bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Net global warming potential and greenhouse gas intensity in organic and conventional wheat‐based farming systems
Authors: Sainju Upendra M. , Hatfield Patrick G. , Ragen Devon 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThere is a need of information about global warming potential in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)‐based organic and conventional farming systems. We evaluated net global warming potential (NGWP) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) in the organic farming system (OFS) using sheep grazing to control weeds without N application and the conventional farming system (CFS) with herbicide, pesticide, and N applications in three crop phases of a 5‐yr crop rotation from 2013–2014 to 2015–2016 in the northern Great Plains. Crop phases were winter wheat after lentil (Lens culinaris L.) (W‐L), winter wheat after sweet clover (Melilotus officinalis L.) cover crop (W‐C), and lentil after winter wheat (L‐W) in a 5‐yr rotation of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and sweet clover cover crop intercrop–sweet clover cover crop–winter wheat–lentil–winter wheat. Carbon sequestration rate at the 0‐to‐120‐cm depth from 2009 to 2015 was greater in OFS with W‐C than other treatments. The CO2 equivalent of N2O + CH4 fluxes was greater in OFS with L‐W than other treatments, except in CFS with L‐W in 2014–2015 and 2015–2016. The CO2 equivalent of N fertilization was greater in CFS, but CO2 equivalent of CH4 flux due to enteric fermentation from sheep was greater in OFS. Both NGWP and GHGI were lower in OFS with W‐C than other treatments. Organic farming system using sheep grazing to manage weeds in winter wheat following cover crop can reduce NGWP and GHGI compared with CFS with chemical inputs in dryland farming.
Multivariate and multiharvesting trial for agronomic traits in the genetic resources of guineagrass
Authors: Carvajal‐Tapia Juliana Isabel , Vivas‐Quila Nelson Jose , Barahona Rolando , Sandoval Burbano Karol Michelle , Castiblanco Valheria 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe diversity and use of forages and grasslands for animal feeding are essential in tropical livestock systems. Seasonal changes are mainly marked by variations in precipitation patterns. Grasslands are managed as perennial crops and therefore must be resilient to tolerate both dry and rainy seasons. The integration of animal production with the genetic aspects of forages is important for helping to identify resilient alternatives for sustainability in livestock systems. This study developed a multivariate and multiharvesting trial (MHT) for plant height, green forage weight (GFW), and dry matter yield (DMY) in a diversity panel of 130 accessions of guineagrass [Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) B.K. Simon & S.W.L. Jacobs] established in the Patía Valley of Colombia. Our study aims to identify interactions among weather conditions and different genotypes for agronomic variables as well as identify outstanding accessions for their productivity and adaptability. The entry mean heritability values were .88, .47, and .39 for the traits plant height, GFW, and DMY, respectively. The genetic correlations among different harvests ranged .5–.9 for plant height and .2–.9 for GFW. Heritability and genetic correlations suggest that plant height and yield are largely influenced by plant genetic effects. The correlation among plant height and yield was .42 for GFW and .33 for DMY. Negative correlations were not found in the agronomic behavior of the materials among the harvests under rainy and dry conditions. The MHT analyzed under the methodology of factor analysis revealed that accessions 16062 and 6982 stood out consistently for plant height, GFW, and DMY across different harvests. These findings strengthen processes in the search for resilient forages in the transition toward eco‐efficient livestock production and provide knowledge on which agronomic variables and forage materials to select, according to criteria of interest to both producers and plant breeders.
