bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viscoelastoplastic classification of cementitious suspensions: transient and non-linear flow analysis in rotational and oscillatory shear flows
Authors: Thiedeitz Mareike , Kränkel Thomas , Gehlen Christoph 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRheological modeling of special concretes such as ultra-high performance concretes (UHPCs), self-compacting concretes (SCCs), or environmentally friendly concretes with low clinker contents but containing many fine particles increases model complexity because high amounts of colloidal and fine particles and complex chemistry result in strongly non-Newtonian rheological behavior. Straight-forward viscoplastic rheological models such as the well-known Bingham- or Herschel-Bulkley approach do not fit the flow behavior on a large scale at and lead to boundary value problems in numerical flow simulations. Increased viscoelastic properties due to chemical admixtures are not described by pure viscoplasticity analysis methods. To fill this gap, our research presents viscoplastic and viscoelastic linear and non-linear rheological characterization methods for common and strongly non-Newtonian cement pastes and combines the methods for a comprehensive viscoelastoplastic modeling of cementitious building materials. We illustrate and discuss the benefits and boundaries of each measurement technique in dependence of cementitious paste complexity. Three solid volume fractions from $$\phi$$
ϕ
= 0.45 to 0.55 and three different flowability ranges, adjusted through varying superplasticizer amounts, were investigated in respect of steady-state and transient yield stress, viscosity, and non-linear viscoelastic material properties. Our results reveal that with increasing solid volume fraction and polymer amount, viscoelastoplastic modeling describes rheological flow on a large flow scale more appropriately than common viscoplastic methods. The results show a new approach for a full quantitative and qualitative rheological classification of cementitious building materials and thus improve the understanding of densely packed colloidal cementitious suspensions. The findings serve as prospective guideline to model complex cementitious building materials both at low and high shear rates, and to find an appropriate rheological description at the boundaries of flow.
Graphical abstract
Anterior ethmoid and frontal sinus drainage pathways: five patterns formed and defined by their bony walls
Authors: Kikawada Toru , Araki Yasutomo , Okamoto Takuya 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To perform endoscopic sinus surgery safely and effectively, surgeons need to visualize the complex anatomy of the anterior ethmoid and frontal sinus region. Because this anatomy is so variable and individualized, the foundation of understanding lies in identifying, following, and visualizing the drainage pathway patterns and anticipating possible variations.

Methods
We studied 100 sides (50 cases: 22 male, 28 female, aged 12–86, average age 46.5 years, ± 19.5) using computed tomography (CT) and multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) to identify and classify the drainage pathways leading to the frontal sinus and anterior ethmoidal cells.

Results
Analysis revealed five patterns of drainage pathways defined by their bony walls: between the uncinate process and the lamina papyracea [UP–LP]; between the uncinate process and the middle turbinate [UP–MT]; between the uncinate process and the accessory uncinate process [UP–UPa]; between the uncinate process and the basal lamella of the ethmoidal bulla [UP–BLEB]; and between the basal lamella of the ethmoidal bulla and the basal lamella of the middle turbinate [BLEB–BLMT]. In most cases, BLEB formed the posterior wall of the drainage pathway of the frontal sinus, indicating BLEB could be one of the most important landmarks for approaching the frontal sinus.

Conclusions
As endoscopic sinus surgery depends on an understanding of this anatomy, this study may help surgeons to identify and follow the drainage pathways more accurately and safely through the anterior ethmoid to the frontal sinus.
Status epilepticus during the COVID-19 pandemic in Cologne, Germany: data from a retrospective, multicentre registry
Authors: Kohle Felix , Madlener Marie , Bruno Emanuel Francesco , Fink Gereon Rudolf , Limmroth Volker , Burghaus Lothar , Malter Michael Peter 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The “coronavirus disease 2019” (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the “severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus 2” (SARS-CoV-2), challenges healthcare systems worldwide and impacts not only COVID-19 patients but also other emergencies. To date, data are scarce on the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacted status epilepticus (SE) and its treatment.

