bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Law and Gospel, Distinction and Dialectic: C.F.W. Walther, Søren Kierkegaard, and the Rich Young Ruler
Authors: Coe David Lawrence 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Nineteenth-century Lutheran giants C.F.W. Walther and Søren Kierkegaard both stressed over the application of Martin Luther’s doctrine of Law and Gospel. Both viewed Law and Gospel as concepts to be distinguished and as concepts that dialectically belong together. To his Pelagian audience tempted to abuse the Law and abolish the Gospel, Walther stressed the distinction of Law and Gospel. To his Antinomian audience tempted to abuse the Gospel and abolish the Law, Kierkegaard stressed the dialectic of Law and Gospel. Walther and Kierkegaard’s contrasting Law and Gospel emphases are clearly seen in their contrasting accounts of the Rich Young Ruler in the Synoptic Gospels.
Metaphysical Compatibilism and the Ontology of Trans-World Personhood: A Neo-Lewisian Argument for the Compatibility of Divine Foreknowledge (Determinism) and Metaphysical Free Will
Authors: Lenart Bartlomiej Andrzej 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDavid Lewis’ contemplations regarding divine foreknowledge and free will, along with some of his other more substantial work on modal realism and his counterpart theory can serve as a springboard to a novel solution to the foreknowledge and metaphysical freedom puzzle, namely a proposal that genuine metaphysical freedom is compatible with determinism, which is quite different from the usual compatibilist focus on the compatibility between determinism and moral responsibility. This paper argues that while Lewis opens the doors to such a possibility, in order to fully elucidate a genuinelymetaphysical compatibilistaccount, Lewis’ own counterpart theory must be abandoned in favour of an account of trans-world identity that is theoretically framed by a modified version of Robert Nozick’s closest continuer theory.
Multichannel terahertz quasi-perfect vortex beams generation enabled by multifunctional metasurfaces
Authors: Liu Wanying , Yang Quanlong , Xu Quan , Jiang Xiaohan , Wu Tong , Gu Jianqiang , Han Jiaguang , Zhang Weili 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) open a new perspective in various terahertz research. Multichannel and divergence controllable terahertz vortex beam generation holds the key to promoting the development of OAM related terahertz research. Here, we introduced and experimentally demonstrated quasi-perfect vortex beam (Q-PVB) with a controllable divergence angle independent of the topological charge and multichannel Q-PVBs generation with all-dielectric multifunctional metasurfaces. By superimposing specific phase functions together into the metasurfaces, multiple vortex beams and four-channel Q-PVBs with different topological charges are generated as well as focused at separated positions. High resolution characterization of terahertz electric field shows the good quality and broadband properties of Q-PVBs. Interestingly, compared with conventional perfect vortex beam; Q-PVB displays a smaller divergence angle and thinner ring width. The metasurfaces proposed here provide a promising avenue to realize multichannel vortex beams generation in compact terahertz systems; benefiting OAM related researches such as mode division multiplexing, vortex beam related plasmonic enhancement and spinning objective detection.
Use of SVM-based ensemble feature selection method for gene expression data analysis
Authors: Zhang Shizhi , Zhang Mingjin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Gene selection is one of the key steps for gene expression data analysis. An SVM-based ensemble feature selection method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the method builds many subsets by using Monte Carlo sampling. Secondly, ranking all the features on each of the subsets and integrating them to obtain a final ranking list. Finally, the optimum feature set is determined by a backward feature elimination strategy. This method is applied to the analysis of 4 public datasets: the Leukemia, Prostate, Colorectal, and SMK_CAN, resulting 7, 10, 13, and 32 features. The AUC obtained from independent test sets are 0.9867, 0.9796, 0.9571, and 0.9575, respectively. These results indicate that the features selected by the proposed method can improve sample classification accuracy, and thus be effective for gene selection from gene expression data.
Ohne Pflege keine Implementierung von Spiritual Care
Authors: von Dach Christoph , Zumstein-Shaha Maya 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund: Pflegefachpersonen kümmern sich rund um die Uhr um Patientinnen und Patienten. Daher sind Pflegefachpersonen oft als erste mit spirituellen Fragen und Bedürfnissen konfrontiert. Somit ist die Integration der spirituellen Betreuung für sie ein wichtiges Anliegen. Allerdings fühlen sich die Pflegefachpersonen oft unsicher und überfordert. Es fehlt an gezielten Aus- und Weiterbildungen. Gleichzeitig fehlt den Pflegefachpersonen die nötige Unterstützung durch die Institution.

