bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residency and Fellowship Training Programs in the United States of America
Authors: Al-Gethami Hanan Jaber , Al-Jehani Hosam , AL-Saggaf Samar , Ajlan Abdulrazag 
Published: January 2022

Background:
International medical graduates (IMGs) who study abroad face multiple challenges and more significant discrimination compared to that experienced by other graduates. These obstacles take different forms and occur in multiple stages. Furthermore, adaptation to a new culture causes several challenges for them, affecting their training and patient care.

Objectives:
This study was done to evaluate the personal experiences of Saudi IMGs and to describe the challenges they encounter during their residency and fellowship training programs in the United States of America.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional online survey was conducted online in 2013. Participants included 230 Saudi IMGs enrolled in residency or fellowship training programs in the United States of America.

Results:
The majority of the respondents were males and strongly disagreed that lack of English language proficiency was a barrier to learning. High disagreement on discriminatory criticism was most common in postgraduate year 5 (R5) and higher levels (44.8%). Most participants reported positive experiences involving the learning environment. Moreover, some participants reported that they did not find it difficult to perform their religious activities. Total 43.4% of the participants reported equality of treatment regarding administrative responsibilities. However, subgroup analysis showed that women's experiences were less favorable than those observed in the male population.

Conclusions:
Results suggested that Saudi IMGs had an overall positive experience and faced minor barriers while studying in the United States of America. However, subgroup analysis showed that women's experiences were less positive relative to men.
A Cross-sectional Study Based on the Assessment of the Radiation dose for Medical Radiation Workers
Authors: Aldhebaib Ali , Singh Oinam Gokulchandra , Haq Fayaz Ul , Alqurbani Saleh Talal , Barakheel Albarkheel Abdullah Ibrahim , Alshamrani Ahmed , Alnuwaiser Azzam Omar , Alsumykhi Mohammed Abdullah , Alhenaki Ibrahem Ahmad , Vetrayan Jayachandran 
Published: January 2022

Background:
A monitoring for radiological technologists and radiation workers must be implemented to ensure the radiation safety.

Aims:
The aim of our study was to measure the occupational radiation dose for medical workers from the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, Nuclear Medicine, Dental Services, Endoscopy, and Surgery at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Materials & Methods:
This study was conducted at KAMC, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Across-sectional study and a suitably and structured questionnaire was adapted from the previous similar studies and monitored radiation doses designed in line with the study's objectives were collected among the different medical workers. A total of 223 medical radiation workers were involved in this study, and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data.

Results:
It is noted that the diagnostic radiology department recorded the highest value of effective dose followed by cardiac catheterization laboratory and nuclear medicine and so on. The measured amount of effective dose for diagnostic radiology, cardiac catheterization laboratory, nuclear medicine, dental services, endoscopy, and surgery at KAMC was found to be 14.35, 5.23, 4.56, 3.88, 3.52, and 1.87 mSv, respectively.

Conclusions:
This study provide an evidence that the occupational radiation dose for all the monitored departments at KAMC are well below the international recommended dose limit (20 mSv).
Filariasis
Authors: Saif Ahmed , Alshahrani Mohammed Abdulrahman , Alshehri Ahmad A. , Othman Basim A. , Bahnass Mosa M. , Mashraqi Mutaib M. , Zaman Gaffar Sarwar , Alraey Yasser , Madkhali Aymen M. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
Expatriate workers usually contribute to the origination of some infectious diseases in the countries they reside. The aim of this study was to identify and analyze available information on filariasis imported into Najran, Saudi Arabia, by expatriate workers.

Methodology:
Serum (n = 497) were acquired from expatriate workers of both genders from different nationalities and various ages and also from randomly chosen parts and at different time periods of Najran. The serum samples were stored in a deep freezer at a temperature of − 65°C until utilized for the serological diagnosis of filariasis by using filariasis immunoglobulin G/immunoglobulin M (IgG/IgM) combo rapid test and human filariasis antibody (IgG4) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results:
Based on IgG/IgM rapid test, the prevalence of filariasis IgG was 3.8% (19 out of 497), whereas IgG4 ELISA showed that the prevalence of filariasis was 10.9% (10 out of 92). The highest prevalence of filariasis occurred in Indian workers, in adulthood (30–49 years), and in male workers. There was no significant agreement in results between IgG/IgM rapid test and ELISA. The percentage specificity of IgG/IgM rapid test, relative to filariasis IgG4 ELISA was 80.5%.

