bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sinful pleasures and pious woes? Using fMRI to examine evaluative and hedonic emotion knowledge
Authors: Lee Kent M , Lee SuhJin , Satpute Ajay B 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Traditionally, lust and pride have been considered pleasurable, yet sinful in the West. Conversely, guilt is often considered aversive, yet valuable. These emotions illustrate how evaluations about specific emotions and beliefs about their hedonic properties may often diverge. Evaluations about specific emotions may shape important aspects of emotional life (e.g. in emotion regulation, emotion experience and acquisition of emotion concepts). Yet these evaluations are often understudied in affective neuroscience. Prior work in emotion regulation, affective experience, evaluation/attitudes and decision-making point to anterior prefrontal areas as candidates for supporting evaluative emotion knowledge. Thus, we examined the brain areas associated with evaluative and hedonic emotion knowledge, with a focus on the anterior prefrontal cortex. Participants (N = 25) made evaluative and hedonic ratings about emotion knowledge during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We found that greater activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), ventromedial PFC (vmPFC) and precuneus was associated with an evaluative (vs hedonic) focus on emotion knowledge. Our results suggest that the mPFC and vmPFC, in particular, may play a role in evaluating discrete emotions.
Exploring Early Admission Processes: Implications for Nursing Workforce Diversity and Health Care Equity
Authors: Ackerman-Barger Kupiri , London Maya , Yi Amanda , Verzola Madeline , Wilson Machelle , Fine Jeffrey , Fancher Tonya L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This pilot study aimed to describe applicants who do not progress during the nursing school admissions process, explore common reasons they do not progress, and identify demographic trends. We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis on applicants who were not admitted to a master’s entry program for nursing over the course of five consecutive admission cycles. The most common reasons for denial were missing prerequisite, late application, a bachelor’s degree grade point average of <3.0, and a science prerequisite grade point average of <2.7. We found associations between some demographic groups and nonprogression through the application process.
The Impact of a Gross Anatomy Curriculum With Donor Family Interaction: Thematic Analysis of Student Letters to Silent Mentors
Authors: Chu Shao-Yin , Tseng Ting-Chun , Ho Yun-Chi , Tseng Guo-Fang 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
Tzu Chi University’s anatomy curriculum incorporates interaction with donors’ families and regards body donors as silent teachers and altruistic role models. In this silent mentor program (SMP), students learn about their donor’s life before dissection to better appreciate the selfless donation. This study explores the influence of the program on students’ humanistic literacy based on student letters to silent mentors, which students wrote near the end of the program and laid by the silent mentor during the coffining ceremony.

Method
The study included 125 letters from third-year medical students who took the gross anatomy curriculum in academic years 2015, 2016, and 2017. With student consent, the program collated and published the letters in the open-access SMP yearbook. Using thematic analysis, the authors manually analyzed the letters in their original Mandarin, with the names of students made anonymous to ensure the authors were blind to students’ identity throughout the study.

Results
The analysis identified 3 themes and 11 subthemes. Theme 1, my silent mentor, included 3 subthemes: life characteristics, altruistic attitude, and expectation of offering body. Theme 2, connection to silent mentor and family, included 4 subthemes: intersubjective bonding, emotive first encounter, spiritual communication, and encouragement from silent mentor. Theme 3, reflection and transformation, included 4 subthemes: reflection on life and death, professional self-expectation, inner transformation, and feedback action.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that interactions with donors’ families increased students’ appreciation of the donation and enhanced students’ humanistic literacy. Further, the letters seem to indicate that the SMP inspired students to develop a grateful, respectful, and empathic attitude toward life and their career. Thus, by implementing similar programs, gross anatomy curricula could go beyond the acquisition of structural knowledge to the cultivation of medical students’ humanistic literacy.
Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Glenohumeral Joint Injections of Leukocyte-Poor Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Hyaluronic Acid in the Treatment of Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis: A Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Trial
Authors: Kirschner Jonathan S , Cheng Jennifer , Creighton Andrew , Santiago Kristen , Hurwitz Nicole , Dundas Mark , Beatty Nicholas , Kingsbury Dallas , Konin Gabrielle , Abutalib Zafir , Chang Richard 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
To compare the efficacy of ultrasound-guided hyaluronic acid (HA) versus leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma (LP-PRP) injection in the treatment of glenohumeral osteoarthritis.

