bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Base Cation Mobility in Vineyard Soils of the Colli Albani Volcanic District (Central Italy)
Authors: Gaeta M. , Aldega L. , Astolfi M. L. , Bonechi B. , Pacheco P. , Perinelli C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe quality of the Colli Albani volcanic soils has certainly contributed to the vine cultivars hence the name of one of the oldest wines (i.e., Alban wine). The alkali up to 15 wt%, SiO2 ≤ 52 wt% and the emplacement at high temperature (≤ 600 °C) are the bedrock features that have deeply influenced the soil-forming processes in the vineyards. However, the peculiar features of the Colli Albani soils are not well known. Field survey and textural, mineralogical, and chemical data obtained with SEM, EMP, XRD, and ICP-OES were used to characterize the vineyard soils of the Colli Albani. Leucite (Lct)-bearing soils and quartz (Qz)-bearing soils occur in the studied vineyard. The Qz-bearing soils represent more weathered volcanic material, depleted in primary minerals and enriched in clays, which show a lower cation exchange capacity (CEC) than the Lct-bearing soils. CEC is a misleading definition for the Colli Albani soils because the base cation mobility in the vineyard is independent from clay mineral enrichment in the soil. Actually, the release of K, Na, Ca, and Mg depends by (i) the complete dissolution of leucite and analcime, (ii) the oxy-reaction affecting the phlogopite, which releases K + Mg, and (iii) the incongruent dissolution of clinopyroxene characterized by the “gothic texture.” This texture highlights the capacity of clinopyroxene to release Ca and Mg in volcanic soils. Quantification of the texture and abundance of the primary minerals are mandatory for the management of the vineyard soils in the Colli Albani and, in general, it is significative for the vineyards in volcanic areas.
An eco-friendly ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent-based liquid–phase microextraction method for enrichment and quantification of nickel in environmental samples
Authors: Hameed Ahmed M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn eco-friendly and easy ultrasound-assisted liquid phase microextraction approach using deep eutectic solvent (UA-DES-LPME) was established to preconcentrate and separate trace amount of nickel (Ni(II)) in various environmental samples before flame atomic absorption spectrometric estimation. In this method, Ni(II) was complexed with 2-(benzothiazolyl azo) orcinol reagent. The impacts various parameters on the microextarction of Ni(II) was investigated. The calibration graph is linear in the range of 1–500 µg L−1 and limits of detection and quantification were determined as 0.27 and 0.90 μg L−1, respectively. The RSD% and preconcentration factor were 2.30% and 100, respectively. The analysis of certified reference materials demonstrated the validity of the established procedure. The microextraction method provided here simple, rapid, cheap, green and was effectively used to determine nickel levels in a variety of environmental samples with recoveries ranged of 95.0–98.54%.
Z-Transform-Based Profile Matching to Develop a Learning-Free Keyword Spotting Method for Handwritten Document Images
Authors: Banerjee Debanshu , Bhowal Pratik , Malakar Samir , Cuevas Erik , Pérez‑Cisneros Marco , Sarkar Ram 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFor easy accessibility of the information from the digitized document images, optical character recognition (OCR)-based software can be used. But in the case of handwritten documents, the performance of the state-of-the-art OCR systems is not satisfactory owing to the complexity of the unconstrained handwriting. Hence, research affinity comes up with an alternative solution for this problem called keyword spotting (KWS) which is much more practical than an OCR-based solution. This work proposes a novel learning-free KWS method that can be applied to a heterogeneous collection of handwritten documents. In this work, we introduce a new way of profile matching to compare the query word profiles (i.e., both upper and lower) with the target words’ profiles. At first, both query and target words are binarized, and then two profiles from each such word are generated. Next, we formulate rules to filter out the irrelevant words concerning the query word and obtain the probable candidate query (i.e., target) words. Then we compare the profiles of the query and candidate query words in the Z-transform domain using the condition of resonance for the damped oscillator. However, before the match, we perform an affine transformation on the Bezier curve representation of the profiles of the candidate query words to reduce the effects like scaling, rotation, and shearing which might occur due to the variant writing styles of individuals. The proposed method achieves satisfactory performance compared to state-of-the-art learning-free methods when applied to four publicly available standard datasets namely ICFHR 2014 H-KWS competition Modern, IAM, ICFHR 2016 H-KWS competition Botany and ICFHR 2016 H-KWS competition Konzilsprotokolle datasets.