Conclusions:
The possibility of health hazard due to imported filariasis and preeminently the initiation of a novel carrier focal point of the disease are likely to relied upon the abundance of carriers of microfilaria and the density of vector mosquitoes who feed on the carriers. Furthermore, the results of this study underscore the need for screening and therapeutic strategies that guarantee the control and prevention of parasitic infectious diseases.
Survival and Epidemiologic Trends of Lymphomas in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Altowairqi Mashael Yahya , Alyousef Mohammed Yousef , Ghandour Mohammed Khaled , Alrashed Abdulrahman Abdulmohsen , Aljebrin Yousef Jebrin , Alotheem Ghadah Abdulkarim , Aleem Aamer , Algahtani Farjah , Alzahrani Musa F. 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The current trends in lymphoma cases from Saudi Arabia and their long-term survival are unknown. This study was conducted to evaluate the trends of lymphoma diagnoses and survival from a major tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
This retrospective study included all new cases of lymphoma diagnosed in adults (age ≥18 years) at King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from 2008 to 2018, as identified from the Saudi Cancer Registry. Data on the demographics and clinical characteristics were collected, the survival outcomes were estimated, and multivariate analysis of the overall survival was calculated.

Results:
A total of 422 patients were included (median age: 46 years). The number new cases of lymphoma diagnosed variably increased over the study period: From 28 (7%) cases in 2009 to 48 (11%) in 2018. The most common lymphoma was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (175; 41%): and extranodal site was GI involvement (33.5%). In terms of survival, 79% were alive at the last follow-up. On multivariable analysis, the hazard ratio (HR) for patients aged ≥60 years was 3.44 (95% CI: 2–5.9; P = 0.0000069), adjusted for lactate dehydrogenase level (LDH) and disease stage. For advanced-stage disease and high LDH, the HR was 4.2 (95% CI: 1.5-11.8, P = 0.00637) and 0.5 (95% CI: 0.28-0.97; P = 0.04106), respectively.

Conclusions:
The lymphoma trend in the Saudi Arabian population showed variable increase in cases over the study period, with most patients presenting with advanced-stage disease and at a younger age. The overall survival was comparable with studies from Western countries.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA TERMODINÂMICA AO PENSAMENTO ECONÔMICO
Authors: Soares Barcelos Tiago , Teixeira de Camargo Pedro Luiz , Percival Guimarães Valmir , De Freitas Mota Loyslene 
Published: January 2022

As Ciências Econômicas como um todo e a Economia Ecológica em especial, tem nas definições de temperatura, calor, energia, trabalho e entropia alguns dos seus principais conceitos epistemológicos. Doravante, trabalhos teleológicos capazes de abordar historicamente tais definições, bem como seu uso nesse campo científico são raros, sendo por isso importantes. Dessa forma, propõe nesse artigo discutir, através de uma revisão bibliográfica profunda, as contribuições da termodinâmica ao pensamento econômico. Como resultado, é possível apontar que Brandão (2004); Pádua, et al (2008); Cechin e Veiga (2010); Castro e Ferracioli (2012); Georgescu-Roegen (2012) e Daly e Farley (2016) são os principais autores que relacionam a temática econômica e termodinâmica. Como conclusão, é possível afirmar que são necessários mais estudos de revisão historiográfica dentro da Economia Ecológica, sendo indicados mais trabalhos similares a esse que sejam capazes de oferecer uma abordagem acerca da epistemologia dos termos mais usados nessa área científica.
Palavras-chave: Economia Ecológica; Epistemologia; Entropia
The Determinants of Deviant Workplace Behavior of Faculty Members working in Public Sector Universities of Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Rehan Muhammad Farooq , Mumtaz Raheel , Khan Qaisar Ijaz 
Published: January 2022

The aim of the research is to empirical evaluate the effect of organizational formal control and workgroup norms on the deviant workplace behavior of the university faculty members of Pakistan. It further investigates the moderating effect of self-regularity efficacy. The study is primary in nature and used survey method to collect the responses from the teaching faculty of Pakistan. A total of 168 suitable responses were analyzed by using SMART PLS version 3 (Licensed). A PLS-SEM was used for analysis of the collected data. The result showed that when employees find themselves in under the influence of reference others, self-regulatory efficacy help them to attain compliance with significant organizational norms and doing that keep them away from involving in deviant workplace behaviors. Additionally, the results suggest that self-regularity efficacy have a significant part in regulating behaviors and observance to right self-sanctions for flawed behavior.
Kajian Dampak Penghapusan Bbm Pertalite terhadap Profitabilitas PT Pertamina Tahun 2021
Authors: Primadona Fitry , Rizaldi Iqbal Tiar 
Published: January 2022

