bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application and implementation of telehealth services designed for the elderly population during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review
Authors: Haimi Motti , Gesser-Edelsburg Anat 
Published: February 2022

Background Telehealth has many benefits, in routine care and especially during times of epidemics in which restrictions to direct patient/healthcare-provider interaction exist. Objective To explore the availability, application, and implementation of telehealth services during the Covid-19 era, designed for the aged population (age 65 and more). Methods This systematic review/analysis was conducted by searching the most popular databases including PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. We included studies that clearly defined any use of telemedicine services in any aspect of healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic, aimed at the elderly population, published in peer-reviewed journals. We independently assessed search results, extracted the relevant studies, and assessed their quality. Results 3225 articles were identified after removing duplicates. After reading the full texts of 40 articles, 11 articles were finally included. Among the telehealth services, there were services aimed for triage and control during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, remote monitoring and treatment, follow-ups online meetings for patients residing in health centers, and application of online services. Conclusions Although the elderly population may benefit the most from telehealth services, especially during pandemics and social distancing restrictions, not enough services were developed and implemented to satisfy the needs of this population.
Palmar approach for fixation of metacarpal fractures
Authors: Nazerani Shahram , Okhovatpour Mohammad Ali , Nazerani Tina , Minator Sajjadi Mohammadreza , Faramarzi Behrooz 
Published: February 2022

Between 2018 and 2020, 14 patients with closed metacarpal fractures requiring open reduction were operated on via a palmar approach. Reduction and fixation were done with screws or plates. We assessed range of motion, grip strength, Mayo score, possible nerve damage and cosmesis. The range of motion and grip strength were fully restored by 6 months after operation. Transient paraesthesiae in the digital nerve territory occurred in two patients and had resolved by 3 months. In selected patients the palmar approach for metacarpal shaft fractures can provide satisfactory cosmesis and function of the hand. This method can be useful in patients with history of hypertrophic scarring or in patients who would prefer to avoid a visible scar on the dorsum of the hand. Level of evidence: IV
Neonaticides in the United States—2008-2017
Authors: F. Wilson Rebecca , Klevens Joanne , Fortson Beverly , Williams Dionne , Xu Likan , Yuan Keming 
Published: February 2022

Objective: This study examines factors associated with homicide in the first 24 hours of life (i.e., neonaticide) in the United States. Methods: National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) linked birth-infant death data, for 50 states and the District of Columbia, from 2008 through 2017, were used to examine characteristics associated with neonaticide. National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) data were used to examine circumstances of neonaticides that occurred in 14 states. Circumstances of neonaticides are described, and rates for maternal and infant characteristics are presented as rates per 100,000 person-years. Results: Among neonaticide victims in NVSS (N = 81), those of mothers who are young, unmarried, non-Hispanic, Black, and have lower education levels, are at an increased risk of neonaticide. Further, among mothers in NVDRS who committed neonaticide (N = 42), 66.7% were known to have given birth at a residence, without medical assistance. Approximately three-fourths (73.8%; n = 31) concealed their pregnancy, with 35.7% (n = 15) disposing of their infants in a trash receptacle after giving birth. Additionally, more than half of neonaticide victims were tested for alcohol, opioids, amphetamines, and cocaine, but a relatively small number tested positive for these substances. Conclusions: Results highlight the importance of identifying factors that elevate risk to neonates so these deaths can be prevented. As such, many mothers who commit neonaticide are young, unmarried, and conceal their pregnancy; thus, programs that prevent teen pregnancy, decrease shame and stigma associated with birth to young mothers, and provide support and resources to pregnant women, may help prevent neonaticide.
Treatment outcome and associated factors among patients admitted with acute poisoning in a tertiary hospital in Eastern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Nigussie Shambel , Demeke Fekade , Getachew Melaku , Amare Firehiwot 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Acute poisoning causes morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is scarce of information on acute poisoning in the study area. Objective: To assess treatment outcome and the associated factors among patients admitted with acute poisoning at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. All acutely poisoned patients who had been admitted at the emergency department of Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2020 who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study were included. Data were collected by review of medical records. Poor treatment outcome of acute poisoning was defined as the acutely poisoned patient was died, or survived with disability. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with the outcome of acute poisoning. Result: A total of 175 patient’s medical records were reviewed. Of these, 150 patient’s medical records had complete information and were included in the final analysis. The majority of participants 89 (59.3%) were in the age group of 19–37 years. More than half of the participants 86 (57.3%) were females. Organophosphate was the most poisoning agent encountered in 62 cases. Acetaminophen was the predominant drug poisoning agent encountered in 10 participants. Among 30 patients managed with antidote, 18 patients were treated with atropine for organophosphate poisoning. Of all the poisoning cases admitted during the study period, 16.7% died. Participants who were poisoned by themselves were 2.4 times more likely to have poor treatment outcomes than those who were poisoned accidentally: 2.44 (95% confidence interval: 1.10–5.42). The odd of having poor treatment outcome in participants who were poisoned by drugs was 2.13 more likely: 2.13 (95% confidence interval: 1.21–3.32). Conclusion: Organophosphate was the predominant cause of acute poisoning encountered in 62 cases. The modes of poisoning and drug poisoning were significant risk factors associated with poor treatment outcomes of acute poisoning.
Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Development and Natural History [AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research Priority Number 2]
Authors: Nouri Aria , Tessitore Enrico , Molliqaj Granit , Meling Torstein , Schaller Karl , Nakashima Hiroaki , Yukawa Yasutsugu , Bednarik Josef , Martin Allan R. , Vajkoczy Peter , Cheng Joseph S. , Kwon Brian K. , Kurpad Shekar N. , Fehlings Michael G. , Harrop James S. , Aarabi Bizhan , Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa , Guest James D. , Davies Benjamin M. , Kotter Mark R. N. , Wilson Jefferson R. 
Published: February 2022

