bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal trends, clinical characteristics, and sociodemographic profile of post‐neonatally acquired cerebral palsy in Australia, 1973–2012: A population‐based observational study
Authors: Waight Emma , McIntyre Sarah , Woolfenden Susan , Watson Linda , Reid Susan , Scott Heather , Martin Tanya , Webb Annabel , Badawi Nadia , Smithers‐Sheedy Hayley ,   Australian Cerebral Palsy Register Group
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo describe post‐neonatally acquired (PNN) cerebral palsy (CP) in terms of temporal trends in prevalence, clinical and sociodemographic profiles, known causes and associations between causes, and sociodemographic variables.MethodNumerator data, a count of children with PNN‐CP confirmed at 5 years of age (n = 523), was drawn from two Australian state CP registers (birth years 1973–2012). Poisson regression was used to investigate temporal trends in the prevalence of PNN‐CP by 5‐year intervals, calculated per 10 000 live births. Using data from all state and territory Australian CP registers (n = 469), distributions of clinical characteristics, PNN‐CP causes, and sociodemographic factors were tabulated (birth years 1995–2012). χ2 and logistic regression analyses were used to assess associations between sociodemographic profile, Australian reference data, and known causes.ResultsA significant temporal decline in PNN‐CP in Victoria (p = 0.047) and Western Australia (p = 0.033) was observed. The most common proximal causes of PNN‐CP were cerebrovascular accidents (34%, n = 158), infection (25%, n = 117), and non‐accidental injuries (12%, n = 58). Children born to teenage mothers, Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander mothers, or children born in remote areas were over‐represented in this cohort compared with reference data (all p ≤ 0.001). Infectious causes were strongly associated with teenage motherhood (odds ratio 3.0 [95% confidence interval 1.1–8.2], p = 0.028) and remote living (odds ratio 4.5 [95% confidence interval 2.0–10.2], p < 0.001).InterpretationAlthough prevalence of PNN‐CP has declined, the over‐representation of priority populations, and the relative severity of a condition that is largely preventable, suggest the need for more specific primary preventive measures and support.What this paper adds

Prevalence of post‐neonatally acquired (PNN) cerebral palsy (CP) in Australia significantly declined between 1973 and 2012.

Cerebrovascular accidents are the most common proximal cause of PNN‐CP.

Children born in remote areas are at greater risk of PNN‐CP.
Dystonia in individuals with spastic cerebral palsy and isolated periventricular leukomalacia
Authors: Ueda Keisuke , Aravamuthan Bhooma R. , Pearson Toni S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo determine the prevalence of dystonia in individuals with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) and spastic cerebral palsy (CP), but without basal ganglia and thalamic injury (BGTI) on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodThis was a retrospective study of individuals with spastic CP and PVL on MRI evaluated between 2005 and 2018 in a CP center. Individuals with non‐PVL brain lesions on MRI, including BGTI, were excluded. Dystonia was assessed via blinded review of neurological exam videos by pediatric movement disorders specialists.ResultsEighty‐five participants (45 males, 40 females; mean age at videotaping 12 years [standard deviation 5 years 6 months], range 4–26 years) met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these participants, 50 (59%) displayed dystonia in their exam videos. The most common locations of dystonia were the fingers and hip adductors. The prevalence of dystonia was unaffected by the gestational age or severity of PVL, and was affected by Gross Motor Function Classification System level.InterpretationDystonia is common in individuals with spastic CP and PVL, even without BGTI on MRI. Our findings suggest vigilance for dystonia in individuals with spastic CP should remain high, even without MRI evidence of BGTI.What this paper adds

Individuals with spastic cerebral palsy and isolated periventricular leukomalacia on magnetic resonance imaging commonly display dystonia.

Common sites of dystonia are in the fingers and hip adductors.
