bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mayo normative studies: A conditional normative model for longitudinal change on the Auditory Verbal Learning Test and preliminary validation in preclinical Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Alden Eva C. , Lundt Emily S. , Twohy Erin L. , Christianson Teresa J. , Kremers Walter K. , Machulda Mary M. , Jack Clifford R. , Knopman David S. , Mielke Michelle M. , Petersen Ronald C. , Stricker Nikki H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to develop a conditional normative model for Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) that accounts for practice effects.MethodsIn our normative sample, robust conditional norms were derived from 1001 cognitively unimpaired (CU) adults ages 50 to 89 who completed the AVLT up to eight times. Linear mixed‐effects models adjusted for baseline performance, prior test exposures, time, demographics, and interaction terms. In our preliminary validation, mean performance on conditional and typical normative scores across two to four completed follow‐up tests in preclinical Alzheimer's disease participants at baseline with positive amyloid and tau positron emission (n = 27 CU amyloid [A]+tau[T]+) was compared to biomarker negative individuals (n = 269 CU A–T–).ResultsAVLT performance using typical norms did not differ across A+T+ and A–T– groups. Conditional norms z‐scores were lower in the A+T+ relative to the A–T– group for 30‐minute recall (P = .033) and sum of trials (P = .030).DiscussionConditional normative methods that account for practice effects show promise for identifying longitudinal cognitive decline.
Sex differences in the vulnerability of the hippocampus to prenatal stress
Authors: Soti Monavareh , Ranjbar Hoda , Kohlmeier Kristi A. , Shabani Mohammad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDistressing events during pregnancy that engage activity of the body's endocrine stress response have been linked with later life cognitive deficits in offspring and associated with developmental changes in cognitive‐controlling neural regions. Interestingly, prenatal stress (PS)‐induced alterations have shown some sex specificity. Here, we review the literature of animal studies examining sex‐specific effect of physical PS on the function and structure of the hippocampus as hippocampal impairments likely underlie PS‐associated deficits in learning and memory. Furthermore, the connectivity between the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and the hippocampus as well as the heavy presence of glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) in the hippocampus suggests this structure plays an important role in modulation of activity within stress circuitry in a sex‐specific pattern. We hope that better understanding of sex‐specific, PS‐related hippocampal impairment will assist in uncovering the molecular mechanisms behind sex‐based risk factors in PS populations across development, and perhaps contribute to greater precision in management of cognitive disturbances in this vulnerable population.
The moderating role of emotional intelligence in the link between self‐esteem and symptoms of eating disorders
Authors: Peláez‐Fernández María Angeles , Romero‐Mesa Juana , Franco‐Paredes Karina , Extremera Natalio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis research aimed to explore the moderating role of emotional intelligence (EI) in the relationship between self‐esteem and eating disorders (ED) symptomatology.MethodA battery of online questionnaires was administered to a sample of 516 adults including university students and a community population. The sample, age range of 18–77 years (X = 38.90; SD = 14.76), was made up of 63% women and 32% men.ResultsEI moderated the association between self‐esteem and ED symptomatology for the total sample. However, a gender‐specific analysis showed that the moderation effect was only significant for women. Specifically, when women reported a low level of self‐esteem, those with high scores in EI reported lower scores in ED symptoms than those with low EI.DiscussionOur findings are discussed in terms of the need for future research to understand the different gender associations and to consider these differences in further intervention programs for reducing the risk of ED, in which training in emotional skills may be more beneficial for women than men.
