bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Which is better? Comparing the efficiency and information accuracy of pre-hospital emergency medical services (PEMS) dispatch in two call modes in Sichuan Province, China: a retrospective study
Authors: luo zhenyu , Liu Sihui , Li Yunying , Yang Linhe , Zhong Shuyan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
China's PEMS system was established in the 1980s. Due to economic and resource inequalities, China's PEMS system does not have a uniform mode, and regions developed their models based on their circumstances, incorporating North America’s and Europe’s experiences. In the Sichuan PEMS model, when someone calls "120" for a pre-hospital emergency, he/she will first access the Medical Emergency Center, a dispatcher will record the incident information and makes a preliminary judgment, then that information and the judgment will be forwarded to a nearby general hospital, which will send an ambulance staffed by medical workers to provide PEMS. Instead, some people prefer to call hospitals directly for pre-hospital emergencies and communicate directly with medical staff. Which call mode is better has long been a point of contention.
Methods
This retrospective study included a total of 496 PEMS within 8 km of the participating hospital between 2020 and 2021. Cases that called the Emergency Medical Center dispatcher were classified as "referral group" (n = 318) and cases that called the hospital and communicated directly with medical personnel were classified as "direct group" (n = 178), and appropriate metrics were selected to measure efficiency and information accuracy
Results
There was no significant difference in the efficiency of PEMS between the two groups, but there was a notable difference in the information accuracy between the two groups on all indicators
Conclusion
Compared with calling ‘120’, direct PEMS calls to general hospitals have obvious advantages in terms of information accuracy. Perhaps the Emergency Medical Center in Sichuan could try to reform as a supervisory agency for PEMS instead of a dispatch agency or adopt the Shenzhen EMS model where the Emergency Medical Center, after receiving a call for help, transfers the call to the appropriate hospital based on the caller's location and situation, allowing the caller to communicate directly with medical personnel.
Beachrocks of the last low sea level, substrate of the barrier reef system along the outer Guiana shelf
Authors: Giresse Pierre , Loncke Lies , Heuret Arnauld , Longueville François , Casanova Alexandre , Sadaoui Mahrez 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

The Great Amazon Reef System is a living biogenic mesophotic reef ecosystem that has been recently described along the shelf break of Brazil. An exploration mission was carried out in 2019 along the outer edge of the French Guiana Shelf. A side-scan sonar survey was conducted to locate reef outcrops and allowed twelve in situ 80 to 120 m depth dives and sampling of the reef rocks and peripheral sands. The majority of the hard-rocks are composed of biological concretions. However several fragments revealed the inside presence of sandstone clasts. These clasts, more or less enveloped by biogenic coatings, probably represent destroyed clasts of underlying or neighboring beachrock banks. Their dominant cement is micritic (high-magnesian calcite); the intergranular or extragranular porous field was later filled with low-magnesian sparry calcite. The sand or gravel that accumulated near the barrier mainly consist of the blunt debris of coastal fauna and flora associated with different carbonate or ferruginous neoformed ooids. At 104 m depth, ooids extracted from Dive 11 samples dated from the start of MIS2 (27,370 cal yr BP) and attest to the presence of a significant coastal accumulation. At this same site, cementing did not take place until about 3,500 years later (23,990 cal yr BP). The cement of a nearby beachrock indicates a much more recent age (16,170 cal yr BP). Lastly, the age of 4,100 year BP measured on the barnacles attached to the top of the reef attests to the late Holocene reef's biological activity.
