bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayed presentation of an Intra-orbital foreign body: A case report
Authors: Pandit Kamal , Wagle Bivek , Poudel Arika , Shrestha Gulshan Bahadur , Joshi Sagun Narayan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
PurposeTo report a case of an intra-orbital wooden foreign body that remained asymptomatic for the initial eight months following a traumatic event.ObservationA 33-year-old male presented with sudden onset right lower lid swelling and tearing. He was initially tolerating the symptoms, however, it got progressively worse, so he came two weeks after the initiation of symptoms. His eye vitals were within normal limit, including the visual acuity of 6/6 OU. Additionally, slit lamp and fundus examinations were benign. Concern was for infectious etiology with unclear source. After a lengthy conversation, he recalled falling on the ground with face down about eight months ago. However, he stated that he had remained asymptomatic and never went for treatment after the incident. Non-contrast CT of head and orbit showed hyperdense tract in medial aspect of right eye adjacent to the globe, piercing across the bilateral ethmoidal sinuses. Thus, a diagnosis of retained IOrbFB was made. He underwent surgery where a 5cm rotten wood was extracted. Post-surgical course was uncomplicated.ConclusionNot all penetrating intra-orbital foreign bodies present immediately after the incident. In our case the patient remained asymptomatic for eight months. Therefore, when dealing with an ocular infection of unclear source, clinicians should ask about distant histories of ocular or facial injuries to assess intraocular foreign bodies.
Renomegaly and Acute Kidney Injury as Primary Manifestations of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: A Report of Three Cases
Authors: Bai Yu , Zheng Yuanyuan , Zhang Qidong , Jiang Qun , Diao Zongli , Guo Wang , Liu Sha , Liu Wenhu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: In adults with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, renal enlargement and acute kidney injury occur infrequently at first presentation, especially in T lymphocytic lymphomas.Case presentation: We report three cases of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma with acute renal injury and bilateral renal enlargement. At diagnosis, one patient presented with an adrenal mass, one patient's lymph node biopsy was consistent with a renal biopsy, and one patient had primary renal lymphoma with no extrarenal disease. Assessment of renal pathology in Case 2 and Case 3 showed interstitial lymphocyte infiltration; the pathological types were non-Hodgkin's diffuse large B lymphoma originating from activated B cells outside germinal centers and non-Hodgkin's T-lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia, respectively. Case 1 did not receive anti-lymphoma therapy and died from infection and multiple organ failure within 1 month of hospitalization. Case 2 received eight courses of R-CHOP; her lymphoma recurred 2 years after diagnosis and she died from severe pulmonary infection 3 years after diagnosis. Case 3 received hyper-CVAD regularly and achieved stable renal function; this patient remains under follow-up.Conclusions: Renal lymphoma may have diverse manifestations, especially primary renal lymphoma without extrarenal involvement. Nephrologists should pay careful attention to these manifestations to ensure accurate diagnosis.
The Missense Mutation In ARSA Gene Causes The Juvenile Form Of MLD
Authors: Barboura Ilhem , Reguez Safa , Soyah Najla , sahli Chaima Abdelhfid , Chkioua Latifa 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD; MIM 250100), is one of the rare lysosomal storage diseases that is due to autosomal recessive inheritance and that causes the deficiency of arylsulfatase A (ARSA) leading to accumulation of sulfatides. The Metachromatic leukodystrophy is caracterizied by the severe neurodegenerative impairment. Case presentation: In this study, we provide a case report of an 6-year-girel Tunisia who presented with low level of ARSA activity, the difficulty in walking, distability of sitting, eating and swallowing. Furthermore she had epileptic seizures, optic atrophy and spasticity.Her genetic testing showed a homozygous missense mutation p.R311Q, in the ARSA gene. Brain magnetic resonance imaging reveals a T1 hypointensity and diffuse T2 and FLAIR hyperintensity signal in the periventricular white matter with preservation of subcortical fibers, consistent with a demyelinating disease.
