bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population pharmacokinetics of riociguat in a pediatric population (aged ≥ 6 years) with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Willmann Stefan , Keller Andrea Kerstin , Meyer Michaela , van der Mey Dorina , Wirsching Gabriela , Zhang Yang , Drenth Henk‐Jan , Keunecke Anne , Vendel Esmée , Saleh Soundos 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe PATENT‐CHILD study investigated riociguat in children aged ≥ 6 to <18 years with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) treated with tablets or an oral pediatric suspension based on bodyweight‐adjusted dosing of up to 2.5 mg three times daily. PATENT‐CHILD demonstrated an acceptable riociguat safety profile and individual plasma concentrations in pediatric patients were consistent with those in adult patients.MethodsUsing the data set from PATENT‐CHILD and building on existing population pharmacokinetic (PK) models for riociguat and its major metabolite (M1) in adults with PAH, a coupled riociguat–M1 PK model was developed. The final model developed incorporated a one‐compartment model for riociguat, coupled to a one‐compartment model for M1, allowing for presystemic formation of M1. It included allometric scaling exponents for bodyweight.ResultsApparent clearance of riociguat was similar in children and adult patients with PAH (median [interquartile range] 2.20 [1.75–3.44] and 2.08 L/h [1.55–2.97]). Factors contributing to lower PK exposure were lower riociguat maintenance dose in PATENT‐CHILD, and a higher riociguat clearance in some adolescent patients, compared with adult patients. No effects of formulation, sex, or age on riociguat PK were observed. An exploratory PK/pharmacodynamics analysis found the increase in 6‐min walking distance in pediatric patients treated with riociguat was not related to riociguat PK.ConclusionsBody size is the main determinant of PK in growing children, and the model supports clinical data that, for children weighing < 50 kg, a bodyweight‐adjusted dose of riociguat should be used to achieve a similar exposure to that observed in adults with PAH.
Investigation of The Effect of Acylthiourea Derivatives on Diabetes‐Associated Enzymes
Authors: Ertano Bükre Yaren , Demir Yeliz , Nural Yahya , Erdoğan Orhan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOne of the most prevalent chronic metabolic disorders, diabetes mellitus, is defined by chronic hyperglycemia and the emergence of microvascular and macrovascular pathology unique to diabetes. Several diabetes problems are primarily caused by persistent hyperglycemia. In this study, aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) enzymes were purified using chromatographic techniques from sheep kidneys and α‐glycosidase purchased commercially. The inhibitory effect of seven acylthiourea compounds on the activity of these enzymes associated with diabetes was investigated. As a result of the studies, the acyl thioureas showed an inhibition effect at the micromolar level on the activity of studied enzymes. The most active compound dimethyl 1‐((4‐methoxybenzoyl)carbamothioyl)‐5,5‐diphenylpyrrolidine‐2,4‐dicarboxylate (2 c) had an excellent selectivity on AR with Ki: 0.200±0.024 μM and dimethyl 1‐((2,4‐dichlorobenzoyl)carbamothioyl)‐5,5‐diphenylpyrrolidine‐2,4‐dicarboxylate (2 g) on SDH and α‐glycosidase with Ki: 0.114±0.01 μM and Ki: 055±0.01 μM, respectively. The findings suggest that our study will contribute to the development of innovative and/or alternative treatment strategies in the treatment of diabetes in the future since acylthiourea compounds have an effective inhibition capacity on critical enzymes associated with diabetes.
Hemoglobin Nanocrystals for Drugs Free, Synergistic Theranostics of Colon Tumor
Authors: Zhou Renbin , Xu Hao , Qu Junle , Ohulchanskyy Tymish Y. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe conventional approach in cancer nanomedicine involves advanced drug nanocarriers delivering preloaded therapeutics to targeted tumor sites to maximize drug efficiency. However, both cancer drugs and nanocarriers inevitably produce side effects and systemic toxicity. Herein, hemoglobin nanocrystals (HbC) as drug‐free theranostic nanoformulations with the tumor microenvironment (TME) activated diagnostic and therapeutic abilities towards colon tumors are introduced. HbC can release Fe2+ oxidized to Fe3+ in the Fenton reaction with tumor endogenous H2O2, concurrently with the generation of cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH) that allow for chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Furthermore, in situ‐produced Fe3+ reacts with colon tumor‐abundant H2S, resulting in the production of Fe1−xS, which provides magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast and allows for NIR light‐inducible photothermal therapy (PTT). In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that HbC produced CDT towards 4T1 tumors, and MRI‐guided, synergistically enhanced combination of CDT and PTT against H2S abundant colon tumors (CT26), with negligible toxicity towards normal tissues, enlightening HbC as highly efficient and biocompatible TME activated theranostic nanoplatform specific against colon cancer without any traditional drugs and drug carriers.
