bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Red propolis exhibits chemopreventive effect associated with antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities
Authors: de Freitas Karoline Soares , da Silva Lucas Henrique Domingos , Squarisi Iara Silva , de Souza Oliveira Lucas Teixeira , Ribeiro Arthur Barcelos , Alves Bianca Silva , Esperandim Tábata Rodrigues , de Melo Matheus Reis Santos , Ozelin Saulo Duarte , Lemes Danieli Cristina , Bastos Jairo Kenupp , Veneziani Rodrigo Cassio Sola , Tavares Denise Crispim 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Red propolis is synthetized from exudates of Dalbergia ecastophyllum (L) Taub. and Symphonia globulifera L.f., presents isoflavones, guttiferone E, xanthochymol, and oblongifolin B and has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiproliferative activities. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the antigenotoxic and anticarcinogenic potential of red propolis hydroalcoholic extract (RPHE) in rodents. METHODS: The influence of RPHE in doxorubicin (DXR)-induced genotoxicity was investigated through the micronucleus test in Swiss mice. Blood samples were also collected to investigate oxidative stress, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. Was investigated the influence of RPHE in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced aberrant crypt foci, as well as its influence in proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in colon of rats, by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The results showed that RPHE (48 mg/kg) reduced DXR-induced genotoxicity. Animals treated with DXR showed significantly lower GSH serum levels in comparison to the negative control. RPHE treatments did not attenuated significantly the DXR-induced GSH depletion. No difference was observed in cytotoxicity parameters of mice hematopoietic tissues between the treatment groups, as well as the biochemical parameters of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. RPHE (12 mg/kg) reduced the DMH-induced carcinogenicity and toxicity, as well as DMH-induced PCNA and COX-2 expression in colon tissue. CONCLUSION: Therefore, was observed that the RPHE has chemopreventive effect, associated to antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities.
Novel Vertical Cup-to-Disc Classification to Identify Normal Eyes That Maintain Non-Glaucoma Status: A 10-Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Ikeda Yoko , Mori Kazuhiko , Maruyama Yuko , Ueno Morio , Yoshii Kengo , Yamamoto Yuji , Imai Kojiro , Omi Natsue , Sato Ryuichi , Sato Fumiko , Nakano Masakazu , Hamuro Junji , Tashiro Kei , Sotozono Chie , Kinoshita Shigeru 
Published: August 2022

Précis:
We propose a new classification model to serve as a control for future genomic studies of glaucoma by distinguishing normal subjects maintaining non-glaucoma status for 10 years using the vertical cup-to-disc ratio (VCDR).

Purpose:
This study aimed to develop a classification for distinguishing subjects maintaining non-glaucoma status for 10 years using the VCDR.

Participants and Methods:
Among 842 volunteers 40 years and older, 421 volunteers participated in the second ophthalmic examination 10 years after their first examination. Each volunteer was diagnosed either as healthy normal or glaucoma suspect (GS) in the first glaucoma screening examinations. The former was further classified into the 3 grades of N1, N2, and N3. Specifically, N1 represented (1) VCDR <0.3; (2) no notching or nerve fiber layer defect; and (3) no undermining, N2 indicated 0.3≤VCDR<0.6 and conditions (2) and (3) of N1; and N3 represented 0.3≤VCDR<0.6 with undermining and condition (2), or 0.6≤VCDR<0.7 and condition (2) of N1. Glaucoma transition rates (GTRs) were evaluated in 421 volunteers who returned to participate after a 10-year period.

Results:
GTRs were calculated as 1.3% in both N1 and N2, 3.9% in N3, and 18.2% in GS. The ratio of volunteers in the same category maintenance rate increased from N1 to N3.

