bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anonymously tracking covid-19 patient using labeling graph approach and GPS tracking technology
Authors: Azizah Nuril Lutvi , Indahyanti Uce 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The increasing number of patient infected by Covid-19 viruses in Indonesia, causing each personal to be more vigilant in doing activities outside. Many patients who are positively exposed to the corona viruses are self isolating in their own house because the hospital is full. Patiens who have recovered and tested negative from the corona viruses can work outside the house. The purpose of this study is to provide information regarding patients infected with Covid-19 in certain area through a tracing application. This apllication can help public to find out how many individuals are infected with Covid-19 in the surrounding environment by priorizing patient privacy and in real time anonymously. The method used is a combination of labelling graph theory and the GPS tracing system applied to the gadget. The programming language use in this gadget cases is flutter. The stages that will be carried out are starting from tracing patients infected with Covid-19 based on the position of tracing area, then predicted through a graph model approach based on distance and percentage of transmission. The result of this research is the percentage of prediction about personal vulnerability. The initiation of prediction divide into saveral categories, including vulnerable, moderate, or safe.
Determination of bulog regional sub-division in east java using connected domination number theory
Authors: Umilasari Reni , Saifudin Ilham 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bulog is a state-owned public company engaged in food logistics. There are about 18 Bulog warehouses in East Java Province with an uneven distribution. Because the scope of Bulog’s business includes logistics or warehousing, surveys and pest eradication, provision of plastic bags, transportation business, food commodity trading and retail business, there must be good coordination between regional sub-divisions and warehouse complexes. In this study, the minimum regional sub-division recommendations in the East Java region were determined using the theory of connected domination number in graphs. The location of the warehouse complex is described as the vertex and adjacent warehouse complexes are connected by edges. In this research, we also determine the connected domination number of unicyclic graph and vertex amalgamation operations for several classes of graphs.
Graphs with strong 3-rainbow index equals 2
Authors: Salman A N M , Awanis Z Y , Saputro S W 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLetGbe an edge-colored connected graph of ordern≥ 3, where adjacent edges may be colored the same. Letkbe an integer with 2 ≤k≤nandS⊆V(G) with |S| =k. The Steiner distanced(S) ofSis the minimum size of a tree inGconnectingS. The strongk-rainbow indexsrxk(G) ofGis the minimum number of colors required to color the edges ofGso that every setSinGis connected by a tree of sized(S) whose edges have distinct colors. We focus onk= 3. In this paper, we first characterize the graphsGwithsrx3(G) = 2. According to the definition, it is clearly that ‖G‖ is the trivial upper bound forsrx3(G). Several previous researchers have shown that there exist some connected graphsGsuch thatsrx3(G) = ‖G‖. Hence, in this paper, we provide another graphGsuch thatsrx3(G) = ‖G‖.
On the resolving strong domination number of some wheel related graphs
Authors: Humaizah R , Dafik  , Kristiana A I , Agustin I H , Kurniawati E Y 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study aims to analyse the resolving strong dominating set. This concept combinations of two notions, they are metric dimension and strong domination set. By a resolving strong domination set, we mean a set D
s ⊂ V(G) which satisfies the definition of strong dominating set as well as resolving set. The resolving strong domination number of graph G, denoted by γrst
(G), is the minimum cardinality of resolving strong dominating set of G. In this paper, we determine the resolving strong domination number of some wheel related graphs, namely helm graph Hn
, gear graph Gn
, and flower graph Fln
. Through this paper, we will use the notations γst
(G) and dim(G) which show the strong domination and dimension numbers.
