bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TESS discovery of a sub-Neptune orbiting a mid-M dwarf TOI-2136
Authors: Gan Tianjun , Soubkiou Abderahmane , Wang Sharon X , Benkhaldoun Zouhair , Mao Shude , Artigau Étienne , Fouqué Pascal , Arnold Luc , Giacalone Steven , Theissen Christopher A , Aganze Christian , Burgasser Adam , Collins Karen A , Shporer Avi , Barkaoui Khalid , Ghachoui Mourad , Howell Steve B , Lamman Claire , Demangeon Olivier D S , Burdanov Artem , Cadieux Charles , Chouqar Jamila , Collins Kevin I , Cook Neil J , Delrez Laetitia , Demory Brice-Olivier , Doyon René , Dransfield Georgina , Dressing Courtney D , Ducrot Elsa , Fan Jiahao , Garcia Lionel , Gill Holden , Gillon Michaël , Gnilka Crystal L , Gómez Maqueo Chew Yilen , Günther Maximilian N , Henze Christopher E , Huang Chelsea X , Jehin Emmanuel , Jensen Eric L N , Lin Zitao , Manset Nadine , McCormac James , Murray Catriona A , Niraula Prajwal , Pedersen Peter P , Pozuelos Francisco J , Queloz Didier , Rackham Benjamin V , Savel Arjun B , Schanche Nicole , Schwarz Richard P , Sebastian Daniel , Thompson Samantha , Timmermans Mathilde , Triaud Amaury H M J , Vezie Michael , Wells Robert D , de Wit Julien , Ricker George R , Vanderspek Roland , Latham David W , Seager Sara , Winn Joshua N , Jenkins Jon M 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
We present the discovery of TOI-2136 b, a sub-Neptune planet transiting a nearby M4.5V-type star every 7.85 d, identified through photometric measurements from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission. The host star is located 33 pc away with a radius of R* = 0.34 ± 0.02 R⊙, a mass of $0.34\pm 0.02 \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$, and an effective temperature of 3342 ± 100 K. We estimate its stellar rotation period to be 75 ± 5 d based on archival long-term photometry. We confirm and characterize the planet based on a series of ground-based multiwavelength photometry, high-angular-resolution imaging observations, and precise radial velocities from Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT)/SpectroPolarimètre InfraROUge (SPIRou). Our joint analysis reveals that the planet has a radius of 2.20 ± 0.17 R⊕ and a mass of 6.4 ± 2.4 M⊕. The mass and radius of TOI-2136 b are consistent with a broad range of compositions, from water-ice to gas-dominated worlds. TOI-2136 b falls close to the radius valley for M dwarfs predicted by thermally driven atmospheric mass-loss models, making it an interesting target for future studies of its interior structure and atmospheric properties.
MHD-scale anisotropy in solar wind turbulence near the Sun using Parker solar probe data
Authors: Sakshee Sakshee , Bandyopadhyay Riddhi , Banerjee Supratik 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Recent Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observations have shown the presence of sudden reversals in the radial magnetic field, known as switchbacks. Applying a method based on wavelet analysis, here we study the nature of power and spectral-index anisotropies in switchback and non-switchback intervals using PSP data. While a similar spectral-index anisotropy, consistent with critical balance, is found in the switchback and non-switchback intervals, power anisotropy is more enhanced in the non-switchback samples. This result may be attributed to the ‘less developed’ turbulence in the non-switchback periods.
A novel approach for calculating galaxy rotation curves using spaxel cross-correlation and iterative smoothing
Authors: Bag Satadru , Shafieloo Arman , Smith Rory , Chung Haeun , Linder Eric V , Park Changbom , Abylkairov Y Sultan , Yelshibekov Khalykbek 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Precise measurements of the internal dynamics of galaxies have proven of great importance for understanding the internal dark matter distribution of galaxies. We present a novel method for measuring the line-of-sight (LOS) velocities across the face of galaxies by cross-correlation of spectral pixels (spaxels) and an iterative method of smoothing. On simulated data the method can accurately recover the input LOS velocities for different types of spectra (absorption-line dominated, emission-line dominated, and differing shapes of the continuum), and can handle stellar population radial gradients. Most important of all, it continues to provide reliable measurements of LOS velocities with reasonable uncertainties even when the spectra are very low signal-to-noise ratio (approaching ∼1), which is a challenge for traditional template-fitting approaches. We apply our method to data from a real MaNGA galaxy as a demonstration and find promising results with good precision. This novel approach can be complementary to existing methods primarily based on template fitting.
