bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Samers förtroende för förvaltningen av vattenkraft: en enkätstudie
Authors:   Stockholm Environment Institute, Inga Katarina , Kløcker Larsen Rasmus 
Published: May 2022

Ett samhälle som genomsyras av medborgerligt förtroende förväntas fungera smidigare och bidra till effektiviteten och legitimiteten i förvaltningen. Trots ökat fokus på medborgerligt förtroende finns det begränsat med forskning som tar hänsyn till urfolks perspektiv, även när det gäller naturresursförvaltning. I Sverige, som är en del av Sápmi, bidrar vattenkraften till närmare hälften av Sveriges totala elproduktion och cirka 80 % kommer från den storskaliga vattenkraften i Sápmi. Etableringen av vattenkraftverken skedde under 1900-talets första hälft som ett led i koloniseringen av Sápmi, en process som samerna hade lite – om ens något – att säga till om. Många av dessa orättvisor lever fortfarande kvar än idag. Det är därför viktigt att utvärdera det förtroende som samerna har gentemot aktörer inom förvaltningen av vattenkraft för att bättre förstå dess potentiella legitimitet. I den här studien samlades data in via en enkätundersökning bland samer under 2020 i syfte att förstå vilket förtroende de har för att aktörerna skyddar och respekterar samiska rättigheter. Frågorna togs fram tillsammans med en referensgrupp bestående av samiska experter och bygger på teoribildningen kring förtroendedynamik i en urfolkskontext. Vi valde att fokusera på hur förtroende påverkas av faktorer som sårbarhet (oro), inflytande (möjlighet att påverka beslut), och hur man upplever länsstyrelsernas och vattenkraftsbolagens kompetens i samiska rättigheter och bemötande (kommunikation). Totalt svarade 298 personer på enkäten. Resultaten från enkäten och våra statistiska analyser visar att det finns en stor oro bland våra respondenter att samiskt bruk, såsom vatten-, mark- och naturresursanvändning och kultur, påverkas negativt av vattenkraften. Dessutom är förtroendet för både länsstyrelse och vattenkraftsbolag mycket lågt – något som korrelerar med den höga oron för negativ påverkan, uppfattningar om begränsade möjligheter att påverka beslut om vattenkraft, otillräcklig kompetens om samiska rättigheter bland aktörerna och bristfällig kommunikation. Vi argumenterar i rapporten för att det låga förtroendet bland våra samiska respondenter för länsstyrelserna och vattenkraftsbolagen är en konsekvens av tendensen hos dessa aktörer, och även den svenska regeringen, att begränsa samiskt deltagande och inflytande i naturresursförvaltning till intressentbaserade dialoger, utan att på allvar bemöta samiska rättighetsanspråk. Vi föreslår att det är osannolikt att insatserna hos statliga myndigheter eller vattenkraftsbolagen kommer att avsevärt förbättra förtroendet hos samer – och därmed legitimiteten av vattenkraftsförvaltningen – så länge man avstår från att adressera de underliggande rättighetsfrågor som faktiskt är viktiga för samer.
Melt probabilities and surface temperature trends on the Greenland ice sheet using a Gaussian mixture model
Authors: Clarkson Daniel , Eastoe Emma , Leeson Amber 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. The Greenland ice sheet has experienced significant melt over the past 6 decades, with extreme melt events covering large areas of the ice sheet. Melt events are typically analysed using summary statistics, but the nature and characteristics of the events themselves are less frequently analysed. Our work examines melt events from a statistical perspective by modelling 19 years of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) ice surface temperature data using a Gaussian mixture model. We use a mixture model with separate model components for ice and meltwater temperatures at 1139 cells spaced across the ice sheet. By considering the uncertainty in the ice surface temperature measurements, we use the two categories of model components to define, for each observation, a probability of melt which is independent of any pre-defined fixed melt threshold. This probability can then be used to estimate the expected number of melt events at a given cell. Furthermore, the model can be used to estimate temperature quantiles at a given cell and analyse temperature and melt trends over time by fitting the model to subsets of time. Fitting the model to data from 2001–2009 and 2010–2019 shows increases in melt probability and yearly expected maximum temperatures for significant portions of the ice sheet.
