bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcohol-related family violence in Australia: Secondary data analysis of the National Drug Strategy Household Survey
Authors: Willoughby Breanna , Jiang Heng , Anderson-Luxford Dan , Laslett Anne-Marie 
Published: December 2021

Aims: Alcohol is a risk factor for family violence that affects partners, parents, children and other relatives. This study aims to provide estimates of the prevalence of alcohol-related family violence reported in 2016 in Australia across numerous socio-demographic groups.
Methods: This paper presents secondary data analysis of 23,749 respondents (10,840 men, 12,909 women) from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare’s 2016 National Drug Strategy Household Survey (NDSHS). Alcohol-related family violence was measured by self-report as being physically or verbally abused or put in fear from a family member or partner deemed by the victim as under the influence of alcohol. Logistic regression was used to analyse which factors were associated with alcohol-related family violence.
Findings: Analysis revealed that 5.9% of respondents (7.7% of women and 4.0% of men) reported alcohol-related family violence in the past year from either a partner or another family member. Respondents who were women (vs men), within less advantaged (vs more advantaged) socio-economic groups, risky drinkers (vs non-risky drinkers), residing in outer regional areas (vs major cities), holding a diploma (vs high school education) and single with dependents, reported higher overall rates of alcohol-related family violence. In contrast, respondents aged 55+ had significantly lower odds of experiencing alcohol-related family violence than all other age groups.
Conclusions: Alcohol-related family violence was significantly more prevalent amongst respondents in a range of socio-demographic categories. Identification of these groups which are adversely affected by the drinking of family and partners can aid in informing current policy to protect those more vulnerable.
Dynamic Locking of Interfacial Side Reaction Sites Promotes Aluminum‐Air Batteries Close to Theoretical Capacity
Authors: Huang Yuanlin , Fang Lei , Gu Yu , Wang Pingshi , Yan Hao , Wang Yanjie , Cao Zexing , Tian Zhaowu , Mao Bingwei , Zhang Li 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAluminum metal has been regarded as a promising anode material for aqueous metal‐air batteries. However, the stable cycling of Al anodes is challenging due to the severe parasitic corrosion of Al metal in alkaline electrolytes. Here, a novel additive,n‐octylphosphonic acid (OPA), is introduced into the typical NaOH electrolyte system to improve the interfacial stability of Al anodes and thus promote high‐performance Al‐air batteries (AABs). Combining several experimental characterizations and theoretical calculation, it is proved that OPA molecules in an NaOH aqueous environment can modify the Al anode/electrolyte interface and alter the stacking of the discharge product. The electrolyte engineering is capable of anchoring dynamically to restrain side reactions through hydrogen bonds (H···O), homogenizing the dissolution of Al metal and avoiding precipitation agglomeration. As a proof of concept, AABs full cells with an electrolyte containing OPA achieve higher potential plateau and discharge capacity than those with a pure NaOH electrolyte. It paves a way to develop highly‐efficient and eco‐friendly electrolyte additive strategies for high‐performance AABs devices and advance the current understanding of organic additive mechanisms in AABs.
Carbon Dots as New Building Blocks for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Electrocatalysis
Authors: Zhai Yunpu , Zhang Baowei , Shi Run , Zhang Shuaiyang , Liu Yuan , Wang Boyang , Zhang Kan , Waterhouse Geoffrey I. N. , Zhang Tierui , Lu Siyu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn recent years, research into the synthesis and applications of 0D carbon dots (CDs) has blossomed into a vibrant and exciting new research field. CDs possess diverse and fascinating chemical, structural, and optical characteristics, which can be exploited in both fundamental research and applied areas. In particular, their superior electrochemical activity and ease‐of‐modification make CDs very promising electrode materials in electrocatalysis and electrical energy storage. This review seeks to provide an overview of the latest ground‐breaking research relating to the utilization of CDs in electrochemical processes and energy storage, thus providing a timely snapshot of recent advancements in this area. To begin, advances in CDs synthesis methods, CDs structural characteristics, and CDs modification/functionalization strategies are explored, with a view toward structure‐property relationships. Next, the performance of CDs in various electrochemical energy‐related applications are summarized, including H2 evolution, O2 evolution/reduction, CO2 reduction, batteries and supercapacitors. Finally, the future challenges and opportunities for CDs‐based energy materials and devices are surveyed.
