bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are There Bidirectional Influences Between Screen Time Exposure and Social Behavioral Traits in Young Children?
Authors: Aishworiya Ramkumar , Magiati Iliana , Phua Desiree , Daniel Lourdes M. , Shek Lynette P. , Chong Yap Seng , Gluckman Peter D. , Meaney Michael J. , Law Evelyn C. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Screen time in early childhood has been associated with children's prosocial and behavioral skills; however, the directionality of this relationship is unclear. We aimed to determine the direction of the relationship between screen time, social skills, and nonsocial behavioral traits in young children.

Methods:
This was a population-based, prospective cohort study with data across 5 time points. We examined the reciprocal relationships between caregiver-reported children's screen time at 12, 18, 24, 36, and 54 months and social behaviors collected using the Infant-Toddler Social-Emotional Assessment at 12 months; the Quantitative Checklist for Autism at 18, 24, and 36 months; and the Social Responsiveness Scale at 54 months. Cross-lagged path models were used for analysis.

Results:
A multiple imputation data set and complete data from 229 participants were included in the analyses. Screen time at 12, 18, and 36 months predicted nonsocial behavioral traits at 54 months. Cross-lagged path models showed a clear direction from increased screen time at earlier time points to both poorer social skills and atypical behaviors at later time points (Akaike information criterion 18936.55, Bayesian information criterion 19210.73, root mean square error of approximation 0.037, and comparative fit index 0.943). Social skills or behavioral traits at a younger age did not predict later screen time at any of the time points.

Conclusion:
Screen time in early childhood has lagged influences on social skills and nonsocial behaviors; the reverse relationship is not found. Close monitoring of social behaviors may be warranted in the setting of excessive screen time during early childhood.
Associations Between Lid Wiper Microvascular Responses, Lens Fit, and Comfort After One Day of Contact Lens Adaptation by Neophytes
Authors: Jiang Hong , Fang Min , Franklin Ross , Simms Ava-Gaye , Fadli Zohra , Wang Jianhua 
Published: May 2022

Purpose:
To determine associations between lid wiper microvascular responses, lens fit, and comfort after 1 day of contact lens adaptation by neophytes.

Methods:
Functional slitlamp biomicroscopy was used to image the microvascular network of the upper tarsal conjunctiva, lid wiper, and bulbar conjunctiva. Fractal dimension was obtained to represent vessel density. Ultra-high-resolution optical coherence tomography was used to image the lens edge and fitting characteristics, including lens movement and lens-induced conjunctival indentation. Ocular comfort was rated using a 50-point visual analogue scale (VAS). Forty-nine healthy subjects without a history of contact lens wear were recruited. A contact lens was then fitted in the right eye. Imaging was taken at baseline and 6 hr after lens wear.

Results:
The changes of VAS comfort score were negatively related to the changes of the vessel density in the lid-wiper (R2=0.18, P=0.002) and bulbar conjunctiva (R2=0.13, P=0.009). However, the changes of VAS were positively related to the changes in vessel density of the tarsal conjunctiva (R2=0.11, P=0.02). The changes of ocular microvasculature were not related to the objective metrics of the lens-fitting characteristics (P>0.05). Similarly, the changes in the VAS comfort score were not related to the objective metrics of the lens-fitting characteristics (P>0.05).

Conclusion:
Contact lens discomfort seemed to relate to lid wiper microvascular responses rather than fitting characteristics after 1 day of contact lens adaptation by neophytes.
Efficacy of the Image-Guided Alignment System for a Four-Haptic Hydrophobic Monofocal Toric Intraocular Lens
Authors: Shin Da Eun , Lee Jeong Min , Kim Tae-im , Seo Kyoung Yul , Koh Kyungmin 
Published: May 2022

Objective:
To compare the difference in performance between the image-guided alignment system and the manual-marking method in the four-haptic hydrophobic monofocal toric intraocular lens (IOL).

Methods:
Medical records of patients who underwent cataract surgery with a four-haptic hydrophobic monofocal toric IOL implantation between May 2020 and April 2021 and with 3-month visit data available were investigated. Toric IOL misalignment, residual astigmatism, and mean prediction errors between the two groups were compared.

Results:
This study included 49 eyes of 44 patients (women: 68%; mean age: 67.2±7.0 [range: 47–82] years). Twenty-nine eyes of 26 patients were treated with toric IOL implantation using the image-guided system and 20 eyes of 18 patients were treated using the manual-marking method. No statistical differences were observed regarding the baseline characteristics of the two groups. Three months after the surgery, the misalignment of the toric IOL was significantly lower in the image-guided group (2.18°±0.65°, range: 1.26°–3.95°) than in the manual; marking group (4.72°±0.74°, range: 3.44°–6.21°; P<0.001).

