bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination of late gadolinium enhancement and genotype improves prediction of prognosis in non‐ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Mirelis Jesús G. , Escobar‐Lopez Luis , Ochoa Juan Pablo , Espinosa María Ángeles , Villacorta Eduardo , Navarro Marina , Casas Guillem , Mora‐Ayestarán Nerea , Barriales‐Villa Roberto , Mogollón‐Jiménez María Victoria , García‐Pinilla José M. , García‐Granja Pablo E. , Climent Vicente , Palomino‐Doza Julian , García‐Álvarez Ana , Álvarez‐Barredo María , Cabrera‐Borrego Eva , Ripoll‐Vera Tomás , Peña‐Peña María Luisa , Rodríguez‐González Elena , Gallego‐Delgado María , Gonzalez‐Carrillo Josefa , Fernández‐Ávila Ana , Rodríguez‐Palomares José F. , Brugada Ramón , Bayes‐Genis Antoni , Dominguez Fernando , García‐Pavía Pablo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimsGenotype and left ventricular scar on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) are increasingly recognized as risk markers for adverse outcomes in non‐ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We investigated the combined influence of genotype and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in assessing prognosis in a large cohort of patients with DCM.Methods and resultsOutcomes of 600 patients with DCM (53.3 ± 14.1 years, 66% male) who underwent clinical CMR and genetic testing were retrospectively analysed. The primary endpoints were end‐stage heart failure (ESHF) and malignant ventricular arrhythmias (MVA). During a median follow‐up of 2.7 years (interquartile range 1.3–4.9), 24 (4.00%) and 48 (8.00%) patients had ESHF and MVA, respectively. In total, 242 (40.3%) patients had pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants (positive genotype) and 151 (25.2%) had LGE. In survival analysis, positive LGE was associated with MVA and ESHF (both, p < 0.001) while positive genotype was associated with ESHF (p = 0.034) but not with MVA (p = 0.102). Classification of patients according to genotype (G+/G−) and LGE presence (L+/L−) revealed progressively increasing events across L−/G−, L−/G+, L+/G− and L+/G+ groups and resulted in optimized MVA and ESHF prediction (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). Hazard ratios for MVA and ESHF in patients with either L+ or G+ compared with those with L−/G− were 4.71 (95% confidence interval: 2.11–10.50, p < 0.001) and 7.92 (95% confidence interval: 1.86–33.78, p < 0.001), respectively.ConclusionClassification of patients with DCM according to genotype and LGE improves MVA and ESHF prediction. Scar assessment with CMR and genotyping should be considered to select patients for primary prevention implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator placement.
Precision Glycodendrimers for DC‐SIGN Targeting**
Authors: Goti Giulio , Colombo Cinzia , Achilli Silvia , Vivès Corinne , Thépaut Michel , Luczkowiak Joanna , Labiod Nuria , Delgado Rafael , Fieschi Franck , Bernardi Anna 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMultivalent ligands of the C‐type lectin receptor DC‐SIGN have emerged as effective antiadhesive agents against various pathogens. Some years ago, we described a hexavalent DC‐SIGN ligand, Polyman‐26, designed to bridge two of the four binding sites displayed by the receptor. In this work, we present our efforts to accomplish simultaneous coordination of all four carbohydrate binding sites of DC‐SIGN through the synthesis of cross‐shaped glycodendrimers. The tailored rigid scaffold allowed multivalent presentation of glycomimetics in a spatially defined fashion, while providing good water solubility to the constructs. Evaluation of the biological activity by SPR assays revealed strong binding avidity towards DC‐SIGN and increased selectivity over langerin. Inhibition of DC‐SIGN binding to SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein and of DC‐SIGN mediated Ebola virus trans‐infection testifies for the glycodendrimers potential application in infection diseases. The tetravalent platform described here is easily accessible and can be used in modular fashion with different ligands, thus lending itself to multiple applications.