Design:
Double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Setting:
Academic institution.

Patients:
Seventy patients with chronic glenohumeral osteoarthritis were randomly assigned to receive a single injection of HA (n = 36) or LP-PRP (n = 34).

Interventions:
Leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma was processed using Harvest/TerumoBCT Clear PRP kits. Ultrasound-guided injections of 6 mL HA or 6 mL LP-PRP into the glenohumeral joint were performed. Patients, the injecting physician, and outcomes assessor were blinded to treatment assignments.

Main outcome measures:
Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, current/average numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores, satisfaction, and side effects were assessed at the 5 follow-up time points over 12 months.

Results:
Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. There were no significant between-group differences regarding SPADI, ASES, and current/average NRS pain scores at any time point up to 12 months postinjection (P > 0.05). However, significant improvements in SPADI, ASES, and current/average NRS pain scores were observed in both groups starting at 1 or 2 months (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.001, and P < 0.01, respectively). These improvements were observed regardless of osteoarthritis severity. For patients who received LP-PRP, there was no effect of platelet yield on outcomes. Side effect and satisfaction rates were similar between groups.

Conclusions:
There were no differences in pain and functional outcomes after a single injection of LP-PRP versus HA. However, significant improvements in pain and function were observed after both treatments in patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis.
Performance of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity Index in the Assessment of Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis—Findings From the REAL Study
Authors: Ramon Haddad Pedro Antonio , Vargas-Santos Ana Beatriz , Silva Freire Coutinho Evandro , Rocha Pereira Leticia , Henrique da Mota Licia Maria , Pires de Albuquerque Cleandro , Brandão de Resende Guimarães Maria Fernanda , Louzada-Júnior Paulo , Rossi Bonfiglioli Karina , de Carvalho Sacilotto Nathália , Radominski Sebastião Cezar , Aliel Vigano Pugliesi Alisson , Lobato da Cunha Sauma Maria de Fátima , Alves Pereira Ivânio , Viegas Brenol Claiton , da Rocha Castelar-Pinheiro Geraldo 
Published: March 2022

Background/Objective
Although telemedicine use has been under discussion for decades, this topic has gained unprecedented importance during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity Index (RADAI) is a user-friendly tool, fully self-administered, to assess rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of RADAI with other disease activity indices, functional status, and inflammatory markers in a large cohort of RA patients.

Methods
We assessed the concurrent validity of RADAI against Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI), Disease Activity Score in 28 Joints–C-reactive protein, Disease Activity Score in 28 Joints–erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Simplified Disease Activity Index, and physician assessment of disease activity and the correlation of RADAI with Health Assessment Questionnaire–Disability Index and inflammatory markers at the REAL Study baseline. We also evaluated the correlation of the change in RADAI and the change in CDAI over a 6-month follow-up.

Results
From the 1115 patients included in the REAL Study, 1113 had RADAI scores in the first assessment. At baseline, correlations between RADAI and other disease activity indices were strong, ranging from 0.64 (comparison with physician assessment) to 0.79 (comparison with CDAI). Correlation between the change in RADAI score over the 6 months of follow-up and the change in CDAI score over the same period was moderate/strong for the overall group and within the stratified analyses.

Conclusion
The strong correlation of RADAI with other well-established tools for disease activity measurement reassures its use with RA patients' follow-up, especially in this new era of telemedicine.
Delayed splenic pseudoaneurysm identification with surveillance imaging
Authors: Wallen Taylor E. , Clark Katherine , Baucom Matthew R. , Pabst Rebecca , Lemmink Jennifer , Pritts Timothy A. , Makley Amy T. , Goodman Michael D. 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND
Recent studies have shown that nonoperative management of patients with splenic injury has up to a 90% success rate. However, delayed hemorrhage secondary to splenic artery pseudoaneurysm occurs in 5% to 10% of patients with up to 27% of patients developing a pseudoaneurysm on delayed imaging. The goal of our study was to evaluate the safety and utility of delayed computed tomography (CT) imaging for blunt splenic injury patients.

