bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Vancomycin in Jordanian Patients.
Development of Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Model and Validation
of Class II Drugs of Salivary Excretion Classiﬁcation System
(SECS)
Authors: Arabyat Majd , Abdul-Sattar Ahmad , Al-Fararjah Feras , Al-Ghazawi Ahmad , Rabayah Ayman , Al-Hasassnah Rakan , Mohmmad Walid , Al-Adham Ibrahim , Hamadi Salim , Idkaidek Nasir 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVancomycin is a commonly used antibiotic for multi-drug resistant gram-positive
infections treatment, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA). Despite that, it has wide individual pharmacokinetic variability and
nephrotoxic effect. Vancomycin trough concentrations for 57 Jordanian patients
were measured in plasma and saliva through immunoassay and liquid
chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), respectively. Plasma levels
were within accepted normal range, with exception of 6 patients who showed
trough levels of more than 20 μg/ml and vancomycin was
discontinued. Bayesian dose-optimizing software was used for patient-specific
pharmacokinetics prediction and AUC/MIC calculation. Physiological-based
pharmacokinetic (PBPK) vancomycin model was built and validated through
GastroPlus™ 9.8 using in-house plasma data. A weak correlation
coefficient of 0.2478 (P=0.1049) was found between plasma and saliva
concentrations. The suggested normal saliva trough range of vancomycin is
0.01906 to 0.028589 (μg/ml). Analysis of variance showed
significant statistical effects of creatinine clearance and albumin
concentration on dose-normalized Cmin plasma and saliva levels respectively,
which is in agreement with PBPKmodeling. It can be concluded that saliva is not
a suitable matrix for TDM of vancomycin. Trough levels in plasma matrix should
always be monitored for the safety of patients.
Bariatric Arterial Embolization: Current Status
Authors: Khalil Adham , Weiss Clifford R. , Gunn Andrew J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObesity is a well-known major public health concern that causes significant morbidity and mortality with severe effects on the healthcare system and its financial status. Classic treatment options for obesity include lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery. However, there is a treatment gap for patients in whom lifestyle modifications were not sufficient or satisfactory, and yet bariatric surgery is not a suitable option. Bariatric artery embolization (BAE) is a novel, minimally invasive, image-guided endovascular procedure that induces weight loss by reducing the production of appetite-mediating hormones following transarterial embolization of the gastric fundus. Recent evidence has shown that BAE is safe and effective in inducing clinically significant weight. This article will review the existing preclinical and clinical evidence on BAE, and discuss the future directions for this procedure.
Design of a low-noise low-voltage amplifier for improved neural signal recording
Authors: Sharma Kulbhushan , Tripathi Rahul Kumar , Jatana H. S. , Sharma Rajnish 
Published: June 2022

