bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving maternal and newborn health services in Northeast Nigeria through a government-led partnership of stakeholders: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Willey Barbara , Umar Nasir , Beaumont Emma , Allen Elizabeth , Anyanti Jennifer , Bello Abubakar Bala , Bhattacharya Antoinette , Exley Josephine , Makowiecka Krystyna , Okolo Magdalene , Sani Rabi , Schellenberg Joanna , Spicer Neil , Usman Umar Adamu , Gana Ahmed Mohammed , Shuaibu Abdulrahman , Marchant Tanya 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesThis study aimed to quantify change in the coverage, quality and equity of essential maternal and newborn healthcare interventions in Gombe state, Northeast Nigeria, following a four year, government-led, maternal and newborn health intervention.DesignQuasi-experimental plausibility study. Repeat cross-sectional household and linked health facility surveys were implemented in intervention and comparison areas.SettingGombe state, Northeast Nigeria.ParticipantsEach household survey included a sample of 1000 women aged 13–49 years with a live birth in the previous 12 months. Health facility surveys comprised a readiness assessment and birth attendant interview.InterventionsBetween 2016–2019 a complex package of evidence-based interventions was implemented to increase access, use and quality of maternal and newborn healthcare, spanning the six WHO health system building blocks.Outcome measuresEighteen indicators of maternal and newborn healthcare.ResultsBetween 2016 and 2019, the coverage of all indicators improved in intervention areas, with the exception of postnatal and postpartum contacts, which remained below 15%. Greater improvements were observed in intervention than comparison areas for eight indicators, including coverage of at least one antenatal visit (71% (95% CI 62 to 68) to 88% (95% CI 82 to 93)), at least four antenatal visits (46% (95% CI 39 to 53) to 69% (95% CI 60 to 75)), facility birth (48% (95% CI 37 to 59) to 64% (95% CI 54 to 73)), administration of uterotonics (44% (95% CI 34 to 54) to 59% (95% CI 50 to 67)), delayed newborn bathing (44% (95% CI 36 to 52) to 62% (95% CI 52 to 71)) and clean cord care (42% (95% CI 34 to 49) to 73% (95% CI 66 to 79)). Wide-spread inequities persisted however; only at least one antenatal visit saw pro-poor improvement.ConclusionsThis intervention achieved improvements in life-saving behaviours for mothers and newborns, demonstrating that multipartner action, coordinated through government leadership, can shift the needle in the right direction, even in resource-constrained settings.
Access to community-based reproductive health services and incidence of low birthweight delivery among refugee and displaced mothers: a retrospective study in the Thailand-Myanmar border region
Authors: Perera Sudheesha , Maung Cynthia , Hla Sophia , Moo Moo Hsa , Than Lwin Saw , Bruck Catherine , Smith Terrence , Bakker Menno , Akhoon Cassim , Sarkar Indra Neil 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesOver 2.4 million people have been displaced within the Thailand-Myanmar border region since 1988. The efficacy of community-driven health models within displaced populations is largely unstudied. Here, we examined the relationship between maternal healthcare access and delivery outcomes to evaluate the impact of community-provided health services for marginalised populations.SettingStudy setting was the Thailand-Myanmar border region’s single largest provider of reproductive health services to displaced mothers.ParticipantsAll women who had a delivery (n=34 240) between 2008 and 2019 at the study clinic were included in the performed retrospective analyses.Primary and secondary outcome measuresLow birth weight was measured as the study outcome to understand the relationship between antenatal care access, family planning service utilisation, demographics and healthy deliveries.ResultsFirst trimester (OR=0.86; 95% CI=0.81 to 0.91) and second trimester (OR=0.86; 95% CI=0.83 to 0.90) antenatal care visits emerged as independent protective factors against low birthweight delivery, as did prior utilisation of family planning services (OR=0.82; 95% CI=0.73 to 0.92). Additionally, advanced maternal age (OR=1.36; 95% CI=1.21 to 1.52) and teenage pregnancy (OR=1.27, 95% CI=1.13 to 1.42) were notable risk factors, while maternal gravidity (OR=0.914; 95% CI=0.89 to 0.94) displayed a protective effect against low birth weight.ConclusionAccess to community-delivered maternal health services is strongly associated with positive delivery outcomes among displaced mothers. This study calls for further inquiry into how to best engage migrant and refugee populations in their own reproductive healthcare, in order to develop resilient models of care for a growing displaced population globally.
