bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mass Matters: No Evidence for Ubiquitous Lithium Production in Low-mass Clump Giants
Authors: Chanamé Julio , Pinsonneault Marc H. , Aguilera-Gómez Claudia , Zinn Joel C. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Known sources of lithium (Li) in the universe include the Big Bang, novae, asymptotic giant branch stars, and cosmic-ray spallation. During their longer-lived evolutionary phases, stars are not expected to add to the Li budget of the Galaxy, but to largely deplete it. In this context, recent analyses of Li data from GALAH and LAMOST for field red clump (RC) stars have concluded that there is the need for a new production channel of Li, ubiquitous among low-mass stars, and that would be triggered on the upper red giant branch (RGB) or at helium ignition. This is distinct from the Li-rich giant problem and reflects bulk RC star properties. We provide an analysis of the GALAH Li data that accounts for the distribution of progenitor masses of field RC stars observed today. Such progenitors are different than today’s field RGB stars. Using standard post-main-sequence stellar evolution, we show that the distribution of Li among field RC giants as observed by GALAH is consistent with standard model predictions, and does not require new Li production mechanisms. Our model predicts a large fraction of very low Li abundances from low-mass progenitors, with higher abundances from higher mass ones. Moreover, there should be a large number of upper limits for RC giants, and higher abundances should correspond to higher masses. The most recent GALAH data indeed confirm the presence of large numbers of upper limits, and a much lower mean Li abundance in RC stars, in concordance with our interpretation.
Mapping Discrete Galaxies at Cosmic Dawn with 21 cm Observations
Authors: Reis Itamar , Barkana Rennan , Fialkov Anastasia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
At cosmic dawn, the 21 cm signal from intergalactic hydrogen was driven by Ly-α photons from some of the earliest stars, producing a spatial pattern that reflected the distribution of galaxies at that time. Due to the large foreground, it is thought that at around redshift 20 it is only observationally feasible to detect 21 cm fluctuations statistically, yielding a limited indirect probe of early galaxies. Here, we show that 21 cm images at cosmic dawn should actually be dominated by large (tens of comoving megaparsecs) high-contrast bubbles surrounding individual galaxies. We demonstrate this using a substantially upgraded seminumerical simulation code that realistically captures the formation and 21 cm effects of the small galaxies expected during this era. Small number statistics associated with the rarity of early galaxies, combined with the multiple scattering of photons in the blue wing of the Ly-α line, create the large bubbles, and also enhance the 21 cm power spectrum by a factor of 2–7 and add to it a feature that measures the typical brightness of galaxies. These various signatures of discrete early galaxies are potentially detectable with planned experiments, such as the Square Kilometer Array and the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array, even if the early stars prove to be formed in dark matter halos with masses as low as 108
M
⊙, 10,000 times smaller than the Milky Way halo.
Brizola em dois momentos: da legalidade à redemocratização
Authors: Arruda Coronel Daniel 
Published: July 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é o de apresentar, de maneira analítica, através de uma revisão bibliográfica da literatura política, econômica e social, a contribuição de Leonel Brizola em dois momentos importantes de sua trajetória, a saber, a Campanha da Legalidade e a sua atuação no período em que esteve à frente do executivo fluminense. Os resultados deste ensaio indicam que Brizola esteve nestes dois momentos em defesa da ordem democrática, da legalidade e da educação como força propulsora do desenvolvimento econômico e social do país.
Management of Natural Tourism Objects in Minahasa Regency North Sulawesi Province
Authors: Lengkong Florence D. J. , Londa Very Y. , Palar Novie R. A. , Tulusan Femmy M.G. 
Published: July 2022

