bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Essential…but also vulnerable? Work intensification, effort/reward imbalance, fatigue and psychological health of Spanish cargo drivers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Montoro Luis , Cendales Boris , Alonso Francisco , Gonzalez-Marin Adela , Lijarcio Ignacio , Llamazares Javier , Useche Sergio A. 
Published: March 2022

Objective
This study investigates the combined effect of the Effort/Reward Imbalance (ERI) model of stress and work intensification within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological health (general and work-related fatigue, and psychological strain) of cargo drivers, one of the most demanded workforces during the first year of this pandemic.

Methods
For this cross-sectional research, the data provided by n = 1,013 professional drivers from the different 17 autonomous communities (regions) of Spain were analyzed. Participants answered a questionnaire composed of the short version of the Effort Reward Imbalance (ERI) questionnaire, a Work Intensification Scale (WIS) designed for this study, the fatigue subscale of the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS), the Need for Recovery after Work Scale (NFR), and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ).

Results
Hierarchical regression analyses show that both (ERI and work intensification) models significantly predict driver’s fatigue and psychological strain. The effect of work intensification exists above and beyond the effect of effort/reward imbalance, which has been previously related to the safety performance of cargo drivers.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that the ERI and work intensification models can be complementarily used, especially in scenarios introducing substantial changes in the work environment, such as the COVID-19 crisis. Also, the results of this study support the need to intervene in the working conditions of professional drivers in order to improve their psychological health and well-being during both pandemic and post-pandemic times, as crisis-related management interventions are necessary to promote health and safety in professional drivers in potentially similar contexts in the future.
Production of Cellulase and Amylase Enzymes in both Solid and Liquid States by Two Species of Fungi
Authors: O. Jesubunmi Christianah, , Ogbonna James O. 
Published: March 2022

Aims: To isolate fungi capable of simultaneous production of amylase and cellulase
Study Design: The experiment was carried out in aseptic conditions, data were subjected to one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the means were separated using Least Significance Deference (LSD).
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria, between August 2010 and July 2013.
Methodology: Plantain peels and infected bark of the stump of a tree were collected for fungi isolation. A 1 g sample each was weighed separately and added to 10 ml distilled water, 1 ml of each of the diluents was plated out on Emerson’s yeast phosphate soluble starch (YPSs) medium. After growth, colonies were picked and subcultured several times for purity. The isolates were characterized and identified based on colony morphology and microscopic examination. They were later screened for amylase and cellulase activities by growing them on various concentrations of starch and carboxymethyl cellulose
Results: Amylolytic and cellulosic fungi were isolated from plantain peels and infected bark of a tree. The isolates were identified as Rhizopus and Fusarium sp and they were able to produce amylase and cellulase simultaneously. The enzyme activities were determined on various concentrations of starch and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in liquid medium. At 2 % starch + 0 % CMC, enzymes activities were 127.44 U/ml and 144.59 U/ml glucoamylase and 356.43 U/ml and 263.63 U/ml cellulase for Rhizopus and Fusarium sp respectively. When the organisms were grown on a solid medium (koji) supplemented with various concentrations of CMC, there was an increase in cellulase activities as CMC increased. Cellulase activity of 1902.02 U/g was recorded by Rhizopus sp at 1.5 g CMC supplementation and 1481.18 U/g was from Fusarium sp at 1 g CMC supplementation, but highest glucoamylase activities of 322.68 U/g and 302.12 U/g were recorded for Rhizopus and Fusarium spp respectively at 1 g CMC supplementation. Glucoamylase activities were not significantly affected by CMC supplementation in solid state culture.
Conclusion: The result of the study showed that the isolates were able to produce amylase and cellulase enzymes in appreciable quantities and therefore can find usefulness in industrial application of these enzymes.
Effect of Coadministration of Lambda Cyhalothrin and Different Local Spices on Testicular Histology in Swiss Mice
Authors: Olubunmi Obulor Adetutu , Orlu Eme Efioanwan , Veronica Adeleke Martina Toritse 
Published: March 2022

