bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between serum netrin-1 levels and early neurological deterioration after acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Chen Zhuo , Cao Tianli , Zhong Xingju , Wu Yong , Fu Wei , Fan Chaoli , Jiang Yu , Zhou Qi , Peng Jie , Liao Jieyu , You Zhike , Yi Xin , Tan Jingyu 
Published: August 2022

Background and purposesExperimental studies demonstrated that netrin-1 (NT-1) has anti-inflammatory, tissue regeneration, and immune modulation properties. We aimed to discern the utility of NT-1 as a biomarker for assessing the risk of early neurological deterioration (END) after ischemic stroke.MethodsThis was a prospective study enrolling ischemic stroke patients with symptoms onset &lt;24 h. Serum NT-1 concentrations were measured at admission. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale increased by ≥2 points and ≥4 points during the first 72 h after admission and was defined as END2 and END4, respectively.ResultsThe study included 268 patients (146 men and 122 women) with a mean age of 63.0 ± 9.6 years. The median NT-1 concentrations were 466.4 pg/ml (interquartile range, 341.4–589.2 pg/ml). During the initial 72 h after admission, END2 was found in 83 (31.0%) patients, and END4 was observed in 48 (17.9%) subjects. After adjusted for potential confounders, multivariate analysis indicated that decreased NT-1 levels is an independent predictor for END2 [odds ratio (OR) 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.46–0.84, p &lt; 0.001) and END4 (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.36–0.76, p &lt; 0.001). Similar results were found when the NT-1 levels were analyzed as a categorical variable. Furthermore, restricted cubic spline analysis showed a linear association between NT-1 concentrations and the risk of END (END2, p = 0.006 for linearity; END4, p &lt; 0.001 for linearity).ConclusionsOur results suggest that decreased NT-1 levels were significantly associated with a higher risk of END after ischemic stroke.
Characterization of ex vivo and in vivo intraoperative neurosurgical confocal laser endomicroscopy imaging
Authors: Xu Yuan , Abramov Irakliy , Belykh Evgenii , Mignucci-Jiménez Giancarlo , Park Marian T. , Eschbacher Jennifer M. , Preul Mark C. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe new US Food and Drug Administration-cleared fluorescein sodium (FNa)-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) imaging system allows for intraoperative on-the-fly cellular level imaging. Two feasibility studies have been completed with intraoperative use of this CLE system in ex vivo and in vivo modalities. This study quantitatively compares the image quality and diagnostic performance of ex vivo and in vivo CLE imaging.MethodsImages acquired from two prospective CLE clinical studies, one ex vivo and one in vivo, were analyzed quantitatively. Two image quality parameters – brightness and contrast – were measured using Fiji software and compared between ex vivo and in vivo images for imaging timing from FNa dose and in glioma, meningioma, and intracranial metastatic tumor cases. The diagnostic performance of the two studies was compared.ResultsOverall, the in vivo images have higher brightness and contrast than the ex vivo images (p &lt; 0.001). A weak negative correlation exists between image quality and timing of imaging after FNa dose for the ex vivo images, but not the in vivo images. In vivo images have higher image quality than ex vivo images (p &lt; 0.001) in glioma, meningioma, and intracranial metastatic tumor cases. In vivo imaging yielded higher sensitivity and negative predictive value than ex vivo imaging.ConclusionsIn our setting, in vivo CLE optical biopsy outperforms ex vivo CLE by producing higher quality images and less image deterioration, leading to better diagnostic performance. These results support the in vivo modality as the modality of choice for intraoperative CLE imaging.
Early developmental milestones in patients with idiopathic clubfoot treated by Ponseti method
