bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subnational institutional configurations and international expansion of SMEs in emerging economies
Authors: García-Cabrera Antonia Mercedes , García-Soto María Gracia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

In contrast to institutional studies based on comparisons between countries and based on a deterministic perspective that analyses the influence of institutions on the performance of the individual in emerging economies, the present research looks to the most recent versions of neo institutionalism and to the literature on entrepreneurship and international business in order to study (1) the existence of subnational institutional differences in emerging economies and (2) whether such differences relate to the international expansion of SMEs located in such territories. This study takes evidence from a sample of 296 entrepreneurs who founded their SMEs in the Federal State of Sergipe (Brazil) and analyses from a comparative perspective of six tourist municipalities located in that state. The results allow us to identify the existence of differences in the regulative, normative, and cognitive institutional dimensions between subnational territories and how such differences relate to the international expansion of SMEs located in each subnational territory.
Hybrid algorithm based on reinforcement learning for smart inventory management
Authors: Cuartas Carlos , Aguilar Jose 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article proposes a hybrid algorithm based on reinforcement learning and the inventory management methodology called DDMRP (Demand Driven Material Requirement Planning) to determine the optimal time to buy a certain product, and how much quantity should be requested. For this, the inventory management problem is formulated as a Markov Decision Process where the environment with which the system interacts is designed from the concepts raised in the DDMRP methodology, and through the reinforcement learning algorithm—specifically, Q-Learning. The optimal policy is determined for making decisions about when and how much to buy. To determine the optimal policy, three approaches are proposed for the reward function: the first one is based on inventory levels; the second is an optimization function based on the distance of the inventory to its optimal level, and the third is a shaping function based on levels and distances to the optimal inventory. The results show that the proposed algorithm has promising results in scenarios with different characteristics, performing adequately in difficult case studies, with a diversity of situations such as scenarios with discontinuous or continuous demand, seasonal and non-seasonal behavior, and with high demand peaks, among others.
Australian Patient Preferences for the Introduction of Spirituality into their Healthcare Journey: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Best Megan C. , Jones Kate , Merritt Frankie , Casey Michael , Lynch Sandra , Eisman John , Cohen Jeffrey , Mackie Darryl , Beilharz Kirsty , Kearney Matthew 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhile patients value engagement concerning their spirituality as a part of holistic healthcare, there is little evidence regarding the preferred way to engage in discussions about spirituality. This study investigated inpatient preferences regarding how they would like spirituality to be raised in the hospital setting. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with inpatients at six hospitals in Sydney, Australia (n = 897), with a subset invited to participate in qualitative interviews (n = 41). There was high approval for all proposed spiritual history prompts (94.0–99.8%). In interviews, the context dictated the appropriateness of discussions. Findings indicated a high level of patient acceptability for discussing spirituality in healthcare. Further research and more detailed analysis is required and proposed to be undertaken.
Quantifying cross-scale patch contributions to spatial connectivity
Authors: Cumming Graeme S. , Magris Rafael A. , Maciejewski Kristi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Context
Connectivity between habitat patches is vital for ecological processes at multiple scales. Traditional metrics do not measure the scales at which individual habitat patches contribute to the overall ecological connectivity of the landscape. Connectivity has previously been evaluated at several different scales based on the dispersal capabilities of particular organisms, but these approaches are data-heavy and conditioned on just a few species.

Objectives
Our objective was to improve cross-scale measurement of connectivity by developing and testing a new landscape metric, cross-scale centrality.

Methods
Cross-scale centrality (CSC) integrates over measurements of patch centrality at different scales (hypothetical dispersal distances) to quantify the cross-scale contribution of each individual habitat patch to overall landscape or seascape connectivity. We tested CSC against an independent metapopulation simulation model and demonstrated its potential application in conservation planning by comparison to an alternative approach that used individual dispersal data.

Results
CSC correlated significantly with total patch occupancy across the entire landscape in our metapopulation simulation, while being much faster and easier to calculate. Standard conservation planning software (Marxan) using dispersal data was weaker than CSC at capturing locations with high cross-scale connectivity.

Conclusions
Metrics that measure pattern across multiple scales are much faster and more efficient than full simulation models and more rigorous and interpretable than ad hoc incorporation of connectivity into conservation plans. In reality, connectivity matters for many different organisms across many different scales. Metrics like CSC that quantify landscape pattern across multiple different scales can make a valuable contribution to multi-scale landscape measurement, planning, and management.
