bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of machine learning to determine the shear stress and filtration loss properties of nano-based drilling fluid
Authors: Ning Yee Cai , Ridha Syahrir , Ilyas Suhaib Umer , Krishna Shwetank , Dzulkarnain Iskandar , Abdurrahman Muslim 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA detailed understanding of the drilling fluid rheology and filtration properties is essential to assuring reduced fluid loss during the transport process. As per literature review, silica nanoparticle is an exceptional additive to enhance drilling fluid rheology and filtration properties enhancement. However, a correlation based on nano-SiO2-water-based drilling fluid that can quantify the rheology and filtration properties of nanofluids is not available. Thus, two data-driven machine learning approaches are proposed for prediction, i.e. artificial-neural-network and least-square-support-vector-machine (LSSVM). Parameters involved for the prediction of shear stress are SiO2 concentration, temperature, and shear rate, whereas SiO2 nanoparticle concentration, temperature, and time are the inputs to simulate filtration volume. A feed-forward multilayer perceptron is constructed and optimised using the Levenberg–Marquardt learning algorithm. The parameters for the LSSVM are optimised using Couple Simulated Annealing. The performance of each model is evaluated based on several statistical parameters. The predicted results achieved R2 (coefficient of determination) value higher than 0.99 and MAE (mean absolute error) and MAPE (mean absolute percentage error) value below 7% for both the models. The developed models are further validated with experimental data that reveals an excellent agreement between predicted and experimental data.
Modification of starch using alkali, adipic acid, and mustard oil in search of an improved biomaterial
Authors: Mahmud Md. Arif 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to modify starch using a combination of alkali and adipic acid and mustard oil to improve the mechanical and absorbency properties. Acid and oil were applied for uniform and quick swelling and gelatinization of starch, while alkali helped the whole gelatinization process at a lower temperature at a uniform rate. Chain scissoring via oxidation and reformation of bonds within the adjacent chains have resulted in the modified structure of starch. The material underwent several tests, including mechanical, thermal, and absorbency tests. The maximum tensile strength after modification was recorded at 8.58 MPa, while the absorbency reduced to below 60%, which is generally found above 150% in native starch. The thermal properties were found to be the least affected by the modification. Comparison with other modified starches showed considerable success, but the most significant aspect was found to be the low product cost. Comparison with other biopolymers and synthetic polymers also proved some improvements in this study.
Manifestations of environmental principles in bridging scientific context, reasoning and behaviour: framework in the development of environmental education programmes in the Philippines
Authors: Malaluan Lorie E. , Espinosa Allen A. , Duad Virgil D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study explored the relationship between scientific context (SC), scientific reasoning (SR), and scientific behaviour (SB) across the environmental principles to show their significance as essential scientific competencies in the development of environmental programmes in the Philippine K-12 curriculum in a process where environmental education has a key role to play. One hundred and seventy-seven high school students from Bongabong, Oriental Mindoro in the Philippines were selected through the cluster purposive probabilistic sampling method. A descriptive normative survey method of research was employed in this study. The students’ SC had a high relationship with their SR, which is a direct indicator of SB. This was a sign that SC, SR, and SB all work together in a continuous way. Findings of this study will serve as baseline information for the framework of environmental education programmes through science, in the K-12 Philippine Science curriculum. So, when students learn things in the real world, they gain environmental effect, which is thought to be a key reason why people act in ways that are good for the environment and an important goal of environmental education.
New parameters and Lebesgue-type estimates in greedy approximation
Authors: Albiac Fernando , Ansorena José L. , Berná Pablo M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to quantify the size of the Lebesgue constants

$(\boldsymbol {L}_m)_{m=1}^{\infty }$

associated with the thresholding greedy algorithm in terms of a new generation of parameters that modulate accurately some features of a general basis. This fine tuning of constants allows us to provide an answer to the question raised by Temlyakov in 2011 to find a natural sequence of greedy-type parameters for arbitrary bases in Banach (or quasi-Banach) spaces which combined linearly with the sequence of unconditionality parameters

$(\boldsymbol {k}_m)_{m=1}^{\infty }$

determines the growth of

$(\boldsymbol {L}_m)_{m=1}^{\infty }$

. Multiple theoretical applications and computational examples complement our study.
The butterfly effect and the transition to turbulence in a stratified shear layer
Authors: Liu Chih-Lun , Kaminski Alexis K. , Smyth William D. 
Published: December 2022