Minahasa Regency has the potential of natural resources to become a tourist attraction. This potential has been managed by the government but the management pattern is the same as that carried out by other regions that rely more on natural conditions. This research was conducted to find the form and pattern of managing natural tourism objects in Minahasa Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The findings of this study are that the form and pattern of managing natural tourism objects in Minahasa Regency can be done by combining the principles of local wisdom and special local sense. reflecting the uniqueness of the cultural heritage and the uniqueness of the environment. Natural tourism objects in Bukit Kasih, Lake Tondano and at Kombi Beach in Minahasa Regency have the value of local wisdom and special local sense which can be used as main aspects in managing tourism objects such as the Toar Lumiluut story, the symbol of inter-religious harmony, the legend of Watu Pinabetengan, the legend of the tondano lake, the history of Fort Moraya, the Japanese Heritage Airport Site as well as performances for maengket dance, katrilli and fish farming tours, planting rice around Lake Tondano and the community of grabah craftsmen.
Phonemic Awareness as a Determinant of Reading Abilities of Children with Reading Disabilities in the Buea Municipality, South West Region of Cameroon
Authors: Faizefu Ambei Ruhama 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: This study was aimed at examining phonemic awareness as a determinant of reading abilities of children with reading disabilities in the Buea Municipality, South West Region of Cameroon
Methodology: This Study Was Based on the Premise That Phonemic Awareness Has Been Identified As The best early indicator of a learner’s reading potentials because it sets the stage for phonics, and literacy. A quasi-experimental design was adopted for the study with 14 participants, 7 in the experimental group and 7 in the control group. A pre-test and post-test were administered to the children before and after the intervention. The instrument used for data collection was a phonemic awareness test that constituted elements of reading, sound identification, deletion of the first phoneme, deletion of the second phoneme, initial phoneme identification and final phoneme identification. Data was analyzed using EpiData Version 3.1 Cohen’s d test and Cramer’s V test.
Findings: Results indicated that the phonemic awareness has a significant effect on the reading abilities of children with reading disabilities, this was based on the mean difference of the pre-test (11.37) and post-test (15.17) giving a mean difference of 3.8 with a paired sample t-test of 2.844 giving a significant value of P= 0.05. The study concluded that effective instructions through the development of a child’s ability to understand how individual phonemes can be manipulated and arranged to create words can stop and repair the learning gap and can impart the skills an older reader missed in the earlier grades.
Recommendation: Based on the findings, it was recommended that teachers should be more inclusive in their handling of students’ .Also, parents should be encourage to help children back at home to develop reading skills.
FEATURES OF MEASURING THE «SELF» CONCEPT OF STUDENTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
Authors: K. K. Shalgynbayeva  , K. O. Kaziyev  , B. A. Mataev  
Published: July 2022

The article examines the history of the study of the «Self» concept of personality and the process of professional training of students as a pedagogical problem of higher education. The features of using the methods of M. Kuhn and T. McPartland «Who am I» and A. A. Rean and V. A. Yakunin «Studying the motives of students’ educational activity» in the study of the «Self» concepts and their research capabilities, classification of modifications and methods of interpretation are revealed. The results obtained allow us to conclude about the effectiveness of these methods used in combination with other methods in the study of the «Self» concept of students in terms of vocational training. The sample consisted of 237 students of Pavlodar Pedagogical University and Kh. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University aged from 17 to 23 years, from different courses of study. The subjects were divided into experimental and control study groups. The results of mathematical and statistical processing were obtained using the SPSS Statistics 21 software. The results obtained allow us to conclude about the availability, reliability and validity of these methods when studying the «Self» concept of a student in the conditions of professional training of higher education.
¡La mala soy yo! No quiero ser estigmatizada como Tamar. Teología de la Estigmatización por
Authors: Rueda Meza José Luis , Antonio López Edgar 
Published: July 2022

La lectura contextual de la historia de Tamar (2 Sm 13, 1-22) con un grupo de mujeres que vive con VIH reveló sus propias historias en las que la estigmatización causada por los otros las ha llevado a vivir discriminación, silencio, prejuicio y vulneración de sus derechos. Esta realidad se constituye en un lugar teológico, sin duda, porque sólo podemos hablar de Dios si hablamos de la humanidad de los marginados y excluidos de nuestro tiempo. Los datos recabados bajo la investigación-acción participativa y la lectura contextual de la Biblia permitieron hacer una aproximación teológica al drama vivido por estas mujeres, en el cual se ejerce el poder sobre lo femenino, su cuerpo y su sexualidad como signo del anti-reino y de la no-vida. Además, el recorrido realizado por las mujeres también les permitió su propia sanación y darse cuenta de que, sólo si rompen el silencio, podrán luchar por sus derechos bajo la conciencia de que son víctimas, no culpables. Se trata de una apuesta por la justicia querida por Dios, de ese Dios que se autocomunica en la historia humana.
Beatriz Melano, primera doctora en Teología en el ámbito protestante latinoamericano
Authors: González Pérez Martha 
Published: July 2022

