bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacterial Butyrate in Parkinson's Disease Is Linked to Epigenetic Changes and Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Xie Aoji , Ensink Elizabeth , Li Peipei , Gordevičius Juozas , Marshall Lee L. , George Sonia , Pospisilik John Andrew , Aho Velma T.E. , Houser Madelyn C. , Pereira Pedro A.B. , Rudi Knut , Paulin Lars , Tansey Malú G. , Auvinen Petri , Brundin Patrik , Brundin Lena , Labrie Viviane , Scheperjans Filip 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe gut microbiome and its metabolites can impact brain health and are altered in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. It has been recently demonstrated that PD patients have reduced fecal levels of the potent epigenetic modulator butyrate and its bacterial producers.ObjectivesHere, we investigate whether the changes in the gut microbiome and associated metabolites are related to PD symptoms and epigenetic markers in leucocytes and neurons.MethodsStool, whole blood samples, and clinical data were collected from 55 PD patients and 55 controls. We performed DNA methylation analysis on whole blood samples and analyzed the results in relation to fecal short‐chain fatty acid concentrations and microbiota composition. In another cohort, prefrontal cortex neurons were isolated from control and PD brains. We identified genome‐wide DNA methylation by targeted bisulfite sequencing.ResultsWe show that lower fecal butyrate and reduced counts of genera Roseburia, Romboutsia, and Prevotella are related to depressive symptoms in PD patients. Genes containing butyrate‐associated methylation sites include PD risk genes and significantly overlap with sites epigenetically altered in PD blood leucocytes, predominantly neutrophils, and in brain neurons, relative to controls. Moreover, butyrate‐associated methylated‐DNA regions in PD overlap with those altered in gastrointestinal (GI), autoimmune, and psychiatric diseases.ConclusionsDecreased levels of bacterially produced butyrate are related to epigenetic changes in leucocytes and neurons from PD patients and to the severity of their depressive symptoms. PD shares common butyrate‐dependent epigenetic changes with certain GI and psychiatric disorders, which could be relevant for their epidemiological relation. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Robust decentralized optimal stabilizability of continuous time uncertain interconnected systems: Application to large scale power system
Authors: Feydi Ahmed , Elloumi Salwa , Braiek Naceur Benhadj 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article introduces a new design of a decentralized robust optimal feedback controller for a class of large‐scale systems using the modified algebraic Riccati equations. The studied class of large‐scale systems is characterized by structured uncertainties that are bounded. Our main contribution in this work is the use of the Lyapunov direct method for the stability analysis, associated with a quadratic function, in order to determine a new sufficient condition to guarantee the global asymptotic stability of the class of the studied uncertain interconnected systems. The proposed control approach is then implemented on a large‐scale power systems composed of three interconnected generators. Simulation results show that the proposed robust optimal controller is quite effective and has an outstanding performance.
A CuII‐Salicylidene Glycinato Complex for the Selective Fluorometric Detection of Homocysteine over 20 Proteinogenic Amino Acids
Authors: Li Xuecong , Yadav Prerna , Spingler Bernhard , Zelder Felix 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHomocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfur‐containing α‐amino acid that differs by one methylene (CH2) subunit from homologous cysteine (Cys). Elevated levels of Hcy are diagnostic markers of cardiovascular disease and other medical conditions. We present a new CuII‐salicylidene glycinato complex 1 for the selective fluorometric detection of Hcy in water. In the presence of this analyte, the non‐fluorescent copper‐complex demetallates and disassembles into its building blocks. This process liberates a 3‐chloro‐5‐sulfosalicylaldehyde signaling unit and is accompanied by a 51‐fold turn‐on fluorescence at 485 nm (λex=350 nm). Out of twenty proteinogenic amino acids, only histidine (12‐fold turn‐on fluorescence) and Cys (8‐fold turn‐on fluorescence) trigger some disassembly of probe 1. In comparison with important pioneering work on the detection of biothiols, this study strikingly demonstrates that structural modifications of chelate core structures steer substrate selectivity of metal‐based probes. Importantly, probe 1 has proven suitable for the detection of Hcy in artificial urine.
