bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association and Predictive Capability of Body Composition and Diabetes Mellitus Using Artificial Intelligence: A cohort study
Authors: Nematollahi Mohammad Ali , Askarinejad Amir , Asadollahi Arefeh , Salimi Maryam , Moghadami Mana , Sasannia Sarvin , Bazrafshan Mehdi , Farjam Mojtaba , Homayounfar Reza , Pezeshki Babak , Amini Mitra , Roshanzamir Mohamad , Alizadehsani Roohallah , Drissi Hamed Bazrafshan , Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between regional body fat distribution and the prevalence of Diabetes mellitus (DM) in adult populations using machine learning. We applied machine learning methods to data from a cohort study to analyze the relationship between fat in different body areas and diabetes. All measurement was done by "Tanita Segmental Body Composition Analyzer BC-418 MA Tanita Corp, Japan". The correlation between the used parameters and DM was measured using some machine learning algorithms i.e. SVM, SGD, KNN, MLP, Adaboost and EDINet. A total of 4661 participants were included. The top features that reported higher importance in classification models were age, fat mass, and percentages in legs, arms, and trunk area. Fat-free mass in the legs, arm, and trunk area was reversely associated with diabetes. Our proposed method significantly outperformed the others. It has the best performances in Accuracy, Precision, Recall-0, Recall-1, and F1-score, which were 93.57, 93.67, 96.11, 74.55 and 93.62, respectively. Our machine learning models showed that regional body fat could have specific impacts on diabetes based on the location of the fat accumulation. The most predictor values of diabetes were age, fat mass, and percentages in arms, legs, and trunk area. Further studies on different ages, gender, ethnic groups, and races are recommended.
Early Cambrian microfossils from the cherts in carbonates of the Kuruktag area, the Tarim Block
Authors: Zhang Zhi-li , Ou Zhi-ji , Li Hui-li , Li Shuang-jian , Wu Jiang , Meng Fan-Wei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The basal Cambrian is characteristic for the appearance of small shelly fossils and acanthomorphic acritarchs with relatively small vesicles. In the Tarim Block (NW China) and South China, this microfossil assemblage is dominated by small acanthomorphs and was referred to as the ‘Micrhystridium-Paracymatiosphaera-Megathrix’ (MPM) association, based on microfossils from the early Cambrian Yurtus and Xishanblaq Formations of the Tarim Block. This study provides the new early Cambrian microfossil assemblage preserved in cherts of carbonates in Tikebuladahuang section of the Kruktag area, Tarim Block. These early Cambrian microfossil assemblages come from early Cambrian Upper Xishanblaq Formation in Tikebuladahuang section correlated with the Cambrian Stage 2, and the microfossil association is dominated by Heliosphaeridium irregulare n. sp., sponge spicules, Leiosphaeridia spp., and Siphonophycus sp. also occur.
Preparation and electrochemical properties of MXene/NiS2 nanocomposites
Authors: Tang Xing-Chang , Li Xi-Yan , Ren Zhong , Zhang Ming-Jian , Zhang Jian-Qiang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
MXene/NiS2 composite was synthesized by one-step hydrothermal method with nickel nitrate and thiourea as raw materials and MXene as substrate. The nanosheets connected in the composite exhibit a void network structure, which favors ion and charge transfer. The results show that the electrochemical properties of the composite were optimized (maximum specific capacitance = 898.2 F·g− 1) at synthesis temperature of 180 ℃ and Ni/S ratio of 1:2. Compared with pure MXene (157.4 F·g− 1) and pure NiS2 (616 F·g− 1), the MXene/NiS2-1:2-180 composites exhibited superior properties. The asymmetric supercapacitor was assembled in 6 M KOH with MXene/NiS2 as anode and SC (biochar) as cathode. High energy density (32.08 Wh·kg− 1) and power density (749.92 W·kg− 1) can be obtained at an operating voltage window of 1.5 V. After 3000 charging/discharging cycles at 2 A·g− 1, the specific capacitance was 85.74% of the original specific capacitance.
