bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The maximal secondary throughput in cognitive radio networks with energy harvesting
Authors: Ge Haijiang , Zheng Kechen , Chi Kaikai , Liu Xiaoying 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn terms of spectrum reuse and lifetime prolongation, the energy‐harvesting cognitive radio networks (EH‐CRNs) have been a hot issue in the wireless networking research community. While satisfying the minimal throughput demand of primary users (PUs), it is aimed to maximize the throughput of secondary users (SUs) in the EH‐CRN with multiple SUs. Specifically, the problem of secondary throughput maximization (STM) is first formulated as a non‐linear optimization problem, then its convexity is proven, and finally an efficient algorithm is proposed that jointly uses the Fibonacci search method and equal interval search method to obtain the optimal time allocation among primary transmitter (PT)'s energy transfer and each SU's packet transmission, and the optimal transmit power of PT. Furthermore, for the scenarios where the circuit power is negligible, the convex problem is first proven, and a more efficient algorithm is presented for the problem of STM. Simulation results demonstrate that, with the increase of the minimal throughput demand of PUs, the reduction rate of the maximal secondary throughput increases.
Potential effects of stellar winds on gas dynamics in debris disks leading to observable belt winds
Authors: Kral Q. , Pringle J. E. , Matrà L. , Thébault P. 
Published: November 2022

Context. Gas has been successfully detected in many extrasolar systems around mature stars aged between 10 Myr and ∼1 Gyr that include planetesimal belts. Gas in these mature disks is thought to be released from planetesimals and has been modeled using a viscous disk approach where the gas expands inwards and outwards from the belt where it is produced. Therefore, the gas has so far been assumed to make up the circumstellar disk orbiting the star; however, at low densities, this may not be an adequate assumption, as the gas could be blown out by the stellar wind instead.
Aims. In this paper, we aim to explore the timeframe in which a gas disk transitions to such a gas wind and whether this information can be used to determine the stellar wind properties around main sequence stars, which are otherwise difficult to obtain.
Methods. We developed an analytical model for A to M stars that can follow the evolution of gas outflows and target the moment of transition between a disk or a wind in order to make a comparison with current observations. The crucial criterion here is the gas density for which gas particles are no longer protected from the impact of stellar wind protons at high velocities and on radial trajectories.
Results. We find that: (1) belts with a radial width, ΔR, with gas densities <7 (ΔR/50 au)−1 cm−3, would create a wind rather than a disk, which would explain the recent outflowing gas detection in NO Lup; (2) the properties of this belt wind can be used to measure stellar wind properties such as their densities and velocities; (3) very early-type stars can also form gas winds due to the star’s radiation pressure, instead of a stellar wind; (4) debris disks with low fractional luminosities, f, are more likely to create gas winds, which could be observed with current facilities.
Conclusions. Systems containing low gas masses, such as Fomalhaut or TWA 7, or more generally, debris disks with fractional luminosities of f ≲ 10−5(L⋆/L⊙)−0.37 or stellar luminosity ≳20 L⊙ (A0V or earlier) are more likely to create gas outflows (or belt winds) than gas disks. Gas that is observed to be outflowing at high velocity in the young system NO Lup could be an example of such belt winds. Future observing predictions in this wind region should account for the stellar wind in the attempt to detect the gas. The detection of these gas winds is possible with ALMA (CO and CO+ could serve as good wind tracers). This would allow us to constrain the stellar wind properties of main-sequence stars, as these properties are otherwise difficult to measure, since, for example, there are no successful measures around A stars at present.
