bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Ionic Soil Stabilizer (Iss 2500) Terhadap Nilai Durabilitas Tanah Lempung Plastisitas Rendah Pada Perkerasan Jalan
Authors: Oktavia Amelia , Adha Idharmahadi , Setyanto Setyanto 
Published: January 2022

Various methods of soil stabilizations in Indonesia are more increasingly used for soil quality improvement, one of the methods is using chemically additive materials with ISS 2500 (Ionic Soil Stabilizer). This chemical solution is able to cover soil particles through electro-chemical reactions, so that the water content is separated and cohesion among soil particles is strengthened. However, unstable weather and temperature changes (durability) in forms of rainfall and heat influence and cause soil defects especially in road construction. In this reseach, the tested soil was clay with low plasticity from Karang Anyar region in Lampung Selatan regency, and mixed with 0.9 ml of ISS 2500 solution content the ISS optimum content. To enable reactions between soil and ISS 2500, the mixed soil was treated in 18 days with durability treatment and cycles addition; 0,2,4, and 6 cycles. The laboratory results indicated that CBR test in cycle 0, 2, 4, and 6 obtained 8%, 7.6%, 5.7%, and 5.1% respectively. The CBR value of the mix decreased regularly along with given amounts of additional cycles. However, the overall CBR value of the stabilization of low plasticity clay with an ISS of 2500 (Ionic Soil Stabilizer) can meet the requirements of Bina Marga as subgrade, because the CBR value obtained is greater than 5% even though it is given cycle treatment. The ISS 2500 material can be used as an alternative stabilization material for the improvement of the subgrade.
Sex-related differences in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: results of the Cardio-COVID-Italy multicentre study
Authors: Lombardi Carlo Mario , Specchia Claudia , Conforti Fabio , Rovere Maria Teresa La , Carubelli Valentina , Agostoni Piergiuseppe , Carugo Stefano , Danzi Gian Battista , Guazzi Marco , Mortara Andrea , Piepoli Massimo , Porto Italo , Sinagra Gianfranco , Volterrani Maurizio , Ameri Pietro , Gnecchi Massimiliano , Leonardi Sergio , Merlo Marco , Iorio Annamaria , Bellasi Antonio , Canale Claudia , Camporotondo Rita , Catagnano Francesco , Dalla Vecchia Laura Adelaide , Di Pasquale Mattia , Giovinazzo Stefano , Maccagni Gloria , Mapelli Massimo , Margonato Davide , Monzo Luca , Nuzzi Vincenzo , Oriecuia Chiara , Pala Laura , Peveri Giulia , Pozzi Andrea , Provenzale Giovanni , Sarullo Filippo , Adamo Marianna , Tomasoni Daniela , Inciardi Riccardo Maria , Senni Michele , Metra Marco 
Published: January 2022

Introduction
The role of sex compared to comorbidities and other prognostic variables in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is unclear.

Methods
This is a retrospective observational study on patients with COVID-19 infection, referred to 13 cardiology units. The primary objective was to assess the difference in risk of death between the sexes. The secondary objective was to explore sex-based heterogeneity in the association between demographic, clinical and laboratory variables, and patients’ risk of death.

Results
Seven hundred and one patients were included: 214 (30.5%) women and 487 (69.5%) men. During a median follow-up of 15 days, deaths occurred in 39 (18.2%) women and 126 (25.9%) men. In a multivariable Cox regression model, men had a nonsignificantly higher risk of death vs. women (P = 0.07).
The risk of death was more than double in men with a low lymphocytes count as compared with men with a high lymphocytes count [overall survival hazard ratio (OS-HR) 2.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.72–3.81]. In contrast, lymphocytes count was not related to death in women (P = 0.03).
Platelets count was associated with better outcome in men (OS-HR for increase of 50 × 103 units: 0.88 95% CI 0.78–1.00) but not in women. The strength of association between higher PaO2/FiO2 ratio and lower risk of death was larger in women (OS-HR for increase of 50 mmHg/%: 0.72, 95% CI 0.59–0.89) vs. men (OS-HR: 0.88, 95% CI 0.80–0.98; P = 0.05).