El artículo tiene como finalidad dar a conocer a Beatriz Melano (1931-2004), primera doctora en Teología en el ámbito protestante latinoamericano, cuyos postulados y obra académica han sido ignorados en la mayoría de los seminarios protestantes sobre Teología en México. Asimismo, se intenta recuperar algunas de sus propuestas teológicas con la finalidad de ver si son vigentes para las tradiciones cristianas católicas y protestantes del siglo XXI.
La encíclica Fides et Ratio xx años después (1998-2018)
Authors: Aznar-Sala Javier 
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de nuestro artículo se centra en la comprensión de lo que ha significado la encíclica Fides et Ratio para el diálogo de la fe y de la razón después de 20 años de ser definida. La primera encíclica de la Iglesia sobre esta cuestión fue la Aeterni Patris de León XIII y en ella se quiso impulsar la filosofía de santo Tomás de Aquino para preservar a la teología de los posibles errores filosóficos. La Fides et Ratio de san Juan Pablo II quiso tender desde la teología la mano al mundo de la filosofía para construir un nuevo camino que fundamentara la búsqueda de la verdad. En el siglo XXI lo que se ha puesto en duda es el mismo concepto de verdad y ya se habla de posverdad, por lo que los retos y desafíos actuales requieren de una apertura a la sociología como ciencia que ayude a ofrecer un tipo de verdad que pueda ser entendida por muchos.
Narrativa campesina, experiencia creyente en San Martín Tlamapa y teología profesionalizada
Authors: Cervera Milán Raúl 
Published: July 2022

El artículo sugiere un posible camino para iniciar un diálogo intercultural, en este caso, a partir de algunas expresiones creyentes de una comunidad campesina de México. Parte de esta vía pasa por el análisis del carácter simbólico de estas manifestaciones e incorpora varias ganancias de la narratología como elementos de carácter heurístico. Sobre la base anterior, se sugieren algunas preguntas para una conversación entre este catolicismo campesino y la academia teológica.
Sufrimiento, silencio y sabiduría: contribuciones desde Etty Hillesum
Authors: Navarro S. Rosana E. 
Published: July 2022

A lo largo de la historia de la humanidad, las experiencias de dolor y sufrimiento han acompañado la vida de todo ser humano, de diferentes modos, en los más diversos contextos. La realidad del mundo que vivimos no es una excepción. Estamos permanentemente expuestos desde muchos frentes, pero, fundamentalmente, porque un rasgo constitutivo de la condición humana es la vulnerabilidad y, con ella, los múltiples riesgos de toda índole que día a día debemos asumir, entre ellos, el dolor y el sufrimiento.
En esta reflexión nos aproximaremos a la evolución del sentido del sufrimiento en la experiencia personal de Etty Hillesum, su relación con el silencio y la sabiduría; todo esto como clave para contribuir a una recomprensión del sentido de la vida hoy, en medio de las múltiples situaciones de crisis y conflictos que vive la humanidad.
El don del Espíritu Santo como respuesta a la oración
Authors: López Vergara Juan 
Published: July 2022

Este artículo propone a la oración como la mejor terapia —al percibir nuestra insuficiencia en el horizonte de tan singulares acontecimientos, en medio de una pandemia y lo que le siga—, disponiéndonos a depositar nuestra esperanza en la bondad del Padre, fuente de la Vida, para que confiera el don por antonomasia: el Espíritu Santo. El autor parte de la convicción de que en la Biblia se encuentra el proyecto de Dios expuesto en palabra humana, por lo que es ineludible la aceptación de los métodos de interpretación empleados en cualquier obra literaria de similares características. Estudia la fuente, la arquitectura composicional y el género literario. Fundamenta su investigación en el estudio exegético del vocabulario en la perspectiva narrativa lucana, que con precisas y preciosas matizaciones, muestra su maravillosa lucanicidad. Y justo en las entrañas de un viaje literario, en la “sección central”, aparece Jesús revelando el camino, que deberá caracterizar a sus seguidores. Y muestra que la oración va de la mano del propio desvelamiento de Jesús, por lo cual seguirlo es imprescindible para evangelizar la oración.
Uniformization of precedents: for a materialization of the process in Habermasian pluralist communication
Authors: Garbaccio Grace Ladeira , Bandeira Gonçalo Nicolau Cerqueira Sopas de Melo , Marques Bruno 
Published: July 2022