Moving the corpse to hide the evidence: horizontal as well as vertical movement is important when burying beetles cache a carcass
Authors: Trumbo Stephen T. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Being the first to discover a resource can provide a competitive advantage (priority effect), even for an animal that is inferior in aggressive contests. Nicrophorus spp. (burying beetles) are known for caching a small vertebrate carcass as provision for their young, reducing volatile cues available to rivals by burying the carcass (vertical movement) and by altering the microbial community. A decomposing carcass, however, can leave cues (residues of decay) on soil and leaf litter that a burying beetle has less opportunity to neutralize. I investigated whether horizontal movement of the carcass by burying beetles, separating the carcass from soil at the site of death, might reduce competition from congeners. When carcasses were placed in the field along with soil of decay, akin to no horizontal displacement, carcasses were discovered within 24 h by free-flying competitors more frequently (58.2%) than when the carcass was placed 1 m from treated soil (8.3%). In a second experiment, carcasses were more likely to be discovered by burying beetles when a chemical attractant (methyl thiocyanate) was placed near a carcass (0.05 and 0.25 m) than when it was placed more distant (1 and 5 m) or for controls (no attractant). The age of the carcass had no effect on discovery. The results suggest that horizontal displacement of a carcass after discovery serves not only to locate a suitable spot for burial but also to reduce information available to rivals searching for the resource.
Prevotella histicola suppresses ferroptosis to mitigate ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesion in mice
Authors: Wang Sisi , Wu Du , Wu Fangquan , Sun Hongxia , Wang Xinyu , Meng Hongbing , Lin Qingqing , Jin Keke , Wang Fangyan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Ethanol-inducedgastric mucosal lesion (EGML) is one of the most common digestivedisorderswith the limited outcomes of current therapies in clinic. P. histicola was shown probiotic efficacy against arthritis, multiple sclerosis and estrogen deficiency-induced depression in mice, but the role of P. histicola in ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesion remains unclear despite of its high colonization in stomach. Ferroptosis characterized by lipids peroxidation may be involved in EGML. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanism of P. histicola on EGML in the ferroptosis dependent pathway.
Methods:P. histicolawas intragastrically treated for a week and deferoxamine (DFO), a ferroptosis inhibitor, was intraperitoneally injected prior to oral ethanol administration, respectively. The gastric mucosal lesion and ferroptosis were assessed by pathological examination, quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot and immunofluorescence.
Results: P. histicola was originally found to attenuate EGML by the reduced pathological changes and ROS accumulation. The proferroptotic genes of Transferrin Receptor (TFR1), Solute Carrier Family 39 Member 14 (SLC39A14), Heme Oxygenase-1 (HMOX-1), Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long-chain Family Member 4 (ACSL4), Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and mitochondrial Voltage-dependent Anion Channels (VDACs) were upregulated, but the anti-ferroptotic System Xc-/ Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4)axis was reduced after ethanol administration, which was reversed by DFO. Furthermore, P. histicola treatment significantly downregulated the expression of ACSL4, HMOX-1 and COX-2, as well as TFR1 and SLC39A14 on mRNA or protein level, while activating System Xc-/GPX4 axis.
Conclusions: Our study found that P. histicola reduces ferroptosis to attenuate EGML by inhibiting the ACSL4- and VDAC- dependent pro-ferroptotic pathways, and activating anti-ferroptotic System Xc-/GPX4 axis.
Universals for coding action in motor cortical networks: conserved neural ensemble latent space geometry for reach and grasp tasks
Authors: Penido Isabella , Hynes Jacqueline , Donoghue John , Vargas-Irwin Carlos 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
For vertebrates, there is no one-to-one correspondence between the neurons in one subject and those in another, impeding direct cross-subject mapping. Neural computations occur in a subject-specific high dimensional system, but ensemble activity patterns during a behavior are often confined to a low dimensional neural latent space. In this study we provide a method to identify universal features of neural computation by using a normalized embedding alongside a geometric framework to compare neural latent spaces across time points and subjects. We found that neural ensemble activity converges to a common geometry in different non-human primates performing similar reaching or grasping behaviors. When trained on neural activity from different subjects, across subject decoding of behavior can match or exceed within subject decoding performance. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that cortical networks in different animals operate using conserved principles of neural computation when performing similar sensorimotor tasks. Further, these results have implications for understanding computational building blocks in brain networks and to improve the function, speed, and reliability of brain-computer interfaces that rely on accurate and repeatable neural decoding.
