bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial intelligence deep learning for 3D IC reliability prediction
Authors: Hsu Po-Ning , Shie Kai-Cheng , Chen Kuan-Peng , Tu Jing-Chen , Wu Cheng-Che , Tsou Nien-Ti , Lo Yu-Chieh , Chen Nan-Yow , Hsieh Yong-Fen , Wu Mia , Chen Chih , Tu King-Ning 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThree-dimensional integrated circuit (3D IC) technologies have been receiving much attention recently due to the near-ending of Moore’s law of minimization in 2D IC. However, the reliability of 3D IC, which is greatly influenced by voids and failure in interconnects during the fabrication processes, typically requires slow testing and relies on human’s judgement. Thus, the growing demand for 3D IC has generated considerable attention on the importance of reliability analysis and failure prediction. This research conducts 3D X-ray tomographic images combining with AI deep learning based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) for non-destructive analysis of solder interconnects. By training the AI machine using a reliable database of collected images, the AI can quickly detect and predict the interconnect operational faults of solder joints with an accuracy of up to 89.9% based on non-destructive 3D X-ray tomographic images. The important features which determine the “Good” or “Failure” condition for a reflowed microbump, such as area loss percentage at the middle cross-section, are also revealed.
Proton pump inhibitors affect capecitabine efficacy in patients with stage II–III colorectal cancer: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Kitazume Yoshiko , Kawazoe Hitoshi , Uozumi Ryuji , Yoshizawa Tomoe , Iihara Hirotoshi , Fujii Hironori , Takahashi Masaya , Arai Takahiro , Murachi Yasushi , Sato Yumiko , Mikami Takahiro , Hashiguchi Koji , Yamazaki Tomoko , Takahashi Katsuyuki , Fujita Yukiyoshi , Hosokawa Yuki , Morozumi Issei , Tsuchiya Masami , Yokoyama Atsushi , Hashimoto Hironobu , Yamaguchi Masakazu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe association between capecitabine efficacy and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is controversial. Here, we determined whether co-administration of PPIs affects the real-world effectiveness of capecitabine. This retrospective observational study included consecutive patients with stage II–III colorectal cancer (CRC) who received adjuvant capecitabine monotherapy or CapeOX (capecitabine and oxaliplatin) between January 2009 and December 2014 at nine participating institutions. The primary endpoint was the difference in relapse-free survival (RFS) between patients who received PPIs and those who did not and was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Overall survival (OS) was the secondary endpoint. Multivariable analysis of RFS and OS was performed using a Cox proportional hazards model, propensity score adjustment, and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analyses. Data from 606 patients were evaluated, 54 of whom had received a PPI. PPI-treated patients tended to have poorer RFS and OS than patients treated without PPIs. The hazard ratio for RFS with capecitabine monotherapy was 2.48 (95% confidence interval: 1.22–5.07). These results were consistent with sensitivity analyses performed using propensity score adjustment and IPTW methods. Co-administration of PPIs may reduce the effectiveness of capecitabine and negatively impact patients with stage II–III CRC.
Characterization of the high-pressure and high-temperature phase diagram and equation of state of chromium
Authors: Anzellini Simone , Errandonea Daniel , Burakovsky Leonid , Proctor John E. , Turnbull Robin , Beavers Christine M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe high-pressure and high-temperature phase diagram of chromium has been investigated both experimentally (in situ), using a laser-heated diamond-anvil cell technique coupled with synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction, and theoretically, using ab initio density-functional theory simulations. In the pressure–temperature range covered experimentally (up to 90 GPa and 4500 K, respectively) only the solid body-centred-cubic and liquid phases of chromium have been observed. Experiments and computer calculations give melting curves in agreement with each other that can both be described by the Simon–Glatzel equation $$T_{m}(P) = 2136K (1 + P/25.9)^{0.41}$$

T
m

(
P
)

=
2136
K

(
1
+
P
/
25.9
)

0.41

. In addition, a quasi-hydrostatic equation of state at ambient temperature has been experimentally characterized up to 131 GPa and compared with the present simulations. Both methods give very similar third-order Birch–Murnaghan equations of state with bulk moduli of 182–185 GPa and respective pressure derivatives of 4.74–5.15. According to the present calculations, the obtained melting curve and equation of state are valid up to at least 815 GPa, at which pressure the melting temperature is 9310 K. Finally, from the obtained results, it was possible to determine a thermal equation of state of chromium valid up to 65 GPa and 2100 K.
