bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How negative and positive constructs and comorbid conditions contribute to disability in chronic orofacial pain
Authors: Thomas Sharon , Wang Yang , Cundiff‐O'Sullivan Rachel , Massalee Rachel , Colloca Luana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundTemporomandibular disorders (TMD) symptoms develop into chronic pain for some patients, but the reasons for this are unclear. Psychosocial factors and chronic overlapping pain conditions are believed to contribute to the development of pain‐related disability. We examined the role of jaw function, negative and positive psychological factors and chronic overlapping pain conditions (COPCs) on pain‐related disability whilst controlling for demographic variables.MethodsWe collected demographics, medical and psychosocial history and the Graded Chronic Pain Scale, a measure of pain intensity and pain interference from 400 participants with chronic TMD. Structural equation modelling was used to assess a model of COPCs and the latent variables of psychological unease (pain catastrophizing, somatic symptoms and negative affect), positive valence factors (optimism and positive affect), jaw function (chewing, opening and expression limitation) and pain‐related disability (pain intensity and pain interference) whilst controlling for demographic variables.ResultsWe achieved good fit of a parsimonious model (root‐mean‐square error of approximation = 0.063 [90% CI] [0.051–0.075]), comparative fit index = 0.942, standard root‐mean‐square residual = 0.067. Jaw function was the strongest latent variable predictor, followed by psychological unease and COPCs suggesting resources focused on improving joint function, psychosocial support and management of COPCs will improve pain‐related disability in TMDs.ConclusionsThese findings not only increase the body of knowledge related to TMD clinical phenotypes but also, have a translational impact in further supporting the potential value of targeting physical therapy such as jaw exercise along with psychological interventions as multidisciplinary nonpharmacological therapeutic solutions.
Stochastic tropical cyclone precipitation field generation
Authors: Kleiber William , Sain Stephan , Madaus Luke , Harr Patrick 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTropical cyclones are important drivers of coastal flooding which have severe negative public safety and economic consequences. Due to the rare occurrence of such events, high spatial and temporal resolution historical storm precipitation data are limited in availability. This article introduces a statistical tropical cyclone space‐time precipitation generator given limited information from storm track datasets. Given a handful of predictor variables that are common in either historical or simulated storm track ensembles such as pressure deficit at the storm's center, radius of maximal winds, storm center and direction, and distance to coast, the proposed stochastic model generates space‐time fields of quantitative precipitation over the study domain. Statistically novel aspects include that the model is developed in Lagrangian coordinates with respect to the dynamic storm center that uses ideas from low‐rank representations along with circular process models. The model is trained on a set of tropical cyclone data from an advanced weather forecasting model over the Gulf of Mexico and southern United States, and is validated by cross‐validation. Results show the model appropriately captures spatial asymmetry of cyclone precipitation patterns, total precipitation as well as the local distribution of precipitation at a set of case study locations along the coast. We additionally compare our model against a widely‐used statistical forecast, and illustrate that our approach better captures uncertainty, as well as storm characteristics such as asymmetry.
Functional connectivity gradients of the insula to different cerebral systems
Authors: Wang Rui , Mo Fan , Shen Yuhao , Song Yu , Cai Huanhuan , Zhu Jiajia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe diverse functional roles of the insula may emerge from its heavy connectivity to an extensive network of cortical and subcortical areas. Despite several previous attempts to investigate the hierarchical organization of the insula by applying the recently developed gradient approach to insula‐to‐whole brain connectivity data, little is known about whether and how there is variability across connectivity gradients of the insula to different cerebral systems. Resting‐state functional MRI data from 793 healthy subjects were used to discover and validate functional connectivity gradients of the insula, which were computed based on its voxel‐wise functional connectivity profiles to distinct cerebral systems. We identified three primary patterns of functional connectivity gradients of the insula to distinct cerebral systems. The connectivity gradients to the higher‐order transmodal associative systems, including the prefrontal, posterior parietal, temporal cortices, and limbic lobule, showed a ventroanterior‐dorsal axis across the insula; those to the lower‐order unimodal primary systems, including the motor, somatosensory, and occipital cortices, displayed radiating transitions from dorsoanterior toward both ventroanterior and dorsoposterior parts of the insula; the connectivity gradient to the subcortical nuclei exhibited an organization along the anterior–posterior axis of the insula. Apart from complementing and extending previous literature on the heterogeneous connectivity patterns of insula subregions, the presented framework may offer ample opportunities to refine our understanding of the role of the insula in many brain disorders.
