bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personal protective equipment used by obstetricians and obstetric nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mansoura, Egypt
Authors: Khashaba Eman , El-Gilany Abdel-Hady , Shalaby Hend , El-Kurdy Rania 
Published: April 2022

Background: This study was done to describe the pattern of personal protective equipment (PPE) use, associated factors, and adverse events among obstetricians and obstetric nurses in obstetrics & gynecology departments. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Obstetrics & Gynecology departments in three hospitals (physician & nurses n=252) using an online Google form including demographic and occupational health data, type of available personal protective equipment during usual care, CS and emergency labor, infection control measures and hazards of full PPE use. Results Full PPE use was 37.7% during CS and 34.9% during emergency labor. The significant predictors of wearing full PPE during CS were daily work hours > 8 hours and receiving formal training about PPE use. During CS & emergency labor most of HCws used sterile gloves and sterile fluid resistant gowns and surgical mask.to less extent used face shields or tight fitting googles and one tenth (11.8%) only used N95. The most common health effects of full PPE use was sense of heat (79.5%). Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic more vigorous respiratory (N95 mask) and eye protection is required during aerosol-generating procedures. Formal training is an evident predictor for full PPE use.
Cross-sectional study to assess etiology and associated factors for anaemia during first trimester of pregnancy in Anuradhapura District, Sri Lanka: a protocol
Authors: Amarasinghe Gayani , Mendis Vasana , Agampodi Thilini , Agampodi Suneth 
Published: April 2022

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy, which can lead to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, is a significant global health problem. Despite Sri Lanka’s strong public health system and commitment towards prevention, maternal anaemia remains a major problem in the country. While prevention is focused on iron deficiency, detailed etiological studies on this topic are scarce. Moreover, estimates of socio demographic and economic factors associated with anaemia in pregnancy, which can provide important clues for anaemia control, are also lacking. This study aims to evaluate the hemoglobin distribution, and geographical distribution, contribution of known aetiologies and associated factors for anaemia in pregnant women in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. Methods: This is a cross sectional study of pregnant women in their first trimester registered for antenatal care from July to September 2019 in Anuradhapura district. The minimal sample size was calculated to be 1866. Initial data collection has already been carried out in special field clinics for pregnant women between June to October 2019. An interviewer-administered questionnaire, a self-completed dietary questionnaire and an examination checklist were used for data collection. In addition, all participants underwent complete blood count testing. Further investigations are being conducted for predicting the etiology of anaemia based on a developed algorithm (such as high-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] and peripheral blood film analysis). Discussion: Being the largest study on anaemia during pregnancy in a single geographical area in Sri Lanka, this study will provide important clues about geographical clustering of anaemia cases with similar etiology, associated factors and etiologies which would help to develop interventions to improve the health of pregnant women in the area. The possibility of selection bias is a potential limitation associated with the study design.
Women’s groups and COVID-19: An evidence review on savings groups in Africa
Authors: Adegbite Olayinka , Anderson Leigh , Chidiac Sybil , Dirisu Osasuyi , Grzeslo Jenna , Hakspiel Julia , Holla Chinmaya , Janoch Emily , Jafa Krishna , Jayaram Shubha , Majara Grace , Mulyampiti Tabitha , Namisango Eve , Noble Eva , Onyishi Bukola , Panetta David , Siwach Garima , Sulaiman Munshi , Walcott Rebecca , Desai Sapna , de Hoop Thomas 
Published: April 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and some of the associated policy responses have resulted in significant gendered impacts that may reverse recent progress in gender equality, including in sub-Saharan Africa. This paper presents emerging evidence from studies in diverse contexts in sub-Saharan Africa —with a deep dive into Nigeria and Uganda—on how COVID-19 has affected women’s groups, especially savings groups, and how these groups have helped mitigate the gendered effects of the pandemic’s and the associated policy responses’ consequences up until April 2021. The synthesis presents evidence that savings groups found ways to continue operating, provided leadership opportunities for women during the pandemic, and mitigated some of the negative economic consequences of COVID-19 on individual savings group members. Savings, credit, and group support from other members all likely contributed to the ability of groups to positively affect the resilience of women’s group member during COVID-19. Households with a female member in a savings group in Nigeria and Uganda have coped with the crisis better than those not in savings groups. While savings groups have shown the potential for resilience during the pandemic, they often faced financial challenges because of decreased savings, which sometimes resulted in the depletion of group assets. Savings groups also contributed to community responses and provided women a platform for leadership. These findings are consistent with a recent evidence synthesis on how past covariate shocks affected women’s groups and their members. We conclude the paper by presenting various policy recommendations to enable savings groups to achieve improvements in women’s empowerment and economic outcomes, and research recommendations to address some of the current evidence gaps on how COVID-19 is affecting women’s groups and their members.
Dense subalgebras in noncommutative Jordan topological algebras
Authors: Abel Mati 
Published: April 2022

