bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The comparison of Fenton and photo‐Fenton oxidation as a primary unit process for the treatment of raw textile wastewaters
Authors: Sarı Bülent , Türkeş Selman , Güney Hakan , Keskinkan Olcayto 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Fenton and photo‐Fenton oxidation processes (FOP and PFOP) are usually applied as a secondary unit process, and direct usage of both processes is critical in textile wastewater treatment. There is seldom study on the direct application of the FOP or PFOP showing the treatment of raw textile industry wastewaters. This study demonstrates the application and comparison of both FOP and PFOP as single units separately for the treatment of wastewater in a textile industry producing woven fabrics. In both processes, the highest treatment efficiency was achieved at pH 3. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), and color parameters in FOP reduced from 1341 to 254 mg/L, 99.5 to 19.9 mg/L, and 1396 to 97.7 Pt‐Co, respectively. Separately, in the PFOP, 365‐nm wavelength UV radiation sources have been used. In PFOP, the same parameters were reduced from 715 to 42.9 mg/L, 90 to 9 mg/L, and 2080 to 83.2 Pt‐Co, respectively. These results were obtained at 0.7 g Fe2+/L and 2 mM H2O2 concentrations in both studies. PFOP can meet the textile industry receiving environment discharge standards of many countries, especially in Turkey. The use of PFOP as a single unit is possible in the treatment of textile industry wastewater without primary precipitation. The findings in this study may be practical for the adaptation of the processes on the field scale.Practitioner Points

There is seldom study on the direct application of Fenton or photo‐Fenton processes as a single unit to raw textile wastewaters
This study shows the application of the Fenton or photo‐Fenton processes as single units for the treatment of raw wastewater in a textile industry
Results of both processes in this study meet the discharge standards of many countries
Evaluations of efficiencies of both processes were achieved
This study may be the focus of attention of treatment plant operators and researchers
Concluding Remarks and Final Thoughts on Digital Transformation
Authors: Mikalef Patrick , Parmiggiani Elena 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhile we have accumulated much knowledge over the past decades about how organizations engage in digital transformation, future developments are likely to make a lot of this knowledge at least partially obsolete. New forms of working and organizing, along with an increased collaboration between human and machine, are likely to give rise to new forms of digital transformation, novel practices and approaches, and significantly different strategies. Nevertheless, such changes are likely to be gradual. This is due to the fact that emerging technologies require time to mature and to be assimilated in organizational processes. In this concluding chapter, we lay out some final thoughts about digital transformation, as well as how it will likely unfold in Norwegian organizations.
Plastizität menschlichen Alterns: Die Chancen des Zusammenspiels von Biologie, Kultur und Person
Authors: Staudinger Ursula 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungWir leben länger als je zuvor in der Geschichte der Menschheit. Aber längere Leben sind gleichzeitig ein Geschenk und eine Herausforderung für den Einzelnen und die Gesellschaft. Längere Leben heben ein außergewöhnliches Merkmal der menschlichen Spezies hervor, nämlich die Fähigkeit, die eigene Entwicklung und das Altern absichtlich oder unabsichtlich positiv zu beeinflussen. Diese positive Plastizität der menschlichen Entwicklung und des Alterns beruht auf der Tatsache, dass das menschliche Altern weder biologisch noch kontextuell bedingt ist. Vielmehr sind Entwicklung und Alterung das Ergebnis ständiger Wechselwirkungen zwischen biologischen, soziokulturellen Kräften und dem Verhalten eines Menschen. Ein Umdenken in der Entwicklung von Erwachsenen impliziert, dass die Forschung ihre Anstrengungen intensivieren muss, um die Bedingungen und Mechanismen, die die positive Plastizität der Entwicklung und des Alterns von Erwachsenen ermöglichen, zu untersuchen und aufzudecken. Wir müssen wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse darüber sammeln, welche Verlaufskurven von Konstellationen soziokultureller und physischer Kontextmerkmale, der Verhaltensmuster und der genetischen Ausstattung eines Menschen geeignet sind, das Altern zu optimieren. Forschungsbeispiele aus dem Bereich der kognitiven und Persönlichkeitsfunktionen werden vorgestellt, um die positive Plastizität der Entwicklung von Erwachsenen sowie deren Grenzen zu veranschaulichen. Um ein tieferes Verständnis dafür zu erlangen, wie die positive Plastizität des menschlichen Alterns genutzt werden kann, sind kohorten- und ländervergleichende Langzeit-Längsschnittdaten erforderlich, die neben soziodemographischen Informationen und Informationen über die physische Umgebung auch physiologische und verhaltensbezogene Maße umfassen. Solche Erkenntnisse sind dann in der Lage, spezifische und daher effektive Beweise zu liefern, die sowohl für die Sozialpolitik als auch für die Wahl des Lebensstils von Bedeutung sind.
