bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential age-dependent development of inter-area brain connectivity in term and preterm neonates
Authors: Arimitsu Takeshi , Shinohara Naomi , Minagawa Yasuyo , Hoshino Eiichi , Hata Masahiro , Takahashi Takao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Among preterm infants, higher morbidities of neurological disturbances and developmental delays are critical issues. Resting-state networks (RSNs) in the brain are suitable measures for assessing higher-level neurocognition. Since investigating task-related brain activity is difficult in neonates, assessment of RSNs provides invaluable insight into their neurocognitive development.

Methods
The participants, 32 term and 71 preterm neonates, were divided into three groups based on gestational age (GA) at birth. Cerebral hemodynamic activity of RSNs was measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy in the temporal, frontal, and parietal regions.

Results
High-GA preterm infants (GA ≥ 30 weeks) had a significantly stronger RSN than low-GA preterm infants and term infants. Regression analyses of RSNs as a function of postnatal age (PNA) revealed a steeper regression line in the high-GA preterm and term infants than in the low-GA infants, particularly for inter-area brain connectivity between the frontal and left temporal areas.

Conclusions
Slower PNA-dependent development of the frontal–temporal network found only in the low-GA group suggests that significant brain growth optimal in the intrauterine environment takes place before 30 weeks of gestation. The present study suggests a likely reason for the high incidence of neurodevelopmental impairment in early preterm infants.

Impact

Resting-state fNIRS measurements in three neonate groups differing in gestational age (GA) showed stronger networks in the high-GA preterm infants than in the term and low-GA infants, which was partly explained by postnatal age (PNA).

Regression analyses revealed a similar PNA-dependence in the development of the inter-area networks in the frontal and temporal lobes in the high-GA and term infants, and significantly slower development in the low-GA infants.

These results suggest that optimal intrauterine brain growth takes place before 30 weeks of gestation. This explains one of the reasons for the high incidence of neurodevelopmental impairment in early preterm infants.
Walking improvement in chronic incomplete spinal cord injury with exoskeleton robotic training (WISE): a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Edwards Dylan J. , Forrest Gail , Cortes Mar , Weightman Margaret M. , Sadowsky Cristina , Chang Shuo-Hsiu , Furman Kimberly , Bialek Amy , Prokup Sara , Carlow John , VanHiel Leslie , Kemp Laura , Musick Darrell , Campo Marc , Jayaraman Arun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Study design
Clinical trial.

Objective
To demonstrate that a 12-week exoskeleton-based robotic gait training regimen can lead to a clinically meaningful improvement in independent gait speed, in community-dwelling participants with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI).

Setting
Outpatient rehabilitation or research institute.

Methods
Multi-site (United States), randomized, controlled trial, comparing exoskeleton gait training (12 weeks, 36 sessions) with standard gait training or no gait training (2:2:1 randomization) in chronic iSCI (>1 year post injury, AIS-C, and D), with residual stepping ability. The primary outcome measure was change in robot-independent gait speed (10-meter walk test, 10MWT) post 12-week intervention. Secondary outcomes included: Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG), 6-min walk test (6MWT), Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury (WISCI-II) (assistance and devices), and treating therapist NASA-Task Load Index.

Results
Twenty-five participants completed the assessments and training as assigned (9 Ekso, 10 Active Control, 6 Passive Control). Mean change in gait speed at the primary endpoint was not statistically significant. The proportion of participants with improvement in clinical ambulation category from home to community speed post-intervention was greatest in the Ekso group (>1/2 Ekso, 1/3 Active Control, 0 Passive Control, p < 0.05). Improvements in secondary outcome measures were not significant.

