bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization and kinetic study of Ibuprofen Biodegradation by native bacterial Citrobacter strains PPYI-2 and YPI-2
Authors: Kumar Dharmender , Chopra Sunil 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Ibuprofen (IBU) is the third most used drug in the world.This enters our water system due to human excretion discharge. Thus, it attracts the attention of environmentalists for their environmental fate and degradation behavior. In the present study, the two IBU degrading Citrobacter freundii strain PYI-2 (MT039504) and Citrobacter portucalensis strain YPI-2 (MN744335) was isolated using enrichment culture technique, identified, and characterized from industrial wastewater samples. Their physiological and batch culture degradation studies have indicated that these strains involved in IBU degradation and their intermediates produced during were analyzed. These strains degrade IBU in the batch culture. The Design Expert® software suggested the optimum pH conditions for the growth of PYI2 and YPI2 were 6.9 and 5.8 and the optimum temperatures were, 42°C and 32°C, respectively. This was also seen during experimental study. After degradation, the GC-MS analysis of the chromatogram peaks indicated that hydroxyibuprofen, 2- (4-hydroxyphenyl-) propionic acid, 1,4-hydroquinone, and 2-hydroxy-1,4-quinol intermediate compounds were identified, with the retention time of 14.987, 15.654, 11.765, and 10.827, respectively. Finally, on the basis of analysis of GC-MS data, the metabolic pathway for degradation was predicted by Pathpred (online tool), and other research data available for the degradation of IBU. Therefore, these strains have shown the potential for the degradation of IBU and they can be deployed for further use in the bioremediation program.
A Novel Installation Parameter Optimization Design Method of Forming Tool for Screw Rotor
Authors: Liu Zongmin , Wang Jirui , Tang Qian , Liu Ning , Xing Bin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Characterized by a complex contour profile involving arc, cycloid and involute, etc., the screw rotor is usually manufactured by a forming tool. The finished surface quality and efficiency of the screw rotor are determined by the cutting performance of the forming tool. However, the machining performance of the forming tool is closely related to the structure shape of cutting edge, which is then determined by the installation parameters of the forming tool. Therefore, to make the cutting performance of forming tool controllable, it is essential investigate the relationship between the cutting performance of the forming tool and its installation parameters at the design stage. In this paper, a novel installation parameter optimization design method of forming tool for screw rotor is presented. A parametric optimization program is designed to finalize the range of installation parameters satisfying the spatial meshing relation and machining equipment parameters. The profile characteristics of forming tool under different center distances and mounting angles have been investigated. For validation, several screw rotors were ground in experiments and the resulted profile errors were analyzed. The results show that the cost of precision grinding of screw rotor can be significantly reduced, without compromise of machining quality. As such, the proposed design method could serve as a promising platform to faciliate screw rotor manufacture.
Generic model for biological regulation
Authors: Vihinen Mauno 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Substantial portion of molecules in an organism is involved in regulation of a wide spectrum of biological processes. Several models have been presented for various forms of biological regulation, including gene expression regulation and physiological regulation; however, a generic model is missing. Recently a new unifying theory in biology, poikilosis, was presented. Poikilosis indicates that all systems display intrinsic heterogeneity, which is a normal state. Here, the concept of poikilosis allowed development of a model for biological regulation applicable to all types of regulated systems. The perturbation-lagom-TATAR countermeasures-regulator (PLTR) model combines the effects of perturbation and lagom (allowed and sufficient extent of heterogeneity) in a system with tolerance, avoidance, repair, attenuation and resistance (TARAR) countermeasures, and possible regulators. There are three modes of regulation, two of which are lagom-related. In the first scenario, lagom is maintained, both intrinsic (passive) and active TARAR countermeasures can be involved. In the second mode, there is a shift from one lagom to another. In the third mode, reguland regulation, the regulated entity is the target of a regulatory shift, which is often irreversible or requires action of another regulator to return to original state. After the shift, the system enters to lagom maintenance mode, but at new lagom extent. The model is described and elaborated with examples and applications, including medicine and systems biology. Consequences of non-lagom extent of heterogeneity are introduced, along with a novel idea for therapy by reconstituting biological processes to lagom extent, even when the primary effect cannot be treated.
