bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of spatially heterogeneous lakeside development on nearshore biotic communities in a large, deep, oligotrophic lake
Authors: Meyer Michael F. , Ozersky Ted , Woo Kara H. , Shchapov Kirill , Galloway Aaron W. E. , Schram Julie B. , Rosi Emma J. , Snow Daniel D. , Timofeyev Maxim A. , Karnaukhov Dmitry Yu. , Brousil Matthew R. , Hampton Stephanie E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSewage released from lakeside development can reshape ecological communities. Nearshore periphyton can rapidly assimilate sewage‐associated nutrients, leading to increases of filamentous algal abundance, thus altering both food abundance and quality for grazers. In Lake Baikal, a large, ultra‐oligotrophic, remote lake in Siberia, filamentous algal abundance has increased near lakeside developments, and localized sewage input is the suspected cause. These shifts are of particular interest in Lake Baikal, where endemic littoral biodiversity is high, lakeside settlements are mostly small, tourism is relatively high (~1.2 million visitors annually), and settlements are separated by large tracts of undisturbed shoreline, enabling investigation of heterogeneity and gradients of disturbance. We surveyed sites along 40 km of Baikal's southwestern shore for sewage indicators—pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) and microplastics—as well as periphyton and macroinvertebrate abundance and indicators of food web structure (stable isotopes and fatty acids). Summed PPCP concentrations were spatially related to lakeside development. As predicted, lakeside development was associated with more filamentous algae and lower abundance of sewage‐sensitive mollusks. Periphyton and macroinvertebrate stable isotopes and essential fatty acids suggested that food web structure otherwise remained similar across sites; yet, the invariance of amphipod fatty acid composition, relative to periphyton, suggested that grazers adjust behavior or metabolism to compensate for different periphyton assemblages. Our results demonstrate that even low levels of human disturbance can result in spatial heterogeneity of nearshore ecological responses, with potential for changing trophic interactions that propagate through the food web.
Less speed more haste: The effect of crisis response speed and information strategy on the consumer−brand relationship
Authors: Iveson Abbie , Hultman Magnus , Davvetas Vasileios , Oghazi Pejvak 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the relationship between firm crisis behavior and the resulting consumer–brand relationship (CBR) response. Drawing from theoretical traditions in brand transgressions, service failure, and crisis communications, we use longitudinal survey data combined with archival social media data to empirically test the effect of crisis response speed and crisis information strategy on the short‐term consumer crisis response evaluations (1 month after crisis response), and the long‐term CBR (1 year after crisis response). Results show that, contrary to intuitive expectations, a faster firm response is not always better, as a slower response was found to result in higher crisis response evaluations. We also show that this effect depends on the consistency of the communication strategy with the first active response. Specifically, when a firm prioritizes safety information (instructing strategy), a faster response is better. Whereas, when the firm prioritizes well‐being information (adjusting strategy), a slower response is better. We argue the counterintuitive finding that a slower response is better implies that reacting too quickly may signal rashness and unpreparedness to the customer, leading to more negative evaluations. We term this distinction the difference between being responsive (fast but considered) and reactive (faster but rash).
Significantly Improved Dielectric Performance of All‐Organic Parylene/Polyimide/Parylene Composite Films with Sandwich Structure
Authors: Ahmad Aftab , Liu Guanghui , Cao Shimo , Liu Xuepeng , Luo Jinpeng , Han Li , Tong Hui , Xu Ju 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe development of novel polymer dielectrics with enhanced dielectric performance is a great challenge for application of film capacitors in modern electronics and electrical systems. Herein, an innovative approach of chemical vapor deposition polymerization technology is proposed to prepare the all‐organic sandwich structured parylene/polyimide/parylene (Py/PI/Py) composite films by employing poly(chloro‐para‐xylylene) (parylene C) as the outer layers and polyimide (PI) as the inner layer. The Py/PI/Py composites exhibit superior thermal resistance and outstanding mechanical properties. Moreover, thanks to the interfacial effect which contributes to reinforcing the dielectric response and the thickness effect which facilitates improving the breakdown strength, the dielectric performance of Py/PI/Py composites has been enhanced significantly. Accordingly, dielectric constant of 4.52–5.09, dissipation factor of 0.21–1.01%, and breakdown strength of 307–460 MV m−1 are achieved. Besides, notable energy storage performance is also obtained in Py/PI/Py composite dielectrics. Consequently, this novel application of chemical vapor deposition polymerization method in preparing all‐organic multilayered polymer composite films with sandwich structure shows promising potential in film capacitor applications in harsh conditions.
