bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Variation Conditions of The Extraction Process of Morinda Citrifolia L Leaves Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Method (Uae)
Authors: Buanasari Buanasari , Dhamayanti Sonia Murniana Sri , Suryaningsih Suryaningsih 
Published: February 2022

Background: Morinda citrifolia L. is widely used as traditional medicine for various diseases. The benefits of noni are studied from the seeds, fruit, leaves and root bark. This leaf active compound is rich in flavonoids, so an effective extraction process is needed to extract it. Conventional extraction generally takes a long time and involves a thermal process that can damage the compound, so it requires extraction with the latest methods, one of which is the use of ultrasonic waves. Aim: This study aims to examine the effect of variations in extraction process conditions on present yield, DPPH scavenging activity, flavonoid content and phenol content of Morinda citrifolia L leaves by varying the solids-solvent ratio (1:10, 1:20, 1:30, dan 1:40 g/mL), and extraction temperature (25, 35, 45, and 55ÂºC). Method: The process uses the ultrasonic assisted extraction method with 50 %V ethanol for 60 minutes. Result: The highest yield was obtained in the extraction with a solids-solvent ratio of 1:40 g/mL, at an extraction temperature of 55ÂºC, which was 32.29Â±0.066%. The highest flavonoid content (173.41Â±0.615 mg quercetin equivalent/g extract), phenol content (197.00Â±0.148 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract) and DPPH scavenging activity (97.65Â±0.912%) was obtained in the extraction with a solids-solvent ratio of 1:30 g/mL, at an extraction temperature of 25ÂºC. The best extract measured antioxidant activity and IC50 values obtained with 23.21 Âµg/mL. Conclusion: The use of the ultrasonic assisted extraction method by selecting the optimal operating conditions greatly increases the amount of active compound uptake required.
Quality Test of Palm Cooking Oil Used Repeatedly Based on Free Fatty Acid Content, Moisture Content, Peroxide Number
Authors: Dewi Pevy Syntia , Ulfah Maria 
Published: February 2022

Background: Cooking oil used repeatedly can increase levels of free fatty acids and the number of peroxides in the blood, so that the risk of heart disease and diabetes. Aim: The purpose of the study was to find out the quality of palm cooking oil used repeatedly in tempeh mendoan against organoleptic, moisture content, free fatty acid content and peroxide number content. Method: Samples of palm cooking oil are used to fry tempe mendoan at 105oC for 10 and 60 minutes as much as 1 frying pan per day for 3 days, then the oil is cooled at room temperature and filter the oil so that it does not mix from the rest of the fried tempeh mendoan. Filtered oils are tested for quality with test parameters including organolepty including shape, color, odor, moisture content, peroxide levels, and free fatty acid levels. The data results were compared with sni 01-3741-2002 cooking oil quality standard and each level was analyzed using nonparametric statistics (Kruskall-Wallis) with a confidence level of 95%. Result: Organoleptic test results obtained the form of cooking oil in light yellow to yellow gold at the 10th minute on the 2nd day after 2 frying pans and orange in the 60 minutes after 3 frying pans for 3 days. Moisture content obtained results 2,086Â± 2,142 (10th minute) and 0.369Â± 0.304 (60th minute), free fatty acid content obtained results 0.317Â± 0.044 (10th minute) and 0.337Â± 0.076 (60th minute), the rate of peroxide numbers obtained resulted in 0.281Â± 0.090 (10th minute) and 0.386Â±0.158 (60th minute). Based on statistics tests there are significant differences (<0.05) to the decrease in water content quality, free fatty acid content and peroxide levels in palm oil cooking oil used repeatedly in tempe mendoan.
The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell in Controlling Liver Function on Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Antari Arini Dewi , Prasetio Ardi , Nugroho Baskoro Adi 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Background: Liver fibrosis (LF) is the end-stage of liver damage characterized by the increase concentration of SGOT and SGPT. A previous study, revealed that liver transplantation as the most effective therapy for LF has limited availability and remains a major challenge. Mesenchymal stem may control inflammation and regenerate damaged tissue leading to accelerated liver function repair.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum doze for MSC administration to recover LF.
Method: The research used variations doze of MSCs administration of 1x106 and 2x106. Liver firbosis was induced by twice a week intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) (Sigma-Aldrich) dissolved with olive oil in 1:1 ratio for eight weeks. The concentration of SGPT SGOT was measured at day 9 post MSC administration. One Way Anova was performed to analyze statictical data.
Result: This study showed that there was a significant decrease in SGOT concentration (P < 0,05). P2 group treatment showed the lowest concentration of SGOT among the treatment (Figure B). In the same time, the administration of UC-MSCs reduce SGPT concentration insignificantly (P > 0,05).
Conclusion: The transplantation of MSCs ameliorated LF by reducing SGPT and SGOT concentration
Alpinia galanga Extract Inhibits MCF-7/HER2+ Cells by Inducing Apoptosis
Authors: Ibrahim Sugeng 
Published: February 2022