Lebensqualität im Alter durch Hirnschrittmacher und Neuroprothesen
Authors: Gharabaghi Alireza 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Tiefe Hirnstimulation (deep brain stimulation: DBS) hat sich in den letzten drei Jahrzehnten zu eine der erfolgreichsten neuroprothetischen Anwendung zur neuromodulatorischen Behandlung von Hirnerkrankungen im Alter entwickelt und führt zu nachweislichen Verbesserungen der Lebensqualität, z.B. bei Patientinnen und Patienten mit der Parkinson-Erkrankung. Hierzu wird eine neurochirurgische Hochpräzisionsoperation durchgeführt, die auf unterschiedlichen neurotechnologischen Verfahren basiert. Innovative physiologische Verfahren zur Lokalisation der Zielregion können helfen, die Implantation der Elektroden im Gehirn sicherer, genauer und schneller durchzuführen und die Therapieeffekte zu verbessern. Neue Stimulationszielorte und -parameter werden aktuell erforscht, um auch diejenigen Krankheitssymptome, die bisher nicht ausreichend auf diese Therapie ansprechen, wie Gang- und Schlafstörungen, erfolgreich zu behandeln.
Das alternde Gehirn
Authors: Meyer-Lindenberg Andreas 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Lebenserwartung ist in Deutschland in den letzten Jahrzehnten, wie in der gesamten entwickelten Welt, dramatisch und nahezu linear angestiegen. Waren es um 1900 noch etwas mehr als 40 Jahre für Männer und 45 Jahre für Frauen, so liegt die Lebenserwartung in Baden-Württemberg aktuell bei 84 Jahren für eine Frau und 79,5 Jahren für einen Mann. Diese Entwicklung bedeutet, dass im Schnitt für jeden Tag des Lebens die Lebenserwartung um rund 6 h angestiegen ist!
Dark Matter abundance via thermal decays and leptoquark mediators
Authors: Belfatto Benedetta , Buttazzo Dario , Gross Christian , Panci Paolo , Strumia Alessandro , Vignaroli Natascia , Vittorio Ludovico , Watanabe Ryoutaro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We explore a new mechanism for reproducing the Dark Matter (DM) abundance: scatterings of one DM particle on light Standard Model particles. Strong bounds on its decays can be satisfied if DM undergoes freeze-in and has a mass around or below the pion mass. This happens, for example, in theories with a right-handed neutrino interacting with charged fermions through a leptoquark exchange. These leptoquarks can be linked to the ones motivated by the B-physics anomalies if assumptions about the flavour structure are made. DM signals are unusual, with interesting possibilities for direct and indirect detection. Achieving thermal freeze-out instead requires models with more than one DM flavour, and couplings parametrically smaller than what needed by the usual pair annihilations.
