bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cocoa bean fingerprinting via correlation networks
Authors: Kumar Santhust , D’Souza Roy N. , Corno Marcello , Ullrich Matthias S. , Kuhnert Nikolai , Hütt Marc-Thorsten 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCocoa products have a remarkable chemical and sensory complexity. However, in contrast to other fermentation processes in the food industry, cocoa bean fermentation is left essentially uncontrolled and is devoid of standardization. Questions of food authenticity and food quality are hence particularly challenging for cocoa. Here we provide an illustration how network science can support food fingerprinting and food authenticity research. Using a large dataset of 140 cocoa samples comprising three cocoa fermentation/processing stages and eight countries, we obtain correlation networks between the cocoa samples by computing measures of pairwise correlation from their liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) profiles. We find that the topology of correlation networks derived from untargeted LC-MS profiles is indicative of the fermentation and processing stage as well as the origin country of cocoa samples. Progressively increasing the correlation threshold firstly reveals network clusters based on processing stage and later country-based clusters. We present both, qualitative and quantitative evidence through network visualization, network statistics and concepts from machine learning. In our view, this network-based approach for classifying mass spectrometry data has broad applicability beyond cocoa.
Muscle-derived fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells for production of cultured bovine adipose tissue
Authors: Dohmen Richard G. J. , Hubalek Sophie , Melke Johanna , Messmer Tobias , Cantoni Federica , Mei Arianna , Hueber Rui , Mitic Rada , Remmers Dirk , Moutsatsou Panagiota , Post Mark J. , Jackisch Laura , Flack Joshua E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCultured meat is an emergent technology with the potential for significant environmental and animal welfare benefits. Accurate mimicry of traditional meat requires fat tissue; a key contributor to both the flavour and texture of meat. Here, we show that fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells (FAPs) are present in bovine muscle, and are transcriptionally and immunophenotypically distinct from satellite cells. These two cell types can be purified from a single muscle sample using a simple fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) strategy. FAPs demonstrate high levels of adipogenic potential, as measured by gene expression changes and lipid accumulation, and can be proliferated for a large number of population doublings, demonstrating their suitability for a scalable cultured meat production process. Crucially, FAPs reach a mature level of adipogenic differentiation in three-dimensional, edible hydrogels. The resultant tissue accurately mimics traditional beef fat in terms of lipid profile and taste, and FAPs thus represent a promising candidate cell type for the production of cultured fat.
Peeking into a black box, the fairness and generalizability of a MIMIC-III benchmarking model
Authors: Röösli Eliane , Bozkurt Selen , Hernandez-Boussard Tina 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAs artificial intelligence (AI) makes continuous progress to improve quality of care for some patients by leveraging ever increasing amounts of digital health data, others are left behind. Empirical evaluation studies are required to keep biased AI models from reinforcing systemic health disparities faced by minority populations through dangerous feedback loops. The aim of this study is to raise broad awareness of the pervasive challenges around bias and fairness in risk prediction models. We performed a case study on a MIMIC-trained benchmarking model using a broadly applicable fairness and generalizability assessment framework. While open-science benchmarks are crucial to overcome many study limitations today, this case study revealed a strong class imbalance problem as well as fairness concerns for Black and publicly insured ICU patients. Therefore, we advocate for the widespread use of comprehensive fairness and performance assessment frameworks to effectively monitor and validate benchmark pipelines built on open data resources.
Transcription shifts in gut bacteria shared between mothers and their infants
Authors: Vatanen Tommi , Sakwinska O. , Wilson B. , Combremont S. , Cutfield W. S. , Chan S. Y. , Godfrey K. M. ,   NiPPeR Study Group, Sakwinska O. , Cutfield W. S. , Chan S. Y. , Godfrey K. M. , O’Sullivan J. M. , Barton Sheila J. , Cavanagh Mary , Chong Yap Seng , Costello Paula , Cox Vanessa , El-Heis Sarah , Jagtap Mrunalini , Lillycrop Karen , Nield Heidi , Satianegara Gernalia , Silva-Zolezzi Irma , Soh Shu E. , Woon Gladys , Kenealy Tim , Vickers Mark , Swann Jonathan , O’Sullivan Justin M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe infant gut microbiome contains a portion of bacteria that originate from the maternal gut. In the infant gut these bacteria encounter a new metabolic environment that differs from the adult gut, consequently requiring adjustments in their activities. We used pilot community RNA sequencing data (metatranscriptomes) from ten mother-infant dyads participating in the NiPPeR Study to characterize bacterial gene expression shifts following mother-to-infant transmission. Maternally-derived bacterial strains exhibited large scale gene expression shifts following the transmission to the infant gut, with 12,564 activated and 14,844 deactivated gene families. The implicated genes were most numerous and the magnitude shifts greatest in Bacteroides spp. This pilot study demonstrates environment-dependent, strain-specific shifts in gut bacteria function and underscores the importance of metatranscriptomic analysis in microbiome studies.
Thermodynamic mechanism of the density and compressibility anomalies of water in the range − 30 < T (°C) < 100
Authors: Yasutomi Makoto 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCompared to normal liquids, water exhibits a variety of anomalous thermal behaviors. This fact has been known for centuries. However, the thermodynamic mechanisms behind them have not been elucidated despite the efforts of many researchers. Under such circumstances, the author theoretically reproduced the measured values of the density-temperature curve at 1 atm for water above 0 $$^\circ $$

