bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smart in city performance: More to practical life than hardware and software
Authors: Hatem Faten 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVisions of Smart cities claim to offer better liveability and sustainability through information and communication technology. This study promotes the importance of focussing on spatial aspects and affective factors that impact smart urbanism. It seeks better to inform city governance, spatial planning, and policymaking to focus on what Smart does and what it can achieve for cities in terms of performance rather than on using the notion for prestige purposes. Also, the study recognises the importance of establishing a new meaning for urban progress by moving beyond improving the city's basic services to enhance the actual human experience, which is essential for developing authentic smart cities. The topic presents four overlooked areas: the efficiency paradox, the social aspect, connectedness with nature, and utilising untapped resources. The argument does not invite exploring these themes in silos; it collectively examines smart cities in performance, arguing that there is more to the practical life of smart cities than software and hardware inventions. The research uses a case study approach, presenting Milton Keynes as a living example to learn from while engaging with various methods for data collection, including multi‐disciplinary semi‐structured interviews, field observations, and data mining.
Effekte von Kooperationen auf die gesundheitliche Versorgung nach
häuslicher und sexualisierter Gewalt in Hessen und deren Auswirkungen
auf die Umsetzung der Istanbul-Konvention
Authors: Haneck Stefanie , Hahn Daphne 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Häusliche und sexuelle Gewalt stellt ein zentrales
Risiko für die Gesundheit von Frauen dar. Die Istanbul-Konvention zur
Verhütung und Bekämpfung von Gewalt gegen Frauen und
häuslicher Gewalt stellt auch an die gesundheitliche Versorgung neue
Anforderungen. Für eine adäquate Versorgung von Betroffenen ist
die Zusammenarbeit zwischen den an der Versorgung beteiligten Stellen sehr
wichtig. Bisher fehlen jedoch Übersichten über Arbeitsweisen und
Vernetzungsformen im Zusammenhang mit der gesundheitlichen Versorgung nach
Gewalt.
Methode Es wurden 34 leitfadengestützte Experteninterviews mit
Gesundheitsfachkräften in Kliniken und anderen Einrichtungen des
Gesundheitswesens, Mitarbeiter*innen in Schutzambulanzen und
Beratungsstellen, Frauenbeauftragten sowie Koordinierungsstellen
geführt. Die Interviews wurden mit der Qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse
ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Eine kontinuierliche und strukturierte Zusammenarbeit zwischen
den verschiedenen Einrichtungen des Gesundheitswesens und weiteren Akteuren in
Hessen in Bezug auf das Thema Gewalt fehlt bisher. Es existieren in Hessen
Angebote, die auf die gesundheitliche Versorgung nach sexueller und/oder
häuslicher Gewalt spezialisiert sind. Eine Zusammenarbeit findet
allerdings im Gesundheitswesen meistens nur anlassbezogen statt. Im Rahmen der
regionalen Runden Tische gegen häusliche Gewalt gibt es keine
Gesundheitsfachkräfte als feste Teilnehmer*innen.
Schlussfolgerung Eine adäquate gesundheitliche Versorgung nach
häuslicher und sexueller Gewalt kann für Betroffene nicht
gewährleistet werden. Die Einrichtung einer Koordinierungsstelle, die
allein für die gesundheitliche Versorgung nach Gewalt zuständig
ist, könnte die verschiedenen Akteure zusammenbringen und eine
kontinuierliche Arbeit an der Thematik gewährleisten.
Das Entscheidungsverhalten in Arztbewertungsportalen. Ergebnisse
einer Vignettenstudie in den neuen Bundesländern
Authors: Schmidt Christine , Suhr Melissa , Kriwy Peter 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Wie relevante Informationen bei der Arztsuche über
Arztbewertungsportale im Entscheidungsprozess für oder gegen die Wahl
von bestimmten Ärztinnen und Ärzten abgewogen werden, ist
bislang weitgehend unbekannt. Speziell wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob zugunsten
einer guten Note auch längere Anfahrtswege in Kauf genommen werden.