On local vertex irregular reflexive coloring of graphs
Authors: Dafik  , Koesoemawati D J , Agustin I H , Kurniawati E Y , Nisviasari R 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Let χ(G) be a chromatic number of proper coloring on G. For an injection f : V (G) → {0, 2, . . . ; 2kυg
} and f : E(G) → }1, 2, . . . , ke
}, where k = max{ke
, 2kχ
} for kυ
, ke
are natural number. The associated weight of a vertex u, υ ∈ V (G) under f is w(u) = f(u) + ∑
uυ∈E(G)f(uυ). The function f is called a local vertex irregular reflexive k-labeling if every two adjacent vertices has distinct weight. When we assign each vertex of G with a color of the vertex weight w(uυ), thus we say the graph G admits a local vertex irregular reflexive coloring. The smallest number of vertex weights needed to color the vertices of G such that no two adjacent vertices share the same color is called a local vertex irregular reflexive chromatic number, denoted by
χirvs
(G). Furthermore, the minimum k required such that
χlrvs
(G) = χ(G) is called a local reflexive vertex color strength, denoted by lrvcs(G). In this paper, we will obtain the lrvcs(G) and characterize the existence of a graph with given its local reflexive vertex color strength.
H-infinity for autonomous surface vehicle position estimation
Authors: Herlambang T , Rahmalia D , Suryowinoto A , Yudianto F , Susanto F A , Anshori M Y 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Indonesia is a country with a very prominent marine charm, and it is the largest archipelago in the world, covering about 50% of the coral triangle area, providing marine tourist resorts. Therefore tourism development is quite promising. For that purpose, simple boats are of necessity for tourists to enjoy the beauty of such marine tourism. One solution to support such marine tourism sector is the availability of Autonomous Surface Vehicle (ASV). This vehicle will be the interest of this paper. This study used Touristant ASV with dimensions of 1.5 m in diameter, 4 meters in length and 1.3 meters in height. The purpose of this paper is to conduct a study with a focus on the estimation of ASV position with ASV motion influenced by wind speed and wave height by applying the H-infinity method. The position error generated from the simulation shows that the position error has an accuracy of about 96%.
Estimation of shoulder and elbow joint angle from linear quadratic tracking based on six muscle force vectors
Authors: Herlambang T , Rahmalia D , Nurhadi H , Suryowinoto A , Karya D F 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Two dimensional human’s arm is one of the optimal control application. This arm model consists of joint angles consisting of shoulder joint and elbow joint. Beside that, there are also muscle force vectors consisting of pectoralis major, posterior deltoid, brachialis, lateral head of triceps brachii, biceps brachii, and longhead of triceps. Linear Quadratic Tracking (LQT) is constructed to obtain solution of state and optimal control. From state solution and optimal control obtained, they will be used estimation by Backpropagation and ANFIS. From data resulted from LQT simulation, the input used are muscle force vectors. They will be used for estimation the output i.e. angle of shoulder joint and angle of elbow joint. From the LQT simulation, the angle position can follow the given reference function. Then Backpropagation and ANFIS can make estimation in angle of shoulder joint and angle of elbow joint based on six muscle force vectors with small RMSE. In Backpropagation, the estimation result of angle of shoulder joint between target and output with RMSE is 0.0954 and the estimation result of angle elbow joint between target and output with RMSE is 0.2528. In ANFIS, the estimation result of angle of shoulder joint between target and output with RMSE is 0.0062 and the estimation result of angle elbow joint between target and output with RMSE is 0.0526.
The quality of coffee bean classification system based on color by using k-nearest neighbor method
Authors: Adiwijaya Nelly Oktavia , Romadhon Hammam Iqomatuddin , Putra Januar Adi , Kuswanto Dewangga Putra 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Sorting coffee bean nowadays is still done manually, although there is already a support machine for separation through size, but to determine the quality of the seeds remain manual using human power. This coffee bean sorting is in the spotlight to research whether it can be more effective if there is a tool that can directly find out the quality of coffee. This system will make it easier for workers in the field. In addition to saving time, costs will decrease and also the work of workers will be reduced. This paper present the implementation of machine learning method to classify the coffee bean quality. The dataset use 90 coffee bean for three classes and 30 for each class. From the experimental result, the highest accuracy obtain 83%.
