bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social bricolage and social business model in uncertain contexts: insights for the management of minor cultural heritage in Italy
Authors: Scuotto Adriana , Cicellin Mariavittoria , Consiglio Stefano 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to analyse how social entrepreneurship organizations that use approach of social bricolage adapt their business model to develop social innovation. The past decade has witnessed a surge of research interest in social entrepreneurship organizations (SEOs). This has resulted in important insights concerning their role in fostering social challenges. The crisis of both public and private profit-driven models meet the arising of new initiatives designed to meet the minor and often abandoned cultural heritage consumption need. Drawing on the domain of SEOs and social bricolage framework, these initiatives are able to pursue the social and the economic mission together and to produce social innovation.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper aims to analyze how SEOs that use strategies of social bricolage can improve the development and diffusion of social innovation. Employing in-depth multiple comparative case studies of 15 cultural SEOs in the South of Italy, through the analysis of semi-structured interview, the study enhance current understanding of the social dimension of SEOs.

Findings
First results show that SEOs in the domain of minor cultural heritage adopt an innovative business model and in particular a social business model unraveling organizational dimensions falling into the social bricolage. The relation between social bricolage dimensions and social business model criteria produces outcomes in which social innovation can be expressed.

Originality/value
This study enhances current understanding of the social dimensions of business model involved in social innovation production of cultural SEOs. This research aims to be a benchmark of the social innovation initiatives in the field of minor cultural heritage management.
What drives electric vehicles in an emerging market?
Authors: Jaiswal Deepak , Kaushal Vikrant , Deshmukh Arun Kumar , Kant Rishi , Kautish Pradeep 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe study aims to investigate the consumers' adoption of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) using socio-cognitive perceptions and socio-demographic moderators in an emerging sustainable mobility market.Design/methodology/approachThe conceptual model is analyzed via path analysis using online survey data collected from Indian respondents.FindingsThe findings substantiate to a greater extent the linkage of social-cognitive perceptions-attitude-intention with the moderation of socio-demographic variables and mediation of attitude towards BEV.Research limitations/implicationsThe study advocates several interesting theoretical and policy implications offering guidance to academics, policymakers and corporate professionals to encourage the adoption of BEVs in the milieu of the budding transportation industry.Originality/valueThe study is built upon a social-psychological linkage framework of ‘perceptions-attitude-intention’. Previous studies have overlooked the impact of social-psychological attributes and the socio-demographic moderators in envisaging the adoption of BEV, which largely remained understudied in the Indian backdrop.
Accountability in the aftermath of police related deaths in the US and England and Wales: processes and outcomes
Authors: Baker David 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe article examines the apparent absence of accountability in the aftermath of police related deaths (PRDs) in the US and England and Wales. It considers regulatory mechanisms such as investigations by independent regulators and internal affairs departments; and legal mechanisms such as cases heard in criminal, civil and coroners' courts. The processes used by these approaches, and outcomes produced are examined in terms of their perceived effectiveness in holding police to account.Design/methodology/approachThe article considers qualitative research based on interviews undertaken with the relatives of 59 people who died as a result of police contact in both countries. The research examined how families attempted to pursue justice and accountability in the aftermath of the death of a relative.FindingsWhilst the mechanisms of legal and regulatory accountability employed in each country are somewhat different, the outcomes they produce are remarkably similar: few officers are sanctioned in the aftermath of such deaths in either country. The article argues these mechanisms can provide a façade of accountability in terms of process, but not in terms of outcome. They enable systemic issues that produce police related deaths to go more or less unchanged.Research limitations/implicationsAs the research project is highly original, there are necessarily limitations in terms of the generalisability of its findings because it represents the subjective views of participants affected by PRDs. The article suggests that further research be conducted to extend our understanding of issues related to PRDs.Practical implicationsThe article argues that the investigation and regulation of PRDs in both countries is essentially flawed. Consequently, there needs to be a fundamental rethink of how such deaths are investigated, and how police could be better held to account for PRDs.Social implicationsWithout significant change to the processes and outcomes that occur in the aftermath of PRDs, it is argued that the legitimacy of police and the criminal justice system will continue to be questioned.Originality/valueThere is no known empirical academic research into PRDs that considers the views of family members in both the US and England and Wales. As such, the article produces unique insights from the perspectives of relatives of those who have died following contact with the police.
Vibration analysis and control of cracked beam using finite element method by using ANSYS
Authors: Toke Lalit K. , Patil Milind M. 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop an organized structure for damage detection of a cracked cantilever beam using finite element method and experimental method technique.

