bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Registration of Arkot 1005, Arkot 1015, and Arkot 1019 cotton germplasm lines
Authors: Bourland Fred , Jones Don 
Published: November 2022

AbstractArkot 1005 (Reg. no. GP‐1127, PI 700852), Arkot 1015 (Reg. no. GP‐1128, PI 700853), and Arkot 1019 (Reg. no. GP‐1129, PI 700854) are conventional cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm lines released by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station in April 2022. The lines were compared with UA48 and UA222 (check cultivars) in replicated field tests at four Arkansas sites over 5 yr. Over these tests, lint yields of the three lines did not differ from each other and were greater than UA48. Lint yield of Arkot 1015 was greater than UA222, while lint yields of Arkot 1005 and Arkot 1019 were equal to UA222. Performance in regional tests indicates that the lines have wide adaptation. The lint yields of Arkot 1015 and Arkot 1019 were attributed to producing more (and smaller) seed per area and less lint per seed (lint index) than UA222. Arkot 1005 produced higher lint index than the other two lines and the two check cultivars. Seed per area for Arkot 1005 was higher than UA48, equal to UA222, and lower than Arkot 1015 and Arkot 1019. Leaf pubescence, stem pubescence, and bract trichome density of the three lines were intermediate between UA222 and UA48. All three lines displayed high resistance to bacterial blight and were similar to UA222 and UA48 in their response to other diseases. Arkot 1015 was more resistant to tarnished plant bug (TPB) than Arkot 1005, Arkot 1019, and UA48, but all were more susceptible to TPB than UA222. Compared with the other lines and check cultivars, Arkot 1005 and Arkot 1019 displayed higher and lower, respectively, resistance to seed deterioration. Fiber quality of Arkot 1019 was superior to UA48, UA222, and the other lines. Fiber quality of Arkot 1005 and Arkot 1015 was superior to UA222.
The association between pre‐existing asthma and reduced risk of death among children and adolescents hospitalized with COVID‐19 in Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Maria C. L. , Colosimo Enrico A. , Vasconcelos Mariana A. , Martelli‐Júnior Hercílio , Mak Robert H. , Silva Ludmila R. , Pinhati Clara C. , Simões e Silva Ana C. , Oliveira Eduardo A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThere have been conflicting reports on the relationship between asthma and COVID‐19 severity. This study aimed to compare the risk of death among children with asthma and healthy peers hospitalized due to COVID‐19.MethodsWe carried out an analysis of all pediatric patients 2–19 years of age with asthma and COVID‐19 registered in Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System‐Gripe, a Brazilian nationwide surveillance database, between February 2020 and March 2022. The primary outcome was time to death, which was evaluated considering discharge as a competitive risk using the cumulative incidence function.ResultsAmong 30,405 hospitalized children with COVID‐19, 21,340 (70.2%) had no comorbidities, 6444 (21.2%) had comorbidities other than asthma, 2165 (7.1%) had asthma, and 465 (1.5%) had asthma with other comorbidities. The estimated probability of a fatal outcome for each group was 4.1%, 14.9%, 2.1%, and 10.7%, respectively. After adjustment, children with asthma had a 60% reduction in the hazard of death than healthy peers (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29–0.53, p < 0.0001). Among children with asthma and no other comorbidities, two covariates were independently associated with in‐hospital mortality, age ≥12 years, HR = 4.0, 95% CI, 2.5–6.4), and low oxygen saturation at admission (HR = 2.3, 95% CI, 1.4–3.2).ConclusionChildren with asthma and no comorbidities had a lower risk of death compared with healthy peers after controlling for clinical and demographic confounding factors.
Quantifying the effects of lossy compression on energies calculated from molecular dynamics trajectories
Authors: Roe Daniel R. , Brooks Bernard R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMolecular dynamics (MD) simulations are now able to routinely reach timescales of microseconds and beyond. This has led to a corresponding increase in the amount of MD trajectory data that needs to be stored, particularly when those trajectories contain explicit solvent molecules. As such, it is desirable to be able to compress trajectory data while still retaining as much of the original information as possible. In this work, we describe compressing MD trajectory data using the NetCDF4/HDF5 file format, making use of quantization of the original positions to achieve better compression ratios. We also analyze the affect this has on both the resulting positions and the energies calculated from post‐processing these trajectories, and recommend an optimal level of quantization. Overall we find the NetCDF4/HDF5 format to be an excellent choice for storing MD trajectory data in terms of speed, compressibility, and versatility.
