bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-satellite Online scheduling Method Based on Proximal Policy
Authors: Li Xuefei , Chen Jia , Cai Xiantao , Cui Ningbo , Wan Shaohua 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Under the background of the rapid development of network communication and satellite technology, multi-satellite online scheduling has brought many problems such as high labour costs, slow response speed, low task execution efficiency and low solution efficiency. How to effectively develop a real-time satellite scheduling scheme that can maximize the scheduling revenue is an important issue. In this paper, the multi-satellite online scheduling process is regarded as a Markov sequential decision process. When the task arrives, the scheduling decision can be made according to the current scheduling situation and the task information. Since the number and resources of satellites are fixed, but the information of the task itself such as the number of available time windows are unpredictable, this problem can be proved as an NP-Hard problem. There is no specific effective solution yet. As reinforcement learning algorithm has achieved good application results in decision-making optimization problems such as optimization decision, automatic control and production line scheduling, it is feasible to apply reinforcement learning method to multi-satellite online scheduling. Therefore, this paper studies the multi-satellite scheduling method based on reinforcement learning. This paper analyses the Markov property of the basic scheduling process of the multi-satellite online scheduling problem and establishes the corresponding Markov decision pro-cess. Considering the influence of the periodic schedule in the online scheduling on the scheduling strategy of the algorithm-decision network, an improved multi-satellite online scheduling model is proposed. Finally, the model is trained by the proximal policy optimization algorithm (PPO), and by comparing the simulation results with the existing multi-satellite online scheduling model, we verified the validity of our model.
Primary Tumor Location and Survival Among Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients treated with systemic chemotherapy, and biologic therapies: Retrospective Analysis (2013-2016)
Authors: Ramadan Majed , Alfayea Turki , Alsofyani Abeer , Alzahrani Mohammed , Alyabsi Mesnad , Alhusseini Noara , Algarni Alanood 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: In a sample of Middle Eastern population, we sought to evaluate whether survival outcomes for mCRC patients treated with systemic chemotherapy (SC) and, with and without biologic therapies (bevacizumab and cetuximab) are different between left and right-sided tumors. Methods: Ministry of National Guard- Health Affairs (MNG-HA) Cancer registry data was utilized to identify patients diagnosed with CRC between 2013 and 2016. Kaplan-Meier method and porosity score adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess survival for right and left-sided mCRC with and with BT. Results: A total of 196 mCRC patients with mean age of 64 years old, 57.65% male diagnosed from January 1, 2013, through December 31, 2016. The overall median survival for left-sided was significantly higher than right-sided mCRC tumors (P 0.03). mCRC patients treated with SC+BT were associated with decreased mortality only among patients with left-sided mCRC compared to right-sided mCRC (HR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.05-0.92; P .03). mCRC with no primary-tumor resection and CS+TB left-sided mCRC was significantly associated with decreased mortality compared to right-sided mCRC (HR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.03-0.72; P .02).Conclusions: In a sample of Middle Eastern population, a significant decrease in mortality for left-sided mCRC treated with SC plus BT compared with right-sided mCRC was observed. mCRC patients with unresectable metastases demonstrated survival benefit from left-sided SC plus BT treatment. Randomized controlled trials are needed to determine the optimal treatment for mCRC patients.