Evaluation of the Factors Affecting Triage Decision-making among Emergency Department Nurses and Emergency Medical Technicians in Iran: A Study Based on Benner's Theory
Authors: Soola Aghil Habibi , Mehri Saeid , Azizpour Islam 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Emergency department (ED) nurses and emergency medical technicians (EMTs) find themselves performing triage under time pressure and with limited information. Identifying an effective triage decision-making process can play a significant role in promoting patient safety. Experts are able to make faster and more effective decisions in emergencies than novices.Objective: The current study aimed to identify the level of triage decision-making (TDM) and its' predictors in ED nurses and EMTs based on self-reported levels of nursing proficiency in Benner's theory from novice to expert.Materials and methods: Out of 821 ED nurses and EMTs who met the inclusion criteria, 320 ED nurses and 152 EMTs were included in this descriptive-analytical research. Data were collected by a demographic information form and triage decision-making inventory (TDMI) and analyzed by SPSSv.22 software using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation test, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression.Results: The total TDMI score was higher in EMTs than in ED nurses. The total score of TDMI in the ED nurses and EMTs was higher in the expert nurses than in the novices. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that self-reported levels of nursing proficiency, age, work experience, marital status and triage training course were predictors of TDM in ED nurses (P < 0.05), and self-reported levels of nursing proficiency, service location, work experience, marital status and triage training course were predictors of TDM in EMTs (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The findings indicate the need to strengthen TDM skills in ED nurses compared to EMTs. Training programs are recommended to strengthen TDM skills with special attention to its predictors (self-reported levels of nursing proficiency, age, work experience, marital status, triage training course, and service location).
Exaggerated levels of some specific TLRs, Cytokines and Chemokines in Japanese encephalitis infected BV2 and neuro2A cell lines associated with worst outcome
Authors: Shukla Mukti , Garg Atul , Dhole T. N , Chaturvedi Rachna 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Japanese encephalitis (JE) disease, a viral brain fever is caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Despite the availability of effective vaccines against this deadly infection, JE is the leading cause of epidemic viral encephalitis in children in South-east Asia. There is no treatment available for the JE disease which might be due to incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of JE virus. The JEV infections lead to permanent neurological deficits even in those who survive from the infection. Activated microglia may play a potentially detrimental role by eliciting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) influencing the surrounding brain tissue. Microglial activation, proinflammatory cytokine release and leukocytes trafficking are associated following JEV infection in CNS. How the pattern recognition receptors sense the viral nucleic acid and how the microglial and neuronal cells behaves following JEV infection is still unelucidated. There is scarcity of data on the expression levels of TLRs, cytokines and chemokines in JEV infection in invitro model. To explore the molecular mechanisms of JEV infection of microglial cells and neuronal cells, we studied the expression profile of TLRs, cytokines and chemokines in JEV infected microglial cell line BV2 and Neuronal cell line Neuro2A. For the present study, we developed the mouse model of encephalitis by intracerebral (IC) injection of JE virus for virus propagation, disease progression and damage study. Our results demonstrate the exaggerated release of some specific TLRs, cytokines and chemokines in invitro cell culture of microglial and Neuro 2A cell line which are associated with bad outcome in invivo study.