Crystallization behavior of stereoblock polylactide with high sequence regularity structure
Authors: Wuyou Ye , Qi Xia , Dongyang Liu , Shida Gao , Zhongyong Fan , Qing Liu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStereoblock polylactide (Sb‐PLA) was prepared via a consecutive method by ring‐opening polymerization and its stereocomplex crystallization behavior was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM). The molecular weight, sequence structure of anisotropic segments of Sb‐PLA and crystals structure were characterized by using GPC, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and XRD. The Sb‐PLA with bonding a higher stereoregularity chains prepared by the synthesis route exhibited a higher melting point and uniquely stereocomplex crystallization behavior compared with the Sb‐PLA prepared by commonly reported method. The isothermal crystallization results indicated that the crystallization temperature of Sb‐PLA's increased about 20°C higher than reported Sc‐PLA materials. Moreover, crystallization rate constant (K) and crystallization activation energy (ΔE) expressed by the Arrhenius equation demonstrated that Sb‐PLA presents a higher crystallization rate. The data of isothermal crystallization experiments were analyzed based on Lauritzen–Hoffman (LH) theory, crystallization rate constant (G0), nucleation constant (Kg), fold surface free energy (σe), and folding work (q) were estimated to be 1.5 × 1027 μm/min, 1.2 × 106 K2, 113.0 erg/cm2 and 8.20 × 10−21 J, respectively. These results indicated that Sb‐PLA chains with a higher stereoregularity suggested to be the main factor accounting for the formation unique stereocomplex crystals.
Light‐weight and high‐strength PP/CaCO3 composites by die drawing: Effect of drawing ratios
Authors: Liu Mingfei , Chen Ke , Yu Shikang , Zhang Run , Jia Mingyin , Pan Kai , Xue Ping 
Published: September 2022

AbstractConstructing polyolefin composites with both light‐weight and high‐strength is of significant importance in practical applications. Here, light‐weight and high‐strength PP/CaCO3 composites are tactfully achieved via die drawing with a self‐designed experimental apparatus. The effects of drawing ratios on crystalline structure, thermal behavior, morphology, and mechanical behavior of the drawn composites are investigated. Detailed experimental characterizations demonstrate that die drawing can considerably enhance the mechanical characteristics of PP/CaCO3 composites through regulating the crystallinity and orientation of the molecular chains. Besides, voids are generated and elongated through die drawing, leading to the decrease of density. The tensile strength, flexural strength, and flexural modulus of the prepared samples can reach up to 142.5 MPa, 81.3 MPa, and 8.2 GPa, respectively, and the density is 0.91 g/cm3. The present work provides an effective and universal strategy for preparing light‐weight and high‐strength polyolefin composites.
DNA Nanotechnology‐Empowered Live Cell Measurements
Authors: Liu Jiangbo , Li Min , Zuo Xiaolei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe systematic analysis and precise manipulation of a variety of biomolecules should lead to unprecedented findings in fundamental biology. However, conventional technology cannot meet the current requirements. Despite this, there has been progress as DNA nanotechnology has evolved to generate DNA nanostructures and circuits over the past four decades. Many potential applications of DNA nanotechnology for live cell measurements have begun to emerge owing to the biocompatibility, nanometer addressability, and stimulus responsiveness of DNA. In this review, the DNA nanotechnology‐empowered live cell measurements which are currently available are summarized. The stability of the DNA nanostructures, in a cellular microenvironment, which is crucial for accomplishing precise live cell measurements, is first summarized. Thereafter, measurements in the extracellular and intracellular microenvironment, in live cells, are introduced. Finally, the challenges that are innate to, and the further developments that are possible in this nascent field are discussed.
