bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful treatment with secukinumab of psoriasis‐like dermatitis in a patient with holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency
Authors: Liu Haifei , Wei Ruoqu , Yang Yijun , Zhang Zhen , Yang Yixuan , Tang Jue , Chen Jiawen , Zhang Jia , Gu Yan , Yao Zhirong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHolocarboxylase synthetase deficiency (HSD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of biotin metabolism. Typical manifestations include irreversible metabolic disorders and erythroderma‐like dermatitis. Most patients respond well to biotin supplementation. Psoriasis‐like phenotype associated with this disease has been rarely reported in the literature and experiences with the use of biologics in patients with HSD are still lacking. We reported a rare case of recurrent psoriasis‐like skin lesions in a 6‐year‐old child with HSD. The patient did not respond to initial therapy with high‐dose oral biotin. Immunofluorescence staining showed an increased number of interleukin (IL)‐17A+ cells in his skin lesions. Based on this finding, the patient was successfully treated with human anti‐IL‐17A monoclonal antibody (secukinumab). He did not report any side effects and remained healthy during the 2‐year follow‐up. We provide a comprehensive review of the reported cases of HSD with psoriasis‐like dermatitis to date. The psoriasis‐like phenotype of HSD is controversial in treatment and IL‐17A inhibitor is an alternative therapeutic option.
Plasticity of plant silicon and nitrogen concentrations in response to water regimes varies across temperate grassland species
Authors: Klotz Marius , Schaller Jörg , Feldhaar Heike , Dengler Jürgen , Gebauer Gerhard , Aas Gregor , Weissflog Anita , Engelbrecht Bettina M. J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Temperate grasslands exhibit strong spatial and temporal variation in water regimes. Thus, grassland plants experience potentially stressful water regimes, which may influence their tissue silicon (Si) and nitrogen (N) concentrations. Plant Si and N concentrations play important ecological roles in temperate grasslands, for example, by influencing plant performance and herbivory, yet comparisons of species' responses to a broad range of water regimes, including drought, waterlogging and flooding, are lacking.

We conducted a mesocosm experiment with 10 temperate grassland species of two life‐forms (grasses and forbs) exposed to four different soil water regimes (drought, a benign control, waterlogged and flooded conditions), and analysed their Si and N concentrations.

Grasses showed lower Si concentrations under drought and flooding compared to the benign control and the highest concentrations emerged under waterlogging. Overall, plant Si responses of grasses were more uniform, while in forbs, responses varied both in direction and magnitude across species. For N concentrations, all species and life‐forms showed the highest concentrations under drought compared to the benign control, while half of the species exhibited decreasing concentrations under waterlogging and/or flooding. The water regimes, especially waterlogging and flooding, induced changes in species rankings of plant Si and N concentrations, with stronger shifts in forbs than in grasses.

Our results indicate that spatial and temporal variation of water regimes may influence plant Si and N concentrations in temperate grassland species. Plant Si responses to water regimes might be highly species‐specific in forbs but more similar in grasses, whereas plant N responses are likely to be relatively uniform across species and life‐forms.

The strong plasticity in plant Si and N concentrations we observed might have pervasive consequences for ecological processes, such as herbivory.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
The Continuity of a Legal System
Authors: Chen Li‐kung 
Published: November 2022

This article addresses the question whether a legal system can have an identity through time. The jurisprudential debate over the question has been dominated by Hans Kelsen's account of systemic unity of norms, on the one hand, and John Finnis's and Joseph Raz's accounts of the identity of a social system (for example a state) of which a legal system is a part, on the other. Drawing on two previously unexplored situations as test cases for successful explanation, the article demonstrates that the major existing accounts are not wholly satisfactory. A new solution is proposed: it is the practice of legal officials that evinces the criteria for recognising the continuity of the legal system whose officials they are. The article develops an account of the practice's central features and demonstrates that the account supplies coherent solutions to the test cases.
