bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic Metagenomics tracks Wastewater-Associated Clinically Important Beta-lactam Resistant Bacteria Invading River Habitats
Authors: Ju Feng , Lee Jangwoo , Beck Karin , Zhang Guoqing , Gekenidis Maria-Theresia , Hummerjohann Jörg , Bürgmann Helmut 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The abundance of clinically important antibiotic resistance determinants in wastewater has raised concerns regarding their dissemination into the environment and transmission to animals and humans. However, the high bacterial diversity and complexity of environmental microbiomes makes it challenging to comprehensively detect and quantify clinically relevant resistance determinants. To tackle this outstanding technical bottleneck, classic phenotype-based approaches vastly underestimate the diversity of clinically relevant resistance in environmental reservoirs, while increasingly applied genotyping-based approaches alone usually fail to capture information on the resistance phenotype, viability, and activities of resistant bacteria.
Results
Here, we developed phenotypic metagenomics as a novel high-throughput approach to couple selective cultivation (phenotyping) and metagenomics (genotyping) to overcome these difficulties of classic phenotype or genotype-based approaches. Using this new method, we were able to track the invasion of wastewater-born multi-resistant opportunistic pathogens into river sediment and epilithic biofilm in 9 Swiss rivers downstream of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The results show that WWTPs release clinically important carbapenem-resistant opportunistic pathogens and promotes the spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase resistance genes in the receiving river water. Especially, epilithic biofilms were identified as an unrecognized environmental reservoir of wastewater-associated carbapenem resistant bacteria, which appear to also invade the gut of amphipods, a group of generalist invertebrate in local rivers. We further used metagenome-assembled genomes to characterize phenotypically resistant bacteria and their extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase resistance genes to confirm our finding that wastewater effluent increases resistance levels of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in the receiving river water.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates that where culture plating and culture-independent metagenomics fail individually, their complementary combination allows tracking multi-resistant bacteria as they invade river habitats. The proof-of-concept approach that couple resistance phenotyping and genotyping provides a roadmap for sensitive, standardized, and cost-effective surveillance of the clinically relevant aspects of environmental resistomes. The findings call for a thorough life cycle assessment of the selection and transmission of last-resort antibiotic resistance determinants from clinical to environmental reservoirs.
RRN3P2, RPL7AP64, ACTR3C, &amp; RPL7AP30 as Novel Prognostic Biomarkers for Glioblastoma (GBM): A Bioinformatics-Based Analysis
Authors: Malik Param 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The World Health Organization (WHO) notes gliomas as the most frequent intrinsic tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) and classifies gliomas into multiple histological types. Among these, the most invasive type of brain cancer histology is Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM). GBM is an extremely fast-growing type of malignant brain tumor seen in more than 15% of all patients with primary malignant brain tumors. The treatment of GBM poses a substantial clinical challenge due to tumor heterogeneity, ineffectiveness of surgery/radiotherapy, and chemoresistance. Prognostic biomarkers will enable clinicians to identify patients with a more aggressive tumor evolution.
Methods
To identify novel biomarkers in GBM, gene expression datasets of metastatic brain cancer were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), a publicly-available collection of genomic data relating to the molecular and clinical basis of cancer. Genes from patient files were retrieved and analyzed for oncogenic capacity, metastatic contribution, and potential for prognostic signature.
Results
Using the differentially expressed genes RRN3P2, RPL7AP64, ACTR3C, and RPL7AP30, survival curves were generated using Kaplan Meier test to explore the prognostic value of the select risk signature. Further, immune infiltration analyses were performed to assess the immune infiltrates of six tumor-immune infiltrating cells (TIIC) subsets. Gene Ontology and KEGG were used to identify the correlated molecular pathways of the target genes and present possible therapeutic direction. Upregulation of RRN3P2, RPL7AP64, and ACTR3C were associated with lower survival probability among patients, while upregulation of RPL7AP30 correlated with higher survival probability among patients. This study explores the prognostic value of RRN3P2, RPL7AP64, ACTR3C, and RPL7AP30 genes in GBM, and provides new insight into the therapeutic value of the correlated molecular pathways of the set of genes. Further, this model is expected to provide guidance for clinical evaluation of the prognosis of GBM patients with overexpression of the aforementioned genes.
Conclusion
Overexpression of RRN3P2, RPL7AP64, and ACTR3C gene was significantly associated with poor survival outcomes in patients, while overexpression of RPL7AP30 gene was significantly associated with better survival in patients. Therefore, RRN3P2, RPL7AP64, ACTR3C & RPL7AP30 can potentially be used as auxiliary prognostic biomarkers for GBM, and upon further in-vitro experimentation, their respective molecular pathways can serve as potential therapeutic targets.
Mechanistic Study on the Effect of Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Agonist Drugs against Doxorubicin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Ali Azza A. , Saad Eman B. , Hassan Rana , El-Raouf Ola M. Abd , Gad Amany M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the basic chemotherapeutic drugs for cancer treatment, but its use is restricted due to noxious side effects. One of the major side effects that restrict its medical use is kidney failure. The PPAR-α agonists have been displayed to have beneficial effects against drug-induced nephropathy in animals. Similarly, PPAR-γ agonists have revealed nephroprotection by haemodynamic, vascular, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and metabolic effects. This study examined the nephroprotective effects of fenofibrate (FENO) and pioglitazone (PIO) against the nephrotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in rats and illustrate the probable mechanisms underlying these protective effects. For this purpose, Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing (200 to 230 g) were allocated into seven groups treated for 15 days as following: control (50% corn oil + 50% DMSO p.o), fenofibrate (100 mg/kg p.o) and pioglitazone (10 mg/kg p.o) as well as four groups of DOX (15 mg/kg i.p on 11th day). DOX groups included DOX alone and DOX with protective drugs fenofibrate, pioglitazone or both of them. As a result of doxorubicin nephrotoxicity; serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly elevated. Moreover, renal glutathione (GSH) was significantly reduced while tissue lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor-kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) and caspase-3 (Casp-3) were significantly increased. Administration of fenofibrate and pioglitazone either alone or in combination significantly attenuated DOX-induced injury by suppression of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. The above-mentioned biochemical markers were affirmed by histological assessment. In conclusion, Fenofibrate, pioglitazone and their combination possess promising protective effects against doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity through modulation of p38-MAPK/ NF-κB p65 pathway with superiority to the combination.
