bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inheritance and Morphology of Two Dwarf Mutants in Watermelon1
Authors: Liu Peter B. W. , Loy J. B. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
An inheritance study of 2 dwarf mutants in watermelon showed that dwarfness in each form is due to single, non-allelic, recessive genes designated dw-1 and dw-2. Dwarfness in dw-1 and dw-2 plants was primarily attributed to reduced length of internodes, but there was also some reduction in the number of internodes in the dwarfs compared to the normal plants. The shorter internodes in dw-1 dwarfs were due to both fewer and shorter cells than in the internodes of vine forms. In the dw-2 dwarf most of the reduction in internode length was due to fewer cells.
Propagation of Magnolia Grandiflora (L.) Cuttings as Related to Age and Growth Regulators1
Authors: Perry Fred B. , Vines H. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Southern Magnolia, Magnolia grandiflora (L.), cuttings are difficult or impossible to root without growth regulators. Age of parent plant, terminal or lateral source of wood and specific growth regulators are factors in rootability.
The best growth regulator and concn was 2.0% IBA followed in decreasing effectiveness by 0.8% IBA, 0.1% Chloromone, 10 ppm 2,4-D, and 20 ppm 2,4-D. Young tissue produced a higher percentage of rooted cuttings than old tissue at all growth regulator concn tried. Also in young tissue, terminal shoots produced a higher percentage rooted cuttings than lateral shoots, while in old tissue the opposite was true.
Brussels Sprouts Growth and Yields as Influenced by Succinic Acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide1
Authors: Tompkins D. R. , Norton R. A. , Woodbridge C. G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
‘Jade Cross’ Brussels sprouts plants treated once with a foliar spray of 3000-4500 ppm succinic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide (SADH) when the first 5-6 sprouts were 1.9 cm in diam were shorter, more uniform, and had yields equal to untreated plants. Treated plants, were about the same ht and yielded as well as plants where the terminal bud was removed (topped) by hand. Earlier maturity was obtained by treating plants with SADH at an earlier stage, but yields per plant were reduced. These sprouts, however, had higher levels of Ca and, generally, higher levels of Mn. Plants treated with 4500 ppm SADH, early or late, had medium size sprouts that were firmer than sprouts of the same size from untreated or topped plants.
Resistance to Drosophila Oviposition in Field Plots of Two Tomato Breeding Lines1
Authors: Stoner Allan K. , Mason Horatio C. , Otto Brian E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Two tomato breeding lines were shown to differ significantly in resistance to Drosophila in field tests. Over a 6-week period approx 18% more Drosophila were trapped in field plots containing plants of line 68B136 than in those containing 68B8. The field results were corroborated by laboratory tests on ripe fruits which indicated that 68B136 was more attractive for oviposition than 68B8.
Effects of Clip vs. Snap Harvest of Avocados on Ripening and Weight Loss1
Authors: Eaks Irving L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Avocado fruits of cvs. Bacon, Fuerte, Hass, and Zutano were harvested by clipping (stem in) or snapping (stem removed) and placed directly at 20°C. The 2 harvest methods showed no significant differences within each cultivar in the percentage wt loss or ripening rate. Clipped and snapped ‘Fuerte’ avocados stored at 5°C for 2, 3, or 4 weeks and transferred to 20°C showed similar rates of wt loss, ripening and respiration for the respective storage periods. Storage at 5°C tended to reduce the rate of ripening at 20°C. The respiratory patterns at 20°C for snapped and clipped ‘Fuerte’ placed directly at 20°C or held at 5°C for 2, 3, or 4 weeks were similar within each storage treatment. ‘Fuerte’ stored at 5°C displayed peak respiration rates 18 to 24 hr after transfer to 20°C and then a decreasing rate without a subsequent rise associated with ripening.
Effects of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Fertilization of Roses on Oldsmar Fine Sand1
Authors: Young T. W. , Snyder G. H. , Martin F. G. , Hayslip N. C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
‘Christian Dior’ and ‘Happiness’ roses on Rosa fortuniana stock, fertilized with 3 rates each of N, P, and K factorially combined, were grown for 3 years at Ft. Pierce, Florida. All fertilizer was applied at the beginning of the experiment under plastic mulch just before the bushes were planted. About 2300 lb./A of N on ‘Christian Dior’ and 2100 lb. on ‘Happiness’ produced the greatest number of flowers. Leaf N at 18 months was also maximized by 2100 lb. N. Nitrogen levels maximizing stem lengths were slightly lower. The independent effects of P were minor and low levels best, perhaps because residual soil P at start of the study was adequate. Flower production decreased with K fertilization beyond low rates, whereas stem lengths increased to a max at about 1700 lb./A. At times, various nutrient interactions were noted. ‘Christian Dior’ consistently yielded more flowers than ‘Happiness’. With minor exceptions, ‘Happiness’ had longer stems.
