bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive Effects of Neutrophil Elastase Inhibitor (Sivelestat) on Gut Microbiome and Metabolite Profiles of Septic Rats
Authors: Sun Yali , Ding Xianfei , Cui Yuqing , Li Hongyi , Wang Dong , Liang Huoyan , Liu Shaohua , Zhang Xiaojuan , Wang Haixu , Sun Tongwen 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundNeutrophil elastase (NE) is associated with sepsis occurrence and progression. We hypothesized that the NE inhibitor Sivelestat might modulate abnormal gut microbiota and metabolites during sepsis.MethodsSixty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham control (SC), sepsis (CLP), and sepsis+Sivelestat (Sive) groups. The rats’ survival status was monitored for 24 hours postoperatively, and feces were collected for microbiome and non-targeted metabolomics analyses.ResultsSivelestat administration significantly improved the survival of septic rats (80% vs 50%, P = 0.047). Microbiome analysis showed that the microbiota composition of rats in the CLP group was significantly disturbed, as potential pathogens such as Escherichia-Shigella and Gammaproteobacteria became dominant, and the beneficial microbiota represented by Lactobacillus decreased. These changes were reversed in Sive group, and the overall microbial status was restored to a similar composition to SC group. Differential analysis identified 36 differential operational taxonomic units and 11 metabolites between the Sive and CLP groups, such as 6-Aminopenicillanic acid, gamma-Glutamyl-leucine, and cortisone (variable importance in projection&gt;1and P&lt;0.05). These discriminatory metabolites were highly correlated with each other and mainly involved in the phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis pathways. Integrated microbiome and metabolome analyses found that almost all Sivelestat-modulated microbes were associated with differential metabolites (P &lt; 0.05), such as Lactobacillus and some amino acids, suggesting that the Sivelestat-induced metabolic profile differences were in part due to its influence on the gut microbiome.ConclusionSivelestat administration in septic rats improved survival, gut microbiota composition and associated metabolites, which could provide new options for sepsis treatment.
Production of the Extremolyte Cyclic 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate Using Thermus thermophilus as a Whole-Cell Factory
Authors: De Rose Simone A. , Finnigan William , Harmer Nicholas J. , Littlechild Jennifer A. , The HotSolute consortium  
Published: March 2022

Osmolytes protect microbial cells against temperature, osmolarity and other stresses. The osmolyte cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, originally isolated from the thermophilic archaeon Methanothermus fervidus, naturally protects cellular proteins under extreme conditions. The biosynthetic pathway for cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate has been introduced into the thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus. The two enzymes in this synthetic pathway, 2-phosphoglycerate kinase and cyclic diphosphoglycerate synthetase, were incorporated into a newly designed modular BioBricks vector. The expression of this two-enzyme cascade resulted in the whole cell production of cyclic 2,3 diphosphoglycerate. In vivo production of cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate was confirmed by mass spectrometry to a concentration up to 650 µM. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using this well studied thermophilic bacterium as a host in a whole-cell factory approach to produce cyclic 2,3 diphosphoglycerate. This raises the potential for commercialisation of cDPG for cosmetic and healthcare applications. Our work demonstrates the application of Thermus thermophilus as an alternative host for other high value small organic molecules of industrial interest.
Innate Lymphoid Cells Are Required to Induce Airway Hyperreactivity in a Murine Neutrophilic Asthma Model
Authors: Jonckheere Anne-Charlotte , Seys Sven F. , Steelant Brecht , Decaesteker Tatjana , Dekoster Kaat , Cremer Jonathan , Dilissen Ellen , Schols Dominique , Iwakura Yoichiro , Vande Velde Greetje , Breynaert Christine , Schrijvers Rik , Vanoirbeek Jeroen , Ceuppens Jan L. , Dupont Lieven J. , Bullens Dominique M. A. 
