bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New and little-known ant species (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Bulgaria
Authors: Lapeva-Gjonova Albena , Borowiec Lech 
Published: May 2022

Many faunistic studies on the myrmecofauna of Bulgaria have been carried out and about 180 ant species (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from 43 genera and six subfamilies have been discovered as a result. Although the Bulgarian ant fauna is considered to be relatively well studied, the finding of unrecorded species continues, especially amongst the rare social parasites and the species with a more southern distribution in the Balkans.
The current study presents data on 11 ant species recorded for the first time in Bulgaria (Messor hellenius Agosti &amp; Collingwood, 1987, M. mcarthuri Steiner et al., 2018, Crematogaster ionia Forel, 1911, Monomorium monomorium Bolton, 1987, Temnothorax aeolius (Forel, 1911), T. cf. exilis ( form darii Forel, 1911), T. finzii (Menozzi, 1925), T. rogeri Emery, 1869, Tetramorium cf. punicum, Plagiolepis xene Stärcke, 1936 and Lasius reginae Faber, 1967), as well as new locality data on 15 rarely found species. Some of the species, such as Hypoponera eduardi (Forel, 1894), Strumigenys argiola (Emery, 1869), Temnothorax graecus (Forel, 1911), Tetramorium diomedeum Emery, 1908, Camponotus ionius Emery, 1920 and C. tergestinus Müller, 1921, have been known so far only from a single locality in Bulgaria.
The dataset of all records presented in this work was published separately through Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF, https://doi.org/10.15468/mngbzp).
Une femme dirigeante a-t-elle le droit d’être drôle au travail ? Humour et leadership au féminin
Authors: Codello Pénélope , Patry Catherine 
Published: May 2022

Cet article analyse l’usage de l’humour par les femmes dirigeantes sur leur lieu de travail. La revue de la littérature montre que les femmes subissent, dans ce domaine comme dans bien d’autres, un double standard : ce qui est perçu comme valorisant pour un homme est parfois perçu comme dévalorisant pour une femme. Afin d’analyser comment les femmes dirigeantes utilisent l’humour sur leur lieu de travail, nous avons réalisé 13 entretiens approfondis avec des femmes dirigeantes. Nos résultats enrichissent la littérature en montrant la diversité des usages de l’humour par les femmes dirigeantes sur leur lieu de travail. Certaines se l’interdisent strictement. La plupart l’utilisent en étant extrêmement attentives à la situation dans laquelle elles se trouvent. Toutefois, quelques-unes affirment l’utiliser volontiers. Ces résultats permettent d’identifier les conditions qui rendent possible l’usage de l’humour par les femmes dirigeantes sur leur lieu de travail.
Epidemiology of Organ Failure Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic Surge Conditions
Authors: Brogan James , Fazzari Melissa , Philips Kaitlyn , Aasman Boudewijn , Mirhaji Parsa , Gong Michelle Ng 
Published: May 2022

Background
Understanding the distribution of organ failure before and during the COVID-19 pandemic surge can provide a deeper understanding of how the pandemic strained health care systems and affected outcomes.

Objective
To assess the distribution of organ failure in 3 New York City hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study of adult admissions across hospitals from February 1, 2020, through May 31, 2020, was conducted. The cohort was stratified into those admitted before March 17, 2020 (prepandemic) and those admitted on or after that date (SARS-CoV-2–positive and non–SARS-CoV-2). Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores were computed every 2 hours for each admission.

Results
A total of 1 794 975 scores were computed for 20 704 admissions. Before and during the pandemic, renal failure was the most common type of organ failure at admission and respiratory failure was the most common type of hospital-onset organ failure. The SARS-CoV-2–positive group showed a 231% increase in respiratory failure compared with the prepandemic group. More than 65% of hospital-onset organ failure in the prepandemic group and 83% of hospital-onset respiratory failure in the SARS-CoV-2–positive group occurred outside intensive care units. The SARS-CoV-2–positive group showed a 341% increase in multiorgan failure compared with the prepandemic group. Compared with the prepandemic and non–SARS-CoV-2 patients, SARS-CoV-2–positive patients had significantly higher mortality for the same admission and maximum organ failure score.

