bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urine Myoglobin is Associated with Different Severities and Depths for Burn Patients
Authors: Li Tao , Zhao Qiaomei , Wang Jitu , Liu Tianci , Zhang Man 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundsIt is important to make reasonable clinical decision based on precise burn depth for burn specialists. However, the identification of burn depth based upon clinical assessment was not accurate. It still needs more biomarkers to rapidly distinguish different depths for burn specialists. The potential value of urine myoglobin (UM) is still unknown in burn patients. Patients and methodsThe urine of 30 burn patients and 10 Healthy volunteers (Discover set) were collected from January 2017 to December 2020. Urine proteomics of all samples was identified by Label-free mass spectrometry and functional analysis for differential expression proteins (DEPs) was also analyzed. The Receiver Operating Characteristic curve to evaluate the value of UM from another 67 burn patients (Validation set). ResultsA total of 8253 peptides and 1465 proteins were identified in four groups. For severe burn patients, 402 DEPs (279 up-regulated and 123 down-regulated) were identified and functional analysis demonstrated that neutrophil-mediated immunity, response to stimulus, and complement and coagulation cascades pathway were the most enrichment function. UM had significant differences in burn patients with different severities and depths (Discover and Validation set; P<0.05). UM as a novel biomarker could rapidly distinguish different depths for burn patients (Discover set, AUC=0.8203, 95%CI: 0.6448~0.9957; Validation set, AUC=0.7393, 95%CI: 0.618~0.8606).ConclusionThe urine DEPs were mainly identified in the severe group. UM might as a novel biomarker help burn specialists to rapidly determine different depths for burn patients.
Study of the Memory Effect of PCDD/F During the Combustion of Several Biomasses in A Moving Grate Boiler
Authors: BARAKET Nada , BRANDELET Benoit , TROUVÉ Gwenaëlle , ROGAUME Yann 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The objective of this work was to study the influence of temperature on the PCDD/Fs behavior stored in biomass ashes issued from an automatic pilot-scale wood boiler. A mixture of these ashes with a dioxin mass ratio dry based of 5.9 µg.kg−1 was used for thermal treatment at temperatures ranging between 200 and 500°C. First tests were carried out in a macro thermogravimetric analysis instrument while couple of other tests were carried out in a quartz-lined crossed fixed-bed reactor. These treated ashes were afterwards analyzed and their dioxin mass ratio was determined. Results obtained from these both experiments are radically different: ashes treated in macro-TGA significantly contain more dioxins than the initial non-treated ashes while those from the reactor are extremely less concentrated. 91% of stored dioxins in the initial ashes were eliminated after 1h at 400°C in crossed fixed-bed reactor. Macro-TGA experiments are a representation of what happens during the shut-down and cooling phase of the boiler, some areas reaching temperatures for which the PCDD/Fs formation is optimal. Without cleaning the boiler, a memory effect on further tests is observed.
Experimental Study of the Solar Air Heater Performance with Evacuated Tubes Connected in Series and Involving Nano-Copper Oxide / Paraffin Wax as Thermal Storage Enhancer
Authors: Elbrashy Amr , Aboutaleb Fawzy , El-Fakharany Magda , Essa Fadl 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The investment of solar energy in life applications has become mandatory in order to maintain a clean environment and reduce the use of fossil fuel. In this work, the performance of solar air heater is aimed to be improved with the help of evacuated tube solar collectors. To achieve this purpose, a system consisting of 5 linked collecting panels was designed, fabricated, and experimentally tested. Each panel included a glass-evacuated tube with two concentric aluminum tube installed inside. The system was reinforce by adding paraffin wax as a PCM and boosting its thermal conductivity by incorporating it with copper oxide nanoparticles CuO. The performance was investigated with and without Nano enhancer phase change material NE-PCM at five mass flow rates (0.006-0.008-0.05-0.03-0.01 kg/s). Experimental results revaluated that the highest temperature was recorded as 116°C at a mass flow rate of 0.006 kg/s. The maximum thermal efficiency with storage material was 38% at 0.05 kg/s, and the pressure drop was about 2.2kPa.
