bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes of Non-Operative Treatment for Patients with Non-Union of Fractures of the Mid-Shaft of the Clavicle in Adults
Authors: HWANG Ji Sup , KIM Min Bom , LEE Young Ho 
Published: February 2022

Background: Non-unions of clavicle fracture after conservative treatment have been treated surgically, but carry a risk of complications. The aim of this study is to report the outcomes of non-operative treatment for patients with non-union of fractures of the mid-shaft of the clavicle following initial conservative treatment. Methods: This is a retrospective study done at a single centre. Subjects with non-union after conservative treatment of clavicle mid-shaft fractures between March 2004 and February 2019 were included in this study. The exclusion criteria included follow-up period <1 year after the diagnosis of non-union and concomitant upper extremity injury. Final radiographs were assessed for fracture healing, vertical displacement, and shortening. Visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, shoulder range of motion (ROM) and self-rated outcomes were obtained. Results: Fourteen patients (five females) with an average age of 58 (range, 29–76) years and a mean follow-up duration of 4.0 (range, 1.5–10.2) years were included in the study. The average vertical fracture displacement was 188.7 (range, 95.4–301.4) percent and the average shortening was 13.2 (range, 2.7–16.9) percent. The average VAS pain score was 0.21 (range, 0–2) points. There was no significant difference in the ROM between the injured and uninjured shoulder (p = 0.715 for forward flexion, 0.070 for abduction and 0.714 for external rotation) and the Constant shoulder score (p = 0.190). Thirteen of the 14 patients were satisfied with the treatment, and 12 returned to their pre-injury level of sports participation. Conclusions: Non-operative treatment resulted in a favourable outcome for patients with non-union of clavicle fracture after conservative treatment. Self-rated outcome score was excellent, regardless of the presence of radiographic abnormalities. Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
A Redox Fuel Cell Capable of Converting Ethanol to Electricity at a High Power Output
Authors: An Liang 
Published: February 2022

The use of hydrogen peroxide in fuel cells has recently received increasing attention, primarily due to its several unique characteristics when compared with the use of gaseous oxygen [1]. However, there are three issues associated with the use of hydrogen peroxide in fuel cells [2]. Firstly, the actual cathode potential is lower than the theoretical one, which is mainly attributed to the mixed potential resulting from the simultaneous hydrogen peroxide oxidation reaction on the cathode. Secondly, the hydrogen peroxide oxidation reaction releases gaseous oxygen, leading to a two-phase mass transport. Thirdly, the reduction of hydrogen peroxide in fuel cells has to use metal catalysts, such as platinum, palladium and gold [3].
In this work, we propose to create the cathode potential by introducing a redox couple to the cathode while to use hydrogen peroxide to chemically charge to redox ions. The redox cathode not only completely eliminates the mixed-potential problem associated with the direct reduction of hydrogen peroxide, but also enables a faster cathodic electrochemical kinetics even without noble metal catalysts [4]. It has been demonstrated that the direct ethanol fuel cell with a redox couple of V(IV)/V(V) yields a peak power density of 450 mW cm-2 at 60oC, which is 87.5% higher than that of the conventional cell with direct reduction of hydrogen peroxide [5].

References

[2] L. An, T.S. Zhao, X.H. Yan, X.L. Zhou, P. Tan, Science Bulletin 60 (2015) 55-64.
[3] L. An, T.S. Zhao, Z.H. Chai, L. Zeng, P. Tan. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 39 (2014) 7407-7416.
[4] L. An, T.S. Zhao, X.L. Zhou, L. Wei, X.H. Yan, RSC Adv. 4 (2014) 65031-65034.
[5] L. An, T.S. Zhao, X.L. Zhou, X.H. Yan, C.Y. Jung, J. Power Sources 275 (2015) 831-834.
Effects of Dietary Sodium Acetate on Growth Performance, Fillet Quality, Plasma Biochemistry, and Immune Function of Juvenile Golden Pompano (Trachinotus ovatus)
Authors: Xun Pengwei , Zhou Chuanpeng , Huang Xiaolin , Huang Zhong , Yu Wei , Yang Yukai , Li Tao , Huang Jianbin , Wu Yang , Lin Heizhao 
Published: February 2022

Six isonitrongenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to feed 360 fish (mean initial body weight:

