bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychotropic medicines are frequently dosed outside recommended ranges: a clinical audit in an Australian mental health hospital
Authors: Soliman Ghadir , LaCaze Adam 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCompliance with psychotropic dosage guidelines has been shown to improve mental health status, reduce severity of symptoms, and decrease adverse effects. However, guideline recommendations are not always implemented. While deviation from dosage recommendations may be clinically appropriate in some patients, variation can cause a lack of efficacy or patient harm.AimTo evaluate the incidence of antidepressant and antipsychotic prescribing at doses outside the recommended range provided by local guidelines, Therapeutic Guidelines: Psychotropic.MethodThis study is a retrospective clinical audit of 793 patients admitted to hospital between August 2018 and July 2019. Data were collected through extensive file and chart reviews of patients treated with any of the antidepressant and antipsychotic medications listed in the Psychotropic Dosage Guidelines. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed to determine frequencies and proportions.ResultsThe audit identified that 38.0% of patients received doses of antidepressants or antipsychotics outside the recommended range. Most antidepressants were prescribed within recommended doses (83.0%), with 10.5% above the recommended dose, and 6.2% below. Fewer antipsychotics were prescribed within the recommended range (56.8%), 2.8% were prescribed at doses above the recommended range, and 40.3% were prescribed at doses below the recommendation range. Quetiapine was frequently prescribed at doses lower than recommended.ConclusionThe audit revealed a substantial amount of prescribing outside the recommended dosage ranges. It also highlighted the necessity of reviewing policies to limit the use of off‐label, low‐dose quetiapine. Audit and feedback could target psychiatrists who seem to have the highest propensity to prescribe outside the recommended dosage ranges.
A new Raman spectroscopy‐based method for monitoring the crystallinity ratio of polyethylene terephthalate
Authors: Bouita Mouad , Tinnes Jean‐Philippe , Bourson Patrice , Malfois Marc , Ponçot Marc 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTracking the Raman scattering bands of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) during thermal heating has allowed to establish criteria for monitoring the crystallinity ratio within a few seconds. The existing criteria, based on Raman bands at 998 cm−1and at 1096 cm−1, present certain disparities from the crystallinity ratio given by the total heat flow in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Based on the evolution of the Raman bands, a newfound method allowing the effective calculation of crystallinity ratio is proposed. For the same, the band at 1727 cm−1, which is characteristic of the C=O carbonyl bonds of the ester group of PET, is used. The new criterion, designatedr1727,2, was compared and validated by DSC and XRD. This novel approach also provides access to information on the various conformational states of the bonds under study, that is, their proportions and positions with respect to the plane of the macromolecule aromatic rings. Evidently, this allows to reveal the characteristic thermal behavior of the PET microstructure such as the glass transition, crystallization, and melting. This method can be useful for the close detection, quantification, understanding, and tracing of the micromechanisms involved at the macromolecular conformations scale during thermal cycles.
‘Long term impacts of a mega event: Case study Weymouth (London 2012)’
Authors: Sadd Debbie , Nguyen Hai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the long‐term impacts of a mega event, using the case of the London 2012 Olympics' impacts on Weymouth and Portland (as a joint destination in Southern England). The study used the 2 sets of data, collected in 2003 and 2017, containing the residents' perceptions before and after the event. The findings revealed important changes in terms of residents' perceptions towards the impacts of the London 2012 Olympics over the 14 years, such as an improvement in perceived positive impacts, a higher level of tourism involvement, the better perception of destination attributes, the relationship between destination nature attributes and the perceived negative impacts, and the more significant role of the perceived negative impacts. Different implications for the UK tourism industry, in particular British seaside resorts, and a wider context are also discussed.AbstractaEste artículo investiga los impactos a largo plazo de un megaevento, utilizando el caso de los impactos de los Juegos Olímpicos de Londres 2012 en Weymouth y Portland (como destino conjunto en el sur de Inglaterra). El estudio utilizó los 2 conjuntos de datos, recopilados en 2003 y 2017, que contenían las percepciones de los residentes antes y después del evento. Los hallazgos revelaron cambios importantes en cuanto a las percepciones de los residentes sobre los impactos de los Juegos Olímpicos de Londres 2012 durante los 14 años, como una mejora en los impactos positivos percibidos, un mayor nivel de participación en el turismo, una mejor percepción de los atributos del destino, la relación entre atributos de la naturaleza del destino y los impactos negativos percibidos, y el papel más significativo de los impactos negativos percibidos. También se analizan diferentes implicaciones para la industria del turismo del Reino Unido, en particular los balnearios británicos, y un contexto más amplio.
