bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of cavitation jet on the structural, emulsifying properties and rheological properties of soybean protein‐oxidised aggregates
Authors: Guo Yanan , Li Bailiang , Cheng Tianfu , Hu Zhaodong , Liu Shuangqi , Liu Jun , Sun Fuwei , Guo Zengwang , Wang Zhongjiang 
Published: May 2022

SummaryThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of cavitation jets on the structural, emulsifying and rheological properties of soybean protein oxidation aggregates. The results showed that oxidation might induce the formation of larger particle sizes and molecular weight protein aggregates and the decrease of emulsifying properties. The cavitation jet at a short treatment time (<6 min) broke down the disulphide bonds and protein skeleton structures, which reduced the aggregate sizes and molecular weights and increased the emulsion activities, emulsion stabilities, apparent viscosity and elastic modulus. The cavitation jet at a long treatment time (>6 min) supported disulphide bond formation among molecules by intermolecular interactions to form protein aggregates. In addition, the skeleton structure showed cross‐linking aggregation. This increased the particle sizes and molecular weights and reduced the emulsion properties, consistency index K and elastic modulus. The findings showed that a cavitation jet at 6 min on oxidised aggregates of soybean protein might enhance the structural, emulsifying and rheological characteristics for the industry.
Isolation of antimicrobial compounds from aniseed and techno‐economic feasibility report for industrial‐scale application
Authors: Bontzolis Christos , Plioni Iris , Dimitrellou Dimitra , Boura Konstantina , Kanellaki Maria , Nigam Poonam S. , Koutinas Athanasios 
Published: May 2022

SummaryThis work evaluates the antimicrobial activity of the fractionated aqueous extract obtained from the aerial parts of aniseed. Fifteen fractions were collected by column chromatography using ethanol and water as mobile phases. All fractions were tested as potential antimicrobial agents against three common food‐spoilage microorganisms: a yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), a mold (Aspergillus awamori) and a bacterium (Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus). Fraction 2 exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity in both types of susceptibility test, and therefore, it was further studied for the identification of bioactive compounds. GC‐MS analysis of Fraction 2 revealed the presence of threo‐Anethole glycol. Based on laboratory‐scale experiments, a process flowsheet for potential industrial‐scale application is proposed combined with a techno‐economic feasibility report. Fraction 2 with the detected compound threo‐Anethole glycol showed promising results encouraging the attempts for industrial‐scale application of antimicrobial compounds produced from aniseed.
Effects of drying methods on colour, amino acids, phenolic profile, microstructure and volatile aroma components of Boletus aereus slices
Authors: Zheng Qiaoran , Gao Pingping , Liu Tingting , Gao Xiaoxv , Li Wenfeng , Zhao Guohua 
Published: May 2022

SummaryThis study is to investigate the effects of hot air drying (HD) at 60–80 °C (HD‐60, HD‐70 and HD‐80), microwave pretreatment combined with HD (MHD), ultrasound pretreatment combined with HD (UHD) and vacuum freeze drying (FD) on the quality of Boletus aereus slices. Key characteristics, including colour, free amino acids, microstructure, volatile aroma components, phenolic profile and antioxidant activity, were studied. Amongst these drying methods, FD was the best way to preserve colour and volatiles of Boletus aereus slices. Fifteen amino acids were detected in Boletus aereus slices, and HD‐60 showed a higher content of total amino acids than other drying regimes. Two phenolic acids were identified in Boletus aereus slices, namely, protocatechuic acid and p‐hydroxybenzoic acid. MHD presented the highest content of phenolic compounds, followed by FD. Antioxidant capacity was positively correlated with phenolic compounds of Boletus aereus slices. Moreover, the cell structure of Boletus aereus slices was damaged after drying, and FD had a more porous structure than other drying methods. These results will be beneficial to the further industrial production of Boletus aereus slices.