A new multimodality fusion classification approach to explore the uniqueness of schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Du Yuhui , He Xingyu , Kochunov Peter , Pearlson Godfrey , Hong L. Elliot , van Erp Theo G. M. , Belger Aysenil , Calhoun Vince D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSchizophrenia (SZ) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) sharing overlapping symptoms have a long history of diagnostic confusion. It is unclear what their differences at a brain level are. Here, we propose a multimodality fusion classification approach to investigate their divergence in brain function and structure. Using brain functional network connectivity (FNC) calculated from resting‐state fMRI data and gray matter volume (GMV) estimated from sMRI data, we classify the two disorders using the main data (335 SZ and 380 ASD patients) via an unbiased 10‐fold cross‐validation pipeline, and also validate the classification generalization ability on an independent cohort (120 SZ and 349 ASD patients). The classification accuracy reached up to 83.08% for the testing data and 72.10% for the independent data, significantly better than the results from using the single‐modality features. The discriminative FNCs that were automatically selected primarily involved the sub‐cortical, default mode, and visual domains. Interestingly, all discriminative FNCs relating to the default mode network showed an intermediate strength in healthy controls (HCs) between SZ and ASD patients. Their GMV differences were mainly driven by the frontal gyrus, temporal gyrus, and insula. Regarding these regions, the mean GMV of HC fell intermediate between that of SZ and ASD, and ASD showed the highest GMV. The middle frontal gyrus was associated with both functional and structural differences. In summary, our work reveals the unique neuroimaging characteristics of SZ and ASD that can achieve high and generalizable classification accuracy, supporting their potential as disorder‐specific neural substrates of the two entwined disorders.
Is a law enough to provide a better prognosis for Brazilian melanoma patients or education is still a gap?
Authors: Marcelino Bruno Aquino , Soares Fernanda Hermeto , Curi Marcela Lima de Castro , Alves Wainstein Alberto Julius , Drummond‐Lage Ana Paula 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAccording to Brazilian Law 12.732/12 (“60‐day law”), cancer patients have 60 days after diagnosis for beginning treatment at the Unified Health System (SUS). The study aimed to evaluate the achievement and effectiveness of the ‘60‐day law’ for melanoma patients in a SUS cancer reference unit. A retrospective study analysed 58 medical charts from patients with the initial diagnosis performed before and after the “60‐day law”. The Law does not change the time interval between diagnosis and the beginning of treatment, and after the Law, patients presented a worse overall survival (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the ‘60‐day law’ was not effective.
An index number approach to estimating organic price premia at retail
Authors: Çakır Metin , Beatty Timothy K. M. , Boland Michael A. , Li Qingxiao , Park Timothy A. , Wang Yanghao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA full understanding of the retail price premia commanded by organic foods is essential to production, marketing, and public policy decisions. But there is no systematic information on magnitudes of the premia and how they change over time and across space. This article uses index number methods to estimate spatially and temporally consistent retail price premia for organic fresh fruits and vegetables (FFV). The indices are constructed using weekly point‐of‐sale scanner data from grocery stores and mass merchandisers in 24 contiguous metropolitan statistical areas (MSA) between 2009 and 2017. Our main result is that the national average organic price premia in the FFV market are persistent, ranging between 58% and 92%, and trending upward over the study period. The differences in premia across MSAs are large, while they have slightly converged during the study period. The premia also differ substantially across products. Lastly, we construct the price indices and estimate the premia using alternative compositions of index baskets. We show that price premia are substantially overestimated if the price of the conventional product basket is not calculated with the same weights used to calculate the price of the organic basket.