A microplate‐based Response Surface Methodology model for growth optimization and biofilm formation on polystyrene polymeric material in a Candida albicans and Escherichia coli co‐culture
Authors: Ashrit Priya , Sadanandan Bindu , Kyathsandra Natraj Lokesh , Shetty Kalidas , Vaniyamparambath Vijayalakshmi , Raghu Anjanapura V. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBiofilm formation is one of the crucial factors for virulence in Candida albicans, Escherichia coli and their polymicrobial biofilm formed on medical prosthetics. In this study, high biofilm forming C. albicans M207 from a case of invasive candidiasis and a standard strain of bacterial culture E. coli ATCC 39936 were used for initial screening and media optimization using One Variable at a time (OVAT) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) models, respectively, in polystyrene microtiter plates for in vitro biofilm studies. Sucrose and peptone significantly affected biofilm formation when screened by OVAT. Media optimization by Central Composite Design (CCD) showed that pH significantly affected biofilm formation for all the cultures which was further validated at critical parameters. Biofilm was quantified by growth OD measurements, MTT and CV assays in the presence and absence of FBS precoating and compared with standard Trypticase Soy Broth (TSB) media which did not show any significant difference. This high throughput polystyrene microtiter plate assay for preliminary screening of nutritional components using OVAT and media optimization using RSM model is being reported for the first time for biofilm formation by C. albicans and E. coli in a single and dual species environment. This study is essential for functional analysis of in‐vitro growth and biofilm formation by these two pathogenic strains on polymeric hospital equipments and to develop suitable control measures to inhibit biofilm formation by C. albicans and E. coli single species and their co‐culture.
Triple‐shape memory materials based on cross‐linked ethylene‐acrylic acid copolymer and ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer
Authors: Sun Longyi , Lu Xun , Bai Qiang , Wang Zhaobo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe blends of ethylene‐acrylic acid copolymer (EAA) and ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) with triple‐shape memory effect was fabricated using dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as the crosslinking agent. The mechanical properties and thermal properties were carried out by the universal testing machine and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. Furthermore, the triple‐shape memory behavior of the prepared EAA/EVA blends and EAA/EVA blends crosslinked by DCP were characterized by the shape fixity ratio and shape recovery ratio which were used as the evaluation standards. The blends exhibited the prominent shape memory properties, for example, the first shape fixity ratio was about 90%, the second shape fixity ratio was about 90%, while the first shape recovery ratio was about 100% and the second shape recovery ratio was about 90%. Moreover, the material had a stable shape memory behavior. This novel shape memory polymers expected to have a potential application in smart devices.
Defect‐induced current coupling in multi‐junction solar cells revealed by absolute electroluminescence imaging
Authors: Wang Youyang , Li Liying , Jia Yun , Hu Xiaobo , Weng Guoen , Luo Xianjia , Chen Shaoqiang , Zhu Ziqiang , Chu Junhao , Akiyama Hidefumi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn electroluminescence (EL) anomaly singular spot was observed in an industry‐standard InGaP/GaAs multi‐junction solar cell (MJSC). Affected by this singular spot, the spatially resolved subcell current distributions were found to exhibit unique opposite characteristics, which we call “defect‐induced current coupling.” Herein, we conducted systematic investigations to reveal the defect‐induced current coupling phenomenon, for the first time, through the absolute EL imaging technique. Specifically, a modified carrier‐balance model was first proposed to describe the subcell optoelectronic distribution around the singular spot. Then, optical and electrical properties including subcell non‐radiative recombination distributions, J–V characteristics, essential photovoltaic parameters, and energy losses were quantitatively extracted for characterizing the performance inhomogeneity caused by the defect‐induced coupling. Moreover, a three‐dimensional distributed circuit model was established to numerically simulate the absolute EL emissions and extract local electrical parameters around the singular spot. Simulation results revealed that the defect‐induced current coupling phenomenon is attributed to the deterioration of weak‐diode and shunt parameters at the GaAs bottom cell, and the efficiency of the MJSC was estimated to be reduced by 0.408% compared with the defect‐free MJSC model.
