bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra-sensitive micro-displacement sensor based on a U-shaped bent
SMF
Authors: Li Shuying , Wu Feng , Liu Yu , Li Kun , Sun Shishuai , Li Xiaolan , Miao Yinping 
Published: September 2022

Sensors based on irregularly shaped bent optical fiber devices have
attracted considerable interest in many applications. However, the
effective interference length and bent radius of the irregular shape
fiber have not been given accurately. Here an equivalent arc model is
proposed to define the effective interference length and bent radius
of the U-shaped fiber device: the U-shaped optical fiber is equivalent
to a regular arc. We found that the effective interference length of
devices varies greatly with the structure’s height changes in some
special structure sizes, which is highly useful for micro-displacement
measurement. In terms of this model, an ultra-sensitive
micro-displacement sensor of

−

1

.

2838

n
m

/

µ

m

in a measurement range of 0–60 µm has
been realized. The sensitivity of this device is one order of
magnitude higher than that in any previously reported bent optical
fiber work. More importantly, the analysis strategy of the equivalent
arc model can be generalized to various irregular bent fiber
micro-displacement sensors and other sensing fields.
Prospects and challenges of optical switching technologies for intra data center networks
Authors: Sato Ken-Ichi , Matsuura Hiroyuki , Konoike Ryotaro , Suzuki Keijiro , Ikeda Kazuhiro , Namiki Shu 
Published: September 2022

This paper explores how optical switching technologies can innovate future intra data center networks. The effectiveness of applying large-port-count optical switches is clarified by comparing the available scales and performances of electrical and optical switching networks. The two core technologies needed to make it happen are presented: large-port-count optical switches that have pay-as-you-grow scalability and a simple and fast switch control procedure. Different from the present multi-tier electrical switch network, single-tier large-port-count optical switches and their parallel configurations are shown to greatly simplify the network. Their combination offers low blocking rates and low latency even though the connection set-up is performed in a completely distributed and asynchronous manner where network wide synchronization and routing control are unneeded. The design and performance verification of our control network are detailed, and experiments on a control network emulation based on field programmable gate arrays are presented. The connection set-up latency of around 20 µs is verified within a floor (200 m) using our recently developed silicon photonic switch and tunable filter devices. The devices rely on the thermo-optic effect, but if we apply the electro-optic effect and adopt a simplified connection set-up procedure, the set-up latency is reduced to around 7 µs. The direction discussed here will pave the way for achieving bandwidth abundant and energy efficient data center networks in the future.
The effect of temperature, humidity, precipitation and cloud coverage on the risk of COVID-19 infection in temperate regions of the USA—A case-crossover study
Authors: Jansson Moritz K. , Yamamoto Shelby 
Published: September 2022

Background
Observations based on the spread of SARS-CoV-2 early into the COVID-19 pandemic have suggested a reduced burden in tropical regions leading to the assumption of a dichotomy between cold and dry and wet and warm climates.

Objectives
Analyzing more than a whole year of COVID-19 infection data, this study intents to refine the understanding of meteorological variables (temperature, humidity, precipitation and cloud coverage) on COVID-19 transmission in settings that experience distinct seasonal changes.

Methods and findings
A time stratified case-crossover design was adopted with a conditional Poisson model in combination with a distributed lag nonlinear model to assess the short-term impact of mentioned meteorological factors on COVID-19 infections in five US study sites (New York City (NYC); Marion County, Indiana (MCI); Baltimore and Baltimore County, Maryland (BCM); Franklin County, Ohio (FCO); King County, Washington (KCW)). Higher-than-average temperatures were consistently associated with a decreased relative risk (RR) of COVID-19 infection in four study sites. At 20 degrees Celsius COVID-19 infection was associated with a relative risk of 0.35 (95%CI: 0.20–0.60) in NYC, 1.03 (95%CI:0.57–1.84) in MCI, 0.34 (95%CI: 0.20–0.57) in BCM, 0.52 (95%CI: 0.31–0.87) in FCO and 0.21 (95%CI: 0.10–0.44) in KCW. Higher-than-average humidity levels were associated with an increased relative risk of COVID-19 infection in four study sites. Relative to their respective means, at a humidity level of 15 g/kg (specific humidity) the RR was 5.83 (95%CI: 2.05–16.58) in BCM, at a humidity level of 10 g/kg the RR was 3.44 (95%CI: 1.95–6.01) in KCW.

Conclusions
The results of this study suggest opposed effects for higher-than-average temperature and humidity concerning the risk of COVID-19 infection. While a distinct seasonal pattern of COVID-19 has not yet emerged, warm and humid weather should not be generally regarded as a time of reduced risk of COVID-19 infections.
An observational pilot study: Prevalence and cost of high frequency emergency department users at Örebro University Hospital, Sweden
Authors: Cheng Ivy , Andersson Jonas , Lundqvist Christer , Kurland Lisa 
Published: September 2022

Background
There is little research on high frequency emergency department users (HEDU) in Sweden. We aim to determine the prevalence and costs of HEDU compared to non-HEDU at Örebro University Hospital (ÖUH). Additionally, we will determine the factors and outcomes associated with being a HEDU.

