bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics of Tenofovir Alafenamide With Boosted Protease Inhibitors in Pregnant and Postpartum Women Living With HIV: Results From IMPAACT P1026s
Authors: Brooks Kristina M. , Pinilla Mauricio , Stek Alice M. , Shapiro David E. , Barr Emily , Febo Irma L. , Paul Mary E. , Deville Jaime G. , George Kathleen , Knowles Kevin , Rungruengthanakit Kittipong , Browning Renee , Chakhtoura Nahida , Capparelli Edmund V. , Mirochnick Mark , Best Brookie M. ,   on behalf of the IMPAACT P1026s Protocol Team
Published: February 2022

Background:
Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is a key component of HIV treatment, but pharmacokinetic data supporting the use of TAF during pregnancy are limited. In this study, we report pharmacokinetic, safety, and birth outcomes for TAF 25 mg with a boosted protease inhibitor in pregnant women living with HIV.

Methods:
IMPAACT P1026s was a multicenter, nonrandomized, open-label, phase IV prospective study. Pregnant women living with HIV receiving TAF 25 mg with a boosted protease inhibitor were eligible. Intensive pharmacokinetic assessments were performed during the second and third trimesters and 6–12 weeks postpartum. Maternal and cord blood samples were collected at delivery. Infant washout samples were collected through 5–9 days postbirth. Comparisons of paired pharmacokinetic data between pregnancy and postpartum were made using geometric mean ratios (GMR) [90% confidence intervals (CIs)] and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests with P < 0.10 considered significant.

Results:
Twenty-nine women were enrolled from the United States (median age 31 years and weight 84.5 kg during the third trimester; 48% Black, 45% Hispanic/Latina). TAF AUCtau did not significantly differ in the second [GMR 0.62 (90% CI: 0.29 to 1.34); P = 0.46] or third trimester [GMR 0.94 (90% CI: 0.63 to 1.39); P = 0.50] vs. postpartum and were comparable with historical data in nonpregnant adults. TAF was only quantifiable in 2/25 maternal delivery samples and below the limit of quantification in all cord blood and infant washout samples, likely because of the short half-life of TAF.

Conclusion:
TAF AUCtau did not significantly differ between pregnancy and postpartum. These findings provide reassurance as TAF use during pregnancy continues to expand.
Secondary Gastrointestinal Amyloidosis With Increased 18F-FDG Uptake as the Only Presentation in a Patient With Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Ding Jie , Huo Li , Cui Ruixue , Luo Yaping 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A 63-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain and hematochezia was referred for 18F-FDG PET/CT for the underlying malignancy. PET/CT detected diffuse thickening of the bowel walls with intense radioactivity in the colons. She was later diagnosed with multiple myeloma and secondary gastrointestinal amyloidosis, and achieved complete response of myeloma and amyloidosis after 9 cycles of chemotherapy. This case highlighted that gastrointestinal abnormality caused by amyloidosis might be the only presenting symptoms and findings in 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with multiple myeloma.
Pentobarbital Coma Use in a Pregnant Patient With Refractory Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Patel Devan , Dehne Kelly , Pajer Hengameh , Barnett Randaline , Sasaki-Adams Deanna , Quinsey Carolyn 
Published: February 2022

Objective
Intracranial hypertension is a life-threatening condition that requires emergent diagnosis and management. Although pentobarbital coma for refractory intracranial hypertension has been studied in the general population, this study is the first reported case of pentobarbital coma use in a pregnant patient.

Methods
We performed a retrospective chart review of a pregnant patient with refractory intracranial hypertension and reviewed the current literature on the role of pentobarbital coma.

Results
We present the case of a 35-year-old woman at 26 weeks of gestation who developed refractory intracranial hypertension secondary to rupture of a dural arteriovenous fistula. The patient was taken to surgery for decompressive hemicraniectomy, clot evacuation, and dural arteriovenous fistula resection. Subsequently, the patient was treated with pentobarbital coma for 5 days and achieved adequate control of her intracranial pressures. The patient and fetus were closely monitored by the obstetrics team with no apparent harm to fetal well-being during her hospital stay. The patient underwent planned cesarean delivery at term, and both the mother and newborn were discharged in stable condition with no known pentobarbital-related complications.

Conclusions
Thus, we present the first case report demonstrating that pentobarbital coma may be a safe and efficacious option for treating pregnant patients with life-threatening refractory intracranial hypertension. We also provide dosing information for pentobarbital administration. Additional studies and reports involving pregnant patients are needed to better understand the impact of pentobarbital on both the mother and fetus. Furthermore, long-term follow-up of both the mother and newborn is critical to identifying any delayed sequelae of neonatal exposure to pentobarbital.
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Incidental Discovery Versus Symptomatic Presentation
Authors: Vosoughi Amir R. , Margolin Edward A. , Micieli Jonathan A. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
We aim to compare the clinical characteristics, disease course and visual outcomes between Canadian patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) who were incidentally discovered and those who sought care due to symptoms of IIH.

