bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gray matter abnormalities in a drug resistant patient with early-onset schizophrenia: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Pitzianti Mariabernarda , Fagioli Sabrina , Muti Marco , Bartolucci Elisa , Rapaccini Valentina , Principi Massimo , Spiridigliozzi Simonetta , Pasini Augusto 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction. Neuroimaging studies have shown the presence of structural and functional brain anomalies at different stages of Schizophrenia. Structural and functional abnormalities affect the candidate brain areas for Schizophrenia and are associated with significant cognitive and behavioral impairment. Early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) is associated with poorer outcome if not diagnosed early and treated continuously. Case presentation. We propose a detailed description of the volumetric variations in a 15-year-old female patient with Early-Onset Schizophrenia who developed drug resistance, and an overview of the main structural abnormalities reported in Schizophrenia. Moreover, we discuss the antipsychotic treatment effects and propose the possible consequences of drug resistance. Our clinical case shows a peculiar trend of volumetric variations probably due to drug resistance; furthermore, scientific findings converge on the presence of structural brain abnormalities at any age in Schizophrenia. Conclusion. Based on the available findings so far, it is possible to affirm that, the antipsychotic treatment with atypical neuroleptics (especially if started early and effective on the first episode) might influence the development trajectories of cerebral nervous system in Early-Onset Schizophrenia.
Clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with glioblastoma with infratentorial leptomeningeal dissemination
Authors: Kawauchi Daisuke , Ohno Makoto , Honda-Kitahara Mai , Miyakita Yasuji , Takahashi Masamichi , Yanagisawa Shunsuke , Tamura Yukie , Kikuchi Miyu , Ichimura Koichi , Narita Yoshitaka 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Leptomeningeal dissemination (LMD) is a severe complication of glioblastoma (GBM) and has become a more common and indispensable clinical proposition with improved patient prognosis. Although infratentorial leptomeningeal dissemination (ITD) of GBM is rare, it is clinically significant as it may largely influence patient prognosis. Here, we investigated the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with ITD.
Methods
Data of patients with newly diagnosed isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype GBM treated at our institution between October 2008 and December 2018 were reviewed. ITD was defined as the dissemination of GBM, which first emerged as a supratentorial tumor, and later disseminated in the infratentorial region as the first recurrent site.
Results
Of 160 patients with newly diagnosed IDH-wildtype GBM, seven (4.4%) were classified as having ITD. ITD lesions were in the fourth ventricle in two patients, extra-cerebellum or extra-brainstem in two, and intra-cerebellum in three. The primary symptoms of ITD were gait disturbance (85.7%, n = 6), nausea and vomiting (28.6%, n = 2), cerebellar mutism (14.3%, n = 1), and none (14.3%, n = 1). In four cases (57.1%), symptoms were confirmed before ITD discovery. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of the patients were 12.2 and 19.7 months, respectively. Radiotherapy was performed in five patients, and all the patients received chemotherapy. The PFS and OS from ITD diagnosis were 2.9 and 7.1 months, respectively. Patients with favorable prognoses were younger and had higher Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores.
Conclusions
Radiotherapy or molecular-targeted therapy may be effective in some cases of ITD and may contribute to extending survival. Carefully checking the infratentorial region of patients with GBM during follow-up and rapidly treating ITD before their KPS score starts declining are crucial.
