bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of Cardiac‐MRI Scar Heterogeneity Combined With Left Ventricular Strain in Patients With Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Zhao Xiaoying , Zhao Xinxiang , Jin Fuwei , Wang Lujing , Zhang Li 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundSudden cardiac death (SCD) after myocardial infarction (MI) is mostly caused by ventricular arrhythmias. As an arrhythmogenic substrate, infarct border zone (BZ) results in adverse electrophysiological properties.PurposeTo explore myocardial scar entropy (BZ, infarct core [IC], BZ + IC, expressed as IBZ) and to investigate their prognostic value combined with left ventricular (LV) strain parameters (global radial strain [GRS], global circumferential strain [GCS], global longitudinal strain [GLS]) in patients after MI.Study TypeProspective.PopulationOne hundred fifty‐seven patients with previous MI, 26 in primary endpoint events group, 30 in secondary endpoint events group, and 43 in total endpoint events (primary + secondary).Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T/cine, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE).AssessmentThree‐dimensional feature tracking analysis for three directions (radial, circumferential, and longitudinal), entropy and extent of infarct‐related areas (BZ, IC, and IBZ), LV functional parameters.Statistical TestsStudent t‐test, Mann–Whitney U, Spearman or Pearson rank correlation analysis, receiver operating characteristic curve, Kaplan–Meier event‐free survival curve, and Cox proportional hazards regression were used. Results were considered statistically significant at P < 0.05.ResultsLGE extent and entropy of all infarct‐related areas (BZ, IC, and IBZ) were significantly higher and GLS were lower in patients with endpoint events than those without. BZ and IBC entropy were further associated with LV strain in after‐MI patients. In the univariable and multivariable Cox analysis, BZ entropy manifested independent association with primary endpoint events (hazard ratio: 3.859; 95% confidence interval: 2.136–6.974). Primary and secondary endpoint events prognostic value was improved by the addition of BZ entropy and GLS to the LVEF model (Delong test, Z = 2.729 for primary endpoint events; Z = 3.230 for secondary endpoint events).Data ConclusionEntropy of myocardial fibrosis was associated with LV strain. Assessment of BZ entropy and GLS improved prognostic value for endpoint events of LVEF.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 5
Compensatory coping and depression in women with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome
Authors: Sutherland Susanna , Grace Kelly Anna , Ryden Anna , Dmochowski Roger R. , Reynolds William S. , McKernan Lindsey C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionWomen with genitourinary pain, a hallmark symptom of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), are at a two‐ to four‐fold risk for depression as compared to women without genitourinary pain. Despite the pervasive impact of IC/BPS on psychological health, there is a paucity of empirical research on understanding the relation between IC/BPS and psychological distress. It has been previously reported that women with overactive bladder use increased compensatory coping and these behaviors are associated with heightened anxiety and stress. However, it is unknown whether a similar pattern emerges in IC/BPS populations, as ICBPS and OAB share many similar urinary symptoms. The current study examined the relationship between compensatory coping behaviors and symptoms of psychological distress in a sample of women with IC/BPS to inform understanding of risk and potential mechanisms for intervention.MethodThis was a secondary analysis of an observational cohort of women with bladder symptoms. Fifty‐five adult women with IC/BPS completed validated assessments of genitourinary symptoms, emotional distress, and bladder coping behaviors. Five compensatory coping behaviors were summed to create a total Bladder Coping Score. Linear regression examined associations between individual coping behaviors, total compensatory coping scores, and other risk variables.ResultsMost (93%) participants reported use of at least one compensatory coping behavior. Age, education level, history of vaginal birth, and symptom severity were all associated with greater compensatory coping scores, and anxiety was not. Beyond the influence of symptom severity, higher levels of depression were significantly associated with higher compensatory coping scores.DiscussionGreater compensatory coping was associated with increased depression but not anxiety, suggesting different profiles of coping and psychological distress may exist among different types of bladder dysfunction.
