bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Threat or Godsend? Evangelicals and Democracy in Latin America
Authors: Blanton Matthew 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
While Protestant and Evangelical groups started as small minorities in Latin America, they have recently experienced explosive growth and now make up a large proportion of the region’s religious faithful. This unexpected shift led to a spate of scholarship speculating as to how the new Evangelical communities would impact society. Given the perennial concern over the health of democracy in Latin America, much of this work focused on how Evangelicals might differ from Catholics in terms of support for democratic values and civic participation. Some predicted that Evangelicals would be eager supporters of democracy and an active, positive force in the community. Others warned that Evangelicals were too focused on spiritual matters, which would lead to apathy and a passive acceptance of authoritarianism. This paper uses recent survey data from sixteen nations in Latin America to test these theories with the goal of answering the question: are Evangelicals a threat or godsend for democracy in Latin America?
Maria in de Syrische Kerk
Authors: Ploeg O.P. J. v. d. 
Published: October 2022

Le présent article rappelle quelques traits de la dévotion mariale dans les Eglises de langue syriaque. La liturgie de la Messe mentionne assez rarement la Vierge Marie; mais à mesure quʼon sʼapproche de Constantinople, ces mentions se multiplient; cʼest la Messe maronite qui en contient le plus grand nombre. Aphraate appelle Marie „bienheureuse” et il la compare à Eve, mais pour le reste il en parle fort peu, Pour défendre la valeur de la virginité et la vie célibataire, il fait appel, non à Marie, mais aux saints de lʼAncien Testament (Moïse, Jérémie, Elie et dʼautres)! S. Ephrem est le premier grand poète en langue syriaque et ses hymnes témoignent dʼune vénération particulière pour la Vierge, dont il exalte surtout la virginité. Lʼauthenticité des hymnes en question a été mise en doute, mais les raisons sont loin dʼêtre décisives. Le caractère authentique dʼau moins le plus grand nombre dʼentre eux semble assez certain. Le parallélisme Eve-Marie est pleinement développé chez Ephrem, et il connaît déjà presque tous les symboles courants de la virginité de la mère de Dieu, que les Pères ont trouvés dans LʼAncien Testament.
Jacques de Saroug a longuement développé les thèmes marials traités par S. Ephrem. Comme les autres Pères, il défend la triple virginité de Marie: ante, in et post partum, mais il ne semble pas quʼil ait admis que Marie nʼa pas connu Jes douleurs de lʼenfantement. Bien que la bienheureuse vierge ait été délivrée de la malédiction de Gen. III 16, il semble quʼelle ait quand-même connu quelques douleurs, comme son Fils les a connues également.
De Kerk van Rome en de Oosterse Kerken
Authors: van Montfoort A.A. E. 
Published: October 2022

L’Eglise de Rome et les Eglises Orientales
L’article traite des principaux contacts qu’a eus depuis son élection S.S. Paul VI avec S.S. le Patriarche Oecuménique, Athénagoras Ier. Ensuite l’auteur donne un compte-rendu des rencontres du Saint Père avec les patriarches Benedictos, Derderian et Athénagoras et avec la hiérarchie des églises orientates unies lors du pélerinage du pape à Jérusalem. - L’article donne le texte intégral des discours prononcés.
Public Willingness to Engage With COVID-19 Contact Tracing, Quarantine, and Exposure Notification
Authors: Liccardi Ilaria , Alekseyev Jesslyn , Woltz Vilhelm L. Andersen , McLean Jody E. , Zurko Mary Ellen 
Published: October 2022