METHODS
A retrospective evaluation of all traumatic splenic injuries from 2018 to 2020 at a single level 1 trauma center was undertaken. Patients were subdivided into four groups based on the extent of splenic injury: grades I and II, grade III, grade IV, and grade V. Patient injury characteristics along with hospital length of stay, imaging, procedures, and presence/absence of pseudoaneurysm were documented.

RESULTS
A total of 588 trauma patients were initially included for evaluation, with 539 included for final analysis. Two hundred ninety-seven patients sustained grades I and II; 123 patients, grade III; 61 patients, grade IV; and 58 patients, grade V splenic injuries. One hundred twenty-nine patients (24%) underwent either emergent or delayed (>6 hours) splenectomy with an additional six patients having a splenorrhaphy on initial operation. Of the patients who were treated nonoperatively, 98% of grade III, 91% of grade IV, and 100% of grade V splenic injury patients underwent follow-up CT imaging. The mean ± SD time from admission to follow-up abdominal CT scan was 5 ± 4.4 days. Twenty-two pseudoaneurysms were identified including grade III (10 of 84), grade IV (7 of 22), and grade V (2 of 5) patients; of these patients, 33% of grade III and 30% of grade IV required subsequent splenectomy.

CONCLUSION
Routine follow-up CT imaging after high-grade splenic injury identifies splenic artery pseudoaneurysm in a significant proportion of patients. Standardized surveillance imaging for high-grade splenic trauma promotes prospective identification of pseudoaneurysms, allowing for interventions to minimize delayed splenic injury complications.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; level IV.
Lung Transplantation for Pulmonary Fibrosis Associated With Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome. A Single-center Experience
Authors: Benvenuto Luke , Qayum Seema , Kim Hanyoung , Robbins Hilary , Shah Lori , Dimango Angela , Magda Gabriela , Grewal Harpreet , Lemaitre Philippe , Stanifer Bryan P. , Sonett Joshua , D’Ovidio Frank , Arcasoy Selim M. 
Published: March 2022

Background.
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, platelet storage defect with resultant bleeding diathesis, and pulmonary fibrosis. The bleeding diathesis associated with HPS had long been considered a contraindication to lung transplantation; consequently, few reports of successful lung transplantation for HPS exist.

Methods.
In the largest case series on lung transplant for HPS, we describe the characteristics of 11 lung transplant candidates with HPS-related pulmonary fibrosis, and the management and outcomes of 7 patients who underwent lung transplantation.

Results.
Of the 7 patients transplanted, 30-d survival was 85.7% (6/7). Six patients had at least 2 y of follow-up available with a 1-y survival of 83.3% and a 2-y survival of 83.3% (5/6). The median age at referral was 48 y (range 29–62 y). Eight patients (72.7%) were of Puerto Rican ancestry with confirmed type 1 HPS mutation. Six out of 7 patients received prophylaxis for bleeding diathesis, with a majority receiving desmopressin; 1 patient was administered aminocaproic acid infusion, and another received 2 units of platelets before surgery. Estimated blood loss and the amount of intraoperative blood product administered was highly variable with or without prophylaxis. Median blood loss was 400 mL (range 125–750) and estimated blood products administered was 700 mL (range 490–4043).

