bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of the Trendelenburg position and carboxyperitoneum on cerebral tissue oximetry values
Authors: Kolotukhin A. K. , Bakanov A. Yu. , Bautin A. E. , Volkov V. V. , Mazurok V. A. , Mazokhina O. V. , Shelipanov D. A. , Mosoyan M. S. 
Published: July 2022

Background. Cerebral tissue oximetry (rSO2) can be used to assess cerebral circulation. Cerebral tissue oximetry studies have been performed in the Trendelenburg position (30º), but data for 45 o are not available.Objective. To study the effect of the Trendelenburg position (45°) under carboxyperitoneum conditions on rSO2 and hemodynamic parameters.Design and methods. A single-center, prospective, descriptive study was conducted among patients (n = 30) who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy. We measured rSO2 on the left and right, central venous pressure (CVP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), venous saturation at points: T1 — after induction of anesthesia and start of measurements; T2 — 5 minutes after positioning the patient in the Trendelenburg position of 45o; T3 — 15 minutes; T4 — 30 minutes; T5 — after returning to a horizontal position. Cerebral perfusion was assessed using cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP).Results. rSO2 on the right and left at points T2, T3 and T5 significantly exceeded T1. There was a significant increase in BP mean at T2 and T3, as well as a significant increase in CVP at T2, T3 and T4 compared to T1. The CPP significantly decreased compared to T1 at points T3, T4 and T5.Conclusions. The Trendelenburg position with a tilt angle of 45º in combination with carboxyperitoneum is accompanied by an increase in rSO2, blood pressure and CVP.
Las Personas Mayores en el Contexto de la Sociedad Paliativa. Algunas Reflexiones Desde la Filosofía de Byung-Chul Han
Authors: Martín Nuria Belloso 
Published: July 2022

Los tiempos pandémicos han traído pesadumbre y dolor por la enfermedad que ha conllevado el virus SARS-COV-2. Contagios, fallecimientos, secuelas de la enfermedad, han sacudido las estructuras del mundo globalizado, en mayor o menor medida. El escenario pandémico ha sido propicio para la reflexión filosófica y para revisar sistemas sociales y jurídicos que se han mostrado incapaces de ofrecer las respuestas necesarias.
Las personas mayores constituyen un grupo vulnerable prácticamente ignorado. Esta situación ha sacado a la luz un colectivo vulnerable, como es el de los ancianos, invisibilizado en muchas ocasiones y discriminado en otras, a quienes se les niega o ignora en los derechos que les corresponden. A partir de las obras del filósofo Byung-Chul Han, se dibujarán unas claves para justificar que debe rechazarse la discriminación y que son plenos sujetos de derecho. Temas como el miedo – que en el escenario pandémico todos han experimentado –, el tiempo, el dolor – del que todos huyen – y la muerte – de la que pocos quieren acordarse – permiten entender tanto la particular situación que se está viviendo a causa del Covid, como la particular forma de vivirlo y experimentarlo por parte de las personas mayores en el contexto de la sociedad paliativa. El objetivo del trabajo, a partir de las obras de Han, es ofrecer unas coordenadas adecuadas para hacer una llamada a la necesidad de dar rostro y voz a quien llega a la edad de senectud, e impeler a que, desde la ética del cuidado y desde el Derecho, se refuercen de los derechos que les asisten.
Membaca Pemikiran Taha Abdurrahman Tentang Etika Politik Islam
Authors: Rizky HK Muhammad 
Published: July 2022

This article will discuss the possibility to reconstruct the Islamic political ethics based on Taha Abdurrahman’s thought about ethics. As a field of study Islamic political ethics provide us the way out from normative perspective which seen the relation between Islam and state are just talking about khilafah as a system, and form of state to the ethic-substantive perspective which emphasize the implementation of the values of Islamic teachings in every political action. Taha Abdurrahman, which has been widely known as an Islamic Philosophers, and one of a biggest theoriest in ethic. The Authors tried to explore Taha’s thought on ethics to rebuild the Islamic political ethics.