The value of travel time: a revealed preferences approach using exogenous variation in travel costs and automatic traffic count data
Authors: Tveter Eivind 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper suggests an alternative approach to estimate the value of travel time (VTT) savings, using a case study with exogenous variation in travel costs and data from automatic traffic counts (ATC). With this revealed preferences approach, we address a possible bias of VTT estimates because of self-selection. Compared to the VTT estimates used in transport appraisals, the results produce substantially higher estimates of VTT. Unfortunately, our analysis does allow us to distinguish the self-selection bias from other possible sources of bias. The cost of using ATC data is that there is no direct information regarding the motorists, and the analysis must be done using aggregated data at an hourly interval. Still, this alternative approach may complement the results with more detailed data.
Two-phase Flow Dynamics at the Interface Between GDL and Gas Distributor Channel Using a Pore-Network Model
Authors: Michalkowski Cynthia , Veyskarami Maziar , Bringedal Carina , Helmig Rainer , Schleper Veronika 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFor improved operating conditions of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell, a sophisticated water management is crucial. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the transport mechanisms of water throughout the cell constituents especially on the cathode side, where the excess water has to be removed. Pore-scale modeling of diffusion layers and gas distributor has been established as a favorable technique to investigate the ongoing processes. Investigating the interface between the cathode layers, a particular challenge is the combination and interaction of the multi-phase flow in the porous material of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) with the free flow in the gas distributor channels. The formation, growth and detachment of water droplets on the hydrophobic, porous surface of the GDL have a major influence on the mass, momentum and energy exchange between the layers. A dynamic pore-network model is used to describe the flow through the porous GDL on the pore-scale. To capture the droplet occurrence and its influence on the flow, this dynamic two-phase pore-network model is extended to capture droplet formation and growth at the surface of the GDL as well as droplet detachment due to the gas flow in the gas distributor channels. In this article, the developed model is applied to single- and multi-tube systems to investigate the general drop behavior. These rather simple test-cases are compared to experimental and numerical data available in the literature. Finally, the model is applied to a GDL unit cell to analyze the interaction between two-phase flow through the GDL and drop formation at the interface between GDL and gas distributor channel.
Molecular characterization of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus isolated in Chile reveals several mutations in VP2 coding region and a reassortment in its genome
Authors: Guzmán Miguel , Cádiz Leandro , Guerrero-Moncayo Alejandra , Cáceres Francisca , Vidal Sonia , Lapierre Lisette , Sáenz Leonardo , Hidalgo Héctor 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInfectious Bursal Disease (IBD) is a well-described disease in young chickens. It is caused by the Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV), which has a bi-segmented, double-strand RNA genome. The absence of a lipidic envelope makes IBDV highly resistant to environmental conditions. Consequently, it is widely reported around the world. Fourteen samples retrieved from chickens exhibiting apparent alterations of the bursa of Fabricius between 2017 and 2021 were included in the study. These samples were passaged into embryonated eggs and the presence of IBD was confirmed through RT-PCR. The PCR products were sequenced and analyzed to characterize the Chilean IBDV isolates for comparison with GenBank sequences, including vaccines sequences currently used in Chile.Phylogenetic analysis classified the Chilean sequences as A1B1, except the sample 15002_CL_2021 which was classified as A2B1. On the other hand, all Chilean viruses were grouped as B1, based on viral segment B. Estimated evolutionary divergence between different genogroups supports these clustering. Moreover, samples 13936_CL_2017, 14038_CL_2017, 14083_CL_2017, 14145_CL_2018, 14431_CL_2019, and 14459_CL_2019 showed high similitude with the D78 and ViBursa CE vaccines (both currently used in Chile). Viruses 14010_CL_2018, 14040_CL_2017, 14514_CL_2019 and 14019_CL_2017 exhibited patterns that do not exactly fit either vaccine. Finally, viruses 15,041 N-_CL_2021, 15,041 N+_CL_2021, and 15004_CL_2021 showed even more differences regarding both vaccines.This is the first study in Chile to analyze the genetic sequences of IBDV isolates. The different assessments conducted as part of the study suggest a close relationship with vaccines currently in use. Interestingly, one of the viruses exhibited a reassortment in its genome segments, which could confer new characteristics to the virus. However, new approaches would be required to establish the origin of the isolated viruses, as well as how the recombination is changing its virulence or morbidity.
