bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Doppelgänger Phenomenon and Death: A Peculiar Case of Homicide by a Subject with First-Episode Psychosis
Authors: Barbieri Cristiano , Rocca Gabriele , Bosco Caterina , Tattoli Lucia , Grattagliano Ignazio , Di Vella Giancarlo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Doppelgänger phenomenon refers to the experience of a direct encounter with one’s self, characteriswed by: (i) the perception of a figure with one’s own identical physical features; or (ii) the apprehension that the perceived figure shares the same personality and identity. The Doppelgänger does not only look like the same person, it is his/her double. The perceptual element is usually a hallucination, although occasionally a false perception of an actual figure may be involved. This phenomenon has been described in individuals suffering from overwhelming fear, severe anxiety or intoxication, epilepsy, as well as in the sleep-wakefulness transition. It has also been reported in major psychoses. The fear of imminent death often precedes the Doppelgänger experience. This report presents the case of a 30-year-old man, Mr. Y, who was stabbed to death by Mr. X, his “double”. The aggressor and his victim, although not related, were truly doubles; remarkably, they shared the same name and surname, age, professional activity and place of work. Moreover, they attended the same sports center but barely knew each other. The forensic psychiatric evaluations in Mr. X, subsequent to the crime committed, were suggestive of a psychotic condition. This case is unique in the scientific literature. In the most serious psychotic forms, the issue of the “double” calls into question not only the dissociative processes involved in the etiopathogenesis of the disorder, but also bio-psycho-social elements, as well as personal data in this case, which made the victim and the aggressor “identical”. In the context of psychopathological functioning, the delusional mood (Wahnstimmung) that precedes the development of delirium is a sort of gateway to an impending psychotic illness, involving delusional awareness or mood (atmosphere). In psychosis, splitting is the main issue and this influence is seen as an evil, foreign, apocalyptic and unknown side no longer recognised as belonging to the self even in a physical sense. In such a situation, it is felt that the only way to survive is by suppressing one’s double as a defense against disorganisation of the self. Key PointsPeople suffering from Delusional Misidentification Syndromes constitute a sub-category of psychiatric patients who may become verbally threatening and violent towards others.“Autoscopy” is a term used for the hallucination of “seeing one’s own body at a distance” which can occur as a symptom of major psychoses such as in schizophrenia, but also in migraine and epilepsy.Understanding the role of the “Doppelgänger phenomenon” in the progression to severely violent acts may help to elucidate factors with a potential significance in the causation of dangerous behaviours.
Final report on the CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014 Luminous Intensity
Authors: Gaertner Arnold A , Côté Éric , Campos Joaquin , Obein Gaël , Blattner Peter , Schafer Reto , Hui Liu , Xiaomei Jiang , Miller Cameron , Zong Yuqin , Atkinson Errol , Thorvaldson Erik , Kinoshita Kenichi , Sieberhagen Rheinhardt , Rabe Irma , Goodman Teresa , Scott Barry , Sperling Armin , Lindner Detlef , Khlevnoy Boris , Ivashin Evgeniy 
Published: June 2022

Main text
The metrological equivalence of national measurement standards in the field of photometry and radiometry is determined by a set of key comparisons chosen and organised by the Consultative Committee of Photometry and Radiometry (CCPR) of the Comité international des poids et mesures (CIPM), working closely with the Regional Metrology Organisations (RMOs). In September 2009 the CCPR decided that a second round of the key comparison K3 Luminous Intensity be commenced. The National Research Council of Canada (NRC) was chosen to pilot this comparison. A total of 12 participants were selected from the three RMO group members: EURAMET&COOMET (6: IO-CSIC, LNE-CNAM, METAS, NPL, PTB, VNIIOFI), APMP&AFRIMETS (4: NMISA, NIM, NMIA, NMIJ), and SIM (2: NIST, NRC). The comparison was organised as a star comparison (NMI-Pilot-NMI) using incandescent standard lamps supplied by each NMI (National Metrology Institute) as the travelling comparison artifact. This report describes the comparison organisation (Section 2), the measurement methods and uncertainties achieved at all the participants and at the pilot (Sections 3 and 4), and the method for analysis and the results of the comparison according to this method (Section 4). It includes a comparison of the results of this comparison with the 1999 first round key comparison (Section 5). Section 6 presents a summary of the comparison.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCPR, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Supplementary comparison CCRI(I)-S3 of standards for absorbed dose to water in 60Co gamma radiation at radiation processing dose levels
Authors: McEwen M R , Sharpe P H G , Pazos I M , Miller A , Pawlak E , Ninlaphruk S , Y Zhang , Kessler C 
Published: June 2022

