bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-Term Creatine Supplementation and Repeated Sprint Ability—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Glaister Mark , Rhodes Lauren 
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of short-term creatine supplementation on repeated sprint ability. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria of adopting double-blind randomized placebo-controlled designs in which participants (age: 18–60 years) completed a repeated sprint test (number of sprints: 4 < n ≤ 20; sprint duration: ≤10 s; recovery duration: ≤90 s) before and after supplementing with creatine or placebo for 3–7 days in a dose of ∼20 g/day. No exclusion restrictions were placed on the mode of exercise. Meta-analyses were completed using random-effects models, with effects on measures of peak power output, mean power output, and fatigue (performance decline) during each repeated sprint test presented as standardized mean difference (δ), and with effects on body mass and posttest blood lactate concentration presented as raw mean difference (D). Relative to placebo, creatine resulted in a significant increase in body mass (D = 0.79 kg; p < .00001) and mean power output (δ = 0.61; p = .002). However, there was no effect of creatine on measures of peak power (δ = 0.41; p = .10), fatigue (δ = 0.08; p = .61), or posttest blood lactate concentration (D = 0.22 L/min; p = .60). In conclusion, creatine supplementation may increase mean power output during repeated sprint tests, although the absence of corresponding effects on peak power and fatigue means that more research, with measurements of intramuscular creatine content, is necessary to confirm.
Loss of seryl-tRNA synthetase (SARS1) causes complex spastic paraplegia and cellular senescence
Authors: Verdura Edgard , Senger Bruno , Raspall-Chaure Miquel , Schlüter Agatha , Launay Nathalie , Ruiz Montserrat , Casasnovas Carlos , Rodriguez-Palmero Agustí , Macaya Alfons , Becker Hubert Dominique , Pujol Aurora 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundAminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARS) are key enzymes catalysing the first reactions in protein synthesis, with increasingly recognised pleiotropic roles in tumourgenesis, angiogenesis, immune response and lifespan. Germline mutations in several ARS genes have been associated with both recessive and dominant neurological diseases. Recently, patients affected with microcephaly, intellectual disability and ataxia harbouring biallelic variants in the seryl-tRNA synthetase encoded by seryl-tRNA synthetase 1 (SARS1) were reported.MethodsWe used exome sequencing to identify the causal variant in a patient affected by complex spastic paraplegia with ataxia, intellectual disability, developmental delay and seizures, but without microcephaly. Complementation and serylation assays using patient’s fibroblasts and anSaccharomyces cerevisiaemodel were performed to examine this variant’s pathogenicity.ResultsAde novosplice site deletion inSARS1was identified in our patient, resulting in a 5-amino acid in-frame insertion near its active site. Complementation assays inS. cerevisiaeand serylation assays in both yeast strains and patient fibroblasts proved a loss-of-function, dominant negative effect. Fibroblasts showed an abnormal cell shape, arrested division and increased beta-galactosidase staining along with a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (raised interleukin-6, p21, p16 and p53 levels).ConclusionWe refine the phenotypic spectrum and modes of inheritance of a newly described, ultrarare neurodevelopmental disorder, while unveiling the role of SARS1 as a regulator of cell growth, division and senescence.
How to become a successful scientist: the 2022 CSMB Arthur Wynne Gold Medal Lecture
Authors: Reithmeier Reinhart A.F. 
Published: August 2022

There are many pathways to success. Mine followed a traditional one to an academic faculty position, but this pathway is not the one most life sciences PhD graduates will follow today. We have all had time during the COVID-19 pandemic to reflect on our personal pathway—where we are and where we are going. In this reflection, I outline five steps on my pathway to success: Train with the best. Discover something. Mentor others. Go beyond. Promote science. I will provide examples from my personal journey that I hope will resonate with the reader as they create their pathway to success.
Computational study on the interactions of functionalized C24NC (NC=C, –OH, –NH2, –COOH, and B) with chloroethylphenylbutanoic acid
Authors: Inah Bassey E. , Louis Hitler , Benjamin Innocent , Unimuke Tomsmith O. , Adeyinka Adedapo S. 
Published: August 2022

