bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation of Bacterial Agents Associated with Otitis Media among Schoolchildren in Dhamar City- Yemen
Authors: Al-Mojahid Faheem Qaid , Faisal Mohammed Abduh Al-Nihmi  , Afaf Abdullkareem Al- Sosowaa  , Akram Ahmed Saleh  
Published: November 2022

Background: Otitis Media (OM) is the inflammation of the middle ear which is most common among children and can lead to hearing loss affecting 1.23 billion people in developing countries. The current study aims to isolate and identify the bacterial agent's causative otitis media among schoolchildren at Dhamar City, Yemen.
Methods: Cross section study was conducted at Dhamar City in the period from February to May 2020. A total of 100 ear swab samples were collected from children patients backing Al-Hasan, Al-Tholaia, Omar, Hamzah, Al-Shimaa and Al-Thawrah schools, inoculated into blood, chocolate, MacConkey agar, and biochemical tests.
The results: The results being drawn from the study show that the most common isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, flowed by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Alloiococcus spp. and Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Micrococcus spp. and Klebsiella spp. as the recorded rates 37%, 16%, 13%, 13%, 11%, 7% and 3% respectively.
Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae, were the predominant pathogens of discharging ear. Highest isolation rate of otitis media bacteria, were in age between nine to twelve and highest in female. Early detection and treatment of upper respiratory tract infection before it develops into OM and lead to hearing loss among children is a must. Further study with advanced test to detect bacteria causes OM is recommended.
Keywords: Otitis media; bacterial pathogens; Children; Yemen.
Synthesis and Characterization of CuO nanoparticles Using Morus, Citrus and Gossypium Plants Extract and Antibacterial Activities
Authors: Al-Majdad Khairiah Qaid , Bakeel Ali Radman  , Sadiq Al- jabhah  , Maha Al-Bahree  , Elham Abu benah  , Bajash F. Yehya 
Published: November 2022

Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized biological methods using aqueous extract of leaves of Morus, Citrus, and Gossypium. Leaves as a reducing and capping agent. The advantages of this methods are simple operation, use of cheap, natural, nontoxic and benign precursors, absence of toxic reagents and mild and environmentally friendly conditions. The green synthesized CuO NPs was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis demonstrated that the CuO NPs were crystalline with a mono clinic structure. The formation of NPs is monitored by recording the UV –vis optical properties exhibits in UV - region and band gap energy (Eg) greater than 3 eV. Electrical conductivity increases when temperature increases during the synthesis. Antibacterial study of the CuNPs was established using both gram positive and gram negative pathogens.
Keywords :Biological methods, CuO nanoparticles, Extract, Antibacterial.
Asociación entre la discrepancia de longitud de los miembros inferiores y el síndrome de atrapamiento femoroacetabular en jugadores de tenis
Authors: Cassino Jorge Martin 
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre la presencia de discrepancia de longitud de miembros inferiores (DLMI) y el desarrollo de síndrome de impingement femoroacetabular (SIFA) en jugadores de tenis.
Materiales y método: A partir de un diseño de casos y controles, se eligieron consecutivamente 14 tenistas con SIFA (casos) diagnosticados según criterios de Warwick y se los emparejó, en edad y sexo, con 14 tenistas sin SIFA (controles). Como medida de asociación se reportó el odds ratio (OR) con el intervalo de confianza al 95% (IC 95%). Se consideró significativo un valor de p<0,05.
Resultados: Se analizaron 28 sujetos (14 casos y 14 controles). La presencia de DLMI en los casos fue de 64,3% (9 sujetos) y de 57,1% (8 sujetos) en los controles. La presencia de DLMI no resultó un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de SIFA [OR 2 (IC 95% 0,1 - 117,1; p=0,99)]. La variable DLMI ≥1,2 cm tampoco se asoció a desarrollo de SIFA. [OR 1 (IC 95% 0,01 - 78,5; p=0,9)].
Conclusión: No se encontró asociación entre la DLMI y el SIFA. La DLMI en los rangos estudiados no puede considerarse un factor predisponente para el desarrollo de SIFA en jugadores de tenis.
El libro de artista como vehículo de la emoción del proyecto arquitectónico
Authors: Martínez Gutiérrez Raquel , Sardá Sánchez Raquel 
Published: November 2022

