bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health economic evaluation of nation-wide screening programmes for atrial fibrillation in the Netherlands
Authors: van Hulst Marinus , Tieleman Robert G , Zwart Lennaert A R , Pomp Marc , Jacobs Maartje S , Meeder Joan G , van Ofwegen-Hanekamp Clara E E , Hollander Monika , Smits Paul , Hemels Martin E W 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
Screening for atrial fibrillation (AF) is recommended by the European Society of Cardiology guidelines to prevent strokes. Cost-effectiveness analyses of different screening programmes for AF are difficult to compare because of varying settings and models used. We compared the impact and cost-effectiveness of various AF screening programmes in the Netherlands.

Methods and results
The base case economic analysis was conducted from the societal perspective. Health effects and costs were analysed using a Markov model. The main model inputs were derived from the ARISTOTLE, RE-LY, and ROCKET AF trials combined with Dutch observational data. Univariate, probabilistic sensitivity, and various scenario analyses were performed. The maximum number of newly detected AF patients in the Netherlands ranged from 4554 to 39 270, depending on the screening strategy used. Adequate treatment with anticoagulation would result in a maximum of &gt;3000 strokes prevented using single-time point AF screening. Compared with no screening, screening 100 000 people provided a gain in QALYs ranging from 984 to 8727 and a mean cost difference ranging from –6650 000€ to 898 000€, depending on the screening strategy used. The probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) demonstrated a 100% likelihood that screening all patients ≥75 years visiting the geriatric outpatient clinic was cost-saving. Four out of six strategies were cost-saving in ≥74% of the PSA simulations. Out of these, opportunistic screening of all patients ≥65 years visiting the GPs office had the highest impact on strokes prevented.

