bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extended Ulaanbaatar Procedure with Preputial Skin Graft for Proximal Hypospadias
Authors: Chatterjee Uday Sankar , Basak Dhananjay 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Two stage urethroplasty for proximal penile hypospadias is time consuming, expensive and; traumatic both for parents and phallus. On the other hand, single stage procedure technically demanding. We would like to describe Extended Ulaanbaatar Procedure (EUP) which is not a two stage procedure. Rather, might be called as 'extended single stage' procedure. In EUP we have done orthoplasty along with urethroplasty with preputial skin graft at same sitting as primary procedure keeping urination diverted through proximal hypospadiac meatus as “controlled fistula” which was closed after six months as secondary procedure.

Methods:
We operated on 35 patients of proximal penile hypospadias with moderate to severe chordee. Chordee was excised till correction of curvature. Two distracted cut ends of native plate was bridged with preputial skin graft (PSG) in between. Following that, silastic tube was placed over glandular plate as scaffold, on both cut ends of native plate and PSG. All the urethral plates and PSG were buried with tunica vaginalis flap before glanuloplasty. After six months, proximal “controlled fistula” was closed with scrotal dartos fascia and skin to join distal to proximal urethra.

Results:
Vertical meatus in glans was found in 32 patients. One patient had glans dehiscence, two patients had medium sized fistula, another two patients had stenosis in neourethra and six had suture track fistula. Twenty-nine patients had satisfactory curve with good flow in uroflowmetry as per nomogram at sixth month of follow up.

Conclusion:
In classic Ulaanbaatar procedure authors do distal urethroplasty and glanuloplsaty in 1st stage following orthoplasty to avoid repeat trauma in glans in repeat procedures. Left over urethroplasty in classic Ulaanbaatar was done in 2nd stage. However, in EUP; we did urethroplasty for full length following orthoplasty as primary procedure. This procedure is less invasive than two staged as we avoided repeat degloving and repeat dissection on operated tissues. Urethroplasty done as primary procedure shunned the need of repeat degloving, decreased the period of morbidity, stay, and cost of surgery. We also avoided problems of urination through not matured, long, neo-urethra. Similarly complications i.e disruption, stenosis in neo-urethra can be managed utilizing the advantages of urinary diversion.
A cross-sectional surveillance on healthcare-associated infections in a trauma centre in Eastern Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Seth Amartya , Das Arghya , Singh Ravindra , Banerjee Tuhina 
Published: November 2022

Objectives:
Surveillance of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) is extremely important for the implementation and monitoring of infection prevention and control (IPC) policies and practices in health-care organisations. This study led by a Phase 2 medical student researcher was performed to assess the burden of different HAIs in a type 1 trauma centre.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with a provisional diagnosis of HAI. Pretested and predesigned pro forma fulfilling the criteria for surveillance of HAIs from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-National Healthcare Safety Network was used to collect data. The microbiological culture reports were reviewed. The rates of different HAIs were calculated in Microsoft Excel 2010 based on standard definitions.

Results:
The rates of catheter-associated urinary tract infection and ventilator-associated event (VAE) were 1.19/1000 catheter days and 36.99/1000 ventilator days, respectively. The surgical site infection rate was 4.97/100 surgeries with the majority of infections noted after orthopaedic interventions.

Conclusions:
Among all HAIs, VAE rate, mostly due to Acinetobacter baumannii, was higher than the existing Indian estimate, requiring immediate attention on prevailing IPC practices. The involvement of medical student researchers could help in the generation of baseline data in resource-limited settings.
On hysteresis–reaction–diffusion systems: Singular fast-reaction limit derivation and nonlinear hysteresis feedback
Authors: Fellner Klemens , Münch Christian 
Published: November 2022