Conclusion:
In comparison to the manual-marking method, the image-guided system reduced the misalignment of a four-haptic hydrophobic monofocal toric IOL.
Nonurgent Emergency Department Use by Pediatric Patients in the United States
Authors: Pianucci Lauren , Longacre Margaret L. 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesPediatric use of the emergency department (ED) for nonurgent reasons is common in the United States. Patients with nonurgent conditions can receive more appropriate, cost-efficient care in other settings. We conducted a systematic literature review to understand the breadth of factors that contribute to use of the ED for nonurgent conditions by pediatric patients in the United States.MethodsThe literature search was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and was guided by the social-ecological model for synthesis of articles. Published articles were identified through a search of Academic Search Ultimate, Google Scholar, and PubMed. All articles were organized and managed using Endnote software and screened for eligibility criteria before full-text review.ResultsThe initial search yielded 679 articles with 530 articles remaining after the removal of duplicates. Of these, 31 articles were reviewed in full text with 19 remaining for the final analysis. All articles assessed individual-level factors, including parental perceptions of ED and health literacy. Additional findings of nonurgent use of the ED were shown to pertain to the organizational and public policy levels of the model, including primary care clinic and insurance characteristics.ConclusionsThe findings of this review suggest tailored interventions to address parents'/caregivers' ED perceptions and health literacy in addition to access (ie, public policy).
Inferences on location parameters based on independent multivariate skew normal distributions
Authors: Ma Ziwei , Wang Tonghui , Wei Zheng , Zhu Xiaonan 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to extend the classical noncentral F-distribution under normal settings to noncentral closed skew F-distribution for dealing with independent samples from multivariate skew normal (SN) distributions.Design/methodology/approachBased on generalized Hotelling's T2 statistics, confidence regions are constructed for the difference between location parameters in two independent multivariate SN distributions. Simulation studies show that the confidence regions based on the closed SN model outperform the classical multivariate normal model if the vectors of skewness parameters are not zero. A real data analysis is given for illustrating the effectiveness of our proposed methods.FindingsThis study’s approach is the first one in literature for the inferences in difference of location parameters under multivariate SN settings. Real data analysis shows the preference of this new approach than the classical method.Research limitations/implicationsFor the real data applications, the authors need to remove outliers first before applying this approach.Practical implicationsThis study’s approach may apply many multivariate skewed data using SN fittings instead of classical normal fittings.Originality/valueThis paper is the research paper and the authors’ new approach has many applications for analyzing the multivariate skewed data.
An exploration of off-campus private student housing in Praygaraj, India
Authors: Tiwari Alok 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
By using exploratory mixed methods, this study aims to present the investigation of the existing situation of private off-campus student accommodation at the University of Allahabad (UoA) in Prayagraj city.

Design/methodology/approach
This study explored the geographical variability of student’s private rental housing in Prayagraj city of India through 721 responses from an online semi-structured questionnaire, together with 12 interviews. Moran’s I and LISA were used to determine spatial clustering of rents paid by male and female students.

Findings
Results of this study reveal prevalence of unregulated with poor quality of off-campus housing in general and expensive rents in the proximity of UoA.

Research limitations/implications
Obtaining less responses from the female students was one of the important limitations.

Practical implications
A win-win strategy might be formulated with a mix of innovative solutions inclusive of public private partnerships and social economy solutions woven with need-based rental housing, rekindled as the affordable rental housing complexes after COVID-19 pandemic.

Social implications
This study is highly beneficial to improve liveability in the student housing segment.

Originality/value
This paper develops extensive understanding on the potential student housing segment in the Indian cities. Additionally, this paper demonstrates weak coordination between the central government policies, educational administrators and municipal officials.
Optimal design of artificial bee colony based UAV routing (ABCUR) algorithm for healthcare applications
Authors: Vijitha Ananthi J. , Subha Hency Jose P. 
Published: May 2022

PurposeTo avoid this situation, the authors proposed an optimal artificial bee colony algorithm-based Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) routing algorithm for efficient data communication between doctors and patients. This proposed method worked in three stages.Design/methodology/approachIn recent decades, wireless body area networks have played an important role in health care applications. It facilitates the transmission of the patients' health data analysis report to the appropriate doctors.FindingsIn the first phase, biological sensors are connected to the human body via a controller node and collected data is transmitted via Bluetooth to the Personal Device Assistant (PDA). In the second phase, collected data will be transmitted via the Internet of things using an artificial bee colony algorithm. The second aids in determining the best route. In the third phase, unmanned aerial vehicles will use the best path to send collected data to doctors, caregivers, ambulances and cloud storage servers.Originality/valueThe simulation results show that the network's performance is superior when compared to existing approaches. The proposed algorithm achieves a high throughput, a lower delay, a higher link rate and a higher delivery rate.
Self-neglect: a review of opportunities and barriers to federal policy and research priorities
Authors: Howard Jennifer N. , Voltmer Helena , Ferrell Abigail , Croteau-Johnson Nikki , Lepore Michael 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Self-neglect is a public health concern that can manifest as failure to provide oneself adequate food, water, clothing, shelter, personal hygiene, medication or safety precautions. This paper sought to inform federal policy and research priorities regarding effective strategies to detect, prevent and address self-neglect. This study aims to inform federal policy and research priorities regarding effective strategies to detect, prevent, and address self-neglect.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted a rapid review of self-neglect literature and interviews with five national subject matter experts to inform federal policy and research priorities.