Conclusion
Most hospital-onset organ failure began outside intensive care units, with a marked increase in multiorgan failure during pandemic surge conditions and greater hospital mortality for the severity of organ failure.
Custodiol-HTK Solution Vs. Conventional Cardioplegia for Myocardial Protection During Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Following Recent ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Saber Walaa Ahmed , El-Ghannam Mohamed , Mubarak Yasser Shaban , Mahdy Hesham Hassan , Khorshid Ramy Mohamed Reda 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background:
Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK), Bretschneider's, or Custodiol is an intracellular crystalloid cardioplegic solution which is claimed to offer single shot cardioplegia for myocardial protection during complex cardiac procedures for up to 3 h. We aimed to compare the clinical outcome of early coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using blood cardioplegia vs. Custodiol solution for myocardial protection in patients with recent ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Materials and Methods:
This prospective comparative study included 100 patients with recent STEMI who underwent early CABG at our institution between January 2019 and December 2020. The patients were divided into two groups: group A (n = 50) received blood cardioplegia and group B (n = 50) received Custodiol-HTK crystalloid cardioplegia.

Results:
There were non-significant differences in postoperative mortality and complication rates between both the groups except for significantly higher proportion of post-operative arrythmias after Custodiol cardioplegia (26% vs. 8%, P = 0.01). Custodiol was associated with significantly lower levels of blood troponin and higher levels of blood lactate for 6 h after CABG. Custodiol results in significantly shorter durations of mechanical ventilation (11.98 ± 4.03 vs. 18.28 ± 8.84 h, P < 0.001) and intensive care unit (ICU) stay (70.04 ± 14.80 vs. 80.20 ± 19.91 h, P = 0.01), with non-significantly shorter duration of post-operative hospital stay (7.98 ± 2.76 vs. 9.24 ± 3.41 days, P = 0.06).

Conclusion:
Custodiol as a single shot without interruption of the operative technique offers shorter durations of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay than blood cardioplegia, with more acceptable levels of post-operative troponin in high-risk patients who underwent early CABG for recent STEMI.
Accuracy Comparison between Four Methods of Endotracheal Tube Diameter Estimation for Pediatric Patients
Authors: Putra Sendhi Raka , Senapathi Tjokorda Gde Agung , Hartawan I Gusti Agung Gede Utara , Ryalino Christopher , Pradhana Adinda Putra 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background:
Successful intubation with the correct endotracheal tube (ETT) size is more difficult to achieve in pediatric patients. Several estimation methods exist, including ultrasonography and several conventional methods, but it is unclear which would be the most accurate method. Thus, this study aimed to compare the accuracy between several ETT diameter estimation methods.

Materials and Methods:
This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The sample includes pediatric patients (0–6 years) at a tertiary hospital recruited from January 2022 to March 2022. Primary data evaluated included age, gender, height, weight, actual ETT size used in the procedure, and the estimation of ETT size obtained by four different methods: ultrasonography, little finger diameter, little fingernail width, and age-based formula. Primary analysis was linear regression test between estimated diameter and the actual ETT diameter used in the procedure, controlling for potential confounders. The accuracy of each ETT size estimation method was seen from the values of the B and R2 coefficients from the linear regression test results.

Results:
Ultrasonography was found as the most accurate method, with B and R2 coefficients of 0.963 and 0.991, respectively. Among conventional methods, the diameter of the little finger was the most accurate (B = 0.918, R2 = 0.772). The age-based formula method was found to be the least accurate (B = 0.797, R2 = 0.735).

