bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonographic Diagnosis of Urinary System Affections in Dogs
Authors: Barot Hiren Mukeshbhai , Patel Malhar Dineshbhai , Parikh Pineshkumar Vasantlal 
Published: September 2022

In present investigation total 37 dogs with different urinary system affection were included. Common physical findings in urinary tract disease were stranguria / dysuria, haematuria, anuria and urinary incontinence. Ultrasonographic examinations showed hyperechoic calculi with acoustic shadow in case of kidney stone; lack of demarcation between the cortex and medulla and enlarged kidney in hydronephrosis, and non-homogenous small kidneys with loss of corticomedullary differentiation when dog was affected with chronic kidney disease. Cystic and urethral calculi ultrasonographically appeared as hyperechoic structures creating acoustic shadowing. Further renal mass, cystitis and urinary bladder mass were clearly diagnosed using ultrasonography. On the basis of present findings, we concluded that ultrasonography could be best exploited in the diagnosis of urinary system affections.
Dissident Genders and Sexualities in the Occupational Therapy Peer-Reviewed Literature: A Scoping Review
Authors: Leite Jaime Daniel , Lopes Roseli Esquerdo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Importance: The lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, and other dissident gender and sexuality (LGBTQIA+) population is prone to experiencing violence and social deprivation. Although occupational therapy research and practice has addressed populations experiencing various forms of discrimination, few studies have focused on the LGBTQIA+ population as an area of concern.
Objective: To map, characterize, and analyze peer-reviewed journal articles related to the LGBTQIA+ population in the occupational therapy literature.
Data Sources: We searched for journal articles published up to December 2021 indexed in the Virtual Health Library, CINAHL, SciELO Citation Index, SCOPUS, and Web of Science.
Study Selection and Data Collection: We used Arksey and O’Malley’s methodology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) extension for scoping reviews. Included articles articulated occupational therapy practice, education, research, and theoretical analysis in relation to LGBTQIA+.
Findings: Forty-three articles published from 1987 to 2021 met the inclusion criteria. They included 28 research articles, 9 reflection articles, 3 experience reports, and 3 literature reviews.
Conclusions and Relevance: Articles primarily offered general recommendations and possible professional contributions. More studies that seek to ascertain the effectiveness and limitations of occupational therapy practice with the LGBTQIA+ population are needed. With its diverse theoretical and methodological assumptions, occupational therapy can offer support so that professionals can alleviate these people’s suffering in oppressive conditions and contribute to a more just society.
What This Article Adds: This scoping review provides an overview of academic publications in occupational therapy on the LGBTQIA+ population, identifies dominant topics and gaps in this context, and points to ways to advance occupational therapy’s contributions and actions that consider the needs and demands of people of dissident genders and sexualities.
Evaluation of the plantar fascia in patients with diabetes mellitus: the role of sonoelastography
Authors: Harish C. Sneha , Dixit Rashmi , Singh Sapna , Garg Sandeep 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIt has been postulated that hyperglycaemic non-enzymatic glycation of proteins with subsequent accumulation of glycosylated end-products in tissues like the plantar fascia (PF) contributes to the development of foot ulcers in diabetics. The present study evaluates the spectrum of sonoelastographic findings in the plantar fascia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).Material and methodsA total of 81 patients and 32 healthy volunteers were included in the study. PF thickness was registered 1 cm distal to the attachment at the calcaneus. Greyscale ultrasonographic examination was followed by strain elastography of the PF based on which PF were qualitatively categorized into 3 grades (hard, intermediate, soft) depending on their predominant colour.ResultsPatients were found to have thicker PF than healthy volunteers (p < 0.0001). Grade 2 (intermediate elasticity) PF was the most common type seen in both groups (48.44% of healthy volunteers and 57.25% of patients). However, a greater number of patients (36.64%) had grade 3, i.e. soft PF as compared to healthy volunteers (9.38%).ConclusionsTo conclude, there is thickening and softening of the PF in patients with type 2 DM, supporting the hypo­thesis that diabetes-induced changes occur in the tissues of the foot.
The prevalence of isolated tentorial hypoplasia on magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Ünal Özkan , Şara Halil İbrahim 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe tent shape of the tentorium cerebelli helps preserve brain anatomy by providing cerebellum protection against pressure caused by the brain’s gravity effect. In the absence of this support structure of the tentorium, herniation occurs in the brain. Isolated tentorial hypoplasia (TH) is extremely rare. In this study, we aimed to calculate the prevalence of this entity, which is reported to be rare in the literature.Material and methodsMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images of 5163 patients who applied to the training and research hospital for various reasons between 1 September 2020, and 31 August 2021, who underwent brain MRI, were reviewed retrospectively.ResultsThe prevalence of TH among patients screened during a period of one year was calculated as 2.22%. Of these, 76.59% were female (n = 72) and 23.41% were male (n = 22). The rates of presentation of complaints among TH patients were 60.63% headache, 17.02% vertigo, 4.25% seizures, 3.19% tremor, 3.19% syncope, 7.44% forgetfulness, and 2.12% visual impairment. Five patients (11.76%) were admitted for metastasis investigation due to their primary malignancy; they did not have any complaints. Localization of TH: 18.08% (n = 17) were observed on the right side, 28.72% (n = 27) on the left side, and 53.19% (n = 50) on the bilateral tentorium leaf.ConclusionsBeing aware of TH during brain MRI evaluation will help prevent possible misdiagnoses. We hope that this study with a large number of patients will increase awareness about TH, because there are no studies other than cadaver studies and a few case reports.
On the potential of a neural-network-based approach for estimating XCO2 from OCO-2 measurements
Authors: Bréon François-Marie , David Leslie , Chatelanaz Pierre , Chevallier Frédéric 
Published: September 2022

