bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Helium Signatures of Natural Gas From the Dongpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, Eastern China
Authors: Ni Chunhua , Wu Xiaoqi , Liu Quanyou , Zhu Dongya , Yang Fan , Meng Qingqiang , Xu Huiyuan , Xu Shutang , Xu Tianwu 
Published: February 2022

The Dongpu Sag is one of the important areas for oil and gas exploration in the Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China, and natural gas from different strata in the sag contain a certain amount of helium, with the geochemical characteristics and the implications being weakly studied. Based on the analyses of the helium contents and isotopic ratios (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, CH4/3He, and CO2/3He) of natural gas, the abundance and origin of helium as well as the correlation with CH4 and CO2 are investigated. The results indicate that, natural gas samples from the Dongpu Sag display the helium contents of 0.0031–0.0217% and 3He/4He ratios of 0.148 × 10−7–11.986 × 10–7, and the CH4/3He and CO2/3He ratios range from 3.7 × 109 to 1.8263 × 1012 and from 0.05×109 to 35.04 × 109, respectively. Natural gas in the sag is helium depleted and extremely depleted, with the average helium content of 0.0133%. The helium reserves in the total gas reserves are 18.38 × 106 m3, meeting the standard of small helium gas field. The helium is mainly crustal which has been mixed by a small amount of mantle-derived helium, whose proportion ranges from 0.01% to 10.72% with an average of 2.39%. Helium-related isotopic ratios of natural gas from the Dongpu Sag are consistent with those from other areas of the Bohai Bay Basin, suggesting crust-mantle mixed sources. Several gas samples from members 2 and 3 of the Shahejie Fm. contain an insignificant amount of mantle-derived helium, displaying the characteristics consistent with natural gas from typical cratonic basins.
Case Report: Biventricular Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy With Pulmonary Stenosis and Bradycardia in a Fetus With KCNH2 Mutation
Authors: Sun Hairui , Liu Xiaowei , Hao Xiaoyan , Zhou Xiaoxue , Wang Jingyi , Han Jiancheng , Liang Mengmeng , Zhang Hongjia , He Yihua 
Published: February 2022

Background: Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a rare cardiomyopathy, long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a rare ion channel disease, and simultaneous occurrence of both is even rarer. Further clinical reports and studies are needed to identify the association between LVNC and LQTS and the underlying mechanism.Methods and Results: A 26-year-old primigravida was referred at 25 weeks gestation for prenatal echocardiography due to fetal bradycardia detected during the routine ultrasound examination. The echocardiographic findings were consistent with biventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy (BVNC) with pulmonary stenosis and suspected LQTS. After detailed counseling, the couple decided to terminate the pregnancy, and subsequent postmortem examination confirmed BVNC and pulmonary stenosis. Then, A trio (fetus and the parents) whole-exome sequencing (WES) and copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq) were performed. CNV-seq identified no aneuploidy or pathogenic CNV. A de novo missense variant in KCNH2 (NM_000238.3:c.1847A &gt; G,p.Tyr616Cys) was identified by WES. This KCNH2 missense mutation was classified as pathogenic according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology variant interpretation guidelines.Conclusion: We report the first prenatal case of KCNH2 mutation presenting with LVNC combined with bradycardia and second-degree 2:1 atrioventricular block. Importantly, this case reminds clinicians to systematically search ion channel gene mutations in patients with LVNC and arrhythmia.
