bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approval of Coercion in Psychiatry in Public Perception and the Role of Stigmatization
Authors: Steiger Sahar , Moeller Julian , Sowislo Julia F. , Lieb Roselind , Lang Undine E. , Huber Christian G. 
Published: January 2022

Background: Coercion is routinely used in psychiatry. Its benefits and drawbacks are controversially debated. In addition, the majority of persons with mental health problems are exposed to stigmatization and are assumed to be dangerous. Stigmatization is associated with negative consequences for individuals with mental illness such as disapproval, social rejection, exclusion, and discrimination. Being subjected to coercive measures can increase the stigmatization of the affected persons, and stigmatization might lead to higher approval for coercion.Aims of the Study: This study aims to examine the approval for coercive measures in psychiatry by the general public, and to explore its relation with person- and situation-specific factors as well as with stigmatization.Method: We conducted a representative survey of the general population (N = 2,207) in the canton of Basel-Stadt, Switzerland. Participants were asked to read a vignette depicting psychopathological symptoms of a fictitious character and indicate whether they would accept coercive measures for the person in the vignette. Desire for social distance and perceived dangerousness were assessed as measures of stigmatization.Findings: The person in the case vignette exhibiting dangerous behavior, showing symptoms of a psychotic disorder, being perceived as dangerous, and treatment being understood as helpful increased approval of coercion in general, while familiarity of the respondents with mental illness decreased approval.Conclusions: The public attitude regarding the approval of coercion in psychiatry is highly differentiated and largely follows the current legal framework and medical treatment guidelines. Higher approval occurred in situations of self-harm or harm to others and when coercive measures were thought to have a beneficial effect for the affected persons. A considerable part of the approval for coercion is predicted by stigmatization. With the increasing severity of coercive measures, the influence of person- and situation-specific factors and of familiarity with mental illness decreased and generalizing and stigmatizing attitudes became stronger predictors for the approval of more severe measures.
Evaluating the Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Variants on the COVID-19 Epidemic and Social Restoration in the United States: A Mathematical Modelling Study
Authors: Li Rui , Li Yan , Zou Zhuoru , Liu Yiming , Li Xinghui , Zhuang Guihua , Shen Mingwang , Zhang Lei 
Published: January 2022

Background: Multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants are still rampant across the United States (US). We aimed to evaluate the impact of vaccination scale-up and potential reduction in the vaccination effectiveness on the COVID-19 epidemic and social restoration in the US.Methods: We extended a published compartmental model and calibrated the model to the latest US COVID-19 data. We estimated the vaccine effectiveness against the variant and evaluated the impact of a potential reduction in vaccine effectiveness on the epidemics. We explored the epidemic trends under different levels of social restoration.Results: We estimated the overall existing vaccine effectiveness against the variant as 88.5% (95% CI: 87.4–89.5%) with the vaccination coverage of 70% by the end of August, 2021. With this vaccine effectiveness and coverage, there would be 498,972 (109,998–885,947) cumulative infections and 15,443 (3,828–27,057) deaths nationwide over the next 12 months, of which 95.0% infections and 93.3% deaths were caused by the variant. Complete social restoration at 60, 65, 70% vaccination coverage would increase cumulative infections to 1.6 (0.2–2.9) million 0.7 (0.1–1.2) million, and 511,159 (110,578–911,740), respectively. At same time it would increase cumulative deaths to 39,040 (5,509–72,570), 19,562 (3,873–35,250), 15,739 (3,841–27,638), respectively. However, if the vaccine effectiveness were reduced to 75%, 50% or 25% due to new SARS-CoV-2 variants, there would be 667,075 (130,682–1,203,468), 1.7 (0.2–3.2) million, 19.0 (5.3–32.7) million new infections and 19,249 (4,281–34,217), 42,265 (5,081–79,448), 426,860 (117,229–736,490) cumulative deaths to occur over the next 12 months. Further, social restoration at a lower vaccination coverage would lead to even greater secondary outbreaks.Conclusion: Current COVID-19 vaccines remain effective against the SARS-CoV-2 variant, and 70% vaccination coverage would be sufficient to restore social activities to a pre-pandemic level. Further reduction in vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 variants would result in a potential surge of the epidemic. Multiple measures, including public health interventions, vaccination scale-up and development of a new vaccine booster, should be integrated to counter the new challenges of new SARS-CoV-2 variants.
A Co-creation Centre for Accessible Rehabilitation Technology
Authors: Kerr Andy , Grealy Madeleine Ann , Kuschmann Anja , Rutherford Rosie , Rowe Philip 
Published: January 2022