Study Design: Narrative review. Objectives: To discuss the current understanding of the natural history of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). Methods: Literature review summarizing current evidence pertaining to the natural history and risk factors of DCM. Results: DCM is a common condition in which progressive arthritic disease of the cervical spine leads to spinal cord compression resulting in a constellation of neurological symptoms, in particular upper extremity dysfunction and gait impairment. Anatomical factors including cord-canal mismatch, congenitally fused vertebrae and genetic factors may increase individuals’ risk for DCM development. Non-myelopathic spinal cord compression (NMSCC) is a common phenomenon with a prevalence of 24.2% in the healthy population, and 35.3% among individuals >60 years of age. Clinical radiculopathy and/or electrophysiological signs of cervical cord dysfunction appear to be risk factors for myelopathy development. Radiological progression of incidental Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (OPLL) is estimated at 18.3% over 81-months and development of myelopathy ranges between 0-61.5% (follow-up ranging from 40 to 124 months between studies) among studies. In patients with symptomatic DCM undergoing non-operative treatment, 20-62% will experience neurological deterioration within 3-6 years. Conclusion: Current estimates surrounding the natural history of DCM, particularly those individuals with mild or minimal impairment, lack precision. Clear predictors of clinical deterioration for those treated with non-operative care are yet to be identified. Future studies are needed on this topic to help improve treatment counseling and clinical prognostication.
A New Framework for Investigating the Biological Basis of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy [AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research Priority Number 5]: Mechanical Stress, Vulnerability and Time
Authors: Davies Benjamin M. , Mowforth Oliver , Gharooni Aref-Ali , Tetreault Lindsay , Nouri Aria , Dhillon Rana S. , Bednarik Josef , Martin Allan R. , Young Adam , Takahashi Hitoshi , Boerger Timothy F. , Newcombe Virginia FJ , Zipser Carl Moritz , Freund Patrick , Koljonen Paul Aarne , Rodrigues-Pinto Ricardo , Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa , Wilson Jefferson R. , Kurpad Shekar N , Fehlings Michael G. , Kwon Brian K. , Harrop James S. , Guest James D. , Curt Armin , Kotter Mark R. N. 
Published: February 2022

Study Design Literature Review (Narrative) Objective To propose a new framework, to support the investigation and understanding of the pathobiology of DCM, AO Spine RECODE-DCM research priority number 5. Methods Degenerative cervical myelopathy is a common and disabling spinal cord disorder. In this perspective, we review key knowledge gaps between the clinical phenotype and our biological models. We then propose a reappraisal of the key driving forces behind DCM and an individual’s susceptibility, including the proposal of a new framework. Results Present pathobiological and mechanistic knowledge does not adequately explain the disease phenotype; why only a subset of patients with visualized cord compression show clinical myelopathy, and the amount of cord compression only weakly correlates with disability. We propose that DCM is better represented as a function of several interacting mechanical forces, such as shear, tension and compression, alongside an individual’s vulnerability to spinal cord injury, influenced by factors such as age, genetics, their cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and nervous system status, and time. Conclusion Understanding the disease pathobiology is a fundamental research priority. We believe a framework of mechanical stress, vulnerability, and time may better represent the disease as a whole. Whilst this remains theoretical, we hope that at the very least it will inspire new avenues of research that better encapsulate the full spectrum of disease.
Optimizing the Application of Surgery for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy [AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research Priority Number 10]
Authors: Rodrigues-Pinto Ricardo , Montenegro Thiago S. , Davies Benjamin M. , Kato So , Kawaguchi Yoshiharu , Ito Manabu , Zileli Mehmet , Kwon Brian K. , Fehlings Michael G. , Koljonen Paul A. , Kurpad Shekar N. , Guest James D. , Aarabi Bizhan , Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa , Wilson Jefferson R. , Kotter Mark R. N. , Harrop James S. 
Published: February 2022

