bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of digital therapeutics‐based cardiac rehabilitation in heart failure patients: a systematic review
Authors: Zhang Xiu , Luo Zeruxin , Yang Mengxuan , Huang Wei , Yu Pengming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDuring the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, it has become difficult to provide centre‐based cardiac rehabilitation for heart failure patients. Digital therapeutics is a novel concept proposed in recent years that refers to the use of evidence‐based therapeutic interventions driven by high‐quality software programs to treat, manage, or prevent a medical condition. However, little is known about the use of this technology in heart failure patients. This study aims to explore the safety and efficacy of digital therapeutics‐based cardiac rehabilitation in heart failure patients and to provide new insights into a new cardiac rehabilitation model during the COVID‐19 era. To identify technologies related to digital therapeutics, such as the use of medical applications, wearable devices, and the Internet, all relevant studies published on PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane database, and China National Knowledge Internet were searched from the time the database was established until October 2021. The PEDro was used to assess the quality of included studies. We ultimately identified five studies, which included 1119 patients. The mean age was 66.37, the mean BMI was 25.9, and the NYHA classification ranged from I to III (I = 232, II = 157, III = 209). The mean 6‐min walk distance was 397.7 m. The PEDro scores included in the study ranged from 4 to 8, with a mean of 5.8. Exercise training was performed in four studies, and psychological interventions were conducted in three studies. No death or serious adverse events were observed. Adherence was reported in three studies, and all exceeded 85%. The results of most studies showed that digital therapeutics‐based cardiac rehabilitation significantly increases exercise capacity and quality of life in heart failure patients. Overall, although this study suggests that digital therapeutics‐based cardiac rehabilitation may be a viable intervention for heart failure patients during the COVID‐19 era, the efficacy of this new model in routine clinical practice needs to be further validated in a large clinical trial.
Non‐invasive tragus stimulation improves cardiac post‐ischemic remodeling by regulating cardiac parasympathetic activity
Authors: Chen Mingxian , Chen Hui , Wang Zhen , Pan Yuchen , Hu Huihui , Wang Songyun , Yuan Yuan , Wang Zhuo , Jiang Hong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsOur previous study proved that low‐level tragus nerve stimulation (LL‐TS) could improve left ventricular remodelling by cardiac down‐stream mechanisms. However, the cardiac up‐stream mechanisms remain unknown.Methods and resultsTwenty‐eight adult beagle dogs were randomly divided into an MI group (myocardial infarction was induced by permanent ligation of the left coronary artery, n = 10), an LL‐TS group (MI plus intermittent LL‐TS treatment, n = 10), and a control group (sham ligation with the same stimulation as the LL‐TS group, n = 8). Auricular tragus nerve was bilaterally delivered to the tragus via ear‐clips connected to a custom‐made stimulator. The voltage slowing sinus rate was used as the threshold to set the LL‐TS 80% below this level. At the end of 4 weeks post‐MI, LL‐TS could significantly increase atrial ganglion plex (GP) activity, decreased left stellate ganglion (LSG) activity, reduced LV dilation, and improved ventricular functions. Chronic intermittent LL‐TS treatment significantly attenuated left ventricular remodelling via the up‐regulation of α7nAChR expression and the down‐regulation of MMP‐9 level in post‐MI LV tissue. The elevated protein and mRNA of MMP‐9 levels in remote areas were significantly ameliorated by LL‐TS treatment.ConclusionsChronic LL‐TS increased GP neural activity and improved ventricular remodelling possibly via α7nAChR/MMP‐9 axis.
Super‐killer CTLs are generated by single gene deletion of Bach2
Authors: Barton Philippa R. , Davenport Alexander J. , Hukelmann Jens , Cantrell Doreen A. , Stinchcombe Jane C. , Richard Arianne C. , Griffiths Gillian M 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBach2 codes for a transcriptional regulator exerting major influences on T cell‐mediated immune regulation. Effector CTLs derived from in vitro activation of murine CD8+ T cells showed increased proliferative and cytolytic capacity in the absence of BACH2. Before activation, BACH2‐deficient splenic CD8+ T cells had a higher abundance of memory and reduced abundance of naïve cells compared to wild‐type. CTLs derived from central memory T cells were more potently cytotoxic than those derived from naïve T cells, but even within separated subsets, BACH2‐deficiency conferred a cytotoxic advantage. Immunofluorescence and electron microscopy revealed larger granules in BACH2‐deficient compared to wild‐type CTLs, and proteomic analysis showed an increase in granule content, including perforin and granzymes. Thus, the enhanced cytotoxicity observed in effector CTLs lacking BACH2 arises not only from differences in their initial differentiation state but also inherent production of enlarged cytolytic granules. These results demonstrate how a single gene deletion can produce a CTL super‐killer.
