bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Principal Component Analysis of FTIR Data to Accurately Assess the Real/Equivalent In‐Service‐Times of Homogenous Solid Propellant
Authors: Chelouche Salim , Trache Djalal , Benlemir Riad , Soudani Allaoua 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study was devoted to setting up new methodologies for an accurate assessment of both real and equivalent in‐service‐times (RIST/EIST) of homogenous solid propellants (HSP) through a combination of principal component analysis (PCA) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Four double‐base rocket propellants (DBRP) have been artificially aged at T=338.65 K for 4 months with sampling every 20 days. FTIR showed that the homolytic scission of the O‐NO2 bonds and the hydrocarbon chains of the nitrate esters are the main processes occurring during the chemical decomposition. The scatter plot from PCA of FTIR spectra shows that over 93 % of the variance was described by the first principal component. Moreover, the loading plot designated the three characteristic FTIR bands from the nitro (NO2) group as the most influenced by aging. A new PCA/FTIR experimental way was set to accurately assess the RIST of HSPs. The relative deviation associated with the RIST evaluated by the present procedure and those from the PCA/VST experimental way, recently developed, was found to range from 4.0 % to 6.7 %. Subsequently, a PCA/FTIR prediction model of the EIST is established. The predictions present a relative deviation of less than 7.1 % compared to the recent PCA/VST model. The accuracy of the model was further confirmed using similar DBRPs artificially aged for 6, 8, 10, and 12 months. The relative variation between the RIST provided by the PCA/FTIR procedure and the prediction model was found less than 5 %, thus confirming the highest accuracy of such combination.
Formation of Interfacial Cu‐[OX]‐Ce Structures with Oxygen Vacancies for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction
Authors: Jing Peng , Liu Peixin , Hu Minghao , Xu Xuan , Liu Baocang , Zhang Jun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractElectrochemical nitrogen reduction powered by renewable electricity is a promising strategy to produce ammonia. However, the lack of efficient yet cheap electrocatalysts remains the biggest challenge. Herein, hybrid Cu2O‐CeO2‐C nanorods are prepared on copper mesh through a metal‐organic framework template route. The Cu‐loaded Ce‐MOF is thermally converted to Cu2O‐CeO2 heterojunctions with interfacial Cu‐[OX]‐Ce structures embedded in carbon. Theoretical calculations reveal the lower formation energy of oxygen vacancies in Cu‐[OX]‐Ce structures than in the Cu2O or CeO2 phase. The Cu‐[OX]‐Ce structures with oxygen vacancies enable the formation of interfacial electron‐rich Cu(I) species which show significantly enhanced performance toward electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction with an NH3 yield of 6.37 × 10−3 µg s−1 cm−2 and a Faradaic efficiency of 18.21% in 0.10 m KOH at −0.3 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. This work highlights the importance of modulation of charge distribution of Cu‐based electrocatalysts to boost the activity toward nitrogen reduction.
GENERIC framework for reactive fluid flows
Authors: Zafferi Andrea , Peschka Dirk , Thomas Marita 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe describe reactive fluid flows in terms of the formalismGeneral Equation for Non‐Equilibrium Reversible‐Irreversible Couplingalso known as GENERIC. We present the thermodynamical and mechanical foundations for the treatment of fluid flows using GENERIC and present a framework for noninvertible transformations, that is in particular applied to transformations of variational approaches between Lagrangian and Eulerian coordinates. We bring the abstract framework to life by providing many physically relevant examples for reactive compressible fluid flows.
Ultraviolet light alters experimental aquarium water microbial communities
Authors: Van Bonn William , Oliaro Francis J. , Pinnell Lee J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe effect of ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, alone and in combination with CO2 exposure, on the water microbial community composition was tested in replicate experimental aquaria using source water from an established Amazon‐themed exhibit housing mixed species of fishes. Total bacterial abundance, α‐diversity metrics, and β‐diversity metrics were determined 3 weeks and 1 week before, and weekly during 8 weeks of continuous treatment. The UV treatment significantly lowered the overall bacterial abundance while CO2 treatment had no effect. However, the UV exposure effect was variable across phyla. Some phyla were decreased while others were increased, including some of potential clinical significance. At the genus level, there were no significant differences in the relative abundance of Mycobacteria between treatments and an increase in the relative abundance of Aeromonas spp. with UV light treatment. Further work is needed to determine if the observed effects are dose‐dependent or if different exposure doses produce different results.
Introduction
Authors: Patrick Stephanie , Rajiva Mythili 
Published: May 2022

