bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic factors and autism among 16- to 30-month-old children: Evidence from a national survey of China
Authors: Cao Muqing , Li Li , Raat Hein , Van Grieken Amy , Wang Xin , Lin Lizi , Chen Qiang , Jing Jin 
Published: November 2022

We examined the association of socioeconomic status with the diagnosis of autism during 16–30 months of age. Using data from a national survey in China, we included 6049 children (55.6% male) in the final analysis, among which 71 of them were clinically diagnosed with autism. Adjusted for covariates, the odds ratios for having the diagnosis of autism (2.46, 95% confidence interval: [1.32, 4.59]) among children whose mother’s level is “junior middle school or below” were significantly higher than children whose mother’s level is “college or above.” Among children of lower educated mothers, there is a higher risk of being diagnosed with autism at a young age. We recommend more support for families with a low socioeconomic status to early detect, diagnose, and manage autism. Lay abstract Does being born in a family of high socioeconomic status mean a higher risk of being diagnosed with autism? The evidence from the Asian area is lacking. This research was conducted among 6049 toddlers who went through an evaluation–diagnose procedure of autism and whose parents were surveyed during the national survey of China, 2016–2017. Parents reported their education levels, occupations, family income, and ethnic background. We recruited the toddlers and parents from kindergartens, communities, and hospitals in five geographically representative areas of China. On average, these toddlers were 23 months of age. We found toddlers whose mothers had less than 9 years of education (junior middle school or below) had 2.46 times the chance to get a diagnosis of autism, compared with toddlers whose mothers had more than 15 years of education (college or above). We also found that 1.17 toddlers could be diagnosed with autism in each 100 Chinese toddlers. These findings have important implications for providing support to families that have low socioeconomic status, especially families with a mother who did not complete 9 years of education. Early detection programs focused on children from low socioeconomic backgrounds should be promoted.
Dupuytren contracture: using qualitative data to inform a conceptual framework for shared decision-making
Authors: Cichocki Meghan N. , Chung William T. , Kane Robert L. , Chung Kevin C. 
Published: November 2022

Multiple treatment options are available to patients with Dupuytren contracture, making shared decision-making complex. Our rigorous qualitative analysis sought to understand patient perceptions of shared decision-making in Dupuytren contracture treatment and create a conceptual framework to optimize patient-physician communication. We interviewed 30 patients with Dupuytren contracture to learn about their experience with treatment selection. The following themes were integral to shared decision-making for Dupuytren contracture treatment: discussing disease progression and treatment initiation, presenting all available treatment options, assessing patients’ pre-existing biases towards treatment, patient values and preferences for treatment trade-offs, treatment risks and benefits, physician recommendation and active patient participation. This model can optimize communication about treatment options and expectations for relevant outcomes including, recovery time, contracture recurrence, complications, and treatment-related expenses. Level of evidence: V
Real-world outcomes associated with switching to anti-TNFs versus other biologics in Crohn’s Disease patients: A retrospective analysis using German claims data
Authors: Zhuleku Evi , Antolin-Fontes Beatriz , Borsi Andras , Nissinen Riikka , Bravatà Ivana , Barthelmes Jennifer Norma , Le Bars Manuela , Lee Jennifer , Passey Alun , Maywald Ulf , Deiters Barthold , Bokemeyer Bernd , Wilke Thomas , Ghiani Marco 
Published: November 2022

