bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using airborne lidar to characterize North European terrestrial high‐dark‐diversity habitats
Authors: Moeslund Jesper Erenskjold , Clausen Kevin Kuhlmann , Dalby Lars , Fløjgaard Camilla , Pärtel Meelis , Pfeifer Norbert , Hollaus Markus , Brunbjerg Ane Kirstine 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA key aspect of nature conservation is knowledge of which aspects of nature to conserve or restore to favor the characteristic diversity of plants in a given area. Here, we used a large plant dataset with >40 000 plots combined with airborne laser scanning (lidar) data to reveal the local characteristics of habitats having a high plant dark diversity—that is, absence of suitable species—at national extent (>43 000 km2). Such habitats have potential for reaching high realized diversity levels and hence are important in a conservation context. We calculated 10 different lidar based metrics (both terrain and vegetation structure) and combined these with seven different field‐based measures (soil chemistry and species indicators). We then used Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation for modelling plant dark diversity across 33 North European habitat types (open landscapes and forests) selected by the European communities to be important. In open habitat types high‐dark‐diversity habitats had relatively low pH, high nitrogen content, tall homogenous vegetation, and overall relatively homogenous terrains (high terrain openness) although with a rather high degree of local microtopographical variations. High‐dark‐diversity habitats in forests had relatively tall vegetation, few natural‐forest indicators, low potential solar radiation input and a low cover of small woody plants. Our results highlight important vegetation, terrain‐ and soil‐related factors that managers and policymakers should be aware of in conservation and restoration projects to ensure a natural plant diversity, for example low nutrient loads, natural microtopography and possibly also open forests with old‐growth elements such as dead wood and rot attacks.
A rivalry‐based theory of gender diversity
Authors: Mawdsley John Kenneth , Paolella Lionel , Durand Rodolphe 
Published: October 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryWe offer a rivalry‐based perspective of gender diversity as a form of competitive action. We theorize that a firm adjusts its senior‐level female representation when they identify business opportunities that may be seized by demonstrating alignment to gender parity expectations. Examining U.S. corporate law firms and potential buyers of their services, we theorize and find that when the buyers of rivals of the focal firm increase their gender diversity, the focal firm responds by increasing its female partner representation. Reinforcing the strategic approach to managing gender diversity, we also show that a focal firm reduces its gender‐related response to rivals' buyers as the opportunity to attract those buyers decreases, and when the focal firm can use racial diversity as a credible substitute for gender diversity.Managerial SummaryDo firms increase senior level gender diversity for normative or competitive reasons? We examine this question and test whether firms adjust their gender diversity to align with the gender diversity values of their competitors' clients. Our study shows that U.S. corporate law firms increase their level of female partners when the clients of their stronger competitors increase gender diversity in their executive rank. We also show that firms' gender diversity response weakens when there is a lower probability of luring those clients and when firms can offer racial diversity as a credible alternative signal of pro‐diversity values. Our competitive‐based view of gender diversity encourages managers to consider how and when proactive gender diversity improvement can be a mechanism for improving their firms' market position.
In the parvocellular part of paraventricular nucleus, glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons mediate cardiovascular responses to AngII
Authors: Rastegarmanesh Ali , Rostami Bahar , Nasimi Ali , Hatam Masoumeh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAngiotensinergic, GABAergic, and glutamatergic neurons are present in the parvocellular region of the paraventricular nucleus (PVNp). It has been shown that microinjection of AngII into the PVNp increases arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR). The presence of synapses between the angiotensinergic, GABAergic, and glutamatergic neurons has been shown in the PVNp. In this study, we investigated the possible interaction between these three systems of the PVNp for control of AP and HR.All drugs were bilaterally (100 nl/side) microinjected into the PVNp of urethane‐anesthetized rats, and AP and HR were recorded continuously. Microinjection of AngII into the PVNp produced pressor and tachycardia responses. Pretreatment of PVNp with AP5 or CNQX, glutamatergic NMDA and AMPA receptors antagonists, attenuated the responses to AngII. Pretreatment of PVNp with bicuculline greatly attenuated the pressor and tachycardia responses to AngII.In conclusion, this study provides the first evidence that pressor and tachycardia responses to microinjection of AngII into the PVNp are partly mediated by both NMDA and non‐NMDA receptors of glutamate. Activation of glutamatergic neurons by AngII stimulates the sympathoexcitatory neurons. We also showed that the responses to AngII were strongly mediated by GABAA receptors, probably through activation of GABAergic neurons, which in turn inhibit sympathoinhibitory neurons.
