (−0.10D). For posterior cornea, while there were no significant MDs between devices, the LoAs were wide for both posterior K1(−0.70, 0.68) and posterior K2 (−1.01, 1.29). For total corneal power, significant MDs were found in K1 (0.36D), and Km (0.26D) but not for K2 (0.17D). Significant MDs were found for LT (0.179mm), CCT (−0.005mm), ACD (−0.111mm) and WTW (−0.158mm), but not for AL (−0.021mm, p > 0.05). Conclusion: There are statistically but not clinically significant differences between Anterion and Galilei G6 Lens Professional in anterior Km, LT, CCT, ACD and WTW. Measurements of the posterior and total cornea are not interchangeable between devices.
Aberrant expression of miR-138 as a novel diagnostic biomarker in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Bayati Paria , Poormoghim Hadi , Mojtabavi Nazanin 
Published: December 2022

Background: MicroRNAs are short nucleotide sequences that contribute to the regulation of various biological functions and therefore their roles have been investigated in many pathologic conditions such as epithelial to mesenchymal transition in cancer and fibrosis; among them, miR-138 has been mostly studied in cancer biology and is well-known for its suppressing effect on cancer progression. Being able to suppress major pathways involved in EMT, miR-138 could be a good candidate to be investigated in fibrotic responses too. Based on our previous studies, and the capability of miR-138 to target and regulate several components of the EMT pathway; we hypothesized a role for miR-138 in systemic sclerosis. Accordingly, the gene expression of miR-138 was assessed to find any alterations in the whole blood of the SSc patients. Methods: Blood was collected from 70 patients with systemic sclerosis (equally divided between 2 groups of limited and diffuse categories) and 30 healthy individuals as controls. RNA was immediately isolated from the fresh whole blood; afterward, the resulting RNA was reverse transcribed into cDNA and then the relative expression of miR-138 was compared between the patients and the controls by the means of qPCR, and specific TaqMan primer and probes. Results: The relative expression of miR-138 was significantly lower in patients with systemic sclerosis compared to the controls. No significant difference was observed between the limited and diffuse patient groups. ROC curve analysis showed an appropriate diagnostic value of miR-138 in effectively differentiating SSc patients from the healthy controls. Conclusion: miR-138 is likely involved in the pathogenesis of SSc and with further evaluations may be utilized as a diagnostic biomarker in SSc. Also, targeting miR-138 in future studies could be promising for finding a novel treatment option for patients with SSc.
Experimental investigation on fire endurance and residual strength of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with CFRP grids
Authors: Liu Zongquan , Yue Qingrui , Li Rong , Chen Xiaobing 
Published: December 2022

Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement is known to be extremely susceptible to deterioration of mechanical properties when exposed to fire. FRP grids encased with polymer mortar have received much attention lately as an efficient and fire-resistant technology for strengthening concrete structures. An experimental investigation was undertaken to examine and document the performance of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) grids strengthened reinforced concrete beams under the sustained service load and the standard fire. Tests results on fire indicated that, even without any insulation, the CFRP grids strengthened beam can achieve a satisfactory fire endurance of more than 2 hours. The polymer mortar layer allows the strengthened beam to have longer fire endurance time than the un-strengthened beam, while under larger service loads. Moreover, this paper also presents a residual strength study of fire-tested beams. It has demonstrated that, if the FRP grids are able to maintain below the decomposition temperature when exposed to fire, the FRP grids strengthening system will be able to retain almost full effectiveness after cooling down.
Psychological stress and coping strategies among frontline healthcare workers supporting patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a retrospective study and literature review
Authors: Ding Xingyu , Jian Zihong , Xu Yiming , Lin Zibei , Chen Ziyang , Zhang Yixian , Huang Huayao , Chen Ronghua , Xia Pincang , Zhang Wei , Du Houwei 
Published: December 2022

