bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercise on Anxiety among Nursing Students in Pediatric Clinical Training
Authors: Toqan Dalia , Ayed Ahmad , Amoudi Mosab , Alhalaiqa Fadwa , Alfuqaha Othman A. , ALBashtawy Mohammed 
Published: March 2022

Introduction Pediatric nursing students are expected to work hard to help children realize their full potential by giving care, knowing their growth process, and being responsive to their needs. Students should be able to communicate effectively and solve problems. Nurses who care for pediatric patients experience compassion fatigue as well as moderate to severe levels of work-related stress. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercise on anxiety among nursing students during pediatric nursing clinical training. Methods A quasi-experimental, pre-post study was conducted in the faculty of nursing at the Arab American University/Palestine. The sample of the study consists of 60 nursing students enrolled in the pediatric nursing course were selected through convenience sampling. This study was conducted on one group of nursing students that received Jacobson's progressive muscle relaxation exercise for five consecutive days per week for two weeks before entering the clinical environment. The S-anxiety scale (STAI Form Y-1) was applied to collect data before and after the intervention. Results The magnitude of anxiety after the progressive muscle relaxation exercise was greater reduced than before (t (59) = 21.1, P < 0.05). There was less anxiety post the program (M = 1.34 ± 0.36) than pre- program (M = 2.83 ± 0.35). Conclusion The study findings indicated the positive influence of progressive muscle relaxation exercise on nursing students’ anxiety levels in pediatric clinical settings. As a result, it is recommended that teaching programs on this approach be conducted for nursing students at nursing schools prior to the commencement of pediatric clinical practice in order to lessen anxiety.
Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty for Failed Operative Treatment of Proximal Humeral Fractures
Authors: Kokkalis Zinon T , Bavelou Aikaterini , Papanikos Efstratios , Kalavrytinos Dimitrios , Panagopoulos Andreas 
Published: March 2022

Introduction Failure after operative treatment of complex proximal humeral fractures (PHF) can prove challenging even for experienced surgeons. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) seems to offer a satisfactory revision procedure with good clinical outcomes. Materials and Methods We present a case series of 14 patients, who were treated during a 3.5 years period (from 01/2016 until 06/2019). They all underwent revision surgery with RSA for failed operative treatment of PHF. Their mean age was 68 years (range, 51-84 years). 2 patients (14.3%) had been primarily treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), 5 patients (35.7%) with hemiarthroplasty, 3 patients (21.4%) with closed reduction and percutaneous fixation and 4 patients (28.6%) with transosseous suture fixation (TSF). We evaluated their absolute Constant score (CS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, and Range of Motion at their final follow-up, and we made a full clinical and radiological assessment to detect any postoperative complications. Results The mean absolute CS, VAS score, active anterior elevation, active abduction significantly improved compared with the preoperative status. Less significant difference was found in external rotation when comparing with the preoperative status ( P = .0304). No significant differences were found when comparing RSA for different failed primary techniques ( P > .05). No complications were detected following the revision surgeries of all patients. Conclusion RSA is an appropriate treatment as a revision technique for failed primary surgical treatment of PHFs. Though challenging it can offer good clinical results and pain relief.
Controlled amnioreduction for twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome
Authors: Gordon Zoya , Fattal-Valevski Aviva , Elad David , Jaffa Ariel J. 
Published: March 2022

