bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotective effects of curcumin on the cerebellum in a rotenone‐induced Parkinson’s Disease Model
Authors: Fikry Heba , Saleh Lobna A. , Abdel Gawad Sara 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimsParkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent age‐related neurodegenerative disorder. The cerebellum plays a role in PD pathogenesis. Curcumin has numerous medicinal uses, mostly attributed to its potent antioxidant properties. This study investigated the potential protective influence of curcumin on the cerebellum of albino rats with rotenone‐induced PD.MethodsForty adult male albino rats were randomized into four treatment groups: vehicle (group I); rotenone 3 mg/kg/day i.p. injection (group II); rotenone 3 mg/kg/day plus curcumin 30 mg/kg/day i.p. injection (group III); and curcumin 30 mg/kg/day i.p. injection (group IV).ResultsCompared to group I, group II exhibited marked degenerative changes in hematoxylin & eosin‐stained sections and a reduction in Nissl granules in the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. In group III, the neurotoxic effects in the cerebellum were reduced. Furthermore, the degenerated Purkinje and GFAP‐positive cells increased considerably in group II and were partially reduced in group III versus group II. Compared to group I, rats in group II showed reduced rotarod motor activity, partially restored in group III. Acetylcholine esterase, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase were significantly reduced, and malondialdehyde was significantly increased in group II compared to group I and was partially increased in group III.ConclusionCurcumin attenuated neurotoxic effects and degenerative histological changes and alleviated induced oxidative stress in the cerebellar cortex of a PD rat model. Therefore, curcumin dietary supplementation may have neuroprotective effects against the development of cerebellum‐related PD symptoms.
A deep learning and heuristic methodology for predicting breakups in social network structures
Authors: Molokwu Bonaventure Chidube , Shuvo Shaon Bhatta , Kobti Ziad 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLiterature have focused on studying the apparent and latent interactions within social graphs as an n‐ary operation, which yields binary outputs comprising positives (friends, likes, etc.) and negatives (foes, dislikes, etc.). Inasmuch as interactions constitute the bedrock of any given social network (SN) structure; there exist scenarios where an interaction, which was once considered a positive, transmutes into a negative as a result of one or more indicators which have affected the interaction quality. At present, this transmutation has to be manually executed by the affected actors in the SN. These manual transmutations can be quite inefficient, ineffective, and a mishap might have been incurred by the constituent actors and the SN structure prior to a resolution. Our problem statement aims at automatically flagging positive ties that should be considered for breakups or rifts (negative‐tie state), as they tend to pose potential threats to actors and the SN. Therefore, we have proposed ClasReg: a unique framework capable of breakup and link predictions.
Absence of hemoglobin increase is associated with reduced graft survival after kidney transplantation
Authors: Goldman Shira , Schechter Amir , Steinmetz Tali , Agur Timna , Shepshelovich Daniel , Gafter‐Gvili Anat , Hanniel Iddo , Rozen‐Zvi Benaya , Rahamimov Ruth 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAnemia is prevalent following kidney transplantation and is associated with reduced graft survival. The association between temporal changes in hemoglobin (Hb) level at the early post‐transplant period and graft survival is unknown.Patients and methodsThe study cohort included consecutive patients included in a single center transplantation registry between January 2002 and December 2016. Temporal changes in Hb values during the first 90 days after the transplantation were evaluated by piecewise linear regression model. Significant Hb increase rate was defined as an increase of .5 gram/deciliter/month. Patients were divided into groups according to the presence of significant Hb increase. The primary outcome was death‐censored graft failure.ResultsOf 946 patients included in the study cohort, 831 (87.8%) had at least one interval of Hb increase, and 115 (12.2%) had no Hb increase. The absence of Hb increase was associated with an elevated risk of death censored graft failure by univariate (HR 2.9, 95% CI 1.88–4.49, P < .001) and multivariate (HR 2.47, 95% CI 1.48–4.12, P = .001) analyses. The timing and rate of Hb increase had no association with the main outcome.ConclusionsLack of Hb increase during the early post‐transplant period is associated with an increased risk of graft loss.
