bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of actual and predicted resting metabolic rate in women with lipedema
Authors: Jeziorek Małgorzata , Szuba Andrzej , Kujawa Krzysztof , Regulska-Ilow Bożena 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: An adequate dietary energy supply is particularly important in patients with lipedema as it promotes weight and fat loss. Accurate estimation of resting metabolic rate (RMR) allows implementing a proper calorie restriction diet in patients with lipedema. Therefore, an accurate assessment of energy demand in patients with lipedema is crucial in clinical practice. Our study aimed to compare actual resting metabolic rate (aRMR) with predicted resting metabolic rate (pRMR) in women with lipedema and to determine the association between individual anthropometric measurements and aRMR.Methods: A total of 108 women diagnosed with lipedema were enrolled in the study. aRMR was measured by indirect calorimetry (IC) using FitMate WM metabolic system (Cosmed, Rome, Italy). pRMR was estimated with predictive equations and BIA. All anthropometric measurements were based on BIA (bioelectric impedance analysis).Results: The mean aRMR in the study group was 1705.2 ± 320.7 kcal/day. Most methods of predicted RMR measurement used in our study significantly underpredicted aRMR in patients with lipedema. We reported statistically significant high correlations between all anthropometric measurements and aRMR/pRMR and a moderate correlation between visceral fat level (VFL) and aRMR. Conclusions: aRMR in patients with lipedema calculated with predictive equations was significantly lower than aRMR measured with other methods. This study found the agreement of predictive equations compared to IC is low (<60%). Fat-free mass (FFM) is a stronger determinant of RMR in patients with lipedema than fat mass.
The Changes of Willow Biomass Characteristics During the Composting Process and Their Phytotoxicity Effect on Sinapis Alba L.
Authors: Sowiński Józef , Jama-Rodzeńska Anna , Perera Peliyagodage 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study evaluated the use of willow chips for compost production and its effect on Sinapis alba L. germination index and seedling growth. A compost experiment with willow biomass was conducted to study its effect on selected compost indexes (particle structure in %, bulk density (kg m-3 ), and total nitrogen content). The quality assessment of the willow composts was determined after six months of composting process based on the N content and morphological characteristics of tested plant in vegetative chamber. Sinapis alba L. was germinated on a water extract made from willow compost using the following additives to willow biomasses: W0 - without additives, WN - with the addition of nitrogen, WF - with the addition of mycelium, WNF - with the addition of nitrogen and mycelium. During the composting process, samples were taken after each mixing of the bio-mass pile to assess their maturity through the use of a bioassay. Willow biomass did not have a negative effect on biological evaluation parameters, and in some indicators, such as the length of embryonic roots in the VI period of the measurements, it was stimulating (61-84% longer in W0 and WF than in the control). The addition of nitrogen during the composting process, especially in the initial composting period, had a strong inhibitory effect.
Management of Chronic Anal Fissure With A Novel Topical Hemp-Herbal Based Ointment - A Pilot Study
Authors: Ram Edward , Zager Yaniv , Meyer Raanan , Carter Dan , Joubran Samia , Horesh Nir 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Anal fissure (AF) is a common anorectal disease. Although several pharmacological treatments are available, many patients still require surgical interventions. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an ointment based on a multi-functional blend of herbal ingredients including hemp (ProctoFiz) for chronic AF.
Methods
A single arm questionnaire-based prospective study was conducted in a large tertiary center to evaluate the outcomes of patients suffering from chronic AF treated with topical ProctoFiz.
Results
Ninety-two patients were included in the study, 54 (58.7%) were females with a median age of 39 (range 17–78). 32 patients (34.7%) suffered from recurrent AF before enrolling in the study and 5 patients (5.4%) underwent previous surgical interventions for AF. Three patients (3.2%) were lost to follow-up leaving 89 patients for analysis. Eighty patients (89.9%) reported significant improvement of symptoms after one week using ProctoFiz, and 79 patients reported continued improvement after one month of treatment. The mean Pain Visual Analog Score (VAS) declined by 6.6 points (8.9 vs. 2.3; 95% CI − 7.20 to -5.99, p < 0.0001) following one week of treatment, with continuous improvement to a mean of 0.64 after one month. Negative impact on Quality of Life (QoL) significantly decreased from a mean 8.8 to a 0.38 following a month of treatment (p < 0.0001), with significant reduction in the number of patients suffering from bleeding following bowel movements (64.1–2.5%; p = 0.0001).
