bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family Beats School? Adolescents' Turnout Intention on Different Educational Tracks
Authors: Kestilä‐Kekkonen Elina , Sipinen Josefina , Söderlund Peter 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTStudies on political socialisation reveal that children and adolescents develop attitudes towards political processes long before they can actively participate in politics. This study, using panel data on Finnish adolescents (n = 1331), investigates how adolescents' turnout intention evolves as they approach the official voting age, particularly examining the influence of different educational trajectories on turnout intention among those from politically engaged and unengaged family contexts. Schools play a vital role in political learning, especially for young people without political discussions at home. While family remains the primary agent of socio‐political learning, schools offer opportunities to bridge inequalities in political engagement arising from family background and social class. In Finland, education diverges into general and vocational tracks after age 15–16, with significant differences in civic education emphasis. Our results show, perhaps unsurprisingly, that adolescents living with parents who vote more frequently and engage in frequent discussions at home exhibit higher turnout intention. However, while the turnout intention trajectories do not vary based on educational track, we observe that the trajectories converge among general track students, thus mitigating participation gaps according to family background.
Avatrombopag in adults with immune thrombocytopenia: A multicentre real‐life observational study in Madrid, Spain (AVAMAD study)
Authors: Pascual‐Izquierdo Cristina , Llacer‐Ferrandis Mª. Jose , de‐la‐Iglesia Almudena , Monsalvo‐Saornil Silvia , Menor‐Gómez María , Gil‐Fernández Juan Jose , Chica‐Gullon Esther , Álvarez‐Román María Teresa , Perez‐Segura Gloria , Zafra Denis , Ortuzar‐Pasalodos Ariana , González‐Gascón‐y‐Marín Isabel Teresa , Moreno Gemma , Arquero‐Portero Teresa , Moreno‐Carbonell Marta , Revilla Nuria 
Published: January 2025

SummaryImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a rare acquired disorder where thrombopoietin‐receptor agonists have become mainstays of ITP treatment. With the recent approval of avatrombopag (AVA), real‐world studies are essential to evaluate its efficacy and safety. Our study of 66 adult ITP patients treated with AVA showed a high response rate. After starting AVA, 74.2% did not require rescue medications, with minimal adverse effects. Additionally, 56.0% of patients reduced other ITP medications, and all patients aged ≥65 years responded to AVA. Results should be confirmed in larger studies, but AVA appears to be an effective and safe treatment for ITP patients.
Turbulent Diplomatic Relations in the Middle East: Israel, Denmark, and UNTSO Chief Vagn Bennike
Authors: Levitan Nir , Kjærsgaard Kristine 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAgainst the background of international conflict, UN efforts to preserve peace have often inadvertently created complications between member states. When the UN was deploying peacekeeping forces to the Middle East in response to the Israeli‐Arab conflict in 1948, conflicting priorities arose for Israel, the Arab nations, and also for Denmark. The following case study presents the early Danish involvement in peacekeeping within United Nations activities in the Middle East and its challenges. On the one hand, Denmark wanted to promote a high profile in the UN observation mission and to be seen as a strategic partner for peace on the world stage. On the other hand, Denmark did not want to damage relations with Israel which enjoyed a high degree of political capital in Danish circles. The Danish Foreign Office put forward Major General Vagn Bennike to be Chief of the UNTSO peacekeeping forces in 1953. His role was to supervise the ceasefire Agreements between Israel and its neighbors. Instead of guiding the parties to a more peaceful and stable process, the weakness of Bennike's diplomacy resulted in the parties adopting an even greater violent and aggressive policy. This article examines how this one individual influenced the UN peacekeeping forces and put in motion a chain of events that tested Danish–Israeli relations.
