bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical investigation on functional limitations of the anti-stall fin for an axial fan: one-factor analyses
Authors: Kim Yong-In , Yang Hyeon-Mo , Lee Kyoung-Yong , Choi Young-Seok 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe stall in an axial fan is directly related to detrimental phenomena such as performance degradation, vibration, noise, and flow instability at low flow rates. As a kind of passive control method to handle the stall, two-dimensional plates so-named anti-stall fin (ASF) were suggested by ourselves and were attached inside the casing. In this study, the ASF's effect on the internal flow pattern was visually investigated in the flow passage, and its tendency was discussed with the performance curve. Subsequently, the ASF's functional limitations for various design parameters, which the ASF can derive aerodynamically, were presented as the primary focus of this study. Each one-factor analysis was performed, and the internal flow pattern was observed in parallel at the point where the ASF lost its function. For the radial length, axial length, number of fins, and positive-tangential angle, the ASF almost retained its function up to the limitation to prevent instability but radically lost its function at a certain flow rate. For the axial gap and negative-tangential angle, the ASF gradually lost its function. Mostly, this study was based on numerical analysis, and the performance was validated through experimental tests.
Chronic back pain sub-grouped via psychosocial, brain and physical factors using machine learning
Authors: Tagliaferri Scott D. , Wilkin Tim , Angelova Maia , Fitzgibbon Bernadette M. , Owen Patrick J. , Miller Clint T. , Belavy Daniel L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractChronic back pain (CBP) is heterogenous and identifying sub-groups could improve clinical decision making. Machine learning can build upon prior sub-grouping approaches by using a data-driven approach to overcome clinician subjectivity, however, only binary classification of pain versus no-pain has been attempted to date. In our cross-sectional study, age- and sex-matched participants with CBP (n = 4156) and pain-free controls (n = 14,927) from the UkBioBank were included. We included variables of body mass index, depression, loneliness/social isolation, grip strength, brain grey matter volumes and functional connectivity. We used fuzzy c-means clustering to derive CBP sub-groups and Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes, k-Nearest Neighbour (kNN) and Random Forest classifiers to determine classification accuracy. We showed that two variables (loneliness/social isolation and depression) and five clusters were optimal for creating sub-groups of CBP individuals. Classification accuracy was greater than 95% for when CBP sub-groups were assessed only, while misclassification in CBP sub-groups increased to 35–53% across classifiers when pain-free controls were added. We showed that individuals with CBP could sub-grouped and accurately classified. Future research should optimise variables by including specific spinal, psychosocial and nervous system measures associated with CBP to create more robust sub-groups that are discernible from pain-free controls.
Untargeted ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry metabolomic profiling of blood serum in bladder cancer
Authors: Nizioł Joanna , Ossoliński Krzysztof , Płaza-Altamer Aneta , Kołodziej Artur , Ossolińska Anna , Ossoliński Tadeusz , Ruman Tomasz 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBladder cancer (BC) is a common urological cancer of high mortality and recurrence rates. Currently, cystoscopy is performed as standard examination for the diagnosis and subsequent monitoring for recurrence of the patients. Frequent expensive and invasive procedures may deterrent patients from regular follow-up screening, therefore it is important to look for new non-invasive methods to aid in the detection of recurrent and/or primary BC. In this study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry was employed for non-targeted metabolomic profiling of 200 human serum samples to identify biochemical signatures that differentiate BC from non-cancer controls (NCs). Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses with external validation revealed twenty-seven metabolites that differentiate between BC patients from NCs. Abundances of these metabolites displayed statistically significant differences in two independent training and validation sets. Twenty-three serum metabolites were also found to be distinguishing between low- and high-grade of BC patients and controls. Thirty-seven serum metabolites were found to differentiate between different stages of BC. The results suggest that measurement of serum metabolites may provide more facile and less invasive diagnostic methodology for detection of bladder cancer and recurrent disease management.
Simultaneous speciation of chromate, molybdate and arsenate in lysimetric water from geotechnical composites installed in field lysimeters