Combination of high order kernel estimators for estimation of fruit trees biomass on critical land
Authors: Zulfikar  , Munawarah  , Susanti Ambar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study aims to estimate fruit tree biomass with a high-order Gaussian kernel estimator. The source of the data was obtained by estimating the relationship between tree diameter (x) and tree biomass (y) which was obtained through the allometric equation y = 0.11ρx2.62 for branched trees. Data samples were taken as many as 250 obtained from 5 sub-district locations in critical land on longan and mango fruit tree vegetation. The relationship between x and y is then estimated in the form of an equation yi = m (xi) + εi where, i = 1, 2, n. The results of the analysis using the kernel estimator showed that the tree biomass estimation resulted in a smooth regression curve at an optimal bandwidth (h) score of 1.3 (GCV = 122.92) longan and 2.6 (GCV = 3523.25) mango. The relationship between MSE and bandwidth shows a very strong negative correlation with a score of r = -0.959 (p.value = 0.04) in the estimated longan biomass and r = -0.964 (p.value = 0.03) in the estimated mango biomass and is significant (α = 0.05). This means that a parallel increase in the bandwidth score will decrease the MSE score when GCV is controlled.
Microplastics in Digestive System of Little-black cormorant (Phalacrocorax sulcirostris) in Pulau Rambut Sanctuary
Authors: Susanti N K Y , Mardiastuti A , Hariyadi S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Microplastics have been found in many seabirds in various areas in the world, but there has been no report from Indonesia. The objective of this research was to discover whether there were microplastics in the Indonesian Seabirds, represented by the Little-black cormorant (Phalacrocorax sulcirostris). The study site was Pulau Rambut Wildlife Sanctuary, a small island in Jakarta Bay, where a big colony of the cormorants’ nests together with other waterbirds. The gastrointestinal tract of a sample Little-black cormorant was collected to find macroplastic, mesoplastic, or microplastic. Microplastics were detected through NaCl dilution, followed by observation using 10x10 magnification and SRCC. There was no macroplastic and mesoplastic found in the sampled bird. As for microplastic, 16 microplastic particles of different types, sizes, and colours were found, giving an estimation of 320 particles/bird. Microplastic film type were dominant (75.0%), followed by fiber (18.7%) and fragment (6.3%). The size of the microplastic was mostly (68.7%) between 100-1,000 μm. Color-wise, more than half (56.2%) were transparent. Other colors found were red (18.7%), black (12.5%), yellow and blue (6.2% each), no brown or green.
Quantification of Riverbank Macroplastic Contamination in The Lower Citarum River
Authors: Hidayat H , Aisyah S , Rahmadya A , Husrin S , Hermana I S , Hurley R , Olsen M 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPlastic waste generation has been increasing over the last decades. Rivers represent complex environments where plastics may be stored and remobilized. Studies on riverine plastic, including riverbank contamination, are still lacking. Riverbank surveys were carried out in the Citarum River, Indonesia, at three river sections in Purwakarta, Karawang, and Muara Gembong in March-April 2021. The aim was to quantify the abundance of plastic waste at different points in the riverbank zone. The sample ‘monolith’ was taken by digging a quadrat of 30x30x10 cm3. All material was then weighed. Three replicates along the length of the bank and three replicates across the bank were taken. The non-plastic fraction was weighed and its composition was estimated. Plastic fraction was classified into categories, counted, and weighed. The result show that plastic litter was found in all monolith ranging from 0.7-301 g of plastic litter per monolith. The largest proportion of plastic contaminant was found in Karawang with 2.85% of plastic in a single monolith and the largest average plastic contaminant was about 0.78% of the total monolith weight, showing that plastic contamination is prevalent. Enhancing waste management, reducing single-use plastics, and plastic recycling are recommended to tackle plastic contamination in the study area.