This article analyzes the judiciary system’s tendency to unify multiple jurisprudences and eventual conflicts with cultural diversity. The judiciary system’s interpretation of laws is interpreted with skepticism, as they might result in derogation of the legislative prerogatives. Critics have gained strength from the actual procedure code's disposals that made compulsory judiciaries pronounce in state and national levels. The present study investigates how judicial understandings of laws could provide voices to the diversity of cases that might eventually be submitted to the Courts' analyses. The broad participation of the amicus curiae in each biding case along with the full applicability of atypical procedural agreements should be conceived as an indispensable condition to give plain social validity and maximum effectiveness to the judiciary pronunciation, especially whenever regarding the most fundamentals concepts of the democratic archetypes resembling the main ideas forecasted by the second generation of the Frankfurt Philosophical School, among whom Jürgen Habermas is considered as the field’s most influential author. The present study uses a dialect-inductive methodology to confirm the hypothesis that both state and superior Courts must analyze various juridical divergent theses so that the bindings might not lack social effectiveness, especially by using the amicus curiae's opinion thoroughly.
Cardiopulmonary- versus neuromuscular-based high-intensity interval training during a pre-season in youth female basketball players
Authors: Rodríguez-Fernández Alejandro , Lago Ángel , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Sánchez Mario , Sánchez-Sánchez Javier 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThis study compares the effects of 6 weeks of pre-season cardiopulmonary- vs. neuromuscular-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in female basketball players’ physical fitness.MethodsOverall, 16 female regional-level U19 basketball players were randomly allocated to a cardiopulmonary-based HIIT (C-HIIT) group (<i>n</i> = 8; age: 17.9 ± 0.6 years; height: 175.4 ± 6.5 cm; body mass: 68.1 ± 7.2 kg) or a neuromuscularbased HIIT (N-HIIT) group (<i>n</i> = 8; age: 18.0 ± 0.4 years; height: 175.6 ± 3.6 cm; body mass: 69.8 ± 5.0 kg). At the PRE-, MID- (3 weeks), and POST-training time points, the participants performed a 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test (30-15 IFT; aerobic performance) and a repeated sprint ability (RSA) test (6 × 15 + 15 m [with 180° change of direction] with 20-second passive recovery).ResultsA 2 × 3 mixed model analysis of variance revealed that both training interventions improved (<i>p</i> < 0.05) 30-15 IFT after 6 weeks (C-HIIT, 8.6% and ES = 2.01; N-HIIT, 3.3% and ES = 0.52). C-HIIT improved (<i>p</i> < 0.05) 30-15 IFT after 3 weeks (3.8%, ES = 0.90). Neither group improved (<i>p</i> > 0.05) in RSA results.ConclusionsC-HIIT and N-HIIT improves aerobic performance in female basketball players. However, for improvements in RSA, other training drills (e.g., repeated sprint training) and tasks with a higher number of changes of direction may be investigated.
The Interrelation between Stock Prices and the Exchange Rate in Kazakhstan
Authors: Azretbergenova G. Zh. 
Published: July 2022

A strong economical link has arisen between stock markets and exchange rates as a consequence of increased capital flows between international financial markets. This correlation between stock returns and exchange rates is particularly intriguing for developing countries such as Kazakhstan, whose economies are quite sensitive to capital flows. In the evolving global financial system, comprehension of the correlation between exchange rates and stock prices is vital for policymakers and investors. Knowing this relationship enables the manager to manage risk effectively, contrariwise, it is applied by investors to predict future trends. However, economic and financial policymakers and regulators need to know the interrelation between conversion rate and asset prices, such as stock markets, in order to articulate respective policies. Nevertheless, there are plenty of empirical studies on the interrelation between exchange rates and the stock market in developed and developing countries. This correlation has not been explored in Kazakhstan. The purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between stock prices and exchange rates in Kazakhstan. The relationship between the variables was analyzed via Johansen Cointegration Test and the VECM model. Upon the results of the analysis, the presence of a long-term correlation between the variables is proved. According to the results of the causality test, the Granger exchange rate is the reason for stock prices in Kazakhstan. There is no causality from stock prices to exchange rates. The results of the study also have a guiding quality in guiding investment decisions for both equity market and foreign money exchange market investors.The null hypothesis that there is nocointegration connection between the variablesis rejected, according to the Trace and MaximumEigenvalue test data in Table 4. In other words,it has been established that the variables have along-term connection. Granger causality test basedon VAR model cannot be used when there is acointegration connection. The VECM (6) modelwill be estimated first, followed by the causalitytest. The results of the causality test predicted usingthe error correction model are presented in Table 5.The exchange rate is the Granger cause of stockprices in Kazakhstan, according to the findings ofthe causality test. There is no relationship betweenstock prices and currency rates.
USANDO A BIOINFORMÁTICA PARA COMPREENDER A INIBIÇÃO DA PROTEÍNA SNAP-25 PELA TOXINA BOTULÍNICA DO SOROTIPO A
Authors: Aversa Felipe Pires de Campos , HASSUNUMA RENATO MASSAHARU , GARCIA PATRÍCIA CARVALHO 
Published: July 2022

