bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANÁLISES FÍSICO-QUÍMICAS DOS MÉIS COMERCIALIZADOS NA CENTRAL DE ABASTECIMENTO DO DISTRITO FEDERAL S/A (CEASA) E EM REDES DE SUPERMERCADOS DO DISTRITO FEDERAL
Authors: Prado Maria Divina Rodrigues do , Santos Alyne Tada Ferreira , Freitas Camila Guimarães de 
Published: September 2022

O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi avaliar a qualidade físico-química de méis comercializados no Centro de Abastecimento do Distrito Federal – CEASA, feiras livres e nos supermercados da região. Os parâmetros analisados foram açúcares redutores, teor de umidade, ºBrix, quantidade de hidroximetilfurfural (HMF), acidez total, reação de Fiehe, lugol, reação de Lund e atividade diastásica. De um total de 14 amostras de méis de mesa, 14,28% apresentaram valores adequados para açúcares redutores (acima de 65 g/100g), e 85,72% abaixo do limite esperado para esse parâmetro. As amostras analisadas possuíam o teor de umidade dentro do limite legal (máximo de 20g/100g), sendo que os sólidos solúveis (ºBrix) tiveram como média 82. Os valores de HMF foram adequados em 78,5% das amostras. Para a acidez total, 71,42% das amostras apresentaram-se dentro do permitido. Para as reações qualitativas, 28,5% das amostras apresentaram-se positivas tanto para reação de Fiehe quanto para lugol, e em 21,42% das amostras não possuíam substâncias albuminóides. Das amostras com adulteração em mais de um parâmetro (37,71%), foram realizadas análises de atividade diastásica, sendo que 80% apresentaram-se à margem da legislação e foram predominantemente encontradas em méis comercializados em feiras. Os resultados experimentais das amostras analisadas indicam possível adulteração dos méis pela adição de xaropes de milho ou de frutose comerciais, superaquecimento e possivelmente armazenamento inadequado, tendo sido esses resultados mais frequentes nas amostras oriundas do CEASA e de feiras livres. Nas amostras de supermercados, a principal alteração observada foi um possível envelhecimento de uma das amostras, cujo teor de HMF, que se encontrava acima do padrão legal, além de um possível armazenamento inadequado, posto que o teste de Fiehe foi positivo. Esse estudo é importante para mostrar que a avaliação de alterações físico-químicas dos méis são importantes indicadores de qualidade e da necessidade de treinamento em boas práticas de fabricação e distribuição no setor apícola.
Comprehensive analysis for appraisal of oil and gas potential in the pre-jurassic part of the Ozen-Karamandybas field
Authors: Mankenov K. K. 
Published: September 2022

Questions about the prospects for the oil and gas potential of the Paleozoic sediments of the Mangyshlak sedimentary basin remain open to this day, despite a long history of study and large volumes of research. This is primarily due to the imperfection of previously used prospecting and exploration technologies and the sufficiency of the discovered reserves of discovered deposits in the Mesozoic part of the section. Given the current situation of natural depletion of reserves in the Mesozoic sediments, there is a need to set up prospecting and exploration work in the deep horizons of the Paleozoic.
The article provides general information about the study of the region, and on the basis of the proven facts of oil and gas content of individual areas and the latest drilling results obtained, raised the question of the oil and gas potential of pre-Jurassic deposits.
Obtaining lightweighted cementing materials from local raw materials for cementing wells in corrosion-active environment
Authors: Umraliev Baurzhan T. , Agzamov Farit A. , Taskinbaev Malik Z. , Seitov Aydyngali K. 
Published: September 2022

The study is devoted to the analysis of the current conditions for cementing of deepwells in Western Kazakhstan and the development of the theoretical foundations for obtaining lightweight corrosion-resistant cementing materials using local raw materials.
This paper presents the theoretical justification for reducing the density of grouting materials and increasing the corrosion resistance of the resulting grouting mortars and stone with the addition of natural carbonate materials for the presence of acidic aggressive components (hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide) in the formation fluids. To obtain a homogeneous dense structure of cement stone, disintegration technology is justified.
During the research, both standard and special methods were used to study the properties of grouting materials in a corrosive environment. Processing of experimental data and planning of the experiment was carried out using methods of mathematical statistics.
On a new species of Phyllotheca (P. Sahnii) from the South Rewa Gondwana Basin, Central India, and its comparison with P. Etheridgei from the Newcastle Series, New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Saksena Shivdayal 
Published: September 2022

