bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The outcomes of idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus
Authors: Gelfer Yael , Leo Donato G. , Russell Aisling , Bridgens Anna , Perry Daniel C. , Eastwood Deborah M. 
Published: January 2022

Aims To identify the minimum set of outcomes that should be collected in clinical practice and reported in research related to the care of children with idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV). Methods A list of outcome measurement tools (OMTs) was obtained from the literature through a systematic review. Further outcomes were collected from patients and families through a questionnaire and interview process. The combined list, as well as the appropriate follow-up timepoint, was rated for importance in a two-round Delphi process that included an international group of orthopaedic surgeons, physiotherapists, nurse practitioners, patients, and families. Outcomes that reached no consensus during the Delphi process were further discussed and scored for inclusion/exclusion in a final consensus meeting involving international stakeholder representatives of practitioners, families, and patient charities. Results In total, 39 OMTs were included from the systematic review. Two additional OMTs were identified from the interviews and questionnaires, and four were added after round one Delphi. Overall, 22 OMTs reached ‘consensus in’ during the Delphi and two reached ‘consensus out’; 21 OMTs reached ‘no consensus’ and were included in the final consensus meeting. In all, 21 participants attended the consensus meeting, including a wide diversity of clubfoot practitioners, parent/patient representative, and an independent chair. A total of 21 outcomes were discussed and voted upon; six were voted ‘in’ and 15 were voted ‘out’. The final COS document includes nine OMTs and two existing outcome scores with a total of 31 outcome parameters to be collected after a minimum follow-up of five years. It incorporates static and dynamic clinical findings, patient-reported outcome measures, and a definition of CTEV relapse. Conclusion We have defined a minimum set of outcomes to draw comparisons between centres and studies in the treatment of CTEV. With the use of these outcomes, we hope to allow more meaningful research and a better clinical management of CTEV. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(1):98–106.
The relationship between lipoprotein A and other lipids with prostate cancer risk: A multivariable Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Ioannidou Anna , Watts Eleanor L. , Perez-Cornago Aurora , Platz Elizabeth A. , Mills Ian G. , Key Timothy J. , Travis Ruth C. ,   The PRACTICAL consortium, CRUK, BPC3, CAPS, PEGASUS, Tsilidis Konstantinos K. , Zuber Verena 
Published: January 2022

Background
Numerous epidemiological studies have investigated the role of blood lipids in prostate cancer (PCa) risk, though findings remain inconclusive to date. The ongoing research has mainly involved observational studies, which are often prone to confounding. This study aimed to identify the relationship between genetically predicted blood lipid concentrations and PCa.

Methods and findings
Data for low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein A (apoA) and B (apoB), lipoprotein A (Lp(a)), and PCa were acquired from genome-wide association studies in UK Biobank and the PRACTICAL consortium, respectively. We used a two-sample summary-level Mendelian randomisation (MR) approach with both univariable and multivariable (MVMR) models and utilised a variety of robust methods and sensitivity analyses to assess the possibility of MR assumptions violation. No association was observed between genetically predicted concentrations of HDL, TG, apoA and apoB, and PCa risk. Genetically predicted LDL concentration was positively associated with total PCa in the univariable analysis, but adjustment for HDL, TG, and Lp(a) led to a null association. Genetically predicted concentration of Lp(a) was associated with higher total PCa risk in the univariable (ORweighted median per standard deviation (SD) = 1.091; 95% CI 1.028 to 1.157; P = 0.004) and MVMR analyses after adjustment for the other lipid traits (ORIVW per SD = 1.068; 95% CI 1.005 to 1.134; P = 0.034). Genetically predicted Lp(a) was also associated with advanced (MVMR ORIVW per SD = 1.078; 95% CI 0.999 to 1.163; P = 0.055) and early age onset PCa (MVMR ORIVW per SD = 1.150; 95% CI 1.015,1.303; P = 0.028). Although multiple estimation methods were utilised to minimise the effect of pleiotropy, the presence of any unmeasured pleiotropy cannot be excluded and may limit our findings.

