bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Covid19 on perceived barriers to practice physical activity in users of fitness centers in Spain
Authors: Santacruz Lozano Jose Antonio , Jiménez Díaz-Benito Víctor Jiménez Díaz-Benito , Cereijo Tejedor Luis , Gonzalo Encabo Paola , García Borja , Jiménez-Beatty Navarro José Emilio , Clemente Remón Ángel Luis 
Published: April 2022

Esta investigación pretende conocer las barreras percibidas, así como posibles variables predictoras, en personas que practican actividad física en centros fitness que se encontraban confinadas en el hogar por la pandemia de COVID-19. La muestra estuvo conformada por 8.087 practicantes de actividad física. Se administró un cuestionario en línea por correo electrónico. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las barreras percibidas y un análisis de regresión logística para determinar posibles variables predictoras. Las barreras percibidas más importantes fueron el precio y la suerte de la seguridad. La edad, el sexo, la frecuencia de práctica física vigorosa y la observación de las recomendaciones de la OMS serían las variables predictoras en mayor medida de las barreras percibidas. Los resultados son relevantes para que las organizaciones deportivas planifiquen su oferta de servicios después del confinamiento.
This research intends to know the perceived barriers, as well as their predictor variables, in people who practice Physical Activity in fitness centers and were home confined due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample was conformed of 8,087 physical activity practitioners. An online questionnaire was administered by email. A descriptive analysis of the perceived barriers was done, and logistic regression analysis to determine possible predictor variables. The most important perceived barriers were price and a luck of security. Age, gender, the vigorous physical practice frequency and the observation of the WHO recommendations would be the predictor variables to a larger extend for the perceived barriers. The results are relevant for sport organizations to plan their services offer post lockdown.
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo conhecer as barreiras percebidas, bem como possíveis variáveis ​​preditivas, em pessoas que praticam atividade física em academias de ginástica que ficaram confinadas em casa pela pandemia do COVID-19. A amostra foi composta por 8.087 praticantes de atividade física. Um questionário online foi administrado por e-mail. Uma análise descritiva das barreiras percebidas e uma análise de regressão logística foram realizadas para determinar possíveis variáveis ​​preditoras. As barreiras percebidas mais importantes foram o preço e a sorte na segurança. Idade, sexo, frequência de prática física vigorosa e observância das recomendações da OMS seriam as variáveis ​​preditoras em maior extensão das barreiras percebidas. Os resultados são relevantes para que as organizações esportivas planejem sua oferta de serviços após o confinamento.
PERFIL SOCIODEMOGRÁFICO E PSICOLÓGICO DE ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS EM ISOLAMENTO SOCIAL DURANTE PANDEMIA POR COVID-19
Authors: Lima Silva Henika Priscila , De Souza Ferraz Deborah , Freire Reis Sanielle 
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Traçar o perfil sociodemográfico e psicológico de estudantes universitários em isolamento social durante a pandemia por covid-19. Metodologia:Foi realizado um estudo exploratório, observacional de caráter descritivo no Instituto de Ensino Superior Privado, Faculdades Integradas do Extremo Sul da Bahia, na cidade de Eunápolis-BA. Para coleta de dados foi elaborado um formulário de pesquisa produzido no Google Forms no qual foram incluidos a escala de avaliação de depressão de Hamilton, a Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale – Short Form e um questionário desenvolvido pela pesquisadora. Resultados: O formulário foi respondido por 95 pessoas, das quais 7 foram excluídas do primeiro módulo e 5 do segundo módulo por não preencherem o questionário por completo, totalizando assim 88 pessoas (1º módulo) e 90 pessoas (2º módulo). Conclusão: Esse trabalho abordou sobre um período nunca vivido pela sociedade, assim fica evidenciada a necessidade de novos estudos que abordem a temática e mostrem resultados a médio e a longo prazo.