Abstract#MeToo is a contemporary global feminist movement against sexual violence and rape culture, including media representations that normalize gendered violence. But #MeToo has also re-centered white, western, middle-class, heteronormative, and able-bodied women. This collection explores who is left out of mainstream media stories of sexual violence, critiquing feminist media studies work that ignores black feminist and intersectional scholarship. Topics include 1990s filmic representations of white working-class girls; the disposability of televisual sex workers; the fetishizing and/or disappearing of racialized characters in order to center white heroism and/or heteronormativity; the explicit construction of fat women as impossible victims; and rape-revenge films in Japanese cinema. Finally, outside traditional media, topics include Canadian true crime podcasts on Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women; problematic tropes on reality television; the coding of sexual violence in digital assistants; and the subversive potential of stand-up comedy shows that center the experiences of rape victims.
tgEDMD: Approximation of the Kolmogorov Operator in Tensor Train Format
Authors: Lücke Marvin , Nüske Feliks 
Published: May 2022

AbstractExtracting information about dynamical systems from models learned off simulation data has become an increasingly important research topic in the natural and engineering sciences. Modeling the Koopman operator semigroup has played a central role in this context. As the approximation quality of any such model critically depends on the basis set, recent work has focused on deriving data-efficient representations of the Koopman operator in low-rank tensor formats, enabling the use of powerful model classes while avoiding over-fitting. On the other hand, detailed information about the system at hand can be extracted from models for the infinitesimal generator, also called Kolmogorov backward operator for stochastic differential equations. In this work, we present a data-driven method to efficiently approximate the generator using the tensor train (TT) format. The centerpiece of the method is a TT representation of the tensor of generator evaluations at all data sites. We analyze consistency and complexity of the method, present extensions to practically relevant settings, and demonstrate its applicability to benchmark numerical examples.
Protocol for the multicentre prospective paediatric craniectomy and cranioplasty registry (pedCCR) under the auspices of the European Society for Paediatric Neurosurgery (ESPN)
Authors: Beez Thomas , Schuhmann Martin U. , Frassanito Paolo , Di Rocco Federico , Thomale Ulrich W. , Bock Hans Christoph 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In the paediatric age group, the overall degree of evidence regarding decompressive craniectomy (DC) and cranioplasty is low, whereas in adults, randomised controlled trials and prospective multicentre registries are available. To improve the evidence-based treatment of children, a consensus was reached to establish a prospective registry under the auspices of the European Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery (ESPN).

Methods
This international multicentre prospective registry is aimed at collecting information on the indication, timing, technique and outcome of DC and cranioplasty in children. The registry will enrol patients ≤ 16 years of age at the time of surgery, irrespective of the underlying medical condition. The study design comprises four obligatory entry points as a core dataset, with an unlimited number of further follow-up entry points to allow documentation until adolescence or adulthood. Study centres should commit to complete data entry and long-term follow-up.

Results
Data collection will be performed via a web-based portal (homepage: www.pedccr.com) in a central anonymised database after local ethics board approval. An ESPN steering committee will monitor the project’s progress, coordinate analyses of data and presentation of results at conferences and in publications on behalf of the study group.