Development of the genotyping marker for Reeves’ turtle (Mauremys reevesii) using high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis
Authors: Park Chang-Deuk , Kim Keun-Sik , Kim Keun-Yong , Heo Jung Soo , Oh Hong-Shik , Park Seon-Mi , Yoon Ju-Duk 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Reeves’ turtle, Mauremys reevesii, resides in freshwater bodies of Korea, China, Japan, and Taiwan, and is designated as an endangered species in the Republic of Korea (ROK). However, international pet trade among East Asian countries has made it difficult to identify the indigenous population of M. reevesii in the ROK. In this study, a genotyping marker targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome b (COB) region that easily distinguishes the Korean population was developed for high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis and applied to 27 blood samples obtained from diverse Korean freshwater bodies and pet trade markets. The HRM analysis produced three distinct HRM curves that were designated as the Korean Type, Chinese Type, and Minor Type, whose results exactly matched those of COB sequencing. Our genotyping method will be useful for the rapid and accurate identification of the native population of M. reevesii in the ROK.
Stepwise logistic regression, hierarchical logistic regression, CART and Naïve Bayes for predicting learners’ numeracy test results
Authors: Montshiwa Tlhalitshi Volition , Botlhoko Tshegofatso 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The prediction of early childhood numeracy skills development is often studied by determining the learner’s performance in a numeracy test. It is an important study area since numeracy impacts on the learner’s mathematical and statistical abilities later in life. Despite having pros and cons over each other, classification algorithms are often applied in the prediction of early childhood numeracy skills development without justifying the choice of a certain algorithm over others. In this paper, the bi-directional stepwise logistic regression model (SLRM), hierarchical logistic regression model (HLRM), classification and regression tree (CART) and Naïve Bayes (NB) algorithm were compared in terms of their ability to accurately classify some learners as having passed or having failed a numeracy test. The intention was to determine the most accurate algorithm from the four relative to predicting the learner’s performance in a numeracy test. The algorithms were compared using the true positive rate, true negative rate, specificity, sensitivity, classification error, classification accuracy and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve. The results showed that the HLRM which has been applied by several previous studies on the prediction of numeracy test competence is the best classifier followed by SLRM, CART then NB. The study also confirmed some important predictors of the learner’s performance in a numeracy test some of which were also identified by some previous studies on early childhood numeracy development. Some gaps and recommendations for future research pertaining to the classification algorithms as well as implications for practice were also highlighted. We have made the HLRM scoring algorithm generated from SPSS available as a supplementary material and can be used to classify a set of new learners to either the pass or fail group.
Experience of internal growth of women with recurrent miscarriage: based on the posttraumatic growth theory
Authors: Shin Gisoo , Kim Hye Jin , Kim Sung Hae 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Recurrent miscarriage is an unpredictable trauma in a woman's life, and they experience despair and frustration. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the experience of South Korean women after miscarriage.
Methods
This study conducted to understand the meaning of recurrent miscarriage using a qualitative thematic analysis method based on the posttraumatic growth theory. A total of 23 participants who had repeated miscarriages three or more times participated in this study. The data were collected through in-depth interviews conducted from May to July 2017.
Results
We identified five properties as follows: 1) confusing as like muddy water, 2) self-reflection on daily life, 3) creating a new relationship through empathy, 4) the culture`s inherent animism or shamanism, and 5) transforming for internal growth were derived.
Conclusions
Based on the results of this study, it was found that the participants suffering from miscarriage can recover from their losses through resilience and intervention strategies and ultimately improve their quality of life through emotional support. The findings indicated the value of enhanced recovery education, which might help women understand the changes in their lives after miscarriage.
Gadolinium-dominant monazite and xenotime: Selective hydrothermal enrichment of middle REE during low-temperature alteration of uraninite, brannerite, and fluorapatite (the Zimná Voda REE-U-Au quartz vein, Western Carpathians, Slovakia)
Authors: Ondrejka Martin , Uher Pavel , Ferenc Štefan , Milovská Stanislava , Mikuš Tomáš , Molnárová Alexandra , Škoda Radek , Kopáčik Richard , Bačík Peter 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA hydrothermal quartz vein with REE-U-Au mineralization in the Zimná Voda (Gemeric Unit, Western Carpathians, Slovakia) is associated with contact metamorphism between Permian granites and host phyllites and metaquartzites. It contains unique REE minerals of the monazite and xenotime groups. Monazite-(Ce), monazite-(Nd), monazite-(Sm), and Gd-dominant monazite [“monazite-(Gd)”], along with xenotime-(Y) to Gd-dominant xenotime [“xenotime-(Gd)”] and Gd-rich hingganite-(Y) show heterogeneous compositions and reflect a strong fractionation trend toward the enrichment of MREE (Sm to Dy), particularly Gd. Here, the gadolinium abundance reported in “monazite-(Gd)” (≤23.4 wt% Gd2O3) and Gd-rich xenotime-(Y) to “xenotime-(Gd)” (≤28.7 wt% Gd2O3) and accompanied by Gd-rich hingganite-(Y) (≤15.8 wt% Gd2O3), is among the highest Gd concentrations ever reported in natural minerals. The Gd-richest compositions show the following formulas: (Gd0.31Sm0.24 Nd0.15Ce0.10La0.05Dy0.03Y0.03…)0.98PO4 [“monazite-(Gd)”], (Gd0.36Y0.32Dy0.13Sm0.08Tb0.05…)0.98 (P0.96As0.04)1.00O4 [“xenotime-(Gd)”] and (Y0.71Gd0.43Dy0.23Sm0.22Tb0.06Er0.04Nd0.06…Ca0.06)1.96 (☐0.87Fe0.132+)1.00(Be1.82B0.18)2.00(Si1.90As0.10)2.00O8(OH1.70O0.30)2.00 [hingganite-(Y)]. The MREE-rich monazites, xenotimes, and hingganite-(Y) precipitated in response to the alteration of primary uraninite, brannerite, and fluorapatite by low-temperature hydrothermal fluids of heterogeneous compositions on a microscale. These are responsible for the strong enrichment of individual MREE, especially Gd in the secondary minerals. This is accompanied by the advancing development of the W-type tetrad effect on REE through monazite species. The substantial incorporation of Gd into both REE-selective monazite and xenotime structures that are accompanied by LREE vs. HREE segregation indicates the possibility of differently sized REE3+ miscibility in REEPO4 solid solutions, as well as the stabilization of the Gd-rich orthophosphate structure by substitution of the remaining A-site cations with smaller HREE+Y in the xenotime-type, and/or larger LREE in the monazite-type structure.
Papel do Psicólogo no Centro de Referência de Assistência Social
Authors: Emanuel Ferreira Cardoso Leonam , Ferreira Guimaraes Rodolfo , Barbosa da Silva Roberta 
Published: April 2022

