bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal Intake of Probiotics to Program Offspring Health
Authors: Cuinat Céline , Stinson Sara E. , Ward Wendy E. , Comelli Elena M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurpose of ReviewProbiotics intake may be considered beneficial by prospective and pregnant mothers, but their effects on offspring development are incompletely understood. The purpose of this review was to examine recent pre-clinical and clinical studies to understand how maternal probiotics exposure affects offspring health outcomes.Recent FindingsEffects were investigated in the context of supporting offspring growth, intestinal health, and gut microbiota, preventing allergic diseases, supporting neurodevelopment, and preventing metabolic disorders in pre-clinical and clinical studies. Most human studies focused on infancy outcomes, whereas pre-clinical studies also examined outcomes at adolescence and young adulthood. While still understudied, both pre-clinical and clinical studies propose epigenetic modifications as an underlying mechanism. Optimal timing of intervention remains unclear.SummaryAdministration of selected probiotics to mothers has programming potential for sustaining life-long health of offspring. Administration protocols, specific windows of susceptibility, and individual-specific responses need to be further studied.
FIUVV: Associations and Outcome
Authors: Alam Khurshid , Goswami Pradip , Joshi Tulika , Goswami Promeet 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo investigate the ultrasound characteristics, associations and obstetric outcomes in pregnancies with intra-abdominal umbilical vein varix of the fetus. This was a retrospective cohort study conducted over 2 years from March 2019 to February 2021. The data collected were demographic characteristics, varix characteristics, obstetric complications (fetal growth restriction/IUFD) and neonatal outcomes. Descriptive statistics (means, standard deviations, and percentages [%]) were calculated using SPSS, version 21.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, USA). Over the period of 2 years, six cases of FIUVV were diagnosed putting the incidence of FIUVV at 5/10000 pregnancies. The incidence of isolated FIUVV was 4.4/10000 cases. Mean gestational age at diagnosis was 25 weeks 3 days with earliest diagnosis at 19w1D. Mean varix size was 11.85 mm ± 2.28 mm (range 8.9–14.8 mm). No incidence of turbulence or thrombus formation within the varix was seen in the current study. One case had absent DV with anomalous drainage of the umbilical vein in to the IVC along with pleural effusion, polyhydramnios and increased nuchal fold thickness. Perinatal death after planned LSCS at term was noted in this pregnancy. One case had rapid dilatation of the varix from 9.5 at 19 weeks to 15.4 mm at 27 weeks. The patient reported sudden IUFD at 33 weeks. The association of FIUVV with the adverse obstetrical outcomes was seen in some cases during the current study. Increased surveillance to look for rapid dilatation/ turbulence/ thrombosis may prevent adverse perinatal outcomes.
Ultrabroad Microwave Absorption Ability and Infrared Stealth Property of Nano-Micro CuS@rGO Lightweight Aerogels
Authors: Wu Yue , Zhao Yue , Zhou Ming , Tan Shujuan , Peymanfar Reza , Aslibeiki Bagher , Ji Guangbin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDeveloping ultrabroad radar-infrared compatible stealth materials has turned into a research hotspot, which is still a problem to be solved. Herein, the copper sulfide wrapped by reduced graphene oxide to obtain three-dimensional (3D) porous network composite aerogels (CuS@rGO) were synthesized via thermal reduction ways (hydrothermal, ascorbic acid reduction) and freeze-drying strategy. It was discovered that the phase components (rGO and CuS phases) and micro/nano structure (microporous and nanosheet) were well-modified by modulating the additive amounts of CuS and changing the reduction ways, which resulted in the variation of the pore structure, defects, complex permittivity, microwave absorption, radar cross section (RCS) reduction value and infrared (IR) emissivity. Notably, the obtained CuS@rGO aerogels with a single dielectric loss type can achieve an ultrabroad bandwidth of 8.44 GHz at 2.8 mm with the low filler content of 6 wt% by a hydrothermal method. Besides, the composite aerogel via the ascorbic acid reduction realizes the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of − 60.3 dB with the lower filler content of 2 wt%. The RCS reduction value can reach 53.3 dB m2, which effectively reduces the probability of the target being detected by the radar detector. Furthermore, the laminated porous architecture and multicomponent endowed composite aerogels with thermal insulation and IR stealth versatility. Thus, this work offers a facile method to design and develop porous rGO-based composite aerogel absorbers with radar-IR compatible stealth.