This paper concerns a general class of PDE–ODE reaction–diffusion systems, which
exhibits a singular fast-reaction limit towards a reaction–diffusion equation coupled to a scalar hysteresis operator.
As applicational motivation, we present a PDE model for the growth of a population according
to a given food supply, coupled to an ODE for the turnover of a food stock. Under realistic conditions
the stock turnover is much faster than the population growth, yielding an intrinsic scaling parameter.
We present two natural models of consume rate functions such that the dynamics for the food stock
converges to a generalised play operator in the associated fast-reaction limit. We emphasise that
the structural assumptions on the considered PDE–ODE models are quite general and that analogue
systems might describe e.g. cell-biological buffer mechanisms, where proteins are stored and used
at the same time.
Finally, we present a new kind of hysteresis–diffusion-driven instability behaviour caused by
the nonlinear coupling between a reaction–diffusion equation and a scalar generalised play operator.
We discuss in detail how this coupling with a generalised play operator can lead to spatially
inhomogeneous large-time behaviour or equilibration to a homogeneous state.
„Roušky s TULkou“: Věda a etika v liminalitě
Authors: Jetmarová Jana , Trčka Michal 
Published: November 2022

The text presents the results of a qualitative study focused on the issue of using nanomaterials in the extraordinary circumstances linked to the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly referring to the “Roušky s TULkou” initiative. Within several weeks, this initiative managed to launch the production of highly efficient nanofiber filters using the original AC Electrospinning technology on an industrial scale. The goal of the research was to analyse both the regional experience and the value-based challenges, conflicts and ethical dilemmas posed by an emergency situation. The theoretical starting points of the research were the Turnerian understanding of liminality, communitas and antistructure and Stenner’s concept of liminal spaces. The results of the research show that the pandemic situation contributed to the emergence of an unexpected potential of the new technology and that the realisation of the activity was influenced not only by know-how and the university’s technical facilities, but particularly by social capital, thus uncovering the potential of the anti-structural character of the initiative and the temporary suspension of hierarchically established university structures.
Da textura orbital à superfície social
Authors: Simões Matheus Batista , Normando Macêdo Barros Filho Mauro 
Published: November 2022

Este artigo consiste em uma investigação da relação entre a textura e as condições de habitabilidade urbana no distrito-sede de Campina Grande (PB), Brasil. A análise de textura urbana consistiu em uma abordagem morfológica pautada na teoria dos fractais, mensurada através do cálculo de lacunaridade. A análise da habitabilidade foi realizada por meio do cálculo de um índice, construído a partir de dados disponibilizados pelo Censo Demográfico do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), que permite avaliar condições de renda, longevidade, tipologia domiciliar, saneamento e ocupação nos setores censitários urbanos do município. As medidas texturais e de habitabilidade foram espacializadas e sobrepostas entre si através de ferramentas de geoprocessamento. A relevância deste trabalho está no uso de técnicas alternativas no auxílio às leituras territoriais, na compreensão das diversidades intraurbanas e na detecção de padrões de segregação e fragmentação. Os resultados permitiram concluir que o cruzamento dos valores de lacunaridade e habitabilidade auxiliam no planejamento de diretrizes urbanísticas, tendo como referência áreas representativas selecionadas neste estudo.
PROTOCOLOS ATUAIS NO MANEJO DA AMBLIOPIA EM CRIANÇAS
Authors: Ferreira Aguiar Cleide , Fernandes da Silva Rached Sueli , Sonoda Rodrigo Trentin 
Published: November 2022

A ambliopia é uma desordem visual com maior incidência em crianças, as dificuldades de tratamento se apresentam em decorrência do avanço da idade e a crença de que a plasticidade visual tende a diminuir. Objetiva-se investigar condições de tratamento para crianças amblíopes, através da classificação da ambliopia, identificação dos protocolos existentes para pacientes pediátricos e avaliação de tratamentos atuais desenvolvidos. Como metodologia, foi desenvolvida uma meta-análise, com revisão de estudos do período de 2018-2022, escritos em português, inglês e espanhol que trataram sobre ambliopia, plasticidade neural e protocolo de tratamento. Vislumbrando o tratamento para a ambliopia, as pesquisas ainda são incipientes, pois foi possível contemplar uma amostra mínima de literaturas, em sua maioria de estudos utilizando sempre objetivos semelhantes. Diante dos achados, a terapia de oclusão, terapias de estimulação cerebral, aprendizagem receptiva ou ainda intervenções de diferentes terapêuticas foram observados como tratamento promissores para ambliopia, pois de maneira individual ou correlacionadas possibilitam fortalecimento e recuperação binocular e estereopsia, levando a redução da ambliopia e melhoria da acuidade visual. A existência da plasticidade cerebral leva a reconhecer que protocolos de tratamento para ambliopias pediátricas podem continuar a ser desenvolvida, pois diante da adesão novos protocolos mistos podem e devem ser uma diretriz para os profissionais da saúde visual com abordagens que considere as particularidades do diagnóstico e graus de severidade, para que haja as devidas intervenções.
Decolorization of Boron-Based Wood Preservatives by Ozonation for Recycling: Optimization of Process Parameters
Authors: Yanchimpee Pantakan , Thawornchaisit Usarat 
Published: November 2022

