bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catalytic Kinetic Resolution and Desymmetrization of Amines
Authors: Yang Xiaoyu , Liu Wei , Wang Donglei , Zhang Dekun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOptically active amines represent critically important subunits in bioactive natural products and pharmaceuticals, as well as key scaffolds in chiral catalysts and ligands. Kinetic resolution of racemic amines and enantioselective desymmetrization of prochiral amines have proved to be efficient methods to access enantioenriched amines, especially when the racemic or prochiral amines were easy to prepare while the chiral ones are difficult to be accessed directly. In this Account, we systematically summarized the development of kinetic resolution and desymmetrization of amines through nonenzymatic asymmetric catalytic approaches in the last two decades.1	Introduction2	Kinetic Resolution of Amines2.1	Kinetic Resolution of Amines via Asymmetric Transformations of the Amino Group2.1.1	Asymmetric N-Acylations2.1.2	Asymmetric N-Alkylation2.1.3	Asymmetric N-Arylation2.1.4	Other Asymmetric N-Functionalizations2.1.5	Asymmetric Dehydrogenation of Amines2.1.6	Selective C–N Bond Cleavage of Amines2.2	Kinetic Resolution of Amines via Asymmetric Transformations without Amino Group Participating3	Enantioselective Desymmetrization of Amines3.1	Desymmetrization of Diamines3.2	Desymmetrization of Prochiral Monoamines4	Conclusion and Outlooks
Comparison of Velocity and Percentage-based Training on Maximal
Strength: Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Mingyang , Tan Qiang , Sun Jian , Ding Shicong , Yang Qun , Zhang Zhiyong , Lu Junbing , Liang Xingyue , Li Duanying 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe purpose was to analyze the comparison of velocity-based resistance training
and one-repetition maximum (%1RM) percentage-based training in maximal
strength improvement by meta-analyzing and to find the reasons for the
controversial findings of different studies. Ten studies were included in the
systematic review and seven were subjected to meta-analysis. A total of 139
subjects were selected from the included articles after exclusion, including
athletes of different specialties (N=93) and non-athletes mainly from
fitness groups (N=46). The overall effect size was SMD=0.26
(95%CL 0.03 to 0.49, P=0.03, I²=0). As for the
comparison of the analysis of different intervention objects as subgroups, the
effect size of athletes as the subgroup was 0.35 (95%CI 0.06 to 0.64,
p=0.02, I²=0), indicating that in the RCT with athletes
as the intervention target, the effect of VBRT in improving the maximal strength
was significantly different from that of PBT. Velocity-based resistance training
might be more effective than percentage-based training in maximal strength
improvement, in which velocity-based resistance training is more suitable for
athletes in season, while percentage-based training is more suitable for the
general sports population. More high-quality researches should deal with the
effect of other athletic performance with velocity-based resistance training in
the future.
Bioglass: A New Era in Modern Dentistry
Authors: Singh Shruti , Patil Amit , Mali Sheetal , Jaiswal Himmat 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe function of biomaterials has been to replace infected or injured tissues. The first used biomaterials were bioinert, thus minimizing formation of scar tissue at the interface with host tissues. Bioglass was discovered in 1969. Larry Hench developed Bioglass 45S5, which was the earliest synthetic substance that was bonded chemically with bone. In recent researches it has appeared that Bioglass bonds with bone more readily than other bioceramics; it also indicated that the osteogenic properties are due to stimulation of osteoprogenitor cells by the dissolution products formed from Bioglass. Bioglass is chemically calcium sodium phosphosilicate, which is capable of forming an active chemical bond with the tissues. Bioglass is particularly biocompatible which, when placed in body cavity or on reacting with body stimulating factors, induces hydroxyapatite formation. This paper reviews Bioglass as a material of modern dentistry and its various applications in modern dentistry. It also discusses its composition, methods of preparation, and mechanism of action, along with its advantages and disadvantages.
