bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mortality as an indicator of quality of neurosurgical care in England: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wahba Adam J , Cromwell David A , Hutchinson Peter J , Mathew Ryan K , Phillips Nick 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesPostoperative mortality is a widely used quality indicator, but it may be unreliable when procedure numbers and/or mortality rates are low, due to insufficient statistical power. The objective was to investigate the statistical validity of postoperative 30-day mortality as a quality metric for neurosurgical practice across healthcare providers.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingHospital Episode Statistics data from all neurosurgical units in England.ParticipantsPatients who underwent neurosurgical procedures between April 2013 and March 2018. Procedures were grouped using the National Neurosurgical Audit Programme classification.Outcomes measuredNational 30-day postoperative mortality rates were calculated for elective and non-elective neurosurgical procedural groups. The study estimated the proportion of neurosurgeons and NHS trusts in England that performed sufficient procedures in 3-year and 5-year periods to detect unusual performance (defined as double the national rate of mortality). The actual difference in mortality rates that could be reliably detected based on procedure volumes of neurosurgeons and units over a 5-year period was modelled.ResultsThe 30-day mortality rates for all elective and non-elective procedures were 0.4% and 6.1%, respectively. Only one neurosurgeon in England achieved the minimum sample size (n=2402) of elective cases in 5 years needed to detect if their mortality rate was double the national average. All neurosurgical units achieved the minimum sample sizes for both elective (n=2402) and non-elective (n=149) procedures. In several neurosurgical subspecialties, approximately 80% of units (or more) achieved the minimum sample sizes needed to detect if their mortality rate was double the national rate, including elective neuro-oncology (baseline mortality rate=2.3%), non-elective neuro-oncology (rate=5.7%), neurovascular (rate=6.7%) and trauma (rate=11%).ConclusionPostoperative mortality lacks statistical power as a measure of individual neurosurgeon performance. Neurosurgical units in England performed sufficient procedure numbers overall and in several subspecialty areas to support the use of mortality as a quality indicator.
Navigation for youth mental health and addictions: protocol for a realist review and synthesis of approaches and practices (The NavMAP standards project)
Authors: Markoulakis Roula , Arora Simran R A , Kodeeswaran Sugy , Di Febo Michelle , Kuuter Liisa , Fleming James , Walsh Cathy , Hauser Adina , Cleverley Kristin , Hitzig Sander L , Kokorelias Kristina , Cheung Amy , Willis David , Levitt Anthony 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionMental health and/or addiction (MHA) concerns affect approximately 1.2 million children and youth in Canada, yet less than 20% receive appropriate treatment for these concerns. Youth who do not receive appropriate support may disengage from care and may experience lasting MHA issues. Families of these youth also support them in finding and accessing care. Thus, system supports are needed to help youth and their families find and equitably access appropriate care. Navigation is an innovation in MHA care, providing patient-centred support and care planning that helps individuals and families overcome barriers to care. Despite the increasing availability of navigation services for youth with MHA concerns, practices and models vary, and no single source has synthesised evidence regarding approaches and outcomes for this population into comprehensive standards.Methods and analysisThe proposed research will bring together evidence in youth MHA navigation, to establish this important system support as a factor that can enhance the integration and continuity of care for these youth. Our team, which includes researchers, administrators, clinical leads, an MHA navigator and youth and caregivers with lived experience, will be involved in all project stages. Realist Review and Synthesis methodology will be used, the stages of which include: defining scope, searching for evidence, appraising studies and extracting data, synthesising evidence and developing conclusions, and disseminating findings.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required, as the study involves review of existing data. Dissemination plans include scientific publications and conferences and online products for stakeholders and the general public.
AWHONN postpartum discharge education: patient knowledge and sustainability
Authors: de los Reyes Samantha , Al-Khaled Dana , Brito Katherine , Kholmatov Manizha , Farley Brianna , Kuriloff Melissa , Stamos Gayle , Victorson David , Plunkett Beth 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThe objective is to evaluate whether the implementation of the Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN) postpartum discharge educational initiative is associated with improved patient knowledge of warning signs of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) and if the initiative is self-sustaining.DesignA pre–post design was used to evaluate patient knowledge of warning signs of SMM (Plan–Do–Study–Act, PDSA cycle 1) and if the quality improvement initiative was self-sustaining (PDSA cycle 2). Patient understanding of warning signs of SMM prior to initiation of the AWHONN education (Usual Discharge) was compared with understanding of those who were discharged after implementation (POST-BIRTH discharge). The initiative was designed to be self-sustaining. The POST-BIRTH flyer describes nine warning signs of SMM. Eligible participants were English-speaking patients discharged with a live newborn who were able to be contacted within 2 weeks. Participants completed a telephone administered nine-item survey to assess knowledge of SMM. The primary outcome was the percentage of correct answers. To evaluate sustainability, whether the POST-BIRTH fliers and discharge checklist were still being used at 19 months postinitiative was planned.ResultsFor PDSA cycle 1, in the Usual Discharge group, 347 patients were discharged, 164 (44.7%) were eligible and 151 (92.1%) completed the survey. In the POST-BIRTH discharge group, 268 patients were discharged, 199 (74.3%) were eligible and 183 (92.0%) completed the survey. Compared with the Usual Discharge group, the POST-BIRTH group had significantly more correct responses (30% vs 60%, p<0.001). In PDSA cycle 2, POST-BIRTH flyers were still being used universally on one of the two floors from which postpartum patients are discharged, but not the other.ConclusionThe implementation of an educational initiative for postpartum patients is associated with improved knowledge of warning signs of SMM. The use of the education was self-sustaining on one discharge floor but not the other.
Body mass index and mortality in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a cohort study in a South London catchment area