Conclusion:
GTRs were lower in N1 and N2 than in N3 or GS during the 10-year study period. This novel classification of healthy non-glaucoma subjects may help identify those, especially Japanese males, who maintain a non-glaucoma status for an extended period of 10 years.
Evaluation of a polymer-coated nanoparticle cream formulation of resiniferatoxin for the treatment of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Baskaran Padmamalini , Mohandass Adithya , Gustafson Noah , Bennis Jane , Louis Somaja , Alexander Brenda , Nemenov Mikhail I. , Thyagarajan Baskaran , Premkumar Louis S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) is one of the major complications of diabetes. Currently, centrally acting drugs and topical analgesics are used for treating PDPN. These drugs have adverse effects; some are ineffective, and treatment with opioids is associated with use dependence and addiction. Recent research indicates that transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) expressed in the peripheral sensory nerve terminals is an emerging target to treat pain associated with PDPN. Block of TRPV1 ion channel with specific antagonists, although effective as an analgesic, induced hyperthermia in clinical trials. However, TRPV1 agonists are useful to treat pain by virtue of their ability to cause Ca2+ influx and subsequently leading to nerve terminal desensitization. Here, we report the effectiveness of an ultrapotent TRPV1 agonist, resiniferatoxin (RTX) nanoparticle, in a topical formulation (RTX-cream; RESINIZIN) that alleviates pain associated with DPN in animal models of diabetes. Resiniferatoxin causes nerve terminal depolarization block in the short term, which prevents pain during application and leading to nerve terminal desensitization/depletion in the long term resulting in long-lasting pain relief. Application of RTX cream to the hind limbs suppresses thermal hyperalgesia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and mini pigs without any adverse effects as compared with capsaicin at therapeutic doses, which induces intense pain during application. Resiniferatoxin cream also decreases the expression of TRPV1 in the peripheral nerve endings and suppresses TRPV1-mediated calcitonin gene–related peptide release in the skin samples of diabetic rats and mini pigs. Our preclinical data confirm that RTX topical formulation is an effective treatment option for PDPN.
Increased nasality of connected speech in patients underwent modified Lothrop procedure for refractory chronic rhinosinusitis: Cross-sectional and prospective study
Authors: Pan Yi-An , Wang Ying-Piao , Lee Guo-She , Hsieh Li-Chun , Chen Yi-Chen 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure (EMLP) is performed to create a large frontal neostium in patients who had failed previous frontal sinus surgeries. EMLP causes obvious changes in the volume and anatomy of the sinuses, which may cause a more significant change in nasality. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in nasalance in patients who underwent EMLP by comparing their preoperative nasalance to the established normative values and postoperative nasalance.

Methods:
This was a prospective study. Twenty-one patients diagnosed with refractory frontal sinusitis who were indicated to undergo EMLP were enrolled. One hundred one healthy participants were enrolled as norm references. The Nasometer II Model 6400 (KayPENTAX) was used to analyze the nasalance scores. Nasalance scores were tested before surgery and 1 and 3 months after the surgery.

Results:
The normative references of nasalance were (mean ± SD) 14.6% ± 6.7%, 39.4% ± 8.4%, and 55.8% ± 8.3% for the oral passage, oral-nasal passage, and nasal sentences, respectively. The mean nasalance scores pre-EMLP and 1 and 3 months post-EMLP were 23.2% ± 9.6%, 29.0% ± 9.3%, and 29.9% ± 0.4% for the oral passage; 48.7% ± 10.7%, 54.7% ± 7.7%, and 56.4% ± 7.2% for the oral-nasal passage; and 62.7% ± 10.9%, 69.8% ± 6.7%, and 70.7% ± 6.4% for the nasal sentences, respectively. Compared with the normative references, pre-EMLP nasalance was higher for all the three speech stimuli (t-test, p < 0.05). Post-EMLP nasalance also significantly increased for all the three stimuli at the 1- and 3-month follow-up visits (Paired t-test, p < 0.05).