Association between Fecal Incontinence and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and their Impact on the Quality of Life of Patients with Prostate Cancer
Authors: Azevedo Natália Burgos Freire , Abreu Glícia Estevam de 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the association of fecal incontinence (FI) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients diagnosed with initial prostate cancer (PC) and after any therapeutic approach (surgery and radiotherapy).
Methods Cross-sectional study using the Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Score (CCIS), the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life (FIQL) questionnaire, and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder (ICIQ-OAB).
Results A total of 84 patients with PC were included: 40 of them had not started treatment, 31 were submitted to radical prostatectomy (RP), and 13 were submitted to radiotherapy (RT). Those submitted to RT presented higher scores on the ICIQ-OAB (p = 0.01). When comparing the whole sample reagarding the patients with and without FI, we observed that the incontinents presented a higher frequency of urinary incontinence (UI) (p < 0.001). Moreover, when comparing patients with/without FI within their treatment groups regarding the presence of UI and FIQL scores, we identified that patients undergoing RP presented an association between UI and FI (p < 0.001) and a greater impact of FI on the FIQL (p < 0.001).
Conclusion Patients submitted to RT present more intense LUTS. Moreover, patients with FI present a higher association with UI, and this association is more marked in those with FI submitted to RP.
Incidence of Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch in Valve-in-Valve with a Supra-Annular Valve
Authors: Alwan Louhai , Ruge Hendrik , Krane Markus , Prinzing Anatol , Noebauer Christian , Lange Rüdiger , Erlebach Magdalena 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for a degenerated surgical bioprosthesis (valve-in-valve [ViV]) has become an established procedure. Elevated gradients and patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM) have previously been reported in mixed TAVR cohorts. We analyzed our single-center experience using the third-generation self-expanding Medtronic Evolut R prosthesis, with an emphasis on the incidence and outcomes of PPM.
Methods This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from our TAVR database. Intraprocedural and intrahospital outcomes are reported.
Results Eighty-six patients underwent ViV-TAVR with the Evolut R prosthesis. Mean age was 75.5 ± 9.5 years, 64% were males. The mean log EuroScore was 21.6 ± 15.7%. The mean time between initial surgical valve implantation and ViV-TAVR was 8.8 ± 3.2 years. The mean true internal diameter of the implanted surgical valves was 20.9 ± 2.2 mm. Post-AVR, 60% had no PPM, 34% had moderate PPM, and 6% had severe PPM. After ViV-TAVR, 33% had no PPM, 29% had moderate, and 39% had severe PPM. After implantation, the mean transvalvular gradient was reduced significantly from 36.4 ± 15.2 to 15.5 ± 9.1 mm Hg (p < 0.001). No patient had more than mild aortic regurgitation after ViV-TAVR. No conversion to surgery was necessary. Estimated Kaplan–Meier survival at 1 year for all patients was 87.4%. One-year survival showed no significant difference according to post-ViV PPM groups (p = 0.356).
Conclusion ViV-TAVR using a supra-annular valve resulted in low procedural and in-hospital complication rates. However, moderate or severe PPM was common, with no influence on short-term survival. PPM may not be a suitable factor to predict survival after ViV-TAVR.
Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination in India after the First Phase-Out: A Cross-Sectional Community-Based Study
Authors: Shukla Neetu , Agarwal Monika , Khanna Anish , Shukla Amritesh Chandra , Varghese Anila 
Published: March 2022

Background
India rolled out the world's largest vaccination program on January 16, 2021, marking the beginning of an effort to vaccinate a population of 1.3 billion against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. However, the hesitancy toward safe and effective vaccine against severe infection is a major global health threat. Hence, public acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine would be an essential deterrent to the pandemic control.

Materials and Methods
A cross-sectional online study was conducted among the Indians from January 1 to January 31, 2021. The online questionnaire addressed several variables, including the sociodemographic parameters, COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, and concerns regarding COVID-19 vaccine.

