bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio: a useful predictor of amputation in patients with Necrotizing fasciitis: Diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Paul Patrick , Vineed S , Chisthi Meer M , Yadev Induprabha 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Necrotizing fasciitis is the rapidly progressive inflammation of fascia, with necrosis of subcutaneous tissues and subsequent high morbidity and even mortality. Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio, Systemic Immune-inflammation Index and Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio are recently being used as severity indicators in inflammatory conditions. This study attempted to find the usefulness of these three ratios as predictors of amputation in necrotizing fasciitis.Methods: This was a cross sectional study in a tertiary level teaching institution in South India, from January 2018 until January 2019. 175 patients with clinical diagnosis of Necrotizing Fasciitis were studied and data analysed to find out the diagnostic accuracy of relevant study parameters. Results: 13 out of the 175 patients had to undergo amputation. Diabetes mellitus, infection with Klebsiella and E.coli, low serum albumin and high blood glucose were found to be the most common factors associated with amputation. Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio had acceptable sensitivity and very good specificity. Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio also had an area under curve of 0.726. Multivariate logistic regression revealed Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio to be the primary hazard factor with an Odds Ratio of 9.64.Conclusion: Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and to some extent Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio and Systemic Immune-inflammation Index are good predictors of amputation in patients with Necrotizing fasciitis. These simple and easily available laboratory tests can be included in the diagnostic panel for these patients and to titrate the treatment.
Efficacy and safety of broad spectrum penicillins with or without beta-lactamase inhibitors versus 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins as prophylactic antibiotics at cesarean section: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Song Qianqian , Yan Jingjing , Bu Na , Fei Weidong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose To assess the efficacy and safety between broad spectrum penicillins with or without beta-lactamase inhibitors versus 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins in prevention of post-caesarean infections.Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing broad spectrum penicillins with or without beta-lactamase inhibitors to 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins were searched in foreign databases, such as the Cochrane Library, PubMed and EMBASE, and chinese databases, including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) WanFang Data and China Science and Technology Journal Database(CSTJ). The included RCTs were analyzed by the software Rev Man 5.4.Results A total of nine RCTs, 1998 patients were involved. Six trials compared broad spectrum penicillins plus beta-lactamase inhibitors versus 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins, we found there were no differences between interventions for endometritis(RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.57–1.26, I2 = 0.0%), wound infection(RR 1.28, 95% CI 0.53–3.12, I2 = 0.0%), urinary tract infection(RR 1.70, 95% CI 0.06–47.34, I2 = 79%), febrile morbidity(RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.32–2.84, 1 study), maternal rashes(RR 1.20, 95% CI 0.26–5.58, I2 = 0.0%). Four trials compared broad spectrum penicillins versus 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins, we found there were no differences between interventions for endometritis(RR 3.22, 95% CI 0.45–22.89, I2 = 64%), febrile morbidity(RR 1.93, 95% CI 0.48–7.83, I2 = 84%), wound infection(RR 1.19, 95% CI 0.20–6.97, I2 = 70%), urinary tract infection(RR 9.00, 95% CI 0.49–163.90, 1 study). The postoperative length of stay was longer for women in the broad spectrum penicillins group than 1st generation cephalosporins group(MD 1.50, 95% CI 0.54–2.46, 1 study). Conclusion Based on the results of this study, broad spectrum penicillins with or without beta-lactamase inhibitors and 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins may have similar efficacy at caesarean section regarding postoperative infections. PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42022345721.
