bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discontinuation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Shima Haruko , Kada Akiko , Tanizawa Akihiko , Sato Iori , Tono Chikako , Ito Masaki , Yuza Yuki , Watanabe Akihiro , Kamibeppu Kiyoko , Uryu Hideko , Koh Katsuyoshi , Imai Chihaya , Yoshida Nao , Koga Yuhki , Fujita Naoto , Saito Akiko M. , Adachi Souichi , Ishii Eiichi , Shimada Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe feasibility of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) discontinuation in pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) remains to be fully elucidated.ProceduresTKI was prospectively discontinued in patients who were diagnosed with CML at <20 years of age, treated with TKI for ≥3 years, and sustained molecular response 4.0 (MR4.0) for ≥2 years. Molecular relapse was defined as a single loss of major molecular response (MMR) (BCR‐ABL1IS >0.1%). Relapsed patients resumed the same TKI therapy administered before discontinuation.ResultsTwenty‐two patients with chronic‐phase CML were enrolled, and the median ages at diagnosis and at TKI discontinuation were 9 (range: 1–14) years and 16 (5–26) years, respectively. The median follow‐up time after TKI discontinuation was 37 months (range: 24–41 months). The median duration of TKI treatment before discontinuation was 100 (42–178) months, and that of MR4.0 was 53.5 (25–148) months. The treatment‐free remission (TFR) rate at 12 months was 50.0% (90% confidence interval: 31.7%–65.8%). Eleven patients experienced loss of MMR within 4 months after TKI discontinuation and resumed TKI as originally prescribed. No progression was observed, and all 11 patients regained MR4.0 after TKI resumption. No patient had a withdrawal syndrome. The quality‐of‐life analysis suggested that successful TFR may improve academic performance in some patients. In patients who discontinued TKI therapy before puberty, the possibility of improvement in growth velocity upon TKI discontinuation was observed.ConclusionsTKI could be discontinued safely in patients with pediatric CML showing a sustained deep MR.
Studies on mechanical and fracture properties of basalt/E‐glass fiber reinforced vinyl ester hybrid composites
Authors: G Jeevi , Ranganathan Nalini , Kader M Abdul 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this study, a comparative analysis of basalt, E‐glass and hybrid fiber reinforced vinyl ester composites was carried out. Composites were fabricated using vacuum infusion process with 0°/90° and ±45° as fiber orientation angles. The influence of volume fraction on mechanical behaviors and surface morphology of impact fractured composites were analyzed. The glass and basalt fibers oriented at 0° have shown higher load bearing capability, whereas the fibers oriented at 45° angle have shown higher plastic deformation. Hybridized composite having silane treated glass fibers has shown enhanced mechanical properties including tensile strength, bending strength, toughness, and elongation at break due to good bonding between fibers and polymer matrix. The tough and flexible interface between fiber and matrix dissipates more energy through stress transfer from matrix to fiber, allowing increased resistance to shearing. The impact test of BGS‐0.2 hybrid composite showed 103% and 108% of strength improvement compared to basalt (B‐0) and glass fiber (G‐0) reinforced laminates, respectively. However, the fiber orientation at 45 degree showed reduced the strength and modulus with high elongation. The fractography micrographs of hybrid composites have shown the effectiveness of basalt and glass fiber orientation in the composites and bonding between fiber and matrix indicating flexible interphase between the fiber and matrix during impact loading. The composites added with silane have shown marginal increase in water uptake due to presence of polar functional groups in the coupling agent.
