bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeted Enrollment in Russian Universities: Current State, Problems and Solutions
Authors: Ezrokh Yu. S. 
Published: March 2022

Targeted studying in higher educational institutions is a system of training highly qualified personnel at the expense of the budget, with compulsory work at state enterprises, civil service, etc. Within its framework, a targeted (specially quota-based) enrollment of applicants studying at the state expense is carried out. The scientific and applied problem of this study is the insufficient efficiency of the state’s use of the instrument of targeted education in higher education.The goal is to form a set of scientifically grounded proposals to improve the efficiency of using the targeted education system in Russia based on the systematic analysis of the practice of targeted enrollment system functioning at the present stage.The empirical base of the study included the results of the admission campaign in 2021 of the TOP-100 of the leading universities in Russia (according to Forbes magazine). The objects of observation were individual IT and medical areas of training.Results and scientific novelty: on the basis of a systemic analysis, the current state of the targeted education system in domestic universities is comprehensively described, on the basis of which the key problems of its functioning at the present stage are formulated: 1) in most cases, a significantly lower level of educational potential of target students in comparison with ordinary “budget” students; 2) the lack of opportunity for universities to influence the quality of applicants within the target quota; 3) proactive nature of the formation of directions for targeted training; 4) the absence in the public domain of formal criteria that are being used for selecting target areas (in most cases); 5) non-objective criteria for selecting potential target students; 6) constraining the choice of an educational institution by target students; 7) insufficient interest of employing enterprises to the implementation of the selection program of potential target groups; 8) lack of means of control and influence on the learning outcomes on the part of future employers; 9) the lack of data-centricity in organizing the targeted training system functioning in Russia. To overcome them, the article provides recommendations grouped into 4 blocks: 1) increasing the transparency of the system for selecting potential candidates for targeted training; 2) increasing the attractiveness of the target recruitment, entailing an increase in the educational potential of target applicants; 3) improving the quality of training target students; 4) control and strategic development of the targeted enrollment system in Russia.
Prediksi Beban Listrik Dengan Menggunakan Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan Metode Backpropagation
Authors: Rohman Fathur 
Published: March 2022

Listrik merupakan bentuk energi yang mengalir melalui jaringan kabel dan sudah menjadi bagian yang penting bagi kemajuan peradaban manusia di berbagai bidang, baik dalam bidang ekonomi, teknologi, sosial dan budaya, Meningkatnya aktifitas manusia akan mempengaruhi penggunaan listrik. Tingginya kebutuhan energi listrik kepada konsumen mengharuskan produsen menyediakan suplai energi listrik yang handal tetapi tetap ekonomis. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan strategi dan metode untuk penyesuaian antara pembangkitan dan permintaan daya. Hal tersebut dapat dicapai dengan melakukan perencanaan operasi yang baik dan tepat, salah satu langkah perencanaan operasi sistem tenaga listrik yang penting yaitu prediksi kebutuhan beban listrik. Salah satu metode prediksi beban listrik adalah menggunakan JST (Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan). JST merupakan sistem pemroses informasi yang mempunyai karakteristik mirip jaringan syaraf biologi. Pada metode ini digunakan JST dengan algoritma backpropagation dan hasil prediksi diperoleh dengan menambahkan data beban listrik (MW) hari-hari similar yang telah dipilih. Hasil prediksi beban listrik dengan menggunakan Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan metode backpropagation nilai MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) terbesar didapat dengan nilai 4.32 %. Dan nilai MAPE terkecil didapat dengan nilai 2.71 %.
Metodologias ativas: tendências atuais em educação matemática e seu ensino em curso de Pedagogia
Authors: Pereira Carlos Luis , Pereira Marcia Regina Santana 
Published: March 2022

