bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Negative interaction between nitrates and remote ischemic preconditioning in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: the ERIC-GTN and ERICCA studies
Authors: Hamarneh Ashraf , Ho Andrew Fu Wah , Bulluck Heerajnarain , Sivaraman Vivek , Ricciardi Federico , Nicholas Jennifer , Shanahan Hilary , Hardman Elizabeth A. , Wicks Peter , Ramlall Manish , Chung Robin , McGowan John , Cordery Roger , Lawrence David , Clayton Tim , Kyle Bonnie , Xenou Maria , Ariti Cono , Yellon Derek M. , Hausenloy Derek J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRemote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) using transient limb ischaemia failed to improve clinical outcomes following cardiac surgery and the reasons for this remain unclear. In the ERIC-GTN study, we evaluated whether concomitant nitrate therapy abrogated RIPC cardioprotection. We also undertook a post-hoc analysis of the ERICCA study, to investigate a potential negative interaction between RIPC and nitrates on clinical outcomes following cardiac surgery. In ERIC-GTN, 185 patients undergoing cardiac surgery were randomized to: (1) Control (no RIPC or nitrates); (2) RIPC alone; (3); Nitrates alone; and (4) RIPC + Nitrates. An intravenous infusion of nitrates (glyceryl trinitrate 1 mg/mL solution) was commenced on arrival at the operating theatre at a rate of 2–5 mL/h to maintain a mean arterial pressure between 60 and 70 mmHg and was stopped when the patient was taken off cardiopulmonary bypass. The primary endpoint was peri-operative myocardial injury (PMI) quantified by a 48-h area-under-the-curve high-sensitivity Troponin-T (48 h-AUC-hs-cTnT). In ERICCA, we analysed data for 1502 patients undergoing cardiac surgery to investigate for a potential negative interaction between RIPC and nitrates on clinical outcomes at 12-months. In ERIC-GTN, RIPC alone reduced 48 h-AUC-hs-cTnT by 37.1%, when compared to control (ratio of AUC 0.629 [95% CI 0.413–0.957], p = 0.031), and this cardioprotective effect was abrogated in the presence of nitrates. Treatment with nitrates alone did not reduce 48 h-AUC-hs-cTnT, when compared to control. In ERICCA there was a negative interaction between nitrate use and RIPC for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality at 12-months, and for risk of peri-operative myocardial infarction. RIPC alone reduced the risk of peri-operative myocardial infarction, compared to control, but no significant effect of RIPC was demonstrated for the other outcomes. When RIPC and nitrates were used together they had an adverse impact in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with the presence of nitrates abrogating RIPC-induced cardioprotection and increasing the risk of mortality at 12-months post-cardiac surgery in patients receiving RIPC.
Modulations of corticospinal excitability following rapid ankle dorsiflexion in skill- and endurance-trained athletes
Authors: Hu Nijia , Avela Janne , Kidgell Dawson J. , Piirainen Jarmo M. , Walker Simon 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Long-term sports training, such as skill and endurance training, leads to specific neuroplasticity. However, it remains unclear if muscle stretch-induced proprioceptive feedback influences corticospinal facilitation/inhibition differently between skill- and endurance-trained athletes. This study investigated modulation of corticospinal excitability following rapid ankle dorsiflexion between well-trained skill and endurance athletes.

Methods
Ten skill- and ten endurance-trained athletes participated in the study. Corticospinal excitability was tested by single- and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulations (TMS) at three different latencies following passive rapid ankle dorsiflexion. Motor evoked potential (MEP), short-latency intracortical inhibition (SICI), intracortical facilitation (ICF), and long-latency intracortical inhibition (LICI) were recorded by surface electromyography from the soleus muscle.

Results
Compared to immediately before ankle dorsiflexion (Onset), TMS induced significantly greater MEPs during the supraspinal reaction period (~ 120 ms after short-latency reflex, SLR) in the skill group only (from 1.7 ± 1.0 to 2.7 ± 1.8%M-max, P = 0.005) despite both conditions being passive. ICF was significantly greater over all latencies in skill than endurance athletes (F(3, 45) = 4.64, P = 0.007), although no between-group differences for stimulations at specific latencies (e.g., at SLR) were observed.

