bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the NIST Charpy Program Database: Influence of Impact Hammer Type (C versus U) on Test Results
Authors: Lucon Enrico , Santoyo Raymond L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The NIST Charpy Machine Verification Program has been supplying ASTM E23-18, Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials certified Charpy reference specimens to customers all over the world since 1989, when the program was transferred from the US Army at Watertown Arsenal, Massachusetts. Starting in 1993, customer test results have been recorded in the form of absorbed energy values in an electronic database, which currently contains more than 70,000 records. In this study, data from the period 2000–2021 have been analyzed to investigate the influence of machine type/hammer configuration (C-type versus U-type) on Charpy test results at three absorbed energy levels. The significance of the trends observed has been assessed statistically, and compared to the trends observed for the three NIST reference machines used for the certification of Charpy reference specimens. The current line-up of NIST machines (one C-type and two U-type) has been found to provide the highest percentage of successful verifications with respect to other combinations of reference machines.
Reformist, progressive, radical: The case for an inclusive alliance
Authors: Poppendieck Janet Elizabeth 
Published: July 2022

Scholars of food regimes and food movements have argued that the capacity of the contemporary food movement to achieve significant change is dependent upon the nature of the alliances formed by the progressive, food justice component of the broader array of food change organizations. They have urged alliances primarily with the more radical food sovereignty branch of the food movement. I argue that in the United States, which provides far more assistance to poor people as food assistance than as cash welfare, alliances with reformist food security organizations, and specifically the anti-hunger organizations focused on protecting and expanding federal food assistance, must be an essential part of any significant food justice agenda. These programs are essential to the survival of millions of Americans in the present while we are trying to build a better world for the future. Mobilized and informed public policy advocacy has an impressive track record of successful defense and incremental improvement of food programs. Several of these programs are entitlements that actually create justiciable rights. The collective procurement associated with school food and other public meal programs creates levers for fundamental food system change. And the network of federal, state and local anti-hunger organizations is potentially a portal through which people can enter the movement for a just food future. Food justice activists should include anti-hunger advocates among their allies and partners.
community food centre: Using relational spaces to transform deep stories and shift public will
Authors: Habib Syma 
Published: July 2022

COVID-19 has revealed deep inequities in our food system. As goodwill and charity from this crisis disappears, and emergency supports begin to dwindle, we can anticipate increased food insecurity amongst Canadians. Rising food prices and unemployment will drive a lack of access to fresh nutritious foods for already stressed and vulnerable individuals.
As a community organizer who has advocated for poverty reduction and food justice over my lifetime, I understand the short-lived nature of change that occurs without public will and engagement - policy wins end up being removed in the next election cycle. My experience with party-dependent advocacy projects has led me to ask the question: how do we build the kind of public will that demands access to healthy and nutritious food as not an individual responsibility but a public duty, much like universal healthcare?
In writing this paper I intend to draw upon my experiences in organizing to explore the deeper cultural and internal shifts that may need to occur to inspire public will and create change that lasts beyond a single election cycle, and the opportunity that COVID-19 presents as Canadians grapple with questions about food security and poverty in an unprecedented time. I will connect with three community members I advocated with in my time doing placebased community organizing, all with different experiences of food insecurity, and use a storytelling approach to imagine a more effective way of advocating for just food futures.
Identification of potential risk factors for the poor prognosis of neonatal sepsis
Authors: Sahu Puspita , Srinivasan Meenakshi , Thunga Girish , Lewis Leslie Edward , Kunhikatta Vijayanarayana 
Published: July 2022

Background and aim. Risk factor-based approach is one of the best approaches employed by middle income countries which are not well facility driven for any disease management. Thus, through this approach, we aim to identify the potential risk factors responsible for the poor outcome in neonatal sepsis.