Iron Induced Manganese Deficiency in ‘July Elberta’ Peach Trees1
Authors: Rogers Ewell 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Sodium ferric ethylenediamine di-(o-hydroxphenylacetate) at 113.4 g per tree depressed the concn of Mn, Zn, P, K, and N in ‘July Elberta’ peach leaves and reduced Fe chlorosis. At 226.8 g, the chelate increased the concn of Fe; depressed the concn of Mn, Zn, and K; and reduced Fe chlorosis in the leaves. The Mn-Fe ratio remained essentially the same in the leaves as the season progressed where no fertilizer was applied; whereas, the 226.8 g rate of FeNa2-EDDHA reduced the ratio. There were no discernable treatment effects on trunk and shoot growth.
Tolerance to Melon Aphid in Cucumis melo L.1
Authors: Bohn G. W. , Kishaba A. N. , Principe J. A. , Toba H. H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Resistance to the western biotypes of Aphis gossypii Glover in Cucumis melo L. breeding line LJ 90234 (inbred of P.I. 371395 from India) included tolerance expressed as freedom from curling of leaves following aphid infestation. The flat and curled phenotypes in progenies from a cross of this line with cv. PMR 45 were differentiated by a single gene, melon aphid tolerance (Ag, Aphis gossypii tolerance) with flat leaves dominant. Tolerance expressed as nearly normal ht of F1 and some F2 plants following mass infestation appeared to be less simply inherited. Its measurement was masked by inherent variation in growth rate and environmental factors including variation in insect attack.
LJ 90230, selected from P.I. 161375 from Korea, was stunted by the aphid but its leaves remained free from curl. F2 hybrids from the cross 90234 × 90230 were free from curl but they varied in stunting after aphid attack. Single-peaked distribution curves for ht suggested complex inheritance of tolerance. LJ 90254, selected from P.I. 255478 from Korea, possessed tolerance to aphids expressed as freedom from stunting and curling. F2 plants from the cross 90234 × 90254 were free from curl but varied in ht after aphid attack. The single-peaked distribution curves suggested complex inheritance of tolerance.
Relationship of a Non-Lethal Reaction to a Virulent Isolate of Lettuce Mosaic Virus and Turnip Mosaic Susceptibility in Lettuce1
Authors: Zink F. W. , Duffus James E. , Kimble K. A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A mosaic disease of Lactuca sativa L. is described and the causal agent identified as a new virulent isolate of lettuce mosaic virus (LMV). The reservoir of infection was bristly oxtongue, Picris echioides L. Lactuca sativa L. cvs. Gallega, Calmar, Imperial 410, and Bibb systemically infected with virulent LMV did not transmit the virus through the seed. A survey of L. sativa cultivars indicated that the non-lethal reaction to the virulent isolate was restricted in the crisphead type to cultivars that are turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) susceptible, and downy mildew-resistant. A similar relationship was found in L. serriola lines. The non-lethal reaction was conferred by dominant complementary genes. ‘Gallega’, reported to be resistant to common LMV, was found to be susceptible to systemic infection by the virulent LMV isolate.
Inheritance and Linkage of Turnip Mosaic Virus and Downy Mildew (Bremia lactucae) Reaction in Lactuca serriola1
Authors: Zink F. W. , Duffus James E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Data for resistance in Lactuca serriola L. to turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) and downy mildew were obtained from 5 F2 progenies of crosses between TuMV-susceptible, mildew-resistant, and TuMV-resistant, mildew-susceptible parents. The F1 progeny were TuMV and mildew-resistant. Of 1,103 F2 plants assayed 823 were TuMV-resistant and 280 TuMV-susceptible. A total of 834 mildew-resistant plants were observed, and 269 mildew-susceptible. Resistance to TuMV and mildew are each controlled by a single dominant allele, designated Tu and Dm, respectively. The TuMV gene, Tu tu, is linked with the mildew gene, Dm dm. In the repulsion phase, the crossover value was 12.0% ± 2.9. F2 progenies of crosses between TuMV-susceptible, mildew-resistant L. serriola and TuMV-susceptible, mildew-resistant L. sativa cv. ‘Calmar’ or ‘Imperial 410’, and crosses among cv. ‘Calmar’, ‘Imperial 410’, and ‘E-4’, indicated they possessed the same dominant allele for mildew-resistance, and the same recessive allele for TuMV-susceptibility.
