bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Students and Teachers of the State University of Chișinău, 1946-1987: Mentalities, Daily Life and Ideology
Authors: Caşu Igor 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The article takes a longue durée perspective on the history of the State University in Chișinău. More exactly, it sheds new light on the relations between students and the teaching staff at the first Moldavian Bessarabian university created by the Soviet regime in the aftermath of World War II. Based on new archival documents, it revolves around three main subtopics. The one focused on mentalities, the second one on everyday life, and the third one on ideology. The article tackles sensitives issues such as amoral or illegal actions by both students and professors, including corruption affairs and sexual scandals, how the Communist regime dealt with them and how these phenomena are connected to the ultimate goal, and failure, of the Soviet higher education, in creating the New (Wo)Man.
Knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about electroconvulsive therapy among Polish students
Authors: Gędek Adam , Materna Michał , Święcicki Łukasz 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective and safe treatment for many mental disorders. Nevertheless, the attitudes towards ECT are negative and the use of this method in Poland is decreasing.

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the general knowledge and attitudes towards electroconvulsive therapy among Polish university students, including students of medicine, psychology and other faculties.

Material and methods: An original online questionnaire containing 39 questions was used, distributed through student groups on social networking sites. A total of 418 questionnaires were completed. The collected data were statistically analyzed.

Results: Significant knowledge gaps and negative beliefs about electroconvulsive therapy were observed among Polish students. Medical and psychology students had more extensive knowledge and more positive beliefs about this method of treatment than students of other faculties. Greater knowledge of the therapy was associated with a more positive attitude towards it. The main source of knowledge about ECT for students of medicine and psychology were lectures and courses, and for students of other faculties – movies. Students, who considered psychiatry as their future specialization, had less knowledge and a more negative attitude towards ECT, relative to the rest of the respondents.

Conclusions: There is a need for educational interventions that will change the way how ECT is perceived both in the public opinion and in the medical community. An effective solution to low levels of knowledge for medical students may be the observation of the procedure included in the study programme.
The interaction between stress and metabolic disruption in student population – preliminary study
Authors: Rog Joanna , Rząd Zuzanna , Karakuła-Juchnowicz Hanna 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Approximately 26% of individuals between 18 and 24 years old are overweight or obese, and the number of persons with excessive body mass index (BMI) is growing. Obesity increases the risk of metabolic disruptions, which is well connected with mental health problems. Stressful situations, including entering adulthood and starting university education, affect food choices negatively. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between psychological stress and body composition in the student population.

Materials and methods: The study group consisted of 80 students (76% of women and 24% of men) between 19 and 28 years old from universities in Lublin. To determine anthropometric measurement (fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), total body water (TBW), intracellular (ICF) and extracellular (ECF) fluids), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method was applied. The severity of stress symptoms was measured using Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10).

Results: When it comes to 41.25% of participants, they used relaxation techniques, mainly meditation, yoga practice and walking. Most students had optimal body weight. While 60% of individuals had high stress levels. The perceived stress was not related to using the relaxation methods. Individuals with the high stress severity were characterized by lower: TBW, ECF and ICF expressed in liters, and lower FFM represented in kilograms. The inverse relationship between the severity of stress and the aforementioned parameters was also detected (p<0.05).

Conclusions: Implementing appropriate healt h education programs to prevent negat ive changes in ant hropometric measurements, psychological stress, and their health-related consequences in the student population should be considered.
