bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Cross-Sectional Geometry on Hydrothermal Behavior of Microchannel Heat Sink
Authors: Ahmad Faraz , Ahmed Fawad , Ali Husan , Rehman Zabdur , Suleman Muhammad , Raouf Izaz 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to numerically analyze the hydrothermal behavior of different cross-sectional geometries of microchannel heat sinks (MCHSs) and conduct a comparative analysis of traditional and non-traditional designs using ANSYS Fluent. It is expected that the proposed design discussed in this paper will improve the performance of MCHSs by maximizing the cooling capability and minimizing the thermal resistance and entropy generation rate, thus leading to better energy efficiency. The channel designs include a rectangular microchannel (RMC), a circular microchannel (CMC), an elliptical microchannel (EMC), a trapezoidal microchannel (TMC), a hexagonal microchannel (HMC), and a new microchannel (NMC) which has a plus-like shape. The discussed geometry of the NMC is designed in such a way that it maximizes the cross-sectional area and the wetted perimeter of the channel, keeping the hydraulic diameter constant (

D

h

=
412

{D_{h}}=412

µm). The performance of various channels is compared on the basis of pressure drop, wall temperature, thermal enhancement factor, thermal resistance, thermal transport efficiency, and entropy generation rates. It has been observed that the NMC is capable of cooling effectively and it can achieve a minimum wall temperature of 305 K, thus offering the lowest thermal resistance (

R

th

{R_{\mathrm{th}}}

), irreversible heat loss, and entropy generation rate. Moreover, the NMC has achieved the highest value of the thermal enhancement factor, i. e., 1.13, at

Re

=
1
,
000

\mathrm{Re}=1,000

. Similarly, it has the highest thermal transport efficiency of almost 97 % at

Re

=
1
,
000

\mathrm{Re}=1,000

, followed by the TMC and the RMC. Overall, the NMC has achieved the best performance in all aspects, followed by the RMC and TMC. The performance of the EMC, the CMC, and the HMC was found to be the worst in this study.
Optimizing the Piston Paths of Stirling Cycle Cryocoolers
Authors: Paul Raphael , Hoffmann Karl Heinz 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The ideal Stirling cycle provides a clear control strategy for the piston paths of ideal representations of Stirling cycle machines. For non-equilibrium Stirling cycle machines however, piston paths aiming to emulate the ideal cycle’s four strokes will not necessarily yield best performance. In this contribution, we ask the question: What are the COP-optimal piston paths for specific non-equilibrium Stirling cryocoolers? To this end, we consider a low-effort Stirling cryocooler model that consists of a set of coupled ordinary differential equations and takes several loss phenomena into account. For this model and an exemplary parameter set, piston path optimizations are done with an indirect iterative gradient method based on optimal control theory. The optimizations are repeated for two different kinds of volume constraints for the working spaces: one representing an alpha-Stirling configuration, the other a beta-Stirling configuration. Compared to harmonic piston paths, the optimal piston paths lead to significant improvements in COP of ca. 88 % for the alpha-Stirling and ca. 117 % for the beta-Stirling at the maximum-COP operational frequency. Additionally—and even though the optimizations were performed for maximum COP—cooling power was increased with even lager ratios.
On the modeling of a parametric cubic–quintic nonconservative Duffing oscillator via the modified homotopy perturbation method
Authors: El-Dib Yusry O. , Elgazery Nasser S. , Mady Amal A. , Alyousef Haifa A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper is devoted to obtain an approximate solution to the damped quintic–cubic nonlinear Duffing–Mathieu equation via a modified homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The modification under consideration deals with the improvement of the HPM with the exponential decay parameter. This scheme allows us to get a solution to the damped nonlinear Duffing–Mathieu equation, which the classical HPM failed to obtain. It is found that the solutions and the characteristic curves are affected by the presence of the damping force. The frequency-amplitude characteristics of a symbiotic solution are confirmed as well as the stability condition is carried out in the (non)-resonance cases. All the calculations are done via Mathematica. The comparison between both of the numerical and analytical solutions showed a very good agreement. Illustrated graphs are plotted for a superior realization of periodic motions in the Duffing–Mathieu oscillator. Nonlinear behaviors of each oscillation motion have been characterized through frequency curves.
Analytical Methods Validation of Retinoic Acid and Hydroquinone Using Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography in Medicinal Cream
Authors: Mazroatul Linda , Ulya Annisa Ananda , Supandi Supandi , Mansur Umar 
Published: February 2022