Conclusion
The registry aims to define predictors for optimal medical care and patient-centred treatment outcomes. The ultimate goal of the registry is to generate results that are so relevant to be directly transferred into clinical practice to enhance treatment protocols.
Influence of stance width on standing balance in healthy older adults
Authors: Schmidle Stephanie , de Crignis Alexandra Charlotte , Stürzer Manuela , Hermsdörfer Joachim , Jahn Klaus , Krewer Carmen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPosturography is an objective way to systematically interpret postural control. Recent evidence suggests self-selected stance width when conducting posturography in healthy young participants, as it is easy to perform yet standardized. It is unclear, if this is similarly applicable to healthy older adults which can better serve as comparison group for persons with specific impairments, like Parkinson’s disease, who might have problems with set foot distances. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different stance widths on a set of parameters in healthy older adults. Twenty-four healthy elderly (65.6 ± 5.0 years, BMI 26.2 ± 4.5 kg/m2) participated in the study. Posturographic measurement consisted of two tests (body sway, BS; limits of stability, LoS) each assessed in five stance widths on a force platform. A series of time domain and frequency domain parameters, such as BS and LoS range, sample entropy, mean velocity, and balance functional reserve were calculated. Anthropometric parameters and self-selected stance width (mean 17.7 ± 4.7 cm) showed positive correlation. One-way repeated measures MANOVA revealed significant differences between all parameters and foot positions. Except for sample entropy in A-P dimension, univariate analysis showed significant effects of stance widths on the parameters with stronger effects on M-L dimensions. Outcomes acquired in self-selected stance width provide comparable results to standardized stance widths 20 and 30 cm. The recommendation of self-selected stance width can be adopted to older healthy subjects. Furthermore, it reflects a natural stance and includes individual body composition.
A brief history of brain iron accumulation in Parkinson disease and related disorders
Authors: Foley Paul B. , Hare Dominic J. , Double Kay L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIron has a long and storied history in Parkinson disease and related disorders. This essential micronutrient is critical for normal brain function, but abnormal brain iron accumulation has been associated with extrapyramidal disease for a century. Precisely why, how, and when iron is implicated in neuronal death remains the subject of investigation. In this article, we review the history of iron in movement disorders, from the first observations in the early twentieth century to recent efforts that view extrapyramidal iron as a novel therapeutic target and diagnostic indicator.
Geometrization vs. unification: the Reichenbach–Einstein quarrel about the Fernparallelismus field theory
Authors: Giovanelli Marco 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study reconstructs the 1928–1929 correspondence between Reichenbach and Einstein about the latter’s latest distant parallelism-unified field theory, which attracted considerable public attention at the end of the 1920s. Reichenbach, who had recently become a Professor in Berlin, had the opportunity to discuss the theory with Einstein and therefore sent him a manuscript with some comments for feedback. The document has been preserved among Einstein’s papers. However, the subsequent correspondence took an unpleasant turn after Reichenbach published a popular article on distant parallelism in a newspaper. Einstein directly wrote to the Editorial Board complaining about Reichenbach’s unfair use of off-the-record information. While Reichenbach’s reply demonstrates a sense of personal betrayal at Einstein’s behavior, his published writings of that period point to a sense of intellectual betrayal of their shared philosophical ideals. In his attempts to unify both electricity and gravitation, Einstein had abandoned the physical heuristic that guided him to the relativity theory, to embrace a more speculative, mathematical heuristic that he and Reichenbach had both previously condemned. A decade-long personal and intellectual friendship grew fainter and then never recovered. This study, relying on archival material, aims to revisit the Reichenbach–Einstein relationship in the late 1920s in light of Reichenbach’s neglected contributions to the epistemology of the unified field theory program. Thereby, it hopes to provide a richer account of Reichenbach’s philosophy of space and time.
Re-Strukturierung des Berufseinstiegs
Authors: Janssen Inka 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Berufsanerkennungsjahr steht unter dem Schutzmantel der Anleitung und hat eine gesonderte Stellung innerhalb einer Kolleg_innenschaft. Die im Studium erworbenen Qualifikationen bedürfen eines angemessenen Transfers in der Praxis. Doch dieser muss, dem abgeschlossenen Studium entsprechend, adäquat entlohnt und anerkannt werden.
