bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prolonged Opioid Use Among Opioid-Naive Women Undergoing Breast Reconstructive Surgery
Authors: Samuel Ankhita R. , Fuhr Laura , DeGeorge Brent R. , Black Jonathan , Campbell Christopher , Stranix John T. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background Patients that undergo mastectomy for breast cancer with reconstruction may be prone to prolonged opioid use. As risk factors are not well-established, this article sought to better understand the risk factors that may be associated with this.
Methods Patients that underwent breast reconstruction between 2010 and 2018 were identified in PearlDiver, a national insurance claims database. Patient demographics and comorbidities were elucidated, and various complications were then identified. Descriptive statistics as well as a multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the association of risk factors and complications.
Results Breast reconstruction patients of 24,765 were identified from this database. Obesity, tobacco use, benzodiazepine use, and anticonvulsant use were all associated with prolonged opioid prescriptions greater than 90 days after both alloplastic and autologous reconstruction.
Conclusion Prolonged opioid use continues to remain a topic of concern, and particularly in cancer patients that undergo breast reconstruction. Providers should be aware of potential risk factors for this to reduce this chance following breast reconstruction surgery.
Dynamic Upper Eyelid Reconstruction for Total Periorbital Soft Tissue Loss
Authors: Vathulya Madhubari , Manohar Nishank , Jagtap Manish Pradip , Mago Vishal , Jayaprakash Praveen A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTotal eyelid defect comprises full-thickness loss of both upper and lower eyelids in a patient. It is a rare and devastating condition with serious implications related to vision, which mandates early and functional reconstruction when associated with intact globe. The primary goal is to give a stable coverage for orbital protection but at the same time provide a functional reconstruction of the defect, to allow for adequate mobility of the eyelids so that the patient's vision is restored to normal with minimal disability. When the defect is massive, and in the absence of loco-regional flaps, microvascular tissue transfer is needed. In this report we describe a radial-artery-based microvascular tissue transfer with a unique innovation utilizing the contralateral frontalis muscle to reconstruct a case of unilateral total upper and lower eyelid loss.
Midface Infection after COVID-19 Vaccination in a Patient with Calcium Hydroxylapatite Dermal Filler: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Jeon Hong Bae , Yoon Jae Hee , Lim Nam Kyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe emergence of vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) raises risk of possible adverse events from interaction between the vaccines and facial aesthetic care. A 47-year-old female with no medical comorbidities visited our emergency room due to midface painful swelling after 3 hours following receiving the second dose of the messenger RNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine. About 14 years ago, she underwent nonsurgical augmentation on the nasojugal groove with a calcium hydroxylapatite dermal filler. We performed incision and drainage under general anesthesia on the next day. During operation, yellowish pus-like materials bulged out. After an operation, we performed a combination therapy with antibiotics and methylprednisolone. Her symptoms improved day by day after surgery, and then a complete recovery was achieved at 3 weeks after the treatment. In conclusion, providers of aesthetic procedures are to be aware of the potential risks of such vaccines for patients who already had or seek to receive dermal filler injections.
Gluteus Maximus Muscle Flap in Tongue in Groove and Wrap Around Pattern for Refractory CSF Leakage in Extradural Cyst Patient
Authors: Park Kyong Chan , Lee Jun Ho , Shim Jae Jun , Lee Hyun Ju , Choi Hwan Jun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSpinal extradural arachnoid cyst (SEAC) is a rare disease and has surgical challenges because of the critical surrounding anatomy. We describe the rare case of a 58-year-old woman who underwent extradural cyst total excision with dural repair and presented with refractory cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage even though two consecutive surgeries including dural defect re-repair and lumbar-peritoneal shunt were performed. The authors covered the sacral defect using bilateral gluteus maximus muscle flap in tongue in groove and wrap around pattern for protection of visible sacral nerve roots and blockage of CSF leakage point. With the flap coverage, the disappearance of cyst and fluid collection was confirmed in the postoperative radiological finding, and the clinical symptoms were significantly improved. By protecting the sacral nerve roots and covering the base of sacral defect, we can minimize the risk of complication and resolve the refractory fluid collection. Our results suggest that the gluteus muscle flap can be a safe and effective option for sacral defect and CSF leakage in extradural cyst or other conditions.