How Gender Influenced the Experience of Using a mHealth Intervention in Rural Mozambique: Secondary Qualitative Analysis of Community Health Worker Survey Data
Authors: Kinshella Mai-Lei Woo , Boene Helena , Sevene Esperança , Valá Anifa , Sharma Sumedha , Vidler Marianne , Magee Laura A. , von Dadelszen Peter , Munguambe Khátia , Payne Beth A. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe mixed-gender community health worker (CHW) program in Mozambique is a window into the different experiences that male and female CHWs may face in their work. The objective of this study is to investigate how gender influenced the experiences of community health workers using the PIERS on the Move (POM) mHealth app in Mozambique.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis by gender of health care workers involved in the Mozambique Community Level Intervention for Pre-eclampsia (CLIP) cluster randomized trial (NCT01911494). A structured survey with 10 open-ended questions was used to elicit CHW experiences using the POM app. Data collection took place in 2017 after completion of the CLIP trial. This analysis examined emergent themes to consider how experiences may have been shaped by health worker gender.ResultsOf the 43 CHWs who used the POM app, there were 31 (72%) women and 12 (28%) men. Gender differences emerged in descriptions of how using POM increased their value and respect by pregnant women and community members. Fifty-eight percent of female CHWs (18/31) said that POM positively influenced their status in the community in comparison to 33% of their male counterparts (4/12). While the small sample sizes, particularly of male CHWs who used POM, preclude conclusions, these findings were supported by qualitative results. Female CHWs tended to elaborate more about community perceptions of their increased value and status as health care providers than male CHWs.ConclusionCHWs work within existing gender norms. While gender norms are perceived to support the comfort of women to speak to another woman about their maternal and child health issues, gender norms also work against female CHWs as their professionalism may be questioned more than for their male counterparts. CHW's narratives suggested that the mHealth intervention was valued beyond the technology itself because it also added symbolic clinical value and demonstrated a tangible investment in their professional capacities, which may have been especially appreciated by the female CHWs.
Clinical Characteristics of Patients With IgG4-Related Disease Complicated by Hypocomplementemia
Authors: Fujita Yuya , Fukui Shoichi , Umeda Masataka , Tsuji Sosuke , Iwamoto Naoki , Nakashima Yoshikazu , Horai Yoshiro , Suzuki Takahisa , Okada Akitomo , Aramaki Toshiyuki , Ueki Yukitaka , Mizokami Akinari , Origuchi Tomoki , Watanabe Hiroshi , Migita Kiyoshi , Kawakami Atsushi 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundA proportion of patients with immunogloblin G (IgG) 4-related disease (IgG4-RD) have hypocomplementemia. We aimed to identify characteristics of such patients.MethodsWe analyzed the demographic and clinical data and complement levels of 85 patients with IgG4-RD. We defined hypocomplementemia as serum C3 and/or C4 levels below the lower limit of normal at diagnosis. We also compared the characteristics of patients with and without IgG4-RD.ResultsThirty-two (38%) patients had hypocomplementemia at diagnosis. Patients with hypocomplementemia had more lymph node (p &lt; 0.01), lung (p &lt; 0.01), and kidney (p = 0.02) involvement and a higher IgG4-RD responder index than those without (p = 0.05). Additionally, patients with hypocomplementemia had significantly higher IgG (p &lt; 0.01), IgG4 (p &lt; 0.01), and soluble interleukin 2-receptor (sIL-2R) (p &lt; 0.01) levels and total IgG minus IgG4 (p &lt; 0.01). C3 and C4 levels negatively correlated with IgG, IgG4, and sIL-2R levels, total IgG minus IgG4, and number of IgG4-RD responder index: a measure of the disease activity in IgG4-RD. Patients with hypocomplementemia at diagnosis had a significantly higher frequency of relapse (p = 0.024), as determined using the log-rank test. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the presence of hypocomplementemia was independently associated with relapse (OR, 6.842; 95% confidence interval [95%CI], 1.684–27.79; p = 0.007).ConclusionsPatients with IgG4-RD with hypocomplementemia have a more active clinical phenotype, suggesting contributions of the complement system in the pathophysiology of IgG4-RD.
