bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The enhanced relationship between summer rainfall over the eastern Tibetan Plateau and sea surface temperature in the tropical southeastern Indian Ocean
Authors: REN QIAN , Jiang Xingwen , Shi Renrui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The summer rainfall in the eastern Tibetan Plateau (TP) is positively correlated with the sea surface temperature (SST) in the tropical southeastern Indian Ocean (SEIO). It is found that their relationship has enhanced significantly during the second period of 1984–2015 (P2) compared to the first period of 1951–1983 (P1). The anomalous anticyclone to the south of the TP is the major factor favoring more tropical moisture transported to the eastern TP (ETP) and the resultant above-normal-rainfall anomalies in the ETP in both the two epochs. However, the anomalous anticyclone and equatorial easterly anomalies associated with the warm SEIO SST anomalies is much stronger in P2 than those in P1. The warm SEIO SST anomalies are accompanied by a stronger El Niño in the preceding winter. It results in simultaneous warmer SST anomalies in the tropical Indian Ocean and colder SST anomalies in the equatorial central Pacific in P2. On the one hand, the excited meridional circulation induces suppressed convection leading to an anomalous anticyclone to the south of the TP. The anomalies of enhanced convection in the tropical eastern Indian Ocean and the downdrafts in the central Pacific favor the stronger equatorial easterly anomalies on the southern flank of anticyclone. On the other hand, the increased warming in the Indian Ocean basin produce an enhanced anticyclone and suppressed convection over the western North Pacific by emanating Kelvin waves. The diabatic cooling of suppressed convection induces the anomalous anticyclone to the south of the TP by exciting westward-propagating Rossby waves.
The impact of a student co-designed interactive online learning platform to support medical students in the COVID pandemic
Authors: Zhou Jessie , Lindley Jennifer , Neves Colton , Punwani Vishal , Giles Emma , Leech Michelle , Torda Adrienne 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background:The global pandemic has mandated the development of innovative online learning tools for clinical year medical students, who have traditionally learned through clinical clerkship models. There is limited evidence as to whether curriculum delivery through a student co-designed online learning platform would ​​be beneficial to student satisfaction, engagement and academic progression for clinical year medical students. Methods:A mixed methods research method was used to explore the impact of a student co-designed learning pathway. Baseline thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews were firstly conducted to identify unmet e-learning needs in a cohort of 1500 medical students. Subsequent student co-creation of a novel online resource for 500 medical students undertaking their first clinical year was developed utilizing learning software (Sophya). Post implementation, anonymous evaluation surveys were distributed and in-built engagement statistics from Sophya were analysed.Results:Semi-structured interviews identified a significant unmet need for multimodal, student-centred, personalised learning methods that are accessible, relevant and centralised. Students most engaged with the online resource achieved higher grades (average 4.1% difference) compared to those least engaged. Student and faculty academics used the Sophya platform to curate 364 learning items across twelve core medicine and surgery domains through interactive modules, video tutorials, revision and self-assessment puzzles and quizzes. Within one semester, 72% of the student cohort had engaged with the platform, 946.2 hours were spent on the pathway, 11,480 learning activities completed and 1070 flashcards reviewed. Evaluation demonstrated students valued the structure and content of the resource (average rating 4.2 and 4.1 out of 5, respectively). 90.8% of respondents agreed the platform helped their learning, with video materials on clinical application most heavily utilized. Conclusion:Student co-created learning pathways, utilising interactive educational software in addition to current learning management systems, can assist faculty academics better support student learning needs and create a sustainable online platform that benefits clinical student training.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulas against Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: LIN JENCHIN , Pao Li-Heng , Su Shan-Yu , Huang Shyh-Shyun , Lin Jaung-Geng , Cheng Yung-Chi , Chao Jung 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Insomnia is often related to comorbidities like anxiety and depression. Since sleeping pills can cause side effects and dependency, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has long been used as an alternative for insomnia. The main purpose of this study was to review the clinical evidence-base of treating insomnia with TCM, providing comprehensive empirical evidence of its effectiveness. This study investigated the commonly used TCM formulas in Taiwan.
