bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the shunt implantation technology in patients with open-angle glaucoma and clinical results
Authors: Smetankin I. G. , Salahutdinov I. M. , Bessonova L. A. , Belousova N. U. 
Published: September 2022

Glaucoma continues to lead among the irreversible causes of blindness and low vision. In some cases, surgical treatment is the method of choice even for newly detected glaucoma. The indication for the use of drains is refractory glaucoma, but today microshunting is widely enough used in patients with primary open angle glaucoma at the first stage of surgical treatment.The aim of the study is to develop a technology of polymeric microshunt implantation and estimate the clinical effect of its using for the surgical treatment of worsening and terminal open‑angle glaucoma.Materials and Methods. 30 patients (30 eyes) with open‑angle glaucoma and high level of intraocular pressure (IOP) were observed. All the patients were given modified partial‑thickness deep sclerectomy with the polymeric microshunt implantation by means of the developed insertor. The shunt made of polymer (polycarbonate methacrylate) is a hollow square tube 2.5 mm long, the diameter of the inner hole is 0.2 mm. The needle cut angle is 45 degrees, the end of the needle has an additional lateral anti‑lock hole. The microshunt consists of two parts: the needle for placing into the anterior chamber and supporting elements for the shunt fixation between the superficial and deep layers of the sclera. The insertor we created is an instrument 12.2 mm long with the 2.2 mm long thin rod at the end. Before implantation the shunt put on the needle is securely fixed due to the working part of the tool cut (45 degrees), which is congruent to the external part of the shunt. After the implantation the needle is removed from the shunt by pressing the side button of the insertor that allows to leave the shunt at the implantation site.Results. All the patients demonstrated good results at a distant time with areactive current of postoperative period. Computer static projector perimetry and visometry didn’t reveal any negative dynamics during the entire observation period. According to ophthalmoscopy and optical coherent tomography results, the changes of the optic disc, ganglion cells layer in the macula and peripapillary nerve fibers remained at the same level.Conclusion. Antiglaucomatous surgery according to the invented technology of the polymeric shunt implantation with the help of the original insertor in combination with modified sclerectomy provides stable hypotensive effect and minimizes complications. In addition, the method helps to stabilize visual functions in patients with worsening and terminal open‑angle glaucoma and high level of IOP.
The role of the volume of endolaser coagulation in the appearance of perisilicone proliferation in retinal detachment surgery
Authors: Aktamov A. Sh. , Mamatov Q. M. , Ibodullayeva D. Ch. 
Published: September 2022

Background. Endolaser coagulation (ELС) is an integral part of endovitreal retinal detachment (RD) surgery. The study of the role of ELC volume (total laser energy and the amount of applied coagulates) in the formation of perisilicone oil proliferation (POP) after RD surgery of various origins is necessary to prevent postoperative complications.The purpose of this study was to study the role of the ELC volume in the formation of POP in RD surgery of various genesis.Materials and methods. The study was conducted in the private clinic “SIHAT KO’Z” from 2019 to 2021. 88 (88 eyes) patients with retinal detachment of different genesis were examined. The age range varied from 21 to 67 years, the average age was 47.4 ± 3.1 years. 61 (69%) patients had rhegmatogenous RD, 27 (31%) tractional RD. The macular area was involved in RD in 64 (73%) cases, and was intact in 24 (27%) cases.Results. In 11 patients PP formed the day after surgery, in 4 (4.5%) exudate and fibrin were formed in the anterior chamber, in 4 (4.5%) re‑injection of silicone oil was required due to incomplete retinal adhesion. In 2 (2.3%) cases iridocorneal adhesions were formed. The study showed that the occurrence of the above complications was directly related to the intensive effect of ELC during surgery for retinal detachment.Conclusion. Thus, increased coagulation and energy volume in ELC during surgical treatment of retinal detachment is important in the occurrence of PP. The analysis revealed a clear relationship between the development of a proliferative membrane and the volume of ELC. Since PP is a factor that reduces the effectiveness of surgical treatment of retinal detachment, the recommendation is to reduce the volume of ELC to the minimum necessary.
SELEKSI PROSES DAN PENENTUAN KAPASITAS PABRIK PADA PRA-RANCANGAN PABRIK BUBUK KALDU JAMUR TIRAM
Authors: Putri Firdausya Pramada , Dewi Ernia Novika 
Published: September 2022