Differential responses to taxanes and PARP inhibitors in ATM‐ versus BRCA2‐mutated metastatic castrate‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Su Christopher T. , Nizialek Emily , Berchuck Jacob E. , Vlachostergios Panagiotis J. , Ashkar Ryan , Sokolova Alexandra , Barata Pedro C. , Aggarwal Rahul R. , McKay Rana R. , Agarwal Neeraj , McClure Heather M. , Nafissi Nellie , Bryce Alan H. , Sartor Oliver , Sayegh Nicolas , Cheng Heather H. , Adra Nabil , Sternberg Cora N. , Taplin Mary‐Ellen , Cieslik Marcin , Alva Ajjai S. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPARP (poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase) inhibitors (PARPi) are now standard of care in metastatic castrate‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients with select mutations in DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways, but patients with ATM‐ and BRCA2 mutations may respond differently to PARPi. We hypothesized that differences may also exist in response to taxanes, which may inform treatment sequencing decisions.MethodsmCRPC patients (N = 158) with deleterious ATM or BRCA2 mutations who received taxanes, PARPi, or both were retrospectively identified from 11 US academic centers. Demographic, treatment, and survival data were collected. Kaplan−Meier analyses were performed and Cox hazard ratios (HR) were calculated for progression‐free survival (PFS) as well as overall survival (OS), from time of first taxane or PARPi therapy.ResultsFifty‐eight patients with ATM mutations and 100 with BRCA2 mutations were identified. Fourty‐four (76%) patients with ATM mutations received taxane only or taxane before PARPi, while 14 (24%) received PARPi only or PARPi before taxane. Patients with ATM mutations had longer PFS when taxane was given first versus PARPi given first (HR: 0.74 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.37−1.50]; p = 0.40). Similarly, OS was longer in patients with ATM mutations who received taxane first (HR: 0.56 [CI: 0.20−1.54]; p = 0.26). Among patients with BRCA2 mutations, 51 (51%) received taxane first and 49 (49%) received PARPi first. In contrast, patients with BRCA2 mutations had longer PFS when PARPi was given first versus taxane given first (HR: 0.85 [CI: 0.54−1.35]; p = 0.49). Similarly, OS was longer in patients with BRCA2 mutations who received PARPi first (HR: 0.75 [CI: 0.41−1.37]; p = 0.35).ConclusionsOur retrospective data suggest differential response between ATM and BRCA2 mutated prostate cancers in terms of response to PARPi and to taxane chemotherapy. When considering the sequence of PARPi versus taxane chemotherapy for mCRPC with DDR mutations, ATM, and BRCA2 mutation status may be helpful in guiding choice of initial therapy.
Considering degradation kinetics of pesticides in plant uptake models: proof of concept for potato
Authors: Li Zijian , Fantke Peter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDDegradation kinetics of pesticides in plants are crucial for modeling mechanism‐based pesticide residual concentrations. However, due to complex open‐field conditions that involve multiple pesticide plant uptake and elimination processes, it is difficult to directly measure degradation kinetics of pesticides in plants. To address this limitation, we proposed a modeling approach for estimating degradation rate constants of pesticides in plants, using potato as a model crop. An operational tool was developed to backward‐estimate degradation rate constants, and three pesticides were selected to perform example simulations.RESULTSThe simulation results of thiamethoxam indicated that the growth dynamics of the potato had a significant impact on the degradation kinetic estimates when the pesticide was applied during the early growth stage, as the size of the potato determined the uptake and elimination kinetics via diffusion. Using mepiquat, we demonstrated that geographical variations in weather conditions and soil properties led to significant differences in the dissipation kinetics in both potato plants and soil, which propagated the variability of the degradation rate constant. Simulation results of chlorpyrifos differed between two reported field studies, which is due to the effect of the vertical distribution of the residue concentration in the soil, which is not considered in the majority of recent studies.CONCLUSIONSOur proposed approach is adaptable to plant growth dynamics, preharvest intervals, and multiple pesticide application events. In future research, it is expected that the proposed method will enable region‐specific inputs to improve the estimation of the degradation kinetics of pesticides in plants. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Bayesian D‐optimal design for life testing with censoring
Authors: Taylor Dustin , Rigdon Steven E. , Pan Rong , Montgomery Douglas C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe assumption of normality is usually tied to the design and analysis of an experimental study. However, when dealing with lifetime testing and censoring at fixed time intervals, we can no longer assume that the outcomes will be normally distributed. This generally requires the use of optimal design techniques to construct the test plan for specific distribution of interest. Optimal designs in this situation depend on the parameters of the distribution, which are generally unknown a priori. A Bayesian approach can be used by placing a prior distribution on the parameters, thereby leading to an appropriate selection of experimental design. This, along with the model and number of predictors, can be used to derive the D‐optimal design for an allowed number of experimental runs. This paper explores using this Bayesian approach on various lifetime regression models to select appropriate D‐optimal designs in regular and irregular design regions.
