bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of bonding agent application method on the dentin bond durability of a two‐step adhesive utilizing a universal‐adhesive‐derived primer
Authors: Katsuki Shun , Takamizawa Toshiki , Yokoyama Munenori , Sai Keiichi , Tamura Tomohiko , Ishii Ryo , Kamimoto Atsushi , Miyazaki Masashi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of the bonding agent application method on the dentin bond durability of a two‐step adhesive utilizing a universal‐adhesive‐derived primer. The bonding durability of a universal adhesive was compared with those of two conventional two‐step adhesives by shear bond strength testing after thermal cycling. The primer was applied (with or without phosphoric acid pre‐etching), and the specimens were divided into three groups based on the bonding agent application method used as follows: (i) strong air‐flow application, (ii) gentle air‐flow application, and (iii) gentle air‐flow + second bonding application. The shear bond strength was determined after thermal cycling. All the factors (bonding agent application method, adhesive system, and storage condition) significantly influenced the dentin shear bond strength both with and without phosphoric acid pre‐etching. The specimens exposed to gentle air‐flow showed a higher shear bond strength than did those exposed to strong air‐flow and gentle air‐flow + second bonding. The bond durability of the tested adhesive systems was influenced by the bonding agent application method, and this trend was material dependent. The G2‐Bond Universal exhibited the same or greater dentin bond durability to the other two‐step adhesive systems.
Ten years of marine evolutionary biology—Challenges and achievements of a multidisciplinary research initiative
Authors: Johannesson Kerstin , Leder Erica H. , André Carl , Dupont Sam , Eriksson Susanne P. , Harding Karin , Havenhand Jonathan N. , Jahnke Marlene , Jonsson Per R. , Kvarnemo Charlotta , Pavia Henrik , Rafajlović Marina , Rödström Eva Marie , Thorndyke Michael , Blomberg Anders 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Centre for Marine Evolutionary Biology (CeMEB) at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, was established in 2008 through a 10‐year research grant of 8.7 m€ to a team of senior researchers. Today, CeMEB members have contributed >500 scientific publications, 30 PhD theses and have organised 75 meetings and courses, including 18 three‐day meetings and four conferences. What are the footprints of CeMEB, and how will the centre continue to play a national and international role as an important node of marine evolutionary research? In this perspective article, we first look back over the 10 years of CeMEB activities and briefly survey some of the many achievements of CeMEB. We furthermore compare the initial goals, as formulated in the grant application, with what has been achieved, and discuss challenges and milestones along the way. Finally, we bring forward some general lessons that can be learnt from a research funding of this type, and we also look ahead, discussing how CeMEB’s achievements and lessons can be used as a springboard to the future of marine evolutionary biology.
Optimization of differentiated regional land development patterns based on urban expansion simulation—A case in China
Authors: Gao Yang , Shen Zhen , Liu Yuexin , Yu Chaoyue , Cui Lihan , Song Cuiling 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe advancing global urbanization puts great pressure on the society and ecosystem, especially in developing countries. Reasonable land‐use policies adapted to local conditions are the key issues to prevent disordered urban expansion. Multi‐scenario simulation provides a new perspective for differentiated policy formulation based on regional heterogeneity. Regarding the Shaanxi Province, a rapid urbanized area with high spatial heterogeneity in western China, as the study case, we tracked its past land‐use changes and predicted the characteristics of urban expansion using the Future Urban‐Regional Environment Simulation model. We found that (1) during the past 35 years, built‐up land evidently increased accompanied by the loss of cropland, grassland, and unused land. (2) The urban expansion mainly will occur in the areas with flat terrain under three scenarios. (3) The urban expansion will transit into the “requiring land from mountains” pattern in the future, which means that it will gradually spread to areas with higher slopes. (4) Differentiated and optimal development patterns are proposed for different subregions by accounting the loss of ecosystem service in the procedure of urban expansion. This research can help local governments formulate differentiated future macro control of territorial spatial planning to optimize subregional land development.