∘

C. Then, the mystery of negative thermal expansion was clarified in relation to the shapes of the intermolecular interactions. In this paper, the author develops this line of work further and presents the interactions between water molecules to simultaneously reproduce the measured values of both the density-temperature curve and the isothermal compressibility-temperature curve in the range $$-30<T(^\circ {\mathrm{C}})<100$$

-
30
<
T

(
∘

C
)
<
100

at 1 atm. Then, the thermodynamic mechanism that produces these thermal behaviors is clarified in relation to the shapes of the interactions between molecules. Unraveling the mystery of related phenomena in relation to the shapes of the interaction between molecules has been a traditional and fundamental method in physics since the days of Newton.
Evaluation of alveolar bone hypomineralization in pediatric hypophosphatasia using orthopantomography
Authors: Okawa Rena , Nakamoto Takashi , Matayoshi Saaya , Nakano Kazuhiko , Kakimoto Naoya 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHypophosphatasia (HPP) is a metabolic disease characterized by impaired bone mineralization and early exfoliation of primary teeth. This study was performed to develop a method for quantitatively evaluating alveolar bone hypomineralization using orthopantomographic images. Alveolar bone density was defined according to the pixel values and corrected by brightness shown by an indicator applied to the orthopantomographic device. Images of 200 healthy subjects (aged 2–15 years) were classified into five age groups. The corrected pixel values were significantly lower in the younger group than in those aged 14–15 years (2–4, 5–7, and 8–10 years versus 14–15 years: P < 0.0001, 11–13 years versus 14–15 years: P < 0.01). Orthopantomographic images of 17 patients with HPP were evaluated. The corrected pixel values of three-fourths of the patients with odonto type HPP were lower than the mean values of the healthy group. One-third of patients treated with enzyme replacement therapy showed higher corrected pixel values than the healthy group. Our results suggest that odonto type HPP without skeletal problems is occasionally accompanied by hypomineralization of alveolar bone and that alveolar bone hypomineralization in patients with severe HPP is possibly improved by enzyme replacement therapy.
Silencing acetyl-CoA carboxylase A and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 genes through RNAi reduce serum and egg cholesterol in chicken
Authors: Prasad Athe Rajendra , Bhattacharya T. K. , Chatterjee R. N. , Divya D. , Bhanja S. K. , Shanmugam M. , Sagar N. G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCholesterol is synthesized in chicken through de novo lipid biosynthetic pathway where two most important genes viz. SREBP1 and ACACA play immense role. To minimize cholesterol synthesis, RNAi approach was adopted and accordingly, we developed transgenic chicken possessing ACACA and SREBP1 shRNA constructs, which showed lower level of ACACA and SREBP1 in serum. The serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL cholesterol was significantly lower by 23.8, 35.6, 26.6 and 20.9%, respectively in SREBP1 transgenic birds compared to the control. The egg total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol content was numerically lower in both ACACA and SREBP1 transgenic birds by 14.3 and 13.2%, and 10.4 and 13.7%, respectively compared to the control. It is concluded that the protocol was perfected to develop transgenic chicken through RNAi for knocking down the expression of ACACA and SREBP1 proteins, which minimized the cholesterol and triglycerides contents in serum and eggs.
A computational modeling of invadopodia protrusion into an extracellular matrix fiber network
Authors: Kim Min-Cheol , Li Ran , Abeyaratne Rohan , Kamm Roger D. , Asada H. Harry 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInvadopodia are dynamic actin-rich membrane protrusions that have been implicated in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. In addition, invasiveness of cancer cells is strongly correlated with invadopodia formation, which are observed during extravasation and colonization of metastatic cancer cells at secondary sites. However, quantitative understanding of the interaction of invadopodia with extracellular matrix (ECM) is lacking, and how invadopodia protrusion speed is associated with the frequency of protrusion-retraction cycles remains unknown. Here, we present a computational framework for the characterization of invadopodia protrusions which allows two way interactions between intracellular branched actin network and ECM fibers network. We have applied this approach to predicting the invasiveness of cancer cells by computationally knocking out actin-crosslinking molecules, such as α-actinin, filamin and fascin. The resulting simulations reveal distinct invadopodia dynamics with cycles of protrusion and retraction. Specifically, we found that (1) increasing accumulation of MT1-MMP at tips of invadopodia as the duration of protrusive phase is increased, and (2) the movement of nucleus toward the leading edge of the cell becomes unstable as duration of the retractile phase (or myosin turnover time) is longer than 1 min.
Neuronal population activity dynamics reveal a low-dimensional signature of operant learning in Aplysia
Authors: Costa Renan M. , Baxter Douglas A. , Byrne John H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLearning engages a high-dimensional neuronal population space spanning multiple brain regions. However, it remains unknown whether it is possible to identify a low-dimensional signature associated with operant conditioning, a ubiquitous form of learning in which animals learn from the consequences of behavior. Using single-neuron resolution voltage imaging, here we identify two low-dimensional motor modules in the neuronal population underlying Aplysia feeding. Our findings point to a temporal shift in module recruitment as the primary signature of operant learning. Our findings can help guide characterization of learning signatures in systems in which only a smaller fraction of the relevant neuronal population can be monitored.
The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS)
Authors: Bahar Y. Emre , Bulbul Esra , Clerc Nicolas , Ghirardini Vittorio , Liu Ang , Nandra Kirpal , Pacaud Florian , Chiu I-Non , Comparat Johan , Ider-Chitham Jacob , Klein Mathias , Liu Teng , Merloni Andrea , Migkas Konstantinos , Okabe Nobuhiro , Ramos-Ceja Miriam E. , Reiprich Thomas H. , Sanders Jeremy S. , Schrabback Tim 
Published: January 2022