Inhibition of Fusarium Graminearum Growth and Deoxynivalenol Biosynthesis by Phenolic Compounds
Authors: Ma Yue , Zhou Rui , Luo Xiong‐Fei , Li An‐Ping , Wang Rui , Zhang Bao‐Qi , Zhou Han , Wu Tian‐Lin , Wang Yi‐Rong , An Jun‐Xia , Zhang Zhi‐Jun , Zhao Wen‐Bin , Yang Cheng‐Jie , Ding Yan Yan , Liu Ying‐Qian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPhytopathogenic fungi infections have become a major threat to reduce crop yields and dampen human health globally. The mycelium growth inhibition method was adopted to evaluate the antifungal activity of commercially available natural and natural‐like phenols, bioassay results showed that most phenolic compounds exhibited excellent fungicidal activity against Fusarium graminearum, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Vasinfectum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Magnaporthe oryzae. Particularly, compound Z‐5 exhibited an excellent inhibition rate of 100.00 % at 100 μg/mL and EC50 value of 3.20 μg/mL against Fusarium graminearum. In addition, compound Z‐5 displayed the best efficacy and superior fungicidal activity compared to azoxystrobin (EC50=9.78 μg/mL) based on mycelial growth and spore germination. Significantly, compound Z‐5 at 200 μg/mL reduced 4‐deoxynivalenol production by over 98 % compared to the control, through down‐regulation of the gene expression of Tri5 and Tri6. Preliminary mechanism studies revealed that compound Z‐5 might exert its fungicidal activity by inducing accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation, and causing cell membrane destruction and DNA synthesis interference. This study demonstrated the potent fungicidal activity of the natural‐like phenolic compound Z‐5 and highlighted its potential as an alternative agent to control F. graminearum.
L‐Proline Catalyzed Synthesis of Steroidal Pyridones And Their DFT Studies
Authors: Iqbal Arfeen , Khan Asna , Alam Mohammad Jane , Siddiqui Tabassum , Ali Abad 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA steroidal‐based synthetic protocol has been developed for the synthesis of substituted steroidal pyridones in the presence of L‐proline. A wide variety of steroidal pyridones were synthesized in better yields. Initially, steroidal benzylidenes were prepared by the aldol condensation of pregnenolone with various substituted aromatic aldehydes under basic conditions. After that heterocyclization of resulting benzylidenes with cyanoacetamide in the presence of L‐proline gives the desired products. With the mild reaction conditions, good conversions, operational simplicity, and inexpensive and readily available catalyst, it is a practical and appealing approach for pyridone synthesis. Structural and quantum chemical insights of synthesized steroidal pyridone derivatives have been also presented using the density functional theory (DFT) approach.
