bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A critical review on the influence of humidity for plant growth forecasting
Authors: Chia S Y , Lim M W 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Relative humidity of ambient air is a critical parameter for crop production as it influences the water balance and photosynthesis process in the plants. A comprehensive review on leafy, fruiting, flowering plants and grains were conducted to determine the effects of varying humidity levels on plant growth. Data from published works concluded that the plant growth improved with increasing humidity, as higher humidity conditions help to keep the stomata open to maintain the photosynthesis process and minimize evaporation process of the plants. By using regression analysis, it is forecasted that the increase in the air relative humidity by 10% would increase the leaf length, width and aerial dry weight for Lactuca Sativa by 10±3%, 2±5% and 28±3% respectively. The data trend suggests that the optimal relative humidity that could improve plant growth is 85±2%, as low humidity below optimum level will increase stomatal resistance, which leads to a reduction of carbon dioxide uptake and photosynthesis rate. Inversely, relative humidity above the optimal levels will adversely reduce the transpiration rate, which negatively affects the plant growth and leaf development due to impaired nutrient assimilation. The outcome of this study provides an insight for the development of plant growth forecasting model.
Promoting Circular Economy Between Palm Oil Sector with Multiple Industries
Authors: Hwang J Z H , Andiappan V , Ng D K S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Malaysia is the second largest producer and exporter of palm oil products in the world, with the increasing production of crude palm oil (CPO) over the recent years. On the contrary, the palm oil sector has also received number of negative perceptions, such as high carbon footprint, unutilised waste and deforestation. The global organization of sustainable palm oil promotes sustainable practices to be being implemented in the palm oil sector to counter the negative image of unsustainable palm oil. One of the important areas to recover the generated waste into value-added products and energy. Therefore, the waste generation in palm oil sector can be viewed as an opportunity rather than a threat. In order to enhance the resource conservation, the generated waste can be reused/recycled within the palm oil sector, as presented in many previous research works. However, there are still large amount of waste generated being disposed. To address such issue, a circular economy approach is proposed around the palm oil industry. The generated waste from palm oil sector can be used as feedstock or input to other industries such as polymer, construction materials, furniture, paper production, etc. In this work, a systematic approach is developed to determine the optimum integrated supply chain network of palm oil sector with other industries Via such approach, materials that are low in cost, weight, renewable and biodegradable can be used as feedstock to create a self-regenerative system amongst the industries.
Process Integration and Optimization for Sustainable and Circular Hydrogen Production
Authors: Lim Moy Hian M , Lim C H , How B S , Ng W P Q , Lam H L 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
With omnipresent issues concerning environmental degradation following the extensive use of fossil fuels, there is an urgent need to move towards more sustainable fuels such as hydrogen, which produces only water as by-product upon combustion. However, hydrogen production processes have limitations in terms of raw materials, process parameters and energy input which affects the sustainability of the product. As hydrogen demand is forecasted to increase, process optimization studies are favourable due to limited current work on this topic. In this paper, six hydrogen production processes are integrated into a superstructure with special consideration given to implementation of circular economies. Mathematical modelling of the superstructure then allows optimization of three case studies based on economic and environmental performance. This study shows the possibility of achieving zero net CO2 emissions through water electrolysis, provided that electricity generated with the produced hydrogen is used to power the plant. Gross profits of 1489.14 RM/hr and 4075.60 RM/hr show the potential of Palm Oil Biomass as feedstock. Overall, implementation of circular economy was found favourable to achieve sustainable production. This framework created has the potential to act as decision- making tool for policy makers to assist them in determining optimum hydrogen production pathways.
Production of Monoethylene Glycol from Lignocellulosic Biomass via Catalytic Hydrogenation: A Review
Authors: Norhanifah A H , Norliza A R , Rafidah J 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Ethane and ethanol are produced through steam cracking and fermentation into ethylene respectively, which is then hydrolysed into monoethylene glycol (MEG). The disadvantages of both processes included used of easily oxidized substance and large quantities of water in order to minimize by-products such as diethylene glycol and triethylene glycol. Apart from that, MEG can also be produced by catalytic hydrogenation of biomass at extreme temperature and pressure with presence of catalyst. At the same time, this process uses lignocellulosic waste that have a high cellulose content such as residues from the agricultural and food industries. However, lignocellulosic biomass has to be treated to remove lignin content that may lower the rate of hydrogenation activity. In addition, most studies have found that the temperature in range of 240 °C to 280 °C and pressure of 5 MPa to 6 MPa are able to produce 18 wt% to 64 wt% of MEG. Meanwhile, the catalyst that have attract the researchers’ attention are nickel and tungsten species which are able to increase the MEG yield by overcoming the activation energy of the hydrogenation process. Factors such as lignocellulose’s pre-treatment, operating temperature and pressure, and the presence of catalyst will be discussed further.
