bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex, Asexual Marriage Equality and Mental Health: Implications of India’s Supreme Court Ruling
Authors: Miller A M , Salim Sreya M , Joseph Jithin T 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The recent denial of legal recognition for same-sex marriages (SSMs) by the Supreme Court of India has sparked discussions on civil liberties and mental health. In contrast to the legal status in 33 countries, the situation in India prompts reflections on the potential benefits of marriage equality. Global surveys indicate growing support for SSM legalization, highlighting its potential impact on social inclusion, relationship stability, financial resources, and mental health. While no evidence suggests worse mental health outcomes for children of same-sex parents, they may encounter challenges linked to societal stigma. In addition, marriage equality for the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex, and Asexual (LGBTQIA+) community could lead to improved economic outcomes and foster a more inclusive society. This article advocates for a holistic approach to address the mental health and overall well-being of the diverse LGBTQIA+ community in India.
Mental Health Literacy among Rural Tribal Caregivers of Severe Mental Disorders: A Comparative Study
Authors: Kanta Renuka , Kannekanti Prasad , Pratap Alok , Alagarsami A. R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Caregivers play a crucial role in Indian families; their mental health literacy (MHL) needs to be considered for better mental health outcomes in persons with mental illness. Most persons with mental illness live with their families; family and caregivers play a significant role in persons with mental illness among Indian families.

Materials and Methods:
The present study aims to assess superstitious beliefs, stigma toward mental health treatment, caregiver burden, and MHL among rural tribal and nontribal caregivers of persons with severe mental disorders (SMDs) in a tertiary psychiatric hospital in India. The study followed a comparative cross-sectional research design. Purposive sampling was used to collect 60 tribal and nontribal caregivers of persons with SMDs at a tertiary psychiatric center outpatient department.

Results:
Significant differences were found between tribal and nontribal caregivers on MHL, caregiver burden, mental health treatment stigma, superstitious beliefs, and negative beliefs toward mental illness. A significant negative correlation was also found between the duration of treatment and poor social and interpersonal skills. Poor knowledge of mental illness, stigma, poverty, negative attitude toward mental illness, lack of formal education, and living in a rural community are the reasons for delayed treatment, which are closely associated with poor MHL.

Conclusions:
MHL is poor among tribal and nontribal caregivers; conducting promotional mental health activities in the rural community and training the various stakeholders will help educate the caregivers and fight against unethical practices toward persons with mental illness.
A Decade of Telehealth Implementation for Promotive and Preventive Care in Indonesia: A Scoping Review
Authors: Nugraheni Wahyu Pudji , Rachmawati Tety , Susianti Novia , Yulianti Anni , Kusnali Asep , Nuraini Syarifah , Faisal Debri Rizki , Purwatiningsih Yuni , Idris Haerawati , Arifin Hidayat 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
Telehealth has improved promotive and preventive health care through enhanced access to health-care services. Existing literature on telehealth in Indonesia has primarily concentrated on telemedicine in the curative area. However, there is a lack of research exploring telehealth in Indonesia that focuses on promotive and preventive. Therefore, this review examines the existing literature concerning the types and implementation of telehealth in promotive and preventive care within Indonesia over the past decade.

Methods:
A scoping review based on Arksey and O’Malley’s framework was used in this study. A literature search was performed in March 2023 across seven databases: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, CINAHL, Medline, Health Internetwork Access to Research Initiative, and Garba Digital Reference. The data were extracted, categorized, and synthesized using narrative descriptions, tables, and graphics.

Results:
A total of 532 articles were identified, and 29 articles were included. Telehealth programs concern maternal and child health, communicable diseases, noncommunicable diseases, and nutrition. Modality using telehealth for health services is done in the form of video, remote monitoring, storing and forwarding, and others. Important aspects highlighted in the implementation of telehealth include patient acceptance, health worker acceptance, policy, technology, organization, and financing.