No Brasil, o Centro de Referência de Assistência Social (CRAS) é a unidade pública e gratuita responsável pela oferta de serviços de Proteção Social Básica do Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS). É um serviço que atua mediante a intervenção de equipes multidisciplinares, voltado para o atendimento da população, especialmente nas áreas de maior vulnerabilidade e risco social, realizando atendimentos aos indivíduos e suas famílias. Frente a isto, considerando os múltiplos papéis desempenhados pelos Psicólogos, este artigo visa, sobretudo, abordar a estrutura do CRAS e elencar os papéis desempenhados por esses profissionais no âmbito desse dispositivo, na intervenção social, contextualizando sua relevância para o cumprimento do papel da Assistência Social no Brasil. Como metodologia, utilizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica, com consulta a fontes disponíveis nos meios eletrônicos, da literatura especializada no tema, visando um maior aprofundamento dos conhecimentos adquiridos durante o cumprimento do estágio supervisionado. Foi possível concluir que no CRAS o psicólogo desenvolve atividades que permitem estabelecer uma conexão entre os usuários, com seus conflitos, e o Estado, propiciando um espaço onde as demandas subjetivas podem emergir e, com elas, os conflitos podem ganhar uma dimensão mais ampla, possibilitando intervenções preventivas e disponibilizando procedimentos e encaminhamentos.
Is There a Relation between Hypothyroidism and Polycystic Ovary
Syndrome and its Metabolic Components?
Authors: Milani Nasrin , Bonakdaran Shokoufeh , Khorasani Zahra Mazloum , Hosseinzadeh Mansoore , Kabiri Mona 
Published: April 2022

