bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moral Distress and Dilemmas Experienced by Healthcare Professionals during Care of Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Rashidi Kobra , Goudarzi Fateme , Fadavi Mohsen , Akrami Forouzan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Emerging COVID-19 pandemic has posed numerous ethical challenges to the healthcare. This study aimed to explain ethical challenges experienced by healthcare professionals giving care for COVID-19 patients during early phases of the pandemic.
Method
This qualitative study was conducted by content analysis approach. 22 semi-structured in-depth interviews were done with 18 healthcare professionals working in medical centers and hospitals of public or private sectors, in Tehran, capital of Iran, from July to October 2020.
Results
The ethical challenges categorized into 4 categories (and 11 sub-categories) including: poor professional care, preference of public interests over individual care, difficult decision-making, and moral distress.
Conclusion
The findings indicate on the attenuation of professional care, need to developing evidence-based clinical guidelines with regard to the resulted insights. In addition, devising appropriate interventions is recommended to psycho-emotional support of frontline healthcare workers, especially the nurses.
Exploring the Influence of Beliefs of Instructors on Adoption of Technology in Teaching
Authors: Hasan Zahir 
Published: April 2022

The implementation of Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) due to Covid-19 pandemic resulted in classes being taught online. This research study examines computer-mediated instruction as it is influenced by beliefs of English-language instructors, and how those instructors make sense of their beliefs regarding computer-mediated online instruction tools. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) research design was used. English-language instructors employed full-time in universities in Tokyo participated in this study. It appeared that each instructor’s beliefs interacted in a complex manner to technology which impacted instructors’ teaching practices related to the use of computer-mediated instruction. It revealed a multifaceted relationship between what instructors’ think and what they do in class in relation to computer-mediated tasks. Findings of this study suggest that English language instructors are navigating competently, yet cautiously in the digital age. This study suggests technology integration into the English language curriculum will require a greater collaborative effort by relevant stakeholders in recognizing instructors’ beliefs as vital to technology acceptance
Application of the artificial intelligence approach and remotely sensed imagery for soil moisture evaluation
Authors: Nourani Vahid 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The current research attempts to present a modeling framework for determining soil moisture conditions by using remotely sensed imagery products. In this way, identifying various pixels with similar patterns from satellite images could be a reliable method to have an appropriate view over the soil moisture condition of a particular region. In this context, an artificial intelligence-based self-organizing map (SOM) method is employed to classify homogenous pixels over Phoenix, which is located in the south of Arizona, utilizing parameters extracted from satellite images. The central pixels of clusters are selected as the cluster indicator, with one from each cluster. Then, feed-forward neural networks (FFNNs) consisting of three layers of input, hidden, and output are trained by employing the extracted satellite images time series of the central pixels of the clusters. Finally, the soil moisture conditions of the representative pixels of the clusters are simulated by the trained models. The results reveal the suitability of SOM-based clustering to identify the specific points by which soil moisture can represent the soil moisture condition over the related regions. The proposed methodology and obtained results can be further used to provide a cost-effective method to determine the soil moisture condition of the region by reducing the costs of monitoring.
HIGHLIGHTS An SOM is used to cluster homogenous pixels. The soil moisture conditions of the representative pixel for each cluster are simulated by using an ANN. The results reveal the suitability of the SOM clustering method to identify the specific points by which the soil moisture can represent the soil moisture condition.
Granulation strategies applied to industrial wastewater treatment: from lab to full-scale
Authors: Caluwé M. , Goossens K. , Seguel Suazo K. , Tsertou E. , Dries J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
About one third of the industrial activated sludge (AS) plants worldwide suffer from bad settling sludge, often caused by filamentous bulking phenomena. The present study investigated the effectiveness of a sludge granulation/densification strategy, based only on a metabolic selection mechanism, to eliminate sludge bulking in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating real industrial wastewater. The wastewater originated from a tank truck cleaning company transporting chocolate and beer. The proposed strategy involved the introduction of a slow unaerated/anaerobic feeding step in the SBR operation. On lab-scale, the new feeding strategy resulted in (1) excellent settling with a sludge volume index (SVI) decreasing from more than 300 mL·g−1 to 100 mL·g−1 and lower, (2) the elimination of sludge bulking genera and (3) the significant enrichment of glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAO), mainly Defluviicoccus and Candidatus Competibacter, and this in less than 80 days. The feeding strategy was then applied to the full-scale installation, yielding similar results: a stable average SVI of 37 mL·g−1 was reached after approximately 150 days. Full granulation was however not reached, which warrants further optimization. The present study shows that the proposed strategy can easily be applied in existing SBR systems to solve the problem of sludge bulking.
Cardiorenal Syndrome Triggered by Slowly Progressive Drugs Toxicity-Induced
Renal Failure along with Minimal Mitral Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Caiati Carlo , Argentiero Adriana , Favale Stefano , Lepera Mario Erminio 
Published: April 2022

