bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
K+ Induced Phase Transformation of Layered Titanium Disulfide Boosts Ultrafast Potassium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Zhu Hezhen , He Qiu , Xiong Ting , Wang Xuanpeng , Xiao Zhitong , Wang Hong , Zhao Yan , Xu Lin , Mai Liqiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPotassium dual‐ion batteries (K‐DIBs) have invoked considerable interest owing to their high safety and power density. However, achieving high‐rate and good cyclability anodes for K‐DIBs is still a grand challenge. Herein, layered TiS2 is proposed as an attractive anode for K‐DIBs, which achieves a discharge capacity of 91.0 mA h g−1 while being discharged/charged to 2000 cycles in half cells. Interestingly, such a stable capacity is attributed to the mechanism of the K+ induced phase transformation. In situ characterizations and first principles calculations reveal that the inserted K+ acts as pillar between the Ti‐S layers producing the thermodynamically stable K0.25TiS2 phase eventually. The robust K0.25TiS2 phase shows enlarged interlayer space, enhanced electronic conductivity, and lower diffusion barrier that enable highly stable and fast storage of K+. Moreover, a novel K‐DIB based on TiS2 anode and mesocarbon microbead cathode is reported for the first time. The K‐DIB achieves a reversible capacity of 75.6 mA h g−1 at 100 mA g−1 and excellent cyclability with 85.8% capacity retention over 1000 discharge/charge at 5000 mA g−1. Such mechanistic research provides new insights into the reaction process of layered sulfides/selenides and will facilitate their application in safe and high‐power K‐DIBs.
Field‐Induced Structural Transitions in Liquid Crystal Microemulsions
Authors: Kim MinSu , Manda Ramesh , Lee DaYeon , Lee Jae‐Won , Nauman Asad , Kim Hak‐Rin , Lee Seung Hee 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLiquid crystal (LC) droplets have fascinating properties, such as anisotropic properties, in response to external stimuli. As LC droplet size may determine the proper application of soft composites, various results from numerical simulations and experimental observations of LC droplets are reported. Here, detailed topological responses of individual bipolar droplets to electric fields, are shown. The integration of each response influences the entire electro‐optic behavior. Monodispersed LC bipolar droplets are fabricated in a polyvinyl alcohol‐dissolved aqueous solution via a membrane‐emulsification method. The planar anchoring, provided by the polyvinyl alcohol surface, and surface elasticity, guide the entire LC director configuration, associated with topological defects, in the droplets. By simply blade‐coating the solution, bipolar axes of the droplets can be randomly placed on a flat substrate. Two different subsequential stages are found when applying voltages: 1) director reorientation, which is threshold‐less and 2) topological defect movement, which exhibits a threshold‐like behavior. Various initial directions of the bipolar axes with respect to the field direction provide the transition voltage between these two stages. It is believed that this study can provide important clues to handle several fundamental issues in electro‐optics of encapsulated LCs, such as the determination of response times, threshold, and operating voltages.
Cucurbit[8]uril Confined 6‐Bromoisoquinoline Derivative Dicationic Phosphorescent Energy Transfer Supramolecular Switch for Lysosome Targeted Imaging
Authors: Wang Hui‐Juan , Xing Wen‐Wen , Zhang Heng‐Yi , Xu Wen‐Wen , Liu Yu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPhosphorescent materials constructed by macrocyclic host confined guest has become a research hotspot in bioimaging. Herein, a highly efficient phosphorescent light‐harvesting supramolecular switch constructed by cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) encapsulated dicationic 6‐bromoisoquinoline derivative (G), sulfonatocalix[4]arene (SC4AD), near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescence dyes, and diarylethene molecular switch (1) is reported. First, the resulting supramolecular foldamer formed by G and CB[8] works as a phosphorescent donor with phosphorescence at 605 nm. When secondary assembling with SC4AD, the phosphorescent emission peak of G⊂CB[8] generates a hypsochromic shift to 583 nm with a 6.4‐fold enhancement of intensity. Further, NIR fluorescence dyes Nile Blue (NiB) and Sulfo‐Cyanine 5 (cy5) are introduced to the assembly as acceptors to construct phosphorescent light‐harvesting systems. As expected, light‐harvesting systems with energy transfer efficiency of 57.5%/75.7% and a high antenna effect of 359.7/247.7 are constructed at an efficient donor/acceptor ratio of 100:1/15:2 for NiB and cy5, respectively. After co‐assembly with diarylethene derivative (1), the phosphorescence transferred from G⊂CB[8]@SC4AD/NiB (or cy5) to 1 and caused the photoluminescence quenching after irradiation by 365 nm light. And the photoluminescence of the light‐harvesting system was restored with the irradiation by >450 nm light. The highly efficient phosphorescent light‐harvesting system is applied to lysosome targeted imaging in HeLa cells and information encryption.