Catalyst‐Free Indirect C−F Activation of 3‐Perfluoroalkyl Indoles
Authors: Roider Thomas , Kleykamp Olaf A. , Ivlev Sergei I. , Hoffmann Reinhard W. , Tallarek Ulrich 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe present a catalyst‐free method for indirect C−F activation of a perfluorinated side chain in C(3) position of 1H‐indoles with moderate to good yields, which allows the introduction of a nucleophile at the α‐CF2‐group of the perfluorinated chain. By adapting this approach, it is also possible to modify 3‐perfluorobutyl‐2‐phenyl‐1H‐indole to generate privileged structures for medicinal chemistry.
Torsion in symmetric buildings due to soil‐structure interaction: A discussion on code values of accidental eccentricity factor in seismic design
Authors: Fu Jia , Chen Shaolin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSoil‐structure interaction (SSI) is often neglected in seismic design because of its inherent complexity. Therefore, SSI‐related research is crucial for ensuring that more significant issues reach engineering practice. This study focused on torsional motion to investigate the accidental eccentricity caused by SSI effect by comparing the proportional relationship between the torsional motion of an SSI system and the translational motion of a fixed‐base oscillator. The SSI model was created using a three‐dimensional rectangular foundation embedded in a layered half‐space with an oscillator mounted on the top. We employed an indirect boundary element method (IBEM) combined with non‐singular Green's functions of distributed loads to calculate the system responses of the SSI. Parametric analysis‐based results in the frequency domain revealed that the accidental eccentricity factor owing to SSI was typically in the range of 0.03–0.15. Additionally, a case study of four buildings subjected to 42 earthquakes revealed that the accidental eccentricity factor exceeded 0.05 in several cases, and 0.2 in some cases. Furthermore, it depended on the excitation spectral shape and dynamic characteristics of the SSI system. Therefore, the coded accidental eccentricity factor value of 0.05 is insufficient for ensuring the safety of buildings from the torsional effect of SSI, and a value of 0.1 is more reasonable.
Seismic design and performance of steel concentrically braced frame buildings with dissipative floor connectors
Authors: Paronesso Martina , Lignos Dimitrios G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper explores the use of sliding friction dampers (SFDs) as dissipative floor connectors to mitigate higher mode effects and earthquake‐induced absolute acceleration demands on steel concentrically braced frame (CBF) buildings. The dampers connect each floor of the steel CBF system to the diaphragms of the gravity framing system (GFS) and they allow for a relative in‐plane movement between the two systems. For this purpose, a design methodology is first proposed to define the activation forces in the SFDs so as to ensure damage‐free seismic performance in the steel CBF and the diaphragms of the GFS. The efficiency of the design methodology is demonstrated through nonlinear response history analyses on a low‐ and high‐ductility six‐story steel CBF building. The simulation results suggest that (a) the determined activation forces of the SFDs are effective in mitigating higher mode effects and in preventing story drift concentrations regardless if capacity design is employed for the CBF system; (b) the absolute acceleration demands are reduced by approximately 50% relative to those in the rigid diaphragm counterpart. Similar reductions are achieved in the lateral drift demands of the GFS at seismic intensities with return periods of 475 and 2475 years. The reduction in the variability of seismic response, both in terms of absolute floor acceleration demands and story drift ratios (SDRs) in the CBF system, is noteworthy. Limitations as well as suggestions for future work are discussed.
