bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights into the stable isotope ratio variability of hybrid grape varieties: a preliminary study
Authors: Perini Matteo , Roman Tomas , Lanz Simon , Moser Sergio , Pianezze Silvia , Camin Federica 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDOfficial stable isotope databases, based on the analysis of (D/H)I ethanol, (D/H)II ethanol, δ13Cethanol and δ18Owater of wine, are an indispensable tool for establishing the limits beyond which the mislabeling or the addition of sugar and/or water in wine production can be detected. The present study investigates, for the first time, whether the use of hybrid varieties instead of European Vitis vinifera for wine production can have an impact on the stable isotope ratios.RESULTSThe analyses were performed by isotope ratio mass spectrometry and site‐specific natural isotope fractionation by nuclear magnetic resonance, in accordance with the official methods of the International Organization of Grapes and Wine. The comparison shows the tendency of some stable isotope ratios of hybrid varieties, in particular (D/H)I, to deviate from the regional averages of the V. vinifera samples. Notably, Baron, Monarch and Regent showed significantly different values at one of the two sampling sites. Particularly high δ13C values characterize Helios compared to other hybrid varieties.CONCLUSIONFor the first time, and from an isotopic point of view, the present study investigates the wine obtained from hybrid varieties, showing that further attention should be paid to their interpretation, on the basis of the database established according to the European Regulation 2018/273. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Density surface and excursion sets modeling as an approach to estimating population densities
Authors: Camp Richard J. , Asing Chauncey K. , Banko Paul C. , Berry Lainie , Brinck Kevin W. , Farmer Chris , Genz Ayesha S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEffective species management and conservation require knowledge of species distribution and status. We used point‐transect distance sampling surveys of the endangered palila (Loxioides bailleui), a honeycreeper currently found only on the Island of Hawai'i, USA, to generate robust estimates of total abundance and simultaneously model the distribution, abundance, and spatial correlation of the species as a density surface model (DSM). Point‐transect distance sampling is a widely applied method to estimate bird densities accounting for imperfect detection probability. For the DSM we used a generalized additive model framework and soap film smoothers to control the effects of boundary features. This modeling approach allowed us to account for imperfect detection and propagate detection probability uncertainty. We compared the uncertainty in palila abundance estimates using standard point‐transect distance sampling to estimates from the DSM. The DSM, accounting for both distance‐sampling‐derived detection probability variance and the generalized additive model density estimate variance, did not improve population estimator precision; however, it provided insight into the species' distribution, density, and uncertainty. We also applied excursion sets analysis to objectively identify areas where the species occurs in high densities. The 2017 global population of <2,000 individuals was limited to an excursion area of 1,500 ha. Our findings can help management and regulatory agencies by simultaneously mapping a species' distribution and density, improving survey protocols, and providing information important to species conservation.
Hansen Solubility Parameters (HSPs): A Reliable Tool for Assessing the Selectivity of Pristine and Hybrid Polymer Nanocomposites in the Presence of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Mixtures
Authors: Ollé Enric Perarnau , Casals‐Terré Jasmina , Martínez Joan Antoni López , Farré‐Lladós Josep 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPolymeric materials are widely employed for monitoring volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Compared to other sensitive materials, polymers can provide a certain degree of selectivity, based on their chemical affinity with organic solvents. The addition of conductive nanoparticles within the polymer layer is a common practice in recent years to improve the sensitivity of these materials. However, it is still unclear the effect that the nanoparticles have on the selectivity of the polymer membrane and vice versa. The current work proposes a methodology based on the Hansen solubility parameters, for assessing the selectivity of both pristine and hybrid polymer nanocomposites. The impedance response of thin polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films is compared to the response of hybrid polymer films, based on the addition of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). With the addition of just 1 wt.% of MWCNTs, fabricated sensors showcased a significant improvement in sensitivity, faster response times, as well as enhanced classification of non‐polar analytes (>22% increase) compared to single PDMS layers. The methodology proposed in this work can be employed in the future to assess and predict the selectivity of polymers in single or array‐based gas sensors, microfluidic channels, and other analytical devices for the purpose of VOCs discrimination.
