bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital culturally tailored marketing for enrolling Latino participants in a web‐based registry: Baseline metrics from the Brain Health Registry
Authors: Ashford Miriam T. , Camacho Monica R. , Jin Chengshi , Eichenbaum Joseph , Ulbricht Aaron , Alaniz Roxanne , Van De Mortel Lesley , Sorce Jennefer , Aaronson Anna , Parmar Shivam , Flenniken Derek , Fockler Juliet , Truran Diana , Mackin R. Scott , Rivera Mindt Monica , Morlett‐Paredes Alejandra , González Hector M. , Mayeda Elizabeth Rose , Weiner Michael W. , Nosheny Rachel L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis culturally tailored enrollment effort aims to determine the feasibility of enrolling 5000 older Latino adults from California into the Brain Health Registries (BHR) over 2.25 years.MethodsThis paper describes (1) the development and deployment of culturally tailored BHR websites and digital ads, in collaboration with a Latino community science partnership board and a marketing company; (2) an interim feasibility analysis of the enrollment efforts and numbers, and participant characteristics (primary aim); as well as (3) an exploration of module completion and a preliminary efficacy evaluation of the culturally tailored digital efforts compared to BHR's standard non–culturally tailored efforts (secondary aim).ResultsIn 12.5 months, 3603 older Latino adults were enrolled (71% of the total California Latino BHR initiative enrollment goal). Completion of all BHR modules was low (6%).DiscussionTargeted ad placement, culturally tailored enrollment messaging, and culturally tailored BHR websites increased enrollment of Latino participants in BHR, but did not translate to increased module completion.Highlights
Culturally tailored social marketing and website improvements were implemented.
The efforts enrolled 5662 Latino individuals in 12.5 months.
The number of Latino Brain Health Registry (BHR) participants increased by 122.7%.
We failed to adequately enroll female Latinos and Latinos with lower education.
Future work will evaluate effects of a newly released Spanish‐language BHR website.
Charge‐Transfer and Spin‐Flip States: Thriving as Complements
Authors: Kitzmann Winald R. , Heinze Katja 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTransition metal complexes with photoactive charge‐transfer excited states are pervasive throughout the literature. In particular, [Ru(bpy)3]2+(bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine), with its metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer emission, has been established as a key complex. Meanwhile, interest in so‐called spin‐flip metal‐centered states has risen dramatically after the molecular ruby [Cr(ddpd)2]3+(ddpd=N,N′‐dimethyl‐N,N′‐dipyridin‐2‐yl‐pyridine‐2,6‐diamine) led to design principles to access strong, long‐lived emission from photostable chromium(III) complexes. This Review contrasts the properties of emissive charge‐transfer and spin‐flip states by using [Ru(bpy)3]2+and [Cr(ddpd)2]3+as prototypical examples. We discuss the relevant excited states, the tunability of their energy and lifetimes, and their response to external stimuli. Finally, we identify strengths and weaknesses of charge‐transfer and spin‐flip states in applications such as photocatalysis and circularly polarized luminescence.
Effect of hydrogen bonds on phase structure and crystallization behavior of UPy‐functionalized polyurethane
Authors: Li Xuemin , Li Kun , Chen Zhaobin , Yang Xiaoniu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHydrogen bonding has been reported to be crucial to crystallization behavior and phase structure and consequently the properties of polyurethane (PU). However, the relationship between hydrogen bonds, crystallization, and phase structure still remains a hot topic of researches because it determines the final performance of materials. Herein, a 5‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐6‐methyl‐2‐aminouracil (UPy) group capable of forming multiple hydrogen bonds is incorporated into polyurethanes (PUUPys) to ascertain the effect of hydrogen bonds on the structure and properties of PU. It is found that the content of hydrogen bonds increases with UPy amount, which induces obvious changes in crystallization behavior of soft and hard segments. The varied crystallization further promotes microphase separation, and makes phase structure transform from two‐phase (crystalline soft domains and amorphous domains) with lower UPy amount into three‐phase (crystalline soft domains, crystalline hard domains, and amorphous domains) with higher UPy content. The adjustable hydrogen bonding and phase structure endow PUUPy with tunable mechanical properties, which, in combination with the inherent self‐healing characteristics of UPy groups, indicate great potentials of PUUPys in smart materials. This work demonstrates the principle of changing hydrogen bonding to obtain best performance in structural design of polyurethanes.
