bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF SPORO-LEX AND ANALCIM-SI ON THE MICROFLORA OF THE BIRD'S GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
Authors: Tareq Yahya Al-Bkour 
Published: January 2022

The constant interaction between bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, intestinal epithelial cells and immune system cells is a continuous interaction that is central to maintaining immune homeostasis.
"Analtsim-Si" is a montmorillonite rock of Volodymyretsky field. Probiotic "Sporo-lex" is a mixture of probiotic cultures of Bacillus licheniformis VK-25 and Bacillus subtilis MK-3 on a natural standardized sorbent – montmorillonite rock of Volodymyretsky field. The subjects were laying hens of 130 days of age, Lohmann Brown cross (n = 30). The bird of the first group got compound feed with 2% of "Analtsim-Si", the bird of the second group got compound feed with 2% of the probiotic "Sporo-lex". The third group – was a control group and received the usual food.
Prior to the start of the study, as well as on days 7, 14 and 28, the bird was weighed, blood and feces were collected for the study. On the 27th day of the experiment, a pathological examination of birds from all groups was performed to study the patency of the gastrointestinal tract.
The effect of experimental veterinary drugs "Sporo-lex" and "Analtsim-Si" on the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract of poultry was established. The drug "Sporo-lex" has a more pronounced effect, which is manifested in the suppression of bacteria of the Escherichia coli group due to the antagonistic action of strains of Bacillus licheniformis VK-25 and Bacillus subtilis MK-3, which are part of the drugs.
The average growth of turkeys during the use of the probiotic "Sporo-lex" was studied. As a result of the conducted researches it was established that the bird of the experimental group at the end of the experiment had 470 grams more body weight compared to the control. During the autopsy of birds from both groups, no significant signs of pathology of organs and systems were detected.
In the future, it is necessary to study the effect of drugs "Sporo-lex" and "Analcym-Si" on the dynamics of changes in the immunological parameters of birds.
EXPERIENCE OF FORMATION OF STPATEGY OF PRIORITIES IN ACTIVITIES OF VETMEDICINE ENTERPRISES
Authors: Grymak A. V. , Kurylas L. V. , Seneshyna T. Ye. 
Published: January 2022

Practice confirms that every enterprise of veterinary medicine, as well as other branches of economy, cannot work effectively in market conditions without the developed strategy in which effective, payback priorities would be declared. This is important because in market conditions, companies are in ever-increasing technological requirements, the dynamics of the range of competitive products, strong competition, as well as the growing demands of consumers. Today, the market of products for veterinary medicine is focused mainly on manufacturers who have adequate, economically sound market motivation. Therefore, it is important for enterprises to work on the development and continuous improvement of priority areas of their development. And this, in turn, will contribute to the development of a model of effective management activities to solve important production problems, including the introduction of new technologies, the formation of promising areas of enterprise development in market conditions. It is the strategic priorities that should be the guideline for veterinary medicine enterprises in the short and long term.
The development of strategic priorities should be based on positive experience, the level of qualification of staff who should clearly understand the goals of the enterprise and be directly involved in optimizing all available resources, their efficient allocation and use (Dikan et al., 2013).
When setting priorities, it should be borne in mind that the markets for veterinary products coexist with other markets. This factor should be taken into account, because in such markets the presence of consumers is greater, respectively, and the diversity of their requests for different types of products presented in such markets is wider. And this reinforces the principles of competition, which producers should take into account when forming their priorities, focus on the production of high consumer quality products, appropriate price, which would satisfy consumers. Therefore, one of the key tasks of veterinary enterprises is the ability to assess their capabilities in a competitive environment.
Experience confirms that to be market participants and compete successfully can be those companies that organize their activities taking into account the prospects of development, see the priorities, and achieve them. The purpose of the study is to summarize the experience of leading enterprises of veterinary medicine of Ukraine in the formation and practical implementation of priorities for their development.
THE INFLUENCE OF KEEPING TECHNOLOGY ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNG CATTLE
Authors: Dudchenko Yu. 
Published: January 2022

