bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effekten av en forlenget munnhygienefase før periodontal behandling. En randomisert klinisk studie
Authors: Preus Hans , Lami Quamar AL- , Bælum Vibeke 
Published: September 2022

Hovedpunkter
Munnhygienefasen er en integrert del av periodontal terapi.
Imidlertid er det ikke kjent hvor mye lengden og strengheten av denne fasen i seg selv kan redusere periodontale parametere til en pasient.
Denne studien viser at en tre-måneders streng munnhygienefase kan redusere periodontale lommedybder svært mye, faktisk så mye at den kan endre en periodontal behandlingsplan som normalt ville inkludert periodontal kirurgi og/eller antibiotika til enkel, systematisk depurasjon.
Munnhelse i sykehjem – en undersøkelse gjort i Akershus
Authors: Preus Hans R. , Merete Aass Anne , Grytten Jostein 
Published: September 2022

Hovedbudskap
Det var utilstrekkelig forebyggende tiltak mot munnhulesykdommer i sykehjemmene.
32,5% av beboerne hadde fullt tannsett fra og med andre premolar til andre premolar i begge kjever.
Mer enn 40% hadde utilstrekkelig munnhygiene for å forebygge karies og periodontitt
I underkant av 25% opplevde smerter, uprovoserte eller provoserte
Undersøkelsesforholdene for tannhelsearbeiderne var utfordrende, til dels umulige, og gjorde forebyggende tiltak og diagnostikk vanskelig.
Tidlig kroneterapi utført hos ungdommer med alvorlig amelogenesis imperfecta forbedrer livsutfoldelsen
Authors: Das Runa , Børstad Eva , Jullumstrø Feuerheim Astrid , Lundgren Gunilla Pousette , Dahlöf Göran , Skeie Marit Slåttelid 
Published: September 2022

Hovedbudskap
Unge med alvorlig AI opplever negativ påvirkning på psykososial helse på grunn av tennenes utseende og funksjon
Klinisk praksis i Norge i dag er å utsette kronebehandling til pasienten er blitt voksen
Kronebehandling ved alvorlig AI bør utføres etter at tennene er helt frembrutte og ikke avvente til voksen alder
Ungdommer med alvorlig grad av AI har rett til å nyte godt av den høyest oppnåelige helsestandard og bør tilbys kroneterapi i unge år
Oralt verrukøst karsinom: Pasienten ønsket ikke behandling
Authors: Vatne David Nikolai Breidablik , Loro Lado Lako 
Published: September 2022

Hovedbudskap
Den samtykkekompetente pasienten har rett til å takke nei til helsehjelp etter at han/hun har fått nødvendig informasjon om tilstanden og innholdet av helsehjelpen. Slik er det ikke for pasienter over 18 år som mangler samtykkekompetanse, da pasient- og brukerrettighetsloven §4-6 kommer til anvendelse . Av denne fremgår det at den som yter helsehjelp kan ta beslutninger om helsehjelp, forutsatt at en slik hjelp anses å være i pasientens interesse og at det er sannsynlig at pasienten ville gitt tillatelse til slik helsehjelp. Det er et krav at beslutningen skal treffes etter samråd med annet kvalifisert helsepersonell, og der det er mulig etter å ha innhentet informasjon fra pårørende om hva pasienten ville ha ønsket. I denne artikkelen vil vi drøfte denne problematikken på bakgrunn av en konkret pasientkasuistikk.
Mukogingivale forandringer som følge av bruk av snus – presentasjon av fem kasus
Authors: Fardal Øystein , Johannessen Anne Christine 
Published: September 2022

Hovedbudskap
Bruken av snus er økende i Norge, særlig blant yngre mennesker
Kasuspresentasjonene viser mukogingivale forandringer og gingivale retraksjoner som ofte er observert hos pasienter.
Det er viktig å være klar over de orale forandringene som kan skje i forbindelse med bruken av snus og anbefale pasientene å slutte.
