bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinematics of luminous blue variables in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Aghakhanloo Mojgan , Smith Nathan , Andrews Jennifer , Olsen Knut , Besla Gurtina , Choi Yumi 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
We study the kinematics of luminous blue variables (LBVs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). Using high-resolution spectra, we measure the systemic radial velocities for a sample of 16 LBVs and LBV candidates. In order to measure the net motion of LBVs compared to their local environments, we subtract the projected line-of-sight velocity at the same location derived from the rotation curve model of the LMC. Using nebular and wind emission lines, we infer a velocity dispersion for LBVs of $40.0^{+9.9}_{-6.6}$ km s−1. To put LBVs in context with other evolved massive stars, we compare this to red supergiants (RSGs) in the LMC, which have a significantly smaller velocity dispersion of $16.5^{+0.4}_{-0.6}$ km s−1. Moreover, 33 per cent of LBVs have radial velocities of more than 25 km s−1, while only 9 per cent of RSG have such high velocities. This suggests that LBVs include more runaways than the population of stars that evolves to become RSGs, indicating that LBVs are preferentially kicked by a companion’s supernova explosion as compared to other evolved massive stars. Our investigation reveals other interesting clues about LBVs in the LMC as well. We find that radial velocities and widths of emission lines for each target remain constant over several epochs, whereas measured absorption lines exhibit highly variable radial velocities for R110, R81, S Dor, Sk-69°142a, and Sk-69°279. These five LBVs probably have a binary companion. Additionally, we find that Sk-69°142a experienced its second outburst in 2019 September, shifting its status from candidate to confirmed LBV.
Mira variables in the Milky Way’s nuclear stellar disc: discovery and classification
Authors: Sanders Jason L , Matsunaga Noriyuki , Kawata Daisuke , Smith Leigh C , Minniti Dante , Lucas Philip W 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
The properties of the Milky Way’s nuclear stellar disc give crucial information on the epoch of bar formation. Mira variables are promising bright candidates to study the nuclear stellar disc, and through their period–age relation dissect its star formation history. We report on a sample of 1782 Mira variable candidates across the central $3\times 3\, \mathrm{deg}^2$ of the Galaxy using the multi-epoch infrared VISTA Variables in Via Lactea (VVV) survey. We describe the algorithms employed to select candidate variable stars and then model their light curves using periodogram and Gaussian process methods. By combining with WISE, 2MASS, and other archival photometry, we model the multiband light curves to refine the periods and inspect the amplitude variation between different photometric bands. The infrared brightness of the Mira variables means many are too bright and missed by VVV. However, our sample follows a well-defined selection function as expected from artificial star tests. The multiband photometry is modelled using stellar models with circumstellar dust that characterize the mass-loss rates. We demonstrate how ≳90 per cent of our sample is consistent with O-rich chemistry. Comparison to period–luminosity relations demonstrates that the bulk of the short period stars are situated at the Galactic Centre distance. Many of the longer period variables are very dusty, falling significantly under the O-rich Magellanic Cloud and solar neighbourhood period–luminosity relations and exhibit high mass-loss rates of $\sim 2.5\times 10^{-5}M_\odot \, \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$. The period distribution appears consistent with the nuclear stellar disc forming $\gtrsim 8\, \mathrm{Gyr}$ ago, although it is not possible to disentangle the relative contributions of the nuclear stellar disc and the contaminating bulge.
A method for reconstructing the Galactic magnetic field using dispersion of fast radio bursts and Faraday rotation of radio galaxies
Authors: Pandhi A , Hutschenreuter S , West J L , Gaensler B M , Stock A 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
