bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Spur Gear Dynamics with Gear MeshImpacts Induced by Tooth Wear
Authors: Sun Xiuquan , Zhang Ruiliang , Wang Zuolu , Wang Tie , Gu Fengshou , Ball Andrew D. , Liang Bo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Tooth wear is one of the most common faults in gear transmission systems. However, due to its limited influences on gear dynamics, the condition monitoring of gear wear experiences more challenges. To investigate the relationship between tooth wear and gear dynamics, this study develops an eight-degree of freedom dynamic model which takes into account the gear mesh impact induced by tooth wear. In this model, the gear mesh impact force induced by tooth wear was calculated as an extra input excitation for the gear dynamic model. Besides, a comparative study was carried out to explore the real reason that causes the poor dynamic behaviour due to the wear from two points of view: 1) the reduction in gear mesh stiffness; 2) the increase in gear mesh impact force. The simulation results show that the wear causes a slight reduction in gear mesh stiffness, thus leading to the decrease in the amplitude of gear mesh frequency. This is not consistent with the phenomena observed in the lab experiment which shows the increase in the gear vibrations. The second simulation of impact force demonstrates that the wear causes an increase in the impact force which further leads to the increase in the amplitude of gear mesh frequency. This study investigates the cause for the deterioration in gear dynamics induced by gear wear, which can benefit the early condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of the gear tooth wear.
Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of a Coupled Multi-crack Rotor System
Authors: Xiong Libo , Hua Chunrong , Yang Funing , Dong Dawei , Ouyang Huajiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper establishes a coupled model for multi-crack rotor using Timoshenko beam element with six degrees of freedom, and derives the stiffness matrix in the equations of motion accounting for the coupling between multiple cracks (the interaction between cracks). Then the effects of crack orientation angles (the relative angle between cracks, γ) on dynamic characteristics of the coupled multi- crack rotor near 1/3 and 1/2 subcritical speeds are analysed. The coupling between cracks induces more complex nonlinear dynamic characteristics such as large magnitudes of the super-harmonic components, which can be used as the indicators of early crack and for multi-crack identification. This work has a promotive significance for the application of the model-based method in the field of multi-crack detection of actual rotors.
Debonding detection of scarf-repaired composite laminates with laser ultrasonic Lamb waves
Authors: Xu Yao , Tao Chongcong , Qiu Jinhao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this article, the Lamb wave at low frequency range is chosen to detect the debonding of scarf surface at different depths. The structure of interest is made up of two carbon fiber reinforced laminates with a scarf angle of 5° bonded together by an adhesive film. A 3D finite element model is established to calculate the propagation of Lamb waves with an artificial defect. Based on the wave front of out-of-plane displacement at different timepoint, the debonding area is located when propagating waves convert mode or reduce phase velocity. For validation, experiments are also conducted with wave-visualization technique. Lamb waves are excited by laser ultrasonic system and received by an acoustic emission sensor. The results agree with the simulation ones, which verify that the laser ultrasonic Lamb waves are effective for debond detection on the inclined plane of scarf-repaired composite laminates.
Peridynamic Simulation of Cracking Behavior in Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Wang H , Cai ZW , Wang WZ , Liu YZ 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Cracking-induced fracture in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) is one of the most severe failure mechanisms among TBCs failure cases. Current numerical simulation of cracking behavior in TBCs are mostly developed by FEM-based methods, which have their own disadvantages. The concept of peridynamic (PD) is proposed and developed these years to deal with discontinuous problems, providing new ideas to simulate crack initiation and propagation in TBCs. In this paper, a PD-based numerical model of TBCs is built to discuss cracking behavior in the top coat (TC) layer. Simulation results validate the effectiveness and accuracy of PD in TBCs cracking analysis, compared with SEM observations. And effects of pre-existed cracks in TC, which could obviously interfere original crack propagation path, are also proved and discussed. It could be concluded that PD would be a powerful tool in TBCs crack propagation predictions if provided with more supportive experiment data.
Research on Intelligent Vehicle Path Tracking BasedonMPCand Fuzzy Control
Authors: Zhenxin Shi , Yanxue Wang , Jianbo Feng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In order to improve the path tracking accuracy of the intelligent vehicle at high speed and establish a practical track tracking controller, this paper based on MPC algorithm, establish a vehicle monorail model, by controlling the front wheel Angle, to achieve the intelligent vehicle to the fifth-order polynomial obstacle avoidance path tracking.With the yaw angular velocity and the error of sidesaw Angle of the center of mass as the double input, the yaw moment is output by the fuzzy controller and applied to the wheel to reduce the deviation of the trajectory under high speed condition.The CarSim/Simulink co-simulation model was built to verify the results, and the results show that the proposed control method can reduce the deviation of path tracking under high speed conditions, and the tracking effect is good.
