bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility study of using various types of microorganisms for assessing microbial growth in drinking water distribution systems
Authors: Shahamat Yousef Dadban , Niknejad Farhad , Aali Rahim , Morovvati Aysan , Shahini Mahsa , Emadi Fatimah , Vakili Mohammad Ali , Charkazi Abdurrahman , Shahryari Ali 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Microorganism growth in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) is a global concern. This study was designed to investigate the microbial growth and the effect of physicochemical parameters on the growth of microorganisms in DWDS. A total of 98 water samples were collected from all places of DWDS of Gorgan from August 2020 to March 2021. All microbiological and physicochemical tests were carried with recommendations for analysis of water. The results showed that 15.3%, 12.2% and 2% of samples were positive for total coliforms, Clostridium perfringens and fecal coliforms, respectively. Nonetheless, E.coli and fecal streptococci were not detected in any of the samples. The mean of heterotrophic pale count (HPC) and fungi count were found to be 203.45 CFU/mL and 6.83 CFU/100 ml, respectively. Based on macroscopic and microscopic analysis, 7 genera of fungi were isolated, of which Candida (19.4%) and Aspergillus (11.2%) were the most prevalent, followed by Penicillium (5.1%), Rhodotorula (3.1%), Cladosporium (2%), Acremonium (2%) and Alternaria (1%). The mean and SD of physicochemical parameters involving free residual chlorine (FRC), pH, turbidity, temperature, Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Electrical Conductivity (EC), were 0.22 ± 0.27 mg/l, 7.28 ± 0.22, 0.61 ± 0.68 NTU, 19.27 ± 2.83°C, 0.45 ± 0.17 mg/l, and 953.49 ± 207.54 (µs/cm), respectively. The results showed that FRC had the highest influence on microorganism growth in comparison to other tested parameters. The results showed that the using various kinds of microorganism with different features provided a higher safety of drinking water and protection of the public from risks associated opportunistic pathogens in DWDS.
A sub-seasonal oscillation of sea surface temperature in the Southern Indian Ocean during DJF and its excitation mechanism
Authors: Zi Yucheng , XIAO ZINIU , Lu Gaopeng , Xu Jingjing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Based on the ERA-Interim reanalysis data, a sub-seasonal oscillation of the sea surface temperature (SST) and its characteristics are revealed in the Southern Indian Ocean from December to February (DJF). The results of Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis show that the first two dominant modes of SST in the Southern Indian Ocean are the spatial distribution of Southwest-Northeast direction dipole (SIOD) and triple (SIOT) respectively. The research shows that the intensity and zonal oscillation of the Mascarene High are conducive to the formation of SIOD (SIOT). The air-sea interaction during the formation process is composed of three stages. In the first stage the atmospheric forces the ocean to result in the Mascarene High westward (eastward) and enhances the abnormal anticyclone in the Southern Indian Ocean. There are abnormal northerly (Southerly) flows on the west (east) sides of the abnormal anticyclone respectively, which weakens (enhances) the Southeast trade wind in the climatology. The release of surface latent heat flux decreases (increases) and SST is warmed (cooled). During the following stage, the ocean feedback the atmosphere. The warm SST continues to increase, resulting in low-level convective is enhanced, which weakens the abnormal anticyclone. The third stage is again the atmosphere forcing the ocean. The abnormal anticyclone gradually turns into an abnormal cyclone and the meridional wind direction is reversed. The release of the latent heat flux increases (decreases) significantly which leads to the cooling (warming) of SST on the west (east) sides of an abnormal cyclone. In addition, the formation and extinction of SIOT easier are affected by the Southern Hemisphere annular mode (SAM) than SIOD. The abnormal zonal wave train with wavenumber 4 (3) propagates the Southern Indian Ocean by the westerly jet waveguide and results in an SST anomaly of SIOD (SIOT), accompanied by an obvious sub-seasonal meridional variation of the precipitation in Southern Africa.