Beyond the Motor Cortex: Thalamic Iron Deposition Accounts for Disease Severity in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Li Qianwen , Zhu Wenjia , Wen Xinmei , Zang Zhenxiang , Da Yuwei , Lu Jie 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivePrevious studies have reliably identified iron deposition in the motor cortex as potential pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, we intended to investigate iron deposition, gray matter (GM) atrophy, and their associations with disease severity in the motor cortex and the thalamus in patients with ALS.MethodsA total of 34 patients with ALS (age 51.31 ± 8.24 years, 23 males) and 34 nonneurological controls (age 50.96 ± 9.35 years, 19 males) were enrolled between 2018 and 2020. The Revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R) and the Penn upper motor neuron (UMN) score were measured. MRI data included quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) for iron deposition and three-dimensional (3D) T1 for gray matter volume. After a between-group comparison, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for identifying correlations of iron deposition, GM volume, and clinical measurements.ResultsThe two-sample t-tests revealed increased iron deposition in the left precentral gyrus (peak voxel T = 4.78, PSVC = 0.03) and the thalamus (peak voxel: right: T = 6.38, PSVC &lt; 0.001; left: T = 4.64, PSVC = 0.02) in patients with ALS. GM volume of the precentral gyrus (T = −2.42, P = 0.02) and the bilateral thalamus (T = −4.10, P &lt; 0.001) were reduced. Negative correlations were found between the increased QSM values and the decreased GM volume (P &lt; 0.04, one-tailed) in patients with ALS. Iron deposition in the left precentral gyrus was positively correlated with the UMN score (R = 0.40, P = 0.02) and the GM volume was negatively correlated with the UMN score (R = −0.48, P = 0.004). Negative correlation between thalamic iron deposition and the ALSFRS-R (R = −0.36, P = 0.04) score was observed.DiscussionIron deposition in the thalamus, in addition to the motor cortex, is accompanied by GM atrophy and is associated with disease severity in patients with ALS, indicating that the thalamus is also a pathological region in patients with ALS.
A Single-Health System Case Series of New-Onset CNS Inflammatory Disorders Temporally Associated With mRNA-Based SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines
Authors: Ballout Ahmad A. , Babaie Anna , Kolesnik Michael , Li Jian Yi , Hameed Natasha , Waldman Glenn , Chaudhry Frasat , Saba Sami , Harel Asaff , Najjar Souhel 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundSince 2020, over 250 million doses of mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been administered in the United States and hundreds of millions worldwide between the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. To date, there have been rare reports associating mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines with episodes of inflammatory and autoimmune CNS disorders. We report a case series of five patients with new-onset neurological disorders of inflammatory or immunological origin temporally associated with these vaccines.MethodsA case-series of five patients within a single 23-hospital health system who developed new-onset CNS inflammatory disease within 2 weeks of receiving a dose of an mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.ResultsFive cases of post-vaccination CNS disorders of immune origin (fatal ADEM; n = 1, new-onset NMOSD; n = 2, new-clinical onset MS-like syndrome but with preexisting clinically silent mild demyelination; n = 1, meningoencephalitis; n = 1) observed within 2 weeks of inoculation with either the first or second dose of mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (Moderna = 3, Pfizer = 2).DiscussionTo our knowledge, these are among the emerging cases of CNS adverse events of immunological or inflammatory origin. These findings should be interpreted with great caution as they neither prove a mechanistic link nor imply a potential long-term increased risk in post-vaccination CNS autoimmunity. Larger prospective studies assessing the potential association between mRNA-based vaccination and the development of neurological adverse events of suspected immune origin, particularly among those with underlying CNS or systemic autoimmune disorders, are needed. The use of mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines should continue to be strongly encouraged given their high efficacy in overcoming this pandemic.