How a beetle catches fog
Authors: King Hunter , Shahrokhian Aida , Chan Fan Kiat , Feng Jiansheng , Gazzola Mattia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the face of humanity's increasing problems of water insecurity, useful lessons in moisture management may be learned from organisms living in extreme climates. The Namib desert beetle uses its own body to extract water, in the form of fog, from the wind, and its dorsal features have inspired designs based on controlled wettability. Here, we revisit the beetle's physical adaptations from the fluid dynamics perspective of aerosol impaction. Coupled experiments and simulations show that subtle modulations in shape and texture create large gains in water harvesting performance by encouraging droplets to `slip' toward targets at the millimetric scale, and by disrupting boundary and lubrication layers effects at the microscopic scale. Our results offer a lesson in biological fog collection, and design principles for controlling particle separation in a variety of contexts.
Engineering Disulphide-Free Autonomous Antibody VH Domains to modulate intracellular pathways
Authors: Frosi Yuri , Lin Yen-Chu , Jiang Shimin , Ramlan Siti Radhiah , Hew Kelly Hew , Engman Alf Henrik , Pillai Anil , Cheng Yue Xiang , Cornvik Tobias , Nordlund Pär , Goh Megan , Lama Dilraj , Verma Chandra S , Thean Dawn Thean , Lane David P , Asial Ignacio , Brown Christopher 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
An attractive approach to target intracellular macromolecular interfaces is to design small high affinity proteins. In this manuscript a stable, autonomous, human derived non-immunogenic, disulphide-free VH domain, has been engineered for intracellular expression studies. VH domains can be designed to possess a large dynamic repertoire of binders, as opposed to other scaffolds types that are highly rigid and possess fewer sites of random variation. Picomolar inhibitors were identified using phage display against the eIF4F complex, which is commonly hyper-activated in many cancers. These molecules were also shown to impair cellular proliferation and to reduce the expression of malignancy related proteins. Structural characterization elucidated that these VH domains bound eIF4E at the eIF4G interaction interface via a novel binding pose. Molecules able to mimic this pose and interfere with the eIF4F complex are potentially important for wide-ranging tumour therapy applications.
Pendulum and gravimeter tests misled by remote man-made EM waves in solar eclipse days over years (false Allais effect)
Authors: Iovane Antonio 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We report misleading effects of human-origin signals on very distant gravityexperiments in solar eclipse days. Despite Newton's well-established gravity,some research has been underway for some years on alleged gravitationalanomalies in the days of solar eclipses, as per still considered reports inmainstream peer-reviewed journals. In solar eclipse days some instruments,notably pendulums and gravimeters, had provided anomalies that wereinterpreted as unknown features of gravity. French physicist Maurice Allais iscredited with first reporting pendulum anomalies during a solar eclipse in 1954.NASA researchers also wanted to investigate the matter, also because they werelooking for an explanation for the so-called Pioneer anomaly (explained later),and promoted a worldwide test for the solar eclipse of August 11, 1999. We wererecruited for that experiment in July 1999 following our proposal for an innovativeexperiment. We have since conducted two experiments with stationarypendulums and recorded surprisingly structured anomalies which after years ofstudy proved unnatural. We report these tests with extensive control data, and alimited number of similar anomalies observed by others, some already publishedbut still not as unnatural. In summary we analyze: our stationary pendulum teston Aug 11 1999 in South Italy (unpublished); our stationary pendulum test onMay 31 2003 in South Italy (unpublished); a gravimeter test by University ofTrieste (Italy) on Aug 11 1999 (unpublished); a report from Reading (UK) for theAug 11 1999 eclipse (published); a report from Manavgat (Turkey) for the March29 2006 eclipse (published); a report from Kiev (Ukraine) for the Sept 11 2007eclipse (published). In the above experiments we found abnormal instrumentalbehaviors (sudden sharp micro-deviations) that obey a precise structure ofequally spaced time markers. The timing scheme was always the same in all ofthe above experiments. Subsequent research revealed that the scheme matchedthe one used by a very distant source of high-power, man-made, controlled radiosignals. We conclude that the measuring instruments tracked by chance acampaign of RF-based eclipse experiments over the years, not gravitationalphenomena. We report in more detail our two pendulum experiments and thegravimetric test of University of Trieste, spending fewer words on the other testsalready described in their respective articles.
Tobacco use among School-going Adolescents in Comoros: A Secondary Analysis of the 2015 Comoros Global Youth Tobacco Survey.
Authors: James Peter Bai , Kassim Said Abasse , Kabba John Alimamy , Kitchen Chenai 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Tobacco use among adolescents has long-term adverse health consequences, especially during adulthood. Currently, little is known about tobacco use behaviour among adolescents in Comoros. Our study aims to estimate the prevalence and identify key factors associated with tobacco use among adolescents in Comoros using the 2015 Comoros Global Youth Tobacco Survey data.Methods: A national cross-sectional survey secondary data of 2,810 eligible school-going adolescents aged between 11-17 years was analysed. Complex sample logistic regression analyses to determine the correlates of current cigarette smoking and current use of non-cigarette tobacco products.Results: The overall prevalence of current cigarette smoking was 14.3% [males (18.5%), females (9.9%)]. The prevalence of current use of non-cigarette tobacco products was 5.8% [males (6.7%), females (4.9%)]. Being male (AOR=2.24;95%CI:1.39-3.63), exposure to secondhand smoke inside (AOR=3.88;95%CI:2.84-5.31) and outside (AOR= 1.49; 95%CI: 1.08-2.03) their home and exposure to tobacco industry promotion (AOR=2.90; 95%CI:2.21-3.80) were associated with current cigarette use among school-going adolescents. However, parental smoke (AOR=1.20; 95%CI:0.78-1.87) and not exposed to anti-smoking education in schools (AOR= 0.97;95%CI:0.76-1.22) were not associated with current cigarette use. On the other hand, being male (AOR=1.24;95%CI:0.82-1.86) was not associated with the current use of noncigarette tobacco products. Adolescents who were exposed to tobacco industry promotion (AOR=.2.58;95%CI:1.54-4.32) and not exposed to anti-smoking education in school (AOR=0.52;95%CI:0.32-0.85) were more and less likely associated with non-cigarette tobacco use. Conclusion: One in seven school-going adolescents smoke cigarettes, and approximately one in 20 school-going adolescents use non-cigarette tobacco products in Comoros. Exposure to secondhand smoke within and outside the home and exposure to tobacco industry promotion were associated with tobacco use in school-going adolescents in Comoros. Our findings suggest the need for adolescent-friendly gender-sensitive tobacco interventions, including strengthening existing tobacco control laws to prevent and reduce tobacco use among school-going adolescents in Comoros.
Increase in Cisplatin Resistance by MeCP2 in Human Gastric Cancer through the Activation of the AKT Pathway by Facilitating PDK-1 Transcription
Authors: Guo Bo , Cai Shuang , Li Wen , Guo Chen , Liu Yijie , Ma Xiaoping , Ma Hailin , Zhao Lingyu 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Increasing evidence indicates that an imbalance in oncogenes is implicated in
cancer chemotherapy resistance. Methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2), which acts as a major epigenetic
regulator of the expression of various genes, is involved in the carcinogenesis and progression
of gastric cancer. However, is it not known whether the role of MeCP2 is vital in acquired cisplatin
resistance in gastric cancer.

