bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agreement and reliability of transient elastography in patients with chronic hepatitis C - a cross-sectional test-retest study
Authors: Ljungquist Oskar , Olinder Jon , Tverring Jonas , Kjölvmark Charlott , Torisson Gustav 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Transient elastography (TE) has largely replaced liver biopsy to evaluate fibrosis stage and cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis C. Previous studies report excellent reliability of TE but agreement metrics have not been reported. This study aimed to assess inter-rater agreement and reliability of repeated TE measurements.
Methods
Two operators performed TE independently, directly after each other. The primary outcome was disagreement, defined as a difference in TE results between operators of ≥ 33%, as well as the smallest detectable change, SDC95 (i.e., the difference between measurements needed to state with 95% certainty that there is a difference in underlying stiffness). Secondary outcomes included reliability, measured as intra-class correlation, and patient and examination characteristics associated with agreement.
Results
In total, 65 patients were included, with a mean liver stiffness of 9.7 kPa. Of these, 21 (32%) had a disagreement in TE results of ≥ 33% between the two operators. The SDC95 on the log scale was 1.97, indicating that an almost twofold increase or decrease in liver stiffness would be required to confidently represent a change in the underlying fibrosis. Reliability, estimated using the intra-class correlation, was acceptable at 0.86. In a post-hoc analysis, fasting less than 5 hours before TE was associated with a higher degree of disagreement (48% vs 19%, p = 0.03).
Conclusions
In our clinical setting, agreement in directly repeated TE measurements was surprisingly low. It is essential to further investigate the reliability and agreement of TE to determine its validity and usefulness.
Revealing the Complex Relationship between Social Media Use, Social Comparison Orientation and Optimism on Health Outcomes
Authors: Gibbons Chris , Murray-Gibbons Sophie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The study assessed the influence of social media use (SMU), social comparison orientation (SCO) and optimism on wellbeing, mood and sleep quality. SCO is important because of the value of comparative information in SMU. SCO and optimism were tested as mediators between SMU and mood and wellbeing, and optimism as a moderator on the effect of SCO on mood. An online survey and correlational design were used with a convenience sample (n = 306). In terms of SMU, only passive Instagram featured as a predictor of anxiety. Optimism was the strongest predictor in enhancing wellbeing, mood and sleep quality. SCO was a predictor of adverse anxiety and wellbeing. Optimism moderated against the impact SCO had on anxiety, and optimism and SCO were mediators between SMU and wellbeing and anxiety. SCO adversely affected mood and wellbeing. Optimism predicted good sleep quality, and it functions by effecting how comparative information is processed. Understanding this better, in relation to SMU, is likely to promote healthier online interactions.
Nicotinic acid protected germinal vesicle oocyte meiosis against toxicity of benzo(a)pyrene during maturation
Authors: Huang Junjiu , Gao Min , Li Dungao , Zhan Shaoquan , Qiu Yanling , Chen Bohong , Cao Tianqi , Chen Zhiyun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAccumulating evidence has demonstrated that high concentration of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) causes oocyte and embryo developmental arrest or death resulting in early pregnancy loss. However, whether the physiological concentration of BaP exposure affects GV oocyte maturation in exposure population remains unclear. Here, we evaluate the effects of human ovarian follicular fluid concentrations of BaP on mouse and human germinal vesicle (GV) oocyte maturation. Moreover, we examined whether nicotinic acid (NA) reversed GV meiotic failure caused by BaP duringin vitromaturation (IVM). We used human ovarian follicular fluid concentrations of 5 nM BaP and/or a relatively high concentration of 50 nM group to treat GV oocytes during IVM in mice and human. We found 5 nM/50 nM BaP exposure significantly reduced first polar body extrusion during mouse GV oocytes maturation. Sirt1 protein expression decreased after BaP treatment in mouse oocytes. Moreover, BaP exposure disorganized spindle and chromosome arrangement, disrupted cortical actin cap, impaired mitochondrial redistribution, and caused DNA damage in IVM metaphase II (MII) mouse oocytes. Importantly, NA supplementation (15µM) increased Sirt1 expression and significantly rescued most of the abnormal effects. We then explored the effect of 5 nM BaP on human GV oocytes, a concentration close to that in human ovarian follicular fluid, and found that BaP caused GV meiotic failure by increasing mitochondrial membrane potential and markedly elevating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Finally, we showed that 15 µM NA supplementation partially rescued human GV oocytes from the toxicity of 5 nM BaP during IVM. Our study indicates that physiological concentrations of BaP could seriously disrupt GV oocyte IVM and cause meiotic defects leading to oocyte arrest in both mice and humans. NA partially protects GV oocyte meiosis against BaP toxicity during IVM.
