bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Highly Efficient and Eco-Friendly EA-Substituted Tin Based Perovskite Solar Cell with Different Hole Transport Material
Authors: Chandel Rashi , Punetha deepak , Dhawan Divya , Gupta Neena 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The perovskite absorber layer are considered highly efficient solar cell for low-cost electricity production. In this research work, an EA-substituted tin based perovskite solar cell with different hole transport material (PEDOT: PSS, Cu2O, CuI, CZTSe) have been investigated using device simulation software. The effects of absorber thickness, defect density, operating temperature, J-V characteristics, and Quantum efficiency have been considered to enhance the performance of solar cell. To confirm the feasibility and validate the study, all the simulation results were compared with reported experiment data. According to the experimental work based on (FA0.9EA0.1)0.98EDA0.01SnI3 absorber layer, maximum of 13% efficiency is achieved with PEDOT: PSS as the HTM. Whereas we have further optimized performance parameters and found the superior response (Voc=0.8851 V, Jsc=27.24 mA/cm2, FF=77.91%, and PCE=18.78%) while opted Cu2O as the hole transport material. This device structure FTO/Cu2O/(FA0.9EA0.1)0.98EDA0.01SnI3/IDL/PCBM/C60/Au provides the more efficient, reliable solution for replacing the lead-based perovskite solar cell. This study will aid researcher in a reasonable choice of materials and to predict the behavior of high performance solar cell before undergoing the fabrication process.
A Comprehensive Review of Minerals, Trace Elements, and Heavy Metals
in Saffron
Authors: Ghasemi Sajjad , Noori Sayyed Mohammad Ali , Hashemi Mohammad 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Saffron is one of the most expensive spices in the world, and its popularity as a tasty food additive is spreading rapidly through many cultures and cuisines. Minerals and heavy metals are minor components found in saffron, which play a key role in the identification of the geographical origin, quality control, and food traceability, while they also affect human health. The chemical elements in saffron are measured using various analytical methods, such as techniques based on spectrometry or spectroscopy, including atomic emission spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The present study aimed to review the published articles about heavy metals and minerals in saffron across the world. To date, 64 chemical elements have been found in different types of saffron, which could be divided into three groups of macro-elements, trace elements, and heavy metals (trace elements with a lower gravity/greater than five times that of water and other inorganic sources). Furthermore, the chemical elements in the saffron samples of different countries have a wide range of concentrations. These differences may be affected by geographical conditions such as physicochemical properties of the soil, weather, and other environmental conditions like saffron cultivation and its genotype.
Fibrinolytic Enzyme - An Overview
Authors: Rengaswamy Devika , Abdul Rahim Parveen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases, like coronary heart disease or artery disorders (arteriosclerosis, including artery solidification), heart failure (myocardial infarction), arrhythmias, congestive heart condition, stroke, elevated vital signs (hypertension), rheumatic heart disorder, and other circulato-ry system dysfunctions are the most common causes of death worldwide. Cardiovascular disorders are treated with stenting, coronary bypass surgery grafting, anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, and other pharmacological and surgical procedures; however, these have limitations due to their ad-verse effects. Fibrinolytic agents degrade fibrin through enzymatic and biochemical processes. There are various enzymes that are currently used as a treatment for CVDs, like streptokinase, nattokinase, staphylokinase, urokinase, etc. These enzymes are derived from various sources, like bacteria, fungi, algae, marine organisms, plants, snakes, and other organisms. This review deals with the fibrinolytic enzymes, their mechanisms, sources, and their therapeutic potential.
