bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pd/C embedded crosslinked polystyrene fibers as an efficient catalyst for Heck reactions
Authors: Xie Mali , Peng Kexin , Luo Yangyang , Zhang Qi , Shao Linjun , Zhong Shaofeng , Zhou Shujing , Li Jinjing , Qi Chenze 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPd/C embedded polystyrene fibers were successfully prepared by electrospinning. The polystyrene molecules were then cross‐linked by paraformaldehyde in sulfuric acid to improve the solvent resistance of composite fibers. SEM images conformed the preparation of uniform and smooth composite fibers. FT‐IR spectra demonstrated that the polystyrene molecules inside fibers have been sulphonated and crosslinked. Heck reactions were used to evaluate the catalytic performance of these novel composite fibers. The catalysis results show that this composite fiber mat catalyzed Heck reactions could be evidently promoted by using preferred reducing alcohol agent and solvent. Under the optimized reaction conditions, this composite fiber mat could effectively catalyze the Heck reactions of aromatic iodides with n‐butyl acrylate to afford the products with satisfied yields. Especially, compared with the particulate Pd/C catalyst, the separation and recycling of this fibrous catalyst from the reaction mixture were significantly improved due to the larger fibrous structure. At last, this fiber catalyst was successfully reused for eight times with little loss of initial catalytic activity, which was even better than the pristine Pd/C catalyst. Hence, embedment of particulate supported metal catalysts inside the crosslinked polystyrene fibers can effectively improve their catalytic performance and handiness.
Sulfone Rhodamines for Voltage Imaging
Authors: Raliski Benjamin K. , Mun Dong Min , Miller Evan W. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFluorescent indicators that respond to changes in biological membrane potentials provide a powerful complement to existing methods for monitoring neuronal activity. Indicators that absorb and emit in the near infrared window are especially attractive, since lower energy wavelengths excite fewer biological molecules and can penetrate more deeply into biological tissues. In this work, we incorporate sulfone rhodamine chromophores into a voltage‐sensitive scaffold in order to generate voltage sensitive fluorophores which absorb and emit above 700 nm. These Sulfone Rhodamine Voltage Reporters (SuRhoVRs) partition into cell membranes and display good sensitivity to membrane potential changes. The most sensitive SuRhoVR derivative also displays excellent photostability and can track membrane potential changes in dissociated rat hippocampal neurons.
Progress of Atomic Layer Deposition and Molecular Layer Deposition in the Development of All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Su Yu , Hao Jialiang , Liu Xiangsi , Yang Yong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs one of the most promising candidates for next‐generation high‐energy storage systems, all‐solid‐state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) including the bulk‐type and thin‐film‐type configurations have attracted great attention currently. The rational construction of the electrodes and electrolytes, as well as well‐controlled interface modification, are indispensable for realizing the practical application of ASSLBs. In recent decades, atomic layer deposition (ALD) and molecular layer deposition techniques (MLD) have been widely applied as powerful tools to achieve the accurate control of atomic/molecular thickness and composition adjustment of the thin protective layers or electrodes. Owing to the unique features, ALD/MLD techniques show great potential in manipulation of interfacial properties and constructing novel electrode structures in the research of ASSLBs. In this review, we highlight the recent progress in the developments and applications of ALD/MLD techniques in ASSLBs, including the interface modification for both cathodes and lithium metal anodes in bulk‐type ASSLBs, and the preparation of electrodes and solid electrolytes in thin‐film type batteries. In addition, an overview of the existing challenges and the application prospects of ALD/MLD in ASSLBs are also presented.
