bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimally Invasive Liver Surgery: A Snapshot from a Major Dutch HPB and Transplant Center
Authors: Marino Rebecca , Olthof Pim B. , Shi Hong J. , Tran Khe T. C. , Ijzermans Jan N. M. , Terkivatan Türkan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundMinimally invasive liver surgery (MILS) has been progressively adopted on a nationwide scale. The aim of this study is to investigate MILS implementation in a high‐volume Dutch hepato‐pancreato‐biliary and transplant center, which is considered a moderate to low‐volume center from a European standpoint.MethodsAll patients who underwent MILS at Erasmus Medical Center between April 2010 and December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients’ surgical outcomes were compared after stratification according to resections’ difficulty and liver cirrhosis.ResultsA total of 212 cases were included. Major liver resections were performed in 24 patients (11%), while minor resections were performed in 188 patients (89%). Among those, 177 (94%) resections were classified as technically minor and 11 (6%) as technically major. Major morbidity was reported in 14/177 patients (8%) after technically minor resections and in 3/24 patients (13%) after major resections. Anatomically and technically major resections had higher intraoperative blood losses (425 (0–2100) vs. 240 (50–110) vs. 100 (0–2400) mL; p‐value < 0.001) and longer hospital stay (6 (3–25) vs. 5 (2–9) vs. 3 (1–44); p‐value < 0.001) when compared with the technically minor counterpart. Perioperative outcomes were similar when comparing cirrhotic MILS with the non‐cirrhotic cohort.ConclusionMILS program implementation can lead to encouraging surgical outcomes even in low‐ to moderate‐volume centers. Although low procedural volume might be predictive of impaired outcomes, long‐standing experience in the HPB and liver transplant field could mitigate low‐case volume effects on surgical outcomes.
Evaluating the resistant force of an endoscopic capsule self-propelling in the small intestine
Authors: Yan Yao , Guo Bingyong , Tian Jiyuan , Zhang Jiajia , Zhang Baoquan , Ley Ellis , Liu Yang , Prasad Shyam 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we study a mathematical model for evaluating the resistant force of endoscopic devices self-propelling in the small intestine with a consideration of its anatomy. Circular fold is the main source of intestinal resistance that needs to be overcome during the endoscopic procedure. Our model is able to calculate the resistances of such folds in different dimensions. Finite element analysis and experimental testing are presented to validate the proposed model by using a pulling-type endoscopic capsule. Our investigation shows that the resistance reaches its maximum immediately after the capsule is pulled against the fold, and drops off gradually during the crossing motion. The proposed method is further demonstrated by using a magnetic pulling-type capsule prototype in an intestine simulator. The findings of this study provide a better insight into the biomechanics of the small intestine and advance the understanding of capsule–intestine interaction for robotic and endoscopic engineers.
Detection of group A streptococcus in children with confirmed viral pharyngitis and antiviral host response
Authors: Ivaska Lauri , Niemelä Jussi , Gröndahl-Yli-Hannuksela Kirsi , Putkuri Niina , Vuopio Jaana , Vuorinen Tytti , Waris Matti , Rantakokko-Jalava Kaisu , Peltola Ville 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOur aim was to study the detection of group A streptococcus (GAS) with different diagnostic methods in paediatric pharyngitis patients with and without a confirmed viral infection. In this prospective observational study, throat swabs and blood samples were collected from children (age 1–16 years) presenting to the emergency department with febrile pharyngitis. A confirmed viral infection was defined as a positive virus diagnostic test (nucleic acid amplification test [NAAT] and/or serology) together with an antiviral immune response of the host demonstrated by elevated (≥ 175 µg/L) myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) blood concentration. Testing for GAS was performed by a throat culture, by 2 rapid antigen detection tests (StrepTop and mariPOC) and by 2 NAATs (Simplexa and Illumigene). Altogether, 83 children were recruited of whom 48 had samples available for GAS testing. Confirmed viral infection was diagnosed in 30/48 (63%) children with febrile pharyngitis. Enteroviruses 11/30 (37%), adenoviruses 9/30 (30%) and rhinoviruses 9/30 (30%) were the most common viruses detected. GAS was detected by throat culture in 5/30 (17%) with and in 6/18 (33%) patients without a confirmed viral infection. Respectively, GAS was detected in 4/30 (13%) and 6/18 (33%) by StrepTop, 13/30 (43%) and 10/18 (56%) by mariPOC, 6/30 (20%) and 9/18 (50%) by Simplexa, and 5/30 (17%) and 6/18 (30%) patients by Illumigene.Conclusion: GAS was frequently detected also in paediatric pharyngitis patients with a confirmed viral infection. The presence of antiviral host response and increased GAS detection by sensitive methods suggest incidental throat carriage of GAS in viral pharyngitis.

