bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the ParaOesophageal hernia SympTom (POST) tool
Authors: Puri Aiysha , Patel Nikhil M , Sounderajah Viknesh , Ferri Lorenzo , Griffiths Ewen A , Low Donald , Maynard Nick , Mueller Carmen , Pera Manuel , van Berge Henegouwen Mark I , Watson David I , Zaninotto Giovanni , Hanna George B , Markar Sheraz R ,   the POST Collaborative, Aye R , Louie B , Baigrie R , Bonavina L , Darling G , Fisichella P M , Jaume-Bottcher S , Lipham J C , Melvin W S , Nason K , Oelschlager B , Puccetti F , Rosati R , Roth J S , Siersma P , Smithers B , Soper N , Thompson S 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to develop a symptom severity instrument (ParaOesophageal hernia SympTom (POST) tool) specific to para-oesophageal hernia (POH).

Methods
The POST tool was developed in four stages. The first was establishment of a Steering Committee. In the second stage, items were generated through a systematic review and online scoping survey of international experts. In the third stage, a three-round modified Delphi consensus process was conducted with a group of international experts who were asked to rate the importance of candidate items. An a priori threshold for inclusion was set at 80 per cent. The modified Delphi process culminated in a consensus meeting to develop the first iteration of the tool. In the final stage, two international patient workshops were held to assess the content validity and acceptability of the POST tool.

Results
The systematic review and scoping survey generated 64 symptoms, refined to 20 for inclusion in the modified Delphi consensus process. Twenty-six global experts participated in the Delphi consensus process. Five symptoms reached consensus across two rounds: difficulty getting solid foods down, chest pain after meals, difficulty getting liquids down, shortness of breath only after meals, and an early feeling of fullness after eating. The subsequent patient workshops deemed these five symptoms to be relevant and suggested that reflux should be included; these were taken forward to create the final POST tool.

Conclusion
The POST tool is the first instrument designed to capture POH-specific symptoms. It will allow clinicians to standardize reporting of symptoms of POH and evaluate the response to surgical intervention.
Unravelling the distinct biological functions and potential therapeutic applications of TIMP2 in cancer
Authors: Peeney David , Liu Yueqin , Lazaroff Carolyn , Gurung Sadeechya , Stetler-Stevenson William G 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are a conserved family of proteins that were originally identified as endogenous inhibitors of matrixin and adamalysin endopeptidase activity. The matrixins and adamalysins are the major mediators of extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover, thus making TIMPs important regulators of ECM structure and composition. Despite their high sequence identity and relative redundancy in inhibitory profiles, each TIMP possesses unique biological characteristics that are independent of their regulation of metalloproteinase activity. As our understanding of TIMP biology has evolved, distinct roles have been assigned to individual TIMPs in cancer progression. In this respect, data regarding TIMP2’s role in cancer have borne conflicting reports of both tumor suppressor and, to a lesser extent, tumor promoter functions. TIMP2 is the most abundant TIMP family member, prevalent in normal and diseased mammalian tissues as a constitutively expressed protein. Despite its apparent stable expression, recent work highlights how TIMP2 is a cell stress-induced gene product and that its biological activity can be dictated by extracellular posttranslational modifications. Hence an understanding of TIMP2 molecular targets, and how its biological functions evolve in the progressing tumor microenvironment may reveal new therapeutic opportunities. In this review, we discuss the continually evolving functions of TIMP proteins, future perspectives in TIMP research, and the therapeutic utility of this family, with a particular focus on TIMP2.
Intraspecific variability in thermal tolerance: a case study with coastal cutthroat trout
Authors: Anlauf-Dunn Kara , Kraskura Krista , Eliason Erika J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Fish physiological performance is directly regulated by their thermal environment. Intraspecific comparisons are essential to ascertain the vulnerability of fish populations to climate change and to identify which populations may be more susceptible to extirpation and which may be more resilient to continued warming. In this study, we sought to evaluate how thermal performance varies in coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki clarki) across four distinct watersheds in OR, USA. Specifically, we measured oxygen consumption rates in trout from the four watersheds with variable hydrologic and thermal regimes, comparing three ecologically relevant temperature treatments (ambient, annual maximum and novel warm). Coastal cutthroat trout displayed considerable intraspecific variability in physiological performance and thermal tolerance across the four watersheds. Thermal tolerance matched the historical experience: the coastal watersheds experiencing warmer ambient temperatures had higher critical thermal tolerance compared with the interior, cooler Willamette watersheds. Physiological performance varied across all four watersheds and there was evidence of a trade-off between high aerobic performance and broad thermal tolerance. Given the evidence of climate regime shifts across the globe, the uncertainty in both the rate and extent of warming and species responses in the near and long term, a more nuanced approach to the management and conservation of native fish species must be considered.
Oviposition by a Specialist Herbivore Increases Susceptibility of Canola to Herbivory by a Generalist Herbivore
Authors: Weeraddana Chaminda De Silva , Evenden Maya L 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOviposition by specialist herbivores can alter the suitability of the host plant to subsequent infestation by other herbivores. In this study, we tested the effect of previous oviposition on canola, Brassica napus L., by a Brassica specialist, the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), on subsequent herbivory by the generalist feeder, the bertha armyworm (BAW), Mamestra configurata Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The effect of DBM oviposition on subsequent BAW oviposition and larval feeding was tested in no-choice and choice experiments. Oviposition of BAW was not altered by DBM eggs on canola plants, however, BAW had increased larval feeding on plants with DBM eggs. These results suggest that oviposition by a specialist herbivore increased the susceptibility of the host plant to generalist herbivory. In a preliminary experiment, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and its conjugates were not altered by DBM oviposition on canola, however, further experimentation is needed to determine if oviposition affects expression of plant defense pathways and other plant traits.
Influence of atrial fibrillation type on outcomes of ablation vs. drug therapy: results from CABANA
Authors: Monahan Kristi H , Bunch T Jared , Mark Daniel B , Poole Jeanne E , Bahnson Tristram D , Al-Khalidi Hussein R , Silverstein Adam P , Daniels Melanie R , Lee Kerry L , Packer Douglas L ,   for the CABANA Investigators
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Aims
Influence of atrial fibrillation (AF) type on outcomes seen with catheter ablation vs. drug therapy is incompletely understood. This study assesses the impact of AF type on treatment outcomes in the Catheter Ablation vs. Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation Trial (CABANA).

