bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Obama to Trump
Authors: Howarth David , James Scott 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Chapter 4 presents our first case study, analysing the Obama administration’s late conversion to the cause of bank structural reform in the US. This policy shift culminated in the surprisingly stringent ban on proprietary trading by banks (the ‘Volcker Rule’) in July 2010, but also led to a lengthy and often tortuous process of implementation. We argue that this significant but highly contested outcome was a consequence of two key features of the process. First, financial industry lobbying was highly fragmented and frequently divided, giving rise to powerful dissenting voices from within the industry (i.e., competitive financial power). Large Wall Street banks also faced concerted opposition from a powerful pro-reform coalition of consumer and activist groups that maintained pressure on Congress. Second, in the absence of venue shifting through which to build a bipartisan consensus, structural reform was highly politicized and shaped by the balance of power in a deeply polarized Congress. Hence, we show that the Volcker Rule came under sustained attack as Republicans, supported by large Wall Street banks, sought to delay and disrupt the rule-writing process using a variety of political, bureaucratic, and legal channels. This culminated in the Trump administration’s attempted repeal of the proprietary trading ban in 2017, which succeeded in relaxing some provisions for smaller banks.
The Netherlands
Authors: Howarth David , James Scott 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Chapter 8 considers the curious case of no reform in the Netherlands. Conditions appeared ripe for change, not least because of the size of the Dutch banking sector and the scale of the country’s bank bail-outs, but also because of the early support from several political parties and prominent political figures—including the Finance Minister during the crisis, Wouter Bos. We argue that the Dutch case represents a clear example of conflict contraction, resulting from two factors. First, the unified and disciplined Dutch banking industry was able to leverage its cooperative financial power successfully to shape the bank reform agenda more generally, and to marginalize discussions on structural reform in particular. For example, the sector established its own commission in November 2008, chaired by senior bank executive Cees Maas, which recommended a voluntary ‘code’ to change internal bank culture. Second, the Dutch government depoliticized banking reform through venue shifting to two ad hoc commissions—the De Wit Commission in 2009, and the Wijffels Commission in 2012—which narrowed engagement and largely echoed industry’s concerns about ringfencing. The outcome was that the government was able successfully to deflect blame away from the phenomenon of too-big-to-fail banks.
Functional morphology in Odonata
Authors: Büsse Sebastian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Insect tagmata are often simplified and assigned to a specific functionality: head (perception), thorax (movement), and abdomen (reproduction). However, in insects generally, all body regions show elaborate functionalities of very different kinds, often down to the nanometer level. It is likely that each part of the insect body provides a (multi)functional specialization. This chapter attempts to tackle the latest achievements in our understanding of functional morphological adaptations in both adult and larval odonates: from the head-arrester-system in adults to the predatory strike of the larvae; from the unique wings to the importance of the legs in the larval stage; and from the head–abdomen interlocking during mating to the swimming abilities of the aquatic larvae. It also attempts to highlight gaps of knowledge for potential future research where young odonatologists can (and should!) enter the field. Further on, functional singularities and curiosities of Odonata are described (as variations of the standard often hold new principles) to showcase the group describe some oup of Odonata as being fascinating model-organisms for functional and biomechanical research. This perspective often yields insights into unique solutions to cope with a constantly changing environment from one of the oldest insect orders.
Phylogeography
Authors: Sanchez-Herrera Melissa , Vega-Sánchez Yesenia M. , Beatty Christopher , Kohli Manpreet 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines the current state of phylogeographic research in the order Odonata and reviews empirical contributions at both a global scale and within the main biogeographical regions (Holarctic, Tropical, Indo–Malayan, Australasian, and Oceanic–Pacific). It highlights the fundamental processes responsible for the origin and maintenance of odonate biodiversity. In addition, it discusses the current opportunities and limitations of performing phylogeographic studies considering new advances in data acquisition (e.g. high throughput sequencing) and analytical approaches of key biological fields (e.g. landscape genetics, niche ecology modeling, phylogenetic community) to lay a foundation for future research. The last decade has been an exciting time in phylogeography, and much work remains to be done to understand the evolutionary history of odonate distributions.
Odonata collections and databases
Authors: Abbott John C. , Sandall Emily L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Odonata community has embraced the benefits afforded by the digital age to access specimens, promote and disseminate data, engage with an ever-growing community of enthusiasts, and answer big questions. Global databases offer the capacity to move beyond simple catalogs, link data and data providers, and create a unified and engaged community. There are millions of odonate specimens currently housed in institutional and private collections, with relatively few digitized and/or imaged. This chapter addresses approaches to data capture, including best practices when digitizing museum collections, ways to enhance the value of specimen data, integration of the Big Data of genetic and phenotypic databases, workflows for efficiency of data capture, and how the large and growing odonate enthusiast community can contribute to these efforts. It also covers how some of these digital efforts are resulting in fewer physical specimens being collected in recent years.
