bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the infill patterns on the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber 3D printed parts
Authors: Pop M A , Zaharia S M , Chicos L A , Lancea C , Stamate V M , Buican G R , Pascariu I S 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The future in the aeronautical industry is in our conception to obtain 3D printed parts from composite materials of the polymer type reinforced with various materials (fibreglass, carbon, Kevlar, etc.), with very good mechanical properties. In this paper authors analyse the mechanical properties of 3D printed parts obtained by material extrusion of Polyamide based filament reinforced with 15% chopped carbon fibres by three types of infill pattern: grid, triangular and lines and with an infill density of 50%. After testing the specimens, the grid infill pattern showed the lowest average value in the two types of mechanical tests, but the values are higher than those reported in the literature by other researchers. Another fact, it can be concluded that the core configuration does not have a significant influence on the mechanical property’s performance. After microstructures analysis with an optical microscope was observed the defects specific to 3D printing (pores, gaps and agglomerations) were and we determined that the share of defects decreases from grid pattern to lines pattern and for the triangular pattern they are minor even insignificant.
On the laser beam absorption efficiency in laser welding of aluminium thin sheet with copper pipe
Authors: Karmiris-Obratański P , Papazoglou E L , Karkalos N E , Hontzopoulos E , Markopoulos A P 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Welding is considered the most versatile joining method, with extensive applicability in every modern industrial field. Especially, laser welding technology is widely utilized due to its numerous advantages, and its capability to process a variety of different materials. Among the several process parameters that impact the welding results, the absorbed energy and the power density are of major importance. These parameters mainly depend on the utilized materials and their physical properties, as well as the laser beam inherent characteristics. Moreover, the welding of more complex shapes and geometries is even more challenging, since multiple scatterings are taking place as well. The current paper presents a simulation model of the laser beam path and its absorption in the case of welding an aluminium thin plate and a copper pipe. The Ray Tracing method has been employed, while, the model’s geometrical parameters, are dimensionless, reduced to the pipe's radius. The materials’ absorption coefficient is calculated as a function of the incident angle, while the multiple scatterings are taken into consideration. From the simulation, the total absorption, as well as the relevant power density are calculated for a series of different initial process control parameters, i.e., spot size, incident angle, relevant laser spot position.
Using the finite element analysis to study the cutting speed influence on temperature and internal stresses in the turning process
Authors: Țîţu Aurel Mihail , Pop Alina Bianca 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The tendency to use the approach ing of finite element method in the turning simulation is becoming increasingly pronounced. The cutting process study based on this type of method requires the identification and knowledge of the geometric tool parameters that define the whole process. This simulation method aims to establish and describe the entire development process, characterized by trying to identify and present the optimal solution or close to an optimal realization and practical development of the entire cutting process. This study aims to draw up tabular analysis reports based on performing a series of simulations on the C45 material using the finite element approaching on DEFORM 2D. During the performed simulations, the same input values of the cutting conditions will be kept, except in the case of the cutting speed, whose modification is the object of the study. In this context, the cutting speed change influences the effective stresses distribution, the temperatures, and the cutting force variation in the cutting process. These issues were followed, and a package of own conclusions and points of view could be operationalized immediately.
Absorbing materials based on magnetically controlled Fe-Al microparticles
Authors: Sosnin M D , Shorstkii I A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Rotating permanent magnetic field (RPMF) method was used to obtain an absorbing material based on hexagonally packaged Fe-Al particles. A new kind of material - absorber in the microwave range was obtained. As the main characteristic, the reflection, absorption and attenuation spectra of the electromagnetic radiation of Fe-Al composites were obtained and analysed. Reflection characteristics of Fe-Al composite materials using the RPMF method were improved.
Software strategy for internal combustion engine and electric motor control on a hybrid electric vehicle equipped with belt starter generator and automated manual transmission
Authors: Saragea Ştefan , Toma Marius , Micu Dan Alexandru , Frăţilă Gheorghe , Badea Gabriel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In order to fulfil the latest EU emission standards, the average amount of CO2 emissions for each vehicle sold has to be reduced to avoid fines for manufacturers. One of the simplest and cheapest ways of hybridization is the belt starter generator (BSG), which makes it suitable for an entry-level range of vehicles. This paper presents a software strategy developed for internal combustion engine (ICE) and belt starter generator (BSG) control on a vehicle equipped with automated manual transmission and also the drivability, comfort and emission performances improvements expected by using this strategy.
