bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hair Care and Epidemiological-Clinical Profile of Traction Alopecia Among Women in Hair Salons in Yaoundé, Cameroon
Authors: Mbussuh Nzeng Letitia Fiona , Nguefack-Tsague Georges , Kotto Rose , Tounouga Dahlia Noëlle , Sigha Odette Berline , Nkoro Grace Anita , Nida Martine , Kouotou Emmanuel Armand 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Hair is valued by all individuals especially women. The perception of beauty is specific to everyone. In order to fulfil their ideal beauty, women use various methods to modify their hair's appearance. Afro hair is particularly fragile, so using these methods can be particularly deleterious for black women's hair.

Objectives
Describe hair care practices of women living in Yaoundé, determine the prevalence of traction alopecia (TA) and describe its clinical profile.

Methods
We carried out a cross-sectional study in hairdressing saloon in Yaoundé. A questionnaire was administered and scalp exams were performed to determine Marginal TA severity score.

Results
We included 223 women with a mean age of 24.9 ± 7 years. The prevalence of TA was 34.5%. Mild and moderate stages were most represented. As far as haircare is concerned, extensions were regularly used by 95.1% of participants. Wigs were regularly worn by 58.7% of participants. Chemical hair straightening was done by 87.9% of women and was performed twice to thrice a year by 43.9%. Almost 76% of women used hair straightener and hair dryer. Hair washing was done monthly by 43.8% of participants and the main cosmetic used was shampoo (75.3%).

Conclusion
Traction alopecia is a very common disease in women living in Yaoundé. Extensions, wigs and shampooing are their main hair care practices.
The “CEO in context” technique revisited: A replication and extension of Hambrick and Quigley (2014)
Authors: Keller Tobias , Glaum Martin , Bausch Andreas , Bunz Thorsten 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryHambrick and Quigley's (2014) “CEO in context” (CiC) technique leads to a much larger CEO effect than traditional ANOVA or multilevel modeling. We replicate H&Q's study, apply their CiC technique to a much more comprehensive U.S. sample, and assess the sensitivity of the model findings to variations in method and data. We generally confirm H&Q's finding of a high CEO effect, but find a smaller industry effect and a larger firm effect in our much larger sample. Applying the CiC technique with adjusted R2s has only a moderate impact on year, industry, and firm effects, but markedly reduces the CEO effect. We also document that CiC model findings are sensitive to sample characteristics, namely firm size and CEO tenure.Managerial SummaryHambrick and Quigley (2014) introduced a new method to analyze the influence of CEOs on firm performance. The study's empirical analysis focused on large U.S. firms. We replicate the original study and extend it to a much larger, comprehensive sample of U.S. firms that is composed of 33,996 firm‐year observations, compared to 4,866 firm‐years in the original study. Controlling for the number of variables used in the estimations, the model attributes about a third of the total variance of firm performance (ROA) to the CEO. Further analyses show that the model findings differ for firms of different size and CEO tenure; the larger the firms and the longer the CEO tenures, the smaller tends to be the percentage of variance explained by the CEO.
Advanced Flame Treatment
Authors: Holländer Andreas , Mancinelli Stefano 
Published: August 2022

SummaryFlame treatments are applied on large industrial scale for the surface activation of polymers. The process of flame treatment of polymers can be improved by combining it with the treatment with an aerosol of a solution of a functional polymer. It was shown that it results in the covalent binding of the polymer molecules at the surface. This approach was demonstrated with PP and PET films as substrates and with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) as a functionalizing polymers in continuous processes at up 50 m/min. PAA introduces carboxylic acid groups and PEI gives rise to amino groups at the surface. This approach opens up a completely new range of functionality, which is not accessible with a flame treatment only. The amino groups allow improved properties for the adhesive joining with epoxy or urethane resins, in lamination processes, or for metallization. The functionalization was found to be stable for at least one year of storage and it resists washing with water and isopropanol.
Plasma Nanocoating of Nonwovens
Authors: Legein Filip , Loulidi Sam 
Published: August 2022