What is Known:•The frequency and significance of GAS-virus co-detection are poorly characterised in children with pharyngitis.•Detection of a virus and the antiviral host response likely indicates symptomatic infection.

What is New:•Group A streptococcus (GAS) was detected in 17–43% of the children with confirmed viral pharyngitis depending on the GAS diagnostic method.•Our results emphasize the risk of detecting and treating incidental pharyngeal carriage of GAS in children with viral pharyngitis.
Is collaborative care a key component for treating pregnant women with psychiatric symptoms (and additional psychosocial problems)? A systematic review
Authors: Klatter Celine K. , van Ravesteyn Leontien M. , Stekelenburg Jelle 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Mental disorders during pregnancy are common, with long-lasting negative effects on mother and child. Treatment of these women is challenging, because of the high incidence of additional psychosocial problems and barriers on population and healthcare level. Collaborative care, collaboration between mental health and obstetric care professionals, may help to overcome these problems. The aim of this review is to review antenatal mental health interventions and analyse the impact of collaborative care. Two independent reviewers searched for RCT’s in PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO. Trials studying the effect of psychological or pharmacological interventions on the mental health of pregnant women with psychiatric symptoms (and psychosocial problems) were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently abstracted data and assessed study quality and risk of bias. Each study was scored on collaborative care criteria: multi-professional approach to patient care, structured management plan, scheduled patient follow-ups and enhanced interprofessional communication. Thirty-five studies were included. Most trials studied the effect of cognitive behavioural therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy on antenatal depression. Almost all interventions met at least one collaborative care criteria. Interventions were mostly provided by multiple professionals, but interprofessional communication rarely took place. Interventions that met more criteria did not more often show a positive effect on maternal mental health. There is lack of research on antenatal psychiatric disorders other than depressive and on long-term treatment outcomes. Collaborative care is partly implemented in most current interventions, but more trials (including interprofessional communication) are needed to be conclusive whether collaborative care is a key component in antenatal mental healthcare.
Examining Geographical Differences in the HIV Care Continuum Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Mexico
Authors: Algarin Angel B , Lara Marisol Valenzuela , Chapin-Bardales Johanna , Baruch-Dominguez Ricardo , Sanchez Travis H , Hernandez-Avila Mauricio , Smith Laramie R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe analyzed data collected by the Encuesta de Sexo Entre Hombres study from 15,233 Mexican men who have sex with men (MSM) between May-July 2017 to examine differences in the HIV care continuum. Data were stratified into 6 geographical regions. Prevalence ratios assessed associations between region and care outcomes. Among participants never testing HIV positive (n = 13,583), 66.1% had ever been tested and 43.0% in the past year. Among HIV-positive persons (n = 1,650), 83.9% reported counseling post-diagnosis, 61.9% timely linkage to care, 42.4% timely CD4/viral load results, 38.2% timely access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 87.7% were currently on ART. The Ciudad de México /Estado de México region had significantly superior care continuum outcomes in ever and recent HIV testing, linkage to care, CD4/viral load results, and current ART use. Understanding geographical variations in HIV care for MSM in Mexico is one important step to inform efforts for ending HIV/AIDS by 2030 in Latin America.
Home Care Assistance: Has Covid-19 had an Impact on the Complex Management of HIV Patients?
