bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercising operational agility in virtual training sessions
Authors: Chia Stuart , Ligori Simone , Wu Angelyn 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs businesses adapt during the recovery phase of COVID‐19, there has been a major reset in the way work activities are prepared, conducted, and delivered. In this challenging environment, it may not be prudent or possible to have face‐to‐face workshops involving key personnel. This certainly applies to the conduct of hazard management training, where personnel would typically learn, apply, and reinforce the required learning competencies in a collegiate environment. It has become evident that facilitators have had to alter the way they organize and deliver content in a virtual environment to ensure that there is no adverse change in quality. The challenge is to maintain engagement and foster a nurturing environment to promote learning and communication among the learners as well as between the learners and facilitator(s). This paper relays the good and bad experiences from Sherpa's delivery of hazard management virtual training to operating facilities located nationally and overseas. Sherpa identified eight key steps in the plan and prepare phase of developing a training session that can be used to equip facilitators with operational agility. Sherpa then developed solutions to overcome the challenges of a virtual environment and ensure that key learning outcomes are successfully delivered.
Utilization of risk assessment tools in management of PAH: A PAH provider survey
Authors: Sahay Sandeep , Balasubramanian Vijay , Memon Humna , Poms Abby , Bossone Eduardo , Highland Kristine , Kay Dana , Levine Deborah J , Mullin Christopher J , Melendres‐Groves Lana , Mathai Stephen C , Soto Francisco J , Shlobin Oksana , Elwing Jean M 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronically progressive fatal disease. A goal‐oriented approach to achieve low risk status has been associated with improved survival. A variety of risk stratification tools are available, but use is low. We conducted a survey to assess potential reasons for under‐utilization. We conducted a survey‐based study of global PAH disease specialists with a goal of assessing risk assessment utilization and identifying modifiable barriers to use. The survey was designed by the American College of Chest Physicians’ Pulmonary Vascular Diseases (PVD) NetWork. Respondents were global members of the PVD NetWork and Pulmonary Hypertension Association. Survey invitations were sent electronically to all members. Participation was anonymous and no provider or patient level data was collected. Participants from four countries responded with the majority (84%) being from the United States. Our survey found suboptimal use of any risk stratification tool with 71/112 (63%) reporting use. A total of 85% of the respondents had more than 5 years of experience in managing PAH. REVEAL 2.0 and European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society risk tools were the most commonly used. A total of 44 (65%) surveyed felt that use of risk tools led to change in PAH therapies. Only 6 (9%) felt they prompted additional testing or changed the frequency of follow‐up. A total of 5 (7%) reported they prompted goals of care/palliative care discussions and 2 (3%) that they triggered lung transplant referral. The vast majority indicated that incorporation of risk tools into electronic medical records (EMR) would improve utilization. PAH risk assessment tools remain under‐utilized. Most respondents were experienced PAH clinicians. More than one‐third were not routinely using risk tools. Most felt that risk tools led to PAH therapy changes but few reported impacts on other aspects of care. The most commonly identified barriers to use were time constraints and lack of integration with EMR.
Severe infectious acute respiratory failure mimicking COVID‐19 in a healthy adolescent
Authors: Hashimoto Kohei , Kawaguchi Takako , Yamasaki Kei , Ikegami Hiroaki , Kawanami Toshinori , Yatera Kazuhiro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA 15‐year‐old male presented with headache, high fever and respiratory distress. Chest computed tomography showed bilateral pneumonia, and antimicrobial therapy was initiated. However, his respiratory condition deteriorated, and he developed respiratory failure requiring intubation. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test and 16S ribosomal RNA gene analysis were done from his intratracheal secretions to determine the causative pathogens, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae was detected. He was treated with appropriate antimicrobial therapy, systemic corticosteroid therapy and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. He also presented with pulmonary thromboembolism and was treated with anticoagulants, to which he responded well. This patient demonstrates the similarities between severe M. pneumoniae pneumonia with bilateral pneumonitis and thrombosis, and severe coronavirus disease 2019. Therefore, it is important to identify cases of bilateral pneumonia with severe respiratory dysfunction using multiplex PCR tests to provide appropriate medical management and therapeutic interventions.
