bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Adherence to Healthy Dietary Habits Through the Urinary Food Metabolome: Results From a European Two-Center Study
Authors: Castellano-Escuder Pol , González-Domínguez Raúl , Vaillant Marie-France , Casas-Agustench Patricia , Hidalgo-Liberona Nicole , Estanyol-Torres Núria , Wilson Thomas , Beckmann Manfred , Lloyd Amanda J. , Oberli Marion , Moinard Christophe , Pison Christophe , Borel Jean-Christian , Joyeux-Faure Marie , Sicard Mariette , Artemova Svetlana , Terrisse Hugo , Dancer Paul , Draper John , Sánchez-Pla Alex , Andres-Lacueva Cristina 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundDiet is one of the most important modifiable lifestyle factors in human health and in chronic disease prevention. Thus, accurate dietary assessment is essential for reliably evaluating adherence to healthy habits.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to identify urinary metabolites that could serve as robust biomarkers of diet quality, as assessed through the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010).DesignWe set up two-center samples of 160 healthy volunteers, aged between 25 and 50, living as a couple or family, with repeated urine sampling and dietary assessment at baseline, and 6 and 12 months over a year. Urine samples were subjected to large-scale metabolomics analysis for comprehensive quantitative characterization of the food-related metabolome. Then, lasso regularized regression analysis and limma univariate analysis were applied to identify those metabolites associated with the AHEI-2010, and to investigate the reproducibility of these associations over time.ResultsSeveral polyphenol microbial metabolites were found to be positively associated with the AHEI-2010 score; urinary enterolactone glucuronide showed a reproducible association at the three study time points [false discovery rate (FDR): 0.016, 0.014, 0.016]. Furthermore, other associations were found between the AHEI-2010 and various metabolites related to the intake of coffee, red meat and fish, whereas other polyphenol phase II metabolites were associated with higher AHEI-2010 scores at one of the three time points investigated (FDR &lt; 0.05 or β ≠ 0).ConclusionWe have demonstrated that urinary metabolites, and particularly microbiota-derived metabolites, could serve as reliable indicators of adherence to healthy dietary habits.Clinical Trail Registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT03169088.
Correlation of Gut Microbiota, Vitamin D Status, and Pulmonary Function Tests in Children With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Albedewi Hadeel , Bindayel Iman , Albarrag Ahmed , Banjar Hanaa 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundChildren with cystic fibrosis (CF) are expected to have suboptimal serum vitamin D status and altered gut microbiota. The altered gut microbiota is hypothesized to have a pro-inflammatory effect that further complicates the existing respiratory inflammation. Emerging evidence suggests an association between vitamin D and gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to assess the relationships between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status, pulmonary function, and fecal bacteria in children with CF.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, a total of 35 children with CF (8.7 ± 2.83 years) and 24 controls without CF (9 ± 2.7 years) were included in this study. Serum 25(OH)D status was measured using the Elecsys vitamin D total II assay. In the CF group, gut microbiota composition was assessed using real-time PCR analysis. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were measured using spirometry. Comparisons between the CF and non-CF controls were conducted using the independent sample t-test. In the CF group, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess differences in PFTs and gut microbiota composition across the three vitamin D subgroups. The correlations between 25(OH)D status and PFTs, or gut microbiota composition, and PFTs with gut microbiota composition were analyzed using the Pearson's correlation coefficient test.ResultsChildren with CF had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D levels compared with children without CF (44.3 ± 22.4 vs. 59 ± 25.5, respectively, P = 0.026). Children with CF with optimal serum 25(OH)D level had significantly higher levels of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and total bacteria (P = 0.007, P = 0.007, and P = 0.022, respectively). The level of Firmicutes was found to be significantly higher in mild forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) compared with moderate FEV1 (P = 0.032), whereas the level of the other bacteria species was comparable across FEV1 severity groups.ConclusionOur findings may encourage studies that target and modify gut microbiota to potentially achieve better outcomes in terms of respiratory function in CF.