Reconstruction of Pharyngolaryngeal Defects with the Ileocolon Free Flap: A Comprehensive Review and How to Optimize Outcomes
Authors: Escandón Joseph M. , Santamaría Eric , Prieto Peter A. , Duarte-Bateman Daniela , Ciudad Pedro , Pencek Megan , Langstein Howard N. , Chen Hung-Chi , Manrique Oscar J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSeveral reconstructive methods have been reported to restore the continuity of the aerodigestive tract following resection of pharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers. However, high complication rates have been reported after voice prosthesis insertion. In this setting, the ileocolon free flap (ICFF) offers a tubularized flap for reconstruction of the hypopharynx while providing a natural phonation tube. Herein, we systematically reviewed the current evidence on the use of the ICFF for reconstruction of the aerodigestive tract. A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed MEDLINE, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Ovid MEDLINE(R). Data on the technical considerations and surgical and functional outcomes were extracted. Twenty-one studies were included. The mean age and follow-up were 54.65 years and 24.72 months, respectively. An isoperistaltic or antiperistaltic standard ICFF, patch flap, or chimeric seromuscular-ICFF can be used depending on the patients' needs. The seromuscular chimeric flap is useful to augment the closure of the distal anastomotic site. The maximum phonation time, frequency, and sound pressure level (dB) were higher with ileal segments of 7 to 15 cm. The incidence of postoperative leakage ranged from 0 to 13.3%, and the majority was occurring at the coloesophageal junction. The revision rate of the microanastomosis ranged from 0 to 16.6%. The ICFF provides a reliable and versatile alternative for reconstruction of middle-size defects of the aerodigestive tract. Its three-dimensional configuration and functional anatomy encourage early speech and deglutition without a prosthetic valve and minimal donor-site morbidity.
Reverse Facial-submental Artery Island Flap with Reinnervation of the Anterior Belly of the Digastric Muscle
Authors: Sakuma Hisashi , Takemaru Masashi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractReconstruction of the upper lateral lip subunit is challenging, and use of several classical local flaps have been previously reported. However, these methods have drawbacks such as visible scarring, anatomic distortion, and functional disability. To obtain satisfactory results, preservation of perioral function is important. We report a case of functional upper lip reconstruction after tumor resection using a reverse facial-submental artery island flap with a reinnervated anterior belly of the digastric muscle (ABDM) without sacrificing the perioral structure. A 73-year-old man presented with basal cell carcinoma on the left upper lip which was widely excised, including the orbicularis oris muscle. The remaining 4 cm × 3.5 cm defect was reconstructed using a reverse facial-submental artery island flap with ipsilateral ABDM. The motor nerve of the ABDM was sutured with the stump of the buccal branch of the ipsilateral facial nerve. The postoperative course was uneventful, and good functional and esthetic recovery were observed at 12-month follow-up. This procedure may be an alternative option for reconstruction of lateral upper lip defects.
Acquired Cutis Laxa on the Upper Eyelids and Earlobes: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Katsuren Kyoko , Kuba Ryogo , Kasai Shogo , Shimizu Yusuke 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAcquired cutis laxa is a rare disease. Owing to few reports on the condition, no statistical data have been produced. Cutis laxa is characterized by drooping skin, caused by decreased levels of dermal elastin, leading to reduced skin elasticity. The disease usually emerges on the neck or trunk and spreads throughout the body; however, it rarely involves the extremities.2 Moreover, cases localized to the face are rare. The objective of this clinical case report was to highlight this unusual disease in a 24-year-old female, with localization on the face and neck. The patient underwent surgery for treatment of bilateral ear lobe and eyelid skin laxity.
