bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emulsification of waste cooking oil biodiesel blend with hydrogen peroxide to assess tailpipe emissions and performance of a compression ignition engine
Authors: Mohan Sooraj , Dinesha P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an excellent oxidant carrier that finds its use in combustion and fuel applications. In the present study, H2O2 (30% assay) is used as an emulsifier in waste cooking oil biodiesel blend (B20) and the emissions and performance in a compression ignition engine are assessed. Along with the neat B20, three blends of B20 with 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% H2O2 concentrations are used. Increasing the concentration of H2O2 beyond 1.5% resulted in vapor lock in the fuel pump leading to a loss in injection pressure. An increase in the exhaust gas temperature was recorded with the increase in H2O2 concentration due to improved fuel properties, like, cetane number, thermal conductivity, and microexplosions of fuel droplets. However, NOx emissions decreased mainly due to the presence of the hydroperoxyl group from H2O2. Analysis of variance was also carried out to assess the statistical significance of H2O2 on the responses and is seen that the maximum impact of H2O2 was positively influencing brake thermal efficiency (BTE), brake‐specific fuel consumption (BSFC), hydrocarbon (HC), and NOx. Compared with the B20 blend, H2O2 emulsified fuel with a concentration of 1.5% showed a substantial reduction of 53.7%, 28.6%, 14.2%, and 16.2% in the average emissions of CO, HC, smoke, and NOx, respectively. Similarly, 7.9% and 7.1% improvement in the BTE and BSFC is obtained. However, more studies are required to ascertain the NOx reduction mechanism and address issues of fuel vaporization at higher concentrations of H2O2.
Assessing the environmental impacts of organic and conventional mixed vegetable production based on the life cycle assessment approach
Authors: Temizyurek-Arslan Merve , Karacetin Evrim 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study aims to assess the environmental impacts and the energy efficiency of organic and conventional vegetable production in Palas Basin, Kayseri, Turkey. Three organic and three conventional farmers representing the vegetable production in the region participated in face-to-face questionnaires. Life cycle assessment (LCA) was implemented to assess the global warming potential (GWP), eutrophication potential (EP), acidification potential (AP), and energy use, which were selected as environmental impact potentials. Additionally, the environmental risk assessment was conducted to understand the impact of pesticide use in the region. Six farmers were investigated individually, and it was found that all of the farmers had a common cultivation calendar, but there were differences in the application. Particularly, mineral fertilizer use and irrigation were excessive in some agricultural practices. Although the use of N- and P-based mineral fertilizers was one of the main differences between organic and conventional farming, irrigation was a common practice. Irrigation, the most influential practice, elevated not only water consumption but also EP, AP, and GWP as a result of electricity consumption by electrical pumps. Electricity consumption from irrigation contributed to the GWP most, and this value was in the range of 45%–95%. Mineral fertilizer use covered up to 40% of the EP, 31% of the GWP, and 37% of the AP for conventional farmers. Three different scenarios were developed to reduce the environmental impacts of the use of excessive mineral fertilizer and irrigation. The developed scenarios recommended the reductions by 38%, 44%, 25%, and 60% in GWP, EP, AP, and total energy inputs, respectively. This study demonstrates that LCA is beneficial in determining the environmental impact of hotspots in vegetable production and allows the development of different solutions to mitigate environmental impacts for agricultural sustainability. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:1733–1746. © 2022 SETAC
KEY POINTS
The main difference between organic and conventional farming was determined as inorganic mineral fertilizers that mostly affected eutrophication potential and the indirect energy. Among all agricultural inputs, electricity was detected as an environmental impact hotspot contributing to the global warming potential from 45% to 95% and the direct energy up to 83.21% regardless of organic or conventional farming. It can be concluded that the prohibition of synthetic inputs for organic farming reduces environmental impacts and contributes to higher energy efficiency. The LCA approach used in the study could be used to determine the environmental impacts of mixed vegetable production and develop the different scenarios for reducing these environmental impacts by energy savings and less greenhouse gas emissions for environmental sustainability.
