bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying the suicidal ideation risk group among older adults in rural areas: Developing a predictive model using machine learning methods
Authors: Kim Junglyun , Gwak DongHyeon , Kim Seonhee , Gang Moonhee 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to develop a predictive model that can identify the suicidal ideation risk group among older adults in rural areas using machine learning methods.DesignThis study applied an exploratory, descriptive and cross‐sectional design.MethodsThe participants were older adults (N = 650) aged over 65 living in rural areas of South Korea. Self‐report questionnaires were used to collect the demographics, suicidal ideation, depression, socioeconomic information and basic health information from September to October 2020. The collected data were analysed using machine learning methods with R statistical software 4.1.0.ResultsThe predictive models indicated that depression, pain, age and loneliness were significant factors of suicidal ideation. Good performance was observed based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in the decision tree, random forest and logistic regression. Finally, the evaluation of model performance indicated moderate to high sensitivity and specificity.ConclusionThe predictive models using machine learning methods may be useful to predict the risk of suicidal ideation. Furthermore, depression with pain, age and feelings of loneliness should be included in the initial screening to assess suicide risk among older adults in rural areas.ImpactIdentifying suicidal risk among older adults is challenging. Thus, employing predictive models that can assess depression, pain, age and loneliness can enable public healthcare providers to detect suicidal risk groups. Particularly, the presented models from this study can facilitate healthcare providers with initiating early interventions to prevent suicide among older adults in clinical and community nursing care settings.Reporting MethodThe reporting of this study (Observational, cross‐sectional study) conforms to the STROBE statement.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution. This study did not involve patients, service users, caregivers or members of the public.Implication for the Profession and/or Patients CareApplying this model may help to prevent geriatric suicide because the nursing staff will have a greater awareness regarding the suicide ideation risk of older adults, thereby reducing the possibility of their suicide.
Intratumoral immune heterogeneity of prostate cancer characterized by typing and hub genes
Authors: Han Jianpeng , Zhou Yan , Zhang Chundong , Feng Jianyong , Wang Junhao , Guo Kuo , Chen Wenbin , Li Yongzhang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDiscordant abundances of different immune cell subtypes is regarded to be an essential feature of tumour tissue. Direct studies in Prostate cancer (PC) of intratumoral immune heterogeneity characterized by immune cell subtype, are still lacking. Using the single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm, the abundance of 28 immune cells infiltration (ICI) were determined for PC. A NMF was performed to determine tumour‐sample clustering based on the abundance of ICI and PFS information. Hub genes of clusters were identified via weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA). The multivariate dimensionality reduction analysis of hub genes expression matrix was carried out via principal component analysis (PCA) to obtain immune score (IS). We analysed the correlation between clustering, IS and clinical phenotype. We divided the 495 patients into clusterA (n = 193) and clusterB (n = 302) on the basis of ICI and PFS via NMF. The progression‐free survival (PFS) were better for clusterA than for clusterB (p < 0.001). Each immune cell subtypes was more abundant in clusterA than in clusterB (p < 0.001). The expression levels of CTAL‐4 and PD‐L1 were lower in clusterB than in clusterA (p < 0.001 and p = 0.006). We obtained 103 hub genes via WGCNA. In the training and validation cohorts, the prognosis of high IS group was worse than that of the low IS group (p < 0.05). IS had good predictive effect on 5‐year PFS. The expression of immune checkpoint genes was higher in the low IS group than in the high IS group (p < 0.01). Patients with low IS and receiving hormone therapy had better prognosis than other groups. The combination of IS and clinical characteristics including lymph node metastasis and gleason score can better differentiate patient outcomes than using it alone. IS was a practical algorithm to predict the prognosis of patients. Advanced PC patients with low IS may be more sensitive to hormone therapy. CXCL10, CXCL5, MMP1, CXCL12, CXCL11, CXCL2, STAT1, IL‐6 and TLR2 were hub genes, which may drive the homing of immune cells in tumours and promote immune cell differentiation.
