bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triglyceride-Glucose Index and the Prognosis of Patients with Acute
Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ma Xueling , Han Yuijia , Jiang Lai , Li Man 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA higher triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been related to an increased
incidence of stroke in community population. A meta-analysis was performed to
evaluate the association between TyG index and prognosis in patients with acute
ischemic stroke (IS). Observational studies, which evaluated the influence of
TyG index on functional outcome and mortality in patients with acute IS were
retrieved by search the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wanfang and China
National Knowledge Infrastructure databases from inception to February 20, 2022.
Two authors independently collected the data of study characteristics and
outcomes. A random-effect model was used to pool the results via incorporating
the influence of possible between-study heterogeneity. Eight cohort studies
involving 34 076 patients with acute IS contributed to the study. Pooled results
showed that a higher TyG index was independently associated with increased risks
of all-cause mortality (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.19–2.15,
p=0.002; I2=78%) and poor functional outcome (OR: 1.37,
95% CI: 1.11–1.69, p=0.004; I2=71%).
Further sensitivity analyses by excluding one cohort study at a time showed
consistent results (p all<0.05). Subgroup analyses showed similar
results in prospective and retrospective cohort studies, in non-diabetic and
diabetic patients, and in studies with follow-up durations within 3 months and
of 12 months (p for subgroup analyses all>0.05). In conclusion, higher
TyG index is a predictor of all-cause mortality and poor functional outcome in
patients with acute IS, and TyG index may be useful for prognostic evaluation in
these patients.
Base-Catalyzed Synthesis of Flavones via Thiol-Assisted Sequential Demethylation/Cyclization of 1-(2-Methoxyphenyl)prop-2-yn-1-ones
Authors: Godoi Benhur , Heck Ritiele , Anjos Thiago , Giehl Maira R. , Schumacher Ricardo F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFlavone and analogues represent an important class of biologically and pharmacologically active substances commonly found in the composition of diverse plants as part of the class of secondary metabolites. Herein, an efficient and regioselective synthetic strategy for the preparation of functionalized flavones is demonstrated through sequential demethylation/6-endo-dig intramolecular cyclization of propyn-1-ones, using catalytic amounts of base in the presence of a thiol, by employing NMP as the solvent. The reactions proceeded smoothly under transition-metal-free and open to air conditions, furnishing the desired six-membered heterocycles in moderate to excellent yields, in short reaction time.
Treating Concomitant Language and/or Phonology Impairment in Children Who Stutter
Authors: Hall Nancy E. , Singer Cara M. , Sawyer Jean 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStuttering can co-occur with phonological and/or language impairment in a nontrivial number of children. This article provides a framework for addressing concomitant phonology/language impairment and stuttering through the application of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework. Described is a multifactorial approach to understanding stuttering, the application of the ICF to treating children who stutter with concomitant disorders, and models for structuring-related therapy. A case study is explored to illustrate this process and includes a sample treatment plan with goals, short-term objectives, and sample activities.
Stuttering and Autism Spectrum Disorders: Assessment and Treatment
Authors: Tetnowski John A. , Donaher Joseph 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDual diagnoses of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and stuttering have been reported in the literature, but little is known about how often they co-occur, the best practices for assessment, and even less about intervention. In this article, we gathered the data available on these issues and compiled and analyzed the sparse findings to offer suggestions for assessment and treatment. This article begins with a glossary of terms to promote consistency and understanding. Next, suggestions for assessment are provided along with a work sheet to document fluency breakdowns and monitor change. Suggestions for language and cognitive issues are also provided with a sample worksheet. Finally, an outline and explanation of stuttering/fluency goals for clients with these dual diagnoses are included. Case studies of two individuals who stutter and are diagnosed with ASD are presented to provide exemplars of how to assess and treat individuals with these dual diagnoses. Caveats on how to work with individuals with ASD and fluency disorders, based on our current understanding, are presented in the conclusion.