Predictive accuracy of admission cardiotocography as a screening tool for perinatal asphyxia in high‐risk parturients in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Abubakar Hanifah D. , Galadanci Hadiza S. , Farouk Zubaida L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the predictive accuracy of admission cardiotocography (CTG) as a screening test for perinatal asphyxia in high‐risk parturients.MethodsA prospective study was done on a group of 180 high‐risk parturients in the labor ward of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital were subjected to a 30‐min admission cardiotocography. Results were categorized based on the RCOG criteria. Those with normal results were allowed to progress in labor, while those with abnormal results had their delivery expedited. Umbilical artery blood gas analysis was done at delivery. Measured variables were expressed in descriptive statistics. Tests of association for categorical variables were done using the non–parametric chi‐square test (P‐value of ≤0.05). The Binary logistic regression model was used to control potential confounders.ResultsAfter excluding five cord blood samples, 175 samples were analyzed. The CTG was reassuring in 149 (85.1%), non‐reassuring in 15 (8.6%), and abnormal in 11 (6.3%) women. Fetal distress developed in 5 (3.4%) and 7 (46.7%) of reassuring and non‐reassuring groups, respectively. The test had 91% sensitivity, specificity was 68.8%, and the predictive accuracy was 88.6% for asphyxia using base deficit.ConclusionThe admission that cardiotocography is useful in detecting fetuses at risk of perinatal asphyxia in high‐risk deliveries.
Prior vertical uterine incision: Effect on subsequent pregnancy characteristics and outcomes
Authors: Sangara Rauvynne N. , Youssefzadeh Ariane C. , Mandelbaum Rachel S. , McCarthy Lauren E. , Matsuzaki Shinya , Matsushima Kazuhide , Kunze Mirjam , Klar Maximilian , Ouzounian Joseph G. , Matsuo Koji 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo examine characteristics and outcomes of cesarean delivery (CD) in women with a history of vertical hysterotomy.MethodThis is a comparative study that retrospectively queried the National Inpatient Sample from October 2016 to December 2018. Pregnancy characteristics and surgical outcomes of CD among 18 575 women with prior vertical uterine incision were compared to 1 072 949 women with prior low‐transverse incision, assessed by multivariable generalized estimating equation model and propensity score weighting.ResultsIn a multivariable analysis, women who had prior vertical uterine incision were more likely to have placenta percreta (odds ratio [OR] 3.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.87–6.20), pre‐labor uterine rupture (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.52–4.80), in‐labor uterine rupture (OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.55–3.51), and extreme preterm delivery <28 weeks (OR 17.8, 95% CI 15.2–20.7) in the current pregnancy, compared to those who had prior low‐transverse uterine incision. In a weighted model, prior vertical hysterotomy was associated with increased surgical morbidity in current CD compared to prior low‐transverse hysterotomy (10.6% vs. 4.8%, OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.81–2.26), including hemorrhage (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.74–2.27) and hysterectomy (OR 3.67, 95% CI 2.97–4.53).ConclusionPrior vertical uterine incision at CD was associated with increased risk of placenta percreta, uterine rupture, particularly before labor, and adverse outcomes in the subsequent pregnancy.
Clinical value of serum miR‐320‐3p expression in predicting the prognosis of sepsis‐induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Ji Jian , Luo Hong , Shi Jufen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundFor investigating the expression of miR‐320‐3p in children with sepsis‐induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and its prognostic value.MethodsA total of 142 patients were grouped into a survival group (n = 95) and death group (n = 47), which was based on their 28‐day survival. Serum degrees of miR‐320‐3p, neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipid carrier protein (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule‐1 (KIM‐1) were detected. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health scoring system Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) marks were recorded. Target gene forecast and functional enrichment discussion of miR‐320‐3p were performed, and a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network diagram was plotted by applying bioinformatics methods. Multivariate logistic regression, ROC curve and Pearson correlation analysis were applied.ResultsThe death group showed greatly higher serum levels of miR‐320‐3p, KIM‐1 and APACHE Ⅱ scores than the survival group (p < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that levels of miR‐320‐3p, NGAL, KIM‐1 and APACHE Ⅱ scores were independent risk elements for death in sepsis children with AKI (p < 0.01). According to ROC curve analysis, the region under the curve (0.963, 95% CI: 0.908–0.996) of miR‐320‐3p, NGAL, KIM‐1 levels and APACHE Ⅱ scores combined to forecast the death of kids suffering from sepsis and AKI were the biggest. According to correlation analysis, the expression degree of serum miR‐320‐3p in the death group was positively correlated with NGAL, KIM‐1 and APACHE Ⅱ scores (all p < 0.01).ConclusionsThe expression level of serum miR‐320‐3p in children with sepsis‐induced AKI was significantly increased, and the combination of NGAL, KIM‐1 and APACHE Ⅱ scores has good value for prognosis prediction in children.