Development of telehealth principles and guidelines for older adults: A modified Delphi approach
Authors: Wardlow Liane , Leff Bruce , Biese Kevin , Roberts Carly , Archbald‐Pannone Laurie , Ritchie Christine , DeCherrie Linda V. , Sikka Neal , Gillespie Suzanne M. ,   The Collaborative for Telehealth and Aging
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic elevated telehealth as a prevalent care delivery modality for older adults. However, guidelines and best practices for the provision of healthcare via telehealth are lacking. Principles and guidelines are needed to ensure that telehealth is safe, effective, and equitable for older adults. The Collaborative for Telehealth and Aging (C4TA) composed of providers, experts in geriatrics, telehealth, and advocacy, developed principles and guidelines for delivering telehealth to older adults. Using a modified Delphi process, C4TA members identified three principles and 18 guidelines. First, care should be person‐centered; telehealth programs should be designed to meet the needs and preferences of older adults by considering their goals, family and caregivers, linguistic characteristics, and readiness and ability to use technology. Second, care should be equitable and accessible; telehealth programs should address individual and systemic barriers to care for older adults by considering issues of equity and access. Third, care should be integrated and coordinated across systems and people; telehealth should limit fragmentation, improve data sharing, increase communication across stakeholders, and address both workforce and financial sustainability. C4TA members have diverse perspectives and expertise but a shared commitment to improving older adults' lives. C4TA's recommendations highlight older adults' needs and create a roadmap for providers and health systems to take actionable steps to reach them. The next steps include developing implementation strategies, documenting current telehealth practices with older adults, and creating a community to support the dissemination, implementation, and evaluation of the recommendations.
Feel it or deal with it: Oral perception and aspiration risk in early stroke
Authors: Benli Enes Tayyip , Avci Şebnem , Öğün Muhammed Nur 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundSensation and perception impairments are significant problems faced by individuals with early‐stage stroke. Sensory inputs needed in swallowing guide the perceptual process with the involvement of cognitive functions. In the absence of sensory input, bolus perception may be altered, and swallowing safety may be compromised.ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the oral perception of volume change and the aspiration risk of individuals with stroke and determine the relationship between oral perception and aspiration risk.MethodsTotal participants were 35. The Gugging Swallowing Screening Test (GUSS) was used to determine individuals' risk of aspiration and divide them into groups ‘aspiration risk’ and ‘non‐aspiration risk’. The Oral Perception of Liquid Volume Changes Test (OPLVCT) was used to determine the level of oral perception.ResultsThe groups were statistically similar in terms of age and other descriptives. When the OPLVC test was examined, the scores of the aspiration risk group were significantly lower (p < .001). In addition, a moderate negative correlation was found between aspiration risk and the OPLVC scores (r: −0.502; p < .001).ConclusionIn this study, a relationship was found between aspiration risk and oral perception. It also revealed that individuals with stroke who are at risk of aspiration have low oral perception abilities. Based on these results, it was concluded that these individuals cannot reliably determine the maximum volume of liquid to be consumed without assistance. We suggest that evaluations and training of oral perception should be added to the rehabilitation of individuals with stroke.