Conclusion
The skill group showed higher corticospinal excitability during the supraspinal reaction phase, which may indicate a “priming” of corticospinal excitability following rapid ankle dorsiflexion for a supraspinal reaction post-stretch, which appears absent in endurance-trained athletes.
Blood group antigens SLeX, SLeA, and LeY as prognostic markers in endometrial cancer
Authors: Kolben Thomas , Müller Lena , Meister Sarah , Keilmann Lucia , Buschmann Christina , Trillsch Fabian , Burges Alexander , Czogalla Bastian , Mitter Sophie , Schmoeckel Elisa , Corradini Stefanie , Mahner Sven , Jeschke Udo , Kessler Mirjana , Beyer Susanne 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological cancer worldwide. Treatment has been improved in recent years, but, in advanced stages, therapeutical options are still limited. It has been reported that the expression of the blood group antigens Sialyl Lewis X (SLeX), Sialyl Lewis A (SLeA) and Lewis Y (LeY) is associated with prognosis in several tumors. Large studies on endometrial and cervical cancer are still pending.

Methods
Specimens of 234 patients with EC were immunohistochemically stained with antibodies for SLeX, SLeA and LeY. Expression was correlated to histopathological variables.

Results
High expression of SLeX was correlated to low pT-stage (p = 0.013), low grade (p < 0.001), low FIGO-stage (p = 0.006) and better overall survival rates (OS; p = 0.023). High expression of SLeA was associated with low pT-stage (p = 0.013), low grade (p = 0.001) and better progression-free survival (PFS; p = 0.043). LeY staining was correlated to pN + (p = 0.038), low grade (p = 0.005) and poorer PFS (p = 0.022).

Conclusion
This is the first study examining the expression of SLeX, SLeA and LeY in EC, which can serve as additional future prognostic markers. Further studies are necessary to understand the underlying mechanisms. The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (reference number 19-249).
Breaking down the silos of artificial intelligence in surgery: glossary of terms
Authors: Moglia Andrea , Georgiou Konstantinos , Morelli Luca , Toutouzas Konstantinos , Satava Richard M. , Cuschieri Alfred 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The literature on artificial intelligence (AI) in surgery has advanced rapidly during the past few years. However, the published studies on AI are mostly reported by computer scientists using their own jargon which is unfamiliar to surgeons.

Methods
A literature search was conducted in using PubMed following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. The primary outcome of this review is to provide a glossary with definitions of the commonly used AI terms in surgery to improve their understanding by surgeons.

Results
One hundred ninety-five studies were included in this review, and 38 AI terms related to surgery were retrieved. Convolutional neural networks were the most frequently culled term by the search, accounting for 74 studies on AI in surgery, followed by classification task (n = 62), artificial neural networks (n = 53), and regression (n = 49). Then, the most frequent expressions were supervised learning (reported in 24 articles), support vector machine (SVM) in 21, and logistic regression in 16. The rest of the 38 terms was seldom mentioned.

