bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INTERLEUKIN-1β LEVELS IN THE HUMAN GINGIVAL SULCUS: RATES AND FACTORS AFFECTING ITS LEVELS IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS
Authors: Al-dossary Omar Ahmed Ismael , Al-Kholani Abdulwahab Ismail Mohamed , AL-Haddad Khaled A , Al-Najhi Mohammed Mohammed Ali , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab , Al-adhami Ikram Ayad Anwar , Aldhorae Khalid 
Published: November 2022

Background and objective: Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) affords a exceptional window for investigation of periodontal condition as the levels of inflammatory mediators, which consequences owing to the increased local destruction of connective tissue structural elements. This study aimed to explore the interleukin 1β (IL-1β)) levels in the human gingival sulcus in healthy normal people; and the effect of host factors as age , gender, type of tooth used in pro-inflammatory biomarkers.
Methods: Eighty seven patients, 54 (62.1%) female and 33 (37.9%) male (aged 12–34 years; mean 19.58±4.4 years), participated in this study. Each subject underwent a session on professional oral hygiene and received oral hygiene instructions. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) sampling was conducted (baseline). GCF was collected from the Central incisor, the Lateral incisor, the Canine, the First premolar and the second premolar in this study.
Results: In total, the mean±SD of central incisor IL-1β was 32.16±4.83 pg/ml, with a mode equal to 28.01 pg/mL, the median was 32.71 pg/mL, and ranged from 20.98 to 41.25 pg/ml with the 75% interquartile range (IQR) equal to 35.94 pg/ml. For males the mean±SD of central incisor IL-1β was 31.6±5.51 pg/ml VS 32.5±4.4 pg/ml of females. For the lateral incisor, canine, first premolar, second premolar:
Conclusion: This study provides the upper limit of normal values ​​for interleukin 1β (IL-1β) levels for subjects aged 12–34 years in the GCF. These upper limits of normal values ​​will guide dentists in Yemen when they consider the diagnosis of periodontal disease, as well as its role during orthodontic tooth movement where they play important role in osteocyte activities (e.g, osteoclasts and osteoblasts), and will provide useful baseline data for future studies of interventions against periodontal disease, and teeth movement by orthodontics appliances, in Yemen.

Peer Review History:
Received: 1 September 2022; Revised: 11 October; Accepted: 6 November, Available online: 15 November 2022
Academic Editor: Dr. Emmanuel O. Olorunsola, Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Uyo, Nigeria, olorunsolaeo@yahoo.com
Received file: Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Rima Benatoui,Laboratory of Applied Neuroendocrinology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Badji Mokhtar University Annaba, Algeria. benattouiryma@gmail.com
Dr. Gulam Mohammed Husain,, National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders, Hyderabad, India, gmhusain@gmail.com
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THE EFFECT OF NANOSILVER AND CHLORHEXIDINE MOUTHWASH ON ANAEROBIC PERIODONTAL PATHOGENS COUNTS
ASSOCIATION OF EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS BY LIMITED MATERIALS: PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN YEMEN
Authors: Al-Mansor Mohammed Ismail , Al-Moyed Khaled Abdul-Karim A , Al-Shehari Mohammed Mohammed , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab , Al-gunaid Eshrak Adulmalik , Al-Haddad Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: November 2022

Background and aims: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory disease with damage to many organs due to the production of auto-antibodies, including auto-antibodies to renal antigen, vascular tissue antigens, brain antigens, ribosomes, nuclear antigens, and phospholipids. This study was conducted to determine patient characteristics and clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus and to find out the association of positive IgG with high titer of EBV-VCA with clinical features of SLE patients.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 142 patients with SLE diagnosed based on American College of Rheumatology criteria were selected. All were included in the study after obtaining informed consent for participation. Whole blood samples were taken and serum was separated to determine anti-EBV IgG antibodies using the ELISA method and assessment with the SLE.
Results: Female represent 81% of the total patients, while male represent only 19%, with ratio male: female equal to 1: 4.3, most of the patients were adults over 20 years old, with mean age ± SD was 35.8 ± 13.7 years. The most common signs were joint pain (95.1%), fever (92.3%), persistent fatigue (83.8%), followed by joint swelling (69.7%), photosensitivity (54.4%), renal involvement (52.8%), weigh loss (49.3%) and alopecia (49.3%), while other SLE signs were less frequent.
Conclusion: EBV may have an important role in SLE pathogenesis and activity, SLE male: female ratio equals 1:4.3, most patients were adults over 20 years of age, and the most common signs of SLE were joint pain, fever and persistent fatigue.