A prognostic model integrating PET‐derived metrics and image texture analyses with clinical risk factors from GOYA
Authors: Kostakoglu Lale , Dalmasso Federico , Berchialla Paola , Pierce Larry A. , Vitolo Umberto , Martelli Maurizio , Sehn Laurie H. , Trněný Marek , Nielsen Tina G. , Bolen Christopher R. , Sahin Deniz , Lee Calvin , El‐Galaly Tarec Christoffer , Mattiello Federico , Kinahan Paul E. , Chauvie Stephane 
Published: March 2022

AbstractImage texture analysis (radiomics) uses radiographic images to quantify characteristics that may identify tumour heterogeneity and associated patient outcomes. Using fluoro‐deoxy‐glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG‐PET/CT)‐derived data, including quantitative metrics, image texture analysis and other clinical risk factors, we aimed to develop a prognostic model that predicts survival in patients with previously untreated diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) from GOYA (NCT01287741). Image texture features and clinical risk factors were combined into a random forest model and compared with the international prognostic index (IPI) for DLBCL based on progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) predictions. Baseline FDG‐PET scans were available for 1263 patients, 832 patients of these were cell‐of‐origin (COO)‐evaluable. Patients were stratified by IPI or radiomics features plus clinical risk factors into low‐, intermediate‐ and high‐risk groups. The random forest model with COO subgroups identified a clearer high‐risk population (45% 2‐year PFS [95% confidence interval (CI) 40%–52%]; 65% 2‐year OS [95% CI 59%–71%]) than the IPI (58% 2‐year PFS [95% CI 50%–67%]; 69% 2‐year OS [95% CI 62%–77%]). This study confirms that standard clinical risk factors can be combined with PET‐derived image texture features to provide an improved prognostic model predicting survival in untreated DLBCL.
Sustainability transitions of contaminated sites: A global meta‐analysis on economic effects of remediation behaviour
Authors: Li Xiaonuo , Yi Shiyi , Cundy Andrew B. , Chen Weiping 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe worldwide diversity of contaminated sites, coupled with a scarcity of available land presents a challenge for urban spatial planning and, has led to an increasing political significance for brownfield conservation and reuse to achieve land resource sustainability. In this study, economic or the so‐called ‘rebound effects’ of land regeneration are studied via a global meta‐analysis on value fluctuation of surrounding property. To this end, a total of 91 observations from 28 HPM (hedonic pricing model) studies were synthesized to conduct a meta‐analysis following a conditional random effects procedure. The empirical results indicate that, in line with expectations, the conservation and recycling of land resource indeed generate significant rebound in the implicit price of residential houses, especially for those located within 2 km of contaminated sites. Before land remediation and reuse, dwellings closest in distance to contaminated sites experience the greatest value loss. On average, the depreciation in property values within the first 1 km distance from a contaminated site is about 8.18%, significantly at the 1% level, while the corresponding adverse impact from 1 to 2 km distance is a 4.8% price premium significantly at the 5% level. The significance of the stigma or rebound effects depends on 12 attributes, in which, house age, location, floor area ratio (FAR), and central business district (CBD) variables have the largest impact of −37.38% to 37.5%. From a practical perspective, the findings of this meta‐analysis: (1) help refine contributing parameters in HPM studies to evaluate environmental economics; and (2) provide meaningful decision‐making support for cost‐effective remediation and benefit maximization.
