bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An effective method for determination and characteristic analysis of induction motor parameters
Authors: Chen Haixu , Bi Chao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDue to its unique and attractive characteristics, the induction motor (IM) has been widely used for years. How to design an IM with desired characteristics and how to realise high performance control for a given IM, these have always been hot research topics to many researchers. No matter what control technology is used to achieve high‐performance drive of IM, it depends on in‐depth understanding of motor parametric characteristics and their accurate acquisition. An effective determination method is proposed to improve the parameter accuracies of the equivalent circuit for induction motors by combining non‐rotor test with dual‐load test and using this method to measure and analyse the parametric characteristics of IM. Experimental validations are carried out on two induction motors with open‐slot rotor and closed‐slot rotor, respectively. Compared with the traditional methods, the proposed method has higher accuracy and can be an effective tool for design, control, and testing research of IM.
Novel micro‐capsule‐doped insulating material with hydrophobicity transfer capability triggered by creepage discharge
Authors: Li Mingzhe , Cao Bin , Liu Yuhao , Wang Liming 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe lack of hydrophobicity transfer capability has restricted the applications of insulating materials in environments with heavy contamination. In this study, an epoxy resin insulating composite was prepared using a micro‐capsule system to achieve hydrophobicity transfer triggered by creepage discharge. The influence of the micro‐capsules on the electrical properties of insulating materials and the hydrophobicity of the test samples before and after the creepage discharge test was analysed. The results show that the poly(urea‐formaldehyde) micro‐capsules, which contained hydrogen silicone oil, have good morphology and thermal stability characteristics at temperatures below 222°C. Micro‐capsules have minor effects on the electrical properties of epoxy insulating materials. Further, the hydrophobicity transfer capability of the test piece was improved considerably compared with that of the pure epoxy insulating material. This study expands the application of micro‐capsule technology in the field of insulating materials and provides a reference for the development of next‐generation insulating materials.
Finite time observer‐based super‐twisting sliding mode control for vehicle platoons with guaranteed strong string stability
Authors: Chen Qian , Xu Long , Zhou Yang , Li Shihua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a finite time disturbance observer (FTDO)‐based super‐twisting sliding mode control (SMC) structure for a vehicle platoon system with a focus on parameter uncertainties as well as external disturbances. In order to compensate the parameter uncertainties and external disturbances, a composite FTDO‐based super twisting SMC method is developed under zero initial spacing deviations, where the parameter uncertainties, external disturbances, and the preceding vehicle's acceleration are estimated as a lumped disturbance by employing an FTDO. Benefiting from the FTDO, the estimation error dynamics is stable in finite time. Different from the existing SMC‐based achievements, the continuity of the control signals can be achieved, which avoids the undesirable chattering phenomenon in the existing SMC‐based works. Leveraging an FTDO, the preceding vehicle's acceleration information is not required, which enables the proposed control method to exploit a unidirectional information flow topology. Thus, it can reduce communication burden compared with bidirectional information flow topologies. Then, an improved time gap policy is employed to extend the developed control scheme to a more general case with nonzero initial spacing deviations. In addition, the individual stability of each vehicle is rigorously analyzed by resorting to the Lyapunov stability theory. Furthermore, the strong string stability of the whole vehicle platoon is derived with the help of the Laplace transform. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to illustrate the effectiveness and applicability of the developed control scheme.
A computationally efficient hybrid optimization‐based model predictive control for inductive power transfer systems
Authors: Cao Lingling , Sun Wenying , He Junping , Loo Ka‐Hong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractModel predictive control (MPC) has been actively researched in recent years for power electronics applications due to its intuitive concept, flexibility, and superior dynamic performance. However, current research on MPC for inductive power transfer (IPT) systems is rather limited. Several emerging applications such as dynamic electric vehicle charging, vehicle‐to‐grid services, and ad hoc power transfer between mobile devices require IPT systems to possess fast dynamic response characteristic. Here, a new MPC method based on computationally efficient hybrid optimization scheme is proposed to meet the needs of these applications. The proposed MPC method adaptively selects the moving discretized control set‐based optimization or the newly proposed group‐based optimization under different system's states to minimize the number of iterations required for determining the optimum control variable, thus offering the advantage of low computational burden. The paper also proposes a new prediction error compensation scheme that effectively improves the control accuracy of the proposed MPC method. All the proposed works are experimentally verified on a laboratory prototype.