Energy Fuel Oil (BBM) is one of the most needed by the community. Its use as a vehicle transportation fuel makes the level of fuel consumption high. Pertalite as one type of fuel PT.Pertamina with Octane 90 dominates fuel consumption, this is because the quality of the fuel is cleaner than premium and the selling price is cheaper than Pertamax. However, the government is discussing the elimination of BBM below Octane 91 starting in 2022, namely Premium and Pertalite. The elimination strategy is a simplification of product variants and complies with the Regulation of the Minister of Forestry and Environment (KLHK) Number P.20/Menlhk/Setjen/Kum.1/3/2017 which regulates the issue of quality standards for new types of motor vehicle exhaust emissions for motorized vehicles four or more wheels. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the elimination of Pertalite fuel on the profitability of PT.Pertamina in 2022. The method of this research was descriptive qualitative using a literature review. The results show that the elimination of Pertalite will create high inflation and will suppress the profitability of PT.Pertamina. Inflation will have a positive impact on Pertamina's profitability although it is not significant. This happens because consumers are forced to buy products or goods that are sold because part of the basic needs will still be purchased even though the price rises.
Keywords: BBM, Pertalite, Profitability, Pertamina
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KERJA, MOTIVASI, KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN MELALUI JOB SATISFACTION PADA KARYAWAN PT BPR BKK TAMAN PERSERODA PEMALANG
Authors: Supriyatno Irawan , Edi Djauhar , Prima Indah 
Published: January 2022

This research was carried out to determine the effect of work environment, motivastion and compensation on performance through job satisfaction as an intervening variable PT BPR BKK TAMAN Perseroda, This study used porposive sampling technique where the selected sample was 50 respondents who were employees of PT BPR BKK TAMAN Perseroda, a financial services provider company, the date were analyzed throught Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), method and SMARTPLS 3 dfe to the small number of targeted respondent from result of the study, it was found that the environment, motivation, and compensation had a significant effect on job satisfaction and employee performance, beside job satisfaction had a significant effect on performance moreover the intervening varable namely job satisfaction could partially moderate exogenous variable
Keyword: work environment, work motivation, compensation, performance, job satisfaction
Occupational Therapy and the IMPACT Act: Part 2. A Systematic Review of Evidence for Functional Status, Medication Reconciliation, and Skin Integrity Interventions
Authors: Feldhacker Diana R. , Lucas Molitor Whitney , Jensen Lou , Lohman Helene , Lampe Angela M. 
Published: January 2022