Preservation of sawn timber from rubber trees with a water-soluble mixture of boric acid and borax generates a large quantity of colored wood preservative solutions and carries toxic metals, especially boron. To save costs, millers commonly reuse the colored mixtures in successive preservation cycles but regularly add boric acid and borax to maintain boron levels. However, this strategy affects both the color and the economic value of the treated wood. This paper presents a new strategy to treat the colored mixture of waterborne preservative solutions using ozonation for recycling purposes. At optimum conditions which are determined by response surface methodology, very high color removal (96 - 97 %) is achieved from ozone treatment of the wood preservatives with an initial COD concentration of 2,250 ± 40 mg/L and solution pH of 3.59 ± 0.02 for 65 min reaction time. The effluent can be reused in successive preservation cycles without degrading the wood quality in terms of the color of the processed timber and boron penetration in the end grain as well as the sides of the wood. Ozone treatment shows to be a promising color removal technology for sawn rubberwood industry, aimed at the reuse of waterborne preservatives, resulting in direct environmental and economic benefits.
HIGHLIGHTS

Application of ozone (O3) can be a clean technology to treat the color of aqueous solutions for in-process recycling in sawn rubberwood industry
Box-Behnken design and Response Surface Methodology applied to find the optimum conditions for color removal from the mixture of boric acid and borax
Recycling the mixture of boric acid and borax in a subsequent wood preservation operation gave very promising results
The reusability of boron-based wood preservative solutions after ozonation minimizes the occurrence of industrial chemical waste

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
O uso tópico de probióticos para o tratamento da rosácea
Authors: Alves Costa Bruno , Esmeraldo Pires de Araujo Cassiano , Rossi Eliane , Massola Rodrigues dos Anjos Fernanda , Arabatzoglou Fervorini Yasmim , Silveira Bertoluci Raquel 
Published: November 2022