Transition‐metal‐catalyzed Heteroannulation Reactions in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Dawood Kamal M. , Alaasar Mohamed 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWater, as green solvent, was reported as a suitable solvent for a huge number of catalyzed organic transformations. The suitability of several transition metal catalysts, such as palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, gold, silver, copper, nickel, cobalt, platinum, iridium, indium and cerium for organic heteroannulation reactions in water (as a pure solvent), in a mixed water/organic solvent or in the presence of a stoichiometric ratio of water were also extensively reviewed. Such catalysts played important roles in modern organic syntheses and heteroannulation reactions. In addition, the use of multicomponent reaction pathways under different heating tools (conventional, microwave or ultrasound) were also discussed.
Performance evaluation of produced biopolymers by native strains on enhanced oil recovery
Authors: Kaboli Afrooz , Jafari Arezou , Azarhava Hadi , Mousavi Seyyed Mohammad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBio(polymer) flooding is one of the most promising strategy used to recover additional oil from mature reservoirs. Bio(polymers) decrease the mobility ratio, improving the sweep efficiency of injected fluid and consequently, increasing oil recovery. Therefore, in this research seven unknown strains were isolated from the soil of the Masjed‐Soleiman oil field, and then studied for biopolymer production. After biopolymer production and viscosity tests, two of the best strains were selected. Their performances were evaluated in the enhanced oil recovery in micromodel media. The main purpose of this research is to identify the biopolymer‐producing species, but the effective parameters in the production of more biopolymers and enhanced oil recovery are also evaluated and optimized. The experiments optimized by the Design Expert software by the general factorial method. The parameters evaluated include different types of strains, biopolymer concentration (three levels of 500, 5500, and 10,500 ppm) and the salinity of the injected fluid (three levels of 0%, 0.5%, and 10%). The best performance in oil recovery for both strains of TMU57 and TMU59 are considered in the biopolymer concentration of 10,500 ppm and the concentration of NaCl equal to 10 wt%. The values of the ultimate oil recovery in these conditions with the strains of TMU57 and TMU59 were 47% and 63%, respectively.
Population genetic structure of the endemic fish Gambusia marshi from the Cuatro Ciénegas basin and its outflow in Coahuila, Mexico
Authors: Xie Jia Yan , Kim Kyung Seok , Powell Dylan , Espinosa‐Pérez Hector , Moody Eric K. , Roe Kevin J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

The valley of Cuatro Ciénegas in Coahuila, Mexico, has the highest degree of local endemism of any habitat in North America. Despite the arid desert climate, the basin harbours an extensive system of permanent streams, wetlands, and spring‐fed pools, and is divided into two sub‐basins by the central Sierra de San Marcos y Pinos.
Microsatellite loci were surveyed to infer the genetic diversity and population structure of Gambusia marshi, a poeciliid fish endemic to the Cuatro Ciénegas basin and the Río Salado de Nadadores in north‐east Mexico.
Bayesian clustering analysis revealed four genetic populations within G. marshi and a major east–west division corresponding to the Sierra de San Marcos y Pinos.
Most sample sites exhibited high levels of genetic differentiation, although there is evidence for recent gene flow between some of these locations. The population of G. marshi in Poza Anteojo is extremely divergent, and appears to represent a remnant of a different historical system. The G. marshi in Poza Anteojo should be considered an independent management unit.
Documenting the number and distribution of distinct populations of G. marshi provides additional justification for protecting the Cuatro Ciénegas basin from additional water withdrawals and further homogenization via the construction of additional canals.