High incorporation of magnetite nanoparticles inside tetraaza macrocyclic Schiff base cavity : Spectroscopic characterization and modeling by DFT calculation
Authors: BAOUAB Mohamed Hassen V , Fra Sarah Ben Haj , Chaabene Marwa , Agren Soumaya , haskouri Jamal , Lahcini Mohammed , Chaâbane Rafik Ben 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This work presents a simple synthesis of tetraaza macrocyclic Schiff base ligand (C40H28N4), its complex [(C40H28N4)@Fe(II)], and a novel complex of magnetite Fe3O4NPs incorporated inside tetraaza macrocyclic cavity [(C40H28N4)@Fe3O4NPs] in order to obtain well-dispersed nanoparticles. The characterization and structural identification were carried out by 1H NMR, 13C and DEPT 135 NMR spectroscopy as well by X-ray spectroscopy, FT-IR, and finally by ATG using both experimental and theoretical methods. XRD measurements indicate that the presence of Schiff's bases does not modify the crystal structure of the nanoparticles (approximately 11 nm). FT-IR was used to illuminate the presence of Fe3O4NPs in tetrahedral and octahedral sites as well as their coordination with imine (C=N) of tetraaza macrocyclic. The UV–Vis spectra and frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) of the title compounds were calculated at TD-DFT/CAM-B3LYP-D3/6-311 G (d, p) level of theory. The corresponding calculated results yield shows a good agreement with the experimental data. The morphological characterization of the nanoparticles was carried out by SEM which revealed that the shape of the NPs was generally spherical. The SEM images also show that the nanoparticles prepared by in-situ with co-precipitation method were able to form stable complexes. Thermal characterization by ATG shows that there is 64% of the magnetite nanoparticles formed in-situ which corresponds to a grafting density of 25 mmol.g−1.
Serum Oncomarkers In Patients With MPO-ANCA-Positive AAV: Diagnostic And Prognostic Predictive Values For Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Yang Shuqiao , Zhan Xi , Wang Jing , Fan Yali , Ma Ruimin , Ye Qiao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To explore in myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (MPO-AAV) the value of circulating oncomarkers in identifying interstitial lung disease (ILD) and predicting prognosis. Methods: Newly diagnosed MPO-AAV patients were recruited retrospectively at a single center. The serum levels of carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, CA125, cytokeratin fraction 21-1 (CYFRA21-1), carcinoembryonic antigen, squamous cell carcinoma antigen and neuron-specific enolase were compared between patients with and without ILD. The strength of the oncomarkers in identifying ILD was assessed through logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Correlation analysis was applied to detect the associations between oncomarkers and ILD severity. The significance of serum oncomarkers as prognosis predictors for MPO-AAV associated ILD was evaluated by survival analysis. Results: 169 MPO-AAV patients were included and ILD was found in 101 patients. Serum CA125, CA19-9 and CYFRA21-1 were significantly higher in patients with ILD than those without ILD. The area under the ROC curve of CA19-9, CA125, and CYFRA21-1 for identifying ILD was 0.701, 0.660, and 0.711, respectively. A specificity of 98.5% for diagnosing ILD was found for CA19-9 at the recommended normal level. CA19-9 was positively correlated with HRCT fibrosis score (r = 0.498, p < 0.001) and CYFRA21-1 was correlated with ground-glass score (r = 0.316, p = 0.002). Both CA19-9 and CYFRA21-1 were independent risk factors for all-cause mortality in patients with ILD. Conclusion: Serum CA19-9 and CYFRA21-1 maybe useful markers in the diagnosis, disease severity evaluation and prognosis prediction of MPO-AAV associated ILD.