With the rapid increase of fast radio burst (FRB) detections within the past few years, there is now a catalogue being developed for all-sky extragalactic dispersion measure (DM) observations in addition to the existing collection of all-sky extragalactic Faraday rotation measurements (RMs) of radio galaxies. We present a method of reconstructing all-sky information of the Galactic magnetic field component parallel to the line of sight, B∥, using simulated observations of the RM and DM along lines of sight to radio galaxies and FRB populations, respectively. This technique is capable of distinguishing between different input Galactic magnetic fields and thermal electron density models. Significant extragalactic contributions to the DM are the predominant impediment in accurately reconstructing the Galactic DM and 〈B∥〉 skies. We look at ways to improve the reconstruction by applying a filtering algorithm on the simulated DM lines of sight and we derive generalized corrections for DM observations at |b| &gt; 10° that help to disentangle Galactic and extragalactic DM contributions. Overall, we are able to reconstruct both large-scale Galactic structure and local features in the Milky Way’s magnetic field from the assumed models. We discuss the application of this technique to future FRB observations and address possible differences between our simulated model and observed data, namely: adjusting the priors of the inference model, an unevenly distributed population of FRBs on the sky, and localized extragalactic DM structures.
A joint measurement of galaxy luminosity functions and large-scale field densities during the Epoch of Reionization
Authors: Trapp A C , Furlanetto Steven R 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
One of the most exciting advances of the current generation of telescopes has been the detection of galaxies during the epoch of reionization, using deep fields that have pushed these instruments to their limits. It is essential to optimize our analyses of these fields in order to extract as much information as possible from them. In particular, standard methods of measuring the galaxy luminosity function discard information on large-scale dark matter density fluctuations, even though this large-scale structure drives galaxy formation and reionization during the Cosmic Dawn. Measuring these densities would provide a bedrock observable, connecting galaxy surveys to theoretical models of the reionization process and structure formation. Here, we use existing Hubble deep field data to simultaneously fit the universal luminosity function and measure large-scale densities for each Hubble deep field at z = 6–8 by directly incorporating priors on the large-scale density field and galaxy bias. Our fit of the universal luminosity function is consistent with previous methods but differs in the details. For the first time, we measure the underlying densities of the survey fields, including the most over/underdense Hubble fields. We show that the distribution of densities is consistent with current predictions for cosmic variance. This analysis on just 17 fields is a small sample of what will be possible with the James Webb Space Telescope, which will measure hundreds of fields at comparable (or better) depths and at higher redshifts.
Innovative online care: A cross-sectional survey study of potential benefits and challenges of online lactation consultation service with paediatrician consultation
Authors: Hamid Muhammad Akhter , Kumar Anubha , Gunaseelan Luxhman , Arulchelvan Atchaya , Sinha Abhinav , Razi Sidra , Subhan Muzhda , Subhan Sarah , Kapoor Suruchi , Salim Asim 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Telelactation, a virtual lactation support platform, is a convenient and effective way of providing virtual breastfeeding support services and communicating proper breastfeeding techniques to new mothers to address any breastfeeding challenges and boost overall maternal breastfeeding confidence all from the comfort of their homes. This Ontario Health Insurance Plan (OHIP) covered service benefits more mothers in the remote areas where in-person LC service is not easily accessible.

