bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, etiology, and biopsychosocial risk factors of cervicogenic dizziness in patients with neck pain: A multi-center, cross-sectional study
Authors: Vural Meltem , Karan Ayşe , Albayrak Gezer İlknur , Çalışkan Ahmet , Atar Sevgi , Yıldız Aydın Filiz , Coşkun Benlidayı İlke , Gökşen Aylin , Koldaş Doğan Şebnem , Karacan Gülçin , Erdem Rana , Eda Kurt Emine , Nur Kesiktaş Fatma , Aydın Tuğba , Şahin Nilay , Aydın Zafer , Ordahan Banu , Türkoğlu Gözde , Reşorlu Hatice , Döner Davut , Yılmaz Figen , Bertan Hüseyin , Dülgeroğlu Deniz , Zeliha Karaahmet Özgür , Sonel Tur Birkan , Moustafa Esra , Borman Pınar , İskender Öner , Ay Saime , Kurtaran Aydan , Şirzai Hülya , Evcik Deniz , Çapan Nalan , Erhan Belgin , Kerem Alptekin Hasan , İbrahim Ural Halil 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the prevalence, etiology, and risk factors of cervicogenic dizziness in patients with neck pain.
Patients and methods: Between June 2016 and April 2018, a total of 2,361 patients (526 males, 1,835 females; mean age: 45.0±13.3 years; range, 18 to 75 years) who presented with the complaint of neck pain lasting for at least one month were included in this prospective, cross-sectional study. Data including concomitant dizziness, severity, and quality of life (QoL) impact of vertigo (via Numeric Dizziness Scale [NDS]), QoL (via Dizziness Handicap Inventory [DHI]), mobility (via Timed Up-and-Go [TUG] test), balance performance [via Berg Balance Scale [BBS]), and emotional status (via Hospital Anxiety- Depression Scale [HADS]) were recorded.
Results: Dizziness was evident in 40.1% of the patients. Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) was the most common etiology for neck pain (58.5%) and accompanied with cervicogenic dizziness in 59.7% of the patients. Female versus male sex (odds ratio [OR]: 1.641, 95% CI: 1.241 to 2.171, p=0.001), housewifery versus other occupations (OR: 1.285, 95% CI: 1.006 to 1.642, p=0.045), and lower versus higher education (OR: 1.649-2.564, p<0.001) significantly predicted the increased risk of dizziness in neck pain patients. Patient with dizziness due to MPS had lower dizziness severity scores (p=0.034) and milder impact of dizziness on QoL (p=0.005), lower DHI scores (p=0.004), shorter time to complete the TUG test (p=0.001) and higher BBS scores (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest a significant impact of biopsychosocial factors on the likelihood and severity of dizziness and association of dizziness due to MPS with better clinical status.
Perspectives on Salmon Aquaculture: Current Status, Challenges and Genetic Improvement for Future Growth
Authors: E. Barasa James , Nasimiyu Mukhongo Purity , Chepkemoi Ngetich Cynthia 
Published: January 2022

With an estimated global value of US$15.6 billion, farmed salmonids represent a precious food resource, which is also the fastest increasing food producing industry with annual growth of 7% in production. A total average of 3,594,000 metric tonnes was produced in 2020, behind Chinese and Indian carps, tilapias and catfishes. Lead producers of farmed salmonids are Norway, Chile, Faroe, Canada and Scotland, stimulated by increasing global demand and market. However, over the last 2 years, production has been declining, occasioned by effects of diseases as well as rising feed costs. Over the last year, production has declined sharply due to effects of covid-19. This chapter reviews the species in culture, systems of culture, environmental footprints of salmon culture, and market trends in salmon culture. Burden of diseases, especially Infectious pancreatic Necrosis, Infectious salmon anemia and furunculosis, as well as high cost of feed formulation, key challenges curtailing growth of the salmon production industry, are discussed. A review is made of the international salmon genome sequencing effort, selective breeding for disease resistance, and the use of genomics to mitigate challenges of diseases that stifle higher production of salmonids globally.
Pattern of ocular Diseases among Children under Five Years of Age in Southeast, Nigeria
Authors: Onwuegbuna Arinze Anthony , Ijeoma Apakama Akunne , Akujuobi Chianakwalam Emeka , Chika Amobi Miriam-Benigna 
Published: January 2022

