bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An efficient communication strategy for massively parallel computation in CFD
Authors: Wan YunBo , He Lei , Zhang Yong , Zhao Zhong , Liu Jie , Zhang HaoYuan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
With the growing computing power of high-performance computers, efficient parallel algorithms are becoming increasingly important in the development of Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD). This research presents a novel parallel strategy based on asynchronous and package communication. This strategy tries to enhance the performance of large-scale computation for realistic complex geometry. The new strategy aggregates all communications and only requires communication once at each iteration step. Convergence of the new strategy is also proved and validated. Three numerical experiments demonstrates the exceptional parallel performance of the novel strategy in simulating complex geometry. When the number of CPU cores approach 26 thousand, strong scale parallel efficiency still remains at 74% based on 10.5 billion mesh elements. With 179,200 CPU cores and 10 billion mesh elements, weak scale parallel efficiency maintains at 90%. This research demonstrates that large-scale parallel computation can be applied efficiently in numerical simulation of a complex aircraft.
The Optimal Screw-hole Positions of The Eccentric Revision Cup Based on A Morphological Study
Authors: zhang yanchao , ma haiyang , liu yang , shen junmin , zhang bohan , zhou yonggang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Bridging bone defects in revision total hip arthroplasty is a challenge to orthopedic surgeons. The eccentric revision cup is a progression of jumbo cup. Our aim is to confirm the optimal screw-hole positions of the eccentric revision cup by morphological measurements of three-dimensional pelvic reconstruction. Methods: Eighty CT images were converted to virtual three-dimensional bones. After simulating the surgery procedure, all available screw holes were inserted with the screws in virtual. By measuring the length of the screw in the pelvic bone, we determined the rich bone stock area. Then the screw holes were designed according to the characteristics of bone stock distribution. The peripheral screw-hole cluster and inner screw-hole cluster were studied respectively.Results: For peripheral screw-hole cluster, five screw holes were evenly distributed between point A and point B in the thicker rim. For inner screw-hole cluster, screw hole 1 and screw hole 2 are the recommended inner screw holes.Conclusion: The eccentric revision cup has inherited the strengths of jumbo cup besides several unique advantages, including using the peripheral screws enhancing primary stability; decreasing the shift of hip rotation center and restoring biomechanical function; reducing the risk of dislocation because of the smaller head-cup differences; increasing the contact area between the outer cup and the host bone while maintaining a normal inclination of the inner cup. In this study, we confirmed the optimal screw-hole positions of the eccentric revision cup by surgical simulation and morphological measurement. However, biomechanical tests are still being further explored.
Further exploring cognitive and affective outcomes following bilateral 6- hydroxidopamine infusion into the substance nigra or striatum of rats
Authors: Mattos Bianca Andretto , Bonato Jéssica Mendes , Milani Humberto , Bel Elaine Del , Oliveira Rubia Maria Weffort 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The majority of animal models of PD focus on the motor symptoms induced by unilateral injections of neurotoxins such as 6-hydroxidopamine (6-OHDA) in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathways. However, motor changes induced by unilateral 6-OHDA injections may interfere in the identification of cognitive and affective dysfunctions. To select an appropriate method for studying non-motor symptoms of PD and potential neuroprotective treatments, the present study aimed to compare the behavioral effects of bilateral 6-OHDA infusion directly into the SNpc or striatum of rats. A battery of behavioral tests including affective and cognitive tasks was conducted for 22 days after nigrostriatal lesions. 6-OHDA infusion into the SNpc resulted in the elevated mortality rate of rats over time while no significant effect was detected in rats that received 6-OHDA into the striatum. A massive degeneration of TH-IR neurons was observed in the SNpc, striatum, and VTA with either 6-OHDA infusion into the SNpc or the striatum. Concerning functional outcomes, 6-OHDA infusion into the striatum resulted in a decrease in the general exploratory activity 7 days after lesion. Rats receiving 6-OHDA into the SNpc showed cognitive impairments and despair-like behaviors. A decreased number of newborn neurons was found in the hippocampus of rats that received the toxin in the striatum, indicating decreased neurogenesis. Both 6-OHDA infusion into the SNpc or into the striatum impacted the maturation of hippocampal newborn neurons. These results indicate that bilateral injections into the SNpc might be a proper method to study the non-motor symptoms of PD.
Transdisciplinary research with Sámi reindeer herders: A comparative case study analysis
Authors: Schwarze Marleen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
There is a growing interest in conducting research with Indigenous Peoples in Arctic regions. Sámi herders, practicing reindeer husbandry for centuries, are increasingly involved in social-ecological research. This study reflects on transdisciplinary research projects conducted in collaboration between researchers and Sámi herders. In particular, the study investigates how the transdisciplinary projects implemented co-production of knowledge and which ethical considerations were followed to assure responsible collaboration. A comparative case study analysis was conducted to gain insights about transdisciplinary research practices, reviewing the content of publications and reports of five case studies in Fennoscandia. The results show a variety of methods of co-production, levels of participation and involvement, as well as a lack of a shared ethical approach. In conclusion, the results suggest that TDR represents a spectrum of research modes that can be improved in their efforts to be ethically responsible. On this basis, the study encourages researchers and participants to report their experiences and reflections in research collaboration to promote learning on how to conduct TDR responsibly. Further, the study stresses the need for an ethical framework for collaborative research developed by Sámi.
Intestinal microbiome richness of coral reef damselfishes (Actinopterygii: Pomacentridae)
