bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Incidence Rate of Radiation Pneumonitis Observed in Patients with Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma Treated with Simultaneous Thoracic Radiotherapy and 1G/2G/3G EGFR-TKIs
Authors: Fan Bingjie , Mu Fengchun , Li Butuo , Qin Wenru , Li Haoqian , Wang Chunni , Zou Bin , Wang Shijiang , Wang Linlin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence rate of radiation pneumonitis (RP) in patients with stage III-IV lung adenocarcinoma treated with first-generation (1G), second-generation (2G), or third-generation (3G) epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) combined with thoracic radiotherapy (TRT).
Methods: Patients with stage III-IV lung adenocarcinoma simultaneously treated with 1G, 2G, or 3G EGFR-TKIs and TRT between January 2015 to December 2021 at Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute were screened in this retrospective study. The clinical and imaging grades of RP were evaluated using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 5.0) grading system for pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis, respectively.
Results: A total of 200 patients treated with EGFR-TKIs were enrolled in this study, including 100 patients who were treated with 1G EGFR-TKIs, 50 patients who were treated with 2G EGFR-TKIs, and 50 patients who were treated with 3G EGFR-TKIs (patients matched in a 2:1:1 ratio for tumor characteristics). Patients in the three groups were simultaneously treated with TRT. The overall incidence of clinical RP in the 1G, 2G, and 3G EGFR-TKI groups was 29%, 48%, and 28% (p=0.043), respectively, and that of imaging RP was 33%, 58%, and 36% (p=0.010), respectively. The incidence of RP with a clinical grade ≥3 in the three groups was 14%, 28%, and 12% (p=0.055), respectively, and that with an imaging grade ≥3 in the three groups was 11%, 32%, and 10% (p=0.002), respectively. In the 58 patients with both clinical and imaging assessments of RP, the median time from TRT to imaging assessment of RP was 62 d, and the median time of RP according to the clinical symptoms was 84 d (p=0.0397).
Conclusion: Compared with 2G EGFR-TKIs combined with TRT, 1G or 3G EGFR-TKIs combined with TRT achieved a lower incidence of RP. The imaging manifestation of RP occurs earlier than the clinical symptoms, suggesting that imaging findings can provide an early warning of clinical symptoms.
Coinheritance of pathogenic variants in ATM and BRCA2 in families with multiple cancers: a case series
Authors: Freire Maria Valeria , Martin Marie , Segers Karin , Sepulchre Edith , Leroi Natacha , Kalantari Hassan , Wolter Pascal , Collignon Joëlle , Polus Marc , Plomteux Olivier , Josse Claire , Bours Vincent 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose. Pathogenic variants (PVs) in BRCA2 and ATMgenes have been linked to an increased risk of various cancers. BRCA2and ATM are part of the homologous recombination pathway, but the tumor risk in patients with simultaneous PVs in both genes remains largely unknown. In this study we describe four patients from three families with multiple cancers who coinherited PVs in BRCA2 and ATM genes.
Methods. PVs in the patients were identified using NGS sequencing of the DNA and were confirmed by Sanger sequencing.
Results. The first family included a 67-year-old male with kidney, prostate, and pancreatic adenocarcinomas, and his daughter diagnosed with breast cancer at 29 years. In the second family, a 28-year-old female had breast cancer, while a male from the third family was diagnosed with prostate cancer at the age of 49, gastric cancer one year later and pancreatic cancer at 64. The three identified BRCA2 PVs were nonsense variants previously described as pathogenic, leading to a severely truncated or absent protein due to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Two of the ATM variants were previously reported as pathogenic, while the third one affects a conserved splice site.
Conclusions. The early age of diagnosis and the development of multiple cancers in the reported patients indicate a very high risk of cancer in double heterozygous patients, carrying PVs in the BRCA2 and ATM genes.
Developing Prototype of Case-Based Reasoning System for Personalized Medical Care for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Authors: Dejene Milkesa , Alemu Solomon , Jimma Worku 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Personalized medical care is an individualized approach to managing and treating diseases in the healthcare system. It follows the personalized medicine concept and has recently received much attention from the governing, scientific and healthcare diseases communities worldwide. Personalized medicine is speedily impacting how patients are managed and treated and also how healthcare delivery is channelling its resources to maximize patient benefits. The management of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 consists of major lifestyle (dietary pattern), drug administration and physical exercise. The main objective of this study was to develop a Case-based reasoning system for personalized medical care for patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Design science within knowledge engineering method and data gathering tools such as semi-structured interviews and document analysis were employed to develop a prototype system. The domain experts were selected by using the purposive sampling technique. The knowledge acquired from domain experts and through document analysis was modelled by using the hierarchical conceptual modelling method, and cases were generated and represented with the feature-value format. The prototype was implemented by using JCOLIBRI software and scored an F-Measure of 84% and user acceptance of 86.2% and 82%, respectively. Applying a case-based reasoning system in personalized medical care is very important to improve the quality of service delivery to address each patient’s case through unique characteristics/attributes such as age, gender, blood pressure, fast blood sugar and others. Even if the porotype registered promising results, future research work is expected from different scholars in personalized medicine for more improvement.
Professions of Muslim Men in the Hacıkoy District According to the Population Register dated 1845-1846
Authors: ÇELİK Havva , KEÇECİ KURT Songül 
Published: September 2022