Using DIMPACT to calculate the carbon impact of digital publishing at Cambridge University Press & Assessment
Authors: Johnston Andri , Pickett William 
Published: November 2022

Key points
Digital emissions of Cambridge University Press & Assessment's Academic division were calculated to be 81.2 tons CO2e in 2020 and 64.4 CO2e tons in 2019.
CUP&A ran a trial with DIMPACT that calculated carbon emissions of the ALPSP Redux 2022 Virtual Conference resulted in a greenhouse gas (GHG) footprint of 14.8 kg of CO2e.
The carbon footprint of digital publishing can only be partially controlled by publishers with user behaviours, equipment and international differences in power sources having substantial impact.
Digital publishing releases fewer carbon emissions, but increasing video and audio content may limit possible reductions in output.
A model of algal‐virus population dynamics reveals underlying controls on material transfer
Authors: Hinson Audra , Papoulis Spiro , Fiet Lucas , Knight Margaret , Cho Priscilla , Szeltner Brielle , Sgouralis Ioannis , Talmy David 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe influence of viruses on nutrient cycles and energy transfer in aquatic systems is important, yet still being determined. We developed a dynamic model to capture the population dynamics of algal hosts and their viruses. The model was fitted to literature data of population dynamics during laboratory one‐step infection experiments. Model parameters that underlie population dynamics were quantified in diverse algal groups, covering 7 different algal classes, 14 different host genera, and 32 different virus genotypes. The hypothesis that trade‐offs exist between traits that underlie population dynamics was evaluated. We report a possible virus size‐dependent trade‐off between the rate at which viruses can initiate infection, and the efficiency of carbon transfer from hosts to viruses upon lysis. We hypothesize that slower rates of infection in large viruses, due to slower rates of molecular diffusion, are compensated by enhanced utilization of host resources. Our approach provides a quantitative trait‐framework for understanding and quantifying virus activity in diverse natural communities.
Novel High‐Resolution and Large‐Bandwidth Micro‐Spectrometer Using Multi‐Input Counter‐Propagating Arrayed Waveguide Grating and Dual‐Wavelength Grating Coupler on Silicon on Insulator
Authors: Zou Jun , Li Lingfeng , Wang Changhui , Zhuang Yuan , Wang Xuyang , Hu Jinhua , Luo Shaobo , He Jian‐Jun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMiniaturized micro‐spectrometers with high‐resolution and large‐bandwidth are of great importance for on‐site spectroscopic analysis applications. Here, a novel high‐resolution and large‐bandwidth micro‐spectrometer is presented, which operates at dual‐wavelength band by utilizing a (N+ 3) × (N+ 3) arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) and three dual‐wavelength grating couplers on a silicon‐on‐insulator (SOI) platform. The AWG working in a counter‐propagating manner can be viewed as two 3 ×NAWGs, and the dual‐wavelength grating coupler acts as a prefilter. Three time‐division‐multiplexing inputs with wavelength spacings of 4/3 times that ofN output waveguides are employed to improve the resolution of the micro‐spectrometer. Combining the corresponding outputs of three inputs, a micro‐spectrometer with resolution enhanced to one‐third wavelength spacing of output waveguides and effective channel number enlarged to 3 × (N− 2) is achieved, only usingNoutput channels at each wavelength band. A micro‐spectrometer with 63 effective channels and resolutions of 0.5 and 0.442 nm at 1550 and 1310 nm bands, respectively, is experimentally demonstrated. The footprint of the fabricated micro‐spectrometer is 2 × 0.81 mm2, with measured on‐chip losses of −4.6 to −2.8 dB (−7.0 to −3.1 dB) and crosstalk levels < −18.5 (−16.8) dB at the 1550 (1310) nm band.
