bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coexistence of nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma
Authors: Wang Manzhi , Guo Yan , Dong Lin , Bi Kehong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
Nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (NMZL) is a relatively rare indolent lymphoma that is the least common subtype of marginal zone B-cell lymphoma. Furthermore, coexistence of lymphoma and multiple myeloma (MM) is rare. Here, we report a case of the coexistence of NMZL and MM.

Patient concerns:
The patient was a 66-year-old man with pain in the left rib and lower left back. Enlarged lymph nodes were palpable in the cervical and inguinal regions, the biggest of which was 4.0 × 2.0 cm in size in the left groin.

Diagnosis:
Pathological and immunohistochemical findings of the left inguinal lymph node revealed NMZL. The patient met the diagnostic criteria for symptomatic MM. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with NMZL and lambda-type MM.

Intervention:
We adopted a bortezomib, liposomal adriamycin, and dexamethasone (PAD) chemotherapy regimen mainly for MM.

Outcomes:
After 3 cycles of treatment, the patient achieved complete remission of myeloma. A 50% decrease in enlarged lymph node size was observed.

Lesson:
To our knowledge, this is the first case report of the simultaneous occurrence of NMZL and MM. Further studies are required to explain the association between these 2 tumors and improve treatment selection.
Spontaneous reduction of transvaginal small bowel evisceration after abdominal hysterectomy for cervical cancer
Authors: Lee Dong Hyung , Kim Eun Taeg , Jo Hyun Been , Hwang Seo Yoon , Lee Nam Kyung , Suh Dong Soo , Kim Ki Hyung 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
Transvaginal evisceration of the small bowel is an extremely rare condition after hysterectomy, which requires urgent surgical intervention to prevent serious bowel morbidity and mortality.

Patient concerns:
A 65-year-old woman presented with sudden-onset severe abdominal pain and a mass protruding through the vagina. The past surgical history was significant, with an abdominal hysterectomy for cervical cancer performed 11 weeks prior to presentation.

Diagnosis:
Pelvic examination revealed prolapsed small-bowel loops (18-20 cm in length). Pelvic computed tomography scan confirmed the presence of transvaginal evisceration of the small bowel.

Interventions:
Bowel reduction and urgent laparotomy were the selected treatment approaches for a detailed inspection and thorough washing of the intrα-abdominal cavity. A Foley catheter was inserted in the emergency room, with the subject in the lithotomy position. The prolapsed bowel loops spontaneously reduced without manual reduction, and the vault defect was repaired transvaginally.

Outcomes:
The patient experienced no postoperative complications and remained disease-free for 9months postoperatively.

Lessons:
Transvaginal evisceration of the small bowel should be considered a surgical emergency. A multidisciplinary approach to prompt case management involving clinicians in gynecology, general surgery, and emergency medicine is vital for preventing serious consequences. Hysterectomy is the most frequently performed gynecological surgical procedure, and evisceration occurs most often after hysterectomy. Therefore, patients should be informed about this rare but possible hysterectomy complication.
The Use of Validated Visual Scales in Plastic Surgery: Where Are We Now?
Authors: Alford Jake A. , Mao Diana , Comstock Bryan , Smartt James M. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
The assessment of the human body, whether for aesthetic or reconstructive purposes, is an inherently visual endeavor. Ideally, reproducible, prompt, and cost-effective systems of visual evaluation would exist that can provide validated assessments of the aesthetic endpoints of treatment. One method to accomplish a standardization of the appreciation of visual endpoints is the use of visual scales. The goal of this systematic review is to summarize and evaluate the use of validated visual scales within aesthetic medicine, dermatology, and plastic and reconstructive surgery.

Methods:
A literature search was performed with a defined search strategy and extensive manual screening process. The Medical Outcomes Trust guidelines for visual scales in medicine were used, with special attention paid to each study’s validation metrics. The review process identified 44 publications with validation data of sufficient quality from an initial survey of 27,745 articles. All rating scales based on imaging other than standardized clinical photographs were excluded.

