bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural sensitivity to peer feedback and depression symptoms in adolescents: a 2‐year multiwave longitudinal study
Authors: Pagliaccio David , Kumar Poornima , Kamath Rahil A. , Pizzagalli Diego A. , Auerbach Randy P. 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundDepression risk increases during adolescent development, and individual differences in neural sensitivity to peer feedback (rejection vs. acceptance) may be a key diathesis in understanding stress‐related depression risk.MethodsAt baseline, adolescents (12–14 years old; N = 124) completed clinical interviews and self‐report symptom measures, and the Chatroom Task while MRI data were acquired. The majority of participants provided usable MRI data (N = 90; 76% female), which included adolescents with no maternal depression history (low risk n = 64) and those with a maternal depression history (high risk n = 26). Whole‐brain regression models probed group differences in neural sensitivity following peer feedback, and whole‐brain linear mixed‐effects models examined neural sensitivity to peer feedback by peer stress interactions relating to depression symptoms at up to nine longitudinal assessments over 2 years.ResultsWhole‐brain cluster‐corrected results indicated brain activation moderating the strong positive association between peer interpersonal stress and depression over time. This included activation in the anterior insula, cingulate, amygdala, and striatum during anticipation and receipt of feedback (i.e., rejection vs. acceptance). Moderation effects were stronger when examining peer interpersonal (vs. non‐interpersonal) stress and in relation to depression (vs. social anxiety) symptoms.ConclusionsNeural responses to peer feedback in key social and incentive processing brain regions may reflect core dispositional risk factors that interact with peer interpersonal stressors to predict adolescent depression symptom severity over time.
Microencapsulation of red beet extract using chitosan‐Persian gum complex coacervates
Authors: Namazzadeh Ghazal , Ehsani Ali , Ghasempour Zahra 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe coacervation technique is an efficient encapsulation process in which macromolecules with opposite surface charges interact, resulting in polymeric complexes. Hydroethanolic solvent (52%) was selected to obtain bioactive compounds from red beet using the mixture experimental design. Red beet extract was encapsulated in a complex of chitosan and negatively charged Persian gum. The optimum condition for coacervate formation was received at the chitosan to Persian gum ratio of 18:82 at pH 5.3. The coacervation yield of the two polysaccharides was 80%, and the zeta potential of dispersion was close to zero. Complex formation between two biopolymers was confirmed through FTIR. Micro‐sized coacervates showed 90% encapsulation efficiency for the betalain extract to coacervate dispersion ratio of 14.3%. The betalain‐loaded chitosan/Persian gum complex presented superior thermal stability compared with pure polysaccharides. The obtained complex can be applied to improve the stability of betalains and control their release in food and pharmaceutical applications.Novelty Impact StatementEqual mixture of water:ethanol resulted in maximum betalain extraction. Strong electrostatic complexation was approved between Persian gum and chitosan. Persian gum/chitosan coacervate demonstrated high loading capacity for betalains.
Metabolite profile of raw and cooked pasta from whole wheat grain enriched with Bambara groundnut
Authors: Oyeyinka Samson A. , Gbashi Sefater , Onarinde Bukola A. , Adebo Oluwafemi A. , Njobeh Patrick B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study assessed the metabolite profile of raw and cooked pasta from whole wheat grain enriched with Bambara groundnut using gas chromatography high‐resolution time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (GC‐HRTOF‐MS). Different metabolites (49), such as alcohols, amides, aldehydes, amines (4%), aromatic compounds (6%), fatty acids (4%), fatty acid ethyl ester (4%), ketones (6%), lipids (2%), nucleobase (2%), phenolic compounds (4%), plasticizer (2%), steroids, and terpenes (4%), were found in the pasta samples. Ester compounds (ethyl ester, fatty acid ethyl ester, and fatty acid methyl ester), miscellaneous compounds, and metabolites with pharmaceutical properties accounted for the bulk of the metabolites in the pasta samples. Uncooked pasta showed lower amounts (i.e., less diversity) of metabolites (10) compared with their cooked counterparts (21), but 18 similar metabolites were found in both cooked and uncooked pasta. Changes in the metabolite composition could be associated with transformation during cooking since a larger number of metabolites were formed after cooking. This study would guide future utilization of pulse‐enriched pasta and provide direction for further research in the metabolomic research space.Novelty Impact StatementThis study reported for the very first time the metabolite composition of pasta produced from whole wheat flour enriched with Bambara groundnut using a gas chromatography high‐resolution time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry technique. The study is of practical importance in understating the composition of bioactive compounds that are derivable from the consumption of whole wheat‐Bambara pasta and could further provide information for future studies in the metabolomic research space. In addition, climate‐smart but underutilized crops such as Bambara groundnut could be used in enriching staples and modifying the metabolite composition of staple foods such as pasta. The data provided in this study could also be valuable in designing future research for pulses with similar composition and characteristics to the Bambara groundnut.