Technology factors of keeping young cattle that influence the growth and development are considered in this work.
The research was conducted during 2020 in the conditions of Ukrainian farms for cattle breeding. Five experimental groups of five one-week-old calves in each and one control group were formed. Calves were kept separately in the same conditions, diet, but fed probiotics (1×109) Bacillus amyloliquefaciense, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus in the colostrum substitute for five grams per animal. The strains are deposited and produced by «Kronos Agro», Ukraine. The calves had free access to water and hay. Determination of live weight of calves was performed by individual weighing on scales with an accuracy of 1 kg. Weighing of animals was performed at the beginning of the study and every 10 days.
The task of the experiment was to create the most favorable housing conditions, so the calves of the experimental and control groups were kept in the same livestock house but in different cattle pens. According to the results of the research, it was established that the temperature and relative humidity in the room corresponded to the normative indicators and fluctuated only with the change of seasons. As the ventilation system in the calf is natural, the microbial pollution and the content of gases (carbon dioxide, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide) decreased or increased according to the change of the season. Summarizing the results, we can conclude that the microclimate in the livestock house for keeping calves met sanitary and hygienic standards.
After ten days of the experiment, the difference in mean live weight between groups did not exceed 5-7% and was not statistically significant. At 30 day of the study in the experimental group, where calves were given B. coagulans, the live weight was probably higher on 22,16 % and the average daily gain was higher on 24%, compared with the control group (* – р≤0,05). Slightly less difference in the group of calves which were feeding В. mucilaginosus, the live weight was higher by 18,5 % and the average daily gain by 16,9 %, compared with the control group (* - p≤0,05).
Studies have shown that the microclimate in the room for keeping calves met sanitary and hygienic standards and have not a negative impact on the growth and development of animals. It has also been shown that feeding the cultures of B. coagulans and В. mucilaginosus increased live weight of calves and average daily gain in young cattle.
MONITORING OF MICROELEMENTS AND INORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FEEDS AND FEED RAW MATERIALS OF DOMESTIC PRODUCTION 2019 YEAR
Authors: Zaritska Y. , Biront N. , Galaburda A. 
Published: January 2022

