bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The emerging roles of CFIm25 (NUDT21/CPSF5) in human biology and disease
Authors: Masamha Chioniso Patience 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe mammalian cleavage factor I subunit CFIm25 (NUDT21) binds to the UGUA sequences of precursor RNAs. Traditionally, CFIm25 is known to facilitate 3′ end formation of pre‐mRNAs resulting in the formation of polyadenylated transcripts. Recent studies suggest that CFIm25 may be involved in the cyclization and hence generation of circular RNAs (circRNAs) that contain UGUA motifs. These circRNAs act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) that disrupt the ceRNA–miRNA–mRNA axis. Other emerging roles of CFIm25 include regulating both alternative splicing and alternative polyadenylation (APA). APA generates different sized transcripts that may code for different proteins, or more commonly transcripts that code for the same protein but differ in the length and sequence content of their 3′ UTRs (3′ UTR‐APA). CFIm25 mediated global changes in 3′ UTR‐APA affect human physiology including spermatogenesis and the determination of cell fate. Deregulation of CFIm25 and changes in 3′ UTR‐APA have been implicated in several human diseases including cancer. In many cancers, CFIm25 acts as a tumor suppressor. However, there are some cancers where CFIm25 has the opposite effect. Alterations in CFIm25‐driven 3′ UTR‐APA may also play a role in neural dysfunction and fibrosis. CFIm25 mediated 3′ UTR‐APA changes can be used to generate specific signatures that can be used as potential biomarkers in development and disease. Due to the emerging role of CFIm25 as a regulator of the aforementioned RNA processing events, modulation of CFIm25 levels may be a novel viable therapeutic approach.This article is categorized under:
RNA Processing > 3′ End Processing
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
The reaction of NH4Cl with SO3: Two modifications of (NH4)[SO3Cl]
Authors: Zimmermann Vanessa , Schindler Lisa V. , van Gerven David , Wickleder Mathias S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe reaction of NH4Cl with SO3 leads to the chlorosulfate (NH4)[SO3Cl]. Depending on the reaction temperature two different modifications are obtained. At 80 °C the orthorhombic modification (NH4)[SO3Cl]‐I is obtained (Pbca, Z=16, a=1078.03(4), b=911.55(3), c=1915.32(6), Vm=70.85 cm3/mol), at 120 °C monoclinic (NH4)[SO3Cl]‐II forms (P21/c, Z=8, a=846.19(3), b=590.30(2), c=852.29(7) pm, β=100.516(10)°, Vm=68.48 cm3/mol). The observed bonds in the chlorosulfate anion are compared to the few know compounds of this type and to theoretical values based on DFT calculations.
Between Home and the City: Receiving and Controlling Strangers in Altona, 1740–1765
Authors: Ljungberg Johannes 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article investigates shifting expectations of hospitality and security in the eighteenth-century free town Altona. Although the Danish authorities preferred to keep the city relatively unregulated, the instruction for the burgher captains from 1748 introduced a more organized evening patrol, and the new police instructions from 1754 demanded detailed records of lodging guests to be reported to the police director on a daily basis. This order was motivated further in the city’s police director Johann Peter Willebrand’s book on the ideal police practice,Abrégé de la Police(1765). In this book, the importance of politeness and hospitality towards strangers and guests in the city was emphasized with clarifying examples from his experiences, ambitions, and seemingly utopian ideals, which the burgher captains were expected to support by performing their everyday duties. On the basis of Willebrand’s writings, police records, administrative correspondence, and travel accounts, as well as the burgher captains’ complaints about the hardship of their work, this article shows how the reforms of public security in eighteenth-century Altona strengthened colliding expectations of private and public responsibilities, and resulted in requests from the burgher captains for a more clear-cut division between home and city.