Students' Perceptions of Online Vertebrate Anatomy Practicum
Authors: Saputri Elania Zoela , Agustiani Yunita , Faridah Siti , Ramadhani Alifia Putri , Saifuddin Much. Fuad , Ma'rifah Destri Ratna 
Published: July 2022

<p>Practicum has an essential role in learning biology, especially during online learning. Various forms of online practicum are sought, one of which is in the vertebrate anatomy course practicum. As a form of evaluation, it is necessary to know student perceptions of the online practicum process. The purpose of the study was to determine the quality of the online practicum process for vertebrate anatomy courses based on the perceptions of students participating in the practicum. This research is qualitative descriptive research. The data collection instrument used a questionnaire containing 12 statement items with a Likert scale using five choices. The study involved 34 students of the 2020 Biology Education Study Program, FKIP UAD, who had com­pleted the online practicum for the vertebrate anatomy course. The results showed that students' perceptions of understanding, aspects of practicum media, and aspects of the online practicum process for vertebrate anatomy courses gave a positive response. However, every aspect had to be improved again. The positive response of students' perceptions shows that the quality of the online practicum for the vertebrate anatomy course has met student expectations. Online practi­cums can be innovated to support the implementation of future practicums in conditions free from pandemics.</p><p> </p>
Retinal development and the expression profiles of opsins genes during larvae development in Takifugu rubripes
Authors: Zhang Qi , Wu Yumeng , Li Weiyuan , Wang Jia , Zhou Huiting , Zhang Lei , Liu Qi , Liu Ying , Yan Hongwei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The light sensitive capacity of fish larvae is determined by the structure of the retina and the opsins expressed in the retinal and non-retinal photoreceptors. In this study, the retinal structure and opsin expression patterns during the early development stage of Takifugu rubripes larvae were investigated. At around two days after hatching days (dah), the yolk sac of T. rubripes disappeared, the mouth was clearly visible and the larvae started swimming and feeding on rotifers. Histological examination showed that at 1 dah, seven layers were observed in the retina of T. rubripes larva, including the pigment epithelial layer (RPE), photoreceptor layer (PRos/is), outer nuclear layer (ONL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), inner plexiform layer (IPL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL). At 2 dah, optic fiber layer (OFL) can be observed, and all eight layers were visible in the retina. By measuring the thickness of each layer, opposing developmental trends were found in the thickness of ONL, OPL, INL and IPL, GCL and OFL. The nuclear density of ONL, INL and GCL and ratio of ONL/INL, ONL/GCL and INL/GCL were also measured and the ratio of ONL/GCL ranged from 1.9 at 2 dah to 3.4 at 8 dah and no significant difference was observed between the different developmental stages (p > 0.05). No significant difference was observed for the INL/GCL ratio between the different developmental stages, which ranged from 1.2 at 2 dah to 2.0 at 18 dah (p > 0.05). The results of quantitative real-time PCR showed that the expression of RH1, LWS, RH2, green opsin, SWS2, rod opsin, opsin3 and opsin5 could be detected from 1 dah. These results suggested that the well-developed retina and early expression of the opsins of T. rubripes during the period of transition from endogenous to mixed feeding might critical for vision-based survival skills during the early life stages after hatching.
