bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bile acids induce neurite outgrowth in NSC-34 cells via TGR5 and a distinct transcriptional profile
Authors: Gerhard Glenn , Ackerman Hayley 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Bile acids have recently emerged as potential neuroprotective agents that may modulate neurodegeneration. Most studies have focused on the single bile acid tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) and its role as an anti-apoptotic agent. We studied other bile acids as signaling molecules for their two cellular receptors, farnesoid X receptor (FXR or NR1H4) and G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1 or TGR5), and for liver X receptor (LXR), as potential neurotrophic agents. We used two in vitro model systems to identify the effects of bile acids and related pharmacological agents on neurite outgrowth using quantitative image analysis. We also identified early effects on gene expression using RNA sequencing analysis. We found that 20 uM deoxycholic acid (DCA) could induce neurite outgrowth in NSC-34 cells that was comparable to the neurotrophic effects of the culture control 1 uM retinoic acid (RA) with similar, but slightly less robust effects observed for chenodexoycholic acid (CDCA) at 20 uM and in SH-SY5Y cells. Using chemical agonists and antagonists of FXR, LXR, and TGR5, TGR5 agonism was comparable to DCA stimulation, stronger than RA, and neither FXR nor LXR inhibition could block bile acid-induced neurite growth. RNA sequencing identified a core set of genes whose expression was regulated by DCA, CDCA, and RA. Our data suggest that bile acid signaling through TGR5 may be a targetable pathway to stimulate neurite outgrowth.
Evaluation of the FAST score in patients with suspected colorectal cancer in the Herts Valley CCG
Authors: Cama Rigers , Kapoor Neel , Bhatti Haroon , Sawyer Philip , Patel Bharat , Landy Jonathan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
The UK has seen a doubling in “urgent cancer ” referrals for patients with suspected colorectal cancer (CRC) over the last decade.1,2 The FAST score (faecal haemoglobin, age and sex test score) was proposed to improve the utility of the quantitative faecal immunochemical test (FIT) in the diagnosis of CRC. We aimed to investigate the utility of the FAST score for detection of CRC in our population.
Methods
Medical records of patients undertaking a FIT sample in primary care within the Herts Valley between June 2019 to November 2020 were referenced with the cancer database. Other significant colonic pathology (SCP) recorded included inflammatory bowel disease and high-risk adenomas. FIT analysis was performed using OC-Sensor analyser.3 FAST scores (≥ 2.12 versus < 2.12) were assessed.4
Results
5340 patients returned a FIT sample. 2150 patients were referred to secondary care and 924 patients were investigated with a colonoscopy (group A). 3190 patients were not referred to secondary care immediately (group B).
Using a FAST score with ≥2.12, which gives high clinical sensitivity for CRC, 841 of 924 in group A would have been referred for colonoscopy, a 9.0% reduction in colonoscopy demand. 147 of 153 (96.0%) with SCP had a positive FAST score. Only 80 of 771 (10.4%) without SCP had a negative FAST score. In group B, 2226 (69.8%) had a FAST score ≥2.12 but only 149 (4.7%) were referred to secondary care; with no cases of CRC or SCP.
Conclusion
Our data does not support use of the FAST score in patient triage for colonoscopy.
Cyanidin prevents anxiety-like effects and dysregulation of cytokine systems during MDPV abstinence in rats
Authors: Inan Saadet , Meissler Joseph J , Shekarabi Aryan , Foss Jeffrey , Wiah Sonita , Eisenstein Toby K , Rawls Scott M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Psychostimulant exposure and withdrawal cause neuroimmune dysregulation and anxiety that contributes to dependence and relapse. Here, we tested the hypothesis that abstinence from the synthetic cathinone MDPV (methylenedioxypyrovalerone) produces anxiety-like effects and enhanced levels of mesocorticolimbic cytokines that are inhibited by cyanidin, an anti-inflammatory flavonoid and nonselective blocker of IL-17A signaling. For comparison, we tested effects on glutamate transporter systems that are also dysregulated during psychostimulant abstinence. Rats injected for 9 d with MDPV (1 mg/kg, IP) or saline were pretreated daily with cyanidin (0.5 mg/kg, IP) or saline, followed by behavioral testing on the elevated zero maze (EZM) 72 h after the last MDPV injection. MDPV abstinence caused a reduction in time spent on the open arm of the EZM that was prevented by cyanidin. Cyanidin itself did not affect locomotor activity or time spent on the open arm, or cause aversive or rewarding effects in place preference experiments. MDPV abstinence caused enhancement of cytokine levels (IL-17A, IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, IL-10, and CCL2) in the ventral tegmental area, but not amygdala, nucleus accumbens, or prefrontal cortex, that was prevented by cyanidin. During MDPV abstinence, mRNA levels of glutamate aspartate transporter (GLAST) and glutamate transporter subtype 1 (GLT-1) in the amygdala were also elevated but normalized by cyanidin treatment. These results show that MDPV abstinence causes withdrawal-induced anxiety, and brain-region specific dysregulation of cytokine and glutamate systems, that are both prevented by cyanidin, thus identifying cyanidin for further investigation in the context of psychostimulant dependence and relapse.
