bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Childhood adversity and approach/avoidance-related behaviour in boys
Authors: Grossheinrich Nicola , Schaeffer Julia , Firk Christine , Eggermann Thomas , Huestegge Lynn , Konrad Kerstin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractChildhood adversity has been suggested to affect the vulnerability for developmental psychopathology, including both externalizing and internalizing symptoms. This study examines spontaneous attention biases for negative and positive emotional facial expressions as potential intermediate phenotypes. In detail, typically developing boys (6–13 years) underwent an eye-tracking paradigm displaying happy, angry, sad and fearful faces. An approach bias towards positive emotional facial expressions with increasing childhood adversity levels was found. In addition, an attention bias away from negative facial expressions was observed with increasing childhood adversity levels, especially for sad facial expressions. The results might be interpreted in terms of emotional regulation strategies in boys at risk for reactive aggression and depressive behaviour.
A Global Synthesis of the Effects of Livestock Activity on Hydrological Processes
Authors: Eldridge David J. , Ding Jingyi , Travers Samantha K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe livestock sector supports billions of people worldwide, yet when poorly managed, can have substantial negative effects on soils and ecosystem functions. Despite numerous studies and reviews of the effects of livestock activity on hydrological functions, a global synthesis of their effects on different biotic (vegetation, herbivore type) and abiotic (climate, soil, spatial scales) factors remains elusive. This makes it difficult to provide ecologically based advice on how best to manage grazing to minimise environmental damage and maximise hydrological functions. We used a global meta-analysis to examine the effects of livestock activity on hydrological inflows (infiltration, soil moisture), and outflows (runoff, sediment) using a dataset compiled from 3044 contrasts of grazed and ungrazed data from 129 publications between 1935 and 2020. Overall, we found that livestock activity increased sediment production (+ 52 ± 19.8%; mean ± 95% CI), reduced infiltration (− 25 ± 5.2%), but had no significant effect on either runoff (+ 27 ± 29.6%) or soil moisture (− 5 ± 5.9%). These impacts varied markedly among herbivore types and intensity, with greatest reductions in infiltration at high and low grazing contrasts, and more pronounced negative effects of grazing when sheep and cattle grazed together than either alone. The impact of livestock activity also varied with climatic region, soil texture, and the interaction between aridity and plant cover. Our study demonstrates the nuanced effects of livestock activity, with herbivore type and intensity, and environmental context modifying the hydrological outcomes. Livestock grazing is unlikely to result in positive environmental outcomes for infiltration and sediment production.
Bat4CEP: a bat algorithm for mining of complex event processing rules
Authors: Bruns Ralf , Dunkel Jürgen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractComplex Event Processing (CEP) is a modern software technology for the dynamic analysis of continuous data streams. CEP is able of searching extremely large data streams in real time for the presence of event patterns. So far, specifying event patterns of CEP rules is still a manual task based on the expertise of domain experts. This paper presents a novel bat-inspired swarm algorithm for automatically mining CEP rule patterns that express the relevant causal and temporal relations hidden in data streams. The basic suitability and performance of the approach is proven by extensive evaluation with both synthetically generated data and real data from the traffic domain.