Background: Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a severe condition causing preterm delivery, fetal death, and neurodevelopmental disorders. This study presents a data-based controlled amnioreduction (AR) protocol composed of sequential amniodrainage in treatment of TTTS. Methods: A total of 18 procedures were performed in 11 TTTS pregnancies at 17 to 34 weeks of gestation. The amniotic pressure was measured along with sequential removal of the amniotic fluid, 500 mL each step. The umbilical artery systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratio for each twin was measured pre- and post-AR. Long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of all TTTS survivors were evaluated from parental answers to a phone survey. Results: The amniotic pressure decreased exponentially with the increased volume of removed amniotic fluid until a plateau was obtained. Changes of the S/D ratio between pre- and post-AR procedure did not reveal a clear tendency. The survival rate was 86.4% although 91% of all twins were at Quintero stage III. Long-term neurodevelopment outcomes in the 19 surviving twins were 68.4% optimal, 26.3% suboptimal, and 5.3% abnormal. Conclusion: The controlled AR procedure resulted in a relatively high rate of twin survival with favorable long-term neurodevelopment outcomes.
Derivation and validation of the UCAP-Q case-finding questionnaire to detect undiagnosed asthma and COPD
Authors: Huynh Chau , Whitmore G.A. , Vandemheen Katherine L. , FitzGerald J. Mark , Bergeron Celine , Boulet Louis-Philippe , Cote Andreanne , Field Stephen K. , Penz Erika , McIvor R. Andrew , Lemière Catherine , Gupta Samir , Mayers Irvin , Bhutani Mohit , Hernandez Paul , Lougheed M. Diane , Licskai Christopher J. , Azher Tanweer , Ainslie Martha , Fraser Ian , Mahdavian Masoud , Alvarez Gonzalo G. , Kendzerska Tetyana , Aaron Shawn D. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundMany people with asthma and COPD remain undiagnosed. We developed and validated a new case-finding questionnaire to identify symptomatic adults with undiagnosed obstructive lung disease.MethodsAdults in the community with no prior history of physician-diagnosed lung disease who self-reported respiratory symptoms were contactedviarandom-digit dialling. Pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry was used to confirm asthma or COPD. Predictive questions were selected using multinomial logistic regression with backward elimination. Questionnaire performance was assessed using sensitivity, predictive values and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The questionnaire was assessed for test–retest reliability, acceptability and readability. External validation was prospectively conducted in an independent sample and predictive performance re-evaluated.ResultsA 13-item Undiagnosed COPD and Asthma Population Questionnaire (UCAP-Q) case-finding questionnaire to predict undiagnosed asthma or COPD was developed. The most appropriate risk cut-off was determined to be 6% for either disease. Applied to the derivation sample (n=1615), the questionnaire yielded a sensitivity of 92% for asthma and 97% for COPD; specificity of 17%; and an AUC of 0.69 (95% CI 0.64–0.74) for asthma and 0.82 (95% CI 0.78–0.86) for COPD. Prospective validation using an independent sample (n=471) showed sensitivities of 93% and 92% for asthma and COPD, respectively; specificity of 19%; with AUCs of 0.70 (95% CI 0.62–0.79) for asthma and 0.81 (95% CI 0.74–0.87) for COPD. AUCs for UCAP-Q were higher compared to AUCs for currently recommended case-finding questionnaires for asthma or COPD.ConclusionsThe UCAP-Q demonstrated high sensitivities and AUCs for identifying undiagnosed asthma or COPD. A web-based calculator allows for easy calculation of risk probabilities for each disease.
Heparan sulfate mimetic fucoidan restores the endothelial glycocalyx and protects against dysfunction induced by serum of COVID-19 patients in the intensive care unit
Authors: Yuan Lushun , Cheng Shuzhen , Sol Wendy M.P.J. , van der Velden Anouk I.M. , Vink Hans , Rabelink Ton J. , van den Berg Bernard M. 
Published: March 2022