Renal Dysfunction in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Sobh Mahmoud , Abdalbary Mohamed , Abdelsalam Mostafa , Mohamed Amr El-Husseini 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLiver cirrhosis is a major health problem that can affect people of different ages. It induces pivotal hemodynamic and metabolic systemic disturbances along with other organs dysfunction. Renal dysfunction in cirrhotic patients is not uncommon, and subtle renal impairment is an early and very frequent finding. Liver cirrhosis can afflict kidney functions through different mechanisms. Renal vasoconstriction is usually the initial response of splanchnic vasodilation and decreased effective renal plasma flow. This induces a reduction of intraglomerular pressure leading to stimulation of renin-angiotensin system to maintain the glomerular filtration rate. Other causes of renal dysfunction include electrolytes and acid-base disturbances, systemic inflammation, bile cast nephropathy, and intra-abdominal hypertension. Loss of renal reserve is usually the earliest manifestation of kidney dysfunction in cirrhotic patients. This makes the kidney supersensitive to any subsequent hemodynamic or metabolic abnormalities. Proper assessment of kidney function is one of the major challenges in cirrhotic patients. The use of serum creatinine and creatinine-based equations is inaccurate and can overestimate kidney function. Hepato-renal syndrome (HRS) is a life-threatening disorder. In the last decade, there was significant progress in understanding the mechanism of this mysterious disorder. In this article, we are focusing on different mechanisms of kidney dysfunction in cirrhotic patients and the major diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
Diagnostic Accuracy and Cost Savings Associated with Dermoscopy: An Economic Study
Authors: Shir-az Ofir , Yaacobi Dafna Shilo , Berl Ariel , Yosefof Eyal , Grush Andrew E. , Shalom Avshalom 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCutaneous malignancies are the most common overall cancer worldwide. Dermoscopy is widely used among various specialties to evaluate skin lesions and to differentiate benign from malignant lesions. Our objective was to evaluate the diagnostic capability and the economic impact of dermoscopy. The accuracy of diagnoses and economic costs of treating skin lesions were compared between two periods: 2001 to 2007 (prior the use of dermoscopy) and 2009 to 2011 (following implementation of dermoscopy). During the earlier period, 6,549 skin lesions were excised, of which 1,042 (15.9%) were malignant. During the later period, 2,578 lesions were excised, of which 610 (23.7%) were malignant. The potential savings estimated for the Israeli health care system are 6,500,000 USD. The use of dermoscopy increases sensitivity in diagnosing malignant skin lesions, enables diagnoses at an earlier stage, and has the potential for major cost savings for the health care system.
Early Exposure of the Dorsal Surface of M1 Segment via the Distal Transsylvian Approach for Clipping of Anteroinferior-Projecting Middle Cerebral Artery Bifurcation Aneurysms
Authors: Sriamornrattanakul Kitiporn , Akharathammachote Nasaeng , Wongsuriyanan Somkiat 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Middle cerebral artery bifurcation (MCAB) aneurysms are common intracranial aneurysms. Anteroinferior-projecting MCAB aneurysms, with M1 segment usually embedded into the deep part of the Sylvian fissure, cause some surgical challenges. The distal transsylvian approach (DTSA) allows M1 exposure from the dorsal surface for proximal control in the early step. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of DTSA for clipping anteroinferior-projecting MCAB aneurysms.
Methods Among 97 patients with MCA aneurysms, 13 with anteroinferior-projecting MCAB aneurysms who underwent aneurysm clipping via the DTSA between June 2018 and January 2021 were retrospectively evaluated for the aneurysm obliteration rate, surgical complications, and outcomes.
Results Ten patients (76.9%) had ruptured MCAB aneurysms and three (23.1%) had incidentally discovered unruptured MCAB aneurysms. Favorable outcome was achieved in 100% of patients with good grade. The complete aneurysm obliteration rate was 100% without intraoperative lenticulostriate artery injury. Twelve (92.3%) patients had early identified distal M1 segment for proximal control, and one (7.7%) patient had premature rupture of aneurysm that achieved favorable outcome at 3 months postoperatively. Difficult M1 exposure and premature rupture occurred in the patient with MCAB located above the Sylvian fissure line. Permanent postoperative neurological deficit was detected in one patient due to severe vasospasm.
Conclusion DTSA, which simplify the early exposure of the dorsal surface of distal M1, is safe and effective for clipping anteroinferior-projecting MCAB aneurysms without extensive Sylvian fissure dissection. High-positioned MCAB requires careful dissection of the aneurysm neck with consideration of tentative clipping preparation.
Getting Closer or Falling Apart? Euro Area Countries After the Sovereign Debt Crisis
Authors: Bordignon Massimo , Gatti Nicolò , Onorato Massimiliano Gaetano 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe study convergence and divergence dynamics in a sample of euro area countries by assembling an extensive dataset that contains information on public spending and policy outcomes in a variety of areas of government intervention including education, health, and civil justice from the early 1990s. We also focus on other important determinants of a country’s economic performance such as the level of regulation of product and labor markets, as well as the trust in political institutions, quality of governance, and inequality. Results show that despite divergent economic growth in the euro periphery countries after the 2010–2012 sovereign debt crisis, the quality of services and level of regulation did not deteriorate or indeed improved, increasing convergence with the core euro countries. However, the euro area sovereign debt crisis dramatically worsened citizens’ perceptions of quality of governance, as well as the level of social trust. This calls in question the future political viability of the EMU project and asks for reform.