İnsanlık tarihi içerisinde birey yaşamını idame ettirmek için bulunduğu bölgenin coğrafi şartlarına, imkânlarına, toplumun sosyo kültürel özelliklerine göre birçok uğraş edinmiştir. Genel olarak bu uğraşlardan bazıları insan ve hayvan gücüne, el emeğine ve özellikle toplumun ihtiyaçlara göre şekillenmiştir. Zaman içerisinde uğraş veya iş dediğimiz ifadeler meslek kavramına dönüşmüştür. Günümüzde meslek; planlı bir yöntem ile bilgi ve becerilere dayalı, belli bir eğitimle elde edilen, insanlara faydalı mal üretmek, hizmet vermek ve maddi kazanç karşılığında yapılan iş olarak tanımlanmıştır. Ancak tarihi süreçte bazı yönlerden farklılık gösterdiği para kazanmak ifadesi ile birlikte değiş tokuş şeklinde bir sistemin olduğu da görülmektedir. Meslek geçmişte ve günümüzde var olan, gelecekte de var olmaya devam edecek bir kavramdır. Dolayısıyla toplumları sosyo ekonomik bağlamda değerlendirmek açısından meslekler hakkında bilgi sahibi olmak zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nde yapılan ilk nüfus sayımlarında o dönemde icra edilen meslekler hakkında da bilgiler yer almaktadır.
Bu çalışmada Sivas Vilayetinin Amasya Sancağına bağlı Hacıköy Kazâsına ait Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Osmanlı Arşivi Nüfus Defterleri fonunda 2198 numaralı müslim nüfus defteri üzerinden 19. yüzyılın ortalarında bölgede icra edilen meslekler tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın temel kaynağını oluşturan 1845-1846 yılına ait bu defter Hacıköy’ün 4 mahalle ve 6 köyünün nüfus kayıtlarını kapsamaktadır. Okunamayan birkaç meslek haricinde bu mahalle ve köylerde birbirinden farklı 66 meslek çeşidinin olduğu görülmüştür. Aynı dönemde Osmanlı ülkesindeki Müslümanların icra ettiği mesleklere oranla önemli ölçüde çeşitlilik arz ettiği görülmektedir. Bu meslekler vasıtasıyla Hacıköy’ün ekonomik ve sosyal durumu ile ilgili de bilgiler edinilebilmektedir.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Mahasiswa PBL Berorientasi Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Perkuliahan Biologi Dasar
Authors: Fajarianingtyas Dyah Ayu , Hidayat Jefri Nur 
Published: September 2022

