bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Completion Damage
Authors: Fleming Niall , Taugboel Knut , Mathisen Anne-Mette , Braadland Ova , Kaarigstad Håvård 
Published: April 2022

Summary
Formation damage has received significant attention over many years as one of the primary reasons for well productivity impairment, to the detriment of completion damage. The objective of this paper is to redress this imbalance and to focus on the significant contribution that completion damage has on well productivity. Formation damage is a reduction in inflow performance because of damage to the near wellbore, while completion damage is an increased pressure drop affecting the lower completion (e.g., plugging of sand screens and frac-packs). A completion damage classification system is presented for the first time that relates this damage type to the typical lower completion designs used by Equinor throughout well lifetime. In addition, a review of some of the fluid qualification tests involving completion damage either directly or indirectly has been performed to assess how representative these are. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was identified as a useful tool to assess how representative testing was.
Fluid compatibility. CFD was used to determine the displacement efficiency from drilling to completion fluid in a candidate well, and hence the mixing ratio of drilling fluid to completion fluid to be used in compatibility tests. Furthermore, CFD simulations provided an indication of the likely shear rates occurring during displacement that were later used in the testing. Fluid stability. To determine the influence of sag on fluid displacement efficiency, CFD was used to model the worst-case situation where all the weighting agents came out of suspension.
Using the displacement efficiency and shear rates obtained, a new dynamic completion damage test was devised to determine the potential for screen plugging as this is the most common lower completion used by Equinor. This test uses the same equipment as coreflooding except that the plug is removed, and a screen is inserted. Finally, an overview will be presented with recommendations of how Equinor’s approach to completion damage has changed because of this study, with an increased focus on achieving a better balance in the evaluation of formation and completion damage prior to the drilling and completion of wells.
Diaphragm UltraSound with innovative tecniques and parameters: valuable predictors of the outcome of extubation from mechanical ventilation. An observational pilot study on patients affected by Covid-19 related ARDS
Authors: Gagliardi Veronica , Butturini Angelo , Ferraro Gioconda , Gagliardi Giuseppe 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Because both early and delayed weaning are associated with increased mortality, longer stay in the ICU and higher economic costs, determining the optimal moment of extubation is necessary. However, weaning failure is extremely common: about 20% of mechanically ventilated patients confront weaning failure and require reintubation. Ultrasound Sonography (US) is an available bedside tool that allows rapid assessment and visualization of the different structures involved in spontaneous breath. M-mode ultrasonography can be useful for the assessment of diaphragm kinetics, providing valuable information about diaphragm disfunction. Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to find a correlation between the value of the acceleration of the diaphragm detected with the US M-mode and the outcome of the weaning. Secondly, we want to assess if this value could be predictive of success or failure in weaning. Materials and methods: We have enrolled 19 patients admitted in our ICU between March 2020 and April 2021. Each patient underwent the trial with the ultrasound M-mode to assess the acceleration of the diaphragm during the contraction: once we have measured the time and the speed from the graph obtained by US M-mode, we have calculated the value of the acceleration for each patient. Then, we have analyzed the results relating them to the outcome of the weaning. Results: While 11 of our patients have had a successful weaning, 8 have failed it. This result does not seem to correlate neither with the sex and the age of the patients, nor with the time of intubation, the time of ICU stay or the duration of positivity for SARS-CoV2. Instead, we can see that both positive and negative outcomes are associated to different values of acceleration Discussion: our study has demonstrated that an assessment of the diaphragm using US could well represent a usable and effective technique. US is an available bedside technique, cost effective and even though operator-dependent, repeatable, as we have focused on the detection of objective and measurable parameters. To sum up, we can demonstrate that the acceleration is related both to the force generated by the diaphragm contraction, and to the transdiaphragmatic pressure, a reliable measure rarely employed to decide the timing of weaning. Our technique could be therefore related to the measure of transdiaphragmatic pressure, but with the advantage of being non-invasive. Conclusions: In conclusion, the acceleration could well be a useful parameter to consider regarding the prediction of success or failure in weaning.