A Panoramic Review of Benzimidazole Derivatives and their Potential Biological
Activity
Authors: Hernández-López Hiram , Tejada-Rodríguez Christian Jairo , Leyva-Ramos Socorro 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
The therapeutic potential of the benzimidazole nucleus has been recognized since 1944, and
it is an important heterocycle system due to its presence in a wide range of bioactive compounds such
as antiviral, anticancer, antibacterial, and so on, where optimization of substituents in this class of
pharmacophore has resulted in many drugs. Its broad biological activity stems from physicochemical
properties such as hydrogen bond donor-acceptor capability, π→π stacking interactions, coordination
bonds with metals as ligands and hydrophobic interactions; properties that allow them to easily bind
with a series of biomolecules, including enzymes and nucleic acids, causing a growing interest in these
types of molecules. This review aims to present an overview to leading benzimidazole derivatives, as
well as to show the importance of the nature and type of substituents at the N1, C2, and C5(6) positions
when they are biologically evaluated, which can lead to obtaining potent drug candidate with a
significant range of biological activities.
Tuberculosis, BCG Vaccination, and COVID-19: Are They Connected?
Authors: Borges Kellen Christina Malheiros , da Costa Adeliane Castro , de Souza Barbosa Lília Cristina , Ribeiro Kaio Mota , dos Anjos Laura Raniere Borges , Kipnis André , Junqueira-Kipnis Ana Paula 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Evidence from multiple scientific studies suggests that the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG)
vaccine, widely used worldwide as a preventive measure against tuberculosis, also offers crossprotection
against other pathogens. This review aimed to gather data from research that studied the
mechanisms involved in the immunological protection induced by the BCG vaccine, which may be
important in the control of viral infections, such as COVID-19. Through a literature review, we compiled
information about the different BCG strains used worldwide, as well as the responses and protection
elicited by them. We commented on the mechanisms of immune response to Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and we discussed the possibility of cross-protection of
different BCG strains on the control of COVID-19. Due to the immunomodulatory properties of BCG,
some BCG strains were able to induce an effective cellular immune response and, through epigenetic
modifications, activate cells of the innate immune system, such as monocytes, macrophages and natural
killer cells, which are crucial for the control of viral infections. Although several vaccines have already
been developed and used in an attempt to control the COVID-19 pandemic, some BCG vaccine
strains may help stimulate the basal defences against these pathogens and can be used as additional defences
in this and future pandemics.
Potential Involvement of Laccases as Efficient Biocatalysts in the Field of
Organic Synthesis: An Editorial Presenting a Short Overview on Functional
Applicability and Fate
Authors: Chaurasia Pankaj Kumar , Bharati Shashi Lata , Kumar Sunil , Singh Sunita , Mani Ashutosh 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Laccases, one of the expressively accepted biocatalysts, are oxidoreductases strongly known
for their pronounced catalytic applications. Their involvement in the various types’ organic synthesis is
one of the most attractive fields of bio-catalysis. In this editorial, authors have briefly assessed and explored
the synthetic applicability and potential fate of this interesting oxidoreductase enzyme in organic
synthesis and presented various scientific proofs based on researches done in related fields proving their
versatile acceptability.
The Role of the Lateral Pterygoid Muscle in Articular Disc Displacement:
A Cross-sectional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Authors: Alqhtani Nasser , Alshadwi Ahmad Ali , Al-Zahrani Adel , Alshagroud, Rana Saud , Al Rafedah Ali , Al Abdulsalam Abdullatif , Almalki Abdulrahman , Sakka Salah 
Published: January 2022