SummaryLow pressure plasma polymerization is a unique technology to deposit ultrathin coatings on all exposed surfaces of a material or product. It is increasingly used in the manufacturing of nonwo‐vens to achieve functionalities such as hydrophilic, hydrophobic, oleophobic or dielectric. Improvements in process and machine design allow to deposit the coatings in a very cost effective way, with a process that is completely dry and clean. The article will start with a short introduction of low pressure plasma polymerization technology. Then it will review industrial concepts for both batch and roll‐to‐roll treatment. An overview will be given of typical coating chemistries used for such coatings. Subsequently recent advances will be discussed using real industrial case studies. The article will conclude with an overview of the societal and environmental benefits of low pressure plasma technology.
Flame coatings by CCVD (Pyrosil) for R2R applications
Authors: Schimanski Arnd , Kretzschmar Björn S.M. 
Published: August 2022

SummaryMost optical, electrical, mechanical or biological active thin films are deposited using the well known and established vacuum based physical vapor deposition and chemical vapor deposition methods. The deposition of thin functional layers under atmospheric pressure conditions is an attractive alternative for especially large‐area coatings like roll to roll applications (R2R). In recent years many different methods have been established for various applications. Particularly the flame‐based techniques offer a cost‐effective solution.The basic principles of the flame‐based deposition techniques are shown and the technical realization is given by means of selected examples of the current research and developments. The formation of silicone oxide layers with a wide range of properties is investigated in detail. Applications like adhesion promotion, optical effective and barrier layers are reviewed.
Experimental Investigation of Tritium Compatible Stainless Steel Roots Pumps
Authors: Banerjee Indranil , Schopphoff Andreas , Hughes Shaun , Pearce Robert , Nasluzov Sergei 
Published: August 2022