Exergoenvironmental damages assessment in a desert‐based agricultural system: A case study of date production
Authors: Hesampour Reza , Hassani Mehrdad , Yildizhan Hasan , Failla Sabina , Gorjian Shiva 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDeveloping countries, especially those in hot and dry areas, need more attention to achieve sustainable development as they apply excessive inputs in production processes. The present study aims to quantify the amount of environmental emissions and determine the most appropriate pattern of energy use in the date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) production process using thermodynamic analysis. The information was gathered through questionnaires and face‐to‐face interviews. From the results, cumulative exergy and energy demand for one Mg of date fruit production were calculated as 697 and 1640 MJ, respectively. Carbon dioxide emission was also measured at 197 kg Mg–1. Moreover, cumulative exergy consumption illustrated that manure and diesel fuel consumption is high, though diesel fuel and N consumption are given the most cumulative energy demand. Renewability indicator, cumulative degree of perfection, and the recoverable exergy ratio value of the date fruit production process were calculated as 0.62, 2.68, and 4.32, respectively. The date's chemical exergy value was calculated to be 14.96 MJ kg–1. Dates have a high chemical exergy value because of their high carbohydrate content and low water content. As a result, crop chemical combinations have a direct impact on the production process. The total direct greenhouse gas emissions induced by the inputs consumption were 310.02 kg Mg–1. Emissions to air, soil, and water were 308.76, 5.60 × 10−1 and 6.96 × 10−1 kg Mg–1. In general, date production in Khuzestan province is partially renewable.
Eine sp‐Kohlenstoffhaltige Leitfähige Metallorganische Gerüstverbindung als Photokathode für die Photoelektrochemische Wasserstoffentwicklung
Authors: Lu Yang , Zhong Haixia , Li Jian , Dominic Anna Maria , Hu Yiming , Gao Zhen , Jiao Yalong , Wu Mingjian , Qi Haoyuan , Huang Chuanhui , Wayment Lacey J. , Kaiser Ute , Spiecker Erdmann , Weidinger Inez M. , Zhang Wei , Feng Xinliang , Dong Renhao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMetallorganische Gerüstverbindungen (englisch metal–organic frameworks, MOFs) sind aufgrund ihrer hohen Porosität von großem Interesse für eine Vielzahl von Anwendungen in der Katalyse und Gastrennung. Eine begrenzte Anzahl an aktiven Zentren sowie das Verhalten als elektrischer Isolator machen den Einsatz von MOFs als aktives Photokathodenmaterial für die photoelektrokatalytische Wasserstoffproduktion allerdings nicht möglich. Wir berichten hiermit von der Entwicklung eines gestapelten, leitfähigen, zweidimensional‐konjugierten MOFs (englisch 2D conjugated MOF, 2D c‐MOF) welches aktive sp‐Kohlenstoffzentren enthält. Der MOF Cu3HHAE2 basiert auf einem makrozyklischen Aryl‐Alkin Liganden, welcher via CuO4 Einheiten verknüpft ist. Dieser sp‐Kohlenstoff haltige 2D c‐MOF zeigt Halbleitereigenschaften und eine breite Absorption bis in den nah‐infraroten Bereich (1600 nm). Erstmalig kann dank der hohen Anzahl an Dreifachbindungen Cu3HHAE2 als MOF‐Photokathode für die photoelektrochemische (PEC) Wasserstoffentwicklung verwendet werden. Verglichen mit anderen strukturell definierten, co‐Katalysator freien organischen Photokathoden, zeigt er eine Rekordphotostromdichte für die Wasserstoffentwicklung von ≈260 μA cm−2 bei 0 V gegen die reversible Wasserstoffelektrode (englisch reversible hydrogen electrode RHE).