Penetrating aortic ulcer with intramural hematoma concealed in thoracic aortic mural thrombus
Authors: Li Gen , Hou Ningxin , Xiong Sizheng , Li Jun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: aortic mural thrombus (AMT) is a relatively rare condition characterized mostly by thrombosis symptoms, while penetrating ulceration with intramural hematoma carries the greatest risk of rupture and is often life-threatening. When they occur together, the situation can become extremely complex and variable. This case is an important cautionary tale for clinical practice by reminding clinicians that it should be alert to other fatal lesions hidden in the diagnosis of initial aortic mural thrombus diagnosis.Case presentation: a 70-year-old man presented to the emergency department with acute chest pain for four days. His urgent Computed tomography angiography (CTA) report suggested an aortic mural thrombus with pleural effusion. But in fact, a trap of penetrating ulceration with intramural hematoma was hidden in AMT. Eventually, the patient died due to the rupture of the aortic ulcer which was not detected in time. Conclusions: this special and rare case shows us that the penetrating aortic ulcer lesion with intramural hematoma may be concealed in thoracic aortic mural thrombus and we tend to miss the diagnosis of it.
A Case of Recurrent COVID-19 Co-infected with Plasmodium Falciparum and the SARS-CoV-2 IgG May be an Indicator for the Discharge Criteria for the Recurrent COVID-19
Authors: Xu Aifang , Zuo Zhongbao , Yan Jun , Wang Miaochan , Wu Jing , Zhang Yan , Jin Yujiao , Li Zhaoyi , Huang Jinsong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundDue to the similar symptoms between COVID-19 and malaria, it’s difficult to identify the differences between them. We firstly report a patient of recurrent COVID-19 and Plasmodium falciparum co-infection. Case presentationShe was confirmed with COVID-19 95 days ago. The laboratory tests showed she had high inflammation results. The SARS-CoV-2 IgG was positive, but the IgM was negative. A rapid serum detection for malaria was finished and found with Plasmodium falciparum. The patient received levofloxacin for anti-infection，and Dihydroartemisinin piperaquine was to clear the parasite. A combined of Lopinavir (LPV), Arbidol Hydrochloride Granules (AHG), and Recombinant Human interferon a2b atomization inhalation (IAI) was used to treat COVID-19. ConclusionUnder the pandemic time of COVID-19, it is best to do a combined test for the COVID-19 and other tropical diseases, which could be better for us to early diagnosis and early treatment. To a recurrent COVID-19 patient, we believe that the level of SARS-CoV-2 IgG in convalescent stage is 4 times or more than that in acute stage is a good sign for discharge.
Nutritional therapy for critical coronavirus disease 2019 patients: a case report
Authors: Wang Min , Zhang Zeyu , Fu Shanbin , Huang Fuli , Lei Xianying , Li Min , Zhang Caifeng , Wang Ying , Xiao Shuzhen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: An ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading, there are few reports on exploring individualized nutritional therapy for critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.Case presentation:To explore individualized nutritional therapy for critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.A nutritional treatment plan was created through nutritional risk screening and nutritional assessment, and an individualized nutritional treatment was implemented through multidisciplinary collaboration. The patient’s gastrointestinal symptoms were corrected, and her nutrition-related indicators such as albumin and body weight were improved. She was cured and discharged.Conclusion: Nutritional therapy is beneficial to improve the nutritional status and clinical outcome of critical COVID- 19 patients.
