bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Dexmedetomidine in Sub-Tenon's Block on Emergence Agitation in Pediatric Strabismus Surgery under Sevoflurane Anesthesia
Authors: El-Sherbiny Sameh M. , Kamal Ragab A. , Sadik Nashwa , Elshahat Ahmed 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Numerous unfavorable complications may occur with strabismus surgery as emergency agitation (EA), oculocardiac reflex (OCR), postoperative pain, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).

Aims:
This study was designed to evaluate the dexmedetomidine effect in sub-Tenon's block on EA in strabismus surgery in the pediatric population under sevoflurane anesthesia.

Design:
This was a prospective randomized double-blind clinical trial.

Patients and Methods:
Eighty American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status Class I and II pediatric patients, in an age group ranging from 2 to 8 years of either sex, had strabismus surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia using laryngeal mask airway. Patients were divided randomly into two groups (each = 40). Sub-Tenon's block is performed in the operated eye with 0.5% bupivacaine (0.08 mL.kg−1) alone in Group B (bupivacaine group), and with 0.5% bupivacaine (0.08 mL.kg−1) and dexmedetomidine (0.5 μg.kg−1) in Group D (dexmedetomidine group). Hemodynamics were monitored, and OCR was recorded. Furthermore, postoperative EA (Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium and Cravero Scales), pain (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability), and incidence of PONV were recorded as well.

Statistical Analysis:
A prospective analysis of the collected data was performed using the SPSS program for Windows (version 26).

Results:
The dexmedetomidine group exhibited a lower EA incidence, pain, and PONV as compared to the bupivacaine group. No statistically significant differences regarding hemodynamics, OCR, or emergence time were found between both the groups.

Conclusion:
The addition of dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine in sub-Tenon's block can alleviate postoperative EA and nausea and vomiting with better pain management and hemodynamic stability in pediatric strabismus surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia.
Cytokine Expression and Anti-Microbial Effectiveness of Different Calcium Hydroxide Dilutions
Authors: Binanzan Najla , Alsalleeh Fahd 
Published: August 2022

Aims:
To determine the cytokine expression by human gingival fibroblasts in response to different calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) dilutions and test the effectiveness of these dilutions in root canal dentin infected with Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis).

Methods:
UltraCal XS Ca(OH)2 dilutions were prepared (60, 10, and 1 mg\mL) and co-cultured with gingival fibroblasts for 24 and 48 hours. Untreated cells were used as controls. Expressions of interleukin (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and IL-10 were analysed with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Root canals of extracted human teeth were inoculated with E. faecalis. After 21 days, canals were medicated with Ca(OH)2 dilutions for 7 days. Samples were taken to determine bacterial reduction using quantitative PCR. Analysis of variance, Tukey post-test, and Wilcoxon matched pair test were used for statistics.

Results:
IL-1β and TNF-α expressions of all Ca(OH)2 dilutions were higher at 24 and 48 hours compared to the control. Similarly, all Ca(OH)2 dilutions induced TGF-β expression at 24 hours compared to the control and continued to be higher in 60 mg/mL groups at 48 hours. In contrast, IL-10 was constitutively expressed by untreated cells in the control group and was down-regulated significantly by all Ca(OH)2 dilutions at 24 and 48 hours. All dilutions demonstrated a significant E. faecalis reduction (P < 0.001) with no significant difference between dilution groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
All Ca(OH)2 dilutions had a differential inflammatory effect on fibroblasts and had a down-regulation effect to IL-10. All dilutions tested were effective against E. faecalis, with 60 mg/mL having the highest bacterial reduction.
Comparative Evaluation of Remineralisation Potential of Bioactive Glass, Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate and Novel Strontium-Doped Nanohydroxyapatite Paste
Authors: Rajendran Ratheesh , Hussain M Sadique , Sandhya Raghu , Thomas Arun Jacob , Ameena M , Saleem Shinu 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Many studies explained the importance of remineralisation of early carious lesions with various remineralising agents. In the present study, we incorporated the remineralising agents in a dentifrice, applied that in artificial enamel caries and evaluated their remineralising potential and compared the efficacy among the three.