Computational chemistry approach based on density functional theory (DFT) was utilized to investigate the interaction, adsorption behaviour, electronic and structural properties of nanostructured complexes formed by 4-(4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)butanoic acid (CPB) and all carbon fullerene nanocage, (C24NC), boron functionalized carbon nanocage (C24NC@B@CPB), carboxylate functionalized (C24NC@COOH@CPB), amino functionalized (C24NC@NH2@CPB), and hydroxy functionalized (C24NC@OH@CPB) nanostructured materials. To understand effectively the interaction of the drug and surface, topological analysis was conducted via the atoms in molecule (quantum theory of atoms in molecules) and noncovalent interaction approach. Electronic properties such as quantum chemical descriptors, natural bond orbital and nonlinear optics are equally considered and reported. All computations were achieved at the B3LYP-D3 and ωB97XD levels of theory with the 6-311++G(d, p) basis set. The results indicate that the adsorption energy of CPB on C24NC and its functionalized derivatives are in the range of −0.52 to 2.89 eV indicating that physisorption and chemisorption mechanism are prevalent mechanisms of adsorption. C23B@CPB, C24OH@CPB, and C24NH2@CPB were observed to possess the best characteristics to be considered as transport vehicles for CPB due to their strong adsorption nature (chemisorption) and solubility in solution.
Generative Datalog with Continuous Distributions
Authors: Grohe Martin , Kaminski Benjamin Lucien , Katoen Joost-pieter , Lindner Peter 
Published: August 2022

Arguing for the need to combine declarative and probabilistic programming, Bárány et al. (TODS 2017) recently introduced a probabilistic extension of Datalog as a “purely declarative probabilistic programming language.” We revisit this language and propose a more principled approach towards defining its semantics based on stochastic kernels and Markov processes—standard notions from probability theory. This allows us to extend the semantics to continuous probability distributions, thereby settling an open problem posed by Bárány et al.
We show that our semantics is fairly robust, allowing both parallel execution and arbitrary chase orders when evaluating a program. We cast our semantics in the framework of infinite probabilistic databases (Grohe and Lindner, LMCS 2022) and show that the semantics remains meaningful even when the input of a probabilistic Datalog program is an arbitrary probabilistic database.
Pan-Cancer Analysis of Canonical and Modified miRNAs Enhances the Resolution of the Functional miRNAome in Cancer
Authors: Distefano Rosario , Tomasello Luisa , Rampioni Vinciguerra Gian Luca , Gasparini Pierluigi , Xiang Yujia , Bagnoli Marina , Marceca Gioacchino P. , Fadda Paolo , Laganà Alessandro , Acunzo Mario , Ma Qin , Nigita Giovanni , Croce Carlo M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Epitranscriptomic studies of miRNAs have added a new layer of complexity to the cancer field. Although there is fast-growing interest in adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) miRNA editing and alternative cleavage that shifts miRNA isoforms, simultaneous evaluation of both modifications in cancer is still missing. Here, we concurrently profiled multiple miRNA modification types, including A-to-I miRNA editing and shifted miRNA isoforms, in &gt;13,000 adult and pediatric tumor samples across 38 distinct cancer cohorts from The Cancer Genome Atlas and The Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments data sets. The differences between canonical miRNAs and the wider miRNAome in terms of expression, clustering, dysregulation, and prognostic standpoint were investigated. The combination of canonical miRNAs and modified miRNAs boosted the quality of clustering results, outlining unique clinicopathologic features among cohorts. Certain modified miRNAs showed opposite expression from their canonical counterparts in cancer, potentially impacting their targets and function. Finally, a shifted and edited miRNA isoform was experimentally validated to directly bind and suppress a unique target. These findings outline the importance of going beyond the well-established paradigm of one mature miRNA per miRNA arm to elucidate novel mechanisms related to cancer progression.

