bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural analysis of M1AP variants associated with severely impaired spermatogenesis causing male infertility
Authors: Gerlevik Umut , Ergoren Mahmut Cerkez , Sezerman Osman Uğur , Temel Sehime Gulsun 
Published: March 2022

Background
Impaired meiosis can result in absence of sperm in the seminal fluid. This condition, namely non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA), is one of the reasons of male infertility. Despite the low number of studies on meiosis 1-associated protein (M1AP) in the literature, M1AP is known to be crucial for spermatogenesis. Recently, seven variants (five missense, one frameshift, one splice-site) have been reported in the M1AP gene as associated with NOA, cryptozoospermia and oligozoospermia in two separate studies. However, all missense variants were evaluated as variant of uncertain significance by these studies. Therefore, we aimed to analyze their structural impacts on the M1AP protein that could lead to NOA.

Methods
We firstly performed an evolutionary conservation analysis for the variant positions. Afterwards, a comprehensive molecular modelling study was performed for the M1AP structure. By utilizing this model, protein dynamics were sampled for the wild-type and variants by performing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.

Results
All variant positions are highly conserved, indicating that they are potentially important for function. In MD simulations, none of the variants led to a general misfolding or loss of stability in the protein structure, but they did cause severe modifications in the conformational dynamics of M1AP, particularly through changes in local interactions affecting flexibility, hinge and secondary structure.

Conclusions
Due to critical perturbations in protein dynamics, we propose that these variants may cause NOA by affecting important interactions regulating meiosis, particularly in wild-type M1AP deficiency since the variants are reported to be homozygous or bi-allelic in the infertile individuals. Our results provided reasonable insights about the M1AP structure and the effects of the variants to the structure and dynamics, which should be further investigated by experimental studies to validate.
Magnitude and Pattern of Non-Farm Employment among Scheduled Caste in Western Plain Zone of Punjab
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Kaur Lavleen 
Published: March 2022

The present study examines the magnitude and pattern of non-farm employment among schedule caste respondents in western plain zone of Punjab. The study was based on multi stage random sampling technique. Both primary and secondary sources of data was used for the study. For analysis of the data simple percentages, averages and regression analysis was used. The study found that 63 percent of scheduled caste respondents adopted both farm and non-farm activities for their livelihood. The average operated area came out to be one acre among selected scheduled caste respondents. Among non-farm activities in the study area, 41 percent scheduled casted respondents were engaged as casual labourers. .Due to lack of skill they are left with no other option but to work for daily wages in unskilled jobs. Pattern of income from farm and non-farm activities shows that the income of respondents engaged in both farm and non-farm activities was double than the income of respondents engaged in farm activities only. The average per monthly income of SC respondents engaged in farm activities only was Rs. 7764 whereas average income of SC respondents engaged in both farm and non-farm activities was Rs. 13382. The study suggested that skill development centres specific for the need of the SC respondents should be opened in their areas.The average operated area was marginally low in the study area so the only hope to increase the income of SC respondents is non-farm activities in the rural areas. The priority should be attached to the removal of barriers of any kind for the people to enter into the non-farm activities besides improving infrastructure facilities like banking, roads, market and communication facilities in the rural areas, facilitating more poor agricultural labourers and jobless people to take up some kind of non-farm activities for their livelihood.
Family Support and Academic Self-efficacy as Determinants of Post Preliminary Training School Psychological Wellbeing among Nursing Candidates
Authors: Obianuju Mbachu Helen , Ugokwe-Ossai Rita 
Published: March 2022

