bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial Heterogeneity of Greenhouse Gas Emission from Cereal Crop Production Driven by Energy-Land-Water Nexus in China
Authors: Zhuang Minghao , Caro Dario , Qin Wei , Wang Chun , Yang Xiaolin , Liu Rui , Zhang Lin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Agricultural cereal production plays a crucial role feeding the world’s growing population, particularly pertaining to rice, wheat, and maize. Cereal production requires vast amounts of land and enormous energy and water resources, potentially leading to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, very little information exists on GHG emissions resulting from interactions among the land, energy, and water nexus during cereal production. To address this knowledge gap, we introduce a state-of-the-art polyphasic approach that combines national-scale survey data with statistics and emission factor data. We also investigate spatial GHG distributions of the land, energy, and water nexus involved in Chinese cereal production including rice, wheat and maize, while recommending a potential, comprehensive mitigation strategy. Results showed that total GHG emissions from these three cereal crops reached 505.5 Tg CO2eq. (i.e., land=247.5 Tg CO2eq., energy=222.1 Tg CO2eq., and water=35.9 Tg CO2eq.). The main GHG sources derived from land (through CH4 and N2O emissions) and energy consumption during N fertilizer production (i.e., GHG emissions), accounting for 55.8% and 30.5% of total GHG emissions, respectively. Additionally, GHG emissions from cereal production in Jiangxi, Henan, Anhui, and Jiangsu provinces showed large-scale spatial heterogeneity at a provincial scale due to differences in crop type, natural resources, and managerial practices. Furthermore, we found that provincial GHG emission intensity (i.e., the GHG emission per kg of crop nitrogen (N) content) varied for both different crop types and the same crop type, mainly pertaining to southern and southeastern provinces. This could be associated with the higher GHG emission and the lower N content of these regions compared to wheat and maize production regions. Finally, we propose that the collective adoption of green technologies (e.g., comprehensive mitigation and optimal crop pattern practices) and reasonable food trading practices could potentially reduce GHG emissions from the cereal production supply chain, further promoting low-carbon agricultural development and achieving the carbon neutrality of agriculture.
Number of children, Parental Longevity and Health in later life
Authors: Yang Hualei , Wu Yuanyang , Pang Jiahui , Zhang Shuo , Zhang Siqing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The trade-off between fertility and longevity stands or falls in China, concerning the realization of the welfare of the parents in later life. With healthy ageing and the implementation of the three-child policy, the policies will always aim to safeguard the welfare of the elderly and increase the level of fertility. Based on Chinese households, whether this trade-off relationship is established or not is of great significance to family fertility orientation and the welfare in later life.
Methods
Based on data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) from 2008 to 2018, a Cox proportional risk model and an accelerated failure time model were used to examine the impact of the number of children, the number of sons and the number of daughters on longevity.
Results
The study found that the trade-off between childbearing and longevity only existed for those with five or more children, and that for those with fewer than five children, their longevity was not associated with having more children. We further found that having five or more children significantly increased the risk of death for both rural male older adults and urban older adults; and that having a son had a greater negative impact on parental longevity than having a daughter. The timing of childbearing, both too early and late childbearing, adversely affects the longevity of older people.
Conclusions
Based on current policy fertility levels and desire of fertility in family, the negative impact of current fertility patterns on older people's longevity is not present, and promoting fertility and ensuring well-being in later life can be achieved simultaneously. The implications are as follows, firstly, for families, having three children does not affect later life welfare under the three-child policy. Secondly, in terms of fertility support policies, improving fertility services for women while increasing attention to the role of men and fertility services for urban residents; and promoting scientific fertility to avoid the negative effects of unreasonable childbearing behavior.