Conclusion
Most single-time point AF screening strategies are cost-saving and have an important impact on stroke prevention.
The relationship of family functioning and family health with hospital readmission in patients with heart failure: insights from an international cross-sectional study
Authors: Shamali Mahdi , Østergaard Birte , Svavarsdóttir Erla Kolbrún , Shahriari Mohsen , Konradsen Hanne 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsThe growing hospital readmission rate among patients with heart failure (HF) has imposed a substantial economic burden on healthcare systems. Therefore, it is essential to identify readmission associating factors to reduce hospital readmission. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of family functioning and family health with hospital readmission rates over 6 months in patients with HF and identify the sociodemographic and/or clinical variables associated with hospital readmission.Methods and resultsThis international multicentre cross-sectional study involved a sample of 692 patients with HF from three countries (Denmark 312, Iran 288, and Iceland 92) recruited from January 2015 to May 2020. The Family Functioning, Health, and Social Support questionnaire was used to collect the data. The number of patients’ hospital readmissions during the 6-month period was retrieved from patients’ hospital records. Of the total sample, 184 (26.6%) patients were readmitted during the 6-month period. Of these, 111 (16%) had one readmission, 68 (9.9%) had two readmissions, and 5 (0.7%) had three readmissions. Family functioning, family health, being unemployed, and country of residence were significant factors associated with hospital readmission for the patients.ConclusionsThis study highlights the critical roles of family functioning and family health in 6-month hospital readmission among patients with HF. Moreover, the strategy of healthcare systems in the management of HF is a key determinant that influences hospital readmission. Our findings may assist the investigation of potential strategies to reduce hospital readmission in patients with HF.
Psychometric evaluation of the Thai version of the Self-Care of Coronary Heart Disease Inventory Version 3
Authors: Koson Naruebeth , Srisuk Nittaya , Rattanaprom Arunsri , Thompson David R , Ski Chantal F 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsEngaging in self-care is an important aspect of the prevention and management of coronary heart disease (CHD), the leading cause of premature death in Thailand. As no validated tool exists to measure self-care in Thai people with CHD, we translated and examined the psychometric properties of the Self-Care of Coronary Heart Disease Inventory Version 3 (SC-CHDI-V3) in a Thai population.Methods and resultsThe SC-CHDI-V3 was translated into Thai using the standard forward and backward translation procedure for self-care instruments. A cross-sectional design was used to examine the psychometric properties of the Thai version of the SC-CHDI-V3 in 250 patients with confirmed CHD in a tertiary hospital in southern Thailand. Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficients were used to assess internal consistency, and confirmatory factor analysis was performed to assess construct validity. The Thai version of the SC-CHDI-V3 demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficients of each scale ranged from 0.821 to 0.910). Reliability estimates were adequate for each scale (range 0.863–0.906). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the original factor structure of the instrument, with good fit indices for all three scales (comparative fit index = 0.996–1.000; root mean square error of approximation = &lt;0.001–0.040).ConclusionsThe Thai version of the SC-CHDI-V3 appears to be a valid and reliable instrument for measuring engagement in self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, and self-care management among Thai people with CHD.
Evolved Transcriptional Responses and Their Trade-Offs after Long-Term Adaptation of Bemisia tabaci to a Marginally Suitable Host
Authors: Tadmor Ella , Juravel Ksenia , Morin Shai , Santos-Garcia Diego 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Although generalist insect herbivores can migrate and rapidly adapt to a broad range of host plants, they can face significant difficulties when accidentally migrating to novel and marginally suitable hosts. What happens, both in performance and gene expression regulation, if these marginally suitable hosts must be used for multiple generations before migration to a suitable host can take place, largely remains unknown. In this study, we established multigenerational colonies of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, a generalist phloem-feeding species, adapted to a marginally suitable host (habanero pepper) or an optimal host (cotton). We used reciprocal host tests to estimate the differences in performance of the populations on both hosts under optimal (30°C) and mild-stressful (24°C) temperature conditions, and documented the associated transcriptomic changes. The habanero pepper-adapted population greatly improved its performance on habanero pepper but did not reach its performance level on cotton, the original host. It also showed reduced performance on cotton, relative to the nonadapted population, and an antagonistic effect of the lower-temperature stressor. The transcriptomic data revealed that most of the expression changes, associated with long-term adaptation to habanero pepper, can be categorized as “evolved” with no initial plastic response. Three molecular functions dominated: enhanced formation of cuticle structural constituents, enhanced activity of oxidation–reduction processes involved in neutralization of phytotoxins and reduced production of proteins from the cathepsin B family. Taken together, these findings indicate that generalist insects can adapt to novel host plants by modifying the expression of a relatively small set of specific molecular functions.
Trends of in-hospital and ICU mortality in COVID-19 patients over the fourth and fifth COVID-19 surges in Iran: a retrospective cohort study from Iran
Authors: Abdi Sepideh , Nemati Saeed , Nederi darbaghshahi Nader , Mohammadi Mehdi , Saeedi Elnaz , Naji Parnian , Taheri Negar , Qandian Ali , Joshang Narges , Fattahi Pedram , Namdar Peyman , Vand rajabpour Mojtaba 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective
The current study aimed to investigate the temporal trend of in-hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients over 6 months in the spring and summer of 2021 in Iran.

Design
We performed an observational retrospective cohort study.

Setting
Qazvin Province- Iran during 6 month from April to September 2021.

Participants
All 14355 patients who were hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19 in hospitals of Qazvin Province.

Intervention
No intervention.

Main outcome measures
The trends of overall in-hospital mortality and ICU mortality were the main outcome of interest. We obtained crude and adjusted in-hospital and ICU mortality rates for each month of admission and over surge and lull periods of the disease.

Results
The overall in-hospital mortality, early mortality and ICU mortality were 8.8%, 3.2% and 67.6%, respectively. The trend for overall mortality was almost plateau ranging from 6.5% in July to 10.7% in April. The lowest ICU mortality was 60.0% observed in April, whereas it reached a peak in August (ICU mortality = 75.7%). Admission on surge days of COVID-19 was associated with an increased risk of overall mortality (Odds ratio = 1.3, 95% confidence interval = 1.1, 1.5). The comparison of surge and lull status showed that the odds of ICU mortality in the surge of COVID-19 was 1.7 higher than in the lull period (P-value &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
We found that the risk of both overall in-hospital and ICU mortality increased over the surge period and fourth and fifth waves of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in Iran. The lack of hospital resources and particularly ICU capacities to respond to the crisis during the surge period is assumed to be the main culprit.
Fitness effects of blaCTX-M-15-harbouring F2:A1:B− plasmids on their native Escherichia coli ST131 H30Rx hosts
Authors: Palkovicova Jana , Sukkar Iva , Delafuente Javier , Valcek Adam , Medvecky Matej , Jamborova Ivana , Bitar Ibrahim , Phan Minh-Duy , San Millan Alvaro , Dolejska Monika 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the fitness effects of large blaCTX-M-15-harbouring F2:A1:B− plasmids on their native Escherichia coli ST131 H30Rx hosts.