Background: The prevalence of disabling conditions is increasing globally. Rehabilitation improves function and quality of life across many conditions, particularly when applied intensively. The limited workforce, however, cannot deliver evidence-based intensive rehabilitation. By providing individuals with the tools for self- rehabilitation, technology helps bridge the gap between evidence and practise. Few people, however, can access rehabilitation technology. Barriers such as cost, training, education, portability and poor design stand in the way of equitable access. Our group of engineers and researchers have established a centre dedicated to developing accessible technology through close, frequent engagement with users and industry.Methods: The centre employs a co-creation model, coupling engineering and science with user experience and industrial partnerships to develop accessible technology and associated processes. Due to the complexity and size of the challenge the initial focus is stroke. Recruited through a medical charity, participants, with a wide range of disabilities, use prototype and commercial technology during an 8-week rehabilitation programme with supervision from health professionals. The centre includes de-weighting systems, neurostimulation, virtual reality, treadmills, bespoke rehab games, communication apps, powered exercise equipment and gamified resistance equipment. Standard outcome measures (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) are recorded before, during, immediately after, and 3 months after the intervention and used in combination with an interview to design the initial rehabilitation programme, which is reviewed fortnightly. Qualitative methods (surveys and interviews) are used to capture personal experiences of the programme and individual technology and an advisory group of stroke survivors help interpret outcomes to feed into the technology design process. Ethical approval has been granted for a pilot cohort study with stroke survivors, which is currently underway (01/09/2021–31/12/2021) investigating acceptability and feasibility, due to report findings in 2022.Discussion: Through partnerships, research collaborations and a co-creation model a new centre dedicated to the development of accessible rehabilitation technology has been launched and currently undergoing acceptability and feasibility testing with stroke survivors. The centre, through its close engagement with users and industry, has the potential to transform the way rehabilitation technology is developed and help revolutionise the way rehabilitation is delivered.
Lysophosphatidic Acid May Be a Novel Biomarker for Early Acute Aortic Dissection
Authors: Pan Xiaogao , Zhou Yang , Yang Guifang , He Zhibiao , Zhang Hongliang , Peng Zhenyu , Peng Wen , Guo Tuo , Zeng Mengping , Ding Ning , Chai Xiangping 
Published: January 2022

Background: Misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis of acute aortic dissection (AAD) significantly increase mortality. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a biomarker related to coagulation cascade and cardiovascular-injury. The extent of LPA elevation in AAD and whether it can discriminate sudden-onset of acute chest pain are currently unclear.Methods: We measured the plasma concentration of LPA in a cohort of 174 patients with suspected AAD chest pain and 30 healthy participants. Measures to discriminate AAD from other acute-onset thoracalgia were compared and calculated.Results: LPA was significantly higher in AAD than in the AMI, PE, and the healthy (344.69 ± 59.99 vs. 286.79 ± 43.01 vs. 286.61 ± 43.32 vs. 96.08 ± 11.93, P &lt; 0.01) within 48 h of symptom onset. LPA level peaked at 12 h after symptom onset, then gradually decreased from 12 to 48 h in AAD. LPA had an AUC of 0.85 (0.80–0.90), diagnosis threshold of 298.98 mg/dl, a sensitivity of 0.81, specificity of 0.77, and the negative predictive value of 0.85. The ROC curve of LPA is better than D-dimer (P = 0.041, Delong test). The decision curve showed that LPA had excellent standardized net benefits.Conclusion: LPA showed superior overall diagnostic performance to D-dimer in early AAD diagnosis may be a potential biomarker, but additional studies are needed to determine the rapid and cost-effective diagnostic tests in the emergency department.
Botulinum Toxin A Facilitated Laparoscopic Repair of Complex Ventral Hernia
Authors: Tang Fu-Xin , Ma Ning , Huang Enmin , Ma Tao , Liu Chuang-Xiong , Chen Shuang , Zong Zhen , Zhou Tai-Cheng 
Published: January 2022

