bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical experience with venetoclax in patients with newly diagnosed, relapsed, or refractory acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Fleischmann Maximilian , Scholl Sebastian , Frietsch Jochen J. , Hilgendorf Inken , Schrenk Karin , Hammersen Jakob , Prims Florian , Thiede Christian , Hochhaus Andreas , Schnetzke Ulf 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with poor outcome in elderly and unfit patients. Recently, approval of the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax (VEN) in combination with hypo-methylating agents (HMA) led to a significant improvement of response rates and survival. Further, application in the relapsed or refractory (r/r) AML setting or in context of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) seems feasible.

Methods and patients
Fifty-six consecutive adult AML patients on VEN from January 2019 to June 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients received VEN either as first-line treatment, as subsequent therapy (r/r AML excluding prior alloHSCT), or at relapse after alloHSCT. VEN was administered orally in 28-day cycles either combined with HMA or low-dose cytarabine (LDAC).

Results
After a median follow-up of 11.5 (range 6.1–22.3) months, median overall survival (OS) from start of VEN treatment was 13.3 (2.2–20.5) months, 5.0 (0.8–24.3) months and 4.0 (1.5–22.1) months for first-line, subsequent line treatment and at relapse post-alloHSCT, respectively. Median OS was 11.5 (10–22.3) months from start of VEN when subsequent alloHSCT was carried out. Relapse-free survival (RFS) for the total cohort was 10.2 (2.2 – 24.3) months. Overall response rate (composite complete remission + partial remission) was 51.8% for the total cohort (61.1% for VEN first-line treatment, 52.2% for subsequent line and 42.8% at relapse post-alloHSCT). Subgroup analysis revealed a significantly reduced median OS in FLT3-ITD mutated AML with 3.4 (1.9–4.9) months versus 10.4 (0.8–24.3) months for non-mutated cases, (HR 4.45, 95% CI 0.89–22.13, p = 0.0002). Patients harboring NPM1 or IDH1/2 mutations lacking co-occurrence of FLT3-ITD showed a survival advantage over patients without those mutations (11.2 (5–24.3) months versus 5.0 (0.8–22.1) months, respectively, (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.23 – 1.21, p = 0.131). Multivariate analysis revealed mutated NPM1 as a significant prognostic variable for achieving complete remission (CR) (HR 19.14, 95% CI 2.30 – 436.2, p < 0.05). The most common adverse events were hematological, with grade 3 and 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia reported in 44.6% and 14.5% of patients, respectively.

Conclusion
Detailed analyses on efficacy for common clinical scenarios, such as first-line treatment, subsequent therapy (r/r AML), and application prior to and post-alloHSCT, are presented. The findings suggest VEN treatment combinations efficacious not only in first-line setting but also in r/r AML. Furthermore, VEN might play a role in a subgroup of patients with failure to conventional chemotherapy as a salvage regimen aiming for potential curative alloHSCT.
401 consecutive minimally invasive distal pancreatectomies: lessons learned from 20 years of experience
Authors: Esposito Alessandro , Ramera Marco , Casetti Luca , De Pastena Matteo , Fontana Martina , Frigerio Isabella , Giardino Alessandro , Girelli Roberto , Landoni Luca , Malleo Giuseppe , Marchegiani Giovanni , Paiella Salvatore , Pea Antonio , Regi Paolo , Scopelliti Filippo , Tuveri Massimiliano , Bassi Claudio , Salvia Roberto , Butturini Giovanni 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to discuss and report the trend, outcomes, and learning curve effect after minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy (MIDP) at two high-volume centres.

Methods
Patients undergoing MIDP between January 1999 and December 2018 were retrospectively identified from prospectively maintained electronic databases. The entire cohort was divided into two groups constituting the “early” and “recent” phases. The learning curve effect was analyzed for laparoscopic (LDP) and robotic distal pancreatectomy (RDP). The follow-up was at least 2 years.

