bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Porous nickel–zinc ferrite/polyaniline/polyimide composite based on improved impedance matching for electromagnetic microwave absorption
Authors: Lv Qingtao , Sun Xin , Zhang Chunhong , Liu Yanjian , Wang Qiang , Liu Lijia , Wang Chao , Wei Hao , Liang Xiaohui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExcellent impedance matching plays a crucial role in the design of absorbers to tackle the growing problem of electromagnetism pollution. Here, a porous nickel–zinc ferrite/polyaniline/polyimide (NiZnFe3O4/PANI/PI) composite was prepared by in‐situ polymerization and thermally assisted non‐solvent‐induced phase separation (TNIPS). The impedance matching of porous NiZnFe3O4/PANI/PI composite can be improved by controlling the composition ratio of NiZnFe3O4/PANI absorbing filler. When the absorbing filler satisfied a molar ratio of 8:2 for Ni to Zn and a mass ratio of 2:8 for PANI to NiZnFe3O4, the porous NiZnFe3O4/PANI/PI composite with 20% absorbing filler content displayed the minimum reflection loss of −30.01 dB, effective absorption bandwidth of 4.05 GHz (6.91–10.96 GHz), and the impedance matching (Z) value almost equal to 1 at 9.36 GHz. In addition, the initial thermal decomposition temperature (T5%) of porous NiZnFe3O4/PANI/PI composite beyond 544°C in nitrogen, demonstrates superior thermal stability properties. The porous NiZnFe3O4/PANI/PI composite in this research has great application potential in electromagnetic wave absorption at high‐temperature environment.
Young carers in Japan: Reliability and validity testing of the BBC/University of Nottingham young carers survey questionnaire and prevalence estimation in 5000 adolescents
Authors: Kanehara Akiko , Morishima Ryo , Takahashi Yusuke , Koike Haruna , Usui Kaori , Sato Shun‐ichi , Uno Akito , Sawai Yutaka , Kumakura Yousuke , Yagishita Sho , Usami Satoshi , Morita Masaya , Morita Kentaro , Kanata Sho , Okada Naohiro , Yamasaki Syudo , Nishida Atsushi , Ando Shuntaro , Koike Shinsuke , Shibuya Tomoko , Joseph Stephen , Kasai Kiyoto 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimYoung carers (YCs) refer to children under the age of 18 who assume responsibilities that would normally be assumed by adults, such as caring for family members in need of care. In recent years, the concept of YCs has been expanding in Japan, and the government has been rapidly implementing strategies to support them. There is a need for a survey scale for YCs that uses standardized methods that can be compared internationally.MethodThe BBC/University of Nottingham Survey for estimating the prevalence of YCs and caring activities of United Kingdom adolescents was translated into Japanese, and its reliability and validity were tested with 313 adolescents. Moreover, the prevalence of YCs was estimated in a school‐based survey among 5000 adolescents.ResultsThe Young Carers Scale Japanese version (YCS‐J) was acceptably reliable and valid. The original six‐factor model for caring activity in the Multidimensional Assessment of Caring Activities Checklist for Young Carers (MACA‐YC18) was supported by confirmatory factor analysis. The prevalence of YCs among 5000 adolescents in the Tokyo metropolitan area was estimated to be 7.4%, comparable to that reported in Western countries and in recent surveys in Japan using nonstandardized methods. YCs exhibited significantly higher scores for prosocial behavior and emotional symptoms than non‐YCs.ConclusionsThe YCS‐J, as an internationally comparable instrument, will be useful for understanding the actual situation of YCs in Japan, and to disseminate and implement support through cooperation among education, welfare, and healthcare sectors.
Pathological changes and viral antigen distribution in tissues of Iberian hare (Lepus granatensis) naturally infected with the emerging recombinant myxoma virus (ha‐MYXV)
Authors: Agulló‐Ros Irene , Jiménez‐Martín Débora , Camacho‐Sillero Leonor , Gortázar Christian , Capucci Lorenzo , Cano‐Terriza David , Zorrilla Irene , Gómez‐Guillamón Félix , García‐Bocanegra Ignacio , Risalde María A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundA cross‐species jump was confirmed in 2018, when a novel recombinant myxoma virus (MYXV) (ha‐MYXV) caused high mortality in Iberian hare (Lepus granatensis) in the Iberian Peninsula.MethodThe aim of this study was to evaluate the main lesions, tissular distribution and target cells of ha‐MYXV in Iberian hare. Gross postmortem examinations and histological and immunohistochemical studies to detect ha‐MYXV were carried out in 28 animals that were confirmed as ha‐MYXV positive by PCR.ResultsThe main macroscopic lesions were bilateral blepharoconjunctivitis, epistaxis, intense congestion and oedema in several organs and some internal haemorrhages. Visible myxomas were not found. Histopathological examination revealed hyperplastic epidermis with predominant hyperkeratosis and myxoid matrix in the dermis. ha‐MYXV‐positive keratinocytes showed hydropic degeneration and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Alveolar oedema, interstitial pneumonia, dramatic lymphoid depletion in the spleen and necrosis in the liver and testis were observed. ha‐MYXV was mainly detected in epithelial and myxoma cells in the skin, and also in macrophages, lymphocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells in several organs, as well as in hepatocytes and Leydig cells.LimitationsA non‐homogeneous number of samples were included in all the animals. Future experimental studies with controlled variables are necessary.ConclusionThese findings correspond to an unusual form of myxomatosis, characterised by an acute or hyperacute presentation.
Introduction
