bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of spoilage-causing yeasts and bacteria in tchapalo, the Ivorian traditional sorghum beer
Authors: Attchelouwa C.K. , Kouakou-Kouamé C.A. , Ouattara L. , Amoikon T.L.S. , N’guessan F.K. , Marcotte S. , Charmel M. , Djè M.K. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this study, we aimed to analyse the spoilage potential of the isolated yeast, LAB and AAB species. Thus, 11 strains were inoculated at 0·3% (v/v) into a sterile filtered tchapalo and stored for 3 days at ambient temperature (27–30°C). All the tested strains grew well or remained stable except for Limosilactobacillus fermentum and Pediococcus acidilactici, which decreased throughout the storage time. A significant decrease of total soluble solids was observed only for Saccharomyces cerevisiae (from 7·8 to 5·8 °Brix) and Meyerozyma guilliermondii (from 7·8 to 5·5 °Brix). The tchapalo samples inoculated with the LAB strains Weissella paramesenteroides, P. acidilactici, L. fermentum and the yeast strain Candida tropicalis were judged similar to the control by the panellists. However, the strains of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei and Latilactobacillus curvatus (LAB), S. cerevisiae, M. guilliermondii and Kluyveromyces marxianus (yeasts) and Acetobacter pasteurianus and A. cerevisiae (AAB) induced the spoilage of the tchapalo appearance, smell and/or taste. In the spoiled tchapalo quantitative and qualitative modification of some volatile compounds (VOCs), such as lilac aldehyde, ethyl acetate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl octanoate and phenethyl acetate, were observed. These results provide information about the microorganisms that need to be removed to extend the shelf life of tchapalo.
A conserved MYB transcription factor is involved in regulating lipid metabolic pathways for oil biosynthesis in green algae
Authors: Shi Meicheng , Yu Lihua , Shi Jianan , Liu Jin 
Published: March 2022

Summary

Green algae can accumulate high levels of triacylglycerol (TAG), yet knowledge remains fragmented on the regulation of lipid metabolic pathways by transcription factors (TFs).

Here, via bioinformatics and in vitro and in vivo analyses, we revealed the roles of a myeloblastosis (MYB) TF in regulating TAG accumulation in green algae.

CzMYB1, an R2R3‐MYB from Chromochloris zofingiensis, was transcriptionally upregulated upon TAG‐inducing conditions and correlated well with many genes involved in the de novo fatty acid synthesis, fatty acid activation and desaturation, membrane lipid turnover, and TAG assembly. Most promoters of these genes were transactivated by CzMYB1 in the yeast one‐hybrid assay and contained the binding elements CNGTTA that were recognized by CzMYB1 through the electrophoretic mobility shift assay. CrMYB1, a close homologue of CzMYB1 from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that recognized similar elements for binding, also transcriptionally correlated with many lipid metabolic genes. Insertional disruption of CrMYB1 severely suppressed the transcriptional expression of CrMYB1, as well as of key lipogenic genes, and impaired TAG level considerably under stress conditions.