Molecularly Imprinted and Cladded Nanotags Enable Specific SERS Bioimaging of Tyrosine Phosphorylation
Authors: Guo Zhanchen , Zhao Jialing , He Hui , Liu Zhen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTyrosine phosphorylation is an important post‐translational modification of proteins, and its accurate analysis is of vital importance. However, due to limited abundance of tyrosine phosphorylation as well as severe interference of serine/threonine phosphorylation and other phosphate‐containing species, approaches that can directly analyse tyrosine phosphorylation on the cell membrane still remain limited. Herein, we report the rational development of molecularly imprinted and cladded Raman nanotags and their successful application in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) imaging of tyrosine phosphorylation on cancerous cells and tissues. The prepared molecularly imprinted and cladded SERS nanotags could specifically recognize phosphotyrosine and thereby allowed for distinguishing phosphotyrosine from other phosphate‐containing species on cancerous cells and tissues by SERS imaging. Therefore, the molecularly imprinted and cladded nanotags‐based SERS imaging can be a promising tool for tyrosine phosphorylation analysis and tyrosine phosphorylation‐related studies, showing great potential for biomedical applications.
A dark side of hope: Understanding why investors cling onto losing stocks
Authors: Luo Siria Xiyueyao , van Horen Femke , Millet Kobe , Zeelenberg Marcel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInvestors are often inclined to keep losing stocks too long, despite this being irrational. This phenomenon is part of the disposition effect (“people ride losers too long, and sell winners too soon”). The current research examines the role of hope as a potential explanation of why people ride losers too long. Three correlational studies (1A, 1B, and 2) find that people's trait hope is positively associated with their inclination to keep losing stocks, regardless of their risk‐seeking tendency (Study 2). Further, three experimental studies (3, 4, and 5) reveal that people are inclined to hold on to losing (vs. not‐losing) stocks because of their hope to break even and not because of their hope to gain. Studies 4 and 5 provide process evidence confirming the role of hope and indicate potential interventions to decrease people's tendency to keep losing stocks by reducing the hope. The findings contribute to the limited empirical literature that has investigated how emotions influence the disposition effect by providing empirical evidence for the role of hope. Moreover, the findings add to the literature of hope by revealing its role in financial decision‐making and show a “dark side” of this positive emotion.
Oxidized phospholipids and lipoprotein‐associated phospholipase A2 (Lp‐PLA2) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: An update
Authors: Pantazi Despoina , Tellis Constantinos , Tselepis Alexandros D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInflammation and oxidative stress conditions lead to a variety of oxidative modifications of lipoprotein phospholipids implicated in the occurrence and development of atherosclerotic lesions. Lipoprotein‐associated phospholipase A2 (Lp‐PLA2) is established as an independent risk biomarker of atherosclerosis‐related cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and mediates vascular inflammation through the regulation of lipid metabolism in the blood and in atherosclerotic lesions. Lp‐PLA2 is associated with low‐ and high‐density lipoproteins and Lipoprotein (a) in human plasma and specifically hydrolyzes oxidized phospholipids involved in oxidative stress modification. Several oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs) subspecies can be detoxified through enzymatic degradation by Lp‐PLA2 activation, forming lysophospholipids and oxidized non‐esterified fatty acids (OxNEFAs). Lysophospholipids promote the expression of adhesion molecules, stimulate cytokines production (TNF‐α, IL‐6), and attract macrophages to the arterial intima. The present review article discusses new data on the functional roles of OxPLs and Lp‐PLA2 associated with lipoproteins.