Context.Scaling relations link the physical properties of clusters at cosmic scales. They are used to probe the evolution of large-scale structure, estimate observables of clusters, and constrain cosmological parameters through cluster counts.Aims.We investigate the scaling relations between X-ray observables of the clusters detected in the eFEDS field using Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma/eROSITA observations taking into account the selection effects and the distributions of observables with cosmic time.Methods.We extract X-ray observables (LX,Lbol,T,Mgas,YX) withinR500for the sample of 542 clusters in the eFEDS field. By applying detection and extent likelihood cuts, we construct a subsample of 265 clusters with a contamination level of <10% (including AGNs and spurious fluctuations) to be used in our scaling relations analysis. The selection function based on the state-of-the-art simulations of the eROSITA sky is fully accounted for in our work.Results.We provide the X-ray observables in the core-included <R500and core-excised 0.15R500-R500apertures for 542 galaxy clusters and groups detected in the eFEDS field. Additionally, we present our best-fit results for the normalization, slope, redshift evolution, and intrinsic scatter parameters of the X-ray scaling relations betweenLX-T,LX-Mgas,LX-YX,Lbol-T,Lbol-Mgas,Lbol-YX, andMgas-T. We find that the best-fit slopes significantly deviate from the self-similar model at a >4σ confidence level, but our results are nevertheless in good agreement with the simulations including non-gravitational physics, and the recent results that take into account selection effects.Conclusions.The strong deviations we find from the self-similar scenario indicate that the non-gravitational effects play an important role in shaping the observed physical state of clusters. This work extends the scaling relations to the low-mass, low-luminosity galaxy cluster and group regime using eFEDS observations, demonstrating the ability of eROSITA to measure emission from the intracluster medium out toR500with survey-depth exposures and constrain the scaling relations in a wide mass-luminosity-redshift range.
Weiterentwicklung der Reifegrade des Qualitäts – und
Risikomanagementsystems am Universitätsklinikum
Schleswig-Holstein
Authors: Soeth Edlyn , Hilbert Carsten , Scharffenberg Susanne , Wehkamp Kai , Rogge Annette , Kahla-Witzsch Heike , Freitag-Wolf Sandra , Scholz Jens , Petzina Rainer 
Published: January 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Konsekutiv zu unserer Publikation „Reifegrade des
Qualitäts- und Risikomanagementsystems am Universitätsklinikum
Schleswig-Holstein“ aus dem Jahr 2018 stellen wir die Weiterentwicklung
unseres Reifegradmodells vor. Qualitäts- und Risikomanagement (QRM) in
Krankenhäusern sind nicht nur gesetzlich gefordert, sondern
führen maßgeblich zu einer optimierten patienten- und
ablauforientierten Krankenversorgung.
Methode Durch einen strukturierten Erhebungsbogen zur Eigenbewertung
erfolgte an 46 Kliniken mit direkter Patientenversorgung an den beiden
Standorten des UKSH (Kiel und Lübeck) eine Analyse von insgesamt neun
Qualitätskriterien. Vier von diesen Kriterien
(Qualitätssicherung (QS), Critical Incident Reporting System (CIRS),
Beschwerdemanagement (BM) und Prozessmanagement (PM)) wurden bereits 2016
erhoben und in 2020 um fünf neue Aspekte erweitert – Audits und
Begehungen, Verantwortlichkeiten, Morbiditäts- und
Mortalitätskonferenzen, Hygieneschulungen und OP-Checklisten. Jedes
Qualitätskriterium wurde in vier Kategorien von A (voll implementiert)
bis D (nicht implementiert) eingeteilt.
Ergebnisse Im direkten Ergebnisvergleich der vier
Qualitätskriterien und des Gesamtreifegrades von 2016 und 2020 zeigten
sich statistisch signifikante Verbesserungen in 2020 in den Kriterien QS
(p=0,013), CIRS (p=0,026), PM (p=0,000) und dem
Gesamtreifegrad (p=0,019). Im Bereich BM wurden keine statistisch
signifikanten Unterschiede festgestellt, jedoch zeigte sich eine positive
Entwicklung. In den in 2020 zusätzlich erhobenen fünf
Qualitätskriterien wurden die Reifegrade A (voll implementiert) und B
(zum großen Teil implementiert) jeweils in folgenden
Häufigkeiten angegeben: Audits und Begehungen 100%,
Verantwortlichkeiten 95,6%, Morbiditäts- und
Mortalitätskonferenzen 65,2%, Hygieneschulungen 95,6%
und OP-Checklisten 100%.
Schlussfolgerung Das integrierte QRM ist seit Jahren fester Bestandteil am
UKSH. Die Wirksamkeitsüberprüfungen der initiierten
zielgerichteten Maßnahmen stellen jedoch eine Herausforderung dar. Aus
diesem Grund erscheint es notwendig, wirkungsvolle und ressourcenschonende
Ansätze für eine Evaluation von Maßnahmen und
für die Identifikation von Verbesserungspotentialen zu entwickeln. Die
erkannten Verbesserungspotentiale sollen risikopriorisiert und mit umsetzbaren
Maßnahmen ausgeschöpft werden. Diesen Grundsätzen
folgend konzipierten wir 2016 ein qualitatives Reifegradmodell zur Evaluation
des QRM-Systems am UKSH, dessen Weiterentwicklung wir hier aufzeigen.
„Aktiv leben mit Krebs – Tipps für einen
gesunden Lebensstil“ – Bedarfserfassung und Entwicklung einer
multimedialen Patienteninformation
Authors: van Eckert Sandra , Seidel Nadja , Stölzel Friederike , Wolff Michaela , Glausch Melanie , Spallek Jacob 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungDie positive Wirkung eines gesunden Lebensstils auf die ganzheitliche Verfassung
und Lebensqualität für Krebspatient*innen (Cancer
Survivors) ist wissenschaftlich belegt. Gemäß den National
Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Guidelines for Survivorship ist
Unterstützung in diesem Bereich ausdrücklich gefordert. Bei
hohem Unterstützungsbedarf für die Entwicklung und Umsetzung
eines gesunden Lebensstils gibt es jedoch, vor allem in ländlichen
Regionen, einen Mangel an spezialisierten Angeboten für
Krebspatient*innen. Nach Erfassung der Bedürfnisse war es unser
Ziel, eine leicht zugängliche, multimediale Patienteninformation auf der
Basis des sozial-kognitiven Prozessmodells des Gesundheitsverhaltens (Health
Action Process Approach – HAPA), zu konzipieren. Die Anhebung der
Gesundheitskompetenz steht u. a. als Basis für informierte
Entscheidungen, und ist damit eine wichtige Ressource für die
Krebsnachsorge. Weiterführende Erhebungen zur Akzeptanz, Nutzung und
Auswirkung der Patienteninformation hinsichtlich einer angestrebten,
längerfristigen Änderung des Gesundheitsverhaltens sind
empfohlen.
Existe alguma diferença entre um marcador esférico e uma moeda simples para planejamento digital de substituição de quadril?
Authors: Polesello Giancarlo Cavalli , Salerno Thiago Tronco , Queiroz Marcelo Cavalheiro de , Ricioli Junior Walter , Rabelo Nayra Deise Anjos , Honda Emerson Kyioshi 
Published: January 2022

