bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behçet- und Cogan-Syndrom
Authors: Kötter Ina 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Behçet- und das Cogan-Syndrom bilden zusammen die Gruppe der
Vaskulitiden der variablen Gefäße nach der Chapel-Hill
Nomenklatur. Sie können Arterien und Venen jeder Größe
betreffen. Wie die Bezeichnung „Syndrom“ bei beiden
Krankheitsbildern bereits widerspiegelt, können beide individuell sehr
unterschiedliche Symptome bieten. Beide zählen formal zu den seltenen
Erkrankungen, wobei das Cogan-Syndrom mit der Beschreibung von lediglich einigen
hundert Fällen weltweit deutlich seltener als das Behςet-Syndrom
ist. Für letzteres gibt es Diagnose- und Klassifikationskriterien, und
auch europäische (EULAR, European Alliance of Associations for
Rheumatology) Therapieempfehlungen. Symptomatologie, Diagnostik und Therapie,
aber auch einige Überlegungen zur Pathogenese dieser beiden Vaskulitiden
werden im Folgenden beleuchtet.
Funktionale Krankheitsfolgen von Menschen im Alter ab 70 Jahren und die Akzeptanz eines neuen Unterstützungs-Netzwerkes, das NetzWerk GesundAktiv (NWGA)
Authors: von Renteln-Kruse Wolfgang , Neumann Lilli , Vinyard Dominic , Golgert Stefan , Thiem Ulrich , Dapp Ulrike 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Häufigere Pflegebedürftigkeit bei steigender Lebenserwartung ist problematisch. Das NetzWerk GesundAktiv (NWGA) nimmt positive Beeinflussbarkeit der Entwicklung von Pflegebedürftigkeit an. In einer Pilotregion Hamburgs luden gesetzliche Krankenversicherungen ihre Versicherten im Alter ab 70 Jahren zur Teilnahme am NWGA Hilfs- und Betreuungsnetzwerk ein. Hier werden die Ergebnisse der Akzeptanzanalyse dargestellt.
Methoden Zur Fokussierung auf die Zielgruppe der für die Entwicklung von Pflegebedürftigkeit gefährdeten Personen wurde der LUCAS Funktions-Index (Selbstausfüll-Fragebogen) als Screening für den Grad funktionaler Kompetenz verwendet. Die retrospektive Beobachtungsstudie untersuchte explorativ NWGA Teilnehmende, Ablehnende, Interessenten (Ausschluss, da funktional kompetent) und Non-Responder anhand sozio-demografischer sowie Morbiditätsbezogener Routinedaten. Dafür wurden ICD-Diagnosen anlässlich stationärer Krankenhausaufenthalte, die Anzahl ambulanter Arztkontakte sowie Pflegegrade innerhalb 12 Monaten vor Rekrutierung verwendet.
Ergebnisse Von 13 100 angeschriebenen Versicherten waren 962 Teilnehmende (7,4 %), 948 Ablehnende (7,2 %), 2437 Interessenten (18,6 %) und 8753 Non-Responder (66,8 %). Bezüglich soziodemografischer Merkmale unterschieden sich diese Gruppen. Die Diagnosen von 5422 Krankenhausaufenthalten zeigten unterschiedlich häufige ICD-Codes funktionaler Beeinträchtigungen. Interessenten waren praktisch nicht pflegebedürftig und wiesen die niedrigste Morbidität auf.
Diskussion Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass Beeinträchtigungen insbesondere motorischer und kognitiver Funktionen sowie soziodemografische Merkmale die NWGA-Akzeptanz beeinflussen. Die Ansprache zur Teilnahme sollte entsprechend differenziert verbessert werden. Die Berücksichtigung funktionaler Störungen als Krankheitsfolgen und Schrittmacher von Pflegebedürftigkeit könnte Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention im Alter generell stärken. Das Interesse für präventive Aktivitäten war unter den 70-jährigen und älteren Menschen nennenswert häufig.