The Potential of mecciRNA in Hepatic Stellate Cell to Regulate Progression of Nonalcoholic Hepatitis
Authors: Liu Boqiang , Tian Yuanshi , He Jing , Gu Qiuxia , Jin Binghan , Hao Shen , Li Weiqi , Shi Liang , Yu Hong , Shan Ge , Cai Xiujun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) occupies a substantial proportion of chronic liver disease worldwide, of which pathogenesis needs further research. Recent studies have demonstrated the significant roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in NASH, while the function of a novel type of circRNAs, namely mitochondria-encoded circRNAs (mecciRNAs), still remain elusive. Therefore, we aimed to investigate their potential to regulate progression of NASH in this study.
Methods
GSE134146 was used to screen for differentially expressed mecciRNAs in NASH, while GSE46300 was used to identified NASH-related genes. To establish the mecciRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks, circMINE and miRNet database were used for predicting downstream targets. Then, consensus clustering analysis was used to determine immune subtypes of NASH. Finally, we successfully validated our findings in vitro (LPS-treated hepatic stellate cells [HSCs]) and in vivo (MCD-diet mice) NASH models.
Results
We confirmed that circRNomics balance is disrupted in HSCs of NASH, while two mecciRNAs (hsa_circ_0089761 and hsa_circ_0089763) could function as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to regulate fibrosis-related signals. Furthermore, we constructed two ceRNA networks based on mecciRNAs for the first time. Cell and animal NASH models validated our findings that c-MYC and SMAD2/3 were upregulated in HSCs, while THBS1 and p-STAT3 were upregulated in hepatic cells. Additionally, overlapping the differentially expressed genes (NASH vs. Normal) with mecciRNA-targeted genes, we identified 21 core genes and established a novel immunotyping model for NASH patients to reflect hepatic immune microenvironment state, in which proinflammatory signals are significantly activated in Cluster 1.
Conclusion
We successfully established two novel mecciRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks in HSCs and hepatic cells, which were further confirmed by in vitro and in vivo models. Meanwhile, the novel immunotyping model revealed the heterogeneity of NASH, thereby might guiding treatment options. Altogether, our study brought a distinct perspective on the relationship between mecciRNAs and NASH.
Faculty Experience With Telecommuting in Colleges in Tamilnadu During the Covid 19 Pandemic
Authors: B SUTHA 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to explore the perceptions of online training among the workforce at a Tamil Nadu State Colleges. A graphic online study was used in this investigation. Measurement techniques included statistical measures, the Mann-Whitney U test, and the chi-square test. The majority of the employees had basic PC skills and no training in web-based teaching, with only a few having a completely stable web connection, according to research findings. When compared to face-to-face classes, personnel believed that online instruction would result in more intellectual dishonesty, unoriginality, and a lack of feeling, as well as being difficult to control in terms of innovation. Furthermore, workers were unsure whether or not they were in favor of online learning. The workforce differed in their support for online education based on age, sex, school, and instructional achievement, as well as years of experience teaching, academic position, level of instruction, and firm standing. Higher Education Institutions' staff should be provided with continued support and preparation as they adjust to the new normal in higher education and face the educational challenges posed by the Corona virus disease 19 pandemic.
Association between maternal gut microbiome and macrosomia
Authors: An Rongjing , Ma Shujuan , Zhang Na , Zhang Xian , Chen Lizhang , Lin Huijun , Xiang Tianyu , Chen Mengshi , Tan Hongzhuan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Fetal macrosomia is defined as birthweight≧4000g and causes harm to pregnant women and infants. Studies reported that maternal intestinal microbiome plays a key role in the establishment, growth and development of fetal intestinal flora; however, the relationship between maternal gut microbiota and macrosomia remains unclear. Our study aimed to investigate whether maternal gut microbiome is associated with macrosomia and explored the potential microbiome biomarkers at early pregnancy to prevent macrosomia .Methods: We conducted a nested case control study based on an early pregnancy cohort (ChiCTR1900020652) in Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Hunan Province, fecal samples of 93 women(31 delivered macrosomia as case group and 62 delivered normal birth weight newborns as the control group) collected and included in this study. And we performed metagenomic analysis to compare the composition and function of gut microbiome between cases and controls. Correlation analysis was used to explore the association of differential species with differential functional pathways and clinical parameters.Results: There are more phylum Bacteroidetes, order Bacteroidales and Burkholderiales, class Betaproteobacteria and Bacteroidia and Bacteroides ovatus in the intestinal flora of macrosomias’mothers compared with fetuses with normal birth weight. Functional pathways of gut microbiome including gondoate biosynthesis (anaerobic), L-histidine degradation III, cis-vaccenate biosynthesis and mannitol cycle were more abundant in macrosomia group. Significant correlations were discovered between taxa associated in macrosomia and triglycerides. Furthermore, Bacteroidetes (phylum), Bacteroidia (class), Bacteroidales (order) and Bacteroides ovatus were significantly associated with the pathway of gondoate biosynthesis, L−histidine degradation III, cis−vaccenate biosynthesis and Bacteroides ovatus was correlated with mannitol cycle pathway.Conclusions: Maternal gut microbiota may play an important role in the development of macrosomia and can be used as predictors to prevent macrosomia.