Conclusions
Twelve weeks of exoskeleton robotic training in chronic SCI participants with independent stepping ability at baseline can improve clinical ambulatory status. Improvements in raw gait speed were not statistically significant at the group level, which may guide future trials for participant inclusion criteria. While generally safe and tolerable, larger gains in ambulation might be associated with higher risk for non-serious adverse events.
Impact of CYP2C19 metaboliser status on SSRI response: a retrospective study of 9500 participants of the Australian Genetics of Depression Study
Authors: Campos Adrian I. , Byrne Enda M. , Mitchell Brittany L. , Wray Naomi R. , Lind Penelope A. , Licinio Julio , Medland Sarah E. , Martin Nicholas G. , Hickie Ian B. , Rentería Miguel E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundVariation within theCYP2C19gene has been linked to differential metabolism of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Pharmacogenetic recommendations based on the effect ofCYP2C19variants have been made available and are used increasingly by clinical practitioners. Nonetheless, the underlying assumption linking differential metabolism to efficacy or adverse side effects remains understudied. Here, we aim to fill this gap by studyingCYP2C19polymorphisms and inferred metabolism and patient-reported antidepressant response in a sample of 9531 Australian adults who have taken SSRIs.MethodsMetaboliser status was inferred for participants based onCYP2C19alleles. Primary analysis consisted of assessing differences in treatment efficacy and tolerability betweennormal(reference) and:ultrarapid,rapid,intermediateandpoormetabolisers.ResultsAcross medications, poor metabolisers reported a higher efficacy, whereas rapid metabolisers reported higher tolerability. When stratified by drug, associations between metaboliser status and efficacy did not survive multiple testing correction. Intermediate metabolisers were at greater odds of reporting any side effect for sertraline and higher number of side effects across medications and for sertraline.ConclusionsThe effects between metaboliser status and treatment efficacy, tolerability and side effects were in the expected direction. Our power analysis suggests we would detect moderate to large effects, at least nominally. Reduced power may also be explained by heterogeneity in antidepressant dosages or concomitant medications, which we did not measure. The fact that we identify slower metabolisers to be at higher risk of side effects even without adjusting for clinical titration, and the nominally significant associations consistent with the expected metabolic effects provide new evidence for the link between CYP2C19 metabolism and SSRI response. Nonetheless, longitudinal and interventional designs such as randomized clinical trials that stratify by metaboliser status are necessary to establish the effects ofCYP2C19metabolism on SSRI treatment efficacy or adverse effects.
Short and Medium-term Outcomes of Omphalocele and Gastroschisis: A Survey from a Tertiary Center
Authors: Marques Alexandra Tavares , Estevão-Costa José , Soares Henrique , Fragoso Ana Catarina 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective To characterize and compare the outcomes of omphalocele and gastroschisis from birth to 2 years of follow-up in a recent cohort at a tertiary center.
Methods This is a retrospective clinical record review of all patients with gastroschisis and omphalocele admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit between January 2009 and December 2019.
Results There were 38 patients, 13 of whom had omphalocele, and 25 of whom had gastroschisis. Associated anomalies were present in 6 patients (46.2%) with omphalocele and in 10 (41.7%) patients with gastroschisis. Compared with patients with omphalocele, those with gastroschisis had younger mothers (24.7 versus 29.6 years; p = 0.033), were born earlier (36 versus 37 weeks, p = 0.006), had lower birth weight (2365 ± 430.4 versus 2944.2 ± 571.9 g; p = 0.001), and had a longer hospital stay (24 versus 9 days, p = 0.001). The neonatal survival rate was 92.3% for omphalocele and 91.7% for gastroschisis. Thirty-four patients were followed-up over a median of 24 months; 13 patients with gastroschisis (59.1%) and 8 patients with omphalocele (66.7%) had at least one adverse event, mainly umbilical hernia (27.3% vs 41.7%), intestinal obstruction (31.8% vs 8.3%), or additional surgical interventions (27.3% vs 33.3%).
Conclusion Despite the high proportion of prematurity, low birth weight, and protracted recovery, gastroschisis and omphalocele (without chromosomal abnormalities) may achieve very high survival rates; on the other hand, complications may develop in the first years of life. Thus, a very positive perspective in terms of survival should be transmitted to future parents, but they should also be informed that substantial morbidity may occur in the medium term.