Theoretical and experimental research of an automotive gasoline engine fuelled with butanol
Authors: Sandu C , Pana C , Negurescu N , Cernat A , Fuiorescu D , Georgescu R , Nuţu C 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Among alcohols used for spark ignition engine fuelling, butanol can be a viable alternative fuel due to its very good combustion proprieties. Butanol has a high miscibility with the gasoline and stable blends can be assured. The higher oxygen content and the higher combustion speed of butanol comparative with gasoline are proprieties which may improve the combustion process and may lead to the reduction of greenhouse gases level such as CO2 and pollutants like CO, HC, and NOx. A theoretical and experimental study was conducted on a spark-ignition engine with 1.5L displacement fuelled with n-butanol-gasoline blends at different volume percentages and different excess air coefficients at the 55% engine load of and 2500 min-1 engine speed. Starting from a predefined model in AMESim was developed and calibrated a physical-mathematical model for the process’s simulation from the engine cylinder. The objective of the paper is to get a good representation of the real engine in numeric to have a better prediction of the engine performance at the different operating conditions. The theoretical and experimental investigations show important advantages of n-butanol in blend with gasoline: the increase of the thermal efficiency due to the stable engine operation at lean mixtures use.
CAM optimization in moulds retrofitting
Authors: But Adrian , Gal Lucian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Because the moulds are using in mass production, in time, defects appear, and their wear leads a big number of rejects parts. The cost to manufacturing a new mould is high, so, it is often used to retrofitting used moulds. The paper presents the moulds manufacturing steps correction, with applications and a computer aided manufacturing solution on CNC machine tools. Locating the defective area, choosing the most efficient milling strategies, protecting the parts area without defects in the mould during processing, paying attention to possible collisions during work or in positioning the cutting tools, the CNC programmer is fully engaged and have a big responsibility. The paper come with innovative CAM solutions to optimize the mould manufacturing process.
Field robots development in the aspect of achieving the goals of sustainable agriculture
Authors: Sobocki S , Wojciechowski J , Legutko S , Mac J , Zawada M , Szymczyk S 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe article deals with the issues related to the use of field robots in agricultural production in the aspect of the use of a sustainable farming system. At the beginning, the very essence of sustainable agriculture is presented and the problems that remain to be solved are identified, thus determining the market demand for autonomous field robots. The next part of the article presents the main division of agricultural robots and an overview of the most interesting solutions from the last few years that have been implemented by private companies and research centres from around the world. The review of available solutions makes it possible to identify the main challenges related to the implementation of robotic projects into working in difficult field conditions that are faced by the engineers who design them. The projects of autonomous robots used for work in agriculture, implemented by the Łukasiewicz Research Network - Industrial Institute of Agricultural Engineering in cooperation with consortium members, are also presented. At the end of the article, there is a summary and conclusions, which in a general sense define the need for further research on field robots, so as to achieve their fully autonomous work in the near future.
Experimental results regarding the strains and stresses appeared around some lifting ears from a cylinder used in the petrochemical industry
Authors: Iamandei A , Ripeanu R G , Stanciu L , Popa I , Vasilescu S 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
During transporting or raising processes any equipment used in petrochemical industry needs some special ears to be easy and safety manipulated. In the paper are presented some experimental results measured around some lifting ears welded on a cylinder. A special experimental device has been manufactured to complete the experiments. The acquisition data have been registered with a modern Quantum system equipped with a Catman Easy software.
Optimization of risk assessment in renewable energy of Russia by applying statistical calculations of climatic characteristics and GIS technologies
Authors: Nefedova L V , Rafikova Yu Yu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Based on the characteristics of the renewable energy sources (RES), current states and also Russia uses the analysis of emerging risks and their management methods for avoiding this problem. The analysis of methodological approaches to assessing emerging risks in the implementation of electricity generation projects based on various types of renewable energy sources is carried out. The problems of assessing the natural resource risks of using renewable energy in the Russian Federation in relation to the climatic regionalization of the territory are examined. The most representative parameters of the ecological and geographical component for assessing the degree of risk by using renewable energy are highlighted. The authors propose a methodology for assessing the degree of risk for using solar resources based on the characteristics calculated of the influx variability for solar radiation to the earth's surface, by assessing and mapping the level of natural resource risks. The levels of resource risks in solar energy development for some regions of Russia were estimated. The paper presents maps of areas with different risk levels in Russia.