Comparative effects of retinoic acid, granulosa cells conditioned medium or forskolin in combination with granulosa cell co-culturing on mouse germ cell differentiation
Authors: Bahmanpour Soghra , Moasses Zia , Zareifard Nehleh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Devising of an appropriate in vitro culture method for germ cells differentiation in the presence of soluble factors has attracted considerable attention, which results will provide new insight into reproductive biology. In this study, we compared the effects of forskolin, retinoic acid (RA) or granulosa cell-conditioned medium in the presence or absence of granulosa cell co-culturing on germ cell differentiation from embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Methods and Results: Embryonic stem cells were differentiated using embryoid bodies (EBs) for 5 days, and then EB-derived cells were co-cultured with or without adult mouse granulosa cells using monolayer protocol and treated with 50 µM forskolin, 1 µM RA and 50% granulosa cell-conditioned medium for 4 days.Granulosa cell-conditioned medium significantly increased the levels of Scp3, Rec8, Mvh and Gdf9 expression in the granulosa cell co-culture method compared to untreated cells. A significant elevation of Stra8, Rec8 and Mvh was observed after treatment with RA in the absence of granulosa cells and there was no significant increase in the levels of expression of germ cell-specific genes after treatment with forskolin compared to control. Furthermore, forskolin and RA significantly increased viability and proliferation of germ-like cells, compared with granulosa cell-conditioned medium. Conclusions: Our study revealed that granulosa cell-conditioned medium and RA effectively can induce germ cell differentiation from ESCs, however combined application of granulosa cell-conditioned medium and co-culturing with granulosa cells had synergic effect on germ cell development in vitro as optimized protocol.
Reach-to-Grasp Kinematics and Kinetics in Early- Stage Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zhang Jianhong , Xiao Yunling , Li Zong-Ming , Wei Na , Lin Leitong , Li Ke 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of early-stage Alzheimer’s disease (AD) on the reach-to-grasp kinematics and kinetics with different visual feedbacks. Seventeen patients who had been diagnosed with the early-stage AD and the same number of age- and gender-matched cognitive normal (CN) adults participated in the experiment. Each subject was instructed to perform the reach-to-grasp task, and the kinematic and kinetic parameters were collected and calculated to quantify the characteristics for both the AD and CN groups. Results showed that the early-stage AD remarkably decrease the reaching speed, reduce the grasping accuracy and increase the transportation variability. In addition, the early-stage AD extended the preload duration, disturbed the grip and lift forces (GF-LF) coordination, and increased the feedforward proportion in the grasping force control. The AD-related changes in the reach-to-grasp kinematic and kinetic parameters depended on visual feedback conditions and were associated with nervous system function according to correlation analyses with the neuropsychological testing. These results imply that quantifying the reach-to-grasp performance may help us better understand the changes in sensorimotor control in the early-stage AD and may provide novel approach to the early screening and evaluation of AD.