Deep‐TOF‐PET: Deep learning‐guided generation of time‐of‐flight from non‐TOF brain PET images in the image and projection domains
Authors: Sanaat Amirhossein , Akhavanalaf Azadeh , Shiri Isaac , Salimi Yazdan , Arabi Hossein , Zaidi Habib 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe aim to synthesize brain time‐of‐flight (TOF) PET images/sinograms from their corresponding non‐TOF information in the image space (IS) and sinogram space (SS) to increase the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and contrast of abnormalities, and decrease the bias in tracer uptake quantification. One hundred forty clinical brain 18F‐FDG PET/CT scans were collected to generate TOF and non‐TOF sinograms. The TOF sinograms were split into seven time bins (0, ±1, ±2, ±3). The predicted TOF sinogram was reconstructed and the performance of both models (IS and SS) compared with reference TOF and non‐TOF. Wide‐ranging quantitative and statistical analysis metrics, including structural similarity index metric (SSIM), root mean square error (RMSE), as well as 28 radiomic features for 83 brain regions were extracted to evaluate the performance of the CycleGAN model. SSIM and RMSE of 0.99 ± 0.03, 0.98 ± 0.02 and 0.12 ± 0.09, 0.16 ± 0.04 were achieved for the generated TOF‐PET images in IS and SS, respectively. They were 0.97 ± 0.03 and 0.22 ± 0.12, respectively, for non‐TOF‐PET images. The Bland & Altman analysis revealed that the lowest tracer uptake value bias (−0.02%) and minimum variance (95% CI: −0.17%, +0.21%) were achieved for TOF‐PET images generated in IS. For malignant lesions, the contrast in the test dataset was enhanced from 3.22 ± 2.51 for non‐TOF to 3.34 ± 0.41 and 3.65 ± 3.10 for TOF PET in SS and IS, respectively. The implemented CycleGAN is capable of generating TOF from non‐TOF PET images to achieve better image quality.
Breakthrough SARS‐CoV‐2 infection outcomes in vaccinated patients with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis: A National COVID Cohort Collaborative study
Authors: Ge Jin , Digitale Jean C. , Pletcher Mark J. , Lai Jennifer C. ,   for the N3C Consortium
Published: September 2022

Background and Aims:
Outcomes of breakthrough SARS‐CoV‐2 infections have not been well characterized in non‐veteran vaccinated patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD). We used the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) to describe these outcomes.

Approach and Results:
We identified all CLD patients with or without cirrhosis who had SARS‐CoV‐2 testing in the N3C Data Enclave as of January 15, 2022. We used Poisson regression to estimate incidence rates of breakthrough infections and Cox survival analyses to associate vaccination status with all‐cause mortality at 30 days among infected CLD patients. We isolated 278,457 total CLD patients: 43,079 (15%) vaccinated and 235,378 (85%) unvaccinated. Of 43,079 vaccinated patients, 32,838 (76%) were without cirrhosis and 10,441 (24%) with cirrhosis. Breakthrough infection incidences were 5.4 and 4.9 per 1000 person‐months for fully vaccinated CLD patients without cirrhosis and with cirrhosis, respectively. Of the 68,048 unvaccinated and 10,441 vaccinated CLD patients with cirrhosis, 15% and 3.7%, respectively, developed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The 30‐day outcome of mechanical ventilation or death after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection for unvaccinated and vaccinated CLD patients with cirrhosis were 15.2% and 7.7%, respectively. Compared to unvaccinated patients with cirrhosis, full vaccination was associated with a 0.34‐times adjusted hazard of death at 30 days.

Conclusions:
In this N3C study, breakthrough infection rates were similar among CLD patients with and without cirrhosis. Full vaccination was associated with a 66% reduction in risk of all‐cause mortality for breakthrough infection among CLD patients with cirrhosis. These results provide an additional impetus for increasing vaccination uptake in CLD populations.
