bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Prospective Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of the Fluorouracil, Leucovorin, Oxaliplatin, and Docetaxel Chemotherapy Regimen in Patients with Locally Advanced and Metastatic Adenocarcinoma of Stomach
Authors: Srinivasalu Vijay Kumar , Philip Arun , Pillai Ranjini , Jose Wesley M. , Keechilat Pavithran 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction In India, patients with gastric cancer present at an advanced stage, and there is no standard chemotherapy regimen. Al-Batran's fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel (FLOT) chemotherapy gave us a glimmer of hope.
Objectives Hence, we intended to evaluate the efficacy of FLOT chemotherapy in locally advanced and metastatic adenocarcinoma of stomach.
Materials and Methods In this single-center, prospective cohort, patients with locally advanced and metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma who required chemotherapy between March 2016 and November 2017 were included in the study. All patients received standard FLOT chemotherapy. The primary objective was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of FLOT chemotherapy in the Indian population. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated through the plotted Kaplan–Meier curves.
Results In our study, 28 patients received FLOT chemotherapy. Their mean age was 55 years (range, 28–70 years) with a male preponderance (89.3%). Twenty-five patients had metastatic disease (89.3%), and three had locally advanced disease (10.7%). The median number of cycles was 4.5 (range, 1–8), and 75% received at least four cycles (n = 21). The hematological toxicities exhibited were neutropenia (50%) and febrile neutropenia (35.7%). Sixteen (57.1%) patients needed dose modifications due to treatment-related adverse effects (AEs). AEs led to treatment discontinuation in seven (25%) patients after the first cycle. The overall response rate in the intent-to-treat population was 52.7%, with the best-obtained response being a partial response, median PFS of 5 months, and median OS of 13 months.
Conclusion FLOT chemotherapy regimens induced excellent responses but with significantly increased toxicity, needing dose modifications, and hence, should be considered only in a young and fit patient.
Crude Extracts of Bacopa Monnieri Induces Dendrite Formation in Rodent Neural Stem Cell Cultures—A Possible Use in Neuronal Injury
Authors: Sarda Rohit Kumar , Sinha Rohan , Sherpa Mingma , Gupta Amlan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background Repair of nervous tissue injury impairs positive functional outcome. Major challenges involved are formation of new neuronal cells at the site of injury, growth and development of existing or stem cell-derived neuronal cells, and proper anatomical alignment of the cells required for the functional organization of the nervous system. Stem cells and various agents have been tried to overcome the above challenges yielding only limited positive results. Bacopa has been in frequent usage for cognitive impairment in Ayurvedic medicine. The assumption that Bacopa monnieri (BM) extracts may lead to certain specific changes at the cellular structural level benefitting the central nervous system repair, prompted us for the present study.

Objective This is an in vitro study evaluating the effect of BM extracts (bacopasides and analogues) on the neuronal stem cells (NSC) culture in various concentrations. The study investigates the possibility of BM as an agent for the regeneration and differentiation of nervous tissue injury. This may have clinical and therapeutic implications.

Materials and Methods NSC were harvested from the newborn albino rats, Rattus norvegicus, and the BM extracts were obtained from product “brahmi” manufactured by Himalaya Drug Company. Aqueous suspension of 2 μL of alcoholic extract of BM was locally added to the culture plates of NSC in concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 µg/mL after development of NSC in the media. The control NSC (without BM) and BM-rich NSC were simultaneously observed at regular unit intervals after inoculation. The morphological change in the NSC were observed and recorded.

Result NSC could be successfully cultured from the newborn rat's brain harvested at 3 and 6 hours of birth. NSCs derived at 3 hours of birth were more primitive (predominantly neurospheres) than derived those at 6 hours of birth. BM had significant positive effect on the neurospheres, that is, dendritic formation was seen in the NSC predominating when 2 μL of suspensions containing 5 and 10 µg/mL concentration of the extracts were used but showed relatively lesser effect at concentration of 20 µg/mL. The positive effect was biologically significant.