Objective
The objective of this cross-sectional survey study is to explore the feasibility, potential benefits, and challenges, and level of patient satisfaction in virtual lactation consultation services along with virtual paediatrician consultation available in Ontario, Canada.

Method
Patient satisfaction was assessed using a structured online survey as a part of a cross-sectional observational study that asked questions relevant to several independent demographic variables as well as specific Likert type scale questions to gauge patient satisfaction with virtual lactation consultation.

Results
Data were analyzed from 177 survey responses (n=177), of which study revealed that 86.44% (153/177) were satisfied with the virtual lactation services they received. Patient satisfaction was found to be higher in the first-time mothers with high school or undergraduate education between the age group of 26 to 35 years living in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). In terms of connectivity, participants from the GTA had a better experience overall compared those living outside the GTA.

Conclusion
OHIP covered telelactation with a paediatrician consultation is an innovative and feasible health care delivery platform for providing remote professional breastfeeding support to mothers of all socio-economic strata with great potential to further improve both patient experience and efficiency in patient care.
Spotlight environmental sustainability: a strategic priority for NICE
Authors: Sharma Manuj , Walpole Sarah , Shah Koonal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article provides the context for the ambition outlined in the the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 2021–2026 strategy to ‘lead globally on the potential to include environmental impact data in its guidance to reduce the carbon footprint of health and care’. Anthropogenic environmental changes pose a catastrophic risk to human health, with potential to widen national and global health inequalities. Recognising the fact that NICE guidance influences the way health and care is delivered and its consequent environmental impact, NICE has included environmental sustainability among its strategic priorities. This article outlines the work underway to meet this sustainability agenda at NICE.
Research governance and the dynamics of science: A framework for the study of governance effects on research fields
Authors: Nedeva Maria , Tirado Mayra M , Thomas Duncan A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article offers a framework for the study of research governance effects on scientific fields framed by notions of research quality and the epistemic, organizational, and career choices they entail. The framework interprets the contested idea of ‘quality’ as an interplay involving notion origins, quality attributes, and contextual sites. We mobilize the origin and site components, to frame organizational-level events where quality notions inform selections, or selection events. Through the dynamic interplay between notions selected at specific sites, we contend, local actors enact research quality cumulatively, by making choices that privilege certain notions over others. In this article, we contribute in four ways. First, we propose an approach to study research governance effects on scientific fields. Second, we introduce first- and second-level effects of research governance paving the way to identify mechanisms through which these different levels of effects occur. Third, we assert that interactions between research spaces and fields leading to effects occur in the context of research organizations, and at nine key selection events. Fourth, and lastly, we discuss an empirical test on an illustration case to demonstrate how this approach can be applied.
Reaching to Sounds Improves Spatial Hearing in Bilateral Cochlear Implant Users
Authors: Valzolgher Chiara , Gatel Julie , Bouzaid Sabrina , Grenouillet Solene , Todeschini Michela , Verdelet Gregoire , Salemme Romeo , Gaveau Valerie , Truy Eric , Farnè Alessandro , Pavani Francesco 
Published: August 2022

Objectives:
We assessed if spatial hearing training improves sound localization in bilateral cochlear implant (BCI) users and whether its benefits can generalize to untrained sound localization tasks.

Design:
In 20 BCI users, we assessed the effects of two training procedures (spatial versus nonspatial control training) on two different tasks performed before and after training (head-pointing to sound and audiovisual attention orienting). In the spatial training, participants identified sound position by reaching toward the sound sources with their hand. In the nonspatial training, comparable reaching movements served to identify sound amplitude modulations. A crossover randomized design allowed comparison of training procedures within the same participants. Spontaneous head movements while listening to the sounds were allowed and tracked to correlate them with localization performance.

Results:
During spatial training, BCI users reduced their sound localization errors in azimuth and adapted their spontaneous head movements as a function of sound eccentricity. These effects generalized to the head-pointing sound localization task, as revealed by greater reduction of sound localization error in azimuth and more accurate first head-orienting response, as compared to the control nonspatial training. BCI users benefited from auditory spatial cues for orienting visual attention, but the spatial training did not enhance this multisensory attention ability.

Conclusions:
Sound localization in BCI users improves with spatial reaching-to-sound training, with benefits to a nontrained sound localization task. These findings pave the way to novel rehabilitation procedures in clinical contexts.
Treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with palbociclib-based therapies: real-world data in the Han population
Authors: Mo Hongnan , Ma Fei , Li Qing , Zhang Pin , Yuan Peng , Wang Jiayu , Luo Yang , Cai Ruigang , Li Qiao , Xu Binghe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background:
This study aimed to reveal the treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of diverse palbociclib-based regimens in Han patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) metastatic breast cancer in routine clinical practice.

