bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Play and liberty: A brief incursion into some ideological currents in the history of systems‐oriented family therapy
Authors: Sampolahti Timo , Laitila Aarno 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe reflect on family therapy and its history from two points of view, as an entity that becomes understood with the help of a twofold concept of a game, and a twofold concept of liberty. Systemic family therapy has always been comprehended with the help of game theory. Its development becomes more properly understood if we keep in mind that game itself is a dualistic concept entailing both a cultural and a logico‐mathematical interpretation of a game. We show how cultural ethos has molded the ways how game metaphor have been implemented to systemic thinking. In the same manner we show how Isaiah Berlin's idea of two incompatible concepts of liberty helps to contextualize family therapy in a way that its connections to sociopolitical theories of liberty become obvious. We believe that we have been able to demonstrate, how this twofold recontextualisation enriches the understanding of the ideological history of the family therapy. We claim that our reflections imply that family therapy is essentially a dualistic endeavor, that in the amid of it is a rift that cannot become repaired but only contemplated, that integrity of family therapy requires that we preserve both conflictual views, and don't try to simplify situation by abandoning one or the other. As a result, our article intends to develop further and deepen the idea that is originally presnted in the article "Strategy and intervention or non‐intervention: A matter of theory" by Harold Goolishian and Harlene Anderson.
Effect of microwave and ultrasound‐assisted extraction methods on phytochemical extraction of bee propolis of Indian origin and its antibacterial activity
Authors: Janani Dhanapathi , Lad Sunaina Sunil , Rawson Ashish , Sivanandham Vignesh , Rajamani Meenatchi 
Published: September 2022

SummaryThe propolis is a natural resinous product of bee hive and its composition majorly depends on the flora and geographical region. This study evaluated the propolis extracts collected from two different phytogeographical regions of India: Jammu & Kashmir (JKP) and Rajasthan (RP) obtained through maceration, ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE). Phytochemical composition and antibacterial effect of bee propolis against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria by the minimum inhibitory concentration assay were performed. The best results were obtained for JKP propolis and UAE was more efficient provided the highest extraction yield (46.76–62.44 g), phenols (137.17–355.58 GAE per g propolis), flavonoids (20.66–60.23 Q per g propolis) and antioxidant activity (76.04–64.24%) for both samples. The JKP and RP samples exhibited maximum inhibitory effect on gram – positive bacteria S. aureus with MIC value of 5 mg mL−1 compared to gram – negative bacteria E. coli.
Migrant community responses to the COVID‐19 pandemic: Mutual aid at La Morada
Authors: Délano Alonso Alexandra , Samway Daria 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article documents the impact of mutual aid, considering not just the food, resources and information that have been shared within and across communities since the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic in New York City, but the ways in which these efforts are part of an abolitionist framework that precedes and transcends this context, aiming to transform relationships, build community and create alternative structures with justice and dignity at the centre. We centre our analysis in La Morada's mutual aid kitchen in The South Bronx, drawing from our personal experiences working there and our collaboration with La Morada from 2020–2022.
Pursuit of happiness: Subjective well‐being of immigrants and natives
Authors: Zafar Sameen , Ammara Suman 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecent studies establish that subjective well‐being plays a significant part in the adjustment of immigrants in the host country and that after facing the initial costs of migration, immigrants experience levels of well‐being similar to natives across generations. Using two surveys, including the World Values Survey as well as the joint World Values Survey and European Value Survey, we, however, find that variations in subjective well‐being of immigrants and natives persist across generations, with second‐generation immigrants experiencing higher differences. This finding can be attributed to an increase in the aspirations of second‐generation immigrants. In developed regions, both first‐generation and second‐generation immigrants have a higher probability of reporting greater subjective well‐being than natives, which can be attributed to an improved standard of living among immigrants. Additionally, we look at the association between holding immigration‐friendly attitudes and the subjective well‐being of natives. Our study provides important policy insights.
