bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on the measurement method of fuel feeding temperature during circulating fluidized bed boiler's start‐up
Authors: Liu Zhihong , Deng Boyu , Zhou Tuo , Huang Zhong , Sun Guorui , Yang Hairui , Zhang Man , Jin Yan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCirculating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler is a high‐efficiency and clean combustion technology that has been developed rapidly in recent years. During the start process, only after the furnace temperature is heated up with fuel oil higher than the fuel feeding temperature, fuel can be fed into it, otherwise, it will easily lead to deflagration accidents in the furnace. While adding fuel too late will increase the unnecessary cost of fuel oil. There are three main methods for measuring fuel feeding temperature in the CFB boiler. The thermogravimetric analysis‐derivative thermogravimetry (TG‐DTG method has the problem of a large gap between the measurement results and the actual boiler fuel feeding temperature. Although the measurement results in the CFB test rig are more accurate, its procedure is more complex and costly. The method of on‐site debugging and measurement has disadvantages such as high measurement cost and poor measurement repeatability. For this reason, this paper designs a simple method to measure fuel feeding temperature in CFB boiler, which has standard operability and lower test cost. The measurement results of variable fuel types were compared with the measurement results of the above three methods, which prove that the results of all samples are close to those in the actual CFB boiler with error within 40°C. It is confirmed that this method can accurately measure the CFB boiler fuel feeding temperature, which is of great significance to the operation of the CFB boiler.
Multifunctional biocompatible films based on pectin‐Ag nanocomposites and PVA: Design, characterization and antimicrobial potential
Authors: Kraskouski Aliaksandr , Hileuskaya Kseniya , Ladutska Alena , Kabanava Volha , Liubimau Aliaksandr , Novik Galina , Nhi Tran Thi Y. , Agabekov Vladimir 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPectin‐Ag nanocomposites with a core‐shell structure are synthesized by the “green chemistry” method based on the reduction of silver nitrate with pectin (amidated, low‐, or high methoxylated) in an alkaline medium at room temperature. TEM and DLS measurements show that the average size of the inorganic core (10–30 nm) and hydrodynamic diameter of the nanocomposite (284.8–649.2 nm) depend on the type of pectin. The films based on pectin‐Ag nanocomposites and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with different molecular weight (30, 66, and 145 kDa) are obtained by casting evaporation technique. A comparative study of their mechanical, optical, degradation and antibacterial properties is carried out. The films with the smaller size of Ag nanocomposite exhibit higher antimicrobial activity against Bacillus strains. The pectin‐Ag/PVA films are loaded with antibiotic kanamycin (KAN). Prolonged release of antibiotic and pronounced (up to full inhibition) antimicrobial effect of pectin‐Ag/PVA/KAN films against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus pumilus, and Bacillus subtilis is due to the formation of pectin‐Ag/KAN complexes. Moreover, pectin‐Ag/PVA/KAN films show high potency against resistant strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The obtained multifunctional films are expected to find promising applications in biomedical engineering and wound healing.
Preparation of BTCA‐esterified cellulose nanocrystals and effects on mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene composites
Authors: Yu Shuxian , Zhao Changjun , Wei Jie , Jia Shuai , Chen Pan , Shao Ziqiang , Lyu Shaoyi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, cross‐linked cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were esterified using 1,2,3,4‐tricarboxylic acid (BTCA) to decrease the hydroxyl content of the nanocellulose, control its hydrophilic/hydrophobic degree, and improve its compatibility with the polypropylene (PP) matrix. The mechanical and physical properties of nanocellulose‐reinforced polypropylene composites were investigated after they were manufactured via melt extrusion using a twin‐screw extruder. FTIR and XPS analysis revealed that the nanocellulose chain was successfully esterified utilizing BTCA. The results from SEM and Mapping demonstrated that the nanocellulose was spread equally throughout the matrix. By characterizing the 5 wt% CNC/PP composite material with DMA and tensile testing devices, the elongation at break decreases, the rigidity increases, and the tensile strength increases to 50.5 MPa, a 25.5% increase over pure polypropylene. Simultaneously, DSC data demonstrated that nanocellulose provided a heterogeneous nucleation site, expedited polypropylene crystallization, and was advantageous for polypropylene processing. According to the results of TG/DTG, esterified CNC/PP composites containing 5% CNC had the highest thermal resistance, with Tonset and Tmax increasing by up to 66 and 11.6°C, respectively, when compared to pure PP. Following a thorough investigation and evaluation of the samples' mechanical and thermal properties, it was determined that BTCA esterification cross‐linking is an effective method for surface modification of nanocellulose, as it increases the compatibility of nanocellulose with polypropylene, improves the mechanical properties of polypropylene, and thus expands its application range.