Adaptation to novel spatially-structured environments is driven by the capsule and alters virulence-associated traits
Authors: Nucci Amandine , Rocha Eduardo , Rendueles Olaya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The extracellular capsule is a major virulence factor, but its ubiquity in free-living bacteria with large environmental breadths suggests that it shapes adaptation to novel niches. Yet, how it does so, remains unexplored. We evolved in parallel Klebsiella strains and their capsule mutants. Their comparison revealed different phenotypic and genotypic evolutionary changes that alter virulence-associated traits, including biofilm formation. Non-capsulated populations accumulate mutations that reduce capsule expression and increase yield, whereas most capsulated populations become hypermucoviscous, a signature of hypervirulence. Hence, adaptation primarily occurs by fine-tuning expression of the capsular locus. The same evolutionary conditions selecting for mutations in the capsular gene wzc and leading to hypermucoviscosity also resulted in increased susceptibility to antibiotics by mutations in the ramA regulon. This implies that general adaptive processes outside the host can affect capsule evolution and its role in virulence and human infection outcomes may be a by-product of such adaptation.
Analysis of the effect of different punch shapes on thickness distribution of AA5052 sheet in stretch flanging process
Authors: Kumar Surendra , Panthi Sanjay Kumar , Ahmed Meraj , Soni Manoj , Hora Manjeet Singh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Flanging is a well-known process in sheet metal forming (SMF) process, which is highly used in automobile industry and in manufacturing of home appliances. The effectiveness of the flanging process depends on the geometry of tools, material properties etc. In the present research assessment, influence of punch shape on thickness variation in aluminium alloy sheet in stretch flanging (SF) process is presented, which is major challenge of this process. Six types of punches are used in the present work i.e. spherical, conical, cylindrical, 2 step, 3 step and 6 step. Punch of shape is an important part of tooling that affects the deformation behaviour of blank. FEM simulation work is carried out for the assessment of thickness and strain distribution in the flange portion (along the die profile radius and midsection (centre) of blank) in stretch flanging process. The results are validated with experiments that observed in a very good agreement. The reduction in thickness of blank is found minimum in hemispherical punch along the die profile radius and in the midsection of blank as compared to other punch geometry. Thus, it is concluded from this work, based on the reduction of thickness of blank, that the hemispherical punch profile is more suitable in the product design by stretch flanging process.
Five Decades of Information on Canine Environmental Pollutant Exposure: A Scientometric Analysis
Authors: Avila Albert Raul , Prieto Laura Lizeth , Luna-Acosta Andrea 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In recent decades, there has been great concern associated with environmental pollution as a risk factor for the development of different diseases in humans, and the canine species has been considered one of the closest sentinel animal models to evaluate these effects. In this sense, a review was carried out to identify the advances and information gaps on this topic. For this, a Scientometric approach was used, with the application of quantitative statistical analysis to bibliography. Results revealed that there has been in increase in scientific production during the last 20 years in journals such as Science of the Total Environment, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and Environmental Health Perspectives , highlighting the participation of authors such as Sonne, Dietz and Letcher . In this way, the United States, Denmark , and Canada, as well as Universities such as Ehme, Aarhus, Hokkaido and California, are considered the most relevant countries and institutional affiliations in scientific production and collaboration in relation to this topic. In the same way, there is a growing interest in the development of various lines of research related to persistent organic compounds (PCBs, PBDEs) and heavy metals (Hg mainly), using dogs as sentinels, as well as the evaluation of new sources of contamination related to microorganisms. Finally, issues related to air pollutants, particulate matter and asthma appear as new areas of research, in which the canine sentinel model may show promise for the evaluation of its effects.