Granulomatose com poliangiite: Forma localizada com pseudotumor orbital – relato de caso
Authors: Rodrigues Jefferson Medeiros , Figueiredo Lucas Miranda Minervini de , Proença Junior Wilian Benedito de , Tiago Chiara Aparecida Borges 
Published: May 2022

Introdução: Granulomatose com poliangiite (GPA) conhecida também como granulomatose de Wegener é uma vasculite pauci-imune caracterizada pela tríade de acometimento do trato respiratório superior, pulmão e os rins, mas pode acometer qualquer órgão ou sistema. Pode ser classificada de acordo a sua apresentação clínica em forma localizada, sistêmica inicial, generalizada, grave e forma refratária. O diagnóstico é clínico, histopatológico e laboratorial com presença dos auto-anticorpos característicos. O tratamento é realizado através de terapia imunossupressora. Objetivo: Relatar as características clínicas e laboratoriais de um paciente com GPA em sua forma localizada, que apresenta infiltrados inflamatórios no espaço retro-orbital (pseudotumor orbitário), com ênfase na importância do diagnóstico precoce e manejo adequado. Descrição do caso: Paciente masculino de 40 anos, sem comorbidades, com quadro de sinusopatia crônica refratária a tratamento clínico, sem sintomas sistêmicos ou constitucionais. A biópsia nasal demonstrou processo inflamatório granulomatoso crônico. Evoluiu com extensão de acometimento para sistema oftalmológico, manifestado através de perda da acuidade visual e dor retro orbitária à direita. Exames laboratoriais evidenciaram anticorpo anticitoplasma de neutrófilos (ANCA-c) e anticorpos antiproteinase 3 positivos. Não houveram achados patológicos em outros sistemas orgânicos. Paciente foi abordado cirurgicamente para descompressão orbitária e recebeu tratamento para indução de remissão com metilprednisolona e posteriormente prednisona associada à metotrexato, com melhora acentuada dos sintomas. Conclusão: Ter a GPA como diagnóstico diferencial de doenças do trato respiratório superior, assim como conhecer suas formas de apresentação e propedêutica diagnóstica, é essencial para uma abordagem terapêutica adequada e oportuna a fim de evitar danos irreversíveis e melhorar o prognóstico do paciente.
Periprosthetic knee fractures in an elderly population: open reduction and internal fixation vs distal femur megaprostheses
Authors: De Marco Davide , Messina Federica , Meschini Cesare , Oliva Maria Serena , Rovere Giuseppe , Maccagnano Giuseppe , Noia Giovanni , Maccauro Giulio , Ziranu Antonio 
Published: May 2022

The incidence of periprosthetic fractures of distal femur (PPDFFx) after primary total knee arthroplasties is described around 0.3% and 2.5% and it is increasing as the number of patients with total knee arthroplasty continues to arise. surgical options treatments for PPDFFx include fixation in the form of eather Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), or retrograde intramedullary nailing (RIMN), or conventional (non locked) plating, or locked plating such as the Less Invasive Stabilization System (LISS), or dynamic condylar screws. In recent years, however, the use of megaprostheses has been increasing. Patients with periprosthetic fractures of distal femur after primary total knee arthroplasties treated with ORIF or with the use of Distal femur replacement (DFR) were retrospectively analyzed in this to evaluate differences in intra-operative blood loss, need of blood trasfusion, weight bearing, range of motion, rate of complications, rate of revision surgery and functional outcome according Oxford Knee Score between two groups. Treatment of Periprosthetic distal femur fracture remains controversial. While ORIF seems to guarantee less percentage of complications and reoperation rate, those treated with megaprosthesis seem to gain better range of motion in a very short post-operative time. In the future it will be necessary to investigate with greater numbers possible advantages and disadvantages of the various treatments in periprosthetic distal femur fractures.