pulsar_spectra: A pulsar flux density catalogue and spectrum fitting repository
Authors: Swainston N. A. , Lee C. P. , McSweeney S. J. , Bhat N. D. R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We present the
pulsar_spectra
software repository, an open-source pulsar flux density catalogue and automated spectral fitting software that finds the best spectral model and produces publication-quality plots. The python-based software includes features that enable users in the astronomical community to add newly published spectral measurements to the catalogue as they become available. The spectral fitting software is an implementation of the method described in Jankowski et al. (2018, MNRAS, 473, 4436) which uses robust statistical methods to decide on the best-fitting model for individual pulsar spectra.
pulsar_spectra
is motivated by the need for a centralised repository for pulsar flux density measurements to make published measurements more accessible to the astronomical community and provide a suite of tools for measuring spectra.
A RESPONSE TO COMMUNITY QUESTIONS ON THE MARINE20 RADIOCARBON AGE CALIBRATION CURVE: MARINE RESERVOIR AGES AND THE CALIBRATION OF 14C SAMPLES FROM THE OCEANS
Authors: Heaton T J , Bard E , Bronk Ramsey C , Butzin M , Hatté C , Hughen K A , Köhler P , Reimer P J 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTRadiocarbon (14C) concentrations in the oceans are different from those in the atmosphere. Understanding these ocean-atmospheric 14C differences is important both to estimate the calendar ages of samples which obtained their 14C in the marine environment, and to investigate the carbon cycle. The Marine20 radiocarbon age calibration curve is created to address these dual aims by providing a global-scale surface ocean record of radiocarbon from 55,000–0 cal yr BP that accounts for the smoothed response of the ocean to variations in atmospheric 14C production rates and factors out the effect of known changes in global-scale palaeoclimatic variables. The curve also serves as a baseline to study regional oceanic 14C variation. Marine20 offers substantial improvements over the previous Marine13 curve. In response to community questions, we provide a short intuitive guide, intended for the lay-reader, on the construction and use of the Marine20 calibration curve. We describe the choices behind the making of Marine20, as well as the similarities and differences compared with the earlier Marine calibration curves. We also describe how to use the Marine20 curve for calibration and how to estimate ΔR—the localized variation in the oceanic 14C levels due to regional factors which are not incorporated in the global-scale Marine20 curve. To aid understanding, illustrative worked examples are provided.
Description of Diegoglossidium maradonai n. g. and n. sp. (Digenea: Alloglossidiidae) through an integrative taxonomy approach, with an amended diagnosis of the family
Authors: Montes M.M. , Arredondo N.J. , Barneche J.A. , Balcazar D. , Reig Cardarella G. , Martorelli S.R. , Pérez-Ponce de León G. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper describes Diegloglossidium maradonai n. g., n. sp. a parasite of the intestine of Hoplosternum littorale (Hancock) from La Plata River basin. The new genus is morphologically similar to members of Alloglossidiidae and Macroderoidiidae although they also share some traits observed in both families. Those families can be differentiated from each other by the combination of morphological features, including the density and distribution of the tegumental spines, the distribution of the vitelline follicles and the extent of the post-testicular space. The molecular analyses based on the large subunit of the ribosomal RNA gene, and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions including ITS1, 5.8S and ITS2 unequivocally place the new genus in the family Alloglossidiidae which is amended based on new observed features. Diegoglossidium n. g. is characterized by a combination of characteristics, being most notably the presence of a deeply lobed ovary. Lastly, the geographical distribution and host associations of the two closely related Neotropical genera of Alloglossidiidae: Magnivitellinum and Diegoglossidium are discussed, and the host and distribution range of Magnivitellinum saltaensis is expanded into Argentina.