Clinical hypnosis can reduce lower urinary tract symptoms in individuals with chronic pain
Authors: McKernan Lindsey C. , Connors Erin L. , Ryden Anna M. , Finn Michael T. M. , Kim Ahra , Vandekar Simon N. , Dmochowski Roger R. , Reynolds W. Stuart 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStudy PurposeLower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) can occur in chronic pain populations at high rates and drastically affect quality of life. Hypnosis is a nonpharmacological treatment used in chronic pain known to have beneficial implications to health outside of pain reduction. This study evaluated the potential for hypnosis to reduce LUTS in a sample of individuals with chronic pain, if baseline LUTS severity affected outcomes, and specific LUTS that may respond to hypnosis.MethodsSixty‐four adults with chronic pain and LUTS at a level of detectable symptom change (American Urological Association Symptom Index, AUASI  3) participated in an 8‐week group hypnosis protocol. Participants completed validated assessments of LUTS, pain, and overall functioning before, after, 3‐ and 6‐months posttreatment. Linear mixed effects models assessed improvement in LUTS over time while accounting for known factors associated with outcome (e.g., age, gender). The interaction of baseline symptom severity and treatment assessed the potential effect of baseline symptoms on change scores.ResultsParticipants experienced significant and meaningful improvements in LUTS following group hypnosis (p = 0.006). There was a significant interaction between baseline symptom severity and treatment (p < 0.001), such that those with severe symptoms experienced the most pronounced gains over time (e.g., an 8.8 point reduction). Gains increased over time for those with moderate and severe symptoms. Changes in LUT symptoms occurred independently of pain relief.ConclusionsThis pilot study suggests hypnosis has the potential to drastically improve LUTS in individuals with chronic pain, even when pain reduction does not occur. Results provide initial evidence for the treatment potential of hypnosis in urologic pain (and possibly non‐pain/benign) populations, with randomized trials needed for definitive outcomes.
Gender‐affirming vaginoplasty: Technical considerations in patients with genital skin deficiency
Authors: Huang Jason B. , Lai Andrew , Morgantini Luca A. , Smith John B. , Millman Alexandra L. , Cedeno Juan D. , Crivellaro Simone , Acar Omer , Kocjancic Ervin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionGender dysphoria affects over 1 million American adults. Vaginoplasty is a critical step in gender affirmation, and many patients have insufficient genital skin for full‐depth penile inversion vaginoplasty (PIV). We reviewed the literature for technical considerations addressing this and present our data supporting the use of peritoneal flaps (Davydov technique).Materials and MethodsA comprehensive review of modern literature was conducted. Second, we present a retrospective case review of our experience with PIV, including data from procedures utilizing peritoneal flaps.ResultsWe identified 20 original articles, including retrospective and prospective case and cohort studies. Approaches included the application of local soft tissue grafts and flaps, peritoneal flaps, and intestinal segments. Between June 2018 and February 2021, 47 patients at our institution, underwent PIV for the treatment of gender dysphoria. Nineteen of those patients underwent robotic‐assisted peritoneal flap procedure in addition to PIV. In this cohort, the mean follow‐up was 200.6 ± 124.8 days. Mean neovaginal depth was 13.1 ± 3.0 cm intra‐operatively and 11.0 cm at the last follow‐up. Twenty‐six percent of complications were Clavien Grade 1 or 2; others included wound dehiscence (30.4%), perianal and urethral fistula (13.0%), and neovaginal stenosis (8.7%). The majority of patients reported satisfactory results in terms of sexual function with intact tactile and erogenous sensation. Almost half were able to have penetrative vaginal intercourse at the last follow‐up. We did not aim to perform statistical calculations to compare the outcomes of PIV with and without robotic‐assisted peritoneal flap augmentation, as the groups were not constructed in that manner. However, it is evident that anatomical and functional results as well as the distribution of postoperative complications seem similar.ConclusionVaginoplasty is indicated in a growing population of patients with a wide range of medical histories and anatomic variations. Genitourinary reconstructive surgeons must have several methods to achieve full‐depth vaginoplasty in cases of inadequate genital skin. Peritoneal flaps serve as a versatile, safe, and functionally advantageous solution.