Impact of surgical volume on outcomes of laparoscopic adrenalectomy for benign adrenal tumors: A Japanese nationwide database analysis
Authors: Waseda Yuma , Chen Wei , Yokoyama Minato , Fukuda Shohei , Tanaka Hajime , Yoshida Soichiro , Ai Masumi , Hirakawa Akihiro , Fushimi Kiyohide , Fujii Yasuhisa 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo analyze the recent status of laparoscopic adrenalectomy for benign adrenal tumors, focusing on the relationship between the number of surgeries and complication rates per facility.MethodsData were obtained from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database, covering surgeries performed between April 2012 and March 2020. The inclusion criteria were laparoscopic adrenalectomy for benign adrenal tumors. Basic characteristics and outcomes, including anesthesia time, blood transfusion, and medical costs, were analyzed. The facilities were divided into five categories in increments of five adrenalectomies per year. The relationship between the number of surgeries per facility and complication rates was analyzed using the Cochran‐Armitage trend test and chi‐square tests with the Holm method applied for multiple comparisons.ResultsA total of 15 174 laparoscopic adrenalectomies for benign adrenal tumors were performed across 543 facilities during the 9‐year study period. The number of adrenalectomies performed annually was <5, 5–9, 10–14, 15–19, ≥20 in 434 (79.9%), 58 (10.7%), 28 (5.2%), 12 (2.2%), and 11 (2.0%) facilities, respectively, showing that only 51 facilities (9.4%) conducted 10 or more surgeries per year. The overall complication rate was 9.1%. A trend was demonstrated showing that facilities with a higher number of surgeries per year had reduced complication rates. Facilities with 20 or more surgeries per year had the shortest anesthesia times and the lowest medical costs. No significant differences were found in blood transfusion rates or in‐hospital mortality.ConclusionLaparoscopic adrenalectomy for benign adrenal tumors can be performed at lower complication rates in facilities with a higher number of surgeries.
The Effect of Electromagnetic Field Preservation and Frozen Storage on the Quality of Mutton
Authors: Wang Xi , Su Wei , Zhou Rongmei , Mu Yingchun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe study aims to explore the quality changes of mutton during different storage processes in order to identify optimal mutton preservation techniques. This research employs frozen storage (FS) and electromagnetic field preservation (EP) to store and preserve Guizhou white mutton (WG) and Qianbei Ma mutton (QG). The results showed that with the extension of storage time, EP treatment was able to inhibit the increase in cooking loss and TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) values in mutton. The TVC (total viable count) and TVB‐N (total volatile salt base nitrogen) values in the EP group for both mutton types did not exceed the safety limits throughout the storage period. Under both storage methods, 75 volatile flavor compounds were detected in WG, and 72 volatile flavor compounds were detected in QG, with alcohols and aldehydes being the most abundant compounds in both types of mutton. Compounds such as hexanol, 1‐octene‐3‐ol, nonanal, octanal, and hexanal were significant volatile compounds showing notable differences between the two mutton types under both storage methods, with the EP group consistently having higher levels of these compounds during storage compared with the FS group. Therefore, EP technology helps maintain the quality of mutton, providing important theoretical support for the application of EP technology in the storage of mutton products.
Leishmania mexicana N‐Acetyltransferease 10 Is Important for Polysome Formation and Cell Cycle Progression
Authors: Maran Suellen Rodrigues , Leite Ariely Barbosa , Alves Gabriela Gomes , Bonifácio Bruno Souza , Alves Carlos Eduardo , Moreira Paulo Otávio Lourenço , Panessa Giovanna Marques , Prado Heloísa Monteiro do Amaral , Klippel Angélica Hollunder , Cussiol José Renato , Massirer Katlin Brauer , Ferreira Tiago Rodrigues , Sacks David , Barbiéri Clara Lúcia , Silva Marcelo Santos da , Monte‐Neto Rubens Lima do , Silvio Moretti Nilmar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLeishmania presents a complex life cycle that involves both invertebrate and vertebrate hosts. By regulating gene expression, protein synthesis, and metabolism, the parasite can adapt to various environmental conditions. This regulation occurs mainly at the post‐transcriptional level and may involve epitranscriptomic modifications of RNAs. Recent studies have shown that mRNAs in humans undergo a modification known as N4‐acetylcytidine (ac4C) catalyzed by the enzyme N‐acetyltransferase (NAT10), impacting mRNAs stability and translation. Here, we characterized the NAT10 homologue of L. mexicana, finding that the enzyme exhibits all the conserved acetyltransferase domains although failed to functionally complement the Kre33 mutant in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We also discovered that LmexNAT10 is nuclear, and seems essential, as evidenced by unsuccessful attempts to obtain null mutant parasites. Phenotypic characterization of single‐knockout parasites revealed that LmexNAT10 affects the multiplication of procyclic forms and the promastigote‐amastigote differentiation. Additionally, in vivo infection studies using the invertebrate vector Lutzomyia longipalpis showed a delay in the parasite differentiation into metacyclics. Finally, we observed changes in the cell cycle progression and protein synthesis in the mutant parasites. Together, these results suggest that LmexNAT10 might be important for parasite differentiation, potentially by regulating ac4C levels.