6.06
±
0.02

g) with graded levels of sodium acetate (SA1 (0), SA2 (250 mg/kg), SA3 (500 mg/kg), SA4 (1000 mg/kg), SA5 (2000 mg/kg), and SA6 (4000 mg/kg)) for 8 weeks. The results revealed that weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and feed intake of golden pompano were significantly increased in SA3 and SA4 treatments (

p
<
0.05

). Dietary SA level significantly improved lipid contents and gumminess of muscle (

p
<
0.05

). Supplement levels of dietary SA significantly influenced plasma biochemical parameters containing triglyceride, glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, complements, and immunoglobulin M (

p
<
0.05

). Appropriate supplement levels of dietary SA significantly increased enzyme activities of hepatic superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity and decreased malondialdehyde contents (

p
<
0.05

). Furthermore, appropriate SA levels downregulated the expression levels of Keap1, IL-8, TNF-α, and NF-κB genes and upregulated the expression levels of Nrf2 and TGF-β genes of the spleen (

p
<
0.05

). Excess SA caused negative effects for Trachinotus ovatus. The optimum supplement level of SA for juvenile golden pompano was evaluated to be 1423.67 mg/kg based on WGR.
Sobre o populismo no Brasil
Authors: Chaui Marilena 
Published: February 2022

Com a ideia de invenção democrática, Claude Lefort recriou o conceito moderno de democracia, retomando num contexto novo a ideia de Moses Finley de invenção da política, para indicar uma ação que se realiza sem o apoio de modelos, e, no caso de Lefort, para marcar a recusa de fundamentos externos ao social. Para pensar a experiência política do presente, escreve ele, é preciso afastar, de um lado, a redução marxista da política à condição de superestrutura, e, de outro, a concepção liberal da democracia como regime político da lei e da ordem para assegurar liberdades individuais; e, não menos importante, também afastar as ciências sociais, particularmente a sociologia e a ciência política, que buscam seu objeto a partir da construção ou delimitação do “fato político”, considerado um fato particular ao lado de outros fatos sociais particulares (econômico, jurídico, científico, estético, ou simplesmente social, isto é, como modo de relação entre grupos e classes).
Social Context and Rejection Expectations Modulate Neural and Behavioral Responses to Social Feedback
Authors: Petereit Pauline , Jessen Sarah , Goregliad Fjaellingsdal Tatiana , Krämer Ulrike M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
When meeting other people, some are optimistic and expect to be accepted by others, whereas others are pessimistic and expect mostly rejections. How social feedback is evaluated in situations that meet or do not meet these biases and how people differ in their response to rejection and acceptance depending on the social situation are unknown. In this study, participants experienced rejection and acceptance by peers in two different social contexts, one with high (negative context) and the other with low probability of rejection (positive context). We examined how the neural and behavioral responses to rejection are altered by this context and whether it depends on the individual's sensitivity to rejection. Behavioral results show that, on average, people maintain an optimistic bias even when mostly experiencing rejection. Importantly, personality differences in rejection sensitivity affected both prior expectations to be rejected in the paradigm and the extent to which expectations changed during the paradigm. The context also strongly modulated ERPs and theta responses to rejection and acceptance feedback. Specifically, valence effects on neural responses were enhanced in the negative context, suggesting a greater relevance to monitor social feedback in such a situation. Moreover, midfrontal theta predicted how expectations were changed in response to prediction errors, stressing a role for theta in learning from social feedback. Surprisingly, interindividual differences in rejection sensitivity did not affect neural responses to feedback. Our results stress the importance of considering the interaction between subjective expectations and the social context for behavioral and neural responses to social rejection.
Anecdotal observations of ‘double clutching’ behaviour in captive Mugger crocodiles (Crocodylus palustris)
Authors: Desai Brinky , Mukherjee Soham , Whitaker Nikhil , Ghosal Ratna 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Animals modulate their behaviours in accordance with their local environment and in the process, undergo different behavioural and physiological adaptations to better survive in a given ecosystem. One such behaviour that plays an important role in survival and sustenance of a species is the breeding behaviour. In this article, we present anecdotal information on breeding strategies of Marsh or Mugger crocodiles. Mugger crocodiles mostly lay single clutch during a year and have an elongated courtship and mating period lasting for 3–4 months. However, we show anecdotal data covering a period of 2 years for a Mugger crocodile producing double clutches annually under captive conditions. The laying of multiple clutches in captive Mugger crocodiles may indicate higher nutritional status and/or breeding strategies of the females under resourceful conditions. We suggest the need for future work on understanding proximate mechanisms underlying the ‘double clutching’ behaviour of Mugger crocodiles.