The mechanism of resistance in Escherichia coli to ridinilazole and other antibacterial head-to-head bis-benzimidazole compounds
Authors: Dale Aaron G. , Porcu Alessandra , Mann John , Neidle Stephen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe appY gene has been characterised as conferring resistance to a novel series of antimicrobial benzimidazole derivatives in E. coli MC1061 cells when expressed in high copy-number. A microarray approach was used to identify genes involved in the mechanism of appY-mediated antibacterial resistance, that were up- or down-regulated following induction of the gene in the appY knockout strain JW0553. In total, expression of 90 genes was induced and 48 repressed greater than 2.5-fold (P < 0.05), 45 min after appY induction. Over half the genes up-regulated following appY expression had confirmed or putative roles in acid resistance (AR) and response to oxidative and antibiotic stresses. These included the genes for MdtE and MdtF, which form a multi-drug transporter with TolC and have been implicated in resistance to several antibiotics including erythromycin. Amongst the acid resistance genes were gadAB and adiAC encoding the glutamate-dependant (AR2) and arginine-dependant (AR3) acid resistance systems respectively, in addition to the transcriptional activators of these systems gadE and gadX. In agreement with earlier studies, appA, appCB and hyaA-F were also up-regulated following induction of appY. This study has also confirmed that over-expression of mdtEF confers resistance to these antibacterial benzimidazoles, indicating that the observation of appY conferring resistance to these compounds, proceeds through an appY-mediated up-regulation of this efflux transporter. To assess the importance of the AppY enzyme to acid stress responses, the percentage survival of bacteria in acidified media (pH ≤ 2) was measured. From an initial input of 1 × 106 CFU/ml, the wild-type strain MG1655 showed 7.29% and 0.46% survival after 2 and 4 h, respectively. In contrast, strain JW0553 in which appY is deleted was completely killed by the treatment. Transformation of JW0553 with a plasmid carrying appY returned survival to wild-type levels (7.85% and 1.03% survival at 2 and 4 h). Further dissection of the response by prior induction of each of the three AR systems has revealed that AR1 and AR3 were most affected by the absence of appY. This work highlights an important and previously unidentified role for the AppY enzyme in mediating the responses to several stress conditions. It is likely that the appY gene fits into a complex transcriptional regulatory network involving σS and gadE and gadX. Further work to pinpoint its position in such a hierarchy and to assess the contribution of appY to oxidative stress responses should help determine its full significance. This work is also consistent with recent studies in C. difficile showing that the mechanism of action of ridinilazole involves AT-rich DNA minor groove binding.
Differential impact of individual autonomic domains on clinical outcomes in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Longardner Katherine , Merola Aristide , Litvan Irene , De Stefano Alberto Maria , Maule Simona , Vallelonga Fabrizio , Lopiano Leonardo , Romagnolo Alberto 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction
While autonomic failure is a well-known prognostic factor for more aggressive disease progression in Parkinson’s disease (PD), with a three- to sevenfold higher risk of dementia and death within 10 years after the diagnosis, the individual impact of cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urogenital, thermoregulatory, and pupillomotor autonomic domains on PD clinical outcomes remains unclear.

Objectives
We sought to determine the 5-year risk of developing dementia, falls, postural instability, dysarthria, and dysphagia in PD patients with and without autonomic impairment at baseline and to assess the joint and individual association of each autonomic domain on these key functional outcomes. In addition, we aimed to determine the impact of each autonomic domain on activities of daily living (ADLs) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods
We enrolled 65 consecutive PD patients in a 5-year cohort study involving standardized evaluations of autonomic symptoms, orthostatic hypotension, and motor and non-motor features, including cognitive function. Associations were estimated as odds ratio and adjusted for PD duration, age, and baseline motor impairment.

Results
Cardiovascular dysautonomia was associated with a sevenfold higher risk of developing dementia (95%CI: 1.154–50.436; p = 0.035) and a fivefold higher risk of falls (95%CI: 1.099–18.949; p = 0.039), as well as significantly higher impairment in ADLs (p = 0.042) and HRQoL (p = 0.031). No relevant associations were found between the other autonomic domains and these outcomes.

Conclusions
Cardiovascular dysautonomia, but not other domains, showed an association with worse 5-year clinical outcomes in PD. Our data suggest a specific role for cardiovascular autonomic dysregulation in the pathogenic mechanisms of PD progression.
