bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ambivalence among intergenerational relationships in old age
Authors: Humboldt S. Von , Costa A. , Silva S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThis study focuses on ambivalence among intergenerational relationships in old age.ObjectivesThis study aims to analyze the perspectives of intergenerational relationships between older adults and adult children. For this purpose, a qualitative research was carried out, which analyzes these relations at a cross-national level.MethodsFour hundred and twenty four older participants aged 65-97 years, were interviewed. Participants were of three different nationalities and lived in the community. All the interviews went through the process of verbatim transcription and subsequent content analysis.ResultsTwo dimensions of generational ambivalence were revealed from the study; support and the conflict dimensions. Findings of content analysis produced six themes, which represent intergenerational relations between older adults and adult children: older adults-adult children interaction quality; family integration; care and support; definition of limits; distance and alienation; and communication difficulties.ConclusionsThis study highlighted the diversity of experiences in old age, in relation to intergenerational relationships and underlined the conflicting expectations from older adults in relation to their adult children.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Socio-demographic and clinical features of patients with dementia attended in the psychiatry department
Authors: Bader S. , Ellouz E. , Abderrahim R. , Abbas M. , Mdhaffer K. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionDementia’s prevalence increases due to population aging, it has become a major public health concern.ObjectivesTo estimate the incidence of dementia and to describe the socio-demographic and clinical profile of patients attended in the psychiatry department of Gabes (Southern of Tunisia).MethodsIt was a retrospective descriptive study including all the patients who attended for the first time in the psychiatry department of Gabes, from the 1st January, 2010 to December 31, 2018, and who were diagnosed with dementia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Socio-demographic and clinical data were assessed. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used as a neuropsychological examination.ResultsWe included 98 patients. The mean annual hospital incidence of dementia was 2.38%. The mean age was 76.5 ± 9.8 years. Patients were married (68%), illiterate (68%) and jobless (42.9%). A family history of dementia was noted in 39.8% of patients. The common cardiovascular comorbidity was high blood pressure (41.8%). Among our patients, 30 (30.6%) were smokers. The mean age of onset of dementia was 73 ± 11 years. The mean duration of untreated dementia was 3 years [3 months to 11 years]. First symptoms were mainly memory disorders (57.3 %) and behavioral disorders (17.3%) The mean MMSE score was 14 ± 4.8. Alzheimer’s disease was the most frequent etiology of dementia (80 cases, 82.7%).ConclusionsOur study shows a high incidence of dementia and made it possible to draw up a socio-demographic and clinical profile of dementia patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Vascular psychosis in the elderly. case report and literature review for different antypsichotic treatment strategies
Authors: Higueras T. Gutiérrez , De La Cuesta Alonso S. Sainz , Cortés F. Calera , Forés S. Vicent 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe most common cause of vascular psychosis is cerebrovascular disease. Tipically a late-onset in the elderly is accompanied with multiple strokes (disruption of blood flow to the brain). Dementia is a clinical syndrome characterised by cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and functional symptoms. About neuropsychiatric symptoms there are multiple warnings concerning the use of antipsychotics in people with dementia due to an increased risk of death and stroke.ObjectivesPresentation of a case of vascular psychosis with a literature review of antipsychotic drugs used in these cases.MethodsWe carried out a literature review in Pubmed electing those articles focused on antipsychotic treatment options.ResultsA 81-year-old man was taken by his son seeking medical assistance due delusions of reference and auditory hallucinations. He believed that his family wanted to kill him. He had the sensation about how multiple voices were telling him about to scape from people who wanted to kill him. After a completelly study and CT, chronic microvascular infarctions where found. After onset of non effective treatment with haloperidol 1.5 mg during 1 week, we switched into risperidone 1.5mg. Effective treatment was found and now patient is under control of sypmtoms.ConclusionsDifferent antypsichotic treatments are described in the literature. Risperidone, quetiapine and olanzapine were found as most used antipsychotic for psychosis in vascular dementia. Comparision of side effect profile of antipsychotic and effectiviness must be the target for an adecuate treatment.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