Background: Complex ventral hernia repair can be challenging despite the recent advances in surgical techniques. Here, we aimed to examine the effectiveness of preoperative combined use of botulinum toxin A (BTA) and preoperative progressive pneumoperitoneum (PPP) for surgical preparation of patients with complex ventral hernia.Methods: In this prospective, observational study, we included 22 patients with complex ventral hernia between January 2018 and May 2021. All patients were treated with BTA injections into the lateral abdominal muscles and PPP before hernia repair. The lengths of abdominal wall muscles, the volumes of the incisional hernia (VIH), the volumes of the abdominal cavity (VAC), and the VIH/VAC ratio were measured before and after BTA and PPP using abdominal CT scan. All Hernias were repaired using laparoscopic intra-peritoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) or laparoscopic-open-laparoscopic (LOL) techniques.Results: Imaging showed a significant increase in the mean lateral abdominal muscle length from 13.1 to 17.2 cm/side (p &lt; 0.01). Before and after BTA and PPP, the mean VIH was 894 cc and 1209 cc (P &lt; 0.01), and the mean VAC was 6,692 cc and 9,183 cc (P &lt; 0.01). The VAC increased by 2,491 cc (P &lt; 0.01) and was greater than the mean VIH before PPP. An average reduction of 0.9% of the VIH/VAC ratio after BTA and PPP was obtained (p &gt; 0.05). All hernias were surgically reduced with mesh, hernia recurrence occurred in only two patients.Conclusions: The preoperative combined use of PPP and BTA increased the abdominal volume, lengthened the laterally retracted abdominal muscles, and facilitated laparoscopic closure of large complex ventral hernia.
Hydrodynamic Modelling of Wave Overtopping over a Block-Covered Flood Defence
Authors: Barendse Luuk , van Bergeijk Vera M. , Chen Weiqiu , Warmink Jord J. , Mughal Aroen , Hill Dorian , Hulscher Suzanne J. M. H. 
Published: January 2022

Wave overtopping can cause erosion on the landward slope due to high flow velocities and turbulence that cause high stresses on the cover. Innovative block revetments such as Grassblocks protect the subsoil of the dike against erosion. The blocks are permeable, which reduces the flow velocity and the pressures along the landward slope. The performance of these blocks is assessed in physical tests, which provides insights into the stability of the blocks. However, such experiments are expensive and accurate measurements are difficult due to highly turbulent conditions. Therefore, the goal of this study is to determine the hydrodynamic conditions at the dike cover caused by the wave run-up on the seaward slope and by the overtopping flow over the crest and landward slope. The geometry and wave conditions from the physical test at the Deltares Delta flume are implemented in an OpenFOAM® numerical model. Using the porousWaveFoam solver, a porous layer on the crest and landward slope is implemented, where the flow resistance of this porous layer largely depends on the resistance coefficients α [-] and β [-]. The numerical model is calibrated based on resistance coefficients as introduced earlier in the literature, which showed that the resistance coefficients of α=500 and β=2.0 performed best for the peak flow velocities and the peak pressures. The numerical model is evaluated by using these resistance coefficients in other time series of the physical tests. The evaluated model is then used to determine the hydrodynamic conditions on the landward slope, which showed that the pressure was the most influential hydrodynamic condition at the time of failure. Finally, the model showed that a porosity of n=0.6 and the porous layer thickness η=36 mm reduced the peak pressure the most.
Effects of Soil Quality on the Microbial Community Structure of Poorly Evolved Mediterranean Soils
Authors: Camacho Antonio , Mora César , Picazo Antonio , Rochera Carlos , Camacho-Santamans Alba , Morant Daniel , Roca-Pérez Luis , Ramos-Miras José Joaquín , Rodríguez-Martín José A. , Boluda Rafael 
Published: January 2022

