bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjusting the 3d Orbital Occupation of Ti in Ti3C2 MXene via Nitrogen Doping to Boost Oxygen Electrode Reactions in Li–O2 Battery
Authors: Xu Haoyang , Zheng Ruixin , Du Dayue , Ren Longfei , Wen Xiaojuan , Wang Xinxiang , Tian Guilei , Shu Chaozhu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRationally designing efficient catalysts is the key to promote the kinetics of oxygen electrode reactions in lithium‐oxygen (Li‐O2) battery. Herein, nitrogen‐doped Ti3C2 MXene prepared via hydrothermal method (N‐Ti3C2(H)) is studied as the efficient Li‐O2 battery catalyst. The nitrogen doping increases the disorder degree of N‐Ti3C2(H) and provides abundant active sites, which is conducive to the uniform formation and decomposition of discharge product Li2O2. Besides, density functional theory calculations confirm that the introduction of nitrogen can effectively modulate the 3d orbital occupation of Ti in N‐Ti3C2(H), promote the electron exchange between Ti 3d orbital and O 2p orbital, and accelerate oxygen electrode reactions. Specifically, the N‐Ti3C2(H) based Li‐O2 battery delivers large discharge capacity (11 679.8 mAh g−1) and extended stability (372 cycles). This work provides a valuable strategy for regulating 3d orbital occupancy of transition metal in MXene to improve the catalytic activity of oxygen electrode reactions in Li‐O2 battery.
Microparticle Impact Testing at High Precision, Higher Temperatures, and with Lithographically Patterned Projectiles
Authors: Reiser Alain , Schuh Christopher A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the first decade of high‐velocity microparticle impact research, hardly any modification of the original experimental setup has been necessary. However, future avenues for the field require advancements of the experimental method to expand both the impact variables that can be quantitatively assessed and the materials and phenomena that can be studied. This work explores new design concepts for the launch pad (the assembly that launches microparticles upon laser ablation) that can address the root causes of many experimental challenges that may limit the technique in the future. Among the design changes contemplated, the substitution of a stiff glass launch layer for the standard elastomeric polymer layer offers a number of improvements. First, it facilitates a reduction of the gap between launch pad and target from hundreds to tens of micrometers and thus unlocks a reproducibility in targeting a specific impact location better than the diameter of the test particle itself (±1.75 µm for SiO2 particles 7.38 µm in diameter). Second, the inert glass surface enables experiments at higher temperatures than previously possible. Finally—as demonstrated by the launch of thin‐film Au disks—a launch pad made of materials standard in microfabrication paves the way to facile microfabrication of advanced impactors.
Laminar flow in epicycloidal corrugated pipes
Authors: Lekner John 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDoes longitudinal surface corrugation or roughness affect viscous fluid flow? To answer this question, we study viscous flows through the entire family of pipes with epicycloidal walls, which have n cusps, . We find that the flow becomes insensitive to the longitudinal wall corrugations due to the epicycloidal cusps as : surface roughness of the walls does not affect the flow if it is longitudinal. Exact flows in these corrugated pipes are compared with three ‘rules of thumb’ which give general but approximate formulae for the rate of flow through a pipe of given cross‐sectional shape. Upper and lower bounds on flow, based on circumscribed and inscribed circular boundaries, give even better estimates than the three rules of thumb. All the flow formulae, exact and approximate, apply also to the twisting of solid beams.
(In)Visible signatures of the minimal dark abelian gauge sector
Authors: Foguel Ana Luisa , Salla Gabriel M. , Funchal Renata Zukanovich 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper we study the present and future sensitivities of the rare meson decay facilities KOTO, LHCb and Belle II to a light dark sector of the minimal dark abelian gauge symmetry where a dark Higgs S and a dark photon ZD have masses ≲ 10 GeV. We have explored the interesting scenario where S can only decay to a pair of ZD’s and so contribute to visible or invisible signatures, depending on the life-time of the latter. Our computations show that these accelerator experiments can access the dark Higgs (mass and scalar mixing) and the dark photon (mass and kinetic mixing) parameters in a complementary way. We have also discussed how the CMS measurement of the SM Higgs total decay width and their limit on the Higgs invisible branching ratio can be used to extend the experimental reach to dark photon masses up to ~ 10 GeV, providing at the same time sensitivity to the gauge coupling associated with the broken dark abelian symmetry.
