bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inositol Polyphosphate-5-Phosphatase K (Inpp5k) Enhances Sprouting of Corticospinal Tract Axons after CNS Trauma
Authors: Kauer Sierra D. , Fink Kathryn L. , Li Elizabeth H. F. , Evans Brian P. , Golan Noa , Cafferty William B. J. 
Published: February 2022

Failure of CNS neurons to mount a significant growth response after trauma contributes to chronic functional deficits after spinal cord injury. Activator and repressor screening of embryonic cortical neurons and retinal ganglion cellsin vitroand transcriptional profiling of developing CNS neurons harvestedin vivohave identified several candidates that stimulate robust axon growthin vitroandin vivo. Building on these studies, we sought to identify novel axon growth activators induced in the complex adult CNS environmentin vivo. We transcriptionally profiled intact sprouting adult corticospinal neurons (CSNs) after contralateral pyramidotomy (PyX) in nogo receptor-1 knock-out mice and found that intact CSNs were enriched in genes in the 3-phosphoinositide degradation pathway, including six 5-phosphatases. We explored whether inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase K (Inpp5k) could enhance corticospinal tract (CST) axon growth in preclinical models of acute and chronic CNS trauma. Overexpression ofInpp5kin intact adult CSNs in male and female mice enhanced the sprouting of intact CST terminals after PyX and cortical stroke and sprouting of CST axons after acute and chronic severe thoracic spinal contusion. We show thatInpp5kstimulates axon growth in part by elevating the density of active cofilin in labile growth cones, thus stimulating actin polymerization and enhancing microtubule protrusion into distal filopodia. We identifyInpp5kas a novel CST growth activator capable of driving compensatory axon growth in multiple complex CNS injury environments and underscores the veracity of usingin vivotranscriptional screening to identify the next generation of cell-autonomous factors capable of repairing the damaged CNS.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeurologic recovery is limited after spinal cord injury as CNS neurons are incapable of self-repair post-trauma.In vitroscreening strategies exploit the intrinsically high growth capacity of embryonic CNS neurons to identify novel axon growth activators. While promising candidates have been shown to stimulate axon growthin vivo, concomitant functional recovery remains incomplete. We identifiedInpp5kas a novel axon growth activator using transcriptional profiling of intact adult corticospinal tract (CST) neurons that had initiated a growth response after pyramidotomy in plasticity sensitized nogo receptor-1-null mice. Here, we show thatInpp5koverexpression can stimulate CST axon growth after pyramidotomy, stroke, and acute and chronic contusion injuries. These data supportin vivoscreening approaches to identify novel axon growth activators.
The Notion of “Worker” for the Purpose of EU Social Policy and its Interpretation by the Court of Justice of the European Union
Authors: Komendová Jana , Horecký Jan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Social policy is one of the EU policies shared by the EU and the Member States. The aims of EU rules in the field of social policy include protection of the working conditions of workers, on the one hand, and prevention of social dumping between undertakings from different Member States on the other hand. The EU primary and secondary law relating to social policy uses the term “worker.” However, contrary to the national laws of the Member States, there is no definition or explanation of this concept. National laws of Member States provide different definitions of the term “worker” or “employee” which can lead to different levels of protection for workers under the national legislations of EU Member States. For this reason, the concept of “worker” for the purpose of EU social policy may not be interpreted differently according to the law of Member States but has an autonomous meaning specific to EU law.
The Evolution of the Notion of Disability in EU and Polish Labor Law
Authors: Skóra Michał 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article analyses the notion of disability in Polish and EU labor law. In the first part of the study, the author characterizes the evolution of this notion based on the interpretation made by the Court of Justice of the European Union. The second part presents the process of development of the definition of disability in Polish law: from disability to the concept contained in the Act on Social and Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment of Persons with Disabilities, and the vocational rehabilitation and employment of disabled people.
The Impact of Pharmacists’ Interventions to Prevent Medication Errors at a Tertiary Hospital in Central Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Azrifitria Azrifitria , Fauziyah Siti , Nur Apriliana 
Published: February 2022