Conclusions
The proposed glossary can be used by several stakeholders. First and foremost, by residents and attending consultant surgeons, both having to understand the fundamentals of AI when reading such articles. Secondly, junior researchers at the start of their career in Surgical Data Science and thirdly experts working in the regulatory sections of companies involved in the AI Business Software as a Medical Device (SaMD) preparing documents for submission to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or other agencies for approval.
Key aspects to enable multi-megawatt fast charging
Authors: Makoschitz Markus 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAt present, the mobility sector in Europe is in the middle of a transition phase. Combustion engine-based vehicles (CV) are meant to be replaced by electric vehicles of the same type in order to fulfill the zero emissions targets within the next decades. This requires a collaborative approach from the industry, research institutes, and national governments in order to prepare both the necessary vehicle technology and infrastructure accordingly. Even though various attractive charging solutions in the hundreds of kilowatt range already exist commercially, heavy-duty vehicle charging in the multi-megawatt range is still a topic to be investigated in more detail in the scientific community. Therefore, this publication discusses different strategies to enable fast charging in the megawatt range and presents a concept that is directly connected to the medium voltage grid while enabling distributed charging and an optimized carbon footprint due to the adoption of renewable energy systems.
What web-based intervention for chronic cancer-related fatigue works best for whom? Explorative moderation analyses of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Schellekens Melanie P. J. , Bruggeman-Everts Fieke Z. , Wolvers Marije D. J. , Vollenbroek-Hutten Miriam M. R. , van der Lee Marije L. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Approximately 25% of cancer patients suffer from chronic cancer-related fatigue (CCRF), which is a complex, multifactorial condition. While there are evidence-based interventions, it remains unclear what treatment works best for the individual patient. This study explored whether baseline characteristics moderated the effect of web-based mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (eMBCT) versus ambulant activity feedback (AAF) and a psycho-education control group (PE) on fatigue in patients suffering from CCRF.

Methods
In a randomized controlled trial, participant suffering from CCRF participated in either eMBCT, AAF, or PE. Complete data of the treatment-adherent sample (≥ 6 sessions) was used to explore whether sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological characteristics at baseline moderated the intervention effect on fatigue severity at 6 months.

Results
A trend showed that baseline fatigue severity and fatigue catastrophizing moderated the intervention effect. That is, at low levels of fatigue severity and catastrophizing, patients benefited more from AAF than from eMBCT and at high levels of fatigue severity and catastrophizing, patients benefited more from eMBCT than from PE.

