bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quasi-omnibearing retro-reflective metagrating protected by reciprocity
Authors: Jia Yuxiang , Wang Jiafu , Han Yajuan , Zhu Ruichao , Zhang Zhongtao , Yang Jie , Meng Yueyu , Li Yongfeng , Qu Shaobo 
Published: February 2022

Reciprocity is ubiquitous in antennas for receiving and radiating electromagnetic (EM) waves, i.e., if an antenna has good receiving performance at a given direction, it also has good radiation performance in that direction. Inspired by this, we propose a method of designing a quasi-ominibearing retro-reflective metagrating (RRMG) protected by the reciprocity of antennas. Based on the second-order mode around 15.0 GHz of a short-circuited structured patch antenna (SPA), incident transverse magnetic waves can be received, channeled into the coaxial lines, reflected by the shortened end, and finally re-radiated into free space with a reversed wave vector. RRMGs are contrived consisting of this identical SPA, with a grating constant allowing

±
2

nd-,

±
1

st-, and zeroth-order diffractions. Oblique incidence, plus the tilted nulls of the re-radiation pattern, can eliminate

−
1

st, zeroth,

+
1

st, and

+
2

nd orders, and only the

−
2

nd order is left to achieve retro-reflections. Prototypes were fabricated and measured. Simulated and measured results show that the RRMGs maintain only

−
2

nd-order diffraction for incident angles

32.2
°
≤

θ
i

<
90.0
°

in four quadrants, and that RRMGs can achieve quasi-omnibearing retro-reflections for

θ
i

=
50.0
°

. The use of higher-order diffraction brings more degrees of freedom in manipulating EM waves, and this strategy can be readily extended to millimeter waves, THz wave, or even optical regimes.
Interferometric method to estimate the eigenvalues of a non-Hermitian two-level optical system
Authors: Biasi Stefano , Franchi Riccardo , Mione Filippo , Pavesi Lorenzo 
Published: February 2022

Non-Hermitian physics has found a fertile ground in optics. Recently, the study of mode coalescence, i.e., exceptional points, has led to the discovery of intriguing and counterintuitive phenomena. Degeneracies are typically modeled through the coupled mode theory to determine the behavior of eigenstates and eigenvalues. However, the complex nature of the eigenvalues makes their characterization from the response spectrum difficult. Here, we demonstrate that a coherent interferometric excitation allows estimation of both the real and imaginary parts of the eigenvalues. We study the clockwise and counter-clockwise modes in optical microresonators both in the case of Hermitian and non-Hermitian intermodal coupling. We show the conditions by which a resonant doublet, due to the dissipative coupling of counter-propagating modes caused by surface roughness backscattering, merges to a single Lorentzian. This permits us to estimate the optimal quality factor of the microresonator in the absence of modal coupling caused by backscattering. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a taiji microresonator working at an exceptional point shows a degeneracy splitting only in one propagation direction and not in the other. This follows from the strongly non-Hermitian intermodal coupling caused by the inner S-shaped waveguide.
Preoperative nutritional evaluation of prostate cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy
Authors: Shu Wang , Tao Wu , Chunyan Hu , Jie Fan , Yuan Liu , Yan Xu , Huan Zhang , Liang Xie 
Published: February 2022

