bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The hematopoietic tissue of the freshwater crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus: organization and expression analysis
Authors: Kruangkum Thanapong , Söderhäll Kenneth , Söderhäll Irene 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The hematopoietic tissue (HPT) and anterior proliferation center (APC) are the main hemocyte-producing organs of the freshwater crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus. To deepen our understanding of immune responses to various pathogens, it is essential to identify distinct hemocyte subpopulations with specific functions and to further explore how these cells are generated. Here we provide an in-depth histological study of the HPT and APC in order to localize cell types in different developmental stages, and to provide some information regarding the hemocyte differentiation in the crayfish. We localized mRNA expression of previously identified genes in the HPT/APC and hemocytes by RNA-FISH. The expression of hemolectin and transglutaminase 1 was shown to be co-localized in a high number of the HPT cells, while transglutaminase 2 was expressed in different cell types mainly associated with epithelium or endothelium. Furthermore, by double RNA-FISH for hemolectin and a previously unidentified PDGF-like factor, combined with immunostaining for prophenoloxidase, we could identify several different subtypes of hemocytes, indicating that the immune function of hemocytes in crayfish is more diversified and complex than previously appreciated.
A comprehensive study of fisheye image compression and perception for autonomous driving
Authors: Barakat Basem , Sobh Ibrahim , Wong Chup-Chung , Islam Muahmmad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Fisheye cameras are widely used in various fields, including automotive contexts for

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near-field vision around vehicles, as well as in photography, robotics, underwater imaging, and virtual reality. However, conventional image compression techniques do not take into account the specific characteristics of fisheye images, such as radial distortion and wide-angle field of view, especially when operating at low bit rates. This can lead to degradation of image quality and distortion of geometric features that are essential for computer vision (CV) applications such as object detection, semantic segmentation, and motion estimation. Recent studies have highlighted the impact of various noise factors on automotive camera sensors, the challenges of correcting radial lens distortion, and the effects of image compression artifacts on fisheye camera visual perception tasks. In this work, a comprehensive study of fisheye image compression and perception using deep learning-based techniques is conducted. It is demonstrated that deep learning-based techniques achieve better compression performance and perceptual quality than conventional techniques, particularly at low bitrates crucial for automotive applications.
Cytokine dynamics and quality of life: unraveling the impact of cell-free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy in ovarian cancer patients
Authors: Ito Rikako , Kagabu Masahiro , Sato Sho , Takatori Eriko , Kaido Yoshitaka , Nagasawa Takayuki , Shoji Tadahiro , Hirayama Takashi , Terao Yasuhisa , Baba Tsukasa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The quality of life (QOL) of ovarian cancer patients is often impaired by refractory ascites. Cell-free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy (CART) is a palliative treatment for refractory ascites, but adverse events, such as fever, are problematic. Several cytokines have been suggested to be responsible for the adverse events, but they have not been investigated in detail. Thus, we comprehensively analyzed cytokines in ascites fluid (AF) and serum before and after CART to determine the influence of cytokines on the safety and efficacy of CART.

Methods
Thirteen ovarian cancer patients with refractory malignant ascites who underwent CART were enrolled. We comprehensively analyzed 27 cytokines in AF and serum before and after CART. Simultaneously, vital measurements, blood tests, adverse event recordings, and QOL assessments were performed to examine the relationships between the cytokines in AF and serum.

Results
Interleukin (IL)-5, IL-6, IL-10, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels were increased in the concentrated AF and in the serum immediately after reinfusion, but they decreased after 24 h. Body temperature also increased immediately after reinfusion, and decreased after 24 h. The CRP level at 24 h after reinfusion was increased, and was positively correlated with the IL-6 level. A QOL assessment using the Cancer Fatigue Scale revealed significantly lower scores after CART.

Conclusions
The results indicate that the cytokine-induced fever and increased inflammatory response after CART were temporary, and that CART is safe. Additionally, QOL improved after CART. Thus, CART appears safe and effective for treating patients with refractory cancerous ascites.
A word of caution in the functional monitoring of patients after rectal cancer surgery: a multicentre observational study
Authors: Planellas P. , Fernandes-Montes N. , Golda T. , Alonso-Gonçalves S. , Elorza G. , Gil J. , Kreisler E. , Abad-Camacho M. R. , Cornejo L. , Marinello F. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Patients with rectal cancer often experience adverse effects on urinary, sexual, and digestive functions. Despite recognised impacts and available treatments, they are not fully integrated into follow-up protocols, thereby hindering appropriate interventions. The aim of the study was to discern the activities conducted in our routine clinical practice outside of clinical trials.

