bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Day‐ahead flexibility enhancement via joint optimization for new energy vehicle fleets and electric vehicle charging/hydrogen refuelling stations
Authors: Mo Yuhong , Qin Zhijun , Guo Yi , Zhang Yihui 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPower systems are striving for the decarbonization goal for long‐term sustainability. As a result, the renewable energy sources (RES) have been playing an increasingly important role in the generation portfolio. Power system flexibility maintaining the power balance under uncertain and variable RES generation has become a major concern during the energy transition. This paper proposes to apply new energy vehicles (NEV) including electric vehicles (EVs) and fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) as day‐ahead flexibility resources to make revenue by providing comprehensive capacity/energy flexibility in the ancillary service market. First, the detailed joint optimized operational strategies of the NEV fleet and the EV charging/hydrogen refuelling stations are formulated. Second, the design and service clearing methodology of the ancillary service market for flexibility enhancement is introduced. A game‐theoretic model is applied to determine the equilibrium price for both the demand and suppliers (namely NEV fleets) of operational flexibility. Third, case studies using IEEE benchmark systems are provided to validate the proposed methods. The results demonstrate that the joint optimization of NEV fleets, charging stations, and hydrogen refuelling stations can improve the power system operational flexibility, reduce the charging expense of NEV owners, and reduce the carbon emission by utilizing the green hydrogen.
Decayless longitudinal oscillations of a solar filament maintained by quasi-periodic jets
Authors: Ni Y. W. , Guo J. H. , Zhang Q. M. , Chen J. L. , Fang C. , Chen P. F. 
Published: April 2022

Context. As a ubiquitous phenomenon, large-amplitude longitudinal filament oscillations usually decay in 1–4 periods. Recently, we observed a decayless case of such oscillations in the corona.
Aims. We try to understand the physical process that maintains the decayless oscillation of the filament.
Methods. Multiwavelength imaging observations and magnetograms were collected to study the dynamics of the filament oscillation and its associated phenomena. To explain the decayless oscillations, we also performed one-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical simulations using the code MPI-AMRVAC.
Results. In observations, the filament oscillates without decay with a period of 36.4 ± 0.3 min for almost 4 h before eruption. During oscillations, four quasi-periodic jets emanate from a magnetic cancellation site near the filament. The time interval between neighboring jets is ∼68.9 ± 1.0 min. Numerical simulations constrained by the observations reproduced the decayless longitudinal oscillations. However, it is surprising to find that the period of the decayless oscillations is not consistent with the pendulum model.
Conclusions. We propose that the decayless longitudinal oscillations of the filament are maintained by quasi-periodic jets, which is verified by the hydrodynamic simulations. More importantly, it is found that, when it is driven by quasi-periodic jets, the period of the filament longitudinal oscillations also depends on the driving period of the jets, not on the pendulum period alone. With a parameter survey in simulations, we derived a formula by which the pendulum oscillation period can be derived using the observed period of decayless filament oscillations and the driving periods of jets.
Risikoänderung bei Patienten mit Pulmonaler Arterieller Hypertonie unter medikamentöser Therapie – Ergebnisse aus vier deutschen Zentren
Authors: Stubbe Beate , Halank Michael , Seyfarth Hans-Jürgen , Obst Anne , Desole Susanna , Opitz Christian F. , Ewert Ralf 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Risikobewertung für das abgeschätzte Überleben von PAH-Patienten ist eine wesentliche Grundlage für abgeleitete Therapieentscheidungen. Es existieren verschiedene Modelle für die Einschätzung des Risikos, welche jedoch weitgehend vergleichbar sind.Es wurden 131 PAH-Patienten aus den Jahren 2016–2018 hinsichtlich des Risikos nach dem ESC-/ERS-Schema ausgewertet. Etwa 2 Drittel der Patienten (mittleres Alter 64 ± 14 Jahre) wiesen ≥ 3 Komorbiditäten bzw. kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren auf. Zu Beginn der Beobachtung waren 13,8 % der Patienten als „low risk“, 76,3 % als „intermediate risk“ und 9,9 % als „high risk“ einzustufen. Zum Zeitpunkt der zweiten Kontrolle (im Mittel nach 12 ± 3 Monaten, Spanne 9–16 Monate) zeigten von den 111/131 (85 %) lebenden Patienten 20,7 % eine „low risk“-, 64,9 % eine „intermediate risk“- und 14,4 % eine „high risk“-Konstellation. Somit konnte lediglich ein geringer Anteil der Patienten durch die Therapie in eine günstigere Risiko-Kategorie überführt werden.Die von uns beobachteten Patienten mit einem „low risk“-Profil hatten ein Überleben von 100 % über 24 Monate. Die Patienten mit einem „intermediate risk“-Profil zeigten nach 12 Monaten ein Überleben von 96 % und nach 24 Monaten ein Überleben von 82 %. Dagegen lag das Überleben der Patienten mit einer „high risk“-Konstellation nach 12 Monaten bei 89 % und nach 24 Monaten bei nur 51 %.Trotz der aktuell verfügbaren therapeutischen Optionen konnte in unserer Analyse aus deutschen PH-Zentren nur ein kleiner Teil der PAH-Patienten während der Beobachtung in eine Niedrig-Risikogruppe mit guter Prognose überführt werden.