Objective
To assess the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence, management and outcome of SE patients.

Study design
This is a retrospective, multicentre trial, approved by the University of Cologne (21-1443-retro).

Methods
All SE patients from the urban area of Cologne transmitted to all acute neurological departments in Cologne between 03/2019 and 02/2021 were retrospectively analysed and assessed for patient characteristics, SE characteristics, management, and outcome in the first pandemic year compared to the last pre-pandemic year.

Results
157 pre-pandemic (03/2019–02/2020) and 171 pandemic (from 03/2020 to 02/2021) SE patients were included in the analyses. Acute SARS-CoV-2 infections were rarely detected. Patient characteristics, management, and outcome did not reveal significant groupwise differences. In contrast, regarding prehospital management, a prolonged patient transfer to the hospital and variations in SE aetiologies compared to the last pre-pandemic year were observed with less chronic vascular and more cryptogenic and anoxic SE cases. No infections with SARS-CoV-2 occurred during inpatient stays.

Conclusions
SARS-CoV-2 infections did not directly affect SE patients, but the transfer of SE patients to emergency departments was delayed. Interestingly, SE aetiology rates shifted, which warrants further exploration. Fears of contracting an in-hospital SARS-CoV-2-infection were unfounded due to consequent containment measures.
Volcanotectonics: the tectonics and physics of volcanoes and their eruption mechanics
Authors: Gudmundsson Agust , Drymoni Kyriaki , Browning John , Acocella Valerio , Amelung Falk , Bonali Fabio L. , Elshaafi Abdelsalam , Galindo Ines , Geshi Nobuo , Geyer Adelina , Heap Michael J. , Karaoğlu Özgür , Kusumoto Shigekazu , Marti Joan , Pinel Virginie , Tibaldi Alessandro , Thordarson Thorvaldur , Walter Thomas R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe physical processes that operate within, and beneath, a volcano control the frequency, duration, location and size of volcanic eruptions. Volcanotectonics focuses on such processes, combining techniques, data, and ideas from structural geology, tectonics, volcano deformation, physical volcanology, seismology, petrology, rock and fracture mechanics and classical physics. A central aim of volcanotectonics is to provide sufficient understanding of the internal processes in volcanoes so that, when combined with monitoring data, reliable forecasting of eruptions, vertical (caldera) and lateral (landslide) collapses and related events becomes possible. To gain such an understanding requires knowledge of the material properties of the magma and the crustal rocks, as well as the associated stress fields, and their evolution. The local stress field depends on the properties of the layers that constitute the volcano and, in particular, the geometric development of its shallow magma chamber. During this decade an increasing use of data from InSAR, pixel offset and structure-from-motion, as well as dense, portable seismic networks will provide further details on the mechanisms of volcanic unrest, magma-chamber rupture, the propagation of magma-filled fractures (dikes, inclined sheets and sills) and lateral and vertical collapse. Additionally, more use will be made of accurate quantitative data from fossil and active volcanoes, combined with realistic numerical, analytical and machine-learning studies, so as to provide reliable models on volcano behaviour and eruption forecasting.
Low-frequency EPR of ferrimyoglobin fluoride and ferrimyoglobin cyanide: a case study on the applicability of broadband analysis to high-spin hemoproteins and to HALS hemoproteins
Authors: Hagen Wilfred R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAn EPR spectrometer has been developed that can be tuned to many frequencies in the range of ca 0.1–15 GHz. Applicability has been tested on ferrimyoglobin fluoride (MbF) and ferrimyoglobin cyanide (MbCN). MbF has a high-spin (S = 5/2) spectrum with 19F superhyperfine splitting that is only resolved in X-band along the heme normal. Low-frequency EPR also resolves the splitting in the heme plane. Measurement of linewidth as a function of frequency provides the basis for an analysis of inhomogeneous broadening in terms of g-strain, zero-field distribution, unresolved superhyperfine splittings and dipolar interaction. Rhombicity in the g tensor is found to be absent. MbCN (S = 1/2) has a highly anisotropic low spin (HALS) spectrum for which gx cannot be determined unequivocally in X-band. Low-frequency EPR allows for measurement of the complete spectrum and determination of the g-tensor.
Graphical abstract
Methodology for measuring the thermal conductivity of insulating samples with small dimensions by heat flow meter technique