Inclusive production cross sections at N3LO
Authors: Baglio Julien , Duhr Claude , Mistlberger Bernhard , Szafron Robert 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We present for the first time the inclusive cross section for associated Higgs boson production with a massive gauge boson at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD. Furthermore, we introduce n3loxs, a public, numerical program for the evaluation of inclusive cross sections at the third order in the strong coupling constant. Our tool allows to derive predictions for charged- and neutral-current Drell-Yan production, gluon- and bottom-quark-fusion Higgs boson production and Higgs boson associated production with a heavy gauge boson. We discuss perturbative and parton distribution function (PDF) uncertainties of the aforementioned processes. We perform a comparison of global PDF sets for a variety of process including associated Higgs boson production and observe 1σ deviations among predictions for several processes.
CGC for ultra-peripheral Pb+Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider: a more realistic calculation
Authors: Duan Haowu , Kovner Alexander , Skokov Vladimir V. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We provide the first calculation of two-gluon production at mid-rapidity in ultra-peripheral collisions in the Color Glass Condensate framework. To estimate systematic uncertainty associated with poor understanding of the wave function of the nearly real photon, we consider two diametrically different models: the dilute quark-antiquark dipole approximation and a vector meson, in which color charge density is approximated by McLerran-Venugopalan model. In the experimentally relevant range, the target nucleus can be faithfully approximated by a highly saturated state. This simplification enables us to perform efficient numerical simulations and extract the two-gluon correlation functions and the associated azimuthal harmonics.
Note on graph-based BCJ relation for Berends-Giele currents
Authors: Du Yi-Jian , Wu Konglong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Graph-based Bern-Carasso-Johansson (BCJ) relation for Berends-Giele currents in bi-adjoint scalar (BS) theory, which is characterized by connected tree graphs, was proposed in an earlier work. In this note, we provide a systematic study of this relation. We first prove the relations based on two special types of graphs: simple chains and star graphs. The general graph-based BCJ relation established by an arbitrary tree graph is further proved, through Berends-Giele recursion. When combined with proper off-shell extended numerators, this relation induces the graph-based BCJ relation for Berends-Giele currents in Yang-Mills theory. The corresponding relations for amplitudes are obtained via on-shell limits.
Stretch-orientation-induced reduction of friction in well-entangled bidisperse blends: a dual slip-link simulation study
Authors: Miyamoto Souta , Sato Takeshi , Taniguchi Takashi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe investigated the rheological properties of bidisperse entangled-polymer blends under high-deformation-rate flows by slip-link simulations with a friction reduction mechanism. The friction reduction mechanism induced by the stretch and orientation (SORF) is important to predict the viscoelasticity under uniaxial elongational flows. To test the applicability of this mechanism for bidisperse systems, we incorporated an expression of friction reduction (Yaoita et al. Macromolecules 45:2773–2782 2012) into the Doi-Takimoto slip-link model (DT model) (Doi and Takimoto Philos Trans R Soc Lond A 361:641–652 2003). For six experimental bidisperse systems, i.e., four polystyrene blends and two polyisoprene blends, the extended DT model where the order parameter of the friction reduction mechanism is evaluated through the component averages succeeds in reproducing the data under uniaxial elongation and shear. This success is due to the suppression of the stretch of the longer chains using the statistical average over each component. Through this study, the SORF expression improves the rheological prediction for bidisperse entangled polymer melts under uniaxial elongational flows with strain rates comparable to or larger than the inverse of the Rouse relaxation time of the longer chains. Additionally, the predictions with the SORF using the component average for the stretches reproduce the steady viscosities because under elongational flows, the states of the components with different molecular weights clearly differ from each other depending on their Rouse relaxation time. The finding means that for chain dynamics, the friction coefficient is determined by the state of the surrounding polymer chains and the state of the chain.