‘Powering through’: A qualitative descriptive study of nurses working while in pain
Authors: Rainbow Jessica G. , Dudding Katherine M. , Bethel Claire 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo describe the experience of nurses working while in pain and the potential impact on work performance. Pain is described more broadly and inclusive of musculoskeletal injuries, psychological and emotional pain.BackgroundNurse have been recognised as developing pain and injuries; however, the experience of nurses working while in pain and its impact is not well‐described.DesignA qualitative descriptive analysis of interviews from an explanatory mixed methods study.MethodsTwenty direct care nurses who experienced pain in the past week participated in the semi‐structured interviews. Transcripts were analysed using content analysis. Guidelines for reporting following the COREQ checklist.ResultsCategories identified: (1) pain provocation, quality of pain, refers, severity, and time (PQRST); (2) Avoiding pain at work; (3) Hiding pain's impact; (4) Tools at Work; (5) Pain recovery at home; (6) Career consequences; and (7) ‘Supernurse’ culture; (8) Stigma and its impact on pain management; and (9) Dream work environment.ConclusionsPain was described as part of nursing and impacted nurses' career plans and performance. Nurses described minimising the direct impact on their patient care but admitted that there was an impact on teamwork and thinking which have been linked to negative patient outcomes.Relevance to clinical practiceClinical practice was an aggravating factor for all nurses in the study and impacted their performance and career trajectory. Workplace tools to decrease nurse injury and pain exist; however, tools were not used often due to lack of resources and training. The culture of nursing that accepts pain as part of the job needs to be addressed.
Availability of hospital‐based cancer services before and after rural hospital closure, 2008‐2017
Authors: Zahnd Whitney E. , Hung Peiyin , Shi Sylvia Kewei , Zgodic Anja , Merrell Melinda A. , Crouch Elizabeth L. , Probst Janice C. , Eberth Jan M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionRural populations have less access to cancer care services and experience higher cancer mortality rates than their urban counterparts, which may be exacerbated by hospital closures. Our objective was to examine the impact of hospital closures on access to cancer‐relevant hospital services across hospital service areas (HSAs).MethodsWe used American Hospital Association survey data from 2008 to 2017 to examine the change in access to cancer‐related screening and treatment services across rural HSAs that sustained hospitals over time, experienced any closures, or had all hospitals close. We performed a longitudinal analysis to assess the association between hospital closure occurrence and maintenance or loss of cancer‐related service lines accounting for hospital and HSA‐level characteristics. Maps were also developed to display changes in the availability of services across HSAs.ResultsOf the 2,014 rural HSAs, 3.8% experienced at least 1 hospital closure during the study period, most occurring in the South. Among HSAs that experienced hospital closure, the loss of surgery services lines was most common, while hospital closures did not affect the availability of overall oncology and radiation services. Screening services either were stable (mammography) or increased (endoscopy) in areas with no closures.DiscussionRural areas persistently experience less access to cancer treatment services, which has been exacerbated by hospital closures. Lack of Medicaid expansion in many Southern states and other policy impacts on hospital financial viability may play a role in this. Future research should explore the impact of closures on cancer treatment receipt and outcomes.
Anthocyanin pigmentation as a quantitative visual marker for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization of Medicago truncatula roots
Authors: Kumar Anil , Lin Hui , Li Qiuju , Ruan Yiting , Cousins Donna , Li Fuyu , Gao Shu , Jackson Kirsty , Wen Jiangqi , Murray Jeremy D. , Xu Ping 
Published: September 2022

Summary

Visualization of root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is the most elementary experiment in the field of mycorrhizal symbiosis. The most widely used approach for evaluating levels of AMF colonization is staining with trypan blue or ink, which is scored using the time‐consuming grid intersection method. Here we demonstrate the use of an anthocyanin‐based visual marker system for visualizing AMF colonization of Medicago truncatula roots.