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new celecoxib analogs as apoptosis inducers and cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitors
Authors: Abdelhaleem Eman F. , Kassab Asmaa E. , El‐Nassan Hala B. , Khalil Omneya M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSeries of new celecoxib analogs were synthesized to assess their anticancer activity against the MCF‐7 cell line. Four compounds, 3a, 3c, 5b, and 5c, showed 1.4–9.2‐fold more potent anticancer activity than celecoxib. The antiproliferative activity of the most potent compounds, 3c, 5b, and 5c, seems to be associated well with their ability to induce apoptosis in MCF‐7 cells (18–24‐fold). This evidence was supported by an increase in the expression of the tumor suppressor gene p53 (4–6‐fold), the elevation in the Bax/BCL‐2 ratio, and a significant increase in the level of active caspase‐7 (4–7‐fold). Moreover, compounds 3c and 5c showed significant cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) inhibitory activity. They were also docked into the crystal structure of the COX‐2 enzyme (PDB ID: 3LN1) to understand their mode of binding.
Association of Decrease in Body Mass Index With Reduced Incidence and Progression of the Structural Defects of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Prospective Multi‐Cohort Study
Authors: Salis Zubeyir , Gallego Blanca , Nguyen Tuan V. , Sainsbury Amanda 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo define the association between change in body mass index (BMI) and the incidence and progression of the structural defects of knee osteoarthritis as assessed by radiography.MethodsRadiographic analyses of knees at baseline and at 4–5 years of follow‐up were obtained from the following 3 independent cohort studies: the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) study, the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study (MOST), and the Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee (CHECK) study. Logistic regression analyses using generalized estimating equations, with clustering of both knees within individuals, were used to investigate the association between change in BMI from baseline to 4–5 years of follow‐up and the incidence and progression of knee osteoarthritis.ResultsA total of 9,683 knees (from 5,774 participants) in an “incidence cohort” and 6,075 knees (from 3,988 participants) in a “progression cohort” were investigated. Change in BMI was positively associated with both the incidence and progression of the structural defects of knee osteoarthritis. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for osteoarthritis incidence was 1.05 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.02–1.09), and the adjusted OR for osteoarthritis progression was 1.05 (95% CI 1.01–1.09). Change in BMI was also positively associated with degeneration (i.e., narrowing) of the joint space and with degeneration of the femoral and tibial surfaces (as indicated by osteophytes) on the medial but not on the lateral side of the knee.ConclusionA decrease in BMI was independently associated with lower odds of incidence and progression of the structural defects of knee osteoarthritis and could be a component in preventing the onset or worsening of knee osteoarthritis.
Wavelet CMAC for MIMO uncertain nonlinear systems using a modified social ski‐driver algorithm
Authors: Lin Chih‐Min , Le Chau‐Tan‐Phat , Huynh Tuan‐Tu , Chao Fei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study uses a Mexican hat wavelet membership function for a cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC) to develop a more efficient adaptive controller for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) uncertain nonlinear systems. The main controller is called the adaptive Mexican hat wavelet CMAC (MWCMAC), and an auxiliary controller is used to remove the residual error. For the MWCMAC, the online learning laws are derived from the gradient descent method. In addition, the learning rate values are very important and have a great impact on the performance of the control system; however, they are difficult to choose accurately. Therefore, a modified social ski driver (SSD) algorithm is proposed to find optimal learning rates for the control parameters. Finally, a magnetic ball levitation system and a nine‐link biped robot are used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed SSD‐based MWCMAC control system. The comparisons with other existing control algorithms have shown the superiority of the proposed control system.