The 2016 Vietnam marine life incident: measures of subjective resilience and livelihood implications for affected small-fishery communities
Authors: Ty Pham Huu , Marçon Raphaël , Bayrak Mucahid Mustafa , Phuong Le Thi Hong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In April 2016, four provinces of Vietnam were struck by one of the largest manmade environmental incidents in Vietnam. Through a discharge of toxic chemicals by Formosa Ha Tinh Steel Corporation, oceanic waters along Vietnam’s central coast were severely polluted. Consequently, the livelihoods of over 510,000 people living in coastal communities were severely affected by the Formosa Ha Tinh Steel Corporation incident (FHS incident). This study focusses on ex-ante and ex-post differences in livelihoods, and the subjective resilience of small-fishery households affected by the FHS incident in Hải Dương commune, a small coastal community, in central Vietnam. This was done through a qualitative analysis of livelihood strategies and resilience capacities of the affected households. Semi-structured interviews (n = 30), expert interviews (n = 3) and secondary data analysis were conducted from March to May 2018 employing a case study approach. Results show that the level of subjective resilience was strongly affected by a combination of social, financial, and human capitals. The presence, or lack, of these capitals combined with contextual factors influenced the livelihood strategies a household could pursue. Households that were able to pursue a combination of intensifying and diversifying livelihood strategies were most successful in recovering from and adjusting to the environmental incident. Households with restrained access to livelihood capitals were limited to intensifying livelihood strategies, having no real other option than persistence and increased dependence on government subsidies. Lastly, migration as a livelihood strategy and subsequent transformative resilience capacities remained generally low.
Groundwater quality testing in the area of municipal waste landfill sites in Dąbrowa Górnicza (southern Poland)
Authors: Łukasik Martyna , Dąbrowska Dominika 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Groundwater quality assessment for pollution can be undertaken with the use of indicators that will confirm or deny the negative impact of potential pollution sources. Based on water quality monitoring data from the Lipówka I and Lipówka II municipal landfill sites in Dąbrowa Górnicza from the last five years, the water quality in the area was assessed using the Nemerow Pollution Index (NPI) method. Seven parameters were assessed – pH, electrical conductivity, and the concentrations of chlorides, sulphates, ammonium ions, boron and iron. The limits for class III water quality were used as the reference level. The results of the NPI calculations show that the highest indices were obtained for the piezometers PZ5 and T5 located in the outflow of the water from the Lipówka I landfill site. The highest values of the Nemerow index were obtained for ammonium ions and reached a value of over 36 in the PZ5 piezometer and 17 in the T5 piezometer. The other parameters did not indicate a significant impact of the landfill sites on the quality of groundwater. The highest values of the indicators were observed in 2017. It is worth noting that, apart from the large differences in the content of ammonium ions, the values of the Nemerow indices for the electrical conductivity specifically for the PZ5 piezometer are twice as high as for the other piezometers and four times higher than for boron. The Nemerow index is a useful and easy method of assessing the quality of groundwater. It can even be used for a small number of parameters.
University campuses as agents for urban change
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed M.S. , Ukai Tetsuya 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Thanks to the leading role of universities in cities as knowledge and innovation hubs, many cities rely on their universities to face their economic and social challenges. On the other hand, universities need their cities to fulfil the capacity needed to satisfy student and staff needs for services and facilities. Therefore, the university-city relationship is considered to be intercorrelated and overlapping. However, due to the need for expansion, universities tend to move out and build larger campuses causing different trends of studentification and de-studentification in the city. These trends impact a city’s urban growth and transformation over time. This study analyses the impact of four different campuses of Kyushu University from 1993 to 2017 to understand the morphological impact of old and new campuses on their surroundings. A spacematrix and a mixed-use index were used to produce raster maps that helped to visualize temporal trends of urban density and the mixed use of functions in areas surrounding campuses. Results have shown that moved out campuses have the potential to impact the surrounding mixed use of functions. However, new campuses have the potential to impact a city’s urban density, therefore, trends in de-studentification can impact the campus-city functional relationship. Conversely, studentification trends can impact the campus-city physical relationship. Thus, university campuses could be considered as indirect agents that contribute to the urban physical and functional change of the city.