Therapie einer chronischen Infektion einer totalen Femurendoprothese bei einem 40-jährigen Patienten
Authors: Lenz Julia Elisabeth , Baumann Florian , Alt Volker 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungWir berichten über einen Patienten, bei dem 1999 im Alter von 20 Jahren die Implantation eines proximalen Femurersatzes bei einem Ewing-Sarkom notwendig war. Nach mehrfachen
infektionsbedingten Wechseloperationen stellte er sich im August 2019 im Alter von 40 Jahren mit Fistelbildung und chronischer Infektion einer totalen Femurprothese vor. Durch eine
interdisziplinäre Behandlung und 3-zeitige Wechseloperation mit Einsatz einer silberbeschichteten totalen Femurendoprothese konnte die Hüftexartikulation vermieden und reizlose
Weichteilverhältnisse bei voller Belastbarkeit des rechten Beins und Gehfähigkeit ohne Zuhilfenahme von Gehstützen bei einer aktuellen Nachbeobachtungszeit von 2 Jahren erreicht werden.
RCTs in der Pankreaschirurgie der letzten 10 Jahre – ein Update
Authors: Hillebrecht H Christian , Fichtner-Feigl Stefan , Diener Markus 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungRandomisiert kontrollierte Studien (RCT) stellen eine der wichtigsten Quellen neuer Evidenz für die Behandlung insbesondere onkologischer Patienten dar. Insbesondere auf dem Gebiet der
Pankreaschirurgie, wo Komplikationen vergleichsweise häufig und schwerwiegend sind, sind innovative operativ-technische wie auch periinterventionelle Innovationen gefragt, die in der Lage
sind, Morbidität und Mortalität zu reduzieren. Trotz der mannigfaltigen methodischen Herausforderungen bei der Durchführung chirurgischer RCTs konnten in den letzten 10 Jahren große und
wissenschaftlich hochwertige Studien verzeichnet werden.Dieser Review gibt einen Überblick über wichtige, bereits abgeschlossene und publizierte, aber auch über interessante und wichtige ausstehende RCTs in der Pankreaschirurgie.
Robotisch gestützte Enukleation einer zystischen Neoplasie des Pankreaskopfes
Authors: Litkevych Stanislav , Thomaschewski Michael , Zimmermann Markus , Wellner Ulrich Friedrich , Höppner Jens , Keck Tobias 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungLaut aktuellen revidierten Fukuoka-Leitlinien besteht die Indikation zur Resektion von BD-IPMN des Pankreas mit Worrisome Features, da hier ein Risiko der malignen Entartung von bis zu 30%
besteht. Die Resektion kann bei fehlenden klinischen, bildmorphologischen und laborchemischen Malignitätszeichen als eine nicht anatomische, lokale Exzision durchgeführt werden.Eine robotische Enukleation bei benignen Raumforderungen der Bauchspeicheldrüse stellt eine sehr gute Alternative zu den resezierenden Verfahren, insbesondere zu denjenigen in offener
Technik, dar. Diese operative Behandlungsoption wird bei einem Mindestabstand bis zum pankreatischen Hauptgang von mindestens 2 mm im „International consensus statement on robotic pancreatic
surgery“ nahegelegt.Neben den bekannten Vorteilen der minimalinvasiven Chirurgie führt diese parenchymsparende Methode zum Erhalt von endo- und exokriner Funktion (ca. 90%) und zu einem progressfreien
10-Jahres-Überleben von ca. 75% bei etwas erhöhter Morbidität (ca. 60%) verglichen mit den resezierenden Verfahren.Der folgende Videobeitrag präsentiert das Operationsvideo einer robotischen Zystenenukleation (bei Verdacht auf eine BD-IPMN mit Worrisome Features) im Pankreaskopf und Processus uncinatus
bei einer 62-jährigen Patientin mit besonderer Betonung der wichtigsten vaskulären Landmarken, Besonderheiten der Herangehensweise und Vorteile der robotischen Technik.
