bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factor analysis and nomogram development for steatorrhea in idiopathic chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Liu Yu , Yin Xiao Yi , Wang Dan , Dong Zhi Qi , Hao Lu , Chen Cui , Wang Teng , Zhang Di , Ma Jia Yi , Yang Huai Yu , Li Juan , Zhang Ling Ling , Bi Ya Wei , Zhang Yuan , Xin Lei , Chen Hui , Zhang Qi Sheng , Xie Ting , Lu Guo Tao , Li Zhao Shen , Liao Zhuan , Hu Liang Hao 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesSteatorrhea, a sign of severe pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI), is related to consequences caused by pancreatitis. This study aimed to identify predictors and to construct a nomogram for steatorrhea in idiopathic chronic pancreatitis (ICP).MethodsICP patients admitted to our hospital from January 2000 to December 2013 were enrolled in this retrospective–prospective cohort study and randomly assigned to the training and validation cohorts. The cumulative rate of steatorrhea was calculated. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to identify predictors for steatorrhea and construct the nomogram. Internal and external validation of the nomogram was then performed.ResultsThere were 1633 ICP patients enrolled, with a median follow‐up duration of 9.8 years and 20.8% (339/1633) of patients developed steatorrhea following onset of ICP. Steatorrhea was observed in 93, 115, and 133 patients at 1, 3, and 5 years following diagnosis of CP, with a cumulative rate of 6.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.1%–7.9%), 8.0% (95% CI 6.2%–9.8%), and 9.3% (95% CI 6.6%–12.0%), respectively. Male sex (hazard ratio [HR] 2.479, P < 0.001), diabetes mellitus at/before diagnosis of ICP (HR 2.274, P = 0.003), and aged less than 18 years at onset of ICP (HR 0.095, P < 0.001) were identified risk factors for steatorrhea. Initial manifestations were associated with development of steatorrhea. The nomogram was proven to have good concordance indexes.ConclusionsWe identified predictors and developed a nomogram for predicting steatorrhea in ICP. It was recommended that high‐risk populations be followed up closely, which might contribute to the early diagnosis and treatment of PEI.
Station 3A lymph node dissection does not improve long‐term survival in right‐side operable non‐small‐cell lung cancer patients: A propensity score matching study
Authors: Yang Mu‐Zi , Tan Zi‐Hui , Li Ji‐Bin , Long Hao , Fu Jian‐Hua , Zhang Lan‐Jun , Lin Peng , Hou Xue , Yang Hao‐Xian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the impact of station 3A lymph node dissection (LND) on overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) in completely resected right‐side non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.MethodsA total of 1661 cases with completely resected right‐side NSCLC were included. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to minimize selection bias, and a logistic regression model was conducted to investigate the risk factors associated with station 3A lymph node metastasis (LNM). The Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to evaluate the impact of station 3A LND on survival.ResultsFor the entire cohort, 503 patients (30.3%) underwent station 3A LND. Of those, 11.3% (57/503) presented station 3A LNM. Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses showed that station 10 LNM, tumor location, and the number of resected lymph nodes were independent risk factors associated with station 3A LNM. Before PSM, patients with station 3A LND had worse 5‐year OS (p = 0.002) and DFS (p = 0.011), and more drainage on postoperative day 1 (p = 0.041) than those without. After PSM, however, station 3A LND was not associated with the 5‐year OS (65.7% vs. 63.6%, p = 0.432) or DFS (57.4% vs. 56.0%, p = 0.437). The multivariate analysis further confirmed that station 3A LND was not a prognostic factor (OS, p = 0.361; DFS, p = 0.447).ConclusionsStation 3A LND could not improve long‐term outcomes and it was unnecessary to dissect station 3A lymph nodes during surgery of right‐side NSCLC.
Association of optic nerve sheath lesion and brain or meningeal metastasis caused by lung cancer
