bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INTERLEUKIN -2 ( IL-2 ) AND GAMMA INTERFERON ( IFN Î³ ) OF LYMPHOCYTE CULTURE SUPERNATANT IN IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA PATIENTS WITH INFECTION
Authors: Suega Ketut , Bakta I M , Sudewa D. AAG , Suata Ketut 
Published: December 2022

Iron is an essential nutrient for every living cells because of it role as molecule fortransport of oxygen, as well as DNA synthesis through synthesis of ribonucleotidereductase. Iron deficiency anemia patients, especially pregnant women and children aremore susceptible to infection because of deterioration of their immune response. This wassupported by findings of decreased in phagocytic activities of white blood cells and Tcelllymphocyte proliferation impairment. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) patients alsoaffect working capacities hence diminishing working outcomes. Although the underlyingmechanism of immune defect in iron deficiency anemia is not clearly understood,multifactor events considered play their contributing roles such as abnormality ofribonucleotide reductase enzym, impairment of T-cell proliferation and activities, alteredcytokine production of IL-2 and IFNÎ³ .The study was done to asses the relationship of IL-2 and gamma IFN withinfection in IDA patients on lymphocyte culture supernatant of IDA patients. Study wasconducted on cross-sectional analytic design. Sixty-four iron deficiency anemia patientstreated in Sanglah General Teaching Hospital were recruited, and 31 (48.4%) out of 64IDA patients were man and 33 (51.6%) women, have been selected for the study. Thisstudy found 17 (26.7%) IDA patients with infection, aged 38 Â± 14.48 years and 47(73.3%) IDA patients without infection, with age average of 40.5 Â± 14.4 years. Allvariables of data characteristics examined did not indicate any statistical significantdifference between group of IDA patients with infection and those without infection. Theaverage level of hemoglobin between the two groups did not differ statistically. Similarresult was obtained if samples were differentiated into severe (Hb< 7g/dl) and mildanemia. The study also revealed that there were no differences of cytokine level observedbetween older and younger age (upper and below 44.5 years) in IDA patients withinfection and without infection. Furthermore, no differences of cytokine level were foundbased on gender between IDA male 10.9 (8.60 â€“ 12,65) (pg/l) patients and IDA femalepatients 10.6 (7.50 â€“ 13.43) (pg/l) with Z -0.490, p =0.624. Nevertheless, significantdifferences were noted between supernatant of IL-2 and IFNÎ³ in IDA patients withinfection when compared to IDA patients without infection (Z= - 2.509, p= 0.012 forsupernatant IL-2; and Z= -2.569, p= 0.010 for supernatant IFNÎ³ ).The study conclusion is that level of IL-2 and IFNÎ³ from lymphocyte culturesupernatant of patient suffered from IDA with infection is significantly lower whencompared to IDA patient without infection. It therefore summarized that lower level ofIL-2 and gamma IFN in patients suffered from iron deficiency impaired their immuneÂ response to certain infections therefore this findings support the theory that IDA patientsmore susceptible to get infected.
DOSE AND SAFETY OF HYPOETES POLYTHYRSA MIQ ETHANOL EXTRACT FOR DISSOLVING RENAL CALCULI: an affordable medication
Authors: K Widana , I G. M. Adioka , D. K. Ernawati 
Published: December 2022

Renal calculi develops when the urine contains more crystal-forming substances, such as calcium, uric acid and a compound called oxalate. Most renal calculis are calcium-based, usually in combination with oxalate.Â Hypoetes PolythyrsaÂ Miq has been used empirically to prevent or treat renal calculi. This study aims to identify toxicity or side effect ofÂ Hypoetes PolythyrsaÂ Miq ethanol extract for dissolving renal calculi, therefore this extract can be applied safely and effective for curing renal calculi.An in vitro research with pre-post control group design was conducted at Pharmacy Department Faculty of Medicine Udayana University. In addition, to determine as to whether the extract is safe orally, LD50 test was also conducted using mice strain BALB/c.The results showed that ethanol extract ofÂ Hypoetes PolythyrsaÂ Miq leaves has dissolved renal calculi significantly (Î± <0.05).Â Five percent of the extract was effectively dissolving calcium stone 3.36 times higher than control positive (BE). It was also proven that an acute LD50Â was achieved at a dose of 0.694 g extract (139% of usual dose). It can be concluded that the use of ethanol extractÂ per oral in short term therapy is safe.
GARCINIA MANGOSTANA L. RIND EXTRACT AND PHYSICAL TRAINING REDUCE OXIDATIVE STRESS IN WISTAR RATS DURING MAXIMAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Arsana I N. , Adiputra N. , Pangkahila J. A. , Putra-Manuaba I. B. 
Published: December 2022