Pecan Nutlet Set and Carbohydrate Level of Various Tissues in the Spring as Affected by Fungicide Sprays1
Authors: Worley Ray E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Fentin hydroxide and benomyl increased nutlet set in 1969 but not in 1970. Fungicide sprays had little effect on starch content of wood tissue in late March of the year following application. Starch and sugar content of 6 wood tissues in March and nutlet set was not associated with leaf scorch index the previous fall. Starch content of wood tissues in late March ranked as follows from greatest to least: Roots > 2.5 cm diam, trunk, scaffold limbs, new wood, 1-year-old wood, and roots < 1.3 cm diam. Soluble sugar content ranked: Roots < 1.3 cm diam, 1-year-old wood, new wood, roots > 2.5 cm diam, trunk, and scaffold limbs.
Characterization of Anthocyanins During Ripening of Fruit of Vaccinium corymbosum, L. Cv. Wolcott1
Authors: Makus Donald J. , Ballinger Walter E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Anthocyanins (Acy) in ripening blueberry fruit of the cv. Wolcott were identified and their amounts estimated spectrophotometrically. Fifteen Acy, all combinations of Mv, Pt, Pn, Dp, and Cy with glu, gal, or arab4 in the 3-position were found in unripe, red fruit. Ripe and overripe fruit contained all these Acy except Pn-gal. Cy-glu and Cy-gal comprised about 40% of the total Acy in unripe fruit, while Mv-glu and Mv-gal constituted about 60% in the overripe fruit. The relative proportions of 3-glucosides, 3-galactosides, and 3-arabinosides remained fairly constant throughout fruit ripening.
Levels and Sites of Metabolically Active Calcium in Apple Fruit1
Authors: Faust Miklos , Klein Joshua D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Detectable calcium accumulation of the tissue started at 10−3M of the bathing solution and increased with increasing concentrations thereafter. Calcium solutions of 10−3 to 10−1M were effective in inducing metabolic changes in tissue: they decreased respiration and increased protein synthesis. Much of the accumulated Ca (90%) could be exchanged from the tissue with Mg without changing the metabolic effect of the Ca. Although high concentration of Ca was needed to move metabolically active Ca into the site of its action, most of the Ca accumulated on exchange sites was metabolically inactive.
Movement of 14C in Cut Roses and Carnations After Uptake of 14C-Sucrose
Authors: Sacalis John N. , Durkin Dominic 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the paper by John N. Sacalis and Dominic Durkin, J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 97(4):481-484, 1972, an erroneous list of numbers was given in Table 3 (on page 484) to represent radioactivity in c.p.m. The corrected Table appears below, and can be clipped and pasted over Table 3 in Vol. 97(4):484.
Nitrate Accumulation in Spinach as Influenced by Leaf Type1
Authors: Maynard Donald N. , Barker Allen V. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Spinach, Spinacia oleracea, L., cv. America, Heavy Pack, and Hybrid 424 were grown in sand culture with variable NO3 concentrations from 0.187 to 48 meq/l. The cultivars were representative of savoyed, semisavoyed, and smooth-leaf types, respectively. The plants were harvested when those cultured at 12 and 18 meq NO3/l had obtained approximate market maturity. At this time an array of deficiency, sufficiency, and toxicity symptoms were evident. Great differences in NO3 accumulation and critical NO3 concentrations occurred among cultivars. Critical NO3-N concentrations for the whole leaves of spinach plants were: ‘America’, 0.17%, ‘Heavy Pack’, 0.15%, and ‘Hybrid 424’, 0.045% of their dry weights. Calculations relating spinach consumption and impaired human health suggest that adult health should not be affected even with massive ingestion of spinach.
Displacement of Fertilizer Potassium in Soil Columns with Gypsum1
Authors: Carlson R. M. , Buchanan J. R. , Kapustka T. E. , Uriu K. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The correction of K deficiency in fruit trees frequently has not been obtained due to failure of surface applications of fertilizer K to penetrate into root zones. The effectiveness of gypsum, as a displacing agent, to move K downward was studied using soil columns. Postassium applied at the surface accumulated in a shallow zone of K-rich soil. Increasing amounts of gypsum resulted in displacing the K to both a greater depth and a broader zone in the soil.