Vorstellung und Evaluation des haptisch-visuellen, ohrchirurgischen Trainingssystems „HaptiVisT“
Authors: Sorge Martin , Eixelberger Thomas , Dietz Andreas , Simon Martina , Wittenberg Thomas , Katzky Uwe , Perret Jérôme , Hofer Mathias , Pirlich Markus 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Operationen am Felsenbein stellen eine besondere Herausforderung für HNO-Chirurgen dar. Ziel des BMBF-geförderten Projektes war die Entwicklung eines realitätsnahen Trainingssystems für Ohroperationen in Form eines „Serious Game“.
Methodik Der vorgestellte Prototyp des HaptiVisT-Systems fungiert als ohrchirurgisches Trainingssystem mit visueller Rückkopplung durch einen brillenlosen 3D-Monitor und haptischer Rückkopplung durch einen den Bohrer simulierenden Haptik-Arm. Eine Vielfalt von Trainingsmöglichkeiten wird durch 3 verfügbare chirurgische Prozeduren (Antrotromie, Mastoidektomie, posteriore Tympanotomie) gewährleistet. Ein gewichtetes Punktesystem ermöglicht die Messbarkeit des Trainingserfolgs. Im Zuge der technischen Entwicklung des Prototyps erfolgte eine prospektive Evaluation durch 8 HNO-Ärzte und 4 Studierende u.a. hinsichtlich der Lerninhalte und Benutzerfreundlichkeit. Zur Anwendung kam ein standardisierter Fragebogen (Ordinalskala: 1=sehr gut bis 5=sehr schlecht).
Ergebnisse Hinsichtlich der Lerninhalte ergaben die Aspekte „Festigung Anatomie (Mittelwert=1,58)“, „Training Hand-Augen-Koordination (1,67)“, „Übertragbarkeit in die Praxis (1,83)“ und „Nützlichkeit für die Praxis (1,33)“ gute bis sehr gute Werte. Die Benutzerfreundlichkeit zeigte für die Aspekte „Realitätsnähe (2,29)“, „Zusammenspiel Haptik und Optik (2,33)“ sowie „Immersion in das Trainingssystem (1,89)“ ebenfalls gute Werte. Der „Motivationsfaktor“ war bei allen Testpersonen sehr hoch (1,2).
Schlussfolgerung Das ohrchirurgische Trainingssystem HaptiVisT bietet die Möglichkeit des immersiven Trainings von Ohroperationen. Eine Integration in den klinischen Alltag und insbesondere in die ärztliche Weiterbildung zum HNO-Facharzt erscheint daher sinnvoll.
Copper-Catalyzed Alkylation of Quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with Styrenes and tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate
Authors: Zhong Xiaoyang , Li Xinying , Yao Hua , Lin Sen , Yan Zhaohua , Guo Hui , Min Li 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA simple strategy for the synthesis of 3-substituted quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones containing ether units is proposed. The method is realized by the three-component synthesis of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones, styrenes, and tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB). This reaction has good functional group tolerance and may involve a free-radical process.
New magnetic intermediate state, “B-phase,” in the cubic chiral magnet MnSi
Authors: Ohkuma M. , Mito M. , Pardo M. , Kousaka Y. , Iwasaki S. , Ohishi K. , Akimitsu J. , Inoue K. , Laliena V. , Campo J. 
Published: April 2022

It is well known that the archetype chiral magnet MnSi stabilizes a skyrmion lattice, termed “A-phase,” in a narrow temperature range in the vicinity of the paramagnetic boundary around Tc ∼ 29 K and Hc ∼ 2 kOe. Recently, it has been predicted that at much lower temperatures below Tc, the conical helicoid and the forced ferromagnetic (FFM) states could be separated by a new “unknown state.” In order to detect this “unknown state,” we explored the phase diagram of MnSi oriented single crystals as a function of the d.c. magnetic field (H⃗dc) and the temperature (T) by using a.c. magnetization measurements. For H⃗dc∥ 〈111〉, we observed a new region, termed “B-phase,” in the magnetic phase diagram, characterized by a flat-valley-like anomaly on the in-phase component of the a.c. magnetization (m′), over 3.5 ≤ Hdc ≤ 6.2 kOe just below the low temperature (T &lt; 6 K) FFM boundary. The observed frequency independence over 0.3–1000 Hz and the absence of any measurable absorption in the a.c. magnetization (m″) in the “B-phase” suggest a static nature. The “B-phase” was not observed for either H⃗dc∥ 〈100〉 or 〈110〉, revealing that the magnetic anisotropy could play a role in the stabilization of the phase. The “B-phase” could be compatible with the theoretical predictions if the new magnetic state is supposedly related with a relative reorientation of the four helices in MnSi.