Conclusions
This study found some preliminary evidence on what treatment works best for the individual suffering from CCRF. These findings emphasize the potential gain in effectiveness of personalizing treatment. An alternative approach that might help us further in answering the question “what treatment works best for whom?” is discussed.
Targeting autophagy as a therapeutic strategy against pancreatic cancer
Authors: Yamamoto Keisuke , Iwadate Dosuke , Kato Hiroyuki , Nakai Yousuke , Tateishi Keisuke , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMacroautophagy (hereafter autophagy) is a catabolic process through which cytosolic components are captured in the autophagosome and degraded in the lysosome. Autophagy plays two major roles: nutrient recycling under starvation or stress conditions and maintenance of cellular homeostasis by removing the damaged organelles or protein aggregates. In established cancer cells, autophagy-mediated nutrient recycling promotes tumor progression, whereas in normal/premalignant cells, autophagy suppresses tumor initiation by eliminating the oncogenic/harmful molecules. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly disease that is refractory to most currently available treatment modalities, including immune checkpoint blockade and molecular-targeted therapy. One prominent feature of PDAC is its constitutively active and elevated autophagy-lysosome function, which enables PDAC to thrive in its nutrient-scarce tumor microenvironment. In addition to metabolic support, autophagy promotes PDAC progression in a metabolism-independent manner by conferring resistance to therapeutic treatment or facilitating immune evasion. Besides to cell-autonomous autophagy in cancer cells, host autophagy (autophagy in non-cancer cells) supports PDAC progression, further highlighting autophagy as a promising therapeutic target in PDAC. Based on a growing list of compelling preclinical evidence, there are numerous ongoing clinical trials targeting the autophagy-lysosome pathway in PDAC. Given the multifaceted and context-dependent roles of autophagy in both cancer cells and normal host cells, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying the tumor-promoting roles of autophagy as well as of the consequences of autophagy inhibition is necessary for the development of autophagy inhibition-based therapies against PDAC.
Clinical efficacy of different monoclonal antibody regimens among non-hospitalised patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 at high risk for disease progression: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Savoldi Alessia , Morra Matteo , De Nardo Pasquale , Cattelan Anna Maria , Mirandola Massimo , Manfrin Vinicio , Scotton Piergiorgio , Giordani Maria Teresa , Brollo Lucio , Panese Sandro , Lanzafame Massimiliano , Scroccaro Giovanna , Berkell Matilda , Lippi Giuseppe , Konnova Angelina , Smet Mathias , Malhotra-Kumar Surbhi , Kumar-Singh Samir , Tacconelli Evelina ,   the mAb Working Group, Canova Marco , Rigo Fabio , Coletto Davide , Serino Francesco Saverio , Coledan Ilaria , Danese Elisa , Peserico Denise , Gelati Matteo , Conti Michela , Fasan Daniele , Xavier Basil Britto , Gupta Akshita , Hotterbeekx An , De Ambrosis Paola 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to compare the clinical progression of COVID-19 in high-risk outpatients treated with the monoclonal antibodies (mAb) bamlanivimab, bamlanivimab-etesevimab and casirivimab-imdevimab. This is an observational, multi-centre, prospective study conducted from 18 March to 15 July 2021 in eight Italian tertiary-care hospitals including mild-to-moderate COVID-19 outpatients receiving bamlanivimab (700 mg), bamlanivimab-etesevimab (700–1400 mg) or casirivimab-imdevimab (1200–1200 mg). All patients were at high risk of COVID-19 progression according to Italian Medicines Agency definitions. In a patient subgroup, SARS-CoV-2 variant and anti-SARS-CoV-2 serology were analysed at baseline. Factors associated with 28-day all-cause hospitalisation were identified using multivariable multilevel logistic regression (MMLR) and summarised with adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 635 outpatients received mAb: 161 (25.4%) bamlanivimab, 396 (62.4%) bamlanivimab-etesevimab and 78 (12.2%) casirivimab-imdevimab. Ninety-five (15%) patients received full or partial SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The B.1.1.7 (Alpha) variant was detected in 99% of patients. Baseline serology showed no significant differences among the three mAb regimen groups. Twenty-eight-day all-cause hospitalisation was 11.3%, with a significantly higher proportion (p 0.001) in the bamlanivimab group (18.6%), compared to the bamlanivimab-etesevimab (10.1%) and casirivimab-imdevimab (2.6%) groups. On MMLR, aORs for 28-day all-cause hospitalisation were significantly lower in patients receiving bamlanivimab-etesevimab (aOR 0.51, 95% CI 0.30–0.88 p 0.015) and casirivimab-imdevimab (aOR 0.14, 95% CI 0.03–0.61, p 0.009) compared to those receiving bamlanivimab. No patients with a history of vaccination were hospitalised. The study suggests differences in clinical outcomes among the first available mAb regimens for treating high-risk COVID-19 outpatients. Randomised trials are needed to compare efficacy of mAb combination regimens in high-risk populations and according to circulating variants.
Klyachko Diagrams of Monomial Ideals
Authors: Miró-Roig Rosa M. , Salat-Moltó Marti 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce the notion of a Klyachko diagram for a monomial ideal I in a certain multi-graded polynomial ring, namely the Cox ring R of a smooth complete toric variety, with irrelevant maximal ideal B. We present procedures to compute the Klyachko diagram of I from its monomial generators, and to retrieve the B −saturation Isat of I from its Klyachko diagram. We use this description to compute the first local cohomology module ${H}^{1}_{B}(I)$

H

B

1

(
I
)
. As an application, we find a formula for the Hilbert function of Isat, and a characterization of monomial ideals with constant Hilbert polynomial, in terms of their Klyachko diagram.
Incomplete pairwise comparison matrices based on graphs with average degree approximately 3
Authors: Szádoczki Zsombor , Bozóki Sándor , Juhász Patrik , Kadenko Sergii V. , Tsyganok Vitaliy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA crucial, both from theoretical and practical points of view, problem in preference modelling is the number of questions to ask from the decision maker. We focus on incomplete pairwise comparison matrices based on graphs whose average degree is approximately 3 (or a bit more), i.e., each item is compared to three others in average. In the range of matrix sizes we considered, $$n=5,6,7,8,9,10$$

n
=
5
,
6
,
7
,
8
,
9
,
10

, this requires from 1.4n to 1.8n edges, resulting in completion ratios between 33% ($$n=10$$

