bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shifting the Paradigm From Participant Mistrust to Researcher & Institutional Trustworthiness: A Qualitative Study of Researchers’ Perspectives on Building Trustworthiness With Black Communities
Authors: Henderson Cynterria , Scott Taylor , Schinder Bee , Hager Erricka , Friedman Felicia Savage , Miller Elizabeth , Ragavan Maya I 
Published: September 2022

Introduction Black communities are deeply underrepresented in research, due, in large part, to research mistrust. It is critical to shift the burden of trust building from communities to researchers and research institutions, which have perpetrated harm against Black communities for centuries. In this study, we examine researchers’ perspectives on how to become trustworthy to Black-identifying participants and communities. Methods We conducted semi-structured interviews with researchers affiliated with our institution’s Clinical and Translational Science Institute. Participants were recruited through email and responded to the study team if they wished to participate. Interviews occurred through Zoom, took 60 minutes, and were audio recorded. We used an inductive thematic data analysis approach. Results Sixteen researchers, who were affiliated with medicine, public health, psychology, education, and nursing, participated in this study. Participants agreed that researchers bear the responsibility for building trust and noted how critical it is to address the underrepresentation of Black participants in research through equitable recruitment and that researchers must be transparent and engage in reciprocal research practices. Community-partnered research was highlighted as a way to develop trustworthiness. Finally, participants noted that trustworthiness must also be built at the institutional level, rather than just by individual researchers. Discussion To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies to examine researchers’ perspectives on how to build their own trustworthiness, with a specific focus on trust-building with Black communities. Explicit training and resources are needed to build trustworthiness into academic centers.
Agreement among rapid diagnostic tests, urine malaria tests, and microscopy in malaria diagnosis of adult patients in southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Oyeniyi Jonathan Ayobami , Bello Ibrahim Sebutu , Oyegbade Olanrewaju Oloyede , Ibrahim Azeez Oyemomi , Okunromade Oyeladun Funmi , Fakoya Oladipupo Omolade 
Published: September 2022

Objective We determined the malaria prevalence and ascertained the degree of agreement among rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), urine malaria tests, and microscopy in malaria diagnosis of adults in Nigeria. Methods This was a cross-sectional study among 384 consenting patients recruited at a tertiary health facility in southwestern Nigeria. We used standardized interviewer-administered questionnaires to collect patients’ sociodemographic information. Venous blood samples were collected and processed for malaria parasite detection using microscopy, RDTs, and urine malaria tests. The degree of agreement was determined using Cohen’s kappa statistic. Results The malaria prevalence was 58.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 53.0–63.1), 20.6% (95% CI: 16.6–25.0), and 54.2% (95% CI: 49.0–59.2) for microscopy, RDTs, and urine malaria test, respectively. The percent agreement between microscopy and RDTs was 50.8%; the expected agreement was 45.1% and Cohen’s kappa was 0.104. The percent agreement between microscopy and urine malaria tests was 52.1%; the expected agreement was 50.7% and Cohen’s kappa was 0.03. Conclusion The malaria prevalence was dependent on the method of diagnosis. This study revealed that RDTs are a promising diagnostic tool for malaria in resource-limited settings. However, urine malaria test kits require further improvement in sensitivity prior to field use in malaria-endemic settings.
The Association of Elevated Lactate With Multiple Vasopressor Administration in Patients With Septic Shock: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Gales Kee , Hunt Molly , Marler Jacob 
Published: September 2022

Purpose: In patients with septic shock and elevated lactate, there is limited evidence evaluating supplementary vasopressor use beyond vasopressin (AVP) and norepinephrine (NE). The purpose of this study is to describe vasopressor utilization and clinical outcomes based on lactate level. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients with septic shock requiring NE. Patients were divided into 2 groups: baseline lactate level of ≥4 mmol/L (lactate group) or <4 mmol/L (control group). The primary outcome was supplementary utilization of AVP, phenylephrine (PE), epinephrine, and dopamine, in addition to background NE therapy between the 2 patient groups. Results: A total of 100 patients in each group were included. Mean baseline lactate was 7.6 mmol/L and 2.3 mmol/L in the study and control groups, respectively ( P < .01). Combination therapy with NE plus AVP (55% vs 26%; P < .01), NE plus PE (26% vs 3%; P < .01), and NE, AVP, plus PE (17% vs 0%; P < .01) was more common in the lactate group. On regression analysis, lactate group was a predictor of using AVP (OR 3.0; 95% CI 1.6-5.9), PE (OR 7.5; 95% CI 2.1-26.7), and AVP plus PE (OR 11.1; 95% CI 2.5-49.7). Conclusions: In this small retrospective study, multiple vasopressor use was high in patients with severely elevated lactate. The optimal vasopressor regimen in this patient population needs further investigation.
Ropivacaine represses the ovarian cancer cell stemness and facilitates cell ferroptosis through inactivating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Lu Yi , Mao Jinbao , Xu Yanbing , Pan Hao , Wang Yu , Li Wei 
Published: September 2022

