bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful tracheal regeneration using biofabricated autologous analogues without artificial supports
Authors: Hiwatashi Shohei , Iwai Ryosuke , Nakayama Yasuhide , Moriwaki Takeshi , Okuyama Hiroomi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTracheas have a tubular structure consisting of cartilage rings continuously joined by a connective tissue membrane comprising a capillary network for tissue survival. Several tissue engineering efforts have been devoted to the design of scaffolds to produce complex structures. In this study, we successfully fabricated an artificial materials-free autologous tracheal analogue with engraftment ability by combining in vitro cell self-aggregation technique and in-body tissue architecture. The cartilage rings prepared by aggregating chondrocytes on designated culture grooves that induce cell self-aggregation were alternately connected to the connective tissues to form tubular tracheal analogues by subcutaneous embedding as in-body tissue architecture. The tracheal analogues allogeneically implanted into the rat trachea matured into native-like tracheal tissue by covering of luminal surfaces by the ciliated epithelium with mucus-producing goblet cells within eight months after implantation, while maintaining their structural integrity. Such autologous tracheal analogues would provide a foundation for further clinical research on the application of tissue-engineered tracheas to ensure their long-term functionality.
A practical spatial analysis method for elucidating the biological mechanisms of cancers with abdominal dissemination in vivo
Authors: Ota Yukihide , Sato Shinya , Yoshihara Mitsuyo , Nakamura Yoshiyasu , Miyagi Etsuko , Miyagi Yohei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElucidation of spatial interactions between cancer and host cells is important for the development of new therapies against disseminated cancers. The aim of this study is to establish easy and useful method for elucidating spatial interactions. In this study, we developed a practical spatial analysis method using a gel-based embedding system and applied it to a murine model of cancer dissemination. After euthanization, every abdominal organ enclosed in the peritoneum was extracted en bloc. We injected agarose gel into the peritoneal cavities to preserve the spatial locations of the organs, including their metastatic niches, and then produced specimens when the gel had solidified. Preservation of the original spatial localization was confirmed by correlating magnetic resonance imaging results with the sectioned specimens. We examined the effects of spatial localization on cancer hypoxia using immunohistochemical hypoxia markers. Finally, we identified the mRNA expression of the specimens and demonstrated the applicability of spatial genetic analysis. In conclusion, we established a practical method for the in vivo investigation of spatial location-specific biological mechanisms in disseminated cancers. Our method can elucidate dissemination mechanisms, find therapeutic targets, and evaluate cancer therapeutic effects.
Differential expansion speeds of Indo-Pacific warm pool and deep convection favoring pool under greenhouse warming
Authors: Leung Jeremy Cheuk-Hin , Zhang Banglin , Gan Qiuying , Wang Lei , Qian Weihong , Hu Zeng-Zhen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Indo-Pacific warm pool (IPWP), which affects the global climate system through supporting tropical convection, has been reported to expand significantly under greenhouse warming. Although early research revealed that the sea surface temperature (SST) threshold for deep convection (σconv) increases with global warming, many latest relevant works were still conducted based on the traditional IPWP definition (e.g., static SST = 28 °C threshold, and is referred to as the oceanic warm pool, OWP28). Here, we claim that the OWP28expansion differs from the deep convection favoring pool (DCFP) area change and may not reflect the direct impacts of Indo-Pacific warming on the climate system. Results show that, because of the long-term increase in σconv, the DCFP expands at a rate 2.6 times slower than the OWP28from 1979 to 2020. The difference reaches 12–27 times from 2015–2100 under different emission scenarios, based on CMIP6 model simulations. While the OWP28expands to the eastern Pacific, the DCFP will remain within the Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean regardless of emission levels. This study emphasizes the necessity of considering the response of the relationship between deep convection and SST to climate change when studying the long-term variability of the IPWP.
