bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ewing sarcoma with very late metastasis in the skull: a case report
Authors: Hagihara Ryota , Arishima Hidetaka , Yamauchi Takahiro , Kawajiri Satoshi , Ito Tomomi , Fukushima Mana , Kikuta Kenichiro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Ewing sarcoma is a malignant bone tumor; however, its prognosis has improved since the development of modern chemotherapy. Although Ewing sarcoma outcomes have improved, issues related to late complications, secondary malignant neoplasms, and late recurrence or metastasis have emerged.

Case presentation
We report a case of Ewing sarcoma that recurred in the occipital bone 21 years after primary tumor treatment. A 45-year-old Japanese woman with a history of Ewing sarcoma 21 years prior, was referred to our hospital due to a severe headache. A tumor was detected in the left occipital bone, and the biopsy revealed Ewing sarcoma. Metastasis was suspected because the patient had been treated for Ewing sarcoma of the left clavicle 21 years prior. There have been several cases of local recurrence or metastasis, occurring 15–20 years after the onset of the initial disease. To our knowledge, very late metastasis of Ewing sarcoma in the skull has not been reported.

Conclusion
We report a rare case of very late metastasis of Ewing sarcoma in the skull with a review of the literature. Delayed metastasis secondary to Ewing sarcoma can occur in the lung, which is the most common site for metastasis, as well as other regions of the body, such as the cranium.
Survival analysis of patients with COVID-19 admitted at six hospitals in Uganda in 2021: a cohort study
Authors: Muyinda Asad , Ingabire Prossie M. , Nakireka Susan , Tumuhaise Criscent , Namulema Edith , Bongomin Felix , Napyo Agnes , Sserwanja Quraish , Ainembabazi Rozen , Olum Ronald , Nantale Ritah , Akunguru Phillip , Nomujuni Derrick , Olwit William , Musaba Milton W. , Namubiru Bridget , Aol Pamela , Babigumira Peter A. , Munabi Ian , Kiguli Sarah , Mukunya David 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Assessing factors associated with mortality among COVID-19 patients could guide in developing context relevant interventions to mitigate the risk. The study aimed to describe mortality and associated factors among COVID-19 patients admitted at six health facilities in Uganda.

Methods
We reviewed medical records of patients admitted with COVID-19 between January 1st 2021 and December 31st 2021 in six hospitals in Uganda. Using Stata version 17.0, Kaplan Meier and Cox regression analyses were performed to describe the time to death and estimate associations between various exposures and time to death. Finally, accelerated failure time (AFT) models with a lognormal distribution were used to estimate corresponding survival time ratios.

Results
Out of the 1040 study participants, 234 (22.5%: 95%CI 12.9 to 36.2%) died. The mortality rate was 30.7 deaths per 1000 person days, 95% CI (26.9 to 35.0). The median survival time was 33 days, IQR (9–82). Factors associated with time to COVID-19 death included; age ≥ 60 years [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 2.4, 95% CI: [1.7, 3.4]], having malaria test at admission [aHR = 2.0, 95% CI:[1.0, 3.9]], a COVID-19 severity score of severe/critical [aHR = 6.7, 95% CI:[1.5, 29.1]] and admission to a public hospital [aHR = 0.4, 95% CI:[0.3, 0.6]]. The survival time of patients aged 60 years or more is estimated to be 63% shorter than that of patients aged less than 60 years [adjusted time ratio (aTR) 0.37, 95% CI 0.24, 0.56]. The survival time of patients admitted in public hospitals was 2.5 times that of patients admitted in private hospitals [aTR 2.5 to 95%CI 1.6, 3.9]. Finally, patients with a severe or critical COVID-19 severity score had 87% shorter survival time than those with a mild score [aTR 0.13, 95% CI 0.03, 0.56].

Conclusion
In-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients was high. Factors associated with shorter survival; age ≥ 60 years, a COVID-19 severity score of severe or critical, and having malaria at admission. We therefore recommend close monitoring of COVID-19 patients that are elderly and also screening for malaria in COVID-19 admitted patients.
Association of sex steroid hormones and new bone formation rate after iliac onlay grafting: a prospective clinical pilot study
Authors: Landwehr Victoria Constanze , Fretwurst Tobias , Heinen Julia , Vach Kirstin , Nelson Katja , Nahles Susanne , Iglhaut Gerhard 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The present prospective study evaluates the association between new bone formation rate in the iliac onlay graft and sex steroid hormone serum levels.

