bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peak Ground Acceleration Prediction using Artificial Neural Networks for Kachchh, Gujarat, India
Authors: Mandal Prantik 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The uncertainty in the empirical ground motion prediction models (GMMs) for any region depends on several parameters. In the present work, we apply an artificial neural network (ANN) to design a GMM of peak ground acceleration (PGA) for Kachchh, Gujarat, India, utilizing independent input parameters viz., moment magnitudes, hypocentral distances, focal depths and site proxy (in terms of average seismic shear-wave velocity from the surface to a depth of 30m (Vs30)). The study has been performed using a PGA dataset consisting of eight engineering seismoscope (SRR) records of the 2001 Mw7.7 Bhuj earthquake and 237 strong-motion records of 32 significant Bhuj aftershocks of Mw3.3-5.6 (during 2002-2008) with epicentral distances ranging from 1.0 to 288 km.We apply a feed-forward back propagation ANN method with 8 hidden nodes, which is found to be optimal for the selected PGA database and input-output mapping. The standard deviation of the error has been utilized to examine the performance of our model. We also test the ground motion predictability of our ANN model using real recordings of the 2001 Bhuj mainshock, two Mw5.6 Kachchh aftershocks and the 1999 Mw6.4 Chamoli mainshock. The standard deviation of PGA prediction error estimates in log10 units is found to be ±0.2554. Also, the model predictability of our ANN model suggests a good prediction of the PGA for earthquakes of Mw5.6-7.7, which are occurring in Kachchh, Gujarat, India.
Repeated CT-based Hounsfield Unit Measurements as a Proxy Measure of Intercorporal Bone Graft Remodelling Towards Spinal Fusion; a Feasibility Study.
Authors: Reijmer JFH , de Jong LD , Kruyt M. C. , Gorp MJ van , Susante Job LC van 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: There is a lack of knowledge about the biological process of intercorporal bone graft remodelling towards successful lumbar spine fusion with bridging vital bone between two adjacent vertebrae. Hounsfield Units (HU) highly correlate with Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and changes in HU may be valuable as proxy measure to monitor ongoing fusion. The aims of this study were to explore the feasibility to quantify BMD changes in the intercorporal bone graft after spinal fusion on consecutive CT-scans, and to explore whether trends in the individual changes in HU over time may serve as a proxy measure for successful fusion or non-fusion.Methods: A retrospective case series was conducted using available one-year and two-year CT-data from patients after posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery. First, a standardized measuring procedure was developed, incorporating internal phantomless calibration, to establish the HU values of the grafted region of interest using consecutive CT-slices. Subsequently, changes in the participants’ bone graft HU over time between their first and second year after surgery were explored.Results: Between one and two years after surgery, seven out of nine (78%) participants showed an increase in their bone grafts’ HU, ranging from 3% to 41%. In two participants HU-values decreased 14% and 32%, respectively. The intraobserver reliability of the HU measuring procedure was excellent (ICC 0.93 (95% confidence interval 0.91 to 0.95)).Conclusion: The majority (78%) of participants in the current study showed increases in their bone graft HU, which suggests ongoing bone graft remodelling towards lumbar fusion. This result corresponds with the established percentages of achieved rigid bony fusion after lumbar spinal fusion surgery reported in the literature. Thus, prospective follow-up of CT-based HU measurements may have potential as diagnostic measure to monitor bone graft remodelling in time and trends may predict successful fusion or non-fusion. The measurement procedure developed in this study, using internal phantomless calibration, showed excellent intraobserver reliability and merits further study in larger patient numbers.