Authors: Dusina Alex , Lombardi Francesca , Tamburrini Enrica , Onorati Fiorella , Petrucci Massimo , Di Giambenedetto Simona 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, people living with HIV (PLWH) could have had to face problems with treatment adherence because of the difficulty of accessing services connected with antiretroviral therapy (ART) dispensation, which could have undermined their health. In this article, we described, over the period 2015–2020, both the activities of our home care assistance unit, the “Unità di Trattamento Domiciliare (UTD)”, and the characteristics of the comorbid HIV patients followed-up. To determine whether the COVID-19 pandemic affected this service, we compared the number/type of services provided in 2020 with those provided in the preceding 5 years, i.e., 2015–2019. We also compared the proportion of monthly interventions carried out in 2018, 2019 and 2020. We found comparable values with some differences in the types of performances due to the heterogeneity of the population and their medical assistance needs. We also observed a stable viro-immunological status of the patients. All of these data suggest that the UTD was consistently active during the lockdown months and pandemic waves preventing therapy discontinuation, and was able to maintain optimal control of patients’ HIV infections.
Automation and Well-Being: Bridging the Gap between Economics and Business Ethics
Authors: Spencer David A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSome economists now predict that technology will eliminate many millions of jobs and lead to a future without work. Much debate focuses on the accuracy of such a prediction—whether, or at what rate, jobs will disappear. But there is a wider question raised by this prediction, namely the merits or otherwise of automating work. Beyond estimating future job losses via automation, there is the normative issue of whether the quality of life would be enhanced in a world where machines replace humans in work. Economics makes particular assumptions about the value of work and the nature of well-being that can address this normative issue. But a deeper enquiry into the scope for living well in a possible automated future requires us to think beyond the limits of standard economic theory and to engage in matters of relevance to business ethicists. This paper shows how automation raises crucial concerns about work—its meaning and contribution to well-being—and how the ability to envisage a better future of work depends on bridging the gap between economics and business ethics. Overall, the paper aims to further understanding of automation as a possible mechanism to raise well-being within work and beyond it.
Cultural heritage content development and dissemination through a participatory platform: lessons learned from in-service teachers’ perception
Authors: Koutromanos George , Koukopoulos Dimitrios , Koukopoulos Zois , Mouzakis Charalampos 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore teachers’ perceptions and patterns of their activities on a participatory platform for cultural heritage content creation and dissemination. Using a convenience sample of participants, eight in-service teachers enrolled in a postgraduate program were invited to the study. Qualitative research methods were used, including (a) interviews with in-service teachers, (b) focus group discussions with two randomly selected teachers, the instructor of the course and an ICT expert as a digital content evaluator, and (c) observation of teachers’ activities patterns on the participatory Culture Gate platform. The results of this study highlight, as well as encourage discussion on how teachers can learn through online collaboration and also aims to identify factors connected with teachers’ professional development within a pedagogic framework.
Online Demodulation and Trigger for Flux-ramp Modulated SQUID Signals
Authors: Karcher N. , Muscheid T. , Wolber T. , Richter D. , Enss C. , Kempf S. , Sander O. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDue to the periodic characteristics of SQUIDs, a suitable linearization technique is required for SQUID-based readout. Flux-ramp modulation is a common linearization technique and is typically applied for the readout of a microwave SQUID multiplexer as well as since recently also for dc-SQUIDs. Flux-ramp modulation requires another stage in the signal processing chain to demodulate the SQUID output signal before further processing. For cryogenic microcalorimeters, the signal contains events that are given by a fast exponentially rising and slowly exponentially decaying pulses shape. The events shall be detected by a trigger engine and recorded by a storage logic. Since the data rate can be decreased significantly by demodulation and event detection, it is desirable to do both steps on the deployed fast FPGA logic during measurement before passing the data to a general-purpose processor. In this contribution, we show the implementation of efficient multi-channel flux-ramp demodulation computed at run-time on a SoC-FPGA. Furthermore, a concept and implementation for an online trigger and buffer mechanism with its theoretical trigger loss rates depending on buffer size is presented. Both FPGA modules can be operated with up to 500 MHz clock frequency and can efficiently process 32 channels. Correct functionality and data reduction capability of the modules are demonstrated in measurements utilizing magnetic microcalorimeter irradiated with an Iron-55 source for event generation and read out by a microwave SQUID multiplexer.
