bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Reversibilität des idiopathischen, isolierten Wachstumshormonmangels
Authors: Tischlinger Katharina , Laurer Elisabeth , Högler Wolfgang 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDer idiopathische, isolierte Wachstumshormonmangel („idiopathic isolated growth hormone deficiency“, IGHD) ist eine seltene Erkrankung. Die Diagnose wird aufgrund diagnostischer Unschärfen jedoch im Kindesalter zu häufig gestellt. Zur Bestätigung eines IGHD sind zwei pathologische Wachstumshormon („growth hormone“, GH)-Stimulationstests erforderlich, welche ein hohes Risiko falsch-positiver Ergebnisse mit sich bringen. Aufgrund dessen muss die Indikationsstellung zur Durchführung solcher Stimulationstests und deren Interpretation mit hoher Sorgfalt und unter Berücksichtigung potenzieller Einflussfaktoren erfolgen. Daten aus der Literatur zeigen hohe Reversibilitätsraten eines IGHDs nach Abschluss des Längenwachstums. Diese Reversibilität ist nicht ausreichend geklärt, lässt jedoch Zweifel an der initialen Diagnosefindung aufkommen. Eine weitere Hypothese zur Reversibilität betrifft die Nachreifung der GH-Achse unter dem Einfluss der Sexualhormone während der Pubertät. Eine rezente Metaanalyse zeigt, dass je nach GH-Grenzwert bei Reevaluierung des IGHD („Retesting“) 55–80 % der Patienten eine ausreichende endogene GH-Produktion zeigen und somit kein IGHD mehr vorliegt. Ein frühzeitiges Retesting bereits nach Einsetzen der Pubertät und nicht erst bei Erreichen der Endlänge wird deshalb intensiv diskutiert und Studien darüber laufen. Frühes Retesten hätte, durch den Wegfall der täglichen Injektionen und damit eine Reduktion von potenziellen Nebenwirkungen, nicht nur Vorteile für den Patienten selbst, auch das Gesundheitssystem könnte sowohl Kosten als auch Ressourcen damit schonen.
Comparison of biomass and deoxynivalenol production of northern European and southern European Fusarium graminearum isolates in the infection of wheat and oat grains
Authors: Yli-Mattila Tapani , Hussien Taha , Abbas Asmaa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe 3ADON chemotype of Fusarium graminearum predominates in northern Europe, whereas the 15ADON chemotype is predominant in central and southern Europe. Therefore, it has been suggested that there are two F. graminearum populations in Europe, which may have been specialized to different host plants. The aim of the present work was to test this hypothesis by comparing southern European isolates (15ADON chemotype) from southern Russia and northern European isolates (3ADON chemotype) from Finland in the infection of grains in wheat cultivar Wellamo and oat cultivar Venla. F. graminearum biomass levels were measured by TaqMan (2018) and SYBR Green (2019) qPCR, while DON levels were measured by chromatographic methods. Most of the qPCR and DON results are supporting the hypothesis that in F. graminearum the 15ADON isolates from southern Russia are more specialized to wheat than the 3ADON isolates from Finland. In oat, there were not as clear differences between the 15ADON and 3ADON isolates, but in 2018 higher F. graminearum DNA levels and in 2019 higher DON and F. graminearum DNA levels were found in oat samples inoculated with 3ADON isolates. Our results are in line with literature according to which F. graminearum DNA and DON levels are also highest in oat in northern Europe, while in southern Europe they are highest in wheat and maize.
Behavior of Kreiss bounded $$C_0$$-semigroups on a Hilbert space
Authors: Arnold L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe prove that a Kreiss bounded$$C_0$$C0semigroup$$(T_t)_{t \ge 0}$$(Tt)t≥0on a Hilbert space has asymptotics$$\left\| T_t\right\| = {\mathcal{O}}\big (t/\sqrt{\log (t)}\big ).$$Tt=O(t/log(t)).Then, we give an application to perturbed wave equation.
Urban land cover mapping with Sentinel-2: a spectro-spatio-temporal analysis
Authors: Xu Fei , Heremans Stien , Somers Ben 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBecause of its high spatial resolution (10 m and 20 m), rich spectral information (10 spectral bands), and short revisit period (5 days), Sentinel-2 provides new opportunities for earth observation. However, in urban environments, data limitations in the spatial and spectral dimensions constrain Sentinel-2’s performance: (i) the spatial resolution of Sentinel-2 is not sufficient to resolve the heterogeneous urban landscapes, and the prevalence of mixed pixels lowers the performance of image classifiers; (ii) the spectral resolution of Sentinel-2 is not able to fully account for the spectral variability of urban surface materials, which increases the probability that image classifiers mislabels urban land covers. Also, the 5-day temporal resolution makes Sentinel-2 image data suitable for time series analysis, but its contribution to urban land cover mapping still needs to be quantified. This study evaluated Sentinel-2’s performance in mapping urban land covers by mitigating the effect of spectral variability (using FDA, Fisher Discriminant Analysis), improving the spatial resolution of images (using UnFuSen2, a state-of-art Sentinel-2 image fusion approach), and utilizing temporal and spectral characteristics from image time series. Overall, we found that the image time series processed by UnFuSen2 enables the classifiers of k nearest neighbor (KNN), maximum likelihood (MLC), and random forests (RF) to perform the best, and multiple endmember spectra mixture analysis (MESMA) is suitable for classifying image time series that have been jointly processed by FDA and UnFuSen2. Besides, we found a significant contribution of spring and summer imagery to the improvement of land cover mapping accuracy in the Brussels Capital Region.