Development of Sequence‐Controlled, Degradable, and Cytocompatible Oligomers with Explicit Fragmentation Pathways
Authors: Yang Yili , Yu Keman , Xing Feiyue , Zhou Yingshan , Xiao Pu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSequence‐defined and degradable polymers can mimic biopolymers, such as peptides and DNA, to undertake life‐supporting functions in a chemical way. The design and development of well‐structured oligomers/polymers is the most concern for the public, even to further uncover their degradation process illustrating the degraded products and their properties. However, seldom investigation has been reported on the aforementioned aspects. In this work, the alternating photo‐reversible addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer (photo‐RAFT) single unit monomer insertion (SUMI) of different N‐substituted maleimides and thermal radical ring‐opening SUMI of a cyclic ketene acetal monomer (i.e., 5,6‐benzo‐2‐methylene‐1,3‐dioxepane (BMDO)) is adopted, to produce two degradable pentamers owing to the conversion of the exo‐methylene group of BMDO into ester bonds along the main chains of the prepared products. Moreover, the possible degraded approach of pentamers is studied by combining high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) for the first time. This work also sheds light on the precise structures and cytotoxicity of SUMI products and their degraded compounds, proposing a detailed and credible outlook for biomedical applications.
Synthesis and Properties of Polyol Copolymer with Alternating Methacrylate–Vinyl Ether Backbone
Authors: Cao Min , Deng Hai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRadical polymerization of a tailored diphenylsilane‐bridged bi‐functional monomer consisting of methacrylate and vinyl ether moieties is conducted in diluted monomer concentration, in which both two moieties are consumed at almost the same rate despite their huge difference in monomer reactivity ratio. The vinyl ether content in the backbone is quantified as 45% by 1H NMR after removal of the silane bridge. Since vinyl ether alone cannot be polymerized in such radical polymerization, it should be incorporated in an alternating fashion with methacrylate into the copolymer main chain. The cleavage of silane bridge also yields a series of polyol materials composed of ethylene glycol monovinyl ether (EGVE) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and the EGVE content in the backbone can be regulated from 45% to 18% by increasing the bi‐functional monomer concentration. Interestingly, although containing more than 50% HEMA units, the alternating copolymer exhibits new properties totally different from poly(HEMA), but more similar to poly(EGVE), e.g., good water solubility and a markedly low glass transition temperature (Tg) of –31 °C, which is attributed to the major HEMA‐EGVE repeating unit that replaced HEMA‐HEMA consecutive segments so that the properties of poly(HEMA) such as 95 °C Tg are completely altered.
Preference reversals in dynamic decision‐making under uncertainty based on regret theory
Authors: Guo Sainan , Vetschera Rudolf 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis research aims at preference reversals in dynamic adjusting decisions made by decision‐makers who have regretful emotions. Our model incorporates a utility function that includes the regretful feeling into outcomes under uncertainty. Then, by using the process of backward induction, it analyzes differences in the decisions of three types of decision‐makers with perfect rationality, partially anticipated regret, and fully anticipated regret. Finally, we apply this dynamic adjusting model to emergency plans in which decision‐makers need to choose the best action from multiple selections quickly to reduce the loss caused by disaster incidents and uncertainty. This model allows to compare decisions made by rational and irrational agents, which is a more realistic estimate and measure of several applications in the real life, such as medical services and emergency management.
