bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Merger Effects on the Spin and Shape Alignments of Galaxy Stellar, Cold Gas, Hot Gas, and Dark Matter Components
Authors: Lee Jounghun , Moon Jun-Sung 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We present a numerical evidence supporting the scenario that the peculiar alignments of the galaxy stellar spins with the major principal axes of the local tidal tensors are produced during the quiescent evolution period when the galaxies experience no recent merger events. Analyzing the merger tree from the TNG300-1 simulation of the IllustrisTNG project, we find the latest merger epochs, a(z

m
), of the galaxies, and create four a(z

m
)-selected samples that are controlled to share the identical mass and density distributions. For each sample, we determine the spin and shape vectors of the galaxy stellar, cold and hot gas, and dark matter components separately, and compute the average strengths of their alignments with the principal directions of the local tidal fields as well as their mutual alignment tendencies. It is found that the stellar (cold gas) spin axes of the galaxies whose latest merger events occur at earlier epochs are more strongly aligned (weakly antialigned) with the major principal axes of the tidal fields. It is also shown that, although the mass-dependent transition of the galaxy DM spins have little connection with the merger events, the morphologies, spin–shape, and shape-shear alignment strengths of the four components of the galaxies sensitively depend on a(z

m
). Noting that the stellar components of the galaxies that undergo long quiescent evolution have distinctively oblate shapes and very strong spin–shape alignments, we suggest that the local tidal field might be traced by using the stellar shapes of galaxies without signatures of mergers as a proxy of their stellar spins.
Origin and Evolution of Dust-obscured Galaxies in Galaxy Mergers
Authors: Yutani Naomichi , Toba Yoshiki , Baba Shunsuke , Wada Keiichi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Dust-obscured galaxies (DOGs), which are observationally characterized as faint in the optical and bright in the infrared, are the final stage of galaxy mergers and are essential objects in the evolution of galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGNs). However, the relationship between the torus-scale gas dynamics around AGNs and the DOGs’ lifetime remains unclear. We obtained the evolution of the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of a galaxy merger system with AGN feedback from postprocessed pseudo-observations based on an N-body/smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulation. We focused on a late-stage merger of two identical galaxies with a supermassive black hole (SMBH) of 108
M
⊙. We found that the infrared luminosity of the system reaches ultra- and hyperluminous infrared galaxy classes (1012 and 1013
L
⊙, respectively). The DOG phase corresponds to a state in which the AGNs are buried in dense gas and dust, with the infrared luminosity exceeding 3.3 × 1012
L
⊙. We also identified subcategories of DOGs, namely bump and power-law DOGs, from the SEDs and their evolution. The bump DOGs tend to evolve to power-law DOGs over several Myrs. We found that contribution from the hot dust around the nucleus in the infrared radiation is essential for identifying the system as a power-law DOG; the gas and dust are distributed nonspherically around the nucleus, therefore, the observed properties of DOGs depend on the viewing angle. In our model, the lifetime of merger-driven DOGs is less than 4 Myr, suggesting that the observed DOG phase is a brief aspect of galaxy mergers.
The Rate and Spatial Distribution of Novae in M31 as Determined by a 20 Year Survey
Authors: Rector Travis A. , Shafter Allen W. , Burris William A. , Walentosky Matthew J. , Viafore Kendall D. , Strom Allison L. , Cool Richard J. , Sola Nicole A. , Crayton Hannah , Pilachowski Catherine A. , Jacoby George H. , Corbett Danielle L. , Rene Michelle , Hernandez Denise 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A long-term (1995–2016) survey for novae in the nearby Andromeda galaxy (M31) was conducted as part of the Research-Based Science Education initiative. During the course of the survey 180 nights of observation were completed at Kitt Peak, Arizona. A total of 262 novae were either discovered or confirmed, 40 of which have not been previously reported. Of these, 203 novae form a spatially complete sample detected by the KPNO/WIYN 0.9 m telescope within a

20
′
×
20
′

field centered on the nucleus of M31. An additional 50 novae are part of a spatially complete sample detected by the KPNO 4 m telescope within a larger

36
′
×
36
′

field. Consistent with previous studies, it is found that the spatial distribution of novae in both surveys follows the bulge light of M31 somewhat more closely than the overall background light of the galaxy. After correcting for the limiting magnitude and the spatial and temporal coverage of the surveys, a final nova rate in M31 is found to be

R
=

40

−
4

+
5

yr−1, which is considerably lower than recent estimates. When normalized to the K-band luminosity of M31, this value yields a luminosity-specific nova rate, ν

K
= 3.3 ± 0.4 yr

−
1

[

10

10

L

⊙
,
K

]

−
1

. By scaling the M31 nova rate using the relative infrared luminosities of M31 and our Galaxy, a nova rate of