Selective epoxidation of the unsaturated fatty acids
Authors: Mahadi M. B , Rasib I.M. , Abas N.Z , Rahman M.A. , SH Azmi I. , Jalil M.J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, epoxidized vegetable oils are of major significance since they are derived from renewable and sustainable natural resources and are eco-friendly. Epoxide is a crucial chemical precursor to produce alcohols, glycols, and polymers such as polyester and epoxy resin. Oleic acid’s long alkyl chain including an unsaturated double bond (C=C) makes it an appealing fatty acid for producing eco-friendly epoxide. The epoxidation of unsaturated fatty acid was accomplished by generating performic acid in situ to yield epoxidized oleic acid. The result of this reaction will be dihydroxystearic acid (DHSA). DHSA is one of the chemical precursors used to manufacture cosmetics. The optimal level of epoxidized unsaturated oleic acid was 82%.
Design of control system for water quality monitoring system for hydroponics application
Authors: Safira M R , Lim M W , Chua W S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In hydroponic farming, optimal pH value is important to regulate nutrient availability for efficient plant growth. This study aims to design an autonomous pH monitoring and control system for maintaining an optimal pH range. The prototype was developed for data acquisition, data processing and data visualization to ensure that the measured nutritional solution parameters are within the specified range: temperature (18–35°C), pH (5.5–8.0), and dissolved oxygen level (>2 ppm). Data collected at sampling rate of 10 seconds utilising temperature sensor, pH sensor, and dissolved oxygen sensor were processed using a microcontroller on a Node-RED interface in a Raspberry Pi. The processed data were stored in InfluxDB before being displayed in Grafana. If the value exceeded the threshold, a Telegram alert was delivered to the end-user. The pH data were used to build a framework to control the pH levels within range. Two peristaltic pumps (DFRobot, DFR0523) were utilized to pump potassium hydroxide or phosphoric acid solution if the pH was out of range. The developed prototype was able to automatically control the pH within the optimum range in the nutrient solution, which will positively impact the nutrient adsorption and subsequent plant growth in a hydroponics system.
A new way of working: Intelligent remote engineering via hybrid first principle modelling
Authors: Hing A A M K , Norman A R , Mubin A F H A , Mansor M H 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The digital transformation era in the oil and gas industry is changing the way we operate our assets. A new way of working introduces automation of processes and a wider application of digital solutions. These improve remote engineering capabilities to maximise usage and applications of process advanced analytics to allow faster identification and troubleshooting of equipment and process issues. The foundation of remote diagnostic engineering is the hybrid of plant data and first principle simulation model. One of the main features of the tool is harnessing a process simulation model’s strength in producing first-principle verified data and analysis, as example, a predictive composition properties model and virtual flow analysers. This soft sensor approach fills in the gaps of actual plant data availability and quality. Another main feature is the enablement of performance monitoring and diagnostics which includes equipment such as compressors, pumps, and heat exchangers. Adaptation of the new ways of working concepts will capture the intended outcomes namely reduced HSSE risks, improved profitability, higher capital efficiency and pandemic proofing. In the future, a wider application of the intelligent remote engineering tool is recommended to introduce prescriptive analysis, enriching insights for improved operational excellence.
Life Cycle Optimisation for Bio-energy Systems with Carbon Capture and Storage in Electricity Generation
Authors: Cheng X H , Ng Denny K S , Ng L Y , Murugappan V A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) has been identified as the most viable and cost-effective technology to achieving the 1.5°C targets set down in the 2015 Paris Agreement. It is essential to understand the impact of BECCS on carbon dioxide removal at a commercial scale. As such, this research presents an extensive life cycle analysis and optimisation of BECCS. To ensure the proposed methodology is appropriate for this research, case study of three cases is performed. In the case study, an existing coal-fired power plant is used as a base case for comparison between 2 different BECCS configurations. A regional assessment of the BECCS configurations from various critical performance aspects is then performed. This consists of assessing the system effectiveness, environmental impacts, energy efficiency, and cost optimisation from a life cycle perspective.