Flying across Europe: the case of the spread of Chaunocephalus ferox on a black stork (Ciconia nigra)
Authors: Gonzálvez M. , Muñoz-Hernández C. , Gómez de Ramón A. , Buendía A. , Escribano F. , Martínez-Carrasco C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The annual migration of birds involves a very large number of inter-continental and intra-continental movements in which thousands of bird species participate. These migrations have been associated with the spread of pathogens worldwide, including bacteria, viruses and parasites. This study describes the case of a black stork (Ciconia nigra) that was ringed at the nest in Latvia and died five months later in the south-east of the Iberian Peninsula. Post-mortem examination revealed that the cause of death was electrocution. In addition, a massive infection by the trematode Chaunocephalus ferox (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) causing severe granulomatous lesions throughout the small intestine was detected. This is the first report of C. ferox infection in a black stork in the Iberian Peninsula, a trematode that, due to the severe lesions it causes, can affect the health of C. ferox-infected wild birds, particularly in severely infected long-distance migrants. The dispersal of platyhelminths associated with migratory birds is discussed. After the ringing at the nest, the black stork was sighted in Central Europe one month before its capture, and the trematodes found by necropsy were mostly mature adults. Consequently, we estimate that this juvenile animal acquired the infection during its migration in a European area other than the Iberian Peninsula, evidencing a long-distance parasite spread through its migratory host. Our study highlights that bird ringing can be used to understand the epidemiological implications that bird migratory behaviour may have on the dispersal of parasites.
Genetic analysis of a 66-kDa protein-encoding gene of Angiostrongylus cantonensis and Angiostrongylus malaysiensis
Authors: Dumidae Abdulhakam , Subkrasae Chanakan , Ardpairin Jiranun , Thanwisai Aunchalee , Vitta Apichat 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis is globally known to be the cause of oeosinophilic meningitis in humans. Another congener, Angiostrongylus malaysiensis, is closely related to A. cantonensis and has been described as a potential human pathogenic parasite. These 2 worms are similar in terms of life cycle, host range and morphological and genetic information. However, there are limited studies about their genetic diversity based on the 66-kDa protein-encoding gene. The objective of this study was to explore the 66-kDa protein sequence variation of A. cantonensis and A. malaysiensis collected from Thailand. Two adult and 53 third-stage larval specimens of Angiostrongylus from 4 geographic locations in Thailand were molecularly identified using the 66-kDa protein gene. The phylogenetic trees (Bayesian inference tree and maximum-likelihood tree) showed that Angiostrongylus formed a monophyletic clade with a clear separation between A. cantonensis and A. malaysiensis. The genetic distance between A. cantonensis and A. malaysiensis varies from 0.82 to 2.86%, with a total of 16 variable sites. The analysis of genetic diversity revealed 1 and 5 new haplotypes of A. cantonensis and A. malaysiensis, respectively, and showed genetic differences between the populations of A. cantonensis and A. malaysiensis. The haplotype networks of A. cantonensis and A. malaysiensis populations in Thailand are similar to those of populations in some countries, indicating the range expansion of genomic origin between populations in different areas. In conclusion, the 66-kDa protein gene was a good genetic marker for studying genetic diversity and discriminating between A. cantonensis and A. malaysiensis.
Creating a culture that supports food security and health equity at higher education institutions
Authors: Savoie-Roskos Mateja R , Hood Lanae B , Hagedorn-Hatfield Rebecca L , Landry Matthew J , Patton-López Megan M , Richards Rickelle , Vogelzang Jody L , Qamar Zubaida , OoNorasak Kendra , Mann Georgianna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFood insecurity on college campuses is a major public health problem and has been documented for the last decade. Sufficient food access is a crucial social determinant of health, thus campuses across the country have implemented various programmes, systems and policies to enhance access to food which have included food pantries, campus gardens, farmers’ markets, meal share or voucher programmes, mobile food applications, campus food gleaning, food recovery efforts, meal deliveries and task force/working groups. However, little is understood about how to best address food insecurity and support students who are struggling with basic needs. The impact of food insecurity on students’ academic and social success, in addition to their overall well-being, should be investigated and prioritised at each higher education institution. This is especially true for marginalised students, such as minority or first-generation students, who are at heightened risk for food insecurity. In order to create a culture of health equity, in which most at-risk students are provided resources and opportunities to achieve optimal well-being, higher education institutions must prioritise mitigating food insecurity on the college campus. Higher education institutions could benefit from adopting comprehensive and individualised approaches to promoting food security for marginalised students in order to facilitate equal opportunity for optimal scholastic achievement among students of all socio-demographic backgrounds.
