bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of role of umbilical cord anomalies in fetal death-An institutional experience
Authors: Begum Fakeha , Mounika P. , Pavane M. , Ramya CH. 
Published: September 2022

Umbilical cord plays pivotal role in development and well being of fetus. Any abnormality in the umbilical cord can affect the viability of the fetus. In spite of presence antenatal diagnostic modalities still fetal autopsy plays a vital role in identification and confirmation of the abnormalities which lead to intrauterine fetal death. To check for incidence of variety of cord abnormalities in perinatal fetal deaths. It is a retrospective observational study of 26 cases of perinatal deaths due to cord abnormalities taken from Jan 2013 to July 2021 in tertiary care center. In the study 26 cases of fetal autopsy were included over a period of nine years. Mean maternal age was 26 years. 12 cases (44.3%) were of vessel number defects. In which 11 were two vessel cords and the other was 5 vessel cord, 14 cases showed short cord. 8 cases showed normal cord length. 4 cases showed long cords. True knots were seen in one case. 3 cases (28%) were involving stenosed cords. and 5 cases (28.4%) were of supercoiling 3 twisted cords. Maternal co-morbidities were present in 3 cases.Umbilical cord anomaly is a major stress factor for fetus playing a key role in feto-maternal perfusion. Cord abnormalities can be clinically insignificant or can be severe leading to foetal death. The present study reemphasizes the importance of umbilical cord and its impact on wellbeing of foetus. Thus there is need to develop special and exclusive antenatal screening for umbilical cord abnormalities needs further research.
Społeczeństwo polskie wobec uchodźców ukraińskich w pierwszym miesiącu wojny Rosji z Ukrainą w tygodnikach opinii na przykładzie „Polityki” i „Gościa Niedzielnego”
Authors: Kindziuk Milena 
Published: September 2022

Po trzydziestu dniach od ataku Federacji Rosyjskiej na terytorium Ukrainy granicę na całej długości z Ukrainy do Polski przekroczyło 2,5 miliona uchodźców. Celem niniejszego artykułu było zbadanie, w jaki sposób dwa polskie tygodniki opinii, mające największy nakład: „Polityka” i „Gość Niedzielny”, ukazały reakcje społeczeństwa polskiego wobec uchodźców ukraińskich w pierwszym miesiącu wojny. Podjęto też analizę zależności współwystępowania tekstów dziennikarskich z podejmowaniem inicjatyw państwowych oraz kościelnych odnośnie do pomocy uchodźcom wojennym, a także analizę dotyczącą problemów opisywanych w związku z tym na łamach wymienionych tygodników. Jako metodę badawczą przyjęto ilościową i jakościową analizę zawartości. Pomocniczo wykorzystano też metodę analizy kontekstu dyskursu prasowego. Na potrzeby badania opracowano klucz kategoryzacyjny i sporządzono kwestionariusz. Z tekstów opublikowanych w okresie badawczym na łamach tych pism wynika, że omawianej problematyki nie podjęto w równym stopniu, chociaż zamieszczono podobną liczbę tekstów. Z artykułów obu pism wypływa różny obraz społeczeństwa polskiego, który jednak pokrywa się z linią wydawniczą tych tygodników.
Age-Stratified Outcomes of Mehta Casting in Idiopathic Early-Onset Scoliosis
Authors: Fedorak Graham T. , MacWilliams Bruce A. , Stasikelis Peter , Szczodry Michal , Lerman Joel , Pahys Joshua M. , D’Astous Jacques 
Published: September 2022

Background:
This study provides age-stratified outcomes of cast treatment for idiopathic early-onset scoliosis.

Methods:
This is a multicenter, retrospective review of patients with idiopathic early-onset scoliosis treated with Mehta casting at 4 tertiary children’s hospitals between 2001 and 2016. The inclusion criteria were idiopathic early-onset scoliosis and a minimum follow-up of 2 years after casting ended. The exclusion criteria were <2 casts, >3 casts at an outside facility, and a major curve of <20° pre-treatment. Subjects were grouped by age at first cast: <18 months, 18 to <24 months, 2 to <3 years, 3 to <4 years, and ≥4 years.

