bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anchoring Ru Active Sites on N−CNTs for an Improved One‐pot Cellobiose Conversion
Authors: Guo Zhanglong , Zhou Yanan , Lim San Hua , Chu Wei , Liu Yan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this contribution, N‐doped carbon nanotubes were obtained through nitrogen plasma treatment and used as the anchoring sites for Ru catalysts in one‐pot cellobiose conversion to hexitols. XPS and HR TEM‐EDS analysis revealed a successful introduction of N on CNTs using 300 min nitrogen plasma treatment. Both the activation ability and the amount of activated H2 were improved by the N‐anchored Ru active phase, leading to a much‐enhanced hexitols yield. The hexitols yield reached 91.5% on Ru/CNT−P‐t300 catalyst, being substantially higher than those on Ru/AC (56.84%) and Ru/CNT (76.84%). DFT simulation results verified the enhanced H2 activation ability. The Eb value of the Ru4 cluster binds with (5, 5) CNT and (5, 5) N−CNT was −4.11 and −4.66 eV, respectively, suggesting that the graphitic‐N engaged as the anchoring sites for Ru via strong interaction. The research highlights a green and facile strategy to dope N element as the anchoring sites for noble metal catalyst in improving H2 activation capability for a broad hydrogenation application.
Crystal Structure of N‐(2‐Hydroxynapthylidene)‐L‐isoleucinyl‐4,6‐O‐ethylidene‐β‐D‐glucopyranosylamine and an Insight from Experimental and Theoretical Calculations
Authors: Mishra Santosh K. , Parikh Anuvasita , Rangan Krishnan , Sah Ajay K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDimethyl sulfoxide solution of N‐(2‐hydroxynapthylidene)‐L‐isoleucinyl‐4,6‐O‐ethylidene‐β‐D‐glucopyranosylamine (L1) affords single crystals of its ketoenamine configuration. The noncovalent intermolecular interactions present in the molecules have been explored by Hirshfeld surface analysis and 2D fingerprint plots generated using crystallographic data. The structural parameters of L1 in both the tautomeric forms (ketoenamine and phenolimine) at ground states have been optimized using Hartree–Fock and density functional theory calculations in gaseous and solution phases. The Fourier transform infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and UV–visible spectra of this molecule have been compared with the theoretically calculated data of both the tautomeric forms. Additionally, Mulliken population analysis, molecular electrostatic potential, and natural bond order analysis provide a better understanding of charge distribution, presence of electrophilic/nucleophilic sites, and intramolecular charge transfer, respectively, in the molecule.
The effect of warming on seagrass wasting disease depends on host genotypic identity and diversity
Authors: Schenck Forest R. , DuBois Katherine , Kardish Melissa R. , Stachowicz John J. , Hughes A. Randall 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTemperature increases due to climate change have affected the distribution and severity of diseases in natural systems, causing outbreaks that can destroy host populations. Host identity, diversity, and the associated microbiome can affect host responses to both infection and temperature, but little is known about how they could function as important mediators of disease in altered thermal environments. We conducted an 8‐week warming experiment to test the independent and interactive effects of warming, host genotypic identity, and host genotypic diversity on the prevalence and intensity of infections of seagrass (Zostera marina) by the wasting disease parasite (Labyrinthula zosterae). At elevated temperatures, we found that genotypically diverse host assemblages had reduced infection intensity, but not reduced prevalence, relative to less diverse assemblages. This dilution effect on parasite intensity was the result of both host composition effects as well as emergent properties of biodiversity. In contrast with the benefits of genotypic diversity under warming, diversity actually increased parasite intensity slightly in ambient temperatures. We found mixed support for the hypothesis that a growth–defense trade‐off contributed to elevated disease intensity under warming. Changes in the abundance (but not composition) of a few taxa in the host microbiome were correlated with genotype‐specific responses to wasting disease infections under warming, consistent with the emerging evidence linking changes in the host microbiome to the outcome of host–parasite interactions. This work emphasizes the context dependence of biodiversity–disease relationships and highlights the potential importance of interactions among biodiversity loss, climate change, and disease outbreaks in a key foundation species.