Odonata as focal taxa for ecological restoration
Authors: Harabiš Filip , Simaika John P. , Dolný Aleš , Luke Sarah H. , Elo Merja , Bried Jason T. , Samways Michael J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Anthropogenic impacts on freshwater ecosystems are so extensive that conservation efforts can no longer focus solely on protecting pristine or near-natural sites. Ecological restoration tries to replace, mitigate, or recover losses and damages to biodiversity, habitats, and ecosystems. Restoration also aims to create novel habitats and ecosystems that are more resilient to human impacts. Odonates are relatively easy to survey and play important basic and applied ecological roles in aquatic, wetland, and riparian ecosystems, and are therefore a key target for restoring freshwater biodiversity and ecological networks. Many odonate species are sensitive to environmental changes and can be used as indicators of restoration progress or success. Species may also be translocated to accelerate natural colonization and augment populations. Restoration actions are likely to increase globally during the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021–2030), providing an opportune time to promote a broader restorative culture around odonates.
Cages in Rural Homes
Authors: Kim H. Yumi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Home confinement, a long-standing practice in which those considered mad and prone to violence were confined in cage-like structures inside the family home, persisted into the turn of the twentieth century. New legal and bureaucratic regulations of the practice further intensified family-based care in Japan. Yet one crucial condition that made home confinement possible in the first place has long been rendered invisible: a domestic and moral economy of caregiving that heavily relied on women’s physical and mental labor. Women performed the bulk of the intensive labor of care, from cleaning bedding and toilets, to supervising hospital visits and administering medication. This gendered labor helped create the social and emotional ties by which the relations of family were rendered meaningful in everyday life. Just as readily, the demand and toll of the labor could attenuate ties of kinship and call into question what exactly was considered “normal” family relations.
“Follow Me”
Authors: Kling David W. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter focuses on Anthony, the putative founder of Christian monasticism, and the centrality of Matthew 19:16–22 (particularly Jesus’ words, “If you wish to be perfect, go, sell your possessions, and give the money to the poor”) in Anthony’s life. The text that so moved Anthony eventually became the source of what Catholic and Orthodox interpreters refer to as “the evangelical counsels”—the ideals of poverty, chastity, and obedience—given by Jesus to those who seek perfection. The chapter traces the origins of monasticism, the role of Scripture in the desert, and responses by Protestants to ascetic disciplines. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion of contemporary expressions of Christian spirituality in the works of Thomas Merton, Henri Nouwen, and Kathleen Norris.
“One in Christ Jesus”
Authors: Kling David W. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the history of interpretation of Galatians 3:28 and its application to women’s ministry and ordination in the American context. Not until the nineteenth century was the text understood to mean anything other than a person’s standing before God. After tracing the historical interpretation of the text, the chapter turns to the emergence of and controversy over women in ministry in the nineteenth century. The coalescence of evangelical revivalism and the first women’s rights movement in the 1840s shifted the text’s meaning to the human dimension, namely, to a woman’s right to serve in an equal capacity to men as ordained ministers. Galatians 3:28 emerged as the decisive text in support of women’s ordination. The chapter extends the discussion into recent times, examining advocates of women in ministry from a mainline Protestant perspective (Krister Stendahl), a feminist perspective (Elizabeth Schüssler Fiorenza), and an evangelical perspective (Richard Longenecker).
Introduction
Authors: Suval John 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
It was a rude awakening when proslavery editor John H. Stringfellow and Charles Robinson of the antislavery New England Emigrant Aid Company faced off at the heads of their respective squatter armies in Kansas Territory in 1855. Why did men with antithetical ideologies both self-identify as squatters and claim other squatters as their allies, and why did figures commonly associated with illegal land grabs emerge as foot soldiers in clashes over slavery that convulsed the nation in the lead-up to the Civil War? Following in squatters’ footsteps from 1830 to 1860 imparts novel perspectives on how the United States grew into a continent-spanning juggernaut and how those territorial conquests fractured the body politic. During this period, the issues of land-claiming and slavery extension became stubbornly intertwined—indeed, the very act of occupying terrain and establishing communities determined whether slavery or freedom would prevail in America.