Oral functioning after open versus closed treatment of unilateral condylar neck or base fractures: A two‐centre controlled clinical trial
Authors: Weinberg Florine M. , Rosenberg Antoine J. W. P. , Withagen Koen P. A. , Gilijamse Marjolijn , Forouzanfar Tymour , Speksnijder Caroline M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundOral functioning and rehabilitation in patients after condylar trauma can be measured by objective functional outcomes and patient‐reported outcomes. The similarities or differences between these outcomes may contribute to the decision if open treatment (OT) or closed treatment (CT) will obtain the most advantageous results.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare OT versus CT for unilateral condylar mandibular neck or base fractures in a two‐centre controlled clinical trial by objective functional outcomes and patient‐reported outcomes measured at 6 weeks and 6 months follow‐up. Additionally, these outcomes were compared within each group.MethodsPatients were enrolled between January 2017 and November 2019. In one centre, patients received OT by extra‐oral open reduction and internal fixation. In another centre, patients received CT by maxillomandibular fixation. Objective measurements included the mixing ability test (MAT) and mandibular active range of motion (ROM). Patient‐reported outcomes included the mandibular function impairment questionnaire (MFIQ) and visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain. Independent t‐tests and Mann–Whitney U‐tests were used to determine differences between the treatment groups at 6 weeks and 6 months follow‐up. Paired t‐tests and Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to determine differences within each group.ResultsThirty‐three patients were enrolled. No differences were found between the groups treated with OT or CT for MAT, ROM, MFIQ and VAS. Both groups showed functional improvement.ConclusionGood objective functional outcomes and patient‐reported outcomes were achieved with both OT and CT in patients with unilateral condylar mandibular neck or base fractures.
Effects of exogenous GnRH administration on lambing performance of oestrus‐synchronized Kazak ewes during the breeding season
Authors: Zhang Jing , Ma Jun ,   Aibibaimu, Wu Xinglong , Liu Yiyong , Li Xiangyun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of GnRH at insemination on lambing performance of Kazak ewes. Oestrus was synchronized in 774 adult Kazak ewes using an intravaginal sponge impregnated with flurogestone acetate. The sponge was left in the vagina for 12 days followed with an injection of 330 IU of eCG at sponge removal. Each ewe was inseminated twice at 48 h and 60 h after sponge removal. The treatment group (n = 387) was intramuscularly injected at the first insemination with a dose of 25 μg GnRH and the control group (n = 387) with saline solution. The results showed that GnRH administration significantly decreased the fertility rate. In addition, significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of the twin birth rate, the abortion rate and the litter size. In conclusion, GnRH administration at insemination was not recommended in Kazak ewes undergoing the fixed time artificial insemination during the breeding season. The breed may be a critical determinant of the potential for the exploitation of GnRH application in sheep breeding programmes.
‘Emancipatory nationalisms’? The nationalisms of nations without states
Authors: Khandy Idreas , Şengül Ceren 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn today’s seemingly ever‐globalizing societies, nationalism remains a potent force, most recently illustrated by national governments’ responses to the COVID‐19 crisis. Even though nationalism and its manifestations are deeply entrenched within societies, the term ‘nationalism’ itself continues to carry negative connotations, and the dichotomy between ‘good patriots’ vs ‘bad nationalists’ appears to be widely accepted in everyday life and the scholarly literature. Likewise, the association of ‘good’ (meaning ‘civic’ nationalism) with Western and ‘bad’ (for which read ‘ethnic’) nationalism with Eastern forms of nationalism remains prevalent. In this special issue, we critique these Eurocentric approaches to nationalism, highlighting two aspects of nationalism that are often overlooked: 1) nationalism takes many forms, and rather than viewing it as ‘good’ or ‘bad, it should be understood as a spectrum spreading across the Global North and South; 2) there is an emancipatory and creative potential within nationalism for marginalized and colonized peoples that has been illustrated through cases from the Global South. This potential – represented by the ‘nationalisms of nations without states’ – forms the central concern of this special issue. Our selection of cases from both the Global North and South reflects our own approach to nationalism.
Seasonal suicide trends in adolescents in the US: Did they explain the apparent effect of the Netflix show 13 Reasons Why?
