bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-mode and ultra-broadband gigahertz surface acoustic waveguides on AlN-on-SiC substrates
Authors: Wang Yong , Wu Shu-Mao , Yu Si-Yuan , Wu Yongzhong , Hao Xiaopeng , Chen Yan-Feng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a class of high-performance surface acoustic wave (SAW) waveguides based on AlN-on-SiC substrates. Under the existing crystal growth and processing technology, these SAW waveguides offer excellent performance in single mode, low loss, ultra-broadband, operating at gigahertz frequencies. Quasi-Rayleigh SAWs can be excited by traditional interdigital transducers and guided freely with excellent efficiency. Based on these SAW waveguides, we further demonstrate SAW splitters and ring cavities with ultra-high qualities up to 107. These SAW components complement future integrated phononic circuits for high-frequency and compact acoustic manipulating, signal processing, sensing, computing, etc.
Theoretical and experimental studies on bistable vibration energy harvester with levitation magnet couple
Authors: Deng Wangzheng , Qin Weiyang , Zhang Pengtian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
To improve the efficiency of vibration energy harvesting, a levitation magnet couple is introduced to the bi-stable energy harvester (BEH) to create a desired potential energy, by which the harvester’s response and output can be increased greatly. Compared to the classical BEH, the novel harvester has a lower potential barrier and a flatter bottom of its potential well, which can help increase the response and outputs. The experimental results show that the introduction of levitation magnet couple effectively extends the working frequency bandwidth of the harvester. The inter-well jump can be executed easily under weak stochastic excitations and the amplitude is larger than the classical one, even in the case of executing the same kind of intra-well oscillation. The experiments prove that the output voltage of the novel harvester outperforms the classical BEH over the whole intensity range. This study may provide a good guidance to improving the performance of bistable energy harvester.
Symmetry breaking radiative corrections to B to tensor meson form factors at large recoil
Authors: Sikandar Arslan , Aslam M Jamil , Ahmed Ishtiaq , Shafaq Saba 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In heavy-to-light B decays, the heavy-quark/large-energy symmetry reduces the number of QCD form factors. At large final state meson energy, these form factors receive sizeable perturbative corrections. The hard-gluon vertex corrections are absorbed in the coefficients of soft-form factors, while the hard-spectator interactions generate symmetry-breaking corrections and end-point singularities. At an order of 1/m
b, using the heavy-quark/large-energy symmetry, the end-point singularities can also be absorbed in the soft form factors, whereas the symmetry breaking corrections add separately to the form factors. In this work, we calculate these perturbative corrections for B → Tμ
+
μ
− decays, with T representing the tensor mesons

K

2

*

,

f

2

,

a

2

all having J

P
= 2+. We find that the values of the branching ratio (Br) and the zero-position of the forward–backward asymmetry

(

A

F
B

)