Accumulating evidence proves that endothelial dysfunction is involved in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) progression. We previously demonstrated that the endothelial surface glycocalyx has a critical role in maintenance of vascular integrity. Here, we hypothesised that serum factors of severe COVID-19 patients affect the glycocalyx and result in endothelial dysfunction.We included blood samples of 32 COVID-19 hospitalised patients at the Leiden University Medical Center, of which 26 were hospitalised in an intensive care unit (ICU) and six on a non-ICU hospital floor; 18 of the samples were obtained from convalescent patients 6 weeks after hospital discharge, and 12 from age-matched healthy donors (control) during the first period of the outbreak. First, we determined endothelial (angiopoietin 2 (ANG2)) and glycocalyx degradation (soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) and syndecan-1 (sSDC1)) markers in plasma.In the plasma of COVID-19 patients, circulating ANG2 and sTM were elevated in patients in the ICU. Primary lung microvascular endothelial cell (HPMEC) and human glomerular microvascular endothelial cell (GEnC) cultured in the presence of these sera led to endothelial cell glycocalyx degradation, barrier disruption, inflammation and increased coagulation on the endothelial surface, significantly different compared to healthy control and non-ICU patient sera. These changes could all be restored in the presence of fucoidan.In conclusion, our data highlight the link between endothelial glycocalyx degradation, barrier failure and induction of a procoagulant surface in COVID-19 patients in ICU which could be targeted earlier in disease by the presence of heparan sulfate mimetics.
Ameliorative effect of aqueous Cissus populnea suspension on cotton seed-induced testicular damage in male Wistar rats
Authors: Olooto Wasiu Eniola , Fajobi Adeniyi Olugbenga , Adewole Omolara Oluwawemimo , Murtala Abdullahi Akanji , Aderinola Aderonke Adeyinka 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Testicular damage is an important etiological factor in male infertility. Despite reported decline in global incidence of infertility over the past years, pockets of cases are still ironically noticed to occur in developing countries due to limitation of accessibility to advanced management methods, hence their resort to alternative herbal therapy.

Methods
Testicular damage was induced using cotton seed. Cissus populnea was cut into chunks, air-dried, pulverized, powdered and suspended in water. Thirty-two (32) matured male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (Group 1–4) designated as control, 100 mg/kg C. populnea (CP), cotton seed meal (CSM) and CSM + CP groups, each consisting of 8 rats. Group 1 was fed with normal rat chow, Group 2 was fed with 100 mg/kg CP, and Group 3 was fed with CSM for 8 weeks. Rats in Group 4 were fed with CSM for 8 weeks and dosed with 100 mg/kg aqueous C. populnea suspension for another 8 weeks. At the expiration of test period, the rats were sacrificed, blood sample collected, and plasma obtained for luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, estrogen, catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione (GSH) measurements. Semen was collected for analysis and testes harvested for histological studies.

Result
There is a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in plasma FSH, LH, testosterone, estrogen, GSH, catalase, SOD, and GPx in rats fed on CSM when compared with values obtained in the control and aqueous C. populnea suspension-fed rats. Seminal fluid analysis showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the sperm count, motility, morphology, vitality, and non-vitality among rats fed with CSM when compared to control rats. The histologic features of the testes showed abnormal interstitial appearances and absent Leydig cells in many areas among cotton seed-fed rats. Improvements in reproductive hormones, sperm qualities, and histological features were observed to occur in CSM group following administration of aqueous C. populnea suspension.

Conclusion
Based on the findings from this study, it can be concluded that aqueous C. populnea suspension ameliorates cotton seed-induced hypothalamo-pituitary–testicular axis functional disruption and testicular damage.
Remnants of horizontal transfers of Wolbachia genes in a Wolbachia-free woodwasp
Authors: Queffelec Joséphine , Postma Alisa , Allison Jeremy D. , Slippers Bernard 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Wolbachia is a bacterial endosymbiont of many arthropod and nematode species. Due to its capacity to alter host biology, Wolbachia plays an important role in arthropod and nematode ecology and evolution. Sirex noctilio is a woodwasp causing economic loss in pine plantations of the Southern Hemisphere. An investigation into the genome of this wasp revealed the presence of Wolbachia sequences. Due to the potential impact of Wolbachia on the populations of this wasp, as well as its potential use as a biological control agent against invasive insects, this discovery warranted investigation.

Results
In this study we first investigated the presence of Wolbachia in S. noctilio and demonstrated that South African populations of the wasp are unlikely to be infected. We then screened the full genome of S. noctilio and found 12 Wolbachia pseudogenes. Most of these genes constitute building blocks of various transposable elements originating from the Wolbachia genome. Finally, we demonstrate that these genes are distributed in all South African populations of the wasp.