Biosorption of phenolic compounds from Plinia cauliflora seeds in residual yeast: Kinetic, equilibrium, and bioaccessibility studies
Authors: Maroldi Wédisley Volpato , Maciel Giselle Maria , Rossetto Raquel , Bortolini Débora Gonçalves , Fernandes Isabela de Andrade Arruda , Haminiuk Charles Windson Isidoro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the biosorption mechanisms of bioactive compounds from jaboticaba (Plinia cauliflora) seeds adsorbed on residual Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds before and after the biosorption process was tested using the simulated gastrointestinal digestion technique. The biosorption process was evaluated at different solution pH values (2, 4, 6, and 8). In the present study, the biosorption occurred more favorably in an acid solution medium, and the highest adsorption capacity was found at pH 2 (qe = 49 mg g−1). In alkaline conditions (pH > 7), the biosorption was disfavored. The biosorption kinetics of phenolic compounds from jaboticaba seed extract in yeasts showed a fast equilibrium time (45 min). In addition, 80% of biosorption occurred within the first 15 min. Regarding the isotherm studies, the increased adsorption capacity observed was directly proportional to the increase in the concentration of the initial solution, presenting an L‐type curve characteristic of monolayer adsorption. The Sips and Jovanovic monolayer models suggest that the maximum adsorption capacity (q) was 75 mg g−1. According to the separation factor (RL) of the Langmuir model, the adsorption of the phenolic compounds extracted from the jaboticaba seeds occurred favorably (RL = 0.509). In addition, the concentration of total phenolic compounds after simulated gastrointestinal digestion was reduced in crude and biosorbed extracts, with bioaccessibility values of 5.37 and 2.64, respectively. However, the concentration of these total compounds increased after intestinal digestion of the biosorbed yeast. The biosorption equilibrium time was reached at 45 min, and the maximum adsorption capacity for the concentrations studied was 50 mg g−1 at pH 2. These results show that S. cerevisiae is a biosorbent capable of protecting and releasing compounds during gastrointestinal digestion and acts as a polyphenol delivery system.Novelty impact statementYeasts biosorbed with bioactive compounds of plants can be used as a delivery system of secondary metabolites where the enriched biomass act in preserving the antioxidant and bioaccessibility of the molecules.
Integration or isolation: Social identity threat relates to immigrant students’ sense of belonging and social approach motivation in the academic context
Authors: Froehlich Laura , Brokjøb Lise Gulli , Nikitin Jana , Martiny Sarah E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStigmatized individuals often feel threatened by negative stereotypes about their group. Previous research showed that concerns about being negatively stereotyped (i.e., social identity threat) have detrimental effects on performance in the stereotyped domain. Little research has focused on interpersonal consequences of negative stereotypes, despite their essential role for integration of stigmatized groups like immigrants. The current work examines the relations of social identity threat with sense of belonging and social approach motivation in immigrant university students, and the moderating effect of ethnic and national identity. Two studies with immigrant university students in Norway (total sample N = 252) showed that concerns about being negatively stereotyped at university were negatively associated with immigrant students’ sense of belonging to university which in turn related to lower social approach motivation toward other students. Further, social approach motivation predicted students’ behavioral intentions to approach social events. There was also first evidence for a moderating effect of ethnic and national identity on the relationship between social identity threat and sense of belonging. Practical implications for immigrants’ societal and educational integration are discussed.