Conclusion:
Telehealth for promotive and preventive health care has evolved in Indonesia over the past decade. Successful implementation hinges on positive reception, supportive policies, reliable technology, efficient organizational structures, and adequate financing. A holistic approach considering these factors is crucial for maximum impact, with government support in policy formulation, technology provision, and funding essential for successful telehealth in promotive and preventive health-care services.
Ocular microvascular alterations in epileptic patients
Authors: Kurtul Bengi E. , Demiray Derya Y. , Yilmaz Cagla K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

PURPOSE:
The brain and eye are linked by the same nerves and arteries, presenting a hemodynamic continuity. Alterations in ocular perfusion may have an impact on the visual function or the neurodegenerative process. We aimed to assess whether there is a relationship between epilepsy and ocular microvasculature in the adult population by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

METHODS:
This observational, cross-sectional study included 22 epilepsy patients (epilepsy group), and 21 healthy controls (control group). OCTA analysis of the vessel density (VD) of the retinal superficial capillary plexus, deep capillary plexus, foveal retinal thickness (FRT), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) areas, and the radial peripapillary capillary, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness were evaluated.

RESULTS:
Age, gender, central corneal thicknesses, and mean intraocular pressure levels were similar between the groups (P>0.05 for all). Superficial and deep retinal capillary VD, FRT, and FAZ areas were not significantly different between the groups. However, significantly lower superior quadrant RNFL thicknesses and lower optic disc whole and peripapillary capillary VD were detected in the epilepsy group when compared to the control group (P = 0.026, P < 0.001, and P = 0.006, respectively).