Oxidative stress is a condition of imbalance between the production of free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants, in which the levels of free radicals higher than antioxidants. One causes of oxidative stress is the maximum physical activity. Oxidative stress can be reduced by antioxidants. One source of antioxidants is mangosteen rind (Garcinia mangostanaÂ L). This study aimed to investigate the role of mangosteen rind extract and physical training in reducing Malondialdehyde (MDA, increasing Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx).This study used a randomized block design with factorial pattern of 6 x 2 with four repetitions. The first treatments are mangosteen rind extract with doses; 0, 50, 100; 200; 300, and 400 mg/kg bodyweight/day for four weeks. The second treatments are the physical training consists of; without and with physical training. MDA, SOD and GPx were assessed in the end of treatment. Data were analyzed with GLZ.The results showed that average of MDA, SOD and GPx different significantly (p<0.05) after administration of extracts as well as physical training. Extracts and physical training concurrently also showed effect significant (p<0.05). However, at doses 0 until 300 mg/kg bodyweight, MDA levels more higher while SOD and GPx lower significantly (p<0.05) at training group compared with without training. Whereas at dose 400 mg/kg bw, MDA lower at training (p>0.05), while SOD and GPx were recorded significantly (p<0.05) higher than the group without training.Overall, it could be concluded that physical training with administration of mangosteen rind extract reduce oxidative stress through reduction of MDA, as well as increased both SOD and GPx.
Dermatitis atopi pada bayi usia 0-12 bulan kelahiran RSUP Sanglah Denpasar dengan riwayat atopi keluarga antara bulan Desember 2015-Januari 2016
Authors: Nugraha Made Bandem Kenny Wijaya , Kumara Wati Ketut Dewi , Kardana I Made 
Published: December 2022

Atopy disease is a genetic predisposition to develop any allergies in person. The example of atopic disease is atopic dermatitis, a chronic residual skin disorder that often occurs in infancy to children with itching, redness, and vesicles on the skin as its symptoms. The causes of atopic dermatitis are a family history of atopy, age, and environmental factors. If the parent or the family has a history of atopy, there will be a chance for the child to has dermatitis atopy in the next time.Aim: This study aims to determine the role of family history in atopy dermatitis’s incidence in infants aged 0-12 months.Method: Total sampling method used in the study obtained 39 samples with a family history of atopy. Anamnesis was conducted to determine the history of atopy which is owned by the samples.Result: It showed that 22 samples had atopy dermatitis and 17 samples didn’t have atopy dermatitis.Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that family history of atopy has a role in atopy dermatitis’s incidence in infants aged 0-12 months. Penyakit atopi merupakan salah satu penyakit genetik yang mengembangkan suatu alergi pada individu. Contoh dari penyakit atopi adalah dermatitis atopi, yaitu penyakit kulit kronik residif yang umumnya terjadi saat usia bayi hingga anak-anak dengan gejala berupa rasa gatal, kemerahan, serta terbentuknya vesikel pada kulit. Pencetus munculnya dermatitis atopi adalah faktor riwayat atopi pada keluarga, faktor usia, dan faktor lingkungan. Apabila orang tua atau keluarga memiliki riwayat atopi, maka semakin besar kemungkinan untuk anak mengalami dermatitis atopi dikemudian hari.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran riwayat atopi yang dimiliki keluarga terhadap kejadian dermatitis atopi pada bayi usia 0-12 bulan.Metode: Dari total sampling diperoleh 39 sampel dengan riwayat atopi. Anamesis dilakukan untuk mengetahui riwayat atopi yang dimiliki sampel.Hasil: Hasil anamnesis mendapatkan 22 sampel mengalami dermatitis atopi dan 17 sampel tidak mengalami dermatitis atopi.Simpulan: Riwayat atopi keluarga memiliki peran terhadap kejadian dermatitis atopi pada bayi usia 0-12 bulan.
Prevalensi gangguan tidur pada penderita parkinson di Poli Saraf RSUD Wangaya Denpasar tahun 2017
Authors: Wikandikta I Putu Gede , Samatra Dewa Putu Gde Purwa , Meidiary Anak Agung Ayu 
Published: December 2022

