bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reexperiencing and anxious arousal symptoms in relation to volumes of thalamus nuclei in posttraumatic stress spectrum adults
Authors: Casteen Emily J. , Nielsen Sienna R. , Olson Elizabeth A. , Frederiks Kevin , Rosso Isabelle M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionTrauma reexperiencing is dominated by recollection of sensory‐perceptual elements of the trauma, pointing to involvement of the sensory thalamus. This study examined posttraumatic stress symptoms in relation to volumes of thalamic nuclei that were grouped based on their predominant functions. We hypothesized that reexperiencing, controlling for other symptom dimensions, would correlate with volumes of thalamic nuclei involved in primary and higher‐order sensory processing.MethodsSeventy‐two trauma‐exposed adults were interviewed with the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM‐IV and underwent 3T magnetic resonance imaging. Scores were derived for reexperiencing, anxious arousal, dysphoric arousal, emotional numbing, and avoidance symptoms. These were entered as simultaneous predictors in five separate regression analyses, with age, sex, and total thalamus volume as covariates, predicting volumesf of five thalamus nuclear groupings corrected for intracranial volume: Specific sensory, associative‐sensory, associative‐cognitive, intralaminar, and motor groupings.ResultsReexperiencing symptoms were significantly positively correlated with volumes of the motor thalamic grouping, which included the ventral anterior, ventral lateral, and ventromedial nuclei. Anxious arousal was significantly negatively correlated with volumes of all five thalamic groupings.ConclusionsReexperiencing symptoms were correlated with volumes of the motor thalamus, while anxious arousal symptoms were related to all thalamic subregion volumes. Thalamic nuclei involved in motor functions, including oculomotor control and motor planning, may be implicated in posttraumatic reexperiencing symptoms.
Exploring the link between cognitive deficit, self‐esteem, alexithymia, and depressive symptom of schizophrenia
Authors: He Chen , Zhang Xueying , Xia Qingrong , Gao Hua , Yan Junwei , Chen Xuequan , Yuan Hui , Zhang Yang , Xie Wen , Zhu Cuizhen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo the best of our knowledge, studies have been rarely conducted to assess the correlation between cognitive deficit, self‐esteem, and alexithymia in the depressive symptoms of schizophrenia (SCZ). Therefore, this study aims to explore the risk factors associated with impairment of cognitive function, alexithymia, and self‐esteem among a representative sample of first‐episode schizophrenic patients.MethodWe recruited 107 first‐episode schizophrenic patients (48.6% male, 51.4% female, 36.94 ± 10.73 years) into the research group, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th edition). A total of 45 healthy people (51.1% male, 48.9% female, 32.47 ± 10.94 years) were enlisted in the healthy control group. Psychotic symptoms were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Cognitive functions were estimated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA). The feelings of respect and self‐acceptance were tested using the Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale (RSES). Emotion of identifying and describing were measured by self‐report scale of Toronto Alexithymia Scale‐20 (TAS‐20).ResultsOverall cognitive impairment and alexithymia were found more serious in the patients of SCZ than the healthy group (p < .001, respectively). The patients of SCZ have higher self‐esteem than the healthy group (p = .013). Total score of MoCA, ability of visual space and executive function, and delayed recall were explored had negatively correlation with alexithymia (r = −.319, p = .001; r = −.248, p = .010; r = −0.263, p = .006). Total score of RSES and depressive symptoms of PANSS had a positive correlation with alexithymia (r = .394, p = .001; r = .208, p = .032). Stepwise regression analyses have shown a positive relationship between difficulty describing feelings and depression subscale of PANSS (β = .188, t = −2.007, p = .047) while a negative relationship between externally oriented thinking and depression subscale of PANSS (β = −.244, t = −2.603, p = .011). A positive link correlation also was found between the total scores of TAS and RSES (β = .372, t = 4.144, p = .001). A negative relevance was found between the total scores of TAS and scores of MoCA (β = −.305, t = −3.348, p = .001).ConclusionOverall impairment of cognitive function and alexithymia are commonly encountered in SCZ patients. Poor cognitive function, alexithymia, and high level self‐esteem may be specific detective risk factors for the depressive symptoms of SCZ.
