bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The German Federal Supreme Court’s Judgment in Booking.com as a Case Study of the Limitations of Competition Law
Authors: Beneke Avila Francisco E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe German Federal Supreme Court (BGH) held that the use of narrow price parity clauses (NPCs) between Booking.com and hotels infringed Art. 101 Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), confirming the Federal Cartel Office’s decision. The Supreme Court based its judgment mainly on the following grounds: (1) the use of these clauses restricts intra and inter-brand competition between hotels; (2) NPCs cannot be considered an ancillary restraint in the sense of Art. 101(1) TFEU; and (3) avoiding free-riding through these clauses cannot be considered as a justifying efficiency in the present case under Art. 101(3) TFEU. The present comment focuses on the analysis of the Court regarding (3) and argues that the reasoning in the judgment made conceptual mistakes and statements against settled EU law. The case shows the difficulties the Court had in handling a case where dynamic considerations are important. Therefore, even though the Court may have had valid concerns regarding NPCs, the judgment at hand is a step in the wrong direction regarding the judicial function of guidance of undertakings throughout the economy that wish to comply with competition law.
Il rischio cardiovascolare nel paziente con lesione surrenalica
Authors: Tucci Lorenzo , Di Dalmazi Guido 
Published: September 2022

SommarioIl riscontro di lesioni surrenaliche è in crescente aumento nella pratica clinica. Le lesioni surrenaliche secernenti (aldosterone, cortisolo o catecolamine) si associano a un elevato rischio di comorbidità ed eventi cardiovascolari rispetto alle lesioni non secernenti e alla popolazione generale, con quadri clinici sostanzialmente diversi in accordo al tipo di secrezione ormonale. Questa rassegna riassume le principali problematiche cardiovascolari nelle lesioni surrenaliche benigne.
Fusing depth local dual-view features and dual-input transformer framework for improving the recognition ability of motion artifact-contaminated electrocardiogram
Authors: Yuan Shuaiying , He Ziyang , Zhao Jianhui , Yuan Zhiyong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHeart health monitoring based on wearable devices is often contaminated by various noises to varying degrees. Using signal quality indicators (SQIs) to achieve signal quality assessment (SQA) is among the most promising ways to solve this problem, but the performance of SQIs in expressing ECG quality features contaminated by motion artifact (MA) noise remains disappointing. Here, we present a novel SQA method that fuses the proposed depth local dual-view (DLDV) features and the dual-input transformer (DI-Transformer) framework to improve the recognition ability of MA-contaminated ECGs. The proposed DLDV features are to identify subtle differences between MA and ECG through depth local amplitude and phase angle features. When it fuses with the temporal relationship features extracted by DI-Transformer, its accuracy is significantly improved compared to the SQIs-based methods. In addition, we also verify the robustness and the accuracy of DLDV features on four traditional classifiers. Finally, we conduct our experiments on the two datasets. On the PhysioNet/Computing in Cardiology Challenge dataset, the DLDV features (Acc = 95.49%) outperform the combination of six SQIs features (Acc = 91.26%). When combined with our DI-Transformer, it delivered an accuracy of 99.62%, outperforming the state-of-the-art SQA methods. On the artificial testset constructed by MA noise, our DI-Transformer outperforms four traditional methods and also delivered an accuracy of 97.69%.
Cushing’s syndrome: a combined treatment with etomidate and osilodrostat in severe life-threatening hypercortisolemia
Authors: Dzialach Lukasz , Sobolewska Joanna , Respondek Wioleta , Wojciechowska-Luzniak Agnieszka , Witek Przemyslaw 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Endogenous Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and initiation of therapy are essential, but effective treatment remains a challenge. In a long-term follow-up, biochemical control of hypercortisolemia, especially when severe, is difficult to achieve. Life-threatening hypercortisolemia is difficult to control due to the limitations of pharmacotherapy, including its side effects, and may require etomidate infusion in the intensive care unit (ICU) to rapidly lower cortisol levels. The effectiveness of hypercortisolemia management can be increased by a dual blockade of cortisol production. We report the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of combined therapy with two steroidogenesis inhibitors, etomidate, and osilodrostat, in a 32-year-old woman diagnosed with severe ACTH-dependent hypercortisolemia, subsequently maintaining a stable level of cortisol with osilodrostat monotherapy. This approach enabled achievement of relatively rapid control of the hypercortisolemia while using an etomidate infusion and concomitant increasing doses of oral osilodrostat applying a “titrations strategy.” Our experience shows that it is worth taking advantage of the synergistic anticortisolic action of etomidate with osilodrostat.
Song authorship attribution: a lyrics and rhyme based approach
Authors: Yılmaz Tunç , Scheffler Tatjana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, we apply authorship attribution to a large-scale corpus of song lyrics. As a sub-category of poetry, song lyrics embody cultural elements as well as stylistic attributes that are not present in prose. We draw attention to special characteristics such as repetitive sound patterns and rhyme based structures in lyrics that can be key to ownership, and present opportunities that cannot be employed for authorship attribution of other types of text such as tweets, emails, and blog posts. We first create a new balanced, large-scale data set of 12,000 song lyrics from 120 different artists. We propose CNN models for authorship attribution on this song lyric data set, in order to use structural information included in the lyrics, similarly to image classification. We conduct experiments at the character and sub-word levels that mostly reflect positional information. In addition, we use phoneme level features, which intrinsically involve attributes such as repetitions, rhyme, and meter, and represent elements unique to verse-based textual compositions. We attempt to discover idiosyncratic features and consequently author and genre associations by working with variants of CNN architectures that have been successfully used in other text classification domains. Our architecture choice results in a particular focus on lyric attributes residing in neighboring regions, since CNNs fail to apprehend long term textual dependencies. Finally, we empirically evaluate our results in comparison with the findings of previous test classification research from different domains.
Effect of tricyclic 1,2-thiazine derivatives in neuroinflammation induced by preincubation with lipopolysaccharide or coculturing with microglia-like cells
Authors: Wiatrak Benita , Krzyżak Edward , Szczęśniak-Sięga Berenika , Szandruk-Bender Marta , Szeląg Adam , Nowak Beata 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is considered the most common cause of dementia among the elderly. One of the modifiable causes of AD is neuroinflammation. The current study aimed to investigate the influence of new tricyclic 1,2-thiazine derivatives on in vitro model of neuroinflammation and their ability to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB).