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak might have a psychological impact on frontline healthcare workers. However, the effectiveness of coping strategies was less reported. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the sources of stress and coping strategies among frontline healthcare workers fighting against COVID-19. We also performed a literature review regarding the effects of coping methods on psychological health in this population. Methods: We included frontline healthcare workers who completed an online survey using self-made psychological stress questionnaires in a cross-sectional study. We evaluated the association between potential factors and high-stressed status using a logistic regression model. We performed the principal component analysis with varimax rotation for factor analysis. We also performed a systematic review of published randomized controlled studies that reported the effects of coping methods on psychological health in COVID-19 healthcare workers. Results: We included 107 [32 (29–36) years] respondents in the final analysis, with a response rate of 80.5%. A total of 41 (38.3%) respondents were high-stressed. Compared with the low-stressed respondents, those with high-stress were less likely to be male (46.3% versus 72.7%, p = 0.006), nurses (36.6% versus 80.3%, p < 0.001), and more likely to have higher professional titles ( p = 0.008). The sources of high-stress in frontline healthcare workers were categorized into ‘work factor’, ‘personal factor’, and ‘role factor’. A narrative synthesis of the randomized controlled studies revealed that most of the coping methods could improve the psychological stress in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that some frontline healthcare workers experienced psychological stress during the early pandemic. Effective coping strategies are required to help relieve the stress in this population.
The overlapping relationship among depression, anxiety, and somatic symptom disorder and its impact on the quality of life of people with epilepsy
Authors: Shen Sisi , Dong Zaiquan , Zhang Qi , Xiao Jing , Zhou Dong , Li Jinmei 
Published: December 2022

Background: Emotional disorder is an important indicator for assessing the quality of life (QOL) of people with epilepsy (PWE). Depression, somatic symptom disorder (SSD) and anxiety are among the most frequently occurring mental disorders and overlap with each other. Objectives: This study examines the overlap of these three emotional disorders and their effects separately and in combination on the QOL of PWE. Design: Cross-sectional study. Data Sources and Methods: Adults attending our epilepsy clinic between 1 July 2020 and 1 May 2022 were consecutively enrolled. They were screened for depression, SSD, and anxiety by structured interviews, and demographic, epilepsy-related and QOL indicators were collected. Multivariate analysis, propensity score matching (PSM) and stratified analysis were used to explore the effects of their respective and combined effects on QOL. Results: Among the 749 patients, 189 patients (25%) were diagnosed with depression, 183 patients (24%) were diagnosed with SSD, and 157 patients (21%) were diagnosed with anxiety. The frequency of occurrence of each emotional disorder together with other emotional disorders was higher than the frequency of occurrence of an emotional disorder alone. Depression, SSD, and anxiety all had an independent effect on QOL of PWE ( p < 0.001). Depression had the greatest effect, followed by SSD, and then anxiety ( β: multivariate analysis, −11.0 versus –7.8 versus –6.5; PSM, −14.7 versus –9.4 versus –6.8). The QOL of PWE decreased more significantly with the increasing number of comorbid emotional disorders ( β: –12.1 versus –20.7 versus –23.0). Conclusion: It is necessary to screen for three emotional disorders, that is, depression, SSD, and anxiety, in PWE. Attention should be paid to people with multiple comorbid emotional disorders.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the otolaryngology residency training program in a university-based hospital in Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Bunnag Kanokrat , Tansawet Amarit , Jitaroon Kawinyarat , Junthong Sirinan , Ungkhara Girapong , Kulthaveesup Anan , Wangchalabovorn Patcharamanee 
Published: December 2022

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the otolaryngology residency training program in Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University. Methods: Conducted from October 2021 to January 2022, this cross-sectional survey included all residents, residents who graduated in 2021, and the attending staff. One form was sent to both resident groups for self-assessment and another form to the attending staff for resident assessment. The survey questions were about attitude toward COVID-19 service, knowledge, outpatient department service, surgical skills, and burnout assessment using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Results: This study included 17 residents and 9 attending staff members. COVID-19 indeed had affected the clinical and surgical training. Regarding the attitude toward COVID-19 services, the residents were moderately satisfied. They were concerned about work suspension resulting from infection and also death from COVID-19. N95 masks and other protective gears were scarce. Compared with those during the prepandemic era, residents had fewer academic activities, and they preferred hybrid teaching. The inpatient department, outpatient department, and surgical training opportunities, as well as elective and urgent surgeries, were also reduced. The attending staff considered 1-year extension of the training program, but the residents disapproved. The residents became less confident both in outpatient department service and surgical skill, and they felt emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased sense of personal accomplishment. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic had significant impact on otolaryngology residency training programs. It did not only affect burnout among residents but also caused a perception of skill and knowledge reduction.
Patient-Identified Solutions to Primary Care Access Barriers in Canada: The Viewpoints of Nepalese Immigrant Community Members
Authors: Dahal Rudra , Naidu Jessica , Bajgain Bishnu Bahadur , Thapa Bajgain Kalpana , Adhikari Kamala , Chowdhury Nashit , Turin Tanvir C. 
Published: December 2022