Methods
This multicentre, retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery between January 2016 and January 2020 at six tertiary Spanish hospitals.

Results
A total of 787 patients were included. Two years post surgery, gastrointestinal evaluation was performed in 86% of patients. However, bowel movements per day were only recorded in 242 patients (46.4%), and the values of the Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS) questionnaire were recorded in 106 patients (20.3%); 146 patients received a diagnosis of fecal incontinence (28.2%), while 124 patients were diagnosed with low anterior resection syndrome (23.8%). Urogenital evaluation was recorded in 21.1% of patients. Thirty-seven patients (5.1%) were detected to have urinary dysfunction, while 40 patients (5.5%) were detected to have sexual dysfunction. A total of 320 patients (43.9%) had their quality of life evaluated 2 years after surgery, and only 0.8% completed the Quality of Life questionnaire. Medication was the most used treatment for sequelae (26.9%) followed by referral to other specialists (15.1%).

Conclusions
There is a significant deficit in clinical follow-ups regarding the functional assessment of patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery. It is crucial to implement a postoperative functional follow-up protocol and to utilize technologies such as Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) to enhance the evaluation and treatment of these sequelae, thereby ensuring an improved quality of life for patients.
Can indigenous carabid beetles confer biotic resistance to invasion of native grassland remnants by alien slugs?
Authors: Kapuscinski NK , Nash Michael A. , Morgan John W. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Invasive alien slugs alter plant community assemblages via selective herbivory, yet evidence of their impacts on indigenous plant species in threatened Australian native grasslands are scarce. Carabid beetles have been explored as biocontrol agents of pest slugs in agriculture, with native grassland habitat adjoining agricultural fields thought to be a potential source of beneficial carabid predators. The association between indigenous carabid beetles and invasive alien slugs within remnant native grassland vegetation patches, however, is unquantified. Studies were conducted to identify (i) The extent and determinants of slug invasion into remnant native grassland, and (ii) Whether carabid beetles can confer biotic resistance to native plant species in remnant grasslands. The interaction between alien slugs, carabid beetles and a rare grassland forb was explored in microcosm experiments to test the hypothesis that carabid beetles, by regulating slug herbivory, influence plant survival and growth. Slugs were found at 90% of the remnant native grasslands surveyed; carabid beetles were infrequent and their active abundance was low. There was little evidence that landscape or site-level parameters influence slug density, although species-specific patterns were apparent for the two most abundant slug species. This may reflect the importance of propagule pressure from source populations (the agricultural matrix) affecting slug invasion success, suggesting that native grassland habitat features are of secondary importance. The microcosm experiments provided evidence that slug herbivory may significantly impact the survival of a native forb at the seedling stage, but less so at a mature plant stage. We found that carabid beetles can markedly reduce the impact of alien slugs on plants, provided that encounters between the two taxa occurs. Interactions in the field are likely to be density-dependent such that beneficial impacts of carabid beetles are only apparent when their abundance is high. The high abundance of alien slugs in remnant grasslands, and lack of evidence for biotic resistance via carabid beetle predation, indicates that grassland conservation management may need to include slug baiting to mitigate the potential for negative impacts of slugs on seedling recruitment of threatened native plant species.
Rapid response of moss-associated nitrogen fixation to nutrient additions in tropical montane cloud forests with different successional stages
Authors: Clasen Lina Avila , Alvarenga Danillo Oliveira , Wang Yinliu , Andersen Rune Fromm , Rousk Kathrin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNitrogen (N) fixation in association with mosses could be a key source of new N in tropical montane cloud forests since these forests maintain high humidity levels and stable temperatures, both of which are important to N fixation. Here, nutrient availability could be a prominent control of N fixation processes. However, the mechanisms and extent of these controls, particularly in forests at different successional stages, remains unknown to date. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the impact of N, phosphorus (P) and molybdenum (Mo) additions on moss-associated N fixation in tropical montane cloud forests of two successional stages, an old-growth forest and an early-successional natural regrowth forest. We hypothesized that if N is available, N fixation rates would be rapidly reduced, while P and Mo would promote nitrogenase activity. Our results show that Mo additions did not affect N fixation rates, whereas N and P additions, in different doses and combinations, immediately reduced N fixation in both forests. Nonetheless, rates recovered within 1 year of nutrient additions. Nitrogen fixation rates associated with ground-covering mosses were similar in both forests. Interestingly, one year after the nutrient additions, N fixation rates across all the treatments were higher in the natural regrowth forests than the mature forests, suggesting more nutrient limitation in these regrowing forests, likely as a result of higher demand for growth. Our study highlights how moss-associated N fixation responds to changes in nutrient availability across distinct successional stages, deepening our understanding of processes that contributes to tropical montane cloud forests.
Employing a Phased, Interdisciplinary Approach Across Healthcare and School Settings: mHealth Adaptations for Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder At-Risk of Experiencing Obesity
Authors: Emerson Caroline , Koob Caitlin , Sease Kerry , Griffin Sarah 
Published: January 2025