Bernoulli track‐before‐detect smoothing for maritime radar
Authors: Ristic Branko , Guan Robin , Kim Du Yong , Rosenberg Luke 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDetection and tracking of small targets in sea clutter using a high‐resolution radar is a challenging problem as the sea surface constantly moves in a complex manner, with rough seas creating strong target‐like returns. Recently, a Bernoulli track‐before‐detect (TBD) filter has been developed for an airborne scanning radar in the maritime domain. Its purpose is to detect and track short‐exposure targets by using the radar in a fast scanning mode. The current paper investigates the potential improvement in detection and tracking performance of the Bernoulli TBD filter by incorporating a backward smoothing step. The developed algorithm, referred to as the Bernoulli TBD forward‐backward smoother (FBS) for maritime radar, is making a delayed decision by taking into account multiple future scans of radar data. A numerical analysis of a joint detection and tracking error with a fixed‐lag smoothing is presented, as a function of the number of delay lags, signal‐to‐interference ratio and the sea clutter spikiness.
Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE)
Authors: Konrad B. S. , Alei E. , Quanz S. P. , Angerhausen D. , Carrión-González Ó. , Fortney J. J. , Grenfell J. L. , Kitzmann D. , Mollière P. , Rugheimer S. , Wunderlich F. ,   the LIFE Collaboration
Published: March 2022

Context.Temperate terrestrial exoplanets are likely to be common objects, but their discovery and characterization is very challenging because of the small intrinsic signal compared to that of their host star. Various concepts for optimized space missions to overcome these challenges are currently being studied. The Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE) initiative focuses on the development of a spacebased mid-infrared (MIR) nulling interferometer probing the thermal emission of a large sample of exoplanets.Aims.This study derives the minimum requirements for the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), the spectral resolution (R), and the wavelength coverage for the LIFE mission concept. Using an Earth-twin exoplanet as a reference case, we quantify how well planetary and atmospheric properties can be derived from its MIR thermal emission spectrum as a function of the wavelength range,S/N,andR.Methods.We combined a cloud-free 1D atmospheric radiative transfer model, a noise model for observations with the LIFE interferometer, and the nested sampling algorithm for Bayesian parameter inference to retrieve planetary and atmospheric properties. We simulated observations of an Earth-twin exoplanet orbiting a G2V star at 10 pc from the Sun with different levels of exozodiacal dust emissions. We investigated a grid of wavelength ranges (3–20 μm, 4–18.5 μm, and 6–17 μm),S/Ns(5, 10, 15, and 20 determined at a wavelength of 11.2 μm), andRs (20, 35, 50, and 100).Results.We find that H2O, CO2, and O3are detectable ifS/N ≥10 (uncertainty ≤ ± 1.0 dex). We find upper limits for N2O (abundance ≲10−3). In conrtrast, CO, N2, and O2are unconstrained. The lower limits for a CH4detection areR= 50 andS/N= 10. Our retrieval framework correctly determines the exoplanet’s radius (uncertainty ≤ ± 10%), surface temperature (uncertainty ≤ ± 20 K), and surface pressure (uncertainty ≤ ± 0.5 dex) in all cloud-free retrieval analyses. Based on our current assumptions, the observation time required to reach the specifiedS/Nfor an Earth-twin at 10 pc when conservatively assuming a total instrument throughput of 5% amounts to ≈6−7 weeks with four 2m apertures.Conclusions.We provide first order estimates for the minimum technical requirements for LIFE via the retrieval study of an Earth-twin exoplanet. We conclude that a minimum wavelength coverage of 4–18.5 μm, anRof 50, and anS/Nof at least 10 is required. With the current assumptions, the atmospheric characterization of several Earth-like exoplanets at a distance of 10 pc and within a reasonable amount of observing time will require apertures ≥ 2m.