Design of amplifier circuits with low-noise operable at low-power to be used, especially for implantable neural interfaces, remains a huge challenge. This research paper presents the design of a low-noise low-voltage neural recording amplifier suitable for amplifying local field potentials and extracellular action potentials so as to meet the end requirement of an implantable neuro-medical system. Critical performance parameters of the smaller circuit blocks of the complete neural amplifier architecture have been found with the help of detailed mathematical analysis and then verified by the simulations conducted using 0.18 µm 4M1P foundry Semi-conductor Laboratory N-well process. The neural amplifier design proposed in this paper passes neural signal of interest with a mid-band gain of 49.9 dB over a bandwidth of 5.3 Hz–8.6 kHz, draws only 11.5 µW of power from ±0.9 V supply voltage, and exhibits an input-referred noise of 2.6 µVrms with a noise efficiency factor of 2.27. The area consumed by the proposed neural amplifier architecture is 0.192 mm2. The complete circuit design carried out in this paper should prove to be useful in equipment for the diagnosis of neurological disorders.
Quantum correlation between a qubit and a relativistic boson in an expanding spacetime
Authors: Wu Shu-Min , Zeng Hao-Sheng , Liu Tonghua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We use the quantum correlation of both logarithmic negativity and mutual information between a qubit and a relativistic boson to analyze the dynamics of Universe expansion. These dynamical quantum correlations can encode the information about underlying spacetime structure, which suggests a promising application in observational cosmology. We find that the dynamics of both logarithmic negativity and mutual information between the qubit and the boson are very similar. They decrease monotonically with the growth of the expansion volume and the expansion rate. Smaller momentum and medium-sized mass of boson are more favourable for extracting the information about history of Universe expansion. The quantum correlation between the qubit and the antiboson however has very different behavior: the logarithmic negativity is always zero and the mutual information can be generated through the expansion of Universe. Smaller momentum and medium-sized mass of antiboson are beneficial for the production of mutual information. Finally, the trigger phenomenon and conservation for mutual information are witnessed.
Some integral geometry problems for wave equations
Authors: Wang Yiran 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We consider the Cauchy problem and the source problem for normally hyperbolic operators on the Minkowski spacetime, and study the determination of solutions from their integrals along light-like geodesics. For the Cauchy problem, we give a new proof of the stable determination result obtained by Vasy and Wang (2021 Commun. Math. Phys.
384 503–32). For the source problem, we obtain stable determination for sources with space-like singularities. Our proof is based on the microlocal analysis of the normal operator of the light ray transform composed with the parametrix for strictly hyperbolic operators.
Self-calibration of micro-components based on manipulator guidance
Authors: Yan Hu , Qin Zhang , Ciwen Ma , Zhiming Ou 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Automatic alignment of micro-component position and posture is an important part of micro-assembly. A self-calibration method of micro-components based on a droplet manipulator is proposed. The shape of the operating surface of the droplet manipulator is changed according to the shape of the micro-component and a droplet of the corresponding shape is formed; the position and posture of the operating surface of the droplet manipulator is used as a guide to drive the rapid alignment through the recovery force of the liquid bridge to achieve self-calibration of the micro-component. The self-calibration principle and process are analyzed using rectangular and triangular micro-components as examples, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated experimentally. The research and experimental results show that the self-calibration can be achieved by changing the shape parameters of the operating surface of manipulator and controlling the corresponding droplet form; the self-calibration of position and posture of micro-components with different shapes and sizes can be achieved by matching the operating surface shape of the droplet manipulator and the micro-components; the automatic calibration success rate is 100% under the condition that the contact surface of the micro-component is completely wetted.
Geometrical aberration measurement by experimental ray-tracing based on fiber point diffraction interferometry
Authors: Chen Weixiong , Chen Lingfeng , Zhang Xusheng , Zhang Qinchao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The geometrical aberration of an optical system is usually measured through wavefront aberration. We propose a very direct experimental ray-tracing measurement method in this paper. Two fiber point-light-sources are used to simulate an arbitrary incident ray in space, the diffracting wavefronts of the two fibers pass through the lens under test and interfere on two photographic planes. The outgoing ray intersects the photographic planes at the extrema of their phase maps, thus can be traced by connecting the two intersections. We measure four kinds of geometrical aberrations of the lens and compare them with Zemax simulation results. This method provides a new solution for the geometrical aberration measurement of an optical system.
Electrochemical deposition of n-type semiconducting nickel hydroxide thin films
Authors: Abe Koji , Shimura Masahide 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) is a wide bandgap semiconductor with a bandgap energy of 3–3.5 eV, but the use of Ni(OH)2 as a semiconductor is still limited. In this study, Ni(OH)2 thin films were synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates by electrochemical deposition and subsequent annealing in water vapor at 180 °C. The as-deposited Ni(OH)2 films were amorphous α-Ni(OH)2 intercalated with water and nitrate molecules. Nanocrystallites of β-Ni(OH)2 were formed in the films during annealing in water vapor at 180 °C. The content of β-Ni(OH)2 nanocrystallites increased with increasing annealing time. The as-deposited and annealed Ni(OH)2 films exhibited an n-type photo response in photoelectrochemical measurements. The resistivity of the annealed films was about 1 × 104 Ωcm. This resistivity value was one order of magnitude lower than that of the as-deposited film. The Ni(OH)2/NiO/ITO heterostructure was fabricated by depositing Ni(OH)2 on nickel oxide. The n-Ni(OH)2/p-NiO/ITO heterostructure diode exhibited clear rectification behavior.