Cement Beads at First Stage Improve Femoral Endosteal Recovery: A Comparative Study of Revision and Primary Taper Slip Femoral Components
Authors: Shelton James , Khaliq Mehnoor , Barrow Jonathan , McGran Sophie , Hamer Andrew 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDebate continues about the merits of nonarticulating cement beads versus articulating cement spacers. This unit believes beads promote femoral endosteal bone regeneration producing an environment conducive to cementing at second stage. This article assesses the femoral cement mantle of matched primary and revision cemented taper slip stems (CTSSs). We performed a retrospective cohort study of all second stage CTSSs then selected a randomized group from primary joints from the arthroplasty database. The two revision hip fellows assessed the initial postop radiograph for femoral cement quality using the Barrack grading system. Results were analyzed using SPSS for interobserver reliability and quality of cementing. A total of 105 patients were identified as having received a CTSS at second stage and 105 primaries randomly selected. The average age was 81 years in the revision group and 79 years in the primary group. The revision group contained 54% female patients and the primary group contained 56%. In the primary group 73% on anteroposterior (AP) were grade A and 65% on lateral. In the revision group 77% on AP were grade A and 76% on the lateral. The interclass correlation coefficient showed good correlation between assessors. Only the lateral cementing demonstrated a significant difference between groups in favor of the revision group. This article suggests that the use of beads at first stage followed by a cemented femoral prosthesis at second stage will have equal to, or slightly better cementing than those receiving a primary hip replacement. We believe that cement can have additional benefits in second stage revisions such as further delivery of antibiotics into the effective joint space. As revision surgeons we aim to foster as many options as possible for the subsequent reconstruction. The major limitation of this study is the low number of articulating spacers used in this institution.
A Rare Biotinidase Deficiency in the Pediatrics Population: Genotype–Phenotype Analysis
Authors: Kannan Balachander , Navamani Hepzibah Kirubamani , Jayaseelan Vijayashree Priyadharsini , Arumugam Paramasivam 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBiotinidase (BTD) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by insufficient biotin metabolism, where it cannot recycle the vitamin biotin. When this deficiency is not treated with supplements, it can lead to severe neurological conditions. Approximately 1 in 60,000 newborns are affected by BTD deficiency. The BTD deficiency causes late-onset biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency, which leads to acidosis or lactic acidosis, hypoglycemia, and abnormal catabolism. BTD deficiency is of two types based on the amount of BTD Enzyme present in the serum. A wide range of pathogenic mutations in the BTD gene are reported worldwide. Mutations in the BTD gene lead to profound and partial BTD deficiency. Profound BTD deficiency results in a severe pathogenic condition. A high frequency of newborns are affected with the partial deficiency worldwide. They are mostly asymptomatic, but symptoms may appear during stressful conditions such as fasting or viral infections. Several pathogenic mutations are significantly associated with neurological, ophthalmological, and skin problems along with several other clinical features. This review discusses the BTD gene mutation in multiple populations detected with phenotypic features. The molecular-based biomarker screening is necessary for the disease during pregnancy, as it could be helpful for the early identification of BTD deficiency, providing a better treatment strategy. Moreover, implementing newborn screening for the BTD deficiency helps patients prevent several diseases.
Anatomy and Physiology of Headache
Authors: Harriott Andrea M. , Orlova Yulia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHeadache disorders can produce recurrent, incapacitating pain. Migraine and cluster headache are notable for their ability to produce significant disability. The anatomy and physiology of headache disorders is fundamental to evolving treatment approaches and research priorities. Key concepts in headache mechanisms include activation and sensitization of trigeminovascular, brainstem, thalamic, and hypothalamic neurons; modulation of cortical brain regions; and activation of descending pain circuits. This review will examine the relevant anatomy of the trigeminal, brainstem, subcortical, and cortical brain regions and concepts related to the pathophysiology of migraine and cluster headache disorders.
