bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micronutrients and Nutritional Status among Children living with HIV with and without Severe Acute Malnutrition: IMPAACT P1092
Authors: Bwakura-Dangarembizi Mutsa , Ziemba Lauren , Tierney Camlin , Reding Christina , Bone Frederic , Bradford Sarah , Costello Diane , Browning Renee , Moye John , Vhembo Tichaona , Ngocho James S. , Mallewa Macpherson , Chinula Lameck , Musoke Philippa , Owor Maxensia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background:Micronutrient deficiencies due to malabsorption, gut infections, and altered gut barrier function are common in children living with HIV (CLHIV) and may worsen with severe acute malnutrition (SAM).Methods:This secondary analysis of IMPAACT P1092, a Phase IV, multicenter, open label, non-randomized study of zidovudine (ZDV), lamivudine (3TC), and lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability enrolled SAM and non-SAM CLHIV age 6 to <36 months. Children initiated WHO recommended nutritional rehabilitation prior to enrollment when indicated at screening and were stratified by nutritional status and followed for 48 weeks. Zinc, selenium, serum protein and albumin were measured at entry and week 48 with albumin and total protein serum also measured at weeks 8 and 16. ResultsFifty-two participants, 25 SAM and 27 non-SAM, of median (Q1,Q3) age 19 (13,25) and 18 (12,25) months respectively, were enrolled. Zinc deficiency was present at entry in 2/27 (8%) from the SAM cohort. Mean (SD) baseline zinc levels for the SAM and non-SAM cohort [52.2(15.3), 54.7(12.2) µg/dL] and selenium [92.9(25.0), 84.3(29.2) µg/L] were similar, and there was no difference in change from study entry to week 48 for both: mean (95% CI) difference SAM minus non-SAM of -0.3 (-11.2,10.5) µg/dL and -5.1 (-20.1,9.8) µg/L for zinc and selenium respectively. Mean (SD) baseline total protein levels [75.2(13.2), 77.3(9.4) g/L] and mean change from entry to 48 weeks were similar between cohorts (mean difference (95% CI) (4.6 (-2.4,11.6). The SAM cohort had significantly lower serum albumin levels at entry compared to the non-SAM cohort (mean difference (95% CI) 6.2 (-10.1, -2.4) g/L) and levels were similar after 48 weeks (mean difference (95% CI) 0.4 (-2.2, 2.9) g/L). Mean increase in albumin at 48 weeks was greater in the SAM cohort (mean difference (95% CI) 6.3 (1.9, 10.7) g/L). ConclusionsThese children who were on highly active combination antiretroviral therapy and had malnutrition showed normal levels of selenium and zinc after 10-18 days of nutritional rehabilitation. Entry albumin levels were lower in SAM compared to non-SAM, with normalization to non-SAM levels by 48 weeks. Total protein levels were similar at entry and week 48.Trial RegistrationThe study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01818258 26/03/2013
Early versus delayed surgery in hip fracture patients who underwent hip arthroplasty
Authors: Liu Shencai , Fan Lei , Wang Jian , Shi Zhanjun , Li Tao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Hip arthroplasty (HA) is one of the effective procedures for patients with hip fractures. The surgery timing played an important role in the short-term outcomes in these patients, but conflicting evidence reported.
Methods
The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was investigated from 2002 to 2014 and identified 247377 patients with hip fractures underwent HA. The sample was stratified into ultra-early (0 day), early (1–2 days) and delayed (3–14 days) groups based on time to surgery. Yearly trends, postoperative surgical and medical complications, postoperative length of hospital stay (POS) and total costs were compared after propensity score matched between groups by demographics and comorbidity.
Results
The hip fracture patients underwent HA increased from 30.61% in 2002 to 31.98% in 2014. Early surgery groups reduced medical complications but increased surgical complications. However, specific complication evaluation showed both ultra-early and early groups reduced most of the surgical and medical complications with increasing post hemorrhagic anemia and fever. Ultra-early group also reduced medical complications, but increased surgical complication. Early surgery groups reduced the POS by 0.90 to 1.05 days and total hospital charges by 32.6 to 44.9 percent than delayed. Ultra-early surgery showed no beneficial effect of POS than early, but reduced total hospital charges by 12.2 percent.