Findings
This study identified gaps in the literature and several approaches and numerous challenges to preventing, identifying and addressing self-neglect. The lack of a nationally accepted definition of self-neglect, a dearth of longitudinal studies which has limited research on self-neglect etiology and trends, and limited development and validation of screening tools, are among the challenges.

Research limitations/implications
Findings indicate that comparisons of self-neglect definitions, and longitudinal studies of self-neglect by subpopulations, are needed areas of future research. Issues for policy consideration include national self-neglect data collection and reporting requirements.

Originality/value
This study synthesizes recent literature on self-neglect, highlights gaps in the literature on self-neglect and points toward federal policy priorities for advancing effective strategies to detect, prevent and address self-neglect.
Students' perception of private supplementary tutoring during medical undergraduate study in some Egyptian universities
Authors: Issa Sahar , Abd El Aaty Heba , Gaber Yasmin Mohammed , Zaghloul Nancy M. 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe current work aimed to investigate the private tutoring phenomenon among Egyptian medical faculty students.Design/methodology/approachThe present work is a cross-sectional observational study using an online, anonymous questionnaire disseminated to Egyptian medical students and instructors via social platforms and university e-mails. All subjects involved in the survey gave informed consent to begin the questionnaire. No financial incentives were awarded to finish the questionnaire.FindingsIn total, 79.2% of the surveyed students (n = 198) admitted taking private medical courses during their medical study courses till the date of the survey. The Egyptian students, 68.4% (n = 171), markedly surpassed the non-Egyptian participants (n = 79, 31.6%). Males were nearly double the female participants (n = 162 and 88 consecutively).The highest academic-level-seeking private medical tutoring was the fifth-year students (n = 66, 26.4%).Research limitations/implicationsA large sample size is needed to strengthen the statistical power and permit the generalization over the population, so more research work in this aspect is recommended. Also, subject-specific data in private medical tutoring need to be investigated in future works. Similar global work is recommended to allow better comparison of data worldwide.Originality/valueWhen conceptualizing medical education processes and developing its regulations, the dynamics of private medical instruction should be taken into account, especially concerning socioeconomic inequities and efficiency in medical school systems. This work has been the first to investigate the private tutoring phenomenon among Egyptian medical students to the authors' best knowledge.
Muslim consumers’ brand-switching behavior in Lahore and Kuala Lumpur: a qualitative comparative case study
Authors: Saeed Munazza , Waheed Zarina , Baig Aysha Karamat , Azmi Ilhaamie Abdul Ghani 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this qualitative comparative study was to explore the brand-switching behavior of Muslim consumers in selected cities from Pakistan and Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through interviews which were conducted with 30 participants including universities (5), shopping malls (5) and restaurant locations (5) of each country. The constant comparative analysis was used to analyze the data.FindingsResults revealed that a demonstration of awareness of American brands, their image and perceived quality causes Muslim consumers to switch away from American brands to non-American brands. In addition, this study also showed that the certain reasons compel consumers to stay with American brands.Practical implicationsThe findings are helpful for American brands in reconsidering their strategies while segmenting the Muslim consumers as target market.Originality/valueThis is the first paper of its kind to explore Muslim consumer brand-switching behavior by using a qualitative method.
Decomposition of effects for the structural model consisting of two mediating latent variables: an example of entrepreneurial intention
Authors: Yilmaz Veysel 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
In this study, the mediating effects of perceived behavior control and attitudes toward being an entrepreneur were investigated in the relationship between family business experience and entrepreneurial intentions of university students. First, the variables of perceived behavioral control and attitude toward being an entrepreneur were defined as the mediators used in explaining the entrepreneurial intention. Then, the process of investigating the mediation effects with the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach in two cases with one and two mediating latent variables is explained.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the process of investigating the mediation effects in two situations where there is one and two mediating latent variables by SEM is presented. In addition, the decomposition of the effects for the model consisting of two mediating latent variables is given in detail with matrix notation.

Findings
It has been determined that the latent variable of perceived behavior control functions as a “full mediator” in the relationship between the family ownership story and the entrepreneurial intention. The study also revealed that students whose family's business ownership score is high and who are self-confident in the process of becoming an entrepreneur have stronger entrepreneurial intentions.