Aim: This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of coadministration of lambda cyhalothrin and different local spices on testicular histology in Swiss mice
Experimental Design: A completely randomized experimental design using standard methods for analysis.
Location and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. GPS 4o47'50''N 6o58'49''E The study lasted for 14days.
Methodology: Forty-two male mice were randomly selected into six (6) groups A-F (n=7/group). Group B were gavage 10mg/kg/bw/day of lambda cyhalothrin (LCT) alone. Group C, D, and E were gavaged 10mg/kg/bw/day of LCT and 20mg/kg/bw/day of Tetrepleura tetraptera, Piper guineense, and Xylopia aethiopica respectively, while group F received 10mg/kg/bw/day of LCT and 20mg/kg/bw/day of combination of the three spices. All animals were allowed access to cool clean water and standard rat pellet ad libitum. Twenty-four hours to the termination of the experiment, feed was withdrawn from the animals. From each mouse, 0.5g of testis was fixed in 10% formalin and sectioned with a Digital Microtome at 5µm thick and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H &E). Photomicrographs were generated with a digital Microscope Biosphere Miller B with an image processor DN2 – Microscopy Image processing Software at X40 magnification.
Results: Histological analysis of the testes reveal epithelium devoid of spermatogenic element in group B animals administered lambda cyhalothrin only, depicting that LCT impaired spermatogenesis in the mice. In group C the seminiferous epithelium had normal spermatogenic cell complement comparable to the control in group A. In group D, E and F there was gradual regeneration of the interstitial cells of leydig and the accompanying repopulation of the seminiferous epithelium. This reveals that Tetrapleura tetraptera seem to have a greater antioxidant and therapeutic effect against the cyhalothrin-induced reproductive toxicity in exposed animals compared to Piper guineense and Xylopia aethiopica. Therefore, uncontrolled dietary inclusion of Piper guineense and Xylopia aethiopica is not advised as it may hinder spermatogenesis in males. Also, regulatory bodies should ensure that people and wildlife are not exposed to pesticides and insecticides at levels that may cause adverse effects by restricting the handling of such pesticides to Professionals.
Microfinance Financial Strategies and Business Growth of Women Entrepreneurs in Gboko, Benue State Nigeria
Authors: Fabian Anoke Amechi , Isyaku Okpanaki Ibrahim, 
Published: March 2022

Aim: This study aims to determine the effect of microfinance financial strategies on business growth of women entrepreneurs in Gboko, Benue state, Nigeria.
Study Design. The study adopted the survey research design to achieve the objective of the study since data are to be obtained from predefined group of respondents who are staff of registered MFBs in Gboko, Benue State.
Place and Duration of Study: The study covers 7 Registered Microfinance Banks (RMFBs) in Gboko, Benue State Nigeria; between January 2021 and January 2022.
Methodology: The population was 395 Staff of RMFBS; it is a census study since the population is the same as sample size. The questionnaire was the only instrument of data collection used in the study to collect data from sampled respondents who are junior (208), medium (139) and top staff (48) of the sampled banks. Regression was used to analyize the formulated hypotheses.
Results: The study revealed that there is a strong association between soft loan financial strategy and women entrepreneurs’ business growth; loan repayment strategy has a substantial influence on the women entrepreneurs’ business growth, while management training strategy has no major effect on the growth of women entrepreneurs’ businesses in Gboko, Benue State.
Conclusion: The study concluded that soft loan financial strategy and loan repayment strategies are vibrant strategic tools for achieving women entrepreneurs’ business growth in Gboko, Benue State, Nigeria. The study recommended among others that Microfinance Banks in Gboko should increase the number of soft loans administered to women entrepreneurs’ for optimal growth of their business since this is seen as a catalyst for women entrepreneurs’ business growth and sustainability in a depressed economy like Nigeria.
Forecast Analysis of Ghana’s Gross Domestic Product in Economic Growth using Time Series ARIMA
Authors: Borbor B. S. , Brew L. 
Published: March 2022

This paper analyses Ghana’s gross domestic product using time series Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA). Time series analysis involves the application of statistical models to time series data and is useful for analysing the dynamics of Gross domestic product. The Ghana’s Gross domestic products (GDP) from 1980 to 2020 were obtained from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) datasets. Box Jenkins’s methodology of time series analysis was employed to analyse the data. The autocorrelation function (ACF) and partial autocorrelation function (PACF) plot suggested an Autoregression of order one AR(1). The (ARIMA) models were obtained using the minimum AIC criteria. Model diagnostics tests were performed using Ljung-Box test. The paper established that Ghana’s GDP will incline throughout the period of 2021-2025.
Diet and Cardiovascular Disease: Venous Thrombo-embolism
Authors: Agarwal Shashi K. 
Published: March 2022

Venous thromboembolism is responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality. It is estimated to be the second most common medical complication, the second most common cause of prolonged hospitalisation, and the third most common cause of excess mortality. Recurrences are common. Anticoagulation is usually given for three months. However, inefficiency and major bleeding is often noted. External compression devices and balloon or direct thrombectomy and insertion of inferior vena cava filters are also available. Increasing data indicate that diet may play an important role in preventing venous thromboembolism. Obesity, which is significantly related to diet, may contribute to 30% of all venous thromboembolism cases. Further, plant-based diets, such as the Mediterranean, prudent, and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diets are related to a lower incidence of venous thromboembolism. This manuscript reviews the published literature on the relationship of various dietary components and dietary patterns, and their impact on the development and progression of venous thromboembolism.
In vivo Chemosuppressive effects of Combinations of Three Nigerian Ethnomedicinal Antimalarial Plants
Authors: Odediran Samuel Akintunde , Ehigie Adeola Folasade , Akadiri Simbiatu Oyinda , Abiola Bamikole Ridwan , Adeniyi Ridwan , Adeoti Ridwan , Aladesanmi Joseph Adetunji 
Published: March 2022

