bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
User-centered design of central venous access device documentation
Authors: Kandaswamy Swaminathan , Gill Anne , Wood Shellie , Mckay Leah , Hike Jessica , Popkin Melissa , Ray Edwin , Maude Heather , Johnston Crawford , White Tenia , Orenstein Evan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objective
Safe care of central venous access devices (CVAD) requires clinicians be able to identify key CVAD properties from insertion until safe removal. Our objective was to design and evaluate interfaces to improve CVAD documentation quality and information retrieval.

Materials and Methods
We applied user-centered design (UCD) to CVAD property documentation interfaces. We measured expert agreement and front-line clinician accuracy in retrieving key properties in CVADs documented pre- and postimplementation.

Results
The new approach (1) optimized searches for line types, (2) enabled discrete entry of key properties which propagated to the display name, and (3) facilitated error correction by experts. Expert agreement on key CVAD properties improved from 42% to 83% (P &lt; 0.01). Frontline nurses’ perception of key CVAD properties improved from 31% to 86% (P &lt; 0.01). Ease of use scores improved from 15/100 to 80/100 (P &lt; 0.01).

Conclusions
UCD significantly improved data quality and nurse perception of CVAD properties to guide subsequent care.
BodyMapR: an R package and Shiny application designed to generate anatomical visualizations of cancer lesions
Authors: Miller David M , Shalhout Sophia Z 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Structured real-world data (RWD), such as those found in cancer registries, provide a rich source of information regarding the natural history of cancer. Interactive data visualizations of cancer lesions can provide insights into certain clinical tumor characteristics (CTC). Software that can be integrated into an oncological data collection effort and generate anatomical data visualizations of CTC are limited.

Materials and Methods
We created BodyMapR: an R package and Shiny application that generates anatomical visualizations of cancer lesions from structured data.

Results
BodyMapR is a Shiny application that transposes structured data from REDCap® onto an anatomical map to yield an interactive data visualization.

Conclusions
BodyMapR is freely available under the MIT license and can be obtained from GitHub. BodyMapR is executed in R and deployed as a Shiny application. It can be integrated into an existing cancer research platform and produces an interactive data visualization of CTC.
Inheritance and QTL Mapping for Flower Color inSalvia miltiorrhizaBunge
Authors: Yu Yan , Yang Zaijun , Jiang Yuanyuan , Wang Long , Wu Yichao , Liao Jinqiu , Yang Ruiwu , Zhang Li 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSalvia miltiorrhiza Bunge is an outcross-pollinated plant with diverse flower colors, ranging from white to purple. To clarify the genetic basis of S. miltiorrhiza flower color, we crossed white-flowered S. miltiorrhiza f. alba with dark violet-flowered S. miltiorrhiza, and selfed F1 to obtain an F2 population. The RGB color system was used to describe the flower color of the parents, F1 progeny, and F2 individuals. Afterward, we used genotyping-by-sequencing technology to construct a high-density linkage map of S. miltiorrhiza based on the F2 population. Finally, the linkage map was used to locate the QTLs of the genes that control flower color in S. miltiorrhiza. Through measurement and cluster analysis of the R, G, and B values of flowers from the parents, F1, and F2 individuals, it was found that the purple flower color of S. miltiorrhiza is a quantitative trait controlled by 2 loci of major genes. The genetic map contained 605 SNPs with a total length of 738.3 cM in 8 linkage groups (LGs), and the average distance between 2 markers was 1.22 cM. Based on the constructed genetic map and the flower R, G, B, and R+G+B values, 2 QTLs were detected for flower color, located on LG4 and LG5. The results of this study lay the foundation for cloning genes that control flower color and studying the molecular mechanism of flower color regulation in S. miltiorrhiza.
First Record of Black Widow Spider Bite Latrodectus cinctus (Araneae: Theridiidae) From Iran
Authors: Nejati Jalil , Bueno-Marí Rubén , Salehi Masoud , Akbari Mohammad Reza , Shahi Mehran 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The genus Latrodectus contains the most medically important spiders around the world. This study describes the first case of Latrodectus cinctus Blackwall, 1865 bite and clinical treatment from Iran. Also, it is the first collection report from the southeast of the country that can enhance prior knowledge on the geographical distribution of this species. We describe a 42-year-old female patient with neurological pain caused by the spider bite. Also, a summary of the entomological survey and morphological identification of the collected species from the patient’s house is presented.
Genotypic differences in response to different patterns of clonal fragmentation in the aquatic macrophytePistia stratiotes
Authors: Adomako Michael Opoku , Zhang Qian , Yu Fei-Hai 
Published: March 2022

AbstractConnected individuals (ramets) of clonal plants are frequently fragmented due to disturbance, and such clonal fragmentation may influence their growth. However, it is unclear whether different patterns of clonal fragmentation produce differential effects on plant growth and whether such differences vary with genotypes. We collected one group of connected ramets of the stoloniferous floating invasive macrophyte Pistia stratiotes from each of six provinces (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Jiangsu, Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces) of China, and assumed that these ramets belonged to different genotypes. After several generations of vegetative propagation to remove potential parental effects, new ramets (hereafter referred to as parent ramets) from each of these assumed genotypes were subjected to four patterns of clonal fragmentation, i.e., all offspring ramets produced during the experiment remained connected to their parent ramet (control), or the primary (1°), secondary (2°) or tertiary (3°) offspring ramets were disconnected from their parent ramet. We found significant growth differences among the assumed genotypes, confirming that the ramets sampled from these six provinces were from different genotypes. Compared with the control, disconnecting the 1°, 2° or 3° ramets did not significantly affect biomass of the whole clone (i.e., the parent ramet plus all offspring ramets) of P. stratiotes. Disconnecting the 1° ramets significantly increased biomass of the parental ramet of all six genotypes compared with the control. However, disconnecting the 2° or 3° ramets had little effect on biomass of the parent ramet for all genotypes except the Guangxi genotype, for which disconnecting the 2° ramets decreased biomass of the parent ramet. Disconnecting the 1°, 2° or 3° ramets had no impact on biomass or number of the 1° or the 3° ramets for any of the genotypes. However, disconnecting the 1° ramets decreased biomass of the 2° ramets for the Guangdong and Yunnan genotypes, but had no effect for the other four genotypes. We conclude that different patterns of clonal fragmentation can have different impacts on parent and offspring ramets of P. stratiotes and such an impact may vary with genotypes.
Adaptive Functioning in Children and Adolescents With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Trpchevska Ana , Longoria Jennifer , Okhomina Victoria , Raches Darcy , Potter Brian , Kang Guolian , Heitzer Andrew M , Hankins Jane S 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objective
Risk for neurocognitive deficits in sickle cell disease (SCD) is well established, yet minimal research has evaluated the risk for deficits in adaptive functioning. We assessed adaptive functioning in pediatric patients with SCD to test the hypothesis that disease, treatment, and demographic factors were associated with adaptive outcomes.

Methods
Two hundred fifty-six patients (57% HbSS/HbSß0-thalassemia and 43% HbSC/HbSß+-thalassemia), ages 8–18, received routine neuropsychological assessments as part of a larger prospective lifetime cohort study. Adaptive functioning was measured using the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second or Third Edition. Adaptive scores were compared with normative values using t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test and linear regression models were used to measure associations between adaptive functioning and age, hydroxyurea (HU) use, sickle genotype, and socioeconomic status. Furthermore, we examined the influence of intellectual and executive functioning on adaptive behavior using hierarchical linear regression analyses.

