bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ulisse: A tool for one-shot sky exploration and its application for detection of active galactic nuclei
Authors: Doorenbos Lars , Torbaniuk Olena , Cavuoti Stefano , Paolillo Maurizio , Longo Giuseppe , Brescia Massimo , Sznitman Raphael , Márquez-Neila Pablo 
Published: September 2022

Context.Modern sky surveys are producing ever larger amounts of observational data, which makes the application of classical approaches for the classification and analysis of objects challenging and time consuming. However, this issue may be significantly mitigated by the application of automatic machine and deep learning methods.Aims.We proposeulisse, a new deep learning tool that, starting from a single prototype object, is capable of identifying objects that share common morphological and photometric properties, and hence of creating a list of candidate lookalikes. In this work, we focus on applying our method to the detection of active galactic nuclei (AGN) candidates in a Sloan Digital Sky Survey galaxy sample, because the identification and classification of AGN in the optical band still remains a challenging task in extragalactic astronomy.Methods.Intended for the initial exploration of large sky surveys,ulissedirectly uses features extracted from the ImageNet dataset to perform a similarity search. The method is capable of rapidly identifying a list of candidates, starting from only a single image of a given prototype, without the need for any time-consuming neural network training.Results.Our experiments showulisseis able to identify AGN candidates based on a combination of host galaxy morphology, color, and the presence of a central nuclear source, with a retrieval efficiency ranging from 21% to 65% (including composite sources) depending on the prototype, where the random guess baseline is 12%. We findulisseto be most effective in retrieving AGN in early-type host galaxies, as opposed to prototypes with spiral- or late-type properties.Conclusions.Based on the results described in this work,ulissecould be a promising tool for selecting different types of astro-physical objects in current and future wide-field surveys (e.g.,Euclid, LSST etc.) that target millions of sources every single night.
Editorial
Authors: Brabant Thomas , Maus Uwe 
Published: September 2022

Liebe Leserin, lieber Leser,
liebe Osteologinnen und Osteologen,
man ist, was man isst! An dieser Redensart ist viel Wahres. Auch für den Bewegungsapparat, Knochen, Muskeln, ist die Ernährung ein wesentlicher und vor allem selbst beeinflussbarer Faktor. Deswegen hatten wir das Thema Ernährung auch zu einem der Schwerpunktthemen des Osteologiekongresses 2021 in Bremen gewählt.
Effekt von additivem körperlichem Training zur Bisphosphonat-Therapie auf die Knochendichte: Eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit und Meta-Analyse
Authors: Klotz Christopher , Jakob Franz , Kohl Matthias , Stengel Simon von , Lange Uwe , Thomasius Friederike , Kerschan-Schindl Katharina , Uder Michael , Kemmler Wolfgang 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Körperliches Training und antiresorptive pharmakologische Therapie wirken über unterschiedliche Mechanismen auf den Knochenstoffwechsel ein. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Ansatz, ob eine Bisphosphonat-Behandlung durch zusätzliches körperliches Training additive Effekte auf die Knochendichte (BMD) an Lendenwirbelsäule (LWS) und/oder Schenkelhals (SH) ausübt.
Methoden Unsere systematische Literaturrecherche von fünf elektronischen Datenbanken gemäß PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) schloss kontrollierten Studien mit einer Dauer von mehr als 6 Monaten und mindestens zwei Studienarmen: (a) Bisphosphonate (B), (b) Bisphosphonate und körperliches Training (B+E) bis zum 26. August 2021, ein. Studien mit anderen pharmazeutischen Therapien oder Krankheiten mit relevanten Auswirkungen auf den Knochenstoffwechsel wurden ausgeschlossen. Die vorliegende Analyse wurde als random-effects Meta-Analyse durchgeführt. Ergebnismaße waren standardisierte mittlere Differenzen (SMD) für BMD-Änderungen an LWS und Schenkelhals (SH).
Ergebnisse Unsere Suche identifizierte vier geeignete Studien mit insgesamt 247 Teilnehmern. Zusammenfassend zeigte die kombinierte Intervention (B+E) verglichen mit der isolierten Bisphosphonat-Therapie keine signifikant höheren Effektstärken an LWS (SMD: 0,66, 95%-CI: − 0,63 bis 1,94) oder SH-BMD (0,49 − 0,42 bis 1,40). Wir beobachteten für beide Studienendpunkte (BMD-LWS, BMD-SH) eine sehr hohe Heterogenität der Ergebnisse der eingeschlossenen Studien (I2: 89 bzw. 92%). Die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines „small study“ bzw. Publikations-Bias liegt in beiden Fällen ebenfalls recht hoch.