Background: Children under 5 years are prone to ocular disorders which could be congenital or acquired. Early recognition of these conditions and timely intervention enhances optimum results. There is paucity of data on the pattern of ocular disorders among these children in Nigeria and this makes it difficult for policy makers to plan health systems that will target this very important group of the population.
Aim: To determine the pattern of ocular diseases among children less than 5 years of age in Onitsha, Anambra state Nigeria.
Methods: This was a retrospective study of children under 5 years of age that presented to City of Refuge Specialist Eye Clinic Onitsha, Nigeria between January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2020. Their case files were retrieved and relevant information extracted. Sociodemographics, month of presentation to the eye clinic and diagnoses were analyzed.
Results: A total of 133 children were studied. The patients comprised 85 (63.9%) males and 48 (36.1%) females, with an approximate male to female ratio of 1.8:1. Eye diseases seen were both congenital 32(24.1%) and acquired 101 (75.9%). Of the congenital type, 20 (62.5%) were males, while 12 (37.5%) were females. Most common ocular morbidities recorded were allergic conjunctivitis 41(30.8%) and infective conjunctivitis 34(25.6%).
Conclusion: Most of the causes of ocular morbidity in this study were preventable or treatable. Therefore, early detection and management of eye diseases in children will reduce complications in later life.
Association between a SLC23A2 Gene Variation, Plasma Vitamin C Levels, and Risk of Different Diseases
Authors: Darwish Hassan Sadek , Al-Ghammari Amal , Al-Amrani Fatma , Al-Saadi Khaloud , Al-Hatmi Munira , Al-Hasani Najla , Al-Khusaibi Tasneem 
Published: January 2022

Background: Vitamin C is an important plasma water-soluble antioxidant that plays an essential role in the absorption of iron, detoxification of exogenous compounds, and remaking vitamin E for the protection of lipid membranes. In addition, vitamin C is essential in the synthesis of collagen. Vitamin C concentrations of plasma are determined by dietary intake and genetic factors. Ascorbic acid is the functional form of vitamin C, which is transported into the cell through sodium vitamin C transporters (SVCTs). There are two forms of SVCTs which are SVCT1 encoded by the SLC23A1 gene and SVCT2 encoded by the SLC23A2. The SLC23A2 gene locus on human chromosome 20P12. It expresses in most human tissues, except lung and skeletal muscle that it is important in regulating the intracellular concentration of ascorbic acid to protect the cell from oxidative stress and promote type 1 collagen maturation. Maintaining proper concentrations of plasma and cellular vitamin C concentration is important for the normal metabolic function of the body and preventing several diseases. In the contrast, a low concentration of vitamin C caused by SLC23A2 variation can cause several chronic diseases. Our systematic review discusses four diseases related to the variation of SLC23A2 gene and plasma vitamin C levels which are glaucoma, acute coronary syndrome among women, gastric cancer, and HPV16-associated head and neck cancer.
Methods: By using NCBI databases, specifically GenBank to analyze DNA sequence and mRNA sequence of SLC23A2 gene. GenBank file format was helpful to extract an accession number of the gene, number of amino acids, number of exons and introns, and length of nucleotides. FASTA format was also useful to retrieve the nucleotide sequence and get the function of the protein. BLAST was used to compare the protein product of the SLC23A2 gene between humans and Macaca mulatta (Rhesus monkey).
Results: the accession number of the SLC23A2 gene was NC_000020.11, the number of exons found was 18, and the gene was located in chromosome 20. This gene encodes one of the two required transporters, and the encoded protein accounts for tissue-specific uptake of vitamin C. This gene had an official symbol of SLC23A1. And they found a significant association between the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1279683 (A > G) in SLC23A2 and an increased risk of POAG in homozygous G allele (GG) carriers. Also, POAG patients with this SNP appear to have a significantly lower level of plasma vitamin C compared to other genotypes. Finally, many organisms have the same gene, such as dogs, mice, rats, and chickens.
Conclusion: there is a significant association between SLC23A2 gene mutation, increased risk for vitamin C deficiency, and several diseases. SNP in the SLC23A2 gene was significantly associated with a higher risk of POAG in GG allele carriers as well as lower plasma vitamin C concentration.
Saudi Population Awareness Regrading Methods of Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: Abdelrazik Mohammed , Aldakkan Osamah Zeid , Almurashi Afnan Abdaljabbar , Alshareef Balsam Ghazi , Almohareb Saad Abdulmalik , Alshaya Khuloud Hussein , Alzahrani Reema Saleh , Algarni Mohammed Ahmed , Alosaimi Miad Matuq , Alzahrani Khames T. 
Published: January 2022

