bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbapenem resistance gene crisis in A. baumannii: A computational analysis
Authors: Zahra Nureen , Zeshan Basit , Ishaq Musarat 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii)is one of the members ofESKAPEbacteria which is considered multidrug resistant globally. The objective of this study is to determine the protein docking of different ARGs inA. baumannii.In silicoanalysis of antibiotic resistance genes against carbapenem are the blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-58, blaOXA-24, blaOXA-143, NMD-1 and IMP-1 inA. baumannii. The doripenem, imipenem and meropenem were docked to blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 using PyRx. The top docking energy was − 5.5 Kcal/mol by imipenem and doripenem and meropenem showed a binding score of -5. 2Kcal/mol each and blaOXA-23 energy was − 4.3 Kcal/mol by imipenem and meropenem showed a binding score of -2.3 Kcal/mol, while doripenem showed the binding score of -3.4 Kcal/mol. Similarly, doripenem imipenem and meropenem were docked to blaOXA-58, IMP-1, Rec A and blaOXA-143, with docking energy was − 8.8Kcal/mol by doripenem and meropenem each while imipenem showed a binding score of -4.2Kcal/mol and with IMP-1 demonstrated their binding energies. was − 5.7 Kcal/mol by meropenem and doripenem showed a binding score of -5.3Kcal/mol, while imipenem showed a binding score of -4.5 Kcal/mol. And docking energy was − 4.9Kcal/mol by imipenem and meropenem showed binding energy of -3.6Kcal/mol each while doripenem showed a binding score of -3.9Kcal/mol in RecA and with blaOXA-143 docking energy was − 3.0 Kcal/mol by imipenem and meropenem showed a binding score of -1.9Kcal/mol, while doripenem showed the binding score of -2.5 Kcal/mol respectively. Doripenem, imipenem, and meropenem docking findings with blaOXA-24 confirmed their binding energies. Doripenem had the highest docking energy of -5.5 Kcal/mol, meropenem had a binding score of -4.0 Kcal/mol, and imipenem had a binding score of -3.9 Kcal/mol. PyRx was used to dock the doripenem, imipenem, and meropenem to NMD-1. Docking energies for doripenem were all – 4.0Kcal/mol, whereas meropenem had docking energy of -3.3 Kcal/mol and imipenem was − 1.50Kcal/mol.
Analysis of Seasonal Variation and Dispersion Pattern of Ambient Air Pollutants in an Urban Environment
Authors: Sellamuthu Sadheesh , Jeyadharmarajan Jeyanthi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

The level of air pollution increased in urban areas due to local atmospheric conditions and dispersion of various air pollutants. In this study, the air quality index was carried out in four places in the urban zone and investigated the seasonal variation of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and O3 over one year (2021) by considering the meteorological parameters in Coimbatore. Furthermore, fluidyn-PANACHE, a CFD tool, has been used to simulate the dispersion pattern of gaseous pollutants in the selected locations. To track the model, the concentration details of gaseous pollutants were collected and pollutant dispersion under numerous atmospheric conditions (Humidity, Temperature, Pressure) was identified using fluidyn-PANACHE software. From the collected air samples and dispersion pattern, SO2 and O3 show higher concentrations in summer. Particulate matter and NO2 show higher concentrations in winter due to seasonal variations in energy use and atmospheric constancy. Pearson correlation coefficients indicate most pollutants are correlated in Coimbatore except Ozone. Compared to the AQI category given by CPCB, the selected four locations are in the moderate category. However, increased PM10 levels were observed at all the selected zones in winter due to the process of inversion and environmental conditions.