Methods
A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) listed in databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and CNKI) was conducted to identify studies discussing the use of TCM formulas against insomnia. A total of 108 studies (n = 9620) were included in this study (treatment: n = 4966; control: n = 4654). In addition, a meta-analysis was performed on the total effective rate of TCM against insomnia (including 103 studies, n = 9122) as well as the effectiveness of TCM for subjective sleep quality (including 46 studies, n = 4303).
Results
Seven TCM formulas (Chai Hu Jia Long Gu Mu Li Tang, Suan Zao Ren Tang, Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan, Xiao Yao San, Gan Mai Da Zao Tang, Yang Xin Tang, and Gui Pi Tang) had higher effective rates for alleviating clinical symptoms than conventional Western medicines. Furthermore, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score dropped more significantly in the group treated with TCM than that treated by conventional Western medicine, indicating that TCM could improve patients’ sleep quality.
Conclusion
This study verified the effectiveness of TCM in enhancing patients’ sleep quality.
Sexual Quality of Life, Self-Compassion and Desire to Use Onco-Sexology Support by Cancer Patients
Authors: Lantheaume Sophie , Moták Ladislav , Guy Jean-Baptiste , Paucsik Marine , Doublet Louis , Préau Marie , Kotsou Ilios , Huyghe Eric 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Cancer and its treatments may affect the sexual quality of life (SQoL) of cancer patients, but the use of onco-sexology support (OSS) is relatively rare; it is therefore important to identify the intrinsic factors associated with health behaviours. Aim: To evaluate the role of self-compassion (SC) on the desire of cancer patients to use onco-sexology support (DUOSS), according to their SQoL. Methods: Five hundred patients were contacted by mail and asked to complete questionnaires on their SQoL, SC and DUOSS.Outcomes The primary outcome was the role of SC on DUOSS as a function of SQoL, and the secondary outcome was the relationship between SC, SQoL and DUOSSResults: Five hundred patients were contacted and 96 (19.2%) took part in the study (mean age 54.2 years, 93.7% female). The participants were divided into two groups: Group 1, patients reporting a satisfactory SQoL (n=41); and Group 2, patients reporting an unsatisfactory SQoL (n=55). Significant differences were observed in SC and DUOSS, and in several demographic (marital status) and clinical (type of treatment) characteristics between G1 and G2. A positive association was found between SQoL and SC, and between SQoL and DUOSS, and there was an indirect link between SC, SQoL and DUOSS. Clinical implications SC has an important role in SQoL and interventions should be developed to target SC over the course of care of cancer patients. Strengths and Limitations The strengths of the study are the large number of participants and the fact that this is the first study on SC and its possible role in DUOSS. The study is limited by the sample composition, which consisted mainly of women, limiting the external validity of the results. In addition, the body image of the patient or the sexual satisfaction of the partner were not evaluated.Conclusion: SC is a contributing factor to DUOSS in cancer patients with a poor SQoL and interventions should focus on SC from the start of anti-cancer treatment to improve SQoL and encourage the use of OSS.
Establishing Normative Standards of Binocular Visual Function in Taiwanese Young Adults
Authors: Chen Shyan-Tarng , Su Kuo-Chen , Wang Po-Hsin , Zhong Xiang-Yin , Cheng Ching Ying 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Traditional normative values of binocular vision, known as Morgan’s & Scheiman’s and Optometry Extension Program(OEP) expected findings, have been used since long in clinical optometry. However, with technological advances, visual habits and visual demands have changed. Therefore, clinical assessment could examine the applicability of the established criteria in Taiwan. Methods: Participants aged 15–24 years were recruited from three universities and colleges. After completing the Visual Behavioral Performance questionnaire with four components: near work, visual perception, visual comfort and balance of body, participants were separated into symptomatic or asymptomatic groups based on the results of the questionnaire survey. A 24-step binocular visual examination was undertaken. Data were analyzed with the one-sample t-test and an ROC curve to compare and establish normative values for Taiwanese young adults.Results: Among the 308 healthy Taiwanese young adults, the prevalence of accommodation or vergence anomalies was 15% (46 participants). The commonest dysfunctions in this study were accommodative excess and convergence excess. Most of the binocular visual functions in this study showed significant difference from the traditional normative values: amplitude of accommodation, base-in prism to break and recovery points at distance were better than the traditional normative values, whereas others were worse. In addition, different visual tasks require different binocular visual functions, and the ROC curve was used to analyze the normative values of binocular visual functions required for near work, visual perception, visual comfort, and body balance.Conclusion and Discussion: The mean values of binocular visual function in Taiwanese young adults were worse than that in the traditional normative values. With changing times, racial differences, and more tasks for visual needs, it is essential to establish binocular visual normative values for Taiwanese young adults.