Methods
A total of 15 partially or completely edentulous postmenopausal females and 9 males with less than 5 mm height of the remaining alveolar bone underwent iliac onlay grafting followed by dental implant placement using a two-stage approach. Sex hormone binding globulin and 17β-estradiol serum levels were investigated by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, while total testosterone level was analyzed using radioimmunoassay. At the time of implant placement, 12 weeks after grafting, bone biopsies were obtained and analyzed histomorphometrically. Statistical analysis was performed using linear mixed models.

Results
Grafting procedure was successfully performed in all patients. The mean new bone formation rate was 32.5% (116 samples). In men the mean new bone formation rate (38.1%) was significantly higher (p < 0.01) than in women (27.6%). Independent of gender 17β-estradiol and testosterone were positively associated to overall new bone formation rate, albeit a significant influence was only seen for 17β-estradiol in men (p = 0.020). Sex hormone binding globulin had no influence on new bone formation rate (p = 0.897). There was no significant association between new bone formation rate and age (p = 0.353) or new bone formation rate and body mass index (p = 0.248).

Conclusion
Positive association of 17ß-estradiol as well as testosterone with new bone formation rate after iliac onlay grafting indicates a role of sex steroid hormones in alveolar bone regeneration, although the observed influence was only significant for 17ß-estradiol in men.

Graphical Abstract
Case report of antiseizure medicine-induced long QT syndrome and a literature review
Authors: Yu Xiongying , Zha Jian , Yi Zhaoshi , Li Xiaoyan , Chen Hui , Xu Yuxin , Zhong Jianmin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
To realize the clinical characteristics of long QT syndrome (LQTS) caused by antiseizure medicines (ASMs), and to improve the prevention and management of ASM-acquired QT syndrome.

Case presentation
A case of ASM-acquired QT syndrome was diagnosed and relevant literature was reviewed. The case was a 7-year-old boy who presented with a sudden onset of panic followed by changes in consciousness, with or without convulsions, lasting from tens of seconds to 3 min. The patient then received antiepileptic treatment with valproic acid, levetiracetam and oxcarbazepine and was seizure free for about a year. However, on August 12, 2021, his illness flared up again. Electroencephalogram (EEG) showed the background activity was slow, and no obvious epileptic discharge was detected. But electrocardiogram (ECG) showed a surprisingly prolonged QT interval (770 ms). Torsades de Pointes was found during Holter monitoring, while electrolyte levels were normal. The ECG recordings gradually returned to normal after stopping ASMs. For literature search, only 21 related papers were obtained after reading titles and full-texts of 105 English-language papers retrieved using keywords "acquired QT interstitial syndrome/acquired Long QT Syndrome (aLQTS)" and "anti-epileptic seizure drugs/ASMs", in the databases of Wanfang, CNKI, Pubmed, and other databases, from publication year 1965 to October 26, 2021. There are 12 types of drug-acquired LQTS caused by ASMs, most of which are Na+ blockers, but LQTS caused by oxcarbazepine had not been reported previously.

Conclusions
ASMs such as oxcarbazepine can cause acquired LQTS. When Na+ or K+ channel blockers are used clinically, ECG should be reviewed regularly and abnormal ECG should be intervened in time to reduce iatrogenic accidents in patients with epilepsy.
Left subsuperior segmentectomy for a patient with early-stage lung cancer: a case report
Authors: Oeda Hodaka , Suzuki Hidemi , Kaiho Taisuke , Hata Atsushi , Takamsa Ito , Tanaka Kazuhisa , Sakairi Yuichi , Yoshino Ichiro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The independent segment between the superior and basal segments is called the subsuperior segment (S*), which is rarely observed. We report a left S* segmentectomy in a patient with early-stage lung cancer.

Case presentation
A 72-year-old man presented with a history of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. A left lung ground-glass nodule was detected during follow-up examination. The tumor shadow was localized in the left S* according to the findings of the three-dimensional image analysis system (SYNAPSE VINCENT®) with computed tomography-based analysis. S* segmentectomy was successfully performed with a sufficient surgical margin. The operation time was 147 min, and there was a small amount of bleeding. The pathological diagnosis was invasive adenocarcinoma measuring 3 mm. The tumor was successfully removed with a sufficient surgical margin. The patient was discharged from the hospital 8 days after surgery without any complications.