Results:
There were 134 patients with a mean follow-up of 5.2 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.8 to 5.5 years) after casting. Prior to treatment, the major curve was not significantly different between the various age groups and was a mean of 50.4° (95% CI, 48.0° to 52.8° [range, 22° to 109°]). Of the <18-month group (n = 59), at the final follow-up at a mean of 7.4 years (95% CI, 6.8 to 8.1 years) of age, 75% had scoliosis of <15°, and 6.8% had undergone a surgical procedure or had a major curve of ≥50°. The results declined in the 18 to <24-month group (n = 30), with a major curve of <15° at the final follow-up at 8.5 years (95% CI, 7.3 to 9.7 years) of age in 33% (p < 0.001), and 17% having undergone a surgical procedure or had a major curve of ≥50°, with results nearly identical in the 2 to <3-year group (n = 21). The results continued to decline with increasing age; 23% of the 3 to <4-year group had a major curve of <15° at the final follow-up, and 31% had undergone a surgical procedure or had scoliosis of ≥50°. Of the ≥4-year group, just 9.1% had scoliosis of <15° (p < 0.0001 compared with the <18-month group), and 64% had undergone a surgical procedure or had scoliosis of ≥50°.

Conclusions:
Children who underwent casting prior to 18 months of age were more likely to have a major curve of <15° at a minimum 2-year follow-up after casting.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Embolism After Injection of a Calcium Sulfate Bone Graft Substitute
Authors: Tadje Jacob M. , Daines S. Bradley 
Published: September 2022

Case:
A 66-year-old man presented with new left hip pain after total hip arthroplasty 21 years earlier. Computed tomography imaging revealed massive osteolysis involving the ileum behind the well-fixed acetabular component. The patient was indicated for head and liner exchange with grafting of the osteolytic lesion. Surgery was complicated by cardiopulmonary arrest after injection of a bone graft substitute into the lesion. Despite resuscitation attempts, the patient died.

Conclusion:
Embolism is a rare complication of bone graft substitute injection for pelvic osteolysis. This material can extravasate from bone and deposit in the pulmonary and cerebral microcirculation.
Risk Factors for the Development of Heterotopic Ossification Following Acetabular Fractures
Authors: Yeung Phillip , Zarnett Oren , Lefaivre Kelly A. , Guy Pierre 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Heterotopic ossification (HO) following acetabular fractures is a common complication that may affect clinical outcomes. However, the effects of prophylactic treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or radiation therapy remain controversial. While several factors have been related to the development of HO, there is considerable uncertainty regarding their importance or effect size in the setting of acetabular surgery. Therefore, this systematic review aims to summarize the risk factors for HO following the operative fixation of acetabular fractures and clarify their interrelationships.

Methods:
In accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL databases were searched from inception to February 2021. Studies that assessed factors related to HO development among patients with operatively repaired acetabular fractures were included. Outcomes were risk factors and their effect size (p values, odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals).

Results:
Twenty-five studies and 1 conference abstract with a total of 3,940 patients were included. The following risk factors for HO were identified. Patient factors were increased body mass index, male sex, and increased age. Injury factors were intensive care unit (ICU) admission and length of stay, non-ICU hospitalization for >10 days, the need for mechanical ventilation for ≥2 days, abdominal and/or chest injuries, the number and type of associated fractures, traumatic brain injuries, T-type acetabular fractures, pelvic ring injuries, and hip dislocation. Care factors were a delay to surgery, extensile and posterior surgical approaches to the hip, trochanteric osteotomy, postoperative step-off of >3 mm, and a delay to prophylaxis following injury or surgery. Ethnicity, Injury Severity Score, cause of the fracture, femoral head injuries, degloving injuries, comminution, intra-articular debris, the type of bone void filler, gluteus minimus muscle preservation, prolonged operative time, and intraoperative patient position were not risk factors for developing HO.