A rosácea é uma doença de pele inflamatória crônica e acredita-se que seu mecanismo de ação, ainda que não comprovado, origina-se da desregulação do sistema imune inato, existindo outros fatores extrínsecos que podem desencadear o aumento dos sintomas. A mesma é dividida em quatro subtipos e cada um deles possui suas características: eritemato-telangiectasia, papulopústular, fimatosa e ocular. Através de estudos foi possível estabelecer uma relação entre a microbiota, tanto da pele quanto do intestino, onde verificou-se uma disbiose causada por essa doença. Esse desequilíbrio microbiano ocasionou estudos referentes ao uso de probióticos para o tratamento de doenças como a acne, rosácea, dermatite atópica e psoríase, atuando na redução dos processos inflamatórios de diferentes formas desde imunomodulação até proteção do microbioma.
O tratamento baseia-se no uso oral e tópico, e se faz importante analisar o microbioma dos pacientes, em razão de possuírem aspectos particulares que são definidos de acordo com fatores como: estresse, alimentação, consumo de álcool e uso de medicamentos. Analisando as ações dos probióticos na pele, seus mecanismos de ação e os possíveis benefícios, notou-se que a associação pode ser eficaz para o tratamento dessa doença, apresentando melhora dos sintomas e, consequentemente, da autoestima dos pacientes, juntamente com o crescimento pela busca de novas alternativas preventivas.
Predicting atmospheric background number concentration of ice-nucleating particles in the Arctic
Authors: Li Guangyu , Wieder Jörg , Pasquier Julie T. , Henneberger Jan , Kanji Zamin A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Mixed-phase clouds (MPCs) can have a net warming or cooling radiative effect on Earth's climate influenced by the phase and concentration of cloud particles. They have received considerable attention due to high spatial coverage and occurrence frequency in the Arctic. To initiate ice formation in MPCs at temperatures above −38 ∘C, ice-nucleating particles (INPs) are required, which therefore have important implications on the radiative properties of MPCs by altering the ice-to-liquid ratio of hydrometeors. As a result, constraining ambient INP concentrations could promote accurate representation of cloud microphysical processes and reduce the uncertainties in estimating the cloud-phase-related climate feedback in climate models. Currently, INP parameterizations are lacking for remote Arctic environments. Here we present INP number concentrations and their variability measured in Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard) at temperatures between 0 and −30 ∘C. No distinguishable seasonal difference was observed from 12 weeks of field measurements during October and November 2019 and March and April 2020. Compared to existing studies, the absence of a seasonal difference is not surprising, as most seasonal differences are reported for summer versus winter time INP concentrations. In addition, correlating INP concentrations to aerosol physical properties was not successful. Therefore, we propose a lognormal-distribution-based parameterization to predict Arctic INP concentration solely as a function of temperature, specifically for the transition seasons autumn and spring to fill in the data gap in the literature pertaining to these seasons. In practice, the parameterized variables allow for (i) the prediction of the most likely INP concentrations and (ii) the retrieval of the governing distribution of INP concentrations at given temperatures in the Arctic.
Order Batching and the Bullwhip Effect Reduction in a Cross‐Docking Strategy
Authors: Benrqya Yassine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to analyze the effect of order batching on the bullwhip effect in a cross‐docking strategy. The model proposed uses simulation to analyze empirically the impact of order batching on the bullwhip effect in cross‐docking strategy compared to traditional warehousing. The study is based on a case study of a fast‐moving consumer goods company and a French retailer. In the model, a three‐stage supply chain composed of one supplier DC, one retailer DC, and 10 retailer stores is considered. The order‐up‐to (OUT) level policy is used to control inventory at each stage. The demand is forecasted using a simple moving average scheme. The empirical investigation shows that the use of cross‐docking leads to a bullwhip effect gain upstream in the supply chain in all cases and situations. Moreover, we show that there exists a high positive correlation between the physical volume of a product (measured by the number of items per pallet) and the bullwhip effect gain. Finally, the increase in lead time to the stores has little impact on the bullwhip effect gain upstream in the supply chain.
Expenditure and Utilization Patterns of Cancer Care in Kuwait
Authors: Abuhadida Salem , Alzaid Saud , Buresli Yousef , Alnusif Ahmad , Alhindal Barrak 
Published: November 2022

#Introduction Cancer is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However. The trends in utilization of cancer services and related expenditures in Kuwait are poorly known. We aim to investigate the expenditure and utilization patterns of cancer care in Kuwait. Methods A three-year retrospective analysis study of expenditure and utilization pattern in KCCC was performed from 2015 to 2017 in MOH in Kuwait. Results We report a considerable variation of utilizations and expenditure levels over the three-year period. After adjusting the data, there was significant increase in utilization rates and expenditure in 2015-16 followed by significant decrease in year 2016-17. The expenditure was observed to increase by 1.1% in 2016 before it declined by 1.9% in 2017. Conclusions This study is the first of its kind in Kuwait. We report adequate utilization and expenditure of cancer care in Kuwait. However, we recommend heavy investments in precision medicine technology and patient outcomes research to improve overall financial and operational performance pertaining to cancer care in MOH in Kuwait.
Knowledge as Factually Grounded Belief
Authors: Piccinini Gualtiero 
Published: November 2022

AbstractKnowledge is factually grounded belief. This account uses the same ingredients as the traditional analysis—belief, truth, and justification—but posits a different relation between them. While the traditional analysis begins with true belief and improves it by simply adding justification, this account begins with belief, improves it by grounding it, and then improves it further by grounding it in the facts. In other words, for a belief to be knowledge, it's not enough that it be true and justified; for a belief to be knowledge, it must be justified by the facts. This account solves the Gettier problem. Gettierized beliefs fall short of knowledge because, albeit true and justified, they are not grounded in the facts. This account also elucidates why knowledge attributions are sensitive to epistemic standards. It's because whether we take a belief to be grounded in the facts is sensitive to epistemic standards.
Gestão de estratégias e serviços públicos digitais: estudo comparativo entre Teresópolis (BR) e Fort Lauderdale (EUA)
Authors: Bau Daniele , Rezende Denis Alcides , Feijó de Almeida Giovana Goretti , Leão Junior Roosevelt 
Published: November 2022