Study Design Literature Review (Narrative). Objective To introduce the number 10 research priority for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Individualizing Surgery. Methods This article summarizes the current recommendations and indications for surgery, including how known prognostic factors such as injury time, age, disease severity, and associated comorbidities impact surgical outcome. It also considers key areas of uncertainty that should be the focus of future research. Results While a small proportion of conservatively managed patients may remain stable, the majority will deteriorate over time. To date, surgical decompression is the mainstay of treatment, able to halt disease progression and improve neurologic function and quality of life for most patients. Whilst this recognition has led to recommendations on when to offer surgery, there remain many uncertainties including the type of surgery, or timing in milder and/or asymptomatic cases. Their clarification has the potential to transform outcomes, by ensuring surgery offers each individual its maximum benefit. Conclusion Developing the evidence to better guide surgical decision-making at the individual patient level is a research priority for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy.
Female Entrepreneurship and Marriage: Does Individualism Matter?
Authors: Dutta Nabamita 
Published: February 2022

The findings with regard to the impact of marital status on female entrepreneurs are ambiguous. Using an extensive individual-level data across countries over six time waves from 1981 to 2014, the article explores the role of a cultural trait—individualism—in affecting the relationship between married females and their self-employment rates. Our results show that for less individualistic societies, married females are 4.3% less likely to be self-employed. For highly individualistic societies, married females are 3.9% less likely to be self-employed. So individualism helps by lessening the magnitude by which the probability for a married female to be self-employed goes down. Identification is established via mitigating omitted variable bias, presenting inverse probability weight estimates and, finally, considering instrumental variable estimates. JEL Classification: L26, O11, Z10
Safety profile of bivalirudin in Chinese female patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a multi-center study
Authors: Wu Fan , Liu Xueying , Ran Huazhong , Tang Qiwei , Zhong Cheng , Wu Yanqing , Xiao Jun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The present study aimed to comprehensively investigate the occurrence and risk factors of adverse events (AEs) or adverse drug reactions (ADRs) (especially for thrombocytopenia and bleeding) in Chinese female patients receiving bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods
A total of 918 female patients from 27 Chinese medical centers took bivalirudin as anticoagulant for PCI were enrolled in this prospective, multi-center, intensive monitoring study. Safety data (AEs, ADRs, thrombocytopenia and bleeding) were collected from admission to 72 h post bivalirudin administration; then, patients were followed up at the 30th day with the safety data collected as well.

Results
One hundred and twenty (13.1%) patients occurred AEs, among which 7 (0.8%) cases experienced severe AEs, and 2 (0.2%) cases died. Besides, 40 (4.4%) patients occurred bivalirudin-related ADRs, in which 3 (0.3%) cases experienced severe ADRs, but 0 (0.0%) cases died. It was of note that 27 (2.9%) and 13 (1.4%) patients experienced thrombocytopenia and bleeding, respectively. Subsequent multivariate analyses observed that: clinical presentation of spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) (odds ratio (OR) = 3.191, P = 0.004), CRUSADE high risk (OR = 2.075, P = 0.031), multiple culprit vessel (OR = 2.328, P = 0.019) independently correlated with higher risk of bivalirudin-related ADRs; clinical presentation of SCAD (OR = 4.388, P = 0.002) and multiple culprit vessel (OR = 2.974, P = 0.010) independently linked with raised thrombocytopenia risk; history of diabetes mellitus (OR = 5.227, P = 0.007) and CRUSADE high risk (OR = 4.475, P = 0.016) were independent factor related to elevated bleeding risk.

Conclusion
Bivalirudin is well tolerated with low ADRs, thrombocytopenia and bleeding incidences in Chinese female patients undergoing PCI.
Visual risk factors for falls in older adults: a case-control study
Authors: Mehta Jignasa , Czanner Gabriela , Harding Simon , Newsham David , Robinson Jude 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Falls are the second leading  cause of accidental deaths worldwide mainly in older people. Older people have poor vision and published evidence suggests that it is a risk factor for falls. Less than half of falls clinics assess vision as part of the multi-factorial assessment of older adults at risk of falls despite vision being an essential input for postural stability. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between all clinically assessed visual functions and falls amongst older adults in a prospective observational individually age-matched case control study.

Methods
Visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity (CS), depth perception, binocular vision and binocular visual field were measured using routinely used clinical methods in falls participants (N = 83) and non-falls participants (N = 83). Data were also collected on socio-demographic factors, general health, number of medications, health quality, fear of falling and physical activity. Logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine key visual and non-visual risk factors for falls whilst adjusting for confounding covariates.