Ovaries and testes of Lithobius forficatus (Myriapoda, Chilopoda) react differently to the presence of cadmium in the environment
Authors: Poprawa Izabela , Chajec Łukasz , Chachulska-Żymełka Alina , Wilczek Grażyna , Student Sebastian , Leśniewska Małgorzata , Rost-Roszkowska Magdalena 
Published: April 2022

AbstractProper reproduction depends on properly functioning gonads (ovaries and testes). Many xenobiotics, including heavy metals, can cause changes in somatic and germ line cells, thus damaging the reproductive capacity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the heavy metal cadmium on the gonads, including germ line and somatic cells. It is important to determine whether cell death processes are triggered in both types of cells in the gonads, and which gonads are more sensitive to the presence of cadmium in the environment. The research was conducted on the soil-dwelling arthropodLithobius forficatus(Myriapoda, Chilopoda), which is common for European fauna. Animals were cultured in soil supplemented with Cd for different periods (short- and long-term treatment). Gonads were isolated and prepared for qualitative and quantitative analysis, which enabled us to describe all changes which appeared after both the short- and long-term cadmium treatment. The results of our study showed that cadmium affects the structure and ultrastructure of both gonads in soil-dwelling organisms including the activation of cell death processes. However, the male germ line cells are more sensitive to cadmium than female germ line cells. We also observed that germ line cells are protected by the somatic cells of both gonads.
Transcriptomic analysis of OsRUS1 overexpression rice lines with rapid and dynamic leaf rolling morphology
Authors: Yu Ning , Liang Yaping , Wang Qingping , Peng Xinxiang , He Zhenghui , Hou Xuewen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractModerate leaf rolling helps to form the ideotype of rice. In this study, six independent OsRUS1-GFP overexpression (OsRUS1-OX) transgenic rice lines with rapid and dynamic leaf rolling phenotype in response to sunlight were constructed. However, the mechanism is unknown. Here, RNA-Seq approach was utilized to identify differentially expressed genes between flag leaves of OsRUS1-OX and wildtype under sunlight. 2920 genes were differentially expressed between OsRUS1-OX and WT, of which 1660 upregulated and 1260 downregulated. Six of the 16 genes in GO: 0009415 (response to water stimulus) were significantly upregulated in OsRUS1-OX. The differentially expressed genes between WT and OsRUS1-OX were assigned to 110 KEGG pathways. 42 of the 222 genes in KEGG pathway dosa04075 (Plant hormone signal transduction) were differentially expressed between WT and OsRUS1-OX. The identified genes in GO:0009415 and KEGG pathway dosa04075 were good candidates to explain the leaf rolling phenotype of OsRUS1-OX. The expression patterns of the 15 genes identified by RNA-Seq were verified by qRT-PCR. Based on transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analysis, a mechanism for the leaf rolling phenotype of OsRUS1-OX was proposed. The differential expression profiles between WT and OsRUS1-OX established by this study provide important insights into the molecular mechanism behind the leaf rolling phenotype of OsRUS1-OX.
Closed-loop controller based on reference signal tracking for absence seizures
Authors: Zhang Hudong , Chen Yuting , Xie Yan , Chai Yuan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAbsent epilepsy is a kind of refractory epilepsy, which is characterized by 2–4 Hz spike and wave discharges (SWDs) in electroencephalogram. Open-loop deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) is an effective method to treat absent epilepsy by eliminating SWDs in the brain. Compared with open-loop DBS, closed-loop DBS has been recognized by researchers for its advantages of significantly inhibiting seizures and having fewer side effects. Since traditional trial-and-error methods for adjusting closed-loop controller parameters are too dependent on the experience of doctors, in this paper we designed two proportional integral (PI) controllers based on the basal ganglia-cortical-thalamic model, whose PI parameters are calculated from the stability of the system. The two PI controllers can automatically adjust the frequency and amplitude of DBS respectively according to the change of the firing rate detected by substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr). The parameters of the PI controller are calculated based on the Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion of a linear system which transformed by the original system using controlled auto-regressive (CAR) model and recursive least squares (RLS) method. Numerical simulation results show that both PI controllers significantly destroy the SWDs of the cerebral cortex and restore it to the other two normal discharge modes according to the different target firing rate, which supplies a promising brain stimulation strategy.