Introdução: A neurotoxina botulínica do sorotipo A (BoNT/A) é a mais utilizada atualmente em produtos para uso estético e terapêutico. A ação da BoNT/A decorre da sua ligação de seu domínio de ligação com o receptor (DLR) com proteínas como a proteína associada ao sinaptossoma de 25 kDa (SNAP-25). Desta forma, a paralisia promovida pela BoNT/A ocorre a partir da ligação com a SNAP-25, a qual é essencial para a fusão de vesículas sinápticas. Objetivo: Desenvolver scripts para o software RasMol para produção de imagens que demonstrem a ligação entre a SNAP-25 e o DLR da BoNT/A. Metodologia: O levantamento de arquivos PDB que apresentam a SNAP-25 e o DLR da BoNT/A foi realizado no site Protein Data Bank. A partir do arquivo selecionado foram desenvolvidos scripts para o programa computacional RasMol. Resultados: A partir dos scripts desenvolvidos para o arquivo 1XTG.pdb, foi observado que a extremidade amino-terminal da proteína SNAP-25 interage com o exosítio alfa do DLR. O exosítio alfa é formado por quatro alfa-hélices, formadas pelos resíduos 102-113 (alfa-hélice 1), 310-321 (alfa-hélice 2), 335-348 (alfa-hélice 3) e 351-358 (alfa-hélice 4). A extremidade carboxi-terminal da proteína SNAP-25 apresenta uma fita beta formada pelas 201-203. Esta extremidade se liga ao exosítio beta do DLR, formada por duas fitas betas constituída pelos resíduos 255-259 e 242-246. Assim, a extremidade carboxi-terminal e o exosítio beta formam uma folha beta compostas por três fitas beta. Conclusão: Os scripts produzidos demonstraram que a ligação entre a SNAP-25 e o DLR da BoNT/A decorrem principalmente a partir das extremidades da proteína SNAP-25 com os exosítios alfa e beta do DLR.
IMPACTO AMBIENTAL: EFEITOS DE DESMATAMENTO DA FLORESTA NO SETOR DE FARIM, GUINÉ-BISSAU
Authors: Embaló Queita 
Published: July 2022

Introdução: Os fatores que causam os impactos ambientais no meio ambiente e que degradam os ecossistemas, habitats ou que causam alterações climáticas, têm sido assuntos mais cruciais para estudos que visam manter a qualidade da saúde e o bem-estar de organismos vivos, contribuindo para a saúde do planeta no sentido das futuras gerações possam desfrutar dele. Objetivo: Neste âmbito, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar como o uso inconsciente da floresta do setor de Farim, Guiné-Bissau, pode impactar negativamente a produtividade do meio ambiente contra as espécies vivas da região. Material e métodos: Para realização deste estudo, foi utilizado uma revisão bibliográfica a respeito da nossa temática, a investigação ainda conta com a aplicação de um quiz do google formulário, contendo três questões destinadas aos estudantes guineenses da UNILAB do Instituto de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza (ICEN). Resultados: Os resultados demonstram que a causa da degradação da floresta no sector de Farim, Guiné-Bissau, está relacionada com a fragilidade do estado guineense em relação à gestão da coisa pública, instabilidade política, ausências da informação por parte da população e de políticas cabíveis para a gestão ambiental. Conclusão: Com isso, os fatores como fragilidade do estado guineense, a instabilidade ao nível político, falta das políticas públicas e informação a respeito da relação homem- natureza, são principais pontos promotores para a ausência das áreas protegidas no setor de Farim, causando por isso, a falta da promoção rigorosa para o cumprimento da legislação ambiental do país, levando o desconhecimento parcial da população guineense sobre a noção de como lidar com o meio ambiente de uma forma sustentável.