Objective:
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the incidence of hypothyroidism in PCOS patients compared with healthy control groups, as well as the impact of hypothyroidism on metabolic parameters, particularly insulin resistance, in PCOS patients.

Method:
Forty-one women with PCOS criteria and 41 healthy women as controls was selected. From March to November 2018, sick and healthy people were randomly. Participants' demographic information was gathered. Between the case and control groups, thyroid function tests were compared. Metabolic parameters were examined between hypothyroid and euthyroid PCOS individuals.

Results:
Patients with PCOS showed a greater incidence of hypothyroidism and higher level of anti-TPO than control group. HDL cholesterol was substantially greater in hypothyroid PCOS patients than in non-hypothyroid individuals, although there were no significant changes in other metabolic markers. Insulin resistance was comparable in PCOS patients with hypothyroidism and those who did not. Autoimmunity was not linked to a higher risk of metabolic problems.

Conclusion:
We found that PCOS patients had a higher prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism compared with healthy subjects. Metabolic indicators, with the exception of HDL, were not different between PCOS patients with and without hypothyroidism.
The Effect of Injection of Secretome of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem
Cells in Articular Cartilage Repair in Sheep Model
Authors: Lubis Andri M.T. , Luthfi Andi Praja Wira Yudha , Pawitan Jeanne Adiwinata , Priosoeryanto Bambang Pontjo , Canintika Anissa Feby 
Published: April 2022

Introduction:
Articular cartilage is an avascular, aneural, and alymphatic tissue that has limited capacity to regenerate. Numerous techniques have been employed to repair or regenerate; however, the success rate varies. In fact, most of them result in the formation of fibrocartilage, not hyaline cartilage. The future of treating cartilage defects lies in providing biologic solutions through cartilage regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising therapy for cartilage regeneration. These cells secrete factors that enhance cartilage repair. In this study, the effects of intra-articular injection of human umbilical cord MSC (hUC-MSC) secretome on cartilage damage was studied in a sheep model.

