bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hospitalization time after laparotomy, laparoscopy and robotic procedures in patients with endometrial cancer
Authors: Wodzisławska Agnieszka , Doniec Jacek 
Published: July 2022

Wprowadzenie i celPorównanie długości hospitalizacji pozabiegowej pacjentek operowanych z powodu raka endometrium metodą laparotomii, laparoskopii oraz robotyczną.Materiał i metodyAnalizie retrospektywnej poddano dane pacjentek operowanych z powodu raka gruczołowego endometrium, u których wykonano całkowite wycięcie macicy z przydatkami z limfadenektomią biodrową i/lub oceną węzła wartowniczego drogą laparotomii pośrodkowej, laparoskopii lub chirurgii robotycznej.WynikiNajdłuższy średni czas hospitalizacji odnotowano w grupie operowanych drogą laparotomii i wynosił on 5,27 doby, ponad połowę krótszy w grupie kobiet operowanych laparoskopowo i wynosił – 2,45 doby. Najkrótszy czas, wynoszący średnio 1,96 doby, odnotowano w grupie poddanych operacji robotycznej.WnioskiZastosowanie technik małoinwazyjnych skraca znacząco czas hospitalizacji chorych
operowanych z powodu raka trzonu macicy.
Evaluation of Factors Related to Mouth Breathing Syndrome in Children
Authors: İLİSULU Ceren , DOĞAN Kübra , CARLI Ceren , SEYMEN Figen 
Published: July 2022

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the factors affecting mouth breathing syndrome in children and to evaluate the relationship between these factors.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 120 healthy children aged 6-14 years who applied to Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pedodontics between October 2019 and April 2020, with 60 mouth breathing and 60 nasal breathing. Individuals who agreed to participate in the study were provided with a complete answer to the questionnaire which consist of 20 questions, divided into 4 factors, and their dmf and DMF values were recorded by performing an intraoral examination. Student's t test, Mann Whitney U test and Shapiro Wilks test were used for analyzes
Results: The dmf values of children with mouth breathing were significantly higher than those with nasal breathing (p
Pengembangan Model dan Penggunaan Konteks dalam Mendukung Pemahaman Siswa pada Topik Penjumlahan yang Melibatkan Bilangan Negatif
Authors: Ikram Zul Jalali Wal , Azis Najmawati 
Published: July 2022

This study aims to develop learning activities to contribute to the theory based on empirical activities in learning the topic of summation involving negative numbers. This research also develops learning activities that combine context and models that students can apply to understand the topic. The type of research used to attain the objectives in this study is design research, each cycle consists of three steps, namely preliminary study, classroom experiment and retrospective method. The subjects of the study were grade 4 students and teachers at SD Islam Athirah Makassar. The results showed that to help students understand the concept of summation involving negative numbers, students must understand the concept of negative numbers and use the number line model to count. This can be supported by the context of equilibrium and the number line as a representation of the negative numbers. In classroom learning, the use of context stimulates students to think informally, furthermore, by indicating a state using numbers and with the help of a number line model, students can solve mathematical problems at a formal level.
Linguistic properties of electronic dictionary of grammar terms
Authors: Sultanova Shahnoza Akmalovna , Yusupovich Khaydarov Ilhom , Alimbayeva Shahlo Akmalovna 
Published: July 2022

In this article, we have been collecting words, interpreting their meanings, and compiling books in a certain order - compiling a dictionary - since mankind has enjoyed the blessing called words throughout its millennial history. The founder of our national lexicon, the linguist Mahmud Kashgari, who created the first and unique example of a Turkish dictionary in his time, writes in his book: “I have traveled the villages and towns of the tracks for many years, compiling dictionaries, studying and identifying various word features. I did”.
India’s refugee crisis
Authors: Singh Kundan Kumar , Singh Mayank , Agnihotri Ujjawal 
Published: July 2022

