bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of bulk density on flame resistance of rockwool in combined fire-resistant facings
Authors: Lublóy Éva , Biró András , Hlavička Viktor , Németh Zsolt , Csanaky Judit 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFire protection of steel structures is playing an increasingly important role nowadays. The fire protection of steel structures can be solved with intumescent paint, mortar, fire protection coating and concrete coating. Several fire tests have been performed to check these solutions. Combined structures, which consist of insulation material and fire protection panels, can be used to increase the fire resistance of steel structures. In this article, the application of combined fire protection solutions (combined use of fire protection panels and thermal insulation) was examined. In the experiments, six types of rockwool products with different densities were used as an additional insulation. As a result, the behaviour of combined insulations made with rockwool products of different densities was compared at high temperatures. Based on the laboratory measurements, a finite-element model was also created.
OpenBioMaps – self-hosted data management platform and distributed service for biodiversity related data
Authors: Bán Miklós , Boné Gábor Máté , Bérces Sándor , Barta Zoltán , Kovács István , Ecsedi Kornél , Sipos Katalin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBiodiversity related observational data are collected in a variety of ways and for a variety of purposes, mostly in the form of some sort of organised data collection action. Data management solutions are often developed to manage the data collection processes and organise the data, which may work well on their own but are less compatible with other data management tools.In a continuous development process, we have created the OpenBioMaps (OBM) biodiversity data management platform, which can be used as a self-hosted data management platform and as a free service, hosted by several institutions for biological database projects. OBM has the ability to integrate biological databases without any structural or functional constraints, allowing a high degree of flexibility in data management and development; it provides interfaces to facilitate communication between different end-user communities, including scientists, citizens, conservationists and educational staff. We have also established a network of OBM services based on collaboration between government, educational and scientific institutions and NGOs to provide a public service to those who lack the capacity or knowledge to set up or manage their own self-hosted servers.OpenBioMaps uniquely focuses on the entire data management process, from building the data structure to data collection, visualisation, sharing and processing.
Rare presentation of multiple thromboses in Erdheim–Chester disease: a case-based review
Authors: Liu Yongchang , Huang Changpin , Meng Xiaohu , Fang Xin , Xie Xupin , Wang Changrong , Wang Meiyun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundECD is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis with diverse and heterogeneous clinical manifestations, ranging from single-lesion forms to multi-system involvement, including slowly progressing unifocal forms to rapidly evolving life-threatening disease.Case presentationA female patient presented with a 2-month history of fever. Imaging revealed multiple thromboses, bone destruction, an abnormal pituitary stalk, and clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus. Excisional biopsy of a tibial lesion was sent for microscopic examination, and subsequent immunohistochemical testing was positive for expression of CD68 and CD163, and negative for expression of the immune markers CD1a, S100, and langerin. This confirmed the diagnosis of ECD. Treatment with methylprednisolone to inhibit the immune inflammatory response along with anti-cytokine therapy with an interleukin-6 antagonist resulted in satisfactory disease control.ConclusionWe report a rare case of multiple thromboses, embolism, and multiple organ involvement as the main presentation of ECD, suggesting that ECD should be considered in patients presenting with multiple thromboses associated with multisystem damage. We successfully treated our patient with glucocorticoids and interleukin-6 antagonist. This patient’s response to treatment suggests that hormone therapy and cytokine/chemokine therapy may be a potential novel treatment for patients with ECD without gene mutations.
Exploring the Interplay Between Message Format, Need for Cognition and Personal Relevance on Processing Messages About Physical Activity: a Two-Arm Randomized Experimental Trial
Authors: Short Camille E. , Crutzen Rik , Stewart Emma M. , O’Rielly Jessica , Dry Mathew , Skuse Andrew , Quester Pascale , Rebar Amanda L. , Vandelanotte Corneel , Duncan Mitch J. , Vincent Andrew 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background

According to the Elaboration Likelihood Model, persuasion can occur via two different routes (the central route and peripheral route), with the route utilized dependent on factors associated with motivation and ability. This study aimed to explore the moderating role of need for cognition (NFC) and perceived relevance on the processing of physical activity messages designed to persuade via either the central route or the peripheral route.