Macroclimate data over-estimate species range shifts in response to climate change
Authors: Maclean Ilya , Early Regan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The expectation that places with suitable climate will lie outside the current range of many species has shaped 21st century conservation policy and led to predictions of numerous extinctions. We show that the magnitude of range shifts is often overestimated because the climate data typically used do not reflect the microclimatic conditions that many organisms experience. We model the historic (1977–1995) distributions of 302 plant taxa using both macro- and microclimate data and project these distributions forward to present day (2002–2020). Whereas macroclimate models predicted major range shifts (mean: 9.2 km per decade), microclimate models predicted localised shifts into favourable microclimate (mean: 88 m per decade) that more closely match observed patterns of establishment and extinction. In consequence, improving protecting of refugial populations within species’ existing geographic range is likely to be more effective for many species than assisted translocations and overhaul of protected area networks.
Differences between gridded population data impact measures of geographic access to healthcare in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Hierink Fleur , Boo Gianluca , Macharia Peter , Ouma Paul , Timoner Pablo , Levy Marc , Tschirhart Kevin , Leyk Stefan , Oliphant Nicholas , Tatem Andrew , Ray Nicolas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Access to health care is imperative to health equity and well-being. Geographic access to health care can be modelled by combining different spatial datasets, among others, on the distribution of existing health facilities and populations. Several population datasets are currently available, but their impact on accessibility analyses is unknown. In this study, we model the geographic accessibility of public health facilities at 100-meter resolution in sub-Saharan Africa and explore the effect of six among the most popular gridded population datasets on coverage statistics at different administrative levels. We found differences in accessibility coverage of more than 70% at the sub-national level, based on a one-hour travel time threshold. Differences are significant in large and sparsely populated administrative units, dramatically shaping patterns of health care accessibility at the national and sub-national level. The results underscore an essential source of uncertainty in accessibility analyses that should be systematically assessed in policy-making.
Natural Product P57 Induces Hibernation-like State through Targeting Pyridoxal Kinase
Authors: Dang Yongjun , Wang Rui-Na , Xiao Lei , Pan Jianpo , Zhu Di , Wang Jun , Pei Chengfeng , Ma Qinfeng , Bao Guangsen , Wang Ziruoyu , Zhu Mengdi , Wang Guoxiang , Gong Ling , Tong Qiuping , Jiang Min , Hu Junchi , He Miao , Wang Yun , li Tiejun , Li Wei , Liang Chun-Min , Li Zengxia , Ma Dengke , Tan Minjia , Liu Jun-Yan , Jiang Wei , Luo Cheng , Yu Biao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Hibernation/torpor enables certain mammals to survive under extreme environmental conditions. However, pharmacological induction of hibernation-like or torpor state in most mammals remains a huge challenge. Here we show that a natural product P57 promptly induces hypothermia and decreases energy expenditure in rodents. Mechanistically, P57 inhibits the kinase activity of pyridoxal kinase (PDXK), a key metabolic enzyme of vitamin B6 catalyzing phosphorylation of pyridoxal (PL), resulting in the accumulation of PL in hypothalamus to cause hypothermia. The hypothermia induced by P57 is significantly recuperated in the mice with knockout of PDXK in medial preoptic area (MPA). We further found that P57 and PL have consistent effects on gene expression regulation in hypothalamus, and both directly activate MPA neurons to induce hypothermia. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that P57 has a potential application in therapeutic hypothermia through regulation of vitamin B6 metabolism and PDXK serves as a previously unknown target of P57 in thermoregulation. In addition, P57 may serve as a chemical probe for exploring the neuron circuitry related to hibernation-like state in rodents.