Re‐evaluation of the low‐dose dexamethasone suppression test in dogs
Authors: Lim L. , Hulsebosch S. E. , Gilor C. , Reagan K. L. , Kopecny L. , Maggiore A. D. , Phillips K. L. , Kass P. H. , Vernau W. , Nelson R. W. 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesThis study aims to re‐evaluate the low‐dose dexamethasone suppression test 8‐hour cortisol cut‐point for the diagnosis of hypercortisolism in dogs using a solid‐phase, competitive chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐seven client‐owned dogs with naturally occurring hypercortisolism and 30 healthy control dogs were prospectively recruited. Performance of the low‐dose dexamethasone suppression test was assessed using sensitivity, specificity and a receiver operating characteristic curve compared to a clinical diagnosis of hypercortisolism including response to treatment.ResultsTwenty‐four dogs were diagnosed with pituitary‐dependent hypercortisolism and three with adrenal‐dependent hypercortisolism. In 30 healthy control dogs, 8‐hour post‐dexamethasone cortisol concentrations ranged from 5.5 to 39 nmol/L. A receiver operating characteristic curve curve constructed from the 8‐hour post‐dexamethasone cortisol concentrations of hypercortisolism and control dogs demonstrated that the most discriminatory cut‐point was more than 39 nmol/L with sensitivity of 85.2% (95% confidence interval, 67.5% to 94.1%) and specificity of 100% (95% confidence interval, 88.7% to 100.0%) and an area under the curve of 0.963.Clinical SignificanceThe optimal cut‐point of more than 36 nmol/L proposed by this study is similar to the currently accepted 8‐hour cortisol concentration cut‐point for diagnosing hypercortisolism when using a solid‐phase, competitive chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay.
Western Sahara's Unlearned Lessons
Authors: Jett Dennis 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe situation in the Western Sahara illustrates an unfortunate aspect of international relations: When countries pursue their national interests and ignore international principles, they can create problems that defy resolution. Such problems are often dumped in the lap of the United Nations, which frequently lacks the means to solve them. The struggle between Morocco's desire to annex the Western Sahara and the Algerian‐backed effort for it to be an independent country has led to an impasse. The United States has tried to have it both ways by making statements designed to suggest the two mutually exclusive options are possible. While this intractable dispute drags on and the possibility of renewed hostilities increases, a UN peacekeeping mission, established more than 30 years ago but that accomplishes little to nothing, continues with no end in sight.
Divine Self‐Disclosure in Filial Values: The Problem of Guided Goodness
Authors: Moser Paul K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article’s main thesis is that divine self‐disclosure to humans is best understood in terms of manifested filial values with a distinctive moral intention aimed at cultivating righteousness. To that end, it identifies and clarifies a neglected problem of guided goodness and its significance for God’s self‐disclosure in manifested filial values. Part I characterizes the relevant values as the potential motivating powers of some goods to enable filial improvement relative to God’s perfect moral character. Part II explains how God is related to manifested filial values in terms of God’s active and empowering moral character and will. Part III illuminates how God can be experienced by humans through divine self‐disclosure in manifested filial values, including in morally searching interventions, such as nudges toward goodness, in conscience. Part IV portrays reciprocity between God’s moral will and human wills as central to human receptivity to divine self‐disclosure in manifested filial values. Part V clarifies how evidentially grounded assurance for faith in God can arise from divine self‐disclosure when cooperatively received by humans. Part VI contrasts my approach to the ground of faith in God with some views of Martin Buber and H. Richard Niebuhr. Moral phenomenology, aided by the apostle Paul, emerges as central to understanding divine self‐disclosure in manifested filial values.