Aim:
To evaluate and compare the remineralisation potential of a dentifrice containing bioactive glass, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate and novel laboratory synthesised strontiumdoped nanohydroxyapatite paste in artificial enamel caries.

Methods and Materials:
120 enamel specimens were divided into 4 groups of 30 specimens each, based on the type of dentifrice applied: GI - conventional toothpaste (control group), GII - calcium sodium phosphosilicate (Novamin), GIII - casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (GC tooth mousse) and GIV- Novel strontiumdoped nanohydroxyapatite paste (SrnHAp paste). Specimens in all the groups were subjected to demineralisation, and calcium/phosphorous ratio was analysed followed by remineralisation and the mean calcium–phosphorus ratio was assessed using a scanning electron microscope and energy dispersing X-ray analysis.

Statistical Analysis:
Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows Software, version 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the mean and standard deviation. Kruskal-Wallis, ANOVA and Mann–Whitney tests were used. The level of significance was set at 5%.

Results and Conclusion:
All except the control group showed a net increase in calcium and phosphorous values after application of the respective remineralising agents in respective groups. Inter-group comparison revealed that Group IV - SrnHAp paste yields higher net calcium and phosphorous values than other groups. Hence, novel SrnHAp can be considered as the material of choice in remineralising early enamel carious lesions.
First De novo whole genome sequencing and assembly of mutant Dendrobium hybrid cultivar ‘Emma White’
Authors: Sherpa Rubina , Devadas Ramgopal , Suprasanna Penna , Bolbhat Sadashiv Narayan , Nikam Tukaram Dayaram 
Published: August 2022

The Dendrobium hybrid cultivar ‘Emma White’ is an ornamental, successfully commercialised orchid. We used a gamma ray-induced early flowering mutant and the Illumina HiSeqX10 sequencing platform to generate the first draft de novo whole genome sequence and assembly. The draft sequence was 678,650,699 bp in length, comprising 447,500 contigs with an N50 of 1423 and 33.48% GC content. Comparing 95,529 predicted genes against the Uniprot database revealed 60,741 potential genes governing molecular functions, biological processes and cellular components. We identified 216,232 simple sequence repeats and 138,856 microsatellite markers. Chromosome-level genome assembly of Dendrobium huoshanense was used to RagTag-scaffold available contigs of the mutant, revealing a total length of 687,254,899 bp with an N50 of 2096. The longest final contiguous length was 18,000,059 bp from 30,571 bp. BUSCO genome completeness was 93.6%. This study is valuable for investigating the mechanisms of mutation, and developing Dendrobium hybrid cultivars using mutation breeding.
Chemical Control Studies of the Walnut Caterpillar
Authors: Farris M.E. , Appleby J.E. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTFoliar sprays of malathion 50EC, diazinon 25EC, acephate (Orthene) 75SP, andBacillus thuringiensisBerliner (Dipel) were tested on 2nd and 4th instars ofDatana integerrimaGrote and Robinson on black walnut trees. Excellent control resulted with foliar spray applications of all the mentioned insecticides.
Chinese and Siberian Elms
Authors: Leopold Donald J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSince the introduction of Siberian elm,Ulmus pumilaL., into cultivation, much confusion has existed in the trade between this species andUlmus parvifolia, the true Chinese elm. However, distinct vegetative, cultural, and aesthetic differences are apparent between these two Asiatic elms. Though Siberian elm has been used extensively in the past for urban planting, its future usefulness must be seriously questioned. Chinese elm has also shown tolerance to the urban environment but unlike the Siberian elm it does not experience the decline in vigor with increasing age. Common pathogens of both elms and the propagation of Chinese elm are also discussed.
Systemic Treatment for Chlorotic Trees
Authors: Himelick E.B. , Himelick Kirk J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFerric citrate injected in powdered form was effective in correcting iron chlorosis of pin oak, cypress, red oak, sweet gum, and swamp white oak. Chlorotic white oak and American sycamore did not respond significantly to systemic iron treatments. Both ferric ammonium citrate and ferric citrate were effective in correcting moderate to advanced stages of chlorosis in large pin oak and sweet gum. An inexpensive method of injecting premeasured chemical powders is reported.
In Search of New Kinds of Elms
Authors: Ware George H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTrees suitable for urban use must tolerate numerous root-zone adversities such as compacted soil, restricted root space, extremes of soil wetness and dryness, wide temperature fluctuations, alkalinity, salinity, and soil disturbance. Elms have many of the necessary attributes. There is a sizable number of little-known elm species native to central and eastern Asia that should be studied more closely in the search for better urban trees. Some of these have extensive ranges and display considerable ecological variation from region to region. Certain Asian elms have been shown to have encouraging levels of resistance to Dutch elm disease.
Propagation of Platanus × Acerifolia from Meristem Tips
Authors: Krzewski Adam , Witomska Maria , Millikan D.F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExplants ofPlatanus × acerifoliaaseptically excised and placed on the MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l vitamin C, 0.1 mg/1 BAP and 0.01 NAA will develop into complete plantlets. A month of darkness following seven weeks exposure to continuous light (1300-1500 lux) is necessary to induce rooting.
Cognitive behavioral treatment for disordered gaming and problem gambling in adolescents: a pilot feasibility study
Authors: André Frida , Einarsson Isak , Dahlström Elisabeth , Niklasson Katalin , Håkansson Anders , Claesdotter-Knutsson Emma 
Published: August 2022