R

G

=

28

−
4

+
5

yr−1 is found for the Milky Way.
Accelerated Growth of Seed Black Holes by Dust in the Early Universe
Authors: Park KwangHo , Chiaki Gen , Wise John H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We explore the effect of dust on the growth of seed black holes (BHs) in the early universe. Previous 1D radiation-hydrodynamic (RHD) simulations show that increased radiation pressure on dust further suppresses the accretion rate than the case for the chemically pristine gas. Using the Enzo+Moray code, we perform a suite of 3D RHD simulations of accreting BHs in a dusty interstellar medium (ISM). We use the modified Grackle cooling library to consider dust physics in its nonequilibrium chemistry. The BH goes through an early evolutionary phase, where ionizing BH radiation creates an oscillating H ii region as it cycles between accretion and feedback. As the simulations proceed, dense cold gas accumulates outside the ionized region where inflow from the neutral medium meets the outflow driven by radiation pressure. In the late phase, high-density gas streams develop and break the quasi-spherical symmetry of the ionized region, rapidly boosting the accretion rate. The late phase is characterized by the coexistence of strong ionized outflows and fueling high-density gas inflows. The mean accretion rate increases with metallicity reaching a peak at Z ∼ 0.01–0.1 Z
☉, one order of magnitude higher than the one for pristine gas. However, as the metallicity approaches the solar abundance, the mean accretion rate drops as the radiation pressure becomes strong enough to drive out the high-density gas. Our results indicate that a dusty metal-poor ISM can accelerate the growth rate of BHs in the early universe, but can also stun its growth as the ISM is further enriched toward the solar abundance.
Classical OBe Stars as Post-supernova Runaways: Confirming Binary Origins
Authors: Dallas Matthew M. , Oey M. S. , Castro Norberto 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Massive binaries play an important role in fields ranging from gravitational-wave astronomy to stellar evolution. We provide several lines of evidence that classical OBe stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) obtain their rapid rotation from mass and angular momentum transfer in massive binaries, which predicts that the subsequent supernovae should often eject OBe stars into the field. We find that (1) OBe stars have a higher field frequency than OB stars; (2) our cumulative distribution function (CDF) of stellar distances from O stars shows that OBe stars are indeed much more isolated than ordinary OB stars of corresponding spectral types; (3) the CDFs of OBe stars approach that of high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs), which are confirmed post-supernova objects; and (4) Oe stars are as isolated from clusters as Be stars, implying that their final masses are relatively independent of their initial masses, consistent with major mass transfer. Lastly, we also find that the spatial distribution of supergiant OBe stars differs from that of classical OBe stars, consistent with the different mechanisms responsible for their emission-line spectra.
How Much of Biodiversity is Represented in Collections: A big data workflow of aggregated occurrence data
Authors: Huybrechts Pieter , Trekels Maarten , Groom Quentin 
Published: September 2022

Natural history collections play a pivotal role in taxonomy, which in turn supports all of biology, but particularly conservation and biodiversity policy. However, to provide this role, it is necessary to know what specimens are stored where, and how complete the collection is. The biodiversity held within collections globally remains uncertain, with an estimated 1.2 to 2.1 billion (109) specimens (Ariño 2010), of which around 200 million are represented on the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). Here we estimate the total biodiversity in collections worldwide by extrapolating from those specimens we know about.
Data aggregators such as GBIF provide an ever-changing window into the contents of collections. We use non-parametric estimators that allow for the approximation of the number of classes in an incomplete set, such as the number of species within a collection, but also the proportion of biodiversity preserved on a national or continental level (for example within a taxonomic group, compared to the world or to a continent). Because the contents of data aggregators such as GBIF, are in constant flux, our workflow is made to be repeatable on the monthly snapshots that GBIF provides.
The results of the workflow expose data gaps in GBIF, namely that collections from some large geographical regions, such as Asia, are poorly represented, but also taxonomic gaps exist, such as several Coleoptera families where many more species are accepted in the backbone than are represented on GBIF. As more data are published to GBIF the estimates for these taxon groups and geographical regions will improve. The detection of data gaps within data aggregators such as GBIF, and the subsequent mobilisation of missing information remains a priority for both aggregators and researchers (GBIF Secretariat 2022, Collen et al. 2008, Hochkirch et al. 2020). Our workflow will allow for continuous monitoring of collections and groups of collections of their coverage of global biodiversity, and the results can inform their collection development strategy.
L’imitation, double physique et mental
Authors: Nadel Jacqueline 
Published: September 2022