Abelianization and fixed point properties of units in integral group rings
Authors: Bächle Andreas , Janssens Geoffrey , Jespers Eric , Kiefer Ann , Temmerman Doryan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLetGbe a finite group and the unit group of the integral group ring . We prove a unit theorem, namely, a characterization of when satisfies Kazhdan's property , both in terms of the finite groupGand in terms of the simple components of the semisimple algebra . Furthermore, it is shown that for , this property is equivalent to the weaker property (i.e., every subgroup of finite index has finite abelianization), and in particular also to a hereditary version of Serre's property , denoted . More precisely, it is described when all subgroups of finite index in have both finite abelianization and are not a nontrivial amalgamated product. A crucial step for this is a reduction to arithmetic groups , where is an order in a finite‐dimensional semisimple ‐algebraD, and finite groupsG, which have the so‐called cut property. For such groupsG, we describe the simple epimorphic images of . The proof of the unit theorem fundamentally relies on fixed point properties and the abelianization of the elementary subgroups of . These groups are well understood except in the degenerate case of lower rank, that is, for with an order in a division algebraDwith a finite number of units. In this setting, we determine Serre's property FA for and its subgroups of finite index. We construct a generic and computable exact sequence describing its abelianization, affording a closed formula for its ‐rank.
CD3‐T‐cell‐engager (TCE) therapies to overcome solid tumors: Beyond BiTEs
Authors: Zhang Jiali , Guo Qianqian , Wang Quan , Duan Yourong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCD3‐T‐cell‐engager (TCE) therapies, such as bispecific T‐cell engagers (BiTEs), have achieved extraordinary success in treating hematological malignancies and have shown therapeutic effects comparable with those of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T therapies. However, solid tumors are challenging to treat with TCE therapies due to tumor heterogeneity, limited tumor enrichment, an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), a lack of pre‐existing tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), serious on‐target off‐tumor toxicity, and so forth. Thanks to the increased understanding of resistance mechanisms and novel technologies, the next generation of TCE therapies for solid tumors is emerging. We focus on summarizing the latest progress in CD3‐based TCE therapies and discussing the future perspective of TCE therapeutic strategies against solid tumors. This perspective highlighted novel multitarget TCE therapies that integrated multiple functionalities to enhance antitumor efficacy while minimizing off‐target toxicity. Furthermore, TCE therapies also could be rationally combined with other antitumor therapeutics, including oncolytic viruses, CAR‐T cells, and immune checkpoint blockade. Moreover, TCEs should not be limited to redirecting polyclone T cells to tumor cells. The development of novel TCEs to bridge T cells and other cells in the TME is also promising. This perspective motivates the development of the new TCE therapies strategy to broaden the armamentarium of CD3‐TCE therapies and overcome solid tumors.
Terahertz monolithic integrated coplanar band‐pass filter based on slotline mode
Authors: Liu Yuchen , Yang Lin‐An , Li Yang , Liu Siyu , Hao Yue 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this letter, a terahertz monolithic integrated planar band‐pass filter based on coplanar waveguide (CPW) resonators has been proposed. By adopting the feeding line in form of a slotline, the need for air‐bridges in traditional CPW filters is eliminated, achieving good integrability and reducing fabrication difficulty. To further improve the filtering performance, the defected ground structure is used in the design, introducing a finite transmission zero at the lower sideband. The filter is manufactured on the semi‐insulation silicon carbide (SiC) substrate, to fit the existing advanced GaN‐on‐SiC monolithic integration system. Measurement reveals the fractional band‐width of 5.7% at the center frequency of 279 GHz, with an insertion loss of 5.1 dB. With a volume of 500 × 400 × 50 μm (0.45 × 0.36 × 0.045 λ0), the proposed filter improves the performance of the planar filter operating at the terahertz band effectively.
