bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiscale Analysis of the Gold Dust Defect in AISI 430 Industrial Stainless Steels: Influence of the Aluminum Content
Authors: Amaya Dolores Beatriz , Letofsky-Papst Ilse , Domínguez Manuel , Núñez Galindo Andrés , Calvino Gámez José Juan , Almagro Juan Francisco , Lajaunie Luc 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe "Gold Dust Defect" affects the surface quality of AISI 430 ferritic stainless steels. However, there is a very limited number of studies focusing on it. To better understand its nature, we have combined several techniques, such as x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, in order to extract a maximum of structural and compositional information. Our results show that the surface quality, microstructure, and chemistry of the samples are strongly affected by the aluminum content, the severity of the defect being the highest at the lowest Al concentration. Not only is the concentration of the defects at the surface strongly reduced when increasing the Al. at.% but the depth of the cavities is also reduced by a factor of 3 when the Al content is increased from 0.09 at.% to 0.59 at.%. Our results provide new information on the nature of this defect, and show that an increase of the aluminum content allows the Cr concentration to be maintained in the range of values required to maintain the passivity of the steel, thus improving the surface quality.
Joint energy efficiency and load balancing optimization in hybrid IP/SDN networks
Authors: Galán-Jiménez Jaime , Polverini Marco , Lavacca Francesco G. , Herrera Juan Luis , Berrocal Javier 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSoftware-defined networking (SDN) is a paradigm that provides flexibility and programmability to computer networks. By introducing SDN nodes in a legacy IP network topology, network operators can benefit on higher control over the infrastructure. However, this migration is not a fast or straightforward process. Furthermore, to provide an adequate quality of service in hybrid IP/SDN networks, the coordination of both IP and SDN paradigm is fundamental. In this paper, this coordination is used to solve two optimization problems that are typically solved separately: (i) traffic load balancing and (ii) power consumption minimization. Each of these problems has opposing objectives, and thus, their joint consideration implies striking a balance between them. Therefore, this paper proposes the Hybrid Spreading Load Algorithm (HSLA) heuristic that jointly faces the problems of balancing traffic by minimizing link utilization and network’s power consumption in a hybrid IP/SDN network. HSLA is evaluated over differently sized topologies using different methods to select which nodes are migrated from IP to SDN. These evaluations reveal that alternative approaches that only address one of the objectives are outperformed by HSLA.
“Do technologies really affect that much? exploring the potential of several industry 4.0 technologies in today’s lean manufacturing shop floors”
Authors: Sartal Antonio , Llach Josep , León-Mateos Fernando 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe investigated the synergies and trade-offs between lean management practices and digital transformation promoted via Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies in current manufacturing shop floors. We used a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to examine possible interactions in a sample of 568 European manufacturing plants from the European Manufacturing Survey. Our results show that various causal pathways exist between lean practices and I4.0 technologies that contribute to improving industrial performance, highlighting the influence of vertical and horizontal data integration (VHDI) even ahead of other more extended applications, such as robotics. Furthermore, our results reveal that the combination of I4.0 technologies analyzed (VHDI, advanced robotics, and additive manufacturing) can lead to sufficient conditions for improving plant performance. From a management point of view, our findings underline the need to avoid myopic attitudes toward I4.0 opportunities. Lean programs should be designed with technological issues in mind, as digital features can establish powerful mechanisms that develop and reinforce the contributions of operational routines to manufacturing strengths in the face of new market requirements. In addition, managers must take into account the implications of the new situation: continuous learning and workforce training will be essential for workers to adapt to the requirements that digital transformation of shop floors has brought about.
Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration Among Sexual Minority People and Associated Factors: A Systematic Review of Quantitative Studies
Authors: Trombetta Tommaso , Rollè Luca 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Intimate partner violence (IPV) among sexual minority people has been underestimated since few decades ago despite its spreading. The current systematic review aims to review and systematize studies on factors associated with IPV perpetration within this population.

Methods
Data search was conducted on EBSCO and PubMed considering articles published until July 2022, and 78 papers were included.

Results
Although methodological limitations can affect the results found, the data demonstrated an association between IPV perpetration and psychological, relational, family of origin-related and sexual minority-specific factors, substance use, and sexual behaviors.

Conclusion
The findings emerged highlight the importance of a multidimensional approach to tackle IPV perpetration among sexual minority people and limit relapses, while increasing individual and relational wellbeing.