Vietnam’s exceptional educational achievement: a thematic review of the emerging literature
Authors: Boman Björn 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe World Bank and other global actors were impressed by the fact that the relatively poor Southeast Asian country Vietnam made significant success in the PISA evaluation in 2012, placing ahead of several Western countries like the US, UK, Australia, and Sweden. In this article, recent research that focuses on educational achievement, specifically PISA performance, in Vietnam has comprehensively been reviewed (N = 20 studies), using a systematic literature review. Further, it discusses the decrease in PISA 2015 and interprets this negative trend based on relevant data disentangled from the literature review. The findings suggest that the structural changes that were implemented in the aftermath of the Đổi Mới reforms in 1986 have paved the way for increasing quality and quantity of education, which affect scores in assessments such as PISA. Furthermore, cognitive ability and an education-oriented national culture which fosters diligence among students have further enhanced the results. However, there are still large equity disparities between the majority Kinh group and various minority groups that seem to affect academic achievement.
A Consistent Lack of Consistency in Defining the Acute and Chronic Phases of Peyronie's Disease: A Review of the Contemporary Literature
Authors: Piraino Javier , Chaudhary Hira , Ames Kyle , Okoye Frederick , Sterling Matthew , Clavell-Hernandez Jonathan , Levine Laurence , Ziegelmann Matthew J 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionTreatment recommendations for Peyronie's Disease (PD) differ based on whether a patient is in the acute/active versus chronic/stable phase of the disease, yet there are no agreed upon criteria for defining these clinical entities.ObjectivesTo review the criteria used to define acute and chronic phase PD in modern PD intervention studiesMethodsWe performed a search engine review to identify indexed publications for PD intervention studies and review articles / meta-analyses from the year 2011-2020. Outcomes results were catalogued and summarized across articles. As a result of the substantial heterogeneity of outcome measures and follow-up intervals, meta-analytic techniques were not applied to the data analysis.ResultsWe identified a total of 104 studies that met inclusion criteria and had available information for review (n = 79 primary intervention studies; n = 25 review articles/meta-analyses/guidelines). Among the queried studies, we were unable to identify a consensus with respect to the criteria used to define acute and chronic phases of PD. 33% of primary intervention studies did not specifically define their criteria for acute and chronic phase PD, despite referencing these populations as part of the inclusion criteria in many instances. Studies used heterogenous criteria including total symptom duration, duration of “stable” symptoms, and presence/absence of pain.ConclusionDue to varying definitions across the literature, we were unable to create a standardized definition of acute and chronic phase Peyronie's in terms of time. Our findings emphasize the need for greater consensus in defining the treatment cohorts with future studies that assess treatment for men with PD.
Treatment of Sexual Dysfunction in Women with Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Disorders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Baniotopoulos Pantelis , Pyrgidis Nikolaos , Minopoulou Ioanna , Tishukov Maksim , Sokolakis Ioannis , Hatzichristodoulou Georgios , Dimitroulas Theodoros 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionFemale sexual dysfunction (SD) is an under-recognized and undertreated problem in patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic disorders (SARDs).ObjectivesTo summarize and evaluate the existing treatment modalities for SD in females with SARDs.MethodsA systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Electronic databases were searched up to April 2022 for studies that assessed the use of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment modalities for the management of SD in females with SARDs. Randomized and observational studies were included. (PROSPERO: CRD42022296381).ResultsSeven studies with 426 females with SD were included. Seven different treatment modalities belonging to 5 different classes (androgen therapy, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, exercise, education and local creams) were evaluated in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic sclerosis. The majority of the studies were of low methodological quality. Standardized patient education and 8-week aerobic walking programs were successful in improving female SD. Local creams improved dyspareunia in females with systemic sclerosis. Testosterone did not significantly improve SD in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Accordingly, tadalafil did not result in a significant improvement of SD in females with systemic sclerosis, based on the Female Sexual Function Index.ConclusionThere is a lack of sufficient evidence to recommend a certain management strategy for SD in females with SARDs. Nonpharmacological therapy and lubricant creams may be beneficial in females with SARDs. No benefit was demonstrated after androgen therapy or tadalafil. Still, no definite conclusions can be drawn due to the important limitations of the available literature. Overall, our results may be considered preliminary and further research in the field is mandatory.