Indoleacetic Acid Metabolism in Cuttings of Plum (Prunus cerasifera × P. munsoniana cv. Marianna 2624)1
Authors: Ryugo Kay , Breen Patrick J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Treatment of ‘Marianna 2624’ plum cuttings for 7 days with 1-14C-IAA with or without a pretreatment with 4000 ppm indolebutyric acid (IBA) for 5 sec revealed that the synthetic hormone inhibited IAA oxidase activity as measured by the decreased rate of 14CO2 evolution. KOH hydrolysis of different radioactive zones on paper chromatograms derived from alcoholic extractives of cuttings yielded presumptive IAA upon re-chromatography. Likewise, KOH and peptidase treatment of the alcohol insoluble residue yielded a radioactive substance with chromatographic properties characteristic of IAA. The presence of presumptive IAA and ninhydrin-positive substances in the peptidase hydrolyzate indicate that IAA was bound to protein(s). Appreciable radioactivity still remained in the alcohol insoluble residue after protein hydrolysis.
Studies on Lettuce Seed Quality: I. Effect of Seed Size and Weight on Vigor
Authors: Smith O. E. , Welch N. C. , Little T. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the paper by O. E. Smith, N. C. Welch, and T. M. Little in J. Amer. Soc. Hort Sci. 98(6):529-533, November 1973, the following changes should be made on page 529, column 2, lines 28 and 35:

Line 28: change “transferred to a 1/15 M” to read “transferred to a 20-fold dilution of a 1/15 M”
Line 35: change “of the pH 7.0 phosphate” to read “of the pH 7.0 dilute phosphate”

If the buffer is used at 1/15 molar, the roots of the young plants will be injured due to the high osmotic strength of the buffer.
Effects of Nitrogen, Potassium, and Irrigation on Yield and Quality of Lemon1,2
Authors: Koo R. C. J. , Young T. W. , Reese R. L. , Kesterson J. W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Yields and quality were compared on young bearing ‘Bearss’ lemon (Citrus limon L.) trees grown with 3 rates of N and K and 2 levels of soil moisture over a 4-year period. Increased rates of N application increased fruit production, incidence of fruit with scab, and green fruit; and decreased acid content of juice. Potassium applications increased the acid content of juice. Irrigation increased fruit size and decreased the number of green fruit after curing. A leaf N content of 2.2 to 2.6% is suggested for optimum fruit production for ‘Bearss’ lemon under Florida conditions.
Influence of Calcium Concentration in Nutrient Solutions on Breakdown and Nutrient Uptake in ‘Spartan’ Apple1
Authors: Mason J. L. , McDougald J. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Apple trees, Malus domestica Bork., cv. Spartan, were grown in pots of quartz sand supplied with nutrient solutions and treated with 8, 4, 2 or 1 meq/1 Ca with all other nutrients constant. Fruit was stored and analyzed for 3 years. Twenty-five percent of the fruits from the 1 meq/1 Ca treatment developed senescent breadown of the flesh after storage but only 1% were affected from the 8 meq/1 Ca treatment. Three-year average Ca concentration in the fruit ranged from 131 ppm in the 1 meq/1 Ca treatment to 178 in the 8 meq/1 Ca treatment. Incidence of breakdown increased through the storage season from October until April when little further increase occurred through June. Magnesium and K concn in the fruit increased with decreasing Ca supply in the nutrient solution.
Relationships of Calcium Content to Respiration and Postharvest Condition of Apples1
Authors: Bramlage W. J. , Drake M. , Baker J. H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Postclimacteric respiration of apples (Malus pumila Mill. cv. Baldwin) decreased as peel Ca level increased from 400 to 1300 ppm. The respiratory climacteric occurred simultaneously in fruit of all Ca levels, indicating that maturation was unaffected by these Ca levels. Occurrence of bitter pit was inversely related to Ca levels. Scald, internal breakdown, and decay were more prevalent when peel Ca was below 700 ppm. Fruits were firmer after 5 months storage in 0°C air if Ca was below 700 ppm, although they were larger, yellower, and more susceptible to decay and other disorders than higher Ca fruit.
An Explanation for the Synergistic Interaction of Endothall and Ethephon on Foliar Abscission1
Authors: Sterrett J. P. , Leather G. R. , Tozer W. E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
To explain the synergistic interaction on abscission between 7-oxabicyclo(2,2,l)heptane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid (endothall) and (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon), absorption and translocation of foliarly-applied 14C-ethephon alone or together with endothall were determined with (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Red Kidney) plants using liquid scintillation, autoradiography, and gas chromatography. More l4C-ethephon remained in the treated leaf when applied in combination with endothall than when applied alone. These results suggest that the synergistic interaction between endothall and. ethephon can be attributed to transport inhibition thereby increasing the availability of ethylene for the abscission process.
