bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light-Sheet Laser Speckle Imaging
Authors: Long Kai , Ram Keertana , Shen Shuhao , Du E , Ren Ziheng , Gong Zhiyuan , Chen Nanguang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Laser speckle imaging (LSI) as a label-free flow mapping technique has numerous potential clinical applications and plays an increasingly important role in translational medicine. Conventional LSI, however, is limited to qualitative flow change assessment and two-dimensional topographic imaging. Here we report a light-sheet laser speckle imaging (LSH-LSI) platform. This new technique takes advantage of the optical sectioning capability inherent in selected plane illumination to achieve tomographic imaging of vascular structures and blood flow velocity with high spatiotemporal resolution. We conducted on this novel platform zebrafish imaging experiments to reveal complicated laser speckle dynamic characteristics, for which revised theoretical models were necessary for quantitatively retrieving the flow velocity. Furthermore, LSH-LSI could generate vector velocity maps based on additional processing of scalar laser speckle velocimetry results acquired at high frame rates.
Diversity enables the jump towards cooperation for the Traveler’s Dilemma
Authors: Ramirez Maria Alejandra , Smerlak Matteo , Traulsen Arne , Jost Juergen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Social dilemmas are situations in which collective welfare is at odds with individual gain. One widely studied example, due to the conflict it poses between human behaviour and game theoretic reasoning, is the Traveler’s Dilemma. The dilemma relies on the players’ incentive to undercut their opponent at the expense of losing a collective high payoff. Such individual incentive leads players to a systematic mutual undercutting until the lowest possible payoff is reached, which is the game’s unique Nash equilibrium. However, if players were satisfied with a high payoff -that is not necessarily higher than their opponent’s- they would both be better off individually and collectively. Here, we explain how it is possible to converge to this cooperative high payoff equilibrium. Our analysis focuses on decomposing the dilemma into a local and a global game. We show that players need to escape the local maximisation and jump to the global game, in order to reach the cooperative equilibrium. Using a dynamic approach, based on evolutionary game theory and learning theory models, we find that diversity, understood as the presence of suboptimal strategies, is the general mechanism that enables the jump towards cooperation.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Complicated with Autoimmune disorders: Experience from a Single Tertiary Center
Authors: Xu Hao-jie , Wang Lu , Meng Xia , Li Rong-li , Fei Yun-yun , Yang Hua-xia , Zhou Jiaxin , Zhao Li-dan , Zhang Feng-chun , Zhang Xuan , Tang Fu-lin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID) patients complicated with autoimmune disorders (AD).
Methods
Patients with PID who had been admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) from April 1999 to July 2021 were all retrospectively reviewed. We further analyzed the clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) patients complicated with AD (CVID-AD), and further compared them with CVID patients without AD (CVID-nAD).
Results
A total of 241 PID patients were identified with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) accounting for the majority (99, 41.1%). AD was observed in 31.1% (n = 75) of all PID patients. Among 99 CVID patients, 25 (25.3%) were complicated with AD (CVID-AD), while 74 (74.7%) without AD (CVID-nAD). The Comparison between these two groups indicated that bronchiectasis, skin infection, splenomegaly and lymphadenectasis were more common in CVID-AD group than in CVID-nAD group (all p < 0.05). Intravenous immunoglobulin was adopted in 80.0% of CVID-AD patients and 74.3% CVID-nAD patients. Glucocorticoids and immunosuppressant were prescribed to 28.0% and 12.0% CVID-AD patients, respectively. The survival of the CVID-AD group was slightly poorer than that of the CVID-nAD group with the median estimated survival time being 42 months for CVID-AD group and 70 months for CVID-nAD group.
Conclusion
AD is a common complication in PID patients and can have various manifestations. CVID-AD patients had a slightly poorer prognosis than CVID-nAD patients but with no significant statistical difference.
Adsorption of ammonia on ZrO x modified graphene nanoribbon: a first-principles investigation