In Part I of this paper is described the new species Phyllotheca Sahnii based upon a carbonized crust in two counterparts, preserved in a dark grey micaceous shale from a horizon variously interpreted as Barakar or Karharbari in the South Rewa Gondwana basin, Central India (N. K. N. Aiyengar collection, Geological Survey of India, specimen No. K 25/522).
In Part II the closely allied form Phyllotheca Etheridgei Arber, from the Newcastle series, New South Wales, is described and figured in some detail on the basis of the type material received from the Australian Museum, Sydney, and Sedgwick Museum, Cambridge. A comparison of the two forms shows that although closely allied, they are two distinct species of the genus.
Vannus gondwanensis, a new Gangamopteris fructification from the Transvaal, South Africa
Authors: Plumstead Edna P. 
Published: September 2022

A seventh distinctive type of Permo-Carboniferous fructification of the class Glossopteridae is described. The interpretation and affinities of Vanuus- the Fan type, are discussed. The fructification is almost certainly generically, and possibly specifically identical with a fossil plant originally described by Zeiller from the Karharbari beds of India as Schizoneura wardi. One of the new specimens has been found in an axillary position of growth on a leaf identified as Gangamopteris cf. clarkeana Feistmantel, a species recorded formerly only from Australia and Tasmania. This fossil plant provides a further example of the unusual fructifications of this southern class of plants and, through its relationships, demonstrates once more the close affinity which existed between the floras of component parts of Gondwanaland, at that time.
In addition, the fructification exhibits a certain resemblance to Vojnovskya paradoxa Neiburg, a lower Permian species from the Angara floral province. The significance of a possible relationship is discussed.
Spore and pollen assemblages of the Upper Cretaceous Hakobuchi group in Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Takahashi Kiyoshi 
Published: September 2022

Many spores and pollen of the Upper Cretaceous Hakobuchi group (Campanian and Maestrichtian) in Hokkaido are reported. The range of their appearance and the biostratigraphic classification are illustrated in the text-figure.
The geographic distribution of Schizosporis, Phyllocladidites, and Aquilapollenites is discussed in comparison with the spore and pollen assemblages of the circum-pacific regions. Aquilapollenites seems to play an important role in the correlation of the Upper Cretaceous deposits in the circum-pacific areas including Siberia of north of 40N. Lat.at least.
The growth habit of Lepidodendron serratum Felix
Authors: Baxter R.W. 
Published: September 2022

The question as to whether all of the species of the paleozoic genus, Lepidodendrom, were arborescent with secondary growth or whether some of them may have been of vine or semi-herbaceous habit with only primary tissues, has been investigated by observation of over 200 specimens of Lepidodendron serratum Felix.
None of the over 200 specimens (many of which reached an apparent maximum diameter of 10 cm) exhibited any form of secondary growth either vascular or periderm. In addition, one specimen showed a distinctive asymmetrical form, with the stele occupying a marginal position and all of the leaf traces leading to leaf bases localized on the side of the stem opposite the stele. This type of anatomy is directly comparable to that found in the stems of many living lianas and along with the strong evidence for lack of secondary growth seems to indicate that L. serratum was a "lax, flexuose" plant as originally postulated by Felix.
On the Karharbari age of coal-measures of Ray-Bachra area, North Karanpura coalfield
Authors: Pareek H.S. 
Published: September 2022

In the south-eastern portion of the North Karanpura coalfield, Bihar, two coal seams, known as Ray seams in Ray (23º40': 85º4') and Bachra seams in Bachra (23º41'19": 85º5'17") areas, occur in Lower Gondwana coal-measures that comprise a maximum thickness of 140 metres. Coal petrography has established that Bachra seams are the eastward extension of Ray seams. while some workers have described them as Barakars, others have regarded them as Karharbaris.
The author examined their geology, field relations of coal seams, borehole logs of Bachra area, and petrography of Ray and Bachra seams in detail, and studied the available palaeobotanical and palynological data. This paper presents conclusive evidences of their being of Karharbari age.
Sporological Correlation of Coalseams in Bachra area of north Karanpura Coalfield, Bihar, India
Authors: Bharadwaj D.C. , Tiwari R.S. 
Published: September 2022

18 m. channel samples of coal from eight bore holes in Bachra area of N. Karanpura Coalfield have been sporologically investigated. The mioflora of these coals exhibits dominance by an association of Lophotriletes, Latosporites, Faunipollenites and Salcatisporites. Miofloristically the samples segregate into two coal seams. Both seams are variously split during their lateral extent.
Distribution of the ferns of the family Gleicheniaceae in the past
Authors: Bolchovitina M.A. 
Published: September 2022