In a stably stratified shear layer, multiple competing instabilities produce sensitivity to small changes in initial conditions, popularly called the butterfly effect (as a flapping wing may alter the weather). Three ensembles of 15 simulated mixing events, identical but for small perturbations to the initial state, are used to explore differences in the route to turbulence, the maximum turbulence level and the total amount and efficiency of mixing accomplished by each event. Comparisons show that a small change in the initial state alters the strength and timing of the primary Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, the subharmonic pairing instability and the various three-dimensional secondary instabilities that lead to turbulence. The effect is greatest in, but not limited to, the parameter regime where pairing and the three-dimensional secondary instabilities are in strong competition. Pairing may be accelerated or prevented; maximum turbulence kinetic energy may vary by up to a factor of 4.6, flux Richardson number by 12 %–15 % and net mixing by a factor of 2.
A Capabilities Framework for Dynamic Competition: Assessing the Relative Chances of Incumbents, Start-Ups, and Diversifying Entrants
Authors: Murmann Johann Peter , Vogt Fabian 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThis essay argues that to assess the likelihood that incumbent firms will successfully make the required transformations to their strategy and operations in the face of technological transformations, it is not sufficient to investigate their dynamic capabilities. Whether an incumbent is likely to succeed in its effort to change itself via dynamic capabilities depends also on how quickly start-ups or diversifying entrants can build ordinary capabilities to offer the new technology at scale. We offer a framework to assess dynamic competition that integrates both ordinary and dynamic capabilities into the analysis by systematically comparing incumbents, start-ups, and diversifying entrants. We illustrate the framework with a case study of electric vehicles and aim to show how crucial such comparative analyses are for making well-founded predictions about the likelihood that incumbents will be able to maintain their leadership positions in the future.
NORMAL AND IRREDUCIBLE ADIC SPACES, THE OPENNESS OF FINITE MORPHISMS, AND A STEIN FACTORIZATION
Authors: MANN LUCAS 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe transfer several elementary geometric properties of rigid-analytic spaces to the world of adic spaces, more precisely to the category of adic spaces which are locally of (weakly) finite type over a non-archimedean field. This includes normality, irreducibility (in particular, irreducible components), and a Stein factorization theorem. Most notably, we show that a finite morphism in our category of adic spaces is automatically open if the target is normal and both source and target are of the same pure dimension. Moreover, our version of the Stein factorization theorem includes a statement about the geometric connectedness of fibers which we have not found in the literature of rigid-analytic or Berkovich spaces.
“On Reading Mau Mau”
Authors: Alvarado Christian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDuring the so-called “era decolonization” in Africa, few historical events held more salience than what is most commonly known as the Mau Mau Uprising in Kenya (which covered the period from 1952 to 1960). This article examines not only how tropes about the nature and origins of Mau Mau were and are deployed across different semiotic landscapes, but also the ways in which their operations are made manifest through practices of reading. I argue that we should consider the idea of Mau Mau—whether it be central to a text or present a mere detail—as a catalyst through which broader claims are made, especially as they relate to the nature of history and the semiotic dimensions of the events that populate it. This article shows this through conducting a “tropology” of Mau Mau, in which the suffix -ology underscores reading its tropes as a particular mode of studying it.
Changes in sleep performance and chronotype behaviour after vestibular rehabilitation in unilateral vestibular hypofunction
Authors: Micarelli A , Viziano A , Arena M , Misici I , Di Benedetto A , Carbini V , Micarelli B , Alessandrini M 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate changes in sleep parameters and self-perceived sleep quality in unilateral vestibular hypofunction participants after vestibular rehabilitation.MethodForty-six unilateral vestibular hypofunction participants (before and after vestibular rehabilitation) along with a control group of 60 healthy patients underwent otoneurological examination, a one-week actigraphy sleep analysis and a series of self-report and performance measures.ResultsAfter vestibular rehabilitation, unilateral vestibular hypofunction participants showed a significant score decrease in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, a self-rated reliable questionnaire depicting sleep quality during the last month, as well as a reduction in sleep onset latency and an increase in total sleep time, indicating an objective improvement in sleep quality as measured by actigraphy analysis. However, after vestibular rehabilitation, unilateral vestibular hypofunction participants still showed statistically significant differences with respect to the control group in both self-rated and objective measurements of sleep quality.ConclusionVestibular rehabilitation may impact on sleep performance and chronotype behaviour, possibly by opposing long-term structural changes along neural pathways entangled in sleep activity because of the deafferentation of the vestibular nuclei.
The question of Icebergs: a cryo-history of Arctic submarine cables