Identification of the biomarker soluble TREM-1 as a candidate for a personalised medicine approach for nangibotide treatment of septic shock
Authors: Lambden Simon , Grouin Jean-Marie , Garaud Jean Jacques , Olivier Aurelie , Jolly Lucie , Derive Marc , Cuvier Valerie , Salcedo-Magguilli Margarita 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background:One of main new avenue of exploration in critical care medicine is the development of personalized medicine approaches to better determine which therapy provides the optimal risk/benefit ratio for subgroups of septic shock patients presenting with similar clinical syndromes. This paper describes the early clinical development of a personalized medicine approach for a novel therapeutic agent targeting the TREM-1 pathway, nangibotide, in the treatment of septic shock.Methods:Soluble TREM-1 (sTREM-1) is a mechanism-based candidate biomarker with the potential to select patients at high risk of death and who may respond best to an anti-TREM-1 strategy. Validation of a potential cut-off value and choice of surrogate endpoint for phase 2b clinical trial are built on data from a retrospective cohort study of 293 septic shock patients and data from a multicentre prospective phase 2a study of 49 septic shock patients treated either by placebo or nangibotide. Logistic regression modelling is combined with receiver operator characteristic analysis to validate the prognostic potential of sTREM-1. In addition, the potential predictive cut-off is defined by modelling the ability of different values to detect treatment effect.Results:sTREM-1 at baseline in the AdrenOSS-1 cohort is strongly associated with 28day mortality with a standardized odds ratio for mortality of 2.86 (95%CI 1.91-4.27, p<0.0001) and an optimum value for predicting mortality of 408pg/ml with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.694. Based on the performance of different cut-off values as predictors of treatment response to nangibotide in the Phase IIa MOT-C-201 trial, a preliminary tentative value of 400pg/ml was selected. In patients with the high sTREM-1 group the mean change of SOFA from baseline to 48 hours is +1.5 points in the AdrenOSS-1 cohort. Conclusions: This study improves our understanding of the behaviour of sTREM-1 as a potential mechanism-based biomarker with the potential to offer both prognostic and predictive enrichment in clinical trials of nangibotide. These data inform the design of the ongoing ASTONISH phase 2b study which intends to validate the proposed cut-off value as a predictive biomarker in septic shock.Trial Registration: AdrenOSS-1 study: clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02393781, MOT-C-201: clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03158948
Bibliometric Analysis of Oral Mucositis Research In Pediatric Oncology
Authors: SEVGİLİ Seda ARDAHAN , ŞENOL Selmin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Individuals receiving cancer treatment experience many treatment-related complications. Since one of these complications is oral mucositis, studies are conducted on this subject. This study aims to analyse the studies examining oral mucositis in the pediatric oncology population by bibliometric methods.Methods: Bibliometric analysis was performed using the WosViewer software to scan the articles written in the relevant field. Publication trend, country distribution, journal and citation analysis, citation analysis of publications, keyword analysis of publications, text mining of abstracts were performed. Results: In this study, 108 studies in the Web of Science database were examined. Because of the analyses, it was determined that there was an increase in studies on the subject after 2017. It has been determined that America, Brazil and Canada are the countries with the highest number of studies on this subject. Oral mucositis, mucositis and chemotherapy were determined as the most frequently used keywords.Discussion: Studies of oral mucositis in the pediatric population tend to increase recently. Preserving this increase and accelerating the work to be done in this field will fill the gaps in the literature.
Modified DRASTIC method for groundwater vulnerability assessment in areas with diverse Quaternary deposits
Authors: Männik Magdaleena , Karro Enn , Marandi Andres , Polikarpus Maile , Ani Tavo , Rosentau Alar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Developing accurate groundwater vulnerability maps is necessary for environmental planning and protection of groundwater resources. The DRASTIC method is one of the most widely used groundwater vulnerability assessment techniques. To achieve a more precise vulnerability estimation in areas where aquifers are covered with an extra layer of diverse sediments and thus, have more complex hydrogeology, e.g. in formerly glaciated regions, a further modification of the DRASTIC method is required. In such areas, the thickness of deposits can vary from thin layers with a high pollution potential to thick Quaternary layers making the groundwater protected against contamination. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to modify the DRASTIC method to be successfully applied in the areas characterized by a layer of diverse Quaternary sediments, which remarkably influence the nature of the infiltration conditions. First, the D-, S-, and I-parameters were modified, considering the nature of the Quaternary layer. To help the process, a model was created, which takes as input all necessary files for vulnerability assessment and creates a map using all parameters with weights assigned to them. Later, both the original and the modified DRASTIC methodology was applied in an area with glacial sediments located in Central Estonia. For the validation of methods, the comparison of results from existing vulnerability maps, which were produced by methodology specifically developed for local geological conditions, was used. In conclusion, the results generated by the modified DRASTIC method showed significantly more similarities with the existing maps than the original DRASTIC method. Thus, the modified DRASTIC method is successfully applicable in areas where the aquifer is covered with an extra layer of diverse Quaternary sediments.