By analysing the population structure of a widespread species within a region containing many range‐restricted and endemic species, these results shed new light on historical connections among aquatic ecosystems and raise awareness of the possibility that units of conservation concern may exist in other, more range‐restricted taxa in the Cuatro Ciénegas basin and encourage the assessment of their conservation status.
The results also have implications for species in arid regions in other parts of the world that may also harbour as yet unrecognized isolated populations worthy of conservation.
Design, synthesis, and in silico studies of tetrahydropyrimidine analogs as urease enzyme inhibitors
Authors: Ahangarzadeh Nazli , Shakour Neda , Rezvanpoor Sadaf , Bakherad Hamid , Pakdel Mohammad H. , Farhadi Ghazaleh , Sepehri Saghi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe urease enzyme, a metalloenzyme having Ni2+ ions, is recognized in some bacteria, fungi, and plants. Particularly, it is vital to the progress of infections induced by pathogenic microbes, such as Proteus mirabilis and Helicobacter pylori. Herein, we reported the synthesis of a series of tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives and evaluated their antiurease activity. Finally, quantitative and qualitative analyses of the derivatives were performed via in silico studies. Urease inhibitory activity was determined as the reaction of H. pylori urease with different concentrations of compounds, and thiourea was used as a standard compound. Docking and dynamics methodologies were applied to study the interactions of the best compounds with the amino acids in the active site. All compounds showed good to excellent antiurease activity. The potent compounds were not cytotoxic against the HUVEC normal cell line. Based on the docking study, compound 4e with the highest urease inhibitory activity (IC50 = 6.81 ± 1.42 µM) showed chelates with both Ni2+ ions of the urease active site. Further, compound 4f displayed a very good inhibitory activity (IC50 = 8.45 ± 1.64 μM) in comparison to thiourea (IC50 = 22.03 ± 1.24 μM). The molecular docking and dynamics simulation results were correlated with the in vitro assay results. Moreover, the derivatives 4a–n followed Lipinski's rule‐of‐five and had drug‐likeness properties.
Membrane shaping proteins, lipids, and cytoskeleton: Recipe for nascent lipid droplet formation
Authors: Apte Manasi S. , Joshi Amit S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLipid droplets (LDs) are ubiquitous, neutral lipid storage organelles that act as hubs of metabolic processes. LDs are structurally unique with a hydrophobic core that mainly consists of neutral lipids, sterol esters, and triglycerides, enclosed within a phospholipid monolayer. Nascent LD formation begins with the accumulation of neutral lipids in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) bilayer. The ER membrane proteins such as seipin, LDAF1, FIT, and MCTPs are reported to play an important role in the formation of nascent LDs. As the LDs grow, they unmix from the highly charged ER membrane to form mature LDs. LD biogenesis is an exciting, emerging research area, and herein, we discuss the recent progress in our understanding of the formation of eukaryotic nascent LDs. We focus on the role of ER membrane shaping proteins such as reticulons and reticulon‐like proteins, membrane lipids, and cytoskeleton proteins such as septin in the formation of nascent LDs.
Effects of enthusiastic and non‐enthusiastic voice in praise on the behavior of children with autism and typically developing children
Authors: Gale Catherine M. , Eikeseth Svein , Eikeseth Fillip Ferreira 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBehavioral intervention manuals for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) commonly recommend that praise should be delivered in an enthusiastic tone of voice. Only a few studies, however, have explicitly tested this assumption, and results have been mixed. This study therefore compared the effects of enthusiastic and non‐enthusiastic tone of voice in praise on the behavior of children with ASD. We also examined how typically developing (TD) children responded to enthusiastic and non‐enthusiastic praise. Participants were 21 children with ASD matched on developmental age with the chronological age of 20 TD children. The effects of enthusiastic and non‐enthusiastic praise were assessed using an application on a tablet computer designed to isolate tone of voice as a variable in vocally delivered praise. Two buttons produced the same six praise statements, one with an enthusiastic tone of voice and one with a neutral tone of voice. Results showed that the children with ASD, on average, allocated more responding to the square on the tablet computer producing enthusiastic praise as compared to the square producing non‐enthusiastic praise. In addition, higher rates of responding to non‐enthusiastic praise correlated positively with higher IQ, suggesting that non‐enthusiastic praise was more effective for children with ASD with higher cognitive scores. The TD children, in contrast, did not allocate more responding to either the squares, suggesting that tone of voice in praise was not an important variable for the behavior of TD children.
