bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among resettled refugees presenting to a family medicine clinic in the United States
Authors: Saif Nadia , Jensen Nicole , Farrar Elizabeth , Blackstone Sarah , Hauck Fern R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough endemic to much of the global population, few studies have examined Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in US refugee populations. This study investigates the prevalence of H. pylori infection and barriers to treatment in the International Family Medicine Clinic (IFMC), a primary care refugee clinic, in central Virginia.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a chart review of 188 refugee patients of the IFMC who were referred for an H. pylori test between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020. Recorded measures included patient demographics, H. pylori test result, treatment of initial infection, completion of test of cure (TOC), TOC results, salvage therapy, and barriers to treatment. Binary logistic regression was performed to examine the association between demographic factors and H. pylori test results.ResultsOf the 171 patients who completed an H. pylori test, 94 tested positive (54.9%). Of the 93 patients that were subsequently treated, 76 were treated with clarithromycin triple therapy (82%). Forty‐eight patients (52%) completed a TOC after completing treatment, and 21 (43%) of these patients remained positive, indicating persistent infection. Eighteen patients (90%) who remained positive for H. pylori were subsequently treated with quadruple therapy. Patients under 18 (OR = 0.25, p < 0.01) and patients with a history of previous H. pylori (OR = 0.44, p < 0.05) were less likely to have positive results on initial H. pylori testing. Common barriers to treatment included pregnancy, religious observance (e.g., fasting), and health system complications (e.g., prior authorization for medications, cost of treatment).ConclusionsThe prevalence of H. pylori among refugees at the IFMC was higher than the overall prevalence estimate for the United States, which is consistent with previous studies. This work represents an updated picture of H. pylori prevalence among refugees in the United States and contributes to the identification of treatment barriers.
Identification of filigree pattern increases the diagnostic accuracy of micropapillary pattern on frozen section for lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhao Shengnan , Xie Huikang , Su Hang , Xu Long , Hu Xuefei , Zhao Deping , Zhu Erjia , Xie Xiaofeng , Zhang Liping , Hou Likun , Zhang Wei , Wu Chunyan , Chen Chang ,   Surgical Thoracic Alliance of Rising Star Group
Published: April 2022

AimsThe presence of micropapillary (MIP) in early‐stage lung adenocarcinoma is associated with a poorer prognosis, especially in patients undergoing sublobectomy. However, data on the sensitivity of frozen section (FS) evaluation of MIP is still limited. We included the concept of a filigree pattern on FS to assess its effect on the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of MIP, and to verify its prognostic value in stage T1 lung adenocarcinoma.MethodsA panel of five pathologists evaluated 125 patients with T1 lung adenocarcinoma from January to February 2014 as a study cohort, and 151 patients from January to February 2020 as a validation cohort. The diagnostic accuracy of the filigree and classical micropapillary (cMIP) pattern on FS was investigated.ResultsThe diagnostic sensitivity of the MIP pattern on FS increased from 43.2% to 65.3% and 56.8% to 81.1% in the study cohort and validation cohort, respectively, and both with good specificity. Filigree not only increased the sensitivity of identifying MIP when there was an absence of cMIP, but also increased the sensitivity when the presence of a minor amount of cMIP. The almost perfect agreement among five pathologists was reached on cMIP and substantial agreement was reached on the filigree in the two cohorts. Moreover, the cMIP and filigree were both correlated with poorer recurrence‐free survival (pcMIP = 0.003; pfiligree = 0.032) and overall survival (pcMIP = 0.004; pfiligree = 0.005).ConclusionsThe identification of a filigree may improve the diagnostic sensitivity of the MIP pattern on FS. FS was feasible for the detection of filigree and cMIP patterns in stage T1 lung adenocarcinomas.
