bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intramolecular Cyclization of 2‐Alkynylphenylcarbonyls With a Pendant Double Bond under Copper Catalysis: A General Approach to Norabietane Core Structure
Authors: Kang Juyeon , Lee Ju Hui , Lee Junseong , Oh Chang Ho 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSynthetic routes leading to [6,6,6]‐tricyclic compounds were reported using metal catalysts from ene‐yne‐aldehydes in our group. Based on this result, the synthesis of various [6,6,6]‐tricyclic compounds is reported using transition metal‐catalyzed cyclization from enyne‐carbonyl substrates containing H, Me, Ph, OMe, CO2Me, and CO2i‐Pr groups. Tricyclic compounds containing the CO2Me group would be the prospective precursors of the natural product Lepenine.
Probing Dynamical Anderson Transition in a Periodically‐Driven Lattice by Statistical Measures
Authors: Zheng Qiang , Qin Pinquan , Zhi Qi‐jun , Li Yong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Floquet system, as a platform to explore new physics in the time domain, has attracted wide interest. This paper considers the dynamical Anderson transition of a single particle in a 1D incommensurate potential, acted by periodic driving. The competition of three elements including the quasi‐disorder, periodic driving, and hopping, produces very rich yet unexplored phenomena in the system. The variance of the Shannon entropy is suggested, inspired by the fact that the Shannon entropy is just the mean information. For the ratio of nearest quasi‐eigenenergy spacings, its probability density distribution is obtained numerically. Based on this distribution, two statistical measures, the entropy of the ratio and the variance of the entropy are suggested to detect the dynamical transition. Moreover, the Anderson transition can also be identified by the pseudo‐spin operators based on the site bases.
Experimental investigation of pore structure during high sodium coal ash sintering with and without calcium oxide additive through XCT technology
Authors: Fang Hao , Wang Zhaowen , Luo Jiawei , Ji Mengting , Zhou Hao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article investigates the evolution of morphology and pore structure during sintering at 1200°C for a high sodium coal ash, with and without using a calcium oxide additive. The effect of different proportions of calcium oxide additive was studied. The ratios of height and area of samples were calculated, and representative sintering time points of morphological changes were captured. Meanwhile, frequencies of diameter, pore numbers, and porosities were obtained by processing images. The maximum ratio of height and area reached at 15 min, 4 min, and 10 min for the sintering process of coal ash sample without additive, with 5% and 10% CaO, proving that CaO accelerates the sintering process. In comparison, the maximum porosities were 52.4%, 39.5%, and 47.0% for sintering samples after 10 min, 6 min, and 40 min. Besides, X‐ray diffraction analysis of the minerals of the condensed white matter was conducted.
A stretchable, compressible and anti‐freezing ionic gel based on a natural deep eutectic solvent applied as a strain sensor
Authors: Yan Mingkai , Li Xiaoyu , Lian Hailan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGlycerin (Gly), a common by‐product in petrochemical industry, is used as hydrogen bond donor. Green organic choline chloride (ChCl) as hydrogen bond acceptor. Natural deep eutectic solvent (NDES) can be prepared with Gly and ChCl. Subsequently, a starch/NDES ionic gel is prepared by in situ free radical polymerization of acrylamide monomer in NDES with starch as the reinforcement. The effects of amylose content in starch and starch addition amount on mechanical properties of ionic gel are analyzed. The results show that starch could be partially dissolved and dispersed in NDES. Compared with the tensile strength of pure NDES gel (about 15 kPa), the tensile strength of starch/NDES ionic gel is increased by 6 times to 90 kPa. It shows good self‐recovery performance after 20 compression cycles. Starch/NDES ionic gel has good thermal stability and frost resistance. In addition, CS4 starch/NDES ionic gel has the highest conductivity. At the same time, starch/NDES ionic gel has been successfully applied to monitor grasping motion of hand, which has the potential of strain sensor. It provides a new green method for the design of electronic products such as electronic skin.
