bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recovery and utilization of phosphorus from fruit and vegetable wastewater
Authors: Qin Yu , Li Huili , Ma Shuanglong , Li Kai , Zhang Xiaohan , Hou Deyin , Zheng Xiaoxu , Wang Cong , Lyu Ping , Xu Shengjun , Zhang Wei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractExcessive discharge of phosphorus into the water bodies is the key factor to cause eutrophication. The fruit and vegetable wastewater contains large amounts of phosphorus, and it may be directly discharged into water bodies, which has a great burden on the municipal sewage pipe network. Therefore, coagulation was used to remove phosphorus, recovered the phosphorus from the wastewater into the precipitate, and then the precipitate was pyrolyzed as an efficient adsorbent for phosphate removal. By comparing the adsorption effects of adsorbents (XT-300, XT-400, and XT-500) with pyrolysis temperatures of 300 °C, 400 °C, and 500 °C on phosphate in actual phosphorus-containing wastewater and simulated phosphorus-containing wastewater at different adsorbent dosage (4 g/L, 7 g/L, and 10 g/L), it was found that XT-300 had the best performance of adsorption, and the adsorption of phosphate was endothermic and obeyed the Langmuir isotherms and Elovich kinetics. The influence of pH, coexisting anions, and the structure of XT-300 revealed that the removal of phosphate was associated with electrostatic attraction, pore filling, but could not be determined whether it was related to surface precipitation. This study provides a way and method for the recovery and utilization of phosphorus in fruit and vegetable wastewater and proves that the synthetic adsorbent was an efficient phosphorus adsorbent. In the long term, we can try to use the adsorbent after phosphorus adsorption to promote plant growth in agricultural systems.
Analysis of non-pharmaceutical interventions and their impacts on COVID-19 in Kerala
Authors: Goult Elizabeth , Sathyendranath Shubha , Kovač Žarko , Kong Christina Eunjin , Stipanović Petar , Abdulaziz Anas , Menon Nandini , George Grinson , Platt Trevor 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn the absence of an effective vaccine or drug therapy, non-pharmaceutical interventions are the only option for control of the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019, a pandemic with global implications. Each of the over 200 countries affected has followed its own path in dealing with the crisis, making it difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of measures implemented, either individually, or collectively. In this paper we analyse the case of the south Indian state of Kerala, which received much attention in the international media for its actions in containing the spread of the disease in the early months of the pandemic, but later succumbed to a second wave. We use a model to study the trajectory of the disease in the state during the first four months of the outbreak. We then use the model for a retrospective analysis of measures taken to combat the spread of the disease, to evaluate their impact. Because of the differences in the trajectory of the outbreak in Kerala, we argue that it is a model worthy of a place in the discussion on how the world might best handle this and other, future, pandemics.
The influence of different light spectra on physiological responses, antioxidant capacity and chemical compositions in two holy basil cultivars
Authors: Chutimanukul Panita , Wanichananan Praderm , Janta Supattana , Toojinda Theerayut , Darwell Clive Terence , Mosaleeyanon Kriengkrai 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLight-emitting diodes (LEDs) are an artificial light source used in indoor cultivation to influence plant growth, photosynthesis performance and secondary metabolite synthesis. Holy basil plants (Ocimum tenuiflorum) were cultivated under fully controlled environmental conditions with different red (R) and blue (B) light intensity ratios (3R:1B, 1R:1B and 1R:3B), along with combined green (G) LED (2R:1G:2B). The photosynthetic activities of both cultivars were maximal under 3R:1B. However, the highest fresh (FW) and dry (DW) weight values of green holy basil were recorded under 3R:1B and 2R:1G:2B, significantly higher than those under alternative light conditions. For red holy basil, the highest FW and DW were recorded under 1R:3B. Moreover, 2R:1G:2B treatment promoted pigment (chlorophyll and carotenoid) accumulation in green holy basil, while red holy basil was found to be rich in both pigments under 3R:1B. Antioxidant capacity was also influenced by light spectrum, resulting in greater total phenolic content (TPC) and DPPH accumulation in both cultivars under 1R:3B. The highest content of flavonoid in green holy basil was detected under 1R:1B; meanwhile, 1R:3B treatment significantly promoted flavonoid content in red holy basil. In addition, anthocyanin content increased in red holy basil under 1R:3B conditions. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) analysis of chemical composition showed higher proportional accumulation in Methyleugenol and Caryophyllene of two cultivars grown under all light spectrum ratios at two developmental stages. Overall, specific light spectrum ratios induced different chemical composition responses in each cultivar and at each developmental stage. These results suggest that 3R:1B was favorable for biomass accumulation and photosynthetic responses in green holy basil, while 1R:3B provided antioxidant accumulation. For red holy basil cultivation, 1R:3B provided optimal growing conditions, promoting improvements in plant biomass, and physiological and antioxidant capacities.
Influencing factors and reduction of domestic solid waste at university dormitory in Shanghai, China