Peripartum Hysterectomy: Is There Any Difference Between Emergency and Planned Surgeries?
Authors: Oge Tufan , Tokgoz Vehbi Yavuz , Cakmak Yusuf , Velipasaoglu Melih 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective To compare the outcomes of emergency and planned peripartum hysterectomies.
Methods The present retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in two hospitals. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared according to emergency and planned peripartum hysterectomies.
Results A total of 34,020 deliveries were evaluated retrospectively, and 66 cases of peripartum hysterectomy were analyzed. Of these, 31 were cases of planned surgery, and 35 were cases of emergency surgery. The patients who underwent planned peripartum hysterectomy had a lower rate of blood transfusion (83.9% versus 100%; p = 0.014), and higher postoperative hemoglobin levels (9.9 ± 1.3 versus 8.3 ± 1.3; p < 0.001) compared with the emergency hysterectomy group. The birth weight was lower, although the appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration (Apgar) scores were higher in the planned surgery group compared with the emergency cases.
Conclusion Planned peripartum hysterectomy with an experienced team results in less need for transfusion and improved neonatal outcomes compared with emergency peripartum hysterectomy.
Is There Any Effect of the Physician Performing Embryo Transfer in IVF-ICSI Treatment: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Inal Zeynep Ozturk , Inal Hasan Ali , Aksoy Emine , Mermer Sultan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective To evaluate whether there is an effect of the physician who transfers the embryos on pregnancy rates in in vitro fertilization-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI) treatment.
Methods A total of 757 participants were analyzed between 2012 and 2017. Participants were classified according to 3 physicians who transferred the embryos: ([group 1 = 164 patients]; [group 2 = 233 patients]; [group 3 = 360 patients]). Baseline parameters and IVF-ICSI outcomes were compared between the groups.
Results No differences were determined between the groups regarding the baseline parameters (age, age subgroups [20–29, 30–39, and ≥ 40 years old)], body mass index (BMI), smoking status, infertility period, cause of infertility, baseline follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol (E2), thyroid stimulating hormone, prolactin levels, antral follicle count, duration of stimulation, stimulation protocol, gonadotropin dose required, maximum E2 levels, progesterone levels, endometrial thickness on human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration and transfer days (p > 0.05). The numbers of oocytes retrieved, metaphase II (MII), 2 pronucleus (2PN), , transferred embryo, fertilization rate, day of embryo transfer, the catheter effect and embryo transfer technique, and clinical pregnancy rates (CPRs) were also comparable between the groups (p > 0.05).
Conclusion Our data suggests that the physician who transfers the embryos has no impact on CPRs in patients who have undergone IVF-ICSI, but further studies with more participants are required to elucidate this situation.
Assistance to Victims of Sexual Violence in a Referral Service: A 10-Year Experience
Authors: de Jesus Gabriel Ramalho , Rodrigues Natália Pavoni , Braga Giordana Campos , Abduch Renata , Melli Patricia Pereira dos Santos , Duarte Geraldo , Quintana Silvana Maria 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the assistance provided to women victims of sexual violence and their participation in the follow-up treatment after the traumatic event, presenting a sociodemographic profile, gynecological background, and circumstances of the event, and reporting the results, acceptance, and side effects of prophylaxis for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and pregnancy.
Methods A retrospective cohort study comprising the period between 2007 and 2016. All women receiving medical care and clinical follow-up after a severe episode of sexual violence were included. Records of domestic violence, male victims, children, and adolescents who reported consensual sexual activity were excluded. The present study included descriptive statistics as frequencies and percentages.
Results A total of 867 medical records were reviewed and 444 cases of sexual violence were included. The age of the victims ranged from 10 to 77 years old, most of them self-declared white, with between 4 and 8 years of education, and denying having a sexual partner. Sexual violence occurred predominantly at night, on public thoroughfare, being committed by an unknown offender. Most victims were assisted at the referral service center within 72 hours after the violence, enabling the recommended prophylaxis. There was high acceptance of antiretroviral therapy (ART), although half of the users reported side effects. Seroconversion to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or to hepatitis B virus (HBV) was not detected in women undergoing prophylaxis.