A model of non-pharmacological intervention (Agorà model) on behavioural disorders in patients with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Conte G. , Sinisi I. , Franza F. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionCognitive deficits, behavioral disorders, neuropsychiatric symptoms (BNS) are characteristics in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Morover, elderly patients often take multiple medications for their several chronic health conditions. Shared decision making is essential to deprescribing unnecessary or harmful medications in older adults. For these reasons, it may be useful to develop multiple strategies intervention not pharmacologically based and to raise the living standards of the patients, the healthcare professionals and the relatives directly or indirectly involved.ObjectivesTo show application of the Agorà model in AD to improve the performance levels, to decrease the aggressive behaviours and wandering episodes.MethodsTwelve inpatients (79-95 ys) affected by AD, were included in our observational study, recruited in Social Cooperative “Il filo di Arianna”, We have applied in our patients the Agorà model (from the Gentlecare model).Were administered following scales: in inpatients: NPI; CDR, MMSE; in caregovers: CBI; at baseline (T0), after three (T1), six (T2) twelve months (T3). For statistical evaluation we used the EZAnalyze Version 3.0 software, on Excel.ResultsAt T0 all patients showed high levels of behavioral and aggression disorders. After T3 with Agorà Model, there has been a significant reduction of previous levels. In addition, an improvement in CBI data was observed in caregivers.ConclusionsThe application of the Agorà model has triggered better performance levels in AD. Moreover, it determined a decrease of behavioural disorders, promoted higher levels of participation in the everyday care activities, improved family wellbeing and participation to the assistance activities, reduced health care professionals turnover and burnout levels.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The practice of sedation in palliative care for oncologic patients: Fantasies reported by a nursing team in a specialized hospital in Brazil: A qualitative study
Authors: Turato E. , Santos C. , Rodrigues J.R. , Bispo A.C. , Lima C.S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionCONTEXTUALIZATION: Palliative sedation is a resource used to control symptoms of terminal patients in general. It is considered that it should be discussed by the professionals involved in the process, based on the competence of each one, as well as with family members and patients when possible.ObjectivesAIM: To understand symbolic meanings attributed by nursing professionals who provide assistance to the terminal patient regarding to the act of the palliative sedation.MethodsStrategies: Clinical-qualitative design, semi-directed interview of open questions in depth. Nine oncologist nurses participated in the study; sample closed by the criterion of theoretical information saturation. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed fully, categorized by qualitative content analysis. The results were discussed by colleagues of the Laboratory of Clinical Qualitative Research at the University of Campinas.ResultsFINDINGS: The treatment of the data led to 6 emerging categories: (1) death maintains its ambivalent values in our culture; (2) serving the death symbolically on a tray; (3) the act of sedation and its “unfortunate coincidences”; (4) palliative sedation: agent of a pious death; (5) late sedation: cause for distress to the professional; (6) the professional’s self-comfort considering certain psychological strength from the patient and family.ConclusionsFinal considerations: palliative sedation takes a general and individual meanings for the professional and even in case of experienced professionals regard to palliative sedation, the death phenomenon conduct them to expresses multiple and peculiar emotional issues, not ever perceveid.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychiatric aspects of the end of life in oncologic patients