Conclusions
S* segmentectomy is not typically performed in patients with lung cancer due to insufficient surgical margins. However, S* segmentectomy is a viable option for selected patients with pulmonary metastasis or early-stage lung cancer.
Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance Predicts the Severity of Liver Fibrosis in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and NAFLD
Authors: Kalavalapalli Srilaxmi , Leiva Eddison Godinez , Lomonaco Romina , Chi Xiaofei , Shrestha Sulav , Dillard Rachel , Budd Jeffery , Romero Jessica Portillo , Li Christina , Bril Fernando , Samraj George , Pennington John , Townsend Petra , Orlando Frank , Shetty Shwetha , Mansour Lydia , Silva-Sombra Lorena Rodrigues , Bedossa Pierre , Malaty John , Barb Diana , Gurka Matthew J , Cusi Kenneth 
Published: November 2022

AbstractContextAlthough type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a risk factor for liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the specific contribution of insulin resistance (IR) relative to other factors is unknown.ObjectiveAssess the impact on liver fibrosis in NAFLD of adipose tissue (adipose tissue insulin resistance index [adipo-IR]) and liver (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance [HOMA-IR]) IR in people with T2D and NAFLD.DesignParticipants were screened by elastography in the outpatient clinics for hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, including routine metabolites, cytokeratin-18 (a marker of hepatocyte apoptosis/steatohepatitis), and HOMA-IR/adipo-IR.SettingUniversity ambulatory care practice.ParticipantsA total of 483 participants with T2D.InterventionScreening for steatosis and fibrosis with elastography.Main outcome measuresLiver steatosis (controlled attenuation parameter), fibrosis (liver stiffness measurement), and measurements of IR (adipo-IR, HOMA-IR) and fibrosis (cytokeratin-18).ResultsClinically significant liver fibrosis (stage F ≥ 2 = liver stiffness measurement ≥8.0 kPa) was found in 11%, having more features of the metabolic syndrome, lower adiponectin, and higher aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase, liver fat, and cytokeratin-18 (P &lt; 0.05-0.01). In multivariable analysis including just clinical variables (model 1), obesity (body mass index [BMI]) had the strongest association with fibrosis (odds ratio, 2.56; CI, 1.87-3.50; P &lt; 0.01). When metabolic measurements and cytokeratin-18 were included (model 2), only BMI, AST, and liver fat remained significant. When fibrosis stage was adjusted for BMI, AST, and steatosis (model 3), only Adipo-IR remained strongly associated with fibrosis (OR, 1.51; CI, 1.05-2.16; P = 0.03), but not BMI, hepatic IR, or steatosis.ConclusionsThese findings pinpoint to the central role of dysfunctional, insulin-resistant adipose tissue to advanced fibrosis in T2D, beyond simply BMI or steatosis. The clinical implication is that targeting adipose tissue should be the priority of treatment in NAFLD.
SYTL5 Promotes Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Progression by Enhancing Activation of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Huang Da , Zeng Ying , Deng Han-Yue , Fu Bi-Dong , Ke Yun , Luo Jing-Yi , Yu Ji-Chun , Yu Shi-Tong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The function and mechanism of SYTL5 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) are still unclear. In this research, we found that SYTL5 was significantly overexpressed in PTC tissues compared with normal thyroid tissues. SYTL5 downregulation significantly weakened the proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities of PTC cells. In addition, upregulated SYTL5 could promote cancer progression by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. RAC1b expression is positively associated with SYTL5, and overexpressed RAC1b abrogated the antitumor effect after SYTL5 inhibition. In conclusion, our findings identify the oncogenic role of SYTL5 in PTC by activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, thus facilitating PTC development and progression.
Mechanism of Mitochondrial Homeostasis Controlling Ovarian Physiology
Authors: Tian Yuan , Liu Xinrui , Pei Xiuying , Gao Hui , Pan Pengge , Yang Yanzhou 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOvarian cells, including oocytes, granulosa/cumulus cells, theca cells, and stromal cells, contain abundant mitochondria, which play indispensable roles in the processes of ovarian follicle development. Ovarian function is closely controlled by mitochondrial proteostasis and mitostasis. While mitochondrial proteostasis and mitostasis are disturbed by several factors, leading to dysfunction of ovarian function and initiating the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) and mitophagy to maintain or recover ovarian function and mitochondrial function, clear interactions between the 2 pathways in the ovary have not been fully elucidated. Here, we comprehensively summarize the molecular networks or regulatory mechanisms behind further mitochondrial research in the ovary. This review provides novel insights into the interactions between the UPRmt and mitophagy in ovarian functions.
The Diversity Requirement; or, The Ambivalent Contingency of the Asian American Student Teacher
Authors: Ishii Douglas S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
“The Diversity Requirement” takes on anti-neoliberal criticisms of the post-2008 US university as emblematized by quit lit, the essay genre in which tenure-track hopefuls announce that they are leaving academia, as deracinated yet totalizing theories that ignore how racism structures institutional contingency and academic precarity, even when the diversity requirement is a norm. This article responds by turning to the Asian American campus novel, a generic category not readily deployed because of the recurrence of universities in literary and lived model minority narratives. Taking Asian American institutional racialization as representative of the ambivalence that subtends contingency, “The Diversity Requirement” connects the author’s experience as contingent faculty and as staff of the campus diversity requirement to readings of Karen Tei Yamashita’s I Hotel (2010) and Weike Wang’s Chemistry: A Novel (2017) through the figure of the Asian American student teacher, the apt pupils within liberal whiteness who lack expertise or experience and yet are tasked with teaching responsibilities for diversity without full access to institutional power. In doing so, this article theorizes ambivalent contingency—a mitigated agency and constrained privilege from within institutional contingency that reflects contradicting intersections of power within and beyond the individual—as a strategy for surviving the institution without reproducing its logics of exclusion.
Building Indigenous Subjectivity: Jesuit Pedagogies of Emotion in the Colonial Andes
Authors: Dueñas Alcira 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Transforming the religious outlook of Indigenous populations in the colonial Andes became an imperial undertaking that required more than an external change. In the Andes, the missionary enterprise of the Jesuits created a wholesale design of mechanisms for an effective intervention in the psyche of the Native children of the Andean kurakas. Indoctrinators used the schools of caciques and other missional spaces to direct these young students’ mental and bodily dispositions toward cultural comportment changes. Colonizing Andeans’ innermost realms, the king and the Jesuits expected that out of “idolatrous heathens” would emerge Indians with European customs who embraced and expanded Christianity. To that end, the Jesuits systematically applied the “medicine of the soul,” an assortment of pedagogies employed to set in motion a variety of psychological states to produce a Christian subjectivity that occupied the inner space of Andean children’s lives.
Sexual dimorphism in the neuro-endocrine regulation of bicycle ergometric test parameters in untrained individuals with dysfunction of the neuro-endocrine-immune complex
Authors: Ruzhylo Sofiya , Fihura Oksana , Zakalyak Nataliya , Kovalchuk Galyna , Żukow Xawery , Popovych Dariya 
Published: November 2022