Significance:
Modified miRNAs may act as cancer biomarkers and function as allies or antagonists of their canonical counterparts in gene regulation, suggesting the concurrent consideration of canonical and modified miRNAs can boost patient stratification.
An Alternatively Spliced p62 Isoform Confers Resistance to Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
Authors: Guo Qianying , Wang Hao , Duan Jiahao , Luo Wenwu , Zhao Rongrong , Shen Yuting , Wang Bijun , Tao Siqi , Sun Yi , Ye Qian , Bi Xiaomin , Yuan Hui , Wu Qiang , Lobie Peter E. , Zhu Tao , Tan Sheng , Huang Xing , Wu Zhengsheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Resistance to chemotherapy remains a major obstacle to the successful treatment of breast cancer. More than 80% of patients who receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) do not achieve a pathologic complete response. In this study, we report a novel p62 mRNA isoform with a short 3′-UTR (untranslated region; p62-SU, 662-nt) that is associated with chemoresistance in breast cancer cells and tissue specimens. The p62 mRNA isoform was identified by RNA sequencing with qRT-PCR, 3′-RACE, and Northern blot analysis. In vitro and in vivo, ectopic expression of p62-SU promoted breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and chemoresistance compared with the p62 mRNA isoform with a full-length 3′-UTR (p62-LU, 1,485-nt). Mechanistically, cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 1 (CPSF1) modulated the 3′-UTR of p62 through alternative polyadenylation. In addition, p62-SU escaped miR-124-3p–mediated repression and upregulated p62-SU protein expression, thereby inducing p62-dependent chemoresistance. These data suggest that a CPSF1-p62-miR-124-3p signaling axis is responsible for reduced sensitivity of breast cancer to chemotherapy.

Significance:
Resistance to NAC in breast cancer is driven by a novel p62 mRNA isoform that escapes miRNA-mediated repression and leads to increased p62 protein expression.
Blood Lipids and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer: Mendelian Randomization Analyses in the Japanese Consortium of Genetic Epidemiology Studies
Authors: Iwagami Masao , Goto Atsushi , Katagiri Ryoko , Sutoh Yoichi , Koyanagi Yuriko N. , Nakatochi Masahiro , Nakano Shiori , Hanyuda Akiko , Narita Akira , Shimizu Atsushi , Tanno Kozo , Hozawa Atsushi , Kinoshita Kengo , Oze Isao , Ito Hidemi , Yamaji Taiki , Sawada Norie , Nakamura Yohko , Nakamura Sho , Kuriki Kiyonori , Suzuki Sadao , Hishida Asahi , Kasugai Yumiko , Imoto Issei , Suzuki Midori , Momozawa Yukihide , Takeuchi Kenji , Yamamoto Masayuki , Sasaki Makoto , Matsuo Keitaro , Tsugane Shoichiro , Wakai Kenji , Iwasaki Motoki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

The associations between blood lipids, including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and colorectal cancer risk are controversial. We evaluated potential causal relationships between blood lipids and colorectal cancer risk. Using the baseline data from the Japanese Consortium of Genetic Epidemiology studies, we estimated the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)–exposure associations (n = 34,546 for TC, n = 50,290 for HDL-C, n = 51,307 for triglycerides, and n = 30,305 for LDL-C). We also estimated the SNP–outcome associations in another Japanese dataset (n = 7,936 colorectal cancer cases and n = 38,042 controls). We conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses for the association between each blood lipid type and the risk of colorectal cancer using an inverse variance-weighted method. The total variances explained by the selected SNPs in TC (68 SNPs), HDL-C (50 SNPs), log-transformed triglycerides (26 SNPs), and LDL-C (35 SNPs) were 7.0%, 10.0%, 6.2%, and 5.7%, respectively. The odds ratios for colorectal cancer were 1.15 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.32] per 1 standard deviation (SD; 33.3 mg/dL) increase in TC, 1.11 (95% CI, 0.98–1.26) per 1 SD (15.4 mg/dL) increase in HDL-C, 1.06 (95% CI, 0.90–1.26) per 1 SD (0.5 log-mg/dL) increase in log-transformed triglycerides, and 1.17 (95% CI, 0.91–1.50) per 1 SD (29.6 mg/dL) increase in LDL-C. Sensitivity analyses consistently suggested the positive association between TC and colorectal cancer, whereas results of each lipid component were inconsistent. In conclusion, this large MR study of a Japanese population showed a potentially causal association between high TC and colorectal cancer risk, although the association between each lipid component and colorectal cancer remained inconclusive.