Forming limit curves of ultra-thin sheet metal for high-speed Nakajima test
Authors: Zhang Ying , Xie Chen Yu , Yuan Zheng Jun , Tang Xiu Jia , Zhang Guoqing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper is concerned with Nakajima test and forming limit curve (FLC) of stainless 304 ultra-thin sheet metal in relation to the strain rate effect. The mechanical properties related to the micro structure of specimens are studied based on quasi static tension test. The forming limit curves are constructed by Nakajima tests with two different strain rates, quasi-static and high speed strain rate. Compared with the quasi-static FLC, the high speed FLC of the 304 ultra-thin metal sheet for all specimens with different thickness is lower through the entire region. The results confirm that the strain rates have a noticeably influence on the formability of ultra-thin sheet metal. The deformation and fracture behavior for high speed forming is discussed based on the previous study. The forming limit curves should be considered in the design in high speed ultra-thin sheet metal forming processes.
Rapid transition from primary to secondary crust building on the Moon explained by mantle overturn.
Authors: Prissel Tabb , Zhang Nan , Jackson Colin , Li Haoyuan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Geochronology indicates a rapid transition from primary to secondary crust building on the Moon. However, a lack of consensus remains regarding the operative mechanisms responsible for generation of early secondary magmas and their global extent. This study tests the hypothesis that the earliest secondary crust (Mg-suite rocks) formed as a direct result of density-driven cumulate mantle overturn. To do this, we advance 3-D mantle convection models to predict the extent of lower mantle melting induced by cumulate overturn. In contrast to previous suggestions, our results demonstrate that mantle overturn alone can simultaneously explain the abundance, timing, and spatial extent of early secondary crust building without contributions from other energy sources, i.e., lunar KREEP (potassium, rare earth elements, phosphorus, radiogenic U, Th). We propose that gravitational instabilities in magma ocean cumulate piles are major driving forces for the onset of mantle convection and initial secondary crust building on differentiated bodies.
Systematic analysis of CXC chemokine–vascular endothelial growth factor A network in colonic adenocarcinoma from the perspective of angiogenesis
Authors: Situ Yongli , XU Qinying , DENG Li , LU Xiaoyong , CUI Yongshi , LIN Hao , SHAO Zheng , Chen Jv 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Tumor angiogenesis plays a vital role in tumorigenesis, proliferation, and metastasis. Recently, it has been gradually recognized that VEGFA and CXC chemokines are important players in angiogenesis. It is interesting to explore the expression level, gene regulatory network, prognostic value, and target prediction of CXC chemokine-VEGFA network in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) from the perspective of tumor angiogenesis.
Methods
In this study, we analyzed gene expression and regulation, prognostic value, target prediction, and immune infiltrates related to CXC chemokine-VEGFA network in patients with COAD using multiple databases (cBioPortal, UALCAN, Human Protein Atlas, GeneMANIA, GEPIA, TIMER, TRRUST, LinkedOmics, and Metascape).
