bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CD56Bright NK Cell Expansion and Low Expression of Cytotoxic Molecules in CD56Dim NK Cells in HIV/HCV Coinfected Patients
Authors: Gutiérrez-Iñiguez Cecilia , Cervantes-Rodríguez Paulina , Gutiérrez-Silerio Gloria , González-Hernández Luz Alicia , Andrade-Villanueva Jaime Federico , Toro-Arreola Susana Del , Bueno-Topete Miriam Ruth , Vega-Magaña Natali 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
HIV/HCV coinfection is associated with a rapid progression to liver damage. Specifically, the dysregulation of NK cell populations is of special interest, as NK cells have been shown to effectively block HCV replication as well as an anti-fibrogenic activity. The NKp30 receptor has been linked to tumor cell lysis and has a crucial role during viral infections. In the present study, we determine the subpopulations of NK cells and the expression of NKp30 receptor and cytotoxicity molecules in patients with HIV/HCV.
Results
HIV/HCV coinfected patients present greater liver damage than the HIV control group, using the APRI and FIB-4 indices. NK cells frequency was decreased in the HIV/HCV group compared to the HIV group. CD56brigth cell frequency was increased and CD56dim was decreased in HIV/HCV patients. NKp30 expression was higher in CD56brigth subpopulation and lower in CD56dim subpopulation in the HIV/HCV group. However, the expression of the ζ chain (p < 0.0001), granzyme B, and perforin (p = 0.0474), were significantly decreased in CD56dim NKp30 + cells from HIV/HCV patients.
Conclusions
The expansion of the highly dysfunctional CD56brigth subpopulation and the low expression of cytotoxicity markers in CD56dim cells reflects an altered activity in NK cells of coinfected patients, which could contribute to the accelerated progression of liver damage.
Evaluating the impacts of school garden-based programmes on diet and nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes and practices among the school children: a systematic review
Authors: Gong Yun Yun , Chan Chong Ling , Tan Pui Yee 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Previous evidence suggests that school garden-based programmes (SGBP) may be a promising yet cost-effective intervention to improve children’s knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) on healthy eating. This review aimed to summarise and evaluate the evidence available on the impacts of SGBP in addressing diet and nutrition-related KAP among school-aged children. Methods: 5 databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science and Scopus were searched until February 2021. Randomised, non-randomised controlled and pre-post intervention studies investigating the impacts of SGBP on at least one of the outcomes of interest including diet and nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes towards fruits and vegetables (F&V), food diversity and dietary practice among school-aged children were included. Study selection and data extraction were performed by one reviewer and checked for accuracy by the other two reviewers in accordance with PRISMA guideline. Quality appraisal for studies included was assessed using American Dietetic Association Quality Criteria Checklist. Results: A total of 10,836 records were identified, and 35 studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. This includes 25,726 students from 341 schools and 8 nurseries from 12 countries. Intervention duration ranged from 6 weeks to 4 years with 18 studies involving a varied degree of parental participation. SGBP, which majorly includes school gardening activities, cooking lessons and nutrition education, demonstrated beneficial effects on children nutritional knowledge, and their attitudes and acceptability towards vegetables, but not for fruits. However, no strong evidence supports its positive impact on children’s dietary practices including the actual F&V consumption and dietary diversity. No significant impact of parental involvement was found on the measured outcomes which may be partly due to poor parental engagement or low activity intensity during the intervention. Conclusion: These findings suggest that SGBP may be effective in promoting children's nutritional knowledge, attitudes and acceptability towards vegetables, however, the impacts may vary by the type, the extent, and the length of the programmes, and other factors such as parent involvement. Future SGBP is suggested to implement using a combined multidisciplinary approach targeting the children, parents, and community to effectively promote healthy eating among the children and prevent childhood obesity.
