bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Healthcare-associated COVID-19 across 3 pandemic waves: patient characterisation and validation of clinical definitions using genome sequencing
Authors: Demuyser Thomas , Seyler Lucie , Buttiens Rhea , Soetens Oriane , Caljon Ben , Praet Jessy , Seyler Thomas , Boeckmans Joost , Meert Jessy , Vanstokstraeten Robin , Martini Helena , Crombé Florence , Piérard Denis , Allard Sabine , Wybo Ingrid 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundWorldwide, healthcare-associated SARS-CoV-2 infections are a major problem: they are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization costs. In-depth studies across the pandemic are crucial to understand and prevent transmission in hospital settings. The principal aims of this study were to characterise patients and validate ECDC definitions of healthcare-associated COVID-19 infections.MethodsWe set up a retrospective observational study spanning the first three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in a Belgian university hospital: it describes the characteristics of COVID-19 patients admitted, with either healthcare- or community-associated infections. We performed a cluster analysis through epidemiological and viral genome analyses of the healthcare-associated infections, in order to validate the ECDC definitions of healthcare-associated COVID-19 infections.ResultsBetween week 10 of 2020 and week 22 of 2021, 168 patients were hospitalized with healthcare-associated COVID-19. The following factors were found more often in symptomatic healthcare- than in community-associated hospitalized patients: older age, increased frailty, smoking habits, and comorbidities. The genome-based cluster analyses showed that different viral lineages predominated in different timeframes. We observed a good correlation of epidemiological data with genome sequencing results in at least 12 different outbreaks in our hospital, thus validating the ECDC definitions. ConclusionsThis in-depth characterization sheds new light on the problem of healthcare-associated COVID-19 infections, in particular on patients’ characteristics, epidemiology, and cluster dynamics. Even though epidemiological evaluation of nosocomial infections is vital, management of nosocomial outbreaks can undoubtedly benefit from genome sequencing analyses to reinforce their strategy.
Neuroprotective effects of a cardioplegic combination (adenosine, lidocaine, and magnesium) on an ischemic stroke model
Authors: Wang Yichia , Chen Yih-Sharng , Hsieh Sung-Tsang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Adenosine, lidocaine, and magnesium (ALM) formula is a clinically available cardioplegic solution. We examined the effects of low dose ALM on ischemic stroke with cell and animal models. Cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-treated SH-SY5Y cells were used as our surrogate model to mimic oxygen-glucose deprivation condition. The cells were incubated with different dilutions of the ALM authentic solution (1.0 mM adenosine, 2.0 mM lidocaine, 5 mM MgSO4 in EBSS). At the concentration of 2.5%, ALM significantly reduce CoCl2-induced cell loss. The protective effect remained if ALM was given 1 hour within the insult. We then used transient middle cerebral artery occlusion to investigate the therapeutic effects of ALM in vivo. Rats were randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental (ALM) group vs. control (saline) group, and infusion was given during the ischemia for one hour. The infarction area was significantly reduced in the ALM group (5.0% ± 2.0% vs. 23.5%±5.5%, p=0.013). The neurological deficits was reduced in the ALM group (Modified Longa score: 0 [0-1] vs.2 [1–2], p=0.047). The neuroprotective effect was substantiated by the reduction of various neuron injury markers in the plasma. These results demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of ALM and may provide a new therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke.
Multivariate Flood Risk Assessment of the Unplanned Semi- Urban Region by Incorporating Flood Hazard, Vulnerability, and Exposure
Authors: Bhere Sachin , Reddy M. Janga 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The mapping of flood risk is important to identify areas at risk and to improve flood disaster management and preparedness. Flood risk is often expressed as the product of the hazard and the probable consequences which is determined in terms of direct damages by assessing flood vulnerability and exposure. This study aims to develop the flood risk assessment (FRA) framework for the dense semi-urban region by incorporating flood hazard, topographic and socio-economic vulnerability, along with exposure, which is calculated by considering housing conditions and classification of the damages by different land use and land cover classes. The FRA at the municipal level is challenging due to the spatial resolution of social, economic, and medical indicators therefore this study attempts to map the flood risk of the semi-urban region where the different zones and housing communities are intertwined due to a lack of town planning. This FRA framework is applied to the Kulgoan-Badlapur Municipal Council (KBMC) located at the Ulhas Riverbank, a west-flowing river in Maharashtra, India. The city is located at the riverbank, which receives more than 2000 mm rainfall annually, and as most growing industries and businesses depend on the river itself, the risk associated with flood increases exponentially. The study shows that the spatial distribution of the flood risk is higher in the wards which are densely populated and near the river stream. Despite low population and assets, some neighborhoods are highly susceptible to flood due to their topographical conditions. Over the years, the population has been increasing in the neighborhoods due to the new real estate projects, which will make them more vulnerable to floods, and the overall risk is increasing. Study shows that the 82% of the area of Valavli and Manjarli ward comes under high flood risk due to high topographic vulnerability and exposure. Similarly the few parts of Industrial zone also comes under the high risk because of its location near river bank. The wards like Kulgaon comes under medium flood risk despite its high socio-economic vulnerability and high exposure which proves that the flood risk is majorly depends on the flood inundation. The exposure-based flood risk assessment will help to frame a more practical and reasonable evaluation of risk for growing urban and industrial zones.