Methodik In einer Vignettenstudie wurden 192 Befragten aus neuen
Bundesländern je zehn Treffer einer fingierten Suche nach einem Hausarzt
oder einer Hausärztin vorgelegt. Insgesamt wurden 1881
Wahlwahrscheinlichkeiten mit clusterkorrigierten Regressionen ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Eine gute Note und eine geringe Entfernung zur Arztpraxis sind
die wichtigsten Determinanten einer positiven Wahlwahrscheinlichkeit. Zugunsten
einer guten Note werden jedoch keine längeren Anfahrtswege in Kauf
genommen. Arabisch klingende Namen reduzieren die Wahlwahrscheinlichkeit stark,
obwohl die Befragten dem Namen der Ärzte als Entscheidungsgrundlage nur
eine untergeordnete Bedeutung zuweisen.
Schlussfolgerung Das Einzugsgebiet der Ärzte im niedergelassenen
Bereich erhöht sich nicht, wenn sie auf Bewertungsportalen gute Noten
erhalten. Servicequalität ist wichtig, fällt aber im Vergleich
zur Note der Bewertung nachrangig aus.
Simultaneous Multifrequency (SiMFy) Stimulus: A Novel and Reliable Stimulus for Frequency Tuning of Ocular Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potentials
Authors: Singh Niraj Kumar , Ravikumar Mamatha Hunsur , Maruthy Sandeep 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Frequency tuning of ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) refers to the frequency of tone burst that produces the largest amplitude oVEMP. There is an ever-growing pool of published studies that found the frequency tuning of oVEMP distinctly different in Ménière's disease than the age-matched controls and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. However, recording oVEMP in response to many frequencies makes an already lengthy vestibular test battery even more cumbersome and time-consuming.
Purpose The aim of this study was to develop a novel time-saving stimulus that produces reliable results.
Research Design Prospective study.
Study Sample The study included 25 young, healthy adults.
Data Collection The tone-bursts of 2000, 1500, 1000, 750, 500, and 250 Hz were generated and sequenced in this order to prepare a stimulus for simultaneous multifrequency (SiMFy) oVEMP. The response parameters of SiMFy and conventional oVEMP methods were compared.
Results No significant difference in peak-to-peak amplitude and frequency tuning existed between conventional and SiMFy oVEMP (p > 0.05). SiMFy had better test–retest reliability and was less time-consuming than the conventional oVEMP.
Conclusions SiMFy is a time-saving and reliable stimulus for obtaining frequency tuning of oVEMP with no compromise on the outcomes. It can be immediately applied in most commercially available evoked potential systems with a facility for loading an external stimulus.
Development of the Urinary Tract in Fetal Rats: A Micro-CT Study
Authors: Wille Stephanie , Peukert Nicole , Haak Rainer , Riedel Jan , Mayer Steffi , Kluth Dietrich , Lacher Martin , Gosemann Jan-Hendrik , Markel Moritz 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is an established tool to study fetal development in rodents. This study aimed to use micro-CT imaging to visualize the development of the urinary tract in fetal rats.
Materials and Methods Fetal rats from embryonic day (ED) 15, ED17, ED19, ED21, and N0 (newborn) (n = 6 per group; 3 males) were fixed and desiccated using the “critical point” technique. We utilized the micro-CT system (SkyScan) and analyzed the resulting scans with CTAn, DataViewer, and ImageJ to visualize the morphology and quantify the volumes of kidney, bladder, adrenal gland, as well as length of the ureter.
Results High-resolution micro-CT showed continuous growth of both kidneys from ED15 to N0, with the highest increase between ED19 and ED21. The length of the ureter increased from ED15 to ED21 and remained stable until birth. The volume of the bladder steadily increased from ED15 to N0.In females, a statistically higher volume of the adrenal gland on ED21 was observed, whereas no sex-specific differences were seen for kidney, ureter, and bladder development.
Conclusion Micro-CT depicts an excellent tool to study urinary tract development in the fetal and neonatal rat. It enables the metric quantification of longitudinal anatomic changes in high definition without previous destructive tissue preparation. The present study revealed sex-specific differences of the adrenal gland development and provides comprehensive data for the understanding of fetal urinary tract development, inspiring future research on congenital urological malformations.