Grundlagen der Vitrektomie unter Verwendung intraokularer Tamponaden – ein chirurgischer Basiskurs
Authors: Framme Carsten , Sachs Helmut G. , Wachtlin Joachim , Bechrakis Nikolaos E. , Hoerauf Hans , Gabel Veit-Peter 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Artikel sollen die Grundlagen zur Verwendung intraokularer Tamponaden in der Glaskörper-/Netzhautchirurgie bei Ablatio retinae und anderen Pathologien anhand zusätzlichen
Videomaterials anschaulich dargestellt werden. Behandelt werden die verschiedenen Gase, Silikonöle und flüssigen Perfluorocarbone mit ihren Indikationen, ihrer Anwendung und insbesondere der
intraoperativen Handhabung mit Fallstricken und Komplikationen. Charakteristische Animationen zeigen dabei nachvollziehbar die Prinzipien in der chirurgischen Handhabung. Seitens der beiden
Erstautoren ist dieser Artikel ihrem Lehrer Herrn Prof. Dr. V.-P. Gabel gewidmet, der in den frühen 90er-Jahren die ersten Vitrektomiekurse für Augenärzte an der Universitäts-Augenklinik
Regensburg erfolgreich im jährlichen Rhythmus etabliert hat und in denen viele heute noch netzhautchirurgisch tätige Kolleginnen und Kollegen ihre ersten Schritte in diesem Segment erlernt
haben. Die weiteren Co-Autoren partizipierten unter seiner Leitung an jährlichen Vitrektomie-Wetlabs im Rahmen der Augenärztlichen Akademie Deutschlands.
Cation effect on the electrochemical reduction of polyoxometalates in room temperature ionic liquids
Authors: Phillips Juliette I. , Azuma Shinya , Lee Junqiao , Ueda Tadaharu , Silvester Debbie S. 
Published: November 2022

Polyoxometalates (POMs) are compounds that undergo multiple successive one-electron redox transitions, making them convenient model reactants to study ion solvation effects. Room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) are solvents made entirely of ions, and are expected to have interactions with the highly negatively charged POM reduction products. In this work, 12 RTILs with a range of different anions ([FSI]−=bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, [TFSI]−=bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [BETI]−=bis(pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)imide, [BF4]−, [PF6]−) and cations (imidazolium, pyrrolidinium, sulfonium, ammonium, phosphonium) were employed as solvents to study the kinetics and thermodynamics of [S2W18O62]4− reduction, to shed light on solvation effects and ion-pairing effects caused by different RTIL structures. Up to six reversible reduction processes (producing highly negatively charged [S2W18O62]10−) were observed. For the RTILs that showed multiple processes, a clear trend in both the thermodynamics (inferred from the reduction peak potentials) and kinetics (inferred from the peak-to-peak separation) was observed, in the order: imidazolium < sulfonium ≈ ammonium < pyrrolidinium < phosphonium, supporting strong interactions of the negatively charged POM reduction products with the cation. Two related POMs, [P2W18O62]6− and [PW12O40]3−, were also studied in the optimum RTIL found for [S2W18O62]4− ([C2mim][FSI]=1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide), revealing fast kinetics and asymmetric peaks for [PW12O40]3−. This work demonstrates the importance of understanding the solvation effects of RTIL ions for highly charged electrogenerated products, allowing tuning of the RTIL structure to achieve the optimum kinetics and thermodynamics for an electrochemical process.
Glacial origin of bat ensembles in tropical Western Australia
Authors: McKenzie N. L. , Wyrwoll K.-H. , Bullen R. D. 
Published: November 2022

Western Australia’s tropical bat fauna comprises two communities; both are strict ensembles. One involves up to 19 species and occupies mangrove forest; the other, its landward counterpart, involves up to 22 species. Each includes habitat-generalist, productivity-dependent and cave-dependent species, so they achieve their full diversity in mangrove or riparian ecosystems associated with cavernous landscapes. Periods of significantly reduced rainfall are recognised in the climate record of the last ∼20 000 years, during which mangrove and upland riparian forests were the only highly productive ecosystems remaining in tropical Western Australia. During glacial cycles, these two refugia for mesic-adapted bats become geographically separated by the exposed continental shelf, a flat coastal plain more than 100 km wide. We review mangrove forests as evolutionary refuges during the Pleistocene, and use information on geographic range, endemism and habitat specificity to investigate the role of climatic and sea-level fluctuations in generating bat community structure. We conclude that mangrove forests provided a glacial refuge for all ensemble components; that the separation drove the evolution of two different ensembles. Northern Territory populations of Western Australia’s landward and mangrove specialists occupy landward as well as mangrove ecosystems, implying that mangrove refugia were not accessible during glacials.