Experimental study of the removable assemblies with screws from high pressure injection pumps
Authors: Bistriceanu D P , Bujoreanu C , Pal S G 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
High pressure injection pumps use removable assemblies with screws. They allow the subsequent assembly and disassembly, without destroying the components and the entire assembly, whenever is necessary. Our paper is an experimental analysis highlighting the influence of tightening parameters on components deformations. We perform the study using controller, Janome screwdriver, ZEISS measurement system and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) used in the metallographic analysis. Various torques applied on the screws give us results that show the interactions and their impact on the pumps components, producing deformation on the screws, gaskets and even front plate. A trial was done to establish the upper limit for the torque of the screws. After applying several tightening’s at different values, we conclude that the optimal upper limit for screws tightening between front plate and housing is 45 Nm. Applying a torque bigger than 50 Nm, the screws are destroyed, shear. This can generate numerous defects on the sealing gasket area and on the front plate in the screws holes area. The circularity of the front plate is impacted by the thickness of the wall and the inner / outer diameters.
Self-cleaning filtration with magnetically controlled particles
Authors: Shorstkii I A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this work, a new concept of dynamic granular bed was proposed based on magnetically controlled particles. Compared with conventional moving granular bed, a rotating granular layer was formed on dynamic granular bed, which can capture solid particulates. The dust cake can be kept at a certain amount of thickness even after long-term operation. Self-cleaning function of dynamic granular bed installation provides a long-term operation. Hence, the backwash process is not required in self-cleaning installation. Rotating magnetic field was used for granular bed formation with a predetermined porosity in this work. Mechanism of a dynamic granular bed formation described using experimental and visual surface layer data. Periodic working moving granular bed is then changed to continuous and steady working dynamic granular bed. Numerical data of the main filtration process showed a good agreement with experiment. The experimental results show that there exist optimal parameters of filtration superficial velocity and mass flow rate of filter granules for dynamic granular bed. Best efficiency obtained at a filtration superficial velocity of 0.03 m/s and a mass flow rate of 10 l/h for dynamic granular bed in the experiments.
Bandwidth of a 4.7 THz beam multiplexer based on Fourier grating
Authors: Gan Y , Mirzaei B , Silva J R G , Laauwen W , van der Tak F F S , Gao J R 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We present an analysis of the bandwidth of an asymmetric 8-beam Fourier grating as the beam multiplexer for a 4.7 THz local oscillator used in a heterodyne receiver. We take the grating designed for NASA GUSTO balloon observatory as an example to address the bandwidth question although it does not need to operate over a wide frequency range. By illuminating the grating at different frequencies from 4.445 to 5.045 THz, we simulated the changes of its performance in three aspects using COMSOL Multiphysics: diffraction efficiency, power uniformity, and the angular distribution of the output beams. These parameters can affect the coupling efficiency between the output beams of the grating and the beams of a mixer array. The bandwidth of the grating is found to be 230 GHz, corresponding to 4.9% of the operating frequency, which is sufficient for many applications.
On-chip learning of a domain-wall-synapse-crossbar-array-based convolutional neural network
Authors: Desai Varun Bhavin , Kaushik Divya , Sharda Janak , Bhowmik Debanjan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Domain-wall-synapse-based crossbar arrays have been shown to be very efficient, in terms of speed and energy consumption, while implementing fully connected neural network algorithms for simple data-classification tasks, both in inference and on-chip-learning modes. But for more complex and realistic data-classification tasks, convolutional neural networks (CNN) need to be trained through such crossbar arrays. In this paper, we carry out device–circuit–system co-design and co-simulation of on-chip learning of a CNN using a domain-wall-synapse-based crossbar array. For this purpose, we use a combination of micromagnetic-physics-based synapse-device modeling, SPICE simulation of a crossbar-array circuit using such synapse devices, and system-level-coding using a high-level language. In our design, each synaptic weight of the convolutional kernel is considered to be of 15 bits; one domain-wall-synapse crossbar array is dedicated to the five least significant bits (LSBs), and two crossbar arrays are dedicated to the other bits. The crossbar arrays accelerate the matrix vector multiplication operation involved in the forward computation of the CNN. The synaptic weights of the LSB crossbar are updated after forward computation on every training sample, while the weights of the other crossbars are updated after forward computation on ten samples, to achieve on-chip learning. We report high classification-accuracy numbers for different machine-learning data sets using our method. We also carry out a study of how the classification accuracy of our designed CNN is affected by device-to-device variations, cycle-to-cycle variations, bit precision of the synaptic weights, and the frequency of weight updates.