Hydroquinone and retinoic acid have been widely used as whitening agents in cosmetic creams and have a negative impact if used without a medical prescription. In this study, development of analytical method of retinoic acid (REA) and hydroquinone (HYQ) were carried out using Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) with a PDA detector, Phenomenex Luna® ODS / C18 column (150 mmx4.6 mm), methanol-acetic acid 0.1% (85:15) as mobile phase, flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and detected at 295 nm for HYQ and 341 nm for REA. The result of the validation method showed a retention time of HYQ at 1.55 minutes and REA at 3.73 minutes. Validation parameters performed are selectivity, range, linearity, LOD, LOQ, accuracy, and precision. Linear detector response in the concentration range of 75-250 ppm with a calibration curve equation. The calibration curve equation for HYQ is y = 0.4607x + 1.9014 (r = 0.999), mean while REA is y = 2.3138x + 21.0429 (r = 0.999). LOD and LOQ values of HYQ are 1.615 ppm; 13.98 ppm respectively and REA 1.02 ppm and 3.11 ppm, respectively. The precision (% RSD) ≤ ± 2% and accuracy (% recovery) in the range of 99.0% - 100.6%. This method is valid to be used to analyze HYQ and REA in commercial cosmetic cream samples.
Uji Efek Imunomodulator Ekstrak Biji Karika (Carica pubescens Lenne K. Koch) terhadap Peningkatan Aktivitas Fagositosis pada Mencit Putih Swiss Webster
Authors: Luhurningtyas Fania Putri , Dyahariesti Niken , M Septi Fitri Eka 
Published: February 2022

Tumbuhan dari keluarga Caricae telah diketahui mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antelmintik, antihiperkolesterol, antibakteri, antioksidan, dan aktivitas farmakologis lain yang berhubungan dengan sistem imun. Tumbuhan karika merupakan salah satu keluarga Caricaceae dan belum banyak diteliti. Kandungan flavonoidnya diketahui lebih tinggi dibandingkan buah pepaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menskrining aktivitas imunomodulator ekstrak biji karika berdasarkan konstanta fagositosisnya menggunakan metode bersihan karbon. Maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96% digunakan untuk menarik metabolit sekunder biji karika. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membagi 5 kelompok perlakuan pada hewan uji yaitu kelompok positif Pyllanthus niruri, kelompok negative, serta kelompok perlakuan ekstrak biji karika (EBK) dosis 125, 250, dan 500 mg/kgBB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh pemberian variasi dosis EBK terhadap kecepatan eliminasi tinta karbon. Biji karika dosis 500 mg/kgBB mempunyai aktivitas sebanding dengan kontrol positif Pyllanthus niruri (p<0,05) sebagai imunostimulan.
Kejadian Luar Biasa COVID-19, Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur Secara Singkat
Authors: Zilhadia Zilhadia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The world of health is totally horrendous with a disease that attacks internal breathing and can cause death. The cause of this disease was identified as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the desease called Corona Virus Desease 2019 (COVID-19). For the first time in the last two decades, a disease has an impact on the ideology, politics, economics, social, culture, psychology, defense and security of a country, and occurs globally. COVID-19 is a zoonotic disease with a mortality rate of 6,9%. Person-to-person transmission can occur through droplets or direct contact. COVID-19 will be transmitted massively if infection control is delayed or there is no adequate personal protective equipment for health workers. Confirmation of patients who are positive for COVID-19 requires a relatively long time because it requires a careful examination of RT-PCR with a limited number of devices in Indonesia. At present, there is no definitive treatment for COVID-19 even though several drugs are being investigated. To immediately identify patients and prevent further spread, doctors must be aware of travel or contact history with patients who have symptoms of COVID-19. Abstrak: Dunia tiba tiba dihebohkan dengan adanya sebuah penyakit yang menyerang pernafasan bagian dalam dan dapat menyebabkan kematian. Penyakit ini diberi nama Corona Virus Desease 2019 (COVID-19) yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Untuk pertama kalinya sepanjang 2 dekade terakhir, sebuah penyakit berdampak terhadao ideologi, politik, ekonomi, social, budaya, psikologi, pertahanan dan keamanan suatu negara, dan terjadi secara global. COVID-19 adalah penyakit zoonosis dengan tingkat kematian mencapai 6,9%. Penularan dari orang ke orang dapat terjadi melalui droplet atau kontak langsung. COVID-19 akan menular secara masif jika pengendalian infeksi terlambat atau tidak ada alat pelindung diri yang memadai bagi petugas kesehatan. Konfirmasi pasien yang positif terkena COVID-19 membutuhkan waktu yang relatif lama karena memerlukan pemeriksaan yang teliti yaitu RT-PCR dengan jumlah alat yang terbatas di Indonesia. Saat ini, tidak ada pengobatan yang pasti untuk COVID-19 meskipun beberapa obat sedang diselidiki. Untuk segera mengidentifikasi pasien dan mencegah penyebaran lebih lanjut, dokter harus mewaspadai perjalanan atau riwayat kontak dengan pasien yang mempunyai gejala COVID-19.
Kajian Metode Peningkat Kepatuhan Pada Pasien Hipertensi: Telaah Literatur Sistematis
Authors: Novitri Suci Ahda , Saibi Yardi , Muhtaromah Maulia 
Published: February 2022