Aggregation‐Induced Emission and Circularly Polarized Luminescence Duality in Tetracationic Binaphthyl‐Based Cyclophanes
Authors: Garci Amine , Abid Seifallah , David Arthur H. G. , Codesal Marcos D. , Đorđević Luka , Young Ryan M. , Sai Hiroaki , Le Bras Laura , Perrier Aurélie , Ovalle Marco , Brown Paige J. , Stern Charlotte L. , Campaña Araceli G. , Stupp Samuel I. , Wasielewski Michael R. , Blanco Victor , Stoddart J. Fraser 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHere, we report an approach to the synthesis of highly charged enantiopure cyclophanes by the insertion of axially chiral enantiomeric binaphthyl fluorophores into the constitutions of pyridinium‐based macrocycles. Remarkably, these fluorescent tetracationic cyclophanes exhibit a significant AIE compared to their neutral optically active binaphthyl precursors. A combination of theoretical calculations and time‐resolved spectroscopy reveal that the AIE originates from limited torsional vibrations associated with the axes of chirality present in the chiral enantiomeric binaphthyl units and the fine‐tuning of their electronic landscape when incorporated within the cyclophane structure. Furthermore, these highly charged enantiopure cyclophanes display CPL responses both in solution and in the aggregated state. This unique duality of AIE and CPL in these tetracationic cyclophanes is destined to be of major importance in future development of photonic devices and bio‐applications.
Facile Access to Far‐Red Fluorescent Probes with Through‐Space Charge‐Transfer Effects for In Vivo Two‐Photon Microscopy of the Mouse Cerebrovascular System
Authors: Hong Yingjuan , Geng Weihang , Zhang Tian , Gong Guangshuai , Li Chongyang , Zheng Canze , Liu Feng , Qian Jun , Chen Ming , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMuch effort has been devoted to the generation of fluorescent probes by synthetic approaches. In this study, we developed a facile strategy to construct far‐red fluorescent probes based on through‐space charge transfer within complexes of acceptors and donors and their “twist+twist” interactions. Owing to their rare two‐photon excitation property, the complexes could be used for in vivo imaging of the mouse cerebrovascular system.
Long‐lasting moisture and anti‐freezing tough organohydrogels based on multi‐functional nano‐micelles for flexible dual‐response sensors
Authors: Sun Yuanna , Lu Shuaishuai , Du Ying , Shi Fenling , Li Qingshan , Zhang Kaiyuan , Song Chen , Shang Yudong , Tian Ruobing , He Xinhai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractConductive hydrogels have attracted widespread attention in diverse applications. However, the fragile nature of conducting polymers hinders the long‐time stability of the hydrogels. What's more, hydrogels will lose elasticity and conductivity at room temperature or sub‐zero temperature because of the high water content. Herein, we proposed a long‐term stable and anti‐freezing organohydrogel with high stretchability (up to 1140%), which consist of multi‐functional nano‐micelles (Pluronic F127 diacrylate [F127DA]), Polyacrylamide, and Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene): polystryrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) in a water/glycerin binary solvent system. The gel is thermal tolerant to maintain all the properties under extreme wide temperature spectrum (−40°C or 60°C). More importantly, the organohydrogel possesses excellent recognition capability to multiple stimuli. It is anticipated that this organohydrogel will have great potential in sensing applications.
A flame‐retardant and optically transparent wood composite
Authors: Fan Chuangang , Gao Yuxin , Li Yuhao , Yan Long , Zhuang Yanzhen , Zhang Yi , Wang Zhengyang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTransparent wood (TW) is an emerging functional wood composite with attractive advantages and promising applications. The versatile functions of the impregnating polymers offer various properties to the TW, but also threaten its fire safety and restrict its applications. Herein, fire retardant TW (FRTW) is prepared by ultraviolet (UV)‐assisted lignin modification followed by refractive‐index matched transparent fire‐retardant coating (TFRC) impregnation. FRTW has a compact structure with a homogeneous interface between the TFRC and cell wall. It presents excellent optical and structural properties with 95% optical transmittance, 88% UV absorption, 96% high haze, and 154.3 MPa tensile strength. Moreover, FRTW shows great flame retardancy against high‐temperature heating. It has a 68.2% reduced peak mass loss rate and a 2.8‐fold increased char residual than natural wood (NW). Compared to the conventional epoxy‐based TW, FRTW has a weaker combustion behavior with an 81.4% reduced peak heat release rate. The enhanced flame retardancy is due to the synergistic flame retardancy (combining cooling, dilution, insulation and radical capture effects) of the TFRC. FRTW provides a new wood composite alternative with excellent optical properties and flame retardancy, which broadens the application potential of conventional TW with excellent fire safety.
