bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Alāmāt at-Tarqīm fī Kitāb al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyyah bi Indonesia (Taḥlīl al-Akhṭā' min al- Kitāb al-Muqarrar lil-Faṣl al-Sābi’ fī al-Marḥalah al-Mutawassiṭah)
Authors: Faiqoh Putri Kholida 
Published: August 2022

<p><em>This research aimed to identify the errors in the use of punctuations in the Arabic lesson book for 7th-grade students of Islamic Junior High School published by the Ministry of Religious Affairs Republic of Indonesia. This book is good, and it pays great attention to the writing rules of hamzah, tanwin, mad letters, and tasydid. However, the researcher found many errors in the use of punctuation marks. Thus, on the findings, it is expected that there will be more attention and improvement afterward. This research is descriptive qualitative research by the following error findings: exclamation mark (!), period (.), comma (,), question mark (?), brackets (), quotation marks “… “, hyphen (-), and slash (/). First, the error is in its use in sentences, and the placement of spaces as the book’s author follows the rules of Indonesian punctuation. Second, some texts only use periods (.) and commas () due to the author’s lack of knowledge of Arab and world culture, and he focuses only on mufradat. Third, there are reading texts that do not follow the instructions of the Rekon Text.</em></p><p><em></em>يهدف هذا البحث إلى التّعرّف على نوع الأخطاء في استخدام علامات التّرقيم في الكتاب المقرّر للفصل السّابع للمرحلة المتوسّطة الّتي أصدرت به وزارة الشّؤون الدّينيّة بلإندونيسيا. هذا الكتاب جيّد ومهتمّ بقواعد المزات والتّنوين وحروف المدّ والتّشديد. ولكن، وجدت الباحثة أخطاء كثيرة في استخدام علامات التّرقيم. ومن خلال النّتاؤج، رجاء المزيد من الاهتمام والتّحسين بعدُ. هذا البحث هو بحث وصفيّ من حيث الأخطاء التّالية: علامة التّعجّب (!)، النّقطة (.)، الفاصلة (،)، علامة الاستفهام (؟)، القوسان ()، علامة الاقتباس "..."، الواصلة (-)، وشرطة مائلة (/). أولاً، الخطأ استخداماً في الجمل ووضع المسافة حيث يتّبع مؤلّف الكتاب قواعد التّرقيم الإندونيسيّة. ثانياً، هناك بعض النّصوص الّتي تستخدم الفواصل (.) والفاصلات (،) فقط يسبّب قلّة المادّة بالثّقافة العربيّة والعالميّة وتركّز على المفردات فحسب. ثالثاً، هناك النّصوص لا تتّفق بتعليمات النّص السّرديّ.</p>
The Effect of Problem Based Learning Model on Students’ Learning Outcomes in the "Belajar dan Pembelajaran" Course
Authors: Arif Nely , Volya Duti , Fajaryani Nunung , Albert Albert 
Published: August 2022

