bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The anti-corrosion performance of reinforcement behaviour of silica from different sources in bio-based paints
Authors: Eken Mustafa 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The aim of this study is to investigate the usability of horsetail, sunflower stalk, wheat stalk and corn stalk ashes as additives in paints and their performance against corrosion resistance when used.

Design/methodology/approach
The ashes of horsetail, sunflower stalk, wheat stalk and corn stalk were investigated in this study in single, binary and ternary combinations with three different percentages as additives in paints. Samples of concrete with any combinations of ashes resisted against the corrosion of steel reinforcements, but horsetail ash proved to be the most effective.

Findings
It can be said that these research results show that the paint containing horsetail ash is an excellent coating material that can be used in paints for the corrosion resistance of steel in reinforced concrete. The corrosion rate decreased with the increase in the amount of reactive SiO2. There was less mass loss with the formation of resistance against corrosion in the horsetail ash added concretes. That is why horsetail ash is one of the most effective options for the aforementioned purpose.

Originality/value
Being cheap and easily obtainable, the materials used for coating in this study are perfect candidates for industrial use.
A case study on enabling metrology in Africa with additive manufacturing
Authors: Greeff Gabriel Pieter 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This case study aims to investigate how locally additively manufactured functional parts can make African metrology institutes more sustainable and independent. These institutes provide calibration services, which links the measurement units to industrial and everyday measurements. This traceability is critical to overcome technical barriers to trade and industrialisation. Most African countries have such a designated institute that requires advanced scientific instrumentation. These instruments are custom-built for a specific application, hard to procure or sometimes obsolete. Servicing these instruments or obtaining spare parts are also difficult. The purpose aims to evaluate if three-dimensional (3D) printing can significantly improve this situation, by providing six institutes with a 3D printer and training.

Design/methodology/approach
Therefore, a 3D printer pilot project was launched, involving six African metrology institutes, with the aim of developing the basic manufacturing capabilities of these institutes so that they can produce functional parts. The project included training on both digital part modelling and 3D printer usage. This case study reviews the technology selection method, project risks, needs, challenges and results, with the aid of research questions.

Findings
The results of the project illustrate how additive manufacturing (AM) has started to enable metrology in Africa and how it can be expanded to the general scientific endeavour on the continent.

Social implications
The success of this project can be used to motivate the further adoption of AM in African National Metrology Institutes, as well as other scientific institutes.

Originality/value
The project is the first AM project of its kind for African National Metrology Institutes.
Engaged and/or burnt out? Finnish and South African doctoral students’ experiences
Authors: Pyhältö Kirsi , Peltonen Jouni , Anttila Henrika , Frick Liezel Liezel , de Jager Phillip 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
Doctoral students’ ill-being in terms of stress, exhaustion and high levels of mental health problems has been well documented. Yet, the well-being of doctoral students is more than the absence of these negative symptoms. The number of studies exploring the combination of positive and negative attributes of doctoral students’ well-being is limited. Therefore, this study aims to focus on exploring individual variation in doctoral students’ experienced engagement and burnout across two distinct socio-cultural contexts in Finland and in South Africa.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 884 doctoral students from Finland (n = 391) and South Africa (n = 493) responded to the cross-cultural Doctoral Experience Survey. The data were quantitatively analyzed.

Findings
Altogether four distinctive engagement–burnout profiles were detected, including engaged, engaged–exhausted, moderately engaged–burnout and burnout profiles. Differences between the Finnish and South African students were identified in profile emphasis. The profiles were also related to several study progress attributes such as drop-out intentions, time-to-candidacy and satisfaction with study.