German Merchants in Novgorod: Hospitality and Hostility, Twelfth–Fifteenth Centuries
Authors: Lukin Pavel V. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRelationship between Novgorodians and Hanseatic merchants in the twelfth–fifteenth centuries present a striking example of long-term and ongoing interaction between communities differing in ethnicity, culture and Christian denominations in Northern Europe. There is a unique corpus of sources allowing to study contacts between them—numerous documents dating mostly from the fourteenth to fifteenth centuries, written in Middle Low German, related to the activities of the Hanseatic Kontor in Novgorod. Some very important evidence can also be found in Novgorodian sources: chronicles, hagiographical texts, laws and charters. The following issues are addressed in the chapter: the infra-structure of hospitality in Novgorod (first of all, history of the main residences of the Hanseatic merchants in Novgorod—the so-called “trading yards”); legal aspects and rhetoric of hospitality and hostility towards the guests and securitization of both hosts and guests; everyday practices of hospitality and hostility in Novgorod towards German merchants. The author comes to the conclusion that the “Black Legend” widespread in the mainstream scholarship in the nineteenth and in the first half of the twentieth centuries which assumed that relations between Novgorodians and German merchants had been almost exclusively hostile and based upon mutual distrust has to be revised. Novgorod was able to shape a variety of notions and practices, which allowed, despite conflicts, to efficiently keep contact with the numerous German merchant community for centuries.
Guests or Strangers? The Reception of Visiting Merchants in the Towns of the Baltic Rim, 1515–1559
Authors: Olsson Lovisa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLong-distance trade brought merchants, skippers, and other visiting traders to the early modern towns of the Baltic rim. This chapter explores how they were received in the visited towns through the court protocols from the towns of Lübeck, Malmö, Stockholm, and Reval covering the period 1515–1559. A spatial perspective on the reception of merchants and traders shows that the level of hospitality granted to visitors depended on their perceived trustworthiness and social standing. The view on visiting traders was conflicted, as they simultaneously offered possibilities for lucrative trade and posed a perceived threat to the social order of the early modern towns.
Ritualized Hospitality: The Negotiations of the Riga Capitulation and the Adventus of Boris Sheremetev in July 1710
Authors: Goetze Dorothée 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe inseparable connection between hospitality and hostility is a central characteristic of hospitality. This article takes up this aspect and examines it using the example of Riga’s surrender in July 1710. Within barely two weeks, the city and its inhabitants changed their legal status twice: from a besieged to an occupied city and from occupied to Russian subjects. These transformations were embedded in forms of ritualized hospitality in which attackers and besieged, occupied and new rulers met. While the provision of hostages in the course of the negotiations on the surrender of the city enabled non-hostile communication and were intended to ensure the success of the negotiations, the entry of the Russian General Field Marshal Sheremetev into the city of Riga ten days later transformed Riga into a Russian city and its inhabitants into Russian subjects. It thus served to display Russian rule and secure it.
Untangling the taxonomy of dahlia mosaic virus
Authors: Geering Andrew D. W. , McTaggart Alistair R. , Teycheney Pierre-Yves 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this brief note, we review the taxonomic history of dahlia mosaic virus (DMV) and related viruses. DMV is the only officially recognized caulimovirus known to infect dahlia (Dahlia variabilis) plants, although this virus appears to be relatively rare as a pathogen compared to a more recently described but unclassified caulimovirus called dahlia common mosaic virus (DCMV). We have undertaken a new set of analyses to test the hypothesis that DCMV represents a new caulimovirus species whose members infect dahlia, but we ultimately reject this hypothesis. A probable sequencing error was identified in the reference genome sequence of DMV, and consequently, we recommend that an alternative virus isolate be nominated as the exemplar for this species. In accordance with the new binomial nomenclatural system, it is proposed that the virus species be called “Caulimovirus dahliae”.