Main text
A supplementary comparison of standards for absorbed dose to water in 60Co fields used for calibrations at radiation processing dose levels has been completed. Alanine dosimeters from the NIST and the NPL were used as transfer dosimeters and all participant irradiations were carried out in self-shielded irradiators. Irradiations were also carried out at the BIPM to allow direct comparison of dose ratios with the Key Comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K4. No significant difference was seen between the dose ratios obtained using the NPL and NIST alanine systems, no significant impact of mailing on dosimeter response was noted, and the adopted protocol limited any dose rate effects to the level of Type A uncertainties. The national standards of the participants are in agreement within the standard uncertainties, which are in the range from 1 to 2 parts in 102.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
High-density stretchable microelectrode array based on multilayer serpentine interconnections
Authors: Xiang Zehua , Wang Haobin , Wan Ji , Miao Liming , Xu Chen , Zhao Pengcheng , Guo Hang , Zhang Haixia , Han Mengdi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Microelectrode array (MEA) is a powerful tool for recording electrophysiological signals and studying the electrophysiological features of nerve, retina, and cardiomyocytes. Stretchable electrodes can form conformal contact with dynamic biological tissues/organs (e.g. heart) to enhance the coupling efficiency in electrophysiological measurements. However, MEAs based on conventional materials require serpentine interconnections to enable stretchability. A large number of serpentine interconnects take up spaces and hinder the improvement of spatial resolution. Here, we introduce a multilayer design strategy that yields a stretchable MEA with spatial density of 7.3 sites mm−2 and biaxial stretchability of 30%. The serpentine interconnects of each layer overlap vertically to reduce the area of the wires used for connection. In vitro validation in phosphate buffered saline and ex vivo test on perfused mouse heart show a 100% yield rate of the multilayer stretchable MEA, with capabilities in spatiotemporal mapping of electrophysiological signals at high spatial resolution.
Spectral broadening for pulse compression using liquid alcohols
Authors: Stephen Jacob A , Arachchige Chathurangani Jayalath , Hammond T J 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Although gases, and more recently solids, have been used to create few-cycle pulses, we explore using liquid alcohols for spectral broadening and femtosecond pulse compression. By using a series of 1 cm cuvettes filled with 1-decanol, we have compressed a pulse from 83.6 fs down to 31.3 fs with a spectrum capable of supporting 25 fs pulses without filamentation. We measure the nonlinear index of refraction for various liquids, measuring n
2 = (6.8 ± 0.5) × 10−20 m2 W−1 for 1-decanol. We demonstrate liquids to be a compact, simple, versatile, and cost-effective material to obtain broad spectra.
Blink duration is increased in concussed youth athletes: a validity study using eye tracking in male youth and adult athletes of selected contact sports
Authors: Snegireva Nadja , Derman Wayne , Patricios Jon , Welman Karen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objective. Diagnosing a sports-related concussion (SRC) remains challenging, and research into diagnostic tools is limited. This study investigated whether selected eye tracking variables would be a valid tool to diagnose and monitor SRC in adult and youth participants in selected contact sports, such as Rugby Union (rugby) and football (soccer). Methods. This prospective cohort study, with 70 concussed and 92 non-concussed adult and youth athletes, assessed the validity of five previously selected eye tracking variables for SRC diagnostics and management. The performance between concussed and age-matched control (non-concussed) athletes, as well as between three successive testing sessions in the concussed athletes were compared. Self-paced saccade count in adult group; blink duration in the memory-guided saccade and sinusoidal smooth pursuit tasks, proportion of antisaccade errors, and gain of diagonal smooth pursuit in the youth group were assessed. Results. The youth concussed group had higher blink duration in the fast memory-guided saccades task (p = 0.001, η
2 = 0.17) and a tendency for higher blink duration in the sinusoidal smooth pursuit task (p = 0.016, η
2 = 0.06) compared to the youth control group. In both tasks the blink duration in the concussed youth group decreased from session 1 to session 2 by 24% and 18%, accordingly, although statistical significance was not reached. The concussed adult group demonstrated a lower number of self-paced saccades compared to controls (p = 0.05, η