Long Memory, Spurious Memory: Persistence in Range-Based Volatility of Exchange Rates
Authors: Afzal Alia , Sibbertsen Philipp 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study considers the long memory and fractional integration in the range-based volatilities across 30 currencies against USD. Graphical analysis of the autocorrelation function at long lags and pole near zero frequencies in the periodogram suggests the existence of fractional integration. We apply semi-parametric methods to measure long-range dependence. We find a decrease in the memory estimates with an increase in the bandwidth, which indicates the presence of spurious memory rather true long memory. The hypothesis of long memory against the alternative of spurious memory is also tested by applying the different semi-parametric methods. Empirical results confirm the presence of spurious memory that may be a result of some shocks to the volatility estimator. Furthermore, the reduced memory estimates obtained by utilising an estimator accounting for level shifts also explains the inconsistency of the Local Whittle estimator. We also estimate the number of breaks for each series.
Preferences of Pinus sylvestris seedling roots for different phosphorus sources under phosphorus-deficient conditions
Authors: Lei Kaiyu , Creber Hamish , Bol Roland , Tietema Albert , Sohi Saran P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Phosphorus (P) is a limiting nutrient in many managed forests. To further understand the risks and benefits of biochars as sustainable P source in forest management, an improved mechanistic understanding of its interactions in root systems is required.

Methods
A rhizobox experiment was conducted to observe root response of P. sylvestris (Scots pine) seedlings to different biochars in comparison to triple superphosphate (TSP) fertiliser as a P source. Three types of wood-derived biochar were compared: biochar from mixed softwood pellets (“Reference biochar”); from the vascular cambium zone of Picea sitchensis (“VCZ biochar”) and from mixed softwood pellets infused with TSP (“Processed biochar”). These biochars presented a range of available P from low to high. Seedling root development was spatially analysed using GIS software.

Results
The total length of P. sylvestris roots did not significantly differ between treatments. However, seedling roots showed strong preference for soil proximal to VCZ biochar and strong avoidance to TSP fertiliser. There was a milder avoidance effect for Processed biochar. Differences in root responses could be explained by available P: roots favored a moderate, sustained P source and avoided high available P sources. The avoidance effect can be attributed partially to lower soil pH around TSP fertiliser.

Conclusion
The extent concentration and duration of P availability affects the root response of P. sylverstris to P sources. Under P-deficient conditions, P. sylvestris root growth was markedly improved by introducing biochar with a certain P concentration, and VCZ biochar has potential as an effective source of P in forest establishment.
Legionellosis risk—an overview of Legionella spp. habitats in Europe
Authors: Kanarek Piotr , Bogiel Tomasz , Breza-Boruta Barbara 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAn increase in the number of reports of legionellosis in the European Union and the European Economic Area have been recorded in recent years. The increase in cases is significant: from 6947 reports in 2015 to 11,298 in 2019. This is alarming as genus Legionella, which comprises a large group of bacteria inhabiting various aquatic systems, poses a serious threat to human health and life, since more than 20 species can cause legionellosis, with L. pneumophila being responsible for the majority of cases. The ability to colonize diverse ecosystems makes the eradication of these microorganisms difficult. A detailed understanding of the Legionella habitat may be helpful in the effective control of this pathogen. This paper provides an overview of Legionella environments in Europe: natural (lakes, groundwater, rivers, compost, soil) and anthropogenic (fountains, air humidifiers, water supply systems), and the role of Legionella spp. in nosocomial infections, which are potentially fatal for children, the elderly and immunocompromised patients.