Surgical resection of a solitary fibrous tumour causing refractory hypoglycaemia: Doege-Potter syndrome
Authors: Rosen Ryan D , O'Brien Matthew , Ersala Ramya , Barnwell John M 
Published: January 2025

Solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs) are rare soft tissue masses that are often clinically silent until they cause mass effect. A paraneoplastic syndrome manifesting as persistent hypoglycaemia, termed Doege-Potter syndrome (DPS), can be associated with these lesions. Surgical treatment is recommended for the management of these tumours.A case of a man in his 60s who was admitted for altered mental status and hypoglycaemia is herein described. Physical examination revealed a distended, asymmetric abdomen with a firm palpable mass in the left upper quadrant. Imaging demonstrated a 24 cm abdominal mass, confirmed to be an SFT on pathology. Biochemical evaluation was consistent with DPS. Surgical excision was performed; however, its large size and retroperitoneal location complicated intraoperative visualisation, ultimately requiring aortic reconstruction, multiple extremity fasciotomy, nephrectomy and prolonged intensive care unit stay.Few publications describe DPS. While tumour excision can be curative, this case report describes challenges that may arise with surgical management.
Alternative healthcare delivery arrangements in Nepal: a systematic review of comparative effectiveness, safety and cost-effectiveness studies
Authors: Rai Pramila , O’Connor Denise A , Ackerman Ilana , Budhathoki Shyam Sundar , Buchbinder Rachelle 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe way that healthcare services are organised and delivered (termed ‘healthcare delivery arrangements’) is a key aspect of a health system. Changing the way health care is delivered, for example, task shifting that delivers the same care at lower cost, may be one way of improving healthcare system sustainability. We synthesised the existing randomised trial evidence to compare the effects of alternative healthcare delivery arrangements versus usual care in Nepal.MethodsFor eligible studies published since 2005, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Scopus, the WHO clinical trials registry and NepJOL on 31 October 2024. Two authors independently assessed studies for eligibility, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and certainty of evidence using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations. We calculated risk ratios (RRs), mean differences (MDs) and percentage points (PPs) with 95% CIs for the outcomes and performed meta-analysis where appropriate.ResultsFour studies met the inclusion criteria. One evaluated task shifting, two information and communication technology, and one care coordination. No meta-analyses were performed. Low certainty evidence indicates task shifting of medical abortion by doctors to midlevel providers may result in equivalent complete abortion (RR: 2.55, 95% CI: 0.82 to 4.27). Similarly, the use of a mobile phone call reminder may improve on-time medicine collection among patients with HIV compared with usual care (RR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.48), while the integration of postpartum family planning and postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD) insertion with maternity services may improve PPIUCD uptake compared with usual care (PP: 0.173, 95% CI: 0.098 to 0.246).ConclusionMore evaluation is needed for alternative delivery arrangements due to limited low-certainty evidence from current trials. There was insufficient evidence on outcomes such as cost, safety, and patient and provider perspectives.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022327298.