Plasma cell-free RNA profiling distinguishes cancers from pre-malignant conditions in solid and hematologic malignancies
Authors: Roskams-Hieter Breeshey , Kim Hyun Ji , Anur Pavana , Wagner Josiah T. , Callahan Rowan , Spiliotopoulos Elias , Kirschbaum Charles Ward , Civitci Fehmi , Spellman Paul T. , Thompson Reid F. , Farsad Khashayar , Naugler Willscott E. , Ngo Thuy T. M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCell-free RNA (cfRNA) in plasma reflects phenotypic alterations of both localized sites of cancer and the systemic host response. Here we report that cfRNA sequencing enables the discovery of messenger RNA (mRNA) biomarkers in plasma with the tissue of origin-specific to cancer types and precancerous conditions in both solid and hematologic malignancies. To explore the diagnostic potential of total cfRNA from blood, we sequenced plasma samples of eight hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and ten multiple myeloma (MM) patients, 12 patients of their respective precancerous conditions, and 20 non-cancer (NC) donors. We identified distinct gene sets and built classification models using Random Forest and linear discriminant analysis algorithms that could distinguish cancer patients from premalignant conditions and NC individuals with high accuracy. Plasma cfRNA biomarkers of HCC are liver-specific genes and biomarkers of MM are highly expressed in the bone marrow compared to other tissues and are related to cell cycle processes. The cfRNA level of these biomarkers displayed a gradual transition from noncancerous states through precancerous conditions and cancer. Sequencing data were cross-validated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR and cfRNA biomarkers were validated in an independent sample set (20 HCC, 9 MM, and 10 NC) with AUC greater than 0.86. cfRNA results observed in precancerous conditions require further validation. This work demonstrates a proof of principle for using mRNA transcripts in plasma with a small panel of genes to distinguish between cancers, noncancerous states, and precancerous conditions.
Are People With Poststroke Aphasia Receptive to Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation? A Survey
Authors: Duncan E. Susan , Donovan Neila J. , Gentimis Thanos 
Published: April 2022

Purpose:The objective of this study was to explore receptiveness of people with poststroke aphasia to receiving transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), including preferences for the treatment setting and schedule of tDCS delivery.Method:An online survey was distributed via e-mail, flyers, social media, and online newsletters to reach people with aphasia. Fisher's exact test examined the relationship of self-reported tDCS receptiveness to demographic, clinical, and other factors.Results:Fifty-seven surveys were returned, and 50 complete surveys were analyzed. Twenty-eight percent of respondents had previously heard of tDCS. Sixty-six percent reported they would receive tDCS if it could help their aphasia, and only 6% reported that they definitely would not. There were statistically significant relationships between being receptive to tDCS and (a) not currently working, (b) being receptive to speech-language therapy, and (c) greater acceptance of potential temporary risks associated with tDCS. Most individuals (73%) who would consider tDCS were equivalently open to receiving it in the clinic or at home, yet the majority (64%) were open to more frequent sessions at home than in the clinic. Most respondents indicated that they would consider having tDCS “forever if it helped” (clinic: 51%; home: 68%).Conclusions:This is the first study to query individuals with aphasia about their receptiveness to tDCS outside the context of an intervention study. Responses suggest that a large majority of people with poststroke aphasia might be open to receiving tDCS if it can ameliorate their aphasia. Limitations include the small sample size, which does not adequately represent the broader population of people with aphasia, and that the survey did not provide the level of tDCS education crucial to inform shared decision making and person-centered care. However, future work may benefit from considering the practical implications of research designs (e.g., high intensity treatment outside the home) that may not, in application, be widely acceptable to primary stakeholders.Supplemental Material:https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19611777
An efficient built‐in error detection methodology with fast page‐oriented data comparison in 3D NAND flash memories
Authors: Cao HM. , Liu F. , Wang Q. , Du ZC. , Jin L. , Huo ZL. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis letter presents an efficient built‐in error detection methodology for 3D NAND flash memories, in which fast page‐oriented data comparison and column parallel error detection are firstly proposed. The methodology takes advantage of the characteristics of page buffer to perform fast page‐oriented comparison between test data and reference data. Thanks to that, both fine error detection mode and column parallel error detection mode can be supported for different test scenarios. Analytical results show that it costs about 164.14 μs and 460 ns in fine and column parallel mode respectively to detect a page which is 16 K bytes. Compared with previous work, the error detection time of the proposed column parallel mode is reduced 99.7% for 3D NAND flash memories.