Classifying relationships that define interactions between native and invasive species in Australian ecosystems
Authors: Gaschk Joshua L. , Clemente Christofer J. 
Published: November 2022

Australia was isolated for approximately 40 million years from the presence of eutherian predation until the introduction of the dingo (Canis familiaris; 4000 years ago), foxes (Vulpes vulpes; 1871) and feral cats (Felis catus; post-1788). The arrival of these invasive species coincides with the decline and extinction of many native mammals, specifically within the critical weight range (35–5500 g). These extinctions are likely a result of competition and predation, where locomotor performance and the associated behaviours contribute largely to overall fitness. We used the population responses of native fauna in the presence of introduced predators to establish a research framework. Introduction/extinction timelines, predator diets, and prey occurrence were used to identify invasive/native relationships where predation may define the population outcome. We then examined the locomotor performance of these species using current data (maximum speeds). Consumption of prey items does not seem to be associated with the probability of the predator encountering the prey. Dingoes had the most variable mammalian prey of all invasive predators, likely due to higher maximal speeds. Feral cats favour Dasyuridae and smaller species, preying upon these prey groups more than dingoes and foxes. The role of locomotor performance in invasive ecology is not well understood; we identified relationships for further exploration.
A blood–brain penetrant RNA-targeted small molecule triggers elimination of r(G
4
C
2
)
exp
in c9ALS/FTD via the nuclear RNA exosome
Authors: Bush Jessica A. , Meyer Samantha M. , Fuerst Rita , Tong Yuquan , Li Yue , Benhamou Raphael I. , Aikawa Haruo , Zanon Patrick R. A. , Gibaut Quentin M. R. , Angelbello Alicia J. , Gendron Tania F. , Zhang Yong-Jie , Petrucelli Leonard , Heick Jensen Torben , Childs-Disney Jessica L. , Disney Matthew D. 
Published: November 2022

A hexanucleotide repeat expansion in intron 1 of the
C9orf72
gene is the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia, or c9ALS/FTD. The RNA transcribed from the expansion, r(G
4
C
2
)
exp
, causes various pathologies, including intron retention, aberrant translation that produces toxic dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs), and sequestration of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in RNA foci. Here, we describe a small molecule that potently and selectively interacts with r(G
4
C
2
)
exp
and mitigates disease pathologies in spinal neurons differentiated from c9ALS patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and in two c9ALS/FTD mouse models. These studies reveal a mode of action whereby a small molecule diminishes intron retention caused by the r(G
4
C
2
)
exp
and allows the liberated intron to be eliminated by the nuclear RNA exosome, a multi-subunit degradation complex. Our findings highlight the complexity of mechanisms available to RNA-binding small molecules to alleviate disease pathologies and establishes a pipeline for the design of brain penetrant small molecules targeting RNA with novel modes of action in vivo.
Identification and functional validation of super-enhancers in
Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Zhao Hainan , Yang Mingyu , Bishop Jade , Teng Yuhan , Cao Yingxue , Beall Brandon D. , Li Shuanglin , Liu Tongxin , Fang Qingxi , Fang Chao , Xin Haoyang , Nützmann Hans-Wilhelm , Osbourn Anne , Meng Fanli , Jiang Jiming 
Published: November 2022

Super-enhancers (SEs) are exceptionally large enhancers and are recognized to play prominent roles in cell identity in mammalian species. We surveyed the genomic regions containing large clusters of accessible chromatin regions (ACRs) marked by deoxyribonuclease (DNase) I hypersensitivity in
Arabidopsis thaliana
. We identified a set of 749 putative SEs, which have a minimum length of 1.5 kilobases and represent the top 2.5% of the largest ACR clusters. We demonstrate that the genomic regions associating with these SEs were more sensitive to DNase I than other nonpromoter ACRs. The SEs were preferentially associated with topologically associating domains. Furthermore, the SEs and their predicted cognate genes were frequently associated with organ development and tissue identity in
A. thaliana
. Therefore, the
A. thaliana
SEs and their cognate genes mirror the functional characteristics of those reported in mammalian species
.