Authors: Song Shuai , Chang Dong , Li Hao , Liu Chunquan , Cui Yong , Li Hongyang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundWith the development of imaging, the etiology of ocular lesions caused by lung cancer was not found only intraocular. Neuro‐ophthalmological imaging has been found to be useful for the diagnosis of meningeal carcinomatosis, although few studies have previously been published. Our study used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine if there was a the relationship between ocular symptoms and lung cancer metastasis.MethodsWe carried out a retrospective analysis which included patients with ocular lesions and lung cancer on which orbit MRI was performed together with ocular examination during January 2014 to January 2022. Here, we describe the characteristics of intraocular metastasis and optic nerve sheath lesions.ResultsA total of 21 lung cancer patients had ocular lesions, of which eight cases had choroidal metastasis; a further eight patients had optic nerve sheath lesions. There was one case (12.5%) of choroidal metastasis with brain or meningeal metastasis, and eight cases (100%) with optic nerve sheath lesions with brain or meningeal metastasis. A total of 75.0% patients with choroidal metastasis did not have any history of known lung cancer, and 25.0% of optic nerve sheath lesions in patients were found before a meningeal metastasis diagnosis. The features of optic nerve sheath lesions included thickening and strengthening of the long segment of the orbital optic nerve sheath with a clear boundary.ConclusionsThe pathway of choroidal and optic nerve sheath lesions was different. Optic nerve sheath lesions were associated with brain and meningeal metastasis. When lung cancer‐induced meningeal metastasis is suspected, orbital MRI is recommended to assist in the diagnosis.
Addressing food safety challenges in rapidly developing food systems
Authors: Unnevehr Laurian J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDuring the past decade, there has been growing awareness of the importance of food safety in developing countries. WHO estimates for 2010 show that the burden of illness from food safety worldwide is comparable to that of malaria and tuberculosis. Furthermore, the dietary transition and associated market transformation will alter and possibly increase food safety risks. Agricultural economic research has moved beyond the question of how food safety standards constitute potential export barriers to consider how food safety incentives and policies may improve food system performance in rapidly growing economies. In this regard, this paper considers the state of the art for answering four questions: How important is food safety in developing countries in terms of both public health and market performance? Why is food safety likely to become more important and more costly as more countries pass through the dietary transition? Are market incentives for improved food safety likely to emerge? What kind of policies can help to ensure a safer food supply in developing country's food systems? While much is still unknown, improving food safety is feasible, but as in high income countries, rarely simple to achieve.
Quality of life in patients with central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia: a preliminary study
Authors: Maranga Abena , Roche Fritzlaine C. , Alausa Maryam , McWilliams Tara , Margolis David J. , Fabbrocini Gabriella , Lauro Carlo Natale , Cataldo Rosanna , Taylor Susan C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA) is a common cause of hair loss among patients of African and/or Caribbean descent, and there is little data exploring the quality of life of patients with this condition. This pilot demonstrates that CCCA has a significant impact on overall quality of life, and patients may benefit from resources to address psychosocial aspects of this diagnosis.