Results
Out of total 450 participants, majority of them (97.1) were aware about the COVID-19 vaccination drive. Only 66.2% showed their willingness to accept vaccination, 26.0% were still indecisive, and 7.8% did not want to accept it.

Conclusion
Despite numerous efforts by various scientific organizations, public health experts, and media outlets, to educate the general population about the COVID-19 vaccine, significant portion of the Indian population may experience vaccine hesitancy, which poses dangers to both the individual and their community. Therefore, we must target these potential candidates, who are indecisive, for intervention to increase vaccine acceptance across the country. In this regard, large-scale study is required to understand the knowledge, expectation, and apprehension covering various economic and occupational strata of the society.
Time-Based Learning Curve for Robotic-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Chen Zhongming , Bhowmik-Stoker Manoshi , Palmer Matthew , Coppolecchia Andrea , Harder Benjamin , Mont Michael A. , Marchand Robert C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRobotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (RA-TKA) has been shown to improve the accuracy of bone resection, reduce radiographic outliers, and decrease iatrogenic injury. However, it has also been shown that RA-TKA surgical times can be longer than manual surgery during adoption. The purpose of this article was to investigate (1) the characteristics of the operative time curves and trends, noting the amount of surgeons who improved, for those who performed at least 12 cases (based on initial modeling); (2) the proportion of RA surgeons who achieved the same operative times for RA-TKA as compared with manual TKAs; and (3) the number of RA-TKA cases until a steady-state operative time was achieved. TKA operative times were collected from 30 hospitals for 146 surgeons between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2019. A hierarchical Bayesian model was used to estimate the difference between the mean RA-TKA times by case interval and the weighted baseline for manual times. The learning curve was observed at the 12th case. Therefore, operative times were analyzed for each surgeon who performed at least 12 RA-TKA cases to determine the percentage of these surgeons who trended toward a decrease or increase in their times. These surgeons were further analyzed to determine the proportion who achieved the same operating times as manual TKAs. A further hierarchical Bayesian model was used to determine when these surgeons achieved steady-state operative times. There were 60 surgeons (82%) who had decreasing surgical times over the first 12 RA-TKA cases. The remaining 13 (18%) had increasing surgical times (mean increase of 0.59 minutes/case). Approximately two-thirds of the surgeons (64%) achieved the same operating times as manual cases. The steady-state time neutrality occurred between 15 and 20 cases and beyond. This study demonstrated the learning curve for a large cohort of RA-TKAs. This model demonstrated a learning curve between 15 and 20 cases and beyond. These are important findings for this innovative technology.
How South Korean Internet users experienced the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic: discourse on Instagram
Authors: Kim Seoyoung , Lim Hyun-Woo , Chung Shin-Young 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study explores how South Korean individuals managed the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in their daily lives during a time of continuous and sustained social distancing using 8241 Instagram posts from May 6 to June 16, 2020. Co-word analysis found two main theme clusters highlighting individuals’ endeavors in daily life management and their fear of COVID-19 infection. DMR topic modeling analysis resulted in five higher-order themes, each reflecting different aspects of people’s COVID-19 experiences. Overall, the results shed light on individuals’ resilience in managing their daily lives despite the fear and discomfort caused by the pandemic. Results also highlight the possibility that the discursive practices of Social Network Services (SNS) reinforce hatred against social minorities and frame otherizing COVID-19 patients as legitimate. The present study suggests the need for a range of social support to help individuals and communities during the prolonged pandemic, including a long-term, large-scale psychological quarantine system. Deliberate social measures also need to be taken to promote the process of social sharing through media texts and SNS to resist hateful frames and othering of social minorities. Limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are provided.
Electronic band structure and magnetism of CoFeV0.5Mn0.5Si
Authors: Kharel Parashu , Baker Gavin , Flesche Matthew , Ramker Adam , Moua Young , Valloppilly Shah , Shand Paul M. , Lukashev Pavel V. 
