bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy in cystinosis patients with chronic kidney disease: A European case series
Authors: Servais Aude , Janssen Mirian C. H. , Blakey Hannah , Greco Marcella , Lemoine Sandrine , Martin‐Moreno Paloma L. , Game David , Levtchenko Elena , Lipkin Graham ,   Metabolic Nephropathy Workgroup of the European Reference Network for Rare Kidney Diseases (ERKNet) and the ERA working groups on inherited kidney diseases (WGIKD)
Published: June 2022

AbstractCystinosis is a rare autosomal recessive disease leading to end‐stage renal disease within the second or third decade of life. Since the era of specific treatment with cysteamine, prognosis has substantially improved and pregnancy becomes an increasing concern. Pregnancy data in patients with cystinosis were collected through an anonymized survey. We collected data for 19 pregnancies in 12 women. Seventeen patients were transplanted, 1 was on hemodialysis and 1 had chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 4. These 19 pregnancies resulted in 13 live births (68.4%): 3 spontaneous early miscarriages, 1 ectopic pregnancy, 1 early pre‐eclampsia (at 21 weeks), and 1 preterm birth with neonatal death at 24 weeks were reported. After exclusion of early miscarriage or termination, pregnancy success rate was 86.7%. In successful pregnancies, median gestational age at delivery was 34 weeks (24–37). Preeclampsia occurred in seven pregnancies (7/15, 46.7%). A cesarean section was performed in all pregnancies. Median baby weight at delivery was 2175 g (620–3374 g). After pregnancy, one patient reached end‐stage renal disease, but she already had advanced CKD before pregnancy (creatinine 239 μmol/L, eGFR 23 ml/min/1.73 m2). In three other patients, there was a decrease of eGFR of 8, 20, and 53 ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively. The majority of pregnancies were successful, but severe antenatal and post‐natal complications may occur, in particular preeclampsia that was noticed in nearly half of patients and fetal loss in one‐third of them. These results may help pre‐pregnancy counseling and pregnancy management.
Suboptimal immune recovery and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS on second‐line antiretroviral therapy in central China: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhu Keying , Xu Qianlei , Ma Yanmin , Li Pengyu , Jia Huangchao , Jiang Qi , Wang Yueyuan , Wu Zhihui , Wang Dongli , Guo Huijun , Jin Yantao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe introduction and scale‐up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) have contributed to significantly improved patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) quality of life and prolongs their survival. This has occurred by suppressing viral replication and recovering the CD4 cell count. However, some patients do not normalize their CD4 cell count, despite suppression of the viral load (VL). Patients with suboptimal immune recovery (SIR), as defined by a VL < 400 copies/ml with a CD4 cell count of<200 cells/μl, after ART initiation, exhibit severe immune dysfunction and have a higher risk of AIDS and non‐AIDS events. In recent years, People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) with first‐line ART failure began to gradually switch to second‐line ART. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and factors affecting SIR among PLWHA who switch to second‐line ART in rural China. A 1‐year retrospective cohort study was conducted among PLWHA who switched to second‐line ART between January 2009 and December 2018. All patients with a VL < 400 copies/ml after 1 year of second‐line ART were included. SIR was defined as a CD4 cell count <200 cells/μl and a VL < 400 copies/ml after 1 year of second‐line ART. The data collected from medical records were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses. A total of 5294 PLWHA met the inclusion criteria, 24 died, and 1152 were lost to follow‐up after 1 year of second‐line ART. Among 4118 PLWHA who were followed up, 3039 with a VL < 400 copies/ml had their data analyzed, and the prevalence of SIR was 13.1%. The patients’ mean age at recruitment was 47.6 ± 8.1 years and 45.3% were men. A total of 30.7% of patients were HIV‐positive for >8 years and 88.2% were receiving ART before starting second‐line ART for >3 years. The mean CD4 cell count was 354.8 ± 238.2 cells/μl. A multivariable analysis showed that male sex, single status (unmarried or divorced), and a low CD4 cell count were risk factors for SIR among PLWHA with second‐line ART. The prevalence of SIR among PLWHA who switched to second‐line ART in this retrospective cohort study is lower than that in most other studies. Several factors associated with SIR include male sex, marital status, and CD4 cell count levels in PLWHA.