Aims: To assess the level of knowledge about colorectal cancer screening methods among the population in Saudi Arabia.
Study Design: A cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: General Surgery Department, between January 2021 and November 2022.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional, survey-based study conducted in Saudi Arabia. Data was collected using a predesigned self-administered online questionnaire. Inclusion criteria include Saudi male and female between 18-65 years in Saudi Arabia. Then data were analyzed by the SPSS program, version 25 at a level of significance of 0.05.
Results: A total of randomly taken 794 participants who filled our questionnaire according to the inclusion criteria. Most of our participants (67.1%) were females and 32.9% of them were males. Only 17.5% of the participants were less than 20 years old, 62.5% of them were between 20 and 30 years old and 20% were more than 30 years old. Most of our participants (58.3%) were university educated,
Conclusion: CRC screening were not well known in Saudi Arabia. Educational programs are compulsory and should target people at risk.
Awareness of Parents Regarding DKA Symptoms in their Children with Type I DM
Authors: Hamed Nazim Faisal , Alhawiti Manal Mohammed E. , Albalawi Eman Hamed A. , Alzahrani Lena Defallah G. , Alhawiti Raghad Mohammed E. , Alatawi Sahar Yahya S. , Albalawi Maram Atallah M. , Albalawi Bashaier Musslum M. , Alzahrani Alanoud Abdullah M. , Alsayed Maram Saleh Ahmed , Alblowi Yassmeen Hmoud S. , Albalwi Ziad Saleh D. , Alasmari Khaled Abdullah S. 
Published: January 2022

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a common emergency and life-threatening illness. Also, if not detected early, early treatment in the emergency room can cause serious complications. The goal of managing type 1 diabetes is to maintain the correct levels of blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure, lipid levels, and body weight while avoiding hypoglycemia. Treatment of type 1 diabetes requires proper insulin treatment, proper nutrition, physical activity, preventive education, and patient self-care Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine parental perceptions of DKA symptoms in children with type 1 diabetes in the Northern Region of Saudi Arabia.
Methods: In the Northern Region of Saudi Arabia, a cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to May 2021 among parents with diabetic children at the Diabetes Center in the Northern Region of Saudi Arabia using a pre-designed online questionnaire distributed on social media web-sites to collect data. Data was analyzed by using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS, version 23) and results was presented by tabular and graphical presentation according to the study objectives.
Results: only 42.9% of our participants responded that they have good knowledge about DKA. 19.2% thought it only occurs in children. 43.3% of our participants knew that DKA is a complication of diabetes due to hyperglycemia. Regarding the source of information about DKA among our participants, our data demonstrated that only 22.9% of our participants got their information about DKA from the doctors, and 31.8% of the participants had the internet as their source of information regarding DKA. In the current study, 14% of the participants said that they had a child had DKA at least one, and 91.6% of them were admitted to the hospital. There was a significant relation with gender, age of the parent, and educational level, while it showed insignificant relation with marital status.
Conclusion: In conclusion, knowledge of most of parents of diabetic children about diabetic ketoacidosis is poor. Their main knowledge source is not trustful or adequate. Their main knowledge source is not trustful or adequate. Therefore, we recommend policy makers to held health education to parents and/or caregivers of type 1 diabetic children regarding all aspects of DKA. It must be properly achieved in a structured manner based on a general outline that should include education at the onset of treatment and then repeated based upon an annual assessment of patients’ training needs or upon their own request. Areas of poor knowledge related to diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis should be emphasized during health education sessions.
The Outpatient Use of Ascorbic Acid in a Public Healthcare Organization in Riyadh Region
Authors: Ahmed Nehad J. , Ansari Mohammad Javed 
Published: January 2022

