bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital pair-matching of iliac bones: pilot study on a three-dimensional approach with models acquired through stereophotogrammetry
Authors: Palamenghi Andrea , Mazzarelli Debora , Cappella Annalisa , De Angelis Danilo , Sforza Chiarella , Cattaneo Cristina , Gibelli Daniele 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) pair-matching has brought about an innovative approach for the analysis of commingled skeletal remains, and it has been tested on bone models acquired through CT and laser scans. Here, 3D models of 40 innominate bones (20 left and 20 right) of 20 documented male individuals from a cemeterial skeletal collection were acquired through a stereophotogrammetric device (VECTRA M3, Canfield Scientific, Inc.). The ventral iliac surface was chosen as the anatomical region of interest (ROI) for the analysis. Each left ROI was mirrored and superimposed on the matching right ROI (contralateral element from the same individual) and mismatching ROIs (contralateral elements from different individuals). The point-to-point distance between models was calculated through the Vectra Analysis Module (VAM) software and the root mean square (RMS) point-to-point distance value was used to evaluate the sorting performance of the method, in terms of sensitivity and specificity rates. Differences in RMS between matches and mismatches were investigated through a Student’s t test (p < 0.05). The state of preservation of the remains was assessed following an index of anatomical completeness and differences in RMS distances of true matches according to different anatomical completeness were assessed through the Mann–Whitney test (p < 0.05). RMS point-to-point distances of matches and mismatches were significantly different (p < 0.01), being the matches lower than mismatches. The RMS threshold of 2.9 mm identified all the true pairs; the test was 100% sensitive and 51% specific. The RMS of matches with a better state of preservation are significantly lower than the less preserved matches (p < 0.05). In general, a low RMS distance value may indicate a true match, being it to be further verified. The 3D approach for sorting innominate bones provides a valid screening test that could complete subjective and osteometric methods with numerical evidence of the match. Preliminary data suggest a possible relation between RMS distance values and taphonomic condition, which would benefit from further research.
Propensity score matching analysis comparing outcomes between primary and revision Roux-en-Y gastric bypass after adjustable gastric banding: a retrospective record-based cohort study
Authors: Hany Mohamed , Sayed Iman El , Zidan Ahmed , Ibrahim Mohamed , Agayby Ann Samy Shafiq , Torensma Bart 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
One-stage revision Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RRYGB) after Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is widely adopted, but its safety is still debated.

Objective
This study aimed to compare outcomes between primary Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (PRYGB and RRYGB after LAGB.

Method
A retrospective record-based cohort study of patients who underwent PRYGB and RRYGB for failed LAGB and completed at least 2 years of follow-up from 2008 to 2019. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was conducted to obtain a balanced sample of patients with RRYGB and PRYGB interventions by adjusting for baseline covariates including age and sex.

Results
Patients with PRYGB (n = 558) and RRYGB (n = 156) were included. PSM identified 98 patients for RRYGB and 98 patients for PRYGB. Both cohorts exhibited significant reductions in BMI compared to baseline values (p < 0.001), but reductions were significantly higher in PRYGB compared to those in RRGYB at 6 months (− 10.55 ± 8.54 vs. − 8.38 ± 5.07; p = 0.032), 1-year (− 21.50 ± 8.19 vs. 16.14 ± 6.93; p < 0.001), and 2 years (− 24.02 ± 7.85 vs. − 18.93 ± 6.80; p < 0.001), respectively. A significant improvement in food tolerance from the 1st to the 2nd year was seen after RYGB (p < 0.001). The rates of early and late complications were similar in both cohorts (p = 0.537, p = 1.00). Overall re-intervention rates were 5.1 and 3.1% for RRYGB and PRYGB p = 0.721). Both cohorts exhibited significant improvement in comorbidities after 2 years (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
One-stage RRYGB for failed LAGB is safe and effective with comparable rates of complications, re-interventions, and resolution of associated comorbid conditions compared to PRYGB.
Josef Popper – oder: Als vor 140 Jahren eine Vision zur Realität wurde
Authors: Kern Thomas 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Österreicher Josef Popper (1838–1921) war zweifelsohne seiner Zeit voraus. Er brachte 1862 eine Vision zu Papier, welche er erst 20 Jahre später in der „Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften“ veröffentlichen ließ. Just im Veröffentlichungsjahr sollten alle drei wesentlichen Aspekte seiner Vision innerhalb eines Monats in drei voneinander unabhängigen und getrennten Projekten Wirklichkeit werden. Vor 140 Jahren – im September 1882 – erfolgte die Realisierung