Sequence dependencies and biophysical features both govern cleavage of diverse cut‐sites by HIV protease
Authors: Samant Neha , Nachum Gily , Tsepal Tenzin , Bolon Daniel N. A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe infectivity of HIV‐1 requires its protease (PR) cleave multiple cut‐sites with low sequence similarity. The diversity of cleavage sites has made it challenging to investigate the underlying sequence properties that determine binding and turnover of substrates by PR. We engineered a mutational scanning approach utilizing yeast display, flow cytometry, and deep sequencing to systematically measure the impacts of all individual amino acid changes at 12 positions in three different cut‐sites (MA/CA, NC/p1, and p1/p6). The resulting fitness landscapes revealed common physical features that underlie cutting of all three cut‐sites at the amino acid positions closest to the scissile bond. In contrast, positions more than two amino acids away from the scissile bond exhibited a strong dependence on the sequence background of the rest of the cut‐site. We observed multiple amino acid changes in cut‐sites that led to faster cleavage rates, including a preference for negative charge five and six amino acids away from the scissile bond at locations where the surface of protease is positively charged. Analysis of individual cut sites using full‐length matrix‐capsid proteins indicate that long‐distance sequence context can contribute to cutting efficiency such that analyses of peptides or shorter engineered constructs including those in this work should be considered carefully. This work provides a framework for understanding how diverse substrates interact with HIV‐1 PR and can be extended to investigate other viral PRs with similar properties.
Research on joint calibration and compensation of the inclinometer installation and instrument errors in the celestial positioning system
Authors: Wang Hongyuan , Wu Shaochong , Ye Zhilong , Zheng Xunjiang , Sun Shuodong , Wang Bingwen , Zang Yunzhao , Zhang Xuwei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe application of celestial navigation based on inclinometer to aircraft in near‐earth space and planetary rovers is a significant development direction. Due to the installation and instrument errors of the inclinometer, it is difficult for tilted platforms to obtain high‐precision positioning results. But the installation error of the inclinometer is coupled with the error of the instrument itself, and there is no effective way to measure the two errors separately. To improve the positioning accuracy of the tilted platform, a joint calibration and compensation algorithm of the inclinometer's installation and instrument errors is proposed. First, based on the principle of celestial positioning, the influence analysis model of the inclinometer error on the positioning accuracy is built according to the definition of inclinometer installation error and instrument error, which indicates the traditional algorithms are not suitable for tilted platforms. Then, a joint calibration and compensation algorithm for the inclinometer installation and instrument errors is presented based on coordinate transformation relationship and error propagation characteristics. Finally, a ground test platform is built and the experimental verification of the joint calibration and compensation algorithm of inclinometer error is accomplished. Experiment results show the root mean square errors of the longitude and latitude are and , and the mean distance error is 397.46 m, which is far less than the mean distance error 3629.27 m of the traditional calibration algorithm. It indicates the joint calibration and compensation algorithm can effectively compensate for the errors caused by the inclinometer and obtain higher positioning accuracy.
A Renal‐Clearable Activatable Molecular Probe for Fluoro‐Photacoustic and Radioactive Imaging of Cancer Biomarkers
Authors: Li Shenhua , Li Qing , Chen Wan , Song Zhuorun , An Yi , Chen Peixin , Wu Yan , Wang Guanglin , He Yayi , Miao Qingqing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn vivo simultaneous visualization of multiple biomarkers is critical to accurately diagnose disease and decipher fundamental processes at a certain pathological evolution, which however is rarely exploited. Herein, a multimodal activatable imaging probe (P‐125I) is reported with activatable fluoro‐photoacoustic and radioactive signal for in vivo imaging of biomarkers (i.e., hepsin and prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA)) associated with prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis. P‐125I contains a near‐infrared (NIR) dye that is caged with a hepsin‐cleavable peptide sequence and linked with a radiolabeled PSMA‐targeted ligand (PSMAL). After systemic administration, P‐125I actively targets the tumor site via specific recognition between PSMA and PSMAL moiety and in‐situ generates of activated fluoro‐photoacoustic signal after reacting with hepsin to release the free dye (uncaged state). P‐125I achieves precisely early detection of prostate cancer and renal clearance to alleviate toxicity issues. In addition, the accumulated radioactive and activated photoacoustic signal of probe correlates well with the respective expression level of PSMA and hepsin, which provides valuable foreseeability for cancer progression and prognosis. Thus, this study presents a multimodal activatable probe for early detection and in‐depth deciphering of prostate cancer.