Quantum Information Theory in Infinite Dimensions with Application to Optical Channels
Authors: Sharma Vinod , Shenoy Konchady Gautam 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInformation theory deals with the efficient representation of information sources as well as providing fundamental limits to the amount of information communicated reliably over channels. These sources and channels are generally classical, i.e., represented by standard probability distributions. Quantum information theory takes it to the next level where we allow for the sources as well as channels to be quantum. From the representation of quantum states to the communication over quantum channels, the theory not only essentially encapsulates classical information theoretic methods but also accounts for quantum effects such as superposition, entanglement, interference, etc. In this article, we will review and focus on the information theoretic analysis of quantum channels with infinite dimensions. Infinite dimensionality is needed to model quantum optical channels which are ubiquitous in today’s practical networks, distributed quantum communication and quantum internet. The infinite dimensionality introduces some unique problems when compared with finite-dimensional channels and has not been deeply explored in literature from the quantum information theoretic perspective. For these channels, we provide the essential concepts and state-of-the-art channel capacity results. To make this paper self-contained, we also recall the finite dimensional results.
Fine-mapping and association analysis of candidate genes for papilla number in sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus
Authors: Zhu Xinghai , Ni Ping , Sturrock Marc , Wang Yangfan , Ding Jun , Chang Yaqing , Hu Jingjie , Bao Zhenmin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe papilla number is one of the most economically important traits of sea cucumber in the China marketing trade. However, the genetic basis for papilla number diversity in holothurians is still scarce. In the present study, we conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for the trait papilla number of sea cucumbers utilizing a set of 400,186 high-quality SNPs derived from 200 sea cucumbers. Two significant trait-associated SNPs that passed Bonferroni correction (P < 1.25E−7) were located in the intergenic region near PATS1 and the genic region of EIF4G, which were reported to play a pivotal role in cell growth and proliferation. The fine-mapping regions around the top two lead SNPs provided precise causative loci/genes related to papilla formation and cellular activity, including PPP2R3C, GBP1, and BCAS3. Potential SNPs with P < 1E−4 were acquired for the following GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Moreover, the two lead SNPs were verified in another population of sea cucumber, and the expressive detection of three potential candidate genes PATS1, PPP2R3C, and EIF4G that near or cover the two lead SNPs was conducted in papilla tissue of TG (Top papilla number group) and BG (Bottom papilla number group) by qRT-PCR. We found the significantly higher expression profile of PATS1 (3.34-fold), PPP2R3C (4.90-fold), and EIF4G (4.23-fold) in TG, implying their potential function in papilla polymorphism. The present results provide valuable information to decipher the phenotype differences of the papilla trait and will provide a scientific basis for selective breeding in sea cucumbers.
Trends in Primary Anatomical Single-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Practice in Adult Patients Prevalent Among Arthroscopy Surgeons of Six Southern States of India
Authors: Pandey Vivek , Madi Sandesh , Thonse Chirag , Joseph Clement , Rajan David , Varughese Jacob , Thilak Jai , Jayaprasad P. S. , Acharya Kiran , Ramamurthy Krishna Gopal , Reddy Raghuveer , Amravathi Rajkumar , Rao Sharath , Gangavarapu Sridhar , Srinivas Moparthi , Jose Sujit , Sundararjan S. R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Although guidelines from multiple scientific studies decide the general trend in ACLR practice, there is often a variation between scientific guidelines and actual practice.

Methods
A 17-member committee comprised of sports surgeons with experience of a minimum of 10 years of arthroscopy surgery finalized a survey questionnaire consisting of concepts in ACL tear management and perioperative trends, intraoperative and post-operative practices regarding single-bundle anatomic ACLR. The survey questionnaire was mailed to 584 registered sports surgeons in six states of south India. A single, non-modifiable response was collected from each member and analyzed.

