bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polysomnography Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bray M. , Krieg A. , Esagoff A. , Bryant B. , Salas R. , Rao V. , Peters M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSleep disturbances are common following traumatic brain injury (TBI) worsening morbidity and other neuropsychiatric symptoms. Post-TBI alterations in sleep architecture require further study.Objectives(1) To evaluate polysomnographic measures of sleep architecture in participants with history of TBI compared to controls and as meta-analyses of pooled means. (2) To evaluate effects of timing and severity of TBI on polysomnographic outcomes.MethodsPRISMA compliant systematic review was conducted of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE and Scopus. Inclusion criteria: 1) reporting polysomnography in the context of TBI and 2) operationalizing TBI using clear/formalized criteria. Data were pooled in random-effects meta-analyses with outcomes expressed as mean differences (MD).ResultsIn participants with TBI, sleep was comprised of 19.39% REM sleep, 8.13% N1, 51.18% N2, and 17.53% N3, as determined by meta-analyses of single means. Total sleep time was reduced in chronic (>6 months) TBI compared to acute-intermediate TBI (<6 months) (p=0.01). Compared to controls, participants with TBI differed with increased N1 sleep (MD=0.64%; 95%CI=0.02,1.25; p=0.04), reduced sleep efficiency (MD=-1.65%; 95%CI=-3.18,-0.12; p=0.03), and reduced sleep latency on the multiple sleep latency test (MD=-5.90mins; 95%CI=-10.09,-1.72; p<0.01). On sub-group analyses, participants with mild TBI differed from controls with reduced total sleep time (MD=-29.22mins, 95%CI=-54.16,-4.27; p=0.02). Similarly, participants with acute-intermediate TBI exhibited increased sleep latency compared to controls (MD=8.96mins; 95%CI=4.07,13.85; p<0.01) and differed significantly from participants with chronic TBI (X2(1,N=608)=6.54; p=0.01).ConclusionsSleep architecture is altered following TBI with potential implications regarding functional outcomes and recovery. These alterations appear to differ based on severity of injury and time since injury.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Cannabidiol (CBD) and Insomnia : Literature review
Authors: Gutierrez Higueras T. , Calera Cortés F. , Servin López E.D. , Montes Arjona L. , Sainz De La Cuesta Alonso S. , Vicent Forés S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCannabidiol (CBD) is one of 113 cannabinoids identified in cannabis plants. Considered as a psycho-inactive component, recently, the Court of Justice of the European Union published a ruling in which it establishes that cannabidiol extracted from the cannabis plant should not be considered a drug under the United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961. Due to increased publicity on social media of the supposed benefits of this product, in addition to the lack of clear regulations, it is becoming a widely used treatment for sleep disorders.ObjectivesTo analyse literature for the effect of CBD in sleep disturbances, emphasizing advantages and disadvantages of its use.MethodsWe carried out a literature review in Pubmed choosing those articles focused on effect of CBD in sleep disturbances.ResultsThe review of the effect of CBD on sleep cycle suggest that medium to high doses increased REM sleep latency, and medium-low doses decreased REM sleep latency. No evidence of withdrawal syndrome was found with abrupt discontinuation of short-term treatment with CBD.ConclusionsMost of the literature revised shows that the data was taken by self-questionares to CBD users. Studies suggest that a short use of medium to hight doses of CBD may improve insomnia, however, combined use with THC may result in a decrease in slow wave sleep. Longitudinal research should be done in order to understand the clinical impact of CBD on sleep.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Sleep characteristics in patients with substance use disorder after detoxification treatment: self-report and actigraphy data
Authors: Vetrova M. , Rybakova K. , Goncharov O. , Krupitsky E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSleep problems are common in patients with substance use disorders (SUD) and have been related to poor treatment outcomes. Little is known about the sleep characteristics in patients with opioid and alcohol use disorders after detoxification program.ObjectivesTo compare sleep quantitative and qualitative characteristics between patients with opioid and alcohol use disorders.MethodsThis is a secondary data analysis of the longitudinal data from the observational study in St. Petersburg, Russia. The sample included 75 patients (22.7% female) who received detoxification treatment for alcohol (n=49) or opioid (n=26) withdrawal. Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and underwent daily wrist actigrahy.Results
Good internal consistency was demonstrated for self-report and actigraphy data (r
=-0,405, p<0,01). Sleep duration and sleep onset latency were not different between alcohol and opioid groups (5.7 vs. 6.1 hours; 74 vs. 65 minutes, respectively) based on self-report data. The majority of the patients (57-100%) had sleep complaints and low quality of sleep after detoxification completion (at baseline). In both groups, the mean PSQI score had a tendency to decrease, representing better sleep quality, over the 1-week following detoxification program completion (from 12 at baseline to 10 at 1-week in alcohol group; from 13 to 12 in opioid group,
p<0,001).ConclusionsThe findings show that sleep characteristics are similar in patients with different SUD and insomnia symptoms are prevalent after detoxification, suggesting the rationale for sleep assessment before hospital discharge. Despite the positive changes in sleep quality over 1-week abstinence, patients might benefit from the therapeutic sleep interventions.DisclosureThis work was financially supported by a research grant from Russian Foundation for Basic Research, 18-013-00481.