Conclusion In the present cohort, the profile of victims of sexual violence was low-educated, young, white women. The traumatic event occurred predominantly at night, on public thoroughfare, being committed by an unknown offender. Assistance within the first 72 hours after sexual violence enables the healthcare center to provide prophylactic interventions against STIs and unwanted pregnancies.
Efficacy of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in the Reduction of Pain and Opioid Requirement in Laparoscopic and Robot-assisted Hysterectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: López-Ruiz Claudia , Orjuela Jerutsa Catalina , Rojas-Gualdrón Diego Fernando , Jimenez-Arango Marcela , Ríos José Fernando de los , Vásquez-Trespalacios Elsa Maria , Vargas Claudia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective To summarize the available evidence of TAP Block in efficacy in laparoscopic or robotic hysterectomy.
Data Sources We searched databases and gray literature for randomized controlled trials in which transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block was compared with placebo or with no treatment in patients who underwent laparoscopic or robot-assisted hysterectomy.
Method of Study Selection Two researchers independently evaluated the eligibility of the selected articles.
Tabulation, Integration, and Results Seven studies were selected, involving 518 patients. Early postoperative pain showed a difference in the mean mean difference (MD): - 1.17 (95% confidence interval [CI]: - 1.87–0.46) in pain scale scores (I2 = 68%), which was statistically significant in favor of using TAP block, but without clinical relevance; late postoperative pain: DM 0.001 (95%CI: - 0.43–0.44; I2 = 69%); opioid requirement: DM 0.36 (95%CI: - 0.94–1.68; I2 = 80%); and incidence of nausea and vomiting with a difference of 95%CI = - 0.11 (- 0.215–0.006) in favor of TAP.
Conclusion With moderate strength of evidence, due to the high heterogeneity and imbalance in baseline characteristics among studies, the results indicate that TAP block should not be considered as a clinically relevant analgesic technique to improve postoperative pain in laparoscopic or robotic hysterectomy, despite statistical significance in early postoperative pain scale scores.
Clinical Trial Number and Registry: PROSPERO ID - CRD42018103573.
Perinatal Outcomes after Fetal Endoscopic Tracheal Occlusion for Isolated Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: Rapid Review
Authors: da-Costa-Santos Juliana , Bennini João Renato 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective To compare the perinatal outcomes of fetuses with isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia after fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion (FETO) and antenatal expectant management.
Data sources In this rapid review, searches were conducted in the MEDLINE, PMC, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases between August 10th and September 4th, 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-RCTs or cluster-RCTs published in English in the past ten years were included.
Study selection We retrieved 203 publications; 180 studies were screened by abstract. Full-text selection was performed for eight studies, and 1 single center RCT met the inclusion criteria (41 randomized women; 20 in the FETO group, and 21 in the control group).
Data collection Data collection was performed independently, by both authors, in two steps (title and abstract and full-text reading).
Data synthesis There were no cases of maternal mortality. The mean gestational age at delivery was of 35.6 ±  2.4 weeks in the intervention group, and of 37.4 ±  1.9 weeks among the controls (p < 0.01). Survival until 6 months of age was reported in 50% of the intervention group, and in 5.8% of the controls (p < 0.01; relative risk: 10.5; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.5–74.7). Severe postnatal pulmonary hypertension was found in 50% of the infants in the intervention group, and in 85.7% of controls (p = 0.02; relative risk: 0.6; 95%CI: 0.4–0.9). An analysis of the study indicated some concerns of risk of bias. The quality of evidence was considered moderate to low.
Conclusion Current evidence is limited but suggests that FETO may be an effective intervention to improve perinatal outcomes.
Analysis of the Excess of Papanicolaou Tests in Brazil from 2006 to 2015
Authors: Fischer Ana Carolina Pereira , Fischer Eduardo Augusto Pereira , Vaz Fernanda Brião , Hoffmann Júlia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective To analyze the quantity of cervical smears, also designated Papanicolaou tests, between 2006 and 2015 in all the Federal units of Brazil, as well as to verify the quantity of exams collected outside the recommended age range and the economic impact of such excess.