Background: The positioning of new biologic agents for the treatment of Crohn’s disease (CD) following failure of initial anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy remains a challenge in the real world. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the real-world outcomes associated with the sequential use of biologics in CD patients that newly initiate anti-TNFs, specifically comparing those that switch to another anti-TNF versus biologics with other modes of action. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Methods: We identified CD patients who newly began anti-TNF therapy between 1 October 2014 and 31 December 2018 using two German claims databases. Patients were classified as within-class switchers (WCS) if they switched to another anti-TNF or outside-class switchers (OCS) if they switched to vedolizumab (VDZ) or ustekinumab (UST). To compare WCS and OCS, baseline covariates were adjusted through inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), and time-to-event analyses were performed using Cox Proportional Hazard regressions. Results from both databases were meta-analyzed using an inverse variance model. Results: Overall, 376 prevalent adult CD patients who initiated anti-TNFs and switched to another biologic were identified. After IPTW, there were 152 and 177 patients in the WCS and OCS group, respectively. WCS were more likely to receive prolonged corticosteroid therapy [hazard ratio (HR): 1.63, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17–2.27, p = 0.004], switch a second time to a different biologic (HR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.63–3.66, p < 0.001), and discontinue treatment (HR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.25–2.34, p = 0.001) than OCS. Conclusion: This study suggests that CD patients exhibit more favorable outcomes when switching outside the anti-TNF class to VDZ or UST after initial anti-TNF failure than switching to a second anti-TNF. With loss of response to anti-TNFs as a concern in the real world, comparative evidence from claims data assessing sequential use of biologics can help optimize treatment algorithms of patients after anti-TNF failure.
Catalyst characterization Ni-Sn nanoparticles supported in Al2O3and MgO: Acetophenone hydrogenation
Authors: León-Gutiérrez Yasna , Cárdenas-Triviño Galo 
Published: November 2022

Monometallic and bimetallic Ni and Sn catalysts were prepared in different ratios by the Solvated Metal Atom Dispersed (SMAD) method for the catalytic hydrogenation of acetophenone to 1-phenylethanol. The preparation of the catalysts was carried out by evaporation of Ni and Sn metal atoms and subsequent co-deposition at 77 K using 2- isopropanol as solvent on alumina and magnesium oxide as supports. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed a high percentage of nickel atoms in zero valence, while the tin phases were founded in reduced and oxidized form. The average size of the nanoparticles measured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) ranged from 8 to 15 nm while the metal dispersion on the surface measured by hydrogen chemisorption ranged from 0.07% for Ni1% Sn0.3%/MgO to 3.2% for Ni5%/MgO. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that γ-Al2O3catalysts exhibit higher thermal stability than MgO catalysts. The catalysis results showed that the best support is MgO reaching 66% conversion in Ni5% Sn0.5%/MgO catalyst.
Large Felid and Peccary Habitat Use in Isolated and Contiguous Forest in Panamá: Implications for Conservation
Authors: Fort Jessica L. , Suriyamongkol Thanchira , Nielsen Clayton K. , Carver Andrew D. , Moreno Ricardo , Meyer Ninon F. V. , Groninger John W. 
Published: November 2022

Background and Research Aims Wildlife research in Panamá has focused primarily on protected areas along the Central Cordillera, where much of the remaining mature rainforest habitat is located. Information on large felid and prey habitat use in isolated habitats in Panamá is therefore limited. Here, we estimated occupancy and detection probabilities, as affected by habitat and anthropogenic influences, for 2 felid species (jaguars [ Panthera onca] and pumas [ Puma concolor]), and 2 prey species (white-lipped peccaries [ Tayassu pecari] and collared peccaries [ Pecari tajacu]). Methods Camera trap surveys were conducted during 2014–2015 at Cerro Hoya National Park (CHNP), an isolated remnant of tropical rainforest habitat, and Darién National Park (DNP), a large tract of continuous rainforest habitat. We used single-season, single-species occupancy modeling to estimate probabilities of detection and habitat use of our focal species. Results Three of the 4 focal species were detected at both sites, excluding white-lipped peccary at CHNP. Detection of jaguars and white-lipped peccaries at DNP was highest in February, while detection of collared peccaries at DNP and pumas at CHNP was highest in May and April, respectively. Peccary habitat use was uniform across sites and unaffected by habitat covariates. Both felids preferred habitat further away from anthropogenic disturbance, and jaguars preferred habitat at higher elevations than pumas. Conclusion We further confirm the presence of jaguars and likely local extirpation of white-lipped peccaries in CHNP. Temporal variations influenced detections of focal species. Habitat use of felids was negatively affected by anthropogenic disturbance and elevation. Implications for Conservation Habitat fragmentation and human activities negatively influenced habitat use of felids at both study areas. Given that CHNP serves as one of the last remnants of forest habitat outside the Central Cordillera, we recommend that CHNP be considered a top priority area for wildlife conservation in Panamá.
Decellularized Nucleus Pulposus Matrix/Chitosan Hybrid Hydrogels for Nucleus Pulposus Tissue Engineering
Authors: Zhang Yu , Li Yifeng , Liu Chen , Shang Xifu 
Published: November 2022