Authors: Kavazos Christopher R. J. , Ricci Francesco , Leggat William , Casey Jordan , Choat Howard John , Ainsworth Tracy Danielle 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Fish gastro-intestinal system harbours diverse microbiomes that affect the host’s digestion, nutrition and immunity. Despite the great taxonomic diversity of fish, little is understood about fish microbiome and the factors that determine its structure and composition. Damselfish are important coral reef species that play pivotal roles in determining algae and coral population structures of reefs. Broadly, damselfish belong to either of two trophic guilds based on whether they are planktivorous or algae-farming. In this study, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to investigate the intestinal microbiome of five planktivorous and five algae-farming damselfish species (Pomacentridae) from the Great Barrier Reef. We detected Gammaproteobacteria ASVs belonging to the genus Actinobacillus in 80% of sampled individuals across the two trophic guilds, thus, bacteria in this genus can be considered possible core members of pomacentrid microbiomes. Algae-farming damselfish had greater bacterial alpha-diversity, a more diverse core microbiome and shared 35 ± 22 ASVs, whereas planktivorous species shared 7 ± 3 ASVs. Our data also highlight differences in microbiomes associated with both trophic guilds. For instance, algae-farming damselfish were enriched in Pasteurellaceae, whilst planktivorous damselfish in Vibrionaceae. Finally, we show shifts in bacterial community composition along the intestines. ASVs associated with the classes Bacteroidia, Clostridia and Mollicutes bacteria were predominant in the anterior intestinal regions while Gammaproteobacteria abundance was higher in the stomach. Our results suggest that the richness of the intestinal bacterial communities of damselfish reflects host species diet and trophic guild.
Shear-Driven Reactions of Organosulfur Compounds on Ferrous Surfaces: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Mohammadtabar Karen , Eder Stefan J , Dörr Nicole , Martini Ashlie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Chemical reactions in sliding contacts driven by the combined effects of heat, pressure, and shear underlie the function of lubricant additives that protect surfaces from friction and wear. However, the interplay between thermal and mechanical effects in driving these important reactions, as well as the roles of base oil molecules and the surface chemistry, are not fully understood. In this study, reactive molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the reactions between di-tert-butyl disulfide, a component of sulfurized isobutylene extreme pressure additive, and ferrous surfaces in various temperature and stress conditions. Simulations were run with and without a model base oil, n-dodecane, and on either Fe(100) or H-passivated Fe2O3 surfaces. Reaction yield increased with both temperature and pressure for all three model systems. The presence of the base oil did not significantly affect the yield or reaction pathway, but the pressure dependence of the yield was slightly lower because the base oil reduced the shear force on the surfaces. However, replacing the ideal Fe(100) with H-passivated Fe2O3 surfaces led to reaction pathways involving the oxygen from the surface and decreased the reaction yield. The rate-limiting step of the reaction for the three models was then analyzed in the context of the Bell model. Although these observations were made for a specific chemical component of extreme pressure additives, the approach demonstrated can be used for other additive chemistries as well as for interpreting shear-driven reactions more generally within the framework of reactive molecular dynamics simulations.
Manual therapy in diabetic patients with tibio-tarsal dorsiflexion deficit and forefoot overload. Functional assessment of plantar pressures and gait after manual treatment. A Case Report
Authors: Tedeschi Roberto 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Limitation of tibio-tarsal joint mobility in diabetic patients can occur within a few years of diagnosis, even in young patients. This joint movement deficit is believed to be due to stiffness in muscles, tendons, joint capsules, ligaments and skin. With this in mind, the aim of this study is to design an experimental protocol of orthopaedic manual therapy and therapeutic exercise in the future for subjects with diabetes, reduced joint mobility and subsequent insufficient dorsal flexion of the tibio-ankle, and to test the reduced avampodalic pressure that correlates with an increased ulcerative risk.
Case presentation
A patient with type 2 diabetes, inertial motion sensors, Baropodometric platform, Lounge test, MWM. Already after the first session an improvement in plantar pressures was observed with a decrease both in the peaks from 413.6 Kpa to 99 Kpa in both feet and in the average plantar pressures from 129.8 Kpa to 54.5 Kpa for both feet with a decrease in plantar pressures at the forefoot from 43.7–33.2%. Tissue elasticity was assessed with the Lunge Test, and increased from 8 cm to 9.5 cm.
Conclusions
The results suggest that the role of manual treatment combined with an exercise programme could increase tarsal dorsiflexion and consequently decrease plantar pressures.
Formulation of energy loss in a four-way circular manhole at crossroad
Authors: Okamoto A. , Arao S. , Kusuda T. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Energy loss at a manhole which is at a junction of storm sewers or combined sewers is important for accurately estimating its discharge capacity. However, even in Japan, the energy loss at the manhole is usually ignored in designing sewers and flood inundation analysis. One of the reasons for the ignorance is difficulty to formulate the energy loss at the manhole because the number of variables which must be considered increases as the number of sewers connected to the manhole increases. The authors have formulated the energy loss of a four-way circular manhole with three inflow sewers and one outflow sewer at crossroad. The formula is applicable only to the equal flow rates in two opposite lateral inflow sewers. In this paper, a new formula for the energy losses is proposed based on experimental data on a four-way circular manhole with different flow rates on three inflow sewers. It shows that the energy losses calculated with it almost reproduce the measured ones.
Tyrosine-83 of Renin Has an Important Role in Renin-Angiotensinogen Reaction
Authors: Suzuki Fumiaki , Goto Kensaku , Shiratori Yasuhiko , gami Tadashi Ina , Murakami Kazoo , Nakamur Yukio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
,Mutant renins of Y83F and Y83H retained catalytic activity reduced to 12.5 and 28.8% of that of the wild type, respectively, but the Y83A mutation caused total loss of the activity. The Y83F and Y83H mutations decreased their kcat values at pH 7.0 into 10.7 and 5.18% of that for the wild type, respectively, although their Km values remained at the similar levels as that Of the wild type. The optimal pH of the activity was shifted to 6.3 from 7.0 in both mutants.
LTBP1 Gene Expression in the Cerebral Cortex and its Neuroprotective
Mechanism in Mice with Postischemic Stroke Epilepsy
Authors: Li Hui , Liu Bo , Wang Yan , He Dongruo , Han Guochao , Wang Hao , Lin Yuan , Zhang Tianyu , Yi Chao 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
This study aimed at exploring the expression level of LTBP1 in the mouse model of epilepsy. The mechanism of LTBP1 in epileptic cerebral neural stem cells was deeply investigated to control the occurrence of epilepsy with neuroprotection.