Prognosis of resected invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma compared with the IASLC histologic grading system for invasive nonmucinous adenocarcinoma: Surgical database study in the TKIs era in Korea
Authors: Woo Wongi , Yang Young Ho , Cha Yoon Jin , Moon Duk Hwan , Shim Hyo Sup , Cho Arthur , Kim Bong Jun , Kim Ha Eun , Park Byung Jo , Lee Jin Gu , Kim Dae Joon , Paik Hyo Chae , Lee Sungsoo , Lee Chang Young 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe prognosis of invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) remains controversial and should be clarified by comparison with the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) histologic grading system for invasive nonmucinous adenocarcinoma (INMA).MethodsThis study included patients with IMA who underwent curative resection. Their clinicopathological outcomes were compared with those of patients with INMA. Propensity score matching was performed to compare the prognosis of IMA with IASLC grade 2 or 3. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and log‐rank tests were used to analyze recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsThe prognoses of IMA and IASLC grade 2 were similar in terms of RFS and OS. Although patients with IMA had better RFS than patients with IASLC grade 3, the OS was not significantly different. After propensity score matching, IMA demonstrated similar RFS to IASLC grade 2 but superior to IASLC grade 3; there was no difference in the OS compared with grades 2/3. Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor size (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.20, p = 0.028), lymphovascular invasion (HR = 127.5, p = 0.003), and maximum standardized uptake value (HR = 1.24, p = 0.005) were poor prognostic predictors for RFS. Patients with IMA demonstrated RFS similar to and significantly better than that of patients with IASLC grades 2 and 3, respectively. For OS, IMA prognosis was between that of IASLC grades 2 and 3.ConclusionsSince the prognosis of IMA among lung adenocarcinomas appears to be relatively worse, further clinical studies investigating IMA‐specific treatment and follow‐up plans are necessary to draw more inferences.
Cyprus: Political Developments and Data in 2021
Authors: SÖZEN AHMET , FAUSTMANN HUBERT 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe year 2021 was marked by the continuation of the standstill in attempts to overcome the division of the island, as well as the social, political and economic impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic on both sides of the divide. The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus continued to suffer from political and economic instability. After only one year in office, the ruling coalition collapsed in November. Parliamentary elections in the Greek Cypriot‐dominated Republic of Cyprus led to massive losses of the three largest parties, which, however, did not translate in a large‐scale loss of seats. Moreover, in June there was a small‐scale reshuffling of the Cabinet in the Republic of Cyprus.
A prospective observational study of the effects of sugammadex on peri‐operative oestrogen and progesterone levels in women who take hormonal contraception
Authors: Devoy T. , Hunter M. , Smith N. A. 
Published: November 2022

SummaryPharmacokinetic modelling suggests that sugammadex may interact with endogenous progesterone and reduce levels by 34% in patients taking hormonal contraception. Due to this potential interaction that may be equivalent to missing one dose of an oral contraceptive pill, both the manufacturer and professional anaesthesia organisations recommend counselling patients to use additional non‐hormonal contraception after administration of sugammadex. We performed a prospective observational study examining the changes in serum oestrogen and progesterone concentrations in premenopausal adult women undergoing an operative procedure. Sixty participants who were on hormonal contraception received sugammadex. Two additional control groups were recruited, consisting of 30 participants who were not on hormonal contraception and did not receive sugammadex, and 32 who were not on hormonal contraception and did receive sugammadex. Three blood samples were taken: before sugammadex; 15 min post‐sugammadex; and 240 min post‐sugammadex or end of operating theatre time. Median oestrogen levels decreased from baseline by around 40% at 240 min in all three groups (p ≤ 0.001). Progesterone levels rose significantly at 15 min (p = 0.002) in patients on contraception then decreased non‐significantly to 20% below baseline at 240 min. The decrease in oestrogen and the rise in progesterone could both act to minimise the risk of ovulation and thus protect contraception in this population. We found no evidence of a change in hormone levels that might threaten contraceptive efficacy in women on hormonal contraception receiving sugammadex.