Background:
We report the case of a 93-year-old patient with normal left ventricular function and severe mitral annulus calcification, with mild mitral steno-insufficiency.

Case Presentation:
She had developed creeping drugs-induced renal toxicity that is generally totally overlooked, due mainly to statins, a proton pump inhibitor, and aspirin. The Na and fluid retention, along with hypertension that ensued, although not severe, caused acute heart failure (sub-pulmonary edema) by worsening the mitral insufficiency. This occurred due to a less effi-cient calcific mitral annulus contraction during systole and an increasing mitral transvalvular gra-dient, as the transvalvular mitral gradient has an exponential relation to flow. After the suspension of the nephrotoxic drugs and starting intravenous furosemide, she rapidly improved. At 6 months follow-up, she is stable, in an NYHA 1-2 functional class, despite the only partial recovery of the renal function.

Conclusion:
Progressive renal failure can functionally worsen even minimal mitral valvulopathy. Drug-induced nephrotoxicity can always be suspected in case of renal failure of unknown etiol-ogy. The suspension of the culprit drugs can improve renal function and dramatically improve the clinical symptoms even in a nonagenarian.
Uncommon Noninvasive Biomarkers for the Evaluation and Monitoring of the Etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Pomilio Alicia B. , Vitale Arturo A. , Lazarowski Alberto J. 
Published: April 2022

Background:Alzheimer´s disease (AD) is the most widespread dementia in the world, followed by vascular dementia. Since AD is a heterogeneous disease that shows several varied phenotypes, it is not easy to make an accurate diagnosis, so it arises when the symptoms are clear and the disease is already very advanced. Therefore, it is important to find out biomarkers for AD early diagnosis that facilitate treatment or slow down the disease. Classic biomarkers are obtained from cerebrospinal fluid and plasma, along with brain imaging by positron emission tomography. Attempts have been made to discover uncommon biomarkers from other body fluids, which are addressed in this update.Objective:This update aims to describe recent biomarkers from minimally invasive body fluids for the patients, such as saliva, urine, eye fluid or tears.Methods:Biomarkers were determined in patients versus controls by single tandem mass spectrometry, and immunoassays. Metabolites were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance, and microRNAs with genome-wide high-throughput real-time polymerase chain reaction-based platforms.Results:Biomarkers from urine, saliva, and eye fluid were described, including peptides/proteins, metabolites, and some microRNAs. The association with AD neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration was analyzed, highlighting the contribution of matrix metalloproteinases, the immune system and microglia, as well as the vascular system.Conclusion:Unusual biomarkers have been developed, which distinguish each stage and progression of the disease, and are suitable for the early AD diagnosis. An outstanding relationship of biomarkers with neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration was assessed, clearing up concerns of the etiopathogenesis of AD.
Research Progress of Novel Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Medicine
Monomers based on Natural Silk Fibroin: A Mini-Review
Authors: Xu Hui , Xiang Ping , Yu Bin , Sun Zheng , Li Xuecheng , Qv Aimei , Sohail Muhammad , Li Yanli 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a good curative effect, but its disadvantages include
complex components, poor drug stability, potential drug interaction, etc. Therefore, it is particularly
important to construct a novel drug delivery system that can load Chinese medicine monomers to
solve this problem. Silk fibroin is a kind of natural polymer material with unique properties. It can be
used as a carrier material to load Chinese medicine monomers to prepare novel drug delivery systems
that significantly affect treating diseases without toxic and side effects. However, there is still a lack of
a review on silk fibroin as a carrier material to load Chinese medicine monomers to explore and analyze
the current research results and progress. Here, our article focuses on the in-depth excavation and analysis
of the recent research on novel drug delivery systems prepared by silk fibroin and TCM monomers.
Besides, the characteristics, existing problems, and prospects of silk fibroin are discussed and explained.
It is hoped that this research can provide a reference and basis for the modernization of TCM,
the design of novel drug delivery systems, the research and development of new drugs in the future, and
contribute to the innovation of silk protein.
Proteomic Profiling of Maternal Serum for Early Risk Analysis of
Preterm Birth
Authors: Roohi Nabila , Malik Javeria , Ahmad Shaaf , Aziz Humaira , Iqbal Muhammad Amir 
Published: April 2022