Methods:
qRT-PCR was conducted for the expression levels of LTBP1 in clinical human epileptic tissues and neural stem cells as well as normal cerebral tissues and neural stem cells. The mouse model of Postischemic stroke epilepsy (PSE) was established by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Then, qRT-PCR was conducted again for the expression levels of LTBP1 in mouse epileptic tissues and neural stem cells as well as normal cerebral tissues and neural stem cells. The activation and inhibitory vectors of LTBP1 were constructed to detect the effects of LTBP1 on the proliferation of cerebral neural stem cells in the PSE model combined with CCK-8. Finally, Western blot was conducted for the specific mechanism of LTBP1 affecting the development of epileptic cells.

Results:
Racine score and epilepsy index of 15 mice showed epilepsy symptoms after the determination with MCAO, showing a successful establishment of the PSE model. LTBP1 expression in both diseased epileptic tissues and cells was higher than those in normal clinical epileptic tissues and cells. Meanwhile, qRT-PCR showed higher LTBP1 expression in both mouse epileptic tissues and their neural stem cells compared with those in normal tissues and cells. CCK-8 showed that the activation of LTBP1 stimulated the increased proliferative capacity of epileptic cells, while the inhibition of LTBP1 expression controlled the proliferation of epileptic cells. Western blot showed an elevated expression of TGFβ/SMAD signaling pathway-associated protein SMAD1/5/8 after activating LTBP1. The expression of molecular MMP-13 associated with the occurrence of inflammation was also activated.