Is there a common reaction pathway for chromium sulfides as anodes in sodium-ion batteries? A case study about sodium storage properties of MCr2S4 (M = Cr, Ti, Fe)
Authors: Hartmann Felix , Liers Lina , Etter Martin , Terraschke Huayna , Bensch Wolfgang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We present new insights into the electrochemical properties of three metal sulfides MCr2S4 (M = Cr, Ti, Fe) probed as anode materials in sodium-ion batteries for the first time. The electrodes deliver decent reversible capacities and good long-term cycle stability, e.g., 470, 375, and 524 mAh g−1 are obtained after 200 cycles applying 0.5 A g−1 for M = Cr, Ti, and Fe, respectively. The reaction mechanisms are investigated via synchrotron-based X-ray powder diffraction and pair distribution function analyses. The highly crystalline educts are decomposed into Na2S nanoparticles and ultra-small metal particles during initial discharge without formation of intermediate NaCrS2 domains as previously reported for CuCrS2 and NiCr2S4. After a full cycle, the structural integrity of MCr2S4 (M = Cr, Ti, Fe) is not recovered. Thus, the Na storage properties are attributed to redox reactions between nanoscopic to X-ray amorphous conversion products with only local atomic correlations M···S/S···S in the charged and M···M/Na···S in the discharged state.
Graphical Abstract
Impact of digital technologies upon teaching and learning in higher education in Latin America: an outlook on the reach, barriers, and bottlenecks
Authors: Okoye Kingsley , Hussein Haruna , Arrona-Palacios Arturo , Quintero Héctor Nahún , Ortega Luis Omar Peña , Sanchez Angela Lopez , Ortiz Elena Arias , Escamilla Jose , Hosseini Samira 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Digital technology and literacy can heighten the transformation of teaching and learning in higher education institutions (HEIs). This study uncovers the extent to which digital technologies have been used to advance the teaching and learning process in HEIs, and the barriers and bottlenecks to why it may not have been effectively implemented across the HEIs. The study used nine selected countries in Latin America (LATAM) based on the main focus of the educators, commercial, and financial investors; to show the level of impact/implications of computer technologies on the teaching and learning processes. We applied a two-step (mixed) methodology (through a quantitative and qualitative lens) for the research investigation, using data collected from survey we administered to faculty members in HEIs across the different countries in LATAM. In turn, we implemented a Text Mining technique (sentiment and emotional valence analysis) to analyze opinions (textual data) given by the participants to help determine challenges and obstacles to using the digital technologies for teaching and learning in the region. Quantitatively, we applied a Kruskal–Wallis H-test to analyze the collected multiple choice and ranked items in the questionnaire in order to identify prominent factors that consummately influence the reach, barriers, and bottlenecks, and where the differences may lie across the different LATAM countries. The results show that the users upheld the emphasis on lack of training, infrastructures and resources, access to internet and digital platforms, as the main challenges to the teaching–learning process. The study also empirically discussed and shed light on critical factors the HEIs, particularly in LATAM, should resolve and adopt in support of the decision-making strategies, operational policies and governance, financial investments, and policymaking, at a time when “digital technologies” have become an inevitable and indispensable part of education and learning.
Entrepreneurial metacognition: a study on nascent entrepreneurs
Authors: Bastian Bob , Zucchella Antonella 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper contributes to uncovering the role of metacognition in the decision-making process of entrepreneurs. Specifically, we analyze nascent entrepreneurs in their process of start-up development while relying on metacognitive processes. The experiences of a sample of new venture initiatives are explored in two distinct phases, a start-up competition and the subsequent launch of their venture. Following the Gioia protocol, the study contextualizes the process in which social capital reinforces metacognitive processes. This process stimulates nascent entrepreneurs to consider alternatives, such as extending expertise outside the start-up. Moreover, we find that these processes support entrepreneurs and their teams in improving their decision-making processes. The findings support that nascent entrepreneurs rely heavily on the input of others in their start-up creation process, and contribute to new empirical insights about entrepreneurial metacognition. A dynamic model in which these relationships emerge is developed. The study’s results contribute to a better understanding of the antecedents and consequences of metacognitive processes in nascent entrepreneurship.