Authors: Pavone Vito , Sapienza Marco , Vescio Andrea , Caldaci Alessia , McCracken Kathryn Louise , Canavese Federico , Testa Gianluca 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundIdiopathic clubfoot, also referred to as congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV), is one of the most common lower limb deformities observed in newborns, leading to significant functional impairment if untreated. The aims of this study were to (1) assess the developmental milestones in patients with CTEV treated by the Ponseti technique, and to compare them to the unaffected controls; (2) evaluate the possible correlation between developmental milestones, severity of the deformity, and number of casts.Materials and methodsSeventy-nine subjects were divided into two groups, CTEV group (43 patients; 72 feet) and control group (36 patients). Age, sex, affected side, attainment of babbles (BAL), independent gait (IG), and combined word (CW) were recorded for all patients. In patients with CTEV, Pirani Score (PRS), number of casts (NC), and clinical outcome were collected according to the Clubfoot Assessment Protocol (CAP), The American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score (AOFAS), and Foot and Ankle Disability Index (FADI).ResultsIG was achieved later later than the unaffected controls by 12/43 patients (27.9%) with CTEV and 3/36 patients in the control group (8.3%) (p = 0.04) and in a mean time of 16.8 ± 3.5 months and 13.2 ± 2.7 months, respectively (p = 0.001). In the CTEV group the mean value of CAP was 98.6 ± 4.7, of AOFAS of 98.4 ± 4.4 and of FADI equal to 99.9 ± 0.44. There were no statistically significant differences for BAL and CW; and no correlation with PRS, NC, or clinical score were identified.ConclusionCTEV patients managed by the Ponseti technique achieve independent gait later than the unaffected controls, although they do so within the age limit of developmental. On the other hand, the Ponseti treatment has no impact on attainment of language development.
Autism Symptoms in Children and Young Adults With Fragile X Syndrome, Angelman Syndrome, Tuberous Sclerosis Complex, and Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Cross-Syndrome Comparison
Authors: Lubbers Kyra , Stijl Eefje M. , Dierckx Bram , Hagenaar Doesjka A. , ten Hoopen Leontine W. , Legerstee Jeroen S. , de Nijs Pieter F. A. , Rietman André B. , Greaves-Lord Kirstin , Hillegers Manon H. J. , Dieleman Gwendolyn C. , Mous Sabine E. ,   ENCORE Expertise Center
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains unclear, due to genetic heterogeneity and heterogeneity in symptoms across individuals. This study compares ASD symptomatology between monogenetic syndromes with a high ASD prevalence, in order to reveal syndrome specific vulnerabilities and to clarify how genetic variations affect ASD symptom presentation.MethodsWe assessed ASD symptom severity in children and young adults (aged 0-28 years) with Fragile X Syndrome (FXS, n = 60), Angelman Syndrome (AS, n = 91), Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1, n = 279) and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC, n = 110), using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule and Social Responsiveness Scale. Assessments were part of routine clinical care at the ENCORE expertise center in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. First, we compared the syndrome groups on the ASD classification prevalence and ASD severity scores. Then, we compared individuals in our syndrome groups with an ASD classification to a non-syndromic ASD group (nsASD, n = 335), on both ASD severity scores and ASD symptom profiles. Severity scores were compared using MANCOVAs with IQ and gender as covariates.ResultsOverall, ASD severity scores were highest for the FXS group and lowest for the NF1 group. Compared to nsASD, individuals with an ASD classification in our syndrome groups showed less problems on the instruments' social domains. We found a relative strength in the AS group on the social cognition, communication and motivation domains and a relative challenge in creativity; a relative strength of the NF1 group on the restricted interests and repetitive behavior scale; and a relative challenge in the FXS and TSC groups on the restricted interests and repetitive behavior domain.ConclusionThe syndrome-specific strengths and challenges we found provide a frame of reference to evaluate an individual's symptoms relative to the larger syndromic population and to guide treatment decisions. Our findings support the need for personalized care and a dimensional, symptom-based diagnostic approach, in contrast to a dichotomous ASD diagnosis used as a prerequisite for access to healthcare services. Similarities in ASD symptom profiles between AS and FXS, and between NF1 and TSC may reflect similarities in their neurobiology. Deep phenotyping studies are required to link neurobiological markers to ASD symptomatology.
The Southern Hemisphere Blocking Index Revisited
Authors: Yuchechen Adrián E. , Lakkis S. Gabriela , Canziani Pablo O. 
Published: August 2022