Conclusion
Hemp based topical treatment of AF is feasible and significantly improves AF correlated symptoms.
Definition and Quantified Research of Track Structural Damage Index of High-speed Railway Girder Bridge
Authors: Hu Zhangliang , Wei Biao , Jiang Lizhong , Li Shanshan , Min Haozheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The classification and quantitative description of damage of track structure for high-speed railway girder bridges (HRGBs) are still in the exploratory stage, which seriously interferes with the performance-based seismic damage assessment of HRGBs. In view of this, firstly, from the safety and stability of train operation, this paper defines the damage grade of track structure (intact, slight, moderate, severe and complete damage state) by refining the train operation index value. Secondly, based on the simple supported and continuous girder bridge structures of high-speed railway, the train-track-bridge system (TTBS) model is established, and the additional lateral irregularities of the rail caused by the lateral deform of the girder after the earthquake are induced. Finally, the influence of the lateral displacement amplitude of the rail and the train velocity on the train safety and stability is discussed. The results indicate that the rail lateral displacement by the reverse translation of the adjacent simply supported spans and the reverse rotation of the adjacent simply supported spans have the greatest impact on the train safety and stability, respectively. The lateral displacement of rail is proposed as an index to measure the damage of the track structure, and its critical value corresponding to each damage grade in the range of train velocity from 200km/h to 400km/h is determined, which can be used for the seismic vulnerability analysis of track structures for HRGBs.
Molecular Characterization of a Novel Virga-like Virus Associated to Wheat
Authors: Li Hua , Guo Jun , Ye Zhuangxin , Zhao ZhongHua , Chen Jianping , Yang Jian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this work, we report the detection of a novel single strand RNA virus from wheat，tentatively named as Triticum aestivum-associated virga-like virus 1 (TaAVLV1). Further characterization revealed that the complete genome of TaAVLV1 can be divided into two segments, RNA1 and RNA2. Each fragment excluding their respective polyA tails has 3530 and 3466 nt in length and contains only one open reading frame (ORF). The ORF in RNA1 encodes an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), while the other in RNA2 encodes a putative protein carrying MET and HEL domains. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the RdRp of TaAVLV1 was closely related to the RdRp protein members of the unclassified virga-like virus group in the family Virgaviridae. Therefore, we have identified TaAVLV1 as a putative novel virga-like virus belonging to the family Virgaviridae.
The Project ENABLE Cornerstone Randomized Controlled Trial: Study Protocol for a Lay Navigator-Led, Early Palliative Care Coaching Intervention for African American and Rural-Dwelling Advanced Cancer Family Caregivers
Authors: Bechthold Avery C. , Azuero Andres , Pisu Maria , Pierce Jennifer Young , Williams Grant R. , Taylor Richard A. , Wells Rachel , Curry Kayleigh , Reed Rhiannon D. , Harrell Erin R. , Gazaway Shena , Mollman Sarah , Engler Sally , Puga Frank , Bakitas Marie A. , Dionne-Odom James Nicholas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Family caregivers play a vital, yet stressful role in managing the healthcare needs and optimizing the quality of life of patients with advanced cancer, from the time they are newly-diagnosed until end of life. While early telehealth palliative care has been found to effectively support family caregivers, little work has focused on historically under-resourced populations, particularly African American and rural-dwelling individuals. To address this need, we developed and are currently testing Project ENABLE (Educate, Nurture, Advise, Before Life Ends) Cornerstone, a lay navigator-led, early palliative care coaching intervention for family caregivers of African American and rural-dwelling patients with newly-diagnosed advanced cancer.