SummaryPart 1 of this paper describes the experiments performed to qualify the Roots pump Okta 1500 M for tritium applications at ITER. In Part 2, the goal was to define performance limits in normal operation mode. These performance limits led to some suggestions and optimization of operating parameters in order to enhance the performance of the pump. These modifications are mainly meant for introducing the purge gas into mechanical seals. This pump is the first pump equipped with dedicated gas lubricated mechanical seals capable to withstand tritium. The task of the experiments described in the article is to discover the best performance as well as the lowest influence of any kind of purge gases leaking into the process gas for tritium. The experiment was also designed to confirm that the pump mechanical seal is rugged against cross migration of process gas to ensure confinement integrity in operation range. With these suggested modifications, the pump should be even better suited for ITER's specification and commercial fusion power applications.
Combined use of non‐laboratory methods for the practical diagnosis of endometritis in postpartum dairy cows
Authors: Kusaka Hiromi , Kimura Taketoki , Nishimoto Namiko , Sakaguchi Minoru 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground: Postpartum endometritis can cause subfertility in cows and reduce the reproductive performance of dairy herds. Thus, there is a critical need to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of this disease, particularly in dairy cows.Objectives: This study confirmed the effects of the combined use of two non‐laboratory methods: Metricheck device (MT) and ultrasonography (UT) to detect signs of endometritis and therefore predict the likelihood of pregnancy.Methods: The reproductive tract of 67 lactating Holstein cows (25 primiparous and 42 multiparous) was observed at 4 and 6 weeks postpartum using the MT and UT. The cows with flecks and more purulent material in the vaginal discharge were defined as MT‐positive, and the cows with uterine echogenic contents were defined as UT‐positive. The combined definition was also used; both the UT and MT results or either the UT or MT result had to be positive for the final decision to be positive. The true‐negative cows were determined as both MT‐UT‐negative.Results and discussionWhen comparing the diagnostic results obtained by MT and UT, 37.3% and 32.8% of the total cows showed conflicting results at 4 and 6 weeks postpartum. The proportion of non‐pregnant cows until 200 days postpartum was significantly greater in both MT‐UT‐positive cows than in the true negative cows. The hazard ratios of pregnancy rate were 0.37 for both MT‐UT‐positives relative to the true negatives at 4 weeks postpartum. Similar significant differences were not detected using the MT or UT alone. These results indicate that a more severe effect on the chance of pregnancy could be detected in cows that are both MT‐UT‐positive compared with those positive for MT or UT alone.Conclusions: The combined use of MT and UT could support veterinary practitioners in diagnosing endometritis, potentially improving the accuracy of predicting subsequent reproductive performance.
Hematological and serum biochemical parameters of the captive long‐legged buzzard (Buteo rufinus) in Iran
Authors: Kordestani Hesamodin , Abdi‐Hachesoo Bahman , Bakhshaei Farnoosh , Safaeian Shirin , Nazifi Saeed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough normal haematological and serum biochemical values for both pet and wild birds have been published, little information is available on the haematological and serum biochemical values in long‐legged buzzards (Buteo rufinus).ObjectivesThis is the first study that aimed to define reference values of haematological, biochemical parameters, and protein electrophoretic fractions of long‐legged buzzards in Iran.MethodsBlood samples were collected from 30 clinically healthy adult long‐legged buzzards of both sexes. Hematological, biochemical parameters, and protein electrophoretic fractions were measured. The mean and standard deviations were calculated.ResultsMean values for red blood cells, packed cell volume, haemoglobin, and white blood cells were 2.72 ± 0.60 ×106/μl, 39.10 ± 3.70%, 13.45 ± 1.30 g/dl, and 3.92 ± 1.39 ×103/μl, respectively. Mean values for biochemistry parameters were total protein 4.46 ± 1.27 g/dl, albumin 1.78 ± 0.55 g/dl, creatinine 0.54 ± 0.22 mg/dl, uric acid 7.81 ± 2.89 mg/dl, calcium 9.63 ± 2.22 mg/dl, phosphorus 4.31 ± 1.00 mg/dl, glucose 398.87 ± 96.90 mg/dl, blood urea nitrogen 10.46 ± 3.85 mg/dl, alkaline phosphatase 127.01 ± 1.46 IU/L, aspartate aminotransferase 262.22 ± 116.30 IU/L, and alanine aminotransferase 56.63 ± 27.85 IU/L. Mean values for serum protein fractions included pre‐albumin, albumin, α‐1 globulin, α‐2 globulin, β‐ globulin, and ϒ‐globulin was 0.20 ± 0.09, 2.35 ± 0.67, 0.28 ± 0.13, 0.32 ± 0.07, 0.62 ± 0.24, and 0.68 ± 0.53 g/dl, respectively.ConclusionThe reference data presented in this study can be used as health assessment values for veterinary laboratories and clinicians when developing release criteria for rehabilitated long‐legged buzzards.
Ultrasonographic and radiographic features of a true gastrogastric intussusception with spontaneous resolution in a cat
Authors: Huguet Elodie E. , Spoldi Elisa , Guarino Aria , Cooke Kirsten L. , Roberts John F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn 11‐year‐old, female spayed, domestic shorthair cat with a 1‐week history of vomiting was diagnosed with a gastrogastric intussusception using ultrasound. Distinguishing ultrasonographic findings included invagination of the gastric fundus into the body and were correlated to radiographs acquired at the time of the evaluation. Spontaneous resolution of the gastrogastric intussusception was observed on a positive‐contrast upper gastrointestinal fluoroscopic study done the following day. Due to worsening comorbidities, which most significantly included chronic renal disease and pancreatitis, and declining quality of life, the patient was humanely euthanized 10 months later. Necropsy revealed no gross and histopathologic abnormalities associated with the stomach. A definitive cause for the intussusception remains unknown.
Diligo 2.0: A Pilot Study for the Use of a Mobile App to Assess School Readiness
Authors: Diano Federico , Ferrara Fabrizio , Rosa Alessia , Ponticorvo Michela 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDiligo 2.0 is a mobile app designed as a serious game to assess spatial and numerical cognition as key elements of the school readiness concept in association with a preference for slow and fast thinking strategies. School readiness is a key concept for the future development of cognitive and emotional abilities of children, and it is highly correlated with academic success. The app is also focused on evaluating a preference for slow or fast thinking activities. The Diligo 2.0 app has been developed for Android platform and has been distributed in two Italian schools as a pilot study with 44 children. Usage data have been collected and are discussed in this paper to show possible directions for this kind of digital tool both for assessment and for training children's abilities.
Sertoli cell survival and barrier function are regulated by miR-181c/d-Pafah1b1 axis during mammalian spermatogenesis
Authors: Feng Yue , Chen Dake , Wang Tiansu , Zhou Jiawei , Xu Wenning , Xiong Hao , Bai Rong , Wu Shang , Li Jialian , Li Fenge 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSertoli cells contribute to the formation of the blood-testis barrier (BTB), which is necessary for normal spermatogenesis. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as posttranscriptional regulatory elements in BTB function during spermatogenesis. Our previous study has shown that miR-181c or miR-181d (miR-181c/d) is highly expressed in testes from boars at 60 days old compared with at 180 days old. Herein, we found that overexpression of miR-181c/d via miR-181c/d mimics in murine Sertoli cells (SCs) or through injecting miR-181c/d-overexpressing lentivirus in murine testes perturbs BTB function by altering BTB-associated protein distribution at the Sertoli cell–cell interface and F-actin organization, but this in vivo perturbation disappears approximately 6 weeks after the final treatment. We also found that miR-181c/d represses Sertoli cell proliferation and promotes its apoptosis. Moreover, miR-181c/d regulates Sertoli cell survival and barrier function by targeting platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 1b regulatory subunit 1 (Pafah1b1) gene. Furthermore, miR-181c/d suppresses PAFAH1B1 expression, reduces the complex of PAFAH1B1 with IQ motif-containing GTPase activating protein 1, and inhibits CDC42/PAK1/LIMK1/Cofilin pathway which is required for F-actin stabilization. In total, our results reveal the regulatory axis of miR-181c/d-Pafah1b1 in cell survival and barrier function of Sertoli cells and provide additional insights into miRNA functions in mammalian spermatogenesis.
Dimension Independent Atomic Decomposition for Dyadic Martingale $$ \pmb {{\mathbb {H}}}^{1}$$
Authors: Paluszynski Maciej , Zienkiewicz Jacek 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe introduce atoms for dyadic atomic $${\mathbb {H}}^1$$

