bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of age, hormonal, and lifestyle factors with the Leydig cell biomarker INSL3 in aging men from the European Male Aging Study cohort
Authors: Anand‐Ivell Ravinder , Heng Kee , Severn Katie , Antonio Leen , Bartfai Gyorgy , Casanueva Felipe F. , Huhtaniemi Ilpo T. , Giwercman Aleksander , Maggi Mario , O'Neill Terence W. , Punab Margus , Rastrelli Giulia , Slowikowska‐Hilczer Jolanta , Tournoy Jos , Vanderschueren Dirk , Wu Frederick C. W. , Ivell Richard 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundAging in men is accompanied by a broad range of symptoms, including sexual dysfunction, cognitive and musculoskeletal decline, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hypertension, organ degeneration/failure, and increasing neoplasia, some of which are associated with declining levels of Leydig cell‐produced testosterone. High natural biological variance, together with multiple factors that can modulate circulating testosterone concentration, may influence its interpretation and clinical implications. Insulin‐like peptide 3 is a biomarker of Leydig cell function that might provide complementary information on testicular health and its downstream outcomes.ObjectivesTo characterize insulin‐like peptide 3 as a biomarker to assess gonadal status in aging men.Methods and materialsA large European multicenter (European Male Aging Study) cohort of community‐dwelling men was analyzed to determine how insulin‐like peptide 3 relates to a range of hormonal, anthropometric, and lifestyle parameters.Results and discussionInsulin‐like peptide 3 declines cross‐sectionally and longitudinally within individuals at approximately 15% per decade from age 40 years, unlike testosterone (1.9% per decade), which is partly compensated by increasing pituitary luteinizing hormone production. Importantly, lower insulin‐like peptide 3 in younger men appears to persist with aging. Multiple regression analysis shows that, unlike testosterone, insulin‐like peptide 3 is negatively dependent on luteinizing hormone and sex hormone‐binding globulin and positively dependent on follicle‐stimulating hormone, suggesting a different mechanism of gonadotropic regulation. Circulating insulin‐like peptide 3 is negatively associated with increased body mass index or waist circumference and with smoking, and unlike testosterone, it is not affected by weight loss in obese individuals. Geographic variation in mean insulin‐like peptide 3 within Europe appears to be largely explained by differences in these parameters. The results allowed the establishment of a European‐wide reference range for insulin‐like peptide 3 (95% confidence interval) adjusted for increasing age.ConclusionInsulin‐like peptide 3 is a constitutive biomarker of Leydig cell functional capacity and is a robust, reliably measurable peptide not subject to gonadotropin‐dependent short‐term regulation and within‐individual variation in testosterone.
Applying persuasive messages to reduce public outdoor smoking: A pseudo‐randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nijssen Sari R. R. , Müller Barbara C. N. , Gallinat Jürgen , Kühn Simone 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDespite efforts to create dedicated smoking areas and no‐smoking signs, many smokers continue to light their cigarettes in front of public building entrances—leading to concerns over health consequences for non‐smokers passing by. To increase compliance with no‐smoking requests, behavioral interventions that tap into habitual and automatic processes seem promising. A pseudo‐randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the differential impact of seven behavioral interventions based on Cialdini's principles of persuasion. Over a period of 9 weeks, the number of smokers was counted (total n = 17,930 observations) in front of a German University Medical Center. Relative to a baseline and a control condition, interventions based on the principles of reciprocity, scarcity, and authority were most effective in reducing the number of observed smokers in front of the building entrance (41.5%, 45.7%, and 52.1% reduction rates, respectively). Having observed smokers' behavior in vivo, this study provides substantial evidence for the impact of persuasive strategies on outdoor smoking. In the future, this knowledge should be used to protect non‐smokers from second‐hand smoke by increasing the use of designated smoking areas, leave to another place to smoke, or not smoke at all.
Understanding anti‐TNF treatment failure: does serum triiodothyronine‐to‐thyroxine (T3/T4) ratio predict therapeutic outcome to anti‐TNF therapies in biologic‐naïve patients with active luminal Crohn's disease?