Evaluating the feasibility and acceptability of virtual group exercise for older adults delivered by trained volunteers: the ImPACt study protocol
Authors: Lim Stephen Eu Ruen , Meredith Samantha , Agnew Samantha , Clift Esther , Ibrahim Kinda , Roberts Helen 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPhysical activity is important for healthy ageing. Despite strong evidence on the benefits of physical activity for health and well-being, physical inactivity remains a significant problem among older adults. This study aims to determine the feasibility and acceptability of implementing an online volunteer-led group exercise for older adults.MethodsA quasi-experimental mixed-methods approach will be used in this study. A training programme will be developed to train volunteers to deliver online group exercises to older adults aged >65 years (n=30). The primary outcome is the feasibility of implementing the intervention. This will be assessed by the number of volunteers recruited, trained, and retained at the end of the study, and the number of exercise sessions delivered and completed by participants. Secondary outcomes include physical activity levels measured using the Community Health Model Activities Programme for Seniors questionnaire, Barthel Index, EQ-5D-5L as a measure of health-related quality of life, SARC-F to determine sarcopenia status, and PRIMSA-7 to determine frailty status. Outcomes will be measured at baseline and at 6 months.Qualitative interviews will be conducted with volunteers(n=5), older adults (n=10) and family members (n=5) to explore their views on the intervention.AnalysisSimple descriptive statistics will be used to describe participant characteristics, the feasibility of the study and the impact of the intervention on health outcomes. Parametric(t-test) or non-parametric(Mann-Whitney U test) statistics will be used to analyse continuous variables. χ2 test will be used for categorical variables. Qualitative data will be analysed using an inductive thematic analysis approach.Ethics and disseminationThis study received ethical approval from the University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine Ethics Committee and Research Integrity and Governance committee (ID: 52 967 .A1). Study findings will be made available to service users, voluntary organisations and other researchers who may be interested in implementing the intervention.Trial registration numberNCT04672200.
The relationship between leader support, staff influence over decision making, work pressure and patient satisfaction: a cross-sectional analysis of NHS datasets in England
Authors: West Thomas H R , Daher Pascale , Dawson Jeremy F , Lyubovnikova Joanne , Buttigieg Sandra C , West Michael A 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveTo explore the relationships between leader support, staff influence over decisions, work pressure and patient satisfaction.DesignA cross-sectional study of large National Health Service (NHS) datasets in England in 2010.Setting and participants158 NHS acute hospital trusts in England (n=63 156) from all staff groups.Primary and secondary outcome measuresSurvey data measuring leader support, staff influence over decision making, staff work pressure and objective outcome data measuring patient satisfaction.ResultsMultilevel serial mediation analysis showed a significantly positive association between leader support and staff influence over decisions (B=0.74, SE=0.07, p<0.01). Furthermore, staff influence over decisions showed a negative association with staff work pressure (B=−0.84, SE=0.41, p<0.05) which in turn was negatively linked to patient satisfaction (B=−17.50, SE=4.34, p<0.01). Serial mediation showed a positive indirect effect of leader support on patient satisfaction via staff influence over decisions and work pressure (B=10.96, SE=5.55, p<0.05).Conclusions and implicationsOur results provide evidence that leader support influences patient satisfaction through shaping staff experience, particularly staff influence over decisions and work pressure. Patients’ care is dependent on the health, well-being, and effectiveness of the NHS workforce. That, in turn, is determined by the extent to which leaders are supportive in ensuring that work environments are managed in a way which protects the well-being of staff.
Communication education regarding patient safety for registered nurses in acute hospital settings: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Jang Haena , Lee Miseon , Lee Nam-Ju 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe importance of correct and timely communication continues to be emphasised in the area of patient safety. Nurses play a key role in communicating with a variety of healthcare personnel to deliver safe care for patients. Many attempts have been made to improve nursing professionals’ communication competencies regarding patient safety. However, the scope, method and effectiveness of communication education regarding patient safety for registered nurses have not been sufficiently reviewed. In order to understand the overall status of this field, a scoping review with a systematic framework is necessary. The objective of this study is to map the extent, range and nature of literature on communication education regarding patient safety for registered nurses in acute hospital settings and identify gaps to guide future research, policy and practice.Methods and analysisThis study will be conducted in accordance with the methodology for scoping reviews developed by Arksey and O’Malley. To strengthen its rigour, the scoping review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The overall review process will involve an independent review by two reviewers to select and analyse literature. The databases to be explored are MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and the Korean Medical Database (KMBASE). In addition, we will endeavour to include the grey literature through manual searches on patient safety-related websites. This review will target literature on communication programmes for patient safety provided to registered nurses in acute hospital settings and will include peer-reviewed literature in English and Korean since 2000, when research in the field of patient safety started to increase rapidly.Ethics and disseminationSince this study is a review of previous studies, no ethics approval is required. The findings of the study will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal for publication.