Methods:
Standardized rectangular (5x5 mm) full-thickness chondral defects were created in the lateral femoral condyle of 15 adult sheep and debrided down to the subchondral bone plate. Three treatment groups were tested: 4 microfracture perforations using 1.0mm diameter awls (group 1), intra-articular injection of hUC-MSC secretome (group 2), and combination of microfracture and intra-articular injection of hUC-MSC secretome (group 3). Osteochondral repair was assessed at 6 months using established macroscopic and histological analyses.

Results::
Macroscopically, application of combined therapy shows significant improvement of cartilage repair compared to microfracture alone (p=0.004). Microscopically, the application of combined therapy shows significant improvement of cartilage repair compared to secretome injection alone (p=0.031)

Conclusion:
Microfracture combined with injection of hUCB-MSCs secretome could be an effective alternative for repairing articular cartilage defects in vivo.
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and their EVs as Potential Leads for SARSCoV2
Treatment
Authors: Kia Vahid , Eshaghi-Gorji Reza , Mansour Reyhaneh Nassiri , Hassannia Hadi , Hasanzadeh Elham , Gheibi Mobina , Mellati Amir , Enderami Seyed Ehsan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
In December 2019, a betacoronavirus was isolated from pneumonia cases in China and rapidly
turned into a pandemic of COVID-19. The virus is an enveloped positive-sense ssRNA and causes a severe
respiratory syndrome along with a cytokine storm, which is the main cause of most complications.
Therefore, treatments that can effectively control the inflammatory reactions are necessary. Mesenchymal
Stromal Cells and their EVs are well-known for their immunomodulatory effects, inflammation reduction,
and regenerative potentials. These effects are exerted through paracrine secretion of various factors. Their
EVs also transport various molecules such as microRNAs to other cells and affect recipient cells' behavior.
Scores of research and clinical trials have indicated the therapeutic potential of EVs in various diseases.
EVs also seem to be a promising approach for severe COVID-19 treatment. EVs have also been used
to develop vaccines since EVs are biocompatible nanoparticles that can be easily isolated and engineered.
In this review, we have focused on the use of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and their EVs for the treatment
of COVID-19, their therapeutic capabilities, and vaccine development.
Nanoparticles Targeting Delivery Antagomir-483-5p to Bone Marrow
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Treat Osteoporosis by Increasing Bone Formation
Authors: Zhou Yue , Jia Hao , Hu Aihua , Liu Rangru , Zeng Xiangzhou , Wang Hua 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Promoting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) osteoblastic differentiation
is a promising therapeutic strategy for osteoporosis (OP). The present study demonstrates that miR-
483-5p inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Therefore, selectively delivering the nanoparticles
carrying antagomir-483-5p (miR-483-5p inhibitor) to BMSCs is expected to become an effective
treatment drug for OP.

Methods:
Real-time PCR assays were used to analyze miR-483-5p, ALP and Bglap levels in BMSCs of
ovariectomized and aged osteoporotic mice. Immunoglobulin G and poloxamer-188 encapsulated the
functional small molecules, and a BMSC-targeting aptamer was employed to confirm the direction of the
nanoparticles to selectively and efficiently deliver antagomir-483-5p to BMSCs in vivo. Luciferase assays
were used to determine the target genes of miR-483-5p. Western blot assays and immunohistochemistry
staining were used to detect the targets in vitro and in vivo.

Results:
miR-483-5p levels were increased in BMSCs of ovariectomized and aged osteoporotic mice.
Inhibiting miR-483-5p levels in BMSCs by antagomir-483-5p in vitro promoted the expression of bone
formation markers, such as ALP and Bglap. The FAM-BMSC-aptamer-nanoparticles carrying antagomir-
483-5p were taken up by BMSCs, resulting in stimulation of BMSC osteoblastic differentiation in vitro
and osteoporosis prevention in vivo. Furthermore, our research demonstrated that mitogen-activated protein
kinase 1 (MAPK1) and SMAD family member 5 (Smad5) were direct targets of miR-483-5p in regulating
BMSC osteoblastic differentiation and osteoporosis pathological processes.

Conclusions:
The important therapeutic role of FAM-BMSC-aptamer-nanoparticles carrying antagomir-
483-5p in osteoporosis was established in our study. These nanoparticles are a novel candidate for the
clinical prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. The optimized, targeted drug delivery platform for
small molecules will provide new ideas for treating clinical diseases.