Acceptability and mechanisms of change associated with group cognitive behavioural therapy using the Recovering from Childhood Abuse Programme among women with CPTSD: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Hegarty Siobhan , Ehntholt Kimberly , Williams Dorothy , Kennerley Helen , Billings Jo , Bloomfield Michael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSurvivors of childhood trauma are at increased risk of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD). The Recovering from Child Abuse Programme (RCAP) is a cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) group promoting adaptive coping strategies which may help overcome CPTSD symptoms in adult survivors of childhood trauma. We sought to explore patient experiences of factors influencing treatment acceptability and potential mechanisms of therapeutic change in a sample of participants in the RCAP programme. As the group was delivered during the COVID-19 pandemic, necessitating a transition to remote therapy, we further aimed to capture experiences of the transition to telehealth delivery of the programme. A naturalistic sample of 10 women with CPTSD attending a specialist out-patient psychological trauma service participated in the study. Therapy sessions were recorded, transcribed verbatim and group members completed written feedback forms following each session. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the written feedback and transcripts. The RCAP was acceptable to group members and several themes were identified related to the experience of change in the group. Key themes centred on group solidarity; safety in the psychotherapeutic process; schema changes related to the self, others and future catalysed by the shifting of self-blame; increased emotional regulation to feel safer in the present; and increased future optimism. Therapeutic progress continued following the transition to telehealth, although face-to-face delivery was generally preferred. The programme was acceptable and led to cognitive change, enabling increased emotional regulation in the present and improved self-concept, thereby addressing key symptoms of CPTSD.Key learning aims(1)To identify potential mechanisms of therapeutic change related to participation in the Recovery from Childhood Abuse group CBT intervention.(2)To understand factors influencing acceptability of the group intervention among women with CPTSD to childhood sexual abuse.
Bayesian Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Psychological Capital	PCQ-12 Scale
Authors: Tomás José M. , Martínez-Gregorio Sara , Oliver Amparo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Psychological Capital (PsyCap) is a key construct in psychological research across the lifespan. Although the 12-item Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ-12) is among the most used scales to approach its measurement, its factor structure and reliability remain controversial, particularly in samples of adolescents. Data came from a cross-sectional survey administered to 267 Spanish adolescents, 59.9% girls ( Mage = 13.96, SD = 1.56). Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFAs) in Mplus 8.6 were used to compare three competitive models (one factor, four correlated factors, and a second order structure) estimated with Bayesian methods. Although Self-Efficacy, Hope, and Optimism significantly explained their indicators, and their cross-loadings were not statistically significant, Resilience operated differently. We obtained evidence supporting the second-order structure. Also, it becomes clear that the scale has difficulties measuring Resilience in adolescents. Consequently, further research should explore new adaptations or alternative measures to overcome these limitations when researching adolescents.