Improving sleep in a population at high risk of trauma: A pilot study examining self-reported sleep, psychological symptomology and actigraphy measured night-time sleep
Authors: Maguire D. , Armour C. , Lagdon S. , Ruddock M. , Moore T. , Milanak M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSleep disturbances (SDs), such as insomnia or regular nightmares, are associated with multiple mental health disorders, most notably PTSD, where SDs are reported in up to 92% of cases. Examining the effect of changing sleep on psychological symptomology is essential to develop the evidence base on the contribution of sleep to mental resilience.ObjectivesTo examine the effect a short skills-based sleep intervention on psychological symptomology and actigraphy measured sleep.Methods
A 4-session sleep skills training programme was used to treat active SDs in participants likely to have experienced occupation-associated trauma, namely military and first responders.ResultsNineteen participants were included in the study. Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) measured; difficulty sleeping, difficulty staying asleep, waking too early, sleep satisfaction, sleep interference on quality of life and total ISI insomnia score improved significantly post-treatment (M = 9.44, SE = 7.35, p <0.001). No significant difference was identified post-treatment for actigraphy-measured sleep. The severity of depression (M = 5.27, SE = 1.41, p = 0.002), anxiety (M = 5.07, SE = 1.66, p = 0.008), and PTSD symptoms among participants with likely PTSD, were significantly lower following treatment (M = 29.4, SE = 4.19, p = 0.002).ConclusionsA short sleep skills intervention based on CBT-I was effective at reducing self-report insomnia symptoms and severity of psychological symptomology but failed to improve actigraphy sleep metrics. These findings highlight a differing contribution of night-time sleep and current insomnia symptoms to the severity of self-reported psychological symptomology.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Pharmacological Management of insomnia Associated with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Vasiliu O. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionParkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder that associates multiple psychiatric symptoms and disorders, like depression, neurocognitive impairment, sleeping disorders, etc. Insomnia is frequently detected in this population, with a prevalence of over 50% according to several studies.ObjectivesTo present a case series dedicated to the treatment of insomnia in patients diagnosed with PD, who did not meet diagnostic criteria for any other psychiatric disorder.MethodsA number of three patients (2 male, one female, mean age 65.2 years) diagnosed with PD, were evaluated for insomnia. They were all initiated on quetiapine XR 50 mg QD, and up-titrated according to the individual response. All these patients were undergoing treatment for their neurological disease, which remained stable for the next 3 months. A structured clinical evaluation was performed monthly, and safety measurements were also performed. All patients self-evaluated their insomnia severity on a 10-point visual analogic scale (VAS).ResultsAfter 3 months, patients reported a favorable evolution of their insomnia- VAS score improved significantly to baseline (from 7.3 to 3.3), without significant adverse events (metabolic parameters and QTc values did not change significantly during the treatment period). Daytime sleepiness was not reported as being significant by any of these patients. The mean dose of quetiapine XR used was 75 mg QD (50-150 mg QD), and the mean duration of the needed treatment for insomnia was 8.3 weeks (4-11 weeks).Conclusions
Quetiapine XR could be useful in patients with PD-related insomnia, and the mean dose is usually below 100 mg QD.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Anxiety and Depression in Ireland during COVID-19 – a narrative review
Authors: Sathyanarayanan V. , Shahwar D. , Azeem M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIreland has been one of the worst affected countries affected by COVID-19 in Europe. Many primary studies from Ireland have documented prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders during the pandemic and their correlates.ObjectivesTo study the prevalence range of anxiety and depression in Ireland, and their correlates during the pandemic.Methods
We systematically searched Pubmed, PsycInfo and the WHO COVID-19 global research database using key words ( January 2020 - September 2021). We removed duplicates and extracted data into an excel database and carried out a narrative synthesis of the extracted data.ResultsFrom a total 127 studies, we included 22 studies that met our criteria in our narrative review. Depending on the tool used and the type of population studied, the prevalence of general anxiety disorders varied between 20% and 49.5% while prevalence of depressive disorders ranged between 20.4% and 53.8%. Younger people, health care workers, those who had to give up physical activity, people who had lost income, those who lived alone, infected by COVID-19, or had a higher perceived risk of the disease had a higher prevalence of both anxiety and depression disorders during the pandemic. There was conflicting evidence on prevalence levels among men and women and on whether they had children or not.ConclusionsCOVID-19 has had a profound effect on the mental health of the Irish population. Some population groups are more affected than the others. Addressing mental health concerns of Irish population during and post pandemic should remain as one of the top public health priorities.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The Moderating Effects of Social Support in the Relationship between Problem Drinking and Depression of the elderly disabled