Interaction kinetics between p115-RhoGEF and Gα13 are determined by unique molecular interactions affecting agonist sensitivity
Authors: Redlin Fabian , Krett Anna-Lena , Bünemann Moritz 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe three RH-RhoGEFs (Guanine nucleotide exchange factors) p115-RhoGEF, LARG (leukemia-associated RhoGEF) and PDZ-RhoGEF link G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) with RhoA signaling through activation of Gα12/13. In order to find functional differences in signaling between the different RH-RhoGEFs we examined their interaction with Gα13 in high spatial and temporal resolution, utilizing a FRET-based single cell assay. We found that p115-RhoGEF interacts significantly shorter with Gα13 than LARG and PDZ-RhoGEF, while narrowing the structural basis for these differences down to a single amino acid in the rgRGS domain of p115-RhoGEF. The mutation of this amino acid led to an increased interaction time with Gα13 and an enhanced agonist sensitivity, comparable to LARG, while mutating the corresponding amino acid in Gα13 the same effect could be achieved. While the rgRGS domains of RH-RhoGEFs showed GAP (GTPase-activating protein) activity towards Gα13 in vitro, our approach suggests higher GAP activity of p115-RhoGEF in intact cells.
Vitamin D status modulates mitochondrial oxidative capacities in skeletal muscle: role in sarcopenia
Authors: Salles Jérôme , Chanet Audrey , Guillet Christelle , Vaes Anouk MM. , Brouwer-Brolsma Elske M. , Rocher Christophe , Giraudet Christophe , Patrac Véronique , Meugnier Emmanuelle , Montaurier Christophe , Denis Philippe , Le Bacquer Olivier , Blot Adeline , Jourdan Marion , Luiking Yvette , Furber Matthew , Van Dijk Miriam , Tardif Nicolas , Yves Boirie Y. , Walrand Stéphane 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSkeletal muscle mitochondrial function is the biggest component of whole-body energy output. Mitochondrial energy production during exercise is impaired in vitamin D-deficient subjects. In cultured myotubes, loss of vitamin D receptor (VDR) function decreases mitochondrial respiration rate and ATP production from oxidative phosphorylation. We aimed to examine the effects of vitamin D deficiency and supplementation on whole-body energy expenditure and muscle mitochondrial function in old rats, old mice, and human subjects. To gain further insight into the mechanisms involved, we used C2C12 and human muscle cells and transgenic mice with muscle-specific VDR tamoxifen-inducible deficiency. We observed that in vivo and in vitro vitamin D fluctuations changed mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative activity in skeletal muscle. Vitamin D supplementation initiated in older people improved muscle mass and strength. We hypothesize that vitamin D supplementation is likely to help prevent not only sarcopenia but also sarcopenic obesity in vitamin D-deficient subjects.
A phase I/Ib trial and biological correlate analysis of neoadjuvant SBRT with single-dose durvalumab in HPV-unrelated locally advanced HNSCC
Authors: Darragh Laurel B. , Knitz Michael M. , Hu Junxiao , Clambey Eric T. , Backus Jennifer , Dumit Andrew , Samedi Von , Bubak Andrew , Greene Casey , Waxweiler Timothy , Mehrotra Sanjana , Bhatia Shilpa , Gadwa Jacob , Bickett Thomas , Piper Miles , Fakhoury Kareem , Liu Arthur , Petit Joshua , Bowles Daniel , Thaker Ashesh , Atiyeh Kimberly , Goddard Julie , Hoyer Robert , Van Bokhoven Adrie , Jordan Kimberly , Jimeno Antonio , D’Alessandro Angelo , Raben David , McDermott Jessica D. , Karam Sana D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFive-year survival for human papilloma virus-unrelated head and neck squamous cell carcinomas remain below 50%. We assessed the safety of administering combination hypofractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy with single-dose durvalumab (anti-PD-L1) neoadjuvantly (n = 21) (NCT03635164). The primary endpoint of the study was safety, which was met. Secondary endpoints included radiographic, pathologic and objective response; locoregional control; progression-free survival; and overall survival. Among evaluable patients at an early median follow-up of 16 months (448 d or 64 weeks), overall survival was 80.1% with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) (62.0%, 100.0%), locoregional control and progression-free survival were 75.8% with 95% CI (57.5%, 99.8%), and major pathological response or complete response was 75% with 95% exact CI (51.6%, 100.0%). For patients treated with 24 Gy, 89% with 95% CI (57.1%, 100.0%) had MPR or CR. Using high-dimensional multi-omics and spatial data as well as biological correlatives, we show that responders had: (1) an increase in effector T cells; (2) a decrease in immunosuppressive cells; and (3) an increase in antigen presentation post-treatment.