This study examined family support, academic self-efficacy and personality as determinants of post preliminary training school (PTS) psychological wellbeing among nursing candidates. Participants were one hundred and twenty nine (129) PTS students of School of Nursing Nkpor Anambra State selected through purposive sampling whose ages ranged from 17 years to 26 years with a mean age of 19.5yrs and a standard deviation of 1.20. Four instruments were adopted for the study -Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Academic Self-efficacy Scale, Ryff’s Psychological Well-being scale and Big Five Personality inventory. Non-randomized pretest posttest design was used as design for the study whereas 3-Way ANOVA was used as statistical tool to analyze data. The resulted indicated that there is a significant difference in the psychological wellbeing of admitted and non-admitted PTS students of Nursing school Nkpor before and after PTS examinations at F(1, 128) = 79.4, p < .05 and that the psychological wellbeing of non-admitted PTS students of Nursing school Nkpor with perceived high family support significantly differed from their counterparts with perceived low family support after PTS examination at F(1, 128) = 39, p < .05. Also the result revealed that the psychological wellbeing of non-admitted PTS students of Nursing school Nkpor with perceived high academic self-efficacy significantly differed from their counterparts with perceived low academic self-efficacy after PTS examination at F(1, 128) = 122, p < .05 while the psychological wellbeing of non-admitted PTS students of Nursing school Nkpor differed across the personality types with conscientious personality having more balanced psychological well-being than their counterparts at F(1, 128) = 31.8, p < .05. It is recommended that the Nursing design programs aimed that enhancing the psychological wellbeing of students before, during and after the exams.
Effect of Blended Fertilizer Rate on Yield and Yield Components of Hybrid Maize (Zea mays L.) Varieties under Irrigation Condition in Low Land Area of South Omo Zone
Authors: Sultan Mohammed Muhaba , Tadesse Eshete Awoke 
Published: March 2022

Maize is an important cereal crop in Ethiopia. However, the yield of this crop is limited due to the lack of varieties and blended fertilizer for varieties and site specifications. The use of a right amount of fertilizer based on crop requirement has significant importance for sustainable crop production. A study was undertaken to investigate the effects of NPSB blended fertilizer rate for maize yield production at a Dasenech and Nyangatom districts in the lowland area of South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia during the 2019/ 2020 cropping season. The experiment was factorial with three maize varieties (BH-140, BH-540 and MH-140) and four NPSB blended fertilizer rate including kg ha-1(none fertilizer, 50 NPSB, 100 NPSB, and 150 NPSB). Factorial combinations were used as twelve treatments laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Phenological and growth parameters, as well as yield and yield components data, were collected and subjected to analysis of variance using the SAS software program. The result of analysis of variance revealed that the interaction effect of varieties and blended fertilizer rate highly significant difference in grain yield. The result indicated that the highest grain yield (3624.0 kg ha-1) and net benefit (45,324 Eth-birr ha-1) with MRR of 2123.5 % were obtained from BH-540 variety treated with 100 kg ha-1 of NPSB fertilizer rates at Dasenech location. Whereas, at the Nyangatom location, the highest grain yield (4324 kg ha-1) and net benefit (54,774 Eth-birr ha-1) with MRR of 2968.5 % were obtained from MH-140 variety treated with 100 kg ha-1 of NPSB fertilizer rates. Therefore, based on the yield response and, cost and return analysis indicated, it is recommended BH-540 variety treated with 100 kg ha-1 of NPSB blended fertilizer rates for Dasenech location, while MH-140 variety treated with 100 kg ha-1 of NPSB blended fertilizer rates for Nyangatom location and their similar soil conditions and agro-ecology.
Effects of Sub-chronic Administration of Crude Ethanol Extract of Cola nitida on Stomach Mucosa Epithelial Lining and Liver Function Enzymes in Albino Rats
Authors: Lawal Almustapha , Gusau Abubakar Mu’azu , Abubakar Aminu Lailaba , Eneji Sadiq Mas’ud , Sulaiman Rabiu , Okafor Ebuka , Usman Wali 
Published: March 2022