Soil microbial communities and nitrogen associated with cheatgrass invasion in a sagebrush shrubland
Authors: Reitstetter Raven , Yang Ben , Tews Aaron D. , Barberan Albert 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cheatgrass invasion of Intermountain sagebrush steppe in the Western US poses increasing challenges to the function and survival of this native ecosystem. The invasive success and persistence of cheatgrass has been attributed to its physiology, phenology, and recently to increases in soil nitrogen levels. We investigated whether cheatgrass invasion of sagebrush/native bunchgrass communities elevated soil ammonium and nitrate levels, and resulted in soil microbial community diversity and composition changes. Our results did not reveal an increase in nitrogen ions, but showed a shift in soil microbial communities towards bacterial functional groups that can promote nitrogen accumulation in cheatgrass invaded communities.
Antimicrobial resistance and rational use of medicine: knowledge, perceptions, and training of clinical health professions students in Uganda
Authors: Kanyike Andrew Marvin , Olum Ronald , Kajjimu Jonathan , Owembabazi Shebah , Ojilong Daniel , Nassozi Dianah Rhoda , Amongin Joan Fidelia , Atulinda Linda , Agaba Kenneth , Agira Drake , Wamala Nicholas Kisaakye , Buule Richard , Nabukeera Germinah , Kyomuhendo Robert , Luwano Rehema , Owobusingye Whitney , Matovu Dissan , Musoke Philip , Bongomin Felix , Kiyimba Kenedy 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an important global health concern, projected to contribute to significant mortality, particularly in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the knowledge, perceptions of clinical health professions students towards antimicrobial resistance and rational use of medicine and confidence level to prescribe antimicrobials. Methods: An online descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among clinical health professions students across 9 medical schools in Uganda. A semi-structured questionnaire using Kobo Toolbox form was shared among participants via WhatsApp Messenger (Meta, California, USA). Knowledge was categorized using modified Bloom’s cut-off. One-way ANOVA, Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression were used to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: We surveyed 681 participants, most were pursuing a Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery degree (n=433, 63.6%), with a mean age of 24 (standard deviation: 3.6) years. Most participants (n=596, 87.5%) had sufficient knowledge about antimicrobial resistance with a mean score of 85 ± 14.2%. There was a significant difference in mean knowledge scores of year 4 (86.6%) compared to year 3 (82.4%) (p=0.002) and year 5 (88.0%) compared to year 3 (82.4%) (p<0.001). Most participants (n=456, 66.9%), were confident on making an accurate diagnosis of infection, and choosing the correct antimicrobial agent to use (n=484, 71.1%). Conclusion: Health profession students exhibited good knowledge on antimicrobial resistance and high self-perceived confidence on antimicrobial prescriptions however they still agreed that a separated course unit on AMR is necessary.
A Boundary Lubrication Model And Experimental Study Considering ZDDP Tribofilms On Reciprocating Friction Pairs
Authors: Lyu Bugao , Zhang Limin , Meng Xianghui , Wang Chengen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Boundary lubrication state may dominate the friction pairs operating under severe conditions, yet its mechanism is not clearly understood and related numerical models are still lacking. A boundary lubrication model considering zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) tribofilms, which impact the friction and wear performances, is developed in this study. A series of reciprocating experiments are conducted to verify this model and also to investigate the effects of the tribofilm on friction and wear under various temperatures and loads. Moreover the experimental data are employed to modify the tribofilm remove model, which enables the present boundary lubrication model to be applied under a wide range of loads. The results show that the friction force and wear depth both decline with the increasing lubricant temperature due to a thicker tribofilm formed. As the load becomes heavier, the wear depth keeps increasing, while the tribofilm thickness first  increases then decreases.