Methods
The potential anti-inflammatory effect of new tricyclic 1,2-thiazine derivatives (TP1, TP4, TP5, TP6, TP7, TP8, TP9, TP10) was assessed in SH-SY5Y cells differentiated to the neuron-like phenotype incubated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (5 or 50 μg/ml) or THP-1 microglial cell culture supernatant using MTT, DCF-DA, Griess, and fast halo (FHA) assays. Additionally, for cultures preincubated with 50 µg/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a cyclooxygenase (COX) activity assay was performed. Finally, the potential ability of tested compounds to cross the BBB was evaluated by computational studies. Molecular docking was performed with the TLR4/MD-2 complex to assess the possibility of binding the tested compounds in the LPS binding pocket. Prediction of ADMET parameters (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity) was also conducted.

Results
The unfavorable effect of LPS and co-culture with THP-1 cells on neuronal cell viability was counteracted with TP1 and TP4 in all tested concentrations. Tested compounds reduced the oxidative and nitrosative stress induced by both LPS and microglia activation and also reduced DNA damage. Furthermore, new derivatives inhibited total COX activity. Additionally, new compounds would cross the BBB with high probability and reach concentrations in the brain not lower than in the serum. The binding affinity at the TLR4/MD-2 complex binding site of TP4 and TP8 compounds is similar to that of the drug donepezil used in Alzheimer's disease. The ADMET analysis showed that the tested compounds should not be toxic and should show high intestinal absorption.