The article presents the results of research conducted at the State Research Control Institute of Veterinary Drugs and Feed Additives during 2019 year on the presence of trace elements and inorganic contaminants in feed and feed raw materials of domestic production. The analysis of 62 samples of feed for different species of farm animals and poultry and 25 samples of feed materials was performed. Sample preparation was performed by acid decomposition in nitric acid using a laboratory microwave system with closed autoclaves. The content of lead, cadmium, copper and zinc was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with electro thermal atomization. The copper content fluctuated within 1.2 - 42.8 mg/kg, the zinc content 13.6 - 251.0 mg/kg, the lead content 0.025 - 4.07 mg/kg, the cadmium content ranged from 0.0035 to 0.25 mg/kg in tested feed samples.
The content of lead was in the range of 0.018 - 0.42 mg/kg and of cadmium 0.027 - 0.92 mg/kg in studies feed materials. According to the obtained results, it was found that the zinc content exceeded the maximum permissible level in three samples of feed for pigs. This is 5% of the tested feed. The inorganic contaminants content (lead and cadmium) and copper did not exceed the maximum permissible levels in feed in our studies. The cadmium content exceeded the permissible levels in seven samples of feed materials. This is 28 % of the tested feed materials samples. The lead content did not violate the MLR in the study. Feed raw materials made from sunflower were contaminated, meal and cake namely. Among the contaminated samples, two samples contained three times more cadmium than the legal level. These results confirm the literature on the ability of sunflower to actively accumulate cadmium, in particular in seeds. Inspection of feed and feed materials demonstrates the need for more thorough and systematic control, both at the stage of cultivation and in the process of harvesting, drying and processing at different stages of feed production.
Hematological Profile of Patients with Dementia in South Punjab
Authors: Khalil Faiza , Samad Noreen , Hassan Sohaib , Ali Qureshi Muhammad , Numan Ahsan 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: A case-control study was conducted to find the prevalence of abnormal blood indices and electrolytes in patients with dementia.
Material & Methods: The levels of erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, electrolytes, and ESR were determined from the biochemistry lab. A t-test was applied to see the significance of the difference between each dementia patient group (Alzheimer Disease-AD, Parkinson’s Disease-PD, and Frontotemporal Dementia-FTD) with the control group for each CBC and electrolyte parameter
Results: In each patients’ groups (AD, PD, and FTD), the mean value of every erythrocyte was lower than the normal range. A significant difference existed for each erythrocyte between dementia patients and controls, except MCHC. Low levels were observed in neutrophils in all groups of dementia including control group. Very high levels were observed in ESR in all groups of dementia. Significant differences existed in the WBC levels between controls and AD as well as PD patients, in platelets between the control group and FTD patients, and in ESR in each group of dementia patients vs. control group. Normal values observed in all groups of dementia patients as well as in the control group.
Conclusion: We found low levels in erythrocytes in cases of Alzheimer disease, Parkinson’s disease, and frontotemporal dementia. Age-related changes to hematological indices especially related to RBCs, and inflammatory mediators like cytokines, hamper the microcirculation in the cerebral tissue leading to micro-infarcts or microbleeds which cause neuronal insults and parenchymal damage.
Comparison of Surgical versus Conservative Management of Borderline Traumatic Extradural Hematomas Without Neurological Deficit
Authors: Rehman Muhammad Abdur , Ali Nasir Mahmood , Abbas Talha , Zafar Khurram , Ahmad Haseeb , Tariq Qura Tul Ain , Ali Zain , Qasim Muhammad 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To compare the outcome of surgical versus conservative treatment of traumatic extradural hematoma in the supratentorial regin.
Material and Methods: It was a prospective randomized controlled trial conducted in Departments of Neurosurgery, Allied Hospitals, Faisalabad between December 2019 to November, 2020. A total of 100 patients Supratentorial EDH; fulfilling the selection criteria were enrolled. All patients underwent clinical and radiological assessment of EDH volume by the same neurosurgical team. The patients were then divided randomly into two groups by using the lottery methods. Group A patients were conservatively managed. Group B underwent surgery. All surgeries were done by the same surgical team. Glasgow outcome scale was noted in 5 days after admission or surgery in both groups.
Results: The patients average age was 29.96 years, male to female ratio was 1.7:1. The mean volume of hematoma was 24.68 and 27.56 in group A (conservative group) and Group B (operated group) respectively. The favorable outcome was noted in all the patients and no mortality occurred in any patients.
Conclusion: Both surgical and conservative treatments are equally effective in terms of a favorable outcome and mortality occurrence in management of traumatic EDH <30ml without neurological deficit. The conservative treatment is safe and cost-effective in borderline patients.
Spectrum of Spinal Dysraphism in Pediatric Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Khan Musawer , Hussain Arif , Gul Huma , Syed Ambreen 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: To report the spectrum of spinal dysraphism presenting in pediatric patients admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery Lady reading hospital Peshawar.
Material & Methods: A descriptive case series was conducted and total of 89 patients (age between 2 months to 12 years) were included who underwent the surgical treatment. All patients were examined for clinical and radiological diagnosis of spinal dysraphism.
Results: The average age at treatment was 23 ± 39.77 months. The most recurring (52.8%) presenting symptom was the swelling on the back followed by lower limb weakness. Meningocele was reported in 11.2%, myelomeningocele in 47.2%, myelomeningocele & hydrocephalus in 12.4%, tethered cord syndrome in 25.8%, and diastematomyelia 3.4% of patients. Excision combined with the repair was done in 58.4%, release & repair done in 29.2% and endoscopic third ventriculostomy/ventriculoperitoneal shunts with the repair were done in 12.4% patients. Cerebrospinal fluid leak was reported in 3.7%, wound infection in 4.5% and mortality was reported in 3.4% patients.
Conclusion: Overall, a good outcome was reported in the majority of our patients. Surgical procedures like myelomeningocele’s excision & repair, tethered cord’s release & repair, and ETV/VP shunt in patients with hydrocephalus can lead to satisfactory clinical outcomes.
Management and Outcome of Ruptured Anterior Circulation Cerebral Aneurysms – An Experience of Neurosurgery Department of Nawabshah
Authors: Arab Mallah Fahmida , Razaque Mari Abdul , Dilbar Muzammil , Raza Brohi Shams , Akbar Sheikh Hamid , Aamir Shah Syed , Mirbaher Imran 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: To analyze the management and outcome of ruptured anterior cerebral circulation aneurysm by a variety of procedures including microsurgical clipping.
Material and Methods: A quasi-experimental study, carried out in The Department of Neurosurgery, Peoples’ Medical University Hospital Nawabshah from November 2010 to December 2020.We enrolled 38 patients and 40 aneurysms who presented with ruptured aneurysms. Hunt and Hess grading was used to evaluate the neurological status and ruptured aneurysms were managed by microsurgical clipping, excision, and suture ligation.
Results: Out of 38 patients Male were (23) 61% and females were (15) 39%, with a mean age of 50±25 years with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and graded according to Hunt and Hess grade and fissure grading. Middle cerebral artery aneurysm was 45%, Anterior communicating artery 30%, Anterior Cerebral Artery 10%, carotid bifurcation 2.5%. Multiple aneurysms at internal carotid plus anterior communicating artery (n = 2) and internal carotid plus middle cerebral artery aneurysms n = 2. Distal anterior cerebral (n = 1). In 33 patients, the aneurysm was clipped, in 3 patients with fissure grading 4 and huge intracerebral bleed with signs of brain herniation, decompression plus aneurysm clipping was done, suture ligation (n = 1) and excision of a giant aneurysm (n = 3).
Conclusions: Microsurgical clipping is considered an ideal modality to secure a ruptured intracerebral aneurysm. Rarely it can be amendable by suture ligation, or excision. Presenting Hunt and Hess, fissure grading, age, and volume of intracerebral bleed have a direct impact on prognosis.
The Gross Total Resection and Molecular Markers in Grade II Glioma
Authors: Wadd Ijaz Hussain , Mukhtar Shahid , Arslan Haider Syed , Ijaz Sidra 
Published: January 2022

