bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface and Defect Engineering Coupling of Halide Double Perovskite Cs2NaBiCl6 for Efficient CO2 Photoreduction
Authors: Pi Jiacheng , Jia Xiaofang , Long Zhangwen , Yang Shuai , Wu Hao , Zhou Dacheng , Wang Qi , Zheng Huibin , Yang Yong , Zhang Junying , Qiu Jianbei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNon‐toxic halide double perovskite materials have many advantages of lead halide perovskite. Whereas, they usually exhibit poor stability and very low intrinsic photocatalytic CO2 reduction activity due to the insufficient separation of photogenerated charges and the lack of active sites. In this work, stable chlorine‐deficient 3D hierarchical Cs2NaBiCl6 porous microspheres assembled by highly crystalline nanoflakes were prepared by a simple grinding method. An unprecedented CO yield of 30.22 µmol g−1 h−1 was achieved in the gas‐solid photocatalytic reduction of CO2 without sacrificial agents, which is the highest value among lead‐free halide perovskite photocatalysts. Experimental results and density‐functional theory calculations show that the chlorine vacancy plays the triple role of suppressing photogenerated electron‐holes recombination, enhancing CO2 adsorption, and significantly reducing the free energy barrier for the key intermediate COOH* generation. In comparison with the pristine Cs2NaBiCl6, coupling of surface and defect engineering of the hierarchical sample brings 12.34 times enhancement of CO2 photoreduction activity. This work proposes a simple method to synthesize a chlorine‐vacancy rich 3D hierarchical lead‐free halide perovskite and offers a new design idea to substantially enhance the photocatalytic activity, opening a door for the prospective contribution of these materials to carbon neutralization.
Influence of antidepressant treatment on SLC6A4 methylation in Korean patients with major depression
Authors: Moon Young Kyung , Kim Hyeseung , Kim Seonwoo , Lim Shinn‐Won , Kim Doh Kwan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGenetic variation of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) has been suggested as potential mediator for antidepressant response in patients with depression. This study aimed to determine whether DNA methylation in SLC6A4 changes after antidepressant treatment and whether it affects treatment response in patients with depression. Overall, 221 Korean patients with depression completed 6 weeks of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) monotherapy. DNA was extracted from venous blood pre‐ and post‐treatment, and DNA methylation was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction. We used Wilcoxon's signed‐rank test to verify the difference in methylation after treatment. Treatment response was assessed using the 17‐item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and mRNA levels were quantified.After adjusting for relevant covariates, DNA methylation was significantly altered in specific CpG sites in SLC6A4 (p < .001 in CpG3, CpG4, and CpG5) following 6 weeks of treatment. Methylation change's magnitude (ΔDNA methylation) after drug treatment was not associated with treatment response or mRNA level change. SSRI antidepressants can influence SLC6A4 methylation in patients with depression. However, ΔDNA methylation at CpG3, CpG4, and CpG5 in SLC6A4 was not associated with treatment response. Future studies should investigate the integrative effect of other genetic variants and CpG methylation on gene transcription and antidepressant treatment response.
Chimpanzee pant‐hoots encode individual information more reliably than group differences
Authors: Desai Nisarg P. , Fedurek Pawel , Slocombe Katie E. , Wilson Michael L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractVocal learning, the ability to modify the acoustic structure of vocalizations based on social experience, is a fundamental feature of speech in humans (Homo sapiens). While vocal learning is common in taxa such as songbirds and whales, the vocal learning capacities of nonhuman primates appear more limited. Intriguingly, evidence for vocal learning has been reported in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), for example, in the form of regional variation (“dialects”) in the “pant‐hoot” calls. This suggests that some capacity for vocal learning may be an ancient feature of the Pan‐Homo clade. Nonetheless, reported differences have been subtle, with intercommunity variation representing only a small portion of the total acoustic variation. To gain further insights into the extent of regional variation in chimpanzee vocalizations, we performed an analysis of pant‐hoots from chimpanzees in the neighboring Kasekela and Mitumba communities at Gombe National Park, Tanzania, and the geographically distant Kanyawara community at Kibale National Park, Uganda. We did not find any statistically significant differences between the neighboring communities at Gombe or among geographically distant communities. Furthermore, we found differences among individuals in all communities. Hence, the variation in chimpanzee pant‐hoots reflected individual differences, rather than group differences. Thus, we did not find evidence of dialects in this population, suggesting that extensive vocal learning emerged only after the lineages of Homo and Pan diverged.