AeS‐GCN: Attention‐enhanced semantic‐guided graph convolutional networks for skeleton‐based action recognition
Authors: Xu Qing , Liu Feng , Fu Ziwang , Zhou Aimin , Qi Jiayin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSkeleton‐based action recognition has been extensively studied in recent years and applied in virtual reality, detection systems and other cases with strong requirements for low cost as well as high accuracy, but most of the existing methods mainly focus on complex architecture of deep neural networks without considering computation efficiency. To balance accuracy and computation cost well, this paper proposes a simple and efficient attention‐enhanced semantic‐guided graph convolutional network (AeS‐GCN) for skeleton‐based action recognition. Firstly, we fuse semantics of joint type and frame index and dynamics together as representation of skeleton. Then, we use spatial attention block (SAB) to explore important features in spatial structure, in which adaptive GCN layer is adopted to adaptively model skeleton topology structure. Next, we use temporal attention block (TAB) to extract latent temporal information. The model proposed is a lightweight network and achieves the state‐of‐the‐art performance on mainstream datasets with less parameters and less computational complexity.
Holographic sign language avatar interpreter: A user interaction study in a mixed reality classroom
Authors: Yang Fu‐Chia , Mousas Christos , Adamo Nicoletta 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe explored user interactions with a holographic sign language interpreter in a mixed reality (MR) classroom for deaf and hard of hearing students. The developed MR application projects a holographic signing avatar that translates in real time the lecture while a speaking instructor is teaching. Our study explored user interaction with the MR system, intending to provide design guidelines for digital MR sign language interpreters. We recruited eight participants and conducted a usability test focused on avatar framing (full‐body vs. half‐body) and avatar manipulation (fixed position, scale, and orientation vs. user‐adjustable position, scale, and orientation) in the MR classroom. We used a mixed‐method approach to analyze quantitative and qualitative data through recordings, surveys, and interviews. The results show user preferences toward viewing holographic signing avatars in the MR environment and user acceptability toward such applications.
SARS‐CoV‐2 omicron variant may present with severe sickle cell painful crisis: A report of two cases
Authors: Ali Elrazi , Hatim Ahmed , Yassin Mohamed 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a respiratory viral illness that is caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). The disease often presents with non‐specific symptoms such as fever, headache, and fatigue, accompanied by respiratory symptoms (e.g., cough and dyspnea) and other systemic involvement. Currently, the virus had shown significant changes and mutations that resulted in the emergence of different strains. Each strain varies in its virulence, disease severity, and the response of the body's immune system. Sickle cell disease characterized by hemolytic anemia particularly in associated with stress. Patients with sickle cell disease infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 are reported to have increased risk for hospitalization, thrombosis, and other complications compared with non‐sickle cell patients. The Omicron variant causes mild disease in general population; however, in patients with sickle cell disease, the data are limited. We present two patients known to have sickle cell disease presented with a severe acute painful crisis that required hospitalization after infection with Omicron variant of the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus.
Tracheobronchitis in patients with diffuse wall thickening: Three case reports
Authors: Taniguchi Hirokazu , Masaki Yasuaki , Tsuda Takeshi , Abo Hitoshi , Muto Atsushi , Shimizu Mami , Takata Naoki , Uchiyama Akio , Aikawa Akane , Ishizawa Shin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe herein report the cases of three patients with chest symptoms or fever and diffuse wall thickening of the trachea and main bronchi on chest CT. They were diagnosed with various causes of inflammations of the trachea and main bronchi using bronchial or tracheal biopsy specimens and flexible bronchoscopy.
