bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Maintenance in SCADA-Based Industries: A literature review
Authors: Suryadarma E.H.E. , Ai T.J. 
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this paper is to mapping and review what has been done on the topic of research on predictive maintenance in SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) based industries. In the research area of predictive maintenance, various methods for predicting damage or time to failure of a machine have been proposed and applied in various industries. This paper systematically categorizes predictive maintenance in SCADA-based industries research based on industry classifications according to ISIC (International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities). Furthermore, the research scope is explored its connection to the topics of Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA). It is found that 81.5% of the research was conducted on the electricity, gas, steam, and air conditioning supply industries, 11.1% of research was conducted on the mining and quarrying industry, and 7.4% of the research conducted in the manufacturing industry. It is also found that 85.2% of studies used AI and ML, 18.5% of the studies used IoT, and 18.5% of research used AI/ML and IoT technology together.
Edaphic breath in soil use and management systems
Authors: Gomes Daniel da Silva , Santos Teófilo de Medeiros , Barbosa Alex da Silva , Santos Sabrina Kelly dos , Melo Tiago de Sousa , Aquino Italo de Souza 
Published: January 2022

In Brazil, soil use and occupation is largely responsible for greenhouse gas emissions, and one of the ways to monitor disturbances to ecosystems is through edaphic breathing, result of root breathing and the activity of microorganisms present in the soil. Given the above, the objective was to evaluate the microbial activity of the soil through edaphic respiration in four soil use systems. The research was carried out in four soil use systems: forest remnant area (F); agroforestry system (AFS); mandala (M) and pasture (P), belonging to the Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Campus III, located in the municipality of Bananeiras - PB. Three samples composed of soil were collected at a depth of 0-20 cm, in each system of use, for chemical and physical analysis in order to characterize the study areas. To quantify carbon dioxide, the methodology described by Grisi was used and the CO2 captures occurred at night and during the day, for 8 months. A completely randomized design was used in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme. The lower temperatures during the night favored a higher CO2 emission; the pasture system and the AFS showed higher CO2 release in the two evaluation shifts, the forest remnant area showed less release of carbon dioxide. The microbial activity of the soil is more efficient at night; and the pasture area has higher CO2 emissions due to the lack of vegetation cover.
Diabetes mellitus type 2 does not influence carotid stiffness in patients on maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Rekucki Konrad , Sławuta Agnieszka , Obremska Marta , Madziarska Katarzyna 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Patients on maintenance hemodialysis are a group with high cardiovascular risk, characterized by high arterial stiffness, which is considered a novel cardiovascular risk factor. Diabetes mellitus is both one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease and a determinant of poor outcome in this group. The aim of the study was to examine carotid stiffness with high resolution echo-tracking in order to assess the influence of diabetes mellitus on arterial stiffness in this group.
Ninety patients (47 F; 43 M) with end-stage renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis were divided into two subgroups: diabetic and nondiabetic (37 and 53 patients respectively). They underwent clinical examination, laboratory tests, and ultrasonographic carotid stiffness assessment both before and after hemodialysis. Local arterial stiffness parameters β, Ep, AC, and PWVβ were calculated. Patient survival was assessed after a 58-month-long follow-up. During the 58-month period 25 of these diabetic patients died, as did 18 non-diabetic patients. Diabetes mellitus was a risk factor for overall mortality among the group of hemodialysed patients. Patients who died from non-cardiovascular causes significantly more often suffered from diabetes mellitus than survivors. There were no statistically significant differences in local arterial stiffness between the groups.
Local arterial stiffness in hemodialysed patients, assessed with high resolution echo-tracking, is not influenced by the presence of diabetes.
Preliminary study on species variability and evolutionary status of African walnut (Plukenetia conophora)
Authors: Onwubiko Nwakuche Chinenye , Emereola Queen Ifeoma , Anyanwu Chinyere Prisca , Chimdi Grace Ovute 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
An analysis of the biochemical composition of African walnut seeds collected from two different geographical areas, Nigeria and Cameroon, was used to conduct the primary assessment of varietal differences and evolutionary status of Plukenetia conophora. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Department of Biochemistry and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria. The experimental design was completely randomized design with five replications. Significant difference (P > 0.05) was not observed with the proximate properties of the seeds of the two lines except for carbohydrate. However, higher values in protein (28.32%), crude fat (5.67%), ash (4.33%), and moisture (38.44%) content were obtained for the line from Nigeria, while the line from Cameroon had higher values for carbohydrate (20.87%) and crude fibre (9.32%). With regard to mineral composition, significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed in some mineral elements such as manganese, sodium, and chromium. Anti-nutritional composition such as proximate properties did not show any significant difference between the two lines. However, the line from Nigeria had higher values of phytate (6.27%) and oxalate (0.11%), while a higher content of tannin (0.36%) and saponin (0.27%) was obtained for the line from Cameroon. Evidently, the result obtained was not substantial to establish varietal differences between the two lines; nevertheless, it showed some level of evolutionary changes in the crop over the years.
Perceptions of Industry 4.0 in Visegrad Firms
Authors: Götz Marta , Sass Magdolna , Éltető Andrea 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The definition and understanding of the Industry 4.0 concept vary widely in the literature and among practitioners. The objective of our research was to analyse the perceptions of Industry 4.0 in the Visegrad companies and the explanations for the differences thereof; and second, to compare perceptions of Industry 4.0 between Visegrad firms and experts. Our article relies on a combined methodology: analysis of literature and of information gained from questionnaire-based semi-structured interviews, conducted with randomly selected company representatives, academic and industry experts, and representatives of government agencies. Our results show that most Visegrad firms identify Industry 4.0 only with a limited set of selected new technologies, while experts usually have a more complex understanding of it, identifying it with a new business model. It would be important to have a clearly defined concept in order to elaborate related nationwide strategies and related economic and other policy tools.
Analysis of the main body behaviour of non-point source pollution control based on multimodal game model
Authors: Li Xin , Shang Jie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The issue of agricultural non-point source pollution has attracted the attention of the state and the masse. In the non-point source pollution control organizations which composed of the governments, farmers and fertiliser sellers, due to the characteristics of rational economic body, the phenomenon of ”market failure” and ”government failure” may occur in the process of non-point source pollution control. In this paper, the author applies game theory to analyse the main behaviour characteristics of the three main bodies, and constructs the incomplete information dynamic game model that the government, farmers and fertiliser sellers participate in. According to the results of the equilibrium solution of the Haysani Axiom model, it is found that the decisions made by the three bodies of the government, the fertiliser seller and the farmer in the behaviour choice stage have a great influence on the behaviour choice of the other two bodies, and the process of each strategy choice by the three bodies is a dynamic game process of the three bodies. Finally, according to the main influencing factors reflected in the equilibrium solution, proposed the related non-point source pollution control countermeasure suggestion to the government main body.
The problem of assessment of linear ordering methods
Authors: Kądziołka Kinga 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work: The aim of the work is to present and compare the results of selected procedures for assessing linear ordering methods. The considerations were carried out on the example of taxonomic measures of the security of cryptocurrency exchanges.