Methods:
The clinical data of patients with ER+ metastatic breast cancer treated with palbociclib were collected from the National Cancer Center database. The efficacy profile of palbociclib in this Han population was evaluated, especially for various combination regimens. The efficacy of palbociclib-based therapy in patients with prior everolimus treatment was also assessed.

Results:
A total of 186 patients from 89 cities in 18 provinces in China were enrolled. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was similar among different palbociclib-combined groups (P = 0.566): 10.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.8–16.1) in the +exemestane group, 9.7 months (95% CI 6.3–13.1) in the +letrozole group, 7.8 months (95% CI 5.5–10.2) in the +fulvestrant group, 7.2 months (95% CI 3.2–11.3) in the +toremifene group, and 6.1 months (95% CI 1.2–11.0) in the +anastrozole group. Thirty-four patients (18.3%) had received everolimus for their metastatic disease before the prescription of palbociclib. The disease control rate was significantly lower in patients who had received previous everolimus than in the everolimus-naïve group (50.0% vs. 82.2%, P < 0.001). Patients pre-treated with everolimus had significantly worse PFS than those in the everolimus-naïve group (3.4 months vs. 8.8 months, P
= 0.001). After propensity score matching, patients pre-treated with everolimus had similar PFS (4.4 months, 95% CI 0.5–8.2) compared with everolimus-naïve patients (6.1 months, 95% CI 4.7–7.5, P
= 0.439).

Conclusions:
Various palbociclib-based regimens have promising efficacy in ER+ metastatic breast cancer in real-world settings, even in patients who had been pre-treated with everolimus.
Intramedullary Nailing Versus Compound Plate Osteosynthesis in Pathologic Diaphyseal Humerus Fractures
Authors: Koob Sebastian , Plöger Milena M. , Bornemann Rahel , Lehmann Ramona P. , Alex Dana , Placzek Richard 
Published: August 2022

Background and Objectives:
Pathologic fractures of the extremities due to carcinoma metastases require individual and patient prognosis-related stabilization procedures. Considering the anatomic features of the humerus, implant material stability is less critical than femoral fractures because of less weight-bearing stress. Therefore, operation length, blood loss, and quick recovery of function are of greater interest. In this retrospective cohort study, we evaluated and compared the outcomes of compound plate osteosynthesis and intramedullary (IM) nailing while managing diaphyseal pathologic fractures of the humerus.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed patients treated at our institution for pathologic fractures of the diaphyseal humerus between 2010 and 2021 for group differences (plate osteosynthesis vs. IM nailing) in terms of blood loss, length of operation, implant survival, and upper extremity function.

Results:
We reviewed 42 stabilization procedures due to pathologic diaphyseal humerus fractures, with a mean follow-up of 8.5±15.4 months. IM nailing (n=20) showed a significantly lower blood loss (266.7±23.7 mL) than plate osteosynthesis (n=22, 571.1±92.6 mL). We did not detect statistically significant differences in the complication rate, length of operation, or Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggested that diaphyseal fractures of the humerus should be stabilized using an IM nail rather than plate osteosynthesis due to lower blood loss, while complication rate, implant survival, and length of operation remain indifferent.
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Implant for the Reconstruction of Severe Destruction in the Maxilla: Case Report
Authors: Hamsho Ramez , Mahardawi Basel , Assi Haider , Alkhatib Haya 
Published: August 2022

Summary:
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implants are being increasingly used to reconstruct defects in the oral and maxillofacial region. This article reports a special case of a patient with major destruction in his maxilla due to a war injury. The resultant defect was reconstructed with a 3D-printed, patient-specific, PEEK implant, restoring acceptable function and aesthetics. The patient followed up for 13 months and showed no technical or biological complications, proving the reliability of this treatment option for recreating severe maxillofacial deformities, and benefiting from the advantage they offer, which is eliminating the need for additional surgery to harvest autogenous bone grafts. Thus, when applicable, the use of PEEK implants could be a possible alternative to other treatment modalities.
Military sexual trauma and incident hypertension: a 16-year cohort study of young and middle-aged men and women
Authors: Gaffey Allison E. , Rosman Lindsey , Sico Jason J. , Haskell Sally G. , Brandt Cynthia A. , Bathulapalli Harini , Han Ling , Dziura James , Skanderson Melissa , Burg Matthew M. 
Published: August 2022

Objectives:
Veterans, especially women, are three times more to experience sexual harassment and assault [military sexual trauma (MST)] than civilians. As trauma is associated with elevated cardiovascular risk, we investigated whether MST independently contributes to risk for incident hypertension and whether the effects are distinct among women.

