bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mineral contents of salt-lick water and mammal visitation to salt-lick in tropical rainforests of Peninsula Malaysia
Authors: Tawa Yuko , Sah Shahrul Anuar Mohd , Kohshima Shiro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In order to examine the possible mineral supplementing function of salt licks for mammals in tropical rainforests of Peninsular Malaysia, we analysed mineral concentration of water from the salt-licks mainly visited by herbivorous mammals to drink water, and relationship between the mineral concentration and salt-lick visit by mammals. Among analysed minerals, only the concentrations of sodium and calcium were significantly higher in the water from all studied salt-licks than those of the nearby streams in both dry and rainy seasons, indicating that the mammals could supplement these minerals by drinking the salt-lick water. The herbivores most frequently visited the salt-lick with the sodium concentration significantly higher than other salt-licks. In contrast, the omnivores and the carnivores didn’t show such tendency. Among four herbivore species that visited the salt-licks most frequently, red muntjac and sambar, the first and second most-frequent visitors (41.7% and 20.8% of the visitation record by mammals), most frequently visited the salt-lick with highest sodium concentration, but Malayan tapir and white-thighed langur frequently visited the salt-lick with lower sodium concentration. The results are consistent with the hypotheses that sodium supplementation is an important purpose of salt-lick visit by herbivores, but also indicated that the factors other than sodium concentration also affect the selection of the salt-licks to visit by herbivores.
Multidisciplinary management of recurrent undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of chest wall
Authors: Wu Wenjie , Jiang Zeyong , Zhao Wuming , Zhao Jian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Chest wall soft tissue sarcomas are rare, with MFH being the common pathological type. Surgery is the main therapy, but the postoperative local recurrence rate is high. This case reports an elderly male patient who was diagnosed with recurrent chest wall MFH. After treatment with cryo-radiofrequency, the patient achieved long-term survival. From this case, for recurrent chest wall MFH, surgery is the main method, but multidisciplinary treatments such as cryoablation may have better benefits. It has a positive effect on the long-term survival of patients with chest wall-derived MFH, and provides a therapeutic reference for the treatment of recurrent MFH.
WITHDRAWN: A strategy of product standardization and general performance evaluation for Raman spectrometers
Authors: Huang Wei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Raman spectroscopy has attracted more and more attention because of its advantages in rapid and non-destructive detection, as well as characteristic identification of molecular "fingerprint". It is now widely used in various fields such as food safety, biomedicine, material characterization, environmental science and judicial expertise. With rapid development of Raman technology, there are a variety of Raman spectrometers with different designs, properties, and applications. However, it is hard to assess the performance of different Raman spectrometers because of the lack of standardized testing and evaluation methods, which will severely hinder their production, sales and applications. In this paper current application status and configuration of Raman spectrometers are firstly reviewed, illustrating the urgent need of standardization in application and industrialization of Raman spectrometers. Then a novel overall testing procedure and evaluation method were developed so as to be adapted to a variety of Raman spectrometers. Five key specifications of Raman spectrometers were determined for performance evaluation. The entire testing procedure is economical, accessible, and environmentally friendly as using reusable solid materials and element lamps, as referenced. The validation results clearly illustrated the feasibility and applicability of the developed procedures and evaluation. Presented testing procedures and evaluation methods of Raman spectrometers provide a feasible strategy for the standardization of Raman spectrometers. The results of this study would be beneficial to instrumentation and technical exchanges for the development of Raman technology, which would definitely improve the application of Raman spectroscopy as an excellent analytical method.