The choice of the artist/s book as a communication tool seeks to make visible the relationship between architecture and other disciplines and to redefine the student’s view of his or her process. The connections with a multidisciplinary field that incorporates contributions from sculpture, photography and literature allows us to investigate communicative practices that connect with the emotion of built space and matter. The format of the book, where the container is as relevant as the content, introduces the material variable as an instrument of communication that enhances the message of the project. In this practice, the teacher becomes a facilitator; its mission is to assist the students during the process of defining their language, guiding their decisions and pointing out possible territories for exploration.
La elección del libro de artista como herramienta de comunicación busca visibilizar la relación entre la arquitectura y otras disciplinas y redefinir la mirada del estudiantado sobre su propio proceso. Las conexiones con un ámbito multidisciplinar en el que se incorporan aportaciones desde la escultura, la fotografía o la literatura, permiten indagar en prácticas comunicativas que conectan con la emoción del espacio construido y de la materia. El formato del libro, donde el contenedor cobra tanta relevancia como el contenido, introduce la variable del material como instrumento de comunicación que potencia el mensaje del proyecto. En esta práctica, el docente se convierte en guía; su misión es acompañar al alumnado durante el proceso de definición de su propio lenguaje, orientando sus decisiones y señalándole posibles territorios de exploración.
Observación y crítica: sobre un punto de partida en el aprendizaje de Proyectos
Authors: López Sánchez Marina , Merino del Río Rebeca , Vicente Gilabert Cristina 
Published: November 2022

This text focuses on the starting point of learning in Architectural Design, that which corresponds to the first weeks of the students' training in the Degree. Its goal is to offer, through the presentation of a specific teaching methodology, a reflection on the relevance of starting the teaching of Architectural Design by introducing students to the social commitment that is inherent in the architectural practice. To this end, a concatenated experience developed in two workshops that were part of Course Arq(Cero) of the Degree in Architectural Foundations at the University of Seville in September of the 21/22 academic year is presented. The workshops were specifically focused on awakening in the students a critical attitude towards the assumed spatial models in housing and the city.
Este texto se centra en el punto de arranque del aprendizaje en Proyectos Arquitectónicos, aquel que se corresponde con las primeras semanas de formación de los estudiantes en el Grado. Su objetivo es ofrecer, a través de la presentación de una metodología de enseñanza específica, una reflexión sobre la pertinencia de comenzar la enseñanza de Proyectos Arquitectónicos introduciendo a los estudiantes el compromiso social que es inherente en el ejercicio arquitectónico. Para ello, se expone una experiencia concatenada desarrollada en dos talleres que formaron parte del Curso Arq(Cero) del Grado en Fundamentos de Arquitectura de la Universidad de Sevilla en septiembre del curso 21/22. Los talleres se centraron de manera específica en despertar en los estudiantes una actitud crítica frente a los modelos espaciales asumidos en la vivienda y la ciudad.
Espacios para la innovación docente: la arquitectura educa
Authors: Ventura Blanch Ferran , Salas Martín Nerea 
Published: November 2022

This communication focuses on the exhibition of the creation of new spaces of the School of Architecture of Malaga as spaces for teaching innovation. From the conception of the same, the selection of the design team, the construction and finally the teaching that is taught in them as an innovative spatial teaching model. Project that has been possible thanks to the collaboration between architecture students and professors, being a contest organized by the university to involve both groups in the design and construction of the same. The result of an ideas competition launched by the vice-rectorate of the Smart campus of the University of Malaga, where mixed teams were invited between architects and architecture students to involve them from their student stage in the design and construction process of architecture.
Esta comunicación se centra en la exposición de la creación de nuevos espacios de la Escuela de Arquitectura de Málaga como espacios para la innovación docente. Desde la concepción de los mismos, la selección del equipo de diseño, la construcción y finalmente la docencia que se imparte en ellos como modelo docente espacial innovador. Proyecto que ha sido posible gracias a la colaboración entre estudiantes de arquitectura y profesores, siendo un concurso convocado por la universidad para involucrar a ambos colectivos en el diseño y construcción de los mismos. Fruto de un concurso de ideas lanzado por el vicerrectorado de Smart campus de la Universidad de Málaga, donde se invitaba a crear equipos mixtos entre arquitectos y estudiantes de arquitectura para involucrar a estos desde su etapa de estudiante al proceso de diseño y construcción de la arquitectura.
Aprendizaje arquitectónico en tiempos de emergencia: ideas para una movilidad post-Covid
Authors: Manuel Jerez Esteban de , Andrades Borrás Mercedes , Rueda Barroso Sergio , Villanueva Molina Isabel María 
Published: November 2022