Forschungsfrage: Welche Bedeutung hat die Pflege bei der Umsetzung der spirituellen Betreuung von Menschen mit onkologischen Erkrankungen? Untersucht werden die Bedürfnisse und Anliegen der Patientinnen und Patienten sowie die Bedeutung und der Umgang mit der eigenen Spiritualität der Pflegefachpersonen.

Methode: Zu diesem Zweck wurde ein Scoping Review in PubMed und Google Scholar durchgeführt. Die Erkenntnisse wurden mit den Ergebnissen einer Sekundäranalyse einer qualitativen Online-Umfrage unter Schweizer und US-amerikanischen Nurse Practitioner-Studierenden und Nurse Practitioners zusammengeführt. Es wurden insgesamt vier Themen identifiziert.

Schlussfolgerung: Spiritual Care kann nicht ohne Pflege umgesetzt werden. Denn sie gestalten die wesentlichen Voraussetzungen im klinischen Alltag. Es braucht jedoch strukturierte Dokumentation im Pflegeprozess und formale Austauschforen in interdisziplinären Meetings. Dazu muss eine Kultur aufgebaut werden, die spirituelle Pflege ermöglicht und von der Leitung unterstützt wird. Weitere Forschung zu diesem Thema ist notwendig.
Energy of a digraph with respect to a VDB topological index
Authors: Monsalve Juan , Rada Juan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Let

D

D

be a digraph with vertex set

V

V

and arc set

E

E

. For a vertex

u

u

, the out-degree and in-degree of

u

u

are denoted by

d

u

+

{d}_{u}^{+}

and

d

u

−

{d}_{u}^{-}

, respectively. A vertex-degree-based (VDB) topological index

φ

\varphi

is defined for

D

D

as

φ

(

D

)

=

1

2

∑

u
v
∈
E

φ

d

u

+

,

d

v

−

,

\varphi (D)=\frac{1}{2}\sum _{uv\in E}{\varphi }_{{d}_{u}^{+},{d}_{v}^{-}},

where

φ

i
,
j

{\varphi }_{i,j}

is an appropriate function which satisfies

φ

i
,
j

=

φ

j
,
i

{\varphi }_{i,j}={\varphi }_{j,i}

. In this work, we introduce the energy

ℰ

φ

(

D

)

{{\mathcal{ {\mathcal E} }}}_{\varphi }(D)

of a digraph

D

D

with respect to a general VDB topological index

φ

\varphi

, and after comparing it with the energy of the underlying graph of its splitting digraph, we derive upper and lower bounds for

ℰ

φ

{{\mathcal{ {\mathcal E} }}}_{\varphi }

and characterize the digraphs which attain these bounds.
Sakuranetin and its therapeutic potentials – a comprehensive review
Authors: Junaid Md. , Basak Bristy , Akter Yeasmin , Afrose Syeda Samira , Nahrin Afsana , Emran Rashiduzzaman , Shahinozzaman Md. , Tawata Shinkichi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Sakuranetin (SKN), a naturally derived 7-O-methylated flavonoid, was first identified in the bark of the cherry tree (Prunus spp.) as an aglycone of sakuranin and then purified from the bark of Prunus puddum. It was later reported in many other plants including Artemisia campestris, Boesenbergia pandurata, Baccharis spp., Betula spp., Juglans spp., and Rhus spp. In plants, it functions as a phytoalexin synthesized from its precursor naringenin and is the only known phenolic phytoalexin in rice, which is released in response to different abiotic and biotic stresses such as UV-irradiation, jasmonic acid, cupric chloride, L-methionine, and the phytotoxin coronatine. Till date, SKN has been widely reported for its diverse pharmacological benefits including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimycobacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antileishmanial, antitrypanosomal, glucose uptake stimulation, neuroprotective, antimelanogenic, and antitumor properties. Its pharmacokinetics and toxicological properties have been poorly understood, thus warranting further evaluation together with exploring other pharmacological properties such as antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and antinociceptive effects. Besides, in vivo studies or clinical investigations can be done for proving its effects as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, antimelanogenic, and antitumor agent. This review summarizes all the reported investigations with SKN for its health-beneficial roles and can be used as a guideline for future studies.
Engineering Critical Thinking in Chemical Engineering-Implementation and Student’s Perception
Authors: Raut N. 
Published: July 2022