Unravelling the JPMorgan spoofing case using particle physics visualization methods
Authors: Debie Philippe , Gardebroek Cornelis , Hageboeck Stephan , van Leeuwen Paul , Moneta Lorenzo , Naumann Axel , Pennings Joost M. E. , Trujillo‐Barrera Andres A. , Verhulst Marjolein E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOn 29 September 2020, JPMorgan was ordered to pay a settlement of $920.2 million for spoofing the metals and Treasury futures markets from 2008 to 2016. We examine these cases using a visualization method developed in particle physics (CERN) and the messages that the exchange receives about market activity rather than time‐based snapshots. This approach allows to examine multiple indicators related to market manipulation and complement existing research methods, thereby enhancing the identification and understanding of, as well as the motivation for, market manipulation. In the JPMorgan cases, we offer an alternative motivation for spoofing than moving the price.
Benefit‐finding process development in families raising children with chronic food hypersensitivity
Authors: Glazebrook Ammanda‐Jane , Burke Karena J. , Shakespeare‐Finch Jane 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo examine benefit‐finding processes in families raising children with chronic food hypersensitivity and provide practical advice for practitioners and families.BackgroundThe existing literature primarily describes benefits individuals identify from adversity. This study addresses a literature gap by examining processes facilitating benefit‐finding within families.MethodThis was a multicenter classical grounded theory study comparing benefit‐finding processes through analysis of semistructured interviews with 11 families (48 nuclear family members).ResultsThree main benefit‐finding processes were identified, forming a hierarchical benefit‐finding process model: It Could Be Worse (benefit‐finding); Silver Lining (benefit‐reminding generating positive affect); Action Advantage (benefit‐reminding generating advantageous behavior change). Enhanced family functioning and well‐being was observed with Action Advantage. Parental training facilitated Action Advantage. Parental role‐modeling and reinforcement transferred benefit‐finding processes among family members, producing a shared family process.ConclusionsTraining parents to model Action Advantage benefit‐finding and implementing Family Management Plans addressing biopsychosocial well‐being of all family members is recommended. Evidence suggests such actions may enhance family functioning, cohesive relationships, and well‐being.ImplicationsTranslatable findings advance theory and may facilitate benefit‐finding process assessment instruments, interventions, and teachable strategies for practitioners and researchers supporting families raising children with chronic food hypersensitivity.
WILHELM VON HUMBOLDT AND HEINRICH VON KLEIST: IMAGINING THE STATE IN THE WAKE OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
Authors: Lü Yixu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractScholarship has paid scant attention to affinities between the thought of Wilhelm von Humboldt and that of Heinrich von Kleist. Both were, at different times, fascinated by the aftermath of the French Revolution and its influence on the shape of contemporary Europe. Humboldt's essays of the 1790s plead the cause of individual ‘Bildung’ against the hegemony of an interventionist state. His verdict on the new French constitution is ultimately pessimistic as he denies that history permits successful and sudden reversals of political structures. Kleist sees the Revolution as betrayed by Napoleon's ascendancy. His first work on his tragedy Penthesilea is dated between 1805 and 1806 in Königsberg, where he would have had ready access to Humboldt's publications. The calamitous defeat of Prussia in October 1806 overshadowed the play's completion in 1807. It is in this climate of the disintegration of a traditional order that Kleist invents the Amazon state as the tragic sequel to a revolution. Suppressing all individual freedom, it is the opposite of what Humboldt imagined a state should be, thus suggesting we may find in Humboldt's political thought a hitherto neglected source for Penthesilea.
