bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LOW DOSE-RATE RADIATION-SPECIFIC ALTERATIONS FOUND IN A GENOME-WIDE GENE EXPRESSION ANALYSIS OF THE MOUSE LIVER
Authors: Fujikawa Katsuyoshi , Sugihara Takashi , Tanaka Satoshi , Tanaka Ignacia , Nakamura Shingo , Nakamura-Murano Masako , Murano Hayato , Komura Jun-ichiro 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Life span shortening and increased incidences of cancer and non-cancer diseases were observed in B6C3F1 mice irradiated with gamma-rays at a low dose-rate (LDR) of 20 mGy/d for 400 d. A genome-wide gene expression profiling of livers from mice irradiated at a LDR (20 mGy/d, 100–400 d) was performed. LDR radiation affected specific pathways such as those related to lipid metabolism, e.g. ‘Cholesterol biosynthesis’ and ‘Adipogenesis’ in females irradiated for 200 and 300 d at 20 mGy/d, with increased expression of genes encoding cholesterol biosynthesis enzymes (Cyp51, Sqle, Fdps) as age and radiation dose increased. No significant alterations in the expression of these genes were observed in male mice exposed similarly. However, the genes encoding adipogenesis regulators, Srebf1 and Pparg, increased with age and radiation dose in both sexes. Comparison between LDR-irradiated and medium dose-rate (400 mGy/d) male mice revealed quite different gene expression profiles. These results seem to be consistent with the increased incidence of fatty liver and obesity in female mice exposed to LDR radiation and suggest that metabolism is an important target of LDR radiation.
MODELING OF TEMPORAL AND VERTICAL CHANGES IN 137Cs CONCENTRATION IN LAKE ONUMA
Authors: Akasaki Kentaro , Semba Taisei , Suetomi Eiichi , Okada Yukiko , Suzuki Kyuma , Watanabe Shun , Hatano Yuko 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
According to the observed data of the activity concentration of $^{137}$Cs in Lake Onuma on Mount. Akagi, located in Gunma Prefecture, the decrease of the activity concentration slowed down since 2 years after the accident of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. In the present study, we applied the time fractional diffusion equation to reproduce long-term changes in the time series of the activity concentration. In addition, we also reproduced the vertical distribution of the activity concentration with the parameter values, estimated by the time series data. We found that the model fit the observed data well for both time series and vertical distribution.
IODINE ABSORPTION BY APPLE LEAF SURFACES
Authors: Yanai Masumi , Kawabata Hitoshi , Takaku Yuichi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Apple is an important agricultural product in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, where the first commercial nuclear fuel reprocessing plant is currently under construction. As the behavior of radioiodine deposited on the surface of apple leaves is not well known, we studied the absorption and transfer to fruit of stable iodine applied onto the leaf surface. Droplets of NaI solution were applied to the leaf surface $\sim$86–89 days after flowering. The leaves were collected periodically and washed with detergent solution, followed by determination of iodine amounts absorbed or remaining on the leaf surface. Subsequently, iodine levels were determined separately for each part of the apple tree. Our results indicated that iodine applied on the surface of the leaf was absorbed and accumulated inside the leaf, but the transfer of absorbed iodine to the fruit was negligible; hence, iodine was less likely to accumulate in the fruit.
Nightmare disorder and low back pain in veterans: cross-sectional association and effect over time
Authors: Taylor Kenneth A , Schwartz Skai W , Alman Amy C , Goode Adam P , Dagne Getachew A , Sebastião Yuri V , Foulis Philip R 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLow back pain (LBP) disproportionately impacts US military veterans compared with nonveterans. Although the effect of psychological conditions on LBP is regularly studied, there is little published to date investigating nightmare disorder (NMD) and LBP. The purpose of this study was to (1) investigate whether an association exists between NMD and LBP and (2) estimate the effect of NMD diagnosis on time to LBP. We used a retrospective cohort design with oversampling of those with NMD from the Veterans Health Administration (n = 15 983). We used logistic regression to assess for a cross-sectional association between NMD and LBP and survival analysis to estimate the effect of NMD on time to LBP, up to 60-month follow-up, conditioning on age, sex, race, index year, Charlson Comorbidity Index, depression, anxiety, insomnia, combat exposure, and prisoner of war history to address confounding. Odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) indicated a cross-sectional association of 1.35 (1.13 to 1.60) and 1.21 (1.02 to 1.42) for NMD and LBP within 6 months and 12 months pre- or post-NMD diagnosis, respectively. Hazard ratios (HRs) indicated the effect of NMD on time to LBP that was time-dependent—HR (with 95% CIs) 1.27 (1.02 to 1.59), 1.23 (1.03 to 1.48), 1.19 (1.01 to 1.40), and 1.10 (0.94 to 1.29) in the first 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-diagnosis, respectively—approximating the null (1.00) at &gt;12 months. The estimated effect of NMD on LBP suggests that improved screening for NMD among veterans may help clinicians and researchers predict (or intervene to reduce) risk of future back pain.