Authors: Trigo M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPatients with life-limiting oncologic conditions should be approached by multidisciplinary teams that contribute to improve their quality of life, including support from mental health dedicated professionals. It is the role of the psychiatrist to understand the relationship between mental health and general health outcomes, specific of this type of patients. Terminally ill and dying patients benefit from psychiatric support, and it seems to have real effects in terms of patient care and medical staff education.ObjectivesTo identify approaches and mental health professionals’ practices regarding end-of-life issues in terminally ill cancer patients.MethodsReview of the most recent literature regarding end-of-life issues in terminally ill cancer patients. The research was carried out through the Cochrane, UptoDate, PubMed, MedLine, LILACS and SciELO databases, using the terms “oncology”, “psychiatry” and “end of life”, until December 2020.ResultsWhile symptoms of anxiety and depression are common in palliative care settings, generally related to feelings of helplessness and fear of death, they should not be assumed to be an inevitable part of it. For terminally ill patients, anxiety and trauma-related disorders can manifest in various ways and it is important to establish personalized treatment approaches, based on a supportive clinical team, and, if necessary, psychotherapy and psychopharmacologic or complementary treatments.ConclusionsIt is extremely important to assess terminally ill patients from the mental health point of view. It is required that psychiatrists take part in clinical care and research on the treatment of these patients with severe medical conditions, in order to increase their quality of life.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Reflex therapy in patients with chronic tension-type headaches: Effectiveness via sensory and affective Mcgill pain questionnaire descriptors
Authors: Shevtsova G. , Malenkova E. , Zagorulko O. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionTension-type headaches is the most common type of headache among adults and it rises a challenge in findig an effective and safe treatment method.ObjectivesThe study aims to evaluate the corporal acupuncture therapy efficacy in patients with chronic tension-type headaches undergoing a complex treatment plan.MethodsThe study involved 132 patients (74% female and 26% men) aged 18-65 years, who were divided into two groups. Patients reported their pain lasted 0.4-12 years. All the patients received conventional treatment (central muscle relaxants and antidepressants). The study group additionally received classical corporal acupuncture 3 times per week, a course of 12 sessions. Treatment effectiveness was evaluated by measuring pain intensity using a subjective visual analogue scale (VAS) and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ).ResultsMost of the patients (79% and 88% of study and control groups respectively) demonstrated moderate cervical musculoskeletal dysfunctions. At admission pain intensity was 4.2±1.5 and 3.8±1.7 VAS points in the control and study groups respectively, MPQ sensory rank pain index (RPI) was 5.92±1.49 points, affective RPI 3.41±0.84, the total RPI – 7.12±2.56 in the control group, and 6.22±1.74; 2.98±0.62 and 7.14±1.65 points in the study group. 4 weeks after treatment measurements showed following pain intensity changes: 4.21±0.74 vs 3.1±0.95 points in the control and study groups respectively. 3- and 6-month period revealed 3.1±0.57, 2.4±0.74 points and 2.1±0.62, 1.1±0.49 points in the control and study groups respectively.ConclusionsClassical corporal acupuncture course may benefit chronic tension-type headaches patients providing an effective treatment in a safe way.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Gambling disorder (GD) in youth with borderline personality disorder: Understanding comorbidity
Authors: Kaleda V. , Krylova E. , Kuleshov A. , Beburishvili A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionEpidemiological data suggest that in youth the prevalence of co-occurring borderline personality disorder (BPD) is particularly high in people with gambling disorder (GD).ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate clinical presentations of GD in youth patients with BPD.MethodsClinical psychopathological interview, SCID-II, The Gambling Symptom Assessment Scale (G-SAS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Zung Anxiety Rating Scale (ZARS). Sample: N=65 male and female, age: 18-25 with GD and BPD.ResultsGD clinical presentation in BPD patients in youth have age and individual specific signs, like polymorphism and high conjugacy with comorbid mental disorders (including, but not limited to MDD, OCD, anxiety disorders, body dysmorphic disorder and etc.) Types of GD in BPD varied due to these comorbid syndrome: 1. Subjects with GD, BPD and MDD in youth demonstrated severity progression in anticipatory tension emotional distress (mental pain, shame, guilt) and lower level in pleasure on winning the bet (G-SAS:SD/Mean 35± 3). 2. Group with OCR and Anxiety Disorders showed different profile: urges to gamble and emotional distress dominated here (G-SAS SD/Mean 32.5± 1). 3. Individuals with no clear co-occurring clinical syndromes revealed combination low level control thoughts of gambling with much excitement and pleasure on winning the bet (G-SAS:SD/Mean 41.2± 2).ConclusionsOur research provides further insight on GD structure in youth BPD patients with comorbid psychiatric syndromesDisclosureNo significant relationships.