Wilansky conjectured in [12] that normed dense Q-algebras are full subalgebras of Banach algebras. Beddaa and Oudadess proved in [2] that Wilansky’s conjecture was true. They showed that k-normed Q-algebras are full subalgebras of k-Banach algebras for each k∈(0,1]. Moreover, J. Pérez, L. Rico and A. Rodríguez showed in [8], Theorem 4, that this was also true in the case of noncommutative Jordan-Banach algebras. In the present paper this problem has been studied in a more general case. It is proved that all dense Q-subalgebras of topological algebras and of noncommutative Jordan topological algebras with continuous multiplication are full subalgebras. Some equivalent conditions that a dense subalgebra would be a Q-algebra (in subspace topology) in Q-algebras and in nonassociative Jordan Q-algebras with continuous multiplication are given.
Statistically pre-Cauchy sequences and bounded moduli
Authors: Gürdal Mehmet 
Published: April 2022

Let x=(xk) be a sequence and let f be a bounded modulus. We prove that x is statistically pre-Cauchy if and only if
limn 1/n2∑j,k≤nf(|xk−xj|)=0.
This implies a theorem due to Connor, Fridy and Kline [4].
S-nuclearity and n-diameters of infinite Cartesian products of bounded subsets in Banach spaces
Authors: Faried Nashat , Fathey Mona 
Published: April 2022

In this paper we classify compact subsets of a normed space according to the rate of convergence to zero of its sequence {δn(B)} of Kolmogorov diameters. We introduce σ-compact sets to satisfy that {δn(B)}∈σ where σ is an ideal of convergent to zero sequences. Examples of sequence ideals are the ideals of rapidly decreasing sequences {λn} satisfying limn→∞λnnα=0 or radically decreasing sequences satisfying limn→∞(|λn|)1/n=0. In the case that σ is the ideal of rapidly decreasing sequences, this notion is identical to the S-nuclearity introduced by K. Astala and M. S. Ramanujan in 1987. We show that the infinite Cartesian product ∏i=1∞Bi of compact sets Bi is ℓp-compact in ℓp(Xi), for all p>0, if (δ0(Bi))∈S. In this case, we give upper estimates for the n-th diameters of ∏i=1∞Bi in ℓp(Xi) for any p>0.
Remarks on transfinite sequences of functions that preserve convergence
Authors: Činčura Juraj , Kostyrko Pavel , Šalát Tibor 
Published: April 2022

In the paper [6] the author investigates sequences of functions (fn)n=1∞ preserving the convergence of sequences which are alternatively called conservative sequences of functions. In this note we extend this concept to the transfinite sequences of functions and prove that in this case the property of being conservative is equivalent to the property of being pointwise convergent. Then we introduce the concept of p-locally convergence for transfinite sequences of functions and show that if X is a locally Lindelöf first-countable T1-space and a transfinite sequence {fξ : X → R}ξ<Ω converges p-locally uniformly to a function f : X → R, then C(f) = Lim C(fξ) where C(f) denotes the set of all continuity points of f.
Pricing European-style options under jump diffusion processes with stochastic volatility: applications of Fourier transform
Authors: Kangro Raul , Pärna Kalev , Sepp Artur 
Published: April 2022