Conclusions:
HO following operative fixation of acetabular fractures is not uncommon, with severe-grade HO associated with substantial disability. Careful consideration of the risk factor effect sizes and interdependencies could aid physicians in identifying patients at risk for developing HO and guide their prophylactic management. The results of this study could establish a framework for future studies.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Oligocene–late Miocene basin evolution in the Yengejeh syncline in the Central Iranian Basin in response to the Arabia–Eurasia orogeny
Authors: Etemad-Saeed Najmeh , Najafi Mahdi , Nasirizadeh Negar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Central Iranian Basin has developed during a multi-episodic collision between the Arabian and Eurasian continents since the late Eocene–early Oligocene, following the subduction of the Neo-Tethys Ocean. Herein, we present detailed sedimentological and provenance data of the Oligocene–upper Miocene synorogenic strata, including the unconformity-bounded Lower Red, Qom, and Upper Red formations, in the Yengejeh syncline in the NW termination of Central Iran, to analyze stratigraphy, depositional environments, and provenance. Our results indicate that the sedimentary system has evolved in five stages coeval with regional deformational and volcanic events: a) deposition of the Lower Red Formation in an alluvial fan containing the first appearance of Sanandaj–Sirjan metamorphic clasts sourced from the proximal southwestern Takab Complex, exhumed by the onset of Arabian–Eurasian soft collision in late Eocene–early Oligocene; b) Burdigalian transgression of the Qom Sea and shallow-water carbonate sedimentation influenced by continuous pyroclastic inputs and lava flows from an active volcanic center; c) deposition of the M1 unit of the Upper Red Formation in a continental sabkha in arid climate conditions during Burdigalian–Langhian and the first appearance of internal clasts derived from the folded Qom Formation layers due to the Arabian–Eurasian hard collision; d) fluvial deposition of the M2 unit during the Langhian–Tortonian with sediments derived from the Qom Formation and Takab Complex; and e) deposition of the uppermost siliciclastics of the M2 unit at the edge of an alluvial fan during the late Miocene, after a period of pyroclastic fallout in the Tortonian. In general, the source-to-sink relationship is controlled by the development of tectono-topographic relief in the crystalline core of the Zagros Mountains that configured the source areas in the Sanandaj–Sirjan metamorphic belt supplying the NW termination of Central Iran through a well-developed drainage system towards the Caspian Sea. Coeval with the deformational events, magmatic phases supplied a large volume of volcaniclastic inputs both before the Neo-Tethys slab break-off and after the hard continental collision. The depositional environments and provenance of the studied sedimentary record provide an analog for the development of synorogenic hinterland basins worldwide along with the well-known Altiplano Basin of the Andes and Hoh Xil Basin of Tibet.
Autoinducer-2 and bile salts induce c-di-GMP synthesis to repress the T3SS via the CesD/SycD/LcrH family of chaperones
Authors: Li Shuyu , Sun Hengxi , Li Jianghan , Zhao Yujiao , Wang Ruiying , Xu Lei , Duan Chongyi , Li Jialin , Wang Zhuo , Liu Qinmeng , Wang Yao , Ouyang Songying , Shen Xihui , Zhang Lei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) is a bacterial second messenger that transduces extracellular stimuli into intracellular responses, efficiently coordinating a plethora of important biological processes. Low levels of c-di-GMP are often associated with highly virulent behavior that depends on the type III secretion system (T3SS) effectors encoded, whereas elevated levels of c-di-GMP lead to the repression of T3SSs. However, extracellular signals that modulate c-di-GMP metabolism to control T3SSs and the underlying mechanisms remain largely obscure. Here, we identify a GAPES1 domain-containing diguanylate cyclase (DGC) YeaJ that senses the quorum sensing signal autoinducer-2 (AI-2) to repress T3SS-1 gene expression inSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium. YeaJ homologs capable of sensing AI-2 are present in many other species belonging toEnterobacterales. We also reveal that bile components taurocholate and taurodeoxycholate bind to the periplasmic sensory domain of the DGC YedQ to induce intracellular accumulation of c-di-GMP, thus repressing the expression of T3SS-1 genes. Further, we found that c-di-GMP negatively controls the function of T3SSs through binding to the widely conserved CesD/SycD/LcrH family of T3SS chaperones. Our results support a model in which bacteria sense changes in population density and host-derived cues to regulate c-di-GMP synthesis, thereby modulating the activity of T3SSs via a c-di-GMP-responsive T3SS chaperone.
Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 interactions with the Vero cell lines by scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Malá Zuzana , Vojta Marek , Loskot Jan , Sleha Radek , Ježek Bruno , Zelenka Josef 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the cell structure of SARS-CoV-2 infected cells. Our measurements revealed infection remodeling caused by infection, including the emergence of new specialized areas where viral morphogenesis occurs at the cell membrane. Intercellular extensions for viral cell surfing have also been observed. Our results expand our knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 interactions with cells, its spread from cell to cell, and their size distribution. Our findings suggest that SEM is a useful microscopic method for intracellular ultrastructure analysis of cells exhibiting specific surface modifications that could also be applied to studying other important biological processes.
The CNN-GRU model with frequency analysis module for sea surface temperature prediction
Authors: Han Ying , Sun Kaiqiang , Yan Jianing , Dong Changming 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Sea surface temperature is an important parameter of ocean hydrology. Accurate prediction of sea surface temperature is of great significance for ocean economic development and extreme weather prevention. Application of deep learning based method in sea surface temperature prediction has significantly increased due to its high analytical power. Nevertheless, sea surface temperature time series are so volatile and stochastic, leading to the fact that in depth analysis and accurate prediction of sea sea surface temperature are still challenging. Considering non-stationary and nonlinear characteristics in sea surface temperature sequence, variational mode decomposition is adopted as the de-noising module to reduce the influence of noise. Furthermore, the convolutional neural network is combined with the gated recurrent unit network to extract both spatial and temporal features in sea surface temperature sequence, simultaneously. Finally, a sea surface temperature prediction model based on deep learning model with frequency analysis module is proposed in this paper. The sea surface temperature of East China Sea is selected for empirical study. Through comparisons with the benchmarked models and existing deep learning based models, it is proved that the proposed model holds a relatively stable, efficient and effective performance in sea surface temperature prediction.
Predicting the Peak Flow and Assessing the Hydrologic Hazard of Kessem Dam, Ethiopia using Machine Learning and RMC-RFA Software
Authors: Ergete Esayase Tesfaye , Ayele Elias Gebebeyhu , Geremew Getachew Bereta 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Flooding due to overtopping during peak flow in embankment dams primarily causes dam failure. Kessem River watershed of the Awash basin in the Rift Valley of Afar region in Ethiopia has been studied intricately to predict the causes of Kessem dam safety using machine learning predictive models and Risk Management Centre-Reservoir Frequency Analysis (RMC-RFA). Recently developed Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) predictive models with hybrid with Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) were used for simulation of the river flow. Peak daily inflow to the reservoir is predicted to be 467.72m3/s, 435.88m3/s, and 513.55m3/s in 2035, 2061, and 2090, respectively. The hydrologic hazard analysis results show 2,823.57m3/s and 935.21m, 2,126.3m3/s and 934.18m and 11,491.1m3/s and 942.11m peak discharge and maximum reservoir water level during the periods of 2022-2050, 2051-2075, and 2076-2100, respectively, for 0.0001 Annual Exceedance Probability (AEP). Kessem Dam may potentially be overtopped by a flood with a return period of about 10,000 years during the period of 2076–2100. Quantitative hydrologic risk assessment of the dam is used for dam safety evaluation to decide whether the existing structure provides an adequate level of safety, and if not, what modifications are necessary to improve the dam's safety. Hence, the dam requires further risk analysis study and dam safety modification to control this probable failure mode during the indicated time.
Biomechanical mechanism of microimplant combined with traction hooks of different heights for overall distal upper dentition