Chemistry for Engineers is a fundamental subject in the Chemical Engineering curriculum, and it serves as a bridge between science and engineering by integrating theoretical concepts with real-world situations. To be successful in their careers, future engineers must master the skill of critical thinking. The goal of this research is to use the DoIt@Home Laboratory to improve students' critical thinking and problem-solving skills. The Carona pandemic necessitated the development of this component, which consists of a series of laboratory exercises that require pupils to demonstrate critical thinking skills. In order to better understand students' perceptions of and performance in learning CT skills using the new approach, surveys were utilized to evaluate the DoIt@Home Laboratory. We were able to demonstrate that the DoIt@Home Laboratory is an effective method for enhancing critical thinking skills. 75 % of students have adequate reasoning, evaluation, and problem-solving skills. Indicators from both chemistry and statistics lend credence to their arguments. 52 % of students think they have a good grasp on the fundamentals of chemistry, meaning that they can explain phenomena and study results, defend their positions with evidence, and synthesize arguments.
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome have poorer work ability and higher disability retirement rate at midlife: a Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 study
Authors: Kujanpää Linda , Arffman Riikka K , Vaaramo Eeva , Rossi Henna-Riikka , Laitinen Jaana , Morin-Papunen Laure , Tapanainen Juha , Ala-Mursula Leena , Piltonen Terhi T 
Published: July 2022

Objective
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) presents with multiple comorbidities potentially affecting function. This was the first general population-based study to evaluate work ability, participation in working life, and disability retirement in middle-aged women with and without PCOS.

Design
This is a cohort study.

Methods
Women with PCOS (n = 280) and women without PCOS symptoms or diagnosis (n = 1573) were identified in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort in 1966 and were evaluated for self-rated work ability and potential confounders at age 46. Next, incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for disability and unemployment days were extracted from national registers during a prospective 2-year follow-up. Lastly, we assessed hazard ratios (HRs) for disability retirement between 16 and 52 years of age from national registers.

Results
The women with PCOS reported poorer ability to work at age 46, especially due to poorer health. During the 2-year follow-up period, the affected women gained on average an additional month of disability and unemployment days, corresponding to an approximately 25% higher risk for both disability (IRR (95% CI): 1.25 (1.22–1.27)) and unemployment days (IRR (95% CI): 1.26 (1.23–1.28)) in models adjusted for health and socioeconomic factors. Lastly, we found a two-fold higher cumulative risk for disability retirement by age 52 compared to non-PCOS women (HR (95% CI): 1.98 (1.40–2.80)), which remained after adjusting for confounding factors (aHR (95% CI): 1.55 (1.01–2.38)).

Conclusions
PCOS is associated with lower participation in working life already in midlife. Acknowledging PCOS-related multimorbidity, concerted efforts are needed to support sustainable careers for women with PCOS.
Associations Between Weight and Lower Respiratory Tract Disease Outcomes in Hospitalized Children
Authors: Halvorson Elizabeth E. , Saha Amit , Forrest Christopher B. , Razzaghi Hanieh , Brittan Mark , Christakis Dimitri A , Cole F. Sessions , Mejias Asuncion , Phan Thao-Ly Tam , McCrory Michael C. , Wells Brian J. , Skelton Joseph A. , Poehling Katherine A. , Tieder Joel S. 
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE
To identify associations between weight status and clinical outcomes in children with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) or asthma requiring hospitalization.