<p>Problem Based Learning Model is a learning model that is intensively promoted at the University of Jambi at this time. This study aims to determine whether there is a significant effect on the learning outcomes of English study program students taught with the Problem Based Learning Model in the course of "<em>Belajar dan Pembelajaran (Learning and Instruction).</em> The research design used is Quasi-Experimental Research. This design involves two groups: one as the control group and one as the experimental group. The data obtained from this research is processed by calculating the gain or difference between the pretest and post-test scores. For time efficiency, data were analyzed using the SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution) program for Windows version 24. Because of the Asymp value. Sig. (2-tailed) 0.381, which means greater than 0.025, it can be decided that H0 is accepted. So it can be concluded that the PBL learning model used in the experimental class is not effective enough to improve student learning outcomes in “<em>Belajar dan Pembelajaran</em>” courses.</p><p><em>Model Problem Based Learning merupakan model pembelajaran yang sedang gencar-gencarnya digalakkan di Universitas jambi saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh signifikan antara hasil belajar mahasiswa prodi bahasa Inggris yang diajarkan dengan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning pada mata kuliah “Belajar dan Pembelajaran”. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Quasi-Eksperiment Research atau Eksperimen semu. Desain ini melibatkan dua grup. Satu sebagai grup kontrol dan satu sebagai grup eksperimen. Pengolahan Data untuk data yang diperoleh dari pada penelitian ini adalah dengan cara menghitung gain atau selisih antara skor pretest dan postest. Untuk efisiensi waktu, pengolahan data dianalisa dengan menggunakan program SPSS (Statistical Product ang Service Solution) for windows versi 24. Karena nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) 0,381 bearti lebih besar dari 0,025, maka bisa diputuskan H0 diterima.<strong> </strong>Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa model Pembelajaran PBL yang digunakan dikelas eksperimen tidak cukup efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Belajar dan Pembelajaran.</em></p>
How Effective Are Failure Analysis Methods for the 65 nm CMOS Technology Node?
Authors: Lamy Magali , de la Bardonnie Marc , Lorut Frederic , Ross Ryan , Wyon Christophe , Kwakman Laurens F. Tz. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article assesses the capabilities of failure analysis techniques in the context of 65 nm CMOS ICs. It demonstrates the use of OBIRCH, voltage contrast, Seebeck effect imaging, SEM and TEM techniques, and FIB cross-sectioning on failures such as dielectric breakdown, open and resistive vias, voids, shorts, delaminations, and gate oxide defects.
Trends of single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion documentation after the 2015 Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services coding audit
Authors: Patel Akshar H. , Ofa Sione A. , Collins Lacee K. , McCluskey Leland C. , Sherman William F. , Cyriac Mathew 
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE
With the use of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) expected to rise by 13.3% from 2020 to 2040, the increased usage of interbody cages with integral anterior fixation prompted a Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) review, which resulted in coding changes affecting anterior instrumentation documentation. CMS determined that Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code 22845 should not be used to report integrated instrumentation (plate) with an interbody device, and if additional anterior instrumentation (e.g., plates and screws) is placed with an integrated interbody device, then a 59 modifier should be used. There is sparse literature examining the trends of ACDF without and with additional anterior instrumentation after the 2015 CMS audit. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the trends of single-level subaxial ACDF utilization from 2011 to 2019 to determine whether the 2015 CMS audit influenced the documented usage of additional anterior instrumentation.

METHODS
A retrospective cohort study was performed using the commercially available database PearlDiver. Patient records were queried from 2011 to 2019 for single-level subaxial ACDF without (CPT code 22551) and with (CPT codes 22551 + 22845) instrumentation. Cochran-Armitage trend analyses were performed to evaluate the hypothesis that ACDF with additional anterior instrumentation decreased over the given time period.

RESULTS
Between 2011 and 2019, the total number of single-level ACDFs decreased from 6202 to 4402. From 2011 to 2015, an average of 6240 patients per year underwent single-level subaxial ACDF; of those, 950 patients (15.2%) had ACDF without instrumentation and 5290 patients (84.8%) had ACDF with instrumentation. In 2016, the total number of single-level subaxial ACDFs decreased to 5525, with 1006 patients (18.2%) receiving no instrumentation and 4519 patients (81.8%) receiving instrumentation. From 2017 to 2019, an average of 4283 patients per year underwent a single-level subaxial ACDF; of these, 1280 (29.9%) had no instrumentation and 3003 (70.1%) had instrumentation (all p < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS
From 2015 to 2019, single-level ACDF without instrumentation significantly increased by 91.5% and ACDF with anterior instrumentation significantly decreased by 18.1%. The 2015 CMS audit of interbody cages and anterior instrumentation coding (CPT code 22845) may account for the decreased documentation of anterior instrumentation in the 9-year period. Understanding CMS auditing could help surgeons perceive changes in practice patterns that may lead to a more thorough evaluation of patient outcomes, cost, and overall value.
Use of acute cognitive symptom cluster to predict return-to-learn duration following a sport-related concussion
Authors: Tang Alan R. , Davis Philip J. , Williams Kristen L. , Grusky Alan Z. , Hajdu Katherine S. , Hou Brian Q. , Yengo-Kahn Aaron M. , Zuckerman Scott L. , Terry Douglas P. 
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE
Adolescents sustaining sport-related concussion often experience difficulties with the return-to-learn (RTL) process. Whereas the initial symptom burden has predicted prolonged RTL, no studies have established a relationship between acute cognitive symptoms and RTL duration. The authors sought to evaluate the relationship between initial cognitive symptoms and RTL duration.