Results:
The review demonstrates that validated visual assessment in plastic surgery is incomplete. Within specific subfields of aesthetic medicine and dermatology, many of the (n = 20) facial aging scales were well-validated and demonstrated high reliability. Publications (n = 8) focused on the evaluation of facial clefts demonstrated heterogeneity in the methods of validation and in overall reliability. Within the areas of breast surgery (n = 9), body contouring (n = 2), and scarring (n = 5), the scales were variable in the methods used and the validation procedures were diverse. Scales using a visual guide tended to have better interrater (kappa = 0.75) and intrarater reliability (kappa = 0.78), regardless of the specific area of interest.

Conclusions:
The fields of aesthetic medicine, and aesthetic and reconstructive plastic surgery require assessment of visual states over time and between many observers. For these reasons, the development of validated and reliable methods of visual assessment are critical. Until recently, the use of these tools has been limited by their time-consuming nature and cost.
Analysis of the Outcome of Reoperative Face Lifts Using Sub-SMAS Techniques
Authors: Chang Kristoffer N. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Reoperative face lift can be technically more demanding than primary face lift because of altered anatomy and scarred tissue plane. This study was carried out to analyze the outcome of reoperative face lift using sub–superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) techniques, including facial nerve injury.

Methods:
Seventy reoperative face lifts using sub-SMAS techniques were studied. Data analysis includes the patients’ demographic information, the interval between the previous face lift and the reoperative face lift, intraoperative findings of the SMAS-platysma anatomy, complications, and rate of revision. A separate group of 180 primary face lifts using sub-SMAS techniques during the same period was analyzed for the incidence of facial nerve injury only.

Results:
Intraoperative findings in the reoperative group consist of anatomical changes in the SMAS-platysma in 82.9 percent of the cases, including increased fibrosis, changes in thickness, limited movement, and increased adhesion on the undersurface. Sub-SMAS dissection was completed in 137 hemifaces. Complication consists of seroma (1.4 percent), delayed healing (1.4 percent), and temporary facial nerve injury (7.1 percent), which was not correlated with increased fibrosis or adhesion under the SMAS-platysma. The rate of revision within 18 months was 11.4 percent. There was a 2.2 percent incidence of temporary facial nerve injury in the primary face-lift group.

Conclusions:
Sub-SMAS techniques, with few exceptions, were successfully used in a series of reoperative face lifts. Temporary facial nerve injury was the most frequent complication. Satisfactory outcome was obtained in all the cases. The incidence of facial nerve injury was higher than in primary face lift using sub-SMAS techniques.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Quantitative Evaluation of Volume Augmentation and Durational Changes in the Anteromedial Cheek with Hyaluronic Acid Fillers Using Three-Dimensional Measurement: 2-Year Results from a Comparative Split-Face Study
Authors: Hong Jun Ki , Park Su Jung , Seo Seong Jun , Park Kui Young , Youn Choon Shik 
Published: May 2022

Summary:
Hyaluronic acid fillers are widely used for the augmentation of facial soft tissues. Hyaluronic acid fillers can be monophasic or biphasic and have different characteristics, especially regarding volumetric effects and maintenance potential. However, there is paucity of long-term quantitative and objective data on clinical outcomes following hyaluronic acid injection. In this study, the authors evaluated volumetric changes over 2 years and the maintenance potentials of both types of fillers on the anteromedial cheek using objective three-dimensional measurements. This comparative split-face study enrolled participants aged 30 to 50 years who received a midfacial injection of the test filler (Belotero Volume) on one side and a random control filler (Juvéderm, Restylane SubQ, or Yvoire Contour) on the contralateral side. The authors conducted three-dimensional scanning assessments at baseline and after 30 minutes; 3 days; 2, 4, 12, and 24 weeks; and 2 years. The volume augmentation effects for the anteromedial cheek of two monophasic fillers (Belotero Volume and Juvéderm Voluma) were maintained for at least 2 years (81 percent and 66 percent, respectively, compared to the volume at 4 weeks). Two biphasic fillers (Yvoire Contour and Restylane SubQ) maintained over 50 percent volume compared to the volume 4 weeks after injection. Monophasic fillers showed better outcomes than biphasic fillers; however, both types of hyaluronic acid fillers demonstrated superior efficacy, safety, and durability for volumetric augmentation in the anteromedial cheek. Objective data obtained using three-dimensional imaging analysis will enable dermatologists to better demonstrate the results of the procedure to patients, through the provision of visual aids.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, II.
Cartography and Topographic Mapping: The Historical Basis for the Standardization of Anatomical Analysis and Surgical Mark-Making to Improve Outcomes in Body Contouring
Authors: Teplica David , Cooney Emmett , Kirklys Marit , Jeffers Eileen 
Published: May 2022