Importance: Interventions that promote function, medication reconciliation, and skin integrity assist occupational therapy practitioners in demonstrating professional value, improving quality, and reducing health care costs.Objective: In this systematic review, we focus on three outcome areas of the Improving Medicare Post-Acute Care Transformation (IMPACT) Act of 2014: functional status, medication reconciliation, and skin integrity.Data Sources: We conducted a search of the literature published between 2009 and 2019 in CINAHL, Cochrane, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, OTseeker, and Scopus. We also hand searched the systematic reviews and meta-analyses in our search results for articles that met our inclusion criteria.Study Selection and Data Collection: This study used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Findings: We found 47 articles that address the three outcome areas. Regarding functional status, low strength of evidence is available for cognition and functional mobility interventions to support functional performance, moderate strength of evidence supports interventions for vision, and moderate evidence supports task-oriented and individualized interventions to promote activities of daily living (ADL) outcomes among people with neurological conditions. Strong strength of evidence supports individualized occupational therapy interventions focusing on medication adherence. Low strength of evidence was found for occupational therapy interventions to reduce pressure ulcers and promote skin integrity.Conclusion and Relevance: The evidence supports occupational therapy interventions to improve functional status in ADLs and medication management. Additional research is needed that examines the outcomes of occupational therapy interventions for other areas of function and skin integrity.What This Article Adds: We found evidence to support occupational therapy interventions that align with value-based measures in the three outcome areas of interest. The effectiveness of these interventions highlights the viability of occupational therapy as an essential profession and the worth of occupational therapy to the public, potential clients, and payers.
The course of COVID-19 in patients with Behçet’s disease
Authors: Enginar Ayse , Gundogdu Mustafa 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesTo evaluate the frequency and clinical course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with Behçet’s disease (BD).Material and methodsThe study included patients diagnosed with BD according to the International Study Group for BD criteria who were being followed up in the Dermatology and Rheumatology clinics. Patients who applied to Rheumatology and Dermatology clinics and were not diagnosed with any rheumatological disease were taken as the control group. The medical records of the patients were examined retrospectively. A record was made of age, gender, additional systemic disease, for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), colchicine treatment dose, whether or not a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test was performed, disease course in patients diagnosed with COVID-19, length of stay in hospital, and the need or not for intensive care unit (ICU) admission.ResultsEvaluation was made of 203 BD patients and a control group of 200 individuals. No difference was determined between the groups in respect of age and gender (respectively p = 0.348, p = 0.828). A polymerase chain reaction test for the SARS-CoV-2 was applied to 56 patients in the BD group, and 18 were reported positive, and to 80 subjects in the control group, of which 32 were determined positive. No difference was determined between the groups in terms of PCR test positivity (p = 0.321). No significant difference was determined between the groups in length of stay in hospital, lung involvement, ICU admissions, and mortality rates (respectively p = 0.684, p = 1.000, p = 0.503, p = 1.000). In the BD patient group, in all the parameters there was no significant difference between those who were positive or negative for COVID-19.ConclusionsThe results of this study showed no increased risk for BD patients compared to the normal population in respect of the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 infection, length of hospital stay, lung involvement, ICU admission and mortality.
Vaccination in rheumatic disease patients: results of a pilot quality improvement program
Authors: Figueroa-Parra Gabriel , Moreno-Salinas Andrea , Santoyo-Fexas Leticia , Gamboa-Alonso Carmen , Carrizales-Luna Juan , Hernandez-Galarza Ivan , Galarza-Delgado Dionicio , Esquivel-Valerio Jorge 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesPatients with rheumatic diseases (RD) are at increased risk of infections. Vaccination is recognized as a successful public health measure and is recommended for RD patients. The aim of this study was to describe the strategies implemented in an academic rheumatology outpatient clinic as part of a fellow-in-training-led vaccination quality improvement (QI) program and to explore the vaccination uptake before and one year after the implementation.Material and methodsThe program’s objective is the promotion of vaccination among patients and rheumatology fellows (by educational interventions, development of vaccination charts and orders, and modifications to electronic medical records to register vaccination dates and generate reminders). As part of the continuous evaluation of the QI program, a descriptive cross-sectional study was performed to evaluate vaccine uptake pre- and post-interventions and vaccination barriers one year after implementation. Consecutive patients with RD answered a self-administered questionnaire. Results are shown as descriptive statistics.ResultsBefore the program started 73 patients were surveyed and 102 patients one year after. The vaccination uptake rates for influenza pre- and post-interventions were 43% and 55%; for pneumococcal vaccination they were 26% and 30%; for herpes zoster they were 0% and 4%; for human papillomavirus they were 4% and 10%; for hepatitis B (HBV) they were 19% and 25% respectively. Eighty percent of patients reported some barriers to receiving any of the previous vaccines. The three main reasons for not receiving a vaccine were the lack of recommendation, the lack of availability, and the belief that vaccines do not work.ConclusionsThe implementation of a pilot vaccination QI program led by rheumatology fellows-in-training showed promising preliminary benefits in the vaccination uptake among RD patients and helps to evaluate the barriers to surpass.
KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ THOÁI HÓA KHỚP GỐI NGUYÊN PHÁT BẰNG TIÊM NỘI KHỚP HUYẾT TƯƠNG GIÀU TIỂU CẦU TỰ THÂN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRUNG ƯƠNG THÁI NGUYÊN
Authors: Hoài Thanh Nông , Thị Bình Lưu 
Published: January 2022

