bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
West African Dwarf goat populations of Tropical Rainforest zone: Application of Multivariate analysis tools on their characterization using morpho-biometric traits.
Authors: Okoro Victor Mela Obinna , Chikereuba Uzoamaka , Iheanacho Gabrella , Ogundu Andrew , Chukwuocha Clara , Chikaodinaka Febechi , Ifediba Chukwuebuka , Kadurumba Ogechi Evangeline , Ogundu Uduak , Iloeje Micheal 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This research was carried out to characterize the West African Dwarf (WAD) goats using multivariate approach based on their morpho-biometric traits in the Tropical Rainforest Zone of Nigeria. Data on four physical qualitative traits, six morphology indicators and nine morphological characters were generated from 279 goats. Descriptive statistics, non-parametric analysis and one-way approach of ANOVA with post hoc tests, Discriminant Analysis (Canonical), Principal Component Analysis (Categorical) and Regression Tree analysis were employed to discern the effects of location and sex on the parameters, as well as characterize the goats. The frequencies of the qualitative traits show black coat colour predominated (60.2%) over other coat colours, plain colour predominated (75.3%) over other colour patterns, straight horns (38.1%) predominates over other horn shape and beards presence (66.7%) predominated over non-beard presence amongst the goats in terms of locations and sexes. Location and age were significantly affected on the biometric characters (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001) with goats from Enugu having higher values than other states, while only HL was affected significantly by sex (P < 0.05). The morphological indicators were not significant affected by location and sex (P > 0.05 and P > 0.001), while age was significant. The discriminant analysis revealed a sparse, non-intermingling populations for the physical traits, biometric characters and body indices implying they are different distinct populations from each other. Generally, the goat populations could be characterized using HG, RH, and BW due to the Principal components, while the CHAID and Exhaustive CHAID algorithms analysis revealed BW and HL as the genetic classifiers of the WAD goats, both in terms of locations. Basically, the goats from the 3 locations appeared to be more homogeneous in nature, implying that a deployment of specific complimentary genomics work targeted at future selection and breeding programs to improve their productivity in the Tropical rain forest of Nigeria is necessary.
Selection of hazardous waste disposal company with multi-criteria decision making methods
Authors: Narli Müfide 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The whole society, especially institutions and organizations, is responsible for the protection and improvement of the environment. The produce, collection and disposal of hazardous waste is a costly and time-consuming process subject to numerous environmental, social, technical and legal requirements. Wastes produced in hazardous waste generators are stored and delivered to a licensed hazardous waste disposal company with minimum legal requirements. Hospital management is faced with the problem of which disposal company to choose for the disposal of hazardous waste produced in the hospital. In hospitals, this choice is made by relying on the subjective judgment and previous experience of the managers. However, non-objective methods should be preferred instead of this objective choice. In this study, the importance level of the criteria that are effective in choosing a hazardous waste disposal company was determined by multi-criteria decision-making methods. Considering these importance levels, the most suitable disposal company was determined by the DEA method. In order to verify this model, disposal company selection was carried out with the BWM-TOPSIS method. During the validation, the AHP-DEA and BWM-TOPSIS results were tested statistically with Spearman's Correlation Coefficient.
Is the electron magnetic moment unique?
Authors: Golovko Vitaly 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
There exist two methods for finding the magnetic moment of the electron. In the first of them employed in quantum electrodynamics, one calculates the energy of the electron placed in a constant magnetic field, the extra energy due to the field being proportional to the magnetic moment. It is also possible to use the second method proceeding from the fact that the asymptotic form of the vector potential at infinity is proportional to the magnetic moment. If the electron were point-like, both the methods would yield identical results. In the present paper is studied the magnetic field created by the electron in hydrogen-like ions, which enables one to find the electron magnetic moment by the second method. The electron magnetic moment in this case proves to be different in different states of the electron in the Coulomb field of the ions and, moreover, is distinct from the magnetic moment calculated by the first method. The results of the paper show that the electron is not small and is deformable under action of external fields.