Authors: Yoon M.S. , Yu H. , Yu M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIn recent years, the elderly population in Korea has rapidly increased, and the proportion of the elderly over 65 years old was 14% as of 2017. In particular, as the elderly population increases, the number of elderly people with disabilities has increased by 16.3% over the past 7 years, from 30.3% in 2010 to 46.6% in 2017. Based on the dual view of the elderly and the disabled, it is necessary to pay attention to the problems of drinking and depression in these relatively marginalized groups.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the moderating effect of social support between problem drinking and depression of the elderly with disabilityMethodsThis study analyzed the 12th wave(2017) KWPS(Korean Welfare Panel Study) and Disability Study which included 195 elderly with disability aged 60 over. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS 21.0 and STATA.Results
First, the elderly with disabilities were more likely to be depressed than the women, living without spouse, the less satisfied with health, the higher the problem drinking, the lower the social support. Second, disability factors didn’t show any influence on the depression of subject and subjective health satisfaction significantly related to the depression. Third, social support moderated the relationship between the problem drinking and depression. According to the Quantile regression analysis, in group with low social support, the more the problem drinking, the higher the depression.ConclusionsSocial support in elderly with disability was a significant factor for problem drinking and depression. The implication and limitation of these findings are discussedDisclosureNo significant relationships.
Generalized problematic internet use, emotional regulation and self-esteem in adults
Authors: Maia B.R. , Morgado P. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMany internationally studies, in the last two decades, found problematic internet use associated with a variety of psychosocial problems, but in Portugal this is a recent research question specially in adults.ObjectivesTo explore the relationship between problematic Internet use, emotional regulation and self-esteem.Methods138 Portuguese subjects (77.5% females), with a mean age of 27.76 years old (SD = 8.98, range: 18-58) filled in the Portuguese versions of the Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale-2, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.ResultsNegative consequences subscale of generalized problematic internet use was positively correlated with all the emotional regulation difficulties subscales and negatively with Self-Esteem, and positively with daily hours of internet usage. A similar result was found for Self-Deficient Regulation subscale, except for Clarity subscale. Mood Regulation was correlated with Strategies, Goals and Self-Esteem. Males showed higher levels of Negative Consequences. Age and age onset of Internet use were negatively correlated with Mood Regulation, Self-Deficient Regulation and Negative Consequences. A statistically significant difference in Mood Regulation, Self-Deficient Regulation and Negative Consequences in marital status levels, and in professional situation, with higher median scores in divorced and single without a relationship and in student subjects; no significant differences were found in educational level.ConclusionsGeneralized problematic Internet use, especially their Negative Consequences, is associated with higher emotional dysregulation, low self-esteem, lower age and lower age of Internet onset, being divorced or single without a relationship and being student, and it is more prevalent in males.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Film or mirror? The exploration of narratives during the road from recognition to recovery of addictive disorders
Authors: Krupa M. , Kiss E. , Kapornai K. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe examination of the cinematic metanarrative provides many possibilities for recovery-oriented addiction consultation. The key to efficiency can be the approach of the recipient’s point of view and attitude, with which the client can interpret his own traumas and life story retrospectively.ObjectivesOur aim is to show that the recognition, the turning points, the acknowledgement and the recovery from addiction can be described as a model in the deep structure of recovery stories. Can narrative research explore more deeply the main stages of recovery andidentity shaping, with the possible use of the film’s narrative technique?Methods12 recovering addicts were interviewed who have been clean for at least 4 years. Interviews covered the years spent as addicts and the path to recovery using the method of deductive metanarrative analysis.ResultsBased on the results of the analysis, elements of the film narrative could be found together major psychoanalysis concepts and literary theory models in the semi-structured interviews. Emotion control dysregulation all appear in the stories. Together these can be traced to a summary narrative and a historical line. Furthermore, the addicted person as a hero, the compulsion to repeat and its spookiness, and the role of the helpers also appear in the retrospective narratives without exception.ConclusionsThe well-structured, coherent recovery stories help the recoverer to reconstruct their self, to make the behavioral change permanent, thus reducing the chances of relapse. The film narrative and toolkit provide an opportunity based on similarities with the narrator’s framework, which can strengthen the recovering identity.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Mindfulness based relapse prevention (MBRP, Marlatt) in a naturalistic setting for patients with substance use disorder (SUD)