Surface modification of cellulose nanocrystal and its applications in flame retardant epoxy resin
Authors: Suo Yifan , Gao Wei , Chen Zhongwei , Yu Yuan , Chen Tingting , Li Changxin , Zhang Qingwu , Jiang Juncheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this work, surface modification of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) with diphenyl phosphate and Zn(OAc)2·2H2O was prepared by a green method to obtain CNC‐based flame retardant CNC@DPP@Zn and then added into epoxy resins (EP). The structure, morphology, and thermal stability of CNC@DPP@Zn were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Flame retardancy and combustion behavior of EP/CNC@DPP@Zn composites were characterized by TG, limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, vertical burning (UL‐94) test and cone calorimeter tests (CCT). The results of CCT demonstrated that the peak heat release rate (pHRR), total heat release (THR), and total smoke production (TSP) of EP/8CNC@DPP@Zn composites reduced by 38.3%, 15.5%, and 36.0%, respectively, compared with pure EP. The char residues after CCT were characterized by laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Finally, the flame retardancy mechanism of CNC@DPP@Zn was proposed.
Evaluation of piezoelectric behavior and biocompatibility of poly(vinylidene fluoride) ultrafine fibers with incorporated talc nanosheets
Authors: Shetty Sawan , Murugesan Selvakumar , Salehi Sahar , Pellert Alexandra , Scheibel Melanie , Scheibel Thomas , Anandhan Srinivasan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHerein, we fabricated biocompatible ultrafine fibers based on talc nanosheets (TNS)/PVDF composites that can exhibit robust electromechanical responses. Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) was extensively used to decode various characteristics, including ferroelectric and piezoelectric coefficients. The 0.5 wt% TNS dispersed ultrafine fibers exhibited well‐defined ferroelectric characteristics with an enhanced piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of ≈43.3 pm/V compared to 10 pm/V measured for the pristine PVDF ultrafine fibers. It was observed that the piezoelectric coefficient values strongly depended on the morphology and electroactive phase fraction of the ensuing composite ultrafine fiber. The advantage of a high aspect ratio and surface charges offered by TNS alongside electrospinning augmented the composite ultrafine fiber's piezoelectric response. Further, in‐vitro cytotoxicity of the TNS/PVDF composite ultrafine fibers was examined using BALB/3T3 fibroblasts based on ISO Standard 10993‐5. Importantly, the new composite fibers showed no cytotoxic response and the exposed fibroblasts showed excellent viability. Thus, these fabricated TNS/PVDF piezoelectric ultrafine fibers are well suited for applications in bioelectronics, especially as flexible wearable electronic devices, including sensors.
Development of Dissolved Oxygen Sensor Based on Time‐domain Lifetime Measurement with a Sensing Film Fabricated by Embedding PtOEP in Highly Stable and Highly Hydrophobic Fluorinated Matrix
Authors: Xu Yihan , Qi Guoping , Yan Liuming , Yue Baohua , Yang Yang , Hu Desheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA dissolved oxygen sensor was developed based on time‐domain lifetime measurement with an oxygen sensing film. The oxygen sensing film was fabricated by embedding PtOEP in a highly stable and highly hydrophobic fluorinated matrix synthesized from methacrylate, fluorinated methacrylate, and 3‐(tris(trimethylsilyloxy)silyl)propyl methacrylate via free radical polymerization. The fluorinated methacrylate provided the high stability and the 3‐(tris(trimethylsilyloxy)silyl)propyl methacrylate provided the extra hydrophobicity. The PtOEP was excited using pulsed signals from a green‐light LED and the fluorescence lifetime was evaluated by time‐domain lifetime measurement. The dynamical quenching of fluorescence response by dissolved oxygen was calibrated using the Stern‐Volmer plot with a high
ratio of 5.68 and a Stern‐Volmer constant of 0.112 mg−1 dm3. It was demonstrated that the dissolved oxygen sensing film showed high stability under the varied excitation intensity and long‐term stability in the accelerated aging experiment and the repeated freeze‐thaw‐cycling tests.
Standardization of presurgical language fMRI in Greek population: Mapping of six critical regions
Authors: Gkiatis Kostakis , Garganis Kyriakos , Benjamin Christopher F. , Karanasiou Irene , Kondylidis Nikolaos , Harushukuri Jean , Matsopoulos George K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundMapping the language system has been crucial in presurgical evaluation especially when the area to be resected is near relevant eloquent cortex. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) proved to be a noninvasive alternative of Wada test that can account not only for language lateralization but also for localization when appropriate tasks and MRI sequences are being used. The tasks utilized during the fMRI acquisition are playing a crucial role as to which areas will be activated. Recent studies demonstrated that key language regions exist outside the classical model of “Wernicke–Lichtheim–Geschwind,” but sensitive tasks must take place in order to be revealed. On top of that, the tasks should be in mother tongue for appropriate language mapping to be possible.MethodsFor that reason, in this study, we adopted an English protocol that can reveal six language critical regions even in clinical setups and we translated it into Greek to prove its efficacy in Greek population. Twenty healthy right‐handed volunteers were recruited and performed the fMRI acquisition in a standardized manner.ResultsResults demonstrated that all six language critical regions were activated in all subjects as well as the group mean map. Furthermore, activations were found in the thalamus, the caudate, and the contralateral cerebellum.ConclusionIn this study, we standardized an fMRI protocol in Greek and proved that it can reliably activate six language critical regions. We have validated its efficacy for presurgical language mapping in Greek patients capable to be adopted in clinical setup.