A single‐structured LuAG:Ce,Mn phosphor ceramics with high CRI for high‐power white LEDs
Authors: Ling Junrong , Zhang Ye , Yang Jian , Li Yanan , Xu Wentao , Zhou Youfu , Hong Maochun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe realization of high color rendering index (CRI) is still a great challenge for high‐power LEDs (hp‐LEDs), which is hindered by the phosphor converter. In this work, based on the strategy of Ce3+ and Mn2+ multi‐ion substitution, the single‐structured LuAG:Ce,Mn ceramics with high CRI were prepared via regulating the ratio of tri‐color (red, green, and blue) components. The effects of Mn2+‐Si4+ pairs doping content on the crystal structure, morphologies, and luminescence properties were investigated in detail. The red emission centered at 590 and 750 nm were effectively compensated by regulating Mn2+ occupancy sites, resulting in a significant improvement of CRI. Pure white light with general CRI Ra up to 91.0, special CRI R9 reaching 37.9 and LE as high as 85.07 lm/W was achieved, when the hp‐LEDs were constructed from related phosphor ceramic Ce02Mn7. These results suggest that the LuAG:Ce,Mn phosphor ceramics are highly promising color converters for hp‐LEDs application.
Single‐cell transcriptional profiling of human carotid plaques reveals a subpopulation of endothelial cells associated with stroke incidences
Authors: Li Fengchan , Du Yun , Hong Lei , Liu Ziting , Yan Kunmin , Liu Chu , Zhu Zhen , Lu Qiongyu , Tang Chaojun , Zhu Li 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe differences in plaque histology between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients have been widely accepted. Whether there is a heterogeneity of cells between symptomatic and asymptomatic plaques remains largely unclear. To reveal the potential heterogeneity within different plaques, which may contribute to different stroke incidences, we obtained the scRNA‐seq data from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients and identified eight cell types present in plaques. Further analysis of endothelial cells (ECs) revealed three distinct EC subpopulations appeared to be endowed with specific biological functions such as antigen processing and presentation, cell adhesion, and smooth muscle cell proliferation. Of note, the differentially expressed genes of the EC 2 subpopulation showed that the genes involved in cell adhesion were up‐regulated in asymptomatic plaques compared to symptomatic plaques. Integrating the data of intraplaque haemorrhage and plaque stability, the 5th top‐enriched biological process was cell adhesion in the stable or non‐haemorrhaged plaques compared to unstable plaques or haemorrhaged plaques. Among these cell adhesion‐related genes, the intersection gene AOC3 may play a vital role in plaque haemorrhage and plaque stability. Targeting cell adhesion and the specialized genes may provide potential new therapeutic directions to prevent asymptomatic patients from stroke.
Political regimes matter: Participation practices in the context of a competitive oligarchic policymaking in water management in Duque de Caxias, Brazil, 2007–2017
Authors: Massardier Gilles 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article covers all types of participation in water policy processes in the city of Duque de Caxias in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Even though open opposition to the government is legally permitted since Brazil's democratization process, barriers remain for activist leaders to formulate and signify their preferences toward the government. The current literature on direct participation practices in policy processes tends to leave out political regime variables. This case study aims to show that, in fact, political regime variables are crucial. The article reintroduces participation practices in power dynamics in local water policymaking, building a model based on competitive oligarchy, multilevel policy coalitions, and political capacity literature. It argues that the political regime matters in understanding participation practices and that, despite legal democratization that opened rights to organize opposition and participation in Brazil in 2007, local activist leaders are restrained by a particular kind of oligarchy—an oligarchic technical–political–productivist policy coalition that “owns” policy through direct participation in the political process. This case study shows that four decades after the policy shift in the 1980s, in some territories and sectors Brazilian democracy may be on the pathway of competitive oligarchy—very open to opposition rights, but still closed to the participation of this opposition in policy and decision‐making processes.