Objective:
This study aimed to determine whether inhibition of MeCP2 expression could sensitize
DDP-resistant GC cells to DDP and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism.

Methods:
qRT-PCR and western blotting were used to evaluate MeCP2 expression in DDP-resistant
GC cells. Subsequently, cell viability, colony formation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and tumorigenicity assays
were performed to explore the in vitro and in vivo roles of MeCP2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-
qPCR and luciferase reporter assays were used to identify whether 3-phosphoinositide-dependent
protein kinase 1 (PDK-1) was a direct target gene of MeCP2.

Results:
MeCP2 was upregulated in malignant DDP-resistant cells compared to non-DDP-resistant GC
cells or normal gastric epithelial cells. MeCP2 knockdown increased the sensitivity of DDP-resistant
GC cells to DDP, resulting in reduced cell growth, G0/G1 phase arrest, and increased apoptosis,
whereas MeCP2 overexpression attenuated DDP sensitivity of DDP-resistant GC cells. In addition,
MeCP2 knockdown enhanced DDP sensitivity in vivo. MeCP2 elevated PDK-1 expression by binding
to CpG sites in promoter regions, and inhibition of PDK-1 reversed the inductive effect of MeCP2
overexpression on DDP resistance in GC cells.

Conclusion:
These findings indicate that silencing of MeCP2 may potentiate DDP-induced cell death,
thereby providing a promising therapeutic strategy for GC.
The Journey from Porous Materials to Metal-organic Frameworks and
their Catalytic Applications: A Review
Authors: Samantaray Raghabendra , Sahu Rojalin , Panda Jagannath , Sahoo Tejaswini , Swain Jaykishon , Panda Prasanna Kumar , Tripathy Bankim Chandra 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), an inorganic-organic hybrid material, have been at the centre stage of material science for three decades. MOFs are synthesized by metal ions and organic linker precursors and have become very potential materials for different applications ranging from sensing, separation, catalytic behaviour to biomedical applications and drug delivery. owing to its structural flexibility, porosity and functionality. It is also very promising in heterogeneous catalysis for various industrial applications. These catalysts can be easily synthesized with extremely high surface areas, tunable pore sizes, and incorporation of catalytic centres via post synthetic modification (PSM) or exchange of their components as compared to traditional heterogeneous catalysts which is the preliminary requirement of a better catalyst. Here, in this review, we have sketched the history of MOFs, different synthesis procedures, and MOF- catalysed reactions, for instance, coupling reactions, condensation reactions, Friedel-Crafts reactions, oxidation, etc. Special attention is given to MOFs containing different catalytic centres including open metal sites, incorporation of catalytic centres through PSM, and bifunctional acid-base sites. Discussion on the important role of catalytic centres present in MOFs and reaction mechanisms has been outlined with examples.
Event Monitoring and Evaluation by Community Pharmacists in Japan: A Pilot Study on Fenofibrate and
Pemafibrate
Authors: Ooba Nobuhiro , Takahashi Masao , Nagamura Marina , Ushida Makoto , Kawakami Eiji , Kimura Masaomi , Sato Tsugumichi , Takahashi Yoshinori , Tokuyoshi Junichi , Hashiba Hajime , Kamei Miwako , Miyazaki Choichiro , Shimada Mitsuaki 
Published: February 2022

Background:
The Japan Pharmaceutical Association has conducted drug event monitoring
to detect drug events related to pemafibrate. As there are a few studies on the safety of pemafibrate
in clinical settings, a pilot study evaluating the association between drug use and detected
events was performed in Japan.

Aim:
In this study, the association between detected events and the use of pemafibrate, utilizing
pharmacy records maintained by community pharmacists, was investigated. We identified the newuser
cohort using a test and active comparison drug and collected the baseline information. An active
comparison group comprising new users was used to assess the events.

Method:
A retrospective cohort study using questionnaires regarding baseline and event data was
conducted by community pharmacists belonging to the Japan Pharmaceutical Association. The incidence
of event and estimated hazard ratio were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards
model that was adjusted for confounding factors, such as age and sex.

Results:
A total of 1294 patients using pemafibrate and 508 patients using fenofibrate were identified
as new drug users. The most reported events involving suspected adverse reactions and add-on
drugs were increased blood pressure and lipid-lowering effects with pemafibrate use, and nasopharyngitis,
pruritus, dizziness, and lipid-lowering effects with fenofibrate use. No significant differences
were found in commonly occurring events, except that an add-on anti-hypertensive drug
has been used by pemafibrate users compared to fenofibrate users.

Conclusion:
This study conducted by pharmacists can facilitate the safety assessment of newly
marketed drugs, as few drug use investigations with a comparator are carried out by the Japanese
authority for pharmaceutical companies. However, further research is required.
The Persistence Time of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Prospective Study
Authors: Yavarian Jila , Javaherian Mohammad , Malekshahi Somayeh Shatizadeh , Ahmadinejad Zahra , Ghiasvand Fatemeh , Ahmadi Elaheh , Abbasian Ladan , Hasannezhad Malihe , Dabaghipour Narges , Shafiei-Jandaghi Nazanin-Zahra , Mokhtari-Azad Talat , Hajiabdolbaghi Mahboubeh 
Published: February 2022