Conclusions
Our results provide evidence that S. noctilio might be compatible with a Wolbachia infection and that the bacteria could potentially be used in the future to regulate invasive populations of the wasp. Understanding the mechanisms that led to a loss of Wolbachia infection in S. noctilio could indicate which host species or host population should be sampled to find a Wolbachia strain that could be used as a biological control against S. noctilio.
Phylogeographic relationships and the evolutionary history of the Carassius auratus complex with a newly born homodiploid raw fish (2nNCRC)
Authors: Gu Qianhong , Wang Shi , Zhong Hui , Yuan Hui , Yang Junliu , Yang Conghui , Huang Xuexue , Xu Xiaowei , Wang Yude , Wei Zehong , Wang Jing , Liu Shaojun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundAn important aspect of studying evolution is to understand how new species are formed and their uniqueness is maintained. Hybridization can lead to the formation of new species through reorganization of the adaptive system and significant changes in phenotype. Interestingly, eight stable strains of 2nNCRC derived from interspecies hybridization have been established in our laboratory. To examine the phylogeographical pattern of the widely distributed genusCarassiusacross Eurasia and investigate the possible homoploid hybrid origin of theCarassius auratuscomplex lineage in light of past climatic events, the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) and one nuclear DNA were used to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship between theC. auratuscomplex and 2nNCRC and to assess how demographic history, dispersal and barriers to gene flow have led to the current distribution of theC. auratuscomplex.ResultsAs expected, 2nNCRC had a very close relationship with theC. auratuscomplex and similar morphological characteristics to those of theC. auratuscomplex, which is genetically distinct from the other three species ofCarassius. The estimation of divergence time and ancestral state demonstrated that theC. auratuscomplex possibly originated from the Yangtze River basin in China. There were seven sublineages of theC. auratuscomplex across Eurasia and at least four mtDNA lineages endemic to particular geographical regions in China. The primary colonization route from China to Mongolia and the Far East (Russia) occurred during the Late Pliocene, and the diversification of other sublineages of theC. auratuscomplex specifically coincided with the interglacial stage during the Early and Mid-Pleistocene in China.ConclusionOur results support the origin of theC. auratuscomplex in China, and its wide distribution across Eurasia was mainly due to natural Pleistocene dispersal and recent anthropogenic translocation. The sympatric distribution of the ancestral area for both parents of 2nNCRC and theC. auratuscomplex, as well as the significant changes in the structure of pharyngeal teeth and morphological characteristics between 2nNCRC and its parents, imply that homoploid hybrid speciation (HHS) forC. auratuscould likely have occurred in nature. The diversification pattern indicated an independent evolutionary history of theC. auratuscomplex, which was not separated from the most recent common ancestor ofC. carassiusorC. cuvieri. Considering that the paleoclimate oscillation and the development of an eastward-flowing drainage system during the Pliocene and Pleistocene in China provided an opportunity for hybridization between divergent lineages, the formation of 2nNCRC in our laboratory could be a good candidate for explaining the HHS ofC. auratusin nature.
Pedigree reconstruction and spatial analysis for genetic testing and selection in a Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière plantation
Authors: Lee Kyungmi , Kim In-Sik , Kang Kyu-Suk 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundLarix kaempferiis one of the major timber species in Northeast Asia. Demand for the reforestation of the species is rising in South Korea due to an increase in large timber production and utilization. However, progeny trials for the species have not been explored, making it challenging to foster advanced generations of tree improvement. In the present study, genetic testing and selection for diameter growth were conducted using pedigree reconstruction and phenotypic spatial distribution analysis in a plantation ofL. kaempferi. The aim of the present study was to select the superior larch individuals using the pedigree reconstruction and phenotypic spatial distribution to substitute progeny trials. The plantation of seed orchard crops was established in 1990 and one-hundred and eighty-eight trees were selected as the study material. Genetic variation was investigated first to validate its adequacy as breeding material. Genetic testing was carried out using a model considering pedigree information and spatial autoregression of the phenotypes.ResultsThe expected heterozygosity of the mother trees and offspring were 0.672 and 0.681 presenting the corresponding level of genetic variation between two groups. The pedigree reconstruction using maternity analysis assigned one to six progenies to ninety-two candidate mothers. The accuracy of genetic testing was exceedingly increased with the animal model considering AR1 ⊗ AR1 structure compared to the animal model only. The estimated genetic variance of the former was 9.086 whereas that of the latter was 4.9E-5 for DBH. The predicted breeding values of the offspring for DBH were ranged from -5.937 cm to 5.655 cm and the estimated heritability of diameter growth was 0.344.ConclusionsThe genetic testing approach based on pedigree reconstruction and phenotypic spatial distribution analysis was considered a useful analytical scheme that could replace or supplement progeny trials.
The potential of foliar application of nano-chitosan-encapsulated nano-silicon donor in amelioration the adverse effect of salinity in the wheat plant
Authors: Hajihashemi Shokoofeh , Kazemi Shadi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundNano-materials ameliorate the adverse effect of salinity stress on the physiological and biochemical processes in plants. The present investigation was designed to evaluate the physiological mechanisms through which a nano-chitosan-encapsulated nano-silicon fertilizer (NC-NS) can ameliorate the adverse effect of salinity stress on the wheat plants, and compare it with nano-chitosan (NC) and nano-silicon (NS) application. Nano-silicon was encapsulated with a chitosan-tripolyphosphate (TPP) nano-matrix by ionic gelation method for its slow release. The wheat plants were exposed to foliar application of distilled water, NC, NS, and NC-NS with two NaCl irrigation levels at 0 (distilled water) and 100 mM.ResultsThe foliar application of NC, NS, and NC-NS induced a significant increase in the function of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems of the wheat plants to equilibrate cellular redox homeostasis by balancing H2O2content in the leaves and roots, as compared with salt-stressed plants without treatment. The plant's foliar-sprayed with NC, NS, and NC-NS solution exhibited a significant increase in the molecules with osmotic adjustment potentials such as proline, free amino acids, glycine betaine, and sugars to protect cells against osmotic stress-induced by salinity. The observed increase in the antioxidant power and osmoregulatory at NC, NS, and NC-NS application was accompanied by the protection of lipid membrane, proteins and photosynthetic apparatus against salinity stress.ConclusionIn the present study, the beneficial role of NC, NS, and NC-NS application, particularly NC-NS, in alleviating the adverse effect of salinity stress on antioxidant systems and osmotic adjustment in wheat is well documented. An overview of the result of present study assists researchers in providing a potential solution for this increasing salinization threat in crops.Graphical abstract
Association of ALDH2 rs671 and MTHFR rs1801133 polymorphisms with hypertension among Hakka people in Southern China
Authors: Wu Heming , Huang Qingyan , Yu Zhikang , Zhong Zhixiong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Genetic factors play an important role in susceptibility to hypertension. Herein, the association between acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphisms and hypertension was analyzed among Hakka population in southern China.