Authors: Sánchez-Calderón Ismael , Merillas Beatriz , Bernardo Victoria , Rodríguez-Pérez Miguel Ángel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNowadays, developing advanced, highly insulating materials for minimizing heat losses in buildings is of utmost relevance. Thus, there is a constant research activity focused on developing new and enhanced solutions for thermal insulation. However, characterizing the behavior of new thermal insulation materials, usually produced at lab-scale with small dimensions, by a steady-state approach is a challenge. The reason is that commercial heat flow meters require large samples (hundred on mm side) to provide accurate results of thermal conductivity because they are based on international standards. In this work, a new methodology to measure the thermal conductivity of small prototypes of thermal insulating materials (as low as 50 × 50 mm2) is developed by using an external heat flow sensor placed into a standard heat flow meter apparatus. Four different thermal insulators were used to validate the developed methodology by performing measurements in the heat flow meter with and without the external sensor. From these results, a calibration curve that relates both methods was calculated. Furthermore, the effect of the sample size was studied to explore the limits of the technique. Results show that the self-developed method is an accurate procedure to determine the thermal conductivity of samples with small dimensions via a steady-state condition.
Graphical abstract
Evidence for preserved insulin responsiveness in the aging rat brain
Authors: Engel Matthew G. , Smith Jeremy , Mao Kai , Quipildor Gabriela Farias , Cui Min-Hui , Gulinello Maria , Branch Craig A. , Gandy Samuel E. , Huffman Derek M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Insulin appears to exert salutary effects in the central nervous system (CNS). Thus, brain insulin resistance has been proposed to play a role in brain aging and dementia but is conceptually complex and unlikely to fit classic definitions established in peripheral tissues. Thus, we sought to characterize brain insulin responsiveness in young (4–5 months) and old (24 months) FBN male rats using a diverse set of assays to determine the extent to which insulin effects in the CNS are impaired with age. When performing hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps in rats, intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of insulin in old animals improved peripheral insulin sensitivity by nearly two-fold over old controls and comparable to young rats, suggesting preservation of this insulin-triggered response in aging per se (p < 0.05). We next used an imaging-based approach by comparing ICV vehicle versus insulin and performed resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to evaluate age- and insulin-related changes in network connectivity within the default mode network. In aging, lower connectivity between the mesial temporal (MT) region and other areas, as well as reduced MT signal complexity, was observed in old rats, which correlated with greater cognitive deficits in old. Despite these stark differences, ICV insulin failed to elicit any significant alteration to the BOLD signal in young rats, while a significant deviation of the BOLD signal was observed in older animals, characterized by augmentation in regions of the septal nucleus and hypothalamus, and reduction in thalamus and nucleus accumbens. In contrast, ex vivo stimulation of hippocampus with 10 nM insulin revealed increased Akt activation in young (p < 0.05), but not old rats. Despite similar circulating levels of insulin and IGF-1, cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of these ligands were reduced with age. Thus, these data highlight the complexity of capturing brain insulin action and demonstrate preserved or heightened brain responses to insulin with age, despite dampened canonical signaling, thereby suggesting impaired CNS input of these ligands may be a feature of reduced brain insulin action, providing further rationale for CNS replacement strategies.
Did Anselm Define God? Against the Definitionist Misrepresentation of Anselm’s Famous Description of God
Authors: Tapp Christian , Siegwart Geo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAnselm of Canterbury’s so-called ontological proofs in theProslogionhave puzzled philosophers for centuries. The famous description “something / that than which nothing greater can be conceived” is part and parcel of his argument. Most commentators have interpreted this description as a definition of God. We argue that this view, which we refer to as “definitionism”, is a misrepresentation. In addition to textual evidence, the key point of our argument is that taking the putative definition as what Anselm intended it to be – namely a description of a content of faith – allows getting a clear view of the discursive status and argumentative structure ofProslogion2–4, as well as making sense of an often neglected part of the argument.
Resources in translation: towards a conceptual and technical apparatus
Authors: Ruthven Kenneth 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn mathematics education, translation of resources from one language to another occurs in a wide range of situations. This paper explores how conceptual and technical apparatus from contemporary translation studies may be of use in guiding and analysing such translation. Key concepts—including those of source, target and intermediate text, of paradigms of equivalence, purpose, uncertainty and localisation, and of semantic, syntactic and epistemological equivalence—are introduced and illustrated, primarily with reference to translation of a series of school mathematics workbooks. Significant types of tool to assist translation—translation protocols and machine translation—are examined. A more detailed case study illustrates techniques (and associated tools) for analysing translation shifts and terminological translatability, applying them to examine translation of documentation of a framework for researching teachers’ interaction with resources—the Documentational Approach to Didactics. Specific insights that emerge are how translation is shaped by attention not just to fidelity to the source text but to the audience for, and function of, the target text; and how challenging it can be to formulate terms translatable across languages in such a way as to consistently anchor meaning in existing wordforms.
