bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of methodological principles of routing in networks of special communication in conditions of fire storm and radio-electronic suppression
Authors: Sova Oleg , Zhuravskyi Yurii , Vakulenko Yuliia , Shyshatskyi Andrii , Salnikova Olha , Nalapko Oleksii 
Published: June 2022

Decision making support systems are actively used in the processing of large data sets, process forecasting, providing information support to the decision-making process by decision-makers. However, there are problems with the transmission of information: the transmission of information takes place in a complex electronic environment against the background of interference; radio communication systems are the objects of primary fire damage due to high radio visibility. This article develops the methodological principles of routing in special communication networks in the conditions of fire damage and electronic suppression. The purpose of this research is to increase the efficiency of information transfer under the influence of destabilizing factors. The proposed methodological principles are based on the theory of artificial intelligence. The research presents a mathematical formulation of the problem of routing in special-purpose radio networks and developed a method of routing in special-purpose radio networks.
The efficiency of information processing is achieved through training in the architecture of artificial neural networks; taking into account the type of uncertainty of the information to be assessed; use of the ant algorithm. The approbation of the use of the offered technique on the example of the estimation of information transfer in the conditions of influence of destabilizing factors is carried out. The proposed methodological principles should be used in the development of software for programmable devices of communication and in the modernization of existing and development of new radio communication devices. This example showed an increase in the efficiency of information transmission in radio communication systems at the level of 15–25 % on the criterion of efficiency
Numerical modeling and experimental evaluation of machining parameters for 2-dimensions ultrasonic-assisted micro-milling at low and high-speed machining
Authors: Libyawati Wina , Kiswanto Gandjar , Saragih Agung Shamsuddin , Ko Tae Jo 
Published: June 2022