Real‐Space Investigation of the Multiple Halogen Bonds by Ultrahigh‐Resolution Scanning Probe Microscopy
Authors: Wang Dingguan , Wang Zishen , Liu Wei , Arramel  , Zhong Siying , Feng Yuan Ping , Loh Kian Ping , Wee Andrew Thye Shen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe chemical bond is of central interest in chemistry, and it is of significance to study the nature of intermolecular bonds in real‐space. Herein, non‐contact atomic force microscopy (nc‐AFM) and low‐temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (LT‐STM) are employed to acquire real‐space atomic information of molecular clusters, i.e., monomer, dimer, trimer, tetramer, formed on Au(111). The formation of the various molecular clusters is due to the diversity of halogen bonds. DFT calculation also suggests the formation of three distinct halogen bonds among the molecular clusters, which originates from the noncovalent interactions of Br‐atoms with the positive potential H‐atoms, neutral potential Br‐atoms, and negative potential N‐atoms, respectively. This work demonstrates the real‐space investigation of the multiple halogen bonds by nc‐AFM/LT‐STM, indicating the potential use of this technique to study other intermolecular bonds and to understand complex supramolecular assemblies at the atomic/sub‐molecular level.
Ferroelectric Domain Reversal Dynamics in LiNbO3 Optical Superlattice Investigated with a Real‐Time Monitoring System
Authors: Liu Qilu , Song Yukun , Wang Fulei , Guo Jiang , Wang Feifei , Yang Hongru , Zhang Baitao , Wang Dongzhou , Liu Hong , Sang Yuanhua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe optical superlattice structure derived from a periodic poling process endows ferroelectric crystals with tunable optical property regulation, which has become one of the most efficient strategies for fabricating high‐efficiency optical devices. Achieving a precise superlattice structure has been the main barrier for preparation of specific optical applications due to the unclear dynamics of domain structure regulation. Herein, a real‐time monitoring system for the in situ observation of periodic poling of lithium niobate is established to investigate ferroelectric domain reversal dynamics. The formation of reversed domain nuclei, growth, and expansion of the domain are monitored, which is highly related to domain growth dynamics. The nucleation and growth of domain are discussed combined with the monition of domain reversal and the variation of local electric field distribution along with finite element analysis. An electrode configuration with multiholes is proposed to use the local electric field more efficiently and controllably, which could achieve a higher domain nucleus density with high uniformity. Two‐mm‐thick periodically poled LiNbO3 crystals with high quality are achieved. A nonlinear light conversion from 1064.2 to 3402.4 nm is realized by the single‐resonance optical parameter oscillator with a nonlinear optical efficiency up to 26.2%.
Mechanical and fractural characteristics of structural lightweight fiber reinforced concrete
Authors: Esmaeili Jamshid , Ghaffarinia Mahdi , Nodehi Mehrab , Gencel Osman , Shi Jinyan , Ozbakkaloglu Togay 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRecent advances in the development of high‐performance insulating composite materials have created a new trend in the construction industry for the production of optimized lightweight structural sections. Although such sections are often found to have enhanced strength‐to‐weight ratio, their lower fracture resistance and toughness are commonly known to prone lightweight concrete sections to brittle failure with a low capacity to withstand crack propagation. To address this, in this study, six mixes containing lightweight expanded clay aggregates with a small quantity of hooked steel fibers ranging from 0 to 1.15 vol% are produced. As a result, it is found that the inclusion of steel fibers at 1.15 vol% can increase fracture energy and characteristic length by about 20 and 11 times, respectively. The result of this study is found to be significant and point to the development of highly ductile, structural‐grade lightweight fiber reinforced concrete through the use of hooked steel fibers.