Published: March 2022

RationaleNon-allergic asthma is driven by multiple endotypes of which neutrophilic and pauci-granulocytic asthma have been best established. However, it is still puzzling what drives inflammation and airway hyperreactivity (AHR) in these patients and how it can be treated effectively. Recently, a potential role of the innate immune system and especially the innate lymphoid cells (ILC) has been proposed.ObjectiveIn this study, we investigated the effects of LPS inhalation on airway inflammation and AHR as a potential model for elucidating the pathogenesis of non-allergic asthma.MethodsWild-type (BALB/c), SCID, IL-17A-/-, and Rag2-/- γC-/- mice were endonasally exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 2 µg) on four consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after the last exposure, AHR to methacholine was assessed. Cytokine levels and ILC subpopulations were determined in lung tissue. Cellular differential analysis was performed in BAL fluid.Main ResultsIn this study, we developed a murine model for non-allergic neutrophilic asthma. We found that repeated endonasal applications of low-dose LPS in BALB/c mice led to AHR, BAL neutrophilia, and a significant increase in lung ILC3 as well as a significant increase in lung chemokines KC and MIP-2 and cytokines IL-1β, IL-17A, IL-22, and TNF. The adoptive transfer of ILC in Rag2-/- γC-/- mice showed that ILC played a causal role in the induction of AHR in this model. Antagonising IL-1β, but not IL-17A or neutrophils, resulted in a partial reduction in LPS-induced AHR.ConclusionIn conclusion, we report here a murine model for neutrophilic asthma where ILC are required to induce airway hyperreactivity.
Double-Negative T Cells Regulate Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation to Promote Liver Fibrosis Progression via NLRP3
Authors: Yang Yi , Sheng Yongjia , Wang Jin , Zhou Xiaohong , Li Wenyan , Zhang Caiqun , Guo Li , Han Chenyang 
Published: March 2022

AimWe mainly explored the role and mechanism of double-negative T cells (DNTs) in liver fibrosis.MethodsDNTs were co-cultured with mouse hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Later, cell viability was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay; α-SMA expression was measured through fluorescence staining; TNF-α, IL-6, and MMP-9 levels were measured by ELISA; and the expression of Bcl-2, TGF-β1, NLRP3, ASC, and TNFR1 proteins in HSCs was detected by Western blotting (WB) assay. At the same time, HSC-NLRP3−/− and HSC-TNFR1−/− are used to explore the mechanism. In mouse experiments, mice were intraperitoneally injected with DNTs; afterward, the hepatic tissue fibrosis degree was detected by Masson staining, α-SMA expression was measured through immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay, and histopathological changes were detected by sirius-red staining and H&amp;E staining.ResultsThe results suggested that DNTs promoted HSC activation and NLRP3 activation. The effect of DNTs on activating HSC-NLRP3−/− was suppressed, and the difference was significant as compared with HSCs. HSC-TNFR1−/− activation was also inhibited. To explore the mechanism of DNT-secreted TNF-α in TNFR1-NLRP3 activation, we transfected DNTs with TNF-α siRNA; as a result, DNTs with TNF-α silencing did not significantly affect HSC activation. DNTs promoted hepatic tissue fibrosis progression and HSC activation; after treatment with NLRP3 inhibitor, the effect of DNTs on promoting fibrosis was suppressed.ConclusionWe discovered that DNTs played an important role in liver fibrosis and that DNTs promoted HSC activation via the TNF-α–TNFR1-NLRP3 signal axis, thus further promoting liver fibrosis progression.
Nitrate Derived From Beetroot Juice Lowers Blood Pressure in Patients With Arterial Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Benjamim Cicero Jonas R. , Porto Andrey Alves , Valenti Vitor Engrácia , Sobrinho Andressa Crystine da Silva , Garner David M. , Gualano Bruno , Bueno Júnior Carlos Roberto 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundAlthough there are a considerable number of clinical studies on nitrate (NO3) rich beetroot juice (BRJ) and hypertension, it is difficult to indicate the real effects of NO3 from BRJ on the BP of hypertensive patients because there are still no estimates of the effects of NO3 derived from BRJ on the BP of hypertension patients.ObjectiveTo clarify these effects, we developed a systematic literature review with a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs).DesignThe searches were accomplished through EMBASE, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and LILACS databases. The study included single or double-blinded RCTs and participants older than 18 years with hypertension [systolic BP (SBP) &gt; 130 mmHg and diastolic BP (DBP) &gt; 80 mmHg]. NO3 BRJ was required to be consumed in a format that possibly blinded participants/researchers. These studies should also report the SBP and DBP values (mmHg) measured before and after the treatment. Risk of Bias tools and GRADE were enforced.ResultsSeven studies were included (218 participants). BRJ intervention time ranged from 3 to 60 days with daily dosages of 70–250 mL of BRJ. After the intervention with NO3 from BRJ, SBP underwent significant changes (p &lt; 0.001) of −4.95 (95% CI: −8.88; −1.01) (GRADE: ⊕⊕⊕○ Moderate), but not for DBP (p = 0.06) −0.90 mmHg (95% CI: −3.16; 1.36) (GRADE: ⊕⊕⊕○ Moderate), compared to the control group.ConclusionsThe NO3 derived from BRJ reduces SBP, but not DBP in patients with arterial hypertension.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=269339.
