bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Better Inter-Disciplinary Education through a Pedagogy of Translanguaging
Authors: Kelley Brit , Schuster Kristen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

The work of Digital Humanities has evolved into an interdisciplinary exploration of media, technology and culture. Adding to this unique discipline are the ever-more global and multicultural composition of students at institutions of higher education throughout the U.K. Given this more global context, it is becoming crucial for Digital Humanities departments to find effective ways to make meaning across various languages, cultures, and educational backgrounds. In response to this context, we propose a pedagogy of translanguaging. The goal behind this pedagogy is to better include an ever-more global student cohort for deeper learning and research. Our paper will explore data collected through focus groups and highlight areas where students and staff acknowledge the possibilities of translingual practice. We will also simultaneously evaluate perceived and actual barriers limiting the full enactment of these practices. Ultimately, we provide a list of recommendations for developing more equitable and accessible programs of study for the ever-more global student cohorts in U.K. higher education.
Natural plant diet impacts phenotypic expression of pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes
Authors: Paré Prisca S. L. , Hien Domonbabele F. D. S. , Bayili Koama , Yerbanga Rakiswende S. , Cohuet Anna , Carrasco David , Guissou Edwige , Gouagna Louis-Clément , Yameogo Koudraogo B. , Diabaté Abdoulaye , Ignell Rickard , Dabiré Roch K. , Lefèvre Thierry , Gnankiné Olivier 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Success in reducing malaria transmission through vector control is threatened by insecticide resistance in mosquitoes. Although the proximal molecular mechanisms and genetic determinants involved are now relatively well documented, little is known about the influence of the environment on the phenotypic expression of mosquito resistance to insecticides. In particular, the extent to which mosquito plant feeding affects the phenotypic expression of insecticide resistance remains unknown. To assess the effect of plant diet on the response of mosquitoes to insecticides, larvae from the predominant vector, Anopheles gambiae sensu latowere collected in southwestern Burkina Faso and reared until adulthood. Following emergence, adults were fed with one of four treatment (5% glucose solution, nectariferous flowers of Barleria lupulina, nectariferous flowers of Cascabela thevetia and a combination of both plants Barleria lupulina + Cascabela thevetia). WHO standard tube tests were performed with 0.05% and 0.5% deltamethrin. The measured end-point parameters were knockdown rate (KD) and the 24 h mosquito mortality. Following the bioassays, DNA was extracted from each mosquito individual for PCR identification of the siblings of the An. gambiae complex and determination of the kdr genotypic and allelic frequencies. Plant diet significantly influenced mosquito KD rate at both concentrations of deltamethrin. Following exposure to 0.05% deltamethrin, the Barleria lupulina diet induced a 2.5 fold-decrease in mosquito mortality compared to the 5% glucose treatment. The molecular data confirmed the predominance of An. gambiae (60% of the samples) over An. coluzzii and An. arabiensis. The kdr mutation L1014F displayed a high allelic frequency of 0.75 and, as expected, it was positively associated with increased resistance to deltamethrin. Plant diet, particularly B. lupulina, appears to increase the susceptibility of mosquitoes to insecticides. The finding that B. lupulina-fed control individuals (i.e., not exposed to deltamethrin)also displayed increased 24 h mortality suggests that plant-mediated effects may be driven by direct effect of plant diet on mosquito survival rather than indirect effects through interference with insecticide-resistance mechanisms. Thus, some plant species may weaken mosquitoes, making them less vigorous and more vulnerable to the insecticide. There is a need for further investigation, using a wider range of plant species and insecticides, in combination with other relevant environmental factors, to better understand the expression and evolution of insecticide resistance
Effects and mechanisms of resveratrol on the adhesion of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM
Authors: Yuan Yanan , Zhang Xinyue , Pan Siyi , Xu Xiaoyun , Wu Ting 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Based on the adhesion and surface properties of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM, five common polyphenols in fruits and vegetables were screened, and the reasons for resveratrol promoting adhesion were systematically explained. The effects of resveratrol, epicatechin, quercetin, hesperidin and caffeic acid on adhesion and surface properties of NCFM were evaluated. The results showed that resveratrol could significantly enhance NCFM adhesion to mucin, followed by epicatechin, caffeic acid and hesperidin, while quercetin had a certain degree of inhibition. The effects of these polyphenols on surface hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation of NCFM were consistent with adhesion results. Then, how resveratrol promotes NCFM adhesion was further explored. The results of proteomic analysis showed that resveratrol changed the surface layer proteins of NCFM, involving changes in the relative abundance of 16 proteins. In addition, resveratrol promoted the expression of mucin genes and the glycosylation mucins on the HT-29 cell surface. Our results indicate that resveratrol changes the surface layer proteins of NCFM to modify surface properties and adhere to mucins. Meanwhile resveratrol promotes expression and glycosylation of mucins in HT-29 cells. Our findings provide theoretical support for an in-depth explanation of the interaction among resveratrol, NCFM and the HT-29 cells.
Single charge regime electrodynamic force measuring in solution by upconversion photonic force microscope
Authors: Shan Xuchen , Ding Lei , Wen Shihui , Chen Chaohao , Wang Dajing , Zhu Hongyan , Nie Peng , Lu Xunyu , Wang Shen , Zhong Xiaolan , Su Qian , Liu Baolei , Lu Jie , Reece Peter , Chang Lingqian , Jin Dayong , Wang Fan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Precise force measurement is critical to probing biological events and physics processes, spanning from molecular motor’s motion to the Casimir effect1 and the detection of gravitational wave2. Yet, despite extensive technology developments, the 3D nanoscale measurement of weak forces in aqueous solutions poses a significant challenge. Techniques that rely on the optically trapped nanoprobe are beset with difficulties, including low light scattering for force measuring and high localization error from their Brownian motion. Here, we report the measurement of the long-distance electrodynamic force on single nanocrystals suspended in aqueous solution with only 11 net charges. To achieve this, we develop an upconversion photonic force microscope that encompasses a diffraction-limited tracking-based force sensing theory and the advance of lanthanide ion resonance force probe3,4. The tracking method is based on neural network empowered super-resolution localization, where the position of force probe is extracted from the optical astigmatism modified point spread functon(PSF), enabling the measurement of trap stiffness for nanoparticles through equipartition theorem with a force sensitivity down to 592.9 attoNewtons (aN), that is, 5 times lower than the reported best sensitivity value5. We further demonstrate that the technology can measure a single nanocrystal's electrophoresis force and zeta potential, experimentally verifying Loeb's empirical relationship. This work offers new opportunities for detecting single-charge dynamics over long-distance and sub-cellular single molecular level biomechanical force.
Theoretical and experimental analysis of applicability of sill with different widths on the gate discharge coefficients
Authors: Daneshfaraz Rasoul , Norouzi Reza , Abbaszadeh Hamidreza , Azamathulla Hazi Mohammad 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, the effects of the gate opening, sill placement with different widths under the gate, and the sill position from under the gate on the discharge coefficient were investigated experimentally. Sills are placed in positions below, tangentially and upstream of the gate at distances of 7.5 and 17.5 cm from the gate. The results of the present study showed that the discharge coefficient increases with increasing sill width and decreasing total area of the flow passing through the gate. The discharge coefficient increases by installing the sill at certain intervals at increasing distance with respect to the upstream of the sluice gate and has a lower value compared to the non-sill state. At the same opening in non-sill and suppressed sill states, with a sill below and tangential to the gate, the discharge coefficient of the sluice gate with the sill has increased compared to the non-sill state. In addition, the discharge coefficient for a tangential sill has the highest value.