Discovery of a pulse-phase-transient cyclotron line in the X-ray pulsar Swift J1808.4−1754 and identification of an optical companion
Authors: Salganik Alexander , Tsygankov Sergey S , Lutovinov Alexander A , Djupvik Anlaug A , Karasev Dmitri I , Molkov Sergey V 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
In this work, the temporal and spectral properties of the poorly studied X-ray pulsar Swift J1808.4−1754 were investigated in the 0.8–79 keV energy range based on the data from the NuSTAR and Swift observatories collected during the 2014 outburst. Strong pulsations with a period of 909.73 ± 0.03 s were detected in the source light curve, with the pulsed fraction demonstrating a non-monotonic dependence on the energy with a local minimum around 17–22 keV. Phase lags in one of the pulse profile components, reaching the maximal value approximately at the same energy, were discovered. The pulse phase-averaged spectrum of the source has a power-law shape with an exponential cutoff at high energies, which is typical of X-ray pulsars. Pulse phase-resolved spectroscopy revealed the presence of a pulse-phase-transient cyclotron absorption line at ∼21 keV, allowing us to estimate the neutron star magnetic field of 2.4 × 1012 G. This makes Swift J1808.4−1754 a member of very small family of X-ray pulsars with a pulse-phase-transient cyclotron line in a narrow phase range. The data from the Nordic Optical Telescope allowed us to study the properties of the infrared companion in the system and to conclude that most probably it is a Be-type star located at a distance of 5–8 kpc.
Scaling relations of convective granulation noise across the HR diagram from 3D stellar atmosphere models
Authors: Rodríguez Díaz Luisa Fernanda , Bigot Lionel , Aguirre Børsen-Koch Víctor , Lund Mikkel N , Rørsted Jakob Lysgaard , Kallinger Thomas , Sulis Sophia , Mary David 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
High-precision photometric data from space missions have improved our understanding of stellar granulation. These observations have shown with precision the stochastic brightness fluctuations of stars across the Hertzsprung–Russell (HR) diagram, allowing us to better understand how stellar surface convection reacts to a change in stellar parameters. These fluctuations need to be understood and quantified in order to improve the detection and characterization of exoplanets. In this work, we provide new scaling relations of two characteristic properties of the brightness fluctuations time series: the standard deviation (σ) and the autocorrelation time ($\tau_{\rm ACF}$). This was done by using long time series of 3D stellar atmosphere models at different metallicities and across the HR diagram, generated with a 3D radiative hydrodynamical code: the stagger code. We compared our synthetic granulation properties with the values of a large sample of Kepler stars, and analysed selected stars with accurate stellar parameters from the Kepler LEGACY sample. Our 3D models showed that σ $\propto \nu_{\rm max}^{-0.567\pm 0.012}$ and $\tau_{\rm ACF} \propto \nu_{\rm max}^{-0.997\pm 0.018}$ for stars at solar metallicity. We showed that both σ and $\tau_{\rm ACF}$ decrease with metallicity, although the metallicity dependence is more significant on σ. Unlike previous studies, we found very good agreement between σ from Kepler targets and the 3D models at $\log g$ ≤ 3.5, and a good correlation between the stars and models with $\log g$ ≥ 3.5. For $\tau_{\rm ACF}$, we found that the 3D models reproduced well the Kepler LEGACY star values. Overall, this study shows that 3D stellar atmosphere models reproduce the granulation properties of stars across the HR diagram.