Chronic Inflammation and Chronic Diseases: Potential Healing with Glutathione‐Inspired Fragments
Authors: Bouazzaoui Wafaa , Xiao Pan , Couve‐Bonnaire Samuel , Bouillon Jean‐Philippe , Mulengi Joseph Kajima 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGlutathione is one of the foremost human body antioxidant that enables him to cope with the oxidative stress and its by‐products. This compound is depleted by age, illness, viral infections, including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome infections (SARS). Restoring its levels is therefore crucial to good health. Since its oral bioavailability is very poor, it is important to develop stable derivatives or fragments with improved antioxidant properties. The relationship between chronic inflammation, chronic diseases and oxidative stress is widely documented. Compounds that have high antioxidant activities arouse much interest as they could contribute to cope with detrimental health conditions because of oxidative stress, thus chronic inflammation. We synthesized some interesting glutathione‐inspired fragments from available starting materials and assessed their antioxidant power. Our compounds were analysed and identified by usual physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques. Their antioxidant activity was assessed using Diphenylpicrylhydrazine radical and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power assays. Our results showed interesting antioxidant activities IC50values ranging from 1.35 mg/mL to 3.40 mg/mL, some among them with values (2.32 mg/mL) better than cysteine (IC50=3.025 mg/mL) (IC50=3.03), which is the best precursor of glutathione.
Comparison of Thermodynamic Energies for Elementary Steps of Anionic Hydrides to Release Hydride Ions in Acetonitrile
Authors: Fu Yan‐Hua , Yang Li‐Guo , Zhou Zhong‐Yuan , Jia Taixuan , Shen Guang‐Bin , Zhu Xiao‐Qing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this work, six thermodynamic parameters of 10 anionic hydrides XH− ascorbic acid (iAscH−), alcohol anions, imine anion, activated olefin anions and diene anions and their intermediates in hydride transfer process were researched. The hydride‐donating, hydrogen‐atom‐donating and election‐donating abilities of XH−, and the electron‐accepting abilities of X were also discussed. Two physical parameters of free radical XH⋅, homolytic Gibbs free energy to release hydrogen atom ΔGoHD(XH⋅), heterolytic Gibbs free energy to release proton ΔGoPD(XH⋅), were determined to evaluate the antioxidant ability and acidity of intermediate XH⋅ in thermodynamics. The structure‐activity relationship of XH−, XH⋅ and X were carefully discussed. It's easy to find that the hydride‐donating abilities of XH− are stronger than their neutral compounds XH2; except for iAscH−; the hydride‐donating abilities of XH− are stronger than their hydrogen‐atom‐donating abilities; the hydrogen‐atom‐donating abilities of XH− are weaker than their intermediate radicals XH⋅; the unsaturated compounds X are easier to accept electrons than the anionic hydrides XH− to donate electrons. This paper plays an important role in determining the mechanism of anionic hydride to release hydride ion and provides a new idea for the design and synthesis of more active hydride, hydrogen and electron donors.
Cascading innovation: R&D team design and performance implications of mobility
Authors: Chang Melody H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryGiven the high cost of external hiring and uncertainty related to performance benefits, how can organizations foster an environment that maximizes the post‐mobility performance of external hires and their collaborators? In this article, I posit that R&D team design is an important factor that could shape the post‐mobility performances of both groups. Building on the interfirm mobility, innovation, and teams literatures, I argue that technological knowledge diversity within teams and across teams could differently impact innovation performance. Analyzing 63,976 interfirm moves of engineers and scientists, I find that the post‐mobility performances of external hires and teammates are conditioned by team design. A high level of within‐team diversity improves the performances of both groups, while a high level of across‐team diversity hurts their innovation outcomes.Managerial SummaryIn the war for talent, firms often offer premium wages to source external hires. Yet there have been unclear expectations about the post‐mobility outcomes of these hires and the implications for team performance. To better assess the value of hiring, managers should look beyond the performance of external hires and also consider team member performance. In the context of knowledge production activities, external hires, on average, experience an improvement in innovation performance after they move. Working with an external hire reduces the productivity of immediate collaborators but leads to more breakthrough innovations with greater technological impact. Most importantly, the performances of external hires and their teammates can be further improved by effectively designing R&D teams. Recomposing teams such that a high level of diversity exists within a team but minimal divergence across teams creates an environment that appears to enhance post‐mobility innovation activities.