Results
Our results showed that CXCL1/2/3/5/6/8/11/16/17 and VEGFA were significantly overexpressed, while CXCL12/13/14 was underexpressed in patients with COAD. Moreover, genetic alterations in the CXC chemokine-VEGFA network found at varying rates in patients with COAD were as follows: CXCL1/2/17 (2.1%), CXCL3/16 (2.6%), CXCL5/14 (2.4%), CXCL6 (3%), CXCL8 (0.8%), CXCL11/13 (1.9%), CXCL12 (0.6%), and VEGFA (1.3%). Promoter methylation of CXCL1/2/3/11/13/17 was significantly lower in patients with COAD, while methylation of CXCL5/6/12/14 and VEGFA was significantly higher. Furthermore, CXCL9/10/11 and VEGFA expression was significantly correlated with the pathological stages of COAD. In addition, patients with COAD with high CXCL8/11/14 or low VEGFA expression levels survived longer than patients without these characteristics. CXC chemokines and VEGFA form a complex regulatory network through co-expression, co-localization, and genetic interactions. Moreover, many transcription factor targets of the CXC chemokine-VEGFA network in patients with COAD were found: RELA, NFKB1, ZFP36, XBP1, HDAC2, SP1, ATF4, EP300, BRCA1, ESR1, HIF1A, EGR1, STAT3, and JUN. We further identified the top three miRNAs involved in regulating each CXC chemokine within the network: miR-518C, miR-369-3P, and miR-448 regulated CXCL1; miR-518C, miR-218, and miR-493 regulated CXCL2; miR-448, miR-369-3P, and miR-221 regulated CXCL3; miR-423 regulated CXCL13; miR-378, miR-381, and miR-210 regulated CXCL14; miR-369-3P, miR-382, and miR-208 regulated CXCL17; miR-486 and miR-199A regulated VEGFA. Furthermore, the CXC chemokine-VEGFA network in patients with COAD was significantly associated with immune infiltration.
Conclusions
This study revealed that the CXC chemokine-VEGFA network is a prognostic biomarker for patients with COAD. Moreover, our study provides new therapeutic targets for COAD which will act as a reference for further research in the future.
Why do companies not disclose climate change adaptation strategies?
Authors: Tang Samuel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
For 20 years the private sector has discussed climate change. While information about greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and reduction targets has become something of a feature in corporate reporting, the majority of businesses do not report on the current and future predicted effects of climate change on their organisation and their proposals for adapting to climate change. This dearth of information about a company’s climate resilience and preparedness is a concern given shareholders, investors, policymakers, and other key stakeholders use corporate reports to inform decision-making. Beyond assumptions, little empirical insights exist on why companies do not disclose on climate change. Utilising 60 interviews with stakeholders involved in climate change reporting, this paper explores why companies do not report corporate climate change adaptation strategies. The paper uncovers various social and organisational factors that raise new insights about the role of the institutional environment in suppressing the spread and uptake of this organisational practice. Insights highlight policy, practice and research opportunities to change organisational behaviour.
Microbial communities changes across aging process of tobacco leaves
Authors: Wang Fan , Jin Yongming , Zhang Yao , Jiang Xinglin , Zhang Ge , Chen Guoqiang , Yang Mingjun , Leng Feifan , Bai Xiaoli , Li Hongtao , Wu Lijun , Zhang Haibo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Microbial communities that inhabit aging tobacco leaves play a key role in improving quality by interactions with themselves and tobacco leaves to release tannins, increase sugar levels, promote aromatic taste and degrade harmful compounds. A better understanding of microbial communities on the aging of tobacco leaves could provide an important microbial repository for the industrial applications. Results: Here, we examined the structural and compositional changes of microbial communities and identified the potential metabolic pathways of bacteria and fungi throughout the aging process. The results showed that the diversity and structure of the microbial communities keep changing along with the aging process went on. The richness and diversity of bacterial community decreased, while the richness of fungal community was in an inverse trend. At the phylum level, the bacterial community was dominated by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidete, while Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant species in the fungal community. In the bacterial community, metabolic functions related to the carbon and nitrogen cycles which response to the degradation of harmful components, and the metabolism of aromatic hydrocarbons showed extremely dynamic at different aging periods. The change of the main nutritional mode of the fungal community also led to an increase in the abundance of saprophytic fungi. Conclusion: These results provide information on the succession of microbial community structure and function in the whole process of tobacco aging and suggest that the aging process of tobacco leaves can be a natural microbial collection for target microorganism and their metabolites. It also enables the further investigation of coordination mechanisms between beneficial microbial regulation and pathogenicity during aging process.