Conversations in a Time of Crisis: Kuppi Talk in the Sri Lankan University Space
Authors: Sumathy Sivamohan , Kadirgamar Ahilan , Kumar Shamala , Lecamwasam Hasini , Perera Nicola 
Published: November 2022

AbstractKuppi in Sinhala and Tamil refers to a small oil lamp, a vial. On university campuses in Sri Lanka, kuppi is the figurative term for a student‐led informal study group led by a “smarter” or senior student. Informed by the complexities of university life, kuppi signifies a politics and pedagogy happening on the margins of the lecture hall. It parodies, subverts, and simultaneously reaffirms social hierarchies. Drawing upon this conceit, a group of academics and activists, found the Kuppi Collective in 2020, as an inquiry of the location of the university, academia, the intellectual and of their imbrication in the state and the global, in all its complexity.In “Conversations in a Time of Crisis,” five of the collective’s members enter into a conversation reflecting on its actions, expectations, and the political, remarking on what the future may hold. The conversation takes on an ever more insistent urgency as Sri Lanka catapults into an economic and political debacle, slowly shutting down, even as we speak. Participants in the conversation are Hasini Lecamwasam (HL), Sivamohan Sumathy (SS), Shamala Kumar (SK), Ahilan Kadirgamar (AK), and Nicola Perera (NP).
Access to effective but expensive treatments: An analysis of the solidarity argument in discussions on funding of medical treatments
Authors: van Till Sietske A. L. , Smids Jilles , Bunnik Eline M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe development of new effective but expensive medical treatments leads to discussions about whether and how such treatments should be funded in solidarity‐based healthcare systems. Solidarity is often seen as an elusive concept; it appears to be used to refer to different sets of concerns, and its interrelations with the concept of justice are not well understood. This paper provides a conceptual analysis of the concept of solidarity as it is used in discussions on the allocation of healthcare resources and the funding of expensive treatments. It contributes to the clarification of the concept of solidarity by identifying in the literature and discussing four uses of the concept: (1) assisting patients in need, (2) upholding the solidarity‐based healthcare system, (3) willingness to contribute and (4) promoting equality. It distinguishes normative and descriptive uses of the concept and outlines the overlap and differences between solidarity and justice. Our analysis shows that the various uses of the concept of solidarity point to different, even conflicting, ethical stances on whether and how access to effective, expensive treatments should be provided. We conclude that the concept of solidarity has a role to play in discussions on the accessibility and funding of newly approved medical treatments. It requires, for instance, that healthcare policies promote and maintain both societal willingness to contribute to the care of others and the value of providing care to vulnerable patients through public funding.
An experimental test of integrating imagery with approach bias modification for alcohol: A cautionary tale
Authors: Fridland Ellen , Wiers Corinde E. , Rinck Mike , Becker Eni S. , Gladwin Thomas E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesIn terms of dual process models, behaviour can be conceived of as the outcome of an interplay between reflective, top‐down and impulsive, bottom‐up processes. Behaviour change interventions may benefit from targeting both types of processes in a coherent way. One approach to this, in the context of reducing hazardous drinking, is to combine imagery involving real‐life situations involving alcohol with the simple actions involved in Approach Bias Modification (ApBM), a form of Cognitive Bias Modification.DesignWe developed and tested a version of this Imagery‐enhanced Approach Bias Modification (IApBM) in an experimental design, with two independent factors: imagery versus control and ApBM versus control training components (N = 139).MethodsAn effect of integrating the training factors was hypothesized on the alcohol‐approach bias of an alcohol Approach‐Avoidance Task. Further exploratory analyses were performed for the bias on alcohol‐related Single Attribute Implicit Association Tests and on alcohol‐related questionnaires. Finally, the psychometric properties of an imagery interference effect during training were explored.ResultsResults showed no benefit of the training and in fact suggested a negative interaction in which combining the training components appeared to block reductions in craving effected by each in isolation. The reliability of the imagery‐related interference effect was high and the effect was correlated with alcohol‐related scales.ConclusionsIn conclusion, it appears that interference between training components decreases their individual effects when combining imagery and ApBM in the current way. The imagery‐related interference effects that could be measured during training conditions may be useful as an implicit measure of automatic processes underlying hazardous drinking.