Prevention Relevance:
In this large MR analysis of a Japanese population, a positive association was found between genetically predicted high total cholesterol (TC) levels and an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Therefore, lowering TC levels by lifestyle modifications or medications may be justified for the purpose of preventing colorectal cancer.
A infância na universidade pelo Departamento de Estudos da Infância
Authors: Leite Filho Aristeo Gonçalves , Gomes Lisandra Ogg , Pereira Rita Marisa Ribes 
Published: August 2022

Este texto apresenta o Departamento de Estudos da Infância (Dedi), vinculado à Faculdade de Educação (EDU) da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Uerj). Criado em 2005, o Dedi é o único departamento universitário, no Brasil, estruturado a partir do campo dos Estudos da Infância, e, por essa razão, oferece uma perspectiva para problematizar os lugares da infância nessa instituição de ensino superior, isto é, se o tema da infância historicamente já se fazia presente no tripé ensino-pesquisa-extensão, sua criação deslocou tal temática também para o campo da gestão universitária, dado que a infância torna-se um eixo para as políticas internas da instituição. Que concepções de infância se colocam em pauta quando uma universidade pública propõe um departamento com essa especificidade? Que diálogos esse lugar institucional tece com as epistemologias e as políticas de educação, cultura e de reconhecimento de direitos para as crianças? O texto apresenta um histórico da construção e das transformações institucionais desse departamento trazidas em diálogo com a legislação e reformas curriculares que aconteceram ao longo de sua existência e com conhecimento teórico produzido acerca da infância nos diferentes campos da cultura, ciência, educação e das políticas públicas.
Mário de Andrade e a construção da cozinha brasileira
Authors: Aguiar Viviane Soares 
Published: August 2022

A contribuição dos modernistas para a construção de uma ideia de “cozinha brasileira” é analisada, neste artigo, a partir da perspectiva de Mário de Andrade (1893-1945) e de seu único texto inteiramente dedicado ao assunto, Tacacá com tucupi, publicado em 1939, pouco depois de ele ter lido Açúcar: algumas receitas de bolos e doces dos engenhos do Nordeste, de Gilberto Freyre (1900-1987). Por meio de uma leitura histórica do texto, procura-se demonstrar que a escrita se deu, por um lado, como uma crítica explícita aos chamados “bons comedores” – intelectuais apreciadores da gastronomia francesa, mas envergonhados das peculiaridades brasileiras –, e, por outro, como uma resposta tácita à visão regionalista do escritor pernambucano. Com ironia, Mário reconfigura o mapa culinário do país, ousando equiparar as comidas nacionais às francesas e sintetizando, por meio da culinária, alguns de seus importantes conceitos sobre a cultura brasileira.
Macanese Negation in Comparative Perspective: Typology and Ecology
Authors: Arcodia Giorgio Francesco 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Macanese, the near-extinct Portuguese creole of Macao, is an Asian Portuguese Creole language closely related to Malaccan Papia Kristang. In this paper, I argue that a distinctive feature of Macanese vis-à-vis other Asian Portuguese Creoles is its system of negation; specifically, its usage of the negators nunca and nádi. Negators deriving from Portuguese nunca ‘never’ and não há-de ‘shall not’ are attested in several Asian Portuguese Creoles: while their usage varies considerably, the former usually acts as the negator for realis predicates, whereas the latter typically negates irrealis predicates. In this paper I argue that, differently from other Asian Portuguese Creoles, Macanese nunca is also the only available negator for adjectival and nominal predicates, independently from tam features. Through a comparison with other Asian Portuguese creoles, and with the adstrates and substrates of Macanese, I also discuss the possible origin of these features.
Falconry at Medieval Islamicate Courts: Open-Air Practice and Backstage Knowledge
Authors: Akasoy Anna Ayse 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Falconry at Islamicate courts of the pre-Ottoman period involved a complex set of practices, traditions and institutions. Evolving as part of the royal hunt from the late Umayyad period onwards, it included a body of scientific, mostly medical literature from early Abbasid times. A corpus of falconry poetry developed from around the same time. In Fatimid contexts, falconry images appear prominently in the visual arts. In Mamluk times, the connection between hunting with birds of prey and fighting becomes more pronounced. The present article discusses the significance of Islamicate courts which offered singular conditions for the multi-layered and cumulative nature of falconry as an elite and highly symbolic practice. Insofar as these details are known, it also takes the various human agents involved in courtly falconry into account.
Association of Epicardial Fat Volume with Coronary Artery Ectasia and Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Subhan Shoaib , Sami Abdul , Akhtar Waheed , Jan Muneeb Ullah , Ullah Asif , Malik Jahanzeb 
Published: August 2022