Constructing Narrative Identity and Capabilities of Finnish Reform School Adolescents
Authors: Niiranen Janette , Isola Anna-Maria , Känkänen Päivi , Manninen Marko 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMost studies of adolescents placed in foster care due to severe conduct problems have focused on their problems, while adolescents with healthy adulthood condition remain understudied. In Finland, adolescents with severe conduct problems are placed in reform schools (RS). The purpose of this study was to examine how former RS adolescents’ narrative identity and capability construction interact in different phases of their life-stories. Semi-structured life-story interviews were conducted with 13 former RS adolescents with healthy adulthood condition. Data were analyzed using a narrative constructivist method. We found a story in which the theoretical elements found from the research material were especially rich and thick and decided to present it as a case example of our findings—Anna’s story. The analysis showed that capabilities were closely related to RS adolescents’ identity construction and well-being. Strengthened capabilities provided material for identity construction, such as identities of meaning making, agency, redemption, and communion. The findings of the study point out that out-of-home care adolescents’ stable and trusting relationships should be supported as they may strengthen capabilities and help develop feelings of meaningfulness, belonging, experienced parity of participation and senses of coherence.
Adolescent Family and Dating Violence and the Criminal Law Response
Authors: Douglas Heather , Walsh Tamara 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe criminal law response to adolescent family and dating violence is understudied in Australia. The aim of the present study was to examine the charges and sentences adolescents face when they perpetrate acts of violence against family members or intimate partners, and to better understand the personal circumstances of these adolescents, including whether they have been diagnosed with a mental illness, whether they have a criminal history and whether they have been subject to child protection interventions. We undertook a two stage study analyzing unpublished statistical data and case files held by the Youth Justice department in Queensland, Australia. We found that the most commonly charged offence was contravention of a family violence protection order in the context of adolescent dating violence. We found that many of the adolescents charged with adolescent family and dating violence related offences faced significant challenges and that Indigenous young people were significantly overrepresented in family violence related charges, especially for contraventions of a family violence protection order. Whilst criminal law responses are uncommon in parent–child and sibling violence contexts, family violence protection orders are over-utilized as a response to adolescent dating violence. Such orders when breached result in criminalization of the young person. Resources should to be (re)directed away from the criminal law system and into community-led, place-based initiatives that address the drivers of crime and incarceration.
The landscapes of livestock diversity: grazing local breeds as a proxy for domesticated species adaptation to the environment
Authors: Velado-Alonso Elena , Morales-Castilla Ignacio , Gómez-Sal Antonio 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Context
Domesticated animals play a central role in agricultural landscapes. However, livestock has been scarcely studied from a spatial perspective. Mapping of livestock diversity has been limited by the lack of distribution and demography data. This shortfall limits both the reach of actions aimed to conserve threatened breeds and their consideration as a tool for improving sustainability in livestock landscapes.