Abstract. In David et al. (2021), we introduced a neural network (NN) approach for estimating the column-averaged dry-air mole fraction of CO2 (XCO2) and the surface pressure from the reflected solar spectra
acquired by the OCO-2 instrument. The results indicated great potential for
the technique as the comparison against both model estimates and independent TCCON measurements showed an accuracy and precision similar to or better than that of the operational ACOS (NASA's Atmospheric CO2 Observations from Space retrievals – ACOS) algorithm. Yet, subsequent analysis showed that the neural network estimate often mimics the training dataset and is unable to retrieve small-scale features such as CO2 plumes from industrial sites. Importantly, we found that, with the same inputs as those used to estimate XCO2 and surface pressure, the NN technique is able to estimate latitude and date with unexpected skill, i.e., with an error whose standard deviation is only 7∘ and 61 d, respectively. The information about the date mainly comes from the weak CO2 band, which is influenced
by the well-mixed and increasing concentrations of CO2 in the
stratosphere. The availability of such information in the measured spectrum
may therefore allow the NN to exploit it rather than the direct CO2
imprint in the spectrum to estimate XCO2. Thus, our first version of the NN
performed well mostly because the XCO2 fields used for the training were
remarkably accurate, but it did not bring any added value. Further to this analysis, we designed a second version of the NN, excluding
the weak CO2 band from the input. This new version has a different
behavior as it does retrieve XCO2 enhancements downwind of emission hotspots, i.e., a feature that is not in the training dataset. The comparison against the reference Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) and the surface-air-sample-driven inversion of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) remains very good, as in the first version of the NN. In addition, the difference with the CAMS model (also called innovation in a data assimilation context) for NASA Atmospheric CO2 Observations from Space
(ACOS) and the NN estimates is correlated. These results confirm the potential of the NN approach for an operational
processing of satellite observations aiming at the monitoring of CO2
concentrations and fluxes. The true information content of the neural
network product remains to be properly evaluated, in particular regarding
the respective input of the measured spectrum and the training dataset.
Comparison of CSPDarkNet53, CSPResNeXt-50, and EfficientNet-B0 Backbones on YOLO V4 as Object Detector
Authors: Mahasin Marsa , Dewi Irma Amelia 
Published: September 2022