Why Economists Disagree: An Illustration of Irreconcilability Using the US State Level Unemployment Rate Data
Authors: Luitel Hari Sharan , Mahar Gerry J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In the literature, the unemployment rate has been explained by two hypotheses: the natural rate hypothesis vs. the hysteresis hypothesis. The former hypothesis refers to the rate of unemployment towards which the economy naturally gravitates in the long run. The latter hypothesis refers to the long-lasting effects of shocks on the unemployment rate. We test these two competing hypotheses using conventional unit root tests on the US unemployment rate at the state level and provide empirical evidence for both the hysteresis and the natural rate hypotheses. We then explain why reconciliation of opposite views regarding the unemployment rate is unlikely.JEL Classification: C22, C23, E24, J64
Quad Element Beamforming Microstrip Antenna for Indoor User Equipment Localization at 6 Ghz Band
Authors: Govindasami Thirunavukkarasu , Govindasamy Murugesan , Aziz Azrina Abd , S Kowsikkumar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Beamforming is one of the vibrant emerging techniques for the next generation of wireless communication. It has many applications including localization of objects in indoor and outdoor environment, radar, D2D communication, vehicular networks, astronomy, and biomedical instruments. The main requirements of beamforming are the antenna with narrow beamwidth and a network for steering the beam in the desired direction. In this paper, a Quad-element microstrip array antenna with H-type feeding and corporate feeding are proposed as beamforming antennas to locate the user equipment in indoor WiFi, and WLAN environment. The performance metrics such as, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), return loss and gain are also evaluated for the variety of arrangement of array elements with the single element microstrip antenna. The test result shows that the proposed array antenna provides unidirectional at 2.26 GHz and 6.35 GHz. It measures a VSWR of less than 2 dB which is desirable. Moreover, it gives a return loss of -12.63 dB at 6.54 GHz and -16.21 dB at 6.63 GHz. It shows that designed antenna is suitable for beamforming for user equipment localization at indoor environment.
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adult with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: Case report
Authors: GUPTA ANIRBAN , Pandey Sudheer , Dhull Pawan , Sr Amit , Barki Satish , Kumar Krishna , Kompella Kiran Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination is a known complication. However, longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) as a manifestation of MIS-A after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination has not been reported before.Case presentation: 38-year old female, known case of hypothyroidism with history of mild SARS-Cov-2 infection in May 2021 and recent second dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (on 1st November 2021, COVISHIELD TM Oxford/Astra Zeneca) presented with acute onset progressive flaccid quadriparesis with bowel and bladder involvement since 26th December 2021. Over next 3 days she developed fever, maculopapular rash , shock, myocarditis, breathlessness, Jaundice, acute kidney injury. Investigations revealed polymorphonuclear leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, deranged Liver and renal function , severe left ventricular dysfunction. C reactive protein, D-dimer, procalcitonin, Interleukin-6 levels were raised. MRI whole spine revealed LETM from C6 to conus medullaris. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2 infection was negative. SARS-CoV-2 antibody titre was raised. Diagnosed as a case of MIS-A with LETM. Managed with ventilatory and ionotropic support, Intravenous Iimmunoglobulin, antibiotics, hemodialysis and intravenous methyl prednisolone and oral steroid. Improved gradually and discharged. Presently patient has grade 5/5 power in both upper limbs and 2/5 power in both lower limbs with improving bowel and bladder control.Conclusions: This is the first reported case of LETM associated with MIS-A after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. With wider availability of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, various side effects are emerging. However as these side effects are rare, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination represents the hope for mankind to overcome this global pandemic.
A robust ensemble drought index: construction and assessment
Authors: Mi Qianchuan , Ren Chuanyou , Wang Yanhua , Gao Xining , Liu Limin , Li Yue 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Drought indices have been commonly used in drought monitoring and assessments, but selecting the most appropriate one under different geographical and climatic conditions is difficult. With the widely used Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), and Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), self-calibrated Palmer Drought Severity Index (scPDSI), Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) using the Thornthwaite and the Penman-Monteith methods, we constructed a multi-timescale integrated drought index, the Ensemble Drought Index (EDI), for more robust and reliable drought assessments. The EDI can more accurately describe the major historical drought events, and has high, as well as significant, correlation with historical monthly soil moisture and annual runoff data all over China regardless of difference in region among those indices participating in integration. We also showed that the EDI greatly improved monitoring accuracy in the arid and semi-arid regions of China, where the assessments are always thorny. At the meantime, we revealed how the reference period of fitting statistical parameters affects the accuracy of drought assessments, and concluded that the long-term stationary climate variables series (i.e., without trend) can bring more accurate conclusions.