Assessment of road traffic noise pollution in Basudevpur – A case study on the sub‐urban area of Bhadrak, Odisha, India
Authors: Swain Bijay Kumar , Das Chidananda Prasad , Goswami Shreerup , Panda Bibhu Prasad 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe long‐term effect of noise pollution is a serious environmental concern for those living near the road due to numerous anthropogenic activities. A calibrated sound level meter was used to assess the noise levels in a semi‐urban area known as Basudevpur Town (16 squares) in March 2021. A sample of the general public (126) was taken and interviewed using a questionnaire to find out how they felt about noise pollution and its impact on their health. A relationship between demographic characteristics and public health issues was discovered in the current investigation. The ANNOVA test was used to determine the association between noise exposure and the probable impacts of this noise exposure on this town, and the Chi‐square test in SPSS 20.0 was utilized to study the relationships between demographic character and irritation. The study reveals that the noise levels were greater than the CPCB's permissible limit for Indian road conditions. The primary source of noise, according to the study, is road traffic noise. The impact of noise pollution on the public's sleep problem was also analyzed. In order to limit noise pollution and its influence on public health, proper administrative planning is necessary.
Research progress on pharmacological effects and new dosage forms of baicalin
Authors: Bao Minglong , Ma Yunfei , Liang Mei , Sun Xinyi , Ju Xianghong , Yong Yanhong , Liu Xiaoxi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs a kind of flavonoid, baicalin (C21H18O11) is extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, the extract of which can be added to animal feed in China.ObjectivesThe present review will describe the current understanding of the pharmacological effects of baicalin in the regulation of inflammation, oxidative stress anti‐virus and anti‐tumour responses.MethodsWe highlight emerging literature that the application in livestock health and performance, the biological activities, the molecular mechanisms and the dosage forms of baicalin by analysing and summarising the main points of the cited literatures.ResultsIt is found that baicalin can improve the functions of multiple physiological systems. Baicalin has a strong anti‐inflammatory effect by regulating TLR4‐NFκB‐MAPK signalling pathway; it also can reduce oxidative stress by regulating Nrf2–Keap1 pathway; it can inhabit many kinds of virus such as influenza virus, respiratory virus, hepacivirus and others; it can also inhibit the growth of tumour cells by blocking the cell cycle or inducing apoptosis; and new dosage forms such as cationic solid lipid nanoparticles, cyclodextrin inclusion complexes or nanocrystalline can be applied to improve the deficiency of baicalin.ConclusionsIn summary, these studies have elucidated a comprehensive report on the anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidant, anti‐virus and anti‐tumour of baicalin, these findings thus indicated that baicalin can be used effectively to the field of animal production in future when the appropriate dosage form is determined.
Rheology modifier additive for enhanced processability of polyethylene forblown‐Filmapplications
Authors: Williamson Alexander , Gomes Jorge , Karjala Teresa , do Valle Camila 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPolyethylene is a versatile polymer suitable for a large variety of flexible and rigid packaging applications. Its mechanical and rheological properties can be tuned across a wide range by controlling its molecular architecture, such as the amount and distribution of olefinic comonomers (short chain branching), long chain branching, and molecular weight distribution. Linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) is known for its high toughness which enables downgauged film structures and low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) is known for its excellent shear thinning and melt strength which enables enhanced processability and high throughput, such as on blown film lines. In order to obtain a balance of toughness and processability on films produced on blown film lines, blends of LLDPE and LDPE are commonly used. In this paper, we describe additive‐based approaches, including a new product, DOWLEX™ (TM = trademark of the Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow) GM AX01, which enhances melt strength and other rheological properties of polyethylene, enabling fabrication of films with lower LDPE content while still maintaining excellent rheological properties and higher toughness versus conventional LLDPE/LDPE blends. The higher toughness enables downgauging without loss of mechanical properties, which in turn reduces consumption of polymer resulting in a more sustainable solution.
Numerical calculation of thermally radiative fluid flow with the energy and mass transmission across a stretching wavy surface