Methods
This is a 2-site, single-blind, hybrid type I implementation-effectiveness trial of the Cornerstone intervention versus usual care. Cornerstone is a multi-component intervention based on Pearlin’s Stress-Health Process Model where African American and/or rural-dwelling family caregivers of patients with newly-diagnosed advanced cancer (target sample size = 294 dyads) are paired with a lay navigator coach and receive a series of six, brief 20–60 minute telehealth sessions focused on stress management and coping, caregiving skills, getting help, self-care, and preparing for the future/advance care planning. Subsequent to core sessions, caregivers receive monthly follow-up indefinitely until the patient’s death. Caregiver and patient outcomes are collected at baseline and every 12 weeks until the patient’s death (Primary outcome: caregiver distress at 24 weeks; Secondary outcomes: caregiver: quality of life and burden; patient: distress, quality of life, and healthcare utilization). Implementation costs and the intervention cost effectiveness are also being evaluated.
Discussion
Should this intervention demonstrate efficacy, it would yield an implementation-ready model of early palliative care support for under-resourced family caregivers. A key design principle that has centrally informed the Cornerstone intervention is that every caregiving situation is unique and each caregiver faces distinct challenges that cannot be addressed using a one-size-fits all approach. Hence, Cornerstone employs culturally savvy lay navigator coaches who are trained to establish a strong, therapeutic alliance with participants and tailor their coaching to a diverse range of individual circumstances.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04318886. Registered 20 March, 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT04318886
A Qualitative Study of VA Stakeholders’ Experiences Discussing Community Care with Veterans
Authors: Golden Sara , Lafferty Megan , Tyzik Anna , Govier Diana , Barton Jennifer , Teo Alan , Edwards Samuel , Ono Sarah , Hynes Denise , Slatore Christopher 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Veterans have access to community care, which is covered through Veterans Health Administration (VHA) benefits. However, in 2018, the Maintaining Internal Systems and Strengthening Integrated Outside Networks (MISSION) Act (Government bill S.2372) was passed, which allows for more Veterans to be eligible for the VHA-purchased health care provided by community clinicians (i.e., “community care). The current study aims to describe the process of community care coordination, assess experiences of Veterans Affairs stakeholders around patient decision-making for where to receive care, and identify opportunities for improvement. Methods: Primary interview data were collected from VA clinicians and staff across the United States between February and October 2020. We conducted qualitative interviews with 20 clinicians and staff involved in Veterans’ decisions about where to receive their health care. We focused on experiences with the MISSION Act; communication with Veterans about care options; and suggestions to support decision-making related to community care. We professionally transcribed and de-identified the interviews. We utilized a rapid analysis process of the transcripts.Results: First, participants reported having insufficient time or knowledge to help Veterans make decisions about receiving community care. Second, participants were concerned about the quality of care outside of VA. Third, the referral process is complicated, and it would be helpful for clinicians and patients to have more access to information about the process. Lastly, coordination and continuity of care are highly important aspects of care but were hard to manage when patients use community health care. Participants worried that patients may not realize the implications of using community health care.Conclusions: Veterans need to be able to make informed choices about where to receive their health care and may require decision support that integrates their informational needs with their values and preferences surrounding health care quality, coordination, and Veteran-centeredness. VA may be able to leverage existing decision support tools that incorporate patient preferences and values, modify them to include data on the quality of VA and community care and implications of choosing community health care.
Femoral Pulse Pressure Variation is not Interchangeable with Radial Pulse Pressure Variation During Living Donor Liver Transplantation.