Authors: Djurić Marija , Levstek Lucija , Oprčkal Primož , Mladenovič Ana , Pranjić Alenka Mauko , Ščančar Janez , Milačič Radmila 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAnion-exchange high performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) was used for simultaneous speciation of chromate, molybdate and arsenate. The repeatability of measurement tested for multielemental standard solution of chromate, molybdate and arsenate (50 ng mL−1 of Cr, Mo and As, pH 12) was ± 0.9%, ± 4.9% and ± 4.1%, respectively. Limits of quantification (LOQs) were low (0.53 ng mL−1 for chromate and arsenate and 1.03 ng mL−1 for molybdate, expressed as elemental concentrations). A wide linear concentration range (from LOQs to 500 ng mL−1) was obtained. The performances of this method enabled simultaneous speciation analysis in samples of water from lysimeters, in which three geotechnical composites, made of recycled waste, were installed in parallel in compacted and uncompacted, 20 times less dense form. The release of toxic chemical species of elements into lysimetric waters from each composite was studied. The results revealed that the degree of compaction and the composition of composites both have a significant influence on leaching of chromate, molybdate and arsenate. The study proved that multielemental speciation analysis is fast and cost-effective method for investigations of environmental impacts of materials, made from recycled waste, and can be used in other similar applications.
Ursids evolved early and continuously to be low-protein macronutrient omnivores
Authors: Robbins Charles T. , Christian Amelia L. , Vineyard Travis G. , Thompson Debbie , Knott Katrina K. , Tollefson Troy N. , Fidgett Andrea L. , Wickersham Tryon A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe eight species of bears world-wide consume a wide variety of diets. Some are specialists with extensive anatomical and physiological adaptations necessary to exploit specific foods or environments [e.g., polar bears (Ursus maritimus), giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), and sloth bears (Melursus ursinus)], while the rest are generalists. Even though ursids evolved from a high-protein carnivore, we hypothesized that all have become low-protein macronutrient omnivores. While this dietary strategy has already been described for polar bears and brown bears (Ursus arctos), a recent study on giant pandas suggested their macronutrient selection was that of the ancestral high-protein carnivore. Consumption of diets with inappropriate macronutrient profiles has been associated with increased energy expenditure, ill health, failed reproduction, and premature death. Consequently, we conducted feeding and preference trials with giant pandas and sloth bears, a termite and ant-feeding specialist. Both giant pandas and sloth bears branched off from the ursid lineage a million or more years before polar bears and brown bears. We found that giant pandas are low-protein, high-carbohydrate omnivores, whereas sloth bears are low-protein, high-fat omnivores. The preference for low protein diets apparently occurred early in the evolution of ursids and may have been critical to their world-wide spread.
Spiking neural networks based on two-dimensional materials
Authors: Roldan Juan B. , Maldonado David , Aguilera-Pedregosa Cristina , Moreno Enrique , Aguirre Fernando , Romero-Zaliz Rocío , García-Vico Angel M. , Shen Yaqing , Lanza Mario 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe development of artificial neural networks using memristors is gaining a lot of interest among technological companies because it can reduce the computing time and energy consumption. There is still no memristor, made of any material, capable to provide the ideal figures-of-merit required for the implementation of artificial neural networks, meaning that more research is required. Here we present the use of multilayer hexagonal boron nitride based memristors to implement spiking neural networks for image classification. Our study indicates that the recognition accuracy of the network is high, and that can be resilient to device variability if the number of neurons employed is large enough. There are very few studies that present the use of a two-dimensional material for the implementation of synapses of different features; in our case, in addition to a study of the synaptic characteristics of our memristive devices, we deal with complete spiking neural network training and inference processes.
Compatibility between snails and schistosomes: insights from new genetic resources, comparative genomics, and genetic mapping
Authors: Bu Lijing , Zhong Daibin , Lu Lijun , Loker Eric S. , Yan Guiyun , Zhang Si-Ming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe freshwater snailBiomphalaria glabratais an important intermediate host of the parasiteSchistosoma mansonithat causes human intestinal schistosomiasis. To better understand vector snail biology and help advance innovative snail control strategies, we have developed a new snail model consisting of two homozygousB. glabratalines (iM line and iBS90) with sharply contrasting schistosome-resistance phenotypes. We produced and compared high-quality genome sequences for iM line and iBS90 which were assembled from 255 (N50 = 22.7 Mb) and 346 (N50 = 19.4 Mb) scaffolds, respectively. Using F2 offspring bred from the two lines and the newly generated iM line genome, we constructed 18 linkage groups (representing the 18 haploid chromosomes) covering 96% of the genome and identified three new QTLs (quantitative trait loci), two involved in snail resistance/susceptibility and one relating to body pigmentation. This study provides excellent genomic resources for unveiling complex vector snail biology, reveals genomic difference between resistant and susceptible lines, and offers novel insights into genetic mechanism of the compatibility between snail and schistosome.
Peroxisomal very long-chain fatty acid transport is targeted by herpesviruses and the antiviral host response
Authors: Weinhofer Isabelle , Buda Agnieszka , Kunze Markus , Palfi Zsofia , Traunfellner Matthäus , Hesse Sarah , Villoria-Gonzalez Andrea , Hofmann Jörg , Hametner Simon , Regelsberger Günther , Moser Ann B. , Eichler Florian , Kemp Stephan , Bauer Jan , Kühl Jörn-Sven , Forss-Petter Sonja , Berger Johannes 
Published: September 2022