Conclusion:
EMLP has a short-term impact on resonance; however, long-term follow-up is required for further study.
Patient Characteristics and Positive Outcomes Associated With a Novel Youth Inpatient Program for Concurrent Disorders
Authors: Saulnier Luc , Keramatian Kamyar , Cohen Jordan 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Concurrent substance use and mental health disorders in youth are a major public health concern and require specialized and comprehensive services. In this paper, a novel inpatient tertiary care facility serving youth aged 13 to 18 with significant concurrent substance use and mental health issues is introduced. The development of this unit was prompted by the opioid overdose crisis in British Columbia and serves as the third concurrent disorders unit in Canada catered specifically to an adolescent population. From its opening in 2017, preadmission and postadmission data from each patient was gathered with the aim of providing a robust image of the serviced patient population as well as the efficacy of this service model. Patients admitted to this program had significantly higher quality of life (d = 0.65) and significantly lower suicidality (d = 0.86) at discharge, compared with at admission. Patients identifying as female had significantly lower quality of life, higher suicidality, and higher prevalence of adverse childhood events compared with patients identifying as male. Results from this program evaluation outline the efficacy of a novel concurrent disorders program for youth while further providing an overview of clinical and relevant demographic characteristics from an underanalyzed patient population.
The history of cardiac pacing in the young and a look to the future
Authors: Cohen Mitchell I. , Thurber Cristina 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of review
The purpose of this review is to explore the historical and serendipitous events that led to the creation of modern-day pacemakers. In addition, this review will explore how contemporary conduction site-specific pacing has overcome some of the deleterious effects from historical chronic right ventricular apical pacing.

Recent findings
Recently, there have been tremendous advances in not just the lead design but the tools required to promote more physiologic pacing. Although cardiac resynchronization pacing has been around for nearly 2 decades, this review also introduces and discusses the early results of His-bundle pacing and left bundle branch pacing and some of the potential applicability of this technology for our children.

Summary
Pacemakers have evolved significantly in the last 30 years through collaborative partnerships between physicians and engineers. The future of cardiac pacing is bright compared to the field of electrotherapy 50 years ago. Future iterations of pacemakers must consider unusual anatomy and growing children. Pediatric patients contribute to a small percentage of the overall device volume, but the majority of these patients will have a pacemaker for life. We need to be proactive and consider what are the best short and long-term solutions for this cohort.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Outcomes in Children With Preexisting Neurologic Disorders or Neurofunctional Disability*
Authors: Dante Siddhartha A. , Carroll Megan K. , Ng Derek K. , Patel Ankur , Spinella Philip C. , Steiner Marie E. , Loftis Laura L. , Bembea Melania M. ,   for the Pediatric ECMO (PediECMO) subgroup of the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network and the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO)
Published: August 2022

Objective:
Patient selection for pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support has broadened over the years to include children with pre-existing neurologic morbidities. We aimed to determine the prevalence and nature of pre-ECMO neurologic disorders or disability and investigate the association between pre-ECMO neurologic disorders or disability and mortality and unfavorable neurologic outcome.

Design:
Multicenter retrospective observational cohort study.

Setting:
Eight hospitals reporting to the Pediatric ECMO Outcomes Registry between October 2011 and June 2019.

Patients:
Children younger than 18 years supported with venoarterial or venovenous ECMO.

Interventions:
The primary exposure was presence of pre-ECMO neurologic disorders or moderate-to-severe disability, defined as Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC) or Pediatric Overall Performance Category (POPC) 3–5. The primary outcome was unfavorable outcome at hospital discharge, defined as in-hospital mortality or survival with moderate-to-severe disability (discharge PCPC 3–5 with deterioration from baseline).

Measurements and Main Results:
Of 598 children included in the final cohort, 68 of 598 (11%) had a pre-ECMO neurologic disorder, 70 of 595 (12%) had a baseline PCPC 3–5, and 189 of 592 (32%) had a baseline POPC 3–5. The primary outcome of in-hospital mortality (n = 267) or survival with PCPC 3–5 with deterioration from baseline (n = 39) was observed in 306 of 598 (51%). Overall, one or more pre-ECMO neurologic disorders or disability were present in 226 of 598 children (38%) but, after adjustment for age, sex, diagnostic category, pre-ECMO cardiac arrest, and ECMO mode, were not independently associated with increased odds of unfavorable outcome (unadjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.34; 95% CI, 1.07–1.69; multivariable adjusted OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.92–1.82).

