bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cranioplasty Using Three-Dimensional–Printed Polycaprolactone Implant and Free Latissimus Dorsi Musculocutaneous Flap in a Patient with Repeated Wound Problem following Titanium Cranioplasty
Authors: Koo Hee Tae , Oh Jeongseok , Heo Chan Yeong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTitanium mesh is an alloplastic material widely used for the reconstruction of moderate-to-large skull defects. Repeated wound problems or infection following these reconstructions inevitably lead to the replacement of the cranioplasty material. Among the various alloplastic materials, polycaprolactone implants are usually used for the coverage of small defects such as burr holes. 1 Herein, we present a case of a large cranial defect successfully reconstructed with three-dimensional-printed polycaprolactone implant and a free latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap. Until 1-year follow-up, the patient showed a favorable esthetic outcome with no complications or wound relapse.
Tissue Expanders in Staged Calvarial Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lo Andrea Y. , Yu Roy P. , Raghuram Anjali C. , Cooper Michael N. , Thompson Holly J. , Liu Charles Y. , Wong Alex K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCranioplasties are common procedures in plastic surgery. The use of tissue expansion (TE) in staged cranioplasties is less common. We present two cases of cranioplasties with TE and systematically review literature describing the use of TE in staged cranioplasties and postoperative outcomes. A systematic review was performed by querying multiple databases. Eligible articles include published case series, retrospective reviews, and systematic reviews that described use of TE for staged bony cranioplasty. Data regarding study size, patient demographics, preoperative characteristics, staged procedure characteristics, and postoperative outcomes were collected. Of 755 identified publications, 26 met inclusion criteria. 85 patients underwent a staged cranioplasty with TE. Average defect size was 122 cm2, and 30.9% of patients received a previous reconstruction. Average expansion period was 14.2 weeks. The most common soft tissue closures were performed with skin expansion only (75.3%), free/pedicled flap (20.1%), and skin graft (4.7%). The mean postoperative follow-up time was 23.9 months. Overall infection and local complication rates were 3.53 and 9.41%, respectively. The most common complications were cerebrospinal fluid leak (7.1%), hematoma (7.1%), implant exposure (3.5%), and infection (3.5%). Factors associated with higher complication rates include the following: use of alloplastic calvarial implants and defects of congenital etiology (p = 0.023 and 0.035, respectively). This is the first comprehensive review to describe current practices and outcomes in staged cranioplasty with TE. Adequate soft tissue coverage contributes to successful cranioplasties and TE can play a safe and effective role in selected cases.
Vulvar Reconstruction Using Keystone Flaps Based on the Perforators of Three Arteries
Authors: Lee Yunjae , Lee Sanghun , Lee Dongkyu , Yeo Hyeonjung , Park Hannara , Park Hyochun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVarious flaps are used to reconstruct skin and soft tissue defects of the vulva following resection of malignancies. Whenever possible, reconstruction using local flaps is the standard treatment. Here, we describe vulvar defect reconstruction using keystone flaps. Standard keystone flaps are based on randomly located vascular perforators. However, we designed a keystone flap that includes perforators of three named arteries (the anterior labial artery of the external pudendal artery, cutaneous branches of the obturator artery, and posterior labial artery of the internal pudendal artery) and the pudendal nerve, which accompanies the internal pudendal artery. Four patients with squamous cell carcinoma and extramammary Paget's disease of the vulva underwent radical vulvectomy and keystone flaps including perforators of three arteries. Depending on the morphology of the defects, keystone flaps were used with different designs. For elliptical and unilateral vulvar defects, a standard keystone flap was designed, and for defects on both sides of the vulva, a double opposing keystone flap was used. For oval defects, the omega variant keystone flap was designed, and when the morphology of the defect needed rotation of the flap, a rotational keystone flap was designed. All the patients showed good function and sensation, with an acceptable cosmetic appearance.
Trueness and Precision of Eight Intraoral Scanners with Different Finishing Line Designs: A Comparative In Vitro Study
Authors: Falih Mina Yahia , Majeed Manhal A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy in terms of trueness and precision of eight intraoral scanners (IOS) and the effect of different finishing line designs on the IOS's accuracy.