Purpose Ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor in women all over the world. Ropivacaine is identified as a potential drug for the treatment of malignant tumors, but the role and mechanism of ropivacaine in ovarian cancer remains unknown. Materials and methods Ovarian cancer cells were treated with different doses of ropivacaine. The function of ropivacaine in ovarian cancer was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, sphere-formation assay, Western blot, Fe2+ level analysis, and immunofluorescence. Meanwhile, the mechanism of ropivacaine in ovarian cancer was investigated by multiple molecular experiments. The protective function of ropivacaine in ovarian cancer was further confirmed by in vivo assay. Results The functional research data indicated that the growth and stemness of ovarian cancer cells were restrained after ropivacaine treatment, while the ferroptosis in ovarian cancer cells was facilitated. The mechanism results confirmed that ropivacaine inactivated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, in vivo assay demonstrated that ropivacaine repressed the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells in vivo and had a protective function in ovarian cancer. Conclusion Ropivacaine restrained ovarian cancer cell stemness and accelerated cell ferroptosis by inactivating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Higher body mass index and disease duration are associated with increased risk of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in women with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Munguía-Realpozo Pamela , Mendoza-Pinto Claudia , García-Carrasco Mario , Escarcega Ricardo O , Berra-Romani Roberto , Etchegaray-Morales Ivet , Pérez-Aquino Liliana , Ramírez-Hernández Adalberto , Méndez-Martínez Socorro , Cervera Ricard 
Published: September 2022

Background Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have an increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. Insulin resistance (IR), which is higher in patients with SLE, adversely impacts left ventricular (LV) remodeling and function. The aims were to determine LV dysfunction and evaluate the influence of potential risk factors on subclinical LV dysfunction in women with SLE, including IR. Methods This cross-sectional study included adult women with SLE without diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension or severe obesity. Diastolic dysfunction (DD) was verified according to current guidelines. Insulin resistance was estimated using the Quantose score. Results We included 77 women. The frequency of IR was 65%. All participants had a normal ejection fraction (EF), and 11 (15.7%) had abnormal LV global longitudinal strain (GLS). Twenty-three (32.8%) had DD. The GLS% and global circumferential strain (GCS)% did not differ in patients with and without IR (−20.8 ± 3.1 vs −20.5 ± 2.1; p = 0.61 and −27.9 ± 4.4 vs −27.4 ± 3.7; p = 0.57, respectively). The prevalence of DD was 38.1% in patients with IR versus 25% in those without ( p = 0.30). E/e’ and E/A ratios did not differ between groups (6.6 ± 1.9 vs 6.6 ± 1.5; p = 0.98 and 1.3 ± 0.3 vs 1.3 ± 0.2; p = 0.27). Higher BMI (OR: 1.2, 95% CI 1.1–1.5) and disease duration (OR: 1.2, 95% CI 1.1–1.4) were associated with DD. Conclusions Patients with overweight/obesity may be at higher risk of LV dysfunction. Although IR was high in our patients with SLE was not associated with systolic dysfunction or DD. Body mass index and disease duration were associated with an increased risk of DD.
Intranasal Olopatadine-Mometasone in the Treatment of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Lim Lauren , Lipari Melissa , Kale-Pradhan Pramodini 
Published: September 2022