of

B
→

K

2

*

μ

+

μ

−

decay receive nearly 5% and 14% contributions, respectively, from these radiative corrections. Compared to these observables, the radiative corrections change the averaged longitudinal lepton polarization asymmetry (⟨P
L⟩) by 13%. Therefore, prior to attributing any deviation from the SM predictions of these asymmetries as a hint of NP, one has to take into account the contributions of vertex and hard-spectator corrections.
A multiscale local pattern filtering method for noise mode identification of dynamic signals in bridges
Authors: Wang Boxin , Wang Zihao , He Dawei , Yang Haitao , Gao Xin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The problem of effective information extraction of dynamic signals is a key challenge of vibration-based structural health monitoring. Traditional ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and complementary EEMD (CEEMD) are effective filtering methods but have the shortcomings of mode mixing, completeness and the endpoint effect in adaptive decomposition stage. To address the above problems, this paper proposes a noise mode identification method based on multiscale local pattern filtering with a machine learning algorithm. In addition, this method improves the filtering performance of mode decomposition and wavelet threshold denoising methods effectively. To validate the performance of this method, simulation experiment and real signal analysis were used for validation: their results showed that the proposed method has better adaptive decomposition performance than EEMD and CEEMD. Compared with the EEMD, CEEMD and wavelet threshold denoising methods, the proposed method can better balance smoothness and the power reserve, has optimized time- and frequency-domain characteristics, filters with a higher signal-to-noise ratio and reliability, and has more optimized filtering performance. The method proposed in this paper can be applied to bridge health monitoring technology, and has important scientific and engineering significance.
Stress-driven structural and bond reconstruction in 2D ferromagnetic semiconductor VSe2
Authors: Yu Bo-Wen , Liu Bang-Gui 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides can be used to make high-performance electronic, spintronic, and optoelectronic devices. Recently, room-temperature ferromagnetism and semiconduction in 2D VSe2 nanoflakes were attributed to the stable 2H-phase of VSe2 in the 2D limit. Here, our first-principles investigation shows that a metastable semiconducting H′ phase can be formed from the H VSe2 monolayer through uniaxial stress or uniaxial strain. The calculated phonon spectra indicate the dynamical stability of the metastable H′ VSe2 and the path of phase switching between the H and H′ VSe2 phases is calculated. For the uniaxial stress (or strain) scheme, the H′ phase can become lower in total energy than the H phase at a transition point. The H′ phase has stronger ferromagnetism and its Curier temperature can be enhanced by applying uniaxial stress or strain. Applying uniaxial stress or strain can substantially change spin-resolved electronic structures, energy band edges, and effective carrier masses for both of the H and H′ phases, and can cause some flat bands near the band edges in the strained H′ phase. Further analysis indicates that one of the Se–Se bonds in the H′ phase can be shortened by 19% and the related Se–V–Se bond angles are reduced by 23% with respect to those of the H phase, which is believed to increase the Se–Se covalence feature and reduce the valence of the nearby V atoms. Therefore, structural and bond reconstruction can be realized by applying uniaxial stress in such 2D ferromagnetic semiconductors for potential spintronic and optoelectronic applications.
Video-assisted experiment to observe interaction force during the interaction of two objects
Authors: Aji Mahardika Prasetya , Rahmawati Ita , Imtinan Nisrina , Wulandari Yuvita Kiki , Yusmantoro  , Priyanto Aan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The momentum is often used to analyse the dynamics of the motion of an experimental interaction between objects. Meanwhile, the interaction force tends to be challenging to observe and obtain. In this study, a simple video-assisted experiment was used to observe the interaction forces during the interaction of two magnetic objects. The interaction force between magnetic dipoles was obtained for each object position during the interaction experiment. The maximum force interaction was obtained when the two objects were at the minimum distance. The velocity of the object significantly influences the minimum distance between two objects during the interaction. In addition, we found that the law of linear momentum conservation holds for this interaction. Furthermore, the total kinetic energy before and after the interaction is identical, indicating an elastic interaction. This study is hopefully beneficial for students to reduce the limitations in understanding the interaction forces between objects.
Source-detector trajectory optimization in cone-beam computed tomography: a comprehensive review on today’s state-of-the-art