Liver growth prediction in ALPPS – A multicenter analysis from the international ALPPS registry
Authors: Lopez‐Lopez Victor , Linecker Michael , Cruz Juan , Brusadin Roberto , Lopez‐Conesa Asuncion , Machado Marcel Autran , Hernandez‐Alejandro Roberto , Voskanyan Alejandro Sergey , Li Jun , Balci Deniz , Adam René , Ardiles Victoria , De Santibañes Eduardo , Tomassini Federico , Troisi Roberto I. , Lurje Georg , Truant Stéphanie , Pruvot Francois‐René , Björnsson Bergthor , Stojanovic Miroslav , Montalti Roberto , Cayuela Valentin , Kozyrin Ivan , Cai Xiujun , de Vicente Emilio , Rauchfuss Falk , Lodge Peter , Ratti Francesca , Aldrighetti Luca , Oldhafer Karl J. , Malago Massimo , Petrowsky Henrik , Clavien Pierre‐Alain , Robles‐Campos Ricardo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile ALPPS triggers a fast liver hypertrophy, it is still unclear which factors matter most to achieve accelerated hypertrophy within a short period of time. The aim of the study was to identify patient‐intrinsic factors related to the growth of the future liver remnant (FLR).MethodsThis cohort study is composed of data derived from the International ALPPS Registry from November 2011 and October 2018. We analyse the influence of demographic, tumour type and perioperative data on the growth of the FLR. The volume of the FLR was calculated in millilitre and percentage using computed‐tomography (CT) scans before and after stage 1, both according to Vauthey formula.ResultsA total of 734 patients were included from 99 centres. The median sFLR at stage 1 and stage 2 was 0.23 (IQR, 0.18–0.28) and 0.39 (IQR: 0.31–0.46), respectively. The variables associated with a lower increase from sFLR1 to sFLR2 were age˃68 years (p = .02), height ˃1.76 m (p ˂ .01), weight ˃83 kg (p ˂ .01), BMI˃28 (p ˂ .01), male gender (p ˂ .01), antihypertensive therapy (p ˂ .01), operation time ˃370 minutes (p ˂ .01) and hospital stay˃14 days (p ˂ .01). The time required to reach sufficient volume for stage 2, male gender accounts 40.3% in group ˂7 days, compared with 50% of female, and female present 15.3% in group ˃14 days compared with 20.6% of male.ConclusionsHeight, weight, FLR size and gender could be the variables that most constantly influence both daily growths, the interstage increase and the standardized FLR before the second stage.
The Politics of Trauma: Gender, Futurity, and Violence Prevention in South Africa
Authors: Pentecost Michelle 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this article, I consider the framing of trauma as an epigenetic exposure that warrants intergenerational interventions. I draw on ethnographic research conducted in Khayelitsha, Cape Town, South Africa in 2014–15 to illustrate how violence prevention in this context is increasingly framed in epigenetic terms. I show that, in contrast to the anticipatory logic of a programmatic focus on maternal investment as a means to arrest intergenerational cycles of violence, violence produces different infrastructures of anticipation and effects on intergenerational relations. I argue against the speculative conflation of trauma and intergenerational epigenetics, to resist a newly biologized view of the bodily manifestations of apartheid history—in itself a re‐inscription of damage, and a form of violence. Drawing on Murphy's concept of distributed reproduction (2017b), I argue for collectivized forms of intervention that aim for accountability and social justice.
Latent class analysis does not support the existence of Rome IV functional bowel disorders as discrete entities
Authors: Black Christopher J. , Houghton Lesley A. , Ford Alexander C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPreviously, we used latent class analysis (LCA) to identify novel subgroups in people with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). There are four other functional bowel disorders that, although characterized as discrete disorders, overlap considerably with, and fluctuate to, IBS. These might instead be conceptualized as a milder form of IBS. We explored this hypothesis using LCA in a cohort of people with non‐IBS functional bowel disorders.MethodsWe collected demographic, symptom, and psychological health data from 1375 adults in the community who self‐identified as having IBS and identified individuals meeting Rome IV criteria for any non‐IBS functional bowel disorder. We performed LCA to identify specific subgroups (clusters). We followed participants up at 12 months to reassess gastrointestinal and psychological heath and also gather data about healthcare utilization and impact of symptoms.Key results811 people met Rome IV criteria for IBS and 558 Rome IV criteria for another functional bowel disorder (76 (5.5%) functional constipation; 198 (14.5%) functional diarrhea; 129 (9.5%) functional abdominal bloating or distension; and 155 (11.4%) unspecified functional bowel disorder). LCA in these 558 people identified five clusters defined by a combination of gastrointestinal symptoms and the extent of psychological co‐morbidity. However, correlation between these clusters and the Rome IV functional bowel disorder diagnoses was poor and 75% of people were classified as having mild IBS using our previous IBS‐derived model. By 12 months, one‐third of people had fluctuated and met criteria for IBS. Clusters with high psychological burden had a poorer prognosis, with higher rates of medical consultation, medication use, and greater impact of symptoms on daily life.Conclusions and inferencesThe functional bowel disorders may be better characterized as a spectrum of IBS rather than separate disorders. Adopting this pragmatic stance may help to simply diagnosis, treatment, and recruitment of patients to research trials.