Peer Review History:
Received: 2 September 2022; Revised: 11 October; Accepted: 15 November, Available online: 15 November 2022
Academic Editor: Dr. Iman Muhammad Higazy, National Research Center, Egypt, imane.higazy@hotmail.com
Received file: Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Rima Benatoui,Laboratory of Applied Neuroendocrinology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Badji Mokhtar University Annaba, Algeria. benattouiryma@gmail.com
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THE ASSOCIATION OF EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS ANTIBODIES WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AMONG YEMENI PATIENTS IN SANA’A CITY
A Survey of Video Steganography Algorithms
Authors:   School of Technology Ghana Institute of Management & Public Administration  GreenHills, Accra, Ghana, Ohipeni Edwin Angmor Kofi 
Published: November 2022

The need for data encryption has become more important than ever since the appearance of the covid-19 virus which has led to the rate at which cybercrimes are committed to triple. Data is generally in the form of text, audio, video, and image. Over the years researchers have found a way to hide specific information to intended destinations in these data forms. The is called steganography and hiding secret information in video is known as video steganography. In this paper, a survey on some video steganography algorithms have been presented. Recommendations and direction for future works are also discussed in this paper. Keywords: Steganography, cover image, secret data, steganalysis, least significant bit (LSB),	motion picture expart group (MPEG), high embedding efficiency, embedding payload
Performing a Quantile Regression to Explore the Financial Inclusion in Emerging Countries and Lessons African Countries Can Learn from Them
Authors: Dirir Sadik Aden 
Published: November 2022

Financial inclusion is a concept that promotes the accessibility and admittance of people and small businesses to financial assistance such as credit, banking features, and insurance items. There is a significant poof that adequate financial services have advantageous gains for women, young people, clients, and underprivileged individuals. Efficient and sound expansion of financial inclusion in emerging countries is frequently upheld by adequate strategies, innovative reforms, and favorable regulations that ought to help small firms, poor and marginalized individuals, and empower communities. Various emerging countries are executing reforms to extend financial diffusion. For that reason, this study will explore the factors that promote financial inclusion in emerging countries and the lessons that African countries could learn from them. Thus, 13 emerging countries which are (India, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Indonesia, Nigeria, Mexico, South Africa, Brazil, Russia, and China) from the period of 2005 to 2020 were nominated. Additionally, to determine the elements that influence financial inclusion factors such as bank branches per 100 000 individuals, net income per capita, percentage of individuals using the internet, gross domestic product, total employment, inflation, and population density were selected. A simple OLS and quantile regression model were performed in different percentiles. Furthermore, the findings exposed that variables such as national income per individual, the increase in internet usage, and inflation regulations promote financial inclusion in emerging countries. Whereas, employment displayed a negative effect with the OLS model. However, it presented a positive influence after performing the quantile regression. This implies at a larger scale the employment rate does have a positive impact on the availability of bank branches. Finally, population density presented a neutral effect on the availability of bank branches while the GDP of emerging countries exhibited a negative impact on the availability of bank branches for individuals.
Phenomenological Studies: Adolescent Toxic Relationships
Authors: Rifayanti Rina , Sofia Lisda , Purba Theresia Dwi Uli , Amanda Syakila Putri , Merary Salchania 
Published: November 2022

This study aims to find out the picture of toxic relationships experienced by adolescents dating. This type of research is a type of qualitative research with phenomenological methods. The data collection methods used are interviews and observations. The data collection technique used is the purposive sampling technique. Meanwhile, the data analysis techniques used consist of preparing data, reading the entire data, coding data, applying the results of data coding into themes to be analyzed, presenting themes in the form of narratives, and interpreting data. The results showed that the three subjects, namely az, GN, and RA subjects, experienced toxic relationships while in a courtship relationship. This is influenced by factors from within each of them when deciding to start a relationship. The toxic relationships they have experienced have caused a lot of harm to themselves both in terms of physical, mental, and academic. This makes the three subjects more careful if they want to get to know new people and assume that a toxic relationship can never be repaired.
Exercise Intensity in Track and Level-grade Treadmill Running: A Cross-over Longitudinal Study in Well-trained Athletes
Authors: Longo Aldo F. , Prada Enrique O. , Cardey Marcelo L. , Aquilino Gustavo D. 
Published: November 2022