Longevity of stainless steel crowns as interim restorations on young permanent first molars that have undergone vital pulp therapy treatment in children and factors associated with their treatment failure: A retrospective study of up to 8.5 years
Authors: Chaipattanawan Nattakan , Chompu‐inwai Papimon , Nirunsittirat Areerat , Phinyo Phichayut , Manmontri Chanika 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough stainless steel crowns (SSCs) on permanent molars are a common interim full‐coverage restoration, there are few clinical studies on longevity.AimTo evaluate the longevity of SSCs as restorations on young permanent first molars (PFMs) that have undergone vital pulp therapy (VPT) treatment and to identify factors associated with SSC treatment failure.DesignThis study conducted a retrospective chart review of children who had PFMs that have undergone VPT treatment and been restored with SSCs. Data from treatment and follow‐up visits were collected. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to analyse the longevity of SSCs. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify factors associated with SSC treatment failure.ResultsData from 140 SSCs were included, with an average follow‐up period of 33.5 ± 21.6 (range, 6–104) months. Although none of the teeth had pulpal failure, 35.7% had SSC treatment failure. The survival probabilities of SSCs declined over time, reaching 39.6% (95% CI 27.0–51.9) after 60 months. The immediate post‐operative condition of SSCs and the loss of proximal wall on the abutment tooth were significant factors associated with SSC treatment failure.ConclusionStainless steel crowns are suitable for use as interim restorations in PFMs that have undergone VPT treatment in children, but their longevity is limited, necessitating replacement over time.
Determination of respiratory syncytial virus epidemic seasons by using 95% confidence interval of positivity rates, 2011–2021, Germany
Authors: Cai Wei , Dürrwald Ralf , Biere Barbara , Schweiger Brunhilde , Haas Walter , Wolff Thorsten , Buda Silke , Reiche Janine 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBased on our national outpatient sentinel surveillance, we have developed a novel approach to determine respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemic seasons in Germany by using RSV positivity rate and its lower limit of 95% confidence interval. This method was evaluated retrospectively on nine RSV seasons, and it is also well‐suited to describe off‐season circulation of RSV in near real time as observed for seasons 2020/21 and 2021/22 during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Prospective application is of crucial importance to enable timely actions for health service delivery and prevention.
Discrimination of Euglena gracilis strains Z and bacillaris by MALDI-TOF MS
Authors: Lukáčová Alexandra , Beck Terézia , Trnková Katarína , Trniková Miriam , Krajčovič Juraj , Vesteg Matej 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Aims
Euglena gracilis is used as model organism for various microbiological, molecular biological and biotechnological studies. Its most studied wild-type strains are Z and bacillaris, but their discrimination by standard molecular methods is difficult. Therefore, we decided to test the suitability of MALDI-TOF MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry) for identification of E. gracilis and for discrimination of these two strains possessing functional chloroplasts. MALDI-TOF MS profiling was also tested for two white (non-photosynthetic) stable E. gracilis mutant strains WgmZOflL and W10BSmL.

Methods and results
We have successfully obtained main spectrum profiles (MSPs) of E. gracilis strains Z, SAG 1224–5/25 and bacillaris, SAG 1224–5/15 using protein extraction procedure. Subsequent MALDI-TOF MS profiling of a number of tested samples and the comparison of the obtained protein profiles with our in-house database including MSPs of both strains have revealed that these two strains can be easily distinguished by MALDI-TOF MS based on score values over two in most cases. This method has also confirmed the ancestry of white mutant strains WgmZOflL and W10BSmL, originally derived from strains Z and bacillaris, respectively.

Conclusions
MALDI-TOF MS is suitable, accurate and rapid method for discrimination of E. gracilis strains.

Significance and Impact of the Study
These results can have broad practical implications for laboratories cultivating various strains of euglenids, and they can be applied for their discrimination by MALDI-TOF MS.
