bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Medically Tailored Meals on Clinical Outcomes in Recently Hospitalized High-Risk Adults
Authors: Go Alan S. , Tan Thida C. , Horiuchi Kate M. , Laws Denise , Ambrosy Andrew P. , Lee Keane K. , Maring Benjamin L. , Joy Jena , Couch Cathryn , Hepfer Paul , Lo Joan C. , Parikh Rishi V. ,   for the KP NOURISH Study Investigators
Published: August 2022

Background:
Inability to adhere to nutritional recommendations is common and linked to worse outcomes in patients with nutrition-sensitive conditions.

Objectives:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether medically tailored meals (MTMs) improve outcomes in recently discharged adults with nutrition-sensitive conditions compared with usual care.

Research Design:
Remote pragmatic randomized trial.

Subjects:
Adults with heart failure, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease being discharged home between April 27, 2020, and June 9, 2021, from 5 hospitals within an integrated health care delivery system.

Measures:
Participants were prerandomized to 10 weeks of MTMs (with or without virtual nutritional counseling) compared with usual care. The primary outcome was all-cause hospitalization within 90 days after discharge. Exploratory outcomes included all-cause and cause-specific health care utilization and all-cause death within 90 days after discharge.

Results:
A total of 1977 participants (MTMs: n=993, with 497 assigned to also receive virtual nutritional counseling; usual care: n=984) were enrolled. Compared with usual care, MTMs did not reduce all-cause hospitalization at 90 days after discharge [adjusted hazard ratio, aHR: 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.86–1.21]. In exploratory analyses, MTMs were associated with lower mortality (aHR: 0.65, 95% CI, 0.43–0.98) and fewer hospitalizations for heart failure (aHR: 0.53, 95% CI, 0.33–0.88), but not for any emergency department visits (aHR: 0.95, 95% CI, 0.78–1.15) or diabetes-related hospitalizations (aHR: 0.75, 95% CI, 0.31–1.82). No additional benefit was observed with virtual nutritional counseling.

Conclusions:
Provision of MTMs after discharge did not reduce risk of all-cause hospitalization in adults with nutrition-sensitive conditions. Additional large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to definitively determine the impact of MTMs on survival and cause-specific health care utilization in at-risk individuals.
The Impact of Pancreatic Enzyme Replacement Therapy on Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Landers Amanda , Donaldson Francis , Brown Helen , McKenzie Clare , Pendharkar Sayali 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Advanced pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis globally. Patients often develop pancreatic exocrine insufficiency leading to malabsorption. This systematic literature review explores the impact of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) on patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Data sources include MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane (CENTRAL), PsychINFO, and Joanna Briggs Institute databases from inception to January 14, 2022, with reference list checking on Google Scholar. Narrative synthesis was used as the eligible studies were likely to be heterogeneous and hard to compare. This synthesis approach uses 4 steps: theory development, preliminary synthesis, exploration of relationships, and assessment of the robustness of the synthesis. Four themes arose from analyzing the study outcomes including PERT education, efficacy of PERT, the patient experience, and lack of awareness regarding enzyme replacement. The included studies did not use validated tools or standardized measurements, which made it difficult to compare or draw conclusions. Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy shows the potential to improve symptoms, nutrition, weight loss, and survival, but high-quality studies with standardized outcomes have not been completed. Patient and health professional education is required because there seems to be a general lack of awareness about the use of PERT in pancreatic cancer.
Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020195986
Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Authors: Gauci James , Azzopardi Neville , Babic Darko , Cortis Kelvin , Axisa Benedict 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type (NF-1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized predominantly by neurocutaneous manifestations. Involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is uncommon but is associated with a significant risk of malignancy. There are a handful of case reports linking NF-1 with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors; these include gastrin-secreting variants with the attendant Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. We present the case of a 52-year-old lady who presented with recurrent peptic ulceration and diarrhea. Serum gastrin levels were elevated and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated the presence of a pancreatic lesion with multiple liver metastases. The lesion was moderately fludeoxyglucose avid on positron emission tomography-computed tomography. Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided sampling revealed the presence of synaptophysin positive neuroendocrine cells with positive gastrin immunostaining. A conservative approach was adopted, and the patient's symptoms improved on proton pump inhibitors. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is an important condition, which should be kept in mind in the patient with NF-1 who presents with recurrent peptic ulceration and diarrhea. The emerging association between these 2 conditions is being examined on a cellular and immunohistochemical level.
Work Readiness of Newly Licensed RNs
Authors: Walters Gloria , Hoffart Nancy , Kring Daria , Whitley Tracey , Horne Lindsey , Almotairy Monir 
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to examine the work readiness of newly licensed RNs (NLRNs) based on demographics, education, and work experiences.