Vibration assisted machining (VAM) is one of the hybrid machining processes for improving the machined surface quality. VAM performance is mainly influenced by the combination of machining and vibration control parameters, where surface roughness value (Ra) became the benchmarking indicator. It is difficult to determine the optimum parameter combination to produce high precision products, especially for micro-milling, due to the interconnected correlation among parameters. The benefits of high-speed machining with VAM are high material removal rate and shorter machining time than low-speed machining. VAM operation at high-speed machining is still limited due to the high possibility of chatter occurrence. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate the 2D VAM resonant performance at low-speed and high-speed machining, operated at ultrasonic vibration and amplitude below one μm. The mathematical model and experimental evaluate the vibration effect based on machining mode, amplitude, and spindle speed variation. The mathematical modelling and experiment result complement each other, where the mathematical model can characterize the effect of resonant vibration, amplitude, and spindle speed increment on the tool path trajectory. The 2D resonant vibration at the feed direction causes interrupting cutting and transforms the tool path trajectory from linear to wavy. The mathematical model and experiment result show the dominant influence of spindle speed and feed rate on the toolpath trajectory and Ra, where low spindle speed and feed rate result in better machine surface roughness. The low-speed machining with VAM results in Ra value between 0.1–0.155 μm, which is below the high-speed machining result, between 0.2–0.38 μm
Research on quantification method of water pollution ecological environment losses
Authors: Lv Cuimei , Jue Yabo , Guo Xi , Ling Minhua , Yan Denghua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Economic and social development have worsened the situation of water pollution and even the ecological environment. It is helpful to quantify the water pollution ecological environment losses for decision-makers to formulate reasonable pollution control plans. However, the current quantitative analyses led by economic methods are not comprehensive and systematic. Therefore, based on the emergy theory and method system of eco-economics, this study analyzed the internal energy flow process of the water-polluted ecosystem, discussed the composition of water-polluted ecological environment loss, and proposed a quantitative model of water-polluted ecological environment loss based on the emergy analysis method. It can reasonably quantify the ecological environment loss caused by water pollution and provide a reference for optimizing regional industrial layout, scientifically formulating pollution control planning, and promoting the sustainable development of the ecosystem. Taking Kaifeng City in Henan Province as an example, the rationality of the model is verified. The results show that the annual average total energy value of water pollution ecological environment loss in Kaifeng City is 3.83 × 1020sej, equivalent to 145 million yuan (0.76) of Kaifeng's gross domestic product (GDP) in 2018.
Effect of blocked sediments on flow characteristics and associated backwater effect in drainage pipes
Authors: Sun Bin , Tong An , Yang Runzhi , Chen Shizhe , Li Zhiwei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The study of hydraulic characteristics of water flow affected by blocked sediment is vital to assess discharge capacity in pipes with sediment sand to understand the process of pollutant and fine sand aggregation. The aim of this paper is to study the blocking effect of permeable sediments on non-full flow in circular pipe and to analyze hydraulic characteristics with backwater. Experiments and numerical simulations were performed and the porous media model is used to simulate the flow in permeable blocked sediments. To evaluate the degree of congestion, the backwater ratio β is proposed. The backwater ratio is positively proportional to blocked sediment height and inversely proportional to blocked sediment particle size and flow value. Cross-sectional velocity in the backwater zone decreases significantly and tends to be uniform as backwater ratio increases. Furthermore, the development of secondary flows and velocity distributions influenced by backwater height is discussed. The dimensionless shear velocity in backwater zone shows an exponential decrease as the backwater ratio increases, which greatly increases the possibility of further sediment deposition.
Contraste léxico-morfológico de dos variedades del QIIA Yungay: Laraos y Lincha
Authors: Cariat Fernández Karen Belén , Cano Anchorena Myluz Danithza , Jiménez Bernales Renzo Adrián , Ramos Leyva Yely Roxana 
Published: June 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación constituye un contraste léxico-morfológico de dos variedades del quechua de Yauyos (Laraos y Lincha: Yauyos norte y sur, respectivamente) y la consiguiente reevaluación de su filiación al grupo QIIA central. Se tiene como objetivo contrastar rasgos morfológicos de los dialectos de Lincha y Laraos para evaluar su filiación al QII. Asimismo, se pretende precisar la tendencia que muestran a nivel lexical. Para ello, se tomaron en cuenta los datos presentados por Taylor (1984) y Shimelman (2017), además de diversos cuentos de las variantes quechuas de Laraos y Lincha, recopilados por los mismos autores. Los resultados de esta investigación muestran que la caracterización morfológica y el repertorio léxico de los dialectos de Yauyos están relacionados con la proximidad geográfica a un subconjunto QI o QII, pero no son determinados por ello.
GC-MS Identification and Quantification of the Synthetic Cannabinoid MDMB-4en-
PINACA in Cannabis-derived Material Seized in the Turin Metropolitan Area
(Italy)
Authors: Gerace Enrico , Seganti Fabrizio , Di Corcia Daniele , Vincenti Marco , Salomone Alberto 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The presence of the synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist MDMB-4en-PINACA in
adulterated low-THC cannabis products was recently highlighted in several reports. Moreover, numerous intoxication
cases involving MDMB-4en-PINACA have been described.

Objective:
In order to monitor the diffusion of cannabis products containing MDMB-4en-PINACA in our territory,
a total of 358 cannabis-derived samples (213 vegetal material and 145 resins) seized in the period November
2020 - February 2021 in the western Piedmont Area (Italy) was analyzed.

Methods:
General screening analyses for traditional and synthetic cannabinoids were performed by a GC-MS
device operating in full scan mode (40-600 amu). The MDMB-4en-PINACA was quantified by means of a specific
GC-SIM-MS protocol purposely developed and validated, while the quantification of THC, CBD, and
CBN was carried out by a GC-SIM-MS method routinely employed in our laboratory.

Results:
MDMB-4en-PINACA was detected in 12 out of 358 samples (3.4% of the total). Among these, the
molecule was found in 11 vegetal materials and in one resin sample. Considering solely the analysis of the 213
herb products, a positive rate of 5.2% was found for the presence of MDMB-4en-PINACA in these samples.
MDMB-4en-PINACA was found in the seized materials at concentration levels ranging from 0.4 up to 6.3 mg/g
(mean 2.5 mg/g; median 1.7 mg/g). Concerning the traditional cannabinoids, the THC concentration was in the
interval 3-43 mg/g (mean 12 mg/g; median 7 mg/g), while CBD was found at higher concentrations in all specimens,
specifically in the range 47-140 mg/g (mean 87 mg/g; median 80 mg/g).