Authors: Lin Simeng , Chanchlani Neil , Carbery Isabel , Janjua Malik , Nice Rachel , McDonald Timothy J. , Bewshea Claire , Kennedy Nicholas A. , Ahmad Tariq , Selinger Christian P. , Goodhand James R. ,   PANTS consortium
Published: June 2022

SummaryBackgroundDuring illness, adaptations of the hypothalamic–pituitary‐thyroid axis reduce energy expenditure, protein catabolism and modulate immune responses to promote survival. Lower serum free triiodothyronine‐to‐thyroxine (fT3/fT4) ratio has been linked to non‐response to treatment in a range of diseases, including in biologic‐treated patients with inflammatory bowel disease.AimTo assess whether baseline serum fT3/fT4 ratio predicted primary non‐response (PNR) and non‐remission to infliximab and adalimumab in patients with Crohn's diseaseMethodsThyroid function tests were undertaken in stored serum from biologic‐naïve adult patients with active luminal Crohn's disease immediately prior to treatment with infliximab (427 originator; 122 biosimilar) or adalimumab (448) in the Personalised Anti‐TNF Therapy in Crohn's Disease study (PANTS).ResultsBaseline median [IQR] fT3/fT4 ratios were lower in women than men (0.30 [0.27–0.34] vs 0.32 [0.28–0.36], p < 0.001), in patients with more severe inflammatory disease, and in patients receiving corticosteroids (0.28 [0.25–0.33] vs. 0.32 [0.29–0.36], p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that fT3/fT4 ratio was independently associated with PNR at week 14 (odds ratio [OR] 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.31–0.85, p = 0.009), but not non‐remission or changes in faecal calprotectin concentrations at week 54. The optimal threshold to determine PNR was 0.31 (area under the curve 0.57 [95% CI 0.54–0.61], sensitivity 0.62 [95% CI 0.41–0.74], and specificity 0.53 [95% CI 0.42–0.73]).ConclusionsLower baseline serum fT3/fT4 ratio was associated with female sex, corticosteroid use and disease activity. It predicted PNR to anti‐TNF treatment at week 14, but not non‐remission at week 54.
Paternal use of medications for inflammatory bowel disease and the risk of hospital‐diagnosed infections in the offspring: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Friedman Sonia , Garvik Olav Sivertsen , Nielsen Jan , Nørgård Bente Mertz 
Published: June 2022

SummaryBackgroundInformation regarding the impact of paternal inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) medications on child outcomes is scarce.AimTo examine the risk of childhood infections associated with fathers' use of anti‐inflammatory/immunosuppressive medications taken before conception.MethodsThis is a nationwide cohort study based on Danish health registries, comprising all live‐born singleton children born between January 1997 and February 2019 who were fathered by men with IBD. Exposed cohorts included children fathered by men treated with 5‐aminosalicylates (5‐ASAs), thiopurines, corticosteroids or anti‐tumour necrosis factor‐α (anti‐TNF‐α) agents within 3 months before conception. The unexposed cohort included children not exposed to paternal IBD medications. Outcomes were the first infection, diagnosed in the hospital setting in the first year of life, and from the age of 1 to 3 years.ResultsIn all, 2178 children were fathered by men exposed to 5‐ASAs, 843 to thiopurines, 417 to systemic corticosteroids and 436 to anti‐TNF‐α agents; 6799 children were unexposed. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for infections within the first year of life for 5‐ASAs was 0.78 (95% CI, 0.66–0.91), thiopurines 0.89 (95% CI, 0.73–1.09), systemic corticosteroids 0.95 (95% CI, 0.70–1.29), and anti‐TNF‐α agents 1.17 (95% CI, 0.94–1.46). The aHR for infections from 1 to 3 years for 5‐ASAs was 0.97 (95% CI, 0.83–1.13), thiopurines 0.87 (95% CI, 0.71–1.07), systemic corticosteroids 1.25 (95% CI, 0.94–1.65), and anti‐TNF‐α agents 0.79 (95% CI, 0.60–1.03).ConclusionFathers' use of anti‐inflammatory/immunosuppressive medications before conception was not significantly associated with childhood infections. These results fill an important research gap regarding paternal medication safety.