To promote the safety and quality of pharmaceutical services are still an issue in Indonesia. One way of doing so is to implement pharmaceutical care standards and prevent medication errors. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the intervention that conducts before and after the socialization in the standard of pharmacy service could cause a decrease in medication errors. The study was conducted by using a quasi-experimental design without a control group in outpatient pharmacy services of a tertiary hospital in central Jakarta, Indonesia. A total of 7627 prescriptions were collected prospectively by the total sampling method in April and May 2016. The observation was conducted in two stages of prescribing and dispensing. A total of 2541 medication errors identified, error rates of 16% and 33.3% were found during the prescribing and dispensing stages before socialization (April 2016), respectively. After the socialization in May 2016, the error rates of 15.2% and 20.2% were found in the prescribing and dispensing stages, respectively. However, the differences pre- and post-socialization were not significant (p>0.05). The greatest decrease in medication error was found on drug labels, which fell from 721(21%) to 458 (11%). Observations on near-miss events based on a risk matrix showed that these were dominated by a low-degree of risk. Based on these results, it could be concluded that the intervention given to pharmacists could decline medication errors. Nevertheless, further study with a greater amount of time and better pharmacist socialization is required.
Pengukuran Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak 70% dan 96% Buah Parijoto Asal Bandungan Menggunakan Metode FRAP dan Profil Kromatografinya
Authors: Luhurningtyas Fania Putri , Surya Ranu Putra Adi 
Published: February 2022

Abstrak: Buah Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa B.) mengandung senyawa aktif flavonoid yang memiliki aktivitas biologis sebagai antioksidan. Senyawa tersebut dapat diperoleh dengan mengoptimalkan kandungannya pada ekstraksi dengan konsentrasi pelarut yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak buah parijoto dengan perbedaan konsentrasi pelarut etanol. Penelitian dimulai dari tahapan ekstraksi dengan metode maserasi dengan pelarut pelarut etanol 70% dan 96%. Uji fitokimia menggunakan fase gerak n-heksana:etil asetat (8:2). Uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode FRAP ( Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) dan parameter uji berdasarkan nilai IC50. Hasil penelitian identifikasi metabolit sekunder, menunjukkan positif mengandung flavonoid (bercak biru muda) dan antosianin (bercak merah). Nilai IC50 ekstrak buah Parijoto denga pelarut etanol 70% dan 96% berturut-turut yaitu sebesar 35,46 ppm dan 40,17 ppm. Simpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah ekstrak buah parijoto dengan pelarut etanol 70% mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan lebih bagus dibandingkan ekstrak etanol 96%.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO YOGA FRENTE A ANSIEDADE E A QUALIDADE DE VIDA
Authors: Souza Shirlei Magda Da Silva , Mello Alexandre Silva de 
Published: February 2022

Estamos vivendo um momento em que o número de pessoas com ansiedade está aumentando a cada dia em todo o mundo e segundo dados da OMS, Organização Mundial de Saúde, o Brasil é neste momento o país mais ansioso da América Latina. Estudos recentes têm sugerido que a pratica do Yoga tem efeitos positivos sobre quadros de estresse, ansiedade e depressão. Yoga é uma filosofia de vida fundamentada em princípios éticos, técnicos e filosóficos, com sua origem na índia. O Yoga trabalha o corpo, respiração e mente, abrange todos os aspectos da vida: físico, mental, emocional, psicológico e espiritual. Este estudo teve o objetivo de verificar o efeito da prática de Yoga frente a ansiedade e a qualidade de vida, para isso foram utilizados dois questionários: o inventário de ansiedade de Beck, que verificou o nível de ansiedade; o questionário Whoqol-Bref, que avaliou o grau de qualidade de vida das participantes. Ambos foram aplicados em dois momentos, antes de iniciar a prática de Yoga, e ao término da atividade. E um questionário socioeconômico para caracterização da amostra. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma Empresa de Advocacia, em Sapucaia do Sul. As voluntárias realizaram práticas de Yoga duas vezes por semana durante um mês e meio, no total de 12 aulas de Yoga. Este estudo se caracterizou por uma pesquisa de estudo longitudinal, comparativo de abordagem quantitativa. A amostra foi formada por conveniência e composta por 12 voluntárias mulheres funcionáriasde uma empresa de direito, com queixa de ansiedade, sendo a maioria jovens com idade de 20 a 30 anos e uma pequena quantidade com idade de 40 a 52 anos. Nossos resultados foram positivos, após as práticas de Yoga, as participantes teve uma melhora significativa em relação a ansiedade e a qualidade de vida. O grau de ansiedade diminuiu consideravelmente demonstrando que o Yoga tem eficácia para uma vida saudável. Sendo assim, este estudo pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estratégias na diminuição da ansiedade e melhora na qualidade de vida das pessoas.
La red avispa: Una lectura periférica de la inteligencia
Authors: Niño González César Augusto , Castillo Castañeda Alberto 
Published: February 2022