An updated climatology for the occurrence of blockings in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) using daily reanalysis data from 1948–2021 is presented. Geopotential height (z) at 500 hPa was the working variable. The blocking index (BI) was defined for every 2.5° of longitude whenever z(35° S)−z(50° S)<0. The results were organized in longitudinal bands of a width of 10° in order to compare them with previous findings. The primary region for the occurrence of blockings was located around the date line, with a secondary region in southern South America (SSA) and its vicinities, with a third-rank region situated in southern Africa and its surroundings. The results were also stratified by the intensity and duration (persistence) of the events, and the annual and seasonal differences were discussed. Additionally, three different areas were defined to study the distribution of the blockings therein, with the Pacific region (110° E–80° W) having the maximum intensities and longest durations. Linear trends were estimated for the annual and the seasonal time series of the BI and for the number of episodes. On an annual basis, more frequent and the strongest events are expected at 180° E and their surroundings in the future. An alternative BI, using radiosonde data, was built for SSA at 58.50° W. The time evolution of this index was in general agreement with the one estimated from the reanalysis data at some longitudes.
Effects of Five Filamentous Fungi Used in Food Processes on In Vitro and In Vivo Gut Inflammation
Authors: Poirier Maxime , Hugot Cindy , Spatz Madeleine , Da Costa Gregory , Lapiere Alexia , Michaudel Chloé , Danne Camille , Martin Valérie , Langella Philippe , Michel Marie-Laure , Sokol Harry , Boyaval Patrick , Richard Mathias L. 
Published: August 2022

Food processes use different microorganisms, from bacteria to fungi. Yeast strains have been extensively studied, especially Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, to date, very little is known about the potential beneficial effects of molds on gut health as part of gut microbiota. We undertook a comprehensive characterization of five mold strains, Penicillium camemberti, P. nalgiovense, P. roqueforti, Fusarium domesticum, and Geotrichum candidum used in food processes, on their ability to trigger or protect intestinal inflammation using in vitro human cell models and in vivo susceptibility to sodium dextran sulfate-induced colitis. Comparison of spore adhesion to epithelial cells showed a very wide disparity in results, with F. domesticum and P. roqueforti being the two extremes, with almost no adhesion and 20% adhesion, respectively. Interaction with human immune cells showed mild pro-inflammatory properties of all Penicillium strains and no effect of the others. However, the potential anti-inflammatory abilities detected for G. candidum in vitro were not confirmed in vivo after oral gavage to mice before and during induced colitis. According to the different series of experiments carried out in this study, the impact of the spores of these molds used in food production is limited, with no specific beneficial or harmful effect on the gut.
Wireless LC Conformal Temperature Sensor Based on Ag Film (9912-K FL) for Bearing Temperature Measurement
Authors: Li Chen , Feng Qiyun , Hong Yingping , Gao Lixia , Guo Ximing , Xue Wenzhi , Xiong Jijun 
Published: August 2022

As the key component of aero-engines and industrial gas turbines, a bearing’s working temperature at high speed is close to 300 ℃. The measurement of an engine bearing’s temperature is of great significance to ensure flight safety. In this study, we present a wireless LC conformal temperature sensor for bearing temperatures, which integrates silver on the bearing surface in situ through a screen-printing process. This process makes Ag film (9912-K FL) firmly adhere to the bearing surface and realizes wireless measurements for bearing temperatures in situ. A high-temperature holding experiment of the prepared sensor was conducted, and the results showed that the sensor can work stably for 10 h at 300 ℃. We tested the designed wireless LC conformal temperature sensor at 20–270 ℃. The results showed that the proposed temperature sensor attained as good accuracy and stability in the temperature range 20–270 ℃. The sensitivity of the temperature measurements was 20.81 KHz/℃ when the bearing rotateds, the maximum repeatability was 0.039%, the maximum uncertainty was 0.081%, and the relative error was stable within 0.08%.
Expression Analysis of BIRC3 as One Target Gene of Transcription Factor NF-κB for Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Luo Qiulan , Zhu Hui , Li Yun , Wu Qinghan , Sun Junjun , Zhou Fei 
Published: August 2022