Materials and methods: Publicly available data published on internet portals were used to assess the security of cryptocurrency exchanges. Composite indicators were created using the standardized sum method. The selection of the final representative was made on the basis of the similarity of rankings, the choice of the measure from the so-called efficient frontier, aggregate measure of the correctness of linear ordering methods and the PROMETHEE II method.

Results: According to the values of all selected composite indicators, the Gemini exchange was the best in terms of the adopted criteria.

Conclusions: Each of the analyzed procedures for selecting the final linear ordering method has its own logic, advantages and disadvantages.
Remote work in Poland and perspectives thereof
Authors: Radziukiewicz Małgorzata 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work: Remote work is a phenomenon which has rapidly intensified as a result of COVID-19 pandemic. The article presents the scale of remote work in Poland before the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, i.e. until 2020, and directly during the pandemic, i.e. from 2020 to half of 2021. Topics discussed herein concern: the conception of remote work, the level and structure of persons working remotely in Poland and changes in their number in the recent years, as compared to the world and the European Union Member States by sectors of ownership, particular regions of the country and a type of socio-economic activity. Moreover, positive and negative consequences of remote work for employees, employers and their families have been presented.

Materials and methods: The analysis concerning development of remote work is based on many sources: data from Eurostat, Eurofound, the International Labour Organisation (ILO), Statistics Poland, as well as surveys conducted by national and foreign consulting companies dealing with the labour market. The following have been applied: - descriptive analysis allowing identification of basic data in the scope of share of remote workers; - analysis of dynamics identifying changes in the studied scope; - comparative analysis assessing the scale of remote workers in the country with regard to the data noted in the EU states.