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar a precisão e as diferenças entre 2 tipos de marcadores metálicos, esfera e moeda, para calibração radiográfica no planejamento pré-operatório da artroplastia de quadril.
Métodos Quatro marcadores metálicos esféricos e quatro moedas, ambas de 25 mm de diâmetro, foram colocadas em trocânter maior, sínfise púbica, entre as coxas e a mesa do exame, para exame radiográfico do quadril em 33 pacientes com prótese de quadril. A cabeça da prótese foi utilizada para calibração e dois examinadores mediram os diâmetros da imagem dos marcadores, e os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente.
Resultados No trocânter maior, a esfera e a moeda não foram visualizadas em 19 radiografias (57,6%). Entre as coxas, o marcador de moeda não foi visualizado em 13 radiografias (39,4%). No trocânter maior, a precisão de 25 mm da moeda e da esfera foi, respectivamente, entre 57,1 e 63,3% e entre 64,3 e 92,9%. A moeda entre as coxas atingiu 25 mm de precisão entre 50 e 60%. Sobre a mesa de exame, os marcadores de moeda e esfera atingiram, respectivamente, diâmetros médios de 22,91 mm e 23 mm, o menor coeficiente de variação, o menor intervalo de confiança e o posicionamento mais fácil. Houve diferença estatística entre as avaliações dos marcadores (moeda vs. esfera) em todas as posições (p < 0,032), com exceção da posição na mesa de exame (p = 0,083).
Conclusões A moeda entre as coxas é o melhor marcador para calibração radiográfica no planejamento pré-operatório da artroplastia de quadril, e sugerimos o uso de outra moeda na mesa de exame para comparação, considerando os 8% de redução em relação ao seu tamanho real.
Tendinopatias do quadril: Uma atualização de conceitos e abordagens
Authors: Resende Vanessa Ribeiro de , Franco Yuri Rafael dos Santos 
Published: January 2022