Authors: Chen Jianhua , Perera Gayan , Shetty Hitesh , Broadbent Matthew , Xu Yifeng , Stewart Robert 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundPeople with schizophrenia have a high premature mortality risk. Obesity is a key potential underlying risk factor that is relatively unevaluated to date.AimsIn this study, we investigated the associations of routinely recorded body size with all-cause mortality and deaths from common causes in a large cohort of people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.MethodsWe assembled a retrospective observational cohort using data from a large mental health service in South London. We followed all patients over the age of 18 years with a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorders from the date of their first recorded body mass index (BMI) between 1 January 2007 and 31 March 2018.ResultsOf 11 900 patients with a BMI recording, 1566 died. The Cox proportional hazards regression models, after adjusting for sociodemographic, socioeconomic variables and comorbidities, indicated that all-cause mortality was only associated with underweight status compared with healthy weight status (hazard ratio (HR): 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01 to 1.76). Obesity (HR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.52) and morbid obesity (HR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.03 to 2.42) were associated with all-cause mortality in the 18–45 years age range, and obesity was associated with lower risk (HR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.50 to 0.87) in those aged 65+ years. Cancer mortality was raised in underweight individuals (HR: 1.93, 95% CI: 1.03 to 4.10) and respiratory disease mortality raised in those with morbid obesity (HR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.02 to 5.22).ConclusionsOverall, being underweight was associated with higher mortality in this disorder group; however, this was potentially accounted for by frailty in older age groups, and obesity was a risk factor for premature mortality in younger ages. The impact of obesity on life expectancy for people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders is clear from our findings. A deeper biological understanding of the relationship between these diseases and schizophrenia will help improve clinical practice.
Continuous baseline update using recurrence quantification analysis for damage detection with guided ultrasonic waves
Authors: Maack Björn , Brandt Carsten , Koerdt Michael , Polle Christoph , Herrmann Axel Siegfried 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFor the safe operation of vehicles and full utilization of lightweight materials, assurance of structural integrity is a prerequisite at all times. Structural health monitoring with permanently installed transducers offers a great advantage for primary load-bearing structures of all means of transportation and other safety-relevant components such as hydrogen tanks: allowing damage detection during operation. One means to detect internal defects is the method of guided ultrasonic waves (GUWs), which can be generated and recorded by piezoelectric transducers. GUWs propagate along the elongated dimension of a structure, and a transducer network can completely cover and monitor structures. Defects can alter the signal along affected paths and allow for their detection. However, a challenge and obstacle for the application of such a testing technique in the service of means of transportation is the large influence of temperatures. These influences are difficult to distinguish from the effect of defects. One approach to overcome this difficulty is the “continuous baseline update”. Recurrence quantification analysis is tested and compared to established features as a new approach to “continuous baseline update” in this paper. Publicly available GUW data (http://www.openguidedwaves.de/) recorded under varying temperature conditions have been used to show how the methods perform. They reliably separate temperature and damage effects, while the recurrence quantification analysis yields the best results.
Mineral diagenesis in a carbonate-rich mudstone: the Lower Carboniferous Hodder Mudstone, UK
Authors: Ohiara Timothy M. , Taylor Kevin G. , Dowey Patrick J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Mineral authigenesis in mudstones responds differently across the compositional spectrum of fine-grained rocks, resulting in a complex array of possible rock fabrics that affect the mechanical capacity of mudstones. Within carbonate-rich mudstones, geochemical controls on silicate and carbonate mineral reactions are variable and poorly understood. Here we analyse the diagenetic minerals of the carbonate-rich Hodder Mudstone from the Carboniferous Bowland Basin, UK, using SEM petrography combined with X-ray-based inorganic geochemical data. Our findings show that up to 90% of quartz cements in the samples are diagenetic, originating mainly from biogenic silica dissolution and clay mineral reactions. It is also evident that due to the varying diagenetic silica-yielding reactions, authigenic silica overgrowths and isolated authigenic quartz crystals are localized in argillaceous samples, while calcareous samples are characterized by silica replacement textures and quartz/calcite intergrowths. Moreover, euhedral dolomite crystals are concentrated within argillaceous units, whereas calcareous units are characterized by anhedral dolomite precipitation and replacement textures. These finding presents a case for facies-selective cementation, as both early and burial diagenetic alterations were observed to be controlled by primary depositional components of biogenic debris and extrabasinal silicate detritus that resulted in complex and variable precipitation of authigenic minerals.
Pore structure–transport relationships in the Bowland Shale
Authors: Pitcher Eleanor G. , Fletcher Robin S. , Large David J. , Rigby Sean P. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Shale rocks are highly structurally and chemically heterogeneous, such that the pore structure–transport relationship is complex. Shales typically have porosity over many length-scales from the molecular up to macroscopic fractures. This work utilizes gas overcondensation to probe pore sizes from micropores to very large macropores all in the same experiment without the potential for damage due to high pressures when conducting mercury porosimetry. Indeed, the Bowland Shale samples studied here are generally inaccessible to mercury intrusion. The gas overcondensation method can also be augmented using scanning loops to assess the spatial juxtaposition of very different pore sizes, and this has been used to determine that some large macropores are shielded by pore necks less than 4 nm in size in the Bowland Shale. In addition, the adsorption calorimetry method has been used to assess the accessibility of the void space. It has been found that mass transport is limited by particular ‘hour-glass’-like pore necks that fill at quite low saturation, and thus present a barrier to molecular migration. The shielding of macroporosity by narrow necks was particularly significant for the Above Marine Band sample, with lower shielding observed in the Marine Band and Below Marine Band materials.
Knowledge Graph Construction with a
Façade
: A Unified Method to Access Heterogeneous Data Sources on the Web
Authors: Asprino Luigi , Daga Enrico , Gangemi Aldo , Mulholland Paul 
Published: November 2022