Conclusion NSC can be cultured from brain of the newborn rodent. BM and its extracts act positively on NSC in terms of dendritic formation when used in proper appropriate concentration. The study opens up a new area of research and explores newer avenues in nervous tissue injury repair. It may have future clinical implication in the treatment of injury of central and peripheral nervous tissue. However, the hypothesis needs to be validated by adequate number of experimental runs as well as in vivo studies to know the reproducibility of the findings in other centers.
Outcomes after Thymectomy in Patients with Thymomatous Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Rabiou Sani , Toudou-Daouda Moussa , Lakranbi Marwane , Issoufou Ibrahim , Ouadnouni Yassine , Smahi Mohamed 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives This article describes the clinical outcomes after thymectomy in patients with thymomatous myasthenia gravis (T-MG) managed in the department of thoracic surgery of Hassan II University Hospital of Fez, Fez, Morocco.

Materials and Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of medical records of 16 patients with T-MG between January 2009 and January 2017.

Results There were 11 women and 5 men with a median age of 40 years at the thymectomy time and a median time of onset of symptoms to thymectomy of 12 months. At the preoperative evaluation (Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America [MGFA] clinical classification), 7 patients were class II, 7 class III, and 2 class IV. Nine patients were in Masaoka stage I, and the remaining 7 patients stage II. We recorded one case of postoperative myasthenic crisis. At 3 years of follow-up after thymectomy, 6 patients had complete stable remission and the other 10 patients improved. Of these patients with clinical improvement, 6 patients were in MGFA class I and the remaining 4 patients class II.