Design/methodology/approach
Due to presence of cracks the dynamic characteristics of structure change. The change in dynamic behavior has been used as one of the criteria of fault diagnosis for structures. Major characteristics of the structure which undergo change due to presence of crack are: natural frequencies, the amplitude responses due to vibration and the mode shapes. Therefore, an attempt has been made to formulate a smart technique for minimizing the amplitude of vibration for crack cantilever beam structures. In the analysis both single and double cracks are taken into account.

Findings
The results of the active vibration control experiments proved that piezoelectric sensor/actuator pair is an effective sensor and actuator configuration for active vibration control to reduce the amplitude of vibration for closed-loop system.

Originality/value
It is necessary that structures must safely work during its service life, but damages initiate a breakdown period on the structures which directly affect the industrial growth. It is a recognized fact that dynamic behavior of structures changes due to presence of crack. It has been observed that the presence of cracks in structures or in machine members leads to operational problem as well as premature failure.
Effectiveness of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines on hemodialysis patients in Japan: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Kikuchi Kan , Nangaku Masaomi , Ryuzaki Munekazu , Yamakawa Tomoyuki , Yoshihiro Ota , Hanafusa Norio , Sakai Ken , Kanno Yoshihiko , Ando Ryoichi , Shinoda Toshio , Wakino Shu , Nakamoto Hidetomo , Takemoto Yoshiaki , Akizawa Tadao ,   COVID‐19 Task Force Committee of the Japanese Association of Dialysis Physicians, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, and the Japanese Society of Nephrology
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis study compared the outcomes of dialysis patients who received SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine with those who did not use data from the Japanese COVID‐19 registry.MethodsA total of 1260 dialysis patients with confirmed positive SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: patients who experienced breakthrough infection and those who were unvaccinated. The need of oxygen supplementation and mortality risks were compared using multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe mortality rate was 24.2% in unvaccinated patients and 8.6% in breakthrough patients. The odds ratio of need of oxygen supplementation in the breakthrough patients relative to unvaccinated patients was 0.197. The hazard ratio of mortality in the breakthrough patients relative to unvaccinated patients was 0.464.ConclusionOur prospective observational study showed that SRAS‐CoV‐2 vaccination in hemodialysis patients is vital for reducing need of oxygen supplementation and mortality risk.
“Culture eats strategy for breakfast”: An in‐depth examination of police officer perceptions of body‐worn camera implementation and their relationship to policy, supervision, and training
Authors: Willis James J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryThis study uses interviews with 23 police officers from a small police department to conduct an in‐depth examination of their perceptions of three critical but understudied areas related to body‐worn camera programs: the implementation and policy‐making process, supervision, and training. The focus is on understanding the factors which contribute to, or undermine, body‐worn camera integration and acceptance.Policy ImplicationsIncluding patrol officers directly in the implementation and policy‐making processes might help increase officer acceptance of body‐worn cameras (BWCs), and the identification of potential implementation problems (especially around BWC activation, civilian notification, and minor violations of department policies). Moreover, police departments may need to anticipate resistance from features of the traditional police culture toward certain BWC uses and consider how these might be overcome. One suggestion is to conduct regular reviews of BWC footage with officers as a learning tool to help guide discretion on BWC use (especially around recording protocols), to help reframe BWCs as an innovative technology for improving street‐level performance, and to provide routine reminders to officers of the importance of BWC activation and civilian notification for achieving their potential benefits.
The quality of life in neoadjuvant versus adjuvant therapy of esophageal cancer treatment trial (QUINTETT): Randomized parallel clinical superiority trial
Authors: Malthaner Richard A. , Yu Edward , Sanatani Michael , Lewis Debra , Warner Andrew , Dar A. Rashid , Yaremko Brian P. , Bierer Joel , Palma David A. , Fortin Dalilah , Inculet Richard I. , Fréchette Eric , Raphael Jacques , Gaede Stewart , Kuruvilla Sara , Younus Jawaid , Vincent Mark D. , Rodrigues George B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe compared the health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients undergoing trimodality therapy for resectable stage I‐III esophageal cancer.MethodsA total of 96 patients were randomized to standard neoadjuvant cisplatin and 5‐fluorouracil chemotherapy plus radiotherapy (neoadjuvant) followed by surgical resection or adjuvant cisplatin, 5‐fluorouracil, and epirubicin chemotherapy with concurrent extended volume radiotherapy (adjuvant) following surgical resection.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the functional assessment of cancer therapy‐esophageal (FACT‐E) total scores between arms at 1 year (p = 0.759) with 36% versus 41% (neoadjuvant vs. adjuvant), respectively, showing an increase of ≥15 points compared to pre‐treatment (p = 0.638). The HRQOL was significantly inferior at 2 months in the neoadjuvant arm for FACT‐E, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ‐OG25), and EuroQol 5‐D‐3 L in the dysphagia, reflux, pain, taste, and coughing domains (p < 0.05). Half of patients were able to complete the prescribed neoadjuvant arm chemotherapy without modification compared to only 14% in the adjuvant arm (p < 0.001). Chemotherapy related adverse events of grade ≥2 occurred significantly more frequently in the neoadjuvant arm (100% vs. 69%, p < 0.001). Surgery related adverse events of grade ≥2 were similar in both arms (72% vs. 86%, p = 0.107). There were no 30‐day mortalities and 2% vs. 10% 90‐day mortalities (p = 0.204). There were no significant differences in either overall survival (OS) (5‐year: 35% vs. 32%, p = 0.409) or disease‐free survival (DFS) (5‐year: 31% vs. 30%, p = 0.710).ConclusionTrimodality therapy is challenging for patients with resectable esophageal cancer regardless of whether it is given before or after surgery. Newer and less toxic protocols are needed.