Kebutuhan masyarakat di Indonesia dinilai semakin beragam dari tahun ke tahun, tak terkecuali kebutuhan akan Bahan Tambahan Pangan (BTP). Salah satunya yaitu MSG sebagai penyedap rasa sintetis. Peningkatan impor MSG menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan MSG di Indonesia relatif besar dan meningkat setiap tahunnya. Berdasarkan data impor MSG, pada tahun 2020 meningkat 64,5% dari tahun sebelumnya. Peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat akan gaya hidup sehat mendorong penggunaan produk makanan yang lebih aman untuk kesehatan. Salah satu inovasi penyedap rasa berbahan alami yang digunakan adalah jamur yang diolah menjadi produk penyedap rasa dengan nama bubuk kaldu jamur. Tujuan studi literatur ini yaitu menentukan kapasitas produksi dan seleksi proses untuk mengetahui proses terbaik agar tidak mengalami kerugian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode grading untuk menentukan seleksi proses dan metode linier untuk penentuan kapasitas pabrik bubuk kaldu jamur. Berdasarkan pemilihan proses dengan menggunakan metode grading, pengeringan dengan metode spray drying merupakan proses pengeringan terbaik untuk menghasilkan bubuk kaldu jamur tiram dengan yield sebesar 35% dan waktu pengoperasian terendah yaitu 15 menit. Dengan mempertimbangkan faktor bahan baku dan perubahan pola hidup masyarakat akan kesehatan, maka pra-rancangan pabrik bubuk kaldu jamur tiram ini ditentukan berkapasitas 5.000 ton/tahun.
PERHITUNGAN ANALISIS EKONOMI PRA RANCANGAN PABRIK KIMIA PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK SAWIT MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS NAOH DAN CAO DENGAN KAPASITAS 400.000 TON/TAHUN
Authors: Azizah Berlian Nurul , Mas’udah Mas’udah , Santosa Sandra 
Published: September 2022

Kelayakan suatu pabrik dapat didirikan atau tidaknya dapat dilakukan dengan analisis ekonomi. Dengan analisis ekonomi maka dapat memperkirakan hasil kelayakan pabrik biodiesel menguntungkan atau merugikan. Tujuan dari studi literatur ini adalah mengetahui analisis perhitungan ekonomi pra-rancangan pabrik biodiesel dengan bahan baku minyak sawit berkapasitas 400.000 ton yang akan didirikan pada tahun 2024. Metode analisis ekonomi dilakukan dengan cara mencari nilai FCI, nilai TCI, modal perusahaan, perhitungan TPC, dan analisis profitabilitas. Dari hasil analisis ekonomi didapatkan laba kotor Rp 10.103.615.677 dan untuk laba bersih Rp6.602.169.406. ROI sebelum pajak 14,14% dan setelah pajak 8,49%. POT selama 6 tahun sedangkan titik BEP pada 55,59%. Nilai IRR sebesar 12,68% lebih besar dari bunga bank. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan ekonomi maka pabrik dengan kapasitas 400.000 ton/tahun layak untuk didirikan.
PRETREATMENT SONIKASI DAN STEAM DISTILLATION UNTUK MENINGKATKAN YIELD MINYAK ATSIRI DARI KULIT JERUK SEBAGAI MEDIA PELURUH SAMPAH STYROFOAM
Authors: Ramadhan Ednin Syahrul , Firdaus Muhammad Alfin , Dewi Ernia Novika 
Published: September 2022

Sampah styrofoam merupakan sampah anorganik yang sulit terurai sehingga berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan dan lingkungan. Limonene merupakan salah satu komponen terbanyak yang terdapat pada kulit jeruk dan mampu meluruhkan styrofoam dengan memecah ikatannya menjadi monomer sehingga mudah terurai oleh alam. Limonene dapat dihasilkan dari minyak atsiri kulit jeruk dan kandungan limonene merupakan komponen terbesar pada minyak atsiri kulit jeruk. Oleh sebab itu perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang pretreatment sonikasi dan steam distillation untuk meningkatkan yield minyak atsiri dari kulit jeruk sebagai media peluruh sampah styrofoam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu sonikasi dan waktu destilasi terhadap yield minyak atsiri kulit jeruk yang dihasilkan, serta membuktikan minyak atsiri mampu meluruhkan styrofoam. Proses ekstraksi kulit jeruk peras dilakukan menggunakan metode steam distillation dengan disertai proses sonikasi sebagai pretreatment. Kondisi terbaik pada proses ekstraksi dicapai pada waktu sonikasi 1 jam dan waktu distilasi 6 jam dengan yield yang didapat 2,1095%. Minyak atsiri yang dihasilkan memiliki densitas 0, 827287 gr/ml, viskositas kinematik 0,01025744 cm2/s dan viskositas dinamis 0,0084858 gr/cms. Dari hasil analisis GC-MS, komponen penyusun minyak atsiri kulit jeruk peras adalah limonene 98,52% dan myrcene 1,48%. Hasil peluruhan styrofoam jenis wadah elektronik menggunakan larutan peluruh dengan komposisi (minyak atsiri : etanol : air) adalah 1:1:2 kemudian dianalisis dengan GC-FID menunjukkan adanya perubahan polistiren menjadi monostiren.
PEMBUATAN PLASTIK BIODEGRADABLE DENGAN VARIASI JENIS FILLER DAN PLASTICIZER
Authors: Fadlilah Nada , Udjiana Sigit 
Published: September 2022