Morphometric deterministic model for prediction of sediment yield index for selected watersheds in upper Narmada Basin
Authors: Meshram Sarita Gajbhiye , Meshram Chandrashekhar , Hasan Mohd Abul , Khan Muhammad Arshad , Islam Saiful 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSoil erosion is common and has a wide range of spatiotemporal variability. It is crucial in determining sediment output, which is essential for proper watershed management. In this research, we propose morphometric deterministic models (MDM) for prediction of sediment yield index using morphometric parameters of 49 watersheds from Upper Narmada Basin of Madhya Pradesh state, India. For this purpose, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission generated Digital Elevation Model was used to extract and analyze 12 morphometric parameters including linear, aerial, and relief parameters. Principle Component Analysis has been applied for the most effective parameter estimation. The linear and nonlinear MDM were discovered to be suitable for the field of sediment research due to the high value of R2 (over 70%). The sediment yield forecasting is critical for taking the appropriate management measures in the watershed to reduce the sediment load in the reservoir and extend the life of the structure.
Impact of dose reducing software on patient and staff temple dose during fluoroscopically guided pacemaker insertion, closure devices implantation and coronary angiography procedures
Authors: Wilson-Stewart Kelly S. , Fontanarosa Davide , Malacova Eva , Trapp Jamie V. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of dose reducing software (ClarityIQ) on patient and staff dose during fluoroscopically guided cardiac procedures. Dose measurements were collected in a room without dose reducing software (n = 157) and compared with similar procedures performed in two rooms with the software (n = 1141). Procedures included diagnostic coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention, deployment of cardiac closure devices (for occlusion of atrial septal defect, patent foramen ovale, and atrial appendage) and insertion of permanent pacemakers. The dose reducing software was found to be effective in reducing patient and staff dose by approximately 50%. This study has added to the limited literature reporting on the capability of dose reducing software to decrease radiation exposure during the implantation of cardiac closure devices, as well as demonstrating a reduction in dose to the cardiologist and nursing staff. Administrators should ensure timely upgrades to angiographic equipment to safeguard patients and staff against the potentially adverse effects of radiation exposure. Regardless of the use of dose reducing software, the mean occupational dose during closure devices was in descending order scout > scrub > cardiologist. Scrub nurse dose was found to be higher than the cardiologist during closure devices (0.98/0.26 μSv) and diagnostic coronary angiograms (1.51/0.82 μSv). Nursing staff should be aware that their levels of radiation dose during some cardiac procedures may come close to or even exceed that of the cardiologist.
Principles of Model Specification in ANOVA Designs
Authors: Rouder Jeffrey N. , Schnuerch Martin , Haaf Julia M. , Morey Richard D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractANOVA—the workhorse of experimental psychology—seems well understood in that behavioral sciences have agreed-upon contrasts and reporting conventions. Yet, we argue this consensus hides considerable flaws in common ANOVA procedures, and these flaws become especially salient in the within-subject and mixed-model cases. The main thesis is that these flaws are in model specification. The specifications underlying common use are deficient from a substantive perspective, that is, they do not match reality in behavioral experiments. The problem, in particular, is that specifications rely on coincidental rather than robust statements about reality. We provide specifications that avoid making arguments based on coincidences, and note these Bayes factor model comparisons among these specifications are already convenient in the BayesFactor package. Finally, we argue that model specification necessarily and critically reflects substantive concerns, and, consequently, is ultimately the responsibility of substantive researchers. Source code for this project is at github/PerceptionAndCognitionLab/stat_aov2.
084 Short-Term Stretched Penile Length Analysis for Subsequent Erectile Dysfunction after Robotic-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy with Bilateral Neurovascular Bundle Preservation
Authors: Yang CH , Lin YS , Ou YC , Weng WC , Huang LH , Lu CH , Hsu CY , Tung MC 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Stretched Penile Length (SPL) is observed to shrink after radical prostatectomy (RP) and has chances resuming the length as long as 12 months.