Ultrasound assessment of gastric contents and volume in patients before and after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery: a prospective observational study
Authors: Jia Haitao , He Ertao , Hao Wei , Li Yanli , Liu Wei , Chen Xiaoxia , Jia Yanfei , Wang Yingbin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Surgical procedures may affect the changes in gastric contents and volume, resulting in a potential risk of pulmonary aspiration. We aimed to assess the differences in preoperative and postoperative gastric contents and volume in patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery using ultrasound and determine the potential factors associated with intraoperative volume changes. This prospective study enrolled 71 adult patients diagnosed with pituitary adenoma. Semi-quantitative (Perlas score: grade 0, 1, or 2) and quantitative (cross-sectional area, CSA) ultrasound scans of the gastric antrum were performed before anaesthetic induction and postoperatively in semirecumbent and semirecumbent-right lateral positions. The postoperative median (interquartile [range]) antral CSA in both positions were 3.5 cm2 (3.3–3.7 [2.9–12.1]) and 3.7 cm2 (3.4–4.6 [2.9–26.6]), significantly higher than the preoperative values of 3.3 cm2 (3.1–3.4 [2.7–3.9]) and 3.4 cm2 (3.2–3.7 [2.8–5.7]), respectively (P=0.001). The postoperative estimated gastric volume was 20.2 ml (2.2–42.7 [0–316.7]), significantly larger than the preoperative value of 14.5 ml (0–32.6 [0–66.4]) (P=0.001). Seven (9.9%) patients showed significant volume changes, from preoperative grade 0 to postoperative grade 2 (estimated volume >1.5 ml.kg-1) (P=0.02). Logistic regression analysis revealed that gastroesophageal reflux, intraoperative irrigation volume, and anaesthesia duration were independent risk factors for significant intraoperative volume changes (P<0.05). Our results show that significant change in gastric volume was presented in some patients during transsphenoidal surgery because of the special surgical procedures and comorbidities. Perioperative ultrasound could facilitate assessing aspiration risk in patients undergoing transsphenoidal neurosurgical procedures.Trial registration: This prospective observational study was registered at http://www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2100045110) on 7 April 2021.
Acceptability of Integration of Cervical Cancer Screening Into Routine HIV Care, Associated Factors and Perceptions Among HIV- Infected Women: a Mixed Methods Study at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital
Authors: Ninsiima Mackline , Nyabigambo Agnes , Kagaayi Joseph 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Integrating Cervical Cancer Screening (CCS) into routine HIV care has been endorsed as an effective strategy for increasing uptake of CCS, and facilitating early detection and treatment of pre-cancerous lesions among HIV-infected women. In Uganda, this strategy has not been implemented yet in most HIV clinics. Assessing the acceptability of this intervention among HIV-infected women is of great relevance to inform its implementation. This study assessed acceptability of integration of CCS into routine HIV care, associated factors and perceptions among HIV-infected women enrolled in the Immune Suppression Syndrome clinic at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH).
Methodology:
A mixed methods study utilizing the explanatory sequential approach was conducted among 327 eligible HIV-infected women. Acceptability of integration of CCS into routine HIV care was measured using the Theoretical Framework of acceptability (TFA). A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data. Focus group discussions to explore perceptions regarding the intervention were conducted among purposively selected HIV-infected women. Modified poisson regression with robust variance analysis was utilized to determine factors associated with the acceptability of the intervention. Statistical significance was determined at p-value < 0.05. Thematic analysis utilizing inductive coding was used to analyze qualitative data.
Results
Majority of the HIV-infected women (64.5%) accepted the integration of CCS into routine HIV care. Religion, perceived risk of developing CC and ever screened for CC were statistically significantly associated with the acceptability of integration of CCS into routine HIV care. Perceived benefits of the proposed intervention were: convenience to seek for CCS, motivation to undergo CCS, improved archiving of CCS results, confidentiality of HIV patient information, and preference to interact with ISS clinic health workers. Shame to expose their privacy to the ISS clinic health workers and increased waiting time were the only perceived challenges of the intervention.
Conclusion
Study findings highlight the need to take advantage of this acceptability to prioritize implementation of the integration of CCS into routine HIV care. HIV-infected women should be reassured of confidentiality and reduced waiting time to increase uptake of the integrated CCS and HIV services among HIV-infected women along the continuum of HIV care and treatment services.