We develop a general methodology for pricing European-style options under various stochastic processes via the Fourier transform. We generalize previous work in this field and present two approaches for solving the pricing problem: the characteristic formula which is an extension of Lewis (2001) work, and the Black-Scholes-style formula which is an extension and generalization of previous works by Heston (1993) and Bates (1996). We show how to apply our formulas for two types of asset price dynamics: 1) stochastic volatility models with price jumps at a stochastic jump intensity rate, 2) stochastic volatility models with price and volatility jumps. Convergence properties of Fourier integrals arising from both approaches are studied.
Reparameterization and invariant covariance matrices of factors in linear models
Authors: Möls Tõnu , Nahtman Tatyana 
Published: April 2022

Let the vector ζ consist of sampled random elements of factors in a linear mixed model. Let P be a permutation matrix. The covariance matrix D(ζ) is called P-invariant if D(ζ)=D(Pζ). It will be demonstrated that there is a strong correspondence between the spectrum of D(ζ) and certain reparametrization conditions on the factors. In particular, the classical reparametrization condition ∑ζi=0 has a clear presentation through the eigenvalues of D(ζ). This correspondence is useful for modelling data.
Differential and integral transformations of parametric functions in biometry
Authors: Möls Tõnu , Tuul Marek 
Published: April 2022

We present some useful applications of linear statistical covariance modelling. The common classical model Y=Xβ+ε is assumed to contain at least one continuous variable in X. Treating the model as a parametric function Xβ, and applying certain linear operators on X, makes it possible to get additional information about the dependent variable Y.In particular, it is possible to estimate derivatives, Riemann integrals and Fourier transforms of the dependent variables. The proposed methods are illustrated on real chemical data of Lake Peipsi (Estonia/Russia). Examples cover the estimation of dynamics of changes in the concentration of chemical substances in Lake Peipsi, and the estimation of the total quantity of a substance heterogeneously distributed in the lake. Calculations are carried out with the SAS software.
Concerning continuity of inverse in quotients of topological algebras
Authors: Żelazko Wiesław 
Published: April 2022

We construct a commutative complete unital locally convex algebra A, so that the operation of taking an inverse in A, x→x-1, is continuous on the group G(A) of all invertible elements in A, but there is a closed ideal I ⊂ A such that the operation of taking an inverse is discontinuous in thequotient algebra A/I.
On the joint distribution of a linear and a quadratic form in skew normal variables
Authors: Gupta Arjun K. , Kollo Tõnu , Selart Anne 
Published: April 2022

Let z be distributed as multivariate skew normal vector. We derive the joint moment generating function (m.g.f.) of a linear form and a quadratic form in z, and the conditions for their independence. The first two multivariate cumulants of the two forms are derived and applied in special cases. Finally a simulation example is presented.
M(r,s)-inequality for K(X,Y) in L(X,Y)
Authors: Haller Rainis , Johanson Marje , Oja Eve 
Published: April 2022

We study Banach spaces X and Y for which the subspace of all compact operators K(X,Y) forms an ideal satisfying the M(r,s)-inequality in the space of all continuous linear operators L(X,Y). We prove that K(X,Y) is an M(r12r2,s12s2)- and an M(r1r22,s1s22)-ideal in L(X,Y) whenever K(X) and L(Y) are M(r1,s1)- and M(r2,s2)-ideals in span(K(X)∪IX) and span(K(Y)∪IY), respectively, with r1+s1/2>1 and r2+s2/2>1. Our results extend some well-known results on M-ideals.
On representations of stochastic processes by Radon measures on D(0,1)
Authors: Grala-Michalak Jolanta , Michalak Artur 
Published: April 2022

We provide a necessary and sufficient condition for a stochastic process X = {Xt : t ∈ [0, 1]}, taking values in a real Banach space B, for the existence of a probability Radon measure on the space D((0, 1), B) such that the process {et : t ∈ [0, 1]} consisting of evaluationfunctionals is distributed as X. The condition may be easy verified for Levy processes.
An inclusion theorem for non-archimedean sequence spaces
Authors: Ain Kati 
Published: April 2022

It is proved that a non-archimedean FK-space E includes the space c0 of null-sequences if and only if E includes the space l1` of absolutely summable sequences, and for both inclusions the boundedness in E of the set {ek | k ∈ N} of the unit vectors is necessary and sufficient.It is shown that in the non-archimedean context the concepts of wedge space and semiconservative space are equivalent.
Supervised graph convolution networks for OSNR and power estimation in optical mesh networks
Authors: Prakash Anurag , Kar Subrat 
Published: April 2022

The optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) and received optical channel power are critical parameters in determining the quality of transmission. The OSNR and received optical channel power are influenced by network impairments such as fiber loss, amplified stimulated emission noise, and nonlinear impairments. Furthermore, environmental effects and routing, modulation, and spectrum assignment schemes influence the OSNR and thus the reach of the optical channels. These impairments and effects vary with the spectral loads that are hard to predict in brownfield networks. Several deep neural network (DNN)-based methods have been explored to estimate the OSNR and nonlinear noise. However, these methods ignore the network topology. This paper bridges this gap by leveraging supervised graph convolution neural networks (GCNs), which operate directly on graphs for OSNR and received power estimation in an optical mesh network. We also develop and implement a novel graph windowed neural network (GWinN) to reduce the over-smoothing effects of a GCN and thus learn localized behaviors like fiber cuts. We apply a DNN, GCN, and GWinN in practice to a testbed of 8 reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers and 22 amplifiers. Our procedure accurately estimates the OSNR with a prediction error mean and a standard deviation of (

−

0.02

d
B

, 0.35 dB) for a reference OSNR ranging from (16 dB) to (24 dB).
Passivation of degradation path enables high performance perovskite nanoplatelet lasers with high operational stability
Authors: Li Guohui , Pi Huihui , Wei Yanfu , Zhou Bolin , Gao Ya , Wen Rong , Hao Yuying , Zhang Han , Ong Beng S. , Cui Yanxia 
Published: April 2022

MAPbI

3

perovskite has attracted widespread interests for developing low-cost near infrared semiconductor gain media. However, it faces the instability issue under operation conditions, which remains a critical challenge. It is found that the instability of the

MAPbI

3

nanoplatelet laser comes from the thermal-induced degradation progressing from the surface defects towards neighboring regions. By using

PbI

2

passivation, the defect-initiated degradation is significantly suppressed and the nanoplatelet degrades in a layer-by-layer way, enabling the

MAPbI

3

laser to sustain for 4500 s (

2.7
×

10

7

pulses

), which is nearly three times longer than that of the nanoplatelet laser without passivation. Meanwhile, the

PbI

2

passivated

MAPbI

3

nanoplatelet laser with the nanoplatelet cavity displays a maximum quality factor up to

∼
7800

, the highest reported for all

MAPbI

3

nanoplatelet cavities. Furthermore, a high stability

MAPbI

3

nanoplatelet laser that can last for 8500 s (

5.1
×

10

7

pulses

) is demonstrated based on a dual passivation strategy, by retarding the defect-initiated degradation and surface-initiated degradation simultaneously. This work provides in-depth insights for understanding the operating degradation of perovskite lasers, and the dual passivation strategy paves the way for developing high stability near infrared semiconductor laser media.
Fully integrated hybrid microwave photonic receiver
Authors: Li Jiachen , Yang Sigang , Chen Hongwei , Wang Xingjun , Chen Minghua , Zou Weiwen 
Published: April 2022

Microwave photonic receivers are a promising candidate in breaking the bandwidth limitation of traditional radio-frequency (RF) receivers. To further balance the performance superiority with the requirements regarding size, weight, and power consumption (SWaP), the implementation of integrated microwave photonic microsystems has been considered an upgrade path. However, up to now, to the best of our knowledge, chip-scale fully integrated microwave photonic receivers have not been reported due to the limitation of material platforms. In this paper, we report a fully integrated hybrid microwave photonic receiver (FIH-MWPR) obtained by comprising the indium phosphide (InP) laser chip and the monolithic silicon-on-insulator (SOI) photonic circuit into the same substrate based on the low-coupling-loss micro-optics method. Benefiting from the integration of all optoelectronic components, the packaged FIH-MWPR exhibits a compact volume of