Full‐field out‐of‐plane vibration displacement acquisition based on speckle‐projection digital image correlation and its application in damage localization
Authors: Cao Shancheng , Yan Jinwei , Nian Haibo , Xu Chao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStereo‐digital image correlation (Stereo‐DIC) has been widely explored for modal analysis in plate‐type structures due to its noncontact and full‐field advantages. However, when the traditional stereo‐DIC is adopted to capture the out‐of‐plane displacements, several challenging issues exist such as the development of surface speckles, asynchronous camera recording, and efficiency and accuracy degradation due to high computation costs. Moreover, with the captured out‐of‐plane displacements, effective and efficient evaluation of the high spatial resolution mode shapes and their application to damage localization are also critical problems. To tackle these issues, a speckle‐projection DIC technique using a single high‐speed camera is proposed to obtain the out‐of‐plane vibration displacements. Moreover, an enhanced peak‐picking modal analysis method is adopted to enhance the estimation accuracy and efficiency of mode shapes. In addition, the low‐rank property of mode shapes in an intact state and the spatial sparse property of damage locations are harnessed for the detection of damage positions without requiring reference data on the healthy state. Finally, the modal analysis and damage localization results based on the proposed speckle‐projection DIC are compared with those of the traditional two‐camera stereo‐DIC technique to verify its feasibility and effectiveness. It is found that the differences in the identified resonant frequencies between these two methods are smaller than 1% for higher modes. Moreover, the proposed speckle‐projection DIC has the same accuracy as the traditional two‐camera stereo‐DIC in terms of measurement accuracy, mode shape estimation, and damage localization.
Magnetic resonance quantification of skeletal muscle lipid infiltration in a humanized mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Khattri Ram B. , Batra Abhinandan , Matheny Michael , Hart Cora , Henley‐Beasley Spencer C. , Hammers David , Zeng Huadong , White Zoe , Ryan Terence E. , Barton Elisabeth , Bernatchez Pascal , Walter Glenn A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRodent models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) often do not recapitulate the severity of muscle wasting and resultant fibro‐fatty infiltration observed in DMD patients. Having recently documented severe muscle wasting and fatty deposition in two preclinical models of muscular dystrophy (Dysferlin‐null and mdx mice) through apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene deletion without and with cholesterol‐, triglyceride‐rich Western diet supplementation, we sought to determine whether magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy (MRI and MRS, respectively) could be used to detect, characterize, and compare lipid deposition in mdx‐ApoE knockout with mdx mice in a diet‐dependent manner. MRI revealed that both mdx and mdx‐ApoE mice exhibited elevated proton relaxation time constants (T2) in their lower hindlimbs irrespective of diet, indicating both chronic muscle damage and fatty tissue deposition. The mdx‐ApoE mice on a Western diet (mdx‐ApoEW) presented with greatest fatty tissue infiltration in the posterior compartment of the hindlimb compared with other groups, as detected by MRI/MRS. High‐resolution magic angle spinning confirmed elevated lipid deposition in the posterior compartments of mdx‐ApoEW mice in vivo and ex vivo, respectively. In conclusion, the mdx‐ApoEW model recapitulates some of the extreme fatty tissue deposition observed clinically in DMD muscle but typically absent in mdx mice. This preclinical model will help facilitate the development of new imaging modalities directly relevant to the image contrast generated in DMD, and help to refine MR‐based biomarkers and their relationship to tissue structure and disease progression.
Predictors of response to pharmacotherapy in children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders: A combined post hoc analysis of four clinical trial data
Authors: Tsujii Takashi , Sakurai Hitoshi , Takeuchi Hiroyoshi , Suzuki Takefumi , Mimura Masaru , Uchida Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe prediction of response to pharmacotherapy has not been sufficiently explored in children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders, which was addressed in this study.MethodsData from four double‐blind, placebo‐controlled studies (sertraline and fluvoxamine for anxiety disorders, risperidone for autistic disorder, and fluoxetine for major depressive disorder) in children and adolescents funded by the National Institute of Mental Health were used. The response was defined as a score of 1 or 2 on the Clinical Global Impression‐Global Improvement (CGI‐I) at the endpoint. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate associations between response status and the following variables: sex, diagnosis, treatment allocation, and CGI‐Severity of Illness (CGI‐S) score at baseline. Moreover, the presence of early improvement (a score of ≤3 in the CGI‐I) at Week 1 was added to the independent variables in an additional binary logistic regression analysis, using the data from two studies.ResultsA total of 599 patients were included in the analysis. In the binary logistic regression analysis, active drug use (odds ratio [OR] = 8.64, P < 0.001) and female sex (OR = 1.89, P = 0.002) were significantly associated with treatment response. In the second binary logistic regression, the presence of early improvement in the CGI‐I (OR = 3.47, P = 0.009), as well as active drug use (OR = 15.05, P < 0.001) and female sex (OR = 2.87, P = 0.016), were associated with subsequent responses.ConclusionAllocation to active drugs, female sex, and early improvement may predict treatment response to pharmacotherapy among children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders.