Variations in the type of adjuvant chemotherapy among Stage III colon cancer patients in England
Authors: Hassan Syreen , Miles Anne , Rachet Bernard , Morris Melanie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Treatment with any adjuvant chemotherapy for Stage III colon cancer has been shown to differ between groups. Few studies, however, explore variations in the type of adjuvant chemotherapy received, none of which from the UK. The aim of this study is to explore variation in the type of chemotherapy received by Stage III colon cancer patients.
Methods: Data from the national cancer registry was linked to the Systemic Anti-Cancer Therapy database, which provides detailed information on treatment of malignant diseases from all NHS England chemotherapy providers. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared between those who received monotherapy (fluoropyrimidine) or combination chemotherapy (fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin) among Stage III colon cancer patients.
Results: Of 8,750 patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy, 22.3% (n=2,359) received monotherapy and 60.4% (n=6,391) received combination therapy. The odds of receiving combination therapy decreased with age. Those from the most deprived group had half the odds (OR: 0.5, CI: 0.42,0.59, p<0.001) of receiving combination therapy compared to the least deprived group. Women were 14% less likely to get combined therapy (OR: 0.86, CI: 0.77,0.95, p=0.005). Those with the largest tumour size (T4) and those with more than 3 lymph nodes involved (N2) had 30% (OR: 1.30; CI: 1.07,1.59; p=0.008) and 50% (OR: 1.50; 1.34,1.69; p<0.001) higher odds of receiving combination therapy compared to T1 or T2 and N1, respectively.
Conclusion: There is variation in the type of chemotherapy received for stage III colon cancer patients by sociodemographic factors, despite clear clinical guidelines.
Family physicians collaborating for health system integration: A scoping review
Authors: Grady Colleen , Han Han , Kim Julia Dahye , Coderre-Ball Angela Marie , Alam Nadia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Ontario Health Teams (OHTs) serve as a new model for integrative and accessible healthcare. Core to these teams are family physicians and their ability to collaborate with other family physicians and healthcare providers. Whereas the factors for intra-organizational collaboration have been well-studied, the approaches employed to strengthen inter-organizational collaboration between family physicians and other healthcare organizations as an integrated care network, are less understood. This paper aims to explore the structural factors, processes, and theoretical frameworks that support family physicians’ collaboration for integrated healthcare around globe.
Methods
A scoping review was undertaken based on JBI methodology and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis for Scoping Review (PRISMA_ScR) checklist. A search for academic literature published between 2000–2021 was conducted across databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBSCOhost). A search for relevant grey literature was performed. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify the key findings of the selected studies.
Results
Beginning with 11,831 references, title/abstract screening and full text review identified 32 studies as eligible for this review. Three key structural components were identified as critical to family physicians’ successful participation in inter-organizational partnerships: (1) ensuring shared vision/values in place, (2) having strong, positive leadership by family physicians, and (3) having well defined decision-making procedures. Also, three key processes were identified: (1) effective communication between partners, (2) a collective sense of motivation for change and collaboration, and (3) relationships built on trust and not hierarchical command. Three theoretical frameworks elicited from the literature provided insight into collaborative initiatives that included family physicians: (1) Social Identity Approach, (2) framework of interprofessional collaboration, and (3) competing values framework.
Conclusion
Family physicians hold unique positions in healthcare and this review is the first to synthesize the best evidence for building collaborations between family physicians and other healthcare sectors. These findings will inform future
Construction and Verification of Prognosis Model Based on Autophagy-related Gene Signatures in Digestive System Tumor
Authors: Zhang Yongming , Wang JiangTao , Liu Fang , Wei Yong , Cheng Yu , Wang Haitao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Due to the limitations of traditional histopathological diagnosis and tumor staging system, the accuracy of prognostic evaluation of digestive system tumors (DSTs) still needs to be improved. Therefore, powerful and accurate prognostic models must be developed to help clinicians optimize treatment strategies. Here, we screened 13 Prognosis-related autophagy genes (PR-ATGs) and seven independent PR-ATGs, which showcased notable prognostic value for DSTs. Upon this basis, we constructed a risk score model which assesses the prognosis of DSTs more accurately than clinicopathology. In addition, the C-index of the nomogram we constructed was 0.664. Verified by the calibration plots, there was an superior consistency between the nomogram prediction and actual observation. In Conclusion, the risk score model based on PR-ATGs and the nomogram established in conjunction with clinicopathology can better provide prognostic analysis for patients with DSTs.