An efficient anchor‐free method for pig detection
Authors: Mattina Morann , Benzinou Abdesslam , Nasreddine Kamal , Richard Francis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGiven the rapid growth of commercial pig farms, the need to automatically monitor pig behaviour becomes more important in order to assist farmers. Recent advances in convolutional neural networks may pave the way for new solutions. However, the primary task of individual pig detection under real‐world conditions is still a challenging task. Previous studies used anchor‐based frameworks that are unsuitable for such crowded scenarios with extreme overlapping. Furthermore, most applications focus on specific levels of brightness, farm facilities, or pig species without considering generalization. To tackle these problems, an anchor‐free pig detection method based on pig centre localization is first proposed. Then, a novel negative training data augmentation technique is introduced using examples from outside the training distribution. Furthermore, using the test time augmentation technique is proposed to improve the model performance. Experiments are conducted on two online pig detection datasets; the network surpasses state‐of‐the‐art results for both datasets. It is also found that the proposed method outperforms the latest anchor‐free techniques commonly used in crowded scenarios. The method can detect pigs individually, even if their bounding boxes overlap strongly or occlude each other. Moreover, the real‐time system achieves an improvement of 10% in when testing in unconstrained real‐world conditions.
A bibliometric and scientometric review of research on crowdsourcing in smart cities
Authors: Jiang Youtao , Guo Bowen , Zhang Xunda , Tian Hongxin , Wang Yue , Cheng Ming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe smart city model for operation and governance of modern cities requires huge quantities of data about people and the environment to support related applications, and crowdsourcing is effective for collecting and processing such data. Numerous reviews of the literature on crowdsourcing and smart cities as separate research fields have been published. Research on the intersection of the two is relatively new and lacks a systematic literature review. This study applies bibliometric and scientometric research methods and the research tools to study 367 related publications retrieved from the Web of Science database. Keyword co‐occurrence analysis was conducted to find the distribution of publications, research cooperation, and major research areas. Document co‐citation analysis was used to examine the domain knowledge structure, and citation burst detection was used to identify trends in research in this topic area. The analysis results clarify the research content and evolutionary context and reveal emerging research trends.
« Les pouvoirs publics doivent intégrer la notion de risque »
Authors: Viktorovitch Michel , Dupin Ludovic 
Published: November 2022

Fin 2021, le président de la République annonçait un grand programme d’investissement baptisé « France 2030 ». Au programme, entre autres choses, un appel à projets pour des « réacteurs nucléaires innovants ». Michel Viktorovitch, directeur adjoint au SGPI, nous décrit la stratégie de l’État pour doper les acteurs émergents dans ce secteur-clé de l’économie française.
Ernährungsmedizinischer Bedarf und reale Versorgung von Brustkrebspatientinnen
Authors: Ostermann Jasmin , Smollich Martin 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Für die Primärtherapie und Rezidivprävention des Mammakarzinoms sind der Ernährungsstatus und mögliche Effekte von Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln von großer klinischer Relevanz. Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war die Beantwortung der Frage, ob es eine Diskrepanz zwischen dem ernährungsmedizinischen Bedarf von Brustkrebspatientinnen und der realen Versorgungssituation gibt.
Methoden Von Dezember 2019 bis März 2020 wurden Brustkrebspatientinnen mittels eines Online-Fragebogens zu den persönlichen Erfahrungen während ihrer onkologischen Therapie befragt. Die erhobenen Daten wurden statistisch ausgewertet und kritisch diskutiert.