Methods and results
CABANA randomized 2204 patients ≥65 years old or &lt;65 with at least one risk factor for stroke to catheter ablation or drug therapy. Of these, 946 (42.9%) had paroxysmal AF (PAF), 1042 (47.3%) had persistent AF (PersAF), and 215 (9.8%) had long-standing persistent AF (LSPAF) at baseline. The primary endpoint was a composite of death, disabling stroke, serious bleeding, or cardiac arrest. Symptoms were measured with the Mayo AF-Specific Symptom Inventory (MAFSI), and quality of life was measured with the Atrial Fibrillation Effect on Quality of Life (AFEQT). Comparisons are reported by intention to treat. Compared with drug therapy alone, catheter ablation produced a 19% relative risk reduction in the primary endpoint for PAF {adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.81 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.50, 1.30]}, and a 17% relative reduction for PersAF (aHR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.56, 1.22). For LSPAF, the ablation relative effect was a 7% reduction (aHR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.36, 2.44). Ablation was more effective than drug therapy at reducing first AF recurrence in all AF types: by 51% for PAF (aHR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.62), by 47% for PersAF (aHR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.43,0.65), and by 36% for LSPAF (aHR 0.64, 95% CI 0.41,1.00). Ablation was associated with greater improvement in symptoms, with the mean difference between groups in the MAFSI frequency score favouring ablation over 5 years of follow-up in all subgroups: PAF had a clinically significant −1.9-point difference (95% CI: −1.2 to −2.6); PersAF a −0.9 difference (95% CI: −0.2 to −1.6); LSPAF a clinically significant difference of −1.6 points (95% CI: −0.1 to −3.1). Ablation was also associated with greater improvement in quality of life in all subgroups, with the AFEQT overall score in PAF patients showing a clinically significant 5.3-point improvement (95% CI: 3.3 to 7.3) over drug therapy alone over 5 years of follow-up, PersAF a 1.7-point difference (95% CI: 0.0 to 3.7), and LSPAF a 3.1-point difference (95% CI: -1.6 to 7.8).

Conclusion
Prognostic treatment effects of catheter ablation compared with drug therapy on the primary and major secondary clinical endpoints did not differ consequentially by AF subtype. With regard to decreases in AF recurrence and improving quality of life, ablation was more effective than drug therapy in all three AF type subgroups.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier
NCT00911508
The GermAn Laser Lead Extraction RegistrY: GALLERY
Authors: Pecha Simon , Burger Heiko , Chung Da Un , Möller Viviane , Madej Tomas , Maali Alaa , Osswald Brigitte , De Simone Raffaele , Monsefi Nadeja , Ziaukas Virgilijus , Erler Stefan , Elfarra Hamdi , Perthel Mathias , Wehbe Mahmoud S , Ghaffari Naser , Sandhaus Tim , Busk Henning , Schmitto Jan D , Bärsch Volker , Easo Jerry , Albert Marc , Treede Hendrik , Nägele Herbert , Zenker Dieter , Hegazy Yasser , Ahmadi Donja , Gessler Nele , Ehrlich Wolfgang , Romano Gabriele , Knaut Michael , Reichenspurner Hermann , Willems Stephan , Butter Christian , Hakmi Samer 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Aims
The GermAn Laser Lead Extraction RegistrY: GALLERY is a retrospective, national multicentre registry, investigating the safety and efficacy of laser lead extraction procedures in Germany.