Phase transition of SrCo0.9Fe0.1O3 electrocatalysts and their effects on oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Wang Fangfang , Batool Mariam , Xiong Beichen , Yang Hong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractComplex metal oxide has emerged as an important class of electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) because of its flexibility in the crystal phase and relative ease in the control of defect structures. While different crystalline phases and solid structures may be produced from the same reactant precursors, their phase transitions and OER performances are not well understood. In this work, we present the preparation of different phases of SrCo0.9Fe0.1O3‐δ (nominal ratio) solids using a sol–gel method and the structure–catalytic property relationship of both crystalline and amorphous structures formed at different temperatures. We observed as synthetic temperature increased, phase and composition transitions occurred from the amorphous phase to strontium carbonate and cobalt oxide, to oxygen‐deficient perovskite, and finally to perovskite. The OER activity depended highly on crystal structures. The oxygen‐deficient perovskite prepared at 750°C exhibited the highest catalytic activity, while the perovskite showed the lowest activity. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis reveals the change of oxidation state occurred during the phase transition. This work provides a useful guideline for the design of OER electrocatalysts through controlling the crystal structures and defects in complex metal oxides, such as perovskite.
An Improved Hybrid Model for Nonlinear Regression with Missing Values Using Deep Quasi‐Linear Kernel
Authors: Zhu Huilin , Hu Jinglu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMissing values are ubiquitous in the nonlinear regression research, and may lead to bias and a loss of efficiency. Even in a large dataset, values drop‐out can substantially reduce the available information for analysis. In this paper, we propose an improved hybrid model to solve the nonlinear regression problem under missing data scenarios, consisting of two parts: an overcomplete winner‐take‐all (WTA) autoencoder and a multilayer gated linear network. The WTA autoencoder is trained in an adversarial training process by taking advantage of gradually renewed teacher signals and the discrimination of missing values and observed values, and is designed to play two roles: (1) to impute missing components conditioned on observed samples; (2) to generate gate control sequences. On the other hand, the multilayer gated linear network with the generated gate control sequences implements a powerful piecewise linear regression model, whose parameters are optimized by formulating a support vector regression (SVR) with a deep quasi‐linear kernel. Experimental results based on different real‐world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed hybrid model. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
The kinetic models analyses of hydrogenated natural rubber during non‐isothermal degradation process
Authors: Lang Xiurui , Tang Qi , Han Lijing , Cui Yongyin , Liu Yumei , Cao Lan , Zong Chengzhong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHydrogenated natural rubber (HNR) was prepared by diimide reduction of natural rubber (NR) latex and characterized by FT‐IR, 1H NMR and TG‐DTG. The thermal degradation kinetic models of HNR were studied under a nitrogen atmosphere by TG‐DTG. Achar and Coats–Redfern methods were used to study the non‐isothermal kinetics models change during the thermal degradation process of NR after hydrogenation. The results indicated that HNR with 34.69% and 63.74% hydrogenation degree were prepared. A one‐stage pyrolysis pathway could be observed from all the TGA curves which were shifted to higher degradation temperatures with the rise of saturation degree. The similar activation energies obtained by both Coats–Redfern and Achar methods confirmed that the kinetics calculation was accurate. The results showed the best‐fit models of the samples with the highest regression coefficient values (R2 > 0.90) were chemical reaction models. The reaction order was three (N3) in NR case and the corresponding mechanism functions were g(α) = [(1‐α)−2–1]/2, f(α) = (1‐α)3. The reaction order was two (N2) when it came to HNR with hydrogenation degree of 34.69%. The most probable mechanism functions were g(α) = (1‐α)−1–1, f(α) = (1‐α)2. As the degree of hydrogenation increased to 63.74%, the reaction order best‐fit changed to one (N1) which was proved to be the same as the ethylene‐propylene diene rubber samples. And the mechanism functions were g(α) = −ln(1‐α), f(α) = 1‐α. The thermal degradation models of polymers was closely related to the structure. And the structure effects affected the degradation behavior as well as the thermal properties of polymers.