CONCLUSION:
Besides the neurological basis of epilepsy, vascular dysfunction seems to be another risk factor in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. OCTA may be suggested as a potentially useful biomarker for ocular microvascular alterations in epileptic patients.
Comparison of clinical outcomes of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for refractory ascites and recurrent nonrefractory ascites
Authors: Luo Shi-Hua , Zhang Hui-Fang , Liu Wei , Chu Jian-Guo , Chen Jian-Yong 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) has an important role in the therapy of complications of portal-hypertension-related ascites. Various guidelines now indicate that TIPS is indicated for refractory ascites (RA), but TIPS for recurrent nonrefractory ascites (RNRA) achieved better clinical results.
AIM
To compare the clinical outcomes of TIPS for RA and RNRA in patients with complications related to portal hypertension.
METHODS
There were 863 patients divided into two main categories who underwent TIPS between September 2016 and September 2021. In category 1, patients had ascites without cirrhotic gastrointestinal bleeding. The patients were divided into group A (RNRA, n = 183) and group B (RA, n = 217). In category 2, patients had ascites and cirrhotic gastrointestinal bleeding. The patients were divided into group C (RNRA, n = 328) and group D (RA, n = 135). The clinical outcomes were probability of total hepatic impairment, incidence of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and mortality.
RESULTS
The symptoms of ascites disappeared or were relieved within 1 week in group A compared with group B (P = 0.032), and in group C compared with group D (P = 0.027). By the end of follow-up, there were significant differences in the rate of RA in group A compared with group B (P = 0.016), and in group C compared with group D (P = 0.012). The probability of total hepatic impairment was significantly different in group A compared with group B (P = 0.024), and in group C compared with group D (P = 0.019). The total incidence of HE was significantly different in group A compared with group B (P = 0.008), and in group C compared with group D (P = 0.004). The 6-month, and 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates were significantly different between groups A and B (all P < 0.05), and between groups C and D (all P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
TIPS has a good therapeutic effect on ascites related to cirrhotic portal hypertension, and early TIPS for RNRA can prolong survival, and prevent progression to RA.
Predictors and prognosticators of outcomes in alcoholic hepatitis: A retrospective single center study
Authors: Yang Kevin , Nallapeta Naren , Hossein-Javaheri Nariman , Carlson Alexander , Quigley Brian , Mahl Thomas 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Various prognostic scores have been developed to predict mortality and response to steroids in alcoholic hepatitis (AH). We aimed to further validate and compare these scores, particularly pre-day 7 Lille scores, in addition to identifying reliable predictors of complications and mortality such as renal dysfunction and nutritional status.
AIM
To identify predictors of complications and mortality in AH, particularly focusing on demographics, renal involvement, underlying liver disease, and nutrition.
METHODS
This is a retrospective analysis of patients admitted to a large urban tertiary care center with AH from 2020 to 2022. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to compare established prognostic scores with Lille scores from day 3 to day 7 (LM3-7). Logistic regression equations were conducted to identify predictor variables.
RESULTS
Severe AH (SAH) as defined by Maddrey’s discriminant function ≥ 32 was diagnosed in 150 out of 425 patients with AH. LM3-7 had 28-day mortality rates in the responder group of 7%-11%, while in the non-responder group, mortality rates were approximately 38%-42%. LM3-7 had 90-day mortality rates in the responder group of 12% to 17%, while in the non-responder group, mortality rates were 48%-53%. Furthermore, all LM3-7 scores showed comparable efficacy in predicting mortality using ROC curve analysis; Area under ROC ranged from 0.771 to 0.802 for 28-day mortality and 0.743 to 0.809 for 90-day mortality. Regarding complications and mortality in AH, significant predictors included poor nutritional status, underlying cirrhosis, and acute renal dysfunction.
CONCLUSION
LM3-6 is as accurate as LM7 in predicting corticosteroid efficacy for 28-day and 90-day mortality in patients with SAH. Holding glucocorticoids early during the disease course can prevent unnecessary complications.
Uncovering immune cell heterogeneity in hepatocellular carcinoma by combining single-cell RNA sequencing with T-cell receptor sequencing
Authors: Gu Xin-Yu , Gu Shuang-Lin , Chen Zi-Yi , Tong Jin-Long , Li Xiao-Yue , Dong Hui , Zhang Cai-Yun , Qian Wen-Xian , Ma Xiu-Chang , Yi Chang-Hua , Yi Yong-Xiang 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Understanding the status and function of tumor-infiltrating immune cells is essential for improving immunotherapeutic effects and predicting the clinical response in human patients with carcinoma. However, little is known about tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and the corresponding research results in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are limited.
AIM
To investigate potential biomarker genes that are important for the development of HCC and to understand how immune cell subsets react throughout this process.
METHODS
Using single-cell RNA sequencing and T-cell receptor sequencing, the heterogeneity and potential functions of immune cell subpopulations from HCC tissue and normal tissue adjacent to carcinoma, as well as their possible interactions, were analyzed.
RESULTS
Eight T-cell clusters from patients were analyzed and identified using bioinformatics, including six typical major T-cell clusters and two newly identified T-cell clusters, among which Fc epsilon receptor 1G+ T cells were characterized by the upregulation of Fc epsilon receptor 1G, tyrosine kinase binding protein, and T cell receptor delta constant, whereas metallothionein 1E+ T cells proliferated significantly in tumors. Differentially expressed genes, such as regulator of cell cycle, cysteine and serine rich nuclear protein 1, SMAD7 and metallothionein 1E, were identified as significantly upregulated in tumors and have potential as biomarkers. In association with T-cell receptor analysis, we inferred the clonal expansion characteristics of each T-cell cluster in HCC patients.
CONCLUSION
We identified lymphocyte subpopulations and potential biomarker genes critical for HCC development and revealed the clonal amplification of infiltrating T cells. These data provide valuable resources for understanding the response of immune cell subsets in HCC.
Anti-TB Medicines Supply Chain Management Practices in Public Health Facilities of Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gezahegn Sifrash , Mekonen Zelalem Tilahun , Ali Eskinder Eshetu 
Published: February 2025