Phase 1 Evaluation of Elezanumab (Anti–Repulsive Guidance Molecule A Monoclonal Antibody) in Healthy and Multiple Sclerosis Participants
Authors: Kalluri Hari V. , Rosebraugh Matthew R. , Misko Thomas P. , Ziemann Adam , Liu Wei , Cree Bruce A. C. 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to describe the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity of elezanumab (ABT‐555), a fully human monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against repulsive guidance molecule A (RGMa), in healthy and multiple sclerosis (MS) study participants.MethodsThe single‐center, first‐in‐human, single ascending dose (SAD) study evaluated elezanumab (50–1,600mg intravenous [IV] and 150mg subcutaneous) in 47 healthy men and women. The multicenter multiple ascending dose (MAD; NCT02601885) study evaluated elezanumab (150mg, 600mg, and 1,800mg) in 20 adult men and women with MS, receiving either maintenance or no immunomodulatory treatment.ResultsNo pattern of study drug‐related adverse events was identified for either the SAD or MAD elezanumab regimens. Across both studies, the Tmax occurred within 4 hours of elezanumab IV infusion, and the harmonic mean of t1/2 ranged between 18.6 and 67.7 days. Following multiple dosing, elezanumab Cmax, area under the curve, and Ctrough increased dose‐proportionally and resulted in dose‐dependent increases in elezanumab cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations. Elezanumab CSF penetration was 0.1% to 0.4% across both studies, with CSF levels of free RGMa decreased by >40%. Changes in CSF interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) and free RGMa demonstrated dose/exposure‐dependence.InterpretationThe elezanumab pharmacokinetic profile supports monthly, or bimonthly, administration of up to 1,800mg with the option of a loading dose of 3,600mg. Elezanumab partitioning into CSF is within the range expected for mAbs. Reduced CSF levels of free RGMa demonstrate central nervous system target binding of elezanumab with an apparent maximal effect at 1,800mg IV. Exposure‐associated increases in CSF IL‐10, an anti‐inflammatory cytokine with neuroprotective/neurorestorative properties, support potential pathway modulation in MS participants. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:285–296
New Insights into Physical Aging‐Induced Structure Evolution in Carbon Molecular Sieve Membranes
Authors: Liu Zhongyun , Qiu Wulin , Koros William J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCarbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes offer the best available combination of scalable economical processability with excellent separation performance. Physical aging of CMS membranes causes pore structure changes over time that affect CMS membrane performance. To provide fundamental insights into the structure evolution in CMS membranes during physical aging, a combined dual‐mode sorption and transport model is used in this study to characterize the diffusion coefficients of gas molecules in fresh and 7‐day vacuum aged CMS membranes. The results show physical aging of CMS membrane is primarily “diffusion related” and such aging behavior simultaneously causes ultramicropore changes in the continuous phase and Langmuir phase of CMS membrane. The new insights offered in this study suggest strategies to control the physical aging of CMS membranes and even use it as a valuable tool to tune the separation performance of CMS membranes for demanding gas separations.
The Continuum Between Hexagonal Planar and Trigonal Planar Geometries**
Authors: Garçon Martí , Phanopoulos Andreas , Sackman George A. , Richardson Christopher , White Andrew J. P. , Cooper Richard I. , Edwards Alison J. , Crimmin Mark R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNew heterometallic hydride complexes that involve the addition of {Mg−H} and {Zn−H} bonds to group 10 transition metals (Pd, Pt) are reported. The side‐on coordination of a single {Mg−H} to Pd forms a well‐defined σ‐complex. In contrast, addition of three {Mg−H} or {Zn−H} bonds to Pd or Pt results in the formation of planar complexes with subtly different geometries. We compare their structures through experiment (X‐ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, multinuclear NMR), computational methods (DFT, QTAIM, NCIPlot), and theoretical analysis (MO diagram, Walsh diagram). These species can be described as snapshots along a continuum of bonding between ideal trigonal planar and hexagonal planar geometries.
