bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grouping women of South Asian ethnicity for pregnancy research in New Zealand
Authors: De Graaff Esti , Sadler Lynn , Lakhdhir Heena , Simon‐Kumar Rachel , Peiris‐John Roshini , Burgess Wendy , Okesene‐Gafa Karaponi , Cronin Robin , Mccowan Lesley , Anderson Ngaire 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThe New Zealand (NZ) Ministry of Health ethnicity data protocols recommend that people of South Asian (SAsian) ethnicity, other than Indian, are combined with people of Japanese and Korean ethnicity at the most commonly used level of aggregation in health research (level two). This may not work well for perinatal studies, as it has long been observed that women of Indian ethnicity have higher rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as perinatal death. It is possible that women of other SAsian ethnicities share this risk.AimsThis study was performed to identify appropriate groupings of women of SAsian ethnicity for perinatal research.Materials and MethodsNational maternity and neonatal data, and singleton birth records between 2008 and 2017 were linked using the Statistics NZ Integrated Data Infrastructure. Socio‐demographic risk profiles and pregnancy outcomes were compared between 15 ethnic groups. Recommendations were made based on statistical analyses and cultural evaluation with members of the SAsian research community.ResultsSimilarities were observed between women of Indian, Fijian Indian, South African Indian, Sri Lankan, Bangladeshi and Pakistani ethnicities. A lower‐risk profile was seen among Japanese and Korean mothers. Risk profiles of women of combined Indian‐Māori, Indian‐Pacific and Indian‐New Zealand European ethnicity more closely represented their corresponding non‐Indian ethnicities.ConclusionsBased on these findings, we suggest a review of current NZ Ministry of Health ethnicity data protocols. We recommend that researchers understand the risk profiles of participants prior to aggregation of groups in research, to mitigate risks associated with masking differences.
Impact of body mass index on total cost of trauma and elective spine surgical procedures at a quaternary spinal referral centre
Authors: Eason Josephine A. , Vandal Alain , Patel Alpesh U.C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundEvidence surrounding obesity concludes it places a significant burden on the healthcare sector. Our objective was to quantify the financial impacts of obesity, specifically the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and total cost of spinal surgery. The links between BMI and length of stay, readmission and theatre times were explored. It was predicted that with increasing obesity, total cost would increase.MethodsRetrospective review of patients that received spinal surgery at Middlemore Hospital between 1 October 2017 and 30 November 2019. Data were collected on patient demographics, procedure details, total cost, as well as potential variables (trauma, acute/elective, surgical complexity, readmissions, comorbidities, injury severity). Data were fitted using linear and generalized linear models, with BMI fitted using natural splines.ResultsObesity prevalence in South Auckland was reflected in the study population of 533, with the average BMI being 30.16. Results for BMI less than or equal to 24, and above 48, were statistically significant (P = 0.037, 95% CI). Total cost increased on either side of BMI 33.1. BMI 18 had 60% increase in total cost (95% CI (17, 118)) and BMI 55 of 38.3% (95% CI (−8.3, 109)).Positive associations were found with increasing BMI and induction time and readmission rate respectively. The relationship between BMI and length of stay and other variables were not significant.ConclusionThe relationship between BMI and total cost is non‐linear and there is an increase in induction time with higher BMI patients.
Beauty
Authors: Tate Shirley Anne 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBeauty is not race neutral. It is a racialized category/ perception which emerged through centuries of European colonization, Indigenous genocide, African/Black enslavement and indenture resulting in an aesthetic hierarchy with Blackness at the bottom. The coloniality of aesthetics means that still today hair perceived as Black in texture and styling and darker skin on African descent bodies are the repositories of anti‐Blackness. However, Black women, children and men continue to fight back by (re)creating Black antiracist aesthetics focused on valorizing Black skin and hair.
Mitogen‐activated protein kinase inhibition augments the T cell response against HOXB7‐expressing tumor through human leukocyte antigen upregulation
Authors: Komatsuda Hiroki , Wakisaka Risa , Kono Michihisa , Kumai Takumi , Hayashi Ryusuke , Yamaki Hidekiyo , Sato Ryosuke , Nagato Toshihiro , Ohkuri Takayuki , Kosaka Akemi , Ohara Kenzo , Takahara Miki , Katada Akihiro , Kobayashi Hiroya 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHomeobox B7 (HOXB7) is a master regulatory gene that regulates cell proliferation and activates oncogenic pathways. Overexpression of HOXB7 correlates with aggressive behavior and poor prognosis in patients with cancer. However, the expression and role of HOXB7 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain unclear. In this study, we observed that most samples from patients with oropharyngeal cancer and HNSCC expressed HOXB7. As no direct inhibitor has been reported, we identified a potent peptide epitope to target HOXB7‐expressing tumors through immune cells. A novel HOXB7‐derived peptide epitope (HOXB78–25) elicited antigen‐specific and tumor‐reactive promiscuous CD4+ T cell responses. These CD4+ T cells produced γ‐interferon (IFN‐γ) and had the direct ability to kill tumors through granzyme B. Notably, downregulation of HOXB7 using siRNA enhanced human leukocyte antigen class II expression on tumor cells by decreasing the phosphorylation of MAPK. Mitogen‐activated protein kinase inhibition augmented IFN‐γ production by HOXB7‐reactive CD4+ T cell responses without decreasing the expression of HOXB7. These results suggest that combining HOXB7 peptide‐based vaccine with MAPK inhibitors could be an effective immunological strategy for cancer treatment.
Nivolumab‐induced radiation recall pneumonitis in non‐small‐cell lung cancer patients with thoracic radiation therapy
Authors: Noda‐Narita Shoko , Naito Tomoyuki , Udagawa Hibiki , Goto Koichi , Miyawaki Taichi , Mamesaya Nobuaki , Nakashima Kazuhisa , Kenmotsu Hirotsugu , Shimokawaji Tadasuke , Kato Terufumi , Hakozaki Taiki , Okuma Yusuke , Nakamura Masaki , Nakayama Yuko , Watanabe Hirokazu , Kusumoto Masahiko , Ohe Yuichiro , Horinouchi Hidehito 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe role of previous thoracic radiation therapy as a risk factor of immune‐related pneumonitis is unclear. Furthermore, some patients develop radiation recall pneumonitis, which is characterized by a radiation pneumonitis‐like imaging pattern with consolidation progressing within a previous radiation field. In this multicenter retrospective study, we analyzed the relationship of previous thoracic radiation therapy with immune‐related pneumonitis and the characteristics of radiation recall pneumonitis. The medical records of patients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer who had received nivolumab between December 2015 and March 2017 at five institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Incidence, imaging patterns, clinical course, and risk factors of immune‐related pneumonitis and radiation recall pneumonitis were evaluated. A total of 669 patients were evaluated, and the incidences of all‐grade and grade 3 or higher immune‐related pneumonitis were 8.8% and 2.6%, respectively. The incidences of immune‐related pneumonitis were 13.2% (34/257) and 6.1% (25/412) in patients with and those without previous thoracic radiation therapy, respectively. A history of previous thoracic radiation therapy was associated with immune‐related pneumonitis (odds ratio, 2.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.21–3.69 in multivariate analysis). Among the patients with previous thoracic radiation therapy, 6.2% (16/257) showed radiation recall pattern. This study found an increased risk of nivolumab‐induced immune‐related pneumonitis associated with a history of thoracic radiation therapy. Radiation recall pattern was one of the major patterns of immune‐related pneumonitis among the patients with previous thoracic radiation therapy. Incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcome of radiation recall pneumonitis were elucidated.
The identification of a novel CCNQ gene tail extension variant contributing to syndactyly, telecanthus and anogenital and renal malformations syndrome
Authors: Che Ruochen , Wang Chunli , Huang Songming , Zheng Bixia , Li Huixia , Cheng Xueqin , Zhao Fei , Ding Guixia , Jia Zhanjun , Zhang Aihua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe “toe syndactyly, telecanthus and anogenital and renal malformations” (STAR) syndrome is a rare X‐linked dominant inherited kidney ciliopathy caused by CCNQ gene mutations. Here, we investigated the genotype and phenotype in the first two twin sisters with a novel tail extension CCNQ variant in Asia. Genetic variants of the pedigree were screened using whole‐exome sequence analysis and validated by direct Sanger sequencing. The genetic function was investigated through cultured cells and zebrafish embryos transfected with mutant. The proband is suffered from end‐stage renal disease, telecanthus, scoliosis, anal atresia, bilateral hydronephrosis pyeloureter dilation and hearing loss, while her twin sister had milder phenotypes. A novel heterozygous variant c.502_518delinsA (p.Val168SerfsTer173) in CCNQ gene was identified in the twins and their asymptomatic mosaic mother. The concurrent deletion of 17 bases and insertion of one base variant led to the loss of 5 amino acids, subsequently caused a 96 more amino acids tail extension delaying the appearance of stop codon. The loss‐of‐function variant of CCNQ not only led to the impaired expression of cyclin M but also increased the binding affinity of CDK10‐cyclin M complex, which is different from the previous study. The research expanded the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of STAR syndrome.
