bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indigenous ecological knowledge systems – Exploring sensory narratives
Authors: Cameron Liz 
Published: January 2022

SummaryThere is little attention focused on how Indigenous Australian people engage with the environment and how other ecologists can include this interdisciplinary approach into their practice. Despite many ecologists' genuine desire to work across cultural fields together, there are some notable differences between Western and Indigenous ideologies. One of these principles involves an embodied process that allows us as Indigenous people to connect, analyse, predict and measure changes in Country. This cultural tool of knowing is bounded in place‐based narratives that are sensory‐driven to filter and guide our field experiences. This article serves as an essential resource for scientists and conservationists to rethink their connections to place through immersive bodily experiences as a meaningful apparatus to increase public environmental stewardship. After all, is it not our desire to inspire ecological thinking within a public domain?
Integrating scientific and Aboriginal knowledge, practice and priorities to conserve an endangered rainforest ecosystem in the Kimberley region, northern Australia
Authors: Lindsay Malcolm , Beames Louise ,   Yawuru Country Managers,   Nyul Nyul Rangers,   Bardi Jawi Rangers
Published: January 2022

SummaryAustralia’s diverse plants and animals evolved for tens of thousands of years with Aboriginal biocultural knowledge, land management and cultural practice. The interdependency of this biocultural knowledge and land management practice is still ecologically relevant today but is only recently being acknowledged in mainstream scientific conservation management processes and research. We present an example of cross‐cultural collaborative management of the endangered monsoon vine thickets of the Dampier Peninsula, West Kimberley, northern Australia. These vine thickets occur as a network of over 80 patches in the lee of coastal dunes on the Peninsula, and are ecologically rich (containing 25% of Peninsula plant species) and culturally important for Peninsula Aboriginal groups for food, medicine, camping, cultural ceremonies and law. Adversely affected by land‐clearing, weeds and wildfires, the vine thickets were listed as nationally endangered in 2013. The overlapping significance of the vine thickets by scientific and Aboriginal knowledge systems resulted in the formation of the Monsoon Vine Thicket Project in 2008 that aimed to document and conserve the ecosystem and its associated culture. The project has grown successfully over 13 years and has been guided by cross‐cultural collaboration principles of respect for: cultural knowledge, practices and priorities; cultural knowledge holders; and long‐term partnerships. The project has resulted in considerable outcomes in weed and fire management; seed collection, propagation and revegetation; community education; and the documentation, transfer and practice of Aboriginal biocultural knowledge. The greatest challenge for the project has been to better prioritise cultural activities, with examples provided of how this can increase benefits to both ecological conservation and cultural maintenance. The project’s strength was its cross‐cultural approach and resultant respectful and trusting relationships that allowed for project flexibility and adaptation and for the collaborative partners to learn and develop capacity. The integration of cultural and scientific knowledge and practice resulted in greater conservation outcomes for monsoon vine thickets of the Dampier Peninsula, and we believe is an important cross‐cultural model for ecosystem management elsewhere in Australia.
Synthesis of Australian cross‐cultural ecology featuring a decade of annual Indigenous ecological knowledge symposia at the Ecological Society of Australia conferences
Authors: Ens Emilie J. , Turpin Gerry 
Published: January 2022

SummaryIndigenous Australians are Australia’s first ecologists and stewards of land, sea and freshwater Country. Indigenous biocultural knowledge, as coded in story, song, art, dance and other cultural practices, has accumulated and been refined through thousands of generations of Indigenous tribal groups who have distinct cultural responsibilities for their ancestral estates. European colonisation of Australia had and is still having severe impacts on Indigenous cultural practice, knowledge, people and Country. In contemporary ecology and environmental management, re‐recognition of the unique values of Indigenous biocultural knowledge and practice is occurring and increasingly being deployed alongside Western approaches in what has been described as cross‐cultural, two‐way or right‐way work. This article describes the development of cross‐cultural ecology and environmental approaches in Australia. We then provide an overview of 10 years of conference presentations associated with the annual Indigenous Ecological Knowledge symposiums of the Ecological Society of Australia (ESA). From 2010 to 2020, 173 people participated in the symposia from around Australia and Aotearoa (New Zealand), of which 62% were Indigenous Australians and 3% Maori. Most participants were from Indigenous Ranger groups followed by University staff, with a roughly even split of men and women. A total of 100 presentations were given and a word frequency analysis of the presentation titles revealed the dominant words (themes) were: Indigenous, management, Country, fire, working, knowledge and cultural. The increasing Indigenous participation in the ESA conferences was coincident with increasing Indigenous‐led projects across Australia, although we recognise that much more work needs to be done to increase Indigenous participation and control in Australian ecology and environmental management to move from cross‐cultural to Indigenous‐led approaches.
