bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRIM26 inhibits gastric cancer development by regulating SLC7A11-mediated ferroptosis pathway
Authors: Guo Xueyan , Li Yulong , Wan Bingbing , Lv Yifei , Wang Xue , Liu Guisheng , Wang Ping 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
TRIM26 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that has been shown to regulate tumor progression. However, the role of TRIM26 in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role and mechanism of TRIM26 in GC.
Methods
CCK-8 assay, wound healing assay and Transwell invasion assay were used to explore the specific role of TRIM26 in GC cells. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the expression levels of TRIM26, SLC7A11, COX-2, Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and other related genes in cells. The levels of GSH, MDA and ROS were detected by kits.
Results
The expression of TRIM26 was down-regulated in GC tissues and cells. Low expression of TRIM26 enhanced the viability, migration activity and invasive ability of MGC-803 cells. Overexpression of TRIM26 significantly reduced cell viability, migration and invasion abilities. Further studies found that TRIM26 participated in the process of ferroptosis by regulating the expression of SLC7A11, thereby affecting the development of GC.
Conclusion
We demonstrated for the first time that TRIM26 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells by regulating SLC7A11-mediated ferroptosis. TRIM26 may be a new target for the clinical treatment of GC.
Measuring Child Labor: Whom Should Be Asked,
and Why It Matters
Authors: Lichand Guilherme , Wolf Sharon 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Child labor is a pervasive practice; according to the International Labor Organization, there are 160 million child workers worldwide. That figure might, however, greatly underestimate the extent of the issue, since child labor indicators are typically based on surveys with parents – who have no incentive to truthfully disclose that their children work. This, in turn, poses important challenges to the ability of governments and international organizations to monitor and enforce children’s rights. This paper provides first-hand evidence on this issue by combining survey data, based on independent reports from primary school children and their parents in two cocoa-producing regions of Côte d’Ivoire, with novel third-party data from costly certification of cocoa production in these regions, partly based on satellite imagery. We show that adults dramatically under-report child labor in our study sample by a factor of at least 60%. Calibrating a statistical model to account for non-linearity in under-reporting and heterogeneity by local characteristics, we predict the bias-adjusted share of children in employment for each country, and estimate that child labor might affect over 373 million 7-14 year-old children worldwide (95% CI: [~336 million; ~412 million]), nearly 3-fold its global prevalence according to the World Development Indicators. In turn, we document that children self-reports provide accurate regional and aggregate accounts of child labor. Last, evaluating the impacts of a campaign to discourage child labor, we also show that parents’ reports not only underestimate its prevalence, but can even lead to the wrong conclusions about whether and how policy interventions affect child labor.
Low incidence of pelvic sepsis following Hartmann’s procedure for rectal cancer – a retrospective multicentre study
Authors: Mariusdottir Elin , Jörgren Fredrik , Mondlane Amelia , Wikström Jens , Lydrup Marie-Louise , Buchwald Pamela 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Results of previous studies regarding pelvic sepsis after Hartmann’s procedure (HP) for rectal cancer have been inconsistent and few studies report the risk factors. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of pelvic sepsis after HP, identify risk factors and describe when as well as how pelvic sepsis was diagnosed and treated.
Methods
Data were collected from the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry on all patients undergoing HP for rectal cancer in the county of Skåne from 2007-2017. Patients diagnosed with pelvic sepsis were compared with patients without pelvic sepsis and risk factors for developing pelvic sepsis were analysed in a multivariable model.
Results
A total of 252 patients were included in the study, with 149 (59%) males, and a median age of 75 years (range 20-92). Altogether, 27 patients (11%) were diagnosed with pelvic sepsis. Risk factors for developing pelvic sepsis were neoadjuvant radiotherapy (OR 7.96, 95% CI 2.54-35.36) and BMI over 25 kg/m2 (OR 5.26, 95% CI 1.80-19.50). Median time from operation to diagnosis was 21 days (range 5-355) with 11 (40%) patients diagnosed beyond 30 days postoperatively. The majority of cases 19 (70%) were treated conservatively and none needed major surgery.
Conclusion
Pelvic sepsis occurred in 11% of patients. Neoadjuvant radiotherapy and higher BMI were significant risk factors for developing pelvic sepsis. Forty percent of patients were diagnosed later than 30 days postoperatively and most patients were successfully treated conservatively. Our findings suggest that HP is a valid treatment option for rectal cancer when anastomosis is inappropriate, even in patients receiving neoadjuvant radiotherapy.
Imperatorin Attenuates the Proliferation of MCF-7 Cells in Combination
with Radiotherapy or Hyperthermia
Authors: Najafi Masoud , Taeb Shahram , Farhood Bagher , Amini Peyman , Nodooshan Saeedeh Jafari , Ashrafizadeh Milad , Aliasgharzadeh Akbar , Vakili Zarichehr , Tavakoli Saeed , Aryafar Tayebeh , Musa Ahmed Eleojo 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of malignancies in the world. Cancer resistance is an unavoidable consequence of therapy with radiation or other modalities. On-going research aims to improve cancer response to therapy.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible sensitization effect of imperatorin (IMP) in combination with external radiotherapy (ERT) or HT.