CD73 molecule inhibitor upregulates miR16 expression in experimental glioblastoma and inhibits angiogenesis by targeting VEGF
Authors: Arab Samaneh , Ghasemi Sahar , Bahraminasab Marjan , Ghanbari Ali , Heidari Mina , Kokhaei Parviz , Asgharzade Samira 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe function of CD73, an enzyme that is involved in adenosine (ADO) generation, in glioblastoma development has been demonstrated however the details of its molecular mechanisms are not realized nevertheless. MethodsDue to the significance of angiogenesis in cancer progression, invasion, and metastasis, we intended to evaluate the impact of CD73 inhibition by adenosine 5′-(α, β-methylene) diphosphate (APCP) on the angiogenesis process of experimental orthotopic glioblastoma at mRNAs, microRNAs, and proteins levels. ResultsAccording to the real time-PCR findings, CD73 inhibition decreased glioblastoma angiogenesis by reducing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) expression. Also, immunohistochemical staining showed that this treatment protocol attenuated the expression of VEGF and CD31. Moreover, APCP treatment in the glioblastoma model rats significantly increased miR-16 expression, although there is not observed significant change in expression in miR-29A. Treatment did not induce systemic damage or significant body weight loss.Conclusion In conclusion, our findings indicate that CD73 inhibition can diminish tumor new vessel generation by inhibiting the molecules involved in this process, thereby CD73 may be a practical target and provide novel opportunities for improving the treatment of malignant brain tumors.
The Relationship Between Adhesion Morphology and Cutting Force in Orthogonal Cutting of 6061-T6 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Ding Yuxing , Yu Jianchao , Lu Zhikai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Due to the sticky and soft characteristics of aluminum alloy, it is easy to form adhesion on the tool rake face during cutting process. In this work, the relationship between adhesion and cutting force has been explored, and the orthogonal cutting tests were carried out at cutting speeds of 20 m/min-300 m/min and feed rates of 0.05 mm-0.3 mm. The slip line model was used to separate the edge force of the cutting edge to obtain the pure friction force of the tool rake face, thereby obtaining the average friction coefficient. The adhesion morphology was observed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and compared with the average friction coefficient. It is found that different adhesion morphologies correspond to different friction coefficient ranges. Simultaneously, the relationship between the temperature and normal stress on the tool rake face and the adhesion morphology and friction coefficient was investigated, and the results showed that the temperature is the major factor of the adhesion evolution and friction coefficient change. Combining the tool rake face temperature and the adhesion morphology, it was noted that the reduction of the friction coefficient is not only owing to the self-lubrication caused by thermal softening, but also due to the decrease of the total shear force caused by the incomplete contact. Finally, the relationship between the friction coefficient of the tool rake face and the cutting force and specific cutting energy was discussed, with the conclusion that the friction coefficient has an impact on the cutting force and specific cutting energy by changing the shear angle.
Antioxidant and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Capacity of Hyrosols From Lamiaceae Plants for Biopesticide Use. The Role of Phenolic Compounds
Authors: GASPAR-PINTILIESCU Alexandra , MIHAI Elena , CIUCAN Teodora , POPESCU Adriana Florina , LUNTRARU Cristina , TOMESCU Justinian , CRACIUNESCU Oana 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Hydrosols are aqueous solutions obtained as by-products after essential oil extraction from aromatic plants. However, they have been lately reconsidered for applications in ecological agriculture, cosmetic and food industry due to their valuable bioactive phytochemicals content. The aim of this study was to identify the main volatile and polyphenolic compounds in hydrosols extracted from three Romanian Lamiaceae plants, sage (Salvia officinalis), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) and to analyse the correlation of their total phenolics content to the antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibition capacity, in view of future development of novel biopesticides.
Results

Our results showed that sage and rosemary hydrosols presented better antioxidant activity than lavender hydrosol in all tested free radical scavenging and metal chelating assays. Good correlation of the antioxidant activity to hydrosols’ phenolics and flavonoids content was observed, except for DPPH assay. The same order was found for acetylcholinesterase activity inhibition, but this was partially related to phenolics content of hydrosols, suggesting that other components present in hydrosols were active compounds with synergistic role in this process.
