bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Miranda's Thick Regolith Indicates a Major Mantling Event from an Unknown Source
Authors: Beddingfield Chloe B. , Cartwright Richard J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We investigated “muted” craters and scarps across Miranda’s cratered terrain. The morphologies of the muted craters are most consistent with modification by regolith deposition instead of erosion or viscous relaxation. We used three techniques to estimate regolith thickness. (1) Analysis of muted crater depth–Diameter (d-D) ratios near the South Polar Terrain Chasma indicates that regolith mantling their floors ranges from 0.3 to 1.2 km thick. Because older craters may have collected more regolith than younger craters, the true thickness may be similar to the highest estimate. (2) Analysis of crater size–frequency distributions across the cratered terrain indicates a thickness of 1.0 ± 0.2 km. (3) Analysis of a central mound within Alonso Crater indicates a thickness of

1.4

−
0.4

+
0.3

km near Verona Rupes and may represent an upper limit. These results indicate that Miranda has one of the thickest regoliths in the solar system, which has important implications for Miranda’s interior thermal properties. Regolith appears to mantle some scarps within Arden but not Elsinore or Inverness, indicating that Arden may be the oldest corona, contrary to previous relative age estimates. In this scenario, the mantling event was ongoing during Arden’s formation but before Elsinore or Inverness formed. We propose three possible sources for Miranda’s thick regolith: (1) giant impact ejecta, (2) plume deposits, and (3) Uranian ring deposits. We favor the ring deposit hypothesis, which is consistent with the regolith’s large spatial extent, substantial thickness, and Miranda’s slightly spectrally blue color. Follow-up studies that rigorously investigate these scenarios are required.
Regional Changes in Posterior Corneal Surface During a 6-Month Follow-up Period After tPRK, FS-LASIK, and SMILE
Authors: Wu Jie , Wu JinFang , Wu SongAn , Zhu DaTian , Miao YuanYuan , Huang ChengYi , Akiti Stephen , Vinciguerra Riccardo , Zhang XinYu , Zhang PeiPei , Zheng XiaoBo , Wang JunJie , Wang QinMei , Chen ShiHao , Li YiYu , Ye YuFeng , Bao FangJun , Elsheikh Ahmed 
Published: November 2022

PURPOSE:
To investigate changes in corneal curvature in different zones of the posterior corneal surface during a 6-month follow-up period after transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (tPRK), femtosecond laser–assisted excimer laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK), and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

METHODS:
The study included a total of 202 eyes, including 65, 77, and 60 that underwent tPRK, FS-LASIK, and SMILE, respectively. Elevation data for the posterior surface were obtained preoperatively (pre), as well as 1 week (pos1w), 1 month (pos1m), 3 months (pos3m), and 6 months (pos6m) postoperatively. Changes in posterior corneal curvature (M) were analyzed in the central (diameter: 0 to 3 mm), paracentral (diameter: 3 to 6 mm), and peripheral (diameter: 6 to 9 mm) regions.

RESULTS:

Over all follow-up periods, the central region of the posterior surface in all patients became flatter (
P
< .05), with FS-LASIK showing the largest change, whereas the paracentral and peripheral regions became steeper. The posterior curvature changes between pre and pos6m, determined before and after correction for ablated stromal depth, tended to follow similar trends in the three regions and after the three surgeries. There was also no significant correlation (
P
> .05) between the changes in the mean curvature (M, recorded between pre and pos6m) and each of the refractive error corrections, the changes in spherical aberration postoperatively, the optical zone diameter, ablated stromal depth, and residual stromal bed thickness in the central and peripheral regions, but the correlation was significant in the paracentral region.

CONCLUSIONS:
The postoperative changes in posterior corneal shape followed different trends in the central, paracentral, and peripheral regions. The FS-LASIK group exhibited the most notable changes in posterior corneal curvature, especially in the central region. These changes were statistically correlated with variations in spherical aberration, and ablated and residential stromal thickness in the paracentral region.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(11):708–715.]
¿Materia lésbica?
Authors: flores val 
Published: November 2022

Un ensayo que fabula un diálogo freático como experimentación teórica acerca de una (im)probable materia lésbica que se hace en los umbrales de las prácticas, cuerpos y territorios. A partir de una pregunta incómoda e impertinente, se despliega una ficción especulativa acerca de los modos normalizados de hacer teoría en la academia y sus interrupciones fugitivas. Una pregunta para ampliar nuestra piel al arrojarnos a pensar cómo llegamos a habitar los protocolos del saber institucional. Una práctica de escritura que tensa la intimidad y el erotismo, buscando más que definir la materia lésbica, vivir su erótica del (no) saber. Como un estado lésbico de la materia que es brújula sensible en las desorientaciones del pensar, para adentrarnos en el intento de desactivar la economía libidinal de la teoría dualista que separa teoría-práctica, teoría-cuerpo, teoría-territorio, y tantear las esquirlas visionarias de una pregunta atrapada en el tiempo de una conversación fabulada.
Introduction and establishment of biological control agents for control of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) in Canada
Authors: Butler Sarah , Dedes John , Jones Gene , Hughes Cory , Ladd Tim , Martel Véronique , Ryall Krista , Sweeney Jon , MacQuarrie C.J.K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe emerald ash borer,Agrilus planipennisFairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is a serious pest of ash (Fraxinusspp.) (Oleaceae) in North America. Control of emerald ash borer is difficult in natural forest settings; therefore, a classical biological control programme is the most feasible management option for this invasive, nonnative insect. Here, we report the first Canadian release and establishment of parasitoidsTetrastichus planipennisiYang (Hymeoptera: Eulophinae),Oobius agriliZhang and Huang (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), andSpathius galinaeBelokobylskij and Strazanac (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in natural forests in Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick, Canada for the control of emerald ash borer. Releases ofT. planipennisiwere made from 2013 to 2019,O. agrilifrom 2015 to 2019, andS. galinaefrom 2017 to 2019. Trees from release sites were destructively sampled to rear out adult emerald ash borers and parasitoids 1–3 years after parasitoid release. Recoveries ofT. planipennisiwere made at 81% of release sites (13 of 16) 1–2 years after release, andO. agiliwere recovered from 29% of release sites (4 of 14) 1–3 years after release.Spathius galinaewas not recovered. These data provide important information for the development and deployment of a successful biological control programme for the management of emerald ash borer in Canada.
Potential anti-adipogenic activity of Calligonum comosum cuminaldehyde on mouse 3T3-pre-adipocytes
Authors: Mohammad Mohammad Ghaleb , El-Serafi Ahmed , Madkour Mohamed Ibrahim , Alhabshi Abeer , Wadea Ansar , Jabal Rola Abu , Sandeep Divyasree , Soliman Sameh S. M. 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Obesity is a medical condition characterized by augmented body fat mass that can adversely affect human health. Several regimens were suggested to counteract obesity and fat accumulation with limited success. As plants are well-known source of medicinal products, we studied the potential anti-adipogenic activity of the essential oil extracted from Calligonum comosum plants growing in the desert of the United Arab Emirates.

Methods:

C. comosum essential oil was extracted and fractionated on thin layer chromatography. The effect of total oil extract, the major compound-rich fraction, and the pure compound (cuminaldehyde) were tested on the viability, lipid content, and glucose uptake of 3T3-L1 cells. The capability of cuminaldehyde to reduce the formation of 3D-adipocyte pellets and expression of related transcripts was also tested.

Results:
The results showed that C. comosum essential oil, particularly its major component cuminaldehyde, caused a significant reduction in the viability of 3T3-L1 cells when compared with fibroblasts, employed as controls. Furthermore, cuminaldehyde caused a significant reduction in the lipid content of 3T3 cells, as determined by Nile red stain, reduction in the glucose uptake, and reduction in the levels of both triglycerides and cholesterol. Moreover, cuminaldehyde significantly reduced the formation of 3D-adipocyte pellets and the expression of adipocyte-specific transcripts, CAAT-enhancer binding protein-alpha, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma.

Conclusion:
Taken together, these results demonstrated a potential inhibition of lipid accumulation in 3T3 adipocytes after treatment with cuminaldehyde extracted from C. comosum oil. Thus, cuminaldehyde can be considered as a new potential anti-adipogenic agent for the prevention and treatment of obesity.
Association between Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Gordhanbhai Patel Sunil , Ravindra T. S. , Yeldo Dilmo 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Atherosclerosis is a complex inflammatory disease. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a systemic inflammatory marker that is correlated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between NLR and severity of coronary artery disease.

Study Design and Methodology:
It is a hospital-based observational study. A total of 90 participants were included in the study. All the participants were divided into three groups based on the result of coronary angiography report using both Syntax and Gensini scores. NLR was calculated as the ratio of neutrophil count to lymphocyte count.

Results:
The NLR was evaluated for the severity of coronary arterial stenosis. A significantly higher (Chi-square value [50.35], df [2], P < 0.001) NLR ratio was seen in patients with severe coronary stenosis based on Syntax scoring. A significantly higher (Chi-square value [60.93], df [2], P < 0.001) NLR ratio was seen in patients with severe coronary arterial stenosis based on Gensini scoring. In logistic regression analyses, NLR was an independent predictor of coronary artery disease. An NLR of 2.15 or higher predicted the severity of coronary artery disease.

Conclusion:
In this study, it was found that NLR was significantly elevated in patients with significant coronary artery stenosis estimated by both Syntax and Gensini scores.
Awareness of Medical Research among the Resident Doctors in a Tertiary Care Hospital in India
Authors: Divya Gali , Kundal Vijay Kumar , Debnath Pinaki R. , Kundal Raksha 
Published: November 2022

Aim:
The aim of this study was to study the awareness of medical research (MR) among resident doctors in a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods:
This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted for 30 days among the residents of paraclinical, surgical, and nonsurgical specialties, based on a customized self-prepared questionnaire. Convenience sampling was done. Undergraduates, interns, and faculty members were excluded from the study. Scoring was given from 1 to 10 based on their responses to the ten knowledge-based questions in the questionnaire. Data regarding the publication of research articles if any, obstacles in conducting research, and suggestions to improve the research awareness were recorded. Descriptive analysis of the data was done. Based on the scoring, they were divided into three groups: below average if the score is <5, average if the score is 5–7, and above average if the score is 8–10.

Results:
A total of 364 resident doctors were included in the study. They were divided into three groups which include paraclinical (n = 56, 15%), surgical (n = 132, 36%), and nonsurgical branches (n = 176, 48%). Scores for the three levels, i.e., below average, average, and above average were 0, 39% (n = 140), and 61% (n = 224), respectively. Forty-eight percent of participants had a publication. Obstacles for conducting the research included lack of time (55%), lack of interest (29%), lack of guidance (35%), and lack of material and teaching (45%). The majority (n = 300, 82%) suggested that conducting more interactive sessions or teaching programs may help in improving the awareness on research.

Conclusions:
Most of the resident doctors had a fair knowledge of MR but its application into practice was limited. Including research as a part of the medical curriculum, conducting educational programs or conferences oriented on research may improve the awareness about research.
To Determine the Genotyping of Fc-gamma Receptor FCGR2A Polymorphism as Genetic Susceptibility to Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Chowdhary Sarita , Sharma Kanika , Ashish Ashish , Yadav Abhay Kumar , Panigrahi Pranay , Mishra Akas , Kumar Deepak , Singh Royana 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Neonatal sepsis term is an infection of newborns <28 days of age. It is a common cause of death in developing countries. The receptor-gamma receptor FCGR2A has been shown to be associated with neonatal sepsis. It is an activating receptor found in many cell types such as monocytes, neutrophils, macrophages, platelets, and others. The receptor has a polymorphism (single-nucleotide polymorphism rs1801274) in its gene (FCGR2A) that encodes either a histidine (H) or arginine (R) at amino acid position 131. There are many studies showing the impact of these FCGR2A polymorphisms on sepsis. Our study aims to determine the prevalence of Fc-gamma receptor FCGR2A (rs1801274) polymorphism in neonatal sepsis and control in Eastern UP populations.

Patients and Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study of 590 patients (310 healthy individuals and 280 sepsis patients) to determine polymorphisms in the CD32A coding region in neonates. All individuals were genotyped for a variant at position 131 of the FcγRIIA gene.

Discussion:
In our study, the prevalence of FcγRIIa polymorphism is more in neonates with sepsis than in noninfected neonates. It was observed that the heterozygous allele (AG) were significantly increased in septic neonates when compared to the normal.

Conclusion:
Our data indicate that FcγRIIA genotyping can be used as a marker of genetic susceptibility to sepsis.
A Study of the Relationship Between Southward Bz > -10 nT and Storm Time Disturbance Index During Solar Cycle 23
Authors: David T. W. , Adekoya Bolarinwa , Michael Chizurumoke , Adekoya Sofiat , Adenuga Omolara , Kareem Semiu , Oladunjoye Hamid , Ajetunmobi Abayomi , Williams Oyindamola , Ogundele Damilola 
Published: November 2022

Magnetic reconnection can be used for studying the geoeffective processes in the coupled Sun–Solar wind – Magnetosphere dynamics leading to geomagnetic disturbance. In this study, 1-hour resolution solar wind plasma parameters from OMNIweb were used to investigate the relationship between moderate southward interplanetary magnetic field, IMF-Bz (i.e., Bz > -10 nT) and geomagnetic storm time disturbance, Dst , during the ascending, maximum and descending phases of solar cycle 23. Occurrences of different classes of geomagnetic storms during moderate southward Bz are reported. The occurrence of weak and moderate geomagnetic storms is more predominant during maximum solar activity than intense and super intense storms. It was found that 10.11 % (181) of all the classes of the storm were intense, and 0.17 % (3) were super intense storms. Furthermore, it was found that 4 (2.2 %) out of the 181 intense storms were caused by southward Bz > -10 nT which were associated with the complex structure due to the high-speed solar wind stream and corotating interacting region. In such a complex structure and Bz > -10 nT, we observed that an intense geomagnetic storm rarely occurs and if it does, would be predominant around solar maximum. It was found that long-duration (\Delta t > 6 hrs) of southward Bz (i.e., -10 nT < Bz <= -3.6 nT ) can also lead to an intense geomagnetic storm during the solar maximum and descending phase (moderate solar activity) of a solar cycle. The complex structure of intense geomagnetic storms associated with the Bz > -10 nT is rare and possesses a special configuration of magnetic field and solar wind parameters structures which are CIR manifestations.
países menos viables económicamente
Authors: Sebastián Luis de 
Published: November 2022

En este artículo se parte de la necesidad de distinguir entre países en vías de desarrollo, para las cuestiones prácticas de planear estrategias de desarrollo, tomar posturas comunes en foros y negociaciones internacionales, y sobre todo en el diálogo Norte-Sur. La diferenciación entre países en desarrollo se hace aquí según la viabilidad económica, concebida como una cualidad presente, que puede ser actualizada o no en el futuro, pero que confiere distintas posibilidades a unos países y a otros. La viabilidad se define por siete criterios, que tienen en cuenta tanto la situación actual como las variables que determinan el futuro. En la segunda parte del trabajo se trata de determinar empíricamente, es decir, cuantificando los siete criterios y un índice global de viabilidad para los países de América Latina. Los resultados no parecen ser una sorpresa, y, por eso mismo parecen conferir validez a la metodología. La conclusión a la que se llega es que las diferencias son tan grandes que se debe formar un grupo especializado de países menos viables del Tercer Mundo para llevar a la conciencia de los teóricos y de los políticos del desarrollo la necesidad de considerar a estas partes como casos especiales que requieren medidas nuevas y drásticas.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 34, No. 367, 1979: 322-337.
Panorama epidemiológico das hepatites C e B em gestantes no estado de Sergipe entre 2016-2020
Authors: Luna Beatriz Caldas de , Nogueira Marina de Pádua , Oliveira Amanda Távora de , Sousa Talles Antônio Coelho de 
Published: November 2022