Epicardial fat may play an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). We investigated the relationship between coronary artery ectasia (CAE) and epicardial fat volume (EFV). This retrospective study included 506 patients with CAE (group 1), 500 with CAD (group 2), and 500 patients with normal coronaries as controls (group 3). The pericardium was traced manually from the edge of the pulmonary trunk to the last measured by computed tomography slice containing images of the heart to obtain a region of interest. EFV was significantly higher in patients with CAD than in those with CAE (87.94 ± 22.18 vs 61.33 ± 12.75 mL; P < .001). Patients with normal coronaries had EFV of 56.62 ± 9.82 mL. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male gender [Odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)): 1.220 (1.015–1.682), P = .042], diabetes [OR (95% CI): 1.036 (1.008–1.057); P = .002], and smoking [OR (95% CI): 3.043 (1.022–9.462); P = .005] were significantly associated with CAE. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that EFV had strongest diagnostic value for detecting CAD rather than CAE [AUC .502 P = .074 (95% CI: .311–.784)]. This study demonstrated that EFV is an independent predictor for CAE and CAD. However, sensitivity and specificity for detecting CAE is low when compared with CAD.
Does virtual versus in-person e-cigarette education have a differential impact?
Authors: Gaiha Shivani Mathur , Warnock Amelia , Kile Shelby , Brake Kennon , Vong do Rosario Clementino , Oates Gabriela R , Halpern-Felsher Bonnie , Walley Susan Chu 
Published: August 2022

Background: E-cigarette prevention education aims to mitigate adolescent e-cigarette use. Such education is increasingly delivered through virtual/video-based teaching platforms (e.g. Zoom, Google Classrooms). However, there is little evidence about the effectiveness of virtual e-cigarette education compared to in-person education on adolescents’ knowledge about e-cigarettes, perceived addictiveness and intent to try e-cigarettes, cigarettes, and marijuana. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of virtual e-cigarette education compared to in-person education on student knowledge and perceived addictiveness of e-cigarettes and intent to try e-cigarettes. Design, Setting and Method: We conducted a pre- and post-education evaluation among 10 middle and high school students in the Greater Birmingham area, Alabama, who were non-randomly assigned to receive either virtual ( n = 745) or in-person e-cigarette education ( n = 286) (mean age: 14.36 years). The study used a 25-minute educational presentation about the health effects of e-cigarettes, the risks of second- and third-hand smoke, the addictive nature of nicotine, and marketing strategies of e-cigarette companies. Participants completed a 10-minute self-administered survey immediately before and after the presentation. Results and conclusion: Except for certain e-cigarette knowledge-related items, our study shows that both virtual and in-person education had similar effects on improving knowledge about e-cigarettes, increasing perceived addictiveness and reducing intent to try e-cigarettes, cigarettes and marijuana among participants. Virtual education may be applied where in-person education is not feasible (e.g. in rural communities).
Secure Attachment Relationships With Mothers, But Not Fathers, Moderate the Relation Between Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Symptoms and Delinquency in Adolescents
Authors: Widmer Abigail , Havewala Mazneen , Bowker Julie C. , Rubin Kenneth H. 
Published: August 2022

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to investigate whether secure parent-adolescent attachment relationships moderate the longitudinal relation between 9th grade (G9) ADHD symptoms and 12th grade (G12) delinquency within a community sample of adolescents. Method: Participants included 335 9th graders, of whom 203 students completed measures again in 12th grade. Mothers reported on their adolescents’ ADHD symptoms and aggressive behaviors, and adolescents completed measures of their own delinquency and their perceptions of their parent-child attachment relationships. Results: G9 ADHD symptoms predicted increases in G12 delinquent behaviors. Moderation effects were also found such that G9 ADHD symptoms predicted G12 delinquency for only those youth who had moderate or low levels of secure maternal attachment. Paternal secure attachment did not moderate the effects of G9 ADHD symptoms on G12 delinquency. Conclusion: Findings underscore the importance of secure maternal attachment relationships in the development of delinquency among adolescents with ADHD symptoms.