Late Miocene unroofing of the Inner Lesser Himalaya recorded in the NW Himalaya foreland basin
Authors: Exnicios Elise M. , Carter Andrew , Najman Yani , Clift Peter D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTesting models that link climate and solid Earth tectonics in mountain belts requires independent erosional, structural and climatic histories. Two well‐preserved stratigraphic sections of the Himalayan foreland basin are exposed in NW India. The Jawalamukhi (13–5 Ma) and Joginder Nagar sections (21–13 Ma) are dated by magnetostratigraphy and span a period of significant climate change and tectonic evolution. We combine sediment geochemistry, detrital zircon U–Pb dating and apatite fission track analyses to reconstruct changes in the patterns of erosion and exhumation in this area from the Early Miocene to Pliocene. The provenance of the foreland sediments reflects a mixture of Tethyan and Greater Himalayan sources from 21 to 11 Ma, with influx from the Inner Lesser Himalaya starting after 11 Ma, and a strong increase in Crystalline Inner Lesser Himalayan erosion after 8 Ma. This distinct shift in provenance most likely reflects exhumation of the Kullu‐Rampur Window, as well as the northward motion of the Jawalamukhi section towards the Himalayas, drainage reorganization in the foreland, and/or tectonically driven drainage capture in the mountains. Prior to 10.5 Ma sediment came from a large river whose sources were Greater Himalaya and Haimanta dominated, likely a palaeo‐Sutlej, while after 8 Ma the source river was dominated by a more local drainage. Our work is consistent with Nd isotope and mica Ar‐Ar constraints from the same sections that demonstrate initial Inner Lesser Himalayan unroofing in this region from 11 Ma, earlier than the 2 Ma implied from the marine record and during a period of summer monsoon weakening when fission track data indicate very rapid cooling and erosion of the Lesser Himalaya sources from no later than 10 Ma. Tectonically driven rock uplift coupled with southerly migration of the maximum rainfall belt during a time of drying, may have focused erosion over the Lesser Himalayan Duplex and created the Kullu‐Rampur Window.
Processing capacity‐based decision mechanism edge computing model for IoT applications
Authors: Premkumar S. , Sigappi A.N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe handling of complex tasks in IoT applications becomes difficult due to the limited availability of resources in most IoT devices. There arises a need to offload the IoT tasks with huge processing and storage to resource enriched edge and cloud. In edge computing, factors such as arrival rate, nature and size of task, network conditions, platform differences and energy consumption of IoT end devices impacts in deciding an optimal offloading mechanism. A model is developed to make a dynamic decision for offloading of tasks to edge and cloud or local execution by computing the expected time, energy consumption and processing capacity. This dynamic decision is proposed as processing capacity‐based decision mechanism (PCDM) which takes the offloading decisions on new tasks by scheduling all the available devices based on processing capacity. The target devices are then selected for task execution with respect to energy consumption, task size and network time. PCDM is developed in the EDGECloudSim simulator for four different applications from various categories such as time sensitiveness, smaller in size and less energy consumption. The PCDM offloading methodology is experimented through simulations to compare with multi‐criteria decision support mechanism for IoT offloading (MEDICI). Strategies based on task weightage termed as PCDM‐AI, PCDM‐SI, PCDM‐AN, and PCDM‐SN are developed and compared against the five baseline existing strategies namely IoT‐P, Edge‐P, Cloud‐P, Random‐P, and Probabilistic‐P. These nine strategies are again developed using MEDICI with the same parameters of PCDM. Finally, all the approaches using PCDM and MEDICI are compared against each other for four different applications. From the simulation results, it is inferred that every application has unique approach performing better in terms of response time, total task execution, energy consumption of device, and total energy consumption of applications.