AbstractYouth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at nearly twice the risk of experiencing obesity, compared to youth without ASD. Wellness Education to Create Healthy habits and Actions to Thrive (WE CHAT) is a novel chatbot that engages participants to enhance primary care delivery and associated care coordination services through mobile health (mHealth) technology focused on social determinants of health (SDOH) and social-emotional health. This study examines multiple perspectives regarding the development and implementation of innovative mHealth technology among youth with ASD. The phases of this study include (1) discussion among individuals and parents of children with ASD, (2) in-depth interviews with primary care providers (PCPs) who treat youth with ASD, and (3) in-depth interviews with interdisciplinary rehabilitation providers who treat youth with ASD. Phases 1 and 2 employed rapid qualitative analysis, and Phase 3 involved inductive thematic analysis to provide context to gaps identified in prior phases. Key themes across the three phases included the variability of symptoms among individuals with ASD, the differences in perceived value of mHealth technology, the importance of family-centered care, and the role of interdisciplinary support. Participants recommended the development of branching logic to increase the flexibility of mHealth technology designed for youth with ASD. This study gathered insight from multiple perspectives to identify opportunities for supporting independent participation in mHealth technology while reducing associated caregiver burden among youth with ASD. These findings may inform refinement and expansion of WE CHAT for patients with varying health needs.
Experiences and outcomes of young carers living in low-and middle-income countries: a scoping review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Raji Naseem Akorede , Liverpool Shaun , Bannerman Fariba , Fletcher Ken A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Internationally, there is growing evidence suggesting that children and young people who assume the role of carer for ill relatives are negatively impacted. However, the evidence from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) appear to be limited. This scoping review aimed to summarise and synthesise the available evidence on the experiences and outcomes of young carers (YCs) living in LMICs. CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus, PsycINFO, LILACS, AMED, and Google Scholar were searched until April 2023. Records were screened against predefined criteria and suitable articles were retrieved. Relevant information was then charted and summarised. Qualitative content analysis and a narrative synthesis was then conducted to identify overarching themes. From 776 records retrieved, 20 publications met our inclusion criteria. Most of the included studies were conducted in African countries, with the remaining studies in Malaysia, Pakistan, and Mexico. YCs included children and young people between 5 and 24 years who cared for parents, grandparents, and other elderly relatives. Six overarching themes describing the experiences and outcomes of YCs were identified. The themes described caring responsibilities, socio-cultural expectations, early employment and impact on education, social connections and mental, physical, and emotional health and wellbeing. Our findings highlight key factors that decision-makers should consider when developing policy and practice guidelines. More research is needed in underrepresented countries and understudied themes to help develop and evaluate suitable interventions and programmes.
A comparative study of long-term measurements of natural gamma absorbed dose rate in outdoor air by TLD and GM detectors
Authors: Mitra Pratip , Sahu S. K. , Kumar A. Vinod 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper investigates and compares two widely employed techniques for measuring natural gamma absorbed dose rate in outdoor air: the thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) and the Geiger-Mueller (GM) detector-based environmental radiation monitor (ERM). Over two decades (2003–2023), measurements were conducted at eighteen investigation sites having a wide variation of local dose rate values. The TLDs accumulated quarterly doses, while the ERMs recorded hourly dose rates. The comparison of mean dose rates obtained by the two methods agreed within ± 30% for all sites. A strong positive correlation was obtained between the two methods.
Chicken eggshells as unconventional ESR dosimeters: insight into the influence of particle size and fading characteristic
Authors: Panda Madhusmita , Jakathamani S. , Annalakshmi O. , Joshi Shailesh , Jose M. T. , Srinivas C. V. , Venkatraman B. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Dose estimation using unconventional dosimeters during radiological/nuclear emergencies remains challenging and essential for medical triage. In this work, we have explored the potential of utilizing eggshells as an unconventional dosimeter using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Eggshell particle size was optimized (210 to 250 µm) to remove the angular dependence of ESR signal using a Goniometer setup. The radiation induced radicals in irradiated eggshells were identified as orthorhombic