Effects of brimonidine tartrate 0.2% and 0.15% ophthalmic solution on the static and dynamic pupil characteristics
Authors: Yang Jing , Zhang Xiaodi , Zhong Mei , Bai Yanhui , Liu Wentao , Hu Jinge , Wang Weiqun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose:
To investigate the differences between 0.2% and 0.15% brimonidine tartrate eye drops for anti-mydriatic effects and the optical quality under different light conditions.
Methods
This prospective study involved 50 consecutive high myopia patients undergoing implantation of a V4c ICL. 0.2% brimonidine was administered into the right eye, and 0.15% brimonidine was administered into the left eye of the patients 1 month postoperatively. Visual quality (measured by optical quality analysis system), pupil center, pupil size and refraction under different light conditions were measured before and 0.5h after brimonidine administration. A symptom questionnaire was also evaluated.
Results
There was no statistical difference in the static and dynamic PD and velocity data after LS between the two groups (P>0.05). The 0.2% group had significant changes in pupil center before and after treatment, while there was no obvious movement of the pupil center of the 0.15% group under all illumination condition (P>0.05). The OSI after treatment of the 0.15% group was lower than that of 0.2% group (P=0.012). The PVA9% and PVA100% of the 0.15% group was higher than that of 0.2% group in the dark (P=0.009, P=0.012). The HOA RMS of the 0.15% group was lower than that of 0.2% group (P=0.016). The QIRC score in the 0.15% group was significantly higher than that in the 0.2% group (P=0.043).
Conclusion
0.15% and 0.2% brimonidine tartrate eye drops had similar anti-mydriatic ability, while 0.15% group had better visual quality than 0.2% concentration, and hardly introduced pupil shift. 0.15% brimonidine tartrate eye drops may be more suitable for patients with nocturnal glare symptoms in the early postoperative period after ICL implantation.
Clinical Application of intraoperative ultrasound Superb Microvascular Imaging in brain Tumors resections：Contribute to the achievement Total Tumoral Resection
Authors: Cai Siman , Xing Hao , Wang Yuekun , Wang Yu , Ma Wenbin , Jiang Yuxin , Li Jianchu , Wang Hongyan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background: To investigate whether intraoperative superb microvascular imaging technique is helpful in evaluating lesion boundaries compared with conventional gray-scale ultrasound in brain tumor surgery, and to explore factors that may be associated with complete radiographic resection.
Methods: A total of 57 consecutive brain tumor patients undergoing surgery were enrolled in this study. The boundaries of brain tumors were evaluated by B-mode and SMI ultrasound during the operation. MRI before and within 48 hours after surgery was used as the gold standard to evaluate GTR. The ultrasound findings and GTR results were analyzed to find out the imaging factors related to GTR.
Results: A total of 57 patients were enrolled in the study, including 32 males and 25 females with an average age of 53.4±14.1 years old(range, 19~80). According to the assessment criteria of MRI before and within 48 hours after operation, 37(63.9%) cases were classified as GTR, 20(35.1%) cases were classified as nGTR. In the comparison of tumor interface definition between B-mode and SMI mode, SMI improved HGG boundary recognition in 5 cases(P=0.033). The results showed that the tumor size≥5cm and unclear ultrasonic boundary were independent risk factors for nGTR (OR＞1, P＜0.05).
Conclusions: As an innovative intraoperative doppler technique in neurosurgery, SMI can make a good demarcation on the boundary of the tumor and help achieve GTR as much as possible.