Data integration is the dominant use case for RDF Knowledge Graphs. However, Web resources come in formats with weak semantics (for example, CSV and JSON), or formats specific to a given application (for example, BibTex, HTML, and Markdown). To solve this problem, Knowledge Graph Construction (KGC) is gaining momentum due to its focus on supporting users in transforming data into RDF. However, using existing KGC frameworks result in complex data processing pipelines, which mix structural and semantic mappings, whose development and maintenance constitute a significant bottleneck for KG engineers. Such frameworks force users to rely on different tools, sometimes based on heterogeneous languages, for inspecting sources, designing mappings, and generating triples, thus making the process unnecessarily complicated. We argue that it is possible and desirable to equip KG engineers with the ability of interacting with Web data formats by relying on their expertise in RDF and the well-established SPARQL query language [
2
].

In this article, we study a unified method for data access to heterogeneous data sources with Facade-X, a meta-model implemented in a new data integration system called SPARQL Anything. We demonstrate that our approach is theoretically sound, since it allows a single meta-model, based on RDF, to represent data from
(a)
any file format expressible in BNF syntax, as well as
(b)
any relational database. We compare our method to state-of-the-art approaches in terms of usability (cognitive complexity of the mappings) and general performance. Finally, we discuss the benefits and challenges of this novel approach by engaging with the reference user community.
Flash Glucose Monitoring and Diabetes Mellitus Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: An Approach to Clinical Practice
Authors: Rodríguez de Vera-Gómez Pablo , Piñar-Gutiérrez Ana , Guerrero-Vázquez Raquel , Bellido Virginia , Morales-Portillo Cristóbal , Sancho-Márquez María Pilar , Espejo-García Pablo , Gros-Herguido Noelia , López-Gallardo Gema , Martínez-Brocca María Asunción , Soto-Moreno Alfonso 
Published: November 2022

Objectives. The aim of this study is to investigate in depth diabetes mellitus associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (DM-ICIs) by analysing a case series. We also evaluated the clinical impact of flash glucose monitoring (FGM) systems in the management of this entity. Methods. We conducted an observational cohort study of DM-ICIs diagnosed in two hospitals in Seville (Spain). Patients with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) or with sudden worsening of preexisting DM after starting treatment with ICIs, with a random 5 hour-postprandial C-peptide value of <0.6 nmol/L and without possibility of subsequent withdrawal of insulin treatment, were included. Results. A total of 7 cases were identified, mostly males (

n
=
6

; 85.7%), with a mean age of 64.9 years. The mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) upon diagnosis was 8.1%, with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) observed in 6 cases (85.7%). Subcutaneous flash glucose monitoring (FGM) systems were used in six cases, with a mean follow-up period of 42.7 weeks. During the first 90 days of use, mean average glucose was 167.5 mg/dL, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 34.6%. The mean time in the range 70-180 mg/dL (TIR) was 59.7%, with a mean time above range (TAR) 181-250 mg/dL of 27.8% and a mean