Objective: To review the pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of intranasal olopatadine hydrochloride-mometasone furoate (OM) combination in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR). Data sources: The PubMed database and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched using the following terms: mometasone + olopatadine, GSP301, mometasone furoate, and olopatadine hydrochloride. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Articles published in English between January 1987 and August 2022 related to pharmacology, safety, and clinical trials were assessed. Data Synthesis: In 2 phase II clinical trials, twice-daily (BID) and once-daily (QDay) intranasal OM demonstrated significant improvements in reflective total nasal symptom score (rTNSS) (BID P < 0.001 and QDay P < 0.001) and instantaneous total nasal symptom score (iTNSS) (BID P < 0.001 and P < 0.0001; QDay P < 0.001 and P < 0.0001). In 2 phase III clinical trials, BID OM showed significant improvements in rTNSS vs. placebo ( P < 0.001), olopatadine monotherapy ( P = 0.03 and P = 0.003), and mometasone monotherapy ( P = 0.02 and P = 0.059). Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: OM is indicated for treatment of SAR symptoms. Caution with use must be considered for certain high-risk patients, existing tuberculosis; fungal, bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections; or ocular herpes simplex. Due to its quick and sustained onset of action, OM may be an ideal agent for initial treatment of moderate-severe SAR for patients 12 years and older. Conclusion: OM significantly improves SAR symptoms and is a viable treatment option in short-term SAR.
Evaluation of the optic nerve head and macular vessel density in keratoconus patients using optical coherence tomography angiography- a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zırtıloğlu Sibel , Alikma Mustafa Suat , Akarsu Acar Ozge Pinar , Furuncuoglu Utku , Guven Fatih 
Published: September 2022

Purpose Our study evaluated macular and optic disc vascular density (VD) changes in patients diagnosed with keratoconus, as compared with gender and age-matched healthy controls, in relation to the keratoconus stage. Methods This comparative cross-sectional study included adult patients who received a diagnosis of keratoconus at the Cornea Clinic. All scans consisted of two 4.5 mm × 4.5 mm images of the optic disc area and 6 × 6 mm images of the macular area using optical coherence tomography angiography. Results The study included 67 patients (26 women (38.8%) and 41 men (61.2%)) and 74 controls (31 women (41.9%) and 43 men (58.1%)). The mean ages of the keratoconus group and the control group were 30.0 ± 8.0 and 31.1 ± 7.5, respectively. Macular VD (whole, superficial, and deep) and peripapillary VD (whole) values were decreased statistically significant compared with the control group ( p < 0.01 and p = 0.015, respectively). The keratoconus stage was negatively correlated with both the macular VD ( p = 0.048, r = −0.314) and whole-peripapillary VD values ( p = 0.03, r = −0.34). Conclusion Keratoconus might affect the posterior and anterior segments due to similar etiologies, including diminished collagen quality. Therefore, examination of the posterior segment should be performed thoroughly in keratoconus patients.
Plasma-first: accelerating lung cancer diagnosis and molecular profiling through liquid biopsy
Authors: Garcia-Pardo Miguel , Czarnecka Kasia , Law Jennifer H. , Salvarrey Alexandra , Fernandes Roxanne , Fan Jason , Corke Lucy , Waddell Thomas K. , Yasufuku Kazuhiro , Donahoe Laura L. , Pierre Andrew , Le Lisa W. , Ghumman Noor , Liu Geoffrey , Shepherd Frances A. , Bradbury Penelope , Sacher Adrian , Stockley Tracy , Pal Prodipto , Rogalla Patrik , Tsao Ming Sound , Leighl Natasha B. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Molecular profiling of tumor tissue is the gold standard for treatment decision-making in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Results may be delayed or unavailable due to insufficient tissue, prolonged wait times for biopsy, pathology assessment and testing. We piloted the use of plasma testing in the initial diagnostic workup for patients with suspected advanced lung cancer. Methods: Patients with ⩽15 pack-year smoking history and suspected advanced lung cancer referred to the lung cancer rapid diagnostic program underwent plasma circulating-tumor DNA testing using a DNA-based mutation panel. Tissue testing was performed per standard of care, including comprehensive next-generation sequencing (NGS). The primary endpoint was time from diagnostic program referral to cancer treatment in stage IV NSCLC patients (Cohort A) compared to a contemporary cohort not enrolled in the study (Cohort B) and an historical pre-COVID cohort referred to the program between 2018 and 2019 (Cohort C). Results: From January to June 2021, 20 patients were enrolled in Cohort A; median age was 70.5 years (range 33–87), 70% were female, 55% Caucasian, 85% never smokers, and 75% were diagnosed with NSCLC. Seven had actionable alterations detected in plasma or tissue (4/7 concordant). Fusions, not tested in plasma, were identified by immunohistochemistry for three patients. Mean result turnaround time was 17.8 days for plasma NGS and 23.6 days for tissue ( p = 0.10). Mean time from referral to treatment initiation was significantly shorter in cohort A at 32.6 days (SD 13.1) versus 62.2 days (SD 31.2) in cohort B and 61.5 days (SD 29.1) in cohort C, both p < 0.0001. Conclusion: Liquid biopsy in the initial diagnostic workup of patients with suspected advanced NSCLC can lead to faster molecular results and shorten time to treatment even with smaller DNA panels. An expansion study using comprehensive NGS plasma testing with faster turnaround time is ongoing (NCT04862924).
Birth prevalence of omphalocele and gastroschisis in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tiruneh Chalachew , Gebremeskel Teshome , Necho Mogesie , Teshome Yossef , Teshome Daniel , Belete Asmare 
Published: September 2022