Comparison of the Characteristics and Prognosis Between Very Young Women and Older Women With Breast Cancer: A Multi-Institutional Report From China
Authors: Yang Yaping , Wei Weidong , Jin Liang , He Haiyan , Wei Mengna , Shen Shiyu , Pi Hao , Liu Zhiqin , Li Hengyu , Liu Jieqiong 
Published: February 2022

PurposeOur understanding of breast cancer in very young women (≤35 years old) remains limited. We aimed to assess the clinicopathological characteristics, molecular subtype, and treatment distribution and prognosis of these young patients compared with patients over 35 years.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed non-metastatic female breast cancer cases treated at three Chinese academic hospitals between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2018. Local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between different age groups and stratified with distinct molecular subtypes.ResultsA total of 11,671 women were eligible for the final analyses, and 1,207 women (10.3%) were ≤35 years at disease onset. Very young breast cancer women were more likely to be single or childless, have higher-grade disease, have more probability of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in tumor and triple-negative subtype, and be treated by lumpectomy, chemotherapy especially more anthracycline- and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy, endocrine therapy plus ovarian function suppression (OFS), anti-HER2 therapy, and/or radiotherapy than older women (P &lt; 0.05 for all). Very young women had the lowest 5-year LRFS and DFS among all age groups (P &lt; 0.001 for all). When stratified by molecular subtype, very young women had the worst outcomes vs. women from the 35~50-year-old group or those from &gt;50-year-old group for hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2−) subtype, including LRFS, DFS, and OS (P &lt; 0.05 for all). In terms of LRFS and DFS, multivariate analyses showed similar results among the different age groups.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that very young women with breast cancer had higher-grade tumors, more probability of LVI in tumor, and more triple-negative subtype, when compared with older patients. They had less favorable survival outcomes, especially for patients with the HR+/HER2− subtype.
Parental Cancer: Acceptance and Usability of an Information Booklet for Affected Parents
Authors: Melchiors Leslie , Geertz Wiebke , Inhestern Laura 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundParents affected by cancer are confronted with challenges such as communicating with their children about the disease and dealing with changes in their parental role. Providing appropriate information could support affected parents and their children. Still, high-quality and information booklets are rare. Therefore, we developed an information booklet for affected families. The study aims are: (1) investigating the acceptability and usability of the information booklet, (2) determining parental information needs, and (3) collating suggestions for implementation. Finally, we adapted the booklet according to the findings.MethodsWe interviewed five experts in psychosocial care of parental cancer and nine affected parents using a semi-structured interview guideline. Participants received the developed booklet after giving the consent to participate. Interviews on acceptability and usability of the booklet and information needs were conducted about 1 week after receiving the booklet. The interviews were analyzed using structuring content analysis.Results(1) Experts and parents reported that the information booklet addresses the experiences of affected families and that the content combination makes it useful in an unprecedented way indicating both acceptance and usability. (2) Following dimensions were identified as information needs: (a) communication, (b) support offers, (c) children’s disease understanding and needs, (d) organization of family life, (e) competence in parenting, and (f) sources of additional information material. (3) The booklet should be handed out personally by, e.g., healthcare professionals and might be accompanied by a personal counseling. Minor adaptations on language and content were conducted based on the findings.ConclusionIndicated acceptance and usability of the developed information booklet for parents with cancer suggest a low-threshold, basic support for affected families and health professionals. The diverse parental information needs are covered. The long-term effects of the booklet, e.g., on the use of psychosocial support offers, parental self-efficacy and psychological distress will be quantitatively investigated.
Increasing Parental Knowledge About Child Feeding: Evaluation of the Effect of Public Health Policy Communication Media in France
Authors: De Rosso Sofia , Ducrot Pauline , Chabanet Claire , Nicklaus Sophie , Schwartz Camille 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundUnhealthy eating behaviors are risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Parents largely influence the development of eating behaviors during childhood through their feeding practices. Parental feeding practices in line with recommendations are more likely to turn into healthier outcomes in children. From a public health perspective, it should be first ascertained whether providing parents with recommendations about child feeding is a useful approach for increase parental knowledge. Recently, the French health authorities developed a brochure covering updated child feeding recommendations. The present study aims to evaluate the short-term effects of reading this brochure on parental knowledge about child feeding, distinguishing knowledge accuracy and certainty.MethodsA brochure containing updated child feeding recommendations for 0–3 years old was developed by the French public health agency. A representative sample of French parents (n = 400) was targeted to complete an online questionnaire (T0) comprising 30 statements regarding child feeding. For each statement, parents indicated whether it was true/false and how certain they were of their answer (4-point scale). After receiving and reading the brochure, the same parents completed the same questionnaire 3 weeks later (T1). Accuracy (number of correct answers) and certainty (number of mastered answers: correct answers given with the maximal degree of certainty) were compared at T1 vs. T0 using paired t-tests. Knowledge evolution based on parental age, parity and education level was tested with linear models.ResultsA total of 452 parents responded at T0 and T1 and were considered for analysis. Between T0 and T1, the number of correct answers [median 22–25, t(451) = 17.2, p ≤ 0.001] and mastered answers [median 11–17, t(451) = 18.8, p ≤ 0.001] significantly increased. The median of the difference between T1 and T0 was larger for mastered than for correct answers. The observed evolution in knowledge was independent of parental age, parity or education level.ConclusionsA brochure containing child feeding recommendations has the potential to increase the accuracy and, to an even greater degree, the certainty of parental knowledge. This increase was observed even for younger or less educated parents.