Authors: Hatamikia S , Biguri A , Herl G , Kronreif G , Reynolds T , Kettenbach J , Russ T , Tersol A , Maier A , Figl M , Siewerdsen J H , Birkfellner W 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging is becoming increasingly important for a wide range of applications such as image-guided surgery, image-guided radiation therapy as well as diagnostic imaging such as breast and orthopaedic imaging. The potential benefits of non-circular source-detector trajectories was recognized in early work to improve the completeness of CBCT sampling and extend the field of view (FOV). Another important feature of interventional imaging is that prior knowledge of patient anatomy such as a preoperative CBCT or prior CT is commonly available. This provides the opportunity to integrate such prior information into the image acquisition process by customized CBCT source-detector trajectories. Such customized trajectories can be designed in order to optimize task-specific imaging performance, providing intervention or patient-specific imaging settings. The recently developed robotic CBCT C-arms as well as novel multi-source CBCT imaging systems with additional degrees of freedom provide the possibility to largely expand the scanning geometries beyond the conventional circular source-detector trajectory. This recent development has inspired the research community to innovate enhanced image quality by modifying image geometry, as opposed to hardware or algorithms. The recently proposed techniques in this field facilitate image quality improvement, FOV extension, radiation dose reduction, metal artifact reduction as well as 3D imaging under kinematic constraints. Because of the great practical value and the increasing importance of CBCT imaging in image-guided therapy for clinical and preclinical applications as well as in industry, this paper focuses on the review and discussion of the available literature in the CBCT trajectory optimization field. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first study that provides an exhaustive literature review regarding customized CBCT algorithms and tries to update the community with the clarification of in-depth information on the current progress and future trends.
Gravitational waves detectable in laser interferometers from axion-SU(2) inflation
Authors: Fujita Tomohiro , Imagawa Kaname , Murai Kai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Chromo-natural inflation (CNI) is an inflationary model where an axion coupled with SU(2) gauge fields acts as the inflaton.
In CNI, the gauge fields have nonzero vacuum expectation values (VEVs), which results in the enhancement of gravitational waves (GWs).
The original CNI is ruled out by the Planck observations due to the overproduction of GWs.
In this work, we consider an inflationary model where the gauge fields acquire nonzero VEVs after the CMB modes exit the horizon.
Moreover, we add to the model another field that dominates the universe and drives inflation after the axion starts to oscillate and the gauge field VEVs vanish.
By performing numerical simulations, we find a parameter space where the enhanced GWs do not violate the CMB constraints and can be detected by the future GWs observations such as BBO and ET.
An open-source, ready-to-use and validated ripple detector plugin for the Open Ephys GUI
Authors: Sousa Bruno Monteiro de , de Oliveira Eliezyer Fermino , Beraldo Ikaro Jesus da Silva , Polanczyk Rafaela Schuttenberg , Leite João Pereira , Lopes Aguiar Cleiton 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective. Sharp wave-ripples (SWRs, 100–250 Hz) are oscillatory events extracellularly recorded in the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus during sleep and quiet wakefulness. Many studies employed closed-loop strategies to either detect and abolish SWRs within the hippocampus or manipulate other relevant areas upon ripple detection. However, the code and schematics necessary to replicate the detection system are not always available, which hinders the reproducibility of experiments among different research groups. Furthermore, information about performance is not usually reported. Here, we sought to provide an open-source, validated ripple detector for the scientific community. Approach. We developed and validated a ripple detection plugin integrated into the Open Ephys graphical user’s interface. It contains a built-in movement detector based on accelerometer or electromyogram data that prevents false ripple events (due to chewing, grooming, or moving, for instance) from triggering the stimulation/manipulation device. Main results. To determine the accuracy of the detection algorithm, we first carried out simulations in MATLAB with real ripple recordings. Using a specific combination of detection parameters (amplitude threshold of 5 standard deviations above the mean, time threshold of 10 ms, and root mean square block size of 7 samples), we obtained a 97% true positive rate and 2.48 false positives per minute. Next, an Open Ephys plugin based on the same detection algorithm was developed, and a closed-loop system was set up to evaluate the round trip (ripple onset-to-stimulation) latency over synthetic data. The lowest latency obtained was 34.5 ± 0.5 ms. The embedded movement monitoring was effective in reducing false positives and the plugin’s flexibility to detect pathological events was also verified. Significance. Besides contributing to increased reproducibility, we anticipate that the developed ripple detector plugin will be helpful for many closed-loop applications in the field of systems neuroscience.