Initial Development of Tools to Identify Child Abuse and Neglect in Pediatric Primary Care
Authors: Hanson Rochelle F. , Zhu Vivienne , Are Funlola , Espeleta Hannah , Wallis Elizabeth , Kautz Marin , Lenert Leslie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Child abuse and neglect (CAN) is prevalent, associated with long-term adversities, and often undetected. Primary care settings offer a unique opportunity to identify CAN and facilitate referrals, when warranted. Electronic health records (EHR) contain extensive information to support healthcare decisions, yet time constraints preclude most providers from extensive EHR reviews that could indicate CAN. Strategies that summarize EHR data to identify CAN and convey this to providers has potential to mitigate CAN-related sequelae. This study used expert review/consensus and Natural Language Processing (NLP) to develop and test a lexicon to characterize children who have experienced or are at risk for CAN and compared machine learning methods to the lexicon+NLP approach to determine the algorithm’s accuracy for identifying CAN.
Methods: Study investigators identified 90 CAN terms and invited an interdisciplinary group of child abuse experts for review and validation. We then used NLP to develop pipelines to finalize the CAN lexicon. Data for pipeline development and refinement were drawn from a randomly selected sample of EHR from patients seen at pediatric primary care clinics within a U.S. academic health center. To explore a machine learning approach for CAN identification, we used Support Vector Machine algorithms.
Results: The investigator-generated list of 90 CAN terms were reviewed and validated by 25 invited experts, resulting in a final pool of 133 terms. NLP utilized a randomly selected sample of 14,393 clinical notes from 153 patients to test the lexicon, and .03% of notes were identified as CAN positive. CAN identification varied by clinical note type, with few differences found by provider type (physicians versus nurses, social workers, etc). An evaluation of the final NLP pipelines indicated 93.8% hit rate for the training set and 71.4% for the test set, with decreased precision attributed primarily to false positives. For the machine learning approach, SVM pipeline performance was 92% for CAN+ and 100% for non-CAN, indicating higher sensitivity than specificity.
Conclusions: The NLP algorithm’s development and refinement suggest that innovative tools can identify youth at risk for CAN. The next key step is to funnel this information to care providers to guide clinical decision making.
Micro(bio)robotics: design and applications
Authors: Mistry Kruti J. , Markande Anoop R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Microrobots are motile microsystems constructed using physical, chemical and biological components for operations with respect to definite application. In the present review, we have discussed the various aspects of bio-microrobots, their history and design. While designing a microrobot, two important parameters (and their varities)- actuation and sensing affect the different micromanipulation techniques to be employed (Magnetic, Optical, Electric, fluidic or acoustic). The controlling and actuation system (Vision-based or Force-sensing) selected for the specific application can dictate the fabrication type to be used for manufacture of the microrobot to be used. The controlling parameters are further influenced by the type of propulsion systems, Powering system, and mobility in complex environment and applicability of the microrobot. Presently, the microrobotics has applications in biomedical and environmental engineering. In this review, we have analyzed various aspects of bio-microrobot design, fabrication and applications which can help the future works in nanosciences and bio-based microrobotics.