Methods:
We assessed 788 161 post-9/11 Veterans (Mage = 32.14 years, 13% women) who were free of hypertension at baseline, using nationwide Veterans Health Administration data collected 2001–2017. Time-varying, multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the independent contribution of MST to new cases of hypertension while sequentially adjusting for demographics, lifestyle and cardiovascular risk factors, including baseline blood pressure, and psychiatric disorders including posttraumatic stress disorder. We then tested for effect modification by sex.

Results:
Over 16 years [mean = 10.23 (SD: 3.69)], 35 284 Veterans screened positive for MST (67% were women). In the fully adjusted model, MST was associated with a 15% greater risk of hypertension [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.11–1.19]. In sex-specific analyses, men and women with a history of MST showed a 6% (95% CI, 1.00–1.12, P = 0.042) and 20% greater risk of hypertension (95% CI, 1.15–1.26, P < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusion:
In this large prospective cohort of young and middle-aged Veterans, MST was associated with incident hypertension after controlling for established risk factors, including trauma-related psychiatric disorders. Although MST is disproportionately experienced by women, and the negative cardiovascular impact of MST is demonstrated for both sexes, the association with hypertension may be greater for women. Subsequent research should determine if early MST assessment and treatment attenuates this risk.
Skin capillary alterations in patients with acute SarsCoV2 infection
Authors: Rosei Claudia Agabiti , Gaggero Andrea , Famà Francesca , Malerba Paolo , Chiarini Giulia , Nardin Matteo , Brami Valeria , Rossini Claudia , Coschignano Maria Antonietta , Porteri Enzo , Salvetti Massimo , Muiesan Maria Lorenza , Rizzoni Damiano , De Ciuceis Carolina 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Acute SarsCov2 infection is associated with endothelial dysfunction and ‘endothelitis’, which might explain systemic microvascular impairment. The presence of endothelial damage may promote vasoconstriction with organ ischemia, inflammation, tissue oedema and a procoagulant state resulting in an increase in the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Microvascular thrombosis has been demonstrated in postmortem autopsy of COVID-19 patients; however, few data are available about skin capillary alterations in these patients.

Materials and methods:
We evaluated skin microvascular alteration in 22 patients admitted to our hospital with SarsCov2 infection. Capillary density was evaluated by capillaroscopy in the nailfold and the dorsum of the finger in the acute phase of the disease. Capillaroscopy was repeated after 3 months (recovery phase). In addition, blood chemistry parameters and inflammatory markers were obtained during acute infection and at the recovery after 3 months.

Results:
Patients with COVID-19 showed skin microvascular complications, such as thrombosis, microhaemorrhages and neoangiogenesis, which were not detected after 3 months from the discharge. A significant reduction of capillary density in the dorsum was observed after 3 months from the acute infection (97.2 ± 5.3 vs. 75.81 ± 3.9 n/mm2
P < 0.05). A significant inverse correlation between C-reactive protein and capillary density was observed in patients with acute SarsCov2 infection (r = 0.44, P < 0.05). Conversely a direct correlation between capillary density during the acute phase and lymphocyte number was detected (r = 0.49, P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
This is the first in-vivo evidence of skin capillary thrombosis, microhaemorrhages and angiogenesis in patients with acute SarsCov2 infection, which disappeared after 3 months, supporting the presence of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. Capillary alterations might reflect systemic vascular effects of viral infection.