bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigations and optimization of tensile and impact strength of a novel composite reinforced with carbon jute and porcine bone powder
Authors: Dikshit Iti , Bhushan Gian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMechanical properties like tensile strength and impact strength play a significant role in the development of composites and composites with lightweight and improved mechanical properties are desirable. In the current research work, a novel composite consisting of carbon, jute, and porcine bone powder is fabricated using compression molding techniques. The experimentation was carried out as per the central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM). Before experimentation, the jute fibers were treated with sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH) to achieve better adhesion with the polymer matrix. The composite was fabricated at different input parameters viz.: NaOH concentration, PBP size, and PBP wt%, whereas tensile strength and impact strength are considered as performance characteristics. Moreover, a statistical approach (i.e., ANOVA) was applied to determine the significant parameters and their influence on the performance characteristics. All the experiments were conducted as per ASTM standards. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was performed to analyze the effect of NaOH treatment on jute fiber, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were used to perform the fractographic analysis. The study revealed that among the various parameters, NaOH % has the most significant influence on tensile strength (39.7%) and impact strength (37.8%). Further, optimization was performed using genetic programming, and an improvement of tensile strength by 10% and impact strength by 15% was observed.
Georeferencing of photovoltaic modules from aerial infrared videos using structure‐from‐motion
Authors: Bommes Lukas , Buerhop‐Lutz Claudia , Pickel Tobias , Hauch Jens , Brabec Christoph , Marius Peters Ian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo identify abnormal photovoltaic (PV) modules in large‐scale PV plants economically, drone‐mounted infrared (IR) cameras and automated video processing algorithms are frequently used. While most related works focus on the detection of abnormal modules, little has been done to automatically localize those modules within the plant. In this work, we use incremental structure‐from‐motion to automatically obtain geocoordinates of all PV modules in a plant based on visual cues and the measured GPS trajectory of the drone. In addition, we extract multiple IR images of each PV module. Using our method, we successfully map 99.3% of the 35,084 modules in four large‐scale and one rooftop plant and extract over 2.2 million module images. As compared to our previous work, extraction misses 18 times less modules (one in 140 modules as compared to one in eight). Furthermore, two or three plant rows can be processed simultaneously, increasing module throughput and reducing flight duration by a factor of 2.1 and 3.7, respectively. Comparison with an accurate orthophoto of one of the large‐scale plants yields a root mean square error of the estimated module geocoordinates of 5.87 m and a relative error within each plant row of 0.22 m to 0.82 m. Finally, we use the module geocoordinates and extracted IR images to visualize distributions of module temperatures and anomaly predictions of a deep learning classifier on a map. While the temperature distribution helps to identify disconnected strings, we also find that its detection accuracy for module anomalies reaches, or even exceeds, that of a deep learning classifier for seven out of ten common anomaly types. The software is published at https://github.com/LukasBommes/PV-Hawk.
Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of Molecular Perovskite Energetic Material (C6NH14)(NH4)(ClO4)3(DAP‐4)
Authors: Feng Xiao‐Jun , Zhang Kun , Xue Le‐Xing , Pan Wen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe recently developed ammonium perchlorate‐based molecular perovskite has been demonstrated to exhibit excellent comprehensive performance as an energetic material. This ABX3‐type molecular perovskite energetic material consists of a high symmetry ternary structure framework stabilized through ionic bonds. In this work, the thermal decomposition mechanism of (C6NH14)(NH4)(ClO4)3 (DAP‐4) was extrapolated by analyzing its thermal decomposition characteristics, gas products, kinetic parameters, and condensed phase change results along with temperature‐varying, with the help of DSC‐TG‐MS‐FTIR and in‐situ FTIR experiment. The results show that a rapid reaction occurs once the decomposition of DAP‐4 starts at 383.7 °C, with the maximum thermal weight loss rate reaches 97.4 %. By using Kissinger's and Ozawa's method, the calculated activation energy of thermal decomposition of DAP‐4 was estimated to be 124.3 kJ/mol and 128.6 kJ/mol, respectively, demonstrating good reliability of our results. The gas products during the thermal decomposition were found mainly include NH3, H2O, HNCO, HCN, CO, HCl, and CO2. The decomposition process of DAP‐4 contains three stages. The first stage involves crystal form changes and H+ transfer of DPA‐4, followed by the collapse of the cage skeleton in the second stage. The third stage mainly involves a rapid redox reaction at high temperatures to generate great heat.
Silencing β‐1,3‐glucan binding protein enhances the susceptibility of Plutella xylostella to entomopathogenic fungus Isaria cicadae
Authors: Li Shuangshuang , Hao Zhongping , Xu Huihui , Gao Yan , Zhang Mingyu , Liang Jian , Dang Xiangli 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella is a notorious pest of brassicaceae crops globally and has developed serious resistance to insecticide. Insects primarily rely on their innate immunity to defense against various pathogens. In this study, we investigated the immunological functions of a β‐1,3‐glucan binding protein from P. xylostella (PxβGBP) and evaluated its potential for biocontrolling P. xylostella.RESULTSThe open reading frame of PxβGBP is 1422 bp encoding 473 amino acids residues. PxβGBP contained a CBM39 domain, a PAC domain and a GH16 domain and shared evolutionary conservation with other lepidoptera βGRPs. PxβGBP was strongly expressed in the third instar larvae and fat body. PxβGBP transcript levels increased significantly after the challenge with microbes, including Isaria cicadae, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. PxβGBP was identified in P. xylostella larvae challenged by I cicadae, but not in the naïve insects. Recombinant PxβGBP can directly bind fungal and bacterial cells, and also agglutinate the cells of I cicadae, S. aureus and E coli in a zinc‐dependent manner. Knockdown of PxβGBP via RNA interference significantly down‐regulated the expression of antimicrobial peptide gene gloverin, and enhanced the susceptibility of P. xylostella to I. cicadae infection, leading to high mortality.CONCLUSIONThese results indicated that PxβGBP plays an important role in the immune response of P. xylostella against I. cicadae infection, and could serve as a potential novel target for pest control. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Resina Draconis extract exerts anti‐HCC effects through METTL3‐m6A‐Survivin axis
Authors: Zhang Linlin , Ke Weiwei , Zhao Xiangxuan , Lu Zaiming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Herbal medicines have become an important treasure reservoir for anti‐HCC drugs because of their high efficiency and low toxicity. Herein, we investigated whether a 75% ethanol extract from Resina Draconis (ERD) exhibited comprehensive anti‐HCC effects both in vivo and in vitro. We revealed that ERD effectively inhibited proliferation and triggered apoptosis of HCC cells in a dose‐ and time‐dependent maner, posing no apparent apoptotic toxicity to normal liver cells. Moreover, ERD significantly inhibited the migration, invasion and metastasis of HCC cells. Importantly, ERD treatment effectively inhibited the growth of xenograft HCC in nude mice with low toxicity and low side effects. Molecular mechanism analysis showed that ERD strongly reduced the expression of anti‐apoptotic protein Survivin, ultimately leading to the cleavage activation of apoptosis executive proteins such as Caspase 3 and Poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP). Survivin gene silencing apparently sensitized the apoptotic effect induced by ERD. Further experiments revealed that ERD inhibited N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification in Survivin mRNA by downregulating Methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3) expression and reducing the binding rate of METTL3 and Survivin mRNA. Together, our findings suggest that ERD can be severed as a novel anti‐HCC natural product by targeting METTL3‐m6A‐Survivin axis.
An Efficient and Green Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzo[b]Pyran Derivatives Using [(EMIM)Ac] at Room Temperature
Authors: Katariya Ashishkumar P. , Yadav Ashok R. , Pawar Omprakash B. , Pisal Parshuram M. , Sangshetti Jaiprakash N. , Katariya Maya V. , Deshmukh Satish U. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn efficient, expedient, clean and environmental being synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran's twenty derivatives (4 a–t) has been reported via one‐pot three component condensation reaction of various benzaldehydes, dimedone and malononitrile in presence of ionic liquid [(EMIM)Ac] as a catalyst at ambient temperature in ethanol. Advantages of these reaction follow the principle of green chemistry, which are operational simplicity, shorter reaction time, and mild reaction conditions with high yield (78–98 %) products.
Imidazopyrazines as New Anti‐inflammatory Agents: Discovery and Biological Activity Research in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Lai Qingfu , Li Tong , Zhang Fuli , Li Ming , Mei Qinghua , Ye Lianbao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA series of imidazopyrazine derivatives were synthesized, and evaluated for their anti‐inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo using RAW264.7 cells model and Zebrafish Traumatic Infection Inflammation model. The results in vitro showed that the compounds had significant inhibitory effect on inflammatory factor interleukin 6 (IL6), and N‐ (3 ‐( 4‐ ((1,1‐dioxidothiomorpholino) methyl)phenyl) imidazo [1,5‐a] pyrazin‐6‐yl) cyclopropanecarboxamide A1 the best activity, which was significantly different from that of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) control group (P<0.03). The experiment of anti‐inflammatory activity in vivo indicated that compound A1 showed obvious aggregation inhibitory activity on inflammatory effector cells which was significantly different from that in the tail‐cutting control group (P<0.03). When the concentration of the compound was 160 μg/mL, the inhibitory activity of compound A1 was better than that of dexamethasone positive control group (P<0.05). This study could supply some anti‐inflammatory leading structure and possible mechanism for studying and developing new anti‐inflammatory agents.
Synthesis, Neutron Diffraction, and DFT Studies of NaLa(WO4)2: Yb3+/Er3+; NIR Induced Green Fluorescent Bifunctional Probes for In Vitro Cell Imaging and Solid State Lighting
Authors: Munirathnappa Archana K , Aranthady Chethana , Kulal Ananda , Kumar Maurya Sachin , Kumar Kaushal , Nayak Sanjay , Cheol Lee Seung , Sundaram Nalini G 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe report the synthesis, systematic crystal structure, and upconversion (UC) emission in bulk and nanomaterials of NaLa(WO4)2: Yb3+/Er3+. The disordered NaLa(WO4)2 matrix has been considered as the UC host and host lattice dynamics were investigated using DFT, and neutron diffraction studies. The presence of phonons at the cut‐off frequency of ∼912 cm−1 is revealed by DFT analysis which is further confirmed by room temperature Raman studies. The optimized concentration of NaLa0.865Er0.035Yb0.1(WO4)2 is referred to as UCB and UCN with respect to particle size derived from a facile solvothermal method. Interestingly, high‐resolution microscopy studies uncovered the existence of high‐density edge dislocations in UCN nanomaterials leading to enhanced phonon scattering. Both UCB and UCN materials have shown pump power‐dependent intense UC green emission upon 980 nm laser irradiation. In addition, we have also demonstrated an excellent non‐toxicity of UCB and UCN towards Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and mammalian HeLa cell lines followed by the potential use of nanomaterials for in vitro cell imaging. Thus, the combined neutron diffraction, DFT, microscopy, and spectroscopic analysis collectively resulted in the right structure‐property relationship in these biocompatible UC green fluorescent bifunctional NaLa(WO4)2 materials.
Emerging Trends in N‐Tosylhydrazone Mediated Transition‐Metal‐Free Reactions
Authors: Singhal Rakshanda , Choudhary Satya Prakash , Malik Babita , Pilania Meenakshi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis review is based on the recent synthetic advancements of N‐tosylhydrazone under metal‐free conditions for the construction of nitrogen‐containing heterocycles. N‐Tosylhydrazones, an emerging building block in current organic chemistry offer moderate and flexible procedures through the carbene intermediates for the formation of C−C and carbon‐heteroatom bonds. N‐Tosylhydrazones are the derivatives of the aldehyde/keto group which act as carbene source, diazo precursors, and alternative of the respective carbonyl group. The key features of the N‐tosylhydrazone chemistry involve selective, controllable, one‐pot synthesis, good functional group tolerance, and metal‐free reactions with a wide scope of substrates. The current study includes mechanistic features, synthetic applications, substrate scope, limitation, and some additional reactions like electrosynthesis, regioselective, chemoselective, annulation, 1,3‐dipolar, and intermolecular cycloaddition.
Spontaneous Biphasic System with Lithium Chloride Hydrate for Efficient Esterification of Levulinic Acid
Authors: Wang Jinghua , Wang Jiangang , Cui Hongyou , Li Zhihe , Wang Ming , Yi Weiming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn efficient approach for synthesis of levulinate from biomass‐derived levulinic acid (LA) and n‐butyl alcohol (BuOH) in molten salt hydrates (MSH) with microwave irridiation was reported. A series of molten salt hydrates were evaluated in terms of their catalytic activity and pH value without any additional catalyst. Introduction of AlCl3 greatly increased the yield of butyl levulinate(BL). As high as 95.5 % BL yield was obtained in LiCl ⋅ 3H2O+AlCl3 system. Reaction mechanism study shows that LiCl ⋅ 3H2O can promote the esterification of LA with BuOH by enhancing the protonation of LA. LiCl is able to expel the formed BL into organic‐phase, and then boost up esterification efficiency. Both separation of BL and strong hygroscopicity of LiCl ⋅ 3H2O promoted the esterification reaction equilibrium. High‐efficient esterification of LA with BuOH realized separation of LA from MSH. Activation energies of BL formation are 70.9 kJ/mol in LiCl ⋅ 3H2O and 31.8 kJ/mol in AlCl3+LiCl ⋅ 3H2O.
A Turn‐On Sensor for Highly Sensitive and Selective Detect Heparin in Human Serum Albumin
Authors: Huang Cuiping , Cao Jian , Liu Mingming , Tu Yajing , Zhang Meijuan , Zheng Junying 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA novel positively charged sensor, NAP‐MBT+, was designed and constructed by introducing a 2‐methylbenzothiazole cation (MBT+) into naphthalimide derivative (NAP‐phCHO) via a double carbon bond. NAP‐MBT+ can realize the detection sensitively and selectively for heparin (Hep) by “turn‐on” fluorescence emission in several seconds. NAP‐MBT+ displayed the very significant fluorescence emission enhancement only to Hep among various interference from counter ions and biomolecules. The fluorescence emission of NAP‐MBT+ to Hep depended on the electrostatic attraction between the positive and negative charges. NAP‐MBT+‐Hep assembly can be dissociated by protamine (PRTM) appearing an “off‐on‐off” signal because of the stronger affinity of Hep to PRTM. NAP‐MBT+ was successfully applied to detect Hep in 0.2 % human serum.
A Thiophene Derivative, 2‐Bromo‐5‐(2‐(methylthio)phenyl)thiophene, Has Effective Anticancer Potential with Other Biological Properties
Authors: Yılmaz Can , Othman Pirdawid Ahmed , Fidan Babat Ceylan , Konuş Metin , Çetin Doğan , Kıvrak Arif , Algso Muheb A. S. , Arslan Şevki , Mutlu Doğukan , Otur Çiğdem , Kurt Kızıldoğan Aslıhan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThiophene derivatives are studied intensively due to their anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant and some other clinically important properties. In this study, the biological properties of a new thiophene derivative, so called BMPT, with a moderate drug score of 0.29 were tested. BMPT showed selective cytotoxicity for LnCap, HepG2 and Caco‐2 cancer cell lines with EC50 values of 138.573 μM, 185.931 μM, and 108.657 μM, respectively, but not on the control cell line HEK293. The increased expressions were detected for caspase3, caspase8, caspase9 and Bax; but Bcl‐2 expressions were decreased at cancer cell lines. BMPT decreased the total thiol content and total GST activities at HepG2 47 % and 40 %, respectively, and, molecular docking supported inhibitory models for GSTP1‐1, GSTA1‐1 and GSTM2‐2 were mixed, uncompetitive and uncompetitive, respectively. BMPT also showed potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Related with its selective inhibition on GST activities, BMPT is proposed to have significant apoptotic effect leaded by changes, especially, in caspase 3, Bcl‐2 and Bax expressions.
CRABP2 accelerates epithelial mesenchymal transition in serous ovarian cancer cells by promoting TRIM16 methylation via upregulating EZH2 expression
Authors: Xie Tingting , Tan Minghua , Gao Yang , Yang Hong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRecently, it was covered that cellular retinoic acid‐binding protein 2 (CRABP2) is upregulated in ovarian cancer and participates in tumor progression, however, the specific mechanism remains to be explored. The pcDNA‐CRABP2 or si‐CRABP2 was transfected into SKOV3 and OVCAR3 ovarian cancer cells, respectively, and we observed that overexpression of CRABP2 inhibited cell apoptosis, promoted cell invasion and expression of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker proteins, and transfection of si‐CRABP2 had the opposite effect. Furthermore, we predicted that EZH2 interacted with CRABP2, and overexpression of CRABP2 promoted EZH2 expression, knockdown of CRABP2 inhibited EZH2 expression, and co‐immunoprecipitation assay confirmed their binding relationship. The SKOV3 and OVCAR3 cells were then incubated with pcDNA‐CRABP2 alone together with si‐EZH2, and we found that si‐EZH2 reversed the effect of pcDNA‐CRABP2 on promotion of EZH2 expression, cell invasion and EMT maker protein levels. Next, we found that EZH2 could bind to DNMT1, and overexpression of EZH2 inhibited TRIM16 expression and knockdown of EZH2 promoted TRIM16 expression. Moreover, the promoter of TRIM16 contains the CpG island, and ChIP assay observed enriched DNMT1 on the promoter of TRIM16, and overexpression of EZH2 increased the promoter methylation level of TRIM16 and knockdown of EZH2 suppressed the methylation. The SKOV3 cells were incubated with si‐EZH2 alone or combined with si‐TRIM16, and we found that si‐TRIM16 reversed the effect of si‐EZH2. In vivo studies showed that knockdown of CRABP2 inhibited tumor volume and weight, suppressed the expression of EZH2 and EMT related proteins vimentin and snail, and increased the expression of TRIM16 and E‐cadherin.
Estimation of the proteome affecting changes in tenderness of yak meat during storage by label‐free mass spectrometry
Authors: Li Shengsheng , Liu Shujie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundTenderness is the main quality of meat products. However, the meat tenderness formation is a complex biological process, and pathways and proteins that affect the tenderness of yak meat are unknown.MethodsLabel‐free proteomics method was used to explore the effects of differentially expressed proteins on the tenderness of yak skeletal muscle (tenderloin) during post‐mortem storage (0, 3, and 7 days) at 3 ± 1°C.ResultsThe tenderness of yak skeletal muscle improved significantly during storage. A total of 91 differentially expressed proteins of yak skeletal muscle during post‐mortem storage were identified by the following comparisons: day 3 versus 0, day 7 versus 0, and day 7 versus 3. NDUFS6, CYCS, COX6A2, LDB3, HSPB7, TPM4, TAGLN, COL1A1, LUM, MYH11, ACTC1, and MYOZ1 proteins showed a significant difference during yak skeletal muscle post‐mortem storage. Furthermore, bioinformatics analyses revealed that the identified proteins were related to carbon metabolism, citrate cycle, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and RNA degradation.ConclusionThe results of the present study could provide proteomic insights into changes in yak skeletal muscle tenderness during storage and may be a valuable resource for future investigations.
Cardiovascular diseases preventive policy‐making process in Iran: A framework‐based policy analysis
Authors: Khodayari‐Zarnaq Rahim , Alizadeh Gisoo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractStrengthening countries' policies to prevent cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) relies on their policymaking processes. This study aimed to create a deep understanding of these processes through evaluating preventive and control policies of CVD in Iran, using Walt and Gilson's policy analysis triangle framework to analyze the policymaking process qualitatively. Data were collected using various methods such as reviewing international and national documents and interviewing experts; the framework analysis method was used to analyze the data. Findings were reported in four dimensions of the policy analysis triangle, including content, context, process, and actors. Various social, economic, environmental, and political factors affect the policy's development. Prevention plans emphasize inter‐ and intrasectorial collaborations and require community‐based interventions. Achieving universal health coverage and global attention to the prevention of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) has put CVD prevention on the agenda in Iran. In addition, the National Action Plan for Prevention and Control of NCDs has been compiled with the participation of all ministries. An Iranian Non‐Communicable Diseases Committee has also been established, reflecting the national effort to control CVD. Although Iran has taken important steps to control and prevent CVD, the incidence of CVD is still increasing. Comprehensive action plans should be implemented with extensive intrasectorial cooperation and a clear framework to achieve the desired goals.
Bounding 3d CFT correlators
Authors: Paulos Miguel F. , Zheng Zechuan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We consider the problem of bounding CFT correlators on the Euclidean section. By reformulating the question as an optimization problem, we construct functionals numerically which determine upper and lower bounds on correlators under several circumstances. A useful outcome of our analysis is that the gap maximization bootstrap problem can be reproduced by a numerically easier optimization problem. We find that the 3d Ising spin correlator takes the minimal possible allowed values on the Euclidean section. Turning to the maximization problem we find that for d > 2 there are gap-independent maximal bounds on CFT correlators. Under certain conditions we show that the maximizing correlator is given by the generalized free boson for general Euclidean kinematics. In our explorations we also uncover an intriguing 3d CFT which saturates gap, OPE maximization and correlator value bounds. Finally we comment on the relation between our functionals and the Polyakov bootstrap.