Results: Before the pandemic in 2018, in Poland – in comparison to the EU states – the share of employees who had the possibility of working remotely was below average and amounted to approx. 4.6% (whereas in the whole EU 5.2% of persons aged between 15 and 64 years old regularly worked remotely from home). In 2020, the share of persons who “usually work from home” doubled in our country in comparison to data for 2018 and amounted to 8.9%. The largest share of remote workers in the general number of workers at the end of the 1st quarter of 2021 was noted by the following sectors: financial and insurance services (36.1%), education (45.9%) and IT (66.8%). These sectors were also the leaders in digitalisation and automation before the pandemic.

Conclusions: Remote work is a flexible form of employment that, due to the coronavirus pandemic, has recently been developing in Poland and in the world on a mass scale and in an unprecedented pace. This form of work using the newest information and communication technologies (ICT) changed work and workplaces. This form of work opens new divisions on the labour market, since better educated persons living in rural areas are better prepared to work outside the employer’s seat.
Analysis of dairy value chain in Ada’a Berga district, Ethiopia
Authors: Jara Gemechu O. , Tolassa Tekle B. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work: Dairy production has key functions in food security and poverty reduction, but, dairy farmers do not always benefit from production. The aim of the study was to analyze the dairy value chain in Ada’a Berga district, Ethiopia.

Materials and methods: Primary and secondary were employed. Using pretested structured questionnaires, primary data was collected from 123 dairy producers, 48 actors and 30 dairy consumers. Value chain analysis, a practical method for ascertaining policymaking appropriateness, was applied for analysis.

Results: The resulting study revealed the lack of structured dairy value chain, poor performance and weak linkage among dairy value chain actors.

Conclusions: There is a need to strengthen input suppliers, the dairy market and dairy cooperatives, as well as to improve the dairy herd, introduce contract farming and control unlicensed traders. Such initiatives will enhance dairy value chain development and sustainability within the district.
Support instruments for professional activation of persons with health issues by the example of services offered by the social insurance institution
Authors: Jakubowicz Anna 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work: The presented text concerns possibilities of professional activation of persons with health issues. Due to health issues the affected persons are at the margin of professional, social and family life. In the paper an attempt has been made to present support instruments offered by the Social Insurance Institution to persons with health issues.

Materials and methods: Data of Statistics Poland and data generally available on the website www.zus.pl has been used herein.

Results: Return to work of persons with health issues is a complex process and concerns a significant number of the working age population. It should be noticed that professional activation of persons with health issues depends on many factors: currently available medical knowledge, access to medical services, as well as the belief in the possibility of returning to work or the access to support within insurance.