Spatial distribution characteristics and pollution levels of heavy metals in surface water and sediments of the Heihe cascade reservoir system, China
Authors: Wang Yu , Li Bao-long , Li Jin-ping , Wang Zhe-hui , Xian Feng-yun , Fan Yi-yang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The operation of cascade reservoir systems has altered river hydrology and sediment distribution patterns. In this study, 31 surface water and sediment samples were collected from the Heihe River from July to August in 2019 and 2020 to investigate the spatial distribution and sources of heavy metals and assess their ecological risks. The results revealed that the concentrations of heavy metals in surface water were much lower than the quality standards for surface water in China, and there were no significant differences in the natural reaches, center and tail of the reservoir. Cd in surface sediments was at a heavy contamination and high risk level, and the heavy metal pollution levels in the main streams and tributaries differed greatly, especially in the graded reservoirs with a gradual accumulation trend. This may be related to the fact that there were many fine-grained sediments in the reservoir center near the dam. Factor analysis-multiple linear regression (FA-MLR) revealed that heavy metals mainly come from natural factors and anthropogenic input, with anthropogenic inputs mainly coming from mining activities in the tributaries and industrial and agricultural activities in the main stream.
Experimental study of sediment washout from stormwater sumps
Authors: Yang Yunze , Huang Biao , Zhu David Z. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Sumps are commonly used in urban stormwater systems, which can be considered as a simple pretreatment device for stormwater quality control. However, they may function as pollution sources due to sediment washout under high flow conditions. An experimental study was conducted to investigate the scour process of predeposited sediments from a sump and its influencing parameters. Under conditions with large inflows or high sediment deposit, the sediment particles could be resuspended, entrained and flushed out. The washout mass decreased exponentially with time if the sediment bed surface depth was larger than a threshold value; otherwise, the amount of washout would be much smaller. The same scour pattern was observed for all the testing cases, of which the largest scour depth always occurred below the outlet. The deposit below the inlet might increase under conditions with high flow rates and low levels of sediment bed. Dimension analysis was performed and principal non-dimensional parameters were found, including the Péclet number, the pipe Froude number, and the dimensionless particle diameter, which can be used to determine whether the washout would occur and its intensity in a stormwater sump under given conditions.
Modified Nucleotides for Chemical and Enzymatic Synthesis of
Therapeutic RNA
Authors: Graczyk Anna , Radzikowska-Cieciura Ewa , Kaczmarek Renata , Pawlowska Roza , Chworos Arkadiusz 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
In recent years RNA has emerged as a medium with a broad spectrum of therapeutic potential, however, for years, a group of short RNA fragments was studied and considered therapeutic molecules. In nature, RNA plays both functions, with coding and non-coding potential. For RNA, like for any other therapeutic, to be used clinically, certain barriers must be crossed. Among them, there are biocompatibility, relatively low toxicity, bioavailability, increased stability, target efficiency and low off-target effects. In the case of RNA, most of these obstacles can be overcome by incorporating modified nucleotides into its structure. This may be achieved by both, in vitro and in vivo biosynthetic methods, as well as chemical synthesis. Some advantages and disadvantages of each approach are summarized here. The wide range of nucleotide analogues has been tested for their utility as monomers for RNA synthesis. Many of them have been successfully implemented and a lot of pre-clinical and clinical studies involved modified RNA is carried out. Some of these medications have already been introduced into clinics. After the huge success of RNA-based vaccines that were introduced into widespread use in 2020, and the introduction to the market of some RNA-based drugs, RNA therapeutics containing modified nucleotides appear to be the future of medicine.