Aim: This study investigated the effects of sub-chronic administration of crude ethanol extract of Cola nitida mucosa epithelial lining and liver function enzymes in albino rats.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Chemical Pathology Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, between March 2017 and January 2018.
Methodology: Twenty (20) albino rats have randomly divided into five (5) groups of A, B, C, D, and E of four rats each and were fed with an equal volume of ethanol extract of Cola nitida of 600, 1200, 1800 and 2400 mg/kg body weight of the rats by oral administration for 28 days, while group A serves as a control, respectively.
Results: Result indicates the LD50 was above 5000 mg/kg B.W., serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) activity revealed a significant increase (P = .05) for AST (31.23 ± 9.39), (40.44 ± 12.24), (44.59 ± 8.69), and (36.30 ± 13.18) in rats fed with 600, 1200, 1800 and 2400 mg/kg, and ALT (33.66 ± 7.94) for group fed with 2400 mg/kg B.W as compared against the control group (16.97 ± 6.58) and (20.11 ± 4.39). The serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) also showed a significant increase (P = .05) (7.99 ± 2.89), (7.07 ± 2.21), and (5.49 ± 1.28) in the group fed with 1200, 1800, and 2400 mg/kg as compared to the control (2.34 ±0.84). Histological studies on the mucosa epithelial lining showed an eroded epithelium and vacuolations at a dose above 1200 mg/kg as compared to the control group.
Conclusion: This study was able to establish that crude ethanol extract of Cola nitida have some deleterious effects on mucosa epithelial lining, and liver function enzymes.
Association between Phenotypic and Genotypic Distance Matrices of Advanced Breeding Lines of Lowland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) from Diverse Parents
Authors: Gopinath Ikkurti , Rai Ashish , Rai Mayank 
Published: March 2022

Background: The major staple food of the world, rice, is known for preferences in dietary diversification among the communities. Evaluation of advanced breeding lines developed from a set of diverse parents involved in different cross combination facilitates selection of promising genotypes, resource management and planning further breeding activities.
Methods: Totally, 22 advanced breeding lines of lowland rice in F7 were evaluated based on agro-morphologically and genotypically with molecular markers. Here we report correspondence between different distance matrices subjected to correlation based on Mantel test.
Results: Non significant (p-value > 0.05) correlation was observed between the matrices due to causal factors such as data type, markers used and genetic properties of lines as explained in the text. However, certain promising lines were selected from phenotypic performance as well as molecular fingerprints and grain quality evaluation relative to checks (CAUR1 and Shasarang) with specific context to north eastern hill region.
Performance of Browntop Millet (Brachiaria ramosa L.) under Varied Spacing and Fertility Levels
Authors: Sukanya T. S. , . Prabhakar , Nagaraja T. E. , Chaithra C. , Nandini C. , Bhat Sujatha 
Published: March 2022

Aims: Browntop millet is a warm season crop and it can produce heavy seeds compared to other millets. This crop grown on a variety of soils and climates. Brown top millet provide nearly all essential nutrients. Brown top millet referred as miracle or positive crop for the dry and rainfed situations. The Brown top millet is known for its rapid forage production.
Study Design: The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: An experiment was conducted for two consecutive Kharif seasons of 2019 and 2020 at Project Coordinating Unit, AICRP on Small Millets, Bangalore
Methodology: Main plot was having three levels of fertilizer viz., F1(75 % RDF), F2(100% RDF) and F3(125 % RDF) and sub plot was accommodated with four different level of spacings viz., S1(22.5 cm X 10 cm), S2(30 cm X 10 cm), S3(45 cm X 10 cm) and S4(60 cm x 10 cm)
Results: Results over years revealed that the plant height, number of tillers, 1000 seed weight, grain yield and straw yield found significantly higher with 125 per cent RDF however, was found on par with 100 per cent RDF. And regarding spacing, 45 cm x 10 cm was found optimum to realize higher yield.
Conclusion: Spacing of 45 cm x 10 cm proved its significant dominance with plant height, number of tillers, 1000 seed weight, grain yield and straw yield as compared to other spacings tested. The nutrient uptake by crop and nutrient availability in soil also showed significantly higher values at 125 per cent RDF followed by 100 per cent RDF and again at the wider spacing level of 45 cm x 10 cm. All these results were further strengthened with higher economic parameters viz., gross return, net return and B:C ratio.
Cancer Morbidity in Nigerian Females: The Need for a Grassroots Approach to its Prevention and Early Detection
Authors: Obahiagbon Ikponmwosa , Uchendu Obiora Jude 
Published: March 2022