Background: Cancer is a disease caused by abnormal growth of body tissue cells. Cancer treatment strategy by induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation.
Aim: This research aims to examine the anticancer effect of Alpinia galanga extract on MCF-7/HER2+ breast cancer cells.
Method: The MTT Assay cytotoxic test was carried out to determine the growth inhibitory activity. Apoptotic assay to determine the activity of compounds in apoptosis, as well as through a structural approach utilizing various virtual platforms to monitor its activity.
Result: Based on the MTT assay Alpinia galanga extract possessed cytotoxic effect in dose-dependent manner with IC50 value of 330.79 μg/mL. The extract induces apoptosis of MCF-7 cells up to 25.56%.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that Alpinia galanga extract demonstrated cytotoxic activity toward MCF-7/HER2+ breast through apoptosis induction. This extract had an opportunity to be developed as a potential anticancer agent to overcome breast cancer diseases.
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON MgO ACTIVITY IN THE CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 SYSTEM MEASURED BY MOLTEN TIN
Authors: Guo Yongchun , Fengman Shen , Zheng Haiyan , Wang Shuo , Jiang Xin , Gao Qiangjian 
Published: February 2022

Blast-furnace slag is one of the main by-products produced in the process of blast-furnace ironmaking. Its metallurgical properties have an important impact on the smooth operation and long life of blast furnaces. In this paper, the activity of MgO in a CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 quaternary slag system was measured using the reference-slag method at 1773–1873 K. The effects of temperature on MgO activity and the activity coefficient of Mg in Sn of the CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 quaternary slag system were discussed. The results showed that when w(MgO)/w(Al2O3) = 0.40, B(w(CaO)/w(SiO2)) = 1.30 and w(Al2O3) = (12 %; 15 %; 18 %; 20 %), the activity of the MgO and the activity coefficient of the Mg in Sn increased with increasing temperature. With increasing temperature, the grooves in the SiO4 tetrahedral structure at wavenumbers of 800–1200 cm–1 gradually became shallow and flat, indicating that the complex silicate structure synthesized in the form of SiO2 decreased and the activity of the MgO increased. According to the CaF2-MgO binary phase diagram, the dissolution enthalpy of MgO was calculated to be –16.409 kJ/mol.
DETERMINING THE THERMAL ENERGY REQUIRED TO HEAT A BIOGAS PLANT FERMENTER
Authors: Prvulovic Slavica , Josimovic Milica , Radosav Dragica , Tolmac Jasna , Jovanovic Sasa , Micic Ivica 
Published: February 2022