Differential Effects of Later Cord Clamping on Bilirubin Levels in Normal and Diabetic Pregnancies
Authors: Pan Shuangjia , Lu Qiujing , Lan Yehui , Peng Lingli , Yu Xiaohong , Hua Ying 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the effect of later cord clamping on bilirubin levels and phototherapy rates in normal pregnancy term neonates and diabetic pregnancy neonates.Methods: This is a prospective study that enrolled pregnant women without pregnancy complications and those with diabetes according to the criteria. The subjects were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either immediate cord clamping or later cord clamping. The final data analysis involved 132 cases of diabetic pregnancy and 129 cases of normal pregnancy. The main outcomes were neonatal the transcutaneous bilirubin values in 2-4 days postpartum and the phototherapy rate.Results: In diabetic pregnancy, neonatal bilirubin levels on the 2-4 day postpartum and phototherapy rates were significantly higher in later cord clamping group than in immediate cord clamping group, while in normal pregnancy, there was no statistical difference in bilirubin values and phototherapy rates between different clamping methods. After receiving later cord clamping, bilirubin levels on the third postnatal day and the rate of neonates needing phototherapy were higher in the diabetic pregnancy group than in the normal pregnancy group.Conclusions: Later cord clamping increases the risk of jaundice in newborns whose mothers have diabetes, but has no effect on newborns with normal pregnancy.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04369313; date of registration: April 27, 2020 (retrospectively registered)
How Does The Urban-Rural Income Gap Affect Regional Environmental Pollution? ——Re-Examination Based On The Experience Of Cities At Prefecture Level And Above In China
Authors: He Weiwei , Hou Junjun , Cheng Keke 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Based on the traditional "EKC" theory, this paper re-examines the impact of urban-rural income disparity on regional pollution and its mechanism by using panel data of Chinese cities at prefecture level and above from 2005-2015, combining demand scale and human capital perspectives. The results show that the urban-rural income gap has a significant "inverted U-shaped" trend on urban pollution. Both the scale of demand and human capital are the main mechanisms influencing the environmental pollution effect of urban-rural income gap, and the marginal pollution effects of both are "first negative and then positive" along with the widening of urban-rural income gap. The pollution effects of urban-rural income disparity have significant spatial correlation both nationally and within regions. The intensity of environmental regulations is an important factor affecting the urban-rural income gap, and has a significant "positive U-shaped" effect on regional pollution through the urban-rural income gap.JEL：P25, Q52, R23
Utilization of corn silk for GMO detection through real time PCR
Authors: AREEBA SYEDA , Mughal Duaa , Butt Natasha Abbas , Ahmed Shakil , Khan Ishtiaq Ahmed 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Corn silk is a fiber rich byproduct obtained during corn processing. Present investigation deals with the purpose of GMO detection and quantification and comparison of DNA extraction in corn silk that is considered generally as a waste product. Method: A comprehensive analysis of extracted DNA quality, extraction cost, and time and PCR amplification was performed. Samples were homogenized by three different methods i.e. liquid nitrogen (CSK-LN), tissue lyzer (CSK-TL) and by grinder (CSK-RG). Afterwards, DNA extraction and quantitative analysis of extracted DNA was done using three different Kits QIAGEN DNeasy Mericon Food Kit, eurofins|GeneScan GENESpin DNA isolation Kit and PENICON EZ-10 Spin Column Genomic DNA Miniprep Kit .Furthermore, the agarose gel electrophoresis assay of corn silk was performed. Also scanning electron microscopy revealed observable differences between all 3 samples.Results: CSK-TL showed finest appearance due to the nature of treatment received. Among all kits, kit 3 (PENICON EZ-10 Spin Column Genomic DNA Miniprep Kit) displayed the most economical one for extraction, however in terms of DNA quantification kit 1 (QIAGEN DNeasy Mericon Food Kit) showed highest % yield of 122.4 ng/ul followed by tissue lyzer technique. In the result of gel electrophoresis assay, 1000bp plus band size observed with different consistency according to different kits.Conclusion: DNA extracted using waste material (corn silk) can be used for GMO analysis through Real-Time PCR technique. Among different grinding techniques compared, Tissue lyzed sample (CSK-TL) displayed highest quantified DNA extracted. Hence, provided techniques could be helpful in determining DNA in waste products.