Quantifying research on anatomical structures, a potential new metric for assessing clinical relevance
Authors: Dahl Eric J. , Hira Sarika , Geisler Jonathan H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHuman anatomy remains an integral part of medical education, and recent studies have documented an emerging consensus on the key anatomical learning objectives for physicians and other health professionals in training, both at the graduate and postgraduate levels. Despite this progress, less attention has been given to assessing the clinical relevance of individual anatomical structures, and which structures students should master to achieve these learning objectives. In this study we hypothesized that published research involving individual anatomical structures is largely driven by the clinical relevance of these structures, and that tabulating the number of such publications can provide an up‐to‐date, evolving metric of clinical relevance. To test this hypothesis, we developed a semi‐automated search routine that uses the PubMed database to quantify the publication frequency of anatomical structures and compared that to a previous study that assessed the importance of structures of the head and neck using the Delphi method, a formal procedure of generating expert consensus. Using our new approach, we were able to rank the research intensity of 2182 anatomical structures included in Grant's Dissector, a widely used textbook for anatomical dissection. Furthermore, a sample of these PubMed‐derived ranks had a highly significant, positive correlation with ranks derived from a consensus of experts. Similar results were obtained when PubMed searches were restricted to journals that focus on applying knowledge in a clinical setting. Our study provides a potential new tool for anatomical educators who are aligning their basic science curricula with the clinical knowledge expected of medical graduates.
Conservative management of congenital hepatic hemangioma complicated by ascites
Authors: Hoornaert Emmy , Clapuyt Philippe , Dumitriu Dana , Niel Olivier , Huybrechts Sophie , Scheers Isabelle , Sokal Etienne , Reding Raymond , Stephenne Xavier 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInvolution of a rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma is an unknown cause of neonatal ascites. As involution phase is completed by 14 months after birth, conservative management with diuretics and drainage is possible and may avoid surgical resection.
Evaluation of abnormal gallbladder imaging findings: Surgical management and pathologic correlations in early‐stage gallbladder cancer
Authors: Spartz Ellen J. , Wheelwright Matthew , Mettler Tetyana , Amin Khalid , Azeem Nabeel , Hassan Mohamed , Ankeny Jacob , Harmon James V. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGallbladder cancer is a rare but potentially fatal disease. It is often asymptomatic in early stages and is frequently found incidentally or during the workup for benign biliary disease. We present two patients who each had suspicious gallbladder imaging findings and highlight their differences on radiologic and pathologic examination.
Radio‐induced simultaneous development of squamous cell carcinoma and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of scalp
Authors: Malakoutikhah Zahra , Mohaghegh Fatemeh , Derakhshan Maryam , Mehdizadeh Mohammad Javad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRadiotherapy was commonly applied to treat benign skin diseases such as tinea capitis. Some patients treated with radiation have developed skin malignancies over the years. This article reported a 72‐year‐old man presenting with two distinct non‐melanoma skin tumors on his scalp, including squamous cell carcinoma and metastatic pleomorphic sarcoma.
Rare non‐syndromic bilateral maxillary and mandibular permanent canine agenesis
Authors: Marya Anand , Karobari Mohmed Isaqali , Heboyan Artak 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOligodontia or absence of teeth such as the Canines is rare and is often accompanied with several other missing teeth. This condition may also be accompanied with morphological and growth related changes in the teeth and the maxillofacial complex. Complete agenesis of the permanent canines in the maxilla and the mandible is extremely rare and occurs in association with syndromic oligodontia. Non‐syndromic absence of canines however, is extremely rare and has only been reported twice. Studies have shown that the incidence of missing canines is more in females. This report describes a sporadic case of congenital absence of maxillary and mandibular bilateral canines. The patient reported to the clinic with a chief complaint of crowding and wanted alignment. On intra‐oral examination it was observed that the patient had all permanent canines missing with no prior history of extractions, crowding in both the arches and class I molars on both sides. With no other symptoms fixed orthodontic therapy was planned for the patient with premolars substituted for the canines.