Associations among bullous pemphigoid and various neurological diseases: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Qianqian , Wu Huangshuai , Lyu Yansi , Xiong Juan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBullous pemphigoid is a common autoimmune bullous skin disease of the elderly. The objective of this meta‐analysis was to assess the association of bullous pemphigoid with neurological disease. We conducted a systematic search of three databases, screening for articles with relevant search terms from database inception until August 01, 2020. The Newcastle‐Ottawa quality assessment scale was used to evaluate the quality of the retained articles. Random effects models were applied to calculate the pooled odds ratio and confidence intervals. Publication bias was evaluated by funnel plot and Egger's test. A total of 25 studies with 44,726 BP patients were included in this meta‐analysis. Patients with BP were significantly more likely to have any neurological disease [odds ratio (OR): 4.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.2–6.5]. This was true for: stroke (OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 2.2–3.4), Parkinson's disease (OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 2.2–3.2), dementia (OR: 4.1, 95% CI: 3.0–5.7), Alzheimer's disease (OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.2–4.4), epilepsy (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.6–3.5), and multiple sclerosis (OR: 3.3, 95% CI: 2.1–5.2), compared to controls. Bullous pemphigoid patients have an increased prevalence of neurological disease. Clinicians should be aware of this increased prevalence, its possible implications, and preventive measures for patients.
Variation and protection of the chorda tympani nerve in endoscopic ear surgery
Authors: Quancheng Li , Jiangtao Zhong , Liang Chai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo observe and summarize variations of the chorda tympani nerve to effectively protect it during surgery.MethodsSurgical videos of patients undergoing endoscopic ear surgery in the past 3 years were retrospectively observed to identify chorda tympani nerve variations.ResultsIn total, 237 cases were reviewed. The tympanic sulcus or annulus was the boundary between the posterior wall of the external auditory canal and chordal eminence (CE). The chorda tympani nerve was divided into three types: type I, the periannular segment was located medial to the CE and covered by the bony eminence (32.5%); type II, the periannular segment was located inferior to the CE, and the nerve did or did not contact the bony edge of the CE (62.0%); and type III, the periannular segment was located lateral to the CE and medial to the tympanic annulus, and the iter chorda posterius was located in the tympanic sulcus (5.5%). The rate of injury to the chorda tympani nerve was 2.5% of 237 cases. The location of the iter chorda posterius on preoperative computed tomography was highly reliable for prediction of type I and III nerves. Secondary exposure of the posterior canaliculus might occur in patients with external auditory canal cholesteatoma, who were specifically included in this study.ConclusionCE‐based classification of the chorda tympani nerve can concisely describe variations of the chorda tympani nerve and provide guidance for neuroprotection during endoscopic ear surgery. Patients with external auditory canal cholesteatoma may have secondary exposure of the posterior canaliculus.Level of EvidenceNA.
The Synthesis and Properties of a New Carrier for Paclitaxel and Doxorubicin Based on the Amphiphilic Copolymer of N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone and Acrylic Acid
Authors: Nechaeva Anna M. , Artyukhov Alexander A. , Luss Anna L. , Shtilman Mikhail I. , Svistunova Alina Yu. , Motyakin Mikhail V. , Levina Irina I. , Krivoborodov Efrem G. , Toropygin Ilya Yu. , Chistyakov Evgeniy M. , Tsatsakis Aristides M. , Gurevich Leonid , Mezhuev Yaroslav O. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper deals with the development of polymeric nanocarriers based on amphiphilic copolymers of N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone and acrylic acid of various molecular weights synthesized through the AIBN‐initiated radical copolymerization of N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone and acrylic acid in the presence of n‐octadecyl mercaptan. The structure of the copolymers is characterized by 1Н NMR, 13С NMR, IR and MALDI‐TOF MS spectroscopy. It is shown that the length of the hydrophilic block defines the size of the nanoaggregates while impacting the steric stabilization efficiency and the probability of the interchain hydrogen bond formation. The hydrogen bonds formation between the residues of N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone and acrylic acid is in agreement with the reduction of the ζ‐potential of the nanoaggregates and the critical aggregation concentrations upon increasing the molecular weight. The presence of acrylic acid residues in the amphiphilic macromolecules leads to a higher affinity for doxorubicin and slow partial release of doxorubicin bonded with the aggregates’ corona, which is helpful for reducing its cardiac toxicity. Nanoaggregates with a paclitaxel‐loaded hydrophobic core are obtained, showing the possibility of dual loading. The amphiphilic copolymers of N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone and acrylic acid containing an n‐octadecyl thio end group are thus promising candidates for combination cancer therapy with immobilized anti‐cancer drugs, paclitaxel, and doxorubicin.