Conclusion
HA surgery performed within 2 days showed more beneficial effects over adverse events than delayed. But surgeons should be recognizant of the potential increased risks of mechanical complications and post hemorrhagic anemia.
Knockdown of METTL16 Disrupts Learning and Memory by Reducing the Stability of MAT2A mRNA
Authors: Li Sha , Zhang Runjiao , Zhang Yizhou , Guo Fangzhen , Huang Guannan , Zhao Yan , Chen Bingyu , Wang Chang , Cui Chengran , Shi Yichun , Cui Huixian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is abundant in the mammalian brain and is considered to have a wide range of effects on learning and memory. Here, we found that the upregulated methyltransferase-like protein 16 (METTL16) in the hippocampal tissues of Morris water maze (MWM)-trained mice contributed to improved memory formation and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Mechanismly, METTL16 promoted the expression of methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A) by the m6A methylation of the MAT2A mRNA 3′UTR-end to increase its stability, and this involved in improving hippocampal global m6A levels, plasticity of dendritic spine, learning and memory. This study provides a new perspective to explore the regulatory mechanisms of m6A for learning and memory.
Imputation-powered whole-exome analysis identifies rare coding variants and genes associated with kidney function and disease in the UK Biobank
Authors: Wuttke Matthias , König Eva , Katsara Maria-Alexandra , Kirsten Holger , Farahani Saeed Khomeijani , Teumer Alexander , Li Yong , Lang Martin , Göçmen Burulça , Pattaro Cristian , Günzel Dorothee , Fuchsberger Christian , Kottgen Anna 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have discovered hundreds of associations between common genotypes and kidney function but cannot comprehensively investigate rare coding variants. Here, we applied a genotype imputation approach to whole exome sequencing data from the UK Biobank to increase sample size from 166,891 to 408,511. We detected 158 rare variants and 105 genes significantly associated with one or more of five kidney function traits, including genes not previously linked to kidney disease in humans. The imputation-powered findings derive support from clinical record-based kidney disease information, such as for a novel splice allele in PKD2, and from functional studies of a novel frameshift allele in CLDN10. This cost-efficient approach boosts statistical power to detect and characterize both known and novel disease susceptibility variants and genes, can be generalized to larger future studies, and generates a comprehensive resource (https://ckdgen-ukbb.gm.eurac.edu/) to direct experimental and clinical studies of kidney disease.
Prevalence of Musculoskeleton Pain among occupational motorcyclist and its impact on work efficiency and long term health care in Peshawar: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ullah Qazi Farhan , Shah Sayed Naeem , Adil Syed Shehzad , Javed Sunil , Baqir Muhammad , Naqvi Syed Muhammad Shabbir Ali 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
Motorcycle has been one of the vital modes of transportation worldwide. It is quite difficult to identify the musculoskeletal disorders among the occupational motorcyclists that affect muscular discomfort among motorcyclist due to not much research having been carried out on the motorcyclist. The purpose of this study was to have a better understanding of the musculoskeletal disorders among occupational motorcyclist due to motorcycle riding.
Methods
Research based on cross sectional studies and keywords that related to the musculoskeletal disorders might cause discomfort among occupational motorcyclist. The research screened covered male population over 18 years of age. In order to identify and classify research studies, specific keywords were identified and used in order to guide the discovery of relevant studies.
Results
As overall research shows that from age 25 to 40 years the ratio of motorcyclists are having more musculoskeletal disorders up to 82% of population riding a motorcycle during work time.
Conclusion
This review was done to relate musculoskeletal disorders among occupational motorcyclist, as 28 years old are more prone to have musculoskeletal disorders while riding a motorcycle.