Results
324 responses were received out of 584 members. A strong consensus was present regarding Hamstring tendons preference for ACLR, graft diameter ≥ 7.5 mm, viewing femoral footprint through the anterolateral portal, drilling femoral tunnel from anteromedial portal guided by ridges and remnants of femoral footprint using a freehand technique, suspensory devices to fix the graft in femur and interference screw in the tibia and post-operative bracing. A broad consensus was achieved in using a brace to minimize symptoms of instability of an ACL tear and antibiotic soaking of graft. There was no consensus regarding the timing of ACLR, preferred graft in athletes, pre-tensioning, extra-articular procedure, and return to sports. There was disagreement over hybrid tibial fixation and suture tapes to augment graft.

Conclusion
Diverse practices continue to prevail in the management of ACL injuries. However, some of the consensuses reached in this survey match global practices. Contrasting or inconclusive practices should be explored for potential future research.
Plan for healthy neighborhoods to improve mental wellbeing: a pilot study in Fresno, California
Authors: Dong Hongwei , Li Ming , Perez Miguel A. , Wang Chih-Hao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBy using data collected from a self-administered survey, this study evaluates the variation of mental wellbeing between individuals and neighborhoods and its personal and neighborhood determinants in Fresno, California. It reveals the disparities of mental wellbeing, physical activity, and neighborhood environment between disadvantaged and non-disadvantaged neighborhoods in Fresno. Residents in disadvantaged neighborhoods report slightly lower levels of mental wellbeing and physical activity, significantly weaker neighborhood social capital, and much lower neighborhood environment quality. Our path analysis suggests that outdoor physical activity and perceived neighborhood social capital are the only two factors that influence mental wellbeing after controlling for personal socioeconomics and personality. Neither perceived nor objectively measured neighborhood environmental factors show significant and direct impacts on mental wellbeing. Neighborhood environment, however, shows indirect associations with mental wellbeing through their correlations with outdoor physical activity and perceived neighborhood social capital.
“The Vision of Daniel” from the St. Petersburg Genizah
Authors: Ben-Sasson Menahem 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article includes translation of a “new” Vision of Daniel as it survived, albeit incomplete. It reflects a “meeting point” between three monotheistic religions in the ninth and tenth centuries CE. A comparative study of the work enables the reconstruction of its missing parts. The Vision may have been composed in the area where al-Muʿtaṣim battled Theophilos in the 830s CE, namely, northern Syria and southeastern Anatolia. An “updated” appendix was added around 1000 CE. Towards the end of the Vision, exact times are replaced with “flexible times,” a moderate expression of the cosmic changes found in similar eschatological works. The two anti-messiahs described, constructed as integrations of Jewish-Christian-Muslim traditions of the apocalyptical devils, reflect the shifting identities of messianic figures, who will reveal themselves once again (Parousia), albeit as demonic antichrists. One of the two is an inversion of the Christian image of Moses/Jesus, whereas the second is Armilus.
A New Model of Solar Ultraviolet Irradiance Variability With 0.1–0.5 nm Spectral Resolution
Authors: Lean J. L. , Coddington O. , Marchenko S. V. , DeLand M. T. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObservations of solar irradiance made from space since 2003 with 0.1 nm spectral resolution at wavelengths from 115 to 310 nm and 0.5 nm spectral resolution at wavelengths from 260 to 500 nm are used to construct a new model, NRLSSI2h, of solar irradiance variability with higher spectral resolution than the 1 nm NRLSSI2 model used to specify the NOAA Solar Irradiance Climate Data Record. The new model better resolves irradiance variability in specific emission and absorption features that are directly attributable to atoms and molecules in the Sun’s atmosphere. Singularly prominent is spectral irradiance variability at 379–389 nm, dominated by the CN molecular band system; irradiance in this 10 nm band increased 0.078 W m−2 during solar cycle 23, contributing 4.6% of the 1.7 W m−2 concurrent total solar irradiance increase. Irradiance variability at wavelengths from 300 to 400 nm, a region dominated by multiple spectral features, is a factor of 2–5 smaller in the new model than estimated by semiempirical models that use radiative transfer codes to calculate the contrasts of faculae and sunspots, which alter the temperature‐dependent densities of these species relative to the surrounding continuum. Solar atmosphere temperature and composition profiles in radiative transfer models may therefore not be realistic or their atomic and molecular databases may be incomplete. Improved colocation of spectral features in solar irradiance and the absorption cross sections of molecular oxygen and ozone with the new model may allow higher fidelity calculations of energy deposition in Earth’s atmosphere.