Oleic acid, independent of insulin, promotes differentiation of goat primary preadipocytes
Authors: Tian Wen , Xiang Hua , Li Qian , Wang Yong , Zhu Jiangjiang , Lin Yaqiu 
Published: November 2022

Context Oleic acid together with insulin is widely used to induce preadipocyte differentiation in humans and mammals, and is also used alone in chicken preadipocytes from abdominal adipose tissue. However, it is not clear whether oleic acid alone promotes goat primary intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation. Aims The aim of the present study was to identify the role of oleic acid in regulating primary preadipocyte differentiation in goats. Methods Three healthy, 7-day-old Jianzhou goats were randomly selected. After slaughter, the longissimus dorsi tissues were collected from each goat under sterile procedures and mixed equally. The primary preadipocytes were then prepared using collagenase type I digestion, and treated with 5 mg/L insulin or different concentrations of oleic acid, including 0 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM, 150 μM and 300 μM. The results were determined using microscopy and Oil Red O staining. The expression of genes related to preadipocyte differentiation were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results Lower concentrations of oleic acid (50 μM, 100 μM and 150 μM) did not affect the cell morphology and cell growth, whereas 300 μM oleic acid led to severe cytotoxicity compared with the control (0 μM). The treatment of oleic acid (100 μM) enhanced cellular accumulation and lipid droplets deposition significantly, which was not affected by supplementary insulin. In addition, insulin alone treatment did not alter cellular adipogenesis in goat intramuscular preadipocytes. Treatment with oleic acid significantly increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, CCAAT enhancer-binding protein alpha and fatty acid binding protein 4, and decreased the expression of lipoprotein esterase on Day 2 after cell differentiation, all of which decreased continually on Day 4 and Day 6. Expression of all genes increased significantly on Day 8 after oleic acid treatment in goat intramuscular preadipocytes. Conclusion The results underscore the role of oleic acid independent of insulin in promoting intramuscular preadipocytes in goats, and probably via the control of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein alpha. Implications These data provide insight into the mechanism underlying preadipocyte differentiation.
Higher fundamental forms of the conformal boundary of asymptotically de Sitter spacetimes
Authors: Gover A Rod , Kopiński Jarosław 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We provide a partial characterization of the conformal infinity of asymptotically de Sitter spacetimes by deriving constraints that relate the asymptotics of the stress-energy tensor with conformal geometric data. The latter is captured using recently defined objects, called higher conformal fundamental forms. For the boundary hypersurface, these generalize to higher order the trace-free part of the second form.
An improved GNSS/INS navigation method based on cubature Kalman filter for occluded environment
Authors: Liu Wei , Shi Yihang , Hu Yuan , Hsieh Tsung-Hsuan , Wang Shengzheng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Global navigation satellite systems and inertial navigation systems (GNSSs/INSs) based on the cubature Kalman filter (CKF) can provide an effective land vehicle navigation and positioning solution. The accuracy of CKF depends mainly on the prior probability density function (PDF), which is inaccurate when the GNSS signal is temporarily blocked in an urban environment. Although the improved CKF (ICKF) can reduce cubature point errors by using the historical information obtained iteratively, the generation of cubature points is still related to measurement noise. To obtain a more accurate PDF, adjustment off the sensor measurement noise is necessary. In this paper, an adaptive ICKF for GNSS/INS system based on the Mahalanobis distance called MD-ICKF is proposed, which expands the usability of the micro-electronic mechanical system based integrated navigation system in an urban environment. Two lower triangular matrices obtained by Cholesky decomposition are used to adjust the cubature point errors during each iteration. Furthermore, the measurement noise will be inflated to obtain a more accurate PDF when it exceeds the threshold calculated by the MD and chi-square test. The field experiment results show that the proposed method has better positioning accuracy and performance than CKF and ICKF in an occluded environment
Measuring the central wavelength and bandwidth of an LED with the Michelson interferometer
Authors: Zeng Jiazhong , Zeng Xiaoqi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A method for measuring the central wavelength and bandwidth of a light emitting diode (LED) using the Michelson interferometer is proposed. It is easy to see the interference fringes on the screen by setting the optical path properly. Based on it, the central wavelength and bandwidth of LEDs with three different colours are measured, and the experimental results are consistent with the results from a spectrometer. The experiment will be helpful for students to understand the spectral and coherence characteristics of LEDs. It can also be an extended content of Michelson interferometer.