In vitro Complete Differentiation of Human Spermatogonial Stem Cells to Morphologic Spermatozoa Using a Hybrid Hydrogel of Agarose and laminin
Authors: Jabari Ayob , Gholami Keykavos , Khadivi Farnaz , Koruji Morteza , Amidi Fardin , Gilani Mohammad Ali Sadighi , Mahabadi Vahid Pirhajati , Nikmahzar Aghbibi , Salem Maryam , Movassagh Sepideh Ashouri , feizollahi narjes , Abbasi Mehdi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Spermatogenesis refers to the differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) located in the basal part of seminiferous tubules into haploid spermatozoa. Prerequisites for in vitro spermatogenesis include an extracellular matrix, a culture medium containing factors influencing the survival, proliferation and differentiation of spermatogenic cells, and testicular somatic cells that play a supporting role for SSCs. Accordingly, in this paper, the potential of co-culture of Sertoli cells and SSCs embedded in a hybrid hydrogel of agarose and laminin as one of the main components of the extracellular matrix of the basal compartment of seminiferous tubules in the presence of culture medium containing growth factors was investigated.
Methods
After three–week conventional culture of the cellular suspension of enzymatic digestion of human testicular tissue, the cells were cultured in agarose hydrogel alone or hybrid hydrogel (agarose/laminin) for 74 days. Then, the presence of spermatogonial cells and other cells of the different stages of spermatogenesis were analysed by immunocytochemistry, real-time PCR, electron microscopy and morphological staining.
Results
The results showed that colonies with positive spermatogenesis markers were observed in both culture systems. The presence of different levels of spermatogenesis in two groups media was confirmed, but morphological spermatozoa were observed only in hybrid hydrogel group.
Conclusions
Based on the results of this paper, it can be concluded that an agarose and extracellular matrix-based scaffold which maintains the mechanical strength of the scaffold during culture and also increases the biological activity of the scaffold, can support from all physiological activities of SSCs such as survival, proliferation and differentiation.
BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutation analysis from a cohort of 1,267 high-risk breast cancer patients in Brazil
Authors: Villela Darine , Mazzonetto Patricia , Milanezi Fernanda , Andrea Mariana , Martins Sylvia , Monfredini Priscilla M. , Silva Juliana dos Santos , Perrone Eduardo , Schnabel Beatriz , Nakano Viviane , Palmero Edenir , Braggio Esteban , Cavalcanti Thereza Loureiro , Guida Gustavo , Migliavacca Michele Patricia , Scapulatempo-Neto Cristovam , Zalcberg Ilana 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We determined the frequency and mutational spectrum of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in a series of high-risk breast cancer patients from Brazil. A total of 1,267 patients were referred for BRCA genetic testing, and no obligation of fulfilling criteria of mutation probability methods for molecular screening was applied. Germline deleterious mutations in BRCA1/2 (i.e. pathogenic/ likely pathogenic variants) were identified in 156 out of 1267 patients (12%). We confirm recurrent mutations in BRCA1/2, but we also report three novel mutations in BRCA2, not previously reported in any public databases or other studies. Variants of unknown significance (VUS) represent only 2% in this dataset and most of them were detected in BRCA2. The overall mutation prevalence in BRCA1/2 was higher in patients diagnosed with cancer at age > 35 years old, and with family history of cancer. The present data expand our knowledge of BRCA1/2 germline mutational spectrum, and it is a valuable clinical resource for genetic counseling and cancer management programs in the country.
Effectiveness and security analysis of 577nm subthreshold micropulse laser in the treatment of aCSC with full coverage of serous detachment area
Authors: Nie Xiaomei , Liang Qian , Bi Yege , Li Mingbo , Ma Hong , Liu Hongtao , Shanjun Cai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
5X5 matrix thick method of 577 nm substituting micropulsive lasers (SML) was used to treat acute central serous chorioretinopathy (aCSC) with leakage essence within 500µm of the fovea to perform full coverage of the serous detachment area. The effectiveness and safety of this method was evaluated.
Methods
Patients were enrolled and treated with 577 nm SML by the same physicianwith unified operation procedure. 577nm SML was applied to aCSC to treat subretinal fluid (SRF) including PED area without full coverage of the spot interval. These are contrased that the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retina thickness (CRT), choroidal vascular index (CVI). SPSS 18.0 was used to perform repeated measures analysis of variance on LogMAR BCVA and CRT. Paired t-test analysis for CVI was performed with SPSS 18.0.and Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to observe the anatomical structure and retinal destruction .