Methods The data was collected from the Ministry of Health's database called Sistema de Informação do Câncer do Colo de Útero (SISCOLO), which contains all the test results collected nationwide by the Unified Health System (SUS, in the Portuguese acronym). From that, the number of exams and the age range of the women who underwent them were analyzed; besides, these numbers were stratified according to the state of where the exam was performed. The quantity of exams collected outside the recommended age range was verified, and, so, the economic impact generated was noted.
Results Between 2006 and 2015, 87,425,549 Papanicolaou tests were collected in Brazil. Of these, 20,215,052 tests were collected outside the age range recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health; this number corresponded to 23.12% of all exams. From such data, considering that each Pap smear collected by SUS generates a cost of BRL 7.30 to the government, according to the information in the Tabela SUS dated September 2018, there was a total charge of BRL 147,569,880 for tests collected outside the protocol.
Conclusion In Brazil, according to the Ministry of Health's protocol about the recommended practices on collecting Pap smears, whose newest edition dates of 2016, it is recommended that Pap smears are collected in women from a specific age range, in whom the potential diagnosing advantages overcome the onus of overdiagnosis or of a lesion with great regression potential. However, such protocols have not been correctly followed, promoting more than 20 million tests in excess, and an exorbitant cost for the Brazilian public health system. It is relevant to take measures to correctly use the official protocol, reducing the patients risks, as well as the economic impact for SUS.
Underestimation Rate in the Percutaneous Diagnosis of Radial Scar/Complex Sclerosing Lesion of the Breast: Systematic Review
Authors: Zanon Ana Beatrice Bonganha , Maesaka Jonathan Yugo , Chequin Bruna Bello , Santos Ana Gabriela de Siqueira , Baracat Edmund Chada , Filassi José Roberto 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the underestimation rate in breast surgical biopsy after the diagnosis of radial scar/complex sclerosing lesion through percutaneous biopsy.
Data Sources A systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. The PubMed, SciELO, Cochrane, and Embase databases were consulted, with searches conducted through November 2020, using specific keywords (radial scar OR complex sclerosing lesion, breast cancer, anatomopathological percutaneous biopsy AND/OR surgical biopsy).
Data collection Study selection was conducted by two researchers experienced in preparing systematic reviews. The eight selected articles were fully read, and a comparative analysis was performed.
Study selection A total of 584 studies was extracted, 8 of which were selected. One of them included women who had undergone a percutaneous biopsy with a histological diagnosis of radial scar/complex sclerosing lesion and subsequently underwent surgical excision; the results were used to assess the underestimation rate of atypical and malignant lesions.
Data synthesis The overall underestimation rate in the 8 studies ranged from 1.3 to 40% and the invasive lesion underestimation rate varied from 0 to 10.5%.
Conclusion The histopathological diagnosis of a radial scar/complex sclerosing lesion on the breast is not definitive, and it may underestimate atypical and malignant lesions, which require a different treatment, making surgical excision an important step in diagnostic evaluation.
Template lattices for a cross-correlation search for gravitational waves from Scorpius X-1
Authors: Wagner Katelyn J , Whelan John T , Wofford Jared K , Wette Karl 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We describe the application of the lattice covering problem to the placement of templates in a search for continuous gravitational waves from the low-mass x-ray binary Scorpius X-1. Efficient placement of templates to cover the parameter space at a given maximum mismatch is an application of the sphere covering problem, for which an implementation is available in the LatticeTiling software library. In the case of Sco X-1, potential correlations, in both the prior uncertainty and the mismatch metric, between the orbital period and orbital phase, lead to complications in the efficient construction of the lattice. We define a shearing coordinate transformation which simultaneously minimizes both of these sources of correlation, and allows us to take advantage of the small prior orbital period uncertainty. The resulting lattices have a factor of about three fewer templates than the corresponding parameter space grids constructed by the prior straightforward method, allowing a more sensitive search at the same computing cost and maximum mismatch.