Objectives: We conducted a survey to understand how people’s willingness to share information with contact tracers, quarantine after a COVID-19 exposure, or activate and use a smartphone exposure notification (EN) application (app) differed by the person or organization making the request or recommendation. Methods: We analyzed data from a nationally representative survey with hypothetical scenarios asking participants (N = 2157) to engage in a public health action by health care providers, public health departments, employers, and others. We used Likert scales and ordered logistic regression to compare willingness to take action based on which person or organization made the request, and we summarized findings by race and ethnicity. Results: The highest levels of willingness to engage in contact tracing (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.55-1.96), quarantine (aOR = 1.91; 95% CI, 1.69-2.15), download/activate an EN app (aOR = 1.30; 95% CI, 1.16-1.46), and notify other EN users (aOR = 1.43; 95% CI, 1.27-1.60) were reported when the request came from the participant’s personal health care provider rather than from federal public health authorities. When compared with non-Hispanic White participants, non-Hispanic Black participants reported significantly higher levels of willingness to engage in contact tracing (aOR = 1.32; 95% CI, 1.18-1.48), quarantine (aOR = 1.49; 95% CI, 1.37-1.63), download/activate an EN app (aOR = 2.19; 95% CI, 2.01-2.38), and notify other EN users (aOR = 1.63; 95% CI, 1.49-1.79). Conclusions: Partnering with individuals and organizations perceived as trustworthy may help influence people expressing a lower level of willingness to engage in each activity, while those expressing a higher level of willingness to engage in each activity may benefit from targeted communications.
Intergenerational Programming Increases Solid Food Consumption for Adult Day Center Attendees
Authors: Turner Shelbie G. , Jarrott Shannon E. , Katz Benjamin 
Published: October 2022

We examined whether participation in intergenerational programming would impact daily food and liquid intake for adult day service center (ADSC) participants, many of whom are at risk for malnutrition and dehydration. Data came from 75 ADSC participants who, on average, attended the center for 472.32 days between 2007 and 2018. We analyzed daily data using multilevel modeling, nesting attending days within ADSC participants. On days when participants joined intergenerational programming, they consumed significantly more solid food ( β = 1.54, SD = .37, p < .001), but no different liquid ( β = −.16, SD = .09, p = .06), than their own average across all days they attended the ADSC. Intergenerational programming may be an effective way to support ADSCs participants’ nutrition. Future research is needed to determine the longer-term health benefits of daily increases in food consumption and to explore why intergenerational programming may differentially impact eating and drinking.
On the toxicity of gold nanoparticles: Histological, histochemical and ultrastructural alterations
Authors: Jarrar Qais , Al-Doaiss Amin , Jarrar Bashir M. , Alshehri Mohammed 
Published: October 2022

Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) are used in diagnostic and therapeutic applications together with a variety of industrial purposes and in many biomedical sectors with potential risks to human health. The present study aimed to the histological, histochemical, and ultrastructural alterations induced by Au NPS in vital organs. Healthy male Wistar Albino rats ( Rattus norvegicus) were subjected to 20 injections of 10-nm Au NPs at a daily dose of 2 mg/kg. Liver, kidney, heart, and lung biopsies from control and Au NPs-treated rats under study were subjected to histological and histochemical examinations. In comparison with the control rats, the renal tissue of Au NPs-treated rats demonstrated glomerular congestion, interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration, renal tubular hydropic degeneration, cloudy swelling, necrosis, and hyaline cast precipitation. In addition, Au NPs induced the following hepatic alterations: hepatocyte cytolysis, cytoplasmic vacuolation, hydropic degeneration, and nuclear alterations together with sinusoidal dilatation. Moreover, the hearts of the treated rats demonstrated myocarditis, cardiac congestion, hyalinosis, cardiomyocyte hydropic degeneration, myofiber disarray and cardiac congestion. The lungs of Au NPs-treated rats also exhibited the following pulmonary alterations: alectasis, emphysema, inflammatory cell inflammation, thickened alveolar walls, pulmonary interstitial edema, congestion, hypersensitivity, fibrocyte proliferation, and honeycombing. In conclusion, exposure to Au NPs induced histological, histochemical and ultrastructural alterations in the vital organs that may alter the function of these organs. Additional efforts are needed for better understanding the potential risks of Au NPs to human health.
Dementia and Related Comorbidities in the Population Aged 90 and Over in the Vitality 90+ Study, Finland: Patterns and Trends From 2001 to 2018
Authors: Halonen Pauliina , Enroth Linda , Jämsen Esa , Vargese Saritha , Jylhä Marja 
Published: October 2022

Objectives To examine trends in the prevalence of dementia and related comorbidities among the oldest old. Methods Six repeated cross-sectional surveys were conducted between 2001 and 2018, each including all inhabitants aged over 90 in Tampere, Finland ( n = 5386). Co-occurring conditions and their time trends among participants with dementia were examined using logistic regression and generalized estimating equations. Results The prevalence of dementia decreased from 47% in 2007 to 41% in 2018. Throughout the study period, depression was more common among people with dementia compared to those without. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and osteoarthritis increased and the prevalence of depression decreased among people with dementia. The mean number of comorbidities increased from 2.0 in 2001 to 2.3 in 2018. Discussion Dementia remains highly prevalent among the oldest old and it is accompanied by an increasing burden of comorbidities, posing a challenge to people with dementia, their caregivers, and care systems.
Assessment of cardiovascular risk factors in obese women with HIV
Authors: Ali Mohammed W , Ayanbisi Ismail , Adamu Simon , Saad Fadimatu K , Musa Muhammad S , Ayoola Yekeen A 
Published: October 2022