Is the Interplanetary shock wave evolution self-similar in the Inner Heliosphere?
Authors: Perez-Alanis Carlos , Janvier Miho , Nieves-Chinchilla Teresa , Aguilar-Rodriguez Ernesto , Dèmoulin Pascal , Corona-Romero Pedro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In situ observations of interplanetary (IP) coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) and IP shocks are important to study as they are the main components of the solar activity. Hundreds of IP shocks have been detected by various space missions at different times and heliocentric distances. Some of these are followed by an ICME while not for others. In this study, we carry out a statistical analysis of the distributions of plasma and magnetic parameters of the IP shocks. We classify the shocks according to the heliocentric distance, namely from 0.29 to 0.99 au (Helios-1/2); near 1 au (Wind, ACE and STEREO-A/B); and from 1.35 to 5.4 au (Ulysses). We also differentiate the IP shocks into two populations, those with a detected ICME and those without it. We find, as expected, that there are no significant difference in the results from spacecraft positioned at 1 au. Moreover, the distributions of shock parameters, as well as the shock normal have no significant variations with the heliocentric distance. Additionally, we investigate how the number of shocks associated to stream interaction regions (SIRs) increases with distance in proportion of ICME/shocks. From 1 to 5 au, SIRs/ shock occurrence increases slight from 21% to 33%, in contrast ICME/shocks occurrence decreases from 47% to 17%. We find also no indication of an asymmetry induced by the Parker spiral.
Clinical outcomes of congenital diaphragmatic hernia patients with congenital heart disease
Authors: Kanaya Tomomitsu , Tsumura Sanae , Kawai Syota , Miwa Koji , Usui Noriaki , Iwai Shigemitsu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Patienets with congenital diaphragmatic hernia comorbidity with congenital heart disease have a more severe prognosis than those with either condition alone. Here we report the clinical outcomes of congenital diaphragmatic hernia patients with congenital heart disease who have either two ventricles or a functional single ventricle.
Methods: The subjects included 17 congenital diaphragmatic hernia patients with congenital heart disease who were treated at Osaka Women’s and Children’s Hospital. The severity of congenital diaphragmatic hernia was assessed by the observed-expected lung-to-head ratio. We assessed the details of clinical course in the patients.
Results: A total of 238 patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia were born between 1981 and 2021 at our hospital. Of these, a total of 21 patients (8.8 %) had congenital heart disease and seventeen patients were evaluated for the study. Fourteen patients had two ventricles and three patients had single ventricle. Of seventeen patients, eight patients were alive and nine patients were dead. There was no significant difference in congenital diaphragmatic hernia severity between the alive and dead patients. The patients who survived had two ventricles and received definitive heart repair operations. Although two patients with a functional single ventricle had mild congenital diaphragmatic hernia severity, they were managed using mechanical ventilation management. All of the patients with a functional single ventricle could not undergo Glenn or Fontan operation, and died.
Conclusion: Long-term survival may be expected in the patients with two ventricles. Patients with a functional single ventricle might not survive for a long time if they required ventilation due to the respiratory dysfunction.