BACKGROUND
Work readiness is the extent to which new graduates possess qualities and competencies associated with workplace success. Work readiness of NLRNs complements their clinical knowledge and skills and has been shown to predict job satisfaction and work engagement.

METHODS
Two hundred ninety-seven NLRNs participating in the nurse residency program of a health system in the southeast region of the United States were surveyed using the Work Readiness Scale–Graduate Nurse.

RESULTS
Scores on all readiness dimensions were high. Analysis revealed unexpected differences in readiness dimensions based on race, nursing degree, and completion of a nurse externship program.

CONCLUSIONS
Work readiness adds to our understanding of factors that can affect the transition of NLRNs into the work setting. Further research is needed to understand how work readiness develops over time, factors that predict work readiness, and its relationship to NLRN retention and other outcomes.
The Resolution of Severe Iron-Deficiency Anemia After Successful Eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Teenagers
Authors: Kato Seiichi , Gold Benjamin D. , Kato Ayumu 
Published: August 2022

Objectives:
Long-term follow-up studies with Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in children with H. pylori-associated iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) are scarce. We investigated whether successful H. pylori eradication would result in maintaining resolution of recurrent and/or refractory IDA in a cohort of teenagers in Japan.

Methods:
In this case series, 7 H. pylori-infected patients with recurrent and/or refractory IDA (12–16 y old) received successful eradication therapy and were then followed for a median of 20 months (range, 9–76 mo) after oral iron supplementation therapy (1–4 mo) was discontinued. Five patients of our study cohort participated in rigorous sports activities.

Results:
No visual appearance of ulcerations or erosions was found by esophagogastroduodenoscopy. In all patients studied, the gastric biopsies showed histological evidence of chronic gastritis without significant atrophy and intestinal metaplasia. Compared with the baseline (median values: hemoglobin, 6.3 g/dL; serum iron, 9 μg/dL; serum ferritin, 1.5 ng/mL), values of hemoglobin (P < 0.001), serum iron (P < 0.005), and ferritin (P < 0.001) significantly increased, on average, 2–3 months after eradication therapy and these iron indices were maintained at the same or higher levels at the endpoint of follow-up (median values: 14.2 g/dL, 102 μg/dL, and 29.3 ng/mL, respectively). No patient had recurrence of IDA at the time of final follow-up.

Conclusions:

H. pylori infection can be closely associated with recurrent or refractory IDA in teenage children. It is speculated that increased iron demands as a result of growth spurt in adolescents may play a synergistic role in combination with H. pylori in the pathogenesis of IDA.
Developing a National Trauma Research Action Plan (NTRAP): Results from the Long-term Outcomes Research Gap Delphi Survey
Authors: Herrera-Escobar Juan P. , Reidy Emma , Phuong Jimmy , Brasel Karen J. , Cuschieri Joseph , Fallat Mary , Potter Benjamin K. , Price Michelle A. , Bulger Eileen M. , Haider Adil H. ,   the NTRAP Long-term Outcomes Panel
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
In the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine 2016 report on trauma care, the establishment of a National Trauma Research Action Plan (NTRAP) to strengthen and guide future trauma research was recommended. To address this recommendation, the Department of Defense funded the Coalition for National Trauma Research to generate a comprehensive research agenda spanning the continuum of trauma and burn care. We describe the gap analysis and high-priority research questions generated from the NTRAP panel on long-term outcomes.

Methods
Experts in long-term outcomes were recruited to identify current gaps in long-term trauma outcomes research, generate research questions, and establish the priority for these questions using a consensus-driven, Delphi survey approach from February 2021 through August 2021. Panelists were identified using established Delphi recruitment guidelines to ensure heterogeneity and generalizability including both military and civilian representation. Panelists were encouraged to use a PICO format to generate research questions: Patient/Population; Intervention; Compare/Control; Outcome model. On subsequent surveys, panelists were asked to prioritize each research question on a 9-point Likert scale, categorized to represent low-, medium-, and high-priority items. Consensus was defined as ≥60% of panelists agreeing on the priority category.

Results
Thirty-two subject matter experts generated 482 questions in 17 long-term outcome topic areas. By Round 3 of the Delphi, 359 (75%) questions reached consensus, of which 107 (30%) were determined to be high priority, 252 (70%) medium priority, and 0 (0%) low priority. Substance abuse & pain was the topic area with the highest number of questions. Health services (not including mental health or rehabilitation) (64%), mental health (46%), and geriatric population (43%) were the topic areas with the highest proportion of high-priority questions.

Conclusions
This Delphi gap analysis of long-term trauma outcomes research identified 107 high-priority research questions that will help guide investigators in future long-term outcomes research.