Interhemispheric Asymmetry of the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) on the African Sector Over 3 Years (2014–2016): Effects of Thermospheric Meridional Winds
Authors: Loutfi A. , Pitout F. , Bounhir A. , Benkhaldoun Z. , Makela J. J. , Abamni S. , Zyane K. , Elfakhiri A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObservations made by the Langmuir probes on board the Swarm satellites and the Fabry–Perot interferometer installed at the Oukaimeden Observatory in Morocco have been systematically analyzed to study the effect of geomagnetic activity on the thermosphere–ionosphere system over 3 years. The annual variation of the electron density (Ne) shows that during the day, the ionospheric density starts to increase at midlatitudes, with a single crest between 8 LT and 12 LT. It is also noticeable that the double crest structure is present between 12 LT and 00 LT: symmetric from 12 LT to 20 LT and asymmetric from 20 LT to 24 LT. Observations show strong seasonal variations, with Ne being lower around the June solstice. We have noticed the semiannual anomaly: Ne is higher around equinox than around solstice. For solstice seasons, the asymmetries in Ne are stronger at the December solstice than at the June solstice. For equinox seasons, we can notice equinoctial symmetry in all local time sectors, meaning that the same trend is observed for both equinoxes with or without symmetrical crests. The effect of meridional neutral winds on equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crests have been classified during both quiet and disturbed conditions. Over the studied region, the southward meridional winds have the tendency to enhance the northern crest of the EIA during quiet time and in a more pronounced way during geomagnetically disturbed conditions. Finally, we have quantified the relations between the thermospheric neutral winds data and the EIA by introducing an asymmetrical index.
Global Magnetohydrodynamic Magnetosphere Simulation With an Adaptively Embedded Particle‐In‐Cell Model
Authors: Wang Xiantong , Chen Yuxi , Tóth Gábor 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe perform a geomagnetic event simulation using a newly developed magnetohydrodynamic with adaptively embedded particle‐in‐cell (MHD‐AEPIC) model. We have developed effective criteria to identify reconnection sites in the magnetotail and cover them with the PIC model. The MHD‐AEPIC simulation results are compared with Hall MHD and ideal MHD simulations to study the impacts of kinetic reconnection at multiple physical scales. At the global scale, the three models produce very similar SYM‐H and SuperMag Electrojet indexes, which indicates that the global magnetic field configurations from the three models are very close to each other. We also compare the ionospheric solver results and all three models generate similar polar cap potentials and field‐aligned currents. At the mesoscale, we compare the simulations with in situ Geotail observations in the tail. All three models produce reasonable agreement with the Geotail observations. At the kinetic scales, the MHD‐AEPIC simulation can produce a crescent shape distribution of the electron velocity space at the electron diffusion region, which agrees very well with MMS observations near a tail reconnection site. These electron scale kinetic features are not available in either the Hall MHD or ideal MHD models. Overall, the MHD‐AEPIC model compares well with observations at all scales, it works robustly, and the computational cost is acceptable due to the adaptive adjustment of the PIC domain. It remains to be determined whether kinetic physics can play a more significant role in other types of events, including but not limited to substorms.