Authors: Abildgaard Mette Simonsen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract“The Question of Icebergs” is a cryo-history (Sörlin, 2015) of Arctic infrastructures: How has ice and snow shaped communication infrastructures in the Arctic by both drawing in and deterring interest in travelling through, connecting with and building in the region? This study follows the case of the 160-year-old plans for “The Northern Route,” a transatlantic telegraph which would have placed Greenland, Iceland and the Faroe Islands at the centre of transatlantic communication in the early 1860s. I draw on Actor-Network Theory and postcolonial studies to trace how notions of the Arctic Sublime, a dependency on “credible ice witnesses,” local ice knowledges and the “politics of comparison” influenced the eventual abandonment of the route, where Arctic territories were (dis)regarded and considered as mere “substrate” for infrastructure. I argue that this cryo-history of Arctic telecommunication infrastructures is an essential contribution to a new socio-technical agenda in cable studies, which shows how established logics about who to connect, and where, still influence infrastructural development in the region today.
Capital and Kin: English Women's Intimate Networks and Property in Barbados
Authors: Ewen Misha 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article explores how women in England, using a range of economic and legal tools and methods, managed wealth and property in Barbados during the seventeenth century. Being distant from the colony had implications for how English women managed their property in Barbados, as direct oversight was impossible. Instead, women were forced to broker arrangements with overseers and agents who could act on their behalf. We can make sense of how they established these connections through the lens of women's intimate networks, as they appointed trusted friends, family, and associates to manage their affairs. Women's intimate networks are a lens through which we can explain not just how women acquired property, but also their continued investment in plantation economies and slavery during the first decades of English colonisation in Barbados.
Virtual global positioning system construction approach for unmanned surface vessel based on Dempster–Shafer theory and broad learning framework
Authors: Zhang Chuang , Cao Chunyan , Kang Kaihang , Guo Chen , Guo Muzhuang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntegrated navigation systems made up of a strap-down inertial navigation system (SINS) and global positioning system (GPS) are increasingly being used to improve the position, speed, and attitude information of unmanned surface vessels (USV). However, a GPS outage could occur due to the dependence of GPS performance on the external environment and the number of available satellites. This study uses an innovative combination of Dempster–Shafer (DS) theory and broad learning (BL) method to design a SINS/GPS integrated navigation system. First, the velocity and position information derived from the SINS and their corresponding GPS were fused using DS fusion rules, while the SINS error was modelled using the BL method. A ‘virtual’ GPS was then designed using the proposed DS–BL approach to provide the speed and position information when the GPS signal was interrupted, thereby ensuring the continuous navigation of the USV. The results of both simulation and sea trial demonstrate that the proposed virtual GPS estimation approach is effective, and the navigational accuracy of the proposed method is superior to other methods.
Associations between livestock keeping, morbidity and nutritional status of children and women in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
Authors: Zerfu Taddese Alemu , Nguyen Giang , Duncan Alan J. , Baltenweck Isabelle , Brown Fiona , Iannotti Lora L. , McNeill Geraldine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLivestock keeping can positively influence the nutritional status of populations and households through increased consumption of animal-source foods (ASF) and other indirect pathways, but can also adversely affect health by increasing the risk of diseases. We conducted a systematic review synthesising the current state of knowledge on the associations among livestock keeping, infectious disease and the nutritional status of children under 5 years and women of reproductive age in low- and lower–middle-income countries (LMICs). A comprehensive search of 12 electronic databases and grey literature sources published from 1991 to the end of December 2020 was conducted. Investigations exploring relationships between livestock keeping and risk of infectious disease transmission and nutritional status were selected using pre-defined inclusion criteria. After screening and filtering of 34,402 unique references, 176 references were included in the final synthesis. Most (160/176, 90.1%) of the references included in the final synthesis were from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and Asia. About two out of every five (42%) studies reviewed showed that livestock production is associated with improved height-for-ageZscores (HAZ) and weight-for-length/heightZscores (WHZ), while close to a third (30.7%) with improved weight-for-ageZscores (WAZ). Similarly, livestock production showed a positive or neutral relationship with women’s nutritional status in almost all the references that reported on the topic. Conversely, four-fifths (66/81, 79.5%) of the references reporting on infection and morbidity outcomes indicated that livestock keeping is linked to a wide range of infectious disease outcomes, which are spread primarily through water, food and insects. In conclusion, in many LMIC settings, livestock production is associated with better nutritional outcomes but also a higher risk of disease transmission or morbidity among women and children.This review was prospectively registered on PROSPERO 2020 [CRD42020193622]
Protein digestion and absorption: the influence of food processing