Background:
The absence of absolute clinical indicators and suitable biomarkers hinders
the timely diagnosis of women at risk of preterm birth. It influences roughly 12% of births. At
delivery and clinical presentation, preterm births are generally inspected based on the gestational
period. Different disturbed pathways are associated with the signs of at-risk pregnancies.

Objective:
The main purpose of this study is to analyze and explore the serum proteome of early deliveries
and help health care professionals to improve the understanding of the progression of
preterm birth.

Methods:
In the present study, 200 pregnant females of 20-30 years of age were selected. We collected
samples of second and third-trimester pregnant females, out of which 40 females delivered
preterm. We further divided them into three groups, i.e., extremely preterm group, very preterm,
and controls. Overall comparison of serum profiles of all the three groups expressing fourteen proteins
ranging between 200-10kDa was made. Serum proteins were isolated by one-dimensional
sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and photographed by totalLab quant
software. Groups were evaluated using the ANOVA Tukey’s Post Hoc analysis.

Results:
Proteins of 69kDa and 15kDa expressed a significant decrease when compared with control
subjects. In contrast, the proteins of 23kDa expressed a significant increase, while the proteins
of 77kDa, 45kDa, and 25kDa demonstrated no considerable variation.

Conclusion:
The serum proteins showing significant difference as compared to the control group
will serve as predictive biomarkers for at-risk pregnancies. The present study is expected to considerably
improve the understanding of the disease pathogenesis along with improved diagnostic and
therapeutic approaches leading to better management of pregnancy and reducing the risk of
preterm birth.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Thiazole Ring: Mini Review
Authors: Kassab Asmaa E. , Shahin Inas G. , Mohamed Khaled O. , Taher Azza T. , Mayhoub Abdelrahman S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
The thiazole scaffold is an essential structural foundation in a plethora of pharmaceutical
products having an extensive array of biological activities. Consequently, its synthesis has been extensively
discussed in the literature. In this mini review, we have summarized the recent advances in thiazole
synthesis, covering articles published between 2002 and 2021. We have reviewed and discussed
various recent and novel routes for synthesizing compounds containing thiazole rings from various
starting materials such as thiourea, thioamide, or thiosemicarbazone. Additionally, we have illustrated
environmentally benign methods for thiazole synthesis. We hope that this review can help other researchers
efficiently synthesize the thiazole ring.
Assessment of Expression of LncRNA H19, Pinin and their Relation to
rs532 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the Pinin Gene Present in the
Tissue of Individuals Suffering from Breast Cancer in Central Iran
Authors: Nabatchian Fariba , Shafieizadeh Zohreh , Shafieizadeh Zahra , Moradi Afshin , Kheiri Fatemeh , Azadeh Mansoureh , Afrisham Reza , Davoudi Negin 
Published: April 2022

Introduction:
In women, breast cancer is a prevalent malignancy. One of the important
genes in breast cancer progression is Pinin. LncRNAs H19 plays an important role in breast cancer
cell development. In this study, the correlation between a miRNA-related rs532 polymorphism (G)
and the level of expression of Pinin and lncRNA H19 in breast cancer tissues was investigated.