Statistical analysis and optimization for experimental model of output temperature a helical heat exchanger emerging in a cylindrical tank using the response surface method
Authors: Toujani N. , Saleh B. , BOUAZIZ Nahla 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

In this study, the performance of the helical coil heat exchanger is experimentally tested. The results are statistically analyzed using the response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the heat exchanger response under various parameters. The helical coil outlet temperature is measured as the heat exchanger response. The considered parameters, affecting the performance, are the inlet temperature and pressure to the helical coil in addition to the water bath temperature surrounding the coil. Also, the mutual interactions between these parameters and their influences on the response of the helical coil are evaluated. This study is carried out in two parts, the first part is devoted to perform the experimental tests, and the second part deals statistically with the modelling and optimization of these results. Design of experiments (DOE) is provided according to the full factorial design method. Three parameters with three levels lead to performing 27 experimental runs. Finally, the results are modelled by the RSM method, and the adequacy of the model is verified by ANOVA analysis. The analysis of each parameter effect was performed to identify and rank various critical parameters relative to their order of importance. A complete RSM statistical model with a full factorial design is established. The results show that the statistical model equation has an accuracy of more than 98% to predict the output response of the heat exchanger. The inlet temperature has a dominant effect on the response by 30%. The mutual combination between the investigated parameters shows that the most important correlation is between the inlet temperature and pressure. The developed model enables the optimization of the outlet temperature response without referring to the physical and thermal properties of the used fluid.
Isolation, molecular identification, and investigation of the probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Psidium guajava
Authors: Anitha S , Manivannan A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Probiotics are non-pathogenic microorganisms that can interact with the stomach microbiota, and enhance their beneficial effects by improving the host immune system. These probiotics are generally isolated mostly from dairy and its byproducts. However, lactose-intolerant people and those who follow veganism are demanding probiotics from the non-dairy source hence for their purpose the present study focused on isolating lactic acid bacteria from Psidium guajava. The isolate was identified as Lactobacillus brevis using biochemical characterization and 16s RNA sequencing. Following this, a series of in vitro tests were conducted to determine the probiotic potential of the isolates including, survival in gut conditions (acid, bile, sodium chloride, phenol, gastric, pancreatin), lysozyme resistance, and survival at different temperatures. The isolate survived the harsh condition in the range of 77–99%. The safety assessment of the isolate was analyzed by an antibiotic susceptibility test in which the isolate was resistant to all the 26 antibiotics, producing no hemolytic and Dnase activity. The antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic organism showed a good inhibitory effect. Considering the enzymatic potential of L.brevis, the presence of protease, lipase, and amylase enzymes was identified. The presence of exopolysaccharide and biofilm production was confirmed by the standard method. The adhesion ability was investigated and the cell surface hydrophobicity was 50.2%, autoaggregation was 92% and co aggregation with E.coli was 55.2%. Cholesterol assimilating ability was confirmed by bile salt hydrosylate activity and percent assimilation was 55.4%. The result of these studies showed that L.brevis could be an excellent potential probiotic for application in the food and pharmaceutical industry.
Saccharin ingestion does not alter the metabolic response of regulatory and counter regulatory hormones compared to glucose ingestion – A double blind, cross-over study
Authors: Zifman Eyal , Evrani Merav , Pantanowitz Michal , Schujovitzky Dana , Eliakim Alon , Nemet Dan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Previous research has suggested a correlation between consumption of artificial sweeteners, a paradoxical increase in weight and elevated prevalence of the metabolic syndrome. Our aim was to assess whether consumption of artificial sweeteners impacts the intrinsic hormonal profile in a different manner than consumption of sugar, thus contributing to a secondary increase in caloric consumption.Methods: A cross over, double blind research including 12 young, healthy males. Each participant was randomly assigned to drink a sweetened beverage containing either 50g glucose or 0.166g saccharin. Plasma glucose, insulin, adrenaline, noradrenalin, cortisol, leptin, dopamine, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and growth hormone (GH) levels were sampled before and during the 3 hours after ingestion and dietary intake was assessed for 24 hours.Results: Plasma glucose and insulin levels were significantly higher, after ingestion of the glucose beverage compared to the artificially sweetened beverage. Plasma GH and noradrenaline levels were higher 180 minutes post glucose ingestion. No significant differences were found in the plasma levels of cortisol, leptin, IGF-1 adrenaline and dopamine, following glucose or saccharin ingestion. There was no difference in the 24 hours intake of total calories, carbohydrates, fat and protein. Conclusion: Consumption of a beverage containing saccharin was followed by a difference in glucose and insulin levels compared to glucose ingestion. No differences in other regulatory hormonal responses as well as in the 24h dietary consumption were noted. Larger prospective studies are required to evaluate the influence of artificial sweeteners on the risk of developing obesity and metabolic complications.