Reappraising Ultrasonography Role in Assessment of Surgical Causes of Acute Abdominal Pain in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Elrouby Ahmed , Morsi Esra , Elnoueim Khaled , Montaser Moataz 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
BackgroundUltrasound (US) is considered the preferred imaging tool to evaluate the surgical causes of acute abdominal pain.MethodsOur study aimed to reappraise the role of US in the evaluation of surgical causes of acute abdominal pain in pediatric patients by the identification and differentiation of its different pathologies.ResultsOur study included 120 pediatric patients who were presented to Elshatby University Hospital with acute abdominal pain due to a surgical cause from November 2019 to November 2020. The age of the studied patients ranged from five days to 18 years old. The study included 64 males (53.3%) and 56 females (46.6%). Appendicitis was the most common pathology among our studied patients being diagnosed in 40 patients (33.3%); it was correctly diagnosed by US in 36 patients and by Computerized Tomography (CT) in four patients. Other diagnosed pathologies included intussusception in 16 patients (13.3%), acute acalculous cholecystitis in eight patients (6.7%), midgut volvulus in eight patients (6.7%), renal stones in eight patients (6.7%), endometrioma in four patients (3.3%), pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction in four patients (3.3%), appendicular mass in four patients (3.3%), hemorrhagic cyst in eight patients (6.7%), ovarian torsion in eight patients (6.7%) and ureteric stones in 12 patients (10%). The overall sensitivity and specificity of US in the diagnosis of different pathologies in our study was 88.5% and 88.2% respectively with different percentage among different pathologies.ConclusionsUS is a reliable diagnostic imaging tool for the assessment of pediatric patients with acute abdomen due to surgical causes with high efficiency in differentiation between various pathological entities. Trial registration: Our manuscript has been retrospectively registered
Effects of transport stress on the oxidative index, apoptosis and autophagy in the small intestine of caprine
Authors: Peng Ruini , Gao Fan , Zheng Wenya , Liu Ben , Yang Xue , Hu Wei , Zheng Lucheng , Fan Qingcan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background Introducing new goat breeds or moving adult goat meat from the farm to the slaughterhouse requires transportation. However, the transportation process can engender potential adverse effects on these animals, such as oxidative stress, pathological cell apoptosis and autophagy. Current evidence suggests that malondialdehyde (MDA) is a metabolite of oxidative stress, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) can alleviate the injury caused by free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body. Meanwhile, Bcl-2, Bax, LC3B, PINK1 and Parkin are important proteins that participate in pathological cell apoptosis and autophagy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of transportation stress on oxidative stress indexes and expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, LC3B, PINK1 and Parkin in the small intestine of goats. Twelve healthy adult male goats from western Jiangxi province were randomly divided into control, 2h transportation stress, and 6h transportation stress groups (n = 4 per group). Results Our results showed that MDA in the small intestine increased significantly after transportation, while SOD and CAT activities decreased, with a significantly increased apoptosis rate of the small intestine. The highest apoptosis rate of the jejunum and duodenum was in the 2h and 6h transportation groups, respectively. The expression of apoptosis-related genes Bcl-2 and Bax and their corresponding proteins exhibited varying degrees of downregulation or upregulation, while the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax genes in the small intestine were upregulated in the 6h transportation group. In addition, autophagosomes and autophagolysosomes were found in various parts of the small intestine by transmission electron microscopy, and the expression levels of autophagy-related genes LC3B, PINK1 and Parkin were significantly downregulated in the 2h group and upregulated in the 6h group. Conclusions Our results indicate that the contents of MDA, SOD and CAT in the small intestine, the expression of pathologic apoptosis-related genes Bcl-2 and Bax, and autophagy-related genes LC3B, PINK1 and Parkin correlated with the stress duration caused by transportation. Moreover, this study provides a foothold for further studies on the mechanism of transportation stress in goats for prevention and treatment.