O ensino formal da Educação Matemática na Educação Básica inicia-se na Educação Infantil em seguida no Ensino Fundamental I sendo o seu ensino de competência do profissional com formação nos cursos de Licenciatura em Pedagogia: Na formação inicial é assegurado na organização curricular saberes curriculares e disciplinares sobre os conteúdos de ensino de Matemática desta etapa da Educação Básica. Um dos atuais desafios para melhoria do ensino e aprendizado dos alunos brasileiros em Matemática vem sendo o uso de variadas estratégias metodológicas para o ensino dos conteúdos curriculares, dentre elas à metodologias ativa: Tertúlia Dialógica Pedagógica (TDP), com imbricação das principais tendências nacionais e internacionais em Educação Matemática no processo de ensino- aprendizagem. O caminho metodológico na abordagem da pesquisa qualitativa nos procedimentos da Pesquisa- Ação, realizada no segundo semestre letivo de 2019, com 40 discentes do curso de Pedagogia do Ceuenes/Ufes; Para coleta de dados recorreu-se ao uso de entrevistas semiestruturadas e produção textual individual; Para análise dos dados buscou-se à metodologia da análise textual discursiva. Entre os principais resultados destaca-se o contato no laboratório de Matemática das 39 discentes acerca das principais tendências em Educação Matemática para ensino dos conteúdos previstos; verifica-se potencialidade da metodologia ativa das TDP, para o ensino de Matemática no curso de Pedagogia. Conclui-se que na formação inicial em Pedagogia assegurar o ensino do componente curricular por meio das TDP em tessitura com as tendências atuais em Educação Matemática, configura-se potencializadora prática inovadora para formação matemática destes futuros profissionais no exercício do magistério no Ensino Fundamental I.
Análise dos Requisitos Comuns às Normas ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015 e ISO 45001:2018
Authors: Bittencourt Ricardo Parreira , Nepomuceno Natanne Santana 
Published: March 2022

Uma organização deve ir além de simplesmente oferecer um produto ou prestar um serviço com qualidade para que seja bem-sucedida (Ost & Silveira, 2018). As organizações devem atender às expectativas de seus clientes, realizar a devida gestão dos seus aspectos e impactos ambientais e disponibilizar um ambiente de trabalho seguro e saudável. Neste sentido, a International Organization for Standardization (ISO) estruturou normas para suportar as empresas na estruturação de sistemas de gestão focados em temas específicos, como “Qualidade”, por meio da norma ISO 9001:2015, “Meio Ambiente”, por meio da ISO 14001:2015, e “Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho”, por meio da ISO 45001:2018. Muitas empresas têm optado por integrar estes sistemas, o que caracteriza o estabelecimento de um sistema de gestão integrado (SGI). Com o intuito de suportar as organizações e profissionais que queiram identificar as semelhanças entre estas três normas, demonstrando a viabilidade de se implementar um SGI, esse trabalho visa apresentar os principais critérios comuns às três normas. Cada uma das três normas foi analisada, sendo constatado que todas apresentam o mesmo número de seções, sendo que estas seções possuem nomenclaturas idênticas e diretrizes semelhantes. Considerando o nível de subseção, embora haja particularidades em cada norma, o que é justificável dado que cada uma está focada em um tema em específico, também se percebe que entre elas há muitas semelhanças estruturais. Assim, conclui-se que as três normas dispõem de estrutura similar, o que demonstra a viabilidade de se implementar um SGI em uma organização.
Fatores associados à qualidade de vida em pacientes renais crônicos submetidos à hemodiálise: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Oliveira Kaisy Alves de , Barbosa Natália Mangueira , Mendes Alice Lins de Albuquerque Cavalcanti , Bezerra Rebeka Ellen de Alencar , Uchôa Shirlaynne Medeiros , Norões Maria Eduarda de Alencar Tavares , Rocha Maressa Ferreira de Alencar , Nascimento Breno Matheus Rêgo do , Montenegro Isabely Oliveira , Lucena Alinne Beserra de 
Published: March 2022

