bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scoping review: Scope of practice of nurse‐led services and access to care for people experiencing homelessness
Authors: McWilliams Lucy , Paisi Martha , Middleton Sandy , Shawe Jill , Thornton Anna , Larkin Matthew , Taylor Joanne , Currie Jane 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsTo investigate the scope of practice of nurse‐led services for people experiencing homelessness, and the influence on access to healthcare.DesignA scoping review.Data SourcesOn 20 November 2020, the following databases were searched: CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed and Scopus.Review MethodsIncluded studies focused on people experiencing homelessness aged 18 years and over, nurse‐led services in any setting and described the nursing scope of practice. Studies were peer‐reviewed primary research, published in English from the year 2000. Three authors performed quality appraisals using the mixed methods assessment tool. Results were synthesized and discussed narratively and reported according to the PRISMA‐ScR 2020 Statement.ResultsNineteen studies were included from the United States (n = 9), Australia (n = 4), United Kingdom (n = 4) and Canada (n = 2). The total participant sample size wasn = 6303. Studies focused on registered nurses (n = 10), nurse practitioners (n = 5) or both (n = 4), in outpatient or community settings. The nursing scope of practice was broad and covered a range of skills, knowledge and attributes. Key skills identified include assessment and procedural skills, client support and health education. Key attributes were a trauma‐informed approach and building trust through communication. Important knowledge included understanding the impact of homelessness, knowledge of available services and the capacity to undertake holistic assessments. Findings suggest that nurse‐led care facilitated access to healthcare through building trust and supporting clients to access services.ConclusionOptimized nursing scope of practice can facilitate access to healthcare for people experiencing homelessness. Key factors in enabling this include autonomy in nursing practice, organizational support and education.ImpactThe broad range of skills, knowledge and attributes reported provide a foundation from which to design an educational framework to optimize the nursing scope of practice, thereby increasing access to healthcare for people experiencing homelessness.
I dream of socializing, sports, and serenity: Imagining a positive future‐vaccinated self is associated with better attitudes toward COVID‐19 vaccination
Authors: Brown Genavee , de Place Anne‐Laure 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic, governments are attempting to vaccinate a large proportion of their adult population against the virus. While many people hurried to receive the vaccine, vaccination rates then started stagnating and governments are searching for solutions to motivate remaining citizens to receive the vaccine. Previous studies show that imagining oneself in the future can motivate health prevention behaviors, but our study is the first to use a future selves paradigm to study vaccination motivators. In two mixed methods studies we examine the effects of imagining of a future‐vaccinated self (FVS) on vaccine attitudes, where participants were asked to think about what their life would be like once they had received the COVID‐19 vaccine. In Study 1 (n = 114), we coded the most important categories of FVS. Several FVS were identified and related to increased social and leisure activities, reduced negative emotion and societal constraints, possible side effects of the vaccine, and societal changes. In Study 2 (n = 113), we used a 2 × 2 design in which participants' reflections on their FVS were guided or open and visualized from a first‐ or third‐person perspective. The guided condition produced greater acceptance of the vaccine, and the first‐person perspective produced greater behavioral intentions to be vaccinated. We discuss the effectiveness of future selves interventions for promoting vaccination in different societal contexts.
Novel read‐through fusion transcript Bcl2l2‐Pabpn1 in glioblastoma cells
Authors: Zhang Lin , Wang Dan , Han Xiao , Guo Xiaoxiao , Cao Yuanyuan , Xia Ying , Gao Dianshuai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRead‐through fusion transcripts have recently been identified as chimeric RNAs and have since been linked to tumour growth in some cases. Many fusion genes generated by chromosomal rearrangements have been described in glioblastoma. However, read‐through fusion transcripts between neighbouring genes in glioblastoma remain unexplored. We performed paired‐end RNA‐seq of rat C6 glioma cells and normal cells and discovered a read‐through fusion transcript Bcl2l2‐Pabpn1 in which exon 3 of Bcl‐2‐like protein 2 (Bcl2l2) fused to exon 2 of Polyadenylate‐binding protein 1 (Pabpn1). This fusion transcript was found in both human glioblastoma and normal cells. Unlike other fusions reported in glioblastoma, Bcl2l2‐Pabpn1 appeared to result from RNA processing rather than genomic rearrangement. Bcl2l2‐Pabpn1 fusion transcript encoded a fusion protein with BH4, BCL and RRM domains. Functionally, Bcl2l2‐Pabpn1 knockdown by targeting its fusion junction decreased its expression, and suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. Mechanistically, Bcl2l2‐Pabpn1 blocked Bax activity and activated PI3K/AKT pathway to promote glioblastoma progression. Together, our work characterized a glioblastoma‐associated Bcl2l2‐Pabpn1 fusion transcript shared by humans and rats.
