bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic rectal resections without epidural catheters - does it work?
Authors: El-Ahmar Mohamad , Koch Franziska , Köhler Anja , Moikow Lutz , Ristig Matthias , Ritz Jörg-Peter 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Placement of an epidural catheter (EC) in colorectal resections is still recommended as a valid measure to achieve a low level of pain. However, EC is associated with increased invasiveness, and with an increased risk of bladder emptying disorders and a decrease of blood pressure, which all relate to delayed mobilization. Preliminary data show that EC placement may not be necessary in laparoscopic colon resections. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate how omission of EC placement influences short-term postoperative outcomes in laparoscopic rectal resections.Methods: All laparoscopic rectal resections occurring between 2013-2020 were prospectively examined. Resections from 01/2013-02/2018 (group A) were compared with resections from 03/2018-12/2020 (group B; after internal change of the perioperative pain regime). In addition to EC placement, the other target parameters of our study were urinary catheter placement during the inpatient stay, postoperative pain >3 days on a numerical rating scale (NRS), mobilization in the first 5 postoperative days, time until the first postoperative bowel movement, postoperative complications according to Clavien-Dindo, Intermediate care unit stay (IMC stay) in days and hospital length of stay in days.Results: In the entire study period, 221 laparoscopic rectal resections were performed: 122 in group A, and 99 resections in group B. The frequency of EC placement and urinary catheter placement, postoperative IMC stay, and hospital length of stay, were significantly lower in group B (p<0.05). The postoperative mobilization of patients in group B was possible more quickly. There were no differences in the level of pain, time until the first postoperative bowel movement, and postoperative complications according to Clavien-Dindo.Conclusion: Omission of EC placement in laparoscopic rectal resections led to faster mobilization, a shorter IMC stay, and a shorter hospital stay without increasing the pain level. Postoperative complications did not change when an EC was not placed. Therefore, routine EC placement in laparoscopic rectal resections is unnecessary.
The remineralization effect of GERM CLEAN on early enamel caries: An in vitro study
Authors: Wang Ye , Xiong Kaixin , Chen Xuan , Chi Yaqi , Han Qi , Zou Ling 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the remineralization effect of GERM CLEAN, a novel antibacterial peptide, on early enamel caries.Methods: Forty human enamel blocks from thirty teeth were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1, 2, 3, 4 received GERM CLEAN (GC group)，GERM CLEAN and 1000 ppm fluoride (GC+NaF group), 1000 ppm fluoride (NaF group) and double distilled water (DDW), respectively. Specimens in these groups were subjected to demineralization for 3 days followed by pH cycling with intermittent treatment with the corresponding solutions for 14 days. After pH cycling, atomic force microscope (AFM), transverse micro-radiography (TMR), and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were conducted to analyse enamel blocks. Results: The study found that samples of the GC group showed smoother surfaces and less mineral loss than samples of the DDW group (P<0.05). Samples of the NaF group demonstrated the smoothest surfaces, the least mineral loss, and the shallowest lesion depth, which were similar to those of the GC+NaF group (P>0.05) and had significant differences than the DDW group and the GC group (P<0.05). Conclusions: GERM CLEAN has the potential to promote remineralization of demineralized enamel and could inhibit mineral loss to a certain extent.
Fluoxetine decreases phagocytic function via REV-ERBα in microglia
Authors: Jang Da-Yoon , Yang Bohyun , You Min-Jung , Rim Chan , Kim Hui-Ju , Sung Soyoung , Kwon Min-Soo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Although fluoxetine (FLX) is a commonly used drug in psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), the mechanism by which FLX exerts its therapeutic effect is not completely understood. In this study, we aimed to determine the possible mechanism by which FLX focuses on microglial phagocytosis. FLX reduced phagocytic function in BV2 cells and increased REV-ERBα among circadian genes without affecting other microglia-related genes, such as inflammation and phagocytosis. Although FLX did not change BMAL1 protein levels, it restricted the nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT) of BMAL1, leading to its cytosolic accumulation. REV-ERBα antagonist SR8278 rescued the decreased phagocytic and restricted NCT of BMAL1. We also found that REV-ERBα mediates the effect of FLX via the inhibition of phospho-ERK (pERK). The ERK inhibitor FR180204 was sufficient to reduce phagocytic function in BV2 cells and restrict the NCT of BMAL1. These results were recapitulated in the primary microglia. In conclusion, we propose that FLX decreases phagocytic function and restricts BMAL1 NCT via REV-ERB. In addition, ERK inhibition mimics the effects of FLX on microglia.