Safety and outcome of ultrasound‐guided tunneled central venous catheter in children with cancers from low middle‐income country: A prospective study
Authors: Khera Sanjeev , Kumar Amit , Parikh Badal , Simalti Aashish Kumar , Davera Saket , Mahajan Pooja , Dhingra Sandeep 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCentral venous access devices (CVAD) are vital for cancer therapeutics in pediatric oncology. Tunneled vascular access devices (TVAD) are preferred in children for prolonged and frequent vascular access. Data on insertion, care, and complications of CVAD in children from low middle‐income countries (LMIC) are scarce, heterogeneous, and retrospective.ProcedureThis prospective observational study on eligible children <12 years with pediatric malignancies requiring chemotherapy for minimum 6 months from diagnosis excluded children with mucosal bleeding, coagulopathy, and infections. TVAD insertion was ultrasound (USG) guided. Number of catheter‐days, surgical and nonsurgical complications, and risk factors for catheter‐related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) were noted TVAD removal due to complications, therapy completion, tumor progression, or death.ResultsData from 61 of 86 eligible children with median age 42 months (range 1–144) were analyzed. Hematological malignancy and severe thrombocytopenia were seen in 37/61 (61%) and 18/61 (30%) children, respectively. First‐attempt success rate was 74%. Surgical complications were seen in four of 61 (7%). Nonsurgical complications were seen in 33/61 (54%) children; CRBSI was commonest 24/61 (39%), causing removal of TVAD in 14/61 (23%). Incidence per 1000 catheter‐days for CRBSI was 3.24. Antibiotic lock therapy could salvage nine of 24 TVAD with CRBSI. Thrombus and accidental removal was seen in six of 61 (10%) and four of 61 (7%). None of the studied risk factors were significantly associated with CRBSI. The mean insertion duration of TVAD was 121 ± 90 days.ConclusionUSG‐guided TVAD insertion is safe and reliable way for chemotherapy administration with acceptable complications in children with malignancies in LMIC, including children with severe thrombocytopenia.
PET‐RAFT polymerization under flow chemistry and surface‐initiated reactions
Authors: Rong Li‐Han , Caldona Eugene B , Advincula Rigoberto C 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecently, photoinduced electron/energy transfer reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (PET‐RAFT) polymerization has been developed and gaining wide acceptance. PET‐RAFT polymerization uses visible light to initiate the reaction and is compatible with ambient conditions and green solvents. It also maintains the ability to produce well‐defined polymers and possesses high potential as an alternative to the conventional RAFT technique. This review aims to summarize the fundamentals of PET‐RAFT polymerization, highlight two of the most commonly studied applications of PET‐RAFT process (i.e. flow chemistry and surface‐initiated polymerization), and explore perspectives and new possibilities of the technique. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Mechanistic modeling of generic orally inhaled drug products: A workshop summary report
Authors: Walenga Ross L. , Butler Clare , Craven Brent A. , Longest P. Worth , Mohamed Raja , Newman Bryan , Olsson Bo , Hochhaus Günther , Li Bing V. , Luke Markham C. , Zhao Liang , Przekwas Andrzej , Lionberger Robert 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn silico mechanistic modeling approaches have been designed by various stakeholders with the goal of supporting development and approval of generic orally inhaled drug products in the United States. This review summarizes the presentations and panel discussion that comprised a workshop session concentrated on the use of in silico models to predict various outcomes following orally inhaled drug product administration, including the status of such models and how model credibility may be effectively established.