Availability and characteristics of teaching and learning curriculum programs for first year pharmacy residents: A national perspective
Authors: Thomas Michael C. , Benner Kim , Hughes Peter J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionPrevious surveys on teaching and learning curriculum (TLC) programs focus on specific populations (ie, schools and colleges of pharmacy). However, the prevalence and characteristics of TLC programs available through pharmacy residency programs across the spectrum of postgraduate year one (PGY1) programs is not known.ObjectivesTo determine the national prevalence, requirements, cost, and reasons for offering TLC programs in United States (US).MethodsAfter pilot testing, an electronic survey was sent to all pharmacy PGY1 residency program directors in the US. The survey asked respondents if a TLC program was available through their program and, if so, queried additional details about requirements for resident participants and cost considerations. Additionally, participants were asked to rank reasons for not making TLC programs available, if applicable. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics.ResultsThere were 419 surveys at least partially completed, which represented a 28.2% response rate and similar geographic distribution of respondents to that of the overall population of residency programs. Nearly 95% of responding residency programs offer a TLC program to their residents. Consistent with recommendations, a variety of teaching activities are completed by residents, with classroom instruction (75.2%) being most common. However, dyssynchrony exists between classroom instruction and didactic assessment (59.3%). Simulation and laboratory teaching opportunities was the least prevalent teaching activity (49%). Most TLC programs are not associated with a fee, but about 25% reported charging at least $25 per resident.ConclusionTLC programs are commonly offered through PGY1 pharmacy residency programs in the US. Most programs are facilitated by schools or colleges of pharmacy and offer residents a wide variety of teaching opportunities. However, there remains a gap in assessment and in simulation or lab teaching opportunities. The results of this study can be used by residency and TLC programs for self‐examination and quality improvement efforts.
Perfectionism unbound: An integrated individual and group intervention for those hiding imperfections
Authors: Cheli Simone , Cavalletti Veronica , Flett Gordon L. , Hewitt Paul L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe tendency to hide and mask suffering and one's perceived imperfections is one of the biggest obstacles in treating those with prominent perfectionistic traits. In this single case, we present an integrative form of psychotherapy for patients with recurrent strategies aimed at neither displaying nor disclosing their perfectionism. Emily was a 26‐year‐old woman diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder and reported a personality pathology as diagnosed through the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders. The intervention comprised of a 4‐month individual therapy and 2‐month group therapy. The former is based on Metacognitive Interpersonal Therapy protocol for personality disorders. The latter is a protocol that integrates the Dynamic Relational Treatment for Perfectionism and Compassion Focused Therapy. At the end of this integrative treatment, Emily remitted from Major Depressive Disorder and personality pathology. Further studies should confirm our promising results in larger samples.
Effect of CD38 on B‐cell function and its role in the diagnosis and treatment of B‐cell‐related diseases
Authors: Zeng Feng , Zhang Jiani , Jin Xi , Liao Qianjin , Chen Zhifang , Luo Gengqiu , Zhou Yanhong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCD38 is a multifunctional receptor and enzyme present on the surface of B lymphocytes, which can induce B lymphocytes proliferation and apoptosis by crosslinking related cytokines to affect the function of B cells, thus affecting immune regulation in humans and promoting tumorigenesis. The level of CD38 expression in B cells has become an important factor in the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of malignant tumors and other related diseases. Therefore, studying the relationship between CD38 expression on the surface of B cells and the occurrence of the disease is of great significance for elucidating its association with disease pathogenesis and the clinical targeted therapy. In this paper, we review the effects of CD38 on B‐cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation, and elaborate the functional role and mechanism of CD38 expression on B cells. We also summarize the relationship between the level of CD38 expression on the surface of B cells and the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of various diseases, as well as the potential use of targeted CD38 treatment for related diseases. This will provide an important theoretical basis for the scientific research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of B‐cell‐related diseases.
Evolution and functionalization of vitellogenin genes in the termite Reticulitermes speratus
Authors: Yaguchi Hajime , Suzuki Shogo , Kanasaki Naoto , Masuoka Yudai , Suzuki Ryutaro , Suzuki Ryouhei H. , Hayashi Yoshinobu , Shigenobu Shuji , Maekawa Kiyoto 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEusociality has been commonly observed in distinct animal lineages. The reproductive division of labor is a particular feature, achieved by the coordination between fertile and sterile castes within the same nest. The sociogenomic approach in social hymenopteran insects indicates that vitellogenin (Vg) has undergone neo‐functionalization in sterile castes. Here, to know whether Vgs have distinct roles in nonreproductive castes in termites, we investigated the unique characteristics of Vgs in the rhinotermitid termite Reticulitermes speratus. The four Vgs were identified from R. speratus (RsVg1−4), and RsVg3 sequences were newly identified using the RACE method. Molecular phylogenetic analysis supported the monophyly of the four termite Vgs. Moreover, the termites Vg1−3 and Vg4 were positioned in two different clades. The dN/dS ratios indicated that the branch leading to the common ancestor of termite Vg4 was under weak purifying selection. Expression analyses among castes (reproductives, workers, and soldiers) and females (nymphs, winged alates, and queens) showed that RsVg1−3 was highly expressed in fertile queens. In contrast, RsVg4 was highly expressed in workers and female nonreproductives (nymphs and winged adults). Localization of RsVg4 messenger RNA was confirmed in the fat body of worker heads and abdomens. These results suggest that Vg genes are functionalized after gene duplication during termite eusocial transition and that Vg4 is involved in nonreproductive roles in termites.