Assessing the impact of the national traffic safety campaign: a nationwide cohort study in Japan
Authors: Nakao Shunichiro , Katayama Yusuke , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Hirose Tomoya , Tachino Jotaro , Ishida Kenichiro , Ojima Masahiro , Kiguchi Takeyuki , Umemura Yutaka , Noda Tomohiro , Matsuyama Tasuku , Kiyohara Kosuke , Nakagawa Yuko 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the difference in mortality from serious road traffic injuries during the National Traffic Safety Campaign compared with other periods and identify the common mechanisms of injury by age group in Japan.DesignA retrospective review of Japan Trauma Data Bank (JTDB).SettingA total of 280 participating major emergency institutions across Japan.ParticipantsPatients with road traffic injuries registered in JTDB between 2004 and 2018 were recruited in the study. We included patients injured by traffic crashes during the National Traffic Safety Campaigns and controls using a double control method. The National Traffic Safety Campaign comprises 10 consecutive days in spring and fall (20 days in each year), and controls was the same calendar days 2 weeks before and after the days in the National Traffic Safety Campaigns (40 days in each year) to control for weekday, seasonal and yearly trends.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. The secondary outcome was the incidences of severe traffic injury.ResultsAmong 126 857 patients recorded as road traffic injuries in JTDB, we identified 6181 patients (21 cases per day) with injuries occurring during the National Traffic Safety Campaigns and 12 382 controls (21 cases per day). The overall in-hospital mortality was 11.4%. We did not observe a significant difference in in-hospital mortality between the groups (11.8% vs 11.1%) with an adjusted OR of 1.05 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.16). The most common mechanism of injury in each age group was bicycle crash among children, motorcycle crash among adults and pedestrian among the elderly.ConclusionsWe found no change in the incidence of severe traffic injury or in-hospital mortality during the National Traffic Safety Campaign in Japan. Serious road trauma was high for bicycles among children, motorcycles among adults and pedestrian among the elderly.
Mobile health-based gamification intervention to increase physical activity participation among patients with coronary heart disease: study protocol of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Xu Linqi , Li Jinwei , Zhang Xin , Pang Yue , Yu Tianzhuo , Lian Xiaoqian , Yu Tianyue , Zhu Lanyu , Tong Qian , Li Feng 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionDespite proven benefits, physical activity participation remains low in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Scientific evidence suggests that mobile health (mHealth)-based gamification interventions could increase physical activity levels. However, several systematic reviews demonstrated that most gamification intervention designs do not appropriately leverage theories from health behaviour models, and empirical evidence on the efficacy of such interventions among patients with CHD is still emerging. This study embeds the principles of behavioural economics into a gamification intervention based on a smartphone app (WeChat applet) to explore whether a mHealth-based gamification intervention can improve participation in physical activity and other related physical and psychological outcomes in patients with CHD.MethodsWe propose a single-blinded three-arm randomised controlled trial with 108 patients with CHD, who will be randomly divided into three groups (Control group: WeChat applet+step goal setting; Individual group: WeChat applet+step goal setting+gamification; Team group: WeChat applet+step goal setting+gamification+collaboration). The interventions will last for 12 weeks and follow-up for 12 weeks. All patients will receive only WeChat applet-based step goal setting in the follow-up period. The primary outcome is physical activity participation, which includes a change in daily steps and self-reported physical activity from the baseline to 12 and 24 weeks, and the proportion of patient-days that step goals achieved in 12 and 24 weeks. The secondary outcomes include biomedical and lifestyle-related risk factors, intrinsic motivation, enjoyment, competence, autonomy and relatedness, social support and mental health and patients’ satisfaction, perceptions and intervention experience.Ethics and disseminationThe Human Research Ethics Committee of the School of Nursing, Jilin University (HREC 2020122401) approved this. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at conferences.Trial registration numberChiCTR2100044879; Pre-results.