Fine‐scale social and genetic structure of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the Barataria Basin, Louisiana, USA
Authors: Speakman Todd R. , Wilcox Lynsey A. , Balmer Brian C. , Barry Kevin P. , Paterson Corinne , Quigley Brian M. , Schwacke Lori H. , Sinclair Carrie , Takeshita Ryan , Vollmer Nicole L. , Zolman Eric S. , Rosel Patricia E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

The Barataria Bay Estuarine System (BBES) Stock of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the northern Gulf of Mexico has been a focus of extensive research as a result of the Barataria Basin, Louisiana being one of the most heavily oiled estuaries following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The goal of this study was to build upon previous research to better understand social and genetic structure of BBES dolphins.
Photo‐identification data from 2010–2019 were analysed with SOCPROG to identify dolphin social clusters. Genetic analyses were conducted on samples obtained during remote biopsy surveys and health assessments (2010–2018) to assess if identified social clusters were congruent with genetic clustering results, and to evaluate relatedness and gene flow within and between social and genetic clusters. Spatial analyses of the cumulative photo‐identification sighting histories from each cluster were also used to determine their geographic range and degree of overlap within the Barataria Basin.
Social analyses identified four distinct clusters with some degree of geographic overlap and similar utilization distributions as the three identified genetic clusters. Dolphins in the Barataria Basin were confirmed to be genetically differentiated from those in adjacent coastal waters.
In general, genetic analyses differentiate distinct dolphin communities established through long‐term (generational) preferential breeding behaviour. In contrast, social associations can be more fluid over the short‐term, may change in response to habitat or predator/prey changes, and strong associations can be formed between a mix of related and unrelated individuals. The combination of genetic and social methodologies is valuable for developing a better understanding of complex dolphin social interactions and provides unique insights into dolphin behaviour that can be important for developing effective management strategies.
Rapid analysis of components in Qizhiweitong tablets and plasma after oral administration in rats by UPLC–Q‐TOF–MS/MS based on a self‐developed database
Authors: Qi Bing , Bao Yongrui , Wang Shuai , Li Tianjiao , Meng Xiansheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractQizhiweitong is a famous traditional Chinese prescription medicine. It has been used to treat various stomach disorders, such as functional dyspepsia, chronic gastritis and intestinal stress syndrome, for a long time and gives favorable therapeutic effects in clinical settings. However, its chemical composition and possible bioactive components are not completely known. In the present study, we used ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–QTOF–MS) and qualitatively analyzed the chemical composition of Qizhiweitong tablet extract and the absorbed prototype constituents along with corresponding metabolites in rat plasma following oral administration of Qizhiweitong tablet on the basis of our self‐developed component database that was established accurately and rapidly. We detected a total of 119 compounds and 61 xenobiotics in the Qizhiweitong tablet, which included 32 prototypes and 28 metabolites. The results of the present study laid a solid foundation for quality marker screening and an integrative pharmacology‐based study on the Qizhiweitong tablet.
RP‐HPLC method development, validation and pharmacokinetic applicability in preclinical evaluation of rhein treated with novel diacerein eutectics
Authors: Patel Rajeshri D. , Raval Mihir K. , Pethani Trupesh M. , Waghela Bhargav N. , Shukla Riddhi H. , Buch Prakruti R. , Vadalia Jigna M. , Sharma Tejas P. , Airao Vishal A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe current study represents a bioanalytical method for the estimation of rhein (Rh, an active metabolite of diacerein, DIA) in rats treated with novel DIA eutectics to investigate the pharmacokinetics of DIA. A simple protein precipitation technique was used to extract Rh and the internal standard (IS), p‐aminobenzoic acid, injected into a Phenomenex Gemini C18 column. The separation was achieved by a gradient elution comprising ammonium acetate (10 mm; pH 3.0) and acetonitrile in an 18 min run time at a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min with retention times of 11.8 min (Rh) and 5.9 min (IS). The results revealed that the proposed method is linear over a range of 200–20,000 ng/ml (r2 > 0.9988) of Rh and is precise and accurate. The method was fully validated as per the US Food and Drug Administration guidelines and a pharmacokinetic study in rats was performed for Rh following oral administration of the pure DIA and newly developed eutectics. Therefore, the present method could be used to estimate DIA to illustrate a comparative pharmacokinetic analysis. This can also be applied to its related multicomponent formulations for future studies.