Conclusions:
In this exploratory study using a multicenter pediatric ECMO registry, more than one third of children requiring ECMO support had pre-ECMO neurologic disorders or disability. However, pre-existing morbidities were not independently associated with mortality or unfavorable neurologic outcomes at hospital discharge after adjustment for diagnostic category and other covariates.
Pregnancy in Women With HIV in a Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy Trial
Authors: Singh Priya , Moulton Lawrence H. , Barnes Grace L. , Gupta Amita , Msandiwa Reginah , Chaisson Richard E. , Martinson Neil A. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT) is recommended for people with HIV infection, including during pregnancy. The effect of TPT exposure at conception and during pregnancy is poorly documented.

Methods:
We report pregnancy outcomes among South African women with HIV enrolled in a randomized trial of 4 TPT regimens (two 3-month regimens, rifapentine/isoniazid [3HP] or rifampin/isoniazid [3HR], isoniazid for 6 months, or isoniazid continuously). Descriptive statistics and risk ratios were assessed to examine relationships between study regimens and outcomes.

Results:
216/896 women (24%) conceived during the study. Women who conceived were younger (27.9 vs 31.3 years) and had higher mean CD4 counts (589.1 vs 536.7). The odds of pregnancy were higher in women in the rifamycin-isoniazid arms than those in the isoniazid arms (3HP: relative risk [RR] 1.73, P = 0.001; 3HR:RR 1.55, P = 0.017) despite increased contraceptive use compared with the standard 6H therapy. Thirty-four women became pregnant while taking preventive treatment (8 rifamycin and 26 isoniazid monotherapy). Pregnancy outcomes in these women were as follows: 17 (50%) mother/baby healthy, 3 (9%) spontaneous abortions, 6 (18%) elective abortions, 1 (3%) premature delivery, 2 (6%) neonatal deaths [1 rifamycin-isoniazid and 1 isoniazid], and 5 (15%) unknown.

Conclusions:
Pregnancy was common in women who had received TPT and more frequent in women who had received rifamycin-isoniazid–based regimens.
Clinical Results Evaluation of Patients With Submental Mass Through Endoscopy-Assisted Transoral Surgery
Authors: Zhu Chuandong , Liu Deyu , Liu Zhixin , Rui Tao , Zhou Bin , Wang Youyuan 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Surgical resection through extraoral approach is the first choice for submental mass but leaves a visible scar. This study introduces an endoscopy-assisted transoral approach to resect submental mass and evaluates the clinical results.

Patients and Methods:
From September 2018 to December 2019, 5 patients with submental mass underwent surgical resection through endoscopy-assisted transoral approach. The swallowing, speech, and appearance domains of the University of Washington Quality of Life questionnaire were assessed preoperatively and at 3 months postoperatively.

Results:
Each mass was completely removed without rupture. No patient developed any permanent postoperative complications. The function and aesthetic outcomes were excellent without recurrence.

Conclusions:
Endoscopy-assisted transoral approach for resection of submental mass is a reliable technique that achieves excellent postoperative aesthetics and functional results.
Midface Rejuvenation With Autologous Fat Grafting
Authors: Sheng Lingling , Yu Ziyou , Li Shengli , Jiang Zhaohua , Cao Weigang 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Midface rejuvenation is important to restore a youthful and appealing appearance. However, there are several problems existed in the treatment of fat grafting, including low fat retention and undesired aesthetic outcomes.

Objective:
To objectively evaluate the efficacy of midface fat grafting, and analyze the problems encountered in this process to increase patient satisfaction.

Methods:
Thirty-two patients who underwent autologous fat grafting for midface augmentation were included. Facial analysis was performed based on preoperative and postoperative photographs. Satisfaction outcome was assessed by the patient, the surgeon, and a layperson postoperatively.

Results:
After treatment, 87.5% of the patients were assessed as satisfactory and mostly satisfactory based on facial proportion and complications. The postoperative medial cheek projection was 1.92±0.26 times the height of the preoperative one (P<0.01). A smooth lid-cheek junction, a single convex, and ameliorated nasolabial groove were obtained. The dark coloration and wrinkles in lower eyelid were improved. The most common complication was overcorrection, which could be resolved with further treatments.