Ultrastructural Changes in Peach Flower Buds During Rest1
Authors: Feng Yeh , Campbell W. F. , Walker D. R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Electron micrographs of ‘Gleason Elberta’ peach flower buds, Prunus persica (L.). Stobes, during rest indicated only moderate metabolic activity prior to December 20. In the December 27 collection, however, a single membrane-bound body (microbody or lysosome) and rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) were present. Also, the Golgi bodies (dictyosomes) were nearly mature. Heterochromatin disappeared on January 3. By the end of February the number of mitochondria, Golgi bodies, and vesicles had increased markedly. During the first week of March, large nucleopores were observed in the nucleus. These data indicated that bud cells were changing at cold temperatures during winter. Organellar changes were compared to the predicted date for end of rest (13).
Growth and Flowering of Cymbidium Buds Normally Inhibited by Apical Dominance1
Authors: Tran-Thanh-Van M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Lateral buds situated along the stem axis of a Cymbidium pseudobulb show a gradient in their degree of differentiation. It is shown that buds situated on the swollen upper part of the pseudobulb, normally inhibited in their growth and development by apical dominance, are capable of evolving either into floral shoots or into protocorms and vegetative shoots. A new method, both simple and rapid, of clonal multiplication of Cymbidium is described.
Differential Ability of Two Degenerative Sweet Corn Mutants to Stimulate Hybrid Vigor1
Authors: Lachman W. H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A novel procedure was used to test for single locus heterosis in a substantially isogenic background in corn, (Zea mays L.). It was determined that the rd gene and its rdPw allele do not contribute to single locus heterosis for plant height. To explain why C30 induces heterosis in F1 hybrids, while ‘Pee Wee’ is relatively impotent, a hypothesis is proposed to the effect that C30 evolved from P39 by the addition of a mutagenic and heterotic duplicated chromosomal segment when Rd mutated to rd. In turn, ‘Pee Wee’ developed with the loss of the segment at the time rd mutated to rdPw.
Stress Ethylene Production and the Respiration Rate, Internal Atmosphere, Early Growth, and Yield of Ipomoea batatas Plants1
Authors: Paterson D. R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The internal atmosphere extracted from the basal 6 inches of sweet potato plants held for one minute at 48°C in tap water was higher in ethylene (C2H4) and oxygen (O2) and lower in carbon dioxide (CO2) than similar samples from untreated plant material. This increase in endogenous C2H4 content of treated sweet potato slips was accompanied by increases in respiration rate, early growth and total root yield at harvest. C2H4 content, respiration rate, early growth and yield appeared to be essentially quadratic functions of treatment time at 48°C. Maximum values for the above parameters occurred after treatment for 1 to 2 minutes at 48°C.
Soil Oxygen and Phytophthora spp. Root Infestation Effects on the Protein and Free Amino Acids in Lemon and Orange Leaves1
Authors: Labanauskas C. K. , Stolzy L. H. , Handy M. F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Citrus leaves from plants supplied with low soil oxygen showed a decreased sum of protein amino acids, while the free amino acids sum increased. Leaves from Phytophthora spp. infested plants contained a higher free amino acids sum than uninfested. The orange leaves, Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck cv. Atwood navel, contained a higher sum of protein amino acids than lemon leaves, Citrus limon L. Burm. cv. Prior Lisbon, although both of these species were budded on sweet orange rootstock, Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck cv. Bessie. Leaves from the orange scion contained lower concn of glutamic acid, glycine, valine, isoleucine, and leucine, and higher aspartic acid and phenylalanine than the lemon leaves. The sum of the free amino acids in the orange leaves was higher than in lemon leaves. Significant interaction effects on free cystine, methionine, and tyrosine were caused by Phytophthora spp. infestation in the 2 species.
Freezing Patterns in Twigs of Evergreen Azalea1
Authors: Lumis G. P. , Mecklenburg R. A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
An electrophoretic mobility technique utilizing molecular probes was employed to study the freezing patterns in apical stems of 2 azalea cultivars, Rhododendron yedoense var. poukhanense (Levi.) Nakai (unnamed clone termed ‘Poukhanense’ herein for convenience) and R. × ‘Maryann’ [R. indicum × (R. yedoense var. poukhanense × kaempferi)]. Excised twigs were frozen at 2°C per hr during which current and voltage were measured, and tissue resistance was calculated. As freezing occurred there was a dramatic increase in tissue resistance, indicating that ice quickly filled the extracellular space. This rapid ice formation is a nonequilibrium process independent of temperature change once nucleation has begun. Injury due to the rapid formation of extracellular ice, at temperatures well below the freezing point, may be a factor influencing winter survival.