Evaluation of the effect of extraoral apicoectomy and retrograde filling for the sealing of the root canal system of mature auto-transplantation teeth
Authors: Liao Fenglin , Wang Hui , Zhao Jihong , Zhang Biao , Zhong Haoyan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and feasibility of the use of extra-oral apicoectomy combined with retrograde filling for the sealing of root canal system without root canal therapy in the process of autotransplantation of tooth（ATT） .Materials and methods: Patients receiving autologous tooth transplantation in the Department of Oral Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University from 2019 to 2020 were screened. A total 22 patients were included. All the roots of the donor tooth were fractured during tooth extraction, and root canal therapy was not performed temporarily after repairing the broken end and retrograde filling with iRoot BP plus. The periodontal status of the donor teeth 1–2 years after operation was studied, and CBCT was used to assess the presence of ankylosis, internal or external resorption of tooth, periodontitis, periapical periodontitis and omission of canal closure. Results: 22 transplanted teeth of 22 cases were all capable of chewing, and 4 of them had adverse clinical or radiographic findings. Results show a retention rate of 100% and success rate of 81.8%. These figures are consistent with the success and retention rates of the traditional autotransplantation. 63.6% of patients were able to chew hard objects with the planted teeth, and 45.4% of the cases had food impaction.the chewing efficiency of the patient's transplanted teeth side accounted for an average of 82.0% on the healthy side. Conclusion: The extra-oral apicoectomy combined with retrograde filling of the transplanted teeth yielded good results．Clinical Revelance: In some special cases such as when the complex root canal system of the donor teeth cannot guarantee perfect root canal therapy, extra-oral apicoectomy and retrograde filling to seal the root canal system may be an alternative for patients with autogenous tooth transplantation.
Loss of tumor suppressor WWOX accelerates pancreatic cancer development through promotion of TGFβ/BMP2 signaling
Authors: Husanie Hussam , Abu-Remaileh Muhannad , Maroun Kian , Abu-Tair Lina , Safadi Hazem , Atlan Karine , Golan Talia , Aqeilan Rami 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancers, owing to its late diagnosis and resistance to chemotherapy. The tumor suppressor WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX), one of the most active fragile sites in the human genome (FRA16D), is commonly altered in pancreatic cancer. However, the direct contribution of WWOX loss to pancreatic cancer development and progression remains largely unknown. Here, we report that combined conditional deletion of Wwox and activation of KRasG12D in Ptf1a-CreER-expressing mice results in accelerated formation of precursor lesions and pancreatic carcinoma. At the molecular level, we found that WWOX physically interacts with SMAD3 and BMP2, which are known activators of the TGF-β signaling pathway. In the absence of WWOX, TGFβ/BMPs signaling was enhanced, leading to increased macrophage infiltration and enhanced cancer stemness. Finally, overexpression of WWOX in patient-derived xenografts led to diminished aggressiveness both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our findings reveal an essential role of WWOX in pancreatic cancer development and progression and underscore its role as a bona fide tumor suppressor.