Pembelajaran berorientasi masalah menjadi salah satu pendekatan pembelajaran yang melatih kemampuan problem solving mahasiswa. Pemberian suatu permasalahan serta proses mencari jawaban dalam pembelajaran dapat membantu mahasiswa untuk dapat lebih mudah mengingat materi yang dipelajari. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengembangkan Lembar Kerja Mahasiswa (LKM) berbasis PBL bertemakan biologi dasar yang valid dan efektif. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa semester satu yang memprogram mata kuliah Biologi dasar. Model penelitian yang digunakan merujuk model penelitian pengembangan yang dikembangkan Borg Gall (1983). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LKM yang dikembangkan valid dengan nilai persentase 90% (kategori sangat baik). Pengembangan LKM dikatakan efektif dilihat dari adanya peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah sebesar 0,47 (kategori sedang) berdasarkan N-gain. LKM ini memiliki karakteristik bahan ajar dirancang situasi bermasalah yang tepat bagi mahasiswa IPA di Universitas Wiraraja.
Achievements and Bottlenecks of PEGylation in Nano-delivery
Systems
Authors: Shen Ruoyu , Yuan Hong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) has been widely applied in biomedical field as a gold standard. The conjugation of PEG to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides (DNA, small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNA (miRNA)) and nanoparticles, also known as PEGylation, is a common method to improve the efficiency of drug delivery and pharmacokinetics in vivo. The effect of PEGylation on the in vivo fate of various formulations has been and continues to be extensively studied based on the successful PEGylation of proteins to improve in vivo circulation time and reduce immunogenicity. The PEG shell protects the particles from aggregation, immune recognition, and phagocytosis, thereby prolonging the in vivo circulation time. This article mainly describes the development background, advantages and applications of PEGylation in the field of drug delivery, its defects or development bottlenecks, and possible alternatives.
In silico Molecular Modelling and Docking Studies on Kinase Inhibitors as
Potential Anti-Cancer Target in HER2-associated Breast Cancer
Authors: Gupta Binni , Tiwari Apoorv , Taj Gohar , Pal Neeraj , Malik Rashmi , Kumar Sundip 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Breast cancer is one of the most frequent invasive malignancies in women globally and the
leading cause of mortality. The HER2 target is an important therapeutic option for treating breast cancer.
In the present study, efforts have been made to virtually screen the natural kinase inhibitors
through molecular docking. A total of 800 HER2 protein inhibitor compounds were selected to screen
out the potential inhibitors of the HER2 protein. The docking study demonstrated that these HER2
protein inhibitors confirm the strong binding interaction with HER2 protein based on the docking
score, indicating that kinase inhibitors can play a major role in preventing breast cancer. Among all
the inhibitors, the flavanone compound named 6-C-(3-Hydroxyisopentyl) eriodictyol, IUPAC: 2-(3, 4-
dihydroxyphenyl)-5, 7-dihydroxy-6-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)- 2, 3-dihydrochromen-4-one observed
to have the maximum docking score value of (-8.717), indicating the highest binding affinity with
HER2 protein which might serve as the promising compound for the development of a new class of
drug to combat breast cancer.
Green Recipes for Pyrimidine
Authors: Patil Pradnya , Ansari Afrin , Tauro Savita. J. , Nadar Sahaya 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Pyrimidines serve as key structural components in chemical frameworks and biological
processes. Several pyrimidine analogues have been produced over the years by means of traditional
methods that necessitated large amounts of solvents, reagents, and, most importantly, additional
time, which has led them to become prohibitive. These procedures are now being replaced with
more cost-effective adaptive methodologies that incorporate one-pot synthesis and greener approaches
involving various green solvents and catalysts. The current review covers a number of
green synthetic techniques, including ultrasound-assisted synthesis, visible light irradiation synthesis,
solvent-free synthesis, catalyst-free synthesis, microwave-assisted synthesis, and green catalyst
synthesis for the synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives. Accordingly, it integrates different strategies
to synthesize heterocyclic pyrimidine analogues in a well-organized manner.
Synthesis, Computational Analysis, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Trypan
Blue Exclusion Assay, β-hematin Assay and Anti-inflammatory Studies of
some Hydrazones (Part-I)
Authors: Mali Suraj N. , Pandey Anima 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Hydrazone and its azomethine (-NHN=CH-) derivatives are widely reported
for their immense pharmacological potential. They have also been reported to possess potent
anti-tuberculosis, anti-malarial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activities. Considering
their pharmacological significance, we herein synthesized a set of 10 hydrazones (1S-10S) using
green, biodegradable chitosan and HCl as catalyst.