Integration of bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation identifies plasma exosomal miR‐103b/877‐5p/29c‐5p as diagnostic biomarkers for early lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wu Jing , Feng Zian , Wang Rui , Li Ang , Wang Hong , He Xiaodong , Shen Zuojun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to identify miRNAs in plasma exosomes as noninvasive biomarkers for the early diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). First, exosomal miRNA profiling of three patients with early LUAD and three patients with benign lung disease were screened by next‐generation sequencing (NGS) method. Sequencing results showed that 154 exosomal miRNAs were differentially expressed in the plasma of LUAD patients, among which 68 miRNAs were up‐regulated and 86 miRNAs were down‐regulated. GSE137140 is a GEO database containing serum miRNAs sequencing data from 1566 lung cancer patients and 1774 non‐cancer patients controls. When comparing the sequencing data, it was found that most miRNAs (37/68) up‐regulated in our LUAD group were also significantly up‐regulated in GSE137140, suggesting that circulating miRNAs in lung cancer patients may be enriched in plasma exosomes. In GSE137140, the AUC of the combination of hsa‐miR‐103b, hsa‐miR‐29c‐5p and hsa‐miR‐877‐5p was 0.873, showing great potential as new tumor markers. To our knowledge, these three exosomal miRNAs have not been reported in lung cancer research. Furthermore, bioinformatics tools were used to analyze the target genes of three candidate miRNAs, which were indeed closely related to the occurrence and development of lung cancer. Bioinformatics algorithms deduced a highly conserved sequence in the 3’‐UTR of SFRP4, FOXM1 and TMEM98 that could be bound with miR‐103b/877‐5p/29c‐5p. A luciferase assay indicated that miR‐103b/877‐5p/29c‐5p directly targeted the 3’‐UTR of SFRP4, FOXM1 and TMEM98, respectively. Finally, three candidate miRNAs were validated by qRT‐PCR in 17 early LUAD samples and 17 control plasma samples. Integration of bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation identifies, this study provides novel insights into miRNA‐related networks in LUAD. Hsa‐miR‐103b, hsa‐miR‐29c‐5p, and hsa‐miR‐877‐5p may be used as diagnostic biomarkers for early LUAD.
Dose of intra‐operative opioids has no impact on recurrence or survival in primary liver cancer
Authors: Zhao Liuyuan , Teng Lei , Zhang Wenhui , Lin Shiyan , Liu Xuejiao , Dai Junzhu , Shao Hongxue , Li Xiaoshi , Liu Quan , Zou Huichao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntra‐operative use of opioid analgesics might have an impact on cancer recurrence and survival after surgery. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between the intra‐operative fentanyl equivalents and survival outcomes in patients with primary liver cancer after receiving hepatectomy.MethodsThis was a retrospective single‐center cohort study, and clinical data of 700 patients with primary liver cancer who underwent hepatectomy in Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital from September 2013 to August 2018 were reviewed. After propensity matching, 376 patients were included. Patients were divided into high‐dose and low‐dose groups according to the median intra‐operative fentanyl equivalents (1.500 mg). Kaplan Meier curve and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used.ResultsResults of univariable analysis showed there were no significant differences in recurrence‐free survival (RFS) (p = 0.136) and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.444) between high‐dose fentanyl equivalents and low‐dose fentanyl equivalents group. The multivariable Cox regression analysis found that the dose of intra‐operative fentanyl equivalents was not associated with RFS (HR: 1.119, 95%CI: 0.851–1.472, p = 0.422) or OS (HR: 0.939, 95%CI: 0.668–1.319, p = 0.715).ConclusionsThe amounts of intra‐operative fentanyl equivalents had no impact on recurrence‐free or overall survival in patients with primary liver cancer after curative hepatectomy.