Hippocampal semaphorin 3B improves depression‐like behaviours in mice by upregulating synaptic plasticity and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis
Authors: Du Yuru , Shi Yun , Wang Xi , Song Han , Wang Xinhao , Hao Ying , Zhao Ye , Guo Xiangfei , Shi Mengxu , Gong Miao , Song Li , Wang Sheng , Gao Yuan , Shi Haishui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDepression is a global health problem, and there is a pressing need for a better understanding of its pathogenesis. Semaphorin 3B (Sema 3B) is an important axon guidance molecule that is primarily expressed in neurons and contributes to synaptic plasticity. Our previous studies using a high‐throughput microarray assay suggested that Sema 3B expression was tremendously decreased during the development of depression, but the specific role and mechanisms of Sema 3B in depression are still unknown. Herein, we report that levels of Sema 3B protein are decreased in the hippocampus and serum of chronic mild stress (CMS)‐treated mice. Increasing the levels of Sema 3B, either by injecting AAV‐Sema 3B into the hippocampus or by injecting recombinant Sema 3B protein into the lateral ventricles, alleviated CMS‐induced depression‐like behaviours and enhanced the resistance to acute stress by increasing dendritic spine density in hippocampal neurons. In contrast, interfering with the function of Sema 3B by injecting anti‐Sema 3B antibody into the lateral ventricles decreased the resistance to acute stress. In vitro, corticosterone (CORT) treatment decreased the survival rate and protein levels of Sema 3B and synapse‐associated proteins in HT22 cells. Overexpression of Sema 3B improved the decreased survival rate caused by CORT by inhibiting apoptosis and increasing levels of synaptic‐associated proteins, and knockdown of Sema 3B reduces the cellular resistance to CORT and the levels of synapse‐associated proteins. These findings represent the first evidence for the neuroprotective mechanism of Sema 3B against stresses, suggesting that Sema 3B could be a promising novel target for the prevention and treatment of depression.image
Breast cancer‐related lymphoedema and resistance exercise: An evidence‐based review of guidelines, consensus statements and systematic reviews
Authors: Wang Ling , Shi Yue Xian , Wang Ting Ting , Chen Ke Xin , Shang Shao Mei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesBreast cancer‐related lymphoedema (BCRL) is a side effect of cancer treatment and can be alleviated by resistance exercise. This systematic, evidence‐based review examined the existing best evidence on resistance exercise for BCRL to accurately describe the current status of the field and offer recommendations for clinicians.MethodsThis review adheres to the PRISMA guidelines. Clinical practice guidelines, consensus documents, systematic reviews and other related evidence‐based resources about resistance exercise for BCRL were retrieved through the English databases and guideline websites. The publication data limit was set to December 2020. The following search terms were used: ‘breast cancer/breast neoplasm/breast carcinoma/breast tumor/breast malignancy, lymphedema/swelling/edema/lymphoedema, resistance/weight/strength training, best practice/clinical practice/guideline/consensus documents’. The quality of the included studies was evaluated by two authors independently using AGREE II and AMSTAR II tools. Evidence‐based recommendations on resistance exercise relevant for BCRL were synthesised and categorised.ResultsTwenty two articles (seven guidelines, four consensus documents and eleven systematic reviews) were included. The overall quality of the eleven eligible guidelines and consensus documents was moderate to high according to the AGREE II criteria. The quality of the eleven systematic reviews was critically low to high according to the AMSTAR criteria. Six clinical topics involving 43 recommendations were identified. Recommendations were categorised by safety of resistance training, effectiveness of resistance training, evaluation prior to resistance exercise, resistance exercise prescription, resistance training outcome index and points for attention.ConclusionsThis study summarises 43 recommendations for resistance training for BCRL and provides guidance for clinicians. Based on randomised trials and systematic reviews published in recent years, there is an urgent need to update the guidelines and consensus documents in terms of topics, for example effectiveness of resistance training and resistance training outcome index.