Summary:
Maps have been used for thousands of years to guide and advance mankind’s interests. Recently, cartography has grown exponentially into standardized, densely layered systems, facilitating countless functions that use complex algorithms and multifactorial data. Surgeons have successfully addressed bodily concerns for centuries, aided by consistency of human anatomy, physiologic responses to disease, and patterns of disease. However, body contouring techniques alter the much more inconsistent surface anatomy of stretched or aged skin and highly variable subcutaneous fullness. To date, no consistent strategy has been proposed to analyze, map, and alter human shape in a standardized fashion; however, well-established cartographic methods for topographic mapping can be logically adapted to meet surgical needs. Quantification of results, valid and meaningful comparison of techniques, and anatomical discovery could all be achieved by adopting cartographic methods. As anatomists and scientists, surgeons constantly seek logical and reproducible methods to improve patient outcomes. In this article, the authors present a technique derived from topographic mapping, applied directly to the surface of the human body, reflecting the actual underlying anatomy, to guide both elective and reconstructive procedures. The method provides logical and quantifiable methods for (1) the analysis of anatomy, (2) data-driven planning of surgical care, and (3) a consistent operative implementation—so that each patient can receive individualized, anatomically based procedures. Use of well-established mapping strategies would also promote interdisciplinary collaboration, permit adaptation of software to analyze volume and shape, and improve patient outcomes through quantification of change and meaningful comparisons of procedural options.
Improvements in hand functions and changes in proximal muscle activities in myoelectric prosthetic hand users at home: a case series
Authors: Park Sangsoo , Lee Jaehyung , Oh Ye Eun , Lee Hyun-Joo , Jeon Inho , Kim Keehoon , Lee Song Joo 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Adaptation in proximal muscles for daily motor tasks after sustained use of a prosthetic hand has not been fully understood.

Objectives:
This study aimed to investigate changes in hand functions and activities of proximal muscles after multiple weeks of using a myoelectric prosthetic hand at home.

Study design:
Repeated measures.

Methods:
Four people with traumatic upper-limb loss used a myoelectric prosthetic hand (bebionic) at home over the 6- to 8-week period. A user survey, Orthotics and Prosthetics User Survey for Upper Extremity Functional Status 2.0, was used to measure upper-limb functions and the degree of using the prosthetic hand each week. Their hand functions, muscle activities, and grip-specific neuromuscular effort were evaluated by the Southampton Hand Assessment Procedure at the preassessment and postassessment sessions (PRE and POST, respectively).

Results:
All subjects increased Southampton Hand Assessment Procedure scores at PRE compared with POST with subject-specific changes in muscle activations. In a detail, at POST, subject 1 reduced the shoulder muscle activity compared with PRE, while at POST, subject 2 reduced biceps activity compared with PRE. At POST, greater pectoralis activity and reduced trapezius activity were observed in subject 3, and greater activity in those two muscles was found in subject 4 compared with PRE.

Conclusion:
After multiple weeks of using the myoelectric prosthetic hands, their hand functions during ADL tasks were improved and changes in the muscle activities were found.
Modeling the Impact of HIV-1 Nucleic Acid Testing Among Symptomatic Adult Outpatients in Kenya
Authors: Hamilton Deven T. , Agutu Clara , Babigumira Joseph B. , van der Elst Elise , Hassan Amin , Gichuru Evanson , Mugo Peter , Farquhar Carey , Ndung'u Thumbi , Sirengo Martin , Chege Wairimu , Goodreau Steven M. , Elder Adam , Sanders Eduard J. , Graham Susan M. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Up to 69% of adults who acquire HIV in Kenya seek care before seroconversion, providing an important opportunity for early diagnosis and treatment. The Tambua Mapema Plus (TMP) trial tested a combined HIV-1 nucleic acid testing, linkage, treatment, and partner notification intervention for adults aged 18–39 years with symptoms of acute HIV infection presenting to health facilities in coastal Kenya. We estimated the potential impact of TMP on the Kenyan HIV epidemic.