Authors: Grandjean Vincent 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this introduction, my aim is threefold. First, I situate the present book in the vast landscape of the philosophy of time. Against powerful traditions of thought, I argue that a perspicuous philosophical account of time can only be obtained through the reconciliation of the manifest image of the world and contemporary science. Second, I introduce the book’s primary objective, namely to account for the intuitive asymmetry between the ‘open future’ and the ‘fixed past’, and contrast it with some current forms of skepticism brought by science. Third, I outline the three-phase structure of the book – characterization, modeling, reconciliation – and expose the main expected results.
How Is the Asymmetry Between the Open Future and the Fixed Past to Be Characterized?
Authors: Grandjean Vincent 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA basic intuition we have regarding the nature of time is that the future is open whereas the past is fixed. However, although this intuition is largely shared, it is not a straightforward matter to determine the nature of the asymmetry it reflects. So, in this chapter, I survey the various philosophical ways of characterizing the asymmetry in openness between the future and the past in order to account for our intuition. In particular, I wonder whether the asymmetry is to be characterized in semantic, epistemic, anthropocentric, physical, modal, metaphysical or ontological terms. I conclude that an ontological characterization of the asymmetry is to be preferred, since it is superior to the alternatives in explanatory power, intelligibility, and in how it coheres with interesting senses of openness.
Conclusion
Authors: Grandjean Vincent 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this conclusion, I first briefly recall the theoretical framework within which the present book was undertaken: an attempt at reconciliation of the manifest image with contemporary science. Second, I recapitulate the main obtained results; I especially insist on the fact that an ontological characterization of the intuitive asymmetry between the ‘open future’ and the ‘fixed past’ (Chap. 2), as it can be accommodated by a specific version of GBT (Chap. 3), might find some support in nascent approaches to quantum gravity (Chap. 4). Finally, I consider some new directions that could be pursued. In particular, I consider some practical significance that GBT may have with respect to moral and emotional concerns.
Calculating Datastructures
Authors: Hinze Ralf , Swierstra Wouter 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhere do datastructures come from? This paper explores how to systematically derive implementations ofone-sided flexible arraysfrom a simple reference implementation. Using the dependently typed programming language Agda, each calculation constructs an isomorphic—yet more efficient—datastructure using only a handful of laws relating types and arithmetic. Although these calculations do not generally produce novel datastructures they do give insight into how certain datastructures arise and how different implementations are related.
A Unifying Approach for Control-Flow-Based Loop Abstraction
Authors: Beyer Dirk , Lingsch Rosenfeld Marian , Spiessl Martin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLoop abstraction is a central technique for program analysis, because loops can cause large state-space representations if they are unfolded. In many cases, simple tricks can accelerate the program analysis significantly. There are several successful techniques for loop abstraction, but they are hard-wired into different tools and therefore difficult to compare and experiment with. We present a framework that allows us to implement different loop abstractions in one common environment, where each technique can be freely switched on and off on-the-fly during the analysis. We treat loops as part of the abstract model of the program, and use counterexample-guided abstraction refinement to increase the precision of the analysis by dynamically activating particular techniques for loop abstraction. The framework is independent from the underlying abstract domain of the program analysis, and can therefore be used for several different program analyses. Furthermore, our framework offers a sound transformation of the input program to a modified, more abstract output program, which is unsafe if the input program is unsafe. This allows loop abstraction to be used by other verifiers and our improvements are not ‘locked in’ to our verifier. We implemented several existing approaches and evaluate their effects on the program analysis.
Fazit und Ausblick
Authors: Diekmann Isabell 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungAusgangspunkt dieser Studie war die Problematisierung der entlang zahlreicher Beispiele aus der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschungspraxis herausgearbeiteten Gleichsetzung von Islamfeindlichkeit, verstanden als feindliche Einstellungen gegenüber der Religion des Islams, und Muslim*innenfeindlichkeit, verstanden als feindliche Einstellungen gegenüber Menschen muslimischen Glaubens. In Ermangelung umfangreicher und tiefergehender Studien zur Differenzierung der Adressat*innen feindlicher Einstellungen verfolgt diese Studie das Ziel, die potentielle Notwendigkeit einer Unterscheidung von Islam- und Muslim*innenfeindlichkeit empirisch zu untersuchen. Theoretisch schließt das Vorhaben dabei an soziologische und sozialpsychologische Überlegungen zu Intergruppenkonflikten und Vorurteilsreduzierungsstrategien an.
On Topologies Generated by Lower Porosity
Authors: Kowalczyk Stanisław , Turowska Małgorzata 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the paper we study properties of a lower porosity of a set in a normed space $$(X,\Vert \;\Vert )$$