Smokeless Tobacco Enhance Allergic Inflammation, Exacerbation of Asthma and Oxidative Stress in Asthmatic Patients from Algeria
Authors: Khaldi Taha , Beya Amira Aicha , Karima Boughemara , Yasmine Khodja Hesnie , Mahfoud Messarah , Amel Boumendjel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background and objective
Despite their effects on human health, the link between smokeless tobacco (ST) consumption and asthma severity in asthmatic patients is still unknown. Thus, the present study aims to complete the lack of information by investigating the aggravation of inflammation, exacerbation of asthma, oxidative stress and cytotoxicity induced by ST in asthmatic patients.
Methods
The study recruited 80 male volunteers residing in Annaba town, Algeria, divided into four groups by using a questionnaire, each group consists of 20 male volunteers. Herein, biochemical parameters, hematological parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP), total IgE, interleukin-5 (IL-5), nitric oxide (NO) and oxidative stress were measured.
Results
The obtained results showed that ST clearly enhanced lung inflammation and exacerbation of asthma through total IgE, IL-5 and CRP increased production. In addition, ST was found to intensify oxidative stress via increased lipid peroxidation and decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Likewise, the biochemical and hematological parameters results showed that ST causes damage and inflammation to tissues.
Conclusion
Therefore, our study reveals that ST obviously enhances allergic inflammation in patients suffering from asthma.
Collagen Ⅰ-DDR1 signaling promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell stemness via Hippo signaling repression
Authors: Xiong Yi-xiao , Zhang Xiao-chao , Zhu Jing-han , Zhang Yu-xin , Pan Yong-long , Wu Yu , Zhao Jian-ping , Liu Jun-jie , Lu Yuan-xiang , Liang Hui-fang , Zhang Zhan-guo , Zhang Wan-guang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a minority population of cancer cells with stemness and multiple differentiation potentials, leading to cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. However, the concrete mechanism of CSCs remains obscure. Collagen Ⅰ-DDR1 signaling can response to ECM which can be a physical barrier that protects CSCs from chemotherapy. We explore the clinical significance, biological function and molecular mechanism of collagen Ⅰ-DDR1 signaling in promoting cancer cell stemness. Methods: Picro-Sirius red staining was performed to distinguish collagen types. We established DDR1 knock-down and overexpression in different HCC cell lines. sphere-forming assay, single-cell colony formation, CD133 positive stem-like-cell proportion, and chemoresistance was performed to assess cancer cell stemness in vitro. Cancer cells limiting dilution implantation assay was conducted to assess stemness in vivo. Stemness and Hippo signaling associated genes expression was determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Proteins interaction was investigated by mass spectrometry, co-immunoprecipitation, GST pull-down and confocal microscopy imaging. The mechanisms of collagen Ⅰ-DDR1 regulating Hippo signaling were performed by RNA sequencing, immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting. A radiomic predicting model was constructed based on T2 weighted image, the predictive performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis.Results: In advanced HCC tissues, collagen Ⅰ was upregulated, which was consistent with the expression of its receptor DDR1, high collagen Ⅰ levels accompanied by high DDR1 expression are associated with a poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Collagen Ⅰ-induced DDR1 activation enhanced HCC cell stemness in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, DDR1 interacts with CD44, which acts as a co-receptor that amplifies collagen Ⅰ-induced DDR1 signaling, and collagen Ⅰ-DDR1 signaling antagonized Hippo signaling by facilitating the recruitment of PP2AA to MST1, leading to exaggerated YAP activation. The combined inhibition of DDR1 and YAP synergistically abrogated HCC cell stemness. A radiomic model based on T2 weighted image can noninvasively predict collagen Ⅰ expression.Conclusions: Our findings reveal the mechanism of collagen Ⅰ-DDR1 signaling inhibiting Hippo signaling, highlight the role of CD44/DDR1/YAP axis in promoting cancer cell stemness, and the radiomic model have potential of non-invasive predicting collagen Ⅰ expression, suggesting that DDR1 and YAP may serve as novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in HCC.