Allometry of behavior and niche differentiation among congeneric African antelopes
Authors: Daskin Joshua H. , Becker Justine A. , Kartzinel Tyler R. , Potter Arjun B. , Walker Reena H. , Eriksson Fredrik A. A. , Buoncore Courtney , Getraer Alexander , Long Ryan A. , Pringle Robert M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSize‐structured differences in resource use stabilize species coexistence in animal communities, but what behavioral mechanisms underpin these niche differences? Behavior is constrained by morphological and physiological traits that scale allometrically with body size, yet the degree to which behaviors exhibit allometric scaling remains unclear; empirical datasets often encompass broad variation in environmental context and phylogenetic history, which complicates the detection and interpretation of scaling relationships between size and behavior. We studied the movement and foraging behaviors of three sympatric, congeneric spiral‐horned antelope species (Tragelaphusspp.) that differ in body mass—bushbuck (26–40 kg), nyala (57–83 kg), and kudu (80–142 kg)—in an African savanna ecosystem where (i) food was patchily distributed due to ecosystem engineering by fungus‐farming termites and (ii) predation risk was low due to the extirpation of several large carnivores. Because foraging behavior is directly linked to traits that scale allometrically with size (e.g., metabolic rate, locomotion), we hypothesized that habitat use and diet selection would likewise exhibit nonlinear scaling relationships. All three antelope species selected habitat near termitaria, which are hotspots of abundant, high‐quality forage. Experimental removal of forage from termite mounds sharply reduced use of those mounds by bushbuck, confirming that habitat selection was resource driven. Strength of selection for termite mounds scaled negatively and nonlinearly with body mass, as did recursion (frequency with which individuals revisited locations), whereas home‐range area and mean step length scaled positively and nonlinearly with body mass. All species disproportionately ate mound‐associated plant taxa; nonetheless, forage selectivity and dietary composition, richness, and quality all differed among species, reflecting the partitioning of shared food resources. Dietary protein exhibited the theoretically predicted negative allometric relationship with body mass, whereas digestible‐energy content scaled positively. Our results demonstrate cryptic size‐based separation along spatial and dietary niche axes—despite superficial similarities among species—consistent with the idea that body‐size differentiation is driven by selection for divergent resource‐acquisition strategies, which in turn underpin coexistence. Foraging and space‐use behaviors were nonlinearly related to body mass, supporting the hypothesis that behavior scales allometrically with size. However, explaining the variable functional forms of these relationships is a challenge for future research.
Wind power prediction based on wind speed forecast using hidden Markov model
Authors: Ghasvarian Jahromi Khatereh , Gharavian Davood , Mahdiani Hamid Reza 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study examines a new approach for short‐term wind speed and power forecasting based on the mixture of Gaussian hidden Markov models (MoG‐HMMs). The proposed approach focuses on the characteristics of wind speed and power in the consecutive hours of previous days. The proposed method is carried out in two steps. In the first step, for the hourly prediction of wind speed, several wind speed features are employed in MoG‐HMM, and in the second step, the results obtained from the first step along with their characteristics and wind power features are used to predict wind power estimation. To increase the prediction accuracy, the data used in each step are classified, and then for each class, one HMM with its specific parameters is used. The performance of the proposed approach is examined using real NREL data. The results show that the proposed method is more precise than other examined methods.
Current trends in carotid body tumors: Comprehensive review
Authors: Gonzalez‐Urquijo Mauricio , Castro‐Varela Alejandra , Barrios‐Ruiz Alanna , Hinojosa‐Gonzalez David E. , Salas Ana Karen Garza , Morales Erick Ambriz , González‐González Mirna , Fabiani Mario Alejandro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCarotid body tumor (CBT) is a rare neoplasm that has been increasingly studied during the last decades; nevertheless, it continues to be a topic of controversy. This review aims to provide an update on the general features of CBT and particularly review different treatment strategies and primary outcomes.MethodsData for this literature review were identified by PubMed, Scopus, and Medline. 93 articles from the initial search were included, as well as 28 relevant studies utilizing the snowballing method; totaling 121 articles about CBT.ResultsMain features such as anatomy, embryology, genetics, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of CBT are presented, followed by evidence of different treatment strategies such as radiotherapy, preoperative embolization, vascular resection, and vascular reconstruction. Main complications are also discussed.ConclusionThis review summarizes the most critical aspects regarding CBT. Future studies should compare different treatments to attain the best surgical results with lower morbidity rates.