Background and objectiveProstate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant tumors in men. Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is an objective index for evaluating nutritional status of elderly people over 65 years old. The aim of the current study was to explore the correlation and predictive value between GNRI and postoperative recovery and complications in PCa patients undergoing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP).MethodsTaking 98 as the GNRI boundary value, 96 PCa patients (aged≥65 y) undergoing LRP in the Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from January 2018 to December 2020 were grouped into malnutrition group (MNg, 34 patients, 35.4%) and normal nutrition group (NNg, 62 patients, 64.6%). Basic information, laboratory examination indexes, operation conditions, postoperative complications and postoperative recovery indexes of patients were recorded and retrospectively analyzed. Clavien-Dindo Classification System (CDCS) was used to assess postoperative complications. T-test was used to analyze differences between the two groups. ROC curve was generated to determine the predictive value of GNRI for postoperative complications.ResultsPercentage of complications was significantly higher in MNg group compared with that in NNg group (P< 0.01). The average grade based on CDCS was significantly lower in NNg group compared with that in MNg group (P< 0.01). Body weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), preoperative hemoglobin value (HGB), serum albumin (ALB) values of MNg and NNg were significantly positively correlated with GNRI (P<0.01). Incidence and severity of postoperative complications of MNg patients were significantly higher compared with those of NNg patients (P<0.05). Average hospitalization cost of MNg patients was higher in MNg patients compared with that of NNg patients (P<0.05). Duration of post-anesthesia care unit (PACU), duration of antibiotic use and duration of indwelling drainage tube were longer in MNg patients compared with those in NNg patients (P<0.05). Furthermore, volume of indwelling drainage tube was higher in MNg patients compared with that in NNg patients (P<0.05).ConclusionGNRI is an effective and reliable tool for evaluation of preoperative nutritional status of prostate cancer patients. The findings showed that GNRI is correlated with postoperative recovery and complications, and is an effective predictive marker.
The effect of peer education based on adolescent health education on the resilience of children and adolescents: A cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tang Yinshuang , Diao Hua , Jin Feng , Pu Yang , Wang Hong 
Published: February 2022

Background
An increasing number of children and adolescents have reported mental health problems, and resilience is a protective factor against these problems. Therefore, the aim of the study is to verify the effect of peer education based on adolescent health education on adolescent resilience.

Method
A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted including 1,613 students who were divided into an intervention group (19 classes, 732 participants) and a control group (24 classes, 881 participants). One-year peer education was performed in the intervention group, and the control group had no interventions. The Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents by Yueqin Hu and a self-designed basic information questionnaire were used to collect data. Chi-square test and rank-sum test were used to compare the differences of demographic characteristics between the two groups. A linear mixed model was used to compare the changes of resilience between the two groups after intervention, and the intra-cluster correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated. A generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to verify the effect of peer education on adolescent resilience. The significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results
After intervention, compared with the control group, the intervention group showed significant improvement in target focus, emotion adjustment, interpersonal assistance and total resilience (P < 0.05). The ICC range was 0.003 to 0.034. The GLMM results indicated that peer education based on adolescent health education had significant effects on adolescents’ target focus (β = 0.893, P = 0.002), emotional adjustment (β = 1.766, P < 0.001), interpersonal assistance (β = 1.722, P = 0.016) and total mental resilience (β = 5.391, P < 0.001), and the effect was greater for boys than for girls.

Conclusions
Peer education based on adolescent health education is effective for improving adolescents’ target focus, emotional adjustment, interpersonal assistance, and total resilience, especially for males. Future research should devote more attention to positive cognition and family support as well as gender differences.
Older adults’ perceptions of government handling of COVID-19: Predictors of protective behaviors from lockdown to post-lockdown
Authors: Kiah Hui Siew Savannah , Chia Jonathan Louis , Mahendran Rathi , Yu Junhong 
Published: February 2022

Background
Distrust, and more broadly, public perception of government’s handling of a crisis, has been a widely studied topic within health crisis research and suggests that these perceptions are significantly associated with the behavior of its citizens.

Purpose
To understand which aspects of the public’s perception of government handling of the COVID-19 pandemic predicted engagement of protective behaviors among older adults, who are the most vulnerable to COVID-19.

Methods
Participants were recruited from an ongoing biopsychosocial study on aging amongst community-dwelling older adults. There were two rounds of data collection, during the national lockdown and post-lockdown. The average length of follow-up was 5.88 months. N = 421 completed the first round of data collection and N = 318 subsequently completed the second round of questionnaires.

Results
During the lockdown, perceptions that pandemic-related measures in place were sufficient, effective, timely, provided a sense of safety, important information was easily accessible, and government handling of the pandemic could be trusted, were found to significantly predict engagement in protective behaviors. During post-lockdown, only perceptions that measures in place were sufficient, provided a sense of safety, and important information was easily accessible, remained significant predictors. The perception that COVID-19 measures were clear and easy to understand now became a significant predictor.