A novel therapeutic management for diabetes patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia: comparison of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells versus allogenic Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Arango-Rodríguez Martha L , Mateus Ligia C , Sossa Claudia L , Becerra Silvia M , Solarte-David Víctor Alfonso , Vera Miguel Enrique Ochoa , Viviescas Lady T Giratá , Berrio Ana M Vera , Serrano Sergio Eduardo , Vargas Oliverio , Isla Andrés Catalá , Benitez Alapé , Rangel Germán 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) represents the final stage of peripheral arterial disease. Approximately one-third of patients with CLTI are not eligible for conventional surgical treatments. Furthermore, patients with advanced-stage of CLTI are prone to amputation and death. Thus, an effective therapeutic strategy is urgently needed. In this context, autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell (auto-BM-MNC) and allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells represent a promising therapeutic approach for treating CLTI. In this study, we compared the safety and beneficial therapeutic effect of auto-BM-MNC vs. allogeneic Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (allo-WJ-MSCs) in diabetic patients with CLTI.
Methods
We performed a randomized, prospective, double-blind and controlled pilot study. Twenty-four diabetic patients in the advanced stage of CLTI (4 or 5 in Rutherford’s classification) and a transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2) below 30 mmHg were randomized to receive 15 injections of (i) auto-BM-MNC (7.197x106 ± 2.984 x106 cells/mL) (n=7), (ii) allo-WJ-MSCs (1.333 x106 cells/mL) (n=7) or (iii) placebo solution (1 mL) (n=10), which were administered into the periadventitial layer of the arterial walls under eco-Doppler guidance. The follow-up visits were at months 1, 3, 6, and 12 to evaluate the following parameters: (i) Rutherford’s classification, (ii) TcPO2, (iii) percentage of wound closure, (iv) pain, (v) pain-free walking distance, (vi) revascularization and limb-survival proportion, and (vii) life quality (EQ-5D questionnaire).
Results
No adverse events were reported. Patients with CLTI who received auto-BM-MNC and allo-WJ-MSCs presented an improvement in Rutherford’s classification, a significant increase in TcPO2 values, a reduction in the lesion size in a shorter time, a decrease in the pain score and an increase in the pain-free walking distance, in comparison with the placebo group. In addition, the participants treated with auto-BM-MNC and allo-WJ-MSCs kept their limbs during the follow-up period, unlike the placebo group, which had a marked increase in amputation.
Conclusions
Our results showed that patients with CLTI treated with auto-BM-MNC and allo-WJ-MSCs conserved 100% of their limb compared to the placebo group where 60% of participants underwent limb amputation in different times. Furthermore, we observed a faster improvement in the allo-WJ-MSC group, unlike the auto-BM-MNC group.
during 12 months of the follow-up
Trial registration
The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05631444).
COVID-19 survivors: How pandemic precautions result in lingering discrimination in China
Authors: Li Xiaoguang , Guo Xiaoxian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As the pandemic continues worldwide, do coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors suffer social discrimination or prejudice? Existing scientific studies on COVID-19 survivors focus on the recovery of physical health while paying less attention to mental health and social integration. We investigated whether COVID-19 survivors suffer discrimination in China by examining representative social survey data with an embedded vignette experiment on social interaction in December 2021 during the lockdown in Xi'an (N = 3,046). We found that COVID-19 survivors suffered social discrimination and prejudice. Participants showed significantly lower willingness to socialize with hypothetical COVID-19 survivors. This discrimination effect was pronounced among individuals with high levels of education, social status, and social capital. This is partly due to the scarcity of public knowledge about COVID-19 recovery, which exacerbates the fear of infection in social interactions. Given China’s unique pandemic policies and media environment, the dissemination of information about COVID-19 recovery and risks is crucial, as is the provision of counselling to alleviate the depression and anxiety of COVID-19 survivors.
Genetic diversity and population structure analysis of Paris polyphylla Sm revealed by SSR marker
Authors: Oliya Bal Kumari , Maharjan Lasta , Pant Bijaya 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Paris polyphyllais a threatened medicinal plant with numerous pharmacological effects including prized anticancer phytochemicals. In the present study, the genetic diversity, and population structure of 32P. polyphyllagermplasm collected from natural habitats of three ecological regions Central, Eastern, and Western Nepal was performed using 15 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value of the SSR marker ranged from 0 to 0.75. The value of the average observed heterozygosity (Ho = 0.63) is greater than the expected heterozygosity (He = 0.53) with average total heterozygosity (Ht = 0.32). The molecular variance analysis (AMOVA) revealed high genetic variation within the population (74%) than low genetic variance (26%) among populations. The value of Fst and gene flow were 0.53 and 0.458, respectively. In STRUCTURE analysis 32 germplasm were separated into two populations where Eastern accessions were separated far from Central and western accessions which were also in complete correspondence to the unweighted pair group method based on arithmetic average (UPGMA) phylogenetic tree and principle coordinate (PCoA) analysis. Further, in the UPGMA and PCoA, accessions collected from the same or relatively similar geographic origin were closer. These genetic results are of great significance for scientifically formulating conservation strategies and commercial cultivation for the medicinally important Vernalable plantP. polyphylla.