Impact of 30° Reserve Trendelenburg Position on Lung Function in Morbidly Obese Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Gao Dengyu , Sun Lu , Wang Ning , Shi Yubo , Song Jianli , Liu Xiaoying , Yang Qiyao , Su Zhenbo 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of patients' positioning before and after intubation with mechanical ventilation, and after extubation on the lung function and blood oxygenation of patients with morbid obesity, who had a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.MethodsPatients with morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, ASA I – II grade) who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy at our hospital from June 2018 to January 2019 were enrolled in this prospective study. Before intubation, after intubation with mechanical ventilation, and after extubation, arterial blood was collected for blood oxygenation and gas analysis after posturing the patients at supine position or 30° reverse Trendelenburg position (30°-RTP).ResultsA total of 15 patients with morbid obesity were enrolled in this self-compared study. Pulmonary shunt (Qs/Qt) after extubation was significantly lower at 30°-RTP (18.82 ± 3.60%) compared to that at supine position (17.13 ± 3.10%, p &lt; 0.01). Patients' static lung compliance (Cstat), during mechanical ventilation, was significantly improved at 30°-RTP (36.8 ± 6.7) compared to that of those in a supine position (33.8 ± 7.3, p &lt; 0.05). The PaO2 and oxygen index (OI) before and after intubation with mechanical ventilation were significantly higher at 30°-RTP compared to that at supine position, and in contrast, the PA−aO2 before and after intubation with mechanical ventilation was significantly reduced at 30°-RTP compared to that at supine position.ConclusionDuring and after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, patients with morbid obesity had improved lung function, reduced pulmonary shunt, reduced PA−aO2 difference, and increased PaO2 and oxygen index at 30°-RTP compared to that supine position.
The Remission Effects of First Injection of Sclerotherapy for Pediatric Rectal Prolapse: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhou Weimo , Shi Yingzuo , Zhang Ming , Li Li 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundPediatric rectal prolapse is a common issue in clinical practice. Among various managements, sclerotherapy is an important method to successfully treat pediatric rectal prolapse, especially for the first injection. The knowledge of the first injection of sclerotherapy can be revealed by a systemic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.MethodsWe performed a systematic search and a meta-analysis for the retrospective clinical studies of sclerotherapy in pediatric rectal prolapse. The comparison between remission and recurrence after the first injection of sclerotherapy was performed to find if the first injection of sclerotherapy can treat rectal prolapse completely. After a restricted selection, 17 studies involving 1,091 pediatric rectal prolapse subjects with sclerotherapy were enrolled in a variety of classifications of injection agents. The focused outcome was to check whether the first injection of sclerotherapy can achieve a remission status. The meta-analysis was performed by Review Manager 5.4.ResultsAmong the subjects receiving sclerotherapy, the meta-analysis favors the remission status after receiving the first injection of sclerotherapy. The meta-analysis results showed significant remission tests for the overall effect and significant heterogeneities in odds ratio and the fixed-effects model. The significant therapeutic effects remained, however, even after testing in the relative risk and the random-effects model.ConclusionsDespite significant heterogeneity and relatively low quality of evidence, the first injection of sclerotherapy may conceivably demonstrate therapeutic effects to help the patients of pediatric rectal prolapse achieve a remission status.