Objectives
To analyse environmental drivers of local grazing livestock breed—those autochthonous to a specific region—distributions and delineate livestock ecoregions, i.e. areas where certain groups of breeds exhibit similarly response to environmental factors in their distribution.

Methods
We used non-metric multidimensional scaling and hierarchical clustering to explore the distribution of the areas of origin of 119 local livestock breeds of the bovine, ovine, caprine, equine and asinine species. In addition, we performed randomisations and preference index to establish livestock ecoregions.

Results
Our results show contrasting spatial distributions of grazing local breeds across the studied species, explained by environmental factors. The distribution of cattle breeds is determined by the temperate influence of Atlantic Ocean, while sheep breeds are related to more continental climates, especially to those of the central Iberian plateau. Goat breeds are associated with limiting factors in the context of the Mediterranean climate, such as the seasonality of precipitation, and equine breeds are adapted to particular regions, reaching areas at the environmental extremes. The partitioning of the geographic and environmental space is reflected in the livestock ecoregions.

Conclusions
Livestock intraspecific diversity has acted as an adaptive response of domesticated grazing animals to specific environmental conditions. Our delineation of livestock ecoregions could aid to move towards more sustainable agricultural and livestock landscapes and help in the conservation of agrobiodiversity.
Poly(A) RNA sequencing reveals age-related differences in the prefrontal cortex of dogs
Authors: Sándor Sára , Jónás Dávid , Tátrai Kitti , Czeibert Kálmán , Kubinyi Eniko 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDogs may possess a unique translational potential to investigate neural aging and dementia because they are prone to age-related cognitive decline, including an Alzheimer’s disease–like pathological condition. Yet very little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying canine cognitive decline. The goal of the current study was to explore the transcriptomic differences between young and old dogs’ frontal cortex, which is a brain region often affected by various forms of age-related dementia in humans. RNA isolates from the frontal cortical brain area of 13 pet dogs, which represented 7 different breeds and crossbreds, were analyzed. The dogs were euthanized for medical reasons, and their bodies had been donated by their owners for scientific purposes. The poly(A) tail RNA subfraction of the total transcriptome was targeted in the sequencing analysis. Cluster analyses, differential gene expression analyses, and gene ontology analyses were carried out to assess which genes and genetic regulatory mechanisms were mostly affected by aging. Age was the most prominent factor in the clustering of the animals, indicating the presence of distinct gene expression patterns related to aging in a genetically variable population. A total of 3436 genes were found to be differentially expressed between the age groups, many of which were linked to neural function, immune system, and protein synthesis. These findings are in accordance with previous human brain aging RNA sequencing studies. Some genes were found to behave more similarly to humans than to rodents, further supporting the applicability of dogs in translational aging research.
The Allure of Big Data to Improve Stroke Outcomes: Review of Current Literature
Authors: Olaiya Muideen T. , Sodhi-Berry Nita , Dalli Lachlan L. , Bam Kiran , Thrift Amanda G. , Katzenellenbogen Judith M. , Nedkoff Lee , Kim Joosup , Kilkenny Monique F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Purpose of Review
To critically appraise literature on recent advances and methods using “big data” to evaluate stroke outcomes and associated factors.

Recent Findings
Recent big data studies provided new evidence on the incidence of stroke outcomes, and important emerging predictors of these outcomes. Main highlights included the identification of COVID-19 infection and exposure to a low-dose particulate matter as emerging predictors of mortality post-stroke. Demographic (age, sex) and geographical (rural vs. urban) disparities in outcomes were also identified. There was a surge in methodological (e.g., machine learning and validation) studies aimed at maximizing the efficiency of big data for improving the prediction of stroke outcomes. However, considerable delays remain between data generation and publication.

Summary
Big data are driving rapid innovations in research of stroke outcomes, generating novel evidence for bridging practice gaps. Opportunity exists to harness big data to drive real-time improvements in stroke outcomes.
Optimism, pessimism and life satisfaction: an empirical investigation
Authors: Piper Alan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis is an empirical investigation into life satisfaction, using nationally representative German panel data. The study confirms with modern econometric techniques the previously found substantial association with an individual’s thoughts about the future, whether they are optimistic or pessimistic about it, with life satisfaction. In addition, the investigation demonstrates that the association holds when some possibly anticipated events (like, for example, divorce and unemployment) are controlled for. Furthermore, including individuals’ optimism and pessimism about the future substantially increases the explanatory power of standard life satisfaction models. The effect size is greater for individuals who report being pessimistic than that for well-understood negative events like unemployment. These effects are attenuated though do remain substantial after controlling for the following: individual fixed effects; statistically matching on observable variables between optimistic and pessimistic individuals; and addressing the potential endogeneity of optimism and pessimism to life satisfaction.
The Association of Contemporary Screen Behaviours with Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Sleep in Adolescents: a Cross-sectional Analysis of the Millennium Cohort Study
Authors: Kontostoli Elli , Jones Andy P. , Pearson Natalie , Foley Louise , Biddle Stuart J. H. , Atkin Andrew J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Screen behaviours are highly prevalent in adolescents and may be adversely associated with physical and mental health. Understanding how screen behaviours inter-relate with physical activity and sleep may help to clarify pathways through which they impact health and potential routes to behaviour change. This cross-sectional study examines the association of contemporary screen behaviours with physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep in adolescents.

Method
Data are from sweep 6 (2015/2016) of the Millennium Cohort Study, conducted when participants were aged 14 years. Outcome variables were accelerometer-assessed overall physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), self-reported sedentary behaviour and sleep duration. Screen behaviours were assessed using a 24-h time-use diary. Multivariable regression was used to examine the association between screen behaviours and each outcome variable separately for weekdays and weekend days.