Graphene Coated Dielectric Hierarchical Nanostructures for Highly Sensitive Broadband Infrared Sensing
Authors: Xia‐Hou Yu‐Jiao , Yu Yu , Zheng Jun‐Rong , Yi Jun , Zhou Jing , Qin Ting‐Xiao , You En‐Ming , Chen Hai‐Long , Ding Song‐Yuan , Zhang Li , Chang Kai‐Li , Chen Ke , Moskovits Martin , Tian Zhong‐Qun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBroadband infrared (IR) absorption is sought after for wide range of applications. Graphene can support IR plasmonic waves tightly bound to its surface, leading to an intensified near‐field. However, the excitation of graphene plasmonic waves usually relies on resonances. Thus, it is still difficult to directly obtain both high near‐field intensity and high absorption rate in ultra‐broad IR band. Herein, a novel method is proposed to directly realize high near‐field intensity in broadband IR band by graphene coated manganous oxide microwires featured hierarchical nanostructures (HNSs‐MnO@Gr MWs) both experimentally and theoretically. Both near‐field intensity and IR absorption of HNSs‐MnO@Gr MWs are enhanced by at least one order of magnitude compared to microwires with smooth surfaces. The results demonstrate that the HNSs‐MnO@Gr MWs support vibrational sensing of small organic molecules, covering the whole fingerprint region and function group region. Compared with the graphene‐flake‐based enhancers, the signal enhancement factors reach a record high of 103. Furthermore, just a single HNSs‐MnO@Gr MW can be constructed to realize sensitively photoresponse with high responsivity (over 3000 V W−1) from near‐IR to mid‐IR. The graphene coated dielectric hierarchical micro/nanoplatform with enhanced near‐field intensity is scalable and can harness for potential applications including spectroscopy, optoelectronics, and sensing.
KREP2Se6 (RE = Sm, Gd, Tb): The First Rare‐Earth Selenophosphates with Remarkable Nonlinear Optical Activities Realized by Synergistic Effect of RE‐ and P‐Based Motifs
Authors: Chen Zi‐Xia , Zhao Chen‐Yi , Li Xiao‐Hui , Yao Wen‐Dong , Liu Wenlong , Guo Sheng‐Ping 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRare‐earth (RE) chalcogenides have been extensively studied as infrared nonlinear optical (NLO) materials because of their nice integrated performances; however, very few RE chalcophosphates are involved for this topic. Here, three quaternary RE selenophosphates, KSmP2Se6 (1), KGdP2Se6 (2), and KTbP2Se6 (3), are profoundly studied for their NLO potentials. Their noncentrosymmetric P21 structures feature RESe8‐bicapped trigonal prisms and ethane‐like [P2Se6]4− dimers built {[REP2Se6]−}∞ layers. As the first studied NLO‐active RE selenophosphates, 1–3 exhibit second harmonic generation (SHG)responses ≈0.34–1.08 × AgGaS2 at 2.10 µm and laser‐induced damage thresholds (LIDTs) ≈1.43–4.33 × AgGaS2, and they all show phase‐matchable behaviors, indicating their wonderful balanced NLO properties. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the synergistic effect between RESe8 and P2Se6 units makes the major contribution to the SHG responses.
SeeMe: An intelligent edge server selection method for location‐aware business task computing over IIoT
Authors: Dou Wanchun , Liu Bowen , Duan Jirun , Dai Fei , Qi Lianyong , Xu Xiaolong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the past few years, latency‐sensitive task computing over the industrial internet of things (IIoT) has played a key role in an increasing number of intelligent applications, such as intelligent self‐driving vehicles and unmanned aircraft systems. The edge computing paradigm provides a basic functional infrastructure for across‐domain business task computing on distributed edge servers. With this observation, a trade‐off between the mobile devices and the fixed edge servers is needed to run moving task computing in a low‐latency way. Given this challenge, an intelligent server selection method, named SeeMe, is proposed in this paper. Technically speaking, this method aims at minimizing the communication capacity and the transferring capacity in a multiobjective optimization way to find a low‐latency edge server. The experiments and comparison analysis verify the availability of our method.
Ternary magnesium gallides – synthesis, crystal chemistry and properties of CaMgGa, SrMgGa, BaMgGa and YbMgGa
Authors: Reimann Maximilian Kai , Kohlmann Holger , Matar Samir F. , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe gallides CaMgGa, SrMgGa, BaMgGa and YbMgGa were synthesized from the elements in sealed tantalum ampoules in muffle furnaces. The phase purity of the samples was checked by powder X‐ray diffraction. CaMgGa and YbMgGa crystallize with the ZrNiAl type structure, space group P
2m, whereas SrMgGa and BaMgGa adopt an ordering variant of the Cu2Sb/PbFCl type, space group P4/nmm. The structures of SrMg0.884(7)Ga1.116(7) (a=459.23(9), c=792.43(12) pm, wR2=0.0371, 226 F2 values, 11 variables) and YbMgGa (a=774.55(7), c=411.95(4) pm, wR2=0.0329, 342 F2 values, 15 variables) were refined from single crystal X‐ray diffractometer data. Refinement of the occupancy parameters indicated a small degree of Mg/Ga mixing on the 2a site for the strontium compound. The [MgGa] substructures in both compounds are composed of condensed Mg@Ga4 tetrahedra with 4×287 pm Mg−Ga in SrMg0.884Ga1.116 vs 2×282 and 2×296 pm in YbMgGa. The SrMgGa structure has a stacking of layers of edge‐sharing Mg@Ga4 and Sr4 tetrahedra. Electronic structure calculations indicate a net charge transfer from strontium and magnesium to gallium. YbMgGa completes the series of REMgGa gallides. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility studies reveal weak Pauli paramagnetism, confirming divalent ytterbium.
Is impaired lung function related to spinal deformities in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis? A systematic review and meta-analysis—SOSORT 2019 award paper
Authors: Kan Mandy M. P. , Negrini Stefano , Di Felice Francesca , Cheung Jason P. Y. , Donzelli Sabrina , Zaina Fabio , Samartzis Dino , Cheung Esther T. C. , Wong Arnold Y. L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Some teenagers with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) display compromised lung function. However, the evidence regarding the relations between pulmonary impairments and various spinal deformity parameters in these patients remains unclear, which affects clinical management. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the associations between various lung function parameters and radiographic features in teenagers with AIS.

Methods
A search of PubMed, Embase, PEDro, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO (from inception to March 14, 2022) without language restriction. Original studies reporting the associations between lung function and spinal deformity in patients with AIS were selected. Independent reviewers extracted data and evaluated the methodological quality of the included studies according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Pearson correlation and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using random-effects meta-analysis.

Results
Twenty-seven studies involving 3162 participants were included. Limited-quality evidence supported that several spinal parameters were significantly related to lung function parameters (e.g., absolute value and percent of the predicted forced vital capacity (FVC; %FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1; %FEV1), and total lung capacity (TLC; %TLC)) in AIS patients. Specifically, meta-analyses showed that main thoracic Cobb angles in the coronal plane were significantly and negatively related to FVC (r =  − 0.245), %FVC (r =  − 0.302), FEV1 (r =  − 0.232), %FEV1 (r =  − 0.348), FEV1/FVC ratio (r =  − 0.166), TLC (r =  − 0.302), %TLC (r =  − 0.183), and percent predicted vital capacity (r =  − 0.272) (p < 0.001). Similarly, thoracic apical vertebral rotation was negatively associated with %FVC (r =  − 0.215) and %TLC (r =  − 0.126) (p < 0.05). Conversely, thoracic kyphosis angles were positively related to %FVC (r = 0.180) and %FEV1 (r = 0.193) (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Larger thoracic Cobb angles, greater apical vertebral rotation angle, or hypokyphosis were significantly associated with greater pulmonary impairments in patients with AIS, although the evidence was limited. From a clinical perspective, the results highlight the importance of minimizing the three-dimensional spinal deformity in preserving lung function in these patients. More research is warranted to confirm these results.
Minimizing the expected waiting time of emergency jobs
Authors: Schulz Arne , Fliedner Malte 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe consider a scheduling problem where a set of known jobs needs to be assigned to a set of given parallel resources such that the expected waiting time for a set of uncertain emergency jobs is kept as small as possible. On the basis of structural insights from queuing theory, we develop deterministic scheduling policies that reserve resource capacity in order to increase the likelihood of resource availability whenever an emergency job arrives. Applications of this particular scheduling problem are, for instance, found in the field of surgical operations scheduling in hospitals, where high-priority but uncertain emergencies compete for scarce operating room capacity with elective surgeries of lower priority. We compare our approaches with other policies from the literature in a comprehensive simulation study of a surgical operations unit.
Use of regional transmural agreements to support the right care in the right place for patients with chronic heart failure—a qualitative study
Authors: Auener Stefan L. , Jeurissen Patrick P. T. , Lok Dirk J. A. , van Duijn Huug J. , van Pol Petra E. J. , Westert Gert P. , van Dulmen Simone A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Chronic heart failure (CHF) poses a major challenge for healthcare systems. As these patients’ needs vary over time in intensity and complexity, the coordination of care between primary and secondary care is critical for them to receive the right care in the right place. To support the continuum of care needed, Dutch regional transmural agreements (RTAs) between healthcare providers have been developed. However, little is known about how the stakeholders have experienced the development and use of these RTAs. The aim of this study was to gain insight into how stakeholders have experienced the development and use of RTAs for CHF and explore which factors affected this.

Methods
We interviewed 25 stakeholders from 9 Dutch regions based on the Measurement Instrument for Determinants of Innovations framework. Interview recordings were transcribed verbatim and analysed through open thematic coding.

Results
In most cases, the RTA development was considered relatively easy. However, the participants noted that sustainable use of the RTAs faced different complexities and influencing factors. These barriers concerned the following themes: education of primary care providers, referral process, patients’ willingness, relationships between healthcare providers, reimbursement by health insurance companies, electronic health record (EHR) systems and outcomes.

Conclusion
Some complexities, such as reimbursement and EHR systems, are likely to benefit from specialised support or a national approach. On a regional level, interregional learning can improve stakeholders’ experiences. Future research should focus on quantitative effects of RTAs on outcomes and potential financing models for projects that aim to transition care from one setting to another.
The Myth of the Lone Judge: Comparing International Judicial Bureaucracies
Authors: Soave Tommaso 
Published: December 2022

In “Who Guards the ‘Guardians of the System’? The Role of the Secretariat in WTO Dispute Settlement,” Joost Pauwelyn and Krzysztof Pelc describe, in rich detail, the pervasive involvement of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Secretariat in the resolution of trade disputes.1 The authors conclude, rather emphatically, that the Secretariat “exerts more influence over dispute settlement proceedings than the staff of any comparable . . . tribunal.”2 In my view, this conclusion is somewhat misleading, as it portrays the WTO as “exceptional” or “sui generis”3 among international courts. In fact, the invisible army of legal bureaucrats (clerks, registry and secretariat lawyers, arbitral assistants, etc.) plays a “critically important”4 part across the whole field of international adjudication. What is missing is a comparative analysis of the power those bureaucrats wield in different judicial regimes. In this Essay, I outline a basic framework for the comparison, focusing on two main factors: first, the organizational and contractual arrangements that govern the relationship of international judges and bureaucrats; second, the relative distribution of expertise and capital between the two.