Method:
After treatment of MCF-7 breast cancer cells with IMP, cells were exposed to 4 Gy X-rays or HT (42 °C for 1 hour). The viability of MCF-7 cells was measured using an MTT assay. Further-more, the expression of pro-apoptotic genes, including Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, was investigated using real-time PCR. The sensitizing effect of IMP in combination with ERT or HT was calculated and compared to ERT or HT alone.

Results:
Results showed an increase in the expression of pro-apoptotic genes and downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 following ERT and HT. Furthermore, cell viability was reduced following these treatments. IMP was able to augment these effects of ERT and HT.

Conclusion:
IMP could increase the efficiency of HT and ERT. This effect of IMP may suggest it as an adjuvant for increasing the therapeutic efficiency of ERT.
Molecular Docking and Pharmacokinetic Studies of Aquillochin and
Grewin as SARS-CoV-2 Mpro Inhibitors
Authors: Cetin Adnan 
Published: March 2022

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic emerged at the end of 2019 in China and spread rapidly all over the world. Scientists strive to find virus-specific antivirals against COVID-19 dis-ease. This study aimed to assess bioactive coumarinolignans (Aquillochin, Grewin) as potential SARS-CoV-2 main protease (SARS-CoV-2 Mpro) inhibitors using a molecular docking study.

Methods:
The detailed interactions between coumarinolignans and SARS-CoV-2 Mpro were de-termined as hydrophobic bonds, hydrogen bonds, electronic bonds, inhibition activity, ligand effi-ciency, bonding type, and distance using Autodock 4.2 software. SARS-CoV-2 Mpro was docked with Aquillochin and Grewin, and the docking results were analyzed by Autodock 4.2 and Biovia Discovery Studio 4.5. Nelfinavir and Lopinavir were used as standards for comparison.

Results:
The binding energies of the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro-coumarinolignan’s complexes were iden-tified from the molecular docking of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Aquillochin and Grewin were found to be -7.5 and -8.4 kcal/mol, respectively. The binding sites of the coumarinolignans to SARS-CoV-2 Mpro were identified with the main interactions being π-alkyl, alkyl, π-cation, π-π T-Shaped, and hydrogen bonding. Furthermore, SwissADME web tools were used to evaluate ADMET properties and pharmacokinetic parameters of Aquillochin and Grewin. The results of ADMET and pharma-cokinetic results of the Aquillochin and Grewin showed that these coumarinolignans were conso-nant with the many accepted rules and the criteria of drug-likeness.

Conclusion:
Aquillochin and Grewin obey Lipinski’s rule of five. According to the results obtained from molecular docking studies and ADMET predictions, Aquillochin and Grewin have shown weak efficacy as drug candidates against COVID-19 disease.
QSAR Modeling of Styrylquinoline Derivatives as HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors
Authors: Mouhsin Mouad , Chtita Samir , Mbarki Mohamed , Oubenali Mustapha , Echajia Malika , Ouafy Tarik El , Gamouh Ahmed 
Published: March 2022

Background:
AIDAIDS is a complicated disease, and the underlying complication makes a total
cure impossible. This demands the vigorous need for suitable anti-HIV agents. Styrylquinoline, a
quinolone derivative, emerged as a potent HIV-IN inhibitor.S is a complicated disease, and the underlying complication makes a total cure impossible. This demands the vigorous need of suitable anti-HIV agents. Styrylquinoline, a quinolone derivative emerged as a potent HIV-IN inhibitor.