Anomalous recurrence of Markov chains on negatively curved manifolds
Authors: Armstrong John , King Tim 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe present a recurrence–transience classification for discrete-time Markov chains on manifolds with negative curvature. Our classification depends only on geometric quantities associated to the increments of the chain, defined via the Riemannian exponential map. We deduce that a recurrent chain that has zero average drift at every point cannot be uniformly elliptic, unlike in the Euclidean case. We also give natural examples of zero-drift recurrent chains on negatively curved manifolds, including on a stochastically incomplete manifold.
Contested masculinities and political imaginations in “New Turkey” and Çukur as authoritarian spaces of protection
Authors: Bulut Ergin , Serinkaya Winter Zeynep 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInitially known as “the Turkish Godfather,” Turkish TV series Çukur (2017–2021) occasionally received criticism from government ministers and the government’s media regulatory board. This was surprising because Turkey’s and Çukur’s cultural universes converged around the masculinist protection of family and territory. So, why this political backlash despite the convergence? Wouldn’t that convergence of masculinity produce similar political imaginations? In this article we argue that in shaping the family and urban space, Çukur’s masculinities remain precarious vis-à-vis the hegemonic masculinity in “New Turkey.” Rather than being the society’s building blocks, Çukur’s families are suffocating spaces. At the same time, as opposed to cultivating neoliberal responsibility, Çukur’s familialism emerges as a space of solidarity in a precarious neighborhood to which state forces can hardly enter. Therefore, the neighborhood (mahalle) is not a space of consumption and surveillance but a haven against urban precarities. Despite their hierarchies and authoritarianism, Çukur’s men reject unquestioned political loyalty, conspicuous consumption, and entrepreneurship while endorsing the various impasses in family and urban life. Showing that absolute political obedience and economic dependence is not the only way out of neoliberal authoritarianism, Çukur confirms popular culture’s power in representing liminal spaces outside the state’s oppressive power and the markets’ commodifying logics.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of prophylactic medication of vestibular migraine
Authors: Yiannakis C , Hamilton L , Slim M , Kontorinis G 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveVestibular migraine is in the process of recognition as an individual clinical entity. At present, no guidelines exist for its management. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effectiveness of available prophylactic medication.MethodA literature search was performed using PubMed, Ovid and Embase databases. Qualitative and quantitative analysis were performed as well as risk of bias analysis. Meta-analysis for the mean differences for pre- and post-treatment impact based on Dizziness Handicap Inventory and Vertigo Symptom Scale were performed. Proportionate transformation meta-analysis for the successful event rate based on complete symptoms control was explored.ResultsThirteen publications were identified: 3 were randomised, controlled trials and 10 were non-randomised, controlled trials. Propranolol and venlafaxine improved the Vertigo Symptom Scale score by −13.31 points and −4.16 points, respectively, and the Dizziness Handicap Inventory score by −32.24 and −21.24, respectively. Only propranolol achieved statistically significant impact with 60 per cent of patients achieving complete symptom control.ConclusionPropranolol should be offered as the first-line treatment for vestibular migraine followed by venlafaxine. Amitriptyline, flunarizine and cinnarizine showed a trend for symptom improvement, but this was not statistically significant.
Jesting international politics: The productive power and limitations of humorous practices in an age of entertainment politics
Authors: Malmvig Helle 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHumour has recently emerged as an important research topic in International Politics. Scholars have investigated how states and state leaders practice humour as part of their diplomatic exchanges, in misinformation campaigns, and nation-branding. Important knowledge has been gained as to how humorous practices partake in constituting identities, managing recognition, and international anxieties or contesting global orders. Yet, little attention has been devoted to interrogating the risk that humorous practices may give rise to in international politics, to the underside of humour's productive power. This article aims to begin unpacking these risks both theoretically and empirically. To do so, it engages with the critical thinking on humour by Kierkegaard and Foster Wallace in particular, suggesting three challenging implications: (1) humorous entrapments; (2) facile forms of detached engagement; and (3) ambiguous blurring of fiction and reality. It then shows how these unfold empirically in: Iran's meme war with the US, a Yes Men's parody during COP15, and the Pyongyang Nuclear Summit, developing a three-pronged analytical strategy for studying humorous practices and their different relations to formations of power/knowledge.