Integrated Pulmonary Index during nurse‐administered procedural sedation: Study protocol for a cluster‐randomized trial
Authors: Conway Aaron , Chang Kristina , Goudarzi Rad Mohammad , Mafeld Sebastian , Parotto Matteo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo determine if smart alarm‐guided treatment of respiratory depression using the Integrated Pulmonary Index is an effective way to implement capnography during nurse‐administered sedation.DesignParallel cluster‐randomized trial.MethodsNurses will be randomized to use capnography with or without the Integrated Pulmonary Index enabled. Capnography alarm performance will be compared between nurses using capnography alone or with the Integrated Pulmonary Index enabled. The target sample size is 400 adult patients scheduled for elective procedures with nurse‐administered sedation. The primary outcome is the number of seconds in an alert condition state without an intervention being applied. Secondary outcomes are alarm burden, number of appropriate alarms, number of inappropriate alarms, total duration of alert conditions, choice of alarm settings and adverse sedation events. This study has been funded since April 2021.DiscussionImplementing capnography into practice for respiratory monitoring during nurse‐administered sedation is considered a high priority. The Integrated Pulmonary Index shows promise as a strategy to optimize the implementation of capnography for respiratory monitoring during nurse‐administered sedation. If it is found in this study that using the Integrated Pulmonary Index improves the nursing management of physiologically abnormal states during nurse‐administered sedation, it would provide the high‐level evidence needed to support broader use of this ‘smart alarm’ strategy for respiratory monitoring in practice.ImpactWith advances in medical technology continuing to expand the indications for minimally invasive surgical techniques, the use of nurse‐administered sedation during medical procedures is likely to expand in the future. The findings may be applied to other populations receiving nurse‐administered sedation during medical procedures. Results from this study will help translate the usage of smart alarm‐guided treatment of respiratory depression during procedural sedation.Trial registrationNCT05068700.
Social capital and managerial opportunism: Evidence from option backdating
Authors: Gupta Atul , Minnick Kristina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSocial capital potentially influences corporate outcomes by reducing the likelihood of managerial self‐serving behavior. This expectation follows from the likelihood that the consequences of self‐serving behavior are severe for firms in high‐social‐capital areas. Thus, we employ a sample of firms that backdated option grants to examine these propositions. Accordingly, we find a negative and significant relation between social capital and the probability and magnitude of backdating. Furthermore, we find a positive and significant relation between social capital and likelihood, as well as between the speed of the termination of senior executives and board members following option backdating. Notably, we find evidence for the notion that community norms can influence corporate behavior by creating an environment where self‐serving or bad behavior has severe consequences.
Anti‐spike IgG antibody kinetics following the second and third doses of BNT162b2 vaccine in nursing home residents
Authors: Jeulin Helene , Labat Carlos , Duarte Kevin , Toupance Simon , Nadin Gregoire , Craus Denis , Georgiopoulos Ioannis , Gantois Isabelle , Goehringer François , Benetos Athanase 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuration of post‐vaccination protection against COVID‐19 in nursing home (NH) residents is a critical issue. The objective of this study was to estimate the duration of the IgG(S) response to the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine in NH residents with (COV‐Yes) or without (COV‐No) history of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.MethodsA 574 COV‐Yes and COV‐No NH residents were included in 2 cohorts: Main (n = 115, median age 87 years) or Confirmatory (n = 459, median age 89 years). IgG(S) quantification was carried out at three different time points following the BNT162b2 vaccine: three (1st) and seven (2nd) months after the 2nd dose, and 1 month after the 3rd dose (3rd quantification) in the Main cohort, and twice (2nd and 3rd) in the Confirmatory cohort. The seroneutralization capacity according to COVID‐19 history was also measured in a subgroup of patients.ResultsNeutralization capacity was strongly correlated with IgG(S) levels (R2:76%) without any difference between COV‐Yes and COV‐No groups for the same levels of IgG(S). After the 2nd dose, duration of the assumed robust protection (IgG(S) >264 BAU/ml) was two‐fold higher in the COV‐Yes vs. COV‐No group: 12.60 (10.69–14.44) versus 5.76 (3.91–8.64) months, with this advantage mainly due to the higher IgG(S) titers after the 2nd dose and secondary to a slower decay over time. After the 3rd dose, duration of robust protection was estimated at 11.87 (9.88–14.87) (COV‐Yes) and 8.95 (6.85–11.04) (COV‐No) months. These results were similar in both cohorts.Conclusions and RelevanceIn old subjects living in NH, history of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection provides a clear advantage in the magnitude and duration of high IgG(S) titers following the 2nd dose. Importantly, the 3rd dose induces a much more pronounced IgG(S) response than the 2nd dose in COV‐No subjects, the effect of which should be able to ensure a prolonged protection against severe forms of COVID‐19 in these subjects.