Authors: Veeser J. , Hanak C. , Rogiers A. , Devos M. , Page N. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMBRP has become an established treatment in the field of addiction, but implementing the program in an outpatient setting remains a challenge.ObjectivesWe investigated the feasibility of MBRP in an naturalistic outpatient setting and the effect of mindfulness on underlying factors of addiction.MethodsAll patients treated between 2015 and 2019 in the MBRP program at Brugmann University Hospital and Addiction Center Enaden were eligible to participate. Patients were asked to fill in a questionnaire about underlying factors of SUD in the domains of pleasure, emotion regulation, stress, relationship with others and relationship with oneself as well as the effect of the completed training on these factors.ResultsOf the 147(74 F) recruited patients; 32 patients completed the questionnaire. The study population differed in terms of substance (mainly alcohol but also cocaine, cannabis, heroine) as well in their aims towards the substance (reduce, stop or maintaining abstinence). Participation of at least 4 of the 8 sessions was 63 % and overall satisfaction of patients was high. We found a positive effect of mindfulness on all of the underlying factors for SUD. Underlying factors of SUD, as well as the effect of mindfulness on these factors showed strong individual variation. The most frequently observed negative effect was acute craving; 1 patient became acute suicidal.ConclusionsMBRP is feasible and has a clinical relevant impact on underlying factors of SUD. Negative effects were also observed and should be carefully monitored.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychosocial contributors to Internet and social media addiction among adult women
Authors: Rachubińska K. , Cybulska A. , Szkup M. , Schneider-Matyka D. , Grochans E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionWhen speaking of behavioral addictions (especially to the Internet and social media), it is emphasized that it is not the environment that is the main contributor to addiction, but rather certain behaviors and personality traits.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the level of Internet and social media addiction on the example of Facebook with regard to psychological and social factors.MethodsThis survey-based study involved a group of women representing the female population in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland (N = 556). Research instruments were a self-developed questionnaire concerning sociodemographic data, the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Internet Addiction Test, and the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale.ResultsAge, depressive symptoms, loneliness were the variable contributing to Internet and Facebook addiction among the studied. Available studies confirm the results of their own research.Employed n = 496Unemployed n = 60pBDI4.0(1.0 – 10.0)6.5 (1.5 – 12.5)0.20DJGLS34.1 ± 3.733.0 ± 5.00.09IAT32.0 (24.0 – 44.0)24.5 (20.0 – 32.0)< 0.001BFAS8.0 (6.0 – 12.0)6.0 (6.0 – 7.5)< 0.001Conclusions
Depressive symptoms and dependence on the Internet and Facebook were more common among single women. In the employed women, we only observed higher levels of Internet and Facebook addiction. The level of dependence on the Internet and Facebook was higher among younger women. Loneliness correlated with Internet and Facebook addiction, and more severe depressive symptoms entailed higher levels of Internet and Facebook addiction.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Perception of addictions and religiosity in medical students
Authors: Ellouze A.S. , Maalej M. , Feki R. , Gassara I. , Smaoui N. , Omri S. , Zouari L. , Maalej M. , Charfi N. , Ben Thabet J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionReligiosity is among the factors that determine the doctor’s relationship with his addict patient and the empathy he should have.Objectives
To verify whether future doctors are aware of the addictogenic power of certain substances and certain behaviors and to study their perception of different addictions according to religiosity.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study with interns and externs of the Sfax medical faculty, in November 2016, via an anonymous questionnaire.Results141 students were included and 98,6% declared to be believers. The average age was 23 years. The sex ratio was 0.38. Alcoholism was the addiction most considered as a sin (87.9%), smoking 51.8%, hookah 45.4%, cannabis 78%, gambling 77.3%, internet addiction 16.3%, video game addiction 15.6%, work addiction 8.5%, and exercise addiction 5.7%. Female gender was more often correlated with perceived alcoholism, cannabis addiction, and gambling as sins (p = 0.002; p <0.001 and p = 0.043, respectively). Gambling was significantly more condemned by the participants who fasted (p <0.001). Prayer was significantly correlated with religious disapproval of addictions to tobacco, hookah, alcohol, cannabis and gambling (respectively p <0.001, p = 0.001, p <0.001 , p <0.001, p <0.001). Smoking, hookah and alcohol were significantly more perceived as sins by veiled women (respectively p = 0.011, p = 0.002, p = 0.040).ConclusionsAccording to our study, most medical students have a religiously hostile attitude to many addictions. Improving medical training in addictology would allow them to adopt the necessary empathic attitude, without being judgmental.DisclosureNo significant relationships.