Conclusions
We observed that genetically predicted Lp(a) concentrations were associated with an increased PCa risk. Future studies are required to understand the underlying biological pathways of this finding, as it may inform PCa prevention through Lp(a)-lowering strategies.
Effect of sustained high buprenorphine plasma concentrations on fentanyl-induced respiratory depression: A placebo-controlled crossover study in healthy volunteers and opioid-tolerant patients
Authors: Moss Laurence M. , Algera Marijke Hyke , Dobbins Robert , Gray Frank , Strafford Stephanie , Heath Amy , van Velzen Monique , Heuberger Jules A. A. C. , Niesters Marieke , Olofsen Erik , Laffont Celine M. , Dahan Albert , Groeneveld Geert Jan 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundOpioid-induced respiratory depression driven by ligand binding to mu-opioid receptors is a leading cause of opioid-related fatalities. Buprenorphine, a partial agonist, binds with high affinity to mu-opioid receptors but displays partial respiratory depression effects. The authors examined whether sustained buprenorphine plasma concentrations similar to those achieved with some extended-release injections used to treat opioid use disorder could reduce the frequency and magnitude of fentanyl-induced respiratory depression.MethodsIn this two-period crossover, single-centre study, 14 healthy volunteers (single-blind, randomized) and eight opioid-tolerant patients taking daily opioid doses ≥90 mg oral morphine equivalents (open-label) received continuous intravenous buprenorphine or placebo for 360 minutes, targeting buprenorphine plasma concentrations of 0.2 or 0.5 ng/mL in healthy volunteers and 1.0, 2.0 or 5.0 ng/mL in opioid-tolerant patients. Upon reaching target concentrations, participants received up to four escalating intravenous doses of fentanyl. The primary endpoint was change in isohypercapnic minute ventilation (VE). Additionally, occurrence of apnea was recorded.ResultsFentanyl-induced changes in VEwere smaller at higher buprenorphine plasma concentrations. In healthy volunteers, at target buprenorphine concentration of 0.5 ng/mL, the first and second fentanyl boluses reduced VEby [LSmean (95% CI)] 26% (13–40%) and 47% (37–59%) compared to 51% (38–64%) and 79% (69–89%) during placebo infusion (p= 0.001 and < .001, respectively). Discontinuations for apnea limited treatment comparisons beyond the second fentanyl injection. In opioid-tolerant patients, fentanyl reduced VEup to 49% (21–76%) during buprenorphine infusion (all concentration groups combined) versus up to 100% (68–132%) during placebo infusion (p= 0.006). In opioid-tolerant patients, the risk of experiencing apnea requiring verbal stimulation following fentanyl boluses was lower with buprenorphine than with placebo (odds ratio: 0.07; 95% CI: 0.0 to 0.3;p= 0.001).InterpretationResults from this proof-of-principle study provide the first clinical evidence that high sustained plasma concentrations of buprenorphine may protect against respiratory depression induced by potent opioids like fentanyl.
Age-friendly neighbourhoods and physical activity of older Surinamese individuals in Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Authors: Jagroep Warsha , Cramm Jane M. , Denktaș Semiha , Nieboer Anna P. 
Published: January 2022

Background
Age-friendly neighbourhoods seem to promote physical activity among older individuals. Physical activity is especially important for chronically ill individuals. In the Netherlands, older Surinamese individuals are more likely to have chronic diseases than are their native Dutch counterparts. This study examined relationships of neighbourhood characteristics with physical activity among older Surinamese individuals in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Methods
Of 2749 potential participants, 697 (25%) community-dwelling older (age ≥ 70 years) Surinamese individuals living in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, completed a questionnaire on personal and neighbourhood characteristics between March and June 2020. Correlation and multilevel regression analyses were performed to identify associations between missing neighbourhood characteristics for ageing in place and physical activity.