Authors: Kim Doyeon , Ahn Jin Hee , Han Sangbin , Choi Young Woong , Ko Justin Sangwook , Gwak Mi Sook , Lee Su Nam , Kim Gaab Soo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The radial artery is commonly used as the site measuring pulse pressure variation (PPV) during surgery. Accurate measurement of circulating blood volume and timely interventions to maintain optimal circulating blood volume is important to deliver sufficient oxygen to tissues and organs. It has not rather than never studied in patients undergoing liver transplantation whether PPV measured at peripheral sites, like the radial artery, do represent central PPV for evaluating blood volume. In this retrospective study, 51 liver transplant recipients were enrolled. The two PPVs had been automatically recorded every minute in electrical medical record. A total 1,878 pairs of the two PPVs were collected. The interchangeability of PPV measured at the radial and the femoral artery was analysed by using the Bland-Altman plot, four-quadrant plot, the Cohen's kappa (k), and receiver operating curve. The bias and limits of agreement of the two PPVs were − 1.3% and − 8.8–6.2%, respectively. The percentage error was 75%. The concordance rate was 65%. The Kappa of PPV-radial determining whether PPV-femoral was > 13% or ≤ 13% was 0.64. We found that PPV-radial is not interchangeable with PPV-femoral during liver transplantation. Also, PPV-radial failed to reliably track changes of PPV-femoral. Lastly, the clinical decision regarding blood volume status (depletion or not) is significantly different between the two PPVs. Therefore, PPV-femoral may help maintain blood volume circulating to major organs including the newly transplanted liver graft for liver transplant recipients.
Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence Genes, and Phylogenetic Characteristics of Pathogenic Escherichia Coli Isolated From Patients and Swine Suffering From Diarrhea
Authors: Do Kyung-Hyo , Seo Kwang-Won , Lee Wan-Kyu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Escherichia (E.) coli causes colibacillosis in swine and humans, and is frequently associated with antimicrobial resistance. In this study we aimed to compare antimicrobial resistance, O-serogroups, virulence genes, and multi-locus sequence type of E. coli between isolates from pigs and patients suffering from diarrhea, and the most prevalent pathogenic E. coli strain from swine isolates in Korea. Methods: We tested 64 and 50 E. coli strains from pigs and patients suffering from diarrhea for antimicrobial susceptibility test, virulence genes, O-serogroups, and multi-locus sequence typing. Results: We confirmed that isolates from swine showed significantly higher resistance than from those from patients, especially to fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin: 37.5% and 10.0%; norfloxacin: 29.7% and 8.0%, respectively). Stx1 (23 isolates, 46.0%) was most frequently detected in patients followed by stx2 (19 isolates, 38.0%). There was no significant difference in stx2 (swine: 23.4%, patients: 38.0%). In isolates from patients, O157 (12.0%) was the most prevalent O-serogroup, and two isolates (3.1%) from pigs were confirmed to have O157. Additionally, sequence type (ST) 10 (swine: 6 isolates, patients: 2 isolates) and ST 88 (swine: 2 isolates, patients: 1 isolate) were simultaneously detected. Conclusions: We confirmed that isolates from both pigs and patients had similar virulence traits and they were phylogenetically similar. Moreover, antimicrobial resistance was significantly higher in pigs than in patients. These results suggest that there are risks for cross-infection and transfer of antimicrobial resistance between pigs and human.
Automated fish detection and tracking system using pre-trained Mask R-CNN for Ecological biodiversity
Authors: Mana Suja Cherukullapurath , Sasipraba T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, propose a new dynamic classifying algorithm which supports fully automatic fish detection and tracking system to identify fish species and to track fish activities for understanding synapomorphies characteristic simultaneously. The pre-trained Mask Regional Convolutional Neural Network (Mask-R-CNN) is involved for having well-enhanced feature vectors derived after undergone with number of test samples taken from captured video footage. Hence, the proposed framework is noticed as pre-trained Mask-R-CNN. It improves the system function of automatic fish detection and tracking to enhance the underwater surveillance for monitoring ecological biodiversity. The available ground–truth dataset is used to evaluate the system precisian, F1-score, and recall in terms of classifying and tracking mechanism. The comparative analysis is made with existing tracking R-CNN algorithms such as minimum output sum of squared errors (MOSSE), sequential non-maximum suppression (Seq-NMS) and Siamese mask (SiamMask). Simulation results conveys that the proposed algorithm support effective fish detection (i.e. around 120 out of 170 individual bream) and accuracy of the pre-trained Mask-R-CNN (87%) as compared with MOSSE (75%), Seq-NMS (78%), and SiamMask (84%) respectively. Thus, the evaluation result shows, the proposed pre-trained Mask-R-CNN achieves reasonable improvement in accuracy (detection and tracking) which give potential benefits to ocean ecosystem for establishing the ecological management.