Characterization of the metabolism of aloin A/B and aloesin in rats using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Kong Xin‐Yu , Chen Tong‐Tong , Zhang Hong‐Wu , Jia Hong‐Mei , Yu Meng , Zou Zhong‐Mei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAloin A/B and aloesin are the major bioactive constituents in Aloe vera, with diverse pharmacological activities, including anti‐bacterial, anti‐tumour, anti‐inflammatory and intestinal regulation. However, the in vivo metabolism of aloin A/B and aloesin is still unclear. In this study, the metabolic processes of aloin A/B and aloesin in rats were investigated using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐Q‐TOF/MS) and MetaboLynx™ software with the mass defect filter technique. Based on the proposed method, the prototype components of three compounds were all detected in rat plasma, urine and feces. Meanwhile, 25 aloin A/B metabolites (six phase I, three phase II, 16 phase I combined with phase II) and three aloesin metabolites (two phase I and one phase II) were detected in rats after oral administration of aloin A, aloin B and aloesin, and the main biotransformation reactions were hydroxylation, oxidation, methylation, acetylation and glucuronidation. In addition, aloin A and aloin B can be transformed into each other in vivo and the metabolic profiles of aloin A and aloin B are identical. These results provide essential data for further pharmaceutical research and clinical application of aloin A/B and aloesin.
Validation and psychometric properties of the Farsi version of the fear of COVID‐19 scale among pregnant women
Authors: Jafari Mojtaba , Ameri Ahmad Houra , Nassehi Asra , Repisti Selman , Sharif Nia Hamid , Ghanei Gheshlagh Reza 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe Covid‐19 epidemic, which has become the most challenging issue for health organizations and governments, has led to panic among people, especially pregnant women. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Fear of COVID‐19 Scale (FCV‐19S) on a sample of Iranian pregnant women.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was performed on 500 pregnant women referred to gynecology offices in Tehran. Construct validity was performed using exploratory (with maximum likelihood method and Promax rotation) and confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach's alpha and McDonald omega coefficients were used to examine internal consistency.ResultsThe mean age of the women was 28.98 (SD = 5.86) years. In exploratory factor analysis, two factors were extracted—emotional response and physiological response, which together explained 65.21% of the total variance of fear of Covid‐19. In the confirmatory factor analysis, the final model had a good fit: CMIN/df = 1.515, goodness of fit index (GFI) = 0.981, adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI) = 0.956, normed fit index (NFI) = 0.979, Incremental Fit Index (IFI) = 0.993, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.993, and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.045 (95% CI: 0.001–0.085). Cronbach alpha and McDonald omega coefficients for the first factor were 0.874 and 0.878, and for the second factor were 0.853 and 0.854, respectively.ConclusionThe FCV‐19S in pregnant women has a good construct validity and can be used in various studies.
Carbon neutrality drivers and implications for firm performance and supply chain management
Authors: Zhang Abraham , Tay Huay Ling , Alvi Muhammad Faizan , Wang Jason X. , Gong Yu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMany nations have committed to achieving carbon neutrality to combat climate change, but little is known about its drivers at the micro level and implications for firm performance and supply chain management. To address the knowledge gap, this research conducts case studies of seven early movers in the initiative by exploring the key drivers, influential stakeholders and effects of institutional pressures. We find four major drivers: ‘customer enforcement’, ‘sustainable business value’, ‘environmental legitimacy’ and ‘competitive pressures’. Customers and competitors were the most influential external stakeholders. Shareholders and top management with intrinsic environmental values, being internal stakeholders, played pivotal roles in a proactive move to carbon neutrality when there was limited regulatory pressure. The early movers believed in the long‐term economic benefits of transitioning to carbon neutrality. We also identify the implications of carbon neutrality initiatives for supply chain management. Based on the research findings, we develop a decision support framework to guide firms in transitioning towards carbon neutrality in a multi‐tier supply chain context.