Influencing basic behavioral mechanisms of action while targeting daily walking in sedentary adults at risk for cardiovascular disease: randomised factorial design protocol
Authors: Goodwin Ashley M , Gordon Samantha , Sahni Ravneet , Vicari Frank , Accardi Kaitlyn , Crusco Salvatore , Duer-Hefele Joan , Friel Ciaran , Suls Jerry , Cheung Ying Kuen , Vrany Elizabeth A , Davidson Karina W 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, though it may be prevented by increasing physical activity (PA). When behaviour change techniques (BCTs) are bundled together, they increase PA, though which individual BCTs increase PA (and the behavioural mechanism of action (MoA) responsible for said increase) have not been studied. The aim of this study is to conduct a randomised factorial experiment to determine which of four BCTs significantly engage the proposed MoA—self-efficacy for PA—in adults at risk for CVD.Methods and analysisEight hundred and twenty sedentary adults (18–74 years old) at risk for CVD will be recruited between September 2022 and June 2025 to a fully remote, 24-week randomised BCT intervention. To identify those who might benefit from this intervention, we define self-reported walking <7500 steps per day as ‘sedentary'. Following a 4-week run-in period to confirm sedentary behaviour and adherence to the study protocol, 624 eligible participants will be randomised to an 8-week intervention period. A full factorial randomised experiment will be conducted with 16 possible conditions: one will receive no BCTs (no-BCT condition), another will receive all four, and 14 will receive a unique combination of BCTs. During the intervention, participants will receive their randomised daily BCT(s) via text message. Daily steps will be continuously measured using an activity tracker. Self-efficacy for PA will be assessed bi-weekly via the Self-Efficacy for Walking Scale–Duration. Participants will complete a 12-week post-intervention follow-up period where steps will be monitored despite no BCTs being delivered. BCT(s) associated with increased daily step counts and increased self-efficacy for PA between run-in and study completion (week 12 of follow-up) will be determined alongside whether or not self-efficacy for PA mediates the association between each BCT and increased walking.Ethics and disseminationThis trial was approved by the Northwell Health Institutional Review Board. The full factorial experimental trial results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Data from this clinical trial will be made available on reasonable request.Trial registration numberclinicaltrials.gov; Identifier:NCT05425641, 06/21/2022
Match and training injury epidemiology in elite UK netball: a prospective cohort study over one season
Authors: Horne Sara , Shaheen Aliah F , Baltzopoulos Bill , Hills Laura 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo describe the incidence and characteristics of match and training injuries in the UK Vitality Netball Superleague (VNSL).MethodsNinety players were observed over one 14-month VNSL season (2021), including pre-, in- and post-season periods. Team physiotherapists recorded injuries using an online surveillance system, classifying them by location, type, mode, mechanism and impact, including severity (time-loss days, TL) and medical attention days (MA). Injury incidence (I) and TL/MA injury burden were calculated per 1000 player hours. χ2analysis compared match and training differences.ResultsThirty-nine players sustained 70 injuries (n=35 match, 35 training). Match incidence exceeded training (I=41.12 vs 1.10 injuries). Acute injuries were higher in matches (27 vs 17), while overuse injuries were higher in training (18 vs 3; p=0.001). Contact injuries were higher in matches (21 vs 7), and non-contact injuries were higher in training (10 vs 6; p=0.028). Acute ankle ligament injuries in matches caused substantial TL burden (411.7 days lost), while overuse lower leg injuries in training led to high MA burden (13.8). Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries were infrequent but burdensome (TL 496). The centre position sustained the most injuries (41%).ConclusionThis study underpinned implementing the first injury surveillance system in the elite UK netball competition, revealing match injury rates ~40 times higher than in training, with distinct injury characteristics. Findings suggest that prevention should target acute lower limb injuries and overuse conditions. Further research should assess the impact of playing with overuse injuries.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation complexity score