Outcomes of psychiatric genetic counseling in relation to time since diagnosis and symptom onset
Authors: Saxton Sarah , Inglis Angela , Morris Emily , Hercher Laura , Austin Jehannine 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo our knowledge, no studies have yet evaluated whether genetic counseling (GC) outcomes are influenced by the timing of the counseling session in relation to the onset or diagnosis of the condition of interest. We conducted an exploratory retrospective chart review using a database from a psychiatric GC (pGC) clinic, to examine the relationship between GC outcomes and time elapsed between: (a) onset of psychiatric symptoms (time since onset, TSO) and/or (b) psychiatric diagnosis (time since diagnosis, TSD), and the pGC session. Linear regression was used to assess the relationship between change in Genetic Counseling Outcome Scale (GCOS) scores from pre‐GC to 1 month post‐GC and TSO and/or TSD. Charts of 271 patients (80% women, mean age = 39.9 years old) seen between 2012 and 2018 were included in the analyses. Mean TSO = 19.6 years (range 0–62 years), and mean TSD = 11.1 years (range 0–43 years). Overall, empowerment increased after GC regardless of TSO/TSD (p < 0.0001, d = 1.11). While there was no relationship between GCOS change and TSD, a negative relationship was observed for TSO (p = .032) suggesting better outcomes with shorter TSO, although the effect size was very small (f2 = 0.019). Post hoc analysis revealed this effect was driven by two diagnoses, depression (n = 164, p = 0.013) and schizoaffective disorder (n = 6, p = 0.042). For the former, the effect size was very small (f2 = 0.038) and for the latter, the probability of type 2 error was high. In sum, our data suggest that TSO/TSD plays a negligible role in outcomes of pGC, with patients benefitting from pGC, regardless how long ago symptoms started/diagnosis was made.
Trends, intensification, attribution and uncertainty of projected heatwaves in India
Authors: Chowdhury Bratati 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the projected heatwaves for India using 0.25° × 0.25° summer mean temperature data from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) 5 and 6 simulations for 2016–2100. The heatwaves were delineated using count and density‐based indices. A new approach of using medians of past as threshold for computing projected variables was introduced to amplify the footprint of the warming signal on the heatwaves. Further, spatio‐climatic heterogeneity of India was accounted through optimizing climatic zones using the fuzzy c‐mean clustering technique. Temporal homogeneity, trend, intensification and attribution of the heatwave variables were computed and analysed. Additionally, the scenario uncertainty was partitioned from the internal climatic variability, and consequently the variables were modelled within a probabilistic framework. Within this probabilistic framework, a novel concept of intensification ratio was introduced to capture the cost of climate action/inaction on heatwaves in India. All the heatwave variables except heatwave count have breaks in homogeneity between 2045 and 2055 and show predominantly increasing trends. While heatwave count shows an intensification of 4–6 times over the past, with 70% of the intensification being attributable to climate change, for other variables, the figures are 35–30 times and 95%. The scenario uncertainty surpasses the internal climatic variability around 2050. The probabilistic framework yields normalized values of uncertainty mostly below 0.5, enhancing the applicability of the results. Finally, the intensification ratio shows that climate inaction will intensify the heatwaves for ~75% of India by ~50–100%. The intensification of heatwave density over its count and relative accentuation of heatwaves resulting from climate inaction are the major takeaways from this study.