Whole‐genome sequencing elucidates the species‐wide diversity and evolution of fungicide resistance in the early blight pathogen Alternaria solani
Authors: Einspanier Severin , Susanto Tamara , Metz Nicole , Wolters Pieter J. , Vleeshouwers Vivianne G.A.A. , Lankinen Åsa , Liljeroth Erland , Landschoot Sofie , Ivanović Žarko , Hückelhoven Ralph , Hausladen Hans , Stam Remco 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEarly blight of potato is caused by the fungal pathogen Alternaria solani and is an increasing problem worldwide. The primary strategy to control the disease is applying fungicides such as succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI). SDHI‐resistant strains, showing reduced sensitivity to treatments, appeared in Germany in 2013, shortly after the introduction of SDHIs. Two primary mutations in the SDH complex (SdhB‐H278Y and SdhC‐H134R) have been frequently found throughout Europe. How these resistances arose and spread, and whether they are linked to other genomic features, remains unknown. For this project, we performed whole‐genome sequencing for 48 A. solani isolates from potato fields across Europe to better characterize the pathogen's genetic diversity in general and understand the development and spread of the genetic mutations that lead to SDHI resistance. The isolates can be grouped into seven genotypes. These genotypes do not show a geographical pattern but appear spread throughout Europe. We found clear evidence for recombination on the genome, and the observed admixtures might indicate a higher adaptive potential of the fungus than previously thought. Yet, we cannot link the observed recombination events to different Sdh mutations. The same Sdh mutations appear in different, non‐admixed genetic backgrounds; therefore, we conclude they arose independently. Our research gives insights into the genetic diversity of A. solani on a genome level. The mixed occurrence of different genotypes, apparent admixture in the populations, and evidence for recombination indicate higher genomic complexity than anticipated. The conclusion that SDHI tolerance arose multiple times independently has important implications for future fungicide resistance management strategies. These should not solely focus on preventing the spread of isolates between locations but also on limiting population size and the selective pressure posed by fungicides in a given field to avoid the rise of new mutations in other genetic backgrounds.
Climatic and stand drivers of forest resistance to recent bark beetle disturbance in European coniferous forests
Authors: Jaime Luciana , Batllori Enric , Ferretti Marco , Lloret Francisco 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBark beetle infestation is a major driver of tree mortality that may be critical for forest persistence under climate change and the forecasted increase of extreme heat and drought episodes. Under this context, the environmental position of host tree populations within the species’ climatic niche (central vs. marginal populations) is expected to be a determinant in the dynamics of insect–host systems. Here, we analyzed the recent patterns of bark beetle disturbance and forest resistance across European coniferous forests during the 2010–2018 period. We obtained bark beetle attack and tree mortality data from successive continental‐scale forest condition surveys on 130 plots including five host trees and five bark beetle species, and characterized the climatic niche of each species. Then, we analyzed the overall forest resistance and species‐specific responses, in terms of bark beetle attack and induced tree mortality, in relation to the distance to the niche optimum of both host tree and beetle species, previous drought events, and plot characteristics. Regional patterns of recent disturbance revealed that forests in central, north, and east of Europe could be at risk under the attack of multivoltine bark beetle species. We found that overall forest resistance to beetle attack was determined by several driving factors, which varied among species responses. Particularly, the environmental position of the affected forest within the host and beetle species’ climatic niche and plot characteristics mediated the influence of drought on the resistance to beetle attack. In turn, forest resistance to induced tree mortality was determined exclusively by the maximum intensity and duration of drought events. Our findings highlight the importance of disturbance interactions and suggest that the joint influence of drought events and bark beetle disturbance will threaten the persistence of European coniferous forests, even in those tree populations close to their species' climatic optimum.