Policy Implications
The empirical evidence emerged can contribute to the development of policies and services tailored for sexual minority people victims of IPV, to date still scarce and often ineffective.
Automatic Generation of Personalised and Context-Dependent Textual Interventions During Neuro-rehabilitation
Authors: Felske Timon , Bader Sebastian , Kirste Thomas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper we present our system that synthesises personalised and context dependent texts during robot guided exercises for neuro-rehabilitation. This system is used to generate texts for the communication between a care robot and patients. We present requirements that a system in such a medical domain has to meet. Afterwards the results of a systematic literature review are presented. We present our solution based on the RosaeNLG system. It supports different language levels and referring expressions in a real-time text generation system, so that generated texts can be adapted to the reader in the best possible way. We evaluate our system with respect to the requirements. The contribution of the paper is twofold: We present a set of requirements for Natural Language Generation (NLG) in medical domains and we show how to extend RosaeNLG with an external dialogue memory to handle complex referring expressions in medical real time settings.
The future of the Black Sea: More pollution in over half of the rivers
Authors: Strokal Maryna , Strokal Vita , Kroeze Carolien 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe population in the Black Sea region is expected to decline in the future. However, a better understanding of how river pollution is affected by declining trends in population and increasing trends in economic developments and urbanization is needed. This study aims to quantify future trends in point-source emissions of nutrients, microplastics, Cryptosporidium, and triclosan to 107 rivers draining into the Black Sea. We apply a multi-pollutant model for 2010, 2050, and 2100. In the future, over half of the rivers will be more polluted than in 2010. The population in 74 sub-basins may drop by over 25% in our economic scenario with poor wastewater treatment. Over two-thirds of the people will live in cities and the economy may grow 9-fold in the region. Advanced wastewater treatment could minimize trade-offs between economy and pollution: our Sustainability scenario projects a 68–98% decline in point-source pollution by 2100. Making this future reality will require coordinated international efforts.
Clinically unsuspected orthopedic implants during S. aureus bacteremia do not require additional diagnostic work-up
Authors: Kouijzer Ilse J. E. , Speijker L. T. D. , Aarntzen E. H. J. G. , Rijnen W. H. C. , Somford M. P. , Maat I. , van Meer M. P. A. , Oever J. Ten , Gisolf E. H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the likelihood of occult infection in patients with clinically unsuspected orthopedic implants during Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB).

Methods
In a retrospective study in two Dutch hospitals, we included all patients with SAB between 2013 and 2020 with one or more orthopedic implants in whom [18F]FDG-PET/CT was performed. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients who had an orthopedic implant-related infection by S. aureus. We also compared clinical parameters in patients with clinically suspected and unsuspected implants.

Results
Fifty-five of 191 (29%) orthopedic implants in 118 SAB patients included had clinical signs of infection. Of all 136 unsuspected implants, 5 (3%, all arthroplasties), showed increased [18F]FDG uptake around the prosthesis on [18F]FDG-PET/CT. The clinical course of these patients without clinically overt infection or relapse of bacteremia during follow-up of a median of 48 months (range 0–48), however, argued against prosthetic joint infection.