: Prevalensi penderita hipertensi terus meningkat secara tajam. WHO memprediksi bahwa pada tahun 2025 orang dewasa di dunia akan menderita hipertensi sekitar 29% dari total penduduk dunia. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah karena ketidakpatuhan pasien hipertensi dalam menjalankan terapinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji artikel terkait metode yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien hipertensi serta pengaruhnya terhadap kepatuhan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yang terstruktur dan sistematis (Systematic Literature Review). Pencarian artikel dilakukan melalui basis data Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Scholar dan diperoleh sebanyak 22 artikel. Berdasarkan hasil kajian artikel menunjukkan bahwa metode yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien hipertensi yaitu konseling, home care, fokus group diskusi (FGD), video, pemberian leaflet atau brosur edukasi, pemberian pesan singkat (SMS), kotak obat digital, kartu pil (pill box), mobile health dan gabungan beberapa metode. Metode-metode tersebut memiliki pengaruh dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien hipertensi.
Association of Maternal Tdap Recommendations With Pertussis Hospitalizations of Young Infants
Authors: Kim Grace , Berry Jay G. , Janes Jessica L. , Perez Abe , Hall Matt 
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND
It is well established that young infants have the highest risk of severe pertussis, which often results in hospitalization. Since the 2012 recommendation of administering tetanus toxoid, diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine for every pregnancy, evaluation of pertussis hospitalizations among young infants in the United States has been limited.

METHODS
In this ecological study, we used the Kids’ Inpatient Database, the largest all-payer pediatric inpatient database in the United States, to study pertussis hospitalizations among infants &lt;1 month of age from 2000 to 2016.

RESULTS
The overall rate of pertussis hospitalizations before the Tdap vaccination recommendation was 5.06 per 100 000 infants (95% confidence interval, 4.36–5.76) and 2.15 per 100 000 infants (95% confidence interval, 1.49–2.81) afterward.

CONCLUSIONS
This study supports maternal vaccination against pertussis as an important strategy in protecting young infants, and continued evaluation is needed to assess the long-term trends in hospitalization.
Assessment of selected combined sewer system in the city of Trnava
Authors: Csóka Marek , Marko Ivana , Rózsa Gergely , Stanko Štefan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The goal of this work is the hydraulic capacity assessment of selected combined sewer systems in the city of Trnava. The selected sewer system constitutes from 160 sections 3.3 km long. Hydraulic capacity assessment will test sewer system, created in SeWaCAD program with design rainfall events with varied frequencies. The result of assessment showed that hydraulic capacity of combined sewer system did not meet requirements to properly work. Malfunctioning sewer pipelines must be changed. Design rain with frequency at least one in two years will be used as restoration model.
MARCADORES DE DANO OXIDATIVO NA DOENÇA DE FABRY
Authors: Souza Marinês Ghizi , Marinho Jéssica Pereira , Teixeira Isabel Cristina Proença , Lima John Thomas Weriang , Abreu Tamires Marques , Silva Luiz Fernando Lopes , Funchal Claudia , Dani Caroline , De Mello Alexandre Silva 
Published: February 2022