Conclusions:
The adulteration of low-THC cannabis products with synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists is
widespread today. Since these substances are potentially more toxic than THC, their consumption poses a high
risk of overdose for unaware users and a health-threatening situation. This study confirmed the sporadic presence
on the market of CBD-prevalent cannabis products adulterated with MDMB-4en-PINACA.
The Anti-hyperuricemia and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Atractylodes
Macrocephala in Hyperuricemia and Gouty Arthritis Rat Models
Authors: Luo Yiyuan , Qian Xvwu , Jiang Ying , Jiang Yuchen 
Published: June 2022

Aims:
Atractylodes macrocephala is a traditional Chinese medicine with a variety of
pharmacological activities. This study aimed to evaluate its anti-hyperuricemia and antiinflammatory
effects on gout, and to preliminarily explore its mechanism.

Methods:
The hyperuricemia rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of oteracil potassium
and intragastric gavage of yeast powder solution. And the acute gouty arthritis (GA) model
was established by injecting monosodium urate (MSU) suspension. In the study of the antihyperuricemia
effect of Atractylodes macrocephala, the healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly
divided into the blank group, hyperuricemia group allopurinol group as well as low, moderate
and high dose groups of Atractylodes macrocephala decoction (N=8 rats in each group). Serum, liver
and kidney tissue samples were collected from each group. Serum uric acid (UA), adenosine deaminase
(ADA) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) levels in each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA). Protein levels of ADA and XOD in liver tissues were detected by Western
blot, and renal histological changes were observed by Hematoxylin-eosin (H＆E) and Masson
staining. In order to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Atractylodes macrocephala, the
healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the blank group, GA group, colchicine
group, high, moderate and low dose groups of Atractylodes macrocephala decoction (N=8 rats in each
group), and serum and synovial tissue of each group were collected. Then the level of serum interleukin
(IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was observed by ELISA, and the histological changes
of synovial tissue were observed by H＆E staining. Besides, the expression of adenosine monophosphate-
activated protein kinase (AMPK) /silent information regulator (SIRT) 1/ nuclear factor kappa B
(NF-κB) protein in synovial tissue was observed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The
markers of M1 and M2 macrophages, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase-1 (ARG1)
were observed by Western blot and immunofluorescence.

Results:
Atractylodes macrocephala could reduce the production of UA by inhibiting the level of
ADA and XOD, and could improve renal injury and fibrosis. In addition, Atractylodes macrophages
could reduce the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α, activate AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway, and inhibit
the activation of NF-κB and the polarization of macrophages to a pro-inflammatory phenotype.

Conclusion:
Atractylodes macrocephala shows good anti-hyperuricemic and anti-inflammatory effects,
and its anti-inflammation pharmacological activity may be related to the inhibition of M1
macrophage polarization and NF-κB activation through activating AMPK/SIRT1.
Giant Vertebral Artery Aneurysm in Behçet’s Disease: A Rare Case and
Review of the Literature
Authors: Topaloğlu Ömer Faruk , Kılınçer Abidin , Nayman Alaaddin 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Behçet's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that can involve systemic organs and vascular structures. Arterial system involvement is rarer than the venous system, it is the major cause of death. Vertebral artery (VA) involvement is rare and there are a limited number of reported cases in the literature. In this report, we aimed to present the imaging findings of a case of Behçet's disease with a giant aneurysm originating from the right VA.

Case report:
A 35-year-old woman with a 10-year history of Behçet's disease applied to our center with complaints of pain on the right side of the neck. CT angiography showed a 7.5x6.5 cm sized saccular aneurysm in the superior of the right hemithorax adjacent to the mediastinum, with contrast filling the V1 segment of the VA. The VA aneurysm in our case had no relation with the subclavian artery and showed filling from the contralateral VA. The described findings were demonstrated in Doppler examination, phase-contrast MRI, conventional and CT angiography.