A tacholess order tracking method based on extended intrinsic chirp component decomposition for gears under large speed variation conditions
Authors: Zhao Hongyang , Jiang Yuan , Niu Gang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Order tracking has been considered as the most effective non-stationary signal analysis technique for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis. Conventional order tracking is performed with a reference signal measured by the auxiliary device, which is expensive and inconvenient to install. In order to to break the constraint of the traditional order tracking technique, some tacholess order tracking methods have been developed in the past few years. However, current tacholess order tracking approaches are only applicable to slightly varying speed applications. To overcome the shortcoming above, a novel tacholess order tracking method is proposed in this paper. In the proposed method, each mode of the vibration signal is reconstructed by a method called extended intrinsic chirp component decomposition, and the Hilbert transform is used to estimate the instantaneous phase of reference shaft. Then the vibration signal is resampled to the angle domain, and the fault characteristic orders can be identified in the order spectrum accurately. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been validated by a simulated meshing gear vibration signal. The result illustrates that the proposed method can realize gears fault diagnosis under large speed variation conditions.
Measurement of natural frequency of track based on Bayesian estimation
Authors: Yue Guodong , Dong Jing , Ren Bo , Zhang Xiaochen , Cai Xiaoyong , Li Zhiguang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Track modal parameters obtained by the vibration test contain uncertain factors due to the influence of the test environment, the test equipment, the operator, and the simplification of the modal analysis process. In order to estimate the statistical characteristics of the physical parameters of the track, the conjugate prior distribution is selected in the Bayesian estimation method, and the posterior distribution is derived from the experimental data, and the estimated value of the mean and variance of the natural frequency of the track are obtained. The reliability of the method is verified by simulation and experiment. The results show that when only a few samples can be obtained, the full use of prior information and test data can estimate the frequency parameters and reduce the length of the confidence intervals of the mean and the variance. The proposed method has practical reference value in engineering.
Research on Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing Based on SEMSCNN and GRU Model
Authors: Youfu Tang , Teng Wang , Tao Wang , Na Lei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a deep neural network model fault diagnosis method based on the fusion of SENet-MSCNN and GRU is proposed to address the problem of low diagnosis rate caused by the fact that the normal samples are much larger than the fault samples in the collected rolling bearing vibration big data. The method takes the time-domain vibration signal as input and fuses the spatial features extracted by SE-MSCNN and the temporal features extracted by GRU to bring into the fully connected layer for identification, to realize the intelligent diagnosis of rolling bearing adaptive feature extraction. Finally, the method is applied to the simulated signal and experimental data for testing and analysis respectively. The results show that the model can reach 100% fault recognition rate under variable speed conditions, and at the same time has strong noise immunity, adaptivity and robustness. Thus, providing an effective new way for intelligent diagnosis of rolling bearing vibration big data.
Natural characteristics for transverse vibration of Euler Bernoulli beams with variable end constraints
Authors: Song Shizhe , Dong Dawei , Yan Bing , Xu Fanghui , Huang Yan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The transverse vibration of Euler Bernoulli beam with mass of ends and springs is studied. The exact frequency equation is derived and natural frequencies and the corresponding mode shapes are calculated. With the linearly increasing mass of ends, natural frequencies and the rate of frequency change of the beam system initially decrease sharply and then level out, which demonstrates that the beam system is transforming from the free beam to the pinned beam. When the springs are added at two tips, the natural characteristics of the beam are affected by mass of ends and spring stiffness. If the added mass has much lower magnitude than that of the beam, the stiffness of springs exerts major impact on the increase of natural frequencies. While the added mass of ends is increased to the same magnitude of the beam, the natural characteristics of the beam are determined by both the mass of ends and spring stiffness. As the growing magnitude of added mass, mass of ends performs a dominant role in decreasing the natural frequencies. Therefore, spring stiffness and mass of ends should be first considered to establish different dynamic models accurately.
Study on Prognostics and Health Management of Fluid Loop System for Space Application
Authors: Cao Zhi , Zhang Junhua , Li Zhenxiang , Zhao Xin , Guo Dong , Fu Hongyong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) is an important technical means to realize condition-based maintenance of complex systems. As a complex space application engineering, the space application fluid loop system has the requirements of high safety, high reliability and long life. Therefore, this paper adopts PHM technology to comprehensively study the space application fluid loop system from two aspects of architecture and key technology respectively. Firstly, this paper introduces the current status of health management of fluid loop system for space application and the problems to be solved urgently. Secondly, the PHM system architecture and key technologies such as condition monitoring, health assessment, fault diagnosis, fault prediction and health management are described, and the PHM system research scheme of fluid loop for space application is established. Finally, a case study is carried out by taking the fluid loop main engine of the core power equipment as an example. The analysis results show that the PHM technology can effectively reduce the system failure rate, improve the system safety and reliability, and provide a strong guarantee for the long-term on-orbit operation of the system.