Fast four‐dimensional cone‐beam computed tomography reconstruction using deformable convolutional networks
Authors: Jiang Zhuoran , Chang Yushi , Zhang Zeyu , Yin Fang‐Fang , Ren Lei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough four‐dimensional cone‐beam computed tomography (4D‐CBCT) is valuable to provide onboard image guidance for radiotherapy of moving targets, it requires a long acquisition time to achieve sufficient image quality for target localization. To improve the utility, it is highly desirable to reduce the 4D‐CBCT scanning time while maintaining high‐quality images. Current motion‐compensated methods are limited by slow speed and compensation errors due to the severe intraphase undersampling.PurposeIn this work, we aim to propose an alternative feature‐compensated method to realize the fast 4D‐CBCT with high‐quality images.MethodsWe proposed a feature‐compensated deformable convolutional network (FeaCo‐DCN) to perform interphase compensation in the latent feature space, which has not been explored by previous studies. In FeaCo‐DCN, encoding networks extract features from each phase, and then, features of other phases are deformed to those of the target phase via deformable convolutional networks. Finally, a decoding network combines and decodes features from all phases to yield high‐quality images of the target phase. The proposed FeaCo‐DCN was evaluated using lung cancer patient data.Results(1) FeaCo‐DCN generated high‐quality images with accurate and clear structures for a fast 4D‐CBCT scan; (2) 4D‐CBCT images reconstructed by FeaCo‐DCN achieved 3D tumor localization accuracy within 2.5 mm; (3) image reconstruction is nearly real time; and (4) FeaCo‐DCN achieved superior performance by all metrics compared to the top‐ranked techniques in the AAPM SPARE Challenge.ConclusionThe proposed FeaCo‐DCN is effective and efficient in reconstructing 4D‐CBCT while reducing about 90% of the scanning time, which can be highly valuable for moving target localization in image‐guided radiotherapy.
Clinical trials in desmoid‐type fibromatosis in children and adults: A systematic review
Authors: van Maren Simone A. , van Noesel Max M. , Husson Olga , van der Graaf Winette T. A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDesmoid‐type fibromatosis (DTF) is a rare locally aggressive soft tissue neoplasm, which occurs in children and adults, with a peak incidence in young adults. For the majority of the patients, DTF is a chronic and symptomatic disease, which affects health‐related quality of life. Systemic treatment regimens tend to differ for patients treated by pediatric oncologists compared to medical oncologists. This systematic review identified 14 clinical trials in children and adults with DTF. Tumor response and progression‐free survival rates varied widely between studies and study populations. Treatment choices for patients with DTF are based on a paucity of (randomized) trials. Treatment principles of DTF are similar in pediatric and adult oncology, but the treatment itself is different. This seems mostly driven by a lack of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) accessibility in pediatric oncology. An insufficient number of studies examined patient‐reported outcomes, which are extremely important for patients with a chronic disease like DTF.
Identification of RCC1–LCK as a novel fusion gene in pediatric erythroid sarcoma
Authors: Oya Satoru , Osone Shinya , Yoshida Masanori , Nishimoto Sota , Taura Yoshihiro , Yoshida Hideki , Miyachi Mitsuru , Inaba Tohru , Konishi Eiichi , Kato Motohiro , Imamura Toshihiko , Iehara Tomoko 
Published: June 2022

AbstractErythroid sarcoma is a very rare subtype of myeloid sarcoma with undetermined biological features. Here, we present an infant with a multifocal erythroid sarcoma, diagnosed because the tumor cells were positive for glycophorin A. After acute myeloid leukemia‐oriented chemotherapy and surgical resection followed by cord blood transplantation, he has successfully maintained complete remission without any late effects. Total transcriptome analysis of the tumor identified a novel fusion gene, RCC1–LCK, and high LCK expression levels, suggesting that LCK overexpression was involved in leukemogenesis in this case.