Methods:
Retrospective chart review of consecutive IIH patients conducted at tertiary neuro-ophthalmology clinics. Patients were divided into Group 1 (incidentally discovered disease) and Group 2 (patients seeking medical care due to symptoms of intracranial hypertension).

Results:
One hundred eighty-six patients were included in the study; of which, 75 (40.3%; Group-1) were incidentally discovered and 111 presented due to symptoms of IIH (Group-2). There were no differences in proportion of females (P = 0.101), age (P = 0.450), body mass index (P = 0.386), MRI findings of empty or partially empty sella (P = 0.41), and sella grade (P = 0.704). Group-1 patients were less likely to have experienced headache (P = 0.001), transient visual obscurations (P < 0.001), and diplopia (P = 0.026) at presentation. Group-1 patients were less likely to receive medical (P < 0.001) and surgical (P = 0.004) treatment. There was no difference in proportion of patients who lost weight between the groups (P = 0.848). At baseline, Group-1 patients exhibited better visual acuity (P = 0.001), Humphrey mean deviation (P < 0.001) and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (P < 0.001). Group-1 patients continued to have better visual acuity (P = 0.002) and Humphrey mean deviation (P < 0.001) at final follow-up.

Conclusions:
A significant portion of IIH patients were incidentally discovered. This group exhibited a favorable prognosis and only a minority of these patients required treatment. The way in which patients enter the medical system may be a valuable way to risk stratify IIH patients.
Activity of the manganese efflux transporter SLC30A10 in dopaminergic but not GABAergic neurons protects against neurotoxicity
Authors: Taylor Cherish A. , Grant Stephanie , Jursa Thomas , Aschner Michael , Smith Donald R. , Gonzales Reuben , Mukhopadhyay Somshuvra 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMetals such as copper, iron, and manganese (Mn) are essential for life, but induce neurotoxicity at elevated levels. Yet, the neuronal mechanisms of metal-induced neurological disease are largely unclear. A primary limitation has been an inability to selectively alter metal levels in specific neurons, so that the role of the targeted neurons in disease biology can be isolated. Here, we show that neuron-specific depletion of metal efflux transporters provides the feasibility to overcome this limitation by focusing on Mn, which accumulates in the basal ganglia and induces motor disease, and the Mn-specific efflux transporter SLC30A10. Pan-neuronal/glial Slc30a10 knockout mice exhibited increased basal ganglia Mn levels and hypolocomotor deficits in early-life (pre-adulthood), which were exacerbated by Mn exposure. The locomotor deficits of the pan-neuronal/glial strain was associated with a reduction in evoked striatal dopamine release without dopaminergic (DAergic) neurodegeneration or changes in striatal tissue dopamine levels. Furthermore, DAergic-specific, but not GABAergic-specific, Slc30a10 knockout mice recapitulated the hypolocomotor phenotype of the pan-neuronal/glial knockouts in early-life although Mn levels were elevated in the targeted basal ganglia regions of both the neuron-specific strains. Put together, our results imply that (1) activity of SLC30A10 in DAergic neurons is necessary to protect against early-life Mn neurotoxicity; (2) increasing Mn levels in DAergic neurons is sufficient to induce early-life motor disease, suggesting that Mn targets DAergic neurons in the early-life period to induce motor deficits; and (3) neuron-specific knockout of metal efflux transporters may be a widely applicable strategy to elucidate mechanisms of metal-induced neurotoxicity.
Modelling the tonotopic map using a two-dimensional array of neural oscillators
Authors: Biswas Dipayan , Srinivasa Chakravarthy V. , Tarsode Asit 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe present a model of a tonotopic map known as the Oscillatory Tonotopic Self-Organizing Map (OTSOM). It is a 2-dimensional, self-organizing array of Hopf oscillators, capable of performing a Fourier-like decomposition of the input signal. While the rows in the map encode the input phase, the columns encode frequency. Although Hopf oscillators exhibit resonance to a sinusoidal signal when there is a frequency match, there is no obvious way to also achieve phase tuning. We propose a simple method by which a pair of Hopf oscillators, unilaterally coupled through a coupling scheme termed as modified power coupling, can exhibit tuning to the phase offset of sinusoidal forcing input. The training of OTSOM is performed in 2 stages: while the frequency tuning is adapted in stage 1, phase tuning is adapted in stage 2. Earlier tonotopic map models have modeled frequency as an abstract parameter unconnected to any oscillation. By contrast, in OTSOM, frequency tuning emerges as a natural outcome of an underlying resonant process. The OTSOM model can be regarded as an approximation of the tonotopic map found in the primary auditory cortices of mammals, particularly exemplified in the studies of echolocating bats.
Liver lipophagy ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis through lysosomal lipid exocytosis
Authors: Minami Yoshito , Hoshino Atsushi , Higuchi Yusuke , Hamaguchi Masahide , Kaneko Yusaku , Kirita Yuhei , Taminishi Shunta , Taruno Akiyuki , Fukui Michiaki , Arany Zoltan , Matoba Satoaki 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive disorder with aberrant lipid accumulation and subsequent inflammatory and profibrotic response. Therapeutic efforts at lipid reduction via increasing cytoplasmic lipolysis unfortunately worsens hepatitis due to toxicity of liberated fatty acid. An alternative approach could be lipid reduction through autophagic disposal, i.e., lipophagy. We engineered a synthetic adaptor protein to induce lipophagy, combining a lipid droplet-targeting signal with optimized LC3-interacting domain. Activating hepatocyte lipophagy in vivo strongly mitigated both steatosis and hepatitis in a diet-induced mouse NASH model. Mechanistically, activated lipophagy promoted the excretion of lipid from hepatocytes via lysosomal exocytosis, thereby suppressing harmful intracellular accumulation of nonesterified fatty acid. A high-content compound screen identified alpelisib and digoxin, clinically-approved compounds, as effective activators of lipophagy. Administration of alpelisib or digoxin in vivo strongly inhibited the transition to steatohepatitis. These data thus identify lipophagy as a promising therapeutic approach to prevent NASH progression.
Clothing recognition based on deep sparse convolutional neural network
Authors: Xiang Jun , Pan Ruru , Gao Weidong 
Published: February 2022