Conclusions
Patients’ sex is a relevant variable that should be taken into account when evaluating risk of death from COVID-19. There is a sex-based heterogeneity in the association between baseline variables and patients’ risk of death.
The Geography of Demilitarisation: Do Regional Economic Disparities Affect the Spatial Distribution of Military Base Closures?
Authors: ŽEnka Jan , Pernica Bohuslav , KofroŇ Jan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Very few researchers have focused on the question of: if and to what extent, regional economic disparities affect military base closures. In this paper, we aim to explain regional patterns of military base closures in the Czech Republic, a country that has experienced a sharp decline in military employment and expenditures since the beginning of 1990s. Three groups of predictors of closure were considered: local (size, age, location and hierarchical position of the military base); regional (wages, unemployment, city size, the initial level of militarisation of the district); and national-level predictors (geostrategic priorities and restructuring of the Czech Armed Forces). Our research is informed by the theory of public choice and its application to the decision-making processes concerning military base closures and realignments. We employed a combination of regression models to determine which group of the above-mentioned factors affected the spatial distribution of military bases in the period 1994–2005. While geostrategic factors (such as distance from the border with West Germany) and restructuring of the army (type of a military base) were the most important, regional economic disparities showed no significant correlation with the intensity of military base closures/downsizing. We did not demonstrate that military bases in economically lagging regions had been systematically protected in the Czech Republic.
Numerical study on stress paths in grounds reinforced with long and short CFG piles during adjacent rigid retaining wall movement
Authors: Uge Bantayehu Uba , Guo Yuancheng , Liu Yunlong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Ensuring the safety of existing structures is an important issue when planning and executing adjacent new foundation pit excavations. Hence, understanding the stress state conditions experienced by the soil element behind a retaining wall at a given location during different excavation stages has been a key observational modelling aspect of the performance of excavations. By establishing and carrying out sophisticated soil–structure interaction analyses, stress paths render clarity on soil deformation mechanism. On the other hand, column-type soft ground treatment has recently got exceeding attention and practical implementation. So, the soil stress–strain response to excavation-induced disturbances needs to be known as well. To this end, this paper discusses the stress change and redistribution phenomena in a treated ground based on 3D numerical analyses. The simulation was verified against results from a 1 g indoor experimental test conducted on composite foundation reinforced with long and short cement–fly ash–gravel (CFG) pile adjacent to a moving rigid retaining wall. It was observed that the stress path for each monitoring point in the shallow depth undergoes a process of stress unloading at various dropping amounts of principal stress components in a complex manner. The closer the soil element is to the wall, the more it experiences a change in principal stress components as the wall movement progresses; also, the induced stress disturbance weakens significantly as the observation point becomes farther away from the wall. Accordingly, the overall vertical load-sharing percentage of the upper soil reduces proportionally.
The Great Depression in the Eyes of the Silesian Christian Democrats
Authors: Danowska-Prokop Barbara 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Goal – The great depression forced changes in the economic program of the Christian Democracy (Silesian Christian Democrats). Indicating the exceptional role of the Upper Silesian heavy industry in the economic potential of the Second Polish Republic, the program emerged from the criticism of the Sanation (Sanacja in Polish) program of surviving the crisis.

Research method – The study analyzes archival sources and literature on the subject, as well as statistical data.

Results – In the years of the great depression, official state authorities, as well as individual political groups formulated their own programs for overcoming the economic difficulties that were faced. Christian Democracy was one of these groups, but its program to combat the crisis was limited only to ad hoc measures aimed at mitigating the negative effects of the crisis. The activists of the Silesian Christian Democrats did not properly interpret the sources of economic difficulties, as they did not understand the core of the problem.