Tracking the object analysis movement in position data map in the Surveillance of Data object
Authors: Pradeep M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Analysis of object tracking in the movement of order position with an sequence object that coordinate the mapped function, in order to position the object sequence that arrange the values in the trained dataset. Order Value in the coordinate function map in the position order value made in the dataset to the arranging object, the value render the movement of one positional order into the sequence of other object position. Priority Order in the functional variable that range the order sequence movement that incurs the evolution position in the trained dataset, order in the value sequence that position the coordinate map with the trained dataset. Mapping order value in the position sequence that prioritize the value position of gyration with the order movement that position the value in the priority sequence in the movement from the order position. In the Existing System pre-trained order classifier that can be used to detect objects such as sapling, registration mark, phizog, crevice aperture In the Proposed method to attain the huge computational power ,in order to made in the evaluation of computationally feasible, it incurs the focus in the object movement tracking sequence in the surveillance order
Organization and evolution of the UK far-right network on Telegram
Authors: Bovet Alexandre , Grindrod Peter 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The instant messaging platform Telegram has become popular among the far-right movements in the US and UK in recent years. These group use public Telegram channels and group chats to disseminate hate speech, disinformation and conspiracy theories. Recent works revealed that the far-right Telegram network structure is decentralized and formed of several communities divided mostly along the ideological and national lines.Here, we investigated the UK far-right network on Telegram and are interested in understanding the different roles of different channels and their influence relations.We apply a community detection method, based on the clustering of a flow of random walkers, that allows us to uncover the organization of the Telegram network in communities with different roles. We find three types of communities: 1) upstream communities contain mostly group chats that comment on content from channels in the rest of the network;2) core communities contain broadcast channels tightly connected to each other and can be seen as forming echo-chambers; 3) downstream communities contain popular channels that are highly referenced by other channels.We find that the network is composed of two main sub-networks: one containing mainly channels related to the English speaking far-right movements and one with channels in Russian.We analyze the dynamics of the different communities and the most shared external links in the different types of communities over a period going from 2015 to 2020. We find that different types of communities have different dynamics and share links to different types of websites.We finish by discussing several directions for further work.
Identification of ocular refraction using a novel intelligent retinoscopy system
Authors: Zou Haohan , Shi Shenda , Yang Xiaoyan , Ma Jiaonan , Fan Qian , Chen Xuan , Wang Yibing , Zhang Mingdong , Song Jiaxin , Jiang Yanglin , Li Lihua , He Xin , Jhanji Vishal , Wang Shengjin , Song Meina , Wang yan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground:The evaluation of refraction is indispensable in ophthalmic clinics, generally requiring a refractor or retinoscopy under cycloplegia. Retinal fundus photographs (RFPs) supply a wealth of information related to the human eye and might provide a new approach that is more convenient and objective. Here, we aimed to develop and validate a fusion model-based intelligent retinoscopy system (FMIRS) to identify ocular refraction via RFPs and compare with the cycloplegic refraction. ​In this population-based comparative study, we retrospectively collected 11,973 RFPs from May 1, 2020 to November 20, 2021. The FMIRS was constructed, and the performance of the regression models of sphere and cylinder was evaluated. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and F1-score were used to evaluate the classification model of the cylinder axis.Results:Overall,11,973 images were included. For sphere and cylinder, the mean absolute error values between the FMIRS and cycloplegic refraction were 0.50 D and 0.31 D, representing an increase of 29.41% and 26.67%, respectively, when compared with those of the single models. The correlation coefficients (r) were 0.949 and 0.807, respectively. For axis analysis, the accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and area under the curve value of the classification model were 0.89, 0.941, 0.882, and 0.814, respectively, and the F1-score was 0.88.Conclusions:The FMIRS successfully identified ocular refraction accurately in sphere, cylinder, and axis, and it showed good agreement with the cycloplegic refraction. The RFPs can not only provide comprehensive fundus information but also the refraction state of the eye, emphasising their potential clinical value.