Awakening the Intuitive Mind: Self-Cultivation in the Practical Philosophies of Wang Yangming and Sri Aurobindo
Authors: Hartz Richard 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Sri Aurobindo lived four hundred years after Wang Yangming in a different civilization and another age. Yet there are parallels between the lives of these two thinkers and significant similarities between their philosophies. Central to the methods of practice advocated by both is the uncovering of a faculty of knowledge which we already possess, but normally allow to be obscured by our ordinary psychological movements. This faculty, the intuitive mind, has to emerge and be applied to all the activities of life. Methods for cultivating it have been developed under different names in both China and India. They can be found in ancient texts such as the Great Learning and the Bhagavadgītā as well as in the writings of Wang Yangming and Sri Aurobindo. Integral education would be incomplete if it does not include the cultivation of the intuitive mind.
Participatory Drama: A Pedagogy for Integrating Language Learning and Moral Development
Authors: Winston Joe 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper illustrates how integral drama-based pedagogy can be effective in two areas of learning for primary aged children, namely in language development and moral thinking. The activities that demonstrate how the theory can be put into practice are based upon a picture book and show how storytelling and aesthetic playfulness lie at the heart of the process. I argue that the processes used in the pedagogy as much as the content of the lesson itself contribute to children’s ethical cultivation, while the story around which the activities are framed draw out from children vocabulary that builds upon and extends what they intrinsically know about how humans ought to treat one another. Each of the activities is thoroughly described so that teachers who are unused to the demands of this pedagogy can see exactly how it can be managed and made to work in the classroom.
Circulating primitive murine erythroblasts undergo complex proteomic and metabolomic changes during terminal maturation
Authors: Nemkov Travis , Kingsley Paul D. , Dzieciatkowska Monika , Malik Jeffrey , McGrath Kathleen E. , Hansen Kirk C. , D’Alessandro Angelo , Palis James 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPrimitive erythropoiesis is a critical component of the fetal cardiovascular network and is essential for the growth and survival of the mammalian embryo. The need to rapidly establish a functional cardiovascular system is met, in part, by the intravascular circulation of primitive erythroid precursors that mature as a single semisynchronous cohort. To better understand the processes that regulate erythroid precursor maturation, we analyzed the proteome, metabolome, and lipidome of primitive erythroblasts isolated from embryonic day (E) 10.5 and E12.5 of mouse gestation, representing their transition from basophilic erythroblast to orthochromatic erythroblast (OrthoE) stages of maturation. Previous transcriptional and biomechanical characterizations of these precursors have highlighted a transition toward the expression of protein elements characteristic of mature red blood cell structure and function. Our analysis confirmed a loss of organelle-specific protein components involved in messenger RNA processing, proteostasis, and metabolism. In parallel, we observed metabolic rewiring toward the pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis, and the Rapoport-Luebering shunt. Activation of the pentose phosphate pathway in particular may have stemmed from increased expression of hemoglobin chains and band 3, which together control oxygen-dependent metabolic modulation. Increased expression of several antioxidant enzymes also indicated modification to redox homeostasis. In addition, accumulation of oxylipins and cholesteryl esters in primitive OrthoE cells was paralleled by increased transcript levels of the p53-regulated cholesterol transporter (ABCA1) and decreased transcript levels of cholesterol synthetic enzymes. The present study characterizes the extensive metabolic rewiring that occurs in primary embryonic erythroid precursors as they prepare to enucleate and continue circulating without internal organelles.
Sex work community participation in criminalized environments: a community-based cohort study of occupational health impacts in Vancouver, Canada: 2010–2019
Authors: Pearson Jennie , Shannon Kate , McBride Bronwyn , Krüsi Andrea , Machat Sylvia , Braschel Melissa , Goldenberg Shira 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Sex work criminalization and occupational stigma pose barriers to sex workers’ access to support services, including community participation — engagement with sex work specific community organizing at both formalized and grassroots capacities. In light of gaps in evidence regarding impacts of community participation on sex workers’ occupational health in higher-income settings, we evaluated engagement in community participation and associations with occupational sexual health outcomes among sex workers in Vancouver, Canada.