Lithiation‐Functionalisation of Triazoles Bearing Electron‐Withdrawing N‐Substituents: Challenges and Solutions**
Authors: Bugden Frances E. , Clarkson Guy J. , Greenhalgh Mark D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe regioselective lithiation of 1,2,3‐triazoles provides an opportunity to introduce additional functionality, however this simple functionalisation strategy using triazoles bearing electron‐withdrawing N‐substituents has not been investigated until now. Herein, we demonstrate that the lithiated triazole intermediates can readily decompose, even at −78 °C. In addition, lithiation‐deuteration studies reveal lithiation can take place competitively on both the triazole and the electron‐withdrawn aryl ring. Careful control of reaction conditions is therefore required to i) minimise decomposition pathways; and ii) facilitate regioselective functionalisation of the triazole.
Challenges and research agenda for realizing a seamless integration of Digital Shadows into the production domain
Authors: Sapel Patrick , Hopmann Christian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOne vision of industry 4.0 is an autonomous shopfloor configuration. A possibility to transfer this vision to reality is realizable with Digital Shadows. As Digital Shadows are well defined in research, challenges for seamless integration in production are still an open research topic. The main challenge is the enrichment of semantics on the domain in a standardized format that enables multilateral communication between all assets. To overcome these challenge, tools have to be developed to support domain experts in building and integrating Digital Shadows without knowledge of modeling and programming. This article demonstrates the main challenges of this objective and proposes a research agenda to close this research gap.
Chronic acidosis rewires cancer cell metabolism through PPARα signaling
Authors: Rolver Michala G. , Holland Lya K. K. , Ponniah Muthulakshmi , Prasad Nanditha S. , Yao Jiayi , Schnipper Julie , Kramer Signe , Elingaard‐Larsen Line , Pedraz‐Cuesta Elena , Liu Bin , Pardo Luis A. , Maeda Kenji , Sandelin Albin , Pedersen Stine Falsig 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe mechanisms linking tumor microenvironment acidosis to disease progression are not understood. Here, we used mammary, pancreatic, and colon cancer cells to show that adaptation to growth at an extracellular pH (pHe) mimicking acidic tumor niches is associated with upregulated net acid extrusion capacity and elevated intracellular pH at physiological pHe, but not at acidic pHe. Using metabolic profiling, shotgun lipidomics, imaging and biochemical analyses, we show that the acid adaptation‐induced phenotype is characterized by a shift toward oxidative metabolism, increased lipid droplet‐, triacylglycerol‐, peroxisome content and mitochondrial hyperfusion. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐α (PPARA, PPARα) expression and activity are upregulated, at least in part by increased fatty acid uptake. PPARα upregulates genes driving increased mitochondrial and peroxisomal mass and β‐oxidation capacity, including mitochondrial lipid import proteins CPT1A, CPT2 and SLC25A20, electron transport chain components, peroxisomal proteins PEX11A and ACOX1, and thioredoxin‐interacting protein (TXNIP), a negative regulator of glycolysis. This endows acid‐adapted cancer cells with increased capacity for utilizing fatty acids for metabolic needs, while limiting glycolysis. As a consequence, the acid‐adapted cells exhibit increased sensitivity to PPARα inhibition. We conclude that PPARα is a key upstream regulator of metabolic changes favoring cancer cell survival in acidic tumor niches.
Safety, effectiveness, womenʼs experience, and economic costs of outpatient induction in women with uncomplicated pregnancies: A systematic review and meta‐analyses
Authors: Sangskär Heléne , Berglin Lisa , Sengpiel Verena , Svanberg Therese , Svensson Mikael , Berter Beatrice , Elden Helen , Sjögren Petteri , Strandell Annika , Carlsson Ylva 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundInduction of labor is increasing worldwide, and some countries have started to introduce outpatient induction in low‐risk women.ObjectivesTo assess current knowledge concerning the safety, efficacy, women's experience, and economic costs of outpatient induction compared with inpatient induction.Search strategyMultiple databases were last searched on October 19, 2021. Studies were selected according to our pre‐specified inclusion, selection, and exclusion criteria.Selection criteriaPICO; P—women with low‐risk pregnancy planned for induction of labor. I—Outpatient induction C—Inpatient induction O—Outcomes according to the core outcome set for induction of labor (COSIOL).Data collection and analysisPooled in meta‐analyses. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE system.Main resultsThe 20 included studies, including 7956 women, showed an overall low incidence of adverse events and indicated comparable results for inpatient and outpatient induction, but the studies were underpowered for safety‐related outcomes. Women's experiences of outpatient induction were mostly positive. Based on three studies, the economic costs consequence is inconclusive.ConclusionsDue to early randomization, heterogenic study design, and underpowered studies regarding safety outcome, the certainty of evidence is very low. It is uncertain whether outpatient induction affects the risk for neonatal and maternal complications.