Vascular stiffening in aging females with a hypertension‐induced HIF2A gain‐of‐function mutation
Authors: Volkova Eugenia , Procell Linda , Kong Lingyang , Santhanam Lakshmi , Gerecht Sharon 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is more prevalent in females than males; the causes of this sex difference have not been adequately explored. Gain‐of‐function (GOF) mutations in hypoxia‐inducible factor 2α (HIF2A) lead to PAH and thrombotic consequences in patients and mice. Additionally, multiple emerging studies suggest that elevated systemic arterial stiffening (SAS) occurs in PAH; this could have critical prognostic value. Here, we utilized a HIF2A GOF mouse model to determine how SAS can be used as a prognosticator in sex‐divergent PAH. We analyzed survival, vascular mechanics, and vascular phenotypes in young adult (8–16 weeks) and middle age (9–12 months) Hif2a GOF mice. We find that Hif2a heterozygous (HT) female mice, but not Hif2a HT male mice, exhibit poor survival, SAS upon aging, and decreased ability to withstand repeated physiological strain. Hif2a HT female mice also display thickening of the adventitial intima and increased collagen I and collagen III in all layers of the thoracic aorta. Our findings demonstrate differing PAH progression in female and male Hif2a GOF mice. Specifically, alterations in extracellular matrix (ECM) content led to vascular stiffening in aged females, resulting in poor survival. Moreover, we show that SAS emerges early in mice with PAH by coupling studies of vascular mechanics and analyzing vascular structure and composition. Importantly, we present a model for assessing sex differences in hereditary PAH progression and sex‐specific prognosis, proposing that aortic stiffening can be used to prognosticate future poor outcomes in PAH.
Azaphilones from the Endophyte Diaporthe sp. and Their Toxicity
Authors: Huang Fangfang , Lin Xiao , Lu Quanyi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChemotherapy and targeted therapies are increasingly used as conventional means to control tumor growth and prolong survival. Patient treated with anti‐neoplastic agents experience severe side effects, especially those cytotoxic chemotherapies. Exploring chemo agents with less side effects is the hot spot of anticancer research. In this study, three azaphilone derivatives (chaetoviridin A (1), chaetoviridin E (2) and chaetomugilin D (3)) were isolated from the endophyte of the plant Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl, their structures were elucidated by NMR. The toxicity of these compounds was evaluated by zebrafish model. The results show that these compounds had no toxicity against zebrafish. These compounds may act as safe anticancer drug leads according to this result. These three azaphilone derivatives were first time reported isolated from Diaporthe species which mainly used to isolate from Chaetomium species.
Sesquiterpenes fromRhododendron nivaleand Their Anti‐Inflammatory Activity
Authors: Zeng Xi , Liu Wei , Yuan Tao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTwo new germacrane sesquiterpenes, named nivalenoids A and B (1and2), along with four known sesquiterpenes (3–6), were isolated from theRhododendron nivale. The structures of compounds1and2were elucidated by integrating spectroscopic analyses, including NMR, UV, IR, as well as HR‐MS data. Anti‐inflammatory activity by inhibiting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells revealed that compared with the positive control dexamethasone (IC50=2.50 μM), compounds1and2showed mild anti‐inflammatory activity, with IC50value of 27.55 μM and 53.26 μM, respectively.
Cu/Cu3P@CNT Flexible Film Electrode for Highly Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Alkaline Solution
Authors: Wu Wanying , Zhang Maohui , Xia Xinyao , Yang Zhiyun , Li Di , Zhang Quansheng , Xie Jingying 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGlobal warming and the global energy crisis are worsening owing to the increasing consumption of fossil fuels; thus, there is a need to explore renewable and clean energy sources. The energy conversion efficiency of water electrolysis – an important and feasible means to obtain green hydrogen energy – can be improved by developing catalytic electrode materials with high activity and low overpotential. Herein, low‐temperature phosphating of copper deposited on flexible carbon nanotube (CNT) films was conducted to fabricate high‐performance Cu/Cu3P@CNT electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The optimal conditions for the preparation of catalytic electrodes were determined by adjusting the electrodeposition time. Owing to the porous CNT framework and the heterostructure of the Cu3P/Cu nanoparticles, the Cu/Cu3P@CNT exhibited long‐term stability and highly efficient catalytic HER in an alkaline electrolyte with an overpotential of only 77 mV at 10 mA cm−2. This study provided a facile strategy for designing inexpensive and efficient electrocatalytic HER systems using highly active transition metal phosphides heterostructures and CNT materials.