Approach to emergency dermatology cases in dogs and cats
Authors: De Bellis Filippo , Di Mattia Diana 
Published: October 2022

Background: Skin disease is a common presentation in small animal, first‐opinion veterinary practice and it generally has an insidious onset, requiring long‐term management by both practitioners and clients. However, there are a handful of dermatopathies that occur acutely, causing striking skin lesions and/or systemic disease. The majority of these emergency dermatopathies are not regularly seen, thus the literature is minimal and practitioners may not be familiar with their aetiology, clinical appearance, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.Aim of the article: This article discusses the key features of the main dermatological emergencies of dogs and cats, with a focus on clinical presentation, diagnosis and therapeutic options.
A bone‐on‐a‐chip collagen hydrogel‐based model using pre‐differentiated adipose‐derived stem cells for personalized bone tissue engineering
Authors: Alamán‐Díez Pilar , García‐Gareta Elena , Arruebo Manuel , Pérez María Ángeles 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells have contributed to the continuous progress of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSC) possess many advantages compared to other origins including easy tissue harvesting, self‐renewal potential, and fast population doubling time. As multipotent cells, they can differentiate into osteoblastic cell linages. In vitro bone models are needed to carry out an initial safety assessment in the study of novel bone regeneration therapies. We hypothesized that 3D bone‐on‐a‐chip models containing ADSC could closely recreate the physiological bone microenvironment and promote differentiation. They represent an intermedium step between traditional 2D–in vitro and in vivo experiments facilitating the screening of therapeutic molecules while saving resources. Herein, we have differentiated ADSC for 7 and 14 days and used them to fabricate in vitro bone models by embedding the pre‐differentiated cells in a 3D collagen matrix placed in a microfluidic chip. Osteogenic markers such as alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium mineralization, changes on cell morphology, and expression of specific proteins (bone sialoprotein 2, dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein‐1, and osteocalcin) were evaluated to determine cell differentiation potential and evolution. This is the first miniaturized 3D‐in vitro bone model created from pre‐differentiated ADSC embedded in a hydrogel collagen matrix which could be used for personalized bone tissue engineering.
Mechanisms of magnesium oxide‐incorporated electrospun membrane modulating inflammation and accelerating wound healing
Authors: Liu Mingyue , Zhang Weixing , Chen Zhe , Ding Yangfan , Sun Binbin , Wang Hongsheng , Mo Xiumei , Wu Jinglei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPreviously, we demonstrated that magnesium oxide (MgO)‐incorporated electrospun membranes show powerful antibacterial activity and promote wound healing, but the underlying mechanisms have not been entirely understood. Herein, we investigated the relationship between structure and function of MgO‐incorporated membranes and interrogated critical bioactive cues that contribute to accelerated wound healing and functional restoration. Our results show that MgO‐incorporated membranes exhibit good flexibility and improved water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs) and sustained Mg2+ release in a simulated model of wounds. MgO‐incorporated membranes modulate macrophage phenotype to downregulate inflammatory response, contributing to alleviated inflammation and creating a favorable microenvironment for wound healing. Specifically, MgO‐incorporated membranes stimulate macrophages to shift to a pro‐healing M2 phenotype and upregulate pro‐healing cytokine of transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (TGF‐β1) and downregulate pro‐inflammatory cytokines under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge conditions. Together with increased TGF‐β1 by macrophages, MgO‐incorporated membranes significantly boost the proliferation of fibroblasts and upregulate collagen production, thus driving granulation tissue formation and wound closure. MgO‐incorporated membranes promote angiogenesis by promoting tube formation and upregulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production of endothelial cells. Rapid epithelialization of regenerated skin tissue is attributed to the balanced phenotype of keratinocytes between proliferative and terminally differentiated populations. In addition to coordinating keratinocyte phenotype, MgO‐incorporated membranes reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokine interleukin 1‐alpha (IL‐1α) therefore promoting hair follicle regeneration. These data provide mechanisms of MgO‐incorporated membranes that inhibit bacterial infection, alleviate inflammation, facilitate extracellular matrix production and epithelialization, and potentiate hair follicle regeneration.