The distribution of the family Gleicheniaceae was studied first of all according to the data concerning the findings of spores and of the fossil leaves. The ancestors of these ferns (Oligocarpia) appeared in the Carboniferous of Europe, North America and China.
During Triassic they were distributed in USA, Switzerland; in the Late Triassic of the USSR. The remnants of Gleicheniaceae were found sporadically in Jurassic beds of the East Greenland, Sweden, Italy, the USSR, India (Rajmahal series), Japan and USA.
During the Early Cretaceous Gleicheniaceae got an enormous distribution throughout the earth's surface. Their abundant remnants especially their spores were found in many localities of Eurasia, North America and Australia and it is with this time that coincide the greatest polymorphism of the family.
During the Late Cretaceous the remnants of these ferns mainly their spores are found in Europe, U.S.A. and the U.S.S.R.
The prevalent distribution of Gleicheniaceae in Eurasia during Jurassic and Cretaceous falls on the Indian-European paleofloristic area comprising the belt of subtropical and tropical climate.
With the advent of Paleogene, the areal of Gleicheniaceae was greatly reduced in the Northern hemisphere and it begins to acquire a modern shape. The remnants of Gleicheniaceae of that time are presented mainly by rare findings of spores in Eurasia and North America.
The genus Ptilophyllum in India
Authors: Bose M.N. , Kasat M.L. 
Published: September 2022

The present study is based on all the Indian specimens of Ptilophyllum Morris described since 1840 and new specimens collected during the last 20 years. The different species have been grouped under the headings "Impressions", "Incrustations" and "Petrifactions ". Under impressions four species, viz. P. acutifolium Morris (1840), P. cutchense Morris (1840), P. rarinervis (Feistmantel) n. comb. and P. tenerrimum Feistmantel (1877) have been included. All these four species are based on external characters alone. Eight species based on cuticular structure have been described under incrustations. These are P. oldhamii Jacob & Jacob (1954), P. indicum Jacob & Jacob (1954), P. honidum Roy (1963), P. sakrigaliensis Sah (1958), P. distans (Feistmantel) Jacob & Jacob (1954), P. institacallum Bose (1959), P. jabalpurense Jacob & Jacob (1954) and P. gladiatum Bose & Sukh Dev (1958). The remaining species, i.e. P. amarjolense Bose (1953), P. sahnii Gupta & Sharma (1968) and P. nipanica Vishnu-Mittre (1957) are preserved in the form of petrifactions. In these three species, besides the surface characters, the anatomy of the fronds has been studied in detail.
Chitaleypushpam mohgaoense gen. et sp. nov. from the Deccan intertrappean beds of India
Authors: Paradkar S.A. 
Published: September 2022

The paper describes the structure of a new fossil flower preserved in black chert from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of India exposed at Mohgaonkalan. It is 3.5 mm. long and 2.5 mm. broad at the tip and is hermaphrodite, stalked, bracteolate, with one whorl of tubular, valvate perianth, oval in T.S. The lobes of perianth are free only at the tip and not gibbous at the base. The androecium is of seven stamens, not connate, epiphyllous with dorsifixed anthers. Pollen is present in situ, each grain being 18-20 X 12-15 µ, tricolporate, psilate, subprolate, ora ± circular. The gynoecium is superior, not stipitate, ovary five angular, five locular, with axile placentation. Style is short, not differentiated from the simple stigma.
This is the third record of a petrified flower from this famous locality of Mohgaonkalan from where Sahnianthus parijai Shukla and Sahnipushpam shuklai Verma, syn. Sahnipushpam glandulosum Prakash, have been described. The present specimen is compared with these and as the differences are many it is named as Chitaleypushpam mohgaoense gen. et sp. nov. Affinities of the flower are discussed.
Palynology in biostratigraphy and palaeoecology of Indian Lower Gondwana formations
Authors: Bharadwaj D.C. 
Published: September 2022

A critical synthesis of the new palynological data from sequences out of six boreholes through the Lower Gondwana Formations in India has enabled palynostratigraphic and palaeoclimatic conclusions of significance viz.,
(1) The Lower Gondwana sedimentation commenced with a glaciation followed by another glacial phase, interpolated with a short interglacial. The older glacial phase constitutes the Talchir Stage, the interglacial represents older Karharbari and the younger glacial phase occurred dur.ing deposition of younger Karharbari Fm followed by a long interglacial encompassing the Barakar, Ironstone Shale and Raniganj Fms. It has been found that homotaxial deposits of the later glacial phase differed in their lithological, palaeobotanical and to some extent palynological characteristics due to differences in their proximity to centres of glaciation.
(2) In the younger part of the sequence, the Panchet Fm appears to have commenced with another cooler phase presumably due to another minor glaciation.
(3) Immediately following the glacial phases, the interglacial commenced with humid climate which gradually or quickly declined.
Studies in the Talchir flora of India - 10. Early and Late Talchir microfloras from the west Bokaro coalfield, Bihar
Authors: Lele K.M. 
Published: September 2022