(
X
,
‖

‖
)

. Two topologies $${\underline{p}}(X,\Vert \;\Vert )$$

p
̲

(
X
,
‖

‖
)

and $${\underline{s}}(X,\Vert \;\Vert )$$

s
̲

(
X
,
‖

‖
)

on X generated by the lower porosity are defined. Relationships between these topologies and, previously defined by V. Kelar and L. Zajíček, topologies $$p(X,\Vert \;\Vert )$$

p
(
X
,
‖

‖
)

and $$s(X,\Vert \;\Vert )$$

s
(
X
,
‖

‖
)

are studied. Applying topologies $${\underline{p}}(X,\Vert \;\Vert )$$

p
̲

(
X
,
‖

‖
)

and $${\underline{s}}(X,\Vert \;\Vert )$$

s
̲

(
X
,
‖

‖
)

we characterize maximal additive class of lower porouscontinuous functions. Some relevant properties of defined topologies are considered.
Anatomical basis of retrograde thoracic veins flow and its implications in complex thoracic wall reconstructive surgery
Authors: Buffoli Barbara , Verzeletti Vincenzo , Gabusi Vittoria , Giugno Lorena , Hirtler Lena , Faini Gianpaolo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Internal thoracic veins are increasingly used as recipient’s vessels in chest wall reconstructive surgery due to their predictable anatomy and to the possibility to make a double venous anastomosis, exploiting the retrograde flow within them. Over the years, retrograde flow had been explained by the absence of valves in internal thoracic veins, which have been found recently instead. Therefore, our aim is to analyze the retrograde flow and its relationship with valves in the internal thoracic veins.

Methods
We evaluated 32 internal thoracic veins of 16 fresh-frozen specimens with undamaged thoracic cages by dynamic analysis focused on retrograde flow assessment through a partial external circulation system obtained cannulating the subclavian veins. Gross anatomical and morphological evaluations about the presence of valves and their pattern were then made.