Electroacupuncture modulates gut microbiota in mice: A potential target in postoperative cognitive dysfunction
Authors: Zhu Binbin , Zhou Yanling , Zhou Weijian , Chen Chunqu , Wang Jianhua , Xu Shujun , Wang Qinwen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe detailed mechanism of inflammation in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is unclear. This study aimed to determine whether electroacupuncture (EA) ameliorates POCD by modulating gut microbial dysbiosis. Compared to the control group, mice in the EA group were treated at the acupoints Zusanli (ST36), Quchi (L111), Baihui (GV20), and Dazhui (GV14) 1 week before appendectomy. Novel object recognition and the Morris water maze tests were used to assess learning and spatial reference memory deficits, whereas hippocampus samples and stool samples were collected for central inflammatory tests and 16S‐rRNA sequencing of intestinal flora, respectively. In amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) mice, EA enhanced spatial memory and learning deficits. The fecal microbial community was altered in APP/PS1 mice in the absence of EA following surgery. Among them, Coprococcus and Bacteroidetes were more abundant in the EA groups than in the control groups; however, Actinobacteriota, Helicobacteraceae, and Escherichia/shigella constitute the minor bacterial colonization in the EA groups. Furthermore, we found a significant negative correlation between Firmicutes and escape latency (Pearson correlation coefficient − 0.551, p < 0.01) and positive correlation between Proteobacteria and escape latency (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.462, p < 0.05). Electron microscopy revealed signs of blood–brain barrier (BBB) impairments and immunofluorescence images showed glial cells activated in the hippocampus of APP/PS mice without EA, and serum diamine oxidase levels were increased in these mice; whereas EA treatment significantly relieved the above pathological changes. Our findings implied that EA decreases hippocampal inflammation of APP/PS1 by upregulating benificial gut microbiota, reducing BBB and intestinal barrier dysfunction, thus alleviates postoperative cognitive dysfunction. This may provide a novel target in POCD management.
Accelerated Discovery of Ternary Gold Alloy Materials with Low Resistivity via an Interpretable Machine Learning Strategy
Authors: Wang Xiangdong , Lu Tian , Zhou Wenyan , Ji Xiaobo , Lu Wencong , Yang Jiong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNew ternary gold alloys with low resistivities (ρ) were screened out via an interpretable machine learning strategy by using the support vector regression (SVR) model integrated with SHAP analysis. The correlation coefficient (R) and the root mean square error (RMSE) of test set were 0.876 and 0.302, respectively, indicating the strong generalization ability of the model. The average ρ of top 10 candidates was 1.22×10−7 Ω m, which was 41% lower than the known minimum of 2.08×10−7 Ω m. The outputs of SVR model were analyzed with the critical SHAP values including first ionization energy of C‐site (584 kJ ⋅ mol−1), electronegativity of C‐site (1.72) and the second ionization energy of B‐site (1135 kJ ⋅ mol−1), respectively. Moreover, an online web server was developed to share the model at http://materials‐data‐mining.com/onlineservers/wxdaualloy.