Methods
This was a retrospective, observational cohort study of ED patients presenting to ÖUH, Sweden between 2018–19. Analyses used electronic registry, ambulance, and cost data. The definition for HEDU was ≥4 visits/year. HEDUs were categorized further into Repeat, High and Super HEDU with 4–7, 8–18 and ≥19 visits/year, respectively. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine the adjusted odds ratios for factors and outcomes between HEDU and non-HEDU.

Findings
Of all ÖUH ED patients, 6.1% were HEDU and accounted for 22.4% of ED visits and associated costs. Compared to the mean cost of non-HEDU, the Repeat, High and Super HEDU were more costly by factors of 4, 8 and 27, respectively. The HEDUs were more likely to be male, self-referred, present with abdominal pain, arrive by ambulance, at night and from the Örebro municipal region. Super HEDU were more likely to be of adult age and assigned lower acuity scores. HEDU were more likely to be directed to the surgical zone, less likely to receive radiologic imaging or achieve a 4-hr time target. In contrast to the Repeat and High HEDU, Super HEDU were less likely to be admitted, but more likely to leave without being seen.

Conclusion
ÖUH has a HEDU population with associated factors and outcomes. They account for a substantial proportion of ED costs compared to non-HEDU.
Prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminth infections and associated risk factors among household heads living in the peri-urban areas of Jimma town, Oromia, Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Zeynudin Ahmed , Degefa Teshome , Tesfaye Million , Suleman Sultan , Yesuf Elias Ali , Hajikelil Zuber , Ali Solomon , Azam Khalide , Husen Abdusemed , Yasin Jafer , Wieser Andreas 
Published: September 2022

Background
Ethiopia has set national targets for eliminating soil-transmitted helminths (STH) as public health problems by 2020 and for breaking their transmission by 2025 using periodic mass treatment of children in endemic areas. However, the status of STH infection among the adults living in the same communities remains unknown. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine the prevalence and intensity of STH infections and associated factors among the household heads in the peri-urban areas of Jimma town, Oromia, Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in five peri-urban kebeles (smallest administrative unit in Ethiopia) of Jimma town from May to July 2021. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic and predisposing factors. The Kato-Katz concentration technique was utilized to detect and quantify the STH in stool samples. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses were done. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
A total of 376 household heads (19.9% women and 80.1% men) from peri-urban areas were included in the study. The overall STH prevalence was 18.1% (95% CI: 14.6–22.1) with A. lumbricoides being the predominant species (11.4%) followed by T. trichiura (7.2%) and hookworm (2.1%). Most of the STH positive household heads had single infections (85.3%) and light-intensity infections (88.5%). Wealth status (AOR = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.31–5.50, P = 0.007), hand washing habits before meals (AOR = 7.07; 95% CI: 1.79–27.88, p = 0.005), fingernails status (AOR = 2.99; 95% CI: 1.59–5.65, p = 0.001), and toilet facility type (AOR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.13–3.76, p = 0.017) were found to have statistically significant associations with the STH infection.

Conclusion
The findings of this study showed a nearly moderate level of STH prevalence among household heads in the peri-urban community. This could serve as an important reservoir for reinfection of the treated children and other at-risk groups in the community.
“Já não há Maradonas a aquecer”: O futebol como jogo de palavras e imagens - as crónicas do Euro (2016) e da Taça das Confederações (2017) na RTP
Authors: Loureiro Luis M. 
Published: September 2022