Conclusions
Public perceptions of government handling of the pandemic predicted engagement in protective behaviors but were less important during post-lockdown. To effectively engage older adults in protective behavior, our findings suggest for pandemic-related information to be accessible, introducing timely safety measures, and having easy-to-understand instructions for nuanced measures.
Impact of Q-fever on physical and psychosocial functioning until 8 years after Coxiella burnetii infection: An integrative data analysis
Authors: Reukers Daphne F. M. , van Jaarsveld Cornelia H. M. , Akkermans Reinier P. , Keijmel Stephan P. , Morroy Gabriella , van Dam Adriana S. G. , Wever Peter C. , Wielders Cornelia C. H. , van der Velden Koos , van Loenhout Joris A. F. , Hautvast Jeannine L. A. 
Published: February 2022

Background
This study aimed to determine short- and long-term physical and psychosocial impact of Coxiella burnetii infection in three distinct entities: Q-fever fatigue syndrome (QFS), chronic Q-fever, and patients with past acute Q-fever without QFS or chronic Q-fever.

Methods
Integrative data analysis was performed, combining original data from eight studies measuring quality of life (QoL), fatigue, physical and social functioning with identical validated questionnaires, from three months to eight years after onset infection. Linear trends in each outcome were compared between Q-fever groups using multilevel linear regression analyses to account for repeated measures within patients.

Results
Data included 3947 observations of 2313 individual patients (228 QFS, 135 chronic Q-fever and 1950 patients with past acute Q-fever). In the first years following infection, physical and psychosocial impact was highest among QFS patients, and remained high without significant improvements over time. In chronic Q-fever patients, QoL and physical functioning worsened significantly over time. Levels of fatigue and social participation in patients with past acute Q-fever improved significantly over time.

Conclusion
The impact differs greatly between the three Q-fever groups. It is important that physicians are aware of these differences, in order to provide relevant care for each patient group.
Emergency department visits due to hand trauma and subsequent emergency hand surgery in three Finnish hospitals during the first and second waves of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kuitunen Ilari , Jokihaara Jarkko , Ponkilainen Ville , Reito Aleksi , Paloneva Juha , Mattila Ville M. , Launonen Antti P. 
Published: February 2022

Introductions
The rate of acute hand trauma visits to emergency departments (ED) and surgeries decreased during the COVID-19 lockdown. Our aim was to analyze the influence of national lockdown during the first wave and the regional restrictions during the second wave on the rate of visits to the ED and urgent hand surgeries in Finland.

Methods
Material for this retrospective study was gathered from three Finnish hospitals All ED visits and urgent or emergency surgeries from January 2017 to December 2020 were included. Incidences per 100 000 persons with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated and compared by incidence rate ratios (IRR).

Results
The incidence of hand injury was lower after the beginning of the lockdown in March 2020 (IRR 0.70 CI 0.63–0.78). After lockdown ended in May, the monthly incidences of ED visits returned to the reference level. During the lockdown, the incidence of fractures and dislocations was 42% lower in March (IRR 0.58 CI 0.50–0.68) and 33% lower in April 2020 (IRR 0.67 CI 0.57–0.80). The incidence of fracture repair surgeries was 43% lower in March 2020 (IRR 0.57 CI 0.35–0.93) and 41% lower in July 2020 (IRR 0.59 CI 0.36–0.98). Incidence of replantation was 49% higher in March 2020 (IRR 1.49 CI 0.53–4.20) and 200% higher in July 2020 (IRR 3.00 CI 0.68–13.2) but these increases had high uncertainty.

Conclusions
The rate of ED visits due to hand injuries decreased while the rate of emergency hand operations remained unchanged during the national COVID-19 lockdown in spring. After the lockdown, the incidences returned to reference level and were unaffected by regional restrictions during the second wave of pandemic.
More Endoscopy-Based Brushing Passes Improve the Detection of Malignant Biliary Strictures: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wang Junjun , Xia Mingxing , Jin Yubiao , Zheng Haiming , Shen Zhenyang , Dai Weiming , Li Xiaoman , Kang Mei , Wan Rong , Lu Lungen , Hu Bing , Wan Xinjian , Cai Xiaobo 
Published: February 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Endoscopic biliary brushing is the most common method used for sampling in patients with malignant biliary strictures (MBSs); however, its sensitivity is relatively low. There is still no consensus on endoscopy-based biliary brushing, although brushing 10 times in 1 specimen is routinely performed. This study was designed to compare the sensitivity of brush cytology for 10, 20, or 30 brushing times of a pass in 1 specimen in patients with MBSs.