Differences between novel hybrid mode flaps and traditional perforator flaps at the level of metabolites using LC–MS
Authors: Li Shi , Luo Xiaobin , Zhang Zhe , Raza Mazhar Ali , Jin Zeyuan , Yao Chenglun , Yan Hede 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe multi‐territory perforator flaps are widely used in plastic surgery. However, partial necrosis flap in the potential territory remains a challenge to plastic surgeons. We raised a novel “hybrid nourished mode” (HNM) flap based on the multi‐territory deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap to improve flap survival. Thirty‐two rabbits were randomly divided into DIEP and HNM groups. Untargeted metabolic mechanisms between the DIEP and HNM groups were performed using LC–MS under the filter criteria of fold change >20.0 times or <0.05, and variable importance in projection (VIP) value was set at ≥1, P < 0.05. Between the two groups, flap survival, perfusion, microvasculature, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry of CD31 were assessed on post‐operative day 7. We screened 16 different metabolites that mainly participated in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, aminoacyl transfer RNA biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, among others. The results of the HNM flaps were higher than those of the DIEP flaps (P < 0.05) in the aspects of flap survival, flap perfusion, and microvasculature. Compared with the DIEP flaps, HNM has a stronger advantage in tissue metabolism. This study provided us with a better understanding and strong evidence in terms of metabolites on how HNM achieves the survival of large multi‐territory perforator flaps.
Preparation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill by high‐speed counter‐current chromatography: Comparison of conventional and consecutive separation
Authors: Liu Shuo , Tang Shanshan , Gu Dongyu , Wang Yi , Wang Dazhi , Yang Yi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSchisandra chinensis is a plant with high medicinal value, which contains many medicinal ingredients, including 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural. In the present study, an efficient method based on high‐speed counter‐current chromatography was established for the preparation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural from Schisandra chinensis. Petroleum ether–ethyl acetate–methanol–water (2:5:2:5, v/v) was selected as the solvent system for high‐speed counter‐current chromatography. In order to improve the yield of single separation, the sample size was continuously optimized and improved. The results showed that 1,250 mg was the most suitable sample size, and 41 mg of the target compound with 97% purity was obtained in a single run. To further improve the yield, consecutive high‐speed counter‐current chromatography was introduced and compared with the results of a high‐speed counter‐current chromatography single run. The results showed that although the purity was reduced to 92%, 430 mg of the target compound was obtained from 12.5 g of ethanol extract within 670 min after 10 consecutive injections. This indicated that consecutive separation not only increased the yield of the target compound, but also saved the separation time and greatly improved the separation efficiency of high‐speed counter‐current chromatography.
Neuropsychological effects of COVID‐19: A review
Authors: Maresca Giuseppa , Latella Desiree , Carnazza Lara , Corallo Francesco , Formica Caterina 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this review is to examine review literature on the psychological effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsStudies were identified by an online search of the PubMed database. We selected studies published from January to May 2020 (during the COVID‐19 emergency).ResultsWe found that psychological effects of COVID‐19 remain serious among the most of the population, in particular for people with mental disorders, adolescents, healthcare workers, and the general population that experienced high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms, with possible long‐term psychological implications.ConclusionFindings revealed that living in urban areas, having economic stability, and living with parents were protective factors against anxiety for youth groups, whereas a risk factor was represented by the presence of COVID‐19 infection that involved family members.