Effects of personalized music intervention on nurse burnout: A feasibility randomized controlled trial
Authors: Matthew Josephine , Mike Lerinda , Huang Hui‐Chuan , Wang Chia‐Hui , Shih Chun‐Ying , Chen Yi‐Chen , Chiu Hsiao‐Yean 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBurnout is highly prevalent among nurses; however, the effect of personalized music intervention on burnout remains unclear on nurses. We aimed to investigate the effects of personalized music intervention in relieving burnout among nurses. Forty‐two eligible nurses were recruited for an assessor‐blinded, two‐arm parallel randomized controlled trial. The participants were randomly assigned to the following two groups: The personalized music group (n = 21), which listened to music of their choice for 30 min per session three times per week for 5 weeks; and the wait‐list control group (n = 21), which did not listen to any music for relaxation. At baseline, nurses in the personalized music group had worse emotional exhaustion and greater depression compared with the wait‐list control group. Results from an analysis of covariance using baseline emotional exhaustion and depression as covariates indicated that nurses who received personalized music intervention experienced less emotional exhaustion than the nurses in the wait‐list control experienced. Personalized music intervention can be used for nurses as an adjuvant approach to reduce emotional exhaustion and then improve their well‐being.
Soil geochemistry – and not topography – as a major driver of carbon allocation, stocks, and dynamics in forests and soils of African tropical montane ecosystems
Authors: Bukombe Benjamin , Bauters Marijn , Boeckx Pascal , Cizungu Landry Ntaboba , Cooper Matthew , Fiener Peter , Kidinda Laurent Kidinda , Makelele Isaac , Muhindo Daniel Iragi , Rewald Boris , Verheyen Kris , Doetterl Sebastian 
Published: September 2022

Summary

The lack of field‐based data in the tropics limits our mechanistic understanding of the drivers of net primary productivity (NPP) and allocation. Specifically, the role of local edaphic factors – such as soil parent material and topography controlling soil fertility as well as water and nutrient fluxes – remains unclear and introduces substantial uncertainty in understanding net ecosystem productivity and carbon (C) stocks.

Using a combination of vegetation growth monitoring and soil geochemical properties, we found that soil fertility parameters reflecting the local parent material are the main drivers of NPP and C allocation patterns in tropical montane forests, resulting in significant differences in below‐ to aboveground biomass components across geochemical (soil) regions.

Topography did not constrain the variability in C allocation and NPP. Soil organic C stocks showed no relation to C input in tropical forests. Instead, plant C input seemingly exceeded the maximum potential of these soils to stabilize C.

We conclude that, even after many millennia of weathering and the presence of deeply developed soils, above‐ and belowground C allocation in tropical forests, as well as soil C stocks, vary substantially due to the geochemical properties that soils inherit from parent material.
Similarities and differences in iron homeostasis strategies between graminaceous and nongraminaceous plants
Authors: Chao Zhen‐Fei , Chao Dai‐Yin 
Published: September 2022

SummaryIron (Fe) homeostasis is essential for both plant development and human nutrition. The maintenance of Fe homeostasis involves a complex network in which Fe signaling nodes and circuits coordinate tightly Fe transporters, ferric reductases, H+‐ATPases, low‐molecular‐mass metal chelators, and transporters of chelators and Fe–chelate complexes. Early‐stage studies have revealed different strategies for Fe homeostasis between graminaceous and nongraminaceous plants. Recent progress has refreshed our understanding of previous knowledge, especially on the uptake, phloem transport and systemic signaling of Fe. This review attempts to summarize recent exciting and potentially influential studies on the various routes of Fe uptake and distribution in plants, focusing on breakthroughs that have changed our understanding of plant Fe nutrition.
Implementation of a software application in staging and grading of periodontitis cases
Authors: Marini Lorenzo , Tonetti Maurizio S. , Nibali Luigi , Sforza Nicola M. , Landi Luca , Cavalcanti Raffaele , Rojas Mariana A. , Pilloni Andrea 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy and the inter‐rater agreement among general dentists when staging and grading periodontitis cases with the aid of a software application (SA) developed by the Italian Society of Periodontology and Implantology.Materials and methodsTen general dentists were asked to independently assess 25 periodontitis cases using the SA. Accuracy was estimated using quadratic weighted kappa and examiners' percentage of agreement with a reference diagnosis provided by a gold standard examiner. Inter‐rater agreement was evaluated using Fleiss kappa statistics.ResultsThe overall case definition agreed with the reference diagnosis in 53.6% of cases. The agreements for each general dentist's pairwise comparisons against the reference definition were at least substantial in 100% of cases for stage, in 70% of cases for grade and in none of the cases for extent. Fleiss kappa was 0.818, 0.608, and 0.632 for stage, extent, and grade, respectively. The study recognized possible reasons that could lead to decreased accuracy using the SA.ConclusionsSupported by the SA, general dentists have reached substantial inter‐rater agreement and highly accurate assignments of stage and grade. However, complete case definitions were correctly diagnosed in slightly over half of the cases.