der ersten öffentlichen Stromversorgung in New York (USA),

der ersten Fernübertragung elektrischer Energie von Miesbach nach München (DEU) und

der ersten öffentlichen Stromgewinnung aus Wasserkraft in Wisconsin (USA).
On the relation between the fields of Networked Music Performances, Ubiquitous Music, and Internet of Musical Things
Authors: Turchet Luca , Rottondi Cristina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the past two decades, we have witnessed the diffusion of an increasing number of technologies, products, and applications at the intersection of music and networking. As a result of the growing attention devoted by academy and industry to this area, three main research fields have emerged and progressively consolidated: the Networked Music Performances, Ubiquitous Music, and the Internet of Musical Things. Based on the review of the most relevant works in these fields, this paper attempts to delineate their differences and commonalities. The aim of this inquiry is helping avoid confusion between such fields and achieve a correct use of the terminology. A trend towards the convergence between such fields has already been identified, and it is plausible to expect that in the future their evolution will lead to a progressive blurring of the boundaries identified today.
Effects of short-term hypercaloric nutrition on orthostatic tolerance in healthy individuals: a randomized controlled crossover study
Authors: De Gioannis Riccardo , Ewald Ann C. , Gerlach Darius A. , Heusser Karsten , Hoffmann Fabian , Frings-Meuthen Petra , Heer Martina , Tank Jens , Jordan Jens 
Published: October 2022