The paper presents a procedure for determining the optimal amount of thermal energy for the profitable operation of a biogas plant. The temperature at which anaerobic fermentation takes place shortens the time of fermentation and biogas production, but also the provision of higher temperatures requires a certain amount of thermal energy, whose consumption reduces the energy effects of the biogas production system. In this paper the results of the average outdoor temperature and the temperature of inlet mass in fermenter are shown by months, the thermal energy is calculated so as the heat losses of primary and secondary fermenter, and the total required thermal energy to heat the fermenter by months is determined. The required thermal energy for heating the fermenter is presented in percentages, on average 16 % in relation to the total produced thermal energy. Careful analysis determined that the temperature for most profitable anaerobic fermentation process (mesophilic temperature is 40.5 °C), so that the fermentation rate would be optimal with the use of minimum amount of thermal energy to heat the fermenter.
Analyzing the 2020 Mw 6.4 Puerto Rico Earthquake Sequence Based on the Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequence Model
Authors: Li Yuanhui , Pu Wuchuan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
On 7 January 2020, an Mw 6.4 earthquake occurred on the southwest coast of Puerto Rico, causing severe infrastructure damage and economic property losses. Accompanied with the mainshock, a large number of aftershocks occurred. For investigating the seismological activities, the earthquake sequence is fitted using the ETAS (epidemic-type aftershock sequence) model, based on a seismic catalog with 360 days in the region. The background intensity and the triggered intensity of the sequence are compared, and the variation trend of the parameters of the seismic catalog under different cut-off times are analyzed. Results show that the seismicity has been significantly enhanced during this event. Within 40 days after the mainshock, the background intensity reached the maximum value of 7.26 events/day, while the value is 0.013 events/day before the mainshock. The sequence may be clustered. Both large-magnitude earthquakes and small-magnitude earthquakes are likely to trigger secondary aftershocks. The spatial attenuation of the triggered intensity gradually becomes faster.
Comparison of Blade and Needle Tenotomy for Treatment of Residual Equinus in Idiopathic Clubfoot.
Authors: Ikechukwu Okwesili C , Ugochukwu Enweani N , Onyekachukwu Enweani O , Damian Ogbu C 
Published: February 2022

Background: Tenotomy for residual equinus is commonly required in the management idiopathic club. The need to reduce complication and cost has made the advancement from mini open to needle tenotomy. This is even more pertinent in low- and middle-income country where clubfoot is more common. The study compared the outcome of needle and blade tenotomy for management of idiopathic club foot.
Patients and Methods: it is a prospective randomized study of patient requiring tenotomy for residual equinus from July 2015 to June 2020 at a tertiary Orthopediccenter.
Results:A tenotomy rate of 60 percent was noted. It involves thirty-one patients with forty-three feet were include in the study. The mean follow up was 27,1 months. There was no significant difference in the outcome of equinus correction. Three patients had relapse of deformity, two in the blade group and one in the needle group. All were resolved by further manipulation.
Conclusion: Needle tenotomy offers similar outcome to blade tenotomy. It is less expensive and more acceptable to those scared of the surgical blade.
Eventos de vida en la infancia y su relación con el trastorno de estrés postraumático en adultos en Lima Metropolitana.
Authors: Portella Christian , Mayo-Arpi Diana , Valladares-Lujan Nathanael , Saavedra Javier E. 
Published: February 2022

Objetivos: Determinar la relación entre los eventos de vida en la infancia y el trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT) en la población adulta de Lima Metropolitana. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un análisis secundario del Estudio Epidemiológico de Salud Mental de Lima Metropolitana 2 012, que utilizó los instrumentos de la versión breve y modificada del Egna Minen av Bardoms Uppfostran (EMBU), cuestionario de eventos adversos tempranos y Mini Entrevista Neuropsiquiátrica Internacional (MINI), versión española. Resultados: Aquellos que recibieron una crianza más permisiva para con actividades no permitidas a sus hermanos(as) presentaron una relación estadísticamente significativa con el TEPT (OR 1,70, IC 95% 1,09-2,65, p=0,019, al igual que eventos vitales tales como haber sido objeto o haber sufrido de chantajes, manipulaciones o humillaciones (OR 6,22, IC 95% 4,11-9,42, p<0,001). Conclusiones: Existe alguna relación entre estilo parental de crianza permisiva (“Le permitían hacer cosas que a sus hermanos(as) no les permitían”) y experiencias de eventos adversos (“Mientras crecía fue objeto (o sufrió) de chantajes, manipulaciones o humillaciones en forma frecuente”) en la infancia, con el TEPT en habitantes adultos de Lima Metropolitana.
Vestibular Disorder Approach Base on International Classification of Vestibular Disorder
Authors: Pikatan Orlando , Sumada I Ketut , Wiratmi Ni Ketut Candra , Yuliani Desie 
Published: February 2022