Objective:
The objective of the study is to determine the role of Lateral Pterygoid Muscle
LPM in the articular disc displacement ADD, which is considered controversial due to the variations
in the pattern of insertion of the Superior Lateral Pterygoid Muscle SPLM.

Background:
It is well understood that the superior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle has only a
single insertion pattern among individuals, in which the muscle is attached to the articular disc and
capsule. However, recent findings in many studies have shown a noticeable variation in the insertion
pattern of the upper LPM.

Method:
MRI examinations were collected at King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre,
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Scans of 61 patients (41 females, 20 males; mean age 33 years old) with
symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction were reviewed retrospectively. The direction of their
articular disc displacement was evaluated through sagittal and coronal views in both open and
closed mouth positions.

Results:
There was no statistical significance found between the LPM attachment types and TMJ
disc position. The chi-square test also showed no significant difference between the type of LPM attachment
and the condylar location. Forty-five percent of the articular discs were located between
the articular eminence and the glenoid fossa. The majority of the disc displacement was in the anterior
direction.

Conclusion:
There was no statistically significant association found between the type of LPM attachments
and the direction of disc displacement.
Prediction of Physical Frailty in Orthogeriatric Patients Using Sensor Insole–Based Gait Analysis and Machine Learning Algorithms: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kraus Moritz , Saller Maximilian Michael , Baumbach Sebastian Felix , Neuerburg Carl , Stumpf Ulla Cordula , Böcker Wolfgang , Keppler Alexander Martin 
Published: January 2022

Background
Assessment of the physical frailty of older patients is of great importance in many medical disciplines to be able to implement individualized therapies. For physical tests, time is usually used as the only objective measure. To record other objective factors, modern wearables offer great potential for generating valid data and integrating the data into medical decision-making.

Objective
The aim of this study was to compare the predictive value of insole data, which were collected during the Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG) test, to the benchmark standard questionnaire for sarcopenia (SARC-F: strength, assistance with walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and falls) and physical assessment (TUG test) for evaluating physical frailty, defined by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), using machine learning algorithms.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included patients aged >60 years with independent ambulation and no mental or neurological impairment. A comprehensive set of parameters associated with physical frailty were assessed, including body composition, questionnaires (European Quality of Life 5-dimension [EQ 5D 5L], SARC-F), and physical performance tests (SPPB, TUG), along with digital sensor insole gait parameters collected during the TUG test. Physical frailty was defined as an SPPB score≤8. Advanced statistics, including random forest (RF) feature selection and machine learning algorithms (K-nearest neighbor [KNN] and RF) were used to compare the diagnostic value of these parameters to identify patients with physical frailty.

Results
Classified by the SPPB, 23 of the 57 eligible patients were defined as having physical frailty. Several gait parameters were significantly different between the two groups (with and without physical frailty). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of the TUG test was superior to that of the SARC-F (0.862 vs 0.639). The recursive feature elimination algorithm identified 9 parameters, 8 of which were digital insole gait parameters. Both the KNN and RF algorithms trained with these parameters resulted in excellent results (AUROC of 0.801 and 0.919, respectively).

Conclusions
A gait analysis based on machine learning algorithms using sensor soles is superior to the SARC-F and the TUG test to identify physical frailty in orthogeriatric patients.
Konsep diri dan motivasi melanjutkan pendidikan ke perguruan tinggi pada remaja panti asuhan “x”
Authors: Utami Tanri Fatma , Saniatuzzulfa Rahmah 
Published: January 2022

The low number of high school graduates in Purworejo who continue their education to college is caused by the students’ concerns about the high cost of education and lack of student confidence in their abilities. One of those who experienced this was an orphanage teenager. Teenagers in orphanages are teenagers who are deliberately entrusted by their parents to get a decent life and education. This study aims to determine the relationship between self-concept and motivation to continue education to college. The sample recruitment was determined using cluster random sampling method and found 81 teenage orphanages as participants. The instruments used are the Motivation Scale Continuing Education to Higher Education with 43 (a = 0.930) and the Self Concept Scale with 25 (a
= 0.870). The results of a simple regression analysis showed that there is a significant positive relationship between self-concept and motivation to continue education to college (F = 105.700; p < 0.05; r = 0.756). SE contributed 57,632% of the motivation to continue their education to college.

Keywords: Motivation to continue study to the college, orphanage teenager, self-concept
Notes from Belgrade: Social Anthropology for Archaeology Students in a Post-Conflict Society
Authors: Milosavljević Monika 
Published: January 2022