High‐Performance Aqueous Zinc‐Organic Battery Achieved by Reasonable Molecular Design
Authors: Li Zhi , Zhang Yu , Xu Jie , Wang Yonggang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAqueous zinc‐organic batteries are considered as a promising candidate for the large‐scale energy storage systems. However, there are some challenges, involving inferior cycle stability (<3000 cycles) and low working potential, which restrain their extensive applications. Therefore, reasonable molecular design of organics is highly required to construct high‐performance zinc batteries. Herein, chalcogen atoms are introduced into the 9,10‐anthraquinone (AQ) molecule, and the anthraquinone analogues with fused heteroaromatic structures are obtained with increased working potentials and energy densities. In particular, the benzo[1,2‐b : 4,5‐b’]dithiophene‐4,8‐dione (BDTD) is proposed as the promising cathode with a long‐term lifespan of up to 12000 cycles and outstanding rate performance. Its operation mechanism involves the reversible co‐coordination reaction of hydrated Zn2+and H+with carbonyl groups. Moreover, the good rate and cycle performance can be retained even with a high mass loading cathode (10 mg cm−2), which is close to the commercial level. This work will guide the exploration of zinc‐organic battery.
Amelia and phocomelia in Finland: Characteristics and prevalences in a nationwide population‐based study
Authors: Pakkasjärvi Niklas , Syvänen Johanna , Wiro Markus , Koskimies‐Virta Eeva 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAmelia and phocomelia represent severe limb reduction defects. Specific epidemiologic data on these defects are scarce. We conducted a descriptive analysis of prevalence data in Finland during 1993–2008 to clarify the epidemiology nationwide in a population‐based register study. We hypothesized that increasing maternal age would affect the total prevalence of each disorder.Materials and MethodsWe collected information on all fetuses and infants affected by amelia and phocomelia during 1993–2008 from the National Register of Congenital Malformations in Finland. The clinical, laboratory, autopsy, and imaging data were re‐evaluated where available for all cases found.ResultsA total of 23 amelia and 7 phocomelia patients were identified. Thalidomide was not an etiological factor in any of the cases. The total prevalence of amelia was 2.43 per 100,000 births. The live birth prevalence was 0.63 per 100,000 live births. The total prevalence of phocomelia was 0.74 per 100,000 births, and the live birth prevalence was 0.53 per 100,000 live births. Infant mortality in amelia and phocomelia was 67% and 60%, respectively.ConclusionsInfant mortality is high among amelia and phocomelia. Most cases had other major associated anomalies, but syndromic amelia cases were rare. Total prevalences were higher than previously reported and showed an increase in prevalence toward the end of the study period. The percentage of elective terminations of pregnancy for these disorders is high. While isolated cases are rare, they most likely present a better prognosis. Thus, correct diagnosis is essential in counseling for possible elective termination.
Analysis of four measures of positional bias within a multiple stimulus without replacement preference assessment
Authors: Miranda David Ray G. , Brodhead Matthew T. , Sipila‐Thomas Emma S. , Fisher Marisa H. , Plavnick Joshua B. , Thomas Alexandria L. , Melanson Isaac J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPositional bias is a pattern of responding to a specific location that can be influenced by response effort and/or prior learning history. Prior research on positional bias within stimulus preference assessments have focused primarily on its use in paired stimulus assessments due to the complex nature of the multiple stimulus without replacement (MSWO) preference assessment. The present study is a secondary data analysis that utilized four different methods to measure side and center bias in a MSWO preference assessment for 19 young children with autism spectrum disorder. Participants displayed varying degrees of biased responding but collectively engaged in minimal biased responding. This study includes an analysis of the four methodologies, discussion of general patterns of responding, and general recommendations for the application of these methodologies in future research.
Student responses to creative coding in biomedical science education
Authors: Gough Phillip , Bown Oliver , Campbell Craig R. , Poronnik Philip , Ross Pauline M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBiomedical science students need to learn to code. Graduates face a future where they will be better prepared for research higher degrees and the workforce if they can code. Embedding coding in a biomedical curriculum comes with challenges. First, biomedical science students often experience anxiety learning quantitative and computational thinking skills and second biomedical faculty often lack expertise required to teach coding. In this study, we describe a creative coding approach to building coding skills in students using the packages of Processing and Arduino. Biomedical science students were taught by an interdisciplinary faculty team from Medicine and Health, Science and Architecture, Design and Planning. We describe quantitative and qualitative responses of students to this approach. Cluster analysis revealed a diversity of student responses, with a large majority of students who supported creative coding in the curriculum, a smaller but vocal cluster, who did not support creative coding because either the exercises were not sufficiently challenging or were too challenging and believed coding should not be in a Biomedical Science curriculum. We describe how two creative coding platforms, Processing and Arduino, embedded and used to visualize human physiological data, and provide responses to students, including those minority of students, who are opposed to coding in the curriculum This study found a variety of students responses in a final year capstone course of an undergraduate Biomedical Science degree where future pathways for students are either in research higher degrees or to the workforce with a future which will be increasingly data driven.