Plant Lectins: A Review on their Biotechnological Potential Toward
Human Pathogens
Authors: Souza Pedro F.N. , Costa Ana C.M. , Malveira Ellen A. , Mendonça Lidiane P. , Maia Maria E.S. , Silva Romério R.S. , Roma Renato R. , Aguiar Tawanny K.B. , Grangeiro Yasmim A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
The indiscriminate use of antibiotics is associated with the appearance of bacterial resistance.
In light of this, plant-based products treating infections are considered potential alternatives.
Lectins are a group of proteins widely distributed in nature, capable of reversibly binding carbohydrates.
Lectins can bind to the surface of pathogens and cause damage to their structure, thus preventing
host infection. The antimicrobial activity of plant lectins results from their interaction with carbohydrates
present in the bacterial cell wall and fungal membrane. The data about lectins as modulating
agents of antibiotic activity, potentiates the effect of antibiotics without triggering microbial resistance.
In addition, lectins play an essential role in the defense against fungi, reducing their infectivity and
pathogenicity. Little is known about the antiviral activity of plant lectins. However, their effectiveness
against retroviruses and parainfluenza is reported in the literature. Some authors still consider mannose/
glucose/N-Acetylglucosamine binding lectins as potent antiviral agents against coronavirus, suggesting
that these lectins may have inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2. Thus, it was found that
plant lectins are an alternative for producing new antimicrobial drugs, but further studies still need to
decipher some mechanisms of action.
Resveratrol in Cancer Therapy: From Stimulation of Genomic Stability to Adjuvant Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Amini Peyman , Moazamiyanfar Reza , Dakkali Mohammad Sedigh , Khani Ali , Jafarzadeh Emad , Mouludi Kave , Khodamoradi Ehsan , Johari Ramin , Taeb Shahram , Najafi Masoud 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:Cancer therapy through anticancer drugs and radiotherapy is associated with several side effects as well as tumor resistance to therapy. The genotoxic effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy may lead to genomic instability and increased risk of second cancers. Furthermore, some responses in the tumor may induce the exhaustion of antitumor immunity and increase the resistance of cancer cells to therapy. Administration of low-toxicity adjuvants to protect normal tissues and improve therapy efficacy is an intriguing strategy. Several studies have focused on natural-derived agents for improving the antitumor efficiency of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and novel anticancer drugs such as immunotherapy and targeted cancer therapy. Resveratrol is a naturally occurring substance with intriguing antioxidant, cardioprotective, anti-diabetes, and antitumor properties. Resveratrol has been demonstrated to modulate tumor resistance and mitigate normal tissue toxicity following exposure to various drugs and ionizing radiation. Compelling data suggest that resveratrol may be an appealing adjuvant in combination with various anticancer modalities. Although the natural form of resveratrol has some limitations, such as low absorption in the intestine and low bioavailability, several experiments have demonstrated that using certain carriers, such as nanoparticles, can increase the therapeutic efficacy of resveratrol in preclinical studies. This review highlights various effects of resveratrol that may be useful for cancer therapy. Consequently, we describe how resveratrol can protect normal tissue from genomic instability. In addition, the various mechanisms by which resveratrol exerts its antitumor effects are addressed. Moreover, the outcomes of combination therapy with resveratrol and other anticancer agents are reviewed.
Central Sensitization and Pain: Pathophysiologic and Clinical Insights
Authors: Curatolo Michele 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Central sensitization is an increased responsiveness of nociceptive neurons in the central
nervous system to their normal or subthreshold afferent input.