Social anthropology courses, some elective and some mandatory, for archaeology students at the Department of Archaeology, University of Belgrade, commenced only after 2003. Since Serbian society opened itself from its isolation, the key challenge has been to teach new generations who have grown up during the civil wars in Former Yugoslavia to recognize broader perspectives on human cultures, universalities, and differences. Anthropology has been consequently utilized as a prominent tool for cultural relativism, multiculturalism, ‘Otherness’, and reflexive thinking. However much these facets have all proved necessary, they seem to have fallen to the wayside in ‘post-truth’ world. It has therefore become unclear in teaching how to address the phenomenon. This paper aims to critically discuss anachronous traditions in social and physical anthropology in combination with new challenges of the biologisation of social identities in archaeology and social anthropology.
Uji Aktivitas Hepatoprotektor Ekstrak Etanol Daun Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) pada Mencit Putih Jantan yang Diinduksi Parasetamol
Authors: Yuliawati Yuliawati , Putri Waode Cahaya Widya , Rahman Havizur 
Published: January 2022

Hepatotoxicity is a drug complication that is often found in long-term drug use because of the role of the liver in metabolizing drugs. Paracetamol is an analgesic and antipyretic drug that is often used by the community and is a safe choice when taken according to the dose. However, if consumed in excess and in the long-term it causes hepatotoxicity (liver damage). Liver damage can be prevented by giving antioxidant compounds. Rambutan’s leaves contain secondary metabolites of alkaloids, tannins and saponins which are known to have antioxidant potential. The aim of the research is to determine the hepatoprotective activity and the effective dose of Rambutan leaves ethanol extract in male mice induced by patacetamol. The research method was The Randomize Posttest-only Control Group Design using 25 white mice which were divided into 5 groups. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the treatment group of rambutans leaf ethanol extract with the negative control group and a non-significant with the positive control group. Giving extract doses of 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW and 400 mg/kg BW because it prevents the increase in levels of SGPT, SGOT, relative liver weight and reduces the percentage of damage to the hepatocytes of mice. The effective dose of rambutan’s leaf ethanol extract as a hepatoprotector is 400 mg/kg BW.
Utilization of Natural Extracts as Corrosion Inhibitors in the Seawater Environment
Authors: Alam Pocut Nurul , Rosnelly Cut Meurah , Karo karo Justaman Arifin , Ilhamdi Akhar , Soekarno Raiyan , Aslam Izzan Nur 
Published: January 2022

Infrastructures in coastal area are mostly made of metal which is susceptible to corrosion due to direct contact with the seawater. The Seawater greatly affects the corrosion rate of metals because it contains chloride ions which can penetrate metal surface. The process of corrosion can be inhibited or slowed by decreasing the corrosion rate in one way, namely the addition of corrosion inhibitors derived from natural materials containing tannin compounds. This study proposed organic corrosion inhibitors which were derived from natural material extracts (coffee leaves and catappa leaves), the effect of time variations on the efficiency of organic inhibitors was investigated, and the efficiency of each inhibitor organic was compared. The corrosion rate with and without inhibitors was analysed by using the method of weight loss. The results showed that the corrosion rate can be reduced by adding the natural ingredients extract. The addition of 2% concentration coffee leaves extract resulted in the lowest corrosion rate with the addition of 0.00226 mmpy. The addition of catappa leaves extract concentration as much as 2% yield the lowest corrosion rate with the addition of 0.0012 mmpy. The highest efficiency of inhibition system was obtained by using 2% catappa leaves extract at 14 days soaking time at 69.23%, and the lowest by using 1% coffee leaves extract.
SOSIALISASI PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 DAN PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT (PHBS) DESA WIYONO KECAMATAN GEDONGTATAAN KABUPATEN PESAWARAN
Authors: Kuncoro Sapto , Eva Selviana  
Published: January 2022

Penyebaran Covid-19 atau Corona Virus Disease 2019 kini telah menjadi pandemi. Virus ini menyerang bagian pernafasan bagi para penderitanya. Artikel ini berupaya memberikan gambaran dan penjelasan terkait program kerja sosialisasi covid-19, sosialisasi perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS), pembagian handsanitizer dan sabun cuci tangan yang meliputi proses, hasil dan manfaatnya. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif-eksplanatif. Hasilnya, masyarakat menerima pemahaman dan wawasan baru terkait penyakit covid-19 dan pentingnya perilaku hidup sehat salah satunya dengan cara mencuci tangan serta masyarakat mampu membuat sabun cuci tangan sendiri. Artikel ini terbatas pada pelaksanaan KKN Mandiri Putra Daerah Periode 2 2021.