Level of evidence
Level IV
The effect of COVID-19 vaccination and booster on maternal-fetal outcomes: a retrospective multicenter cohort study
Authors: Piekos Samantha N. , Hwang Yeon Mi , Roper Ryan T. , Sorensen Tanya , Price Nathan D. , Hood Leroy , Hadlock Jennifer J. 
Published: August 2022

SummaryBackgroundCOVID-19 infection in pregnant people has previously been shown to increase the risk for poor maternal-fetal outcomes. Despite this, there has been a lag in COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant people due to concerns over the potential effects of the vaccine on maternal-fetal outcomes. Here we examine the impact of COVID-19 vaccination and booster on maternal COVID-19 breakthrough infections and birth outcomes.MethodsThis was a retrospective multicenter cohort study on the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on maternal-fetal outcomes for people that delivered (n=86,833) at Providence St. Joseph Health across Alaska, California, Montana, Oregon, New Mexico, Texas, and Washington from January 26, 2021 through July 11, 2022. Cohorts were defined by vaccination status at time of delivery: unvaccinated (n=48,492), unvaccinated propensity score matched (n=26,790), vaccinated (n=26,792; two doses of mRNA-1273 Moderna or BNT162b2 Pfizer-BioNTech), and/or boosted (n=7,616). The primary outcome was maternal COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 vaccination status at delivery, COVID-19 infection-related health care, preterm birth (PTB), stillbirth, very low birth weight (VLBW), and small for gestational age (SGA) were evaluated as secondary outcomes.FindingsVaccinated pregnant people were significantly less likely to have a maternal COVID-19 infection than unvaccinated matched (p<0.0001) pregnant people. During a maternal COVID-19 infection, vaccinated pregnant people had similar rates of hospitalization (p=0.23), but lower rates of supplemental oxygen (p<0.05) or vasopressor (p<0.05) use than those in an unvaccinated matched cohort. Compared to an unvaccinated matched cohort, vaccinated people had significantly lower stillbirth rate (p<0.01) as well as no difference in rate of PTB (p=0.35), SGA (p=0.79), or rate of VLBW (>1,500 g; 0.31). Vaccinated people who were boosted had significantly lower rates of maternal COVID-19 infections (p<0.0001), COVID-19 related hospitalization (p<0.05), PTB (p<0.05), stillbirth (p<0.01), SGA (p<0.05), and VLBW (p<0.01), compared to vaccinated people that did not receive a third booster dose five months after completing the initial vaccination series.InterpretationCOVID-19 vaccination protects against adverse maternal-fetal outcomes with booster doses conferring additional protection against COVID-19 infection. It is therefore important for pregnant people to have high priority status for vaccination, and for them to stay current with their COVID-19 vaccination schedule.FundingThis study was funded by the National Institute for Child Health & Human Development and the William O. and K. Carole Ellison Foundation.
The association between cardiovascular health and peripheral and central auditory functions in adults: a protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Daly Rosie C. , O’Donnell Emma , Barrett Laura , Füllgrabe Christian 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe ability to process sounds decreases with advancing age and the already high prevalence of people with hearing loss (HL) is estimated to increase further over time. Hearing loss reduces speech identification which is important for day-to-day communication. In addition, it can lead to social isolation, depression, and lower quality of life. Current hearing rehabilitation strategies (eg, hearing aids) provide some benefits, but are not always accepted by hearing-impaired listeners and are less successful in real-life listening situations. Consequently, alternative rehabilitation strategies, such as the manipulation of cardiovascular (CV) health for the prevention and rehabilitation of HL, should be explored. Some research suggests that CV health and auditory functions are related, but the existence of such a link has not been systematically evaluated. This manuscript outlines the protocol for a systematic review of published research on the association between CV health and peripheral and central auditory functions across the adult lifespan and for all levels of hearing abilities.Method and analysisThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) checklist will be followed. Studies included for analysis will be original peer-reviewed articles, measuring cardiovascular health and hearing abilities to explore their relationship. Participants will be aged ≥18 years and will have various levels of hearing sensitivity and of CV health. Databases will be searched, using key words, to obtain evidence that meets the defined set of inclusion criteria. Data will be extracted and examined by two reviewers. Quality checks will occur, and, if appropriate, a meta-analysis will be performed. Data analysis will be completed and reported in a full systematic review, following the PRISMA guidelines.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval is needed for the systematic review as only published data will be analysed. Findings will be disseminated at conferences and in peer-reviewed journals.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42022353002STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS STUDY-The protocol follows the guidelines set out in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P).-The systematic review will consider both direct and indirect measures of CV health.-The relationship of CV health with peripheral and with central auditory functioning will be examined.-Results will indicate whether the manipulation of CV health could be used as an alternative rehabilitation strategy for HL.-The systematic review will only include studies in the English language.