Authors: Ayesh Ahmad I. , Al-Muraikhi Maitha D. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) is a main environmental pollutant related to global warming, and reduction of its emission is the subject of multiple international agreements and regulations. Accordingly, the development of highly precise detectors to monitor its content in the environment is essential to track and limit its emission. This work examines the influence of modifying of armchair-graphene nanoribbon (AGNR) by zirconium (Zr) and its oxides on its adsorption for NH3 gas. Density functional theory (DFT) computations are utilized to investigate the band structure, adsorption energy (𝐸𝑑), adsorption length (𝐷), charge transferred (Δ𝑄), and density of states (DOS) of pristine and modified structures with ZrOx (𝑥=0,1,𝑜𝑟 2). ZrOx is presented to AGNR nanostructure by two pathways: substitution of carbon atoms (doping), and introduction on top of the AGNR surface (decoration). The findings of the investigation illustrate great improvement of NH3 adsorption on AGNR due to its modification. Although the adsorption energy is enhanced in general upon modification, AGNR structures where ZrOx substitute carbon atoms exhibit greater adsorption energy as compared with the decoration scheme. The maximum energy of adsorption is for the AGNR structure doped with ZrO2, followed by that doped with Zr. As compared to the pristine structure, the adsorption energy for NH3 on AGNR doped with ZrO2 increases 22.2 times. Therefore, AGNR nanostructure doped with ZrOx can be considered for practical sensors for the applications of detection and control of ammonia emission.
In vitro and In Silico Screening of Antibacterial Compounds from Camellia sinensis Against Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli
Authors: Boudou Farouk , BELAKREDAR Amal 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the present study, phytochemical profiling of Camellia sinensis methanolic extract was carried out using liquid chromatography (LC-UV) analysis. Then the antibacterial potential of this extract was evaluated in vitro against Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 using the conventional agar well diffusion method. While the compounds identified by LC-UV were tested for their potential DNA-gyrase inhibitory and drug-likeness properties using computer-aided methods. LC-UV analysis revealed the presence of four major compounds namely: Caffeic acid, (-)-Epicatechin, Syringic acid, and (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate. The extract showed powerful antibacterial activity at the concentration of 5000 µg/ml with an inhibitory zone of 25.38 ± 2.75 mm, and 22.78 ± 1.22 mm against B. cereus ATCC 11778, and E. coli ATCC 25922 respectively. (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate exhibited the best docking score (-8.1 kcal mol-1) outperforming the other phenolic compounds but also Clorobiocin and Novobiocin. According to their molecular parameters, all tested compounds revealed an important drug-likeness property by obeying Lipinski's rule of five and the Ghose filter. This analysis revealed that C. Sinensis has strong antibacterial activity due to its high phenolic component content, and it may be considered a promising option for natural plant sources of antibacterial drugs with high value.
The importance of international normalized ratio monitoring in patients with mechanical pulmonary valve prosthesis
Authors: Shojaeifard Maryam , Arbabi Mahta , Ghaffarinejad Zahra , Abadi Hossein Dehghani Mohammad , Erami Sajad , Dehghani Yeganeh , Esmaeili Anahita 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The most challenging risk of mechanical valves is thromboembolic events; therefore, life-long anticoagulation therapy is necessary. Anticoagulation therapy should be adjusted for each patient with serial INR monitoring.
Due to the small number of patients with a mechanical valve in the pulmonary position, we are facing a lack of information about the therapeutic range of the INR in these patients so we aimed to specify the INR range which valve malfunction happened and suggest practitioners keep INR above that level.
Methods
In this retrospective study, 71 patients who had previously undergone pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) and presented to ShahidRajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research center with a diagnosis of pulmonary valve malfunction between 2014 and 2021were included. Patients' INR and echocardiographic data at the time of the malfunction as well as three months before the malfunction diagnosis were gathered from the hospital's registry.
All data were analyzed using SPSS and Excel software.
Results
In this cross-sectional study, 71 patients with mechanical pulmonary valve malfunction were included. 49.3% were male, 50.7% were female, and the mean age of total patients was 33.23 (±8.279). Fifty-one patients had St.Jude Medical valve, 13 patients had CarboMedics valve, and seven patients had On-X valve. The mean INR of all patients three months before malfunction and at the time of malfunction was 2.29 (±0.753)and 2.20 (±0.704), respectively.
Conclusions
In this study, most of our patients had INR below the therapeutic range, both at the time of malfunction (81%) and three months prior to it (80%). These results mainly show patients' poor adherence to anticoagulant therapy. Preventive measures should be taken as soon as possible to decrease the possibility of clot formation and valve malfunction.
Can multi-elemental stoichiometry in the leaf-root-rhizosphere continuum explain woody and herbaceous species’ coexistence in subtropical plantations?
Authors: Yuan Ye , Wang Huimin , Dai Xiaoqin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background and aims