Method
Participants (N = 50) were randomized to receive messages optimized for central route processing or messages optimized for peripheral route processing. Eye-tracking devices were used to assess attention, which was the primary outcome. Message perceptions and the extent of persuasion (changes in physical activity determinants) were also assessed via self-report as secondary outcomes. Moderator effects were examined using interaction terms within mixed effects models and linear regression models.

Results
There were no detected interactions between condition and NFC for any of the study outcomes (all ps > .05). Main effects of personal relevance were observed for some self-report outcomes, with increased relevance associated with better processing outcomes. An interaction between need for cognition and personal relevance was observed for perceived behavioral control (p = 0.002); greater relevance was associated with greater perceived behavioral control for those with a higher need for cognition.

Conclusion
Matching physical activity messages based on NFC may not increase intervention efficacy. Relevance of materials is associated with greater change in physical activity determinants and may be more so among those with a higher NFC.
High Shock Pressure Metamorphism Induced Transformations of Olivine and Feldspar in Natun Balijan L4 Chondrite: Evidence from Micro-Raman, Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction and Electron Microprobe Analysis
Authors: Saikia Bhaskar J. , Parthasarathy G. , Chalapathi Rao N.V. , Borah Rashmi R. , Borah Rashmi R. , Kumar Deepak 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
For the first time, the presence of olivine-ringwoodite and plagioclase-maskelynite transformations is reported in Natun Balijan L4 chondrite determined by micro-Raman and infrared spectroscopic techniques with mineral phases characterised by electron microprobe analysis. Micro-Raman spectra reveal trace of ringwoodite, which is independently confirmed with the powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Full width at half maximum data of Raman spectrum reveals structural disordered olivine and pyroxene. The nature of infrared peaks at 639 and 724 cm–1 depicts the presence of maskelynite. Observed maskelynite Raman band at 509 and 581 cm–1 are used to estimate the shock stage of Natun Balijan L4 chondrite as at least S5. The impact metamorphism with a shock pressure of at least 40 GPa is estimated.
Experimental Synthesis of Coloured Soda-lime-silica (SLS) Glasses using Untreated Silica Sand of Shankargarh Area (Prayagraj District, Uttar Pradesh, India) and its Ramifications
Authors: Singh Anuj Kumar , Rajak Pawan Kumar , Pati Jayanta Kumar , Dwivedi Mrigank Mauli , Pandey Kamlesh , Prakash Kuldeep , Rai Abhishek Kumar , Dwivedi Shivanshu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The physical, mechanical and chemical processing of silica sand, the main ingredient of silicate glass, are routinely carried out in glass and ceramic industries worldwide to enhance the silica content and to reduce the concentration of ferromagnesian impurities. The processing of silica sand prior to glass synthesis generally involves washing with water, physical screening (size and magnetic separation) and chemical treatments. The silica sand mining, in parts of Prayagraj (earlier known as Allahabad) district, Uttar Pradesh, is continuing for more than six decades and yet meager peer-reviewed published scientific data is available hitherto. On the other hand, the continued rampant water cleaning of silica sand for more than six decades has led to the accumulation of toxic sludge in the vicinity and also causing ground water depletion in the area. In order to find an amicable balance amongst silica sand processing, ground water depletion and environmental degradation, an attempt has been made to use untreated/raw silica sand of Prayagraj district, mainly from the Shankargarh area, to synthesize soda-lime-silica (SLS) glass. Following this objective, thirty five silica sand samples are collected from different washeries and grouped into seven classes based on their magnetic susceptibility values (30.23 to -0.71 x 10-8 m3kg-1). Representative silica sand samples from these seven groups are mixed with sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in a ratio of 75:15:10 and melted at 1300°C under one atmospheric pressure for a run duration of 90 minutes. Transparent to translucent SLS glasses of various hues and variable refractive indices (1.504 - 1.547) are formed. The glasses, thus analyzed by the electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA), comprise SiO2 (80.56 - 85.79 wt%), Na2O (9.70 - 12.69 wt%), CaO (4.80 - 6.51 wt%),Al2O3 (0.51 - 1.46 wt%),FeOT (0.15 - 0.95 wt%) and TiO2 (0.12 - 0.29 wt%), similar to the commercial SLS glasses manufactured worldwide. The present study suggests that the raw silica sand from Shankargarh area can be used to synthesize coloured SLS glasses even without washing with water and as a consequence the water resources and geo-environment of the area shall remain protected from further degradation.