Susceptibility of germinating seedlings of European and Eurasian populations of Pinus sylvestris to damping‐off caused by Fusarium circinatum
Authors: Woodward Steve , Flores‐Pacheco J. Asdrubel , Muñoz‐Adalia E. Jordán , Martínez‐Álvarez Pablo , Martín‐García Jorge , Diez Julio J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe effect of inoculation with Fusarium circinatum on survival of seed and seedlings of 19 populations of Pinus sylvestris was examined under environmentally controlled conditions, with four treatments (0, 50, 103, 106 spores ml−1). A single seed source of P. radiata was included as a positive control. Germination (emergence of the plumule above the compost) and health of seedlings was assessed daily, for 85 days. Spore density had a significant effect on germination: at 50 spores ml−1, only germination of a Northeast Scotland population was reduced. Treatment with 1000 spores ml−1, however, reduced germination of six populations of P. sylvestris and of P. radiata.Survival of emerged seedlings also varied with inoculum dose. Approximately 75% of seedlings survived 85 days after germination after inoculation with 50 spores ml−1. Seedlings of all populations were killed within 12–16 days of germination by the 103 and 106 spores ml−1 treatments.Emerged seedlings of the Austrian populations showed the highest susceptibility to F. circinatum following treatment with 50 spores ml−1, although 15% of seedlings of one Austrian population (AU3) survived to the end of the experiment (85 days after germination). There was no clear pattern in survival rates of the P. sylvestris seedlings from other populations treated with 1000 or 1 million spores ml−1 due to death of all emerged seedlings within a short period.Variations in susceptibility of different populations of P. sylvestris to F. circinatum may be used in future selection and breeding programmes to reduce the impact of the pathogen as it spreads over wider areas in Europe and Eurasia.
Valproate in status epilepticus: Correlation between loading dose, serum levels, and clinical response
Authors: Vijiala Sergiu , André Pascal , Buclin Thierry , Decosterd Laurent A. , Rossetti Andrea O. , Novy Jan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeIntravenous valproate (VPA) is an established treatment of status epilepticus (SE), but optimal loading dose was not fully assessed. We aimed at analyzing the correlation between VPA loading dose and subsequent plasma levels with clinical response in SE.MethodsThis was a retrospective study in one referral center of all consecutive VPA‐naïve SE episodes treated with VPA between January 2013 and June 2019, in which total VPA trough plasma levels after intravenous loading dose were available. Response to VPA, defined as last antiseizure medication introduced before SE resolution (without the need for additional treatment), was correlated with VPA loading dose and trough level. Correlations were adjusted for other SE characteristics.ResultsAmong 128 SE episodes, 53 (41%) responded to VPA. Median VPA loading dose was 25.2 mg/kg (range, 7–58 mg/kg). Loading doses and total plasma levels were not associated with the probability of response or mortality. Correcting for other possible confounders (number of previously tried treatment, demographics, SE severity) did not alter these findings. Only 3.8% of SE episodes that responded to VPA received >30 mg/kg.ConclusionsA high loading dose (>30 mg/kg) is not associated with a greater response rate in patients with SE. Therefore, it seems to bring little benefit. If confirmed in further studies, a dosage of 25–30 mg/kg appears adequate in SE.
Opposing global change drivers counterbalance trends in breeding North American monarch butterflies
Authors: Crossley Michael S. , Meehan Timothy D. , Moran Matthew D. , Glassberg Jeffrey , Snyder William E. , Davis Andrew K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMany insects are in clear decline, with monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) drawing particular attention as a flagship species. It is well documented that, among migratory populations, numbers of overwintering monarchs have been falling across several decades, but trends among breeding monarchs are less clear. Here, we compile >135,000 monarch observations between 1993 and 2018 from the North American Butterfly Association's annual butterfly count to examine spatiotemporal patterns and potential drivers of adult monarch relative abundance trends across the entire breeding range in eastern and western North America. While the data revealed declines at some sites, particularly the US Northeast and parts of the Midwest, numbers in other areas, notably the US Southeast and Northwest, were unchanged or increasing, yielding a slightly positive overall trend across the species range. Negative impacts of agricultural glyphosate use appeared to be counterbalanced by positive effects of annual temperature, particularly in the US Midwest. Overall, our results suggest that population growth in summer is compensating for losses during the winter and that changing environmental variables have offsetting effects on mortality and/or reproduction. We suggest that density‐dependent reproductive compensation when lower numbers arrive each spring is currently able to maintain relatively stable breeding monarch numbers. However, we caution against complacency since accelerating climate change may bring growing threats. In addition, increases of summer monarchs in some regions, especially in California and in the south, may reflect replacement of migratory with resident populations. Nonetheless, it is perhaps reassuring that ubiquitous downward trends in summer monarch abundance are not evident.