Exploring the synergism between surface liming and nitrogen fertilization in no‐till system
Authors: Crusciol Carlos Alexandre Costa , Bossolani João William , Portugal José Roberto , Moretti Luiz Gustavo , Momesso Letusa , de Campos Murilo , Costa Nídia Raquel , Volf Marcelo Raphael , Calonego Juliano Carlos , Rosolem Ciro Antonio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSurface liming to correct soil acidity may have limited effectiveness in subsurface layers in no‐till systems (NTS). The possibility of downward movement may be increased when liming is combined with fertilization with urea (ammoniacal N), as NO3– formed by nitrification of NH4+ can form ion pairs with exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+. Liming can also increase the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of crops and reduce dependence on soil N. In this work, we investigated the effects of surface application of lime under NTS and N topdressing on soil chemical properties and the nutrition, productivity, and NUE of maize (Zea mays L.) and upland rice (Oryza sativa L.). The treatments comprised four lime rates applied superficially (0, 1,500, 3,000, and 6,000 kg ha–1), and absence (–N) or presence of N fertilization (+N) as urea by topdressing. The treatments were applied during two agricultural years (2011/2012 and 2012/2013), with maize in the first crop season and upland rice in the second crop season. At 18 mo after liming, the application of 6,000 kg lime ha–1 significantly improved the chemical attributes of the soil (pH, soil organic matter (SOM), K, Ca2+, Mg2+, and base saturation [BS]). The application of urea increased the mobility of Ca2+ and Mg2+ to greater depths. The combination of 3,000 kg lime ha–1 with N fertilization synergistically increased the nutrition (N, P, and S), grain yield, and N‐related efficiency indexes in the maize and upland rice crops.
Convenient Access to Ester‐Containing Quinolinones through a Sequential Radical Alkoxycarbonylation/Cyclization/Hydrolysis Process
Authors: Guo Sa , Wang Xin , Zhao Dongyang , Zhang Zhiguo , Zhang Guisheng , Tang Shi , Sun Kai 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHere, we report a sequential radical alkoxycarbonylation/cyclization/hydrolysis reaction with carbazates as eco‐friendly ester sources. Various structurally diverse ester‐substituted quinolinones were obtained in moderate to high yields. Easy scale‐up operation and the potential for product derivatization, such as hydrolysis, reduction and dealkylation, make this method attractive for the preparation of other valuable ester‐containing N‐heterocycles. Mechanistic studies suggest that the catalytic system involves a radical pathway.
A Squeezed Vacuum State Laser with Zero Diffusion from Cavity Losses
Authors: de Oliveira Neto Flávio , Dias de Moraes Neto Gentil , Hassan Youssef Moussa Miled 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA method for building a squeezed vacuum state laser with zero diffusion from cavity losses is proposed. The method results from the introduction of a particular reservoir engineering technique into the laser theory, with the construction of an effective atom‐field interaction. By building an isomorphism between the cavity field operators in both the effective and the Jaynes–Cummings interactions, the equations of the effective laser are then derived directly from conventional laser theory. The distinctive characteristic of the laser method is that the required nonlinearity for light squeezing, usually achieved through a χ(2) crystal, is here replaced by the atom‐field effective interaction itself; the same nonlinearity needed for achieving a nonequilibrium steady state. The method can be extended for the construction of other nonclassical state lasers, and the present squeezed vacuum laser can contribute to the newly emerging field of gravitational wave interferometry.
A promising strategy for increasing phosphorescent quantum yield: The ligand 10‐cyclic chelate of the tetradentate Pt(II) complex
Authors: Gao Jiaxing , Shi Xiaodong , Luo Yafei , Zhang Zelan , Wang Yueteng , Liang Li , He Gang , Liu Wei , Tang Dianyong , Hu Jianping 
Published: December 2021

In this paper, the density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT) were used to deeply investigate the photophysical properties and radiative and non‐radiative processes of tetradentate Pt(II) complexes with 10‐ and 11‐cyclic chelate ligands. According to the calculated results, the cyclization of ligand can distinctly influence on the emission wavelengths of complexes. In addition, due to the larger spin density, spin–orbit coupling (SOC) matrix element, and smaller metal‐centered d–d excited states (3MC) character, singlet–triplet splitting energy (∆E(Sn − T1)), the radiation rate constant (
= 5.9E + 04) of the 10‐cyclic chelate ligand complex is significantly higher than that of the 11‐cyclic chelate ligand complex (
= 1.9E + 04). In the case of temperature‐dependent non‐radiative process, compared with 11‐cyclic chelate ligand complex, 10‐cyclic chelate ligand complex should possess the larger non‐radiative rate because of the lower energy barrier from the excited state to 3MC. What's more, the 10‐cyclic chelate ligand complex has small Huang–Rhys factor, which suggests that the 10‐cyclic chelate ligand complex has better rigidity and color purity. This investigation could provide some useful information for designing the high‐performance organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) materials.