Design of Bronze‐Rich Dual‐Phasic TiO2 Embedded Amorphous Carbon Nanocomposites Derived from Ti‐Metal–Organic Frameworks for Improved Lithium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Ahn Cheol Hyoun , Yang Won Seok , Kim Jeong Jae , Kim Jae Hyun , Cho Hyung Koun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDual‐phasic (DP)‐TiO2‐based composites are considered attractive anode materials for high lithium‐ion storage because of the synergetic contribution from dual‐phases in lithium‐ion storage. However, a comprehensive investigation on more efficient architectures and platforms is necessary to develop lithium‐storage devices with high‐rate capability and long‐term stability. Herein, for the first time, a rationally designed bronze‐rich DP‐TiO2‐embedded amorphous carbon nanoarchitecture, denoted as DP‐TiO2@C, from sacrificial Ti‐metal–organic frameworks (Ti‐MOFs) via a two‐step pyrolysis process is proposed. The bronze/anatase DP‐TiO2@C nanocomposites are successfully synthesized using a unique pyrolysis process, which decomposes individually the metal clusters and organic linkers of Ti‐MOFs. DP‐TiO2@C exhibits a significantly high density and even distribution of nanoparticles (<5 nm), enabling the formation of numerous heterointerfaces. Remarkably, the bronze‐rich DP‐TiO2@C shows high specific capacities of 638 and 194 mAh g−1 at current densities of 0.1 and 5 A g−1, respectively, owing to the contribution of the synergetic interfacial structure. In addition, reversible specific capacities are observed at a high rate (5 A g−1) during 6000 cycles. Thus, this study presents a new approach for the synthesis of DP‐TiO2@C nanocomposites from a sacrificial Ti‐MOF and provides insights into the efficient control of the volume ratio in DP‐TiO2 anode architecture.
Cryptotanshinone protects against oxidative stress in the paraquat‐induced Parkinson's disease model
Authors: Sun Jui‐Ming , Agarwal Surbhi , Desai Tushar Dnyaneshwar , Ju Da‐Tong , Chang Yung‐Ming , Liao Shih‐Chieh , Ho Tsung‐Jung , Yeh Yu‐Lan , Kuo Wei‐Wen , Lin Yu‐Jung , Huang Chih‐Yang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder associated with striatal dopaminergic neuronal loss in the Substantia nigra. Oxidative stress plays a significant role in several neurodegenerative diseases. Paraquat (PQ) is considered a potential neurotoxin that affects the brain leading to the death of dopaminergic neurons mimicking the PD phenotype. Various scientific reports have proven that cryptotanshinone possesses antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. We hypothesized that cryptotanshinone could extend its neuroprotective activity by exerting antioxidant effects. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of cryptotanshinone in both cellular and animal models of PQ‐induced PD. Annexin V‐PI double staining and immunoblotting were used to detect apoptosis and oxidative stress proteins, respectively. Reactive oxygen species kits were used to evaluate oxidative stress in cells. For in vivo studies, 18 B6 mice were divided into three groups. The rotarod data revealed the motor function and immunostaining showed the survival of TH+ neurons in SNpc region. Our study showed that cryptotanshinone attenuated paraquat‐induced oxidative stress by upregulating anti‐oxidant markers in vitro, and restored behavioral deficits and survival of dopaminergic neurons in vivo, demonstrating its therapeutic potential.
Reading, Research and Relationships in a Third‐Grade Virtual Book Club
Authors: Diller Marselline , Hays Alice 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA third‐grade educator and university researcher collaborated to develop an after‐school virtual book club curriculum for students during the pandemic. Third‐grade students were encouraged to explore social justice issues prevalent in their community first by reading relevant children's books, doing research, and collaborating to develop potential action plans to address the issues. The study examined the impact of the books, the identification with characters, and the benefit of small group pedagogy. Students were intrinsically motivated to read, research, and collaborate over social justice issues voluntarily given free choice, minimal guidance, and opportunities. The results showcased the importance of small group discussion with young children, the power of choice in research‐based activities, and the desire for students to have their voices heard in important matters.