ADVERSE SELECTION, LEARNING, AND COMPETITIVE SEARCH
Authors: Mayr‐Dorn Karin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractI develop a model that allows for an analysis of the effects of time on adverse selection in the presence of search frictions. I find that, as a firm takes longer to adjust a worker's contract in response to learning about his type, inefficient overwork during the time before wage adjustment (probation) decreases. This provides a rationale for an optimal (minimum) probation period of about one month in the baseline scenario. Optimal probation duration varies with the degree of search frictions, the cost of effort, the relative productivity of different types of workers, and minimum wage regulations.
Consumer intentions to use collaborative economy platforms: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Ertz Myriam , Sarigöllü Emine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCollaborative economy platforms (CEP) have been investigated from various disciplines, theoretical frameworks and methodological approaches. Subsequently, numerous models emerged to explain the cognitive process underlying intentions to use CEP. Yet, their findings are fragmented and diverse, impeding thereby theory development and management practice. This article addresses this deficiency by a meta‐analysis of psychosocial determinants of collaborative economy platforms (CEP) use intentions. Based on information from a total of 27 independent samples, we find support for the relation between psychosocial determinants and CEP use intentions, as well as willingness to pay a premium price for CEP. The findings show that (1) emotional and flexibility utility exert the strongest influence on use intentions; (2) functional and social utility exert more influence on willingness to pay a premium price; (3) CEP are primarily used for enjoyment and practical purposes; and (4) hedonism does not strongly lead to an increased willingness to pay.
Preinoculation with Endophytic fungus Phomopsis liquidambaris reduced rice bakanae disease caused by Fusarium proliferatum via enhanced plant resistance
Authors: Zhu Qiang , Wu Yi-Bo , Chen Man , Lu Fan , Sun Kai , Tang Meng-Jun , Zhang Wei , Bu Yuan-Qing , Dai Chuan-Chao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsThis study evaluated the control effect of the endophytic fungus Phomopsis liquidambaris B3 against rice bakanae disease (RBD) caused by Fusarium proliferatum and the disease control result of different inoculation times of beneficial micro-organisms.Methods and ResultsRice seedlings preinoculated, coinoculated and noninoculated with B3 were exposed to F. proliferatum stress and grown under controlled conditions. Greenhouse experimental results showed that rice preinoculation with B3 significantly reduced rice bakanae disease by 21.45%, inhibited the colonization of F. proliferatum, increased defence-related enzyme activities, upregulated the expression of defence genes and promoted plant photosynthesis. However, bakanae disease in rice coinoculation with B3 increased by 11.45%, resulted in excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) bursts and plant cell death.ConclusionsPreinoculation with the endophytic fungus P. liquidambaris B3 significantly reduced rice bakanae disease by triggering the SA-dependent defence pathways of plants, and promoted plant growth. However, coinoculatiton with P. liquidambaris B3 activated excessive defence responses, resulting in plants cell death and aggravation of bakanae disease.Significance and Impact of the StudyThis study indicated that P. liquidambaris B3 was an effective method for agricultural control against rice bakanae disease caused by F. proliferatum, and provides an experimental basis for the development of sustainable endophytic fungal resources to effectively control plant diseases caused by pathogenic fungi, and suggests that precise application of beneficial micro-organisms may be become a key factor in farmland crop disease management.
Reconstruction of Acinetobacter johnsonii ICE_NC genome using hybrid de novo genome assemblies and identification of the 12α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene
Authors: Favale Nicoletta , Costa Stefania , Scapoli Chiara , Carrieri Alberto , Sabbioni Silvia , Tamburini Elena , Benazzo Andrea , Bernacchia Giovanni 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Aims
The role of a Acinetobacter johnsonii strain, isolated from a soil sample, in the biotransformation of bile acids (BAs) was already described but the enzymes responsible for these transformations were only partially purified and molecularly characterized.