Fabrication of nano Ag encapsulated on ZnO/Fe2V4O13hybrid-heterojunction for photodecomposition of Methyl Orange
Authors: I MUTHUVEL , Gowthami K. , Krishnakumar B. , Surya C. , Thirunarayanan G. , Vaishnavi E. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Novel Ag encapsulated nanocompositesZnO/Fe2V4O13 (AZF) were synthesized with various wt% of the silver (from 1.0 to 2.5 wt% of Ag) by photo-deposition method using UV-A light. The nanostructure of the AZF was explored by various characterization techniques. Surface functional group was confirmed by FT-IR spectra, the crystalline nature of the material revealed by XRD patterns. Furthermore, surface morphology and optical properties of the composites were analyzed by SEM, HR-TEM UV-DRS and PL respectively. The photoactivity was tested against Methyl Orange (MO) degradation under UV light. The stability of the catalyst was confirmed by reusability measurements. Suitable degradation pathway was proposed based on intermediates obtained during degradation analyzed by GC-MS. Trapping experiments confirmed that super oxide radical anion (O2·–) has been consider as a most active species for this degradation process. Mineralization is confirmed by measurements of chemical oxygen demand (COD).
Determinants of adolescent pregnancy among adolescents in Wakiso and Kamuli Districts in Uganda; a case control study
Authors: Nicolette Nabukeera-Barungi , Theresa Piloya-Were , Fatuma Namusoke , Joseph Rujumba , Flavia Namiiro , Lorraine Oriokot , Paul Mubiri , Sabrina Bakeera-Kitaka 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background:
Uganda has unacceptably high teenage pregnancy rates whereby 1 in 4 adolescent girls have been pregnant by 18 years. This has social, financial and health consequences for the adolescents, their children and the whole society. It is therefore important to identify the adolescents at highest risk so that they can be targeted with interventions to reduce teenage pregnancy. Our study aimed to determine risk factors for pregnancy among adolescents in one rural and one urban district in Uganda.
Methods
We conducted a mixed-methods study among girls aged 13 to 19 years in a rural and urban district in Uganda. Quantitatively, we used an unmatched case control design where cases were 200 adolescents who were currently or previously pregnant while 400 controls were adolescents who had ever experienced a pregnancy. The 600 were divided equally between the 2 districts. Quantitative data was analyzed using STATA version 14. Qualitative methods included 17 focus group discussions with adolescents and their parents, 10 in-depth interviews with adolescents and 20 key informant interviews with various key stakeholders. Audio recordings were transcribed and analyzed using a content thematic approach using Nvivo.
Results
Of the 600 girls, mean age was 16.9 years (SD 3.84), 57.6% were not in a sexual relationship and 75.3% were in-school. Independent risk factors for adolescent pregnancy were age; AOR 1.69 (95%CI; 1.48–1.95), out-of-school AOR 6.13 (95%CI 2.91–12.92), a friend with pregnancy AOR 1.91 (95%CI; 1.23–2.96), cigarette smoking experience AOR 6.68 (1.42–31.46), working for money AOR 1.70 (1.05–2.74) and correct contraceptive knowledge AOR 1.32 (95%CI; 1.13–1.54). Protective factors included positive personal attitudes, higher education of the father and larger household size.
Reanalysis of the Revised EEDI Parameters for Inland Ships of Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan S M Rashidul , Karim Md. Mashud 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
A revision of the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) formulation was previously proposed to be useful for inland ships of Bangladesh. The study had incorporated the shallow water effect using Schlichting’s method, however, the evaluation and presentation of Schlichting’s results did not cover all range of ship parameters. In addition to that, the previous proposal was not based on field studies and the consideration main engine’s Maximum Continuous Rating (MCR) was not appropriate. This study has corrected the previously proposed EEDI formulation for inland ships of Bangladesh based on the physical investigation.
Methods
15 inland ships of Bangladesh (05 cargo, 05 oil tanker and 05 passenger ships) have been physically investigated. The impact of shallow water effect on EEDI was assessed based on field study, which was compared with approved methods. It was assumed with reasonable considerations that the bank/restricted channel effects on the ship are negligible. The MCR was also fixed based on the field study.
Results
It was found that the deviations of Schlichting's results varied from 31.34–81.46% in comparison to the investigated results. The deviations of results calculated by Lackenby and Barras methods were varied from 10.10–43.83% and − 22.19–16.53% to the field studies. In addition to that, MCR has been measured for the same 15 ships. Investigated results show that the average MCR for inland cargo and oil tankers of Bangladesh is 70% whereas it is 80% for passenger ships. Based on the key findings of the field studies, a revised EEDI formulation is proposed for the inland ships of Bangladesh.
Understanding the missing clusters problem at the Galactic center. Dissolved cluster(s) detection in the Sgr B1 region.