Esophageal cancer (ESCA) is one of the highest lethal malignancy tumors worldwide. Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 3 (BIRC3) is the main inhibitor of apoptosis in many malignancies. The aim of this study was to clarify how BIRC3 acts in ESCA cells. Through TNMplot and GEPIA2 analysis, BIRC3 was found abundantly expressed in ESCA cells. The quantitative RT-PCR assay confirmed BIRC3 was pronouncedly induced in all used ESCA cell lines. In addition, proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-1β were shown to have promotion effects on BIRC3 expression in ESCA cells. These promotive effects were blocked when the function of NF-κB was inhibited by bay 11-7082, which indicates the expression of the BIRC3 gene was regulated via the NF-κB transcription pathway in ESCA. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis showed that the BIRC3 gene had many NF-κB binding cis-elements. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was then performed and it was found that NF-κB directly interacts with cis-elements of the BIRC3 gene. In conclusion, our data proved that the high expression level of BIRC3 maintained the survival of ESCA cells. BIRC3 was up-regulated by proinflammatory cytokine TNFα and IL-1β through the NF-κB signaling pathway, and this may be helpful for esophageal cancer prevention and therapy.
الضبط الإداري لأعمال الحماية الإدارية في العراق
Authors: عزيز زينب , مرزة وليد 
Published: August 2022

يتطرق هذا البحث إلى أعمال الحماية الإدارية وهي منوطا بسلطة الضبط الإداري, والأخير له علاقة مباشرة بالحريات العامة, إذ أن صيانة النظام العام من مختلف الكوارث والأضرار تقتضي في العادة فرض قيود عليها
وفي مجال حماية السكان والممتلكات تضطر الإدارة إلى وضع قيود على بعض الحريات العامة على وجه الخصوص, وذلك إن الحماية الإدارية تهدف إلى حماية آمن المواطنين من المخاطر وسلامة ممتلكاتهم, والوقاية من المخلفات الضارة التي يمكن أن تنشا عن ممارستها, وقد تبين لنا أن إدارة الحماية الإدارية تتخذ مجموعة من التدابير للحد من الكوارث والأضرار, فتعمل على تنظيم العمل ووضع الضوابط يكون الهدف منها حماية السكان والممتلكات.
وتناولنا موضع الضبط الإداري لأعمال الحماية الإدارية في العراق في مبحثين, فأفردنا المبحث الأول لتعريف الحماية الإدارية وموضوعه, أما المبحث الثاني فدرسنا فيه تعريف الضبط الإداري وأغراضه ووسائل الحماية الإدارية .
وقد توصلنا إلى جملة من النتائج والتوصيات التي نأمل أن يتم الأخذ بها عند ممارسة الإدارة لسلطات الضبط الإداري لحماية السكان وممتلكاتهم في العراق.
Pembuatan Pola Tulisan Tangan Melalui Webcam Dengan Metode L*a*b* Color Space
Authors: Sahwari Sahwari , Jasuli Untung 
Published: August 2022

Kemajuan teknologi membuat sebuah perangkat komputer memiliki kemampuan yang tinggi untuk meningkatkan kinerja dalam pengolahan data menjadi informasi. Salah satu hal yang dapat dilakukan adalah memanfaatkan teknologi tersebut untuk memasukkan data kedalam komputer. Banyak sekali teknik yang dapat memudahkan pengguna untuk memasukkan data ke dalam komputer salah satunya adalah menggunakan webcam untuk pengambilan gambar yang selanjutnya bisa diproses atau disimpan dalam komputer. Tidak menutup kemungkinan bagi seorang pengguna yang awalnya melakukan pembuatan pola tulisan tangan menggunakan touch screen atau menggunakan mouse, sekarang menggunakan webcam sebagai alat input pembuatan pola tulisan tangan tersebut.
Untuk itulah perlu diadakan penelitian untuk membuktikan kemungkinan tersebut yaitu pengenalan pola dari isyarat yang diberikan pengguna melalui webcam dengan warna sebagai acuan untuk penulisan pola. Pola tersebut ditulis melalui webcam menggunakan acuan warna yang diklasifikasikan dengan metode L*a*b* color space berdasarkan karakteristik warna yang telah dipilih.
Dalam penelitian ini telah dihasilkan aplikasi yang mampu melakukan pembuatan pola tulisan tangan yang diisyaratkan melalui webcam berdasarkan warna sebagai acuan untuk melakukan pembuatan pola tulisan tangan.
Sistem Informasi Pelanggaran Siswa Bebasis SMS Gateway Menggunakan VB.net dan MySQL
Authors: Nur Azise  , Muhammad Ali Ridla  , Nina Sa’idah Fitriyah  , Ahmad Baihaqi  
Published: August 2022