What Is the Role of Sex‐Related Differences in the Effectiveness and Safety of Biological Drugs Used in Patients With Severe Asthma?
Authors: Pelaia Corrado , Casarella Alessandro , Pelaia Giulia , Marcianò Gianmarco , Rania Vincenzo , Muraca Lucia , Cione Erika , Bianco Luigi , Palleria Caterina , D'Agostino Bruno , Mazzuca Daniela , De Sarro Giovambattista , Mizio Giulio Di , Gallelli Luca 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBiological drugs are used to treat severe asthma with an improvement of clinical symptoms. Data on sex difference of these drugs in patients with severe asthma are sparse. This study aimed to assess the effects of sex‐related differences on biological drugs in patients with severe asthma. In this observational, open‐label, prospective, noncontrolled, single‐center cohort pilot study, we enrolled adult patients aged >18 years diagnosed with severe asthma and not previously treated with biological drugs. The first clinical end point was the statistical difference (P < .05) in the efficacy of biological drugs evaluated using the asthma control test and spirometry between sexes. The first safety end point was the statistical difference (P < .05) in developing adverse drug reactions between sexes. We enrolled 74 patients with severe asthma (48 women and 26 men) with a mean age of 59.4 (standard deviation, 11.8) years. The mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second was 6.9 (standard deviation, 13.9) for women and 9.4 (standard deviation, 10.7) for men and improved significantly after the treatment (P < .01), with no significant differences in sex (P = .8). Similarly, the asthma control test improved 12 months after the beginning of the treatment without significant differences between men and women (P = .5). The most common drug used was omalizumab (45.9% of the patients;P < .01) without significant differences between sex (P > .05). We did not observe the development of adverse drug reactions during the study. In conclusion, in asthmatic patients, sex does not have a role in either the effectiveness or safety of biological drugs.
PET‐MRI of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Whittington Beth , Dweck Marc R. , van Beek Edwin J.R. , Newby David , Williams Michelle C. 
Published: December 2022

Simultaneous positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (PET‐MRI) combines the anatomical detail and tissue characterization of MRI with the functional information from PET. Within the coronary arteries, this hybrid technique can be used to identify biological activity combined with anatomically high‐risk plaque features to better understand the processes underlying coronary atherosclerosis. Furthermore, the downstream effects of coronary artery disease on the myocardium can be characterized by providing information on myocardial perfusion, viability, and function. This review will describe the current capabilities of PET‐MRI in coronary artery disease and discuss the limitations and future directions of this emerging technique.Level of Evidence5Technical EfficacyStage 3
Optimal planning of hybrid energy storage systems in traction power supply system with railway power conditioner
Authors: Wang Meng , Liang Zongyou , Fu Haochun , Deng Hao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe railway power conditioner (RPC) is a promising technology to improve the regenerative braking energy (RBE) utilization and power quality of the traction power supply system (TPSS). The hybrid energy storage systems (HESS) play a key role in the economic operation of TPSS due to the high cost of the system. The capacity and power of HESS are the critical issues affecting the system performance and cost. Therefore, a hierarchical energy management model is proposed to optimize the HESS sizing and the scheduling of TPSS with RPC. At the master level, a nonlinear mathematical model is built to minimize the HESS cost, which includes capital cost, replacement cost, and recovery cost. At the slave level, considering voltage unbalance as a constraint, a mixed‐integer linear programming model is established to minimize the electricity cost of railway operation. In order to solve the hierarchical nonlinear programming problem, an improved particle Swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm with a GUROBI solver embedded is proposed. Finally, the results show that the 14.08% cost reduction is achieved, and the standard limit value of voltage unbalance is satisfied.