Identificando, na crónica jornalística produzida em Portugal, a remissão a duas tradições cronísticas distintas – a tradição histórica, de matriz objetiva, e a tradição literária, de matriz subjetiva –, o presente estudo interroga a transposição da tradição literária da crónica, dos jornais do século XIX, para o atual jornalismo televisivo sobre futebol, como videoteratura – o que a distingue da crónica enquanto relato.
O conceito de videoteratura, proposto no final da década de 1970, no Brasil, por Artur de Távola, foi utilizado para analisar um corpus de 38 crónicas, emitidas pela RTP no Euro 2016 e na Taça das Confederações 2017. Ao evidenciar os seus elementos discursivos e estilísticos, propõe-se uma reanálise às teorias dos géneros jornalísticos concomitante com a emergência de novas linguagens do medium televisivo.
Diagnostic value of ct in examination of patients with adrenal cancer
Authors: Rusakov V. F. , Shcherbakov I. E. , Chinchuk I. K. , Savelyeva T. V. , Rebrova D. V. , Loginova O. I. , Pridvizhkina T. S. , Chernikov R. A. , Krasnov L. M. , Fedotov J. N. , Fedorov E. A. , Sablin I. V. , Sleptsov I. V. , Shihmagomedov Sh. S. , Zgoda E. A. 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: In most cases adrenal tumours are detected by accident while performing medical imaging tests for other diseases. These findings are treated as adrenal incidentaloma. Prevalence of incidentalomas detected on CT scans is up to 4%. According to different authors, 4–12% of all adrenal tumours are adrenocortical carcinomas. As for today, the most significant medical imaging technique is CT scan with bolus IV injection of contrast agent and assessment of tumour’s density. The analysis of the results of CT imaging in 67 patients with ACC was carried out according to a single protocol. The main signs characteristic of this disease are described. It is very important to evaluate typical signs of ACC on CT scans for risk assessment of ACC before surgical treatment. If malignant tumour is suspected during preoperative examination, it is extremely important to choose the right surgical treatment strategy.AIM: To evaluate the significance of CT as the main method of preoperative diagnosis in patients with malignant tumors of the adrenal cortex. Studying CT semiotics of adrenocortical cancer in a large group of patients using a single standard imaging protocol. Find the main radiological symptoms characteristic of adrenocortical cancerMATERIALS AND METHODS: Here are the results of retrospective study of CT scans performed on 67 patients with adrenocortical carcinoma who received treatment in the Department of Endocrine Surgery of Saint-Petersburg State University N.I. Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies during 2012–2020. The diagnostic significance of CT in patients with ACC was assessed.RESULTS: The most common features of ACC: tumour heterogeneity (84.3%), tumour’s size 3–9 cm (75%), signs of invasion into surrounding structures (10%), pre-contrast density above +30 HU (75%), absolute contrast washout less than 60% (68.8%), relative contrast washout less than 40% (64.6%)CONCLUSION: CT scan with IV contrast was not able to show any definitive pathognomonic signs of ACC. Nevertheless, CT scan should be performed in all patients with suspected (or confirmed using other medical imaging technique) adrenal tumour according to standard protocol. Bolus injection of contrast agent should be performed in all patients with tumour’s pre-contrast density above +5 HU.
Time-restricted eating as a novel strategy for treatment of obesity and it’s comorbid conditions
Authors: Berkovskaya M. A. , Gurova O. Y. , Khaykina I. A. , Fadeev V. V. 
Published: September 2022

The article provides a review of the current literature about time-restricted eating (TRE) as a new tool for the treatment of obesity and comorbid conditions. The search for new nutritional strategies in obesity, one of which is TRE, is due to the weak adherence of patients to hypocaloric diets in the long term, as well as the available data on the importance of ­desynchronization of food intake with natural circadian rhythms in the development and progression of obesity and cardio-­metabolic complications. The article describes the main mechanisms that regulate the circadian rhythms of food intake and nutrient absorption, substantiates the importance of adhering to a physiological diet for maintaining metabolic health. The main part of the review is devoted to reviewing the currently available researches on the effectiveness of various strategies of intermittent energy restriction for weight loss and the correction of metabolic parameters. Potential mechanisms of the ­effect of TRE on health are discussed, including those mediated by an unintentional decrease in caloric intake and changes in eating behavior, and differences in the effectiveness of early and late TRE. The article contains a detailed discussion of the potential problems and contradictions associated with the use of time-restricted eating in clinical practice, namely: the limitations and inconsistencies of the available clinical trials, the lack of data on long-term efficacy and safety, social and psychological limitations that impede the widespread use of TRE.
Two models of insulin resistance development and the strategy to combat age-related diseases: literature review
Authors: Martyushev-Poklad A. V. , Yankevich D. S. , Petrova M. V. , Savitskaya N. G. 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR) is the root cause of most age-related diseases (ARD), the major challenge for today’s health systems. Therefore, adequate understanding of the mechanisms underlying IR is essential to build effective ARD prevention.OBJECTIVE: Analyze the existing models of IR causation and progression in order to justify the most effective ARD prevention strategy.METHODS: Search and analysis of publications on IR and hyperinsulinemia (HI) from databases elibrary.ru, PubMed, and Google Scholar.RESULTS: Two models of IR development are analyzed along with the relationship between IR, HI, and obesity. The prevailing model considers obesity (imbalance of caloric intake and energy expenditure) as the main factor in the development of IR; HI is seen as a consequence of IR, mostly insignificant for the outcomes of IR. The model contradicts many experimental and clinical findings. The strategy to combat ARDs that follows from the model (hypocaloric diet and pharmacotherapy of IR) has proven mostly ineffective.The alternative model (IR as a consequence of HI, and obesity as one of IR manifestations) is more consistent with the pool of experimental and clinical data. It more precisely predicts ARD development and allows more adequate correction of adverse lifestyle factors. It corresponds to a different strategy for combating ARD: emphasis on low-carb diet and longer fasting window combined with consideration of other factors of IR.CONCLUSION: If the prevailing model of IR development is revised, this should open up opportunities for more effective early prevention of a wide range of chronic diseases in which the role of IR is significant.
A novel defect generation model based on two-stage GAN
Authors: Zhang Yuming , Gao Zhongyuan , Zhi Chao , Chen Mengqi , Zhou Youyong , Wang Shuai , Fu Sida , Yu Lingjie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The fabric defect models based on deep learning often demand numerous training samples to achieve high accuracy. However, obtaining a complete dataset containing all possible fabric textures and defects is a big challenge due to the sophisticated and various fabric textures and defect forms. This study created a two-stage deep pix2pixGAN network called Dual Deep pix2pixGAN Network (DPGAN) to address the above problem. The defect generation model was trained based on the DPGAN network to automatically “transfer” defects from defected fabric images to clean, defect-free fabric images, thus strengthening the training data. To evaluate the effectiveness of the defect generation model, extensive comparative experiments were conducted to assess the performance of the fabric defect detection before and after data enhancement. The results indicate that the detection accuracy was improved regarding the belt_yarn, hole, and stain defect.
Heat Engine Cycle Configurations for Maximum Work Output with Generalized Models of Reservoir Thermal Capacity and Heat Resistance
Authors: Chen Lingen , Xia Shaojun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A class of two finite-heat-reservoir endoreversible heat engine with the generalized models of both the reservoir thermal capacities and heat resistances is investigated. The optimality condition for cycle maximum work output is derived by applying optimal control theory, and impacts of both thermal capacity characteristics of heat reservoirs and heat transfer laws on the optimal configurations are discussed. The results obtained in some previous researches are special cases of those obtained herein, which can provide some guidelines for optimal design of actual heat engines.
Institutional Synergy Model in Development Tourism Village in East Lombok Regency
Authors: Wahyunadi Wahyunadi , Afifi Mansur , M.Firmansyah M.Firmansyah 
Published: September 2022