Mutational topography reflects clinical neuroblastoma heterogeneity
Authors: Henssen Anton , Rodriguez-Fos Elias , Burkert Martin , Maldonado Montserrat Puiggròs , Toedling Joern , Thiessen Nina , Blanc Eric , Szymansky Annabell , Hertwig Falk , Beule Dieter , Torrents David , Eggert Angelika , Koche Richard , Schwarz Roland , Haase Kerstin , Schulte Johannes 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a pediatric solid tumor characterized by strong clinical heterogeneity. Although certain complex genomic alterations, such as extrachromosomal DNA amplifications (ecDNA), have been recurrently detected in neuroblastomas, the mutational processes involved in their generation remain largely unclear. By examining the topography of complex rearrangements along with mutational signatures derived from all variant classes, we identify previously unrecognized co-occurring mutational footprints, which we termed mutational scenarios. We demonstrate that clinical neuroblastoma heterogeneity is linked to differences in the processes driving these mutational scenarios. Whereas high-risk MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma genomes were characterized by signs of replication slippage and stress, homologous recombination-associated signatures defined high-risk non-MYCN-amplified patients. Non-high-risk neuroblastomas, on the other hand, were marked by footprints of chromosome missegregation. This analysis provides a systematic perspective on the repertoire of mutational patterns that contribute to clinical neuroblastoma heterogeneity.
Autoregressive count data modeling on mobility patterns to predict cases of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Zhao Jing , Han Mengjie , Wang Zhenwu , Wan Benting 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
At the beginning of 2022 the global daily count of new cases of COVID-19 exceeded 3.2 million, a tripling of the historical peak value reported between the initial outbreak of the pandemic and the end of 2021. Aerosol transmission through interpersonal contact is the main cause of the disease’s spread, although control measures have been put in place to reduce contact opportunities. Mobility pattern is a basic mechanism for understanding how people gather at a location and how long they stay there. Due to the inherent dependencies in disease transmission, models for associating mobility data with confirmed cases need to be individually designed for different regions and time periods. In this paper, we propose an autoregressive count data model under the framework of a generalized linear model to illustrate a process of model specification and selection. By evaluating a 14-day-ahead prediction from Sweden, the results showed that for a dense population region, mobility data with a lag of 8 days is most reliable way of predicting the number of confirmed cases in relative numbers at a high coverage rate. It is sufficient for both of the autoregressive terms, studied variable and conditional expectation, to take one day back. For sparsely populated regions, a lag of 10 days produced the lowest error in absolute value for the predictions, where weekly periodicity on the studied variable is recommended for use. Interventions were further included to identify the most relevant mobility categories. Statistical features were also presented to verify the model assumptions.
Improved retrospectively gated in-vivo microCT for simultaneous assessment of lung function and anatomy in mice
Authors: Dullin Christian , Svetlove Angelika , Zschüntzsch Jana , Alves Frauke 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Retrospective gating (RG) is a well established technique in preclinical computed tomography (CT) to assess 3D morphology of the lung. In RG additional angular projections are recorded typically by performing multiple rotations. Consequently, the projections are sorted according to the expansion state of the chest and those sets are then reconstructed separately. Thus, the breathing motion artefacts are suppressed at a cost of strongly elevated x-ray dose levels. Here we propose to use the entire raw data to assess lung function in addition to retrospectively gated 3D reconstruction that visualize anatomical structures of the lung. Using this novel RG based x-ray lung function approach (RG based XLF) on the example of the mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscle dystrophy (mdx) we accurately obtained both the 3D anatomical morphology of the lung and the thoracic bones as well as the functional temporal parameters of the lung. Thus, RG-based XLF will remove the necessity for separate acquisition procedures by being able to reproduce comparable lung function results in a single low dose CT scan.