Les composantes de l'espoir critique dans les récits de parents Afro‐Canadiens de la Nouvelle‐Écosse
Authors: Jean‐Pierre Johanne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecently, there is increasing awareness of the magnitude of anti‐Black racism. As a consequence, several school administrations reiterated their commitment to foster an inclusive school climate and to challenge discrimination, including anti‐Black racism. Critical hope is a theoretical concept that is considered essential to accomplish in‐depth transformations to fight social injustices. Duncan‐Andrade (2009) distinguishes three elements that produce critical hope in school settings: material hope, Socratic hope, and audacious hope. This article draws from data collected during a bilingual qualitative study conducted with African Canadians in Nova Scotia, including immigrants and African Nova‐Scotians. The analysis of semi‐structured interviews and focus groups conducted with 60 participants revealed the role of critical hope within critical pedagogy frameworks, including an anti‐racist approach, to promote the development of concrete actions and critical consciousness among school personnel, while avoiding false hopes, cynicism, discouragement, or fatalism.
Polymeric iron chelators for enhancing 5‐aminolevulinic acid‐induced photodynamic therapy
Authors: Nomoto Takahiro , Komoto Kana , Nagano Tomoya , Ishii Takuya , Guo Haochen , Honda Yuto , Ogura Shun‐ichiro , Ishizuka Masahiro , Nishiyama Nobuhiro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract5‐Aminolevulinic acid (5‐ALA) is an amino acid that can be metabolized into a photosensitizer, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) selectively in a tumor cell, permitting minimally invasive photodynamic diagnosis/therapy. However, some malignant tumor cells have excess intracellular labile iron and facilitate the conversion of PpIX into heme, which compromises the therapeutic potency of 5‐ALA. Here, we examined the potential of chelation of such unfavorable intratumoral labile iron in photodynamic therapy (PDT) with 5‐ALA hydrochloride, using polymeric iron chelators that we recently developed. The polymeric iron chelator efficiently inactivated the intracellular labile iron in cultured cancer cells and importantly enhanced the accumulation of PpIX, thereby improving the cytotoxicity upon photoirradiation. Even in in vivo study with subcutaneous tumor models, the polymeric iron chelator augmented the intratumoral accumulation of PpIX and the PDT effect. This study suggests that our polymeric iron chelator could be a tool for boosting the effect of 5‐ALA‐induced PDT by modulating tumor microenvironment.
Changes in sinus mucosal thickening in the course of tooth extraction and lateral sinus augmentation with surgical drainage: A cone‐beam computed tomographic study
Authors: Park Won‐Bae , Kim Jiyeong , Kim Young‐Jin , Kang Philip , Lim Hyun‐Chang , Han Ji‐Young 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of the study was to evaluate the radiographic changes in sinus mucosal thickness (SMT) in patients with mucosal thickening of odontogenic origin after maxillary molar extraction and lateral sinus augmentation with simultaneous surgical drainage and implant placement.Materials and MethodsForty‐six patients were included in this study. The changes in SMT were evaluated using cone‐beam computed tomography images produced at four time points: before extraction (T0), before surgery (T1), immediately after surgery (T2), and after prosthesis delivery (T3), and statistical differences between time points were analyzed. The changes in SMT and augmented bone height (ABH) regarding the reason of extraction, smoking, ostial patency, and the presence of postoperative sinusitis were also evaluated.ResultsOver time points, SMT gradually decreased (T0: 19.44 ± 9.22 mm, T1: 15.10 ± 8.89 mm, T2: 8.42 ± 6.01 mm, and T3: 4.16 ± 4.91 mm) (p < .05). Five out of 6 patients with ostial obstruction at T1 presented ostial patency at T3. Two patients developed postoperative sinusitis but recovered with medication. Ostial patency at T1, SMT at T1, and reason of extraction did not statistically significantly influence SMT at T3. SMT at T1 had no statistically significant impact on ABH change between T2 and T3.ConclusionSinus mucosal thickness was gradually reduced by extraction of compromised teeth and drainage during lateral sinus augmentation. The drainage contributed more to the reduction in SMT.