Risk of myopericarditis following COVID‐19 mRNA vaccination in a large integrated health system: A comparison of completeness and timeliness of two methods
Authors: Sharff Katie A. , Dancoes David M. , Longueil Jodi L. , Johnson Eric S. , Lewis Paul F. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeHow completely do hospital discharge diagnoses identify cases of myopericarditis after an mRNA vaccine?MethodsWe assembled a cohort 12–39 year‐old patients, insured by Kaiser Permanente Northwest, who received at least one dose of an mRNA vaccine (Pfizer‐BioNTech or Moderna) between December 2020 and October 2021. We followed them for up to 30 days after their second dose of an mRNA vaccine to identify encounters for myocarditis, pericarditis or myopericarditis. We compared two identification methods: A method that searched all encounter diagnoses using a brief text description (e.g., ICD‐10‐CM code I40.9 is defined as ‘acute myocarditis, unspecified’). We searched the text description of all inpatient or outpatient encounter diagnoses (in any position) for “myocarditis” or “pericarditis.” The other method was developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD), which searched for emergency department visits or hospitalizations with a select set of discharge ICD‐10‐CM diagnosis codes. For both methods, two physicians independently reviewed the identified patient records and classified them as confirmed, probable or not cases using the CDC's case definition.ResultsThe encounter methodology identified 14 distinct patients who met the confirmed or probable CDC case definition for acute myocarditis or pericarditis with an onset within 21 days of receipt of COVID‐19 vaccination. When we extended the search for relevant diagnoses to 30 days since vaccination, we identified two additional patients (for a total of 16 patients) who met the case definition for acute myocarditis or pericarditis, but those patients had been misdiagnosed at the time of their original presentation. Three of these patients had an ICD‐10‐CM code of I51.4 “Myocarditis, Unspecified;” that code was omitted by the VSD algorithm (in the late fall of 2021). The VSD methodology identified 11 patients who met the CDC case definition for acute myocarditis or pericarditis. Seven (64%) of the 11 patients had initial care for myopericarditis outside of a KPNW facility and their diagnosis could not be ascertained by the VSD methodology until claims were submitted (median delay of 33 days; range of 12–195 days). Among those who received a second dose of vaccine (n = 146 785), we estimated a risk as 95.4 cases of myopericarditis per million second doses administered (95% CI, 52.1–160.0).ConclusionWe identified additional valid cases of myopericarditis following an mRNA vaccination that would be missed by the VSD's search algorithm, which depends on select hospital discharge diagnosis codes. The true incidence of myopericarditis is markedly higher than the incidence reported to US advisory committees in the fall of 2021. The VSD should validate its search algorithm to improve its sensitivity for myopericarditis.
The effect of music on accuracy in the Stroop test
Authors: Kim Andrew 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFirst introduced by Frances Raucher, The Mozart Effect is the idea that there is a transient impact of music listening on spatial‐temporal processing. Researchers have found considerable merit to investigate the phenomena. The field has moved beyond the original claims of the Mozart Effect, with the arousal−mood hypothesis as one dominant interpretation. The hypothesis postulates that a modest increase in performance while listening to pleasant, energetic music is understood as a transient consequence of changes in mood and arousal. Therefore, the “Mozart Effect” can influence learning outcomes. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of music through the arousal‐and‐mood hypothesis by using the Stroop task. Subjects were randomly assigned to three conditions Mozart (positive), rock (negative), or no music (control). While working on the stroop task. Participants in all three conditions were assessed with an accuracy score. The results showed that both positively and negatively arousing music enhanced test scores. My study showed that both classical music and rock music had an effect in my experiment. Further studies should be explored if the enhanced cognitive ability can be used for therapeutic purposes.
Registration of ‘S16‐15170C’ soybean: A high‐yielding indeterminate maturity group V cultivar with wide adaptability and multiple disease resistance
Authors: Chen Pengyin , Shannon J. Grover , Canella Vieira Caio , Ali MD Liakat , Lee Dongho , Scaboo Andrew , Crisel Melissa , Smothers Scotty , Clubb Michael , Selves Stewart , Nguyen Henry , Li Zenglu , Mitchum Melissa Goellner , Averitt Ben , Bond Jason P. , Meinhardt Clinton G. , Usovsky Mariola , Li Shuxian , Gillen Anne M. , Mengistu Alemu , Zhang Bo , Mozzoni Leandro Angel , Robbins Robert T. , Moseley David 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWith the rise of novel specialty markets and changes in consumers’ preferences, the demand for high‐yielding, non‐genetically modified (non‐GM) soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars has been steadily increasing over the last decade. Interest from growers in non‐GM soybean cultivars has also increased because they may benefit from premium prices, reduced seed costs, and flexible farming systems. To meet this growing demand, the University of Missouri–Fisher Delta Research, Extension, and Education Center soybean breeding team has developed and released ‘S16‐15170C’ (Reg. no. CV‐550, PI 699900), a high‐yielding conventional soybean cultivar with multiple disease resistance and broad adaptation to the Southern states. S16‐15170C has an indeterminate growth habit and white flowers, gray pubescence, and tan pod wall color. This soybean cultivar has been extensively tested across 12 states from 2017 to 2020 and has outyielded commercial checks in 48 out of 78 environments, with the average yield being 102.7% of checks overall. S16‐15170C is resistant to soybean cyst nematode, stem canker, frogeye leaf spot, sudden death syndrome, brown stem rot, and phytophthora root rot. The combination of high yielding potential, broad adaptability, and multiple disease resistance in a non‐GM genetic background makes S16‐15170C a suitable soybean cultivar choice for growers adopting an alternative farming system and maximizing potential returns during the season.
Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome in the overhead and throwing athlete: A narrative review
Authors: Troyer Wesley , Gardner James E. , Bowers Robert L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThoracic outlet syndrome is an important cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction due to compression of neurovascular structures as they traverse the thoracic outlet. Symptoms are most commonly due to compression of the brachial plexus called neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (nTOS). Throwing athletes are at increased risk of nTOS because of a variety of biomechanical factors. However, because nTOS symptoms are often nonspecific, delayed diagnosis is common. Neurogenic thoracic outlet largely remains a diagnosis of exclusion with advanced imaging ruling out vascular involvement and diagnostic injections gaining favor in helping localize sites of compression. Although rehabilitation alone may improve symptoms in some athletes, many require surgical treatment for long‐term relief. This generally entails decompression of the thoracic outlet by some combination of muscle release, brachial plexus neurolysis, and first rib resection. Outcomes tend to be successful in athletes with most achieving resolution of symptoms and return to athletic activity. NTOS is an important cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction in throwing athletes. The history and physical examination should focus on activities that exacerbate symptoms. Treatment of nTOS generally requires surgical intervention and allows throwing athletes to return to sport.
Insect cell expression and purification of recombinant SARS‐COV‐2 spike proteins that demonstrate ACE2 binding
Authors: Struble Lucas R. , Smith Audrey L. , Lutz William E. , Grubbs Gabrielle , Sagar Satish , Bayles Kenneth W. , Radhakrishnan Prakash , Khurana Surender , El‐Gamal Dalia , Borgstahl Gloria E. O. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic caused by SARS‐CoV‐2 infection has led to socio‐economic shutdowns and the loss of over 5 million lives worldwide. There is a need for the identification of therapeutic targets to treat COVID‐19. SARS‐CoV‐2 spike is a target of interest for the development of therapeutic targets. We developed a robust SARS‐CoV‐2 S spike expression and purification protocol from insect cells and studied four recombinant SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein constructs based on the original SARS‐CoV‐2 sequence using a baculovirus expression system: a spike protein receptor‐binding domain that includes the SD1 domain (RBD) coupled to a fluorescent tag (S‐RBD‐eGFP), spike ectodomain coupled to a fluorescent tag (S‐Ecto‐eGFP), spike ectodomain with six proline mutations and a foldon domain (S‐Ecto‐HexaPro(+F)), and spike ectodomain with six proline mutations without the foldon domain (S‐Ecto‐HexaPro(‐F)). We tested the yield of purified protein expressed from the insect cell lines Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) and Trichoplusia ni (Tni) and compared it to previous research using mammalian cell lines to determine changes in protein yield. We demonstrated quick and inexpensive production of functional glycosylated spike protein of high purity capable of recognizing and binding to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. To further confirm functionality, we demonstrate binding of eGFP fused construct of the spike ectodomain (S‐Ecto‐eGFP) to surface ACE2 receptors on lung epithelial cells by flow cytometry analysis and show that it can be decreased by means of receptor manipulation (blockade or downregulation).