Effects of personal and health characteristics on the intrinsic capacity of older adults in the community: A cross-sectional study using the healthy aging framework
Authors: Jiang Xin , Chen Fenghui , Yang Xuanxuan , Yang Mei , Zhang Xuehong , Ma Xuan , Yan Ping 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Intrinsic capacity can better reflects the physical functioning of older adults, however, few studies have been able to systematically and thoroughly examine its influencing factors and provide limited evidence for improvement of intrinsic capacity. This study aimed to describe the status of intrinsic capacity of older adults in the community, compare the decline rate of older adults, explore the its influencing factors, and analyze the correlation between each of the five domains of intrinsic capacity and the factors.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Chinese community. The self-designed general characteristics questionnaire was created based on the healthy aging framework and a systematic review. Intrinsic capacity was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), self-reported visual and hearing status, Mini Nutritional Assessment Brief Form (MNA-SF), and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). The influencing factors of intrinsic capacity were investigated using stepwise logistic regression. The correlation between the five domains of intrinsic capacity and the factors using Spearman correlation.
Results
A total of 968 older adults with a mean age of 71.00 (68.00, 76.75) were examined, and 704 older adults (72.7%) showed a decline in intrinsic capacity. There was a decline in at least one domain in 39.3% of older adults, with declines in each domain ranging from 5.3% (psychological) to 52.4% (sensory). Older adults had a higher risk of intrinsic capacity decline if they were 75–89 years old (95% CI: 1.153–2.293), had a low education level (95% CI: 0.284–0.652), lived alone (95% CI: 1.130–3.210), smoked (95% CI: 0.307–0.858), high Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) (95% CI: 1.246–1.810) scores, did not regular exercise (95% CI: 0.324–0.869), with lower handgrip strength (95% CI: 0.946–0.983). All the above factors influenced most of the domains of intrinsic capacity except smoking, and CCI can negatively influenced all domains of intrinsic capacity.
Conclusions
We found a relatively high prevalence of intrinsic capacity; more attention should be paid to olde adults who are older, less educated, live alone, and have more comorbidities. A healthy lifestyle should be emphasized for older adults with smoking, no regular exercise, and low handgrip strength.
Clinical Observation of Phacoemulsification under the Low Perfusion Pattern and Low Negative Pressure in Patients with Low Corneal Endothelial Cell Density
Authors: Lin Yan , Zhu Yihua , Zhou Biting , Yao Yihua , Ye Qin , Wang Xiaohui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
To observe the safety and effect of phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in patients with low corneal endothelial cell density (CD) under the low perfusion pattern with low negative pressure.
Methods
In this retrospective case series study, a total of 16 patients (17 eyes) were studied. They had all been diagnosed with low corneal endothelial CD and cataracts in the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from December 2019 to October 2021. They underwent phacoemulsification combined with IOL implantation under the low perfusion pattern with low negative pressure. The variations of corneal endothelial CD, coefficient of variation (CV) of the cell area, central corneal thickness (CCT), visual acuity, and intraocular pressure before and after the operation were observed, and the corresponding influencing factors were assessed. Then a paired t-test, repeated measures analysis of variance (RM ANOVA), and Pearson correlation analysis were adopted for data analysis.
Results
The mean intraocular pressure of the 17 eyes was 16.88 ± 6.47 mmHg before the operation and 14.41 ± 3.10 mmHg after the operation, showing a statistically significant difference of t = 2.222, and p = 0.041. Before the operation, the mean visual acuity was 0.16 ± 0.09, and after the operation, it was 0.45 ± 0.16, displaying a statistically significant difference of t = -9.917, p < 0.001. Before and after the operation, four of the 17 eyes had no detectable CD. In addition, CCT could not be measured in three eyes of them. The mean CD of the other 13 eyes at one day after the operation (645.62 ± 112.22 cells/mm2) and at one month after the operation (644.308 ± 106.24 cells/mm2) was lower than that before the operation (709.62 ± 119.19 cells/mm2), and the differences were statistically significant (F = 20.044, p < 0.001). However, no statistically significant differences were found in the mean CV before the operation (31.23 ± 4.21), at one day after the operation (31.92 ± 5.62), and at one month after the operation (32.62 ± 3.80; F = 2.130, p = 0.157). Moreover, the mean CCT of 14 eyes at one day after the operation (587.07 ± 35.00 µm) and one month after the operation (562.72 ± 27.82 µm) was larger than that before the operation (534.79 ± 24.69 µm), with statistically significant differences (F = 27.953, p < 0.001). Corneal endothelial decompensation did not occur in any case.