Methods
We selected five E. coli ST131 H30Rx isolates of diverse origin, each carrying an F2:A1:B− plasmid with the blaCTX-M-15 gene. The plasmid was eliminated from each isolate by displacement using an incompatible curing plasmid, pMDP5_cureEC958. WGS was performed to obtain complete chromosome and plasmid sequences of original isolates and to detect chromosomal mutations in ‘cured’ clones. High-throughput competition assays were conducted to determine the relative fitness of cured clones compared with the corresponding original isolates.

Results
We were able to successfully eliminate the F2:A1:B− plasmids from all five original isolates using pMDP5_cureEC958. The F2:A1:B− plasmids produced non-significant fitness effects in three isolates and moderate reductions in relative fitness (3%–4%) in the two remaining isolates.

Conclusions
We conclude that F2:A1:B− plasmids pose low fitness costs in their E. coli ST131 H30Rx hosts. This plasmid-host fitness compatibility is likely to promote the maintenance of antibiotic resistance in this clinically important E. coli lineage.
ArchShapesNet: a novel dataset for benchmarking architectural building information modeling element classification algorithms
Authors: Yu Youngsu , Ha Daemok , Lee Koeun , Choi Jiwon , Koo Bonsang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Recent studies in the domain of semantic enrichment have employed artificial intelligence (AI) approaches to distinguish and classify building information modeling (BIM) elements to check their conformance with open standard data formats. Training AI algorithms requires the development of well-balanced and robust datasets of BIM elements. However, collection is difficult as sources are limited to existing models and sample libraries. This study developed a parametric augmentation approach to create synthetic copies of BIM elements, and thus rapidly supplement manually collected samples. The approach was used to create ArchShapesNet, a dataset consisting of 11 common architectural elements with an equal size of 4,000 samples per class. Two multi-view convolutional neural networks (CNN), a geometric deep learning algorithm, were trained and tested separately on ArchShapesNet and an initial dataset with sample imbalances. Results showed significant improvement in the accuracy and F1 scores, providing evidence of the utility of ArchShapesNet. The size and scope of the dataset are considered to be the first of their kind and provide a benchmark for testing the semantic integrity of BIM models. The augmentation approach also provides a general framework to create custom datasets for different specialties in the Architectural Engineering and Construction industry.
Eugène Bouchut’s (1818–1891) Early Anticipation of the Concept of Brain Death
Authors: Saad Toni 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The conventional historical account of the concept of brain death credits developments and discoveries of the twentieth century with its inception, emphasizing the role of technological developments and professional conferences, notably the 1968 Ad Hoc Committee of the Harvard Medical School to Examine the Definition of Brain Death. This essay argues that the French physician Eugène Bouchut anticipated the concept of brain death as early as 1846. Correspondence with Bouchut’s understanding of brain death and one important contemporary concept of brain death is established then contrasted with current trends of defining death as the death of the brain. The philosophical factors that influenced Bouchut and the later developments of concepts of brain death are considered, with special reference to mechanistic philosophy and vitalism.
Differential diagnoses of right lower quadrant pain in late pregnancy
Authors: Daume Diana L , Becker Pauline M , Linke Katja , Ries Jean-Jacques , Fourie Lana , Klasen Jennifer M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We present two patients with right lower quadrant pain during the 36th week of pregnancy. In both cases, the challenges in diagnosing acute appendicitis in late pregnancy is underlined by misleading imaging results, revealing fluid in the lower abdomen, suggesting an appendicitis. Surgery was performed. Pre- and intraoperative gynecological examinations showed no signs of fetal distress. In patient 1, surgery revealed a torsion and necrosis of the right ovary and a 7-cm cyst of the fallopian tube. Open ovariectomy and appendectomy were performed. In patient 2, we saw a perforated appendicitis and cloudy ascites. Histology after appendectomy showed spots of endometriosis and serositis infiltrating into the appendix with signs of perforation at the tip. Patient 1 recovered after a short period of bowel paralysis. Patient 2 needed Caesarean section due to severe deceleration in the cardiotocograph and irregular uterine contractions. The newborn was kept in the neonatal ICU for 10 days.
Rapid intraoperative diagnosis of pediatric brain tumors using Raman spectroscopy: A machine learning approach
Authors: Jabarkheel Rashad , Ho Chi-Sing , Rodrigues Adrian J , Jin Michael C , Parker Jonathon J , Mensah-Brown Kobina , Yecies Derek , Grant Gerald A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Surgical resection is a mainstay in the treatment of pediatric brain tumors to achieve tissue diagnosis and tumor debulking. While maximal safe resection of tumors is desired, it can be challenging to differentiate normal brain from neoplastic tissue using only microscopic visualization, intraoperative navigation, and tactile feedback. Here, we investigate the potential for Raman spectroscopy (RS) to accurately diagnose pediatric brain tumors intraoperatively.