Suburban sprawl measurement and landscape analysis of cropland and ecological land: A case study of Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Tian Yasi , Chen Junyi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSuburban sprawl occurs when suburban construction exceeds the need for urban–rural development. This phenomenon has garnered considerable attention and criticism due to the outcomes of land resource wastage, environmental pollution, loss of green space, and farmland degradation. However, due to the complexity of suburbs, suburban boundaries remain unclear, which increases the difficulty and uncertainty in the assessment of suburban sprawl. To fill the research gap, this study conducted an empirical study of Jiangsu Province to identify the suburban boundaries in 1998 and 2018 using a logistic‐geographically weighted regression model. By constructing a suburban sprawl index, this study estimates the suburban sprawl at a city scale. This study obtained the following findings: first, from 2000 to 2018, the proportion of suburban areas in Jiangsu increased from 14.36% to 23.29%. Second, the ratio of suburban expansion areas to suburban sprawl areas revealed the efficiency of suburban land use. As results, Nantong had the highest ratio value of 4.49, and Nanjing had the smallest ratio value of 0.58. Finally, this study demonstrated the effects of suburban sprawl on cropland and ecological landscape fragmentation. The present study contributes to a new perspective of identifying suburbs and provides suggestions for cropland and ecological land protection.
Road construction, economic growth, and poverty alleviation in China
Authors: Zhou Yang , Tong Chunyang , Wang Yongsheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractImproving transportation infrastructure has been recognized as a necessary instrument for a region to achieve economic growth and poverty alleviation. A systematic assessment of the impact of China's transportation improvements on economic growth and poverty reduction is insufficient, especially in the context of China's targeted poverty alleviation policies. This study first constructed a theoretical framework of road construction promoting economic growth and poverty alleviation. Then, based on county panel data from 2014 to 2018, the spatial analysis technology was applied to investigate the spatio‐temporal patterns of China's road construction and rural poverty alleviation, and finally, a mediating effect model was used to quantitatively measure the impact of road construction on economic growth and poverty alleviation. Results indicate that China has made remarkable achievements in road construction and poverty reduction over the past five years. Road and railway mileage increased by 14 times and 0.66 times, respectively. Road construction in poor areas was dominated by low‐grade roads and railways. There was a mediating effect between road construction and poverty alleviation, and economic growth was the mediating variable between them. The poverty reduction effects of different road levels varied with poverty levels and across regions. But on both the national and regional scale, the poverty reduction effect of road construction was higher than that of railways. The effect of high‐grade road construction on poverty reduction in poor areas was more obvious than that of low‐grade roads. The poverty reduction effect of the primary road construction was 2–3.5 times that of the tertiary road. The poverty reduction effects of railway construction and road construction followed a gradually increasing gradient from east to west. These results indicate that transportation infrastructure construction is an important way to promote economic growth and poverty alleviation in poor areas. Our findings would provide a scientific basis for transportation infrastructure planning and investment decision‐making in less‐developed countries.