The 2019/2020 academic year began with a climate emergency declaration in many universities and ended in a health emergency declaration. We dedicated the first term of our Concept Drawing Course to work on ideas for a Climate Emergency Plan for our university and, in the aftermath of the COVID-19 crisis, we adapted them and presented them to the mayor of the city in the form of a post-COVID-19 mobility plan. For this we followed a problem-based and a Community Service Learning curriculum design where the student group was organized as a large Action Research group. The developed proposals were spread by different means: performances, exhibitions, social networks, video-creation, presentations on university TV and finally, after the pandemic, they were adapted as proposals to the climate emergency and presented in a virtual public event to the mayor and those responsible for urban public transport.
El curso 2019/2020 comenzó con una declaración de emergencia climática en muchas universidades y terminó con una declaración de emergencia sanitaria. Dedicamos el primer cuatrimestre de nuestra asignatura de dibujo de ideación a trabajar ideas para un Plan de Emergencia Climática de nuestra universidad y, sobrevenida, la crisis provocada por el COVID-19, las adaptamos y las presentamos al alcalde de la ciudad en forma de plan de movilidad post-covid. Para ello seguimos un diseño curricular de aprendizaje basado en problemas y Aprendizaje y Servicio a la Comunidad y el grupo de estudiantes se organizó como un gran grupo de Investigación-acción. Las propuestas elaboradas fueron divulgadas por diferentes medios: performances, exposición, redes sociales, videocreación, presentaciones en la TV universitaria y finalmente, sobrevenida la pandemia, adaptadas como propuestas a la emergencia climática y presentadas en acto virtual público al alcalde y a los responsables del transporte público urbano.
Resignificando espacios urbanos invisibles: invisibilizados mediante proyectos de ApS
Authors: Belo Ravara Pedro , Nuñez-Marti Paz , Lima Gaspar Pedro 
Published: November 2022

The touristization of Lagos, Portugal, has brought the well-known processes of economic transformation, gentrification, loss of local population and abandonment of touristically "invisible" areas. In collaboration with the City Council, the CCDR and SAAL of Algarve, we developed a research project to try to reverse this situation. Part of the project was undertaken through Learning and Service activities aimed at identifying and analyzing these morphological and socially invisible areas to develop proposals for their redefinition and integration. The work was carried out in the courses Architecture In Situ and Project Laboratory VI of the Integrated Master in Architecture, University of Lisbon. Two Spanish professors collaborated in the experience by introducing intangible indicators in the analysis: perceptual, social, gender. The most interesting projects were developed as TFM. The results presented to the local authorities will serve, as a consultancy, to implement plans for the re-signification of the now invisible places.
La turistización de Lagos, Portugal, ha traído los conocidos procesos de transformación económica, gentrificación, pérdida de población local y abandono de zonas turísticamente “invisibles”. Colaborando con el Ayuntamiento, el CCDR y el SAAL del Algarve, se desarrolló un proyecto de investigación destinado a intentar revertir la situación planteada. Parte del proyecto se acometió mediante actividades Aprendizaje y Servicio orientadas a identificar y analizar estas zonas morfológicamente invisibles o socialmente invisibilizadas para, de ahí, desarrollar propuestas orientadas a su resignificación e integración. El trabajo se realizó en las asignaturas Arquitectura In Situ y Laboratorio de Proyectos VI del Máster Integrado en Arquitectura, Universidad de Lisboa. Participaron en la experiencia dos profesores españoles introduciendo indicadores intangibles en los análisis: perceptivos, sociales, género. Los proyectos más interesantes se desarrollaron como TFM. Los resultados presentados a las autoridades locales servirán, cual consultoría, para implementar planes de resignificación de los lugares hoy invisibles.
Bienestar en torno a parques: tópicos multidisciplinares entre arquitectura y medicina
Authors: Bustamante Bustamante Teresita , Reyes Busch Marcelo , Saavedra Valenzuela Ignacio 
Published: November 2022