Study Design Basic research Objective To prepared 3 DNPM/chitosan hybrid hydrogels and chose the best DNPM/chitosan hybrid hydrogel for NP tissue engineering. Methods Three DNPM/chitosan hybrid hydrogels were fabricated by changing the ratio of the decellularized NP matrix to chitosan and crosslinking with genipin. NP stem cells (NPSCs) were cultured on the hybrid hydrogels and their proliferation, morphology, and gene expression were evaluated. Finally, an in vivo experiment was performed to evaluate the immune response to the hydrogels. Results The adhered NPSCs proliferated well on the hybrid hydrogel. The gene expression of NP-related collagen type II, aggrecan, and Sox-9 from NPSCs cultured on DNPM/chitosan hybrid hydrogel-1 was greater than from cells cultured on DNPM/chitosan hybrid hydrogel-2 and DNPM/chitosan hybrid hydrogel-3. Few inflammatory cells were observed during the in vivo experiment with DNPM/chitosan hybrid hydrogel-1. Conclusions DNPM/chitosan hybrid hydrogel-1 is a potential candidate scaffold for NP tissue engineering.
Mobile Robot Combination Autonomous Behavior Strategy to Inspect Hazardous Gases in Relatively Narrow Man–Machine Environment
Authors: Gao Xueshan , Zhang Qingfang , Li Mingkang , Lan Bingqing , Fu Xiaolong , Li Jingye 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSelecting the optimal speed for dynamic obstacle avoidance in complex man–machine environments is a challenging problem for mobile robots inspecting hazardous gases. Consideration of personal space is important, especially in a relatively narrow man–machine dynamic environments such as warehouses and laboratories. In this study, human and robot behaviors in man–machine environments are analyzed, and a man–machine social force model is established to study the robot obstacle avoidance speed. Four typical man–machine behavior patterns are investigated to design the robot behavior strategy. Based on the social force model and man–machine behavior patterns, the fuzzy-PID trajectory tracking control method and the autonomous obstacle avoidance behavior strategy of the mobile robot in inspecting hazardous gases in a relatively narrow man–machine dynamic environment are proposed to determine the optimal robot speed for obstacle avoidance. The simulation analysis results show that compared with the traditional PID control method, the proposed controller has a position error of less than 0.098 m, an angle error of less than 0.088 rad, a smaller steady-state error, and a shorter convergence time. The crossing and encountering pattern experiment results show that the proposed behavior strategy ensures that the robot maintains a safe distance from humans while performing trajectory tracking. This research proposes a combination autonomous behavior strategy for mobile robots inspecting hazardous gases, ensuring that the robot maintains the optimal speed to achieve dynamic obstacle avoidance, reducing human anxiety and increasing comfort in a relatively narrow man–machine environment.
A lightweight classification of adaptor proteins using transformer networks
Authors: Rahardja Sylwan , Wang Mou , Nguyen Binh P. , Fränti Pasi , Rahardja Susanto 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Adaptor proteins play a key role in intercellular signal transduction, and dysfunctional adaptor proteins result in diseases. Understanding its structure is the first step to tackling the associated conditions, spurring ongoing interest in research into adaptor proteins with bioinformatics and computational biology. Our study aims to introduce a small, new, and superior model for protein classification, pushing the boundaries with new machine learning algorithms.

Results
We propose a novel transformer based model which includes convolutional block and fully connected layer. We input protein sequences from a database, extract PSSM features, then process it via our deep learning model. The proposed model is efficient and highly compact, achieving state-of-the-art performance in terms of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, Matthew’s Correlation Coefficient and Receiver Operating Characteristics curve. Despite merely 20 hidden nodes translating to approximately 1% of the complexity of previous best known methods, the proposed model is still superior in results and computational efficiency.