Fecal microbiota transplantation modulates the intestinal microbiome and alleviates Escherichia coli infected outcomes in mice
Authors: Wang Yaping , Chen Xiushuang , Liang Ying , Liu Han , Alam Fakhar , Shahzad Asim , Wei Kunhua , Li Kun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Given the crucial role of gut microbiota in animal and human health, studies on modulating the intestinal microbiome for therapeutic purposes have absorbed significant attention, of which the role of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been emphasized. Methods: In the current study, we evaluated the effect of FMT on Escherichia coli (E.coli) infected mice from the perspective of analysis of body weight loss, mortality, intestinal histopathology and immunohistochemistry, and the gut microbiome. Results: Results showed that FMT effectively decreased weight loss and mortality in infected mice to a certain extent, relieving the damaged structure of the intestinal villi driven by infection. Furthermore, the abundance of bacteria health-threatening, such as phylum Proteobacteria, family Enterobacteriaceae, Tannerellaceae, genus Escherichia-Shigella, Sphingomonas, Collinsella etc., were significantly increased, whereas those of beneficial bacteria (phylum Firmicutes, family Lactobacillaceae, genus Lactobacillus) were decreased in gut of infected mice. Moreover, we sought to investigate if the amelioration of clinical symptoms with FMT treatment in infected mice was associated with modulation in disordered gut microbiota. According to beta diversity, the microbial community results reflected the similarities between non-infected and FMT mice’s gut microbiota. The improvement of the intestinal microbiota following FMT was characterized by the significantly increased beneficial microorganisms and the synergistic decrease of Escherichia-Shigella, Acinetobacter, etc. Conclusion: These findings suggest a beneficial host-microbiome correlation might be built following FMT to relieve gut infections and pathogens-associated diseases.
Extended surgical resection for primary retroperitoneal sarcoma. Systematic review and meta- analysis
Authors: Hussein Osama , Shoman Ahmed , Elbalka Saleh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground & Objectives: Retroperitoneal sarcomas are often advanced at presentation. Surgery remains the only available curative management. The extent of surgical resection is debatable. There is a strong cause for compartmental resection of the whole hemi-retroperitoneum, but high-level evidence is lacking. This systematic review examines published evidence for the effect of resection policy on the oncologic outcome.Methods: The PubMed was searched for “retroperitoneal neoplasms”, “surgery”, “surgical procedures, operative”, and “margin of resection”. Web Of Science™ was searched for “retroperitoneal neoplasms” and “surgical management”. English-language articles that investigated retroperitoneal sarcoma in adult patients with extent of surgery as an independent variable and oncologic outcome as endpoints were included.Results: Twenty-three articles were retained for analysis. All articles were retrospective. Meta-analysis showed equivalence of overall survival with extended surgery versus limited surgery and with sole tumor resection versusen-blocresection with contiguous organs. Multivisceral resection did not increase morbidity.Conclusions: The role of universal extended surgery and the subset of patients who may benefit from irradiation treatment remain open questions.
Adaptation and validation of a coding algorithm for the Charlson comorbidity index in administrative claims data using the SNOMED CT standardized vocabulary
Authors: Fortin Stephen Patrick , Reps Jenna , Ryan Patrick 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), the most ubiquitous comorbid risk score, predicts one-year mortality among hospitalized patients and provides a single aggregate measure of patient comorbidity. The Quan adaptation of the CCI revised the CCI coding algorithm for applications to administrative claims data using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). The purpose of the current study is to adapt and validate a coding algorithm for the CCI using the SNOMED CT standardized vocabulary, one of the most commonly used vocabularies for data collection in healthcare databases in the U.S.
Methods
The SNOMED CT coding algorithm for the CCI was adapted through the direct translation of the Quan coding algorithms followed by manual curation by clinical experts. The performance of the SNOMED CT and Quan coding algorithms were compared in the context of a retrospective cohort study of inpatient visits occurring during the calendar years of 2013 and 2018 contained in two U.S. administrative claims databases. Differences in the CCI or frequency of individual comorbid conditions were assessed using standardized mean differences (SMD). Performance in predicting one-year mortality among hospitalized patients was measured based on the c-statistic of logistic regression models.
Results
For each database and calendar year combination, no significant differences in the CCI or frequency of individual comorbid conditions were observed between vocabularies (SMD ≤ 0.10). Specifically, the difference in CCI measured using the SNOMED CT vs. Quan coding algorithms was highest in MDCD in 2013 (3.75 vs. 3.6; SMD = 0.03) and lowest in DOD in 2018 (3.93 vs. 3.86; SMD = 0.02). Similarly, as indicated by the c-statistic, there was no evidence of a difference in the performance between coding algorithms in predicting one-year mortality (SNOMED CT vs. Quan coding algorithms, range: 0.725–0.789 vs. 0.723–0.787, respectively). A total of 700 of 5,348 (13.1%) ICD code mappings were inconsistent between coding algorithms. The most common cause of discrepant codes was multiple ICD codes mapping to a SNOMED CT code (n = 560) of which 213 were deemed clinically relevant thereby leading to information gain.