Von Recklinghausen's Disease: An actual view from Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Authors: Garibaldi-Bernot Mauro , De-Luna-Gallardo Daniel , García-Espinoza Jaime Aron , Arámbula-Sánchez Blanca Yadira , Erazo-Franco Mauricio Alejandro , Márquez-Espriella Cuahutemoc , Cuervo-Vergara Marco Antonio , Dávila-Díaz Rodrigo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Neurofribromatosis type 1 (NF1), also known as von Recklinghausen disease, is the most common type of neurogenetic disorder with a worldwide incidence of between 1 in 2,600 and 1 in 3,000. The approach and treatment of NF1 must be multidisciplinary because of the complexity of the disease. There is no specific treatment for NF1. Plastic surgeons are frequently involved in the surgical management of patients with head and neck involvement.Case presentation: A 42-year-old man patient presents with the diagnosis of NF1. A multidisciplinary approach was carried out. MRI ruled out CNS involvement. Due to the extension of the plexiform neurofibromas and the absence of donor areas for skin grafts, surgical resection of neurofibromas that compromised facial aesthetic subunits, as well as those in the larger joint and fold sites, was performed. The procedure was performed with two teams of plastic surgeons, performing an immediate reconstruction. The patient was discharged without complications.Discussion: NF1 is the most common variant and represents up to 97% of all diagnosed neurofibromatosis. Neurofibromas are benign tumors, and most of them begin to appear near puberty, and their location can affect any anatomical site. The craniofacial area and the neck are affected in more than 10% of all cases and are the most affected by plexiform neurofibromas. There is no effective treatment to prevent disease progression. Patients' priority from the point of view of plastic surgery is a functional and aesthetic correction, avoiding facial and body disfigurements. Today, there is no accepted gold standard surgical technique.Conclusion: The approach and treatment of these patients must be through a multidisciplinary group due to their high complexity. The plastic surgeon's treatment should focus on the restoration of function as a priority and restoration of aesthetics as a secondary goal. Careful and individualized pre-surgical planning must be done.
Effect of Storage Temperature on Postharvest Changes in Mushrooms1
Authors: Murr Dennis P. , Morris Leonard L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Mushrooms [Agaricus bisporus, (Lange) Sing.] stored at 10° and 20°C showed a sigmoid pattern of growth while at 0°C growth was retarded. The postharvest growth exhibited at 10° and 20°C could be related to a decrease in free a-amino N while at 0°C there was a significant increase in the level of free a-amino N during storage. Protease activity in the tissue increased at all 3 temperatures. It is suggested that postharvest maturation of mushrooms is supported by utilization of low molecular weight nitrogenous compounds formed through increased protein degradation. Mushrooms stored at 20°C toughened and matured faster than those stored at 10° or 0°C. Increases in discoloration during storage appeared to be correlated with decreases in total phenols and with increases in o-diphenol oxidase (o-DPO) activity. The relationship of these biochemical changes to postharvest maturation of mushrooms is discussed.
The Influence of Mineral Nutrition and Fungicides on Russeting of ‘Goldspur’ Apple Fruit1
Authors: Hatch Anthony H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Altering the elemental content of ‘Goldspur’/M.26 apple tree leaves and fruits affected fruit russet but did not reduce it to acceptable levels. Multiple regression analyses indicated that fruit size and elemental content variables accounted for 57.5% of the russeting variance. Fruit size had a greater negative correlation with fruit russeting than any element. Fruits collected from ‘Goldspur’/MM.106 apple trees growing beneath plastic canopies, and treated with different fungicides had a higher finish than those from trees outside the canopies. Dodine-treated fruits were more russeted than fruits receiving metiram or no fungicides.
Effect of Delays between Harvesting and Drying on Kernel Quality of Walnuts1
Authors: Martin George C. , Sibbett G. Steven , Ramos David E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
During 2 successive seasons, and several experiments, trees of Juglans regia cvs. Payne and Hartley were shaken and the walnuts were allowed to remain on the ground in sun or shade up to 72 hr before drying. Kernel temperature exceeded air temperature, sometimes by more than 10°C in those walnuts which were exposed to the sun, while those in the shade remained below air temperature. When the ambient air temperatures exceeded 35°C, extensive kernel quality loss occurred in shaded walnuts. At lower air temperature the market value of sun-exposed walnuts was decreased. Under high air temperature sun-exposed walnuts with hulls lost more market value than walnuts without hulls. Moisture content of the hull at time of exposure had no major effect on kernel quality. The greatest loss of kernel quality occurred when walnuts were exposed to midday sun.