Maternal Consumption of Milk or Dairy Products During Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis
Authors: Huang Donghui , Wu Qijun , Xu Xin , Ji Chao , Xia Yang , Zhao Zhiying , Dai Huixu , Li Hang , Gao Shanyan , Chang Qing , Zhao Yuhong 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThis study aimed to systematically review current evidence and quantitatively evaluate the associations between milk or dairy consumption during pregnancy and birth outcomes.MethodsThis systematic review had been reported in accordance with the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. A supplementary literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase was conducted on 30 March 2021. Studies that assessed the association of maternal consumption of milk or dairy with birth-related outcomes were identified. The dose-response meta-analyses of continuous data and categorical data were applied. One-stage approach and two-stage approach were used where appropriate.ResultsIn total, 42 studies were eligible for the present systematic review, and 18 of them were included in the outcome-specific meta-analyses. The dose-response meta-analysis [Number of studies (N) = 9] predicted a maximum mean change in birthweight of 63.38 g [95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.08, 126.67] at 5.00 servings per day. Intake of dairy products had the greatest protective effect on small for gestational age at a maximum of 7.2 servings per day [Relative risk (RR) = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.56, 0.85] (N = 7). The risk of large for gestational age was predicted to be maximum at 7.20 servings per day of dairy consumption, with the RR and 95% CI of 1.30 (1.15, 1.46; N = 4). In addition, the relationship between dairy consumption and low birth weight (RR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.33, 1.50; N = 5) and pre-mature birth (RR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.87, 1.47; N = 5) was not significant, respectively.ConclusionsMaternal consumption of dairy during pregnancy has a potential effect on fetal growth. Further well-designed studies are warranted to clarify the specific roles of individual dairy products.Systematic Review Registrationidentifier: PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020150608
High Expression Levels of SIGLEC9 Indicate Poor Outcomes of Glioma and Correlate With Immune Cell Infiltration
Authors: Xu Heng , Feng Yanyan , Kong Weijia , Wang Hesong , Feng Yuyin , Zhen Jianhua , Tian Lichun , Yuan Kai 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value and underlying mechanisms of sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 9 (SIGLEC9) in gliomas.Patients and MethodsThe Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases were used to analyze the association of SIGLEC9 expression levels with tumor stages and survival probability. Immunohistochemical staining of SIGLEC9 and survival analysis were performed in 177 glioma patients. Furthermore, related mechanisms were discovered about SIGLEC9 in glioma tumorigenesis, and we reveal how SIGLEC9 functions in macrophages through single-cell analysis.ResultsTCGA and CGGA databases indicated that patients with high SIGLEC9 expression manifested a significantly shorter survival probability than those with low SIGLEC9 expression. SIGLEC9 was upregulated significantly in malignant pathological types, such as grade III, grade IV, mesenchymal subtype, and isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type gliomas. The immunohistochemical staining of tissue sections from 177 glioma patients showed that high-SIGLEC9-expression patients manifested a significantly shorter survival probability than low-SIGLEC9-expression patients with age ≧60 years, grade IV, glioblastoma multiforme, alpha thalassemia/intellectual disability syndrome X-linked loss, and without radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Furthermore, the SIGLEC9 expression level was positively correlated with myeloid-derived suppressor cell infiltration and neutrophil activation. The SIGLEC9 expression was also positively correlated with major immune checkpoints, such as LAIR1, HAVCR2, CD86, and LGALS9. Through single-cell analysis, we found that the SIGLEC9 gene is related to the ability of macrophages to process antigens and the proliferation of macrophages.ConclusionThese findings suggested that SIGLEC9 is a diagnostic marker of poor outcomes in glioma and might serve as a potential immunotherapy target for glioma patients in the future.