Migraine and Posttraumatic Headache: Similarities and Differences in Brain Network Connectivity
Authors: Chong Catherine D. , Nikolova Jennifer , Dumkrieger Gina M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPosttraumatic headache (PTH) is the most common symptom following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) (also known as concussion). Migraine and PTH have similar phenotypes, and a migraine-like phenotype is common in PTH. The similarities between both headache types are intriguing and challenge a better understanding of the pathophysiological commonalities involved in migraine and PTH due to mTBI. Here, we review the PTH resting-state functional connectivity literature and compare it to migraine to assess overlap and differences in brain network function between both headache types. Migraine and PTH due to mTBI have overlapping and disease-specific widespread alterations of static and dynamic functional networks involved in pain processing as well as dysfunctional network connections between frontal regions and areas of pain modulation and pain inhibition. Although the PTH functional network literature is still limited, there is some evidence that dysregulation of the top-down pain control system underlies both migraine and PTH. However, disease-specific differences in the functional circuitry are observed as well, which may reflect unique differences in brain architecture and pathophysiology underlying both headache disorders.
Update Pädiatrie (1): Die Internationale Klassifikation der Funktionsfähigkeit, Behinderung und Gesundheit (ICF) in der Pädiatrie
Authors: Hofer Julia , Nallinger Andrea 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDieser und die nachfolgenden zwei Artikel geben einen Einblick in die aktuelle Physiotherapie mit Kindern. Der erste Beitrag dieses Pädiatrie-Updates stellt Ihnen die ICF vor, wie sie die Weltgesundheitsorganisation auf Kinder und Jugendliche angepasst hat. Mit dem zweiten Beitrag (► Seite 20) können Sie Ihr Wissen über die Infantile Zerebralparese aktualisieren. Der dritte Artikel bietet Ausschnitte aus dem physiotherapeutischen Prozess bei Kindern mit Infantiler Zerebralparese (► Seite 22).
Toward the fabrication of a 5-μm-resolution Wolter microscope for the National Ignition Facility (invited)
Authors: Champey Patrick R. , Kolodziejczak Jeffery , Kozioziemski Bernard , Davis Jacqueline , Griffith Charles , Kester Tom , Kilaru Kiranmayee , Meekham Amy , Menapace Joe , Ramsey Brian , Roberts Oliver J. , Sanchez Javier , Singam Panini , Smith W. Scott , Speegle Chet , Stahl Mark , Suratwala Tayyab , Thomas Nick , Young Mark , Vogel Julia K. 
Published: November 2022

Advancements in computer-controlled polishing, metrology, and replication have led to an x-ray mirror fabrication process that is capable of producing high-resolution Wolter microscopes. We present the fabrication and test of a nickel–cobalt replicated full-shell x-ray mirror that was electroformed from a finely figured and polished mandrel. This mandrel was designed for an 8-m source-to-detector-distance microscope, with 10× magnification, and was optimized to reduce shell distortions that occur within 20 mm of the shell ends. This, in combination with an improved replication tooling design and refined bath parameters informed by a detailed COMSOL Multiphysics® model, has led to reductions in replication errors in the mirrors. Mandrel surface fabrication was improved by implementing a computer-controlled polishing process that corrected the low-frequency mandrel figure error and achieved &lt;2.0 nm RMS convergence error. X-ray tests performed on a pair of mirror shells replicated from the mandrel have demonstrated &lt;10 μm full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) spatial resolution. Here, we discuss the development process, highlight results from metrology and x-ray testing, and define a path for achieving a program goal of 5 μm FWHM resolution.
Nano-positioning and tubulin conformation contribute to axonal transport regulation of mitochondria along microtubules
Authors: Van Steenbergen Valérie , Lavoie-Cardinal Flavie , Kazwiny Youcef , Decet Marianna , Martens Tobie , Verstreken Patrik , Boesmans Werend , De Koninck Paul , Vanden Berghe Pieter 
Published: November 2022

Correct spatiotemporal distribution of organelles and vesicles is crucial for healthy cell functioning and is regulated by intracellular transport mechanisms. Controlled transport of bulky mitochondria is especially important in polarized cells such as neurons that rely on these organelles to locally produce energy and buffer calcium. Mitochondrial transport requires and depends on microtubules that fill much of the available axonal space. How mitochondrial transport is affected by their position within the microtubule bundles is not known. Here, we found that anterograde transport, driven by kinesin motors, is susceptible to the molecular conformation of tubulin in neurons both in vitro and in vivo. Anterograde velocities negatively correlate with the density of elongated tubulin dimers like guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-tubulin. The impact of the tubulin conformation depends primarily on where a mitochondrion is positioned, either within or at the rim of microtubule bundle. Increasing elongated tubulin levels lowers the number of motile anterograde mitochondria within the microtubule bundle and increases anterograde transport speed at the microtubule bundle rim. We demonstrate that the increased kinesin velocity and density on microtubules consisting of elongated dimers add to the increased mitochondrial dynamics. Our work indicates that the molecular conformation of tubulin contributes to the regulation of mitochondrial motility and as such to the local distribution of mitochondria along axons.