The safety and effectiveness of elective laparoscopic surgery for benign ovarian cysts during pregnancy—Comparison with emergency surgery
Authors: Samejima Kouki , Takai Yasushi , Matsunaga Shigetaka , Nagai Tomonori , Kikuchi Akihiko 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimRelatively small benign ovarian cysts are conservatively managed in early pregnancy. However, emergency surgery is required should acute abdomen occur. Our study aimed to examine and compare the outcomes of benign ovarian cysts treated with elective laparoscopic surgery or emergency surgery during pregnancy.MethodsFrom 2004 to 2017, we treated 135 pregnant patients (110 elective and 25 emergencies) with benign ovarian cysts at our tertiary perinatal center and compared their surgical and perinatal outcomes.ResultsThere was no significant difference in cyst diameter (7.6 ± 2.5 vs. 6.8 ± 2.1 cm), but cysts <6 cm were significantly more common in emergency (36%) than in elective (15%) cases. Mature teratomas were significantly more common in elective cases (89% vs. 52%) but corpus luteum cysts were more common in emergency cases (0% vs. 32%). The rates of laparoscopic surgery (98.2% vs. 52.0%) and ovarian conservation (99.1% vs. 80.0%) were significantly higher, and post‐surgical hospitalization (4.6 ± 1.3 vs. 9.8 ± 10.5 days) was significantly shorter in elective than in emergency cases. There was no significant difference in the gestational age for delivery (38.9 ± 1.9 vs. 38.4 ± 2.7 weeks), preterm birth rate (12% vs. 20%), or birth weight (2939 ± 469 vs. 3019 ± 510 g).ConclusionsWe cannot state that an emergency surgery during pregnancy is rarely required for small benign ovarian cysts. However, the surgical outcomes were significantly better for elective than for emergency surgery, with no difference in perinatal outcomes. If a benign ovarian cyst is found early in pregnancy, elective laparoscopic surgery may be considered with adequate informed consent.
The importance of physician speciality on the diagnosis of acute appendicitis and its effect on morbidity in children
Authors: Bostancı Süleyman A , Şenel Emrah 
Published: July 2022

AimMost acute appendicitis (AA) patients present first to physicians who are not paediatric surgeons. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between the speciality of the first physician and delays in diagnosis and morbidity in AA.MethodsThe study was planned prospectively. Patients who were operated on between 15 June 2017 and 2018 due to abdominal pain were included. Demographic data of the patients, speciality of the doctors who examined them and postoperative complications were recorded. The patients were divided into three groups: those who were diagnosed at the first examination, those who were diagnosed at the second examination and those who were diagnosed after three or more examinations.ResultsA total of 414 patients were included in the study. There were 255 (61.6%) patients in group 1, 135 (32.6%) patients in group 2 and 24 (5.8%) patients in group 3. The mean age of the patients in group 3 was lower (P < 0.05). Postoperative complications and hospital stay were higher in group 3 (P < 0.05). While 91.8% of the patients in group 1 were examined by a paediatrician, this rate was significantly lower in the other groups (P < 0.05).ConclusionsIf children presenting with abdominal pain are evaluated primarily by paediatricians, consultation with paediatric surgeons is faster. The awareness of doctors of other specialities should be increased through regular periodic training.