Impact of school closure due to COVID-19 on phonemic awareness of first-grade primary school children
Authors: Coskun Kerem , Kara Cihan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe purpose of the present research was to disclose the impact of school closures due COVID-19 on phonemic awareness of first-grade primary school students. The research sample comprised two cohorts. Cohort-1 consisted of 59 first-grade primary school students, while there were 193 students in Cohort-2. A total of 252 first-grade primary school students were recruited into the research sample. Data were collected with the Phonemic Awareness Test which was specifically designed for the research. Mediation analysis was used for data analysis. Results of the mediation analysis indicated that school closures due to COVID-19 led to significant decreases in phonemic awareness of first-grade primary school students. Results are also discussed along with student–teacher interactions.
Beating signals in CdSe quantum dots measured by low-temperature 2D spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Zhengjun , Hedse Albin , Amarotti Edoardo , Lenngren Nils , Žídek Karel , Zheng Kaibo , Zigmantas Donatas , Pullerits Tõnu 
Published: June 2022

Advances in ultrafast spectroscopy can provide access to dynamics involving nontrivial quantum correlations and their evolutions. In coherent 2D spectroscopy, the oscillatory time dependence of a signal is a signature of such quantum dynamics. Here, we study such beating signals in electronic coherent 2D spectroscopy of CdSe quantum dots (CdSe QDs) at 77 K. The beating signals are analyzed in terms of their positive and negative Fourier components. We conclude that the beatings originate from coherent LO-phonons of CdSe QDs. No evidence for the QD size dependence of the LO-phonon frequency was identified.
Experimental and computational studies of the kinetics of the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with the amidogen radical
Authors: Alecu I. M. , Gao Yide , Marshall Paul 
Published: June 2022

The pulsed-laser photolysis/laser-induced fluorescence method is used to study the kinetics of the reaction of NH2 with H2O2 to yield a second-order rate constant of (2.42 ± 0.55) × 10−14 cm3 molecule−1 s−1 at 412 K in 10–22 mbar of Ar bath gas. There are no prior measurements for comparison. To check this value and enable reliable extrapolation to other temperatures, we also compute thermal rate constants for this process over the temperature range 298–3000 K via multi-structural canonical variational transition-state theory with small-curvature multidimensional tunneling (MS-CVT/SCT). The CVT/SCT rate constants are derived using a dual-level direct dynamics approach utilizing single-point CCSD(T)-F12b/cc-pVQZ-F12 energies—corrected for core-valence and scalar relativistic effects—and M06-2X/MG3S geometries, gradients, and Hessians—for all stationary and non-stationary points along the reaction path. The multistructural method with torsional anharmonicity, based on a coupled torsional potential, is then employed to calculate correction factors for the rate constants, accounting for the comprehensive effects of torsional anharmonicity on the kinetics of this reaction system. The final MS-CVT/SCT rate constants are found to be in good agreement with our measurements and can be expressed in modified Arrhenius form as 2.13 × 10−15 (T/298 K)4.02 exp(−513 K/T) cm3 molecule−1 s−1 over the temperature range of 298–3000 K.
Influence of oxygen plasma treatment on structural and spectral changes in gold nanorods immobilized on indium tin oxide surfaces
Authors: Ramasamy Mukunthan , Ha Ji Won 
Published: June 2022

Oxygen plasma treatment is commonly used to sterilize gold nanoparticles by removing chemical contaminants from their surface while simultaneously inducing surface activation and functionalization of nanoparticles for biological, electrocatalytic, or electrochemical studies. In this study, we investigate the influence of oxygen plasma treatment on structural and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) spectral changes of anisotropic gold nanorods (AuNRs) immobilized on an indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate. Unlike AuNRs deposited on a glass slide, no noticeable structural change or deformation of AuNRs on ITO was observed while increasing the oxygen plasma treatment time. This result indicates that ITO provides structural stability to AuNRs immobilized on its surface. Additionally, single-particle scattering spectra of AuNRs showed the broadening of LSPR linewidth within 60 s of oxygen plasma treatment as a result of the plasmon energy loss contributed from plasmon damping to ITO due to the removal of capping material from the AuNR surface. Nevertheless, an increase in the surface charge on the AuNR surface was observed by narrowing the LSPR linewidth after 180 s of plasma treatment. The electrochemical study of AuNRs immobilized on ITO electrodes revealed the surface activation and functionalization of AuNRs by increasing plasma treatment. Hence, in this study, a significant understanding of oxygen plasma treatment on AuNRs immobilized on ITO surfaces is provided.
