bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the effectiveness of family-based interventions for psychosis in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
Authors: Morillo Hannah , Lowry Sophie , Henderson Claire 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Of the 80% people with psychosis living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), up to 90% are left to the care of families. The World Health Organization has recommended the inclusion of families in community-based rehabilitation and while there is evidence of its implementation in LMICs, this has not been reviewed yet. This study aims to describe the key features and implementation strategies of family-based interventions in LMICs, and appraise their effectiveness.

Methods
Included are people with psychosis in LMICs who receive any form of family-based intervention, compared to their usual or absence of treatment, with patient outcome measures. We searched (August 2021) through Embase, MEDLINE, Global Health, PsycInfo, Social Policy and Practice, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), as well as from grey literature and hand-searched records. Risk of bias was assessed through the Integrated Quality Criteria for Review of Multiple Study Designs (ICROMS) and Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS), then analyzed narratively.

Results
27 studies were included from the 5254 records. Psychotherapeutic features, systems approach and task-sharing were key intervention elements. Delivery strategies included preliminary research, sustained family engagement, and cultural adaptation. There were positive health impacts across four outcome domains.

Conclusion
All studies recommended family-based interventions, with limitations in heterogeneity and 70% of them rated high risk of bias.

Other
Review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021256856). The authors did not receive funding for this research.
Irreducible Metric Maps and Weil–Petersson Volumes
Authors: Budd Timothy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe consider maps on a surface of genus g with all vertices of degree at least three and positive real lengths assigned to the edges. In particular, we study the family of such metric maps with fixed genus g and fixed number n of faces with circumferences $$\alpha _1,\ldots ,\alpha _n$$

α
1

,
…
,

α
n

and a $$\beta $$
β
-irreducibility constraint, which roughly requires that all contractible cycles have length at least $$\beta $$
β
. Using recent results on the enumeration of discrete maps with an irreducibility constraint, we compute the volume $$V_{g,n}^{(\beta )}(\alpha _1,\ldots ,\alpha _n)$$

V

g
,
n

(
β
)

(

α
1

,
…
,

α
n

)

of this family of maps that arises naturally from the Lebesgue measure on the edge lengths. It is shown to be a homogeneous polynomial in $$\beta , \alpha _1,\ldots , \alpha _n$$

β
,

α
1

,
…
,

α
n

of degree $$6g-6+2n$$

6
g
-
6
+
2
n

and to satisfy string and dilaton equations. Surprisingly, for $$g=0,1$$

g
=
0
,
1

and $$\beta =2\pi $$

β
=
2
π

the volume $$V_{g,n}^{(2\pi )}$$

V

g
,
n

(
2
π
)

is identical, up to powers of two, to the Weil–Petersson volume $$V_{g,n}^{\mathrm {WP}}$$

V

g
,
n

WP

of hyperbolic surfaces of genus g and n geodesic boundary components of length $$L_i = \sqrt{\alpha _i^2 - 4\pi ^2}$$