METHODS
A retrospective single-institution cohort study of adolescent athletes aged 12–23 years who were evaluated within 5 days of a diagnosed sport-related concussion between November 2017 and October 2020 was conducted. Athletes missing cognitive symptom ratings and RTL data were excluded. The primary exposure variable was the Cognitive Symptom Ratio (CSR), defined as total cognitive symptom cluster score divided by total Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) score from the initial clinic visit. Primary and secondary outcomes were time to RTL and total length of care, respectively. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to assess the effect of CSR on RTL duration.

RESULTS
Of 653 athletes evaluated within 5 days of injury, 346 patients were included in the final cohort. Athletes reported a median initial PCSS score of 21 (interquartile range [IQR] 6–37) and a median cognitive symptom score of 4 (IQR 0–9). Most patients endorsed some degree of difficulty concentrating (n = 212, 61.3%). The median CSR was 0.18 (IQR 0.00–0.27). On multivariable regression analysis, a higher CSR was associated with prolonged RTL duration (HR 0.30, 95% CI 0.13–0.69, p = 0.004). When initial PCSS score was added to the model, the previously significant association between CSR and RTL was no longer significant (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.29–1.59, p = 0.367). When dichotomized based on frequency distribution, a higher proportion of patients with low CSR achieved RTL by 7 days postinjury (82.2% vs 69.9%, p = 0.007), a difference not seen at 14 days (92.2% vs 87.3%, p = 0.133).

CONCLUSIONS
An acute ratio of cognitive symptoms may predict patients at increased risk for prolonged RTL and those with normal PCSS scores who may experience difficulties once resuming school activities.
Outcomes following conservative treatment of extension fractures in the setting of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: is external orthosis alone a reasonable option?
Authors: Page Paul S. , Greeneway Garret P. , Lake Wendell B. , Brooks Nathaniel P. , Josiah Darnell T. , Hanna Amgad S. , Resnick Daniel K. 
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE
Extension fractures in the setting of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) represent highly unstable injuries. As a result, these fractures are most frequently treated with immediate surgical fixation to limit any potential risk of associated neurological injury. Although this represents the standard of care, patients with significant comorbidities, advanced age, or medical instability may not be surgical candidates. In this paper, the authors evaluated a series of patients with extension DISH fractures who were treated with orthosis alone and evaluated their outcomes.

METHODS
A retrospective review from 2015 to 2022 was conducted at a large level 1 trauma center. Patients with extension-type DISH fractures without neurological deficits were identified. All patients were treated conservatively with orthosis alone. Baseline patient characteristics and adverse outcomes are reported.

RESULTS
Twenty-seven patients were identified as presenting with extension fractures associated with DISH without neurological deficit. Of these, 22 patients had complete follow-up on final chart review. Of these 22 patients, 21 (95.5%) were treated successfully with external orthosis. One patient (4.5%) who was noncompliant with the brace had an acute spinal cord injury 1 month after presentation, requiring immediate surgical fixation and decompression. No other complications, including skin breakdown or pressure ulcers related to bracing, were reported.

CONCLUSIONS
Treatment of extension-type DISH fractures may be a reasonable option for patients who are not candidates for safe surgical intervention; however, a risk of neurological injury secondary to delayed instability remains, particularly if patients are noncompliant with the bracing regimen. This risk should be balanced against the high complication rate and potential mortality associated with surgical intervention in this patient population.
Western-style diet does not negatively affect the healthy aging benefits of lifelong restrictive feeding
Authors: Reijne Aaffien C. , Talarovicova Alzbeta , Coolen Alex , Bruggink Jan E. , Ciapaite Jolita , Bleeker Aycha , Groen Albert K. , Reijngoud Dirk-Jan , Bakker Barbara M. , van Dijk Gertjan 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: Lifelong consumption of a Western-style diet is a risk factor for developing metabolic disorders and therefore impairs healthy aging. Dietary restriction (DR) could delay the onset of age-related diseases and prolong life span, however, the extent to which this depends on diet type is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To study whether feeding a Western-style diet affects the healthy aging benefits of DR. METHODS: Mice fed a Western-style diet ( ad libitum and DR) were compared to those fed a standard healthy diet ( ad libitum and DR). Survival and several metabolic and endocrine parameters were analyzed. RESULTS: Lifelong consumption of a Western-style diet resulted in increased adiposity, elevated triglyceride levels in plasma, higher homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance and higher resting metabolic rate in mice compared to the standard diet group. This was accompanied by reduced survival in the Western-style diet group. DR irrespective of diet type improved abovementioned parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Lifelong restricted consumption of Western-style diet led to improved metabolic and endocrine parameters, and increased survival compared to the ad libitum Western-style diet group. Interestingly, the survival was comparable in restricted Western-style and standard diet groups, suggesting that reduced food intake rather than diet composition play more important role in promoting longevity/survival.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM PENETAS TELUR AYAM BERBASIS SMS GATEWAY
Authors: Zakaria Alamsyah , Sollu Tan Suryani , Asali Stenly 
Published: August 2022