Objective
To assess the short-term SPL change from patients after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) with bilateral neurovascular bundle (NVB) preservation and experiencing subsequent erectile dysfunction (ED). Effects from tadalafil, post-operative androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), and no medication or intervention are compared.

Methods
From April to December 2018, patients developing ED (IIEF-5&lt;22) after RARP with bilateral NVB preservation were included. SPL was measured as length from pubic symphysis to external urethral opening. Tadalafil 5 mg once daily (Group 1), postoperative ADT (Group 2) and control group (Group 3) were classified. Postoperative ADT was prescribed during the whole periods of 6 months for surgical adverse effects in group 2. Follow-ups were arranged 2 weeks after operation in the first time, and then every month up to 6 months. Student t test, chi-square test and SAS 9.4 were utilized to see if significant difference when p&lt;0.05.

Results
With 64 men, 1 was excluded for preoperative ADT use. SPL-related comparisons were listed at Table 1. Preoperative SPL was measured without differences. Generally, in 6-month span, more men were with increased SPL in group 1 than in group 3, and also more with deterioration compared to group 3 (p=0.048). Same trend was observed in group 2 compared to group 3 (p=0.036). Men in group 1 (at the time deciding to take tadalafil) experienced a worse shortening SPL than group 3 (the 30–day change after operation) (p&lt; 0.0001). Significantly improvement on SPL between before (7.93±1.89 (median: 7.5) cm) and after (8.59±2.17 (median:9) cm) tadalafil in group 1 (p=0.037) and also significantly improved against the SPL change from post-operative 30-day to 5-month of group 3 (p=0.004).

Conclusions
In our analysis, 63.7% of subsequent ED after RARP with bilateral NVB preservation would experience SPL shortening around 3 cm (around 30% of preoperative SPL) if only observation in 6 months after operation. Postoperative ADT for 6 months would contribute to approximately additional 15% shortening rates with the same degree. Significant improvement around 1 cm (around 10% of the preoperative SPL) on SPL was observed after tadalafil 5 mg once daily with median 4-month prescription.

Disclosure
Work supported by industry: no.
092 Characteristics and Frequency of Fibrosis in Men with Erectile Dysfunction Treated with Intracavernous Drugs
Authors: Corredor H , Jimenez J , Rodríguez S , Chapa B , Chavez S , Sandoval C 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Fibrosis of the corpora cavernosa is a complication related to the use of intracavernous medication (FIC) for erectile dysfunction (ED), which can produce sequelae that affect the quality of sexual intercourse.

Objective
The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of fibrosis in a group of ED patients treated with intracavernous medication with a magisterial combination of papaverine, phentolamine, atropine, and alprostadil and to characterize this event.

Methods
The clinical records of men with ED and use of FIC treated in an institution in the city of Monterrey in Mexico during 2018 were reviewed. Those with reports of complications after the use of treatment were identified and the search was complemented with the report of adverse events of the same year. The sociodemographic and clinical data of the patients were extracted, and a descriptive analysis of the information was made.

Results
252 patients were treated with FIC in the period of interest. Five of them (0.019%) had fibrosis in the penis. Age ranged from 47 to 74 years, none had diabetes or other fibrosis-associated comorbidities, and no previous episodes of priapism were reported. The dose of the FIC varied with application between 2 and 3 times a week. The time from treatment to plaque formation varied between 3 and 10 months, the largest size of the lesion was 0.6 × 0.4 cm. Three patients reported failures with the technique of application of the intracavernous medication; four reported curvature between 10 and 40 degrees. Regarding the consequences of fibrosis, two patients reported pain, one patient informed inability to penetrate during intercourse, and another patient reported shortening of his penis.

Conclusions
The frequency of fibrosis in patients with ED after the use of intracavernous medication is low, however, those affected may present pain and inability to penetrate and have satisfactory sexual relations.

Disclosure
Work supported by industry: no. A consultant, employee (part time or full time) or shareholder is among the authors (Boston Medical Group).