Purpose The paper aims to propose a novel method based on deep sparse convolutional neural network (CNN) for clothing recognition. A CNN based on inception module is applied to bridge pixel-level features and high-level category labels. In order to improve the robustness accuracy of the network, six transformation methods are used to preprocess images. To avoid representational bottlenecks, small-sized convolution kernels are adopted in the network. This method first pretrains the network on ImageNet and then fine-tune the model in clothing data set.Design/methodology/approach The paper opts for an exploratory study by using the control variable comparison method. To verify the rationality of the network structure, lateral contrast experiments with common network structures such as VGG, GoogLeNet and AlexNet, and longitudinal contrast tests with different structures from one another are performed on the created clothing image data sets. The indicators of comparison include accuracy, average recall, average precise and F-1 score.Findings Compared with common methods, the experimental results show that the proposed network has better performance on clothing recognition. It is also can be found that larger input size can effectively improve accuracy. By analyzing the output structure of the model, the model learns a certain “rules” of human recognition clothing.Originality/value Clothing analysis and recognition is a meaningful issue, due to its potential values in many areas, including fashion design, e-commerce and retrieval system. Meanwhile, it is challenging because of the diversity of clothing appearance and background. Thus, this paper raises a network based on deep sparse CNN to realize clothing recognition.
Online learning readiness and online learning system success in Vietnamese higher education
Authors: Pham Lam Tra , Dau Thoa Kim Thi 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThe article aims examine an integrated model of the technology acceptance model (TAM), the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) and DeLone and McLean information systems (D&M IS) success model to determine the effects of online learning readiness (OLR) on learners' online learning system (OLS) usage and their satisfaction. The authors also investigate the relationship between performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and OLR of students. Moreover, this work examines the mediate role of learner satisfaction in the linking of OLS usage and performance in Vietnamese higher education.Design/methodology/approachA total of 558 valid questionnaires were collected from students at five large universities in Vietnam to test the fit of proposed model, measurement model and structural relationships between constructs by using partial least squares (PLS) path analytics.FindingsPerformance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence have significant positive effects on OLR of students in online learning context. OLR has a positive impact on both learner satisfaction and OLS usage. The learner performance is significantly influenced by satisfaction while it is indirectly affected by OLS usage via satisfaction. In addition, OLS usage plays as a partial mediation variable in the relationship between OLR and satisfaction. The path model could explain 56% of variance of the learner performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has a few limitations. First, this study is cross-sectional, which allows the elaboration of correlations between variables but lacks confidence in causality exploration. Second, the self-reported data are inherently subjective, which might generate biased results in measuring learner performance.Practical implicationsThis research has implications for instructors and higher education organizations. The findings provide insights for instructors to manage efficiently the OLS adoption of students. Higher education organizations should understand and identify factors in terms of OLR, OLS usage, learner satisfaction and learner performance when OLSs are implemented in university. Performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence have been criticized for considering OLR.Originality/valueThis is the first empirical study to determine relationship between performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, OLR, OLS usage, satisfaction and performance in the context of online learning environment in Vietnam.
The impact of hiring local managers on foreign venture capital performance: evidence from China
Authors: Chen Wanyi , Hou Qingchuan , Tian Gary , Wang Lanfang 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThis study examines whether recruitment of local managers helps foreign venture capital (VC) firms mitigate the liability of foreignness measured by cultural differences and improves their performance in relationship-based emerging markets such as China.Design/methodology/approachFrom a data set comprising 1,939 Chinese portfolio companies with first-round investments by 282 foreign lead VC firms during 2000–2015, the study tracks the outcome of each investment until the end of 2018 and collects the background information of partners of lead VC firms. A survival analysis using the Cox hazard model is conducted.FindingsCultural differences of the foreign VC's home country, when compared to China, positively influence the success of VC firms. Recruitment of local managers reinforces this positive influence. The influence of local manager recruitment is more pronounced for VC firms with politically connected local managers, during politically uncertain periods, in industries supported by the government, in provinces with high government intervention and in VC firms with decentralized decision rights given to local managers.Originality/valueThis research complements the international business literature on the advantages of hiring local managers and identifies the channels through which local managers help foreign VC firms obtain relationship-based resources. The findings also have practical implications for those foreign investors who intend to enter into relationship-based emerging markets.
Accounting, valuing and investing in health care: dealing with outdated accounting models
Authors: Vesty Gillian , Kokshagina Olga , Jansson Miia , Cheong France , Butler-Henderson Kerryn 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
Despite major progress made in improving the health and well-being of millions of people, more efforts are needed for investment in 21st century health care. However, public hospital waiting lists continue to grow. At the same time, there has been increased investment in e-health and digital interventions to enhance population health and reduce hospital admissions. The purpose of this study is to highlight the accounting challenges associated with measuring, investing and accounting for value in this setting. The authors argue that this requires more nuanced performance metrics that effect a shift from a technical practice to one that embraces social and moral values.

Design/methodology/approach
This research is based on field interviews held with clinicians, accountants and administrators in public hospitals throughout Australia and Europe. The field research and multidisciplinary narratives offer insights and issues relating to value and valuing and managing digital health investment decisions for the post-COVID-19 “value-based health-care” future of accounting in the hospital setting.

Findings
The authors find that the complex activity-based hospital funding models operate as a black box, with limited clinician understanding and hybridised accounting expertise for informed social, moral and ethical decision-making. While there is malleability of the health economics-derived activity-based hospital funding models, value contestation and conflict are evident in the operationalisation of these models in practice. Activity-based funding (ABF) mechanisms reward patient throughput volumes in hospitals but at the same time stymie investment in digital health. Although classified as strategic investments, there is a limit to strategic planning.

Research limitations/implications
Accounting in public hospitals has become increasingly visible and contested during the pandemic-driven health-care crisis. Further research is required to examine the hybridising accounting expertise as it is increasingly implicated in the incremental changes to ABF in the emergence of value-based health care and associated digital health investment strategies. Despite operationalising these health economic models in practice, accountants are currently being blamed for dysfunctional health-care decisions. Further education for practicing accountants is required to effect operational change. This includes education on the significant moral and ethical dilemmas that result from accounting for patient mix choices in public hospital service provision.

Originality/value
This research involved a multidisciplinary team from accounting, digital health, information systems, value-based health care and clinical expertise. Unique insights on the move to digital health care are provided. This study contributes to policy development and the limited value-based health-care literature in accounting.
Does economy wide knowledge spillover determine firm level process innovation
Authors: Wedajo Abel Dula , Berhe Mesfin Welderufael , Xiao Huilin 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to see how the economy-wide spillover effect affects company process innovation.

Design/methodology/approach
To account for national differences, the current study used a hierarchical model.

Findings
The findings of this study show that knowledge spillover is related to and influences the innovation process of businesses. Only a level two study that takes into account country-specific differences may reveal this. The current work uses a hierarchical model to try to capture knowledge spillover. Furthermore, the findings suggest that medium and large businesses, as well as businesses conducting research and development (R&D), are more inventive than small businesses and firms not conducting R&D. Furthermore, female-owned businesses are more likely than their male counterparts to innovate their processes.

Originality/value
This study is unique in that it makes predictions about how businesses innovate (behave) based on firm-level characteristics, or macroeconomic structure, without sacrificing information and variance. Furthermore, this study attempts to solve the difficulty of prior empirical research’s single-level analysis and cross-level inference. The research is based on data from the 2019 World Bank regular Enterprise Survey, which includes 18,148 businesses from 38 countries.