Excessively Harsh Critique and Democratic Rhetoric: The Enigma of Bhimrao Ambedkar’s Riddles in Hinduism
Authors: Stroud Scott R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Democracy seems torn between the ideal search for harmony and unity and the reality of polarizing differences and injustices. Harsh criticism both seems a useful response to societal problems and appears to undermine the search for this ideal of unity. This article engages Bhimrao Ambedkar, the Indian statesman and anti-caste philosopher, to explore this tension in democratic rhetoric. By placing his harsh critique of Hinduism in Riddles in Hinduism in conversation with his crafting of fraternity and love as ideals in The Buddha and His Dhamma, we can perceive the tense dialectic between the democratic injunction to seek community with opponents and the very human impulse to harshly criticize those perpetuating injustice. Analyzing archival drafts of his work that capture his processes of revision and invention, I extract a sense of tentative critique as an entailed form of Ambedkar’s reconstructive rhetoric. Such a tentative rhetorical style reduces the tensions between loving one’s enemies and harshly criticizing one’s opponents by introducing ways to lessen the impact of excessive critique, showing Ambedkar’s potential as an innovative thinker in the global history of rhetoric.
The Etymological Demon in Love
Authors: Robinson Daniel 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
A missing word haunts Milton’s epic poem on loss. While Milton scholarship is silent on the absence of “demon” in Paradise Lost, the word is a shaping presence narratively involved in the subtext from start to finish. Milton leans on the classical etymology of “demon” to offer a reading of Satan’s duality and is especially indebted to Plato, who uses the form daimonion to refer to a divine source. That Milton uses Greek sources to shape the contours of the suppressed word and gives Platonic demons primacy compels readers to question his intentions. By silently enfolding Platonic, Septuagintal, New Testament, Homeric, and Hesiodic demons into the poem, Milton maps Satan’s subconscious rejection of reason in favor of the idols of self-seduction, self-worship, and pride.
Economics of Water Trading in Consumptive Use
Authors: Ghosh Sanchari 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The economics of water trading in consumptive use has often overlooked the conservation incentives inherent in such trading when institutional rules like prior appropriation govern allocation of water. Utilizing an analytical framework of water trading between two irrigation water users employing irrigation techniques of similar efficiency, the study demonstrates how trade in consumptive use of water reduces incentives for greater diversion by users with prior claims to water, as compared with trade in water diverted. It also shows that such transfer increases the marginal value of water use for those users with junior (priority) claims to water rights. In addition, it explores the applicability of METRIC as a recent innovation in measuring consumptive water use at the field level, lowering the costs of water trading at a smaller spatial scale.
Passage of Phosphorus-free Lawn Fertilizer Laws by U.S. States
Authors: Lee Seungyub , McCann Laura 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPhosphorus (P) is an essential plant nutrient, but it can pollute rivers and lakes. State laws banning P in lawn fertilizer can reduce pollutant loads from urban areas. A random effects panel probit model using nationwide data from various sources was estimated to analyze factors affecting passage of these laws. To test hypotheses regarding alternative theories, we incorporated variables relating to public interest, private interest, ideology, and diffusion literatures and found support for all of them. States with higher percentages of water area were more likely to pass P-free laws, as were those with higher percentages of employment in water-related industries. Surprisingly, states with more fertilizer companies were more likely to pass P-free laws, but the effect was quadratic. We found an S-shaped diffusion curve as a function of time. No laws have been passed since 2013, when Scotts dropped P from their Turf Builder fertilizers.
Additionality in Agricultural Conservation Programs and Extension Services
Authors: Wang Hua , Pathak Santosh , Adusumilli Naveen 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
We present in this article estimates of the extent to which conservation cost-share programs and extension services are additional, using farm-level survey data from Louisiana. Farmers’ adoption decisions for 12 soil conservation practices on agricultural land are analyzed, using the propensity score matching approach. We find a varying impact of financial incentives and technical assistance across different soil management practices. Results reveal positive additionality for farm-specific conservation plans, conservation tillage, and zero-grade fields. Payment to avoid the burning of crop residue is nonadditional. These findings guide funding agencies in making conservation investments cost-effective while also attaining environmental goals.