Metabolic plasticity in blast crisis-chronic myeloid leukaemia cells under hypoxia reduces the cytotoxic potency of drugs targeting mitochondria
Authors: Salaverry Luciana S. , Lombardo Tomás , Cabral-Lorenzo María C. , Gil-Folgar Martin L. , Rey-Roldán Estela B. , Kornblihtt Laura I. , Blanco Guillermo A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMetabolic reprogramming (MR) influences progression of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) to blast crisis (BC), but metabolic programs may change transiently in a second dimension (metabolic plasticity, MP), driven by environments as hypoxia, affecting cytotoxic potency (CPot) of drugs targeting mitochondria or mitochondria-related cell stress responses (MRCSR) such as mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. We assessed mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial mass (MM), apoptosis, glucose uptake (GU), and CPot of arsenic trioxide (ATO), CCCP, valproic acid (VPA), vincristine (VCR), Mdivi1, and dichloroacetic acid (DCA) in CML BC cells K562 (BC-K562) under hypoxia through flow cytometry, and gene expression from GEO database. About 60% of untreated cells were killed after 72 h under hypoxia, but paradoxically, all drugs but ATO rescued cells and increased survival rates to almost 90%. Blocking mitophagy either with VCR or Mdivi1, or increasing mitochondrial biogenesis with VPA enhanced cell-survival with increased MM. DCA increased MM and rescued cells in spite of its role in activating pyruvate dehydrogenase and Krebs cycle. Cells rescued by DCA, VPA and CCCP showed decreased GU. ATO showed equal CPot in hypoxia and normoxia. MP was evidenced by differential expression of genes (DEG) under hypoxia related to Krebs cycle, lipid synthesis, cholesterol homeostasis, mitophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis (GSE144527). A 25-gene MP-signature of BC-K562 cells under hypoxia identified BC cases among 113 transcriptomes from CML patients (GSE4170). We concluded that hypoxic environment drove a MP change evidenced by DEG that was reflected in a paradoxical pro-survival, instead of cytotoxic, effect of drugs targeting mitochondria and MRCSR.
Effectiveness of a commercial lure to attract red fox
Authors: Cozzi Francesca , Iacona Elisa , Ferretti Francesco , Corlatti Luca 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn camera trap studies, attractants may be used to increase detection probabilities of wildlife, which may help to improve estimates of abundance and occupancy. Using a semi-experimental approach, we investigated if a commercial, strawberry scented lure increased detection probability and visiting time duration in red fox Vulpes vulpes, and the potential reasons for variation in these parameters. In September 2020, within the Stelvio National Park, central Italian Alps, 32 camera sites were randomly assigned to 4 different treatments: 8 to commercial lure, the target of our investigation; 8 to orange aroma, to test for the “curiosity” effect; 8 to cat kibble, to test for the “likability” effect; 8 to camera trap only, the control test. Detection probability and duration of visiting time were estimated using hurdle negative binomial regression models. Daily detection probability was significantly higher with lure (0.078), orange aroma (0.086), kibble (0.075) than with camera trap only (0.031); in the first day after treatment, the time an animal spent in front of the cameras significantly increased with orange aroma (16.61 s) and kibble (33.78 s) compared to lure (9.97 s) and camera trap only (0.38 s). Our results support the use of lures to improve detection probability and visit duration in red fox, but we could not disentangle the drivers of increased parameter estimates. When consumable costs are considered, the use of the commercial strawberry scented lure does not appear justified for both detection probability and visit duration, and cheaper alternatives may be preferable.
Teaching as regulated improvisation
Authors: Thomas Matthew Krehl Edward , Skourdoumbis Andrew , Whitburn Ben 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we address the work of teachers at the intersection of educational policy and professional discretion, by undertaking a conceptual reading of Through Growth to Achievement: Report of the Review to Achieve Educational Excellence in Australian Schools, and examining how the report conceptualises teacher practice. Drawing on the Bourdieusian notion of regulated improvisation, the study explores the constraints of pedagogical practices as conceptualised by influential policy reports of this kind, highlighting the paradoxical expectations of the report on teachers whose situational awareness of classrooms is curtailed through regulation. The study examines the tension between teacher autonomy and constraints, negating important considerations to temporalities of learning. The central contribution of the paper is a conceptual understanding of how policy drivers position teacher expertise through standardisation, compliance and performance, a concern not unique only to the Australian context of educational policy, nor schooling.
$$p^\infty $$-Selmer groups and rational points on CM elliptic curves
Authors: Burungale Ashay , Castella Francesc , Skinner Christopher , Tian Ye 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLet $$E/{\mathbb {Q}}$$