Dihydroartemisinin protects against acute and chronic pain via SIRT3-dependent inhibition of peroxiredoxin-3 hyperacetylation and peroxynitrite accumulation in mice
Authors: Zhang Linlin , Wang Zhen , Wang Chunyan , Li Jing , Zhao Yuying , Zhang Haoyue , Yu Yonghao , Wang Guolin , Li Yize 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Pain is often refractory to most current analgesics, thus emphasizing the necessity for improved therapeutic medications. Oxidative insult is critical for spinal nociception sensitization. Recent studies report the removal of peroxynitrite by the 1st -line anti-malaria drug dihydroartemisinin (DHA) in several neurological disorders. Herein, we explored whether DHA inhibits pathological pain and investigated the potential targets of DHA in pain treatment.
Methods
Pain-related behaviors were evaluated to examine the effect of DHA on acute inflammatory pain induced by Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA), chronic neuropathic pain after peripheral nerve injury and paclitaxel application, as well as sarcoma-induced bone cancer pain in mice. Spinal SIRT3 activity, 3-nitrotyrosine production, peroxiredoxin-3 acetylation, spine morphology and synaptic plasticity were detected to elucidate substantially involved cascades.
Results
Intrathecal DHA administration prevented CFA-induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia and NMDA-induced acute spontaneous pain. Intrathecal DHA treatment impaired the initiation and maintenance of chronic neuropathic pain and cancer pain. Oral DHA therapy was effective against acute and chroinc pain. Furthermore, DHA reduced the spinal SIRT3 inactivation, 3-nitrotyrosine accumulation, peroxiredoxin-3 hyperacetylation and dendritic spine density in our pain models. Analgesic effect of DHA was eliminated by spinal SIRT3 inhibition. Additionally, DHA delivery blocked CFA and peripheral nerve injury mediated synaptic transmission in vitro.
Conclusion
DHA alleviates acute and chronic pain by increasing spinal SIRT3 activity to inhibit peroxiredoxin-3 hyperacetylation and peroxynitrite accumulation to impair structural and functional synaptic plasticity, suggesting that DHA may be a therapeutic strategy for pain-relief in clinics.
CCT2 enhances the proliferation and migration of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma via regulating cell cycle
Authors: Lu Lin , Li Xuerong , Zhao Yiwei , Zhai Xuefan , Cai Min , Bao Baicheng , Li Menghuan , Sun Jianbo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Recent therapeutic advances have improved the survival of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients, but the prognosis of HNSCC remains dismal. Further understanding of the underlying mechanism of HNSCC progression is still an urgent need. In this study, bioinformatics-based analysis revealed that Chaperonin containing TCP-1, subunit 2 (CCT2) is significantly upregulated in HNSCC and related to pathoclinical outcomes, which is validated by the fact that four human HNSCC cell lines all express higher CCT2 than the normal oral squamous cell line. Clinically, high CCT2 expression was positively associated with worse overall survival (OS) and TNM classification in HNSCC patients. Further study indicated that suppression of CCT2 by RNA interference significantly inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion, arrests cell cycle at G2 phase, and prevents epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of both SAS and HSC-3 cell lines. In vivo assays further verified that CCT2 knockdown inhibited tumor growth in HNSCC. Moreover, knockdown of CCT2 led to the significant decrease of Cdc20 as well as cyclin D1, cyclin E1, and CDK6 while increase of GSK3-α/β and p27, which shed light into molecular mechanism of CCT2 function. In conclusion, elevated CCT2 expression promotes HNSCC cell proliferation via Cdc20 mediated cyclin-CDK pathway and CCT2 would be a valuable prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in HNSCC.