“Let's organize”: The organizational basis for stable public governance
Authors: Trondal Jarle 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study carries two distinct contributions to extant literature. Theoretically, it introduces an organizational approach to the study of public governance. Empirically, it demonstrates how the organizational architecture of government represents a stable and systemic capacity for public governance across time. The study establishes how stability serves as an enduring feature of public governance and how this is anchored in the organizational architecture of government systems. Moreover, structured flexibility is illustrated by how the civil service adapts to both international organizations and societal stakeholders. Theorizing the organizational dimension of public governance, this study also introduces a design tool that may be useful for deliberately (re)structuring public governance. Empirically, these arguments are probed by a sizable dataset with 13,173 observations across 40 years, consisting of nine surveys of civil servants at ministry and agency levels. The data enables a long‐term perspective on government civil servants over nearly half a century, thus allowing for a comprehensive study of the organizational basis for public governance.
Why do public agencies seek accountability? The role of audiences
Authors: de Boer Thijs 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAccountability‐seeking behaviors of public agencies are said to be motivated, among others, by attempts at pre‐empting stricter mandatory provisions, logic of appropriateness motives, Machiavellian opportunism, reputational considerations, and a perceived need to compensate for the inadequacy of traditional arrangements. However, we do not know when a particular rationale, or a combination thereof, prevails. This study therefore examines how public agencies seek accountability, to whom and for what reason. Relying on data from 15 interviews with top‐level managers/directors and 75 survey responses, it demonstrates that the type of audience to whom the account is rendered is a key explanatory factor as to why specific mechanisms become “activated.” This study furthermore uncovers why certain rationales are associated with specific types of audiences. Thus, rather than a “holy grail” of one set of driving motivations, our study suggests, one should look at the audience to understand why a public agency seeks accountability.
The MdBBX22–miR858–MdMYB9/11/12 module regulates proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in apple peel
Authors: Zhang Bo , Yang Hui‐Juan , Qu Dong , Zhu Zhen‐Zhen , Yang Ya‐Zhou , Zhao Zheng‐Yang 
Published: May 2022

SummaryProanthocyanidins (PAs) have antioxidant properties and are beneficial to human health. The fruit of apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.), especially the peel, is rich in various flavonoids, such as PAs, and thus is an important source of dietary antioxidants. Previous research on the regulation of PAs in apple has mainly focussed on the transcription level, whereas studies conducted at the post‐transcriptional level are relatively rare. In this study, we investigated the function of mdm‐miR858, a miRNA with multiple functions in plant development, in the peel of apple fruit. We showed that mdm‐miR858 negatively regulated PA accumulation by targeting MdMYB9/11/12 in the peel. During fruit development, mdm‐miR858 expression was negatively correlated with MdMYB9/11/12 expression and PA accumulation. A 5′‐RACE experiment, GUS staining assays and transient luminescent assays indicated that mdm‐miR858 cleaved and inhibited the expression of MdMYB9/11/12. Overexpression of mdm‐miR858 in apple calli, tobacco and Arabidopsis reduced the accumulation of PAs induced by overexpression of MdMYB9/11/12. Furthermore, we found that MdBBX22 bound to the mdm‐miR858 promoter and induced its expression. Overexpression of MdBBX22 induced the expression of mdm‐miR858 to inhibit the accumulation of PAs in apple calli overexpressing MdMYB9/11/12. Under light stress, MdBBX22 induced mdm‐miR858 expression to inhibit PA accumulation and thereby indirectly enhanced anthocyanin synthesis in the peel. The present results revealed that the MdBBX22–miR858–MdMYB9/11/12 module regulates PA accumulation in apple. The findings provide a reference for further studies of the regulatory mechanism of PA accumulation and the relationship between PAs and anthocyanins.