Tolerability of Eribulin and Correlation Between Polymorphisms and Neuropathy in an Unselected Population of Female Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer: Results of The Multicenter, Single Arm, Phase IV PAINTER Study
Authors: VERDE NICLA LA , DAMIA GIOVANNA , GARRONE ORNELLA , SANTINI DANIELE , FABI ALESSANDRA , CICCARESE MARIANGELA , GENERALI DANIELE GIULIO , NUNZI MARTINA , POLETTO ELENA , FERRARIS ELISA , CRETELLA ELISABETTA , SCANDURRA GIUSEPPA , MEATTINI ICRO , BERTOLINI ALESSANDRO STEFANO , CAVANNA LUIGI , COLLOVA' ELENA , ROMAGNOLI EMANUELA , RULLI ELIANA , LEGRAMANDI LORENZO , GUFFANTI FEDERICA , BRAMATI ANNALISA , MORETTI ANNA , CASSANO ALESSANDRA , VICI PATRIZIA , TORRI VALTER , FARINA GABRIELLA 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUNDMetastatic breast cancer (MBC) is an incurable disease and its treatment focuses on prolonging patients (pts) overall survival (OS) and improving their quality of life. eribulin is a microtubule inhibitor that increases OS in pre-treated MBC pts. Its common adverse events (AEs) are asthenia, neutropenia and peripheral neuropathy (PN).METHODSThe PAINTER is a single arm, phase IV study, aimed at surveying eribulin tolerability in MBC pts. Secondary objectives were to explore incidence and severity of PN, its association with genetic polymorphisms, and the description of treatment efficacy and safety. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples and 15 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped by Taqman specific assays. The associations between PN and SNPs were evaluated by Fisher exact test.RESULTSFrom May 2014 to June 2018 180 pts were enrolled from 20 Italian centers; 170 were evaluable for efficacy and toxicity and 159 for polymorphisms analysis. Median age was 60 years, biological subtypes were luminal type (64.7%), Her2 positive (18.3%) and triple negative (17%). Pts were pretreated with a median of 5 lines for MBC. With a median follow up of 15.4 months, a median number of eribulin cycles of 4.5 (minimum-maximum 1-23), median overall survival was 12 months. 48.8% of pts experienced dose reduction, mainly for neutropenia (23.9%) and liver injury (12%). 65 pts (38.2%) reported at least one severe toxicity. Neutropenia and neurotoxicity were the most frequent severe AEs (15.3% and 14.7% respectively); other toxicities were osteo-muscular, abdominal or tumor site pain (19.4%), liver injury (6.6%), pulmonary toxicity (6.5%) and dermatological (3.6%), Among the 15 evaluated SNPs, an association with PN was found for rs2233335 and rs7214723. CONCLUSIONSEribulin is a well-tolerated treatment in MBC. Schedule and dosage modifications were common, but toxicity rarely led to treatment discontinuation. SNPs rs2233335 (G/T and T/T) in NDRG1 gene and rs7214723 (CC and CT) in CAMKK1 gene were associated with PN. These findings, if validated, could allow a tailored eribulin treatment in cancer patients.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02864030EudraCT: 2013-004600-19
Positive end-expiratory pressure selection by comprehensively considering clinical measurements and patient characteristics may improve ICU outcome in ARDS patients: an observational study
Authors: Ge Huiqing , Pan Qing , Zhou Yuhan , Qian Yilin , Zhang Zhongheng , Fang Luping , Ning Gangmin , Heunks Leo M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: It remains controversial as how to set positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients. This study aims to provide suggestions to the clinicians in selecting PEEP for ARDS patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation based on artificial intelligence (AI).Methods: Invasively ventilated ARDS patients in MIMIC-IV and eICU databases were enrolled in the observational cohort study. An AI model trained by awarding survival for suggesting optimal PEEP was developed and tested on the MIMIC-IV database and externally validated on the eICU database. Three subgroups were defined in which the PEEP grades set by the AI model are lower, equal, and higher than that set by the clinicians (denoted as , , and , respectively). Intensive care unit (ICU) mortality and 28-day ventilation-free days are the primary and secondary outcomes.Results: 6839 (MIMIC-IV) and 2117 (eICU) ARDS admissions were included in the study. The ICU mortalities are 10.8% and 8.6% in the subgroup in the MIMIC-IV and eICU databases, respectively, and become higher in the and subgroups (MIMIC-IV: 25.6% and 23.7%, eICU: 26.9% and 27.6%). An explainable analysis reflects that the clinicians’ PEEP setting relates more to the oxygenation, respiratory mechanics, and ventilatory settings, while the RL model also pays attention to the more comprehensive parameters concerning patient characteristics such as Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and age.Conclusions: AI-based PEEP selection tends to consider clinical measurements and patient characteristics comprehensively, and is promising to improve the ICU outcomes for ARDS patients.