Schlussfolgerung Wir konnten keinen signifikant überlegenen Effekt einer kombinierten Intervention aus Bisphosphonaten und körperlichem Training im Vergleich zu isolierter Bisphosphonat-Therapie auf die BMD an LWS oder SH erfassen. Allerdings zeigten die vorliegenden Einzelstudien eine hohe Heterogenität, die wir primär auf unterschiedlichen Trainingsprotokolle der Studien zurückführen.
Schlüsselworte körperliches Training, Bisphosphonate, Knochendichte, Meta-Analyse
Skelettale Auswirkungen bariatrischer Chirurgie
Authors: Maus Uwe , Schultz Katharina , Vay Christian 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungBei zunehmender Prävalenz der Adipositas sind in Deutschland ca. 54% der Bevölkerung übergewichtig oder adipös, wobei mit steigendem Übergewicht das Risiko für weitere Erkrankungen, wie z. B. Diabetes mellitus Typ 2, Herzinsuffizienz, arterielle Hypertonie u. a. stark ansteigt. Die Reduktion des Körpergewichtes ist daher aus verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten anzustreben. Viele Patientinnen und Patienten mit Adipositas haben bereits vor einer möglichen Operation einen Mangel an Vitamin D und Calcium und zeigen in Laboruntersuchungen entsprechende Defizite. Die konservative Behandlung der Adipositas aus Ernährungs-, Bewegung- und Verhaltenstherapie bildet die Basis der möglichen Therapiemaßnahmen. Bei Versagen der konservativen Behandlungsoptionen ergibt sich ab einem Body-Mass-Index (BMI) von über 40 kg/m2 die Indikation zur operativen Therapie, ab einem BMI von 50 kg/m2 besteht unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen die primäre Indikation zur Durchführung einer bariatrisch-chirurgischen Maßnahme. Zu den in Deutschland am häufigsten empfohlenen operativen Verfahren, die in der Regel laparoskopisch durchgeführt werden, gehören weiterhin die Implantation eines Magenbands, die Bildung eines Magenschlauchs (Gastric-sleeve-Resektion), die Anlage eines proximalen Roux-en-Y-Magenbypass oder eines Omega-loop-Magenbypass. Neben der angestrebten Reduktion des Übergewichtes durch ihre restriktiven wie malabsorptiven Wirkungen führen diese OP-Methoden in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß zu Veränderungen des Kalzium-Stoffwechsels u. a. mit Hypocalcämie, Vitamin-D-Defizit und Erhöhung des Serum-Parathormons, was in einem erhöhten Frakturrisiko, Veränderungen der Knochendichte und der Mikroarchitektur des Knochens münden kann. In der Nachsorge nach bariatrischen Operationen sind daher eine ausreichende Supplementierung verschiedener Vitamine, Mineralien und Spurenelemente, die regelmäßige Kontrolle der Laborparameter und der Knochendichte sowie ein angepasstes körperliches Training wichtig. Aus osteologischer Sicht kommt bei diagnostizierter Osteoporose insbesondere eine intravenöse antiresorptive Therapie in Betracht.
Anorexia nervosa und Knochen
Authors: Brabant Thomas 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Anorexia nervosa ist eine psychische Erkrankung noch unbekannter Ätiologie, die durch eine reduzierte Nahrungsaufnahme, deutliche Gewichtsabnahme sowie Angst vor Gewichtszunahme charakterisiert ist. Sie verursacht eine Vielzahl endokrinologischer Veränderungen, wobei das Ausmaß dieser Veränderungen mit dem Grad der Unterernährung zusammenhängt. In Anpassung an diesen Hungerzustand kommt es zu einer deutlichen Veränderung einer Vielzahl von Hormonen und Signalpeptiden, wobei endokrinologische Achsen mit Beteiligung von Hypothalamus, Hypophyse, Gonaden bzw Nebenniere ebenso betroffen sind wie IGF-1 und die Adipokine Leptin, Ghrelin und PPY. Eine wesentliche Komorbidität ist die Reduktion der Knochendichte bis zur Entwicklung einer Osteoporose und die mit ihr verbundene Entwicklung eines erhöhten Frakturrisikos. Dabei sind sowohl der trabeculäre wie auch der corticale Knochen betroffen. Die Wiederherstellung des Gewichts und die Wiederaufnahme der Menstruation haben den stärksten Einfluß auf die Knochenmineraldichte. Zu den weiteren Behandlungsmöglichkeiten gehören neben der grundsätzlichen Psychotherapie die transdermale Therapie mit Östrogen bzw. die subcutane Gabe von Teriparatid.