Background: Cancer is increasingly becoming a major cause of morbidity and mortality, aggravated among women in developing countries because of increasing longevity, population growth and lack of capacity for treatment.
Aim: To highlight the cancer burden among Nigerian females and emphasize the need for a grassroots approach towards prevention and early detection.
Study design: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study.
Methodology: The study was retrospective, analysing data from histopathology reports of cases of cancer in females as diagnosed over 20 years (2000-2019) in the Department of Anatomical Pathology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria.
Results: Over 56% of all cancers affected females with 64.9% of cases in the 4th-6th decades. Cancers of the breast, uterine cervix, colon and rectum, uterine corpus, ovary, haematopoietic and lymphoreticular system, and thyroid contributed 36.8%, 20.5%, 4.9%, 3.3%, 2.7%, 2.2% and 2.2% of cancers respectively.
Conclusion: Cancer among Nigerian females is increasing in incidence in the face of the existing weak treatment framework. There is urgent need to invest in cancer prevention and early detection strategies using grassroots-oriented and pre-existing structures to achieve a reversal of this ugly trend.
Geographical Analysis of Crop Concentration and Crop Diversification of Dhule District (Maharashtra)
Authors: Kalu Ahire Dhanraj 
Published: March 2022

The Present investigation aims in studying the geographical analysis of crop concentration and crop diversification in Dhule District. The present study is based on secondary data collected from different government organizations as well as government report. The data covers 2020-21. All the types of crops are considered for the present study. In this study the economics of crop diversification, land concentration was computed. tahsilwise study showed that area under kharif crop has found to be decreased in all the Tehsils of Dhule District. The area under Shindhkheda, Dhule & Shirpur have high production of cotton. The diversification from subsistence crop to more commercial crops to more commercial crops were taking place in all Tehsils. In Dhule Districts main commercial Crops are Onion, Pomegranate and cotton. Khandesh region in Maharashtra celled highest cotton growing region.
Dhule district is important agriculture district in Maharashtra. Cotton, Bajara, Maize, Gram, Sugarcane, Jawar, Onion, has major crop in Dhule district. The cropping pattern, crop concentration, crop diversification is play on role for agriculture planning and development. Present paper attempt to geographical analysis to crop concentration and crop diversification Dhule district in period of 2020-21.
Accuracy of GeneXpert in Diagnosis of Smear Negative Tuberculosis: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Munir Muhammad Kashif , Rehman Sana , Aftab Ayesha , Asghar Naeem , Ali Akhtar , Nazar Netasha , Nazir Muhammad Amer , Hanif Asif 
Published: March 2022

Objective: This study was aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of GeneXpert in smear negative as compared to smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients.
Methods: This comparative cross sectional study was undertaken at Health Research Institute (National Institute of Health) TB Research Centre, Pulmonology King Edward Medical University Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 101 patients in each smear negative and positive groups were included. After taking the informed consent a predesigned questionnaire was used to collect the data.
Results: A total of 202 patients consisting of 94 (46.5%) male and 108 (53.5%) females with mean age of patients as 39.83±18.14 years were included in this study. Highest proportion of 45% patients remained to be in age range of 18-35 years. Culture presented the highest accuracy of 96.1% with sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of 95.9%, 100%, and 100% respectively while GeneXpert remained to be 94.6%, 94.9%, 80%, and 99.5% respectively in this study.
Conclusion: Accuracy of GeneXpert is excellent in diagnosis of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and very well in diagnosing smear negative pulmonary TB patients and a great addition in early and definite diagnosis of TB and keeps the ability to confirm around 75% smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis.
Study of the Effect of Ademol on the Dynamics of S 100 Protein in Rats with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Semenenko Sviatoslav , Semenenko Andrii , Saienko Andrii , Semenenko Natalia , Konovalova Nina , Babina Yuliana , Nazarchuk Halyna 
Published: March 2022