Authors: Pan Yuhan , Li Mengyang , Guo Hongwei , Li Yuanyuan , Han Ji 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIncreasing domestic solid waste (DSW) is becoming one of the most serious challenges for city and regional environment. As an epitome of the society, the investigation on the influencing factors and reduction of DSW of university students can not only provide policy suggestions for the waste management in the university campus, but also can achieve demonstration effect to other communities due to its high social status and wide impacts. This research combined direct weighing, questionnaire surveys, and regression analysis to quantify the influencing factors of DSW at East China Normal University’s dormitory in Shanghai. Direct weighting and questionnaire survey were conducted in 112 randomly selected dormitory rooms. Totally 523 valid questionnaires were collected. It is found that the average waste generation was 0.275 kg/day/cap, in which residual waste accounted for 64% of total, followed by household food waste (29%), and recyclable waste (7%). Regressions based on ordinary least square method suggested that students’ attitude towards waste played the most important role in affecting the waste reduction with its elasticity − 0.195. Lower educational level and better financial condition would lead to more waste generation, whose elasticity was 0.148 and 0.098 respectively. The influences of gender and major varied from waste types. Policies implications for university administration departments for sustainable waste and resource management include developing personalized and humanized waste management policies, enhancing environmental awareness through diverse educational activities, and expanding the publicity role of campus cultural activities on waste reduction.
The prognostic value of m6A-related LncRNAs in patients with HNSCC: bioinformatics analysis of TCGA database
Authors: Zhou Liu-qing , Shen Jin-xiong , Zhou Jie-yu , Hu Yao , Xiao Hong-jun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractN6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications play an essential role in tumorigenesis. These modifications modulate RNAs, including mRNAs and lncRNAs. However, the prognostic role of m6A-related lncRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is poorly understood. Based on LASSO Cox regression, enrichment analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, a prognostic risk model, and consensus clustering analysis, we analyzed 12 m6A-related lncRNAs in HNSCC sample data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We found 12 m6A-related lncRNAs in the training cohort and validated them in all cohorts by Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses, revealing their independent prognostic value in HNSCC. Moreover, ROC analysis was conducted, confirming the strong predictive ability of this signature for HNSCC survival. GSEA and detailed immune infiltration analyses revealed specific pathways associated with m6A-related lncRNAs. In this study, a novel risk model including twelve genes (SAP30L-AS1, AC022098.1, LINC01475, AC090587.2, AC008115.3, AC015911.3, AL122035.2, AC010226.1, AL513190.1, ZNF32-AS1, AL035587.1 and AL031716.1) was built. It could accurately predict HNSCC outcomes and could provide new therapeutic targets for HNSCC patients.
Risk factors for radiation pneumonitis after rotating gantry intensity-modulated radiation therapy for lung cancer
Authors: Tatsuno Saori , Doi Hiroshi , Okada Wataru , Inoue Eri , Nakamatsu Kiyoshi , Tanooka Masao , Tanaka Masahiro , Nishimura Yasumasa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe risk factors for severe radiation pneumonitis (RP) in patients with lung cancer who undergo rotating gantry intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) or helical tomotherapy (HT) are poorly understood. Fifty-two patients who received rotating gantry IMRT for locally advanced lung cancer were included in this retrospective study. In total, 31 and 21 patients received VMAT and HT, respectively. The median follow-up duration was 14 months (range, 5.2–33.6). Twenty (38%) and eight (15%) patients developed grade ≥ 2 and ≥ 3 RP, respectively. In multivariate analysis, lung V5 ≥ 40% was associated with grade ≥ 2 RP (P = 0.02), and past medical history of pneumonectomy and total lung volume ≤ 3260 cc were independently associated with grade ≥ 3 RP (P = 0.02 and P = 0.03, respectively). Rotating gantry IMRT was feasible and safe in patients with lung cancer undergoing definitive radiotherapy. Reducing lung V5 may decrease the risk of symptomatic RP, and care should be taken to avoid severe RP after radiotherapy in patients with a past medical history of pneumonectomy and small total lung volume.
Integration of life cycle assessment and life cycle costing for the eco-design of rubber products
Authors: Dong Yahong , Zhao Yating , Wang Hong , Liu Peng , He Yan , Lin Guangyi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRubber hoses are a category of rubber products that are widely and intensively employed in construction sites for concrete conveying. There has been lack of study to investigate the life cycle environmental and economic impacts of the rubber hoses as an industrial product. In this study, we analyze four types of rubber hoses with the inner layer made of different rubber composites to resist abrasion, i.e., Baseline, S-I, S-II and S-III. Tests of the wear resistance are carried out in the laboratory and S-III shows high abrasion resisting performance with the concrete conveying volume up to 20,000 m3 during the service life. Life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle costing (LCC) models are established for evaluating the four types of rubber hoses. A target function is developed to integrate LCA and LCC by converting the LCA results to the environmental costs. It is found that S-III can save 13% total cost comparing to Baseline. The production stage is the largest contributor to the environmental single score, while the use stage is the largest contributor to the life cycle cost. Sensitivity analyses are conducted and the results of this study are validated with the previous studies. The integrated method of LCA and LCC developed in this study paves a way for the eco-design of industrial rubber hoses and is potentially applicable to other rubber products.
