bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Should pregnant women be screened for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection? A prospective multicenter cohort study
Authors: Yefet Enav , Massalha Manal , Alter Adi , Gal Harnik Amit , Hosari Mahamed Sally , Novick Lia , Wattad Malak , Sakas Jawad , Baram Shira , Weiss Amir , Iskander Rula , Peretz Avi , Rozenberg Orit , Younis Johnny S. , Perlitz Yuri , Nachum Zohar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), ranges from asymptomatic to severe infection. We aimed to compare the prevalence of COVID‐19 in asymptomatic pregnant versus nonpregnant women in order to establish recommendations for a COVID‐19 screening strategy.MethodsA prospective multicenter cohort study was conducted. Asymptomatic pregnant or nonpregnant women after March 2020 (the time when COVID‐19 was first detected in north Israel) were tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 using nasopharyngeal reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test, anti‐nucleocapsid IgG, and anti‐spike IgG. Diagnosis was made if at least one test result was positive. Pregnant women were tested between 34 and 42 weeks, mostly at birth.ResultsAmong the 297 participating women, 152 were pregnant and 145 were nonpregnant. The prevalence of asymptomatic COVID‐19 was similar between the groups (4 [2.6%] and 8 [5.5%], respectively; P = 0.2). All women with COVID‐19 delivered healthy appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age babies without malformations, at term.ConclusionsThe rate of asymptomatic COVID‐19 in pregnant women is low and comparable to the rate among nonpregnant women. Pregnancy outcomes are favorable. Future screening programs should consider that one of 25 screened asymptomatic women will be positive.
Direct observation of the Mpemba effect with water: Probe the mysterious heat transfer
Authors: Tang Zhiqiang , Huang Weidong , Zhang Yagang , Liu Yanxia , Zhao Lin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Mpemba effect is one of the most perplexing puzzles in nature. Although it has been discussed extensively, direct observation of the Mpemba effect is extremely challenging and rare. Herein, we report the first systematic study of the Mpemba effect with water and clearly point out the conditions required for the observation of the Mpemba effect. The results demonstrate that hot water usually has a faster cooling rate than cold water. The initial temperature, temperature difference, shape of the container, and water volume influence the heat exchange and the cooling process. Owing to the influential factors of heat exchange, the Mpemba effect can only be observed under specific conditions. This work helps to clarify doubts and confusion about the Mpemba effect and can offer alternative strategies for energy storage and transfer materials.
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Polycrystalline particulates synthesized on zirconia for enhanced bioactivity: An in vitro study
Authors: Tang Shuang , Ding Ning , Zhang Zutai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractZirconia is a promising material for dental implant with its excellent biocompatibility, good mechanical properties, and esthetic effect similar to natural teeth. To improve the bioactivity and osteogenic properties of zirconia, pre‐sintered zirconia discs were divided into C, T3, T5, and T7 group. Group C was as control. T3, T5, and T7 groups were soaked in hydrofluoric acid (HF) for 30, 50, and 70 s, respectively. Then, they were placed into CaCl2 solution and heated in NaOH solution. After sintering, the samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, and X‐ray diffraction, which confirmed the ZrO2 polycrystalline particulates in situ synthesized on the treated sample discs. The surface roughness of the treated samples was increased with the prolonged of acid treatment time (p < .05), while the three‐point bending strength did not decrease significantly (p > .05). MC3T3‐E1 cells were cultured on zirconia discs to evaluate the bioactivity and osteogenic effect of modified zirconia. The living&dead fluorescence staining and CCK‐8 assay showed that the specimens were non‐toxic and significantly promoted cell proliferation. In addition, the cell proliferation was enhanced with the increase of zirconia surface roughness. Polycrystalline particles modified zirconia were beneficial to cell spreading. After osteogenic induction, MC3T3‐E1 cells inoculated on modified zirconia exhibited higher alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization activity and up‐regulated osteogenesis‐related gene expression. Above all, in situ synthesized polycrystalline particulates significantly improve the biological activity of zirconia, which will promote the widespread application of zirconia implants.