L
i

=

α
i
2

-
4

π
2

, $$i=1,\ldots ,n$$

i
=
1
,
…
,
n

. For genus $$g\ge 2$$

g
≥
2

the identity between the volumes fails, but we provide explicit generating functions for both types of volumes, demonstrating that they are closely related. Finally we discuss the possibility of bijective interpretations via hyperbolic polyhedra.
Upregulation of necroptosis markers RIPK3/MLKL and their crosstalk with autophagy-related protein Beclin-1 in primary immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Kamal Amany M. , Nabih Nermeen A. , Rakha Nahed M. , Sanad Eman F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNecroptosis is a novel form of programmed necrotic cell death involved in various autoimmune diseases. The potential role of necroptosis in primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and the possible interlink with autophagy have not been fully investigated. The gene expression of mixed lineage kinase-like domain (MLKL), receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and Beclin-1 were quantified in peripheral blood of 45 ITP patients and 20 healthy controls. Their associations with clinical, laboratory parameters and response to steroid therapy in ITP patients were evaluated. RIPK3, MLKL, and Beclin-1 were significantly upregulated in ITP patients than in healthy controls (P < 0.001). Beclin-1 mRNA levels were positively correlated with both RIPK3 and MLKL mRNA levels in ITP patients (P < 0.0001). In addition, MLKL, RIPK3, and Beclin-1 mRNA levels were inversely correlated with platelet count (r = −0.330, −0.527 and −0.608, respectively). On the hand, positive correlations between MLKL (P = 0.01), RIPK3 (P = 0.005), Beclin-1 (P = 0.002) mRNA levels and severity of bleeding in ITP patients were reported. Steroid responders (n = 18, 40%) had significantly lower MLKL, RIPK3, Beclin-1 mRNA expression levels than their levels in the non-responders (n = 27, 60%). Necroptosis may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of ITP and provide both novel therapeutic targets and promising biomarkers for the prediction of bleeding severity and treatment response in ITP patients. Additionally, this study highlighted the crosstalk between autophagy and necroptosis in ITP patients.
Graphical abstract
A new method to detect changes in displacement rates of slow-moving landslides using InSAR time series
Authors: Urgilez Vinueza Alexandra , Handwerger Alexander L. , Bakker Mark , Bogaard Thom 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Slow-moving landslides move downslope at velocities that range from mm year−1 to m year−1. Such deformations can be measured using satellite-based synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR). We developed a new method to systematically detect and quantify accelerations and decelerations of slowly deforming areas using InSAR displacement time series. The displacement time series are filtered using an outlier detector and subsequently piecewise linear functions are fitted to identify changes in the displacement rate (i.e., accelerations or decelerations). Grouped accelerations and decelerations are inventoried as indicators of potential unstable areas. We tested and refined our new method using a high-quality dataset from the Mud Creek landslide, CA, USA. Our method detects accelerations and decelerations that coincide with those previously detected by manual examination. Second, we tested our method in the region around the Mazar dam and reservoir in Southeast Ecuador, where the time series data were of considerably lower quality. We detected accelerations and decelerations occurring during the entire study period near and upslope of the reservoir. Application of our method results in a wealth of information on the dynamics of the surface displacement of hillslopes and provides an objective way to identify changes in displacement rates. The displacement rates, their spatial variation, and the timing of accelerations and decelerations can be used to study the physical behavior of a slow-moving slope or for regional hazard assessment by linking the timing of changes in displacement rates to landslide causal and triggering factors.
Synthesis and Characterizations of Novel Spinel Ferrites Nanocomposites Al0.5Cr0.5Zn0Fe2O4 and Zn0.5Cr0.5Al0Fe2O4
Authors: Nosheen Sumaira , Iqbal Sadia Sagar , Sabir Aneela , Alturki Abdulaziz , Hossain Nazia , Bahadar Ali 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study, novel spinel ferrites nanocomposites containing aluminum chromium zinc nanoferrites, Al0.5Cr0.5Zn0Fe2O4 and Zn0.5Cr0.5Al0Fe2O4 have been fabricated and characterized to determine the properties of highly stable conduction materials. The nanocomposites have been synthesized through the sol–gel method. Zinc and aluminum-doped chromium ferrites were prepared with the stoichiometric composition ZnxAlx-0.5Cr0.5Fe2O4 with ammonium hydroxide solution (NH4OH) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) at different temperatures with consecutive steps. After sintering the final nanoferrites, characterizations for morphological, spectral properties, and crystallinity have been determined through scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction spectrometer, respectively. SEM micrographs presented that higher sample density and agglomeration of the nanocomposite outer surface with temperature increase. The investigation of the dielectric and conduction properties presented with varying sintering temperature and Al–Zn doping greatly influenced the dielectric properties of spinel nanoferrites dielectric properties: dielectric loss tangent and dielectric constant. The effects of various sintering temperatures provide synergistic effects on the morphology and dielectric conductivity features. The characterizations presented that the dopants (Al, Zn) enhanced the magnetic and electrical properties of both chromium nanoferrites which can be implemented in high frequency single-layered electromagnetic waves absorbing devices in electrical and medical appliances in future.
HHO Methods for the Incompressible Navier-Stokes and the Incompressible Euler Equations