Fabrication and histological evaluation of ant‐nest type porous carbonate apatite artificial bone using polyurethane foam as a porogen
Authors: Tan Janice Lay Tin , Shimabukuro Masaya , Kishida Ryo , Ishikawa Kunio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe composition of carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) aids bone regeneration. Other features, such as porosity and pore interconnectivity of artificial bone, also govern bone regeneration. In general, a trade‐off exists between the porosity and mechanical strength of artificial bone. Therefore, this suggests that the interconnected pores in the ant‐nest‐type porous (ANP) structure of artificial bone accelerate bone regeneration by minimizing the sacrifice of mechanical strength. The unique structure of polyurethane foam has the potential to endow CO3Ap with an ANP structure without forming excess pores. This study investigated the efficacy of polyurethane foam as a porogen in providing ANP structure to CO3Ap artificial bone. The polyurethane foam was completely decomposed by sintering and the resulting CO3Ap displayed ANP structure with a compressive strength of approximately 15 MPa. Furthermore, in vivo experiments revealed that the migration of cells and tissues into the interior of CO3Ap through the interconnected pores accelerated bone regeneration in the ANP‐structured CO3Ap. Thus, this indicates that using polyurethane foam as a porogen endows the CO3Ap artificial bone with an ANP structure that accelerates bone regeneration.
Identification of an m6A‐related lncRNA prognostic signature in colorectal cancer
Authors: Shi Zhi‐Liang , Yang Xiaoling , Shen Cheng‐Long , Zhou Guo‐Qiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractData sets of colorectal cancer (CRC) were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), three N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) subtypes were identified using 21 m6A‐related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and differential m6A subtypes of different CRC tumors were determined in this study to evaluate the m6A expression and the prognosis of patients with CRC. Subsequently, eight key lncRNAs were identified based on co‐expression with 21 m6A‐related genes in CRC tumors using the single‐factor Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. Finally, an m6A‐related lncRNA risk score model of CRC tumor was established using multifactor Cox regression based on the eight important lncRNAs and found to have a better performance in evaluating the prognosis of patients in the TCGA‐CRC data set. TCGA‐CRC tumor samples were divided based on the risk scores: high and low. Then, the clinical characteristics, tumor mutation load, and tumor immune cell infiltration difference between the high‐ and low‐risk‐score groups were explored, and the predictive ability of the risk score was assessed for immunotherapeutic benefits. We found that the risk score model can determine the overall survival, be a relatively independent prognostic indicator, and better evaluate the immunotherapeutic benefits for patients with CRC. This study provides data support for accurate immunotherapy in CRC.