Combined assessment of clinical and pathological prognostic factors for deciding treatment strategies for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma invading into the muscularis mucosa or submucosa after endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Shimada Tomohiro , Hatta Waku , Takahashi So , Koike Tomoyuki , Ohira Tetsuya , Hikichi Takuto , Toya Yosuke , Tanaka Ippei , Onozato Yusuke , Hamada Koichi , Fukushi Daisuke , Watanabe Ko , Kayaba Shoichi , Ito Hirotaka , Mikami Tatsuya , Oikawa Tomoyuki , Takahashi Yasushi , Kondo Yutaka , Yoshimura Tetsuro , Shiroki Takeharu , Nagino Ko , Hanabata Norihiro , Funakubo Akira , Nakamura Jun , Matsumoto Takayuki , Iijima Katsunori , Fukuda Shinsaku , Masamune Atsushi , Ito Kei ,   Tohoku GI Endoscopy Group
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesWe aimed to clarify the prognostic factors for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) invading into the muscularis mucosa (pT1a‐MM) or submucosa (pT1b‐SM) after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled such patients at 21 institutions in Japan between 2006 and 2017. We evaluated 15 factors, including pathological risk categories for ESCC‐specific mortality, six non‐cancer‐related indices, and treatment strategies.ResultsIn the analysis of 593 patients, the 5‐year overall and disease‐specific survival rates were 83.0% and 97.6%, respectively. In a multivariate Cox analysis, male sex (hazard ratio [HR] 3.56), Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) ≥3 (HR 2.53), ages of 75–79 (HR 1.61) and ≥80 years (HR 2.04), prognostic nutrition index (PNI) <45 (HR 1.69), and pathological intermediate‐risk (HR 1.63) and high‐risk (HR 1.89) were prognostic factors. Subsequently, we developed a clinical risk classification for non‐ESCC‐related mortality based on the number of prognostic factors (age ≥75 years, male sex, CCI ≥3, PNI <45): low‐risk, 0; intermediate‐risk, 1–2; and high‐risk, 3–4. The 5‐year non‐ESCC‐related mortality rates for patients without additional treatment were 0.0%, 10.2%, and 45.8% in the low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk groups, respectively. Meanwhile, the 5‐year ESCC‐specific mortality rates for the pathological low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk groups were 0.3%, 5.3%, and 18.2%, respectively.ConclusionsWe clarified prognostic factors for patients with pT1a‐MM/pT1b‐SM ESCC after ESD. The combined assessment of non‐ESCC‐ and ESCC‐related mortalities by the two risk classifications might help clinicians in deciding treatment strategies for such patients.
Exome sequencing for patients with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies in clinical practice
Authors: Scheffer Ingrid E. , Bennett Caitlin A. , Gill Deepak , de Silva Michelle G. , Boggs Kirsten , Marum Justine , Baker Naomi ,   Australian Genomics DEE Flagship, Palmer Elizabeth E. , Howell Katherine B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the clinical utility of exome sequencing for patients with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs).MethodOver 2 years, patients with DEEs were recruited for singleton exome sequencing. Parental segregation was performed where indicated.ResultsOf the 103 patients recruited (54 males, 49 females; aged 2 weeks–17 years), the genetic aetiology was identified in 36 out of 103 (35%) with management implications in 13 out of 36. Exome sequencing revealed pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in 30 out of 103 (29%) patients, variants of unknown significance in 39 out of 103 (38%), and 34 out of 103 (33%) were negative on exome analysis. After the description of new genetic diseases, a molecular diagnosis was subsequently made for six patients or through newly available high‐density chromosomal microarray testing.InterpretationWe demonstrate the utility of exome sequencing in routine clinical care of children with DEEs. We highlight that molecular diagnosis often leads to changes in management and informs accurate prognostic and reproductive counselling. Our findings reinforce the need for ongoing analysis of genomic data to identify the aetiology in patients in whom the cause is unknown. The implementation of genomic testing in the care of children with DEEs should become routine in clinical practice.What this paper adds