The fight against tuberculosis (TB), one of the leading causes of death worldwide, depends on a wellfunctioning supply chain system of anti-TB medicines. There is a paucity of information on the anti-TB medicine supply chain management situation in the Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Hence, this study explored supply chain practices in public health facilities of the Zone. A concurrent mixed methods design was followed to collect quantitative and qualitative data from August to September 2020. A total of 20 health facilities were involved in the study following the logistics indicator assessment tool recommendations to include at least 15% of the facilities in the geographic region. A structured questionnaire and observational checklist were used to collect quantitative data. In-depth interviews were done with experts from selected health facilities, Gurage Zone health department, Regional Health Bureau, the Ethiopian Pharmaceutical Supply Services and the Federal Ministry of Health for the qualitative part of the study. Inductive thematic analysis was employed for qualitative, while descriptive statistics were utilized for the quantitative data. Eighteen out of the 20 facilities in the study (90%) relied solely on stock recording cards, one (5%) used computerized system and the other one did not have any system for controlling their anti-TB medicine inventory. The average inventory accuracy for a set of anti-TB medicines was 76.6% with a range from 0% to 100%. For a set of anti-TB medicines, the average availability in the review period was 82.6% and the average stock out duration was 11.23 ± 1.38 days in a year (Min. = 0, Max. = 115). The average wastage rate for a set of first-line anti-TB medicines was 4.8%. The thematic analysis identified the themes: forecasting and procurement, storage and inventory management and supervision and updates on guidelines. Data accuracy issues and long lead time were forecasting and procurement related challenges for anti-TB medicines. Poor condition of storage facilities and outdated stock records were storage and inventory management related challenges. Weak supervision and resource limitations for trainings were supervision and updates on guidelines related challenges. Overall, the study documented poor stock management practices reflected by presence of shortages and wastages of essential anti-TB medicines. Digitalization of inventory control systems and capacity-building interventions to improve quantification are recommended to improve the supply chain management practices of the studied facilities.
Aplicação e comparação dos índices funcionais de Oswestry e de Roland-Morris durante tratamento de lombalgia aguda
Authors: NAKAGAKI WILSON ROMERO , KROLL LÚCIO BENEDICTO , MASSELLI MARIA RITA 
Published: February 2025

Introdução: A lombalgia é um dos distúrbios dolorosos quemais afeta o homem. O uso de índices funcionais para avaliá-la tem sidorelatado na literatura, pois são capazes de coletar informações importantespara a elaboração e condução do tratamento. O objetivo deste estudo foicomparar os resultados da aplicação dos índices funcionais(questionários) de Oswestry e de Roland-Morris durante o tratamento delombalgia aguda. Métodos: Foram avaliados 35 pacientes (27 mulheres e8 homens) na faixa etária entre 23 a 62 anos. As avaliações foramrealizadas na primeira e na décima segunda sessão de tratamento. Alémdestes índices, também foi utilizada a escala visual analógica. Resultados:Comparando os dados das 2 sessões, para cada um separadamente, foiverificado que houve alívio significativo da dor e, também, uma reduçãodo grau de incapacidade funcional. A análise estatística demonstrou quehouve correlação linear significativa e positiva entre os doisquestionários, indicando que eles são capazes e sensíveis o suficiente para detectar níveis semelhantes de incapacidade funcional. Conclusão: Deacordo com os resultados, foi possível concluir que os dois índicesavaliaram de forma semelhante o estado funcional dos pacientes.
Segundo molar inferior impactado: relato de um caso clínico
Authors: FREITAS DANIEL SALVATORE , GANDELMANN ÍTALO HONORATO ALFREDO , CAVALCANTE MARIA APARECIDA DE ALBUQUERQUE , PINTO LEONARDO AUGUSTUS PERAL FERREIRA , FAVILLA EDUARDO ESBERARD 
Published: February 2025

A etiologia da impactação dentária pode estar relacionada aalgum distúrbio do crescimento mandibular ou do desenvolvimentodentário. Além disso, há os fatores iatrogênicos. As opções de tratamentopara verticalização de molares dependem do grau de inclinação dosdentes, da posição dos terceiros molares, e do tipo de movimentaçãodesejada. As alternativas de tratamento são inúmeras, e podem ou nãoenvolver cirurgia para exposição da coroa do molar. Atualmente, ométodo mais utilizado é o uso de acessórios ortodônticos para otracionamento de dentes não irrompidos, devido à sua maior facilidadetécnica, exigência de menor extensão da área cirúrgica e menor remoção de tecido para acesso à coroa dentária. Este artigo objetiva relatar um casoclínico de um paciente com um segundo molar inferior impactado devidoao irrompimento e inclinação para mesial do terceiro molar. Optou-sepela extração do terceiro molar, exposição cirúrgica da coroa do segundomolar e colagem de acessório para tracionamento ortodôntico. Osresultados obtidos foram bons e os objetivos do tratamento ortodônticoforam alcançados, obtendo-se uma oclusão estática e funcionalexcelentes.
Resistência adesiva da colagem de braquetes com quatro tipos de resina composta fotopolimerizadas com luz halógena e LED
Authors: DIAS FERNANDO HENRIQUE TRIGUEIRO , CAVALCANTI CELSO TINÔCO , CANUTO LUIZ FILIPHE GONÇALVES 
Published: February 2025