Multiple subtypes of coxsackievirus group B can cause congenital heart disease
Authors: Sharma Vipul , Goessling Lisa S. , Brar Anoop K. , Eghtesady Pirooz 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundDifferent serotypes of coxsackievirus B (CVB), which is the most common cause of viral myocarditis, target cardiomyocytes through Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor and Decay‐Accelerating Factor. Both receptors are expressed in the fetal heart. We hypothesized that infection with different serotypes of CVB during early pregnancy plays a role in pathogenesis of congenital heart defect (CHD).MethodsIn this study, we use a murine model to infect with CVB1, CVB4, and combination of CVB3 + CVB4 during a critical period in gestation. We examined offspring of pregnant mice for fetal death and heart defects following viral infection.ResultFetuses from uninfected control dams showed normal heart development, while maternal CVB infection precipitates CHD: majorly ventricular septal defects (VSD) and non‐compaction of ventricular myocardium (NC), with some infrequent cases of double outlet right ventricle, left ventricle wall rupture, right ventricle hypertrophy, and thickened/dysplastic semilunar valves. Infection of pregnant dams with CVB1 leads to 44% VSD and 41.2% NC cases, while with CVB4 leads to 31.7% VSD and 13.3% NC cases. Co‐infection with CVB3 + CVB4 increases fetal pathology to 51.3% VSD and 41% NC cases. Infection can also result in fetal death, with higher incidences with CVB3 + CVB4 with 46.2% cases, compared to 33.3% by CVB1 and 21.7% by CVB4. Male fetuses were more susceptible to all phenotypes.ConclusionOur report shows that prenatal CVB infections can lead to pathogenesis of certain heart defects in mouse model, particularly exacerbated with co‐infections. This data confirms a link between prenatal CVB infection and CHD development and highlights it is not unique to just one serotype of CVB.
Antihyperlipidemic Activity of Glycoconjugated Phthalimides in Mice Submitted to a Model of Dyslipidemia and Insulin Resistance
Authors: da Silva Júnior José Guedes , de Araújo Hallysson Douglas Andrade , da Rocha Ismael Gomes , da Silva Neto Jacinto Costa , Oliveira Ronaldo Nascimento , de Oliveira Assis Shalom Pôrto , de Menezes Lima Vera Lúcia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlterations in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism are factors that trigger several negative metabolic complications. Hyperlipidemia is the starting point for the development of comorbidities of the cardiovascular system, such as atherosclerosis. The search for compounds that reduce high levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides has been widely reported in several publications in the literature. Phthalimide derivatives have been extensively researched with various biological actions. In this study we evaluated the antihyperlipidemic ability of three phthalimide derivatives (FGT‐2, FGT‐3 and FGT‐4) on a model of obesity and insulin resistance in mice. The animals were submitted to a hyperlipid diet for 60 days. On the thirtieth day they were treated with phthalimides (20 mg/kg). The positive control group was treated with Simvastatin (20 mg/kg) and the negative control received only the carboxymethylcellulose vehicle. Biochemical and histological analyzes of all groups were analyzed. The animals treated with phthalimidic derivatives had a reduction in total cholesterol, low density and very low density lipoproteins (LDL‐c and VLDL‐c), triglycerides and fasting glycemia when compared to the negative control group. The treated animals also showed good results when analyzing the atherogenic indexes Castelli i and II and the ratio Triglycerides/HDL‐c. In the oral glucose tolerance test and in the insulin tolerance test, animals treated with phthalimides were more sensitive to the action of the hormone regulating carbohydrate uptake. In the evaluation of the transaminases (AST/ALT), the animals of the group treated with phthalimides presented a lower elevation than the other groups of the experiment, the same observed with the uric acid evaluation. Histological analyzes were performed on liver, kidney, heart and pancreas samples. The groups treated with the compounds FGT‐2 and FGT3 presented discrete alterations in the liver and kidney. FGT‐4 did not present histological alterations for both tissues and the three phthalimide derivatives did not cause alterations in the other organs. These results suggest that the phthalimides tested can act as antihyperlipidemic agents and have a pleiotropic action, by acting also reducing glycemia in insulin resistance model mimicking diabetes mellitus type 2. These compounds may appear as a new approach in the treatment of obesity and complications, which are multifaceted.
Application Areas of Ionic Hydraulic Fluids
Authors: Lovrec Darko , Kalb Roland , Tič Vito 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIonic liquids, as high‐tech technical fluids, have been in practical application in various fields of technology for several years. The search for ionic liquids suitable for use within hydraulic systems, as another new very important field of technology, has taken more than a decade. The development included the identification of material properties important for usage as a hydraulic fluid, an extensive preselection process and laboratory testing of suitable ionic liquids, as well as long‐term testing using real hydraulic components under real operating conditions. Based on the findings, potential areas of industrial application of ionic liquids as hydraulic fluids are presented, which arise from their extraordinary physicochemical properties.