Safety and efficacy of a novel iron chelator (HBED; (N,N′‐Di(2‐hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine‐N,N′‐diacetic acid)) in equine (Equus caballus) as a model for black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis)
Authors: Sullivan Kathleen E. , Lavin Shana R. , Livingston Shannon , Knutson Mitchell , Valdes Eduardo V. , Warren Lori K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhile iron overload disorder (IOD) and related disease states are not considered a common occurrence in domestic equids, these issues appear prevalent in black rhinoceroses under human care. In addressing IOD in black rhinos, altering dietary iron absorption and excretion may be the most globally practical approach. A main option for treatment used across other species such as humans, is chelation therapy using iron‐specific synthetic compounds. As horses may serve as an appropriate digestive model for the endangered rhinoceros, we evaluated the potential use of the oral iron chelatorN,N‐bis(2‐hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine‐N,N‐diacetic acid (HBED) in horses for safety and efficacy prior to testing in black rhinoceros. Health and iron digestibility and dynamics were assessed in horses (n = 6) before, and after treatment with HBED (50 mg/kg body weight) for 8 days using a crossover design with serum, faecal and urine collection. A preliminary pharmacokinetic trial was also performed but no trace of HBED was found in serially sampled plasma through 8 h post‐oral dosing. HBED increased urinary iron output in horses compared to control by 0.7% of total iron intake (p < 0.01), for an average of 27 mg urinary iron/day, similar to human chelation goals. Blood chemistry, blood cell counts and overall wellness were not affected by treatment. As healthy horses are able to regulate iron absorption, the lack of change in iron balance is unsurprising. Short‐term HBED administration appeared to be safely tolerated by horses, therefore it was anticipated it would also be safe to administer to black rhinos for the management of iron overload.
Microbial community dispersal from wheat grains to sourdoughs: A contribution of participatory research
Authors: von Gastrow Lucas , Michel Elisa , Legrand Judith , Amelot Rémy , Segond Diego , Guezenec Stéphane , Rué Olivier , Chable Véronique , Goldringer Isabelle , Dousset Xavier , Serpolay‐Bessoni Estelle , Taupier‐Letage Bruno , Vindras‐Fouillet Camille , Onno Bernard , Valence Florence , Sicard Delphine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUnderstanding microbial dispersal is critical to understand the dynamics and evolution of microbial communities. However, microbial dispersal is difficult to study because of uncertainty about their vectors of migration. This applies to both microbial communities in natural and human‐associated environments. Here, we studied microbial dispersal along the sourdoughs bread‐making chain using a participatory research approach. Sourdough is a naturally fermented mixture of flour and water. It hosts a community of bacteria and yeasts whose origins are only partially known. We analysed the potential of wheat grains and flour to serve as an inoculum for sourdough microbial communities using 16S rDNA and ITS1 metabarcoding. First, in an experiment involving farmers, a miller and bakers, we followed the microbiota from grains to newly initiated and propagated sourdoughs. Second, we compared the microbiota of 46 sourdough samples collected everywhere in France, and of the flour used for their back‐slopping. The core microbiota detected on the seeds, in the flour and in the sourdough was composed mainly of microbes known to be associated with plants and not living in sourdoughs. No sourdough yeast species were detected on grains and flours. Sourdough lactic acid bacteria were rarely found in flour. When they were, they did not have the same amplicon sequence variant (ASV) as found in the corresponding sourdough. However, the low sequencing depth for bacteria in flour did not allow us to draw definitive conclusion. Thus, our results showed that sourdough yeasts did not come from flour, and suggest that neither do sourdough LAB.