Identification of potential inhibitors, conformational dynamics, and mechanistic insights into mutant Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (G13D) driven cancers
Authors: Tayubi Iftikhar A. , Kumar S. Udhaya , Doss C. George Priya 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe mutations at the hotspot region of K‐Ras result in the progression of cancer types. Our study aimed to explore the small molecule inhibitors against the G13D mutant K‐Ras model with anti‐cancerous activity from food and drug administration (FDA)‐approved drug compounds. We implemented several computational strategies such as pharmacophore‐based virtual screening, molecular docking, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion features, and molecular simulation to ensure the identified hit compounds have potential efficacy against G13D K‐Ras. We found that the FDA‐approved compounds, namely, azelastine, dihydrocodeine, paroxetine, and tramadol, are potential candidates to inhibit the action of G13D mutant K‐Ras. All four compounds exhibited similar binding patterns of sotorasib, and a structural binding mechanism with significant hydrophobic contacts. The descriptor features from the QikProp of all four compounds are within allowable limits compared to sotorasib drug. Consequently, a molecular simulation result emphasized that the dihydrocodeine and tramadol exhibited less fluctuation, minimal basin, significant h‐bonds, and potent inhibition against G13D K‐Ras. As a result, the current research identifies prospective K‐Ras inhibitors that could be further improved with biochemical analysis for precision medicine against K‐Ras‐driven cancers.
Noncoding RNAs in diagnosis and prognosis of graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD)
Authors: Vajari Mahdi K. , Moradinasab Susan , Yousefi Amir‐Mohammad , Bashash Davood 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) is a functional therapy for a plethora of hematologic malignancies and immune disorders. Graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD), on the other hand, is one of the major complications ahead of a successful HSCT, contributing to transplant‐associated morbidity and mortality. Notably, little is known about the underlying mechanism of this event; therefore, exploring precise biomarkers and uncovering the molecular pathogenesis of GVHD is valuable for early diagnosis and treatment optimization. Thanks to the advances in sequencing techniques, the noncoding sequences of the human genome—formerly considered "junk"—are now identified as functional molecules. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNA) control cellular responses by regulating gene expression, and previous studies have shown that these tiny molecules, especially microRNAs (miRNAs), can affect allogeneic T cell responses in both animal models and clinical experiments. The present study gives an overview of the functions of various miRNAs in regulating T cell responses in GVHD. We also provide an outlook on miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) potential role in GVHD with the hope of providing a future research direction for expanding their application as the sensitive and noninvasive diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers and also the promising therapeutic targets for improving outcomes after allogeneic HSCT.
A novel thymidine phosphorylase mutation in a family with Mitochondrial Neurogastrointestinal Encephalomyopathy (MNGIE): Molecular docking, dynamic simulation and computational investigations
Authors: Ammar Marwa , Safi Wajdi , Tlili Abdelaziz , Alila‐Fersi Olfa , Frikha Fakher , Chouchen Jihen , Mnif Fatma , Kharrat Marwa , Maalej Marwa , Felhi Rahma , Abid Mohamed , Mnif‐Feki Mouna , Kacem Faten Hadj , Fakhfakh Faiza , Mkaouar‐Rebai Emna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE; OMIM 603041) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder mostly caused by mutations in TYMP gene encoding thymidine phosphorylase (TP) protein that affects the mitochondrial nucleotide metabolism. TP, functionally active as a homodimer, is involved in the salvage pathway of pyrimidine nucleosides. MNGIE‐like syndrome having an overlapping phenotype of MNGIE was also described and has been associated with mutations in POLG and RRM2B genes. In the present study, we report the molecular investigation of a consanguineous family including two patients with clinical features suggestive of MNGIE syndrome. Bioinformatics analyses were carried out in addition to mtDNA deletion screening and copy number quantification in the blood of the two patients. Whole exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing analyses revealed the segregation in the affected family a novel mutation c.1205T>A (p.L402Q) within the exon 9 of the TYMP gene. In addition, mtDNA analysis revealed the absence of mtDNA deletions and a decrease of the copy number in the blood of the two patients of the studied family. The p.Leu402Gln mutation was located in a conserved amino acid within the α/β domain of the TP protein and several software supported its pathogenicity. In addition, and based on docking and molecular dynamic simulation analyses, results revealed that L402Q caused a conformational change in TP mutated structure and could therefore alter its flexibility and stability. These changes prevent also the formation of stable homodimer leading to non‐functional protein with partial or complete loss of its catalytic activity.