Views of general practitioners on end-of-life care learning preferences: A systematic review
Authors: Atreya Shrikant , Datta Soumitra S , Salins Naveen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
General practitioners (GPs) play a pivotal role in providing end-of-life care in the community. Although they value end-of-life care, they have apprehensions about providing care in view of the limitations in knowledge and skills in end-of-life care. This review aimed to explore, synthesise, and analyse the views of general practitioners on end-of-life care learning preferences.
Methods
MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane were searched for literature on the views of general practitioners on end-of-life care learning preferences from 01/01/1990 to 31/05/2021. Methodological quality was reported.
Results
Of the 10037 articles identified, 23 were included for the review. Five themes developed from the review. The desire to provide palliative care, as well as self-actualization needs, relevance to practice, a sense of responsibility, and a therapeutic bond, motivates general practitioners to learn end-of-life care. Some of the learning needs expressed were pain and symptom management, communication skills, and addressing caregiver needs. Experiential learning and pragmatist learning styles were preferred learning styles. They perceived the need for an amicable learning environment in which they could freely express their deficiencies. The review also identified barriers to learning, challenges at personal and professional level, feelings of disempowerment, and conflicts in care.
Conclusion
GPs’ preference for learning about end-of-life care was influenced by the value attributed to learning, context and content, as well as preference for learning styles and the availability of resources. Thus future trainings must be in alignment with the GPs’ learning preferences.
Water quality, Vegetation, and Management of Stormwater Ponds Draining Three Distinct Urban Land Uses in Central Florida
Authors: Skovira Lindsay M. , Bohlen Patrick 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Stormwater ponds are a prevalent engineered water feature that are designed to mitigate the effects of urban land use on downstream water bodies. These systems contribute significantly to the total area of aquatic ecosystems in some urban watersheds, making them important integrative features for examining human impacts on water ecosystem services in some urban watersheds. We investigated the distribution of stormwater ponds in relation to different land uses and examined dissolved nutrients in pond water, pond vegetation, and pond management practices in stormwater ponds receiving runoff from distinct urban lands uses in a rapidly developing suburban watershed of Orlando, FL, USA. Stormwater ponds represented 40.2% of the total area of non-forested freshwater systems in the watershed, and were dominated by ponds situated in residential (43.7%), followed by roadways (14.7%), and institutional (2.3%) land uses. We randomly selected 8 ponds receiving runoff from each of these three lands uses, and sampled them monthly from May-Sept. 2015 for nutrient and physical characteristics, and assessed their general cover of emergent and submerged vegetation. Total nitrogen (TN) concentrations differed significantly between expressway and school ponds, with expressway ponds having TN concentrations 51.7% higher than schools. Both TP and TN varied differently through time in the different lands uses and most concentrations of most dissolved nutrients separated out from pond vegetative cover in a principle component analysis. Ponds with higher TN and chlorophyll a (chla) concentrations had lower water clarity. Management intensity for removal of aquatic vegetation and algae was lower in school ponds than in expressway and residential ponds, and school ponds contained the highest abundance and diversity of vegetation. Different urban land uses had varying impacts on water quality, and more intense chemical use to control vegetation and algae was related to greater nutrient and chla concentrations and lower water clarity. Our results indicate that there are important differences in nutrient concentration in stormwater ponds in the different land uses that may be related both to differences in surface runoff, and in management practices use to control overgrowth of vegetation and algae.