ResumoA presente atualização foi embasada nas novas evidências científicas das principais tendinopatias relacionadas ao quadril. Foram abordadas temáticas que envolvem os princípios do aparecimento das tendinopatias através, principalmente, do princípio da capacidade versus demanda e os aspectos biomecânicos envolvidos no seu aparecimento, suas principais características e apresentações clínicas. Associadas a isso, foram expostas as atualizações voltadas ao tratamento, com a terapia por exercício sendo o foco do tratamento conservador e as abordagens cirúrgicas necessárias para o controle ou resolução desses casos.
Applications of Ultrasound in the Postoperative Period: A Review
Authors: Long Emily , Maselli Amy , Barron Sivana , Morgenstern Monica , Comer Carly D. , Chow Kaimana , Cauley Ryan , Lee Bernard T. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground Recent advances in ultrasound technology have further increased its potential for routine use by plastic and reconstructive surgeons.Methods An extensive literature review was performed to determine the most common applications of ultrasound in the postoperative care of plastic and reconstructive surgery patients.Results In contrast with other available imaging modalities, ultrasound is cost-effective, rapid to obtain, eliminates the need for ionizing radiation or intravenous contrast, and has virtually no contraindications. In addition to its diagnostic capabilities, ultrasound can also be used to facilitate treatment of common postoperative concerns conveniently at the bedside or in an office setting.Conclusion This article presents a review of the current applications of ultrasound imaging in the postoperative care of plastic and reconstructive surgery patients, including free flap monitoring following microsurgery, diagnosis and treatment of hematoma and seroma, including those associated with BIA-ALCL, and breast implant surveillance.