H

1

for which the equivalence between the atomic and maximal function definitions is dimension independent. We give sharp, up to $$\log (d)$$

log
(
d
)

factor, estimates for the $${{\mathbb {H}}^1}\rightarrow L^1$$

H

1

→

L
1

norm of the special maximal function.
Residual stresses in adhesively bonded wood determined by a bilayer flexion reporter system
Authors: Maas Jonas Matthias , Grönquist Phillipe , Furrer Jennifer , Studer Vanessa , Malvetti Anselmo , Rüggeberg Markus , Wittel Falk K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe application of adhesives in modern timber engineering often introduces moisture into the wood, leading to permanent residual stresses after hardening. This paper proposes a novel approach to assess these residual stresses by using wooden bilayers as a reporter system. For thin bilayers, moisture-induced stresses lead to pronounced visible flexion that can be used to identify the stress-driving parameters of the adhesive’s gelation process. These parameters depend solely on the wood/adhesive combination and are inversely determined by fitting a finite element method model on the experimentally obtained flexion state. In a subsequent step, the determined parameters are used to calculate the residual stresses in the adhesive bondline of cross-laminated timber plates, emphasizing this approach’s scale independence and general applicability to larger scale structures. All combinations of European beech and Norway spruce with the adhesives Melamine–Urea–Formaldehyde (MUF), Phenol–Resorcinol–Formaldehyde (PRF), and Polyurethane (PUR) were investigated.
Utility of pre-treatment FDG PET/CT–derived machine learning models for outcome prediction in classical Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Frood Russell , Clark Matt , Burton Cathy , Tsoumpas Charalampos , Frangi Alejandro F. , Gleeson Fergus , Patel Chirag , Scarsbrook Andrew 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Relapse occurs in ~20% of patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) despite treatment adaption based on 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography response. The objective was to evaluate pre-treatment FDG PET/CT–derived machine learning (ML) models for predicting outcome in patients with cHL.

Methods
All cHL patients undergoing pre-treatment PET/CT at our institution between 2008 and 2018 were retrospectively identified. A 1.5 × mean liver standardised uptake value (SUV) and a fixed 4.0 SUV threshold were used to segment PET/CT data. Feature extraction was performed using PyRadiomics with ComBat harmonisation. Training (80%) and test (20%) cohorts stratified around 2-year event-free survival (EFS), age, sex, ethnicity and disease stage were defined. Seven ML models were trained and hyperparameters tuned using stratified 5-fold cross-validation. Area under the curve (AUC) from receiver operator characteristic analysis was used to assess performance.