Selective brain hypothermia attenuates focal cerebral ischemic injury and improves long‐term neurological outcome in aged female mice
Authors: Liu Liqiang , Liu Jia , Li Ming , Lyu Junxuan , Su Wei , Feng Shejun , Ji Xunming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to investigate the effects of mild selective brain hypothermia on aged female ischemic mice.MethodsA distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO) model was established in aged female mice, who were then subjected to mild selective brain hypothermia immediately after the dMCAO procedure. Neurological behavioral examinations were conducted prior to and up to 35 days post‐ischemia. Infarct volume, brain atrophy, pro‐inflammation, and anti‐inflammation microglia/macrophages phenotype and white matter injury were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. Correlations between neurological behaviors and histological parameters were evaluated by Pearson product linear regression analysis.ResultsSensorimotor and cognitive function tests confirmed the protective effect of mild selective brain hypothermia in elderly female ischemic mice. In addition, hypothermia decreased the infarct volume and brain atrophy induced by focal cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, hypothermia alleviated ischemia‐induced short‐term and long‐term white matter injury, which was correlated with behavioral deficits. Finally, hypothermia suppressed the harmful immunological response by promoting the transformation of pro‐inflammatory microglia/macrophages to anti‐inflammatory phenotype. This polarization was negatively correlated with neuronal loss and white matter injury.ConclusionMild selective brain hypothermia promoted long‐term functional recovery by alleviating white matter damage in an aged female mouse model of ischemia.
States, Money and the Persistence of Colonial Financial Hierarchies in British West Africa
Authors: Bernards Nick 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTThis article contributes to debates about the persistence of colonial hierarchies in global finance by examining the reproduction of key features of colonial monetary and financial systems through the end of formal colonialism in West Africa, with a focus on Ghana. The article draws together engagements with Marxian theories of money and of the colonial state, and an examination of a key period which has often not received sufficient direct attention in debates about colonialism and financial subordination: the breakdown and end of formal colonial rule, roughly between 1930 and 1960. The central puzzle addressed in this article is how, despite the explicit desire on the part of nationalist political leaders to overturn colonial financial systems, these wound up being reproduced through the negotiation of political independence. The article shows how the entanglements of colonial monetary and financial systems with processes of state formation posed severe limits on efforts to articulate a ‘developmental’ colonialism after World War II. Efforts to work around these limits ultimately reinforced the reliance of the colonial and postcolonial state on extractive and hierarchical structures of global finance. In short, the article shows how the contradictory position of the state in colonial capitalism is vital to understanding the persistence of colonial monetary and financial structures.
Reopenable clip‐over‐the‐line method for closing large mucosal defects following gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection: Prospective feasibility study
Authors: Nomura Tatsuma , Sugimoto Shinya , Temma Taishi , Oyamada Jun , Ito Keiichi , Kamei Akira 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesLarge mucosal defects following gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) cause postoperative bleeding. To address this limitation and ensure closure of large mucosal defects, we developed the reopenable clip‐over‐the‐line method (ROLM) using a reopenable clip and nylon line. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of the ROLM for closure of large mucosal defects following gastric ESD in a prospective, consecutive series of cases.MethodsWe performed the ROLM on 50 consecutive patients with gastric mucosal defects at the Ise Red Cross Hospital and Mie Prefectural Shima Hospital. The time to complete the ROLM, numbers of clips and lines required, size of defect, and closure success rate were measured, and postoperative adverse events were recorded.ResultsIn all, 50 lesions were included in this study period between July 2021 and March 2022. The success rates of defect closure and defect closure without submucosal dead space of the ROLM were both 100% (50/50), with a median ROLM time of 30 (range, 14–35) min and a median resected specimen major axis of 45 (range, 31–73) mm. The median number of reopenable clips used was 31 (range, 10–93). Following gastric ESD, two cases of post‐ESD bleeding were observed during the follow‐up periods.ConclusionOur results suggest that ROLM is a feasible strategy for complete closure of mucosal defects post‐ESD without submucosal dead space. Future comparative studies with post‐ESD bleeding rate as the main outcome are desirable to evaluate the efficacy of ROLM.