Knee Defect Reconstruction Using the Distally Based Anterolateral Thigh Flap Based on the Reverse Flow from the Oblique Branch of the Lateral Circumflex Femoral Artery
Authors: Wang Danying , Zang Mengqing , Ma Hengyuan , Liu Yuanbo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractReconstruction of soft tissue defects around the knee is challenging, and the most common solution is to use various locoregional flaps or, in some difficult cases, a free flap. The distally based anterolateral thigh (dALT) flap is a commonly used flap that relies on reverse blood flow from the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery (d-LCFA). Here, we present the case of an anteromedial knee reconstruction using a dALT flap after resection of a pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma. The tumor resection resulted in a 14 × 7 cm defect, and a dALT flap, measuring 20 × 8 cm was elevated. During the surgery, we found a robust oblique branch of the LCFA (o-LCFA) sending off two sizable perforators to the anterolateral thigh region, whereas the d-LCFA was relatively small with no usable perforators. Therefore, we harvested a dALT flap relying on reverse flow from the o-LCFA. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, and the flap survived without complications. This report demonstrates that reverse flow from the o-LCFA may be an alternative to nourish a dALT flap in cases where the d-LCFA is hypoplastic or suitable perforators from the d-LCFA are unavailable.
Silent Corticotroph and Somatotroph Double Pituitary Adenoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Pecorari Isabella L. , Mahali Lakshmi Priyanka , Funari Abigail , Fecher Roger , Suda Nisha , Agarwal Vijay 
Published: May 2022

AbstractClinically silent double pituitary adenomas consisting of corticotroph and somatotroph cells are an exceedingly rare clinical finding. In this report, we present the case of a 28-year-old man with a 1-year history of recurrent headaches. Imaging revealed a 2.1 (anterior-posterior) × 2.2 (transverse) × 1.3 (craniocaudal) cm pituitary adenoma invading into the left cavernous sinus and encasing the left internal carotid artery. Endoscopic transnasal resection was performed without complications. Immunohistochemical staining revealed a double adenoma consisting of distinct sparsely granulated somatotroph and densely granulated corticotroph cells that were positive for growth hormone and adrenocorticotropic hormone, respectively. Ki-67 index labeling revealed a level of 6% within the corticotroph adenoma. No increase in serum growth hormone or adrenocorticotropic hormone was found, indicating a clinically silent double adenoma. While transsphenoidal surgery remains a first-line approach for silent adenomas presenting with mass effects, increased rates of proliferative markers, such as the Ki-67 index, provide useful insight into the clinical course of such tumors. Determining the Ki-67 index of silent pituitary adenomas could be valuable in predicting recurrence after initial surgical resection and identifying tumors that are at an increased risk of needing additional therapeutic interventions or more frequent surveillance imaging.
Structure of Arp2/3 complex at a branched actin filament junction resolved by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy
Authors: Ding Bojian , Narvaez-Ortiz Heidy Y. , Singh Yuvraj , Hocky Glen M. , Chowdhury Saikat , Nolen Brad J. 
Published: May 2022

Significance
Actin filament nucleation by Arp2/3 complex must be triggered by activators like WASP family proteins. Understanding how WASP proteins activate Arp2/3 complex has been a major challenge due to a lack of high-resolution structures of the complex in an activated state. We determined a high-resolution (∼3.9 Å) structure of the WASP-activated Arp2/3 complex at a branch junction and used biochemical, cell biological, and molecular dynamic simulations to understand the mechanism of WASP-mediated activation. This work shows in detail the contacts between the fully activated Arp2/3 complex, the nucleated daughter actin filament, and the mother actin filament and provides important insights into how conformational rearrangements in the Arp2/3 complex are stimulated during activation.