Results
A total of 289 patients (153 males), median age 36 (range 16–88 years), were included. There was no significant difference between training (n = 231) and test cohorts (n = 58) (p value > 0.05). A ridge regression model using a 1.5 × mean liver SUV segmentation had the highest performance, with mean training, validation and test AUCs of 0.82 ± 0.002, 0.79 ± 0.01 and 0.81 ± 0.12. However, there was no significant difference between a logistic model derived from metabolic tumour volume and clinical features or the highest performing radiomic model.

Conclusions
Outcome prediction using pre-treatment FDG PET/CT–derived ML models is feasible in cHL patients. Further work is needed to determine optimum predictive thresholds for clinical use.

Key points
• A fixed threshold segmentation method led to more robust radiomic features.
• A radiomic-based model for predicting 2-year event-free survival in classical Hodgkin lymphoma patients is feasible.
• A predictive model based on ridge regression was the best performing model on our dataset.
Second and third harmonic generation from simultaneous high peak- and high average-power thin disk laser
Authors: Andral U. , Walch P. , Moreno V. , Mahieu B. , Produit T. , Lozano M. , Bizet L. , Herkommer C. , Moret M. , André Y.-B. , Krötz P. , Metzger T. , Michel K. , Mysyrowicz A. , Kasparian J. , Lupinski D. , Houard A. , Wolf J.-P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe report Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) and Third Harmonic Generation (THG) energy conversion efficiencies up to 59% and 27%, respectively, for laser pulses simultaneously delivering high peak power in the sub-TW range and average powers in the sub-kW range. No damage or efficiency decrease is observed after more than 100 h operation time. The resulting high-energy visible and near-UV pulses are suitable for applications, such as lightning control, material analysis and machining, or OPCPA pumping.
Einstein’s second-biggest blunder: the mistake in the 1936 gravitational-wave manuscript of Albert Einstein and Nathan Rosen
Authors: Blum Alexander S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn a 1936 manuscript submitted to the Physical Review, Albert Einstein and Nathan Rosen famously claimed that gravitational waves do not exist. It has generally been assumed that there was a conceptual error underlying this fallacious claim. It will be shown, through a detailed study of the extant referee report, that this claim was probably only the result of a calculational error, the accidental use of a pathological coordinate transformation.
Multidisciplinary and standardized management of patients with delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Abdulazim Amr , Küppers Carla , Hackenberg Katharina A. M. , Neumaier-Probst Eva , Alzghloul Mohamad Mansour , Krebs Jörg , Thiel Manfred , Lingsma Hester , Rinkel Gabriel J. E. , Groden Christoph , Etminan Nima 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
The appropriate management of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the effect of implementing a standardized protocol for detection and management of DCI after aSAH on cerebral infarction and functional outcome.

Methods
We studied two cohorts of aSAH patients, one before (pre-implementation cohort: January 2012 to August 2014) and one after (post-implementation cohort: January 2016 to July 2018) implementation of a multidisciplinary approach, with standardized neurological and radiological assessment and risk-based medical treatment of DCI. We assessed the presence of new hypodensities on CT within 6 weeks after aSAH and categorized cerebral infarction into overall and DCI-related infarctions (hypodensities not within 48 h after IA repair and not attributable to aneurysm occlusion or intraparenchymal hematoma). Functional outcome was assessed at 3 months using the extended Glasgow outcome scale (eGOS), dichotomized into unfavorable (eGOS: 1–5) and favorable (eGOS: 6–8). We calculated odds ratios (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI’s), and adjusted for age, WFNS grade, Fisher score, and treatment modality (aOR).

Results
In the post-implementation (n = 158) versus the pre-implementation (n = 143) cohort the rates for overall cerebral infarction were 29.1% vs 46.9% (aOR: 0.41 [0.24–0.69]), for DCI-related cerebral infarction 17.7% vs. 31.5% (aOR: 0.41 [0.23–0.76]), and for unfavorable functional outcome at 3 months 37.3% vs. 53.8% (aOR: 0.30 [0.17–0.54]). For patients with DCI, the rates for unfavorable functional outcomes at 3 months in the post-implementation versus the pre-implementation cohort were 42.3% vs. 77.8% (aOR: 0.1 [0.03–0.27]).

Conclusions
A multidisciplinary approach with more frequent and standardized neurological assessment, standardized CT and CT perfusion monitoring, as well as tailored application of induced hypertension and invasive rescue therapy strategies, is associated with a significant reduction of cerebral infarction and unfavorable functional outcome after aneurysmal aSAH.