Alternative splicing and genetic variation of MHC-E: Implications for rhesus cytomegalovirus-based vaccines
Authors: Brochu Hayden , Wang Ruihan , Tollison Tammy , Pyo Chu-Woo , Thomas Alexander , Tseng Elizabeth , Law Lynn , Picker Louis , Gale Michael , Geraghty Daniel , Peng Xinxia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV)-based vaccination against Simian Immunodeficiency virus (SIV) elicits MHC-E-restricted CD8 + T cells that stringently control SIV infection in ~ 55% of vaccinated rhesus macaques (RM). However, it is unclear how accurately the RM model reflects HLA-E immunobiology in humans. Using long-read sequencing, we identified 16 Mamu-E isoforms and all Mamu-E splicing junctions were detected among HLA-E isoforms in humans. We also obtained the complete Mamu-E genomic sequences covering the full coding regions of 59 RM from a RhCMV/SIV vaccine study. The Mamu-E gene was duplicated in 32 (54%) of 59 RM. Among four groups of Mamu-E alleles: three ~ 5% divergent full-length allele groups (G1, G2, G2_LTR) and a fourth monomorphic group (G3) with a deletion encompassing the canonical Mamu-E exon 6, the presence of G2_LTR alleles was significantly (p = 0.02) associated with the lack of RhCMV/SIV vaccine protection. These genomic resources will facilitate additional MHC-E targeted translational research.
A Novel Intelligent Channel Estimation Strategy for the 5G Wireless Communication Systems
Authors: Lakshmi Maddala Vijaya , Lakshmi Meeniga Vijaya , Naveena Ambidi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, the Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is an important method used in wireless communications, especially in 5G cellular communications. As in a wireless network, the input signals pass through a channel, and the input signal undergoes phase shift, attenuation, and interference. So, the password from the user side and the received signals are not the same. Thus, an effective channel estimator is essential to make cellular communication better. Hence, a novel hybrid technique called Chimp-based CatBoost channel estimation (CbCBCE) was proposed. This technique is the combination of the Chimp optimization algorithm and CatBoost algorithm. The channel parameters are estimated and then reduced using the Chimp optimization algorithm. Finally, the proposed model is validated with the case study. Then, the result of the proposed model was estimated, and it was compared with other existing techniques. It is observed that the outcome of the proposed design is more compared with the other conventional methods. The presented model is executed in the MATLAB platform, and it is proved that the proposed model has high throughput, high energy efficiency, less BER, and a high data transfer rate.
Reproducibility and Repeatability of a Semi-Automated Pipeline to Quantify Trapeziometacarpal Joint Angles Using Dynamic Computed Tomography
Authors: Kuczynski Michael T. , Wang Kendra , Tse Justin J. , Bugajski Tomasz , Manske Sarah L. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint is a mechanically complex joint and is commonly affected by musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoarthritis. Quantifying in vivo TMC joint biomechanics, such as joint angles, with traditional reflective marker-based methods can be difficult due to the joint’s location in the hand. Dynamic computed tomography (CT) can facilitate the quantification of TMC joint angles by continuously capturing three-dimensional volumes over time. However, post-processing of dynamic CT datasets can be time intensive and automated methods are needed to reduce processing times to allow for application to larger clinical studies. The purpose of this work is to introduce a fast, semi-automated pipeline to quantify joint angles from dynamic CT scans of the TMC joint and evaluate the associated error in joint angle computation by means of a reproducibility and repeatability study.
Methods
Ten cadaveric hands were scanned with dynamic CT using a passive motion device to move thumbs in a radial abduction-adduction motion. Static CT scans and high-resolution peripheral quantitative CT scans were also acquired to generate high-resolution bone meshes. Abduction-adduction, flexion-extension, and axial rotation angles were computed using a joint coordinate system. Reproducibility and repeatability were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman analysis, and root mean square errors. Target registration errors were computed to evaluate errors associated with image registration.