BEST1 novel mutation causes Bestrophinopathies in six families with distinct phenotypic diversity
Authors: Yang Shangying , Li Zhen , Cheng Wanyu , Ma Meijiao , Qi Rui , Rui Xue , Ren Yinghua , Sheng Xunlun , Rong Weining 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeTo report novel BEST1 variants in six Chinese families with bestrophinopathies of two different inheritance modes and analyze the intrafamilial phenotypic diversity.MethodA total of 25 participants including 13 patients and 12 healthy family members from 6 Chinese families with bestrophinopathies were available for genetic and clinical analysis. All of the patients were subjected to comprehensive ophthalmic evaluations and exome sequencing was performed on the probands to detect the causative variants. The pathogenicity of gene variants was predicted using silico analysis and evaluated according to ACMG guidelines. All (likely) pathogenic variants were determined by Sanger sequencing and co‐segregation analyses were performed on available family members. The relevant original literature previously reported was retrieved to explore the relationship between BEST1‐related gene variants and clinical features.ResultsIn the 6 families, 3 families (10 patients) were assigned as autosomal dominant bestrophinopathies (VMD) and 3 families (3 patients) were assigned as Autosomal recessive Bestrophinopathies (ARB). A total of 9 variants on the BEST1 gene were identified, containing 7 missense variants, 1 nonsense variant, and 1 frameshift variant, respectively, of which 3 variants c.88A > G (p.Lys30Glu), c.764G > A (p.Arg255Gln) and c.233dupT (p.Ser79Phefs*153) were novel variants. Three families with ARB were detected with heterozygous variants on the BEST1 gene.2 families (8 patients) with BVMD showed markedly irregular dominant inheritance, and the severity of macular lesions varies greatly among individuals of the same family. Among them, the probands showed typical vitelliform lesions in the macula, while the other six patients had no visible signs of the disease by fundus photography (ophthalmoscopy) and minor lesions could be detected on OCT in two patients, the continuity of the ellipsoidal band was interrupted with the chimeric band. The phenotypes of the patients in the three ARB families ranged from typical/atypical vitelliform lesions to extensive extramacular deposits (peripheral spots).ConclusionThis study provided evidence that the phenotype of BVMD manifested irregular dominant inheritance, with patients carrying a pathogenic heterozygous variant of BEST1 to develop obvious intrafamilial phenotypic diversity, and the patients who harbor two pathogenic alleles showed recessive inheritance bestrophinopathies with distinct phenotypic diversity. Our study also emphasized the importance of comprehensive genetic analysis in patients with bestrophinopathies, and in such challenging families with distinct intrafamilial phenotypic diversity, it shall provide novel insights into phenotypic assessments of bestrophinopathies, and contribute to better diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment for these patients.
Deep learning‐based internal gross target volume definition in 4D CT images of lung cancer patients
Authors: Ma Yuanyuan , Mao Jingfang , Liu Xinguo , Dai Zhongying , Zhang Hui , Zhang Xinyang , Li Qiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundContouring of internal gross target volume (iGTV) is an essential part of treatment planning in radiotherapy to mitigate the impact of intra‐fractional target motion. However, it is usually time‐consuming and easily subjected to intra‐observer and inter‐observer variability. So far, few studies have been explored to directly predict iGTV by deep learning technique, because the iGTV contains not only the gross target volume (GTV) but also the motion information of the GTV.PurposeThis work was an exploratory study to present a deep learning‐based framework to segment iGTV rapidly and accurately in 4D CT images for lung cancers.MethodsFive models, including 3D UNet, mmUNet with point‐wise add merging approach (mmUNet‐add), mmUNet with concatenate fusion strategy (mmUNet‐cat), gruUNet with point‐wise add fusion approach (gruUNet‐add), and gruUNet with concatenate method (gruUNet‐cat), were adopted for iGTV segmentation. All the models originated from the 3D UNet network, with multi‐channel multi‐path and convolutional gated recurrent unit (GRU) added in the mmUNet and gruUNet networks, respectively. Seventy patients with lung cancers were collected and 55 cases were randomly selected as the training set, and 15 cases as the testing set. In addition, the segmentation results of the five models were compared with the ground truths qualitatively and quantitatively.ResultsIn terms of Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC), the proposed four networks (mmUNet‐add, mmUNet‐cat, gruUNet‐add, and gruUNet‐cat) increased the DSC score of 3D UNet from 0.6945 to 0.7342, 0.7253, 0.7405, and 0.7365, respectively. However, the differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). After a simple post‐processing to remove the small isolated connected regions, the mean 95th percentile Hausdorff distances (HD_95s) of the 3D UNet, mmUNet‐add, mmUNet‐cat, gruUNet‐add, and gruUNet‐cat networks were 19.70, 15.75, 15.84, 15.61, and 15.83 mm, respectively, corresponding to 25.35, 25.96, 25.11, 28.23, and 24.47 mm before the post‐processing. With regard to runtime, significant elapsed time growths (about 70s and 230s) were observed both in the mmUNet and gruUNet architectures due to the increasing parameters. But the mmUNet structure showed less growth.ConclusionOur study demonstrated the ability of the deep learning technique to predict iGTVs directly. With the introduction of multi‐channel multi‐path and convolutional GRU, the segmentation accuracy was improved under certain conditions with a reduced segmentation efficiency and a further research topic when the 3D UNet network would lead to poor performance is elicited. Less efficiency degradation was observed in the mmUNet structure. Besides, the element‐wise add fusing strategy was favorable to increase DSC, whereas HD_95 benefited from the concentrate merging approach. Nevertheless, the segmentation accuracy by deep learning still remains to be improved.