Leveraging portfolios in professional development for middle school science teachers' assessment and data‐use practice
Authors: Kloser Matthew , Borko Hilda , Wilsey Matthew , Rafanelli Stephanie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUsing evidence of student thinking and performance is crucial to enacting ambitious science teaching because intimate, formative data can be responsive to student ideas about science. However, narratives and policies about assessment and data use do not always position teachers to draw on the breadth and variety of evidence from the classroom to make instructional decisions that foster sensemaking. Thus, understanding whether, when, and how teachers view and use assessment and other forms of student data is critical to understanding classroom interactions and learning. This study explores teachers' baseline assessment conceptions and practices as well as their changes with relation to assessment and data use across a year‐long intervention using a portfolio of classroom assessment artifacts. Middle school science teachers participated in professional development in which they reflected on assessment artifacts in light of nine dimensions of effective science assessment and data‐use practice. Drawing on interviews, as well as baseline and outcome portfolios from the classroom, we noticed that initial conceptions of practice focused on the variety and frequency of assessment. Nine months later, participants' practice showed growth in several dimensions, but differentially among teachers based on their baseline proficiency. Teachers were more likely to show growth in dimensions related to feedback and data use if they had initially showed proficiency in articulating clear learning goals and had previously aligned their assessments to the stated goals. These findings suggest a possible developmental trajectory for improving teachers' assessment and data use practice.
Fe3O4@Au@Cu2−xS Heterostructures Designed for Tri‐Modal Therapy: Photo‐ Magnetic Hyperthermia and 64Cu Radio‐Insertion
Authors: Fiorito Sergio , Soni Nisarg , Silvestri Niccolo' , Brescia Rosaria , Gavilán Helena , Conteh John S. , Mai Binh T. , Pellegrino Teresa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHere, the synthesis and proof of exploitation of three‐material inorganic heterostructures made of iron oxide‐gold‐copper sulfide (Fe3O4@Au@Cu2−xS) are reported. Starting with Fe3O4‐Au dumbbell heterostructure as seeds, a third Cu2−xS domain is selectively grown on the Au domain. The as‐synthesized trimers are transferred to water by a two‐step ligand exchange procedure exploiting thiol‐polyethylene glycol to coordinate Au and Cu2−xS surfaces and polycatechol–polyethylene glycol to bind the Fe3O4 surface. The saline stable trimers possess multi‐functional properties: the Fe3O4 domain, of appropriate size and crystallinity, guarantees optimal heating losses in magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) under magnetic field conditions of clinical use. These trimers have indeed record values of specific adsorption rate among the inorganic‐heterostructures so far reported. The presence of Au and Cu2−xS domains ensures a large adsorption which falls in the first near‐infrared (NIR) biological window and is here exploited, under laser excitation at 808 nm, to produce photo‐thermal heat alone or in combination with MHT obtained from the Fe3O4 domain. Finally, an intercalation protocol with radioactive 64Cu ions is developed on the Cu2−xS domain, reaching high radiochemical yield and specific activity making the Fe3O4@Au@Cu2−xS trimers suitable as carriers for 64Cu in internal radiotherapy (iRT) and traceable by positron emission tomography (PET).
Toilet paper and food waste in UASB reactors: A contribution to reducing the amount of conventional solid waste disposal
Authors: Gomes Devson P. P. , Figueiras Manuella L. , Machado Simone , Fernandes Bruna , Gavazza Sávia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe release of toilet paper (TP) and food waste (FW) in domestic sewage is a common practice in developed countries. Nevertheless, this practice has started to be used in developing countries where anaerobic digestion is applied. Therefore, this work aimed at evaluating the influence of the presence of TP and FW on the anaerobic digestion process in UASB reactors. During the experiment, two UASB reactors (8L) were fed with synthetic domestic sewage with the addition of toilet paper (TPR) and food waste (FWR) residues, respectively. In the first stage of the experiment (S‐I), the reactors operated with an organic load of 0.97 kg COD.m–3.d–1 (TPR) and 0.96 kgCOD.m–3.d–1 (FWR) and, in the second stage (S‐II), the quantities were increased to 1.58 kgCOD.m–3.d–1 (TPR) and 1.35 kgCOD.m–3.d–1 (FWR). In the experimental period of 110 days, the parameters total and filtered COD, series of solids, pH, alkalinity, and VFA were monitored. The mean removal of total COD was of 79±1% (S‐I) and 75±1% (S‐II) for TPR, and of 81±2% (S‐I) and 76±1% (S‐II) for FWR. Regarding VSS, the mean removal was of 94 ± 2% (S‐I) and 97 ± 1% (S‐II) for TPR, and of 95 ± 3% (S‐I) and 96 ± 1% (S‐II) for FWR. The VFA/TA ratio increased from S‐I (0.03 for TPR and FWR) to S‐II (0.17 to TPR and 0.10 to FWR), responding to the organic load increases, but still in the range of process stability. The added toilet paper or food waste were efficiently removed in both stages, reaching removals higher than 75%. In general, both reactors presented a good performance for the anaerobic process even under changes in organic load and influent composition. This experiment showed the feasibility of the combined treatment of TP or FW with domestic sewage in UASB reactors.