Hydrochemical assessment of groundwater quality in the Narmada River Basin (Central India)
Authors: Gupta Deepak , Chaudhary Supriya , Singh Anubhuti , Shukla Reetika , Kumar Mishra Virendra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study details the hydrochemical characterization and human health risk assessment of groundwater in the Narmada River Basin. The study was performed based on data collected from 305 groundwater sample stations in the Narmada River Basin. Hydrochemical evaluation illustrated that cationic ions in the upper and middle Narmada Basin were dominated by Ca2+; however, in the lower basin it was dominated by Na+ ions. Similarly, anionic ions were dominated by HCO3− throughout the basin. A Chadha plot drawn from the collected data inferred that most groundwater belonged to the recharge water category (Ca-Mg-HCO3 type). Base-exchange indices of the collected data confirmed the presence of Na+-SO42− type of groundwater. Meteoric genesis indices indicated deep meteoric percolation groundwater. Further, Gibbs plots categorized groundwater samples in the rock dominated section, while chloro-alkaline indices confirmed direct as well as reverse ion-exchange reactions governing groundwater quality. Water Quality Index values showed that groundwater ranged from excellent to very poor. Human health risk of the Narmada River confirmed the non-carcinogenic risk for Nitrate (NO3−) and Fluoride (F−) ions. However, several indices justified that groundwater was ideal for irrigation. However, groundwater treatment is recommended before direct consumption such as drinking.
Extraction of iron from laterite soil and green synthesis of laterite nano iron catalyst (GLaNICs) for its application as Fenton's catalyst in the degradation of triclosan
Authors: K N Rashmishree , S Bhaskar , S Shrihari , Thalla Arun Kumar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Laterite based nano iron particles were synthesized using natural laterite extract as a precursor and Psidium guajava plant extract for its application as Fenton's catalyst in the degradation of triclosan. Chemical digestion method was used for the extraction of iron from laterite soil. Synthesized nano iron catalyst was characterized using SEM-EDS, XRD and FTIR and evaluated for its catalytic application in the Fenton's oxidation of triclosan. Maximum triclosan degradation of 69.5% was observed with nano iron catalyst dosage of 0.1 g/L and hydrogen peroxide dosage of 200 mg/L at acidic pH of 3. Hydrogen peroxide influence on the process was observed with Fenton's oxidation. Role of iron in the process has been accessed by control experiment with no nano catalyst addition in which degradation is considerably low. Fenton's oxidation was compared with conventional Fenton's oxidation driven by a green nano iron catalyst. Study claims the usage of natural laterite iron as a replacement for commercial iron in Fenton's degradation of triclosan. Regeneration and reusability studies on catalyst were studied and synthesized catalyst was observed to be reusable in three consecutive cycles. Degradation of triclosan in Fenton's oxidation follows pseudo-second order reaction with linear fit.
Potential of Angiotensin-(1-7) in COVID-19 Treatment
Authors: Mendoza-Torres Evelyn , Luna Patricia , Fernanda Pérez María , Castellar-Lopez Jairo , Chang Aileen , Montoya Yuliet , Bustamante John , Rosales-Rada Wendy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract:
The new coronavirus currently named SARS-CoV-2 was announced by the World Health
Organization as the virus causing the COVID-19 pandemic. The pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 initiates
upon contact of a structural spike protein with the angiotensin II-converting enzyme receptor,
leading to the induction of inflammatory mechanisms and progression to severe disease in some cases.