We developed CRISPR/Cas-mediated deletion lines of a 3,578-bp SE associated with the thalianol biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC). Small deletions (131–157 bp) within the SE resulted in distinct phenotypic changes and transcriptional repression of all five thalianol genes. In addition, T-DNA insertions in the SE region resulted in transcriptional alteration of all five thalianol genes. Thus, this SE appears to play a central role in coordinating the operon-like expression pattern of the thalianol BGC.
Visualising vapours
Authors: Stahl-Timmins Will 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The case study describes the process of designing an interactive visualisation tool to help people understand the likelihood of Covid-19 transmission in different situations. This visualisation was created as part of a 13 month long collaborative project between scientific experts from a UK government advisory group, and a multimedia team at The BMJ (British Medical Journal). The data underpinning the graphic was collected from 27 experts via a knowledge elicitation study. It includes discussion of lessons learned about collecting and visualising uncertain data, and the benefits of user testing.
Progressives in present and past
Authors: Vafaeian Ghazaleh 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the relationship between progressive patterns and present and past time reference. First,
it looks at the shared distribution of more than 90 progressives in two parallel corpora and discusses the characteristics of
these contexts. It is shown that while progressives are used for dramatic and topical events in the present, they are typically
used as backgrounding, supportive material in the past. Second, it is shown that progressives generally have more occurrences in
contexts with present time reference than past, this is especially true for progressives with many uses, i.e. more grammaticalized
progressives. And third, a number of progressives temporally restricted are presented. Two historical explanations for these
restrictions are provided, both of which result from the higher frequency of present uses over past.
A hitherto unnoticed type of verb-framed construction in Lithuanian and the typology of event conflation
Authors: Holvoet Axel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe article starts out from a Lithuanian construction denoting achievement of an excessive value of some parameter of an incremental event. It is verb-framed, that is, the main-clause verb denotes motion along a path towards a normative value of the parameter involved. Its implications for our understanding of the Talmyan typology of event conflation are discussed. Event conflation in the domains of spatial motion and change of state has received most attention in the literature; differences in saliency and elaboration, and the importance of constraints on the lexicalization of path (result) and manner, have been pointed out. The Lithuanian verb-framed constructions discussed here are, however, similar to those in the domain of ‘temporal contouring’ in that they involve an incremental path superimposed on the path-to-result lexicalized in the embedded predicate. This extension beyond the core domains of spatial motion and change of state represents another dimension of the Talmyan typology, largely overlooked until now.
Effect of Mn doping and charge transfer on LaTi1−x
Mn
x
O3
Authors: Cao Guixin , Weng Yakui , Yao Xinyu , Ward T Zac , Gai Zheng , Mandrus David , Dong Shuai 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We report the magnetic and electronic transport properties of Mn-doped LaTi1−x
Mn
x
O3 (x= 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) as a function of temperature and an applied magnetic field. It was found that the Mn-doped samples show a magnetic transition which is not present in the parent LaTiO3. The Mn-doped samples showed fluctuations in magnetization at low fields below their Néel transition temperature indicating electronic phase separation in the material. Increased Mn content in the sample strengthens the ferromagnetic-like moment while maintaining G-type antiferromagnetic phase by charge transfer from Mn to Ti and influencing orbital ordering of the Ti3+ t2g orbitals. The results are discussed in parallel with transport and bulk magnetization measurements detailing the electronic behavior. An additional context for the mechanism is supported by first-principles density-function theory calculations.
Autonomous image background removal for accurate and efficient close-range photogrammetry
Authors: Eastwood J , Leach R K , Piano S 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Close-range photogrammetry can be used to reconstruct dense point clouds of an object with very high surface coverage, making it useful for manufacturing metrology tasks such as part inspection and validation. However, compared to competing techniques, data processing times can be slow. In this paper we present a method to autonomously remove the background from the images within a photogrammetric dataset. We show that using masked images directly in the reconstruction results in much lower data processing times, with lower memory utilisation. Furthermore, we show that the point density on the object surface is increased while the number of superfluous background points is reduced. Finally, a set of reconstruction results are compared to a set of tactile coordinate measurements. Reconstructions with the background removed are shown to have a standard deviation in the point to mesh distance of up to 30 µm lower than if the background is not removed. This improvement in standard deviation is likely due to the static background, relative to the object on the rotation stage, causing triangulation errors when points are detected and matched on this background data. The proposed approach is shown to be robust over several example artefacts and can, therefore, be implemented to improve the measurement efficiency and measurement results of photogrammetry coordinate measurement systems.