Mpeg1 is not essential for antibacterial or antiviral immunity, but is implicated in antigen presentation
Authors: Ebrahimnezhaddarzi Salimeh , Bird Catherina H , Allison Cody C , Tuipulotu Daniel E , Kostoulias Xenia , Macri Christophe , Stutz Michael D , Abraham Gilu , Kaiserman Dion , Pang Siew Siew , Man Si Ming , Mintern Justine D , Naderer Thomas , Peleg Anton Y , Pellegrini Marc , Whisstock James C , Bird Phillip I 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo control infections phagocytes can directly kill invading microbes. Macrophage‐expressed gene 1 (Mpeg1), a pore‐forming protein sometimes known as perforin‐2, is reported to be essential for bacterial killing following phagocytosis. Mice homozygous for the mutant allele Mpeg1tm1Pod succumb to bacterial infection and exhibit deficiencies in bacterial killing in vitro. Here we describe a new Mpeg mutant allele Mpeg1tm1.1Pib on the C57BL/6J background. Mice homozygous for the new allele are not abnormally susceptible to bacterial or viral infection, and irrespective of genetic background show no perturbation in bacterial killing in vitro. Potential reasons for these conflicting findings are discussed. In further work, we show that cytokine responses to inflammatory mediators, as well as antibody generation, are also normal in Mpeg1tm1.1Pib/tm1.1Pib mice. We also show that Mpeg1 is localized to a CD68‐positive endolysosomal compartment, and that it exists predominantly as a processed, two‐chain disulfide‐linked molecule. It is abundant in conventional dendritic cells 1, and mice lacking Mpeg1 do not present the model antigen ovalbumin efficiently. We conclude that Mpeg1 is not essential for innate antibacterial protection or antiviral immunity, but may play a focused role early in the adaptive immune response.
Low‐temperature Pr3Si2C2‐assisted liquid‐phase sintering of SiC with improved thermal conductivity
Authors: Xu Jie , Zhou Xiaobing , Zou Shunrui , Chen Lu , Tatarko Peter , Dai Jian‐Qing , Huang Zhengren , Huang Qing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA novel Pr3Si2C2 additive was uniformly coated on SiC particles using a molten‐salt method to fabricate a high‐density SiC ceramics via liquid‐phase spark plasma sintering at a relatively low temperature (1400°C). According to the calculated Pr–Si–C‐phase diagram, the liquid phase was formed at ∼1217°C, which effectively improved the sintering rate of SiC by the solution–reprecipitation process. When the sintering temperature increased from 1400 to 1600°C, the thermal conductivity of SiC increased from 84 to 126 W/(m K), as a consequence of the grain growth. However, an increasing amount of the sintering additive increased the interfacial thermal resistance, resulting in a decrease of thermal conductivity of the materials. The highest thermal conductivity of 141 W/(m K) was obtained for the material having the largest SiC grains and an optimized amount of the additive at the grain boundaries and triple junctions. The proposed Pr3Si2C2‐assisted liquid‐phase sintering of SiC can be potentially used for the fabrication of SiC‐based ceramic composites, where a low sintering temperature would inhibit the grain growth of SiC fibers.
Comparison of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion treatment and multiple daily injection treatment on the progression of diabetic complications in Japanese patients with juvenile‐onset type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Masuda Takafumi , Katakami Naoto , Taya Naohiro , Miyashita Kazuyuki , Takahara Mitsuyoshi , Kato Ken , Kuroda Akio , Matsuhisa Munehide , Shimomura Iichiro 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTTo evaluate whether continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion attenuates the progression of diabetic complications, we retrospectively extracted data from 35 individuals who had developed type 1 diabetes mellitus aged ≤20 years and whose treatment had been changed from multiple daily injections to continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. The annual changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate, urinary albumin excretion rate, carotid intima‐media thickness and brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity during each treatment period were calculated. Although mean glycated hemoglobin under the continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion treatment was lower than that under the multiple daily injection treatment, there were no significant differences in annual changes in diabetic nephropathy and atherosclerosis between the two treatment periods. This pilot study showed that, in Japanese patients with juvenile‐onset type 1 diabetes mellitus, there was no significant difference in the progression of diabetic nephropathy and atherosclerosis, at least in the early stage, between the two treatments.