Job satisfaction: An explorative study on work characteristics changes of employees in Intralogistics 4.0
Authors: Winkelhaus Sven , Grosse Eric H. , Glock Christoph H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe increasing trend toward digitalization in logistics poses a significant managerial challenge, particularly by fundamentally changing the traditional, manual workplaces in intralogistics. Although intralogistics processes have, in some cases, already been automated or are supported by smart technologies, humans remain an inevitable part of future intralogistics but with changing work characteristics. This study aims to examine the influences of the transition toward Intralogistics 4.0 on work characteristics of intralogistics employees. First, a systematic literature review on work characteristics and job satisfaction in a broader Logistics 4.0 context was conducted. Thereafter, a qualitative, explorative methodology was employed to examine the perception of work characteristics that impact job outcomes such as job satisfaction, motivation, and performance at different Intralogistics 4.0 maturity levels. The results of semi‐structured interviews conducted across seven companies demonstrated the significant, heterogeneous changes of work characteristics related to the type of technology applied in Intralogistics 4.0. Our findings indicate that the development toward Intralogistics 4.0‐implemented workplaces does not have a simple or predefined impact on humans; instead, the individual design is relevant and can improve the workplaces with more opportunities for satisfying and motivating jobs.
CDC48B facilitates the intercellular trafficking of SHORT‐ROOT during radial patterning in roots
Authors: Yang Lihui , Zhu Mingyue , Yang Yi , Wang Ke , Che Yulei , Yang Shurui , Wang Jinxiang , Yu Xin , Li Lixin , Wu Shuang , Palme Klaus , Li Xugang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCELL DIVISION CONTROL PROTEIN48 (CDC48) is essential for membrane fusion, protein degradation, and other cellular processes. Here, we revealed the crucial role of CDC48B in regulating periclinal cell division in roots by analyzing the recessive gen1 mutant. We identified the GEN1 gene through map‐based cloning and verified that GEN1 encodes CDC48B. gen1 showed severely inhibited root growth, increased periclinal cell division in the endodermis, defective middle cortex (MC) formation, and altered ground tissue patterning in roots. Consistent with these phenotypes, CYCLIND 6;1(CYCD6;1), a periclinal cell division marker, was upregulated in gen1 compared to Col‐0. The ratio of SHRpro:SHR‐GFP fluorescence in pre‐dividing nuclei versus the adjacent stele decreased by 33% in gen1, indicating that the trafficking of SHORT‐ROOT (SHR) decreased in gen1 when endodermal cells started to divide. These findings suggest that the loss of function of CDC48B inhibits the intercellular trafficking of SHR from the stele to the endodermis, thereby decreasing SHR accumulation in the endodermis. These findings shed light on the crucial role of CDC48B in regulating periclinal cell division in roots.
Word‐Problem Performance Differences by Schema: A Comparison of Students with and without Mathematics Difficulty
Authors: Arsenault Tessa L. , Powell Sarah R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWord‐problem features such as text complexity, charts and graphs, position of the unknown, calculation complexity, irrelevant information, and schemas impact word‐problem performance. We compared the word‐problem performance of typically achieving (TA) students and students with mathematics difficulty (MD). First, we measured the word‐problem performance of all students for schemas and position of the unknown, followed by the performance of students with MD for schemas, position of the unknown, irrelevant information, and charts or graphs. Across schemas, while TA students outperformed students with MD, all students typically scored higher on Change and Difference problems than on Total problems. For position of the unknown, students often scored highest on problems with the final position unknown. Students with MD also demonstrated higher scores on problems with irrelevant information than charts and graphs. Although patterns emerged, not all problems followed the same trends, suggesting the need for further research to investigate the impact of word‐problem features on word‐problem accuracy.