Aerodynamic modelling of a novel vertical axis wind turbine concept
Authors: Morgan Laurence , Leithead William 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper introduces the X-Rotor, a hybrid vertical-horizontal axis turbine concept designed to lower the cost of energy in the floating offshore environment. The development of a double multiple streamtube (DMS) simulation tool is presented alongside a thorough discussion of the secondary correction factors included in the model. New corrections for streamline curvature effects applicable to an airfoil where the blade normal plane is not aligned with the rotor plane are derived.
The DMS model is successfully validated against experimental data and against higher fidelity lifting line (LLT) simulations. Strong agreement is observed between the LLT simulations and the DMS simulations for both rotor averaged and azimuthally varying outputs, indicating that the DMS simulations can be used for future control simulations.
Development of a multi rotor floating offshore system based on vertical axis wind turbines
Authors: Jamieson P , Simao Ferreira C , Dalhoff P , Störtenbecker S , Collu M , Salo E , McMillan D , McMorland J , Morgan L , Buck A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The upscaling of wind turbines results in fewer units per installed MW reducing infrastructure and maintenance costs of offshore wind farms. Multi rotor systems (MRS), comprising many wind turbine rotors on a single support structure, are potentially a means to maximize the upscaling benefit in achieving larger unit capacities than is feasible or economic with the conventional, 3-bladed horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT). The MRS has an inherent upscaling advantage which, for a system with many rotors compared to a single rotor, reduces the total weight and cost of rotor-nacelle assemblies by a large factor. An innovative MRS design is presented based on vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) rotors of the 2-bladed, H-type. Many disadvantages of VAWT design compared to HAWT in a single rotor system (reduced power performance and higher drive train torque, for example) are resolved in the MRS configuration. In addition, reduced component number and simpler components is advantageous for reliability and O&M cost. This MRS concept has many synergies arising from the choice of VAWT rotors. Results comprise a high-level evaluation of system characteristics and the first stage of more detailed investigation of aerodynamics of the high aspect ratio VAWT.
Development of MOST, a fast simulation model for optimisation of floating offshore wind turbines in Simscape Multibody
Authors: Sirigu M. , Faraggiana E. , Ghigo A. , Bracco G. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
the paper presents the development of an innovative non-linear, time domain numerical model for the simulation of offshore floating wind turbines, named MOST. The model is able to evaluate the movement of the platform in six degrees of freedom, the power production and the load cycles acting on the blades. MOST is implemented in Matlab-Simulink environment using Simscape Multibody. The aerodynamics is modelled with the blade element momentum theory and the hydrodynamics is modelled using WEC-Sim, a Simscape library developed by NREL and SANDIA. The use of Simscape offers great flexibility to quickly introduce complex dynamic systems such as hybrid wave-wind platforms, flexible platforms, or sea water active ballast systems. Additionally, Matlab provides useful toolboxes and extensive libraries for advanced control systems, linearisation analysis, parallelisation and generation of C code. The results of MOST are then compared to FAST, an open-source code widely used in the academic research. The case study is a 15 MW reference wind turbine installed on the Volturn US platform. The comparison shows a good agreement between the two codes with a significant reduction of the simulation time.
Investigation of manufacturing-related deviations of the bearing clearance on the performance of a conical plain bearing for the application as main bearing in a wind turbine
Authors: Rolink Amadeus , Jacobs Georg , Müller Matthias , Jakobs Timm , Bosse Dennis 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The use of a segmented conical plain bearing for the application as main bearing in a wind turbine offers multiple advantages. The main bearing can be designed very compact. In addition, in case of a main bearing damage, individual bearing segments can be exchanged on the tower without the use of an external crane, in contrast to the repair procedure of rolling bearings. It is well known from conventional applications of plain bearings that the bearing clearance has a major influence on the load carrying capacity. Therefor the realization of narrow tolerances in the manufacturing of the bearing components is necessary. In this paper, the influence of the manufacturing tolerances on the performance of conical plain bearings is investigated. The influence of the tolerances on the load carrying capacity can be determined by conducting elastohydrodynamic (EHD) simulations. Finally, an evaluation of the robustness of the conical bearing concept against manufacturing-related deviations is carried out.