Graphical abstract
Pathways to Empowerment:Case Studies of Positive Deviances in Gender Relations in Ethiopia
Authors: Kinati Wole , Temple Elizabeth C. , Baker Derek , Najjar Dina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDevelopment efforts have increased women’s perceived empowerment and freedom, yet have failed to sustainably alter gender norms. There is a lack of research investigating reasons for this anomaly. This study, departing from the conventional approach, tries to fill this gap by employing an interpretative phenomenological approach to assess how women have managed to achieve expanded agency while living within a constraining normative environment. We argue that women have the capacity to deviate and the intentions that lead to new behaviors emerge not only from individuals’ attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, as suggested by the Theory of Planned Behavior, but also in combination with demographic and economic factors. Individuals need to make decisions in three areas ―self-conviction (attitude and perceived behavioral control), subjective norms (within household and community), and structures (state and non-state institutions). The results shed light on alternative empowerment pathways that could potentially inform the design of transformational interventions.
Benthic megafaunal biodiversity of the Charlie-Gibbs fracture zone: spatial variation, potential drivers, and conservation status
Authors: Keogh Poppy , Command Rylan J. , Edinger Evan , Georgiopoulou Aggeliki , Robert Katleen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone (CGFZ) is a prominent geological feature offsetting the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR), consisting of two parallel fractures, creating a highly variable seafloor bathymetry. It has been defined as the most important latitudinal biodiversity transitional zone on the MAR. Despite this recognition, the faunal communities living on the fracture zone have not been extensively described. A remotely operated vehicle (ROV) was utilised during the TOSCA (Tectonic Ocean Spreading at the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone) survey. The survey included five ROV video transects at depths between 560 and 2900 m. The objectives of the study were to use this video footage to quantify benthic megafaunal density and biodiversity patterns on the CGFZ and their environmental drivers. Species accumulation curves and generalised additive modelling show that depth and the presence of hard substrates play an important role in explaining species richness and abundance at the CGFZ. Coral taxa showed highest abundance between depths of 1500 and 2000 m, while sponge taxa were more abundant between 1750 and 2250 m. A dense sponge aggregation was identified on a ridge feature at 2250 m depth. The high biodiversity and presence of dense sponge aggregations and coral gardens found in this study highlight the need for detailed surveys to help support decisions made by governing bodies on the protection status of the CGFZ.
Adsorption of Cd2+ from synthetic wastewater by modified leaves of Eupatorium adenophorum and Acer oblongum: thermodynamics, kinetics and equilibrium studies
Authors: Joshi Hemant Kumar , Vishwakarma Mahesh Chandra , Kumar Rajesh , Sharma Harish , Joshi Sushil Kumar , Bhandari Narendra Singh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHeavy metals cause outrageous ecological risks when released into the environment from many point and non-point sources. Biosorbents prepared from the leaves of Eupatorium adenophorum (AEA) and Acer oblongum (AAO) were used as practical solutions to remove the toxic heavy metal cadmium (Cd2+) from wastewater. Biosorption of Cd2+ was investigated using AEA and AAO biomass under batch conditions. The effect of operating variables like temperature, contact time, the pH impact, and initial metal concentration and biosorbent portion on Cd2+ removal has been studied. The optimal pH and the sorbent dosage were found to be 7.0 and 2.0 g L−1, respectively, and removal efficiency attained was 93.3% with an equilibrium removal time of 90 min. The equilibrium uptake of Cd2+ was evaluated by Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin isotherm models. The Langmuir isotherm model was proved fit confirming single layer of sorption. The biosorption of Cd2+ onto activated AEA and AAO biomass achieved were 45.45 mg g−1 and 44.64 mg g−1 respectively. The adsorption affinity of AEA toward Cd2+ was discovered a lot more prominent than AAO biomass. The kinetic data of Cd2+ biosorption onto activated AEA and AAO, fitted with a pseudo-second-order well with higher values of R2 (> 0.99). Thermodynamics disclosed that the adsorption process was spontaneous (∆G0 < 0), endothermic (∆H0 > 0), and feasible (ΔS0 > 0). The adsorption of Cd2+ onto AEA was more exothermic and spontaneous than the AAO biosorbent. Additionally, FT-IR and SEM analysis uncovered that Cd2+ were adsorbed onto selected biomassdue to –NH–, –COOH, –OH, and –NH2 groups. Ionic, coordination bond formation, and electrostatic interaction with Cd2+ demonstrated that they were promising biosorbent for wastewater treatment.