Results
The study population included 401 consecutive patients (LDP n = 300, RDP n = 101). Twelve surgeons performed MIDP during the study period. Although patients were more carefully selected in the early phase, in terms of median age (49 vs. 55 years, p = 0.026), ASA class higher than 2 (3% vs. 9%, p = 0.018), previous abdominal surgery (10% vs. 34%, p < 0.001), and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) (7% vs. 15%, p = 0.017), the recent phase had similar perioperative outcomes. The increase of experience in LDP was inversely associated with the operative time (240 vs 210 min, p < 0.001), morbidity rate (56.5% vs. 40.1%, p = 0.005), intra-abdominal collection (28.3% vs. 17.3%, p = 0.023), and length of stay (8 vs. 7 days, p = 0.009). Median survival in the PDAC subgroup was 53 months.

Conclusion
In the setting of high-volume centres, the surgical training of MIDP is associated with acceptable rates of morbidity. The learning curve can be largely achieved by several team members, improving outcomes over time. Whenever possible resection of PDAC guarantees adequate oncological results and survival.
Die subjektive Verarbeitung chronischer Symptome und Schmerz bei Menschen mit Multipler Sklerose: Visualisierung und Externalisierung als Ausdruck der Lebensqualität
Authors: Graf Barbara , Altmann Patrick , Löffler-Stastka Henriette 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungSomatosensible Symptome und Schmerz zählen zu jenen Beschwerden chronischer Erkrankungen, die sich – aus ärztlicher Sicht – oft einer objektivierbaren Beurteilung entziehen. Persönlichen Externalisierungsprozessen kann hierbei eine besondere Bedeutung zukommen.
Soil–water interaction affecting a deep-seated landslide: From field monitoring to experimental analysis
Authors: Kang Xuan , Wang Shun , Wu Wei , Xu Guangli , Zhao Jinqian , Liu Fusheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMost deep-seated landslides are characterized by large volumes with deep shear surfaces. They are sensitive to hydrological forcing, especially in climate change scenarios. This paper studies the role of soil–water interaction in affecting the motion of a deep-seated landslide near the southeast coast of China, where seasonal rainfall combined with annual typhoons caused the instability of a previous stable slope. A comprehensive investigation consisting of field monitoring and experiments of soil–water interaction is carried out. The monitoring data show that the landslide exhibits alternate dormant and active stages, corresponding to rainy and dry seasons, respectively. The enduring precipitations predominate the landslide motion, while intensive rainfall brought by typhoon events leads to transient deformation. In addition, wet treatment of intact and reconstituted soils is adopted to mimic the interaction between rainwater and landslide material. The results obtained from in-situ and laboratory direct shear tests indicate that the soil–water interaction is time-dependent. The long-term interaction gives rise to significant strength reduction of soils, thereby regulating the movement of the landslide.
Validation of the PAM-13 instrument in the Hungarian general population 40 years old and above
Authors: Zrubka Zsombor , Vékás Péter , Németh Péter , Dobos Ágota , Hajdu Ottó , Kovács Levente , Gulácsi László , Hibbard Judith , Péntek Márta 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatient activation comprises the skills, knowledge and motivation necessary for patients’ effective contribution to their care. We adapted and validated the 13-item Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13) in the ≥ 40 years old Hungarian general population.MethodsA cross-sectional web survey was conducted among 900 respondents selected from an online panel via quota sampling. After 10 days, the survey was repeated on 100 respondents. The distribution, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, factor structure, convergent, discriminant and known-groups validity of PAM-13 were assessed according to the COSMIN guidelines.ResultsThe sample comprised 779 respondents. Mean (± SD) age was 60.4 ± 10.6 years, 54% were female and 67% had chronic illness. Mean (± SD) PAM-13 score was 60.6 ± 10.0. We found good internal consistency (Cronbach alpha: 0.77), moderate test–retest reliability (ICC: 0.62;n = 75), a single-factor structure and good content validity: PAM-13 showed moderate correlation with the eHealth Literacy Scale (r = 0.40), and no correlation with age (r = 0.02), education (r = 0.04) or income (ρ = 0.04). Higher PAM-13 scores were associated with fewer lifestyle risks (p < 0.001), more frequent health information seeking (p < 0.001), participation in patient education (p = 0.018) and various online health-related behaviours. When controlling for health literacy, sociodemographic factors and health status, the association of higher PAM-13 scores with overall fewer lifestyle risks, normal body mass index, physical activity and adequate diet remained significant. Similar properties were observed in the subgroup of participants with chronic morbidity, but not in the age group 65+.ConclusionPAM-13 demonstrated good validity in the general population. Its properties in clinical populations and the elderly as well as responsiveness to interventions warrant further research.
The practice of speleology: What is its relationship with spatial abilities?
Authors: Muffato Veronica , Zavagnin Michela , Meneghetti Chiara 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGiven the evidence of motor and exploring activities being related to spatial abilities on different scales, the present study considers the case of speleology, a peculiar underground exploratory activity. The relation of this practice with spatial abilities was examined. The study compares a group of expert speleologists (18), a group with a reduced amount of experience in speleology (19 novice speleologists), and a group with a similar amount of practice but in the outdoors (19 experts mountaineers). Group differences will be investigated in terms of (i) small-scale spatial task performance (rotation-based and spatial working memory); (ii) large-scale environment learning (reproduced using verbal descriptions) asking participants to learn a path through a cave or up a mountain (in a counterbalanced order) and then to test their recall with true/false spatial questions and graphical representation tasks; and (iii) self-reports of wayfinding attitudes. The results of linear models showed that, after controlling for age, gender, years of education, and vocabulary scores, expert speleologists had greater mental rotation and perspective-taking abilities and less spatial anxiety than expert mountaineers, and the former performed the true/false questions better than the latter. It should be noted that participants who reported having guiding/path-finding experiences had greater accuracy in graphical representation performance and higher scores in attitude towards orientation. Overall, expertise in speleology is related to spatial abilities on different scales and might have a distinctive role in comparison with other motor practices, pointing to the potential value of examining speleology in the spatial cognition framework.
Biomechanical Markers of Forward Hop-Landing After ACL-Reconstruction: A Pattern Recognition Approach
Authors: Sritharan Prasanna , Muñoz Mario A. , Pivonka Peter , Bryant Adam L. , Mokhtarzadeh Hossein , Perraton Luke G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBiomechanical changes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) may be detrimental to long-term knee-joint health. We used pattern recognition to characterise biomechanical differences during the landing phase of a single-leg forward hop after ACLR. Experimental data from 66 individuals 12-24 months post-ACLR (28.2 ± 6.3 years) and 32 controls (25.2 ± 4.8 years old) were input into a musculoskeletal modelling pipeline to calculate joint angles, joint moments and muscle forces. These waveforms were transformed into principal components (features), and input into a pattern recognition pipeline, which found 10 main distinguishing features (and 8 associated features) between ACLR and control landing biomechanics at significance $$\alpha =0.05$$