Spontaneous flora of O.V. Fomin Botanical Garden of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Authors: Shynder Oleksandr I. , Kolomiychuk Vitaliy P. , Melezhyk Olga V. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
For the first time we compiled a full checklist of the spontaneous flora of O.V. Fomin Botanical Garden of Taras Shevchenko National University, Kyiv. Native (281) and alien (243) taxa of the flora were analyzed. Among the alien species there are 115 xenophytes (including 71 archaeophytes and 44 neophytes), 128 ergasiophygophytes (including 3 archaeophytes and 125 neophytes). Four species of alien plants were listed for the first time for the flora of Ukraine: Arabis procurrens, Lactuca sibirica, Polanisia dodecandra subsp. trachysperma and Talinum paniculatum. It was found that the alien fraction of the flora is dominated by a stable component (54.7%), and among the ergasiophygophytes, most taxa (86.3%) are unstable components. Among the native plants, those species with a polyregional distribution predominate. This ratio is typical for transformed flora that have lost their natural structure. Among the alien species, the majority are sub-Mediterranean (43.6%), American (23.9%) and Asian (18.1%) in origin. In the biomorphological structure of the species of native plants perennial grasses predominate (65.3%), among xenophytes - annual grasses are dominant (74.8%), and among ergasiophygophytes perennial grasses predominate (43.8%). But despite the large number of alien plants in the botanical garden, their invasion can be mostly contained. The most widespread invasive plant is Parthenocissus vitacea, in addition, a number of potentially invasive plants need monitoring, in particular Parietaria officinalis, Phytolacca acinosa, Thladiantha dubia and some others. In addition, there is a list of introductions which have high naturalization rates and over time could replenish the composition of the spontaneous flora.
The scars of war: A programme for the identification of the environmental effects of Word War II bombings for the purposes of spatial management in the Koźle Basin, Poland
Authors: Waga Jan M. , Fajer Maria , Szypuła Bartłomiej 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Poland’s Koźle Basin contains numerous craters created from the explosions of World War II aerial bombs as well as craters left by unexploded ordnance. The state of the local environment has been severely affected. This situation presents an obstacle to spatial management of the land to this day. This research programme studied the distribution of postmilitary anthropogenic geohazards in the area. It was intended to help to indicate the appropriate courses of action, including in the field of spatial planning, in the areas affected by former bombing. Desk studies focused on photo-interpretive analysis of archival aerial photographs and took advantage of the potential of high-resolution shaded relief rasters created from digital terrain models derived from LiDAR scanning. Field studies used classic geomorphological methods. Studies conducted so far in the bombed areas indicate the necessity of carrying out systematic, anticipatory, accurate surveys of the land and soil surface with the use of geophysical methods. Currently, the traces identified in the field suggest that the amount of unexploded ordnance remaining in the ground is very large.
Prevalence and Phylodiversity of ESBL-Producing Coliforms Isolated from Ruminant Mastitis in Nigeria
Authors: Anueyiagu K. N. , Agusi E. R. , Audu B. J. , Achi L. Ch. , Ayanbimpe G. M. , Ikeh E. I. , Kamani J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The public health threat posed by Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing E. coli (ESBL-EC) in food animal production systems has attracted global attention. Data on the prevalence, diversity and genetic characteristics of ESBL-producing coliforms are key to advocacy on promoting responsible antimicrobial stewardship and proper planning of control strategies. The coliforms were isolated from 1052 milk samples of 160 cows, 103 ewes and 103 does with mastitis in Plateau State, Nigeria and analysed for ESBL production by phenotypic, biochemical, antimicrobial sensitivity and genetic characterization. The percentage of occurrence of clinical mastitis in cows, ewes, and does were 0.2 %, 0 %, 1.5 % respectively, while the percentage occur-rence of subclinical mastitis in ruminants were 18.1 %, 28.2 % and 38.3 % respectively. From the 677 isolates, 31.3 % (n = 212) were ESBL producing coliforms, with a prevalence of 48.6 %, 18.4 %, 12.7 %, 8.9 %, 5.7 %, 3.8 % and 1.9 % for E. coli, K. pneumoniae, C. freundii, K. aerogenes, S. marcescens, K. oxytoca and E. cloacae, respectively. The genetic characterization revealed a higher prevalence of bla
CTX-M than bla
TEM in the samples analysed (24.39 % vs. 12.19 %). High pairwise identity was observed among the bla
CTX-M and bla
TEM gene sequences obtained in this study, but they displayed high phylodiversity with sequences from ruminants and humans from other climes. The bla
SHV gene was not detected. Multidrug resistances especially to the commonly used antimicrobials; ofloxacin, gentamycin and streptomycin in veterinary practice in Nigeria were observed. This has public health implications considering the fact that consumption of raw unpasteurized milk is a common practice in some cultures in Nigeria. Such practise will facilitate the transfer of multidrug resistant coliforms to humans resulting in the complications of treatment outcomes. To the best of our knowledge this is the first genetic characterization of ESBL-producing agents from ruminant mastitis in Nigeria.