Collaborative public sector innovation: An analysis of Italy, Japan, and Turkey
Authors: Cinar Emre , Simms Chris , Trott Paul 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe importance of involving citizens in the early stages of public sector innovation and bottom‐up governance arrangements for collaboration has been proposed in a number of theoretical papers. However, to date, few empirical studies are evident in the literature. To deepen our understanding of collaborative public sector innovation, our exploratory article analyses: (i) the actors of collaboration, (ii) collaboration across the innovation stages, (iii) the perceived aspects of collaboration for innovative outcomes, and (iv) the governance of collaboration. Our analysis covers 99 innovations from Italy, Japan, and Turkey. We reveal that collaboration still largely occurs within the bureaucracy of public sector organizations. Attempts to include civic and private sectors are evident, depending on the country context. Further, we uncover that a mutual understanding and shared goals are crucial for success, which is accomplished through top‐down governance as opposed to self‐governed bottom‐up networks.
The role of dermoscopy in the diagnosis of subungual glomus tumors
Authors: Göktay Fatih , Güldiken Gaye , Altan Ferhatoğlu Zeynep , Güneş Pembegül , Atış Güldehan , Haneke Eckart 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe dermoscopic features of glomus tumors have only been described in a few case reports. The aim of this research was to define the clinical and dermoscopic features of subungual glomus tumors.MethodsThirty‐two patients with subungual glomus tumors were evaluated retrospectively.ResultsOn the photographs, longitudinal erythronychia, longitudinal leukonychia, punctate leukonychia, splinter hemorrhage, isolated capillaries, distal notching, distal subungual hyperkeratosis, onycholysis, and onychoschizia were found. There was no statistical difference between the rates of detection of these findings by evaluation from clinical photographs alone and from both clinical and dermoscopic photographs. While ramified vessels with bluish spots could be detected in only five of 26 cases with bluish spots in their clinical photographs, these ramified vessels were seen in 14 cases in bluish spots in dermoscopic photographs (P = 0.004). Compared to clinical examination, dermoscopy was able to detect blue spots in three more cases. Lesion duration was higher in the cases with ramified vessels (P = 0.018).ConclusionsDermoscopy seems to contribute to the clinical examination in displaying only ramified vessels located in bluish spots and in determining the localization of the subungual tumors. The presence of ramified vessel in the bluish spots is strongly related to lesion duration.
Economic values for production, fertility and mastitis traits for temperate dairy cattle breeds in tropical Sri Lanka
Authors: Samaraweera Amali Malshani , van der Werf Julius H. J. , Boerner Vinzent , Hermesch Susanne 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEconomic values for annual milk yield (MY, kg), annual fat yield (FY, kg), annual protein yield (PY, kg), age at first calving (AFC, days), number of services per conception (NSC), calving interval (CI, days) and mastitis episodes (MS) were derived for temperate dairy cattle breeds in tropical Sri Lanka using a bio‐economic model. Economic values were calculated on a per cow per year basis. Derived economic values in rupees (LKR) for MY, FY and PY were 107, −162 and −15, while for AFC, NSC, CI and MS, economic values were −59, −270, −84 and −8,303. Economic values for FY and PY further decreased with higher feed prices, and a less negative economic value for FY was obtained with increased price for fat. Negative economic values for FY and PY show that genetic improvement for these traits is not economical due to the high feed costs and/or the insufficient payment for fat and protein. Therefore, revision of milk fat and protein payments is recommended. Furthermore, the breeding objective developed in this study was dominated by milk production and fertility traits. Adaptability and functional traits that are important in a temperate dairy cattle breeding programme in tropical Sri Lanka, such as longevity, feed efficiency, disease resistance and heat tolerance should be recorded to incorporate them in the breeding objective. Continued trait recording of all traits is recommended to ensure dairy cows can be selected more effectively in a tropical environment based on a breeding objective that also includes adaptability and functional traits.