Recovering Surface Slip Distribution Along the Sertengshan Piedmont Fault (Northern China) From Airborne LiDAR Data
Authors: Bi Haiyun , Zheng Wenjun , Zhang Peizhen , Zeng Jiangyuan , Shao Yanxiu , Yao Yunsheng , Lei Qiyun , Peng Hui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSlip from paleoearthquakes is preserved in geomorphology in the form of displaced landforms. By recovering the surface slip distribution of displaced landforms along a fault, we can constrain the earthquake rupture histories and recurrence characteristics on the fault, thus benefiting seismic hazard assessment. In this study, 1‐m‐resolution airborne Light Detection and Ranging data were obtained along about 185 km of the Sertengshan Piedmont Fault, which is a dip‐slip normal fault located at the northern margin of the Hetao Graben around the Ordos Block in Northern China. A total of 601 vertical displacements were measured on different geomorphic surfaces along the fault strike. Through statistical analysis of the displacement measurements, it is inferred that at least five to seven large earthquakes have ruptured this fault, displaying a remarkably regular slip increment of ∼2 m. Compared with the slip, the recurrence intervals of paleoearthquakes exposed by previous paleoseismic excavations are less regular, which may be due to the different recording capacity of geomorphic and paleoseismic markers. By recovering the surface slip distributions of several recent events, we identified several large full‐rupture earthquakes that may have broken two adjacent segments together and smaller partial‐rupture events that have ruptured only a part of the segment, thus suggesting a bimodal rupture behavior for the fault. Our estimates indicate that rupturing of the Sertengshan Piedmont Fault may yield a large earthquake of Mw 7.1–7.5, leading to significant seismic hazards in the densely populated Hetao Graben area.
Barking up the Right Tree: Using Tree Bark to Track Airborne Particles in School Environment and Link Science to Society
Authors: Leite A. d. S. , Rousse S. , Léon J.‐F. , Trindade R. I. F. , Haoues‐Jouve S. , Carvallo C. , Dias‐Alves M. , Proietti A. , Nardin E. , Macouin M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChildren's exposure to air pollution affects both their health and learning skills. Fine and ultrafine particulate matter (PM2.5, PM1), notably issued from traffic sources in urban centers, belong to the most potential harmful health hazards. However their monitoring and the society's awareness on their dangers need to be consolidated. In this study, raising teacher and pupil involvement for air quality improvement in their schools environment is reached through developing a passive monitoring technique (bio‐sensors made of tree bark). The experiment was implemented in two urban elementary schools situated close to a main traffic road of the city of Toulouse (South of France). Magnetic properties, carbonaceous fraction measurements, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM‐EDX) investigations were realized both on passive bio‐sensors and filters issued from active sampling. We find that traffic is the main PM1 source for both outdoors and indoors at schools. Higher levels of outdoor PM in the school's environments compared to urban background are reached especially in the cold period. The schools proximity to a main traffic source and lack of ventilation are the main causes for observed PM1 accumulation in classrooms. The co‐working experiment with educational teams and pupils shows that the use of bio‐sensors is a driver for children empowerment to air pollution and therefore represents a potential key tool for the teachers though limiting eco‐anxiety. As PM accumulation is observed in many scholar environments across Europe, the proposed methodology is a step toward a better assessment of PM impact on pupil's health and learning skills.
Stability Characteristics of the Mesopause Region Above the Andes
Authors: Yang Fan , Liu Alan Z. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe report a detailed analysis of atmospheric stabilities in the mesopause region (85–100 km) based on over 2,000 hr of high‐resolution temperature and horizontal wind measurements made with a Na lidar at the Andes Lidar Observatory, located in Cerro Pachón, Chile (30.25°S, 70.74°W). The square of Brunt–Väisälä frequency and the Richardson number are calculated, and occurrence probabilities of convective and dynamic instabilities are derived. An approach to assess the biases due to measurement uncertainties is used to obtain more accurate occurrence probabilities. The overall occurrence probabilities of convective and dynamic instabilities are 2.7% and 6.7%, respectively. High‐, medium‐, and low‐ frequency gravity wave (GW) contributions to these probabilities are isolated, which show that the high‐frequency GWs contribute most but simultaneous presence of high‐ and medium frequency GWs is much more effective in increasing the probabilities. Convective and dynamic instabilities are mainly generated because of the joint effect of different‐scale GWs. Isolated parts of GWs have much less contribution to the generation of both convective and dynamic instabilities. The dynamic instability is mainly contributed from less stable stratification and large wind shear together. Either factor can lead to about 15% of dynamic instability.