Cardiac Manifestations of Myotonic Dystrophy in a Pediatric Cohort
Authors: Brunet Garcia Laia , Hajra Ankita , Field Ella , Wacher Joseph , Walsh Helen , Norrish Gabrielle , Manzur Adnan , Muntoni Francesco , Munot Pinki , Robb Stephanie , Quinlivan Rosaline , Scoto Mariacristina , Baranello Giovanni , Sarkozy Anna , Starling Luke , Kaski Juan Pablo , Cervi Elena 
Published: June 2022

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is the most prevalent inherited neuromuscular dystrophy in adults. It is a multisystem disease with cardiac manifestations. Whilst these are well-defined in adults, there are scarce published data in the pediatric population. This study aimed to investigate the yield and progression of cardiac disease in pediatric DM1 patients, focusing on congenital DM1 (cDM1).MethodsA retrospective observational study of all pediatric DM1 patients referred to our center (December 2000-November 2020) was conducted. Patients were classified into DM1 forms according to age of symptom onset and disease severity. Patients underwent clinical and cardiac evaluation with 12-lead ECG, transthoracic echocardiography and 24-h ECG Holter monitoring.Results67 DM1 pediatric patients were included: 56 (83.6%) cDM1 and 11 (16.4%) non-cDM1. Median follow-up time of cDM1 patients was 8.0 [3.25–11.0] years. 49 (87.5%) cDM1 patients had baseline 12-lead ECG and 44 (78.6%) had a follow-up 12-lead-ECG, with a median follow-up time from diagnosis to baseline ECG of 2.8 [1.0–8.5] years and to follow-up ECG of 10.9 [5.7–14.2] years. Overall, 43 (87.8%) presented ECG abnormalities, most commonly in the form of asymptomatic conduction disease (n = 23, 46.9%), of which 21 (42.9%) had first degree atrioventricular block (1st AVB). There was an increase of prevalence from baseline to follow-up ECG in low QRS voltage (16.7%), poor R wave progression (13.9%), abnormal repolarisation (11.9%) and 1st AVB (7.6%). one patient (1.8%) underwent pacemaker implantation for syncope in the context of progressive conduction disease. No patients developed left ventricular systolic dysfunction. 4 (7.1%) cDM1 patients died during follow up, including three who died suddenly with no clear cause of death.ConclusionsThis study is the first to analyse the prevalence and progression of ECG abnormalities in cDM1 pediatric patients. The high prevalence of abnormal findings, progressive changes and number of potentially associated events (1 pacemaker implantation and 3 unexplained sudden deaths) stresses the importance of systematic and continued cardiac evaluation of these patients.
Severe Outcomes Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sumner Madeleine W. , Kanngiesser Alicia , Lotfali-Khani Kosar , Lodha Nidhi , Lorenzetti Diane , Funk Anna L. , Freedman Stephen B. 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo estimate the proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infected children experiencing hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, severe outcomes, and death.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, and MedRxiv were searched for studies published between December 1, 2019 and May 28, 2021. References of relevant systematic reviews were also screened.Study SelectionWe included cohort or cross-sectional studies reporting on at least one outcome measure (i.e., hospitalization, ICU admission, severe outcomes, death) for ≥100 children ≤21 years old within 28 days of SARS-CoV-2 positivity; no language restrictions were applied.Data Extraction and SynthesisTwo independent reviewers performed data extraction and risk of bias assessment. Estimates were pooled using random effects models. We adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPercentage of SARS-CoV-2 positive children experiencing hospitalization, ICU admission, severe outcome, and death.Results118 studies representing 3,324,851 SARS-CoV-2 infected children from 68 countries were included. Community-based studies (N = 48) reported that 3.3% (95%CI: 2.7–4.0%) of children were hospitalized, 0.3% (95%CI: 0.2–0.6%) were admitted to the ICU, 0.1% (95%CI: 0.0–2.2%) experienced a “severe” outcome and 0.02% (95%CI: 0.001–0.05%) died. Hospital-based screening studies (N = 39) reported that 23.9% (95%CI: 19.0–29.2%) of children were hospitalized, 2.9% (95%CI: 2.1–3.8%) were admitted to the ICU, 1.3% (95%CI: 0.5–2.3%) experienced a severe outcome, and 0.2% (95%CI: 0.02–0.5%) died. Studies of hospitalized children (N = 31) reported that 10.1% (95%CI: 6.1–14.9%) of children required ICU admission, 4.2% (95%CI: 0.0–13.8%) had a severe outcome and 1.1% (95%CI: 0.2–2.3%) died. Low risk of bias studies, those from high-income countries, and those reporting outcomes later in the pandemic presented lower estimates. However, studies reporting outcomes after May 31, 2020, compared to earlier publications, had higher proportions of hospitalized patients requiring ICU admission and experiencing severe outcomes.Conclusion and RelevanceAmong children tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, 3.3% were hospitalized, with rates being higher early in the pandemic. Severe outcomes, ICU admission and death were uncommon, however estimates vary by study population, pandemic timing, study risk of bias, and economic status of the country.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO, identifier [CRD42021260164].