TAR
>
250

mg
/
dL

of 10.2%. The mean time below range (TBR) 54-69 mg/dL was 2%, while the mean

TBR
<
54

mg
/
dL

was 0.3%. The mean glucose management indicator (GMI) was 7.3%. No significant differences were observed in FGM values for the following 90 days of follow-up. A progressive improvement in all parameters of glycaemic control was observed between the first month of FGM use and the sixth month of FGM use. Of note, there was a decrease in mean CV (40.6% to 34.1%,

p
=
0.25

), mean TAR 181-250 (30.3% to 26%,

p
=
0.49

), mean

TAR
>
250

mg
/
dL

(16.3% to 7.7%,

p
=
0.09

), mean TBR 54-69 mg/dL (5.2% to 2%,

p
=
0.16

), and mean

TBR
<
54

mg
/
dL

(1.8% to 0.2%,

p
=
0.31

), along with an increase in mean values of TIR 70-180 mg/dL (46.5% to 60.5%,

p
=
0.09

). The lack of statistical significance in the differences observed in the mean FGM values over the follow-up period may be related to the small sample size. Conclusion. DM-ICI is recognised by a state of sudden-onset insulinopenia, often associated with DKA. The use of FGM systems may be a valid option for the effective management of DM-ICIs and for the prevention of severe hyperglycaemic and hypoglycaemic episodes in this condition.
Effectiveness and Safety of Zercepac and Reference Trastuzumab in the Neoadjuvant Setting for Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Liu Zheying , Guan Yinan , Yao Yongzhong , Zhang Weijie , Zhuang Xiaoming , Zhang Yin , Zhu Tingting 
Published: November 2022

Aim. Since the high cost of reference trastuzumab limits its clinical application, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of the Zercepac and reference product trastuzumab in neoadjuvant therapy for HER2-positive breast cancer. Methods. This study retrospectively collected clinical data of patients with early-stageHER2-positive breast cancer, who received trastuzumab, pertuzumab, docetaxel, and platinum as neoadjuvant therapy from November 2020 to July 2021. Patients were divided into the Zercepac and reference trastuzumab groups. Reduction in tumor size, clinical response based on RECIST1.1 criteria, pathological complete response (pCR), and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to adjust confounders. Results. A total of 105 patients were included in the study, among them, 65 were in the Zercepac group and 40 were in the reference trastuzumab group. The percentage of tumor shrinkage from baseline was comparable between the Zercepac and reference trastuzumab group (47.6 ± 18.6% vs. 43.0 ± 19.9%,

p

= 0.235). Clinical partial response rate was similar between the two groups (81.5% vs. 70.0%,

p

= 0.172). There were 28 cases of pCR (70.0%) in the reference trastuzumab group and 46 cases of pCR (70.8%) in the Zercepac group (

p

= 0.933). The choice of Zercepac or reference trastuzumab was not significantly associated with pCR (OR = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.41-2.28,

p

= 0.933). Adverse events (AEs) were observed in all patients, and the incidence of ≥3 grade AEs was comparable between the two groups (81.5% vs. 70.0%,

p

= 0.172). Conclusion. Zercepac has similar effectiveness and safety profile compared with reference trastuzumab in neoadjuvant therapy, which provides treatment options for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer.
Live Coding in Music Theater—A Comprehensive Technique? The Case ofDumrul and the Grim Reaper
Authors: Artut Selçuk 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe author analyzes the play Dumrul and the Grim Reaper as a case study to explore the possibilities of live coding in the context of music theater. The live coding method, which focuses on a single main application window, allows one to effectively execute several distributed tasks simultaneously, such as music composition, sound design, sound effects, and musical performance in real-time without losing track of the theatrical text’s flow. In terms of the compositional approach, live coding will be proposed as a holistic sound and music creation technique that centers on using textual systems to depict elaborate forms of artistic expression.
Significant subgraph mining for neural network inference with multiple comparisons correction
Authors: Gutknecht Aaron J. , Wibral Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We describe how the recently introduced method of significant subgraph mining can be employed as a useful tool in neural network comparison. It is applicable whenever the goal is to compare two sets of unweighted graphs and to determine differences in the processes that generate them. We provide an extension of the method to dependent graph generating processes as they occur, for example, in within-subject experimental designs. Furthermore, we present an extensive investigation of the error-statistical properties of the method in simulation using Erdős-Rényi models and in empirical data in order to derive practical recommendations for the application of subgraph mining in neuroscience. In particular, we perform an empirical power analysis for transfer entropy networks inferred from resting-state MEG data comparing autism spectrum patients with neurotypical controls. Finally, we provide a Python implementation as part of the openly available IDTxl toolbox.