Foam in Absorption Columns with Structured Packings – Part 2: Inhibition and Destruction
Authors: Leuner Hannes , Gerke Sören Jakob , Illner Markus , Repke Jens-Uwe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFoam in absorption and distillation processes is one of the main reasons for malfunctions in columns including higher pressure loss, lower throughput, and lower mass transfer rates leading to a reduction in the separation efficiency. This study evaluates different foam management solutions aiming at a foam‐reduced operation of columns with structured packings based on fundamental investigations. Firstly, the effect of spacers between structured packing layers is presented as a passive foam inhibition method. Secondly, the ability of acoustic waves at low frequencies around 50 s−1 (Hz) destructing existing foam in columns is analyzed and discussed. This method is able to reduce the pressure loss by –56 % and increase the corresponding F‐factor by +22 % in a DN300 column in continuous operation.
Risk‐reducing surgery in unaffected individuals receiving cancer genetic testing in an integrated health care system
Authors: Knerr Sarah , Guo Boya , Mittendorf Kathleen F. , Feigelson Heather Spencer , Gilmore Marian J. , Jarvik Gail P. , Kauffman Tia L. , Keast Erin , Lynch Frances L. , Muessig Kristin R. , Okuyama Sonia , Veenstra David L. , Zepp Jamilyn M. , Goddard Katrina A. B. , Devine Beth 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundGermline genetic testing enables primary cancer prevention, including through prophylactic surgery. We examined risk‐reducing surgeries in unaffected individuals tested for hereditary cancer susceptibly between 2010 and 2018 in the Kaiser Permanente Northwest health system.MethodsWe used an internal genetic testing database to create a cohort of individuals who received tests including one or more high‐penetrance hereditary cancer susceptibility gene. We then identified, after testing, bilateral mastectomy, bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy (BSO), and total hysterectomy procedures in electronic health record and claims data through 2019. We describe surgery utilization by genetic test results and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines.ResultsThe cohort included 1020 individuals, 16% with pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants in one or more of the following genes: BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, APC, MUTYH, ATM, MSH2, PALB2, BRIP1, MLH1, MSH6, EPCAM, FLCN, RAD51C, RAD51D, or TP53. Among individuals with P/LP variants making them candidates for mastectomy, BSO, or hysterectomy per NCCN guidelines, 34% (33/97), 24% (23/94), and 8% (1/12), respectively, underwent surgery during follow‐up. Fifty‐three percent (18/37) of hysterectomies were among APC, BRCA1, and BRCA2 P/LP variant heterozygotes, typically concurrent with BSO. Three individuals with variants of uncertain significance (only) and 22 with negative results had prophylactic surgery after genetic testing.ConclusionsUptake of risk‐reducing surgery following usual care genetic testing appears to be lower than in studies that actively recruit high‐risk patients and provide testing and follow‐up care in specialized settings. Factors in addition to genetic test results and NCCN guidelines motivate prophylactic surgery use and deserve further study.
Impact of tunnel gate process variations on analog/radio frequency (microwave) and small signal parameters of hetero‐material tunneling interfaced charge plasma junctionless tunnel field effect transistor
Authors: Sharma Samriti , Chaujar Rishu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a dual metal gate, hetero‐material tunneling interfaced junctionless tunnel field effect transistor (TFET), (DMG‐HJLTFET), utilizing III–V compound semiconducting materials, InAs (low band‐gap source material)/GaAs (higher band‐gap channel and drain material) by applying the band‐gap and dual material gate engineering. The 2‐D TCAD simulations have been executed to explore the impact of tunnel gate process variations—work function and length on DC and analog figure of merits (FOMs) of DMG‐HJLTFET. The extracted result parameters have also been compared to SMG (single metal gate)‐HJLTFET and conventional Si‐JLTFET. The DMG‐HJLTFET attains improved ON current in the range of 88.5 × 10−6 A/μm and OFF current remains as low as 2.89 × 10−16 A/μm. It exhibits a high current switching ratio of 3.1 × 1011 as compared to SMG‐HJLTFET (ION = 24 × 10−6 A/μm and ION/IOFF = 1.4 × 1011) and Si‐JLTFET (ION = 7 × 10−6 A/μm and ION/IOFF = 1.8 × 106). Further, the radio frequency/microwave (RF) parameters such as power gains (h12, UPG, and Gma), fmax, and GBP have been compared for all three aforementioned devices. Moreover, the small signal admittance (Y) parameters have been examined to explore the possible scope of DMG‐HJLTFET for future internet of everything communications and fast switching applications.