Conclusion:
Behçet's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that can involve the arterial system. Although VA involvement has not been reported frequently, all arterial structures may be affected by this vasculitic process.
Simultaneous Determination of Benzo(a)pyrene, Benzo(a)anthracene, Benzo(
b)fluoranthene, and Chrysene in Tocotrienol Concentrates Using Dual
Solid-phase Extraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Hor Jia Yi , Hassan Norfarizah Hanim , Zulkarnain Musfirah , Latip Razam Abd , Nidzam Mohammad Saiful , Wong Yong Foo 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of toxic compounds commonly
found in edible vegetable oils as a result of contamination through food processing. Among the wide variety
of PAHs existing in edible oils, benzo(a)pyrene (BAP), benzo(a)anthracene (BAA), benzo(
b)fluoranthene (BBF), and chrysene (CHR) are commonly monitored due to their toxicity, carcinogenic
and teratogenic properties.

Materials and Methods:
In this context, we described a combination of liquid-liquid extraction and dual
cartridge solid-phase extraction (dSPE) system for the extraction of BAP, BAA, BBF, and CHR in palm
oil derived tocotrienol rich fraction (T3RF), followed by their analysis using GC-MS operating in selected
ion monitoring mode (SIM).

Results:
The separation was effected using a DB-5HT column (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm) that can operate
at a high temperature limit of 400 °C, which enables the separation of the PAHs in < 28 min. The
calibration curves were correlated within the range of 1.5-25 μg/ L, with detection limits (S/N: 3.3) of
0.48-1.35 μg/L, and relative standard deviations of ≤ 0.07% and ≤ 6.85% were achieved for intra-day
retention times and peak areas.

Conclusion:
The proposed sample preparation and GC-SIM workflow greatly reduces interference
caused by tocotrienol homologues and enables the quantitative determination of BAP, BAA, BBF, and
CHR in T3RF and palm fatty acid distillates.
Surface Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized via
Chemical Route
Authors: Srivastava Soamyaa , Manjhi Jayanand 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Zinc oxide nanoparticles belong to the new age of nanomaterials; they are
being used tremendously for the advancements of biomedicine and modern therapeutic interventions.

Purpose:
The current antimicrobial treatment methods fail on various levels. Thus, the recent study is
dedicated to synthesizing stable zinc oxide nanoparticles. Therefore, the application of zinc oxide nanoparticles
as an alternative treatment option is explored.

Methods:
In the current research, fabrication of zinc oxide nanoparticles is carried out via the wet
chemical method. To further confirm the purity and stability of the synthesized material, characterization
was performed via zeta potential analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry,
transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.

Result:
SEM and TEM revealed the spherical structure of zinc oxide nanoparticles, also having slight
agglomeration at a few points. The thermal stability was tested via thermogravimetric analysis and differential
Scanning Calorimetry depicting the strength of the nanomaterial at a very high temperature.
Elemental composition was evaluated using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy showing 96.01%
zinc and 3.99% oxygen, demonstrating the purity of the synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles. It confirms
that no other elements are present apart from zinc and oxygen.

Conclusion:
Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via a wet chemical method using zinc nitrate
and sodium hydroxide. This fabrication procedure is reliable, cheap, and yields the most stable byproducts.
Characterization was carried out via several analytical techniques to check the authenticity
of the synthesized nanomaterial, thus revealing that the obtained ZnO nanoparticles could be used in
medical interventions as a safe option.
ASSOCIATION OF RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS OF MUSCULOSKELETAL HAND INVOLVEMENT WITH CLINICAL AND SEROLOGICAL FEATURES OF SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS
Authors: Stamenković Bojana , Stojanović Sonja , Živković Valentina , Đorđević Dragan , Bojanović Mila , Kocić Hristina , Đurić Vanja , Stanković Aleksandra 
Published: June 2022