Aim:
To explain how the notion of central sensitization has changed our understanding of pain conditions,
discuss how this knowledge can be used to improve the management of pain, and highlight
knowledge gaps that future research needs to address.

Methods:
Overview of definitions, assessment methods, and clinical implications.

Results:
Human pain models, and functional and molecular imaging have provided converging evidence
that central sensitization occurs and is clinically relevant. Measures to assess central sensitization
in patients are available; however, their ability to discriminate sensitization of central from peripheral
neurons is unclear. Treatments that attenuate central sensitization are available, but the limited
understanding of molecular and functional mechanisms hampers the development of target-specific
treatments. The origin of central sensitization in human pain conditions that are not associated with
tissue damage remains unclear.

Conclusion:
The knowledge of central sensitization has revolutionized our neurobiological understanding
of pain. Despite the limitations of clinical assessment in identifying central sensitization, it is
appropriate to use the available tools to guide clinical decisions towards treatments that attenuate central
sensitization. Future research that elucidates the causes, molecular and functional mechanisms of
central sensitization would provide crucial progress towards the development of treatments that target
specific mechanisms of central sensitization.
Gender Differences in the Psychopathology of Mixed Depression in
Adolescents with a Major Depressive Episode
Authors: Apicella Massimo , Serra Giulia , Iannoni Maria Elena , Trasolini Monia , Maglio Gino , Andracchio Elisa , Vicari Stefano 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Gender differences have been reported in the severity and psychopathological
features of major depressive disorders among adults but are poorly reported in adolescent samples.

Objective:
This study aimed to examine gender differences in the psychopathology of mixed depression
among adolescents.

Methods:
We analyzed 341 outpatients with the current major depressive episode (MDE) retrospectively
to identify patients with DSM-5 MDE with mixed features. We compared examiner-rated depressive
and (hypo)manic symptoms and self- and parent-reported symptoms between sexes.

Results:
We identified 76 patients with an MDE with mixed features (67.1% females, 32.9% with bipolar
disorder). Depression severity was significantly greater in females versus males (CDRS-R total
score 56.2 vs. 48.2, p = 0.014). Depressive symptoms were significantly and independently found to
be more severe among females in a logistic regression model, including excessive fatigue (OR 1.68;
p = 0.025), low self-esteem (OR 1.67; p = 0.04), excessive weeping (OR 1.62; p = 0.021), and CBCL
AAA index (OR 1.04; p = 0.015). None of the depressive symptoms scored greater in males. Males had
higher levels of motor activity (2.12 vs. 1.69; p = 0.048) and pressured speech (1.80 vs. 1.24; p = 0.004).
Self-rated anxiety (69.3 vs. 56.8, p = 0.047) and CBCL AAA index (207 vs. 189; p = 0.007) were higher
in females.

Conclusion:
Adolescent depression with mixed features is more severe in women, with a higher expression
of core affective symptoms and excessive fatigue. While in males, slightly higher levels of
psychomotor activation are reported, in females, emotional dysregulation and excessive weeping may
subtend a difference in a broader spectrum of mixed features.
Neurocognitive Correlates of Cerebellar Volumetric Alterations in Youth
with Pediatric Bipolar Spectrum Disorders and Bipolar Offspring
Authors: Saxena Kirti , Simonetti Alessio , Verrico Christopher D. , Janiri Delfina , Nicola Marco Di , Catinari Antonello , Kurian Sherin , Saxena Johanna , Mwangi Benson , Soares Jair C. 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Emerging evidence points towards the involvement of the cerebellum in the processing of emotions and pathophysiology of mood disorders. However, cerebellar and related cognitive alterations in youth with pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) and those at high risk to develop the disorder, such as bipolar offspring (BD-OFF) are not clearly defined.

Objective:
To investigate cerebellar gray and white matter volumes, cognition, and their relationship in youth with PBD and BD-OFF.

Methods:
Thirty youth (7 to 17 years, inclusive) with PBD, 30 BD-OFF and 40 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. Study participants underwent a computer-based cognitive battery assessing affective processing, executive function, attention, psychomotor speed, and learning. Three-tesla MRI scan was performed to assess cerebellar white and gray matter volumes. Cerebellar segmentation was performed with FreeSurfer. Statistical analyses include between-group differences in cognitive domains, cerebellar gray, and white matter volumes.
Relationships between cerebellar volumes and cognitive domains were examined.

Results:
Youth with PBD showed greater cerebellar gray matter volumes than both BD-OFF and HC, whereas no differences were present between BD-OFF and HC. Both youth with PBD and BD-OFF showed altered processing of negative emotions and a bias towards positive emotions. In youth with PBD and BD-OFF, greater impairment in the processing of emotions correlated with greater cerebellar gray matter volumes.

Conclusions:
The present findings corroborate hypotheses on cerebellar involvement in the processing of emotions and the pathophysiology of PBD. The presence of cerebellar dysfunction in BD-OFF is unclear.