Influence of Skeletal Muscle Volume Loss During Lenvatinib Treatment on Prognosis in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Study in Tohoku, Japan
Authors: Fujita Masashi , Abe Kazumichi , Kuroda Hidekatsu , Oikawa Takayoshi , Ninomiya Masashi , Masamune Atsushi , Okumoto Kazuo , Katsumi Tomohiro , Sato Wataru , Ijima Katsunori , Endo Tetsu , Fukuda Shinsaku , Tanabe Nobukazu , Mumao Hiroshi , Takikawa Yasuhiro , Ueno Yoshiyuki , Ohira Hiromasa 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Sarcopenia is associated with poor prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated the association of skeletal muscle volume (SMV) and its change in HCC patients taking lenvatinib. In 132 HCC patients, psoas mass index (PMI) was calculated as the left-right sum of the vertical × horizontal diameter of psoas muscle at the third lumbar vertebra, divided by height squared. Patients were classified into two groups (low and normal PMI) based on indices of <6.0 cm2/m2 for man and <3.4 cm2/m2 for women. Change in PMI per month during the lenvatinib administration period (ΔPMI/m) was calculated; and patients were classified into two groups (severe and mild atrophy) based on the ΔPMI/m rate, as ≥1% or <1%, respectively. There was no significant difference in Overall survival (OS) between the low and normal PMI groups at the start of lenvatinib administration. OS was significantly lower in the severe atrophy group than in the mild atrophy group (median; 15.2 vs. 25.6 months, P = 0.004). Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association of severe atrophy with OS (hazard ratio 2.503, P = 0.007). Progressive loss of SMV is a strong predictor of poor prognosis in HCC patients taking lenvatinib.
Facile synthesis of ferrocene-based polyamides and their organic analogues terpolyamides: Influence of aliphatic and aromatic sequences on physico-chemical characteristics
Authors: Khan Tehmina , akhter zareen , Gul Asghari , Bhatti ARSHAD SALEEM , Rehman Adeela 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Efforts have been devoted to synthesize and characterize processable polymers with desired properties. Herein, four different series of aromatic and aliphatic terpolyamides were prepared via solution phase polycondensation of 4,4’-oxydianiline and hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) with various diacids chlorides (isophthalyol dichloride, terepthalyol dichloride, 1, 1'- ferrocene dicarboxylic acid chloride and trans-azobenzene-4, 4'-dicarbonyl chloride). The structural, morphological and physico-chemical nature of as prepared polymers was explored by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal analysis (TGA and DSC), and wide-angle x-ray diffraction (WAXRD). Moreover, an aliphatic diamine was incorporated in varying concentration as a flexible methylene spacer and the effect of its concentration on the properties of polyamides was also studied. Changes in various physico-chemical properties such as solubility, inherent viscosity, surface morphology and flame retarding behaviour were investigated. Marked difference in morphology and solubility was observed with the change in the ratio of segments in the chain. Inherent viscosities of polymers ranged from 1.8052-1.6274 dl/g indicating reasonably moderate molecular weights. Interestingly, ferrocene based aromatic polymers were more thermally stable (Tg 260 oC, Ti 310 oC, Th 525 oC, Tf 720 oC, for PF0 ), and also found to exhibit best flame retarding behavior (limiting oxygen index (LOI) value for PF0is LOI 33.15 %).
Host genomes for the unique SARS-CoV-2 variant leaked into Antarctic soil metagenomic sequencing data
Authors: Csabai Istvan , Solymosi Norbert 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Recently Csabai et al.1 have found a most likely contaminated metagenomic sample set from Antarctica that contained traces of unique SARS-CoV-2 variants. This is a short followup of that report where we attempt to find genetic footprint of the hosts. With reasonable confidence we could identify genetic material from mitochondria of Homo sapiens, green monkey and Chinese hamster. The latter two most probably originated from cell lines Vero E6 (or COS-7) and CHO respectively, which are frequent laboratory culture media for studying viruses including SARS-CoV-2 and its closest relatives.