Methods:
Tissue samples were collected from 64 patients with breast cancer. RT-PCR with highresolution
melting (HRM) analysis was used.

Result:
Our data suggest that there is significant up-regulation in the expression of lncRNA H19
and the Pinin gene in breast cancer tissue compared to the control ones. The Pinin polymorphism
rs532 G is significantly associated with Pinin expression of breast cancer tissue compared to the
control one.

Discussion:
The rs532 G polymorphism is located around the pinin and its allele frequency is significantly
associated with Pinin expression. Perhaps, rs532 G polymorphism could be functional in
breast cancer progression through the impact on pinin expression. There is no correlation between
SNP and lncRNA H19.

Conclusion:
The polymorphism rs532 G polymorphism is significantly associated with Pinin expression
of breast cancer tissue from Isfahan patients which suggests the miRNA-141has potential
to regulate Pinin expression levels.
A Comprehensive Review on Ethnopharmacology and Phytochemistry of
an Underutilized Plant Cordia dichotoma L.
Authors: Kushwaha Poonam , Abdullah Mohammad , Usmani Shazia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Cordia dichotoma L. (Family Boraginaceae), a well-known medicinal plant, has been
traditionally used for thousands of years for the treatment of various diseases. Several studies
have been undertaken to assess the pharmacological potential of different parts of the plant,
namely roots, stem, flower, and leaves, for their antioxidant, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic,
anticancer, antifertility, antifungal, and wound healing properties. The present review
aims to deliver a comprehensive summary of botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and prospects
of potential pharmacological activities of the plant C. dichotoma. A literature survey was
carried out through books on herbal medicine and different online databases, including Google
Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Scifinder, Science Direct, and Springer. All papers based on traditional
medicinal uses and pharmacological properties have been analyzed and summarized in this review.
The elaborative results vindicate that extracts and phytoconstituents from C. dichotoma
exert a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects and hold significant prospects in major health
conditions.
Reperfusion Cardiac Injury: Receptors and the Signaling Mechanisms
Authors: Maslov Leonid N. , Popov Sergey V. , Mukhomedzyanov Alexandr V. , Naryzhnaya Natalia V. , Voronkov Nikita S. , Ryabov Vyacheslav V. , Boshchenko Alla A. , Khaliulin Igor , Prasad N. Rajendra , Fu Feng , Pei Jian-Ming , Logvinov Sergey V. , Oeltgen Peter R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:It has been documented that Ca2+ overload and increased production of reactive oxygen species play a significant role in reperfusion injury (RI) of cardiomyocytes. Ischemia/reperfusion induces cell death as a result of necrosis, necroptosis, apoptosis, and possibly autophagy, pyroptosis and ferroptosis. It has also been demonstrated that the NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in RI of the heart. An increase in adrenergic system activity during the restoration of coronary perfusion negatively affected cardiac resistance to RI. Toll-like receptors are involved in RI of the heart. Angiotensin II and endothelin-1 aggravated ischemic/reperfusion injury of the heart. Activation of neutrophils, monocytes, CD4+ T-cells and platelets contributes to cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury. Our review outlines the role of these factors in reperfusion cardiac injury.
Skin Cancer Management: Current Scenario And Future Perspectives
Authors: Nagpal Manju , Jindal Mehak , Kaur Malkiet , Singh Manjinder , Aggarwal Geeta , Dhingra Gitika Arora 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Skin cancer is a life-threatening disease and has caused significant loss to human health
across the globe. Its prevalence has been increasing every year and is one of the common malignancies
in the case of organ transplant recipients, of which 95% constitute basal cell and squamous cell
carcinomas. The prime factor causing skin cancer is UV radiation. Around the 20th century, sunlight
was the primary cause of skin cancer. A novel hypothesis by US scientists stated that cutaneous
melanoma was mainly due to recurrent exposure to the sun, whereas keratinocyte cancer occurred
due to progressive accumulation of sun exposure. Management of skin cancer is done via
various approaches, including cryotherapy, radiotherapy, and photodynamic therapy. Post-discovery
of X-rays, radiotherapy has proven to treat skin cancers to some extent, but the indications are uncertain
since it depends upon the type of tumour and surgical treatment required for the patient. Due
to various limitations of skin cancer treatment and increased severity, there is a requirement for
cost-effective, novel, and efficient treatment. Various nanocarriers such as SLNs, magnetic nanoparticles,
gold nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, etc., are the potential carriers in the management and
prognosis of both non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancer. Various research and review databases
and patent reports have been studied, and information compiled to extract the results. The review
also discusses the role of various nanocarriers in treating and diagnosing skin cancer.
UHPLC-MS/MS Studies and Antiproliferative Effects in Breast Cancer Cells of
Mexican Sargassum
Authors: José Correa-Basurto , Jonathan Fragoso-Vázquez Manuel , Darling Duclosel , Cecilia Rosales-Hernández Martha , Alan Estrada-Pérez , Lubriel Mendoza-Figueroa Humberto , Ivonne Olivares-Corichi , Elena Mendieta-Wejebe Jessica , Augusto Reyes-López Cesar , Sayuri Velasco-Quijano Jessica , Angel Gil-Ruiz Luis 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Sargassum is a marine organism that, under specific conditions, drastically increases its population
damaging the environment and risking other organisms. However, sargassum could represent a source of bioactive
compounds to treat different diseases such as cancer. Thus, aqueous, ethanolic, and ethyl acetate extracts of sargassum
from Playa del Carmen, Mexico, were subjected to metabolomic and antiproliferative assays in breast cancer
cells.