Observation of Floating Inorganic Macro-debris in The Downstream Citarum River using Manual Counting
Authors: Aisyah S , Hidayat H , Rahmadya A , Husrin S , Hurley R , Olsen M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Inorganic Macro-debris (IMD) such as plastics can negatively affect aquatic life and human wellbeing. Information about IMD transport in river systems is required to optimize prevention, mitigation, and reduction strategies. However, this data is currently lacking. Manual counting technique can be used to quantify and characterize macro-debris contamination and its transport in rivers. We demonstrate how this method can provide a rapid and cost-effective tool for characterization and quantification of floating macro-debris. This study aims to quantify the abundance of IMD, explore the spatio-temporal trends, and identify the composition of floating IMD in the downstream section of the Citarum River, West Java, Indonesia. Data collection was carried out in March and May 2021. Observations were performed between 8 AM and 5 PM across the whole river width across several days. Results showed that IMD transport varies between days, ranging from 60 to 350 pieces in March and 40 to 4700 IMD pieces per day in May. The magnitude of macro-debris is correlated with precipitation (r = 0.793 and 0.622 for March and May, respectively). Spatially, concentration of macro-debris fluxes was observed close to river shores across the channel widths. The most frequent IMD category observed in March and May 2021 was Polystyrene (60% to 70%).
Diversity of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in Pulau Pari and their potential roles for bioremediation
Authors: Sudiana I M , Idris I , Napitupulu T P , Ikhwani A Z N , Sumerta I N , Sugiharto A , Sulistiyani T R , Masrukhin  , Meliah S , Kanti A , Purbani D C , Noerdjito D R , Suyadi  
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Oil spill accidents occur several times in the Indonesian sea, including Jakarta Bay. Studies on the application of oil spill bio-degradation techniques need to be developed but require baseline data on microbe species diversity and functions. We isolated several bacteria from Pulau Pari that can degrade hydrocarbons (hexadecane, phenantrene, and dibenzothiophene) by using two step enrichment culture technique. The isolated microbes belong to several taxa, including α-subclass Proteobacteria, β-subclass Proteobacteria, γ-subclass Proteobacteria, the gram-positive high GC content (Actinobacteria), and Bacillus group. These marine bacteria degrade not only alkanes but also polyaromatic hydrocarbons (phenanthrene and dibenzothiophene). Alpha and gamma Proteobacteria were predominant alkane and polyaromatic hydrocarbons-degrading bacteria. The ability of those bacteria to degrade both alkanes and polyaromatic hydrocarbon is a key-important trait for enhancing bioremediation of oil spills.
Peatland characteristics and oil palm productivity at Siak Regency, Riau Province
Authors: Purnamayani R , Tarigan S D , Sudradjat  , Syahbuddin H , Dariah A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The utilization of peatland as a source of livelihood from the agricultural sector is still important, especially for peatland-dominated areas. One example of its utilization is for oil palm commodities. The objective of this study was to analyze the existing condition of peatland in oil palm plantation in Siak Regency of Riau Province. The research method was field survey, literature study and interviews. The data collected was the chemical and physical properties of peat soil, groundwater table depth and oil palm productivity. The field study was carried out at 4 blocks representing sapric and hemic peat maturity. The study found that the depth of the groundwater table varies depending on the rainfall. Even though the canal blocking system has been implemented, the depth of the groundwater level still fluctuated. The productivity of oil palm increased with age and the highest was reached at the age of 14 years. The results of the chemical properties analysis showed that the land was categorized in good fertility, because of good agricultural practices management. Further research is needed regarding the dominant factor of peatland that causes fluctuations in water level depth.