Objective:
This study aims to construct an easily transferable and reproducible model that relates the
biological activities of styrylquinoline derivatives to their molecular descriptors.

Method:
2D Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies were carried out on a series
of 36 styrylquinoline derivatives.

Results:
The technique of recursive feature elimination with random forests was used to select the descriptors rich in information regarding biological activity. The selected descriptors were used in QSAR studies based on multiple linear regression (MLR) and multiple nonlinear regression (MNLR). The performance of models was evaluated by internal and external validations. The values of R_pred^2 and Q_LOO^2for the MLR model are 0.814 and 0.713 respectively, while the MNLR model has R_pred^2 and Q_LOO^2values of 0.810 and 0.699 respectively.

Conclusion:
The information obtained from 2D-QSAR models will aid in gaining a better understanding
of the structural requirements for creating novel HIV-IN inhibitors.
Improving Outcomes Through Personalized Recommendations in a Remote Diabetes Monitoring Program: Observational Study
Authors: Kamath Sowmya , Kappaganthu Karthik , Painter Stefanie , Madan Anmol 
Published: March 2022

Background
Diabetes management is complex, and program personalization has been identified to enhance engagement and clinical outcomes in diabetes management programs. However, 50% of individuals living with diabetes are unable to achieve glycemic control, presenting a gap in the delivery of self-management education and behavior change. Machine learning and recommender systems, which have been used within the health care setting, could be a feasible application for diabetes management programs to provide a personalized user experience and improve user engagement and outcomes.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate machine learning models using member-level engagements to predict improvement in estimated A1c and develop personalized action recommendations within a remote diabetes monitoring program to improve clinical outcomes.

Methods
A retrospective study of Livongo for Diabetes member engagement data was analyzed within five action categories (interacting with a coach, reading education content, self-monitoring blood glucose level, tracking physical activity, and monitoring nutrition) to build a member-level model to predict if a specific type and level of engagement could lead to improved estimated A1c for members with type 2 diabetes. Engagement and improvement in estimated A1c can be correlated; therefore, the doubly robust learning method was used to model the heterogeneous treatment effect of action engagement on improvements in estimated A1c.

Results
The treatment effect was successfully computed within the five action categories on estimated A1c reduction for each member. Results show interaction with coaches and self-monitoring blood glucose levels were the actions that resulted in the highest average decrease in estimated A1c (1.7% and 1.4%, respectively) and were the most recommended actions for 54% of the population. However, these were found to not be the optimal interventions for all members; 46% of members were predicted to have better outcomes with one of the other three interventions. Members who engaged with their recommended actions had on average a 0.8% larger reduction in estimated A1c than those who did not engage in recommended actions within the first 3 months of the program.

Conclusions
Personalized action recommendations using heterogeneous treatment effects to compute the impact of member actions can reduce estimated A1c and be a valuable tool for diabetes management programs in encouraging members toward actions to improve clinical outcomes.
Exercise-Based Real-time Telerehabilitation for Older Adult Patients Recently Discharged After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: Mixed Methods Feasibility Study
Authors: Brocki Barbara Cristina , Andreasen Jan Jesper , Aaroe Jens , Andreasen Jane , Thorup Charlotte Brun 
Published: March 2022

Background
The use of telehealth technology to improve functional recovery following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has not been investigated.

Objective
In this study, we aimed to examine the feasibility of exercise-based cardiac telerehabilitation after TAVI.

Methods
This was a single-center, prospective, nonrandomized study using a mixed methods approach. Data collection included testing, researchers’ observations, logbooks, and individual patient interviews, which were analyzed using a content analysis approach. The intervention lasted 3 weeks and consisted of home-based web-based exercise training, an activity tracker, a TAVI information website, and 1 web-based session with a nurse.