This article is an attempt to shed light on the magnanimous crisis faced by Refugees in India. It talks about how the statutes and laws have attempted to minimize the effect of the crisis as well as how laws carve the way out for Refugees in India. The primary pillar on which refugees survive against atrocities in India is Article 21 of the Indian Constitution. Despite its overcrowding, India continues to allow refugees through various diplomatic means. However, there may not be a unified criminal framework in place to protect refugees. The 1951 Refugee Convention, which defines the term "refugee," is the principal source on the subject of refugee legislation. The conference's first objective was established in 1951. A person who has to leave behind a normal life and relocate to a completely new place and a new country because of political, demographic, or war-like scenarios becomes a Refugee. (Lentini, 1985)
Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy versus extracorporeal shock wave therapy in the treatment of iliohypogastric neuralgia postinguinal herniorrhaphy
Authors: Mowafy Zakaria Mowafy Emam , Gammal Ahmed Sabry El , Elsayeh Shaimaa Mohammed Ahmed , Ewaida Nehal Mohamed Nagib Mohamed Ibrahim 
Published: July 2022

To evaluate the efficacy of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy versus extracorporeal shock wave therapy in the treatment of iliohypogastric neuralgia post inguinal herniorraphy.Measurement of the serum cortisol level and the carbamazepin medicament intake. 40 male and female patients with iliohypogastric neuralgia post inguinal herniorraphy were divided into two groups. Group (A) received the thoracolumbar pulsed electromagnetic field therapy.Group (B) received the thoracolumbar extracorporeal shock wave therapy, duration of treatment was 20 minutes, every other day for the 3 months as a total period of treatment in addition to the traditional physical therapy and medical care for 3 months in group (A) and in group (B) the following parameters were used as following: 1,000 impulses; energy flux density (ED) varied from the lowest (0.08 mJ/mm2) to the highest energy level (0.44 mJ/mm2), depending on patient’s pain tolerance, on the trigger point area,over the thoracolumbar region paravertebrally once every two weeks for 12 weeks (3 months) on the affected side, the handpiece of the ESWT device was positioned perpendicular on the target area of treatment and moved circular over gel that was used over the target area of treatment in addition to the traditional physical therapy and medical care for 3 months.
comparative study of the notion of legal and political pluralism in India and the Western world
Authors: Shandilya Shubham 
Published: July 2022

Legal pluralism refers to the idea that there are multiple laws or legal systems in any geographical territory bounded by the traditional borders of a nation state. In the past few decades, it has gained a lot of traction as an analytical technique and a normative concept in Europe and even beyond. It has gained prominence not only in European Union law, but also in private international law, European human rights legislation, public international law and the analysis of legal systems. India is recognised as a pioneer in establishing a constitutional framework that recognises group-differentiated rights. The paper seeks to explore how well has this worked in the context of Indian democracy, given the reality of exclusions resulting from stratification, heterogeneity, and hierarchy, which often act concurrently and generate intersectionality. For decades following independence, our thinking was defined by a pluralist perspective of nationalism and Indianness that reflected the widest possible circle of inclusivity and a "salad bowl" approach. In recent years, a new perspective known as 'purifying exclusivism' has tended to infiltrate and dominate the political and cultural environment. Growing jingoistic tendencies threatens to eliminate any dissent, no matter how minor.
Competencias TIC y uso de herramientas digitales para la investigación en docentes universitarios
Authors: Sánchez Lourdez 
Published: July 2022

La universidad pública se encuentra inmersa en un proceso de constantes cambios dada la situación epidemiológica presentada por la pandemia Covid19. Los docentes del nivel superior han sido partícipes de cambios necesarios para la continuidad de las clases, a través de la modalidad virtual con la utilización de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación como herramientas digitales para la investigación.
El propósito del trabajo fue conocer las competencias en tecnologías de la información y la comunicación que poseen los docentes; y el uso de herramientas digitales para los procesos académicos, investigación y gestión en la Universidad Nacional de Pilar en Paraguay. El enfoque elegido para el trabajo fue el cualitativo, a través del estudio de casos múltiples. La selección de la muestra se realizó con base a una cantidad homogénea intencionada, y estuvo constituida por cinco docentes de la carrera de Análisis de Sistemas de las áreas técnicas.
Los docentes poseen competencias en las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, además de que utilizan herramientas digitales tanto para sus actividades académicas, de investigación como para la gestión de la información. Realizan intercambios de experiencias, conocimientos y prácticas con pares y colegas, afianzando el aprendizaje en red.
Prevención educativa de la violencia familiar
Authors: Martínez-Otero Pérez Valentín 
Published: July 2022