Investigation of glyphosate removal from aqueous solution using calcium peroxide
Authors: Li F , Choong T S Y , Abdullah L C , Md Jamil S N A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Glyphosate, an organophosphate herbicide containing carboxyl group, is widely used in agriculture. It can be found as a contaminant in water, and procedures are required for its removal. The present study investigated the efficiency of glyphosate removal from aqueous solutions using a Fenton-like system. Calcium peroxide (CaO2) was used as a source of hydroxyl free radicals with Fe2+ as the catalyst to trigger Fenton reaction. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and potassium permanganate titration were carried out for characterization of calcium peroxide. The effect of operating parameters such as pH, molar ratio of Ca2+: Fe2+, and initial dosage of calcium peroxide on the total phosphorus (TP) removal efficiency was studied. The maximum TP removal was 94.50% under optimal conditions (pH = 3.0, initial glyphosate concentration = 50 ppm, initial CaO2 dosage = 0.5 g, molar ratio of Ca2+: Fe2+= 6). This study demonstrated that calcium peroxide could be considered as an effective oxidant for glyphosate wastewater treatment.
Foaming Tendency in Anaerobic Digestion of Wastewater Inoculated with Anaerobic Sludge and Cow Manure: Effect of Protein Concentration
Authors: Syed Sabeer Ali S N , Omar R , Che Man H , Md Idris A I , Tajuddin H A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Foaming has impacted the digestion process causing severe process failures. The basis of foaming is often unclear due to multiple foaming compounds in a single system. This study aims to elucidate the effect of protein concentration on foaming in anaerobic sludge and cow manure (CM) digesters inoculated with synthetic wastewater as a substrate. Gelatine was used to alter the protein concentration in the digesters. The foaming tendency, biogas production, protein, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal were measured to comprehend the findings. The results show that the foaming tendency increased with protein concentration in anaerobic sludge digesters. It also had the highest biogas production. There was no evident process inhibition observed in the anaerobic sludge digester, even at higher protein and COD concentrations. For CM digester, the foaming tendency and biogas production increased to 9 g/L; however, the biogas production decreased with increased substrate protein concentration, indicating process inhibition. The results indicate that the biogas production, foaming tendency, COD and protein removal increased steadily for both digesters. However, the trend decreased for CM digester at increased protein concentrations. This study also concluded that protein creates foaming when inoculated with anaerobic sludge and CM even at low substrate protein concentration.
Fluorine-free superhydrophobic cotton fabric for highly-efficient gravity-driven oil/water separation
Authors: Voo WX , Chong WC , Teoh HC , Mohammad AW 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Rapid urbanisation and industrialisation have imposed great environmental impact due to the discharge of oily wastewater and oil spill incidents. The application of superhydrophobic and superoleophilic surfaces in oil/water separation (OWS) has attracted much attention due to their high selectivity of oil which leads to high separation efficiency in OWS. Herein, a fluorine-free superhydrophobic cotton fabric filter was prepared by loading SiO2 onto the surface from the silica sol and followed by coating with stearic acid through facile dip coating method. The silica sol was prepared using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) where the loading was manipulated in order to study its effect on hydrophobicity. In the drying process, the effect of the drying temperature on the hydrophobicity was studied. All the pristine and modified cotton fabric samples were characterised by employing FTIR, SEM-EDX and water contact angle measurement. In the preparation process, the optimum TEOS loading was determined to be 4.5 mL. Additionally, the as-prepared superhydrophobic cotton fabric was used to perform OWS, under sole influence of gravity, by using different oil-water mixture solutions and the separation efficiency was above 99%. The results showed that higher drying temperature gives rise in hydrophobicity, and thus lead to more efficient OWS.
Association Between Dental Calculus and Hypertension Phenotypes in Highly Fit Adults: CHIEF Oral Health Study
Authors: Tsai Kun-Zhe , Huang Ren-Yeong , Cheng Wan-Chien , Han Chih-Lu , Huang Wei-Chun , Sui Xuemei , Lavie Carl J , Lin Gen-Min 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Poor oral health evaluated by presence of dental calculus has been associated with hypertension (HTN) among middle- and old-aged adults. However, it is unclear for the association of HTN phenotypes with dental calculus in young adults.

Methods
This study examined the association between dental calculus and HTN in 5,345 military personnel, aged 19–45 years, without antihypertensive medications therapy in Taiwan from 2018 to 2021. Dental calculus was defined as presence of supragingival calculus in any teeth, except impacted teeth, and third molar. Combined HTN (CHTN) was diagnosed as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥130 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥80 mm Hg. Isolated systolic and diastolic HTN were, respectively, defined as SBP ≥130 mm Hg only (ISHTN) and DBP ≥80 mm Hg only (IDHTN). Multiple logistic regression with adjustments for sex, age, toxic substance use, anthropometrics, lipid profiles, fasting glucose, and blood leukocyte counts were used to determine the association between dental calculus and HTN phenotypes in young adults.