Results
Scores for the neighbourhood domains communication and information (r = -0.099, p ≤ 0.05), community support and health services (r = -0.139, p ≤ 0.001), and respect and social inclusion (r = -0.141, p ≤ 0.001), correlated negatively with participants’ PA. In the multilevel analysis, overall missing neighbourhood characteristics to age in place scores were associated negatively with physical activity (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion
This study showed the importance of age-friendly neighbourhoods for physical activity among older Surinamese individuals in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Our findings suggest that the neighbourhood plays an important role in supporting older individuals’ leading of physically active lifestyles. Further research is needed to support the development of interventions to create age-friendly neighbourhoods.
Assessment of vaccination timeliness and associated factors among children in Toke Kutaye district, central Ethiopia: A Mixed study
Authors: Dirirsa Kuma , Makuria Mulugeta , Mulu Ermias , Deriba Berhanu Senbeta 
Published: January 2022

Introduction
Age inappropriate vaccination of children increases the rate of mortality and morbidity. All studies conducted in some areas of Ethiopia were only quantitative in nature and focused on the main cities ignoring rural communities.

Objective
The objective of this study is to assess vaccination timeliness and associated factors among children in Toke Kutaye district, central Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study with quantitative and qualitative data collection methods was used, for which simple random sampling was used to select 602 mothers/caregivers who have vaccinated children aged 12 to 23 months in the district. The collected data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Bivariate analysis with a P-value of < 0.25 was used to select candidate variables for multivariate logistic regression. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% CI and p-value < 0.05 were used to declare a significant association. Qualitative data responses were classified and then organized by content with thematic analysis.

Results
A total of 590 respondents responded to the interviews, making a response rate of 98%. In this study, 23.9% (95% CI: 20.4–27.7) of children aged 12–23 months had received all vaccines in the recommended time intervals. Urban residence (AOR: 3.15, 95% CI: 1.56–6.4), participation of pregnant women in conferences (AOR: 2.35, 95% CI: 1.2–4.57), institutional delivery (AOR: 2.5: 95% CI: 1.32–4.20), and sufficient knowledge of mothers (AOR: 3, 95% CI: 1.82–5.10) were significantly associated with the timeliness of childhood vaccination. Qualitative findings revealed that lack of knowledge and lack of information from mothers or caregivers, and inadequate communication with health workers hindered timely vaccination.

Conclusion
The overall timeliness of the child’s vaccination was low in this study. Residence, participation in a conference, place of delivery, and knowledge of the mothers were predictors of vaccination timeliness. Hence, promoting institutional delivery and increasing pregnant mothers awreness on vaccination timeliness through conference participation is compulsory.
Health locus of control in cancer patient and oncologist decision-making: An exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Dopelt Keren , Bashkin Osnat , Asna Noam , Davidovitch Nadav 
Published: January 2022

Objective
To investigate how cancer patients’ and family members’ perspective and health locus of control are presented in clinical encounter decision-making.

Methods
Semi-structured in-depth interviews were carried out with 16 cancer patients and 6 family members living in Israel (n = 22). Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results
Following the health locus of control model, the findings were divided into an external and internal locus of control themes, and we added a theme regarding shared decision-making. Internal locus of control sub-themes included asking for a second opinion, negotiating with the doctor, asking questions, looking for information, and fighting for their rights. External locus of control sub-themes included powerful others, oncologists, and fate. The dominant approach of most of the interviewees was an external locus of control. Women demonstrated more external locus of control than men. On the direct question of who should decide on treatment—the doctor, the patient, or both jointly—the answers ranged from only the doctor (n = 8) to together (n = 7) to only the patient (n = 8).

Conclusions
This study provides insights into different aspects of locus of control in the clinical encounter involving cancer patients. The findings reflect the need to devote comprehensive attention to cancer patients’ perceptions and experiences in the clinical encounter. A patient-centered care approach and a personalized framework for decision-making in cancer care are essential to achieving better treatment outcomes. Further research can engage in the development and validation of an up-to-date health locus of control questionnaire for cancer patients based on the findings of this study.
Prevalence of type-2 diabetes and prediabetes in Malaysia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Akhtar Sohail , Nasir Jamal Abdul , Ali Aqsa , Asghar Mubeen , Majeed Rizwana , Sarwar Aqsa 
Published: January 2022

Objective
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the pooled prevalence of prediabetes and type-2 diabetes in the general population of Malaysia.