Conclusions
New tricyclic 1,2-thiazine derivatives exert a neuroregenerative effect in the neuroinflammation model, presumably via their inhibitory influence on COX activity and reduction of oxidative and nitrosative stress.
Mining Personalized Individual Semantics of Self-confidence Participants in Linguistic Group Decision-Making
Authors: Jing Limei , Chao Xiangrui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWords representing individual preferences in group decision-making (GDM) are always associated with different meanings. Consequently, mining personalized semantics of decision-makers (DMs) hidden in preference expressions, and establishing a corresponding management mechanism, is an effective way to reach group consensus through computing with word methodology. However, the aforementioned consensus-reaching process may be hindered by self-confidence. To address this limitation, this study proposes a linguistic group decision model with self-confidence behavior. First, we identified the corresponding self-confidence levels for each DM. Next, we integrated different linguistic representation models into unified linguistic distribution-based models. We then obtained individual personalized semantics based on a consistency-driven optimization method, and designed a feedback-adjustment mechanism to improve the adjustment willingness of DMs and group consensus level. Finally, we conducted a quantitative experiment to demonstrate our model’s effectiveness and feasibility.
How can augmented care experience (ACE) improve ACLR patient’s participation to web questionnaires
Authors: Dany Mouarbes  , Thomas Pierre , Reina Nicolas , Cavaignac Marie , Berard Emilie , Cavaignac Etienne 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Digital surveys are commonly used to collect PROMS but could lead to a biased sample due to low response rate. Augmented care experience (ACE) is a process of offering higher quality of care for patients undergoing an ACLR via a Web-based platform.

Hypothesis
ACE improve participation to follow-up questionnaires using a Web-based platform (Orthense ®)

Study design
Cohort Study.

Methods
101 patients scheduled for ACLR were divided in two groups: Control group (n = 50) in which patients were offered an Orthense® account to respond to 11 questionnaires post-operatively and a paper prescription of a cold knee brace (CKB) for post-operative cryotherapy; ACE group (n = 51), in addition to offering Orthense® account, the patients received in automated and digital process through their account a connection with a supplier who take in charge to send the CKB directly to their home without any additional charge. Age and sex, responses on total questionnaires, level of education, and satisfaction from the surgery at D+45 were collected.

Results
31.7% female and 68.3% male with an average age of 29 years old participated. Patients in ACE group responded significantly better with mean response rate of 80.75% vs 51.64% in control group (p < 0.001). Mean response rate to 11 questionnaires was 66.34% in all patients. Female and older patients were factors associated with higher response rate. There was no significant variation in response rate over the time in both groups.

Conclusion
ACE showed to be an effective strategy to increase patient’s participation to a Web-based follow-up platform.