Laminar flow in channels with porous walls: advancing the existence, uniqueness and approximation of solutions via fixed point approaches
Authors: Almuthaybiri Saleh S. , Tisdell Christopher C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this work is to develop a more complete theory regarding solutions to the problem of laminar flow in channels with porous walls. We establish new knowledge regarding the qualitative and quantitative properties of solutions to a fourth order boundary value problem under consideration. In contrast to the previous literature, our strategy involves establishing new a priori bounds on solutions and draws on contractive mapping principles. This enables a deeper understanding of the problem by strategically addressing the questions of existence, uniqueness and approximation of solutions under one integrated framework, rather than applying somewhat disjointed approaches. Through this strategy, we advance current knowledge by extending the range of values of the Reynolds number under which the problem will admit a unique solution; and we furnish a sequence of functions whose limit converges to this solution, enabling an iterative approximation to any theoretical degree of accuracy.
Imaging of groin pain in athletes: patterns of injury at MRI and gender differences therein
Authors: Hynes John P. , O’Flaherty Meadhbh , Glynn David , Eustace Sarah , Kavanagh Eoin C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aim
The purpose of our study was to review a large cohort of athletes of all levels presenting with groin pain who underwent investigation with MRI and to determine what the commonest patterns of injury were. We aimed to explore whether particular findings were commonly found in association and whether measurable gender differences exist in the incidence of specific injuries.

Materials and methods
Imaging records were reviewed to identify MRI studies of the pelvis performed for the investigation of groin pain in patients who were active in sports/athletic pursuits. Findings were classified and recorded as follows: injury to the common rectus abdominis/adductor longus origin, injury to the short adductor muscles, pubic bone oedema, pubic symphysis degenerative changes, hip joint injury and ‘other’. The prevalence of specific injuries in female athletes compared to males was analysed using relative risk ratios.

Results
A total of 470 athletes underwent MRI for the investigation of groin pain during the study period. Forty-six were female, and 424 were male. Female athletes were significantly less likely to have rectus abdominis-adductor longus (RR = 0.31, p = .017), short adductor (RR = 0.14, p = .005) or hip (RR = 0.41, p = .003) injuries. Pubic bone degenerative changes were much more common in female athletes (RR = 7.37, p = .002).

Conclusion
Significant gender differences exist in the frequency with which specific injuries are observed. Female athletes are also significantly underrepresented; this is likely a multifactorial phenomenon; however, the possibility of unconscious referrer bias must be considered.
Açai Berry Mitigates Parkinson’s Disease Progression Showing Dopaminergic Neuroprotection via Nrf2-HO1 Pathways
Authors: D’Amico Ramona , Impellizzeri Daniela , Genovese Tiziana , Fusco Roberta , Peritore Alessio Filippo , Crupi Rosalia , Interdonato Livia , Franco Gianluca , Marino Ylenia , Arangia Alessia , Gugliandolo Enrico , Cuzzocrea Salvatore , Di Paola Rosanna , Siracusa Rosalba , Cordaro Marika 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe current pharmacological treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD) is focused on symptom alleviation rather than disease prevention. In this study, we look at a new strategy to neuroprotection that focuses on nutrition, by a supplementation with Açai berry in an experimental models of PD. Daily orally supplementation with Açai berry dissolved in saline at the dose of 500 mg/kg considerably reduced motor and non-motor symptom and neuronal cell death of the dopaminergic tract induced by 4 injections of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Furthermore, Açai berry administration reduced α-synuclein aggregation in neurons, enhanced tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter activities, and avoided dopamine depletion. Moreover, Açai berry administration was able to reduce astrogliosis and microgliosis as well as neuronal death. Its beneficial effects could be due to its bioactive phytochemical components that are able to stimulate nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) by counteracting the oxidative stress and neuroinflammation that are the basis of this neurodegenerative disease.
Beyond Acts and Omissions — Distinguishing Positive and Negative Duties at the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Wibye Johan Vorland 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe article examines methods of distinguishing positive and negative duties within the provisions of the European Convention of Human Rights as applied by the European Court of Human Rights. It highlights problems with tying positive duties to acts and negative duties to omissions, and sets out a supplemental delineation method when those problems lead to systematic classification errors: duties sort as positive if they have the capacity for multiple fulfilment options and negative if they only allow one fulfilment option. These delineation criteria allow for a more consistent reconstruction of case law and point to a causal mechanism for alleged asymmetries in proportionality review and margins of appreciation. Lastly, there are revisionary implications for human rights scholarship. Judgments have been sorted as positive rights cases because they feature a requirement that states commit to legislative amendment, yet performative acts of amendment may be continuous with underlying negative duties.