Psychological resilience mediates the relationship between perceived neuropsychological impairment and quality of life in a sample of patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Broche-Pérez Yunier , Jiménez-Morales Rodneys M. , Monasterio-Ramos Laura Ortiz , Bauer Johana 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe impact of subjective cognitive concerns (SCCs) on the quality of life (QoL) of patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) has practically not been studied. In this study the relationship between subjective cognitive concerns and quality of life in PwMS was explored. Furthermore, to explore whether psychological resilience acts as a mediator in the relationship between SCCs and QoL. A total of 214 PwMS were surveyed using the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life Inventory, the Multiple Sclerosis Neuropsychological Questionnaire (MSNQ) and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Our results showed that, SCCs is a predictor of levels of perceived QoL in PwMS. Patients who report higher scores on the MSNQ also showed a worse quality of life in global terms. The results also showed that resilience mediates the relationship between SCCs and QoL, both for the physical dimension of quality of life (physical health composite) and for the mental health dimension (mental health composite). In our patients, as resilience levels increase, the negative impact of SCCs on QoL decreases. Considering that resilience is a modifiable protective factor, the implementation of interventions aimed at enhancing resilience can have a favorable impact on the psychological well-being and quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis.
Correlation Analysis of Demographic Characteristics of Internal Medicine Residents on the Training Effect of Flipped Teaching Based on Video Conference
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Yu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveI aimed to clarify whether the demographic characteristics of internal medicine residents are related to the training effect of Flipped Teaching based on Video Conference, so as to further improve the teaching management and quality control.MethodsA total of 43 residents who participated in the Flipped Teaching based on Video Conference in April and June were included as the research objects. Online examination was conducted for these residents, and the demographic characteristics of these residents and their examination score were quantitatively analyzed, so as to clarify the correlation between the demographic characteristics of these residents and their examination score.ResultsThe average score of 43 residents in the online examination was 72.0(64.0-79.0). 40 residents passed the exam, accounting for 93.0%. The bivariate correlations analysis showed that the age, gender, educational background, training batch and training phase of residents were not correlated with the examination score; all P > 0.05. The age, gender, educational background, training batch and training phase of these residents were not correlated with the examination score by single linear regression and multiple linear regression analysis; all P > 0.05.ConclusionAge, gender, educational background, training batches and training phases of internal medicine residents are not related to the examination score after Flipped Teaching based on Video Conference. Demographic characteristics may not be related to the training effect of residents through preliminary study.
Antisense oligonucleotide to SARS-Cov-2 trs gene: antiviral activity on an in vitro model and possibilities of vital and postmortem diagnosis of COVID-19
Authors: Goryachev A.N. , Shtro A.A. , Galochkina A.V. , Goryacheva A.S. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTThe data on the relevance of the 5 ‘-AGC CGA GTG ACA GCC ACA CAG antisense oligonucleotide for binding to the trs-gene of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, are presented. The high stability and conservatism of this section of the SARS-CoV-2 genome is shown, which allows it to be used as an application point for antisense oligonucleotides. By evaluating plaque inhibition, the ability of this antisense oligonucleotide with phosphorothioate and 2’-oxymethyl modification to suppress viral replication was found. The effective dosage reducing the virus titer by 50% is 3.84 mcg/ml. No toxicity was shown up to a dosage of 100 μg/mL, which is more than 28.8 chemotherapeutic index. The ability of this oligonucleotide conjugated to the fluorescent dye TAMRA to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the fluorescent hybridization reaction in situ in cytological preparations of nasopharyngeal smears and blood smears, as well as in histological preparations of internal tissues is shown.
Real-world evidence with a retrospective cohort of 15,968 Andalusian COVID-19 hospitalized patients suggests 21 new effective treatments and one drug that increases death risk
Authors: Loucera Carlos , Carmona Rosario , Esteban-Medina Marina , Bostelmann Gerrit , Muñoyerro-Muñiz Dolores , Villegas Román , Peña-Chilet María , Dopazo Joaquin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDespite the extensive vaccination campaigns in many countries, COVID-19 is still a major worldwide health problem because of its associated morbidity and mortality. Therefore, finding efficient treatments as fast as possible is a pressing need. Drug repurposing constitutes a convenient alternative when the need for new drugs in an unexpected medical scenario is urgent, as is the case with COVID-19. Using data from a central registry of electronic health records (the Andalusian Population Health Database, BPS), the effect of prior consumption of drugs for other indications previous to the hospitalization with respect to patient survival was studied on a retrospective cohort of 15,968 individuals, comprising all COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Andalusia between January and November 2020. Covariate-adjusted hazard ratios and analysis of lymphocyte progression curves support a significant association between consumption of 21 different drugs and better patient survival. Contrarily, one drug, furosemide, displayed a significant increase in patient mortality.