Silencing FBXO7 suppresses cell growth of H epatocellular c arcinoma through autophagy
Authors: Yi Hong , Li Zhongxun , Xue Wuya , Wang Shaohua , Huang Conggai , Long Hanan , Wang Jianmei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor. However, the mechanisms of the growth, invasion and metastasis of HCC were still unclear. FBXO7 belongs to F-box protein family, which is closely related to tumorigenesis and progression, however, the role of FBXO7 in HCC is still elusive. In this study, we explored the role of FBXO7 in the progression HCC. The expression of FBXO7 in HCC cells was higher than that of normal liver cells. After FBXO7 was silenced by siRNA, the cell proliferation, colony-forming ability, migration and invasion of HCC cells were inhibited. Moreover, the cell cycle of HCC cells was also affected after FBXO7 was silenced, the proportion of cells at G1 phase was increased and the proportion of cells at S phase was decreased. In addition, autophagy of HCC cells was increased after FBXO7 was silenced. In conclusion, FBXO7 may play an oncogenic role in HCC development and progression through autophagy.
A Bat Social call inspired Algorithm for Multi-Agent Foraging
Authors: Jamshidpour Mustafa , Sadeghzadeh Mehdi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a new method to solve the problem of foraging in swarm robotics. This research approach is inspired by the collective behaviours of some species of bats that communicate the location of food or nests to other group using sound signals. A mechanism has been established a mechanism for more effective communication between agents. Within the framework of a self-organizing system without a central controller and through coordination mechanisms in individuals, we propose a way to prevent overcrowding at the point of exploitation and continue exploration. In this research, homogeneous agents, independently , with limited perception and processing ability, can determine and change their role in the group, and according to their role, they perform various tasks and cooperate and interact with other agents, and change and determine the roles of the agents according to rules, social or threshold time is done according to a probabilistic model. We tested the proposed method in a simulation environment and showed the performance of a group of individual agents with minimal cognitive and processing abilities.
Misdiagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor as primary pulmonary myxoid sarcoma: A case report
Authors: Huang Xiang , Luo Shuai , Li Yao , Wang Jinjing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are intermediate biologic neoplasms, whereas primary pulmonary myxoid sarcoma (PPMS) is a rare mesotogenic tumor. However, when pulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastoma occurs with multiple complex pathological histologies, the two diseases can be easily misdiagnosed because of the similarity in the pathological features of both conditions. This phenomenon is a potential diagnostic trap.Case presentation: IMTs with a mass in the left upper lung were reported in a 12-year-old patient. The patient did not exhibit fever, cough, hemoptysis, or chest pain. Surgical excision revealed that the tumors exhibited complex histological morphology. In the abundant myxoid matrix, spindle, ovoid and stellate tumor cells were closely arranged and exhibited negative immunohistochemistry desmin. Second-generation genetic sequencing revealed ALK–TPM3 gene fusion and absence of EWSR1–CREB1 gene fusion. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed positive ALK rearrangement and negative EWSR1 rearrangement. At the five-month follow-up after the operation, the patient exhibited recurrence of pathological conditions. The patient died a month after the follow-up.Conclusion: IMT occurrence in the lungs and with pathological histology of more than two forms can result in misdiagnoses as PPMS. Furthermore, the tumor size, ALK–TPM3 gene fusion, and histological morphology difference may be related to poor prognosis.
CandiHap: a haplotype analysis toolkit for natural variation study
Authors: Li Xukai , Shi Zhiyong , Gao Jianhua , Wang Xingchun , Guo Kai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Haplotype blocks greatly assist association-based mapping of casual candidate genes by significantly reducing the genotyping effort. The gene haplotype, which could be adopted to evaluate the variants of the affected traits captured from the gene region. While there is a rising interest in gene haplotypes, much of the corresponding analyses were carried out manually. CandiHap allows fast and robust haplotype analyses and candidate identification preselection of candidate causal SNPs and InDels from Sanger or next-generation sequencing data. Investigators can use CandiHap to specify a gene or linkage sites based on GWAS and explore favourable haplotypes of candidate genes for target traits. CandiHap can be run on computers with Windows, Mac, or UNIX platforms in graphical user interface or command lines, and applied to any species of plant, animal and microbial. The CandiHap software, user manual, and example datasets are freely available at GitHub: https://github.com/xukaili/CandiHap.