Results
23 patients with 24 eyes were collected and followed up. The results showed that LogMAR BCVA and CRT of 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after treatment, compared with baseline had statistically significant(p < 0.01);1w after treatment compared with 1m after treatment, which has statistically significant༈p < 0.01༉༛1m, 3m after treatment compared with p > 0.05, which was not statistically significant. In addition, baseline CVI compared with 3 months after treatment, which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no retinal neovascularization (CNV), and only 3 eyeballs had granular hyperreflective deposition under the neuroepithelial layer, but CRT is normal and no subretinal fluid (SRF), macular edem.
Conclusion
577 nm SML is effective in the treatment of aCSC with less side effects. It is the first choice for aCSC within 500um from the fovea. On this basis, it is safe to fully cover the serous detachment region, and it can accelerate the soaking up of serous liquid under the neuroepithelial layer. It is a good choice for aCSC with insignificant leakage points or multiple leakage points.
Impact of interventions scenarios targeting three main vascular risk factors on the future burden of dementia in France.
Authors: Jacqmin-Gadda Hélène , Philipps Viviane , Guillet Florian , Tzourio Christophe , Helmer Catherine , Joly Pierre 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The epidemiological and societal burden of dementia is expected to increase in the coming decades due to the world population aging. In this context, the evaluation of the potential impact of intervention scenarios aiming at reducing the prevalence of dementia risk factors is an active area of research. However, such studies must account for the associated changes in mortality and the dependence between the risk factors. Using micro-simulations, this study aims to estimate the changes in dementia burden in France in 2040 according to intervention scenarios targeting the prevention of hypertension, diabetes and physical inactivity. Accounting for their communality and their effects on mortality, the results show that the disappearance of hypertension, diabetes and physical inactivity in France in 2020 could decrease dementia prevalence by 33% among men and 26% among women in 2040 and increase the life expectancy without dementia at age 65 by 3.4 years (men) and 2.6 years (women). Among the three factors, the prevention of hypertension would be the most efficient. These projections rely on current estimates of the risk of dementia and death associated with risk factors. Thanks to the R package developed they could be refined for different countries or different interventions and updated with new estimates.
Revealing the phase evolution in Fe-based polyanionic cathode materials for low-cost and high-performance sodium-ion batteries: the case of Na4FexP4O12+x (2≤x≤4)
Authors: Zhao Along , Liu Changyu , Ji Fangjie , Zhang Shihao , Fan Haiman , Ni Wenhao , Fang Yongjin , Ai Xin , Yang Hanxi , Cao Yuliang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Fe-based polyanionic materials are one of the most promising cathode materials for practical sodium-ion batteries due to their rich-resource, low cost, and excellent electrochemical performance. Although great achievements have been gained on a series of Na4FexP4O12 + x (2 ≤ x ≤ 4) materials such as Na2FeP2O7 (NFPO), Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 (NFPP) and NaFePO4 (NFP), the structure and phase evolution characteristics on these Na4FexP4O12 + x are still lacking, making it difficult to synthesize these materials with pure phase and optimal electrochemical performance. Herein, seventeen Na4FexP4O12 + x samples with varied x are investigated via both experimental and computational methods to disclose the phase evolution properties. It reveals that only three phases of NFPO, NFPP, and NFP exist in the Na4FexP4O12 + x system, and Fe-defects tend to form at Fe2 sites in NFPP, resulting in a highly pure phase of Fe-defective NFPP (x = 2.91). The NFPP (x = 2.91) exhibits the best electrochemical performance among the seventeen Na4FexP4O12 + x samples. The pouch cells assembled with the NFPP (x = 2.91) cathode and hard carbon anode show excellent rate capability, superior low-temperature performance, high over-discharge endurance, and decent cycling stability. We believe that this work not only clarifies some important issues regarding the phase evolution in Fe-based polyanionic materials, but also serves as an indispensable reference to promote the practical application of low-cost sodium-ion batteries.