Validating the next generation of turbine interaction models
Authors: Levick T , Neubert A , Friggo D , Downes P , Ruisi R , Bleeg J 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
It is important to validate turbine interaction models to understand the uncertainties and biases inherent when we model wind farm power output for future wind farms. We present here a repeatable and model-agnostic methodology developed for validating wind farm production models. Power data from the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition systems of wake-free turbines are used with turbine power curves to generate inlet wind speeds representative of average conditions on the front row of a wind farm. These wind speeds are used, with other model inputs, to run models and predict a modelled power time series for each turbine. The modelled and measured power time series are compared to derive mean bias error metrics. The methodology is applied at 6 offshore wind farms to test established and novel turbine interaction models. We compare the distributions errors predicting power at turbines across models and wind farms. We find that the new models, CFD. ML and the Stratified Eddy Viscosity model, perform well with respect to the established WindFarmer Eddy Viscosity model, and see increased errors for the largest wind farms. We discuss methodological uncertainties in the input wind speed derivation that may cause biases in the overall distributions at windspeeds near the turbine low wind speed cut-in and rated power, and make suggestions for future methodological refinements.
Assessment of Vortex Induced Vibrations on wind turbines
Authors: Manolas Dimitris I. , Chaviaropoulos Panagiotis K. , Riziotis Vasilis A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Modern wind turbines are prone to Vortex Induced Vibrations (VIV). In the present work, an engineering semi-empirical framework is proposed that assesses VIV aero-elastic instabilities of wind turbine configurations. The procedure employs engineering tools relying on airfoil polars. It uses the state-of-the-art aero-elastic tool hGAST along with the EUROCODE VIV framework for steel structures extended to wind turbine configurations. The aero-elastic tool provides the missing modal input data (i.e. modal frequencies, total structural plus aerodynamic modal damping and modeshapes) to evaluate the semi-analytical expressions of the displacement and load amplitudes. Numerical results for single- and two-bladed configurations of the NREL 5MW Reference Wind Turbine (RWT) during assembly are presented, assessing turbine loads under the most unfavourable VIV scenarios examined.
Lifetime extension and opex reduction by adapting the operational strategy of wind farms
Authors: Loepelmann P. , Fischer B. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The increasing complexity of the requirements for the operation of wind turbines challanges conventional operating strategies. If revenues are generated from the power exchange, it makes sense to react to price fluctuations during operation. How should such responses be designed? What are the implications for the profitability of wind farm projects from an owner’s perspective? By carrying out a case study, this paper assesses connecting and disconnecting wind turbines depending on electricity prices using economic criteria. The results of the case study show that it is sensible to shut down turbines in economically unfavorable situations. Lost low revenues are recovered by future revenues over a significantly extended lifetime of the turbines, and the profitability of the project increases considerably.
Fast DAQ system with image rejection for axion dark matter searches
Authors: Ahn S. , Lee M.J. , Yi A.K. , Yeo B. , Ko B.R. , Semertzidis Y.K. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A fast data acquisition (DAQ) system for axion dark matter
searches utilizing a microwave resonant cavity, also known as axion
haloscope searches, has been developed with a two-channel digitizer
that can sample 16-bit amplitudes at rates up to 180
MSamples/s. First, we realized a practical DAQ efficiency of greater
than 99% for a single DAQ channel, where the DAQ process includes
the online fast Fourier transforms (FFTs). Using an IQ mixer and two
parallel DAQ channels, we then also implemented a software-based
image rejection without losing the DAQ efficiency. This work extends
our continuing effort to improve the figure of merit in axion
haloscope searches, the scanning rate.
Microwave metasurface hologram for holographic imaging and its data encryption applications
Authors: Li Zhenfei , Rukhlenko Ivan D , Zhu Weiren 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Benefiting from the prominent performance in high-density information storage and fast accessing of two-dimensional data, holography has attracted tremendous attentions. The wavefront recording of traditional holographic devices such as diffraction optical elements suffers from the design complexity and poor resolution as it relies on phase accumulation in the propagating mode, which is achieved by gradually varying the refractive index or thickness of the medium. Ultrathin metasurfaces made of engineered meta-atoms can overcome these limitations owing to their outstanding design flexibility and subwavelength thicknesses. In contrast to the traditional bulky holographic components, the performance of metasurfaces is determined by the electromagnetic response of the meta-atoms with spatially varying in-plane geometric parameters or rotation angles, which enables them to flexibly control the phase, amplitude, wavelength, and polarization of electromagnetic wave. Because of the design flexibility and the capacity of arbitrary wavefront manipulation, metasurfaces are emerging as a promising candidate for holographic memory systems. Here, we review the fast-growing field of metasurface holograms from design principles to recent advances in microwave regime. At the end of the review, we discuss potential applications of the metasurface holography and present a future research outlook.