AbstractVery long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) are critical for human cytomegalovirus replication and accumulate upon infection. Here, we used Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection of human B cells to elucidate how herpesviruses target VLCFA metabolism. Gene expression profiling revealed that, despite a general induction of peroxisome-related genes, EBV early infection decreased expression of the peroxisomal VLCFA transporters ABCD1 and ABCD2, thus impairing VLCFA degradation. The mechanism underlying ABCD1 and ABCD2 repression involved RNA interference by the EBV-induced microRNAs miR-9-5p and miR-155, respectively, causing significantly increased VLCFA levels. Treatment with 25-hydroxycholesterol, an antiviral innate immune modulator produced by macrophages, restored ABCD1 expression and reduced VLCFA accumulation in EBV-infected B-lymphocytes, and, upon lytic reactivation, reduced virus production in control but not ABCD1-deficient cells. Finally, also other herpesviruses and coronaviruses target ABCD1 expression. Because viral infection might trigger neuroinflammation in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD, inherited ABCD1 deficiency), we explored a possible link between EBV infection and cerebral X-ALD. However, neither immunohistochemistry of post-mortem brains nor analysis of EBV seropositivity in 35 X-ALD children supported involvement of EBV in the onset of neuroinflammation. Collectively, our findings indicate a previously unrecognized, pivotal role of ABCD1 in viral infection and host defence, prompting consideration of other viral triggers in cerebral X-ALD.
A RUNX-targeted gene switch-off approach modulates the BIRC5/PIF1-p21 pathway and reduces glioblastoma growth in mice
Authors: Hattori Etsuko Yamamoto , Masuda Tatsuya , Mineharu Yohei , Mikami Masamitsu , Terada Yukinori , Matsui Yasuzumi , Kubota Hirohito , Matsuo Hidemasa , Hirata Masahiro , Kataoka Tatsuki R. , Nakahata Tatsutoshi , Ikeda Shuji , Miyamoto Susumu , Sugiyama Hiroshi , Arakawa Yoshiki , Kamikubo Yasuhiko 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGlioblastoma is the most common adult brain tumour, representing a high degree of malignancy. Transcription factors such as RUNX1 are believed to be involved in the malignancy of glioblastoma. RUNX1 functions as an oncogene or tumour suppressor gene with diverse target genes. Details of the effects of RUNX1 on the acquisition of malignancy in glioblastoma remain unclear. Here, we show that RUNX1 downregulates p21 by enhancing expressions of BIRC5 and PIF1, conferring anti-apoptotic properties on glioblastoma. A gene switch-off therapy using alkylating agent-conjugated pyrrole-imidazole polyamides, designed to fit the RUNX1 DNA groove, decreased expression levels of BIRC5 and PIF1 and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via p21. The RUNX1-BIRC5/PIF1-p21 pathway appears to reflect refractory characteristics of glioblastoma and thus holds promise as a therapeutic target. RUNX gene switch-off therapy may represent a novel treatment for glioblastoma.
RF with linearity and non-linearity parameter analysis of gate all around negative capacitance junction less FET (GAA-NC-JLFET) for different ferroelectric thickness
