bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Content and delivery of pre-operative interventions for patients undergoing total knee replacement: a rapid review
Authors: Anderson Anna M. , Drew Benjamin T. , Antcliff Deborah , Redmond Anthony C. , Comer Christine , Smith Toby O. , McHugh Gretl A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Total knee replacement (TKR) is a common operation typically performed for end-stage knee osteoarthritis. Patients awaiting TKR often have poor health-related quality of life. Approximately 20% of patients experience persistent pain post-TKR. Pre-operative TKR interventions could improve pre- and post-operative outcomes, but future research is required to inform their design. This review aimed to identify and synthesize recent literature on the content and delivery of pre-operative TKR interventions to help guide future research and clinical practice.

Methods
This rapid review included randomized trials of pre-operative TKR interventions (“outcomes studies”) and primary studies exploring patients’ and/or health professionals’ views of pre-operative TKR interventions (“views studies”). Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for English language studies published between January 2009 and December 2020. Eligible studies’ reference lists were screened. Studies were appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. The findings were narratively synthesized using a convergent segregated approach.

Results
From 3263 records identified, 52 studies were included (29 outcomes studies, 21 views studies, two outcomes/views studies). The studies’ methodological quality varied but was generally highest in qualitative studies. The outcomes studies investigated education (n=5), exercise (n=20), psychological (n=2), lifestyle (n=1), and/or other interventions (n=5). The views studies addressed education (n=20), exercise (n=3), psychological (n=1), lifestyle (n=4), and/or other interventions (n=1). Only three outcomes studies (two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and a pilot study) compared the effectiveness of intervention components/delivery approaches. The two RCTs’ results suggest that pre-operative TKR exercise interventions are equally effective regardless of whether they include strength or strength plus balance training and whether they are hospital- or home-based. Personal tailoring and using more than one delivery format were associated with improved outcomes and/or perceived as beneficial for multiple intervention types.

Conclusions
Definitive evidence on the optimal design of pre-operative TKR interventions is lacking. Personal tailoring and employing multiple delivery formats appear to be valuable design elements. Preliminary evidence suggests that including balance training and hospital versus home delivery may not be critical design elements for pre-operative TKR exercise interventions.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42019143248

Funder
National Institute for Health and Care Research (ICA-CDRF-2018-04-ST2-006).
Systematic review of the utility of the frailty index and frailty phenotype to predict all-cause mortality in older people
Authors: Kim Dani J. , Massa M. Sofia , Potter Caroline M. , Clarke Robert , Bennett Derrick A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundCurrent guidelines for healthcare of community-dwelling older people advocate screening for frailty to predict adverse health outcomes, but there is no consensus on the optimum instrument to use in such settings. The objective of this systematic review of population studies was to compare the ability of the frailty index (FI) and frailty phenotype (FP) instruments to predict all-cause mortality in older people.MethodsStudies published before 27 July 2022 were identified using Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL databases. The eligibility criteria were population-based prospective studies of community-dwelling older adults (aged 65 years or older) and evaluation of both the FI and FP for prediction of all-cause mortality. The Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network’s Methodology checklist was used to assess study quality. The areas under the receiver operator characteristic curves (AUC) were compared, and the proportions of included studies that achieved acceptable discriminatory power (AUC>0.7) were calculated for each frailty instrument. The results were stratified by the use of continuous or categorical formats of each instrument. The review was reported in accordance with the PRISMA and SWiM guidelines.ResultsAmong 8 studies (range: 909 to 7713 participants), both FI and FP had comparable predictive power for all-cause mortality. The AUC values ranged from 0.66 to 0.84 for FI continuous, 0.60 to 0.80 for FI categorical, 0.63 to 0.80 for FP continuous and 0.57 to 0.79 for FP categorical. The proportion of studies achieving acceptable discriminatory power were 75%, 50%, 63%, and 50%, respectively. The predictive ability of each frailty instrument was unaltered by the number of included items.ConclusionsDespite differences in their content, both the FI and FP instruments had modest but comparable ability to predict all-cause mortality. The use of continuous rather than categorical formats in either instrument enhanced their ability to predict all-cause mortality.
Evaluation of the root system of Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides L. Roberty) using different sampling methods
Authors: Holanda Francisco Sandro Rodrigues , Santos Luiz Diego Vidal , Pedrotti Alceu , de Araújo Filho Renisson Neponuceno , Sartor Lucas Resmini , Santos-Sobrinho Valter Rubens Alcantara , de Jesus Rayssa Juliane Souza , de Oliveira Silva Priscila Angel , Andrade Keila Maria Araújo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides L. Roberty) is one of the most studied and applied species in soil bioengineering techniques all over the world, but there are technical information related to its root system deserving a better comprehension provided by different methodologies’. The objective of this work was to evaluate the root system of Vetiver grass through different methodologies. The trench method evaluated 50 images in 10 × 10 cm squares in its vertical face. The volumetric ring method uses a metallic ring with a volume of 50 cm3 (diameter ≅ 4.6 cm and height ≅ 3.0 cm) to collect samples in the same trench’s vertical face. A hand auger hole method worked with soil samples and roots removed from the surface up to 0.50 m depth. The monolith method comprises a 0.50 m wide, 0.50 m long, and 1 m deep monolith. A spatial correlation between root volume and root area was observed in the kriging maps by the volumetric ring method.