Despite the evidence of the impact that nature has on people's health, a sectoral view continues to prevail in the design of public policies. Part of this resistance is explained by the sectoral environment in the professional training space. This article reports a collaborative learning experience in a multidisciplinary context, in which architecture and medicine students address the common challenge of contributing to the orientation of public policies that integrate the planning of infrastructure for the use and accessibility of parks and natural areas with the planning and management of public health. The results of the experience are positive, both in the sense of the recommendations for the integrated planning of the specific territory and for training the capacity of future professionals to perform in complex and diverse environments.
A pesar de la evidencia del impacto que tiene la naturaleza en la salud de las personas, en el diseño de las políticas públicas sigue prevaleciendo una mirada sectorial. Parte de esta resistencia se explica por el entorno también sectorial en el espacio formativo profesional. Este artículo relata una experiencia de aprendizaje colaborativo en un entorno multidisciplinar, en el que estudiantes de arquitectura y medicina abordan el desafío común de contribuir con la orientación de políticas públicas que integren la planificación de la infraestructura para el uso y accesibilidad a parques y áreas naturales con la planificación y gestión de la salud pública. Los resultados de la experiencia fueron positivos, tanto en el sentido de las recomendaciones para la planificación integrada del territorio específico, como en el sentido de la formación de la capacidad de los futuros profesionales para desempeñarse en entornos complejos y diversos.
A Study of Plasma Homocysteine Level in Children with Autism
Authors: Al-Beltagy Shahenda Bdair , El-Serogy Hesham Ahmed , Elaziz Sahar Abd ElAzim Abd , Al-Gohary Tarek Mohammed 
Published: November 2022

Background: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that appears in early life. B6 and B12, and folate support homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism. Hence, any defect to them leads to Hcy accumulation in the body. Hcy, vitamins B12, B6 and folate are important in psychiatric disorders such dementia, schizophrenia, and autism. This study intended to compare the plasma Hcy levels in normal and autistic cases to find out whether there is difference between the levels of Hcy in plasma of autistic and normal children.
Methods: This case control study enrolled 60 children who were allocated in two groups 30 with autism and other 30 as controls. All patients were exposed to full history taking, physical examination, mental status examination, hearing test, routine lab investigations and specific lab investigations (serum folic acid, plasma vitamin B12 and Hcy level).
Results: Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) level among autistic children was 49.400 ± 5.840. The mean plasma Hcy level was considerably higher in children with autism than controls (P value< 0. 01). The mean serum folic acid level and vit B12 level was significantly reduced in autistic cases than controls (P value< 0. 01). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between plasma Hcy level (µmol/L) and CARS level in children with autism (P value< 0. 01).
Conclusions: Children with autism have increased levels of Hcy, and decreased levels of folic acid and vit B12. So, Hcy may be used as a clinical biomarker for early diagnosis and managing of autistic children.
Postnatal maternal deprivation aggravates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in adult Lewis rats: reversal by chronic imipramine treatment
Authors: Stephan Michael , Straub Rainer H. , Breivik Torbjørn , Pabst Reinhard , von Hörsten Stephan 
Published: July 2002

AbstractStressful experiences can modulate multiple sclerosis, but stress protection is currently not considered a treatment option. Here, we show that maternal deprivation, an adverse stress experience in infancy, increases emotionality in behavioral tests of adult female Lewis rats and concomitantly causes a more severe course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Treatment of these effects in adulthood by chronic antidepressants (imipramine) reversed the behavioral symptoms and attenuated the course of the encephalomyelitis in deprived rats. Increased IL‐4 plasma levels accompanied the protective‐like effects of antidepressants. In contrast, attempts to prevent these effects in infancy by tactile stimulation aggravated the encephalomyelitis, possibly by decreasing corticosterone and increasing IFN‐γ levels during the disease. This indicates that antidepressants exert protective effects in an animal model of multiple sclerosis, and suggests that drugs modifying stress responsiveness may have a potential role as adjuvant treatment of the disease.
Light‐Directed Simultaneous Synthesis of Oligopeptides on Microarray Substrate Using a Photogenerated Acid
Authors: Komolpis Kittinan , Srivannavit Onnop , Gulari Erdogan 
Published: July 2002