6

cm

3

and low power consumption of 1.2 W. The FIH-MWPR supports a wide operation bandwidth from 2 to 18 GHz. Furthermore, its RF-link performance to down-convert the RF signals to the intermediate frequency is experimentally characterized by measuring the link gain, the noise figure, and the spurious-free dynamic range metrics across the whole operation frequency band. Moreover, we have utilized it as a de-chirp receiver to process the broadband linear frequency-modulated (LFM) radar echo signals at different frequency bands (S-, C-, X-, and Ku-bands) and successfully demonstrated its high-resolution-ranging capability. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first realization of a chip-scale broadband fully integrated microwave photonic receiver, which is expected to be an important step in demonstrating the feasibility of all-integrated microwave photonic microsystems oriented to miniaturized application scenarios.
Digitalisierung: Welche Rolle spielen CIOs heute und in Zukunft?
Authors: Brenner Walter , Brenner Barbara 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungViele CIOs (Chief Information Officer) in Unternehmen haben in der Pandemie einen hervorragenden Job gemacht. In der Zeit nach der Pandemie gilt es, diesen „Rückenwind“ und die Position des CIO neu zu definieren. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden fünf CIOs, Hanna Hennig von der Siemens AG, Andreas Maier von der AXA Schweiz, Michael Müller-Wünsch von OTTO, Rolf Olmesdahl, ehemals Raiffeisen Schweiz, Ursula Soritsch-Renier von Saint-Gobain Paris, und ein Executive-Search-Spezialist, Patrick Naef, Boyden AG, gefragt wie sie die Zukunft des CIO sehen. Alle sechs Persönlichkeiten, die an dem Dialog teilnahmen, sind übereinstimmend der Meinung, dass es auch noch 2030 CIOs geben wird und sie auf der einen Seite verstärkt Treiber der digitalen Transformation in ihrem Unternehmen sein sollten und sie auf der anderen Seite nach wie vor Verantwortung für das Funktionieren der digitalen Infrastruktur tragen.
Anti-inflammatory function of apolipoprotein B-depleted plasma is impaired in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Sarmadi Negar , Poustchi Hossein , Ali Yari Fatemeh , Radmard Amir Reza , Karami Sara , Pakdel Abbas , Shabani Parisa , Khaleghian Ali 
Published: April 2022

Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. HDL exerts various protective functions on the cardiovascular system including anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing adhesion molecules expression in inflammation-induced endothelial cells. This study was designed to search if the anti-inflammatory capacity of apolipoprotein B-depleted plasma (apoB-depleted plasma) is altered in NAFLD patients.

Methods
A total of 83 subjects including 42 NAFLD and 41 control subjects were included in this cross-sectional study. Anti-inflammatory function of HDL was determined as the ability of apoB-depleted plasma to inhibit tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced expression of adhesion molecules in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

Results
Incubation of inflammation-stimulated HUVECs with the NAFLD patients’ apo-B depleted plasma led to higher levels of expression of adhesion molecules compared to the control subjects’ plasma samples, reflecting an impaired anti-inflammatory capacity of apoB-depleted plasma in the NAFLD patients. Impaired anti-inflammatory capacity of apoB-depleted plasma was correlated with fatty liver and obesity indices. After adjustment with obesity indices, the association of anti-inflammatory capacity of apoB-depleted plasma with NAFLD remained significant.

Conclusion
Impaired anti-inflammatory activity of apoB-depleted plasma was independently associated with NAFLD.
Strategic Implementation on the Lean Management Approach in Human Resource Practices
Authors: Al-Mahrooqi Nusaiba 
Published: April 2022

At present, the competitive advantage is an important basis for the organization to achieve main objective. The global economic environment and results also provides opportunity in implementing a successful strategy, which affects their survival in the market, whether in local or global market. The aim of this study is to investigate the effective strategies to improve the services of different operations in the Human Resource by using lean management approach. The problems identified in this study are mainly on the bottlenecks, minimizing the waste activities and how to add value to the services. The study has identified the success factors that could help the human resource department to improve the operation and digital transformation.
The main findings of the research will address the wastages in the HR processes. The outcome of this study was based on the literature that implemented the KPI, which witnessed the effect of success with strategic implementation of lean management. Ultimately, this study argues for the creation of an “umbrella” software related to HR process for further improvisations. There’s also recommendation to identify a staff from the team who possesses leadership characteristics in effectively implementing lean management.