Results
The root area values for both the volumetric ring method and the hand auger hole method were similar, up to 0.10 to 0.20 m. On the analyzed variables, the root area showed the best correlation coefficient among the root methods, especially those that use the limited spatial distribution by its sampling collection, such as the volumetric ring method and the hand auger hole method (r = 0.526, p < 0.05).

Conclusions
The studied methods can be separated in different groups, such as those that provide more detailed information on the behavior and distribution of the root system, like trench and monolith methods and the methods that better describe the morphological characteristics of the features, like the volumetric ring method. Both require greater spatial coverage, and therefore have greater precision.
Phytogenic feed additives alleviate pathogenic Escherichia coli-induced intestinal damage through improving barrier integrity and inhibiting inflammation in weaned pigs
Authors: Chang Se Yeon , Song Min Ho , Lee Ji Hwan , Oh Han Jin , Kim Yong Ju , An Jae Woo , Go Young Bin , Song Dong Cheol , Cho Hyun Ah. , Cho Seung Yeol , Kim Dong Jun , Kim Mi Suk , Kim Hyeun Bum , Cho Jin Ho 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of each phytogenic feed additive (PFA; PFA1, bitter citrus extract; PFA2, a microencapsulated blend of thymol and carvacrol; PFA3, a mixture of bitter citrus extract, thymol, and carvacrol; PFA4, a premixture of grape seed, grape marc extract, green tea, and hops; PFA5, fenugreek seed powder) on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, and immune response in weaned pigs infected withEscherichia coli(E. coli).ResultsA total of 63 4-week-old weaned pigs were placed in individual metabolic cages and assigned to seven treatment groups. The seven treatments were as follows: 1) NC; basal diet withoutE. colichallenge, 2) PC; basal diet withE. colichallenge, 3) T1; PC + 0.04% PFA1, 4) T2; PC + 0.01% PFA2, 5) T3; PC + 0.10% PFA3, 6) T4; PC + 0.04% PFA4, 7) T5; PC + 0.10% PFA5. The experiments lasted in 21 d, including 7 d before and 14 d after the firstE. colichallenge. In theE. colichallenge treatments, all pigs were orally inoculated by dividing a total of 10 mL ofE. coliF18 for 3 consecutive days. The PFA-added groups significantly increased (P < 0.05) average daily gain and feed efficiency and decreased (P < 0.05) the fecal score at d 0 to 14 post-inoculation (PI). Tumor necrosis factor α was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the PFA-added groups except for T1 in d 14 PI compared to the PC treatment. The T3 had a higher (P < 0.05) immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A concentration compared to the PC treatment at d 7 PI. Also, T3 showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) villus height:crypt depth and claudin 1 expression in ileal mucosa, and significantly down-regulated (P < 0.05) the expression of calprotectin compared to the PC treatment.ConclusionsSupplementation of PFA in weaned pigs challenged withE. colialleviated the negative effects ofE. coliand improved growth performance. Among them, the mixed additive of bitter citrus extract, thymol, and carvacrol showed the most effective results, improving immune response, intestinal morphology, and expression of tight junctions.
Supportive climates and science achievement in the Nordic countries: lessons learned from the 2015 PISA study
Authors: Rohatgi Anubha , Hatlevik Ove E. , Björnsson Julius K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTeacher-student interactions are crucial in understanding the role of a supportive climate in instructional practices. The present study investigates the perceptions of 15-year-old Nordic students regarding four aspects of their science class: teacher support, fairness, feedback, and class discipline. Multilevel modelling analysis is used to examine the extent to which a perceived supportive climate can explain variation in the Nordic students’ science achievements. Overall, the main findings based on The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2015 data from Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden indicate that at the student level, perceived feedback from teachers and students perceiving their teachers as fair explains significant variations in science achievement. The study provides practical and theoretical implications about the importance of strong teacher-student relationships in comprehending the concept of a supportive climate.
Reply to “Comment on ‘Soil salinity assessment by using near-infrared channel and Vegetation Soil Salinity Index derived from Landsat 8 OLI data: a case study in the Tra Vinh Province, Mekong Delta, Vietnam’ by Kim-Anh Nguyen, Yuei-An Liou, Ha-Phuong Tran, Phi-Phung Hoang and Thanh-Hung Nguyen”