Authors: Botti Lorenzo , Massa Francesco Carlo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe propose two Hybrid High-Order (HHO) methods for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and investigate their robustness with respect to the Reynolds number. While both methods rely on a HHO formulation of the viscous term, the pressure-velocity coupling is fundamentally different, up to the point that the two approaches can be considered antithetical. The first method is kinetic energy preserving, meaning that the skew-symmetric discretization of the convective term is guaranteed not to alter the kinetic energy balance. The approximated velocity fields exactly satisfy the divergence free constraint and continuity of the normal component of the velocity is weakly enforced on the mesh skeleton, leading to H-div conformity. The second scheme relies on Godunov fluxes for pressure-velocity coupling: a Harten, Lax and van Leer approximated Riemann Solver designed for cell centered formulations is adapted to hybrid face centered formulations. The resulting numerical scheme is robust up to the inviscid limit, meaning that it can be applied for seeking approximate solutions of the incompressible Euler equations. The schemes are numerically validated performing steady and unsteady two dimensional test cases and evaluating the convergence rates on h-refined mesh sequences. In addition to standard benchmark flow problems, specifically conceived test cases are conducted for studying the error behaviour when approaching the inviscid limit.
PDE-based surface reconstruction in automotive styling design
Authors: Wang Shuangbu , Xia Yu , You Lihua , Zhang Jianjun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSurface reconstruction is an important part in automotive styling design. Existing reconstruction methods mainly rely on the proficiency of digital modelers who manually modify the surface shape to approximate the scanned data. Apart from manual modifications, the reconstructed surfaces cannot well reflect the design intent of designers since the feature curves of clay models have not been preserved accurately. In this paper, we propose a partial differential equation (PDE) based surface reconstruction method to analytically generate optimal surfaces with Cn continuity under the constraint of the feature curves. The proposed method accurately preserves automotive feature curves and achieves automatic reconstruction of Class-A surfaces without time-consuming manual work. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by a number of experiments that reconstruct main parts of automotive exteriors.
Making Sense of Uncertainty in the Science Classroom
Authors: Rosenberg Joshua M. , Kubsch Marcus , Wagenmakers Eric-Jan , Dogucu Mine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUncertainty is ubiquitous in science, but scientific knowledge is often represented to the public and in educational contexts as certain and immutable. This contrast can foster distrust when scientific knowledge develops in a way that people perceive as a reversals, as we have observed during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on research in statistics, child development, and several studies in science education, we argue that a Bayesian approach can support science learners to make sense of uncertainty. We provide a brief primer on Bayes’ theorem and then describe three ways to make Bayesian reasoning practical in K-12 science education contexts. There are a) using principles informed by Bayes’ theorem that relate to the nature of knowing and knowledge, b) interacting with a web-based application (or widget—Confidence Updater) that makes the calculations needed to apply Bayes’ theorem more practical, and c) adopting strategies for supporting even young learners to engage in Bayesian reasoning. We conclude with directions for future research and sum up how viewing science and scientific knowledge from a Bayesian perspective can build trust in science.
Urban Family Planning in Sub-Saharan Africa: an Illustration of the Cross-sectoral Challenges of Urban Health
Authors: Harpham Trudy , Tetui Moses , Smith Robert , Okwaro Ferdinand , Biney Adriana , Helzner Judith , Duminy James , Parnell Susan , Ganle John 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe multi-sectoral nature of urban health is a particular challenge, which urban family planning in sub-Saharan Africa illustrates well. Rapid urbanisation, mainly due to natural population increase in cities rather than rural–urban migration, coincides with a large unmet urban need for contraception, especially in informal settlements. These two phenomena mean urban family planning merits more attention. To what extent are the family planning and urban development sectors working together on this? Policy document analysis and stakeholder interviews from both the family planning and urban development sectors, across eight sub-Saharan African countries, show how cross-sectoral barriers can stymie efforts but also identify some points of connection which can be built upon. Differing historical, political, and policy landscapes means that entry points to promote urban family planning have to be tailored to the context. Such entry points can include infant and child health, female education and employment, and urban poverty reduction. Successful cross-sectoral advocacy for urban family planning requires not just solid evidence, but also internal consensus and external advocacy: FP actors must consensually frame the issue per local preoccupations, and then communicate the resulting key messages in concerted and targeted fashion. More broadly, success also requires that the environment be made conducive to cross-sectoral action, for example through clear requirements in the planning processes’ guidelines, structures with focal persons across sectors, and accountability for stakeholders who must make cross-sectoral action a reality.
A new economical storage technique for strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) in vitro
Authors: Paynter Michelle L. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Strawberry plants grown in vitro are typically stored and maintained on agar containing Murashige and Skoog (MS) media and sucrose as a carbohydrate source. This method of storing strawberry plants in vitro is expensive and time consuming, requiring sub-culturing onto fresh media every 2 to 3 mo. This study aimed to establish the viability of using a substrate alternative as an economical replacement for MS media, for both long-term storage in vitro and ease of transfer (ex vitro). A protocol was developed for strawberry in vitro using commercially available sterilized peat pellets (Jiffy-7® pellets), to optimize culture conditions and tissue culture practices. Suitability of the peat substrate was measured by the plant’s overall response to culture in vitro and subsequent health and survival ex vitro following deflasking. Included in this study was a comparison of the use of vented vs non-vented tissue culture vessels for their effect on plant development and survival in vitro and ex vitro. The results show that strawberry plants can be grown and stored under in vitro conditions in vented vessels without sub-culturing for up to 3 yr or more. This equates to an approximately eightfold more efficient technique, significantly decreasing cost of storing and maintaining strawberry plants in vitro. Furthermore, plants grown in the peat substrate did not multiply, and had more established secondary roots than those grown in the conventional MS media.