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K2 of the air-kerma standards of the KRISS, Republic of Korea, and the BIPM in low-energy x-rays
Authors: Burns D T , Kessler C , Yi Chul-Young , Ho Kim Yun 
Published: May 2022

Main text
A key comparison has been made between the air-kerma standards of the KRISS, Republic of Korea, and the BIPM in the low-energy x-ray range. The results show the standards to be in agreement at the level of the standard uncertainty of the comparison of 2.2 parts in 103. The results are analysed and presented in terms of degrees of equivalence, suitable for entry into the BIPM key comparison database.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
An image processing method for an explosion field fireball based on edge recursion
Authors: Wang Liangquan , Shang Fei , Kong Deren 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
To overcome the limitations caused by the complex fireball geometry in an explosion field and the smoke interference of fireball contours, a pre-processing strategy for fireball images in an explosion field, combining threshold segmentation, rectangular filtering, nearest-neighbor clustering and morphological processing, as well as an edge-recursive fireball image segmentation algorithm based on the polar coordinate system, is proposed. The overlap rate was used to compare and evaluate the segmentation effect of the proposed method and traditional image-processing methods on the measured explosion fireball image. The results demonstrate that the edge-recursive fireball image segmentation algorithm based on the polar coordinate system is excellent for identifying fireball image segmentation and fireball damage contour recognition under different smoke-obscured conditions in an explosion field, thereby facilitating the accurate recognition and measurement of the fireball image and contour under a smoke plume. This method improves the accuracy of measuring explosive fireball damage power and provides a method for effectively extracting the distribution information of explosive fireball damage.
Ultra-fast polarization of a thin electron layer in the rotational standing-wave field driven by double ultra-intense laser pulses
Authors: Han Qianqian , Geng Xuesong , Shen Baifei , Xu Zhizhan , Ji Liangliang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We explore radiative polarization of electrons in a standing-wave formed by two circularly-polarized laser pulses irradiating a thin layer. Here the electron radiative spin dynamics in external electromagnetic fields is described by the generalized Sokolov–Ternov model implemented in the particle-in-cell simulations. We find that significant polarization is established in roughly one laser period from the circular motion in the standing wave. However, such motion is unstable at the magnetic nodes such that electrons migrate to different phases. The beam polarization is then transferred to transverse directions following the T-BMT precession and splits into two groups with opposite signs. The induced polarization distribution allows for filtering out electron population of high polarization purity via certain emitting angles and energies, approaching maximum of 78% polarization at light intensities of the order ∼1023 W cm−2.
Robust electron-correlation and colossal magnetoresistance of complex composition Co0.5Mg0.5AlxFe2–xO4 with x = 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0.
Authors: Soliman S , Zaki H M , Solyman S 
Published: May 2022

For antisymmetric cobalt magnesium ferrite alloys, Co0.5Mg0.5Al
x
Fe2−x
O4
ab-initio calculations were used to study the strain and Al-doping contributions to the rearrangement of magnetic structure ordering state, where x = 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0. According to the calculations, the ground state without the Hubbard parameter is half-metallic with an antiferromagnetic structure. A side magnetic transition from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic is established due to crystal magnetic symmetry aberrations caused by strain and Al-doping. The magnetic phase transition happens even at low pressure levels, such as 0.4 GP for Co0.5Mg0.5Al0.25Fe1.75O4. According to the calculated data, A-side and B-side oxygen have different activities. The Fermi level nesting grows with pressure in the majority channel and becomes defined in shape, predicting a decrease in resistance. The Fe-3d electron-correlation is shown to have a critical role in bridging the charge gap. Additional potential U = 5 eV (Hubbard parameter) on top of Fe-3d potential opened a band gap of roughly 0.4 eV at the Fermi level (E
F
). According to the calculations, the investigated compounds show a Mott insulator gap. The anti-ferrimagnetic states, the magnetic saturation and the computed Fe and Co moments for the ground state are in agreement with the previously reported experimental results [1]. For both experimental and theoretical results, there is a completely compression-induced change in the K-space location of the valence-band maxima.