Methods and Results
This study describes the use of hybrid de novo assemblies, that combine long-read Oxford Nanopore and short-read Illumina sequencing strategies, to reconstruct the entire genome of A. johnsonii ICE_NC strain and to identify the coding region for a 12α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (12α-HSDH), involved in BAs metabolism. The de novo assembly of the A. johnsonii ICE_NC genome was generated using Canu and Unicycler, both strategies yielded a circular chromosome of about 3.6 Mb and one 117 kb long plasmid. Gene annotation was performed on the final assemblies and the gene for 12α-HSDH was detected on the plasmid.

Conclusions
Our findings illustrate the added value of long read sequencing in addressing the challenges of whole genome characterization and plasmid reconstruction in bacteria. These approaches also allowed the identification of the A. johnsonii ICE_NC gene for the 12α-HSDH enzyme, whose activity was confirmed at the biochemical level.

Significance and impact or the study
At present, this is the first report on the characterization of a 12α-HSDH gene in an A. johnsonii strain able to biotransform cholic acid into ursodeoxycholic acid, a promising therapeutic agent for several diseases.
A mobile game‐based app to facilitate learners' motivation and achievement in learning Chinese reading activities: An individual differences perspective
Authors: Yang Jie Chi , Kuo Wen‐Chi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundDigital game‐based learning (DGBL) has been shown to be an effective strategy for promoting learning motivation. However, a lack of attention has been paid to investigating the effects of individual differences on elementary students' reading motivation and in‐gaming achievements in DGBL.ObjectivesThis study developed an educational mobile game to facilitate learners' reading activities, and investigated how prior knowledge and gaming experience affected learners' reading motivation, gaming motivation, perceptions and in‐game achievements.MethodsA total of 53 third to fifth grade elementary school students participated in this study, and were divided into the high prior knowledge (HPK)/low prior knowledge (LPK) and the high gaming experience (HGE)/low gaming experience (LGE) groups.Results and ConclusionsThe HPK learners had higher reading motivation, perceptions, gaming and social achievements than the LPK learners, whereas they had similar gaming motivation and reading achievements. In addition, the HGE learners had lower reading motivation, reading and gaming achievements than the LGE learners, whereas they had similar gaming motivation, perceptions and social achievements. Moreover, correlational results showed that similarities and differences were observed between the HPK/LPK and HGE/LGE learners.ImplicationsThe findings of this study suggest that learners' prior knowledge and gaming experience play influential roles in reading motivation, gaming motivation, perceptions and in‐game achievements. A framework is proposed for researchers or game designers to develop personalized DGBL systems to accommodate the HPK/LPK and HGE/LGE learners' individual needs or preferences in DGBL.
Identifying and treating resistant hypertension in PRECISION: A randomized long‐term clinical trial with aprocitentan
Authors: Danaietash Parisa , Verweij Pierre , Wang Ji‐Guang , Dresser George , Kantola Ilkka , Lawrence Mary Katherine , Narkiewicz Krzysztof , Schlaich Markus , Bellet Marc ,   the PRECISION investigators
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe design and baseline data of the PRECISION study, which evaluates the effect of the dual endothelin receptor antagonist aprocitentan on blood pressure (BP) in patients with resistant hypertension (RHT) are presented. The study is a blinded, randomized, parallel‐group Phase 3 study and its three‐part design assesses the short‐term and sustained long‐term effects of aprocitentan on BP. Results are expected in 2022.Patients with uncontrolled BP (measured as unattended automated office BP) despite the use of three or more antihypertensive medications for at least 1 year were screened. They were switched to a single‐tablet triple fixed combination antihypertensive therapy for at least 4 weeks before entering a single‐blind placebo run‐in period. The 4‐week placebo run‐in period further excluded placebo responders. The randomization period consisted of three sequential parts: (1) a 4‐week double‐blind part with aprocitentan 12.5 mg, 25 mg, or placebo (1:1:1 ratio); (2) a 32‐week single‐blind part with aprocitentan 25 mg; and (3) a 12‐week randomized withdrawal part with aprocitentan 25 mg or placebo (1:1 ratio). The purpose was to demonstrate the BP lowering effect of aprocitentan in RHT (Part 1) and the persistence of this effect (Parts 2 and 3).Out of 1965 screened patients, 730 were randomized resulting in an overall inclusion failure rate of 62.8%. The most common reason for exclusion (44.4% of all screened patients) was failure to meet the BP inclusion criteria. These results underline the high proportion of pseudoresistant hypertension among patients referred for RHT.