The Role Of Pregnancy Age, Blood Pressure And Vitamin D Deficit On Urine Protein Levels In Pregnant Women: A Study In Rural Population
Authors: Dewi Retnosari Eka , Marlinda Marlinda 
Published: September 2022

Preeclampsia is a potentially dangerous pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and protein levels in the urine that are prone to occur in the third trimester. Urine protein levels have been known as a definite indicator of preeclampsia cases and are also determinants of the severity of preeclampsia experienced by pregnant women. The incidence of preeclampsia accounts for 3-8% of all pregnancies and is the cause of the most maternal deaths in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors that contribute to the severity of preeclampsia through urine protein levels in pregnant women. The Method used an Analytical observation design with a crossectional approach to analyze data obtained from 76 pregnant women in Muara Enim Regency, Indonesia, who met the inclusion criteria in this study. The results show a significant association of risky gestational age, blood pressure, and deficiency vitamin D with urine protein levels in pregnant women. At the same time, the age and Body Mass Index (BMI) of pregnant women proved not to be significantly related to the urine proteins of pregnant women. The Conclusion is Prevention and treatment can be done by knowing the predictors that cause the occurrence of urine protein in pregnant women. Education about the detection of risk factors becomes essential to be conveyed by health workers to mothers undergoing pregnancy or entering the second trimester of pregnancy.
Psychological Exploitation of Pregnant Women During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Miskiyah Miskiyah , Clarasari Mahalia Putri Nia 
Published: September 2022

The spread of COVID-19 globally impacts individuals' fear, stress, and anxiety. This trend is increasing, especially in pregnant women because it belongs to the group at risk to the safety of themselves and their fetuses. This study explores pregnant women's concerns, problems, and attitudes regarding the condition of the outbreak of Covid-19 during the pandemic through detailed and directed discussions based on their respective experiences to be a benchmark for antenatal services by midwives.
Method: Data in analysis with qualitative studies. The interview was conducted on 14 pregnant women in Muara Enim Regency of South Sumatra via mobile phone due to social isolation regulations during the Covid-19 pandemic. The result of the analysis of interview content is processed with ten themes, namely: (1) negative emotional states, (2) living with uncertainty (3) changes in routine and social life. (4) concerns about infection, (5) the use of complementary therapies, (6) social support, (7) financial and occupational issues, (8) concerns about birth, (9) antenatal and postnatal services (10) Unclear information. This study shows that the Covid-19 pandemic caused various difficulties, anxiety, and fear, giving rise to various psychological changes in pregnancy. Midwives as antenatal service providers can make the results of this study to modify the special antenatal services of pandemic Covid-19. The service not only focuses on the physical but also prepares the mental health of pregnant women. Collaboration with other health teams becomes necessary to maintain the condition of maternal pregnancy during the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Use and Reporting of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Trials of Palliative Radiotherapy
Authors: Fabian Alexander , Domschikowski Justus , Letsch Anne , Schmalz Claudia , Freitag-Wolf Sandra , Dunst Juergen , Krug David 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceApproximately 50% of all patients with cancer have an indication for radiotherapy, and approximately 50% of radiotherapy is delivered with palliative intent, with the aim of alleviating symptoms. Symptoms are best assessed by patient-reported outcomes (PROs), yet their reliable interpretation requires adequate reporting in publications.ObjectiveTo investigate the use and reporting of PROs in clinical trials of palliative radiotherapy.Evidence ReviewThis preregistered systematic review searched PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials for clinical trials of palliative radiotherapy published from 1990 to 2020. Key eligibility criteria were palliative setting, palliative radiotherapy as treatment modality, and clinical trial design (per National Institutes of Health definition). Two authors independently assessed eligibility. Trial characteristics were extracted and standard of PRO reporting was assessed in adherence to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) PRO extension. The association of the year of publication with the use of PROs was assessed by logistic regression. Factors associated with higher CONSORT-PRO adherence were analyzed by multiple regression. This study is reported following the PRISMA guidelines.FindingsAmong 7377 records screened, 225 published clinical trials representing 24 281 patients were eligible. Of these, 45 trials (20%) used a PRO as a primary end point and 71 trials (31%) used a PRO as a secondary end point. The most prevalent PRO measures were the Numeric Rating Scale/Visual Analogue Scale (38 trials), European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 (32 trials), and trial-specific unvalidated measures (25 trials). A more recent year of publication was significantly associated with a higher chance of PROs as a secondary end point (odds ratio [OR], 1.04 [95% CI, 1.00-1.07]; P = .03) but not as primary end point. Adherence to CONSORT-PRO was poor or moderate for most items. Mean (SD) adherence to the extension adherence score was 46.2% (19.6%) for trials with PROs as primary end point and 31.8% (19.8%) for trials with PROs as a secondary end point. PROs as a primary end point (regression coefficient, 9.755 [95% CI, 2.270-17.240]; P = .01), brachytherapy as radiotherapy modality (regression coefficient, 16.795 [95% CI, 5.840-27.751]; P = .003), and larger sample size (regression coefficient, 0.028 [95% CI, 0.006-0.049]; P = .01) were significantly associated with better PRO reporting per extension adherence score.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review of palliative radiotherapy trials, the use and reporting of PROs had room for improvement for future trials, preferably with PROs as a primary end point.