Health as expanding consciousness: Change of psychological situation in nursing students
Authors: Tang Lulu , Lu Shuting , Lai Yingtao , Deng Rudong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimThis study aims to explore the mind of Chinese nursing students transitioning to online education in the pandemic using health as expanding consciousness (HEC) as methodology.DesignA qualitative, descriptive study based on interviews.MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted from September to November 2021 by students in the Guangzhou university of Chinese medicine. Thirteen participants were recruited using purposive sampling. A questionnaire containing two sections with demographic information, the General Self‐Efficacy Scale (GSES) and the Connor‐Davidson resilience scale (CD‐RISC)‐10 was collected to explore the health of participants.ResultsA total of 13 participants were enrolled in the study (69% female). Students ranged in age between 19 and 24 years and the mean age was 22 years. All students lived with their families. Five participants (38%) had a master's degree in nursing, three (23%) were in fourth year of college, four (30%) were in third year of college and one (7%) was in their second year of college respectively. More than half of the participants had high levels of mental toughness and self‐efficacy. Four generic categories were identified form a unitary‐transformative paradigm perspective. The respondents reported three health pattern phases: Curriculum Transformation, Curriculum adaptation and Curriculum expansion.ConclusionThis research backs up Newman's hypothesis, and supports the theoretical framework. HEC explains well the psychology of nursing students during the epidemic. More research is needed in the future to develop comprehensive, targeted emotional regulation therapies for nursing students.
The employment and redistributive effects of reducing or eliminating minimum wage tip credits
Authors: Neumark David , Yen Maysen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecent policy debate on minimum wages has focused not only on raising the minimum wage, but on eliminating the tip credit for restaurant workers. We use data on past variation in tip credits—or minimum wages for restaurant workers—to provide evidence on the potential impacts of eliminating (or reducing) the tip credit. Our evidence points to higher tipped minimum wages (smaller tip credits) reducing jobs among tipped restaurant workers, without positive earnings effects on those who remain employed sufficiently large to raise total earnings in this sector. And most of our evidence provides no indication that higher tipped minimum wages would be well targeted to poor or low‐income families or reduce the likelihood of being poor or very low income.
Early outcome after craniospinal irradiation with pencil beam scanning proton therapy for children, adolescents and young adults with brain tumors
Authors: Vázquez Miriam , Bachmann Nicolas , Pica Alessia , Bolsi Alessandra , De Angelis Claudio , Lomax Antony J. , Weber Damien C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCentral nervous system (CNS) tumors are the most common solid malignancies in children and adolescents and young adults (C‐AYAs). Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) is an essential treatment component for some malignancies, but it can also lead to important toxicity. Pencil beam scanning proton therapy (PBSPT) allows for a minimization of dose delivered to organs at risk and, thus, potentially reduced acute and late toxicity. This study aims to report the clinical outcomes and toxicity rates after CSI for C‐AYAs treated with PBSPT. Seventy‐one C‐AYAs (median age: 7.4 years) with CNS tumors were treated with CSI between 2004 and 2021. Medulloblastoma (n = 42: 59%) and ependymoma (n = 8; 11%) were the most common histologies. Median prescribed total PBSPT dose was 54 GyRBE (range: 18–60.4), and median prescribed craniospinal dose was 24 GyRBE (range: 18–36.8). Acute and late toxicities were coded according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. After a median follow‐up of 24.5 months, the estimated 2‐year local control, distant control, and overall survival were 86.3%, 80.5%, and 84.7%, respectively. Late grade ≥3 toxicity‐free rate was 92.6% at 2 years. Recurrent and metastatic tumors were associated with worse outcome. In conclusion, excellent tumor control with low toxicity rates was observed in C‐AYAs with brain tumors treated with CSI using PBSPT.