Violations of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes: A multi-country analysis
Authors: Lutter Chessa K. , Hernández-Cordero Sonia , Grummer-Strawn Laurence , Lara-Mejía Vania , Lozada-Tequeanes Ana 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The marketing of formula milk as a substitute for breast milk continues to be ubiquitous and multifaceted despite passage by the World Health Assembly of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes in 1981. Among 3,124 pregnant women and mothers with young children, in eight countries, 64% reported exposure to promotion of products covered under the Code in the previous 6 months, primarily from advertisements seen outside of health facilities (62%). Nearly 20% of mothers with an infant < 6 months reported that a health care provider had advised them to feed their child food or drink other than breast milk, and 21% of providers reported contact with a representative of a formula company in the previous 6 months to distribute promotional materials, samples, or free supplies (range 2–53%). Of the 389 retail stores and pharmacies surveyed, promotions were observed in 63% (range 0–100%), and of 1,206 labels and inserts of products reviewed, nearly half included health and/or nutrition claims (range 0–100%). A strong, though non-significant, linear relationship between the composite violations score and quality of Code legislation was found; countries with the lowest percentage of violations had the strongest Code legislation. In Latin America, over 50% of health care providers reported no knowledge of the Code, and 50% reported no knowledge of national legislation. Our study highlights three key facts: 1) the marketing of breast-milk substitutes is ubiquitous and multifaceted, 2) the high variability of promotion across countries generally reflects the comprehensiveness of Code legislation, and 3) health care providers have poor knowledge of the Code and national legislation.
Craniofacial and Upper Airway Characteristics with Class III Malocclusion in 4-to 5-Year-Old Children in Shijiazhuang
Authors: Hu XiaoYing , Pan Cheung Gary. Shun. , Zhang YiYang , Sun RuoNan , Tang Hui , Dong FuSheng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
To provide a craniofacial and upper airway cephalometric characteristics of Chinese children analysis with Class III malocclusion (skeletal and dental) in 4-to 5-Year-Old Children in shijiazhuang, China.
Materials & methods
Lateral cephalographs of male and female groups of 78 children (aged from 3.5 to 5.5 years) with skeletal Class III (S III) malocclusion were compared to those of 64 children (aged from 3.5 to 5.5 years) with dental Class III (D III) malocclusion. 19 indicators were involved in which represented the maxilla、mandible and their relative position, the growth pattern of the mandible and the width of the upper airway. Wilcoxon two-sample test and Student's t-tests were performed to assess differences between S III malocclusion (group 1) and D III malocclusion (group 2) with SPSS 21.0.
Results
Significant differences were showed in the measurements as follows. Compared to the D III group, in the S III group, maxillary sagittal growth deficiency apparently localized around the point A, with the mandible being more excessive forward and less backward and downward rotation. (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference at the level of the nasopharynx sagittal diameter between the two groups. However, the data of tonsil plate at the level of the oropharynx sagittal diameter showed significant smaller in S III group than D III group. This difference extended down into the laryngopharynx.
Conclusions
In a word, for the skeletal Class III malocclusion 4–5 year children, the jaw disharmony assumed retruded maxilla and retrusive mid-face in the sagittal planes, narrow oropharynx and laryngopharynx upper airway, protracted mandible and shorter lower face height.
New model for intelligent breast cancer monitoring Summary
Authors: Pourmina Mohammad-Ali , Pour Javad Nouri , Moghaddasi Mohammad Naser , Ghalamkari Behbod 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Monitoring the patient's condition and diagnosing the type of disease are very important goals. Therefore, its analysis and evaluation is also very important, creating the necessary ability in specialists to evaluate the patient's condition in different treatment conditions has been important. Designing a robust network requires robust agents and topology. Here we show a model of monitoring the patient's condition and diagnosing the type of disease with robust agents and topology, which is here based on the type of relationship between agents. Agencies and capabilities have been able to design a robust network for diagnosing, analyzing and evaluating the patient's condition. By changing the possible parameters of the tumor status, we were able to evaluate the ability of the network in the identification process. This is a general criterion in the analysis of the patient's condition by specialists. The simulation results show that this network has the necessary strength to diagnose and treat the disease with good accuracy.