Right-Side Spatial Neglect And White Matter Disconnection After Left Hemisphere Strokes
Authors: Toba Monica , Migliaccio Rafaella , Diehl Pascale Pradat , Bartolomeo Paolo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Spatial neglect usually concerns left-sided events after right hemisphere damage. Its anatomical correlates are debated, with evidence suggesting an important role for fronto-parietal white matter disconnections in the right hemisphere. Here we describe the less frequent occurrence of neglect for right-sided events, observed in three right-handed patients after a focal stroke in the left hemisphere. Patients were tested one month and three months after stroke. They performed a standardised paper-and-pencil neglect battery and underwent brain MRI with both structural and Diffusion Tensor (DT) sequences, in order to assess both grey matter and white matter tracts metrics. Lesions were manually reconstructed for each patient. Patients presented signs of mild right-sided neglect during visual search and line bisection, as well as pathological performance in real-life situations. Structural MRI demonstrated left parietal strokes in two patients, in the region extending from the postcentral gyrus to the temporo-parietal junction. One of these two patients also had had a previous occipital stroke. The remaining patient had a left frontal stroke, affecting the precentral, the postcentral gyri and the basal ganglia. DT MRI tractography showed disconnections in the fronto-parietal regions, concerning principally the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). These results suggest an important role for left SLF disconnection in right-side neglect, which complements analogous evidence for right SLF disconnection in left-side neglect.
A four‐gene‐based model predicts TACE efficacy for hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Shao Xinyi , Chen Tingqiao , Chen Yangmei , Wen Jiamei , Zhang Yujie , Liu Lin , Pu Yihuan , Zhang Lingzhao , Chen Jiayi , Li Qian , Chen Jin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Primary liver cancer, of which hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for over 90%, is the sixth most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is widely performed globally as an effective treatment for HCC patients at intermediate and advanced stages, but the efficiency varies amongst patients.
Objective
This study aimed to develop models that predict the efficacy of TACE for HCC patients.
Methods
GSE104580 from Gene Expression Omnibus was used as training and validation sets. Tumor samples were randomly allocated to training and validation sets in a ratio of 7:3. Differentially expressed genes were screened in the training sets, and efficacy-related genes were identified. Their common genes were used in LASSO L1 regression and support vector machine (SVM)-based recursive feature elimination learner to identify the best predictive four genes. After gene screening, we established the predictive model for two sets using SVMs, random forests models, and logistic regression analysis.
Result
IFIT1, LIN28B, S100A9, and SPARCL1 were significantly related to the efficacy of TACE for HCC patients. The accuracy of the training sets was 90.3%, 100%, and 91.3% using SVMs, random forests models, and logistic regression analysis, respectively. The four-gene predictive signature showed larger area under the curve values (> 80%) after receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, indicating a high predictive capacity.
Conclusion
The gene-based model constructed in this study acts as a reliable efficacy assessment tool for clinicians and will aid treatment decision-making for HCC patients.
Evaluation of Dental Students’ Satisfaction With the Quality of Virtual Education in Alborz Dental School During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zare Homa , Esmaily Masomeh , mohammadian manijeh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: With the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic and daily increases in the number of new cases, there have been significant changes in people’s lifestyle and needs, and members of society have faced various challenges. Closure of schools and universities with the purpose of preventing further spread of the disease has turned preparation and implementation of educational programs for continuity in home education during lockdown the biggest challenge for educational systems.Methods and materials: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among dental students of Alborz University of medical sciences. In this research, the questionnaire was designed as 5-option multiple-choice questions that evaluated participants’ satisfaction with virtual education, personal computers and internet access, and got their opinions on the efficiency of virtual education in dental education and university’s limitations.Results: Satisfaction with the efficiency of virtual courses, preferring traditional education to virtual teaching and inclination to a combination of traditional and virtual education was more than moderate, while it was less than moderate concerning teachers’ responsiveness and evaluation methods. Furthermore, students were highly satisfied with their access to virtual facilities, and moderately satisfied with the amount of presented content and expected duties. The overall level of student satisfaction was assessed as moderate and males were more inclined towards virtual education than females. However, their age and place of residence had no significant impact on their satisfaction levels.Conclusion: Students’ satisfaction level with the quality of virtual education in Alborz dental school is moderate. Students are inclined to combining education methods. Participants’ sex and year of entry significantly affected their satisfaction levels, whereas there was no significant relationship observed between their age or place of residence and the level of satisfaction.