A thalamostriatal parvalbumin interneuron circuit suppresses risky reward-motivated behaviors and is disengaged by opioids
Authors: Vollmer Kelsey , Green Lisa , Grant Roger , Winston Kion , Doncheck Elizabeth , Bowen Christopher , Paniccia Jacqueline , Clarke Rachel , Tiller Annika , Siegler Preston , Siemsen Benjamin , Denton Adam , Jhou Thomas , Rinker Jennifer , Scofield Michael , Otis James 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Suppression of dangerous or inappropriate reward-motivated behaviors is critical for survival, whereas therapeutic or recreational opioid use can unleash risky behavioral actions and addiction. Nevertheless, the neuronal systems that suppress maladaptive motivated behaviors remain unclear, and whether opioids disengage those systems is unknown. Using two-photon calcium imaging in vivo, we identify paraventricular thalamostriatal neuronal ensembles that are inhibited upon sucrose self-administration and seeking, yet these neurons are tonically active when behavior is suppressed by a fear-provoking predator odor, a pharmacological stressor, or inhibitory learning. Electrophysiological, optogenetic, and chemogenetic experiments reveal that thalamostriatal neurons innervate accumbal parvalbumin interneurons through synapses enriched with calcium permeable AMPA receptors, and activity within this circuit is necessary and sufficient for the suppression of sucrose seeking regardless of the behavioral suppressor administered. Furthermore, systemic or intra-accumbal opioid injections rapidly dysregulate thalamostriatal ensemble dynamics, weaken thalamostriatal synaptic innervation of downstream parvalbumin interneurons, and unleash reward-seeking behaviors in a manner that is reversed by genetic deletion of thalamostriatal µ-opioid receptors. Overall, our findings reveal a thalamostriatal to parvalbumin interneuron circuit for the suppression of reward seeking that is rapidly disengaged by opioid-driven inhibition of presynaptic thalamostriatal neurons.
Magnet-free nonreciprocal metasurface for on-demand bi-directional phase modulation
Authors: Yang Weihao , Qin Jun , Long Jiawei , Yan Wei , Yang Yucong , Li Chaoyang , Li En , Hu Juejun , Deng Longjiang , Du Qingyang , Bi Lei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Unconstrained by Lorentz reciprocity, nonreciprocal metasurfaces are uniquely capable of encoding distinctive optical functions on forward- and backward-propagating waves. The nonreciprocal metasurfaces reported to date require external electric or magnetic field biasing or rely on nonlinear effects, both of which are challenging to practically implement. Here, we propose and experimentally realize a magnet-free, linear, and passive nonreciprocal metasurface based on self-biased magnetic meta-atoms. Record transmittance up to 77% and operation angle reaching ±64˚ are experimentally demonstrated. Moreover, on-demand bidirectional phase modulation in a “LEGO-like” manner is theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated, enabling a cohort of nonreciprocal functionalities such as microwave isolation, nonreciprocal beam steering, nonreciprocal focusing, and nonreciprocal holography. The design can also be extended to MHz and optical frequencies, taking advantage of the wide variety of self-biased gyrotropic materials available. We foresee that the nonreciprocal metasurfaces demonstrated in this work will have a significant practical impact for applications ranging from nonreciprocal antennas and radomes to full-duplex wireless communication and radar systems.
Network Pharmacology-based Analysis on Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy by Berberine
Authors: Wang Ting-Hua , Li Na , Fu Cong , Chen Jin-Lin , Guo Xi-Liang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The diabetic retinal injury model was established. After treatment with berberine, OCT and water maze were measured, and 10 genes were screened out by 4D-DIA quantitative proteomic analysis. Heat map difference analysis and molecular docking were performed. The key words "diabetic retinal injury" were input in PubMed, and the related genes queried were combined with the results of 10 screened proteome analysis to conduct PPI protein interaction. Then GO and KEGG analyses were performed with the interacting genes. Results :OCT results showed that the outer nucleus, inner layer and outer accessory layer of RPE were thickened after berberine treatment. The results of water maze experiment showed that after berberine treatment, the learning and cognitive function of BBR group rats was significantly higher than that of DM group on day 5. By screening proteome analysis data and making Venny cross map, 10 genes could be obtained and heat map could be made. Dennd1a and Utp6 were down-regulated in diabetes group. Atp7a, Ppl, Ogn, Nsmcel, Mme, Lmo4, Ca1 and Fn1 were upregulation, and the berberine treatment group was opposite to the diabetic group. Molecular docking results showed that berberine and berberine could form stable molecular binding patterns except Fnl, Ogn and Utp6 target proteins. 343 genes were searched through PubMed keywords, and 353 genes were combined for PPI protein interaction, and 331 genes were obtained for mutual relationship, which were analyzed by GO and KEGG. Conclusion: Berberine has protective effect on diabetic retina injury.