Exosomes and their roles in the chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Pan Yubin , Tang Honglin , Li Qijun , Chen Guangpeng , Li Da 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPancreatic cancer (PC) remains one of the most lethal human malignancies worldwide. Due to the insidious onset and the rapid progression, most patients with PC are diagnosed at an advanced stage rendering them inoperable. Despite the development of multiple promising chemotherapeutic agents as recommended first‐line treatment for PC, the therapeutic efficacy is largely limited by unwanted drug resistance. Recent studies have identified exosomes as essential mediators of intercellular communications during the occurrence of drug resistance. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms and complex signaling pathways of exosome‐mediated drug resistance will contribute to the improvement of the design of new oncologic therapy regimens. This review focuses on the intrinsic connections between the chemoresistance of PC cells and exosomes in the tumor microenvironment (TME).
Effect of freeze‐thaw cycles at different temperatures on the properties of gluten proteins in unfermented dough
Authors: Dai Yunfei , Gao Haiyan , Tian Xiaoling , Huang Keqiang , Liu Yufen , Zeng Jie , Wang Mengyu , Qin Yueqi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe present study investigated the effects of different freezing temperatures and different freeze‐thaw cycles on the physical, chemical, functional, and structural properties of gluten protein. The water‐holding capacity, rheological properties, water distribution, microstructure, and secondary structure were measured.FindingsWith the same number of freeze‐thaw cycles, the water‐holding capacity of gluten was higher at low temperature, and the viscoelasticity and binding water content increased slightly with decreasing temperature. At −30°C and −24°C, the microstructure of gluten protein was more uniform and relatively intact. Lower temperatures significantly decreased the ratio of α‐helix and β‐turns and significantly increased the ratio of β‐sheets. At the same temperature, the water‐holding capacity, bound water content, and viscoelasticity of the freeze‐thaw cycle gradually decreased with the increase in the number of freeze‐thaw cycles. Compared to the first freeze‐thaw cycle (F1), the holes in the microstructure of gluten in the fifth freeze‐thaw cycle (F5) were larger and fractured.ConclusionsIncreasing the number of freeze‐thaw cycles damaged the properties of gluten protein, and lower temperatures were more conducive to maintaining the stability of gluten properties.Significance and NoveltyThis study revealed the changes in gluten protein quality during storage at −6°C, −12°C, −18°C, −24°C, and −30°C and different numbers of freeze‐thaw cycles. The results provide a theoretical basis for the quality management and control of frozen dough during storage and transportation.
Long‐segment restrictive tear of radial artery under ultrasound guide for arteriovenous fistula by PTA: A case report
Authors: Xie Jing , Zhu Jiang‐tao , Mao Nan , Ren Si‐chong , Fan Jun‐ming 
Published: May 2022

AbstractConsiderable calcification and stenosis frequently occur in the radial artery (RA) in diabetic nephropathy. PTA was performed successfully using a balloon to expand and restrictively tear the longitudinal axis of the RA. This approach seems to be a useful measure of promoting the maturation of AVF in diabetic nephropathy.
Energy‐Dissipative and Soften Resistant Hydrogels Based on Chitosan Physical Network: From Construction to Application
Authors: Yang Yanyu , Wu Decheng 
Published: May 2022

Comprehensive SummaryIn spite of biological tissue‐like peculiarity, multifarious functionalities and great application prospect, the low mechanics and soften behavior of hydrogels still retain a problem to be addressed for repetitive weight‐bearing fields of flexible electronics, actuators, substitutions of soft tissues, wound dressing, wearable or implantable devices. Due to the distinct combination of diversity, reversibility and impressive disruption‐reconstruction capacity, the chitosan physical cross‐links can server as recoverable “sacrificial bonds” to construct multifarious energy‐dissipative and anti‐soften hydrogels and further broaden their diversified applications. In this review, we summarized the gelation mechanisms of chitosan physical networks and highlighted the chitosan physical network based hydrogels in rational design, construction principle, and structure and performance regulation. The recent progress in functional hydrogels for flexible electronics and biomaterials was systematically discussed. Overall, the review will provide comprehensive guidelines on the design principle, performance modulation and functionality construction of energy‐dissipative and soften resistant hydrogels.