Objective: To systematically summarize the burden of gastroschisis and omphalocele in Sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed literatures from Medline (PubMed), Cochrane Library, HINARI, and Google Scholar that investigated at the prevalence of major congenital abdominal wall malformation. The pooled prevalence of major abdominal wall defects was estimated using a weighted inverse variance random-effects model. The Q statistic and the I2 statistics were used to examine for heterogeneity among the included studies. The funnel plot and Egger’s regression test were used to check for publication bias. Results: A total of 1951 studies were identified; 897 from PubMed, 26 from Cochrane Library, 960 from Google Scholar, and 68 from other sources. Fourteen articles that met the eligibility criteria were selected for this meta-analysis with 242,462 total enrolled participants and 4693 births with congenital anomaly. The pooled prevalence of ompahalocele among congenital defect patients in Sub-Saharan Africa was found to be 4.47% (95% confidence interval: 3.04–5.90; I2 = 88.3%; p < 0.001). The pooled prevalence of omphalocele among births with congenital defect was found to be 4.04% (95% confidence interval: 2.62–5.46) in cross-sectional studies and 4.43% (95% confidence interval: 306–5.81) in cohort studies. The average prevalence of omphalocele among births with congenital defect was found to be 8% (95% confidence interval: 5.53–10.47) in Uganda and 6.65% (95% confidence interval: 4.18–9.13) in Nigeria. The pooled prevalence of gastroschisis among congenital birth defect in Sub-Saharan Africa was found to be 3.22% (95% confidence interval: 1.83–4.61; I2 = 33.1%; p = 0.175). Conclusion: Based on this review, the pooled prevalence of omphalocele and gastroschisis in sub-Saharan Africa are high. Therefore, a perinatal screening program for congenital anomalies should be implemented. In addition, early referral of suspected cases of congenital anomalies is required for better management until advanced diagnostic centers are established in various locations of Sub-Saharan Africa.
Successful Endovascular Management of Resistant Hypertension Post Kidney Transplant: A Case Report
Authors: Madken Mohit , Gotra Akshat , Qazi Shakeel , Fairhead Todd , Burns Kevin D. 
Published: September 2022