Teaching health promotion competencies in undergraduate dentistry training: A unique pedagogical approach
Authors: Allen Tammy , O'Loughlin Mary , Croker Felicity 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIssue AddressedUsing appropriate pedagogical approaches in undergraduate dentistry training is important to develop student's health promotion knowledge, and to shape their attitude towards using these competencies in future dentistry practice. This brief report documents the signature pedagogical approach developed for an undergraduate health science subject at James Cook University, to teach dentistry students health promotion competencies.Pedagogical ApproachThe signature pedagogy involves three key approaches – experiential learning, cooperative learning and inquiry‐based learning. Experiential learning “beyond the classroom” enables students to develop and deliver a school‐based oral health promotion program. “Inside the classroom,” role‐plays encourage students to apply their health promotion skills to real‐world dentistry scenarios. Cooperative learning techniques such as “think, pair, share” create a supportive environment for students to confidently exchange ideas; and inquiry‐based learning engages students in thinking critically about health promotion strategies to address contemporary oral health challenges. These pedagogical approaches have developed student's understanding of the health promotion competencies required of a newly qualified dentist.ConclusionPedagogical approaches that engage dentistry students in experiential, cooperative and inquiry‐based learning are important considerations for undergraduate teaching, to strengthen understanding of health promotion and to help shape student's attitude towards using these competencies in future dentistry practice.
The who, what, where, when and why of engaging with policymakers: A critical reflection
Authors: Ingram Kelsey 
Published: September 2022

AbstractImproving relationships between researchers and policymakers is one element of knowledge mobilisation that has proven to increase the translation of research into policy. However, researchers report they find it difficult to engage policymakers with research. In this article, a personal narrative approach was used to analyse my experience, as a PhD candidate, when engaging policymakers to participate in a qualitative research study. A total of 93 contacts were made in an attempt to recruit policymakers; these contacts consisted of both policymakers and knowledge brokers. The experience of contacting and engaging with policymakers identified barriers other researchers may experience and offers enablers to assist when engaging policymakers. This reflective approach resulted in the development of the five following themes: who you know, what ifs, when is it enough, where is the research going and why value is important. These five themes can act as a guide for researchers when preparing to engage policymakers into research.
Does greater financial openness promote external competitiveness in emerging markets? The role of institutional quality
Authors: Aman Zunaira , Granville Brigitte , Mallick Sushanta K. , Nemlioglu Ilayda 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStudies have shown that external capital account liberalisation can boost capital inflows and augment economic development. Nevertheless, in the case of developing and emerging economies (DEE), adverse currency fluctuations could hamper external competitiveness due to relative price differences creating currency overvaluation, which might not be mitigated via financial openness alone. Therefore, this paper uses annual panel data for 35 DEEs over 40 years to explore whether financial openness of countries can help preserve their external price competitiveness, in the presence of greater trade openness and better institutional quality. Our findings suggest that financial openness alone does not aid export competitiveness, unless it is supported by greater trade openness. In addition, both cross country and regional analyses show that financial openness can benefit economies in maintaining their export competitiveness if they have stronger quality of institutions. Our results remain robust when we estimate the role of financial openness and institutional quality jointly on external competitiveness across regions, and during the pre‐ and post‐crisis periods. We conclude that financial openness alone is not sufficient to improve external competitiveness of an emerging economy, but it does help in the presence of greater trade openness or better institutions, enabling reduction in trade costs and thereby making these countries more price‐competitive.
Pregnancy rate following endometriomas management by ablation using plasma energy, cystectomy and drainage: A three‐arm comparative study
Authors: Puscasiu Lucian , Mircea Oana , Hennetier Clotilde , Rubod Christelle , Schmied Remy , Resch Benoit , Merlot Benjamin , Roman Horace 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare differences in the postoperative pregnancy rate in women seeking to conceive and presenting with endometriomas larger than 3 cm in diameter, which were managed by ablation using plasma energy, cystectomy, or simple drainage.MethodsA retrospective three‐arm comparative study based on prospective collection of data evaluating 363 patients, undergoing endometrioma cystectomy, ablation using plasma energy, or simple drainage.ResultsIn this series, 204 (56.2%) patients underwent endometrioma ablation using plasma energy, 121 (33.3%) received cystectomy, and 38 (10.5%) had a simple drainage. Postoperative follow up was 50 ± 26 months. Overall postoperative pregnancy rate was 60.3%. The probability of being pregnant after cystectomy, ablation, and drainage was respectively 27%, 32%, and 16% at 12 months, with a statistically significant difference between pregnancy rates among the three arms (P = 0.015). Simple drainage was associated with a probability of conception over 50% after 2 years, mainly based on postoperative assisted reproductive technology.ConclusionsWe reveal good postoperative pregnancy rate after ablation using plasma energy or cystectomy for endometriomas. Surgical management should be carefully considered in women with endometriomas and pregnancy intention, because the postoperative pregnancy rate may be compared with that observed after first‐line assisted reproductive technology management.