Aim: The present study aimed to describe the outpatient use of ascorbic acid in a public healthcare organization in Riyadh Region.
Methodology: This is a retrospective study included reviewing the outpatient electronic prescriptions that contained ascorbic acid in a public healthcare organization in Riyadh Region.
Results: More than 51% of the patients who received ascorbic acid in the hospital during 2018 were females and the age of 57.14 % of them was less than 30 years. Most of the prescriptions were regular prescriptions (88.57%) and only 5.71% of the prescriptions were urgent prescriptions. More than 42% of the patients received ascorbic acid for 1 week and 37.14% of them received it for 1 month. Most of the prescriptions were prescribed by residents (85.71%) and most of these prescriptions were prescribed by emergency department (80.00%).
Conclusion: The prescribing of ascorbic acid was uncommon in the public hospital. More studies are needed to know the frequency and the pattern of using ascorbic acid in the public hospital and in other healthcare organizations in Riyadh Region.
Rehabilitation of a Patient with Wedge Compression with Paraplegia: A Case Report
Authors: Wanjari Mayuri K. , Timothy Rebecca , Menon Suchitra , Kovela Rakesh Krishna , Qureshi Mohammad Irshad , Dadgal Ragini , Samal Snehal 
Published: January 2022

Background: Despite the most significant efforts of many experts to provide natural therapeutic therapies, spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic event with limited functional recovery. After a spinal cord injury, paraplegia can develop. Damage to the ligaments, vertebrae, or discs of the spinal column causes this. Paraplegia is the loss of muscle function in the lower half of the body, including both legs. Leg paralysis, in this case in which affects all parts of the pelvic organs, legs, and torso. This is partly owing to the complex character of SCI, which involves a great deal of disarray and malfunction as a result of the initial injury. Secondary degeneration is caused by neurotoxicity, vascular malfunction, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and demyelination.
Presentation of Case: 34year old male patient with wedge compression was diagnosed on x-ray after a fall from the tree.
Discussion: The requirements for regeneration, rehabilitation, and neuroprotection appear to necessitate a diverse set of therapeutic approaches that can be used at different stages of the post-injury response.
Conclusion: We'll focus on one strategy, in particular, physical training/exercise, which looks to have a wide range of applications and benefits for those with a chronic or acute SCI.
Quantification and Stability Indicating Method Development and Validation of Vismodegib in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Goud V. Mohan , Harini M. , Devi CH. B. Praveena , Goud M. Meghana 
Published: January 2022

Background: Vismodegib (VMD) is a drug of choice for the treatment of basal-cell carcinoma. Present studies carried out to estimate VMD by RP-UPLC technique and to develop a simple, précised, accurate method for routine analysis.
Methods: For this purpose Chromatographic conditions used were stationary phase STD BEH C18 column (100 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.8m), a mixture of Methanol:KH2PO4 taken in the ratio 50:50%v/v as a mobile phase with a pH 7.4 and flow rate was maintained at 0.3ml/min, detection wave length was Acquity TUV 254nm, column temperature was set to 30oC and diluent was mobile phase, Conditions were finalized as optimized method.
Results: System suitability parameters were studied by injecting the standard six times. Linearity study was carried out between 25% to150% (37.5-225µg/ml) levels, R2 value was found to be as 0.9992. Precision was found to be 0.6 for repeatability and 0.4 for intermediate precision. LOD and LOQ are 0.33 µg/ml and 0.99 µg/ml respectively and results were well under the acceptance criteria.
Conclusion: By using above method assay of marketed formulation was carried out and was found 100.12%. Degradation studies of VMD were done, in all conditions purity threshold was more than purity angle and within the acceptable range. The developed method was simple and can be used for routine analysis.
The Outpatient Prescribing Pattern of Topical Lidocaine in Al Seih
Authors: Ahmed Nehad J. , Ansari Mohammad Javed 
Published: January 2022