Musculoskeletal manifestations (MSM) frequently occur in systemic sclerosis (SSc) and imply a variety of rheumatic symptoms and clinical features, from arthralgia to arthritis, contractures, tendon friction rubs, tenosynovitis, myalgia, muscle tenderness, and myositis. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of joint manifestations in clinical findings, as well as frequency and type of radiographic changes in 56 patients with the limited and diffuse form of SSc; to define the correlation between musculoskeletal hand changes in SSc and specific antibodies (antinuclear antibodies- ANA), as well as with antibodies specific for particular forms of SSc (anti-topoisomerase-1 antibodies- ATA, anticentromere antibodies- ACA); and to test the correlation between specific cardiopulmonary manifestations in SSc, and frequency and type of musculoskeletal changes. The obtained results indicated a high frequency of joint manifestations in SSc, which were estimated by clinical and radiographic examinations. Joint involvement in SSc was underestimated in clinical trials, as it occurred more frequently than expected. Radiographic hand findings in tested SSc patients indicated the presence of arthritis, erosions, joint space narrowing, radiological demineralization, acro-osteolysis, flexion contractures, and calcinosis. Hand involvement was an important cause of morbidity, which seriously affected the quality of life in patients with SSc. Various forms of joint and bone involvements could represent the base for introducing an innovative approach to treating musculoskeletal hand damage in SSc.
Cytotoxicity assessment of different clear aligner systems: An in vitro study
Authors: Alhendi Aseel , Khounganian Rita , Almudhi Abdulazez 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To evaluate and compare the cytotoxicity of multiple clear aligner systems (Invisalign, Eon, SureSmile, and Clarity).

Materials and Methods
A cytotoxicity assessment was carried out by immersing three sets of aligners from the included four systems in normal saline for 1 month at 37°C. The solutions were then diluted to three different concentrations (5%, 10%, and 20% volume/volume). Gingival fibroblasts were exposed to the solution after being seeded to 96-well microplates for 48 hours, and the medium was substituted with an MTT solution (MTT: 3-[4,5-dime- thylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide). Optical density was then measured to determine cell viability and evaluate cytotoxicity subsequently.

Results
Cytotoxicity comparison showed no statistically significant difference among the four included systems. However, when cell viability of each system was compared with the control, a significant difference was reported at the 10% and 20% solution concentrations. The Clarity system had the lowest toxicity across all solution concentrations.

Conclusions
The thermoplastic materials used by all tested systems (Invisalign, Eon, SureSmile, and Clarity) presented some degree of toxicity (slight to moderate), with statistically significant mean differences compared with the control.
Faktor Determinasi Kualitas Audit: Studi Empiris pada Entitas yang Listing di Bursa Efek Indonesia Priode 2015 - 2019
Authors: Fauzi Rahmat , Cheisviyanny Charoline , Septiari Dovi 
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine and find out about the audit quality of companies listed on Bursa Efek Indonesia from 2015 to 2019. in taking samples in this study using purposive sampling method. The data used in this study is the annual report of companies listed on the Bursa Efek Indonesia obtained from the Bursa Efek Indonesia website and the website of each sample company, testing is done by using regression. The results showed that Auditor Industry Specialization had a positive effect on audit quality, Audit Fees had no significant effect on audit quality, Audit Delay had a positive effect on audit quality, New Clients had no significant effect on audit quality, and KAP Size (Big 4 or Non Big 4) does not have a significant effect on audit quality and the number of clients has a negative effect on audit quality in companies listed on the Bursa Efek Indonesia in 2015-2019.
Pengaruh Collectivism, Herding Behavior dan Pemahaman Akuntansi terhadap Intensi Pengimplementasian SAK EMKM
Authors: Rini Puspa , Fauzihardani Eka 
Published: June 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of collectivism, herding behavior and accounting understanding on intention to implementation SAK EMKM. This type of research is classified as survey research with a quantitative approach. The population in this study were SMEs manager in Dumai City, Indonesia. The research sample was determined by purposive sampling method. The amount of samples in this study was 80 respondents. The statistic testing result showed that collectivism have no effect on intention to implementation SAK EMKM, but variable herding behavior and accounting understanding have positive significant effect on intention to implementation SAK EMKM.