The Impact of the Economic Crisis on Social Policy in Interwar Poland
Authors: Grata Paweł 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to determine how the economic crisis, and the ad hoc attempts made by the authorities to counteract it, affected the Polish society and, above all, to prepare a multidimensional analysis of how the crisis impacted systemic changes in the Polish social policy. The author will examine both positive changes that followed the relevant global trends and also negative changes that resulted from the developmental lag, the country’s economic situation and especially the generally low involvement of the state via public funding in activities that were part of the state’s social policy.
Assessment of Polish social policy during the crisis must be ambiguous. On the one hand, systemic changes in social policy introduced as a result of the economic collapse can be clearly distinguished, on the other hand, however, the severity of the crisis visibly affected many activities of state and local governments in the social sphere. These activities posed unsuccessful attempts to rescue the situation in the labour market. Additionally, an effective response to deepening poverty was missing, amendments adopted to labour legislation were disadvantageous to employees, and finally fundamental sacrifices in terms of social policy were made as the lawmakers passed the Unification Act during the crisis. Polish social policy was unable, for a number of reasons, to essentially redefine its approach to addressing the numerous social issues it had to face.
Values as Timeless Foundations of Today’s Economy – A Remedy for a Crisis in Economic Sciences
Authors: Kargol-Wasiluk Aneta , Mak Mariusz , Zalesko Marian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The presented paper refers to values as the timeless foundations of modern economics, and also to ethical limitations in the sphere of economic research, especially in the mainstream. The character of the paper is a review. The aim of the research is an attempt to show the fundamental importance of values, often rooted in history, for the development of modern economics and to present a remedy for the current analytical problems of economic sciences – considering the importance of axiology in economic research. The paper is divided into three main parts: introduction – theoretical considerations on the basis of the humanistic perspective of economics; first chapter – the place of values in philosophical and economic considerations, and second chapter – axiology as a complement to the gap in economic research (response to the crisis in the field of economic research). The authors proved that in the face of great crises, including the last one, which is the coronavirus crisis, there is an urgent need to extend economic analysis with values, which would make the science of economics more mature, perceiving an individual as an entity guided by a whole spectrum of principles. It is therefore necessary to go beyond the canon of rigid thinking, because otherwise we are threatened not only with the collapse of the economy, but the entire civilisation of the West. In this regard, let us provide a wider field for ethical analysis!
The Logic of Gig Economy (Origins and Growth Prospects)
Authors: Ostoj Izabela 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The 2007+ crisis led to an increase in occasional and task work, which unleashed the potential of new technological and organizational solutions. The advancements in digital technological platforms stimulated the growth of the segment referred to as gig economy. The article aims to apply a systematic approach to the driving forces behind the emergence of gig economy and its success to date and to assess its development prospects. It argues to confirm the thesis that gig economy has its own inherent logic, while it remains part of the multi-stage process of the evolution of employee-employer relations, from the industrial stage to the digital era to platform-mediated work. Based on the analysis of the current world literature, the article posits that gig economy, as the next stage of development, has significantly reduced the quality of work, but it may also not meet the individual needs of the contemporary consumer. This increases the likelihood of the need for its change. The article also envisages the direction of this change towards post-platform economy based on distributed market spaces and provides the characteristics of its determinants, including social capital and a sense of individual entrepreneurship. The primary methods used in the study involved analysis and critique of the current world literature as well as the method of analysis and logical construction.
Gender and Economic Downturn. The Focus on Women and the Pandemic Crisis
Authors: Tusińska Magdalena 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The goal of the paper is to consider whether women are vulnerable or protected on the labour market during the pandemic crisis, seeking answers in the wider context of previous downturns and economic theory. In times of crisis, female employment is likely to be more susceptible to cuts, for several reasons explained i.a. by the flexible buffers hypothesis or sex segregation hypothesis. Since the pandemic crisis is still unfolding, many of its effects are still unknown but it can be expected that the COVID-19 crisis may have an unequal impact on women and men. Additional challenges in this crisis can be found in the home. Gender effects vary across EU countries, however, it is essential to develop at both the European and national level effective policy responses leading to gender balance in various dimensions (including paid and unpaid work).