An Overview of FDA Approved Liposome Formulations for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Gajera Khushal , Patel Adil 
Published: April 2022

One of the early achievements of researchers to develop Nano drug delivery systems were successfully manifested in the form of liposomes. Since the time of its invention in 1965, many technological advancements have been witnessed in Liposomal drug delivery systems, which are a field of study. The capacity to change a drug's biodistribution profile, liposomes have been reported to enhance and improve the therapeutic index of different drugs. Drugs of various categories like antineoplastic, antifungal agents, and Anti-inflammatory agents properties and therapy genes have been extensively studied for efficient delivery using liposomes. US-FDA-approved products like Doxil®, Ambisome®, DepoDur™, etc have been seen to play an important part in the treating of a large number of patients across the world. This review aims to provide updated information about various approved and marketed liposome formulations and their role in the modern-day health care systems.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Ocular Manifestations of COVID 19 among Students in a Medical College in Saudi Arabia- A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Alshuhayb Bayan S. , Alwadani Abdullah F. , Biswas Kaberi , Alhumaid Aqeel Y. , Alshuhayb Norah S. , Bushajea Ali R. 
Published: April 2022

Background: The coronavirus pandemic has forced governments of different countries to implement measures to control the spread of the virus and improve health awareness. Medical students are thought to have a significant role in public health promotion. Although there are studies assessing the level of knowledge of COVID-19 among medical students, there are very few assessing the level of knowledge about the ocular manifestations of COVID-19. Therefore, this study aims to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the ocular manifestations of COVID-19 among medical students a medical college in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: An online, questionnaire based cross sectional study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the ocular manifestations of COVID 19 among medical students.
Results: The level of knowledge about COVID-19 was adequate. However, there was a deficient knowledge regarding some aspects of ophthalmological involvement in coronavirus disease. Female students and those of higher academic years demonstrated significantly higher knowledge. Attitudes and practices regarding prevention of infection and personal protective measures were satisfactory. The main source of information about COVID-19 was social media and internet.
Conclusions: This is probably the first study investigating the ophthalmological knowledge of COVID-19 among medical students in this region. The level of knowledge about COVID-19 was adequate but knowledge about some ophthalmological aspects was insufficient. Students had adequate knowledge about COVID prevention and personal protective measures. It is suggested to include knowledge of COVID-19 in the curriculum to fill gaps in the knowledge, especially in the preclinical years. Seminars and training programmes could also add to the same.
Antiochos Hierax (Antiochus Hierax)
Authors: Heller André 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Antiochos Hierax was the second son of the Seleucid king Antiochos II Theos and his wife Laodike, and brother of Seleukos II Kallinikos. During the Third Syrian War (246–241
bce
), Antiochos rebelled from his brother (the so‐called “War of Brothers”) and established an independent sway over Asia Minor. However, his rule was too weak to prevent the expansionist policy of Attalos I of Pergamon. Finally, Hierax had to flee and was slain in Thrace (226
bce
).
Tunable Surface Chemistry in Heterogeneous Bilayer Single‐Atom Catalysts for Electrocatalytic NOx Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Lv Xingshuai , Mou Tong , Li Jianwei , Kou Liangzhi , Frauenheim Thomas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractElectrochemical NOx reduction reaction (NOxRR) holds promise for both nitrogen pollution management and low‐temperature ammonia (NH3) synthesis; however, it relies on catalysts with controllable reaction pathways and product selectivity. For this purpose, heterogeneous bilayer single‐atom catalysts (BSACs) with tunable surface chemistry are proposed as a general design strategy in heterogeneous catalysis. For example, NOxRR on a series of bilayer N‐doped graphene (GN) supported single‐atom catalysts (denoted as M2–CmNn–GN) are systematically investigated. The BSACs can not only circumvent the undesired metal aggregation and N–N coupling step, but also preserve the advantages of tunable reactivity from a dual‐atom site. The intrinsic dipole moment stemming from the asymmetric structure of the heterogeneous BSACs enables enhanced local electric field around reactive sites and allows effective control of chemisorption of reaction species. Interestingly, the polarization‐dependent activation of NOx greatly affects the reaction path, limiting potential, and selectivity of the NOxRR. This study highlights a universal strategy for the rational design of catalysts with high performance for NH3 electrosynthesis and beyond.