Aim: The present study aimed to describe the prescribing pattern of topical lidocaine in the outpatient setting in Al Seih.
Methodology: This is a retrospective study that includes reviewing the electronic prescriptions that contained topical lidocaine among outpatients in a public hospital in Al Seih.
Results: More than 52% of the patients who received topical lidocaine were males and the age of 36.84% of them was between 30 and 39 years. Most of the patients who received topical lidocaine for 7 days (64.47%). Topical lidocaine prescriptions were written mainly by residents (96.05%). More than 55% of the topical lidocaine prescriptions were prescribed by the emergency department and 38.16% of the prescriptions were prescribed by general surgery department.
Conclusion: The present study showed that the prescribing of topical lidocaine was uncommon in Al Seih. Further studies are required to investigate the pattern and the frequency of topical lidocaine and other topical anesthetics in the outpatients setting and in other settings.
Necessity of Structured Exercise Training Program and Its Feasability on Physical Capacity and Health Statuswith Post COVID-19 Syndrome Patients
Authors: Kumbhare Ruhi , Vardhan Vishnu , Yadav Vaishnavi , Walke Rashmi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Corona virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide and has become a global public health emergency. The World Health Organization declared the outbreak a pandemic. Pulmonary Rehabilitation has shown good impact on Quality of life , Functional capacity and health status of patients with Chronic Respiratory Disease Recently there are various guidelines and consensus available for Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Post – COVID patients that has been extrapolated from other respiratory condition. There is paucity of literature that has shown the effect of Exercise training program on Physical capacity and Health status of patient with Post COVID 19 syndrome. So the present study uses the available evidence on COVID 19 patients to prepare the exercise program and implement it on post COVID syndrome patients.Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of supervised Exercise Training Program on Post COVID-19 syndrome patients
Methodology: In this experimental study total 70 patients with Post Covid Syndrome will be included and they will be equally divided into two groups. Group A will receive supervised exercise training, while Group B will receive unsupervised exercise training. Participant will be evaluated at the beginning of therapy or after 6 weeks.
Discussion: This study is conducted to evaluate effectiveness of structured exercise training program and its feasibility on physical capacity and health status of patients with Post COVID19 syndrome.
Conclusion: Its effectiveness of a structured exercise program and its feasibility on physical capacity and health status of patients with Post COVID19 syndrome will be evaluated.
Microbiological Profile of Neonatal Septicemia by Automated Blood Culture System (BacT/ALERT) at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
Authors: Bindiya J. Ghedia , Shah Manish R. 
Published: January 2022

Background: This study was carried out to do rapid diagnosis of neonatal septicemia to prevent septicemia related complications and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital from a period of March 2014 to August 2015. This is a non-randomized, prospective study in which one hundred and nine cases of suspected neonatal septicemia on the basis of antenatal high risk factors and signs and symptoms of sepsis were studied. Blood samples were collected from neonates in whom septicemia was suspected usually before antibacterial agents were given and both positive and negative samples were detected by automated system BacT/ALERT.
Results: Out of 109 samples tested, 69 samples were positive and 40 samples were negative. The incidence of neonatal septicemia due to Gram positive organisms (62.85%) was found to be high. Among them Coagulase negative staphylococci (CONS) (27) (38.57%) was most common organism followed by Staphylococcus aureus (11) (15.71%), Enterococcus spp. (7.14%) and Streptococcus spp. (1.43%). Rate of Gram negative organisms was quite low (32.85%). Out of them Acinetobacter spp. (17.14%) was most common followed by Klebsiella spp. (7.14%), E.coli (5.71%) and Pseudomonas spp. (2.86%).
Conclusion: Early detection of infection in neonates and proper antibiotics for the treatment leads to reduced morbidity and mortality.