Visual Outcomes and Optical Quality of Accommodative, Multifocal, Extended Depth-of-Focus, and Monofocal Intraocular Lenses in Presbyopia-Correcting Cataract Surgery
Authors: Cho Jeong-Yeon , Won Yeo Kyoung , Park Jongyeop , Nam Jin Hyun , Hong Ji-Yoon , Min Serim , Kim Nahyun , Chung Tae-Young , Lee Eui-Kyung , Kwon Sun-Hong , Lim Dong Hui 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceA bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) can help compare the various types of multifocal and monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) used in clinical practice.ObjectiveTo compare outcomes of presbyopia-correcting IOLs frequently recommended in clinical practice through a bayesian NMA based on a systematic review.Data SourcesMedline (PubMed) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched on May 15, 2021, from inception.Study SelectionBased on the research question, randomized clinical trials assessing multifocal IOLs in patients who underwent bilateral cataract extraction were searched. Nonrandomized studies, studies in patients with unilateral or contralateral cataract extractions, duplicated studies, conference abstracts, and nonpeer-reviewed articles were excluded.Data Extraction and SynthesisDescriptive statistics and outcomes were extracted. The NMA was conducted to compare different types of IOLs. The mean differences for continuous variables, odds ratios for binary variables, 95% credible intervals (CrIs), and ranks of interventions were estimated.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe outcomes examined included binocular visual acuities by distance and optical quality, including glare, halos, and spectacle independence.ResultsThis NMA included 27 studies comprising 2605 patients. For uncorrected near visual acuity, trifocal IOLs (mean difference, −0.32 [95% CrI, −0.46 to −0.19]) and old bifocal diffractive IOLs (mean difference, −0.33 [95% CrI, −0.50 to −0.14]) afforded better visual acuity than monofocal IOLs. Regarding uncorrected intermediate visual acuity, extended depth-of-focus IOLs provided better visual acuity than monofocal IOLs. However, there were no differences between extended depth-of-focus and trifocal diffractive IOLs in pairwise comparisons. For uncorrected distant visual acuity, all multifocal IOLs were comparable with monofocal IOLs. There were no statistical differences between multifocal and monofocal IOLs regarding contrast sensitivity, glare, or halos.Conclusions and RelevanceFor patients considering a multifocal IOL due to presbyopia, bilateral implantation of a trifocal IOL might be an optimal option for patients without compromising distant visual acuity.
Roles of Anion Sites in High‐Performance GeTe Thermoelectrics
Authors: Li Meng , Xu Sheng‐Duo , Hong Min , Lyu Wan‐Yu , Wang Yuan , Dargusch Matthew , Zou Jin , Cheng Hui‐Ming , Chen Zhi‐Gang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCationic doping is mainly used to improve the performance of rocksalt‐structured GeTe thermoelectric materials. However, its counterpart anionic doping is scarcely facilitated. Here, a comprehensive discussion is provided on doping at the anion site of rocksalt‐structured thermoelectric materials, surrounding its influence on bonding mechanisms, carrier and phonon transport characteristics, and thermoelectric figure‐of‐merit. To verify the viewpoint, a modified flux‐assist method is adopted to synthesize anionic Iodine (I) doped GeTe samples, which show comparably optimized electrical and thermal properties with that of cationic Antimony (Sb) or Bismuth (Bi) doped GeTe samples. Further combining cationic Bi and anionic I co‐doping, an enhanced figure‐of‐merit from 0.8 in pristine GeTe to 2.5 at 675 K can be realized in 8% (Bi and I) co‐doped GeTe, which corresponds to a maximum heat‐to‐electricity conversion efficiency of 14.6% under a temperature difference of 430 K. This study rationalizes the influence of anionic doping on the electrical and thermal properties of the rocksalt‐structured materials, which serves as an effective yet previously neglected strategy toward high‐performance GeTe thermoelectrics.