Results
Efficient, partial, and absent retrograde flow was, respectively, found in 17/30, 8/30 and ITVs and 5/30 internal thoracic veins. Following Arnez’s classification, 20/32 Type I and 12/32 Type II internal thoracic veins were identified. Valves were observed in 10/16 specimens (62.50%) corresponding to 36.67% of examined veins (11/30). Three valves were found between the 2nd intercostal space and 12 valves in the 3rd intercostal space. 13/15 valves were bicuspid, 2/15 tricuspid. A significant correlation (p < 0.001) between the retrograde flow and the presence of valves in internal thoracic veins was observed.

Conclusion
Our study suggests a possible influence of the presence and the number of valves in the efficient retrograde flow of the internal thoracic veins, suggesting that, especially for more complex cases, a preoperative or intraoperative evaluation of the chest wall drainage should be recommended.
Modulation of radiosensitivity of DU145 prostate carcinoma cells by simvastatin
Authors: Korte Verena , Gademann Guenther , Gawish Ahmed , Ochel Hans-Joachim 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate antiproliferative effects of simvastatin in combination with ionizing radiation on DU145 prostate cancer cells and its influence on cellular HMG-CoA-reductase levels.

Methods
Proliferative responses of DU145 cells were estimated by means of a clonogenic assay or the crystal violet procedure. HMG-CoA-reductase levels were measured by western blot analysis.

Results
The antiproliferative effects of simvastatin and radiation are dependent on simvastatin dose, radiation dose and treatment time. In vitro treatment of DU145 cells with simvastatin induced HMG-CoA-reductase levels.

Conclusion
Ionizing radiation more profoundly reduces proliferation as compared to simvastatin exposure, while the combined application of both modalities is synergistic. The inhibition of CoA-reductase may contribute to these effects.
A robust medical image steganography approach based on particle swarm optimization algorithm and quantum walks
Authors: Abd-El-Atty Bassem 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMedical information plays an essential task in our everyday lives, in which medical data privacy and security constitute an important issue. The confidentiality of medical data can be achieved by applying one or more encryption and data hiding methods. Amidst the development of quantum computers, most medical data confidentiality techniques may be hacked because their construction is based on mathematical models. Most medical data have a long lifetime exceeding 25 years. Therefore, it is an important issue to design a new medical data hiding technique that has the capability to withstand the probable attacks from the side of quantum or digital devices. In this article, we aim to present a novel medical image steganography strategy based on quantum walks, chaotic systems, and particle swarm optimization algorithm. A 3-D chaotic system and quantum walks are utilized for operating particle swarm optimization algorithm, in which the generated velocity sequence is utilized for substituting the confidential data, and the position sequence is utilized for selecting which position in the hosting image will be employed to host the substituted confidential data. The payload capacity of the suggested mechanism is 2 bits per 1 byte, and the average value for PSNR is 44.1, which is big enough for the naked eye to not differentiate the difference between the carrier image and its stego one.
Natural convection in a fluid saturating an anisotropic porous medium in LTNE: effect of depth-dependent viscosity
Authors: Capone Florinda , Gianfrani Jacopo A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThermal convection in a fluid saturating an anisotropic porous medium in local thermal nonequilibrium (LTNE) is investigated, with specific attention to the effect of variable viscosity on the onset of convection. Many fluids show a remarkable dependence of viscosity on temperature that cannot be neglected. For this reason, we take into account a fluid whose viscosity decreases exponentially with depth, according to Straughan (Acta Mech. 61:59–72, 1986), Torrance and Turcotte (J. Fluid Mech. 47(1):113–125, 1971). The novelty of this paper is to highlight how variable viscosity coupled with the LTNE assumption affects the onset of convection. A numerical procedure shows the destabilising effect of depth-dependent viscosity. Moreover, it comes out that the LTNE hypothesis makes the influence of viscosity more intense. Linear instability analysis of the conduction solution is carried out by means of the Chebyshev-tau method coupled to the QZ algorithm, which provides the critical Rayleigh number for the onset of convection in a straightforward way. The energy method is employed in order to study the nonlinear stability. The optimal result of coincidence between the linear instability threshold and the global nonlinear stability threshold is obtained. The influence of anisotropic permeability and conductivity, weighted conductivity ratio, and interaction coefficient on the onset of convection is highlighted.
High-multiplicity N-fold IP via configuration LP
Authors: Knop Dušan , Koutecký Martin , Levin Asaf , Mnich Matthias , Onn Shmuel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractN-fold integer programs (IPs) form an important class of block-structured IPs for which increasingly fast algorithms have recently been developed and successfully applied. We study high-multiplicityN-fold IPs, which encode IPs succinctly by presenting a description of each block type and a vector of block multiplicities. Our goal is to design algorithms which solve N-fold IPs in time polynomial in the size of the succinct encoding, which may be significantly smaller than the size of the explicit (non-succinct) instance. We present the first fixed-parameter algorithm for high-multiplicity N-fold IPs, which even works for convex objectives. Our key contribution is a novel proximity theorem which relates fractional and integer optima of the Configuration LP, a fundamental notion by Gilmore and Gomory [Oper. Res., 1961] which we generalize. Our algorithm for N-fold IP is faster than previous algorithms whenever the number of blocks is much larger than the number of block types, such as in N-fold IP models for various scheduling problems.
Weather-Related Home Damage and Subjective Well-Being
Authors: Gunby Nicholas , Coupé Tom 
Published: September 2022