Sampah plastik masih menjadi masalah yang sukar dipecahkan. Data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) 2021 menyebutkan limbah plastik Indonesia mencapai 66 juta ton per tahun, sehingga dibutuhkan pembuatan plastik yang mudah terurai, salah satunya menggunakan biji mangga yang dapat digunakan sebagai materi polimer organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan plastik yang mudah terurai dari beberapa karakteristik berdasarkan standar yang telah ditentukan yaitu SNI 7188.7:2016. Pembuatan plastik menggunakan metode penelitian RAL faktorial (Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang disusun faktorial) menggunakan variasi plasticizer sorbitol dan polyethylene glycols (PEG) 400 serta kalsium silikat 4%, 6%, 8% dan seng oksida 4%, 6%, 8% sebagai variasi filler, kemudian melakukan beberapa pengujian berupa uji biodegradabilitas, water absorption, kuat tarik dan elongasi untuk mengetahui karakteristik parameter dari hasil pengolahan bioplastik. Perolehan uji biodegradabilitas terbesar didapatkan oleh sampel A1B1 (sorbitol & kalsium silikat 4%) sebesar 76%, pengujian kuat tarik pada sampel A3B3 (PEG 400 & seng oksida 8%) yaitu 1,6484 MPa, hasil perolehan elongasi terbaik terdapat pada sampel A2B3 (sorbitol & seng oksida 8%) sebesar 8% kemudian persentase nilai water absorption yaitu 5% pada sampel A3B1 (PEG 400 30% & seng oksida 4%). Hasil karakterisasi untuk observasi plastik biodegradable selain pengujian biodegradabilitas masih belum memenuhi standar kemasan plastik yang mudah terurai.
SELEKSI PROSES DAN PENENTUAN KAPASITAS PRODUKSI PADA INDUSTRI DISPROPORTIONATED ROSIN (DPR) DARI GUM ROSIN
Authors: Wardah Afifatul , Chumaidi Achmad 
Published: September 2022

Indonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki wilayah hutan yang cukup luas, Salah satu jenis tanaman yang terdapat di hutan indonesia adalah pinus. Gum rosin merupakan salah satu produk yang dihasilkan dari proses pemisahan getah pinus (pinus merkusii) melalui cara penyulingan sehingga menghasilkan minyak terpentin. Salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk membuat rosin modifikasi adalah menggunakan metode disproporsionasi sehingga menghasilkan produk berupa disproportionated rosin (DPR). pada pembuatan disproportionated rosin terdapat beberapa macam proses sehingga perlu dilakukan seleksi proses. Pada tahap seleksi proses pembuatan DPR ini menggunakan metode grading dengan hasil grade 790 pada proses tanpa katalis, hasil ini didapatkan karena pembuatan tanpa katalis ramah lingkungan, suhu dan tekanan yang digunakan relatif rendah sehingga menghemat energi serta biaya, bahan baku yang digunakan mudah didapatkan dan murah, dan menghasilkan kemurnian 99,9% gum rosin. Pada penentuan kapasitas dilakukan dengan perhitungan pertumbuhan rata-rata pertahun pada proses produksi DPR, dengan menggunakan data ekspor dan impor disproportionated rosin pada tahun 2016-2020 untuk mendapatkan hasil perkiraan pada tahun 2023. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode proses yang efektif digunakan adalah pembuatan disproportionated rosin tanpa katalis dengan kapasitas produksi pabrik pada tahun 2023 sebesar 2.500 ton/tahun. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pabrik ini layak untuk didirikan.
Measuring the Knowledge and Behaviors of University Students Toward Rational Use of Herbal Supplement Products in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: BÜYÜKER Sultan Mehtap 
Published: September 2022