Methods
Using a rapid acquisition RS device, we intraoperatively imaged fresh ex vivo brain tissue samples from 29 pediatric patients at the Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital between October 2018 and March 2020 in a prospective fashion. Small tissue samples measuring 2-4 mm per dimension were obtained with each individual tissue sample undergoing multiple unique Raman spectra acquisitions. All tissue samples from which Raman spectra were acquired underwent individual histopathology review. A labeled dataset of 678 unique Raman spectra gathered from 160 samples was then used to develop a machine learning model capable of (1) differentiating normal brain from tumor tissue and (2) normal brain from low-grade glioma (LGG) tissue.

Results
Trained logistic regression model classifiers were developed using our labeled dataset. Model performance was evaluated using leave-one-patient-out cross-validation. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve for our tumor vs normal brain model was 0.94. The AUC of the ROC curve for LGG vs normal brain was 0.91.

Conclusions
Our work suggests that RS can be used to develop a machine learning-based classifier to differentiate tumor vs non-tumor tissue during resection of pediatric brain tumors.
Cortical Abnormalities in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Pilot Study of Surface-Based Morphometry Analysis
Authors: Tu Ye , Wang Jihong , Xiong Fei , Gao Feng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Although neuroanatomical studies correlated to fibromyalgia (FM) are gaining increasing interest, the cortical morphology of patients are largely unknown, and data on cortical gyrification are scarce. The objective of the present study is to assess the cortical morphology in female patients with FM compared with healthy controls (HC) using surface-based morphometry (SBM) analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods
T1-MRIs and clinical data of 20 FM patients and 20 HC subjects were obtained from a public data set via OpenNeuro. For each subject, surface parameters including cortical thickness, local gyrification index (LGI), sulcal depth, and fractal dimensionality were estimated using SBM analysis. These data were compared between two groups controlled by age. The correlations between regional SBM parameters showing group differences and clinical profiles were analyzed.

Results
Compared with HC subjects, FM patients showed reduced cortical thickness in right primary motor cortex, lower LGI in right rostral anterior cingulate and higher sulcal depth in right precuneus (P &lt; 0.05 cluster level family- wise error corrected). In FM patients, correlation analysis showed that the cortical thickness in right primary motor cortex were inversely correlated with scores of pain catastrophizing scale (r = -0.498, P = 0.030) and pain self-perception scale (r = -0.527, P = 0.020), and disease duration (r = -0.488, P = 0.034), respectively.

Conclusions
Our findings provide evidence of neuroanatomical aberrations in FM patients, which may provide insight into the neuropathology of FM.
Myth and Truth in Opioid Consumption with Intrathecal Morphine Pump Implantation in Chronic Pain: A Retrospective Cohort Study with Claims Database in South Korea
Authors: Yoo Yongjae , Oh Joo Hyeon , Lee Haine , Choi Hyunsook , Joo Somin , Han Andrew Hogyu , Moon Jee Youn 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the opioid consumption and the healthcare resource utilization in patients with the intrathecal drug delivery system (IDDS) therapy and the comprehensive medical management (CMM) alone.