Originality/value
This study provides new understanding on doctoral students’ well-being by focusing on both positive and negative attributes and exploring doctoral students’ discrepant profiles with a cross-country design.
A decision support system to evaluate the quality and warranty policies for remanufactured products
Authors: Kuik Swee , Ban Joowon , Diong Li , Qi Xiaolie 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThis paper proposes optimisation models to evaluate and examine the selling of extended warranty policies in terms of improved profits in producing/marketing remanufactured products. These models are numerically solved using a quadratic programming solution approach and implemented in the decision support system (DSS).Design/methodology/approachThe purpose of this paper is to develop the optimisation models for a DSS and evaluate different warranty policies for buyers.FindingsThis study has demonstrated the flexibility and usefulness of a model-driven DSS for the quality and warranty management, which is applied to examine and evaluate different configurations (i.e. component reuse, rebuild and recycle) for remanufactured products and propose the selling of extended warranty policies for buyers.Research limitations/implicationsThe developed model-driven DSS can assist manufacturers to select and increase the number of components, e.g. to be reused, rebuilt, and recycled for producing a remanufactured product and propose suitable warranty policies for buyers. However, this study focusses only on the evaluation of warranty policies for specific remanufactured products in a DSS, i.e. types of air compressors for production operations in manufacturing industry.Originality/valueThis study developed optimisation models to be used in a DSS for proposing the selling of extended warranty of a remanufactured product to improve customer satisfaction and maximise the gained profits for manufacturers.
Anisotropy and fracture analysis for coalbed methane reservoir development in Bokaro coalfield, India
Authors: Banerjee Abir , Chatterjee Rima , Singha Dip Kumar 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTThe low permeability of coal seams is a constraint in the efficient production of coalbed methane. However, the presence of natural fractures in coal enhances the permeability, and prior knowledge of sub‐surface fractures in coal seams is vital to identify the prospective seam. This paper investigates the anisotropy and identifies fractures by processing the advanced sonic and resistivity image logs to mitigate challenges in the reservoir. Anisotropy is estimated from the difference in the travel time between fast and slow shear waves. The application of Alford's rotation technique determines the fast shear wave polarization angle which is consistent with the fracture orientation along the NE–SW or NW–SE direction in coal seams. Moreover, the crossover of fast and slow shear waves in the slowness versus frequency plot indicates stress‐induced anisotropy that originates from fractures. Besides, drilling‐induced fractures observed along NE–SW in the resistivity image log indicate the maximum horizontal stress direction. Results from this study compare coal seams based on fractures in adopting better operational activities for optimized production and future geomechanical studies in the Bokaro coalfield situated in India.
Interpretation of gut microbiota data in the ‘eye of the beholder’: A commentary and re‐evaluation of data from ‘Impacts of radiation exposure on the bacterial and fungal microbiome of small mammals in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone’
Authors: Watts Phillip C. , Mappes Tapio , Tukalenko Eugene , Mousseau Timothy A. , Boratyński Zbyszek , Møller Anders P. , Lavrinienko Anton 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Evidence that exposure to environmental pollutants can alter the gut microbiota composition of wildlife includes studies of rodents exposed to radionuclides.

Antwis et al. (2021) used amplicon sequencing to characterise the gut microbiota of four species of rodent (Myodes glareolus, Apodemus agrarius, A. flavicollis and A. sylvaticus) inhabiting the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ) to examine possible changes in gut bacteria (microbiota) and gut fungi (mycobiota) associated with exposure to radionuclides and whether the sample type (from caecum or faeces) affected the analysis.

The conclusions derived from the analyses of gut mycobiota are based on data that represent a mixture of ingested fungi (e.g. edible macrofungi, polypores, lichens and ectomycorrhizae) and gut mycobiota (e.g. microfungi and yeasts), which mask the patterns of inter‐ and intraspecific variation in the authentic gut mycobiota.

Implying that ‘faecal samples are not an accurate indicator of gut composition’ creates an unnecessary controversy about faecal sampling because the comparison of samples from the caecum and faeces confounds many other possible drivers (including different animals from different locations, sampled in different years) of variation in gut microbiota.

It is relevant also that Antwis et al.'s (2021) data lack statistical power to detect an effect of exposure to radionuclides on the gut microbiota because (1) all of their samples of Apodemus mice had experienced a medium or high total absorbed dose rate and (2) they did not collect samples of bank voles (M. glareolus) from replicate contaminated and uncontaminated locations.