Methods:
All synthesized compounds were characterized using modern spectroscopic techniques,
including Nuclear magnetic resonance, 1H-/13C-NMR; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
(FT-IR); Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; Mass spectrometry (m/z), etc. Synthesized compounds
were in silico screened using molecular docking, dynamics, pharmacokinetics, theoretical properties,
and common pharmacophore analysis. Moreover, we also subjected all compounds to DPPH
radical scavenging assay, protein denaturation assay, Trypan Blue assay for cell viability assessments,
β-hematin assay for hemozoin inhibition analysis and standard antimicrobial analysis.

Results:
Our results suggested that the synthesized compound 2S had high potency against studied
microbial strains (minimum MIC = 3.12 μg/mL). Our antioxidant analysis for 1S-10S revealed that
our compounds had radical scavenging effects ranging from 25.1-80.3 %. Compounds 2S exhibited
% cell viability of 68.92% (at 100 μg concentration of sample), while the same compound retained
anti-inflammatory % inhibition at 62.16 %. Compound 2S was obtained as the best docked
molecule, with a docking score of -5.32 Kcal/mol with target pdb id: 1d7u protein. Molecular dynamics
simulation and normal mode analysis for 100 ns for 1d7u:2S retained good stability. Finally,
in silico pharmacokinetics, theoretical properties and pharmacophoric features were assessed.

Conclusion:
In summary, synthesized hydrazone exhibited a good biological profile according to
in silico and in vitro studies. However, further in vivo studies are required that may shed more insights
on its potencies.
Development of Pharmacovigilance System in India and Paradigm of Pharmacovigilance Research: An Overview
Authors: Singh Preeti , Vaishnav Yogesh , Verma Shekhar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:The drugs are projected to cure, prevent and treat diseases; however, there are also chances of mild or severe adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the patients. Pharmacovigilance (PV) enhances the approach to safe medicines and healthcare, but integration into public healthcare remains a challenge in many countries. The Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI) is a nationwide programme launched by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India, on 14 July 2010. It is currently run by the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC). Presently, 567 ADR Monitoring Centres (AMC) are functioning under PvPI across India. The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO), under the Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS), and the Ministry of Health, Family & Welfare (MoHFW) Government of India is the National Regulatory Authority (NRA) of India. This review aims to trace the development of PV in India and its status among the top ADR reporting countries, with a focus on the current status of the studied ADR in different regions in India. Among the top 20 countries enthusiastic about sending ICSR per million population between 2015 and 2020, India shares 2% of the total ICSRs in VigiBase. India is now being recognized as a hub of global clinical trials and clinical research studies. Hence, it is the need of the hour in India to have a dynamic PV network system with an efficient and prudent operation method. Nevertheless, in India, PV programs are at an early stage on par with other countries, and only because of underreporting of ADRs. However, in the future, PvPI may appear as a big dashboard for ADR reporting culture in India as it continuously works hard to improve patients and drug safety.
The Assessment of Health Risk Behaviours among the Administrative Staff at an Institution of Higher Education
Authors: Smithdorf Gareth , Reynders Jessica , Meyer Esti , November Rucia , Malema Makhaya 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Health risk behaviours can impair an individual's physical and/or mental health. University administrators experience a sedentary lifestyle such as smoking, drinking, unhealthy eating habits, and work-related stress.

Objective:
This study assessed the health risk behaviours of administrators at an institution of higher education in the Western Cape, South Africa.

Methods:
A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted among 67 participants using an online questionnaire, focusing on demographics, work-related stress and environment, lifestyle-related behavior, and physical activity levels. SPSS, version 26 (2020), was used to compute the data.

Results:
The results of this study report significant mean value for administrative staff. Participants reported that they preferred physical activity as a coping mechanism. Administrators admitted to being stressed in their work situation for two weeks or more consecutively and to feeling overwhelmed by the workload. They reported working standard office hours from 08:30 to 16:30. On most days of the week, administrators reported they ate breakfast with at least one drink of alcohol and tried smoking. They spend hours playing video or computer games, sitting at a desk, and have poor sleep quality.