Background: Disordered gaming and problem gambling (DG/PG) are associated with a range of functional impairments as well as psychiatric comorbidity. With the proliferation of digital gaming apps aimed at children and adolescents, which involve in-game purchases, there is increasing evidence that DG/PG are on the rise in this age range. The behavior can be detected in youth presenting at school-based health clinics and community psychiatric clinics. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is one of several recommended treatments for adults, but little evidence is available for the efficacy of this approach in adolescents with DG/PG.
Aim: To evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of a CBT-based intervention developed for adolescents with DG/PG, which can be delivered in routine psychiatric care facilities.
Methods: Adolescents who were patients at a child and adolescent psychiatry service were screened for DG/PG. Those aged 12–17 years with pronounced symptoms were invited to participate in a 7-week CBT program called Relapse Prevention. Nine adolescents agreed to participate and five consented to repeated assessments of outcome (pre-, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up). In addition to acceptability and satisfaction with treatment, symptoms of DG were assessed with standardized interview and self-report measures.
Results: There were no dropouts from the treatment. Participants who completed treatment and all outcome assessments reported satisfaction with the treatment. The participants showed fewer symptoms of DG after treatment, and the proportion who met criteria for computer game addiction decreased from 56 to 0%. There was no reduction in the number of participants who met criteria for PG.
Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence for the acceptability and feasibility of a CBT-based intervention for DG/PG in adolescents. Preliminary data suggest that the treatment may be effective for DG but not PG. Further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of this approach for both conditions.
Predictors of post-COVID-19 and the impact of persistent symptoms in non-hospitalized patients 12 months after COVID-19, with a focus on work ability
Authors: Kisiel Marta A. , Janols Helena , Nordqvist Tobias , Bergquist Jonas , Hagfeldt Simone , Malinovschi Andrei , Svartengren Magnus 
Published: August 2022