Prevalence of oral lichen planus in patients with diabetes mellitus: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Sun Yutong , Chen Dawei , Deng Xiaoting , Xu Yiming , Wang Ying , Qiu Xuemei , Yuan Peiyang , Zhang Zhenyu , Xu Hao , Jiang Lu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesOral lichen planus, a chronic inflammatory immune disease, occurs in the oral mucosa. We aimed to assess the prevalence and possible influencing factors of oral lichen planus in patients with diabetes mellitus.Subjects and MethodsThis cross‐sectional study involved 525 patients with diabetes mellitus and 525 controls. We collected information on blood glucose level, duration of diabetes, diabetic complications, treatment methods, other systemic diseases and medication history.ResultsOral lichen planus was significantly more prevalent in the diabetes mellitus/type 2 diabetes mellitus group than in the controls (2.3%/2.2% vs. 0.6%, p = 0.019/0.022). There was no significant association between patients with diabetes mellitus with and those without oral lichen planus in age (p = 0.195), sex (p = 0.390), blood glucose level (p = 1), duration of diabetes (p = 0.638), diabetic complications (p = 1), treatment methods (p = 0.962), other systemic diseases (p = 0.891) and medication history (p = 0.848).ConclusionsDiabetes mellitus was associated with oral lichen planus; there was a higher prevalence of oral lichen planus in patients with diabetes mellitus/type 2 diabetes mellitus than in those without diabetes. Oral lichen planus development in patients with diabetes mellitus was not significantly associated with age, sex, blood glucose level, duration of diabetes, diabetic complications, treatment methods, other systemic diseases and medication history.
Effects of forward and backward span trainings on working memory: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Yang , Fu Wenjin , Zhang Qiumei , Chen Xiongying , Li Xiaohong , Du Boqi , Deng Xiaoxiang , Ji Feng , Dong Qi , Jaeggi Susanne M. , Chen Chuansheng , Li Jun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBoth forward and backward working memory span tasks have been used in cognitive training, but no study has been conducted to test whether the two types of trainings are equally effective. Based on data from a randomized controlled trial, this study (N = 60 healthy college students) tested the effects of backward span training, forward span training, and no intervention. Event‐related potential (ERP) signals were recorded at the pre‐, mid‐, and post‐tests while the subjects were performing a distractor version of the change detection task, which included three conditions (2 targets and 0 distractor [2T0D]; 4 targets and 0 distractor [4T0D]; and 2 targets and 2 distractors [2T2D]). Behavioral data were collected from two additional tasks: a multi‐object version of the change detection task, and a suppress task. Compared to no intervention, both forward and backward span trainings led to significantly greater improvement in working memory maintenance, based on indices from both behavioral (Kmax) and ERP data (CDA_2T0D and CDA_4T0D). Backward span training also improved interference control based on the ERP data (CDA_filtering efficiency) to a greater extent than did forward span training and no intervention, but the three groups did not differ in terms of behavioral indices of interference control. These results have potential implications for optimizing the current cognitive training on working memory.
An Application of High Pressure in Geophysics: Experimental Rock Deformation
Authors: Handin John 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
For proved laboratory methods through which to study phenomena within the earth’s crust the geophysicist often turns to the engineer and physicist who have largely developed the high-pressure art. The paper reports on the geophysical problem of rock deformation in which there is an application of high pressure and with which the reader may not be familiar. Of the four important environmental factors involved in natural rock deformation, namely, pressure, temperature, time, and the presence of solutions, only pressure and time have received much attention in the laboratory. Descriptions of current research by Griggs and his collaborators at the Institute of Geophysics, University of California, and by the Shell Research Laboratory show what is being done to determine the combined effects of these factors in an effort to simulate geological conditions more realistically.
Studies of Submergence Requirements of High-Specific-Speed Pumps
Authors: Iversen H. W. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Submergence requirements of high-specific-speed pumps that take suction from open sumps depend upon vortex formation in the sump and resulting air entrainment in the pumped liquid. Two interrelated requirements must be met in sump design. The sump must be of minimum size without affecting adversely the pump performance with respect to efficiency and head. Laboratory studies have been made on the effect of side-wall and bottom clearances, relative to the suction bell, on the pump efficiency, and also upon the submergence requirements to avoid vortex formation with air entrainment. Results show that side-wall and end-wall clearance of one quarter to one half the suction-bell diameter, and bottom clearances of one half the suction-bell diameter will not affect the normal pump performance adversely. Minimum stable depths of sump liquid also were obtained with these spacings. Model tests according to Froude’s modulus do not yield quantitative results since frictional effects apparently influence the results. However, qualitative studies may be made with models to determine optimum sump configurations to avoid vortex formation.