Background. Ergometric physical working capacity (PWC) testing has a long tradition in occupational medicine. PWC can be tested, using performance indicators like VO2max or the mechanical power. However, the calculated by bicycle ergometry PWC in reality reflects the reaction of the autonomic nervous system to muscle load, which, in turn, is strong, but still not absolutely complete, correlates with VO2max as a real indicator of cardiorespiratory fitness. The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between PWC, calculated based on the result of two-stage bicycle ergometry, and the parameters of neuro-endocrine regulation as well as sexual differences in such relationships. Materials and Methods. The object of observation were 30 women 29-76 (49,4±11,0) years and 30 men 24-69 (47,4±12,0) years without a clinical diagnosis, but with the deviations from the norm in a number of parameters of the neuro-endocrine-immune complex as a manifestation of maladaptation. For estimation of PWC a two-stage bicycle ergometry used. Parameters of EEG, HRV and adaptation hormones levels registered twice with an interval of 4 or 7 days. Results. In men, PWC correlates negatively with plasma levels of cortisol (r=-0,52) and triiodothyronine (r=-0,47), but positively with levels of calcitonin (r=0,25) and testosterone (r=0,22). The coefficient of multiple correlation R=0,705. In women, the correlation of the twice lower PWC with cortisol and calcitonin is weaker (r=-0,31 and 0,18, respectively), and is absent with testosterone and triiodothyronine, instead it was found in relation to aldosterone (r=-0,24); R=0,394. The PWC regression model for men includes 6 HRV and 11 EEG parameters (R=0,846), while for women only the mode HRV (r=-0,56) and two EEG parameters (R=0,608). Conclusion. PWC levels in men are generally downregulated by cortisol, triiodothyronine, sympathetic tone, and θ-rhythm generating neurons, but upregulated by testosterone, calcitonin, vagal tone, and related α-rhythm generating neurons. In women, PWC levels are borderline downregulated by cortisol and aldosterone, but significantly upregulated by circulating catecholamines and β-rhythm generating neurons.
Tapp in the treatment of irreducible and inguinoscrotal hernia
Authors: Ivantsok V. , Bondariev R. , Bondarieva O. 
Published: November 2022