Background:In late December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), spread to almost all countries worldwide. The outbreak of this virus has been confirmed on 19th February, 2020, in Iran.Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the time of viral RNA clearance in swab and serum samples of COVID-19 patients having received different medications. We also evaluated different factors that may affect viral RNA persistence in patients infected by SARS-CoV-2.Methods:In March 2020, twenty-one hospitalized COVID-19 patients participated in this prospective study. All patients received antiviral agents in their routine care. Throat swabs and blood samples were obtained from all patients in different intervals, including day 3 or 5, day 7, day 10, and finally, 14 days after the first positive real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCT) test.Result:The median time from the symptom onset (SO) to the first negative rRT-PCR results for throat swabs and serum samples of COVID-19 patients was 18 and 14 days, respectively. These times were more significant in patients with lymphopenia, oxygen saturation ≤ 90%, and comorbidity.Conclusion:This preliminary study highlights that SASR-CoV-2 RNA was not detectable in the upper respiratory tract for longer than three weeks. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 may persist for a long period of time in the respiratory than in the serum samples. This study supports the idea that in limited resource settings, the patients should be tested earlier than three weeks for discharge management.
Brain Damage in the Preterm Infant: Clinical Aspects and Recent Progress
in the Prevention and Treatment
Authors: Yuan Tianming , Xie Yixuan , Yang Yue 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Although the prevalence of brain injury and related neurodevelopmental disabilities resulting
from preterm birth are major public health concerns, there are no definite neuroprotective strategies
to prevent or reduce brain injury. The pattern of brain injury seen in preterm infants has evolved
into more subtle lesions that are still essential to diagnose regarding neurodevelopmental outcomes.
There is no specific effective method for the treatment of premature infant brain injury, and the focus
of clinical treatment is still on prevention. Prevention of this injury requires insight into the pathogenesis,
but many gaps exist in our understanding of how neonatal treatment procedures and medications
impact cerebral hemodynamics and preterm brain injury. Many studies provide evidence about the
prevention of premature infant brain injury, which is related to some drugs (such as erythropoietin,
melatonin, mesenchymal stem cells, etc.). However, there are still some controversies about the quality
of research and the effectiveness of therapy. This review aims to recapitulate the results of preclinical
studies and provide an update on the latest developments around etiological pathways, prevention,
and treatment.
In silico Investigation of Immunodominant Antigenic Regions, Helper T
Lymphocyte, and Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Epitopes Credentials for
SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination
Authors: Selvaraj Manikandan , Loganathan Lakshmanan , Jayaraj John Marshal , Gopinath Krishnasamy , Rajendran Kannan , Pannipara Mehboobali , Al-Sehemi Abdullah G. , Muthusamy Karthikeyan 
Published: February 2022

Background:
In recent days, COVID-19 cases are increasing globally at an alarming rate due to the COVID-19 second wave despite the mass vaccination programs. Search for the potential vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 is still under progress. The epitope-based vaccine is effective and is a cornerstone in vaccine development. The quick prediction of epitopes could be a proficient way to monitor vaccine development during a global health crisis.

Objective:
This study is designed to predict the potential epitopes with computational tools for vaccine development.

Methods:
NetCTLpan v. 1.1 and NetMHCIIpan v. 3.2 servers were used for T-cell epitope analysis. IEDB servers were employed for HLA and DRB1 peptide calculations. The epitope Immunogenicity, toxicity, physiochemical character, and other features are measured by immunogen evaluation. Furthermore, the top-ranked immunogenic epitopes were computationally validated by molecular docking analysis. The epitopes are docked to Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which is helpful to generate an immune response against SARS-CoV-2.

Results:
Overall, six HTL and CTL epitopes were predicted (IDGYFKIYSKH, HPLSHFVNLDNL, RIGNNYKLNT, and WTAGAAAYYVG, MACLVGLMWLS, FRLKGGAPIKGVT), which had good immunogenicity scores, and stable interaction with Toll-like receptor (TLR). Therefore, these epitopes can bind with HLA and DRB1 molecules, respectively.

Conclusion:
The computationally predicted antigenic regions might be considered for epitope-based vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 after in vitro
Transungual Drug Delivery System for the Topical Treatment of Onychomycosis:
A Review
Authors: Giri Yashwant , Behera Amulyaratna , Mohanty Biswaranjan , Pattnaik Gurudutta , Habibullah S.K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Onychomycosis is an infection caused by a fungus that causes discoloration and thicken-ing of the nail layer, and it is the most common nail infection in the world. Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. interdigital is the most common anthropophilic dermato-phytes that trigger it. Onychomycosis is caused by yeasts such as Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis, as well as moulds such as Aspergillus spp. Treatment is determined by the type of nail invasion, the fungus genus, and the number of nails affected. Approaches towards conventional methods showed certain drawbacks, which emphasizes the need for alternate approaches to produce better therapeutic efficacy of a product. The present review focused on reporting an updated classi-fication of Onchyomycosis, causative organisms, factors influencing drug permeation, novel treat-ment strategies for Onychomycosis, and drug permeation enhancement methods.