Highlights
Phase Separation in Liposomes Determined by Ergosterol and Classified Using Machine Learning
Authors: Yoda Tsuyoshi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Recent studies indicated that ergosterol (Erg) helps form strongly ordered lipid domains in membranes that depend on their chemical characters. However, direct evidence of concentration-dependent interaction of Erg with lipid membranes has not been reported. We studied the Erg concentration-dependent changes in the phase behaviors of membranes using cell-sized liposomes containing 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC)/1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC). We observed the concentration range of phase separation in ternary membranes was significantly wider when Erg rather than cholesterol (Chol) was used as the sterol component. We used machine learning for the first time to analyze microscopic images of cell-sized liposomes and identify phase-separated structures. The automated method was successful in identifying homogeneous membranes but performance remained data-limited for the identification of phase separation domains characterized by more complex features.
Post-Northian institutional economics: a research agenda for cognitive institutions
Authors: Frolov Daniil 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper discusses a research agenda for post-Northian institutional economics, which focuses on economic cognitive institutions and minds–institutions interactions. Douglass North introduced the ‘shared mental models’ and ‘shared beliefs’ concepts, which were considered the cutting edge of cognitive science at that time, the so-called first wave of extended mind theory. Subsequently, two more waves arose, but they went unnoticed by institutional economists who mostly continue to use internalist and reductionist approaches to cognition. Post-Northian institutional economics offers a deeper understanding of the relationship between cognition and institutions in the spirit of third-wave extended mind theory. The research agenda emphasizes a focus on socially extended cognition and the conception of cognitive institutions as shared mental processes (Petracca and Gallagher, 2020). I propose an alternative definition of cognitive institutions as interactively and polycentrically co-produced cognitive norms; this approach highlights normativity, co-production, and distributed active agency in extended cognitive processes. I propose two domains in which this third-wave framework can be used: ecological rationality and cognitive–cultural niche construction. This paper encourages a discussion on the prospects of a third-wave enactivist turn in institutional economics.
On the Relation Between Auroral Morphologies and Compression Conditions of Jupiter's Magnetopause: Observations From Juno and the Hubble Space Telescope
Authors: Yao Z. H. , Bonfond B. , Grodent D. , Chané E. , Dunn W. R. , Kurth W. S. , Connerney J. E. P. , Nichols J. D. , Palmaerts B. , Guo R. L. , Hospodarsky G. B. , Mauk B. H. , Kimura T. , Bolton S. J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractJupiter displays the most powerful auroral emissions in our solar system, which result from strong energy dissipation in Jupiter's surrounding space environment. Although mass and energy in Jupiter's magnetosphere mostly come from the innermost Galilean moon Io's volcanic activity and Jupiter's rotation, solar wind perturbations can play crucial roles in releasing magnetospheric energy. The systematic response of the aurora to a solar wind compression remains poorly understood because of timing uncertainties. Here we report the analysis of a set of auroral images from the Hubble Space Telescope with contemporaneous in situ magnetopause detections from Juno, allowing for a more direct comparison. By analyzing the dawn side main auroral emission, we distinguish two non‐mutually exclusive types of auroral enhancements: auroral dawn storm (ADS) featured with latitudinal extension in limited longitudes, and a long‐lasting main auroral brightening with limited extension in latitudes while extending over a large longitude range. Only the latter systematically appears under a compressed magnetopause, while the dawn storms could occur whatever the state of the magnetopause. The results could provide important constraints to improve theoretical models and numerical simulations. During expanded magnetopause conditions, Jupiter's aurora displayed either quiet or dawn storm morphology. The result is consistent with recent discovery of the initiation of ADSs in midnight and post‐midnight, possibly driven by magnetic reconnection plasma instabilities in night magnetotail. Our results show that some typical auroral morphologies could be used as a diagnostic of solar wind conditions at Jupiter.
The Relationship Between Submarine Melt and Subglacial Discharge From Observations at a Tidewater Glacier
Authors: Jackson Rebecca H. , Motyka Roman J. , Amundson Jason M. , Abib Nicole , Sutherland David A. , Nash Jonathan D. , Kienholz Christian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAt tidewater glacier termini, ocean‐glacier interactions hinge on two sources of freshwater—submarine melt and subglacial discharge—yet these freshwater fluxes are often unconstrained in their magnitude, seasonality, and relationship. With measurements of ocean velocity, temperature and salinity, fjord budgets can be evaluated to partition the freshwater flux into submarine melt and subglacial discharge. We apply these methods to calculate the freshwater fluxes at LeConte Glacier, Alaska, across a wide range of oceanic and atmospheric conditions during six surveys in 2016–2018. We compare these ocean‐derived fluxes with an estimate of subglacial discharge from a surface mass balance model and with estimates of submarine melt from multibeam sonar and autonomous kayaks, finding relatively good agreement between these independent estimates. Across spring, summer, and fall, the relationship between subglacial discharge and submarine melt follows a scaling law predicted by standard theory (melt ∼ discharge1/3), although the total magnitude of melt is an order of magnitude larger than theoretical estimates. Subglacial discharge is the dominant driver of variability in melt, while the dependence of melt on fjord properties is not discernible. A comparison of oceanic budgets with glacier records indicates that submarine melt removes 33%–49% of the ice flux into the terminus across spring, summer, and fall periods. Thus, melt is a significant component of the glacier's mass balance, and we find that melt correlates with seasonal retreat; however, melt does not appear to directly amplify calving.