SMK Negeri 1 Situbondo adalah salah satu sekolah menengah kejuruan yang ada di kabupaten Situbondo. SMK Negeri 1 Situbondo memiliki beberapa jurusan dan tentunya juga mempunyai banyak siswa, dengan banyaknya siswa tersebut, tidak menutup kemungkinan untuk terjadi banyak pelanggaran kedisiplinan yang dilakukan oleh siswa di SMK Negeri 1 Situbondo tersebut. Seiring dengan banyak siswa yang melakukan, pencatatan semua pelanggaran dan absensi tersebut masih menggunakan cara yang manual yaitu dicatat di buku Commulatif Record dan jurnal absensi kelas yang berisi data-data pelanggaran siswa dan data absensi siswa di setiap kelasnya, sehingga dibutuhkan Sistem Informasi Pelanggaran Siswa yang bisa membantu pekerjaan petugas TU dan BK. Setiap hari petugas TU dan BK disibukkan dengan mencatat data absensi dan pelanggaran siswa. Setiap terjadi pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh siswa petugas merasa kebingungan. Jadi, dengan adanya Sistem Informasi Pelanggaran Siswa pekerjaan petugas lebih efektif dan efisien.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Izin Bepergian Harian Santri Putra Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Syafiiyah Sukorejo
Authors: Santoso Firman , Zubairi Ach. , Nastain Mohammad 
Published: August 2022

Pembuatan SPK dan penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh susahnya santri dalam melakukan izin harian di pondok pesantren salafiyah syafiiyah sukorejo situbondo. Dimana Ketika santri akan melakukan izin, mereka harus meminta tanda tangan dari kasubag asrama kemudian ditukarkan dengan surat izin di kantor perizinan putra. Izin harian santri ini di berikan oleh petugas perizinan dengan proses manual sehingga sering terjadi perbedaan pemberian izin antara petugas perizinan yang berakibat tidak tepatnya pemberian izin kepada santri.
Dalam penelitian ini timbul beberapa permasalahan yaitu bagaimanakah cara membuat Sistem Pembantu Keputusan (SPK) yang mampu memberikan pertimbangan dan acuan dalam pemberian izin santri sehingga memudahkan santri dalam melakukan izin harian,serta mencari solusi keterlambatan izin santri.
Dalam penelitian ini metode yang digunakan merupakan salah satu metode dari Data mining yaitu Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) dengan Laplace correction (LC) untuk memprediksi keterlambatan izin santri berdasarkan data yang sudah ada dimasa lalu dan di buat dengan bahsa pemrograman PHP & MYSQL.
Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah mempermudah santri dalam melakukan izin, mengurangi terjadinya human error dalam memberikan proses izin serta memprediksi keterlambatan izin santri menggunakan SPK yang dibangun menggunakan Algoritma NBC dengan LC sehingga memberikan akurasi yang tepat dan menjadi acuan dalam memberikan proses izin
Jenis dan jumlah hasil tangkapan ikan pelagis kecil di Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe
Authors: Saselah Masia Eirene , Manu Lusia 
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe dengan tujuan mengetahui jenis ikan dan jumlah hasil tangkapan periode tahun 2016 – 2020. Metode deskriptif digunakan dengan pengambilan data melalui survei dan wawancara. Jenis ikan pelagis kecil yang tertangkap adalah selar (Selaroides leptolepis), teri (Stolephorus commersoni), lemuru (Sardinella lemuru), kembung ( Rastrelliger faughni), layang (Decapterus russelli), tembang (Sardinella gibbosa), kuwe (Carangoides armatus), ikan terbang (Cypselurus opisthopus), sunglir (Elagatis bipinnulata) dan julung-julung (Hemiramphus far). Ikan yang dominan tertangkap adalah layang. Produksi ikan menunjukan peningkatan dari tahun 2016 sampai tahun 2019 dan mengalami sedikit penurunan (604.811 ton) di tahun 2020. Hasil tangkapan ikan terbanyak di tahun 2019 dengan jumlah 8.363,46 ton dan yang terendah di tahun 2016 sebanyak 4950,26 ton.
مهارة صياغة الأسئلة الإبداعية عند مدرسي مادة اللغة العربية للمرحلة الاعدادية
Authors: M.D. Noureddine Haider Falih  
Published: August 2022