A role for endoplasmic reticulum dynamics in the cellular distribution of microtubules
Authors: Tikhomirova Maria S. , Kadosh Avihay , Saukko-Paavola Aksel J. , Shemesh Tom , Klemm Robin W. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton form a coextensive, dynamic system that pervades eukaryotic cells. The shape of the ER is generated by a set of evolutionarily conserved membrane proteins that are able to control ER morphology and dynamics independently of MTs. Here we uncover that the molecular machinery that determines ER network dynamics can influence the subcellular distribution of MTs. We show that active control of local ER tubule junction density by ER tethering and fusion is important for the spatial organization of the combined ER–MT system. Our work suggests that cells might alter ER junction dynamics to drive formation of MT bundles, which are important structures, e.g., in migrating cells or in neuronal axons.
Observation of Weyl exceptional rings in thermal diffusion
Authors: Xu Guoqiang , Li Wei , Zhou Xue , Li Huagen , Li Ying , Fan Shanhui , Zhang Shuang , Christodoulides Demetrios N. , Qiu Cheng-Wei 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Thermal diffusion is dissipative and strongly related to non-Hermitian physics. At the same time, non-Hermitian Weyl systems have spurred tremendous interest across photonics and acoustics. This correlation has been long ignored and hence shed little light upon the question of whether the Weyl exceptional ring (WER) in thermal diffusion could exist. Intuitively, thermal diffusion provides no real parameter dimensions, thus prohibiting a topological nature and WER. This work breaks this perception by imitating synthetic dimensions via two spatiotemporal advection pairs. The WER is achieved in thermal diffusive systems. Both surface-like and bulk states are demonstrated by coupling two WERs with opposite topological charges. These findings extend topological notions to diffusions and motivate investigation of non-Hermitian diffusive and dissipative control.
Concentration gradients in evaporating binary droplets probed by spatially resolved Raman and NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Bell Alena K. , Kind Jonas , Hartmann Maximilian , Kresse Benjamin , Höfler Mark V. , Straub Benedikt B. , Auernhammer Günter K. , Vogel Michael , Thiele Christina M. , Stark Robert W. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Imagine you spill your drink and miss some spots when cleaning up. The next morning you notice that the stains look quite different on different surfaces. What has happened? In droplets of liquid mixtures, the components evaporate at different rates, which leads to gradients in concentration and surface tension. These gradients can cause, for example, so-called Marangoni flows, which in turn affect the evaporation process. To better understand evaporation-induced liquid flows, the concentration gradients have to be measured without disturbing the liquid. Marker molecules might be surface-active or even may affect the evaporation process. We report here on marker-free and contactless measurements of concentrations by spatially resolved Raman and NMR spectroscopy in evaporating binary droplets.
Prenatal disruption of blood–brain barrier formation via cyclooxygenase activation leads to lifelong brain inflammation
Authors: Zhao Qiuying , Dai Weiye , Chen Hui Yu , Jacobs Russell E. , Zlokovic Berislav V. , Lund Brett T. , Montagne Axel , Bonnin Alexandre 
Published: April 2022

Significance
This study demonstrates that maternal inflammation during pregnancy perturbs blood–brain barrier formation via cyclooxygenase activation in fetal microglia, leading to abnormal cerebrovascular function and chronic brain inflammation persisting across the offspring life span. Therefore, developmental disruption of blood–brain barrier formation could be an important etiological factor contributing to the pathology of neurodevelopmental disorders.
Small mammal personalities generate context dependence in the seed dispersal mutualism
Authors: Brehm Allison M. , Mortelliti Alessio 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Mutualisms are foundational components of ecosystems and give rise to essential services such as seed dispersal and pollination. Ecologists believe that nearly every species is involved in one or more mutualisms, but it is unknown how consistent behavioral differences among individuals, or personalities, may influence an individual’s role. We scored individuals on a continuum from antagonistic to mutualistic given their contributions to the seed dispersal mutualism and found that personalities affect the extent to which individuals are mutualistic. These findings suggest a novel mechanism generating context dependence in mutualisms and underscore the need to incorporate behavioral diversity into conservation and restoration efforts.
Biodiversity effects of food system sustainability actions from farm to fork
Authors: Read Quentin D. , Hondula Kelly L. , Muth Mary K. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
The food system’s negative impact on biodiversity is increasing over time. Conserving biodiversity requires immediate and widespread action to reduce the biodiversity footprint of food consumption, but biodiversity has historically been neglected in sustainability assessments. We combine high-resolution estimates of the biodiversity footprint with food system scenario modeling to predict the consequences of two key food system sustainability actions in the United States: diet shifts and food waste reduction. Taking these actions may benefit biodiversity in some places and harm it in others. The results of this study can help decision makers understand the trade-offs we must navigate to balance human health, economics, and environmental sustainability and help consumers understand how their diets and food waste behaviors influence global biodiversity.