Association of delirium and spatial neglect in patients with right‐hemisphere stroke
Authors: Ott Jamie , Oh‐Park Mooyeon , Boukrina Olga 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundDelirium, an acute and fluctuating decline in cognitive functioning, increases mortality and length of hospital stays (LOS) and adversely affects functional outcomes. Previous studies suggested that the incidence of delirium may be increased in right‐hemisphere strokes. Similarly, spatial neglect, a disabling deficit in unilateral spatial processing, is more common and more severe following a right‐sided stroke. Spatial neglect has been established as a risk factor for delirium.ObjectiveIt was hypothesized that functionally relevant spatial neglect and delirium are associated in patients with right‐hemisphere stroke during acute inpatient rehabilitation. Data were examined from consecutive unilateral stroke patients evaluated with the 3‐minute diagnostic interview for confusion assessment method (3D‐CAM) and the Catherine Bergego Scale (CBS) via the Kessler Foundation Neglect Assessment Process (KF‐NAP).DesignA retrospective, cohort study.SettingData collected in an acute inpatient rehabilitation facility.ParticipantsSix hundred twenty six patients with stroke were included.Main Outcome MeasuresThe measures were the relative risk of patients with right‐hemisphere stroke having delirium when also positive for spatial neglect compared to patients with right‐hemisphere stroke without spatial neglect, the incidence of 3D‐CAM positive results by stroke hemisphere, and the effect of spatial neglect and delirium on functional outcomes for patients with right‐brain stroke patients.ResultsThere was a significantly higher risk of delirium in patients with right‐hemisphere stroke with spatial neglect compared to patients with right‐hemisphere stroke without spatial neglect. The rates of 3D‐CAM positive results were not statistically different for left‐ compared to right‐hemisphere strokes. Both delirium and spatial neglect had significant adverse effects on right‐hemisphere stroke patients' functional independence.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate an association between spatial neglect and delirium in patients with right hemisphere stroke in the acute inpatient rehabilitation setting. Because of the negative effect of these impairments on functional outcomes after stroke, prevention, early detection, and targeted treatments should be prioritized for these patients.
Outcomes of infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia who received tracheostomy and home ventilation
Authors: Akangire Gangaram , Lachica Charisse , Noel‐MacDonnell Janelle , Begley Addie , Sampath Venkatesh , Truog William , Manimtim Winston 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the survival rate, timing of liberation from the ventilator, and factors favorable for decannulation among infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (sBPD) who received tracheostomy.MethodsDemographics and clinical outcomes were obtained through retrospective chart review of 98 infants with sBPD who were born between 2004 and 2017, received tracheostomy at <1 year of age, and were followed in the Infant Tracheostomy and Home Ventilator clinic up to 4 years of age.ResultsThe number of infants with sBPD who received tracheostomy increased significantly over the study period. The median age at tracheostomy was 4 months (IQR 3, 5) or 43 weeks corrected gestational age; the median age at NICU discharge was 7 months (IQR 6, 9). At 48 months of age, all subjects had been liberated from the ventilator, at a median age of 24 months (IQR 18, 29); 52% had been decannulated with a median age at decannulation of 32 months (IQR 26, 39). Only 1 (1%) infant died. Multivariate logistic regression showed infants who were White, liberated from the ventilator by 24 months of age and have public insurance had significantly greater odds of being decannulated by 48 months of age. Tracheobronchomalacia was associated with decreased odds of decannulation.ConclusionInfants with sBPD who received tracheostomy had an excellent survival rate. Liberation from home ventilation and decannulation are likely to occur by 4 years of age.