Conclusion:
Health risk behaviors such as smoking, excessive drinking, and having a sedentary lifestyle can harm job productivity.
Recent Advancements and Applications of Phospholipid Complexes:
A Strategy to Enhancing the Bioavailability of Phytopharmaceuticals
Authors: Gaur Praveen Kumar , Singh Rashmi , Rastogi Sameer , Lata Kanak 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Phytopharmaceuticals are herbal medicines that include standardized extracts, bioactive fractions, and purified phytoconstituents. They have been used for the cure, treatment, and mitigation of diseases since ancient times. Phytopharmaceuticals have a wide array of health benefits but their therapeutic efficacy is limited due to poor absorption, low bioavailability, and early elimination profile. A novel phospholipid complex is a newly introduced patented technology initially developed to incorporate standardized plant extracts/fractions or water-soluble phytoconstituents into phospholipids to produce a lipid compatible molecular complex, called phytosome, which improves their absorption and bioavailability. In herbal formulations, phytosome is the most advanced dosage form that has upgraded absorption rate and improved pharmacokinetics in comparison with conventional products. Phospholipid-complex is the result of hydrogen bonding between phospholipids and phytoconstituents, which offers maximum incorporation of herbal active ingredients into the lipidic layer and core. The increased therapeutic efficacy is due to the formation of amphiphilic phospholipid complex of herbal medicine. This review highlights the role of phospholipids in the delivery of herbal bioactives and natural extracts with special emphasis on phytosomes. Moreover, the current status of bioavailabilities, commercial products, patents, and clinical trials of phytosomal system of phytopharmaceuticals were addressed.
Prevalence of Comorbidities of Psychotic Disorders in Patients
with Substance Use Disorders in Iran Psychiatric Hospital in
Tehran, Iran
Authors: Soraya Shiva , Khaniha Hamidreza Ahmad , Aminpour Afsaneh 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Substance use disorders are highly prevalent among psychotic patients
and are associated with poorer clinical outcomes.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of psychotic disorders in substance
users and the epidemiological features of this population.

Material&Methods:
In a cross-sectional study, we investigated 455 outpatient and inpatient
participants with SUD referred to the Iran psychiatric hospital from April, 2020, to March,
2021. All participants were substance users, referred to Iran psychiatric center to follow up on
their comorbidities and psychiatric disorders. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5
(SCID) was used for psychotic disorders and substance use disorder diagnoses. Finally, gathered
data were analyzed by SPSS-25.

Results:
A total of 455 patients were involved in the study. The mean age was 34.66 years, of
which 89.7% were men. The most common main substances include methamphetamine
(39.1%) and heroin (27%). The prevalence of psychotic disorder was 36.7%, and the most
common type was substance-induced psychotic disorder (26.4%) and schizophrenia (8.4%).
There was a significant association between methamphetamine and opium use and the presence
of substance-induced psychotic disorder and schizophrenia, respectively (p˂ 0.001).

Conclusion:
The most common type of substance use was methamphetamine, and the most
common type of psychotic disorder was substance-induced psychotic disorder. There was a
significant association between methamphetamine and opium use and the presence of substance-
induced psychotic disorder and schizophrenia, respectively. It should be noted that this
was a sample of individuals hospitalized for substance abuse. It was not a general population
sample and was very biased toward substance use.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Edmodo dalam Pembelajaran IPA terhadap Hasil Belajar dan Berpikir Kritis Siswa
Authors: Nurmawarni Sukma 
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penggunaan edmodo dalam pembelajaran IPA terhadap hasil belajar siswa dan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa dalam pembelajaran sistem organisasi kehidupan. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan desain posttest only control group design. Penentuan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling sesuai dengan kriteria yang ditentukan oleh peneliti sehingga mendapatkan sampel dua kelas, kelas VII A sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VII B sebagai kelas kontrol. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2020/2021. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji statistik berupa uji normalitas, dan uji independent sample t-test. Hasil analisis data pada hasil belajar berdistribusi normal sehingga dilanjutkan dengan melakukan uji independent sample t-test dengan perolehan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,047 0,05 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan signifikan penggunaan edmodo terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Hasil analisis data pada keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa berdistribusi normal, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji parametrik menggunakan uji independent sample t-test dan diperoleh signifikansi 0,013 0,05 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan signifikan penggunaan edmodo terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa.