bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with decision-making power of married women to use family planning in sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel analysis of demographic health surveys
Authors: Demissie Getu Debalkie , Akalu Yonas , Gelagay Abebaw Addis , Alemnew Wallelign , Yeshaw Yigizie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
In sub-Saharan Africa, there are several socio-economic and cultural factors which affect women’s ability to make decision regarding their own health including the use of contraceptives. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to determine factors associated with decision-making power of married women to use family planning service (contraceptives) in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods
The appended, most recent demographic and health survey datasets of 35 sub-Saharan countries were used. A total weighted sample of 83,882 women were included in the study. Both bivariable and multivariable multilevel logistic regression were done to determine the associated factors of decision-making power of married women to use family planning service in sub-Saharan countries. The Odds Ratio (OR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was calculated for those potential variables included in the final model.

Results
Married women with primary education (AOR = 1.24; CI:1.16,1.32), secondary education (AOR = 1.31; CI:1.22,1.41), higher education (AOR = 1.36; CI:1.20,1.53), media exposure (AOR = 1.08; CI: 1.03, 1.13), currently working (AOR = 1.27; CI: 1.20, 1.33), 1–3 antenatal care visits (AOR = 1.12; CI:1.05,1.20), ≥ 4 ANC visits (AOR = 1.14;CI:1.07,1.21), informed about family planning (AOR = 1.09; CI: 1.04, 1.15), having less than 3 children (AOR = 1.12; CI: 1.02, 1.23) and 3–5 children (AOR = 1.08; CI: 1.01, 1.16) had higher odds of decision-making power to use family planning.
Mothers who are 15–19 (AOR = 0.61; CI: 0.52, 0.72), 20–24 (AOR = 0.69; CI: 0.60, 0.79), 25–29 (AOR = 0.74; CI: 0.66, 0.84), and 30–34 years of age (AOR = 0.82; CI: 0.73, 0.92) had reduced odds off decision-making power to use family planning as compared to their counterparts.

Conclusion
Age, women’s level of education, occupation of women and their husbands, wealth index, media exposure, ANC visit, fertility preference, husband’s desire in terms of number of children, region and information about family planning were factors associated with decision-making power to use family planning among married women.
Analysis of GWAS-nominated loci for lung cancer and COPD revealed a new asthma locus
Authors: Madore Anne-Marie , Bossé Yohan , Margaritte-Jeannin Patricia , Vucic Emily , Lam Wan L. , Bouzigon Emmanuelle , Bourbeau Jean , Laprise Catherine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Asthma, lung cancer (LC) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are three respiratory diseases characterized by complex mechanisms underlying and genetic predispositions, with asthma having the highest calculated heritability. Despite efforts deployed in the last decades, only a small part of its heritability has been elucidated. It was hypothesized that shared genetic factors by these three diseases could help identify new asthma loci.

Methods
GWAS-nominated LC and COPD loci were selected among studies performed in Caucasian cohorts using the GWAS Catalog. Genetic analyses were carried out for these loci in the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean (SLSJ) asthma familial cohort and then replicated in two independent cohorts (the Canadian Cohort Obstructive Lung Disease [CanCOLD] and the Epidemiological Study of the Genetics and Environment of Asthma [EGEA]).

Results
Analyses in the SLSJ cohort identified 2851 and 4702 genetic variants to be replicated in the CanCOLD and EGEA cohorts for LC and COPD loci respectively. Replication and meta-analyses allowed the association of one new locus with asthma, 2p24.3, from COPD studies. None was associated from LC studies reported.

Conclusions
The approach used in this study contributed to better understand the heritability of asthma with shared genetic backgrounds of respiratory diseases.
RAGE signaling during tobacco smoke-induced lung inflammation and potential therapeutic utility of SAGEs
Authors: Hirschi-Budge Kelsey M. , Tsai Kary Y. F. , Curtis Katrina L. , Davis Gregg S. , Theurer Benjamin K. , Kruyer Anica M. M. , Homer Kyle W. , Chang Ashley , Van Ry Pam M. , Arroyo Juan A. , Reynolds Paul R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Smoke exposure culminates as a progressive lung complication involving airway inflammation and remodeling. While primary smoke poses the greatest risk, nearly half of the US population is also at risk due to exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS).

Methods
We used WT, RAGE−/− (KO), and Tet-inducible lung-specific RAGE overexpressing transgenic (TG) mice to study the role of RAGE during short-term responses to SHS. We evaluated SHS effects in mice with and without semi-synthetic glycosaminoglycan ethers (SAGEs), which are anionic, partially lipophilic sulfated polysaccharide derivatives known to inhibit RAGE signaling. TG Mice were weaned and fed doxycycline to induce RAGE at postnatal day (PN) 30. At PN40, mice from each line were exposed to room air (RA) or SHS from three Kentucky 3R4F research cigarettes via a nose-only delivery system (Scireq Scientific, Montreal, Canada) five days a week and i.p. injections of PBS or SAGE (30 mg/kg body weight) occurred three times per week from PN40-70 before mice were sacrificed on PN70.

Results
RAGE mRNA and protein expression was elevated following SHS exposure of control and TG mice and not detected in RAGE KO mice. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis revealed RAGE-mediated influence on inflammatory cell diapedesis, total protein, and pro-inflammatory mediators following exposure. Lung histological assessment revealed indistinguishable morphology following exposure, yet parenchymal apoptosis was increased. Inflammatory signaling intermediates such as Ras and NF-κB, as well as downstream responses were influenced by the availability of RAGE, as evidenced by RAGE KO and SAGE treatment.

Conclusions
These data provide fascinating insight suggesting therapeutic potential for the use of RAGE inhibitors in lungs exposed to SHS smoke.
Comparison of postoperative cough-related quality of life and recovery between sublobectomy and lobectomy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients: a longitudinal study
Authors: Lin Rongjia , Chen Wen , Zhu Leilei , Pan Xiaojie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Cough is a common complication after pulmonary surgery. Previous studies lacked a standard measure to assess postoperative cough-related quality of life and recovery. The purpose of this study is to compare postoperative cough regarding changes in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and recovery trajectory between video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) lobectomy and sublobectomy (segmentectomy or wedge resection) for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients via the Leicester Cough Questionnaire in Mandarin Chinese (LCQ-MC).

Methods
Overall, 156 patients with NSCLC underwent either VATS lobectomy or VATS sublobectomy; LCQ-MC was used to report the impact of postoperative cough on HRQOL for 6 months after surgery. The total scores of LCQ-MC range from 3 to 21, with a higher score indicating better health. Recovery from postoperative cough was defined as LCQ-MC scores returning to preoperative levels. The sensitivity of LCQ-MC to changes in postoperative cough recovery over time was evaluated via its ability to distinguish between surgery types.

Results
The VATS sublobectomy group reported significantly higher mean LCQ-MC scores at 1 month after surgery, but no significant difference postoperatively at 3 and 6 months after surgery, and returned to preoperative physical (69 vs. 99 days), psychological (67 vs. 99 days), social (50 vs. 98 days) and total (69 vs. 99 days) scores faster than the VATS lobectomy group (all p < 0.05).

Conclusion
VATS sublobectomy had generally better HRQOL and faster recovery of postoperative cough than VATS lobectomy. In addition, the LCQ-MC performed satisfactorily in describing the longitudinal changes in postoperative cough.
Dental characteristics associated with methamphetamine use: analysis using forensic autopsy data
Authors: Mizuno Satomi , Ono Sachiko , Takano Ayumi , Yasunaga Hideo , Iwase Hirotaro 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known regarding the oral conditions in nonelderly methamphetamine users, such as the presence of dental caries and periodontitis. We aimed the oral conditions between methamphetamine users and non-users stratified by age groups.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, computed tomography images were obtained from 3,338 decedents at two forensic medicine departments in Japan. Decedents aged > 20 or ≤ 64 years were included in the study and categorised into methamphetamine-detected (MA) and undetected (control) groups based on toxicological examinations. Decedents in the MA and control groups were matched for age and sex in a 1:4 ratio. The matched pairs were further categorised into young adults (20–44 years) and middle-aged adults (45–64 years). Oral characteristics, including the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index; periodontitis; distributional patterns of each tooth condition; and occlusal status, were compared between the MA and control groups for each age category. Among 3,338 decedents, 37 young and 55 middle-aged adults in the MA group were matched with 148 and 220 adults in the control group, respectively.ResultsIn the young adult group, methamphetamine use was significantly associated with higher DMFT index (mean [standard deviation], 14.2 [7.6] vs 11.0 [6.1];p = 0.007), smaller number of filled teeth (2.8 [2.9] vs 5.3 [4.0];p = 0.001), higher proportion of periodontitis (39.0% vs 6.8%;p < 0.001), and lower proportion of occlusal support (54.1% vs 81.1%;p = 0.001). Young adult methamphetamine users tended to have untreated decayed canines and molars and missing molars. These findings were similar to those in middle-aged adults except the tendency to have missing maxillary incisors.ConclusionsNonelderly methamphetamine users had distinctive oral characteristics that may help screen for methamphetamine abuse through dental examinations.
The training effects of a continuing education program on nurses’ knowledge and attitudes to palliative care: a cross sectional study
Authors: Chen Xian , Zhang Yuxi , Arber Anne , Huo Xiaorong , Liu Jin , Sun Cuihua , Yuan Ling , Wang Xuemei , Wang Dan , Wu Jinfeng , Du Junjie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Most nurses in China have not been trained to take care of end-of-life patients appropriately due to lack of educational resources and insufficient training. A palliative care program was launched by the Jiangsu Nursing Association (JNA training program) and to identify gaps in palliative care training. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the training effects of the JNA training program on nurses’ knowledge and attitudes to palliative care.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 10 048 registered nurses in all regions of Jiangsu. All participants completed an online questionnaire using the Chinese version of The Palliative Care Quiz for Nursing (PCQN-C) and the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying scale (FATCOD-B-C). A propensity score matched analysis was performed between the nurses who had attended the JNA training program and whose who hadn’t.

Results
The average score of PCQN-C among all nurses was 8.79, while the mean score of the FATCOD-B-C was 103.62. Those participants who attended the JNA training program had significantly better scores than those who did not. Propensity score matching analysis showed that the palliative care training program failed to improve nurses’ knowledge in psychosocial and spiritual care or their attitudes towards the necessity of family support although there was positive impact on other aspects of palliative care.

Conclusions
Knowledge of palliative care among Chinese nurses remains low. Training programs may improve general knowledge and attitudes to palliative care. However, important aspects of knowledge such as communication skills, family support, and psychosocial aspects of care, are missing. These gaps should be filled in future palliative care training programs targeting nurses with oriental culture background.
Effectiveness of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation programs for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): systematic review
Authors: Stafinski Tania , Nagase Fernanda Inagaki , Avdagovska Melita , Stickland Michael K. , Menon Devidas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Although pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is considered a key component in managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, uptake remains suboptimal. This systematic review aimed to determine the effectiveness of home-based PR (HBPR) programs for COPD patients.

Methods
A systematic review of scholarly literature published within the last 10 years from the conception of this project was conducted using internationally recognized guidelines. Search strategies were applied to electronic databases and clinical trial registries through March 2020 and updated in November 2021 to identify studies comparing HBPR with ‘usual care’ or outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation (OPR). To critically appraise randomized studies, the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool (ROB) was used. The quality of non-randomized studies was evaluated using the ACROBAT-NRSI tool. The quality of evidence relating to key outcomes was assessed using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), exacerbation frequencies, COPD-related hospital admissions, and program adherence. Three independent reviewers assessed methodologic quality and reviewed the studies.

Results
Twelve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 2 comparative observational studies were included. While considerable evidence relating to the effectiveness of HBPR programs for COPD patients exist, overall quality is low. There were no differences between HBPR and OPR in terms of safety, HRQoL, functional exercise capacity and health care resource utilization. Compared to usual care, functional exercise capacity seemed to significantly improve after HBPR. While patient compliance with HBPR is good, two factors appeared to increase the ‘risk’ of non-compliance: expectations of patients to 1) complete daily diaries/activity logs and 2) engage in solely unsupervised exercise sessions.

Conclusion
The overall quality for most outcomes was low to very low; however, HBPR seems to offer comparable short-term benefits to OPR.
Healthcare professionals’ perspectives on facilitators of and barriers to CKD management in primary care: a qualitative study in Singapore clinics
Authors: Ramakrishnan Chandrika , Tan Ngiap Chuan , Yoon Sungwon , Hwang Sun Joon , Foo Marjorie Wai Yin , Paulpandi Muthulakshmi , Gun Shi Ying , Lee Jia Ying , Chang Zi Ying , Jafar Tazeen H. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising globally including in Singapore. Primary care is the first point of contact for most patients with early stages of CKD. However, several barriers to optimal CKD management exist. Knowing healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) perspectives is important to understand how best to strengthen CKD services in the primary care setting. Integrating a theory-based framework, we explored HCPs’ perspectives on the facilitators of and barriers to CKD management in primary care clinics in Singapore.

Methods
In-depth interviews were conducted on a purposive sample of 20 HCPs including 13 physicians, 2 nurses and 1 pharmacist from three public primary care polyclinics, and 4 nephrologists from one referral hospital. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed underpinned by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) version 2.

Results
Numerous facilitators of and barriers to CKD management identified. HCPs perceived insufficient attention is given to CKD in primary care and highlighted several barriers including knowledge and practice gaps, ineffective CKD diagnosis disclosure, limitations in decision-making for nephrology referrals, consultation time, suboptimal care coordination, and lack of CKD awareness and self-management skills among patients. Nevertheless, intensive CKD training of primary care physicians, structured CKD-care pathways, multidisciplinary team-based care, and prioritizing nephrology referrals with risk-based assessment were key facilitators. Participants underscored the importance of improving awareness and self-management skills among patients. Primary care providers expressed willingness to manage early-stage CKD as a collaborative care model with nephrologists. Our findings provide valuable insights to design targeted interventions to enhance CKD management in primary care in Singapore that may be relevant to other countries.

Conclusions
The are several roadblocks to improving CKD management in primary care settings warranting urgent attention. Foremost, CKD deserves greater priority from HCPs and health planners. Multipronged approaches should urgently address gaps in care coordination, patient-physician communication, and knowledge. Strategies could focus on intensive CKD-oriented training for primary care physicians and building novel team-based care models integrating structured CKD management, risk-based nephrology referrals coupled with education and motivational counseling for patients. Such concerted efforts are likely to improve outcomes of patients with CKD and reduce the ESKD burden.
Environmental pesticide exposure and non-Hodgkin lymphoma survival: a population-based study
Authors: Poh Christina , McPherson John D. , Tuscano Joseph , Li Qian , Parikh-Patel Arti , Vogel Christoph F. A. , Cockburn Myles , Keegan Theresa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
There is evidence indicating that pesticide exposure is a risk factor for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) development. However, the association between pesticide exposure and NHL survival is not well-established.

Methods
Using the California Cancer Registry, we identified patients with a first primary diagnosis of NHL from 2010 to 2016 and linked these patients with CalEnviroScreen 3.0 to obtain production agriculture pesticide exposure to 70 chemicals from the state-mandated Pesticide Use Reporting (PUR) by census tract from 2012 to 2014. In addition, data from PUR was integrated into a geographic information system that employs land-use data to estimate cumulative exposure to specific pesticides previously associated with NHL (glyphosate, organophosphorus, carbamate, phenoxyherbicide, and 2,4-dimethylamine salt) between 10 years prior up to 1 year after NHL diagnosis. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the association between total pesticide exposure from CalEnviroScreen 3.0 and individual pesticide exposure from geographic land use data and lymphoma-specific and overall survival.

Results
Among 35,808 NHL patients identified, 44.2% were exposed to pesticide in their census tract of residence. Glyphosate, organophosphorus, carbamate, phenoxyherbicide, and 2,4-dimethylamine salt exposure was observed in 34.1%, 26.0%, 10.6%, 14.0%, and 12.8% of NHL patients, respectively. Total pesticide exposure at the time of diagnosis was not associated with lymphoma-specific or overall survival. In addition, no association was consistently found between glyphosate, organophosphorus, carbamate, phenoxyherbicide, and 2,4 dimethylamine salt exposure and lymphoma-specific or overall survival.

Conclusions
Although we found no consistent associations between agricultural pesticide exposure at the neighborhood level and worse survival, these results provide a platform for designing future studies to determine the association between pesticide and NHL.
A pancancer analysis of the carcinogenic role of receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase-2 (RIPK2) in human tumours
Authors: Zhang Hanqun , Ma Yan , Zhang Qiuning , Liu Ruifeng , Luo Hongtao , Wang Xiaohu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
To explore the expression and carcinogenic mechanism of RIPK2 in human tumours, and to provide the theoretical basis for the further study of RIPK2.

Methods
We used the TCGA, CPTAC, HPA databases to analyse the expression, mutation, and prognosis of RIPK2 in human tumours. Through the Cbioportal, Ualcan, TIMER2.0, and STRING websites, We understand the genetic variation, immune infiltration and enrichment analysis of RIPK2 related genes.

Results
RIPK2 was highly expressed in most tumours (such as BRCA, COAD and LUSC, etc.), and the high expression of RIPK2 was correlated with tumour stage and prognosis. In addition, Amplification was the main type of RIPK2 in tumour mutation state, and the amplification rate was about 8.5%. In addition, RIPK2 was positively associated with tumour-infiltrating immune cells (such as CD8+ T, Tregs, and cancer-associated fibroblasts). According to the KEGG analysis, RIPK2 may play a role in tumour mainly through NOD-like signaling pathway and NF-kappaB signaling pathway. GO enrichment analysis showed that the RIPK2 is mainly related to I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling, Ribonucleoprotein granule and Ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding.

Conclusion
RIPK2 plays an important role in the occurrence, development and prognosis of malignant tumours. Our pancancer study provided a relatively comprehensive description of the carcinogenic effects of RIPK2 in different tumours, and provided useful information for further study of RIPK2.
SARS-COV-2 as potential microRNA sponge in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Li Chang , Wang Rebecca , Wu Aurora , Yuan Tina , Song Kevin , Bai Yongsheng , Liu Xiaoming 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNA that can downregulate their targets by selectively binding to the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of most messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in the human genome. MiRNAs can interact with other molecules such as viruses and act as a mediator for viral infection. In this study, we examined whether, and to what extent, the SARS-CoV-2 virus can serve as a “sponge” for human miRNAs.

Results
We identified multiple potential miRNA/target pairs that may be disrupted during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Using miRNA expression profiles and RNA-seq from published studies, we further identified a highly confident list of 5 miRNA/target pairs that could be disrupted by the virus’s miRNA sponge effect, namely hsa-miR-374a-5p/APOL6, hsa-let-7f-1-3p/EIF4A2, hsa-miR-374a-3p/PARP11, hsa-miR-548d-3p/PSMA2 and hsa-miR-23b-3p/ZNFX1 pairs. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing based data, we identified two important miRNAs, hsa-miR-302c-5p and hsa-miR-16-5p, to be potential virus targeting miRNAs across multiple cell types from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples. We further validated some of our findings using miRNA and gene enrichment analyses and the results confirmed with findings from previous studies that some of these identified miRNA/target pairs are involved in ACE2 receptor network, regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and in immune cell maturation and differentiation.

Conclusion
Using publicly available databases and patient-related expression data, we found that acting as a “miRNA sponge” could be one explanation for SARS-CoV-2-mediated pathophysiological changes. This study provides a novel way of utilizing SARS-CoV-2 related data, with bioinformatics approaches, to help us better understand the etiology of the disease and its differential manifestation across individuals.