Currently: the problem of choosing an effective drug approach for cerebroprotection, in case of traumatic brain injury (TBI), remains to be poorly understood. Clinical studies of cerebroprotectors - antagonists of NMDA-receptors indicate the feasibility of their use in practice. In our opinion, for further research, it would be correct to choose a compound that has neuroprotective properties and synthesized under the guidance of Academician M.O. Lozynsky at the Institute of Organic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, a derivative of 1-adamantylethyloxy-3-morpholoin-2-propanol hydroxide (Ademol).
Materials and Methods: The pharmacological action of Ademol was investigated on the example of a simulated TBI at a dose of 2 mg/kg intravenously every 12 hours for 8 days. The control group and pseudooperated animals received NaCl 0,9% at a dose of 2 mg/kg intravenously (i/v), the comparison group received Amantadine sulfate 5 mg/kg. To determine the efficiency and activity of these molecules the activity of the protein S 100 was used.
Results: The dynamics of S 100 protein levels in groups of rats with Ademol and Amantadine sulfate with traumatic brain injury on the 8th day of observation indicates that on the background of the above therapy, the content of the studied marker decreased by an average of 50,8 and 39.9%. Treatment of rats with severe traumatic brain injury with Ademol at a dose of 2 mg/kg (i/v), was probably better than treatment of rats in the control group with saline and amantadine sulfate and better helped to reduce the growth of protein S 100 level, while Ademol exceeded the reference drug at 18,2% (p <0.05).
PLANTAS MEDICINAIS E FITOTERÁPICOS ÚTEIS NA ODONTOLOGIA CLÍNICA: UMA REVISÃO MEDICINAL PLANTS AND HERBAL MEDICINES USEFUL IN CLINICAL DENTISTRY: A REVIEW
Authors: Junior Jonas Ildefonso , Monteiro Álefe Brito 
Published: March 2022

Introdução: o Brasil possui uma grande biodiversidade de plantas medicinaiscom potencial aplicabilidade para a saúde bucal. Objetivo: esta revisãobuscou identificar as principais plantas medicinais e/ou fitoterápicosque podem ou são utilizados na prática odontológica e os seus benefícios.Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa e qualitativa;foram consultados os bancos de dados do Google acadêmico,Scielo e Pubmed e o único critério de elegibilidade foram artigos de pesquisaexperimental e/ou de revisão de literatura que abordassem o temaem questão, sem restrição de língua e tempo. Resultados: sete espéciesforam identificadas com grande potencial de uso na odontologia. Cravo-da-Índia (Syzygium aromaticum), Capim-limão (Cymbopogon citratus),Camomila (Matricaria chamomillaI), Malva (Malva sylvestris), Romã(Punica granatum), Unha-de-gato (Uncaria tomentosa) e o Própolis, sãocomumente utilizadas pela medicinal popular e tradicional no alívio outratamento de enfermidades bucais. Vários estudos comprovam a eficáciae os benefícios desses produtos naturais no tratamento de infecções,inflamação e algias, atribuídos aos diversos compostos farmacologicamenteativos presentes em suas folhas, flores, etc. Conclusão: foi possívelidentificar que a prática do uso de compostos de origem natural podeser útil e seguro na clínica odontológica, entretanto nota-se resistênciaou falta de conhecimento por profissionais da área no uso dessa práticacomplementar. Introduction: Brazil has a great biodiversity of medicinal plants with potentialapplicability for oral health. Purpose: This review aim to identifythe main medicinal and/or phytotherapeutic plants that can or are usedin dental practice and its benefits. Methodology: It is a narrative and qualitativereview; the databases of the Google Scholar, Scielo and Pubmedwere consulted and the only eligibility criteria were articles of experimental research and/or literature review that addressed the subject in question,without language and time restriction. Results: Seven species wereidentified with great potential for use in dentistry. Indian Claw (Syzygiumaromaticum), Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), Camomile (MatricariachamomillaI), Mallow (Malva sylvestris), Pomegranate (Punica granatum),Cat’s Claw (Uncaria tomentosa) and Propolis, are commonly used by popularand traditional medicinal for the relief or treatment of oral diseases.Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy and benefits of these naturalproducts in the treatment of infections, inflammation and allergiesattributed to the various pharmacologically active compounds present intheir leaves, flowers, etc. Conclusion: It was possible to identify that thepractice of the use of compounds of natural origin can be useful and safein the dental clinic, however it is noted resistance or lack of knowledge byprofessionals in the area in the use of this complementary practice.