Contribution of surface silanization process on mechanical characteristics of TPU‐based composites involving feldspar and quartz minerals
Authors: Bouzmane Hajar , Tirkeş Süha , Yılmaz Volkan Murat , Tayfun Ümit , Tirkeş Seha 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, quartz and feldspar powders were surface treated using a silane coupling agent to achieve a more compatible mineral surface with the polymer matrix. Details of surface characteristics of minerals were examined by energy‐dissipative X‐ray spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, and infrared spectroscopy. Thermoplastic polyurethane‐TPU was compounded with minerals using the melt‐blending technique. Mechanical, thermo‐mechanical, melt‐flow, and morphological characterizations of TPU and relevant composites were performed by utilizing tensile and Shore hardness tests, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), melt flow index (MFI) measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Water repellency of TPU and composites were also evaluated experimentally. Effects of surface treatments were discussed by comparing the results of composites filled with pristine and modified minerals. Results revealed that enrichment of quartz and feldspar surfaces confer mechanical and thermo‐mechanical performance of composites. Mineral inclusions caused no drastic changes to the MFI parameter of TPU. The silane layer on the mineral surface displayed a barrier effect to water uptake of composites. Homogeneous dispersion and improved interfacial adhesion of mineral particles to the TPU phase were confirmed with help of SEM observations. Quartz exhibited slightly higher performance thanks to its silica‐rich composition. The findings of this research exhibited the considerable influence of the silane layer on the mineral surface on the mechanical performance of TPU‐based composites.
Accuracy and reconstruction in autobiographical memory: (Re)consolidating neuroscience and sociocultural developmental approaches
Authors: Fivush Robyn , Grysman Azriel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAutobiographical memories are never isolated episodes; they are embedded in a network that is continually updated and prediction driven. We present autobiographical memory as a meaning‐driven process that includes both veridical traces and reconstructive schemas. Our developmental approach delineates how autobiographical memory develops across childhood and throughout adulthood, and our sociocultural approach examines the ways in which autobiographical memories are shaped by everyday social interactions embedded within cultural worldviews. These approaches are enhanced by a focus on autobiographical memory functions, namely self‐coherence, social embeddedness, and directing future behaviors. Neuroscience models of memory outlined in multiple trace and trace transformation theories and perceptual principles of predictive processing establish mechanisms and frameworks into which autobiographical memory processes are incorporated. Rather than conceptualizing autobiographical and episodic memories as accurate versus error‐prone, we frame memory as a dynamic process that is continuously updated to create coherent meaning for individuals living in complex sociocultural worlds. Autobiographical memory is a process of both accuracy and error, an intricate weaving of specific episodic details, inferences and confusions among similar experiences; it incorporates post‐event information through reminiscing and conversations, in the service of creating more meaningful coherent memories that define self, others, and the world.This article is categorized under:
Psychology > Memory
Replicas, averaging and factorization in the IIB matrix model
Authors: Čubrović Mihailo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study the partition functions of multiple replicas (copies) of D-brane configurations in the type IIB (IKKT) matrix model. We consider the quenched regime, where small fluctuations of the matrices are superimposed onto the slow (quenched) dynamics of the background, so the partition function is an ensemble average over the background. Interacting D-branes always factorize in a simple way. On the other hand, the non-interacting BPS configurations may or may not factorize depending on the number of replicas, and their factorization mechanism is more involved as the corresponding saddle-point solutions (half-wormholes) break the replica symmetry. We argue that the simple factorization mechanism of interacting branes is actually more interesting as it carries the specific signatures of quantum gravity, which are absent from disordered field theories like the SYK model.
Vacuum decay and bubble nucleation in the anti-de Sitter black holes
Authors: Li Ran , Wang Jin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study the vacuum decay and the bubble nucleation in the anti-de Sitter black holes. In the bubble nucleation spacetime, the interior and the exterior of the bubble wall are described by two anti-de Sitter black hole spacetimes with different cosmological constants. We calculate the Euclidean action of the bubble nucleation spacetime and give the numerical results of the tunneling rates for different cases. It is shown that the black hole can act as a source of inhomogeneities and catalyze the vacuum decay and the bubble nucleation in the anti-de Sitter spacetime. For the RNAdS black holes, the tunneling rate to the final RNAdS black hole with the minimum critical mass is the highest among all the possible tunneling channels.