En este artículo se trata el grave problema de la violencia en la familia y se destaca el papel principal de la educación en su prevención, así como en el abordaje de sus consecuencias. Metodológicamente, este trabajo se fundamenta en el método de revisión documental, con el fin de obtener conocimiento consistente sobre el fenómeno estudiado; sintetizarlo, interpretarlo y ofrecer posteriormente pautas de actuación.
Puede decirse que una revisión bien realizada como método de investigación crea una base sólida para avanzar en el conocimiento, y facilita el desarrollo teórico de alcance práctico (Webster y Watson, 2002). Por esta razón, se revisaron diversas orientaciones recogidas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) en su Informe titulado Prevención de la violencia: la evidencia (2013). Son siete estrategias dirigidas a prevenir la violencia interpersonal que, con compromiso pedagógico, se adaptan y toman como referencias para la prevención de la violencia en la familia. El estudio de este documento se complementa con la revisión de otras fuentes e investigaciones.
Poor Results After Arthroscopic Treatment of Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears Using a Subacromial Balloon Spacer
Authors: Garríguez-Pérez Daniel , Lópiz Yaiza , García-Fernández Carlos , Marco Fernando 
Published: July 2022

Introduction:
Arthroscopic balloon spacer arthroplasty (BSA) is a relatively recent procedure for patients with irreparable rotator cuff tears, conceived to prevent degenerative joint changes and relieve subacromial pain.

Methods:
This is a retrospective case series of 16 consecutive patients treated with BSA and followed up for a minimum 12 months. Besides BSA, partial tendon repair was done whenever possible. Radiographical parameters such as acromiohumeral distance and Hamada stage were measured preoperatively and postoperatively. Range of motion, functional results (Constant score; Simple Shoulder Test; American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score; and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score), health-related quality of life results with the EuroQol Five Dimensions tool, complications, and patient satisfaction were also analyzed.

Results:
The mean age was 64 ± 10.3 years, and the male/female ratio was 6/10. Partial repair was achieved in five patients (31.2%) and did not influence functional or health-related quality of life results (P = 0.11). The mean acromiohumeral distance and Hamada stage worsened from preoperative measures (3.7 ± 2.0 mm and 2.3 ± 1.1) to final follow-up measures (3.1 ± 2.4 mm and 3.1 ± 1.3). Shoulder abduction increased by 7.8° ± 26.8° and forward flexion decreased by 25.5° ± 32.4° after surgery. The functional results at the final follow-up were Constant 49.5 ± 18.0; American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons 60.2 ± 27.2; Simple Shoulder Test 8.5 ± 4.6; and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand 32.7 ± 12.1. The mean index value for the EuroQol Five Dimensions was 0.79, and perceived quality of life was 85.6 ± 15.4 of 100 points. 62.5% of the patients (10) were satisfied with surgery. The complication rate was 13% (2), accounting for one deep infection and one balloon migration.

Conclusion:
Theoretical benefits of BSA for delaying superior humeral head translation and arthropathic changes could not be demonstrated in our series. Its functional results and satisfaction rates are low, but self-reported quality of life after surgery does not seem impaired. Complications do not occur frequently but require reintervention and endanger joint viability.