Materials and Methods Three printed models of the maxillary arch with maxillary right first molar virtually prepared with chamfer, shoulder, and vertical preparation designs were used as master models in this study. Each model was scanned 30 times with each IOS: Medit i700, Planscan Emerald S, CEREC Primescan, TRIOS 3, CS3600, MEDIT i500, Heron 3Disc, and Cerec Omnicam. The trueness was measured by superimposition of the scanned dataset made with IOS and the scanned dataset made with a lab scanner (In Lab Medit T710) that was used as a reference and the deviation was measured and expressed as a color-coded map by the metrology program (Medit compare, version 2.3.5.892), while precision was measured by the superimposition of the scans of each IOS on each other.The data were analyzed statistically using repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, one-way ANOVA test, and Bonferroni test at significance level of 0.05.
Results The tested IOS showed significant differences in trueness and precision. Medit i700 and CEREC Primescan recorded the highest precision with no significant difference between them, while Medit i700 recorded the highest trueness as compared to other IOS. Each IOS showed significant differences in trueness and precision with the three finishing line designs except CEREC Primescan and Heron 3 disc that showed no significant difference in trueness with the three finishing line designs and CS3600 that showed no significant difference in precision with the three finishing line designs.
Conclusion A significant difference in accuracy was found among the tested IOS and the type of finishing line design had a significant effect on IOS's accuracy.
Predicting a Child's Oral Health Status from the Mother's Oral Health Behavior
Authors: Utomo Afra Fahira Rissetyo , Iskandarsyah Aulia , Setiawan Arlette Suzy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective A mother has a decisive role in maintaining children's oral health, especially before the child is of preschool age. The behavior of mother becomes a source of learning for children who can determine the child's condition, including health behavior. This study analyzes the relationship between maternal oral health behavior and children's oral health status.
Materials and Methods The research methodology used is a quantitative observational study with a cross-sectional approach to determine the oral health behavior of mothers and children's oral health status. The population of this study were mothers with their first child aged between 3 and 5 years in Tanjungsari, Tanjungsari, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia. The sampling method and technique used nonrandom and consecutive sampling from six health center units which yielded 46 mothers. Correlation analysis was done with chi-squared validity statistical test and Spearman rank correlation.
Results The score for the mother's oral health behavior was 75.54, while the score for the child's oral health status was 54.46. The results of the Spearman rank correlation test showed that the maternal oral health behavior score's correlation coefficient (r) was 0.198 (p-value: 0.188). The calculation of the Spearman rank correlation shows that the mother's oral health behavior affects the child's oral health status in the food and beverage consumption selection.
Conclusion Based on all indicators of maternal oral health behavior studied, the behavior in maternal food and beverage consumption has a relationship with the child's oral health status, namely the better the behavior in the mother's food and drink consumption, the better the child's oral health status. Other indicators of oral health behavior did not show any relationship with the oral health status of children.
Knowledge and Attitudes on Preventing and Treating Dentin Hypersensitivity and Its Predicting Factors: A Cross-sectional Study with Brazilian Citizens
Authors: Mosquim Victor , Carneiro Gabriela Utrago , Foratori-Junior Gerson Aparecido , Honório Heitor Marques , Gillam David Geoffrey , Wang Linda 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives Most dental schools have included dentin hypersensitivity (DH) as part of their taught curriculum to educate undergraduates; however, it is possible that the public still does not recognize its symptoms and the factors that predispose to the onset of this condition. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of a Brazilian population regarding the prevention and treatment of DH and to identify what self-reported factors can serve as predictors of the frequency of DH.
Materials and Methods An online questionnaire investigated the demographic characteristics, oral health self-perception and attitudes, and DH prevention and treatment measures of 226 participants.
Statistical analysis Data were analyzed descriptively and by a multiple linear regression with DH frequency score as the dependent variable (α < 0.05).
Results Total 61.1% of females (n = 138) and 38.9% of males (n = 88) (mean age: 35.1 ± 12.2 years) completed the questionnaire. The sample's mean DH frequency score (minimum 0; maximum 20) was 4.2 and classified as low, with 19.1% using desensitizing products and 22.1% reporting having noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs). When experiencing DH episodes, 21.2% never and 30.1% rarely scheduled dental appointments. Regression analysis retrieved a significant final model (F [5,220] = 12.047; p < 0.001; R