Introdução: A qualidade de vida de pacientes hemodialíticos é algo que envolve diferentes fatores, necessitando também de intervenções em distintos aspectos. Sendo assim, o presente estudo objetivou analisar quais os fatores modificadores de qualidade de vida dos pacientes em hemodiálise. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, cuja questão norteadora é ‘’De que forma a hemodiálise influencia a qualidade de vida dos pacientes?’’. Metodologia: O levantamento de bibliografia foi realizado nas bibliotecas eletrônicas e bases de dados: LILACS; MEDLINE; SciELO; BDENF-Enfermagem; BVS e PubMed. Resultados e discussão: Foi possível observar que, normalmente, mulheres, de classe média baixa, e aqueles que não praticam atividade física, são quem menos possuem qualidade de vida. Esses aspectos, entre vários outros, podem ser medidos através de um questionário chamado KDQOL-SF™. A partir do uso dessa escala, é possível caracterizar os problemas que interferem na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos em hemodiálise, possibilitando também a criação de soluções pelos profissionais de saúde. Conclusão: A dieta, a atividade física, a espiritualidade, questões de emprego, renda, autoimagem e alterações de humor são fatores passíveis de mudança ao se vivenciar um processo como a hemodiálise. Dessa forma, salienta-se a importância de orientações, estratégias de apoio e intervenções a partir dos fatores elencados assim como mais evidências científicas que suscitem maior conhecimento acerca dessa temática, bem como, disseminação dessas informações para a população em geral.
HUBUNGAN KONDISI TERUMBU KARANG DENGAN KEPADATAN MEGABENTOS DI PERAIRAN DESA SAWOPUDO, KABUPATEN KONAWE
Authors: Wardana Muhammad Wahyu , Sadarun Baru , Subhan . 
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kondisi terumbu karang dengan kepadatan megabentos di Perairan Desa Sawopudo. Pengambilan data telah dilakukan pada bulan april 2021 bertempat di perairan Desa Sawapudo, Kecamatan Soropia, Kabupaten Konawe. Pengambilan data karang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Line Intercept Transect (LIT) dengan panjang teransek 70 m. Sedangkan data megabentos dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode belt transect dengan panjang teransek 70 m dengan lebar observasi 1 m ke kiri dan kanan garis transek, sehingga luas pemantauan menjadi 140 m. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di Perairan Desa Sawopudo kepadatan megabentos yang tertinggi berada pada stasiun III dengan jumlah kepadatan megabentos dengan kepadatan 0.221 ind/m2. Stasiun I memiliki jumlah kepadatan megabentos terendah yaitu 0.150 ind/m2 dan pada stasiun II memiliki nilai kepadatan megabentos 0.168 ind/m2. Penutupan karang hidup di perairan Sawapudo pada Stasiun I adalah 35%, Stasiun II adalah 69% dan Stasiun III adalah 81%. Persentase tutupan terumbu karang tertinggi pada Stasiun III dengan kategori sangat baik dan terendah pada Stasiun I dengan kategori sedang. Hasil analisis regresi kelimpahan relatif karang hidup dengan kepadatan megabentos diperoleh hubungan y= 0,004x + 0,113, dengan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,902, yang berarti hubungannya keduanya sangat kuat. Nilai koefisien determinansi (R²) = 0,9497 yang berarti bahwa persentase tutupan karang hidup memberikan pengaruh yang cukup signifikan terhadap kelimpahan megabenhos. Nilai korelasi yang didapatkan ini mendekati 1 yang artinya kelimpaha karang hidup memiliki hubungan yang sangat kuat dengan kepadatan megabentos.Kata kunci: Terumbu Karang, Kepadatan, Megabentos
Trends and Outcomes of Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Diabetes in the US
Authors: Khan Sarah , Dargham Soha , Al Suwaidi Jassim , Jneid Hani , Abi Khalil Charbel 
Published: March 2022