Results
Parent ratings of adaptive functioning skills did not differ from normative expectations (all false discovery rate [FDR] adjusted p-value [pFDR] &gt; 0.05). Social vulnerability was negatively associated with adaptive scores on most adaptive scales in both genotypes (pFDR &lt; 0.05). HU treatment was not significantly associated with any adaptive scale. Overall IQ was positively associated with Functional Communication and Leadership only for those with HbSS/HbSß0-thalassemia. Higher parent ratings of executive difficulties were correlated with lower adaptive scores (estimate = −0.64, standard error = 0.051, p &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Poorer parent-rated adaptive skills were associated with increased social vulnerability, lower Full-Scale IQ, and parent-rated executive difficulties. Most adaptive scores were in the normal range; however, parent ratings may not fully capture the impact of disease complications and neurocognitive deficits on daily functioning.
University Work: Re-Forming Manuscripts in Elizabeth Jesser Reid’s Correspondence Networks
Authors: McGettigan Katie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This essay discusses the process of re-forming the handwritten manuscripts held in Royal Holloway’s Papers of Elizabeth Jesser Reid into a digital archive, Elizabeth Jesser Reid’s Correspondence Networks. The letters and the digital archive map complex networks of reform in which Reid was a lynchpin, and show how the work of founding and running Bedford College, a pioneering women’s education institution, was enmeshed in a wider culture of reform. I employ Sara Ahmed’s idea of ‘queer use’ to examine connections between this nineteenth-century reform work, the digitization process, and forms of labour (administration, housekeeping, community building, and others) that are devalued in the twenty-first-century university, even as they are essential to knowledge production. I argue that digitization as a ‘queer use’ of manuscripts can illuminate the university politics of use, then and now, through analysing a letter in which Bedford’s education mission conflicted with Reid’s antislavery activism.
Molecular basis of priming-induced acquired tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses in plants
Authors: Nair Akshay U , Bhukya Durga Prasad Naik , Sunkar Ramanjulu , Chavali Sreenivas , Allu Annapurna Devi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe growth, survival, and productivity of plants are constantly challenged by diverse abiotic stresses. When plants are exposed to stress for the first time, they can capture molecular information and store it as a form of memory, which enables them to competently and rapidly respond to subsequent stress(es). This process is referred to as a priming-induced or acquired stress response. In this review, we discuss how (i) the storage and retrieval of the information from stress memory modulates plant physiological, cellular, and molecular processes in response to subsequent stress(es), (ii) the intensity, recurrence, and duration of priming stimuli influences the outcomes of the stress response, and (iii) the varying responses at different plant developmental stages. We highlight current understanding of the distinct and common molecular processes manifested at the epigenetic, (post-)transcriptional, and post-translational levels mediated by stress-associated molecules and metabolites, including phytohormones. We conclude by emphasizing how unravelling the molecular circuitry underlying diverse priming-stimuli-induced stress responses could propel the use of priming as a management practice for crop plants. This practice, in combination with precision agriculture, could aid in increasing yield quantity and quality to meet the rapidly rising demand for food.
Petal development and elaboration
Authors: Fu Xuehao , Shan Hongyan , Yao Xu , Cheng Jie , Jiang Yongchao , Yin Xiaofeng , Kong Hongzhi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Petals can be simple or elaborate, depending on whether they have complex basic structures and/or highly specialized epidermal modifications. It has been proposed that the independent origin and diversification of elaborate petals have promoted plant–animal interactions and, therefore, the evolutionary radiation of corresponding plant groups. Recent advances in floral development and evolution have greatly improved our understanding of the processes, patterns, and mechanisms underlying petal elaboration. In this review, we compare the developmental processes of simple and elaborate petals, concluding that elaborate petals can be achieved through four main paths of modifications (i.e. marginal elaboration, ventral elaboration, dorsal elaboration, and surface elaboration). Although different types of elaborate petals were formed through different types of modifications, they are all results of changes in the expression patterns of genes involved in organ polarity establishment and/or the proliferation, expansion, and differentiation of cells. The deployment of existing genetic materials to perform a new function was also shown to be a key to making elaborate petals during evolution.