Methods. A case control was conducted retrospectively with neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit during January 2012 to December 2016. Cases were identified using ICD-10 Code from inpatient medical records and demographic, maternal and neonatal details were collected from the medical files. Logistic regression was performed to identify the risk factors associated with mortality in neonatal sepsis. Results. A total of 613 neonates were found to have culture positive sepsis from the 4690 neonates admitted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). There was a total of 831 episodes in the 613 neonates. The mortality rate in neonates with sepsis was found to be 25.4%. Extremely low birth weight (OR 6.171, CI 3.475-10.957), extreme preterm (OR 5.761, CI 2.612-12.708), very preterm (OR 2.548, CI 1.607-4.042), preeclampsia (OR 1.671, CI 1.091-2.562), acute renal failure (OR 4.939, CI-2.588-9.426), coagulopathy (OR 2.211, CI-1.486-3.289), septic shock (OR 173.522, CI-23.642-1273.59), thrombocytopenia (OR 5.231, CI-3.310-8.268), leukopenia (OR 2.422, CI- 1.473-3.984), CRP > 24 (OR 2.099, CI-1.263-3.487) and abnormal absolute neutrophil count (OR 2.108, CI-1.451-3.062) were some of the significant predictors, identified through risk-based approach, in assessing mortality in neonatal sepsis.
Conclusion. Risk-based approach applied was successful in determining plausible important predictors such like extreme low birth weight, extreme preterm, resistance against gram negative infections, preeclampsia, septic shock, hypotension, leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia in predicting mortality in neonatal sepsis. These potential risk factors, identified through risk- based approach, can play a pivotal role in assisting clinician to make appropriate and judicious decision.
Syria: A Showroom for Russia Latest Generation of Military Equipment
Authors: Yasmin Leonando Arief , Dwiastuti Ilmi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. In 2011, a series of protest in MENA (Middle East and North African) region demanding a change of regime to democracy due to their outgrowing rage over the dictatorship government, poor living condition, and high-rates of unemployment ultimately leading to the Syrian Civil War. This paper aims to discuss the correlation of Russian entrance in the Syrian Civil War whether the war affected Russia’s defense industry through the ‘marketing effect’ it created in the battlefield. A Realist perspective is mainly used in this research paper to help uncover the benefits that Russia had gained in multiple spectrums since its entrance in the Syrian Civil War until the end of 2020, though, the discussion is mainly focuses on Russia’s arms sale industry and its growing partners in MENA after Russia’s entrance to the grand theatre.Keywords: Syrian Civil War, Russia, MENA, Arms sale. Abstrak. Pada tahun 2011, serangkaian protes di wilayah MENA (Timur Tengah dan Afrika Utara) menuntut perubahan rezim ke demokrasi karena kemarahan mereka yang semakin besar atas pemerintahan yang diktator, kondisi kehidupan yang buruk, dan tingkat pengangguran yang tinggi pada akhirnya mengarah pada Perang Sipil Suriah. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membahas korelasi masuknya Rusia dalam Perang Saudara Suriah, apakah perang tersebut mempengaruhi industri pertahanan Rusia melalui “marketing effect” yang ditimbulkannya di medan perang. Perspektif Realis terutamanya digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk membantu mengungkap manfaat yang diperoleh Rusia dalam berbagai spektrum sejak masuknya dalam Perang Saudara Suriah hingga akhir tahun 2020. Meskipun demikian, diskusi ini terutama berfokus pada industri penjualan senjata Rusia dan mitra yang berkembang di MENA setelah masuknya Rusia ke teater besar.Kata Kunci: Perang Saudara Suriah, Rusia, MENA, Penjualan Senjata.