Two miofloral assemblages - one from the base and the other from the top of the Talchir Formation - are described from a single sequence in the Dudhi River, West Bokaro Coalfield. The impoverished nature of the early Talchir assemblage is reflected by very limited number and variety of taxa (8 genera & 14 species) - chiefly Parasaccites, Plicatipollenites and Potonieisporites and some apiculate triletes. Disaccates - especially Striatiti - are strikingly absent. Leiosphaeridia and spicule-like microfossils are significantly associated.
The late Talchir mioflora, on the contrary demonstrates distinct improvement both in diversity and quantity of miospores (14 genera & 29 species). Besides the stronghold of Parasaccites, Plicatipollenites and Potonieisporites, several genera make new appearance, viz., Jayantisporites, Tuberisaccites, Caheniasaccites, Limitisporites and especially all the striate disaccates like Crescentipollenites, Faunipollenites and Striatoparvisaccites gen. nov. A number of species are apparently represented only in the late Talchir. Leiosphaeridia are rare and spicule- like bodies are absent.
In the light of the present study, and from an assessment of the better known Talchir miofloras, it is suggested that not one but two miofloral assemblages of early and late Talchir age respectively - are evident in the Talchir Formation.
Late Palaeozoic and Triassic floras of India and their relation to the floras of Northern and Southern Hemisphere
Authors: Lele K.M. 
Published: September 2022

The development, composition and phytogeographical distribution of the northern and southern hemisphere floras horn the Carboniferous to the Triassic times is critically reviewed in the light of more recent knowledge and with particular reference to India and other Gondwana countries. The Lower Carboniferous floras of Gondwanaland, and especially of India, are much impoverished in contrast to the Euramerian Lepidodendropsis flora. It seems more reasonable that the southern flora evolved from pre-existing Devonian stocks on ice-free areas of Gondwanaland whereas the Glossopteris flora arose under the impact of Carbo-Permian glaciation. Most of the so-called Euramerian elements in the Glossopteris flora (e.g. ferns, lycopods) may well be of southern nativity. Several of them are now proved to be distinct; the remaining few, obviously, warrant critical study.
The Gondwana, Angara, Euramerian and Cathaysian floras and their respective palaeoenvironments had attained sharp geobotanical distinction in the Permian. Floral migration or contact between them across the Tethys is discussed. Particular attention is drawn to the phytogeographic significance of the Kashmir site (Gangamopteris beds) in the light of its geotectonic background and the recent findings of several extra-Gondwana (Cathaysian/Angara?) plants. The Kashmir site is here referred to Vakhrameev's " Middle Asiatic floras of uncertain affinity" which also includes the Hazro locality of Turkey. The Middle Asiatic region needs extensive palaeobotanical exploration to understand the nature of the maritime (Tethyan) floras of the various Permian geobotanical provinces.
During the Triassic, the floral picture of the northern hemisphere became almost cosmopolitan following the withdrawl of previous physico-geographic barriers. The southern hemisphere (Gondwana) floras also tended to become more harmonious but their essential distinctiveness was still maintained by the characteristic prevalence of the Dicroidium flora.
Additional dinoflagellates and acritarchs from grey shale member of Dalmiapuram formation, South India
Authors: Jain K.P. 
Published: September 2022

The present communication is a continuation of two previous reports published by Jain and Subba-raman (1969) and Jain and Taugourdeau-Lantz (1973). Additional palaeophytoplankton taxa described from the present material, alongwith the known ones project a complete picture of dinoflagellate and acritarch assemblage from the Grey Shale Member of Dalmiapuram Formation, South India. Fluctuations in the environment of deposition within the exposed section have been indicated.
The present microplankton assemblage includes 38 genera and 59 distinct species, out of these 13 species are new. The Grey Shale Member has been assigned an Early Albian age.
Upper Palaeozoic flora of Kashmir Himalaya
Authors: Singh G. , Maithy P.K. , Bose M.N. 
Published: September 2022