Prediction of Fetal Biliary Atresia Based on Second and Third-Trimester Ultrasound Characteristics
Authors: Zeng Kaihui , Yang Zeyu , Chen Lizhu , Sun Wie , Wang Yu , Chen Changyu , Cai Ailu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective To explore the diagnostic performance of prenatal ultrasound in the prediction of biliary atresia (BA).
Methods We prospectively collected cases of suspected biliary abnormalities in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy and performed a series (at least 3) of prenatal ultrasound examinations in the 2nd and 3rd trimester. The presence of the gallbladder was examined each time, and its size and shape were assessed if the gallbladder was visible. The existence of other abnormalities was carefully evaluated. Neonatal ultrasound examination was conducted within 1 month after birth, and clinical data were followed-up for 6 months after birth.
Results Among the 41 895 patients, 298 were suspected to have biliary abnormalities, while 82 patients were excluded due to loss to follow-up or induced labor caused by other abnormalities. A total of 216 patients were included in this study, and 15 were diagnosed with BA. We summarized the ultrasound findings of the gallbladders and defined a high-risk gallbladder for the prenatal diagnosis of BA. This was demonstrated to have the best diagnostic performance as a single parameter, with an area under the curve of 0.914 (95 %CI: 0.869–0.948). In addition, higher incidences of biliary cysts, right hepatic artery dilation, echogenic bowel, and ascites were observed in BA fetuses. Logistic regression analysis showed that the combination of 5 parameters had better diagnostic performance, with an area under the curve of 0.995 (95 %CI: 0.973–0.999).
Conclusion The fetal gallbladder was found to be a critical feature for the identification of BA. Concomitant abnormalities could be helpful to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis.
The Endoscopic Anatomy of the External Acoustic Meatus and of the Middle Ear in Dry Temporal Bones: A Study Conducted Using Digital and Mobile Device Technology
Authors: Gaspar-Sobrinho Fernando P. , Trzan Aline L. S. , Uzeda Sandra de Q. , Nogueira Joao Flavio 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction The endoscopic anatomy of the middle ear (ME) and of the external acoustic meatus (EAM) has been described in cadavers, in fresh temporal bones, or in vivo using conventional video recording, but not in dry bones or using an alternative inspection and recording technique.
Objective To study the anatomy of the ME and of the EAM in dry temporal bones using a smartphone-endoscope system.
Methods The EAM and the ME were studied in dry temporal bones using an endoscopic transcanal approach with a telescope connected to a smartphone (M-scope mobile endoscope app and adaptador, GBEF Telefonia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil).
Results Out of 50 specimens, 2 had exostosis of the EAM and 3 contained remains of the tympanic membrane. The anterior wall of the EAM was prominent in 10/48 specimens (20.8%). Ossicles were seen in 13/45 (28.8%), stapes at the oval window were seen in 12/45 (26.6%), and the incus was seen in 1/45 (2.2%) specimens. The facial canal was open and protruding in 15/45 (33.3%) and in 7/45 (15.5%) specimens, respectively. Of the 45 MEs evaluated, type A was predominant for finiculus (93.3%), subiculum (100%), and ponticulus (95.6%). The rest were type B. None was classified as type C. According to its position in relation to the round window, the fustis was classified into type A (68.9%) or B (31.1%). The pyramidal eminence, the bony portion of the Eustachian tube, the semicanal of the tensor tympani muscle, and the cochleariform process were visualized completely or partially in all cases.
Conclusion The use of a smartphone-based endoscopic transcanal procedure in dry temporal bones allowed the evaluation of anatomical variations in the EAM and in the ME.
Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of Novel Thiourea-Bearing Photoactivatable NADPH Mimics Targeting NO Synthases
Authors: Xie Juan , Polese Clément L. , Deprez Eric , Tauc Patrick , Bogliotti Nicolas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA new set of photoactivatable NADPH mimics bearing a thiourea linkage between a diarylbutadiene and an adenosine moiety functionalized by O-carboxymethyl groups has been designed and synthesized in a convergent strategy. These compounds display absorption and fluorescence emission maxima in DMSO (λmax,abs = 390 nm and λmax,em = 460 nm, respectively) consistent with the previously described analogues, with good fluorescence quantum yields (ΦF = 0.35–0.36), as well as two-photon absorption (σ2 = 10.1 GM at λmax,exc = 780 nm). These molecules could be useful photosensitive tools for biological studies, especially for cellular studies of nitric oxide synthases.
Outbreak of Ralstonia mannitolilytica Infection in Hemato-Oncology Unit: Case Series and Review of Literature
Authors: Chauhan Priyanka , Gupta Anshul , Sahu Chinmoy , Desai Nihar , Nityanand Soniya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRalstonia mannitolilytica is a Gram-negative, nonfermentative, soil bacterium that is reported to cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients in nosocomial settings. After extensive review of literature, it was found that this is second outbreak reported from India. This study is a retrospective analysis of the clinical features, outcome, and source identification of R. mannitolilytica infection outbreak in a hemato-oncology unit of a tertiary care center of North India between February 2020 and March 2020. We report an outbreak of R. mannitolilytica bacteremia (with or without septic shock) in five patients admitted in hemato-oncology unit at a tertiary care institute in North India for 1 month period. Four patients were cured after administration of appropriate antibiotics as per sensitivity reports, while one patient died of septicemia due to delayed diagnosis. Environmental cultures revealed multidose saline bottles used for administration of drugs as the source of outbreak. Following implementation of use of single dose diluents and flushing solutions in patients with central venous catheter, no new case was reported. Clinicians and microbiologists should keep high index of suspicion to identify these organisms as timely diagnosis is the only key to improve outcomes.
Spatial Epidemiology of COPD in Delhi, India
Authors: Sharma Arun Kumar , Kumar Rakesh , Saini Narinder Kumar , Ghosh Chirashree , Dey Sagnik , Balyan Palak 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchial asthma are the most common chronic respiratory illnesses. COPD is one of the three most common causes of death worldwide. The main burden of mortality from COPD is seen in Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa, India, China, and South-East Asia. Absence of true prevalence values and mortality burden hinder planning and operationalization of public health interventions for prevention, control, and treatment of the disease. Further, the aggregated value of prevalence estimates calculated for a whole city or a larger geographical area does not provide the location of patients and presence of locally prevalent risk factors. The objective of this study was to understand the spatial distribution of COPD in a large, highly polluted city of a developing country.

Materials and Methods
A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted in the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCTD). All surveyed households were geocoded. GOLD screening criteria and pulmonary function tests using portable digital spirometer were used for diagnosis of COPD.

Results
Results are presented as a series of maps depicting spatial epidemiology. Overall prevalence rate was 9.8/1,000 population. Highest prevalence was seen in industrial area. Most of the spatial hotspots were seen in industrial and slum areas. Similarly, Kernel density was also highest in industrial area.

Conclusion
In the city of NCTD, we found the COPD being distributed in all types of habitations but spatial distribution helped us understand clustering of cases and compare prevalence rates in subunits of residential clusters within a metropolitan city.
Nucleotide Sequence Sharing between the Human Genome and Primers for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Detection
Authors: Kanduc Darja 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study shows that oligonucleotide sequences are shared between the human genome and primers that have been proposed/used for SARS-CoV-2 detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The high level of sharing (namely, up to 19mer with a maximum number of gaps equal to 2) might bear implications for the diagnostic validity of SARS-CoV-2 detection by PCR.