Authors: Nogueras-Lara Francisco , Schödel Rainer , Neumayer Nadine 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Milky Way’s center is the closest galaxy nucleus and our Galaxy’s most extreme environment. Although its volume is less than 1% of the one of the Galactic disk, up to 10% of all new-born stars in the Galaxy in the past 100 Myr formed there. Therefore, it constitutes a perfect laboratory to understand star formation under extreme conditions, similar to those in starburst or high-redshift galaxies. However, the only two known Galactic center young clusters account for <10% of the expected young stellar mass. Studying Sgr B1, a luminous Galactic center HII region, we find evidence for the presence of several 10^5 solar masses of young stars, probably tracing one or several dissolved young clusters that formed ~10 Myr ago. This is a large step toward a better understanding of star formation at the Galactic center, such as the fate of young clusters, and the possibly different initial mass function in this region.
Effects Of Endplate Chondrogenic Exosomes (Epcs-Exos) On Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
Authors: Li Qiuwei , Wang Hong , CHEN xuewu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Study Design.In vitro laboratory studies.Objectives.To explore the effect of chondrocell-derived exosomes on intervertebral disc degeneration, and provide a new idea for IDD treatment.Summary of Background Data.The research of exosomes and their regenerative effects have been verified in the research of repair in other tissues and organs at our country and abroad, including osteoarthritis, cardiovascular disease, lung injury, fracture healing, central nervous system disease, cancer and other diseases treatment [1] . The aim of this study was to investigate whether exosomes derived from endplate cells could inhibit the degeneration of endplate and play an important role in the prevention and treatment of disc degeneration.Methods.EPCs-Exos derived from endplate chondrocytes were prepared and identified by Nanoparticle tracking analyzer, transmission electron microscope, and immunoblotting to detect surface markers, it was confirmed by immunofluorescence assay that it could be ingested by nucleus pulposus cells. The degeneration of cartilage endplates was evaluated by detecting the contents of Aggrecan, COL 1A, COL 2A and RNA by RT-PCR and WB.Results.EPCs-Exos can be ingested by nucleus pulposus cells and up-regulate the expression of Aggrecan, COL 2A and their mRNA, down-regulate the expression of COL 1A and their mRNA. Conclusion.EPCS-Exo can further inhibit the degeneration of intervertebral disc by acting on nucleus pulposus cells and thus the degeneration of cartilage endplate.
UN@C82: A U≡N Triple Bond Captured inside Fullerene Cages
Authors: Chen Ning , Meng Qingyu , Abella Laura , Yao Yang-Rong , Sergentu Dumitru-Claudiu , Yang Wei , Liu Xieye , Zhuang Jiaxin , Echegoyen Luis , Autschbach Jochen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Actinide diatomic molecules are ideal models to study elusive actinide multiple bonds, but they have only been studies in solid inert gas matrices to date. Here we report the unprecedented U ≡ N diatomic species captured in two different fullerene cages. UN@Cs(6)-C82 and UN@C2(5)-C82, the first diatomic clusterfullerenes, were successfully synthesized and fully characterized. X-ray single crystal diffraction reveals very short U-N bond lengths of 1.760 Å in both UN@Cs(6)-C82 and UN@C2(5)-C82. Moreover, U ≡ N was found to be immobilized and coordinated to the fullerene cages at 100 K but it spins inside the cage at 273 K. Quantum-chemical calculations show a (UN)2+@(C82)2− electronic structure with formal + 5 oxidation state (f1) of U and demonstrate the presence of a rare U ≡ N bond in the cluster fullerenes This study opens a new direction for endohedral fullerenes and constitutes a new approach to stabilize elusive yet fundamentally important actinide multiply bonded species.