Bio‐Functionalized Manganese Nanoparticles Suppress Fusarium Wilt in Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) by Infection Disruption, Host Defense Response Potentiation, and Soil Microbial Community Modulation
Authors: Noman Muhammad , Ahmed Temoor , Ijaz Usman , Shahid Muhammad , Nazir Muhammad Mudassir , Azizullah  , White Jason C. , Li Dayong , Song Fengming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe use of nanofabricated materials is being explored for the potential in crop disease management. Chemically synthesized micronutrient nanoparticles (NPs) have been shown to reduce crop diseases; however, the potential of biogenic manganese NPs (bio‐MnNPs) in disease control is unknown. Here, the potential and mechanism of bio‐MnNPs in suppression of watermelon Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon) are reported. Bio‐MnNPs are synthesized by cell‐free cultural filtrate of a waterrmelon rhizosphere bacterial strain Bacillus megaterium NOM14, and are found spherical in shape with a size range of 27.0–65.7 nm. Application of bio‐MnNPs at 100 µg mL−1 increases Mn content in watermelon roots/shoots and improves growth performance through enhancing multiple physiological processes, including antioxidative capacity. Bio‐MnNPs at 100 µg mL−1 suppress Fusarium wilt through inhibiting colonization and invasive growth of Fon in watermelon roots/stems, and inhibit Fon vegetative growth, conidiation, conidial morphology, and cellular integrity. Bio‐MnNPs potentiate watermelon systemic acquired resistance by triggering the salicylic acid signaling upon Fon infection, and reshape the soil microbial community by improving fungal diversity. These findings demonstrate that bio‐MnNPs suppress watermelon Fusarium wilt by multiple ex planta and in planta mechanisms, and offer a promising nano‐enabled strategy for the sustainable management of crop diseases.
Electrochemical Bonding of Hydrogels at Rigid Surfaces
Authors: Qiu Xiaxin , Huang Xiaowen , Zhang Lidong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFlexible hydrogels can be chemically/physically bonded on soft surfaces. However, there is a lack of a facile method to build strong interfacial adhesion between hydrogel and various rigid surfaces. Herein, an electrochemical bonding protocol, which improves the interfacial adhesion energy of hydrogel from initial 8 to 3480 J m−2, ≈435 times enhancement at rigid glass surface, superior to the most of traditional methods, is proposed. A series of electrochemical bonding models to analyze the bonding mechanism, is demonstrated. The results indicate that the electrode reactions generate Fe3+ ions at the anode and OH− ions at the cathode, which migrate and react to form nanoparticles of Fe(OH)3. These nanoparticles form hump‐like physical structures at the interface and work as mechanical‐bonding sites, enabling the strong interfacial adhesion. Upon applying acidic solution to decompose the nanoparticles, the strong adhesion can be weakened to easily remove hydrogel from the bonded surface. The electrochemically‐bonded hydrogel can maintain its adhesion in water, which enables the electrochemical bonding of hydrogels for repairing various damaged surfaces such as plastic water tubes/bags, indicating promising potential for adhesive engineering applications.
Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Dauerhaftigkeit von reaktiven Brandschutzsystemen
Authors: Mund Maximilian , Häßler Dustin , Schaumann Peter , Hothan Sascha , Schartel Bernhard 
Published: November 2022

AbstractReaktive Brandschutzsysteme finden im baulichen Brandschutz Anwendung zur Erhöhung des Feuerwiderstands von Stahlkonstruktionen. Neben den Anforderungen an die Feuerwiderstandsdauer können damit auch Ansprüche an die Ästhetik erfüllt werden. Die profilfolgende Applikation und die geringen Trockenschichtdicken der Produkte ermöglichen es, das filigrane Erscheinungsbild von Stahlkonstruktionen aufrechtzuerhalten. Neben der thermischen Schutzwirkung muss auch die Dauerhaftigkeit der Brandschutzbeschichtung sichergestellt werden. Die Bewertungsmethoden, die auf europäischer Ebene durch das EAD 350402‐00‐1106 zur Verfügung stehen, zielen auf eine Nutzungsdauer von zehn Jahren ab. Prüfverfahren für einen darüber hinausgehenden Zeitraum sind nicht beschrieben. In diesem Beitrag werden experimentelle Untersuchungen zum Einfluss der Bewitterung auf das Expansionsverhalten, zur thermischen Schutzwirkung und zu den während des Aufschäumens im Brandfall stattfindenden Reaktionen vorgestellt. Die Versuche wurden an einem wasserbasierten und einem epoxidharzbasierten reaktiven Brandschutzsystem durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse wurden im Rahmen des IGF‐Forschungsvorhabens 20470 N erzielt.