‘Will ye no’ come back again?’: Population challenge and diaspora policy in Scotland
Authors: Leith Murray S. , Sim Duncan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLike many countries, Scotland has its population challenges, including a low birth rate and an ageing population. Some countries have sought to offset these challenges by the promotion of ‘replacement immigration’ or by economic policies to attract migrants. But, as part of the United Kingdom, Scotland lacks many of the policy levers available to promote wide‐ranging socioeconomic development and has no powers over immigration, as this is reserved to the U.K. Government. In this paper, we explore the potential for attracting members of the Scottish diaspora as a means of boosting population growth, using data from a series of surveys we have undertaken during the last decade. Although Scotland's quality of life may be attractive to returners, employment opportunities are crucial. However, the coronavirus pandemic has shown the potential for widening home‐based working and this demonstrates additional possibilities for returners to live in Scotland while working elsewhere.
Microbial nutrient limitation and catalytic adjustments revealed from a long‐term nutrient restriction experiment
Authors: Kumar Amit , Pausch Johanna 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionMicrobial abundance and activities in soils are predominantly determined by soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability. Much research has focused on the effects of soil N than P availability on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities as sensitive proxies of microbial ecophysiology highlighting the need to investigate how microbes will respond to P availability in soil, especially in cropping systems.Materials and MethodsThe effect of P fertilisation on microbial biomass‐C, ‐N and ‐P, and the kinetic parameters (maximal velocity [Vmax], Michaelis constant [Km] and catalytic efficiency [Ka]) of β‐1,4‐glucosidase (BG; C‐acquiring), leucine‐aminopeptidase (LAP; predominantly N‐acquiring) and acid phosphomonoesterase (PHO; P‐acquiring) were measured in a nutrient‐poor agricultural soil (devoid of fertiliser application since 1942).ResultsThis study showed that P fertilisation led to a 65% and 56% increase in microbial biomass‐N and ‐P, respectively, indicating severe P limitation and inefficient N acquisition by microbes without P availability. Increased Ka values of LAP with P fertilisation further hint toward the production of efficient isoenzymes to avoid resource tradeoffs for nutrient acquisition.ConclusionsOverall, these results decipher microbial metabolic and catalytic adjustments mediated by soil P availability. Increased microbial biomass‐N and ‐P with P fertilisation indicated microbial N and P colimitation that was partly overcome by the production of efficient enzymes for N acquisition with P fertilisation. We argue to incorporate microbial enzyme activities as a response to different management strategies to better inform us about soil biogeochemical cycles in cropping systems.
Induction of Phenol Hydroxylase from Aspergillus niger and Its Optimization
Authors: Bilgi Mesut , Peksel Aysegul 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPhenol is a harmful substance that can be present in many industrial wastewaters. Chemical phenol removal is feasible, but the procedure is challenging and expensive. Biological phenol removal is possible under mild conditions with enzymes. Phenol hydroxylase is the main enzyme for phenol removal. In this study, phenol hydroxylase was induced from filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger. The results have shown that it is possible to use Aspergillus niger as a phenol hydroxylase source, but the enzyme has activity in limited temperature and pH conditions. The optimal working conditions of the enzyme are 30 °C and pH 6.5. The enzyme has moderate storage and thermal stability, and various compounds inhibit it.
A Review of the Application of Heterostructure Catalysts in Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Dong Shizhi , Li Yanshuai , Zhao Zhilong , Li Ruichuan , He Jiaqi , Yin Jinpeng , Yan Bing , Zhang Xing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHydrogen energy as a significant part of clean energy in the future has been widely studied. Hydrogen production from electric cracking water is the most effective and mature development method at present. Heterostructured electrocatalysts are favored due to their low overpotential, excellent assembly structure and good electron transfer ability. Consequently this paper reviews the development of heterogeneous electrocatalysts, the measurement parameters of electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and related research progress, and gives the hydrogen evolution mechanism in acidic, alkaline and neutral environments. Finally, we explain the essential development direction and severe challenges in this field.