Chronic actinic dermatitis: A 5‐year clinical analysis of 488 patients in China
Authors: Gu Qiaozhi , Zhang Zhen , Yang Jin , Gao Haiqing , Hu Yue , Xu Yu , Ren Jie , Luo Xiaoqun , Ma Li 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground/PurposeChronic actinic dermatitis (CAD) is a spectrum of diseases with chronic photosensitivity occurring mostly among middle‐aged and older men. We seek to explore the characteristics and pathogenesis of CAD among the Chinese population.MethodsThe medical records of 488 CAD cases diagnosed by phototesting at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University from January 2014 to December 2018 were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsAmong the 488 patients, 344 were male and 144 were female. 84.8% of the cases were over 40 years old at the age of onset, while the remaining with an early age of onset had a prevalence of atopic history of 21.6%. Up to 45.0% of the patients reported excessive sun exposure and outdoor activities before the initiation of symptoms. The typical skin lesions were erythema, papules and plaques laid predominantly in sun‐exposed areas. 42.8% of the cases showed sensitivity to UVB only, 20.7% were both sensitive to UVA and UVB, and 18.2% had UVA sensitivity only. The most predominant photoallergens were chlorpromazine (80.1%), thimerosal (17.2%), potassium dichromate (12.7%), etc. The most prevalent patch test allergens were potassium dichromate (24.4%), thimerosal (20.5%), formaldehyde (16.8%), etc.ConclusionsCAD was more commonly seen in males over 40 years old. The action spectrum of Chinese patients is primarily in the UVB range. Exposure to excessive sunlight or contact allergens and photoallergens are important risk factors. Photobiology tests are essential in detecting photosensitivity and recognizing potential photosensitizers. Early avoidance of confirmed photoallergens and sun exposure may prevent photosensitive reactions from progressing into persistent photosensitivity.
Association between age‐related hearing loss with tinnitus and cognitive performance in older community‐dwelling Chinese adults
Authors: Zhang Weibin , Ruan Jian , Zhang Ruxin , Zhang Min , Hu Xiuhua , Han Zhao , Ruan Qingwei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimTo examine how the severity of age‐related hearing loss (ARHL) and tinnitus or the presentation of ARHL with tinnitus is associated with overall cognition, in terms of specific cognitive domains in older community‐dwelling Chinese adults.MethodsThe study recruited 429 participants aged ≥58 years (mean age, 72.91 ± 7.014 years; female proportion, 57.30%), excluding those with dementia, disability, and severe mental illness. Patients were classified into normal cognition, pre‐mild cognitive impairment (pre‐MCI), and MCI according to the normative z‐scores of neuropsychological test battery. The severity of ARHL and tinnitus was measured by pure‐tone audiometry and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory. Cognitive impairment and low functions in specific cognitive domains were used as dependent variables in multiple regression analyses adjusted for covariates.ResultsARHL severity was positively associated with MCI and low executive function, delayed memory, and language function. Only individuals with mild (odds ratio (OR) 1.791; CI, 0.952–3.373; P = 0.071), and moderate and the disaster tinnitus (OR, 2.493; CI, 0.982–6.328; P = 0.055) were marginally associated with increased odds of MCI in model 1. Individuals with ARHL and tinnitus (OR, 3.888, CI = 1.481–10.205; OR, 4.471, CI = 1.636–12.219) were independently associated with high risk for MCI in models 1 and 2.ConclusionsARHL severity and the presentation of ARHL or ARHL with tinnitus were associated with overall cognition. ARHL severity was independently associated with executive function, delayed memory, and language function. The association between tinnitus severity and cognition is not clear. But the group with ARHL and tinnitus is a high‐risk group with cognitive impairment.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT2017K020.