Response Prediction to Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Delta-Radiomics Based on Sequential Whole-Tumor ADC Map
Authors: An Dianzheng , Cao Qiang , Su Na , Li Wanhu , Li Zhe , Liu Yanxiao , Zhang Yuxing , Li Baosheng 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the radiomics features (RFs) extracted from a whole-tumor ADC map during the early treatment course and response to concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).MethodsPatients with ESCC who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy were enrolled in two hospitals. Whole-tumor ADC values and RFs were extracted from sequential ADC maps before treatment, after the 5th radiation, and after the 10th radiation, and the changes of ADC values and RFs were calculated as the relative difference between different time points. RFs were selected and further imported to a support vector machine classifier for building a radiomics signature. Radiomics signatures were obtained from both RFs extracted from pretreatment images and three sets of delta-RFs. Prediction models for different responders based on clinical characteristics and radiomics signatures were built up with logistic regression.ResultsPatients (n=76) from hospital 1 were randomly assigned to training (n=53) and internal testing set (n=23) in a ratio of 7 to 3. In addition, to further test the performance of the model, data from another institute (n=17) were assigned to the external testing set. Neither ADC values nor delta-ADC values were correlated with treatment response in the three sets. It showed a predictive effect to treatment response that the AUC values of the radiomics signature built from delta-RFs over the first 2 weeks were 0.824, 0.744, and 0.742 in the training, the internal testing, and the external testing set, respectively. Compared with the evaluated response, the performance of response prediction in the internal testing set was acceptable (p = 0.048).ConclusionsThe ADC map-based delta-RFs during the early course of treatment were effective to predict the response to cCRT in patients with ESCC.
A Nomogram Based on Molecular Biomarkers and Radiomics to Predict Lymph Node Metastasis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Qiu Xiaoming , Fu Yufei , Ye Yu , Wang Zhen , Cao Changjian 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and efficacy of a non-invasive quantitative imaging evaluation model to assess the lymphatic metastasis of breast cancer based on a radiomics signature constructed using conventional T1-weighted image (T1WI) enhanced MRI and molecular biomarkers.MethodsPatients with breast cancer diagnosed via lymph biopsies between June 2015 and June 2019 were selected for the study. All patients underwent T1WI contrast-enhancement before treatment; lymph biopsy after surgery; and simultaneous Ki-67, COX-2, PR, Her2 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen detection. All images were imported into ITK-SNAP for whole tumor delineation, and AK software was used for radiomics feature extraction. Next, the radiomics signature Rad-score was constructed after reduction of specific radiomic features. A multiple regression logistic model was built by combining the Rad-score and molecular biomarkers based on the minimum AIC.ResultsIn all, 100 patients were enrolled in this study, including 45 with non-lymph node (LN) metastasis and 55 with LN metastasis. A total of 1,051 texture feature parameters were extracted, and LASSO was used to reduce the dimensionality of the radiomics features. The log(λ) was set to 0.002786, and 19 parameters were retained for the construction of the radiomics tag Rad-score. ROC was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of Rad-score: the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the Rad-score for identifying non-lymphatic and lymphatic metastases was 0.891 in the training cohort and 0.744 in the validation cohort. With the incorporation of tumor molecular markers, the AUCs of the training cohort and validation cohort of the nomogram were 0.936 and 0.793, respectively, which were notably higher than the AUCs of the clinical parameters in the training and validation cohorts (0.719 and 0.588, respectively).ConclusionThe combined model constructed using the Rad-score and molecular biomarkers can be used as an effective non-invasive method to assess LN metastasis of breast cancer. Furthermore, it can be used to quantitatively evaluate the risk of breast cancer LN metastasis before surgery.