Conclusion
Although orthopedic implants are evidently a risk factor for metastatic infection during SAB, the absence of clinical symptoms obviate the need of additional investigations or prolonged antibiotic treatment.
Memory retrieval and harshness of conflict in the hawk–dove game
Authors: Bilancini Ennio , Boncinelli Leonardo , Ille Sebastian , Vicario Eugenio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe study the long-run dynamics of a repeated non-symmetric hawk–dove type interaction between agents of two different populations. Agents choose a strategy based on their previous experience with the other population by sampling from a collective memory of past interactions. We assume that the sample size differs between populations and define a measure of harshness of conflict in the hawk–dove interaction. We then show how the properties of the long-run equilibrium depend on the harshness of conflict and the relative length of the sample. In symmetric interactions, if conflict is harsh, the population which samples relatively more past interactions is able to appropriate a higher payoff in the long-run, while the population with a relatively smaller sample does so if conflict is mild. These results hold subject to constraints on the sample size which we discuss in detail. We further extend our results to non-symmetric hawk–dove games.
Health-Related Disparities in the Metropolitan Region Ruhr: Large-Scale Spatial Model of Local Asthma Prevalence, Accessibility of Health Facilities, and Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors
Authors: Ortwein Annette , Redecker Andreas P. , Moos Nicolai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the area of the Metropole Ruhr in terms of spatial distributions of environmental factors that can prevent or cause a significantly lower or higher rate of respiratory diseases such as asthma. Environmental factors can have negative impact, like air pollution, and positive, like the access to urban green areas. In the second part of the analysis, the accessibility of pharmacies, hospitals, and medical facilities that offer a special treatment for people with respiratory diseases will be spatially analysed and associated to those detected urban areas of higher and lower prevalence. The results of both approaches are spatially blended with socioeconomic and socio-demographic values of the respective residents. With this it is possible to point out whether accessibility of health facilities is a suitable and equitable for all people diagnosed with asthma regardless of their educational or migration background, their employment rate, salary or age. Consequently, all values will be disaggregated from large spatial units, such as city districts municipalities or neighbourhoods, to small city blocks, to assess large-scale spatial variability. This provides the opportunity of a point-by-point investigation and statistical analysis with a high level of detail that significantly exceeds previous study results. In the sociological context of environmental justice this highly interdisciplinary study contributes to the assessment of fair health conditions for people in densely populated conurbations.
Analyzing user engagement in news application considering popularity diversity and content diversity
Authors: Sonoda Atom , Seki Yoshifumi , Toriumi Fujio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe diversity of recommender systems has been well analyzed, but the impact of their diversity on user engagement is less understood. Our study is the first to attempt to analyze the relationship between diversity and user engagement in the news domain. In this study, we introduce the notion of popularity diversity, propose metrics for it, and analyze user behavior on popular news applications in terms of content diversity and popularity diversity, the impact of which we find to be closely related to user activity. We also find that users who use these services for longer periods have not only higher content diversity and popularity diversity but also a tendency to increase diversity as the week progresses. Users with low content diversity had a 224% greater withdrawal rate than those with high content diversity, and users with low popularity diversity had a 112% greater withdrawal rate than those with high popularity diversity. Although many studies have examined changes in diversity in recommender systems, we notice this trend is affected by user withdrawal. Finally, we confirm that popularity diversity and content diversity explain user withdrawal and predict user behavior. Our study reveals the relationship between diversity and engagement in the news domain and introduces the impact of popularity bias per user as a metric of diversity.
Nonparametric Analysis of Balanced Incomplete Block Rank Data
Authors: Livingston G. C. , Rayner J. C. W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTraditional nonparametric analysis of balanced incomplete block rank data usually involves the Durbin test. Here we give an alternative adjustment for the Durbin statistic for when there are ties and mid-ranks are used. The adjusted Durbin statistic is shown to be simply related to the ANOVA F statistic on the ranks, so that the corresponding tests are, in a sense, equivalent. This means both are tests of equality of mean treatment ranks. A simulation study compares the size and power performances of the competing tests. We also apply the nonparametric ANOVA methodology to give tests for univariate moment effects and, when treatments are ordered, for bivariate moment effects. The latter includes umbrella tests.
Predicting the Thermal Behavior in Functional Textile Fibers Having Embedded Electronics
Authors: Berry Shaun , Redmond Shawn , Wang Tairan , Rothschild Mordechai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, both steady-state and transient thermal simulations were performed on functional fibers having an embedded electronic chip acting as a heat source. Simulations were conducted for a range of different fiber materials and arbitrary fiber cross-sectional shapes. We show that under steady-state heating conditions, the thermal response for any arbitrary fiber shape and fiber material system was convection dominated regardless of the effective thermal conductivity of the fiber, and that the corresponding temperature rise within the fiber can be predicted analytically allowing for the maximum temperature to be estimated for any known heat load and fiber geometry. In the case of transient heating, we show that for pulsed power operation of the embedded electronic device, the maximum temperature reached in the fiber is always greater than the maximum temperature of the equivalent steady-state average power. However, high peak powers can be safely achieved if the power-on pulse time and duty cycle are selected to limit the maximum temperature reached in the fiber. Based on the results from the transient simulations, a set of criteria was developed to determine whether the operating conditions would be: (1) allowable for the fiber system, thus requiring no transient simulations, (2) requiring a transient simulation to verify that the maximum temperature is acceptable, and (3) the operating conditions are too severe and device operation at these conditions are not practical.Graphical Abstract