Authors: Nguyen Kim-Anh , Liou Yuei-An , Tran Ha-Phuong , Hoang Phi-Phung , Nguyen Thanh-Hung 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Vietnamese Mekong Delta has been devastatingly impacted by climate change coupled with sea level rise and natural hazards. As a result, salinity intrusion has become a pressing issue in the coastal provinces of the Mekong Delta in recent years. This environmental problem has called a great attention from the global scientists as demonstrated by the paper Nguyen et al. (Prog Earth Planet Sci 7:1, 2020. 10.1186/s40645-019-0311-0) “Soil salinity assessment by using an indicator derived from Landsat 8 OLI data: A case study in the Tra Vinh, Mekong Delta, Vietnam” (reached 27 k accesses as of July 31, 2022). Recently, Silvestri et al. (PEPS, 2022) have commented on Nguyen et al. (2020) article with three main points highlighted: (1) Within the coastal portion of the Mekong Delta, extensively ponded due to widespread shrimp farming, about 90% of Landsat 8 pixels are fully or partially covered by water so that Landsat 8 OLI spatial resolution is not suitable to distinguish between ponded and non-ponded areas; (2) The decreased near-infrared (NIR) reflectance ascribed to increased soil salinity is instead due to the presence of water in Landsat 8 mixed pixels; and (3) NIR reflectance is equally reduced independently of whether the water ponding area is salt or freshwater. We appreciate Silvestri et al. (2022) for their correspondence regarding our 2020 article (Nguyen et al. 2020) where we showed the capacity of using freely accessible Landsat 8 OLI image for the rapid soil salinity detection at the top soil layer in the agricultural land that is of valuable information for agricultural activities. We conducted field survey and collected the soil samples during the dry season at different agricultural soil types. Notably, the soil samples were collected at the same time with the satellite passing over the study area. The soil salinity derived from Landsat 8 is in line with the analysis from in situ data and consistent with the findings of previous studies. Importantly, two points are stressed in this reply: (1) The goal of our study is to utilize the freely accessible data source with rapid method of mapping soil salinity to investigate the salinity in the agricultural land, but not in the water body. Therefore, it has been a serious mistake to state that 90% of Landsat 8 pixels are fully or partially covered by water as claimed in Silvestri et al. (2022); and (2) The Tra Vinh Province has recorded the highest salinity level normally in March or April every year when the rainfall exhibits the lowest of the year, and at this time, most of the water in the river/canal is affected by saline intrusion. Thus, it is advised that Silvestri et al. (2022) should use the images acquired in March or April rather than random months.
Can neuro-oncology teaching contribute to educate medical doctors better? A reflection on the value of neuro-oncology for student teaching
Authors: Mäurer Matthias A. , Mäurer Irina , Kamp Marcel A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNeuro-oncology, with its various conservative, surgical, and interventional disciplines, is ideally suited to teach basic knowledge, skills, and attitudes important to medical practice in general. However, training is less about teaching specific treatment protocols and more about fostering skills for interdisciplinary collaboration, development of treatment recommendations, communication skills, and an ethical stance. To adequately teach this content, new and innovative formats are needed to test and learn high levels of student interaction, communication, and collaboration.New teaching concepts such as inverted teaching formats as well as the use of modern media technology can be helpful to improve networking between disciplines and to improve the quality of medical education.
Sardinian dietary analysis for longevity: a review of the literature
Authors: Wang Chaoyue , Murgia Marco A. , Baptista José , Marcone Massimo F. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSardinia is one of the five Longevity Blue Zones (LBZs) in the world. Compared to other LBZs, the percentage of male centenarians in Sardinia is much higher. Due to the island’s isolation, the genetic traits of Sardinian people have shown that they are direct descendants of their Nuragic ancestors from the Neolithic era. To survive during times of food scarcity, many “famine foods” are created; acorn bread containing clay, cheese ripened in goat abomasum, and soft cheese with worms are examples of these uncommon foods. Although considered food taboo by the outside world, they are cherished as cultural heritage and local delicacy. Studies have shown that Sardinian longevity is closely related to their special famine foods. They are not only nutritious; the production of these foods resulted in low stress and increased lifespan. Moreover, local food production practices have resulted in a strong cultural bond and helped the Sardinian people to survive cultural erosion from industrialization and modernization.
The effect of Nickel hypersensitivity on the outcome of total knee arthroplasty and the value of skin patch testing: a systematic review
Authors: Peacock C. J. H. , Fu H. , Asopa V. , Clement N. D. , Kader D. , Sochart D. H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
To assess the Nickel sensitizing potential of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), explore the relationship between hypersensitivity and clinical outcomes, and evaluate the utility of skin patch testing pre- and/or postoperatively.

Materials and methods
A literature search was performed through EMBASE, Medline and PubMed databases. Articles were screened independently by two investigators. The level of evidence of studies was assessed using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Criteria and the quality evaluated using the Methodological Index for Non-randomized Studies and Cochrane risk-of-bias tools.