Apple vacuolar processing enzyme 4 is regulated by cysteine protease inhibitor and modulates fruit disease resistance
Authors: Dong Chaohua , Li Ronghui , Wang Nan , Liu Yingshuang , Zhang Yugang , Bai Suhua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Ring rot is a destructive apple disease caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea. The resistance mechanism of apple plants to B. dothidea remains unclear. Here, we show that APPLE VACUOLAR PROCESSING ENZYME 4 (MdVPE4) is involved in resistance to B. dothidea. MdVPE4 silencing reduced fruit disease resistance, whereas its overexpression improved resistance. Gene expression analysis revealed that MdVPE4 influenced the expression of fruit disease resistance-related genes, such as APPLE POLYGALACTURONASE 1 (MdPG1), APPLE POLYGALACTURONASE INHIBITOR PROTEIN 1 (MdPGIP1), APPLE ENDOCHITINASE 1 (MdCHI1), and APPLE THAUMATIN-LIKE PROTEIN 1 (MdTHA1). The expression of the four genes responding to B. dothidea infection decreased in MdVPE4-silenced fruits. Further analysis demonstrated that B. dothidea infection induced MdVPE4 expression and enzyme activation in apple fruits. Moreover, MdVPE4 activity was modulated by apple cysteine proteinase inhibitor 1 (MdCPI1), which also contributed to resistance towards B. dothidea, as revealed by gene overexpression and silencing analysis. MdCPI1 interacted with MdVPE4 and inhibited its activity. However, MdCPI1 expression was decreased by B. dothidea infection. Taken together, our findings indicate that the interaction between MdVPE4 and MdCPI1 plays an important role in modulating fruit disease resistance to B. dothidea.
The formation of discs in the interior of AGB stars from the tidal disruption of planets and brown dwarfs
Authors: Guidarelli G , Nordhaus J , Carroll-Nellenback J , Chamanady L , Frank A , Blackman E G 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTA significant fraction of isolated white dwarfs host magnetic fields in excess of a MegaGauss. Observations suggest that these fields originate in interacting binary systems where the companion is destroyed thus leaving a singular, highly magnetized white dwarf. In post-main-sequence evolution, radial expansion of the parent star may cause orbiting companions to become engulfed. During the common envelope phase, as the orbital separation rapidly decreases, low-mass companions will tidally disrupt as they approach the giant’s core. We hydrodynamically simulate the tidal disruption of planets and brown dwarfs, and the subsequent accretion disc formation, in the interior of an asymptotic giant branch star. Compared to previous steady-state simulations, the resultant discs form with approximately the same mass fraction as estimated but have not yet reached steady state and are morphologically more extended in height and radius. The long-term evolution of the disc and the magnetic fields generated therein require future study.
Detecting gravitational lenses using machine learning: exploring interpretability and sensitivity to rare lensing configurations
Authors: Wilde Joshua , Serjeant Stephen , Bromley Jane M , Dickinson Hugh , Koopmans Léon V E , Metcalf R Benton 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Forthcoming large imaging surveys such as Euclid and the Vera Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time are expected to find more than 105 strong gravitational lens systems, including many rare and exotic populations such as compound lenses, but these 105 systems will be interspersed among much larger catalogues of ∼109 galaxies. This volume of data is too much for visual inspection by volunteers alone to be feasible and gravitational lenses will only appear in a small fraction of these data which could cause a large amount of false positives. Machine learning is the obvious alternative but the algorithms’ internal workings are not obviously interpretable, so their selection functions are opaque and it is not clear whether they would select against important rare populations. We design, build, and train several convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to identify strong gravitational lenses using VIS, Y, J, and H bands of simulated data, with F1 scores between 0.83 and 0.91 on 100 000 test set images. We demonstrate for the first time that such CNNs do not select against compound lenses, obtaining recall scores as high as 76 per cent for compound arcs and 52 per cent for double rings. We verify this performance using Hubble Space Telescope and Hyper Suprime-Cam data of all known compound lens systems. Finally, we explore for the first time the interpretability of these CNNs using Deep Dream, Guided Grad-CAM, and by exploring the kernels of the convolutional layers, to illuminate why CNNs succeed in compound lens selection.
An empirical measurement of the halo mass function from the combination of GAMA DR4, SDSS DR12, and REFLEX II data
Authors: Driver Simon P , Robotham Aaron S G , Obreschkow Danail , Peacock John A , Baldry Ivan K , Bellstedt Sabine , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Brough Sarah , Cluver Michelle , Holwerda Benne W , Hopkins Andrew , Lagos Claudia , Liske Jochen , Loveday Jon , Phillipps Steven , Taylor Edward N 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
We construct the halo mass function (HMF) from the GAMA (Galaxy And Mass Assembly) galaxy group catalogue over the mass range of 1012.7–1015.5 M⊙, and find good agreement with the expectation from Lambda cold dark matter. In comparison to previous studies, this result extends the mass range over which the HMF has now been measured over by an order of magnitude. We combine the GAMA data release (DR) 4 HMF with similar data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR12 and REFLEX II (ROSAT-ESO Flux Limited X-ray Galaxy Cluster Survey) surveys, and fit a four-parameter Murray–Robotham–Power function, valid at $\tilde{z} \approx 0.1$, yielding a density normalization of log10 (ϕ* Mpc$^{3})= -3.96^{+0.55}_{-0.82}$, a high mass turnover of log10 (M* M$_{\odot }^{-1})=14.13^{+0.43}_{-0.40}$, a low-mass power-law slope of $\alpha =-1.68^{+0.21}_{-0.24}$, and a high-mass softening parameter of $\beta =0.63^{+0.25}_{-0.11}$. If we fold in the constraint on ΩM from the Planck 2018 cosmology, we are able to reduce these uncertainties further, but this relies on the assumption that the power-law trend can be extrapolated from 1012.7 M⊙ to zero mass. Throughout, we highlight the effort needed to improve on our HMF measurement: improved halo mass estimates that do not rely on calibration to simulations; reduced halo mass uncertainties needed to mitigate the strong Eddington bias that arises from the steepness of the HMF low-mass slope; and deeper wider area spectroscopic surveys. To our halo mass limit of 1012.7 M⊙, we are directly resolving (‘seeing’) 41 ± 5 per cent of the total mass density, i.e. ΩM,&gt;12.7 = 0.128 ± 0.016, opening the door for the direct construction of three-dimensional dark matter mass maps at Mpc resolution.
Rings and arcs around evolved stars – III. Physical conditions of the ring-like structures in the planetary nebula IC 4406 revealed by MUSE
Authors: Ramos-Larios G , Toalá J A , Rodríguez-González J B , Guerrero M A , Gómez-González V M A 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
We present the analysis of Very Large Telescope Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) observations of the planetary nebula (PN) IC 4406. MUSE images in key emission lines are used to unveil the presence of at least five ring-like structures north and south of the main nebula of IC 4406. MUSE spectra are extracted from the rings to unambiguously assess for the first time in a PN their physical conditions, electron density (ne), and temperature (Te). The rings are found to have similar Te as the rim of the main nebula, but smaller ne. Ratios between different ionic species suggest that the rings of IC 4406 have a lower ionization state than the main cavity, in contrast to what was suggested for the rings in NGC 6543, the Cat’s Eye Nebula.
Magnetorotational core collapse of possible gamma-ray burst progenitors – IV. A wider range of progenitors
Authors: Obergaulinger M , Aloy M Á 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
The final collapse of the cores of massive stars can lead to a wide variety of outcomes in terms of electromagnetic and kinetic energies, nucleosynthesis, and remnants. The association of this wide spectrum of explosion and remnant types with the properties of the progenitors remains an open issue. The rotation and magnetic fields in Wolf–Rayet stars of subsolar metallicity may explain extreme events such as superluminous supernovae and gamma-ray bursts powered by proto-magnetars or collapsars. Continuing with numerical studies of magnetorotational core collapse, including detailed neutrino physics, we focus on progenitors with zero-age main-sequence masses in the range between 5 and 39 ${\rm M}_{\odot }$. The pre-collapse stars are 1D models employing prescriptions for the effects of rotation and magnetic fields. Eight of the 10 stars we consider are the results of chemically homogeneous evolution owing to enhanced rotational mixing . All but one of them produce explosions driven by neutrino heating (more likely for low-mass progenitors up to 8 ${\rm M}_{\odot }$) and non-spherical flows or by magnetorotational stresses (more frequent above 26 ${\rm M}_{\odot }$). In most of them and for the one non-exploding model, ongoing accretion leads to black hole formation. Rapid rotation makes subsequent collapsar activity plausible. Models not forming black holes show proto-magnetar-driven jets. Conditions for the formation of nickel are more favourable in magnetorotationally driven models, although our rough estimates fall short of the requirements for extremely bright events if these are powered by radioactive decay. However, the approximate light curves of our models suggest that a proto-magnetar or black hole spin-down may fuel luminous transients (with peak luminosities $\sim 10^{43-44}\, \textrm {erg}$).