Urinary Proteome Analysis of Global Cerebral Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury Rat Model via Data-Independent Acquisition and Parallel Reaction Monitoring Proteomics
Authors: Sun Xiaopeng , Li Qiujie , Wang Jiajia , Ma Yuan , Wang Mingshan , Qin Weiwei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCerebral ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury is the leading cause of death in severe hypotension caused by cardiac arrest, drowning, and excessive blood loss. Urine can sensitively reflect pathophysiological changes in the brain even at an early stage. In this study, a rat model of global cerebral I/R injury was established via Pulsinelli’s four-vessel occlusion (4-VO) method. Overall, 164 urinary proteins significantly changed in the 4-VO rat urine samples compared to the control samples by data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics technique (1.5-fold change, p < 0.05). Gene Ontology annotation showed that the acute-phase response, the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade, endopeptidase activity, blood coagulation, and angiogenesis were overrepresented. After parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) validation, 15 differential proteins having human orthologs were verified as the potential urinary markers associated with cerebral I/R injury. Of these potential biomarkers, 8 proteins were reported to be closely associated with cerebral I/R injury. Nine differential proteins changed even when there were no clinical manifestations or histopathological cerebral damage, including FGG, COMP, TFF2, HG2A, KNG1, CATZ, PTGDS, PRVA, and HEPC. These 9 proteins are potential biomarkers for early screening of cerebral I/R injury to prevent the development of cerebral injury. KNG1, CATZ, PTGDS, PRVA, and HEPC showed an overall trend of upregulation or downregulation at 12 and 48 h after I/R injury, reflecting the progression of cerebral I/R injury. These 5 proteins may serve as potential biomarkers for prognostic evaluation of cerebral I/R injury. These findings provide important clues to inform the monitoring of cerebral I/R injury and further the current understanding of its molecular biological mechanisms.
Populatieverschillen in de volledigheid en betrouwbaarheid van COVID-19-registratiedata
Authors: van Deursen Babette , de Jonge Ester A. L. 
Published: August 2022

SamenvattingDe complexe interactie tussen het beleid en de kwaliteit van registratiedata vormde tijdens de COVID-19-pandemie een uitdaging voor GGD-onderzoekers. Beleidskeuzen gericht op populatiespecifieke testlocaties en de selectieve registratieplicht van negatieve testresultaten leidden tot populatieverschillen in datakwaliteit. Populatieverschillen in de besmettingsgraad konden daardoor niet betrouwbaar worden vastgesteld. Dit belemmerde de ontwikkeling van relevante sturingsinformatie voor beleidsmakers in de publieke gezondheidssector.
A scientific note on the strategy of wax collection as rare behavior of Apis mellifera
Authors: Olszewski Krzysztof , Dziechciarz Piotr , Trytek Mariusz , Borsuk Grzegorz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWax collection behavior has not yet been described in the honeybee; it is typical of another Apis species. The wax collection was more difficult to observe due to the different biology of Apis mellifera and the fact that beekeepers do not display combs around the apiary to avoid the spread of bee diseases and robberies. The transport of wax in the pollen basket is typical of Apis florea; additionally, these bees have preferences for natal combs, which are significantly greater than for non-natal combs. Before they abandon their nests, these migratory bees following the nectar flow collect and transport some wax in their pollen baskets. This helps them to build a new nest quickly. The collection of available wax by both A. florea and A. mellifera is economically justified, as it reduces consumption of energy and honey supplies for the production of wax. The economic balance is believed to determine the collection of wax covers of Ceroplastes sp. soft scale insects by A. mellifera. This can be confirmed by the comparison of the energy value of wax (12.7 kcal/g) and honey (3.1 kcal/g), which indicates an over fourfold energy gain in favor of honey stored in the bee colony. The energetic trade-off between wax secretion and collection from an old nest may explain why A. florea is probably the only honeybee species known to recycle wax if the new breeding site is located at a distance lower than 100–200 m away from the nesting site. In such a case, it energetically pays off to recycle the wax. The same is probably true in A. mellifera, as we observed that wax was placed on the tops of the apiary hives at a distance lower than 100 m away from the colony. This is also reflected by the economic conversion rates, as a bee colony consumes from 4 to 8 kg of honey to produce 1 kg of wax. Our observations show that A. mellifera collect wax in pollen baskets. In addition, wax collection by honeybees is a static process occurring at the site where wax is present; bees do not have to flight, unlike in the case of pollen pellets, which are formed during flight. This paper addresses two completely unknown issues that make up two hypotheses: one is associated with collection of propolis into the pollen basket to stick the light wax fragments, and the other assumes saving energy required from the bee organism, which can be used to support colony functioning.
Sand erosion modeling in generic compressor rig testing
Authors: Jiang L. Y. , Wu X. , Yang Q. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBased on erosion coupon tests, a sand erosion model for 17-4PH steel was developed. The developed erosion model was validated against the results of compressor erosion tests from a generic rig and from other researchers. A high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the test rig was built, a user-defined function was developed to implement the erosion model into the ANSYS CFD software, and the turbulent, two-phase flow-field in multiple reference frames was solved. The simulation results are consistent with the test results from the compressor rig and with experimental findings from other researchers. Specifically, the sand erosion blunts the leading edge, sharpens the trailing edge and increases pressure-surface roughness. The comparisons between the experimental observations and numerical results as well as a quantitative comparison with three other sand erosion models indicate that the developed sand erosion model is adequate for erosion prediction of engine components made of 17-4PH steel.