An Analysis of Private Sector Actors’ Implementation of Uganda’s Petroleum Industry Local Content Policies
Authors: Byaruhanga Julius 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
The (un)successful implementation of local content policies (LCPs) is often attributed to the oil and gas industries’ corporate demands. Uganda discovered commercially viable oil and gas in 2006 and consequently adopted LCPs. However, limited research has looked at how private sector actors have responded to LCPs. This article analyzes how they have responded to the LCP requirements and to what effect. Sixty-seven key informant interviews with public, private, and civil society actors were conducted together with analysis of local content public and private sector reports and legal and policy documents. Findings indicate that local suppliers have adopted joint-venture mechanisms and enhanced their capacities through on-the-job training offered by international oil companies in response to both LCPs and industry corporate requirements. International companies have also changed their structures and policies to develop local suppliers’ capacities. I conclude by arguing for the establishment of all-inclusive local content development programs.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS À OBESIDADE: UMA BREVE REVISÃO NARRATIVA
Authors: Nascimento Ozanildo Vilaça do , Nascimento Whendel Mesquita do , Melo Caroline dos Santos , Lima Emerson Silva 
Published: May 2022

Considerada um problema de saúde pública, a obesidade é uma patologia comumente observada em todas as faixas etárias, não distingue sexo, posição social ou classe econômica. Estudos apontam uma afinidade entre vários fatores e o estilo de vida e suas correlações, produzindo um quadro de sobrepeso, tendo como produto final a adiposidade. Sendo assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa informando e atualizado os recentes e mais significativos estudos sobre o tema. Foram selecionados artigos nacionais e internacionais entre os anos de 2010 e 2020 nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Portal Periódicos Capes, US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health Search database (PubMed) e Science Medline. O montante dessa revisão apontara correlação significativa entre os fatores ambientais, comportamentais, genético e fisiológicos como determinantes no processo de aquisição da obesidade. Apesar ser multifatorial as causas da obesidade o fator ambiental é visto como um dos principais determinantes para o aumento desta patologia, na forma em que estimula o consumo exagerado de calorias combinado a um gasto energético diminuído.
Educational program on nurses attitude toward documentation in Al-Furat Alawsatt teaching hospital
Authors: Jebur Hayder Ghaleb , Mohameed Shatha Saadi 
Published: May 2022

Nursing documentation's purpose is to show that an organization maintains thorough written record of its planning, delivery, assessment, and evaluation of patient care, as well as to serve as a source of information for new nurses and maybe for nursing theory development.It contains all written information related to the patient's condition and needs.From September 21, 2020 to March 7, 2022, the researcher at Al-Furat Al-Awsat Teaching Hospital in Al-Najaf City used a quasi-experimental design with two groups and two evaluation stages to assess the effectiveness of the educational program in improving attitudes, and practices related to nursing documentation. A total of (50) nurses were randomly assigned to two groups and enrolled using non-probability deliberate selection procedures. To the control group,which maintained the same level of attitudes, and practices with a modest decline in nursing documentation attitudes, and practices. Furthermore, the education program was shown to be effective in increasing nurses' documentation attitudes, and behaviors, according to the study. Furthermore, a method like this is useful in shielding nurses from being documented.Based on the above-mentioned findings, the current study suggest that the Ministry of Health should consider nurses’ benefits.
Consenso sobre incongruencia/disforia de género
Authors: Sierra Osorio Ariana Margarita , Tovar Henry , Imitola Madero Angelica Maria , Chahin Silvia , Angulo Imitola Mario , Cantini Jorge , Riatiga Ibañez Diego Armando , Palacios Bayona Karen Lorena , Bautista Alarcón Karina Andrea , Atuesta Fajardo Juanita Yolanda 
Published: May 2022

Introducción: La DG/IG es la insatisfacción de un individuo con su género asignado y su identificación con un género distinto al asociado con su sexo de nacimiento, basado en las características sexuales físicas y dado por su genitalidad al nacer. La "disforia" se refiere también a la angustia y el malestar psicológico experimentado; solo algunas personas con DG/IG experimentan disforia en algún momento de sus vidas. La DG/IG es una condición, la cual no debe ser evaluada como inherentemente patológica o negativa.
Objetivo: Generar recomendaciones a partir del consenso de expertos acerca de la terminología, criterios diagnósticos sobre la DG/IG, manejo integral de comorbilidades en la incongruencia/disforia de género, definir el manejo y las metas terapéuticas de la terapia hormonal de afirmación de género en mayores de 18 años, definir los criterios para la realización de la cirugía de afirmación de género, definir el seguimiento médico en mayores de 18 años con DG/IG, definir los criterios para el uso de bloqueadores de la pubertad, definir los criterios y las recomendaciones para el inicio de la terapia hormonal de afirmación de género (THAG) y definir el algoritmo de manejo para abordaje del recién nacido con genitales atípicos-asignación de sexo certero.
Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un consenso tipo Delphi modificado, participaron 10 especialistas clínicos (endocrinólogos, endocrinólogos pediatras, cirujano plástico estético y reconstructivo, urólogo y psiquiatra) y un grupo desarrollador. A partir del análisis de los resultados, se presentaron las recomendaciones.
Resultados: Se obtuvieron recomendaciones acerca de terminología, criterios diagnósticos sobre la DG/IG, manejo integral de comorbilidades en la DG/IG, manejo y metas terapéuticas del THAG en mayores de 18 años, criterios para la realización de CAG, seguimiento médico en mayores de 18 años con DG/IG, criterios para el uso de bloqueadores de la pubertad, criterios y recomendaciones para el inicio de la THAG y un algoritmo de manejo para abordaje del recién nacido con genitales atípicos-asignación de sexo certero.
Conclusiones: La DG y la IG son palabras similares, pero no sinónimas. Sin embargo, sus criterios diagnósticos, tratamientos hormonales afirmativos, cirugías de afirmación de género y el seguimiento médico son los mismos
Influência religiosa sobre a tolerância política aos homossexuais: análise comparativa na América Latina
Authors: Alcantara Naiara Sandi de Almeida 
Published: May 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a influência da religião sobre a tolerância política em relação aos homossexuais e, igualmente, identificar quais aspectos religiosos são mais proeminentes no ato de tolerar, através dos três B's belonging, believing e behaving. O material empírico é oriundo do Latin American Public Opinion Project (LAPOP), mais especificamente das rodadas de questionários de 2014 a 2019, aplicadas no Brasil, Uruguai, El Salvador e Guatemala. Parte-se da hipótese (H1) de que os países com os menores índices de tolerância possuem indivíduos ativos religiosamente, que atribuem maior importância à religião e são filiados a denominações religiosas mais conservadoras. Através de regressões lineares, , bem como análises comparativas, constatou-se que a H1 foi parcialmente confirmada, pois em apenas uma rodada constatou-se significativas diferenças entre os países. Portanto, de maneira geral a denominação religiosa protestante influencia igualmente os quatro países ocasionando diminuição da tolerância.
MENCERMATI PENGGUNAAN METODE KUALITATIF DI LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH TINGGI TEOLOGI
Authors: Manurung Kosma 
Published: May 2022

Research methods are an integral part of science. The research method has an important meaning in terms of helping to understand, work on, assess, and the basis of the validity of a scientific work. The purpose of this study is to describe the use of qualitative research methods among theological colleges. This article uses descriptive methods and literature review. Based on the results of the discussion of this article, it can be concluded that the use of qualitative methods in theological high school environment is generally used in two types of research, namely based on field research and based on literature research. Qualitative methods based on field research can use phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography, and case studies. While the qualitative methods used in theological high school environment based on literature research can be in the form of narrative, description, literature review, and exegesis. Metode penelitian adalah bagian yang tak terpisahkan dari ilmu pengetahuan. Metode penelitian memiliki arti penting dalam hal untuk membantu memahami, mengerjakan, menilai, dan landasan keabsahan sebuah karya ilmiah. Maksud dari penelitian ini ingin mengambarkan penggunaan metode penelitian kualitatif di kalangan sekolah tinggi teologi. Artikel ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan kajian literatur. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan artikel ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan metode kualitatif di lingkungan sekolah tinggi teologi secara umum digunakan dalam dua macam penelitian yaitu berdasarkan penelitian lapangan dan berdasarkan penelitian literatur. Metode kualitatif berdasarkan penelitian lapangan bisa menggunakan fenomenologi, grounded theory, etnografi, dan studi kasus. Sedangkan metode kualitatif yang digunakan di lingkungan sekolah tinggi teologi berdasarkan penelitian literatur bisa berupa narasi, deskripsi, kajian literatur, dan eksigesa.