Vegetarische und vegane Ernährung – Vor- und Nachteile für die Knochen
Authors: Kasch Katharina , Schober Hans-Christof , Schröder Guido 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungAuf fleischfreie Kost und Nahrungsmittel ohne tierische Produkte wird von einer wachsenden Zahl von Bürgern und Bürgerinnen zurückgegriffen. Damit einher gehen Veränderungen des Eiweiß- und Knochenstoffwechsels bei Betroffenen. Aufgrund der vielfältigen Kostformen und häufig auch des veränderten Lebensstils sind Aussagen zu Risiken die Knochen betreffend problematisch. Oft werden den fleischfreien Nahrungsmitteln bestimmte Nährstoffe und Mineralien zugesetzt. Eine antioxidative Wirkung der vegetarischen Kost ist für den Stoffwechsel wahrscheinlich und günstig. Studien zu Frakturen zeigen zumindest in einer großen Studie eine erhöhte Zahl von Brüchen bei veganer Ernährung. Risiken entstehen durch ein geringeres Gewicht und eine verminderte Kalzium- und Eiweißaufnahme. Menschen, die sich vegan ernähren, werden Krafttraining sowie Eiweiß- und Kalzium-Supplementierung empfohlen. Eine abschließende Bewertung dieser Kost- und Lebensformen im Hinblick auf das Risiko, eine Osteoporose zu entwickeln, ist derzeit problematisch und sollte mit Zurückhaltung getroffen werden.
The Effect of Pediatric Physiotherapy on Positional Plagiocephaly: A
Retrospective Trial
Authors: Hohendahl Lara , Hohendahl Jörg , Lemhöfer Christina , Best Norman 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective Positional plagiocephaly represents one of the most common
asymmetries in infancy with increasing incidence in the last three decades.
Therapeutic options are numerous. Therefore the comparison of physiotherapeutic
approaches according to Bobath concept versus Vojta principle for correction of
positional plagiocephaly gives an inside view.
Material and Methods Cranial vault asymmetry index (CVAI) and ear shift at
a mean age of 3/6/9 months of 189 infants with positional
plagiocephaly were measured by three-dimensional scans. The effectiveness was
determined and compared based on CVAI and ear shift. The correlation of severity
was calculated.
Results The relative probability of success was 84% higher for
Vojta compared to Bobath. Mean change of CVAI revealed a significantly greater
reduction for infants treated with Vojta, as well as for ear shift. Improvement
occurred especially from age of 6–9 months. Treatment duration was
significantly shorter with Vojta and severe cases of positional plagiocephaly
benefited significantly more.
Conclusion Comparing the effectiveness of both physiotherapeutic treatment
concepts on a neurophysiological basis according to Bobath and Vojta the
presented retrospective data analysis provides statistically superior results in
reducing skull asymmetry more effectively and faster in favor to the Vojta
principle. Physiotherapy should be applied independent from severity and is
effective for children older than 5–6 months.
Inguinal Lymphadenopathy: A Rare Initial Site of Metastatic Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Mahato Abhishek , Gahlot Gaurav P.S. , Jha Deepak Kumar , Rajhans Rajhans 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSolid-organ tumors involving inguinal lymph nodes commonly originate from genitourinary tract, skin, ano-rectum, or the urinary bladder. Thus, solitary metastatic involvement of inguinal lymph nodes from extra-abdominal primary malignancies is extremely rare. However, involvement of nonregional lymph nodes upstages the disease to M1b with poor prognosis. Identification of the site of metastases is extremely crucial for deciding the management of patients.This is the first ever case reported of de-novo or synchronous oligometastatic disease of carcinoma lung with inguinal lymph node involvement. In addition, it highlights the importance of 18FDG PET-CT to diagnose the involvement of inguinal lymph node that was further proved on fine needle aspiration cytology. Only two such cases of lung cancer have been reported, but both of them had inguinal lymph node during the follow-up and none was present at initial presentation.