Cytosolic TGM2 promotes malignant progression in gastric cancer by suppressing the TRIM21‐mediated ubiquitination/degradation of STAT1 in a GTP binding‐dependent modality
Authors: Zhang Lu , Li Qingya , Yang Jing , Xu Penghui , Xuan Zhe , Xu Jianghao , Xu Zekuan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have revealed the critical role of transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) as a potential therapeutic target in cancers, but the oncogenic roles and underlying mechanisms of TGM2 in gastric cancer (GC) are not fully understood. In this study, we examined the role and potential mechanism of TGM2 in GC.MethodsWestern blotting, immunohistochemistry, CCK8, colony formation and transwell assays were used to measure TGM2 expression in the GC cells and tissues and to examine the in vitro role of TGM2 in GC. Xenograft and in vivo metastasis experiments were performed to examine the in vivo role of TGM2 in GC. Gene set enrichment analysis, quantitative PCR and western blotting were conducted to screen for potential TGM2 targets involved in GC. Gain/loss‐of‐function and rescue experiments were conducted to detect the biological roles of STAT1 in GC cells in the context of TGM2. Co‐immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, quantitative PCR and western blotting were conducted to identify STAT1‐interacting proteins and elucidate their regulatory mechanisms. Mutations in TGM2 and two molecules (ZM39923 and A23187) were used to identify the enzymatic activity of TGM2 involved in the malignant progression of GC and elucidate the underlying mechanism.ResultsIn this study, we demonstrated elevated TGM2 expression in the GC tissues, which closely related to pathological grade, and predicted poor survival in patients with GC. TGM2 overexpression or knockdown promoted (and inhibited) cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, which were reversed by STAT1 knockdown or overexpression. Further studies showed that TGM2 promoted GC progression by inhibiting STAT1 ubiquitination/degradation. Then, tripartite motif‐containing protein 21 (TRIM21) was identified as a ubiquitin E3 ligase of STAT1 in GC. TGM2 maintained STAT1 stability by facilitating the dissociation of TRIM21 and STAT1 with GTP‐binding enzymatic activity. A23187 abolished the role of TGM2 in STAT1 and reversed the pro‐tumor role of TGM2 in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionsThis study revealed a critical role and regulatory mechanism of TGM2 on STAT1 in GC and highlighted the potential of TGM2 as a therapeutic target, which elucidates the development of medicine or strategies by regulating the GTP‐binding activity of TGM2 in GC.
Membrane Permeant Analogs for Independent Cellular Introduction of the Terpene Precursors Isopentenyl‐ and Dimethylallyl‐Pyrophosphate
Authors: Rossi Francis M. , McBee Dillon P. , Trybala Thomas N. , Hulsey Zackary N. , Gonzalez Curbelo Camila , Mazur William , Baccile Joshua A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIsopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP) are the central five‐carbon precursors to all terpenes. Despite their significance, exogenous, independent delivery of IPP and DMAPP to cells is impossible as the negatively charged pyrophosphate makes these molecules membrane impermeant. Herein, we demonstrate a facile method to circumvent this challenge through esterification of the β‐phosphate with two self‐immolative esters (SIEs) that neutralize the negatively charged pyrophosphate to yield membrane‐permeant analogs of IPP and DMAPP. Following cellular incorporation, general esterase activity initiates cleavage of the SIEs, resulting in traceless release of IPP and DMAPP for metabolic utilization. Addition of the synthesized IPP and DMAPP precursor analogs rescued cell growth of glioblastoma (U‐87MG) cancer cells concurrently treated with the HMG‐CoA reductase inhibitor pitavastatin, which otherwise abrogates cell growth via blocking production of IPP and DMAPP. This work demonstrates a new application of a prodrug strategy to incorporate a metabolic intermediate and promises to enable future interrogation of the distinct biological roles of IPP and DMAPP.