Squatter Democracy
Authors: Suval John 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Squatter Democracy, the alliance between Democrats in Washington and settlers in the West, shaped antebellum politics and the map of North America. Jacksonian Democrats broke with precedent by championing settlers who illegally claimed US public lands, Indian domains, and the territory of neighboring nations. Their florid tributes to squatters put a heroic white face on territorial conquests, engendered solidarity between elites and the poor, and enabled northerners and southerners to skirt the explosive issue of slavery by rallying behind an expansionist platform framed as simply giving “hardy pioneer” farmers their due. Prompted by their frontier constituents, Democrats in the 1830s took the lead in passing Indian removal and preemption laws, which enabled squatters to retroactively obtain title to lands they had occupied, fostering a settle-first-legalize-later mentality. By decade’s end, the once vilified squatter figure had become the darling of the Democratic Party and preemption the law of the land.
“Great American Measures” and the Election of 1844
Authors: Suval John 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
If Whigs had made inroads with western settlers in 1840, Democrats reclaimed the lost ground in 1844, promulgating a program of conquest led by squatters in Texas and Oregon that sparked conflicts with Mexico and Great Britain. With Polk’s victory, Squatter Democracy reached its apex, ushering in an era of unprecedented expansion but also compounding sectional fissures. Proponents of slavery rallied behind the squatter figure with particular verve, and popular portrayals like those in the works of Charles Sealsfield and John S. Robb increasingly rendered squatters as compatible with slaveholding society. Yet actual settlers in the West tended to distance themselves from the institution. This disconnect would tear at the fabric of Squatter Democracy and factor in the rise of Free Soil. The bid by competing interests to claim the squatter to advance their agendas reflects the symbol’s potency and malleability, making it an increasingly unpredictable factor in American politics.
Sacramento’s Squatter Riot and the Aftershocks of Manifest Destiny
Authors: Suval John 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A high-profile squatter movement in Gold Rush-era Sacramento revealed a widening breach between squatters as debated in Washington and the actual settlers in the West. As Congress clashed over California statehood in 1850—with southerners fixating on the would-be state’s antislavery constitution as evidence of “squatter sovereignty” run amok—American settlers led by Charles Robinson rallied under the “Squatter” banner to secure rights to Mexican land. While in important respects fulfilling the promise of Squatter Democracy by extending white American sovereignty over the continent, these squatters were no Democratic pawns. Instead, they inclined toward a free-soil vision of the West and charted an independent course for their cause, making clear that no party held an exclusive monopoly on pro-squatter politics. Their movement, which exploded into the 1850 Squatter Riot in Sacramento, embodied southerners’ worst fears about what to expect if squatters were left in charge of western lands.
Epilogue
Authors: Suval John 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Squatter Democracy arose on promises of boundless opportunity for white male partisans and crashed because it sold greed as generosity, peddled violence as virtue, and failed to recognize the dangerous forces it had unleashed until it was too late. Rhetorically, the shapeshifting squatter yeoman could, for a time, advance the fortunes of the white populations of the North and South. In reality, this mythic figure more closely matched the small family farmer than the slaveholding planter. Squatters could embody sovereignty but not to the benefit of both free farmers and increasingly anti-democratic enslavers, nor to the exclusion of resilient non-white people across the continent such as George Bush, a pioneering settler in Washington Territory. By the time men like Robert J. Walker and Stephen A. Douglas acknowledged these truths, the Party of Jackson lay broken in two and western lands had become battlegrounds.
Introduction
Authors: Winters John C. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This book traces the lives of four members of a Seneca family who were unsung agents in the nineteenth and twentieth century invention of the historical, political, and social conception of the Empire State. They used the tools and language of the colonizers to package and deliver an image of Iroquois history and culture that has shaped New Yorkers’ conception of self. In sum, they made it possible for New Yorkers to think first of the Haudenosaunee, above all other Native American nations, as the focal point of an effort to find the indigenous “part of our national soul.”
The Political Germination of a Religious Doctrine
Authors: Ghobadzadeh Naser 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter shows that although the doctrine of wilāyat-i faqīh was formulated at the Najaf seminary at the most advanced level of seminary education, and by Ayatollah Khomeini, an occupant of the highest seminary rank—marjaʿ-i taqlīd—this doctrine did not meet the standards expected of a religious doctrine. Shīʿism’s written heritage, its lived history, and the accepted traditions of the seminaries of that time did not provide Khomeini with the sources necessary to support his doctrine. For this reason, he took a radical methodological approach that leaned heavily on reason in formulating his doctrine, whose populist aspects prevailed over its scholarly aspects. That is why Khomeini’s doctrine was not taken seriously in the Shīʿī seminary; it was not discussed in the name of a new idea in the academic and scholarly atmosphere of the seminary, nor did it provoke any significant debate in the seminary’s public sphere. In this chapter, the doctrine of wilāyat-i faqīh is described metaphorically as the product of a genetic mutation that, after the clerical Islamists’ consolidation of power and with the use of government resources, found the opportunity to thrive in the political arena.