Trend in incidence and mortality of cancer, a high -risk area in Gansu province: Analysis of the 2010 to 2018 in Gansu Central Cancer Registry
Authors: Yuqin Liu , Haoran Yuan , Yitong Zhu , Gaoheng Ding , Niyazi Guzhanuer , Gongjian Zhu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The incidence and mortality of cancer in Gansu Province remain high, especially the digestive system tumors have long been in the top 5, and there is a rising trend. This paper uses the cancer registration data in Gansu Province from 2010 to 2018 to analyze the trend of trend changes, and provides information for the government basis for decision-making.Methods: The registration data of cancer incidence, death and population data reported by 23 cancer registration sites in Gansu Province in 2021 were collected, and the data of 15 registration sites met the quality control standards. The incidence (mortality) rate, age-standardized incidence(mortality) rate, cumulative rate(0~74 years old) were calculated according to gender, areas(urban and rural) and age groups. The age-standardized rate was calculated and adjusted by Chinese standard population in 2000(ASIRC, ASMRC) and world standard(Segi’s) population(ASIRW, ASMRW), respectively. Joinpoint Regression Program was used to estimate the annual percentage change（APC），and average annual percentage change（AAPC） to analyze the temporal trends of annual all cancer incidence and mortality rates.Results: In 2018, the number of new cancer cases in Gansu was 13 592, with an incidence rate of 252.98/105, ASIRC and ASIRW were 189.79/105 and 205.89/105 respectively; there were 7,568 cancer deaths in the province, with a mortality rate of 140.86/105, ASMRC and ASMRW were 103.40/105 and 116.83/105 respectively. The ASIRC and ASMRC in urban areas were lower than those in rural areas. The incidence of cancer in males and females peaked in the 80-84 and 75-79 age groups, respectively, and the mortality rates of cancer in both males and females peaked in the 80-84 age groups. From 2010 to 2018, the ASIRC of cancer in the cancer registration areas of Gansu Province showed a downward trend (AAPC, -1.7%, 95%CI, -4.4%-10%), and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). ASMRC showed a downward trend (AAPC, -3.9%, 95%CI,-10.0%-2.7%), the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusions: Digestive tract cancer, lung cancer and female breast cancer have high morbidity and mortality in Gansu Province, and are the main cancer types for the prevention and control of cancer in Gansu Province. According to the epidemic characteristics of cancer, multi-dimensional joint efforts should be made to promote the prevention of cancer populations in our province and reduce the disease burden of cancer in Gansu Province.
Allele mining, evolutionary genetic analysis of TaHKT1;5 gene and evaluation of salinity stress in selected lines of wheat.
Authors: Thiyagarajan Karthikeyan , Mathur Prem Narain , Vikram Prashant , Sehgal Deepmala , Valluru Ravi , Govindan Velu , Rahman Hifzur , Thapa Dhruba Bahadur , Pantha Sumitra , Galeffi Patrizia , Latini Arianna , Cantale Cristina , Porceddu Enrico , Joshi Arun Kumar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
HKT 1;5 gene is a known gene associated with the salinity tolerance in plants upon the discrimination of K+ over Na+ in leaves without change in Na+ concentration in roots. This gene was sequenced in a diverse collection of bread wheat, durum wheat, wild relatives, and ditelosomic lines. Sequence analysis in bread wheat led to the identification of four alleles, which could be distinguished by the number of SNPs. Sequence comparison between bread wheat and Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that the HKT1;5 gene is conserved at the level of exonic regions; however, the presence of transposable elements especially in intronic regions is further intriguing towards evolutionary relatedness. Two paralogous or major alleles observed in Triticum monoccum and Aegilops tauschii were further categorized as sub-alleles based on their SNPs comparison. This gene was absent in T. urartu following existing evidence, while an allelic variant in A. speltoides in its exon1 region causing a frameshift mutation with altered amino acids and genomic database mining unveiled additional alleles in this species. Ditelosomic lines with 4DL and 4DS chromosomes revealed a higher similarity with bread and durum wheat respectively. Phenotyping based salinity stress experiment distinguished the unknown lines for salinity tolerance and sensitiveness in comparison with known reference lines and a possible allelic comparison was made. The salinity stress analysis further revealed that some known drought/heat tolerance lines showed slightly better salinity tolerance with mean values and variability of traits than the known saline tolerant wheat line at controlled ambient.