Physical and chemical alterations may affect the microbiota of soils as much as the specific presence of toxic pollutants. The relationship between the microbial diversity patterns and the soil quality in a Mediterranean context is studied here to test the hypothesis that soil microbiota is strongly affected by the level of anthropogenic soil alteration. Our aim has been to determine the potential effect of organic matter loss and associated changes in soil microbiota of poorly evolved Mediterranean soils (Leptosols and Regosols) suffering anthropogenic stress (i.e., cropping and deforestation). The studied soils correspond to nine different sites which differed in some features, such as the parent material, vegetation cover, or soil use and types. A methodological approach has been used that combines the classical physical and chemical study of soils with molecular characterization of the microbial assemblages using specific primers for Bacteria, Archaea and ectomycorrhizal Fungi. In agreement with previous studies within the region, physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soils varied notably depending on these factors. Microbial biomass, soil organic matter, and moisture, decreased in soils as deforestation increased, even in those partially degraded to substitution shrubland. Major differences were observed in the microbial community structure between the mollic and rendzic Leptosols found in forest soils, and the skeletic and dolomitic Leptosols in substitute shrublands, as well as with the skeletic and dolomitic Leptosols and calcaric Regosols in dry croplands. Forest soils displayed a higher microbial richness (OTU’s number) and biomass, as well as more stable and connected ecological networks. Here, we point out how human activities such as agriculture and other effects of deforestation led to changes in soil properties, thus affecting its quality driving changes in their microbial diversity and biomass patterns. Our findings demonstrate the potential risk that the replacement of forest areas may have in the conservation of the soil’s microbiota pool, both active and passive, which are basic for the maintenance of biogeochemical processes.
Hijrah Kaderisasi Aktivis Peneleh : Tandhim Sebagai Inovasi
Authors: Jaya Hendra , Setyaningrum Nensy 
Published: January 2022

Abstrak
Penelitian ini mencoba untuk mengupas inovasi dan pola kaderisasi Aktivis Peneleh. Sekaligus menjadi tawaran hijrah kaderisasi berbasis nilai religiositas dan kebangsaan serta gerak aksi berbasis perlawanan (tandhim) bagi banyak organisasi. Data hasil penelitian dari berbagai sumber dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menujukan keberhasilan kaderisasi Peneleh walau ditengah pandemi sekalipun. Hal tersebut didorong oleh banyak faktor, yang nantinya akan dipaparkan dalam artikel ini, terutama keseriusan dalam dakwah dan hijrah kaderisasi.
Partisipasi Publik Dalam Transparansi Penanganan Tindak Pidana Korupsi oleh KPK Melalui Pemanfaatan Media Elektronik
Authors: Rohman M. Saiful 
Published: January 2022

Abstrak
Memperjuangkan pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi tidak hanya menjadi kewajiban bagi lembaga penegak hukum tetapi juga seluruh masyarakat. Sebagai salah satu lembaga yang menangani tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi mempunyai tugas dan wewenang dalam penyidikan, penyelidikan dan penuntutan. Namun dalam hal kinerja KPK, masyarakat kurang mendapatkan informasi yang cukup. Sehingga publik kurang mengetahui akan sampai mana kasus tersebut berjalan. Dari sini dapat kita lihat bahwasanya publik belum bisa sepenuhnya mengawal KPK. Semestinya setiap langkah KPK dalam menangani kasus harus diinformasikan pada masyarakat luas. Hal itu untuk mengetahui perkembangan tersangka setelah menjadi terdakwa dan divonis apakah ia mengajukan banding atau bahkan ditingkat kasasi hingga ingkrahnya suatu kasus. Untuk itu KPK perlu memberikan informasi agar publik dapat mengawal kasus yang ditanganinya yaitu dengan memanfaatkan media elektronik sebagai sarana KPK untuk meyampaikan informasi pada publik.
Compensation and Work Discipline on Teachers’ Performance: A Multifactorial Design
Authors: Sihabudin Sihabudin 
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to measure the links between compensation and work disciplines towards the teachers’ performance. Underlying the concept of Human Resources Management (HRM) education, this study investigates the effect of the two aforementioned variables on the teacher’s pedagogical approach, classroom activities, and teaching strategies using technology. This research was conducted using a quantitative approach, specifically a multifactorial design. The sample of this current study was 53 people. The data was gathered through test and questionnaires. The data analysis used was a descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that simultaneously the compensation and work discipline variables had a positive and significant effect on the teachers’ performance, and partially compensation and work discipline had a positive and significant effect on the teachers’ performance. The multiple linear regression equation is Y = 20.789 + 0.299X1 + 0.271X2. Meanwhile, the results of the descriptive analysis show that the variables of compensation, work discipline, and teachers’ performance are in a good criteria.
Parenting Culture of Low-Income Families in Implications for the Subjective Well-being of Early Childhood Students
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Putri Azlin Atika , Reswita Reswita 
Published: January 2022