Authors: Romer Daniel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionControversy surrounds the effects of the first season of the Netflix show 13 Reasons Why on adolescent suicide in the United States. This research reexamined the question using more sensitive weekly suicide counts and more sensitive tests for seasonal changes in suicide.MethodsWeekly suicide counts for adolescents ages 10–19 and young people ages 20–29 obtained from CDC were analyzed from 2013 to 2018 NVSS Mortality Data using time series methods.ResultsAdolescents ages 10–19 exhibited seasonal changes in suicides that increased from March to April and that also paralleled the school year. The same seasonal pattern was evident in males ages 20–24. There was no evidence of an effect of 13 Reasons in male adolescent suicides in 2017 once seasonality, auto‐correlation, and longer term trends were removed.ConclusionSeasonal changes and secular increases can explain why previous studies observed suicide increases in March and April of 2017 in male adolescents. The association between school year and suicide suggests that stressors associated with schooling increase the risk of suicide in some youth. How to reduce these risks is an important focus for future research as is the need to understand the conditions under which fictional depictions of suicide lead to contagion.
Jasmonic acid enhances osmotic stress responses by MYC2‐mediated inhibition of protein phosphatase 2C1 and response regulators 26 transcription factor in tomato
Authors: Zhao Wenchao , Huang Huang , Wang Jingjing , Wang Xiaoyun , Xu Bingqin , Yao Xuehui , Sun Lulu , Yang Rui , Wang Jianli , Sun Aidong , Wang Shaohui 
Published: December 2022

SUMMARYThe jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway is involved in the plant response to drought stress. JA and other hormones synergistically regulate the drought response in plants. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this synergism remains poorly defined. In the present study, transcriptome analyses of guard cells and quantitative PCR experiments revealed that MYC2 negatively regulated the negative regulator of ABA signaling, SlPP2C1, and the type‐B response regulator in the cytokinin pathway, SlRR26, and this negative regulation was direct. SlRR26 overexpression reduced drought tolerance in transgenic tomatoes, whereas slrr26cr lines were more tolerant to drought. SlRR26 negatively modulated reactive oxygen species levels in stomata and stomatal closure through RobhB. Moreover, SlRR26 overexpression counteracted JA‐mediated stomatal closure, suggesting that SlRR26 played a negative role in the JA‐mediated drought response. These findings suggest that MYC2 plays a key role in JA‐regulated stomatal closure under drought stress by inhibiting SlPP2C1 and SlRR26.
The Elimination of Carry-Over Under Steel-Mill Operating Conditions
Authors: Rivers H. M. , Hill W. P. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
At the Sparrows Point steel mill an expanded production schedule brought greatly increased demands on the steam-generating facilities, which eventually led to a severe carry-over condition. The authors review the steps taken to correct the causes of carry-over, both chemically, mechanically, and in firing methods. Studies were conducted on various boiler units of the plant, each of which offered somewhat different problems for solution. However, a balanced solution to the carry-over problem was evolved which applies to boiler operation at this plant as a whole, details of which are given. An explanation is also given of the experimental methods used in arriving at an acceptable solution.
Development and Performance of a Coal-Fired Unit Heater
Authors: Rush R. M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The paper describes an advanced design of coal-fired unit heater; explains the means by which high rates of heat transfer comparable to those of heating boilers are attained in an air heater, and by which the steel shell of the combustion chamber is kept at a safe temperature level; and gives results of tests of a large heater of this type. Various modifications of the installation arrangements are described, and the savings of critical materials and of man-hours, important under the present war conditions, attainable by the use of this type of heater are pointed out. A design of heater having all-refractory heat-transmitting surfaces, is also described. The reasons why the over-all saving of metal effected by the last-mentioned design must be disappointingly small, are explained.
1825-Lb-Pressure Topping Unit With Special Reference to Forced-Circulation Boiler
Authors: Clark F. S. , Rosencrants F. H. , Armacost W. H. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Because of current War Department regulations, the name and location of the power company whose additional facilities are discussed in this paper cannot be divulged at the present time. Originally the power station, established in 1923, incorporated turbine-generator capacity in two units of 75,000 kw, supplied by 375-psi, 750 F steam at the throttles by five boilers having a continuous steam-generating capacity of about 1,000,000 lb per hr. Early in 1940, economic and engineering studies were undertaken by Stone & Webster Engineering Corporation, leading to improvements in the economy of the station and additional generating capacity. The result is the installation of a 25,000-kw superposed turbine generator with one boiler having a continuous steam-generating capacity of 650,000 lb per hr at 1825 psi and 960 F at the superheater outlet. This forced-circulation boiler is the first of its type ever installed in this country and is 85 per cent greater in capacity than any of similar type installed in European plants. The authors discuss comprehensively the details of this boiler and its operation.