2 = 0.09), which gradually increased, with the largest difference between session 1 and session 3 (p = 0.02). Conclusions. Blink duration in youth athletes holds promise as a valid metric for concussion diagnostics and monitoring. It is recommended to focus future studies on comparing eye tracking performance within the same concussed athletes over time rather than comparing them to healthy controls.
Blind source separation of inspiration and expiration in respiratory sEMG signals
Authors: Sauer Julia , Streppel Merle , Carbon Niklas M , Petersen Eike , Rostalski Philipp 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objective. Surface electromyography (sEMG) is a noninvasive option for monitoring respiratory effort in ventilated patients. However, respiratory sEMG signals are affected by crosstalk and cardiac activity. This work addresses the blind source separation (BSS) of inspiratory and expiratory electrical activity in single- or two-channel recordings. The main contribution of the presented methodology is its applicability to the addressed muscles and the number of available channels. Approach. We propose a two-step procedure consisting of a single-channel cardiac artifact removal algorithm, followed by a single- or multi-channel BSS stage. First, cardiac components are removed in the wavelet domain. Subsequently, a nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithm is applied to the envelopes of the resulting wavelet bands. The NMF is initialized based on simultaneous standard pneumatic measurements of the ventilated patient. Main results. The proposed estimation scheme is applied to twelve clinical datasets and simulated sEMG signals of the respiratory system. The results on the clinical datasets are validated based on expert annotations using invasive pneumatic measurements. In the simulation, three measures evaluate the separation success: The distortion and the correlation to the known ground truth and the inspiratory-to-expiratory signal power ratio. We find an improvement across all SNRs, recruitment patterns, and channel configurations. Moreover, our results indicate that the initialization strategy replaces the manual matching of sources after the BSS. Significance. The proposed separation algorithm facilitates the interpretation of respiratory sEMG signals. In crosstalk affected measurements, the developed method may help clinicians distinguish between inspiratory effort and other muscle activities using only noninvasive measurements.
Nonlinear growth of magnetic islands by passing fast ions in NSTX
Authors: Yang J , Fredrickson E D , Podestà M , Poli F M 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The growth of magnetic islands in NSTX is modeled successfully, with the consideration of passing fast ions. It is shown that a good quantitative agreement between simulation and experimental measurement can be achieved when the uncompensated cross-field current induced by passing fast ions is included in the island growth model. The fast ion parameters, along with other equilibrium parameters, are obtained self-consistently using the TRANSP code with the assumptions of the ‘kick’ model (Podestà et al 2017 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
59 095008). The results show that fast ions can contribute to overcoming the stabilizing effect of polarization current for magnetic island growth.
Electron-cyclotron resonance heating and current drive source for flux-driven gyrokinetic simulations of tokamaks
Authors: Donnel P , Fontana J-B , Cazabonne J , Villard L , Brunner S , Coda S , Decker J , Peysson Y 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Electromagnetic waves that resonate with the cyclotron motion of electrons in a magnetized plasma can efficiently transfer their momentum and energy to the plasma. This is routinely used to heat or drive current in tokamak plasmas. The impact of this localized source of momentum and energy on turbulence and the retro-action of turbulence on the resonant interaction between the electromagnetic wave and the plasma has been scarcely studied due to the difficulty in self-consistently simulating the two physical mechanisms. In this paper, a realistic source representing electron-cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) and electron-cyclotron current drive (ECCD) is derived and implemented in a gyrokinetic code. The implementation of this realistic source in any existing global gyrokinetic code would enable the self-consistent study of turbulence in the presence of ECRH/ECCD using this code. The analytical source derived in this paper is valid for a beam propagating in the equatorial plane of an axisymmetric tokamak plasma. The realistic ECRH/ECCD source is implemented in the global gyrokinetic code ORB5 and successfully benchmarked against analytical theory (Albajar et al 2006 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