A monomolecular intumescent flame retardant for improvement simultaneously of fire safety, smoke suppression, and mechanical properties of epoxy resin
Authors: Li Dongsheng , Zhang Zhiyong , Wang Siqi , Xu Miaojun , Li Bin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this article, a monomolecular intumescent flame retardant 1,4‐bis (diethyl methylenephosphonate) piperazine defined as BDEMPP was introduced into epoxy resins (EP) thermosets. The fire safety, combustion behavior, thermal properties, mechanical performance, transparency, and flame‐retardant mechanism of EP/BDEMPP thermoset were investigated systematically. The EP thermosets passed UL‐94 V‐1 level with the limit oxygen index value of 28.3%, and the release of heat and smoke were inhibited when 9 wt% BDEMPP was added. Moreover, the tensile strength and modulus, flexural strength and modulus, charpy impact strength of EP/9 wt% BDEMPP were increased by 15.0%, 22.4%, 15.4%, 15.6%, and 22.6% in comparison of pure EP thermosets, respectively. EP/BDEMPP composites possessed good transparency and the transmittance of EP/9 wt% BDEMPP was 87.1% at 600 nm UV irradiation. The investigation of flame retardant mechanisms demonstrated BDEMPP exerted flame retardant effect both in gaseous and condensed phase. BDEMPP exhibited good compatibility, flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and mechanical enhancement for EP thermosets.
Sequence analysis and crystal structure of a glycosylated protease from Euphorbia resinifera latex for its proteolytic activity aspect
Authors: Siritapetawee Jaruwan , Attarataya Jakrada , Charoenwattanasatien Ratana 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe investigation of a plant glycosylated serine protease (EuRP‐61) isolated from Euphorbia resinifera latex for potential antiplatelet and anticoagulation activities has been previously reported. In the present study, the protein sequence and native crystal structure of EuRP‐61 were characterized. The structure was identified using single‐wavelength anomalous diffraction with a refinement resolution of 1.7 Å (PDB ID: 7EOX). The main structural components of EuRP‐61 were composed of three domains: catalytic, protease‐associated (PA), and fibronectin type III (Fn3)‐like domains. The crystal structure revealed that some loops in the PA and catalytic domains of EuRP‐61 were different from the other subtilisin‐like proteases (cucumisin and SBT3). These different loops might be involved in the general monomer formation of EuRP‐61, substrate specificity, and maintenance of the catalytic domain. The Fn3‐like domain may provide flexibility to the enzyme to bind with various substrates and cell receptors. Additionally, the active site of EuRP‐61 consisted of the catalytic triad of Ser434, His106, and Asp32, similar to other serine proteases. The present study provides additional information and insight into the protease and antithrombotic activities of EuRP‐61, which could contribute to further development of this enzyme for biomedical treatment.
Al2S3 Cathode for Rechargeable Aluminum‐Sulfur Batteries with Improved Cycling Reversibility
Authors: Guo Yue , Hu Zhiqiu , Cui Yi , Wang Jiawei , Jin Song , Peng Zhangquan , Ji Hengxing 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRechargeable aluminum‐sulfur (Al−S) batteries are regarded as the potential choice for next‐generation energy storage system with advantages of high theoretical energy density (1340 Wh kg−1), the earth abundance of the constituent electrode materials, and safe operation. Whereas the electrochemical performance of Al−S batteries is beset by its poor reversibility. In this article, we demonstrate a highly reversible Al−S battery with Al2S3 as the cathode. Mechanistic studies with electrochemical and spectroscopic methodologies identified that the enhancement in reversibility by Al2S3 cathode is attributed to the circumvention of the sluggish conversion of polysulfides to sulfur. Al2S3 cathode undergoes a faster solid to liquid conversion reaction (Al2S3↔polysulfide) than that of the sulfur cathode that suffers from slow kinetic process of solid‐to‐solid conversion (S↔Al2S3). Thus, Al−S battery composed of Al2S3 cathode delivers a highly reversible electrochemical reaction with the average Coulombic efficiency >95 % for 100 cycles.
