bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurovascular injury associated non-apoptotic endothelial caspase-9 and astroglial caspase-9 mediate inflammation and contrast sensitivity decline
Authors: Colón Ortiz Crystal , Neal Albertine M. , Avrutsky Maria I. , Choi Monica , Smart Jade , Lawson Jacqueline , Troy Carol M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRetinal neurovascular injuries are a leading cause of vision loss in young adults presenting unmet therapeutic needs. Neurovascular injuries damage homeostatic communication between endothelial, pericyte, glial, and neuronal cells through signaling pathways that remain to be established. To understand the mechanisms that contribute to neuronal death, we use a mouse model of retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Using this model, we previously discovered that after vascular damage, there was non-apoptotic activation of endothelial caspase-9 (EC Casp9); knock-out of EC Casp9 led to a decrease in retinal edema, capillary ischemia, and neuronal death. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of EC Casp9 in vision loss and inflammation. We found that EC Casp9 is implicated in contrast sensitivity decline, induction of inflammatory cytokines, and glial reactivity. One of the noted glial changes was increased levels of astroglial cl-caspase-6, which we found to be activated cell intrinsically by astroglial caspase-9 (Astro Casp9). Lastly, we discovered that Astro Casp9 contributes to capillary ischemia and contrast sensitivity decline after RVO (P-RVO). These findings reveal specific endothelial and astroglial non-apoptotic caspase-9 roles in inflammation and neurovascular injury respectively; and concomitant relevancy to contrast sensitivity decline.
Quantitative evaluation of correlation between lumbosacral lordosis and pelvic incidence in standing position among asymptomatic Asian adults: a prospective study
Authors: Mi Le Jie-Ren , Yeh Kuang-Ting , Chen Chih-Wei , Jaw Fu-Shan , Yang Shu-Hua , Wu Wen-Tien 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe determination of lumbopelvic alignment is essential for planning adult spinal deformity surgery and for ensuring favorable surgical outcomes. This prospective study investigated the correlation between the lumbar section of lumbar spine lordosis and increasing pelvic incidence in 324 Asian adults with a mean age of 55 ± 13 years (range: 20–80 years), comprising 115 male and 209 female volunteers. Participants were divided into three groups based on pelvic incidence (G1, G2, and G3 had pelvic incidence of < 45°, 45–55°, and ≥ 55°, respectively). We determined that distal and proximal lumbar lordosis contributed differentially to the increase in pelvic incidence, whereas the lordosis ratio of the L3–L4 and L4–L5 segments mostly remained constant. The mean contribution ratio of the segmental lordosis from L1 to S1 was as follows: L1–L2, 2.3%; L2–L3, 11.7%; L3–L4, 18.1%; L4–L5, 25.2%; and L5–S1, 42.7%. Pelvic incidence had a stronger correlation with proximal lumbar lordosis than did distal lumbar lordosis. The ratios of proximal lumbar lordosis to distal lumbar lordosis were 37.8% in G1, 45.8% in G2, and 55.9% in G3. These findings serve as a reference for future lumbar spine correction or fusion surgery for Asian adults.
Rhizosphere bacteria associated with Chenopodium quinoa promote resistance to Alternaria alternata in tomato
Authors: Zahoor Sidra , Naz Rabia , Keyani Rumana , Roberts Thomas H. , Hassan Muhammad N. , Yasmin Humaira , Nosheen Asia , Farman Saira 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMicroorganisms can interact with plants to promote plant growth and act as biocontrol agents. Associations with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) enhance agricultural productivity by improving plant nutrition and enhancing protection from pathogens. Microbial applications can be an ideal substitute for pesticides or fungicides, which can pollute the environment and reduce biological diversity. In this study, we isolated 68 bacterial strains from the root-adhering soil of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) seedlings. Bacterial strains exhibited several PGPR activities in vitro, including nutrient solubilization, production of lytic enzymes (cellulase, pectinase and amylase) and siderophore synthesis. These bacteria were further found to suppress the mycelial growth of the fungal pathogen Alternaria alternata. Nine bacterial strains were selected with substantial antagonistic