Inhibition of mPGES‐2 ameliorates NASH by activating NR1D1 via heme
Authors: Zhong Dandan , Cai Jie , Hu Cheng , Chen Jingshuo , Zhang Rumeng , Fan Chenyu , Li Shanshan , Zhang Hongxing , Xu Zhou , Jia Zhanjun , Guo Dong , Sun Ying 
Published: July 2022

Background and Aims:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a complex metabolic syndrome, has limited therapeutic options. Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase‐2 (mPGES‐2) was originally discovered as a prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthase; however, it does not produce PGE2 in the liver. Moreover, the role of mPGES‐2 in NAFLD remains undefined. Herein, we aimed to determine the function and mechanism of mPGES‐2 in liver steatosis and steatohepatitis.

Approach and Results:
To evaluate the role of mPGES‐2 in NAFLD, whole‐body or hepatocyte‐specific mPGES‐2–deficient mice fed a high‐fat or methionine‐choline‐deficient diet were used. Compared with control mice, mPGES‐2–deficient mice showed reduced hepatic lipid accumulation, along with ameliorated liver injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. Furthermore, the protective effect of mPGES‐2 deficiency against NAFLD was dependent on decreased cytochrome P450 4A14 and increased acyl‐CoA thioesterase 4 levels regulated by the heme receptor nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (NR1D1), but not PGE2. Heme regulated the increased NR1D1 activity mediated by mPGES‐2 deficiency. Further, we confirmed the protective role of the mPGES‐2 inhibitor SZ0232 in NAFLD therapy.

Conclusion:
Our study indicates the pathogenic role of mPGES‐2 and outlines the mechanism in mediating NAFLD, thereby highlighting the therapeutic potential of mPGES‐2 inhibition in liver steatosis and steatohepatitis.
Hippocampal dentate gyrus integrity revealed with ultrahigh resolution diffusion imaging predicts memory performance in older adults
Authors: Granger Steven J. , Colon‐Perez Luis , Larson Myra Saraí , Phelan Michael , Keator David B. , Janecek John T. , Sathishkumar Mithra T. , Smith Anna P. , McMillan Liv , Greenia Dana , Corrada Maria M. , Kawas Claudia H. , Yassa Michael A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMedial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy is a core feature of age‐related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD). While regional volumes and thickness are often used as a proxy for neurodegeneration, they lack the sensitivity to serve as an accurate diagnostic test and indicate advanced neurodegeneration. Here, we used a submillimeter resolution diffusion weighted MRI sequence (ZOOMit) to quantify microstructural properties of hippocampal subfields in older adults (63–98 years old) using tensor derived measures: fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD). We demonstrate that the high‐resolution sequence, and not a standard resolution sequence, identifies dissociable profiles for CA1, dentate gyrus (DG), and the collateral sulcus. Using ZOOMit, we show that advanced age is associated with increased MD of the CA1 and DG as well as decreased FA of the DG. Increased MD of the DG, reflecting decreased cellular density, mediated the relationship between age and word list recall. Further, increased MD in the DG, but not DG volume, was linked to worse spatial pattern separation. Our results demonstrate that ultrahigh‐resolution diffusion imaging enables the detection of microstructural differences in hippocampal subfield integrity and will lead to novel insights into the mechanisms of age‐related memory loss.
The role of digital transformation in improving customer satisfaction: An empirical study on Egyptian hotels
Authors: Abdel‐Hamid Talaat A. , Ahmed Mohamed Abd el Aziz Sayed , Zohry Mohamed Abdel Fattah , Elshabrawy Ghada Atef , Elgohary Esam Mohamed 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNowadays, the acceleration toward digital transformation changes both the way business is done and customers behavior; so hotels have to keep pace with this rapid evolution and seek to digital transformation by adopting the advanced information technologies. This research was conducted with the aim of examining the effect of digital transformation on customer satisfaction so the research focuses on the most prominent information technologies related to the guest‐cycle stages. The problem of this paper is summarized in the absence of the related literature in this subject concerning to the Egyptian hotels, as well as the lack of hotel managers and employees' awareness of the optimal utilization of information technologies, in addition to the shortage of the implemented advanced ITs in hotels. So, a survey was applied on 400 respondents in four and five‐star hotel guests in three Egyptian cities, Cairo, Sharm‐Elshiekh and Hurghada, to investigate the impact of guest‐cycle ITs on customer‐satisfaction in order to determine which set of ITs in the guest‐cycle stages can affect the customers satisfaction, as well as determine the differences between guests perceptions toward the study variables and the differences between their preferences toward using ITs according to their demographic features including; nationality, age and gender. The results revealed the importance of all guest‐cycle ITs for customer satisfaction, as each of them has a significant effect on customer satisfaction. As well as, the guests' preferences toward using ITs differ only according to their nationality.