Experimental Investigation of Tube Expanding
Authors: Grimison E. D. , Lee G. H. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper gives results of an experimental investigation to determine (a) the fundamentals involved in tube expanding; (b) the various practical methods of measuring the degree of expansion; (c) the optimum degree of expanding; and (d) the ultimate strengths of expanded joints under various conditions of service. Characteristic relationships of seat pressure on tube to degree of expanding are given, which clearly show the optimum degrees of expanding. An explanation for the existence of the optimum is developed. Determinations of structural strengths of joints under instantaneous loading to failure are reported, as well as the results of repeated smaller loadings through 1000 cycles. The joint was not injured by these repeated applications of loads. The investigation has derived information which has led to a more positive procedure for rolling-in tubes.
Overfire Air Jets
Authors: Engdahl R. B. , Holton W. C. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
For many years overfire air jets have demonstrated their effectiveness for smoke abatement as well as for increasing the ratings of existing furnaces. Except for the chain-grate stoker on which fan-driven overfire air jets have become standard equipment, jets in this country have been actuated mainly by high-velocity steam from nozzles. Their wide use has been due largely to a minimum of engineering and auxiliaries, and in spite of demonstrably poor efficiency and high steam consumption. Because of uncertainty as to the effects of variables involved in a steam jet, there has been reason to believe that among the available types, there are some which might compare favorably in economy with fan-driven jets. To determine the relative performances of steam jets and fan-driven overfire jets, the authors undertook a laboratory study of the problem at Battelle for Bituminous Coal Research, Inc. The results are given in this paper, as well as a comparison with the meager information which had been made available from earlier investigations.
Lignite—Influence of Storage Conditions Upon Size Degradation, Size Stability, and Friability
Authors: Eckhardt C. J. , Yates C. W. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper is presented for the purpose of focusing attention on the little known possibilities of lignite as a direct source of potential energy for power-generating and industrial purposes, for the manufacture of gaseous fuels, and for the manufacture of liquid fuels. More than 18 per cent of the nation’s reserve of mineral fuels consists of lignite, but only an insignificant fraction of this low-rank solid fuel is being utilized. Test data are presented to dispel misconceptions concerning the characteristics of lignite which today stand in the way of its more extended use. The most serious of these relates to its tendency to undergo size-reduction processes while in storage and being handled. Nevertheless, it has been demonstrated that it is possible to store this fuel with complete satisfaction, the conclusions reached from the tests described giving factual support to the possibilities in this direction. Size stability, or measure of the ability of lignite to withstand a reduction in size of particles when being handled, and friability tests are also reported.
Investigation of Large Diesel-Engine Wristpins, Pistons, and Crankcase Explosions
Authors: Faast F. E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The causes of crankcase explosions in large Diesel engines have been somewhat obscure, although it has been suspected that wristpins might be the principal source. This paper contains the results of a research undertaken to solve certain wristpin and piston difficulties in large marine Diesels which had experienced disastrous explosions of this nature. Experiments were carried out on slotted-end wristpins having 0.001 in. clearance in the piston bosses, for the purpose of studying the effects of different equivalent amounts of wristpin and boss interference on (a) piston deflections; (b) strained shape of the boss; (c) holding power in boss. The possibility is demonstrated that large wristpin deflections in fixed-end wristpins can cause excessive bearing pressures and temperatures, rupture of oil film, large skirt deflections, all of which constitute explosion hazards and may cause rupture of the piston skirt. It is suggested that these and other difficulties noted in the paper could be eliminated by the use of full-floating wristpins with suitable piston skirts.