Blurring the Borders of Reentry: Socioeconomic Reintegration among Noncitizens Following Release from Immigration Detention
Authors: Patler Caitlin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An established literature demonstrates that formerly imprisoned people experience barriers to finding work. However, no research has analyzed how noncitizens experience socioeconomic reintegration following imprisonment. Additionally, while we know many immigrants find work in co-ethnic labor markets, we know little about how these networks respond to individuals with a criminal record. I analyze 321 longitudinal, semi-structured interviews collected between 2013–2016 from 121 noncitizens who were detained by U.S. immigration authorities for six months or longer and then released back into their communities on bond. Results reveal a complex set of socioeconomic reintegration experiences that are shaped by ethnic, legal, generational, and gender stratification in immigrant integration outcomes more broadly. These findings have important implications as immigration laws have become increasingly punitive and intertwined with criminal laws.
Belonging and Boundaries at an Elite University
Authors: Jack Anthony Abraham , Black Zennon 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Scholars posit that lower-income undergraduates experience “cultural mismatch,” which undermines their sense of belonging, promotes withdrawal from campus, and limits mobility upon graduation. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 103 undergraduates at an elite university, we examine how students’ diverse trajectories to college affect how they identify as members of the community and modulate the relationship between social class and sense of belonging. While upper-income undergraduates find commonalities between themselves and college peers and integrate into the community, lower-income students offer divergent accounts. The doubly disadvantaged—lower-income undergraduates who attended local, typically distressed public high schools—felt a heightened sense of difference, drew moral boundaries, and withdrew from campus life. Alternatively, the privileged poor—lower-income undergraduates who attended boarding, day, and preparatory high schools—adopted a cosmopolitan approach focused on continued expansion of horizons and integrated into campus. Through detailing this overlooked diversity among lower-income undergraduates, our findings expand theoretical frameworks for examining sense of belonging to include boundary work that shapes students’ agendas, thereby deepening our understanding of the reproduction of inequality in college.
The Uses and Abuses of ‘Community Art’ on an Inner-City Estate
Authors: Romyn Michael 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article traces the history of ‘community art’ on the Aylesbury Estate, a mass municipal housing development in inner-city London. Established by local artists soon after the Aylesbury’s opening in 1974, the Walworth and Aylesbury Community Arts Trust (WACAT) ran a multifaceted arts project on the estate until the early 1990s. Through an examination of WACAT’s changing aims, outputs and engagements with tenants, this article presents new ways of thinking about life on an inner urban estate. For many participants, the project was not only a focus of sociability and creative expression, but a way of making sense of rapidly changing material and social circumstances. The article further shows how art-making was used to both facilitate and oppose the estate’s ongoing demolition, and of contesting stereotypical representations of the estate that went hand in hand with the process of state-led ‘regeneration’.