A procedural solution for determining the temperature dependence of transport critical current in Nb3Sn superconducting wires using magnetization measurements
Authors: Pong Ian , Ekin Jack , Baumgartner Thomas , Bordini Bernardo , Cheggour Najib 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Using magnetization techniques to determine the temperature dependence of critical current in Nb3Sn wires is attractive because of the relative ease compared with using variable-temperature transport measurements. However, there is a known mismatch in the temperature scaling characterizations when using magnetization data compared to transport data. From a practical standpoint, it is the transport properties that matter, as performance prediction, margin calculations, and other aspects of magnet designs rely on the knowledge of the amount of transport current the superconductor can carry in a magnetic field. In this paper, we will identify the underlying issues and propose a procedural solution for determining the temperature dependence of transport critical current in Nb3Sn superconducting wires using magnetization measurements. By using one standard transport measurement at 4.2 K as an ‘anchor’, with this procedural solution it becomes possible to combine the simplicity and economy of quick magnetization measurements at different temperatures with the accurate prediction of transport properties in extrapolated temperature ranges. This study is based on experimental data using internal tin-type wire, but we also address the theoretical implications that would be generally applicable to other wire designs. The strength of our analysis is that our work leads to proposed procedures that improve the accuracy of the temperature scaling even if the assumed pinning curve shape does not fit the data as well at some temperatures, whether those temperatures are close to 4.2 K or to T
C.
Search for secluded dark matter towards the Galactic Centre with the ANTARES neutrino telescope
Authors: Albert A. , Alves S. , André M. , Anghinolfi M. , Anton G. , Ardid M. , Ardid S. , Aubert J.-J. , Aublin J. , Baret B. , Basa S. , Belhorma B. , Bendahman M. , Benfenati F. , Bertin V. , Biagi S. , Bissinger M. , Boumaaza J. , Bouta M. , Bouwhuis M.C. , Brânzaş H. , Bruijn R. , Brunner J. , Busto J. , Caiffi B. , Calvo D. , Capone A. , Caramete L. , Carr J. , Carretero V. , Celli S. , Chabab M. , Chau T.N. , Cherkaoui El Moursli R. , Chiarusi T. , Circella M. , Coleiro A. , Coniglione R. , Coyle P. , Creusot A. , Díaz A.F. , de Wasseige G. , Distefano C. , Di Palma I. , Domi A. , Donzaud C. , Dornic D. , Drouhin D. , Eberl T. , van Eeden T. , van Eijk D. , El Khayati N. , Enzenhöfer A. , Fermani P. , Ferrara G. , Filippini F. , Fusco L. , Gatelet Y. , Gay P. , Glotin H. , Gozzini R. , Gracia Ruiz R. , Graf K. , Guidi C. , Hallmann S. , van Haren H. , Heijboer A.J. , Hello Y. , Hernández-Rey J.J. , Hößl J. , Hofestädt J. , Huang F. , Illuminati G. , James C.W. , Jisse-Jung B. , de Jong M. , de Jong P. , Kadler M. , Kalekin O. , Katz U. , Khan-Chowdhury N.R. , Kouchner A. , Kreykenbohm I. , Kulikovskiy V. , Lagunas Gualda C. , Lahmann R. , Le Breton R. , LeStum S. , Lefèvre D. , Leonora E. , Levi G. , Lincetto M. , Lopez-Coto D. , Loucatos S. , Maderer L. , Manczak J. , Marcelin M. , Margiotta A. , Marinelli A. , Martínez-Mora J.A. , Martino B. , Melis K. , Migliozzi P. , Moussa A. , Muller R. , Nauta L. , Navas S. , Nezri E. , Ó Fearraigh B. , Păun A. , Păvălaş G.E. , Pellegrino C. , Perrin-Terrin M. , Pestel V. , Piattelli P. , Pieterse C. , Poirè C. , Popa V. , Pradier T. , Randazzo N. , Real D. , Reck S. , Riccobene G. , Romanov A. , Sala F. , Sánchez-Losa A. , Salesa Greus F. , Samtleben D.F.E. , Sanguineti M. , Sapienza P. , Schnabel J. , Schumann J. , Schüssler F. , Seneca J. , Spurio M. , Stolarczyk Th. , Taiuti M. , Tayalati Y. , Tingay S.J. , Vallage B. , Van Elewyck V. , Versari F. , Viola S. , Vivolo D. , Wilms J. , Zavatarelli S. , Zegarelli A. , Zornoza J.D. , Zúñiga J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Searches for dark matter (DM) have not provided any solid evidence for the existence of weakly interacting massive particles in the GeV-TeV mass range.
Coincidentally, the scale of new physics is being pushed by collider searches well beyond the TeV domain. This situation strongly motivates the exploration of DM masses much larger than a TeV.
Secluded scenarios contain a natural way around the unitarity bound on the DM mass, via the early matter domination induced by the mediator of its interactions with the Standard Model.
High-energy neutrinos constitute one of the very few direct accesses to energy scales above a few TeV.
An indirect search for secluded DM signals has been performed with the ANTARES neutrino telescope using data from 2007 to 2015. Upper limits on the DM annihilation cross section for DM masses up to 6 PeV are presented and discussed.
Positivity bounds from multiple vacua and their cosmological consequences
Authors: Melville Scott , Noller Johannes 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Positivity bounds — constraints on any low-energy effective field theory imposed by the fundamental axioms of unitarity, causality and locality in the UV — have recently been used to constrain various effective field theories relevant for cosmology.
However, to date most of these bounds have assumed that there is a single Lorentz-invariant vacuum in which all fields have zero expectation value and in many cosmologically relevant models this is not the case.
We explore ways to overcome this limitation by investigating a simple example model, the covariant Galileon, which possesses a one-parameter family of Lorentz-invariant vacua as well as multiple boost-breaking vacua.
Each of these vacua has a corresponding set of positivity bounds, and we show how a particular (beyond-the-forward-limit) bound can be used to map out the parameter space according to which vacua may persist in the UV theory, finding that in general there are regions in which none, one or many of the effective field theory vacua can be consistent with unitarity, causality and locality in the UV.
Finally, we discuss the interplay between this map and cosmological observations.