Deworming Schemes’ Efficacy for Adult Dogs with Mixed Gastro-Intestinal Helminthoses
Authors: Saichenko I. , Antipov A. , Bakhur T. , Bezditko L. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Mixed gastrointestinal helminthoses, which combines Toxocara canis, Trichuris (T.) vulpis, Toxascaris leoninа, Uncinaria stenocephala, Ancylostoma caninum, and Dipylidium caninum in various combinations, are very common pets’ problems worldwide. It is unlikely necessary to choose between 100 % efficiency and for the patient’s body to heal the infected animals safely. The present work aims to develop an affordable scheme for adult dogs’ deworming, which will create a minimum load on the body due to the low drugs’ toxicity. Mixed breed dogs, 1—5 years old, representing both sexes, spontaneously infected with T. vulpis (100 % prevalence) in combination with other gastrointestinal helminths (from 12.7 to 45.1 %) were selected for study. Regimens combining Caniquantel® Plus (fenbendazole + praziquantel) and fenbendazole with a 24-hour interval were tested. After a single treatment of experimental animals with Caniquantel® Plus, no helminth eggs were detected in their faeces after three days, except for T. vulpis. Seven days after the start of the experiment, the intensity of infection of this nematode decreased by only 22.0 % (P < 0.001). Bodies and fragments of dead helminths were found in faeces 1—4 days after de-worming, with T. vulpis isolated only in 2 days in small quantities (4.54 ± 0.21 specimens per 100 g of faeces). Two-stage deworming with Caniquantel® Plus and fenbendazole after 24 hours resulted in 100 % efficiency against eggs of all parasites after five days. Helminths’ bodies stopped excreting after four days, and T. vulpis was detected within three days in substantive quantities (from 10.03 ± 0.45 to 36.8 ± 1.2 specimens per 100 g of faeces).
Observations on Some Biological Characteristics of Rhipicephalus sanguineus Sensu Lato (Acari: Ixodidae) Under Natural and Laboratory Conditions in Nigeria
Authors: Kamani J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (s. l.) is a globally distributed tick of medical and veterinary significance. This study reports some observations on the biological characteristic of the brown dog ticks kept under natural and laboratory conditions in Nigeria. Variation in biological parameters was observed within the Nigerian R. sanguineus s. l. population kept under various conditions. A higher number of R. sanguineus exhibited the type 1 oviposition pattern than the type 2 pattern. The type 1 pattern was observed in 84.2 % and 80 % of R. sanguineus s. l. reared under laboratory and natural conditions, respectively. The pre-oviposition period was significantly shorter in ticks maintained under laboratory conditions than under natural conditions. Similarly, ticks kept under laboratory conditions laid significantly more eggs with higher egg mass weight than ticks kept under natural conditions. Furthermore, the incubation period and the total weight loss by female ticks throughout the oviposition period differed significantly between the two groups (P < 0.05). The engorged R. sanguineus s. l. females kept at 4 °C survived for up to 21 days and remained viable producing fertile eggs. Egg of R. sanguineus s. l. kept at 4 °C for up to 63 days retain viability and were able to hatch to larvae after variable incubation periods when returned to ambient temperatures depending on the duration of storage at 4 °C. The results showed that the tropical lineage of the brown dog tick can survive and remain fecund at low temperatures, suggesting that it can be translocated and established in temperate regions.