Sulfate removal from chemical industries' wastewater using ettringite precipitation process with recovery of Al(OH)3
Authors: Zahedi Roya , Mirmohammadi Seyed Javad 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate a simple and less expensive process for the removal of sulfate from Iranian Chemical Industries Investment Company' wastewater using the ettringite (a calcium aluminum sulfate (Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12.26H2O)) precipitation process. The optimum experimental conditions for sulfate removal and Al(OH)3 recovery were determined using batch experiments. Using Ca(OH)2 allowed to achieve optimum pH (pH = 12–12.5) for ettringite precipitation. The final residual sulfate concentration is dependent upon the aging time and reagent dosage. Sulfate ions were entirely removed in the ettringite precipitation step using fresh (after heating aluminum hydroxide for 10 h at 350 °C) and recovered Al(OH)3 with a aging time of 61 and 46 h, respectively. The initial concentration of calcium ions in the wastewater sample was also reduced to less than 20.04 mg/l after the carbonation step with 95% removal efficiency. This method with the recovery of Al(OH)3 through the decomposition of precipitated ettringite under low pH conditions is highly feasible and cost-effective for sulfate removal from sulfate-containing industries' wastewater.
Genetic diversity in Kashubs: the regional increase in the frequency of several disease-causing variants
Authors: Jankowski Maciej , Daca-Roszak Patrycja , Obracht-Prondzyński Cezary , Płoski Rafał , Lipska-Ziętkiewicz Beata S. , Ziętkiewicz Ewa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract Differential distribution of genetic variants’ frequency among human populations is caused by the genetic drift in isolated populations, historical migrations, and demography. Some of these variants are identical by descent and represent founder mutations, which — if pathogenic in nature — lead to the increased frequency of otherwise rare diseases. The detection of the increased regional prevalence of pathogenic variants may shed light on the historical processes that affected studied populations and can help to develop effective screening and diagnostic strategies as a part of personalized medicine. Here, we discuss the specific genetic diversity in Kashubs, the minority group living in northern Poland, reflected in the biased distribution of some of the repetitively found disease-causing variants. These include the following: (1) c.662A > G (p.Asp221Gly) in LDLR, causing heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia; (2) c.3700_3704del in BRCA1, associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome; (3) c.1528G > C (p.Glu510Gln) in HADHA, seen in long-chain 3-hydroxy acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) deficiency, and (4) c.1032delT in NPHS2, associated with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.
Pairwise classification using quantum support vector machine with Kronecker kernel
Authors: Nohara Taisei , Oyama Satoshi , Noda Itsuki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe investigated the potential application of quantum computing using the Kronecker kernel to pairwise classification and have devised a way to apply the Harrow-Hassidim-Lloyd (HHL)-based quantum support vector machine algorithm. Pairwise classification can be used to predict relationships among data and is used for problems such as link prediction and chemical interaction prediction. However, in pairwise classification using a Kronecker kernel, it is very costly to calculate the Kronecker product of the kernel matrices when there is a large amount of data. We found that the Kronecker product of kernel matrices can be represented more efficiently in time and space in quantum computing than that in classical computing. We also found that a pairwise classifier can be effectively trained by applying the HHL-based quantum support vector machine algorithm to the Kronecker kernel matrix. In an experiment comparing a classical algorithm with a quantum support vector machine with a Kronecker kernel run on a quantum computing simulator, the misclassification rate of the latter was almost the same as that of the former for the same pairwise classification problem in some cases. This indicates that a quantum support vector machine with a Kronecker kernel algorithm can achieve accuracy equivalent to that of the classical algorithm more efficiently and scalably. This finding paves the way for applying quantum machine learning to predicting relationships in large-scale data.