The acid resistance, roughness, and microhardness of deciduous enamel induced by Er:YAG laser, fluoride, and combined treatment: an in vitro study
Authors: Contreras-Bulnes R , Rodríguez-Vilchis L E , Teutle-Coyotecatl B , Velazquez-Enriquez U , Zamudio-Ortega C M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) lasers and fluoride have been used as preventive treatments to combat permanent tooth decay; however, little is known about deciduous teeth, which are more prone to caries. The purpose of this study was to assess acid resistance, roughness, and microhardness induced by an Er:YAG laser, fluoride application and a combined treatment on deciduous enamel. Seventy samples of deciduous enamel were randomly assigned to seven groups (n = 10): a negative control group [G1_C (−)], a positive control group [G2_C (+)], a group treated with acidulated phosphate fluoride (G3_F), a group treated with an Er:YAG laser (G4_L7.5 and G5_L12.7) and one tretated with an Er:YAG laser plus fluoride (G6_L7.5+F and G7_L12.7+F). The samples were then placed in a lactic acid solution for 24 h; the calcium and phosphate release was measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV–vis). The surface roughness and microhardness were then analysed using a stylus profilometer and a static microhardness tester, respectively. In relation to the calcium release, G3_F presented values statistically lower than all others groups (p < 0.05). Group G7_L12.7+F had lower phosphorus release values than all other groups (p < 0.05). Group G3_F (0.24 ± 0.14 µm) had lower roughness values than groups G6_L7.5+F and G7_L12.7+F. Group G1_C(−) presented statistically significant differences in comparison to the rest of the groups (p < 0.05). The laser treatment and the combined treatment (laser plus fluoride) were not more effective than the fluoride treatment alone at improving acid resistance of deciduous enamel. However, the combined treatment diminished phosphorous release and increased the surface roughness of deciduous enamel. Finally, the acid dissolution decreased the microhardness of deciduous enamel regardless of the preventive protocol (fluoride, laser, or laser plus fluoride treatment).
Generation of silver nanoparticles from thin films and their antibacterial properties
Authors: Nastulyavichus Alena , Kudryashov Sergey , Tolordava Etery , Rudenko Andrey , Kirilenko Demid , Gonchukov Sergey , Ionin Andrey , Yushina Yulia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Colloidal solutions of silver nanoparticles (NPs) were obtained by ultrashort-pulse laser ablation of silver films of variable thickness in water at different fluences, pulse durations and laser exposures. Characterization of these particles was performed by scanning electron microscopy, optical transmission spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering. A monotonic increase in the extinction coefficient and in the average diameter of the colloidal particles—from 20 to 180 nm—was observed as a function of laser fluence and exposure. Antibacterial properties of colloidal silver NPs were investigated by the microbiological ‘Live/Dead Biofilm Viability Kit’ method.
Observation of neoclassical tearing-mode excitation in EAST low-β
p H-mode plasmas using a gas electron multiplier-based camera
Authors: Qu Huoxiang , Li Erzhong , Xu L. , Wang H. , Ma Q. , Zhang Y. , Shi T. , Zhou T. , Chu Y. , Wang S. , Zhao H. , Chen Y. , Hu L. , Ling B. , Lin S. , Qian J. , Gong X. , the EAST Team  
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The excitation of an initially stable neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) is investigated in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) low-β
p H-mode plasmas (β
p is defined as the ratio of the thermal pressure to the poloidal magnetic pressure). Using similar plasma parameters, n = 1 resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) cannot always successfully excite the m/n = 2/1 NTM with the same RMP coil current setup (n and m are the toroidal and poloidal mode numbers, respectively). Data from a gas electron multiplier camera shows that NTM destabilization is related to RMP-induced crashes at the q = 1 resonant surface during the RMP ramp-up phase. The second RMP-induced crash amplitude decays exponentially as β
p increases. There is a critical value

β

p

≈
0.76

above which the crash amplitude (or seed island width) is too small (below the critical island width) to trigger an NTM. Observation and analysis indicate that the m/n = 2/1 NTM is not forcibly driven by the n = 1 RMP (such as the m/n = 2/1 component), but is probably due to electron heat transport between the q = 1 and the q = 2 resonant surfaces. This paper describes experimental observations of NTM excitation which also have implications for further investigations of NTM locking and disruptions.