Discussion of Antwis et al.'s (2021) analysis, especially the claims presented in the Abstract, is important to prevent controversy about the outcome of research on the biological impacts of wildlife inhabiting the CEZ.
Bacterioplankton communities reveal horizontal and vertical influence of an Island Mass Effect
Authors: Comstock Jacqueline , Nelson Craig E. , James Anna , Wear Emma , Baetge Nicholas , Remple Kristina , Juknavorian Amethyst , Carlson Craig A. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryCoral reefs are highly productive ecosystems with distinct biogeochemistry and biology nestled within unproductive oligotrophic gyres. Coral reef islands have often been associated with a nearshore enhancement in phytoplankton, a phenomenon known as the Island Mass Effect (IME). Despite being documented more than 60 years ago, much remains unknown about the extent and drivers of IMEs. Here we utilized 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding as a biological tracer to elucidate horizontal and vertical influence of an IME around the islands of Mo′orea and Tahiti, French Polynesia. We show that those nearshore oceanic stations with elevated chlorophyll a included bacterioplankton found in high abundance in the reef environment, suggesting advection of reef water is the source of altered nearshore biogeochemistry. We also observed communities in the nearshore deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) with enhanced abundances of upper euphotic bacterioplankton that correlated with intrusions of low‐density, O2 rich water, suggesting island influence extends into the DCM.
Gender and Access to Finance: Perceived Constraints of Majority‐Female‐owned Indian Firms
Authors: Dutta Nabamita , Mallick Sushanta 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDo firms with majority female ownership differ from firms with minority female ownership or male‐owned firms in terms of perceived constraints on accessing finance? Using World Bank Enterprise Survey (WBES) data for Indian firms, our results show that there is no significant difference in male‐ and female‐owned firms in terms of their perceptions about accessing finance. Yet, this is true only for firms with minority female ownership (less than 50%). Firms with majority female ownership do perceive more constraints on accessing finance relative to firms with minority female ownership or zero female ownership. Based on demand‐ and supply‐side factors relating to business inexperience, weaker networking, and lender perceptions, as suggested by signalling and gender congruity theories, the results imply that majority‐female‐owned firms need to negotiate more for financing access, as they need to display positive signals for those investors who might possess stereotypical and gendered beliefs about the abilities of entrepreneurs. We also find that in relation to funding sources being one's own retained earnings or money from family and friends or advances from clients, majority‐female‐owned firms do not perceive financial barriers differently from male‐owned firms or firms with minority female ownership.
The sociology of rationing: Towards increased interdisciplinary dialogue ‐ A critical interpretive literature review
Authors: Martinus Hauge Amalie , Otto Eva Iris , Wadmann Sarah 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSince the 1990s, the sociology of rationing has developed in explicit opposition to health economic and bioethical approaches to healthcare rationing. This implies a limited engagement with other disciplines and a limited impact on political debates. To bring the sociology of rationing into an interdisciplinary dialogue, it is important to understand the disciplines' analytical differences and similarities. Based on a critical interpretive literature synthesis, this article examines four disciplinary perspectives on healthcare rationing and priority setting: (1) Health economics, which seeks to develop decision models to provide for more rational resource allocation; (2) Bioethics, which seeks to develop normative principles and procedures to facilitate a just allocation of resources; (3) Health policy studies, which focus on issues of legitimacy and implementation of decision models; and lastly (4) Sociology, which analyses the uncertainty of rationing and the resulting value conflicts and negotiations. The article provides an analytical overview and suggestions on how to advance the impact of sociological arguments in future rationing debates: Firstly, we discuss how to develop the concepts and assumptions of the sociology of rationing. Secondly, we identify specific themes relevant for sociological inquiry, including the recurring problem of how to translate administrative priority setting decisions into clinical practice.
How moderates make boundaries after protracted conflict. Everyday universalists, agonists, transformists and cosmopolitans in contemporary Northern Ireland
Authors: Todd Jennifer , Curristan Sarah , Dornschneider‐Elkink Stephanie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article explores how boundary making proceeds after protracted conflict has ended. Drawing on an interview and focus group study in two local areas in Northern Ireland, we identify the diverse forms of everyday boundary work amongst moderates who distance from the ethno‐political blocs: everyday universalism, agonism, transformation and cosmopolitanism. Each overcomes closed exclusivist boundaries and identity oppositions, thus providing a clear contrast with the overt political contention and polarization that has followed Brexit in Northern Ireland. Our research shows the internal shape and diversity of the moderate constituency who support peace‐building and a less‐polarized politics. It also offers an answer to the question how such everyday openness coexists with continued political polarization. We trace the different political perspectives associated with each form of boundary making and argue that this hinders political cohesion amongst moderates.
Effect of three different remineralizing agents on artificial erosive lesions of primary teeth