L’article analyse l’option de Wallon qui limite la définition de l’imitation à son substrat représentationnel de double mental. Par-delà la puissance évocatrice du rôle du figuratif dans la représentation, l’article interroge la rupture affirmée entre imitation en tant que double mental et imitation synchrone en tant que double physique de soi ou de l’autre véhiculant une confusion émotionnelle et appelée mimétisme. Les situations d’interaction sociale par l’imitation sont analysées dans leur spécificité comportementale chez de jeunes enfants, et dans leurs caractéristiques cérébrales chez de jeunes adultes. Les résultats convergent pour indiquer que ces situations apparemment basiques induisent néanmoins un dialogue moteur impliquant l’anticipation des intentions motrices de l’autre et la modulation de la planification de son action propre. Ainsi l’imitation concrète et physique se révèle-t‑elle empreinte de mentalisation.
L’invention de la défense commerciale européenne
Authors: Gillard Xavier 
Published: September 2022

Comment expliquer la communautarisation de la politique commerciale ? La littérature actuelle renvoie généralement aux intérêts des États membres, à ceux des industries ou au poids des idées. Cet article propose une explication complémentaire. Il retrace l’évolution des pratiques de mise en œuvre de l’instrument antidumping pendant ses 20 premières années d’existence, du milieu des années 1960 à la fin des années 1980. Il montre comment les fonctionnaires de la Commission européenne ont développé des compétences professionnelles qui leur ont permis d’agrandir le spectre d’action de l’instrument. Il défend in fine que leur inventivité procédurale s’est révélée essentielle à la construction d’un instrument européen de défense commerciale.
Challenges facing in Organizing Modern Geography Textbooks using Dewey Decimal Classification System: An Analytical Study
Authors: Visakaruban M. , Poologanathan P. , Sajanthan K. , Kesavan Y. 
Published: September 2022

The Dewey Decimal Classification System is the basic standard used to organize the information resources collected in libraries. This classification method organizes the universal knowledge using Hindu-Arabic numerals from 000 to 999. In this regard, there are some problems in organizing Geography textbooks.Especially today; the Geography curriculum found in the University curriculum has expanded and developed into anInterdisciplinary Science filed that incorporates various other disciplines. However, the Geography textbooks cannot be organized into a single volume within the given numerical codes 910 and 913-919, which was refered by the Dewey Decimal Classification System. Modern Geography textbooks are not organized in a number construction like Philosophy, Religion and Art. For example, the branches of Human Geography include Political Geography; Cultural Geography and Economic Geography, which have to be organized under the main category of Social Science (300). Similarly, the main branches of Physical Geography are Topography, Geomorphology and Meteorology, Climate Geography, Atmosphere and Rocks, and Oceanography have to be organized under the main category of Science (500). The primary purpose of this study is to identify the Geographical textbooks scattered in different places and propose strategies that will make it easier for the reader to meet their needs. For this research, descriptive methods were used. This study recommends that the library shall develeop and maintain an ‘Athority File of Subject Headings’to organize the Geography Textbooks. Particulalrly this research concludes that organizing Geography textbooks under the Class code 550 will be a solution to bring the Geography textbook under one umbrella for the readers rather than organizing the Geography textbooks under the DDC’s given main category (910).
Review on the Use of Dyestuff for Enhancement of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Efficiency
Authors: Ukpene A. O. , Morka J. C. , Molua O. C. 
Published: September 2022

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have high energy conversion efficiency and environmental friendliness. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to review the use of dyestuff for the enhancement of dye sensitive solar cell efficiency. For this reason, this paper gives a background of dye stuff, types and limitations and investigates the important criteria which are considered for selecting dye to enhance DSSC efficiency.
A comparative study of the glycaemic index of orange-fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) with the indigenous sweet potato commonly consumed in Abeokuta metropolis, Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Oyesanya Opeyemi S. , Olayiwola Ibiyemi O. , John Ebenezer P. , Oladosu Gbenga S. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Advocacy of orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) consumption as an essential crop in many developing countries to alleviate vitamin A deficiency due to its beta carotene bio-fortification. It is crucial to assess its glycaemic index (GI) compared to the indigenous sweet potato (ISP) for therapeutic meal planning.
Objective: This study aimed to determine and compare the GI of orange-fleshed sweet potato and indigenous sweet potato commonly consumed in Ogun State, Nigeria.
Materials and Method: OFSP and ISP were obtained from a farmers' market at Abeokuta, Nigeria. Ten healthy individuals within the age range of 18 and 24 years were recruited. Volunteers were served with equivalent test foods (250g of OFSP and 200g of ISP) to give 50g of available carbohydrates. The boiled potatoes were served plain after 11-12 hours overnight fast and tested the subject's blood glucose at different times. The incremental area under the curve (IAUC) was determined using Microsoft Excel, and the GI was calculated. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used to calculate the mean, standard deviation, and correlation. Statistical tests were significant at p ≤ 0.05.
Results: ISP had greater carbohydrate content (24.33g±0.20) than OFSP (18.87g±0.26). The mean GI of OFSP was 81.36g±7.17, while that of ISP was 85.50g±7.26. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the GI of OFSP and ISP at 30, 60, and 120 minutes, whereas found a significant difference (CI-95%) between the GI of OFSP, ISP, and glucose at 90 minutes.
Conclusion: The OFSP and ISP consumed in Ogun state have a high GI, although OFSP had lower GI compared to ISP. However, the GI values for these test foods were not significantly different.
A survey of tonsillectomy care patterns in Tanzania
Authors: Ntunaguzi Daudi , Mwansasu Christopher Simon , Kahinga Aveline Aloyce , Abraham Zephania Saitabau 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Tonsillectomy is one of the commonest surgical procedures performed worldwide and has implications for reducing morbidity for patients. There has been variability in tonsillectomy care patterns but we are unaware of any study conducted in Tanzania to survey such variable patterns. The objective of this study is to assess the current patterns of peri-operative care, techniques used and outcome of tonsillectomy by otorhinolaryngologists in Tanzania.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in which a structured 18-item questionnaire was used to obtain information on tonsillectomy care patterns. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 20.
Results: Among 26 (78.8%) of 33 otorhinolaryngologists practicing in Tanzania who responded to the questionnaire, three (11.5%) were females and 23 (88.4%) were males. Regarding intraoperatively use of steroids, eight (30.8%) otorhinolaryngologists do not use intraoperative steroids while four (15.4%) always used steroids. Twenty-four (92.3%) routinely prescribed postoperative antibiotics. Among the otorhinolaryngologists, 34.6% reported to have never performed same day tonsillectomy while 65.4% sometimes performed same day tonsillectomy.
Conclusion: This study has shown a similar diversity as compared elsewhere in the world of the practice of tonsillectomy care patterns, technique used and outcome among otorhinolaryngologists.
Microsporogenesis in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) grown in Mersin, Turkey
Authors: Küçükrecep Aslı , Tekdal Dilek 
Published: September 2022