The cause was identified in 35% of patients with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies.

KCNQ2, CDKL5, SCN1A, and STXBP1 were the most frequently identified genes.

Reanalysis of genomic data found the cause in an additional six patients.

Genetic aetiology was identified in 41% of children with seizure onset under 2 years, compared to 18% with older onset.

Finding the molecular cause led to management changes in 36% of patients with DEEs.
Communicating Measurement Outcomes with (Better) Graphics
Authors: Setzer J. Carl , Cui Zhongmin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractData visualization is a core tenet of communicating measurement research and outcomes. Measurement professionals utilize data visualization in various phases of research, including exploration and communication. However, data visualization has not received enough attention in the measurement field. While it is true that many measurement graphics are relatively standard, many others are not and there is a wide variety of visualization quality and effectiveness seen in measurement journals. This article provides an overview of the current data visualization trends in measurement and provides some general tips for effective data visualization, with examples. This article is not a comprehensive treatise on data visualization. Therefore, we provide some resources for additional reading. Finally, we call on the measurement community to pay greater attention to the details of data visualization. We also call on measurement training programs to emphasize statistical reasoning through data visualization.
Overturning stereotypes: The fuzzy boundary between recreational and subsistence inland fisheries
Authors: Nyboer Elizabeth A. , Embke Holly S. , Robertson Ashley M. , Arlinghaus Robert , Bower Shannon , Baigun Claudio , Beard Douglas , Cooke Steven J. , Cowx Ian G. , Koehn John D. , Lyach Roman , Milardi Marco , Potts Warren , Lynch Abigail J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInland recreational fisheries provide numerous socio‐economic benefits to fishers, families and communities. Recreationally harvested fish are also frequently consumed and may provide affordable and sustainable but undervalued contributions to human nutrition. Quantifying the degree to which recreationally harvested fish contribute to food security and subsistence is impeded by lack of data on harvest and consumption and by the difficulty in differentiating among recreational and subsistence fisheries. Recreational harvest records tend to be limited to wealthy, food‐secure countries and well‐monitored fisheries with clear regulations or permitting systems. These records often neglect components of recreational harvest among food‐insecure fishers who are potentially more likely to have consumption as a motivation. Here, we highlight the ‘fuzzy boundary’ that can exist between inland recreational and subsistence fisheries and argue that unreported consumption is likely to be a hidden contributor to food security in some populations. We draw on local case studies from around the world to highlight specific instances where recreationally harvested fish species contribute food and subsistence benefits to participating communities. We use these examples to highlight the diversity of ways that inland recreational fisheries contribute to human nutrition, knowledge gaps in understanding recreational fishing for food, and consequences of not accounting for them as food fisheries in policy and management. The aim of this paper is to draw the attention of resource managers and policy makers, create greater social awareness of the importance of recreational fisheries and bring to light this hidden contribution of inland fisheries to nutrition and subsistence.
In search of interdisciplinary, holistic and culturally informed services: The case of racialized immigrant women experiencing domestic violence in Ontario
Authors: George Purnima , Medhekar Archana , Chaze Ferzana , Osborne Bethany , van Heer Mirelli , Alavi Hafsa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDomestic Violence (DV) is a social issue concerning all women, but not all women are oppressed or impacted in the same way. This paper draws on an analysis of fifteen closed Family Law case files of racialized immigrant women in Ontario who experienced DV to examine gaps in services and suggest interventions to fill these gaps. The findings reveal that these women and their children experience multiple and intersecting oppressions. Significantly, few existing services recognize the multiple intersecting vulnerabilities, systemic barriers in the host country, or other socio‐political, economic, and cultural realities these women face. Our research reveals a lack of coordination between different institutions providing services to these women. To respond to these gaps, the authors recommend developing interdisciplinary, holistic and culturally‐informed services offered at a single location to support racialized immigrant women and their children as they navigate the complicated path out of the traumatic entrapment of DV.
Predicting the effects of multiple global change drivers on microbial communities remains challenging
Authors: Suleiman Marcel , Daugaard Uriah , Choffat Yves , Zheng Xue , Petchey Owen L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMicrobial communities in many ecosystems are facing a broad range of global change drivers, such as nutrient enrichment, chemical pollution, and temperature change. These drivers can cause changes in the abundance of taxa, the composition of communities, and the properties of ecosystems. While the influence of single drivers is already described in numerous studies, the effect and predictability of multiple drivers changing simultaneously is still poorly understood. In this study, we used 240 highly replicable oxic/anoxic aquatic lab microcosms and four drivers (fertilizer, glyphosate, metal pollution, antibiotics) in all possible combinations at three different temperatures (20, 24, and 28°C) to shed light into consequences of multiple drivers on different levels of organization, ranging from species abundance to community and ecosystem parameters. We found (i) that at all levels of ecological organization, combinations of drivers can change the biological consequence and direction of effect compared to single drivers, (ii) that effects of combinations are further modified by temperature, (iii) that a larger number of drivers occurring simultaneously is often quite closely related to their effect size, and (iv) that there is little evidence that any of these effects are associated with the level of ecological organization of the state variable. These findings suggest that, at least in this experimental ecosystem approximating a stratified aquatic ecosystem, there may be relatively little scope for predicting the effects of combinations of drivers from the effects of individual drivers, or by accounting for the level of ecological organization in question, though there may be some scope for prediction based on the number of drivers that are occurring simultaneous. A priority, though also a considerable challenge, is to extend such research to consider continuous variation in the magnitude of multiple drivers acting together.
Gum acacia/pectin/pullulan‐based edible film for food packaging application to improve the shelf‐life of ivy gourd
Authors: Suresh Siva Nandhini , Puspharaj Charumathi , Natarajan Arunadevi , Subramani Ramesh 
Published: June 2022