Molybdenum Carbide Electrocatalyst In Situ Embedded in Porous Nitrogen‐Rich Carbon Nanotubes Promotes Rapid Kinetics in Sodium‐Metal–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Hao Hongchang , Wang Yixian , Katyal Naman , Yang Guang , Dong Hui , Liu Pengcheng , Hwang Sooyeon , Mantha Jagannath , Henkelman Graeme , Xu Yixin , Boscoboinik Jorge Anibal , Nanda Jagjit , Mitlin David 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis is the first report of molybdenum carbide‐based electrocatalyst for sulfur‐based sodium‐metal batteries. MoC/Mo2C is in situ grown on nitrogen‐doped carbon nanotubes in parallel with formation of extensive nanoporosity. Sulfur impregnation (50 wt% S) results in unique triphasic architecture termed molybdenum carbide–porous carbon nanotubes host (MoC/Mo2C@PCNT–S). Quasi‐solid‐state phase transformation to Na2S is promoted in carbonate electrolyte, with in situ time‐resolved Raman, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and optical analyses demonstrating minimal soluble polysulfides. MoC/Mo2C@PCNT–S cathodes deliver among the most promising rate performance characteristics in the literature, achieving 987 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1, 818 mAh g−1 at 3 A g−1, and 621 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1. The cells deliver superior cycling stability, retaining 650 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 1.5 A g−1, corresponding to 0.028% capacity decay per cycle. High mass loading cathodes (64 wt% S, 12.7 mg cm−2) also show cycling stability. Density functional theory demonstrates that formation energy of Na2Sx (1 ≤ x ≤ 4) on surface of MoC/Mo2C is significantly lowered compared to analogous redox in liquid. Strong binding of Na2Sx (1 ≤ x ≤ 4) on MoC/Mo2C surfaces results from charge transfer between the sulfur and Mo sites on carbides’ surface.
Real‐Space Crystal Structure Analysis by Low‐Dose Focal‐Series TEM Imaging of Organic Materials with Near‐Atomic Resolution
Authors: Biran Idan , Houben Lothar , Weissman Haim , Hildebrand Mariana , Kronik Leeor , Rybtchinski Boris 
Published: April 2022

AbstractStructural analysis of beam‐sensitive materials by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) represents a significant challenge, as high‐resolution TEM (HRTEM) requires high electron doses that limit its applicability to stable inorganic materials. Beam‐sensitive materials, e.g., organic crystals, must be imaged under low dose conditions, leading to problematic contrast interpretation and loss of fine structural details. Here, HRTEM imaging of organic crystalline materials with near‐atomic resolution of up to 1.6 Å is described, which enables real‐space studies of crystal structures, as well as observation of co‐existing polymorphs, crystal defects, and atoms. This is made possible by a low‐dose focal‐series reconstruction methodology, which provides HRTEM images where contrast reflects true object structure and can be performed on contemporary cryo‐EM instruments available to many research institutions. Copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), a perchlorinated analogue of CuPc, and indigo crystalline films are imaged. In the case of indigo crystals, co‐existing polymorphs and individual atoms (carbonyl oxygen) can be observed. In the case of CuPc, several polymorphs are observed, including a new one, for which the crystal structure is found based on direct in‐focus imaging, accomplishing real‐space crystal structure elucidation. Such direct analysis can be transformative for structure studies of organic materials.
HectoSTAR μLED Optoelectrodes for Large‐Scale, High‐Precision In Vivo Opto‐Electrophysiology
Authors: Vöröslakos Mihály , Kim Kanghwan , Slager Nathan , Ko Eunah , Oh Sungjin , Parizi Saman S. , Hendrix Blake , Seymour John P. , Wise Kensall D. , Buzsáki György , Fernández‐Ruiz Antonio , Yoon Euisik 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDynamic interactions within and across brain areas underlie behavioral and cognitive functions. To understand the basis of these processes, the activities of distributed local circuits inside the brain of a behaving animal must be synchronously recorded while the inputs to these circuits are precisely manipulated. Even though recent technological advances have enabled such large‐scale recording capabilities, the development of the high‐spatiotemporal‐resolution and large‐scale modulation techniques to accompany those recordings has lagged. A novel neural probe is presented in this work that enables simultaneous electrical monitoring and optogenetic manipulation of deep neuronal circuits at large scales with a high spatiotemporal resolution. The “hectoSTAR” micro‐light‐emitting‐diode (μLED) optoelectrode features 256 recording electrodes and 128 stimulation μLEDs monolithically integrated on the surface of its four 30‐µm thick silicon micro‐needle shanks, covering a large volume with 1.3‐mm × 0.9‐mm cross‐sectional area located as deep as 6 mm inside the brain. The use of this device in behaving mice for dissecting long‐distance network interactions across cortical layers and hippocampal regions is demonstrated. The recording‐and‐stimulation capabilities hectoSTAR μLED optoelectrodes enables will open up new possibilities for the cellular and circuit‐based investigation of brain functions in behaving animals.
