bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anemia Severity and the Risks of Postoperative Complications Following Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Gordon Adam M. , Malik Azeem Tariq 
Published: June 2022

Background: Although studies have demonstrated the effect of anemia severity on postoperative complications after arthroplasties of the shoulder, hip, and knee, no studies have investigated the effect on total ankle arthroplasty (TAA). The objective was to determine the influence of preoperative anemia severity on complications following TAA. Methods: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) was queried from 2006 to 2019 for patients undergoing TAA. Utilizing the World Health Organization (WHO) definitions of anemia, patients were stratified into 3 cohorts: nonanemia (hematocrit >36% for women, >39% for men), mild anemia (hematocrit 33%-36% for women, 33%-39% for men), and moderate to severe anemia (hematocrit <33% for both women and men). Demographics, comorbidities, length of stay, and short-term (30-day) postoperative complications were compared between groups. Bivariate analyses, including χ2 and analysis of variance, and multivariable logistical regression were performed. Results: After exclusion, 1490 patients (1313 nonanemia [88.1%], 154 mild anemia [10.3%], and 23 moderate/severe anemia [1.6%]) were included. Increasing severity of anemia was associated with an increased average hospital length of stay (1.84 vs 2.19 vs 2.78 days, P < .001) and rate of reoperation (0.38% vs 3.90% vs 4.35%, P < .001). There was a statistically significant increase in wound disruptions (0.15% vs 1.95% vs 4.35%, P = .001), minor complications (1.52% vs 4.55% vs 8.70%, P = .008), major complications (1.98% vs 5.84% vs 4.35%, P < .033), and any complications (3.50% vs 10.39% vs 13.04%, P = .001) between groups. Multivariate analysis identified mild and moderate/severe anemia as a predictor of reoperation and extended length of stay (P ≤ .033). Discussion: Preoperative anemia is a modifiable risk factor for medical and surgical complications within 30 days of TAA. Medical optimization prior to surgical intervention is necessary in patients undergoing TAA. Level of Evidence: Level III: Retrospective comparative study
The iridocorneal angle and related anterior segment structures in pediatric anisohyperopic amblyopic eyes
Authors: Karabulut Müjdat , Karabulut Sinem , Simsek Hüseyin Cem , Karalezli Aylin 
Published: June 2022

Objectives: We aimed at investigating the iridocorneal angle, anterior segment structural differences, and their relationship in pediatric anisohyperopic amblyopic eyes. Methods: This study was designed as an observational case-control study. We prospectively evaluated the pediatric patients who were newly diagnosed with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia. Iridocorrneal angle in four sectors, axial length, and anterior segment structures were compared to emmetropic fellow and control eyes using Pentacam and IOLMaster 700 devices. The anisohyperopia and iridocorneal angle related factors were determined in hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes. Results: Forty-three hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes, 43 fellow eyes, and 44 control eyes were included. The mean axial length, anterior chamber volume, and anterior chamber depth were significantly reduced in the study eyes compared to the fellow (p < 0.001, p = 0.021, and p = 0.045, respectively) and control eyes (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, and p = 0.009, respectively). The average iridocorneal angle was significantly lower in the study eyes than in the fellow and control eyes (p < 0.001 and p = 0.018, respectively). The iridocorneal angle correlated with anterior chamber depth (r = 0.49, p = 0.013), anterior chamber volume (r = 0.42, p = 0.038), the anterior radius of curvature (r =−0.54, p = 0.005), the posterior radius of curvature (r =−0.58, p = 0.002), and lens thickness (Rho =−0.41, p = 0.033) in the study eyes. Anisohyperopia was related to the interocular difference in axial length (Rho = 0.53, p = 0.005), anterior chamber depth (Rho = 0.53, p = 0.005), and anterior chamber volume (Rho = 0.42, p = 0.031). Conclusion: Pentacam and IOLMaster 700 are suitable for non-contact imaging of iridocorneal angle and anterior segment structures in the pediatric age. These biometric differences and their relationship should be kept in mind whenever anterior or posterior segment surgery is planned for pediatric anisohyperopic amblyopic eyes.
Diagnosis and management of a laryngeal cyst in a domestic shorthair cat
Authors: Manson Katrina C , Graham Julia L , Rozanski Elizabeth A 
Published: June 2022