Can Ammonium Records in Antarctic Ice Cores be a Proxy for Sea Ice Fluctuations?
Authors: Nuruzzama Mohammad , Ejaz Tariq , Mohan Rahul 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Ammonium (NH4+) accumulation and variability in Antarctic ice cores possess signals of various biological, anthropogenic, and atmospheric processes. However, the use of NH4+ variability in Antarctic ice cores for paleoclimate reconstructions is not well established. Addressing this, we have utilized, published NH4+ ice core records from the Dronning Maud Land (DML), Antarctica to assess the sources of NH4+, its transport, major forcing factors, and their mechanism in controlling the variability of ammonium signals in coastal ice cores. The first principle component (PC1) derived from PC analysis of NH4+ data comprises ~43% of total variability and also depicts a significant spatial correlation with the NSIDC Sea ice concentration (SIC) variability in the Weddell Sea region of the Southern Ocean. In addition, the PC1 shows strong 2-9 year periodicities related to El Niño Southern Oscillation along with two major decadal to centennial periodicities of ~40 and 100 years. The control of sea ice fluctuations and related oceanic processes (ENSO) provide evidence of the marine sources and influence of ocean-related processes as a major controlling factor for the NH4+ variability in DML ice cores. The cumulative accumulation of the NH4+ produced from enhanced biological decomposition, and unutilized ammonium during nitrification under high SIC conditions are possible mechanisms for the increased supply. The correlation of ERA5 surface air temperatures with Nino3.4 suggests that during El Niño conditions, the air temperatures significantly dropped in the Weddell Sea sector, fostering the high SIC conditions. The findings of this study regarding the role of the SIC in the ammonium variability in Antarctic ice cores would help us better interpret the paleo NH4+ records and their applications to deduce the paleoclimate conditions in coastal Antarctic regions.
Assessment of Geothermal Renewable Energy with Reference to Tapoban Geothermal Fields, Garhwal Northwest Himalaya, India
Authors: Tiwari Sameer K. , Sain Kalachand , Yadav Jairam Singh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The energy potential of geothermal resources at Tapoban Geothermal Field, situated in the orogenic region of the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand state in the Himalaya, is investigated based on physical parameters, reservoir temperature, borehole depth, and geochemical indicators. It is a prospective field of geothermal water exploitation for both electrical and non-electrical usages. The anomalous geothermal gradient due to the active Main Central Thrust (MCT) zone plays a significant role. To explore the feasibility of exploitation, the surface water temperature and pH from existing geothermal springs is calculated, which ranged from 45°C-93°C and 6.2-7.3, respectively. The study based on dissolved silica geothermometry shows an average reservoir temperature of ~125 ± 2.0°C. The springs emerge from the prominent joint/ weak zone in the country-rock with the discharge of hot waters up to 300 liter minute-1. The total geothermal heat energy of the reservoir is estimated as ~874.35 x 1011 KJ. The energy estimated for the binary power geothermal plant is ~1.02 MWe and 0.71 MWe for 20 years and 30 years, respectively. This energy can be increased manifolds by operating binary cycle power plant technique at multiple sites for an electric generation. The heat capacity from two dominant hot springs from Tapoban geothermal resource was found to be ~0.84 MWt, which can be harnessed by the local people for direct usage. The annual energy use from this reservoir is ~15.89 TJ per year with a capacity factor (CF) of ~ 0.60, indicating that the energy reserve of the Tapoban geothermal field can be used for low to moderate scale energy production to partially meet the energy gap and future requirements.