Background: Parkinson's disease is one of the major causes of disability in the field of neurology and also the disease is chronic progressive. This disease is caused by the lack of dopamine levels in the body, especially the brain. Parkinson's disease affects a small part of the midbrain called susbstantia nigra. Parkinson's disease usually begins between the ages of 50 and 65, affecting about 1% of the entire population. Total cases of deaths from Parkinson's disease in Indonesia are ranked 12th in the world or 5th in Asia, with a prevalence of 1100 deaths in 2002.Aim: This research aimed to know the prevalence of sleep disorders in patients with Parkinson Disease in Neurology Poly of RSUD Wangaya Denpasar.Method: This research was a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects was 61 patients diagnosed with Parkinson Disease and did the treatment in Neurology Poly of RSUD Wangaya Denpasar from January 1, 2017, until December 31, 2017. This research is using primary data from the interview.Results and Conclusion: Patients suffered Parkinson’s disease was 45.9% in 61 - 70 age group; 60.7% men; educational background of subjects was 62.3% senior high school; 36.1% private employee; 85.2% subjects had sleep disorders; 54.1% subjects had insomnia; ; 72.1% subjects didn’t have RLS; 82% subjects didn’t have EDS; 91.8% subjects didn’t have Nocturia. Latar Belakang: Penyakit Parkinson adalah salah satu penyebab utama disabilitas di bidang neurologi dan juga penyakit ini bersifat kronik progresif. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh kurangnya kadar dopamine dalam tubuh khususnya otak. Penyakit Parkinson memengaruhi bagian kecil dari otak tengah yang bernama susbstantia nigra. Penyakit Parkinson biasanya dimulai antara usia 50 dan 65, menyerang sekitar 1 % dari seluruh populasi. Total kasus kematian akibat penyakit Parkinson di Indonesia menempati peringkat ke-12 di dunia atau peringkat ke-5 di Asia, dengan prevalensi mencapai 1100 kematian pada tahun 2002.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui prevalensi munculnya gangguan tidur pada penderita Parkinson di Poli Saraf Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Wangaya Denpasar tahun 2017.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah 61 pasien yang terdiagnosis menderita Parkinson dan melakukan pengobatan di Poli Saraf RSUD Wangaya Denpasar pada rentang waktu 1 Januari 2017 s.d. 31 Desember 2017. Data penelitian adalah data primer yang diperoleh dari wawancara.Hasil dan Kesimpulan: Pasien Parkinson terbanyak yaitu 45,9% berusia 61-70 tahun; 60,7% berjenis kelamin laki-laki; 62,3% memiliki tingkat pendidikan SMA; 36,1% pegawai swasta; 85,2% mengalami gangguan tidur; 54,1% mengalami insomnia; 72,1% tidak mengalami RLS; 82% tidak mengalami EDS; 91,8% tidak mengalami nokturia.
Faktor determinan kematian ibu di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar tahun 2016
Authors: Hamdanillah Rela , Suardika Anom , Darmayasa Made , Manuaba Ida Bagus Gde Fajar 
Published: December 2022

Background: Maternal mortality is the death of women during pregnancy or within 42 days of delivery, whether associated with pregnancy or complications exacerbated by pregnancy and not related to incidental causes. Maternal mortality is a critical indicator in assessing the level of wellbeing and public health status. The risk of maternal death is divided into three such as remote determinants, intermediate determinants, and acute clinical determinants.Aim: This study aims to determine the determinant factors as a role player in maternal mortality at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar in 2016.Method: This research is cross-sectional descriptive research conducted at RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. The sample of the study was all mothers died at Sanglah Hospital during the year 2016. The data obtained in the form of patient medical record data. Data were analyzed by descriptive methods.Result and Conclusion: The maternal mortality caused by the remoted determinant factors which were the highest in the maternal group with 9-12 years of education (77.3%) and the working mother group (54.5%). On the intermediate determinant, the highest is at age 20-35 years (81.8%), with parity 2-3 (63.6%), 2-10 year of gestational distance (54.5%), the most top obstetric factors are preeclampsia/eclampsia (27.2%), but the nonobstetric cause is the leading cause of maternal mortality. Kematian ibu adalah kematian wanita selama masa kehamilan atau dalam kurun waktu 42 hari setelah melahirkan, baik yang berhubungan dengan kehamilan maupun komplikasi yang diperburuk oleh masa kehamilan, serta tidak berhubungan dengan penyebab incidental. Angka kematian ibu merupakan indikator penting dalam menilai tingkat kesejahteraan dan status kesehatan masyarakat. Faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap kematian ibu secara garis besar dapat kelompokkan menjadi penyebab obstetrik dan penyebab non obstetrik. Menurut McCarthy dan Maine, risiko kematian ibu dibagi menjadi 3 yaitu, determinan jauh, determinan antara dan determinan dekat.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor determinan yang berperan dalam kematian ibu di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar tahun 2016.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif cross-sectional yang dilakukan di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Sampel penelitian adalah semua ibu meninggal di RSUP Sanglah selama tahun 2016. Data yang diperoleh berupa data rekam medis pasien, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif.Hasil dan Kesimpulan: Kematian ibu yang disebabkan karena faktor determinan yang tertinggi yaitu pada kelompok ibu dengan pendidikan 9-12 tahun (36,4%) dan kelompok ibu yang bekerja (54,5%). Pada faktor determinan antara yang tertinggi yaitu pada usia 20-35 tahun (81,8%), dengan paritas 2-3 (63,6%), jarak kehamilan 2-10 tahun (54,5%), faktor penyebab obstetrik yang tertinggi adalah preeklampsia/eklampsia (27,2%), namun secara garis besar penyebab non obstetrik merupakan penyebab utama kematian ibu.
Profil efek samping minor pada penggunaan OAT Kategori I pada pasien tuberkulosis paru di Poliklinik Paru RSUP Sanglah Oktober 2017 – Februari 2018
Authors: Gunawan Gusti Ngurah Bagus Wira , Mahendra Agung Nova , Dewi Ni Wayan Sucindra 
Published: December 2022