Facing ambiguity: Social threat sensitivity mediates the association between peer victimization and adolescent anxiety
Authors: Schacter Hannah L. , Marusak Hilary A. , Borg Breanna A. , Jovanovic Tanja 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPeer victimization is a developmentally salient stressor that elevates adolescents’ risk for anxiety disorders. However, modifiable mechanisms that explain this link and can be targeted via therapeutic interventions remain poorly understood. Drawing from psychobiological models implicating aberrant threat sensitivity in the development and maintenance of psychopathology, the current study investigated sensitivity to peer-related social threats as a mechanism underlying the association between peer victimization and anxiety. A sample of 197 dyads of early adolescents (Mage = 12.02; 46% female) and parents/guardians (Mage = 41.46; 90% female) completed online surveys assessing peer victimization, sensitivity to potential (i.e., ambiguous) social threats, and anxiety. Controlling for potentially confounding demographic and psychosocial factors, both self- and parent-reported peer victimization were positively associated with adolescent anxiety symptoms. Additionally, there were significant indirect effects from self- and parent-reported peer victimization to anxiety via social threat sensitivity. Supplemental analyses indicated unique effects of covert, but not overt, peer victimization on social threat sensitivity and anxiety. The findings provide initial evidence that peer victimization experiences lower adolescents’ threshold for interpreting threats in ambiguous social situations, which contributes to heightened anxiety. These results implicate social threat sensitivity as a potential therapeutic target for interrupting links from peer victimization to psychological distress.
Variation in provider compliance with sports restriction guidelines in children with an isolated bicuspid aortic valve
Authors: Yamauchi Melissa S.W. , Puchalski Michael D. , Weng Hsin-Yi , Pinto Nelangi M. , Etheridge Susan P. , Presson Angela P. , Minich L. LuAnn , Williams Richard V. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground:Published guidelines for sports restriction for children with a bicuspid aortic valve remain controversial. We sought to describe practice variation and factors influencing sports restrictions in these children.Methods:This retrospective single-centre study included children (7–18 years old) with an isolated bicuspid aortic valve at baseline from 1 January, 2005 to 31 December, 2014. Sports restrictions, factors potentially influencing decision-making, and outcomes were collected. Descriptive statistics and multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression models were performed with providers and patients as random effects. Provider variation was estimated using intraclass correlation coefficients. Odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and p-values were reported from the models.Results:In 565 encounters (253 children; 34 providers), 41% recommended no sports restrictions, 40% recommended high-static and high-dynamic restrictions, and 19% had no documented recommendations. Based on published guidelines, 22% of children were inappropriately restricted while 30% were not appropriately restricted. The paediatric cardiology provider contributed to 37% of observed practice variation (p < 0.001). Sports restriction was associated with older age, males, greater ascending aorta z-score, and shorter follow-up interval. There were no aortic dissections or deaths and one cardiac intervention.Conclusion:Physicians frequently fail to document sports restrictions for children with a bicuspid aortic valve, and documented recommendations often conflict with published guidelines. Despite this, no adverse outcomes occurred. Providers accounted for a significant proportion of the variation in sports restrictions. Further research to provide evidence-based guidelines may improve provider compliance with activity recommendations in this population.
Reducing carbon footprint by replacing generators with solar PV systems: a contingent valuation study in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Nduka Eleanya 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNigeria is endowed with abundant sunshine year-round; thus, solar PV would solve the environmental problems associated with petrol-powered generators. However, it is unclear whether households are willing to transition. Thus, we analyze households’ willingness to pay (WTP) for solar PV under four scenarios: (i) WTP when a solar PV is complemented with a generator, (ii) WTP when a solar PV completely displaces a generator, (iii) WTP when a solar PV is complemented with a generator, plus a subsidy, and (iv) WTP when a solar PV completely displaces a generator, given a subsidy. We find that WTP for solar PV is higher when it can displace generators completely. Subsidy plus monthly rather than upfront payment would scale up the adoption of solar PV by about 6 per cent. Furthermore, the cost benefit analysis results show that solar PV investment is profitable. Thus, there is a need to implement policies aimed at scaling up the energy transition.
Trust in pension funds, or the importance of being financially sound
Authors: van Dalen Hendrik P. , Henkens Kène 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIs the trust that participants have in their pension fund affected by its funding ratio (i.e., asset/liabilities ratio)? Based on survey, carried out in October 2021, among Dutch pension fund participants we link our survey data to the funding ratio of their pension fund as registered by the pension regulator. First, we show that the level of the funding ratio of their pension fund is positively associated with the trust level of participants. Pension funds with large buffers are associated with a high level of trust. Second, sub-group analyses show that the trust of younger participants is weakly related to the level of the funding ratio and this association is strong and positive for older (55+)/retired participants. It suggests that an interest in or awareness about the financial health of one's pension fund is associated with a higher responsiveness of participants in terms of trust. And third, firm-based pension funds enjoy a higher level of trust compared to sector-based pension funds.