Laparoscopic surgery is known to be technically difficult to perform for irreducible and inguinoscrotal hernias. The aim of the work is to conduct a comparative analysis of early postoperative complications in the surgical treatment of irreducible and inguinoscrotal hernias using the modified laparoscopic and classic TAPP techniques. Comparative analysis of the local early postoperative complications in 49 male patients who were surgically treated for irreducible and/or inguinoscrotal hernias was carried out. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the technique of hernioplasty: the first group (n = 19) - surgical treatment was performed by the classical hernioplasty, described in the literature, TAPP technique; the second group (n = 20) - surgical treatment included a modified laparoscopic TAPP technique. Only 1 (5.3%) patient in group 1 (p = 0.079) who had experienced bleeding during surgery. Post-operative subcutaneous emphysema was common in 5.3% in group 1 and 5.0% in group 2 (p = 0.490), inguinal hematoma in 5.3% and 5.0% (p = 0.490), scrotal hematoma in 10.5% and 0% (p = 0.445), inguinal paresthesia 5.3% and 5.0% (p = 0.490), inguinal seroma 5.3% and 5.0% (p = 0.490), scrotal seroma 26.3% and 0% (p = 0.047), orchiepididymitis 5.3% and 0% (p = 0.079) respectively.
The modified technique of transabdominal preperitoneal repair of irreducible and inguinoscrotal hernia provides low-trauma fractures of surgery, which reduced the incidence of local intra- and postoperative complications.
Nurses' knowledge of the brain death adjudication procedure
Authors: Majchrowicz Bożena 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: The issue of brain death is an extremely important puzzle for the world of medicine. Nursing care for a potential donor is considered a priority of the process, from the diagnosis of brain death to the donation and transplantation of the organ.
The aim of the research was to assess the level of knowledge of nurses about the procedure of adjudication of brain death
Material and methods: An online survey among 206 nurses associated on social networking sites. The research tool was the original questionnaire.
Results and conclusions: Nursing care for a potential donor requires specialist knowledge and experience. The level of knowledge of the respondents about brain death and the applicable transplant law is not differentiated due to socio-demographic factors. The respondents have knowledge of the legal regulations in force in the area of ​​the death adjudication procedure.
Cystic fibrosis, with a focus on new therapies for causal treatment - CFTR protein modulators
Authors: Iwaniszyn-Zapołoch Klara , Małek Anna , Marzęda Magdalena , Wysokińska Olga , Zadrożna Karolina , Fabiś Mateusz , Wójcik Bartłomiej 
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION: Cystic fibrosis is a severe, multi-system involvement genetic disease. It is estimated that 1 in 2,500 people are affected, most commonly Europeans. It used to lead to death in childhood, but patients now live to adulthood. STATE OF KNOWLEDGE: Thanks to screening tests carried out in many countries, the disease can be detected quickly at birth and treatment can be implemented as soon as possible. Following the discovery of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR), in which the mutation responsible for cystic fibrosis occurs, a great deal of research has been done to discover the best pathway for causal treatment. A new group of drugs called modulators, which improve the function of the CFTR protein, was developed. These preparations have been approved for clinical use by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA). Approximately 85-90% of patients are eligible for treatment, based on the mutations they have. Importantly, from the beginning of 2022, the aforementioned causative therapies will appear on the Polish list of reimbursed drugs.
SUMMARY: Thanks to genetics and biology, it was possible to discover modulators of the CFTR protein. With a quick diagnosis and the fastest possible initiation of targeted treatment, patients have a chance for a longer and better life. Today, the median age to which people with CF live is 46.2 years. It is said that these innovative therapies can not only alleviate the course of this incurable disease, but also prevent the occurrence of severe complications. Unfortunately, we do not know the far-reaching effects of the preparations, so at the moment we can only hope for as many studies as possible showing the effects of their use.