A doença de Fabry (DF) é uma doença de herança genética ligada ao cromossomo X, com mutações no gene que codifica a enzima lisossômica Alfa-galactosidase A (α-gal A). A baixa atividade enzimática da α-gal A, resulta no acúmulo progressivo do substrato Globotriaosilceramida (Gb3) nas células, prejudicando a função do sistema metabólico e podem estar associado a alteração das espécies reativas de oxigênio e do sistema de defesa antioxidante que contribue para o estresse oxidativo. O objetivo do estudo foi testar, através da análise de amostras de plasma, avaliando a peroxidação lipídica analisada por substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS), dano protéico por ensaio de carbonila, defesas antioxidantes não enzimáticas pelo teor de sulfidrila (SH), defesas enzimáticas antioxidantes por superóxido dismutase (SOD) e catalase (CAT),. Analisamos dois grupos, sendo um com 14 pacientes diagnosticados com DF que não receberam tratamento prévio, comparados com 13 individuos do grupo controle. . A atividade da enzima α-gal A foi medida no plasma e leucócitos. Os resultados no grupo da SOD e CAT apresentou uma correlação positiva entre os dois grupo. Porem não mostraram diferenças significativas (p 0,05) nos níveis de TBARS, carbonila, sulfidrila e SOD. Em conclusão, os parametros estudados manteram uma constante nos níveis de defesa enzimática e não enzimática, sem nenhum impacto sobre a peroxidação lipídica e danos às proteínas. Consideramos que outros fatores no plasma de paciente com Fabry podem contribuir para o extresse oxidativo.
Detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a SARS-CoV-2 virus strain in Vietnam
Authors: Thach Tran Xuan , Duong Bui Thi Thuy , Truong Le Van , Hoa Nguyen Thi , Lanh Pham Thi , Uy Nguyen Thai , Mai Le Quynh , Anh Dang Duc , Khang Dinh Duy , Quyen Dong Van 
Published: February 2022

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of a pandemic of acute respiratory disease in humans. This pandemic has now spread worldwide and caused more than 2,000,000 deaths by 15 January 2021. The complexity and the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 make it difficult to control the disease. Sequence analysis on some open reading frames (ORFs) of a SARS-CoV-2 virus strain isolated in Vietnam in February 2020 (SARS-CoV-2/NIHE/human/2020/VIE strain) revealed some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that only appeared in the Vietnamese strain in comparison to those of the isolates in other countries, including: (1) a change in ORF8-Nucleocapsid (accession number MT127114.1) at nucleotide (nt) 691 (CTC in SARS-CoV-2/NIHE/human/2020/VIE strain, TTC in all other isolates) but it does not change the encoded amino acid, (2) ORF3a-EM-ORF6-ORF7a region (accession number MT127115.1) has four-point changes, three of which lead to changes in the amino acid sequences, being nt 479 (GTA encoding Valine changed into TTA encoding Leucine), nt 575 (CGC encoding Arginine changed to GGC encoding Glycine) in the M gene, and nt 1126 (GTG encoding Valine changed to GAG encoding Glutamic acid) in ORF6. Taken together, the results provided useful information for the SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic kit and vaccine development.
O uso da “Horta na Escola” e ensino por investigação como ferramenta de ensino e aprendizagem em Bioquímica/Química de Alimentos
Authors: Queiroz Maiara Ingrid Cavalcante , Mendonça André Gustavo Ribeiro , Leite Ana Catarina Rezende 
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho analisou o uso da horta no âmbito escolar aliado ao ensino por investigação como ferramentas pedagógicas para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, incorporando a participação ativa dos educandos para assimilação dos conceitos essenciais de Bioquímica e Química de Alimentos – aminoácidos, proteínas, carboidratos, lipídeos, vitaminas, minerais, além de sua utilidade no contexto social, ambiental e econômico. A horta na escola proporciona estudos, pesquisas, debates e atividades sobre as questões alimentares, nutricionais e ambientais, estimulando ainda, um trabalho pedagógico dinâmico e participativo, o que favorece e estimula o interesse dos educandos pelo conhecimento químico. Assim, elaborou-se uma proposta didática considerando as necessidades inerentes da turma e as particularidades individuais dos educandos do Ensino Médio da instituição pública Escola Estadual Professora Irene Garrido (Maceió-AL, Brasil). Em todas as perguntas do questionário há diferença significativa nas respostas do pré e pós-teste (fase 1 e fase 2), com evolução superior a 95% sobre o conhecimento, inferido pela metodologia ativa aplicada. Assim concluímos que em tal contexto existem os desafios da utilização das ferramentas propostas no ensino do sistema educacional, entretanto tais metodologias provavelmente se complementam no desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências adquiridos em tal disciplina.
Evolución del empleo con apoyo como estrategia de inclusión laboral para las personas con discapacidad cognitiva
Authors: Igirio Orozco José Alberto , Marcucci Vargas Marianella , Aristizábal Gómez Kelly Viviana 
Published: February 2022