Differential role of Pax6 and its interaction with Shh–Gli1–IDH2 axis in regulation of glioma growth and chemoresistance
Authors: Farheen Shirin , Ahmed Swalih P. , Mariyath P. M. Mubeena , Kausar Tasneem , Hoda Md. Fakhrul , Arif Sayeedul H. , Nayeem Shahid M. , Ali Asif , Chosdol Kunzang , Shahi Mehdi H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGlioma is a major brain tumor, and the associated mortality rate is very high. Contemporary therapies provide a chance of survival for 9–12 months. Therefore, a novel approach is essential to improve the survival rate. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) cell signaling is critical for early development in various tumors. This investigation attempted to explore the potential interaction and regulation of Shh–Gli1 cell signaling in association with paired box 6 (Pax6) and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2). The expression pattern of Shh, Gli1, Pax6, and IDH2 was examined by transcriptome analysis, immunohistochemistry, and confocal images. The results suggest the interaction of Shh–Gli1 cell signaling pathway with Pax6 and IDH2 and potential regulation. Thereafter, we performed protein–protein docking and molecular dynamic simulations (MDS) of Gli1 with Pax6 and IDH2. The results suggest differential dynamic interactions of Gli1‐IDH2 and Gli1‐Pax6. Gli1 knockdown downregulated the expression of Pax6 and upregulated the expression of IDH2. Moreover, Gli1 knockdown decreased the expression of the drug resistance gene MRP1. The knockdown of Pax6 gene in glioma cells downregulated the expression of Gli1 and IDH2 and promoted cell proliferation. Moreover, the efficacy of the treatment of glioma cells with temozolomide (TMZ) and Gli1 inhibitor GANT61 was higher than that of TMZ alone. MDS results revealed that the interactions of Gli1 with IDH2 were stronger and more stable than those with Pax6. Intriguingly, inhibition of Pax6 promoted glioma growth even in the presence of TMZ. However, the tumor‐suppressive nature of Pax6 was altered when Gli1 was inhibited by GANT61, and it showed potential oncogenic character, as observed in other cancers. Therefore, we conclude that Pax6 interacted with IDH2 and Gli1 in glioma. Moreover, the Shh–Gli1–IDH2/Pax6 cell signaling axis provides a new therapeutic approach for inhibiting the progression of the disease and mitigating drug resistance in glioma.
Morphology of ctenostome bryozoans: 6.Amphibiobeania epiphylla
Authors: Schwaha Thomas , Waeschenbach Andrea , De Blauwe Hans , Gordon Dennis P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCtenostome bryozoans are unmineralized and mostly marine. Their lack of calcified skeletal features requires other characters to be considered for systematic and phylogenetic considerations. As a continuation of an ongoing series of studies, we herein investigate the morphology ofAmphibiobeania epiphylla, a unique bryozoan inhabiting mangrove leaves that are highly exposed to tidal cycles and regular dry events according to the tidal cycle. Besides this interesting mode of life, the species was originally interpreted to be a weakly mineralized cheilostome bryozoan, whereas molecular data place it among ctenostome bryozoans. To elucidate the systematic and phylogenetic position of the genus and also find morphological adaptations to an extreme habitat, we investigated the morphology ofA. epiphyllain detail. Zooids show a lophophore with eight tentacles and a simple gut with a prominent caecum, lophophoral anus and most notably a distinct gizzard in the cardiac region. Gizzard teeth are multiple, simple homogeneous cuticular structures. The cuticle of the zooid is rather uniform and shows no respective thickenings into opercular flaps or folds. Likewise, apertural muscles are represented by a single pair of muscles. There are no specific closing muscles in the apertural area like the operculum occlusors of cheilostomes. Most prominent within zooids is a spongiose tissue filling most of the body cavity. Although not properly understood, this tissue may aid in keeping animals moist and hydrated during prolonged dry times. In summary, all morphological characters support a ctenostome rather than a cheilostome affinity, possibly with Vesicularioidea or Victorelloidea. In addition, we provide new molecular data that clearly supports such a closer relationship.