activity and plant growth-promotion potential. These strains were identified based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences and selected for in planta experiments with tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) to estimate their growth-promotion and disease-suppression activity. Among the selected strains, B. licheniformis and B. pumilus most effectively promoted tomato plant growth, decreased disease severity caused by A. alternata infection by enhancing the activities of antioxidant defense enzymes and contributed to induced systemic resistance. This investigation provides evidence for the effectiveness and viability of PGPR application, particularly of B. licheniformis and B. pumilus in tomato, to promote plant growth and induce systemic resistance, making these bacteria promising candidates for biofertilizers and biocontrol agents.
Machine learning based attribution mapping of climate related discussions on social media
Authors: Kaushal Akshay , Acharjee Animesh , Mandal Anandadeep 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA united front from all the stakeholders including public, administration and academia alike is required to counter the growing threat of climate change. The recent rise of social media as the new public address system, makes it an ideal source of information to assess public discussions and responses in real time. We mine c.1.7 m posts from 55 climate related subreddits on social media platform Reddit since its inception. Using USE, a state-of-the-art sentence encoder, and K-means clustering algorithm, we develop a machine learning based approach to identify, store, process and classify the posts automatically, and at a scale. In the broad and multifaceted theme of climate change, our approach narrows down the focus to 10 critical underlying themes comprising the public discussions on social media over time. Furthermore, we employ a full order partial correlation analysis to assess the relationship between the different identified themes. We show that in line with Paris Agreement, while the climate science community has been successful in influencing the discussions on both the causes and effects of climate change, the public administration has failed to appropriately communicate the causes of climate change and has been able to influence only the discussions on the effects of it. Hence, our study shows a clear gap in the public communication by the administration, wherein counter-intuitively less emphasis has been given on the drivers of climate change. This information can be particularly beneficial to policymakers and climate activists in decision making as they try to close the gap between public and academia.
Interactive salinity and water stress severely reduced the growth, stress tolerance, and physiological responses of guava (Psidium Guajava L.)
Authors: Abrar Muhammad Mohsin , Sohail Muhammad , Saqib Muhammad , Akhtar Javaid , Abbas Ghulam , Wahab Hafiz Abdul , Mumtaz Muhammad Zahid , Mehmood Khalid , Memon Muhammad Suleman , Sun Nan , Xu Minggang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSalinity and water stress are serious environmental issues that reduced crop production worldwide. The current research was initiated (2012) in the wirehouse of the Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan to investigate the growth, stress tolerance, and physiological responses of guava to salinity and water shortage. Guava was grown for one year in pots containing soil with Eight treatments (control, 10 dS m−1, 20 dS m−1, 40 dS m−1, control + water stress (WS), 10 dS m−1 + WS, 20 dS m−1 + WS, 40 dS m−1 + WS) in a completely randomized design. The results indicated that plant growth, stress tolerance, and physiological parameters declined at higher salinity and water stress and could not survive at 40 dS m−1. The 20 dS m−1 + WS caused a > 70% decline in dry weights of shoot and root regarding control. Similarly, the highest decrease in stress tolerance was noticed in 20 dS m−1 + WS followed by the 20 dS m−1 treatment than control. Our findings validated that guava can be cultivated on soils having salinity ≤ 10 dS m−1 but it could not be cultivated on soils having salinity ≥ 20 dS m−1 with limited water supply.
Noise-robust optimization of quantum machine learning models for polymer properties using a simulator and validated on the IonQ quantum computer
Authors: Ishiyama Yuki , Nagai Ryutaro , Mieda Shunsuke , Takei Yuki , Minato Yuichiro , Natsume Yutaka 
Published: November 2022