Thanks for a Great Year
Authors: Atwood Stephen P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs 2022 nears conclusion, we are finalizing this year‐end issue of Information Display (ID). The past 12 months seem like they have flown by. I don't relish the thought of growing older, but there are some years, like 2020, when I was happy to see the end. Others, like this year, I wish I could hold onto for much longer.
Highly Reliable Dielectric Interlayers for Flexible Displays and E‐paper
Authors: Yamamoto Atsuko , Yokoyama Daishi , Takahashi Megumi , Fuke Takashi , Shibayama Seishi , Yamasaki Akira , Lin Cho‐Yin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFlexible, foldable, and rollable displays aim to serve emerging user's needs.
Displacement‐pseudostress formulation for the linear elasticity spectral problem
Authors: Inzunza Daniel , Lepe Felipe , Rivera Gonzalo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper we analyze a mixed displacement‐pseudostress formulation for the elasticity eigenvalue problem. We propose a finite element method to approximate the pseudostress tensor with Raviart–Thomas elements and the displacement with piecewise polynomials. With the aid of the classic theory for compact operators, we prove that our method is convergent and does not introduce spurious modes. Error estimates for the proposed method are derived. Finally, we report some numerical tests supporting the theoretical results.
Vocational Rehabilitation Services and Labor Market Outcomes for Transition‐Age Youth with Disabilities in Maine
Authors: Yin Michelle , Siwach Garima , Lin Dajun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUsing administrative data from Maine to quantify the effect of vocational rehabilitation (VR) services on employment outcomes for transition‐age youth with disabilities, we exploited the variation in VR counselors’ propensity to develop Individualized Plans for Employment (IPEs) for VR youth as an instrument for service receipt. We found that among the estimated 36 percent of VR clients on the margin of service receipt, having an IPE implemented increases quarterly employment rate by 15.4 percentage points and quarterly earnings by $1,442 (2018 dollars). We found heterogeneous program effects with individuals 18 or younger benefiting significantly more than those older than age 18 at the time of VR application. We estimate the annual real rate of return to be 10.2 percent for two years after VR case closure.
Differences in palliative opportunities across diagnosis groups in children with cancer
Authors: Ebelhar Jonathan , DeGroote Nicholas P. , Massie A. McCauley , Labudde Emily , Allen Kristen E. , Castellino Sharon M. , Wasilewski‐Masker Karen , Brock Katharine E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundChildhood cancer causes significant physical and emotional stress. Patients and families benefit from palliative care (PC) to reduce symptom burden, improve quality of life, and enhance family‐centered care. We evaluated palliative opportunities across leukemia/lymphoma (LL), solid tumors (ST), and central nervous system (CNS) tumor groups.ProcedureA priori, nine palliative opportunities were defined: disease progression/relapse, hematopoietic stem cell transplant, phase 1 trial enrollment, admission for severe symptoms, social concerns or end‐of‐life (EOL) care, intensive care admission, do‐not‐resuscitate (DNR) status, and hospice enrollment. A single‐center retrospective review was completed on 0–18‐year olds with cancer who died from January 1, 2012 to November 30, 2017. Demographic, disease, and treatment data were collected. Descriptive statistics were performed. Opportunities were evaluated from diagnosis to death and across disease groups.ResultsIncluded patients (n = 296) had LL (n = 87), ST (n = 114), or CNS tumors (n = 95). Palliative opportunities were more frequent in patients with ST (median 8) and CNS tumors (median 7) versus LL (median 5, p = .0005). While patients with ST had more progression/relapse opportunities (p < .0001), patients with CNS tumors had more EOL opportunities (p < .0001), earlier PC consultation, DNR status, and hospice enrollment. Palliative opportunities increased toward the EOL in all diseases (p < .0001). PC was consulted in 108 (36%) patients: LL (48%), ST (30%), and CNS (34%, p = .02).ConclusionsAll children with cancer incur many events warranting PC support. Patients with ST and CNS tumors had more palliative opportunities than LL, yet received less subspecialty PC. Understanding palliative opportunities within each disease group can guide PC utilization to ease patient and family stress.