Results
Of the initially included 13 patients, 5 (40%) completed the study and were interviewed; the median age was 82 (range 74-84) years, and the sample comprised 3 men and 2 women. Easy access to supervised exercise training at home with real-time feedback and use of the activity tracker to count daily steps were emphasized by the patients who completed the intervention. Reasons for patients not completing the program included poor data coverage, participants’ limited information technology skills, and a lack of functionality in the systems used. No adverse events were reported.

Conclusions
Exercise-based telerehabilitation for older people after TAVI, in the population as included in this study, and delivered as a web-based intervention, does not seem feasible, as 60% (8/13) of patients did not complete the study. Those completing the intervention highly appreciated the real-time feedback during the web-based training sessions. Future studies should address aspects that support retention rates and enhance patients’ information technology skills.
Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Salbutamol Sulphate and Ambroxol Hydrochloride in Oral Liquid Dosage Form
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Bansal Mukesh , Agarwal Dilip 
Published: March 2022

Pharmaceutical analysis is imported branch of science deals with to check the identity, strength, quality and purity of chemical and herbal compounds. Qualitative analysis of drugs and pharmaceutical compounds. Quantitative analysis is of much importance and done by various methods. One of the most accurate and precise methods is spectrophotometry which comprises the measurement of intensity of electromagnetic radiation emitted or absorbed by the compound. Another most popular method of for quantitative analysis is high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the present article a RP-HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous determination of salbutamol sulphate and ambroxol hydrochloride in oral liquid doses form and validation of the developed method. Developed methods include selection of mobile phase, chromatographic method, and wavelength whereas validation involves the system suitability, accuracy, precision, linearity, reproducibility, robustness, specificity and solution stability of the developed method. The result showed that the developed method is the best suited to the simultaneous determination of salbutamol sulphate and ambroxol hydrochloride and validated as per the standards.
Formulation, Optimised and Evaluation of Mouth dissolving film of Amoxapine
Authors: Yadav Anjudip , Tripathi Shailendra , Sharma Vandana , Soni S. L. , Tiwari Deeksha 
Published: March 2022

Amoxapine is orally active, acts by decreasing the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin and used for depression. The research work was undertaken to formulate, optimize and evaluation of mouth dissolving film of amoxapine, so that rapid release of drug constituents and give faster action. Mouth dissolving film (MDF) is a better alternative compared to oral disintegrating tablet due to patient compliance. Amoxapinebelongs to Biopharmaceutics Classification System ClassII, means drug have low solubility. The problem is resolved by using Polomer188. MDF prepared by solvent casting method. For preparation of film, hydrophilic polymers were selected as film forming polymers. Different polymers were selected such as different grades of Hydroxyl Propyl Methyl Cellulosei.e. E5, E15, E50.Selection of plasticizer was also done and PEG-400 was found best giving better results. It was found that formulation contain desiredphysio-mechanical properties.
Keywords- Depression, Patient Compliance, BCS II, Polomer188, Solvent Casting
The A Research Article on Antistress Activity of Herbal Extract Oil of Piper Methysticum on Wistar Albino
Authors: Sharma Ankit , Mukim Mohammad , Ancheria Rahul , Jangid Hrishab 
Published: March 2022

The research was carried out to determine the antistress activity of piper methysticum and the animal model used was wistar albino due to it’s worldwide acceptability in researches related to psychology .kava (piper methysticum) root extract was used for abundance of kavlactones hence for the sake of study different percentage of suspensions like 4%, 6%, 8%, 12%, 18%, 30% were prepared and diazepam was selected as standard drug.oecd guideline 423 was followed during acute toxicity studies.no symptoms of acute toxicity was seen during 14 days observational period when given a dose of 2000 mg/kg so on this basis two dose level of 200mg/kg and 400 kg were selected for antistress activity.test model selected for antistress activity were forced swim test, tail suspension test and anoxia stress tolerance test.for respective tests a sharp decline in duration of immobility and increase in anoxia stress tolerance was seen.hence we can conclude that piper methysticum can play a significant role in the field of treating stress after futhur extensive clinical research.
Evaluation of Potential Drug Side Effects in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients who have been Diagnosed by Genexpert Method
Authors: Hasanah Fenny , Dasopang Eva Sartika , Bakri Tedy Kurniawan , D Darmayanto 
Published: March 2022