Heart rate is a conventional indicator of exercise intensity. Diverse studies have reported results of the comparison between the heart rate responses attained during running overground and on a treadmill; non-unanimous conclusions have emerged. The intention of this study was to compare the exercise intensity through heart rate between progressive running tests performed on track and level-grade treadmills. The heart rate responses of twelve highly trained male athletes were analyzed (Age = 24.3±2.7 years). The running protocol had initial and final speeds of 11 km·h−1 and 18 km·h−1, and increments of 0.5 km·h−1 every 200 m. Two tests were performed: on an outdoor 400 m track, and a level-grade motorized treadmill under laboratory conditions. An innovative data analysis approach was proposed, by using a linear mixed-effects model, with the Test and Speed stage and their interaction as fixed factors, and the Subject as a random factor; a suitable correlation structure was also specified. The statistical significance level was set at p < 0.05. The difference between tests was not significant (F = 0.06, p = 0.81). The interaction effect between the Test and Speed stage was also not significant (F = 1.32, p = 0.19). Exercise intensity as measured by heart rate showed similar mean responses in track and level-grade treadmill running across a wide range of speeds in well-trained athletes.
Trunk Rotational Power in Female and Male Athletes of Gymnastics and Dance Sports
Authors: Zemková Erika , Kyselovičová Oľga , Jeleň Michal 
Published: November 2022

Summary
This study investigates between-gender differences in trunk rotational power produced at various loads in athletes of gymnastic and dance sports. A group of 24 female and 15 male competitive aerobic and acrobatic gymnasts, ballroom and rock & roll dancers completed two trials of standing trunk rotations at each side with a barbell of different weights (increasing from 1 kg by ~5 kg up to max. of 20 kg) placed on their shoulders. The power produced during trunk rotations was evaluated using the FiTRO Torso Premium. Results showed significantly higher mean power in the acceleration phase of trunk rotations in male than female athletes at loads of 10.5 kg (206.8 ± 22.0 W and 165.4 ± 17.8 W respectively, p = 0.033), 15.5 kg (231.8 ± 27.5 W and 155.6 ± 24.4 W respectively, p = 0.001) and 20 kg (196.9 ± 25.3 W and 111.4 ± 20.9 W respectively, p = 0.001). Similar significant between-gender differences for angular velocity at weights ≥10.5 kg were observed. Alternatively, power and force were greater at lower velocities in male than female athletes. However, some females were able to produce slightly greater power and force at higher velocities in spite of their lower values at lower velocities when compared to males. This may be ascribed to both the genetic predispositions and the specificity of their acrobatic and dance elements including trunk rotations at various velocities under different load conditions.
Participation and Youth Sport Coaching Good Practice - An Overview and Reflection of the Active Sussex Coach Support Officers Scheme
Authors: Crisp Philippe , Statham Anthony 
Published: November 2022