Authors: Loveday Simon M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe rates of dietary protein digestion and absorption can be significantly increased or decreased by food processing treatments such as heating, gelling and enzymatic hydrolysis, with subsequent metabolic impacts, e.g. on muscle synthesis and glucose homeostasis.This review examines in vivo evidence that industrial and domestic food processing modify the kinetics of amino acid release and absorption following a protein-rich meal. It focuses on studies that used compositionally-matched test meals processed in different ways.Food processing at extremely high temperature at alkaline pH and/or in the presence of reducing sugars can modify amino acid sidechains, leading to loss of bioavailability. Some protein-rich food ingredients are deliberately aggregated, gelled or hydrolysed during manufacture. Hydrolysis accelerates protein digestion/absorption and increases splanchnic utilisation. Aggregation and gelation may slow or accelerate proteolysis in the gut, depending on the aggregate/gel microstructure.Milk, beef and eggs are heat processed prior to consumption to eliminate pathogens and improve palatability. The temperature and time of heating affect protein digestion and absorption rates, and effects are sometimes non-linear. In light of a dietary transition away from animal proteins, more research is needed on how food processing affects digestion and absorption of non-animal proteins.Food processing modifies the microstructure of protein-rich foods, and thereby alters protein digestion and absorption kinetics in the stomach and small intestine. Exploiting this principle to optimise metabolic outcomes requires more human clinical trials in which amino acid absorption rates are measured and food microstructure is explicitly considered, measured and manipulated.
Genetic risk of AUDs and childhood impulsivity: Examining the role of parenting and family environment
Authors: Su Jinni , Trevino Angel , Jamil Belal , Aliev Fazil 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study examined the independent and interactive effects of genetic risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD), parenting behaviors, and family environment on childhood impulsivity. Data were drawn from White (n = 5,991), Black/African American (n = 1,693), and Hispanic/Latino (n = 2,118) youth who completed the baseline assessment (age 9–10) and had genotypic data available from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. Participants completed questionnaires and provided saliva or blood samples for genotyping. Results indicated no significant main effects of AUD genome-wide polygenic scores (AUD-PRS) on childhood impulsivity as measured by the UPPS-P scale across racial/ethnic groups. In general, parental monitoring and parental acceptance were associated with lower impulsivity; family conflict was associated with higher impulsivity. There was an interaction effect between AUD-PRS and family conflict, such that family conflict exacerbated the association between AUD-PRS and positive urgency, only among Black/African American youth. This was the only significant interaction effect detected from a total of 45 tests (five impulsivity dimensions, three subsamples, and three family factors), and thus may be a false positive and needs to be replicated. These findings highlight the important role of parenting behaviors and family conflict in relation to impulsivity among children.
Two approximate symmetry frameworks for nonlinear partial differential equations with a small parameter: Comparisons, relations, approximate solutions
Authors: Tarayrah Mahmood R. , Pitzel Brian , Cheviakov Alexei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe frameworks of Baikov–Gazizov–Ibragimov (BGI) and Fushchich–Shtelen (FS) approximate symmetries are used to study symmetry properties of partial differential equations with a small parameter. In general, it is shown that unlike the case of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), unstable BGI point symmetries of unperturbed partial differential equations (PDEs) do not necessarily yield local approximate symmetries for the perturbed model. While some relations between the BGI and FS approaches can be established, the two methods yield different approximate symmetry classifications. Detailed classifications are presented for two nonlinear PDE families. The second family includes a one-dimensional wave equation describing the wave motion in a hyperelastic material with a single family of fibers. For this model, approximate symmetries can be used to compute approximate closed-form solutions. Wave breaking times are found numerically and using the approximate solutions, which yield comparable results.
Mid-cavitary hypertrophy after myocarditis in a patient with operated medulloblastoma
Authors: Gursu Hazım Alper , Çetin İbrahim İlker 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA 16-month-old girl was referred for tachycardia and upper respiratory tract infection. Echocardiographic examination revealed pericardial effusion, mild mitral regurgitation, and left ventricle systolic dysfunction. Patient was positive for Parainfluenza type 4 virus. Her laboratory tests revealed increased troponin I level. The patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin considering acute viral myopericarditis. Two weeks after treatment, midventricular hypertrophy was detected.
To Read or Not to Read: Trialling an Extensive Reading Program in a Year 10 Latin Classroom
Authors: Cooper Melissa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractReading is an essential part of learning a language. During my postgraduate (PGCE) teacher-training placement in the UK, I observed extensive reading being used in Modern Foreign Languages (MFL) and English classrooms but saw no evidence for it in the Latin classroom. However, the practice is gaining popularity in the United States as part of Comprehensible Input-based teaching. I was interested to see if extensive reading could be introduced in my classroom without any accompanying spoken Latin and if students would be interested in it. So, I decided to try an extensive reading program for my PGCE research project. The program was positively received by the majority of students, who felt that their Latin ability had improved even after only a handful of sessions, and who appreciated the relatively stressless activity that warmed up their ‘Latin brains’. Many commented that they wanted to read for longer. This very short trial of an extensive reading program gives me much hope for a longer trial or even a permanent program in the future. I also hope that this will encourage others to try bringing extensive reading and its benefits into their classrooms.