YOLO v4 has a structure consisting of 3 parts: backbone, neck, and head. The backbone is a part of the YOLO v4 structure that serves as a feature extractor from the image; the backbone is also a convolutional neural network that can be replaced with another convolutional neural network. Many backbones are recommended by previous research, such as CSPDarkNet53, CSPResNeXt-50, and EfficientNet-B0. Therefore, research needs to be done to determine the effect of different backbones on the YOLO v4 model. One of the research objects that can be used is a microfossil. Research on the detection of microfossils is fundamental to assist paleontologists in knowing the species of microfossils as a determinant of rock age and distinguishing between similar microfossils. In this research, three backbones consisting of CSPDarkNet53, CSPResNeXt-50, and EfficientNet-B0 were used to train and detect image sets of 5 species of foraminiferal microfossils. The results were evaluated to determine the advantages of each backbone. There are a few metrics are that being used for evaluation, namely precision, recall, f1-score, average precision (AP), mean average precision (mAP), frames per second (FPS), and model size. As a result, the mean average precision (mAP) of the CSPDarkNet53 model reached 83.41%, the highest compared to CSPResNeXt-50 and EfficientNet-B0, which get a value of 81,00% and 81,76%. CSPResNeXt-50 model has a precision of 75.60%, recall of 81.10%, and f1-score of 78%. CSPDarkNet53 model also got the highest FPS value of 33.4FPS. However, the YOLO v4 model with the EfficientNet-B0 backbone is the lightest model, with only 156.8 MB.
On the distribution of primitive roots that are $(k,r)$-integers
Authors: Srichan Teerapat , Tangsupphathawat Pinthira 
Published: September 2022

Let $k$ and $r$ be fixed integers with $1<r<k$. A positive integer is called $r$-free if it is not divisible by the $r^{th}$ power of any prime. A positive integer $n$ is called a $(k,r)$-integer if $n$ is written in the form $a^kb$ where $b$ is an $r$-free integer. Let $p$ be an odd prime and let $x>1$ be a real number.
In this paper an asymptotic formula for the number of $(k,r)$-integers which are primitive roots modulo $p$ and do not exceed $x$ is obtained.
Role of industries in employment and economy of Nagpur City
Authors: Mishra Pl. Arundhatee 
Published: September 2022

Nagpur city lies in the Nagpur district of the state of Maharashtra. It enjoys the status of being the second capital of Maharashtra and is located in the geo-graphical centre of India. It is the 13th largest city in India by population and according to an Oxford's Economics report, Nagpur is projected to be the fifth fastest growing city in the world from 2019 to 2035 with an average growth of 8.41% (Nagpur, n.d.) . It is also an administrative educational, commercial and cultural centre of Vidarbha region. This paper will be focusing on the existing economy condition of Nagpur City which includes employment in agricultural & non-agricultural activities. Working population, density of workers and per capita income will be the major area of research in this study.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Postoperative Femoral Head Collapse in Patients With Ficat I, II, and III Stages of Aseptic Necrosis of the Femoral Head
Authors: Su Jingyang , Zhang Yaojie , Cao Bin , Li Xiao 
Published: September 2022

Objective:
To investigate the factors influencing postoperative femoral head collapse (FHC) in patients with Ficat I, II, and III stages of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH).

Methods:
Retrospective analysis of 178 patients with ANFH admitted to our hospital from October 2018 to October 2021 was studied, and patients were categorized into the FHC group and no FHC group according to whether FHC occurred after surgery. The influencing factors causing postoperative FHC were analyzed by univariate and multifactor logistic regression.

Results:
In the collapsed group, there were statistically significant differences in etiology, extent of necrosis, mechanism of injury, preoperative waiting time, Japanese Femoral Necrosis Research Society staging, distance from the tip of the tantalum rod to the center of necrosis, and Harris score after treatment (P < 0.05). The etiology, extent of necrosis, mechanism of injury, preoperative waiting time, Japanese Femoral Osteonecrosis Research Society classification, distance between the tantalum rod tip and the center of necrosis, and Harris score after treatment were set as independent variables, and postoperative FHC in patients with Ficat I, II, and III stages of ANFH was used as the dependent variable in the univariate logistic regression analysis.