The structured organization of
Deinococcus radiodurans
’ cell envelope
Authors: Farci Domenica , Haniewicz Patrycja , Piano Dario 
Published: November 2022

Surface layers (S-layers) are highly ordered coats of proteins localized on the cell surface of many bacterial species. In these structures, one or more proteins form elementary units that self-assemble into a crystalline monolayer tiling the entire cell surface. Here, the cell envelope of the radiation-resistant bacterium
Deinococcus radiodurans
was studied by cryo-electron microscopy, finding the crystalline regularity of the S-layer extended into the layers below (outer membrane, periplasm, and inner membrane). The cell envelope appears to be highly packed and resulting from a three-dimensional crystalline distribution of protein complexes organized in close continuity yet allowing a certain degree of free space. The presented results suggest how S-layers, at least in some species, are mesoscale assemblies behaving as structural and functional scaffolds essential for the entire cell envelope.
The multimodal motion along a solid–liquid interface of a soft microrobot driven by compound magnetic fields
Authors: Gao Jian , Rong Weibin , Gao Peng , Li Dongjie , Wang Lefeng , Sun Lining 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In recent years, soft microrobots based on flexible materials have received increasing attention. Most of the current studies on soft microrobots have implemented only one motion mode, and because the motion environment is often set inside liquid, the strategies of multimodal motion control near the solid–liquid interface are insufficient. In this study, we present a 4 mm × 1 mm × 0.2 mm sheet-like soft microrobot bent into a ring shape and magnetized so that it can move in multiple modes along the solid–liquid interface and can be driven by different types of magnetic fields. The deformation amplitude and the total magnetic moment of the robot under the external magnetic field were obtained with the help of finite element simulations. Three different periodic magnetic field driving modes along the solid–liquid interface, namely rolling mode, walking mode, and hopping mode, were realized, and the robot’s motion speed and direction under various motion modes were adjusted by additional magnetic field strengths and magnetic field gradients. This research can enhance the adaptability of soft microrobots to various motion environments and further expand their application prospects.
Acoustic charge transport in organic semiconductor films
Authors: Mishra Himakshi , Bhattacharjee Paromita , Nemade Harshal B 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We demonstrate the acoustic charge transport of optically induced excitons in two organic semiconductors, P3HT and MEH-PPV, up to a distance of 3 mm. The device consists of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonator transmitting SAW through a polymer layer where acoustic charge transport takes place and a polymer diode at the end to collect the charges. The voltage excitation is provided using an interdigital transducer (IDT) on a piezoelectric YZ lithium niobate substrate producing Rayleigh SAW at 42 MHz. Optical illumination up to 15 mW cm−2 intensity is applied to induce excitons in the polymer layer deposited on the lithium niobate substrate. The photogenerated excitons in the polymer are ionized by SAW field resulting in free carriers that are transported to the polymer diode by the travelling SAW. A surge in photovoltaic current in the diode is observed in the presence of SAW when the carriers are optically generated away from the diode. The maximum charge capacity and transfer efficiency of the acoustic transport are calculated for various SAW power and illumination intensities. A theoretical analysis of charge carrier dynamics in the presence of a moving SAW field is also performed using a semi-classical Hamiltonian of the system.