A World Turned Upside Down
Authors: Brown Jeremy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Black Death of 1348 swept through Europe and reappeared in several waves over the next two centuries. Jews were victims of both the pandemic and the antisemitic violence that followed. Hundreds of Jewish communities were persecuted even as Pope Clement IV ruled that anyone joining or authorizing the persecution would be excommunicated. But Jews were not just victims; they were physicians and diarists as well. This chapter discusses several plague tracts, including the diary of Abraham Catalano which provides a detailed insight into life in Padua during the pandemic of 1630. The chapter concludes with a description of plague that ravaged a group of three hundred Jews who had made their way from Russia to Ottoman Palestine.
The Right to Die
Authors: Brown Jeremy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Anti-vaccination movements have been around for as long as there have been vaccinations. Among the earliest anti-vaxxers was an English Jew named Joseph Levy (1838–1913) who wrote two short books against vaccinations and argued for a religious exemption for Jews. This may have been the first example of a Jew claiming a religious exemption from vaccination. Vaccine denial has been documented across Europe, Asia, and the United States, and it is not surprising that it is also espoused in some Jewish communities. This chapter examines this phenomenon and the responses of leading Jewish organizations in the light of the Jewish imperative to save life at all costs. Mainstream Jewish movements across the religious spectrum have issued calls for their members to vaccinate. The chapter concludes by noting that there is nothing particularly Jewish about the Jewish anti-vaxxers, who are really just anti-vaxxers who happen to be Jewish.
Four Galtons and a Minsky
Authors: Schwartz Herman Mark , Blyth Mark 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter provides the global setting for the discrete growth models analyzed in the chapters on specific countries, and for the system-level chapters on regional GMs, FDI, global supply chains, and the knowledge economy. In essence, it focuses on the relationship between the global economic system and the units embedded in that system. The critical issue is the degree to which the global system conditions unit-level growth models, or conversely, the degree of independence those models exhibit in terms of their domestic growth dynamics. We lay out four approaches with increasing system-level causal effects. The chapter concludes by showing the global economy exhibits financial Minsky cycles akin to those at the national level. This helps us assess which of the four approaches captures the system and unit-level dynamic most accurately. It also complements the chapter on financialization.
Green Growth Models
Authors: Nahm Jonas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Climate policymaking presents a stern test for state capacity, as successful emissions reductions require transformations of virtually every sector of the economy. A popular political strategy to overcome vested interest opposition to such changes has been to promise “green growth” to build coalitions of decarbonization supporters that expect material benefits from green industrial change. Yet states have varied dramatically in the types of green growth strategies that they have chosen and have only in some cases been able to deliver the promised economic co-benefits as a result of climate policy. This chapter shows that divergent patterns of green growth reflect broader cross-national differences in growth models that emphasize different types of aggregate demand in the domestic economy. The associated differences in state-business relations, labor, and wage politics have had consequences for the kinds of coalitions that have emerged behind climate policy and shape the long-term trajectory of decarbonization.
Stakeholder Analysis
Authors: Ketokivi Mikko , Mahoney Joseph T. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
An organization has relationships with multiple constituencies that create value for the organization: employees, suppliers, customers, financiers, and so on. Some of these constituencies become vulnerable by voluntarily placing various bets and wagers on the outcomes of the organization; shareholders buying shares in a limited liability company is the most obvious example. We use the label stakeholder to refer to those constituencies who, by virtue of their participation in the organization, have placed sizable bets on organizational outcomes and, consequently, have something significant at stake. The purpose of the stakeholder analysis discussed in this chapter is to evaluate which constituencies have most at stake and how their cooperation can be secured by implementing the requisite governance safeguards. Because we view stakeholder governance not as a matter of categorizing constituencies into stakeholders and non-stakeholders but, rather, as a matter of degrees, informed prioritization of stakeholders becomes essential.
Saddam Hussein
Authors: Leffler Melvyn P. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Chapter 1 examines the trajectory of Saddam Hussein’s career from poverty and anonymity to unchallenged power. It highlights the role of his uncle Khairallah Talfah who introduced Hussein to Ahman Hasan al-Bakr, the future leader of the Iraqi Ba’th Party. When the Ba’th seized power in 1968, Hussein played a key role in the nationalization of the oil industry. He then employed skyrocketing revenues to modernize the country, augment its military power, and develop its weapons of mass destruction. He murdered his foes, waged war against Iran, crushed rebellious Kurds (with the use of chemical weapons), and tried to seize Kuwait. Undaunted by the coalition of nations that the United States assembled against him, Hussein spent the decade of the 1990s defying UN weapons inspectors (UNSCOM), evading sanctions, and maintaining ties with terrorist groups. Weakened but unchastened, Hussein still aspired to greatness for Iraq and unrivaled power for himself.