Survival of rural telehealth services post‐pandemic in Australia: A call to retain the gains in the ‘new normal’
Authors: Caffery Lisa A. , Muurlink Olav T. , Taylor‐Robinson Andrew W. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimCOVID‐19 rapidly transformed how Australians access health care services. This paper considers how the inability for urban patients to access in‐person care expediated the introduction of virtual solutions in health service delivery thus creating a new access paradigm for rural and remote Australians.Context‘Physical distancing’ is a phrase synonymous with public health responses to COVID‐19 in Australia, but distance is a decades‐long problem for rural health access. Counterintuitively, the pandemic and associated restrictions on mobility have reduced in real terms the distance from, and therefore the time taken to access, critical public services. ‘Lockdowns’ have unlocked health access for rural and remote Australians in ways that had been rejected prior to 2020. The pandemic has disrupted traditional delivery models and allowed the piloting of novel solutions, at the same time as stress‐testing current delivery systems. In the process, it has laid bare a myopia we term ‘urban paternalism’ in understanding and delivering rural health.ApproachThis commentary outlines how the COVID‐19 operating environment has challenged traditional urban‐dominated policy thinking about virtual health care delivery and how greater availability of telehealth appointments goes some way to reducing the health access gap for rural and remote Australians.ConclusionAustralian Commonwealth Government policy changes to expand the Medical Benefit Scheme (MBS) to include telephone or online health consultations are a positive initiative towards supporting Australians through the ongoing public health crisis and have also created access parity for some rural and remote patients. Although initially announced as a temporary COVID‐19 measure in March 2020, telehealth has now become a permanent feature of the Medicare landscape. This significant public health reform has paved the way for a more flexible and inclusive universal health care system but, more importantly, taken much needed steps towards improving access to primary health care for patients in rural and remote areas. Now the question is: Can the health care system integrate this virtual model of delivery into ‘business as usual’ to ensure the long‐term sustainability of telehealth services to rural and remote Australia?
Survival impact of immune cells infiltrating peritumoral area of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yusa Toshihiko , Yamashita Yo‐ichi , Okabe Hirohisa , Nakao Yosuke , Itoyama Rumi , Kitano Yuki , Kaida Takayoshi , Miyata Tatsunori , Mima Kosuke , Imai Katsunori , Hayashi Hiromitsu , Baba Hideo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInflammatory and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment are reported to be associated with tumor progression in several cancers. In total, 225 patients who underwent initial and curative hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from 2004 to 2013 were enrolled in this study. Tumor‐associated neutrophils (TANs), M2 macrophages (TAMs; tumor‐associated macrophages), CD8+ T cells, and regulatory T cells (Tregs) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and their relationships with patient clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were evaluated. IHC was performed focusing on TANs first. We could not find a relationship between intratumoral and peritumoral TANs and clinicopathological features except for the fibrous capsule and infiltration of tumors into capsule. Next, TAMs, CD8+ cells and Tregs were evaluated by IHC. At the peritumoral area, TANs and TAMs (r = 0.36, p = 0.001) or Tregs (r = 0.16, p = 0.008) showed a positive correlation, whereas TANs and CD8+ cells showed a negative correlation (r = −0.16, p = 0.02). As for survival outcomes, at the peritumoral area, high TANs (p = 0.0398), low CD8+ cells (p = 0.0275), and high TAMs (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with worse overall survival (OS). In addition, high TANs (p = 0.010), and high TAMs (p = 0.00125) were significantly associated with worse disease‐free survival (DFS). Finally, we established a risk signature model by combining the expression patterns of these cells. The high‐risk signature group had significantly worse OS (p = 0.0277) and DFS (p = 0.0219) compared with those in the low‐risk signature group. Our risk signature based on immune cells at the peritumoral area of the HCC can predict patient prognosis of HCC after curative hepatectomy.