Smoke propagation characteristics and influencing factors of high-temperature spiral tunnel fire
Authors: Song Yang , Wang Huibin , Guo Chao , Pan Sitong , Wu Yan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A tunnel fire may cause great damage to people, vehicles, facilities and tunnel structures if it is not effectively controlled. Therefore, it is very important to clarify the smoke propagation characteristics and influencing factors that can help to accelerate the removal of fire smoke and reduce casualties and property losses. In order to study the influence of slope, curvature radius and ambient temperature on smoke propagation during the tunnel operation period, based on the high-temperature spiral tunnel in Midi village, Yunnan Province, the internal and external environmental parameters of the tunnel were measured on site and the numerical simulation model was established by using the simulation software FDS, and the control variable method was used to study the fire smoke propagation characteristics of the tunnel with different characteristics. The results show that: the influence of slope on smoke migration velocity is non-linear, the greater the slope is, the greater the change of smoke spreading speed is; the smaller the curvature radius is, the greater the obstruction to smoke migration is, and the slower the smoke migration speed is; high temperature speeds up the smoke exhaust rate in the tunnel but has less promotion of the fire smoke migration.
Workplace Disclosure Decisions of Older Workers Wanting to Remain Employed: A Qualitative Study of Factors Considered When Contemplating Revealing or Concealing Support Needs
Authors: Gignac Monique A M , Bowring Julie , Shahidi Faraz V , Kristman Vicki , Cameron Jill I , Jetha Arif 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Many older workers want to work longer. However, we understand little about the different workplace support needs they may have and whether workers choose to share their needs with others. The objective of this research was to qualitatively examine workplace disclosure-support decisions among workers aged 50 years and older. Sixty-eight participants from diverse employment sectors and with a range of personal experiences and circumstances (e.g., health conditions, caregiving responsibilities, job experiences) participated in 1 of 10 focus groups within the greater Toronto area. Recruitment drew on an existing cohort of Canadians from a survey research firm. Participants were asked about their work experiences, age-related changes, and disclosure decisions and experiences. Focus group discussions were audio-taped and transcribed. Qualitative content analysis was used analyze the data and identify emerging themes. There was variability in disclosure decisions with many participants being reluctant to share their needs at work. Four inter-related themes guided participants’ communication decisions: the need to communicate information; the desire to maintain one’s reputation; trust in others and perceived support; and perceived job insecurity. In discussing job insecurity, participants noted challenges in finding a new job, perceptions held by others of the cost-benefits of employing older workers, and labor market insecurity. The findings highlight challenges experienced by older adults in remaining employed and barriers to communicating their needs. Results underscore the importance of greater attention to ageism within organizations, the need for age-inclusive policies, and workplace flexibility to promote job sustainability across the life course.
Three in one: molecular phylogeny of the genusHelodrilus(Crassiclitellata: Lumbricidae) with a description of two new genera and two new species
Authors: Szederjesi Tímea , Marchán Daniel F , Csuzdi Csaba , Sarbu Serban M , Pavlíček Tomáš , Krízsik Virág , Martin Patrick , Domínguez Jorge 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe earthworm genus Helodrilus comprises about 20 species with distributions ranging from the Iberian Peninsula to the Caucasus, through Central Europe, the Balkans, Anatolia and the Levant. The species prefer moist habitats and are often found in the mud of river banks, in swamps or in caves. Although a high degree of morphological variability is observed in the taxonomic characters, the genus shares a common feature: the absence of nephridial bladders. In this study, we clarify the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Helodrilus using an integrated approach including a multilocus molecular phylogenetic analysis and thorough morphological examination of several species across the putative Helodrilus area of distribution. The findings of this study have led to the genus Helodrilus being split and to the description of two new genera and two new species: Coventina Szederjesi, Sarbu & Csuzdi gen. nov. and Imetescolex movilensis Szederjesi, Sarbu & Csuzdi gen. & sp. nov. The highly homoplasic nature of the absence of nephridial bladders was also revealed.
A curriculum to improve knowledge and skills of nurse practitioners and physician assistants in the pediatric emergency department
Authors: Yusuf Shabana , Hagan Joseph L. , Stone Suzette 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs) have an important role in delivery of care in a tertiary children's hospital emergency department (ED). Most NPs and PAs have not had any formal training to work in a pediatric ED; although our NPs and PAs had no formal ED training, some were acute care certified. We describe a curriculum designed to improve knowledge and skills of NPs and PAs in the pediatric ED. The curriculum consists of three modules, namely, online lecture series, procedural workshops, and case scenarios in a simulated setting. Module 1 consisted of online lecture on 10 common ED diagnoses. The second module consisted of procedural workshops on lumbar puncture, incision and drainage of abscesses, gastrostomy insertion, and laceration repair. The third module included simulation scenarios on ED-specific cases of seizure in an infant, bronchiolitis and ruptured appendicitis with shock. Each module was evaluated by a survey. Participants rated each item on the survey using a Likert scale response (1 = disagree completely to 5 = agree completely). Both NPs and PAs demonstrated increase in knowledge scores in posttest 1 vs pretest (p < .001) and did not show a significant decline in posttest 2 (p = .073). The mean ratings of components of the online lecture series, workshops, and simulation scenarios were 4.5–4.7, 4.4–4.8, and 4.5–4.7, respectively, with positive comments. This novel curriculum meets the educational needs of NPs and PAs at our institution and can be used as a model to train them at other tertiary care pediatric EDs.