Immediate postnatal central hypothyroidism caused by maternal Graves' disease: Importance of early screening
Authors: Tochibora Saho , Hori Tomohiro , Mori Mai , Matsumoto Hideki , Otsuka Hiroki , Sasai Hideo , Ito Yuko , Kasahara Yukiko , Kawamoto Norio , Ohnishi Hidenori 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis report illustrates a case of central hypothyroidism in a newborn immediately after birth caused by maternal Graves' disease. Infants from mothers with Graves' disease require careful examination without waiting for neonatal screening results, even though the mother's thyroid function is normal at birth or the newborn does not have goiter.
Advances towards Cell‐Specific Gene Transfection: A Small‐Molecule Approach Allows Order‐of‐Magnitude Selectivity
Authors: Dirksmeyer Thies , Stahl Paul , Vallet Cecilia , Knauer Shirley , Giese Michael , Schmuck Carsten , Hirschhäuser Christoph 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Christoph Hirschhäuser and his colleagues from the University of Duisburg‐Essen. The image depicts a biotin‐labelled transfection vector selectively channelling DNA into a cancer cell. The QR code on the label will lead you to a video abstract (https://youtu.be/OgXfBPZTKGA). Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202104618.
A secure lightweight anonymous elliptic curve cryptography‐based authentication and key agreement scheme for fog assisted‐Internet of Things enabled networks
Authors: Verma Upendra , Bhardwaj Diwakar 
Published: July 2022

SummaryThe fog assisted‐Internet of Things (IoT) enabled network has been a novel topic in recent years. With the rapid development of the IoT, it is imperative to accomplish security in the fog computing environment. The surface for cryptographic attacks is expanded since the fog node can analyze, store, and process data between cloud and IoT device. This article proposes elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) based mutual authentication and key agreement scheme to support secure communication between device and fog server. In this work, we have formally analyzed the proposed scheme using the most widely accepted automated validation of Internet security protocols and application (AVISPA) tool. The informal security analysis of the proposed scheme shows that the proposed method is robust against several attacks. The performance analysis has been evaluated in terms of computation and storage overhead. The security and performance analysis with theoretical proof indicates that proposed scheme attains better security than related schemes.
Seasonal variation of genotypes and reproductive plasticity in a facultative clonal freshwater invertebrate animal (Hydra oligactis) living in a temperate lake
Authors: Miklós Máté , Laczkó Levente , Sramkó Gábor , Barta Zoltán , Tökölyi Jácint 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFacultative sexual organisms combine sexual and asexual reproduction within a single life cycle, often switching between reproductive modes depending on environmental conditions. These organisms frequently inhabit variable seasonal environments, where favorable periods alternate with unfavorable periods, generating temporally varying selection pressures that strongly influence life history decisions and hence population dynamics. Due to the rapidly accelerating changes in our global environment today, understanding the population dynamics and genetic changes in facultative sexual populations inhabiting seasonal environments is critical to assess and prepare for additional challenges that will affect such ecosystems. In this study, we aimed at obtaining insights into the seasonal population dynamics of the facultative sexual freshwater cnidarian Hydra oligactis through a combination of restriction site‐associated sequencing (RAD‐Seq) genotyping and the collection of phenotypic data on the reproductive strategy of field‐collected hydra strains in a standard laboratory environment. We reliably detected 42 MlGs from the 121 collected hydra strains. Most of MLGs (N = 35, 83.3%) were detected in only one season. Five MLGs (11.9%) were detected in two seasons, one (2.4%) in three seasons and one (2.4%) in all four seasons. We found no significant genetic change during the 2 years in the study population. Clone lines were detected between seasons and even years, suggesting that clonal lineages can persist for a long time in a natural population. We also found that distinct genotypes differ in sexual reproduction frequency, but these differences did not affect whether genotypes reappeared across samplings. Our study provides key insights into the biology of natural hydra populations, while also contributing to understanding the population biology of facultative sexual species inhabiting freshwater ecosystems.