Body modification in university students: Attitudes and role of personal body alteration experience
Authors: Vasilieva E. , Nikolaev E. , Mengeliyeva D. , Nikolaev E. , Petunova S. , Petunova Y. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionBody modifications are a common practice in altering one’s appearance. Some authors refer to such practices body injuring (tattooing, piercing) and indirect body modification (dieting, bodybuilding).ObjectivesTo study the attitudes of university students to body modifications considering their personal adaptation potential and experience of body injuring when modifying it.MethodsWe surveyed 104 university students aged 17–24 (65.3% males). The first group included 52 students who had experienced body altering (tattooing, piercing), the second group – 52 students without such an experience. We used the Maddi Hardiness Scale to assess the personal adaptation potential and a 14-point questionnaire to estimate the attitude to body modification.ResultsOver the half of the students in both groups consider that an insufficiently beautiful body needs “improving” (63.4% и 51.9%), but people do not have to intensively build up their muscles (51.9% и 84.7%). Students with modified bodies look more positively at piercing (z=5.4; p=.0001), weight control (z=5.20; p=.0001) and plastic surgery (z=4.02; p=.0001). Students with unmodified bodies credibly more rarely regard tattoo as decoration (z=3.7; p=.0002) and have a more negative attitude to pediatricians having tattoos (z=2.9; p=.003). Indicators of psychological hardiness in the first group are credibly lower – commitment (р=.01), control (р=.001) and challenge (р=.0001).ConclusionsStudents with a higher adaptation potential limit themselves to indirect body modifications (physical exercises). Students with a lower adaptation potential more often resort to body injuring (tattooing, piercing), which may reflect peculiarities of their personal response to stress or peculiarities of their mental status.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Disturbances of intentionality in schizophrenia and in depression
Authors: Dörr O. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIIntentionality constitutes an essential phenomenon of psychic life (Brentano, 1874; Husserl, 1917). Its disturbance can be expected in schizophrenia and depression.ObjectivesTo study how such fundamental psychic function is altered in these two diseases.MethodsPhenomenological method allows to deepen in the structure of complex phenomena. Husserl’s analysis of “consciousness of immanent time” helps in studying how intentionality functions in schizophrenia. In depression, we appeal to own previous phenomenological researches revealing three fundamental features: a specific change in body experience; inability to act, feel, think, etc. (inhibition); and alteration, inversion, and suspension of biorhythms.ResultsThe intentional arc connects the beginning and the end of a phrase. This arc will keep tenser, the bigger is the potency of the aim of my speech and my capacity to exclude inadequate associations. In schizophrenia intentional arc expands and appear “lax associations” (Bleuler, 1911) and “overinclusion” (Cameron, 1968). Fuchs (2005) argues that also the rest of schizophrenic symptoms represent disturbances of intentionality, e. g., in paranoid ideas an inversion occurs. In depression, its three essential phenomena can be interpreted as different forms of intentionality failure: the compromise of lived body and its consequent loss of transparence lead to incapacity of projecting oneself toward action and future. “Not being able to” (inhibition) means a detention of intentionality. Closely related appears the inability to anticipate. Finally, the alteration, inversion or suspension of biorhythms is temporal and insofar implicates a disturbance of intentionality.ConclusionsThe main features of schizophrenia and depression represent specific forms of alteration of intentionality.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Posttraumatic stress disorder with psychotic symptoms. A case report