Conclusion:
Linear regression tests confirmed that the ultrasonography was the estimation method with the highest accuracy. For healthcare facilities with limited resources, the estimation method with little finger diameter should be considered.
Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
Authors: Shukla Ratnakar , Kandikatla Ashwini , Nadkarni Nitin J , Patil Anant 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis also known as Churg–Strauss syndrome or allergic granulomatosis and angiitis is an extremely rare systemic necrotizing vasculitis that affects small-to-medium-sized vessels. Here, we report a case of a 58-year-old man presenting with painful swelling of bilateral lower limbs with multiple well-defined erosions on lower legs and dorsum of the foot with a few of them showing brownish crusts and with slight watery discharge and a few with raw areas. The patient is a known case of bronchial asthma. Histopathology of foot and face lesion shows inflammatory cell infiltrate predominantly comprising of eosinophils, small- and medium-sized blood vessels are thickened. P-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positivity was seen. Thus, on the basis of positive findings which satisfy the criteria for eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, we diagnosed this as a case of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and for rarity of this case, we would like to report it.
The Friend Turned Foe
Authors: Chezhian Subramanian , Rajput Deepak , Joshua Lokavarapu Manoj , Huda Farhanul 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies encountered. Although studies have reported a rise in the number of cases over the past decade in Western countries, appendicitis is comparatively lower in Asian countries, mainly due to the prevailing dietary habits. Acute appendicitis can further complicate as either appendicular abscess or an appendicular lump or culminate into peritonitis following gangrene/rupture. Almost one-third of the patients with appendicitis present to the hospital with a ruptured appendix. Management of complicated appendicitis is complex, and the diagnosis itself becomes tricky when it presents unusually. Here, we describe the management of one such rare manifestation in a middle-aged female who had concomitant gangrenous appendicitis and bilateral pyothorax. This case report emphasizes that abdominal pathology can lead to bilateral intrathoracic collection without any preexisting thoracic pathology.
Burnout Syndrome Assessment Scale for Nurses Working in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Choudhary Mahima , Kumar Ashok , Pandey Vandana , Choudhary Vikas , Patidar Natwar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background:
Stress at workplace keep individual at extreme pressure and leads to exhaustion and inability to deal with stressful situation which causes burnout. Continuous stress on workplace causes multiple physical as well as psychological manifestations. Due to more demanding job nurses are more prone to burnout syndrome at workplace. Early assessment and timely interventions to overcome burnout are key for more productive work output. The objective of the present study was to develop Burnout Syndrome Assessment Scale (BOSAS) for nurses.

Materials and Methods:
A methodological design was carried out to develop BOSAS in different phases. Modified Delphi technique used for content validity. Reliability was calculated in terms of internal stability and stability of scale. Validity was measured in terms of face, content, criterion, and construct validity.

Results:
There were a total of 20 items in the final draft. Internal consistency was checked by Cronbach’s alpha which was 0.94. Test-retest reliability of scale was found 0.93. Pearson’s correlation was used to check inter-item correlation which was found between 0.20 and 0.40. The content validity index was 0.93. Concurrent criterion validity of scale was 0.82. Construct validity was analyzed by factor analysis, all items were loaded in 5 factors and accounted for 64.95% of variance.

Conclusion:
BOSAS has good validity and reliability and it can be used to assess and identify burnout among nurses.
Clinical Profile of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Comparing the First and Second Waves
Authors: Chhabra Sandeep , Sethi Suman , Kaur Simran , Singla Monika , Jindal Jyoti , Midha Vandana , Mahajan Rajesh , Bansal Namita , Mohan Bishav 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:

Background and Objectives:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, caused by the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), led to a devastating pandemic that hit majority of the countries globally in a wave-like pattern. The characteristics of the disease varied in different geographical areas and different populations. This study highlights the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 during two major waves in North India.

Materials and Methods:
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of all COVID-19-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-positive patients, admitted from March 2020 to June 2021, to a tertiary care center in North India, were studied retrospectively.

Results:
During this period, total of 5652 patients were diagnosed having COVID. Patients who were incidentally diagnosed as COVID-positive (n=667) with other unrelated comorbid conditions and patients admitted under level 1 facility (n=1655; 1219 from first and 436 from second wave) were excluded from final analysis. Males were most commonly affected in both waves, with male to female ratio 4:1 in first and 3:1 in second wave. First wave had significantly more people with co-morbidities like diabetes mellitus and hypertension (P=0.001), whereas younger age group (age <40 years) were significantly more affected in second wave (P= 0.000). Fever was the most common presenting complaint in both waves, followed by cough and breathlessness. Patients during first wave had more severe disease at presentation and high mortality compared to the second wave.