Case summary A 7-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat was presented with a 3-month history of dyspnea when exercising and increased respiratory noise when purring. Initial radiographs identified a suspected laryngeal mass. Point-of-care ultrasound found a fluid-filled structure on the larynx, which was drained percutaneously. The cat initially recovered well but, due to recurrence of clinical signs, a CT scan was performed, which confirmed the presence of a laryngeal cyst that was subsequently surgically resected. Histopathological analysis was consistent with a suspected thyroglossal cyst. Relevance and novel information This is only the second report of a laryngeal cyst in the cat. While malignant laryngeal disease may be more prevalent in the cat, benign differentials should be considered as treatment could be curative, as was observed in this case.
The Definition of the Term “Orthogeriatric Infection” for Periprosthetic Joint Infections
Authors: Walter Nike , Rupp Markus , Bärtl Susanne , Uecker Claus , Alt Volker 
Published: June 2022

Introduction In the background of the aging population, an increase of geriatric patients with specific age-related co-morbidities has already been seen over the years for proximal femur fractures in orthopaedic surgery as well as other medical disciplines. However, the geriatric aspect has not been well recognized in periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) patients so far. Therefore, this paper seeks to provide an overview on the co-morbidities of PJI patients with respect to the definition of geriatric patients. Material and methods In this single-center retrospective study, patients treated between 2007 and 2020 for PJI were included (n = 255). Patients were defined as geriatric according to the consensus definition criteria of the Federal Working Group of Clinical Geriatric Facilities e.V., the German Society for Geriatrics e.V. and the German Society for Gerontology and Geriatrics e.V. based on age (≤70 years), geriatric multimorbidity and the Barthel index (≤30). Results Applying the criteria defined 184 of the 255 (72.2%) PJI patients as geriatric infection patients. Regarding geriatric comorbidity, incontinence was most prevalent (38.1%), followed by immobility (25.6%). Comparing the geriatric infection patients with those classified as non-geriatric (n = 71) revealed that geriatric patients had a longer hospital stay and spent more days in the intensive care unit (ICU). Also, the amputation rate and the 5-year mortality rate was significantly increased (n = 15, 8.2% vs n = 1, 1.4%, P = .007 and n = 24, 13.0% vs n = 5, 7.0%, P = .005). The Barthel index showed a significant correlation with mortality ( r = −.22, P = .011). Discussion We propose to use the term orthogeriatric infection patients in those cases in order to focus treatment not only on the orthopaedic infections but also on the important geriatric aspects. Conclusion The inclusion of geriatric physicians into the multidisciplinary team approach for PJI patients might be beneficial.
COVID-19 vaccination perceptions and attitudes among Egyptian medical students
Authors: Abdel-Aziz Shaimaa Baher , Rashad Salem Marwa , Al Hanafy Salah Hassan , Sayad Ayad Sherry , Bayad Ahmed T , Shaheen Dina Samy , Tawfik Amin Tarek 
Published: June 2022

Background: This study aimed to assess perceptions and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines among medical students. Methods: A consecutive convenient sample of 2100 university students representing the student’s union network were included using an electronic self-administered questionnaire. About 12 items were used to assess attitudes and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines. Results: A total of 2100 volunteers responded to the survey. All ages ranged from 18 to 25 years, 69% were females, and 57.3% were from urban residences. According to their willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, 49.7% accepted, 38.5% hesitated, and 11.8% refused vaccination. Out of 60 scales measuring their attitudes, a median total score of 46.0 (42.0–49.0) differed significantly in relation to genders, residence, and vaccine decision-making groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that participants who consented that COVID-19 mass vaccination could prevent the spread of infection in the community and stop the pandemic have 1.9 higher odds of accepting vaccination ( p = 0.003). Additionally, the participants who believed that the vaccine had no severe infection or side effects were 3.1 and 2.8 higher folds for vaccine acceptance, respectively ( p = 0.001). Moreover, participants who thought it was not too early for clinical trials were 4.3 times more likely to take the vaccine ( p = 0.001). Individuals who agreed that information about vaccine side effects better to discuss openly with the authorities were 2.8 times more likely to accept vaccination than other hesitating/ refusing groups, p-value < 0.001. Conclusions: Understanding students’ perspectives of the COVID-19 vaccine and supporting their health engagement and awareness may help plan an adequate response.
Almost 50% of young alpine and mogul skiers who had ended their elite careers after high school reported this was due to injuries
Authors: Abrahamson Josefin , Jónasson Pall , Sansone Mikael , Aminoff Anna Swärd , Todd Carl , Karlsson Jón , Baranto Adad 
Published: June 2022