Scalable manufacturing of leaf‐like MXene/Ag NWs/cellulose composite paper electrode for all‐solid‐state supercapacitor
Authors: Tang Hao , Chen Ruwei , Huang Quanbo , Ge Wenjiao , Zhang Xiaoqian , Yang Yang , Wang Xiaohui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFreestanding films with high strength and conductivity are critical for flexible electronics, such as supercapacitors. Herein, inspired from the natural leaf, a freestanding paper is constructed through fast vacuum filtration by “mesophylls‐like” MXene (Ti3C2TX) nanosheets and “vein‐like” cellulose filaments and silver nanowires (Ag NWs). The produced nanocomposite paper with 25 wt% Ti3C2TX and 8 wt% Ag NWs (PMxAg25‐8) exhibits high conductivity (58 843 S m−1) and excellent mechanical properties (Tensile strength of 34 MPa and Young's modulus of 6 GPa), which arises from the synergistic effects of the interactions between cellulose and MXene and the three‐dimensional interpenetrating frameworks. This interpenetrating framework can further benefit the electrochemical performance of the nanocomposite papers and the foldable paper electrode presents a high capacitance of 505 F g−1 with only 25 wt% MXene. This work paves the way for the fast fabrication of strong and multifunctional MXene macro‐assembly for flexible electronics by conventional papermaking process.image
A simplified analytical approach for the clear height in compartment fire based on a two‐layer zone model
Authors: Cheng Chi Honn , Chow Cheuk Lun , Chow Wan Ki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCompartment fire is an important research area in fire science and fire safety. Owing to its simplicity, the zone model remains attractive in studying compartment fire. Although computer software packages for the two‐layer zone are in popular use, a basic understanding of the physical phenomena involved and the mathematical formulation thereon would benefit users of the zone model in terms of critical judgement of software outputs, which could be unreasonable, and insight of the general trends of important variables. In general, the differential equations based on a two‐layer zone model have no analytical solutions and numerical methods are required. However, stiffness is present in using numerical methods to solve these differential equations, and reliable results are obtained only when very small time steps are used in computation. Nevertheless, in some special cases, analytical solution for the clear height in the zone model exists, as demonstrated in the present study. Predicted values of smoke layer height in the present approach are shown to be in good agreement with experimental results reported in the literature. The present work would provide insight into the tenability condition of a compartment on fire and is an important issue in fire safety management.
Effect of neuroanatomy on corticomotor excitability during and after transcranial magnetic stimulation and intermittent theta burst stimulation
Authors: Mittal Neil , Thakkar Bhushan , Hodges Cooper B. , Lewis Connor , Cho Yeajin , Hadimani Ravi L. , Peterson Carrie L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIndividual neuroanatomy can influence motor responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and corticomotor excitability after intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS). The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between individual neuroanatomy and both TMS response measured using resting motor threshold (RMT) and iTBS measured using motor evoked potentials (MEPs) targeting the biceps brachii and first dorsal interosseus (FDI). Ten nonimpaired individuals completed sham‐controlled iTBS sessions and underwent MRI, from which anatomically accurate head models were generated. Neuroanatomical parameters established through fiber tractography were fiber tract surface area (FTSA), tract fiber count (TFC), and brain scalp distance (BSD) at the point of stimulation. Cortical magnetic field induced electric field strength (EFS) was obtained using finite element simulations. A linear mixed effects model was used to assess effects of these parameters on RMT and iTBS (post‐iTBS MEPs). FDI RMT was dependent on interactions between EFS and both FTSA and TFC. Biceps RMT was dependent on interactions between EFS and and both FTSA and BSD. There was no groupwide effect of iTBS on the FDI but individual changes in corticomotor excitability scaled with RMT, EFS, BSD, and FTSA. iTBS targeting the biceps was facilitatory, and dependent on FTSA and TFC. MRI‐based measures of neuroanatomy highlight how individual anatomy affects motor system responses to different TMS paradigms and may be useful for selecting appropriate motor targets when designing TMS based therapies.