Degradation of deoxynivalenol in wheat by double dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma: identification and pathway of degradation products
Authors: Zhang Min , Ye Zhumiao , Xing Changrui , Chen HongJuan , Zhang Jianhao , Yan Wenjing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundDeoxynivalenol (DON) produced during the onset of fusarium head blight not only affects the quality and safety of wheat but also causes serious harm to human and livestock health. However, due to the high stability of DON, it is difficult to eliminate it or reduce it naturally after it has been produced. Cold plasma technology is a non‐thermophysical processing technology that has been widely used for microbial inactivation and mycotoxin degradation. In this study, the degradation efficiency of double dielectric barrier discharge (DDBD) cold plasma on DON in aqueous solution and wheat was studied; the structures of degradation products of DON and its pathway were clarified, and the effect of DDBD plasma on wheat quality was evaluated.ResultsDouble dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma was used for efficient degradation of DON (0.5 ~ 5 μgmL^‐1) solution and achieved a degradation rate of 98.94% within 25 min under the optimal conditions (voltage 100 V, frequency 200 Hz, duty cycle 80%). Furthermore, 10 degradation products (C15H24O5, C15H22O6, C15H22O9, C16H22O7, C15H20O7, C15H20O9, C15H18O8, C15H22O5, C16H24O5, and C15H18O9) were identified by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐time of flight‐mass spectrometry (UPLC‐TOF‐MS/MS) combined with Metabolitepilot and Peakview software. The degradation pathway of DON was obtained based on the chemical structures and accurate mass of these products. The DON degradation rate of 61% in wheat was achieved after treatment for 15 min, which slightly affects the moisture content, proteins, and wheat starch.ConclusionApplying DDBD to wheat could effectively reduce the level of DON contamination, which provides a theoretical basis for applying cold plasma to the degradation of DON in wheat. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Subwavelength Grating Metamaterial Waveguides and Ring Resonators on a Silicon Nitride Platform
Authors: Naraine Cameron M. , Westwood‐Bachman Jocelyn N. , Horvath Cameron , Aktary Mirwais , Knights Andrew P. , Schmid Jens H. , Cheben Pavel , Bradley Jonathan D. B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSubwavelength grating (SWG) metamaterial waveguides and ring resonators on a silicon nitride platform are proposed and demonstrated. The SWG waveguide is engineered such that a large overlap of 53% of the Bloch mode with the top cladding material is achieved, demonstrating excellent potential for applications in evanescent field sensing and light amplification. The devices, which have critical dimensions greater than 100 nm, are fabricated using a commercial rapid turn‐around silicon nitride prototyping foundry process using electron beam lithography. Experimental characterization of the fabricated device reveals excellent ring resonator internal quality factor (2.11 × 105) and low propagation loss (≈1.5 dB cm−1) in the C‐band, a significant improvement of both parameters compared to silicon‐based SWG ring resonators. These results demonstrate the promising prospects of SWG metamaterial structures for silicon nitride based photonic integrated circuits.
Negative experiences with public bathrooms and chronic illness‐related shame
Authors: Corradi Guido , Leon Leticia , Theirs Cecilia , García‐Garzón Eduardo , Clemente Daniel , Barrada Juan Ramon 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe use of public bathrooms is a challenge for everyone, but especially for those who are affected by a bathroom‐dependent condition. Being dependent on bathrooms is linked with different negative emotions. One of them is a clinically relevant emotion: shame associated with the chronic condition.Materials and MethodsIn a cross‐sectional survey study (n = 193) of people who suffer a bathroom‐dependent condition we asked about health conditions, well‐being, and shame related to chronic condition outcomes.ResultsWe show a link between negative public bathroom experiences, and diminished well‐being and feelings of shame related to chronic illness. We found that this relationship between negative experiences with public bathrooms and shame is not specific to the different conditions.ConclusionWe conclude that the negative experiences which people with different gastrointestinal illnesses face is an environmental stressor associated with more embarrassment as a result of the condition suffered.