49 15–29) and the C3PO/LUKE suite of codes (Peysson et al 2011 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
53 124028), which is routinely used to study ECRH/ECCD deposition.
Comparative study of energy harvesting performance of magnetoelectric composite-based piezoelectric beams subject to varying magnetic field
Authors: Ren Zhuang , Tang Lihua , Zhao Jiucheng , Zhang Shizhong , Liu Changyi , Zhao Hongwei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Magnetostrictive materials with good mechanical properties can effectively convert the alternating magnetic energy in the environment into mechanical vibrations via the magnetostriction effect. Few studies exist on the working mechanism and the effect on the performance of magnetoelectric (ME) composite components in complex magnetic field environments. This work first investigated the magnetoelectric conversion process of two types of ME composite components under the action of DC magnetic field alone and the DC–AC coupled magnetic field using COMSOL simulation. When coupled with AC magnetic field, the DC bias magnetic field can enhance the magnetization by AC field for the Galfenol alloy component and negate the magnetization for the nickel component. Then, two types of ME composite components made from Galfenol alloy and nickel bonded with piezoelectric transducer are prototyped and tested for energy harvesting. The experimental results show that, under a harmonic excitation of 3 Oe magnetic field, the DC bias magnetic field of 120 Oe can increase the open-circuit voltage of the Galfenol alloy based harvester from 0.495 V to 10.68 V, and the output power from 1.6 μW to 42 μW by 2525% with a matched external resistance of 50 kΩ. Under the same amplitude of AC magnetic field, the DC bias magnetic field increases the open-circuit voltage of the nickel based harvester from 0.117 V to 0.837 V, and the output power from 2.6 μW to 23 μW by 784.6% with a matched resistance of 1000 kΩ. The findings of this work reveal the effect of the coupled magnetic field for the magnetostriction for different magnetostrictive materials and provide the guideline for the design of magnet electric energy harvesters.
Entropic stochastic resonance and super-harmonic stochastic resonance in a dichotomous fluctuating potential
Authors: Yang Jingwei , Chang Boyuan , Zhang Lu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
When a Brownian particle moves in a confined space, the boundaries of the confined space can form an entropic barrier and thus induce the classical entropic stochastic resonance (ESR) phenomenon. This paper introduces a dichotomous fluctuating potential into the classical ESR model and studies the dynamics and ESR phenomena of the confined particle. It is shown that the amplitude of each harmonic component of both the horizontal and vertical displacements of the confined particle appears in various types of ESR phenomena, such as single-peak ESR, double-peak ESR, or even multi-peak ESR. This multi-peak ESR phenomenon is caused when the different dynamical states of the confined particle (under the joint action of the energy and entropy potentials) reach the optimal equilibrium. The results of this paper will help to understand the mechanism of stochastic dynamics of particles in confined spaces.
Optical and radiation shielding features of NiO-CdO-BaO borosilicate glasses
Authors: Sayyed M I , Elmosalami T A , Abdo M A , Sadeq M S 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We report on the optical and radiation shielding features of NiO-CdO-BaO borosilicate glasses in the UV–vis-NIR range. The presence of Ni2+ cations in the octahedral site is emphasized by the absorption band at about 434–462 nm originating from 3A2g(F) → 3T1g(P) electronic transitions in the visible range. Also, this absorption band makes the present glass samples good candidates for optical filter applications within the visible range. Moreover, the most remarkable absorption band at about 966–986 nm due to Ni2+ cations in the tetrahedral site; 3T1(F) → 3A2(F) electronic transitions. The noticed increase in this absorption band reflects the increased heat-absorbing ability of the present glasses with further NiO doping. This result makes the present glass samples possible for solar thermal collectors. The reduction of the optical band gap (Eg) values from 3.16 to 2.95 eV can be explained by the creation of nonbridging oxygens produced by the existence of Ni2+ cations in the octahedral site. The electronic polarizability (