Objectives: To evaluate activity level, sports career and injuries in young elite alpine and ogul skiers five years after High school graduation. Methods: All students (n=76) at Åre Ski Academy High school (National Sports High school) were invited to participate in this prospective study at baseline. Two skiers were excluded. They answered questions regarding type and frequency of training and symptoms/injuries in the back and/or hips. Five years after graduation the skiers were contacted, by phone, to answer the same questions with additional questions about the reason why they no longer were at the same level or had finished skiing. Results: Sixty (81%) skiers answered the 5-year follow-up. Totally, 44 skiers (73%) had ended their elite careers, in mean 1 year after graduation. Of those, 48% (21 skiers) reported injuries were the reason they were forced to quit. Ten had back injuries, 6 knee injuries, 3 concussions and two hip injuries. Conclusion: Almost 75% of young alpine and mogul skiers had ended their elite skiing careers, with 48% reported this was due to injuries from their skiing.
Three hours of Moderate Intensity Exercise Training Reduces Glucose Tolerance in Endurance Trained Athletes
Authors: Flockhart M , Tischer D , Nilsson LC , Blackwood SJ , Ekblom B , Katz A , Apró W , Larsen FJ 
Published: June 2022

Objectives: It is well accepted that exercise training improves glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity, and that endurance trained athletes in general show a high capacity for these parameters. However, some studies have observed negative effects on glucose regulation in healthy, trained subjects the day after exercise. These, often unexpected, results have been postulated to be caused by excessive training loads, muscle damage, energy deficit, differences in glucose uptake in the exercised and non-exercised musculature and a metabolic interaction through increased fatty acid metabolism. The mode or volume of exercise that can lead to glucose intolerance in trained athletes as well as its relevance for health and performance are, however, not fully understood. We here studied the metabolic response to a glucose load the day after a session of high intensity interval training (HIIT) or three hours of continuous exercise (3h) in endurance trained athletes and compared the results with measurements during rest. Methods: Nine endurance trained athletes underwent oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) after rest and ˜14 hours after exercise on a cycle ergometer (HIIT 5x4 minutes at ˜95% of VO2max or 3h at 65% of VO2max). Concentrations of glucose, insulin, free fatty acids (FFA) and ketones (β-hydroxybutyrate) were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using a RM one-way ANOVA. Results: The area under the curve (AUC) during the OGTT increased greatly after 3h (668±124 mM · min) (p<0.01) compared to rest (532±89) but was found to be unchanged after HIIT (541±96). Resting values of FFA and ketones were increased after 3h (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively) but not after HIIT. Insulin was found to be unaltered during all conditions. Conclusion: Here, we show manifestation of glucose intolerance in endurance trained athletes together with concomitant increases in plasma concentrations of FFA and ketones the day after a session of prolonged exercise training but not after HIIT. This could be a protective response for securing glucose delivery to the brain and therefore have a positive effect on endurance. It also has the potential to reduce the recovery of glycogen depots, glucose uptake during exercise and performance at higher work rates.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Concerning Covid-19 Preventive Measures Among Healthcare Providers in Jordan
Authors: Amro Fayez Majed , Rayan Ahmad Hussien , Eshah Nidal Fareed , ALBashtawy Mohammed Sa'd 
Published: June 2022