2 = 0.215).
Conclusion This study identified that 36.7% and 18.6% of the sample were unaware that DH can be both prevented and treated, respectively. Moreover, the presence of NCCLs, frequency of daily toothbrushing, use of desensitizing products, presence of DH modulating factors, and the presence of parafunctional habits symptoms served as predictors of DH frequency.
Electromyographic Evaluations of Masticatory Muscle Activity between Patients with Skeletal Class I and III Relationships
Authors: Kulchutisin Pakwan , Sowithayasakul Thanaporn , Pumklin Jittima , Piyapattamin Thosapol 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to compare the muscle activity of the masseter muscle (MM) and anterior temporal muscle (TA) of patients with skeletal Class I and III during maximum voluntary clenching (MVC) at the intercuspal position (ICP) and during chewing.
Materials and Methods Twenty patients were divided into Steiner's skeletal Class I and III groups. MM and TA activity during each task was measured by using surface electromyography. Averaged MM and TA activity during both tasks, symmetry of each muscle activity, synergy between ipsilateral MMs and TAs, and muscle effort were compared.
Statistical Analysis Means and standard deviations of intergroup variables were compared by an independent sample t-test for parametric evaluations or by the Mann–Whitney U test for nonparametric evaluations. A probability value of p less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results Averaged MM activity and muscle synergy during MVC at the ICP in skeletal Class III patients were lower than that in skeletal Class I patients. Neither symmetry nor muscle effort during both tasks was different.
Conclusion Masticatory muscle performance of skeletal Class III patients was inferior to that of skeletal Class I patients.
Superthin Flap Harvesting Procedure: Technical Note
Authors: Calabrese Sara , Innocenti Marco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap has been extensively discussed in the literature as it allows for a wide variety and depth of tissues for complex wound coverage. Thanks to many cadaveric and angiographic studies of the subdermal plexus, it is to date ascertained that tailoring ALT thickness can be safely performed without compromising flap outcomes or causing additional morbidity. Recently, the authors applied and described a simpler, safer, and less time-consuming superthin ALT perforator (ALTP) free flap harvesting technique. The aim of this article is to show the versatility of the adipofascial flap harvested around the chosen perforators, which allowed us to safely expand the usage of ALTP superthin flaps.
Evolution of Anatomical Studies on the Arterial, Venous, and Lymphatic System in Plastic Surgery
Authors: Woo Soo Jin , Koo Hee Tae , Park Seong Oh , Suami Hiroo , Chang Hak 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAnatomies of the vascular and lymphatic systems have been vital research topics in reconstructive surgery. Harvey was a pioneer who provided the earliest descriptions of the cutaneous vasculature in the 17th century. The concept of vascular territories of the skin was first described by Manchot. The radiographic injection method in cadavers was developed by Salman, who defined more than 80 vascular territories. The arterial system has been thoroughly investigated with the development of regional and free flaps. The concept of axial and random pattern flaps was introduced by McGregor and Morgan. Manchot's vascular territories were refined by Taylor and Palmer as the angiosome concept. Detailed information about the venous circulation is essential for reconstructive surgeries. The concept of intrinsic and extrinsic venocutaneous vascular systems was introduced by Nakajima and led to the development of the venoadipofascial flap. The importance of venous augmentation in flap survival was emphasized by Chang. The lymphatic system was discovered much later than the arterial and venous systems. Aselli was credited for discovering the lacteal vessels in the 17th century; mercury was popularly used as a contrast agent to distinguish lymphatic vessels for the next three centuries. A radiographic method in cadavers was developed by Suami. Lymphatic imaging devices are constantly upgrading, and photoacoustic imaging was recently introduced for three-dimensional visualization of architecture of superficial layers of the lymphatic and venous systems.
Legal Weakness, Investment Risks, and Distressed Acquisitions: Evidence from Russian Regions
Authors: Iwasaki Ichiro , Adachi Yuko 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper traces the survival status of 93,260 Russian business firms in the period of 2007–2019 and empirically examines the determinants of the acquisition of financially distressed companies (i.e., distressed acquisitions). We found that, of 93,260 firms, 50,743 failed in management, and among these distressed firms, 10,110 were rescued by acquisition during the observation period. Our empirical results indicate that, in Russian regions, the weakness of the legal system tends to increase the probability of distressed acquisitions, while other socioeconomic risks negatively affect it. These tendencies are common in most industries and regions. It is also revealed that, in the most-developed area, monotown enterprises are more likely than other firms to be bailed out by acquisition after management failure, but it is not always true for the whole federation.