Information and communication technology-based interventions for suicide prevention implemented in clinical settings: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Shin Hwayeon Danielle , Zaheer Juveria , Rodak Terri , Torous John , Strudwick Gillian 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThere is a surplus of information and communication technology (ICT)-based interventions for suicide prevention. However, it is unclear which of these ICT-based interventions for suicide prevention have been implemented in clinical settings. Furthermore, evidence shows that implementation strategies have often been mismatched to existing barriers. In response, the authors recognise the critical need for prospectively assessing the barriers and facilitators and then strategically developing implementation strategies. This review is part of a multiphase project to develop and test tailored implementation strategies for mobile app-based suicide prevention in clinical settings. The overall objective of this scoping review is to identify and characterise ICT-based interventions for all levels of suicide prevention in clinical settings. Additionally, this review will identify and characterise the barriers and facilitators to implementing these ICT-based interventions as well as reported measures and outcomes. The findings will directly inform the subsequent phase to maximise implementation and inform future efforts for implementing other types of ICT-based interventions related to suicide prevention in clinical settings.Methods and analysisThis review will adhere to the methods described by the Joanna Briggs Institute for conducting scoping reviews. The reporting will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping review checklist. The following databases will be searched: Medline, PsycInfo, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science and Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts (LISTA). Two reviewers will independently screen the articles and extract data using a standardised data collection tool. Then, authors will characterise extracted data using frameworks, typology and taxonomies to address the proposed review questions.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required for this scoping review. Authors will share the results in a peer-reviewed, open access publication and conference presentations. Furthermore, the findings will be shared with relevant health organisations through lay language summaries and informal presentations.
Association between patient activation, self-management behaviours and clinical outcomes in adults with diabetes or related metabolic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Mueller Julia , Ahern Amy L , Sharp Stephen J , Richards Rebecca , Birch Jack M , Davies Alan , Griffin Simon J 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionDiabetes and related metabolic disorders such as obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a growing global issue. Equipping individuals with the necessary ‘knowledge, skills and confidence to self-manage their health’ (ie, patient activation (PAct)) may lead to improvements in health outcomes. It is unclear whether existing evidence allows us to assume a causal relationship. We aim to synthesise and critically appraise evidence on the relationship between PAct and self-management behaviours and clinical outcomes of people living with diabetes and related metabolic disorders.Methods and analysisThe protocol is based on guidance on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols. We will search Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, PsycInfo, Web of Science and CINAHL using search terms related to PAct, diabetes, pre-diabetes, obesity and CVD. Any quantitative study design is eligible provided studies assess the association between PAct and clinical outcomes and/or self-management behaviours of diabetes and related metabolic disorders. Outcomes include behavioural (eg, diet) and clinical (eg, blood pressure) outcomes. Two reviewers will independently screen titles/abstracts and full texts and assess risk of bias using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials or the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Nonrandomised Studies (RoBANS).One reviewer will extract data, with independent checking by a second reviewer. We will critically assess the level of evidence available for assuming a causal association between PAct and outcomes. Data permitting, we will use the Hunter-Schmidt random-effects method to meta-analyse correlations across studies.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required. The review will be disseminated in the form of a peer-reviewed journal article, at conferences and other presentations. The findings of the review will be of interest to clinical commissioning groups, policymakers and intervention deliverers/developers.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021230727.
What are the impacts of recent changes in UK core surgical training application on current and prospective applicants?
Authors: Chin Carven Yee Shean , Kwan Tsun Yu , Lim Hse Juinn , Li Chun Hei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Core Surgical Training (CST) is a 2-year UK training programme, designed to provide junior doctors interested in surgery with formal training and to introduce them to various surgical specialties. The selection process is divided into two stages. In the portfolio stage, applicants submit a score based on a published self-assessment guidance. Only candidates whose scores remain higher than the cut-off after verification will proceed to the interview stage. Finally, jobs are allocated according to the overall performance of both stages. Despite the rising number of applicants, the number of job vacancies remains largely similar. Hence, the intensity of competition has increased over the past few years. The competitive ratio increased from 2.8:1 in 2019 to 4.6:1 in 2021. Hence, several changes have been implemented in the CST application process, with the aim to combat this trend. The recurring changes in the CST application process have sparked considerable discussions among applicants. The effect of the changes on the current and prospective applicants is yet to be explored. This letter aims to highlight the changes and discuss the potential impacts. The CST application from 2020 to 2022 has been compared to identify the changes implemented throughout the years. Specific changes have been highlighted. The impact of changes in the CST application process on applicants has been divided into ‘pros’ and ‘cons’ sections. Recently, many specialties have shifted from portfolio-based assessment to Multiple Specialty Recruitment Assessments. In contrast, CST application preserves its emphasis on holistic assessment and academic excellence. However, the application process could be further refined for more impartial recruitment. This would ultimately help alleviate the challenging situation of staff shortage, increase the number of specialist doctors, reduce waiting time for elective surgeries and most importantly, provide better care for our patients in the NHS.