The multi-elemental stoichiometry of plants provides important information for understanding species coexistence in ecosystems. However, whether or not the multi-elemental stoichiometry of the leaf-root-rhizosphere continuum can better explain the coexistence of woody and herbaceous species within a forest, and what are the linkages among leaf, root and rhizosphere stoichiometries are unclear.

Methods

In this study, we investigated the concentrations of 12 elements (C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Na, and Sr) and their ratios (C:N, N:P, K:P, K:Ca, P:Ca, K:Mg, Ca:Mg, C:Mg, Fe:Mn, Ca:Sr, Fe:Zn, Cu:Zn, K:Na, and Ca:Na) in leaves, roots and rhizospheres of six woody species and three herbaceous species coexisting in three subtropical plantations.

Results

The multi-elemental stoichiometry ratios of leaves and roots but not those of rhizospheres varied between coexisting woody and herbaceous species. Woody species had stronger absorption capacity for elements that were most deficient (Ca and P) in the subtropical soil. Most elemental ratios of leaves were closely associated with those of the roots, but only the foliar C:N, N:P, and K:P ratios were associated with those of the rhizospheres, and the Fe:Mn ratio of roots was intimately connected with that of the rhizospheres, highlighting divergent environmental constraints of different elements.

Conclusions

There is biogeochemical niche separation between woody and herbaceous species at a plant organ scale. Plant multi-elemental stoichiometries were constrained by plant nutrient absorption capacity and soil nutrient supply, which offer new insights into a better understanding of species coexistence in ecosystems.
Dual attention recommendation algorithm based on item attributes
Authors: Jia Zhaohong , Zhang Hu , Gao Wei , Qian Fulan , Chen Hai , Li Chunchun , Li Kai 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Massive information often make users lose their focuses so that desired targets are missed. Recommendation system can efficiently provide interesting information for users in the case of "information overload". Most existing recommendation algorithms either only consider the user's overall evaluation on items, or only consider the overall attributes of items. However, the impact of individual attributes of users are often ignored. Hence, this paper proposes a Dual most Relevant Attention recommendation model based on item Attributes (DRAA), comprehensively considering user-item evaluations, individual item attributes and their mutual influence. Firstly, each user's overall preferences for items are built from user-item history interactions. Then, the local self-attention network is used to mine more fine-grained user preferences for individual attributes of items. Finally, a global attention network is applied to distinguish the degrees of importance between the two types of preferences. Extensive experiments on two public data sets demonstrate that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art deep models in terms of prediction accuracy and addressing the problems of cold start and data sparsity.
Stacked-CNN-BiLSTM-COVID: An Effective Stacked Ensemble Deep Learning Framework for Sentiment Analysis of Arabic COVID-19 Tweets
Authors: Abdelhady Naglaa , Soliman Taysir Hassan A. , Farghally Mohammed F. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Social networks are popular for advertising, idea sharing, and opinion formation. Due to COVID-19, coronavirus information disseminated on social media affects people's lives directly. Individuals sometimes managed it well, but it often hampered daily activities. As a result, analyzing people's feelings is important. Sentiment analysis identifies opinions or sentiments from text. In this paper, we present an effective model that leverages the benefits of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) to categorize Arabic tweets using a stacked ensemble learning model. First, the tweets are represented as vectors using a word embedding model, then the text feature is extracted by CNN, and finally the context information of the text is acquired by BiLSTM. Aravec, FastText, and ArWordVec are employed separately to assess the impact of the word embedding on the our model. We also compare the proposed method to various deep learning models: CNN, LSTM, and BiLSTM. Experiments are performed on three different Arabic datasets related to COVID-19 and vaccines. Empirical findings show that the proposed model outperformed the other models' results by achieving F-measures of 76.76\%, 87.\%, and 80.5\% on the SenWave, AraCOVID19-SSD, and ArCovidVac datasets, respectively.
The influence of retardation of particle distributions in time on the kinetics of collisional relaxation of a magnetized plasma
Authors: EROFEEV Vasily I. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
For a magnetized plasma, a reduction of the two-time formalism [V.~I.Erofeev, Journal of Plasma Physics 85, 905850104 (2019);V.~I. Erofeev, Contributions to Plasma Physics 62, e202100140 (2022)] to a highly informative scenario of redistribution of charged particles in momentum due to Coulomb collisions is reported. The consideration focuses on the standard case of an ideal classical ionized homogeneous plasma. It is found that the leading-order approximation of the scenario is consistent with the well-known generalizations of the Lenard--Balescu equation [A. Lenard, Ann. Phys. 10, 390--400 (1960); R. Balescu, Phys. Fluids 3, 52--63 (1960)] that take into account the leading magnetic field effect [N. Rostoker, Phys Fluids 3, 922-927 (1960); M.H.A. Hassan, C.J.H. Watson, Plasma Phys. 19, 237--247 (1977)]. A correction to the collision integral of this equation is developed that is due to time variations of plasma parameters.
Mirna-383-5p functions as an anti-oncogene in glioma through the Akt/mTOR signal pathway by targeting VEGFA
Authors: Liu Yan , Wang Zhen , Tang Zhi , Fu Yao , Wang Lei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Previously, we screened a series of differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNA in glioma though bioinformatics analyses which included miRNA-383-5p and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA). This work aims to investigate the effects of miRNA-383-5p on the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of glioma cells, and the regulatory mechanism of miRNA-383-5p on the VEGFA/protein kinase B(Akt)/mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR) pathway.