Orbits and adiabatic contraction in scalar-field dark matter halos: revisiting the cusp-core problem in dwarf galaxies
Authors: Pils Kevin , Rindler-Daller Tanja 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Bose–Einstein-condensed dark matter, also called scalar field dark matter (SFDM), has become a popular alternative to cold dark matter (CDM), because it predicts galactic cores, in contrast to the cusps of CDM halos (‘cusp-core problem’). We continue the study of SFDM with a strong, repulsive self-interaction; the Thomas–Fermi (TF) regime of SFDM (SFDM-TF). In this model, structure formation is suppressed below a scale related to the TF radius RTF, which is close to the radius of central cores in these halos. We investigate for the first time the impact of baryons onto realistic galactic SFDM-TF halo profiles by studying the process of adiabatic contraction (AC) in such halos. In doing so, we first analyse the underlying quantum Hamilton–Jacobi framework appropriate for SFDM and calculate dark matter orbits, in order to verify the validity of the assumptions usually required for AC. Then, we calculate the impact of AC onto SFDM-TF halos of mass $\sim 10^{11}\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$, with various baryon fractions and core radii, RTF ∼ (0.1–4) kpc, and compare our results with observational velocity data of dwarf galaxies. We find that AC-modified SFDM-TF halos with kpc-size core radii reproduce the data well, suggesting stellar feedback may not be required. On the other hand, halos with sub-kpc core radii face the same issue than CDM, in that they are not in accordance with galaxy data in the central halo parts.
Ghostly stellar haloes and their relationship to ultrafaint dwarfs
Authors: Ricotti Massimo , Polisensky Emil , Cleland Emily 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Ghostly stellar haloes are extended haloes of stars composed solely of debris of pre-reionization fossil galaxies and should exist in dwarf galaxies with total masses &lt;1010 M⊙. Fossil galaxies are even smaller mass dwarf galaxies that stopped forming stars after the epoch of reionization and have been identified in the Local Group as the ultrafaint dwarf satellites. Using cosmological N-body simulations, we present an empirical model for the shape and mass of ghostly stellar haloes. We compare the model to available observations of stellar haloes in six isolated dwarf galaxies in the Local Group (Leo T, Leo A, IC 10, WLM, IC 1613, NGC 6822) to infer the star formation efficiency in dwarf galaxies at the epoch of reionization. We find an efficiency of star formation in dark matter haloes with masses 106−108 M⊙ at z ∼ 7 in rough agreement with independent methods using data on the luminosity function of ultrafaint dwarf galaxies but systematically higher by a factor of 3–5. The systematic uncertainty of our results is still large, mainly because available observations of stellar halo profiles do not extend over a sufficiently large distance from the centre of the host dwarf galaxy. Additional observations, easily within reach of current telescopes, can significantly improve the accuracy of this method and can also be used to constrain the present-day dark matter masses of dwarf galaxies in the Local Group. Our method is based on a set of observations never used before; hence, it is a new independent test of models of hierarchical galaxy formation.
The interacting pair of galaxies Arp 82: integral field spectroscopy and numerical simulations
Authors: Karera Prime , Drissen Laurent , Martel Hugo , Iglesias-Páramo Jorge , Vilchez Jose M , Duc Pierre-Alain , Plana Henri 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Spectral data cubes of the interacting pair of galaxies NGC 2535 and NGC 2536 (the Arp 82 system) targeting bright emission lines in the visible band, obtained with the imaging Fourier transform spectrometer (iFTS) SITELLE attached to the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT), are presented. Analysis of H$\alpha $ velocity maps reveals a bar in $\rm NGC\, 2536$. In $\rm NGC\, 2535$, we find strong non-circular motions outside the ocular ring, in the elliptical arc and tidal tails of $\rm NGC\, 2535$, and a misalignment between the kinematic and photometric position angles. We detect 155 H ii region complexes in the interacting pair of galaxies and determine oxygen abundances for 66 of them using different calibrators. We find, regardless of the indicator used, that the oxygen abundance distribution in $\rm NGC\, 2536$ is shallow, whereas in $\rm NGC\, 2535$, it is best fitted by two slopes, the break occurring beyond the ocular ring. The inner slope is comparable to the one observed in isolated normal star-forming galaxies, but the outer slope is shallow. We present a numerical simulation of the interaction that reproduces the observed tidal features, kinematics, and metallicity distribution, to investigate the effect of the interaction on the galaxies. The model indicates that the galaxies have undergone a close encounter, strongly prograde for the primary, and are halfway in their course to a second close encounter.