One-pot liquid-phase synthesis of MoS2-WS2 van der waals heterostructures for broadband photodetection
Authors: Bose Shaona , Mukherjee Subhrajit , Jana Subhajit , Srivastava Sanjeev Kumar , Ray Samit Kumar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Two dimensional (2D) van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) have unique potential in facilitating the stacking of layers of different 2D materials for optoelectronic devices with superior characteristics. However, the fabrication of large area all-2D heterostructures is still challenging towards realizing practical devices at a reduced cost. In the present work, we have demonstrated a rapid yet simple, impurity-free and efficient sonication-assisted chemical exfoliation approach to synthesize hybrid vdWHs based on 2D molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) and tungsten disulphide (WS2), with high yield. Microscopic and spectroscopic studies have confirmed the successful exfoliation of layered 2D materials and formation of their hybrid heterostructures. The co-existence of 2D MoS2 and WS2 in the vdWH hybrids is established by optical absorption and Raman shift measurements along with their chemical stiochiometry determined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The spectral response of the vdWH/Si (2D/3D) heterojunction photodetector fabricated using the as-synthesized material is found to exhibit broadband photoresponse compared to that of the individual 2D MoS2 and WS2 devices. The peak responsivity and detectivity are found to be as high as ∼2.15 A W−1 and 2.05 × 1011 Jones, respectively for an applied bias of –5 V. The ease of fabrication with appreciable performance of the chemically synthesized vdWH-based devices have revealed their potential use for large area optoelectronic applications on Si-compatible CMOS platforms.
Atypical architectural distortion detection in digital breast tomosynthesis: a computer-aided detection model with adaptive receptive field
Authors: Li Yue , He Zilong , Pan Jiawei , Zeng Weixiong , Liu Jialing , Zeng Zhaodong , Xu Weimin , Xu Zeyuan , Wang Sina , Wen Chanjuan , Zeng Hui , Wu Jiefang , Ma Xiangyuan , Chen Weiguo , Lu Yao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective. In digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), architectural distortion (AD) is a breast lesion that is difficult to detect. Compared with typical ADs, which have radial patterns, identifying a typical ADs is more difficult. Most existing computer-aided detection (CADe) models focus on the detection of typical ADs. This study focuses on atypical ADs and develops a deep learning-based CADe model with an adaptive receptive field in DBT. Approach. Our proposed model uses a Gabor filter and convergence measure to depict the distribution of fibroglandular tissues in DBT slices. Subsequently, two-dimensional (2D) detection is implemented using a deformable-convolution-based deep learning framework, in which an adaptive receptive field is introduced to extract global features in slices. Finally, 2D candidates are aggregated to form the three-dimensional AD detection results. The model is trained on 99 positive cases with ADs and evaluated on 120 AD-positive cases and 100 AD-negative cases. Main results. A convergence-measure-based model and deep-learning model without an adaptive receptive field are reproduced as controls. Their mean true positive fractions (MTPF) ranging from 0.05 to 4 false positives per volume are 0.3846 ± 0.0352 and 0.6501 ± 0.0380, respectively. Our proposed model achieves an MTPF of 0.7148 ± 0.0322, which is a significant improvement (p < 0.05) compared with the other two methods. In particular, our model detects more atypical ADs, primarily contributing to the performance improvement. Significance. The adaptive receptive field helps the model improve the atypical AD detection performance. It can help radiologists identify more ADs in breast cancer screening.
The influence of oxygen concentration on the hollow cathode discharge in He/O2 mixed gas
Authors: He Shoujie , Zhao Lifen , Ha Jing , Fan Weili , Li Qing 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hollow cathode discharge in He/O2 mixed gas is simulated using a two-dimensional fluid model for the first time. The model contains 15 particles and 66 reactions. The evolutions of discharge current, electric field, charged and reactive particles with different oxygen concentrations are obtained. The primary mechanisms of generation and loss for particles under different oxygen concentrations are discussed. The results show that the added O2 in helium has both positive and negative effects on the discharge. The discharge does not monotonically change with the increasing oxygen concentration. When the oxygen concentration is low, oxygen admixture could enhance the discharge, that is, the discharge current, radial electric field, electron density,