Conclusion:
Majority of the patients with COVID-19 infection presenting to our hospital were young during the second wave. Fever was noted as presenting manifestation. Mortality was low during the second wave as compared to the first wave, likely to be due to proper protocol-based treatment resulting in better outcomes.
Evaluation of Antioxidants in Discrete Regions of Brain after the Transplantation of Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells in 2,4,5-Trihydroxyphenylethylamine-lesioned Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Ravisankar Periyasamy , Ravishankar Panneerselvam , Prithviraj Elumalai , Ravindran Rajan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background and Aim:
Parkinson’s disease (PD) a neurodegenerative disorder for which no preventive or long term effective treatment strategies are available. Epidemiological studies have failed to identify specific environmental, dietary or lifestyle factors for PD. However oxidative stress in the substantia nigra (SN) and Corpus striatum is the most broadly accepted hypothesis for the etiopathology of PD. Many experiments state the notion that augmentation of neurotrophic factors and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factors, could prevent or halt the progress of neurodegeneration in PD.

Material and Methods:
The present study was designed to assess the motor behaviour with apomorphine injection and level of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants after transplantation of Human Amniotic Epithelial (HAE) cells in 2,4,5 trihydroxyphenylethylamine (6-OHDA) lesioned striatum in rats.

Results:
Human Amniotic Epithelial (HAE) cells ameliorated 6-OHDA induced changes in rotational behaviour and modulated the antioxidants. 6-OHDA induced neurotoxicity by the generation of free radicals was pronounced by indication of increased Lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels and decrease in antioxidants level. The present result suggest that increased free radicals and the decrease in the antioxidant defence system possibly lead to structural and functional alterations in membrane-related events and play significant role of the 6-OHDA induced neurotoxicity. In HAE cells transplanted animals the level of LPO was significantly reduced in striatum (36%) and moderately reduced (20%) in midbrain of the 6-OHDA lesioned animals.

Conclusion:
These alterations were found to be recovered after the HAE cells graft during long term. The 6-OHDA induced neurotoxicity by the generation of free radicals was pronounced by indication of the increased LPO level, decrease in antioxidants and alteration in the dopamine and its metabolites.
Calculation of set-up margin in frameless stereotactic radiotherapy accounting for translational and rotational patient positing error
Authors: Manikandan Arjunan , Sarkar Biplab , Munshi Anusheel , Krishnankutty Saneg , Ganesh Tharmarnadar , Mohanti Bidhu Kalyan , Manikandan Sujatha , Anirudh Pradhan , Chandrasekharan Surekha 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Context:
Rotation corrected set-up margins in stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT).

Aims:
This study aimed to calculate the rotational positional error corrected set-up margin in frameless SRT.

Settings and Design:
6D setup errors for the steriotactic radiotherapy patients were converted to 3D translational only error mathematically. Setup margins were calculated with and without considering the rotational error and compared.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 79 patients of SRT each received >1 fraction (3–6 fractions) incorporated in this study. Two cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were acquired for each session of treatment, before and after the robotic couch-aided patient position correction using a CBCT. The postpositional correction set-up margin was calculated using the van Herk formula. Further, a planning target volume_R (PTV_R) (with rotational correction) and PTV_NR (without rotational correction) were calculated by applying the rotation corrected and uncorrected set-up margins on the gross tumor volumes (GTVs).

Statistical Analysis Used:
General.

Results:
A total of 380 sessions of pre- (190) and post (190) table positional correction CBCT was analyzed. Posttable position correction mean positional error for lateral, longitudinal, and vertical translational and rotational shifts was (x)-0.01 ± 0.05 cm, (y)-0.02 ± 0.05 cm, (z) 0.00 ± 0.05 cm, and (q) 0.04° ± 0.3°, (F) 0.1° ± 0.4°, (Y) 0.0° ± 0.4°, respectively. The GTV volumes show a range of 0.13 cc–39.56 cc, with a mean volume of 6.35 ± 8.65 cc. Rotational correction incorporated postpositional correction set-up margin the in lateral (x), longitudinal (y) and vertical (z) directions were 0.05 cm, 0.12 cm, and 0.1 cm, respectively. PTV_R ranges from 0.27 cc to 44.7 cc, with a mean volume of 7.7 ± 9.8 cc. PTV_NR ranges from 0.32 cc to 46.0 cc, with a mean volume of 8.1 ± 10.1 cc.