Background: Better knowledge of long-term symptoms following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the so-called post-COVID-19, in non-hospitalized patients is needed. The aim of this study was to study persisent symptoms up to 12 months after COVID-19 in non-hospitalized patients and their impact on work ability. We also investigated predictors of persistent symptoms.
Methods: This study encompassed non-hospitalized adult subjects with a COVID-19 infection confirmed via positive nasopharyngeal swab polymerase chain reaction test during the first wave of the pandemic in Uppsala, Sweden. In total, 566 subjects were sent a survey via e-mail or post with an invitation to participate in the survey 12 months post-diagnosis. The majority of subjects were healthcare workers, as this group was prioritized for testing.
Results: A total of 366 subjects responded, with 47% reporting persistent symptoms 12 months after their COVID-19 diagnosis. The most commonly reported symptoms at this time were impaired sense of smell and/or taste and fatigue. Among the predictors of persistent symptoms were being born abroad, lower physical fitness compared with peers before COVID-19, body mass index >25 kg/m2, cooccurrence of hypertension and chronic pain, and having more than seven of the general COVID-19 symptoms at the onset. Respondents with symptoms after 12 months self-reported negatively about their general health and work ability.
Conclusions: This study indicated that many people who had mild COVID-19 might have a variety of long-term symptoms. It highlights the importance of considering work ability after mild COVID-19.
The effect of static chamber base on N2O flux in drip irrigation
Authors: Baram Shahar , Bar-Tal Asher , Gal Alon , Friedman Shmulik P. , Russo David 
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Static chambers are commonly used to provide in situ quantification of nitrous oxide (N2O)
fluxes. Despite their benefits, when left in the field, the physicochemical
conditions inside the chamber's base may differ from the ambient, especially
in drip-irrigated systems. This research aimed to study the effects of
static chamber bases on water and N distribution and the subsequent impact
on N2O fluxes. N2O emissions were measured in a
drip-irrigated avocado orchard for 2 years, using bases with a dripper at
their center (In) and bases installed adjacent to the dripper (adjacent).
During the irrigation and fertigation season, the measured N2OIn
fluxes were greater than the N2OAdjacent fluxes (0.015 ± 0.003 vs. 0.006 ± 0.001 g m−2 d−1). By contrast, during the
winter, when the orchard is not irrigated or fertilized, insignificant
differences were observed between the measured N2OAdjecent and
N2OIn fluxes. Three-dimensional simulations of water flow, N
transport, and N transformations showed two opposing phenomena: (a) increased
water contents, N concentrations, and downward flushing when the dripper is
placed inside the base, and (b) hampering of the lateral distribution of
water and solutes into the most bio-active part of the soil inside the base
when the base is placed adjacent to the dripper. It also showed that both
“In” and “adjacent” practices underestimate the “true” cumulative flux
from a dripper with no base by ∼ 25 % and ∼ 50 %, respectively. A nomogram in a non-dimensional form corresponding to
all soil textures, emitter spacings, and discharge rates was developed to
determine the optimal diameter of an equivalent cylindrical base to be used
along a single dripline. Further studies under variable conditions (soil
types, wetting patterns, nutrient availabilities), rather than a single
study, are needed to test the constructiveness of the suggested
methodologies.
Visualization of dynamics in coupled multi-spin systems
Authors: Xu Jingyan , Budker Dmitry , Barskiy Danila A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Since the dawn of quantum mechanics, ways to visualize spins and their interactions have attracted the attention of researchers and philosophers of science. In this work we present a generalized measurement-based 3D-visualization approach for describing dynamics in strongly coupled spin ensembles. The approach brings together angular momentum probability surfaces (AMPS), Husimi Q functions, and DROPS (discrete representations of operators for spin systems) and finds particular utility when the total angular momentum basis is used for describing Hamiltonians. We show that, depending on the choice of a generalized measurement operator, the plotted surfaces either represent probabilities of finding the maximal projection of an angular momentum along any direction in space or represent measurable coherences between the states with different total angular momenta. Such effects are difficult to grasp by looking at (time-dependent) numerical values of density-matrix elements. The approach is complete in a sense that there is one-to-one correspondence between the plotted surfaces and the density matrix. Three examples of nuclear spin dynamics in two-spin systems are visualized: (i) a zero- to ultralow-field (ZULF) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiment in the presence of a magnetic field applied perpendicularly to the sensitive axis of the detector, (ii) interplay between chemical exchange and spin dynamics during high-field signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE), and (iii) a high-field spin-lock-induced crossing (SLIC) sequence, with the initial state being the singlet state between two spins. The presented visualization technique facilitates intuitive understanding of spin dynamics during complex experiments as exemplified here by the considered cases. Temporal sequences (“the movies”) of such surfaces show phenomena like interconversion of spin order between the coupled spins and are particularly relevant in ZULF NMR.