Originality/value
In the research, the distinction between the model used in determining the entrepreneurial intentions of university students and their mediation and indirect effects is explained in detail with matrix notations with the SEM approach.
Users’ perspective on the usefulness of international financial reporting standards for small and medium-sized enterprises-based financial reports
Authors: Perera Dinuja , Chand Parmod , Mala Rajni 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) has justified the simplification of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in several ways, but no effective justification for this simplification has been made based on the information needs of users. This study aims to provide empirical evidence of the decision usefulness of IFRS for SMEs from a prominent user group of SME financial statements – the banks.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a mixed-method approach. First, a survey was conducted on commercial bank lending officers to assess the usefulness of different disclosure items included in the SME financial statements. Second, semi-structured interviews were conducted with commercial bank lending officers to gain an in-depth insight into the appropriateness and economic consequences of the requirements of IFRS for SMEs on their lending decisions.FindingsThe findings show that commercial bank lending officers did not consider all the disclosure requirements presented to them to be equally important. Hence, to facilitate the actual needs of the users’ decision usefulness, it is imperative that when given the opportunity, users participate in the development of accounting standards.Originality/valueThe findings of this study will be of interest to accounting regulators for evaluating the successful implementation of IFRS for SMEs and planning the next review of IFRS for SMEs. The IASB and SME Implementation Group are presently considering ways to increase user involvement for the next review of IFRS for SMEs, and the findings of this study signify the need for user involvement in the standard setting process.
Dietary diversity concordance among mother-to-child pairs and its associated factors in Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Molla Wondwosen , Aragaw Dirshaye , Hussen Robel , Wudneh Aregahegn , Madoro Derebe , Mengistu Nebiyu , Tilahun Ruth , Shumye Seid , Sisay Daniel , Endashaw Habtamu , Muche Temesgen 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Achieving optimal nutrition among mothers and children is still a challenge in many developing country settings, including Ethiopia. Study on dietary diversity concordance of mother-to-child dyads is limited. Hence, this study aims to assess dietary diversity concordance among mother-to-child pairs and its associated factors in Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia.

Design/methodology/approach
A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Gedeo zone, South Ethiopia, from January 1 to February 15, 2019. A multistage sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data was collected by using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Data entry and analysis were done by Epi data version 3.1 and SPSS version 23.0 software, respectively. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used. Variables with p < 0.25 at bivariate analysis were chosen for multivariate analysis. Variables with a p-value of <0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Findings
A total of 665 mother and child dyads participated, with a response rate of 98.6%. High concordance of dietary diversity among mother-to-child pairs was 9%. Age of the mother (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.21; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.05–0.84), age of the child between 6 and 11 months (AOR = 5.2; 95% CI: 2.3–11.6), being female (AOR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.0–3.4), previous history of infection (AOR = 4.4; 95% CI: 1.8–11.5), source of food from the market (AOR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.12–0.81) and rich wealth index (AOR = 5.7; 95% CI: 2.5–12.9) were the significant factors of high concordance of dietary diversity.

Originality/value
The prevalence of high-concordant dietary diversity among mother and children dyads was very low. Therefore, ensuring multisectoral nutrition interventions that focus on both mothers and children should be considered to improve the good dietary diversity practice.
The influence of laser power and scanning speed on the microstructure and surface morphology of Cu2O parts in SLM
Authors: Ullah Abid , Ur Rehman Asif , Salamci Metin Uymaz , Pıtır Fatih , Liu Tingting 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to reduce part defects and improve ceramic additive manufacturing (AM). Selective laser melting (SLM) experiments were carried out to explore the effect of laser power and scanning speed on the microstructure, melting behaviour and surface roughness of cuprous oxide (Cu2O) ceramic.Design/methodology/approachThe experiments were designed based on varying laser power and scanning speed. The laser power was changed between 50 W and 140 W, and the scanning speed was changed between 170 mm/s and 210 mm/s. Other parameters, such as scanning strategy, layer thickness and hatch spacing, remain constant.FindingsLaser power and scan speed are the two important laser parameters of great significance in the SLM technique that directly affect the molten state of ceramic powders. The findings reveal that Cu2O part defects are widely controlled by gradually increasing the laser power to 110 W and reducing the scanning speed to 170 mm/s. Furthermore, excessive laser power (>120 W) caused surface roughness, cavities and porous microstructure due to the extremely high energy input of the laser beam.Originality/valueThe SLM technique was used to produce Cu2O ceramic specimens. SLM of oxide ceramic became feasible using a slurry-based approach. The causes of several part defects such as spattering effect, crack initiation and propagation, the formation of porous microstructure, surface roughness and asymmetrical grain growth during the SLM of cuprous oxide (Cu2O) are thoroughly investigated.