O

2

+

density, O density, and the O(1D) density increase with the increase of oxygen concentration. When the oxygen concentration is high, it will weaken discharge, that is, the discharge current, radial electric field, electron density,

O

2

+

density, O density, and the O(1D) density decrease with the increase of oxygen concentration. The main reactive particles in discharge are O and O(1D). These densities are much higher than the density of charged particles. The optimal oxygen concentration for O and O(1D) is 0.5% and 0.4%, and the corresponding maximum density is 4.34 × 1013 cm−3 and 1.50 × 1013 cm−3. The generation and loss rates for these particles at different oxygen concentrations are calculated, which contributes to the change in particle densities.
Charge state and Energy distribution of carbon ions and protons emitted from laser-produced graphite plasma
Authors: Abbasi Shahab Ahmed , Ilyas Bushra , Dogar Ashiq Hussain , Qayyum Hamza , Ahmed Nasar , Khan Taj Muhammad , Qayyum Abdul 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The energy and charge state distribution of atomic carbon ions, carbon cluster ions, and protons emitted during Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm/6 ns) laser irradiation of high purity graphite target was investigated by employing a time of flight ion energy analyzer (TOF-IEA). Laser fluence on the target surface was varied from 2 to 26 J cm−2. At the lower fluence range (2–6 J cm−2), multiply charged low mass odd numbered cluster ions

C

n

q
+

with n = 3, 5, 7 and charge state up to 5 + and carbon atomic ions up to the charge state of 3 + were detected. For the fluence greater than 6.4 J cm−2, carbon atomic ions up to a charge state of 6 + and protons were observed. The energy distribution of various carbon ions and protons was measured at the fluence of 5.1 and 25.5 J cm−2. At 5.1 J cm−2, the measured energy range for carbon cluster ions

C

3

q
+

and carbon

C

1

q
+

was 0.2–3.1 keV and 0.2–1.2 keV, respectively. At 25.5 J cm−2, the energy of carbon ions

C

1

q
+

(q = 2–4) was in the range of 0.4–3.8 keV. Surprisingly, energetic protons with maximum energy of 1.5 keV and considerable intensity were detected at 25.5 J cm−2. The bi-component structure of ion energy distribution suggested a complex ion accelerating mechanism, which is discussed within the framework of the electrostatic model.
Structural and optical parameters of polyvinyl alcohol films reinforced with Mn2O3/reduced graphene oxide composite
Authors: Soliman T S , Vshivkov S A , Abdel-Salam Ahmed I , Gomaa Islam , Khalid A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The novel polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films reinforced with varied concentrations of Mn2O3/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanoparticles (NP) are prepared via the casting technique. A hydrothermal approach methodology is used to prepare manganese oxide reduce graphene oxide (Mn2O3/rGO) composite. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and optical microscope setups are used to study the impact of nanoparticles on the structure of the PVA matrix. The surface roughness was measured and found to increase with increasing NPs concentration in the polymer matrix. The UV–vis spectroscopy is used to investigate the optical absorption and transmission data for the prepared films. The addition of Mn2O3/rGO NP in the polymer matrix effects on the optical parameters like the absorption coefficient, optical bandgap, refractive index, and optical conductivity. The optical bandgap of PVA films with Mn2O3/rGO NP is lower than that of PVA pure. The refractive index and optical conductivity were tuned with the addition of Mn2O3/rGO NP. The PVA-Mn2O3/rGO films are promising material for various opto-electronic fields.