Conclusion

These results indicated that Lamiaceae hydrosols could be recommended alone or as optimised mixtures to develop novel natural products for the control of pests in eco-agrosystems.
Genealogy of Development and Codification of Yugoslavian Earthquake Resistant Design
Authors: Milutinovic Zoran , Makreska Radmila Salic , Tomic Daniel , Trajcevski Jovan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This contribution aims to clarify for exposure modellers and vulnerability and seismic risk assessors the basis on which seismic lateral loads have been established in all Yugoslavian seismic design codes since 1948. The particular focus is on JUS39/64 and JUS31/81 seismic design codes since they controlled the seismic safety of Macedonian (and Yugoslavian) exposure for 16 and 41 years, respectively. The analyses and discussions are centred on lateral force coefficients as a primary factor for representing the features of each design level. Presented is in all detail the developed K-Quotient method that efficiently compares inter-code lateral force levels. The method provides the closed solution for simplified lateral load calculation applicable to “stiff” buildings (T≤0.5s). The presented results are indicative of flexible buildings requiring further research on the subject.
Lumpy Skin Virus; Herpesviridae Inevitable Synergism
Authors: Kamal Samia Ahmed 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Lumpy skin virus causes huge economic losses in farm animals. Herpesviridae are opportunistic and showed synergistic role but worsen disease symptoms. By using TEM & negative staining one avoid the problematic concerns of differential diagnosis.Materials and Methods: Cutaneous crusts collected from infected cattle, samples examined directly by the electron microscopy, then confirmed by the Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction and partially sequenced by ORF103 gene.Results: This study reveals that the source of infection was not related to the vaccines. It turns out to be a natural infection by Lumpy skin disease virus isolate Evros / GR/15 and 99% identity. A comparison of the gene sequence of the vaccine against the virus showed significant divergence between them. Negative staining electron microscopy reveals Lumpy skin disease virus & Herpes viruses in different sizes and forms. Herpesviridae members were contaminating LSD lesions as TEM reveals the presence of different herpes types. Conclusions: LSD virus of cattle showed virulent nature in natural outbreak. However, the herpes viruses invade infected tissues and propagate inside cells of lumps that revealed its opportunistic behavior. Consequently; Antivirals against Herpesviridae would theoretically relief lumpy skin disease symptoms and help in control efforts.
Discovering chromosomal regions related to spot blotch disease in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by QTL analysis
Authors: pankaj yaswant kumar , Kumar Rajeev , Gill Kulvinder Singh , Nagarajan Ragupathi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Spot blotch (SB) is a major constraint to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in South Asia's warmer plains. SB, also known as leaf blight, is caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana and causes significant yield losses in India's Eastern Gangetic Plain Zone. The aim of this study was to map SB resistance via composite interval mapping (CIM) in the PBW343/IC252874 population, which comprised of 165 doubled haploid lines (DHLs), across two years in India. The phenotypic analysis of these lines revealed a constant variance in disease severity, implying that SB resistance is most likely polygenic. DHLs' phenotypic data was also used to map QTLs using SSR markers. The presence of quantitative inheritance with transgressive segregation for SB resistance in the population was also revealed. The QTLs were discovered on 12 chromosomes i.e. 1B, 1D, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3B, 4A, 4D, 5A, 5B, 6A, and 7A. A new QTL was detected on chromosome 4D being linked to SB in both years. We have also found two consistent QTLs on the chromosomes, 2B and 5B with the average PVE of 17.9% and 19.9% respectively. These findings reveal new genomic areas linked to spot blotch disease, which could be used in disease resistance breeding strategies in wheat advancement with further validation.
Construct Validity and Applicability of a Team-sport-specific Change of Direction Test
Authors: Willberg Christina , Kohler Axel , Zentgraf Karen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUNDː Cuts and fast changes of directions (COD) are frequent movements during games in team sport. As those movements are seen as a key performance parameter in team sport, COD assessments are included in performance diagnostics. However, some tests are criticized as they seem to be confounded by parameters such as linear sprinting performance. Therefore, it is suggested that not only the total COD time should be assessed, but also the athletes' COD movements should be examined in more detail. For example, split times could be analyzed in tests with more than one COD such as the Team-Sport-Specific COD test (TSS-COD) which was developed as a modified version of the Handball Agility-Specific test. We aimed to investigate the construct validity of TSS-COD, focusing on the homogeneity of the different test parts. We also tested how far sprint performance maps onto COD performance.METHODSː Test data were analyzed from 154 elite male and female volleyball and basketball athletes. Explorative principal component analysis (PCA) was calculated including the test interval durations and the athletes’ 5, 10, and 20 m sprint performance, to test the validity of TSS-COD.RESULTSː PCA results showed that the COD start interval formed a factor separate from the other COD sub-intervals. In addition, sprint performance was separated from all COD interval measures. The findings were confirmed by split-half validation.CONCLUSIONSː Sprint and COD performance represent independent performance domains. The validity of the TSS-COD test can be increased further by either subtracting the duration of the start interval from the total time or starting assessments after the start interval.