Expression of MtLAP1, a transcription factor which regulates the production of anthocyanins, from the AMF‐induced Kunitz Protease Inhibitor 106 promoter, allowed the visualization of arbuscules in live plant tissues without microscopy or staining.

This marker system allowed straightforward qualitative evaluation of the ram1, vpy and dmi3 AMF phenotypes using Agrobacterium rhizogenes hairy‐root transformation. For the strigolactone biosynthesis mutant carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 8a and a novel mutant scooby, which show quantitative AMF symbiotic phenotypes, the amount of anthocyanins in the roots estimated by spectrophotometry correlated very well with colonization levels estimated by staining and scoring using the grid intersection method.

The LAP1‐based marker system therefore provides a highly efficient approach for mutant screening and monitoring of AMF colonization in live tissues by eye, or for quantitative assessment using a simple and quick photometric assay.
Evidence‐based classification in golf for athletes with a vision impairment: A Delphi study
Authors: Hynes Niall J. , Beukes Eldre W. , Hawkes Roger , Bennett Howard A. , Hamilton Christian , Jayabalan Prakash , Allen Peter M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractVision‐impaired (VI) golf is a global para‐sport currently played under several different classification systems under different bodies. This study aimed to gather expert opinion to determine whether the current classification systems are fit for the purpose intended and to identify any particular issues where VI impacts the game of golf for the disabled (G4D). A panel of 20 participants with expertise in G4D took part in a three‐round Delphi study. The panel agreed that the current classification system(s) for VI golf did not or only partially fulfilled the aim to minimise the impact of VI on the outcome of competition and that there should be one, internationally recognised, classification system. It was agreed that other metrics of VI, in addition to the measurement of visual acuity (VA), need to be considered. Intentional misrepresentation of VI was identified as a cause for concern. The panel agreed that the current classification system does not fully achieve its purpose. Any changes that are made to these classification systems need to be evidence based specific to VI golf. Further research is required to determine how measures of VI affect golfing performance and whether other metrics other than VA are required.
Systematic review of the prevalence of onychomycosis in children
Authors: Vestergaard‐Jensen Sif , Mansouri Abdullah , Jensen Lise Heilmann , Jemec Gregor B. E. , Saunte Ditte Marie L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOnychomycosis is one of the most common nail diseases in adults but is described as infrequent in children. Data are, however, scattered and diverse. Studies have nevertheless suggested that the prevalence of onychomycosis is increasing in children lately and the aim of this review was therefore to examine this problem. Two authors individually searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for articles on epidemiology and prevalence of onychomycosis in children. The literature search was conducted in accordance per PRISMA guidelines. In total 1042 articles were identified of which 23 were eligible for inclusion. One of the articles presented two studies and a total of 24 studies were therefore included. Seventeen studies presented data of the prevalence of onychomycosis in children in the general population and seven studies among children visiting a dermatological and pediatric department or clinic. The prevalence ranged from 0% to 7.66% with an overall discrete increase of 0.66% during the period 1972 to 2014 in population studies (not statistically significant). This review supports a trend towards an increased prevalence of onychomycosis in children, albeit based on a paucity of studies. The data suggests an increasing prevalence of onychomycosis with age, and co‐infection with tinea pedis (reported in 25% of the studies). The most common pathogen reported was Trichophyton rubrum and onychomycosis was more prevalent in toenails compared to fingernails. The general characteristics of onychomycosis in children are thus similar to those described in adults.
Exploring mutual support awareness in Japanese communities: A pilot study
Authors: Kawasaki Hiromi , Yamasaki Satoko , Yamashita Kotomi , Iki Tomoko 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe study aimed to examine life situations and perceptions related to the recognition of mutual support among Japanese people.DesignA quantitative, correlational, cross‐sectional analysis.SampleNine hundred and nine participants who provided complete questionnaire responses.MeasurementsAs a disaster prevention measure, a community center conducted a “questionnaire survey evaluating the recognition of mutual support and several potentially related factors”. In our study, these data from a self‐administered questionnaire were used secondarily.ResultsThe perceptions that differed with regard to the sense of mutual support included family structure; satisfaction with support, security, and disaster prevention in the district; being able to ask for help with shopping; closeness of the relationship with one's neighbors; seeing oneself as providing or needing protection; and recognition of existing worries regarding evacuation. In a logistic regression model, the factors predicting the sense of mutual support included being younger than 70 years, being able to ask for help with shopping, and the closeness of the association with one's neighbors.ConclusionsThe study identified situations that might predict the sense of mutual support in individuals in Japanese communities.