Präklinische Ersteinschätzung am Einsatzort
Authors: Schmid Bonaventura , Sauer Florian , Busch Hans-Jörg 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Einschätzung des Zustandes von NotfallpatientInnen durch den Rettungsdienst, sei es durch NotfallsanitäterInnen oder auch NotärztInnen, ist ein essenzieller Teil der Arbeit des Rettungsdienstes. Sie dient der adäquaten Notfallversorgung vor Ort, der Indikationsstellung für eine Einweisung und Auswahl des weiterversorgenden Krankenhauses, aber auch der richtigen und schonenden Nutzung stationärer Ressourcen und somit der Gesamtheit sowie auch den individuellen NotfallpatientInnen.Die Grundlage für eine korrekte Einschätzung bilden eine fundierte Ausbildung in präklinischer Notfallmedizin, klinische Erfahrung, aber auch entsprechende Scores und Instrumente zur Beurteilung der PatientInnen für ein einheitliches und an die aktuellen Qualitätsstandards angelehntes Vorgehen.Die präklinische Ersteinschätzung ist sowohl entscheidend für unmittelbar lebensbedrohlich erkrankte PatientInnen als auch für PatientInnen mit weniger schwerwiegenden Erkrankungen. Das Ausmaß und die Dringlichkeit der Behandlung unterscheiden sich aufgrund der Schwere der Erkrankung oder Verletzung und müssen durch das Team des Rettungsdienstes richtig abgeschätzt werden.
The future of data-driven relationship innovation in the microfinance industry
Authors: Hani Umme , Wickramasinghe Ananda , Kattiyapornpong Uraiporn , Sajib Shahriar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractData-driven innovation (DDI) initiatives by microfinance institutes have transformed the global poverty alleviation landscape. Despite the fact that relationship building is one of the primary goals of DDI initiatives in microfinance operations, there has been little research on the dimensions of relationship quality. This study examines how DDI initiatives recognize and incorporate relational dimensions in their service offerings to alleviate poverty. Drawing on a systematic literature review, thematic analysis and interviews with 20 microfinance managers, this research explores the relationship quality parameters that need to be leveraged. Grounded in the resource-based theory, the findings of this study confirm trust and commitment as two key relationship capabilities. The findings contribute to a better understanding of how microfinance institutes can use DDI to achieve sustainable competitive advantage.
Years of life lost during the Covid-19 pandemic in Sweden considering variation in life expectancy by level of geriatric care
Authors: Ebeling Marcus , Acosta Enrique , Caswell Hal , Meyer Anna C. , Modig Karin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Covid-19 pandemic has not affected the population evenly. This must be acknowledged when it comes to understanding the Covid-19 death toll and answering the question of how many life years have been lost. We use level of geriatric care to account for variation in remaining life expectancy among individuals that died during 2020. Based on a linkage of administrative registers, we estimate remaining life expectancy stratified by age, sex, and care status using an incidence-based multistate model and analyze the number of years of life lost (YLL) during 2020 in Sweden. Our results show that remaining life expectancy between individuals with and without care differs substantially. More than half of all Covid-19 deaths had a remaining life expectancy lower than 4 years. Yet, in a 1-year perspective, Covid-19 did not seem to replace other causes of death. Not considering the differences in remaining life expectancy in the affected populations overestimated YLL by 40% for women and 30% for men, or around 2 years per death. While the unadjusted YLL from Covid-19 amounted to an average of 7.5 years for women and 8.6 years for men, the corresponding YLL adjusted for care status were 5.4 and 6.6, respectively. The total number of YLL to Covid-19 in 2020 is comparable to YLL from ischemic heart disease in 2019 and 2020. Our results urge the use of subgroup specific mortality when counting the burden of Covid-19. YLL are considerably reduced when the varying susceptibility for death is considered, but even if most lifespans were cut in the last years of life, the YLL are still substantial.