Authors: Üstün N , Güven Y 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the efficacy of three remineralizing agents on dental erosion in primary teeth.MethodsForty primary molars were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 each): self‐assembling peptide (P11–4), casein phosphopeptide‐amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate (CPP‐ACFP), sodium fluoride (NaF) and artificial saliva (AS; control). The erosion‐like formation was created by immersing the samples in citric acid (4 × 2 min, pH 2.3) and AS (4 × 2 h, pH 7). The eroded samples were then treated with remineralizing agents and subjected to further erosion consisting of 15 cycles (3x/8‐h interval) of immersion in citric acid and AS for 6 s each. Alterations in the mineral content and morphology of the samples were quantified using a microhardness tester and atomic force microscope.ResultsAll agents had a significant remineralization effect on eroded primary tooth enamel. After further erosive challenge, enamel loss in the CPP‐ACFP group was found to be significantly lower than in all other groups, and no significant difference was found between the P11–4and NaF groups.ConclusionsThis study showed that all tested materials had remineralization ability, and CPP‐ACFP had a superior effect in inhibiting enamel loss due to dental erosion in primary teeth. © 2022 Australian Dental Association.
Taxane‐induced neuropathy: How serious is this problem for patients with early breast cancer?
Authors: Nicolae Robert , Uccellini Anthony , Siderov Jim , Mellerick Angela , Wong Vanessa , Yeo Belinda 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTaxanes form the mainstay of breast cancer therapy in the curative setting. Taxane‐induced peripheral neuropathy (TIPN) is a common toxicity and confers significant morbidity with no validated therapies. Literature detailing TIPN is inconsistent in reporting its frequency, severity, risk factors, impact upon treatment course, and management practices.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed including 348 early‐stage breast cancer patients undergoing weekly paclitaxel therapy between 2010 and 2020 in the adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting. The frequency, severity, and impact on treatment from TIPN were analyzed during treatment and at one year follow‐up. Clinicopathological and patient factors were collected to identify potential risk factors.Results279 out of 348 patients (80.2%) developed TIPN of any grade. One‐year follow‐up was available for 232 of the original 279 TIPN patients (83.2%). Of these, 52 patients (22.4%) exhibited persisting TIPN of any grade. The presence and severity of TIPN during treatment was significantly associated with a lower median dose intensity (100% versus 82.5% for non‐TIPN and all‐grade TIPN respectively, p < 0.001). Neoadjuvant treatment (p = 0.038) and body surface area (BSA, p = 0.035) were independently associated with TIPN during treatment. Increased age (p < .001) and pre‐treatment diabetes (p = 0.009) were associated with TIPN at one‐year follow‐up.ConclusionTIPN is common in breast cancer patients undergoing weekly paclitaxel therapy. TIPN results in patients receiving significantly lower dose intensity due to dose reductions and premature treatment cessation. Future prospective studies in similar cohorts are warranted, with a focus on long‐term outcomes.
Factors associated with cesarean birth in nulliparous women: A multicenter prospective cohort study
Authors: Panda Sunita , Begley Cecily , Corcoran Paul , Daly Deirdre 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is widespread concern around the rising rates of cesarean births (CBs), especially among first‐time mothers, despite evidence suggesting increased morbidities after birth by cesarean. There are uncertainties around factors associated with rising rates of CBs among first‐time mothers in Ireland, and insight into these is essential for understanding the rising trend in CBs. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the factors associated with CBs in nulliparous women.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted in three maternity hospitals in the Republic of Ireland between 2012 and 2017. Data were collected from 3047 nulliparous women using self‐administered surveys antenatally and at 3 months postpartum and from consenting women’s hospital records (n = 2755) and analyzed using the Poisson regression to assess associations between demographic and clinical factors and the main outcome measures, planned and unplanned CBs.ResultsCommon risk factors for planned and unplanned CBs were being aged ≥40 years, being in private care, multiple pregnancy, and fetus in breech or other malpresentations. An unplanned CB occurred for 22.43% (n = 377/1681) of women who did not have induction of labor (IOL) or who had IOL with no epidural, but the risk was about twice as high for women who had IOL and epidural.ConclusionsFindings confirm multifactorial reasons for CB and the challenge of reversing the increasing CB rate if maternal age, overweight/obesity, infertility treatment, multiple pregnancy, and preexisting hypertension in Ireland continue to increase. There is a need to address prelabor interventions, especially IOL combined with epidural analgesia with respect to unplanned CB.
Effects of treatment with methimazole on circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells positive for programed cell death protein‐1 and on subsets of CD4+ T cells in untreated hyperthyroid patients with Graves' disease
Authors: Hirao Nanako , Iijima Toshie , Tanuma Dai , Ohira Eriko , Kurai Hidetaka , Shinzawa Toshimitsu , Kase Masato , Sakurai Shintaro , Tomaru Takuya , Jojima Teruo , Usui Isao , Aso Yoshimasa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe investigated longitudinal changes in circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells positive for programed cell death protein‐1 (PD‐1) and in other subsets of CD4+ T cells in untreated hyperthyroid patients with Graves' disease after treatment with methimazole (MMI).Design and PatientsThe study included 18 untreated hyperthyroid patients with Graves' disease and 18 age‐matched controls. Before and after 12‐week treatment with MMI, we used flow cytometry to measure circulating PD‐1+ D4+ and PD‐1+ CD8+ T cells and subsets of CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood, as well as serum levels of chemokines related to T‐helper type 1 (Th‐1) and Th‐2 cells.ResultsAt baseline, the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing PD‐1 was significantly higher in patients than in age‐matched controls. Serum levels of chemokines related to Th‐1 and Th‐2 also were higher in patients. Twelve weeks after initiation of MMI, the percentage of CD4+ T cells expressing PD‐1 was significantly lower than at baseline, but no such change was seen in CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, the percentage of Th‐1 cells among CD4+ T cells and the serum levels of soluble CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase‐4, a surface marker of Th‐1 cells, also were significantly lower than at baseline.ConclusionsThe expression of PD‐1 on circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells is increased in hyperthyroid patients with active Graves' disease. MMI significantly decreases levels of circulating PD‐1+ CD4+ T cells, suggesting that PD‐1+ T lymphocytes may be associated with the pathogenesis of Graves' disease.