Functional impact on adults and older people after hospitalization by Covid‐19
Authors: Ochiai Gabriela Sayuri , de Godoy Caroline Gil , Silva Érika Christina Gouveia e , de Oliveira Danielle Brancolini , da Silva Elizabeth Mendes , Viana Bianca de Oliveira Candido , da Silva Juliana Magalhães , de Souza Roberta Oliveira Bueno , dos Santos Michelle Didone , de Campos Camila Machado , Schmitt Ana Carolina Basso , de Carvalho Celso Ricardo Fernandes , Fu Carolina , Tanaka Clarice , Toufen Carlos , de Carvalho Carlos Roberto Ribeiro , Pompeu José Eduardo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesHospitalization by Covid‐19 can cause persistent functional consequences after hospital discharge due to direct and indirect effects of SARS‐COV‐2 in several organs and systems of the body added to post‐intensive care syndrome and prolonged bed rest. These impacts can lead to dependency in activities of daily living, mainly in older people due to aging process and functional decline. This study aimed to compare the effects of hospitalization by Covid‐19 on functional capacity of adults and older people and to identify its associated factors.MethodsCross‐sectional observational study of 159 survivors of hospitalization by Covid‐19 after 1 month from discharge at Hospital das Clínicas of the University of São Paulo, divided into groups: adults (aged < 60 years) and older people (aged ≥ 60 years). Those who did not accept to participate, without availability or without ability to understand the questionnaires were excluded. Functional capacity was assessed by the Barthel Index and patients were classified according to their scores. Data analysis was performed in JASP Statistics program and the sample was compared between the age groups. Wilcoxon test was applied to compare before and after periods, Mann–Whitney test was used for between groups comparison. We adopted alpha = 0.05.ResultsThe total Barthel Index median score was lower 1 month after hospital discharge than in the pre‐Covid‐19 period. Older people had worse functional status than adults before and also showed greater impairment after hospital discharge. Both groups showed lower Barthel Index classification than before, and older people presented more functional dependence than adults in both periods. Age, sarcopenia and frailty were associated factors.DiscussionHospitalization by Covid‐19 impacts functional capacity after 1 month from discharge, especially in older people. Age, sarcopenia and frailty are associated factors. These results suggest need for care and rehabilitation of Covid‐19 survivors.
Cellmetry: A first‐principle pKa determination by plane‐wave functions
Authors: Purgel Mihály , Schuur Jan Heinrich 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe developed a methodology to analyze and determine acid dissociation pKa values by using plane wave functions and density functional theory. The periodicity of the PW functions allows us to scan the energies as well as the derived pK values. Explicit and implicit solvent effects were also taken into account to study the pK tendencies along the cell sizes. Some well‐known molecules (water, ammonia, alcohols, peroxides, phenol, amines, and N‐heterocyclic compounds) were studied which covered a wide range of structural/electronic properties to analyze the accuracy and the limit of the methodology. Some motifs were found by scanning the cell size‐dependent pK values which belong to the cell size range where the experimental pK value or range can be found. Several strategies were carried out which can do good or even excellent (±0.3) predictions for other compounds based on our study. Our detailed computational “titration” was made by the Quantum Espresso software package.
Superconductor/Ferromagnet Heterostructures: A Platform for Superconducting Spintronics and Quantum Computation
Authors: Cai Ranran , Žutić Igor , Han Wei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe interplay between superconductivity and ferromagnetism in the superconductor/ferromagnet (SC/FM) heterostructures generates many interesting physical phenomena, including spin‐triplet superconductivity, superconducting order parameter oscillation, and topological superconductivity. The unique physical properties make the SC/FM heterostructure as promising platforms for future superconducting spintronics and quantum computation applications. In this article, important research progress of SC/FM heterostructures from superconducting spintronics to quantum computation is reviewed, and it is organized as follows. First, the progress of spin current carriers in SC/FM heterostructures including Bogoliubov quasiparticles, superconducting vortex, and spin‐triplet Cooper pairs which might be used for long‐range spin transport is discussed. Then, the π Josephson junctions and their application for constructing π qubits are described. Finally, experimental signatures of Majorana states in the SC/FM heterostructures and the theoretically proposed manipulation are briefly reviewed, which could be useful to realize fault‐tolerant topological quantum computing.
Indirect effects of cytomegalovirus infection: Implications for vaccine development
Authors: Moseley Philip , Klenerman Paul , Kadambari Seilesh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDevelopment of a cytomegalovirus (CMV) vaccine is a high priority due to its significant global impact—contributing to mortality in immunosuppressed individuals, neurodevelopmental delay in infected neonates and non‐genetic sensorineural hearing loss. The impact of CMV on the general population has been less well studied; however, a wide range of evidence indicates that CMV may increase the risk of atherosclerosis, cancer, immunosenescence, and progression of tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus. Due to the high seroprevalence of CMV worldwide, any modulation of risk by CMV is likely to have a significant impact on the epidemiology of these diseases. This review will evaluate how CMV may cause morbidity and mortality outside of the neonatal and immunosuppressed populations and consider the potential impact of a CMV vaccine on these outcomes.