Raman Micro-spectroscopic investigation of corrosion products on gilded bronze patina and conservation techniques
Authors: Atta Diaa , Ahmed Saleh , Abdelbar Mohamed 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Selected four gilt-bronze statuettes have been studied after excavation from the burial environment. Soil deposits and corrosion forms were observed on the surface disfiguring the gold layer. Confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy and Portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) were used to identify the molecular structure and elements distribution over the statuette’s surfaces. Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) has been utilized to recognize the surface/interface state before the conservation treatment and takes the high-resolution imaging. Chemical analyses indicated that it was made of leaded bronze. A high lead content in the statuettes was reflected by lead corrosion products admixed with green chloride and carbonate salts of copper. Conservation treatment was accomplished using fine and appropriate mechanical tools to recover all the gilding remains and surface details. Finally, the protection process of statuettes was accomplished using two layers of Permalac.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Based on Laennec Approach via the Cystic Plate with Lymphadenectomy in Calot's Triangle for Gallbladder Neoplasms：initial experience and technical details
Authors: Ouyang Bin , Zhang Laizhu , Cao Yajuan , Xing Zhongjie , Peng Jin , Yue Yang , Yu Decai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aim It is still challenging to define the exact stage of early gallbladder carcinoma with preoperative imaging. Generally subserous gallbladder is dissected for the potential early gallbladder carcinoma, which may cause incomplete tumor resection or tumor spread especially for the patients with T2 stage. Here, we reported our experience and safety of Laennec approach via the cystic plate to dissect the whole gallbladder with lymphadenectomy in Clot’s triangle for accurate diagnosis and staging in gallbladder neoplasms. Methods The anatomical gap between Laennec capsule and the cystic plate serves as the landmark to dissect the whole gallbladder through Laennec approach. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy based on Laennec approach via the cystic plate, together with lymphadenectomy in Calot’s triangular, was performed in 6 patients with gallbaldder neoplasms. Results All patients had less intraoperative bleeding, no gallbladder breakage, no bile leakage, and accurate intraoperative rapid pathological staging under the corresponding strategies. The duration of surgery was comparable to that of traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Conclusion Laparoscopic cholecystectomy based on Laennec approach via the cystic plate, together with lymphadenectomy in Calot’s triangular is safe for gallblader neoplasms. In the future, the prospective clinical trial is going on to confirm the feasibility and effectiveness in the therapy of early gallbladder.
Clinical significance of dynamic variation of low cholesterol and its prognostic value in patients with pyogenic liver abscess: a retrospective study
Authors: Feng Tiantong , Zhang Wen , Hou Xiaoxue , Yuan Hui , Cai Jinyuan , Jiang Zhengyi , Hu Pingping , Yue Ming , Li Wenting , Zhu Chuanlong , Li Yuwen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Variations of serum lipids are closely related to the progression of sepsis, but their value for patients with pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) has rarely been studied. We investigated the variations of serum lipid levels in patients with PLA and its predictive value to the disease.Methods: A total of 328 patients with PLA hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2017 to December 2021 were included in this study, 35 (10.67%) in the severe group (SG) and 293 (89.33%) in the non-severe group (nSG). Their clinical records were retrospectively analyzed, and dynamic curves were drawn to clarify the changes of different indicators during the course of disease.Results: HDL-C, LDL-C and Lp(a) in SG were significantly lower than those in nSG (P<0.001). TC at baseline (OR=0.184, P< 0.001) was an independent risk factor for severe patients and had the highest predictive value, with an AUC of 0.859 and a cut-off value of 2.70mmol/L (sensitivity = 94.3%, specificity = 63.5%). For patients who met the criteria for drainage surgery, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C levels continued to decrease with antibiotic therapy alone prior to drainage and began to increase after the surgery.Conclusions: Low TC level on admission is an independent risk factor for the progression of severe illness in PLA patients, with highest predictive value surpassing other clinical indexes routinely measured. Abscess drainage should be performed as soon as possible for patients whose TC continues to decline after medicine treatment.