Streamlined process development procedure incorporating the selection of various stationary phase types established in a mAb aggregate reduction study with different mixed mode ligands
Authors: Stein Dominik , Thom Volkmar , Hubbuch Jürgen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn biopharmaceutical process development time, cost and reliability are the relevant keywords. During the development of chromatographic processes these targets are challenged by many possible scaffolds, ligands and process parameters. The common response to this diversity is the establishment of platform processes in the development of chromatographic unit operations. However, while developing a platform library to simplify and accelerate chromatographic processes, the potential combination of scaffold, ligands and process parameters need to be characterized. This challenge is addressed in a case study on novel mixed mode (MM) adsorber for the removal of monoclonal antibody (mAb) aggregates. We propose a rigorous strategy to reduce the various experimental design space resulting from possible combinations in scaffolds, backbones and ligands. This strategy is based on theoretical considerations, identification of adsorber selectivity and capacity for the identification of a suitable membrane system. For this system, each potential MM membrane adsorber candidate is investigated in its high molecular weight species reduction potential for a given mAb feed stream and referenced to the performance of Capto™ Adhere. The introduced strategy can reduce the developmental effort in an early stage from three to two possible stationary phases. Thereafter, initial examinations at different ionic capacities enlighten one favorable stationary phase. Finalizing the development strategy procedure by studying five different MM ligands by HTS and confirming the study with a 2–3 MV higher dynamic breakthrough capacity in benchtop experiments and provides an insight in the benefits of a living process platform library.
Suspended lead suit and physician radiation doses during coronary angiography
Authors: Salcido‐Rios Jose , McNamara David A. , VanOosterhout Stacie , VanLoo Lisa , Redmond Meaghan , Parker Jessica L. , Madder Ryan D. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study was performed to evaluate physician radiation doses with the use of a suspended lead suit.BackgroundInterventional cardiologists face substantial occupational risks from chronic radiation exposure and wearing heavy lead aprons.MethodsHead‐level physician radiation doses, collected using real‐time dosimeters during consecutive coronary angiography procedures, were compared with the use of a suspended lead suit versus conventional lead aprons. Multiple linear regression analyses were completed using physician radiation doses as the response and testing patient variables (body mass index, age, sex), procedural variables (right heart catheterization, fractional flow reserve, percutaneous coronary intervention, radial access), and shielding variables (radiation‐absorbing pad, accessory lead shield, suspended lead suit) as the predictors.ResultsAmong 1054 coronary angiography procedures, 691 (65.6%) were performed with a suspended lead suit and 363 (34.4%) with lead aprons. There was no significant difference in dose area product between groups (61.7 [41.0, 94.9] mGy·cm2 vs. 64.6 [42.9, 96.9] mGy·cm2, p = 0.20). Median head‐level physician radiation doses were 10.2 [3.2, 35.5] μSv with lead aprons and 0.2 [0.1, 0.9] μSv with a suspended lead suit (p < 0.001), representing a 98.0% reduced dose with suspended lead. In the fully adjusted regression model, the use of a suspended lead suit was independently associated with a 93.8% reduction (95% confidence interval: −95.0, −92.3; p < 0.001) in physician radiation dose.ConclusionCompared to conventional lead aprons, the use of a suspended lead suit during coronary angiography was associated with marked reductions in head‐level physician radiation doses.
Electrophotocatalytic C−H Functionalization of N‐Heteroarenes with Unactivated Alkanes under External Oxidant‐Free Conditions
Authors: Tan Zhoumei , He Xinrui , Xu Kun , Zeng Chengchu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe Minisci alkylation of N‐heteroarenes with unactivated alkanes under external oxidant‐free conditions provides an economically attractive route to access alkylated N‐heteroarenes but remains underdeveloped. Herein, a new electrophotocatalytic strategy to access alkyl radicals from strong C(sp3)−H bonds was reported for the following Minisci alkylation reactions in the absence of chemical oxidants. This strategy realized the first example of cerium‐catalyzed Minisci alkylation reaction directly from abundant unactivated alkanes with excellent atom economy. It is anticipated that the general design principle would enrich catalytic strategies to explore the functionalizations of strong C(sp3)−H bonds under external oxidant‐free conditions with H2 evolution.