An analytical approach for reducing k‐line failure analysis and load shed computation
Authors: Sarkar Ranadhir 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the problem of identification of critical k‐line contingencies that fail one after another in quick succession that render large load shed in the power system is addressed. The problem is formulated as a mixed‐integer non‐linear programming problem (MINLP) that determines total demand that cannot be satisfied under various k‐line removal scenarios. Due to the large search space of the problem, the solution through enumeration is intractable. Two algorithms are proposed using a proposed power flow sensitivity and a topological metric to identify a reduced number of k‐line contingencies that initiate cascading overload failure and islanding of power system respectively, that are used to solve the MINLP iteratively for identification of critical k‐line contingencies. The algorithms identify a reduced number of k‐line contingencies in linear time as compared to the exponential time complexity of brute‐force search for solutions of the MINLP. Case studies show that the proposed algorithms significantly reduce the search space and the computation time of the MINLP problem to find the most critical k‐line contingency in the IEEE 30 and 118 bus systems at that are also obtained in the list of k‐line contingencies identified using the proposed algorithms.
Early Clinical Efficacy of Endo-TLIF in the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: Xiao Chunlin , Yin Wenchao , Zhao Kai , Luo Jiaquan , Huang Weimin , Liu Wuyang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective We aimed to compare the early clinical efficacy of endoscopy-assisted transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (Endo-TLIF) and traditional Open-TLIF in the treatment of
lumbar disc herniation and lumbar instability.
Methods Forty-six patients with lumbar disc herniation and lumbar instability admitted to the hospital were retrospectively studied from October 11, 2018 to October 11, 2020.
Patients (including 17 males and 29 females) were randomly divided into Endo-TLIF and Open-TLIF groups according to the different surgical treatment. Parameters such as intraoperative blood
loss, operation time, and intraoperative fluoroscopy time during the surgery as well as preoperative and postoperative lumbar lordosis angle and lumbar clearance height and related
complications were recorded in detail.
Results Endo-TLIF significantly reduced intraoperative blood loss and bleeding volume compared with traditional Open-TLIF. The incision length in the Endo-TLIF group was shorter than
in the Open-TLIF group and the intraoperative fluoroscopy time was also shorter than in the Open-TLIF group. The bed rest time and hospital discharge time were shortened in Endo-TLIF surgery
compared with traditional Open-TLIF surgery. The creatine kinase (CK) values of the Endo-TLIF group were lower than that of the Open-TLIF group on the 1st and 3rd day after operation.
Although computed tomography images of the lumbar lordosis angle did not show a significant difference between the Endo-TLIF group (43.97 ± 8.91°) and Open-TLIF group (49.08 ± 9.42°), the
visual analogue scale score and Oswestry dysfunction index of lower back pain in the Endo-TLIF group were significantly lower than in the Open-TLIF group at 1 month and half a year after
surgery. Complications in the Endo-TLIF group, such as lower limb neurological dysfunction and diseases of the respiratory or urinary system, effectively improved compared with the Open-TLIF
group.