Published: March 2022

Half-metallic Heusler alloys have attracted significant attention due to their potential application in spin-transport-based devices. We have synthesized one such alloy, CoFeV0.5Mn0.5Si, using arc melting and high-vacuum annealing at 600 °C for 24 hours. First principles calculation indicates that CoFeV0.5Mn0.5Si shows a nearly half-metallic band structure with a degree of spin polarization of about 93%. In addition, this value can be enhanced by the application of tensile strain. The room temperature x-ray diffraction patterns are indexed with the cubic crystal structure without secondary phases. The annealed sample shows ferromagnetic order with the Curie temperature well above room temperature (Tc = 657 K) and a saturation magnetization of about 92 emu/g. Our results indicate that CoFeV0.5Mn0.5Si has a potential for room temperature spin-transport-based devices.
Characterising an MEP’s argumentative style
Authors: van Eemeren Frans H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
There is much more to argumentative style than just the well-known presentational (“linguistic”) dimension. Equally important dimensions of the argumentative styles utilised in resolving a difference of opinion are the topical dimension of the selection of the standpoints, starting points, arguments and concluding statements put forward in the discourse and the dimension of the adaptations to the presumed demand of the audience that is to be convinced. In argumentative discourse these three dimensions of argumentative style manifest themselves together in the argumentative moves that are made, the argumentative routes that are chosen and the strategic considerations that are brought to bear. Starting from this perspective, it is shown in this article how the argumentative style can be identified that was utilised by a Member of the European Parliament in a plenary debate on labelling fruit juices.
Arguing through quotations
Authors: Andone Corina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper analyses and evaluates the use of arguments in which quotations are employed to convince the addressees of the acceptability of a proposed action. Based on the European Commission’s press releases, a communicative practice in which quotations are typically employed, the study demonstrates that quotations function as weak authority arguments that are not likely to be accepted by the addressees if they are not further supported by other argument types.
Negative campaigning
Authors: Mohammed Dima 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper develops an argumentative perspective on attacks in political election campaigns. The perspective highlights the role that attack ads play in the justification of vote claims aiming to advance our understanding of the notorious practice and to bring about a nuanced assessment of its benefits and risks. In the examination, special attention is paid to the argumentative potential that links a certain criticism of an adversary to the defense of the negative vote against the adversary as well as to the defense of the positive vote claim in favor of a campaign’s candidate. Considering the argumentative potential is especially beneficial for capturing the role of attacks in important political processes, including accountability and the stimulation of an informed public political participation.
Verbal reaction times based on tracking lip movement
Authors: Liu Qiang , Holbrook Bryan B. , Kawamoto Alan H. , Krause Peter A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Valid and reliable measurements of response latency are crucial in testing empirical predictions across fields of
psychology. In research utilizing verbal responses, acoustic latency is the typical measure of response latency, but its validity
has been questioned. We describe a simple and affordable alternative – articulatory latency based on tracking lip position. Using
this method, we measured the acoustic and articulatory latencies of syllables beginning with various simple and complex onsets and
ending with “uh” using the speeded naming task, where participants were instructed to have their mouths either closed or open
before articulating. The initial oral configuration, place of articulation, and voicing all had significant effects on this
measure of articulatory latency across segments, factors that researchers must consider in designing experiments and selecting
stimuli.
Word order effect in collocation processing
Authors: Vilkaitė-Lozdienė Laura , Conklin Kathy 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCollocations are words associated because of their frequent co-occurrence, which makes them predictable and leads to facilitated processing. While there have been suggestions that collocations are stored as unanalysed chunks, other researchers disagree. One of the arguments against holistic storage is the fact that collocations are not fixed phrases, for example, their word order can vary. To explore whether reversed collocations retain the processing advantage that they have in their canonical form, we conducted two primed lexical decision experiments: Experiment 1 in English, and Experiment 2 in Lithuanian, an understudied language. We presented both forward and backward collocations and compared them to matched control phrases. We also explored which collocational measure (phrasal frequency, MI,t-score, or ΔP) worked as the best predictor of processing speed. We found a clear priming effect for both languages when collocations were presented in their forward form, which is in line with previous research. There was no priming for the backward condition in English, but a priming effect for it in Lithuanian, where the reversed word order is acceptable albeit marked. These results are not easily explained by holistic storage. As far as collocational measures are concerned, they all seem to perform reasonably well, with none of them being clearly better than the others.