Ionospheric D Region: VLF‐Measured Electron Densities Compared With Rocket‐Based FIRI‐2018 Model
Authors: Thomson Neil R. , Clilverd Mark A. , Rodger Craig J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGround‐based very low frequency (VLF) radio propagation in the Earth‐ionosphere waveguide has enabled extensive electron number densities in the D region of the Earth's ionosphere to be determined, by day typically below heights of 70–80 km and by night in the height range ∼75–90 km. Many rocket‐based electron density measurements have also been reported in the literature from ∼60 km upwards using current probes, and radio propagation at a few MHz between the rocket and ground. Recently these rocket measurements have been summarized, and supplemented with D region production‐loss modeling, giving rise to a near global model named FIRI‐2018 (Faraday‐International Reference Ionosphere) which provides electron number densities as functions of height, latitude (<60°), solar zenith angle and F10.7 cm solar flux. These rocket‐based electron density values are here compared with corresponding values from VLF measurements, by day at a low‐latitude (∼20°) and a high mid‐latitude (∼55°), and by night mainly at mid‐latitudes. At night the average agreement (over 75–90 km) is remarkably good. By day, at low latitude the agreement is also fairly good (in the common height range ∼60–75 km), with the changes with solar zenith angle being moderately comparable. For daytime high mid‐latitudes, the agreement is less satisfactory, particularly at the lowest common altitudes, with the VLF measurements showing the expected effects of cosmic rays much more than the rocket‐based values. Overall, we find that the D region description in the FIRI‐2018 model is a significant advance on the earlier International Reference Ionosphere (IRI‐2016) model.
Experimental Modeling of Tsunamis Generated by Pyroclastic Density Currents: The Effects of Particle Size Distribution on Wave Generation
Authors: Lipiejko Natalia , Whittaker Colin N. , Lane Emily M. , White James D. L. , Power William L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVolcanic tsunamis can expand the radius of hazards posed by a volcano well beyond the reach of the eruption itself; however, their source mechanisms are poorly understood. The tsunamigenic potential of pyroclastic density currents was studied experimentally by releasing a fluidized column of glass beads from a reservoir; the beads then ran down an inclined ramp into a water‐filled flume and generated waves. The effects of the particle size distribution on the generated waves were analyzed by comparing the waves generated by flows comprising different proportions of particles of diameters 63–90 μm and 600–850 μm. The flows comprising higher proportions of large particles travel more slowly down the ramp; however, all the flows impact the water at velocities greater than the shallow water wave speed, , where h is the still‐water depth. The entrance of the fluidized flow into the water generates a solitary‐like leading wave followed by a smaller trough and trailing waves. Upon impact, the flow separates into a part advected with the wave crest and a part which turbulently mixes with water and propagates along the bottom of the flume, forming an underwater gravity current. A higher proportion of large particles makes the flows more porous, allowing the water to penetrate through the flows more easily, slightly decreasing the efficiency of the energy transfer. While this affects the celerity of the waves, the results show that, over the studied range of particle size distributions, all the flows can generate waves of similar amplitudes regardless of the particle size distribution.
Impact of Clouds and Blowing Snow on Surface and Atmospheric Boundary Layer Properties Over Dome C, Antarctica
Authors: Ganeshan Manisha , Yang Yuekui , Palm Stephen. P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractClouds and blowing snow (BLSN) occur frequently over Antarctica, where it is critical to understand their feedbacks to surface and atmospheric boundary layer processes. Dome C, an elevated East Antarctic station, dominated by lengthy periods of surface longwave (LW) radiative cooling, is selected to reveal cloud and BLSN impacts within a largely stable environment. The sky condition is classified as clear, cloudy, or BLSN, using 3 years of Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations satellite data. Co‐located and contemporaneous in situ observations are used to investigate the relationship of sky condition with surface and atmospheric boundary layer thermal structure, focusing on seasonal variability. Results show that increased downwelling LW radiation from clouds abate surface radiative cooling losses, contributing to warming during all seasons. An increase of 3°C in the mean surface air temperature is observed during spring, whereas, a more dramatic rise (around 10°C), due to accompanying large‐scale subsidence, is observed during fall and winter in association with clouds. For all seasons, the wind speed and wind speed shear are strongest during BLSN events, and the surface‐based inversion is weakened by cooling which peaks in a shallow above‐surface turbulent layer. The stronger background stability during fall and winter seasons, restricts turbulence and BLSN depths generally to the lowest tens of meters. The Earth's cryosphere is among the most rapidly evolving yet least well‐observed regions, and knowledge of clouds and BLSN interactions with the typical stable atmospheric boundary layer can help further understand energy and moisture exchanges.