Design and Synthesis of Fsp3‐Enriched Spirocyclic‐Based Biological Screening Compound Arrays via DOS Strategies and Their NNMT Inhibition Profiling
Authors: Iusupov Ildar R. , Lukyanenko Evgeny R. , Altieri Andrea , Kurkin Alexander V. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMedicinal chemists are keen to explore tridimensional compounds, especially when it comes to small molecules. It has already been stressed that the majority of known drugs tend to be flat, whereas natural products tend to be more tridimensional and represent a good source of active compounds. 3D metrics have been implemented and computational descriptors are available to evaluate and prioritize compounds based on their 3D geometry. This is usually done by comparing the saturated carbon atoms in a molecule with the total number of its non‐hydrogen atoms (the Fsp3 value). While this aspect is clear, still there are not enough synthetic tools that support the realization of novel chemotypes that conform to these criteria. Herein we describe a diversity oriented synthesis (DOS) synthetic cascade technology that starts from two simple reagents, and generates highly enriched Fsp3 novel and diverse spiro‐scaffolds with pragmatic synthetic handles (points of diversity). The spiro nature of these scaffolds not only ensures high Fsp3 values but renders the compounds more rigid and therefore more effective in forming precise stereo‐interactions with their potential biological targets. These compounds were also profiled for their drug‐like properties and as potential modulators of the NNMT enzyme.
Effects of Structural Variations on Antibacterial Properties for Conjugated Diynes Generated through Glaser Hay Couplings
Authors: Hale Emma A. , Ryan Hannah M. , McOsker Alexandra M. , Funk Cody M. , Green Lauren C. , Mazur Lauren E. , Uthappa Diya M. , Flood Brian M. , Young Douglas D. , Hinkle Robert J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAntibiotic resistance is a growing problem facing global societies today. Many new antibiotics are derivatized versions of already existing antibiotics, which allows for antibiotic resistance to arise. To combat this issue, new antibiotics with different core structures need to be elucidated. Asymmetrical polyacetylenes have been isolated from natural products and they have previously been demonstrated to exhibit antimicrobial and antibacterial activity; however, their synthetic preparation has not made them easily amenable to rapid derivatization for SAR studies. Using a combination of solution and solid‐supported chemistries, an array of diynes inspired by a known natural product were prepared and assessed for antibacterial activity. Ultimately, several compounds were identified with improved activity in bacterial viability assays. Moreover, some compounds were discovered that displayed a degree of specificity forE. colioverP. fluorescensand vice versa. These new compounds show promise, and further investigation is needed to pinpoint the specific structural components that elicit biological activity.
Magnetic Field‐Assisted Construction and Enhancement of Electrocatalysts
Authors: Jiang Xueliang , Chen Yana , Zhang Xianzheng , You Feng , Yao Junlong , Yang Huan , Xia Bao Yu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDriven by the energy crisis and environmental pollution, developing sustainable clean energy is an effective strategy to realize carbon neutrality. Electrocatalytic reactions are crucial to sustainable energy conversion and storage technologies, and advanced electrocatalysts are required to improve the sluggish electrocatalytic reactions. The magnetic field, as a thermodynamic parameter independent of temperature and pressure, is vital in the construction of electrocatalysts and enhancement of electrocatalysis. In this Review, the recent progress of magnetic field‐assisted construction of electrocatalysts and enhancement of electrocatalysis is comprehensively summarized. Originating from the structure‐activity‐performance relationship of electrocatalysts, the fundamentals of the magnetic field‐induced construction of electrocatalysts, including the magnetocaloric effect, nucleation and growth, and phase regulation, have been illustrated. In addition, the magnetic effect on the electrocatalytic reaction, namely, the magnetothermal, magnetohydrodynamic and micro magnetohydrodynamic, Maxwell stress, Kelvin force, and spin selection effects, are discussed. Finally, the perspective and challenges for magnetic field‐assisted construction of electrocatalysts and enhancement of electrocatalysis are proposed.