The role of shade tree pruning in cocoa agroforestry systems: agronomic and economic benefits
Authors: Esche Laura , Schneider Monika , Milz Joachim , Armengot Laura 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCocoa-based agroforests are promoted to replace monocultures for the provision of ecosystem services. However, shade tree pruning, an important tool to sustain cocoa yields, is not commonly implemented. This study investigates the effect of pruning on both agronomic and economic performance. In Bolivia, four famers’ sites were divided in half, and shade trees pruned in one of the two plots. Pruning resulted in a significant increase in cocoa yield, from an average of 430 to 710 kg ha−1 by boosting flowering and pod production, but not reducing the proportion of damaged pods, and of those lost to cherelle wilt. Additionally, scenario calculations using international and organic premium cocoa prices were conducted to evaluate the economic feasibility of pruning. The minimum, mean and maximum yield of 22 local cocoa-based agroforestry farms were used as reference for 25, 50 and 75% yield increase scenarios. Offsetting the pruning costs highly depended on the initial yield levels. Using the minimum yield, all scenarios led to a lower net income compared with no pruning. For the mean yield level, the net income was equal to that obtained without pruning when the yield increase was above 51%. At the maximum yield level, all increase scenarios resulted in a higher net income. Our results prove the importance of pruning agroforestry trees to increase cocoa yields. However, with current farm-gate prices for cocoa, farmers alone cannot cover the extra management costs. The cocoa sector should discuss different strategies to support pruning for a broader adoption of agroforests.
Survival of epithelial ovarian cancer in Black women: a society to cell approach in the African American cancer epidemiology study (AACES)
Authors: Schildkraut Joellen M. , Johnson Courtney , Dempsey Lauren F. , Qin Bo , Terry Paul , Akonde Maxwell , Peters Edward S. , Mandle Hannah , Cote Michele L. , Peres Lauren , Moorman Patricia , Schwartz Ann G. , Epstein Michael , Marks Jeffrey , Bondy Melissa , Lawson Andrew B. , Alberg Anthony J. , Bandera Elisa V. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The causes for the survival disparity among Black women with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) are likely multi-factorial. Here we describe the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES), the largest cohort of Black women with EOC.

Methods
AACES phase 2 (enrolled 2020 onward) is a multi-site, population-based study focused on overall survival (OS) of EOC. Rapid case ascertainment is used in ongoing patient recruitment in eight U.S. states, both northern and southern. Data collection is composed of a survey, biospecimens, and medical record abstraction. Results characterizing the survival experience of the phase 1 study population (enrolled 2010–2015) are presented.

Results
Thus far, ~ 650 patients with EOC have been enrolled in the AACES. The five-year OS of AACES participants approximates those of Black women in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry who survive at least 10-month past diagnosis and is worse compared to white women in SEER, 49 vs. 60%, respectively. A high proportion of women in AACES have low levels of household income (45% < $25,000 annually), education (51% ≤ high school education), and insurance coverage (32% uninsured or Medicaid). Those followed annually differ from those without follow-up with higher levels of localized disease (28 vs 24%) and higher levels of optimal debulking status (73 vs 67%).

Conclusion
AACES is well positioned to evaluate the contribution of social determinants of health to the poor survival of Black women with EOC and advance understanding of the multi-factorial causes of the ovarian cancer survival disparity in Black women.