AbstractPhotogenerated acid (PGA) was used as the acid to remove the protection group from amino acids or peptide oligomers. Comparative study of the deprotection using a PGA, trisarylsulfonium antimonyhexafluoride (SSb), and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) was performed on glass microscope slides. The results showed that PGA can replace TFA in the deprotection step of oligopeptide synthesis with comparable efficiencies. Acids needed for the deprotection step were generated in situ by light activiation of the precursor molecule on the microwell substrate. A maskless laser light illumination system was used to activate the precursor. The accuracy of the amino acid sequence of the synthesized oligopeptide and the location of the synthesis was illustrated by the specific recognition binding of two different models: lead(II) ion‐peptide biosensor for lead(II) and human protein p53 (residue 20–25)‐mouse MAb DO1. After parallel synthesis of the target peptide models and their analogues based on the predetermined pattern, specific binding treatment, and fluorescence labeling, the fluorescence emission images of the oligopeptide microarray showed fluorescence intensity as a result of specific binding at the correct locations of the array. The stepwise synthesis efficiencies of pentapeptide synthesis on the microwell substrate range are ∼96–100% and do not decrease with respect to the chain length of the peptide.
Correlation of Fermentation Yield with Yeast Extract Composition as Characterized by Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Kasprow Robert P. , Lange Andrew J. , Kirwan Donald J. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractComplex, ill‐defined mixtures of natural origin are often used as nutrients in the production of biological products through microbial fermentation. Product yields are affected by variation in these natural products. It was desired to examine near‐infrared spectroscopy as a rapid screening tool for qualifying raw material lots. Specifically, the characterization of yeast extract was investigated. The model system consisted of a Merck & Co., Inc., microbial fermentation process. Cell mass and specific product yields are dependent upon variations in the yeast extract used in the medium. Partial least‐squares regression on the second‐derivative spectral absorbances of various yeast extracts in the ranges 1150–1380, 1554–1826, and 2100–2300 nm resulted in the development of models with multiple correlation coefficients of 0.99 for cell mass yields and 0.96 for specific product yields in large‐scale fermentations. These models could also be used to predict cell mass yields in 15 L batch fermentations and specific product yields in 2‐L shake flasks.
Splanchnic vasoconstriction by angiotensin II is arterial pressure dependent
Authors: Broomé M. , Åneman A. , Lehtipalo S. , Arnerlöv C. , Johansson G. , Winsö O. , Biber B. 
Published: July 2002

Background: Our hypothesis was that splanchnic vasoconstriction by exogenous angiotensin II (Ang II) is significantly potentiated by local mechanisms increasing vasomotor tone and that splanchnic tissue oxygenation during administration of Ang II is perfusion pressure dependent. The aim was to study local splanchnic circulatory effects and tissue oxygenation during intravenous infusion of Ang II at different levels of regional arterial driving pressure in a whole‐body large animal model.Methods: Ang II was infused in incremental doses (0–200 μg · h−1) in anaesthetised instrumented pigs (n=8). Mean superior mesenteric arterial pressure (PSMA) was adjusted by a local variable perivascular occluder. Perivascular ultrasound and laser‐Doppler flowmetry were used for measurements of mesenteric venous blood flow and superficial intestinal blood flow, respectively. Intestinal oxygenation was evaluated by oxygen tissue tension (PtiO2) and lactate fluxes.Results: Ang II produced prominent and dose‐dependent increases in mesenteric vascular resistance (RSMA) when the intestine was exposed to systemic arterial pressure, but Ang II increased RSMA only minimally when PSMA was artificially kept constant at a lower level (50 mmHg) by the occluder. Although Ang II decreased PtiO2 at a PSMA of 50 mmHg, splanchnic lactate production was not observed.Conclusion: We demonstrate that splanchnic vasoconstriction by exogenous Ang II is dependent on arterial driving pressure, suggesting significant potentiation through autoregulatory increases in vasomotor tone. Intestinal hypoxaemia does not seem to occur during short‐term infusion of Ang II in doses that significantly increases systemic arterial pressure.