Synergy-Based Motor Therapy Inducing Favorable Changes in Motor Function Components among Poststroke Subjects: A Single-Group Study
Authors: Pandian Shanta , Arya Kamal Narayan , Kumar Vikas , Joshi Akshay Kumar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground Synergy is an outcome of multiple muscles acting in a synchronized pattern, controlled by the central nervous system. After brain insult, a set of deviated movement pattern emerges in the affected limb. The methods to train synchronization of muscles may diminish the deviated movement augmenting neuromotor control. The purpose of this investigation was to develop a synergy-based motor therapy (SBMT) protocol for the paretic upper limb in poststroke subjects. Further, the feasibility and effectiveness of the program was evaluated. .Methods The design was Pretest–posttest single-group assessor-blinded trial. Department of occupational therapy of a national institute for persons with physical disabilities was the study site. There were 40 study subjects (23 men, ranging from 40 to 60 years, 18 subjects with hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident, and > 6 months after the accident) exhibiting motor paresis of half side of the body. SBMT is a stage-specific regime based on the linkage between the deviated and usual muscle action. SBMT items were selected considering the strength and magnitude of the deviated motor components. The movement linkages were utilized to dissociate strong coupled components; for instance, forearm pronation-supination with elbow 90-degree flexion. Fugl-Meyer Assessment (upper extremity) (FMA-UE), Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), and Barthel Index (BI) were applied to quantify the motor status, motor functional ability of the upper extremity, and self-care activities, respectively.Results All the enrolled subjects could perform their corresponding SBMT sessions. Posttreatment, FMA-UE improved significantly (p < 0.001) from mean of 26.30 (standard deviation [SD] 15.02) to 35.20 (SD 17.64). Similarly, the WMFT both time (in seconds) and quality also positively improved significantly (p < .001) from mean of 76.77 (SD 54.73) to 64.07 (SD 56.99) and 1.34 (SD 1.06) to 1.87 (SD 1.34), respectively. BI improved from 79.88 (SD 17.07) to 92.62 (SD 21.2) after the intervention (p < 0.001).Conclusion SBMT protocol was a feasible and effective intervention to facilitate motor function components in chronic hemiparetic subjects. The regime could be considered as a potential intervention for stroke rehabilitation. Further trials and use of sophisticated measures are recommended to authenticate the outcome of this investigation.Clinical Trial Registration Clinical Trial Registry of India as CTRI/2017/10/010162 on October 23, 2017 (retrospectively).
Closure of Transsplenic Access Tracts Using Tract Embolics: Success, Clinical Outcomes, and Complications in a Tertiary Center
Authors: Rigual David , Chen Isaac , Roberts Dustin L. , Sayre James , Srinivasa Ravi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of transsplenic venous access closure.
Materials and Methods Twenty patients (mean age: 51.8 years; range: 28–72), underwent 21 transsplenic venous access procedures over 4 years in this retrospective study. Comorbidities, active hemorrhage, anticoagulation, coagulation parameters, platelets, indications for transsplenic access, needle gauge, sheath size, variceal embolization method, tract embolization method, bleeding complications, and transfusion requirements and additional procedures to manage bleeding complications were recorded.
Results Preprocedure comorbidities included portal hypertension (n = 18/20, 90%), portal vein thrombosis (n = 14/20, 70%), hemorrhage (n = 6/20, 30%), splenic vein thrombosis (n = 7/20, 35%), anticoagulation (n = 2/20, 10%), and sinistral portal hypertension (n = 2/20,10%). Mean baseline international normalized ratio was 1.3 (range: 1–1.9), platelets 122 (range: 18–492). Most common transsplenic access indications were gastric varices with nonpatent portosystemic shunt (n = 11/21, 52%) and portal vein targeting for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (n = 8, 38%). Most common access sheath sizes were 4-French (n = 5, 24%) and 6-French (n = 6, 29%). Fifteen procedures (71%) involved variceal embolization. Transsplenic tracts were embolized with microfibrillar collagen alone (n = 7), coils and microfibrillar collagen (n = 8), or others (n = 6). Based on the Society of Interventional Radiology adverse event classification system, embolization complications included one major (splenic artery pseudoaneurysm and a splenic vein pseudoaneurysm) and three moderate (19%) adverse bleeding events, which required blood transfusion.
Conclusion Transsplenic venous access tract embolization is a safe and moderately effective method to achieve tract hemostasis, with an overall clinical failure rate of 20%.