Obese dogs exhibit different fecal microbiome and specific microbial networks compared with normal weight dogs
Authors: Kim Hanbeen , Seo Jakyeom , Park Tansol , Seo Kangmin , Cho Hyunwoo , Chun Julan , Kim Kihyun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Canine obesity is a major health concern that predisposes dogs to various disorders. The fecal microbiome has been attracting attention because of their impact on energy efficiency and metabolic disorders of host. However, little is known about specific microbial interactions, and how these may be affected by obesity in dogs. The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in fecal microbiome and specific microbial networks between obese and normal dogs. A total of 20 beagle dogs (males = 12, body weight [BW]: 10.5 ± 1.08 kg; females = 8, BW: 11.3 ± 1.71 kg; all 2-year-old) were fed to meet the maintenance energy requirements for 18 weeks. Then, 12 beagle dogs were selected based on body condition score (BCS) and divided into two groups: high BCS group (HBCS; BCS range: 7–9, males = 4, females = 2) and normal BCS group (NBCS; BCS range: 4–6, males = 4, females = 2). In the final week of the experiment, fecal samples were collected directly from the rectum, before breakfast, for analyzing the fecal microbiome using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.Results: The HBCS group had a significantly higher final BW than the NBCS group (P < 0.01). The relative abundances of Faecalibacterium, Phascolarctobacterium, Megamonas, Bacteroides, Mucispirillum, and an unclassified genus within Ruminococcaceae were significantly higher in the HBCS group than those in the NBCS group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, some Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) modules related to amino acid biosynthesis and B vitamins biosynthesis were enriched in the HBCS group (P < 0.10), whereas those related to carbohydrate metabolism were enriched in the NBCS group (P < 0.10). Microbial network analysis revealed distinct co-occurrence and mutually exclusive interactions between the HBCS and NBCS groups.Conclusions: In conclusion, several genera related to short-chain fatty acid production were enriched in the HBCS group. The enriched KEGG modules in the HBCS group enhanced energy efficiency through cross-feeding between auxotrophs and prototrophs. However, further studies are needed to investigate how specific networks can be interpreted in the context of fermentation characteristics in the lower gut and obesity in dogs.
The Effect of Hepatocyte Growth Factor on Intestinal Adaption in an Experimental Model of Short Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Bagias George , Misiakos Evangelos P , Charalampopoulos Anestis , Zavras Nick , Sakellariou Stratigoula , Schizas Dimitrios , Sukhotnik Igor , Giamarelos Evangelos , Pikoulis Emmanouil 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Nowadays, the standard therapy for patients with short bowel syndrome is parenteral nutrition (PN). Various growth factors have been tested in order to achieve weaning from prolonged PN administration. We evaluated the effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on structural intestinal adaptation and cell proliferation in a rat model of SBS.
Methods
Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups; group A rats (sham) underwent bowel transection, group B rats underwent a 75% bowel resection and group C rats underwent the same procedure but were treated postoperatively with HGF. Histopathologic parameters of intestinal adaptation were determined, while a microarray and a rt-PCR analyses of ileal RNA was also performed.
Results
Treatment with HGF resulted in significant increase in body weight, while the jejunal and ileal villus height and crypt depth were increased in HGF rats (36%, P < 0.05 and 27%, P < 0.05 respectively). Enterocyte proliferation was also significantly increased in HGF rats (21% P < 0.05). Microarray and quantitative rt-PCR analyses showed that the genes hgfac, rac 1, cdc42 and akt 1 were more than two-fold up-regulated after HGF treatment.
Conclusion
HGF emerges as a growth factor that enhances intestinal adaptation. The future use of HGF may potentially reduce the requirement for PN in SBS patients.