The Effect of Mechanical Harvesting on Yield, Quality of Fruit and Bush Damage of Highbush Blueberry1
Authors: Mainland C. M. , Kushman L. J. , Ballinger W. E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
On 15 occasions, either Wolcott, Jersey, Morrow or Murphy cultivars of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) were harvested by commercial hand-pickers and over-the-row mechanical harvesters in eastern NC during 1970 and 1971. Compared with hand-harvesting, machine-harvesting reduced yield of marketable ripe fruit 19 to 44%. Compared with commercially hand-harvested fruit, machine-harvested fruit was 10 to 30% softer in compression tests; and when held for 7 days at 21°C, the fruit developed 11 to 41% more decay. Machine-harvested fruits sorted on a commercial cleaner were softened still more and developed 5 to 10% more decay than fruit mechanically harvested but not sorted.
Fifty times as many canes were damaged by mechanical harvesting as by hand-harvesting.
Interaction of Planting Date and Powdery Mildew on Pea Plant Performance1
Authors: Gritton E. T. , Ebert R. D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In weekly plantings of peas, Pisum sativum L., later plantings emerged faster and required less time to reach bloom and harvest stages than early plantings. Later plantings, however, required slightly more heat unit accumulation to reach the harvest stage jthan early plantings.
Powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe polygoni D.C.) was severe in later planted plots 1 year. Unprotected plots yielded only 44 to 71% as much as protected plots. From those planting dates where powdery mildew affected yields, fungicide-sprayed plots had lower tenderometer values at harvest than unsprayed plots.
Yields of an early cultivar showed no particular trend with planting date except for drastic reductions in unprotected late planted plots 1 year. Yields of the late cultivar tended to decrease with delayed planting, with especially sharp reductions in unprotected late planted plots 1 year.
Seismomorphogenic Regulation of Plant Growth1
Authors: Mitchell Cary A. , Severson Candace J. , Wott John A. , Hammer P. Allen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Growth of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill, and Pisum sativum L. was dwarfed by various forms of mechanical stimulation including shaking, flexing, and rubbing of the plant axis. The general effect of gently shaking a tomato plant once or twice daily was a reduction in node and leaf number, shortening of internodes, nodal swelling, epinasty of leaves, deep greening of new leaves, and increased lateral branch development. It is suggested that the term “seismomorphogenesis” appropriately describes mechanical stress effects on plant growth such as result from wind action.
Combinations of Specific Pesticides for Multiple Pest Control on Tomato1
Authors: Johnson A. W. , Glaze N. C. , Jaworski C. A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Combination treatments containing an organic phosphate or carbamate nematicide, a herbicide, and a fungicide on a common granule controlled root-knot nematodes and weeds and increased tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plant growth. Bay 681384 + diphenamid, ethoprop + diphenamid, Bay 68138 + pebulate + Dexon, fensulfothion + isopropalin + Dexon, Bay 68138 + isopropalin + Dexon, and ethoprop + isopropalin + Dexon completely controlled root-knot nematodes. Isopropalin and pebulate controlled FL pusley and crabgrass as effectively as diphenamid, the standard herbicide. Ethoprop + pebulate, fensulfothion + pebulate + Terrazole, ethoprop + pebulate + Dexon, and Bay 68138 + pebulate + Dexon were phytotoxic to tomato seedlings early in the growing season. Formulations containing a nematicide + herbicide + fungicide can be spread on the soil surface just before planting and incorporated with a power-driven rototiller to reduce unit production costs of tomato transplants. Production of uniform transplants free of nematodes and relatively free of weeds can facilitate mechanical harvesting.
Inheritance and Evaluation of Alcohol Insoluble Solids of Tomatoes as a Secondary Character in Selection for Juice Viscosity1
Authors: Janoria M. P. , Thompson A. E. , Rhodes A. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Segregation for alcohol insoluble solids (AIS) in F2 and first backcross generations from a cross with ‘VF109’ and ‘Campbell 146’ as high and low parents, indicated 2 gene-pairs controlling AIS. Broad-sense heritability estimate for AIS was 84%, of which 62% was due to additive and 22% due to non-additive gene action. AIS had high phenotypic correlation with viscosity. The genotypic correlation was also high (rG = 0.89). The relative selection efficiency (RSE) of indirect selection, using AIS as a secondary character, was estimated to be 114% of the direct selection. Thus AIS may be useful as a secondary character for indirect selection of increased juice viscosity of tomatoes.