Estimating Static, Dynamic and Monsoon Groundwater Reserves in a Dense Well Network of Basaltic Terrain, Central India
Authors: Ajaykumar V. , Mondal N. C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Water is an essential resource for life. Effective management and sustainable development of this limited resource have become difficult not only in India but also in the world. Groundwater is a replenishable resource, but its availability is a heterogeneous distribution of complex hydrogeological terrain in both space and time. In this article, the groundwater reserves was estimated in a dense well network of basaltic terrain (area:360 km2) in central India for both regional and local scales. Groundwater level data were collected from four observation wells at a regional scale, which in general, were used to assess groundwater reserves, and also from a dense 58 well network at a local scale. These data were utilized for groundwater reserves at each well site in terms of static groundwater reserve (SGWR), dynamic groundwater reserve (DGWR), and monsoon groundwater reserve (MGWR). Their spatial and temporal variabilities were also compared with the help of Thiessen polygons. Results show that the SGWR and DGWR of the dense monitoring network range from 66.7 to 87.13 MCM, with an average of 75.77 MCM, and from 34.83-48.17 MCM, with an average of 41.95 MCM, respectively. Whereas, the MGWR varies from 36.81 to 55.08 MCM, with an average of 44.92 MCM. The comparison in the reserves of the regional scale is found to be higher than the dense well network data. This outcome could be useful for the implementation of groundwater development and sustainable management in this basaltic area in future.
Spatial and Temporal Pattern Assessment of Meteorological Drought in Tumakuru District of Karnataka during 1951-2019 using Standardized Precipitation Index
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Ahmed S. A. , Harishnaika N. , Arpitha, M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Tumakuru district of Karnataka state is situated in the semiarid climatic region which is considered most sensitive area/zone in response to climate change. This study analyses the spatio-temporal changes of meteorological drought in the Tumakuru district during 1951-2019. To understand the spatial and temporal characteristics of drought, annual and seasonal drought trends were examined using standardized precipitation index. Based on three-seasons, pre-monsoon (January -May), southwest monsoon (June -September), northeast monsoon (October-December) the annual SPI were calculated. Characteristics, classification and the threshold value of drought classes were determined. The correlation between precipitation and SPI was similar and showed the strong correlation. The wettest (1962 & 2006), and driest years (1968,1954, 1965, & 1976) during the study were identified. The higher frequency distribution of the driest years addresses roughly 57% drought years detected for Madhugiri and Tumakuru (1) in SW-monsoon of the total years of study, in pre-monsoon Kunigal have 21.73%, and in NE-monsoon it was 50.72 % at Kunigal. In the district southwest monsoon is long spell rainy season which is contributing 54% of total rainfall and advantageous for early stage of Rabi and maturation of Kharif crops. Maximum evaporation from soil and vegetation measured by potential evaporation which is the criteria of the water consumption by crops. In the event of monsoon failure and very less rainfall during southwest monsoon, farmers could not able to sow new crops and existing rain-fed crops would be decimated.