AbstractQuantum machine learning for predicting the physical properties of polymer materials based on the molecular descriptors of monomers was investigated. Under the stochastic variation of the expected predicted values obtained from quantum circuits due to finite sampling, the methods proposed in previous works did not make sufficient progress in optimizing the parameters. To enable parameter optimization despite the presence of stochastic variations in the expected values, quantum circuits that improve prediction accuracy without increasing the number of parameters and parameter optimization methods that are robust to stochastic variations in the expected predicted values, were investigated. The multi-scale entanglement renormalization ansatz circuit improved the prediction accuracy without increasing the number of parameters. The stochastic gradient descent method using the parameter-shift rule for gradient calculation was shown to be robust to sampling variability in the expected value. Finally, the quantum machine learning model was trained on an actual ion-trap quantum computer. At each optimization step, the coefficient of determination $$R^{2}$$

R
2

improved equally on the actual machine and simulator, indicating that our findings enable the training of quantum circuits on the actual quantum computer to the same extent as on the simulator.
The association between dietary acid load and odds and severity of irritable bowel syndrome in adults
Authors: Mobasheri Fatemeh , Shidfar Farzad , Aminianfar Azadeh , Keshteli Ammar Hassanzadeh , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad , Adibi Peyman 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNo study has been conducted to investigate the association between dietary acid load and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). So, this cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the association between dietary acid load and odds of IBS, its severity, and IBS subtypes. A sample of 3362 Iranian subjects was selected from health centers in Isfahan province. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (DS-FFQ) was applied to estimate dietary intakes. The dietary acid load was measured using net endogenous acid production (NEAP), dietary acid load (DAL), and potential renal acid load (PRAL) scores. In crude models, the highest compared with the lowest category of the PRAL score was significantly associated with increased odds of IBS severity in participants with BMI ≥ 25 (kg/m2) (OR = 1.54; 95% CI = (1.03–2.32). Also, the results indicated a significant positive association between the PARL and odds of mixed subtype of IBS (OR = 1.74; 95% CI = (1.11–2.74); P trend = 0.02). In propensity score-adjusted model with potential confounders, only a positive association was found between PRAL and odds of mixed subtype of IBS (OR = 1.78; 95% CI = (1.05–3.00); P trend = 0.03). The DAL and NEAP scores tended to show non-significant similar findings. This study indicates that dietary acid load might be associated with odds of mixed type of IBS. However, further research is warranted to infer these findings.
Institutional similarity drives cultural similarity among online communities
Authors: Zhong Qiankun , Frey Seth 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHuman organizations are driven by their rules and cultures. But the effects of rules and cultures on organizational development cannot be understood without untangling their effects on each other. People’s values are contingent on how they have been enculturated within organizations. Conversely, their values may influence the organizations they join, particularly in online community settings, where users have thousands of organizations to choose from and exert selection pressure in favor of communities with favorable rules. Using longitudinal data on the rules systems of thousands of online communities, as well as the traffic of millions of users between them, we use techniques from network science to disentangle the relationship between cultural assimilation and institutional assimilation. We find that institutional similarities in administrative rules and informational rules drive cultural similarities. We discuss implications of these findings for research on organizational evolution, institution and culture, and the use of tracking data in organizational studies.
Semi-supervised learning for topographic map analysis over time: a study of bridge segmentation
Authors: Wong Cheng-Shih , Liao Hsiung-Ming , Tsai Richard Tzong-Han , Chang Ming-Ching 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGeographical research using historical maps has progressed considerably as the digitalization of topological maps across years provides valuable data and the advancement of AI machine learning models provides powerful analytic tools. Nevertheless, analysis of historical maps based on supervised learning can be limited by the laborious manual map annotations. In this work, we propose a semi-supervised learning method that can transfer the annotation of maps across years and allow map comparison and anthropogenic studies across time. Our novel two-stage framework first performs style transfer of topographic map across years and versions, and then supervised learning can be applied on the synthesized maps with annotations. We investigate the proposed semi-supervised training with the style-transferred maps and annotations on four widely-used deep neural networks (DNN), namely U-Net, fully-convolutional network (FCN), DeepLabV3, and MobileNetV3. The best performing network of U-Net achieves $$F1_{inst:0.1} = 0.725$$

F

1

i
n
s
t
:
0.1

=
0.725

and $$F1_{inst:0.01} = 0.743$$

F

1

i
n
s
t
:
0.01

=
0.743

trained on style-transfer synthesized maps, which indicates that the proposed framework is capable of detecting target features (bridges) on historical maps without annotations. In a comprehensive comparison, the $$F1_{inst:0.1}$$

F

1

i
n
s
t
:
0.1

of U-Net trained on Contrastive Unpaired Translation (CUT) generated dataset ($$0.662 \pm 0.008$$

0.662
±
0.008

) achieves 57.3 % than the comparative score ($$0.089 \pm 0.065$$

0.089
±
0.065

) of the least valid configuration (MobileNetV3 trained on CycleGAN synthesized dataset). We also discuss the remaining challenges and future research directions.
Toroidal counter electrode for ionic propulsion
Authors: Chirita Marius , Ieta Adrian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSignificant attention has recently been given to applications of ionic wind to atmospheric propulsion. Rotational ionic engines (RIE) have also demonstrated to have potential for in-atmosphere propulsion in negative polarity. However, such devices have not yet produced enough thrust for a rotary ionic drone to be developed. We demonstrate here that a toroidal counter electrode can increase the RIE's performance by up to 7.8 times greater than in previous configurations (upper limit not determined). The RIE is designed with pin emitters extended on the trailing edge of a 12.6 cm two-blade plastic propeller placed above a toroidal counter-electrode which provided axial thrust up to 288.55 m Nat 23.15 N/m2, 4.2 m/s bulk airflow speed within the propeller plane, and 251 m3/h flow rate. The new design generates axial thrust due to the linear acceleration of ions between electrodes, and also due to the induced rotary motion of the propeller which captures the energy and momentum of ions accelerated in the propeller rotational plane. Thrust to power ratio can be measured by the ratio of voltage to current or propeller kinetic energy to power. A 4-RIE array matched the thrust (1 N) of a four-blade drone with similar blade size.
Effect of gelatin treatment on tow deformation in resin-impregnated glass fiber
Authors: Li Mei-Xian , Ren Yu , Lee Dasom , Kim MooSun , Choi SungWoong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe potential use of gelatin materials in the liquid composite molding manufacturing (LCM) process was investigated, with specific focus on the reinforcement deformation phenomenon. The adoptability of gelatin as a binder in a composite material with glass fiber for application in the LCM process was evaluated by analyzing the permeability and microscopic structure of the gelatin-coated glass fiber. To assess the tow deformation, the permeability of the non-crimped unidirectional glass fiber mat was evaluated at different flow rates that could be applied in the LCM process. Hysteresis of the permeability was observed as the flow rate increased and decreased, indicative of tow deformation. The permeability of the gelatin-treated glass fiber mat exhibited a relatively smaller variation than that of the untreated glass fiber at the same flow rate. Tow deformation in the untreated and gelatin-treated non-crimped glass fiber mats at different flow rates was evaluated by microscopic analysis and quantified using the tow thickness index. Relatively smaller variations in the permeability and minimal changes in the tow thickness of the gelatin-treated glass fiber mat were observed via microscopic analysis, indicating that gelatin effectively maintained the binding structure of the glass fiber mat.
Modelling the effect of the inhibitors on asphaltene precipitation using Flory–Huggins theory
Authors: Eskini Farzaneh , Dehaghani Amirhossein Saeedi , Shadman Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDue to the technical, environmental and economic problems caused by asphaltene precipitation, such as oil production reduction, well shut-ins and the necessity of EOR usage, the prediction of asphaltene precipitation seems to be vital. Considering the larger size of asphaltene molecules compared to the other hydrocarbon, it is reasonable to predict the precipitation using the Flory–Huggins theory. In this study, Flory–Huggins solution theory has been modified regarding the solvent molar volume. The modified model was used to predict the asphaltene precipitation of four oil samples in the absence and presence of the inhibitors. Then, the modeling data given by the Flory–Huggins theory was validated with the experimental data obtained by ASTM D-6560 standard method. The mean error at this modeling was 2–13%, which seems acceptable. The proposed model for the cases where an inhibitor is not involved has higher accuracy. The modified Flory–Huggins theory confirmed that the addition of inhibitors at all concentrations postpones the onset point. The average error of the modified model was found to be 4.5–9.8%, which is in a good range. Also, the model accuracy is less for situations where the asphaltene content of the crude oil is higher. Based on this study, the modification of Flory–Huggins theory, regarding the solvent molar volume leads to a lower error.
Radio antipodal number of honeycomb derived networks
Authors: Gomathi S. , Venugopal P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe communication in a wireless network mainly depends on the frequencies or channels assigned to them. The channels must be assigned to all the transmitters in the network without interference for effective communication. This problem is said to be a channel (frequency) assignment problem (CAP). With the limited availability of channels, CAP has become a challenging problem. This problem is modeled as a graph, where each transmitter is represented by a vertex, and two vertices are adjacent when their corresponding transmitters are close. The labelling technique in graph theory has played an important role in solving CAP, thereby the time and cost will be saved. In radio antipodal labeling, the channels were reused again for the antipodal vertices. It will reduce the usage of the number of channels, with minimum interference. Hence it is a better labeling compared to other labelings. It is a mapping $$\tau$$
τ
from the vertex set of a graph T to the set of natural numbers such that the condition $$d(\alpha ,\eta )+\mid \tau (\alpha )-\tau (\eta )\mid \ge diam(T)$$

d
(
α
,
η
)
+
∣
τ
(
α
)
-
τ
(
η
)
∣
≥
d
i
a
m
(
T
)

, is satisfied. The span of the antipodal labeling $$\tau$$
τ
is the maximum label allotted in a graph and is given by $$sp(\tau )=max\{\mid \tau (\alpha )-\tau (\eta )\mid :\alpha ,\eta \in V(T)\}$$

s
p
(
τ
)
=
m
a
x
{
∣
τ
(
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)
-
τ
(
η
)
∣
:
α
,
η
∈
V
(
T
)
}

. The lowest value of all the spans of the antipodal labeling of graph T is said to be radio antipodal number. It is denoted by an(T). The value of the minimum span gives the bandwidth or spectrum of the channels. The honeycomb network plays an important role in communication engineering because of its structure. In this paper, the bounds of the antipodal number of honeycomb derived networks—triangular and rhombic honeycomb were obtained and represented graphically. These bounds give the optimum number of channels (bandwidth) needed for these honeycomb derived networks for effective communication without interference.
Drivers and variability of CO2:O2 saturation along a gradient from boreal to Arctic lakes
Authors: Allesson Lina , Valiente Nicolas , Dörsch Peter , Andersen Tom , Eiler Alexander , Hessen Dag O. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLakes are significant players for the global climate since they sequester terrestrially derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and emit greenhouse gases like CO2to the atmosphere. However, the differences in environmental drivers of CO2concentrations are not well constrained along latitudinal and thus climate gradients. Our aim here is to provide a better understanding of net heterotrophy and gas balance at the catchment scale in a set of boreal, sub-Arctic and high-Arctic lakes. We assessed water chemistry and concentrations of dissolved O2and CO2, as well as the CO2:O2ratio in three groups of lakes separated by steps of approximately 10 degrees latitude in South-Eastern Norway (near 60° N), sub-Arctic lakes in the northernmost part of the Norwegian mainland (near 70° N) and high-Arctic lakes on Svalbard (near 80° N). Across all regions, CO2saturation levels varied more (6–1374%) than O2saturation levels (85–148%) and hence CO2saturation governed the CO2:O2ratio. The boreal lakes were generally undersaturated with O2, while the sub-Arctic and high-Arctic lakes ranged from O2saturated to oversaturated. Regardless of location, the majority of the lakes were CO2supersaturated. In the boreal lakes the CO2:O2ratio was mainly related to DOC concentration, in contrast to the sub-Arctic and high-Arctic localities, where conductivity was the major statistical determinant. While the southern part is dominated by granitic and metamorphic bedrock, the sub-Arctic sites are scattered across a range of granitic to sedimentary bed rocks, and the majority of the high-Arctic lakes are situated on limestone, resulting in contrasting lake alkalinities between the regions. DOC dependency of the CO2:O2ratio in the boreal region together with low alkalinity suggests that in-lake heterotrophic respiration was a major source of lake CO2. Contrastingly, the conductivity dependency indicates that CO2saturation in the sub-Arctic and high-Arctic lakes was to a large part explained by DIC input from catchment respiration and carbonate weathering.