Investigating how online fashion product page design affects the consumer's clothing fit appraisal
Authors: Chrimes Courtney , Boardman Rosy , Vignali Gianpaolo , McCormick Helen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractClothing fit is the most important consideration during the consumer's garment appraisal process but is the primary reason for the extensive number of online returns generated in the fashion industry. This suggests that when shopping online, consumers are not provided with sufficient information about the fit of a garment. This issue is even more imperative now as COVID‐19 has accentuated the shift to shopping for clothing online. Thus, how fashion retailers communicate clothing online is a critical challenge requiring immediate attention. Underpinned by the Stimulus–Organism–Response (S‐O‐R) framework, this research undertakes a between‐subjects factorial web‐experiment to investigate how different types of fit information affect the consumers' online garment evaluations and purchasing decisions. The results from 400 UK female responses show that whilst the presence of diverse body shapes (vs. one body shape) enhances the consumers' garment fit evaluations, it does not increase purchase intentions. Alternatively, verbal fit information in the form of clothing fit reviews (vs. absence) increased product fit diagnosticity but had no significant effect on concerns with fit online or purchase intentions. The results provide novel insights into how fashion retailers can enhance the communication of clothing fit on their product pages.
Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Spice Extract‐Loaded Algal Microcomposites Based on the Microemulsion Technique
Authors: Yildirim Seval Cing , Dincer Aslihan Seyma , Kivilcim Fadime Nulufer 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn recent years, with the increase in knowledge and awareness, people's efforts to return to nature have increased in the field of medical science and cosmetics industry. Spices, sumac and coriander, grown and frequently used in Turkey, have different bioactive effects. Microalgae are preferred in the treatment of skin problems. The aim of this study was to synthesize algae microcomposites that were effective against bacterial infections, prepared based on microemulsion technique and loaded with spice extract. Microemulsion formulations were prepared by the titration method. Aqueous and ethanolic extractions of sumac/coriander were carried out using the ultrasonic‐assisted extraction method. Twenty‐four different algal microcomposites loaded with extracts were synthesized. The disk diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity. The DPPH free radical scavenging activities, the total phenolic content (TPSC), and the characteristics (FT‐IR) of the microcomposites were investigated. In addition, the chemical contents of extracts were determined by the GC/MS method. Aqueous extracts of both sumac and coriander were highly effective against Escherichia coli (ES DII). The highest antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (F6 III) was obtained with M9 (microcomposite containing ethanolic extract of sumac) and M15 (microcomposite containing aqueous extract of coriander). The highest TPSC value (6.025 mg GAE/gr) was detected in the aqueous extract of coriander. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of coriander extracts were lower than those of sumac extracts. It has been determined that the spices contain organic (propanoic, butanoic, malic and benzoic) acids and fatty (palmitic, oleic and myristic) acids. According to the results of FT‐IR spectroscopy, microcomposites prepared with sumac and coriander extracts were successfully synthesized. The synthesized algae‐based microcomposites have properties that could be in the green‐labeled bio‐based category.
Synthesis of Hinokitiol Sulfonate Derivatives and Their Anti‐Oomycete and Nematicidal Activities
Authors: Che Zhiping , Liu Yibo , Chen Luyao , Xing Puhou , Li Xiangdong , Huang Xiaobo , Liu Shengming , Chen Genqiang , Lin Xiaomin , Tian Yuee 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn order to explore novel natural product‐based anti‐oomycete and nematicidal agents, sixteen unreported 2‐sulfonyloxyhinokitiol derivatives were prepared using the principle of active splicing, and structurally confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR), carbon‐13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C‐NMR), high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), and melting point. Moreover, we evaluated the title compounds as anti‐oomycete and nematicidal agents against two serious agricultural pests of Phytophthora capsici and Meloidogyne incongnita. Among the sixteen hinokitiol esters tested: (1) Compounds 3a and 3m exhibited the most potent anti‐oomycete activity compared to zoxamide against P. capsici, and the median effective concentration (EC50) values of 3a, 3m, and zoxamide were 18.64, 21.11, and 23.15 mg/L, respectively; Further studies showed that the existence of seven membered ring and carbonyl group was the necessary condition for the high anti‐oomycete activity of hinokitiol. (2) Compounds 3n and 3p exhibited more promising nematicidal activity than hinokitiol, and the median lethal concentration (LC50) values of 3n, 3p and 1 against M. incongnita were 0.2111, 0.2079, and 0.3933 mg/L, respectively. This result will pave the way for further modification of hinokitiol to develop potential new fungicides and nematicides.