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radicals. Among them,

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radical were used for dosimetry studies. Dose response was found to be linear up to 1 kGy with a minimum detectable dose of ~ 1 Gy. From fading studies, the signal was found to decay up to 55% within eight days due to ~ 93% fading of axial

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radicals. Single aliquot additive dose (SAAD) technique was used for dose reconstruction from irradiated eggshells, and the technique was validated with other standard dosimeters like alanine/ESR and TL (thermoluminescence) discs. The results of the detailed dosimetric investigations showed that eggshells can be potentially used for retrospective dose assessment in case of radiation emergencies by applying proper fading correction.
Study the role of oxygen vacancies and Mn oxidation states in nonstoichiometric CaMnO3-δ perovskite nanoparticles
Authors: Abdel-Khalek E. K. , Mohamed E. A. , Ismail Yasser A. M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this work, the low cost and eco-friendly CaMnO3-δ perovskite has been prepared by sol-gel method. Rietveld refinement of XRD data indicated that CaMnO3-δ sample crystallized in orthorhombic structure with space group Pnma. Further characterizations of this sample were performed employing TEM, SAED pattern, HR-TEM, and EDS elemental mapping. These measurements show that the CaMnO3-δ sample has polycrystalline nature with high degree of crystallinity and all elements are homogeneously distributed. The oxidation states of Mn ions and the presence of oxygen vacancies in this sample were confirmed by XPS analysis. Optical studies revealed that CaMnO3-δ sample has direct band gap energy (Eg) of 3.63 eV using UV–vis spectroscopy. Asymmetric magnetic hysteresis (M − H) loop in CaMnO3-δ nanoparticles reveals that the presence of exchange bias phenomenon at room temperature. The present work provides the observation of pseudocapacitive behavior in CaMnO3-δ nanoparticles. Furthermore, the presence of oxygen vacancies and Mn oxidation states in CaMnO3-δ sample enhanced the charge storage capability by oxygen intercalation. These results prove that CaMnO3-δ perovskite is a promising material for magnetic and energy-storage applications.

Graphical Abstract
Fostering moral reflectivity in community pharmacists through moral case deliberation using the dilemma method
Authors: Kruijtbosch M. , Floor-Schreudering A. , van Leeuwen E. , Bouvy M. L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Moral case deliberation has been successfully implemented in multidisciplinary groups of secondary care professionals to support ethical decision making. It has not yet been reported for community pharmacists.

Aim
This study investigated whether moral case deliberation fosters moral reflectivity in community pharmacists.

Method
Two moral case deliberations with 14 community pharmacists were guided by two facilitators. One session was described and illustrated with participants’ quotes, detailing each reflection step of the method. An adapted version of the Maastricht evaluation questionnaire was used to understand the effects of the moral case deliberation on participants’ moral reflectivity skills both quantitatively and qualitatively.

Results
In a 2-h session, pharmacists reflected on a moral dilemma concerning double anticoagulant therapy of one presenter pharmacist. Participants discussed the pros and cons of two potential actions: dispensing the medication as prescribed without contacting the patient or contacting the patient first. Deliberation highlighted the importance of understanding the patient’s perspective, leading the presenter and two others to shift towards the latter action.
The evaluation questionnaire revealed that all 14 participants felt supported by the deliberation and the facilitator in recognising the dilemma’s moral dimension and understanding their own and others’ values behind arguments and how these influenced different perspectives. They all felt encouraged to critically reflect, to ask open questions and to delay judgements. The method helped all to morally justify their final decision, with six participants arriving at a decision different from their initial perspective towards the dilemma’s resolution.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that moral case deliberation enables pharmacists to critically examine their reasoning and reach morally sound resolutions, supporting pharmacists’ professionalism and ethical decision-making.
Marrying a Billionaire: Studying US American billionaires’ family biographies using the Forbes World’s Billionaires List, 2010–2022
Authors: Wilken Ria 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Despite the recent findings on the inequality-increasing effect of homogeneous marriages, the growing body of literature on ‘the super-rich’, has missed out on illuminating contemporary global wealth inequality levels from a marital choice perspective. Not much is known about family formation at the top of the wealth distribution. By combining Forbes billionaires rich list data and billionaires’ Wikipedia articles with qualitative data, the paper presents a unique dataset capturing all US American billionaires (n = 948) and their spouses. The results suggest deeply ingrained traditional role allocations in billionaire couples. Female billionaires appear to be more likely to have a partner in the same upper-class fraction than male billionaires, who appear to be more liberal regarding their spouses’ class positions. By shedding light on the unique marriage demographics of the super-rich, the paper supports the importance of dynasty-making family strategies and social closure for understanding the economic elites of our times.