Regional earth system model for CORDEX‐South Asia: A comparative assessment of RESM and ESM over the tropical Indian Ocean
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Mallick Subrat , Mishra Alok Kumar , Dubey Aditya Kumar , Tiwari Gaurav , Sein Dimitry V. , Cabos William , Jacob Daniela 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUnderstanding climate variability requires good quality high resolution spatially and temporally varying ocean fields due to its decisive role in regulating the region's climate, including the Indian summer monsoon. In this regard, we employed a new high‐resolution regional earth system model (RESM), namely ROM over CORDEX South Asia. We demonstrated the performance of the RESM and its added value over the global earth system model, namely MPI‐ESM, in simulating the hydrographic characteristics and associated mechanism over the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO). ROM shows better skill than MPI‐ESM in simulating the near‐surface and subsurface characteristics of the ocean. However, larger added values are noticed for subsurface (>350 m) thermal structure. MPI‐ESM's cold sea surface temperature (SST) bias is reduced in ROM which is associated with weaker winds, anomalous cyclonic wind stress curl, enhanced stratifications, and a shallower mixed layer, resulting in greater upper‐ocean heating. The reduced SST bias is also consistent with improved ocean meridional heat transport (OMHT) in ROM. For example, reduced southward export of OMHT over the Arabian Sea increases the surface warming by ~4%, reducing the RMSE by ~0.2–0.6°C and becoming closer to observation. The anomalous cyclonic wind stress curl, in turn, caused mixed layer stratifications in the western Indian Ocean. The advective heat transfer from the south‐eastern Indian Ocean to the western Indian Ocean reduced oceanic cooling by vertical processes, overcame the cooling by the net loss of surface heat fluxes, and favoured the TIO's surface warming.
Surface heat transfer changes over Arctic land and sea connected to Arctic warming
Authors: Kong Linlin , Zou Han , Zhou Libo , Zhu Jinhuan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTurbulent heat transfer from surface to atmosphere is important in the atmospheric energy balance over the Arctic, thereby impacting the remarkable warming that occurs in this region. The impact of heat transfer over the Arctic land and sea (approximate Arctic Ocean) on Arctic warming could be distinct, owing to different heat sources and physical processes on the interfaces. This study sought to analyse the heat transfer and changes over the Arctic land and sea and their contributions to those over the entire Arctic, and discuss the connection between the heat transfer changes and Arctic warming based on ERA5 reanalysis. The Arctic surface releases heat to the atmosphere, with an annual average of 4.5 × 1014 W, which is mainly contributed by the Arctic land in summer and sea in winter. From 1979 to 2018, the amount of heat release was found to markedly increase, with an annual trend of 0.94 ± 0.31 W/(m2 decade). A faster increase occurred in summer and was contributed by both the Arctic land and sea. In contrast, a slower increase occurred in winter and was only contributed by the sea. The heat transfer changed heterogeneously over the Arctic land and sea, with three major changes: Northern Russia Increase over northern Russia in summer, Northern Barents Increase over the northern Barents Sea in winter, and Nordic Sea Decrease over the Nordic Sea and northern Greenland Sea in winter. Notably, the heat transfer change over the Arctic land and sea could be connected to Arctic warming, especially the three major changes, based on distinct feedback processes, which could impact future Arctic warming. Overall, the Arctic land and sea play distinct roles in the heat transfer change and connection to Arctic warming, with the land being more important in summer and the sea being more important in winter.