Correlation of PD-L1 expression on tumour cells between diagnostic biopsies and surgical specimens of lung cancer in real life with respect to biopsy techniques and neoadjuvant treatment
Authors: Gompelmann D. , Sinn K. , Brugger J. , Bernitzky D. , Mosleh B. , Prosch H. , Geleff S. , Blessing A. , Tiefenbacher A. , Hoetzenecker K. , Idzko M. , Hoda M. A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purposes
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) testing is performed mainly on biopsy specimens in patients with advanced lung cancer. It is questionable whether the small amount of tissue analysed in biopsies may represent the true PD-L1 expression of a tumour.

Methods
In this retrospective study, PD-L1 expression on tumour cells derived from bronchoscopy brush cytology, endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA), endobronchial biopsy, transbronchial biopsy (TBB) and computed tomography (CT)-guided transthoracic biopsy was compared to the PD-L1 expression of the corresponding surgical resection in lung cancer patients with regard to neoadjuvant treatment in-between.

Results
A quantitative comparison between the diagnostic biopsy of the primary tumour with corresponding resected surgical specimens in a total of 113 lung cancer patients (60% male, mean age 65 ± 9 years) revealed a statistically significant correlation of PD-L1 expression on tumour cells (r = 0.58, p< 0.001), for patients without neoadjuvant treatment in-between and for patients who underwent neoadjuvant treatment (both p < 0.001). Using a cut-off value of ≥ 50% PD-L1 TPS for comparing the biopsy samples and resected specimens, the concordance rate was 78% with a Cohen’s Kappa of 0.45.

Conclusion
A statistically significant concordance for PD-L1 expression on tumour cells between biopsies from primary lung tumour and resected specimen was found, but of uncertain clinical accuracy. The use of a cut-off value of ≥ 50% PD-L1 TPS resulted only in a moderate agreement. Therefore, the interpretation of the PD-L1 determined form biopsy specimens status should only be considered with caution for treatment decisionsQuery.
Zones of Entrapment and Impunity: On the Constitution of Vague and Strange Regimes of Power
Authors: Hallsworth Simon , Stephenson Svetlana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article challenges a tendency prominent in critical theory—one that holds that being “vague and strange” constitute qualities of life opposed to the grid-like systems of coercive control intrinsic to the operation of modern power regimes which, by their ascriptive nature, are compelled to suppress all life which exhibits these traits. Consequently, vagueness represents not only the antithesis of modern power, but a source of resistance against it. This article contests this assumption by exploring the vague regimes of power (which, following William Burroughs, we call “interzones”), which also exist within the fabric of the administered order. The article examines how these interzones function and explores two incarnations:zones of entrapmentandzones of impunity.
Microstructural white matter alterations associated with migraine headaches: a systematic review of diffusion tensor imaging studies
Authors: Rahimi Rahil , Dolatshahi Mahsa , Abbasi-Feijani Fatemeh , Momtazmanesh Sara , Cattarinussi Giulia , Aarabi Mohammad Hadi , Pini Lorenzo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe pathophysiology of migraine as a headache disorder is still undetermined. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has significantly improved our knowledge about brain microstructure in this disease. Here, we aimed to systematically review DTI studies in migraine and survey the sources of heterogeneity by investigating diffusion parameter changes associated with clinical characteristics and migraine subtypes. Microstructural changes, as revealed by widespread alteration of diffusion metrics in white matter (WM) tracts, subcortical and cortical regions, were reported by several migraine DTI studies. Specifically, we reported changes in the corpus callosum, thalamic radiations, corona radiata, and brain stem. These alterations showed high variability across migraine cycle phases. Additionally, migraine associated with depressive/anxiety symptoms revealed significant changes in the corpus callosum, internal capsule, and superior longitudinal fasciculus. No significant WM microstructural differences were observed between migraine patients with and without aura. Overall, differences between chronic and episodic migraine showed inconsistency across studies. Migraine is associated with microstructural changes in widespread regions including thalamic radiations, corpus callosum, and brain stem. These alterations can highlight neuronal damage and neuronal plasticity mechanisms either following pain stimulations occurring in migraine cycle or as a compensatory response to pain in chronic migraine. Longitudinal studies applying advanced modalities may shed new light on the underlying microstructural changes in migraine subtypes.