AbstractReduced-caloric intake lowers blood pressure through sympathetic inhibition, and worsens orthostatic tolerance within days. Conversely, hypercaloric nutrition augments sympathetic activity and blood pressure. Because dietary interventions could be applied in patients with syncope, we tested the hypothesis that short-term hypercaloric dieting improves orthostatic tolerance. In a randomized crossover trial, 20 healthy individuals (7 women, 26.7 ± 8 years, 22.6 ± 2 kg/m2) followed a 4-day hypercaloric (25% increase of energy intake by fat) or normocaloric nutritional plan, with a washout period of at least 23 days between interventions. We then performed head-up tilt table testing with incremental lower body negative pressure while recording beat-by-beat blood pressure and heart rate. The primary endpoint was orthostatic tolerance defined as time to presyncope. Time to presyncope during combined head-up tilt and lower body negative pressure did not differ between hypercaloric and normocaloric dieting (median 23.19 versus 23.04 min, ratio of median 1.01, 95% CI of ratio 0.5–1.9). Heart rate, blood pressure, heart rate variability, and blood pressure variability in the supine position and during orthostatic testing did not differ between interventions. We conclude that 4 days of moderate hypercaloric nutrition does not significantly improve orthostatic tolerance in healthy individuals. Nevertheless, given the important interaction between energy balance and cardiovascular autonomic control in the brain, caloric intake deserves more attention as a potential contributor and treatment target for orthostatic intolerance.
Development of an Early Fire Detection Technique Using a Passive Infrared Sensor and Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Xavier Karish Leo Britto Leo , Nanayakkara Visakha K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEarly detection of fire is key to mitigate fire related damages. This paper presents a differential pyro-electric infrared (PIR) sensor and deep neural networks (DNNs) based method to detect fire in real-time. Since the PIR sensor is sensitive to sudden body motions and emits a continuous time-varying signal, experiments are carried out to collect human and fire motions using a PIR sensor. These signals are processed using one-dimensional continuous wavelet transform to perform feature extraction. The corresponding wavelet coefficients are converted into RGB spectrum images that are then used as inputs for a deep convolutional neural network. Various pre-trained DNN architectures are adopted to train and identify the collected data for background (no motion), human motion, and fire categories: small quasi-static and spreading fires. Experimental results show that the ShuffleNet architecture yields the highest prediction accuracy of 87.8%. Experimental results for the real-time strategy which works at a speed of 12 frames-per-second show 95.34% and 92.39% fire and human motion detection accuracy levels respectively.
Combined internal resonances at crossover of slacked micromachined resonators
Authors: Hajjaj Amal Z. , Ruzziconi Laura , Alfosail Feras , Theodossiades Stephanos 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe dynamics of micro-/nanoelectromechanical systems (M/NEMS) curved beams have been thoroughly investigated in the literature, commonly for curved arch beams actuated with electrodes facing their concave surface. Except for few works on slacked carbon nanotubes, the literature lacks a deep understanding of the dynamics of slacked curved resonators, where the electrode is placed in front of the convex beam surface. This paper investigates the dynamics of slacked curved resonators as experiencing combined internal resonances. The curved slacked resonator is excited using an antisymmetric partial electrode while the electrostatic voltage load is driven to elevated excitations, which breaks the symmetry of the system and affects natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes. The axial load is tuned to monitor the ratios between the natural frequencies of different vibration modes, which induces simultaneous 1:1 and 2:1 internal resonances between the first and second mode with the third. We observe the interaction of hardening and softening bending of the fundamental backbone curves triggering various patterns of the response scenario and the appearance of coexisting regions of irregular dynamics.
Psychometric Assessment and Gender Invariance of the Polish Version of the Gaming Disorder Test
Authors: Cudo Andrzej , Montag Christian , Pontes Halley M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn 2019, Gaming Disorder (GD) was officially recognised by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an official mental health disorder. Currently, the Gaming Disorder Test (GDT) is one of the most widely utilised psychometric tools to assess GD symptoms according to the WHO framework. In this context, the present study aimed to develop the Polish version of the GDT so that this tool can be used within the Polish cultural context. Additionally, the research aimed to ascertain the psychometric properties and appropriateness of the Polish GDT. To achieve this goal, the Polish GDT was investigated in terms of its validity, reliability, and gender measurement invariance through two studies. Accordingly, study 1 recruited a total of 675 gamers (340 female; Meanage = 31.74 years; SD = 7.75 years; range: 15–45 years) and study 2 comprised 575 gamers (275 female; Mage = 29.45 years; SD = 4.25 years; range: 18–35 years). A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to assess psychometric properties of the Polish GDT. The reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, McDonald’s omega, and Average Variance Extracted. Gender measurement invariance was investigated using multiple-group CFA, and the unidimensionality was tested using mean of item residual absolute loadings (MIREAL), explained common variance (ECV), and unidimensional congruence (UC). The results of the psychometric analysis showed that the Polish GDT had a one-factor structure. Additionally, the present study demonstrated that the Polish GDT exhibited adequate levels of convergent validity, reliability, and strict gender measurement invariance. These findings suggest that the Polish version of GDT is a suitable psychometric test to assess GD and facilitate research on GD.
Numerical Study of Gas Flow and Temperature Patterns in the Blast Furnace Throat
Authors: Mondal Debanga Nandan , Liu Weiqiang , Bartusch Hauke , Kaymak Yalcin , Paananen Timo , Mattila Olli , Saxén Henrik 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The gas distribution in the shaft is of key importance for the performance of the blast furnace process, since it affects the way in which the burden is heated and reduced, and also the pressure drop in the shaft and cohesive zone. Traditionally, the gas distribution is followed by gas temperature measurements at several points over the radius or diagonal by the above-burden probes, but novel acoustic techniques can estimate the gas temperature over the full cross section of the throat. A fundamental problem is that the gas is redistributed in the upper bed and above it, so the measured profile may no longer reflect the conditions in the shaft. This paper studies the gas redistribution by a CFD model of the throat region, neglecting heat transfer to the bed and walls. It is demonstrated that strong redistribution and downward-swirling flows may occur, which affect the measurements. The arising conditions under different assumptions of the bed state are studied, and the dynamics of the changes are also briefly analyzed. A comparison of the findings of the computational model with acoustic measurements of the gas temperatures in the throat of two industrial blast furnaces reveals a good resemblance. The results of the study sheds light on the complex flow conditions of the gas in the blast furnace throat region and can be used to interpret information from measuring devices and to study how their positioning affects the measurements.
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass
Authors: Novljan Urška , Pintar Tadeja 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is defined as an excessive growth and/or changed composition of bacteria in the small bowel. Obese patients are at increased risk of SIBO and related complications. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence of SIBO after bariatric bypass procedures, connection between SIBO, symptoms, comorbidities, and liver pathology.