Hydrogen bond‐driven assembly of coral‐like soy protein isolate–tannic acid microcomplex for encapsulation of limonene
Authors: Wu Kaiwen , Wu Zhenglin , Kang Yuxuan , Su Chang , Yi Fengping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe encapsulation of flavor and aroma compounds has great potential in foods, while effective preparation in the food industry is still a great challenge. Inspired by leather tanning, tannic acid (TA) was used for deep crosslinking through hydrogen bond‐driven assembly on soy protein isolate for encapsulating limonene with a high loading ratio.RESULTSThe added TA changed the protein structure and formed a limonene‐loaded microcomplex. The morphology of these microcomplexes changed from smooth to rough, followed by the formation of smooth nanoparticle aggregates, by changing the amount of TA. The encapsulation efficiency and loading ratio were increased from 0.78% and 4.30% to 59.32% and 45.78% after increasing TA from 1.875 to 60 mg mL−1. The result of confocal laser scanning microscopy indicated that limonene is evenly distributed in microcomplexes. Additionally, the results of thermal stability demonstrated protection of limonene by soy protein–tannic acid microcomplex.CONCLUSIONIt is suggested that the added TA improved the encapsulation efficiency and loading ratio. Limonene is loaded in the complex in two ways. The present research provides a new and easy path for the preparation of the non‐thermal soy protein aroma carrier. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
A prospective study to evaluate the treatment effect of pulsed dye laser on thyroidectomy hypertrophic scars using 3D imaging analysis
Authors: Kim Jin Cheol , Choi Jee Woong , Kim You Chan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe pulsed dye laser (PDL) is an effective modality for preventing and improving hypertrophic scars (HSs). However, the heterogeneity of the parameter settings of the laser and subjective scar assessment methods used in most studies resulting in uncertainty with treatment plans. Therefore, we investigated the treatment effect of the PDL (V‐beam; Candela Laser Corporation) on HSs in post‐thyroidectomy patients using three‐dimensional imaging analysis and intended to provide a systemic and optimal treatment protocol.MethodsNineteen patients with HS after thyroidectomy underwent eight treatment sessions with the 595 nm PDL (with the dose gradually increased by 0.5 J/cm2) at 4‐ to 6‐week intervals. Patients with an elevated lesion also received intralesional corticosteroid (ICS) treatment. After every two treatment sessions, we assessed the patients' HS using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), a patient satisfaction questionnaire, and with a three‐dimensional (3D) skin imaging device (Antera 3D™; Miravex Limited).ResultsIn repeated‐measures analysis of variance, the mean VSS and patient satisfaction significantly improved (p < 0.001), with significant differences in these values observed until the sixth and eighth treatment sessions, respectively. In the quantitative analysis using Antera 3D™, the mean height, pigmentation, and vascularity scores were observed to be significantly improved (p < 0.001). Significant differences in these values were observed until the fourth, second, and eighth treatment sessions, respectively. Subgroup analysis according to ICS treatment showed no significant differences in scar characteristics between those with and without ICS treatment.ConclusionsIn this study, we found that the PDL was effective in reducing scar height, vascularity, and pigmentation in patients with thyroidectomy HS using 3D imaging analysis. Furthermore, we have suggested a cost‐effective treatment plan with the 595 nm PDL.
Precisely Tailoring and Renewing Polymers: An Efficient Strategy for Polymer Recycling
Authors: Yao Hongxin , Zuo Yongkang , Song Yiye , Huang Wenyan , Jiang Qimin , Xue Xiaoqiang , Jiang Li , Xu Jinbao , Yang Hongjun , Jiang Bibiao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPlastic wastes have contaminated both land and ocean environments throughout the world and hence, it is urgent to explore feasible yet cost‐effective recycling and reuse strategies for plastic wastes in order to solve this menacing problem. The so‐called “back‐to‐oligomer” chemical recycling process may be an efficient and affordable strategy to solve this global issue. However, structural control of the produced oligomers has never been achieved using this strategy until now. Here, it is reported that polymeric blends with different structures and molecular weights can be successfully tailored to homo‐/co‐ oligomers with a predesigned molecular weight (MW) and an acceptable MW distribution, just by changing the feed ratio or adding a predetermined amount of alcohol. Moreover, the molecular weight of the produced oligomers can be further increased by in situ addition of the corresponding monomers into the reaction system. This recycling strategy provides an efficient method for the preparation of high‐value polymers from plastic wastes without prior sorting of mixed plastic wastes. The newly developed process through polymer chemistry and environmental engineering not only helps with the selective recycling of polyester blends, but it can also enable the recycling of polymeric mixtures composed of polyester and polycarbonate.
