Hubungan Keragaman Pangan dengan Kecukupan Gizi dan Status Gizi Ibu Menyusui di Daerah Pertanian Kecamatan Karangreja Kabupaten Purbalingga
Authors: Rofiana Annisa Restu , Pradigdo Siti Fatimah , Pangestuti Dina Rahayuning 
Published: September 2022

Latar belakang: Pola makan beragam dan memenuhi kecukupan gizi akan mempengaruhi status gizi ibu menyusui. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan keragaman pangan dengan kecukupan gizi dan status gizi ibu menyusui di daerah pertanian Kecamatan Karangreja Kabupaten Purbalingga.Metode: Jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel sebanyak 60 ibu menyusui bayi usia 0-6 bulan dengan pengambilan sampel secara purposive. Keragaman pangan diukur menggunakan MDD-W dari FAO, kecukupan gizi diukur menggunakan food recall 2x24 jam, status gizi menurut IMT dan ukuran LILA, serta persen lemak tubuh dihitung menggunakan rumus prediksi Paul Deurenberg. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson dan Rank Spearman.Hasil: Ibu menyusui berusia 20-35 tahun, 61,7% menyelesaikan pendidikan dasar, 88,3% IRT, 86,7% menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal, 63,3% pendapatan keluarga <UMR, 66,7% jumlah anggota keluarga ≥ 4 orang, rerata skor keragaman pangan 5,57 (beragam), tingkat kecukupan energi, tingkat kecukupan protein, tingkat kecukupan karbohidrat ≤89% AKG (kurang), tingkat kecukupan lemak 90-110% AKG (normal), tingkat kecukupan vitamin A ≥77% AKG (cukup), 65% persen lemak tubuh normal, 48,3% IMT kategori obesitas, dan 96,7% tidak berisiko KEK. Ada hubungan keragaman pangan dengan tingkat kecukupan vitamin A (p=0,000). Ada hubungan tingkat kecukupan protein dengan LILA (p=0,024). Ada hubungan persen lemak tubuh dengan IMT (p=0,000) dan LILA (p=0,000). Tidak ada hubungan keragaman pangan dengan IMT (p=0,426) dan LILA (p=0,433).Simpulan: Status gizi ibu menyusui tidak dipengaruhi secara langsung oleh keragaman pangan, namun, dipengaruhi oleh tingkat kecukupan protein, vitamin A dan persen lemak tubuh.Kata kunci: Keragaman Pangan; Kecukupan Gizi; Status Gizi; Ibu Menyusui; Daerah Pertanian ABSTRACTTitle: Relationship between Food Diversity with Nutritional Adequacy and Nutritional Status of Breastfeeding Mothers in Agricultural Area of Karangreja, Purbalingga RegencyBackground: The nutritional intake of breastfeeding mothers is still less than the nutrition adequacy rate because this is due to a less diverse diet. Consumption of various foods must be by the nutritional needs to achieve an ideal nutritional status. This study aims to analyze the relationship between food diversity with nutritional adequacy and nutritional status of breastfeeding mothers in agricultural area of Karangreja, Purbalingga Regency.Method:This type of research is analytic observational with a cross sectional design. Sample of 60 breastfeeding mothers infants aged 0-6 months with purposive sampling. Measurement of food diversity variables using Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W) from FAO, nutritional adequacy using food recall 2x24 hours, nutritional status using Body Mass Index (BMI) and Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) measurements, and percent body fat using Paul Deurenberg's predictive formula. Data analysis used the Pearson correlation test and Rank Spearman.Result: The average food diversity score was 5.57(various); average energy adequacy, protein adequacy, carbohydrate adequacy level ≤89% RDA (lacking); average fat adequacy level 90-110% RDA (normal); average vitamin A adequacy level ≥77% RDA (adequate); as much as 65% percent of body fat is normal, 48,3% of BMI is obese, and 96.7% is not at risk of chronic energy deficiency. There was a relationship between food diversity and the adequacy level of vitamin A (p-value=0.001). There was a relationship between the protein adequacy level with MUAC (p-value=0.024). There was a relationship between percent body fat with BMI (p-value=0.001) and MUAC (p-value=0.001). There was no relationship between food diversity with BMI (p-value=0.426) and MUAC (p-value=0.433).Conclusion: Nutritional status of breastfeeding mothers was not directly affected by food diversity. However, it was influenced by protein adequacy level, vitamin A adequacy level, and percent of body fat.Keywords: Food Diversity; Nutritional Adequacy; Nutritional Status, Breastfeeding Mothers; Agricultural Area