Time-changed Fractional Convoluted Skellam Process
Authors: SENGAR AYUSHI S. , UPADHYE Neelesh S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this article, we introduce a convoluted version of Skellam process. We also give an alternate definition through its transition probabilities and discuss its distributional properties. Next, we consider the fractional version of convoluted Skellam process, which we call as fractional convoluted Skellam process (FCSP), and derive the probability generating function, mean, variance, covariance function, and establish its the long-range dependence property. Later, we introduce two time-changed variants of fractional convoluted Skellam process, in which we introduce time-change FCSP by Lévy subordinator and its first exit time, and call as TCFCSP-I and TCFCSP-II respectively. We also derive the law of iterated logarithm property for TCFCSP-I. Later we give the expression for the asymptotic behavior of moments of TCFCSP-II. MSC Classification: 60G22; 60G55
Whole Genome Amplification as an Innovative Approach for Genomic Studies in Lichenized Fungi
Authors: Ivanovich Cristóbal , Paule Juraj , Lagostina Elisa , LaGreca Scott , Leavitt Steve , Muggia Lucia , Palice Zdeněk , Pérez-Ortega Sergio , Printzen Christian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Molecular sequence data has transformed the field of lichen taxonomy and provided crucial insight into evolutionary relationships. However, DNA obtained from standard extraction methodologies may not yield sufficient high-quality DNA to successfully perform high-throughput sequencing. Furthermore, standard DNA extraction protocols often, require the destructive use of large portions of lichen thalli and apothecia. For crustose lichens, in particular, obtaining enough high-quality DNA for subsequent genomic sequencing becomes challenging considering the small amount of source material. A further problem arises by the presence of non-target microorganisms, often co-symbionts within the lichen thalli, which can decrease the coverage of sequence reads from the mycobiont and photobiont of interest. In this paper, we present Whole Genome Amplification (WGA) as a suitable technique to recover large quantities of high-quality DNA from limited amounts of lichen thallus material or fractions of a single apothecium and minimize the quantity of non-target reads. Two WGA kits were tested: Qiagen Repli-G Single-Cell Kit and Jena Bioscience Direct WGA kit, and results were compared to CTAB-extracted DNA. DNA obtained from the three methods, was used to assemble and annotate a total of 18 mitochondrial genomes from the order Lecanorales. Of these, ten mitogenomes were fully and eight mitogenomes were partially assembled. The resulting mitogenomes showed consistent gene position patterns and phylogenetic placement was largely concordant with data previously published. We demonstrate that this alternative method can be reliably used for obtaining enough high-quality DNA material for genomic research on lichens.
Discovery and characterization of sgRNA-independent DNA cleavage from CRISPR/Cas9 in mouse embryos
Authors: Yang Liyun , Chen Lijiao , Zheng Yang , Deng Li , Bai Raoxian , Zhang Ting , Wang Zhengbo , Li Shangang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The CRISPR/Cas9 system can induce off-target effects in programmed gene editing, but there have been few reports on cleavage detection and characterization in early embryos. To study these events, sgRNAs with different off-target rates were designed by off-target prediction software and injected into mouse zygotes with Cas9. The development of the injected embryos was analyzed, and γH2AX, which can bind sequences at double-strand breaks (DSBs), was used for DNA cleavage analysis by immunostaining and CUT&Tag.
Results
The results showed that the sgRNAs with a higher off-target rate were associated with significantly reduced blastocyst rate and birth rate in injected mouse embryos. γH2AX immunofluorescence indicated that there was a relative DSB peak at 15 h after Cas9 system injection, and the number of γH2AX foci at the peak was significantly higher in the low off-target sgRNA-injected group (101.3 ± 16.6) than in the control group (42.2 ± 9.9). No predicted off-target mutations with a difference of 4 bases from the sgRNA were found in the Cas9-edited mice or fetuses. At 15 h after CRISPR/Cas9 and low off-target sgRNA injection, many sgRNA-independent DSBs were detected by CUT&Tag sequencing. The distribution of sgRNA-independent DSBs had no chromosome specificity. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation analysis of the sgRNA-independent DSB sites showed that the sgRNA-independent DSBs were mainly concentrated at genes associated with biological processes such as neuron projection morphogenesis and steroid hormone-mediated signaling; molecular functions such as PDZ domain binding and actin binding; and cell components such as postsynaptic membrane and intracellular vessel.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the many sgRNA-independent cleavages induced when the Cas9 system is used for gene editing in mouse embryos were visually detected and characterized in the genome for the first time. These results should also be considered when using or optimizing the Cas9 system.
Observation of interband Berry phase in laser driven crystals
Authors: Uzan-Narovlansky Ayelet , Faeyrman Lior , Shames Sergei , Narovlansky Vladimir , Xiao Jiewen , Arusi-Parpar Talya , Kneller Omer , Bruner Barry , Smirnova Olga , Silva Rui , Yan Binghai , Jimenez-Galan Alvaro , Ivanov Misha (Mikhail) , Dudovich Nirit 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Ever since its discovery, the notion of Berry phase has permeated through all branches of physics, being at the heart of a large variety of quantum phenomena. However, so far all its realizations were based on a continuous evolution of the quantum state, following a cyclic path. Here, we introduce and demonstrate a conceptually new manifestation of the Berry phase in light driven crystals, where the electronic wavefunction accumulates a geometric phase during discrete evolution between different bands, while preserving the coherence of the process. We experimentally demonstrate this phase by using a strong laser field to engineer an internal interferometer, induced during less than one cycle of the driving field, which maps the phase onto the emission of high order harmonics. Our work opens a new branch in the study of geometric phases, leading to a variety of new observations in light driven topological phenomena and attosecond solid state physics.