How People Prioritize Health Issues During the COVID-19 Pandemic:
Evidence from Seven Developing Countries
Authors: Whittington Dale , Carson Richard , Hanemann Michael , Köhlin Gunnar , Adamowicz Wiktor , Sterner Thomas , Amuakwa-Mensah Franklin , Alpizar Francisco , Khossravi Emily , Jeuland Marc , Bonilla Jorge , Tan-Soo Jie-Sheng , Nam Pham , Ndiritu Simon , Wadehra Shivani , Chegere Martin , Visser Martine , Chukwuone Nnaemeka 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We provide estimates of health priorities during the COVID-19 pandemic based on web-surveys administered in seven developing countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America in 2022. Using the best-worst scaling method, respondents ranked the importance of seven health problems, including COVID-19 (the others were alcohol and drugs, HIV/AIDS, malaria, TB, other respiratory diseases, and water-borne diseases). Respondents in most countries considered COVID-19 a serious problem but ranked other respiratory illness as more serious. Respondents’ rankings were generally consistent with relative disease prevalence when it can be reasonably well measured (i.e., malaria and TB). Differences in priorities across countries were generally larger than within-country differences. The importance respondents assigned to COVID-19 was associated with their knowledge of COVID-19. These results have implications for the allocation of health resources: policymakers may face resistance if their actions are viewed as focusing too much on COVID-19 while neglecting other, potentially serious health problems.
Who are Prison Healthcare Service Users in Northwestern Ethiopia? And what factors are associated with use? A cross sectional study
Authors: Yesuf Yassin Mohammed , Birhan Amlaku Alemu , Birara Addisu Gedlu , Adimas Bewket Dereje , Bezabh Abebe Bahiru , Agmase Nega Gedefaw 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Studies on inmates’ Health Care Service (HCS) utilization are scarce and findings about the factors associated with HCS utilization are inconsistent. Studies over inmates’ use of HCS and associated factors are unavailable in Ethiopia. The present study, therefore, examined inmates’ HCS utilizations and associated factors in Northwestern Ethiopia.
Methods: The study employed institution-based cross sectional research design and data is collected using questionnaire from 422 inmates in three prisons. The questionnaire collects data about prisoners’ demography, imprisonment related information and HCS utilization. Descriptive statistical techniques as well as bivariate and multiple logistic regressions were used to analyse the data.
Results:The study found that 72.5%, 66.1% and 13.3% of the inmates, respectively, use medical services, guidance and counseling services and psychiatric services. Inmates with primary education (AOR=2.256, p<0.05, 95% CI= 1.155, 4.408), with secondary education (AOR= 1.955, p<0.05, 95% CI=1.012, 3.779), know the availability of the services (AOR=8.103, p<0.01, 95% CI= 4.405, 14.903) were more likely to use medical services. Inmates with accused status (AOR=.386, p<0.05, 95% CI= .183, .811) were less likely to use medical services than inmates with convict status. Divorced marital status (AOR= 7.015, p<0.05, 95% CI=1.524, 32.290) and knowledge of the service availability (AOR= 4.169, p<0.01, 95% CI=2.224, 7.817) are associated with high guidance and counseling service use. An increase in the length of stay in the prison is associated with a decrease in psychiatry service use (AOR= .455, p<0.01, 95% CI=.311, .665) while knowledge of service availability is associated with higher odds of psychiatry service use (AOR= 29.028, p<0.01, 95% CI= 12.363, 68.159).
Conclusions: There are high medical care service utilizations while low mental health care service utilizations in among inmates in Northwestern Ethiopia. Based on the results of the study, it can be recommended that there is a critical need for nationwide study to better understand inmates HCS utilization and immediate health care service promotion and education measures need to be in place.
Predictive value for advanced lung cancer inflammation index within short- /long-term outcomes of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after minimally invasive esophagectomy cases： a propensity score matching study
Authors: Xu Shao-jun , Chen Rui-qin , Chen Chao , You Cheng-xiong , Zhang Zhi-fan , Chen Shu-chen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) within esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) importance is unclear. We aimed to investigate whether ALI is linked to poor short-term outcomes and long-term prognosis within cases of ESCC after minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE).
Methods: Kaplan-Meier survival assessment was applied for comparing cancer-specific survival (CSS) across different cohorts. Clinicopathological features across the two cohorts were eliminated by propensity score matching (PSM). We established a new model for predicting CSS by combining ALI and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging according to Cox multivariate results. Time-dependent area under the curve (t-AUC) and decision curve analyses (DCA) evaluated predictive /clinical relevance capacities for this model.