Methods
Patients underwent a hydrogen breath test with glucose substrate (25 g/200 ml of water). The demographic, anthropometric data, comorbidities, and symptoms were analysed with a questionnaire. In 45 patients, the NAFLD Activity Score was evaluated in liver biopsies.

Results
Glucose breath test was positive in 24/56 (43%) of patients and was associated with higher frequency of defecation (p = 0.022), lactose intolerance (p = 0.047), scleroderma (p = 0.042), irritable bowel syndrome (p = 0.018), and diabetes (p = 0.002). Mean NAFLD Activity Score in SIBO patients (n = 18) was 3.33 and 3.00 in non-SIBO patients (n = 27). In SIBO-positive cohort of patients, a statistically important trend in difference between NAS and difference to range value anti-Xa 4 h after subtherapeutic dose application was calculated.

Conclusions
The incidence of SIBO after bariatric surgery bypass procedures is alarmingly high (43%). The results of our study conclude that diagnosis cannot be set based on specific symptom and SIBO is related to reduced response to the application of LMWH. Mandatory SIBO screening and appropriate treatment would affect the clinical outcome of the underlying disease, improve it significantly, and prevent the development of its complications.

Graphical abstract
The Role of Autophagy in Childhood Central Nervous System Tumors
Authors: Wang Yafeng , Xu Yiran , Zhu Changlian 
Published: October 2022

Opinion statementAutophagy is a physiological process that occurs in normal tissues. Under external environmental pressure or internal environmental changes, cells can digest part of their contents through autophagy in order to reduce metabolic pressure or remove damaged organelles. In cancer, autophagy plays a paradoxical role, acting as a tumor suppressor—by removing damaged organelles and inhibiting inflammation or by promoting genome stability and the tumor-adaptive responses—as a pro-survival mechanism to protect cells from stress. In this article, we review the autophagy-dependent mechanisms driving childhood central nervous system tumor cell death, malignancy invasion, chemosensitivity, and radiosensitivity. Autophagy inhibitors and inducers have been developed, and encouraging results have been achieved in autophagy modulation, suggesting that these might be potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors.
Optimization of Drug Therapy for Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction Based on Gender
Authors: Iacoviello Massimo , Pugliese Rosanna , Correale Michele , Brunetti Natale Daniele 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Over the last decades, several classes of drugs have been introduced for the treatment of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Their use has been supported by randomized controlled trials that have demonstrated improved patient outcomes. However, these trials enrolled a small number of female patients and sometimes have reported gender-related differences regarding the efficacy of the treatments. The aim of this review is to revise the available data about the influence of gender on the optimal treatment and drug dose in patients with HFrEF.

Recent Findings
Several gender-related differences in terms of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of the drugs have been described. These characteristics could be responsible for a different response and tolerability in men and women also when current recommended treatment of HFrEF is considered. Some studies have shown that, in women, lower doses of beta-blockers and inhibitors of renin angiotensin aldosterone system could be equally effective than higher doses in men, whereas sacubitril/valsartan could exert its favorable effect at greater values of left ventricular ejection fraction.