Acute and Sub-chronic Toxicity Evaluations of Mallotus repandus Stem Methanol Extract in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats
Authors: Hasan Md. Rakib , Mondal Milon , Sweilam Sherouk Hossein , Hossain Md. Monir , Hanif Md. Abu , I Sheik Md. Saiful , Roy Amit Kumar , Hasan Mohammad Mehedi , Sarkar Chandan , Mondal Kakoli Rani , Mondal Banani , Ramproshad Sarker , Panthi Sandesh , Rahman Md. Habibur 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Mallotus repandus (M. repandus), a well-known medicinal plant, is traditionally used around the globe to treat or prevent numerous diseases and/or disorders such as inflammation, hepatic disorder, cirrhosis, rheumatic arthritis, tumor, and snake-bite. Some common names for it include Bon natai, Jhante, or Gunti. Some potential bioactive compounds from this plant have been identified, and hepatoprotective activities of the stem part have been also investigated by standard methods. However, there is no strong evidence about its toxicity profile that was performed in a systematic study using substantial animal models. We designed our current study with Swiss albino mice and Sprague-Dawley rat model using biochemical parameters, histological, and hematological evaluation to assess the toxic effects of M. repandus methanol stem extract (MMSE).
Methods
In response to determining the acute toxicity of M. repandus extract, we assigned Swiss albino mice to treat with M. repandus extract at the administration concentrations of 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 mg/kg for 3 successive days. Within these 3 days, we checked out the behavioral changes, any responses to the acute toxicity, and the mortality of the selected mice at every moment. Conversely, to evaluate its sub-chronic toxicity of it, rats were allocated into four different groups to receive weight-based oral doses of MMSE (500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg; once daily) for 28 days. Biochemical, hematological, and histological investigations were conducted after the treatment period.
Results
Findings disclosed that there were no substantial alterations in comparative organ weight, the water content percentage, and body weight. Moreover, results indicated that the MMSE provides no tenacious effects on hematological parameters, serum renal markers, and electrolytes in experimental rats. However, a reduction in triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, atherogenic indices, and total cholesterol was observed. Similarly, a higher dose (2000 mg/kg) considerably decreased the hepatic marker enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), glycated hemoglobin, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and serum glucose level than the control group. Interestingly, in the histological investigation, necrotic and inflammatory features were also not found in normal cellular structures.
Conclusion
Taken all together, results suggest that MMSE is non-toxic, and bears cardio-protective, glucose-lowering capacity, and hepato-protective characteristics.
An LO Phase Shifter with Frequency Tripling and Phase Detection in 28nm FD-SOI CMOS for mm-Wave 5G Transceivers
Authors: Gannedahl Rikard , Sjöland Henrik 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper presents an LO generation circuit for 28-GHz 5G transceivers. It features phase shifting and frequency tripling using an injection-locked oscillator and injection-locked frequency tripler, respectively. A phase detector based on third harmonic mixing is also implemented and is used to detect the applied phase shift, supporting automatic calibration of the phase shifter. Additionally, an algorithm to automatically tune the oscillators to their respective locking frequency is presented. To test the LO circuitry, a 24-30-GHz sliding-IF receiver is implemented. Simulations show that a >360o tuning range over the full 24-30 GHz span is achieved, with a gain variation of 0.11 dB or less, and that the phase detector has an rms phase error of <2.5o. The circuit is implemented in a 28nm FD-SOI CMOS process and the entire chip measures 1080µm x 1080µm, including pads, and consumes 27-29 mW from a 1 V supply.