Results
The prevalence of those with dental calculus, CHTN, ISHTN, and IDHTN was 20.8%, 10.8%, 10.2%, and 7.0%, respectively. The dental calculus was associated a greater possibility with CHTN [odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval: 1.60 (1.31–1.95)]. However, the associations of dental calculus with ISHTN and IDHTN were null [OR: 1.05 (0.81–1.27) and 1.12 (0.86–1.46), respectively].

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that among young adults, poor oral health manifested by presence of dental calculus was associated with a greater possibility of CHTN, while not for ISHTN and IDHTN.
Propagation, detection and correction of errors using the sequence database network
Authors: Goudey Benjamin , Geard Nicholas , Verspoor Karin , Zobel Justin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNucleotide and protein sequences stored in public databases are the cornerstone of many bioinformatics analyses. The records containing these sequences are prone to a wide range of errors, including incorrect functional annotation, sequence contamination and taxonomic misclassification. One source of information that can help to detect errors are the strong interdependency between records. Novel sequences in one database draw their annotations from existing records, may generate new records in multiple other locations and will have varying degrees of similarity with existing records across a range of attributes. A network perspective of these relationships between sequence records, within and across databases, offers new opportunities to detect—or even correct—erroneous entries and more broadly to make inferences about record quality. Here, we describe this novel perspective of sequence database records as a rich network, which we call the sequence database network, and illustrate the opportunities this perspective offers for quantification of database quality and detection of spurious entries. We provide an overview of the relevant databases and describe how the interdependencies between sequence records across these databases can be exploited by network analyses. We review the process of sequence annotation and provide a classification of sources of error, highlighting propagation as a major source. We illustrate the value of a network perspective through three case studies that use network analysis to detect errors, and explore the quality and quantity of critical relationships that would inform such network analyses. This systematic description of a network perspective of sequence database records provides a novel direction to combat the proliferation of errors within these critical bioinformatics resources.
Use of sponge-assisted endoluminal vacuum therapy for the treatment of colorectal anastomotic leaks: expert panel consensus
Authors: Bemelman Willem A , Arezzo Alberto , Banasiewicz Tomasz , Brady Richard , Espín-Basany Eloy , Faiz Omar , Jimenez-Rodriguez Rosa M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Anastomotic leaks represent one of the most significant complications of colorectal surgery and are the primary cause of postoperative mortality and morbidity. Sponge-assisted endoluminal vacuum therapy (EVT) has emerged as a minimally invasive technique for the management of anastomotic leaks; however, there are questions regarding patient selection due to the heterogeneous nature of anastomotic leaks and the application of sponge-assisted EVT by surgeons.

Method
Seven colorectal surgical experts participated in a modified nominal group technique to establish consensus regarding key questions that arose from existing gaps in scientific evidence and the variability in clinical practice. After a bibliographic search to identify the available evidence and sequential meetings with participants, a series of recommendations and statements were formulated and agreed upon.

Results
Thirty-seven recommendations and statements on the optimal use of sponge-assisted EVT were elaborated on and unanimously agreed upon by the group of experts. The statements and recommendations answer 10 key questions about the indications, benefits, and definition of the success rate of sponge-assisted EVT for the management of anastomotic leaks.

Conclusion
Although further research is needed to resolve clinical and technical issues associated with sponge-assisted EVT, the recommendations and statements produced from this project summarize critical aspects to consider when using sponge-assisted EVT and to assist those involved in the management of patients with colorectal anastomotic leaks.
‘Should I Stay or Should I Go’? The Experiences of Forty Social Workers in England Who Had Previously Indicated They Would Stay In or Leave Children and Families Social Work
Authors: McLaughlin Hugh , Scholar Helen , McCaughan Su , Pollock Sarah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article is focused on the concern about the retention of child and family social workers in England. Retention of workers is seen as a major issue for the delivery of quality services for service users, stability of workforces and development of social work. The article reviews international studies in relation to retention identifying a gap in relation to studies that have followed up those who indicated they were going to leave child and family social work but were unable to say whether they acted on this intention or not. This study focuses on forty semi-structured interviews with child and family social workers in year 2 of a five-year longitudinal study half of whom had indicated they would remain or leave social work practice and followed them up to as whether they did so or not. The findings indicated that there were major similarities between those who left and those who stayed. However, the importance of the interaction of organisational, job role and individual factors provides organisations with opportunities to mitigate such challenging aspects of children and families social work so that their workers feel supported, and able to respond to these challenges positively.