Noggin proteins are multifunctional extracellular regulators of cell signaling
Authors: Karunaraj Prashath , Tidswell Olivia , Duncan Elizabeth J , Lovegrove Mackenzie R , Jefferies Grace , Johnson Travis K , Beck Caroline W , Dearden Peter K 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Noggin is an extracellular cysteine knot protein that plays a crucial role in vertebrate dorsoventral patterning. Noggin binds and inhibits the activity of bone morphogenetic proteins via a conserved N-terminal clip domain. Noncanonical orthologs of Noggin that lack a clip domain (“Noggin-like” proteins) are encoded in many arthropod genomes and are thought to have evolved into receptor tyrosine kinase ligands that promote Torso/receptor tyrosine kinase signaling rather than inhibiting bone morphogenic protein signaling. Here, we examined the molecular function of noggin/noggin-like genes (ApNL1 and ApNL2) from the arthropod pea aphid using the dorso-ventral patterning of Xenopus and the terminal patterning system of Drosophila to identify whether these proteins function as bone morphogenic protein or receptor tyrosine kinase signaling regulators. Our findings reveal that ApNL1 from the pea aphid can regulate both bone morphogenic protein and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways, and unexpectedly, that the clip domain is not essential for its antagonism of bone morphogenic protein signaling. Our findings indicate that ancestral noggin/noggin-like genes were multifunctional regulators of signaling that have specialized to regulate multiple cell signaling pathways during the evolution of animals.
Within-person Variation In Emotional Exhaustion Among Caregivers For Older Adults
Authors: Wakui Tomoko 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Caregiving is everyday life for family members of older adults. Care recipients’ care requirements, service usage, and caregivers’ physical and emotional conditions differ day by day. Little is known how the differences and variances relate to informal caregivers’ mental health. This study aimed to examine informal caregivers’ day-to-day fluctuation in emotional exhaustion and discuss the within-person effects on mental health among informal caregivers. We developed the Caregiving Visualization Project toolkit (Care VIP), a software program for tracking on daily basis components of care experiences such as care task of Activity of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activity of Daily Living, service usages, and caregiving burden, as well as eight items of caregivers’ emotional exhaustion. We recruited study participants between May 2018 to March 2019 who provided instrumental help to community-dwelling older adults. A total of 75 participants, who accessed the Care VIP every day by using tablets or computers and completed a one-month study, were analyzed in this study. Females comprised 80.0%, and the average age of caregivers was 52.7 years (SD=9.1). The majority were those who provided care to parents (69.3%), and those who provided to parents-in-law and spouses were 16.0% and 5.3%, respectively. The average score of the eight items on the emotional exhaustion scale, with a 4-point Likert scale, was 23.4 (SD=4.9); however, each question showed different variations. Within-person effects on mental health among informal caregivers will be discussed.
Prolonged complete atrioventricular block due to neostigmine and amiodarone interaction in an amyloidosis patient with left main dissection and postoperative intestinal pseudo-obstruction
Authors: Kalogerakos Paris-Dimitrios , Lasithiotakis Konstantinos , Vernardos Michail , Lazopoulos Lambros , Koutsopoulos Anastasios , Lazopoulos George 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Cardiac amyloidosis has been strongly associated with postoperative intractable circulatory failure, and intestinal amyloidosis could lead to intestinal pseudo-obstruction. The latter can be treated with neostigmine, which is notorious for its brief bradyarrhythmic complications. The amyloidosis patient presented herein, suffered an iatrogenic left main dissection, failure of bailout stenting and finally underwent urgent surgery. Meticulous fluid and drug management was key to keeping this patient stable. Postoperative atrial fibrillation was treated with amiodarone. The postoperative course was complicated with intestinal pseudo-obstruction, which was ultimately resolved with neostigmine. This short-lived cholinesterase inhibitor interacted with amiodarone and caused a previously undocumented prolonged complete atrioventricular block that resolved 48 hours after both drugs’ discontinuation. The neostigmine amiodarone interaction warrants clinical vigilance and is speculated to be due to their partially shared second messenger pathway involving cyclic adenosine monophosphate. Patients with cardiac amyloidosis could maintain hemodynamic stability perioperatively.
How to identify predatory journals in a search
Authors: Oermann Marilyn H. , Nicoll Leslie H. , Carter-Templeton Heather , Owens Jacqueline K. , Wrigley Jordan , Ledbetter Leila S. , Chinn Peggy L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Nursing journals offer important content on new practices and approaches to care. Unfortunately, predatory journals that use unsavory publication practices have emerged. This article shares guidance to help nurses effectively appraise information and their sources, distinguish predatory from legitimate journals, and conduct due diligence.