Methods
Cells of U87 and U251 were collected. The expression of miRNA-383-5p was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Akt, mTOR VEGFA and its receptor VEGFR protein expression levels in glioma cells were detected with western blotting. The relationship between miRNA-383-5p and VEGFA was verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. CCK-8, Transwell and flow cytometry assays were used to detect cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis, respectively.
Results
Our results indicated that overexpression of miRNA-383-5p inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted apoptosis in glioma cell lines. VEGFA was identified as a target of miRNA-383-5p, and overexpression of miRNA-383-5p significantly suppressed the levels of VEGFA and Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Overexpression of VEGFA can reverse the inhibitory effect of miRNA-383-5p and reactivate the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
Conclution
Our results suggest that miRNA-383-5p inhibits the proliferation and migration of glioma cells by regulating the VEGFA/akt/mTOR pathway.
Infection with a male-killing Spiroplasma bacterium might drive morphological changes in female reproductive organs in a butterfly
Authors: Malmberg Jenny , Martin Simon H. , Gordon Ian J. , Sihvonen Pasi , Duplouy Anne 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Sexual selection, and conflicts between sex or within sex, can induce morphological variations within species. This may challenge the identification and characterization of diagnostic morphological characters from reproductive organs that are of utmost importance for the morphology-based classification of faunal diversity, particularly on species level. In Lepidoptera, and in some other insects, females have evolved reproductive organs that can accommodate and/or digest nuptial gifts, or so called spermatophores, transferred from the males during copulation. The properties of the spermatophores principally depend on the male’s condition, which is defined by resources acquired and depleted across life stages. In these conditions, the size and/or shape of the female reproductive organs are likely to differ visually between females of different mating status, and with their mates’ condition. The widespread African monarch, Danaus chrysippus, can host an endosymbiotic bacterium, Spiroplasma that induces son-killing in this species. When prevalent, such symbionts distort their host population sex-ratio, which can increase the reproduction load on the few uninfected males, lead to a local excess of unmated females, and resource-depletion in males. Here, we characterized variation in the female genitalia across populations with different levels of Spiroplasma infection. First, virgin females have smaller organs, while mated females show expanded organs; and further, females from highly female-biased and male-killing Spiroplasma infected populations have a larger area of their corpus bursae covered with signa structures. These observations potentially suggest that females from populations that are male depleted may have evolved an efficient mechanical way to optimize the digestion of small nutritious spermatophores.
Load sharing assessment of osseoligamentous structures within a thoracic spine segment during surgical release
Authors: Polanco Michael , Bennett James , Tapp Austin , Audette Michel , Ringleb Stacie , Bawab Sebastian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Spinal surgical procedures often require release of intervertebral discs and ligaments to optimally achieve postural correction on a patient-specific basis. In this paper, a T7-T8 Finite Element (FE) model is utilized to examine internal load sharing during resection steps performed in a Ponte osteotomy. The FE model was rotated bidirectionally along three anatomical planes using an externally applied moment. In each step, the Ranges of Motion (RoM), Instantaneous Centers of Rotation (ICR), and forces from ligaments, discs, facet, and costovertebral joints were calculated. The product of each component’s force and the distance between the ICR and their position were used to calculate percent load sharing at the maximum moment magnitude. Removal of the facet joints accounts for overall significant increases in load sharing to the intervertebral disc, with maximum values reported in extension by approximately 18 percent and axial rotation by 16 percent. This study highlights key spine components whose kinematic influence may be considered to achieve desired surgical outcomes.
Methods to account for heterogenous genetic variance in the analysis of stability of genotype performance across an environmental covariable
Authors: Waters Dominic Luke , Werf Julius H. van der , Robinson Hannah , Hickey Lee T. , Clark Sam A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Stability to environmental variation in traits such as yield and grain quality is becoming increasingly important with climate change. The slope of regression in a reaction norm model, where the performance of a genotype is regressed over an environmental covariable, is often used as a measure of stability. This approach fails to account for the potential bias introduced by heterogeneity in the scale of genetic variance across environments, which is a form of genotype by environment interaction (G×E) known as scale-type G×E. These reaction norms are also limited to a linear function, which could be too restrictive for describing the interaction between genotypes and the environment. The aim of this paper was to demonstrate two methods which attempt to address these shortcomings in reaction norms and apply them to a multi-environment trial in Barley (Hordeum vulgare) that contains a large amount of scale-type G×E. Stability estimated from factor analytic models, which explicitly disentangle scale-type G×E, were used for comparison. The two methods substantially increased the correlation with stability measures estimated from the factor-analytic models, indicating that they removed variation in stability that originated from scale-type G×E. After accounting for scale-type GxE, breeding values for overall performance and stability were highly correlated between the linear reaction norms and factor analytic models. Analyses which use reaction norms to rank genotypes on stability should consider implementing the scale-corrections outlined in this study.