E
/
Q

be a CM elliptic curve and p a prime of good ordinary reduction for E. We show that if $$\text {Sel}_{p^\infty }(E/{\mathbb {Q}})$$

Sel

p
∞

(
E
/
Q
)

has $${\mathbb {Z}}_p$$

Z
p

-corank one, then $$E({\mathbb {Q}})$$

E
(
Q
)

has a point of infinite order. The non-torsion point arises from a Heegner point, and thus $${{\,\textrm{ord}\,}}_{s=1}L(E,s)=1$$

ord

s
=
1

L

(
E
,
s
)

=
1

, yielding a p-converse to a theorem of Gross–Zagier, Kolyvagin, and Rubin in the spirit of [49, 54]. For $$p>3$$

p
>
3

, this gives a new proof of the main result of [12], which our approach extends to all primes. The approach generalizes to CM elliptic curves over totally real fields [4].
Can Machines Learn Creativity Needs? An Approach Based on Matrix Completion
Authors: Gnecco Giorgio , Landi Sara , Riccaboni Massimo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTechnological progress has been recently associated with a crowding-out of cognitive-skill intensive jobs in favour of jobs requiring soft skills, such as ones related to social intelligence, flexibility and creativity. The nature of soft skills makes them hardly replaceable by machine work and among subsets of soft skills, creativity is one of the hardest to define and codify. Therefore, creativity-intensive occupations have been shielded from automation. Given this framework, our study contributes to a nascent field on interdisciplinary research to predict the impact of artificial intelligence on work activities and future jobs using machine learning. In our work, we focus on creativity, starting from its possible definitions, then we get significant insights on creativity patterns and dynamics in the Italian labour market, using a machine learning approach. We make use of the INAPP-ISTAT Survey on Occupations (ICP), where we identify 25 skills associated with creativity. Then, we apply matrix completion—a machine learning technique which is often used by recommender systems—to predict the average importance levels of various creative skills for each profession, showing its excellent prediction capability for the specific problem. We also find that matrix completion typically underestimates the average importance levels of soft skills associated with creativity, especially in the case of professions belonging to the major group of legislators, senior officials and managers, as well as intellectual professionals. Conversely, overestimates are typically obtained for other professions, which may be associated with a higher risk of being automated.