Purpose This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare workers toward COVID-19 preventive measures and related factors. Methods Descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional design was used. A convenience sample of 140 Jordanian healthcare providers working in COVID-19 units from governmental hospitals completed the study during February–March 2021. A self-reported measure with three domains: knowledge (e.g., COVID-19 transmissions), attitudes (e.g., COVID-19 vaccination), and practices (e.g., handwashing) were used. An independent t-test was performed to assess the difference in knowledge, attitude, and practice depending on demographic and work-related variables, while Pearson r and multiple linear regression were performed to identify the relationships between the study variables and the predictors of COVID-19 preventive practices. Results The majority of the participants had good knowledge (81.4%), good attitude (87.1%), and satisfactory practice (77.9%). Knowledge was significantly associated with attitude and practice ( p < .01), and attitude was significantly associated with practice ( p < .01). There was a statistically significant difference in knowledge, attitude, and practice depending on the existence of infection control policy, availability of PPE, and receiving infection control training ( p < .05). Predictors of COVID-19 practice included knowledge and attitude, PPE availability, and receiving training on infection control ( p < .05). Conclusion This result might suggest that there are some gaps between knowledge, attitudes, and practices of COVID-19 preventive measures. Lack of PPE and inadequate infection control training could contribute to this gap.
Early cardiac response is possible in stage IIIb cardiac AL amyloidosis and is associated with prolonged survival
Authors: Basset Marco , Milani Paolo , Foli Andrea , Nuvolone Mario , Benvenuti Pietro , Nanci Martina , Fabris Francesca , Bellofiore Claudia , Merlini Giampaolo , Palladini Giovanni 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Patients with immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis and stage IIIb cardiac involvement have a dismal outcome despite the introduction of novel treatments. However, a rapid hematologic response translates in better survival. We evaluated the impact of early cardiac response and its depth on outcome in 249 patients with newly diagnosed stage IIIb cardiac AL amyloidosis. Hematologic and cardiac responses were evaluated by intent to treat. After a median follow-up of 52 months, 219 (84%) patients died, and median survival was 4.2 months. The 30- and 90-day hematologic response rates were 22% (at least very good partial response [VGPR] in 9%) and 24% (at least VGPR in 15%), respectively. Early hematologic response resulted in better survival. At 90 days, 21 (8%) patients achieved a cardiac response (cardiac very good partial response [cardiac VGPR] in 12 cases and cardiac partial response [cardiac PR] in 9). At the 90-day landmark analysis, cardiac response resulted in longer survival (median, 54 months), also in those patients who have achieved at least VGPR (median, 62 vs 26 months, P = .011). Patients with cardiac VGPR had a longer survival than those with cardiac PR (median, 92 vs 24 months; P = .027), whereas patients without cardiac response had a poor survival (median, 6 months). A baseline difference of involved/uninvolved free light chains &gt; 50 mg/L (odds ratio [OR], 0.21, P = .024) and a bone marrow plasma cell infiltrate &gt; 10% (OR, 0.23, P = .040) were negative predictors of 90-day cardiac response. Early cardiac responses are rare but possible in stage IIIb AL amyloidosis and translate to longer survival.
The VWF binding aptamer rondoraptivon pegol increases platelet counts and VWF/FVIII in type 2B von Willebrand disease
Authors: Ay Cihan , Pabinger Ingrid , Kovacevic Katarina D. , Gelbenegger Georg , Schörgenhofer Christian , Quehenberger Peter , Jilma-Stohlawetz Petra , Sunder-Plassman Raute , Gilbert James C. , Zhu Shuhao , Jilma Bernd , Derhaschnig Ulla 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Type 2B von Willebrand disease (VWD) is characterized by an increased binding affinity of von Willebrand factor (VWF) to platelet glycoprotein Ib. This can lead to clearance of high-molecular-weight (HMW) multimers and thrombocytopenia with a resulting moderate-severe bleeding phenotype. Rondoraptivon pegol (BT200) is a pegylated aptamer binding to the A1 domain of VWF with a novel mechanism of action: it enhances VWF/factor VIII (FVIII) levels by decreasing their clearance. To study the potential benefit of rondoraptivon pegol in patients with type 2B VWD, we conducted a prospective phase 2 trial. Patients with type 2B VWD received 3 mg rondoraptivon pegol subcutaneously on study days 1, 4, and 7, followed by 6 to 9 mg every week until day 28. Five patients (male:female ratio = 3:2) were included. Rondoraptivon pegol rapidly tripled platelet counts from a median of 60 to 179 × 10E9/L (P &lt; .001). Circulating VWF antigen increased from a median of 64% to 143%, which doubled FVIII activity levels from 67% to 134%. In all thrombocytopenic patients, plasma levels of VWF:GPIbM normalized, VWF ristocetin cofactor and VWF collagen-binding activity increased, and HMW multimers appeared. These pronounced improvements reversed during washout of the drug, thus demonstrating causality. The A1 domain binding aptamer directly corrects the underlying defect of type 2B VWD, thus providing a novel potential option for prophylaxis and treatment of patients with this VWD type. These data provide the basis for a phase 2b/3 trial in such patients. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT04677803.
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase Asp298Glu (894G/T) gene polymorphism as a possible risk factor for the coronary slow flow phenomenon among Iranians
Authors: Karimi Yeganeh , Sehati Fatemeh , Sarreshtedari Ali , Mirzad Mina , Khalili Yasaman , Kiani Reza , Taheri Bajgan Elham , Hosseini Moghadam Maryam , Mehrvarz Farzaneh , Bakhshandeh Hooman , Parham Maryam , Malakootian Mahshid , Sadeghipour Parham 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Mounting evidence indicates an association between endothelial dysfunction and the coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP). In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the possible role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) 894G/T and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) 315C/T polymorphisms as possible risk factors for CSFP.