Comparison of Fasting and Random Lipid Profile among Subjects with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: An Outpatient-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh
Authors: Kamrul-Hasan A. B. M. , Talukder Samir Kumar , Kabir Md. Ahamedul , Mustari Marufa , Nabi Md. Masud Un , Gaffar Abu Jar , Hossain Md Firoj , Alam Muhammad Shah , Islam Md. Rashedul , Hannan Mohammad Abdul , Zarin Nusrat , Paul Ajit Kumar , Akter Farhana , Ahammed Afsar , Kabir Md Lutful , Rahman Mohammad Motiur , Asaduzzaman Md , Saifuddin Mohammad , Chanda Palash Kumar , Rafi Md. Abdur , Hasan Mohammad Jahid , Selim Shahjada 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Despite the wide acceptability of fasting lipid profile in practice, emerging evidence suggests that random lipid profile might be a convenient alternative for lipid measurement. The objective of the present study was to compare the fasting and random lipid profile among subjects with T2DM.Methods: The present cross-sectional study included 1543 subjects with T2DM visiting several endocrinology outpatient clinics throughout Bangladesh from January to December 2021. The fasting lipid profile was measured in the morning following 8-10 hours of overnight fasting, and the random lipid profile was measured at any time of the day irrespective of the last meal. The values of fasting and random lipids were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Spearman rank correlation coefficients.Results: In this study, a good level of correlation was observed between fasting and random lipid levels [r = 0.793, p <0.001 for triglyceride (TG), r = 0.873, p <0.001 for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), r = 0.609, p <0.001 for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and r = 0.780, p <0.001 for total cholesterol (TC)]. In addition, TG and TC levels increased by 14% and 0.51%, respectively, in the random state compared to the fasting state (p- <0.05), while LDL-C levels decreased by 0.71% (p value 0.42). No change was noticed in the HDL-C level. The difference between fasting and random lipid profile was similar according to age, sex, BMI, glucose-lowering drug(s), and lipid lowering therapy.Conclusions: Random lipid profile correlates significantly with fasting lipid profile with little difference. Hence, it might be a reliable alternative for fasting lipid profile in T2DM patients.
Utilisation of modern contraceptives by sexually active adolescent girls in Rwanda: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Authors: Kawuki Joseph , Gatasi Ghislaine , Sserwanja Quraish , Mukunya David , Musaba Milton W. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Modern contraceptive use has been shown to influence population growth, protect women’s health and rights, as well as prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for barrier contraceptive methods such as condoms. The present study aimed at assessing the level of utilization and factors associated with modern contraceptive use among sexually active adolescent girls in Rwanda.
Methods
We used secondary data from the Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS) 2020 data of 539 sexually active adolescent girls (aged 15 to 19 years). Multistage stratified sampling was used to select study participants. We conducted multivariable logistic regression to assess the association between various socio-demographics and modern contraceptive use using SPSS version 25. Modern contraception included the use of products or medical procedures that interfere with reproduction from acts of sexual intercourse.
Results
Of the 539 sexually active girls, only 94 (17.4%, 95%CI: 13.8–20.1) were using modern contraceptives. Implants (12.1%) and male condoms (2.1%) were the most used options. Modern contraceptive use was positively associated with older age (AOR = 10.28, 95%CI: 1.34–78.70), higher educational level (AOR = 6.98, 95%CI: 1.08–45.07), history of having a sexually transmitted infection (AOR = 8.27, 95%CI: 2.54–26.99), working status (AOR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.03–2.88) and being from a female-headed household (AOR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.12–3.43). However, marital status (AOR = 0.18, 95%CI: 0.10–0.35) and region (AOR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.10–0.80) had negative associations.
Conclusions
To promote utilisation of modern contraceptives, family planning campaigns need to place more emphasis on the younger, unmarried adolescents, as well as those with lower educational levels. Consideration of household and regional dynamics is also highlighted.
Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in Emergency Communities. A survey on the Kyaka II Refugee Settlement, South Western Uganda
Authors: Magezi Alex , Mairah Faith 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
IntroductionEven thought, a lot of funding has been injected in Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR), sadly, the area is still poorly addressed and unfulfilled. For the case of Kyaka II Refugee, little or no research is available on SRHR.PurposeThis survey sought to find out the prevailing status of SRHR services, in the Kyaka II refugee settlement.MethodsUsing stratified sampling, primary data was collected from 117, females aged 12 to 60 years. 13 respondents were randomly picked from each of the 9 zones of the settlement.FindingsThe study found out low (20%) prevalence of; Sexual Health, Sexual Rights, Reproductive Health and Reproductive Rights, in the refugee settlement.Value/ RecommendationThis study is valuable to funders, policymakers and organizations responding to Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in refugee communities. Therefore, more funding allocation, in the areas of SRHR in the settlement, is recommended by the study.
The Impact of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Pathway for Video-Assisted and Robotic-Assisted Lobectomy on Surgical Outcomes and Costs: A Retrospective Single-Center Cohort Study
Authors: Han Shiwei , Du Simo , Jander Christina , Kuppusamy Madhan , Sternbach Joel , Low Donald E , Hubka Michal 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
To determine the impact of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway implementation on outcomes and cost of robotic- and video-assisted thoracoscopic (RATS and VATS) lobectomy.
Methods
Retrospective review of 116 consecutive VATS and RATS lobectomies in the pre-ERAS (Oct 2018-Sep 2019) and ERAS (Oct 2019-Sep 2020) period. Multivariate analysis was used to determine the impact of ERAS and operative approach alone, and in combination, on length of hospital stay (LOS) and overall cost.
Results
Operative approach was 49.1% VATS, 50.9% RATS, with 44.8% pre-ERAS, and 55.2% ERAS (median age 68, 65.5% female). ERAS patients had shorter LOS (2.22 vs 3.45 days) and decreased total-cost ($15,022 vs $20,155) compared with non-ERAS patients, while RATS was associated with decreased LOS (2.16 vs 4.19 days) and decreased total-cost ($14,729 vs $20,484) compared with VATS. The combination of ERAS + RATS showed the shortest LOS and the lowest total-cost (1.35 days and $13,588, p < 0.001 vs other combinations). On multivariate analysis, ERAS significantly decreased LOS (P = 0.001) and total-cost (P = 0.003) compared with pre-ERAS patients; RATS significantly decreased LOS (P < 0.001) and total-cost (P = 0.004) compared with VATS approach.
Conclusion
ERAS implementation and robotic approach were independently associated with LOS reduction and cost savings in patients undergoing minimally invasive lobectomy. A combination of ERAS and RATS approach synergistically decrease LOS and overall cost.
A volumetric dilemma: Large basal ganglia in medication-naive first episode psychosis
Authors: Yesilkaya Umit Haluk , Sen Melten , Yuzbasıoglu Neslihan , Pence Kadriye Betul , Karamustafalioglu Nesrin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The neurotransmitter hypothesis is one of the most important hypothesis for the etiology of schizophrenia. Glutamate and dopamine dysfunction in the subcortical structures has been implicated in most of the symptoms of schizophrenia, especially positive symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have demonstrated differences in the subcortical structure of patients with schizophrenia as compared to controls. We aimed to investigate whether the basal ganglia volume was different in medication-naive first period of schizophrenia. Seventy-one drug-naïve patients with first-episode psychosis(FEP) who applied to outpatient clinics and were diagnosed according to DSM-5 as well as 47 healthy controls(HC) were included in the study (n=118, 64 male, 54 female). T1-weighted images were acquired on a 1.5 T scanner (Magnetom SP, Siemens), and basal ganglia volume was measured using the VolBrain software. Symptoms were assessed by using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) by an experienced psychiatrist. The volumes of right(R) and left(L) striatum, R- and L-caudate, and R- and L- Substantia nigra (SN) were found to be higher in FEP patients compared to HC. While the volume of L-putamen was higher, L- Globus pallidus (GP) and L-nucleus accumbens (NAcc) were smaller in FEP compared to HC. No significant correlation was found between volume measurements and PANSS scores. R-CAU, L-CAU, R-Striatum, L-Striatum, L-Putamen, L-NAcc, R-GP and L-SN were found to significantly predict psychosis in an univariate Logistic Regression Model. Basal ganglia are affected from the first stage of the disease in schizophrenia and may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Validation of concurrent models of public values towards invasive alien animal species based on Kellert’s attitudinal dimensions
Authors: Šorgo Andrej , Bezjak Urška , Špur Natalija 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
One of the major causes of biodiversity loss is invasive alien species (IAS). Successful IAS management requires collaboration between multiple public groups. For effective collaboration, to avoid misunderstanding and conflict, knowledge about and understanding of people's perceptions and attitudes toward IAS and their management are crucial. Therefore, the aim of our study was to explore the dimensions of attitudes toward IAS. We constructed a 40-item instrument, with four items indicating each dimension. With the application of Principal Component Analysis, nine components emerged, explaining 58% of the variance, but not following the theoretically predicted dimensions. The models revealed that the utilitarian attitude is the most representative. In all probability, the most important finding is that IAS should receive treatment equal to that of autochthonous animals (killing is killing). When preparing a campaign or a rationale for action, the most important dimensions are those designated as Control, Utilitarian, and Disinterest.