Umumnya peternak ayam dalam melakukan penetasan telur dilakukan secara alami, dimana telur dierami induknya secara langsung. Kondisi seperti ini menyebabkan perkembangbiakan tidak efektif karena tidak memperhitungkan faktor jumlah telur yang dihasilkan dan jumlah hari yang dibutuhkan ketika induk ayam mengerami telur. Untuk memenuhi permintaan konsumen tentunya dibutuhkan teknologi yang dapat mempercepat dan mempermudah dalam penetasan telur. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi studi literatur, perancangan perangkat keras dan lunak, pembuatan alat, pengujian alat, pengambilan data, dan analis. Rancangan yang diusulkan meliputi komponen Arduino nano, sensor suara, DHT22, modul SIM800L V.2, dan LCD.Berdasarkan hasil pengujian diperoleh bahwa rancangan sistem penetas telur ayam mendapatkan hasil penetasan telur yang maksimal sesuai dengan yang diharapkan dan dapat menemukan informasi penetasan telur dari jarak jauh dengan mengirimkan informasi melalui sms gateway. Adapun hasil pengujian suhu dan kelembaban diperoleh bahwa untuk pagi hari berada pada range 37 - 38 0C dan 51,10 – 53,50%. Siang hari diperoleh range 37 - 38 0C dan 50,00 – 53,10%. Sedangkan untuk malam hari diperoleh range 37 - 38 0C dan 51,10 – 55,00%.
Clostridium autoethanogenum isopropanol production via native plasmid pCA replicon
Authors: Nogle Robert , Nagaraju Shilpa , Utturkar Sagar M. , Giannone Richard J. , Reynoso Vinicio , Leang Ching , Hettich Robert L. , Mitchell Wayne P. , Simpson Sean D. , Jewett Michael C. , Köpke Michael , Brown Steven D. 
Published: August 2022

Clostridium autoethanogenum is a model gas-fermenting acetogen for commercial ethanol production. It is also a platform organism being developed for the carbon-negative production of acetone and isopropanol by gas fermentation. We have assembled a 5.5 kb pCA plasmid for type strain DSM10061 (JA1-1) using three genome sequence datasets. pCA is predicted to encode seven open-reading frames and estimated to be a low-copy number plasmid present at approximately 12 copies per chromosome. RNA-seq analyses indicate that pCA genes are transcribed at low levels and two proteins, CAETHG_05090 (putative replication protein) and CAETHG_05115 (hypothetical, a possible Mob protein), were detected at low levels during batch gas fermentations. Thiolase (thlA), CoA-transferase (ctfAB), and acetoacetate decarboxylase (adc) genes were introduced into a vector for isopropanol production in C. autoethanogenum using the native plasmid origin of replication. The availability of the pCA sequence will facilitate studies into its physiological role and could form the basis for genetic tool optimization.
Environment-friendly AgNWs/Ti3C2Tx transparent conductive film based on natural fish gelatin for degradable electronics
Authors: Wang Yuzhou , Wang Tao , Liu Yan , Geng Hong-Zhang , Zhang Lianzhong 
Published: August 2022