Background The risk of significant weight gain/obesity associated with recently adopted antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been shown to be particularly higher among the black race, and female gender compared to their male counterparts. Herein, we evaluated and compared subclinical CVD risk between apparently healthy obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) and age matched normal BMI (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2) women with HIV (WWH) on ART. Methods This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study of adult (≥18 years) WWH. Conventional two-dimensional echocardiography and doppler imaging parameters, lipid profile, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) measures were compared between the two groups. Multivariable regression analysis was done to determine independent variables. Result A total of 60 WWH were evaluated, 30 participants in each group. The mean age of the participants and duration on ART was 36.26 ± 5.71 and 10.23 ± 5.04 (years) respectively. Measured hsCRP, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoproteins were significantly ( p = 0.002, p = 0.044, and p = 0.016 respectively) elevated in the obese group. Obese WWH had higher left atrial diameter, left atrial volume, left atrial area, aortic diameter, left ventricular mass (LVM), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), intraventricular septum in systole/diastole, left ventricular posterior wall in diastole and systole ( p < 0.001, p = 0.018, p = 0.004, p = 0.025, p < 0.001, p = 0.019/ p < 0.001, p = 0.020, and p = 0.021 respectively). On multivariable regression analysis, the measured serum biomarker hsCRP and the echocardiographic variables LVM and LVMI were independently associated ( p = 0.02, p = 0.001 and p = 0.022 respectively) with BMI. Conclusion Obese WWH had higher biomarkers of CVDs and alterations in left ventricular structure that may increase their risk for adverse cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Developing a Diet and Physical Activity Intervention for Hispanic/Latina Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Contento Isobel , Paul Rachel , Marin-Chollom Amanda M. , Ogden Gaffney Ann , Sepulveda Jhack , Dominguez Naxielly , Gray Heewon , Haase Anne M. , Hershman Dawn L. , Koch Pamela , Greenlee Heather 
Published: October 2022

Objectives There is limited guidance on how to effectively educate cancer survivors to adopt and maintain specific diet and physical activity recommendations, especially among underserved and under-resourced populations. Here, the objective is to present the development of a behavioral and theoretically-based multi-modal diet and physical activity intervention program for Hispanic/Latina breast cancer survivors, Mi Vida Saludable (My Healthy Life). Methods The development process was based on the 6 steps of the Nutrition Education DESIGN Procedure: (1). Decide behaviors; (2). Explore determinants; (3). Select theory-based model; (4). Indicate objectives; (5). Generate plans; and (6). Nail down evaluation. The theoretical framework for the intervention is Social Cognitive Theory. Results The resulting behavioral intervention consists of 2 components. The first component is in-person group education consisting of 4 lessons over 1 month. Each 4-hour group lesson includes a hands-on cooking component, a physical activity component, and facilitator-led nutrition education and discussion, with 2 field trips to a local grocery store and farmers’ market. The second component is an e-Health program that includes weekly text messages, biweekly emailed newsletters, and ongoing website access. Conclusion The systematic DESIGN Procedure provided practical guidance for developing a behaviorally-focused, theory-based, and culturally sensitive program that addresses both dietary and physical activity behaviors for delivery both in-person education and through eHealth. The Procedure may be useful for developing other behaviorally focused and theory-based interventions.
Incidence of adverse events after loading phase of the brolucizumab therapy of neovascular AMD: Real-life evidence in the Czech Republic
Authors: Stepanov Alexandr , Studnicka Jan , Veith Miroslav , Nemec Pavel , Vyslouzilova Daniela , Koubek Michal , Nemcansky Jan 
Published: October 2022