Astrocytic chloride is brain state dependent and regulates cortical neuronal activity
Authors: Untiet Verena , Beinlich Felix Ralf Michael , Kusk Peter , Kjaerby Celia , Andersen Mie , Hauglund Natalie , Sigurdsson Björn , Hirase Hajime , Petersen Nicolas , Verkhratsky Alexei , Nedergaard Maiken 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Information transfer within neuronal circuits depends on the balance and recurrent activity of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission. Chloride (Cl-) is the major CNS anion mediating inhibitory neurotransmission and thus essential for balanced brain function. Sustained activation of inhibitory synapses leads to a significant reduction in the amplitude of IPSPs over time, reflecting a collapse of the Cl- gradient, due to Cl- influx into neurons through GABAA receptors. Astrocytes are key homeostatic glial cells populating all parts of the central nervous system (CNS). Despite astrocytic contribution to brain state transitions, the role of these cells in regulating inhibition remains unexplored. Here we show, for the first time, that astrocytes act as a dynamic Cl- reservoir regulating Cl- homeostasis in awake mice. Intracellular chloride concentration ([Cl-]i) in astrocytes is high and stable during sleep. In awake mice astrocytic [Cl-]i is lower and fluctuates in response to both sensory input and motor activity. Stimulation of astrocytic GABAA receptors induces Cl- efflux, providing an additional source of Cl- for inhibitory transmission. Increasing astrocytic [Cl-]i by optogenetic manipulations alleviates neuronal activity induced by locomotion or whisker stimulation. Our analysis shows that astrocytes serve as a dynamic source of extracellular Cl- available for GABAergic transmission in awake mice, which represents a novel mechanism for modulation of the inhibitory tone.
Assessment and utility of socio-relational self-efficacy in breast cancer patients: Italian Validation of the Social Relationship Coping Efficacy Scale (SRCE-I)
Authors: Serpentini Samantha , Silvestri Giulia , Cristaldi Grazia , Borgese Caterina , Deledda Giuseppe , Sommacal Samuela , Iannopollo Letizia , Calvo Vincenzo , Ronconi Lucia , Merluzzi Thomas V , Catarinella Antonio 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Social relationship coping efficacy (SRCE) represents the ability to maintain or enhance social relationships in the context of serious illness. The purpose of the current study was to confirm the factor structure, psychometric properties, and utility of the Italian version of the SRCE scale. Methods: 181 breast cancer patients completed the SRCE-Italian (SRCE-I), the Cancer Behavior Inventory–Brief/Italian (CBI-B/I), quality of life (QOL) measures (EORTC QLQ-C30; EORTC QLQ-BR23), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: The SRCE-I was internally consistent (Cronbach alpha=.95) and factor analysis confirmed that the SRCE-I was a unidimensional construct. In terms of validity, the SRCE-I was correlated with QOL (EORTC QLQ-30, Social Functioning, r=.323, Emotional Functioning, r=.562, and Global Health/Quality of Life; r=.546) and scales of the EORTC QLQ-BR23 (e.g., Future Perspective, r=.348; Breast Symptoms, -.331). SRCE-I was also correlated negatively with the HADS (r=-.707) and positively with the CBI-B/I (r= .810), a measure of coping efficacy (all ps<.001). Mediation analyses confirmed the utility of the SRCE-I scale as a mediating mechanism in enhancing social functioning and QOL. Conclusions: The SRCE-I is a structurally sound, reliable, and valid measure that assesses the ability to maintain or enhance social support and mitigate the loss of social support. The SRCE-I can be used as a screening measure to assess low efficacy for maintaining social support or as a measure to detect the change in efficacy for enhancing social support in interventions to improve the QOL of patients.
Monitoring And Imaging Ph In Biofilms Utilizing A Fluorescent Polymeric Nanosensor
Authors: Kromer Charlotte , Schwibbert Karin , Gadicherla Ashish K. , Thiele Dorothea , Nirmalananthan-Budau Nithiya , Laux Peter , Resch-Genger Ute , Luch Andreas , Tschiche Harald R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Biofilms are ubiquitous in nature and in the man-made environment. Given their harmful effects on human health, an in-depth understanding of biofilms and the monitoring of their formation and growth are important. Particularly relevant for many metabolic processes and survival strategies of biofilms is their extracellular pH. However, most conventional techniques are not suited for minimally invasive pH measurements of living biofilms. Here, a fluorescent nanosensor is presented for ratiometric measurements of pH in biofilms in the range of pH 4.5-9.5 using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The nanosensor consists of biocompatible polystyrene nanoparticles loaded with pH-inert dye Nile Red and is surface functionalized with a pH-responsive fluorescein dye. Its performance was validated by fluorometrically monitoring the time-dependent changes in pH in E. coli biofilms after glucose inoculation at 37°C and 4°C. This revealed a temperature-dependent decrease in pH over a 4-hour period caused by the acidifying glucose metabolism of E. coli. These studies demonstrate the applicability of this nanosensor to characterize the chemical microenvironment in biofilms with fluorescence methods.