An in planta haploid induction system in Brassica napus
Authors: Li Yifan , Li Dan , Xiao Qing , Wang Huadong , Wen Jing , Tu Jinxing , Shen Jinxiong , Fu Tingdong , Yi Bin 
Published: April 2022

SummaryDoubled haploid technology is widely used to accelerate plant breeding, but its use in the important oilseed crop Brassica napus L. is limited because B. napus haploids could only be obtained through in vitro anther or microspore cultures. Recently, maize (Zea mays) lines containing mutations in Domain of unknown function 679 membrane protein (DMP) were used as haploid inducer lines. This new haploid induction mechanism has been extended to several other plants, including the dicots Arabidopsis thaliana, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Here, we knocked out four BnaDMP genes in the B. napus cultivar Westar using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 vector with an enhanced green fluorescent protein expression cassette. Plants with DMP mutations in B. napus in the T0, T1, and T2 generations exhibited a haploid induction rate up to 2.53%. These results suggest that targeting BnaDMP could be useful for haploid induction in B. napus.
DEAP1 encodes a fasciclin‐like arabinogalactan protein required for male fertility in rice
Authors: Zhou Dan , Zou Ting , Zhang Kaixuan , Xiong Pingping , Zhou Fuxing , Chen Hao , Li Gongwen , Zheng Kaiyou , Han Yuhao , Peng Kun , Zhang Xu , Yang Shangyu , Deng Qiming , Wang Shiquan , Zhu Jun , Liang Yueyang , Sun Changhui , Yu Xiumei , Liu Huainian , Wang Lingxia , Li Ping , Li Shuangcheng 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTArabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are widely distributed in plant cells. Fasciclin‐like AGPs (FLAs) belong to a subclass of AGPs that play important roles in plant growth and development. However, little is known about the biological functions of rice FLA. Herein, we report the identification of a male‐sterile mutant of DEFECTIVE EXINE AND APERTURE PATTERNING1 (DEAP1) in rice. The deap1 mutant anthers produced aberrant pollen grains with defective exine formation and a flattened aperture annulus and exhibited slightly delayed tapetum degradation. DEAP1 encodes a plasma membrane‐associated member of group III plant FLAs and is specifically and temporally expressed in reproductive cells and the tapetum layer during male development. Gene expression studies revealed reduced transcript accumulation of genes related to exine formation, aperture patterning, and tapetum development in deap1 mutants. Moreover, DEAP1 may interact with two rice D6 PROTEIN KINASE‐LIKE3s (OsD6PKL3s), homologs of a known Arabidopsis aperture protein, to affect rice pollen aperture development. Our findings suggested that DEAP1 is involved in male reproductive development and may affect exine formation and aperture patterning, thereby providing new insights into the molecular functions of plant FLAs in male fertility.
Design and development of naringin‐loaded proposomal gel for wound healing
Authors: Kumari Shifali D. , Chevala Naga Thirumalesh , Jitta Srinivas Reddy , Kumar Lalit , Verma Ruchi , Jose Jobin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe injuries or wounds caused by various means will impact human lives severely. An increase in the demand for wounds or burns was observed. For better wound healing and to combat the free radical effect on the healing process, wounds must be treated with multifunctional or multipurpose dressing or gel or any other type of biomaterial.ObjectivesThe study aimed to develop, optimize, and evaluate the naringin‐loaded proposomal gel (PPG) for quick wound healing.MethodsThe central composite design was employed for the optimization of proposomes. Naringin‐loaded proposomes were evaluated for percentage entrapment efficiency (EE), the particle size of proposomes (PsP), and the zeta potential of proposomes (ZpP). The change in drug release profile was studied by dissolution. Furthermore, naringin and naringin‐loaded proposomes, antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) reagent and ascorbic acid as a reference standard. Different gel bases were prepared, and based on various parameters, the G2 (0.6% Carbopol 974) gel base was selected for naringin proposomes loading. The naringin‐loaded PPG was evaluated for various in vitro and in vivo wound‐healing properties.ResultsThe optimized naringin‐loaded proposomes showed extended drug release (90.78 ± 2.19%) for 72 h. The naringin‐loaded PPG improved the permeability of naringin, which showed 28.91 ± 2.81% of drug release after 96 h, and the drug solution showed 9.05 ± 0.92%. IC50 values of antioxidant activity of naringin and naringin proposomes were found to be 337.31 μg/ml and 201.86 μg/ml, respectively. The naringin‐loaded PPG showed better wound closure on the 15th day (3.32%) compared with proposomal solution (4.75%) or naringin topical gel (4.2%).ConclusionBased on the obtained results, we conclude naringin‐loaded PPG can be an alternative strategic approach to deliver the naringin for quick wound healing.