Results
Older adults have an increased risk of experiencing a fall if they have reduced visual function (odds ratio (OR): 3.49, 1.64-7.45, p = 0.001), specifically impaired stereoacuity worse than 85” of arc (OR: 3.4, 1.20-9.69, p = 0.02) and reduced (by 0.15 log unit) high spatial frequency CS (18 cpd) (OR:1.40, 1.12-1.80, p = 0.003). Older adults with a hearing impairment are also at higher risk of falls (OR: 3.18, 95% CI: 1.36-7.40, p = 0.007). The risk decreases with living in a less deprived area (OR: 0.74, 0.64-0.86, <0.001), or socialising more out of the home (OR: 0.75, 0.60-0.93, p = 0.01).

Conclusions
The combination of social, behavioural and biological determinants are significant predictors of a fall. The non-visual risk factors include older adults, living in deprived neighbourhoods, socialising less outside of the home and those who have a hearing impairment. Impaired functional visual measures; depth perception and contrast are significant visual risk factors for falls above visual acuity.
Coexistence of diabetes mellitus and pre-existing cardiovascular disease and mortality in Chinese patients on peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Lei Guangtao , Feng Xiaoran , Wang Xiaoyang , Wen Yueqiang , Peng FenFen , Wang Niansong , Zhan Xiaojiang , Wu Qinghua , Wu Xianfeng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Little is known about the association between the coexistence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).

Methods
A retrospective cohort study of 2939 Chinese incident CAPD patients was conducted between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2018. The primary and secondary outcomes were all-cause and CVD mortality. The association between the coexistence of DM and pre-existing CVD and mortality was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results
Over a median of 35.1 months of follow-up, 519 patients (17.7%) died, with 258 (8.8%) being CVD-related deaths. DM plus pre-existing CVD, DM, and pre-existing CVD were associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.18 to 3.72; adjusted HR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.50 to 2.38; and HR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.92; P for tend < 0.001) and CVD mortality (adjusted HR, 2.79; 95% CI, 1.91 to 4.08; HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.35 to 2.61; and HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.68; P for trend < 0.001) than no DM or pre-existing CVD. Subgroup analyses stratified by sex, hypertension status, and hyperlipidemia status showed a similar pattern.

Conclusions
The coexistence of DM and pre-existing CVD at the start of CAPD was more strongly associated with a higher risk of all-cause and CVD mortality than DM or pre-existing CVD alone.
Prognostic significance of KLF4 in solid tumours: an updated meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Xiaoya , Zhang Yue , Meng Ying , Ji Ming , Wang Yongjun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a zinc finger-containing transcription factor predominantly expressed in terminally differentiated epithelial tissues. Many studies have shown that KLF4 has various mechanisms in different tumours; however, the prognostic role of KLF4 remains unclear.

Methods and results
We searched the relevant literature that evaluated the prognostic value of KLF4 in different cancers, and the original survival data were obtained from the text, tables or Kaplan–Meier curves for both comparative groups. Thirty studies were included in this meta-analysis, and a total of 10 malignant tumours were involved. The expression of KLF4 was not associated with the prognosis for overall survival (hazard ratio(HR)0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.65–1.13, P = 0.28), disease-free survival/recurrence-free survival/metastasis-free survival (HR 0.87, 95% CI: 0.52–1.44, P = 0.58) or disease-specific survival (HR 1.13, 95% CI: 0.44–2.87, P = 0.8).

Conclusion
This study showed that the expression of KLF4 was not related to the prognosis of the tumours that were included in the study.
The feasibility of using life skills training in primary schools to improve mental health and academic performance: a pilot study in Kenya
Authors: Ndetei David M. , Mutiso Victoria N. , Musyimi Christine W. , Alietsi Rita K. , Shanley Jenelle R. , Bhui Kamaldeep S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is no Kenyan evidence on the relationship between mental illness and academic performance. We aimed to determine the effect of life skills training on mental health and academic performance.MethodsWe administered to 1848 primary school children a researcher designed socio-demographic questionnaire, and the Youth Self Report (YSR) and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) to their parents, followed by eight sessions of life skills training. We extracted data from the individual records of each child on overall performance pre and post training separated by one year. We conducted descriptive statistics, paired sample t-tests, multivariate linear regression analysis and linear mixed model analysis to assess changing patterns of academic performance and any predictive characteristics.ResultsThere was significant (p < 0.05) improvement in overall academic performance (aggregate marks and all individual subjects) for both lower primary and upper primary classes after the life-skills training intervention. For lower classes (2-4 grades) increase in academic performance was significantly associated with fathers and mothers education levels, region and class. For upper classes, (5-7 grades) increase in academic performance was associated with region, class and age.ConclusionsLife skills training is recommended as it could improve academic performance, but predicted by socio-demographic factors.