Inhibition of ventral tegmental area projections to the nucleus accumbens shell increases premature responding in the 5-Choice serial reaction time task in rats
Authors: Flores-Dourojeanni Jacques P. , Munkhof Marleen H. van den , Luijendijk Mieneke C.M. , Vanderschuren Louk J. M.J. , Adan Roger A.H. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Exaggerated impulsivity and attentional impairments are hallmarks of certain disorders of behavioural control such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia and addiction. Pharmacological studies have implicated elevated dopamine (DA) levels in the nucleus accumbens shell (NAcbS) in impulsive actions. The NAcbS receives its DA input from the ventral tegmental area (VTA), and we have previously shown that optogenetic activation of VTA-NAcbS projections impaired impulse control and attention in the five-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT) in rats. To better understand the role of VTA-NAcbS projections in impulsivity and attention, the present study sought to inhibit this projection using optogenetics. We demonstrate that inhibiting VTA-NAcbS efferents during the last seconds of the inter-trial interval (i.e., immediately before presentation of the instructive cue) induces exaggerated impulsive action, in the absence of changes in attentional or motivational parameters in the 5-CSRTT. Together with our earlier observations, this suggests that impulse control in the 5-CSRTT is tightly controlled by VTA-NAcbS activity, with deviations in both directions resulting in increased impulsivity.
Behavioral changes in senescent giant Pacific octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini) are associated with peripheral neural degeneration and loss of epithelial tissue
Authors: Holst Meghan M. , Hauver Camille M. , Stein Rachel S. , Milano Bianca L. , Zink Andrew G. , Watters Jason V. , Crook Robyn J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Most species of octopus experience extreme physical decline after a single reproductive bout which extends over a period of days, weeks, or months before eventual death. Although outward indicators of senescence are widely recognized, comparatively little is known about physiological and neural changes accompanying terminal decline in octopuses. Here, we measured changes in behavioral response to nociceptive stimuli across the lifespan in giant Pacific octopus (GPO), Enteroctopus dofleini, held in public aquariums in the USA. Post-euthanasia, tissue was collected from arm tips, and neural and epithelial cell degeneration was quantified and compared with biopsies of arm tips from healthy, pre-reproductive GPOs. Behavioral assays showed significant changes both in low threshold mechanosensory responses and nociceptive behavioral responses beginning early in senescence and extending until euthanasia. Histology data showed that while the ratio of apoptotic cells to total cell number stayed constant between healthy and senescent GPOs, overall neural and epithelial cell density was significantly lower in terminally senescent octopuses compared with healthy controls. Our data provide new insight into the time-course and causes of sensory dysfunction in senescent cephalopods and suggest proactive welfare management should begin early in the senescence phase, well before animals enter terminal decline.
Angelica Sinensis polysaccharide attenuates chondrocyte ferroptosis and alleviates cartilage degeneration in OA
Authors: Yin Guangrong , Ni Su , Wang Liangliang , Xu Nanwei , Zhao Gongyin , Zhu Ruixia , Jiang Shijie , Wang Jiahao , Zhou Baojun , Wang Yuji 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the common degenerative diseases. Its main pathogenesis is the progressive destruction of articular cartilage, synovitis, subchondral bone, and periarticular muscle changes. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that ferroptosis may be important in the progression of OA. Angelica Sinensis polysaccharide (ASP), a traditional Chinese medicine, possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties in chondrocytes. In this study, we observed that ferroptosis participates in OA’s progression. Importantly, GPX4, FTH1, and GSH expressions were higher while MDA level was down-regulated in the control group than in the OA group. Chondrocyte ferroptosis induced by erastin or IL-1β was rescued to varying degrees by ASP, Fer-1, or DFO in vitro. The anti-ferroptotic effect of ASP was related to Nrf2 nuclear transfer. In the rat joints, both DFO and ASP alleviated the cartilage damage induced by DMM or erastin. In summary, Chondrocyte ferroptosis plays a key role in OA progression, and ASP can partially rescue chondrocyte ferroptosis through the Nrf2-SLC7A11-GPX4 axis, supporting the view that ASP is an excellent inhibitor of ferroptosis, its inhibition of ferroptosis provides a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of OA.