Adapting an integrated care pathway for implementing electronic patient reported outcomes assessment in routine oncology care: Lessons learned from a case study
Authors: Bamgboje‐Ayodele Adeola , Avery Sandra , Pearson Joanne , Mak May , Smith Kylie , Rincones Orlando , Vinod Shalini , Bray Victoria , Ducinoska Ivana , McCarthy Karina , Williamson Kimberley , Delaney Geoff P. ,   the PROMPT‐Care Implementation Authorship Group, Girgis Afaf 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRationale, Aims and ObjectiveDetails of the development and implementation of integrated care pathways (ICPs) in the context of electronic collection of patient reported outcomes (ePROs) for cancer patients are largely lacking in the literature. This study describes what, why and how decisions were made to adapt and implement an ePROs ICP for patients with lung cancer.MethodsA consensus process was utilized, with the implementation advisory group including multidisciplinary representation from three participating hospitals, to identify local champions and adapt and incorporate the ePRO ICP into the local contexts. Engagement meetings were documented via meeting transcripts, and detailed notes from October 2019 to November 2020 were content‐analysed to identify decision‐making themes based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research; workflows and process maps were reviewed and modified to integrate ePROs.ResultsIn total, 55 engagement activities were held (24 meetings, 20 workshops 11 educational sessions), with n = 96 staff from multiple disciplines participating in the ePROs implementation through advisory meetings, process mapping, change management and staff education. Decisions were made regarding eligible patient cohorts to include, the process for onboarding patients onto the ePRO system, and follow‐up and referral pathways. Rationales for decisions included alignment with existing workflows, utilizing available staff, minimizing staff and patient burden and maximizing patient engagement.ConclusionExisting resources, staff input and technical and logistical reasons often guided the ICP decisions, highlighting the need for in‐depth engagement across all stakeholders for optimal implementation of ePRO ICPs. The ePRO implementation required substantial dialogue and systematic resolution to reach agreement on the final processes. Adapting the local ICP through rigorous engagement facilitated the successful implementation of ePROs as business‐as‐usual at all three cancer centres. Involving all relevant stakeholders is critical to the successful adaptation of ICPs before their introduction into routine care.
Flexible insurance for long‐term care: A study of stated preferences
Authors: Wu Shang , Bateman Hazel , Stevens Ralph , Thorp Susan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAging societies need efficient and flexible systems to finance care for the frail elderly. We study pre‐retirees' demand for flexible insurance that can finance informal long‐term care by paying income in poor health states instead of reimbursing formal care costs. We collect and analyze stated preferences for this long‐term care income product, and preferences for informal care. When asked to allocate wealth to a life annuity, a liquid investment and flexible long‐term care insurance, around 75% of our sample of 1008 pre‐retirees choose some long‐term care cover. Study participants treat long‐term care income insurance as a complement to informal care from their families. Females who expect to rely exclusively on extensive care from family members prefer more cover than similar males. We also find that if long‐term care income insurance were available, some healthier seniors would purchase additional longevity insurance, using liquid funds otherwise set aside to self‐insure long‐term care risk.
Estimating baseline kidney function in hospitalized adults with acute kidney injury
Authors: Larsen Thomas , See Emily J. , Holmes Natasha , Bellomo Rinaldo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimBaseline serum creatinine values are required to diagnose acute kidney injury but are often unavailable. We evaluated four conventional equations to estimate creatinine. We then developed and validated a new equation corrected by age and gender.MethodsWe retrospectively examined adults who, at first hospital admission, had available baseline creatinine data and developed acute kidney injury ≥24 h after admission. We split the study population: 50% (derivation) to develop a new linear equation and 50% (validation) to compare against conventional equations for bias, precision, and accuracy. We stratified analyses by age and gender.ResultsWe studied 3139 hospitalized adults (58% male, median age 71). Conventional equations performed poorly in bias and accuracy in patients aged <60 or ≥75 (68% of the study population). The new linear equation had less bias and more accuracy. There were no clinically significant differences in precision. The median (95% confidence interval) difference in creatinine values estimated via the new equation minus measured baselines was 0.9 (−3.0, 5.9) and −0.5 (−7.0, 3.7) μmol/L in female patients 18–60 and 75–100, and −1.5 (−4.2, 2.2) and −7.8 (−12.7, −3.6) μmol/L in male patients 18–60 and 75–100, respectively. The new equation improved reclassification of KDIGO AKI stages compared to the MDRD II equation by 5.0%.ConclusionEquations adjusted for age and gender are less biased and more accurate than unadjusted equations. Our new equation performed well in terms of bias, precision, accuracy, and reclassification.