Rationale: Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) is a well-recognized and potentially reversible cause of resistant hypertension post transplantation and can affect 1% to 23% of recipients. Stenosis of the iliac segment proximal to the transplant renal artery (proximal TRAS) causing dysfunction of the transplanted kidney is less common with reported incidence of 2% to 3%. Presentation typically occurs between 3 months and 2 years post transplant but may happen at any time. Noninvasive investigations such as Doppler ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) angiogram, and magnetic resonance angiogram are useful in initial evaluation, but definitive diagnosis of hemodynamically significant stenosis often requires formal angiogram. Transplant renal artery stenosis should be suspected in any kidney transplant recipient with worsening hypertension and/or deterioration in kidney function which is otherwise unexplained. We present the case of a kidney transplant recipient with resistant hypertension and impaired graft function, secondary to severe impairment of graft blood flow from proximal iliac system occlusion. Presenting concerns of the patient: A 74-year-old female 15 years post live donor kidney transplant presented with graft dysfunction (serum Cr 229 μmol/L) and resistant hypertension, requiring use of 8 antihypertensive medications. On physical examination, blood pressure was 160/92 mm Hg with no tenderness over the renal graft in the right lower abdominal quadrant and no audible bruit in kidney allograft area. Diagnosis: Transplant Doppler ultrasound showed reversal of flow in the right external iliac artery suggestive of ipsilateral proximal iliac occlusion. Pre-procedure CT demonstrated severe atherosclerotic burden within the aorta and bilateral iliac systems. The anastomosed right renal artery appeared patent. Interventions: Conventional angiogram showed occlusion of the right common and proximal external iliac arteries with retrograde perfusion of the transplant kidney via the contralateral left iliac system and aorta. Subintimal recanalization of the right iliac system was performed with angioplasty and kissing stent placement at the aortic bifurcation with stents extending into the proximal right external iliac artery. Post deployment angiogram demonstrated renewed patency of the right iliac system, with restoration of antegrade perfusion to the transplant kidney. Outcomes: The patient’s blood pressure decreased significantly after the procedure, with improvement in graft function. After 6 months, the patient continued to have optimally controlled blood pressure (on 3 medications) and stable graft function (serum Cr 74 μmol/L). Teaching points: Our case describes proximal TRAS and the contribution of renal hypoperfusion to hypertension and impaired graft function, with the potential for reversibility.
Genomic evidence refutes the hypothesis that the Bornean banteng is a distinct species
Authors: Sun Xin , Ciucani Marta Maria , Rasmussen Jacob Agerbo , Gilbert M. Thomas P. , Sinding Mikkel-Holger S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe banteng (Bos javanicus) is an endangered species within the wild Asian Bos complex, that has traditionally been subdivided into three geographically isolated subspecies based on (i) mainland Southeast Asia (B. j. birmanicus), (ii) Java (B. j. javanicus), and (iii) Borneo (B. j. lowi). However, analysis of a single Bornean banteng mitochondrial genome generated through a genome skimming approach was used to suggest that it may actually represent a distinct species (Ishige et al. in Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 27(4):2453–4. http://doi.org/10.3109/19401736.2015.1033694 , 2016). To explore this hypothesis further, we leveraged on the GenBank (NCBI) raw read sequencing data originally used to construct the mitochondrial genome and reconstructed its nuclear genome at low (0.2×) coverage. When analysed in the context of nuclear genomic data representing a broad reference panel of Asian Bos species, we find the Bornean banteng affiliates strongly with the Javan banteng, in contradiction to the expectation if the separate species hypothesis was correct. Thus, despite the Bornean banteng’s unusual mitochondrial lineage, we argue there is no genomic evidence that the Bornean banteng is a distinct species.
Periostin and TNF-α expression levels in peripheral blood of patients with acute cerebral infarction combined with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and their predictive value for clinical prognosis
Authors: Xin Yu , Li Shuai , Liu Huimin , Liu Bo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo detect the expression levels of periostin and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) combined with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and to investigate their predictive value for clinical prognosis.MethodsIn this case‒control study, serum periostin and TNF-α levels were measured using ELISA, and patients were scored on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC) were generated to analyse the effect of peripheral blood periostin and TNF-α levels on poor prognosis.ResultsNIHSS score, mRS score and peripheral blood periostin and TNF-α levels were higher in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.001); serum periostin and TNF-α levels were positively correlated with the NIHSS score and mRS score (P < 0.001). Serum periostin and TNF-α levels were higher in patients with a poor prognosis than in those with a favourable prognosis (P < 0.001); the area under curve (AUC) values for the diagnosis of poor prognosis based on TNF-α, periostin or both factors were 0.868 (95% CI: 0.781–0.954), 0.834 (95% CI: 0.734–0.934), and 0.875 (95% CI: 0.792 ~ 0.958), with sensitivities of 0.654, 0.846, and 0.654 and specificities of 0.944, 0.750, and 0.917, respectively.ConclusionPatients with ACI combined with OSAS have elevated peripheral blood periostin and TNF-α levels, and the combination of these two factors has high predictive value for poor prognosis.