Our results reveal that this MYB, conserved in green algae, is involved in regulating global lipid metabolic pathways for TAG biosynthesis and accumulation.
Coupling-based Convergence Assessment of some Gibbs Samplers for High-Dimensional Bayesian Regression with Shrinkage Priors
Authors: Biswas Niloy , Bhattacharya Anirban , Jacob Pierre E. , Johndrow James E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe consider Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms for Bayesian high-dimensional regression with continuous shrinkage priors. A common challenge with these algorithms is the choice of the number of iterations to perform. This is critical when each iteration is expensive, as is the case when dealing with modern data sets, such as genome-wide association studies with thousands of rows and up to hundreds of thousands of columns. We develop coupling techniques tailored to the setting of high-dimensional regression with shrinkage priors, which enable practical, non-asymptotic diagnostics of convergence without relying on traceplots or long-run asymptotics. By establishing geometric drift and minorization conditions for the algorithm under consideration, we prove that the proposed couplings have finite expected meeting time. Focusing on a class of shrinkage priors which includes the ‘Horseshoe’, we empirically demonstrate the scalability of the proposed couplings. A highlight of our findings is that less than 1000 iterations can be enough for a Gibbs sampler to reach stationarity in a regression on 100,000 covariates. The numerical results also illustrate the impact of the prior on the computational efficiency of the coupling, and suggest the use of priors where the local precisions are Half-t distributed with degree of freedom larger than one.
Transient Regulating Characteristics of V-Port Ball Valve in Opening and Closing Process
Authors: Lin Zhe , Wang Dongrui , Tao Junyu , Zhu Zuchao , Guo Xiaomei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
V-port ball valves have been widely utilized as a control device in various fluid transmission systems, achieving the function of throttling and controlling the flow direction effectively. However, the flow characteristics for a V-port ball valve in the opening and closing processes are unclear, especially the influence of different cone angles on the valve regulation process. The present work investigates the transient regulation performance and internal flow characteristics with different cone angles of a V-port ball valve in its opening and closing processes experimentally and numerically. The results reveal that the performance parameters involving the flow rate, pressure, and flow coefficient in the opening process are greater than those in the closing process; subsequently, they become the same after stabilization. The V-port cone angle affects the flow rate, pressure, and flow coefficient significantly. The maximum flow rate and flow coefficient increases with the increase in the cone angle. The inlet pressure and the initial opening in which the outlet pressure begins to reduce decrease with an increase in the cone angle. In the valve regulation process, the interaction between the flow and the cone leading edge produces a large flow variation. As the cone angle increases, the variation degree at the leading edge weakens. The current conclusions can provide a reference for the design and optimization of V-port ball valves.
Canyon Vortices: Application of the Theory of Topographic Vortices to the Phenomenon of Ice Rings in Baikal
Authors: Zyryanov V. N. , Chebanova M. K. , Zyryanov D. V. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A phenomenon of ice rings in Lake Baikal is considered. A hydrodynamic theory is proposed according to which geostrophic vortices form under ice in the area near the ice rings. These vortices are due to bed relief, namely, underwater canyons; therefore, they are referred to as canyon vortices. It is shown that a divergent ring vortex forms under ice in the ring domain at the crossing of a vertical cylindrical Stewartson layer on the lateral surface of the canyon geostrophic vortex and under-ice horizontal Ekman layer in the form of a horizontal vortex torus, and the melting of ice below in the form of a ring is due to the formation of this vortex torus.
Guideline Values for the Content of Chemical Elements in Soils of Urban Functional Zones: A Review
Authors: Semenkov I. N. , Koroleva T. V. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract—
The Russian soil quality assessment system, where the guideline values for the content of heavy metals and metalloids derived for arable lands (mostly, in terms of the general sanitary indicator of harmfulness) are applied to soils of the residential area and the protected area of water supply sources, can be updated using international experience, e.g., substantiation of generic values for urban functional zones since, with a few exceptions, the Russian soil quality guidelines are the same for all soils of the country. In order to assess the applicability of foreign approaches to Russian realities, we have thoroughly analyzed the original and most developed legislation systems of the soil quality control in cities of Germany, Canada, and the United States, as well as the systems of Australia, New Zealand, Republic of South Africa, and the countries of the European Union, where the values are land use specific. In this paper, we summarize the principles of soil quality assessment for the contents of chemical elements, brief the methodology used in different countries and the consequences of exceeding the standards, and highlight some clues for improving the Russian soil quality assessment system. The Russian soil quality assessment system can be improved and updated by substantiating (i) the land use specific standards for cities with the focus on actual subjects of standardization (the health of ecosystems, children, or adults); (ii) the standards for different geochemical environments taking into account the specific features of migration of substances; and (iii) the standards for the soil materials used to construct lawns and roadside areas. In addition, we suggest (i) developing a comprehensive system of management decisions for the case when soil quality standards are exceeded; (ii) legitimizing the concept of historical pollution that existed before the commencement of business activities; and (iii) establishing the minimum volume of soil and the depth or set of soil horizons to be remediated or removed due to pollution.
Carbonate Groundwater—An Ore-Preserving Factor at Uranium Deposits of The Khiagda Ore Field (Republic of Buryatia)
Authors: Solodov I. N. , Nesterova M. V. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The article presents factual material substantiating the mixed supply regime of the ore-bearing aquifer at uranium deposits of the Khiagda ore field. There are two competing flows: infiltration of oxygen-containing meteoric waters and exfiltration of deep carbonate bicarbonate–magnesium groundwaters containing epigenetic reducing agents in the form of gases and dissolved organic matter of the petroleum series. Exfiltration prevails over infiltration. Carbonate groundwater containing epigenetic reducing agents forms a constantly acting reductive geochemical barrier that works as an ore-preserving factor.
Adipocyte-Derived Serum Amyloid A Promotes Angiotensin II–Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Obese C57BL/6J Mice
Authors: Shridas Preetha , Ji Ailing , Trumbauer Andrea C. , Noffsinger Victoria P. , Leung Steve W. , Dugan Adam J. , Thatcher Sean E. , Cassis Lisa A. , de Beer Frederick C. , Webb Nancy R. , Tannock Lisa R. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Obesity increases the risk for human abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) and enhances Ang II (angiotensin II)–induced AAA formation in C57BL/6J mice. Obesity is also associated with increases in perivascular fat that expresses proinflammatory markers including SAA (serum amyloid A). We previously reported that deficiency of SAA significantly reduces Ang II–induced inflammation and AAA in hyperlipidemic apoE-deficient mice. In this study. we investigated whether adipose tissue-derived SAA plays a role in Ang II–induced AAA in obese C57BL/6J mice.