Glass particulate adulterated in single dose ampoules: A patient safety concern
Authors: Unahalekhaka Akeau , Nuthong Pornpot 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesTo determine the amount, size and characteristics of glass particulate contamination inside single‐dose ampoules.BackgroundGlass particulate contamination in an ampoule when opened can cause adverse effects on critically ill patients.DesignCrossectional descriptive study.MethodsEight hundred 10‐ml sterile water ampoules were inspected for glass particulate contamination upon opening. Ampoules were opened by nurses following their usual practices. Glass particulates were inspected by stereomicroscope. Further examination was conducted using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to determine the size and amount of the particulates in the 20 positive and 20 negative samples from stereomicroscope inspection. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist was used for preparing this manuscript.ResultsSeven hundred and ninety‐eight ampoules were inspected, as 2 ampoules were broken. Glass particulates were detected in 65% of the ampoules (519/798). The size of glass particulates from 20 positive and 20 negative samples, ranged from 8 to 172 microns and 8 to 102 microns, respectively. The glass particulates were detected most at sized ≤ 50 microns in both positive and negative samples with the mean number of 47.8 ± 20.4 and 27.8 ± 21.8 particulates, respectively.ConclusionGlass particulate contamination occurred while opening medication in glass ampoules. A safety tool is needed to prevent glass particulates from contaminating injection treatments.Relevance to clinical practiceMany critically ill patients and neonates need intravenous injections for treatment. Almost all medication solutions are stored in glass ampoules. Nursing personnel should be aware while drawing medication solutions from glass ampoules. Using filtered needles and leaning the ampoules can help reduce the number of glass particulates that pass into the solutions being drawn into the syringes.
Can children use the A‐not a test?
Authors: Velázquez Ana Laura , Vidal Leticia , Varela Paula , Ares Gastón 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSensory scientists have adapted several sensory methods to fit children's cognitive abilities. Although several discrimination methods have been reported with children, the A‐not‐A test has not been studied yet. The aims of this work were to: (i) evaluate the feasibility of using the A‐Not‐A test with school‐aged children, and (ii) compare how the framing of the question (overall differences vs. differences in liking) may influence the results. A total of 126 children were involved in the study. They participated in three sessions, each composed of a familiarization task with a visual stimuli and sample tasting with one of three dairy products (vanilla milk desserts, chocolate‐flavored milk, and vanilla‐flavored yogurt). Half of the children evaluated the samples in terms of overall differences and the other half in terms of differences in liking. Results from the familiarization step showed that children correctly identified the visual reference in the A‐not‐A test regardless of how the question was framed, suggesting that they were able to understand the methodology. In the case of tasting samples, children were significantly more likely to correctly identify the reference in two of the three studied dairy products, when the question was based on liking, as compared to the framing based on overall differences.Practical ApplicationsResults from the present work showed that 8–13 year‐old children were able to understand the A‐Not‐A test and use it to differentiate visual stimuli and tasted samples. However, the framing of the task had a significant effect on their performance. Framing the A‐not‐A task based on liking may show a higher ability to discriminate samples and provide more accurate results.