Conclusion Endo-TLIF appears to be a safer and more effective option for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation and lumbar instability, with a shorter recovery time, less trauma,
less bleeding, no need for postoperative drainage, and less iatrogenic injury.
Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Heterocyclic Ring Systems by Combination of Regioselective C–C with Twofold C–N Couplings
Authors: Langer Peter 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe combination of regioselective palladium-catalyzed C–C with twofold C–N couplings allows for the synthesis of a variety of heterocyclic ring systems. Starting materials include thiophenes and benzothiophenes, pyrroles and indoles, furans and benzofurans, pyridines, quinolines and quinoxalines, complex heterocyclic systems and benzophenone derivatives. The products are in many cases complex polyheterocyclic systems, which are not readily available by other methods or, in a number of cases, were not described in the literature before. They are of pharmacological relevance or interesting in the field of material science. Products include thieno[3,2-b:4,5-b′]diindoles, thieno[3,2-b]indoles, thieno[3,4-b]indoles, 5,10-dihydroindolo[3,2-b]indoles, furo[3,2-b:4,5-b′]diindoles, benzo[4,5]furo[3,2-b]indoles, 5,7-dihydropyrido[3,2-b:5,6-b′]diindoles, 5,7-dihydropyrido[2,3-b:6,5-b´]diindoles, α-, β-, γ- and δ-carbolines, indolo[3,2-b]quinolines, indolo[2,3-b]quinolines, indolo[3,2-c]quinolines, indoloquinoxalines, pyrido[2′,1′:2,3]imidazo[4,5-b]indoles, thiadiazolo[2′,3′:2,3]imidazo[4,5-b]indoles, benzo[b]carbazolediones, acridones and thieno[3,2-b]quinolones.Contents1	Introduction2	Thiophenes and Benzothiophenes3	Pyrroles and Indoles4	Furans and Benzofurans5	Pyridines6	Quinolines and Quinoxalines7	Complex Heterocyclic Systems8	2,3-Dibromonaphthoquinone9	Benzophenone Derivatives10	Conclusions
Diagnostic Efficacy of COVID-19 Rapid Antigen Detection Card in Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Selvabai R Alice P. , Koshy Lino V. , Shanmugam Priyadarshini 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction The rapid surge of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) cases globally makes it essential for rapid diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rtRT-PCR) remains as the gold standard to detect COVID-19 cases because of its greater sensitivity and specificity. However, because of its prolonged turnaround time and technical expertise, recommendations have been made to employ the use of rapid diagnostic test for rapid diagnosis and to curb the spread of the disease.
Methods This prospective study was performed in a tertiary COVID-19 care hospital located amidst the semi-urban settings. Both nasopharyngeal and throat swabs collected from the COVID 19 suspected study participants were subjected to both COVID 19 rtRT-PCR and rapid antigen testing.
Results Of the total 599 samples tested by rtRT-PCR, 310 (52%) were positive and 289 (48%) tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. Of the 599 samples tested by rapid antigen test (RAT), 230 (38%) were positive and 369 (62%) were negative. The overall sensitivity and specificity of our study kit was found to be 74.19 and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity of the RAT greatly overlaps with the viral load which is determined by the cycle threshold (CT) values of SARS-CoV-2, E gene, and RdRp gene.
Conclusion RAT yields rapid results within a short-turnaround time and found to be cost effective. Therefore, this test can be adopted in areas with rapid surge in SARS-CoV-2 cases which can help to rapidly identify the positive cases and to implement isolation and infection control measures.
Species divergence in gut-restricted bacteria of social bees
Authors: Li Yiyuan , Leonard Sean P. , Powell J. Elijah , Moran Nancy A. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
The diversification of host-associated microbial communities depends on barriers to gene flow, imposed by confinement to different hosts or by niche partitioning within single hosts. However, most gut microbiomes are too complex to disentangle the diversification processes. Taking advantage of the simple gut microbiomes of social bees, we demonstrate that bee gut bacteria have diversified both between host species and within single host species through the acquisition of different ecological niches within the same gut. Our study further shows that gut microbiomes differ in spatial distributions within the same host, possibility due to adaptation to specified nutritional niches, such as urea utilization.