ELN iMDS flow working group validation of the monocyte assay for chronic myelomonocytic leukemia diagnosis by flow cytometry
Authors: Wagner‐Ballon Orianne , Bettelheim Peter , Lauf Jeroen , Bellos Frauke , Della Porta Matteo , Travaglino Erica , Subira Dolores , Lopez Irene Nuevo , Tarfi Sihem , Westers Theresia M. , Johansson Ulrika , Psarra Katherina , Karathanos Serafeim , Matarraz Sergio , Colado Enrique , Gupta Monali , Ireland Robin , Kern Wolfgang , Van De Loosdrecht Arjan A. ,   European LeukemiaNet International MDS‐Flow Cytometry Working Group (ELN iMDS‐Flow)
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground: It was proposed that peripheral blood (PB) monocyte profiles evaluated by flow cytometry, called “monocyte assay,” could rapidly and efficiently distinguish chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) from other causes of monocytosis by highlighting an increase in the classical monocyte (cMo) fraction above 94%. However, the robustness of this assay requires a large multicenter validation and the assessment of its feasibility on bone marrow (BM) samples, as some centers may not have access to PB.Methods: PB and/or BM samples from patients displaying monocytosis were assessed with the “monocyte assay” by 10 ELN iMDS Flow working group centers with harmonized protocols. The corresponding files were reanalyzed in a blind fashion and the cMo percentages obtained by both analyses were compared. Confirmed diagnoses were collected when available.Results: The comparison between cMo percentages from 267 PB files showed a good global significant correlation (r = 0.88) with no bias. Confirmed diagnoses, available for 212 patients, achieved a 94% sensitivity and an 84% specificity. Hence, 95/101 CMML patients displayed cMo ≥94% while cMo <94% was observed in 83/99 patients with reactive monocytosis and in 10/12 patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) with monocytosis. The established Receiver Operator Curve again provided a 94% cut‐off value of cMo. The 117 BM files reanalysis led to an 87% sensitivity and an 80% specificity, with excellent correlation between the 43 paired samples to PB.Conclusions: This ELN multicenter study demonstrates the robustness of the monocyte assay with only limited variability of cMo percentages, validates the 94% cutoff value, confirms its high sensitivity and specificity in PB and finally, also confirms the possibility of its use in BM samples.
Characteristics of root‐associated bacterial community and nitrogen biochemical properties of twoJaponicarice cultivars with different yields
Authors: Dong Hangyu , Sun Haoyuan , Jiang Linlin , Ma Dianrong , Fan Shuxiu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRoot‐associated microbiomes play pivotal roles in rice plant nutrition and productivity. We studied how the Liaoxing 1 and Akitakomachi rice cultivars, which are characterized by high and low yields, respectively, modified the nutrient content, enzymatic activities in the rhizosphere, and bacterial community structure in the root endosphere, rhizosphere, and bulk soil with and without nitrogen application. Rice genotype and nitrogen application amount are both essential driving factors for changes in the nutrient content, enzymatic activities, and bacterial community. Bacterial community structure varied significantly across the three root‐associated compartments, and rhizosphere and bulk soil harbored significantly higher diversity and richness of bacteria than root endophytes. Bacterial communities in the root endosphere are mainly structured by rice cultivars. Nitrogen fertilization application influenced the compositions and functions of bacterial groups across the three compartments.Prolixibacteriaceae, as nitrogen‐fixing bacteria, were significantly enriched in the rhizosphere, and the relative abundance in the rhizosphere of the high‐yield cultivar was higher than that of the low‐yield cultivar. Rice genotype and nitrogen application amount are both essential driving factors for changes in nutrient content and enzymatic activities. In this study, it was found that the higher available nitrogen content and soil enzymatic activities in the rhizosphere of the high‐yield rice cultivar promoted rice nitrogen use, and they ultimately formed a positive feedback loop. Our results indicated that root‐associated bacterial communities combined with soil enzymatic activities strengthen the transformation of nitrogen nutrients, suggesting that the interactions could represent a mechanism for enhancing rice yield.