Effect of Humic Acid on the Adsorption/Desorption Behaviors of Trivalent Chromium on Calcium Modified Montmorillonite and Kaolinite
Authors: Xu Xinyu , Li Yan , Hu Xinjiang , Xie Guangyu , Xu Hao , Gao Mengxi , Zhang Xuefei , Zhang Riqing , Tang Chunfang , Hu Xi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe interactions between Cr(III) and calcium ion modified montmorillonite or kaolinite (Ca−Mt or Ca−Kaol) in the absence and presence of humic acid (HA) were investigated by batch equilibrium experiments under different pH values. A linear additive model was introduced to extrapolate the solid‐liquid distribution of Cr(III) in ternary systems by using Kd values obtained from binary systems among clay mineral, Cr, and HA. The different affinity of Cr(III) between HA and clay minerals had great effects on the Cr(III) adsorption in the ultimate ternary system. Ca−Mt showed a better adsorption ability for Cr(III) due to the superior physicochemical properties compared to Ca−Kaol. The adsorption‐desorption isotherms were used to study the reversibility of Cr(III) sorption in the binary and ternary systems, and the physicochemical characterization explored the main mechanism of Cr(III) immobilization by clay minerals including cation exchange and surface complex.
Halo‐Substituted Blatter Radicals and Their Role in Modulating Magnetic Interaction in Metal Complexes: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Kapurwan Sandhya , Gupta Arindam , Mondal Arpan , Konar Sanjit 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHerein, we report the synthesis, structure, and magnetic properties of three new halo‐substituted benzotriazinyl radicals (Rad3a‐3c where a=Cl, b=Br, c=I) and two metal complexes [M(hfac)2(Rad3c)⋅CHCl3](M=Cu(II) (1), Zn(II) (2) and hfac: hexafluoroacetylacetonate) as representative examples. Structural analyses disclose that all the radicals are isostructural. Compared to the reported benzotriazinyl radicals, the N4 atom of pyridine flips opposite to the spin bearing (N1) centre, and it is stabilized by secondary C−H⋅⋅⋅N interaction. The π⋅⋅⋅π stacking interaction between the spin bearing centre and pyridyl ring decreases as the size of the halogen increases from ‐Cl to ‐I. The stacking distance is substantially longer than the other coordinating benzotriazinyl radicals reported so far. The dc magnetic studies reveal the presence of strong intermolecular antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between the radical dimers, which decreases in the order of Rad3a→Rad3b→Rad3c. Complex 1 shows a strong intramolecular through‐bond metal‐radical ferromagnetic interaction, whereas a weak intermolecular through‐space radical⋅⋅⋅radical antiferromagnetic exchange interaction is observed in complex 2. Furthermore, the broken symmetry (BS)‐DFT calculations were performed to get more insight into the exchange interaction for all the radicals and metal complexes.
Recent Examples in the Synthesis and Functionalization of C−H Bonds in Pyrrolo/Indolo [1,2‐a]Quinoxalines
Authors: Le Huy X. , Nguyen Tung T. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAs important molecules that find ubiquitous applications in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry, and functional materials, pyrrolo/indolo [1,2‐a]quinoxalines have attracted substantial attention. This review features recent development, since 2019, on methods for synthesis of such fused N,N‐heterocycles. In addition, the latest examples related to direct functionalization of C−H bonds in pyrrolo/indolo [1,2‐a]quinoxalines will be discussed as well.
TBHP‐Mediated Selenocyclization of N‐Allylbenzamides/Benzthioamides via In‐Situ Generation of “PhSeOH” Species**
Authors: Makhal Priyanka N. , Dannarm Srinivas Reddy , Shaikh Arbaz Sujat , Sonti Rajesh , Kaki Venkata Rao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA simple tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)‐mediated method has been developed to construct selenated oxazolines/thiazolines under microwave irradiation. The selenocyclization of N‐allylbenzamides/benzthioamides could be achieved owing to the addition of an active electrophilic selenium species, generated in situ from diphenyl diselenide on reacting with TBHP, at their olefinic site. The reaction mechanism was confirmed by intercepting and characterizing all the proposed intermediates by ESI‐QTOF‐MS and NMR study. This method offers several advantages including simpler reaction conditions, shorter reaction time, catalyst‐free, thus rendering a competent alternative to the synthesis of selenated oxazolines/thiazolines in yields of upto 95 %.