La Red Avispa es una lectura periférica sobre el sistema de inteligencia cubano. Partimos del inte­rrogante que guía el presente capítulo ¿Cómo se configuró una antítesis de la inteligencia cubana sobre la estadounidense capaz de mantener el establecimiento de La Habana a principios de la década de 1990? Así, nuestra hipótesis se configura a partir de la película La Red Avispa, en la cual se puede leer la estrategia de inteligencia cubana como garante de supervivencia sobre las presiones de Washington en la Guerra Fría, para eso se valió de operaciones directas en territorio estadounidense para infiltrarse en los grupos anticastristas y neutralizar ataques sobre la Isla. Desde el realismo periférico encontramos que, la estrategia de inteligencia de Cuba fue el por las consecuencias de una asimetría extrema rele­vante. Gracias a la presión de Estados Unidos, la Isla tuvo que diseñar modelos estratégicos alternativos para no subsumirse en la geopolítica asimétrica. La Red Avispa, materializa una herramienta periférica para garantizar la pervivencia del régimen de Castro en la década de 1990.
De tal manera, desde el marco del realismo periférico, encontramos que las dimensiones globales se representan en actores que asumen un rol de la siguiente manera: 1. Los forjadores de normas, 2. Los tomadores de normas y, 3. Los rebeldes. Entonces, Cuba asume el último de estos puntos.
Comparison of Law in the System of Applying Legal Aid to the Poor in Indonesia (Before and After the Enacting of Legal Aid Law)
Authors: Heriyanto Heriyanto 
Published: February 2022

Comparative law or legal system is a scientific activity in comparing one legal system with another legal system, both the legal system between countries and the legal system in a particular country by comparing the legal system that used to apply with the legal system that is currently in force in a particular country, to find and find similarities and differences both in terms of its advantages and disadvantages in the legal system. In order to get an explanation to assess the effectiveness of the legal system. The legal aid system for the poor in Indonesia to access justice, until now, still felt not practical to provide meaningful benefits for the poor in Indonesia when facing legal problems.
Pengaruh Khauf Terhadap Perilaku Seksual Pranikah Pada Mahasiswa Yang Berpacaran Di Universitas "X"
Authors: Wulandari Sri , Imadduddin Imadduddin , Fadhila Mahdia 
Published: February 2022