Revealing Lithium Battery Gas Generation for Safer Practical Applications
Authors: Liu Pei , Yang Luyi , Xiao Biwei , Wang Hongbin , Li Liewu , Ye Shenghua , Li Yongliang , Ren Xiangzhong , Ouyang Xiaoping , Hu Jiangtao , Pan Feng , Zhang Qianling , Liu Jianhong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGases generated from lithium batteries are detrimental to their electrochemical performances, especially under the unguarded runaway conditions, which tend to contribute the sudden gases accumulation (including flammable gases), resulting in safety issues such as explosion and combustion. The comprehensive understanding of battery gas evolution mechanism under different conditions is extremely important, which is conducive to realizing a visual cognition about the complex reaction processes between electrodes and electrolytes, and providing effective strategies to optimize battery performances. This review aims to summarize the recent progress about battery gas evolution mechanism and highlight the gas suppression strategies to improve battery safety. New approaches toward future gas evolution analysis and suppression are also proposed. It is anticipated that this review will inspire further developments of lithium batteries on performance, gas suppression, and safety, especially in high energy density systems.
Zwitterionic Dendrimersomes: A Closer Xenobiotic Mimic of Cell Membranes
Authors: Joseph Anton , Wagner Anna M. , Garay‐Sarmiento Manuela , Aleksanyan Mina , Haraszti Tamás , Söder Dominik , Georgiev Vasil N. , Dimova Rumiana , Percec Virgil , Rodriguez‐Emmenegger Cesar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBuilding functional mimics of cell membranes is an important task toward the development of synthetic cells. So far, lipid and amphiphilic block copolymers are the most widely used amphiphiles with the bilayers by the former lacking stability while membranes by the latter are typically characterized by very slow dynamics. Herein, a new type of Janus dendrimer containing a zwitterionic phosphocholine hydrophilic headgroup (JDPC) and a 3,5‐substituted dihydrobenzoate‐based hydrophobic dendron is introduced. JDPC self‐assembles in water into zwitterionic dendrimersomes (z‐DSs) that faithfully recapitulate the cell membrane in thickness, flexibility, and fluidity, while being resilient to harsh conditions and displaying faster pore closing dynamics in the event of membrane rupture. This enables the fabrication of hybrid DSs with components of natural membranes, including pore‐forming peptides, structure‐directing lipids, and glycans to create raft‐like domains or onion vesicles. Moreover, z‐DSs can be used to create active synthetic cells with life‐like features that mimic vesicle fusion and motility as well as environmental sensing. Despite their fully synthetic nature, z‐DSs are minimal cell mimics that can integrate and interact with living matter with the programmability to imitate life‐like features and beyond.
Design of Smart Aggregates: Toward Rapid Clinical Diagnosis of Hyperlipidemia in Human Blood
Authors: Sun Feiyi , Zhao Wei , Shen Hanchen , Fan Ni , Zhang Jianyu , Liu Qingqing , Xu Changhuo , Luo Jiaming , Zhao Mengying , Chen Yuyang , Lam Kristy W. K. , Yang Xueqin , Kwok Ryan T. K. , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Sun Jianwei , Zhang Hongfei , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMolecular aggregates with environmental responsive properties are desired for their wide practical applications such as bioprobes. Here, a series of smart near‐infrared (NIR) luminogens for hyperlipidemia (HLP) diagnosis is reported. The aggregates of these molecules exhibit a twisted intramolecular charge‐transfer effect in aqueous media, but aggregation‐induced emission in highly viscous media due to the restriction of the intramolecular motion. These aggregates, which can autonomously respond to different environments via switching the aggregation state without changing their chemical structures are described, as “smart aggregates”. Intriguingly, these luminogens demonstrate NIR‐II and NIR‐III luminescence with ultralarge Stokes shifts (>950 nm). Both in vitro detection and in vivo imaging of HLP can be realized in a mouse model. Linear relationships exist between the emission intensity and multiple pathological parameters in blood samples of HLP patients. Thus, the design of smart aggregate facilitates rapid and accurate detection of HLP and provides a promising attempt in aggregate science.