Neutral and adaptive loci reveal fine‐scale population structure in Eleginops maclovinus from north Patagonia
Authors: Canales‐Aguirre Cristian B. , Larson Wesley A. , McKinney Garrett J. , Claure C. Eliza , Rocha J. Dellis , Ceballos Santiago G. , Cádiz María I. , Yáñez José M. , Gomez‐Uchida Daniel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPatagonia is an understudied area, especially when it comes to population genomic studies with relevance to fishery management. However, the dynamic and heterogeneous landscape in this area can harbor an important but cryptic genetic population structure. Once such information is revealed, it can be integrated into the management of infrequently investigated species. Eleginops maclovinus is a protandrous hermaphrodite species with economic importance for local communities that are currently managed as a single genetic unit. In this study, we sampled five locations distributed across a salinity cline from Northern Patagonia to investigate the genetic population structure of E. maclovinus. We used restriction site‐associated DNA (RAD) sequencing and outlier tests to obtain neutral and adaptive loci, using FST and GEA approaches. We identified a spatial pattern of structuration with gene flow and spatial selection by environmental association. Neutral and adaptive loci showed two and three genetic groups, respectively. The effective population sizes estimated ranged from 572 (Chepu) to 14,454 (Chaitén) and were influenced more by locality than by salinity cline. We found loci putatively associated with salinity suggesting that salinity may act as a selective driver in E. maclovinus populations. These results suggest a complex interaction between genetic drift, gene flow, and natural selection in this area. Our findings also suggest several evolutionary significant units in this area, and the information should be integrated into the management of this species. We discussed the significance of these results for fishery management and suggest future directions to improve our understanding of how E. maclovinus has adapted to the dynamic waters of Northern Patagonia.
Repeated habitat mapping data reveal gains and losses of plant species
Authors: Lüttgert Lina , Heisterkamp Samuel , Jansen Florian , Klenke Reinhard , Kreft Kerstin‐Angelika , Seidler Gunnar , Bruelheide Helge 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDetecting species trends across different habitat types and larger regions is required to generate a general and reliable foundation for conservation planning. While direct monitoring data covering a large spatial and temporal extent are mostly lacking, data collected for other purposes than monitoring can be considered to detect trends. Here we analyzed both habitat type and plant species trends over several decades (1979–2017), using repeated habitat survey data from the habitat mapping program of the city and federal state of Hamburg. Next to transitions between habitat types, we looked for differences between winner and loser species, considering also their habitat type preference, red list, and non‐native status. Furthermore, we assessed the consistency between trends of habitat types and species that are characteristic of those habitat types. We found declines in habitat area of semi‐natural (semi‐)dry grasslands and semi‐ruderal vegetation and increases in habitat area of species‐poor grasslands, pioneer forests, and human settlements. More species showed positive than negative trends over time, with winners including many forest and scrub as well as non‐native species, while losers were represented mostly by endangered and ruderal species. Most habitat types included a mixture of both winner and loser species. Habitat type trends were mostly not reflected in trends of species that were characteristic of a particular habitat, such as semi‐natural (semi‐)dry grasslands. This can be explained, on the one hand, by species extinction debts, and on the other hand, by a low habitat specificity of some species that find refuges also in secondary habitats. Our study not only shows the difficulties but also offers methods on how to use repeated habitat mapping data to detect trends for habitat types and plant species. In contrast to monitoring programs focusing on individual endangered habitats, results from repeated habitat surveys allow the identification of those secondary habitats of a species that might contribute the most to preserving populations of their primary habitat.