α
=
0.05

. Our process identified known biomechanical characteristics post-ACLR: smaller knee flexion angle; less knee extensor moment; lower vasti, rectus femoris and hamstrings forces. Importantly, we found more novel and less well-understood adaptations: smaller ankle plantar flexor moment; lower soleus forces; and altered patterns of knee rotation angle, hip rotator moment and knee abduction moment. Crucially, we identified, with high certainty, subtle aberrations indicating landing instability in the ACLR group for: knee flexion and internal rotation angles and moments; hip rotation angles and moments; and lumbar rotator and bending moments. Our findings may benefit rehabilitation and assessment for return-to-sport 12–24 months post-ACLR.
Efficacy and safety of tacrolimus versus corticosteroid as initial monotherapy in adult-onset minimal change disease: a meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Jingkui , Xu Zhongxiu , Xu Wei , Gong Lifeng , Xu Min , Tang Weigang , Jiang Wei , Xie Fengyan , Ding Liping , Qian Xiaoli 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective
The objective of this meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus (TAC) monotherapy versus corticosteroid as initial monotherapy in adult-onset minimal change disease (MCD) patients.

Methods
Databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang database were searched from the inception to March 20, 2021. Eligible studies comparing TAC monotherapy and corticosteroid as initial monotherapy for adult-onset MCD patients were included. Data were analyzed using Review Manager Version 5.3.