Optimization of the production process for the anticancer lead compound illudin M II. Process development in stirred tank bioreactors
Authors: Chaverra-Muñoz Lillibeth , Hüttel Stephan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The fungal natural products illudin S and M have been investigated as precursors for the development of semisynthetic anticancer agents such as Irofulven (illudin S derivative) which is currently in phase II clinical trials. Recently, illudin M derivatives have shown in vitro improved selectivity towards cancer cells encouraging further investigations. This requires a stable supply of the precursor which is produced by Basidiomycota of the genus Omphalotus. We have recently developed a stable process for the production of gram quantities of illudin M from Omphalotus nidiformis in shake flasks, but transferring such findings into stirred tank bioreactors - which can be used in a commercial production set-up - is often not straightforward and is particularly challenging when the producer can undergo morphological changes. There are only few reports addressing bioprocess development for production of compounds from Basidiomycota since these organisms have been underexplored i.a because they have complex life cycles and many of them are difficult to cultivate under laboratory conditions.Results: The recently developed shake flask process yielding stable titers of ~940 mg L-1 of illudin M was evaluated using off-gas analysis, and critical parameters were identified to facilitate the transfer from shaken into stirred tank bioreactors. The process was adapted in 2 L stirred tank bioreactors (1.5 L working volume) by controlling growth of biomass with a carefully timed pH-shift combined with an improved precursor-feeding strategy. This resulted in comparable titers as in shake flasks. A scale-up experiment in a 15 L bioreactor (10 L working volume), resembling the process at 1.5 L resulted in illudin M >500 mg L-1 and will be the starting point for optimization of the identified parameters at that scale.Conclusion: By identifying and controlling key process parameters, the production process for illudin M was transferred from shake flasks into stirred tank bioreactors reaching comparable titers (> 900 mg L-1) which is significantly higher than any previously reported yield. The established bioprocess at bench-scale (~500 mg L-1) paves the way towards further scale-up studies that will enable industrial supply of illudin M to support preclinical and clinical development programs.
Polarization transformation and destructive interference on subwavelength magnetic domains in magneto-plasmonic systems
Authors: Yamane Haruki , Yanase Satoshi , Hasegawa Takashi , Kobayashi Masanobu , Yasukawa Yukiko 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We demonstrate magneto-optical (MO) polarization transformation due to surface plasmons in CoPt perpendicular magnetic films in the polar Kerr geometry. An extraordinary Kerr rotation angle (±88.9°) that almost reaches the upper limit of polarization is produced in the attenuated total reflection (Kretschmann) configuration. P-polarized incident radiation is almost transformed upon reflection to s-polarized radiation, which may be out of phase depending on whether the magnetization of CoPt is up or down. Moreover, the reflected intensity may be drastically modulated by applying an external magnetic field. The reflectivity goes almost to zero in the demagnetized state and increases with increasing external magnetic field. This drastic optical response is attributed to the MO destructive interference produced by the subwavelength magnetic domain structure.
Soil microbial community composition and tolerance to contaminants in an urban brownfield site
Authors: Mejia Maura Palacios , Rojas Connie , Curd Emily , Renshaw Mark , Edalati Kiumars , Shih Beverly , Vincent Nitin , Lin Meixi , Nguyen Peggy , Wayne Robert , Jessup Kelsey , Parker Sophie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Brownfields are unused sites that likely contain hazardous substances due to previous commercial or industrial use. These sites are a priority for remediation and redevelopment because of the risk to humans, flora, and fauna. Bioremediation of brownfield sites can be facilitated by in situ microbial communities, but little research exists that characterizes microbial communities at these sites or understands which microbial taxa may play a role in successful bioremediation at Brownfields. We sequence three gene markers (16S ribosomal RNA, 18S ribosomal RNA and Fungal Internal Transcribed Spacer) in 36 soil samples collected at five depths from a defunct urban rail yard in Los Angeles to: (1) profile the composition of the soil microbiome across depths; (2) determine the extent to which hazardous chemicals predict microbiome variation; and (3) identify microbial taxonomic groups that may metabolize these contaminants. Detected contaminants in the samples include heavy metals, petroleum hydrocarbons, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Bacterial, eukaryotic, and fungal communities all varied with depth and with concentrations of arsenic, chromium, cobalt, and lead. 18S rRNA microbiome richness was positively correlated with cobalt and lead concentrations. Furthermore, bacterial Paenibacillus and Iamia, eukaryotic Actinochloris, and fungal Alternaria were enriched in contaminated soils compared to uncontaminated soils and were identified as taxa of interest for future bioremediation trials. Based on our results, we recommend the use of test plots that combine in situ native microorganisms and plant-associated mycorrhizae to determine bioremediation potential. We also recommend incorporating DNA-based microbial community profiling in brownfield site assessment and cleanup monitoring.