Authors: Raizah Zehba , Alrabaiah Hussam , Saeed Anwar , Hayat Asif Ullah , Galal Ahmed M. , Kumam Poom 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe current study revealed a comprehensive assessment of three‐dimensional Jeffery fluid flow under the significances of thermal radiation and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) across a stretching irregular permeable sheet. The flow phenomena have been studied with an additional effect of Darcy media, Arrhenius activation energy, slip conditions, heat source, and chemical reaction. The modeled have been expressed in the form of system of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs), which are degraded and dimensionalized by the similarity replacement to the set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The Matlab package bvp4c (boundary value solver) is employed to estimate the numerical solution of the problems. The influence of several physical factor on velocity, mass, and energy outlines is revealed through tables and figures. It is perceived that the Jeffery fluid motion drops with the growing values of porosity term, while amplified with the rising influence of wall thickness factor. The rising values of Darcy–Forchheimer and magnetic field factor diminish the velocity curve in both x and y directions. Furthermore, the temperature curve intensifies with the addition of porosity factor and Deborah number while lessening with the rising influence of power index.
Introduction
Authors: Thelandersson Fredrika 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter serves as the introduction to21stCentury Media and Female Mental Health: Profitable Vulnerability and Sad Girl Culture. As such it describes the prevalence of sadness and mental health awareness in the popular media landscape of the 2020s. I describe the main sites studied—magazines, celebrities, and social media networks—to understand the contemporary discourse around gendered mental health, and the feminist media studies theories I use in my analysis. The chapter also contains a timeline of the emergence of a twenty-first-century sadness, exemplified by the artist Lana del Rey and her employment of a sad aesthetics. I also define my use of the terms neoliberalism, governmentality, biopolitics, postfeminism, and popular feminism, before briefly accounting for feminist approaches to affect theory. The chapter ends with an outline of the other chapters in the book.
Mental Health in Magazines: Relatability and Critique in Cosmopolitan and Teen Vogue
Authors: Thelandersson Fredrika 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter looks at conversations around depression and anxiety in the online archives of Cosmopolitan (US) and Teen Vogue. I examine the different orientations of these magazines when it comes to mental health by discussing their respective styles, tone, narratives, mode of address, and types of pedagogy and support around these issues. While Cosmopolitan tended to follow a script for postfeminist media—full of contradictions, covering serious topics in a tongue-in-cheek way that undermined any gravity, Teen Vogue offered a nuanced portrayal of mental illness that incited its readers to a more critical and engaged interpretation of dominant mental health paradigms. In this sense Cosmo provides an example of profitable vulnerability in that it aligns itself with the trendy themes of depression, anxiety, and other diagnoses, while maintaining a comfortable distance that avoids striking a too somber or heavy tone. Teen Vogue, on the other hand, does offer more spacious definitions of mental illness that does not shy away from difficult conversations. With their focus on support and their providing of resources, they are more aligned with the critical sad girl culture found on social media.
Axion couplings in grand unified theories
Authors: Agrawal Prateek , Nee Michael , Reig Mario 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We show that the couplings of axions to gauge bosons are highly restricted in Grand Unified Theories where the standard model is embedded in a simple 4D gauge group. The topological nature of these couplings allows them to be matched from the UV to the IR, and the ratio of the anomaly with photons and gluons for any axion is fixed by unification. This implies that there is a single axion, the QCD axion, with an anomalous coupling to photons. Other light axion-like particles can couple to photons by mixing through the QCD axion portal and lie to the right of the QCD line in the mass-coupling plane. Axions which break the unification relation between gluon and photon couplings are necessarily charged under the GUT gauge group and become heavy from perturbative mass contributions. A discovery of an axion to the left of the QCD line can rule out simple Grand Unified models. Axion searches are therefore tabletop and astrophysical probes of Grand Unification.
Solar $$ {\overline{\nu}}_e $$ flux: revisiting bounds on neutrino magnetic moments and solar magnetic field
Authors: Akhmedov Evgeny , Martínez-Miravé Pablo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The interaction of neutrino transition magnetic dipole moments with magnetic fields can give rise to the phenomenon of neutrino spin-flavour precession (SFP). For Majorana neutrinos, the combined action of SFP of solar neutrinos and flavour oscillations would manifest itself as a small, yet potentially detectable, flux of electron antineutrinos coming from the Sun. Non-observation of such a flux constrains the product of the neutrino magnetic moment μ and the strength of the solar magnetic field B. We derive a simple analytical expression for the expected $$ {\overline{\nu}}_e $$