Post-hemithyroidectomy Pregnancy Thyroid Function Surveillance - Frequency, Adherence and Guideline Impact
Authors: allon raviv , Schiller Tal , Ziv Yuval , Lahav Yonatan Yonatan , Cohen Oded , Zornizki Taiba 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Post-hemithyroidectomy women are at increased risk for gestational subclinical hypothyroidism. Therefore, the American Thyroid Association (ATA) recommends increased thyroid function surveillance for this subgroup of pregnant women. The Purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of thyroid function surveillance during pregnancy in post-hemithyroidectomy women, and to evaluate the adherence to the 2017 ATA guidelines and its possible impact since being published, on thyroid function surveillance rates.Materials and Methods: A retrospective study including all pregnancies conceived by post-hemithyroidectomy women operated at Kaplan Medical Center between the years 1997-2020. The study cohort was subdivided by pregnancy date prior to 2018 and 2018 and onwards to evaluate the impact of the 2017 ATA guidelines. Adherence to the guidelines was defined as at least one TSH test in each trimester. Results: After exclusions, a total of 120 pregnancies conceived by 66 women who underwent hemithyroidectomy surgeries were included in this study. Overall, serum TSH examinations were performed during the first, second and third pregnancy trimesters in 86.6%, 40% and 16.6% of pregnancies (P<0.005), respectively. The examination rate since 2018 was 88%, 40% and 8% for first, second and third trimester, respectively (P<0.005). No significant differences were found in serum TSH examination rates between pregnancies prior to and following the beginning of 2018 (P=.533). Conclusions: Adherence to the latest ATA guidelines is low and its publication in 2017 did not increase the thyroid function surveillance rate in post-hemithyroidectomy women. Better patient education regarding the risks of gestational hypothyroidism following hemithyroidectomy and improved communications between treating surgeons, obstetricians, and endocrinologists may improve these rates.
Cortical Structure in Nodes of the Default Mode Network predicts General Intelligence
Authors: Purushotham Archana , Yadav Abhinav 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A growing number of studies implicate functional brain networks in intelligence, but it is unclear if network nodal structure relates to intelligence. Using MRI, we studied the relationship of the general intelligence factor (g) with cortical thickness (CT), local gyrification index (LGI) and voxel-based morphometry in the nodes of the Default Mode Network (DMN) and Task-Positive Network (TPN) in a cohort of 44 young, healthy adults. Employing a novel strategy, we performed repeated analyses with multiple sets of g estimates to remove false positives. CT and LGI in medial and temporal nodes of the DMN were reliably correlated with g (P < 0.05; r: 0.31–0.41). A linear regression model developed with these parameters (adj. R2: 0.15–0.40) could predict individual g scores. Cortical thickness and gyrification in key nodes of the Default Mode Network correlate with intelligence and can predict g in individual subjects.
Effect of the first mating experience on mating behaviors and brain gene expression in male medaka
Authors: Daimon Masahiro , Katsumura Takafumi , Sakamoto Hirotaka , Ansai Satoshi , Takeuchi Hideaki 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The first mating (sexual) experience leads to the maturation of male mating behavior across species (insects, fish, rodents). Here, we investigated whether the first mating experience leads to maturation of male mating behavior in medaka using repeated mating tests. In “naïve” (sexually inexperienced) males after the first mating experience, the latency to mate with the same female partner was significantly decreased, whereas when the partner was swapped, the latency to mate was not affected. These findings suggest that repeated matings (3 times) enhanced male mating activity for the familiarized female, but not for an unfamiliarized female. In “experienced” (> 7 matings) males, repeated matings (3 times) with the same partner did not influence the latency to mate, suggesting that multiple matings (> 7 times) abolish the mate preference of naïve males. Furthermore, we identified 10 highly and differentially expressed genes after the mating experience in the brains of the post-naïve males, and revealed 3 genes that are required for a functional cascade of the thyroid hormone system. These findings together suggest that the first mating experience abolishes the preference to mate with a familiarized female via neural maturation triggered by thyroid hormone activation in the medaka brain.