ABT-737 reverses cisplatin resistance through ROS-ASK1-JNK MAPK signaling pathway and Ca2+ signaling in human ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Li Xiaoning , Xing Zihan , Gong Tao , Yang Lijun , Yang Tao , Chang Bingmei , Wang Xiaoxia , Yu Baofeng , Guo Rui 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
ABT-737, is a BH3-only protein mimetic, which can effectively inhibit the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-xL and Bcl-2. A large number of studies have shown that ABT-737 can induce a variety of tumor cell apoptosis, and also enhance cisplatin induced tumor cell apoptosis. However, the mechanism of ABT-737 enhances the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin is still unclear and needs further study. Our results showed that ABT-737 can significantly increase the sensitivity of A2780/DDP cells to cisplatin. We detected that ABT-737 could significantly increase the activation levels of JNK and ASK1 in A2780/DDP cells induced by cisplatin. Inhibition of JNK and ASK1 pathway could significantly reduce cisplatin sensitivity increased by ABT-737 in A2780/DDP cells, and inhibition of ASK1 pathway could significantly reduce the activation level of JNK. We further detected that ABT-737 could ovbiously increase the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in A2780/DDP cells induced by cisplatin, and the inhibition of ROS could significantly reduce the activation levels of JNK and ASK1, as well as could significantly reduce cisplatin sensitivity increased by ABT-737 in A2780/DDP cells. Moreover, calcium chelators can significantly reduce cisplatin sensitivity increased by ABT-737 in A2780/DDP cells, the result is consistent with the current reports. These results suggested that ROS-ASK1-JNK signaling axis and calcium signaling play an important role in ABT-737 reversing cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer. This might be a novel molecular mechanism of ABT-737 enhances the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin through regulating ROS-ASK1-JNK signaling axis.
Using patient storytelling to improve medical students’ empathy in Japan: a pre-post study
Authors: Kagawa Yumi , Ishikawa Hirono , Son Daisuke , Okuhara Tsuyoshi , Okada Hiroko , Ueno Haruka , Goto Eiko , Tsunezumi Aiko , Kiuchi Takahiro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Empathy for patients is now internationally accepted as one of the competencies of physicians for patient-centered medical practice and an essential component of medical education. Recently, “patient storytelling” has attracted attention in empathy education for medical students to understand patients’ experiences, feelings, and perspectives. This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate how patient storytelling enhanced undergraduate medical students’ empathy in Japan to the extent that they sustained it for six months.
Methods
Participants were 159 undergraduate medical students in Tokyo in academic years 2018 and 2019. The questionnaire surveys were conducted three times: at the beginning of the class, immediately after the class, and six months after the class. The Japanese version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Student Version was used in this study. Gender, age, and clinical orientation were also obtained through the self-reported questionnaire. We invited a male patient storyteller who was diagnosed with chronic kidney disease to the classes on “Professionalism.” The title of his storytelling was “The Power of Medical Professionals’ Words.”
Results
JSE-S scores improved significantly immediately after listening to patient storytelling. The scores remained improved six months after the class. Interest of specialty was significantly positively associated with an immediate change in JSE-S scores. However, gender had no significant association with changes in JSE-S scores either immediately or six months after education.
Conclusions
Our findings may suggest that patient storytelling would be useful to cultivate empathy among undergraduate medical students. Involvement of patients and citizens in the curricula of humanistic and professional education in medical school should be promoted.
Joint Antenna Selection and Waveform Design for Coexistence of MIMO Radar and Communications
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Wang Xiangrong , Wang Xianghua 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
As the problem of spectral congestion is becoming severe, the coexistence between two primary spectrum users, radar and communications, has spurred extensive research interest. To reduce the mutual interferences between the two functions, MIMO radar waveform design needs to consider the compatibility in both spectral and spatial domains, where the former is achieved by null forming in the frequency domain and the latter is achieved by shaped beampattern synthesis. Additionally, high power efficiency and low system overhead are two desirable characteristics for MIMO radar system design. To this end, we first introduce a new realistic waveform constraint, peakto-valley-power-ratio (PVPR) constraint per antenna to improve the power efficiency. Then, combined with PVPR constraint, we propose a switchable individual antenna power control (SIAPC) scheme to jointly optimise waveforms and antenna locations. We adopt a max-min beampattern matching criterion and impose the ` l_{2,1}-norm penalty on the waveform matrix to promote the sparsity of the array. To solve the resultant non-smooth and non-convex problem, we develop a modified alternating directions method of multipliers, where a surrogate subproblem over primal variables is solved instead of the original problem, and its local convergence is analyzed. Finally, numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method over counterparts, especially obtaining the lowest sidelobe level and deeper spectral nulls using much fewer antennas.