bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low Back Pain and Lumbar Degeneration in Japanese Professional Baseball Players
Authors: Morimoto Masatoshi , Okada Ryo , Sugiura Kosuke , Manabe Hiroaki , Inokuchi Takashi , Tezuka Fumitake , Yamashita Kazuta , Takao Syoichiro , Fujitani Junzo , Sairyo Koichi 
Published: October 2022

Background: Baseball is one of the most popular sports in Asia. It is known that baseball can easily lead to back pain. However, there has been no survey of low back pain (LBP) and lumbar disc degeneration in Japanese professional baseball players to date. Purpose: To investigate the cause of LBP and lumbar degeneration in professional Japanese baseball players. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of Japanese professional baseball players with LBP who visited our hospital. Data were collected from July 2018 to April 2021. We also investigated whether the results differed between players in their 20s and 30s or between pitchers and fielders. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test. Results: We surveyed 32 professional baseball players. The most frequent causes of LBP among players in their 20s (n = 21) were lumbar disc herniation (LDH; 57%) and spondylolysis (24%). Of the players with spondylolysis, 50% had adult-onset spondylolysis. Players in their 30s (n = 11) most commonly had discogenic pain (55%) as well as LDH and facet joint arthritis (each 18%). The incidence of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration was significantly higher in players in their 30s (91%) than those in their 20s (14%), as was the incidence of Schmorl nodes and Modic type 1 changes. There was no significant difference in the cause of LBP or the incidence of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration between pitchers and fielders ( P = .59). Conclusion: Among professional baseball players in their 20s, lumbar degeneration was less common, and they most frequently developed diseases less related to degeneration, such as LDH. However, among players in their 30s, lumbar degeneration was more advanced, and degenerative diseases such as discogenic pain occurred more frequently. Research on training methods could lead to the prevention of LBP. Our data may be applicable to other professional athletes and will contribute to diagnosis and treatment.
Perspectives of older participants on the delivery of individual results: Study within a trial (SWAT) hosted by the HAEL Study
Authors: De Nardi Angélica T , Pfeifer Lucinéia O , Oliveira Nórton L , Botton Cíntia E , Santos Lucas P , Umpierre Daniel 
Published: October 2022

Background Communicating and disseminating individual results to research participants is an ethical imperative, however, this practice is still unusual. In the present study, we investigated two delivery formats of individual results to older participants on the perspectives of understanding (main outcome), satisfaction, and short-term psychological impact. Methods This Study Within A Trial (SWAT) is a randomized, single-blinded (outcome assessors), parallel-group intervention hosted by “Hypertension Approaches in the Elderly: a Lifestyle study” multicenter, two-arm, randomized trial (HAEL Study). Participants who entered the HAEL Study in July 2019 or after were eligible. Randomization was generated by computer and allocation concealment by an independent investigator. The delivery of individual results was carried out in individual or group meetings between December 2019 and September 2020 at a Clinical Research Center. Outcomes were assessed by an unvalidated questionnaire on a 5-point Likert scale and multiple choice questions. Results Of the 20 participants who agreed to participate in the SWAT, 10 from the individual format and 7 from the group format, with a mean age of 68 years old, were evaluated through per-protocol analysis. Most participants showed good understanding of their results in both delivery formats - individual 70% (7/10) and group 71% (5/7) ( p=1.00). Satisfaction with the results delivery format was reported in both groups, with moderate negative emotional impact. Any research-related physical harms were not identified. Conclusion Both formats for delivering individual results generated adequate understanding and satisfaction with low negative emotional impact to a partial sample of older participants in the HAEL Study.
c-Jun-mediated miR-19b expression induces endothelial barrier dysfunction in an in vitro model of hemorrhagic shock
Authors: Wu Feng , Wang Jian-Ying , Dorman Brooke , Zeineddin Ahmad , Kozar Rosemary Ann 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Our previous data demonstrated that miR-19b expression was increased in human lung microvascular endothelial cells in-vitro-, in-vivo and in patients with hemorrhagic shock, leading to a decrease in syndecan-1 mRNA and protein and resulting in loss of endothelial barrier function. However, the mechanism underlying increased miR-19b expression remains unclear. The objective of the current study was to determine if c-Jun mediates the early responsive microRNA, miR-19b, to cause endothelial barrier dysfunction.

Method
Human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMEC) or HEK293T cells were transfected with c-Jun overexpressing vector, c-Jun siRNA, miR-19b promoter vector, miR-19b mutated promoter vector, miR-19b oligo inhibitor, then subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation as in-vitro model of hemorrhagic shock. Levels of protein, miRNA, and luciferase activity were measured. Transwell permeability of endothelial monolayers were also determined. Plasma levels of c-Jun were measured in injured patients with hemorrhagic shock.