Facial landmark disentangled network with variational autoencoder
Authors: Liang Sen , Zhou Zhi-ze , Guo Yu-dong , Gao Xuan , Zhang Ju-yong , Bao Hu-jun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLearning disentangled representation of data is a key problem in deep learning. Specifically, disentangling 2D facial landmarks into different factors (e.g., identity and expression) is widely used in the applications of face reconstruction, face reenactment and talking head et al.. However, due to the sparsity of landmarks and the lack of accurate labels for the factors, it is hard to learn the disentangled representation of landmarks. To address these problem, we propose a simple and effective model named FLD-VAE to disentangle arbitrary facial landmarks into identity and expression latent representations, which is based on a Variational Autoencoder framework. Besides, we propose three invariant loss functions in both latent and data levels to constrain the invariance of representations during training stage. Moreover, we implement an identity preservation loss to further enhance the representation ability of identity factor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to end-to-end disentangle identity and expression factors simultaneously from one single facial landmark.
Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version
Authors: Ivanova-Serokhvostova Anastasiya , Molinuevo Beatriz , González Leonor , Hilterman Ed L. B. , Pardo Yolanda , Pera-Guardiola Vanessa , Bonillo Albert , Batalla Iolanda , Torrubia Rafael , Forth Adelle 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe current study examined the psychometric properties (factor structure, reliability and validity) of the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV; Forth et al., 2003) in Spanish samples of male justice-involved youths between 15 and 22-years old. The PCL:YV was administered to two groups of youths who were incarcerated (n = 62; n = 95) and a sample of youth on probation (n = 122). Confirmatory factor analyses showed acceptable-to-good fit for three- and four-factor models. The four-factor hierarchical model with a second-order higher factor representing the whole psychopathy construct was considered for further analyses. PCL:YV scores showed high internal consistency and inter-rater reliability. Low-to-moderate convergence with other measures of psychopathic traits evinced an adequate convergent validity. Convergent and discriminant validity of the PCL:YV total scores were also confirmed considering several measures of psychopathology and personality traits. Importantly, the differential external correlates of the PCL:YV factors provide support for a multidimensional conceptualization of the psychopathy construct. Altogether, these results reveal adequate psychometric properties of the PCL:YV in Spanish population of justice-involved youths and justifies its use to assess psychopathic traits in this kind of populations.
Shade effects on yield across different Coffea arabica cultivars — how much is too much? A meta-analysis
Authors: Koutouleas Athina , Sarzynski Thuan , Bertrand Benoît , Bordeaux Mélanie , Bosselmann Aske Skovmand , Campa Claudine , Etienne Hervé , Turreira-García Nerea , Léran Sophie , Markussen Bo , Marraccini Pierre , Ramalho José Cochicho , Vaast Philippe , Ræbild Anders 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe coffee research community has maintained a long ongoing debate regarding the implications of shade trees in coffee production. Historically, there has been contrasting results and opinions on this matter, thus recommendations for the use of shade (namely in coffee agroforestry systems) are often deemed controversial, particularly due to potential yield declines and farmers’ income. This study is one of the first demonstrating how severalCoffea arabicacultivars respond differently to shade with respect to yield. By standardising more than 200 coffee yield data from various in-field trials, we assembled the so-called “Ristretto” data pool, a one of a kind, open-source dataset, consolidating decades of coffee yield data under shaded systems. With this standardised dataset, our meta-analysis demonstrated significant genotypic heterogeneity in response to shade, showing neutral, inverted U-shaped and decreasing trends between yield and shade cover amongst 18 different cultivars. These findings encourage the examination ofC. arabicaat the cultivar level when assessing suitability for agroforestry systems. Comparison of productivity is also encouraged across a range of low to moderate shade levels (10–40%), in order to help elucidate potential unknown optimal shade levels for coffee production.