Methods
Prospective data from a community-based cohort of 943 women sex workers in Vancouver, British Columbia (2010–2019). We used logistic regression with generalised estimating equations (GEE) to model correlates of community participation, and a confounder modeling approach to examine the association of community participation on sexually transmitted infection (STI) seropositivity.

Results
Among participants, 38.1% were Indigenous, 31.4% identified as women of colour (e.g., East Asian, Southeast Asian, Black) and 29.3% were im/migrants to Canada. Over a quarter (28.3%, n = 267) serviced in informal indoor spaces, while 38.0% (n = 358) serviced clients in outdoor/public and 31.4% (n = 296) in formal in-call spaces. 8.9% of participants reported sex work community participation at least once over the 9-year study. In multivariable GEE analysis, Indigenous (adjusted odds ratio(aOR) 1.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88–3.32) and trans women (aOR 4.69, 95%CI 2.43–9.06) had higher odds of community participation; women of colour had lower odds (aOR 0.18, 95%CI 0.06–0.57). In a multivariable GEE confounder model, community participation was independently associated with lower odds of STI seropositivity (aOR 0.66, 95% CI0.45–0.96).

Conclusion
Sex workers who engaged in sex work community participation faced reduced odds of STI seropositivity. Building off reserach evaluating community interventions in low and middle income contexts, our study provides some of the first quantitative evidence on community participation among sex workers in Canada, and is the first to examine this in relation to sexual health outcomes. This research demonstrates the need to scale up community participation access for sex workers, via linguistically diverse community spaces, anti-stigma initiatives, and decriminalization to reduce barriers faced by racialized sex workers and support occupational health and rights for all sex workers.
Diagnostic efficacy of circular RNAs as noninvasive, liquid biopsy biomarkers for early detection of gastric cancer
Authors: Roy Souvick , Kanda Mitsuro , Nomura Sachiyo , Zhu Zhongxu , Toiyama Yuji , Taketomi Akinobu , Goldenring James , Baba Hideo , Kodera Yasuhiro , Goel Ajay 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundMajority of gastric cancers (GC) are diagnosed at advanced stages which contributes towards their poor prognosis. In view of this clinical challenge, identification of non-invasive biomarker for early diagnosis is imperative. Herein, we aimed to develop a non-invasive, liquid-biopsy based assay by using circular RNAs (circRNAs) as molecular biomarkers for early detection of GC.MethodsWe performed systematic biomarker discovery and validation of the candidate circRNAs in matched tissue specimens of GC and adjacent normal mucosa. Next, we translated the discovered circRNA based biomarker panel into serum samples in a training and validation cohort of GC patients (n = 194) and non-disease controls (n = 94) and evaluated their diagnostic performance. In addition, we measured the expression of circRNAs in serum samples of pre- and post-surgical GC patients and evaluated the specificity of circRNAs biomarker panel with respect to other gastro-intestinal (GI) malignancies.ResultsWe identified 10-circRNAs in the discovery phase with subsequent validation in a pilot cohort of GC tissue specimens. Using a training cohort of patients, we developed an 8-circRNA based risk-prediction model for the diagnosis of GC. We observed that our biomarker panel robustly discriminated GC patients from non-disease controls with an AUC of 0.87 in the training, and AUC of 0.83 in the validation cohort. Notably, the biomarker panel could robustly identify even early-stage GC patients, regardless of their tumor histology (diffuse vs. intestinal). The decreased expression of circRNAs in post-surgery serum specimens indicated their tumor-specificity and their potential source of origin in the systemic circulation.ConclusionsWe identified a panel of 8-circRNAs as non-invasive, liquid-biopsy biomarkers which might serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for the early detection of GC.
Chronic appendicitis: two case reports
Authors: Holm Nanna , Rømer Maria Unni , Markova Elena , Buskov Laura Katrine , Hansen Ann-Brit Eg , Rose Michala Vaaben 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Chronic appendicitis is a condition unfamiliar to many physicians and is often referred to as a controversial diagnosis. This can give rise to diagnostic delay.

Case presentation
We present two cases of chronic appendicitis: a Caucasian female aged 21 years and a Caucasian male aged 34 years. The patients had different clinical presentations, which led the initial investigations in very different directions—tropical infectious disease and possible malignancy, respectively. In both cases, radiological imaging was the key investigation leading to the final surprising diagnosis.

Conclusion
With these two case stories, we wish to draw attention to chronic appendicitis as a possible differential diagnosis in younger patients with chronic or recurrent abdominal pain, particularly if the pain is located in the lower abdomen and is accompanied by fever.
Three-year outcome of local injection of autologous stromal vascular fraction cells and microfat in refractory perianal fistulas of Crohn’s disease
Authors: Guillo Lucas , Grimaud Fanny , Houser Fanny , Prost Caroline , Jouve Elisabeth , Philandrianos Cécile , Abellan Maxime , Veran Julie , Visee Carine , Beyer-Berjot Laura , Desjeux Ariadne , Dignat-George Françoise , Leone Marc , Grimaud Jean-Charles , Sabatier Florence , Serrero Mélanie , Magalon Jérémy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPerianal fistulas in Crohn's disease are frequent and disabling, with a major impact on patients' quality of life. Cell-based therapy using mesenchymal stem cells represents new hope for these patients, but long-term efficacy remains challenging. In a pilot study, including patients with refractory complex perianal fistulas, autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (ADSVF) combined with microfat achieved combined remission in 60% of cases, with a good safety profile at 1 year. The purpose of this study is to assess whether these results were maintained at longer term. The safety and efficacy data of the ten patients were evaluated retrospectively 3 years after injection on the basis of clinical and radiological data. MRI were analysed according to the MAGNIFI-CD score. No adverse event was attributed to the experimental stem-cell treatment. Combined remission was achieved in 7 patients (70%) and associated with a significant improvement in the MAGNIFI-CD MRI score. In conclusion, the safety and efficacy of ADSVF and microfat injection in Crohn's disease fistulas were maintained at 3 years, demonstrating that this innovative strategy is effective in producing a long-lasting healing effect. The ongoing multicentre randomized placebo-controlled trial (NCT04010526) will be helpful to define the place for this approach in the current therapeutic arsenal.