Potret Filantropi Islam Terbesar di Indonesia
Authors: Yulianti Yulianti , Afiah Khoniq Nur , Pamungkas Nikmatul Choyroh , Berlianti Dinda Ayu Prastiwi , Aulia Raine Syifa 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. This research discusses the management of the largest Islamic philanthropy in Indonesia which has a movement in helping to solve various problems experienced by society using the approach of values in Islam and the concept of community empowerment. The research methods used are descriptive qualitative and phenomenological approaches. The data in this study was taken with interview and documentation techniques. This research focuses on studying two major Islamic philanthropies in Indonesia, namely Dompet Dhuafa and Lazis NU. The results of this study say that Dompet Dhuafa and Lazis NU as Islamic philanthropy have management that is not much different from the concept of social institution management in general. There are two important points in this research. First, Dompet Dhuafa and Lazis NU in the process of distributing aid also involve the concept of empowerment and both Islamic philanthropy also follow the process of empowering well. Second, Dompet Dhuafa and Lazis NU also have organizational management based on Community Base Organization. This is indicated by the orientation owned by the two Islamic philanthropies, namely as a non-profit institute oriented to social change.Keywords: Islamic philanthropy, empowerment, organizational management. Abstrak. Penelitian ini membahas manajemen filantropi Islam terbesar di Indonesia yang memiliki gerakan dalam membantu menyelesaikan berbagai persoalan yang sedang dialami oleh masyarakat dengan menggunakan pendekatan nilai-nilai dalam Islam. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dan pendekatan fenomenologi. Data-data dalam penelitian ini diambil dengan teknik wawancara dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini fokus mengkaji dua filantropi Islam terbesar di Indonesia, yaitu Dompet Dhuafa dan Lazis NU. Hasil penelitian ini mengatakan bahwa Dompet Dhuafa dan Lazis NU sebagai filantropi Islam memiliki manajemen pengelolaan yang tidak jauh berbeda dengan konsep manajemen lembaga sosial pada umumnya. Terdapat dua poin penting dalam penelitian ini. Pertama, Dompet Dhuafa maupun Lazis NU dalam proses penyaluran bantuan melibatkan konsep pemberdayaan dan kedua filantropi Islam tersebut juga mengikuti proses penyelenggaraan pemberdayaan dengan baik. Kedua, Dompet Dhuafa dan Lazis NU memiliki manajemen organisasi yang berbasis Community Base Organization. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan orientasi yang dimiliki oleh kedua filantropi Islam tersebut, yaitu sebagai lembaga non-profit yang berorientasi pada perubahan sosial.Kata Kunci: Filantropi Islam, pemberdayaan, manajemen organisasi.
Comparative Study of Religious Liberty in America and Indonesia
Authors: Mude Muhammad Saleh , E. Lovett Dorothy 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. This article attempts to briefly look at the similarities and differences in the initial conditions for the formation of the two countries: the United States of America and Indonesia, especially in the dynamics of the relations between statesmen and religious leaders, including political relations with religious issues at the beginning of independence until the present. In fact, since 1776, the United States government has chosen a secular-democratic form of state that guarantees freedom of various kinds, and may not protect a particular religion. On the other hand, in Indonesia, although since 1945, the government of the Republic of Indonesia has guaranteed freedom of religion for everyone, in reality, discrimination and persecution of the majority against minorities still often occurs in the name of defending a particular religion.Keywords: The United States of America, Indonesia, issues of religious liberty. Abstrak. Artikel ini mencoba menjelaskan secara singkat kondisi awal tentang persamaan dan perbedaan negara Amerika Serikat dengan Indonesia. Persamaan dan perbedaan yang dimaksud relevansinya pembentukan kedua tersebut, khususnya dalam dinamika hubungan antar negarawan dan tokoh agama, termasuk hubungan politik dengan masalah agama pada awal kemerdekaan hingga saat ini. Padahal, sejak 1776, pemerintah Amerika Serikat telah memilih bentuk negara demokrasi sekuler yang menjamin kebebasan dalam berbagai jenis, dan tidak boleh melindungi agama tertentu. Di sisi lain, di Indonesia, meskipun sejak tahun 1945 Pemerintah Republik Indonesia telah menjamin kebebasan beragama bagi setiap orang, pada kenyataannya diskriminasi dan persekusi terhadap kelompok mayoritas terhadap minoritas masih sering terjadi atas nama membela agama tertentu.Kata Kunci: Amerika Serikat, Indonesia, Isu Kebebasan Beragama.