Real-World Data of Different Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in China
Authors: Miao Kang , Zhang Xiaotong , Wang Hanping , Si Xiaoyan , Ni Jun , Zhong Wei , Zhao Jing , Xu Yan , Chen Minjiang , Pan Ruili , Wang Mengzhao , Zhang Li 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundPatients treated with immunotherapy in the real-world may have significantly different responses to those meeting inclusion criteria for random controlled clinical studies. There is a partial overlap in approved indications for the use of the different immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) currently available. A comprehensive assessment of the efficacy, safety and economic effects of various ICIs is a problem that clinicians need to address.MethodsAnalyzed real-world data was collected from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who were treated with ICIs from hospitalized patients in the Lung Cancer Center of Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2018 and 2021. The objectives were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of different ICIs for the treatment of NSCLC in China and to investigate the factors affecting their curative effects.ResultsOverall, 351 patients were included in the retrospective study. The median PFS for the NSCLC patient cohort treated with medication regimens that included ICIs was 9.5 months, with an ORR of 47.3%. There were no significant discrepancies in efficacy and safety between the different ICIs administered. Factors that had the greatest impact on the efficacy of ICIs were the disease stage, ECOG-PS scores and treatment lines. Gender, age, smoking history, PD-L1 TPS expression, history of targeted therapy and irAEs all had a degree of influence on patient prognosis.ConclusionsThe study reports the experience of real-world usage of ICIs for the treatment of NSCLC patients in China. The results were generally consistent with those of clinical trials, while the efficacy and safety of different ICIs exhibited no statistically significant differences. Therefore, physicians can make a comprehensive choice based on the indications and cost of different ICIs and the preferences of patients.
Secondary Metabolites with Anti-Inflammatory Activities from an Actinobacteria Herbidospora daliensis
Authors: Chen Jih-Jung , Lee Tzong-Huei , Cheng Ming-Jen 
Published: March 2022

Bioassay-guided fractionation of extracts derived from solid cultures of a Herbidospora daliensis originating from Taiwan led to the isolation of five new compounds, for which we propose the name herbidosporadalins A–E (1–5), one isolated for the first time, herbidosporadalin F (6), together with two known compounds (7 & 8). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, including 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments with those of known analogues, and on the basis of HR-EI-MS mass spectrometry, their anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated. Of these isolates, herbidosporadalin A (1), B (2), F (6) and G (8) showed NO inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 11.8 ± 0.9, 7.1 ± 2.9, 17.8 ± 1.7, and 13.3 ± 6.5 μM, stronger than the positive control quercetin (IC50 = 36.8 ± 1.3 μM). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on 3,4-seco-friedelane metabolites (5, 6 & 8) from the genus Herbidospora.
Impact Evaluation of Child Labor on Health in Next 7 and 14 Years in Indonesia
Authors: Hamdani Febri , Sulistyaningrum Eny 
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the impact of child labor on children's health both in next 7 and 14 years. Using two health indicators, growth in height and lung capacity. Child labor indicator is using child working hours. Three waves of longitudinal data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) are used, IFLS-3, IFLS-4, and IFLS-5. In addition to the child labor variable as the focus of this study, other variables are also used as control. The technique of analysis used is the Instrumental Variable where the head of the household’s education as the instrument variable. The robustness check is also performed to ensure the model. The analysis shows that in next 7 years, child labor has less effect on health. Child labor negatively affects height growth but does not affect lung capacity. However, in next 14 years child labor negatively affects health, for both height growth and lung capacity. This is confirmed by the result of the robustness check, where child labor is preponderant in next 14 years than 7 years.