The Therapeutic Potential of Ethnomedicinally Important Anatolian Thyme Species: A Phytochemical and Biological Assessment
Authors: Eroglu Ozkan Esra , Ersoy Ezgi , Yesil Canturk Yeter , Mataraci Kara Emel , Cinar Ercan , Sahin Hasan , Karahan Selim , Karaca Sancaktepe Kubra , Yilmaz Mustafa Abdullah , Boga Mehmet 
Published: June 2022

Thyme has been used for various therapeutic purposes in many different cultures, which makes it one of the most riveting medicinal plants throughout history. From its beneficial effects on the respiratory tract or the gastrointestinal system, to its unique skin-related activities, the investigation of the medicinal properties of thyme has always been an alluring topic for researchers aiming to develop conventional medications from this traditional herb. With an incentive to contribute to the extensive thyme research, threeThymusL. species namelyThymus cariensisHub-Mor. &amp; Jalas (endemic),Thymus praceoxsubsp.grossheimii(Ronniger) Jalas, andThymus pubescensBoiss. et Kotschy ex Celak from Turkey were deeply investigated within this study. The analysis of the phytochemical constituents of the extracts was conducted by LC-MS/MS. 12 biologically important secondary metabolites (p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, salicylic acid, quinic acid, fumaric acid, vanillin, malic acid, rutin, apigenin, naringenin, and nicotiflorin) were detected in all extracts. Their total phenolic and flavonoid contents were calculated (11.15 ± 0.17—61.12 ± 2.59 μg PEs/mg extract, 2.53 ± 0.04—40.28 ± 0.92 μg QEs/mg extract, respectively), and the antioxidant potential of the extracts was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging and CUPRAC activity methods, accordingly, the extracts were shown to possess significant antioxidant activity. Among them,Thymus cariensisHub-Mor. &amp; Jalas was the most active with IC50values of 34.97 ± 1.00 μg/ml and 9.98 ± 0.04 μg/ml regarding the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, respectively, and an A0.5value of 5.80 ± 0.02 μg/ml according to CUPRAC activity method. Their anticholinesterase, antityrosinase, and antiurease activities were also tested,Thymus cariensisHub-Mor. &amp; Jalas (35.61 ± 1.20%) andThymus pubescensBoiss. et Kotschy ex Celak aerial part extract (33.49 ± 1.39%) exhibited moderate antibutyrylcholinesterase activity at 200 μg/ml concentration. The results of the cell viability assay indicated that the extracts demonstrated moderate-to-low cytotoxicity on A498 human renal cell lines. Furthermore, all studied extracts exerted noteworthy antimicrobial activity, especially againstCandida tropicalis(MIC values: 19.53—78.12 μg/ml). The presented data substantiates the use of thyme extracts as therapeutic agents in both ethnomedicine and conventional therapies.
Future Circular Collider: Integrated Programme and Feasibility Study
Authors: Benedikt Michael , Zimmermann Frank 
Published: June 2022

The Future Circular Collider (FCC) Integrated Project foresees, in a first stage, a high-luminosity high-energy electron-positron collider, serving as Higgs, top and electroweak factory, and, in a second stage, an energy frontier hadron collider, with a centre-of-mass energy of at least 100 TeV. This programme well matches the highest priority future requests issued by the 2020 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics. In 2021, with the support of the CERN Council, a five-year FCC Feasibility Study was launched. In this article, we present the FCC integrated project and the preparations for the FCC Feasibility Study.