Conclusions: Coherent programmes and action plans of the Social Insurance Institution develop effective mechanisms supporting return to work of persons with health issues. Key solutions for these persons should focus on their support in solving ongoing problems, as well as conduct activities in the scope of improving working conditions.
Modelling the Water Supply System of the National Palace of Queluz Gardens
Authors: Cristina Raquel , Monteiro Laura , Rodrigues Ana Duarte , Covas Dídia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The gardens of the National Palace of Queluz, built in the eighteenth century, are supplied by a complex branched water supply system. The aim of the current research is to analyse the hydraulic behaviour of the pressurised supply systems, namely the water pathways, the available pressure-head at the fountains and the water consumption at the gardens, by means of computational simulation for different operating scenarios. Results show that the difference of elevation was sufficient to assure the water transport by gravity from the surrounding water sources to the ornamental fountains, cascades and lakes and to provide 8-12 m water jets. Several scenarios are analysed showing that the fountains and cascades water consumption are in the range of 12.4 to 42.2 L/s, available water sources are enough to satisfy these demands for several hours per day and the two existing tanks, Curro and Miradouro, have sufficient capacity to store water to be used in the ornamental fountains and cascades and in the irrigation of the botanical garden and the horticultural area.
Effect of Gender on the Radiation Sensitivity of Murine Blood Cells
Authors: Billings Paul C. , Romero-Weaver Ana L. , Kennedy Ann R. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Space travel beyond the Earth’s protective magnetosphere risks exposing astronauts to ionizing radiation, such as that generated during a solar particle event (SPE). Ionizing radiation has well documented effects on blood cells and it is generally assumed that these effects contribute to the hematopoietic syndrome (HS), observed in animals and humans, following exposure to total body irradiation (TBI). The purpose of the current study was to assess the role of gender on the effects of gamma radiation on blood cells. C3H/HeN mice were irradiated with a 137Cs gamma source. Radiation had similar effects on white blood cells (WBCs), lymphocytes, and granulocytes in male and female C3H/HeN mice, while red blood cell (RBC) counts and hematocrit values remained stable following radiation exposure. Non-irradiated male mice had 13% higher platelet counts, compared with their female counterparts, and showed enhanced recovery of platelets on day 16 following radiation exposure. Hence, gender differences influence the response of platelets to TBI exposure.
High-Altitude Ballooning Student Research with Yeast and Plant Seeds
Authors: Beck-Winchatz Bernhard , Bramble Judith 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Weather balloon flights provide affordable access to a space-like environment for student research. Typical flights last for 2.0-2.5 hours and reach altitudes of approximately 30 km. Payloads are exposed to intense cosmic and ultraviolet radiation, temperatures below -60° C, and atmospheric pressures of approximately 0.01 atmospheres. We report on simple laboratory procedures intended primarily for high school and middle school students in studying the effects of high-altitude balloon flights on yeast and plant seeds. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Raphanus sativus, and Brassica rapa were flown on two weather balloons inside and outside of payload containers to an altitude of approximately 27.5 km. After the flights the yeast cells were plated on YED media and incubated to assess survival and mutation rates. The seeds were planted to assess survival and variation in quantitative traits. We also discuss connections to disciplinary core ideas in the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) (NGSS Lead States, 2013) and provide an overview of further laboratory investigations designed to enhance students’ understanding of the effects of radiation on living organisms.
Artificial Neural Network for Estimation of Local Scour Depth Around Bridge Piers
Authors: Ali Ahmed Shakir Ali , Günal Mustafa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Local scour around bridge piers impairs the stability of bridges’ structures. Therefore, a delicate estimation of the local scour depth is vital in designing the bridge piers foundations. In this research, MATLAB software was used to train artificial neural network (ANN) models with four hundred laboratory datasets from different laboratory studies, including five parameters: pier diameter, flow depth flow velocity, critical sediment velocity, sediment particle size, and equilibrium local scour depth. The outcomes present that the ANN model with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm and 11 nodes in the single hidden layer gives an accurate estimation better than other ANN models trained with different training algorithms based on the regression results and mean squared error values. Besides, the ANN model accurately provides predicted local scour depth and is better than linear and nonlinear regression models. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis shows that removing pier diameter from training parameters diminishes the reliability of prediction.
Determination of the Effect of Sidewall Friction in Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall Experiments
Authors: Kulczykowski Marek 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A simple approach to estimate sidewall friction in reinforced soil model experiments conducted in parallel-sided test boxes with unlubricated walls is proposed. Analytical solutions are developed for reinforced soil slopes and retaining walls subjected to self-weight or external loading. It turns out that the frictional effect depends on the shape of the failure zone and the value of friction coefficient between soil and a sidewall material. The theoretical predictions were verified in laboratory experiments in a test box with lubricated and unlubricated sidewalls. It was shown that the method can be used to estimate sidewall friction not only under failure conditions, but also under all stages of surcharging prior to failure.
Disputes over the reasons for Sweden's economic success: Nima Sanandaji and his critics
Authors: Czarny Bogusław 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
I analyze selected views of the well-known Swedish analyst of Nordic economies, Nima Sanandaji, on the reasons for the economic (and social) successes of Sweden and other Nordic countries in the 20th and 21st centuries. My aim is not to provide a detailed and full appraisal of these views but to confront them with the arguments of Sanandaji's critics. Only occasionally do I supplement the arguments of Sanandaji's commentators with additional comments of my own.
In particular, my interests include the following theses of Sanandaji: the thesis that Sweden's prosperity arose before the development of the welfare state, which contributed little to its creation; the thesis that other Swedish successes (health, small inequalities, equal opportunities) are wrongly attributed to the Swedish welfare state or are far from complete; the thesis that there is very limited scope for other countries to copy the Swedish (Nordic) experience.
In the Conclusion, I comment on the reception of Sanandaji's views in Poland.