Pediatric Emergency Medicine Faculty Response to Point-of-Care Ultrasound Credentialing Curriculum
Authors: Nti Benjamin K. , Kennedy Sarah , Sarmiento Elisa , Weinstein Elizabeth , Russell Frances 
Published: September 2022

Objectives
As point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) continues to evolve in pediatric emergency medicine (PEM), new protocols and curricula are being developed to help establish the standards of practice and delineate training requirements. New suggested guidelines continue to improve, but a national standard curriculum for training and credentialing PEM providers is still lacking. To understand the barriers and perception of curriculum implementation for PEM providers, we created an ultrasound program at our institution and observed attitudes and response to training.

Methods
Fourteen PEM-fellowship–trained faculty with limited to no previous experience with POCUS underwent training within a 12-month time frame using a modified practice-based training that included didactics, knowledge assessment, and hands-on practice. As part of the curriculum, the faculty completed a 3-phase survey before, after, and 6 months after completion of the curriculum.

Results
There was a 100%, 78.6%, and 71.4% response rate for the presurvey, postsurvey, and 6 months postsurvey, respectively. Lack of confidence with using POCUS went from 100% on the presurvey to 57% on the postsurvey and down to 30% on the 6th month postsurvey. All other barriers also decreased from precurriculum to postcurriculum, except for length of time to perform POCUS. Participants rated the curriculum highly, with a mean Likert score and standard error of the mean at 3.9 ± 0.73, respectively. The average rating for whether POCUS changed clinical practice was low (2.6 ± 1.34).

Conclusion
These results show that a simplified structured curriculum can improve perception of POCUS and decrease barriers to usage while helping to understand obstacles for implementation of POCUS among PEM-fellowship–trained faculty.
Effectiveness of inactivated and Ad5-nCoV COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA. 2 variant infection, severe illness, and death
Authors: Huang Zhuoying , Xu Shuangfei , Liu Jiechen , Wu Linlin , Qiu Jing , Wang Nan , Ren Jia , Li Zhi , Guo Xiang , Tao Fangfang , Chen Jian , Lu Donglei , Sun Xiaodong , Wang Weibing 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundLimited data are available on effectiveness of inactivated and Ad5-nCoV COVID-19 vaccines in real-world use - especially against Omicron variants in SARS-CoV-2 infection-naïve population. During an outbreak in Shanghai’s SARS-CoV-2 infection-naïve population, we evaluated vaccine effectiveness (VE) against Omicron infection, severe or critical COVID-19, and COVID-19-related death.MethodsA matched case-control study was conducted among people aged ≥3 years between 2 December 2021 through 13 May 2022. Cases were SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals, individuals with severe/critical COVID-19, or COVID-19-related deaths. Controls were selected from consecutively test negative individuals at the same time as cases were diagnosed and were exact-matched on year-of-age, gender, birthplace, illness onset date, and residency district in ratios of 1:1 with infected individuals and 4:1 with severe/critical COVID-19 and COVID-19-related deaths.ResultsOur study included 612597 documented SARS-CoV-2 infections, among which 1485 progressed to severe or critical illness and 568 died. Inactivated vaccine was 16.3% (95% CI: 15.4%-17.2%) effective against infection, 88.6% (95% CI: 85.8%-90.9%) effective against severe/critical COVIID-19 and 91.7% (95% CI: 86.9%-94.7%) against COVID-19 death. Ad5-vectored vaccine was 13.2% (95% CI: 10.9%-15.5%) effective against infection and 77.9% (95% CI: 15.6%-94.2%) effective against severe/critical COVIID-19. Booster vaccination with inactivated vaccines enhanced protection against severe COVID-19 (92.7%, 95% CI: 90.1%-94.6%) and COVID-19 death (95.9%, 95% CI: 91.4%-98.1%). Inactivated VE against infection began to wane 12 weeks after the last dose but two- and three-dose sustained high protection levels (>80%) against severe/critical illness and death.ConclusionsOur real-world study found high and durable two- and three-dose inactivated VE against Omicron-associated severe/critical illness and death across all age groups, but lower effectiveness against Omicron infection. High direct protection from severe/fatal Omicron COVID-19 provided by inactivated vaccines, and a consequent potential reduction in health-care utilization, reinforces the critical importance of full-series vaccination and timely booster dose administration for all eligible individuals.