Authors: yiqiang lin , tiantian zheng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the biomechanical mechanism of microimplant combined with traction hooks of different heights for overall distal upper dentition in patients with maxillary protrusion without tooth extraction.
Materials and methods
Twenty patients (18–30 years old) with maxillary protrusion without tooth extraction participated in the study between March 2019 and May 2020 in the Department of Orthodontics, Shanxi Medical University. They were randomly divided into two groups. The microimplants were implanted in the maxilla between 15 and 16 and 25 and 26, about 10 mm from the archwire, and the traction hooks were between 12 and 13 and 22 and 23. Group A:the force line of the microimplant and the traction hook was below the center of resistance of the maxillary arch and the anterior teeth; Group B: the force of the microimplant and traction hook was close to the center of resistance of the anterior teeth. The lateral cephalic radiographs before and after treatment were measured and analyzed to determine the influence of the two groups on the depression of the upper posterior teeth, rotation of the occlusal plane, advancement of the chin, and the depth of the mental labial groove.
Results
The values of FH-OP, U1-PP, U6A-PP, U6D-PP, Ptm-U6D, LL-B'-Pog', and Pog'-G after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment, and the value of B'-LLPog' increased significantly after treatment than that before treatment in Group A. The values of Ptm-U6D and B'-LLPog' after treatment in group B were significantly lower than those before treatment, while the value of LL-B'-Pog' after treatment was significantly higher than that before treatment; the other values were not statistically significant.
Conclusion
The anterior teeth were retracted with implants. When the force of the implant and traction hook was below the center of resistance of the maxillary arch and the anterior teeth, the occlusal plane was counterclockwise, the maxillary molars were tilted backward and moved backward, and the Mentolabial Sulcus was deepened, and the chin region could be moved forward.
Advancing guideline quality through country-wide and regional appraisal of CPGs: a scoping review
Authors: Allister Marli Mc , Florez Ivan D. , Stoker Suzaan , McCaul Michael 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background and Objective:
Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are evaluated for quality with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) tool(s), and this is increasingly done for different countries and regional groupings. This study aimed to describe, map, and compare these geographical synthesis studies, that assessed CPG quality using the AGREE tool(s). This allowed for a global interpretation of the current landscape of these country-wide or regional quality reviews, and a closer look at their methodology and results.
Study design and Methods:
A scoping review was conducted searching databases Medline, Embase, Epistemonikos, and grey literature on 5 October 2021 for review studies using the latest AGREE tool(s) to evaluate country-wide or regional CPG quality. Country-wide or regional reviews were the units of analysis, and simple descriptive statistics was used to conduct the analysis. AGREE scores were analysed across subgroups into one of the seven SDG regions, to allow for meaningful interpretation.
Results
Fifty-seven studies fulfilled our eligibility criteria, including 2918 CPGs. Regions of the Global North, and Eastern and South-East Asia were best represented. Studies were consistent in reporting and presenting their AGREE domain and overall results, but only 18% (n = 10) reported development methods and 19% (n = 11) reported use of GRADE. Overall scores for domains Rigor of development and Editorial independence were low, notably in middle-income countries. There were no reviews from low-income countries. Editorial Independence, especially, were low across all regions with a maximum domain score of 46%.
Conclusion
There is an increasing tendency to appraise country-wide and regional CPGs using quality appraisal tools, and this will expectantly improve quality of CPGs globally. The AGREE tool(s), evaluated in this study, were used well and consistently across studies. Findings of low report rates of development of CPGs and of use of GRADE is concerning, as is low domain scores globally for Editorial Independence. Transparent reporting of funding and competing interests, as well as highlighting evidence-to-decision processes, should assist in further improving quality as Clinicians (especially those from lower income regions) are in dire need of high-quality guidelines.