Perilaku seksual adalah sikap yang didasari oleh hawa nafsu seksual dengan heteroseksual atau homoseksual. Sedangkan perialaku seksual pranikah adalah suatu perilaku yang dimotivasi oleh dorongan seksual yang dilakukan tanpa ikatan pernikahan suami istri. Setiap remaja memiliki tingkat perilaku seksual nya masing-masing yang membuat mereka bebas untuk melakukan nya tanpa rasa takut atau cemas kepada Allah SWT, ataupun merasa takut untuk melakukan perilaku tersebut. Oleh karena itu, peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian mengenai Pengaruh Khauf Terhadap Perilaku Seksual Pranikah Pada Mahasiswa Yang Berpacaran Di Universitas “X”.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Kuantitatif Asosiatif. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa pada Universitas “X” dengan sampel 98 mahasiswa, kemudian pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan teknik Purpossive Sampling. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil: 1) Hasil data khauf pada mahasiswa yang berpacaran di Universitas “X”, diketahui pada kategori tinggi sebesar 12 orang, kategori sedang 74 orang dan pada kategori rendah 12 orang. Dapat dikatakan bahwa mayoritas mahasiswa yang berpacaran di Universitas “X” memiliki khauf dikategori sedang. 2) Hasil data perilaku seksual pranikah pada mahasiswa yang berpacaran di Universitas “X”, diketahui pada kategori tinggi sebesar 13 orang, kategori sedang 74 orang dan pada kategori rendah 11 orang. Dapat dikatakan bahwa mayoritas mahasiswa yang berpacaran di Universitas “X” memiliki perilaku seksual pranikah dikategori sedang. 3) hasil uji hipotesis maka didapatkan hasil yang menyatakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara khauf terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah pada penelitian ini, sebesar 15,2%. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari analisis data dengan program software SPSS 23.0 for windows nilai signifikansi atau p value adalah 0,000. Dikatakan signifikansi apabila p < 0,05. Maka hasil yang ditemukan adalah signifikan, jadi hipotesis (Ha) bahwa Ada pengaruh khauf terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah pada mahasiswa yang berpacaran di Universitas “X” diterima, artinya variabel khauf berpengaruh terhadap variabel perilaku seksual pranikah sebesar 15,2%.
“Proses Penerimaan Diri Istri Pertama Yang dipoligami” (Studi Kasus di Desa Martadah Kabupaten Tanah Laut)
Authors: Wati Laila , Hairina Yulia , Musfichin Musfichin 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses penerimaan diri istri pertama yang dipoligami. Penelitian ini juga berusaha mengungkap faktor-faktor apa saja yang berperan penting dalam penerimaan diri istri pertama yang dipoligami yang terdapat di desa martadah kabupaten tanah laut Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek berjumlah empat orang dengan karakteristik istri yang berusia 40-50 tahun. Metode pengumpulan data yang di gunakan adalah wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa proses penerimaan diri istri pertama pada subjek didasari oleh pemahaman agamanya, di sisi lain suami memiliki kemampuan dari sisi materi dan suami mampu bersikap adil serta untuk melatih kesabaran. Terdapat beberapa Faktor -faktor baik internal maupun eksternal yang berperan penting antara lain yaitu pemahaman diri, pengharapan yang realistik, tidak adanya hambatan didalam lingkungan, sikap anggota masyarakat yang menyenangkan, tidak adanya gangguan emosional, kenangan akan keberhasilan, identifikasi dengan orang yang memiliki penyesuaian diri yang baik, adanya perspektif diri yang luas, pola asuh dimasa kecil yang baik, konsep diri yang stabil.
Exploring Communicative Gestures in Czech Persons with Diagnosed Aphasia
Authors: Janečka Martin 
Published: February 2022

In my investigation, I worked with 6 persons with diagnosed aphasia. I introduce some possible perspectives on the exploration of the extent of speech damage in persons with aphasia and the various ways in which they substitute for language deficiency with the aid of gestures.
From the viewpoint of data processing methods, on the one hand, I explore the parameters of spoken language, such as the quantity of words, and, on the other hand, the parameters of gestures, such as the quantity of gestures, diversity of gestures, etc. In aphasic persons speaking Czech, I verify the following assumption established by Jakob et al. (2011): the more speech-limited an aphasic person is, the more gestures he/she produces during the interpretation of a story.
It was found that the number of words produced by aphasic persons varies, partially dependent on the specific type of aphasia. This is particularly true on both ends of the scale – people with large speech distortion use the highest quantity of gestures, people with low speech distortion use gestures to a lesser extent. Within the classification of semantic gestures, I focus particularly on iconic and deictic gestures. In addition, I presume that symbolic gestures (i.e. emblems) do not occur in aphasic persons’ speech, because aphasic persons prefer gestures that display the plot in the most concrete way.
My data correlate with other studies dealing with this topic – aphasic persons do use gestures intentionally to substitute for their verbal deficiency. At the same time, they mostly use very concrete (iconic) gestures, which enable them to transmit a large volume of information.
Hydroxiapatite (HAp) Bioceramics Made from The Caletaiya presclupta Snail Shells from Poso Lake
Authors: Gintu Agung Rimayanto , Kristiani Elisabeth Betty Elok , Martono Yohanes 
Published: February 2022