Aim To evaluate the incidence of ocular adverse events after loading phase of the brolucizumab therapy in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in real-life clinical practice – in treatment-naive patients and in patients after switching from another anti-VEGF agent. Another aim was to evaluate treatment outcomes in patients with adverse events. Methods This is a multicentre, retrospective, observational study from 16 application centres in the Czech Republic. Patients diagnosed with nAMD were treated with brolucizumab in a fixed regimen of loading phase (3 injections administered at one-month intervals) and the mean follow-up period was 120 ± 10 days after the first injection. The incidence of adverse events and the development of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) in patients with complications were evaluated. A total of 1,098 eyes were followed up, of which 783 were treatment-naive and 315 eyes were after switching from another anti-VEGF agent. Results Adverse events were recorded in 42 eyes (3.83%), of which 30 eyes were treatment-naive (2.7%) and 12 eyes were post-switch (1.09%). The mean baseline BCVA ± SD was 56.7 ± 10.7 ETDRS chart letters in the group of patients with adverse events, 58.8 ± 10.1 letters in treatment-naive patients, and 51.4 ± 10.2 letters in patients after switch from another anti-VEGF agent. The mean baseline CRT ± SD was 432.2 ± 154.7 μm, being 435.8 ± 137.3 μm in treatment-naive patients and 424.5 ± 186.6 μm in patients after switch from another anti-VEGF agent. At the end of the follow-up, the mean BCVA ± SD was 53.4 ± 9.5 ETDRS charts letters in patients with adverse events, 55.6 ± 10 letters in treatment-naive patients, and 47.6 ± 10 letters in patients after switching from another anti-VEGF agent. The mean CRT ± SD at the end of the follow-up was 300.7 ± 115.7 μm in the total patient cohort, 285.2 ± 78.8 μm in treatment-naive patients and 334.5 ± 165.4 μm in patients after switching from another anti-VEGF agent. Conclusion We observed the development of adverse events in the form of intraocular inflammation or vasculitis with subsequent decrease in BCVA in 3.83% of cases after loading phase of the brolucizumab therapy. The decrease in BCVA was reversible in most cases after initiation of anti-inflammatory steroid treatment. From a functional and morphological point of view, we did not demonstrate any statistically significant difference between the groups of treatment-naive patients and patients after switching from another anti-VEGF agent.
Development and characterization of protective gloves using waste para aramid fibers
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Afzal Ali , Nazir Ahsan , Qadir Muhammad B , Khaliq Zubair , Ali Zulfiqar , Hassan Munib ul , Ali Usman 
Published: October 2022

Increasing levels of textile waste have become a matter of great concern for the environment and the circular economy movement. Synthetic or man-made fibers are not decomposed in landfills and also generate toxic gases if incinerated. Waste of high-performance fibers has enormous potential to be used in the development of technical products. In this study, carding waste of para-aramid fibers was blended with virgin polyester fibers to produce needle punched nonwoven felts to be used in the development of protective gloves. Nonwoven webs of different blend ratios and three different weights (GSM) (100, 150, 200 g/m2) were produced. The nonwoven webs were then quilted with knitted polyester fabric to produce gloves. Cut resistance, abrasion resistance, tear resistance and heat resistance of the felts increased with the increase in GSM (g/m2). Particularly at lower GSM, an increasing percentage of aramid fibers showed significant enhancement in cut resistance. The nonwoven felts comprising aramid/polyester blends of 75/25 and 60/40 yielded level 3 cut resistance at 100 GSM which reduced to level 2 with a further decrease in aramid fiber content. The abrasion resistance and tear resistance of the gloves were at level 3 to 4 and showed little dependence on blend ratio but were relatively higher at higher GSM. At 100 GSM, the felts exhibited heat resistance level 1 which increased to level 2 at 200 GSM. The findings of this study suggest that waste of high-performance fibers can be used as cost control and environmentally friendly strategy in the development of protective textiles.
Assessment of Anastomotic Viability With Spectroscopic Real-time Oxygen Saturation Measurement in a Porcine Study
Authors: Khosrawipour Tanja , Li Shiri , Steward Earl , Chaudhry Haris , Nguyen Danielle , Khosrawipour Veria , Jafari Mehraneh Dorna , Pigazzi Alessio 
Published: October 2022