Fuel burn evaluation of a transonic strut-braced-wing regional aircraft through multipoint aerodynamic optimisation
Authors: Chau T. , Zingg D.W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a relative fuel burn evaluation of the transonic strut-braced-wing configuration for the regional aircraft class in comparison to an equivalent conventional tube-and-wing aircraft. This is accomplished through multipoint aerodynamic shape optimisation based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. Aircraft concepts are first developed through low-order multidisciplinary design optimisation based on the design missions and top-level aircraft requirements of the Embraer E190-E2. High-fidelity aerodynamic shape shape optimisation is then applied to wing–body–tail models of each aircraft, with the objective of minimising the weighted-average cruise drag over a five-point operating envelope that includes the nominal design point, design points at
$\pm 10\%$
nominal
$C_L$
at Mach 0.78, and two high-speed cruise points at Mach 0.81. Design variables include angle-of-attack, wing (and strut) twist and section shape degrees of freedom, and horizontal tail incidence, while nonlinear constraints include constant lift, zero pitching moment, minimum wing and strut volume, and minimum maximum thickness-to-chord ratios. Results show that the multipoint optimised strut-braced wing maintains similar features to those of the single-point optimum, and compromises on-design performance by only two drag counts to achieve up to 11.6% reductions in drag at the off-design conditions. Introducing low-order estimates for approximating full aircraft performance, results indicate that the multipoint optimised strut-braced-wing regional jet offers a 13.1% improvement in cruise lift-to-drag ratio and a 7.8% reduction in block fuel over a 500nmi nominal mission when compared to the similarly optimised Embraer E190-E2-like conventional tube-and-wing aircraft.
Cognitive and Behavioral Disorders in Patients with Superior Parietal Lobule Infarcts
Authors: Kumral Emre , Çetin Fatma Ece , Özdemir Hüseyin Nezih 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT:Background/Objective:The superior parietal lobule (SPL) plays a strategic role in somatosensory and visuomotor integration. This study aims to evaluate the clinical, neurocognitive, and behavioral characteristics of isolated SPL stroke.MethodsWe assessed neuropsychological and behavioral findings in 14 patients with isolated SPL stroke among 4200 patients with ischemic stroke. All patients underwent neuroimaging, clinical and neuropsychological assessment after stroke.Results:Of the 14 patients enrolled, the first complaints were tactile and visuospatial disorders at stroke onset. Except for 6 patients with only 1 cognitive impairment, the majority of patients (57%) experienced more than 1 cognitive impairment category. Functional hemispheric asymmetries have been found in different cognitive processes, such as between visuospatial and body image functions and language process. Among visuospatial abilities disorders, spatial disorientation, visuospatial neglect, and visual extinction were found in two-thirds (63%) of patients with right SPL lesion. Body schema and image disorders were observed in all patients with right-sided lesions, such as alien hand, autotopagnosia for body parts (36%), autotopagnosia for sensory sensations (36%), and fading limb (21%). Two-thirds (57%) of patients with left SPL had impairment in language abilities.ConclusionOur findings after stroke suggest that SPL plays a pivotal role in the regulation of visuospatial abilities, body schema and body image processing, and language skills through bilateral frontoparietal networks and interhemispheric parietal networks.
Short-Latency Afferent Inhibition Correlates with Stage of Disease in Parkinson’s Patients
Authors: Choudhury Supriyo , Siddique Ummatul , Rahman Simin , Kumar Yogesh , Banerjee Sattwika , Baker Mark R. , Baker Stuart N. , Kumar Hrishikesh 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT:Background:Sensory-motor decoupling at the cortical level involving cholinergic circuitry has also been reported in Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) is a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) paradigm that has been used previously to probe cortical cholinergic circuits in well-characterised subgroups of patients with PD. In the current study, we compared SAI in a cohort of PD patients at various stages of disease and explored correlations between SAI and various clinical measures of disease severity.Methods:The modified Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) scale was used to stage disease in 22 patients with PD. Motor and cognitive function were assessed using the MDS-UPDRS (Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale) part III and MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) score, respectively. Objective gait assessment was performed using an electronic walkway (GAITRite®). SAI was measured as the average percentage inhibition of test motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) conditioned by electrical stimulation of the contralateral median nerve at the wrist.Results:SAI was significantly reduced in patients with advanced PD (H&Y stage 3) compared to early PD patients (H&Y stage 1) on pairwise comparison. The visuospatial executive function and orientation domains of cognition demonstrated significant negative associations with SAI.Conclusion:Cortical sensory-motor integration is progressively diminished as disease progresses. The observation that a reduction in SAI is associated with a reduction in cognitive function possibly reflects the progressive involvement of cortical cholinergic circuits in PD with increasing motor stage. Future longitudinal studies are necessary to confirm this preliminary result.