Objective:
To evaluate the biological effect of different extracts of sargassum, its toxicity over Artemia salina and its
antiproliferative effect tested in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and NIH3T3 cell lines. Finally, using UHPLC-MS/MS to
identify the metabolites in each extract to correlate them with its antiproliferative effect.

Methods:
The sargassum sample collection was carried out in September at three different points in Playa del Carmen,
Quintana Roo, Mexico. The aqueous, ethanolic, and ethyl acetate extracts of Mexican sargassum were obtained by
evaporation of solvent and lyophilization. Then, these extracts were evaluated in the cytotoxicity bioassay of Artemia
salina. Next, its antiproliferative effect was assessed in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and NIH3T3 cell lines. Using
UHPLC-MS/MS, the metabolites present in each extract were identified. Finally, docking studies on sphingosine kinase
1 (PDB ID: 3VZB) of sphingosine were carried out.

Results:
The extracts from sargassum showed a greater effect in the antiproliferative assays in cells than in cytotoxic
assays in Artemia salina. The ethanolic extract obtained from sargassum showed the best antiproliferative activity in
MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Despite its antiproliferative effect on NIH3T3 cells, an additional extract is required
indicating that this extract has compounds that could have a better effect on cancer cells in fibroblast (NIH3T3). The
UHPLC-MS/MS of ethanolic and the ethyl acetate extract showed that these extracts have compounds such as sphinganine
C16, N, N-Dimethylsphingosine compound, and that it could be possible that the effect observed is due to their
metabolites which could be ligands for the sphingosine kinase 1 as demonstrated by docking studies.

Conclusion:
The ethanolic extract obtained from sargassum has better antiproliferative activity, despite not having a
cytotoxic effect in Artemia salina. The antiproliferative effect could be related to the sphinganine C16, N,NDimethylphingosine
identified with more abundance by UHPLC-MS/MS. In addition, these metabolites could be
targets of sphingosine kinase 1.