Discussion:
Hormonal osteonecrosis of the femur, extent of necrosis, type C1 and type C2 in the Japanese Society for the Study of Femoral Osteonecrosis staging, and distance of the tip of the tantalum rod from the center of necrosis are risk factors for postoperative FHC in patients with Ficat I, II, and III stages of ANFH.
Main results of the "Telome Theory"
Authors: Zimmermann Walter 
Published: September 2022

The telome theory as a representalive of the "New Morphology", i.e. as a phylogenetic theory, describes the historical phylogendic process. This process forms in the first period of development the "Urtelome" (Thalassiophyta, Rhyniaceae). In the second period these "Urtelome" change to the recent Kormophyta. Only a few elementary processes participate in this immense change. In the first period, beginning with the unicellular stage, five cytological elementary processes formed the "Urtelome" (TEXT-FIG. 3): (1) connection of cells, (2) differentiation of meristem = origin of polarity, (3) rotation of cell axis, (4) shifting of chief phases in alternation of generations and (5) differentiation of different permanent tissues. The exterior form changes accordingly from the state of "Urtelome" to the recent shoot through five elementary processes (TEXT-FIG. 8): (1) planation, (2) overtopping, (3) syngenesis, (4) reduction and (5) incurvation.
During these and other phylogenetic processes the exterior form does not change immediately, as does the genotype. Visible forms arise ontogenetically out of this changed genotype. According to the "Law of Recapitulation" the ontogenetically youngest stages relatively often recapitulate the phylogeny. In particular, the Palaeontology, if statistically applied, offers sure proofs for the change of single features in phylogeny ("Merkmalsphylogenie").
Williamsonia Santalensis sp. nov. - A male fructification from the Rajmahal series, with remarks on the structure of Ontheanthus Polyandra Ganju
Authors: Sitholey R.V. , Bose M.N. 
Published: September 2022

W. santalensis sp. nov. is a male fructification from the Rajmahal series of the Upper Gondwanas. The material on which this species is based was discovered at Sakrigalighat in the Santal Parganas of Bihar. The fructification consists of a whorl of 20(?) microsporophylls coalescent towards the centre to form a shallow cup; the mode of attachment of the cup is not known. Each microsporophyll bears on its upper surface two rows of fingerlike appendages believed to be the spore-producing members. Inside each appendage there are two contiguous rows of small chambers. The spores are not preserved. The distal, sterile portion, of the microsporophyll shows an asymmetrical and obliquely twisted expansion of the lamina.
The present discovery has thrown light on the structure of Ontheanthus polyandra Ganju, described as a unique type differing from the Bennettitales in several important features. A comparison of W. santalensis and O. polyandra shows that the two flowers had a similar plan of construction, and that the supposed differences from the Bennettitales seen in the latter are based on a mistaken conception of its morphology.
W. santalensis and O. polyandra are kept separate for the present, but it is suggested that the discovery of more complete material in the future may make it possible to unite them under a common name.
A male flower of the Pentoxyleae with remarks on the structure of the female cones of the group
Authors: Vishnu-Mittre  
Published: September 2022

Under the name of Sahnia nipaniensis gen. et sp. nov. the author describes some specimens which he believes to be the male flowers of the Pentoxyleae. These were borne apically on dwarf shoots closely resembling those of Pentoxylon Sahnii Srivastava. The flower consists of filiform spirally branched microsporophylls, fused proximally to form a disc which surrounds a broad and conical receptacle. The unilocular sporangia are borne at the ends of short branches of the sporophylls. Pollen grains are monocolpate and boat-shaped. In young flower the microsporophylls are surrounded by a whorl of deciduous bracts.
The infructescence of Carnoconites laxum and several specimens (showing longitudinal section) of the infructescence of C. compactum have also been discovered. The infructescence of C. laxum differs from that of C. compactum in having much shorter pedicels and much longer female cones. The infructescence of C. compactum differs from the reconstruction made by Professor Sahni in the absence of bifurcation of the pedicels and in the arrangement of the cones.
On Sahnioxylon Rajmahalense, a new name for Homoxylon Rajmahalense Sahni, and S. Andrewsii, a new species of Sahnioxylon from Amrapara in the Rajmahal Hills, Bihar
Authors: Bose M.N. , Sah S.C.D. 
Published: September 2022