Anti-leaching Pd catalyst with covalent coordination via p-band engineering for efficient acetylene hydrochlorination
Authors: Yue Yuxue , Wang Bolin , Wang Saisai , Zheng Beile , Zhou Qi , Zhuge Kaixuan , Chang Renqin , Jin Chunxiao , Pan Zhiyan , Cai Haiting , Zhu Yihan , Zhao Jia , Li Xiaonian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
As one of the most widely used catalysts, palladium is unfortunately inefficient for practical applications due to its over-binding with alkyne species and excessive dissolution in an oxidative environment. Herein, an effective and universal strategy is developed to enhance the stability of the Pd catalyst by improving the bonding strength between Pd and chalcogen-functionalized ionic liquids (CIL) via p-band engineering. We show that Pd atoms dispersed in CIL with a unique Pd-CIL2-Cl2 coordination can achieve remarkable catalytic activity, stability, and recyclability for acetylene hydrochlorination. The catalyst has a high turnover frequency (2392 h− 1) and excellent stability (tos > 2000 h, Pd leaching 0.05 wt.%). For the other sublimable metals, such as Hg and Ru, CIL also demonstrates excellent anti-leaching performance. This work provides a versatile strategy for constructing strong covalent coupling between metal and ligands via p-band engineering for the design of highly durable metal catalysts.
First Trimester Human Umbilical Cord Perivascular cells (HUCPVC) Modulate the Kynurenine Pathway and Glutamate Neurotransmission in an LPS-induced Mouse Model of Neuroinflammation
Authors: Siddiqui Fyyaz , Gallagher Denis , Shuster-Hyman Hannah , Lopez Lianet , Gauthier-Fisher Andrée , Librach Clifford L 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The Kynurenine Pathway (KP) of tryptophan degradation and glutamate toxicity is implicated in several neurological disorders, including depression. Although mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC)-mediated immunomodulation and neuroprotection have been studied in many of these disorders, their potential to influence KP and the glutamatergic system has not yet been investigated. Hence, this study sought to investigate the effect of HUCPVC, a rich and potent source of MSC, on Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated KP metabolites, KP enzymes, and key components of glutamate neurotransmission.
Methods
The immunomodulatory effect of peripherally administered HUCPVC on the expression profile of kynurenine pathway enzymes and metabolites was assessed in the plasma and brain of mice treated with LPS. An assessment of the glutamatergic system, including selected receptors, transporters and proteins was also conducted.
Results
HUCPVC were found to modulate LPS-induced activation of KP enzymes and metabolites in the brain associated with neurotoxicity. Moreover, the reduced expression of the glutamatergic components due to LPS was also found to be significantly improved by HUCPVC.
Conclusions
The immunomodulatory properties of HUCPVC appear to confer neuroprotection, at least in part, through their ability to modulate the KP in the brain. This KP modulation enhances neuroprotective regulators and downregulates neurotoxic consequences, including glutamate neurotoxicity, which is associated with neuroinflammation and depressive behavior.