Mechanism‐Based Design of the First GlnA4‐Specific Inhibitors
Authors: Purder Patrick L. , Meyners Christian , Krysenko Sergii , Funk Jonathan , Wohlleben Wolfgang , Hausch Felix 
Published: August 2022

Abstractγ‐Glutamylamine synthetases are an important class of enzymes that play a key role in glutamate‐based metabolism. Methionine sulfoximine (MSO) is a well‐established inhibitor for the archetypal glutamine synthetase (GS) but inhibitors for most GS‐like enzymes are unknown. Assuming a conserved catalytic mechanism for GS and GS‐like enzymes, we explored if subtype‐selective inhibitors can be obtained by merging MSO with the cognate substrates of the respective GS‐like enzymes. Using GlnA4Sc from Streptomyces coelicolor, an enzyme recently shown to produce γ‐glutamylethanolamine, we demonstrate that MSO can be reengineered in a straightforward fashion into potent and selective GlnA4Sc inhibitors. Linkage chemistry as well as linker length between the MSO moiety and the terminal hydroxyl group derived from ethanolamine were in agreement with the postulated phosphorylated catalytic intermediate. The best GlnA4 inhibitor 7 b potently blocked S. coelicolor growth in the presence of ethanolamine as the sole nitrogen source. Our results provide the first GlnA4Sc‐specific inhibitors and suggest a general strategy to develop mechanism‐based inhibitors for GS‐like enzymes.
Appraisal of Ni Species Supported on Porous MgO during Ethanol Steam Reforming by XAS
Authors: Possato Luiz G. , Pulcinelli Sandra H. , Martins Leandro , Briois Valerie , Santilli Celso V. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOperando time‐resolved X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to determine nickel species supported on porous MgO during the ethanol steam reforming reaction. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the nickel K‐edge XAS spectra revealed Ni(OH)2, NiMgO, and metallic Ni during the activation and reaction of the catalysts. The Multivariate Curve Resolution‐Alternating Least Squares (MCR‐ALS) method for the time‐resolved XAS spectra data permitted to calculate the concentration of species during the activation and reaction steps and to determine the formation of NiMgO and nickel reduction degree. The samples prepared with surfactants, Ni10MgO‐F127 and Ni10MgO‐P123, showed less nickel reduction (less than 30 %) but were more active and stable than the reference Ni10MgO catalyst, which reduced 52 %. It happened due to the smaller particle size and a larger specific area of the porous supports. The samples synthesized without Pluronic deactivated, and ethanol dehydrogenation became predominant instead of the ethanol steam reforming.
Carbon Utilization Combined with Carbon Direct Avoidance for Climate Neutrality in Steel Manufacturing
Authors: Kolbe Nina , Cesário Fabrício , Ahrenhold Frank , Suer Julian , Oles Markus 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe European steel industry faces the challenge of transformation to climate neutral steel making over the next decades. A combination of hydrogen‐based direct reduction of iron ore with melter and chemical usage of steel mill gases is discussed. This transformation path allows to reach the climate goals economically with minimized effects on production network and steel quality, additionally providing sustainable feedstocks for the chemical industry.
An Electrocatalytic Strategy for Dehydrogenative [4 + 2] Cycloaddition over a Cobalt‐Based Catalyst
Authors: Xue Xiaomeng , Wang Ye , Zhou Lina , Ge Ruixiang , Yang Jiangrong , Kong Xianggui , Xu Ming , Li Zhenhua , Ma Lina , Duan Haohong 
Published: August 2022

Comprehensive SummaryExploring the anodic reaction to substitute conventional oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for the synthesis of complex pharmaceutical molecules is highly attractive. Here, we report an electrocatalytic strategy for dehydrogenative [4 + 2] cycloaddition of N,N‐dialkylanilines with maleimides via dual functionalization of both C(sp3)‐H and C(sp2)‐H bonds, by using an electrochemically activated cobalt carbonate hydroxide hydrate supported on carbon cloth (CCHH‐A/CC), affording various tetrahydroquinolines with high yields. This electrochemical transformation proceeds with high activity and stability, as well as good substrate compatibility. Mechanism study shows that α‐aminoalkyl radical exists in the electrooxidation reaction. This strategy shows significant potential for the synthesis of valuable chemicals by using an electrocatalytic strategy.