Chemoselective Coupling of π‐Systems to Access Metallated 1,4‐ or 1,5‐Skipped Dienes in Multicomponent Reactions
Authors: Pradhan Tapas R. , Kyoon Park Jin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntegrating distinct unsaturated C−C systems while simultaneously installing metallic groups has been significantly challenging to execute in a multicomponent reaction. Therefore, designing a suitable mechanistic pathway that provides the required reactivity and selectivity for target C−C bonds with metallic reagents to ensure successful coupling is the key to success. Copper‐catalyzed borylallylation and silylallylation have emerged as the most efficient strategies for assembling borylated/silylated skipped (1,4 or 1,5) dienes by catalytically combining an organocopper intermediate with allyl electrophiles. However, reactions involving interelemental reagents (e. g., [Si]−[B]) to accomplish intermolecular atom‐economic couplings have not been studied thoroughly. Therefore, to aid the development of new transformations in this research area, this article attempts to include all precedents, including recent studies by the authors. The present Concept article may be helpful for researchers working in this area as it provides a basic conceptual framework.
Enrollment of adolescent and young adult patients newly diagnosed with cancer in NCI CTEP‐sponsored clinical trials before and after launch of the NCI National Clinical Trials Network
Authors: Sankaran Hari , Finnigan Shanda R. , McShane Lisa M. , Best Ana F. , Seibel Nita L. 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundParticipation of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) in oncology clinical trials is important to ensure adequate opportunities for AYA patients to contribute to, and benefit from, advances in cancer treatment.MethodsAccrual data for National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP) cooperative group‐led treatment trials were examined to assess enrollment of newly diagnosed AYA patients (15–39 years) during the period 2004–2019, with particular interest in comparing enrollment before launch of the NCI National Clinical Trials Network (NCTN) to after. All phase 2, 2/3, and 3 trials activated during the period between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2019, were identified (n = 1568) and reduced to a set of 304 that met predetermined criteria to focus on cooperative group‐led trials that involved therapy for newly diagnosed cancer and had age eligibility overlapping the AYA range. The proportion of AYA patients relative to total accrual, along with 95% bootstrapped CI was calculated for patients enrolled pre‐NCTN and post‐NCTN.ResultsAYA accrual comprised 9.5% (95% CI, 7.6–11.8) pre‐NCTN compared with 14.0% (95% CI, 9.9–18.3) post‐NCTN. The mean difference in proportions post‐NCTN compared with pre‐NCTN was 4.4% (0.7%–8.3%).ConclusionsThese results indicate an increase in AYA participation in trials conducted within the NCTN relative to the pre‐NCTN period. This suggests an awareness and utilization of NCTN trials for AYAs with cancer.
A four‐coil structure wireless power transfer system with constant current and constant voltage charging: Analysis, design, and experiment
Authors: Yang Lin , Yu Xinyuan , Shi Yanyan , Wang Meng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWireless power transfer (WPT) technology can transmit power through high‐frequency magnetic fields, which is safer and more flexible than conventional conductive charging method. The WPT systems for charging lithium batteries need to meet the charging function of first constant current (CC) and then constant voltage (CV). In addition, to avoid reactive power loss, the input impedance of the system is preferably purely resistive, that is, to meet the zero phase angle (ZPA) condition. In view of the above problems, this paper proposes a four‐coil structure WPT system based on dual‐frequency switching method to realize load‐independent CC and CV charging outputs at two fixed ZPA frequency points, respectively. It is worth noting that there is only one compensation capacitor on the receiving side, which ensures the compactness and portability of the receiving side of the WPT system. An experimental prototype with charging current of 2.2 A in CC mode and charging voltage of 28 V in CV mode is established to verify the correctness and practicality of the proposed four‐coil structure WPT system. The experimental results are basically in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.