An optimized method for obtaining clinical‐grade specific cell subpopulations from human umbilical cord‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Jia Yali , Wang Ailin , Zhao Bichun , Wang Chao , Su Ruyu , Zhang Biao , Fan Zeng , Zeng Quan , He Lijuan , Pei Xuetao , Yue Wen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are heterogeneous populations with broad application prospects in cell therapy, and using specific subpopulations of MSCs can enhance their particular capability under certain conditions and achieve better therapeutic effects. However, no studies have reported how to obtain high‐quality specific MSC subpopulations in vitro culture. Here, for the first time, we established a general operation process for obtaining high‐quality clinical‐grade cell subpopulations from human umbilical cord MSCs (hUC‐MSCs) based on particular markers. We used the MSC‐CD106+ subpopulations, whose biological function has been well documented, as an example to explore and optimize the crucial links of primary preparation, pre‐treatment, antibody incubation, flow sorting, quality and function test. After comprehensively evaluating the quality and function of the acquired MSC‐CD106+ subpopulations, including in vitro cell viability, apoptosis, proliferation, marker stability, adhesion ability, migration ability, tubule formation ability, immunomodulatory function and in vivo wound healing ability and proangiogenic activity, we defined an important pre‐treatment scheme which might effectively improve the therapeutic efficiency of MSC‐CD106+ subpopulations in two critical clinical application scenarios—direct injection after cell sorting and post‐culture injection into bodies. Based on the above, we tried to establish a general five‐step operation procedure for acquiring high‐quality clinical‐grade MSC subpopulations based on specific markers, which cannot only improve their enrichment efficiency and the reliability of preclinical studies, but also provide valuable methodological guidance for the rapid clinical transformation of specific MSC subpopulations.
Predicted heart mass for size matching in obese heart transplant donors and recipients
Authors: Aleksova Natasha , Fan Chun‐Po S. , Foroutan Farid , Moayedi Yas , Posada Juan Duero , McGuinty Caroline , Luk Adriana , Stehlik Josef , Ross Heather J. , Alba Ana C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionPredicted heart mass (PHM) was neither derived nor evaluated in an obese population. Our objective was to evaluate size mismatch using actual body weight or ideal body weight (IBW)‐adjusted PHM on mortality and risk assessment.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult recipients with BMI ≥30 kg/m2 or recipients of donors with BMI≥30 kg/m2 from the ISHLT registry. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazard models to evaluate 30‐day and 1‐year mortality. The two models were compared using net reclassification index.Results10,817 HT recipients, age 55 (IQR 46–62) years, 23% female, BMI 31 kg/m2 (IQR 28–33) were included. Donors were age 34 (IQR 24–44) years, 31% female, and BMI 31 kg/m2 (IQR 26–34). There was a significant nonlinear association between mortality and actual PHM but not IBW‐adjusted PHM. Undersizing using actual PHM was associated with higher 30‐day and 1‐year mortality (p < .01), not seen with IBW‐adjusted PHM. Actual PHM better risk classified .6% (95% CI .3–.8) patients compared to IBW‐adjusted PHM.ConclusionActual PHM can be used for size matching when assessing mortality risk in obese recipients or recipients of obese donors. There is no advantage to re‐calculating PHM using IBW to define candidate risk at the time of organ allocation.
Effects of angiotensin II in the management of perioperative hypotension in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Andrews Lauren , Benken Jamie , Benedetti Enrico , Nishioka Hokuto , Pierce Dana , Dalton Kaitlyn , Han Justin , Shin Bona , Benken Scott 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundDue to the mechanisms of action of conventional catecholamine vasopressors, there is increased risk of renal allograft injury and adverse events in transplant recipients with fluid‐refractory distributive shock during the perioperative period. As such, mechanistically alternative vasopressors like angiotensin II (ATII) may avoid these complications, but there is an absence of data supporting use in this population.MethodsThis was a single‐center, single‐arm, open‐label, phase 4 study conducted as a 1‐year pilot of 20 adult renal transplant recipients receiving ATII as their first continuous infusion vasopressor in the perioperative period. The study aim was to systematically assess the safety and hemodynamic effects of ATII. Safety was assessed based on the incidence of adverse events. Hemodynamic effect was assessed by the achievement of per protocol hemodynamic goals (i.e., SBP ≥120 mmHg) and the need for adjunct vasopressors.ResultsMost cases involved deceased donors (70%), with a corresponding mean (SD) cold ischemia time of 14.7 (8.6) h. Over a surgery duration of 5.3 (1.2) h, subjects received 3.2 (2.0) L of total volume resuscitation prior to ATII initiation. No adverse events were directly related to ATII administration. Throughout this period, ATII was utilized for a median of 1.0 (IQR, 1.5) h intraoperatively (N = 7), 26.5 (IQR, 84.8) h postoperatively (N = 4), and 63.8 (IQR, 57.8) h in subjects who required ATII both intra‐ and postoperatively (N = 9). Only one of the 20 patients needed adjunct continuous infusion vasopressors in addition to ATII.ConclusionsBased on the observations of this pilot study, ATII is a safe and effective vasopressor option for renal transplant recipients requiring perioperative hypotension reversal.