From reswitching to zero substitution: A surprising turn in the debate on capital theory
Authors: Schefold Bertram 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The focus of debate on capital theory still is on the macroeconomic aggregate production function, almost seventy years after Joan Robinson attacked this concept. It has turned out that reswitching is rare in large systems. Reswitching and reverse capital deepening once were the most effective arguments against the production function. Later it was shown that an approximate surrogate production function could be constructed, using the approach of random matrices. This seemed to weaken the critique, but a new one has emerged, which shows that the number of effective techniques on the wage curve is small and that the possibilities of substitution between capital and labour are quite restricted in the relevant range or profit. This paper reconstructs the path by which the new results were arrived at and presents a new variant of the proof of zero substitution.
Metacognitive Ability of Junior High School Special Intelligent Students in Solving Mathematical Problems
Authors: Puadah Peni Fauziah , Nurlaelah Elah , Suhendra Suhendra 
Published: July 2022

Metakognisi adalah suatu tingkatan dalam proses berpikir yang dapat digunakan siswa untuk memecahkan masalah, memiliki kesadaran terhadap proses berpikirnya dan mengontrol cara berpikirnya. Pada pembelajaran matematika di sekolah kita sering menemukan banyak siswa yang mengalami kesulitan dalam memecahkan masalah disebabkan kurangnya kesadaran dan control dalam diri mereka. Kesulitan ini pun terjadi pada siswa kategori cerdas istimewa yang memiliki IQ di atas 130. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti ingin melihat bagaimana kemampuan yang dimiliki oleh siswa cerdas istimewa dalam memecahkan masalah matematika. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di sebuah SMP di kota Bandung dengan sample sebanyak 13 orang siswa cerdas istimewa. Untuk mengukur kemampuan metakognisi, siswa diberikan soal pemecahan masalah beserta angket metakognisi. Dari hasil penilaian pemecahan masalah, siswa cerdas istimewa memperoleh nilai rata – rata sebesar 59. Secara rinci, kemampuan metakognisi siswa cerdas istimewa berdasarkan angket yang mereka isi berada pada kriteria cukup baik untuk tahap planning, monitoring dan evaluating yaitu berada di kisaran 41% - 60%, dengan presentase berturut – turut 58,46%, 52,56% 53, 64%. turut 58,46%, 52, 56% 53, 64%. Metacognition is a level in the thinking process that students can use to solve problems, have awareness of their thinking processes, and control the way they think. In learning mathematics in schools, we often find many students who have difficulty solving problems due to a lack of awareness and control within themselves. This difficulty also occurs in the special intelligent category students who have an IQ above 130. In this study, the researcher wanted to see how the abilities possessed by special intelligent students in solving mathematical problems. This research is a descriptive qualitative method. This research was conducted in a junior high school in Bandung with a sample of 13 special intelligent students. To measure metacognitive ability, students are given problem-solving questions along with a metacognition questionnaire. From the results of the problem-solving assessment, the special intelligent students got an average score of 59. In detail, the metacognitive abilities of the special intelligent students based on the questionnaires they filled were in the good criteria for the planning, monitoring, and evaluating stages, which were in the range of 41% - 60 %, with a successive percentage of 58.46%, 52.56% 53,4%.
Breast cancer as part of Cowden syndrome
Authors: Byakhova M.  M. , Semenova A.  B. , Galkin V.  N. , Homushku C.  V. , Zod»binova A.  E. , Makarova M.  V. , Baranova E.  E. , Sagaydak O.  V. , Chernevskiy D.  K. , Belenikin M.  S. , Krinitsina A.  A. , Vorontsova M.  V. , Bodunova N.  A. , Danishevich A.  M. , Khatkov I.  E. , Degterev D.  A. , Yanova T.  I. 