The name Salmioxylon rajmahalense is here adopted for the petrified wood Homoxylon rajmahalense Sahni, as the generic name Homoxylon was already used by Hartig in 1848 for a different type of fossil wood belonging to the Abietineae.
Two recently collected large specimens of Sahnioxylon rajmahalense, throwing further light on the anatomy of the secondary wood, are briefly described. Diagnosis of the genus Sahnioxylon is given based on all the available information.
A new species of Sahnioxylon, S. Andrewsii, is described on the basis of a specimen from Kulkipara near Amrapara, in the Rajmahal Hills, Bihar. Comparisons of the species have been made with Sahnioxylon rajmahalense, Cycadeoidea, Raumeyia and Colymbetes.
Osmundites Sahnii sp. nov., a new species of petrified osmundaceous rhizomes from India
Authors: Vishnu-Mittre  
Published: September 2022

The paper describes a petrified osmundaceous rhizome discovered from near Bmdrabun m the Jurassic of the Rajmahal Hills, Bihar.
The specimen made up of vertically growing leaf bases and roots, includes three stems in it. Each stem has a broad sclerenchymatous outer cortex, surrounding a narrow inner cortex. The stele consists of 50-70 individual strands arranged in a circle surrounding the sclerenchymatous pith. Most of the strands are continuous with one another. The medullary strands are absent. The C-shaped leaf traces are each enclosed in a sclerotid ring with several protoxylem groups. Several sclerenchymatous strands are found scattered in the pith of the trace as well as in the stipular wing. No sclerenchymatous tissue is noticed in contact with the stele of the leaf trace.
The specimen differs from the other Jurassic species of Osmundites in the distribution of sclerenchymatous strands in the leaf bases.
Studies on the fossil flora of Nipania (Rajmahal Series), India - Pentoxyleae
Authors: Vishnu-Mittre  
Published: September 2022

The paper describes several new anatomical details regarding the vegetative remains of the Pentoxyleae.
In the genus Pentoxylon Srivastava stems possessing more (8-9) or less (3-4) than the usual number of the steles are described. Besides the scalariform pitting, bi-and multiseriate medullary rays-characters not known before-are also described. The genus has been diagnosed for the first time.
The apical region of a dwarf shoot of Pentoxylon sahnii is described.
The genus Nipaniophyllum Sahni is reinvestigated and consequently the diagnosis of both the genus and the species N. raoi Sahni emended. The stomata in the genus are shown to be non-bennettitalean in nature.
The stems of Nipanioxylon guptai Sriv. are described.
In the light of new information along with the previously known facts it is shown that the Pentoxyleae is not a synthetic group and belongs to the Cycadophyta. It is the most primitive group amongst the cycadophytes and should rank with the Benuettitales and the Cycadales.
Two new Trilete spore genera from the Permian of India
Authors: Venkatachala B.S. , Kar R.K. 
Published: September 2022

Trilete spores associated with regular folds along the trilete rays with restricted distal ornamentation or possessing differential ornamentational pattern on two faces have been reported by Balme & Hennel1y (1956) from Australia, Bharadwaj (1962) and others from India.
The present paper deals with two new genera viz. Didecitriletes and Lacinitriletes recovered from the carbonaceous shale from the Upper Barakar Stage (Permian) at Badam, North Karanpura coalfield, Bihar. Both the genera are characterized by triangular to sub-triangular shape in polar view, trilete rays associated with folds and possessing differential ornamentation on proximal and distal sides. They have been separated from each other on the nature of sculptural elements of exine and included in a new subinfraturma Varitrileti along with Microfoveolatispora Bharadwaj and Microbaculispora Bharadwaj. Presently the group of spores included under this group seems to be restricted only to the Lower Gondwana sediments.