Association between Childcare disagreements with children, Life Satisfaction, and Loneliness among the migrant elderly following children in Jinan, China
Authors: Zhao Yang , Kong Fanlei , Li Shixue 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: More and more migrant elderly following children (MEFC) appeared as the fast urbanization and population aging in China. This study aimed to explore the association between childcare disagreements with children, life satisfaction and loneliness of MEFC in Jinan, China, and furtherly provide evidence-based suggestions for China's aging policy. Methods: A total of 656 MEFC (36.7% males and 63.7% females) were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling in Jinan, China. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Descriptive analysis, T test, F test and structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted in this study. Results: Childcare disagreements with children was found to be positively significantly associated with loneliness of the MEFC, and a greater impact was found among MEFC without temporary residence permits (TRP) than those had TRP. There was a significant negative correlation between the life satisfaction and loneliness among the MEFC. Childcare disagreements with children was found to be negatively associated with life satisfaction of the MEFC. Conclusion: Childcare disagreements with children was found to be positively corelated with the loneliness of MEFC, while life satisfaction was negatively corelated with the loneliness of MEFC. Besides disagreement with their children was negatively associated with life satisfaction of MEFC. More psychological care from children and less conflicts in raising up grandchildren are needed to lower the loneliness of the MEFC.
Trial of labor following cesarean in preterm deliveries: success rates and maternal &amp; neonatal outcomes- a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Rotem Reut , Hirsch Ayala , Barg Moshe , Mor Pnina , Michaelson-Cohen Rachel , Rottenstreich Misgav 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate rates of vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) among parturients attempting preterm trial of labor following a cesarean delivery (TOLAC) vs. term TOLAC.Methods: A multicenter historic cohort study at two university-affiliated centers between August 2005 and March 2021. Parturients in their 2nd delivery, attempting TOLAC after a single low segment transverse cesarean delivery (CD) were included. We retrospectively examined computerized medical records of all preterm (<37 weeks) and term (37-42 weeks) births. Multifetal gestations and post-term deliveries (≥42 weeks) were excluded. A univariate analysis was conducted followed by a multivariate analysis. Results: 4,865 second deliveries following previous CD were identified; 212 (4.4%) preterm and 4653 (95.6%) term. Hypertensive disorders, diabetes and fertility treatments were significantly more prevalent in the preterm group. VBAC rate was significantly lower in preterm group (57.5% vs 79.7%., p<0.01), including both spontaneous and vaginal-assisted deliveries. In multivariate analysis, preterm TOLAC was independently associated with TOLAC failure [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.24, [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.62-3.09]. Overall, maternal outcomes were favorable. Rates of uterine rupture, re-laparotomy and post-partum hemorrhage were comparable between groups. Neonatal outcomes were less favorable among the preterm group, however, preterm vs. term TOLAC was not associated with low 5-minute Apgar score (aOR 1.76, 95% CI 0.92-3.40).Conclusion: In our study, VBAC rates were lower in preterm compared to term deliveries. Maternal outcomes were comparable. Neonatal outcomes were less favorable in the preterm group, more likely due to prematurity than delivery mode.
Effect of Date Molasses on Levetiracetam Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Rats
Authors: Dayyih Wael Abu , Layth Raghad , Hailat Mohammad , Alkhawaja Bayan , AlTamimi Lina , Zakaraya Zainab , Aburumman Aseel , Dmour Nisreen Al , Al-Matubsi Hisham , Saadh Mohamed , Aldalaen Saed 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Eighteen healthy eight-week-old male Wister rats weighing 200 g were used. Rats were chosen randomly, their tails were identified, and separated into cages/groups. The first group received 0.1 mL of levetiracetam intravenously. The second received an oral dose of 11.5 mg of levetiracetam in 5 mL of water, and the third was the control group. . One week of pre-administered date molasses significantly decreased levetiracetam pharmacokinetic parameters in rats, as Cmax (72 vs. 14 ng/mL, p=0.01), Tmax (1.78 vs. 0.44 hr, p<0.001), and AUC (880 vs. 258 ng.h/mL, p<0.001). This decrease in plasma levetiracetam levels caused by date molasses could be attributed to decreased levetiracetam absorption. On the other hand, the current study discovered that rats given date molasses for a week had a reduced rate and extent of absorption. Polysaccharides in date molasses could theoretically increase the risk of epileptic seizures. When taking levetiracetam to stop epileptic seizures, doctors and patients should be told not to overdose.