Published: July 2022

Cowden syndrome is a rare disease characterized by multiple hamartomas and increased breast, thyroid, kidney and uterine neoplasm risk. The lifetime breast cancer risk for patients with Cowden syndrome is 85 %, with an average age of diagnosis between 38 and 46 years. The diagnostic criteria for Cowden syndrome have been established by the International Cowden Consortium (ICC) and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), and are regularly revised, but the diagnosis of Cowden syndrome remains difficult due to the variety of phenotypic and clinical features of the disease. At the same time, the genetic variants associated with Cowden syndrome analysis is not a standard for patients with breast cancer.Objective: To demonstrate the non‑BRCA hereditary breast cancer detection using whole genome sequencing on the Cowden syndrome clinical case example.Materials and methods: The article describes a clinical case of a 37‑year‑old female patient with breast cancer, normal intelligence and phenotype, structural abnormalities of the thyroid gland (multinodular goiter). Whole genome sequencing was used to identify clinically significant genetic variants associated with hereditary tumor syndromes.Clinical case: The article presents a brief literature review on the clinical presentation of Cowden syndrome and indications for its molecular diagnosis. Also, the presented clinical case describes patient R., 37 years old female with breast cancer, who underwent treatment in the City Clinical Oncological Hospital № 1 of the Moscow City Health Department in 2021. The patient was fully examined and enrolled in the whole genome sequencing project under the Order № 69 of Moscow Healthcare Department dated February 1, 2021 «Oncogenetic research organization in Moscow». The results revealed a pathogenic variant in the PTEN gene, previously associated with Cowden syndrome.Conclusion: The use of whole genome sequencing allows to identify hereditary tumor syndromes, the clinical manifestation of which may be breast cancer.
Current approach in the treatment for resectable esophageal squamous‑cell carcinoma
Authors: Akhmedov P.  I. , Kononets P.  V. , Abou-Haidar O.  B. , Sogov I.  Z. , Gladilina I.  A. , Malilkhova O.  A. , Tryakin A.  A. 
Published: July 2022

Esophageal cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by high malignancy potential and poor prognosis. Surgical treatment is the standard for localized esophageal cancer, but the results of only surgery for locally advanced tumors remain unsatisfactory. The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, as well as neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy, leads to a downstaging of the tumor, improves its resectability and increases an overall and disease‑free survival rates. The method of choice for unresectable esophageal cancer, as in case of refusal or intolerance to surgical treatment, is definitive chemoradiotherapy. Until recently, adjuvant therapy after R0 resection was not carried out, however, there is evidence that the postoperative use of nivolumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, significantly improves progression‑free survival in patients with evidence of residual tumor.This article presents a current review of the treatment for resectable squamous‑cell carcinoma of the esophagus.
Volume, Conductivity and Scatter parameters of Neutrophils in Neonatal Sepsis – Is it a Cost-Effective Tool?
Authors: Ganesan Nidhya , Mohan Anupama , Srinivasan Ramesh , Rao T.M. Subba 
Published: July 2022

Background: Early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis is quite challenging. I/T ratio (immature to mature neutrophil ratio) is a highly sensitive marker of sepsis but is time-consuming and subjective. Off late, volume conductivity and scatter (VCS) of neutrophils are among the newer parameters available for screening a septic neonate. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the I/T ratio and VCS parameters in neonatal sepsis and estimate a cut-off value of VCS parameters to diagnose neonatal sepsis using receiver operating curve analysis.
Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted by the Department of Pathology and Neonatology from April 2019 to March 2020 in a tertiary care center. A total of 110 newborns were included in this study and were divided into two groups (probable sepsis and sepsis). Data were collected from the hospital database, and analysis was done using SPSS software. Correlation between the I/T ratio and VCS parameters was done using Spearman’s correlation. Results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). A P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Correlation between the I /T ratio and VCS parameters showed negative correlation values of -0.22, -0.23, and +0.39 (P-values of 0.0198, 0.0153, and <0.0001) for mean neutrophil conductivity (MNC), mean neutrophil scatter (MNS) and mean neutrophil volume (MNV) respectively. MNV with a cut-off of > 156.4 had sensitivity and a negative predictive value of 100 % in the diagnosis of sepsis and was found to be higher in the sepsis group when compared to the probable sepsis group.
Conclusion: Based on the significant difference in VCS parameters of neutrophils in the sepsis group, this aids as an additional marker for the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.