n
=
10

) and 80% ($$n=5$$

n
=
5

). We analyze several types of union of two spanning trees (three of them building on additional ordinal information on the ranking), 2-edge-connected random graphs and 3-(quasi-)regular graphs with minimal diameter (the length of the maximal shortest path between any two vertices). The weight vectors are calculated from the natural extensions, to the incomplete case, of the two most popular weighting methods, the eigenvector method and the logarithmic least squares. These weight vectors are compared to the ones calculated from the complete matrix, and their distances (Euclidean, Chebyshev and Manhattan), rank correlations (Kendall and Spearman) and similarity (Garuti, cosine and dice indices) are computed in order to have cardinal, ordinal and proximity views during the comparisons. Surprisingly enough, only the union of two star graphs centered at the best and the second best items perform well among the graphs using additional ordinal information on the ranking. The union of two edge-disjoint spanning trees is almost always the best among the analyzed graphs.
Cross-protection of oilseed rape against Verticillium longisporum by the non-aggressive lineage A1/D2
Authors: Vega-Marin Marta , von Tiedemann Andreas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVerticillium longisporum is a soil-borne vascular pathogen of oilseed rape and other Brassica crops. The limited availability of chemical control measures against vascular pathogens calls for the exploration of control alternatives. Cross-protection may be conveyed by the use of non-pathogenic or non-aggressive isolates of potential pathogens as biocontrol agents. V. longisporum consists of three lineages that originated from three independent hybridization events of four haploid Verticillium parents. Previous pathogenicity tests in the greenhouse have shown that lineage A1/D2 is non-pathogenic or non-aggressive on different Brassica and non-Brassica hosts. Thus, the cross-protection potential of the A1/D2 lineage against an aggressive V. longisporum isolate in oilseed rape was tested. With root-dip inoculation, A1/D2 reduced disease symptoms when applied before or at the same time as the aggressive isolate. The induction of salicylic acid, a signal known to play a role in basal and cultivar-related resistance, was not involved in the biocontrol mechanism. The most practical and best feasible method of application as a seed coat failed to confirm the biocontrol effect of A1/D2 observed with root-dip inoculation. Confocal microscopy analysis revealed that seed coating led to insufficient A1/D2 hyphal establishment on the roots compared to root-dip inoculation, which may explain the lack of a biocontrol effect after seed coating and illustrates the importance of the application method for efficacy of a cross-protective biocontrol agent.
Pulmonary granulomatous inflammation after ceritinib treatment in advanced ALK-rearranged pulmonary adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liao Juanyan , Guan Hui , Yu Min , Zhou Ping , Han Yao , Peng Xingchen , Zhang Shuang 
Published: June 2022

SummaryCeritinib is a new anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor that has shown greater potency in patients with advanced ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer, including those who had disease progression in crizotinib treatment. Here we reported, after several months of ceritinib treatment, two patients with advanced ALK-rearranged pulmonary adenocarcinoma exhibited a spectrum of respiratory symptoms like cough and dyspnea, with significantly higher inflammatory indicators. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed multiple bilateral and peripheral lesions in lungs. The prior considerations taken into account were disease progression or infection. However, biopsies of the pulmonary nodules revealed features of granulomatous inflammation without definite cancer cells. We documented for the first time that ceritinib might be associated with pulmonary granulomatous inflammation, and clinicians should be alert to the possibility that the rare adverse event emerged during ceritinib treatment.
The intersections of migration, app-based gig work, and career development: implications for career practice and research
Authors: Abkhezr Peyman , McMahon Mary 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe incidence of app-based gig work is expanding rapidly in developed global north countries. Many app-based gig workers are migrants from developing global south countries searching for a better life in their resettlement countries. App-based gig work, however, is insecure, irregular and potentially precarious. Access to decent work is vital for migrants’ integration after resettlement and also their career development. In the context of the decent work agenda, this article explores the intersections of migration, app-based gig work, and southern migrants’ career development in the global north and considers the implications for career practice and research.