A meta-upscale based end-to-end depth framework for infrared and visible image fusion
Authors: Niu Wemrui , Tang Mingwei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In the recent years, infrared and visible image fusion has been actively explored due to its advantages in various vision-based applications. However,the existing fusion methods only use the output of the last layer in the coded network. The results of fusion are not good as most of the important information in the intermediate layers is lost. In this paper, a meta upscale based end-to-end depth framework for infrared and visible image fusion is proposed. The meta-upscale module can increase the resolution of the multi-scale features without repeatedly training the whole model. Firstly, in the proposed Multi-scale Feature Extraction Module (MFEM), the multi-scale deep features of each source image are extracted and up-scaled by a meta upscale module. Secondly, in the Multi-scale Feature fusion Module (MFM), the L1-Norm strategy-based feature fusion method is developed to fuse the features based on the scaling. Thirdly, the Multi-scale Feature Compensation Module (MFCM), it has dense skip connections, which can preserve signifificant amounts of information from the input data in a multi-scale perspective. In addition, a new content retention loss is proposed to further improve the contrast enhancement approach. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve signifificant results compared tothe state-of-the-art algorithms.
Structural characterization and physicochemical properties of exopolysaccharide from moderate halophile Chromohalobacter salexigens, strain 3EQS1
Authors: Ibrahim Ibrahim M. , Fedonenko Yuliya P. , Sigida Elena N. , Kokoulin Maxim S. , Grinev Vyacheslav S. , Mokrushin Ivan G. , Burygin Gennady L. , Zakharevich Andrey M. , Shirokov Alexander A. , Konnova Svetlana A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A strain, 3EQS1, was isolated from a salt sample taken from Lake Qarun (Fayoum Province, Egypt). On the basis of physiological, biochemical, and phylogenetic analyses, the strain was classified as Chromohalobacter salexigens. By 72 h of growth at 25 °С, strain 3EQS1 produced large amounts (15.1 g L− 1) of exopolysaccharide (EPS) in a liquid mineral medium (initial рН 8.0) containing 10% sucrose and 10% NaCl. The EPS was precipitated from the cell-free culture medium with chilled ethanol and was purified by gel-permeation and anion-exchange chromatography. The molecular mass of the EPS was 0.9×106 Da. Chemical analyses, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that the EPS was a linear β-d-(2→6)-linked fructan (levan). In aqueous solution, the EPS tended to form supramolecular aggregates with a critical aggregation concentration of 240 µg mL-1. The EPS had high emulsifying activity (E24, %) against kerosene (31.2 ± 0.4%), sunflower oil (76.9 ± 1.3%), and crude oil (98.9 ± 0.8%), and it also had surfactant properties. A 0.1% (w/v) aqueous EPS solution reduced the surface tension of water by 11.9%. The levan of C. salexigens 3EQS1 may be useful in various biotechnological processes.
Permissive Hypercapnia and Hypercapnic Hypoxia Inhibit the Signaling Pathways of Neuronal Apoptosis in Ischemic/Hypoxic Rats
Authors: Tregub Pavel , Malinovskaya Natalia , Hilazheva Elena , Morgun Andrey , Kulikov Vladimir 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction: The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that hypercapnia, independently and/or in combination with hypoxia, can activate the signaling pathways for adaptation to hypoxia/ischemia related to inhibiting proapoptotic (caspase-dependent and caspase-independent) and inducing antiapoptotic factors. Methods: Following exposure to permissive hypercapnia and/or normobaric hypoxia, the intensity of apoptosis was evaluated in experimental ischemia models in vivo and in vitro. The percentages of caspase-3, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), Bax, and Bcl-2 in astrocytes and neurons derived from male Wistar rats were also calculated. In vitro, cells were subjected to various types of respiratory exposure (hypoxia and/or hypercapnia for 24 or 12 hours), as well as further sublethal chemical hypoxia. The percentages of these molecules in nerve cells in the ischemic penumbra of the brain after photothrombotic injury were also calculated. Results: It was established that the intensity of apoptosis decreased in the ischemic penumbra, mostly due to the hypercapnic component. It was also discovered that the levels of caspase-3, AIF, and Bax decreased in this area, whereas the level of Bcl-2 increased following exposure to hypercapnia and hypercapnic hypoxia. Discussion: The integrative assessment of the intensity of apoptosis/necrosis in astrocyte and neuron cultures showed that a combination of hypercapnia and hypoxia had the maximum neuroprotective effect. The levels of the mediators of apoptosis in astrocyte and neuron cultures after modeling chemical hypoxia in vitro were calculated. According to the results, the exposure modes combining permissive hypercapnia and normobaric hypoxia also have the most pronounced inhibitory effects on the apoptotic signaling pathways.