Methods:
We developed an agent-based network model of HIV-1 transmission using TMP data and Kenyan statistics to estimate potential population-level impact of targeted facility-based testing over 10 years. Three scenarios were modeled: standard care [current use of provider-initiated testing and counseling (PITC)], standard HIV rapid testing scaled to higher coverage obtained in TMP (scaled-up PITC), and the TMP intervention.

Results:
Standard care resulted in 90.7% of persons living with HIV (PLWH) knowing their status, with 67.5% of those diagnosed on treatment. Scaled-up PITC resulted in 94.4% of PLWH knowing their status and 70.4% of those diagnosed on treatment. The TMP intervention achieved 97.5% of PLWH knowing their status and 80.6% of those diagnosed on treatment. The percentage of infections averted was 1.0% (95% simulation intervals: −19.2% to 19.9%) for scaled-up PITC and 9.4% (95% simulation intervals: −8.1% to 24.5%) for TMP.

Conclusion:
Our study suggests that leveraging new technologies to identify acute HIV infection among symptomatic outpatients is superior to scaled-up PITC in this population, resulting in >95% knowledge of HIV status, and would reduce new HIV infections in Kenya.
CRISPR metabolic screen identifies ATM and KEAP1 as targetable genetic vulnerabilities in solid tumors
Authors: Li Haojian , Liu Yue , Wilson Crystal N. , Bai Hui Jen , Jones Maxwell , Wang Shihchun , Xiao Yunjie , DeVore Jennie E. , Maier Esther Y. , Boufraqech Myriem , Weyemi Urbain 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCancer treatments targeting DNA repair deficiencies often encounter drug resistance, possibly due to alternative metabolic pathways that counteract the most damaging effects. To identify such alternative pathways, we screened for metabolic pathways exhibiting synthetic lethality with inhibition of the DNA damage response kinase ATM using a metabolism-centered CRISPR/Cas9 library. Our data revealed Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) as a key factor involved in desensitizing cancer cells to ATM inhibition bothin vitroandin vivo. Cells depleted of KEAP1 exhibited an aberrant overexpression of the cystine transporter SLC7A11, robustly accumulated cystine inducing disulfide stress, and became hypersensitive to ATM inhibition. These hallmarks were reversed in a reducing cellular environment indicating that disulfide stress was a crucial factor. In the TCGA pan-cancer datasets, we found that ATM levels strongly correlated with KEAP1 levels across multiple solid malignancies. Together, our results unveil ATM and KEAP1 as new targetable vulnerabilities in solid tumors.
The soil microbiome may offer solutions to ginger cultivation
Authors: Wang Chih-Wei , Michelle Wong Jing-Wen , Yeh Shu-Shuo , Eric Hsieh Yunli , Tseng Ching-Hung , Yang Shan-Hua , Tang Sen-Lin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Taitung region is one of Taiwan’s main places for ginger agriculture. Due to issues with disease and nutrient, farmers cannot use continuous cropping techniques on ginger, meaning that the ginger industry is constantly searching for new lands. Continuous cropping increases the risk of infection by Pythium myriotylum and Ralstonia solanacearum, which cause soft rot disease and bacterial wilt, respectively. In addition, fertilizer additives cannot recover the soil when using continuous cropping on ginger, even when there is no decrease in trace elements observed in the soil. Although there may be other reasons for the reduction in production, such as soil microbes, we know little about the soil microbiome associated with ginger cultivation. Hence, in this study, we used the bacterial 16S V3–V4 hypervariable region of the 16S ribosomal RNA region to investigate microbe compositions in ginger soil to identify the difference between ginger soil with and without disease. Later, to investigate the influence of the well-known biocontrol agent-B. velezensis and fungicide Etridiazole on soil microbes and ginger productivity, we designed an experiment that collected the soil samples according to the different ginger cultivation periods to examine the microbial community dynamics in the rhizome and bulk soil. We demonstrated that B. velezensis is beneficial to ginger reproduction and suggest that it may influence the plant by adjusting its soil microbial composition. Etridiazole, on the other hand, may have some side effects on the ginger or beneficial bacteria in the soils, inhibiting ginger reproduction.
Paired stimulation for spike-timing dependent plasticity quantified with single neuron responses in primate motor cortex