Conclusions
The proposed model is the first transformer model used for recognizing adaptor protein, and outperforms all existing methods, having PSSM profiles as inputs that comprises convolutional blocks, transformer and fully connected layers for the use of classifying adaptor proteins.
Draft genome of six Cuban Anolis lizards and insights into genetic changes during their diversification
Authors: Kanamori Shunsuke , Díaz Luis M. , Cádiz Antonio , Yamaguchi Katsushi , Shigenobu Shuji , Kawata Masakado 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Detecting genomic variants and their accumulation processes during species diversification and adaptive radiation is important for understanding the molecular and genetic basis of evolution. Anolis lizards in the West Indies are good models for studying evolutionary mechanisms because of the repeated evolution of their morphology and the ecology. We performed de novo genome assembly of six Cuban Anolis lizards with different ecomorphs and thermal habitats (Anolis isolepis, Anolis allisoni, Anolis porcatus, Anolis allogus, Anolis homolechis, and Anolis sagrei). We carried out a comparative analysis of these genome assemblies to investigate the genetic changes that occurred during their diversification.

Results
We reconstructed novel draft genomes with relatively long scaffolds and high gene completeness, with the scaffold N50 ranging from 5.56 to 39.79 Mb and vertebrate Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs completeness ranging from 77.5% to 86.9%. Comparing the repeat element compositions and landscapes revealed differences in the accumulation process between Cuban trunk-crown and trunk-ground species and separate expansions of several families of LINE in each Cuban trunk-ground species. Duplicated gene analysis suggested that the proportional differences in duplicated gene numbers among Cuban Anolis lizards may be associated with differences in their habitat ranges. Additionally, Pairwise Sequentially Markovian Coalescent analysis suggested that the effective population sizes of each species may have been affected by Cuba’s geohistory.

Conclusions
We provide draft genomes of six Cuban Anolis lizards and detected species and lineage-specific transposon accumulation and gene copy number changes that may be involved in adaptive evolution. The change processes in the past effective population size was also estimated, and the factors involved were inferred. These results provide new insights into the genetic basis of Anolis lizard diversification and are expected to serve as a stepping stone for the further elucidation of their diversification mechanisms.
Serum angiopoietin-1 concentration does not distinguish patients with ischaemic stroke from those presenting to hospital with ischaemic stroke mimics
Authors: Moxon Joseph V. , Kraeuter Ann-Katrin , Phie James , Juliano Sheryl , Anderson Georgina , Standley Glenys , Sealey Cindy , White Richard P. , Golledge Jonathan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundA previous study found that circulating angiopoietin-1 (angpt-1) concentrations were significantly lower in patients who had a recent ischaemic stroke compared to healthy controls. The primary aim of this study was to assess whether serum angpt-1 could be used as a diagnostic test of ischemic stroke in patients presenting to hospital as an emergency. Exploratory analyses investigated the association of proteins functionally related to angpt-1 (angpt-2, Tie-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9 and vascular endothelial growth factors A, C and D) with ischaemic stroke diagnosis.MethodsPatients presenting to Townsville University Hospital for emergency assessment of stroke-like symptoms were consecutively recruited and provided a blood sample. After assessment by a consultant neurologist, patients were grouped into those who did, or did not have ischaemic stroke. The potential for serum angpt-1 to diagnose ischaemic stroke was assessed using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. Cross-sectional analyses appraised inter-group differences in the serum concentration of other proteins.ResultsOne-hundred and twenty-six patients presenting to Townsville University Hospital for emergency assessment of stroke-like symptoms were recruited (median time from symptom onset to hospital presentation: 2.6 (inter-quartile range: 1.2–4.6) hours). Serum angpt-1 had poor ability to diagnose ischaemic stroke in analyses using the whole cohort, or in sensitivity analyses (area under the ROC curve 0.51 (95% CI: 0.41–0.62) and 0.52 (95% CI: 0.39–0.64), respectively). No associations of serum angpt-1 concentration with ischaemic stroke severity, symptom duration or aetiology were observed. Serum concentrations of the other assessed proteins did not differ between patient groups.ConclusionsSerum angpt-1 concentration is unlikely to be useful for emergency diagnosis of ischaemic stroke.
Utility of diffusion weighted imaging-based radiomics nomogram to predict pelvic lymph nodes metastasis in prostate cancer
Authors: Liu Xiang , Tian Jingyi , Wu Jingyun , Zhang Yaofeng , Wang Xiangpeng , Zhang Xiaodong , Wang Xiaoying 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Preoperative pelvic lymph node metastasis (PLNM) prediction can help clinicians determine whether to perform pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND). The purpose of this research is to explore the feasibility of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-based radiomics for preoperative PLNM prediction in PCa patients at the nodal level.