Conclusions
The low perfusion pattern with low negative pressure is safe and effective for corneal endothelial dysfunction patients complicated with cataracts, and appropriate measures should be taken to reduce the endothelial cell injury during the operation.
Renal‑rotation techniques in retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy for giant pheochromocytomas: a clinical intervention study with historical controls
Authors: Xue Ruizhi , Hu Caoyang , Zheng Zhongyi , Wei Liang , Yuan Xiaobin , Lyu Xiao , Shen Pengliang , Li Jun , Cao Xiaoming 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

Dealing with the giant pheochromocytomas (maximum diameter ≥ 6cm) has long been a tough challenge for urologists. We introduced a new retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy method modified with renal-rotation techniques to treat giant pheochromocytomas.

Methods

28 diagnosed patients were prospectively recruited as the intervention group. Meanwhile, by referring to the historical records in our database, matched patients who had undergone routine retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy (RA), transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy (TA), or open adrenalectomy (OA) for giant pheochromocytomas were selected as controls. Perioperative and follow-up data were collected for comparative assessment.

Results

Among all the groups, the intervention group had the minimal bleeding volume (28.93 ± 25.94 ml, p < 0.05), the least intraoperative blood pressure variation (59.11 ± 25.68 mmHg, p < 0.05), the shortest operation time (115.32 ± 30.69 mins, p < 0.05), the lowest postoperative ICU admission rates (7.14%, p < 0.05), and shortest drainage time length (2.57 ± 0.50 days, p < 0.05). Besides, compared with TA and OA groups, intervention group was also characterized by lower pain scores (3.21 ± 0.63, p < 0.05), less postoperative complications (p < 0.05), earlier diet initiation time (1.32 ± 0.48 postoperative days, p < 0.05) and ambulation time (2.68 ± 0.48 postoperative days, p < 0.05). Follow-up blood pressure and metanephrine and normetanephrine levels in all intervention group patients remained normal.

Conclusion

Compared with RA, TA, and OA, retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy with renal-rotation techniques is a more feasible, efficient, and secure surgical treatment for giant pheochromocytomas.
Trial registration: This study has been prospectively registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry website (ChiCTR2200059953, date of first registration: 14/05/2022).
Novel thin-film nanocomposite forward osmosis membranes modified with WS 2 /CuAl LDH nanocomposite to enhance desalination and anti- fouling performance
Authors: Bagherzadeh Mojtaba , Nikkhoo Mohammad , Ahadian Mohammad Mahdi , Amini Mojtaba 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Designing efficient membranes for desalination to help reduce the water shortage crisis has been the subject of various studies. In this study, first, CuAl LDH nanosheets were prepared and the surface of some thin-film composite (TFC) membranes was modified by them. Afterward, the novel heterostructure nanocomposite consisting of CuAl LDH and WS2 nanosheets was synthesized by hydrothermal method, and a new kind of thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes were made using them. All the obtained membranes performance was studied in the forward osmosis (FO) process. The effects of the prepared compounds on the morphology, chemical structure, hydrophilicity, and topology of the polyamide (PA) active layer were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FT-IR spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), powder x-ray diffraction (XRD), water contact angle (WCA) goniometer and atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis. Finally, by comparing the results for both types of modified membranes, the membrane containing 0.025 wt% of the nanocomposite modifier showed the highest water flux (29.30 LMH) and selectivity (0.38 g/L) that was chosen as the optimal membrane. Also, the anti-fouling properties of this membrane were studied and the obtained results showed an increase in the fouling resistance compared to the membrane without filler.