Potential Role of Agrimonia eupatoria L. Extract in Cell Protection Against Toxicity Induced by Bisphenol A
Authors: Marcinčáková D. , Kolesárová M. , Falis M. , Horn Ch. , Miłek M. , Legáth J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study is to reveal the potentially protective role of ethanolic extract of agrimony (Agrimonia eupatoria L.) against the cytotoxic effect of bisphenol A (BPA) in vitro, using an intestinal porcine epithelial cell line (IPEC-1). The cells were exposed to different concentrations of BPA: 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 µg.ml–1 alone and in combination with agrimony extract (250 µg.ml–1). The proliferative cell response was monitored for 72 h by a xCELLigence system or real-time cell analyser (RTCA), recorded as the cell index (CI) and expressed as a proliferative activity (% PA) compared to the control cells without treatment. The metabolic activity was measured by a MTS colorimetric test, performed after 48 h of treatment with the tested substances. The cytotoxic effect on cells exposed to BPA alone, in comparison to the control cells without treatment, was observed in both assays (P < 0.0001). It was confirmed that BPA reduces both the metabolic activity and the proliferation of cells. After the cell treatment with agrimony, the metabolic activity had increased to reach over the control (101.52 %), while reducing the proliferation of the cells. The protective role of agrimony against cytotoxicity caused by BPA was observed after cell treatment with agrimony in combination with lower concentrations of BPA (12.5; 25 and 50 µg.ml–1). The slight improvement in the adherence was observed in cells treated with these combinations, in comparison to the cells treated with BPA alone. On the other hand, the metabolic activity was slightly improved in cells treated with a combination of agrimony and BPA at higher concentrations (50 a 100 µg.ml–1). This supported our assumption that agrimony can protect a model organism against cytotoxicity caused by BPA.
Vaccines for Lyme Borreliosis: Facts and Challenges
Authors: Bodnárová S. , Čížková D. , Hudáková N. , Mangesh Bhide M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Lyme borreliosis (LB) is a multisystem infectious disease abundant in the northern countries of the world and is caused by Borrelia species. Vaccination against LB is an effective way to prevent and reduce the number of diseases in endemic areas. Several vaccines have been developed and tested in the past, but no human LB vaccine is currently available on the market. This review aims to uncover and delineate various strategies and diverse technological approaches related to vaccine production. Furthermore, we characterize already tested vaccines, possibilities for their future development, and reasons for their failure.
Zearalenone Biodegradation by the Lactobacillus Spp. and Bacillus Spp. In Vitro
Authors: Harčárová M. , Čonková E. , Naď P. , Proškovcová M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this study, the biodegradation of zearalenone (ZEN) by cell suspensions of various Lactobacillus species (Lb. fermentum 2I3 (L1), Lb. reuteri L26 (L3), Lb. plantarum L81 (L4), Lb. reuteri 2/6 (L5), Lb. plantarum CCM 1904 (L6)), Bacillus subtilis CCM 2794 (Bs), and Bacillus licheniformis CCM 2206 (Bl); was investigated in vitro. All lactobacilli cell suspensions showed very good degradation efficiency (57.9—100 %) for zearalenone at the concentration 0.01 ppm. At higher concentrations of zearalenone, their biodegradation activity decreased significantly (0—13.9 %). Bacillus subtilis CCM 2794 was able to degrade zearalenone at concentrations of: 0.01 ppm (100 %), 0.1 ppm (74.5 %), and at higher concentrations of ZEN (1 ppm; 10 ppm), the degradation was 11.7 % and 0 %, respectively. For Bacillus licheniformis CCM 2206, no biodegradation of zearalenone was observed at the concentration of 10 ppm, but slight degradation (4.5—8.8 %) was found at lower zearalenone concentrations.