Introdução: As hepatites virais são um grande problema de saúde pública, com elevada morbimortalidade, no entanto ainda bastante negligenciada. Na população gestante, destacam-se as infecções pelas hepatites virais tipo B e C (HBV e HBC) pela possibilidade de transmissão vertical e possíveis prejuízos materno-fetais, razão pela qual ambos fazerem parte da triagem sorológica do pré-natal. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar as características clínico-epidemiológicas das Hepatites B e C em gestantes no estado de Sergipe no período de 2016-2020. Métodos: O trabalho refere-se a um estudo transversal descritivo, quantitativo de série temporal e espacial. Os dados utilizados foram retirados do banco de dados nacional, disponível no site do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Resultados e discussão: No período avaliado 79 gestantes foram diagnosticadas com hepatites viras, 68 pelo vírus HBV e 8 pelo vírus HCV, majoritariamente notificadas no município de Aracaju. O maior quadro de gestantes infectadas foi verificado no segundo trimestre do período gestacional com uma variação de 10-39 anos, nas quais a forma clínica crônica foi de maior indicie. Conclusão: Foi observado que o padrão epidemiológico das hepatites B e C nas gestantes do estado de Sergipe é um reflexo dos casos em todo território brasileiro. Além disso, percebe-se que apesar da pesquisa ativa durante o pré-natal ser uma oportunidade de diagnóstico, ainda é preciso programas que visem um diagnóstico mais precoce na população em geral.
Рsychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of STEM education
Authors: Zavalevskyi Yurii , Gorbenko Svitlana , Lozova Oksana 
Published: November 2022

The article presents the relevance of the study and organization of psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of STEM education. The authors assume that the study of this problem will contribute to the improvement of the effectiveness of educational and educational tasks of educational institutions.
The authors stated that the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of STEM education in educational institutions are the purposeful organization of the educational STEM environment in the educational institution; educational and methodical support of educational institutions; improving the professional skills of scientific and pedagogical workers; psychological readiness of teachers for innovative activities; motivation of students for research, design, invention activities etc.
STEM education is a tool for implementing the key provisions of the Concept of the New Ukrainian School regarding the renewal of didactic methods, means, forms and principles of education. Strengthening the role of STEM education will increase the motivation of students to study natural and mathematical subjects, as well as engineering, technology, and informatics. STEM education unites the efforts of the participants of the educational process in the formation of the competencies of the students, which will give the opportunity to propose innovative solutions for the economic development of the state and other spheres of society.
The Role and Place of Moral-Willed Qualities in the General System of Training of Future Military Officers
Authors: Kytrar Vitalii 
Published: November 2022

The article investigates the peculiarities of the training for military personnel in higher education institutions in Ukraine. The formation of moral and volitional qualities of future military personnel takes place both in the process of gaining professional qualifications in higher military educational institutions and military educational units of higher education institutions and during physical and tactical training.
Study of the scientific literature shows that the term "moral-willed qualities" is studied as a relationship between the concepts of "moral qualities" and "willed qualities".
Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the concept of "moral and volitional qualities of future military personnel" has been clarified, which we understand as stable personality characteristics that affect the ability to manage one's behaviour and activities in all situations based on compliance with moral standards.
It has been proven that for successful professional activities, future military personnel need to develop such moral and volitional qualities as purposefulness; courage and determination; independence and resourcefulness; perseverance and tenacity; endurance and self-control; discipline and organization.