Probing Local Force Propagation in Tensed Fibrous Gels
Authors: Goren Shahar , Levin Maayan , Brand Guy , Lesman Ayelet , Sorkin Raya 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFibrous hydrogels are a key component of soft animal tissues. They support cellular functions and facilitate efficient mechanical communication between cells. Due to their nonlinear mechanical properties, fibrous materials display non-trivial force propagation at the microscale, that is enhanced compared to that of linear-elastic materials. In the body, tissues are constantly subjected to external loads that tense or compress them, modifying their micro-mechanical properties into an anisotropic state. However, it is unknown how force propagation is modified by this isotropic-to-anisotropic transition. Here, we directly measure force propagation in tensed fibrin hydrogels. Local perturbations are induced by oscillating microspheres using optical tweezers. We use both 1-point and 2-point microrheology to simultaneously measure both the shear modulus and force propagation. We suggest a mathematical framework to quantify anisotropic force propagation trends. We show that force propagation becomes anisotropic in tensed gels, with, surprisingly, stronger response to perturbations perpendicular to the axis of tension. Our results suggest that under external loads, there are favoured directions of mechanical communication between cells in a tissue. Importantly, we also find that external tension increases the range of force transmission by altering the power-law exponent governing the decay of oscillations with distance from the perturbation. We end with a discussion of possible implications and future directions for research.
A cross-sectional study of low birth satisfaction among Iranian postpartum women during COVID-19 epidemics’ fifth wave
Authors: Mortazavi Forough , Mehrabadi Maryam 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundBirth dissatisfaction may increase the risk for postpartum depression and requests for an elective cesarean for the next birth. The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has had a considerable impact on the healthcare systems and their users in many aspects. We investigated predictors of birth satisfaction in a sample of Iranian postpartum women during the COVID-19 epidemics’ fifth wave.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 601 postpartum women admitted to postpartum wards of Mobini maternity hospital using a convenience sampling method between 2 Aug and 18 September 2021. We collected data on socio-demographic, obstetric, labor and birth, and psychological variables. We used the general linear model and multiple linear regression analyses to determine predictors of birth satisfaction.ResultsThe mean birth satisfaction score was 28.6±7.3. The percentages of mothers who gave birth by elective and emergency cesarean were 19.5% and 10.8%, respectively. Overall predictors of birth satisfaction were emergency cesarean [-7.463(-9.310, -5.616), instrumental birth [-3.571(-6.907, -0.235)], episiotomy [-2.227 (-3.591, -0.862)], Entonox analgesia [-1.548(-2.726, -0.371)], Well-being score < 50 [-1.812(-3.146, -0.478)], fear of COVID-19 [-1.216(-2.288,, -0.144)], low satisfaction with pregnancy -2.539(-3.952, -1.127) and low satisfaction with spouse’s support [-2.419(-4.598, -0.240)].ConclusionsDuring the pandemic, fear of COVID-19, low level of well-being, low satisfaction with pregnancy and low satisfaction with spouse’s support as well as women’s experience of emergency cesarean, instrumental birth, episiotomy, and Entonox analgesia, are exerting negative influences on birth satisfaction. To improve birth satisfaction and thus maternal mental health interventions to lower fear of contracting COVID-19 and reduce rates of episiotomy, emergency cesarean, and instrumental birth are recommended.