Summary
Although there is evidence about differences in the response to treatment of HFrEF in men and women, this has not been sufficient for differentiating current recommended therapy. Further studies should better clarify if the treatment of HFrEF should be based also on the patients’ gender.
T cell Repertoire Profiling and the Mechanism by which HLA-B27 Causes Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Garrido-Mesa Jose , Brown Matthew A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurpose of ReviewAnkylosing spondylitis (AS) is strongly associated with the HLA-B27 gene. The canonical function of HLA-B27 is to present antigenic peptides to CD8 lymphocytes, leading to adaptive immune responses. The ‘arthritogenic peptide’ theory as to the mechanism by which HLA-B27 induces ankylosing spondylitis proposes that HLA-B27 presents peptides derived from exogenous sources such as bacteria to CD8 lymphocytes, which subsequently cross-react with antigens at the site of inflammation of the disease, causing inflammation. This review describes findings of studies in AS involving profiling of T cell expansions and discusses future research opportunities based on these findings.Recent FindingsConsistent with this theory, there is an expanding body of data showing that expansion of a restricted pool of CD8 lymphocytes is found in most AS patients yet only in a small proportion of healthy HLA-B27 carriers.SummaryThese exciting findings strongly support the theory that AS is driven by presentation of antigenic peptides to the adaptive immune system by HLA-B27. They point to new potential approaches to identify the exogenous and endogenous antigens involved and to potential therapies for the disease.
The Cognitive Basis of the Conditional Probability Solution to the Value Problem for Reliabilism
Authors: Olsson Erik J. , Tjøstheim Trond A. , Stephens Andreas , Schwaninger Arthur , Roszko Maximilian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe value problem for knowledge is the problem of explaining why knowledge is more valuable than mere true belief. The problem arises for reliabilism in particular, i.e., the externalist view that knowledge amounts to reliably acquired true belief. Goldman and Olsson argue that knowledge, in this sense, is more valuable than mere true belief due to the higher likelihood of future true beliefs (produced by the same reliable process) in the case of knowledge. They maintain that their solution works given four empirical assumptions, which they claim hold “normally.” However, they do not show that their assumptions are externalistically acceptable; nor do they provide detailed evidence for their normality claim. We address these remaining gaps in Goldman and Olsson’s solution in a constructive spirit. In particular, we suggest an externalist interpretation of the assumptions such that they essentially spell out what it means for a broad range of organisms capable of belief-like representations to be epistemically adapted to their environment. Our investigation also sheds light on the circumstances in which the assumptions fail to hold and knowledge therefore fails to have extra value in Goldman and Olsson’s sense. The upshot is a deeper understanding of their solution as a contribution to naturalized epistemology and a strengthened case for its empirical validity.
Narcissism, national narcissism, COVID-19 conspiracy belief, and social media use as predictors of compliance with COVID-19 public health guidelines
Authors: Vaal Stein , Schofield Malcolm B. , Baker Ian S. , Roberts Ben L.H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUnderstanding health belief models, and the variables that influence adherence to public health measures imposed by local governments and international health bodies, is crucial to slowing down the spread of the virus that causes COVID-19. Conspiracy theories about the virus have quickly spread on social media and have been linked to reluctance to comply with COVID-19 regulations. Personality traits such as narcissism and collective national narcissism have also been associated with the way we perceive severity and susceptibility to the disease. To examine this further, participants (N = 183) completed an online questionnaire measuring belief in COVID-19 conspiracies, trait narcissism, national narcissism, and social media usage. A model containing these variables was able to significantly predict adherence to COVID-19 preventative health behaviours, with higher levels of COVID-19 conspiracy belief, narcissism, and social media usage all contributing to reduced adherence to recommended COVID-19 health behaviours. The findings suggest conspiracy beliefs, narcissism, and social media play a key role in adherence to behaviours orientated towards stopping the spread of COVID-19. Governments and social media companies need to demonstrate greater awareness of the negative effects of conspiracy theories spread through social media, in addition to awareness of how these effects may be greater in more narcissistic individuals.