Results
Twenty studies met the eligibility criteria, reporting on 1354 knee arthroplasties. Studies included patients undergoing primary or revision TKA, pre- and/or postoperatively, and used patch testing to identify Nickel hypersensitivity. Prevalence of Nickel hypersensitivity ranged from 0% to 87.5%. One study compared the prevalence of Nickel hypersensitivity in the same patient group before and after surgery and noted newly positive patch test reactions in three patients (4.2%). Three studies reported lower prevalence of Nickel hypersensitivity in postoperative patients compared to preoperative ones. Seven studies suggested that hypersensitivity might cause adverse clinical outcomes, but six did not support any relationship. Seven studies recommended preoperative patch testing in patients with history of metal allergy, and nine concluded that testing may be valuable postoperatively.

Conclusions
Patients undergoing TKA with no prior history of metal hypersensitivity do not seem to be at an increased risk of developing Nickel hypersensitivity, and there is conflicting evidence that patients with pre-existing hypersensitivity are more likely to experience adverse outcomes. Patch testing remains the most commonly used method for diagnosing hypersensitivity, and evidence suggests preoperative testing in patients with history of metal allergy to aid prosthesis selection, and postoperatively in patients with suspected hypersensitivity once common causes of implant failure have been excluded, since revision with hypoallergenic implants may alleviate symptoms.
Lurasidone in treatment of manic episode
Authors: Sánchez-Rivero I. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Lurasidone is an atypical antipsychotic used in the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar depression. Both indications are approved by the FDA nowadays, whereas in Europe it is only approved for schizophrenia. Lurasidone has been barely studied for the treatment of acute mania, nonetheless it is sometimes used off-label.ObjectivesA case of a patient with a manic episode treated with lurasidone is presented, in order to provide further evidence on this topic.MethodsThe patient is a 43 year-old-woman with diagnosis of type I bipolar disorder, personality disorder and borderline intellectual functioning, resident in our Hospital’s long-stay psychiatric rehabilitation unit. She was previously under treatment with venlafaxine 75 mg/day, valproate 1500 mg/day and levomepromazine 25 mg on demand; remaining stable for months. The patient presented an episode consisting on agitation, irritability, verbiage, tachyphase, verbal aggressiveness and behavioral disturbances. Psysical restraint was needed for one day long and zuclopenthixol acetate 50 mg IM was administered twice within 5 days for the acute agitation. Venlafaxine was immediately withdrawn and lurasidone was progressively introduced up to 111 mg daily.ResultsApproximately 3 weeks after the treatment adjustment, the patient reached the psychopatological stabilty.ConclusionsAntidepressive withdrawal and introduction of Lurasidone were effective to treat the acute manic episode in this patient. It has been previosuly suggested that lurasidone caused improvement in emergent manic symptoms in patients with bipolar depression, and in subsyndromal hypomanic symptoms in patients with mixed features of depression. However, no studies have been made yet to evaluate the efficacy of lurasidone in acute mania.DisclosureI received financing from Angelini Pharma, Casen Recordati, Janssen, Exeltis and Otsuka.
Lithium placental passage at delivery: an observational study
Authors: Imaz M.L. , Garcia-Esteve L. , Torra M. , Soy D. , Langohr K. , Martin-Santos R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionLithium is used as a first-line treatment for bipolar disorder during perinatal period. Dosing of lithium can be challenging as a result of pharmacokinetic changes in renal physiology. Frequent monitoring of lithium blood levels during pregnancy is recommended in order remain within the therapeutic window (0.5 to 1.2 mEq/L). Lower neonatal lithium blood level (<0.64 mEq/L) at time of delivery reduces the risk of lithium side effects in the neonate.ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to quantify the rate of lithium placental passage in real word.MethodsWe included a total of 68 mother-infant pairs for which a lithium measurement was performed intrapartum. Lithium serum concentrations were determined by means of an AVL 9180 electrolyte analyzer. The limit of quantification (LoQ) was 0.20 mEq/L and detection limit was 0.10 mEq/L. Pearson analyse was performer to assess the correlation between mother and umbilical cord lithium serum concentrations.ResultsThe mean of umbilical cord serum concentration at delivery was 0.57 mEq/L (SD=0.26, range 0,20-1,42). The mean infant-mother lithium ratio at delivery for the 68 pairs was 1.12 (SD=0.24) across a wide range of maternal concentrations (range 0.14-1,40 mEq/L). There was a strong positive correlation between maternal and umbilical cord lithium blood levels (Peearson correlation coefficient 0.948, p<0.001).ConclusionsLithium demostrates complete placental passage. This finding is consistent with the results of others studies (Newport 2005; Molenaar 2021).DisclosureNo significant relationships.