Evaluation of chitosan composite beads for adsorption of gatifloxacin antibiotic compound from aqueous solutions
Authors: Dutta Joydeep , Mala Aijaz Ahmad , Kyzas George D 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the present study, chitosan (C), walnut (W) and almond shell (A) powder were combined in different ratios to produce low-cost composite adsorbent beads for the removal of antibiotics gatifloxacin (GAT) from synthetic wastewater. The beads were characterized by a Scanning electron microscope, Fourier transforms infrared spectrum spectrophotometer and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The batch adsorption approach was employed to remove the antibiotic from the water. Moreover, isotherm and kinetics were conducted to illustrate the adsorption mechanism. Parameters like the effect of the adsorbent’s dosage, pH, initial concentration and contact time on antibiotic adsorption were evaluated. Adsorption percentage increased slightly with the increase in adsorbent dosage. The optimum pH for GAT adsorption on beads was 5–7. In addition, adsorption increased with initial antibiotic concentration and time rise. The adsorption isotherm data were successfully fitted to Langmuir isotherm for AWC and CAW beads, while WAC beads followed the Freundlich isotherm. The highest adsorption was attained at pH 5 on CAW beads and pH 7 on AWC and WAC beads. The optimal contact time for equilibrium studies was 120 min for all types of beads. The adsorption isotherms data in AWC beads fit well with the Langmuir model and Freundlich adsorption for CAW and WAC beads. The rate of adsorption on beads follows Lagergren pseudo-second-order kinetics. The results indicate that prepared combination beads can be used to remove antibiotics from wastewater.
Socio-cultural Determinants of HIV/Aids Transmission: Implications For Prevention in Fundong Health District, North West Region Of Cameroon.
Authors: OyongAkom Calvin Ncha 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction Despite the efforts put in place by the Cameroon government to prevent the spread of HIV in Cameroon, new cases of infection keep increasing over the years. This is partly because the cultural aspect as a predisposing factor to the transmission of the virus is always neglected. The study was aimed at identifying cultural determinants that leads to the transmission of HIV, including sexual behaviors and challenges HIV patients face. The purpose is to present empirical evidence for stake holders and policy makers to utilize in order to curb the spread of HIV. Methods A descriptive cross sectional study design was used where 288 HIV patients were randomly selected from HIV patients visiting Fundong District Hospital and St. Martin de Porres Catholic General Hospital, Njinikom . A consent form was signed by all those who participated in the research. A self-administered or nurse administered questionnaire was the sole instrument for data collection and the data was analysed with the use of SPSS Inc. version 22. An ethical clearance from the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Enugu, Nigeria was obtained for the study. Authorization from the Regional Delegate of Public Health for the NWR of Cameroon was obtained. Authorizations from the administrators of St Martin de Porres Catholic General Hospital Njinikom and Fundong District Hospital were given which were the centres for the collection of data. Results Cultural determinants discovered were; the existence of wife inheritance (90.3%), extra marital sex for pregnancy (52.2%), and wife sharing in the community (17.27%). More than half of the subjects (52.8%) did not use condoms because of refusals by their partners (P<0.05). A shocking majority (90.97%) of the subjects reported that men have more than one sexual partners in the community. The main challenge faced by patients was poverty as responded by a majority (53.28%). Conclusions It can be concluded that harmful cultural practices of wife inheritance, wife sharing and extra marital sex for pregnancy exist in Fundong health district. Male dominance of women leads to non-use of condoms. HIV patients face the problem of transportation to the treatment centres due to poverty. Therefore rural women should be empowered economically and traditional leaders receive education on the risk of harmful cultural practices in the transmission of HIV. Key words Culture, HIV, Fundong, Cameroon