Autoregulation of Cerebral Blood Flow During 3-h Continuous Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation at 27°C
Authors: Valkov Sergei , Nilsen Jan Harald , Mohyuddin Rizwan , Schanche Torstein , Kondratiev Timofei , Sieck Gary C. , Tveita Torkjel 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Victims of accidental hypothermia in hypothermic cardiac arrest (HCA) may survive with favorable neurologic outcome if early and continuous prehospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is started and continued during evacuation and transport. The efficacy of cerebral autoregulation during hypothermic CPR is largely unknown and is aim of the present experiment.Methods: Anesthetized pigs (n = 8) were surface cooled to HCA at 27°C before 3 h continuous CPR. Central hemodynamics, cerebral O2 delivery (DO2) and uptake (VO2), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) were determined before cooling, at 32°C and at 27°C, then at 15 min after the start of CPR, and hourly thereafter. To estimate cerebral autoregulation, the static autoregulatory index (sARI), and the CBF/VO2 ratio were determined.Results: After the initial 15-min period of CPR at 27°C, cardiac output (CO) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were reduced significantly when compared to corresponding values during spontaneous circulation at 27°C (−66.7% and −44.4%, respectively), and remained reduced during the subsequent 3-h period of CPR. During the first 2-h period of CPR at 27°C, blood flow in five different brain areas remained unchanged when compared to the level during spontaneous circulation at 27°C, but after 3 h of CPR blood flow in 2 of the 5 areas was significantly reduced. Cooling to 27°C reduced cerebral DO2 by 67.3% and VO2 by 84.4%. Cerebral VO2 was significantly reduced first after 3 h of CPR. Cerebral DO2 remained unaltered compared to corresponding levels measured during spontaneous circulation at 27°C. Cerebral autoregulation was preserved (sARI &gt; 0.4), at least during the first 2 h of CPR. Interestingly, the CBF/VO2 ratio during spontaneous circulation at 27°C indicated the presence of an affluent cerebral DO2, whereas after CPR, the CBF/VO2 ratio returned to the level of spontaneous circulation at 38°C.Conclusion: Despite a reduced CO, continuous CPR for 3 h at 27°C provided sufficient cerebral DO2 to maintain aerobic metabolism and to preserve cerebral autoregulation during the first 2-h period of CPR. This new information supports early start and continued CPR in accidental hypothermia patients during rescue and transportation for in hospital rewarming.
The Associations of Electronic Media Use With Sleep and Circadian Problems, Social, Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties in Adolescents
Authors: Li Tim M. H. , Chan Ngan Yin , Li Chun-Tung , Chen Jie , Chan Joey W. Y. , Liu Yaping , Li Shirley Xin , Li Albert Martin , Zhang Jihui , Wing Yun-Kwok 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundElectronic media use (EMU) becomes one of the most common activities in adolescents. The present study investigated the deleterious influence of excessive EMU and EMU before bedtime on social, emotional, and behavioral difficulties (SEBD) in adolescents. The role of sleep and circadian problems in mediating the association of EMU with SEBD was examined.MethodsA cross-sectional survey study was conducted with 3,455 adolescents (55.7% female, mean age = 14.8 ± 1.57 years, 36.6% monthly family income &lt; HK$15,000) between December 2011 and March 2012 in Hong Kong. The associations of EMU with sleep and circadian problems and SEBD were analyzed using multiple binary logistic regression and path analysis. Sleep problems were measured by the Insomnia Severity Index and the reduced Horne and Östberg Morningness and Eveningness Questionnaire. Circadian problems were calculated based on established formulas. SEBD was measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Participants' mental health status was assessed by the General Health Questionnaire.ResultsA longer duration of EMU, excessive EMU (daily duration ≥ 2 h), and bedtime EMU (an hour before bedtime) were associated with the risk of sleep and circadian problems, poor mental health, and SEBD (p &lt; 0.05). Insomnia, eveningness, social jetlag, and sleep deprivation were found to mediate the associations of EMU (including bedtime EMU of computers, electronic game consoles, phones, and televisions, together with excessive EMU of computers for leisure purposes and phones) with mental health and SEBD.ConclusionsThe findings suggest the need for setting up guidelines and advocacy for education for appropriate EMU and intervention for the associated sleep and circadian problems to ameliorate EMU-related mental and behavioral health problems in adolescents.