Spatial heterogeneity of ecosystem services in response to landscape patterns under the Grain for Green Program: A case‐study in Kaihua County, China
Authors: Ma Shuai , Wang Liang‐Jie , Wang Hui‐Yong , Zhang Xiaomian , Jiang Jiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the impact of landscape patterns on ecosystem services (ES) is crucial for the design and management of ecological restoration programs. However, the impacts of landscape configuration on ES from a geospatial perspective have not been studied sufficiently. This study analyzed the landscape composition and pattern changes and quantified the changes in water yield, carbon storage, soil retention, water purification, and habitat quality under the Grain for Green Program (GFGP) from 2000 to 2020 in Kaihua County. The responses of ES to landscape patterns were revealed by geographic detector and geographically weighted regression models. The results showed that landscape fragmentation and diversity increased, and forest landscape area and aggregation increased because of the GFGP implementation. Water yield declined with the decrease in the mean patch area of the landscape, while other ES improved due to the increase in Shannon's diversity index and largest patch index. The interspersion and juxtaposition of cropland and forest land played an important role in improving ES under the GFGP. In addition, some ES may be closely related to natural factors and connection to landscape patterns, such as soil retention and topography, water yield and precipitation, but this response to landscape pattern changes was captured due to the subjective nature of the GFGP. The results can provide scientific guidance for forest landscape restoration to better improve ES.
Study on the chemotherapeutic effect and mechanism of cucurbitacin E on laryngeal cancer stem cells
Authors: Jiang Xuelian , Ma Binjuan , Wei Xudong , Xu Xiaoyan , Cao Jiyan , Zhang Jingyue 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesStudy on the chemotherapeutic effect and mechanism of cucurbitacin E (CuE) on laryngeal cancer stem cells.MethodsWe used flow cytometry to sort out CD133+ laryngeal cancer stem cells; trypan blue rejection assay to detect the survival rate of laryngeal cancer stem cells; Cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay to detect the effect of CuE on the proliferation ability of stem cells and the chemotherapeutic potentiation of doxorubicin; Transwell assay to observe the effect of CuE on the migration ability of stem cells; and Western Blot to detect the effect of CuE on the expression level of stem cell‐associated proteins. The tumor volume of nude mice was measured at the end of the experiment, and paraffin sections of nude mice tumor tissues were prepared and stained with Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). The expression of c‐MYC in tumor tissues of nude mice was further detected by immunohistochemistry, and the effect of CuE on the expression level of related proteins in tumor tissues of nude mice was detected by Western Blot.ResultsCuE reduced the survival rate, proliferation ability, and migration ability of laryngeal cancer stem cells in vitro, and that CuE had a chemotherapeutic potentiating effect on doxorubicin. The possible mechanism of the chemotherapeutic effect of CuE was to reduce the expression of c‐MYC protein, and the possible mechanism of chemotherapy synergy was to reduce the expression of ABCG2 and P‐gp protein.ConclusionCuE has a chemotherapeutic effect on laryngeal cancer stem cells, as well as a chemotherapy synergy.
Polyarginine as a Simultaneous Antimicrobial, Immunomodulatory, and miRNA Delivery Agent within Polyanionic Hydrogel
Authors: Gribova Varvara , Petit Lauriane , Kocgozlu Leyla , Seguin Cendrine , Fournel Sylvie , Kichler Antoine , Vrana Nihal Engin , Lavalle Philippe 
Published: March 2022

AbstractImplantation of biomedical devices is followed by immune response to the implant, as well as occasionally bacterial, yeast, and/or fungal infections. In this context, new implant materials and coatings that deal with medical device‐associated complications are required. Antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory materials are also required for wound healing applications, especially in diabetic patients with chronic wounds. In this work, hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels with triple activity: antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and miRNA delivery agent, are presented. It is demonstrated that polyarginine with a degree of polymerization of 30 (PAR30), which is previously shown to have a prolonged antibacterial activity, decreases inflammatory response of lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated macrophages. In addition, PAR30 accelerates fibroblast migration in macrophage/fibroblast coculture system, suggesting a positive effect on wound healing. Furthermore, PAR30 allows to load miRNA into HA hydrogels, and then to deliver them into the cells. To the authors knowledge, this study is the first describing miRNA‐loaded hydrogels with antibacterial effect and anti‐inflammatory features. Such system can become a tool for the treatment of infected wounds, e.g., diabetic ulcers, as well as for foreign body response modulation.