Conclusion
The current study repurposed an important tool for conducting observational research to use the SNOMED CT standardized vocabulary.
Listeria species contamination in the milk-processing chain and decontamination proficiency of small-scale milk retailers
Authors: Kananub Suppada , Lertsakkongkul Papavarin , Aryatawong Patsara , Horhirunkhajohn Wilailak , Pinniam Nayika , Krajanglikit Praphaphan , Sonthong Kamonrat , Kasemsuwan Suwicha 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Listeria is an important-foodborne bacteria. Many people prefer consuming milk products from small-scale retailers. These milk products are not of controlled quality and can cause listeriosis. We explored the possibility of Listeria spp. contamination in milk products from the farm and retailer level. The efficiency of vendors’ processing measures in eliminating L. monocytogenes was also evaluated. Milk samples in the current study were collected from bulk tanks and small-scale milk retailers. As part of the clinical trial, L. monocytogenes-added samples were tested for remaining bacteria after treatment with processing measures employed by the vendors. Descriptive analysis, Chi-squared test, and Fisher’s exact test were used for data analysis. The milk from the farm level presented 1% listeria contamination, which was confirmed to be L. marthii. Data analyses revealed that the location of the retailer was associated with the volume they routinely ordered per lot and the milk-processing time the vendors used to treat milk (p < 0.05). Knowledge on raw milk contamination is significantly associated with the stocking or processing of the whole milk lot. Male sellers reportedly treating milk less thoroughly than their female counterparts (p < 0.01). In clinical trial, L. monocytogenes was not identified after sample treatment.
The Impact of the Northern Ethiopian Tigray War on Hypertensive Patients’ Follow Up: a Brief Quantitative Study
Authors: Hailu Abraha , Gidey Kibreab , Zenebe Dawit , Berhe Ephrem , Kidu Meskelu , Berhane Samuel , Gebrearegawi Hailemariam , Tesfay Hagazi , Mehari Desilu , Kahsay Hagos , Msc Senait Alemayehu , Msc Kidanu Gebremariam , Gebregziabher Tesfay 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background: A tragic and brutal war has been ongoing in Tigray, northern Ethiopia since November 2020. More than 70 % of health facilities had been dysfunctional. The condition of the hypertensive patients follow up/care and other non-communicable diseases is not studied since the war started.Methods: This study was conducted in six zones of Tigrai from July 03-to August 5, 2021. Health facilities were randomly selected and data on patient’s follow-up of pre-war period (September 2020-October 2020) as well as the subsequent 8 months war period (November 2020-June 2021). Data were collected using a check list. The number of patients who had visits during pre-war and the 8-month war period were compared to assess the impact of the war.Results: Pre-war and post war data from 46 health facilities in Tigray region (31 health centers, 9 primary hospitals and 6 general hospitals) was collected and analysed. There were 2565 average monthly hypertension visits to health facilities before war period which dropped to 1211 during the war period, a 52.7% reduction. There was reduction of hypertension visits across all health facilities; with health centres 51.2% and hospitals a 53.5% reduction. Eastern and north west zone health facilities had worst impact of the war as both showed >85% reduction in clinic visits. The impact of the war was highest in rural areas especially remote areas than urban areas. There was no available data from western Tigray zone and some other zones’ health centres and hospitals due to war destructions. The impact of the war on hypertensive patients could even be higher in these areas.Conclusion: Due to the war, the care of hypertension had significantly decreased in Tigray. Reduction in the number of hypertensive patients follow up visits and hence care would lead to an increase in short and long-term morbidity/mortality from stroke, acute coronary syndrome, heart failure and sudden cardiac death among other consequences. We recommend humanitarian/development agencies and other organizations to consider morbidity from hypertension and all other chronic non-communicable diseases when planning.