Methods:

The development of AAA was compared between male C57BL/6J mice (wild type), C57BL/6J mice lacking SAA1.1, SAA2.1, and SAA3 (TKO); and TKO mice harboring a doxycycline-inducible, adipocyte-specific SAA1.1 transgene (TKO-Tg
fat
; SAA expressed only in fat). All mice were fed an obesogenic diet and doxycycline to induce SAA transgene expression and infused with Ang II to induce AAA.

Results:

In response to Ang II infusion, SAA expression was significantly increased in perivascular fat of obese C57BL/6J mice. Maximal luminal diameters of the abdominal aorta were determined by ultrasound before and after Ang II infusion, which indicated a significant increase in aortic luminal diameters in wild type and TKO-TG
fat
mice but not in TKO mice. Adipocyte-specific SAA expression was associated with MMP (matrix metalloproteinase) activity and macrophage infiltration in abdominal aortas of Ang II–infused obese mice.

Conclusions:
We demonstrate for the first time that SAA deficiency protects obese C57BL/6J mice from Ang II–induced AAA. SAA expression only in adipocytes is sufficient to cause AAA in obese mice infused with Ang II.
Serial CT for Nonoperatively Managed Splenic Injuries
Authors: Byerly Saskya E. , Jones Michael D. , Lenart Emily K. , Seger Catherine P. , Filiberto Dina M. , Lewis Richard H. , Kerwin Andrew J. , Magnotti Louis J. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction The role of serial computed tomography (CT) in the nonoperative management of blunt splenic injuries (NOMSIs) remains unclear. The purpose of the study was to determine the utility of serial CT of Grade 2-5 NOMSI in the modern era. Methods Blunt splenic injuries were identified over a 3.5-year period, ending in 6/2020. Our institutional protocol for NOMSI mandates a repeat 24-hour CT for Grade 2-5 injuries. Patients age<18, Grade 1 injuries and patients that underwent intervention prior to repeat scan were excluded. Demographics, comorbidities, timing of events (admission, CTs, splenectomy, and angiography), injury details, procedural details, total transfusion requirements, complications, length of stay, mortality, and discharge disposition were recorded. Descriptive statistics were performed. Results 219 patients with Grade 2-5 NOMSI had both an initial and 24-hour CT after exclusions. 24-hour CT identified 14 patients with new PSA(s) and 11 (5%) went to angiography within 24 hours with 9 (4%) undergoing angioembolization and 4 (2%) had splenectomy. Two hundred and four (93%) had no intervention though eventually 12 went on to angiography and 6 went for splenectomy. The 24-hour CT rarely altered management in the absence of clinical indication or prior PSA on initial CT with 5 (2%) receiving a therapeutic embolization and 2 (1%) had a nontherapeutic angiogram. No deaths were attributable to splenic injury. Conclusions Routine 24-hour CT for NOMSI did not impact management. Clinical status and change in exam may warrant repeat CT in select cases in the setting of a plausible alternate explanation. Prompt angioembolization or splenectomy is more appropriate in clear-cut cases of failed NOMSI.
Long-term outcome of spontaneous isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection in different angiographic types
Authors: Liu Dingxiao , Shu Chang , Li Ming , Li Xin , Yang Chenzi , Zhang Weichang 
Published: March 2022