Enhanced corrosion and wear properties of H13 steel with Co‐based alloy coating prepared by laser cladding
Authors: Li Qian , Zhang Liang , Wang Qian , Zhang Guang Shun , Zhang Ya Long , Jin Hui , Zhang Jun Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this study, Stellite 21 Co‐based alloy coating was prepared on the surface of the H13 steel substrate by laser cladding. The phase composition, microstructure, chemical constitution, microhardness, and wear property of the coating were studied, respectively. The corrosion resistance of the coating was evaluated by electrochemical test and salt spray test. The results show that the coating is mainly composed of γ‐Co, CoCx, and Cr7C3 phases. γ‐Co solid solution matrix separates within the dendrites, while Mo‐rich intermetallic phases and carbides separate in the interdendritic regions. The average microhardness of the coating is twice that of the H13 substrate. The wear loss of the coating is 74.3% lower than that of the substrate, exhibiting better wear resistance. The main strengthening mechanisms of the coating are solid solution strengthening and second phase strengthening. The self‐corrosion potential of the coating is more positive than that of the H13 steel and the corrosion current density is only 1/160 of the H13 steel. The salt spray test after 168 h reveals that the coating exhibits much better corrosion resistance than that of the substrate.
Molecular Simulation Study on Electronic Property and Thermal Conductivity of Graphyne/Polypyrrole Composite
Authors: Luo Min , Yin Qinjian , Jiang Bo , Zhou Ge 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGraphyne is a new carbon material with excellent electrical conductivity. It is a research hotspot that using graphyne as polymer filler to enhance the thermal conductivity of composite materials. In this study, the structure, electronic properties, and thermal conductivity of graphyne (GY), polypyrrole (PPy), and graphyne/polypyrrole (GY/PPy) composite materials are studied using density functional theory (DFT), molecular dynamics simulation (MD), and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation (NEMD). It is found that graphyne with approximate aspect ratio has better electronic conductivity. The thermal conductivity of GY/PPy composites with different mass fractions is studied by NEMD. The results show that when 7‐GY‐2 is 20%, the thermal conductivity of GY/PPy composite is about 90% higher than that of pure PPy. In order to further study the interaction of GY/PPy, the electronic properties of the local configuration (GY‐PPy) of the composite are studied. The results show that the strong interaction between graphyne and polypyrrole improves the conductivity of GY‐PPy. This study provides some research ideas and theoretical exploration for improving the electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of polymer doped with graphyne.
A forkhead transcription factor contributes to the regulatory differences of pathogenicity in closely related fungal pathogens
Authors: Ke Weixin , Xie Yuyan , Hu Yue , Ding Hao , Fan Xin , Huang Jingjing , Tian Xiuyun , Zhang Baokun , Xu Yingchun , Liu Xiao , Yang Ying , Wang Linqi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCryptococcus neoformans and its sister species Cryptococcus deuterogattii are important human fungal pathogens. Despite their phylogenetically close relationship, these two Cryptococcus pathogens are greatly different in their clinical characteristics. However, the determinants underlying the regulatory differences of their pathogenicity remain largely unknown. Here, we show that the forkhead transcription factor Hcm1 promotes infection in C. neoformans but not in C. deuterogattii. Monitoring in vitro and in vivo fitness outcomes of multiple clinical isolates from the two pathogens indicates that Hcm1 mediates pathogenicity in C. neoformans through its key involvement in oxidative stress defense. By comparison, Hcm1 is not critical for antioxidation in C. deuterogattii. Furthermore, we identified SRX1, which encodes the antioxidant sulfiredoxin, as a conserved target of Hcm1 in two Cryptococcus pathogens. Like HCM1, SRX1 had a greater role in antioxidation in C. neoformans than in C. deuterogattii. Significantly, overexpression of SRX1 can largely rescue the defective pathogenicity caused by the absence of Hcm1 in C. neoformans. Conversely, Srx1 is dispensable for virulence in C. deuterogattii. Overall, our findings demonstrate that the difference in the contribution of the antioxidant sulfiredoxin to oxidative stress defense underlies the Hcm1‐mediated regulatory differences of pathogenicity in two closely related pathogens.