Impact of catch‐up vaccinations on anti‐HLA antibody response in pediatric kidney transplant candidates
Authors: Sweiss Helen , Lyons John Michael , Hitchman Kelley M. K. , Kincaide Elisabeth Lapp , Hall Reed , Ranch Daniel , Crowther Barrett 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundEfforts have been concentrated on improving vaccination administration during the pretransplant evaluation period. However, concern for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) sensitization subsequent to vaccination exists.MethodsA retrospective review of pediatric kidney transplant candidates (PKTCs) ≤18 years old who had received vaccinations between February 1, 2017 and November 30, 2019 was conducted. Emergence of de novo anti‐HLA antibody (HLA‐Ab) 3–4 weeks postvaccinations detected by the Luminex single antigen bead assay (SAB) was evaluated. Outcomes assessed included change in the HLA‐Ab mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) ≥25% from baseline, and change in preexisting HLA‐Ab MFI strength, categorized as weak: 1000–2999; moderate: 3000–9999; and strong: ≥10 000.ResultsSixty vaccinations were administered to 14 patients. Forty‐one potential de novo HLA‐Ab were detected in five patients. After additional antibody panel testing, 5/41 potential de novo HLA‐Ab were determined to be HLA specific; the remaining 36 were deemed nonspecific. The 5 de novo HLA‐Ab were observed in three patients and were deemed weak antibody (Ab). Median MFI showed a significant increase for nonspecific Ab, but not de novo HLA‐Ab. Median MFI values were deemed transient at 7–10 week follow‐up. No HLA‐donor–specific Ab developed posttransplant in the patients who developed de novo HLA‐Ab.ConclusionVaccination resulted in a transient increase in non‐HLA–specific Ab. The majority of responses were non‐HLA specific, hypothesized to be related to denatured antigens on single antigen beads. These data suggest limited clinical impact of vaccinations on the emergence of de novo HLA‐Ab.
Ideological and partisan biases in ratings of candidate quality in U.S. House elections
Authors: Martin Danielle Joesten 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis article explores whether voters evaluate candidates’ ideology, partisanship, and quality independently or exhibit behavior consistent with motivating reasoning, rating co‐partisans and candidates ideologically similar to themselves as more competent.MethodsUsing a survey of voters and experts from 2010 U.S. House elections, I estimate a model predicting an individual's rating of incumbent candidate competence for office and challenger candidate competence for office.ResultsIndividuals ideologically distant from a candidate rate the candidate as less competent, yet rate co‐partisan candidates as more competent. For incumbents, opposing partisanship amplifies the negative effect of ideological distance on candidate quality ratings, and shared partisanship mitigates the negative effect of ideological distance.ConclusionOnly incumbents rated as the most competent can overcome the ideological and partisan biases of voters. Consistent with theories of affective polarization, these results imply that polarization runs deeper than partisan or ideological differences–it is personal.
Predicting return to racing after repair of fractures of the metacarpal/metatarsal condyles in Thoroughbred racehorses
Authors: Young Natalie , Corletto Federico , Wright Ian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo identify prognostic factors for return to racing after lag screw repair of condylar fractures and develop a predictive model for return to racing.Study designRetrospective cohort study.AnimalsA total of 356 horses referred to a single referral hospital in the UK with a third metacarpal/metatarsal condylar fracture between January 1999 and December 2018.MethodsAge, sex, fracture site, fracture characteristics, surgery related variables and complications were retrieved from case records. Data were divided into two sets for model training and model validation. Univariable analyses were performed, and predictors were selected in a stepwise fashion for inclusion in the multivariable logistic regression model. Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated using the second dataset.ResultsOlder horses, fillies, fractures of forelimbs, complex, complete, displaced or propagating fractures and concurrent proximal sesamoid bone fracture were negatively associated with return to racing. Colts and geldings were 3 and 4 times more likely to race than fillies, respectively. Horses with hindlimb, incomplete or nonpropagating fractures were 4, 5 and 4 times more likely to race than those with a forelimb, complete or propagating fracture, respectively. Using a predicted probability cut‐off threshold of 0.5, a predictive model was created within one dataset (sensitivity = 84%, specificity = 50.5%) and applied to another (sensitivity = 83.1%, specificity = 24.0%).ConclusionNegative prognostic factors were identified and led to a predictive model with acceptable sensitivity and specificity in the tested population.Clinical significanceThe results provide proof of concept for the model in the reported population and justify further validation in different populations of horses.