Perturbed Iron Biology in the Prefrontal Cortex of People with Schizophrenia
Authors: Bush Ashley , Lotan Amit , Luza Sandra , Opazo Carlos , Ayton Scott , Lane Darius , Mancuso Serafino , Pereira Avril , Sundram Suresh , Weickert Cynthia , Bousman Chad , Pantelis Christos , Everall Ian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Despite loss of grey matter volume and emergence of distinct cognitive deficits in young adults diagnosed with schizophrenia, current treatments for schizophrenia do not target disruptions in late maturational reshaping of the prefrontal cortex. Iron, the most abundant transition metal in the brain, is essential to brain development and function, but in excess, it can impair major neurotransmission systems and lead to lipid peroxidation, neuroinflammation and accelerated aging. However, analysis of cortical iron biology in schizophrenia has not been reported in modern literature. Using a combination of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and western blots, we quantified iron and its major-storage protein, ferritin, in post-mortem prefrontal cortex specimens obtained from three independent, well-characterised brain tissue resources. Compared to matched controls (n=85), among schizophrenia cases (n=86) we found elevated tissue iron, unlikely to be confounded by demographic and lifestyle variables, by duration, dose and type of antipsychotic medications used or by copper levels. We further observed a loss of physiologic age-dependent iron accumulation among people with schizophrenia, in that iron level among cases was already high in young adulthood. Ferritin, which stores iron in a redox-inactive form, was paradoxically decreased in individuals with the disorder. Such iron-ferritin uncoupling would lead to more free, chemically reactive, tissue iron in key reasoning and planning areas of the young-adult schizophrenia cortex. Using a prediction model based on iron and ferritin, our data provide a pathophysiologic link between perturbed cortical iron biology and schizophrenia and indicate that achievement of optimal cortical iron homeostasis could offer a new therapeutic target.
Assessment of nutritional status and eating behavior among undergraduate nursing female students of Birbhum district of West Bengal: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Saha Shaonee , Biswas Reetapa , Dutta Arpita , Mohanta Varsha 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose

One of the most common psychological and lifestyle disorder of adolescent girls of 21st century is eating disorder (ED); characterized by preoccupation with food, body size and shape. Food restriction and overeating both are categorized under ED. The study was designed to determine ED among nursing students of Birbhum and its association with BMI, anemia and menstruation frequency.

Method

A cross-sectional study was done on 100 female nursing students of 19–20 years of a private nursing college of Birbhum with self-reported Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q). Height, weight and skin fold measurements were taken. Clinical signs of anemia was checked. Descriptive analyses of socio-demographic variables were done. Pearson’s Corelation between eating disorder and BMI, body fat percentage and Chi-square test for association of ED with anemia and menstruation frequency were done.

Result

11% students scored above 4 on the questionnaire suggesting presence of ED. Among them, 4 persons were overweight and 5 were obese. 24% population were detected with mild anemia among them 5 girls has eating disorder. 3% students have both ED and irregular menstruation and only 4% students of the rest have irregular menstruation. BMI and body fat percentage positively corelated with global score of eating disorder. Weight and shape concern of ED population was also found to be positively corelated.

Conclusion

Overweight and irregular menstruation are associated with eating disorder that should be taken into consideration during any eating disorder prevention programme.
Relapse of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance after mRNA Covid-19 vaccination: a case report
Authors: Tsaftaridis Nikolaos , Potoupni Victoria , Koraka Lydia , Iatridi Foteini , Lioulios Georgios , Christodoulou Michalis , Fylaktou Asimina , Papagianni Aikaterini , Stangou Maria 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction
This case report represents, to our knowledge, the first suspected case of Light Chain Deposition Disease (LCDD) relapse associated with mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. It must be made clear that timing is the only link between the vaccination and the relapse of LCDD, and since millions of individuals received these vaccines, an event like this may be due to chance. At the same time, this case report may be an entry point into further explorations of the pathogenesis of LCDD, given the mechanism of action of the vaccine and the pathophysiology of the disease, as it is currently understood.