Background: Accessing healthcare for immigrants in Canada is complicated by many difficulties. With the continued and upward trend of immigration to Canada, it is crucial to identify the solutions to the barriers from the perspectives of different immigrant communities as they encounter them including the relatively smaller and less studied population groups of immigrants. As such, Nepalese immigrants in Canada are a South Asian ethnic group who have their own distinct language, culture, and socio-economic backgrounds, however, their experience with accessing healthcare in Canada is scarce in the literature. Methods: We conducted 12 focus group discussions with first-generation Nepalese immigrants who had experiences with primary care use in Canada. Informed consent and demographic information were obtained before each focus group discussion. The verbatim transcription of the focus groups was analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The participants expressed a range of potential solutions to overcome the barriers, which we presented using the socio-ecological framework into 4 different levels. This includes individual-, community-, service provider-, and government/policy-levels. Individual-level actions included improving self-awareness and knowledge of health in general and navigating the healthcare system and proactively improving the language skills and assimilating into the Canadian culture. Examples of community-level actions included community events to share health information with immigrants, health literacy programs, and driving/carpooling to clinics or hospitals. Actions at the service provider level were mainly focused on enhancing communications, cultural competency training for providers, and ensuring to hire primary care workforce representing various ethnocultural backgrounds. Overall, focus group participants believed that the provincial and federal government, as appropriate, should increase support for dental and vision care support and take actions to increase the healthcare capacity, particularly by employing internationally graduated health professionals. Conclusions: Access to primary care is essential for the health of immigrant populations in Canada. Individuals, community organizations, health service providers, and governments need to work both individually and collaboratively to improve immigrants’ primary care access.
Surface Contamination of Reusable Respirators and Face Shields During Care of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Shah Anand , Zhuang Eileen , German Jennifer , Tai Sheldon , Schanz Maria , Glendening Gabrielle , Mason Mackenzie , Kolesnik Olga , Hines Stella E. 
Published: December 2022

Background: With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, healthcare workers (HCW) have relied on reusable personal protective equipment (PPE), including respirators and face shields (FSs). The effectiveness of decontamination procedures outside experimental settings is unclear. We examined the prevalence of surface contamination on reusable PPE used by HCWs at a hospital incorporating daily centralized decontamination and post-use wiping by sampling for common pathogens. Method: Samples were collected from HCWs’ CleanSpace Halo respirator face masks (FMs) and FSs at the start of shift, immediately after use, and after cleaning with disinfecting wipes. Samples were analyzed for pathogens using the Applied Biosystems™ TaqPath™ COVID-19 Combo Kit and ThermoFisher TaqMan Array Card. Patient charts were reviewed for clinical correlation. Findings: Of the 89 samples, 51 from FMs and 38 from FSs, none tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, despite 58 being obtained from PPE used in the care of patients with COVID-19, many with recent aerosol-generating procedures. Four samples tested positive (4.5%) for Staphylococcus aureus, two each from FMs and FSs. FMs that tested positive were not worn concurrently with FSs that tested positive. The FM and FS samples testing positive were worn in the care of patients without diagnosed S. aureus infection. No FMs tested positive following wipe-based disinfection, but both positive FS samples were found after disinfection wiping. Conclusion/Application to Practice: Contamination of reusable PPE appears uncommon, especially with SARS-CoV-2, when regular decontamination programs are in place. The rare presence of S. aureus highlights the importance of doffing procedures and hand hygiene by HCW to prevent surface contamination.
Preserving the Bedside Nurse: Grip Strength and Orthopedic Problems Among Nurses and Nursing Students
Authors: Harrity Robert , Semakula Robert , Dehom Salem , D’Errico Ellen , Roberts Lisa 
Published: December 2022