Bayesian approaches to fixed effects meta‐analysis
Authors: Domínguez Islas Clara , Rice Kenneth M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBayesian methods seem a natural choice for combining sources of evidence in meta‐analyses. However, in practice, their sensitivity to the choice of prior distribution is much less attractive, particularly for parameters describing heterogeneity. A recent non‐Bayesian approach to fixed‐effects meta‐analysis provides novel ways to think about estimation of an average effect and the variability around this average. In this paper, we describe the Bayesian analogs of those results, showing how Bayesian inference on fixed‐effects parameters—properties of the study populations at hand—is more stable and less sensitive than standard random‐effects approaches. As well as these practical insights, our development also clarifies different ways in which prior beliefs like homogeneity and correlation can be reflected in prior distributions. We also carefully distinguish how random‐effects models can be used to reflect sampling uncertainty versus their use reflecting a priori exchangeability of study‐specific effects, and how subsequent inference depends on which motivation is used. With some important theoretical results, illustrated in an applied meta‐analysis example, we show the robustness of the fixed effects even for small numbers of studies.
Green extraction of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) using microwave method for recovery of three valuable fractions (essential oil, phenolic compounds and cannabinoids): a central composite design optimization study
Authors: Mazzara Eugenia , Carletti Riccardo , Petrelli Riccardo , Mustafa Ahmed M , Caprioli Giovanni , Fiorini Dennis , Scortichini Serena , Dall'Acqua Stefano , Sut Stefania , Nuñez Sonia , López Victor , Zheljazkov Valtcho D , Bonacucina Giulia , Maggi Filippo , Cespi Marco 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDSolvent‐free microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) is a green extraction method capable of boosting the yield and quality profile of hemp essential oil when compared with other conventional extraction techniques. During this process, two by‐products are produced, namely the aqueous residue containing bioactive phenolics and the residual deterpenated biomass, which can be used for further extraction and purification of phytocannabinoids. To date, the hemp industry has not utilized these products, although they can be valuable for the food, cosmetic, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical market.RESULTSThis study assessed and optimized the variables affecting MAE efficiency, namely microwave irradiation power, extraction time and added water, which were studied using a central composite design approach, and results were used to optimize the extraction process for recovering three valuable fractions: essential oil, polyphenols and phytocannabinoids. The products obtained using the optimized conditions were characterized in terms of yield, chemical profile and antioxidant potential. Moreover, the by‐products obtained during the optimized run were further analyzed in terms of their biological activity using both enzymatic and non‐enzymatic assays. The aqueous residue demonstrated a powerful α‐glucosidase inhibition, a good activity in terms of superoxide radical scavenging activity, a modest efficacy in terms of inhibition of advanced glycation end products formation and no activity in terms of lipase inhibition. The residual deterpenated biomass did not possess significant biological activity.CONCLUSIONThis work demonstrated valorization of industrial hemp essential oil and its by‐products, obtained by a sustainable and eco‐friendly extraction method, through an almost waste‐free approach. Cannabinoids as well as other valuable bioactive compounds such as glycosidic flavones may be recovered from the residues of the essential oil extraction, representing interesting substances in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and nutraceutical fields. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Advanced hybrid process with back contact IGZO‐TFT
Authors: Honjo Masatomo , Takeda Yujiro , Aman Mehadi , Kobayashi Shunsuke , Kitoh Kenichi , Ito Kazuatsu , Tanaka Kohei , Matsukizono Hiroshi , Nakamura Wataru 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe propose a new structure hybrid backplane technology with back contact IGZO‐TFT and LTPS. In this structure, IGZO is directly connected with intermediate metal to reduce the number of layers. The patterning process of IGZO and intermediate metal was optimized to realize superior IGZO/metal contact structure. The uniformity of contact resistance over a large area has been address for hybrid backplane. The characteristics of IGZO‐TFTs with high uniformity and reliability were confirmed. High‐quality AMOLED panels with new structure backplane have been adopted at smartphone with 6.6 in. display after severe reliability tests. We believe that the proposed structure would be useful for the mass‐production of OLED display with high quality and low cost.