Conclusions:
The postcorrection linear set-up margin matches well with the conventional set-up margin of 1 mm. Beyond a GTV radius of 2 cm, the difference between PTV_NR and PTV_R is ≤2.5%, hence not significant.
The Effect of Motor Imagery on the Excitability of Spinal Segmentary Reflexes in Restless Legs Syndrome Patients
Authors: Yavlal Figen , Kızıltan Meral Erdemir 
Published: May 2022

Context:
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological sleep disorder which causes an overwhelming urge to move the legs. However, this spinal excitability can be decreased through the use some motor movements such as walking or stretching.

Aims:
This study aimed to investigate the effect of motor imagery (MI) on spinal excitability in relation to the H reflex (HR).

Settings and Design:
In this study, 11 patients diagnosed with RLS (3 males and 8 females, mean age: 41.2) and 14 controls (8 males and 7 females, mean age: 38.4) were tested. HR was studied while participants in the supine position were imagining walking and also while imagining both dorsiflexion (DF) and plantar flexion (PF).

Results:
There was significant decrease in the Hmax/Mmax at 90° DF in both groups (p = 0.002, p = 0.001). There was no significant decrease in the RLS group on imagery; however, there was a significant decrease in the control group with movement imagination compared to the resting state (p = 0.021). There was no significant increase in Hmax/Mmax at 135° PF in both groups on movement and imagery. There was a decrease in the ratio on the imagery of walking in the RLS group (p = 0.038), but the same ratio increased in the control group (p = 0.010).

Conclusion:
As motor movements decrease corticospinal excitability in RLS, the imagery of movement mimicking the actmovement can relieve the symptoms of RLS. As a conclusion, further electrophysiological studies can be useful to gauge the effects of MI on spinal excitability in RLS.
Cholecystectomy reduces the severity of subsequent idiopathic acute pancreatitis
Authors: Lei Jing , Xu Feng , Cao Haiyan , Zhou Zhihang , He Song 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common digestive system disease, and its incidence is increasing year by year. Although some clinical studies have indicated that cholecystectomy can reduce the risk of recurrent pancreatitis after acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP), it is not clear whether cholecystectomy would affect the severity of subsequent AP.

Methods:
In this study, we combined computed tomography scoring index (CTSI), bedside index for severity in AP (BISAP), and clinical manifestations grading of AP with propensity score matching (PSM), after correction for baseline confounding factors, to respectively explore the influence of cholecystectomy on the severity of subsequent pancreatitis in 527 AP patients.

Results:
The results showed that ABP (231/527) is more common in female patients and elderly patients (P < 0.001). Age, amylase, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and aspartate aminotransferase levels of patients with ABP at admission were higher than those of non-biliary pancreatitis (296/527), and the levels of albumin, hematocrit, and blood glucose were lower (P < 0.050). Further, compared with the unresected group (458/527), patients after cholecystectomy (69/527) had less white blood cells and higher level of albumin (P < 0.050). Patients had lower clinical manifestation grade (P = 0.019) and CTSI grade (P < 0.008) after cholecystectomy. After PSM correction, there was no difference in biochemical parameters between the cholecystectomy group and the non-cholecystectomy group, but differences in clinical manifestation grade (P = 0.039) and CTSI grade (P = 0.013) remained. We also found that cholecystectomy reduced the frequency of biliary pancreatitis (30.4% vs. 45.9%, P < 0.050). Finally, we found that cholecystectomy could reduce the severity of subsequent idiopathic AP.

Conclusion:
Cholecystectomy could reduce the severity of subsequent idiopathic AP and the frequency of biliary pancreatitis.