Authors: Yun Richy , Mishler Jonathan H. , Perlmutter Steve I. , Fetz Eberhard E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSpike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP) is an extensively studied topic. Previous studies have demonstrated stimulus induced targeted STDP both in vitro and in vivo, but a more consistent and robust method is required. We hypothesized there were two reasons contributing to the inconsistent results previously reported: 1. the measure of connectivity is poorly understood, and 2. the timing of stimulation is static or has low temporal specificity. To test our hypotheses, we applied paired stimulation to the primary motor cortex of awake primates. Single unit responses to stimulation were used as measures of connectivity, and we applied inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs) from ±0.1 to ±50 ms with sub-millisecond intervals. The excitatory single unit response resulted in very consistent changes after conditioning that was dependent on the ISI. Negative ISIs resulted in depression similar to classic STDP, but positive ISI also often resulted in depression. Normalizing the ISIs to the timing of the excitatory response revealed that potentiation only occurred if the second stimulus arrived before the response. Stimuli occurring around the time of the response often resulted in depression as strong as negative ISIs. We additionally tracked the changes in cortico-cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs), a commonly used measure of connectivity in plasticity experiments. CCEP changes showed a similar but more variable dependence to ISI. These results show that the classic STDP curve may be more difficult to induce due to interactions between excitatory and inhibitory circuitry, and that CCEPs may not be the ideal measure of changes in strength of connectivity.
A Pairwise Imputation Strategy for Retaining Predictive Features When Combining Multiple Datasets
Authors: Wu Yujie , Ren Boyu , Patil Prasad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the training of predictive models using high-dimensional genomic data, multiple studies’ worth of data are often combined to increase sample size and improve generalizability. A drawback of this approach is that there may be different sets of features measured in each study due to variations in expression measurement platform or technology. It is often common practice to work only with the intersection of features measured in common across all studies, which results in the blind discarding of potentially useful feature information that is measured only in individual or subsets of all studies. We characterize the loss in predictive performance incurred by using only the intersection of feature information available across all studies when training predictors using gene expression data from microarray and sequencing datasets. We study the properties of linear and polynomial regression for imputing discarded features and demonstrate improvements in the external performance of predictors through simulation and in gene expression data collected on breast cancer patients. We propose and evaluate a pairwise imputation strategy that imputes cross-study missing features in each pair of studies and averages imputed features across pairs. Finally, we provide insights on which subsets of intersected and study-specific features should be used so that missing-feature imputation best promotes cross-study replicability. All code with directions to reproduce results in this paper is available athttps://github.com/YujieWuu/Pairwise_imputation
Fault detection based on extended state observer and interval observer for UAVs
Authors: Cao Lijia , Yang Xu , Wang Guoqing , Liu Yang , Hu Yu 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present an actuator fault detection method for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) based on interval observer and extended state observer.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed algorithm has very little model dependency. Therefore, a six-degree-of-freedom linear equation of UAVs is first established, and then, combined with actuator failure and external disturbances in flight control, a steering gear model with actuator failure (such as stuck bias and invalidation) is designed. Meanwhile, an extended state observer is designed for fault detection. Moreover, a fault detection scheme based on interval observer is designed by combining fault and disturbances.

Findings
The method is testified on the extended state observer and the interval observer under the failure of the steering gear and bounded disturbances. The simulation results show that the two types of fault detection schemes designed can successfully detect various types of faults and have high sensitivity.

Originality/value
This research paper studies the failure detection scheme of the UAVs’ actuator. The fault detection scheme in this paper has better performance on actuator faults and bounded disturbances than using regular fault detection schemes.