Aims: Appropriate ratios for combining some African ethnomedicinal plants with proven anti-plasmodial activity were determined with the aim of obtaining herbal remedies with higher efficacies.
Place and Duration of the Study: Study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacognosy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife Nigeria.
Study Design: Infusions of dried powders of three Nigerian ethnomedicinal plants, Eugenia uniflora leaf, Gongronema latifolium root and stem and Artocarpus altilis stem bark, were separately evaluated and in varied combination ratios for their anti-plasmodial activities
Methodology: The infusions were separately prepared, concentrated in vacuo, freeze-dried and evaluated at 400mg/kg against Plasmodium berghei berghei parasites, using the Peter’s four-day chemosuppressive mice model. Normal saline and chloroquine (10mg/kg) were negative and positive controls, respectively. 2- and 3-combinations of the infusions were similarly tested.
Results: Of the 2-plant combination ratios, 1:1, 1:3, 2:3 of EG and GA elicited percentage chemo suppressions which were comparable (P=.28; P=.07) to those of the single drugs. Only the EG ratios gave activities that were comparable (P=.28) to the positive control in addition to double survival times and high survivor values by EG 2:3 and GA 1:3. However, those of the EA group, gave relatively low values, barely above 20% with only the ratios 2:3 and 3:2 giving values which were significantly (P=.00) higher than negative control with double survival times. The 3-plant combination ratios, EGA 2:1:2 and 3:3:2 gave suppressions that were significantly (P=.00) higher than the negative control with others but comparable (P=.33) activities to those of the individual drugs. The other ratios with low suppression values were relatively inactive. But three ratios, EGA 3:1:2, 2:1:1, 1:1:1 elicited survival times doubled (204, 242 and 202 %) that of the negative control without commensurate high antiplasmodial activities.
Conclusion: Ethnomedicinal antimalarial plants should not be combined without a data of previous scientific evaluations.
Effect of Establishment Methods and Nutrient Management Practices on Growth Characters and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Kumar G. Santhosh , Kumar R. Mahender , Sreenivas A. , Jayasree G. , Ramesh T. 
Published: March 2022

Aim: Study was conducted to compare and to identify the best combination of rice crop establishment method and nutrient management in terms of crop growth, development and yield.
Study Design: Experiment was laid out in splitplot design.
Place and Duration of Study: The field experiments were conducted at the research farm of Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India during the kharifand rabiseasons of 2011-12 and 2012-13.
Methodology: The treatments consisted of four establishment methods (System of rice intensification (SRI), modified drum seeder, normal drum seeder and normal transplanting) as main plot treatments and four nutrient management practices (100% recommended dosage of nitrogen (RDN) through inorganic, 75% RDN through inorganic+ 25% RDN through organic, 50% RDN through inorganic+50% RDN through organic and 100% RDN through organic) as sub plot treatments with 16 treatment combinations and three replications. The semi dwarf, high yielding Sampada variety was raised during the study period.
Results: Growth parameters like plant height, leaf area index (LAI), dry matter accumulation, number of tillers per square meter were observed at 45,75,105 days after transplanting and at harvest stages. The two years experimental results and the pooled mean data revealed that SRI recorded significantly superior growth parameters at all the crop growth stages followed by modified drum seeder. In respect of subplots 50% RDN through inorganic+50% RDN through organic resulted in superior growth parameters and yield.
Conclusions:The combination of SRI with nutrient management practice 50% nitrogen through urea and 50% nitrogen through vermiconpost resulted in greater growth parameters and grain yield.
Effect of Production Factors on Growth and Yield of Rabi Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)
Authors: Satish P. , Sudharani C. 
Published: March 2022

An experiment was carried out at Agricultural Research Station, Tandur, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU) for three consecutive years viz. 2014-16, 2015-16 and 2016-17 to study the Effect of production factors on growth and yield of rabi sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) during the winter seasons. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with nine treatments comprised of T1: Control only improved hybrid CSH-15-R T2: Full package of practices (FPP) T3: FPP without Irrigation T4: FPP without Fertilizer T5:FPP without Weed Control T6: FPP without -Plant protection T7: FPP without seed treatment with PSB and azospirillum T8 : FPP without Thinning T9 : FPP without Improved variety (only local variety) with three replications. The pooled results of the trial indicated that there was 32% yield reduction when the improved sorghum hybrid was grown without using all the full package of practices. (i.e., over FPP). The gross returns of rupees 115615 ha-1, net returns of rupees 91655 ha-1 and benefit cost ratio of 3.83 were recorded highest with all the full package of practices.
The control is recommended to be the local variety). This is the All India Coordinated research network project conducted across India without any changes in the hybrid and is predominantly successful production factor over the variety which is released for its performance over the existing suitable varieties for testing.
Profiling of Few of the Tea Accessions on Physiological Growth and Stress Tolerance
Authors: Burhagohain Alija , Gogoi Aditi Smith 
Published: March 2022