Quality of Information Disclosed in Integrated Reports, in the Extracting Sector: Insights from Europe
Authors: Zanellato Gianluca 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The study explores to what extent are extracting organizations from the European region, disclosing relevant information about social and environmental practices. To pursue the current exploratory study, a qualitative approach composed of two steps is performed. The first is a content analysis of 15 oil & gas and mining organizations integrated reports proposing a compliance exercise toward the International Integrated Reporting Framework. Then in the second one, the integrated reports of our sample are analyzed using MAXQDA, with the extent to which social and environmental references are positive, neutral, or negative. Thus, the present paper represents the first attempt in qualitative studies in Integrated Reporting with a specific focus on extracting sector. Our results demonstrate that the analyzed sample discloses more information related to the environment than social disclosure.
National Industry 4.0 Platforms in the Visegrad 4 Countries – A Comparison with the Frontrunner Digital Economies in Europe
Authors: Gyimesi Áron 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Based on the international digitization indexes, the development level of digitalization in the Visegrad Four (V4) countries is similar in many respects. The status of the recent digital developments is comparable in results and in deficits also. These economies have similar inescapable paths in the past and further development opportunities in the future. The economic success of these four countries greatly depends on the transformation of their economic structures, mainly by utilizing digitalization. This study compares the approaches, activities and initiatives of the national Industry 4.0 platforms of the V4 countries that promote and support the digital transformation on the national strategic level. The study also highlights the results that have already been achieved by the members of the European Quartet. These four countries have reached good results in digital infrastructure investments. Meanwhile, they are left behind in skillsets, education and adoption of companies, regarding their digital transformation. Beside the direct comparison of the four Industry 4.0 platforms, the study extends the research to three of the Frontrunner countries of the EU in digitalization, namely to Austria, Germany, Sweden, to understand the best practices they use and actions they take regarding the digitalization. The paper formulates guidelines for defining competitive policies and techniques for accelerating the digitalization of the V4 economies. The study lists the pain points of the V4 digitalization and makes suggestions on recoveries, mainly on the field of the potential involvement of companies and the financing of the national I40 platforms.
Green Brand Positioning for Organic Food: A Content Analysis of Corporate Websites
Authors: Stoica Mihai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to provide a perspective on the positioning bases of the green brands present on the organic food market. The research method is the content analysis of secondary data sources. The study was based on the analysis of the informational content available on the corporate websites of green brands in the portfolio of processing companies present on the Romanian market. This study identified 18 positioning bases for the investigated green brands. The positioning bases belong mainly to the category of attributes, these being in particular specific characteristics of organic food. The study notes the existence of specific positioning bases for organic food brands. The results can help practitioners to communicate brand positioning in the online environment by developing appropriate strategies.