A novel terahertz integrated sensor for liquid samples detections based on metamaterial and embedded microfluidic channels
Authors: Li Xue , Jiao Hengyuan , Zhu Mingqiang , Deng Tao , Sun Jingye 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
THz metamaterial (MM) microfluidic sensors, which can be utilized for the detection of small volume liquid specimen, have attracted much attention in biosensing applications. In this paper, we propose a novel microfluidic channel embedded terahertz MM sensor, which employs split ring resonators (SRRs) and asymmetric two-gap SRRs for the detection of liquid samples. Unlike currently reported THz MM microfluidic sensors utilizing microfluidic superstrate-metal-substrate structure, our approach combines the microfluidic superstrate with substrate, by designing micro-channels underneath the gap of the SRRs within the polydimethylsiloxane substrate. It could be easily fabricated by standard photolithography techniques. The simulated results show that the performance of the sensor is dependent on the spacing angle between two gaps, the orientation of the gaps, as well as the polarization of electric fields. Furthermore, maximum Q factors of 9.5 and 44 are achieved for dipole resonance, with corresponding figure of merits of 0.63 and 2.89 RIU−1 for transmission and reflection scenarios. Thus, this concept and method not only provides sensitive biosensing for liquid-based samples, but also can be applied to other MM structures to further improve the sensitivity.
Tunable anomalous Hall and Nernst effects in MM′X compounds
Authors: Samathrakis Ilias , Fortunato Nuno , Singh Harish K , Shen Chen , Zhang Hongbin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Based on first-principles calculations, the anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) and anomalous Nernst conductivities (ANCs) of the XMnP (X = Ti, Zr, Hf) compounds are evaluated, and the possibility to tailor such properties in compounds susceptible to changing the magnetization directions is also investigated. We observe large changes in the calculated AHC and ANC for different magnetization directions that are originating from changes in the band structure all over the whole Brillouin zone. Our study gives a promising clue on engineering magnetic intermetallic compounds for tunable transverse thermoelectric applications.
A simple and robust machine learning assisted process flow for the layer number identification of TMDs using optical contrast spectroscopy
Authors: Joy Nikhil Joseph , K Ranjuna M , Balakrishnan Jayakumar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) like tungsten disulphide (WS2) possess a large direct electronic band gap (∼2 eV) in the monolayer limit, making them ideal candidates for opto-electronic applications. The size and nature of the bandgap is strongly dependent on the number of layers. However, different TMDs require different experimental tools under specific conditions to accurately determine the number of layers. Here, we identify the number of layers of WS2 exfoliated on top of SiO2/Si wafer from optical images using the variation of optical contrast with thickness. Optical contrast is a universal feature that can be easily extracted from digital images. But fine variations in the optical images due to different capturing conditions often lead to inaccurate layer number determination. In this paper, we have implemented a simple Machine Learning assisted image processing workflow that uses image segmentation to eliminate this difficulty. The workflow developed for WS2 is also demonstrated on MoS2, graphene and h–BN, showing its applicability across various classes of 2D materials. A graphical user interface is provided to enhance the adoption of this technique in the 2D materials research community.
Optimization of high-temperature superconducting bilayer structures using a vortex dynamics simulation
Authors: Rivasto E , Hynninen T , Huhtinen H , Paturi P 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We argue that the current carrying properties of high-temperature superconducting thin films can be further improved, in particular under the mid-field range (B ≈ 0.1–2 T), via introduction of multilayer structures that compromise between good zero field critical current and vortex pinning performance. In this work we focus on a simple bilayer structure consisting of two adjacent layers of pure YBa2Cu3O

6
+
x

(YBCO) and BaZrO3 (BZO) doped YBCO under magnetic field within the mid-field range oriented parallel to the c-axis of the YBCO unit cell. We have utilized a computational model to simulate the vortex dynamics limited critical current separately from the associated zero field current, which is addressed analytically. The obtained results have allowed us to estimate the optimal layer thicknesses as a function of magnetic field. Our idealized model suggests that the thickness of the doped layer should be substantially smaller than the undoped one, that is around 30% of the total thickness of the film. We have estimated that the current carrying capability of the optimized bilayer structure can be up to 50% higher when compared with corresponding single layer films. Possible deviations from the obtained results associated with the idealized model, most prominently the effect of natural defects, are comprehensively discussed. Our results provide the foundation for the future experimental realization of the proposed bilayer structures. The comparison between the presented results and experimental realization would enable further study of the underlying primitive vortex interactions.