Authors: Galeron R. , Cabañas M. Jiménez , Albarracin P. , Herrero E. , Naval M. Huete , Rendón-Luna B. Serván 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionWe present a 29-year-old man with a family psychopathological history of depression and a personal history of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder after sexual and psychological abuse in childhood, depressive symptoms and substance use (cannabis), who experienced delusions that made him feel threatened and in danger, with huge anxiety and insomnia for one year after a heartbreak. In addition, the patient was dysphoric, verborrheic and presented ruminative thoughts and flashbacks of abuse suffered in childhood.ObjectivesTo review the literature of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder with Psychotic Symptoms (PTSD-PS) and study the difference between PTSD-PS and other psychotic disorders.MethodsLiterature review of scientific articles searching in Pubmed and Medline. We considered articles in English and Spanish.ResultsPharmacological treatment with antipsychotics and mood stabilizer was started with remission of anxiety and insomnia and recovery of euthymia. Delusions persisted but without affective and behavioral repercussions. With psychotherapeutic work in a psychiatric Day Hospital, complete remission and proper processing of traumatic experiences were achieved. The main psychotic symptoms in PTSD are hallucinations and delusions which tend to chronicity. The content is often paranoid and persecutory in nature but not complex or bizarre like those found in schizophrenia. These symptoms are not limited to flashback episodes and the content may or may not be trauma related.ConclusionsAlthough the studies show PTSD-PS presents characteristic symptoms, more research about is needed.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The overlap between complex posttraumatic stress disorder and borderline personality disorder
Authors: García C. Álvarez , Navarro L. Nocete , Lietor M.D.C. Molina , Iñiguez I. Cuevas , Giancola A. Sanz 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionResearch has shown the relationship between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and complex posttraumatic stress disorder (cPTSD), pointing out the overlapping nature and expression of both conditions. In order to understand their differences and similarities, we present a case of a 22-years-old patient with a history of repeated sexual trauma throughout all her adolescence, whose diagnose was changed from BPD to cPTSD after she was admitted in an acute inpatient mental health unit.ObjectivesTo gather the similarities between borderline personality disorder and complex posttraumatic stress disorder.MethodsA narrative review of the literature through the presentation of a case. Articles were chosen based on its clinical relevance.ResultscPTSD merges the clinical features and symptoms of PTSD with affect dysregulation, negative self-perception, unstable relationships and somatization, also present in BPD. Furthermore, BPD is known to frequently have a traumatic etiology.ConclusionsIt is not always simple to draw a clear line between cPTSD and BPD conditions. However, each diagnosis may have a different impact on patient understanding and treatment.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Trauma and sexual risk behaviors in an adolescent victim of sexual abuse: A case report
Authors: Borges L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionChildhood and adolescence sexual abuse (CSA) is a risk factor for psychological trauma and a strong predictor of lifetime psychopathology, including depression, anxiety, inappropriate sexual behavior, anger, guilt, shame and other emotional and relationship problems.ObjectivesDescribe a clinical case of a sexually abused adolescent admitted in a psychiatric unit for young adults and to correlate sexual abuse with trauma and sexual risk behaviors.MethodsThe data was collected through clinical and family interviews. The revision was made with the search terms “trauma”, “child and adolescence sexual abuse”, “sexual risk behaviors” in scientific databases.Results16 year-old girl, high-school student, living with her nuclear family, was admitted in a psychiatric hospital with feelings of sadness and anxiety since the previous month, that lead to a voluntary medicine ingestion. She has been continuously sexually abused from the age of 12 to 16 by an older man, and once by her cousin and his friends. Since than, she refers feelings of anger, sadness, dissociative symptoms and intrusive images and nightmares related to the abuses, and continues to seek attention from older men. With medication and individual and family psychotherapeutic interventions, depressive, anxiety and dissociative symptoms have improved.ConclusionsLiterature concludes that there’s a strong correlation between CSA, trauma and sexual risk behaviors throughout adulthood. In fact, our patient met criteria for Pos-traumatic Stress Disorder and has sexual risk behaviors that must be worked through therapy. Due to it’s complexity, treatment of the adolescent and familial system after sexual abuse is multifaceted and requires a biopsychosocial approach.DisclosureNo significant relationships.