Case presentation
The 75-year-old female patient of Greek ethnicity was admitted into our clinic for the investigation of worsening renal function that was detected on routine lab examinations two weeks after she received the second dose of the moderna COVID vaccine (mRNA-1273). Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and anemia were the most notable findings upon admission. She had a history of Light Chain Deposition Disease (LCDD) which had remained stable under management for four years. Serum protein electrophoresis was performed and showed monoclonal kappa zones, while bone marrow biopsy revealed 5% plasma cell infiltration. All the above, along with other investigations, established the diagnosis of LCDD recurrence. She was started on chemotherapy, which improved her immunological profile but not her renal function. The patient has remained on hemodialysis since.
Conclusions
The association between mRNA vaccinations and LCDD relapse may be ground for investigations into the pathophysiology of MGRS, given the patient’s previous long-term remission. In this context, we want to stress once again the importance of following standardized routine mandates on COVID vaccination, especially in immunocompromised patients. This case report is not intended to directly inform changes in clinical practice.
Paternal UPD14 with sSMC derived from chromosome 14 in Kagami-Ogata syndrome
Authors: Wang Jiyong , Lichty Angie , Johnson Jill , Couick Chandler , Moore Mary Alice , Christensen Beth , Howard Khirston , Lee Jennifer A. , DuPont Barbara , Clarkson Lola B. , Hilton Benjamin A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Uniparental disomy (UPD) has been associated with several well-characterized disorders due to abnormal imprinting of the underlying genes. Depending on the parent-of-origin, paternal and maternal UPD are frequently associated with clinically distinct imprinting disorders. Here we report a neonatal case that was referred to Greenwood Genetic Center for clinical genetic testing. Prenatal ultrasound identified polyhydramnios and congenital cardiac anomalies and neonatal examination revealed a prune-like belly and bowel obstruction. Taking advantage of a variety of cytogenetic and molecular genetic approaches, we identified the presence of a small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) associated with a complex chromosomal rearrangement derived from 14q11.2 and absence of heterozygosity on the chromosome 14q, indicative of uniparental isodisomy for chromosome 14. In addition, microsatellite DNA analysis of chromosome 14 showed UPD14 in this patient is paternal in origin, which is consistent with a clinical diagnosis of Kagami-Ogata syndrome (KOS). To our knowledge, this is the first case report of KOS resulting from paternal UPD14 and presence of sSMC with complex chromosomal rearrangement involving 14q11.2 without evidence of mosaicism.
MarIA and BETO are sexist: evaluating gender bias in large language models for Spanish
Authors: Garrido-Muñoz Ismael , Martínez-Santiago Fernando , Montejo-Ráez Arturo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The study of bias in language models is a growing area of work, however, both research and resources are focused on English. In this paper, we make a first approach focusing on gender bias in some freely available Spanish language models trained using popular deep neural networks, like BERT or RoBERTa. Some of these models are known for achieving state-of-the-art results on downstream tasks. These promising results have promoted such models' integration in many real-world applications and production environments, which could be detrimental to people affected for those systems. This work proposes an evaluation framework to identify gender bias in masked language models, with explainability in mind to ease the interpretation of the evaluation results. We have evaluated 20 different models for Spanish, including some of the most popular pretrained ones in the research community. Our findings state that varying levels of gender bias are present across these models. This approach compares the adjectives proposed by the model for a set of templates. We classify the given adjectives into understandable categories and compute two new metrics from model predictions, one based on the internal state (probability) and the other one on the external state (rank). Those metrics are used to reveal biased models according to the given categories and quantify the degree of bias of the models under study.