Three-Dimentional Visualization of Electroacupuncture Activates Brown Adipose Tissue via Sympathetic Innervation in PCOS Rats
Authors: Gao Hongru , Tong Xiaoyu , Hu Wei , Wang Yicong , Lee Kuinyu , Xu Xiaoqing , Shi Jiemei , Pei Zhenle , Lu Wenhan , Chen Yuning , Zhang Ruonan , Wang Zheyi , Wang Ziyu , Han Chengzhi , Wang Yu , Feng Yi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Low-frequency electroacupuncture (EA) has been shown to ameliorate obesity and reproductive dysfunctions in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and further explorations in PCOS-like rats showed that EA could affect white adipose tissue (WAT). However, the function and neuromodulation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in PCOS and after EA treatment have remained unknown. The present study focused on the role of BAT in PCOS-like rats and its relationship with EA, and it characterized the three-dimensional (3D) innervation of BAT associated with activation molecules. Methods: Twenty-one-day-old female rats were implanted with dihydrotestosterone or fed high fat diet respectively to establish PCOS-like and obesity models, and then EA treatment at “Guilai” (ST 29) and “Sanyinjiao” (SP 6) was carried out for 4 weeks. In present study, morphology, 3D imaging, molecular biology and other experimental techniques were used to study the sympathetic nerve and activity of BAT. Results: First, dihydrotestosterone-induced PCOS-like rats showed both obvious weight gain and reproductive dysfunction, similar to what is seen in high-fat dietinduced obesity rats except for the absence of reproductive dysfunction. We found that the body weight gain was mainly caused by an increase in WAT, but surprisingly we also observed an abnormal decrease in BAT. Because both the lipid metabolism and reproductive disorders could be improved with bilateral EA at “Guilai” (ST 29) and “Sanyinjiao” (SP 6), especially the restoration of BAT, we further investigated the neuromodulation and inflammation in BAT and identified the sympathetic marker tyrosine hydroxylase as one of the key factors of sympathetic nerves. We used tissue clearing and 3D high-resolution imaging technology to show that crooked or dispersed sympathetic nerves, but not the twisted vasculature, were reconstructed and associated with the activation of BAT and are likely to be the functional target for EA treatment. Conclusion: Taken together, the results of our study highlight the significant role of BAT and its sympathetic innervations in PCOS and in EA therapy. Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome, electroacupuncture, brown adipose tissue, sympathetic nerve, mitochondrial brown fat uncoupling protein 1
Computer-Assisted Detection Of Intracranial Aneurysms Using A Transformer Deep Neural Network In 3D MR Angiography
Authors: Zhou Emily , Huang Felix 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Intracranial aneurysms, a brain condition caused by weakened blood vessels, result in abnormal bulging or dilation of the intracranial artery walls. Up to 5% of the global population will suffer from this disease, and early detection is critical. Due to their small size, aneurysms are often missed in initial patient image assessments. Further, the process of interpreting 3D medical images can be time-consuming, error-prone, and require trained radiologists. This study implemented a deep learning model using a Transformer Neural Network to enable the automated computer-assisted detection of aneurysms in 3D TOF-MRA images.
This novel Transformer model demonstrated overall 91.9% patient-level sensitivity and 95.1% patient specificity in detecting intracranial aneurysms. Additionally, for aneurysms exceeding 5 mm in diameter, it reached patient sensitivity of 95.8% and patient specificity of 96.4%. To our knowledge, this is the first study to implement a Transformer Deep Neural Network for the detection of aneurysms from 3D volumetric TOF-MRA images. The successful results underscore the potential of Transformer models in accelerating diagnoses of cerebrovascular diseases while streamlining radiologists’ workflow. This detection method can be applicable for identifying aneurysms in other organs and diseases such as brain tumors.