Bindarit Reduces Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice by Inhibiting CCL2 and CCL7 Expression via the NF‐κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yuan Shi‐guo , Hu Hong‐ling , Wang Xin‐jia , Yang Jin‐cheng , Zhou Rong‐ping , Bai Xiao‐chun , Lai Ping‐lin 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the changes in proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, namely, C‐C motif ligand (CCL) 2 and CCL7, in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) and to develop a new drug, bindarit (Bnd), for PMOP in an ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model.MethodsBone marrow macrophages (BMMs) from the femurs of five women with PMOP and five premenopausal women without osteoporosis were detected by RNA sequencing. BMMs from mice were differentiated into osteoclasts and treated with a synthetic inhibitor of CCL2 and CCL7, Bnd, or 17 beta estradiol (E2). Mouse BMMs were differentiated into osteoclasts with or without Bnd for 7 days and analyzed by RNA sequencing. Osteoblasts of mice were induced to undergo osteoblastogenesis and treated with Bnd. OVX mice were treated with E2 or Bnd after surgery. The protein and mRNA expression of CCL2 and CCL7 was detected using immunostaining and qPCR, respectively, in OVX and aged mice and in cells cultured in vitro. Osteoclast formation was detected using a tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) assay in vitro and in vivo. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt‐related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteocalcin (OCN) were detected using immunostaining to evaluate osteogenesis. Microcomputed tomography was conducted to analyze trabecular bone parameters, the structure model index, bone mineral density and other variables. Nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling pathway‐related protein phosphorylation of IKKα/β (p‐IKKα/β) and p‐NFκB p65 was examined using western blotting.ResultsCCL2, CCL7 and their receptor of C‐C chemokine receptor‐2 (CCR2), and the NF‐κB signaling pathway, were significantly increased in women with PMOP. CCL2 and CCL7 protein and mRNA expression was increased in OVX mice and aged female mice, but the increases were attenuated by E2 and Bnd. E2 and Bnd effectively inhibited osteoclastogenesis and the protein expression of CCL2 and CCL7 both in vitro and in vivo and reduced bone loss in OVX mice. Bnd did not affect the mineralization of osteoblasts directly in vitro but reduced bone turnover in vivo. p‐IKKα/β and p‐NFκB p65 levels were increased in BMMs of mice after differentiation into osteoclasts but were significantly decreased by Bnd.ConclusionThe proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines CCL2, CCL7 and CCR2 were correlated with PMOP. Bnd attenuated the increases in CCL2 and CCL7 levels to affect osteoporosis in OVX mice via the NFκB signaling pathway. Thus, Bnd may be useful as a new therapeutic for the prevention of PMOP.
Good outcomes after pediatric intraperitoneal kidney transplant
Authors: Gerzina Elizabeth A. , Brewer Eileen D. , Guhan Maya , Geha Joseph D. , Huynh Anh P. , O’Conor Daniel , Thorsen Andrew C. , Tan Gail C. , Bhakta Kirti , Hosek Kat , Malik Tahir H. , O’Mahony Christine A. , Faraone Marielle E. , Fuller Kelby , Rana Abbas , Swartz Sarah J. , Srivaths Poyyapakkam R. , Galván N. Thao N. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundKidney transplantation in small children is technically challenging. Consideration of whether to use intraperitoneal versus extraperitoneal placement of the graft depends on patient size, clinical history, anatomy, and surgical preference. We report a large single‐center experience of intraperitoneal kidney transplantation and their outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of pediatric patients who underwent kidney transplantation from April 2011 to March 2018 at a single large volume center. We identified those with intraperitoneal placement and assessed their outcomes, including graft and patient survival, rejection episodes, and surgical or non‐surgical complications.ResultsForty‐six of 168 pediatric kidney transplants (27%) were placed intraperitoneally in children mean age 5.5 ± 2.3 years (range 1.6–10 years) with median body weight 18.2 ± 5 kg (range 11.4–28.6 kg) during the study period. Two patients (4%) had vascular complications; 10 (22%) had urologic complications requiring intervention; all retained graft function. Thirteen patients (28%) had prolonged post‐operative ileus. Eight (17%) patients had rejection episodes ≤6 months post‐transplant. Only one case resulted in graft loss and was associated with recurrent focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS). Two patients (4%) had chronic rejection and subsequent graft loss by 5‐year follow‐up. At 7‐year follow‐up, graft survival was 93% and patient survival was 98%.ConclusionsThe intraperitoneal approach offers access to the great vessels, which allows greater inflow and outflow and more abdominal capacity for an adult donor kidney, which is beneficial in very small patients. Risk of graft failure and surgical complications were not increased when compared to other published data on pediatric kidney transplants.