Criteria for the prioritization of hypotheses in root cause analysis
Authors: Barsalou Matthew 
Published: November 2022

AbstractExplanatory hypotheses are formed and evaluated in root cause analysis. However, prior to investigation, the hypotheses must be prioritized. Often, methods such as nominal group technique, multi‐voting, and simple voting are used to decide which to investigate first. This research seeks to provide concrete criteria for the prioritization of hypotheses using three levels of prioritization based on the strength of the available evidence. A quality leadership email distribution list was used to distribute a survey to quality departments. Respondents were asked to rate various scenarios as confirmed, strong, moderate, and weak evidence towards supporting a hypothesis. Only 2 of 13 scenarios did not have statistically significant results and these results can be used by quality departments to prioritize hypotheses to investigate during root cause analysis.
Transoral robotic resection of advanced recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma involving the internal carotid artery
Authors: Shi Yu‐Xuan , Dai Qi , Zhu Ke‐Sen , Sun Xi‐Cai , Liu Quan , Yu Hong‐Meng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundTransoral robotic surgery (TORS) is a reliable, minimally invasive approach for treating recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC). However, tumours involving the internal carotid artery (ICA) are considered to be unsuitable for TORS. This paper presents the first case of transoral robotic resection of advanced rNPC involving the ICA.Materials and MethodsThis case is a 55 year‐old male patient who received radiotherapy 27 years ago. This patient underwent a standard TORS resection 2 weeks after ipsilateral ICA embolization.ResultsPostoperative Magnetic resonance imaging and biopsy results indicated total resection. During the 2 month follow‐up, no severe complications were found, and the primary site was tumour‐free.ConclusionThis study preliminarily presents the feasibility and efficiency of advanced rNPC resection with TORS. TORS can potentially provide better quality of life for patients as a less invasive approach than current endoscopic surgery. Even so, the surgical approach should be selected strictly according to the tumour's location.
Forecasting liquidity‐adjusted VaR: A conditional EVT‐copula approach
Authors: Karmakar Madhusudan , Khadotra Ravi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study models the joint distribution of individual stock returns and bid‐ask spreads using combined EGARCH‐EVT and combined GP‐INGARCH‐EVT processes for the marginals, and bivariate copulas for the dependence structure. We use the proposed approach to first simulate returns and spreads of individual stocks from different countries and regions, and then forecast the Liquidity‐adjusted Value‐at‐Risk (L‐VaR) measure according to three types of L‐VaR models. The backtesting results suggest that the proposed simulated L‐VaR models perform better than the competing L‐VaR/VaR models in forecasting L‐VaR. It is also observed that the simulated L‐VaR models perform better than the competing L‐VaR/VaR models in predicting the economic downturn.
Effect of micro‐arc oxidation treatment on laser joint microstructures of Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy/CFRP
Authors: Zou Pengyuan , Yang Fan , Liu Huaying , Zhang Hua 
Published: November 2022

Resin‐based carbon fibre reinforced composite (CFRP) with excellent properties has been widely applied in aerospace industry. In this study, polyether ether ketone enforced composite (PEEK‐CFRP) and Ti‐6V‐4V titanium alloy had been joined by laser welding process. Micro‐arc oxidation (MAO) process was conducted on the surface of titanium alloy to improve the joint property. Fractures and mechanical properties of joints were analysed. Interfacial microstructures of the joints had been investigated, and the formation mechanism of joint had been figured out. The results showed that after MAO treatment, the joint strength had been greatly improved and the shear strength reached to 42.3 MPa compared with pretreated sample. The wettability of CFRP on titanium alloy was rising with the contact angle of 68.8°. Fracture showed that cohesive failure contributed to the main fracture mode. As joints were formed by both mechanical bonding and chemical bonding, ‘anchor‐shaped’ structures were found in the joint to enhance the mechanical bonding effects due to the flowing of the melted resin. (−OH) bonds were identified at the surface of MAO‐treated titanium alloy that provided conditions for hydrogen bond interaction. TiO2, TiO and Ti–V–C phase were found at interface, whereas Ti–F and Ti–O–F bonds were generated during the welding process, which made great contribution to the chemical bonds between titanium alloy and CFRP.