Predictive Factors for Recovery Time in Conceived Women Suffering From Moderate to Severe Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
Authors: Huang Kai , Shi Ying , Chen Gezi , Shi Hao , Zhai Jun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Backgroud: To evaluate potential predictors for recovery time in pregnant patients with moderate to severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Methods: A total of 424 pregnant patients with moderate to severe OHSS underwent in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) were retrospectively identified. The clinical features and laboratory findings within 24 hours after admission were collected. Treatment of OHSS was carried out according to standard procedure including fluid replacement therapy, human albumin, aspirin, low molecular weight heparin and paracentesis if necessary. Patients were discharged from hospital when morning hematocrit was <40% and no obvious clinically relevant symptoms were existed, such as abdominal distension, abdominal pain and shortness of breath. Meanwhile, ultrasound indicated little pleural or abdominal effusion and biochemical abnormalities return to normal were required. Results: The median recovery time of these patients was 11 days. In spearman correlation test, leukocyte, hemoglobin, platelets, hematocrit, creatinine, PT, Fib, D-dimer, and FDP were positively correlated with recovery time. Whereas, albumin and TT were negatively correlated with recovery time. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hemoglobin, platelets, albumin, and Fib significantly associated with the recovery time of OHSS patients (p = 0.023, p < 0.001, p = 0.007, p < 0.001, and p = 0.019; respectively). Conclusions: In pregnant OHSS patients, presence of PCOS and hypoalbuminemia were associated with significantly longer recovery time. Meanwhile, recovery time was longer when patients have high levels of hemoglobin, platelets and Fib.
Stretchable Conductive Materials Based On Braided Cnt Yarns On Elastomeric Core
Authors: Bar Avia J , Mead Joey , Dodiuk Hanna , Kenig Samuel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The mechanical properties of braided carbon nanotube yarns (CNTYs) on an elastomeric core to produce stretchable conductive materials were modeled and studied under tension. The elastomeric core served as the stretchable spring and the CNTYs braiding, with shape changing capabilities, as the conductive shell. The model predicts the stress-strain behavior of the composite as a function of the initial braiding angle and the number of pitches. The innovative aspect was included in the model related to the friction between the braid and the core. Results indicated good agreement between the theoretical model and the experimental results. Since the rate of the diameter decrease of the CNTYs braid was higher than that of the elastomeric core diameter, squeezing out of the core through the braid inter yarn space occurred. This limited the maximum potential extension of the braid. Thus, a critical strain was defined where the braid came into contact with the core. The addition of the friction stresses made a significant contribution to the overall stresses and the accuracy of the model and its agreement with the experimental results. An apparent friction coefficient was proposed to account for the effect of the elastomer core/braid interactive restriction and squeezing out of the elastomer through the braiding, as observed in experimental results. As the CNTYs are conductive, a stretchable conductive composite was obtained having a resistivity of 9.05x10-4 Ohm*cm, which remained constant throughout the tensile loading until failure and under cyclic loading.
Bubble-Particle Collision Efficiency in Rotating Dissolved Air Flotation in Paper-Recycling Wastewater Treatment: Experiments and Modeling
Authors: jelodar Abbas Hasannattaj , Rad Hasan Amini , Borghei Seyed Mehdi , Vossoughi Manuchehr , Rouhollahi Rahmatollah 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Paper-recycling mills are serious environmental threats due to their high consumption of water and highly polluted wastewater. Particles are the most common issue of paper-recycling wastewater, and their removal is important for recycling. Rotating dissolved air flotation (RDAF) is a system for separating particles, and the mixing zone of this system, where particles collide with air bubbles, is the most important part that has not been studied. In this work, the mixing zone of a full-scale RDAF in the paper-recycling mill wastewater treatment was investigated to predict particle-bubble collision efficiency and the diameter of the formed particles in different turbulence conditions. ANSYS CFX R18.0, mathematical modeling, and experimental analysis were simultaneously conducted in this research. Based on experimental operation, four scenarios including flow rates and the discharge condition of effluent into the mixing zone were studied. Bubbles with sizes of 60, 80 and 100 µm and the turbulences were calculated. The particle-bubble collision efficiencies indicated the output particles diameter ranging from 50 to 300 µm. Also, an experimental particle size test (SLS) was performed. The modeling and experimental results both showed that the collision efficiency was higher with the production of larger particles when valves #3 and #4 were opened in the mixing zone.