The Working Principle of the Webb Space Telescope Is Fatally Flawed
Authors: Ruhuai Xia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Doppler principle involves the addition of velocity vectors. However, according to the principle of invariance of the speed of light, the speed of light does not care about the speed or direction of movement of the source or observer. S-waves and p-waves vibrate perpendicular to each other, an important feature ignored by Doppler’s principle based on velocity vectors. Observations of binary star systems orbiting each other show that celestial bodies do not produce the Doppler effect, and the redshift is a distortion of another astronomical phenomenon. Only waves can produce the Doppler effect. However, the absorption spectrum of hydrogen adopted by Hubble's law corresponds to the characteristics of a filter rather than a wave, and it is impossible to produce a Doppler effect. Redshift cannot reshape a ray of light into a ring of electromagnetic waves. The three elements of force are magnitude, direction and point of action, and dark matter provides gravity that only satisfies magnitude regardless of direction and point of action. If all three elements of force were taken into account, no body in the solar system could exist except the Sun. According to the double-slit test principle of light wave interference producing stripes, the following unconventional conclusions are inevitably deduced, which violate this principle: (1) the farther the propagation distance is, the larger the cross section of the light wave is, so the larger the light spot generated by each light wave is. (2) Interference occurs only in the space between a double-slit device and the light target. The longer the optical path, the more incidents of interference and the brighter the pattern. (3) Along the propagation path of light, the stripes are constantly reshaped by interference, and the pattern of the test results should change with the distance between the double-slit device and the light target. (4) Because the principle of interference has strict requirements on frequency and phase, interference and dispersion should be initiated simultaneously. (5) The stripes are generated by the product of light wave interference, which is a spherical light wave spreading around the centre of the interference point. This triggers more interference in all directions, which makes the light wave form a value-added mode of an exponential infinite iteration cycle. This would create a singularity similar to the Big Bang. (6) Because quanta are indivisible, the mechanism for generating dark stripes in the principle of interference is not sustainable interference but one-time annihilation. (7) The results of double slit, Michelson–Morley and refraction tests cannot be obtained by using other wave sources than light sources. (8) For a photon passing through two slits at once, since the stripes are so much fainter than the source, unaimed light cannot pass through either slit. (9) The interference point is the intersection of the two light waves involved in the interference. It has a size of 0, and there is no space for anything to be generated. (10) Because the quantum is indivisible, the interference process must present a quantum state. Only when all conditions are met at the same time is interference suddenly triggered, which proves that this interference is impossible. (11) Polarization is a unique feature of light and cannot be absent in interference conditions. (12) Stripes are polarized and cannot be explained by the interference principle of light waves. (13) The phenomenon of "observation can tamper with results" is known through observation, which means that this phenomenon is disrupted by observation. (14) Similar to driving a car, light is refracted by the beam turning toward the side that slows down first. (15) The generation of a wavelet source at the point of contact is a general and fundamental law of waves, which is categorically impossible for light waves. (16) The principle that allows light to travel through transparent objects does not apply to opaque objects. (17) A double-slit test with "lights that have collapsed into particles" could bring Schrodinger's cat back to life.