METHODS:
In this multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled study, patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for suspected MBSs were enrolled. Patients were randomly assigned to receive 10, 20, and 30 brushing times of a pass. The primary outcome was to compare the sensitivity of brush cytology among the 3 groups. Patients were prospectively followed up for 6 months after endoscopic brushing for malignancy diagnosis.

RESULTS:
A total of 443 patients were enrolled for intention-to-treat analysis (147, 148, and 148 patients in the 10-times, 20-times, and 30-time groups, respectively). The 3 groups were similar in baseline characteristics. The sensitivity of brush cytology was 38%, 47%, and 57% in the 10-times, 20-times, and 30-times groups, respectively, and the 30-times group showed significantly higher sensitivity than the 10-times group (P = 0.001). The multivariate analysis revealed that stricture length and the number of brushing passes were significant factors for the detection of biliary malignancy. No significant differences were observed in procedure-related complications among the 3 groups.

DISCUSSION:
Brushing 30 times could increase the diagnostic sensitivity without increasing complications and seems to be preferred for the endoscopic sampling and diagnosis of MBSs (chictr.org.cn, identifier: ChiCTR1800015978).
Processos grupais e atividade docente: uma proposta interventiva para saúde psicológica
Authors: Fernandes Luciete Valota 
Published: February 2022

A pesquisa investigou como o processo grupal pode ser um instrumento de resistência ao sofrimento, ao adoecimento e à alienação no trabalho docente. Apresenta como aportes teóricos a Psicologia Histórico-Cultural e a perspectiva histórico-dialética dos grupos humanos. Os procedimentos metodológicos basearam-se em uma palestra sobre “Saúde do Professor”, entrevistas de orientação e o processo grupal concreto. Os resultados principais demonstram que a reflexão coletiva sobre os elementos singulares e gerais da negatividade e da positividade do trabalho docente produzem contradições e avanços nas consciências pedagógicas. O processo grupal permite a satisfação de múltiplas necessidades humanizadoras que se transformam em motivos estimuladores das atividades individuais, quais sejam: motivos terapêuticos, motivos reveladores das dificuldades docentes, motivos de aprendizagem, motivos do trabalho coletivo, motivos reflexivos do processo saúde-doença e motivos afetivo-emocionais. A satisfação das necessidades humanizadoras, obliteradas no plano concreto da realidade escolar e social, produzem afetos positivos nos professores. Essas constatações autorizam a defesa da tese de que a atividade grupal e coletiva gera processos de resistência ao sofrimento e à alienação no trabalho pedagógico e, por conseguinte, de saúde psicológica.
O farmacêutico no diagnóstico molecular do SARS-CoV-2 na costa do descobrimento e no extremo sul da Bahia
Authors: Santana Juliano Oliveira 
Published: February 2022

O surgimento e a rápida disseminação do vírus SARS-CoV-2, microrganismo causador da doença Covid-19, na cidade de Wuhan na China, representa uma crise de saúde que foi declarada pandêmica em 11 de março de 2020. No mesmo mês, a cidade de Porto Seguro, situada na Costa do Descobrimento e localizada na região sul da Bahia, contabilizava seus primeiros habitantes com diagnóstico da doença. A técnica padrão-ouro utilizada no diagnóstico laboratorial é o RT-PCR, que detecta a presença do material genético do vírus. A técnica possui algumas limitações: é mais lenta, exige profissionais altamente qualificados e requer aparelhos especializados. A carência de farmacêuticos com habilidades nas técnicas de biologia molecular para atuar no diagnóstico, na pandemia, motivou o desenvolvimento deste trabalho. Além do diagnóstico laboratorial, foram observadas as características clínicas dos cidadãos porto-segurenses infectados, que tiveram o diagnóstico confirmado pela técnica de RT-PCR. O maior percentual de amostras positivas foi entre os pacientes de 30 e 59 anos (70,3%) e o sintoma simultâneo mais comum foi a tosse (61,2%). No início da pandemia, não estava definida a correlação entre sinais, sintomas e o diagnóstico da doença, o que ressalta a grande relevância deste trabalho, e destaca a importância do farmacêutico frente ao diagnóstico laboratorial do SARS-CoV-2.
Implementação da conciliação medicamentosa remota durante a pandemia
Authors: Nagaishi Luiza Akemi , Lamberti Helen Duarte , Costa Carolina Rizzaro , Camargo Marcelo Bueno , Batista Marina de Jesus , Pardini Suelen Oliveira , De Sousa Valéria Almeida , Munhos Renata Cristina Melo 
Published: February 2022