Objective: The study determined the importance of gross total resection in grade II Glioma and evaluated the importance of tumor markers as prognostic factors.
Material and Methods: We included the 240 patients aged 13 – 65 years with supratentorialsuspected low-grade Glioma. Craniotomy was done in all my patients under general anesthesia and excised the tumor safely with the help of a microscope and CUSA without causing any focal deficit or hemodynamic instability. The 3D conformal radiotherapy and or Temozolomide chemotherapy was started as advised by the oncologist, postoperatively. The 5 and 10 years’ overall survival and progression-free survival were evaluated in my study.
Results: Median age of the patients was 45 years. The 46.66% patients were IDH mutant Astrocytoma, 39.1 6% patients were IDH mutant Oligodendroglioma with loss of heterozygosity at I p/l9q levels, and 14.16% patients had IDH wild type Astrocytoma. The gross total resection was done in 113 patients, subtotal in 53 patients, partial resection in 45 patients, and biopsy in 29 patients. Postoperative radiotherapy was done in 170 patients and Temozolomide chemotherapy in 67 patients. The 5 and 10 years’ progression-free survival was 80% and 49% and overall survival was 86.3% and 67%. The 10 – year overall survival for Oligodendroglioma, the IDH mutant Astrocytoma, and IDH wild Astrocytoma were 93%, 61.6%, and 34.7% (respectively), and progression-free survival were 89.2%, 48%, and 34% (respectively).
Conclusion: The gross total resection of IDH mutant Astrocytoma had a good outcome.
Recurrent Cervical Neurofibrosarcoma: A Rare Case of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor of Head and Neck Region
Authors: Malik Mubashir , Ahmed Khan Zubair , Farooq Umer , Safdar Shehzad , Ur Rehman ASAD , Saleem Noman 
Published: January 2022

Neurofibrosarcoma is a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST). The cervical location of the neurofibrosarcoma is very rare and is less than 1% in the literature. MPNSTs are often associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). We are presenting a case report of 31 years old female, with huge recurrent cervical neurofibrosarcoma on the right side of the neck. To date, surgical excision followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the treatment of choice which requires a multidisciplinary approach. We excised the above-mentioned cervical neurofibrosarcoma in a piecemeal fashion and discharged the patient on follow-up with the oncology department.
Role of Decompressive Craniectomy in severe Traumatic Brain Injury: An Institutional Experience
Authors: Altaf Imran 
Published: January 2022

Objective: The present study was designed to assess the outcome following the Decompressive Craniectomy procedures performed in our setup for patients presenting with severe traumatic brain injury.
Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study wherein the medical records of adult patients that presented with an initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ? 8 and in whom decompressive craniectomy had been carried out for severe traumatic brain injury were retrospectively analyzed. Patients in whom decompressive craniectomy had been carried out for causes other than trauma and patients with initial GCS ? 9 were excluded from the study. The studied parameters included age, sex, initial GCS, computed tomography (CT) brain diagnosis, and the outcome according to the Glasgow coma outcome scale (GOS).
Results: The study included 12 patients, and of these 12 patients operated with Decompressive Craniectomy for severe traumatic brain injury only 2 survived. The mortality was 83.3%. The initial GCS and age were not statistically different between the survivors and the non-survivors. Based on the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) only 1 patient had a good outcome. Overall, an unfavorable outcome based on the GOS score was seen in 91.7% of patients.
Conclusion: Our study concludes that Decompressive Craniectomy is associated with high mortality in patients presenting with severe traumatic brain injury and does not seem to offer a better alternative to standard medical management.
The outcome of Posterio-lateral Decompression and Transpedicle Fixation for Thoracic Spine Tuberculosis
Authors: Khan Zahid , Sharafat Seema , Usman Muhammad , Azam Farooq , Tufail Ahmad Pir- , Gul Shumaila , Rehman Aziz-ur- 
Published: January 2022

Objective: The study assessed the outcome of posterio-lateral decompression and trans-pedicle fixation for thoracic spine tuberculosis.
Materials and Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Neurosurgery, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. All those patients who had undergone posterio-lateral decompression and trans-pedicle fixation for thoracic spine tuberculosis were included. Both genders with ages more than 14 years were included in our study. Ethical committee approval was taken. Pre-designed proforma was used for data entry. Patients’ data were analysed through SPSS software.
Results: A total of 31 patients with tuberculous spondylodiscitis were studied. The age ranged from 15 – 57 years with a mean of 37.74 ± 10.07 years. Most of the patients with thoracic TB were male 54.8% (17/31). Pain improved in all the patients and neurology improved in most of the cases. The dural tear was in one patient and one patient had a wound infection. There was no mortality.
Conclusions: We conclude from the study that posterior-lateral decompression and trans-pedicle fixation for thoracic spine tuberculosis is a safe procedure. It has good results in terms of pain relief and neurological improvement. This procedure has an acceptable complications rate. Therefore, it can be considered as a better alternative to other surgical procedures for thoracic spine tuberculosis.