Explaining Higher-order Defeat
Authors: Tiozzo Marco 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHigher-order evidence appears to have the ability to defeat rational belief. It is not obvious, however, why exactly the defeat happens. In this paper, I consider two competing explanations of higher-order defeat: the “Objective Higher-Order Defeat Explanation” and the “Subjective Higher-Order Defat Explanation.” According to the former explanation, possessing sufficiently strong higher-order evidence to indicate that one’s belief about p fails to be rational is necessary and sufficient for defeating one’s belief about p. I argue that this type of explanation is defective or at best collapses into the other type of explanation. According to the latter explanation, Believing that one’s belief about p fails to be rational (in response to higher-order evidence about p) is necessary and sufficient for defeating one’s belief about p. I argue that this type of explanation is better suited to explain higher-order defeat given that what one is rational to believe partly depends on the relations among one’s doxastic attitudes. Finally, I address an peculiar feature of the Subjective Higher-Order Defeat Explanation: higher-order defeat becomes contingent on one’s response to the higher-order evidence.
A modified Halpern-proximal point method for approximating solutions of mixed equilibrium and fixed point problems in Hadamard spaces
Authors: Aremu K. O. , Aphane M. , Ibrahim A. H. , Oyewole O. K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce and study a modified Halpern-type proximal point algorithm which comprises a finite family of resolvents of mixed equilibrium problems and a finite family of k-demimetric mappings. We prove that the algorithm converges strongly to a common solution of a finite family of mixed equilibrium problems, which is also a common fixed point of a finite family of k-demimetric mappings in a Hadamard space. Furthermore, we give a numerical example of our algorithm to show the applicability of our algorithm.
A Hybrid Optimization Algorithm for Water Volume Adjustment Problem in District Heating Systems
Authors: Han Yi , Pan Pengfei , Lv Hexin , Dai Guoyong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNowadays, the winter is getting harsher and harsher in Northern China. Thus, the centralized heating systems (CHSs) are playing even more irreplaceable, essential and critical roles in ensuring general public’s livelihood than never ever before. CHSs are normally composed of one or several combined heat and power (CHP) plants (units) and an extensive vein like district heating networks (DHNs) connecting with chemical plants, paper mills, food processing factories, hospitals, hotels, universities, prisons and residential complexes. A CHP plant in Northern China usually consumes coal to heat the cold water into steam to drive high-pressure turbines and low pressure turbines to generate electricity. Then the low-temperature steam is used to heat up the cold water in a main pipe into hot water travelling through the DHNs to provide heat to each end nodes. The returned water will be heated again for reuse and the surplus steam will be released into air through cooling towers. In 2020, China promised to the world that carbon dioxide will peak in 2030 and net-zero emission will happen in 2060. On the one hand, CHP plants need to guarantee enough hot water flowing within each household’s heating radiator. On the other hand, they should cut down on the consumption on non-renewable resources. Lowering water temperature, adjusting water volume and reducing water pressure will all contribute to energy-saving purpose. Lowering water temperature and reducing water pressure may cause too much heat losses during long-distance transmission in frigid winter. Therefore, a reasonable water volume adjustment becomes an advisable action comparatively. Here, we transfer the hot water supply volume optimization problem (HWSVOP) into a heat exchange station (HES) valve angle adjustment problem (SHWESVAAP). Then, a multi-objective mathematical model is established considering balancing the satisfactory degree of each household in residential quarters and the hot water volume (HWV) in the main pipe. And a hybrid polar bear optimization algorithm integrated with chemical reaction optimization (HA-PBO-CRO) is designed to optimize the valve angle (VA) in each HES. The comparative results between HA-PBO-CRO and non-dominant sorting genetic algorithm (NSGAII) demonstrate HA-PBO-CRO is superior to NSGAII with better Pareto frontiers on one hand and provide a critical reference supporting the management in a CHP plant to make a right decision on what to do to cut energy consumption while satisfying customers’ needs.
A Dynamical Approach to Position Vector of Timelike Curve by Vectorial Momentum, Torque and Tangential Dual Curve
Authors: Yavuz Ayşe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study, the position vector of a timelike curve$$\wp$$℘is stated by a linear combination of its Serret Frenet frame with differentiable functions. The definition of tangential dual curve of the curve$$\wp$$℘is stated by using these differentiable functions. Moreover, tangential torque curve of timelike curve$$\wp$$℘is defined and investigated. New dynamically and physical results are stated depending on the torque of the timelike curve$$\wp$$℘and the direction of the tangent vector component of the curve. Then, the position vector of a timelike W curve is again stated by differentiable functions. Therefore, solutions of differential equation of the position vector of timelike W curve with two different types depending on the values of curvature and torsion of timelike curve are obtained. By using the differentiable functions obtained as a result of these solutions, tangential dual and torque curve of the timelike W curve are obtained. Depending on the tangential dual and torque curve of the timelike W curve, results are given for two different cases separately.