Deepfakes and Democracy (Theory): How Synthetic Audio-Visual Media for Disinformation and Hate Speech Threaten Core Democratic Functions
Authors: Pawelec Maria 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObservers fear that deepfakes will shake the very foundations of democracy. Notwithstanding, in-depth scholarly analyses of deepfakes’ political impact are rare, and do not consider theories of democracy. This contribution helps close this research gap, drawing on Warren’s problem-oriented democracy theory, as well as theories of deliberative democracy and contributions on the role of trust in democracies. I identify three core functions of democratic systems and their normative foundations, namely empowered inclusion, collective agenda and will formation (supported by deliberation), and collective decision-making. Based on a literature and media analysis, I systematize different types of deepfakes serving either disinformation or hate speech and outline how they weaken core democratic functions and norms: Deepfakes impede citizens’ empowered inclusion in debates and decisions that affect them, e.g. by hampering efforts to hold political representatives accountable or further marginalizing certain societal groups such as women or ethnic minorities. Deepfakes also undermine collective agenda and will formation by threatening the epistemic quality of deliberation as well as citizens’ mutual empathy and respect. This culminates in a decreased legitimacy of collective decisions taken, which is additionally threatened by pervasive (but mostly speculative) fears of deepfake election manipulation. My analysis has implications for (future) governance efforts addressing deepfakes. Such efforts are increasing, e.g. on the part of social media platforms, but also (supra-)national regulatory bodies.
Sequence-Based Functional Metagenomics Reveals Novel Natural Diversity of Functional CopA in Environmental Microbiomes
Authors: Li Wenjun , Wang Likun , Li Xiaofang , Zheng Xin , Cohen Michael F. , Liu Yong-Xin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Exploring the natural diversity of functional genes/proteins from environmental DNA in high throughput remains challenging. In this study, we developed a sequence-based functional metagenomics procedure for mining the diversity of copper (Cu) resistance gene copA in global microbiomes, by combining the metagenomic assembly technology, local BLAST, evolutionary trace analysis (ETA), chemical synthesis, and conventional functional genomics. In total, 87 metagenomes were collected from a public database and subjected to copA detection, resulting in 93,899 hits. Manual curation of 1214 hits of high confidence led to the retrieval of 517 unique CopA candidates, which were further subjected to ETA. Eventually, 175 novel copA sequences of high quality were discovered. Phylogenetic analysis showed that almost all these putative CopA proteins were distantly related to known CopA proteins, with 55 sequences from totally unknown species. Ten novel and three known copA genes were chemically synthesized for further functional genomic tests using the Cu-sensitive Escherichia coli (ΔcopA). The growth test and Cu uptake determination showed that five novel clones had positive effects on host Cu resistance and uptake. One recombinant harboring copA-like 15 (copAL15) successfully restored Cu resistance of the host with a substantially enhanced Cu uptake. Two novel copA genes were fused with the gfp gene and expressed in E. coli for microscopic observation. Imaging results showed that they were successfully expressed and their proteins were localized to the membrane. The results here greatly expand the diversity of known CopA proteins, and the sequence-based procedure developed overcomes biases in length, screening methods, and abundance of conventional functional metagenomics.
Does breastfeeding support at work help mothers, children, and employers at the same time?
Authors: Del Bono Emilia , Pronzato Chiara Daniela 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates whether the availability of breastfeeding facilities at the workplace helps to reconcile breastfeeding and work commitments, and whether it has beneficial effects for the health of the child. Using data from the UK Infant Feeding Survey, we find that the availability of breastfeeding facilities at work is associated with longer breastfeeding durations for all women and shorter maternity leave spells for higher educated women. We also find that children born to mothers whose employer offers breastfeeding facilities experience significantly fewer sickness in the first 6 months of life.
The Assouad dimension of self-affine measures on sponges
Authors: FRASER JONATHAN M. , KOLOSSVÁRY ISTVÁN 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe derive upper and lower bounds for the Assouad and lower dimensions of self-affine measures in
$\mathbb {R}^d$
generated by diagonal matrices and satisfying suitable separation conditions. The upper and lower bounds always coincide for
$d=2,3$
, yielding precise explicit formulae for those dimensions. Moreover, there are easy-to-check conditions guaranteeing that the bounds coincide for
$d \geqslant 4$
. An interesting consequence of our results is that there can be a ‘dimension gap’ for such self-affine constructions, even in the plane. That is, we show that for some self-affine carpets of ‘Barański type’ the Assouad dimension of all associated self-affine measures strictly exceeds the Assouad dimension of the carpet by some fixed
$\delta>0$
depending only on the carpet. We also provide examples of self-affine carpets of ‘Barański type’ where there is no dimension gap and in fact the Assouad dimension of the carpet is equal to the Assouad dimension of a carefully chosen self-affine measure.
First documented observation of the Portuguese man-of-war, Physalia physalis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Physaliidae) on the west coast of Algeria
Authors: Boughamou Naïma , Ladoul Sara 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe pleustonic siphonophore Physalia physalis (Linnaeus, 1758) reported in the present study were collected in May 2018 on the north-western coast of Algeria. Two specimens of P. physalis have been observed, photographed and measured for the first time on the Al-Wardania beach, in Aïn Temouchent city. Their size is between 34.8 and 42 cm total length (TL). Morphometrics, meristics and diagnostic characteristics of the species are presented.