AimsWe aimed to assess the trend and outcome of aortic valve replacement in patients with diabetes.BackgroundDiabetes is associated with higher cardiovascular events.MethodsData from the National Inpatient Sample was analyzed between 2012 and 2017. We compared hospitalizations and in-hospital cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes to those without diabetes, hospitalized for aortic valve replacement.ResultsIn diabetes patients undergoing TAVR, the mean age of participants decreased from 79.6 ± 8 to 67.8 ± 8, hospitalizations increased from 0.97 to 7.68/100,000 US adults (p &lt; 0.002 for both). There was a significant temporal decrease in mortality, acute renal failure (ARF), and stroke. Compared to non-diabetic patients, those with diabetes had a higher risk of stroke, ARF, and pacemaker requirement [adjusted OR = 1.174 (1.03–1.34), 1.294 (1.24–1.35), 1.153 (1.11–1.20), respectively], but a similar adjusted mortality risk. In diabetes patients undergoing sAVR, the mean age of participants decreased from 70.4 ± 10 to 68 ± 9 (p &lt; 0.001), hospitalizations dropped from 7.72 to 6.63/100,000 US adults (p = 0.025), so did mortality, bleeding, and ARF. When compared to non-diabetes patients, those with diabetes were older and had a higher adjusted risk of mortality, stroke, and ARF [adjusted OR= 1.115 (1.06–1.17), 1.140 (1.05–1.23), 1.217 (1.18–1.26); respectively].ConclusionThe recent temporal trend of aortic valve replacement in patients with diabetes shows a significant increase in TAVR coupled with a decrease in sAVR. Mortality and other cardiovascular outcomes decreased in both techniques. sAVR, but not TAVR, was associated with higher in-hospital mortality risk.
Association Between METS-IR and Prehypertension or Hypertension Among Normoglycemia Subjects in Japan: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Han Kai-Yue , Gu Jianing , Wang Zhangsheng , Liu Jie , Zou Su , Yang Chen-Xi , Liu Dan , Xu Yingjia 
Published: March 2022

AimOur study aimed to investigate the association between the novel non–insulin‐based metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) index and pre-hypertension (HTN) or HTN in normoglycemia Japanese participants.MethodsThe NAGALA medical examination program at Murakami Memorial Hospital in Gifu, Japan was found in 1994. 15,453 participants enrolled in this program from 2004 to 2015 was included in this retrospective study to explore the association between the METS-IR index and pre-HTN or HTN. Covariates included serum biomarkers and clinicodemographic characteristics. Logistic regression was applied to explore the association between METS-IR level and pre-HTN or HTN.ResultsThis study includes a total of 15453 participants. The prevalence rates of pre-HTN and HTN were 28.55% (4412/15453) and 6.23% (962/15453), respectively. Adjusted for confounding factors in the multivariable logistic regression analysis models, when METS-IR was used as a categorical variable, high METS-IR was significantly associated with both pre-HTN (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.95, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.61–2.36) and HTN (adjusted OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.44–3.11). When METS-IR was used as a continuous variable, each 1 unit increase in METS-IR was associated with a 7% increase in the prevalence of pre-HTN (adjusted OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.06–1.08) and with a 13% increase in the prevalence of HTN (adjusted OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.10–1.16). Stratified analyses indicated a positive correlation between METS-IR and pre-HTN or HTN in normoglycemia subjects with different characteristics.ConclusionsMETS-IR levels are significantly associated with pre-HTN or HTN in normoglycemia individuals in Gifu, Japan. METS-IR may be used as a monitoring indicator for the development of HTN primary prevention and management strategies in the future, but it still needs more research to confirm.
Mechanical Booster Pump-Assisted Thermochemical Mode for Low-Grade Heat Storage and Upgrading: A Thermodynamic Study
Authors: Zeng Tao , Li Jun , Deng Lisheng , He Zhaohong , Kobayashi Noriyuki , Wu Rongjun , Huang Hongyu 
Published: March 2022