Este artículo pretende brindar claridad acerca de la evolución del empleo con apoyo como estrategia de inclusión laboral para las personas con discapacidad cognitiva, la cual, ha surgido en el ámbito inter­nacional, influenciando a nuestra normatividad jurídica colombiana, dentro de la cual se ha fomentado diversas medidas a favor del colectivo de personas con discapacidad.
A razón de lo anterior resulta pertinente analizar la concepción de personas con discapacidad cogni­tiva para así comprender el colectivo sobre el cual recae la estrategia de inclusión laboral, asimismo, se requiere de examinar el empleo con apoyo como estrategia de inclusión laboral, y finalmente describir el alcance que presenta el empleo con apoyo a partir de la regulación normativa en Colombia.
Legal Policy on the Utilization of Air Space Above Property Land towards Flat
Authors: Armela Tjeuw Martina 
Published: February 2022

The need for space for development is very high while the land supply is limited, resulting in the use and utilization of above and below ground being unavoidable, both for infrastructure, trade, services, housing and so on. Broadly speaking, there are 6 (six) content materials that have changed in the Flats Law. First, the regulation of obligations of development actors who build commercial flats to provide at least 20% (twenty percent) of public flats. Second, setting the conditions for the construction of flats. Third, pictures and descriptions of flats. Fourth, the function and utilization plan. Fifth, the authority of the central government to issue a Function-worthy Certificate. Sixth, changes to the terms and conditions can be made into a Preliminary Sale and Purchase Agreement. Purpose, legal entity management of flats. The entire scope of changes to the content material, in the Draft Employment Creation Act, is grouped into the “Business Licensing Simplification” cluster. The Employment Creation Act needs to be studied more deeply involving academics and practitioners in the apartment sector as well as community involvement in general for better structuring of regulations in the housing sector, especially Flats.
Perbedaan Perilaku Asertif Ditinjau dari Tipe Kepribadian Menurut Carl Gustav Jung (Studi Komparatif Pada Mahasiswa Organisator Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin)
Authors: Pahmiah Pahmiah , Mubarak Mubarak , Fadhila Mahdia 
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to decide whether there are differences in assertive behavior between extrovert and introvert personality among student organizers of State Islamic University Antasari Banjarmasin. The type of research used is a comparative approach. The sampling method used improbability sampling. The population in this study were students who were members of the Student Executive Board at the Faculty level at State Islamic University Antasari Banjarmasin with a total population of 152 people while the sample used was 60 people. The measuring instrument used to measure assertive behavior constructed by the researcher from the aspects of assertive behavior according to Alberti and Emmons, while personality was also constructed by the researcher by identifying the general characteristics of each of the extrovert and introvert personality types. The results obtained from data analysis show that the sig. (2-tailed) 0.001 <0.05, which means that there is a significant difference in assertive behavior among student organizers who have an extrovert personality type and an introvert personality type.
Keikhlasan Orang Tua yang Memiliki Anak Autisme
Authors: Abdussamad Abdussamad , Mulyani Mulyani , Fadhila Mahdia 
Published: February 2022

Having a child with perfect physical and psychological condition is everyone's dream. However, if the diagnosis states that the child has autism, it is not certainly easy for parents to accept. This aims of research are determining the sincerity of parents who have children with autism and what the factors which influence it. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a muslim couple, husband and wife, which have two autism children as subjects. The results showed that process towards sincerity between two subjects were different. When The SP subject knows the diagnosis results, he can control his emotions that what happened with them is God's provision. so that no matter what the conditions are, he must accept it. Meanwhile, SR subject took two weeks to convince herself about her children's conditions were still gifts from God and she must have to take care. The factors which influences of parents' sincerity are religious knowledges, patience, gratitude, religious understanding and resignation.