Authors: Abdelrahman Amr , Bamford Paul , Aktaa Suleman , Hall Rowan , Arockiam Sacchin , Blackman Daniel J , Malkin Christopher , Cunnington Michael , Ali Noman 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundIncreasing demand for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) places greater emphasis on the efficiency of pathways and services. A significant limitation to increasing TAVI capacity is the availability of cardiac catheterisation laboratory time. We have developed a novel complexity scoring system (TAVI ComplEXity; TEX score) which can aid in planning lists with appropriate case selection. To validate the TEX score, we have undertaken a retrospective analysis of TAVI cases. The hypothesis is that increasing TEX score correlates with increased procedural duration and reduced valve academic research consortium (VARC) 3 technical and device success.MethodsThe TEX score assigns patients to a complexity level of 1 (low), 2 (intermediate) or 3 (high) based on the presence of specific clinical and anatomical variables. For validation purposes, comparisons were made between patients in the three complexity levels with respect to procedural duration as well as VARC-3 technical success, device success and early safety.ResultsThe validation study included 1034 consecutive patients who underwent TAVI between June 2021 and October 2023. Of these, 582 (56.3%) were classified as level 1 complexity, 377 (36.5%) level 2 and 75 (7.3%) level 3. Significant differences were observed between the three groups with respect to procedural duration (73.7 min vs 85.6 min vs 136 min; p<0.001), VARC-3 technical success (97.9% vs 96.6% vs 92%; p<0.05) and VARC-3 device success (96.2% vs 92.3% vs 86.6%; p<0.001).ConclusionThe TEX score is a simple tool which allows stratification of patients into three levels of complexity. Increasing complexity levels correlate with increasing procedural duration and reduced VARC-3 technical and device success. This is potentially useful for scheduling patients onto appropriate lists.
Fixation Methods, Complications, and Outcomes After Primary Fixation of Isolated Chondral Fragments in the Knee: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tartibi Sina , Jackson Garrett R. , Boghosian Tanya , Brophy Robert H. , Smith Matthew V. , Matava Matthew J. , Knapik Derrick M. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Knee injuries resulting in purely cartilaginous defects are rare, and controversy remains regarding the reliability of chondral-only fixation. Purpose: To systematically review the literature for fixation methods and outcomes after primary fixation of chondral-only defects within the knee. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 5. Methods: A literature search was conducted following the 2020 PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines using keywords and Boolean phrases in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus on October 10, 2023. Human studies reporting fixation methods and outcomes after primary fixation of chondral-only defects within the knee were included in this systematic review. Studies reporting subchondral bone involvement were excluded. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool. Postoperative outcomes, reoperations, and return to sport/activity were evaluated. Failure was defined as chondral fragment dislodgement or failure of healing postoperatively. Results: A total of 18 studies (N = 93 patients) were identified. The mean patient age was 16 years (mean range, 11-32 years), with a mean final follow-up of 42.4 months (mean range, 5-61.2 months). Men comprised 81% (n = 59/73) of patients. Bioabsorbable implants (n = 13 studies) were the most commonly reported fixation method. Complications related to fixation of the chondral fragment occurred in 10.8% of patients (n = 10/93), with all other complications occurring in 9.8% (n = 9/93) of patients. Revision surgery directly associated with the chondral fragment was reported in 10.8% (n = 10/93) of patients. Successful return to sport/activity was observed in 90% (n = 60/67) of patients. Intact fixation was reported in 85% (n = 75/88) of patients undergoing postoperative magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, or second-look arthroscopy. Conclusion: Primary fixation of chondral-only defects can lead to low rates of failure and revision surgery with a high return to sport/activity in young patients, even with relatively large lesions. Bioabsorbable implants and absorbable sutures were the most common fixation methods, primarily performed via open arthrotomy after diagnostic arthroscopy. Failure of fixation and implant irritation were the most commonly reported complications related to fixation, with reoperations directly related to fragment fixation performed in 10.8% of patients. Healing of the chondral fragment as evaluated using postoperative magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, or second-look arthroscopy was reported in 85% of patients.