Quantitative Assessment of Restriction Spectrum MR Imaging for the Diagnosis of Breast Cancer and Association With Prognostic Factors
Authors: Qin Yanjin , Tang Caili , Hu Qilan , Zhang Yunfei , Yi Jingru , Dai Yongming , Ai Tao 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundRestriction spectrum imaging (RSI) is an advanced quantitative diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) technique to assess breast cancer.PurposeTo investigate the ability of RSI to differentiate the benign and malignant breast lesions and the association with prognostic factors of breast cancer.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationSeventy women (mean age, 49.6 ± 12.3 years) with 56 malignant and 19 benign breast lesions.Field Strength/Sequence3‐T; RSI‐based DWI sequence with echo‐planar imaging technique.AssessmentThe apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and RSI parameters (restricted diffusion f1, hindered diffusion f2, free diffusion f3, and signal fractions f1f2) were calculated by two readers for the whole lesion volume and compared between the benign and malignant groups and the subgroups with different statuses of prognostic factors in breast cancer.Statistical TestsMann–Whitney U test or Student's t‐test was applied to compare the quantitative parameters between the different groups. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess readers' reproducibility. Binary logistic regression was used to combine parameters. Area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of parameters to distinguish benign from malignant breast lesions. A P‐value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsMalignant breast lesions showed significantly lower ADC and f3 values, and significantly higher f1 and f1f2 values than the benign lesions, with AUC of 0.951, 0.877, 0.868, and 0.860, respectively. When RSI‐derived parameters and ADC were combined, the diagnostic performance was superior to either single parameter (AUC = 0.973). The f3 value was significantly differed between estrogen receptor (ER)‐positive and ER‐negative tumors. The ADC, f1, f3, and f1f2 values were significantly different progesterone receptor (PR)‐positive and PR‐negative status.Data ConclusionThe RSI‐derived parameters (f1, f3, and f1f2) may facilitate the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant breast lesions.Level of Evidence4Technical EfficacyStage 2
Polarized Raman spectroscopy on topological semimetal Co3Sn2S2
Authors: Tanaka Kenya , Nishihara Taishi , Takakura Akira , Segawa Yasutomo , Matsuda Kazunari , Miyauchi Yuhei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe present polarized Raman spectroscopy of the topological semimetal Co3Sn2S2, which was recently shown to host a Weyl semimetal phase. Stokes Raman spectra were obtained with the incident light parallel to the c‐axis of Co3Sn2S2. Two major phonon Raman peaks were observed at 289 and 386 cm−1 over continuous background emission signals. The intensity of the low‐wavenumber (289 cm−1) peak showed no polarization dependence. The high‐wavenumber (386 cm−1) peak and the continuous background signal were strongly polarized in the incident light polarization direction. These responses were almost independent of the in‐plane crystal orientation to the incident polarization, as is the manifestation of the
point group symmetry of the unit cell of Co3Sn2S2. According to the group theory and Raman tensor analyses, the low‐ and high‐wavenumber Raman signals are attributed to Γ point phonon modes with
and
symmetries, respectively. Furthermore, line shape analyses revealed that the high‐wavenumber
mode exhibited asymmetric peak feature well described by the Breit–Wigner–Fano function. These results suggest the Fano resonance between the
phonon scattering with the continuous electronic background associated with low energy excitations near the Fermi energy. The clarified phonon energies and symmetries, as well as the electronic contribution to the Raman scattering, will not only be useful as a fingerprint to readily verify the experimentally grown or theoretically calculated crystal structure but also suggest importance of Raman spectroscopy as an effective tool to study low energy excitations and their interactions in Co3Sn2S2.
Enhancing the biosynthesis of nicotinamide mononucleotide in Lactococcus lactis by heterologous expression of FtnadE*
Authors: Kong Ling‐Hui , Liu Tai‐Yu , Yao Qing‐Shou , Zhang Xiao‐Hua , Xu Wei‐Na , Qin Jia‐Yang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDNicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a key intermediate of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, plays an important in anti‐aging and disease. Lactococcus lactis, an important probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB), has shown great potential for the biosynthesis of NMN, which will significantly affect the probiotic effects of the dairy products.RESULTSWe used the CRISPR/nCas9 technique to knockout nadR gene of L. lactis NZ9000 to enhance the accumulation of NMN by 61%. The nadE* gene from Francisella tularensis with codon optimization was heterologous in L. lactis NZ9000ΔnadR and has a positive effect on NMN production. Combined with optimization of the concentration of substrate nicotinamide, a final intracellular NMN titer was 2289 μmol L–1 mg–1 with 10 g L–1 nicotinamide supplement, which was 5.7‐fold higher than that of the control. The transcription levels of key genes (pncA, nadD and prs1) involved in NMN biosynthesis were up‐regulated by more than two‐fold, indicating that the increase of NMN titer was attributed to FtnadE* heterologous expression.CONCLUSIONOur study provides a better understanding of the NMN biosynthesis pathway in L. lactis, and can facilitate NMN production in LAB via synthetic biology approaches. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.