METHODS
We performed a retrospective cohort study of 2 to 17 year old children hospitalized for LRTI and/or asthma from 2009 to 2019 using electronic health record data from the PEDSnet clinical research network. Children &lt;2 years, those with medical complexity, and those without a calculable BMI were excluded. Children were classified as having underweight, normal weight, overweight, or class 1, 2, or 3 obesity based on Body Mass Index percentile for age and sex. Primary outcomes were need for positive pressure respiratory support and ICU admission. Subgroup analyses were performed for children with a primary diagnosis of asthma. Outcomes were modeled with mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression incorporating age, sex, and payer as fixed effects.

RESULTS
We identified 65 132 hospitalizations; 6.7% with underweight, 57.8% normal weight, 14.6% overweight, 13.2% class 1 obesity, 5.0% class 2 obesity, and 2.8% class 3 obesity. Overweight and obesity were associated with positive pressure respiratory support (class 3 obesity versus normal weight odds ratio [OR] 1.62 [1.38–1.89]) and ICU admission (class 3 obesity versus normal weight OR 1.26 [1.12–1.42]), with significant associations for all categories of overweight and obesity. Underweight was also associated with positive pressure respiratory support (OR 1.39 [1.24–1.56]) and ICU admission (1.40 [1.30–1.52]).

CONCLUSIONS
Both underweight and overweight or obesity are associated with increased severity of LRTI or asthma in hospitalized children.
Impact of Routine Childhood Immunization in Reducing Vaccine-Preventable Diseases in the United States
Authors: Talbird Sandra E. , Carrico Justin , La Elizabeth M. , Carias Cristina , Marshall Gary S. , Roberts Craig S. , Chen Ya-Ting , Nyaku Mawuli K. 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Current routine immunizations for children aged ≤10 years in the United States in 2019 cover 14 vaccine-preventable diseases. We characterize the public-health impact of vaccination by providing updated estimates of disease incidence with and without universally recommended pediatric vaccines.

METHODS
Prevaccine disease incidence was obtained from published data or calculated using annual case estimates from the prevaccine period and United States population estimates during the same period. Vaccine-era incidence was calculated as the average incidence over the most recent 5 years of available surveillance data or obtained from published estimates (if surveillance data were not available). We adjusted for underreporting and calculated the percent reduction in overall and age-specific incidence for each disease. We multiplied prevaccine and vaccine-era incidence rates by 2019 United States population estimates to calculate annual number of cases averted by vaccination.

RESULTS
Routine immunization reduced the incidence of all targeted diseases, leading to reductions in incidence ranging from 17% (influenza) to 100% (diphtheria, Haemophilus influenzae type b, measles, mumps, polio, and rubella). For the 2019 United States population of 328 million people, these reductions equate to &gt;24 million cases of vaccine-preventable disease averted. Vaccine-era disease incidence estimates remained highest for influenza (13 412 per 100 000) and Streptococcus pneumoniae-related acute otitis media (2756 per 100 000).

CONCLUSIONS
Routine childhood immunization in the United States continues to yield considerable sustained reductions in incidence across all targeted diseases. Efforts to maintain and improve vaccination coverage are necessary to continue experiencing low incidence levels of vaccine-preventable diseases.
Diffuse Deformation and Surface Faulting Distribution from Submetric Image Correlation along the 2019 Ridgecrest, California, Ruptures
Authors: Antoine Solène L. , Klinger Yann , Delorme Arthur , Wang Kang , Bürgmann Roland , Gold Ryan D. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
The 2019 Mw 6.4 and 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake sequence (July 2019) ruptured consecutively a system of high-angle strike-slip cross faults (northeast- and northwest-trending) within 34 hr. The complex rupture mechanism was illuminated by seismological and geodetic data, bringing forward the issue of the interdependency of the two fault systems both at depth and at the surface, and of its effect on the final surface displacement pattern. Here, we use high-resolution (WorldView and Pleiades) optical satellite image correlation to measure the near-fault horizontal and vertical surface displacement fields at 0.5 m ground resolution for the two earthquakes. We point out significant differences with previous geodetic- and geologic-based measurements, and document the essential role of distributed faulting and diffuse deformation in producing the observed surface displacement patterns. We derive strain fields from the horizontal displacement maps, and highlight the predominant role of rotation and shear strain in the surface rupture process. We discuss the segmentation of the rupture based on the fault geometry and along-strike slip variations. We also image several northeast-trending faults with similar orientation to the deeply embedded shear fabric identified in aftershock studies, and show that these cross faults are present all along the rupture, including at a scale &lt;100 m. Finally, we compare our results to kinematic slip inversions, and show that the surface diffuse deformation is primarily associated with areas of shallow slip deficit; however, this diffuse deformation cannot be explained using elastic modeling. We conclude that inelastic processes play an important role in contributing to the total surface deformation associated with the 2019 Ridgecrest sequence.
Growth and Yield of Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] Crop as Influenced by Humic Acid Application
Authors: Duary Swarnali , Biswas Tufleuddin , Sengupta Kajal 
Published: July 2022