SummaryTernary blend of gum acacia/pectin/pullulan (GPPL) polysaccharide composite film was prepared using solution casting technique with the addition of different ratios of glycerol and sorbitol to increase plasticiser—polysaccharide interactions. The results showed that the film thickness, water contact angle, moisture content, solubility, tensile strength, elongation and anti‐microbial properties were in good agreement with already reported films in the literature. Composite film solution was used as a coating solution to improve the shelf‐life of ivy gourd (Coccinia indica). Weight loss, titrable acidity (TA), total soluble solids (TSS), anti‐oxidant, total phenolic content (TPC) and storage time were measured to check the efficiency of the coating solution. The obtained data shows a 35% increase in the shelf‐life of the ivy gourd during the storage period of 23 days. The anti‐microbial test showed that the prepared film/coating is more resistant against Pseudomonas aeruginosa due to the presence of pullulan. Therefore, our coating shows a significant increase in shelf‐life of ivy gourd up to 23 days of storage time. Thus, the prepared polysaccharide composite films in this study may be suitable for food packaging applications whereas the composite film solution can be used to improve the shelf‐life of various food products in the food industry.
Protective effects of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Hao9 on dextran sulphate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice
Authors: Han Mei , Liao Wenyan , Si Xiaojing , Bai Chen , Gai Zhonghui 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Aims
Some probiotics used as food additives or food supplements had an anti-inflammatory effect. We tested the potential protective effects of probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Hao9 (Hao9) in mice with dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) and determined whether these effects were related to the modulation of gut microbiota and amelioration of inflammation.

Methods and Results
Ulcerative colitis mouse model was established by feeding mice with 2.5% (w/v) DSS in drinking water for 7 days. We analysed the disease activity index (DAI), colon length and histological changes in the colon. In addition, we investigated the effects of Hao9 (1 × 109 colony forming unit/day) and curcumin (CUR) (200 mg/kg/day) on gut microbiota and serum inflammatory cytokines. In this study, CUR was used as a positive control. The results showed that both Hao9 and CUR effectively reduced body mass loss and DAI, restored colon length, alleviated colonic pathological variations and reduced histological scores compared with the UC group. Hao9 reduced the serum concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines (tumour necrosis factor alpha, interleukin [IL]-6 and IL-1β) and increased the concentration of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. In addition, Hao9 promoted the growth of Faecalibaculum and Romboutsia in the gut and helped to maintain intestinal homeostasis.

Conclusions
Hao9 had a protective effect against DSS-induced colitis, and the mechanisms underlying Hao9 may involve controlling inflammation and maintaining host micro-ecological balance. This study provided experimental evidence for the application of Hao9 in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and suggested that Hao9 may be a promising candidate as a dietary supplement against colitis.

Significance and Impact of the Study
The comparison of probiotics and prebiotics in terms of therapeutic efficacy in UC helps us to understand their different patterns of regulation of intestinal microbiota.
Challenging the incumbent: Entry in markets with captive consumers and taste heterogeneity
Authors: Oertel Christian , Schmutzler Armin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe analyze entry of a firm with a new and differentiated product into a market with two properties: An existing incumbent has a captive consumer base, and all consumers have heterogeneous tastes. The interaction between the share of captive consumers and the degree of taste heterogeneity leads to nonmonotone effects of both parameters on entry: The captive share can have an inverse‐U relation with entry profits, and higher taste heterogeneity (i.e., less product substitutability) can impede entry in the presence of captive consumers.