Utilization of cow urine waste for the manufacture of urine as a form of environmentally friendly dairy farming business
Authors: Vebriyanti E , Arief I I , Salundik  , Dewi Panca 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bio urine is a liquid organic fertilizer that comes from processing livestock waste. Bio urine is very useful and valuable. Processing of urine waste into Bio urine is one of the steps to overcome the problem of environmental pollution caused by the livestock sector. This study aims to determine the quality of Bio urine derived from local microorganisms (MOL) of animal, vegetable and liquid organic fertilizers which were seen from microbiological elements and Fe levels, so that they can be used as environmentally friendly organic fertilizers. Animal mole is made from rumen contents, molasses and water, then fermented aerobically for 14 days. Indigenous microorganism (IMO) from nabati is made from tomato waste, brown sugar, rice washing water, coconut water and fermented with the same aerobic system for 14 days. The research method used a randomized block design with 5 treatments, namely A+: Cow urine + EM4, A-: Cow urine only, B: Cow urine + 100% animal MOL, C: Cow urine + 100% vegetable MOL, D: Cow urine animal MOL 50%+ 100% vegetable MOL Cow Urine, each treatment was repeated 4 times. Parameters observed included pH, total microbial and Fe content. The results showed that the treatment had no significant effect on pH, total colonies and Fe levels, with the results of the study that cow urine added animal MOL, vegetable MOL and the combination gave a pH value of 8.43-9.98, total microbial log 72.363-80.333 and Fe content 0.0002-0.0007 ppm. The results showed that cow urine with the addition of Animal MOL, Vegetable MOL and the combination of the two did not give significantly different effects on P (phosphorus) content, N (Nitrogen) content, and K (Calcium) content.
Rice Waste Hydrolyzation at Subcritical Temperature to Produce Bioherbicide to Control Terrestrial Weeds
Authors: Agusta H , Guntoro D , Arifin B , Syakir M , Yunindanova M B 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Thermal anaerobic hydrolyzation process on rice husk with higher lignin content produced organic complexes constituents including phenolic groups. Phenolic groups expose herbicide effects on growing vegetations, where the process in nature mainly require anaerobic condition. The degradation rate in nature is very slow with very low concentration availability. Thermal hydrolyzation is an appropriate choice to produce phenolics herbicide for sustainable pesticide management and application. This study aimed to identify the potency of rice husk extract by thermal hydrolyzation process as an organic herbicide to control terrestrial weeds. The hydrolyzation was processed in 60-90 bars and 280±20 °C for 30±10 minutes. The existence of the phenolic groups in the hydrolysate was considered for generic active ingredients to control weed in the terrestrial ecosystem. Its damage impact was tested on Borreria alata, Eleusine indica, Cyperus kyllingia, Paspalum conjugatum, Asystasia intrusa, and Axonopus compressus. The assay covered the growth at pre-emergence, early post-emergence, and post-emergence growing stages. The rice waste hydrolysate was capable to suppress the growth of the weed growth especially at the pre-emergence stage at 30-64%, and at early post-emergence stages at the suppressing rate of 77-100%. However, the suppressing affectivity is lower at the post-emergence stage which only 17-25%.
Waterbird community in Pulau Rambut Wildlife Sanctuary, Jakarta Bay: Review on species composition and population size after thirty years
Authors: Mardiastuti A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the Jakarta Bay area, Pulau Rambut, a 25-ha island, has been known as an important breeding/nesting site for 15 waterbird species. Land-use change and habitat deterioration potentially have some impact on the waterbird population. The objective of this research was to compare species composition and population size of waterbirds nesting in Pulau Rambut after 30 years (1990-2020), and provide an analysis on the possible causes of the change. Secondary data on population size and species composition were used for analysis. Habitat changes in the foraging habitat were observed intermittently. Black-headed ibis and Little-pied cormorant were extirpated from the island, thus the species number was decreased to 13. Population size of all waterbirds was greatly decreased (from 10,180 to 4,950 individuals). However, the population of the endangered Milky stork has increased, from 24 (0.2%) to 78 (1.6%) individuals, possibly due to additional birds migrating from the eastern coast of Sumatra. There was a significant change in the species composition (paired t-test; t=0.488, P<0.01), with Cormorants still dominated the community. Possible causes of the population decrease were the shrinking wetlands in Java as waterbirds’ foraging habitat, and deterioration of mangroves as nest trees in Pulau Rambut due oil pollution.