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Indonesia is one of the countries with a high incidence of tuberculosis. Indonesia adopted DOTS as TB control with the use of OAT. Long-term treatment with OAT can cause mild or severe side effects.Aim: This research aimed to determine the minor side effects profile of ATT category I in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Pulmonary Poly of RSUP Sanglah.Methods: This research was a retrospective descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects were 35 patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and did treatment in Pulmonary Poly of RSUP Sanglah from October 1, 2017, until January 31, 2018. This research is using primary data the questionnaire that has been validated and then adopted by the authors and secondary data using medical records obtained at Pulmonary Poly of RSUP Sanglah.Results and Conclusion: Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was 94.3% experience sweat or urine in orange; 54.3% experienced nausea with or without vomiting, and 48.6% experienced no appetite. Adults experienced 3 to 4 minor side effects. Latar Belakang: Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Salah satu negara yang memiliki angka kejadian tuberkulosis yang cukup tinggi adalah Indonesia. Indonesia mengadopsi DOTS sebagai penanggulangan TB dengan penggunaan OAT. Pengobatan jangka panjang dengan OAT dapat menimbulkan efek samping yang ringan ataupun berat.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil efek samping minor penggunaan OAT kategori 1 pada pasien TB paru di Poliklinik Paru RSUP Sanglah.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah 35 pasien yang terdiagnosis menderita tuberkulosis paru dan melakukan pengobatan di Poli Paru RSUP Sanglah pada rentang waktu 1 Juli 2017 s.d. 31 Januari 2018. Data penelitian adalah data primer yang diperoleh dari kuisioner yang sudah tervalidasi dan kemudian diadaptasi oleh penulis dan data sekunder yang menggunkan Rekam Medis yang diperoleh di Poliklinik Paru RSUP Sanglah.Hasil dan Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien TB paru mengalami keringat atau urin berwarna oranye (94,3%), mual dengan atau tanpa disertai muntah (54,3%), dan mengalami tidak nafsu makan (48,6%). Lalu responden kategori umur dewasa mengalami 3 sampai 4 efek samping minor.
Hubungan antara osteopontin dengan rasio Ca : Mg dan nilai Ca X P: Studi pada penderita penyakit ginjal tahap akhir
Authors: Barliyan Muh Agus , Samsuria Indranila Kustarini , Rahayu Muji 
Published: December 2022

Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) can impair mineral metabolisms in the human body, such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and phosphate (P). Osteopontin is released by the kidneys and inhibits vascular calcification. Examination of the Ca:Mg ratio and Ca x P product in ESRD to see vascular calcification complications and is considered better than a single examination.Objective: To analyze the correlation of osteopontin levels with the ratio of Ca: Mg and product Ca x P in ESRD patients.Methods: Analytic observational study with cross sectional approach was conducted in February-June 2019 involving 30 ESRD patients while hemodialysis at Permata Medika Hospital in Semarang with consecutive sampling. They were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Calcium, magnesium and phosphate levels were measured using K lite cornley with the Ion-Selective Electrode (ISE) method. The Ca:Mg ratio and Ca x P product were calculated manually. Osteopontin levels were measured using the ELISA method. Correlation using Spearman test with p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The median Ca:Mg ratio was 4.63 (3.27 - 5.58) and the Ca x P product was 58.26 mg2/dl2 (19.53 - 111.24). Correlation of osteopontin with Ca:Mg ratio and Ca x P product are respectively with r=0.370 (p=0.044) and with r=0.406 (p=0.026).Conclusion: Osteopontin is correlated to the level of Ca:Mg ratio and Ca x P product in ESRD patients. Latar belakang: Penyakit ginjal tahap akhir (PGTA) dapat mempengaruhi metabolisme mineral, seperti kalsium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), dan fosfat (P). Osteopontin yang dikeluarkan oleh ginjal berfungsi menghambat kalsifikasi vaskuler. Pemeriksaan rasio Ca:Mg dan nilai Ca x P pada PGTA untuk melihat komplikasi kearah kalsifikasi pembuluh darah dan dianggap lebih baik daripada pemeriksaan tunggal.Tujuan: Menganalisis korelasi kadar osteopontin dengan rasio Ca:Mg dan nilai Ca x P pada pasien PGTA.Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang dilakukan pada bulan Februari-Juni 2019 melibatkan 30 pasien PGTA saat melakukan hemodialisis di RS Permata Medika Semarang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Kadar kalsium, magnesium dan fosfat diukur menggunakan alat K lite cornley dengan metode Ion Selective Electrode (ISE) dan rasio Ca:Mg dan Ca x P dihitung manual. Pemeriksaan kadar osteopontin menggunakan metode ELISA. Analisis statistika menggunakan uji Spearman dengan p<0,05 dianggap bermakna.Hasil: Hasil median rasio Ca:Mg adalah 4,63 (3,27 – 5,58) dan nilai Ca x P adalah 58,26 mg2/dl2 (19,53 – 111,24). Korelasi osteopontin dengan rasio Ca:Mg dan nilai Ca x P berturut-turut adalah r= 0,370 (p=0,044) dan r=0,406 (p=0,026).Simpulan: Kadar osteopontin berkorelasi dengan rasio Ca:Mg dan nilai Ca x P pada pasien PGTA.
Tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku orangtua tentang penyakit diare dan penanganannya pada anak balita di Pandu D’Care
Authors: Tangkas Made Refika Widya Apsari , Nesa Ni Nyoman Metriani , Mayangsari Ayu Setyorini Mestika , Hartawan Nyoman Budi 
Published: December 2022

Background: Diarrhea is an increased frequency of defecation, 3 times or more a day, with changes in the consistency of the stool which become loose to watery. World Health Organization (WHO) states that there are 1.7 billion cases of diarrhea annually and responsible for 525,000 deaths in children each year.Aim: This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of parents regarding early treatment of diarrhea of toddlers in D’Care Pandu Child Care Center in January 2019.Method: This study was a cross-sectional observational study. Research subjects consisted of 47 parents who entrust their children to be taken care at the D'Care Pandu Child Care Center. Subjects were asked to fill out a questionnaire to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes and behavior of parents regarding diarrheal disease and its management.Results: Most parents had good knowledge about diarrhea (66%). Most respondent had good attitude level (66%) and moderate level of parental behavior (52%).Conclusion: There were adequate knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of parents related to diarrhea problems in children. Diare adalah meningkatnya frekuensi defekasi yaitu 3 kali atau lebih dalam sehari, dengan perubahan konsistensi tinja menjadi lebih lembek hingga cair. World Health Organization (WHO) menyatakan bahwa terdapat 1,7 milyar kasus diare pertahun secara global dengan angka kematian pada anak sebesar 525.000 tiap tahunnya.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, serta perilaku orangtua dalam penanganan awal diare pada balita di Tempat Penitipan Anak Pandu D’Care.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan merupakan penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan potong-lintang. Subyek penelitian terdiri dari 47 orangtua yang menitipkan anaknya di TPA Pandu D’Care pada Januari 2019. Subyek diminta mengisi kuisioner untuk mendapatkan gambaran tingkat pengetahuan, sikap serta perilaku orangtua tentang penyakit diare dan penanganannya.Hasil: tingkat pengetahuan orangtua mengenai diare sebagian besar adalah baik (66%). Sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat sikap yang baik (66%) dan didapatkan dominansi perilaku orangtua dalam tingkatan sedang yaitu sebesar 52%.Simpulan: Studi ini menunjukkan cukup adekuatnya pengetahuan serta sikap dan perilaku orang tua terkait permasalahan diare pada anak.