Environmentally sustainable chemical treatment of plant fibers for improved performance of polymeric composites
Authors: Das Partha Pratim , Manral Ankit , Ahmad Furkan , Sharma Bhasha , Chaudhary Vijay , Gupta Sumit , Gupta Pallav 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe present study compares the results of two different chemical treatments of plant fibers reinforcement in terms of mechanical performance and their environmental impact considering sustainability. Jute/Hemp/Flax and their hybrid bidirectional mats were treated separately with two different chemicals namely sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). The impact of the treatments on the mechanical performance of developed polymeric composites was found to be positive when compared to non‐treated fiber‐reinforced composites. Alkaline treatment showed better mechanical properties as compared to sodium bicarbonate treatment while using a low concentration solution, but the situation was reversed when a higher concentration solution was used. The present study also compares the pH value of the residue chemical solution after both the treatments which is a direct indicator of the acidic level present in the solution. Interestingly, the pH value of the residue chemical solution after the sodium bicarbonate treatment of the fibers was found in the neutral range indicating that the solution is not harmful to the environment and helps in maintaining sustainability while disposing of after the treatment. On the other hand, the ph value (measure using a pH meter) of the sodium hydroxide solution was in the strong alkaline indicating harmful effects in the disposing area. The environmentally friendly treatment of natural fibers with sodium bicarbonate could have a large commercial potential for polymeric composites for various applications.
Development of and insights from systems pharmacology models of antibody‐drug conjugates
Authors: Lam Inez , Pilla Reddy Venkatesh , Ball Kathryn , Arends Rosalinda H. , Mac Gabhann Feilim 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAntibody‐drug conjugates (ADCs) have gained traction in the oncology space in the past few decades, with significant progress being made in recent years. Although the use of pharmacometric modeling is well‐established in the drug development process, there is an increasing need for a better quantitative biological understanding of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic relationships of these complex molecules. Quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) approaches can assist in this endeavor; recent computational QSP models incorporate ADC‐specific mechanisms and use data‐driven simulations to predict experimental outcomes. Various modeling approaches and platforms have been developed at the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical scales, and can be further integrated to facilitate preclinical to clinical translation. These new tools can help researchers better understand the nature and mechanisms of these targeted therapies to help achieve a more favorable therapeutic window. This review delves into the world of systems pharmacology modeling of ADCs, discussing various modeling efforts in the field thus far.
Timing of induction of labour in the prevention of prolonged pregnancy: Systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Geneen Louise J. , Gilbert James , Reeves Tim , Mainie Pramod , Maresh Michael , Smith Lisa , Wu Pensee , Parisaei Maryam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo update the systematic review which informed the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guideline “Inducing Labour” (NG207), including additional data and analyses, and comparison with a recent individual patient data analysis of 41‐ versus 42‐week induction.Search StrategyMultiple database search (including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, and Embase) from inception to 10th September 2021 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing different induction timing in uncomplicated singleton pregnancies.Data Collection and AnalysisOne reviewer screened, extracted, analysed, and assessed the quality/certainty of the evidence (using ROB1 and GRADE), with second reviewer verification.Main ResultsFive week‐to‐week comparisons, and one overall comparison (induction vs. delayed induction, 20 RCTs, n = 15 725 pregnant women) for assessment of predefined subgroups. Most data were for 41 versus 42 weeks and 39 versus 41 weeks: 10 times as many participants as the other week‐to‐week comparisons. There was evidence of an effect at 41 versus 42 weeks (five RCTs, n = 5819) in favour of 41‐week induction: fewer perinatal deaths and neonatal intensive care unit admissions (low‐to‐moderate certainty of the evidence); there was no evidence of an effect in either direction for the remaining outcomes (very‐low to moderate certainty). There was no evidence of an effect for outcomes reported for: 40 versus 42 weeks (three RCTs, n = 668, very‐low to low certainty); 39 versus 42 weeks (three RCTs, n = 1103, very‐low to moderate certainty); 39 versus 41 weeks (four RCTs, n = 7101, very‐low to low certainty); and 41/42 versus 43/44 weeks (four RCTs, n = 954, very‐low to low certainty).ConclusionThe evidence supports offering induction at 41 + 0 weeks compared to 42 + 0 weeks to reduce adverse perinatal and obstetric outcomes.