Natural gas of radiolytic origin: An overlooked component of shale gas
Authors: Naumenko-Dèzes Maria , Kloppmann Wolfram , Blessing Michaela , Bondu Raphaël , Gaucher Eric C. , Mayer Bernhard 
Published: April 2022

SignificanceNatural gas is a key fossil fuel as the world transitions away from coal toward less polluting energy sources in an attempt to minimize the impact of global climate change. Historically, the origin of natural gas produced from conventional reservoirs has been determined based on gas compositional data and stable isotope fingerprints of methane, ethane, and highern-alkanes, revealing three dominant sources of natural gas: microbial, thermogenic, and abiotic. In our detailed synthesis of published natural gas data from a variety of unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs worldwide, we demonstrate that there is a previously overlooked source of natural gas that is generated by radiolysis of organic matter in shales.
Massively parallel, computationally guided design of a proenzyme
Authors: Yachnin Brahm J. , Azouz Laura R. , White Ralph E. , Minetti Conceição A. S. A. , Remeta David P. , Tan Victor M. , Drake Justin M. , Khare Sagar D. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Proteins have shown promise as therapeutics and diagnostics, but their effectiveness is limited by our inability to spatially target their activity. To overcome this limitation, we developed a computationally guided method to design inactive proenzymes or zymogens, which are activated through cleavage by a protease. Since proteases are differentially expressed in various tissues and disease states, including cancer, these proenzymes could be targeted to the desired microenvironment. We tested our method on the therapeutically relevant protein carboxypeptidase G2 (CPG2). We designed Pro-CPG2s that are inhibited by 80 to 98% and are partially to fully reactivatable following protease treatment. The developed methodology, with further refinements, could pave the way for routinely designing protease-activated protein-based therapeutics and diagnostics that act in a spatially controlled manner.
Transport features predict if a molecule is odorous
Authors: Mayhew Emily J. , Arayata Charles J. , Gerkin Richard C. , Lee Brian K. , Magill Jonathan M. , Snyder Lindsey L. , Little Kelsie A. , Yu Chung Wen , Mainland Joel D. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
What makes a molecule have a smell? This simple question represents a significant gap in our understanding of olfaction. To answer it, we trained models to predict whether molecules were odorous based on molecular characteristics and noted which characteristics were needed to make correct predictions. We found that molecules with sufficient volatility and hydrophobicity are generally odorous, which suggests that reaching olfactory receptors is the dominant barrier for prospective olfactory stimuli. Based on these criteria, there are billions of molecules that are likely odorous but have never been smelled. We can now recognize an odorous molecule from its structure, and this guides us to discover new classes of odorants and include all types of odorants in our study of smell.
Face neurons encode nonsemantic features
Authors: Bardon Alexandra , Xiao Will , Ponce Carlos R. , Livingstone Margaret S. , Kreiman Gabriel 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Face neurons, which fire more strongly in response to images of faces than to other objects, are a paradigmatic example of object selectivity in the visual cortex. We asked whether such neurons represent the semantic concept of faces or, rather, visual features that are present in faces but do not necessarily count as a face. We created synthetic stimuli that strongly activated face neurons and showed that these stimuli were perceived as clearly distinct from real faces. At the same time, these synthetic stimuli were slightly more often associated with faces than other objects were. These results suggest that so-called face neurons do not represent a semantic category but, rather, represent visual features that correlate with faces.
Reduction of free-roaming cat population requires high-intensity neutering in spatial contiguity to mitigate compensatory effects
Authors: Gunther Idit , Hawlena Hadas , Azriel Lior , Gibor Dan , Berke Olaf , Klement Eyal 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Although popular companion animals, domestic cats pose numerous problems when free-roaming, including predation of wildlife, hazards to humans, impaired sanitation, and a decrease in their welfare. Thus, managing their populations is essential. The trap–neuter–return method (TNR; capturing, sterilizing, returning/releasing) is widely employed for managing cat populations. However, there is a lack of long-term controlled evidence for its effectiveness. We examined the outcomes of high-intensity TNR by performing a 12-y controlled field experiment. Neutering over 70% of the cats caused population decline when applied over contiguous areas. However, it was limited by a rebound increase in reproduction and survival. These findings provide a robust quantification of the limitations and the long-term effectiveness of TNR.