Vestibular symptoms are symptoms that interfere with daily activities. Diagnosing these symptoms often relies on radiologic examinations that lead to a false negative. Proper clinical approach and study showed higher accuracy than radiologic examination on vestibular disease. These clinical approaches are based on time, triggers, and targeted analysis. The new vestibular symptoms will be classified into acute vestibular syndrome, episodic vestibular syndrome, and chronic vestibular syndrome. An acute vestibular syndrome is a vestibular symptom that lasts for days up to weeks. The episodic vestibular syndrome is vestibular symptoms that periodically appear. The chronic vestibular syndrome is a vestibular symptom that appears from months to years. Diagnosing vestibular symptoms must be precisely made. The proper termination is the best way to facilitate doctors in communicating with each other. Using this classification is a precise and easy way to detect vestibular etiology. This review is made for clinicians to determine and differentiate the etiology of the vestibular syndrome and gives information in uniforming nomenclature of vestibular symptoms.
Cerebral Sinus Venous Thrombosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Riswandi Asep , Pinto Desti Ramadhoni  , Nova Kurniati  , Faisal Raden Muhammad 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT) is a major cause of stroke in young patients. The incidence of CSVT ranging from 1-12 cases per 1 million adults per year. Autoimmune diseases such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) can cause CSVT. The incidence of CSVT involvement in SLE is 1%. It is characterized by thrombosis in the sinuses and veins, which causes various symptoms, such as headache, seizures, motor weakness, and decreased consciousness. Cases: We report a case of a 20-year-old woman with SLE who complained of seizures accompanied by weakness on both sides of the body and a history of headaches. There is an increase in D-dimer, with positive ANA and anti-ds-DNA tests. A non-contrast CT scan of the head showed a lobar venous infarct with hyperdense lesions, a head non-contrast MRI/MRV revealed a dural sinus thrombosis with a deep cortical/subcortical venous infarct, no bleeding was seen. Patients were given Fondaparinux sodium therapy for 5 days, followed by Warfarin sodium for 3-12 months with a target INR of 2.0-3.0, and control SLE by administering immunosuppressants gave better outcomes for patients. Conclusion: The diagnosis of CSVT in this patient was based on clinical suspicion and imaging confirmation, and elevation of D-dimer. Non-contrast CT of the head as an initial examination often shows normal imaging. Still, there is also an image of a hyperdense lesion that usually causes an incorrect diagnosis, resulting in delays in therapy. Anticoagulation in CSVT should still be given even if there is bleeding.
Radial Forearm Vascularized Osteomuscular Flap for Proximal Ulnar Deficiency After Revision Total Elbow Arthroplasty
Authors: Hill J. Ryan , Boyer Martin I. , Chamberlain Aaron M. 
Published: February 2022

Case:
A 61-year-old woman presented with a failed proximal ulna allograft-prosthetic composite after revision total elbow arthroplasty (TEA). The ulnar deficiency was addressed using an osteomuscular flap from the distal radius pedicled on the radial artery. At final follow-up, she had minimal pain and a flexion-extension arc of 0° to 130°. Radiographs demonstrated graft incorporation and a stable TEA construct.

Conclusion:
This demonstrates utilization of a vascularized osteomuscular flap from the radius for treatment of proximal ulnar deficiency in the setting of revision TEA. This technique offers an alternative option for the challenge of a failed TEA with ulnar bone loss.
Spondylolysis of the Thoracic Spine with Instability
Authors: Ramachandran Karthik , Viswanathan Vibhu Krishnan , Kavishwar Rohit Akshay , Shetty Ajoy Prasad , Shanmuganathan Rajasekaran 
Published: February 2022

Case:
A 51-year-old lady with multiple comorbidities presented with T11 spondylolysis in association with thoracic stenosis and myelopathy. Our patient underwent T11-T12 laminectomy, T10-L1 posterior instrumented stabilization, and T11-T12 transforaminal interbody fusion. She had a good neurological recovery, and the radiographs at 1-year follow-up showed good fusion and implant position.