Results: Severe postoperative complication manifestations within low ALI cohort were significantly elevated compared to within high ALI cohort (25.3% vs 16.7, P=0.01), nil variations were identified across both cohorts after PSM (25.3% vs 18.3%, P = 0.06). Both, within overall cohort and the matched cohort, low ALI only significantly reduced the 5-year CSS in locally advanced ESCC patients (all P < 0.05) relative to high ALI. Further analysis demonstrated that patients within high ALI cohort were at increased risk for adverse postoperative CSS in most clinicopathological subgroups. Cox multivariate analysis demonstrated that TNM staging and ALI were variables that independently influenced adverse CSS in both cohorts (P < 0.05). Therefore, a new prediction model was established by combining these two factors. The t-AUC and DCA demonstrated that this model had a more accurate prediction effect and better clinical use value than the TNM stage alone.
Conclusion: ALI proved to be an effective biological indicator of CSS after MIE in locally advanced ESCC patients. The combined application of the ALI and TNM model can thus improve the clinical prediction ability.
Isolated plasmacytoma of the sternal stalk: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Zhang You-Qiang , Yan Ling , Shen Yu-guang , Wang Guang , Zhang Lun-You 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground:Isolated plasmacytoma of bone is a malignant neoplasm of haematologic origin with a low incidence and a tendency to progress to multiple myeloma, and surgical treatment may improve patient survival.Case presentation:We review the case of a 77-year-old man with isolated plasmacytoma of the sternal stalk whose main symptom was pain in the anterior chest wall, which was severe and severely interfered with life. He was treated through extended radical resection of the sternal stalk tumour, including bilateral partial rib cartilage resection, bilateral clavicle head resection, cervical lymph node dissection, and thoracic reconstruction. He recovered well after surgery and was satisfied with the outcome.Conclusion:Extended radical sternoplasty and rib plate reconstruction in the thorax is an effective surgical method for the treatment of isolated plasmacytoma of the sternal stalk and can effectively relieve painful symptoms and improve quality of life; moreover, this approach may improve the survival rate of such patients.
Enterococcus faecalis ameliorates hyperuricemia and maintains the epithelium barrier in a hyperuricemia mouse model
Authors: Liu Xin , Han Chunhua , Lei Ke , Mao Tao , Yu Qian , Li Changgui , Ke Leyong , Wu Jie , Guo Yingjie , Zhang Wenqing , Tian Zibin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a major risk factor of gout and many other metabolic syndromes and shows a rapidly increasing incidence worldwide. Previous found that the gut microbiota and intestinal tract play important roles in the pathogenesis of HUA. However, most studies only revealed the association of gut microbiota and HUA without exploring the mechanistic causality, it remains unclear which gut microbiota play crucial roles in HUA.
Results
In the present study, we aimed to investigate key members of the gut microbiota in HUA and validate their effects on uric acid (UA) regulation. To this end, we deleted parts of the gut microbiota with antibiotics (NC-Ab group) and found that the abundance of Enterococcususwas significantly increased and the serum UA was significantly higher in antibiotic-fed mice (NC-Ab group) than no-antibiotic-fed mice (NC group). Subsequently, E. faecalis, the most important enterococcal species, was isolated and applied to HUA model mice for 2 weeks. We found E. faecalissupplementation could effectively alleviate HUA. Additional mechanistic investigation discovered that E. faecalis treatment could decrease the generation of UA and increase the excretion of UA through inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XO) activity and upregulating the expression of urate transporters (Abcg2, Glut9). Additionally, oral gavage with E. faecalis resulted in improvements in inflammation, restoration of impaired gut barrier, and amelioration of hepatic and renal function.
Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that E. faecalis plays a key role in regulating the UA balance and maintaining the intestinal barrier. E. faecalis could decrease UA level and protect gut barrier through inhibiting XO activity and increasing intestinal excretion. These findings may hold promise for developing intervention strategies for HUA.