Legumes are an alternative to animal foods due to their high protein content. Like other legumes, Vicia faba (faba bean) has high protein content. However, faba bean breeding with classical methods is challenging due to inbreeding depression, self-incompatibility, and abortive embryo formation. The inadequacy of classical breeding methods due to the problems in the fertilization biology of the plant limits the production of new varieties. Therefore, the importance of using in vitro haploidization technique in legume breeding is increasing. Anther culture is a widely preferred tissue culture technique for obtaining haploid plants. The initial and most crucial stage in anther culture is the identification of anthers containing microspores in the appropriate developmental stage. In the study, anther samples with single and triple-nucleated microspores were cultured in MS nutrient medium containing 2,4-D (0.5 mg L-1) and Kinetin (2.5 mg L-1). In the first month of culture, embryo and embryoid-like structures were obtained at the heart stage from anthers containing microspores in the mononuclear stage, while anther samples containing microspores in the trinucleated stage were observed to darken and did not develop.
KEINDAHAN BUNYI AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Zahrotan Nabawiya Fitria 
Published: September 2022

This study presents an analysis of the application of phonological studies to the beauty of the sound contained in surah al-Fatihah. The focus of this research is on the beauty, harmonization, and musicalization of the Qur'an surah al-Fatihah. Surah al-Fatihah was chosen because it has a unique and interesting language style to be discussed from a phonological perspective. This study uses the theory of phonology, rhythmic and musicality of the Qur'an, as well as the theory of the beauty of sound. This study aims to identify the beauty of the sound of the Qur'an surah al-Fatihah and find out how the process of its formation. The results of this study are the beauty of the sound of Surah al-Fatihah in the form of a combination of vowels and consonants, long and short vowels, consonants, final sound harmony, and the structure of word choice. With the harmonization in the form of harmony of long and short vowel patterns, consonants, punctuation marks, proximity of makhraj, and also the suitability of the pattern of the sound of verse one with the verse will be the reason how the beauty of the sound is formed. The sound of the Qur'an can be said to be beautiful because it is expressed properly and correctly in accordance with the rules of how to read the Qur'an.
Crisis in Rural Healthcare: Solutions To Meet the Need for Rural Physicians
Authors: Terry Richard , Kouzov Teodor , Ramsey Adam 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Rural healthcare has reached a precipitous point in rural America. Despite significant growth in the number of medical students enrolled in medical schools, fewer students are choosing to practice in rural primary care settings. Low reimbursement, closure of rural hospitals and clinics as well as physician burnout have exacerbated the stress on the healthcare delivery system in underserved areas. Yet diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and cancer are more prevalent per capita in rural communities than in urban areas. COVID-19 mortality also remains substantially higher in rural areas compared with urban ones. While rural medicine has been ignored in recent times, the healthcare supply has reached critically low levels, and changes to the system need to be prioritized. Solutions to help alleviate the rural physician shortage include opening new medical schools in rural communities, increasing exposure of medical students to underserved areas during their clinical years, and engaging in specific recruitment strategies for applicants from rural regions.