Conclusions.
HPS should not be considered a contraindication for lung transplantation. Although patients with HPS seem to have an increased risk of massive hemorrhage, the risk is unpredictable. Transplant teams should prepare a preoperative plan in consultation with hematology and consider the use of prophylactic platelet transfusion and desmopressin.
Mitochondrial DAMPs as mechanistic biomarkers of mucosal inflammation in Crohn’s disease: Study protocol for prospective longitudinal cohort study in Scotland
Authors: Chuah Shaun , Hall Rebecca , Ward Emma , Drury Broc , Ho Gwo-tzer 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe MUSIC study is a multi-centre, longitudinal study set in the real world IBD clinical setting to investigate and develop a new biomarker approach utilising mitochondrial DAMP and circulating DNA in assessing mucosal healing in Crohn’s disease. We present the study protocol (approved by East of Scotland Research Ethics Service, Scotland, United Kingdom - Reference No. 19/ES/0087) on 17th September 2019 and registered in ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT04760964 for this on-going project based in Scotland, UK.
Development and Validation of the Michigan Chronic Disease Simulation Model (MICROSIM)
Authors: Burke James F. , Copeland Luciana L. , Sussman Jeremy B. , Hayward Rodney A. , Gross Alden L. , Briceño Emily M. , Whitney Rachael , Giordani Bruno J. , Elkind Mitchell S. V. , Manly Jennifer J. , Gottesman Rebecca F. , Gaskin Darrell J. , Sidney Stephen , Yaffe Kristine , Sacco Ralph L. , Heckbert Susan R. , Hughes Timothy M. , Galecki Andrzej T. , Levine Deborah A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStrategies to prevent or delay Alzheimer’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease-related dementias (AD/ADRD) are urgently needed. Blood pressure (BP) management is a promising strategy for AD/ADRD prevention and the key element in the primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), yet the effects of different population level BP control strategies across the life course on AD/ADRD are not known.Large-scale randomized controlled trials are the least biased approach to identifying the effect of BP control on AD/ADRD, yet trials may be infeasible due to the need for prolonged follow-up and very large sample sizes. Thus, simulation analyses leveraging the best available observational data may be the best and most practical approach to answering these questions.In this manuscript, we describe the design principles, implementation details, and population-level validation of a novel population health microsimulation framework, the MIchigan ChROnic Disease SIMulation (MICROSIM), for The Effect of Lower Blood Pressure over the Life Course on Late-life Cognition in Blacks, Hispanics, and Whites (BP COG) study of the effect of BP levels over the life course on cognitive decline and dementia.MICROSIM was designed by applying computer programming best practices to create a novel simulation model. The initial purpose of this extensible, open-source framework is to explore a series of questions related to the impact of different blood pressure management strategies on late-life cognition and all-cause dementia, as well as the effects on race differences in all-cause dementia incidence. Ultimately, though, the framework is designed to be extensible such that a variety of different clinical conditions could be added to the framework.
Optimized transcriptional signature for evaluation of MEK/ERK pathway baseline activity and long-term modulations in ovarian cancer
Authors: Chesnokov Mikhail S. , Yadav Anil , Chefetz Ilana 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTOvarian cancer is the most aggressive and lethal of all gynecologic malignancies. High activity of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway is tightly associated with tumor growth, high recurrence rate, and treatment resistance. Several transcriptional signatures were proposed recently for evaluation of MEK/ERK activity in tumor tissue. In the present study, we validated the performance of a robust multi-cancer MPAS 10-gene signature in various experimental models and publicly available sets of ovarian cancer samples. Expression of four MPAS genes (PHLDA1, DUSP4, EPHA2, andSPRY4) displayed reproducible responses to MEK/ERK activity modulations across several experimental modelsin vitroandin vivo. Levels ofPHLDA1, DUSP4, andEPHA2expression were also significantly associated with baseline levels of MEK/ERK pathway activity in multiple human ovarian cancer cell lines and ovarian cancer patient samples available from the TCGA database. HighEPHA2expression, platinum therapy resistance, and advanced age at diagnosis were associated with poor overall patient survival. Taken together, our results demonstrate that performance of transcriptional signatures is significantly affected by tissue specificity and aspects of particular experimental models. We therefore propose that gene expression signatures derived from comprehensive multi-cancer studies should be always validated for each cancer type.
Single cell analysis of senescent epithelia reveals targetable mechanisms promoting fibrosis
Authors: O’Sullivan Eoin D , Mylonas Katie J , Bell Rachel , Carvalho Cyril , Baird David P , Cairns Carolynn , Gallagher Kevin M , Campbell Ross , Docherty Marie , Laird Alexander , Henderson Neil C , Chandra Tamir , Kirschner Kristina , Conway Bryan , Dihazi Gry H. , Zeisberg Michael , Hughes Jeremy , Denby Laura , Dihazi Hassan , Ferenbach David A 
Published: March 2022