Result
Hypoxia/reoxygenation induced primary (pri-)miR-19b, mature miR-19b, and c-Jun expression over time in a comparable timeframe. c-Jun silencing by transfection with its specific siRNA reduced both pri-miR-19b and mature miR-19b levels. Conversely, c-Jun overexpression enhanced H/R-induced pri-miR-19b. Studies using a luciferase reporter assay revealed that in cells transfected with vectors containing the wild-type miR-19b promoter and luciferase reporter, c-Jun overexpression or hypoxia/ reoxygenation significantly increased luciferase activity. c-Jun knockdown reduced the luciferase activity in these cells, suggesting that the miR-19b promoter is directly activated by c-Jun. Further, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay confirmed that c-Jun directly bound to the promoter DNA of miR-19b and hypoxia/reoxygenation significantly increased this interaction. Additionally, c-Jun silencing prevented cell surface syndecan-1 loss and endothelial barrier dysfunction in HLMECs after hypoxia/reoxygenation. Lastly, c-Jun was significantly elevated in patients with hemorrhagic shock compared to healthy controls.

Conclusion
Transcription factor c-Jun is inducible by hypoxia/reoxygenation, binds to and activates the miR-19b promoter. Using an in-vitro model of hemorrhagic shock, our findings identified a novel cellular mechanism whereby hypoxia/ reoxygenation increases miR-19b transcription by inducing c-Jun and leads to syndecan-1 decrease and endothelial cell barrier dysfunction. This finding supports that miR-19b could be a potential therapeutic target for hemorrhage shock.
European Headache Federation (EHF) consensus on the definition of effective treatment of a migraine attack and of triptan failure
Authors: Sacco Simona , Lampl Christian , Amin Faisal Mohammad , Braschinsky Mark , Deligianni Christina , Uludüz Derya , Versijpt Jan , Ducros Anne , Gil-Gouveia Raquel , Katsarava Zaza , Martelletti Paolo , Ornello Raffaele , Raffaelli Bianca , Boucherie Deirdre M. , Pozo-Rosich Patricia , Sanchez-del-Rio Margarita , Sinclair Alexandra , Maassen van den Brink Antoinette , Reuter Uwe 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Triptans are migraine-specific acute treatments. A well-accepted definition of triptan failure is needed in clinical practice and for research. The primary aim of the present Consensus was to provide a definition of triptan failure. To develop this definition, we deemed necessary to develop as first a consensus definition of effective treatment of an acute migraine attack and of triptan-responder.

Main body
The Consensus process included a preliminary literature review, a Delphi round and a subsequent open discussion. According to the Consensus Panel, effective treatment of a migraine attack is to be defined on patient well-being featured by a) improvement of headache, b) relief of non-pain symptoms and c) absence of adverse events. An attack is considered effectively treated if patient’s well-being, as defined above, is restored within 2 hours and for at least 24 hours. An individual with migraine is considered as triptan-responder when the given triptan leads to effective acute attack treatment in at least three out of four migraine attacks. On the other hand, an individual with migraine is considered triptan non-responder in the presence of failure of a single triptan (not matching the definition of triptan-responder). The Consensus Panel defined an individual with migraine as triptan-resistant in the presence of failure of at least 2 triptans; triptan refractory, in the presence of failure to at least 3 triptans, including subcutaneous formulation; triptan ineligibile in the presence of an acknowledged contraindication to triptan use, as specified in the summary of product characteristics.

Conclusions
The novel definitions can be useful in clinical practice for the assessment of acute attack treatments patients with migraine. They may be helpful in identifying people not responding to triptans and in need for novel acute migraine treatments. The definitions will also be of help in standardizing research on migraine acute care.
Aortic dissection following “ecstasy” use complicated by compartment syndrome
Authors: McDonnell Erin , Zhou Yi , Chao Joshua , Lee Leonard 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Patients who present to the emergency department (ED) with acute chest pain should receive a thorough history and exam to rule out rare, life-threatening conditions, such as drug-induced acute aortic dissections (AD).

Case presentation
A 34-year-old man with a history of uncontrolled hypertension, smoking, and “ecstasy” use presented to the ED with an acute type A aortic dissection (AD). Following surgery to repair the dissection, he developed compartment syndrome of the lower extremity requiring muscle excision and neurolysis with subsequent wound debridement procedures.