To assure stable and dependable functioning of the thermochemical energy storage (TCES) system under unstable low-grade heat temperatures, three mechanical booster pump-assisted TCES (MBP-assisted TCES) modes operating with SrBr2·H2O/H2O, LiOH/H2O, and CaCl2·H2O/H2O are proposed for the application of heat storage and upgrading. The operating modes are the MBP-assisted charging mode (A mode), MBP-assisted discharging mode (B mode), and MBP-assisted charging and discharging mode (C mode). A thermodynamic model is established to evaluate the influences of condensing temperature, compression ratio, MBP isentropic efficiency, and reaction advancement on the heat source temperature and system performance from both energy and exergy perspectives. The results indicate that compared with the other two modes, the B mode is more effective in reducing the heat source temperature and achieving better system performance. Compared to the conventional TCES mode, the proposed modes can operate at lower heat source temperatures that can be minimized by up to 21∼25°C by employing the B mode with a compression ratio of 3.0 at the condensing temperature of 24°C. The B mode with SrBr2·H2O/H2O exhibits the highest energy and exergy efficiencies that the coefficients of performance based on total energy input and electric power consumed (COPtotal and COPelec), and exergy efficiency varies in the range of 0.53∼0.59, 7.4∼19.6, and 0.78∼0.95, respectively. In contrast, CaCl2·H2O/H2O shows the lowest system performance, but a higher heat output temperature can be required. In addition, to maintain the MBP discharge temperature below 180°C, there is a maximum permitted compression ratio that varies depending on the operating modes, operating conditions, and working pairs. The findings of this research can be used as theoretical references and suggestions for selecting MBP-assisted TCES modes, operating conditions, and working pairs for low-grade heat storage and upgrading.
Simulation Study on Lightning Impulse Characteristics of Flexible Graphite Composite Grounding Materials Applied to Grounding Grid of Power System
Authors: Hu Yuanchao , Huang Tao , An Yunzhu , Feng Jianyuan , Cheng Meng , Xie Hongping , Shen Wentao , Du Changqing 
Published: March 2022

The flexible graphite composite grounding electrode is a non-metallic grounding electrode with good electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance and non-ferromagnetic properties. In order to analyze the impulse characteristics of the graphite composite grounding electrode, this paper builds a frequency domain electrical network model and an equivalent radius iterative algorithm, considering skin effect, inductance effect, capacitance effect and spark discharge effect. The impulse characteristics of typical metal grounding electrodes and graphite composite grounding electrodes are analyzed by simulation. The research results show that: Compared with the traditional metal grounding electrode, the graphite composite grounding electrode has a smaller skin and inductance effect under the action of the impulse current, and a better current flowing capability; as the soil resistivity increases, the inductance effect and the skin effect are weakened, while the spark discharge effect is gradually enhanced and dominates. The spark discharge effect can effectively decrease the grounding resistance. The obtained critical value of the normalized parameter of 412 kA Ω, can be taken as the threshold to discriminate the conditions with dominate inductance effect from the conditions with dominant spark discharge effect.
Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Liver Fibrosis in People Living With HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lyu Hang , Tang Haotong , Liang Yizhi , Huang Shaoli , Wang Yuyu , Huang Wenyan , Zhou Yi 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesIt is unclear if a high level of alcohol consumption is a risk factor for liver fibrosis for people living with HIV (PLWH). This study systematically summarizes the risk relationship between different alcohol consumption and the incidence of liver fibrosis among PLWH.MethodsWe identified potential studies by searching the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science Library, and CNKI databases up to September 26th, 2021. Observation studies in PLWH that evaluated the relationship between alcohol consumption and the risk of liver fibrosis and estimated the effect of alcohol with pooled odds ratios (pooled ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were included.ResultsThere were total 15 studies included in data analysis. Three studies were set up as cohort studies and the other twelve were cross-sectional studies. Our study was based on 22,676 individuals and 2,729 liver fibrosis cases from 15 studies. Alcohol abuse is a significant risk factor of liver fibrosis (pooled OR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.59-3.17, p &lt; 0.05) among PLWH. Daily alcohol consumption &gt; 50 g can elevate the risk of liver fibrosis (pooled OR = 3.10, 95% CI: 2.02-4.73, p &lt; 0.05) among PLWH. However, high-risk alcohol consumption determined by AUDIT-C (AUDIT-C ≥ 4) had little or no effect on subsequent liver fibrosis risk. Further, alcohol consumption &gt; 50 g is also a risk factor to liver fibrosis in PLWH co-infected with HCV (pooled OR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.62-3.80, p &lt; 0.05) and in HIV mono-infected (pooled OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.00-3.43, p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionAlcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk of liver fibrosis in PLWH. HCV co-infection with alcohol abuse could possibly induce a higher risk of liver fibrosis than HIV mono-infected patients.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO, identifier (CRD42021272604).