Objective: This study was planned to measure the knowledge and behavior of university students toward the rational use of herbal supplements during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: It was carried out with students from Üsküdar University Faculty of Health Sciences and Health Services Vocational School. The study used a descriptive design and was completed with 640 students who volunteered to participate in the study. The data were collected by using a questionnaire including questions about students’ rational use of herbal supplements according to their gender, faculty, the status of having had COVID-19 viral infection, and the status of having received education on pharmacology and medicinal plant products. Counts, mean scores, and percentage values were used in the evaluation of the data.
Results: It was found that 15.5% of the participants were from the Faculty of Health Sciences and their mean age was 20.8±2.84 years and that 84.5% were from the Health Vocational School and their mean age was 21.42±3.87 years. The rate of having had COVID-19 viral infection among students was 22.7%, having received pharmacology education was 75.5%, and having received education on medicinal plant products was 46.3%.
Conclusion: It was found that the pharmacology and medicinal plant products education received by the students studying health significantly affected the rational use of herbal supplements and that students should be given more education on phytotherapy.
Brief communication: Effects of conditioned media from human platelet lysate cultured MSC on osteogenic cell differentiation in vitro
Authors: Shanbhag Siddharth , Al-Sharabi Niyaz , Mohamed-Ahmed Samih , Gruber Reinhard , Kristoffersen Einar K. , Mustafa Kamal 
Published: September 2022

Culturing mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) in human platelet lysate (HPL) supplemented media can enhance their osteogenic differentiation potential. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that conditioned media (CM) derived from HPL-cultured MSC also have pro-osteogenic effects. Pooled CM was prepared from HPL-cultured human bone marrow MSC (BMSC) of multiple donors and applied on BMSC of different donors (than those used for CM preparation), with or without additional supplementation [HPL, fetal bovine serum (FBS)] and osteogenic stimulation. At various time-points, cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteogenic gene expression and in vitro mineralization were assessed. BMSC in standard unstimulated growth media served as controls. After 3–7 days, CM alone did not promote BMSC proliferation or ALP activity; supplementation of CM with HPL slightly improved these effects. After 2 and 7 days, CM alone, but not CM supplemented with HPL, promoted osteogenic gene expression. After 14 days, only CM supplemented with FBS and osteogenic stimulants supported in vitro BMSC mineralization; CM alone and CM supplemented with HPL did not support mineralization, regardless of osteogenic stimulation. In summary, CM from HPL-cultured BMSC promoted osteogenic gene expression but not in vitro mineralization in allogeneic BMSC even when supplemented with HPL and/or osteogenic stimulants. Future studies should investigate the role and relevance of supplementation and osteogenic induction in in vitro assays using CM from MSC.
Electrophoretic-deposited MXene titanium coatings in regulating bacteria and cell response for peri-implantitis
Authors: Huang Si , Fu Yu , Mo Anchun 
Published: September 2022

Background: Two-dimensional(2D)MXenes have continued to receive increasing interest from researchers due to their graphene-like properties, in addition to their versatile properties for applications in electronic devices, power generation, sensors, drug delivery, and biomedicine. However, their construction and biological properties as titanium coatings to prevent peri-implantitis are still unclear.Materials and methods: In this work, few-layer Ti3C2Tx MXene coatings with different thicknesses at varied depositing voltages (30, 40, and 50 V) were constructed by anodic electrophoretic deposition without adding any electrolytic ions. In vitro cytocompatibility assay was performed on preosteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) cell lines after the characterization of the coating. Meanwhile, the antibacterial activity against bacteria which are closely related to peri-implantitis including Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and its drug-resistant strain MRSA was further investigated.Results: MXene-coated titanium models with different thicknesses were successfully assembled by analyzing the results of characterization. The compounding of Ti3C2Tx could significantly improve the initial adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Moreover, the coating can effectively inhibit the adhesion and cell activity of S. aureus and MRSA, and MRSA expressed greater restricting behavior than S. aureus. The ability to promote antibacterial activity is proportional to the content of Ti3C2Tx. Its antioxidant capacity to reduce ROS in the culture environment and bacterial cells was first revealed.Conclusion: In summary, this work shows a new avenue for MXene-based nano-biomaterials under the clinical problem of multiple antibiotic resistance.
Enzyme linked oligonucleotide assay for the sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Shola David Michael , Kanayeva Damira 
Published: September 2022