Outcome of subsequent pregnancies post uterine rupture in previous delivery: A case series, a review, and recommendations for appropriate management
Authors: Dabi Yohann , Bouaziz Jerome , Burke Yechiel , Nicolas‐Boluda Alba , Cordier Anne‐Gael , Chayo Jennifer , Cohen Shlomo B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo provide clinicians with concrete solutions on the best management of and counseling for patients in a subsequent pregnancy following uterine rupture.MethodsA retrospective analysis of patients treated between 2005 and 2020 at Sheba Medical Center was conducted. All patients who had undergone a complete uterine rupture and subsequently had a full‐term pregnancy were included. A literature review was conducted using Pubmed database and including previously published literature reviews.ResultsFifteen patients with subsequent pregnancies following uterine rupture were included in our cohort. Mean interval between rupture and subsequent pregnancy was 3.8 years (range 2.2–6.9 years). One patient had repeat uterine rupture of less than 2 cm at 36+5 weeksof pregnancy. A total of 17 studies were selected in this literature review, including a total of 774 pregnancies in 635 patients. The risk of repeated uterine rupture was 8.0% (62/774), ranging from 0% to 37.5%. Overall, the risk of maternal death was of 0.6% (4/635), with only four cases reported in three studies.ConclusionThe risk of recurrence after uterine rupture is significant but should not prevent patients from conceiving.
The NDDG criteria versus the IADPSG or the ADA criteria for diagnosing early‐onset gestational diabetes mellitus or abnormal glucose tolerance
Authors: González‐González Nieves Luisa , González‐Dávila Enrique , Megía Ana , Pintado Pilar , Vega Begoña , Padrón Erika , Pérez‐Conde Laura , Villalba Nazaret , Bugatto Fernando 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the effects of substituting the National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) criteria with the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) or American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria for the diagnosis of early‐onset gestational diabetes mellitus (Early‐GDM) or first trimester abnormal glucose tolerance (1 t‐AGT).MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted of 3200 women: 400 with Early‐GDM, 800 with GDM, and 2000 with Non‐GDM, according to the NDDG criteria. Rates of women with missed and new Early‐GDM according to the IADPSG or ADA criteria were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to compare perinatal outcomes between groups.ResultsUsing the IADPSG criteria, 61.6% of women with Early‐GDM according to the NDDG were undiagnosed (Missed‐Early‐GDM group), and 25.9% of women with GDM and 15.7% of women with Non‐GDM were diagnosed with Early‐GDM (New‐Early‐GDM groups). Perinatal outcomes were worse in Missed‐Early‐GDM than in Non‐GDM and better in New‐Early‐GDM groups than in the Early‐GDM group. According to the ADA recommendations, only 11.8% of women with Early‐GDM according to the NDDG criteria were diagnosed.ConclusionReplacing the NDDG recommendations for the diagnosis of Early‐GDM with the IADPSG or ADA criteria would mean depriving a large number of women with AGT and higher risk of adverse perinatal outcomes from early treatment and treating others with lower risk.
Improved segmentation of collagen second harmonic generation images with a deep learning convolutional neural network
Authors: Woessner Alan E. , Quinn Kyle P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCollagen fibers play an important role in both the structure and function of various tissues in the human body. Visualization and quantitative measurements of collagen fibers are possible through imaging modalities such as second harmonic generation (SHG), but accurate segmentation of collagen fibers is difficult for datasets involving variable imaging depths due to the effects of scattering and absorption. Therefore, an objective approach to segmentation is needed for datasets with images of variable SHG intensity. In this study, a U‐Net convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained to accurately segment collagen‐positive pixels throughout SHG z‐stacks. CNN performance was benchmarked against other common thresholding techniques, and was found to outperform intensity‐based segmentation algorithms within an independent dataset, particularly at deeper imaging depths. These results indicate that a trained CNN can accurately segment collagen‐positive pixels within a wide range of imaging depths, which is useful for quantitative SHG imaging in thick tissues.