Ergebnisse Von den befragten Brustkrebspatientinnen (n = 166) gaben 64,5 % an, keine Ernährungsberatung erhalten zu haben, wobei sich von diesen Frauen 71,8 % eine Ernährungsberatung gewünscht hätten. 56 % der Frauen gaben an, keinerlei Beratung bezüglich der Einnahme von Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln erhalten zu haben; gleichzeitig hatten aber 80,8 % der Frauen während ihrer onkologischen Therapie Nahrungsergänzungsmittel eingenommen. 83,7 % der Frauen informierten sich selbstständig über mögliche therapiebegleitende Ernährungstherapien, wobei die Informationen mit 71,2 % am häufigsten von Internetseiten und Online-Foren stammten.
Diskussion Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine erhebliche Diskrepanz zwischen ernährungsmedizinischem Bedarf und realer Beratungssituation von Frauen mit Brustkrebs. Trotz des mehrheitlich artikulierten Bedarfs einer individuellen Ernährungsberatung wird diese in der Regel nicht angeboten. Die strukturelle Implementierung einer qualifizierten Ernährungsberatung für alle Brustkrebspatientinnen wäre dringend notwendig, um durch einen optimierten Ernährungsstatus die Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit der onkologischen Therapie zu verbessern und potenziell gefährliche Wechselwirkungen mit Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln zu vermeiden.
Chronotopic resolution, embodied subjectivity, and collective learning
Authors: Karimzad Farzad , Catedral Lydia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In our contribution to this special issue on “Chronotopes & the COVID-19 Pandemic”, we discuss the
complexities of human survival and its dependence on collective learning. We argue that
collective learning – and thus survival – is a sociolinguistic phenomenon and lay out a fractal system in which the related
sociolinguistic processes play out. This system highlights the chronotopic-scalar situatedness of survival and captures the
material, textual, and imagined aspects of learning and meaning-making. Drawing on interactions among a small group of Iranian
migrants dealing with the effects of COVID-19, we discuss the processes through which participants dynamically construct and
update their chronotopic images of their new circumstances, as they interact with material and semiotic data coming from multiple
scales/centers. We show how the normative-semiotic indeterminacies caused by COVID-19 are navigated by social actors as they make
sense of their spatiotemporal surroundings in pursuit of material and ideological survival.
Preparation and properties of environmentally benign waterborne polyurethane composites from sodium-alginate-modified nano calcium carbonate
Authors: Yang Yuhang , Pan Guanghua , Li Xing , Xu Wenqin , Chen Nanchun , Xie QingLin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Well-dispersed inorganic nanoparticles in organic polymers are critical in the preparation of high-performance nanocomposites. This study prepared a series of waterborne polyurethane (WPU)/calcium carbonate nanocomposites using the solution blending method. Next, FT-IR, TG-DTG and XRD tests were carried out to confirm that the biopolymer sodium alginate (SA) was successfully encapsulated on the surface of the calcium carbonate nanoparticles, and that SA achieved satisfactory surface modification of the calcium carbonate nanoparticles. The Zeta and ultraviolet (UV) absorbance test results reveal that SA-modified nano calcium carbonate (MCC) had good dispersion stability in water. The effects of the MCC dosage on the composite mechanical properties, thermal stability, and cross-sectional morphology observed by scanning electron microscopy, and the water resistance of the nanocomposite were investigated. The results reveal that the incorporation of 3wt% of MCC in WPU had stable distribution, which led to a 54% increase in the tensile strength of the nanocomposite, while maintaining excellent elongation at break (2187%) and increasing the maximum decomposition temperature to 419.6 °C. Importantly, the improved water resistance facilitates the application of this environmentally benign composite material in humid environments.