Conclusion The present study shows the beneficial effect of thymectomy in patients with T-MG. Postoperative clinical outcomes seem to be better when the preoperative severity of myasthenic symptoms is mild (MGFA class II).
Late-Onset Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome with Chromosome 15q Duplication in Sisters
Authors: Honorato Marcos Manoel , Santos Adriane Cristina Vieira dos , da Silva Felipe Luan Lima , Cremaschi Renata Carvalho , Coelho Fernando Morgadinho 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Our study reports two nontwin sisters with late-onset Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and chromosome 15q duplication, showing the evolution, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of these patients, with the aim of increasing knowledge about this extremely rare association. They had a variety of generalized seizures types, intellectual disability, electroencephalogram with generalized epileptiform discharges less than 3 Hz, dysmorphisms, and genetic studies with the presence of duplicated chromosome 15. Cases reported here may be related to chromosomal changes inherited from their asymptomatic mother.
Is Non-Restorative Cavity Treatment a Practical Choice in Primary Teeth?
Authors: Shetty Amarshree A. , Acharya Aditi , R. Manju 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFor years, “extension for prevention” was considered as the standard protocol for the restoration of caries. With advances in the field of cariology regarding the biofilm and improvement in materials, this perspective is being challenged. This is being challenged by more biological and less-invasive approaches, where the emphasis is on biofilm alteration to arrest carious lesions. This minimally invasive intervention is based on the concept that biofilm overlying the carious lesion is a driving force for the carious process and not the bacteria present in the infected dentin. Hence, daily removal or disruption of this biofilm will slow down the carious process or bring it to halt.One such approach is non-restorative cavity treatment, where no caries is removed but lesions are made self-cleansable that allows it to be brushed by the parent or the child. This wholesome approach targets the disease at a causal level.This review of literature describes the various advantages and limitations of this technique and the practicability of its use in pediatric patients during the pandemic COVID-19.
A Novel Tool to Predict Postoperative Opioid Need after Laparoscopic Appendectomy in Children: A Step toward Evidence-Based Pain Management
Authors: Unglert Ann-Katrin , Lehnick Dirk , Szavay Philipp O. , Zundel Sabine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground Optimizing postoperative pain treatment is essential to minimize morbidity, lower costs, and ensure patient and parent satisfaction. This study aims at identifying pre- and intraoperative parameters predicting opioid needs after laparoscopic appendectomy to enable timely and adequate postoperative pain control.Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis of patients treated with laparoscopic appendectomy for appendicitis between January 2018 and March 2019 was performed. Multiple logistic regression was applied to identify predictors of opioid demand.Results Based on our analysis, we developed a prediction tool for opioid requirements after laparoscopic appendectomies in children. The integrated parameters are: presence of turbid fluid, age, white-blood-cell count, symptom duration, and body temperature.Conclusion We developed an algorithm-based predictor tool that has the potential to better anticipate postoperative pain and, thereby, optimize pain management following laparoscopic appendectomies in children. The proposed predictor tool will need validation through further prospective studies.
Structural Brain Lesions in Epilepsy Patients: An Experience from Northeast India
Authors: Synmon Baiakmenlang , Phukan Pranjal , Singh Binoy K. , Hussain Musharraf , Sharma Shri Ram , Hynniewta Yasmeen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this article was to study the various structural causes and role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in epilepsy patients.
Materials and Methods A 4-year retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Northeast India. The MRI brain findings of epilepsy patient were collected and analyzed for the years 2017 to 2020.
Result A total of 630 patients of epilepsy underwent MRI brain with normal findings noted in 280 patients (44.4%). The other groups of 350 epilepsy patients (55.5%) had abnormal MRI brain findings and were included in the study with a minimum age of 2-month old and a maximum of 80 years. The most common abnormal MRI finding belongs to the infectious group (33.7%), with neurocysticercosis being the most common infectious etiology (p-value < 0.001). Gliosis was seen in 57 patients (16.3%), mostly in the middle-aged group. Vascular etiology was seen in 44 patients (12.6%), mostly in the middle-aged group. Features of hypoxic brain injury was seen in 26 patients (7.4%), mostly among patients of <18 years age. Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy was seen in 45 patients (12.9%), mostly seen in the adolescent. Neuronal migration defect was seen in 23 patients (6.5%), mostly among adolescent and young adults. Other abnormal MRI findings were tumor in 8 patients (2.3%), diffuse gyral swelling in 11 patients (3.1%), Rasmussen encephalitis in 4 patients (1.1%), neurocutaneous syndrome in 4 patients (1.1%), radiation necrosis and cyst in 1 patient each, Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome in 3 patients, moyamoya disease in 1 patient, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in 2 patients, and vasculitis in 4 patients.
Conclusion MRI brain is the key investigation to identify the epileptic focus in epilepsy patients helping in their further treatment and prognosis.
Investigation of the microstructure and tribological properties of CNTs/Ni composites prepared by electrodeposition
Authors: Yang Ping , Wang Ning , Zhang Jian , Lei Yun , Shu Baipo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Here, numerous oxygen-containing functional groups were grafted onto the surface of CNTs to improve their dispersibility in an electrolyte. The CNTs were characterized by FT-IR, Raman, XPS, FE-SEM, and TEM. The results revealed that the dispersibility of the functionalized CNTs in the composites was better than unfunctionalized CNTs. CNTs/Ni composites were deposited on a copper plate by pulsed electrodeposition and ultrasonic dispersion using an electrolytic bath with CNTs concentrations from 0 to 2 g l−1. The friction and wear behavior of the composite coatings were assessed using two different methods. In the first method, the coatings were scratched with a progressively higher load from 0–100 N, and the results demonstrate a 10 percent reduction in the coefficient of friction (COF) of the composite compared to pure nickel. The other method involved applying a constant load of 30 N, the COF and microscopic wear mechanism were investigated at different carbon nanotube contents, and the results confirmed that the COF of the composites was gradually reduced with the increase of carbon nanotube mass concentration, and the COF was only 0.343 when the carbon nanotube content was increased to 2 g l−1. According to the XRD results, increasing the CNTs contents changed the preferred growth orientation. Moreover, the FE-SEM images of the wear surface of the 1 g l−1 CNTs/Ni sample indicated that it had the best wear resistance and showed the smoothest wear trace without apparent cracks. The addition of CNTs enhanced the wear resistance of the nickel matrix due to the superior mechanical strength and lubricating effect of the CNTs. CNTs exposed to the matrix surface reduced the direct contact between the Ni matrix and the friction pair, acted as lubricants, and reduced the wear rate.
Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) porous structures: from multi-scale design, precise additive manufacturing to multidisciplinary applications
Authors: Feng Jiawei , Fu Jianzhong , Yao Xinhua , He Yong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Inspired by natural porous architectures, numerous attempts have been made to generate porous structures. Owing to the smooth surfaces, highly interconnected porous architectures, and mathematical controllable geometry features, triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) is emerging as an outstanding solution to constructing porous structures in recent years. However, many advantages of TPMS are not fully utilized in current research. Critical problems of the process from design, manufacturing to applications need further systematic and integrated discussions. In this work, a comprehensive overview of TPMS porous structures is provided. In order to generate the digital models of TPMS, the geometry design algorithms and performance control strategies are introduced according to diverse requirements. Based on that, precise additive manufacturing methods are summarized for fabricating physical TPMS products. Furthermore, actual multidisciplinary applications are presented to clarify the advantages and further potential of TPMS porous structures. Eventually, the existing problems and further research outlooks are discussed.
Critical Darlings, Critical Dogs: Joseph O’Neill and What Contemporary Criticism Doesn’t Want
Authors: Wasserman Sarah 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis essay argues that the drive within literary studies to name new paradigms obscures key historical continuities in contemporary fiction. To explore this problem, I turn to Joseph O’Neill’s The Dog (2014), a novel mostly panned or ignored by critics. The Dog courts its status as an outcast by confounding readers’ expectations of novelty. It refuses to showcase supposed aesthetic progress made in the wake of postmodernism. It also forces readers to revisit the Reagan-Thatcher years, bearing us backward on an economic tide when we hoped that culture, technology, and literature might be hurtling us forward. O’Neill’s satire bites heralds of experimental fiction by challenging the belief that new novelistic techniques could alter neoliberal market societies. The Dog attends to new forms of global transit and digital media, but insists that its own aesthetic horizons are still shaped by economic formations and literary forms that coalesced during the 1980s. Its failure to gain academic adherents reveals two underlying urges on the part of the critical establishment: the urge to transcend the stale horizons of the postmodern through novel periodization and the urge to exit the neoliberal order through art.
Intraoperative robotic-assisted low anterior rectal resection performance assessment using procedure-specific binary metrics and a global rating scale
Authors: Gómez Ruiz Marcos , Tou Samson , Gallagher Anthony G. , Cagigas Fernández Carmen , Cristobal Poch Lidia , Matzel Klaus E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to evaluate the use of binary metric-based (proficiency-based progression; PBP) performance assessments and global evaluative assessment of robotic skills (GEARS) of a robotic-assisted low anterior rectal resection (RA-LAR) procedure.