Methods and results
Twenty-four German centres that are performing laser lead extraction have participated in the registry. All patients, treated with a laser lead extraction procedure between January 2013 and March 2017, were consecutively enrolled. Safety and efficacy of laser lead extraction were investigated. A total number of 2524 consecutive patients with 6117 leads were included into the registry. 5499 leads with a median lead dwell time of 96 (62–141) months were treated. The mean number of treated leads per patient was 2.18 ± 1.02. The clinical procedural success rate was 97.86% and the complete lead removal was observed in 94.85%. Additional extraction tools were used in 6.65% of cases. The rate of procedural failure was 2.14% with lead age  ≥10 years being its only predictor. The overall complication rate was 4.32%, including 2.06% major and 2.26% minor complications. Procedure-related mortality was 0.55%. Female sex and the presence of abandoned leads were predictors for procedure-related complications. The all-cause in-hospital mortality was 3.56% with systemic infection being the strongest predictor, followed by age ≥75 years and chronic kidney disease.

Conclusion
In the GALLERY, a high success- and low procedure-related complication rates have been demonstrated. In multivariate analysis, female sex and the presence of abandoned leads were predictors for procedure-related complications, while the presence of systemic infection, age ≥75 years, and chronic kidney disease were independent predictors for all-cause mortality.
Effects of intensive blood pressure control on cardiovascular and cognitive outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation: insights from the SPRINT trial
Authors: Jiang Chao , Lai Yiwei , Du Xin , Wang Yufeng , Li Sitong , He Liu , Hu Rong , Lv Qiang , Wu Jiahui , Feng Li , Ning Man , Ruan Yanfei , Li Xu , Jia Changqi , Dai Wenli , Guo Xueyuan , Jiang Chenxi , Tang Ribo , Sang Caihua , Long Deyong , Arima Hisatomi , Dong Jianzeng , Anderson Craig S , Ma Changsheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Aims
Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) have an increased risk of cardiovascular events and dementia, even if anticoagulated. Hypertension is highly prevalent in AF population; however, the optimal blood pressure (BP) target for AF patients remains unknown.

Methods and results
We conducted subgroup analysis of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) to examine whether AF modified the treatment effects of intensive BP control on cardiovascular and cognitive outcomes using Cox proportional hazards regression and likelihood ratio tests. Among 9361 randomized participants, 778 (8.3%) had baseline AF, and 695 (89.3%) completed at least one follow-up cognitive assessment. Intensive BP control reduced the similar relative risk of cardiovascular events irrespective of the presence of AF, with all interaction P-values &gt; 0.05. Patients with AF experienced a greater absolute risk reduction in the composite primary cardiovascular outcome (12.3 vs. 5.6 events per 1000 person-years) with intensive treatment, compared with those without AF. However, intensive BP control increased the risk of probable dementia in patients with AF [hazard ratio (HR), 2.22; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03–4.80], while reducing the dementia risk in patients without AF (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.60–0.95; P = 0.009 for interaction). There were no significant interactions between the presence of AF and intensive BP treatment for mild cognitive impairment.

Conclusion
Patients with AF experienced greater absolute cardiovascular benefits with intensive BP treatment, but may need to be cautious of an increased risk of dementia. This post hoc analysis should be considered as hypothesis generating and merit further study.

Clinical Trial Registration
URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01206062.
When Harry Met Sally: Older Adult Spouses’ First Encounter Reminiscing and Well-Being
Authors: Mroz Emily L , Shah Maya , Lan Hanzhen , Duker Ajua , Sperduto Maria , Levy Becca R , Monin Joan K 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Interest in reminiscence activities for older adults has grown in recent years, but the benefits of co-reminiscence are not well-known. Drawing from a narrative identity framework, this study examined older adult spouses’ co-reminiscence about their first encounters. We hypothesized that perceived closeness and support increase when spouses co-reminisce and that greater perceptions of closeness and support after reminiscing relate to lower depressive symptoms and greater marital satisfaction in daily life.

Research Design and Methods
One hundred and one couples completed questionnaires measuring marital satisfaction and depressive symptoms at home and then participated in a laboratory session in which they co-reminisced about their first encounters. Self-reported perceived support and relationship closeness were obtained before and after reminiscence. t Tests and the Actor Partner Interdependence Model were used to examine hypotheses.