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị thoái hoá khớp gối nguyên phát sau tiêm nội khớp huyết tương giàu tiểu cầu tự thân 6 tháng. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Mô tả cắt ngang 63 bệnh nhân với 90 khớp gối bị thoái hoá được điều trị bằng tiêm nội khớp huyết tương giàu tiểu cầu tự thân dưới hướng dẫn tại Bệnh viện Trung Ương Thái Nguyên từ tháng 01/2020 - 11/2021. Kết quả: Sau 6 tháng can thiệp tỉ lệ đau khớp kiểu cơ học (61,1%) giảm so với ban đầu (87,8%); không còn đau kiểu viêm; dấu hiệu phá gỉ khớp (32,2%) giảm so với trước điều trị (51,1%). Dấu hiệu lục khục khớp gối (51,1%) giảm so với trước can thiệp (85,6%). Mức độ đau và khả năng vận động khớp gối được cải thiện rõ: điểm đau VAS trung bình từ 6,72 ±1,50 điểm xuống 2,63 ± 1,15 sau 3 tháng và 1,53 ± 1,30 điểm sau 6 tháng. Điểm WOMAC đau cứng khớp, vận động và WOMAC chung đều có sự ý nghĩa thống kê. Điểm WOMAC chung giảm từ 37,20± 7,68 xuống 20,57 ± 5,71 (T3) và 13,03 ± 5,52 (T6). Sự khác biệt với p < 0,05. Kết luận: Có sự cải thiện rõ các triệu chứng lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và khả năng vận động khớp gối của bệnh nhân sau 6 tháng điều trị thoái hóa khớp gối nguyên phát bằng liệu pháp tiêm huyết tương giàu tiểu cầu tự thân.
TỶ LỆ NHIỄM HPV VÀ MỐI LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN CÁC BẤT THƯỜNG TẾ BÀO CỔ TỬ CUNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN KHÁM PHỤ KHOA TẠI BỆNH VIỆN K
Authors: Thị Thanh Thúy Trần , Văn Quảng Lê 
Published: January 2022

Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ nhiễm Human Papillomavirus (HPV) và nhận xét mối liên quan giữa nhiễm HPV nguy cơ cao (NCC) với các tổn thương bất thường tế bào cổ tử cung (CTC) ở những bệnh nhân (BN) đến khám phụ khoa tại bệnh viện K. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang được tiến hành trên 2.194 BN đến khám phụ khoa tại bệnh viện K từ tháng 1/5/2019 đến tháng 30/3/2020. Thu thập số liệu qua khám, phỏng vấn BN và các kết quả xét nghiệm từ hồ sơ khám bệnh. Kết quả: Trong tổng số 2.194 BN có 295 trường hợp dương tính chiếm 13,4%. Trong số ca nhiễm thì 12 type HPVNCC(khác type 16, type 18) chiếm 72,9%, chỉ nhiễm 1 type HPV16 là 13,6% và chỉ nhiễm 1 type HPV18 là 7,1%. Có mối liên quan chặt chẽ giữa nguy cơ bất thường tế bào CTC, ung thư cổ tử cung liên quan với nhiễm HPV NCC, đặc biệt là 2 type HPV 16 và HPV 18 (p < 0,01). Kết luận: Tỷ lệ nhiễm HPV ở những BN đến khám phụ khoa tại bệnh viện K trong mức độ trung bình.Việc xác định tỷ lệ nhiễm, định type HPV và mối liên quan đến các tổn thương bất thường tế bào CTC có vai trò quan trọng trong xác định nguy cơung thư cổ tử cung (UTCTC) để hướng dẫn các biện pháp phòng ngừa.
NỒNG ĐỘ CRP, ALBUMIN VÀ GLOBULIN HUYẾT THANH VÀ MỐI LIÊN QUAN VỚI MỨC ĐỘ BỆNH VẢY NẾN THÔNG THƯỜNG
Authors: Thị Tài Linh Nguyễn , Văn Em Đặng , Thái Hà Vũ 
Published: January 2022

Mục tiêu: Xác định nồng độ CRP, albumin, globulin huyết thanh của bệnh nhân vảy nến thông thường (VNTT) và mối liên quan với mức độ bệnh. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả cắt ngang; gồm 2 nhóm: Nhóm nghiên cứu 55 bệnh nhân nhómVNTT; 55 người khỏe mạnh ở nhóm đối chứng tại Bệnh viện Da liễu Trung ương. Kết quả: Nhóm nghiên cứu tăng nồng độ CRP huyết thanh và tỷ lệ CRP/Albumin huyết thanh tăng cao hơn nhóm đối chứng (p<0,001) và có liên quan thuận với mức độ bệnh. Ngược lại, nồng độ albumin huyết thanh nhóm nghiên cứu (39.41 ± 3,74g/l) giảm so với nhóm đối chứng (42.21±2,46 g/l) với p <0,001 và có mối liên quan nghicchj với mức độ bệnh. Nồng độ globulin huyết thanh giữa nhóm VNTT (30.09 ± 3.19g/l) và nhóm đối chứng (29.11 ± 3.16g/l) là tương đương nhau (p>0,05). Kết luận: Có sự tăng nồng độ CRP và tỷ lệ CRP/Albumin huyết thanh, giảm nồng độ albumin huyết thanh bệnh nhân VNTT và sự thay đổi có liên quan với mức độ bệnh.