Currently, studies have emerged linking COVID-19 with angiotensin-(1-7), demonstrating the potential
of angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas Receptor axis induction to control disease severity due to its antiinflammatory,
vasodilator, antioxidant, antiproliferative, anticoagulant, antiangiogenic and fibrosis
inhibitory effects. The renin angiotensin-system peptide Angiotensin-(1-7) shows a high therapeutic
potential for COVID-19 mainly because of its ability to counteract the adverse effects caused in various
organs due to angiotensin II-converting enzyme blockade. In light of these factors, the use of
convalescent plasma conjugated therapy and Ang (1-7) agonists for the treatment of COVID-19 patients
could be recommended. The differential expression of ACE2 and the varied response to SARSCoV-
2 are thought to be connected. According to several investigations, ACE2 antibodies and pharmacological
inhibitors might be used to prevent viral entry. Given its capacity to eliminate the virus
while ensuring lung and cardiovascular protection by regulating the inflammatory response, angiotensin-(
1-7) is expected to be a safe choice. However, more clinical evidence is required to clarify the
therapeutic usage of this peptide. The aim of this review article is to present an update of scientific
data and clinical trials on the therapeutic potential of angiotensin-(1-7) in patients with COVID-19.
Construction of lncRNA-ceRNA Networks to Reveal the Potential Role of
Lfng/Notch1 Signaling Pathway in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Yu Wanpeng , Wang Man , Zhang Yuan 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) develops through a complex pathological process,
in which many genes play a synergistic or antagonistic role. LncRNAs represent a kind of noncoding
RNA, which can regulate gene expression at the epigenetic, transcriptional and posttranscriptional
levels. Multiple lncRNAs have been found to have important regulatory functions in
AD. Thus, their expression patterns, targets and functions should be explored as therapeutic targets.

Methods:
We used deep RNA-seq analysis to detect the dysregulated lncRNAs in the hippocampus
of APP/PS1 mice. We performed Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
(KEGG) analyses to predict the biological roles and potential signaling pathways of dysregulated
lncRNAs. Finally, we constructed lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-mRNA co-expression
networks to reveal the potential regulator roles in AD pathogenesis.

Results:
Our findings revealed 110 significantly dysregulated lncRNAs. GO and KEGG annotations
showed the dysregulated lncRNAs to be closely related to the functions of axon and protein digestion
and absorption. The lncRNA-mRNA network showed that 19 lncRNAs regulated App, Prnp, Fgf10
and Il33, while 5 lncRNAs regulated Lfng via the lncRNA-miR-3102-3p-Lfng axis. Furthermore, we
preliminarily demonstrated the important regulatory role of the Lfng/Notch1 signaling pathway
through lncRNA-ceRNA networks in AD.

Conclusion:
We revealed the important regulatory roles of dysregulated lncRNAs in the etiopathogenesis
of AD through lncRNA expression profiling. Our results showed that the mechanism involves
the regulation of the Lfng/Notch1 signaling pathway.
Pharmacological Management of Dysphagia in Patients with Alzheimer’s
Disease: A Narrative Review
Authors: Li Chien-Hsun , Hsieh Sun-Wung , Huang Poyin , Liu Hsiu-Yueh , Chen Chun-Hung , Hung Chih-Hsing 
Published: December 2022

Abstract:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dysphagia are important health and socioeconomic problems
in the aging population. Currently, the medical treatment of dysphagia in AD patients remains insufficient,
and there are significant gaps in the management and clinical needs to postpone tube feeding.
Literatures published over the last 30 years were searched in the PubMed and Embase databases. All
relevant and promising pharmacological management studies were included. Because of the heterogeneity
in design and methodology, only narrative reports were mentioned. Nine studies were included
with two case reports, two case series, and two observational and three randomized controlled trials.
The key approaches and clinical problems related to dysphagia include onset pattern, dementia stage,
review of offending drugs and polypharmacy, and comorbidities (cerebrovascular disease, hypertension,
parkinsonism, depression, and anorexia). The corresponding strategies of pharmacological treatments
are further proposed and discussed comprehensively, with transient receptor potential channel
modulators as promising treatment. With the integration of adequate and potential pharmacomanagement,
AD patients with dysphagia can achieve a good prognosis and postpone tube feeding to maintain
a better quality of life. More rigorous studies are needed to verify the effectiveness of innovative strategies
and develop targets for neurostimulation.