Authors: Raut Pratikhya , Nanda Umakanta , Panda Deepak Kumar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A novel Gate All Around Negative Capacitance Junction less FET (GAA-NC-JLFET) is proposed in this work, where different RF/Analog, Linear, and Non-linear parameters were investigated for different ferroelectric thickness in depth. The simulation result is calibrated with the available experimental data from literature. Adding a layer of ferroelectric material to a JLFET is a good means of decreasing short channel effects when compared to typical GAA JLFETs. The effect of ferroelectric layer thickness on DC parameters such as drain current (IDS), subthreshold swing (SS), threshold voltage (Vth), and Ion/Ioff as well as linear parameters such as transconductance coefficients (gm2 and gm3), voltage intercept points (VIP2 and VIP3), and input intercept point (IIP3) have been studied. Furthermore, this paper investigates non-linearity parameters such as harmonic distortion and intermodulation distortion in relation to various ferroelectric thicknesses. The TCAD device simulator was extensively used to conduct this analysis, and the results revealed that increasing the ferroelectric layer resulted in a significant improvement in the values of RF and linear parameters, as well as a decrease in the values of non-linearity parameter values, resulting in an increase in the device’s linearity, which can be used in wide range of RFIC applications.
Cosmology in Painlevé-Gullstrand coordinates
Authors: Gaur Rudeep , Visser Matt 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cosmology is most typically analyzed using standard co-moving coordinates, in which the
galaxies are (on average, up to presumably small peculiar velocities) “at rest”, while “space”
is expanding. But this is merely a specific coordinate choice; and it is important to realise that
for certain purposes other, (sometimes radically, different) coordinate choices might also
prove useful and informative, but without changing the underlying physics. Specifically, herein
we shall consider the k= 0 spatially flat FLRW cosmology but in Painlevé-Gullstrand
coordinates — these coordinates are very explicitly not co-moving: “space” is now no
longer expanding, although the distance between galaxies is still certainly increasing. Working
in these Painlevé-Gullstrand coordinates provides an alternate viewpoint on standard cosmology,
and the symmetries thereof, and also makes it somewhat easier to handle cosmological horizons.
With a longer view, we hope that investigating these Painlevé-Gullstrand coordinates might
eventually provide a better framework for understanding large deviations from idealized FLRW
spacetimes. We illustrate these issues with a careful look at the Kottler and McVittie spacetimes.
Saturated absorption technique used in potassium microcells for magnetic field sensing
Authors: Sargsyan Armen , Momier Rodolphe , Leroy Claude , Sarkisyan David 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
It is demonstrated that the use of a micrometric thin 39K vapor cell (MTC) and saturated absorption (SA) spectroscopy allows the formation of narrow atomic lines in the transmission spectrum without unwanted cross-over resonances. Another important feature is the small characteristic magnetic field value