Nitric oxide biosensor uncovers diminished ferrous iron-dependency of cultured cells adapted to physiological oxygen levels
Authors: Sevimli Gulsah , Smith Matthew , Caglar Tuba Akgul , Bilir Şükriye , Secilmis Melike , Altun Hamza , Yigit Esra , Yang Fan , Malli Roland , Öztürk Gürkan , Mann Giovanni , Eroglu Emrah 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Iron is an essential metal for cellular metabolism and signaling, but it has adverse effects in excess. The physiological consequences of iron deficiency are well established, yet the relationship between iron supplementation and pericellular oxygen levels in cultured cells and their downstream effects on metalloproteins has been less explored. This study investigates the functionality of geNOps - an iron-containing metalloprotein and NO biosensor - in cultured HEK293T epithelial and EA.hy926 endothelial cells adapted to standard room air (18 kPa O2) or physiological normoxia (5 kPa O2). We show that cells in culture require iron supplementation to activate the metalloprotein geNOps and demonstrate that cells adapted to physiological normoxia require significantly lower iron to achieve geNOps signals comparable to those measured in cells adapted to hyperoxia. This study establishes an essential role for recapitulating oxygen levels in vivo and uncovers a previously unrecognized requirement for ferrous iron supplementation under standard cell culture conditions to achieve geNOps functionality.
Phytotelm to assess bacterial multi-resistance to the antibiotics in a deep tropical forest
Authors: Sanchez-Vargas Stephanny , Vargas-Jiménez Paula , Vega-Corrales Luis , Pérez-Molina Junior Pastor 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Paradoxically, the use of antibiotics has resulted in the proliferation of resistant microorganisms in environments where they were not thought to be likely to appear. In this context, this research aimed to evaluate the phytotelmata as a matrix to detect the presence of bacterial strains with antibiotic resistance in the deep understory of tropical cloud forest and in a nearby rural town. The study was carried out in the Santa Elena Cloud Forest Reserve and the urban zone of the Santa Elena town, only 10 km. A compounded sample of phytotelm water was collected from 10—15 bromeliads and heliconia plants by site. Gram-negative bacterial strains found were evaluated to antibiotic susceptibility tests (13 antibiotics). In both sites, five strains presented multi-resistance to more than three antibiotics. Overall, antibiotics possessing cell wall synthesis inhibitor mechanisms were the most common with resistance for both sites followed by those acting as protein synthesis inhibitors. NMDS and PERMANOVA revealed that both environments had a similar response to antibiotic resistance (P > 0.05). The detection of bacterial multi-resistance to antibiotics in understory phytotelm water could become a quick tool to determine the degree of exposure of natural ecosystems to anthropogenic effects. This research opens the discussion of the potential dangers of the appearance of bacterial antibiotic multi-resistance in natural ecosystems, whose future impact is uncertain.
The Relationship between Perceived Stress and Overall Well-being during the COVID-19 epidemic: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Yang Minqi , Guo Hanxiao , Jie Chen , Guo Xicheng , Tian Kexin , Qu Chunyu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective: To explore the relationship between perceived stress and well-being of Chinese people and the mechanism underlying the association during the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods: An online survey was conducted in the general population to (N = 498) using the Chinese Perceived Stress Scale, General Well-Being Schedule, Short Dark Triad, and Safety Questionnaire. Results: (a) perceived stress was significantly negatively correlated with overall well-being and sense of security, (b) sense of security played a partial mediating role between perceived stress and overall well-being, (c) the Dark Triad played a moderation role in the path from perceived stress to sense of security. These results provide insight into the subjective well-being and underlying psychological processes associated with the perceived stress. The implication of these findings were interpreted and discussed.
A Real-Time Location System Design for Production Facilities Working under COVID-19 Pandemic Precautions
Authors: Kır Sena 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
By reason of the COVID-19 pandemic, essential digital transformations are taking place in many areas of business life. Although the most important one of these transformations is due to the widespread use of the remote working model, the production sector does not have the opportunity to switch to such a model completely. Therefore, it is inevitable to maintain social distance to prevent the spread of COVID-19 while working in production facilities. In this study, a real-time location system (RTLS) model is proposed to keep track of social distance in production facilities and to ensure occupational health safety (OHS) at the same time. Since the social distance rule is essential for every production facility, the most important feature of the proposed system is that it can easily be integrated into the standard personnel tracking system in almost every enterprise. Besides, the proposed RTLS is designed as an efficient system based on ultra-wideband and radio-frequency identification, which can operate as a closed-loop monitoring system within itself. An adequately installed RTLS can monitor the position of employees in real-time and provides to intervene in the situation instantly when necessary. In case of a violation of social distance or a situation against OHS, it can be prevented instantly by the proposed system. It is also a useful model in the management of emergencies.