Structure–function relationship of long noncoding RNAs: Advances and challenges
Authors: Longkumer Imliyangla , Mishra Seema 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an emerging and a promising class of RNAs, and the lncRNA field is an intense research area. Once trashed as the junk regions of the genome, lncRNAs have now proved to be one of the crucial elements of a functional genome. These comprise a major chunk of the transcriptome, and similar to proteins, the sequence–structure–function paradigm holds true for lncRNAs as well. While some of the earliest lncRNAs like Xist and H19 have been well‐characterized, many of the emerging lncRNAs remain in oblivion. The low sequence conservation of lncRNAs has prompted researchers to decipher its conserved structure in order to gain an insight into the functional mechanisms. Here, we explore the concept of the sequence–structure–function relationship of lncRNAs, and the biophysical and biochemical laws governing a lncRNA structure which are just beginning to be understood. Proceeding from specific structures, much of the functions of lncRNAs revolve around their regulatory roles, through myriad modes of action. Throughout this review, we discuss the powerful computational as well as some experimental approaches that are applied in a synergistic fashion and highlight promising studies that have proved crucial towards an understanding of lncRNA structure and functional mechanisms. We also discuss at length, the existing challenges and the possible strategies to circumvent it. Given the unknown realm, the patterns and insights generated from these studies will be extremely useful in deciphering the way nature selects and uses a specific lncRNA to regulate a specific gene or gene sets in health and disease.This article is categorized under:
Structure and Mechanism > Computational Biochemistry and Biophysics
Molecular and Statistical Mechanics > Free Energy Methods
Structure and Mechanism > Molecular Structures
Reciprocity Within Migrant Networks: The Role of Social Support for Employment
Authors: Bilecen Başak 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis chapter investigates the ways in which migrants’ perceive and mobilize their social relationships to enter into the labor market. Previous literature has ample evidence on the importance of social ties for migrants to find a job usually studying the received job information while underlining ethnicity of ties as if it is the only aspect that matters in the labor market. Going beyond those debates, this chapter argues that not only receiving information on jobs, but also being embedded in a supportive network in other realms such as care is equally significant in explaining the labor market positions of international migrants and their descendants. To this end, based on a qualitative personal network analysis with international migrants and migrant descendants from Turkey living in Germany, this chapter illustrates how such supportive resources are being exchanged in networks as well as their meanings for migrants’ labor market (non-)participation. After all, studying those migrants who found paid employment via their social ties is only one part of the explanation overlooking other factors such as support they receive or (expected to) give.
Form und Formular. Über eine Differenz der Formularisierung lyrischer Texte am Beispiel der Instapoetry
Authors: Penke Niels 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungForm ist für Produktion wie Rezeption gleichermaßen konstitutiv. Bekannte Formen erleichtern die Kommunikation, weil sie Ordnung schaffen und dadurch Anschlüsse ermöglichen. Sie erhöhen die Wahrscheinlichkeit, verstanden zu werden. Die konventionalisierte Form gibt sich bereits im Voraus zu erkennen. Vor diesem Hintergrund beschreibt der Beitrag eine Differenz der Formularisierung lyrischer Texte. Gegenüber den in der literarischen Form begründeten Formularen des Sonetts und anderer strenger Gedichtformen, sind die Texte der Instapoetry von medialen Formularen abhängig, die stark auf die sprachliche Gestaltung und ihre Rezeption einwirken.