Effects of High‐Density Gradients on Wildland Fire Behavior in Coupled Atmosphere‐Fire Simulations
Authors: Costes Aurélien , Rodier Quentin , Masson Valéry , Lac Christine , Rochoux Mélanie C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCoupled atmosphere‐fire modeling is recognized as a relevant approach for the representation of the interaction between a wildland fire and local meteorology at landscape scales. The atmospheric model component used in the coupled system is based on several approximations, which are adopted for computational efficiency or physical processes representation, including the widely used anelastic approximation. The validity domain of the anelastic approximation may be questioned in the context of high‐resolution wildland fire modeling due to the large fire‐induced heat releases near the surface. This study aims to study this question with the MesoNH anelastic model coupled with the Blaze fire model. A compressible version of the MesoNH‐Blaze coupled model has been developed for comparison with the anelastic system. The FireFlux I experimental fire is used for this comparative study conducted at a 10‐m and a 25‐m horizontal atmospheric resolution. Results show significant anelastic/compressible differences at a 10‐m resolution on the physical processes occurring near the fire with higher horizontal velocities and the presence of gravity waves downstream of the fire. This is in addition to the fire plume with realistic larger vertical velocities. Differences at a 25‐m resolution are much smaller in all evaluated processes. The compressible system only enriches the physics underlying fire‐atmosphere interactions at a very high resolution, which means that the anelastic approximation remains relevant for large‐scale coupled atmosphere‐fire simulations, considering the significant economy concerning numerical costs.
On the Relevance of Aerosols to Snow Cover Variability Over High Mountain Asia
Authors: Roychoudhury Chayan , He Cenlin , Kumar Rajesh , McKinnon John M. , Arellano Avelino F. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhile meteorology and aerosols are identified as key drivers of snow cover (SC) variability in High Mountain Asia, complex non‐linear interactions between them are not adequately quantified. Here, we attempt to unravel these interactions through a simple relative importance (RI) analysis of meteorological and aerosol variables from ERA5/CAMS‐EAC4 reanalysis against satellite‐derived SC from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer across 2003–2018. Our results show a statistically significant 7% rise in the RI of aerosol‐meteorology interactions (AMI) in modulating SC during late snowmelt season (June and July), notably over low snow‐covered (LSC) regions. Sensitivity tests further reveal that the importance of meteorological interactions with individual aerosol species are more prominent than total aerosols over LSC regions. We find that the RI of AMI for LSC regions is clearly dominated by carbonaceous aerosols, on top of the expected importance of dynamic meteorology. These findings clearly highlight the need to consider AMI in hydrometeorological monitoring, modeling, and reanalyses.
The Influence of Grain Size Distribution on Laboratory‐Generated Volcanic Lightning
Authors: Springsklee C. , Scheu B. , Manga M. , Cigala V. , Cimarelli C. , Dingwell D. B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOver the last decades, remote observation tools and models have been developed to improve the forecasting of ash‐rich volcanic plumes. One challenge in these forecasts is knowing the properties at the vent, including the mass eruption rate and grain size distribution (GSD). Volcanic lightning is a common feature of explosive eruptions with high mass eruption rates of fine particles. The GSD is expected to play a major role in generating lightning in the gas thrust region via triboelectrification. Here, we experimentally investigate the electrical discharges of volcanic ash as a function of varying GSD. We employ two natural materials, a phonolitic pumice and a tholeiitic basalt (TB), and one synthetic material (soda‐lime glass beads [GB]). For each of the three materials, coarse and fine grain size fractions with known GSDs are mixed, and the particle mixture is subjected to rapid decompression. The experiments are observed using a high‐speed camera to track particle‐gas dispersion dynamics during the experiments. A Faraday cage is used to count the number and measure the magnitude of electrical discharge events. Although quite different in chemical composition, TB and GB show similar vent dynamics and lightning properties. The phonolitic pumice displays significantly different ejection dynamics and a significant reduction in lightning generation. We conclude that particle‐gas coupling during an eruption, which in turn depends on the GSD and bulk density, plays a major role in defining the generation of lightning. The presence of fines, a broad GSD, and dense particles all promote lightning.