Conclusion
Physicians treating adults with symptoms and signs of aortic dissection should take a focused history about substance use and include AD on their differential. In addition, the extremities should be monitored for signs and symptoms of ischemia throughout the acute peri-surgical period(s).
Comparison of unweighted and item response theory-based weighted sum scoring for the Nine-Questions Depression-Rating Scale in the Northern Thai Dialect
Authors: Kawilapat Suttipong , Maneeton Benchalak , Maneeton Narong , Prasitwattanaseree Sukon , Kongsuk Thoranin , Arunpongpaisal Suwanna , Leejongpermpoon Jintana , Sukhawaha Supattra , Traisathit Patrinee 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The Nine-Questions Depression-Rating Scale (9Q) has been developed as an alternative assessment tool for assessing the severity of depressive symptoms in Thai adults. The traditional unweighted sum scoring approach does not account for differences in the loadings of the items on the actual severity. Therefore, we developed an Item Response Theory (IRT)-based weighted sum scoring approach to provide a scoring method that is more precise than the unweighted sum score.

Methods
Secondary data from a study on the criterion-related validity of the 9Q in the northern Thai dialect was used in this study. All participants were interviewed to obtain demographic data and screened/evaluated for major depressive disorder and the severity of the associated depressive symptoms, followed by diagnosis by a psychiatrist for major depressive disorder. IRT models were used to estimate the discrimination and threshold parameters. Differential item functioning (DIF) of responses to each item between males and females was compared using likelihood-ratio tests. The IRT-based weighed sum scores of the individual items are defined as the linear combination of individual response weighted with the discrimination and threshold parameters divided by the plausible maximum score based on the graded-response model (GRM) for the 9Q score (9Q-GRM) or the nominal-response model (NRM) for categorical combinations of the intensity and frequency of symptoms from the 9Q responses (9QSF-NRM). The performances of the two scoring procedures were compared using relative precision.

Results
Of the 1,355 participants, 1,000 and 355 participants were randomly selected for the developmental and validation group for the IRT-based weighted scoring, respectively. the gender-related DIF were presented for items 2 and 5 for the 9Q-GRM, while most items (except for items 3 and 6) for the 9QSF-NRM, which could be used to separately estimate the parameters between genders. The 9Q-GRM model accounting for DIF had a higher precision (16.7%) than the unweighted sum-score approach.

Discussion
Our findings suggest that weighted sum scoring with the IRT parameters can improve the scoring when using 9Q to measure the severity of the depressive symptoms in Thai adults. Accounting for DIF between the genders resulted in higher precision for IRT-based weighted scoring.
Machine learning models for identifying pre-frailty in community dwelling older adults
Authors: Sajeev Shelda , Champion Stephanie , Maeder Anthony , Gordon Susan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
There is increasing evidence that pre-frailty manifests as early as middle age. Understanding the factors contributing to an early trajectory from good health to pre-frailty in middle aged and older adults is needed to inform timely preventive primary care interventions to mitigate early decline and future frailty.

Methods
A cohort of 656 independent community dwelling adults, aged 40–75 years, living in South Australia, undertook a comprehensive health assessment as part of the Inspiring Health cross-sectional observational study. Secondary analysis was completed using machine learning models to identify factors common amongst participants identified as not frail or pre-frail using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) and Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP). A correlation-based feature selection was used to identify factors associated with pre-frailty classification. Four machine learning models were used to derive the prediction models for classification of not frail and pre-frail. The class discrimination capability of the machine learning algorithms was evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, precision, F1-score and accuracy.

Results
Two stages of feature selection were performed. The first stage included 78 physiologic, anthropometric, environmental, social and lifestyle variables. A follow-up analysis with a narrower set of 63 variables was then conducted with physiologic factors associated with the FFP associated features removed, to uncover indirect indicators connected with pre-frailty. In addition to the expected physiologic measures, a range of anthropometric, environmental, social and lifestyle variables were found to be associated with pre-frailty outcomes for the cohort. With FFP variables removed, machine learning (ML) models found higher BMI and lower muscle mass, poorer grip strength and balance, higher levels of distress, poor quality sleep, shortness of breath and incontinence were associated with being classified as pre-frail. The machine learning models achieved an AUC score up to 0.817 and 0.722 for FFP and CFS respectively for predicting pre-frailty. With feature selection, the performance of ML models improved by up to + 7.4% for FFP and up to + 7.9% for CFS.