Analysis of seismic strain release related to the tidal stress preceding the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake
Authors: Chen Xuezhong , Li Yane , Chen Lijuan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Tidal stresses could load or unload focal media and trigger small to moderate earthquakes in and around the focal region before a large or great earthquake. Based on the preliminary reference Earth model, we calculated the time series of tidal Coulomb failure stress (TCFS) acting on the focal fault plane of the Wenchuan earthquake. For earthquakes (2.5≤ML≤4.0) that occurred in and around the focal region from January 1990 to April 2008, we calculated the time rate of TCFS, ΔTCFS, at the occurrence time of each earthquake. These earthquakes were divided into two categories on the basis of the signs of ΔTCFS: one is positive earthquakes (PEQs) occurring at times of ΔTCFS > 0 and the other negative earthquakes (NEQs) occurring at times of ΔTCFS < 0. First, we obtained cumulative seismic strain release (CSSR) curves of NEQs
and PEQs and found that the two curves nearly overlapped prior to September 2004 and then began to separate increasingly with time. We used a parameter Rp, the proportion of seismic strain release of PEQs, to investigate the effect of TCFS on earthquake occurrence and found that Rp was significantly higher than 0.5 about 6 months before the Wenchuan event at a 99 % confidence level, indicating a significant correlation between earthquake occurrence and increasing TCFS. Furthermore, we calculated the slope k (time rate) of the CSSR curve vs. time for PEQs and NEQs separately. It was observed in the pre-event period that the seismic strain release accelerated when TCFS increased but decelerated when TCFS decreased. The difference in the time rate of seismic strain release between PEQs and NEQs was quantified using Rk, the ratio of k for PEQs to that for NEQs. We discovered stable Rk values (around 1.0) until they began to rise rapidly with time in early 2005, reaching their highest value of 2.7 just before the Wenchuan event. Rk could reveal the promoting and inhibiting effects of tidal stress on seismic strain release. When kp increases alone or kn decreases alone, Rk will increase. Thus, an increase in Rk corresponds to a promoting effect during times of increasing TCFS and an inhibiting one during that of decreasing TCFS. Both effects were observed in the focal region prior to the Wenchuan mainshock. The b value in the Gutenberg–Richter relationship decreases as the tectonic stress in the crust increases. We also calculated the temporal evolution of the b value in the study region. It was observed that after 2.5 years of increasing tectonic stress, the focal region became unstable, and the tidal stress began to take effect. The effects of the tidal stress were gradually enhanced as the tectonic stress increased further. The increase in the tidal Coulomb failure stress may have aided the occurrence of earthquakes, whereas the decrease had the opposite effect. This observation may shed light on the seismogenic processes that led to the Wenchuan earthquake and its precursors.
Genetic and Morphological Effects of Lactobacillus Acidophillus on Some Virulence Factors of Proteus Mirabilis That Isolated From Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Jaber Aseel Hussein , Almiyah Suaad A. Fazaa 
Published: August 2022

The current study have been included 250 samples diabetic foot ulcer patients attending in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital and private clinics at a period of study from beginning October 2021 to February 2022, Isolates were identified by morphological form on blood agar and macConkey agar, traditional biochemical tests,then confirmed by Vitek 2 system and PCR was performed using a specific primer (16SrRNA) to identify the genus Proteus and distinguish it from the other Enterobacteria and bacteria.	Has been studied of the morphological and genetic inhibitory effect of probiotics on p. mirabilis and the results showed that Lactobacillus filters were more effective in the inhibitory effect on p. isolates mirabilis.	Molecular study demonstrated the effect of LAB on virulence factors through the disappearance of some bands during electrophoresis. The number of bundles in the molecular study of virulence factors (ureR, zapA, flaA, hmpA) decreased after treatment of Proteus terrestris with lactobacillus acidophillus. Keywords: Proteus mirabilis, diabetes foot ulcers, Probiotic. Research aims: We focus on knowing the phenotypic and genetic effect of probiotics on some virulence factors of Proteus mirabilis isolated from diabetic foot ulcers in Al-Diwaniyah Governorate.