A critical review of the application of polymer of low concern regulatory criteria to fluoropolymers II: Fluoroplastics and fluoroelastomers
Authors: Korzeniowski Stephen H. , Buck Robert C. , Newkold Robin M. , kassmi Ahmed El , Laganis Evan , Matsuoka Yasuhiko , Dinelli Bertrand , Beauchet Severine , Adamsky Frank , Weilandt Karl , Soni Vijay Kumar , Kapoor Deepak , Gunasekar Priyanga , Malvasi Marco , Brinati Giulio , Musio Stefana 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Fluoropolymers are a distinct class of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), high molecular weight (MW) polymers with fluorine attached to their carbon-only backbone. Fluoropolymers possess a unique combination of properties and unmatched functional performance critical to the products and manufacturing processes they enable and are irreplaceable in many uses. Fluoropolymers have documented safety profiles; are thermally, biologically, and chemically stable, negligibly soluble in water, nonmobile, nonbioavailable, nonbioaccumulative, and nontoxic. Although fluoropolymers fit the PFAS structural definition, they have very different physical, chemical, environmental, and toxicological properties when compared with other PFAS. This study describes the composition, uses, performance properties, and functionalities of 14 fluoropolymers, including fluoroplastics and fluoroelastomers, and presents data to demonstrate that they satisfy the widely accepted polymer hazard assessment criteria to be considered polymers of low concern (PLC). The PLC criteria include physicochemical properties, such as molecular weight, which determine bioavailability and warn of potential hazard. Fluoropolymers are insoluble (e.g., water, octanol) solids too large to migrate into the cell membrane making them nonbioavailable, and therefore, of low concern from a human and environmental health standpoint. Further, the study results demonstrate that fluoropolymers are a distinct and different group of PFAS and should not be grouped with other PFAS for hazard assessment or regulatory purposes. When combined with an earlier publication by Henry et al., this study demonstrates that commercial fluoropolymers are available from the seven participating companies that meet the criteria to be considered PLC, which represent approximately 96% of the global commercial fluoropolymer market. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:326–354. © 2022 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Mosaic Deletions of Known Genes Explain Skeletal Dysplasias With High and Low Bone Mass
Authors: Muurinen Mari , Taylan Fulya , Tournis Symeon , Eisfeldt Jesper , Balanika Alexia , Vastardis Heleni , Ala‐Mello Sirpa , Mäkitie Outi , Costantini Alice 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTMosaicism, a state in which an individual has two or more genetically distinct populations of cells in the body, can be difficult to detect because of either mild or atypical clinical presentation and limitations in the commonly used detection methods. Knowledge of the role of mosaicism is limited in many skeletal disorders, including osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis (OSCS) and cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD). We used whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) with coverage >40× to identify the genetic causes of disease in two clinically diagnosed patients. In a female patient with OSCS, we identified a mosaic 7‐nucleotide frameshift deletion in exon 2 of AMER1, NM_152424.4:c.855_861del:p.(His285Glnfs*7), affecting 8.3% of the WGS reads. In a male patient with CCD, approximately 34% of the WGS reads harbored a 3710‐basepair mosaic deletion, NC_000006.11:g.45514471_45518181del, starting in intron 8 of RUNX2 and terminating in the 3′ untranslated region. Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction was used to validate these deletions and quantify the absolute level of mosaicism in each patient. Although constitutional variants in AMER1 and RUNX2 are a known cause of OSCS and CCD, respectively, the mosaic changes here reported have not been described previously. Our study indicates that mosaicism should be considered in unsolved cases of skeletal dysplasia and should be investigated with comprehensive and sensitive detection methods. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.