Method
A prospective study of video analysis of RA-LAR procedures was carried out using the PBP metrics with binary parameters previously developed, and GEARS. Recordings were collected from five novice surgeons (≤30 RA-LAR previously performed) and seven experienced surgeons (&gt;30 RA-LAR previously performed). Two consultant colorectal surgeons were trained to be assessors in the use of PBP binary parameters to evaluate the procedure phases, surgical steps, errors, and critical errors in male and female patients and GEARS scores. Novice and experienced surgeons were categorized and assessed using PBP metrics and GEARS; mean scores obtained were compared for statistical purpose. Also, the inter-rater reliability (IRR) of these assessment tools was evaluated.

Results
Twenty unedited recordings of RA-LAR procedures were blindly assessed. Overall, using PBP metric-based assessment, a subgroup of experienced surgeons made more errors (20 versus 16, P = 0.158) and critical errors (9.2 versus 7.8, P = 0.417) than the novice group, although not significantly. However, during the critical phase of RA-LAR, experienced surgeons made significantly fewer errors than the novice group (95% CI of the difference, Lower = 0.104 – Upper = 5.155, df = 11.9, t = 2.23, p = 0.042), and a similar pattern was observed for critical errors. The PBP metric and GEARS assessment tools distinguished between the objectively assessed performance of experienced and novice colorectal surgeons performing RA-LAR (total error scores with PBP metrics, P = 0.019–0.008; GEARS scores, P = 0.029–0.025). GEARS demonstrated poor IRR (mean IRR 0.49) and weaker discrimination between groups (15–41 per cent difference). PBP binary metrics demonstrated good IRR (mean 0.94) and robust discrimination particularly for total error scores (58–64 per cent).