ν
¯

e

appearance probability in the three-flavour framework and we use it to revisit the existing experimental bounds on μB. A full numerical calculation has also been performed to check the validity of the analytical result. We also present our numerical results in energy-binned form, convenient for analyses of the data of the current and future experiments searching for the solar $$ {\overline{\nu}}_e $$

ν
¯

e

flux. In addition, we give a comprehensive compilation of other existing limits on neutrino magnetic moments and of the expressions for the probed effective magnetic moments in terms of the fundamental neutrino magnetic moments and leptonic mixing parameters.
New physics in b → sμμ: FCC-hh or a muon collider?
Authors: Azatov Aleksandr , Garosi Francesco , Greljo Admir , Marzocca David , Salko Jakub , Trifinopoulos Sokratis 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Rare flavour-changing neutral-current transitions b → sμ+μ− probe higher energy scales than what is directly accessible at the LHC. Therefore, the presence of new physics in such transitions, as suggested by the present-day LHCb anomalies, would have a major impact on the motivation and planning of future high-energy colliders. The two most prominent options currently debated are a proton-proton collider at 100 TeV (FCC-hh) and a multi-TeV muon collider (MuC). In this work, we compare the discovery prospects at these colliders on benchmark new physics models indirectly detectable in b → sμ+μ− decays but beyond the reach of the high-pT searches at the HL-LHC. We consider a comprehensive set of scenarios: semileptonic contact interactions, Z′ from a gauged $$ \textrm{U}{(1)}_{B_3-{L}_{\mu }} $$
U