Multicriteria task classification in human-robot collaborative assembly through fuzzy inference
Authors: Alessio Alessandro , Aliev Khurshid , Antonelli Dario 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe advent of new technologies and their implementation in manufacturing is accelerating the progress of Industry 4.0 (I4.0). Among the enabling technologies of I4.0, collaborative robots (cobots) push factory reconfiguration and prompt for worker empowerment by exploiting the respective assets of both humans and robots. Indeed, human has superior dexterity, flexibility, problem-solving ability. Robot excels in strength, endurance, accuracy and is expendable for risky activities. Therefore, task assignment problem in a production line with coexisting humans and robots cannot limit to the workload balancing among workers but should make the most of everyone respective abilities. The outcomes should not be only an increased productivity, but also improved production quality, human safety and well-being. Task assignment strategy should rely on a comprehensive assessment of the tasks from the viewpoint of suitability to humans or robots. As there are several conflicting evaluation criteria, often qualitative, the study defines the set of criteria, their metrics and proposes a method for task classification relying on Fuzzy Inference System to map each task onto a set of collaboration classes. The outcome of the study is the formal description of a set of evaluation criteria with their metrics. Another outcome is a Fuzzy Classification procedure that support production managers to properly consider all the criteria in the assignment of the tasks. The proposed methodology was tested on a case study derived from a manual manufacturing process to demonstrate its application during the process planning.
Attitude verbs’ local context
Authors: Blumberg Kyle , Goldstein Simon 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSchlenker (Semant Pragmat 2(3):1–78, 2009; Philos Stud 151(1):115–142, 2010a; Mind 119(474):377–391, 2010b) provides an algorithm for deriving the presupposition projection properties of an expression from that expression’s classical semantics. In this paper, we consider the predictions of Schlenker’s algorithm as applied to attitude verbs. More specifically, we compare Schlenker’s theory with a prominent view which maintains that attitudes exhibit belief projection, so that presupposition triggers in their scope imply that the attitude holder believes the presupposition (Karttunen in Theor Linguist 34(1):181, 1974; Heim in J Semant 9(3):183–221, 1992; Sudo in The art and craft of semantics: a festschrift for Irene Heim, MIT Press, 2014). We show that Schlenker’s theory does not predict belief projection, and discuss several consequences of this result.
Understanding mathematical texts: a hermeneutical approach
Authors: Carl Merlin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe work done so far on the understanding of mathematical (proof) texts focuses mostly on logical and heuristical aspects; a proof text is considered to be understood when the reader is able to justify inferential steps occurring in it, to defend it against objections, to give an account of the “main ideas”, to transfer the proof idea to other contexts etc. (see, e.g., Avigad in The philosophy of mathematical practice, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2008). In contrast, there is a rich philosophical tradition dealing with the concept of understanding and interpreting texts, namely philosophical hermeneutics, represented, e.g., by Schleiermacher, Dilthey, Heidegger or Gadamer. In this tradition, “understanding” generally refers to the integration in a comprehensive (historical, existential, life-worldly, ...) context. In this article, we take some first steps towards exploring the question how the ideas from philosophical hermeneutics presented in Gadamer’s “Truth and Method” apply to mathematical texts and what (if anything) can be learned from these for the didactics and presentation of mathematics.
Spatio-Temporal Outdoor Lighting Aggregation on Image Sequences Using Transformer Networks
Authors: Lee Haebom , Homeyer Christian , Herzog Robert , Rexilius Jan , Rother Carsten 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this work, we focus on outdoor lighting estimation by aggregating individual noisy estimates from images, exploiting the rich image information from wide-angle cameras and/or temporal image sequences. Photographs inherently encode information about the lighting of the scene in the form of shading and shadows. Recovering the lighting is an inverse rendering problem and as that ill-posed. Recent research based on deep neural networks has shown promising results for estimating light from a single image, but with shortcomings in robustness. We tackle this problem by combining lighting estimates from several image views sampled in the angular and temporal domains of an image sequence. For this task, we introduce a transformer architecture that is trained in an end-2-end fashion without any statistical post-processing as required by previous work. Thereby, we propose a positional encoding that takes into account camera alignment and ego-motion estimation to globally register the individual estimates when computing attention between visual words. We show that our method leads to improved lighting estimation while requiring fewer hyperparameters compared to the state of the art.