Harmaline from Peganum harmala alkaloid: eco-friendly and highly effective larvicidal potential against the larvae of deltamethrin-resistant strain of the vector mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Shen Jianyun , Li Jinmei , Jiang Shuanglin , Jiang Nan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the potential of harmaline as new, safe and more effective larvicidal of mosquitoes, lethal and sublethal effects of harmaline against the larvae of deltamethrin-resistant strain of Aedes albopictus were studied, under laboratory conditions. Laboratory bioassays were performed to determine the lethal and sublethal effects of harmaline on the larvae of Ae. albopictus, according to the standard WHO larval susceptibility test methods. The results indicated that harmaline exhibited strong larvicidal activity against the mosquito larvae, and the lethal effect on larval mortality of Ae. albopictus increased in a concentration-dependent manner. The mortality of four instar larvae peaked at 72 h after exposure. Among four instar larvae tested, the first-instar larvae was the most sensitive to harmaline with LC50 value of 23.02 mg/L, and the fourth-instar larvae was the most tolerant to harmaline with LC50 value of 42.58 mg/L at 72 h after exposure. In addition, sublethal dosage (LC10 and LC30) of harmaline could significantly delay the development of larval and pupae (P < 0.05). And LC30 concentration of harmaline also significantly decreased the pupation and adult emergence rates of larvae treated (P < 0.05). The present study demonstrated that harmaline has a significant toxic effects against the deltamethrin-resistant strain larvae of Ae. albopictus. Particularly, harmaline might still cause markedly sublethal effects to the larvae, even at very low concentration (LC10) of harmaline. It is, therefore, worth further exploring the use of harmaline as a potential larvicide against vector mosquitos. four larval stages of Ae.albopictus.
Metal oxides enhance the absorption performance of N-methyldiethanolamine solution during the carbon dioxide capture process
Authors: Nie Yuming , Li Ye , Wang Huanjun , Guo Dongfang , Liu Lianbo , Fu Yonghong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fly ash from coal-fired power plants can enter chemical absorbents along with flue gas. Silica and metal oxides are the main components of fly ash. To explore the effect of the metal oxides on absorbents, we analyzed the integrated CO2 absorption–desorption process using N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) as the standard and an amine absorbent after adding different metal oxides. The effects of each metal oxide on CO2 capture by the MDEA solution, including CO2 reaction heat, absorption rate, cyclic loading, and carbonation rate, were assessed. It was found that supplementation with appropriate calcium oxide and magnesium oxide proportions accelerates the CO2 absorption rate and shortens the saturation time of the MDEA solution by 9%-17%. The CO2 reaction heat of the MDEA solution increased by 95% after adding magnesium oxide, significantly increasing the energy consumption of the desorption process. Based on the experimental studies, The increase in CO2 absorption rate by MDEA after adding MgO and CaO may be mediated through two different mechanisms.
The Link Between Mindfulness, Static and Dynamic Balance Among Elite Athletes
Authors: TOKAT Fatma , TİNGAZ Emre Ozan , GÜNAY Mehmet 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The current study seeks to investigate the link between mindfulness, static and dynamic balance among elite athletes. 77 elite athletes (Mage=19.03 years, SD = 3.00) completed a Demographic Information Form and the Mindfulness Inventory for Sport. In addition, Y Balance Test and Flamingo Test were used for balance measurements. Simple correlation analysis indicated that overall mindfulness was not significantly related to dynamic and static balance. However, the awareness subscale of mindfulness was negatively correlated with dynamic balance. In addition, the results of the regression showed that the awareness subscale of mindfulness significantly predicted dynamic balance. Findings suggest that awareness, albeit low, may be an important predictor of dynamic balance in elite athletes.
Choline and Methionine Protected in Crossbred Cows Diets
Authors: Mendes Bhremer Pereira , Teixeira Rafael Monteiro Araújo , Pirozzi Pietro Farsoun , Júnior Arnaldo Prata Neiva , Cappelle Edilson Rezende , Lopes Sidnei Antônio , Silva Paulo Sérgio Dornelas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the effects of providing protected choline and methionine on the productive performance and milk quality of crossbred cows. Twenty-four animals were used, distributed in randomized blocks according to the number of days in lactation. The treatments were: control, treatment with the addition of 50g of methionine (Methionine), treatment with the addition of 100g of choline (Choline) and finally the treatment with a blend of the two amino acids 100g of choline and 50g of protected methionine (COL/MET). At the beginning of the experiment, milk was weighed, which was repeated every 7 days to measure production. Every 21 days, individual milk samples were collected to prepare the physicochemical composition. In the weeks interspersed with the individual collection, the milk from each treatment was taken separately in order of treatment for the production of fresh Minas cheese and yield evaluation. Data were submitted to analysis of variance in a randomized block design, using a significance coefficient of 5.0% and Tukey's test to compare treatments. No significant differences were observed for production, milk composition and cheese yield, but the supplemented animals showed a greater persistence of production, with a reduction in production from the beginning to the end in the smaller experiment when compared to the control treatment. Additives did not increase milk production and economic yield of cheeses, but improved lactation persistence.