The Fourth Industrial Revolution: Exploring the Determinants of Internet Access in Emerging Economies
Authors: Mhlanga David , Beneke John 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
With the rapid developments and changes in technology in the Fourth Industrial Revolution being witnessed everywhere, this study aimed to investigate the factors that influence access to the internet by households in emerging economies with a direct focus on South Africa one of the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Access to broadband facilities by individuals, households and consumers is one of the critical components of the economic growth and prosperity of a country. It is generally believed that the access to broadband technologies by a community or nation helps to increase productivity which assists a lot in fueling economic growth which will have an impact on the levels of poverty. Using the logistic regression, the study found out that race, access to telephone landline, access to a cellular cellphone, access to electricity, owning a house, gender, age of the household head, net household income per month, and household expenditure were the significant variables in influencing the demand for internet access by households in emerging economies. The factors that were more important in the influence on access to the internet were the availability of electricity and access to a cellphone. Therefore, the study concludes that to improve the quality of life of the people, it is imperative that the governments across the world, do invest more in improving access to quality internet, but one of the prerequisites is that households should have a stable electricity supply and they have access to cellphones.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENGEMBANGAN KARIR DAN MOTIVASI KERJA SERTA IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA DINAS PEKERJAAN UMUM DAN PENATAAN RUANG KABUPATEN LAMPUNG UTARA
Authors: Mustakim Senen 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengembangan karir dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang Kabupaten Lampung Utara. Adapun jenis Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model penelitian Explanatory. Penelitian ini menggunakan 117 responden penelitian. Ada tiga variabel dalam penelitian ini yaitu: 2 (dua) Variabel bebas (X1 dan X2) dan 1 (satu) variabel terikat dimana pengembangan karir (X1) dan motivasi kerja (X2) sebagai variabel bebas dan kinerja pegawai (Y) sebagai variabel terikat. Berdasarkan analisis data telah ditemukan jawaban hipotesis yakni sebagai berikut; Terdapat pengaruh pengembangan karir (X1) terhadap kinerja pegawai (Y), dengan tingkat pengaruh sebesar 33,9%. Terdapat pengaruh motivasi kerja (X2) terhadap kinerja pegawai (Y) dengan tingkat pengaruh sebesar 30,8%. Terdapat pengaruh pengembangan karir (X1) dan motivasi kerja (X2) secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja pegawai (Y) dengan tingkat pengaruh sebesar 35,1%.
ANALISIS STRATEGI BISNIS PADA PT. ERA GLOBAL PRIORITAS DI BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Tullah Rahmat 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi bisnis yang digunakan oleh PT. Era Global Prioritas dan merekomendasikan prioritas strategi yang dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif dan tahapan formulasi-formulasi yaitu matriks IFE dan EFE, matriks IE, SWOT dan pemilihan alternatif strategi prioritas dengan menggunakan metode QSPM. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan matriks IFE dan EFE diperoleh total nilai sebesar 3.62 dan 3.05. Hasil perumusan dan pemetaan matriks IE PT. Era Global Priorits berada pada posisi Growth and Build (tumbuh dan bangun). Berdasarkan posisi perusahaan tersebut alternatif strategi yang tepat untuk digunakan oleh perusahaan adalah strategi insentif (penetrasi pasar, pengembangan pasar dan pengembangan produk). Hasil analisis SWOT dihasilkan 8 stategi yang kemudian diprioritaskan dengan metode QSPM yaitu Memperluas pangsa pasar melakukan promosi yang efektif dan efisien dengan jumlah nilai daya tarik (STAS) tertinggi sebesar 3.22. rekomendasi untuk PT. Era Global Prioritas sebaiknya terus melakukan perluasan jalinan kerjasama dengan berbagai pihak, manajemen mutu produk, meningkatkan efektifitas promosi, melakukan evaluasi pemasaran, meningkatkan promosi baik melalui internet baik media sosial maupun website, melakukan inovasi pemasaran, dan melakukan inovasi produk.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA KANTOR BADAN PENGELOLA PAJAK DAN RETRIBUSI DAERAH KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN
Authors: Nuraeni Nuraeni , Mahardika Vicram Mahza 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai Pada Kantor Badan Pengelola Pajak Dan Retribusi Daerah Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda. Penelitian ini menggunakan 33 responden penelitian. Ada tiga variabel dalam penelitian ini yaitu dua variabel bebas dan satu variabel terikat dimana Motivasi dan Disiplin Kerja sebagai variabel bebas dan Kinerja Pegawai sebagai variabel terikat. Pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer dan data skunder. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, kepustakaan dan kepustakaan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data telah berhasil ditemukan jawaban hipotesis yakni sebagai berikut; terdapat pengaruh Motivasi sebagai X1 terhadap Kinerja Pegawai sebagi Y dengan tingkat pengaruh sebesar 41,6 persen. Terdapat pengaruh Disiplin Kerja sebagai X2 terhadap Kinerja Pegawai, dengan tingkat pengaruh sebesar 33,4 persen. Terdapat pengaruh Motivasi dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai, dengan tingkat pengaruh sebesar 44,4 persen