SummaryIn order to meet a wide variety of social policy objectives (such as health, educational attainment, community cohesion etc.), ensuring wide access to community and youth sport programmes remains an objective of many governments. In the UK, the post 2012 Olympic Legacy Strategy, overseen by Active Partnerships under the auspices of Sport England, promoted Sportivate and Satellite Clubs programmes (aimed at increasing participation levels) through most of the rest of the decade. In order to ensure minimum standards of operation and to develop the skills of the local coaching workforce, Active Sussex (one of the Active Partnerships) commenced a Coach Support Officer (CSO) scheme with the support of the University of Chichester from 2013 to (through various iterations) time of writing. Through a longitudinal reflection/summary of the various interventions and data collection points over the last nine years, we present an overview of this scheme. Further, we outline a clear philosophy, guidelines, and accompanying set of values that extol what can be considered good (best) practice for sustainable community sport and physical activity programmes.
Digital Competencies in Selected European Countries among University and High-School Students: Programming is lagging behind
Authors: Draganac Dragana , Jović Danica , Novak Ana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground:Constant integration of digital technologies in economic and social life is rapidly and significantly shaping and changing our environment and ourselves. To function in such a world, even in daily routines, it is necessary to possess certain digital competencies.Objectives:This paper aims to examine how university and high-school students of economic orientations from selected European countries self-assess their digital competencies, and to analyse the identified differences. This will enable further understanding of university and high-school students’ digital competencies that can serve as guidance for improving teaching practices and curricula.Methods/Approach:A survey was conducted to collect data that were analysed using non-parametric statistic tests (Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test) and Spearman Rank-Order Correlation coefficient.Results:University and high-school students consider to have below intermediate level of digital competencies. High-school students self-assessed digital competencies at a higher level than university students. University students of higher years of study self-assessed digital competencies at a higher level. There is no universal pattern among high-school students of different years of study. University students in the Accounting module and high-school students in the Tourism module assessed their digital competencies at the lowest level in several areas. There is a consistency in self-assessment of digital knowledge and digital skills. Conclusions: The identified below intermediate level of digital competencies and discovered discrepancies indicated the need for educational process improvements to provide university and high-school students with a higher degree of digital competencies. Programming is the most lagging behind in all the observed groups.
Hungarian Sociolinguistics in the Carpathian Basin, 1985–2022
Authors: Kontra Miklós 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUntil about 1985, apart from traditional dialectological research, the study of Hungarian in Hungary focused mostly on the Codified Standard Hungarian variety, whose speakers are powerful in social but not in numerical terms. Sociolinguistic research since 1985 has now resulted in a program which embraces not only the 10 million (largely monolingual) Hungarians in Hungary proper, but also the 3 million bi- or multilingual minority Hungarians in the seven neighboring countries (kin-states). This program was initiated by researchers of the Department of Sociolinguistics in the Linguistics Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. This paper offers linguists who do not read Hungarian an overview of this research carried out between 1985 and 2022.
A Coordination Control between Battery and Supercapacitor Energy Storage Systems to Segregate Power for On-Grid Application
Authors: Sangiri Jeemut Bahan , Bhowmick Supratik , Maiti Suman , Chakraborty Chandan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The present work describes a control methodology for a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) to improve its transient performance under dynamic load conditions. The proposed coordination control enhanced life cycle performance by segregating the power between battery energy storage systems (BESS) and a supercapacitor (SC). The BESS and SC are connected parallel to each other, and two individual DC–DC bidirectional converters connect them to a common DC bus. The coordination control is established between the controllers of BESS and the SC of HESS, which helps to utilise the usable energy capacity of the HESS. The charging/discharging current of the BESS is controlled within the allowable safety range based on the slope and magnitude of the BESS current. The high-frequency power component is handled by the SC, which helps to reduce the extra exhaustion on the BESS during operation with a higher current. The proposed coordination control of HESS is validated through simulation and the results show the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
Influence of Atrial Fibrillation on Two-Year Survival of Patients with Implanted Cardioverter Defibrillator
Authors: Ignjatović Vladimir , Đokić-Nikolić Ivana , Simović Stefan , Đoković Bojana , Jevtić Ema , Smiljanić Zorica , Ignjatović Vesna 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) effectively reduce risk of sudden cardiac death in both primary and secondary prevention, but only a small proportion of patients included in the clinical trials had atrial fibrillation. It is still unclear whether patients with atrial fibrillation have the same benefit from ICD implantation as patients in sinus rhythm. This is a clinical, prospective study which included 210 patients in the period 2014–2018. ICD was implanted in the Clinical Center Kragujevac and a two-year follow-up was performed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: a group in sinus rhythm and a group of patients with atrial fibrillation (paroxysmal, persistent and permanent). At the end of the two-year follow-up, there was no difference in survival between the compared groups. The total number of cardioverter defibrillator activations did not differ between the groups, but a significantly higher number of inappropriate cardioverter defibrillator activations was registered in the group with atrial fibrillation. In most patients who had inappropriate defibrillator activation during the two-year follow-up, appropriate defibrillator activation was also registered.
India’s Policies in Support of the New Space
Authors: Danilin I. V. , Shavlay E. P. 
Published: November 2022

Just like in the Cold War, space has re-emerged as an arena of international rivalry. However, this time, the space industry sees new actors partaking in the race to the top, as the competition is not just between states; commercial players are increasingly taking the field. The latter is not limited to established large companies but includes small and medium-sized innovative enterprises, forming the so-called New Space. Among the countries facing such a multifaceted challenge is India, whose space industry is pursuing a catch-up strategy in many respects and has only recently stepped up the growth of the commercial space segment.Considering the key importance of the public support for this segment, the article discusses the main trends, factors, and specifics of the Indian New Space policy. We use comparative analysis to assess the current state and prospects of the industry and its possible implications for the Indian global positions.The study shows that New Delhi aims to embrace new realities amidst ambitious economic targets, social challenges, and growing geopolitical tensions with China, with the pandemic acting as a catalyst. Thanks to innovative measures, India has already become one of the central space players, but it still falls short of leadership in the New Space due to its resourceconstrained and state-centered course. Nevertheless, although its New Space is still at its infant stage, the future looks promising. However, the success of the Indian astropreneurs will also depend on the rise of efficiency of the national policies – a process likely to happen due to internal and global challenges.