Effects of Reduced Gag Cleavage Efficiency on HIV-1 Gag-Pol Package
Authors: Lin Yi-Ru , Chu Shih-Ming , Yu Fu-Hsien , Huang Kuo-Jung , Wang Chin-Tien 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
HIV-1 pol, which encodes enzymes required for virus replication, is initially translated as a Gag-Pol fusion protein. Gag-Pol is incorporated into virions via interactions with Gag precursor Pr55gag. Protease (PR) embedded in Gag-Pol mediates the proteolytic processing of both Pr55gag and Gag-Pol during or soon after virus particle release from cells. Since efficient Gag-Pol viral incorporation depends on interaction with Pr55gag via its N-terminal Gag domain, the prevention of premature Gag cleavage may alleviate Gag-Pol packaging deficiencies associated with cleavage enhancement from PR.
Results
We engineered PR cleavage-blocking Gag mutations with the potential to significantly reduce Gag processing efficiency. Such mutations may mitigate the negative effects of enhanced PR activation on virus assembly and Gag-Pol packaging due to an RT dimerization enhancer or leucine zipper dimerization motif. When co-expressed with Pr55gag, we noted that enhanced PR activation resulted in reduced Gag-Pol cis or trans incorporation into Pr55gag particles, regardless of whether or not Gag cleavage sites within Gag-Pol were blocked.
Conclusion
Our data suggest that the amount of HIV-1 Gag-Pol or Pol viral incorporation is largely dependent on virus particle production, and that cleavage blocking in the Gag-Pol N-terminal Gag domain does not exert significant impacts on Pol packaging.
The Mechanism of Cartilage Regeneration by Buffy Coat and the Pre-clinical Study
Authors: Song Guo , Gurung Kumar , Fu ShouYong , Jin GuangWen , Jin Longhao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAutologous bone marrow buffy coat transplantation possesses obvious advantages in the therapy of large cartilage defects and osteoarthritis. However, there is no definite research on the specific effective components of bone marrow buffy coat and its mechanism of cartilage regeneration. Moreover, as the crucial cartilage regenerative cell in bone marrow buffy coat, mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) are difficult to fix onto the damaged cartilage area without damaging the subchondral bone. We assessed the effect of using hyaluronic acid(HA) as a liquid scaffold mixed with autologous bone marrow buffy coat to fix cartilage defect.Methods and MaterialsWe extracted the bone marrow from the anterior superior iliac crest of the white New Zealand rabbit, centrifuged to obtain a buffy coat, and analyzed the components of buffy coat by ELISA. Buffy coat+HA group, MSC+HA group, MSC+TGF-β+HA group were cultured in vitro and observed by staining. In addition, we made damage to the femoral condyle of rabbits, and divided them into groups: HA group, buffy coat group, buffy coat with HA group. Each group was assessed for cartilage regeneration by visual observation, histological and immunohistochemical analysis at 4 weeks and 8 weeks, and biochemical analysis at 8 weeks postoperatively. One-way ANOVA and LSD were used for statistic analysis.ResultsBuffy coat have a variety of growth factors, inflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory factors that stimulate the MSCs’ regeneration. Buffy coat can differentiate into cartilage without TGF-β stimulation in vitro. The cartilage regeneration ability of buffy coat and buffy coat+HA is strong, and the combination of buffy coat and liquid scaffold HA can make cartilage formation ability more stable in vivo.ConclusionMSC, multiple growth factors and cytokines in buffy coat synergistically promote cartilage regeneration. Liquid scaffold HA enhances the effect of buffy coat on cartilage attachment and regeneration of cartilage defects.