Mechanism causing the spatial distribution non- uniformity of the prompt optical crosstalk effect in G- APD cells of Multi-Pixel Photon Counters
Authors: Cao XinYue , Zhang Guoqing , Yang Yaxian , Zhang Chen , Liu Lina , Zhang Chunling , Li Lianbi , Gallina Giacomo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The optical crosstalk effect in Multi-Pixel Photon Counters (MPPC) is unnecessary parasitic effects. The mechanism leading to the non-uniform spatial distribution of the prompt optical crosstalk in MPPCs was investigated in detail herein. The experimental results showed that the optical crosstalk probability (Pct) in MPPCs without optical isolation trenches was clearly non-uniform within the Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode (G-APD) cell. However, the spatial distribution uniformity of Pct in G-APD cells was improved significantly in an MPPC containing optical isolation trenches. The different propagation distances of crosstalk photons emitted from different positions of the source G-APD cell to the nearest neighboring G-APD cell along a straight line, were the main reason for the non-uniform spatial distribution of Pct in the MPPC. According to the experimental results, it can also be inferred that the emission of crosstalk photons is spatially localized during a G-APD cell’s avalanche event, and majority crosstalk photons are emitted during the early stage of the avalanche.
Exploring the possibilities of non-covalently cationized nanocellulose for papermaking
Authors: Aguado Roberto , Tarrés Quim , Mutjé Pere , Pèlach M. Àngels , Delgado-Aguilar Marc 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
As cationic cellulose, despite its long history, has yet to find a place in the paper industry, recent research is assessing the potential of its nanoscale forms. We combined this trend with the existing knowledge of the strong adsorption of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (polyDADMAC) on cellulosic fibers, which can be deemed a non-covalent kind of cationization. For that, polyDADMAC was first anchored to refined kraft pulps from hemp, under conditions that allowed the deprotonation of the hemiacetal groups of cellulose. Conveniently, a highly positively-charged fiber surface remained after thoroughly washing the samples, owing not only to the small proportions of acidic hemicelluloses and lignin, but also to stable ion-dipole interactions. This non-covalent cationization was found to follow pseudo-second order kinetics, indicating that diffusion through the fiber is the rate-controlling step. PolyDADMAC-containing fibers were then fibrillated by high-pressure homogenization. Far from promoting desorption, cationic nanocellulose had greater surface charge than the starting fibers, as the specific surface area increased. Nonetheless, polyDADMAC caused agglomeration of fibrils to a certain extent, resulting in, besides loss of transparency, higher permeability when applied in papermaking by bulk addition. As an advantage, the tensile index increased by up to 57% in the absence of any retention agent.
Fermentation performance of Bacillus subtilis wild type and alsS- mutant using different carbon sources
Authors: Carreón-Rodríguez Ofelia E , Gosset Guillermo , Martinez Alfredo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Bacillus subtilis can metabolize a wide array of sugars under aerobic conditions, including hexoses via the EMP pathway and some pentoses via the pentose phosphate pathway, and secretes amylases, cellulases and hemicellulases. However, studies using different sugars under anaerobic conditions are scarce. B. subtilis can also grow anaerobically by using a terminal electron acceptor or by fermentation metabolizing glucose to lactic acid (LA), butanediol, and other products under non-aerated conditions. B. subtilis ER382 (∆alsS), with the 2,3-butanediol pathway inactivated, was obtained from strain 168 trp+. Such deletion allowed obtaining a homo l-lactogenic strain with increased LA production. B. subtilis ER382 was evaluated in batch cultures with 10 g/L of seven different carbon sources under non-aerated conditions and rich media. B. subtilis ER382 metabolized glucose, fructose, cellobiose, sucrose, and arabinose under non-aerated conditions and produced LA as the only fermentation product. However, strains 168 trp+ and ER382 were unable to ferment and grow on glycerol or starch under the tested conditions. The higher biomass yield and faster rates of sugar consumption (1.01 gSUGAR/L h) and L-LA production (1.32 gLA/L h) were obtained with glucose as the carbon source and the strain containing the alsS deletion. The L-LA yield on consumed sugars was above the theoretical because carbon sources from yeast extract and amino acids from casein hydrolysate were also used for LA synthesis.
Predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes of pregnant mothers with syphilis based on a logistic regression model: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Yu-Wei , Liu Man-Yu , Yu Xing-Hao , He Xiu-Yu , Xu Xiao-Hang , Wang Dong , Liu Xiao , Ma Ya-na 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective: To assess whether a simple predictive model can be composed of risk factors leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) in infants of syphilitic mothers during pregnancy, that can predict the APOs of newborns.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 768 pregnant women with syphilis. They were required to complete a questionnaire. We analyzed the data and divided it into a training set and a test set. In the training set, we screened the predictors, constructed a prediction model and evaluated the prediction performance in the test set.Results: Compared with the APOs group, pregnant women in the non-APOs group participated in a longer treatment course. Course, time of the first antenatal care, gestation week at syphilis diagnosis, and gestation age at delivery in weeks were independent predictors of APOs, and they were used to establish the nomogram. The AUCs of the nomogram were 0.771 (95% CI, 0.708-0.834) and 0.733 (95% CI, 0.638-0.828) in the training and testing sets, respectively.Conclusions: Our study investigated the impact of various characteristics of syphilis pregnant women on pregnancy outcomes and established a prediction model of APOs in Suzhou. The incidence of APOs can be reduced by controlling for these risk factors.
Application of Two-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Radiotherapy-Related Cardiac Systolic Dysfunction and Analysis of Its Risk Factors: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Liu Rong , Xu Li'ang , Wang Lan , Zhao Ziqi , Han Ruoling 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The cardiac toxicity of radiotherapy (RT) can affect cancer survival rates over the long term. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) in early cancer therapy–related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD), and to evaluate the risk factors of CTRCD and their effects on survival.Methods: We ultimately enrolled 40 patients who received RT for thoracic tumors. For each patient, 2D-STE was completed before, during, and after RT and in the follow up. We analyzed the sensitivity of 2D-STE in predicting CTRCD and the relationship between RT parameters and cardiac systolic function decline.Results: Left ventricle global longitudinal strain (LVGLS), LVGLS of the endocardium (LVGLS-Endo), LVGLS of the epicardium (LVGLS-Epi), and free-wall longitudinal strain (FWLS) decreased mid- and post-treatment compared with pre-treatment, whereas traditional parameters such as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiac Tei index (Tei), and peak systolic velocity of the free wall of the tricuspid annulus (s’) did not show any changes. The decreases in the LVGLS and LVGLS-Endo values between post- and pre-treatment and the ratios of the decreases to the baseline values were linearly correlated with mean heart dose (MHD) (all P values < 0.05). The decreases in the LVGLS-Epi values between post- and pre-treatment and the ratios of the decreases to the baseline values were linearly correlated with the percentage of heart volume exposed to 5 Gy or more (V5) (P values < 0.05). The decrease in FWLS and the ratio of the decrease to the baseline value were linearly related to MHD and patient age (all P values < 0.05). Endpoint events occurred more frequently in the right side of the heart than in the left side. Patients over 56.5 years of age had a greater probability of developing right-heart endpoint events. The same was true for patients with MHD over 2020 cGy in both the left and right sides of the heart.Conclusions: 2D-STE could detect damages to the heart earlier and more sensitively than conventional echocardiography. MHD is an important prognostic parameter for LV systolic function, and V5 may also be an important prognostic parameter. MHD and age are important prognostic parameters for right ventricle systolic function.