AbstractClimate change is causing weather-related natural disasters to become both more frequent and more severe. We contribute to the literature on the economic impact of these disasters by using Australian data for the period 2009 to 2019 to estimate the effect of experiencing weather-related home damage on three measures of subjective well-being. Overall, we find little evidence of a statistically significant or sizable negative effect, on average, of weather-related home damage on subjective well-being.
Soy and mustard effectively mobilize phosphorus from inorganic and organic sources
Authors: Schwerdtner Ulrike , Lacher Ulrike , Spohn Marie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe aimed to investigate phosphorus (P) mobilization by different plant species from organic and inorganic sources in relation to different P mobilization mechanisms. Knowledge about P mobilization is important for producing crops on P sources other than phosphate rock-derived fertilizers. We conducted a greenhouse experiment with four plant species (maize, soy, lupin, mustard) and three P sources (FePO4, phytate, struvite). We determined pH and phosphomonoesterase activity in the rhizosphere using pH imaging and soil zymography. At harvest, root exudates were analyzed for phosphomonoesterase activity, pH, organic acids, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Plants were analyzed for biomass, root length, and P content. Struvite was more plant-available than phytate and FePO4 as indicated by higher plant P contents. Soy had the highest biomass and P content, irrespective of P source. Soy exuded up to 12.5 times more organic acids and up to 4.2 times more DOC than the other plant species. Lupin had a 122.9 times higher phosphomonoesterase activity than the other plant species with phytate. The pH in the exudate solution of mustard was on average 0.8 pH units higher than of the other plant species. P uptake by mustard and soy seemed to have also benefited from large root lengths. Taken together, our study indicates that soy has a particularly high potential to mobilize P from struvite and phytate, while mustard has a high potential to mobilize P from FePO4. Therefore, soy and mustard seem to be good options for agricultural production that relies less on phosphate rock-derived fertilizers.
OVI-3: A NoSQL visual query system supporting efficient anti-joins
Authors: El-Mahgary Sami , Soisalon-Soininen Eljas , Orponen Pekka , Rönnholm Petri , Hyyppä Hannu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe aim of this work was to develop a technique to speed up complex joins in an incremental visual query system. When designing a visual, highly interactive interface for ad-hoc (read-only) queries, fast response times are of paramount importance. While a column-oriented DBMS reduces the inherent latency found in relational DBMS, there is still the question of how to index the data, especially so as to support complex joins. Equi-joins that involve a many-to-many relationship are an example of complex joins that arise frequently and whose efficient processing is essential for fast query processing. We present OVI-3, a NoSQL visual query system based on incremental querying that uses a simple directory-based indexing scheme for faster processing of such complex joins. The system has been piloted using real data from a student database at Aalto University. The results demonstrated that for certain complex joins the presented indexing scheme outperforms SQL queries from a data server, especially for queries involving anti-joins (negation), where OVI-3 provided an orders of magnitude speed improvement.