Poverty has a negative impact on parenting patterns that can reduce the subjective well-being) of childhood. This study aims to reveal the parenting skill of low-income families to improve the subjective well-being of childhood. This type of descriptive research with 119 parents in Pekanbaru comes from low-income families who live in Pekanbaru. Results of the study revealed parenting skills respondents (41%) require information about good parenting to develop the potential of children for the child's positive development, the child's goodness, and independence. While 22% want their children to be successful and have a better future, they do not use the correct method, and 18% of respondents want their children to be more normative, more obedient, have good habits, and be accepted by society. About 14% of respondents want their children to achieve better academic performance, and 5% want their children to be happy and happy later. The conclusion is Parenting skills of low-income families in improving subjective well-being of early childhood is not optimal.
Edukasi Taat Protokol Kesehatan 5M, Vaksinasi, serta Menjaga Kebersihan Lingkungan di Jemaat Gereja Protestan Maluku (GPM) Nehemia, Ambon
Authors: Astria Dela Arabaling  , Chiranti Dailangi  , Yustin Matayane  , Shyeren E. Tipruata  , Emalda Latumeten  , Nanuru Ricardo Freedom 
Published: January 2022

Pandemi COVID-19 telah mewabah di dunia bahkan di Maluku terlebih khusus Jemaat GPM Nehemia sekitar satu tahun lebih. Pandemi ini berdampak besar bagi berbagai aspek kehidupan warga jemaat. Namun banyak upaya yang sudah dilakukan oleh pemerintah, tenaga kesehatan maupun gereja dalam memutus mata rantai penyebaran COVID-19. Upaya yang dilakukan seperti peraturan untuk mematuhi Prokes 5M. Pada survey lapangan di sektor Gihon, Karmel, Maranatha, dan Irene ditemui bahwa masih kurangnya kesadaran warga jemaat untuk mematuhi Prokes 5M. Ada upaya yang juga dilakukan adalah melakukan sosialisasi tentang vaksinasi. Pada survey awal, melalui pendataan dan pembagian kuesioner di sektor Gihon dan Maranatha Jemaat GPM Nehemia, ditemukan bahwa masih minimnya pemahaman warga tentang manfaat dari vaksin. Hal tersebut dapat kita lihat dari hasil pendataan yang mengasilkan beberapa persoalan yang membuat warga jemaat masih takut untuk divaksin, di antaranya yatu: 1). Warga jemaat mempunyai penyakit bawaan, 2). Menganggap bahwa COVID-19 bukanlah masalah yang sulit sehingga merasa tidak membutuhkan vaksin, 3) Tidak yakin akan efektivitas vaksin COVID-19, 4). masih takut akan efek samping dari vaksin. 5). warga jemaat yang percaya akan isu tentang vaksin yang mengandung chip. Berdasarkan masalah yang ada, maka edukasi yang diimplementasikan dalam sektor Gihon dan Maranatha: 1). Melakukan sosialisasi vaksin melalui media zoom dan pengeras suara gereja, 2). Himbauan mengikuti vaksinasi melalui pengeras suara gereja, 3). Melakukan sosialisasi lewat media luar ruangan tentang taat protokol kesehatan 5M. Seperti pemasangan spanduk taat protokol kesehatan 5M. Selain itu menghimbau jemaat lewat spanduk serta melakukan kerja bakti di lingkungan jemaat sebagai kegiatan yang produktif sekaligus meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan hidup yang bersih.
Effectiveness of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) on the Student’s Academic Achievement at University Level
Authors: Ume Rubab  
Published: January 2022

The focus of this research is to explore the impact of ICT on students’ academic achievement.In this research study two university, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan (PMAS_AAUR) and Fatima Jinnah Women University Pakistan (FJWU) were selected Students from both male and female gender selected with multistage random sampling techniques. There 100 sample sizes of students and 30 sample of teacher were selected. A questionnaire was used as tool of research. This instrument was validated by the panel of experts. Internal consistency coefficient (using Cronbach Alpha) was used to check the reliability and its value was 0.951. The researcher herself collected the data conducting a survey technique. The researcher herself collected the completed questionnaires. After the interview the collected data of information were coded and analyzed with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The paired t-test, frequency and percentage were applied for comparison of the study.