High-frequency ultrasound-based thickness measurement of highly attenuating materials
Authors: Wang Jishuo , Lai Quanqing , Xu Caibin , Hu Ning , Deng Mingxi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates an effective method for measuring the thickness of highly attenuating materials using the acoustic radiation-induced quasi-static component (QSC) of a primary longitudinal wave (PLW) at high frequency. The generated QSC features lower attenuation than the high-frequency PLW, so the generated QSC pulse with zero carrier frequency can propagate a longer distance at the same group velocity, even in highly attenuating materials. In addition, the method based on the QSC of a high-frequency PLW has better directivity than the low-frequency PLW-based method, making it more suitable for highly attenuated material local thickness measurement. The thickness of highly attenuating materials can be accurately measured by measuring the pulse-echo time-of-flight of the generated QSC pulse using an ultrasound pulse-echo technique. The experimental examinations conducted for highly attenuating silicone rubber blocks with different thicknesses demonstrate that their thicknesses can be accurately measured with the QSC-based method. This paper provides an effective method for thickness measurements of highly attenuating materials.
Exploiting coherence for quantum thermodynamic advantage
Authors: Hammam Kenza , Leitch Heather , Hassouni Yassine , De Chiara Gabriele 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The introduction of the quantum analogue of a Carnot engine based on a bath comprising of particles with a small amount of coherence initiated an active line of research on the harnessing of different quantum resources for the enhancement of thermal machines beyond the standard reversible limit, with an emphasis on non-thermal baths containing quantum coherence. In our work, we investigate the impact of coherence on the thermodynamic tasks of a collision model which is composed of a system interacting, in the continuous time limit, with a series of coherent ancillas of two baths at different temperatures. Our results show the advantages of utilising coherence as a resource in the operation of the machine, and allows it: (a) to exhibit unconventional behaviour such as the appearance of a hybrid refrigerator, capable of simultaneous refrigeration and generation of work, and (b) to function as an engine or a refrigerator with efficiencies larger than the Carnot bound. Moreover, we find an effective upper bound to the efficiency of the thermal machine operating as an engine in the presence of a coherent reservoir.
A novel quantum recommender system
Authors: Gao Shang , Yang Yu-Guang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Recommendation system is a kind of information filtering system, which plays an increasingly important role in the era of big data. In this work, we present a novel quantum recommender system, which can also be regarded as a quantum version of the matrix reconstruction algorithm. In order to obtain two factors in the quantum state form, a quantum version of the alternating least squares algorithm is designed. And based on the factor matrices, the reconstruction matrix of the original rating matrix is calculated. The complexity analysis shows that our quantum algorithm may achieve an exponential speedup relative to the classical counterpart under certain conditions.
Pulsar and cosmic variances of pulsar timing-array correlation measurements of the stochastic gravitational wave background
Authors: Bernardo Reginald Christian , Ng Kin-Wang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPulsar timing-array correlation measurements offer an exciting opportunity to test the nature of gravity in the cosmologically novel nanohertz gravitational wave regime. The stochastic gravitational wave background is assumed Gaussian and random, while there are limited pulsar pairs in the sky. This brings theoretical uncertainties to the correlation measurements, namely the pulsar variance due to pulsar samplings and the cosmic variance due to Gaussian signals. We demonstrate a straightforward calculation of the mean and the variances on the Hellings-Downs correlation relying on a power spectrum formalism. We keep arbitrary pulsar distances and consider gravitational wave modes beyond Einstein gravity as well as off the light cone throughout, thereby presenting the most general and, most importantly, numerically efficient calculation of the variances.