Methods
The preoperative MR images of 1116 pathologically confirmed lymph nodes (LNs) from 84 PCa patients were enrolled. The subjects were divided into a primary cohort (67 patients with 192 positive and 716 negative LNs) and a held-out cohort (17 patients with 43 positive and 165 negative LNs) at a 4:1 ratio. Two preoperative pelvic lymph node metastasis (PLNM) prediction models were constructed based on automatic LN segmentation with quantitative radiological LN features alone (Model 1) and combining radiological and radiomics features (Model 2) via multiple logistic regression. The visual assessments of junior (Model 3) and senior (Model 4) radiologists were compared.

Results
No significant difference was found between the area under the curve (AUCs) of Models 1 and 2 (0.89 vs. 0.90; P = 0.573) in the held-out cohort. Model 2 showed the highest AUC (0.83, 95% CI 0.76, 0.89) for PLNM prediction in the LN subgroup with a short diameter ≤ 10 mm compared with Model 1 (0.78, 95% CI 0.70, 0.84), Model 3 (0.66, 95% CI 0.52, 0.77), and Model 4 (0.74, 95% CI 0.66, 0.88). The nomograms of Models 1 and 2 yielded C-index values of 0.804 and 0.910, respectively, in the held-out cohort. The C-index of the nomogram analysis (0.91) and decision curve analysis (DCA) curves confirmed the clinical usefulness and benefit of Model 2.

Conclusions
A DWI-based radiomics nomogram incorporating the LN radiomics signature with quantitative radiological features is promising for PLNM prediction in PCa patients, particularly for normal-sized LNM.
Barriers to physical activity in pregnant women living in Iran and its predictors: a cross sectional study
Authors: Dolatabadi Zari , Amiri-Farahani Leila , Ahmadi Katayon , Pezaro Sally 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background and aims
Despite the benefits of physical activity (PA) on maternal and fetal health, the level of PA is low among pregnant women globally. The aim of this study was to determine the barriers to PA and its predictors in Iranian pregnant women specifically.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 300 pregnant women referred to the Ilam health centers of Iran. The sampling strategy used stratified random proportional allocation sampling from both comprehensive health centers and health bases. Data were collected from September to December 2018 in relation to individual characteristics. Data collection tools used included the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Barriers to Physical Activity during Pregnancy Scale. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and statistical tests of analysis including variance, independent t-test and multiple linear regression were used.

Results
The mean and SD of the total score of PA barriers was 88.55 and 19.28, respectively. The highest and lowest mean scores of the subscale of PA barriers were related to interpersonal and environmental barriers, respectively. Among the intrapersonal barriers related to pregnancy; fear of pregnancy complications, drowsiness, and nausea and vomiting, heaviness or swelling barriers scored higher than other barriers. Lack of regular schedule, insufficient time, and lack of motivation received the highest score in terms of intrapersonal barriers non-related to pregnancy. In the interpersonal subscale; lack of knowledge about how to be physically active during pregnancy, forbiddance of PA by friends and family, as well as lack of advice from physicians and midwives scored higher than other barriers. Lack of adequate facilities and air pollution were identified as barriers to PA in the environmental subscale. PA barriers were significantly associated with pre-pregnancy or early pregnancy body mass index (B = − 14.643), level of education (B = 17.215), and habitual exercise pre-pregnancy (B = − 7.15).

Conclusion
Interpersonal barriers were reported to be the most common barriers to PA during pregnancy. Perinatal care providers should encourage, educate and reassure pregnant women, their spouses and their families about the benefits, type and frequency of safe PA in pregnancy. PA interventions focused on women with lower levels of education and income in particular are required.