The impact of market integration on arranged marriages in Matlab, Bangladesh
Authors: Schaffnit S.B. , Page A. E. , Lynch R. , Spake L. , Sear R. , Sosis R. , Shaver J. , Alam N. , Towner M.C. , Shenk M. K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSuccess in marriage markets has lasting impacts on women's wellbeing. By arranging marriages, parents exert financial and social powers to influence spouse characteristics and ensure optimal marriages. While arranging marriages is a major focus of parental investment, marriage decisions are also a source of conflict between parents and daughters in which parents often have more power. The process of market integration may alter parental investment strategies, however, increasing children's bargaining power and reducing parents’ influence over children's marriage decisions. We use data from a market integrating region of Bangladesh to (a) describe temporal changes in marriage types, (b) identify which women enter arranged marriages and (c) determine how market integration affects patterns of arranged marriage. Most women's marriages were arranged, with love marriages more recent. We found few predictors of who entered arranged vs. love marriages, and family-level market integration did not predict marriage type at the individual level. However, based on descriptive findings, and findings relating women's and fathers’ education to groom characteristics, we argue that at the society-level market integration has opened a novel path in which daughters use their own status, gained via parental investments, to facilitate good marriages under conditions of reduced parental assistance or control.
Gut physiology meets microbiome science
Authors: Daniel Hannelore 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Research on the gut microbiome has gained high popularity and almost every disease has meanwhile been linked to alterations in microbiome composition. Typically assessed via stool samples, the microbiome displays a huge diversity with a multitude of environmental parameters already identified as contributing to its character. Despite impressive scientific progress, normal microbiome diversity remains largely unexplained and it is tempting to speculate some of the yet unexplained variance is hidden in normal gut physiology. Although a few genome/phenome-wide associations studies have recently highlighted physiological parameters such as stool frequency, known as contributing to microbiome diversity, there is a large knowledge base from decades of basic research on gut functions that can be explored for possible links to stool features and microbiome characteristics. And, when extrapolating findings from faecal samples to the biology in the intestinal lumen or the mucosal microenvironment, gut anatomy and physiology features need to be considered. Similarly, differences in anatomy and physiology between rodents and humans need attention when discussing findings in animals in relation to human physiology and nutrition.
Extended distribution of Kandelia candel along the coast of Andhra Pradesh, India – taxonomic identification with molecular confirmation
Authors: Pranav P. , George Grinson , Ranith R. , Nandini Menon N. , Gopalakrishnan A. , Shameem U. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe paper describes the first report of Kandelia candel (Rhizophoraceae), a rare mangrove from Bhavanapadu, a coastal village in Srikakulam district in Andhra Pradesh, India. This species is relatively less abundant along the east coast of India. During our study covering all the 41 mangrove patches in the state of Andhra Pradesh, 16 mangrove species were observed throughout the state and the Kandelia candel was seen only in Bhavanapadu (patch 2). The plant sighted was identified using taxonomic keys and confirmed using DNA barcoding. The identified specimen is deposited in the museum repository at ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), Kochi (accession no. MB.1.1.1.1) and its gene sequence is deposited in National Center for Biotechnological Information (NCBI) (accession no. MH243746). Patch 2 where K. candel was observed is separated away from the other clusters in the principal component one, with the patch showing an average dissimilarity of about 71.79% from the other patches. K. candel is a mangrove highly sensitive to changes in salinity. The presence of a lone member of a rare species in the state at the sampling location raises questions on its endurance in the region. The study underlines the relevance of monitoring the mangroves and advocate adequate conservation measures for proper protection, proliferation and management of this globally dwindling resource.
The effect of psychological bias on public officials’ attitudes towards the implementation of policy instruments: evidence from survey experiments
Authors: Liu Bingsheng , Qin Zengqiang , Zhang Jinfeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs implementers, public officials have historically enjoyed substantial influence in the public policy process, but little attention has been paid to the effect of psychological elements on their attitudes towards implementing policy instruments. The authors argue that from a behavioural public administration perspective, public officials’ attitudes towards implementing certain policy instruments are not rational, but instead biased. Using two survey experiments on 1,024 Chinese public officials, this study examines the cognitive and motivational bias of public officials’ attitudes towards implementing policy instruments. The findings indicate that when public officials are presented with risk information in a negative framing, they are more reluctant to implement indirect policy instruments than direct ones, and this phenomenon becomes more pronounced when their public interest orientation is activated, rather than their personal interest orientation. The findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of the effect of psychological biases on public officials’ attitudes towards policy implementation.