Conclusion:
Spondylolysis is an anatomical defect or stress fracture of the pars interarticularis and usually reported in the lumbar region. This case of T11 spondylolysis in association with thoracic stenosis, spinal instability, and myelopathy is highlighted for its rarity and to reiterate the need for high index of suspicion among surgeons for the timely diagnosis.
Shape-Dependent Multi-Weight Magnetic Artificial Synapses for Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Leonard Thomas , Liu Sam , Alamdar Mahshid , Cui Can , Akinola Otitoaleke , Xue Lin , Xiao Tianyao , Friedman Joseph , Marinella Matthew , Bennett Christopher , Incorvia Jean Anne 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In neuromorphic computing, artificial synapses provide a multi-weight conductance state that is set based on inputs from neurons, analogous to the brain. Additional properties of the synapse beyond multiple weights can be needed, and can depend on the application, requiring the need for generating different synapse behaviors from the same materials. Here, we measure artificial synapses based on magnetic materials that use a magnetic tunnel junction and a magnetic domain wall. By fabricating lithographic notches in a domain wall track underneath a single magnetic tunnel junction, we achieve 4-5 stable resistance states that can be repeatably controlled electrically using spin orbit torque. We analyze the effect of geometry on the synapse behavior, showing that a trapezoidal device has asymmetric weight updates with high controllability, while a straight device has higher stochasticity, but with stable resistance levels. The device data is input into neuromorphic computing simulators to show the usefulness of application-specific synaptic functions. Implementing an artificial neural network applied on streamed Fashion-MNIST data, we show that the trapezoidal magnetic synapse can be used as a metaplastic function for efficient online learning. Implementing a convolutional neural network for CIFAR-100 image recognition, we show that the straight magnetic synapse achieves near-ideal inference accuracy, due to the stability of its resistance levels. This work shows multi-weight magnetic synapses are a feasible technology for neuromorphic computing and provides design guidelines for emerging artificial synapse technologies.
Mendelian Randomization Analysis Identified Genes Pleiotropically Associated With Intraocular Pressure
Authors: Yang Zhikun , Zhang Zhewei , Yang Jingyun , Yu Weihong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective: To prioritize genes that were pleiotropically or potentially causally associated with intraocular pressure (IOP).Methods: We adopted the summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) method which estimated the pleiotropic effect of gene expression on IOP. SMR was based on summarized data of genome-wide association study (GWAS) on IOP and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data. We performed separate SMR analysis using GTEx and CAGE eQTL data. Results: We identified nine and six genes showing pleiotropic association with IOP in the SMR analysis using GTEx and CAGE eQTL data, respectively. RP11-259G18.3 (ENSG00000262539.1; PSMR = 2.66 × 10− 6), KANSL1-AS1(ENSG00000214401.4; PSMR = 2.78 × 10− 6), and RP11-259G18.2 (ENSG00000262500.1; PSMR = 2.91 × 10− 6) were the top three genes using the GTEx eQTL data. LRRC37A4 (ILMN_23936933; PSMR = 1.19 × 10− 5), MGC57346 (ILMN_1784428; PSMR =1.19 × 10− 5) and RNF167 (ILMN_1794726; PSMR = 1.53 × 10− 5) were the top three genes using the CAGE eQTL data. Except for ABO and SGTB, most of the identified genes showing significantly pleiotropic association with IOP were in or adjacent to 17q21.31.Conclusion: We identified several genes pleiotropically associated with IOP. Our results indicated that the 17q21.31 region might play a critical role in the regulation of IOP.
Photo-tailored heterocrystalline covalent organic framework membranes for organics separation
Authors: Yuan Jinqiu , You Xinda , Khan Niaz Ali , Li Runlai , Zhang Runnan , Shen Jianliang , Cao Li , Long Mengying , Liu Yanan , Xu Zijian , Wu Hong , Jiang Zhongyi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Organics separation for purifying and recycling environment-detrimental solvents is essential to sustainable chemical industries. Covalent organic framework (COF) membranes hold great promise in affording precise and fast organics separation. Nonetheless, how to well coordinate facile processing—high crystalline structure—high separation performance remains a critical issue and a grand challenging. Herein, we propose a concept of heterocrystalline membrane which comprises high-crystalline regions and low-crystalline regions. The heterocrystalline COF membranes are fabricated by a two-step procedure, i.e., dark reaction for the construction of high-crystalline regions followed by photo reaction for the construction of low-crystalline regions, thus linking the high-crystalline regions tightly and flexibly, blocking the defect in high-crystalline regions. Accordingly, the COF membrane exhibits sharp molecular sieving properties with unprecedented organic solvent permeance up to 44-times higher than the state-of-the-art membranes.