A conciliação medicamentosa tem como objetivo prevenir erros de medicação resultantes de discrepâncias da prescrição, e associada à anamnese, permite conhecer de forma global a história de saúde do paciente. O início da pandemia pelo novo coronavírus, causador da Covid-19, impôs o isolamento social, circunstância que afetou diretamente o acesso ao serviço de conciliação medicamentosa. Para realizá-la, o farmacêutico precisa entrevistar o paciente ou seus acompanhantes, especialmente quando este possui dificuldades de comunicação e entendimento, ou está em uso de intubação orotraqueal (IOT). O objetivo foi implementar um serviço de conciliação medicamentosa via remota, para obter dados destinados ao desenvolvimento adequado da farmacoterapia,além de garantir a assistência completa, visando a segurança do paciente desde a admissão hospitalar. Após a implementação do serviço remoto, em março de 2021, foi verificada a ampliação do número de pacientes comconciliação medicamentosa realizada nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva de Covid-19, chegando a uma taxa média de 99,2%. O índice garantiu uma melhoria na linha de cuidado do paciente durante a internação hospitalar.
Clínica ampliada e compartilhada no cuidado em diabetes mellitus na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Timote Rafael Augusto de Jesus , Nascimento Barbara Valéria de Souza Santos , Carvalho Marselle Nobre de 
Published: February 2022

Trata-se de um relato da experiência no acompanhamento multiprofissional do paciente com diabetes, pautado na diretriz de clínica ampliada e compartilhada do Programa Nacional de Humanização (HumanizaSUS). O presente trabalho busca expor a experiência do cuidado compartilhado, entre o usuário J. C. R., de 72 anos, vivendo com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) há mais de 20 anos, e o farmacêutico e o nutricionista, com apoio das equipes do Núcleo de Ampliado de Saúde da Família (Nasf) e da Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) da UBSItapoã, na zona sul de Londrina. Foi considerado o período entre janeiro e outubro de 2021, após descontinuidade do cuidado, devido ao advento da pandemia de Covid-19.A clínica ampliada e compartilhada consiste em uma ferramenta de apoio a uma abordagem clínica do processo de sofrimento e adoecimento. É considerada a individualidade do sujeito, buscando contornar a ineficáciade condutas terapêuticas verticalizadas e fragmentadas. Por meio das intervenções da equipe, pautadas nessa diretriz, observou-se uma redução de 2,79% em HbA1c, o que representa uma queda em 81 mg/dL na glicemia média estimada (GME). As intervenções realizadas focaram, exclusivamente, no uso adequado do medicamento e na adoção de hábitos de vida mais saudáveis, não havendo necessidade de ajuste de farmacoterapia para alcance da meta terapêutica.
Pressure-induced flow processing behind the superior mechanical properties and heat-resistance performance of poly(butylene succinate)
Authors: Kuang Tairong , Zeng Runhang , Hejna Aleksander , Saeb Mohammad Reza , Wu Bozhen , Chen Feng , Liu Tong , Zhong Mingqiang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We propose a pressure-induced flow (PIF) processing method for the simultaneous enhancement of strength, toughness, and heat resistance of biodegradable poly(butylene succinate) (PBS). The pressure and temperature were systematically adjusted to optimize the tensile strength of PBS. Under the optimized processing conditions, the structured PBS was characterized by relatively high strength of 89.5 MPa, toughness of 21.4 kJ·m−2, and improved heat resistance without deterioration of much of its ductility. Microscopic analyses witnessed denser and highly oriented crystalline domains along the flow direction caused by PIF processing. Detailed crystallization analysis made by 2D-WAXD and 2D-SAXS unraveled the extremely ordered PBS domains, which were featured by a significant increase in the orientation degree from 0.25 for the reference to 0.73 for PIF-processed PBS. Such a highly ordered microstructure substantially boosted the degree of crystallinity and heat-resistance temperature of PBS. We believe that our findings would offer a facile, green, and cost-effective approach for fabricating biodegradable polymers with outstanding properties and performance.