Recently, the electronic waste (E-waste) has become the most serious environmental trouble because of the iteration of electronic products. Transparent conductive films (TCFs) are the key component of flexible electronic devices, so the development of devices based on degradable TCFs has become an important way to alleviate the problem of E-waste. Gelatin, one of the most prevalent natural biomacromolecules, has drawn increasing attention due to its good film-forming ability, superior biocompatibility, excellent degradability, and commercial availability at a relatively low cost, but has few applications in flexible electronics. Here, we report a method for preparing flexible TCF based on naturally degradable material-fish gelatin, in which silver nanowires and Ti3C2Tx flakes were used as conductive fillers. The obtained TCF has low roughness (RMS roughness = 5.62 nm), good photoelectric properties (Rs = 25.2 Ω/sq., T = ca.85% at 550 nm), strong interfacial adhesion and good degradability. Moreover, the film showed excellent application in the field of EMI shielding and green light OLED device. We believe that these TCFs will shine in the smart wearable field in the future.
Rapid Warming Over East Antarctica Since the 1940s Caused by Increasing Influence of El Niño Southern Oscillation and Southern Annular Mode
Authors: Ejaz Tariq , Rahaman Waliur , Laluraj C. M. , Mahalinganathan K. , Thamban Meloth 
Published: August 2022

El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Interdecadal Pacific Oscillations (IPO), and their phase relation with the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) largely control Antarctic climate variability. The relative roles of these climate modes remain elusive, particularly in the backdrop of global warming. In this study, we present a seasonally resolved new ice core (IND33) record of oxygen isotope (δ18O) for the past two centuries (1809–2013 CE) from coastal Dronning Maud Land (DML) to investigate the role of these climate modes in the Antarctic temperature variability and trend. Our investigation based on this record combined with available records from the DML region reveals that ∼32% variability in δ18O records is related to late spring to summer (Nov–Dec–Jan) temperature rather than the mean annual temperature. This indicates that reconstructed annual temperature based on Antarctic ice core δ18O records could be biased toward the temperature of the months/seasons of higher precipitation with low-moderate wind speed, which are suitable for better preservation of the ice core signal. We have reconstructed the DML temperature record of the past two centuries (1809–2019 CE) at an annual resolution based on the δ18O ice core record (1809–1993 CE) combined with the recent ERA5 surface air temperature record (1994–2019 CE). The reconstructed temperature anomaly record reveals a significant cooling trend in the 19th century during 1809–1907 CE with a rate of −0.164 ± 0.045°C decade−1 followed by a warming trend from the mid-20th to early 21st centuries (1942–2019 CE) with a rate of +0.452 ± 0.056°C decade−1. This long-term warming trend since the 1940s coincides with the increase in ENSO events and its strong antiphase relation with SAM, suggesting an increasing influence of SAM–ENSO coupling in modulating the DML temperature in recent decades.
A Study on the Provenance of Early to Late Triassic Clastic Rocks From the Northwestern Sichuan Basin, Southwestern China: Constraints on the Early Mesozoic Tectonic Evolution of the Western Yangtze Block
Authors: Meng Lifeng , Chen Wei , Shen Tong , Cai Jinfa 
Published: August 2022

U–Pb ages of 637 new detrital zircons of Triassic sandstones from the Northwestern Sichuan Basin (NWSB), together with the petrology and paleocurrent data, are used to constrain the sediment provenance and tectonic–paleogeographic evolution of the western Yangtze Block. The U–Pb age data for the Lower Triassic detrital zircons generally show populations at ∼1,850 Ma, 980–705 Ma, 680–510 Ma, and 290–230 Ma with a minor cluster at ∼2.4 Ga. Such age spectrum features together with the eastward to northeastward paleocurrent direction implied that the Northwestern Sichuan Basin was dominantly fed by the uplifted Khamdian Paleoland. The Upper Triassic detrital zircons yield age populations at 855–730 Ma, 455–415 Ma, and 290–215 Ma and a prominent age group of 1.9–1.7 Ga. These age spectrum features together with paleocurrent data showed a provenance change with a major source of the Longmenshan thrust belt and Songpan-Ganzi terrane for the south area of NWSB and the Qinling orogenic belt for the north part of NWSB. Such transition of the provenance probably indicated the subsidence of the Khamdian Paleoland and uplift of the Songpan-Ganzi terrane and Qinling orogenic belt from the Early Triassic to the Late Triassic. This tectonic inversion most likely resulted from the gradually thermal subsidence of the Emeishan large igneous province (ELIP) and the gravitational loading triggered by the eastward shortening of the Songpan-Ganzi terrane as well as the ongoing convergence between Yangtze Block and North China Block.