Method
We systematically searched Medline (PubMed), Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Malaysian Journals Online to identify relevant studies published between January 1, 1995, and November 30, 2021, on the prevalence of type-2 diabetes in Malaysia. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to obtain the pooled prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes. Subgroup analyses also used to analyze to the potential sources of heterogeneity. Meta- regression was carried to assess associations between study characteristics and diabetes prevalence. Three independent authors selected studies and conducted the quality assessment. The quality of the final evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.

Results
Of 2689 potentially relevant studies, 786 titles and abstract were screened. Fifteen studies with 103063 individuals were eligible to be included in the meta-analyses. The pooled prevalence of diabetes was 14.39% (95% CI, 12.51%–16.38%; I2 = 98.4%, 103063 participants from 15 studies). The pooled prevalence of prediabetes was 11.62% (95% CI, 7.17%–16.97%; I2 = 99.8, 88702 participants from 9 studies). The subgroup analysis showed statistically significant differences in diabetes prevalence by the ethical sub-populations with highest in Indians (25.10%; 95% CI, 20.19%–30.35%), followed by Malays (15.25%; 95% CI, 11.59%–19.29%), Chinese (12.87%; 95% CI, 9.73%–16.37%), Bumiputeras (8.62%; 95% CI, 5.41%–12.47%) and others (6.91%; 95% CI, 5.71%–8.19%). There was no evidence of publication bias, although heterogeneity was high (I2 ranged from 0.00% to 99·8%). The quality of evidence based on GRADE was low.

Conclusions
Results of this study suggest that a high prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes in Malaysia. The diabetes prevalence is associated with time period and increasing age. The Malaysian government should develop a comprehensive approach and strategy to enhance diabetes awareness, control, prevention, and treatment.

Trial registration
Trial registration no. PROSPERO CRD42021255894; https://clinicaltrials.gov/.
Uso de situações autênticas de sala de aula na formação de professores que ensinam Estatística: uma experiência com o uso de vídeos de aula
Authors: Rodrigues Bruna Mayara Batista , Ponte João Pedro Mendes da 
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo traz os resultados de uma investigação sobre os contributos da análise de situações autênticas de sala de aula para o desenvolvimento profissional do professor iniciante que ensina Estatística, constituindo uma discussão sobre os processos formativos desse profissional. Para isso, consideramos as reflexões feitas em três episódios de uma formação de professores de Matemática inserida num cursode especialização realizado na Zona Oeste do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Nesses três episódios, os professores analisaram gravações em vídeo de uma aula abordando representações estatísticas realizada com uma turma do 8º ano do Ensino Fundamental na rede municipal do Rio de Janeiro. Examinaram também o conteúdo relativo à tarefa, as potencialidades didáticas da tarefa proposta e as respostas dos alunos. Foi feita uma análise qualitativa de cunho interpretativo das transcrições dos áudios das discussões dos professores nos episódios de formação e dos relatórios que eles produziram com base num guião elaborado pela formadora. Os resultados evidenciam que a análise das tarefas e das respostas dos alunos e a análise dos vídeos propiciaram aprendizagens sobre o ensino da Estatística no que diz respeito às ações do professor mediante o raciocínio e a comunicação do estudante. Os professores consideram que essas atividades são fundamentais num processo formativo, pois permitem uma forte aproximação com os contextos reais de sala de aula.
Entre a cruz e a educação: a liberdade de ensino nas páginas de O Arquidiocesano
Authors: Areal Carvalho Rosana , Andreuci Thiago 
Published: January 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender fatores que demonstrem a posição da Igreja Católica no debate acerca da liberdade de ensino público e privado presente na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação (LDB) de 1961. O tratamento dos dados fez-se pela análise histórica e de conteúdo utilizando como fonte o jornal O Arquidiocesano, de periodicidade semanal, disponível para consulta no Arquivo Eclesiástico da Arquidiocese de Mariana-MG. Foram analisadas as estratégias discursivas da Igreja através da imprensa no recorte de 1959, ano de criação do jornal, até 1964, enquadrando movimentações prévias à promulgação da LDB e os ecos desta até o golpe civil-militar. A presença do catolicismo no Brasil, a história de Mariana e a força da religião no recorte especificado são elementos explorados para enriquecer o debate acerca do ensino público e privado e a democratização da educação. Ademais, com intuito de aprofundar o olhar acerca da imprensa como fonte e/ou objeto científico dentro das Humanidades, realiza-se uma exposição rápida de trabalhos na área. Como resultado da pesquisa, a análise das cinco matérias do jornal tocantes à LDB de 1961 dentro do recorte especificado revelou a posição do órgão oficial da Arquidiocese de Mariana, que considerava o ideal de liberdade de ensino presente na LDB um meio para atender às aspirações das escolas privadas.
Diagnóstico da política de educação em prisões no Brasil (2020): o desafio da universalização
Authors: Torres Eli Narciso da Silva , Ireland Timothy Denis , Almeida Susana Inês de 
Published: January 2022