Processing lexicality in healthy aging and Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Azevedo Nancy , Atchley Ruth Ann , Vasavan Nair N. P. , Kehayia Eva 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To explore how processing lexicality may change with aging and in the presence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), we
conducted two experiments investigating lexicality judgements using an on-line behavioural psycholinguistic methodology and
electrophysiological/event-related potential (ERP) methods; oddball lexical decision tasks. Results from these lexical decision
tasks showed that while those with AD show similar rates of accuracy for their lexical decision as compared older adults (OA),
they are particularly slowed when making judgements for pseudowords. Our results from the ERP tasks also showed that the two
groups behaved differently with regard to elicitation of the P3 ERP response, which indicates differences in how these two groups
form lexical categories. The pattern of ERP responses suggests that older adults are sensitive to the orthography/phonology of the
stimuli during the course of lexical processing as compared to participants with AD who show less sensitivity to
orthographic/phonological cues. Additionally, the ERP P3 amplitude results suggest further linguistically related differences
between healthy older adults and those with AD, and highlight the importance and usefulness of combining behavioural
psycholinguistic and ERP methodologies.
A case for velarization of Spanish word-internal coda stops as hypercorrection
Authors: Bongiovanni Silvina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn many dialects of Spanish, a word such asaceptar/aseptáɾ/ ‘to accept’ may be variably produced as [asektáɾ]. Previous research has shown that velarization patterns are the result of speakers’ sensitivity to phonotactic distributions (Brown 2006;Bongiovanni 2022). This study examines a different result of pattern generalization: hypercorrection. The production of bilabial word-internal coda stops was analyzed in a corpus of sociolinguistic interviews from Mérida, Venezuela. Variation between retained, deleted and velarized variants ([aseptáɾ], [asetáɾ] and [asektáɾ]) is constrained primarily by age and education. While velarization was the preferred variant among older speakers regardless of their educational attainment status, for the younger cohort it was speakers in the lower educational attainment group who favored it. These linguistic patterns reflect known societal changes regarding access to education in Venezuela (and therefore, contact with the standard variety) and show that under the pressure of a prescriptive rule, speakers default to a non-normative generalized pattern.
Philanthropy, Local Employment, and Environmental Audits at Ngala Private Game Reserve, South Africa
Authors: Spenceley Anna 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Ngala Private Game Reserve is a safari lodge owned by the World Wide Fund for Nature – South Africa (WWF-SA) within the Kempiana Contractual National Park in South Africa. andBeyond has a 20-year lease to operate a safari lodge and tented camp, and traverse the reserve. The lodge generates benefits for local people through employment and by channelling donations through the Africa Foundation into community health, education and small business development initiatives. The lodge monitors its environmental impacts through bi-annual audits that are submitted to the Department of Environmental Affairs.

Information
Snyman, S. and Spenceley, A. (2019) Private Sector Tourism in Conservation Areas in Africa, CABI
© CAB International 2022
Creating Community Conservation Areas and Sustainable Livelihood Options at Nkwichi Lodge, Lake Malawi, Mozambique
Authors: Spenceley Anna 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Nkwichi is a 14-bed lodge located on the shores of Lake Malawi. The lodge has collaborated with 16 communities to establish the 120,000 hectare Manda Wilderness Community Conservation Area of Mozambique. The lodge supports 40 permanent local employees, and represents the only formal employment available in the area. Nkwichi has facilitated a halt to hunting in the reserve, sustainable agriculture initiatives and the application of solar power for electricity.

Information
Snyman, S. and Spenceley, A. (2019) Private Sector Tourism in Conservation Areas in Africa, CABI
© CAB International 2022