<p>Bioceramic Hydroxyapatite (HAp) was a derivated chemical synthetic compound from calcium phosphate commonly used to care for hard tissue damage. Bioceramic Hydroxyapatite can be synthesized from the compounds rich with calcium contains. This study treated the synthesis and physicochemical Characterization of the HAp made from <em>Celetaiya persclupta</em> snail shells obtained from Poso lake. From the characterization of the sample <em>C. presclupta</em> shells obtained the water contains 0.50±0.00%; ash contains 0.9913±0.0017g/g; potassium 0.0005±0.00007g/g; calcium 0.0391±0.0059g/g; phosphate 0.0221±0.0009g/g; phosphorus 0.0111±0.0005 and the ratio of Ca/P 1.7382±0.1994%. The synthesis of HAp by base precipitation method showed the yield of synthesis 85.2891±4.2496% with the level of material reduction during synthesis 18.0442±1.1684%. The result of characterization of the HAp showed that the potassium contains 0.0002±0.00003g/g; calcium 0.0121±0.0031g/g; phosphate 0.0167±0.0013g/g; phosphorus 0.0084±0.0007g/g; ratio of Ca/P 1.3724±0.2736%; porosity 9.9929±0.7626%; swelling ability 24.8416±1.4989%; and biodegradability 10.8958±1.1781%. The overall results concluded that the <em>C. presclupta</em> snail shells could become a source of Bioceramic Hydroxyapatite (HAp).</p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p>
Optimizing of Competitive Adsorption Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange using Natural Zeolite from Ende-Flores
Authors: Ngapa Yulius Dala , Gago Jumilah 
Published: February 2022

<p>Waste from the textile industry is considered a potential source of environmental pollution, especially water, because it contains dangerous dyes. In this research, natural zeolite is an effective and efficient alternative to overcome pollution caused by methylene blue and methyl orange dyes. Activation of natural zeolite was carried out with 3 M HCl solution and was characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Simultaneously, the methylene blue and methyl orange adsorption processes were studied in variations in the weight of the adsorbent, contact time, and pH. The concentration of dyes left in the solution was observed with UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of natural zeolite in absorbing methylene blue was 21.189 mg / g and methyl orange was 18.208 mg / g. The optimum conditions of dyes adsorption are achieved with successive adsorbent weights 0.3 g and 0,4 g, following contact times 60 minutes and 90 minutes, and successive pH 6 and 2. The adsorbent weight factor, contact time, and pH affect the adsorption of dyes by natural zeolite from Ende.</p>
Is It Time to Create Training Pathways Allowing Earlier Subspecialization within the “House of Orthopaedics”?
Authors: Hart Robert A. , Daniels Alan H. , Shah Kalpit , Amendola A. Annunziato , Harner Christopher D. , Marsh L. Lawrence , Kenter Keith , Hu Serena 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
The ability to train an orthopaedic resident in all aspects of orthopaedics in 5 years has become increasingly difficult due to the growth in knowledge and techniques, work-hour restrictions, and reduced resident autonomy. It has become nearly universal for our residents to complete at least 1 subspecialty fellowship prior to entering practice. In some subspecialties, the skills necessary to practice competently have become difficult to master. Simply adding to the current length of training may not address these issues effectively and would add to the economic cost of residency training. Novel training pathways that allow residents to focus earlier and in greater depth on their intended subspecialty while maintaining general orthopaedic competencies can be created without lengthening training. It is time to initiate discussions about these possibilities.