Results
Repeatability was found to be moderate to excellent for flexion-extension and abduction-adduction, and poor to excellent for axial rotation. Reproducibility was poor to excellent for all three angles. Specimens with greater joint degeneration had lower repeatability and reproducibility. We found that the difference in resulting joint angles were likely due to differences in segment coordinate system definition between multiple raters, rather than due to registration errors.
Conclusions
The proposed semi-automatic processing pipeline was fast, repeatable, and moderately reproducible when quantifying TMC joint angles. This work provides a range of errors for TMC joint angles from dynamic CT scans using manually selected anatomical landmarks.
Amelioration of injury-induced tissue acidosis by a nonsteroidal analgesic attenuates antinociceptive effects of the pH-dependent opioid agonist NFEPP
Authors: Celik Melih Özgür , Negrete Roger , Rosso Riccardo Di , Machelska Halina , Stein Christoph 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Opioid agonists are powerful drugs for managing pain. However, their central side effects are limiting their use and drugs with similar potency, but a lower risk profile are needed. (±)-N-(3-fluoro-1-phenethylpiperidine-4-yl)-N-phenylpropionamide (NFEPP) is a novel opioid agonist that preferentially activates opioid receptors at acidic extracellular pH. NFEPP was designed to activate peripheral opioid receptors in injured tissue, therefore precluding side effects elicited at normal pH in brain or intestinal wall. Considering the common combination of opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in multimodal analgesia, we investigated the interaction between NFEPP and a widely prescribed prototypical NSAID, diclofenac (DCF), in a rat model of unilateral hindpaw inflammation induced by complete Freund’s adjuvant. We evaluated the effects of systemically applied DCF on the paw tissue pH, on the expression of inflammatory mediators in immune cells from inflamed paws and on the expression of opioid receptors in dorsal root ganglia. Additionally, we investigated the antinociceptive efficacy of NFEPP injected into the inflamed paws after DCF treatment. We found that DCF reduced inflammation-induced nociceptive responses and tissue acidosis, but did not change the mRNA expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-4, NGF, or of mu-, delta-, or kappa-opioid receptors. The treatment with DCF moderately reduced the antinociceptive efficacy of NFEPP, suggesting a correlation between an increase in local tissue pH and the decreased antinociceptive effect of this pH-sensitive opioid agonist.
ALDH2 knockout played a protective role in the aorta dissection.
Authors: Luo Chentao , Zhou Bing , Cui Yong , Liu Zhifang , Wang Shuwei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The incidence and mortality of thoracic aortic dissection(TAD) are increasing. In clinicopathological studies, macrophage, T lymphocytes and dendritic cells were found infiltrating in the aortic middle layer. Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2) gene polymorphism is associated with high incidence of hypertension in Asian populations. However, there is no clear evidence of the relationship between ALDH2 and TAD in Asians. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of aortic dissection in different ALDH2 genotypes and explore changes in the vascular wall.
Materials and methods
Three-week-old male mice were administered by freshly prepared β-aminopropionitrile(BAPN) solution dissolved in drinking water(1 g/kg/d) for 28 days to induce TAD. The animal ultrasound imaging system was used to observe the formation of arterial dissection. Subsequently, mice were killed by cervical dislocation. The aortic were fixed for HE staining and EVG staining to observe the aortic elastic fiber tears and pseudoluma formation under the microscope.
Results
Knockout(KO) of ALDH2 mitigated BAPN-induced TAD formation in animal studies. Ultrasound results showed that ALDH2 knockout reduced the degree of ascending aortic widening and the incidence of aortic dissection rupture. Pathological sections of multiple aortic segments showed that the protective effect of ALDH2 knockout included not only the ascending aorta but also the aortic arch and descending aorta. The expressions of NK CD56bright cells, Th17 cells, T cells and T helper cells were decreased in the ALDH2 KO mice treated with BAPN for 28 days.
Conclusions
ALDH2 knockout played a protective role in the aorta dissection by altering inflammatory response, immune response and protecting elastic fibers.