Modeling of optimized lattice mismatch by carbon-dioxide laser annealing on (In, Ga) co-doped ZnO multi-deposition thin films introducing designed bottom layers
Authors: Yun Jaeyong , Baek Jin Su , Bae Min-Sung , Kim Tae Wan , Koh Jung-Hyuk 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, modeling of optimized lattice mismatch by carbon-dioxide annealing on (In, Ga) co-doped ZnO multi-deposition thin films were investigated by analyzing the crystallography and optical analysis. (In, Ga) co-doped ZnO multi-deposition thin films with various types of bottom layers were fabricated on sapphire substrates by solution synthesis, spin coating process and carbon-dioxide laser irradiation with post annealing. (In, Ga) co-doped ZnO multi-deposition thin films with Ga-doped ZnO as the bottom layer showed the lowest mismatch rate between the substrate and the bottom layer of the film. The carbon-dioxide laser annealing process can improve electrical properties by reducing lattice mismatch. After applying the carbon-dioxide laser annealing process to the (In, Ga) co-doped ZnO multi-deposition thin films with Ga-doped ZnO as the bottom layer, the optimized sheet resistance of 34.5 kΩ/sq and a high transparency rate of nearly 90% in the visible light wavelength region were obtained.
Basic Developmental Characteristics of the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera Fruiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Reared Under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Marri Dinah , Mensah Samuel Adjei , Kotey Daniel Ashie , Abraham John , Billah Maxwell Kelvin , Osae Michael 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The life cycle of the invasive alien insect pest, Fall armyworm (FAW), was studied using a colony established from field-collected larvae. Eggs, neonate larvae and newly emerged adult moths were used in the experiments to determine the basic biology of the FAW. Matured females laid up to 1184 eggs with mean fecundity of 469 ± 22 eggs per female. Incubation period of eggs and percentage hatchability were 2–3 days and 80–87% respectively. Larval lengths from first to sixth instar were 4.63, 6.60, 9.76, 15.86, 25.13 and 27.81 mm respectively. Larval weights were 0.003, 0.019, 0.045, 0.050, 0.060 and 0.067 g respectively for six instars. The mean head capsule of the sixth instar larva was 2.76 mm. Total larval duration throughout the six instar stages was 16–18 days, while pupal weight and length were 0.16 g and 1.9 cm respectively. Pupal duration was between 8 and 14 days with a mean of 10.35 ± 0.26 days, with percentage emergence reaching a maximum of 94, and with a mean of 80.25%. Total life cycles periods of male and female FAW were 33–44 and 36–49 days respectively under laboratory conditions. Adult copulation occurred between 8 and 11 pm, with the peak period occurring at 9 pm. This study provides baseline information about the basic biology of the FAW. Apart from being an important reference point for future research on FAW, the data provided would aid FAW management decision making.
Psychometric validation of Quality of Dying and Death in Brazilian family members
Authors: Benichel Cariston Rodrigo , Meneguin Silmara , Pollo Camila Fernandes , Oliveira Cesar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Context: Death is a complex, subjective phenomenon that requires the understanding of experiences to provide care and qualification of the end-of-life process.
Objective: To analyze the psychometric properties of the portuguese version (Brazil) of the Quality of Dying and Death (QODD) scale on family members of patients who died in adult intensive care units.