Conclusions
PBP binary metrics seem to be useful for metric-based training for surgeons learning RA-LAR procedures.
Control of fibrosis and hypertrophic scar formation via glycolysis regulation with IR780
Authors: Meng Xinxian , Yu Zhixi , Xu Wanyu , Chai Jun , Fang Shuo , Min Peiru , Chen Yunsheng , Zhang Yixin , Zhang Zheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Hypertrophic scars (HS) represent one of the most common clinical challenges due to unsatisfactory therapeutic results. HS formation is associated with the abnormal activation of fibroblasts and their excessive fibrotic behavior. Glycolysis dysregulation has been shown to participate in the incidence and progression of various fibrotic diseases and shows potential as a means of controlling HS formation. This work aimed to discuss the impact of augmented glycolysis on HS and to propose a method for controlling HS formation through glycolysis regulation.

Methods
Here, augmented glycolysis was confirmed together with enhanced fibrotic activity in both HS fibroblasts (HFs) and HS tissues, and the suppression of glycolysis also attenuated fibroblast activation. We also introduced IR780, a heptamethine cyanine dye, to regulate glycolysis for the control of HS formation.

Results
In vitro, cell studies indicated that IR780 significantly down-regulated glycolysis and suppressed the fibrotic activity of HFs. In vivo, the intralesional injection of IR780 into rabbit HS models led to the downregulation of glycolysis and the control of HS formation. Furthermore, IR780 accumulated preferentially in activated fibroblasts in both in vitro and in vivo studies, and thus specifically downregulated glycolysis and efficiently controlled fibrosis by targeting activated fibroblasts.

Conclusions
This work identified a strategy for controlling fibrosis and HS formation from the perspective of glycolysis regulation with IR780 targeting of activated fibroblasts.
A certain idea of ‘Le Sport français’: the monument Frantz Reichel and the contest for the soul of French sport
Authors: Levett Geoffrey 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The French sportsman Frantz Reichel (1871–1932) was the leading sporting intellectual in France in the early twentieth century. His thought had a lasting effect on public policy beyond his sudden death in 1932. An Olympic athlete, he was the strongest advocate of the ideology of amateurism between the wars. Using his position as sports editor of Le Figaro and as the head of the Comité Olympique Français, he defended his ideology against attacks from socialist critics as well as those on the extreme right who advocated professionalism in team sports. The monument erected to him in the west of Paris acted as a symbolic place of ritual for those who supported the ideology of amateurism and a return to what they considered to be the traditional values of France. Despite the monument’s partial destruction in 1941, Reichel’s ideas had a direct influence on the Vichy regime’s sporting révolution nationale.
The Challenges in Balancing National Interests and Global Responsibilities in South Korea’s Refugee Policy
Authors: Schattle Hans , Seo Yeojin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study offers a critical analysis of refugee policy in the Republic of Korea (South Korea) since the national government in 2013 enacted a law intended to improve its treatment of refugees and asylum seekers and align itself more closely with the principles of the 1951 Refugee Convention. The article begins by focusing on a major controversy that arose in 2018, following the arrival of more than 500 asylum seekers from Yemen, an episode that revealed how considerable public antipathy toward refugees presents a social and cultural problem for South Korea as it charts a course for improvement of its treatment of refugees. The analysis then turns to numerous problems at the nexus of law and society that continue to plague the refugee status determination process and, in many instances, to deny basic rights to a rapidly growing number of asylum seekers in South Korea. The article concludes by showing how, despite these problems, South Korea is better positioned than many of the world’s more affluent constitutional democracies to harmonize its national interests with its responsibilities to make a meaningful contribution to ongoing global efforts to protect and accommodate refugees.