Novel View Synthesis Of Transparent Object From a Single Image
Authors: Zhou Shizhe , Wang Zezu , Ye Dongwei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe propose a method for converting a single image of a transparent object into multi‐view photo that enables users observing the object from multiple new angles, without inputting any 3D shape. The complex light paths formed by refraction and reflection makes it challenging to compute the lighting effects of transparent objects from a new angle. We construct an encoder–decoder network for normal reconstruction and texture extraction, which enables synthesizing novel views of transparent object from a set of new views and new environment maps using only one RGB image. By simultaneously considering the optical transmission and perspective variation, our network learns the characteristics of optical transmission and the change of perspective as guidance to the conversion from RGB colours to surface normals. A texture extraction subnetwork is proposed to alleviate the contour loss phenomenon during normal map generation. We test our method using 3D objects within and without our training data, including real 3D objects that exists in our lab, and completely new environment maps that we take using our phones. The results show that our method performs better on view synthesis of transparent objects in complex scenes using only a single‐view image.
Gut bacterial profiles in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review
Authors: Li Zhe , Liang Hongfeng , Hu Yingyu , Lu Lin , Zheng Chunye , Fan Yuzhen , Wu Bin , Zou Tao , Luo Xiaodong , Zhang Xinchun , Zeng Yan , Liu Ziyan , Zhou Zhicheng , Yue Zhenyu , Ren Yi , Li Zhuo , Su Qiaozhen , Xu Pingyi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionRecent advances have highlighted the relationships between gut dysbiosis and Parkinson's disease (PD). Microbiota transplantation from PD patients to mice can induce increased alpha‐synuclein‐mediated motor deficits. Human studies have identified differences in the gut microbiota of PD patients compared to healthy controls. We undertook a systematic review to evaluate the available evidence for the involvement of gut bacteria in the etiology of PD.MethodsThe PubMed databank, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure databank, and Wanfang Data were searched from inception until June 2021 to identify human case–control studies that investigated relationships between PD and microbiota quantified from feces. We evaluated the resulting studies focusing on bacterial taxa that were different between PD patients and healthy controls.ResultsTwenty‐six studies were found in which 53 microbial families and 98 genera exhibited differences between patients with PD and healthy controls. The genera identified by more than two studies as increased in PD were Bifidobacterium, Alistipes, Christensenella, Enterococcus, Oscillospira, Bilophila, Desulfovibrio, Escherichia/Shigella, and Akkermansia, while Prevotella, Blautia, Faecalibacterium, Fusicatenibacter, and Haemophilus had three or more reports of being lower in PD patients. More than one report demonstrated that Bacteroides, Odoribacter, Parabacteroides, Butyricicoccus, Butyrivibrio, Clostridium, Coprococcus, Lachnospira, Lactobacillus, Megasphaera, Phascolarctobacterium, Roseburia, Ruminococcus, Streptococcus, and Klebsiella were altered in both directions.ConclusionOur review shows that the involvement of the gut microbiome in the etiology of PD may involve alterations of short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs)‐producing bacteria and an increase in putative gut pathobionts. SCFAs‐producing bacteria may vary above or below an “optimal range,” causing imbalances. Considering that Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Akkermansia are beneficial for human health, increased Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the PD gut microbiome may be associated with PD medications, especially COMT inhibitors, while a high level of Akkermansia may be associated with aging.
Effects of riparian forest and agricultural land use on stream fish diet and trophic position
Authors: Effert‐Fanta Eden L. , Chow Shaun L. , Wahl David H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo examine agricultural impacts on stream food webs, we used gut content analysis (GCA) and stable isotope analysis (SIA) to investigate the influence of riparian forest buffers on the diet and trophic position of five stream fish species in a row‐crop agricultural watershed. Six study streams were divided into two categories (forested and agricultural) based on percentages of riparian forest and agriculture in the watershed. Results suggest alterations in riparian vegetation (forested vs. cropland) had strong impacts on instream characteristics and basal resources that affected prey abundances and fish trophic structure. Although differences varied among species, GCA revealed fish in forested streams had a more diverse diet that included greater numbers of terrestrial invertebrates and aquatic invertebrate predators, whereas fish in agricultural streams consumed more aquatic herbivores and decapods. Diet shifts of the omnivorous creek chub followed differences in basal resource biomass, with greater proportions of algae consumed in agricultural sites contrasted by greater detritus consumed in forested sites. SIA Bayesian mixing‐model results supported diet differences shown by GCA, including higher contributions of terrestrial invertebrates to fish diets in forested streams. However, the isotopic overlap of aquatic invertebrates in agricultural streams limited diet contribution comparisons. SIA indicated fish trophic position was higher in forested than agricultural streams for all species, but GCA was required to identify that greater consumption of predatory prey likely caused this widespread change in fish trophic structure. Results highlight the benefits of integrating SIA and GCA and the importance of riparian forests to stream fishes in agricultural watersheds.
High Ca and P homeostasis ensure stable forage Ca:P following historical nitrogen inputs in a temperate steppe
Authors: Kang Nian‐Qian , Hu Yan‐Yu , Guo Yu‐Heng , Zhang Zhi‐Wei , Yin Jiang‐Xia , Lü Xiao‐Tao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCalcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) are essential nutrients for plant growth, with consequences on ruminant diet and health. Their balance in forage, as indicated by Ca:P ratio, is important for the absorption and utilisation of both elements by livestock. While nitrogen (N) deposition has been globally observed, it is declining or is projected to decline due to controls on N emissions in many countries. It is an open question whether N inputs would have legacy effects on forage Ca and P nutrition in grasslands. Here, we examine the changes of Ca and P concentrations and Ca:P ratio in plants and soils in a temperate steppe for three continuous years (2016 ~ 2018) following historically 6 years N inputs (2008 ~ 2013) with a gradient ranging from 0 to 20 g N m−2 year−1. Soil extractable Ca concentrations significantly decreased with increasing N addition rates in all the 3 years, but soil available P concentrations increased and Ca:P ratio decreased only in 2016. Ca and P nutrition varied greatly amongst the four plant functional types, but they were generally conservative across the historical N addition rates, due to the high stoichiometric homeostasis. Furthermore, plant Ca and P concentrations and Ca:P ratios at the community level showed no significant variation along the N addition gradient. Our results highlighted the role of plant Ca and P homeostasis in ensuring stable Ca and P nutrition in forage following historical N inputs in temperate grasslands.
Likelihood‐Based Inference for the Finite Population Mean with Post‐Stratification Information Under Non‐Ignorable Non‐Response
Authors: Zangeneh Sahar Z. , Little Roderick J. 
Published: October 2022

SummaryWe describe models and likelihood‐based estimation of the finite population mean for a survey subject to unit non‐response, when post‐stratification information is available from external sources. A feature of the models is that they do not require the assumption that the data are missing at random (MAR). As a result, the proposed models provide estimates under weaker assumptions than those required in the absence of post‐stratification information, thus allowing more robust inferences. In particular, we describe models for estimation of the finite population mean of a survey outcome with categorical covariates and externally observed categorical post‐stratifiers. We compare inferences from the proposed method with existing design‐based estimators via simulations. We apply our methods to school‐level data from California Department of Education to estimate the mean academic performance index (API) score in years 1999 and 2000. We end with a discussion.