Learning neural decoders without labels using multiple data streams
Authors: Peterson Steven M , Rao Rajesh P N , Brunton Bingni W 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective. Recent advances in neural decoding have accelerated the development of brain–computer interfaces aimed at assisting users with everyday tasks such as speaking, walking, and manipulating objects. However, current approaches for training neural decoders commonly require large quantities of labeled data, which can be laborious or infeasible to obtain in real-world settings. Alternatively, self-supervised models that share self-generated pseudo-labels between two data streams have shown exceptional performance on unlabeled audio and video data, but it remains unclear how well they extend to neural decoding. Approach. We learn neural decoders without labels by leveraging multiple simultaneously recorded data streams, including neural, kinematic, and physiological signals. Specifically, we apply cross-modal, self-supervised deep clustering to train decoders that can classify movements from brain recordings. After training, we then isolate the decoders for each input data stream and compare the accuracy of decoders trained using cross-modal deep clustering against supervised and unimodal, self-supervised models. Main results. We find that sharing pseudo-labels between two data streams during training substantially increases decoding performance compared to unimodal, self-supervised models, with accuracies approaching those of supervised decoders trained on labeled data. Next, we extend cross-modal decoder training to three or more modalities, achieving state-of-the-art neural decoding accuracy that matches or slightly exceeds the performance of supervised models. Significance. We demonstrate that cross-modal, self-supervised decoding can be applied to train neural decoders when few or no labels are available and extend the cross-modal framework to share information among three or more data streams, further improving self-supervised training.
Evaluation of twisted Gaussian Schell model beams produced with phase randomized coherent fields
Authors: Cañas G , Gómez E S , dos Santos G H , de Oliveira A G , Rubiano da Silva N , Joshi Stuti , Ismail Yaseera , Ribeiro P H S , Walborn S P 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The twisted Gaussian Schell Model describes a family of partially coherent beams that present several interesting characteristics, and as such have attracted attention in classical and quantum optics. Recent techniques have been demonstrated to synthesize these beams from a coherent source using a discrete set of ‘pseudo-modes’, where the phase of each mode is randomized so that they are mutually incoherent. Here we investigate this technique and evaluate the resulting beam parameters, such as divergence, coherence length and twist phase. We show that for a finite set of modes there is also some residual coherence, which can have an observable effect. A theoretical model is developed for the output field that includes residual coherence and agrees very well with experimental data. In addition, we demonstrate a simple method to measure the twist phase using double slit interference.
Enhancement of resistive switching behavior of organic resistive random access memory devices through UV-Ozone treatment
Authors: Park Joong Hyeon , Khan Sobia Ali , Rahmani Mehr Khalid , Cho Jihwan , Kang Moon Hee 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We fabricated organic resistive random-access memory (RRAM) devices using a low-cost solution-process method. All the processes were performed at temperatures below 135 °C under ambient atmospheric conditions. The RRAM resistive switching layer was formed from a polymer-fullerene bulk heterojunction using poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) and (6,6)-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). The fabricated organic RRAM device exhibited typical nonvolatile bipolar resistive switching behavior with an ON/OFF ratio of ∼40, but it provided a low endurance of 27 cycles. Therefore, for enhanced stability, simple UV–Ozone (UVO) treatment was applied to the P3HT:PCBM organic bulk heterojunction layer. The organic RRAM device with UVO treatment exhibited an enhanced performance with an ON/OFF ratio of ∼400 and an endurance of 47 cycles. In addition, complementary resistive switching behavior was observed. The conduction mechanisms of the organic RRAM device were investigated by fitting the measured I–V data to numerical equations, and Schottky emission and Ohmic conduction were the main conduction mechanisms for the high-resistance and low-resistance states for the RRAM device with or without UVO treatment.
Fabrication of Pt/InGaZnO/PZT/LNO hetero-structure by one-step photochemical method