An integrable semidiscretization of the modified Camassa–Holm equation with linear dispersion term
Authors: Sheng Han‐Han , Yu Guo‐Fu , Feng Bao‐Feng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the present paper, we are with integrable discretization of a modified Camassa–Holm (mCH) equation with linear dispersion term. The key of the construction is the semidiscrete analog for a set of bilinear equations of the mCH equation. First, we show that these bilinear equations and their determinant solutions either in Gram‐type or Casorati‐type can be reduced from the discrete Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) equation through Miwa transformation. Then, by scrutinizing the reduction process, we obtain a set of semidiscrete bilinear equations and their general soliton solution in Gram‐type or Casorati‐type determinant form. Finally, by defining dependent variables and discrete hodograph transformations, we are able to derive an integrable semidiscrete analog of the mCH equation. It is also shown that the semidiscrete mCH equation converges to the continuous one in the continuum limit.
Decentralized management of ephemeral traffic incidents
Authors: Hu Wenyan , Chen Bingkun , Winter Stephan , Khoshelham Kourosh 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEphemeral traffic incidents, such as a fallen tree on a road, pose traffic safety hazards, and impact locally on traffic. While these incidents are neither predictable nor persistent, their existence is relevant for all vehicles planning to pass by while the impact continues. This article develops a novel communication strategy for vehicular ad hoc networks aiming to inform all the affected vehicles, while involving only the minimum number of non‐affected vehicles. This strategy exploits time geography as a spatial and temporal filter, ensuring also that the information broadcasting timely terminates when the incident is over. Agent‐based traffic simulations show that, when a road is temporarily blocked due to an ephemeral incident, the proposed decentralized information management model achieves significant improvement in travel efficiency and automatically updates outdated incident information in time.
Clodronate inhibits alloimmunization against distinct red blood cell alloantigens in mice
Authors: Arthur Connie M. , Patel Seema R. , Sharma Asish , Zerra Patricia E. , Chonat Satheesh , Jajosky Ryan P. , Fasano Ross M. , Patel Ravi , Bennett Ashley , Zhou Xiaoxi , Luckey C. John , Hudson Krystalyn E. , Eisenbarth Stephanie C. , Josephson Cassandra D. , Roback John D. , Hendrickson Jeanne E. , Stowell Sean R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlloimmunization can be a significant barrier to red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. While alloantigen matching protocols hold promise in reducing alloantibody formation, transfusion‐dependent patients can still experience RBC alloimmunization and associated complications even when matching protocols are employed. As a result, complementary strategies capable of actively preventing alloantibody formation following alloantigen exposure are warranted.Study Design and MethodsWe examined whether pharmacological removal of macrophages using clodronate may provide an additional strategy to actively inhibit RBC alloimmunization using two preclinical models of RBC alloimmunization. To accomplish this, mice were treated with clodronate, followed by transfusion of RBCs expressing the HOD (HEL, OVA, and Duffy) or KEL antigens. On days 5 and 14 post transfusion, anti‐HOD or anti‐KEL IgM and IgG antibodies were evaluated.ResultsLow dose clodronate effectively eliminated key marginal zone macrophage populations from the marginal sinus. Prior treatment with clodronate, but not empty liposomes, also significantly inhibited IgM and IgG anti‐HOD alloantibody formation following transfusion of HOD RBCs. Similar exposure to clodronate inhibited IgM and IgG antibody formation following KEL RBC transfusion.ConclusionsClodronate can inhibit anti‐HOD and anti‐KEL antibody formation following RBC transfusion in preclinical models. These results suggest that clodronate may provide an alternative approach to actively inhibit or prevent the development of alloantibodies following RBC transfusion, although future studies will certainly be needed to fully explore this possibility.