Constrained optimization of objective functions determined from random forests
Authors: Biggs Max , Hariss Rim , Perakis Georgia 
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we examine a data‐driven optimization approach to making optimal decisions as evaluated by a trained random forest, where these decisions can be constrained by an arbitrary polyhedral set. We model this optimization problem as a mixed‐integer linear program. We show this model can be solved to optimality efficiently using pareto‐optimal Benders cuts for ensembles containing a modest number of trees. We consider a random forest approximation that consists of sampling a subset of trees and establish that this gives rise to near‐optimal solutions by proving analytical guarantees. In particular, for axis‐aligned trees, we show that the number of trees we need to sample is sublinear in the size of the forest being approximated. Motivated by this result, we propose heuristics inspired by cross‐validation that optimize over smaller forests rather than one large forest and assess their performance on synthetic datasets. We present two case studies on a property investment problem and a jury selection problem. We show this approach performs well against other benchmarks while providing insights into the sensitivity of the algorithm's performance for different parameters of the random forest.
Don't waste that free lettuce! Impact of BOGOF promotions on retail profit and food waste
Authors: Wu Qi , Honhon Dorothee 
Published: September 2022

Buy‐one‐get‐one‐free (BOGOF), a ubiquitous sales promotion scheme by which consumers get two items for the price of one, encourages consumers to buy and waste food. An alternative promotional scheme is one where consumers receive a coupon for a second item available for free at a later time. Our work is motivated by British supermarkets which, facing criticism from lawmakers for running BOGOF promotions on perishables, started a “BOGOF Later” campaign with the claim that it would reduce the amount of waste. Food waste is indeed a very pressing issue, which has not yet been explored in connection to sales promotions. We compare the impact of these promotion schemes on a retailer's profit as well as on the amount of product wasted at the retail and household levels. We consider two possible applications: unexpected high inventory of a fresh product with a short shelflife and excess leftover inventory for an item at the end of its season or product life.We propose a two‐period newsvendor model which captures the sales‐boosting effect of promotions, the postpromotion sales drop due to satiation, the coupon‐redemption behavior, and the increased consumer wastage rate from BOGOF promotions. We obtain analytical comparisons of order quantity, profit, and waste across the different promotion schemes and use numerical experiments to generate further insights. We find that, in general, BOGOF promotions are profitable ways to liquidate inventory. In many instances, the increase in waste at the consumers' homes is offset by the decrease in waste at the retail store. As a result, BOGOF promotions often constitute “win‐win propositions” by simultaneously increasing the retailer's profit and decreasing total waste. Overall, our results paint a more favorable picture of the BOGOF promotion scheme than commonly perceived and suggest that its environmental criticism emanates from a too narrow and too consumer‐centric view of the waste problem.