Authors: Li Zhen , Yue Jianshe , Eka Nusrat Rafsani , Zhang Qi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The transparent InGaZnO (IGZO) film was fabricated on the surface of PZT film by photochemical sol-gel method, hence more UV light can penetrate IGZO film reaching the IGZO/PZT junction and produce photo-induced charge carrier to obtain a high photocurrent. To decrease the crystalline temperature of PZT film, and simplify the fabrication process, the UV photochemical treatment of IGZO and PZT happened at the same time. During photochemical process, the organic agents of both IGZO and PZT gel film were decomposed greatly, forming an active metal-oxygen bond, which facilitate crystallization at a low temperature. The obtained IGZO film show a uniform surface with homogeneous particles, the obtained Pt/IGZO/PZT/LNO hetero-structure shows a good photoelectric property.
Effects of process parameters and carbon nanotubes content on microstructure and properties of laser cladding composite coatings using Ni-Ti-Cr-carbon nanotubes
Authors: Zhou Kexin , Shen Yifu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Ni-Ti-Cr-carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite coatings was successfully fabricated by laser cladding. The optical microscope was used to observe the metallographic structure of the composite coating, the phase composition of the composite layer was detected by XRD, the microstructures of the composite coatings were observed by SEM, and the point distribution and line distribution of elements were analyzed by EDS. With the increase of laser specific energy (Es) and CNTs content, the TiC enhanced particles in the composite coatings evolves into coarse dendrites. Compared with the mild steel substrate, the microhardness and wear resistance of the composite coatings are obviously improved. The maximum microhardness obtained by the composite coating is approximately 5 times that of the mild steel substrate. The increase of Es and the excessive content of CNTs will reduce the microhardness and wear resistance of the composite coatings. The in situ synthesis of TiC particles not only enhance the microhardness of the composite coatings, but also improve the wear resistance of the coatings.
Validation of four-dimensional computed tomography without external reference respiratory signals for radiation treatment planning of lung tumors
Authors: Doi Yasuhiro , Shimohigashi Yoshinobu , Kai Yudai , Maruyama Masato , Toya Ryo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDeviceless four-dimensional (4D) computed tomography (CT) allows the acquisition of respiratory signals from six features without requiring an external device for cine CT processing. This method has been recently introduced in radiation treatment planning of lung tumors. To validate deviceless 4D CT, it must be compared with conventional 4D CT, which requires an external monitoring device. We compared the two methods using a multicell 4D phantom that simulates patient’s movement during respiration regarding the target volume (TV), target position (TP), and internal TV for lung tumor radiation therapy. We retrospectively obtained images of 10 patients who underwent radiation treatment planning of lung tumors and compared the two methods, as in the phantom study. For the phantom study, the mean TV, root mean square errors of the TP, and mean internal TV differences between the two methods ranged from −4.5% to 1.2%, 0.7 to 2.6 mm, and −1.1% to 3.4%, respectively. The corresponding results of the clinical study ranged from −1.5% to 14.9%, 0.1 to 5.9 mm, and −9.7% to 10.1%, respectively. The results of deviceless 4D CT for the clinical study were consistent with those of conventional 4D CT, except for target movements with high excursions. Therefore, deviceless 4D CT can be an alternative to conventional 4D CT for radiation treatment planning of lung tumors.
Variational certification of quantum devices
Authors: Kundu Akash , Miszczak Jarosław Adam 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
One of the requirements imposed on the realistic quantum computers is to provide computation results which can be repeated and reproduced. In the situation when one needs to repeat the quantum computation procedure several times, it is crucial that the copies of the quantum devices are similar in the sense of the produced results. In this work, we describe a simple procedure based on variational quantum eigensolver which can be utilized to compare quantum devices. The procedure is developed by combining Choi–Jamiołkowski isomorphism with the variational hybrid quantum–classical procedure for matrix diagonalization. We compare the introduced procedure with the scheme based on the standard bounds for the similarity between quantum operations by analysing its action on random quantum channels. We also discuss the sensitivity of the described procedure to the noise, and we provide numerical results demonstrating its feasibility in realistic scenarios by running the procedure on IBM quantum computer.
Electron wave spin in a quantum well
Authors: Gao Ju 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The particle-wave duality of the electron poses a principle question of whether the spin is a property of the particle or the wave. In this paper, the wave nature of the spin is studied for an electron inside a two-dimensional quantum well. By solving the exact 4 − spinor eigen solution to the Dirac equation, we show that a stable circulating total current density exists inside the well with a donut shaped topography. A spin value is modified by the confining geometry of the well. Our analysis also shows that a free electron Gaussian wavepacket is unstable and experiences quick decoherence.