The evolution of structural genomics
Authors: Standley Daron M. , Nakanishi Tokuichiro , Xu Zichang , Haruna Soichiro , Li Songling , Nazlica Sedat Aybars , Katoh Kazutaka 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStructural genomics began as a global effort in the 1990s to determine the tertiary structures of all protein families as a response to large-scale genome sequencing projects. The immediate outcome was an influx of tens of thousands of protein structures, many of which had unknown functions. At the time, the value of structural genomics was controversial. However, the structures themselves were only the most obvious output. In addition, these newly solved structures motivated the emergence of huge data science and infrastructure efforts, which, together with advances in Deep Learning, have brought about a revolution in computational molecular biology. Here, we review some of the computational research carried out at the Protein Data Bank Japan (PDBj) during the Protein 3000 project under the leadership of Haruki Nakamura, much of which continues to flourish today.
To Protect and Serve? Race and Police Use of Force across Religious Contexts
Authors: Nie Fanhao 
Published: December 2022

Background While prior research has revealed a dynamic relationship between individual religiosity and punitiveness, much less is known about how religious context might affect attitudes toward punitiveness. In addition, even less is known about how religion, individual or contextual, might shape public attitudes toward an important aspect of punitiveness—police use of force, an issue that has evoked large-scale social movements in recent years. Purpose The present research aims to fill in the gap from prior research by examining the relationship between religious context and attitudes toward police use of force. Particularly, this study intends to investigate whether said relationship varies by race. Methods In this study, individual-level data from the General Social Survey (GSS) 2000–2018 were merged with contextual-level data from the U.S. Census 2000 and the Religious Congregations and Membership Study (RCMS) 2000 enabling a multilevel analysis of the religious effects on attitudes toward police use of force. Results Study results suggest that higher county-level Catholic population share was associated with less support for police use of force. In contrast, when county-level evangelical Protestant population share rose, residents, including Blacks, became more supportive of police use of force. However, the evangelical Protestant contextual effect was stronger for Whites than Blacks, and this White-Black difference grew when county-level evangelical Protestant population share increased. Conclusions and Implications The findings suggest that religious effects on attitudes toward punitiveness are multilevel. Religious context exerts independent and divergent influences on one's perceptions of police use of force above and beyond important individual characteristics. Therefore, religious contextual characteristics may need to be considered in the ongoing debate on police brutality and reform.
The Twelve Principles of Circular Hydrometallurgy
Authors: Binnemans Koen , Jones Peter Tom 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this academic position paper, we propose the 12 Principles of a novel and more sustainable approach to hydrometallurgy that we call “circular hydrometallurgy.” The paper intends to set a basis for identifying future areas of research in the field of hydrometallurgy, while providing a “sustainability” benchmark for assessing existing processes and technological developments. Circular hydrometallurgy refers to the designing of energy-efficient and resource-efficient flowsheets or unit processes that consume the minimum quantities of reagents and result in minimum waste. The application of a circular approach involves new ways of thinking about how hydrometallurgy is applied for both primary and secondary resources. In either case, the emphasis must be on the regeneration and reuse of every reagent in the process. This refers not only to the acids and bases employed for leaching or pH control, but also any reducing agents, oxidizing agents, and other auxiliary reagents. Likewise, the consumption of water and energy must be reduced to an absolute minimum. To consolidate the concept of circular hydrometallurgical flowsheets, we present the 12 Principles that will boost sustainability: (1) regenerate reagents, (2) close water loops, (3) prevent waste, (4) maximize mass, energy, space, and time efficiency, (5) integrate materials and energy flows, (6) safely dispose of potentially harmful elements, (7) decrease activation energy, (8) electrify processes wherever possible, (9) use benign chemicals, (10) reduce chemical diversity, (11) implement real-time analysis and digital process control, and (12) combine circular hydrometallurgy with zero-waste mining. Although we realize that the choice of these principles is somewhat arbitrary and that other principles could be imagined or some principles could be merged, we are nevertheless convinced that the present framework of these 12 Principles, as put forward in this position paper, provides a powerful tool to show the direction of future research and innovation in hydrometallurgy, both in industry and in academia.
Graphical Abstract