Kinetics of immune responses elicited after three mRNA COVID-19 vaccine doses in predominantly antibody-deficient individuals.
Authors: Ainsua-Enrich Erola , Pedreño-Lopez Nuria , Bracke Carmen , Avila-Nieto Carlos , Concepcion Maria Luisa Rodriguez de la , Pradenas Edwards , Trinite Benjamin , Marfil Silvia , Miranda Cristina , Gonzalez Sandra , Toledo Ruth , Font Marta , Benet Susana , Escriba Tuixent , Jimenez-Moyano Esther , Peña Ruth , Cedeño Samandhy , Prado Julia G , Mothe Beatriz , Brander Christian , Izquierdo-Useros Nuria , Vergara-Alert Julia , Segales Joaquim , Massanella Marta , Benitez Rosa Maria , Romero Alba , Molina-Morata Daniel , Blanco Julia , Clotet Bonaventura , Mateu Lourdes , Pedro-Botet Maria Luisa , Carrillo Jorge 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Mass vaccination campaigns have reduced the incidence and severity of COVID-19. However, there is limited information about how patients with predominantly antibody-deficiencies (PAD) respond to COVID-19 vaccination. Here, we evaluated humoral and cellular responses developed in SARS-CoV-2-naïve PAD individuals after three mRNA-1273 vaccine doses.
Methods
Patients and healthy controls (HCs) were immunized at week 0 (w0) and w4. PAD individuals received an additional dose at w24. Blood samples were collected at w0, w4, w8, w24, and/or w28. We determined levels of anti-Spike and anti-RBD antibodies, Spike-specific IgG avidity, and neutralizing activity (Wuhan-Hu-1, Delta, and Omicron variants). Cellular responses were evaluated by IFN-γ ELISpot and flow cytometry.
Results
Unclassified primary antibody-deficiency patients (unPAD, n = 9) and HCs developed comparable vaccine-induced humoral responses. However, common variable immunodeficiency patients (CVID, n = 12) showed lower antibody responses than HCs. While the frequency of Spike-specific CD4 + T cells was similar between PAD patients and HCs, CD8 + T cells responses were reduced in CVID individuals. Both PAD groups showed lower levels of Spike-specific IFN-γ-producing T-cells. Combined immunodeficiency (CID, n = 1) and thymoma with immunodeficiency (TID, n = 1) patients developed cellular but not humoral responses after two immunizations. The third vaccine dose boosted humoral responses in most PAD patients, but had little effect on cellular immunity.
Conclusion
mRNA-1273 vaccine-induced immune responses in PAD individuals are heterogeneous, depend on the type and degree of antibody-deficiency, and should be immunomonitored to define a personalized vaccination strategy.
Broadband Mechanoresponsive Liquid Metal Sensors
Authors: Scheideler William , Rahman Md Saifur , Huddy Julia , Hamlin Andrew 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Stretchable electronics have the fundamental advantage of matching the complex geometries of the human body, providing novel opportunities for real-time biomechanical sensing. We report a new method for high frequency AC-enhanced resistive mechanical sensing that leverages the deformability of liquid metals to enhance low-power detection of mechanical stimuli in wearable electronics. The fundamental mechanism for this enhancement is the geometrical modulation of the AC skin effect, which induces current crowding at the surface of a liquid metal trace. This method can be applied in combination with DC sensing to quantitatively pinpoint varying mechanical modes of deformation such as stretching in-plane and compression out-of-plane that are otherwise impossible to distinguish by traditional methods. This novel sensing method, which we explore by FEA simulations, is experimentally employed in a glove to detect various hand gestures and tactile forces as well as a respiratory sensor band to measure breathing rate. Moreover, this AC sensor inherently uses lower power, enabling a new generation of efficient wearable radio-frequency (RF) systems for haptics and biomedical sensing.