Biomarker candidates for progression and clinical management of COVID-19 associated pneumonia at time of admission
Authors: Calvet Joan , Berenguer-Llergo Antoni , Gay Marina , Massanella Marta , Domingo Pere , Llop Maria , Sánchez-Jiménez Ester , Arévalo Marta , Carrillo Jorge , Albiñana Néstor , Arauz-Garofalo Gianluca , Orellana Cristóbal , Delgado Juan Francisco , Serrano Alejandra , Llobell Artur , Graell Eduard , García-Manrique María , Moreno Mireia , Galisteo Carlos , Casado Enrique , Navarro Noemí , Gómez Antoni , Garcia-Cirera Silvia , Rusiñol Menna , Costa Ester , Clotet Bonaventura , Vilaseca Marta , Blanco Julià , Gratacós Jordi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCOVID-19 pathophysiology is currently not fully understood, reliable prognostic factors remain elusive, and few specific therapeutic strategies have been proposed. In this scenario, availability of biomarkers is a priority. MS-based Proteomics techniques were used to profile the proteome of 81 plasma samples extracted in four consecutive days from 23 hospitalized COVID-19 associated pneumonia patients. Samples from 10 subjects that reached a critical condition during their hospital stay and 10 matched non-severe controls were drawn before the administration of any COVID-19 specific treatment and used to identify potential biomarkers of COVID-19 prognosis. Additionally, we compared the proteome of five patients before and after glucocorticoids and tocilizumab treatment, to assess the changes induced by the therapy on our selected candidates. Forty-two proteins were differentially expressed between patients' evolution groups at 10% FDR. Twelve proteins showed lower levels in critical patients (fold-changes 1.20–3.58), of which OAS3 and COG5 found their expression increased after COVID-19 specific therapy. Most of the 30 proteins over-expressed in critical patients (fold-changes 1.17–4.43) were linked to inflammation, coagulation, lipids metabolism, complement or immunoglobulins, and a third of them decreased their expression after treatment. We propose a set of candidate proteins for biomarkers of COVID-19 prognosis at the time of hospital admission. The study design employed is distinctive from previous works and aimed to optimize the chances of the candidates to be validated in confirmatory studies and, eventually, to play a useful role in the clinical practice.
Origin of nonlinear force distributions in a composite system
Authors: Tamura Yuto , Tani Marie , Kurita Rei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractComposite materials have been actively developed in recent years because they are highly functional such as lightweight, high yield strength, and superior load response. In spite of importance of the composite materials, mechanisms of the mechanical responses of composites have been unrevealed. Here, in order to understand the mechanical responses of composites, we investigated the origin and nature of the force distribution in heterogeneous materials using a soft particle model. We arranged particles with different softness in a lamellar structure and then we applied homogeneous pressure to the top surface of the system. It is found that the density in each region differently changes and then the density difference induces a nonlinear force distribution. In addition, it is found that the attractive interaction suppresses the density difference and then the force distribution is close to the theoretical prediction. Those findings may lead material designs for functional composite materials.
Closure times of neurocranial sutures and synchondroses in Persian compared to Domestic Shorthair cats
Authors: Schmidt Martin J. , Farke Daniela , Staszyk Carsten , Lang Antonia , Büttner Kathrin , Plendl Johanna , Kampschulte Marian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHuman-directed selective breeding has modified the phenotype of the modern Persian cat towards an extreme brachycephalic phenotype (‘peke-face’ Persian), which originates from a spontaneous mutation that first appeared in the 1950s in traditional Persian types. It was suggested that the peke-face phenotype results from pathologic skull development and might represent a craniosynostosis of the coronal sutures. We followed this hypothesis and investigated the time dependent status of the neurocranial sutures and synchondroses in an ontogenetic series of doll-faced and peke-faced Persian cats compared to Domestic Shorthair cats (DSHs). Cranial suture closure was assessed by examining an ontogenetic series of formalin-fixed head specimens (n = 55) and dry skulls (n = 32) using micro-computed tomography. Sagittal, metopic, coronal and lambdoid sutures as well as intersphenoidal, spheno-occipital and spheno-ethmoid synchondroses were examined. Logistic regression analysis was performed to test the global effect of age on suture closure within a group of peke-face Persians, doll-face Persians and DSHs and the 50% probability of having a closed suture was calculated and compared between groups. Age was a perfect predictor for the condition of the coronal sutures in peke-face Persians. Coronal sutures were found to be closed at 0–0.3 months. In doll-face and DSHs, coronal sutures were open throughout the lifetime with the exception of a few very old cats. Results of this study confirmed a coronal craniosynostosis that likely causes the extreme brachycephalic skull morphology in the peke-face Persian.
Tutorial for Abstract Semantic Associative Network Training (AbSANT): Theoretical Rationale, Step-by-Step Protocol, and Material Resources
Authors: Sandberg Chaleece W. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