Umstrittene Formulare. Der Reisepass in der internationalen Debatte der 1920er Jahre
Authors: Becker Peter 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Reisepass in seiner heutigen Form entstand in den 1920er Jahren in einem Aushandelungsprozess, der vom Völkerbund moderiert wurde. Am Ende standen ein standardisiertes Formular und einheitliche Grundregeln für die Ausstellung und Kontrolle von Reiselegitimationen. Dieser Standard legte Aussehen, aber auch die Materialität des Einheitspasses fest: das Format, die Anzahl der Blätter, die Verbindung zwischen den Blättern, Verwendung von perforiertem Papier zum Verhindern von Fälschungen. Der Einheitspass ist ein besonderes Formular, weil er eine medientechnische Lösung für Verwaltungs - und Kommunikationsprobleme von Staaten mit unterschiedlicher Rechts- und Verwaltungskultur bieten sollte. Die Gestaltung des Formulars war deshalb heftig umstritten. Das Fehlen von ausreichendem Raum für die Eintragung eines Namens oder Berufs konnte staatliche Interessen ebenso gefährden, wie die Gewährung von Zugang zum Territorium für politisch unliebsame Personen.
Flavored ABJM theory on the sphere and holographic F-functions
Authors: Jokela Niko , Kastikainen Jani , Kiritsis Elias , Nitti Francesco 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We study strongly coupled ABJM theory on the 3-sphere with massive quenched flavor using the AdS/CFT correspondence. The holographic dual consists of type IIA supergravity with probe D6-branes. The flavor mass is a relevant deformation driving an RG flow whose IR endpoint is pure ABJM theory. At non-zero mass, we find that the theory on the 3-sphere exhibits a quantum phase transition at a critical value of the sphere radius. The transition corresponds to a topology change in the D6-brane embeddings whose dual interpretation is the meson-melting transition. We perform the holographic computation of the free energy on 3-sphere and we use it to construct various candidate F-functions. These were recently proposed in the context of Einstein-scalar gravity to interpolate monotonically between the values of the sphere free energies of the UV and IR CFTs. We find that while the F-functions of the flavored ABJM theory have the correct UV and IR limits, they are not monotonic. We surmise that the non-monotonicity is related to the presence of the phase transition.
Bootstrapping closed hyperbolic surfaces
Authors: Bonifacio James 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The eigenvalues of the Laplace-Beltrami operator and the integrals of products of eigenfunctions and holomorphic s-differentials satisfy certain consistency conditions on closed hyperbolic surfaces. These consistency conditions can be derived by using spectral decompositions to write quadruple overlap integrals in terms of triple overlap integrals in different ways. We show how to efficiently construct these consistency conditions and use them to derive upper bounds on eigenvalues, following the approach of the conformal bootstrap. As an example of such a bootstrap bound, we find a numerical upper bound on the spectral gap of closed orientable hyperbolic surfaces that is nearly saturated by the Bolza surface.
On the Ultraviolet Limit of the Pauli–Fierz Hamiltonian in the Lieb–Loss Model
Authors: Bach Volker , Hach Alexander 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTwo decades ago, Lieb and Loss (Self-energy of electrons in non-perturbative QED. PreprintarXiv:math-ph/9908020and mp-arc #99–305, 1999) approximated the ground state energy of a free, nonrelativistic electron coupled to the quantized radiation field by the infimum$$E_{\alpha , \Lambda }$$Eα,Λof all expectation values$$\langle \phi _{el} \otimes \psi _{ph} | H_{\alpha , \Lambda } (\phi _{el} \otimes \psi _{ph}) \rangle $$⟨ϕel⊗ψph|Hα,Λ(ϕel⊗ψph)⟩, where$$H_{\alpha , \Lambda }$$Hα,Λis the corresponding Hamiltonian with fine structure constant$$\alpha >0$$α>0and ultraviolet cutoff$$\Lambda < \infty $$Λ<∞, and$$\phi _{el}$$ϕeland$$\psi _{ph}$$ψphare normalized electron and photon wave functions, respectively. Lieb and Loss showed that$$c \alpha ^{1/2} \Lambda ^{3/2} \le E_{\alpha , \Lambda } \le c^{-1} \alpha ^{2/7} \Lambda ^{12/7}$$cα1/2Λ3/2≤Eα,Λ≤c-1α2/7Λ12/7for some constant$$c >0$$c>0. In the present paper, we prove the existence of a constant$$C < \infty $$C<∞, such that$$\begin{aligned} \bigg | \frac{E_{\alpha , \Lambda }}{F_1 \, \alpha ^{2/7} \, \Lambda ^{12/7}} - 1 \bigg | \ \le \ C \, \alpha ^{4/105} \, \Lambda ^{-4/105} \end{aligned}$$|Eα,ΛF1α2/7Λ12/7-1|≤Cα4/105Λ-4/105holds true, where$$F_1 >0$$F1>0is an explicit universal number. This result shows that Lieb and Loss’ upper bound is actually sharp and gives the asymptotics of$$E_{\alpha , \Lambda }$$Eα,Λuniformly in the limit$$\alpha \rightarrow 0$$α→0and in the ultraviolet limit$$\Lambda \rightarrow \infty $$Λ→∞.