Testing the effectiveness of the Developing Inclusive Youth program: A multisite randomized control trial
Authors: Killen Melanie , Burkholder Amanda R. , D'Esterre Alexander P. , Sims Riley N. , Glidden Jacquelyn , Yee Kathryn M. , Luken Raz Katherine V. , Elenbaas Laura , Rizzo Michael T. , Woodward Bonnie , Samuelson Arvid , Sweet Tracy M. , Stapleton Laura M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Developing Inclusive Youth program is a classroom‐based, individually administered video tool that depicts peer‐based social and racial exclusion, combined with teacher‐led discussions. A multisite randomized control trial was implemented with 983 participants (502 females; 58.5% White, 41.5% Ethnic/racial minority; Mage = 9.64 years) in 48 third‐, fourth‐, and fifth‐grade classrooms across six schools. Children in the program were more likely to view interracial and same‐race peer exclusion as wrong, associate positive traits with peers of different racial, ethnic, and gender backgrounds, and report play with peers from diverse backgrounds than were children in the control group. Many approaches are necessary to achieve antiracism in schools. This intervention is one component of this goal for developmental science.
Dressi: A Hardware‐Agnostic Differentiable Renderer with Reactive Shader Packing and Soft Rasterization
Authors: Takimoto Yusuke , Sato Hiroyuki , Takehara Hikari , Uragaki Keishiro , Tawara Takehiro , Liang Xiao , Oku Kentaro , Kishimoto Wataru , Zheng Bo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDifferentiable rendering (DR) enables various computer graphics and computer vision applications through gradient‐based optimization with derivatives of the rendering equation. Most rasterization‐based approaches are built on general‐purpose automatic differentiation (AD) libraries and DR‐specific modules handcrafted using CUDA. Such a system design mixes DR algorithm implementation and algorithm building blocks, resulting in hardware dependency and limited performance. In this paper, we present a practical hardware‐agnostic differentiable renderer called Dressi, which is based on a new full AD design. The DR algorithms of Dressi are fully written in our Vulkan‐based AD for DR, Dressi‐AD, which supports all primitive operations for DR. Dressi‐AD and our inverse UV technique inside it bring hardware independence and acceleration by graphics hardware. Stage packing, our runtime optimization technique, can adapt hardware constraints and efficiently execute complex computational graphs of DR with reactive cache considering the render pass hierarchy of Vulkan. HardSoftRas, our novel rendering process, is designed for inverse rendering with a graphics pipeline. Under the limited functionalities of the graphics pipeline, HardSoftRas can propagate the gradients of pixels from the screen space to far‐range triangle attributes. Our experiments and applications demonstrate that Dressi establishes hardware independence, high‐quality and robust optimization with fast speed, and photorealistic rendering.
ZoomShop: Depth‐Aware Editing of Photographic Composition
Authors: Liu Sean J. , Agrawala Maneesh , DiVerdi Stephen , Hertzmann Aaron 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe present ZoomShop, a photographic composition editing tool for adjusting relative size, position, and foreshortening of scene elements. Given an image and corresponding depth map as input, ZoomShop combines a novel non‐linear camera model and a depth‐aware image warp to reproject and deform the image. Users can isolate objects by selecting depth ranges and adjust their scale and foreshortening, which controls the paths of the camera rays through the scene. Users can also select 2D image regions and translate them, which determines the objective function in the image warp optimization. We demonstrate that ZoomShop can be used to achieve useful compositional goals, such as making a distant object more prominent while preserving foreground scenery, or making objects both larger and closer together so they still fit in the frame.
Dynamic Combination of Crowd Steering Policies Based on Context
Authors: Cabrero‐Daniel B. , Marques R. , Hoyet L. , Pettré J. , Blat J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSimulating crowds requires controlling a very large number of trajectories of characters and is usually performed using crowd steering algorithms. The question of choosing the right algorithm with the right parameter values is of crucial importance given the large impact on the quality of results. In this paper, we study the performance of a number of steering policies (i.e., simulation algorithm and its parameters) in a variety of contexts, resorting to an existing quality function able to automatically evaluate simulation results. This analysis allows us to map contexts to the performance of steering policies. Based on this mapping, we demonstrate that distributing the best performing policies among characters improves the resulting simulations. Furthermore, we also propose a solution to dynamically adjust the policies, for each agent independently and while the simulation is running, based on the local context each agent is currently in. We demonstrate significant improvements of simulation results compared to previous work that would optimize parameters once for the whole simulation, or pick an optimized, but unique and static, policy for a given global simulation context.