Conclusions:
Autologous fat grafting remains an optimal option for midface rejuvenation with satisfactory results. Most of the complications are preventable and optimal outcomes can be obtained through correct comprehension of aesthetic features and proper operations.
Natural History of Traumatic Encephaloceles: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Langman Maya , Stopa Brittany M. , Cuoco Joshua A. , Patel Vaibhav M. , Rogers Cara M. , Marvin Eric A. 
Published: August 2022

Encephaloceles rarely develop following traumatic skull fractures. Given their low incidence, the clinical presentations and management strategies of these lesions are confined to case reports and limited case series. A systematic literature review was performed using PubMed, Ovid, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant articles using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A total of 37 articles met inclusion criteria, including the case presented herein. These articles reported 52 traumatic encephaloceles. Mean patient age was 25.3 years (range 6 mo–66 y) with a male predominance (63%, 33/52). The most common bony defects resulting in encephalocele formation were the orbital roof (52%, 27/52), ethmoid (35%, 18/52), and sphenoid (10%, 5/52). Mean time from traumatic injury to initial presentation was 21.3 months (range 0 d–36 y) with a bimodal distribution split between immediately following the traumatic injury (57%, 26/46) or in a delayed manner (43%, 20/46). Common presentations of orbital roof, frontonasal, and temporal bone encephaloceles were exophthalmos (85%, 23/27), cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea (71%, 17/24), and hearing loss (100%, 4/4), respectively. Operative approach, repair technique, and materials used for encephalocele reduction were highly variable. Surgical intervention afforded definitive symptomatic improvement or resolution in the majority of cases (89%, 42/47). Clinical outcomes did not differ between orbital, frontonasal, or temporal bone encephaloceles (P=0.438). Traumatic encephaloceles are a rare entity with diverse presenting symptomatology dependent upon the location of fracture dehiscence. Surgical intervention affords symptomatic improvement in the majority of cases irrespective of encephalocele location, time to presentation, or operative approach.
Robotic Pancreaticoduodenectomy: Increased Adoption and Improved Outcomes
Authors: Khachfe Hussein H. , Nassour Ibrahim , Hammad Abdulrahman Y. , Hodges Jacob C. , AlMasri Samer , Liu Hao , deSilva Anissa , Kraftician Jasmine , Lee Kenneth K. , Pitt Henry A. , Zureikat Amer H. , Paniccia Alessandro 
Published: August 2022

Objective:To compare the rate of postoperative 30-day complications between laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) and robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy (RPD).Background:Previous studies suggest that minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MI-PD)—either LPD or RPD—is noninferior to open pancreaticoduodenectomy in terms of operative outcomes. However, a direct comparison of the two minimally invasive approaches has not been rigorously performed.Methods:Patients who underwent MI-PD were abstracted from the 2014 to 2019 pancreas-targeted American College of Surgeons National Sample Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) dataset. Optimal outcome was defined as absence of postoperative mortality, serious complication, percutaneous drainage, reoperation, and prolonged length of stay (75th percentile, 11 days) with no readmission. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to compare optimal outcome of RPD and LPD.Results:A total of 1540 MI-PDs were identified between 2014 and 2019, of which 885 (57%) were RPD and 655 (43%) were LPD. The rate of RPD cases/year significantly increased from 2.4% to 8.4% (P=0.008) from 2014 to 2019, while LPD remained unchanged. Similarly, the rate of optimal outcome for RPD increased during the study period from 48.2% to 57.8% (P<0.001) but significantly decreased for LPD (53.5% to 44.9%,P<0.001). During 2018–2019, RPD outcomes surpassed LPD for any complication [odds ratio (OR)=0.58,P=0.004], serious complications (OR=0.61,P=0.011), and optimal outcome (OR=1.78,P=0.001).Conclusions:RPD adoption increased compared with LPD and was associated with decreased overall complications, serious complications, and increased optimal outcome compared with LPD in 2018–2019.