B
0

=

A

h
f

/

μ
B

of 39K, significantly smaller than for Rb and Cs. As a consequence, decoupling of J and I can be observed at relatively low magnetic fields ∼300 G, which results in the formation of two groups of four spectrally-resolved and equidistantly-positioned atomic transitions having the same amplitude (each group corresponds to a given circular polarization

σ
±

) which we record using a simple experimental setup with a linearly polarized tunable diode-laser and a longitudinal magnetic field obtained with two permanent magnets. Fabrication of a MTC is much easier than the fabrication of the 39K nanocells used in our previous works. A simple method to determine the magnitude of a wide range of B-fields with a spatial resolution of 30 µm is presented, which is intrinsically calibrated and does not require a frequency reference.
Bound on Lyapunov exponent in Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton-Axion black holes*
Authors: Yu Chengye , Chen Deyou , Gao Chuanhong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the influence of the angular momentum of a charged particle around non-extremal and extremal Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton-Axion black holes on the Lyapunov exponent. The angular momentum's ranges and spatial regions where the bound of the exponent is violated are found for certain values of the rotation parameter and dilatonic constant of the black holes. This violation always exists when the rotation parameter is large enough and the rotation direction of the particle is opposite to that of the black holes. The spatial region outside the extremal black hole of the violation is relatively large. In the near-horizon regions of the extremal black holes, the violation depends on the rotation directions of the black holes and particles and not depend on the value of the angular momentum.
Photometric and Spectroscopic Studies for Two Magnetic-activity Contact Binaries: V724 And and QR Com
Authors: Wang Shuang , Meichel Raúl , Yuan Huiyu , Yang Yuangui 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We presented new CCD photometry for two contact binaries, V724 And and QR Com, which were observed during the 2020–2022 observing seasons. By using the Wilson–Devinney method, the photometric solutions were deduced from new observed data and TESS ones. Their asymmetric light curves were modeled by a dark spot on the more massive component. Results indicate that the starspot may immigrate or disappear on the surface of the active component. From the TESS observations of QR Com, it is discovered that the difference between light maxima exhibits a 29.5 day oscillation, which implies the continuous evolution of spot feathers on the timescale of several weeks. Their mass ratio and fill-out factor are q = 2.308 and f = 11.55% for V724 And, and q = 0.624 and f = 12.77% for QR Com, respectively. From the (O–C) curve, the orbital period secularly decrease at a rate of dP/dt = −1.66 × 10−7 day yr−1 for V724 And and dP/dt = −3.98 × 10−7 day yr−1 for QR Com, which was interpreted by mass transfer from the more massive component to the less massive one. With period decreasing, this kind of shallow-contact binaries, V724 And and QR Com, will evolve into the deep-contact configurations.
Interaction between disclinated non-equilibrium grain boundaries and radiation-induced interstitial/vacancy in tungsten
Authors: Zhou Zhenzhong , Xie Hongxian , Lu Guang-Hong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Experimental works show that there are plenty of disclinated non-equilibrium grain boundaries (GBs) in polycrystalline materials obtained by the severe plastic deformation method. How these GBs affect the irradiation-induced defects is still an open question. In the present work, molecular dynamics simulation was used to investigate the interaction between disclinated non-equilibrium GBs and irradiation-induced interstitial/vacancy in tungsten. There exists a long-range stress field around the disclinated non-equilibrium GBs. Such a long-range stress field leads to strong interaction between interstitial/vacancy and the GB. The interaction energy calculations suggest that interstitial and vacancy can be attracted strongly by non-equilibrium GBs containing negative and positive disclinations, respectively. This unique interaction behavior is further confirmed by diffusion of interstitials/vacancies near these GBs. The present work clearly demonstrates that disclinated non-equilibrium GBs are stronger irradiation-induced defect sinks than their equilibrium counterparts. So increasing the proportion of disclinated non-equilibrium GBs may be an effective way to develop new-generation irradiation-resistant materials.