Objective This study aimed to compare the follow-up and outcomes of spontaneous isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection (SISMAD) in different angiographic types and to determine the optimal therapeutic options for SISMAD patients. Methods This is a retrospective study of 61 SISMAD patients between December 2010 and January 2019 in a single center. Data analysis consisted of demographics, clinical data, radiology review, treatment, follow-up, and outcomes. Results A total of 61 SISMAD patients were reviewed in this study. Median age was 53 (quartile, 47.5–63.0), 90.2% were males with hypertension (50.8%), dyslipidaemia (54.1%), and smoking history (60.7%). Among all, 43 patients underwent periodic follow-up of computed tomography (CT) angiography for follow-up analysis. 11 (25.6%) patients showed “No Change” during follow-up, including 6 type I patients. 23 patients (53.5%) were “Partially Remodelled” and 18 of them were type II patients. 7 “Completely Remodelled” patients (16.3%) were all in type II group. Two type III patients (4.6%) died after the emergent surgical intervention within 30 days. Conclusions Different SISMAD angiographic types present with variant progression. Type I SISMAD may be inclined to remain “unchanged.” Type II SISMAD shows a clear trend to remodeling, especially type IIb patients. The progression of type III SISMAD varies in the extent of collateral bypasses.
Drive-Through Urgent Care Centers: Could They Be the Future of Healthcare Facilities?
Authors: Aghaei Parsa , Bayramzadeh Sara , Ahmadpour Sahar 
Published: March 2022

Objective This study assessed the perception of people toward drive-through healthcare services, their willingness to use them, and the scope of services they would like to receive in a post-pandemic world. Background The abrupt spread of COVID-19 urged healthcare facilities to adopt new infection-control measures. Drive-through testing facilities were implemented as one of the measures to minimize physical contact between healthcare workers and test-takers. Many studies describe drive-through models’ merits, but people’s opinions about them as a permanent attachment to healthcare facilities are unclear. Methods An online survey was distributed through snowball sampling. The survey solicited feedback from adults who lived in the United States. The survey consisted of Likert-type and multiple-choice questions and was completed by176 eligible participants. Results The use of drive-through pharmacies increased after the spread of COVID-19. Most people agreed drive-through healthcare services could be more convenient and safer to use. People prefer to have their vitals checked, and vaccinations received in a drive-through because of the improved infection-control matters and increased comfort; however, they are neutral about the level of privacy they have and the hygiene of drive-through healthcare settings. Conclusions This study shows permanent drive-throughs offering medical services benefit people in times of crisis for the perceived infection control purposes and the improved convenience. A drive-through model can redefine the waiting experience and serve as a new safe triage system in urgent care centers. Drive-through urgent care centers can be adopted as a hybrid of telemedicine and in-person visits.
Characteristics of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients Pre- and During COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learnt From a National Referral Hospital in Indonesia
Authors: Yunir Em , Tarigan Tri Juli Edi , Iswati Eni , Sarumpaet Angela , Christabel Eunike Vania , Widiyanti Delina , Wisnu Wismandari , Purnamasari Dyah , Kurniawan Farid , Rosana Martha , Anestherita Fitri , Muradi Akhmadu , Tahapary Dicky L. 
Published: March 2022