Dual Regulation of Metal Doping and Adjusting Cut‐Off Voltage for MoSe2 to Achieve Reversible Sodium Storage
Authors: Hu Xuejiao , Zhu Ruiyu , Wang Beibei , Liu Xiaojie , Wang Hui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMoSe2, as a typical 2D material, possesses tremendous potential in Na‐ion batteries (SIBs) owing to larger interlayer distance, more favorable band gap structure, and higher theoretical specific capacity than other analogs. Nevertheless, the low intrinsic electronic conductivity and irreversible conversion of discharged products of Mo/Na2Se to MoSe2 seriously hamper its electrochemical performance. Herein, through a facile hydrothermal method combined with calcination process, Sn‐doped MoSe2 nanosheets grown on graphene substrate in the vertical direction are fabricated. Benefiting from the improved electronic conductivity contributed by the abundant defects and expanded interlamellar spacing of MoSe2 originated from Sn doping, combined with a smart strategy of raising discharge cut‐off voltage to 0.2 V during the actual performance testing for SIBs, the as‐fabricated anode material delivers superior Na‐ions storage performance in terms of electrons/ions transfer, reversible sodium storage as well as cycle stability. An ultra‐stable reversible specific capacity of 268.5 mAh g–1 at 1 A g–1 can be maintained after 1600 cycles. Moreover, the great sodium storage property in the SIB full‐cell system of the as‐obtained nanocomposite illustrates practical potential. Density functional theory calculation and in situ/ex situ measurements are employed to further reveal the storage mechanism and process of Na‐ions.
Advances in Translational 3D Printing for Cartilage, Bone, and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering
Authors: Wang Shenqiang , Zhao Sheng , Yu Jicheng , Gu Zhen , Zhang Yuqi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe regeneration of 3D tissue constructs with clinically relevant sizes, structures, and hierarchical organizations for translational tissue engineering remains challenging. 3D printing, an additive manufacturing technique, has revolutionized the field of tissue engineering by fabricating biomimetic tissue constructs with precisely controlled composition, spatial distribution, and architecture that can replicate both biological and functional native tissues. Therefore, 3D printing is gaining increasing attention as a viable option to advance personalized therapy for various diseases by regenerating the desired tissues. This review outlines the recently developed 3D printing techniques for clinical translation and specifically summarizes the applications of these approaches for the regeneration of cartilage, bone, and osteochondral tissues. The current challenges and future perspectives of 3D printing technology are also discussed.
Recent Advances in Application of Graphitic Carbon Nitride‐Based Catalysts for Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation
Authors: Zhang Lei , Hou Shaoqi , Wang Tianyi , Liu Sixiao , Gao Xiaochun , Wang Chengyin , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAmmonia, the second most‐produced chemical, is widely used in agricultural and industrial applications. However, traditional industrial ammonia production dominated by the Haber–Bosch process presents huge resource and environment issues due to the massive energy consumption and CO2 emission. The newly emerged nitrogen fixation technology, photocatalytic N2 reduction reaction (p‐NRR), uses clean solar energy with zero‐emission, holding great prospect to achieve sustainable ammonia synthesis. Although great efforts are made, the p‐NRR catalysts still suffer from poor N2 adsorption and activation, inferior light absorption, and fast recombination of photocarriers. Due to the tunable electronic structure of the metal‐free polymeric graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4), the above‐mentioned issues can be significantly alleviated, making it the most promising p‐NRR photocatalyst. This review summarizes the recent development of g‐C3N4‐based catalysts for p‐NRR, including the working principle of p‐NRR catalysts, the challenges of developing p‐NRR catalysts, and corresponding solutions. Particularly, the roles of defect engineering and heterojunction construction on g‐C3N4 to the enhancement of photocatalytic performances are emphasized. In addition, computational studies are introduced to deepen the understanding of reaction pathways. At last, perspectives are provided on the development of p‐NRR catalysts.