Results
Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 196 patients were included in the meta-analysis. For initial monotherapy for adult-onset MCD, TAC and corticosteroid had similar complete remission (OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.47–2.41, P = 0.89), total remission (OR 1.30, 95% CI 0.39–4.35, P = 0.67), relapse rate (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.28–1.42, P = 0.26). Main drug-related adverse effects of two therapeutic regimens had no difference concerning infection (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.23–1.27, P = 0.15), glucose intolerance (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.16–1.84, P = 0.33) and acute renal failure (OR 1.37, 95% CI 0.36–7.31, P = 0.71).

Conclusion
TAC monotherapy is comparable with corticosteroid monotherapy in initial therapy of MCD. To further confirm the conclusion, more large multicenter RCTs are necessary.
Influence of Surface Tension and Evaporation on Melt Dynamics of Aluminum Alloys for Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Bärtl Marko , Xiao Xiao , Brillo Jürgen , Palm Frank 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOne of the most important factors during Laser Powder Bed Fusion is a robust and stable process to generate reproducibly dense and crack-free components with the same homogenous and fine-grained microstructure. Among other factors, surface tension influences the robustness of this process. Three aluminum alloys were investigated by means of 3D laser printing with respect to their ability to form lightweight and high-performance structures. The alloys include two Al-Cr based alloys (Zicromal®: Al-Cr-Zr-Mn, Scancromal®: Al-Cr-Sc-Zr) and an Al-Mg based alloy (Scalmalloy®: Al-Mg-Sc-Mn-Zr). The surface tensions of their liquid melts were measured by means of the oscillating droplet method in electromagnetic levitation. Scalmalloy® exhibited a surface tension that was by 3-8% smaller than the other two alloys, over a temperature range of 500 K above their liquidus temperature; the evaporation analysis showed that Scancromal® exhibits significantly less evaporation compared to the other two alloys by an order of magnitude. During the Laser Powder Bed Fusion process, Scalmalloy® presented the most unstable melt dynamics, and Scancromal® appeared to be more robust and stable with less weld spatters and negligible dust deposition, as evidence from the high-speed video observations. The results support the idea that surface tension and evaporation are potentially crucial factors influencing the melt dynamics and also demonstrate the capability of additive manufacturing that produces customized aluminum alloys for aerospace applications.
Laryngopharyngeal reflux induced sleep-related laryngospasm
Authors: O’Shea Ross , Gaffney Máire , Kaare Majura , Fenton John Eugene 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundSleep-related laryngospasm (SRL) has been defined as the sustained closure of the vocal cords during sleep. Studies have suggested that it is a rare manifestation of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). Difficulties in diagnosing SRL and LPR have led to the condition being under-recognised in the clinical setting.AimsThe aim of this study was to determine if LPR was the cause of the SRL symptoms seen in our patients.MethodsA retrospective chart assessment of patients with SRL. Patients with risk factors for LPR were identified. These included smoking status, alcohol intake, a history of dyspepsia or history of gastroesophageal reflux disease, a history of late-night eating and a history of eating spicy or fatty foods before bed. A clinical diagnosis based on the history and response to management was made for the diagnosis of LPR. All were advised to refrain from late meals and those with signs of nasopharyngitis were commenced on proton pump inhibitor therapy.ResultsNineteen patients (mean age ± SD: 57.21 ± 15.18) were included in the study. All had at least one risk factor for LPR. Ten (52.6%) had signs of nasopharyngitis on nasendoscopy. Following treatment, 17 (89.5%) reported no further SRL symptoms at 1-year follow-up.ConclusionSRL is a largely unknown and under-diagnosed condition. We believe this study provides supportive evidence for the causal relationship between LPR and SRL.
Polyclonal emergence of MDR Enterobacter cloacae complex isolates producing multiple extended spectrum beta-lactamases at Maputo Central Hospital, Mozambique