Bioinformatic analysis and relative expression of hyd and fdx during H2 production in microalgae
Authors: Tamayo‐Ordoñez Yahaira de Jesús , Ayil‐Gutiérrez Benjamín Abraham , Moreno‐Davila Ileana Mayela Maria , Tamayo‐Ordoñez Francisco Alberto , Córdova‐Quiroz Atl Victor , Poot‐Poot Wilberth Alfredo , Damas‐Damas Siprian , Villanueva‐Alonzo Hernán de Jesús , Tamayo‐Ordoñez Maria Concepción 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARYMicroalgae have been positioned as excellent models for producing new sources of energy (biofuels and biohydrogen). Some investigations in these biological models have been directed to know if the enzymes ferredoxin (FDX) and hydrogenase (HYD) are involved in the algae producing different concentrations of molecular hydrogen (H2). To date, little is known about the concomitant transcriptional regulation of both enzymes during H2 evolution in algae. In this research, we evaluated the relative expression of hdy and fdx genes during the evolution of H2 in three microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquus, and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) in N‐deprived anaerobic cultures in the presence of Fe, and 12:24 and 24:24 h dark:light cycles. We also detected structural differences in the enzymes. The 3D modeling indicated that the 3D structure of HYD and FDX are conserved in most algal genera, and the results of our grouping according to the aa characteristics of the proteins showed two grouping trends: One, according to the algae's phylogenetic classification, and another one according to the species‐specific enzyme's characteristics, and the grouping could perhaps be more influenced by the algae's ability to produce H2. The three microalgae species reached maximum H2 accumulation values in 24h:24 h dark:light conditions in Fe‐supplemented media (4.2 ± 0.12 mL L−1 in C. vulgaris, 3.9 ± 0.10 mL L−1 in S. obliquus, and 4.5 ± 0.10 mL L−1 in C. reinhardtii), and the highest global relative expression of hyd and fdx genes was reached during the first hour of exposure to light, which suggests concomitant expression of both enzymes at the beginning of H2 production. The behavior of the expression of the hyd and fdx genes in these algal species proved to be similar between species. A better understanding of the concomitant regulation of both enzymes could lay the groundwork for the future use of both enzymes to improve H2 yields in microalgae.
Investigation of Adaptive Mesh Refinement on an Industrial Gas Turbine Combustor
Authors: McManus Liam , Karalus Megan , Munktell Erik , Rogerson Jim 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) method is demonstrated for Large Eddy Simulations (LES) of an industrial gas turbine combustor, the SGT-100 provided by Siemens Energy Industrial Turbomachinery Ltd. In this paper, the simcenterstar-ccm+® solver is used to dynamically refine a series of Large Eddy Simulations with a Flamelet Generated Manifold (FGM) combustion model as applied to the SGT-100. Mesh refinement criteria are defined using second gradients of mixture fraction and reaction progress. Two meshes are assessed with and without AMR. The results are then compared to a refined static mesh and experimental data. The accuracy and computational cost of the static and adaptively refined meshes are discussed. It is shown that AMR can provide close to 2× speed up compared to a refined static mesh with similar predictions of mean and RMS quantities of the flow field, flame temperature and major species.
Dissipation of Gravity Waves Due to Submerged Porous Plate Coupled With Porous Structures
Authors: Athul Krishna K. R. , Abdulla Khansa , Karmakar D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The present study focuses on wave trapping due to the submerged horizontal porous plate combined with the bottom-standing porous structure and surface-piercing porous structure. The submerged plate thickness is considered to be negligible as compared to the incident wavelength and water depth, and the porous structure is considered to be of finite width. The study is performed based on the eigenfunction expansion method, and the wave interaction with the combined structure is investigated using the small amplitude wave theory. The orthogonal mode-coupling relation is used to analyze the wave interaction with the combined structure. The reflection, transmission, and dissipation coefficients along with wave force on the porous structure are investigated to analyze the hydrodynamic performance of the composite porous breakwater system. Further, the effect of porosity of submerged plate and structure, submergence depth of plate and structure, angle of incidence, and the submerged plate length are investigated to analyze the effective wave dissipation by the composite breakwater. In addition, the comparative study of the numerical method is performed with the results available in the literature. The study noted that the wave damping due to the submerged porous plate backed by surface-piercing porous structure is more as compared to the submerged porous plate backed by the bottom-standing porous structure. The study performed will be helpful to scientists and engineers in the design of suitable composite breakwater systems and also assists in selecting the best structural configuration for attenuation of wave height and to protect the offshore facility from high waves in the coastal region.