Results
As hypothesized, closeness and perceived support increased from pre- to postreminiscence for husbands and wives. In addition, one’s own relationship closeness after reminiscence was positively associated with own marital satisfaction (actor effect). One’s perceived support after reminiscence was positively related to spouse’s marital satisfaction and negatively associated with their spouse’s depressive symptoms (partner effects).

Discussion and Implications
Findings suggest that co-reminiscence about early relationship development can boost feelings of closeness and support for older adults. Benefiting from co-reminiscence in this way also appears to indicate broader relationship and individual well-being. Brief co-reminiscence activities may nurture late-life relational well-being.
Benchmarking missing-values approaches for predictive models on health databases
Authors: Perez-Lebel Alexandre , Varoquaux Gaël , Le Morvan Marine , Josse Julie , Poline Jean-Baptiste 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
As databases grow larger, it becomes harder to fully control their collection, and they frequently come with missing values. These large databases are well suited to train machine learning models, e.g., for forecasting or to extract biomarkers in biomedical settings. Such predictive approaches can use discriminative—rather than generative—modeling and thus open the door to new missing-values strategies. Yet existing empirical evaluations of strategies to handle missing values have focused on inferential statistics.

Results
Here we conduct a systematic benchmark of missing-values strategies in predictive models with a focus on large health databases: 4 electronic health record datasets, 1 population brain imaging database, 1 health survey, and 2 intensive care surveys. Using gradient-boosted trees, we compare native support for missing values with simple and state-of-the-art imputation prior to learning. We investigate prediction accuracy and computational time. For prediction after imputation, we find that adding an indicator to express which values have been imputed is important, suggesting that the data are missing not at random. Elaborate missing-values imputation can improve prediction compared to simple strategies but requires longer computational time on large data. Learning trees that model missing values—with missing incorporated attribute—leads to robust, fast, and well-performing predictive modeling.

Conclusions
Native support for missing values in supervised machine learning predicts better than state-of-the-art imputation with much less computational cost. When using imputation, it is important to add indicator columns expressing which values have been imputed.
Standardized genome-wide function prediction enables comparative functional genomics: a new application area for Gene Ontologies in plants
Authors: Fattel Leila , Psaroudakis Dennis , Yanarella Colleen F , Chiteri Kevin O , Dostalik Haley A , Joshi Parnal , Starr Dollye C , Vu Ha , Wimalanathan Kokulapalan , Lawrence-Dill Carolyn J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Genome-wide gene function annotations are useful for hypothesis generation and for prioritizing candidate genes potentially responsible for phenotypes of interest. We functionally annotated the genes of 18 crop plant genomes across 14 species using the GOMAP pipeline.

Results
By comparison to existing GO annotation datasets, GOMAP-generated datasets cover more genes, contain more GO terms, and are similar in quality (based on precision and recall metrics using existing gold standards as the basis for comparison). From there, we sought to determine whether the datasets across multiple species could be used together to carry out comparative functional genomics analyses in plants. To test the idea and as a proof of concept, we created dendrograms of functional relatedness based on terms assigned for all 18 genomes. These dendrograms were compared to well-established species-level evolutionary phylogenies to determine whether trees derived were in agreement with known evolutionary relationships, which they largely are. Where discrepancies were observed, we determined branch support based on jackknifing then removed individual annotation sets by genome to identify the annotation sets causing unexpected relationships.

Conclusions
GOMAP-derived functional annotations used together across multiple species generally retain sufficient biological signal to recover known phylogenetic relationships based on genome-wide functional similarities, indicating that comparative functional genomics across species based on GO data holds promise for generating novel hypotheses about comparative gene function and traits.
Full-waveform inversion by informed-proposal Monte Carlo
Authors: Khoshkholgh Sarouyeh , Zunino Andrea , Mosegaard Klaus 
Published: April 2022

SUMMARY
Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling of solutions to large-scale inverse problems is, by many, regarded as being unfeasible due to the large number of model parameters. This statement, however, is only true if arbitrary, local proposal distributions are used. If we instead use a global proposal, informed by the physics of the problem, we may dramatically improve the performance of MCMC and even solve highly nonlinear inverse problems with vast model spaces. We illustrate this by a seismic full-waveform inverse problem in the acoustic approximation, involving close to 106 parameters. The improved performance is mainly seen as a dramatic shortening of the burn-in time (the time used to reach at least local equilibrium), but also the algorithm’s ability to explore high-probability regions (through more accepted perturbations) is potentially better. The sampling distribution of the algorithm asymptotically converges to the posterior probability distribution, but as with all other inverse methods used to solve highly nonlinear inverse problems we have no guarantee that we have seen all high-probability solutions in a finite number of iterations. On the other hand, with the proposed method it is possible to sample more high-probability solutions in a shorter time, without sacrificing asymptotic convergence. This may be a practical advantage for problems with many parameters and computer-intensive forward calculations.