The exponential spread of COVID-19 has prompted the need to develop a simple and sensitive diagnostic tool. Aptamer-based detection assays like ELONA are promising since they are inexpensive and sensitive. Aptamers have advantages over antibodies in wide modification, small size, in vitro selection, and stability under stringent conditions, which aid in scalable and reliable detection. In this work, we used aptamers against SARS-CoV-2 RBD S protein to design a simple and sensitive ELONA detection tool. Screening CoV2-RBD-1C and CoV2-RBD-4C aptamers and optimizing assay conditions led to the development of a direct ELONA that can detect SARS-CoV-2 RBD S glycoprotein in buffer solution and 0.1 % human nasal fluid with a detection limit of 2.16 ng/mL and 1.02 ng/mL, respectively. We detected inactivated Alpha, Wuhan, and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 with the detection limit of 3.73, 5.72, and 6.02 TCID50/mL, respectively. Using the two aptamers as capture and reporter elements, we designed a more sensitive sandwich assay to identify the three SARS-CoV-2 variants employed in this research. As predicted, a lower detection limit was obtained. Sandwich assay LOD was 2.31 TCID50/mL for Alpha, 1.15 TCID50/mL for Wuhan, and 2.96 TCID50/mL for Delta. The sensitivity of sandwich ELONA was validated using Alpha and Wuhan variants spiked in 0.1% human nasal fluid sample condition and were detected in 1.41 and 1.79 TCID50/mL LOD, respectively. SEM was used to visualize the presence of viral particles in the Delta variant sample. The effective detection of SARS-CoV-2 in this study confirms the potential of our aptamer-based technique as a screening tool.
Trimethyllysine, a trimethylamine N-oxide precursor, predicts the presence, severity, and prognosis of heart failure
Authors: Zong Xiao , Fan Qin , Yang Qian , Pan Roubai , Zhuang Lingfang , Xi Rui , Zhang Ruiyan , Tao Rong 
Published: September 2022

Background and aimsIntestinal flora metabolites are associated with cardiovascular (CV) diseases including heart failure (HF). The carnitine precursor trimethyllysine (TML), which participates in the generation of the atherogenic-related metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), was found to be related to poor prognosis in patients with CV diseases. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between TML and stable chronic HF.Methods and resultsIn total, 956 subjects including 471 stable chronic HF and 485 non-HF patients were enrolled in the present cohort study and subjects with stable HF were followed up for 2.0 ± 1.1 years. Serum levels of TML and TMAO were measured by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry in tandem. TML levels were significantly elevated in patients with HF compared with non-HF patients and were positively correlated with N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) levels (r = 0.448, P &lt; 0.001). TML was associated with the presence of HF after adjusting for age, sex, complications, traditional clinical factors, and TMAO (tertile 3 (T3), adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19–3.13, and P = 0.007). In patients with HF, increased TML levels were associated with a composite endpoint of CV death and HF hospitalization during follow-up (T3, adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.93, 95% CI 1.27–2.93, and P = 0.002). Increased TML levels indicated a higher risk of CV death, re-hospitalization, and all-cause mortality.ConclusionSerum TML levels were associated with the presence and severity of HF in all subjects. High levels of TML can indicate complications and poor prognosis in HF patients.
A novel predictive model for new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients after isolated cardiac valve surgery
Authors: Yang Heng , Yuan Chen , Yang Juesheng , Xiang Haiyan , Lan Wanqi , Tang Yanhua 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundPostoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a severe complication after cardiac surgery and is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke and mortality. The main aim of this study was to identify the independent predictors associated with POAF after isolated valve operation and to develop a risk prediction model.MethodsThis retrospective observational study involved patients without previous AF who underwent isolated valve surgery from November 2018 to October 2021. Patients were stratified into two groups according to the development of new-onset POAF. Baseline characteristics and perioperative data were collected from the two groups of patients. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to identify independent risk factors for the occurrence of POAF, and the results of the multivariate analysis were used to create a predictive nomogram.ResultsA total of 422 patients were included in the study, of which 163 (38.6%) developed POAF. The Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that cardiac function (odds ratio [OR] = 2.881, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.595–5.206; P &lt; 0.001), Left atrial diameter index (OR = 1.071, 95%CI = 1.028–1.117; P = 0.001), Operative time (OR = 1.532, 95%CI = 1.095–2.141; P = 0.013), Neutrophil count (OR = 1.042, 95%CI = 1.006–1.08; P = 0.021) and the magnitude of fever (OR = 3.414, 95%CI = 2.454–4.751; P &lt; 0.001) were independent predictors of POAF. The above Variables were incorporated, and a nomogram was successfully constructed with a C-index of 0.810. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.817.ConclusionCardiac function, left atrial diameter index, operative time, neutrophil count, and fever were independent predictors of POAF in patients with isolated valve surgery. Establishing a nomogram model based on the above predictors helps predict the risk of POAF and may have potential clinical utility in preventive interventions.