Results
The use of social network sites was associated with (beta coefficient, 95% confidence interval (CI); minutes/day) less time in MVPA (weekdays: − 5.2 (− 10.3, − 0.04); weekend: − 10.0 (− 15.5, − 4.5)), and sedentary behaviours (weekdays: − 19.8 (− 31.0, − 8.6); weekend: − 17.5 (− 30.9, − 4.1)). All screen behaviours were associated with shorter sleep duration on weekdays, whereas only the use of email/texts and social network sites was associated with shorter sleep duration on weekend days. The association of using social network sites with overall physical activity was stronger in girls than in boys; the association of internet browsing with sedentary behaviour was stronger in boys than in girls.

Conclusion
Intervention strategies to enhance MVPA and sleep duration by limiting screen-based activities may be warranted.
Investigation of the enhanced oil recovery potential of sodium cocoyl alaninate: an eco-friendly surfactant
Authors: Tackie-Otoo Bennet Nii , Ayoub Mohammed Mohammed Abdalla , Owusu Esther Boateng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAmino acid-based surfactants (AASs) and other novel surfactants have recently gained attention to provide a favorable environmental image (“green”) in surfactant application. Yet their potential in enhancing oil recovery is not well investigated. Only a few works have been reported on their potential enhanced oil recovery (EOR) application with less satisfactory results. Here in, sodium cocoyl alaninate (SCA), an acylated amino acid with excellent properties that facilitate its application in other fields, is investigated for its EOR potential. Its effectiveness in lowering the interfacial tension and the emulsifying crude oil–brine mixture were studied. The ability to alter rock surface wettability and its adsorption behavior on the sand surface were studied as well. Then, its oil recovery potential was confirmed through a core displacement experiment. All studies were performed in comparison with conventionally deployed sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The critical micelle concentrations for SCA (CMC = 0.23 wt%) and SDS (CMC = 0.21 wt%) were close, which serves as a good basis for comparing their EOR potential. SCA proved to be more effective in IFT reduction attaining a minimum IFT of 0.069 mN/m (i.e., ~ 98.8% IFT reduction) compared to 0.222 mN/m of SDS (i.e., ~ 96.2% IFT reduction) at the same concentration. Salinity showed a synergistic effect on the interfacial properties of both SCA and SDS but had a more significant impact on SDS interfacial properties than SCA due to low salt tolerance of SDS. The low IFT attained by SCA yielded enhanced emulsion formation and stable emulsion both at 25 °C and 80 °C for a period of one week. SCA also altered quartz surface wettability better via reduction of contact angle by 94.55% compared to SDS with contact angle reduction of 87.51%. The adsorption data were analyzed with the aid of various adsorption isotherm models. The adsorption behavior of SCA and SDS could be best described by the Langmuir model. This means a monomolecular surfactant layer exists at the aqueous–rock interface. SDS also exhibited more severe adsorption on the sand surface with the maximum adsorption density of 15.94 mg/g compared to SCA with the maximum adsorption density of 13.64 mg/g. The core flood data also confirmed that SCA has a better oil recovery potential than SDS with an additional oil recovery of 29.53% compared to 23.83% of SDS. This additional oil recovery was very satisfactory compared to the performance of other AAS that have been studied. This study therefore proves that SCA and other AAS could be outstanding alternatives to conventional EOR surfactants owing to their excellent EOR potential in addition to their environmental benign nature.
Adaptive sampling strategies for reduced-order modeling
Authors: Karcher Niklas , Franz Thomas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractReduced-order models (ROMs) become increasingly popular in industrial design and optimization processes, since they allow to approximate expensive high fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations in near real-time. The quality of ROM predictions highly depends on the placement samples in the spanned parameter space. Adaptive sampling strategies allow to identify regions of interest, which feature e.g. nonlinear responses with respect to the parameters, and therefore enable the sensible placement of new samples. By introducing more samples in these regions, the ROM prediction accuracy should increase. In this contribution we