Design
A retrospective cohort study with a customized claims database.

Setting
In a university-based hospital.

Subjects
Patients with complex regional pain syndrome, post-laminectomy syndrome, and fibromyalgia.

Methods
Using propensity score matching (1:3), we selected patients with morphine infusion through IDDS (IDDS group) and CMM alone (CMM group). The primary endpoints were comparisons of average morphine equivalents daily dosages (MEDD, mg/day) for 6 and 12 months from an index date. The number of emergency room (ER) visits and hospitalizations and the total medical expenditures were compared as secondary outcomes.

Results
In total, 82 patients (N = 23 in the IDDS group and N = 59 in the CMM group) were analyzed. Although a 6-month average MEDD did not reach statistical significance, a 12-month average MEDD was significantly decreased in the IDDS group compared to the CMM group (53.2 ± 46.3 vs 123.9 ± 176.4, respectively; P = 0.008). ER visits were more frequent in the IDDS group than the CMM group at baseline (5.4 vs 0.5, respectively; P = .002), which was maintained for 12 months (P &lt; 0.001). Otherwise, the number of hospitalization and the medical expenditures for pain management were not different between the groups for 12 months.

Conclusions
The combined IDDS therapy had some benefits in reducing opioid consumption for 1-year follow-up compared to the CMM alone in chronic noncancer pain patients.
Modeling biological age and its link with the aging process
Authors: Beltrán-Sánchez Hiram , Palloni Alberto , Huangfu Yiyue , McEniry Mary C 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Differences in health status at older ages are a result of genetic predispositions and physiological responses to exposure accumulation over the lifespan. These vary across individuals and lead to health status heterogeneity as people age. Chronological age (CA) is a standard indicator that reflects overall risks of morbidity and mortality. However, CA is only a crude proxy for individuals’ latent physiological deterioration. An alternative to CA is biological age (BA), an indicator of accumulated age-related biological change reflected in markers of major physiological systems. We propose and validate two BA estimators that improve upon existing ones. These estimators (i) are based on a structural equation model (SEM) that represents the relation between BA and CA, (ii) circumvent the need to impose arbitrary assumptions about the relation between CA and BA, and (iii) provide tools to empirically test the validity of assumptions the researcher may wish to invoke. We use the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988–1994 and compare results with three commonly used methods to compute BA (principal components—PCA, multiple regression—MLR, and Klemera–Doubal’s method—KD). We show that SEM-based estimates of BA differ significantly from those generated by PCA and MLR and are comparable to, but have better predictive power than KD’s. The proposed estimators are flexible, allow testing of assumptions about functional forms relating BA and CA, and admit a rich interpretation as indicators of accelerated aging.
Multicolor plate reader fluorescence calibration
Authors: Beal Jacob , Telmer Cheryl A , Vignoni Alejandro , Boada Yadira , Baldwin Geoff S , Hallett Liam , Lee Taeyang , Selvarajah Vinoo , Billerbeck Sonja , Brown Bradley , Cai Guo-nan , Cai Liang , Eisenstein Edward , Kiga Daisuke , Ross David , Alperovich Nina , Sprent Noah , Thompson Jaclyn , Young Eric M , Endy Drew , Haddock-Angelli Traci 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Plate readers are commonly used to measure cell growth and fluorescence, yet the utility and reproducibility of plate reader data is limited by the fact that it is typically reported in arbitrary or relative units. We have previously established a robust serial dilution protocol for calibration of plate reader measurements of absorbance to estimated bacterial cell count and for green fluorescence from proteins expressed in bacterial cells to molecules of equivalent fluorescein. We now extend these protocols to calibration of red fluorescence to the sulforhodamine-101 fluorescent dye and blue fluorescence to Cascade Blue. Evaluating calibration efficacy via an interlaboratory study, we find that these calibrants do indeed provide comparable precision to the prior calibrants and that they enable effective cross-laboratory comparison of measurements of red and blue fluorescence from proteins expressed in bacterial cells.