A common oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis induces myocarditis in rats
Authors: Peron Daniele , Prates Renato Araujo , Antonio Ednei Luiz , Teixeira Ighor Luiz Azevedo , de Oliveira Helenita Antonia , Mansano Barbara Sampaio Dias Martins , Bergamo Alexandre , Almeida Dirceu Rodrigues , Dariolli Rafael , Tucci Paulo José Ferreira , Serra Andrey Jorge 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate whether Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) inoculation could induce cardiac remodelling in rats.Materials and MethodsThe study was conducted on 33 Wistar rats, which were distributed in the following experimental groups: not inoculated; inoculated with 1 × 108 CFU/ml of bacteria; inoculated with 3 × 108 CFU/ml of bacteria. The animals were inoculated at baseline and on the 15th day of follow‐up. Blood collection was performed at baseline and 60 min after each inoculation. At 29 days, the animals were subjected to echocardiography and at 30 days to haemodynamic studies before sacrificing them.ResultsImpact of the bacteria was more evident in rats that received higher P. gingivalis concentration. Thus, 3 × 108 CFU/ml of bacteria increased the rectal temperature and water content in the lung as well as myocardial necrosis and fibrosis. P. gingivalis induced the intensification of DNA fragmentation and increased the levels of malondialdehyde, oxidized proteins, and macrophage expression in the myocardium. These findings were associated with lower LV isovolumetric relaxation time, +dP/dt, –dP/dt, and higher end‐diastolic pressure.ConclusionsP. gingivalis bacteraemia is significantly associated with adverse cardiac remodelling and may play a biological role in the genesis of heart failure.
Digital insertion of Foley catheter 16F versus 22F versus 28F in unripe cervix labor induction: A randomized trial
Authors: Lim Boon K. , Zakaria Rohaida , Hong Jesrine G. S. , Omar Siti Z. , Sulaiman Sofiah , Tan Peng C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimTo explore digital insertion in dorsal recumbent position of 16F, 22F, or 28F catheter bores on insertion failure, duration, and pain in unripe cervix labor induction.MethodsA randomized trial was performed in a University hospital in Malaysia. Term women scheduled for labor induction, Bishop score ≤ 5, singleton, cephalic presentation, intact membrane, and reassuring pre‐induction fetal heart rate tracing were recruited. Women with known gross fetal anomaly, allergy to latex and inability to consent or language difficulty were excluded. Participants were randomized to 16F, 22F, or 28F Foley catheter. Primary outcome was insertion failure and main secondary outcomes were insertion duration and pain (assessed by a Visual Numerical Rating Scale [VNRS] 0–10, higher score more pain). Analysis is done by analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal–Wallis, and chi square test across the three arms and by t test and Mann–Whitney U test for pair wise comparisons.ResultsOne hundred twenty‐seven participants' data were analyzed. The insertion failure 7/43(16%) versus 4/42(10%) versus 5/42(12%), p = 0.64, insertion duration median [IQR] 2.8 [1.8–4.8] versus 2.8 [1.7–3.7] versus 2.8 [1.7–4.3] min, p = 0.68 and insertion pain VNRS mean {SD} 4.2 {2.5} versus 3.4 {2.3} versus 3.6 {2.2}, p = 0.26, insertion to delivery interval 26.0 {9.7} versus 25.6 {9.1} versus 22.8 {7.4} h, p = 0.45, and spontaneous vaginal delivery 20/43 (45%) versus 23/42(55%) versus 25/42(60%), p = 0.48 for 16F versus 22F versus 28F arms, respectively. Pairwise comparisons were not different.ConclusionFoley catheter 16F versus 22F versus 28F resulted in similar digital insertion performance in the dorsal recumbent position for unripe cervix labor induction. Clinical Trial Registration: https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN21224268.
Psychological health associated with prenatal screening in low‐risk pregnancy for chromosomal aneuploidy
Authors: Dadkhah Aazam , Kazemi Ashraf , Torabi Fatemeh 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to assess the psychological health associated with prenatal screening in low‐risk pregnancy for chromosomal aneuploidy.MethodsThis longitudinal study was performed on 310 low‐risk pregnancies for chromosomal aneuploidies. Using the standard DASS‐21 questionnaire, levels of stress, anxiety, and depression were assessed—prior to the recommended time for the first‐trimester screening test (T1), after the first‐trimester tests on the second referral (T2) concurrently with the request for the second‐trimester tests (T3)—and compared between women undergoing the prenatal screening and in women refusing it.ResultsThe results showed that the mean of stress, anxiety, and depression levels were not different between groups at T1; but the level of the stress, depression, and anxiety were higher in the screening group than the non‐screening group. The effect of group on changes in the stress, depression, and anxiety levels was significant.ConclusionThe results revealed that the prenatal screening program in low‐risk pregnancies for chromosomal aneuploidy can be followed by rising psychological symptoms and this psychological burden should be conceded on prenatal screening tests for pregnant women.