Background: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the most terrifying diabetic complications for patients, due to the high mortality rate and risk for amputation. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many diabetic patients limited their visits to the hospital, resulting in delays for treatment especially in emergency cases. Objective: This study aimed to compare the characteristics of patients with DFU pre- and during COVID-19 pandemic period. Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort study using foot registry data. We compared our patients’ characteristics pre-COVID-19 pandemic period (1 March 2019-28 February 2020) and during COVID-19 pandemic period (1 March 2020-28 February 2021). Results: Cohorts of 84 and 71 patients with DFU pre- and during COVID-19 pandemic period, respectively, were included in this study. High infection grade (66.7% vs 83.1%, P = .032), osteomyelitis event (72.6% vs 87.3%, P = .04), leukocyte count (15 565.0/μL vs 20 280.0/μL, P = .002), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (7.7 vs 12.1, P = .008), waiting time-to-surgery (39.0 h vs 78.5 h, P = .034), and number of major amputation (20.2% vs 39.4%, P = .014) were significantly higher during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with DFU had more severe infection, higher proportion of osteomyelitis, longer waiting time for getting surgical intervention, and higher incidence of major amputation.
Adaptation and Validation of the Spine Oncology Study Group Outcomes Questionnaire in Italian Language
Authors: Brodano Giovanni Barbanti , Pesce Eleonora , Griffoni Cristiana , Carretta Elisa , Noli Luigi Emanuele , Errani Costantino , Trentin Federica , Leopardi Martina Piccinni , Mavilla Loredana , Gasbarrini Alessandro 
Published: March 2022

Study design Prospective observational study Objective The population of patients with advanced stages of cancer, including metastatic spinal disease, is growing because of better treatment options allowing for longer control of disease. The main goal of treatment for these patients is to improve or maintain their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). A spine oncology-specific outcome measure has been developed by the Spine Oncology Study Group and validated through international studies. We proposed to translate and validate the questionnaire in Italian language. Methods The cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire has been performed according to guidelines previously proposed. After this process, an observational prospective study has been conducted to validate the efficacy of SOSGOQ in Italian language. SOSGOQ has been compared to SF-36 (Short Form Health Survey-36), a generic validated questionnaire to assess HRQOL. Starting from January 2020, SOSGOQ and SF-36 questionnaires were auto-administered to 150 patients affected by spinal metastases who provided written informed consent for study participation. Results The confirmatory factor analysis on the 4 domains examined showed a good model fit (comparative fit index, .95; RMSEA .07 (90% CI, .05-.09) and SRMR, .05), endorsing construct validity. The analysis of concurrent validity demonstrated strong correlation for physical function, pain and mental health domains with the corresponding domain scores of SF-36. The reliability across item was high with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of .91. Conclusions The statistical analysis of the results will allow to accept the Italian version of SOSGOQ as a specific and efficient tool to measure HRQOL in Italian-speaking patients affected by spinal metastases.
Radiological Features in Type II Odontoid Fractures in Older Adults After High- and Low-Energy Trauma
Authors: Lenga Pavlina , Issa Mohammed , Krull Lennart , Kiening Karl , Unterberg Andreas W. , Schneider Till , Oskouian Rod J. , Chapman Jens R. , Ishak Basem 
Published: March 2022

Study design Retrospective study. Objectives Although type II odontoid fractures mainly occur due to high-energy trauma (HET), the number of odontoid type II fractures after low-energy trauma (LET) in the elderly is on the rise. However, there is a paucity of conclusive evidence on the relationship between trauma mechanism and cervical spine alignment in the elderly population. Consequently, we examined cervical alignment and osteoporotic and osteoarthritic patterns in elderly individuals (aged ≥65 years) with type II odontoid fractures. Methods We retrospectively assessed cervical spine alignment in 76 elderly individuals who experienced type II odontoid fractures after HET (n = 36) and LET (n = 40) between 2005 and 2020. Osteoporotic and osteoarthritic changes on computed tomography and cervical alignment parameters on sagittal plane radiographs were examined. Results Moderate and severe osteoporosis of the dens-body junction and osteoarthritis of the atlanto-odontoid joint were more prevalent in the LET than the HET group ( P<.005). The anterior atlantodental interval (ADI) was significantly smaller in the LET group than in the HET group (.7 [.7] millimeter vs 1.2 [.8] mm; P=.003). An ADI equal 0 mm indicative for anterior fusion of C1/C2 was present in 37.5% of patients of the LET group. The C0-C2 angle, C1-C2 lordosis, and C2-C7 sagittal vertical axis were significantly different (HET vs LET: 33.2 [7.2]° vs 41.6 [11.4]°, P=.005; 28.1 [7.0]° vs 34.0 [8.0]°, P=.002; and 16.1 [11.1] millimeter vs 27.1 [12.4] mm, P=.008; respectively). Conclusion Significantly higher rates of osteoporotic and degenerative changes were observed after LET. Furthermore, previous cervical malalignment represents a risk factor for type II odontoid fractures after LET.