Methods: A methodological study was conducted with 326 family members of patients that died in three ICUs of public hospitals in the state of SP, Brazil. For such, the QODD 3.2a (25 items and six domains) was administered in the period from December 2020 to March 2022. The analysis was performed using the classic theory of tests as well as exploratory factor analysis. The goodness of fit of the model was tested using confirmatory factor analysis. Concurrent validity was evaluated using Spearman’s correlation coefficients between the scores of the overall scale and domains. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used for the evaluation of internal consistency and temporal stability, respectively.
Results: Horn’s parallel analysis indicated two factors that were not confirmed in the exploratory factor analysis. A single factor retained 18 of the initial 25 items and the analysis of the goodness of fit to the unidimensional model resulted in the following: CFI = 0.7545, TLI = 0.690, chi-squared = 767.33, df = 135, RMSEA = 0.121 with 90%CI and p = 5.04409e-98. The inter-item correlations indicated a predominance of weak correlations among the items of the instrument. The items with the largest number of moderate correlations were questions 13b, 9b and 10b and a strong correlation was found between questions 15b and 16b. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.8 and the ICC was 0.9.
Conclusion: The Quality of Dying and Death – Version 3.2a (intensive therapy) in Brazilian Portuguese has a unidimensional structure and acceptable reliability, but did not obtain a good fit to the proposed factorial model.
Integration of Rs, Gis and Ahp Technique for Assessing Ground Water Potential Zones in and Around Valliyur Region, Tirunelveli District, Tamilnadu, India
Authors: A Antony Alosanai Promilton. , A Antony Ravindran , M Suganthi , R Sakthi Priya 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
There are numerous hydrogeological characteristics that define the groundwater potential zones of groundwater aquifers. Through the use of remote sensing, GIS, and AHP methods, the study's main goals are to highlight the prospective conditions of various areas and choose appropriate locations for possible groundwater zones. There are 55 villages in the research area, which is located in and around the Valliyur area of the Tirunelveli district in Tamil Nadu, India. The research elucidates seven essential topic levels, which are as follows: Maps of the lithology, geomorphology, drainage density, lineament density, slope, soil, and land use and landcover are included. For the preparation of each theme layer, data was gathered from several sources. The AHP method was then used to assign Weightage and Ranks for each thematic layer based on how significant they were in terms of groundwater potential. Finally, the weighted overlay method is used to identify zones with five different groundwater potential levels, such as Very Low, Low, Medium, High, and Very High zones. The findings showed that the results from the AHP technique were significantly more accurate.
A new hybrid genetic algorithm with tabu search forsolving the temporal coverage problem using rotatingdirectional sensors.
Authors: Eshaghi Mahboobeh , Nodehi Ali , Mohamadi Hosein 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In recent years, technological developments of directional sensors and wireless sensor networks have resulted in the emergence of an innovative class of wireless sensor networks termed ”directional sensor networks”. The nature of this type of sensors has led to substantial problems associated with these networks. One of the most important problems in this context is coverage problem that arises due to the nature of the directional sensor nodes. The coverage can be measured in two ways: positional or temporal. In temporal coverage, the directional sensors rotate periodically round themselves in a repetitive process. Thus, in each time slot, those targets that are positioned within the sensor nodes radius receive their desired coverage. In this model, if a target is left uncovered, it is said that the target has remained in darkness. The main task defined for the temporal coverage model is the minimization of the total dark time for all the targets in the network. To solve the temporal coverage problem, this paper presents a hybridized model comprising Genetic Algorithms (GAs) and Tabu Search (TS). Such hybridization was performed to get benefits of solution space explorations done by GA together with the solution exploitation that is realized by TS. In the proposed model, GA acts as the main algorithm and TS is added to enhance the individuals of the population. The proposed hybrid model is mainly aimed to identify the best initial directions of the existing sensors in such a way that the total dark time could be minimized. The results obtained from the experiments conducted for evaluation of the algorithm performance confirmed the superiority of the proposed hybrid algorithm over the other algorithms (whose results were compared to those of the proposed one) in terms of minimizing the total dark time of the targets.