Conclusions
The results of this study indicate that machine learning methods are well suited for predicting pre-frailty and indicate a range of factors that may be useful to include in targeted health assessments to identify pre-frailty in middle aged and older adults.
Simulation-based holistic education in physiotherapy interns to increase empathy toward older adults and individuals with disabilities
Authors: Lin I.-Hsien , Wang Chien-Yung , Lin Yen-Nung , Chen Hung-Chou , Lin Li-Fong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe proportion of older adults and individuals with disabilities in the general population increases each year. Thus, clinical clerkships designed for physiotherapy interns should provide more than simply knowledge and skills. For such interns to be able to handle the requirements of their future jobs, clerkships must enable them to develop empathy and positive attitudes toward patients. This study investigated the effect of simulation-based, holistic health-care education on physiotherapy interns’ empathy, attitudes, and knowledge. MethodsA parallel-group design. Thirty physiotherapy interns from a medical institution were enrolled as participants, with experimental and control groups each comprising 15 participants. Both groups received standard clinical training. However, the experimental group received an additional 3.5 h of simulation-based holistic health-care education. The Jefferson Scale of Empathy, Kogan’s Attitudes Toward Old People Scale, the Attitudes Towards the Elderly Scale, the Knowledge About Aging Scale, Knowledge of the Situation of Older People Scale, Perceptions of Working with Older People Scale, and Care Willingness Scale were used in a pretest and posttest.ResultsAfter the intervention period, we observed substantial between-group differences of 6.4 points on the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (p = 0.001), 7.7 points on Kogan’s Attitudes Toward Old People Scale (p = 0.002), 3.5 points on the Attitudes Toward the Elderly Scale (p = 0.002), 2.5 points on Knowledge About Aging (p = 0.055), 4.5 points on the Knowledge of the Situation of Older People Scale (p < 0.001), and 2.1 points on Perceptions of Working with Older People Scale (p = 0.046).ConclusionSimulation-based, holistic health-care education can significantly improve the empathy, knowledge, and attitudes of physiotherapy interns.
How acceptable do parents experiencing mental health challenges find e-Health interventions for mental health in the postnatal period: a systematic review
Authors: Attard Rosie , Iles Jane , Satherley Rose-Marie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPoor mental health in the postnatal period is experienced by high numbers of parents, with a high associated cost to society, however accessing therapeutic support during this time is complicated by parenting commitments. This has been further compounded by the covid-19 pandemic, where access to traditional therapy has been impacted. A lack of access to support for poor mental health in this period can have long term impacts on both the parents and their child. E-Health provides a potential solution to parents accessing support during this period by providing a convenient and flexible intervention which overcomes the barriers of traditional face-to-face therapy. However, without investigating the acceptability of such support for parents, it is not possible to predict uptake and consequent effectiveness. The current review synthesizes data available on acceptability of e-Health interventions in the post-natal period, finding that parents valued e-Health interventions however considerations must be made to certain, key areas impacting the acceptability of these interventions for parents. An element of therapist support and individualised content was preferred, along with a smooth user experience. Parents valued that e-Health fit into their routines and provided anonymity in their interactions. Further research needs to be completed into acceptability for minority social and ethnic groups where access and preference may differ.
#Fitmom: an experimental investigation of the effect of social media on body dissatisfaction and eating and physical activity intentions, attitudes, and behaviours among postpartum mothers
Authors: Tang Lisa , Tiggemann Marika , Haines Jess 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Research has shown that body dissatisfaction is higher during the postpartum period compared to other periods of life, and strongly associated with disordered eating behaviours, which can lead to adverse health outcomes. While results from cross-sectional studies suggest that social media may play an important role in body dissatisfaction among postpartum mothers, causal inference is limited due to the observational nature of the existing research. The objective of this study is to experimentally test the effect of body-focused social media on the body dissatisfaction and eating and physical activity intentions, attitudes, and behaviours of postpartum mothers.

Methods
Postpartum mothers of infants 0–6 months (n = 132) were randomly assigned to view either body-focused social media posts (n = 65), or a control set of infant feeding tips (n = 67). ANCOVA was used to examine differences between the intervention and control group on levels of body dissatisfaction, eating and physical activity intentions, attitudes, and behaviours. There were two follow-up time points, immediately post intervention and 1-month post intervention to measure potential sustained effects of intervention.

Results
Exposure to body-focused social media posts resulted in higher levels of body dissatisfaction, mean difference 1.54 (p = 0.002); poorer body image, mean difference 0.41 (p = 0.007); eating attitudes, mean difference 2.26 (p = 0.025); and higher levels of restrained eating behaviours, mean difference 0.39 (p < 0.001) among the intervention group post intervention. Mothers in the intervention group also reported higher levels of inspiration to be active, mean difference 0.48 (p = 0.021) post intervention. A sustained effect was found for restrained eating, mean difference 2.03 (p < 0.001) and poorer eating attitude, mean difference 0.29 (p = 0.001) at 1-month follow-up. No sustained effects were found for any other outcomes at 1-month follow-up.

Conclusion
Social media exposure to body-focused social media posts negatively affect postpartum mothers’ body dissatisfaction and health behaviours. Further experimental research that includes an interactive social media component is needed among this population.

Trial Registration:
NCT05181280, Study ID Number: 054798. Registered 06/01/2022. Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05181280.