Objective Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a severe complication following intestinal procedures. Intra.Ox™ by ViOptix Inc (Newark, CA, USA) is a novel, FDA-approved spectroscopic device which enables real-time measurement of mixed tissue oxygen saturation (StO2). Using a porcine model, this study explores the correlation between StO2 measurements and AL formation as well as investigates the applicability of Intra.Ox™ in the clinical setting. Methods Eleven female swine were divided into 3 groups to explore AL formation in different ischemic conditions. Group 1: 100% mesenteric-vascular ligation, n = 3; Group 2: 50% ligation, n = 5; Group 3: No mesenteric ligation, n = 3. StO2 at the anastomotic line was measured before and after vessel ligation and anastomosis. Measurements were taken at 6 distinct locations along afferent and efferent loops. AL was evaluated on postoperative day 5 by re-laparotomy. Results AL rate was 100%, 60% and 0% in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Post-anastomotic StO2 in group 1 (22.9 ± 18.5%) and 2 (39.2 ± 20.1%) were significantly lower than in group 3 (53.1 ± 8.3%, p<.0001). Post-anastomotic StO2 readings ≤40% indicated AL potential with 100% sensitivity,+ 80% specificity, positive predictive value of 85.7% and negative predictive value of 100%. Conclusion This study demonstrates the value of Intra.Ox™ in assessing local perfusion and indicate the association between low StO2 and AL by providing accurate, real-time, noninvasive tissue oxygenation measurements at anastomotic sites. Further studies are required to investigate the clinical application of this novel device in intestinal surgery.
Outcomes of wake-up stroke undergoing mechanical thrombectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Michael , Kobeissi Hassan , Ghozy Sherief , Kallmes David F 
Published: October 2022

Background Wake-up stroke represents a significant challenge in acute treatment and care. Thrombolysis has been extensively studied in the wake-up stroke population. However, mechanical thrombectomy in wake-up stroke exclusively has not been well studied. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the clinical and functional outcomes of patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy for wake-up stroke. Methods We performed a systematic review of the literature using publically accessible databases. Data extraction was completed using Nested Knowledge AutoLit software. Outcomes of interest included modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0–2, mortality, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), and thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) score 2b/3. Statistical analysis was performed using R software version 4.1.2. Results A total of 12 studies were included in our study with a total of 510 patients included. Patients with wake-up stroke were found to have good functional outcome (mRS 0–2) in 46.2% of patients and successful reperfusion (TICI 2b/3) was seen in 83.5% of patients. Mortality was observed in 20.4% of patients with sICH seen in 8.3%. Conclusion Mechanical thrombectomy for patients with wake-up stroke was found to have favorable rates of good functional outcomes and relatively low rates of adverse events.
Does Calcium Phosphate Cement Kyphoplasty Cause Intervertebral Disk Degeneration in Adolescents?
Authors: Tschauner Sebastian , Singer Georg , Weitzer Claus-Uwe , Castellani Christoph , Till Holger , Sorantin Erich , Wegmann Helmut 
Published: October 2022

Objective Balloon kyphoplasty with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) represents the standard procedure for the treatment of thoracic and lumbar type A compression fractures. However, an increased degeneration in adjacent intervertebral disks following PMMA kyphoplasty has been demonstrated in elderly patients. Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) appears to be superior to PMMA for the intravertebral stabilization in younger patients. It remains unkown whether CPC kyphoplasty causes degeneration of adjacent disks in adolescents. Design Seven adolescents with thoracolumbar spine fractures underwent kyphoplasty at a mean age of 14.5 years (range 10-18). At a mean follow-up of 3.7 years (range 1 to 4.8) postoperatively, 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine was performed to assess intervertebral disk degeneration by quantitative T2 relaxation maps and subjective ratings using modified Pfirrmann scores. A total of 56 intervertebral disks was analyzed. Initial computed tomography (CT) examinations served as basis to assess the severity of adjacent endplate injuries in terms of articular step-offs. Results Initial imaging detected 18 thoracolumbar vertebral body fractures of which 9 were treated with CPC kyphoplasty. Quantitative follow-up MRI revealed signs of degeneration in 10 (17.9%) of the examined 56 intervertebral disks, 7 of them adjacent to a previously fractured vertebral body. Signs of disk degeneration were significantly higher in caudal endplates with articular step-offs larger than 5 mm compared to fractured vertebral bodies without endplate step-offs. Conclusions Quantitative MRI follow-ups did not suggest CPC-related intervertebral disk degradations following thoracolumbar kyphoplasty in adolescents, but indicated disk alterations correlating to adjacent endplate fracture severity.