Achieving Low Threshold and High Optical Gain Amplified Spontaneous Emission in MAPbI3 Perovskite Films via Symmetric Waveguide Effect
Authors: Zeng Xin , Liu Zhengzheng , Du Huijun , Wang Zhujun , Li Maohan , Pi Mingyu , Tan Jianjun , Zhang Dingke , Yang Jie , Du Juan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLead halide perovskites are attractive light source candidates for new amplifiers and lasers in the growing field of short‐distance data communication. However, the presence of plenty of defects and poor stability are the major obstacle to the production and application of perovskite optoelectronic devices. Three strategies are proposed to prepare MAPbI3 perovskite films with high stability and enhanced light amplification in this study: 1) MAPbI3 films are prepared with ionic liquid methylammonium acetate (MAAc) to improve the quality of the films; 2) a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) passivation layer is used to improve the optical and thermal stability of the MAPbI3 film; 3) a symmetric waveguide (SWG) structure is designed to enhance the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) properties of the MAPbI3 film. The formed SWG exhibits increased mode confinement and reduced propagation loss, thus enabling a lower ASE threshold, a higher optical gain and improved photostability, thermal and humidity stability compared with the pristine MAPbI3 film. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy and electric field distribution calculation are utilized to elucidate the carrier dynamics and carrier‐phonon effect and the microscopic origin of the observed effects of functionalization. This study indicates the possibility of simple and effective approaches for realizing efficient ASE and lasing.
Natural Supra‐Molecular Structure Engineering for High‐Performance Potassium Batteries Separator
Authors: Wang Taohong , Liu Quanhui , Zhou Jiang , Wang Xinghui , Lu Bingan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough potassium batteries (KBs), such as potassium‐metal batteries and potassium‐ion batteries, promise low cost and high‐energy density, specialized separators are not available that can satisfy the KBs operations. In this work, a hierarchical porous cellulose (HPC) separator with high‐performance, by engineering of the natural supra‐molecular structure of cellulose, is reported. The supra‐molecular and hierarchical structure of cellulose provides the separator with high porosity, excellent mechanical properties, superior electrolyte wettability, and stable thermal performance. The incorporation of small pore size (0.64 µm) and suitable tortuosity (1.83) reveal that the separator enables uniform current distribution and inhibits the puncturing of K dendrites. Thus, a lifespan of more than 1000 h for a K//K symmetric cell is achieved without short‐circuiting. Benefiting from the high K+ transference number (0.69), graphite//K and Prussian blue (PB)//K cells with HPC separators exhibited pre‐eminent cycling stability (400 and 200 cycles, respectively) and high‐rate performance. Moreover, the PB//graphite full cell with HPC separator is shown to deliver a reversible capacity of 86 mAh g−1 with 100 cycles. This novel HPC separator provides a possibility for the sustainable development of KBs and other energy storage systems by the rational structural modification of plants.
Osteology applied to image diagnosis of the forelimb of the black‐striped capuchin (Sapajus libidinosus Spix, 1823)
Authors: de La Salles Ana Y. F. , de Andrade Jéssica K. , de Souza Joyce G. , Freitas Kelvis de B. , Carreiro Artur da N. , Veloso Edson V. L. , Rocha Ediane F. , Klem Marcius A. P. , Câmara Felipe V. , de Menezes Danilo J. A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMacroscopic bone analysis and evaluation through imaging methods are essential in the recognition of natural and altered structures. Therefore, this study aimed at describing the osteology the thoracic limb of Sapajus libidinosus in bone pieces, identifying them in radiographic and tomographic images. For this, four cadavers were used in the macroscopic analysis and five animals for the imaging exams, of which four were euthanized and added to the macroscopic stage. For imaging exams, the animals were kept anesthetized. All bones were documented, structures described, and compared with literature data from human and nonhuman primates. There was no statistical difference between males and females regarding the length of the forelimb bones. Most of the bone structures of the scapula were well identified in the imaging methods, being more restricted in the ventrodorsal projection. The clavicle presented very limited visualization. The humerus, as well as the radius and ulna, were not well portrayed in their proximal and distal epiphyses by radiography. However, they were well identified on tomography. All structures described in the macroscopic image of the carpal and metacarpal bones could be identified through radiography and tomography, and the radiographic examination of this region is an excellent method for identifying fractures. The glenoid notch of the scapula was not visualized by any imaging method. S. libidinosus presented anatomical characteristics more similar to those of neotropical primates and man, being a great indicator of an experimental model for studies in these species.