An In Vitro Evaluation of the Effect of 3D Printing Orientation on the Accuracy of Implant Surgical Templates Fabricated By Desktop Printer
Authors: Tahir Nimra , Abduo Jaafar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the effect of different 3D printing orientations on internal and seating accuracy of implant surgical templates fabricated by a digital light processing (DLP) printer.Materials and methodsA single maxillary model with a missing central incisor was used to design a surgical template for single implant placement. According to the printing orientation, three surgical template groups were included in the study: horizontal (H), angled (A) and vertical (V) (n = 10). For the H group, the templates were produced parallel to the printing platform, while for the V group, the templates were perpendicular to the platform. The A group templates had a 45° angle orientation to the platform. Each template was scanned at the fitting surface and after seating on the master model. The internal accuracy involved measuring the trueness and precision of the internal surface, while for the seating accuracy, the vertical discrepancy after seating the template was measured. To determine the difference among the groups, ANOVA test was applied followed by Tukey post hoc tests (α = 0.05).ResultsThe H group had the lowest internal surface inaccuracy (trueness = 100.7 μm; precision = 69.1 μm) followed by A (trueness = 114.0 μm; precision = 77.3 μm) and V (trueness = 120.3 μm; precision = 82.4 μm) groups, respectively (p < 0.001). Similarly, the H group had the most superior seating accuracy (543.8 μm) followed by A group (1006.0 μm) and V group (1278.0 μm), respectively (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe orientation of 3D printing of implant surgical templates fabricated by the DLP desktop printer influenced the accuracy of the templates. The horizontally printed templates consistently exhibited superior accuracy. To reduce deviation of implant placement, it is recommended to print the surgical templates with their largest dimension parallel to the printing platform.
Effects of connectivity on seed dispersal patterns in hedgerows
Authors: Mony Cendrine , Landais Quentin , Georges Romain , Butet Alain , Burel Françoise , Jambon Olivier , Gouesbet Valérie , Ernoult Aude 
Published: January 2022

AbstractQuestionHabitat isolation is a major driver of biodiversity because it affects dispersal among local communities, especially for plants. Corridors are supposed to facilitate the movement of organisms and hence their effective dispersal, thereby increasing biodiversity. Hedgerows provide favorable habitats for forest plant establishment, but their role in dispersal among forest patches is still unknown. In addition, seeds can be more predated within hedgerows because animal movement is also encouraged by these corridors. We aimed to answer the question: Are plant dispersal and seed removal by animals in connected hedgerows compared with unconnected hedgerows promoted for forest plant species?LocationLong‐term ecological site “Zone Atelier Armorique”, western France (ca. 150 km2).MethodsWe analyzed seed dispersal along two pathways in 16 woodlots: connected (least‐cost pathways, i.e., optimal corridors); and unconnected high cost pathways (absence of corridor). Using a trap study, we first quantified seed rain and analyzed seed composition after trapped seeds were germinated in the greenhouse. At the same sampling points, we then analyzed the rate at which two different sized seeds were removed from seed baits by animals.ResultsOur results revealed no difference in the number of trapped seeds in connected and unconnected pathways, but did reveal a difference in the number and richness of viable seeds, with corridors having a positive impact. In the predation experiment, the rate of removal of small seeds was higher in connected pathways than in unconnected pathways.ConclusionConnectivity enhanced the dispersal of viable forest plant species but also the predation of small seeds, which possibly played a role in their subsequent dispersal. This work highlighted the effect of connectivity on seed dynamics within hedgerows and improves our understanding of the role of hedgerows as stepping‐stones for seed dispersal among forest patches.