investigate different adaptive sampling strategies based on cross-validation, Gaussian mean-squared error, two methods exploiting the CFD residual and a two manifold embedding methods. The performance of those strategies is evaluated and measured by their ability to successfully identify the regions of interest and the resulting sample placement in terms of different quantitative statistical values. We further discuss the reduction of the ROM prediction error over the adaptive sampling iterations and show that depending on the adaptive sampling strategy, the number of required samples can be reduced by 35–44% without deteriorating model quality compared to a Halton sequence sampling plan.
Catalytic pyrolysis of date palm seeds on HZSM-5 and dolomite in a pyroprobe reactor in line with GC/MS
Authors: Arabiourrutia Miriam , Bensidhom Gmar , Bolaños Maider , Trabelsi Aïda Ben Hassen , Olazar Martin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCatalytic pyrolysis of date palm seeds (DPS) has been carried out in a pyroprobe connected online with a GC/MS. The effect of a HZSM-5 zeolite on the product distribution has been studied at 450 and 500 °C by using different catalyst/biomass mass ratios (1, 2, 5) and that of a dolomite catalyst at 450 °C using a catalyst/biomass mass ratio of one. Product distributions have been monitored and their trends explained based on the properties of the catalysts used. The HZSM-5 promotes the formation of incondensable gases and aromatic hydrocarbons due to its high acidity and shape selectivity. The concentrations of incondensable gases and hydrocarbons increase markedly with the catalyst/biomass mass ratio, with their peak area percentages ranging from 23.6 to 54.1% and from 7.1 to 24.5%, respectively. At the same time, a significative reduction in the amount of acids, ketones, phenols, furans, and anhydrosugars has been determined. The dolomite catalyst enhances ketonization reactions, which leads to a significant increase in the content of ketones, accounting for a value of around 27%.
Assessing the impact of sulfur cap on bunkering spot selection in the ARA region
Authors: Schinas Orestis , Ourolidis Georgios 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe introduction of IMO2020, the outbreak of COVID-19, and the oil price drop in 2020 had a significant impact on operators’ operating profits. Therefore, a competitive analysis of bunkering spots that suggests the optimal location for bunkering is of interest. This paper uses a combination of primary and secondary research, both from operators’ and suppliers’ side, to identify the key performance factors (KPFs) affecting the decision-making process of a bunkering port selection process. Answers were then combined by using a fuzzy TOPSIS analytical approach to quantify the competitive position of each port in the Amsterdam-Rotterdam-Antwerp (ARA) region. Results suggest that availability of low sulfur bunkers, bunker quality, bunker price, reliability, punctuality, and safety of bunkering services, as well as usage and availability of barges are the key KPFs in order of importance. Sulfur cap has not changed the competitive environment in the region as the geographic advantage of the port of Rotterdam plays a crucial role in the comparison with the other ports, in contrast to expressed concerns in the industry.
The stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini): a review of the current threats to their survival
Authors: TOLEDO-HERNÁNDEZ Erubiel , PEÑA-CHORA Guadalupe , HERNÁNDEZ-VELÁZQUEZ Víctor Manuel , LORMENDEZ Caleb C. , TORIBIO-JIMÉNEZ Jeiry , ROMERO-RAMÍREZ Yanet , LEÓN-RODRÍGUEZ Renato 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPollination by insects is an essential service for the conservation of plant biodiversity, since it increases the rate of fertilization of flowers and therefore increases the quality and quantity of seeds and fruits. In tropical regions, native plants depend heavily on stingless bees as pollinators since before the introduction of the European honey bee Apis mellifera. However, like for many other insect species worldwide, anthropogenic actions represent a true threat to stingless bee populations. In this article, we review the works that evaluated the potential negative impacts of human activities on populations of stingless bees. The studies constitute a strong body of evidence that stingless bee populations are at risk of decline around the world due to threats including habitat loss, agrochemicals, competition for resources, climate change, and the introduction of exotic species, including pathogens.