Objective: to evaluation potential drug side effects in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients who have been diagnosed by genexpert method
Design: this research used a descriptive analysis research design. The population used in this study were MDR-TB patients at the DOTS TB and MDR TB Poly in RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan in 2017-2019, the research sample obtained was 100 patients and data collection used a cross sectional approach.
Interventions: the intervened variable were therapeutic regimen, used of additional drugs and duration of therapy
Main outcome measures: the main measurement in this study was therapeutic side effects
Results: the results showed that treatment of MDR-TB patients mostly used the standard combination regimen, namely Km-Lfx-Eto-Cs-Z- (H) - (E) as much as 35%. Side effect found was nausea at 20.55%. The use of additional vitamin B6 drugs in MDR-TB patients was 92% because treatment using kanamycin, etionamide, levofloxacin and cycloserine had side effects of peripheral neuropathy. Of the length of treatment that was still undergoing treatment in 2019, the highest number was 59%.
Conclusion: it could be concluded the most common side effect found in the average number was nausea at 20.55% and peripheral neuropathy.
Ameliorative Effects of Indigenous Medicinal Plants against Hepatic Diseases in Southern Region of India- A Review
Authors: K Pugazhendy , P Sasikala 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Liver is an important part in human beings and plays a major role in metabolism and excretion of xenobiotics from the body.
Selection of Data: Further, hepatotoxicity is caused by different types of toxic chemicals, such as antibiotics, and chemotherapeutic agents like paracetamol (C8H9NO2), thioacetamide (C2H5NS), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), silymarin (C25H22O10), ethanol (C2H5OH), and excessive alcohol in taking and microbes are well researched. The markedly available synthetic drugs to treat liver sickness in this condition also cause further damage to the liver. Hence herbal medicines have being become popularize and their utilized is wide-spread. In plant derived drugs have been utilized in the treatment of liver diseases for a long time and to protect a healthy liver. Liver injury induced by toxins is more common now-a-days. Herbal remedies are focused in the pharmaceutical industry to evolve a safe route for liver disorders and which is very low prize and also no side effects compared with synthetic drugs.
Conclusion: Hence an attempt has been made to reviewed and compiled the available data on photochemical from medicinal plants that have tested in hepatoprotective models using modern scientific system. For the present investigation the selected plants are Avicennia alba, Anisochilus carnosus Baliospermum montanum, Centella asiatica, Clitoria ternatea, Eclipta alba, Justicia adhatada, Phyllanthus emblica, Pisonia Grandis and Syzgium cumini .
Potential Extract Ethanol of Aloe Vera Gel as a Rejuvination Agent
Authors: Y Kartika , E.L Nyoman , F Edy , N.G Chrismis 
Published: March 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of aloe vera gel in inhibiting skin aging.
Method: The powder was extracted with ethanol in macerated method. Extract ethanol were analyzed for antioxidant activity with DPPH assay. Aloe vera extract that has been obtained then made variations of different extract concentrations namely 3% and 6% based on the orientation of researchers to determine the concentration, then in the formulation into gel. Anti-aging activity testing using skin analyzer tools with moisture parameters, collagen levels, pore, sensitivity before and after exposure to UV A and UV B rays.
Results: IC50 value of aloe vera extract obtained by 138.65 ppm. Based on the classification of antioxidant activity shows that IC50 value of aloe vera extract has moderate antioxidants that range from 101 to 250 ppm. The percentage of moisture content in week I to week IV, F3 has an increase of 26% i.e week 1 is 4% and week IV is 30%. The percentage of collagen levels in week I to week IV, F3 has an increase of 50% i.e week 1 is 30% and week IV is 80%. Increase in the percentage of elasticity in the week I to week IV. F3 had the highest increase of 25%, in week 1 it was 50% and week IV was 75%. A large decrease in pores occurs in weeks I through week IV. F3 had the highest decrease of 0.06 mm, in the week I was 0.07 mm and week IV was 0.01 mm.
Conclusion: Aloe vera extract gel preparation has activity as a rejuvenation agent at a concentration of 6%.