A Review: Current Status and Emerging Developments on Natural Polymer‐Based Electrospun Fibers
Authors: Han Weisen , Wang Liangyu , Li Qin , Ma Bomou , He Chunju , Guo Xuefeng , Nie Jun , Ma Guiping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn recent years, natural polymer‐based electrospun fibers (EFs) with huge specific surface area, good biocompatibility, and biological activity obtained from electrospinning process exhibit tremendous vitality in the field of biomedical areas. Herein, the parameters of electrospinning from two perspectives, polymer solution such as solvent, polymeric relative molecular mass, concentration, viscosity, and conductivity of the solution, and electrospinning process such as spinning voltage, spinning flow rate, needle tip to collector distance, temperature, and humidity are first detailed. Next, the raw materials consisting of polysaccharides such as cellulose, hyaluronic acid, alginate, and chitosan as well as proteins such as collagen, gelatin, silk fibroin, and keratin are summarized. The preparation method and related characteristics of EFs with multistage structures such as porous, core–shell, Janus, bamboo‐like and other structures are introduced. The biomedical applications of these natural polymer‐based EFs mainly including tissue engineering, drug sustained release, wound dressings, and biomedical sensors are systematically recapitulated. Finally, the outlook on natural EFs is further proposed.
Deep learning in ultrasound elastography imaging: A review
Authors: Li Hongliang , Bhatt Manish , Qu Zhen , Zhang Shiming , Hartel Martin C. , Khademhosseini Ali , Cloutier Guy 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIt is known that changes in the mechanical properties of tissues are associated with the onset and progression of certain diseases. Ultrasound elastography is a technique to characterize tissue stiffness using ultrasound imaging either by measuring tissue strain using quasi‐static elastography or natural organ pulsation elastography, or by tracing a propagated shear wave induced by a source or a natural vibration using dynamic elastography. In recent years, deep learning has begun to emerge in ultrasound elastography research. In this review, several common deep learning frameworks in the computer vision community, such as multilayered perceptron, convolutional neural network, and recurrent neural network, are described. Then, recent advances in ultrasound elastography using such deep learning techniques are revisited in terms of algorithm development and clinical diagnosis. Finally, the current challenges and future developments of deep learning in ultrasound elastography are prospected.
Endometrial glycogen metabolism during early pregnancy in mice
Authors: Chen Ziting , Sandoval Kassandra , Dean Matthew 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGlucose is critical during early pregnancy. The uterus can store glucose as glycogen but uterine glycogen metabolism is poorly understood. This study analyzed glycogen storage and localization of glycogen metabolizing enzymes from proestrus until implantation in the murine uterus. Quantification of diastase‐labile periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) staining showed glycogen in the glandular epithelium decreased 71.4% at 1.5 days postcoitum (DPC) and 62.13% at DPC 3.5 compared to proestrus. In the luminal epithelium, glycogen was the highest at proestrus, decreased 46.2% at DPC 1.5 and 63.2% at DPC 3.5. Immunostaining showed that before implantation, glycogen metabolizing enzymes were primarily localized to the glandular and luminal epithelium. Stromal glycogen was low from proestrus to DPC 3.5. However, at the DPC 5.5 implantation sites, stromal glycogen levels increased sevenfold. Similarly, artificial decidualization resulted in a fivefold increase in glycogen levels. In both models, decidualization increased expression of glycogen synthase as determine by immunohistochemistry and western blot. In conclusion, glycogen levels decreased in the uterine epithelium before implantation, indicating that it could be used to support preimplantation embryos. Decidualization resulted in a dramatic increase in stromal glycogen levels, suggesting it may have an important, but yet undefined, role in pregnancy.