Combined effects of rainfall types and antecedent soil moisture on runoff generation at a hillslope of red soil region
Authors: Wang Yaji , Gao Lei , Huang Shangshu , Peng Xinhua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe runoff threshold is one of the important parameters in hillslope hydrology. Information on the combined roles of rainfall types and antecedent soil moisture in the runoff generation threshold is still scarce. Therefore, we linked the runoff generation behaviours of a 150‐m hillslope with rainfall types and antecedent soil moisture conditions during a 4‐year observation period between January 2017 and December 2020 in the red soil region of China. We found that the surface runoff of a hillslope could be modelled with a relatively high accuracy using HYDRUS 1D. Rainfall event types, classified into four types (I, II, III and IV) using a machine learning based k‐means clustering algorithm, significantly affected the modelling accuracy of runoff. The prediction accuracy decreased as the level of rainfall type increased, with decreasing from 0.93 for type I to 0.41 for type IV and RMSE increasing from 0.0082 to 0.025 accordingly. The scope of the runoff threshold, represented by antecedent soil water storage of 0–30 cm and event rainfall amount (ASW+P), ranged between 97 and 139 mm. That is, when ASW+P was lower than the lower limit, no runoff occurred in all of the rainfall events, and runoff would be generated without considering the hydrological conditions if ASW+P was higher than 139 mm. The driving factors of runoff generation were strongly dependent on the classified rainfall types. Hourly maximum rainfall intensity was the main contributor to runoff generation for the relatively slight rainfall events (i.e., types I and II). The rainfall amount, however, played a dominant role for the rainfall types with larger amounts and intensities (i.e., types III and IV). These findings provide insights into the method of determining runoff thresholds as well as the inner mechanisms of runoff generation behaviours at the hillslope scale under regions with similar climatic and hydrological conditions to the present study.Highlights
Heavy rainfall events were the main error sources of runoff modelling.
The threshold of runoff generation was identified by the combination of antecedent soil moisture and rainfall.
Threshold scope of runoff generation ranged between 97 and 139 mm.
Rainfall classification is valuable in understanding runoff generation behaviours.
Runoff driving factors depended on rainfall types.
Modeling Culture: A Framework
Authors: Henderson Nicole L. , Monocello Lawrence T. , Else Robert J. , Dressler William W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCognitive culture theory and the associated methods of cultural domain analysis and cultural consensus analysis have revolutionized the study of cultural sharing and variation. However, the ways in which these methods can be employed are still not widely appreciated. Our aim in this paper is to propose a systematic framework for investigating cultural models. We provide examples of ideal types of sharing and variation in cultural models, including monocentric cultural models, multifocal cultural models, and multicentric cultural models. This review will contribute to mixed methods by providing a roadmap for researchers interested in employing cultural modeling in their own work, but who may not have a well‐developed sense of the various ways in which it can be pursued.
A nonlinear uniaxial fatigue damage accumulation model based on the theory of material configurational forces
Authors: Chen Yujie , Sun Dexin , Hou Junling , Li Qun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo ensure the integrity and reliability of structures, it is of great importance to understand the fatigue damage mechanism of materials under different amplitude loading conditions. For this purpose, a nonlinear fatigue damage accumulation model based on material configurational forces is developed in this paper. Specially, since the material configurational force is defined on the material space point and directly associated with the evolution of material configuration, it is introduced as an internal variable to describe fatigue damage accumulation. Additionally, the corresponding relation between configurational force and stress state is presented. Meanwhile, the damage increasing among every loading cycle, that is, the damage rate, is dependent on the stress state and damage state variable. Therefore, the formulation of damage rate is proposed by a function of material configurational force and damage state variable. Further, numerical implementation of this proposed nonlinear fatigue damage accumulation model has been carried out through two notched structures to describe the fatigue damage evolution and predict the fatigue life of materials. The results indicate that the numerical results are consistent with previous experimental data.