Background: Bedside nurses and nursing students are at increased risk of musculoskeletal injury due to the physicality and complexity of their work. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between grip strength and orthopedic injuries or pain among nurses and nursing students. Methods: A cross-sectional study of nursing staff and nursing students at a health sciences university was conducted. The survey consisted of work-related demographics, exercise habits, and validated scales. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to collect information on musculoskeletal problems. Anthropomorphic measures included height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and grip strength. Logistic regression was performed. Findings: Participants with grip strength at or above the national average had significantly lower odds of self-reported orthopedic problems, B = 0.86, OR = 2.35, p =.01, indicating participants with grip strength at or above national average were 135% less likely to report orthopedic problems compared to participants with grip strength below the national average. Conclusion/Application to Practice: Healthcare workers in direct patient care who have lower grip strength may be at increased risk for injuries. Nursing staff and students with below average grip strength were more likely to experience orthopedic problems. Increased muscle mass and grip strength are known to effectively reduce the risk of upper extremity injuries. Nurse leaders may benefit from promoting grip strengthening activities among employees to prevent workplace injuries. Further research is needed to understand the biophysiological mechanisms, confirm the findings of this study and evaluate effective interventions.
Validity and Reliability of the Thai Version of the Modified Harris Hip Score for Patients With Hip Abnormalities
Authors: Chumchuen Sukanis , Apivatgaroon Adinun , Phanichwong Peemmawat , Kanokvaleewong Chanont , Pinsornsak Piya , Pongcharoen Boonchana 
Published: December 2022

Background: The modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) is one of the more commonly used patient-reported outcome measures to evaluate and monitor treatment in patients with hip abnormalities and has been translated into several languages. Purpose: To develop a Thai version of the mHHS (TH-mHHS) and evaluate the validity and reliability of the measure. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The TH-mHHS was developed using the forward-backward translation method. Patients who presented with hip pain during the first clinic visit completed the Thai version of questionnaires including the mHHS, 36-item Short Form Health Survey (TH-SF36), and Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (TH-HOOS). The validity between the measures was tested using the Spearman correlation coefficient. The test-retest reliability of the TH-mHHS was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient, and internal consistency was assessed using the Cronbach alpha. Results: A total of 64 patients were enrolled who had a mean age of 52.8 ± 16.6 years (range, 17-80 years). There were 64% female and 36% male participants. The TH-mHHS showed a moderate correlation with all subscales of the TH-HOOS and the total TH-HOOS ( r = 0.50-0.65; P < .01) and a high correlation with the physical functioning subscale and physical component summary of the TH-SF36 ( r = 0.73 and 0.75, respectively; P < .01). The test-retest reliability was excellent, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.95 (95% CI, 0.92-0.97; P < .001). The internal consistency was acceptable, with a Cronbach alpha of .71. No floor or ceiling effects were observed. Conclusion: The TH-mHHS showed a moderate to high correlation with the TH-SF36 and TH-HOOS, excellent test-retest reliability, and acceptable internal consistency. This measure can be effectively used for evaluating Thai patients with hip disorders, especially an older and arthritic population.
Root cause analysis to identify major barriers to the promotion of patient safety in Japan
Authors: Kurihara Masaru , Watari Takashi , Kosaka Shintaro , Enomoto Kiichi , Kimura Toru , Taniguchi Kaori , Watanuki Satoshi , Nagoshi Kiwamu , Koizumi Shunzo 
Published: December 2022

Objectives Despite existing patient safety measures, both outside and inside hospitals, barriers to patient safety prevail. We aimed to identify the current contributory factors to patient safety in Japan. Methods This qualitative study included nine expert Japanese health care providers working both inside and outside hospitals. These participants, who included six physicians, one nurse, one pharmacist, and one physical therapist, work across a broad spectrum in government policy and public health, academia, and safety management. Root cause analysis using the online Kawakita Jiro method (KJ method or affinity diagram) was conducted. We labeled and summarized the classification in a fishbone diagram to elucidate barriers to patient safety in Japan. Results We identified specific factors in six main groups: the hospital system, education, law and policy, culture and society, patient centricity, and multidisciplinary cooperation. Quality of care, patient engagement, and shortage of patient safety specialists were crucial factors for multiple groups. Conclusions This study clarifies components of patient safety in Japan and provides basic data for promoting comprehensive patient safety in the future. Periodic root cause analysis of comprehensive patient safety issues can help develop strategies to promote patient safety at both the hospital and national levels.