Judging sexy women in late medieval France
Authors: McDougall Sara 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBlindfolded Lady Justice with her scales rarely features in modern representations of medieval European justice. Instead, it is the female sexual sinner bound to the stake for burning who dominates modern imaginings. This reflects a widespread perception of medieval criminal justice as committed to the fierce judicial repression of women, and of women’s sexual activity in particular; an idea that persists in scholarly circles as well as in popular imagination despite a growing body of evidence to the contrary. Working primarily from the records of late medieval northern France, this article demonstrates that this idea is in fact a medievalism, a modern imagining about the Middle Ages. It attributes to medieval judicial authorities the disciplining and punishing of female bodies and female sexuality that instead emerged only with modern patriarchies. Heeding this difference allows us to recognise in Medieval Europe a patriarchal darkness of another kind: a world able to maintain stark gender and sexual inequity without any such use of judicial powers.
Fast silicon carbide MOSFET based high-voltage push–pull switch for charge state separation of highly charged ions with a Bradbury–Nielsen gate
Authors: Schweiger Christoph , Door Menno , Filianin Pavel , Herkenhoff Jost , Kromer Kathrin , Lange Daniel , Marschall Domenik , Rischka Alexander , Wagner Thomas , Eliseev Sergey , Blaum Klaus 
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we report on the development of a fast high-voltage switch, which is based on two enhancement mode N-channel silicon carbide metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors in push–pull configuration. The switch is capable of switching high voltages up to 600 V on capacitive loads with rise and fall times on the order of 10 ns and pulse widths ≥20 ns. Using this switch, it was demonstrated that, from the charge state distribution of bunches of highly charged ions ejected from an electron beam ion trap with a specific kinetic energy, single charge states can be separated by fast switching of the high voltage applied to a Bradbury–Nielsen Gate with a resolving power of about 100.
Effects of age composition of Pacific bluefin tuna on their spatiotemporal distribution of active breeding in the south-western North Pacific and on its recruitment strength
Authors: Ishihara Taiki , Shimose Tamaki , Uematsu Yuki 
Published: September 2022

Context The south-western North Pacific is one of the main spawning grounds of the Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis) and is targeted by Japanese longline fisheries. Aims This study evaluated the influence of age composition of spawning groups in this area on the strength of recruitment through the spatiotemporal distribution of active breeding. Methods The variation in the recent year-class strength in the area was estimated on the basis of the otolith age estimation and catch data from 2007 to 2016. Key results In the age–frequency distribution, 9 years was the most frequent age class. The instantaneous total mortality after 9 years of age was 0.32. Conclusions On the basis of catch locations and age estimation results, the bias toward young individuals influenced the spatiotemporal pattern of active breeding to shifts to higher latitudes and earlier breeding. In this area, the abundance of the main spawning group (9- and 10-year-old fish) may affect the recruitment of 0-year-old fish, and the older fish are considered to serve as a ‘seed bank’. Implications These results are expected to contribute to the development of appropriate management strategies for spawning stocks in the area and demonstrate the magnitude of the influence of age composition on population fluctuations.
L2 acquisition of the Chinese plural marker -men by English and Korean speakers
Authors: Su Jiajia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article investigates the L2 acquisition of the Chinese plural maker -men by English and Korean speakers within the framework of the Feature Reassembly Hypothesis (FRH) (Lardiere, 2009). The Chinese plural suffix -men, the Korean plural suffix -tul, and the English plural suffix -s share some properties and differ on others. Thirty-two English-speaking learners and thirty-five Korean-speaking learners of Chinese of advanced and intermediate proficiency were tested using a truth value judgment task and a grammaticality judgment task. Results show that: (i) all the L2 groups have acquired the target feature set of -men (i.e., [plural, specific, human]); (ii) the two English groups and the advanced Korean group but not the intermediate Korean group have acquired the conditions on the overt realization of -men (i.e., optionality with demonstratives and prohibition with classifiers). The results are consistent with the FRH: differences in how features are assembled in lexical items and differences in conditions on feature realization between the L1 and L2 lead to acquisition difficulty; such difficulty can be overcome, though native-like performance is not guaranteed.