Tea [Camellia sinensis(L) O Kuntz] is one of the oldest, most widely consumed and least expensive natural beverages, known to the world over for its heritage brew with various flavor and antioxidant properties. The productivity of tea in world as well as in India has been raised by developing high yielding clones and seed stocks but the genetic base of the existing diversity of the crop is rapidly narrowing down. In present scenario, apart from yield and quality, physiological parameters and abiotic stress tolerance are also raising up to be the most important environmental indicator impacting on sustainability and productivity of tea. In the published research work, an effort was made to characterize and estimate the variation of 20 tea germplasm named as THT1 to THT20, growing in the Experimental Garden for Plantation Crops, AAU, Jorhat on the basis of growth parameters and abiotic stress tolerance capability of tea.
In the experiment all the germplasm showed highly significant difference amongst them regarding growth parameters, pigment content and on abiotic stress tolerance. THT 1, THT 10, THT 3 contained higher total chlorophyll and THT 4, THT 10, THT 20 showed high carotene content. In case of growth parameters THT 11, THT 7, THT5 showed higher plucking point density whereas THT 11, THT 17, THT 7 showed good abiotic stress tolerance with high value of proline content, relative turgidity, water saturation deficit and epicuticular wax content.
When clustering was done based on abiotic stress tolerance, pigment and growth parameters respectively, THT11 and THT 17 are found to form a discriminated cluster in the dendogram. The parameters taken especially for abiotic stress tolerance study may be subjected to environmental factors for which more elaborated field trial may be required for these clones to assess their yield and quality parameters.
Comparative Study of the Antimicrobial Properties of Fresh and Freeze-Dried Leaf and Seed of Buccholzia coriacea
Authors: Ajayi M. G. , Ajayi O. D. , Ayoade W. G , Daramola G. O. 
Published: March 2022

The utilization of plant materials as alternative therapies to control pathogenic bacteria has recently attracted. The effect of the fresh seed, freeze-dried seed, fresh leaf and freeze-dried leaf of using ethanol and aqueous extracts was tested on some organisms using standard laboratory procedures. The bacteria used were Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Klebsella pneumonia and oryzae, while the fungi used were Trichoderma harzionium, Fusconium oxysporium, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium notatum. The results showed that the ethanol extracts of B. coriacea fresh seed showed inhibitory zones ranging from 2–12 mm, while the aqueous extract showed inhibitory zones ranging from 2-10 mm. The ethanol extracts of B. coriacea freeze dried seed showed inhibitory zones ranging from 5–38 mm, while the aqueous extract showed inhibitory zones ranging from 4-36 mm. The ethanol extracts of B. coriacea fresh leaf showed inhibitory zones ranging from 2–26 mm, while the aqueous extract showed inhibitory zones ranging from 2-24 mm. The aqueous and ethanol extracts of B. coriacea freeze dried leaf showed inhibitory zones ranging from 3-40mm respectively. The study conclude that the aqueous and ethanol extract of freeze dried seed of B. coriacea showed better antifungal and antibacterial activity against the test organisms compared with the aqueous and ethanol extract of fresh seed of B. coriacea. Similarly, the aqueous and ethanol extract of freeze dried leaf of B. coriacea showed better antifungal and antibacterial activity against the test organisms compared with the aqueous and ethanol extract of fresh leaf of B. coriacea. The ethanol extract showed better antifungal and antibacterial activity than aqueous extract.
The Energy of Conjugate Graph of a Dihedral Group
Authors: Mahmud M. S. , Tal Pokalas P. , Idris M. Z. , Malle A. A. 
Published: March 2022

Let \(\Gamma_{D_{2 n}}^{C}\) and \(E(\Gamma)\) denote the conjugate graph of a dihedral group of order \(2 n(n \in \aleph)\) and the energy of a graph respectively. The sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of an adjacency matrix's eigenvalues is the energy of a graph. In this paper, we use group representation of a dihedral group of order 2n with its conjugacy classes to explicitly design admissible conjugate graphs. We further introduced the general formula for the energy of conjugate graphs of dihedral groups in various circumstances. Also, we deduced the general formula for the conjugate graph of generalized dihedral groups of order 2n depending on the nature of n.