يرمي هذا البحث تعرّف مدى امتلاك مدرسي اللغة العربية (مهارة صياغة الأسئلة الإبداعية عند مدرسي مادة اللغة العربية للمرحلة الإعدادية) . ويتحدد هذا البحث بمدرسي ومدرسات اللغة العربية في المدارس الإعدادية النهارية في محافظة بغداد، واختار الباحث مديرية تربية بغداد الرصافة الثالثة قصدياً. بلغ عدد مدرسي اللغة العربية (190) مُدرساً ومُدرسة للعام الدراسيّ(2020/2021) اختيرت عينّة عشوائية مكونة من(57) مُدرساً ومُدرسة وبنسبة (30٪).
كانت أداة البحث بطاقة ملاحظة في مجال صياغة الأسئلة تتكون من(24) فقرة على أساس ثلاثة بدائل لمستوى الأداء(عالٍ ومتوسط وضعيف).
أظهرت النتائج أنَّ مدرسي ومدرسات اللغة العربية لا يملكون مهارة صياغة الأسئلة الإبداعية في مادة اللغة العربية وقد أوصى الباحث بما يأتي :.
1ـــ ضرورة تدريب مدرسي اللغة العربية ومدرساتها على كيفية صياغة الأسئلة بأنواعها وتصنيفاتها المختلفة .
2ـــ مراعاة الفروق الفردية عند الطلبة في صياغة الأسئلة .
واستكمالاً لإجراءات البحث اقترح الباحث ما يأتي :.
1ـــ إجراء دراسة مماثلة لهذا البحث لمدرسي مواد دراسيّة أُخرى .
2ـــ إجراء دراسة مماثلة لهذا البحث لمراحل دراسيّة أُخرى .
Penyembuhan Luka Ruptur Perineum Spontan pada Ibu Nifas
Authors: Pratiwi Iva Gamar Dian , Amanah Yahdiyatul 
Published: August 2022

Ruptur perineum adalah kondisi terputus pada jaringan perineum,kejadian ini biasanya terjadi pada pertama ataupun persalinan selanjutnya, jika tidak tertangani dengan tepat maka berdampak pada infeksi dan perdarahan yang menyebabkan kematian ibu. Penyebab terbanyak dari perdarahan adalah rupture perineum sehingga menimbulkan infeksi, maka diperlukan peningkatan mutu dari pelayanan kesehatan untuk mencegah kejadian tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran ruptur perineum spontan pada ibu nifas di BPS “H”. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Deskriptif. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Semua ibu nifas Primipara di BPM "H" tahun 2020 sebanyak 22 orang. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar ibu nifas memiliki personal hygiene yang kurang yaitu sebanyak 64%. Umur ibu banyak yang 20-24 tahun, pendidikan banyak yang SD, dan pekerjaan ibu banyak yang tidak bekerja/IRT.Sedangkan dari hasil penelitian pantang makan menunjukkan bahwa hampir seluruh ibu nifas melakukan pantang makan dalam penyembuhan ruptur perineum spontan yaitu sebanyak 77%, Ibu nifas banyak yang masihmelakukan pantang makan ikan laut, daging, sayur dan telur, karena larangan / tradisi dari orang tuanya. Makanan tersebutdianggap dapat menyebabkan darah nifas berbau amis, luka berair dan tidak cepat sembuh. Dari hasil penelitian istirahat/tidur menunjukkan bahwa setengahnya ibu nifas memiliki istirahat/tidur yang cukup dalam penyembuhan ruptur perineum spontanyaitu sebanyak 50%. Salah satu upaya dalam penyembuhan ruptur perineum spontan yaitu ibu nifas harus mengubah gaya hidup terutama pada pola makan, personal hygiene, dan memenuhi kebutuhan istirahat/tidur.