Efficient Production of Solar Hydrogen Peroxide Using Piezoelectric Polarization and Photoinduced Charge Transfer of Nanopiezoelectrics Sensitized by Carbon Quantum Dots
Authors: Zhou Xiaofeng , Yan Fei , Lyubartsev Alexander , Shen Bo , Zhai Jiwei , Conesa José C. , Hedin Niklas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPiezoelectric semiconductors have emerged as redox catalysts, and challenges include effective conversion of mechanical energy to piezoelectric polarization and achieving high catalytic activity. The catalytic activity can be enhanced by simultaneous irradiation of ultrasound and light, but the existing piezoelectric semiconductors have trouble absorbing visible light. A piezoelectric catalyst is designed and tested for the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). It is based on Nb‐doped tetragonal BaTiO3 (BaTiO3:Nb) and is sensitized by carbon quantum dots (CDs). The photosensitizer injects electrons into the conduction band of the semiconductor, while the piezoelectric polarization directed electrons to the semiconductor surface, allowing for a high‐rate generation of H2O2. The piezoelectric polarization field restricts the recombination of photoinduced electron–hole pairs. A production rate of 1360 µmol gcatalyst−1 h−1 of H2O2 is achieved under visible light and ultrasound co‐irradiation. Individual piezo‐ and photocatalysis yielded lower production rates. Furthermore, the CDs enhance the piezocatalytic activity of the BaTiO3:Nb. It is noted that moderating the piezoelectricity of BaTiO3:Nb via microstructure modulation influences the piezophotocatalytic activity. This work shows a new methodology for synthesizing H2O2 by using visible light and mechanical energy.
Experimental and Theoretical Advances on Single Atom and Atomic Cluster‐Decorated Low‐Dimensional Platforms towards Superior Electrocatalysts
Authors: He Tianwei , Puente‐Santiago Alain R. , Xia Shiyu , Ahsan Md Ariful , Xu Guobao , Luque Rafael 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe fundamental relationship between structure and properties, which is called “structure‐property”, plays a vital role in the rational designing of high‐performance catalysts for diverse electrocatalytic applications. Low‐dimensional (LD) nanomaterials, including 0D, 1D, 2D materials, combined with low‐nuclearity metal atoms, ranging from single atoms to subnanometer clusters, are currently emerging as rising star nanoarchitectures for heterogeneous catalysis due to their well‐defined active sites and unbeatable metal utilization efficiencies. In this work, a comprehensive experimental and theoretical review is provided on the recent development of single atom and atomic cluster‐decorated LD platforms towards some typical clean energy reactions, such as water‐splitting, nitrogen fixation, and carbon dioxide reduction reactions. The upmost attractive structural properties, advanced characterization techniques, and theoretical principles of these low‐nuclearity electrocatalysts as well as their applications in key electrochemical energy devices are also elegantly discussed.
Chiral porphyrin assemblies
Authors: Zhang Li , Wang Tianyu , Jiang Jianzhuang , Liu Minghua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPorphyrins are among the most important macrocycles because they perform many essential functions in living systems and serve as building blocks in many functional materials. Incorporating the chirality into porphyrins can aid biomimetic research and the exploration of new functional materials. In this review, recent developments in chiral porphyrin assemblies are highlighted. The review is mainly divided into two sections: the different strategies for constructing chiral porphyrin assemblies and the applications. The formation of chiral porphyrin assemblies can be from porphyrin molecules substituted with chiral groups; achiral porphyrins induced by chiral additives and spontaneous deracemizations of achiral porphyrins during the assemblies. We also provide an overview of the applications of chiral porphyrin assemblies in chiral sensing, asymmetry catalysis, circularly polarized luminescence, and so on. The further challenge in the field is discussed.