O presente estudo avaliou a resistência adesiva de quatroadesivos utilizados para a colagem de braquetes ortodônticos. Setentaincisivos bovinos foram montados em troquéis e divididos em setegrupos: I - Transbond XT®+Luz Halógena; II - Fill MagicOrtodôntico®+Luz Halógena; III - Z-250®+Luz Halógena; IV -Transbond XT®+LED; V - Fill Magic Ortodôntico®+LED; VI - Z-250®+LED; VII - Concise Ortodôntico®. Braquetes metálicos foramcolados aos dentes seguindo instruções dos fabricantes das resinas. Apósa colagem, os corpos de prova foram armazenados em água deionizadaem uma estufa à 37ºC por 48 horas quando então foram realizados testesde cisalhamento na máquina EMIC DL30000 com velocidade de1mm/min. Os valores foram avaliados pela análise de variância(ANOVA) ao nível de significância de 5% constatando que, com exceçãodo Grupo II, todos os outros grupos apresentaram valores de resistênciaadesiva acima do mínimo necessário para a colagem de braquetes ortodônticos na prática clínica. Foi evidenciado que o LED e a LuzHalógena são eficazes para fotopolimerizar os materiais adesivosutilizados para a colagem de braquetes (p<0,092), entretanto foiconstatada diferença estatisticamente significante quando a mesma resinafoi fotopolimerizada com luz halógena e LED (p<0,018)
Jungle Justice and Rule of Law in Nigeria: The Implications on Achieving Societal Stability and SDG-16
Authors: Chukwudi Celestina Ekene , Ezebuilo Paul Chibuike , Owa Owa Egbara , Ofuonye Joseph Ndubuisi 
Published: February 2025

Objectives: This study explores the effect of jungle justice on the rule of law and its implications for achieving societal stability and SDG-16.

Theoretical Framework: Systems theory was adopted for the underpinnings of this study. Method: Qualitative descriptive research design method, i.e. secondary data collection, was sourced via textbooks, magazines, journals, official reports, newspapers, and internet materials. Content analysis and Logical Data Framework were adopted to analyse the themes and critical indicators empirically.

Result and Discussion: The study finds out that jungle justice has neglected the rule of law, creating tension and instability in society and limiting the effort towards achieving SDG-16. The study concludes that the high level of crime, injustice and insecurity has birthed the neglect of the rule of law in Nigeria. This study recommends implementing anti-jungle justice policies to revalidate the values of the rule of law towards fostering SDG-16 to achieve a stable society, public education, reorientation and enlightenment, good governance and systemic reform.

Research Implications: This study's policy implications are embedded in the fact that policymakers will be more guided on the best strategies to adhere to and sustain the rule of law for sustainable societal stability.
Transformative Applications of Data Science and Machine Learning: Inno-vations in Healthcare, Entertainment and Personal Finance
Authors: Mallikarjuna Nandi  , Krishna Manam  , E susmitha  , Kavya sri Polampalli  
Published: February 2025

Data science and machine learning have become transformative tools for addressing challenges across diverse domains. This paper presents three projects that leverage these technologies to deliver innovative solutions in healthcare, entertainment, and personal finance. The first project focuses on heart disease prediction, utilizing machine learning algorithms to analyze key medical parameters, provide early diagnostic insights. By enabling timely interventions, this approach has the potential to significantly improve patient outcomes and alleviate the burden on healthcare systems. The second project delves into viewer analytics for the OTT platform Hotstar. Using advanced data analysis techniques, the project identifies patterns in viewer behavior, including preferences, peak viewing times, and genre popularity. These insights can be instrumental in optimizing content recommendations, enhancing user engagement, and driving business growth in the entertainment industry. The third project introduces a smart expense tracker designed to empower individuals in managing their finances. By employing predictive analytics, the tracker not only categorizes expenses but also forecasts future spending patterns, offering personalized budgeting advice and promoting financial well-being. Collectively, these projects demonstrate the versatility and impact of machine learning and data analytics in addressing real-world problems. By applying cutting-edge methodologies to distinct sectors, the work underscores the far-reaching potential of data-driven innovation in shaping a smarter, more efficient future.