The availability of evidence-based therapies for abstract words is limited. Abstract Semantic Associative Network Training (AbSANT) is theoretically motivated and has been shown to not only improve directly trained abstract words, such as the word
emergency
in the category
hospital,
but also promote generalization to related concrete words, such as the word
doctor
.

Method:
This tutorial provides step-by-step instructions, including cueing strategies, and material resources for conducting AbSANT. Importantly, this tutorial also explains the theoretical motivation behind AbSANT, as well as information regarding the population, dose, and environment characteristics of effective trials, to help clinicians make informed decisions regarding the applicability of this approach and to guide decision-making throughout the steps of therapy.

Conclusions:
AbSANT is an effective, theoretically based treatment for abstract words. This tutorial provides all of the resources needed to conduct AbSANT with clients with aphasia.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.17776211
Capacitive making of double‐break vacuum circuit breaker: Transverse magnetic field contacts are superior to axial magnetic field contacts
Authors: Geng Yun , Chen Xinggui , Zhang Luyang , Yao Xiaofei , Peng Jing , Geng Yingsan , Liu Zhiyuan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrevious studies mainly focused on the behaviours of single‐break vacuum circuit breakers (VCBs) in switching capacitor banks. The prestrike characteristics of double‐break VCBs subjected to axial magnetic fields (AMFs) and transverse magnetic fields (TMFs) in capacitive making operations, to find a proper structure of double‐break VCBs for capacitive switching are experimentally investigated here. Special attention is given to the prestrike gap, inrush current interruption, prestrike voltage, prestrike electric field strength and erosion on contact surfaces of double‐break VCBs. The results show that the 50% prestrike gap d50 and the scatter in prestrike gaps are significantly reduced by nearly 50% by the TMF double‐break VCB compared with the AMF double‐break VCB. The 50% prestrike arcing time ta50 of the TMF double‐break VCB can be reduced by 37.0% compared with the AMF double‐break VCB. The voltage distribution ratio between two vacuum interrupters (VIs) is more balanced in the TMF double‐break VCB (6:4) than in the AMF double‐break VCB (7:3) when prestrike occurs. The TMF double‐break VCB can reduce the erosion caused by inrush currents on contact surfaces compared with the AMF double‐break VCB. In switching capacitor banks, the TMF double‐break VCB is superior to the AMF double‐break VCB.
Statistical strong lensing
Authors: Sonnenfeld Alessandro 
Published: January 2022