Supporting women with learning disabilities in infant feeding decisions: A scoping review
Authors: Johnson Clare , Douglass Emma , Lucas Geraldine , Dowling Sally 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMothers with learning disabilities face many challenges during the perinatal period including preparing for and establishing infant feeding. Evidence shows that women with learning disabilities are less likely to breastfeed than other mothers. A scoping review was undertaken using Arksey and O'Malley's methodology to understand what is known about how women with learning disabilities can be supported to make infant feeding decisions, particularly in relation to the use of appropriate and accessible images. An additional aim was to understand what further research is needed to achieve sustainable improvements to policy and practice in this area. A comprehensive search of fourteen electronic databases was undertaken to look for both published and grey literature. Initial searches, after removal of duplicates, resulted in 467 primary research articles plus 22 items of grey literature. Following a systematic process, three published papers and six items of grey literature were identified which met inclusion and exclusion criteria, five of which were resources. Little is known about the acceptability of existing resources, specifically in relation to the use of visual images. A synthesis of the grey literature and a thematic analysis of published literature was conducted and confirmed that women with learning disabilities need tailored support with infant feeding, including accessible resources and that there is a need for more in‐depth research in this area. There is a high level of agreement about the importance of using easily read visual images within these resources, but little evaluation of the types of imagery used or their aesthetic histories.
Multiplex qPCR assay to determine Leishmania infantum load in Lutzomyia longipalpis sandfly samples
Authors: Mota Tiago Feitosa , Brodskyn Claudia Ida , Morello Luis Gustavo , Marchini Fabricio Klerynton , Krieger Marco Aurelio , de Cássia Pontello Rampazzo Rita , Fraga Deborah Bittencourt Mothé 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to develop a multiplex qPCR to detect Leishmania infantum load in different sandfly sample settings using Leishmania kDNA and sandfly vacuolar ATPase (VATP) subunit C as internal control gene. The amplification of Lutzomyia longipalpis VATP gene was evaluated together with Leishmania infantum kDNA in a multiplex reaction. The concentration of VATP gene oligonucleotides was adjusted until no statistically significant difference was observed between all multiplex standard curves and singleplex curves, that is, only kDNA amplification. Limit of detection (LoD) was measured using a probit model and a cut‐off defined by receiver operating characteristic analysis. Limit of quantification (LoQ) was assessed by a linear model using the coefficient of variation threshold of 25%. After assuring VATP gene amplification, its primer–probe concentrations were best at 100 nM/10 nM, respectively. The cut‐off Cq value for L. infantum kDNA was defined as 35.46 with 100% of sensitivity and specificity. A total of 95% LoD was determined to be of 0.162 parasites while LoQ was 5.858. Our VATP/kDNA multiplex qPCR assay shows that it can be used to evaluate both DNA integrity and determine L. infantum load in L. longipalpis even for low yielded samples, that is, individual midguts.
A tale of two empires: Models of political community in British and French colonies
Authors: Lange Matthew , Jeong Tay , Gaudreau Charlotte 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSince colonial times, many have argued that British and French colonial rule differed in fundamental ways, and recent works exploring colonial legacies build on these claims to suggest that different forms of rule promoted contrasting postcolonial outcomes. Yet many historians and sociologists argue that claims of interimperial differences are inaccurate, overlook important similarities among British and French colonies, and overstate the influence of colonialism. In this article, we test these opposing positions through a multimethod analysis that focuses on the colonial models of political community. Through a statistical analysis of different colonial policies, we provide evidence that the general British model of political community was relatively pluralist whereas the French colonial model was usually highly integrative. And through a comparative‐historical analysis, we offer insight into the different origins of both: The French colonial model was influenced by the dominant model in France and metropolitan political concerns, whereas anticolonialism in India contributed to the rise and proliferation of the more pluralist British model.
Expert Witnessing in the Asylum Economy
Authors: Moodie Ellen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHomeland Security lawyers routinely ask experts in immigration court cases about compensation for their labor. The suggestion is that if money has been exchanged, perhaps their opinions have been bought. Meanwhile, pro bono offerings can be seen as “activism”—motivated beyond the court‐framed “truth.” Even as I offer many declarations pro bono, I have come to recognize, uneasily, my role in an extended network of coyote types who convey people to safety. In this contribution, I delve into personal discomfort as I consider the expert's position in the political economy of migrant movement today.