Genomic Signatures of Divergent Ecological Strategies in a Recent Radiation of Neotropical Wild Cats
Authors: Ramirez Jorge L. , Lescroart Jonas , Figueiró Henrique V. , Torres-Florez Juan Pablo , Villela Priscilla M. S. , Coutinho Luiz L. , Freitas Patricia D. , Johnson Warren E. , Antunes Agostinho , Galetti Pedro M. , Eizirik Eduardo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEcological differentiation among diverging species is an important component of the evolutionary process and can be investigated in rapid and recent radiations. Here, we use whole genome sequences of five species from the genus Leopardus, a recently diversified Neotropical lineage with species bearing distinctive morphological, ecological, and behavioral features, to investigate genome-wide diversity, comparative demographic history and signatures of positive selection. Our results show that divergent ecological strategies are reflected in genomic features, for example a generalist species shows historically larger effective population size and higher heterozygosity than habitat specialists. The demographic history of these cats seems to have been jointly driven by climate fluctuations and habitat specialization, with different ecological adaptations leading to distinct trajectories. Finally, a gene involved in vertebrate retinal neurogenesis (POU4F2) was found to be under positive selection in the margay, a cat with notoriously large eyes that are likely associated with its nocturnal and arboreal specializations.
Elevated prohibitin 1 expression mitigates glucose metabolism defects in granulosa cells of infertile patients with endometriosis
Authors: Mao Jingqin , Zhang Jingyi , Cai Lingbo , Cui Yugui , Liu Jiayin , Mao Yundong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEndometriosis is a common disease in women of childbearing age and is closely associated with female infertility. However, the pathogenesis of endometriosis-related infertility is still not fully understood. Prohibitin 1 (PHB1), a highly conserved protein related to mitochondrial function, is differentially expressed in the endometrium of patients with endometriosis. However, the role of PHB1 in glucose metabolism in granulosa cells remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether PHB1 expression and glucose metabolism patterns differ in the granulosa cells of patients with endometriosis and those of patients serving as controls. We then evaluated these changes after PHB1 was upregulated or downregulated in the human granulosa cell line (KGN) using a lentivirus construct. In the granulosa cells of patients with endometriosis, significantly elevated PHB1 expression, increased glucose consumption and lactic acid production, as well as aberrant expression of glycolysis-related enzymes were found compared to those without endometriosis (P &lt; 0.05). After PHB1 expression was upregulated in KGN cells, and the expression of enzymes related to glucose metabolism, glucose consumption and lactic acid production was strikingly increased compared to controls (P &lt; 0.05). The opposite results were found when PHB1 expression was downregulated in KGN cells. Additionally, the cell proliferation and apoptosis rates, ATP synthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were significantly altered after down-regulation of PHB1 expression in KGN cells (P &lt; 0.05). This study suggested that PHB1 plays a pivotal role in mitigating the loss of energy caused by impaired mitochondrial function in granulosa cells of patients with endometriosis, which may explain, at least in part, why the quality of oocytes in these patients is compromised.
3DGenBench: a web-server to benchmark computational models for 3D Genomics
Authors:   International Nucleome Consortium, Belokopytova Polina , Viesná Emil , Chiliński Mateusz , Qi Yifeng , Salari Hossein , Di Stefano Marco , Esposito Andrea , Conte Mattia , Chiariello Andrea M , Teif Vladimir B , Plewczynski Dariusz , Zhang Bin , Jost Daniel , Fishman Veniamin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Modeling 3D genome organisation has been booming in the last years thanks to the availability of experimental datasets of genomic contacts. However, the field is currently missing the standardisation of methods and metrics to compare predictions and experiments. We present 3DGenBench, a web server available at https://inc-cost.eu/benchmarking/, that allows benchmarking computational models of 3D Genomics. The benchmark is performed using a manually curated dataset of 39 capture Hi-C profiles in wild type and genome-edited mouse cells, and five genome-wide Hi-C profiles in human, mouse, and Drosophila cells. 3DGenBench performs two kinds of analysis, each supplied with a specific scoring module that compares predictions of a computational method to experimental data using several metrics. With 3DGenBench, the user obtains model performance scores, allowing an unbiased comparison with other models. 3DGenBench aims to become a reference web server to test new 3D genomics models and is conceived as an evolving platform where new types of analysis will be implemented in the future.