Physicochemical, nutritional, and sensory characteristics of Chenopodium album, ashwagandha, flaxseed, and Giloy fortified bun
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Arora Shubhangi , Kumar Vinod , Joshi Saloni , Naik Bindu , Bisht Bhawna , Tomar Mahipal Singh , Gururani Prateek 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis investigation was focused on the fortification of the bun with an optimized ratio of Chenopodium album, ashwagandha, flaxseeds, and giloy. Totally, five formulations were prepared along with control, that is, Bb1, Bb2, Bb3, Bb4, and CRWFB. The result of sensory evaluation revealed that C. album, ashwagandha, flaxseeds, and giloy fortified bun Bb4 with 50% of C. album paste received the highest OA and was followed by Bb1with 20% C. album paste without any aftertaste while control, that is, CRWFB lacked in flavor, taste, and sponginess as well as scored lowest in overall acceptability. The fortified buns have higher ash content, protein content, and carbohydrate content compared with the control while having lower water activity. The fortified buns have higher total phenolic content and energy compared with the control except for Bb1. The results showed that the use of C. album, ashwagandha, flaxseeds, and giloy had a positive influence on the physicochemical, nutritional, and sensory characteristics of fortified buns.Novelty impact statement

Buns were prepared with the incorporation of Chenopodium album, ashwagandha, flaxseeds, and giloy as Bb1, Bb2, Bb3, and Bb4.

Chenopodium album, ashwagandha, flaxseeds, and giloy had a positive influence on the physicochemical, nutritional, and sensory characteristics of fortified buns.

Nutritionwise Bb4 signifies an enhancement in nutritional as well as functional characteristics.
Disseminated histiocytic sarcoma in a squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus)
Authors: Sakurai Masashi , Yamamoto Yukihiro , Tamaru Masae , Shimoda Hiroshi , Sakai Yusuke , Morimoto Masahiro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA 14‐years‐old squirrel monkey was euthanized due to weakness. Histopathological examination revealed multifocal growth of oval cells with severe atypia in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. The neoplastic cells were positive for histiocytic markers (Iba1, HLA‐DR, CD204). This is the fourth case of histiocytic sarcoma in non‐human primates.
The economics of long‐term care. An overview1
Authors: Klimaviciute Justina , Pestieau Pierre 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWith the rapid increase in long‐term care (LTC) needs, it is important to assess the expected contributions of the traditional providers of LTC: the state, the market and the family. We first survey the literature devoted to the family and the market. Then, given the declining role of family caregiving and the negligible role of the market, we look at a number of studies exploring the design of public policies in support of the dependent elderly, particularly those who cannot count on the assistance from their family and those who lack basic means. Those public policies are conceived in such a way that they also rely on both the market and the family.
TWIST1 regulates proliferation, migration, and invasion and is a prognostic marker for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: de Morais Everton Freitas , de Farias Morais Hannah Gil , de Moura Santos Edilmar , Barboza Carlos Augusto Galvão , Téo Fábio Haach , Salo Tuula , Coletta Ricardo D. , de Almeida Freitas Roseana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundEpithelial–mesenchymal transition is one of the main mechanisms for tumor progression and metastasis. Transcription factors such as TWIST1 are key regulators of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition and are regarded as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of cancer. The purpose of this study was to examine TWIST1 as a possible epithelial‐mesenchymal transition‐related prognostic biomarker in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas, as well as the biological behavior of TWIST1‐silencing in oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas cell lines.MethodsImmunohistochemical analysis of TWIST1, E‐cadherin, and N‐cadherin was carried out in 47 samples representing oral epithelial dysplasia and 41 oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas. The suppression of TWIST1 expression was performed using shRNA‐expression vectors in HSC‐3 and SCC‐9 cells to investigate in vitro the impact of TWIST1 on proliferation, apoptosis, viability, migration, and invasion of SCC‐9 and HSC‐3 cells.ResultsThe expression of nuclear TWIST1 was significantly higher in oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas than in oral epithelial dysplasis (p < 0.0001), whereas TWIST1 in the cytoplasm was more expressed in oral epithelial dysplasis (p = 0.012). The high cytoplasmic expression of TWIST1 was significantly associated with shortened overall survival (p < 0.05), and increased nuclear TWIST1 expression was significantly related to high risk of recurrence (p = 0.03). Knockdown of TWIST1 in oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas cells induced the expression of E‐cadherin and inhibited N‐cadherin, which were followed by decreased proliferation, migration, and invasion.ConclusionsOur research suggests that TWIST1 is linked to the development of oral tongue carcinogenesis and may be used as a prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas patients.