Level of evidence:
Level IV (case series).
The 1958 New York Convention Article II: Fit for Modern International Trade?
Authors: Paulsson Marike 
Published: July 2022

Article II of the 1958 New York Convention contains a formal requirement that has brought UNCITRAL to issue recommendations on how to interpret the so-called "in writing" requirement. According to Article II(2), an agreement must be either signed by the parties or concluded through an exchange of telegrams. The Convention's success may falter if courts cannot find a way to relax the stringent requirement of Article II(2).Today, arbitration agreements are formally concluded differently, and they no longer respond to the idea of arbitration agreements in 1958. The author attempts to bring the 1958 treaty to the days of modern trade by revisiting the drafting history of Article II and bring the drafters' intent back to the surface. That enables the creation of guidelines for counsel to draft clauses that are "New York Convention-proof", and it enables the judiciary to realign the old treaty with modern trade.
The Public Policy Defence to Enforcement of Arbitral Awards: Rising Star or Setting Sun?
Authors: San Funke Adekoya 
Published: July 2022

The realisation that foreign arbitral awards needed a framework for international enforcement resulted in the United Nations Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, which amongst other things included grounds for refusal of recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards. This paper attempts to examine the use of “public policy” as a ground to refuse enforcement and review the status and scope of the defence when raised in different countries. It concludes with the position that though there are certain countries that have interpreted the public policy defence in an expansive and possibly protectionist manner to refuse enforcement, this is not a trend that is gaining ground. Rather, the restrictive and pro-enforcement definitions of public policy espoused by most countries is effectively watering down the potency of the public policy defence as a means of refusing enforcement of foreign arbitral awards.
Costs
Authors: Winstanley Adrian 
Published: July 2022

Article 5: Case management fee
5.1 As soon as practicable after the submission of the Response or, if no Response is submitted, after the time for submission of a Response has elapsed, the Chamber shall direct the parties to pay the case management fee prescribed by the Fee Schedule (the ‘Case Management Fee’), which shall be paid by the party or parties directed to pay it no later than the deadline set by the Chamber for the payment.
5.2 The Case Management Fee shall be increased correspondingly if the amount of a monetary claim or counterclaim is increased at any time during the arbitration, in which case, the amount of any such increase will be included in an advance on costs directed by the Chamber in accordance with Article 30.1.
5.3 The Chamber shall, in its sole discretion, direct the parties to pay the Case Management Fee in such proportions as it deems appropriate, taking account of all the circumstances of the dispute.
5.4 If the Case Management Fee is not paid promptly and in full, the Chamber may suspend or terminate the proceedings.
Article 30:Advances on costs
30.1 Promptly upon the notification of the appointment of the arbitral tribunal in accordance with Article 9.10, and from time to time thereafter during the arbitration, the Chamber shall direct the parties to pay appropriate amounts as an advance for the costs of the arbitration, other than the parties’ own legal and other costs.
30.2 If the payments directed are not made promptly and in full, the Chamber shall so inform the parties in order that one or more of them may make the required payment. If such payment is not made, the arbitral tribunal may, after consultation with the Chamber, order the suspension or termination of the proceedings.
30.3 Failure by a party asserting a claim or counterclaim to make the required payment may be deemed by the arbitral tribunal a withdrawal of the claim or counterclaim.
Three Approaches to Challenges of ICSID Arbitrators for Manifest Lack of Reliability for Independent Judgment
Authors: Parra Antonio R. 
Published: July 2022