New polyurethanes containing cycloaliphatic units in the hard segments. The influence of the microstructure on the thermo‐mechanical and surface properties
Authors: Potolinca Violeta Otilia , Oprea Stefan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNew linear and cross‐linked polyurethanes with cycloaliphatic units and renewable cross‐linkers (Span 20 and Tween 20) were obtained by two steps polyaddition reaction. The degree of microphase separation was calculated by FTIR‐ATR spectroscopy with higher values for the linear polyurethane with the highest hard segment content (0.88) and lower values for the cross‐linked polyurethane with Tween 20 as cross‐linker (0.35). The results were in accordance with the DSC analysis. The linear or cross‐linked character of the polyurethane structure influenced the thermal, mechanical, and surface properties. The obtained polyurethanes had good thermal stability, with a 5% mass loss at 321°C (HMC 1) and 329°C (HMC 2) for linear polyurethanes and 330°C (HMC 3) and 342°C (HMC 4) for the cross‐linked ones. The morphology and wettability of the cycloaliphatic polyurethanes presented different behavior depending on the amount of the hard segment content and also the chemical structure of the cross‐linker. Linear polyurethanes were characterized by a globular morphology and hydrophobic character, while the use of Tween 20 as cross‐linker led to a fibrillar morphology with a low water contact angle (62°). Mechanical measurements showed that all polyurethanes present elastomeric behavior with high tensile strength values for the linear polyurethanes (33 MPa for HMC 1 and 39 MPa for HMC 2) and lower values of tensile strength for the cross‐linked ones (12 MPa for HMC 3 and 11 MPa for HMC 4), but high elongation at break for all samples (780%–1100%).
Pharmacogenetics of warfarin and healthcare costs – Real‐world data analysis
Authors: Lähteenmäki Jaakko , Vuorinen Anna‐Leena , Lehto Mika , Niemi Mikko , Forsberg Markus M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeVariants in CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genes have been associated with individuals' sensitivity to warfarin. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences of healthcare costs of genetically normal and genetically sensitive warfarin responder groups.MethodsThis was a retrospective study linking genotype data from three Finnish biobanks (THL Biobank, Auria Biobank, Helsinki Biobank) with healthcare encounter data of the Finnish Institute of Health and Welfare (THL), drug dispensation data from the Social Insurance Institution of Finland (Kela) and laboratory data from Finnish hospital districts and municipalities. We compared the normal and sensitive warfarin responder groups in terms of healthcare costs related to bleeding and thromboembolic events, INR tests and medication purchases.ResultsWe found a trend towards increased bleeding‐related hospital costs in the sensitive warfarin responder group (881 patients) when compared with the normal responders (1627 patients) with a per patient difference of 150.9 €/year (95% CI: −55.1, 414.6 €/year, p = 0.087). INR test costs were higher in the sensitive responder group with a difference of 7.2 €/year (95% CI: −1.5, 16.4 €/year, p = 0.047). Medication costs were significantly lower in the sensitive responder group with a difference of −14.4 €/year (95% CI: −15.8, −12.9 €/year, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe difference in the costs of bleeding‐related hospitalization between genetically sensitive and normal warfarin responders may justify genotype‐guided warfarin dosing. Further studies with larger sample sizes would be needed to verify the result.
Cefazolin in the treatment of central nervous system infections: A narrative review and recommendation
Authors: Antosz Kayla , Battle Sarah , Chang Jack , Scheetz Marc H. , Al‐Hasan Majdi , Bookstaver P. Brandon 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInfections of the central nervous system (CNS) are complex to treat and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Historically, antistaphylococcal penicillins such as nafcillin were recommended for the treatment of methicillin‐susceptible staphylococcal CNS infections. However, the use of antistaphylococcal penicillins presents challenges, such as frequent dosing administration and adverse events with protracted use. This narrative reviews available clinical and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) data for cefazolin in CNS infections and produces a recommendation for use. Based on the limited available evidence analyzed, dose optimized cefazolin is likely a safe and effective alternative to antistaphylococcal penicillins for a variety of CNS infections due to methicillin‐susceptible Staphylococcus aureus. Given the site of infection and wide therapeutic index of cefazolin, practitioners may consider dosing cefazolin regimens of 2 g IV every 6 h or a continuous infusion of 8–10 g daily instead of 2 g IV every 8 h to optimize PK/PD properties.