Incisional hernia by liver cysts
Authors: Giuffrè Mauro , Budel Martina , Martingano Paola , Crocè Lory Saveria 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAutosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most commonly inherited kidney disease and is associated with cystic manifestation in the liver. Patients with ADPKD are at higher risk for hernias, here we present an image of an incisional hernia full of multiple liver cysts.
Acute left side varicocele as primary presentation of renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Moradi Asaad , Shakiba Behnam 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA 68‐year‐old man was referred with acute left side varicocele scrotum. Abdominal computed tomography showed a mass lesion in left kidney. The patient underwent radical nephrectomy. Microscopic histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. The majority of varicocele have a non‐pathological etiology but acute varicocele may indicate retroperitoneal mass.
Right aortic arch with common origin of right carotid and left innominate artery: A case report
Authors: Chand Swati , Babayale Omofolarin , Rai Devesh , Thapa Sangharsha , Shah Sangam , Depta Jeremiah P. , Baibhav Bipul 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAortic arch anomalies are rare congenital malformations with an incidence of approximately 1–3%. Right aortic arch is an anatomical variant with an incidence of <0.1% associated with various congenital heart diseases. We present a case of a 26‐year‐old female patient with a right aortic arch with a common origin of right carotid and left innominate artery.
Catalytic Wet Oxidation of Glucose over Oxidized Transition Metal and Alloy Catalysts
Authors: Sarkar Subhasree Bhaskar , Matthews Steven J. , Jones Mark I. , Baroutian Saeid 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe catalytic wet oxidation process was used to study the degradation of carbohydrates in wastewater with glucose as a model compound. The transition metals Co and Mo were transformed into their insoluble metal oxide forms, Co3O4 and MoO3. A novel catalyst was prepared by using a CuNiIn alloy, which was oxidized at 700 °C to generate an insoluble CuNiIn mixed oxide. Wet oxidation reactions were performed at 150–210 °C for 60 min at 20 bar O2 pressure. The catalytic performance of the CuNiIn oxide powder reached a reduction in chemical oxygen demand of > 80 %. Molybdenum and cobalt were highly leached into the reaction media, confirming CuNiIn oxide as the best catalyst used in terms of its performance and acetic acid production.
CFD‐DEM Simulation of Superquadric Cylindrical Particles in a Spouted Bed and a Rotor Granulator
Authors: Grohn Philipp , Schaedler Luca , Atxutegi Aitor , Heinrich Stefan , Antonyuk Sergiy 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe fluidization behavior of cylindrical particles in a spouted bed was first investigated experimentally using a camera setup. The obtained average spouted bed height was used to evaluate the accuracy of different drag models in CFD‐DEM simulations with the superquadric approach to model the particle shape. The drag model according to Sanjeevi et al. showed the best agreement. With this model, cylindrical particles were simulated in a rotor granulator and the particle dynamics were compared with the fluidization of volume equivalent spherical particles.
Düngung und die Diffusion von Ammoniak
Authors: Meyer Philipp 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungWie schnell diffundiert Güllestank bzw. Ammoniak im Schulgebäude? Dieser Artikel zeigt eine einfache und in jeder Schule umsetzbare Möglichkeit zur Bestimmung der Diffusionskonstante von Ammoniak in Luft. Die Ergebnisse des Experiments vermitteln den Lernenden, dass Diffusion für die Verteilung über weite Strecken nicht verantwortlich sein kann. Erzwungene und temperaturabhängige Konvektion werden als Transportprozesse über größere Strecken experimentell bewiesen, das Ansäuern von Dünger zur Verminderung von Ammoniakemissionen als innovative und nachhaltige Düngemethode wird fachlich diskutiert.
Si Doping Enables Activity and Stability Enhancement on Atomically Dispersed Fe−Nx/C Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction in Acid
Authors: Li Shenzhou , Li Zhiqiang , Huang Tianping , Xie Huan , Miao Zhengpei , Liang Jiashun , Pan Ran , Wang Tanyuan , Han Jiantao , Li Qing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFe−N−C represents the most promising non‐precious metal catalysts (NPMCs) for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells, but often suffers from poor stability in acid due to the dissolution of metal sites and the poor oxidation resistance of carbon substrates. In this work, silicon‐doped iron‐nitrogen‐carbon (Si/Fe−N−C) catalysts were developed by in situ silicon doping and metal–polymer coordination. It was found that Si doping could not only promote the density of Fe−Nx/C active sites but also elevated the content of graphitic carbon through catalytic graphitization. The best‐performing Si/Fe−N−C exhibited a half‐wave potential of 0.817 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode in 0.5 m H2SO4, outperforming that of undoped Fe−N−C and most of the reported Fe−N−C catalysts. It also exhibited significantly enhanced stability at elevated temperature (≥60 °C). This work provides a new way to develop non‐precious metal ORR catalysts with improved activity and stability in acidic media.
The circuit realization of a fifth‐order multi‐wing chaotic system and its application in image encryption
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yang Jing , Xu Longhao , Zhu Xiaopeng 
Published: November 2022

SummaryIn this paper, a new fifth‐order eight‐wing chaotic system is proposed on the basis of a five‐dimensional four‐wing chaotic system. The resulting new system is used as a basis for introducing a method that can control both the number of wings of the system and the direction of the change in the number of wings. Add a rounding function with a cosine function or a sine function to the system equation. The number of wings of the control system is controlled by changing the parameter values of the rounding function. This method can significantly increase the complexity of the system when applied in multiple directions of the system equations. And this method can achieve the purpose of controlling the wing number of the whole system by changing only one parameter. By observing the phase diagram and bifurcation diagram of the system, it is found that it has more complex chaotic properties and rich dynamical behavior and there are coexisting attractors. The chaotic properties of the system are confirmed by observing the Poincaré cross section and the 0–1 test results of the system. Afterward, the simulation circuit of the fifth‐order system is built in the simulation software Multisim. And the obtained phase diagram is consistent with the results obtained in MATLAB which confirmed the realizability of the system. An FPGA hardware implementation of this fifth‐order eight‐wing system has also been completed at the end of the paper to demonstrate the implementability of the system. And the results are highly consistent with those obtained in the MATLAB software.The fifth‐order chaotic system is combined with the dislocation algorithm and diffusion algorithm to apply to the image encryption system. The encryption system contains a variety of encryption algorithms for secondary encryption of images including Arnold dislocation and repeat‐free scrambling algorithm. The diffusion algorithm includes the addition of the modulus length diffusion and multiplicative operation diffusion based on the GF(257) domain. After a series of performance analysis, the encryption system is proved to have good secrecy effect and great application value in the image encryption neighborhood.
Anti‐inflammatory hydrogel dressings and skin wound healing
Authors: Huang Can , Dong Lanlan , Zhao Baohua , Lu Yifei , Huang Shurun , Yuan Zhiqiang , Luo Gaoxing , Xu Yong , Qian Wei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHydrogels are promising and widely utilized in the biomedical field. In recent years, the anti‐inflammatory function of hydrogel dressings has been significantly improved, addressing many clinical challenges presented in ongoing endeavours to promote wound healing. Wound healing is a cascaded and highly complex process, especially in chronic wounds, such as diabetic and severe burn wounds, in which adverse endogenous or exogenous factors can interfere with inflammatory regulation, leading to the disruption of the healing process. Although insufficient wound inflammation is uncommon, excessive inflammatory infiltration is an almost universal feature of chronic wounds, which impedes a histological repair of the wound in a predictable biological step and chronological order. Therefore, resolving excessive inflammation in wound healing is essential. In the past 5 years, extensive research has been conducted on hydrogel dressings to address excessive inflammation in wound healing, specifically by efficiently scavenging excessive free radicals, sequestering chemokines and promoting M1‐to‐M2 polarization of macrophages, thereby regulating inflammation and promoting wound healing. In this study, we introduced novel anti‐inflammatory hydrogel dressings and demonstrated innovative methods for their preparation and application to achieve enhanced healing. In addition, we summarize the most important properties required for wound healing and discuss our analysis of potential challenges yet to be addressed.