Oscillations of convective flow around a continuous optical discharge in high-pressure xenon
Authors: Kotov Mikhail A , Lavrentyev Sergey Yu , Shemyakin Andrey N , Solovyov Nikolay G , Yakimov Mikhail Yu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Laser-sustained plasma or continuous optical discharge (COD), predicted and first obtained in pioneering works initiated and inspired by Professor Raizer et al (1970 JETP Lett.
11 120–3; 1970 JETP Lett.
11 302–4; 1972 Sov. Phys.—JETP
34 763–9), is still a unique method of sustaining localized dense plasma in the laboratory and some special devices such as high-brightness broadband radiation sources [6–10]. Although the parameters determining the COD state can be stabilized, in practice, COD tends to regular oscillations. As stated in the paper, the oscillations may be attributed to the regular pulsing of thermal gravitational convective plumes around the COD. Application problems arising from instability of this type is pulsing of the emission from promising radiation sources utilizing COD plasma. This paper presents a detailed analysis of the experimental data on COD convective plume radii and oscillation frequencies depending on the plasma-forming gas pressure. The analysis leads to a similarity relation for the oscillation frequency. The similarity relation turns out to be common for optical discharges and laminar flames under conditions of prevailing buoyancy forces. This indicates the hydrodynamic nature of the instability considered, regardless of whether the energy input method is in the form of absorbed laser radiation or a chemical reaction. To support the idea of a hydrodynamic origin of the pulsations, a numerical simulation of a convective plume from a concentrated heat source was carried out. The thermal dissipation power of the heat source was equal to that of the COD. The results of numerical simulations demonstrate good agreement with those of the experiments. The dynamic temperature, density and gas velocity distributions obtained show that the direct cause of the oscillations is the dynamics of the toroidal vortices developed in the convection plume. The pulsing frequency equal to the frequency of the vortex formation may be increased under incoming additional forced gas flow that may also suppress the convective oscillations. The results obtained may be useful for studying optical discharges, and improving the parameters of high-brightness broadband laser-plasma radiation sources based on them.
Electric field distribution in a non-self-sustained RF discharge with ionization generated by Ns discharge pulses
Authors: Raskar Sai , Orr Keegan , Yang Xin , Adamovich Igor V 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Electric field in a capacitively coupled, non-self-sustained RF discharge nitrogen plasma with external ionization generated by high-voltage ns pulses has been measured by ps Electric field induced second harmonic generation (EFISH). The measurements are made both in the bulk of the plasma and in the sheaths, using the absolute calibration by the Laplacian field between two plane electrodes. The results are compared with the kinetic modeling calculations. The RF electric field in the sheaths is significantly higher compared to that in the plasma, due to the displacement of the electrons by the drift oscillations and the resultant plasma self-shielding. However, the kinetic modeling predictions indicate that the electron impact ionization in the sheaths is largely ineffective, due to the low electron density. The reduction of the electric field in the plasma by the self-shielding in the sheaths is moderate, such that the energy is coupled to the plasma by the below-breakdown RF field. The peak RF field in the plasma is in the range of 15–25 Td, indicating the efficient vibrational excitation of N2 by electron impact. The modeling predictions suggest that the targeted vibrational excitation of molecular species in a non-self-sustained RF discharge with external ionization is scalable to high pressures, electron densities, and discharge powers. The present approach can be extended to the vibrational excitation of other molecular species where the vibrational relaxation is relatively slow, such as CO, CO2, and H2.