Authors: Sumbana José , Santona Antonella , Fiamma Maura , Taviani Elisa , Deligios Massimo , Chongo Ventura , Sacarlal Jahit , Rubino Salvatore , Paglietti Bianca 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEnterobacter spp. are important nosocomial pathogens responsible of a wide variety of infections, mainly due to Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) producing isolates, constituting a global public health issue in terms of clinical treatment and infection control, especially in low-income countries, where last-line treatment is often unavailable and there is weak nosocomial surveillance. In this study, we conducted a phenotypic and molecular characterization of 8 clinical Enterobacter spp. strains, isolated from patient’s blood in three hospitals in Mozambique. Isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF and antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing was performed by VITEK 2 system. Half of isolates were analyzed by PCR for β-lactamases genes, other isolates by Whole Genome Sequencing. We identified all isolates as Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC), those from Maputo Central Hospital were polyclonal, multidrug resistant (5/8), and ESBL producers (50%), carrying blaCTX-M-15 and different assortment of blaSHV-12, blaTEM-1B and blaOXA-1, and AmpCs blaCMH-3, blaACT-7 and blaACT-9 genes. Resistance determinants linked to fluoroquinolone (aac(6')Ib-cr and qnrB1) and others antimicrobials were also found. Notably, one isolate showed phenotypically resistance to colistin, while another colistin susceptible isolate carried a silent mcr-9 gene. ECC nosocomial surveillance is urgently needed to contain and prevent the dissemination of ESBLs producing clones, and mcr-9 spread to other Enterobacteriaceae.
Joint analysis as an important tool for an optimizing block extraction of natural stones
Authors: Schneider-Löbens Christiane , Siegesmund Siegfried , Stein Karl-Jochen , Löbens Stefan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe steadily increasing demand on the natural stone market is accompanied by a predominantly poor economic balance in the extraction of the raw material "ornamental stone". Thus, the net production of raw blocks is far too low in relation to the resulting overburden, which is often the result of insufficient geoscientific input and evaluation of the deposit itself and the deposit-controlling factors. Under these conditions, the investigation pursued the goal of capturing an essential part of the geological conditions with the analytical observation of the fractures systems, in order to contribute to an optimized stone extraction. Only by critically derived constraints on the quarrying process based on the geological situation can the economic viability of natural stone deposits be maintained or increased in the long term, and this from an environmentally friendly point of view. Profitable dimensional stone production mainly depends on the number of extracted blocks. Compared to statistical approaches, the application of the 3D-BlockExpert computer code is based on modelling the block sizes on the discontinuity system such as fracture spacing and fracture orientation. The assessment of all joint and fracture systems provides a forward-looking approach for sustainable quarry management. It is essential to make the best possible use of high-quality material and to minimize the impact quarrying activities has on the natural landscape. Investigations were carried out in quarry areas with different lithologies in Germany and Spain, like sandstones, limestones, slate and granites. The block sizes, the irregularity of acute-angled blocks and the waste to block ratio controls the economic success by avoiding time- and cost-consuming procedures based on geoscientific considerations.
A review on application of ultrasound and ultrasound assisted technology for seed oil extraction
Authors: Thilakarathna R. C. N. , Siow Lee Fong , Tang Teck-Kim , Lee Yee Ying 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOil has extensively been extracted from oil-bearing crops and traded globally as a major food commodity. There is always a huge demand from the fats and oils industries to increase oil yield because of profitability benefits. If extraction is conducted under mild operating conditions to preserve and improve the oil quality, then it would be an added value. Ultrasound that works on the cavitational action helps to fulfil the gap. Ultrasound is gaining tremendous interest as an alternative to replace the current conventional extractions approach because of its multiple benefits. Cavitation generated by ultrasound eases the release of oil from cell matrices, thereby allowing the extraction to be carried out under mild processing conditions. The effect enhances the oil yield whilst preserving the quality of the oil. In ultrasound, green solvents can be used to replace toxic organic solvents. Recent up-to-date approaches utilised a combination of ultrasound with enzyme, microwave and supercritical technology to further enhance the oil extraction. This review highlights a comprehensive work of the impact of ultrasound and ultrasound in combination with other technologies on oil extraction, which emphasises the extraction yield and physicochemical properties of the oil, such as fatty acid composition, oxidative stability with the retention of the lipophilic phytochemicals and iodine, saponification values and colour parameters. Understanding of ultrasonication techniques for oil extraction served to be essential and useful information for the fats and oils scientists from academia and industries to explore the possibility of employing a sustainable and mild approaches for extracting oil from various crops.