AbstractProgressive fibrosis and maladaptive organ repair result in significant morbidity and millions of premature deaths annually. Senescent cells accumulate with ageing and after injury and are implicated in organ fibrosis, but the mechanisms by which senescence influences repair are poorly understood. Using two murine models of injury and repair we show that obstructive injury generates senescent epithelia which persist after resolution of the original injury, promote ongoing fibrosis and impede adaptive repair. Depletion of senescent cells with ABT263 reduces fibrosis in reversed ureteric obstruction and after renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury. We validate these findings in humans, showing that senescence and fibrosis persist after relieved renal obstruction. We next characterise senescent epithelia in murine renal injury using single cell RNA-Seq. We extend our classification to human kidney and liver disease and identify conserved pro-fibrotic proteins which we validate in vitro and in human disease. We demonstrate that one such molecule, Protein Disulfide Isomerase Family A Member 3 (PDIA3), is essential for TGF-beta mediated fibroblast activation. Inhibition of PDIA3 in vivo significantly reduces kidney fibrosis during ongoing renal injury and as such represents a new potential therapeutic pathway. Analysis of the signalling pathways of senescent epithelia connects senescence to organ fibrosis, permitting rational design of anti-fibrotic therapies.
Evaluation of different diffusion-weighted image techniques for head and neck radiation treatment: phantom and volunteer studies
Authors: Ding Yao , Meheissen Mohamed A. M. , Zhou Kun , Mohamed Abdallah S. R. , Wen Zhifei , Ng Sweet Ping , Elhalawani Hesham M. , Elgohari Baher A. , Hutcheson Katherine A. , Chung Caroline , Lai Stephen Y , Fuller Clifton D. , Wang Jihong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeTo quantitatively compare and assess the geometric distortion and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) accuracy of conventional single-shot EPI (SSEPI)-DWI, readout segmentation of long variable echo-trains (RESOLVE)-DWI, and BLADE-DWI techniques in both phantom and volunteer imaging studies.MethodsPhantom measurements were obtained using the QIBA DWI phantom at 0° and at ambient temperature (~17°). DW images were acquired using SSEPI-DWI, RESOLVE-DWI, and BLADE-DWI. Image geometric distortion factors (compression and dilation, shear distortion), and image shift factors were measured and compared with computed tomography images. ADC and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values were measured for the various DWI techniques. Images were also obtained from three healthy volunteers and three oropharynx cancer patients. Geometric distortion parameters and ADC values were analyzed in the following head and neck regions of interest (ROI): salivary glands, tonsils, and primary tumors (patient only). The metric evaluation included Dice similarity coefficient and Hausdorff distance mean. T2-weighted images were used as a reference to evaluate geometric distortion.ResultsIn the phantom experiment, the vials were prominently distorted on the SSEPI-DWI and RESOLVE-DWI images but were less distorted on the BLADE-DWI image, as determined by the overall effects of Image geometric distortion factors. The paired t-test showed no significant difference (0.15 < p < 0.88) in ADC values among the three DWI techniques; however, BLADE-DWI led to a lower SNR in vials. In the volunteer and patient studies, an ROI-based overlap metrics analysis of the salivary glands and gross tumor volumes were less distorted for BLADE-DWI than for EPI-based DWI, as determined by Wilcoxon paired signed-rank test.ConclusionBLADE-DWI demonstrated excellent geometric accuracy, with similar quantitative ADC values to those of EPI-based DW-MRI, thus potentially making this technique suitable for target volume delineation and functional assessment for head and neck radiation treatment in the future.
Predicting Adverse Drug Effects: A Heterogeneous Graph Convolution Network with a Multi-layer Perceptron Approach
Authors: Chen Y.-H. , Shih Y.-T. , Chien C.-S. , Tsai C.-S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe GCNMLP is implemented on three different datasets of side effects, namely, the SIDER, OFFSIDERS, and FAERS. Our results show that the performance of the GCNMLP on these three datasets is superior to the non-negative matrix factorization method (NMF) and some well-known machine learning methods with respect to various evaluation scales. Moreover, new side effects of drugs can be obtained using the GCNMLP.Author summaryThe GCNMLP enables us to get better drug side effect prediction, which improves personalized medicine prescriptions.