The Weak Spot of Infrastructure BCA: Cost Overruns in Seven Road and Railway Construction Projects
Authors: Nilsson Jan-Eric 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article describes the process from first proposals in the early 1990s to project completion many years later for seven large Swedish road and railway projects. The purpose is to find reasons for the massive cost overruns as well as explanations for why projects are brought to completion despite much higher costs than when the decision to build was made. Cost overruns are set in an institutional context to highlight the interplay among national, regional, and local policymakers. National investment programs are seen as promises by other parts of society, irrespective of whether project costs increase during the process toward procurement and implementation. Another aspect is that the infrastructure manager’s administrative framework currently makes it impossible to compare costs in contracts with final cost, meaning that there is no institutionalized learning process in place. Design preparations and the estimation of costs for new projects must therefore be done without an understanding of what has been working well in the implementation of previous projects. While Benefit-Cost Analysis (BCA) played no role in the planning of the seven projects, the article sends a stark warning that early cost estimates provide poor input for assessing project rate of return.
Valuing COVID-19 Morbidity Risk Reductions
Authors: Robinson Lisa A. , Eber Michael R. , Hammitt James K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMany economic analyses, including those that address the COVID-19 pandemic, focus on the value of averting deaths and do not include the value of averting nonfatal illnesses. Yet, incorporating the value of averting nonfatal cases may change conclusions about the desirability of the policy. While per case values may be small, the number of nonfatal cases is often large, far outstripping the number of fatal cases. The value of averting nonfatal cases is also increasingly important in evaluating COVID-19 policy options as vaccine- and infection-related immunity and treatments reduce the case-fatality rate. Unfortunately, little valuation research is available that explicitly addresses COVID-19 morbidity. We describe and implement an approach for approximating the value of averting nonfatal illnesses or injuries and apply it to COVID-19 in the USA. We estimate gains from averting COVID-19 morbidity of about 0.01 quality-adjusted life year (QALY) per mild case averted, 0.02 QALY per severe case, and 3.15 QALYs per critical case. These gains translate into monetary values of about $5300 per mild case, $11,000 per severe case, and $1.8 million per critical case. While these estimates are imprecise, they suggest the magnitude of the effects.
CORRECTING FIEDEL, ONCE AGAIN: MONTE VERDE AND THE PEOPLING OF SOUTH AMERICA
Authors: Dillehay Tom D , Pino Mario , Ocampo Carlos , Adovasio James , Collins Michael B , Saavedra Jose , Rossen Jack , Pollock David 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTCorrections are made to Stuart Fiedel’s (2022) recent errors and misrepresentations related to the late Pleistocene sites of Monte Verde and Huaca Prieta and to South American Fishtail projectile points.
Autonomic indices and loss-of-control eating in adolescents: an ecological momentary assessment study
Authors: Ranzenhofer Lisa M. , Solhjoo Soroosh , Crosby Ross D. , Kim Brittany H. , Korn Rachel , Koorathota Sharath , Lloyd E. Caitlin , Walsh B. Timothy , Haigney Mark C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundLoss-of-control (LOC) eating commonly develops during adolescence, and it predicts full-syndrome eating disorders and excess weight gain. Although negative emotions and emotion dysregulation are hypothesized to precede and predict LOC eating, they are rarely examined outside the self-report domain. Autonomic indices, including heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), may provide information about stress and capacity for emotion regulation in response to stress.MethodsWe studied whether autonomic indices predict LOC eating in real-time in adolescents with LOC eating and body mass index (BMI) ⩾70th percentile. Twenty-four adolescents aged 12–18 (67% female; BMI percentile mean ± standard deviation = 92.6 ± 9.4) who reported at least twice-monthly LOC episodes wore biosensors to monitor HR, HRV, and physical activity for 1 week. They reported their degree of LOC after all eating episodes on a visual analog scale (0–100) using a smartphone.ResultsAdjusting for physical activity and time of day, higher HR and lower HRV predicted higher self-reported LOC after eating. Parsing between- and within-subjects effects, there was a significant, positive, within-subjects association between pre-meal HR and post-meal LOC rating. However, there was no significant within-subjects effect for HRV, nor were there between-subjects effects for either electrophysiologic variable.ConclusionsFindings suggest that autonomic indices may either be a marker of risk for subsequent LOC eating or contribute to LOC eating. Linking physiological markers with behavior in the natural environment can improve knowledge of illness mechanisms and provide new avenues for intervention.