Kata kunci: covid-19, PHBS, sabun.
The effect of customer experience on repurchase intention with variety seeking as variable moderation at 4-star hotels
Authors: Abrian Youmil , Adrian Arif 
Published: January 2022

This research aims to determine the influence of customer experience on repurchase intention with variable moderation of variety seeking. The statistical analysis used is moderated analysis regression. The selection of 4-star hotels due to the standard of star hotels pays attention to the increasingly varied needs of consumers. The target population in this study was hotel guests who had stayed at a 4-star hotel in Padang. A simple random sampling technique is used with 286 samples, in obtaining the data a questionnaire with a Likert scale. From the results of the study obtained the influence of variable customer experience had a significant positive effect on the repurchase intention, with a significance value of 0,000<0.05 and had an influence contribution of 4.5%, with a regression coefficient of 0.125. While variety-seeking variables have a significant negative effect on repurchase intention with a significance value of 0<0.05, and have an influence contribution of 6%, with a regression coefficient of -0.197. From the results of moderation regression obtained variety seeks to moderate the influence of customer experience on repurchase intention negatively with the significance of 0,000<0.05, and has a regression coefficient of -0.537 with an influence contribution of 8.7%.
The Role of Substantive Understanding Approaches in The Changes of Fiqh
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Azwar Zainal 
Published: January 2022

This study aims to offer an approach in changing fiqh to stay in line with the demands of the texts and, at the same time, to create benefits for Muslims in their lives. This research is entirely library research whose data sources are obtained from several sources, including the Tarikh Tasyri Tasyri written by Khudari Bek, Tarikh al-Mazahib al-Islamiyyah fi Tarikh of al-Mazahib al-Fiqhiyyah written by Abu Zahrah, and al-Ittihad al-Fiqhiyyah inda Ashab al-Hadis fi al-Qarni al-Tsalits al-Hijri by Abd al-Majid Mahmud Abd al-Majid, and several other sources relevant to the topic studied. The analysis technique used is content analysis, which is the only technique used in analyzing the information process. This research finds the fact that fiqh changes are a necessity to respond the social development as well as to create benefit for society. Efforts to change fiqh can be done by using a substantive understanding of the syara 'texts which are the basis and source of change. It is in these aspects does appear the importance of the role of substantive understanding in the process of legal changes, as a solution in responding to the current and future development of society.
Elaboration of High School Student’s Metacognition Awareness on Heat and Temperature Material: Wright Map in Rasch Model
Authors: Hikmah Fitri Nur , Sukarelawan Moh. Irma , Nurjannah Tri , Djumati Jamaludin 
Published: January 2022

This study aims to elaborate on the interaction between students’ metacognitive awareness and the difficulty level of items in Heat and Temperature Metacognition Awareness Inventory (HeTMAI). This study uses a quantitative research method with the type of survey research. The respondents involved were 30 students and came from one the public high schools in eastern Indonesia. Metacognitive awareness was evaluated using the 26-item HeTMAI. Student responses are administered online, are voluntary and anonymous. The interaction between students’ metacognitive awareness and items in HeTMAI was analyzed using the Wright map based on the Rasch model. The analysis results show that the student’s average ability is 1.00 logit higher than the item difficulty level. The students’ abilities ranged from -1.34 to 5.98 logit, and the item difficulty level ranged from -0.51 to 0.70. In general, it appears that most students tend to agree more easily with the statements in HeTMAI.
Overview of Hybrid Energy Solar Systems
Authors: Indurkhya Sanyam , Vishwakarma Shravan 
Published: January 2022

Reduced coal usage has resulted in the assimilation of the more renewable energy systems in latest electric power systems for a variety of reasons.Renewable Energy resources are playing most significant role in the developing countries. Solar energy and wind energy This work basically presents the basic overview of the Hybrid Energy Systems (HESs) which are utilized for inserting reactive power.