α

0

−
2

) and optical basicity (

˄

th

) values showed a slight increase with a further increase in the NiO: CdO ratio. The values of metallization criterion (M) decreased from 0.397 to 0.384 with more concentrations of NiO which agrees with the obtained data for

E

g

.

The third-order nonlinear susceptibility (χ
(3)) and nonlinear refractive index (n
2) values introduced an increment behavior with more concentrations of NiO. This behavior can be justified by the decreasing behavior of

E

g

.

On the other hand, our glass samples are good attenuators against the low energy radiation, since the linear attenuation coefficient is high (from 0.449 to 0.442 cm−1) at 0.284 MeV.
Direct fast heating efficiency of a counter-imploded core plasma employing a laser for fast ignition experiments (LFEX)
Authors: Kitagawa Yoneyoshi , Mori Yoshitaka , Ishii Katsuhiro , Hanayama Ryohei , Okihara Shinichiro , Arikawa Yasunobu , Abe Yuki , Miura Eisuke , Ozaki Tetsuo , Komeda Osamu , Suto Hiroyuki , Umetani Yusuke , Sunahra Atsushi , Johzaki Tomoyuki , Sakagami Hitoshi , Iwamoto Akifumi , Sentoku Yasuhiko , Nakajima Nozomi , Sakata Shohei , Matsuo Kazuki , Mirfayzi Reza S. , Kawanaka Junji , Fujiokua Shinsuke , Tsubakimoto Koji , Shigemori Keisuke , Yamanoi Kohei , Yogo Akifumi , Nakao Ayami , Asano Masatada , Shiraga Hiroyuki , Motohiro Tomoyoshi , Hioki Tatsumi , Azuma Hirozumi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Fast heating efficiency when a pre-imploded core is directly heated with an ultraintense laser (heating laser) was investigated. ‘Direct heating’ means that a heating laser hits a pre-imploded core without applying either a laser guiding cone or an external field. The efficiency, η, is defined as the increase in the internal core energy divided by the energy of the heating laser. Six beams (output of 1.6 kJ) from the GEKKO XII (GXII) green laser system at the Institute of Laser Engineering (ILE), Osaka University were applied to implode a spherical deuterated polystyrene (CD) shell target to form a dense core. The DD-reacted protons and the core x-ray emissions showed a core density of 2.8 ± 0.7 g cm−3, or 2.6 times the solid density. Furthermore, DD-reacted thermal neutrons were utilized to estimate the core temperature between 600 and 750 eV. Thereafter, the core was directly heated by a laser for fast-ignition experiments (LFEX, an extremely energetic ultrashort pulse laser) at ILE with its axis lying along or perpendicular to the GXII bundle axis, respectively. The former and latter laser configurations were termed ‘axial’ and ‘transverse modes’, respectively. The η was estimated from three independent methods: (1) the core x-ray emission, (2) the thermal neutron yield, and (3) the runaway hot electron spectra. For the axial mode, 0.8%

<

η

<

2.1% at low power (low LFEX energy) and 0.4%

<

η

<

2.5% at high power (high LFEX energy). For the transverse mode, 2.6%

<

η

<

7% at low power and 1.5%

<

η

<

7.7% at high power. Their efficiencies were compared with that in the uniform implosion mode using 12 GXII beams, 6%

<

η

<

12%, which appeared near to the η for the transverse mode, except that the error bar is very large.