Subjective cognitive decline and stage 2 of Alzheimer disease in patients from memory centers
Authors: Jessen Frank , Wolfsgruber Steffen , Kleineindam Luca , Spottke Annika , Altenstein Slawek , Bartels Claudia , Berger Moritz , Brosseron Frederic , Daamen Marcel , Dichgans Martin , Dobisch Laura , Ewers Michael , Fenski Friederike , Fliessbach Klaus , Freiesleben Silka D. , Glanz Wenzel , Görß Doreen , Gürsel Selim , Janowitz Daniel , Kilimann Ingo , Kobeleva Xenia , Lohse Andrea , Maier Franziska , Metzger Coraline , Munk Matthias , Preis Lukas , Sanzenbacher Carolin , Spruth Eike , Rauchmann Boris , Vukovich Ruth , Yakupov Renat , Weyrauch Anne‐Sophie , Ziegler Gabriel , Schmid Matthias , Laske Christoph , Perneczky Robert , Schneider Anja , Wiltfang Jens , Teipel Stefan , Bürger Katharina , Priller Josef , Peters Oliver , Ramirez Alfredo , Boecker Henning , Heneka Michael T. , Wagner Michael , Düzel Emrah 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionIt is uncertain whether subjective cognitive decline (SCD) in individuals who seek medical help serves the identification of the initial symptomatic stage 2 of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum.MethodsCross‐sectional and longitudinal data from the multicenter, memory clinic–based DELCODE study.ResultsThe SCD group showed slightly worse cognition as well as more subtle functional and behavioral symptoms than the control group (CO). SCD–A+ cases (39.3% of all SCD) showed greater hippocampal atrophy, lower cognitive and functional performance, and more behavioral symptoms than CO–A+. Amyloid concentration in the CSF had a greater effect on longitudinal cognitive decline in SCD than in the CO group.DiscussionOur data suggests that SCD serves the identification of stage 2 of the AD continuum and that stage 2, operationalized as SCD‐A+, is associated with subtle, but extended impact of AD pathology in terms of neurodegeneration, symptoms and clinical progression.
Lewis Base‐Catalysed Enantioselective Radical Conjugate Addition for the Synthesis of Enantioenriched Pyrrolidinones
Authors: Hartley Will C. , Schiel Florian , Ermini Elena , Melchiorre Paolo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe report a catalytic asymmetric protocol for the preparation of chiral pyrrolidinones proceeding via a radical pathway. The chemistry exploits the combination of photoredox catalysis and Lewis base catalysis to realise the first example of asymmetric radical conjugate addition to α,β‐unsaturated anhydrides and esters. The reaction is initiated by photoredox activation of N‐arylglycines to generate, upon decarboxylation, α‐amino radicals. These radicals are then intercepted stereoselectively by α,β‐unsaturated acyl ammonium intermediates, whose formation is mastered by a chiral isothiourea organocatalyst. Cyclisation leads to catalyst turnover and formation of enantioenriched pyrrolidinones. The utility of the protocol was demonstrated with application to the synthesis of biologically‐active γ‐amino butyric acids.
Photophysical Properties of Fluorescent Labels: A Meta‐Analysis to Guide Probe Selection Amidst Challenges with Available Data
Authors: Cavazos‐Elizondo Daniela , Aguirre‐Soto Alan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFluorescent labels have been paramount in the advancement of molecular biology and related fields, for they unveil Nature's unknowns. Numerous labels have been developed that can be attached to most biomolecules via various labeling chemistries. Practitioners are expected to navigate through the growing libraries of fluorescent probes to select the best one for their target application. It is precisely this vast collection of labels that makes the selection process challenging, often leading to non‐ideal choices. Here, we present a meta‐analysis of fluorescent labels data with the intention of facilitating the selection process. We classify tags into molecular (dyes), macromolecular (proteins), and nanoparticles. Groups are then organised into subgroups by chemical structure. Entries were structured based on cost, absorption and emission wavelengths, Stokes shifts, molar extinction coefficients, quantum yields, lifetimes, and brightness. We correlate chemical composition to available photophysical properties of the fluorophores in their bound‐whenever possible‐and unbound states. The limited access to complete, comparable, and meaningful photophysical data for fluorescent labels and to reliable fluorescence standards, where calibration is still challenging and benchmarks are still ill‐defined, are highlighted to raise critical awareness of the current issues hampering further development of the field.