Growth Regulator Activity and Parthenocarpic Fruit Production in Snake Melon and Cucumber Grown at High Temperature1
Authors: Matlob Adnan N. , Kelly William C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Snake melon (Cucumis melo var. flexuosus Naud.) set fruit in the greenhouse at 38/27°C (day/night), but Biet Alpha cucumber (C. sativus L.) failed to set fruit, although both set fruit at 27/21°C. Parachlorophenoxyacetic acid (4-CPA) induced parthenocarpic fruit in both species at 27/21°C, but few parthenocarpic fruit were produced at 38/27°C.
Lettuce hypocotyl bioassay showed little gibberellin-like activity in the pistils of either species at anthesis, but showed that inhibitors were present in cucumber pistils at 38/27°C. Auxin-like activity (wheat coleoptile bioassay) was abundant in the pistils of both species at anthesis at 27/21°C, but at 38/27°C inhibitors were present, and there was little auxin-like activity.
Effect of Magnesium Sources and Rates on Correction of Acute Mg Deficiency of Pecan1
Authors: Worley Ray E. , Carter R. L. , Johnson A. W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Magnesium sulfate applied as a soil amendment (34 kg Mg/ha annually for 3 years or a single application of 224 kg Mg/ha) increased leaf Mg 5 years after initial application. Dolomite increased soil pH and soil test Mg but not leaf Mg. Sulfate of potash magnesia and MgO increased soil test Mg and slightly, though insignificantly, increased leaf Mg. Single foliar sprays of MgSO4 and Mg(NO3)2 did not affect leaf Mg.
Effect of Time of Pruning or Nonpruning On Fruit Set and Yield of Peach Trees Growing on New or Old Peach Sites1
Authors: Daniell Jeff W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Pruning dates as treatments were imposed on 4- to 6-year old peach trees [Prunus persica (L) Batsch], growing on new and old peach sites. May and July pruning reduced the number of blooms in 1971 but had no effect in 1972. Fruit set and yield resulting from spring pruning or non pruning averaged higher by an order of 2 than from winter pruning in 1971, a year when cold injury to blossoms reduced average peach yields in the area 50 percent. Time of pruning had no effect on fruit set in 1972, a year with no cold injury to blossoms. Therefore, the yields per hectare in 1972 reflected mostly the tree mortality where trees were growing on old peach sites. Significant increases in yield were obtained from February, March, and May pruning over November and January pruning. In addition, June pruning increased yields when compared to November, December, and January pruning. These data also provide further evidence that cold injury is involved at some point in the peach-tree decline process. The relationship of these findings to peach-tree decline is discussed.
The Fate of 1,2-14C-(2-Chloroethyl)phosphonic Acid in Citrus1
Authors: Young Roger H. , Jahn Otto L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
14C-Ethylene was the major breakdown product of 1,214C-(2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon)-treated fruit and leaves of several Citrus taxons. Neither 14CO2 nor other by-products were detected. Most of the nonethylene radioactivity recovered was from tissue surfaces. Radioactivity was not readily translocated from leaves or fruit.
Paper Chromatographic Determination of Phenolic Compounds Occurring in the Leaf, Bark and Root of Prunus avium and P. mahaleb1
Authors: Yu Kenneth , Carlson R. F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Methanol extracts of fresh tissues of ‘Mazzard’ (Prunus avium L.) and ‘Mahaleb’ (P. mahaleb L.) were examined for phenolic composition. The 2 sweet cherry rootstocks differed in 3 phenolic groups; phenolic acids, coumarins, and flavonoids. ‘Mazzard’ contained 5 acids; p-coumaric, o-coumaric, caffeic, p-coumarylquinic and chlorogenic, whereas ‘Mahaleb’ contained mostly o-coumaric acid. ‘Mahaleb’ tissues were rich in coumarin and herniarin, but these were absent in ‘Mazzard’. Three flavonoids; dihydrowogonin, kaempferol and quercetin, were found in ‘Mazzard’. ‘Mahaleb’ contained only kaempferol. These differences in phenolic composition between the 2 rootstocks seemed related to graft-incompatibility.