Methods
This prospective study enrolled patients with CSFP and individuals with normal coronary arteries. Genotypes were assessed using regular polymerase chain reaction and direct Sanger-sequencing techniques.

Results
The study population consisted of 267 individuals: 180 patients with CSFP (49 women [27.2%]) at a median age of 55 (48–62) years and 87 controls with normal coronary arteries (56 women [64.4%]) at a median age of 47 (41–58) years. The allelic distribution of eNOS 894G/T was significantly associated with CSFP (odds ratio [OR], 1.58; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04–2.42; P = 0.03). This polymorphism increased the risk of CSFP under the dominant model (OR 1.73; 95% CI I.02–2.95; P = 0.04). However, the allelic frequencies (1.05; 95% CI 0.68–1.59; P = 0.83) and genotypic frequencies (0.88; 95% CI 0.52–1.49; P = 0.63) of the IL-1β 315C/T polymorphism were not associated with the incidence of CSFP in the Iranian population.

Conclusions
The CSFP and control groups were statistically different regarding the eNOS 894G/T polymorphism. Our findings also demonstrated that the IL-1β 315C/T polymorphism was not a risk factor for CSFP.
Feasibility study of adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 after curative esophagectomy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy for esophageal cancer
Authors: Hirahara Noriyuki , Matsubara Takeshi , Kaji Shunsuke , Hayashi Hikota , Kawakami Koki , Sasaki Yohei , Takao Satoshi , Takao Natsuko , Hyakudomi Ryoji , Yamamoto Tetsu , Tajima Yoshitsugu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite advances in surgical techniques, long-term survival after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer remains unacceptably low, and more effective perioperative chemotherapy is expected. However, an important concern regarding the application of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is treatment toxicity. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 in patients after esophagectomy.

Methods
We investigated the tolerability of a 2-week administration followed by 1-week rest regimen of S1 as postoperative adjuvant therapy in 20 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and 22 patients who did not receive NAC during 2011–2020.

Results
In the non-NAC group, the mean and median relative dose intensity (RDI) were 78.7% and 99.4%, respectively, and 11 patients (50%) had altered treatment schedules. The corresponding rates in the NAC group were 77.9% and 100%, respectively, and nine patients (45%) had altered treatment schedules, with no significant difference among the groups. Moreover, 17 patients (77.2%) in the non-NAC group and 16 patients (80.0%) in the NAC group continued S-1 treatment as planned for one year postoperatively, with no significant difference in the S-1 continuation rate (p = 0.500). Seventeen of 22 patients (77.3%) and 15 of 20 patients (75.0%) experienced several adverse events in the non-NAC and NAC groups, respectively. The frequency, severity, and type of adverse events were consistent among patients with and without NAC.

Conclusions
S-1 could be safely and continuously administered as adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with esophageal cancer regardless of NAC. Long-term prognosis should be evaluated for S-1 to become the standard treatment after esophagectomy.