The paper deals with plant fossils collected from the Upper Palaeozoic rocks of Kashmir Himalaya ranging in age from Upper Devonian to Permian. The distribution of plants, so far collected in the various formations, is as follows:
Aishmuqam Formation (Upper Devonian)- ?Taeniocrada sp. and ?Protolepidodendron sp.
Syringothyris Limestone and Fenestella Shale formations (Lower Carboniferous)- Archaeosigillaria minuta Lejal, Lepidosigillaria cf. quadrata Danze-Corsin, Lepidodendropsis cf. peruviana (Gothan) Jongmans, L. fenestrata Jongmans, Cyclostigma cf. pacifica (Steinmann) Jongmans, Rhacopteris ovata (McCoy) Walkom, Triphyllopteris lecuriana (Meek) Jongmans, Rhodea cf. subpetiolata (Potonie) Gothan and Palmatopteris cf. furcata Potonie.
Nishatbagh and Mamal formations (Lower Permian)-(a) Nishatbagh Formation-Gangamopteris kashmirensis Seward, Glossopteris longicaulis Feistmantel, G. nishatbaghensis sp. nov. and ?Nummulospermum sp. (b) Mamal Formation - Parasphenophyllum thonii var. minor (Sterzel) Asama, Trizygia speciosa Royle, Lobatannularia ensifolia Halle, Rajahia mamalensis sp. nov., Glossopteris intermittens Feistmantel, G. cf. communis Feistmantel, G. cf. feistmantelii Rigby, G. cf. taeniopteroides Feistmantel, G. angustifolia Brongniart, Glossopteris sp., ?Cordaites sp., Ginkgophyllum haydenii (Seward) Maithy, G. sahnii (Ganju) Maithy and a cone-like organ.
In the Upper Devonian the plant fossils are extremely rare and very badly preserved. The Lower Carboniferous flora shows a remarkable resemblance with the assemblage described from Peru and is in general agreement with the rest of the Lower Carboniferous floras known from other parts of the world. The Permian flora has two distinct elements, one present in the Nishatbagh Formation and the other in the Mamal Formation. The former is dominated by the presence of Gangamopteris, whereas, the latter is dominated by Glossopteris. Moreover, at Mamal there are two genera, viz., Lobatannularia and Rajahia which are typically Cathaysian elements. Some of the species of Glossopteris, too, seem to be distinct from all the species of Glossopteris reported from the Lower Gondwana of Peninsular India.
Triassic plant Megafossils from the Tiki Formation, South Rewa Gondwana Basin, India
Authors: Pal P.K. 
Published: September 2022

Plant megafossils are for the first time described from the Tiki Formation. The specimens are from two regions, Janar River Section, near Harai and Son River Section, near Giar, Shahdol District, Madhya Pradesh.
From the Janar River Section Lepidopteris madagascariensis Carpentier, Dicroidium hughesii (Feistmantel) Gothan, D. zuberi (Szajnocha) Archangelsky, D. sp., Xylopteris sp., Sphenobaiera janarensis Pal sp. nov. and Baiera sp. have been described. On the basis of this assemblage an Early Upper Triassic age has been suggested for Janar River beds.
Son River Section, near Giar has yielded Lepidopteris strombergensis (Seward) Townrow, Dicroidium giarensis Pal sp. nov., D. coriaceum (Johnston) Townrow, D. zuberi (Szajnocha) Archangelsky, D. sp. cf. D. odontopteroides (Morris) Gothan, Elatocladus denticulatus Pal sp. nov., E. raoi Pal sp. nov., Pagiophyllum bosei Pal sp. nov., Yabiella indica Pal sp. nov. and Desmiophyllum singhii Pal sp. nov. Beside these, a few impressions of equisetaceous stem, leaf-sheath and nodal diaphragm have also been described. A Late Upper Triassic age has been proposed for the beds exposed in the Son River.
Evolutionary trends in the reproductive biology of angiosperms
Authors: Johri B. M. 
Published: September 2022

Which embryologic characters are primitive, and which are advanced, has long been a controversial issue? The comparative embryology of angiosperms and gymnosperms does not provide any useful clue. Single embryological characters are not as useful for phylogenetic and evolutionary considerations as are a group of characters. Moreover, some of the characters may be merely adaptive without any evolutionary significance. The numerous variations cause further complication.
This article is devoted to (a) distribution and phylogeny of anther tapetum, (b) affinities of megagametophyte, (c) can the angiosperm embryo sac be derived from the archegonium in gymnosperms?, (d) primitive and advanced embryological features, and (e) embryological features in Magnoliiflorae s.1. and certain Liliiflorae.