Background: Among the different grain legumes, blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper)] is a well-known leguminous crop popular because of its nutritional quality and suitability for multiple cropping systems. Methods: A field experiment was conducted during Autumn season of 2018 and 2019 at Kalyani, Nadia to evaluate the effect of humic acid (HA) application on growth and yield of blackgram crop. The treatments were: Control (sowing of dry seed) (T1); Seed priming (soaking) in water (T2); Seed priming in 0.5% humic acid solution (T3); Seed priming in 1% humic acid solution (T4); Seed priming in 2% Humic acid solution (T5); Soil application of humic acid @1 kg/ha (T6); Soil application of humic acid @ 2 kg/ha (T7); Soil application of humic acid @1 kg/ha + 10 t compost/ha (T8); Soil application of humic acid @ 2 kg/ha + 10 t compost/ha (T9); Foliar application of 0.01% humic acid solution 25 days after sowing (DAS) (T10); Foliar application of 0.05% humic acid solution (25 DAS) (T11); Foliar application of 0.1% humic acid solution (25 DAS) (T12). Result: Soil application of humic acid along with compost had significant effect on number of pods m-2, though; other yield components such as seeds pod-1, seed index was statistically at par in most occasions. The maximum seed yield (1295.53 kg ha-1 and 1298.47 kg ha-1 in 2018 and 2019, respectively) was obtained from the treatment T9 and the second-best treatment was T8.
Transient Well Testing
Authors: Kamal Medhat M. 
Published: July 2022

Transient well testing provides indirect determination of reservoir and well parameters. It is one of the most important in a spectrum of diagnostic tools used by petroleum engineers to characterize hydrocarbon assets and predict their future performance. This new monograph is the go-to handbook for designing, running, and analyzing different types of transient tests in oil and gas reservoirs. Since the publication of SPE’s last monograph on well testing, considerable advances in testing tools, computing technology, and theoretical development have continued to enhance the information that can be obtained from transient testing and change the methods of interpretation. A gap in the petroleum engineer’s library for a comprehensive book covering the state of the art in well-test analysis has existed for some time now. Practicing petroleum engineers need a single up-to-date reference for transient testing of oil, gas, and water wells; Transient Well Testing has been written to fill that gap.
Errata (http://go.spe.org/TWTerrata)
Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process with ordered pair of normalized real numbers
Authors: Cui Haoyang , Zhang Hui , Zhou Lei , Yang Chunming , Li Bo , Zhao Xujian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is a widely used multi-criteria decision theory, and most AHP relies on the judgments of experts to derive priority scales. However, the judgment of experts may be subjective, and different experts may give different judgments for a problem. In order to make the decision results more objective, machine learning algorithms can be used to make the judgment. However, machine learning algorithms are strongly related to the collected data and not being flexible enough. This paper tries to combine expert judgments with algorithmic judgments to improve the bias of experts' judgments while still making decision-making flexibility. The authors combine expert's judgments with the judgments of the machine learning algorithm into Ordered pair of normalized real numbers (OPNs) and then make decisions through OPNs. Experiments on real data sets show that the proposed algorithm can get reasonable decision results. Moreover, when the expert's judgments are wrong or invalid, the judgments given by the machine learning algorithm can correct the expert's judgments to obtain a reasonable decision-making result.