Estratégias e serviços públicos ofertados em meio digital são atributos associados a uma gestão que procura ser próxima dos cidadãos e efetiva em atender às suas necessidades. A associação entre estratégias e serviços, representada por elementos reguladores e operacionais, configura-se numa gestão integradora que vislumbra o êxito das ações do governo local num contexto socioeconômico que impacta e é impactado por decisões e direcionamentos dados para estratégias e serviços. O objetivo deste estudo é verificar se há semelhança na gestão de estratégias e serviços em cidades que apresentam aspectos socioeconômicos análogos, mas localizadas em territórios distintos, utilizando como base teórico-conceitual o modelo cidade digital estratégica. A metodologia da pesquisa se configurou em um estudo de casos múltiplos envolvendo uma cidade da América do Sul (Teresópolis, Brasil) e outra da América do Norte (Fort Lauderdale, EUA), para as quais foi empreendida uma análise comparativa por meio de um protocolo de pesquisa com seis variáveis. Os resultados apontam para o uso diversificado e desassociado de temáticas municipais tanto na disposição das estratégias quanto na oferta dos serviços públicos inviabilizando análises do tipo “se (...), então (...)|”. A conclusão destaca a existência de articulações entre estratégias e serviços públicos entre as cidades indicando certa conformidade com o modelo cidade digital estratégica.
Foliar nitrogen application for enhancing growth, productivity and nitrogen use efficiency in sunflower (Helianthus annuus)
Authors: SARVARI B A , SINGH V K , SHEKHAWAT KAPILA , OBAID H , WASIFHY M K , BARAKZAY K R , RATHORE S S 
Published: November 2022

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a promising oilseed crop of Afghanistan mainly grown under resource constraint situations. The poor nitrogen status of the soil makes nitrogen deficient for plants at the sensitive stages resulting in severe growth and yield decline. The present study compared the effect of nitrogen application as basal vis-Ã -vis in combination with foliar application at different crop growth stages on growth, productivity and nutrient use efficiency in sunflower. The application of 50 kg N/ha as basal along with two 1.5% foliar spray of N at 20 and 40 DAS resulted in higher growth parameters, yield and nutrient use efficiency in sunflower. Nitrogen application applied as basal met out the initial nitrogen demand and when supplemented with foliar application resulted in higher assimilating surface area, dry matter accumulation and higher yield attributes and yield in sunflower.
Pendampingan Pastoral terhadap Wanita sebagai Orang tua Tunggal dalam Pendidikan, Kerohanian, dan Kehidupan Sosial Anak di Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Kusni Markus 
Published: November 2022

Abstrak: Pandemi covid-19 membuat wanita sebagai orangtua tunggal mengalami berbagai masalah dan pergumulan dalam mendampingi anak dalam hal Pendidikan, kerohanian dan kehidupan sosialnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan pendampingan pastoral diberikan kepada para orangtua terkusus wanita sebagai orangtua tunggal supaya mampu melewati dan menghadapi segala keadaan terlebih di masa sulit terkait dengan mendidik anak. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, data dikumpulkan melalui artikel dan sumber bacaan lainnya yang membahas topik yang sama, data yang terkumpul diuraikan untuk menyelesaikan pokok penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: pertama, Pendampingan pastoral diberikan kepada wanita sebagai orangtua tunggal untuk menghadapi masa sulit mulai dari sejak dia memerankan diri sebagai kepala keluarga sejak kematian suaminya. Kedua, Pendampingan pastoral diberikan kepada wanita sebagai orangtua tunggal dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan anak baik, pendidikan, kerohanian dan kehidupan sosial anak. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pendampingan pastoral terhadap wanita sebagai orangtua tunggal apabila diberikan sedini mungkin akan menolong banyak orangtua dalam mendampingi dan mendidik anak-anak mereka walaupun dalam masa sulit sekalipun.