Methods
A total of 3057 hypertensive patients and 2215 controls were enrolled. The ALDH2 rs671 and MTHFR rs1801133 genotyping were analyzed using gene chip. Relevant information and medical records of these subjects were collected.

Results
Hypertensive patients with ALDH2 rs671 G/A heterozygous had lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) than other genotypes (P < 0.001), while hypertensive patients with A allele had lower diastolic blood pressure (DBP) than patients with G allele (P < 0.001). The level of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) in patients with MTHFR CC, CT and TT genotypes showed an increasing trend (P < 0.001). The ALDH2 G/A genotype in the co-dominant model (adjusted OR 1.251, 95% CI 1.024–1.528, P = 0.028) and ALDH2 A/A genotype in the recessive model (adjusted OR 1.221, 95% CI 1.008–1.478, P = 0.041) were significant risk factors for the presence of hypertension. The MTHFR C/T genotype in the co-dominant model (adjusted OR 1.307, 95% CI 1.039–1.643, P = 0.022) and MTHFR C/T and T/T genotypes in the dominant model (adjusted OR 1.281, 95% CI 1.146–1.430, P < 0.001) were significant risk factors for the presence of hypertension. Further, logistic regression analysis showed that age, smoking, alcohol consumption, hyperhomocysteinemia, and high level of serum TG, Apo-A1, Apo-B were significant risks for hypertension.

Conclusions
In summary, ALDH2 rs671 G/A, A/A genotypes and MTHFR rs1801133 C/T, T/T genotypes may be risk factors for hypertension in this Chinese Hakka population.