Article 14(1) of the ICSID Convention sets forth certain qualities that all ICSID arbitrators must possess. They must, in the words of Article 14(1), be “persons of high moral quality and recognized competence in the fields of law, commerce, industry or finance, who may be relied upon to exercise independent judgment.” In accordance with Article 57 of the ICSID Convention, a party may propose the disqualification of an arbitrator—or in briefer terms, challenge him or her— “on account of any fact indicating a manifest lack of the qualities required” by Article 14(1). Pursuant to Article 58 of the Convention, the decision on a proposal to disqualify an arbitrator will be taken by the other members of the tribunal, unless they are equally divided or the proposal relates to a sole arbitrator or the majority of the arbitrators, in which cases the decision will be taken by the Chairman of the Administrative Council of ICSID (the President of the World Bank).
Parties to ICSID Convention arbitration cases have frequently set in motion the challenge procedures of Articles 57 and 58. Proposals to disqualify arbitrators have been made in over 100 such cases. About a quarter of the disqualification proposals have been met by resignations of the challenged arbitrators. Almost all the other proposals have been rejected by decision of the unchallenged arbitrators or of the Chairman of the Administrative Council.The decided proposals all apparently sought disqualification owing to a supposed manifest lack of reliability for independent judgment.
The decisions themselves, however, have taken different approaches to the standard to be applied for disqualification, that there be a fact indicating a manifest lack of the required quality.Three main approaches can be discerned from the cases.They are examined in this article through the lenses of the individual decisions that inaugurated or prominently reinforced the respective approaches.Albeit in varying degrees, the approaches identified with these decisions have each highlighted a weakness of the disqualification procedures of the ICSID Convention, that they may less adequately guarantee arbitral independence than the corresponding procedures of leading international commercial arbitration systems. A concluding part of the article considers the scope for addressing the problem through amendments of the ICSID Arbitration Rules.
Eficacia de la intervención fisioterapéutica en la regeneración tisular
Authors: Huchin Fátima del Rosario Lira , Cabrera Sheing Mas , Silva Alejandra de Atocha Aké , Ceh Jaqueline Guadalupe Guerrero 
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo ofrece los resultados obtenidos de una investigación realizada en una clínica de fisioterapia de universidad pública; cuyo fin es demostrar la eficacia de un tratamiento enfocado en la regeneración tisular de una úlcera resultante de una lesión epidérmica en pie diabético, la cual se realizó en dos etapas: Primera. – el uso de corriente pulsada de alto voltaje (CPAV), láser terapéutico, acompañado de movilizaciones articulares y dérmicas, estiramiento y reeducación de la marcha, incide en la regeneración del tejido tisular en 32 sesiones. Segunda. - la aplicación de ultrasonido terapéutico de forma directa y subacuática, estiramientos y reeducación de la marcha que permite mayor estabilidad en la deambulación, con un total de 42 sesiones. Se comprobó la eficacia de la intervención en paciente diabético, reduciendo la herida en 60% en la primera etapa y 89% en la segunda etapa, permitiendo la integración social y completa independencia del paciente para el desarrollo de las actividades básica e instrumentales de la vida diaria.
Pengaruh Metode Membaca Survey Question Read Recite Recall (SQ3R) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Materi Teks Pengumuman
Authors: Mahyudin Mahyudin , Nuryenda Endang Yuda , Hastuti Sri 
Published: July 2022

Most students consider Indonesian language lessons to be boring lessons so that it has an impact on students' low interest in learning which leads to student learning outcomes that are still below the school's Minimum Completeness Criteria. One alternative so that learning Indonesian is not boring is to use the method of reading the Survey Question Read Recite Recall (SQ3R). SQ3R reading method is a reading method to find main ideas and supporting main ideas. This study aims to determine the response and influence of the SQ3R reading method in learning Indonesian language announcement text material on student learning outcomes. This type of research is a quasi-experimental research. The sampling technique uses saturated sampling. The population and sample are fourth grade students of SD Negeri 1 Bendungan with a total of 34 students. The sample was divided into 2 groups, namely the experimental class and the control class. The sampling technique used a questionnaire and a test which was analyzed descriptively and using the t test. Analysis of the questionnaire data from 14 students showed that 84.1% of students had a positive response to the SQ3R method. The results of the t-test show that tcount ≥ ttable (t2,848 ≥ t2,074 ) so that H1 is accepted. Control N-gain Experimental N-gain (0.57 0.69) means that there is a difference in student learning outcomes with the SQ3R reading method and lectures. So, students responded positively to the SQ3R reading method and this method had an effect on student learning outcomes.