Cholesterol‐dependent cytolysins: The outstanding questions
Authors: Johnstone Bronte A. , Joseph Riya , Christie Michelle P. , Morton Craig J. , McGuiness Conall , Walsh James C. , Böcking Till , Tweten Rodney K. , Parker Michael W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe cholesterol‐dependent cytolysins (CDCs) are a major family of bacterial pore‐forming proteins secreted as virulence factors by Gram‐positive bacterial species. CDCs are produced as soluble, monomeric proteins that bind specifically to cholesterol‐rich membranes, where they oligomerize into ring‐shaped pores of more than 30 monomers. Understanding the details of the steps the toxin undergoes in converting from monomer to a membrane‐spanning pore is a continuing challenge. In this review we summarize what we know about CDCs and highlight the remaining outstanding questions that require answers to obtain a complete picture of how these toxins kill cells.
Prophylactic administration of rosmarinic acid ameliorates depression‐associated cardiac abnormalities in Wistar rats: Evidence of serotonergic, oxidative, and inflammatory pathways
Authors: Verma Himanshu , Shivavedi Naveen , Tej Gullanki N. V. C. , Kumar Mukesh , Nayak Prasanta K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPsychiatric disorders and associated cardiac comorbidities have increased the risk of mortality worldwide. Researchers reported that depression increases the possibility of future cardiac abnormalities by approximately 30%. Therefore, there is an unmet need to develop therapeutic interventions to treat depression and associated cardiac abnormalities. The present study was conducted to evaluate the prophylactic effect of rosmarinic acid (RA) against chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)‐induced depression associated cardiac abnormalities in Wistar rats. The CUS paradigm, which comprised several stressors, was employed for 40 days to induce depressive‐like behavior and associated cardiac abnormalities in rats. Along with CUS, RA at a dose of 25 and 50 mg/kg was administered orally to two groups of animals for 40 days. Behavioral tests (forced swim test and sucrose consumption test) and molecular biomarkers (corticosterone and serotonin) were performed. Electrocardiography was performed before CUS (Day 0), Day 20, and Day 40 to study electrocardiogram parameters. Furthermore, changes in body weight, organ weight, tissue lipid peroxidation, glutathione, catalase, cTn‐I, MMP‐2, and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α and IL‐6) were estimated. Our results showed that RA treatment caused a reduction in immobility period, adrenal hyperplasia, corticosterone level, tissue lipid peroxidation, cTn‐I, MMP‐2, proinflammatory cytokines, and QRS complex duration, while an increase in sucrose consumption, brain serotonin level, T‐wave width, glutathione, and catalase activity as compared with the CUS‐control group. The results of our study proved that RA administration ameliorates CUS‐induced depression‐associated cardiac abnormalities in rats via serotonergic, oxidative, and inflammatory pathways.