1

B
3

−

L
μ

and $$ \textrm{U}{(1)}_{L_{\mu }-{L}_{\tau }} $$
U

1

L
μ

−

L
τ

, the scalar leptoquark S3, and the vector leptoquark U1. We find that a 3 TeV MuC has a sensitivity reach comparable to the one of the FCC-hh. However, for a heavy enough mediator, the new physics effects at a 3 TeV MuC are only observed indirectly via deviations in the highest energy bin, while the FCC-hh has a greater potential for the discovery of a resonance. Finally, to completely cover the parameter space suggested by the bsμμ anomalies, among the proposed future colliders, only a MuC of 10 TeV (or higher) can meet the challenge.
Immunogenicity of a third dose of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine in patients with CLL: effects on treatment selection
Authors: Diamantopoulos Panagiotis T. , Kontandreopoulou Christina-Nefeli , Stafylidis Christos , Vlachopoulou Dimitra , Giannakopoulou Nefeli , Vardaka Maria , Mpouhla Anthi , Variami Eleni , Galanopoulos Athanasios , Pappa Vassiliki , Psichogiou Mina , Hatzakis Angelos , Viniou Nora-Athina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPatients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) show suboptimal responses to the vaccines against SARS-CoV-2; it has been shown though that a booster dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine may lead to a significant increase in the seroconversion rates of immunocompromised patients. We conducted a prospective, non-interventional study to evaluate the immunogenicity of a third dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine in adult patients with CLL. Sera were tested before the first, after the second, and before and after the third dose for anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) spike protein IgG (anti-RBD). Thirty-nine patients with CLL were included in the study. The seroconversion rate increased from 28.2% before the third dose to 64.1% after the third dose and was higher in treatment-naïve patients (72.7% versus 47.1% in actively treated patients, p = 0.042). All but one patient achieving a seroconversion after the second dose retained after the third, while eight patients not achieving a seroconversion after the second dose (38.1%), did so after the third. Moreover, patients actively treated with venetoclax had a higher seroconversion rate than those treated with ibrutinib (87.5% versus 14.3%, p = 0.001). This study confirms the beneficial effect of a third dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine on the seroconversion rate in patients with CLL. Our results also strongly suggest that the use of venetoclax is correlated with higher immunogenicity/seroconversion rates than that of ibrutinib, a finding that has been reported by another study. A treatment strategy change during the pandemic favoring the use of venetoclax may be suggested based on our results, although these results should be validated in larger studies.
Finally seen: a rare sighting of Antarctic blue whale cow–calf pair off the west coast of South Africa
Authors: Seakamela S. Mduduzi , Kotze Pieter G. H. , Gumede Nosipho C. , Sibiya Natalia , Shabangu Fannie W. , McCue Steven A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBlue whales are rarely sighted off the coasts of South Africa due to their low numbers and offshore habitat preference. Visual observations to search for marine mammals were conducted onboard a platform of opportunity during the Integrated Ecosystems Programme survey in November 2019. A cow–calf pair of blue whales Balaenoptera musculus was sighted offshore Kleinzee (30°05′02.4" S, 14°24′53.2" E) at a water depth of 1670 m on the west coast of South Africa in the southern Benguela Current System. The pair was identified as Antarctic blue whales B. m. intermedia based on the size of the cow (~ 29 m), “torpedo-shaped” body of the cow, known distribution ranges and recent acoustic data showing that pygmy blue whales B. m. brevicauda do not occur in these waters. The calf was likely born in the Benguela ecosystem given its relatively small size. This is the first sighting of Antarctic blue whale cow–calf pair in South African waters post whaling, indicating that animals might still use this area as a calving or nursing ground. Improved protection of this region in the low latitudes might benefit the recovery and conservation of the species.
Design and performance of an ultra-compact, low-speed, low turbulence level, wind tunnel for aerodynamic and animal flight experiments
Authors: Breuer Kenneth , Drela Mark , Fan Xiaozhou , Di Luca Matteo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We present a novel closed-circuit ultra-compact wind tunnel with an 8:1 contraction ratio and high flow quality. Its overall footprint area is less than half that of a conventional tunnel with the same test section size and same contraction ratio, enabling significantly smaller material and construction costs. The tunnel’s key features which enable the small footprint include a two-dimensional main diffuser, a minimum-length contraction, and expanding turning vanes with a 1.167:1 ratio in corner two and an aggressive 1.875:1 ratio in corner four. Separation in the latter is prevented using a screen and honeycomb integrated into each vane passage—the first time this has been used in a wind tunnel. The tunnel exhibits excellent flow quality with less than $$\pm 1$$

±
1

% mean flow variation in the test section core and a freestream turbulence level of 0.03% at 12 m/s over a 4 Hz–20kHz bandwidth.

Graphical abstract