Intertwiner entanglement excitation and holonomy operator
Authors: Chen Qian , Livine Etera R 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the loop quantum gravity framework, spin network states carry entanglement between quantum excitations of the geometry at different space points. This intertwiner entanglement is gauge-invariant and comes from quantum superposition of spins and intertwiners. Bipartite entanglement can be interpreted as a witness of distance, while multipartite entanglement reflects the curvature of the quantum geometry. The present work investigates how the bipartite and multipartite intertwiner entanglement changes under the action of the holonomy operator, which is the basic building block of loop quantum gravity’s dynamics. We reveal the relation between entanglement excitation and the dispersion of the holonomy operator. This leads to a new interesting connection between bulk geometry and boundary observables via the dynamics of entanglement.
Two-photon IR pumped UV–Vis transient absorption spectroscopy of Dirac fermions in the topological insulator Bi2Se3
Authors: Glinka Yuri D , He Tingchao , Sun Xiao Wei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
It is often taken for granted that in pump-probe experiments on the topological insulator (TI) Bi2Se3 using IR pumping with a commercial Ti:sapphire laser [∼800 nm (1.55 eV photon energy)], the electrons are excited in the one-photon absorption regime, even when pumped with absorbed fluences in the mJ cm−2 range. Here, using UV–Vis transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy, we show that even at low-power Infrared (IR) pumping with absorbed fluences in the μJ cm−2 range, the TA spectra of the TI Bi2Se3 extend across a part of the UV and the entire visible region. This observation suggests unambiguously that the two-photon pumping regime accompanies the usual one-photon pumping regime even at low laser powers applied. We attribute the high efficiency of two-photon pumping to the giant nonlinearity of Dirac fermions in the Dirac surface states (SS). On the contrary, one-photon pumping is associated with the excitation of bound valence electrons in the bulk into the conduction band. Two mechanisms of absorption bleaching were also revealed since they manifest themselves in different spectral regions of probing and cause the appearance of three different relaxation dynamics. These two mechanisms were attributed to the filling of the phase-space in the Dirac SS and bulk states, followed by the corresponding Pauli blocking.
Traceable calibration of a broadband seismometer down to 5 mHz
Authors: Shimoda Tomofumi , Kokuyama Wataru , Nozato Hideaki 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Broadband seismometers have been widely employed in geophysical observation and disaster prevention. To ensure the reliability of the measurement, traceable calibration of their sensitivities following ISO 16063-11 down to 8 mHz is required. However, the calibration accuracy generally degrades below 0.1 Hz due to tilt-coupling error. In this paper, two tilt-coupling correction methods are investigated: one is a dynamic tilt measurement method using an autocollimator, and the other is a comparison method using a reference accelerometer. These methods were introduced to the primary calibration system to calibrate a seismometer between 5 mHz and 200 Hz. As a result, the tilt-coupling error was corrected with an estimated uncertainty of less than 2% at 5 mHz, and the bandpass response of the seismometer sensitivity was confirmed with the traceable method.
Analysis of electromagnetic-thermal coupling braking properties of combined electromagnetic friction and shape memory alloy brake
Authors: Gong Hang , Xiong Yang , Huang Jin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To address the problems of severe heat generation and poor stability of traditional electromagnetic friction brakes, combined electromagnetic friction and shape memory alloy (SMA) braking method is proposed. This novel brake solves the traditional electric brake thermal decay problem based on the temperature sensing ability of SMA, which improves its working stability in a high-temperature environment. Based on Ampere’s law of magnetic field, the relationship between current and electromagnetic force was established, and the equation of electromagnetic force braking torque was derived. Based on the thermodynamic model of a SMA, the relationship between the frictional torque of SMA and parameters such as temperature, squeezing pressure, and structure size was established. The magnetic and thermal fields of this brake were analyzed by the finite element method to obtain the magnetic field distribution and the magnitude of electromagnetic force at different currents and to derive the temperature distribution of the brake at different currents. The brake was analyzed by the SMA squeezing pressure test platform and the braking performance test platform. The results show that the electromagnetic torque grows non-linearly with temperature, and the squeezing force generated by the SMA spring increases with temperature. When the current is 0.7 A, the braking torque generated by electromagnetism is 170.3 N m, while the maximum braking torque generated by the combination of electromagnetism and SMA is 212.6 N m, which is 20.4% higher than that of the traditional electromagnetic friction brake. This novel brake improves braking performance and ensures stable braking performance under temperature rise.