Wundbehandlung ohne kurative Zielsetzung: Ein Positionspapier der Initiative Chronische Wunden (ICW) e. V.
Authors: Dissemond Joachim , Protz Kerstin , Erfurt-Berge Cornelia , Kröger Knut , Kottner Jan 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungPatienten mit chronischen Wunden werden heute in vielen unterschiedlichen Bereichen der Medizin behandelt. Trotz dieser großen interdisziplinären und interprofessionellen Bedeutung, fehlt es weiterhin an einheitlich akzeptierten Definitionen und Einteilungen. Eine Expertengruppe der Fachgesellschaft Initiative Chronische Wunden (ICW) e. V. hat daher auf der Basis international publizierter Literatur eine Einteilung chronischer Wunden in heilende, schwer heilende und nicht heilbare Wunden vorgenommen. Hieraus ergeben sich für den klinischen Alltag sehr wichtigen übergeordneten Ziele einer kurativen, bedingt bzw. nicht kurativen oder palliativen Wundversorgung. Es wird somit deutlich, dass der vollständige Wundverschluss nicht immer das zentral wichtige Ziel der Wundbehandlung ist. Bei vielen Patienten mit chronischen Wunden stehen daher andere Aspekte wie beispielsweise die bestmögliche Lebensqualität und die Förderung des gesundheitsbezogenen Selbstmanagements sowie die Vermeidung von Komplikationen im Vordergrund der Behandlungskonzepte. Diese Therapieziele sollten möglichst frühzeitig gemeinsam mit den Patienten differenziert und individuell festgelegt werden.
Projection micro-stereolithography versus master–slave approach to manufacture a micro-optofluidic device for slug flow detection
Authors: Saitta Lorena , Celano Giovanni , Cicala Gianluca , Fragalà Maria Elena , Stella Giovanna , Barcellona Matteo , Tosto Claudio , Bucolo Maide 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this work, the use of projection micro-stereolithography (PμSL) to 3D print a micro-optofluidic device for slug flow detection is presented. For comparison purposes, a poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS)–based device was also manufactured by a novel master–slave 3D printing approach. The micro-optofluidic device has a microfluidic T-junction with a micro-optical section that consists of two optical fiber insertions used for slug flow detection. The design of the device also includes two micro-channels for the optical fiber’s insertion, needed to acquire a light signal, which give a direct information about the microfluidic channel inner flow by exploiting the absorption phenomenon. The working principle in the detection is based on a different light transmission correlated to the fluid interfering with the laser beam in a micro-channel section. The two materials used for the two manufacturing approaches were fully characterized in terms of their surface properties via both Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and angle of contact measure.The process within the two micro-channels was monitored optically and a signal correlated to the slug passage was analyzed for the flow tracking. A wide experimental campaign was done for the device manufactured through the PμSL technique in different operative conditions. Thus, the optimal one was identified through the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Then, a detailed comparison between the slug process detected inside the HTL resin device and the PDMS device was carried out to evaluate the pros and cons of using different materials and fabrication techniques. The analysis run on the two devices revealed that the HTL resin device can be used for slug flow detection, but future research is still needed to obtain a resin allowing to outperform the PDMS device.