We find that the observationally favoured region of parameter space is incompatible with a large class of vacua, and conversely that particular boost-breaking vacua would imply positivity bounds that rule out otherwise observationally favoured cosmologies.

We also identify a specific boost-breaking vacuum which is “closest” to the cosmological background, and show that the particular positivity bound we consider reduces the otherwise cosmologically favoured region of Galileon parameter space by up to 70 %, ruling out the vast majority of cosmologies with a positive coefficient for the cubic Galileon in the process.
Isotope effects on turbulence and zonal flows in HL-2A edge plasmas
Authors: He Y. , Cheng J. , Xu Y. , Fang Q. , Xu J.Q. , Wang W.C. , Zou Q. , Yan L.W. , Huang Z.H. , Wu N. , Shi Z.B. , Liu Y. , Zhong W.L. , Xu M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The effect of isotope mass on the interaction between turbulence and geodesic acoustic mode (GAM) zonal flows has been investigated in HL-2A ohmically heated deuterium (D) and hydrogen (H) plasmas using a double-step Langmuir probe array. The experimental results indicate that the level of GAM zonal flows and the turbulence eddy size together with the eddy tilting angle are all increased in the edge region in D plasmas compared to those in H plasmas under similar discharge parameters involving plasma current, magnetic field and line-averaged density. Evidence shows that in D plasmas, the nonlinear energy transfer is the main cause of the stronger excitation of GAM zonal flows, which extract more energy from ambient turbulence and, consequently, lead to lower turbulent transport and better confinement in D plasmas. The experimental findings may contribute to the understanding of the isotopic physics and associated turbulent transport in tokamak plasmas.
Recent fall and high imminent risk of fracture in older men and women
Authors: Kim Kyoung Min , Lui Li-Yung , Cummings Steven R 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
despite fall history being a well-known risk factor for falls and fractures, the association between very recent falls and imminent fracture risk is not clearly elucidated.

Objective
to study the very recent (&lt;4 months) fall-related absolute risk of fractures in the following year.

Methods
two large prospective cohort studies of women (Study of Osteoporotic Fractures [SOF]) and men (Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study [MrOS]) aged 65 years or older were included. Data on falls were collected every 4 months, and the primary outcomes were any non-spine and hip fractures in the next 12 months.