Zero-dimensional models for gravitational and scalar QED decoherence
Authors: Xu Qidong , Blencowe M P 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We investigate the dynamics of two quantum mechanical oscillator system–bath toy models obtained by truncating to zero spatial dimensions linearized gravity coupled to a massive scalar field and scalar quantum electrodynamics (QED). The scalar-gravity toy model maps onto the phase damped oscillator, while the scalar QED toy model approximately maps onto an oscillator system subject to two-photon damping. The toy models provide potentially useful insights into solving for open system quantum dynamics relevant to the full scalar QED and weak gravitational field systems, in particular operational probes of the decoherence for initial scalar field system superposition states.
Unidirectionality and Husimi functions in constant-width neutrino billiards
Authors: Dietz Barbara 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We investigate the spectral properties and Husimi functions of relativistic quantum billiards (QBs) consisting of a spin-1/2 particle governed by the Dirac equation and confined to a planar domain of constant-width (CW) by imposing boundary conditions (BCs) on the spinor components. We consider those of neutrino billiards (NBs) proposed in (Berry and Mondragon 1987 Proc. R. Soc. A 412 53). The classical dynamics of billiards of corresponding shape is predominantly chaotic. CW billiards attracted particular attention because they exhibit unusual properties. Their classical dynamics features unidirectionality, whereas in the corresponding nonrelativistic QB a change of the rotational direction of motion is possible via dynamical tunneling, and the spectral properties coincide with those of typical quantum systems with violated time-reversal invariance. Unidirectionality of the quantum dynamics would arise in the structure of the Husimi functions. We analyze them for two realizations of CW NBs in the ultra-relativistic, i.e. the massless case and for massive cases and come to the result, that the modes can be separated into clockwise and counterclockwise modes and dynamical tunneling is absent. This is attributed to the BCs and the unidrectionality of the local current arising from them.
Funding the Black Arts Repertory Theatre/School
Authors: Kotin Joshua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Black Arts Repertory Theatre/School (BARTS) opened in Harlem in May 1965 and closed less than a year later. During that year, it became a center for arts and activism, a target of government surveillance and infiltration, and a symbol in a national controversy about government spending and accountability, and Black nationalism and civil disobedience. Today, BARTS is recognized as the inspiration for the Black Arts Movement. This article presents a history of BARTS by detailing how it was funded. The article also intervenes in debates about government sponsorship of the arts, and complicity and cooption.Did federal funding lead to the destruction of BARTS? If so, was there any alternative?
Genetic and epigenetic variation separately contribute to range expansion and local metalliferous habitat adaptation during invasions ofChenopodium ambrosioidesinto China
Authors: Zhang Hanchao , Tang Yongwei , Li Quanyuan , Zhao Shangjun , Zhang Zhou , Chen Yahua , Shen Zhenguo , Chen Chen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsInvasive plants often colonize wide-ranging geographical areas with various local microenvironments. The specific roles of epigenetic and genetic variation during such expansion are still unclear. Chenopodium ambrosioides is a well-known invasive alien species in China that can thrive in metalliferous habitats. This study aims to comprehensively understand the effects of genetic and epigenetic variation on the successful invasion of C. ambrosioides.MethodsWe sampled 367 individuals from 21 heavy metal-contaminated and uncontaminated sites with a wide geographical distribution in regions of China. We obtained environmental factors of these sampling sites, including 13 meteorological factors and the contents of four heavy metals in soils. Microsatellite markers were used to investigate the demographic history of C. ambrosioides populations in China. We also analysed the effect of epigenetic variation on metalliferous microhabitat adaptation using methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) markers. A common garden experiment was conducted to compare heritable phenotypic variations among populations.Key ResultsTwo distinct genetic clusters that diverged thousands of years ago were identified, suggesting that the eastern and south-western C. ambrosioides populations in China may have originated from independent introduction events without recombination. Genetic variation was shown to be a dominant determinant of phenotypic differentiation relative to epigenetic variation, and further affected the geographical distribution pattern of invasive C. ambrosioides. The global DNA unmethylation level was reduced in metalliferous habitats. Dozens of methylated loci were significantly associated with the heavy metal accumulation trait of C. ambrosioides and may contribute to coping with metalliferous microenvironments.ConclusionsOur study of C. ambrosioides highlighted the dominant roles of genetic variation in large geographical range expansion and epigenetic variation in local metalliferous habitat adaptation.