Conclusion:
LTBP1 can affect the changes in inflammation-related pathways by activating TGFβ/SMAD signaling pathway, stimulate the development of epilepsy, and the inhibition of LTBP1 expression can control the occurrence of epilepsy, with neuroprotection.
Green Synthesized Nanomaterials for Safe Technology in Sustainable
Agriculture
Authors: Singh Nakshatra Bahadur , Chaudhary Ratiram Gomaji , Desimone Martin Federico , Agrawal Anupam , Shukla Saroj K. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Nanotechnology is a new emerging cutting-edge technology in the 21st century and has applications in medical, cosmetics, electronics, energy, food, agriculture, and many sectors. Nanomaterials (NMs) are the main component of nanotechnology. NMs prepared by chemical routes are very hazardous and not safe for life. Therefore, attempts are being made to prepare NMs via different green routes. It is expected that nanotechnology using green synthesized NMs will be safe. At the same time, green synthesized nanomaterials will be cost effective. In this chapter, the applications of green synthesized NMs in agriculture have been discussed in detail.
Development of Photographic Food Atlas of Carbohydrate Servings of
Banana Varieties Consumed in Enugu State for Dietary Counselling of
Diabetic Patients
Authors: Maduforo Aloysius Nwabugo , Ngwu Elizabeth Kanayo , Ndiokwelu Chika , Chikwendu Justina Ndirika , Okoro Clementina Ebere 
Published: June 2022

Background and Objectives:
Intake of fruits as snacks for diabetic patients is usually
encouraged, but there is the challenge of overconsumption and the inability to estimate the appropriate
quantity to eat at a time. A photographic food atlas of three banana varieties (red
Dacca, Gros Michel, and green mutant species) consumed in Enugu state, Nigeria, was developed
using edible portions of foods that would supply a specific amount of carbohydrates (10g,
15g, 20g, 30g, and 45g) and their energy content was also calculated.

Methods:
The banana varieties were obtained from banana vendors in Nsukka local markets. The
samples were analyzed for proximate (moisture, protein, carbohydrates, ash, fat, and crude fibre)
composition using standard methods. The energy content was calculated using Atwater factors
for carbohydrates, fats, and protein. Standardized photographs of each carbohydrate portion size
(10g, 15g, 20g, 30g, and 45g) of the selected banana variety were captured, and their weights
were recorded. The photographs were formatted on A4 size paper, with each page containing 5
photographs.

Results:
Red dacca had the highest (19.5g/100g) carbohydrate content which is the least
(12.3g/100g) in the green mutant. The carbohydrate contents of red dacca and gros Michel species
are comparable (p > 0.05) but significantly (p < 0.05) lower in green mutant species. Energy
is highest (125 kcal/100g) in green mutant and least (95 kcal/100g) in gros Michel. The photographic
food atlas developed contains 15 photographs of three banana varieties.

Conclusion:
This study developed a veritable visual aid for dietary counselling of diabetic
patients. The tool is suitable for estimating portion sizes of banana, their carbohydrate and energy
content.
Ageism and Artificial Intelligence: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Chu Charlene H , Leslie Kathleen , Shi Jiamin , Nyrup Rune , Bianchi Andria , Khan Shehroz S , Rahimi Samira Abbasgholizadeh , Lyn Alexandra , Grenier Amanda 
Published: June 2022

Background
Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a major driver of technological development in the 21st century, yet little attention has been paid to algorithmic biases toward older adults.

Objective
This paper documents the search strategy and process for a scoping review exploring how age-related bias is encoded or amplified in AI systems as well as the corresponding legal and ethical implications.

Methods
The scoping review follows a 6-stage methodology framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley. The search strategy has been established in 6 databases. We will investigate the legal implications of ageism in AI by searching grey literature databases, targeted websites, and popular search engines and using an iterative search strategy. Studies meet the inclusion criteria if they are in English, peer-reviewed, available electronically in full text, and meet one of the following two additional criteria: (1) include “bias” related to AI in any application (eg, facial recognition) and (2) discuss bias related to the concept of old age or ageism. At least two reviewers will independently conduct the title, abstract, and full-text screening. Search results will be reported using the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) reporting guideline. We will chart data on a structured form and conduct a thematic analysis to highlight the societal, legal, and ethical implications reported in the literature.

Results
The database searches resulted in 7595 records when the searches were piloted in November 2021. The scoping review will be completed by December 2022.

Conclusions
The findings will provide interdisciplinary insights into the extent of age-related bias in AI systems. The results will contribute foundational knowledge that can encourage multisectoral cooperation to ensure that AI is developed and deployed in a manner consistent with ethical values and human rights legislation as it relates to an older and aging population. We will publish the review findings in peer-reviewed journals and disseminate the key results with stakeholders via workshops and webinars.

Trial Registration
OSF Registries AMG5P; https://osf.io/amg5p

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/33211