Investigation of the usability of Wide Wheel Abrasion test on rock core samples and proposal of a core abrasion index
Authors: Kolgitti Tufan , Çelik Sefer Beran 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this study, the usability of the Wide Wheel Abrasion Test (WA) on rock cores by using a newly designed core holder apparatus is investigated. The WA test which has been proposed to determine the abrasion resistance of rocks used as natural building stones is carried out on only prismatic samples. In the design of rock engineering structures such as tunnels, dams and investigations for various purposes, samples are supplied as cylindrical cores from exploration drillings. The applicability of this test on cylindrical samples is the scope of this study. Physical and mechanical properties of nine types of rock materials are determined on these core samples in accordance with the relevant standards and suggested methods. In the context of this study, core samples with average diameters of 26.76, 39.72, 47.80, 58.16 and 67.51 mm were prepared. After that, the Wide Wheel Abrasion tests on core samples (IA) were carried out. It is obvious that the abrasion values obtained on samples with different diameters will differ. To overcome this uncertainty applying core abrasion test on samples with 50 mm diameter is suggested and it is proposed as core abrasion index (IA−50). If needed, applicability of IA−50 test on half-cut cores (IA−HC) was also investigated, and significant linear correlation was obtained. IA−50 values were correlated with rock material parameters and significant relationships were proposed. It is believed that practical, economical, and non-destructive determination of IA−50 values will be effective to make the approach more widespread, and it will be useful in various rock engineering applications as a new parameter.
Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Can Optimize the Filling Material in Rats
Authors: Qu Siwei , Ma Ning , Wang Weixin , Chen Sen , Wu Qi , Li Yangqun , Yang Zhe 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Human adipose-derived stem cells have been identified as a promising candidate for cell-assisted therapy to improve graft survival. Human adipose-derived stem cells were added into filling materials. Methods: The filling materials were prepared and divided into 6 groups: Fat particles with phosphate buffer saline or human adipose-derived stem cells; Acellular dermal matrix particles with phosphate buffer saline or human adipose-derived stem cells; Mixture of fat particles and acellular dermal matrix particles with phosphate buffer saline or human adipose-derived stem cells. The survival rate, vascular density and histological at 2, 6 and 12 weeks were investigated. Results: Human adipose-derived stem cells significantly improved survival rate in each group at 6 and 12 weeks, and it significantly increased the vascular density in the fat particles and porcine acellular dermal matrix combined group and porcine acellular dermal matrix group at three time points, but human adipose-derived stem cells did not have a significant effect in the fat particles group. Conclusion: Human adipose-derived stem cells as assisted cells added into filling material can improve survival rate and vascular density in rats.
Sequentially Clustered Social Opinion for Improved Customer Management in Churn prediction
Authors: Ibitoye Ayodeji O.J , ONIFADE Olufade F.W. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
As business competition continues to increase in different sectors of the economy, chum prediction models as a social behaviour have continued to impact the classification of customers for enhanced decision support and recommendations through text analytics. While it is generally believed that user’s opinion can be gradually influenced by friends on the social media, the prospect of a churning customer increases proportionately when the friend churns. However, oftentimes, during media exchange on the social network, customers are treated distinctly for positive, negative and neutral opinion classifications. By this, the network structure, sequential conversion and its influence on the user community content is neglected for churn prediction. Thus, by developing an opinion-based churn prediction model through sequential content clustering, this research explores user’s media conversation to understand the intrinsic mechanisms of sequentially formulated opinion in a social network community. Consequently, the computational similarities and sentiment between text were extracted to build an opinion driven churn prediction community for enhanced targeted customer acquisition and retention support. The essence is to harness the power of the social networking as replica for mouth-to-mouth conversation on products brands in Natural Language Processing. The research obtained 95%, 87%, and 94% in Recall, Precision, and Accuracy respectively when compared with opinion mining from ordinary data clustering.
Small peptide LINC00511-133aa encoded by LINC00511 regulates breast cancer cell invasion and stemness through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Tan Zhongqiu , Zhao Lifeng , Huang Shiqing , Jiang Qiulan , Wei Yantao , Wu Junyun Long , Zhang Zhiwen , Li Yepeng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The stemness and invasion of breast cancer cells are key causative factors for tumor relapse and metastasis. The present study aimed to identify whether LINC00511-133aa, a small peptide encoded by LINC00511, could mediate the wnt/β-catenin pathway to control the invasiveness and stemness of breast cancer cells. In this study, LINC00511-133aa and control vector were transfected into breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). Afterward,) PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence assays were conducted to assess the expression of the small peptide LINC00511-133aa. Cell proliferative and invasive potentials were subsequently evaluated using CCK8, apoptotic, scratch, and transwell invasion assays. Finally, cancer stem cell-like characteristics were identified by the sphere-forming assay and western blot analysis of the stemness markers (Oct4, Nanog, and SOX2). The results show that the small peptide LINC00511-133aa was determined to be encoded by LINC00511. Transfection with this peptide expedited the invasion ability of breast cancer cells, strengthened their stemness, and limited apoptosis. Finally, LINC00511-133aa activated the wnt/β-catenin pathway. in sum, LINC00511 can encode the small peptide LINC00511-133aa, which can modulate the invasiveness and stemness through the regulation of the wnt/β-catenin pathway.