Catchet-MS identifies IKZF1-targeting thalidomide analogues as novel HIV-1 latency reversal agents
Authors: Ne Enrico , Crespo Raquel , Izquierdo-Lara Ray , Rao Shringar , Koçer Selin , Górska Alicja , van Staveren Thomas , Kan Tsung Wai , van de Vijver David , Dekkers Dick , Rokx Casper , Moulos Panagiotis , Hatzis Pantelis , Palstra Robert-Jan , Demmers Jeroen , Mahmoudi Tokameh 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A major pharmacological strategy toward HIV cure aims to reverse latency in infected cells as a first step leading to their elimination. While the unbiased identification of molecular targets physically associated with the latent HIV-1 provirus would be highly valuable to unravel the molecular determinants of HIV-1 transcriptional repression and latency reversal, due to technical limitations, this has been challenging. Here we use a dCas9 targeted chromatin and histone enrichment strategy coupled to mass spectrometry (Catchet-MS) to probe the differential protein composition of the latent and activated HIV-1 5′LTR. Catchet-MS identified known and novel latent 5′LTR-associated host factors. Among these, IKZF1 is a novel HIV-1 transcriptional repressor, required for Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 recruitment to the LTR. We find the clinically advanced thalidomide analogue iberdomide, and the FDA approved analogues lenalidomide and pomalidomide, to be novel LRAs. We demonstrate that, by targeting IKZF1 for degradation, these compounds reverse HIV-1 latency in CD4+ T-cells isolated from virally suppressed people living with HIV-1 and that they are able to synergize with other known LRAs.
Trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with central nervous system involvement from HER2-positive breast cancer: The DEBBRAH trial
Authors: Pérez-García José Manuel , Vaz Batista Marta , Cortez Patricia , Ruiz-Borrego Manuel , Cejalvo Juan Miguel , de la Haba-Rodriguez Juan , Garrigós Laia , Racca Fabricio , Servitja Sonia , Blanch Salvador , Gion María , Nave Monica , Fernández-Abad María , Martinez-Bueno Alejandro , Llombart-Cussac Antonio , Sampayo-Cordero Miguel , Malfettone Andrea , Cortés Javier , Braga Sofía 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) has shown durable antitumor activity in pretreated patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer (ABC), but its efficacy has not yet been evaluated in patients with active brain metastases (BMs). DEBBRAH aims to assess T-DXd in patients with HER2-positive or HER2-low ABC and central nervous system involvement.

Methods
This ongoing, five-cohort, phase II study (NCT04420598) enrolled patients with pretreated HER2-positive or HER2-low ABC with stable, untreated, or progressing BMs, and/or leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. Here, we report findings from HER2-positive ABC patients with non-progressing BMs after local therapy (n = 8; cohort 1), asymptomatic untreated BMs (n = 4; cohort 2), or progressing BMs after local therapy (n = 9; cohort 3). Patients received 5.4 mg/kg T-DXd intravenously once every 21 days. The primary endpoint was 16-week progression-free survival (PFS) for cohort 1 and intracranial objective response rate (ORR-IC) for cohorts 2 and 3.

Results
As of October 20, 2021, 21 patients received T-DXd. In cohort 1, 16-week PFS rate was 87.5% (95%CI, 47.3-99.7; P &lt; .001). ORR-IC was 50.0% (95%CI, 6.7-93.2) in cohort 2 and 44.4% (95%CI, 13.7-78.8; P &lt; .001) in cohort 3. Overall, the ORR-IC in patients with active BMs was 46.2% (95%CI, 19.2-74.9). Among patients with measurable intracranial or extracranial lesions at baseline, the ORR was 66.7% (12 out of 18 patients; 95%CI, 41.0-86.7), 80.0% (95%CI, 28.4-99.5) in cohort 1, 50.0% (95%CI, 6.7-93.2) in cohort 2, and 66.7% (95%CI, 29.9-92.5) in cohort 3. All responders had partial responses. The most common adverse events included fatigue (52.4%; 4.8% grade ≥3), nausea (42.9%; 0% grade ≥3), neutropenia (28.6%; 19% grade ≥3), and constipation (28.6%; 0% grade ≥3). Two (9.5%) patients suffered grade 1 interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis.

Conclusions
T-DXd showed intracranial activity with manageable toxicity and maintained the quality of life in pretreated HER2-positive ABC patients with stable, untreated, or progressing BMs. Further studies are needed to validate these results in larger cohorts.