MiR‐630 suppresses non‐small cell lung cancer by targeting vimentin
Authors: Wang Bin , Li Jie , Li Yulin , Liang Tao , Chu Xiangyang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to clarify the function of miR‐630 on non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.MethodsQuantitative real‐time PCR was utilized to detect the mRNA expression of miR‐630 and vimentin (VIM) in NSCLC tissues and cells. The protein expression of VIM, P53, Caspase‐3, Bcl‐2, Bax and JAK2/STAT3 was evaluated via Western blot. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay was applied to evaluate whether VIM is the target gene of miR‐630. The migration, invasion, proliferation and apoptosis of NSCLC cells were examined by wound‐healing assay, transwell assay, CCK‐8 assay, and flow cytometry, respectively.ResultsMiR‐630 was lowly expressed in NSCLC tissues and cells, while VIM was highly expressed in NSCLC cells. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay data validated that miR‐630 directly targeted VIM. MiR‐630 overexpression inhibited VIM expression, but the inhibition of miR‐630 upregulated VIM expression. Besides, miR‐630 mimics restrained cell migration, invasion, and proliferation, and promoted NSCLC cell apoptosis. Whereas, VIM overexpression partly attenuated the inhibitory effect of miR‐630 on NSCLC cells. Moreover, miR‐630 mimics impeded p‐JAK2 and p‐STAT3 protein expression; and miR‐630 inhibitor upregulated p‐STAT3 and VIM protein expression, which was reversed after the addition of STAT3 inhibitor C188‐9.ConclusionMiR‐630 constrained the progression of NSCLC by inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 pathway and downregulating VIM expression.
Whole‐exome sequencing identified five novel de novo variants in patients with unexplained intellectual disability
Authors: Zhang Wenqiu , Hu Li , Huang Xinyi , Xie Dan , Wu Jiangfen , Fu Xiaoling , Liang Daiyi , Huang Shengwen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntellectual disability (ID) represents a neurodevelopmental disorder, which is characterized by marked defects in the intellectual function and adaptive behavior, with an onset during the developmental period. ID is mainly caused by genetic factors, and it is extremely genetically heterogeneous. This study aims to identify the genetic cause of ID using trio‐WES analysis.MethodsWe recruited four pediatric patients with unexplained ID from non‐consanguineous families, who presented at the Department of Pediatrics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital. Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing validation were performed in the patients and their unaffected parents. Furthermore, conservative analysis and protein structural and functional prediction were performed on the identified pathogenic variants.ResultsWe identified five novel de novo mutations from four known ID‐causing genes in the four included patients, namely COL4A1 (c.2786T>A, p.V929D and c.2797G>A, p.G933S), TBR1 (c.1639_1640insCCCGCAGTCC, p.Y553Sfs*124), CHD7 (c.7013A>T, p.Q2338L), and TUBA1A (c.1350del, p.E450Dfs*34). These mutations were all predicted to be deleterious and were located at highly conserved domains that might affect the structure and function of these proteins.ConclusionOur findings contribute to expanding the mutational spectrum of ID‐related genes and help to deepen the understanding of the genetic causes and heterogeneity of ID.
Association between squamous cell carcinoma antigen level and EGFR mutation status in Chinese lung adenocarcinoma patients
Authors: Zhang Shuying , Gao Jianxiong , Niu Rong , Ye Jiru , Ma Jinhong , Jiang Lijuan , Shao Xiaonan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the association between squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCAg) level and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status in Chinese lung adenocarcinoma patients.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 293 patients with lung adenocarcinoma, divided into EGFR mutant group (n = 178) and EGFR wild‐type group (n = 115). The general data and laboratory parameters of the two groups were compared. We used univariable and multivariable logistic regression to analyze the association between SCCAg level and EGFR mutation. Generalized additive model was used for curve fitting, and a hierarchical binary logistic regression model was used for interaction analysis.ResultsSquamous cell carcinoma antigen level in the EGFR wild‐type group was significantly higher than that in the mutant group (p < 0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, we found that elevated SCCAg was associated with a lower probability of EGFR mutation, with an OR of 0.717 (95% CI: 0.543–0.947, p = 0.019). For the tripartite SCCAg groups, the increasing trend of SCCAg was significantly associated with the decreasing probability of EGFR mutation (p for trend = 0.015), especially for Tertile 3 versus Tertile 1 (OR = 0.505; 95% CI: 0.258–0.986; p = 0.045). Curve fitting showed that there was an approximate linear negative relationship between continuous SCCAg and EGFR mutation probability (p = 0.020), which was first flattened and then decreased (p < 0.001). The association between the two was consistent among different subgroups, suggesting no interaction (all p > 0.05).ConclusionThere is a negative association between SCCAg level and EGFR mutation probability in Chinese lung adenocarcinoma patients.