The objectives to be achieved in this research were to describe the pattern of institutional synergy and the factors that determine the synergy between institutions/stakeholders in developing Tourism Villages in East Lombok Regency. This research was qualitative-quantitative prospective research in which the perception of stakeholders/institutions towards synergies—data analysis using the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) method assisted by Tosmana version 1.54 software. QCA is a new way to research social phenomena that combines the power of quantitative and qualitative methods. In this study, the QCA method was used to find a model (pattern) and causality structure between the level of synergy between institutions (stakeholders) in the East Lombok Regency. Data processing using QCA software obtained results in the form of a QCA Output Truth Table showing the contribution of each stakeholder actor in supporting the realization of institutional synergy in the development of tourist villages. The level of contribution was measured through 4 (four) parameters. Based on the analysis of the QCA Truth Table results, the factors that form institutional synergy can be seen. These factors were based on factors that get strong support from stakeholders. The factors that received strong support from stakeholder actors were: responsibility (v4), strategic vision (v1), capacity (v2) and mindset (v3 ). The responsibility factor (v4) received a strong contribution from 7 stakeholders, the strategic vision factor (v1) received strong support from 6 stakeholders, the capacity factor (v2) received a strong contribution from 5 stakeholders, and the mindset factor (v3) received moderate support from 3 stakeholders.
Prognostic value of left ventricular global longitudinal strain and mechanical dispersion by speckle tracking echocardiography in patients with ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Golukhova E. Z. , Bulaeva N. I. , Mrikaev D. V. , Alexandrova S. A. , Berdibekov B. Sh. 
Published: September 2022

Aim. To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to evaluate the prognostic value of left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV GLS) and LV mechanical dispersion (LVMD) in ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy.Material and methods. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar and Embase for studies on the prognostic value of LV GLS and LVMD in ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy. Hazard ratios (HR) from included studies were pooled for metaanalysis.Results. Twelve studies were selected from 314 publications for this systematic review and meta-analysis. In total, 2624 patients (mean age, 57,3 years; mean follow-up, 40,8 months) were included in the analysis. Meta-analysis showed that decreased LV GLS was associated with an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) (adjusted HR: 1,10 per 1% of GLS; 95% CI: 1,01-1,19; p=0,03) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE): adjusted HR: 1,22 per 1% of GLS; 95% CI: 1,11-1,33; p<0,0001). Patients with VAs had greater LVMD than those without it (weighted mean difference, 33,69 ms; 95% CI: -41,32 to -26,05; p<0,0001). Each 10 ms increment of LVMD was significantly and independently associated with VA episodes (adjusted HR: 1,18; 95% CI: 1,08-1,29; p=0,0002).Conclusions. LV GLS and LVMD assessed using speckle tracking provides important predictive value and can be used as an effective tool for stratifying risk in patients with ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy.