bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poröse Feststoffe
Authors: Schubert Ulrich 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungPorosität hat großen Einfluss auf die physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften von Feststoffen. Poröse Stoffe haben vielfältige Anwendungsmöglichkeiten in sehr unterschiedlichen Bereichen. Größe, Form, Anordnung und Zugänglichkeit der Poren sind wichtige Charakteristika, ebenso Größe und Beschaffenheit der inneren Oberfläche. An ausgewählten typischen Beispielen – festen Schäumen, porösem Aluminiumoxid, SiO2 mit geordneter Mesoporosität, Vycor®‐Glas und Aerogelen – werden Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Porenstrukturen vorgestellt und Herstellungsstrategien diskutiert.
Early identification and treatment of women's cardiovascular risk factors prevents cardiovascular disease, saves lives, and protects future generations: Policy recommendations and take action plan utilizing policy levers
Authors: Ivey Susan L. , Hanley Hattie Rees , Taylor Catrina , Stock Eveline , Vora Nirali , Woo Jenny , Johnson Sara , Bairey Merz C. Noel ,   Right Care Women's Cardiovascular Writing Group
Published: September 2022

AbstractCardiovascular diseases (CVD) including heart attacks, strokes, heart failure, and uncontrolled hypertension are leading causes of death among women of all ages. Despite efforts to increase awareness about CVD among women, over the past decade there has been stagnation in the reduction of CVD in women, and CVD among younger women and women of color has in fact increased. We recommend taking action using policy levers to address CVD in women including: (1) Promoting periodic screening for risk factors including blood pressure, lipids/cholesterol, diabetes for all women starting at 18–21 years, with calculated atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) risk score use among women 40 years or older. (2) Considering coronary artery calcium (CAC) screening for those with intermediate risk per current guidelines. (3) Enhancing Obstetrics and Gynecology and primary care physician education on reproductive age CVD risk markers, and that follow‐up is needed, including extended postpartum follow‐up. (4) Offering Health Coaching/motivational Interviewing to support behavior change. (5) Funding demonstration projects using different care models. (6) Creating a Stop High Blood Pressure consult line (for providers and patients) and providing other support resources with actions consumers can take, modeled after the California tobacco quit line. And (7) Requiring inclusion of adverse pregnancy outcomes in all Electronic Health Records, with reminder systems to follow‐up on hypertension post‐partum.
Total Synthesis and Antibacterial Investigations of 1‐Hydroxyboivinianin A
Authors: Wilt Ingrid K. , Demeritte Adrian R. , Wang Weiwei , Wuest William M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSynthetic investigations of natural products has been instrumental in the development of novel antibacterial small molecules. 1‐hydroxyboivinianin A, a lactone containing phenolic bisabolane isolated from marine sediment, has reported antibacterial activity against the aquatic pathogen Vibrio harveyi. The total synthesis of 1‐hydroxyboivinianin A and its enantiomer was completed in a six‐step sequence in 42 % overall yield. The synthesis leveraged a key diastereoselective nucleophilic addition with chiral imidazolidinone to establish the benzylic tertiary alcohol and intramolecular Horner‐Wadsworth Emmons to furnish the lactone. Both enantiomers were found to have negligible antibacterial activity against a panel of gram‐positive and negative bacteria and minimal antifungal activity against phytopathogens. Investigations of a possible in vitro lactone hydrolysis to produce an inactive linear acid led to the discovery of a spontaneous cyclization, suggesting the lactone is resistant to hydrolysis and the lactone is not degrading to produce an inactive species.
A Tug of War between the Self‐ and Cross‐associating Hydrogen Bonds in Neutral Ammonia‐Water Clusters: Energetic Insights by Molecular Tailoring Approach
Authors: Patkar Deepak , Bharati Ahirwar Mini , Deshmukh Milind M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the present work, the energies of various types of individual HBs observed in neutral (NH3)m(H2O)n, (m+n=2 to 7) clusters were estimated using the molecular tailoring approach (MTA)‐based method. The calculated individual HB energies suggest that the O−H…N HBs are the strongest (1.21 to 12.49 kcal mol−1). The next ones are the O−H…O (3.97 to 9.30 kcal mol−1) HBs. The strengths of N−H…N (1.09 to 5.29 kcal mol−1) and N−H…O (2.85 to 5.56 kcal mol−1) HBs are the weakest. The HB energies in dimers also follow this rank ordering. However, the HB energies in dimers are much smaller than those obtained by the MTA‐based method due to the loss in cooperativity contribution in the dimers. Thus, the calculated cooperativity contributions, for different types of HBs, fall in the range 0.64 to 5.73 kcal mol−1. We wish to emphasize based on the energetic rank ordering obtained by the MTA‐based method that the O−H of water is a better HB donor than the N−H of ammonia. The reasons for the observed energetic rank ordering are two folds: (i) intrinsically stronger O−H…N HBs than the O−H…O ones as revealed by dimer energies and (ii) the higher cooperativity contribution in the former than the later ones. Indeed, the MTA‐based method is useful in providing the missing energetic rank ordering of various type of HBs in neutral (NH3)m(H2O)n clusters, in the literature.
On the realization of VANET using named data networking: On improvement of VANET using NDN‐based routing, caching, and security
Authors: da Silva Elídio Tomás , Costa António Luís Duarte , de Macedo Joaquim Melo Henriques 
Published: September 2022

SummaryNamed data networking (NDN) presents a huge opportunity to tackle some of the unsolved issues of IP‐based vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET). The core characteristics of NDN such as the name‐based routing, in‐network caching, and built‐in data security provide better management of VANET proprieties (e.g., the high mobility, link intermittency, and dynamic topology). This study aims at providing a clear view of the state‐of‐the‐art on the developments in place, in order to leverage the characteristics of NDN in VANET. We resort to a systematic literature review (SLR) to perform a reproducible study, gathering the proposed solutions and summarizing the main open challenges on implementing NDN‐based VANET. There exist several related studies, but they are more focused on other topics such as forwarding. This work specifically restricts the focus on VANET improvements by NDN‐based routing (not forwarding), caching, and security. The surveyed solution herein presented is performed between 2010 and 2021. The results show that proposals on the selected topics for NDN‐based VANET are recent (mainly from 2016 to 2021). Among them, caching is the most investigated topic. Finally, the main findings and the possible roadmaps for further development are highlighted.
No seasonal curtailment of the Eurasian Skylark's (Alauda arvensis) breeding season in German heterogeneous farmland
Authors: Püttmanns Manuel , Lehmann Franziska , Willert Fabian , Heinz Jasmin , Kieburg Antje , Filla Tim , Balkenhol Niko , Waltert Matthias , Gottschalk Eckhard 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe lack of suitable nesting sites is one key driver behind the farmland bird crisis in Europe. Winter cereals become impenetrable for ground‐breeding birds like the Eurasian Skylark (Alauda arvensis), curtailing breeding time. Stable Skylark populations depend on multiple breeding attempts per year; thus, the widespread cultivation of winter cereals has strongly contributed to their tremendous decline. Crop diversification is thought to be a potential measure to counteract this development. Therefore, we explored how individual Skylarks respond to the decreasing suitability of winter cereals as nesting habitats in heterogeneous but otherwise conventionally managed farmland. Our study focused on: (i) the degree to which Skylarks prematurely cease nesting activity, switch nesting habitats, or breed on linear structures like tramlines. Additionally, we analyzed: (ii) if nest success decreases throughout the breeding season and (iii) how often Skylarks make a successful breeding attempt per year. We radio‐tagged 28 adults in a German population during April 2018 and 2019, tracked half of them for more than 3 months, and measured their breeding success. Additionally, we monitored nests of untagged pairs, resulting in 96 nests found. None, except one tagged individual, stopped breeding activity before July 1st. Home ranges were mainly stable, but Skylarks switched nesting habitats away from winter cereals to crops like sugar beet or set‐aside. High‐risk nesting sites like corn and linear structures played a minor role in breeding. Overall, Mayfield logistic regressions revealed no seasonal decrease in nest success, and tagged Skylarks had sufficient time to make 1.5–1.8 breeding attempts, of which 0.8 were successful. We suggest that heterogeneous farmland in our study area, which enabled diversely composed home ranges, prevented a curtailment of the breeding season. Thus, our study reinforces the need for crop diversification which gives Skylarks a chance to survive in modern farmland.
Contemporary outcome of subsequent pregnancies in patients with previous peripartum cardiomyopathy
Authors: Goland Sorel , George Jacob , Elkayam Uri , Shimoni Sara , Fugenfirov Irena , Vaisbuch Edi , Arad Michael , Freimark Dov , Simchen Michal , Kuperstein Rafael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsTo describe the effect of subsequent pregnancies (SSP) on left ventricular (LV) function and outcomes in patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM).MethodsAmong146 women with PPCM who were prospectively followed at two medical centres in Israel (2007–2019), 75 SSPs (in 50 women) were identified: 8 miscarriages, 8 terminations, and 59 life birth.ResultsForty‐five patients with 59 full‐term SSPs [mean age was 32.9 ± 4.1 years, LV ejection fraction (LVEF) 57.7 ± 5.1%] were analysed.Data on LVEF at 1‐month post‐delivery were available in 46 and at 6 months in 36 SSPs. There was a small decrease in the mean LVEF, mostly at third trimester (57.2 ± 5.6 vs. 54.4. ± 7.3, P < 0.001); and at 1‐mont (57.9 ± 5.7% vs. 55.4 ± 6.1%, P = 0.001) and at 6‐month post‐delivery (57.4 ± 6.1 vs. 55.3 ± 7.9%, P = 0.03).In patients with pre‐SSP LV LVEF ≥55%, a mild reduction in the mean group LVEF was seen at 1‐month post‐delivery (P = 0.009). One patient with pre‐SSP LVEF ≥55% developed severe relapse. In patients with pre‐SSP LVEF <55%, a mild reduction in LVEF was obtained mostly at third trimester (51.1 ± 5.6 vs 47.0 ± 7.4%, P < 0.001), which persisted at 6 months (P = 0.03). A relapse was observed in three (25%) women with LVEF <55%. There was no maternal mortality, 32 patients delivered by caesarean section, and there were no foetal complications.ConclusionsOur study indicates a favourable outcome and low likelihood of maternal mortality associated with SSP in women with a history of PPCM and recovered LV systolic function. SSP was associated with a slight reduction in LVEF mostly during the third trimester, which persisted up to 6 months after delivery.
An echo score raises the suspicion of cardiac amyloidosis in Chinese with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Yang Hong , Li Rui , Ma Fei , Wei Ye , Liu Yujian , Sun Yang , He Xingwei , Zeng Hesong , Yan Jiangtao , Wang Dao Wen , Wang Hong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsTransthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR‐CA) has been realized as an important cause of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). We aim to provide insights into its prevalence in Chinese HFpEF patients, which is not known to date, using increased wall thickness (IWT) score by echocardiography.MethodsConsecutive patients with HFpEF (EF ≥ 40%) and IWT (≥12 mm) were prospectively screened. Echocardiography was performed, and the IWT score incorporated relative wall thickness, E/e′ ratio, longitudinal strains, and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, and septal apical‐to‐base ratio was calculated. ATTR‐CA was defined as score ≥8 in the absence of serum and urine free light chain.ResultsSix hundred twenty‐four HFpEF patients from January 2019 to December 2021 were enrolled, of which 65.2% were males and the median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 66 (IQR 57, 73) years. Thirty‐three patients (5.3%, 95% CI 3.5–7.0%) were with score ≥8, and 33.3% were females. They were younger (58 vs. 69 years, P < 0.001), had higher NT‐proBNP (6525.0 vs. 1741.5 pg/mL, P < 0.001) and troponin I (105.2 vs. 27.7 pg/mL, P = 0.001) level, and lower LVEF (47% vs. 57%, P < 0.001) compared with the patients with score <5. In the internal cohort (82 patients) who had undergone scintigraphy, the IWT score ≥8 was shown to have a sensitivity of 85.7% (95% CI 56.2–97.5%) and a specificity of 92.6% (95% CI 83.0–97.3%) for diagnosing CA, and the IWT score <5 had great accuracy in excluding CA with the negative predictive value of 100%, supporting the clinical usefulness of the IWT score to guide further dedicated testing for ATTR‐CA.ConclusionsThe IWT score by echocardiography was an excellent tool for screening ATTR‐CA in HFpEF. In Chinese HFpEF patients associated with a hypertrophic phenotype, the proportion of highly suspected ATTR‐CA as detected by IWT score ≥8 was 5.3%, lower than the reported prevalence of ATTR‐CA in non‐Asian patients with the disease.
Preparation and characterization of an intelligent film based on fish gelatin and Coleus scutellarioides anthocyanin to monitor the freshness of rainbow trout fish fillet
Authors: Hematian Fahimeh , Baghaei Homa , Mohammadi Nafchi Abdorreza , Bolandi Marzieh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, a pH‐sensitive indicator based on fish gelatin and Coleus scutellarioides anthocyanin extract (CSAE) was prepared and characterized. Films were prepared using the solvent casting method and different levels of CSAE, including 10 ml (CSG1), 20 ml (CSG2), and 30 ml (CSG3), and 0 ml (CSG0) as a control sample. The mechanical, optical, and pH sensing of active films and the release of anthocyanins from the films were investigated. The relationship between the total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N) of fish fillets and a* color index of films was studied. By incorporation of CSAE, the flexibility of films increased, while the tensile strength and UV–Vis light transmittance through the films decreased (p < .05). The films containing the CSAE had a darker, yellowish, and reddish color than the control film. There was a significant relationship between the pH variation and the film color. The films had a purple color at acidic pH, and their color changed to green at an alkaline pH, indicating the sensitivity of the produced films to pH changes. There was a significant relationship between the TVB‐N value of fish fillets and the a* index of the film during the 16 h storage time. The results showed that by increasing TVB‐N values of the fillets, the a* color index decreased, and the films' color changed from purple to colorless. In summary, the active films prepared with fish gelatin and CSAE could be used as pH‐sensitive intelligent packaging to display the freshness of fishery products.
Pten associates with important gene regulatory network to fine‐tune Müller glia‐mediated zebrafish retina regeneration
Authors: Gupta Shivangi , Sharma Poonam , Chaudhary Mansi , Premraj Sharanya , Kaur Simran , Vijayan Vijithkumar , Arun Manas Geeta , Prasad Nagaraj Guru , Ramachandran Rajesh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnlike mammals, zebrafish possess a remarkable ability to regenerate damaged retina after an acute injury. Retina regeneration in zebrafish involves the induction of Müller glia‐derived progenitor cells (MGPCs) exhibiting stem cell‐like characteristics, which are capable of restoring all retinal cell‐types. The induction of MGPC through Müller glia‐reprograming involves several cellular, genetic and biochemical events soon after a retinal injury. Despite the knowledge on the importance of Phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten), which is a dual‐specificity phosphatase and tumor suppressor in the maintaining of cellular homeostasis, its importance during retina regeneration remains unknown. Here, we explored the importance of Pten during zebrafish retina regeneration. The Pten gets downregulated upon retinal injury and is absent from the MGPCs, which is essential to trigger Akt‐mediated cellular proliferation essential for retina regeneration. We found that the downregulation of Pten in the post‐injury retina accelerates MGPCs formation, while its overexpression restricts the regenerative response. We observed that Pten regulates the proliferation of MGPCs not only through Akt pathway but also by Mmp9/Notch signaling. Mmp9‐activity is essential to induce the proliferation of MGPCs in the absence of Pten. Lastly, we show that expression of Pten is fine‐tuned through Mycb/histone deacetylase1 and Tgf‐β signaling. The present study emphasizes on the stringent regulation of Pten and its crucial involvement during the zebrafish retina regeneration.
Effect of old age on the subpopulations of enteric glial cells in human descending colon
Authors: Baidoo Nicholas , Sanger Gareth J. , Belai Abi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOld age is associated with a higher incidence of lower bowel conditions such as constipation. Recent evidence suggest that colonic motility may be influenced by enteric glial cells (EGCs). Little is known about the effect of aging on the subpopulation of EGCs in the human colon. We assessed and compared the pattern of distribution of EGCs in adult and elderly human colon. Human descending colon were obtained from 23 cancer patients comprising of adults (23–63 years; 6 male, 7 female) and elderly (66–81 year; 6 male, 4 female). Specimens were serially‐sectioned and immunolabeled with anti‐Sox‐10, anti‐S100 and anti‐GFAP for morphometric analysis. Standardized procedures were utilized to ensure unbiased counting and densitometric evaluation of EGCs. The number of Sox‐10 immunoreactive (IR) EGCs were unaltered with age in both the myenteric plexus (MP) (respectively, in adult and elderly patients, 1939 ± 82 and 1760 ± 44/mm length; p > .05) and submucosal plexus; there were no apparent differences between adult males and females. The density of S100‐IR EGCs declined among the elderly in the circular muscle and within the MP per ganglionic area. In the adult colon, there were more S100‐IR EGCs distributed in the circular muscle per unit area than the Taenia coli. There was little or no GFAP‐IR EGCs in both adult and elderly colon. We concluded that aging of the human descending colon does not result in a loss of Sox‐10‐IR EGCs in the MP and SMP but reduces S100‐IR EGCs density within the musculature. This alteration in myenteric EGCs density with age may contribute to colonic dysfunction.
Spreading the disease: Protest in times of pandemics
Authors: Lange Martin , Monscheuer Ole 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study analyzes the impact of large anti‐lockdown protests on the spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 in Germany. Since protesters at such large gatherings are very mobile and largely neglect SARS‐CoV‐2 containment strategies, they may contribute to the regional transmission of the coronavirus. Employing novel data on bus connections of travel companies specialized in driving protesters to these gatherings, and exploiting the timing of two large‐scale demonstrations in November 2020, we estimate the causal impact of these protests on the spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 using an event study framework. Our findings imply sizable increases in infection rates in protesters' origin regions after these demonstrations. A month after the protests, treated areas face a relative increase in infection rates up to 35% compared to non‐treated areas. Our results shed light on public health consequences of behavior that ignores potential externalities for the society during a pandemic.
Occult metastasis to the superficial level VI lymph nodes in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Lee Ha Na , Song Chang Myeon , Ji Yong Bae , Myung Jae Kyung , Lee Young‐Jun , Tae Kyung 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of occult metastasis to superficial level VI, defined as the space anterior to the strap muscles, including the lymph nodes between the sternocleidomastoid and sternohyoid muscles and suprasternal space lymph nodes.MethodsWe studied 129 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma who underwent thyroidectomy and neck dissection, including superficial level VI dissection.ResultsOf the 129 patients, 62 (48%) had lymph nodes in the harvested specimens of superficial level VI, and the mean number of lymph nodes retrieved was 1.9 ± 1.2. Occult metastasis to superficial level VI occurred in four patients (3.1%). No significant risk factors of superficial level VI occult metastasis were noted in multivariate analysis.ConclusionsOccult metastasis to superficial level VI was rare in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Therefore, prophylactic dissection of superficial level VI may not be necessary for primary papillary thyroid carcinoma.
An exploratory investigation of the reliability and validity of the Independent‐Interdependent Problem‐Solving Style Scale
Authors: Sanatkar Samineh , Rubin Mark 
Published: September 2022

The Independent‐Interdependent Problem‐Solving Scale is based on Cross et al.'s conceptualisation of relational‐interdependent self‐construal. The IIPSS provides a relatively context‐free measure of people's tendencies to solve problems independently or with the help of others. Because previous investigations have not provided extensive evidence for the reliability and validity of the IIPSS, the current research aimed to test the psychometric properties of this novel measure. Investigations of four student samples (combined N = 1157) and one sample comprised of academic researchers (N = 198) generally supported the reliability and validity of the IIPSS. Exploratory factor analysis of IIPSS items yielded a single factor structure. However, confirmatory factor analyses did not demonstrate good model fit for the one factor solution and instead yielded good model fit for two underlying factors. The IIPSS showed adequate test–retest reliability and predicted positive associations with social personality traits. It also showed no significant associations with measures of demand characteristics and social desirability. Future research needs to be undertaken to further assess the factor structure and address shortcomings of the present research such as utilising objective data in addition to self‐reports to assess the scale's validity.