Characterization of early phases of cardiomyopathy syndrome pathogenesis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) through various diagnostic methods
Authors: Fritsvold Camilla , Mikalsen Aase B. , Haugland Øyvind , Tartor Haitham , Sindre Hilde 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSince the first description of cardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS) in Atlantic salmon, in 1985, the disease caused by piscine myocarditisvirus (PMCV) has become a common problem in Atlantic salmon farming, not only in Norway, but also in other salmon farming countries like Scotland and Ireland. In the last years, CMS has been ranked as the most important salmon viral disease in Norway regarding both mortality and economic losses. Detailed knowledge of infection and pathogenesis is still lacking, a decade after the causal agent was first described, and there is a need for a wider range of methods/tools for diagnostic and research purposes. In this study, we compared the detection of PMCV‐ and CMS‐related tissue lesions using previously used and well‐known methods like histopathology and real‐time RT‐PCR to immunohistochemistry (IHC), a less used method, and a new method, RNAscope in situ hybridization. Tissue samples of three different cardiac compartments, mid‐kidney and skin/muscle tissue were compared with non‐lethal parallel samplings of blood and mucus. The development of pathological cardiac lesions observed in this experiment was in accordance with previous descriptions of CMS. Our results indicate a viremic phase 10‐ to 20‐day post‐challenge (dpc) preceding the cardiac lesions. In this early phase, virus could also be detected in relatively high amount in mid‐kidney by real‐time RT‐PCR. Plasma and/or mid‐kidney samples may, therefore, be candidates to screen for early‐phase PMCV infection. The RNAscope in situ hybridization method showed higher sensitivity and robustness compared with the immunohistochemistry and may be a valuable support to histopathology in CMS diagnostics, especially in cases of untypical lesions or mixed infections.
Translational control by ketamine and its implications for comorbid cognitive deficits in depressive disorders
Authors: Lewis Vern , Rodrigue Brandon , Arsenault Emily , Zhang Molly , Taghavi‐Abkuh Fatimeh‐Frouh , Silva Weverton Castro Coelho , Myers Mysa , Matta‐Camacho Edna , Aguilar‐Valles Argel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractKetamine has shown antidepressant effects in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) resistant to first‐line treatments and approved for use in this patient population. Ketamine induces several forms of synaptic plasticity, which are proposed to underlie its antidepressant effects. However, the molecular mechanism of action directly responsible for ketamine's antidepressant effects remains under active investigation. It was recently demonstrated that the effectors of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signalling pathway, namely, eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) binding proteins 1 and 2 (4E‐BP1 and 4E‐BP2), are central in mediating ketamine‐induced synaptic plasticity and behavioural antidepressant‐like effect. 4E‐BPs are a family of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) translation repressors inactivated by mTORC1. We observed that their expression in inhibitory interneurons mediates ketamine's effects in the forced swim and novelty suppressed feeding tests and the long‐lasting inhibition of GABAergic neurotransmission in the hippocampus. In addition, another effector pathway that regulates translation elongation downstream of mTORC1, the eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K), has been implicated in ketamine's behavioural effects. We will discuss how ketamine's rapid antidepressant effect depends on the activation of neuronal mRNA translation through 4E‐BP1/2 and eEF2K. Furthermore, given that these pathways also regulate cognitive functions, we will discuss the evidence of ketamine's effect on cognitive function in MDD. Overall, the data accrued from pre‐clinical research have implicated the mRNA translation pathways in treating mood symptoms of MDD. However, it is yet unclear whether the pro‐cognitive potential of subanesthetic ketamine in rodents also engages these pathways and whether such an effect is consistently observed in the treatment‐resistant MDD population.image