Context. Strong lensing mass measurements require the knowledge of the redshift of both the lens and the source galaxy. Traditionally, spectroscopic redshifts are used for this purpose. Upcoming surveys, however, will lead to the discovery of ∼105 strong lenses, and it will be very difficult to obtain spectroscopic redshifts for most of them. Photometric redshift measurements will also be very challenging due to the blending between lens and source light.
Aims. The goal of this work is to demonstrate how to carry out an inference of the structural properties of the galaxy population from the analysis of a set of strong lenses with no individual source redshift measurements, and to assess the loss in precision compared to the case in which spectroscopic redshifts are available.
Methods. Building on the formalism introduced in Paper III, I developed a method that allows a statistical strong lensing inference to be carried out while marginalising over the source redshifts. This method, which relies on the knowledge of the properties of the unlensed background source population and of the selection function of the survey, generalises an approach known as photogeometric redshift, originally introduced by the Strong Lensing Legacy Survey collaboration. I tested the method on simulated data consisting of a subset of 137 strong lenses that is complete above a cut in observational space.
Results. The method recovers the properties of the galaxy population with a precision that is comparable to that attainable in the case in which individual source redshifts are known.
Conclusions. The photogeometric redshift method is a viable approach for the analysis of large sets of strong lenses provided that the background source population properties and lens selection function are well known.
Several generalizations on Wolstenholme Theorem
Authors: Zhu Yuyang , Huang Jing , Wang Lili , Li Ming 
Published: January 2022

This paper generalizes Wolstenholme theorem on two aspects. The first generalization is a parameterized form: let p > k + 2, k ≥ 1, ∀t ∈ ℤ, then

${{(pt + p - 1)!} \over {(pt)!}}\mathop \sum \limits_{m = 0}^{k - 1} {( - 1)^m}\mathop \sum \limits_{1 \le {i_l} < \cdots < {i_{k - m}} \le p - 1} {{{p^{k - (m + 1)}}} \over {\mathop \prod \limits_{l = 1}^{k - m} (pt + {i_l})}} \equiv 0{\left( {\bmod {p^{k + 1}}} \right)^.}$

The second generalization is on composite number module:
Let 1overa be the x in congruent equation ax ≡ 1(mod m)(1 ≤ x < m),
if m ≥ 5, then

$$\matrix{
{\sum\limits_{\scriptstyle (k,m) = 1, \hfill \atop
\scriptstyle 1 \le j \le m \hfill} {{{\left( {{1 \over k}} \right)}^2}} } \hfill & \equiv \hfill & {{m \over 6}[2m\varphi (m) + \prod\limits_{p|m} {(1 - p)]{{(\bmod m)}^{\;;}}} } \hfill \cr
{\sum\limits_{\scriptstyle (k,m) = 1, \hfill \atop
\scriptstyle 1 \le j \le m \hfill} {{{\left( {{1 \over k}} \right)}^3}} } \hfill & \equiv \hfill & {{{{m^2}} \over 4}[m\varphi (m) + \prod\limits_{p|m} {(1 - p)](\bmod m){\;^;}} } \hfill \cr
{\sum\limits_{\scriptstyle (k,m) = 1, \hfill \atop
\scriptstyle 1 \le j \le m \hfill} {{{\left( {{1 \over k}} \right)}^4}} } \hfill & \equiv \hfill & {{m \over {30}}[6{m^3}\varphi (m) + 10{m^2}\prod\limits_{p|m} {(1 - p) - \prod\limits_{p|m} {(1 - {p^3})](\bmod m){\;^;}} } } \hfill \cr
{\sum\limits_{\scriptstyle (k,m) = 1, \hfill \atop
\scriptstyle 1 \le j \le m \hfill} {{{\left( {{1 \over k}} \right)}^r}} } \hfill & \equiv \hfill & {{m^r}\sum\limits_{d|m} {\mu (d){{\left( {{m \over d}} \right)}^{ - r}}\sum\limits_{k = 1}^{{m \over d}} {{k^r}(\bmod m){\;^.}} } } \hfill \cr } $$

Where φ(x) is Euler function , μ(x) is Möbius function.