Simple Ge/Si bilayer junction-based doping-less tunnel field-effect transistor
Authors: Kim Min-Won , Kim Ji-Hun , Kim Hyeon-Jun , Seo Jeong-Woo , Park Jea-Gun , Hong Jin-Pyo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Tunnel field-effect transistors (TFETs) have garnered great interest as an option for the replacement of metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors owing to their extremely low off-current and fast switching suitable for low-power-consumption applications. However, conventional doped TFETs have the disadvantage of introducing undesirable random dopant fluctuation (RDF) events, which cause a large variance in the threshold voltage and ambipolar leakage current at negative gate voltages. In this study, a simple approach for charge plasma-based doping-less TFETs (DL-TFETs), including the Ge/Si bilayer frame, which affects the RDF and low on-current issues, was developed by the commercially available Silvaco Atlas device simulator. The use of the Ge/Si bilayer enhances the on-current and point subthreshold swing to 1.4 × 10−6 A and 16.6 mV dec−1, respectively. In addition, the dependencies of the Ge/Si junction boundary position and Ge content were examined systematically to attain a firm understanding of the electrical features in DL-TFETs.
A voxel-by-voxel method for mixing two filaments during a 3D printing process for soft-tissue replication in an anthropomorphic breast phantom
Authors: Okkalidis Nikiforos , Bliznakova Kristina 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. In this study, a novel voxel-by-voxel mixing method is presented, according to which two filaments of different material are combined during the three dimensional (3D) printing process. Approach. In our approach, two types of filaments were used for the replication of soft-tissues, a polylactic acid (PLA) filament and a polypropylene (PP) filament. A custom-made software was used, while a series of breast patient CT scan images were directly associated to the 3D printing process. Each phantom´s layer was printed twice, once with the PLA filament and a second time with the PP filament. For each material, the filament extrusion rate was controlled voxel-by-voxel and was based on the Hounsfield units (HU) of the imported CT images. The phantom was scanned at clinical CT, breast tomosynthesis and micro CT facilities, as the major processing was performed on data from the CT. A side by side comparison between patient´s and phantom´s CT slices by means of profile and histogram comparison was accomplished. Further, in case of profile comparison, the Pearson´s coefficients were calculated. Main results. The visual assessment of the distribution of the glandular tissue in the CT slices of the printed breast anatomy showed high degree of radiological similarity to the corresponding patient´s glandular distribution. The profile plots´ comparison showed that the HU of the replicated and original patient soft tissues match adequately. In overall, the Pearson´s coefficients were above 0.91, suggesting a close match of the CT images of the phantom with those of the patient. The overall HU were close in terms of HU ranges. The HU mean, median and standard deviation of the original and the phantom CT slices were −149, −167, ±65 and −121, −130, ±91, respectively. Significance. The results suggest that the proposed methodology is appropriate for manufacturing of anthropomorphic soft tissue phantoms for x-ray imaging and dosimetry purposes, since it may offer an accurate replication of these tissues.
Conservative weakly compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics applied to flows with high vorticity
Authors: Kajzer Adam 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method in the so-called weakly compressible variant (which mimics the incompressibility conditions) is studied in the context of its resolving power of vortical flows. It is well known that the conservative formulations of SPH have serious problems to provide reasonably accurate solutions even in simple flow cases. This deficiency is additionally emphasized by the fact that conservative SPH formulations are not numerically convergent. We investigate and discuss chosen techniques to improve the results; yet, the convergence issue remains. Maintaining the conservative properties (often presented in the literature as the SPH biggest advantage) requires procedures which are in contradiction with the accuracy improvements. Some myths about SPH are discussed and denied.
Simulations of Johnson-Segalman viscoelastic fluids flows in shear-thinning regime
Authors: Bodnár Tomáš , Sequeira Adélia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper presents selected numerical simulations performed using Johnson–Segalman model with specific setting of the convected derivative resulting in shear-thinning behavior of the model. The results are compared with the generalized Oldroyd-B model, which is typically used to simulate shear-thinning viscoelastic flows. Both models are solved using an in-house finite-volume solver on structured grid simulating steady flow in three-dimensional axisymmetric channel with smooth contraction. The results presented here focus on the flow recirculation behind the contraction and the structure of the forces emanating from the viscoelastic stress tensor.