Design, Synthesis and Application of Multifunctional Chiral Aminophosphine Catalyst for Asymmetric Intermolecular Cross Rauhut‐Currier Reaction
Authors: Dong Wu‐Wei , Tian Kui , Dong Xiu‐Qin , Wang Chun‐Jiang 
Published: May 2022

Comprehensive SummaryA series of structurally novel multifunctional chiral aminophosphine catalysts were developed through a concise synthetic strategy from easily available starting materials. The highly enantioselective intermolecular cross Rauhut‐Currier reactions of vinyl ketones with 3‐acyl acrylates and 2‐ene‐1,4‐diones catalyzed by (S,S)‐5a were well realized, generating a wide range of the structurally important chiral multicarbonyl products in good to excellent yields with high stereocontrol (up to 97% yield, 99% ee). In addition, a series of 31P NMR experiments were carried out to further investigate the catalytic process.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Functionalized Aryl and Biaryl Isothiocyanates against Human MCF‐7 Cells
Authors: Fanta Claire C. , Tlusty Kaitlyn J. , Pauley Sarah E. , Johnson Amanda L. , Benjamin Genevieve A. , Yseth Taylor K. , Bunde Michaela M. , Pierce Paul T. , Wang Shirley , Vitiello Peter F. , Mays Jared R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOrganic isothiocyanates (ITCs) are a class of anticancer agents which naturally result from the enzymatic degradation of glucosinolates produced by Brassica vegetables. Previous studies have demonstrated that the structure of an ITC impacts its potency and mode(s) of anticancer properties, opening the way to preparation and evaluation of synthetic, non‐natural ITC analogues. This study describes the preparation of a library of 79 non‐natural ITC analogues intended to probe further structure‐activity relationships for aryl ITCs and second‐generation, functionalized biaryl ITC variants. ITC candidates were subjected to bifurcated evaluation of antiproliferative and antioxidant response element (ARE)‐induction capacity against human MCF‐7 cells. The results of this study led to the identification of (1) several key structure‐activity relationships and (2) lead ITCs demonstrating potent antiproliferative properties.
Sharing is Caring: Guidelines for Sharing in the Electronic Laboratory Notebook (ELN) Chemotion as applied by a Synthesis‐oriented Working Group**
Authors: Fink Fabian , Hüppe Henrika M. , Jung Nicole , Hoffmann Alexander , Herres‐Pawlis Sonja 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe documentation and storage of experimental data is crucial in research data management and science in general. With regard to automated data curation and the generation of data for machine learning processes, the collection and sharing of machine‐readable data, including negative results, is a key step. The electronic laboratory notebook (ELN) Chemotion provides the possibility to share synthesis data with other scientists taking the mentioned aspects into account. In these guidelines, we offer general information on how to share data in Chemotion and present our sharing policy as a best practice example on how to use Chemotion's sharing functions in a working group with several group members on various hierarchy levels.
Sustained improvement in tolerance to water deficit accompanies maize yield increase in temperate environments
Authors: Messina Carlos , Ciampitti Ignacio Antonio , Berning Dan , Bubeck Dave , Hammer Graeme , Cooper Mark 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStudies at a regional scale suggest that although maize (Zea mays L.) yield increased substantially, sensitivity to water deficit also increased concurrently with crop improvement. This study assessed changes in yield and yield stability after two decades of breeding by evaluating two cohorts of hybrids released by the AQUAmax program and comparing them to a non‐AQUAmax control. Studies were conducted in 2019 and 2020 seasons at four sites under well‐watered, moderate and severe stress conditions. Plant densities varied from 2.5 to 12.5 pl m−2. AQUAmax hybrids yielded more than non‐AQUAmax hybrids under water deficit conditions with the magnitude of the difference dependent on plant density. The sensitivity in yield across environments with a wide range of total crop evapotranspiration (350–800 mm) was lower for AQUAmax than non‐AQUAmax, so both yield and yield under stress conditions (yield stability), were enhanced for AQUAmax hybrids. The median differences between observed yields and the 80% quantile yield–evapotranspiration front were 379 for AQUAmax and 427 g m−2 for non‐AQUAmax hybrids. We conclude that deliberate selection of hybrids for yield performance under water deficit underpinned the sustained improvement in yield stability after two decades of drought breeding. Future research should focus on understanding the root causes for the suboptimal utilization of drought tolerant maize for the diversity of environments at a regional scale.