Cephy: a stand-alone, free and open-source toolkit for hydrocarbon in place evaluation by ordinary kriging
Authors: Mulekya Patient K. , Kabasele Ilunga , Numbi Kasongo , Nwankwo Princess C. , Babalola Tomisin B. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Cephy is a software toolkit written in Java that enables the user to perform spatial interpolation of subsurface data by ordinary kriging. Key features of the software include data exploration by map plot with symbol dimension proportional to the magnitude of the property at a given location; variogram modeling and interpolation of petrophysical properties; as well as oil in place estimation per area unit throughout the reservoir. Cephy enables the user to define the tolerance and the minimum number of pairs required to validate the experimental variogram of the corresponding lag distance when learning the relationship between geolocated data. The software is entirely made of a graphical user interface for adjusting the variogram modeling parameters and visualizing the subsequent interpolationally-generated map. Cephy is applied on Kinkasi reservoir in Kinkasi field (Coastal basin of DR Congo) to demonstrate its functionalities. The result supports a better understanding of oil distribution throughout the reservoir and can be used as a baseline for the suggestion of new infill drilling locations.
Characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers for the Japanese endangered land snail Mandarina
Authors: Nishida Shu , Mimura Kotaro , Mori Hideaki , Chiba Satoshi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective: Mandarina is an endangered land snail genus of the oceanic Ogasawara archipelago. On Chichijima Island, the largest inhabited island in Ogasawara, this genus is almost extinct in the wild due to predation by invasive species. Although ex situ conservation programs started in 2010, genetic diversity and population structure remain unclear due to a lack of genetic markers with sufficient genetic variation. In this study, we designed polymorphic microsatellite markers of Mandarina to enable genetic analysis and to develop appropriate conservation plans.Results: Twenty-three polymorphic microsatellite markers were identified from the genomic DNA of wild samples of Mandarina mandarina. We assessed the genetic diversity of each marker. In 16 markers, neither linkage disequilibrium nor deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was detected. These 16 markers were tested for multiplex PCR using low-density DNA extracted non-lethally from captive samples of M. mandarina, M. chichijimana and M. suenoae. Of the 16 markers, 15, 12 and 9 were usable for multiplex PCR, respectively. Genetic analysis using these microsatellite loci will be an important resource for the conservation of Mandarina.
Filtration and respiration responses of mussels (Mytilus edulis) to trematode parasite infections (Renicola roscovita) and transient heat exposure
Authors: khosravi Maral , Thieltges David , Díaz-Morales Dakeishla M , Bommarito Claudia , Vajedsamiei Jahangir 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
As a foundation species in shallow-water ecosystems, the mussel Mytilus edulis is often exposed to heat stress, negatively affecting its performance. Trematode parasites may exacerbate those effects. This study explores mussel metabolic responses to Renicola roscovita infections under mild and transient heat exposures. First, we investigated the responses of artificially infected and uninfected small mussels (2 cm) to a 24-hour exposure to a mild temperature followed by an acute heat ramp and subsequent cooling. The results indicated that infections reduced mussel filtration by 13% and exacerbated the impact of heat stress, as indicated by a larger infection effect in the post-heat recovery phase. However, these effects were statistically insignificant, owing to significant variation among mussels and low sample sizes. In a second experiment, we investigated how mussel size (2 vs 4 cm) affected infection impacts on mussel performance at a constant mild temperature. We found that infections reduced mussel filtration by 11% and 12% for small and large mussels, respectively, albeit statistically significant only for large mussels. No discernible impact on the mussel respiration rate was found in both experiments. A positive relationship between mussel filtration capacity and infection intensity was found, suggesting that mussel phenotypes with higher filtration capacity may be more prone to infections. Overall, our results suggest that R. roscovita infections can lower the hosts’ ability to sustain optimal energy supply, which may exacerbate heat stress adverse effects. The role of mussel phenotypic variation in filtration capacity in driving infection intensity and subsequent effects warrants further investigation.