Evaluasi Pengelolan Persampahan Di Kota Enrekan Kabupeten Enrekang
Authors: Rifaldi Rezky , Syafri Syafri , Yahya Ilham 
Published: March 2022

Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui serta evaluasi penegelolaan persampahan yang berada di Kota Enrekang Kabupaten Enrekang.
Variabel yang digunakan terdiri dari 5 diantaranya: (X1) Pewadahan; (X2) Pengumpulan; (X3) Pengangkutan; (X4) Pembuangan Akhir; (Y) Teknik Operasional. Metode analisis yang digunakan berupa analisis dekriptif, dengan menggambarkan atau menguraikan secara jelas kondisi yang terjadi dilokasi penelitian berdasarkan ketentuan-ketentuan teknik pengelolaan sampah yang ada.
Diketahui bahwa beberapa variabel sumber pewadahan, pengumpulan, pengangkutan, penmbuangan akhir (TPA). Dimana dari hasil analisis yang diperoleh dimana terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi rendahnya pengeloaan persampahan di Kota Enrekang dari aspek operasinal karena kondisi pengelolaan persampahan di Kota Enrekang dari segi kualitas dan kuantitas infratsruktur serta segi aspek non infrastruktur masih belum memadai, hal ini disebabkan karena kondisi wilayah Kota Enrekang yang cukup luas dengan kondisi geografis yang bergunung sehingga sangat sulit untuk mengelolah persampahan.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine and evaluate solid waste management in Enrekang City, Enrekang Regency.
The variables used consisted of 5 including: (X1) storage; (X2) Collection; (X3) Transportation; (X4) Final Disposal; (Y) Operational Engineering. The analytical method used is in the form of descriptive analysis, by describing or describing clearly the conditions that occur in the research location based on the provisions of existing waste management techniques.
It is known that several variables are source of container, collection, transportation, and final disposal (TPA). Where from the results of the analysis obtained, there are several factors that influence the low level of solid waste management in Enrekang City from the operational aspect due to the condition of waste management in Enrekang City in terms of quality and quantity of infrastructure as well as inadequate aspects of non-infrastructure, this is due to the condition of the City area. Enrekang is quite large with mountainous geographical
ABSTRACT TRANSLATION CONTEST: RELEVANCE AND METHODOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF THE ON-LINE FORMAT
Authors: Крамная Е.С. , Кириллова Е.Б. 
Published: March 2022

Постановка задачи. Чрезвычайные обстоятельства, вызванные пандемией COVID-19, заставили преподавателей модернизировать педагогический процесс, перейти частично на формат дистанционного обучения. Опыт проведения онлайн-конкурсов оказался очень востребованным, так как показал эффективность дистанционной коммуникации и обеспечил процедурную и психологическую готовность к работе в новых условиях. Для данного исследования была поставлена следующая задача: разработать новую систему методического обеспечения онлайн-конкурса реферативного перевода. Результаты. В статье рассматриваются работы отечественных и зарубежных специалистов, посвященные методике и оценке реферативного перевода, также дан анализ существующих стандартов и нормативных документов в области реферирования разного уровня. Научная новизна исследования заключается в комплексном рассмотрении роли реферативного перевода в рамках профессиональной двуязычной коммуникации, а также принципах компетентностного подхода к процессу обработки информации. Выводы. Разработаны методика проведения конкурса реферативного перевода в онлайн-формате и критерии, предъявляемые к качеству реферативного перевода, как продукту процесса переводческого реферирования.
Statement of the problem. The extraordinary circumstances caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have set before teachers the task to modernize pedagogical processes to switch partially to distance learning format. The experience of online contests turned out to be very much in demand, as it showed the effectiveness of distance communication and provided procedural and psychological readiness to work in new conditions. The objective of the paper is to develop a new system of methodological tools for on-line contest of abstract translation. Results. The article deals with the works of domestic and foreign experts devoted to methodology and assessment of abstract translation as well as the analysis of existing standards and regulations in the field of rendering at different levels. The scientific novelty of the study lies in a comprehensive consideration of the role of abstract translation within professional bilingual communication and the principles of competence approach to the process of information processing. Conclusion. The methodology for holding on-line contest of abstract translation has been developed and criteria imposed on the quality of abstract translation as a product of the process of translation rendering.