Results
a total of 9,704 women contributed 419,149, and 5,994 men contributed 223,885 four-monthly periods of observations during the 14.8-year SOF and 12.6-year MrOS follow-up. Falls within 4 months indicated a high risk of non-spine and hip fractures in the following year for both sexes; in women, a recent fall indicated an 8.1% absolute risk of a non-spine fracture within 1 year, a 2.5-fold higher risk than that in women without falls, a 2.5% absolute risk of hip fracture, and a 3.1-fold increased risk. Falls increased the risk of fractures regardless of whether a fracture occurred or not. Men had similar risk patterns, albeit with a lower absolute risk of fracture.

Conclusions
in older people, a fall within 4 months indicates a high risk of fracture in the next year, regardless of fracture occurrence. A recent fall warrants urgent evaluation and consideration of treatments to reduce the imminent risk of fractures.
Single-cell generalized trend model (scGTM): a flexible and interpretable model of gene expression trend along cell pseudotime
Authors: Cui Elvis Han , Song Dongyuan , Wong Weng Kee , Li Jingyi Jessica 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Modeling single-cell gene expression trends along cell pseudotime is a crucial analysis for exploring biological processes. Most existing methods rely on nonparametric regression models for their flexibility; however, nonparametric models often provide trends too complex to interpret. Other existing methods use interpretable but restrictive models. Since model interpretability and flexibility are both indispensable for understanding biological processes, the single-cell field needs a model that improves the interpretability and largely maintains the flexibility of nonparametric regression models.

Results
Here, we propose the single-cell generalized trend model (scGTM) for capturing a gene’s expression trend, which may be monotone, hill-shaped or valley-shaped, along cell pseudotime. The scGTM has three advantages: (i) it can capture non-monotonic trends that are easy to interpret, (ii) its parameters are biologically interpretable and trend informative, and (iii) it can flexibly accommodate common distributions for modeling gene expression counts. To tackle the complex optimization problems, we use the particle swarm optimization algorithm to find the constrained maximum likelihood estimates for the scGTM parameters. As an application, we analyze several single-cell gene expression datasets using the scGTM and show that scGTM can capture interpretable gene expression trends along cell pseudotime and reveal molecular insights underlying biological processes.

Availability and implementation
The Python package scGTM is open-access and available at https://github.com/ElvisCuiHan/scGTM.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Neurofilament light-associated connectivity in young-adult Huntington’s disease is related to neuronal genes
Authors: McColgan Peter , Gregory Sarah , Zeun Paul , Zarkali Angeliki , Johnson Eileanoir B , Parker Christopher , Fayer Kate , Lowe Jessica , Nair Akshay , Estevez-Fraga Carlos , Papoutsi Marina , Zhang Hui , Scahill Rachael I , Tabrizi Sarah J , Rees Geraint 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Upregulation of functional network connectivity in the presence of structural degeneration is seen in the premanifest stages of Huntington’s disease (preHD) 10–15 years from clinical diagnosis. However, whether widespread network connectivity changes are seen in gene carriers much further from onset has yet to be explored.
We characterized functional network connectivity throughout the brain and related it to a measure of disease pathology burden (CSF neurofilament light, NfL) and measures of structural connectivity in asymptomatic gene carriers, on average 24 years from onset. We related these measurements to estimates of cortical and subcortical gene expression.
We found no overall differences in functional (or structural) connectivity anywhere in the brain comparing control and preHD participants. However, increased functional connectivity, particularly between posterior cortical areas, correlated with increasing CSF NfL level in preHD participants. Using the Allen Human Brain Atlas and expression-weighted cell-type enrichment analysis, we demonstrated that this functional connectivity upregulation occurred in cortical regions associated with regional expression of genes specific to neuronal cells. This relationship was validated using single-nucleus RNAseq data from post-mortem Huntington’s disease and control brains showing enrichment of neuronal-specific genes that are differentially expressed in Huntington’s disease.
Functional brain networks in asymptomatic preHD gene carriers very far from disease onset show evidence of upregulated connectivity correlating with increased disease burden. These changes occur among brain areas that show regional expression of genes specific to neuronal GABAergic and glutamatergic cells.