Este artigo apresenta os avanços e os desafios ainda a serem enfrentados para a universalização da educação nas prisões brasileiras. A análise ocupou-se no primeiro momento de demonstrar um breve panorama do encarceramento, o perfil das pessoas presas e dialoga com as principais legislações pertinentes à educação em locais de privação de liberdade. No segundo momento, demonstra os indicadores da educação no país a partir do conteúdo disponibilizado na Nota Técnica n.º 14/2020/DEPEN/MJ, elaborada mediante as informações prestadas pelos estados, e Sistema Penitenciário Federal ao Departamento Penitenciário Nacional. Dentre os resultados encontrados destacam-se, a elevação no número de participantes nas ações educacionais, da ordem de 276% entre os anos de 2012 e 2019; a criação de sistema de Ranking sobre a participação em atividades de educação em prisões, que destaca o protagonismo de alguns estados com elevação dos índices de matrícula e participação em atividades educacionais em números absolutos, em detrimento de outros que apresentam regressão ou baixo desempenho. Em síntese, pode-se afirmar que alguns estados têm investido em promover a oferta de ações educativas para as pessoas presas, apesar da política educacional ser gestada em contexto de superencarceramento, e violações dos direitos não alcançados pela pena de prisão e seus reflexos negativos no processo educacional. Por fim, considera-se que o caminho para a universalização da educação em prisões, ainda carece de maiores investimentos por parte do Depen, tanto no fomento quanto no monitoramento da política, que visa a garantia do direito à educação à pessoa presa no Brasil.
Encontros com a prática: instrução ao sósia como dispositivo de transmutação da docência em prisão
Authors: Perez Deivis , Stanzani Ercolano Ruchelli 
Published: January 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma contribuição da psicologia social para o trabalho docente no campo da educação escolar realizada em estabelecimentos penitenciários, especificamente por intermédio da propositura de aplicação do dispositivo metodológico denominado instrução ao sósia (IS), contextualizado para a laboralidade de professores que atuam em prisões no Brasil. O dispositivo que referimos foi desenvolvido por Ivar Oddone, no quadro do Movimento Operário Italiano, e apropriado pelos pesquisadores da Clínica da Atividade, liderados por Yves Clot. A metodização ora assinalada concebe a IS no bojo dos referenciais marxianos e engelsianos e a delineia como um instrumento dedicado a ensejar as movimentações dialéticas de um grupo ou equipe de laboradores, que tomam a si mesmos e ao seu trabalho como objetos de coanálise e ação, contemplando a construção e execução de planos de aperfeiçoamento e transformação do trabalho subsidiados pela investigação e produção de saberes acerca das múltiplas dimensões que compõem a sua atividade profissional, tais como os gestos ocupacionais, afetos, contradições, conflitos, relações sociais, prescrições institucionais e do métier, padecimentos, cenários sociopolítico, econômico e cultural do labor, bem como dos aspectos concretos e simbólicos constituintes da arbitrária rotina funcional vivenciada. Em suma, a instrução ao sósia possibilita, por intermédio das atividades concreta, dialógica e reflexiva ampliar o poder de agir dos professores e ainda revitalizar o gênero profissional.