Tetragonal Mexican-Hat Dispersion and Switchable Half-Metal State with Multiple Anisotropic Weyl Fermions in Penta-Graphene
Authors: Zhao Jijun , Jia Ningning , Shi Yongting , Lv Zhiheng , Qin Junting , Cai Jiangtao , Jiang Xue , Liu Zhifeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Due to the paired valence electrons configuration, all known 2D carbon allotropes are intrinsically nonmagnetic. Based on the reported 2D carbon structure database and first-principles calculations, herein we demonstrate that inherent ferromagnetism can be obtained in the prominent allotrope, penta-graphene, which has a unique Mexican-hat valence band edge, giving rise to van Hove singularities and electronic instability. Induced by modest hole-doping that is achievable in electrolyte gate, the semiconducting penta-graphene can be transformed into different ferromagnetic half-metals with room-temperature stability and switchable spin directions. In particular, multiple anisotropic Weyl states, including type-I and type-II Weyl cones and hybrid quasi Weyl nodal loop, can be found in a sizable energy window of spin-down half-metal under proper strains. These findings not only identify a promising carbon allotrope to obtain the inherent magnetism for carbon-based spintronic devices, but highlight the possibility to realize different Weyl states by combining the electronic and mechanical means as well.
Family-based analysis of the contribution of rare and common genetic variants to school performance in schizophrenia
Authors: Rammos Alexandros , Kirov George , Hubbard Leon , Walters James T. R. , Holmans Peter , Owen Michael J. , O'Donovan Michael C. , Rees Elliott 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Impaired cognition in schizophrenia is associated with worse functional outcomes. While genetic factors are known to contribute to variation in cognition in schizophrenia, few rare coding variants with strong effects have been identified, and the relative effects from de novo, inherited and non-transmitted alleles are unknown. We used array and exome sequencing data from 656 proband-parent trios to examine the contribution of rare and common variants to school performance, and by implication cognitive function, in schizophrenia. Probands who performed worse at school were enriched for damaging de novo coding variants in genes associated with developmental disorders (DD) (p-value = 0.00026; OR = 11.6). Damaging, ultra-rare coding variants in DD genes that were transmitted or non-transmitted from parents, had no effects on school performance. 13 probands had damaging de novocoding variants in DD genes, of whom 12 had lower school performance. Among probands with lower school performance, those with damaging de novocoding variants in DD genes had a higher rate of comorbid mild intellectual disability (p-value = 0.0002; OR = 15.6). Parental transmission of common genetic liability for educational attainment and intelligence, but not for schizophrenia, was associated with proband school performance, but no significant effects were seen for non-transmitted parental alleles. Overall, we provide evidence for rare and common genetic contributions to school performance in schizophrenia. The strong effects for damaging de novocoding variants in DD genes provide further evidence that cognitive impairment in schizophrenia has a shared aetiology with developmental disorders. Furthermore, we report no evidence in this sample that non-transmitted parental alleles for cognitive traits contributed to school performance in schizophrenia via indirect effects on the environment.
Association analysis of 27 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in a Chinese population with essential tremor
Authors: Cao Lanxiao , Gu Luyan , Pu Jiali , Lv Dayao , Tian Jun , Yin Xinzhen , Gao Ting , Song Zhe , Lu Jinyu , Zhao Gaohua , Zhang Baorong , Yan Yaping , Zhao Guohua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Genetic factors play a major role in essential tremor (ET) pathogenesis. This study aimed to assess variant burden in ET associated genes in a relatively large Chinese population cohort. We genotyped 27 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously reported to be associated with ET using the MassARRAY System in 488 familial and sporadic ET patients and 514 healthy controls (HCs). Then we performed allelic and genotypic association test by Pearson chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. A total of 1002 samples were included in our analysis, consisting of 488 ET patients and 514 sex and age-matched HCs. For rs10937625, the C allele was linked to increased risk of ET (p = 0.019, OR = 1.503, 95% CI = 1.172–1.928). The carriers of the C/C homozygote and C/T heterozygote showed a significantly higher risk of ET compared with the T/T homozygote under the dominant model (p = 0.019, OR = 1.628, 95% CI = 1.221–2.170). There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of other SNPs between ET patients and healthy controls. Rs10937625 (STK32B) may increase the risk of ET in eastern Chinese population.