Lung surfactant negatively affects the photodynamic inactivation of bacteria—in vitro and molecular dynamic simulation analyses
Authors: Kassab Giulia , Diaz Tovar Johan Sebastian , Souza Lucas Miguel Pereira , Costa Rayla Kelly Magalhães , Silva Rudielson Santos , Pimentel André Silva , Kurachi Cristina , Bagnato Vanderlei Salvador 
Published: June 2022

In the context of the rapid increase of antibiotic-resistant infections, in particular of pneumonia, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), the microbiological application of photodynamic therapy (PDT), comes in as a promising treatment alternative since the induced damage and resultant death are not dependent on a specific biomolecule or cellular pathway. The applicability of aPDT using the photosensitizer indocyanine green with infrared light has been successfully demonstrated for different bacterial agents in vitro, and the combination of pulmonary delivery using nebulization and external light activation has been shown to be feasible. However, there has been little progress in obtaining sufficient in vivo efficacy results. This study reports the lung surfactant as a significant suppressor of aPDT in the lungs. In vitro, the clinical surfactant Survanta® reduced the aPDT effect of indocyanine green, Photodithazine®, bacteriochlorin-trizma, and protoporphyrin IX againstStreptococcus pneumoniae. The absorbance and fluorescence spectra, as well as the photobleaching profile, suggested that the decrease in efficacy is not a result of singlet oxygen quenching, while a molecular dynamics simulation showed an affinity for the polar head groups of the surfactant phospholipids that likely impacts uptake of the photosensitizers by the bacteria. Methylene blue is the exception, likely because its high water solubility confers a higher mobility when interacting with the surfactant layer. We propose that the interaction between lung surfactant and photosensitizer must be taken into account when developing pulmonary aPDT protocols.
Warum Deutsch lernen?
Authors: Stamou Anastasia G. , Sidiropoulou Evmorfia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the present study, we explore the discursive construction of German language learning identities on the Goethe Institute website. With this aim, we depart from critical sociolinguistic approaches to multilingualism and draw on an analytical framework which views discourse as a lens through which one can examine the ways identities are actively accomplished in particular contexts. From the analysis, it appears that on the central body of the Institute website, the German language learners are constructed as elite, global and mobile multilinguals. In contrast, the recipients of the Institute portal “Mein Weg nach Deutchland” are attached to the local and non-elite multilingual identities of immigrants / refugees. Thus, the Goethe Institute website is a socially constructed space invested with hierarchical meanings about “where” German language is an elite multilingual skill and “where” it is not.
Collaborative smartphone experiments for large audiences with phyphox
Authors: Staacks S , Dorsel D , Hütz S , Stallmach F , Splith T , Heinke H , Stampfer C 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We present methods to implement collaborative experimentation with smartphone sensors for larger audiences ranging from typical university undergraduate courses of hundreds of students in a lecture hall to world-wide outreaches on the Internet. These methods are based on the app ‘phyphox’, which is being developed by the authors, and encompass simple data collection via web forms as well as a new network interface for ‘phyphox’, allowing to collect real-time experiment data from an audience on-site or easy data submission for remote participants. Examples are given with practical considerations derived from first implementations of this method in a lecture hall with 350 undergraduate students as well as a global experiment to determine the Earth’s axial tilt with smartphones.
Nonlinear mechanisms in Al and Ti superconducting travelling-wave parametric amplifiers
Authors: Zhao Songyuan , Withington S , Thomas C N 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The underlying nonlinear mechanisms behind the operation of travelling-wave parametric amplifiers (TWPAs) are important in determining their performance in terms of added noise, maximum gain, and bandwidth. We describe a method of characterising the underlying nonlinearity of a superconducting material in terms of its dissipative-reactive ratio and the response time of the underlying microscopic processes. We describe and calculate the different behaviour arising from the equilibrium supercurrent nonlinearity, which has low dissipation and fast response time, and the non-equilibrium heating nonlinearity, which has high dissipation and slow response time. We have fabricated TWPAs based on Al and Ti, and characterised their nonlinearities using our analysis. For both Al and Ti, the measured dissipative-reactive ratios and response times are quantitatively similar to predictions for the non-equilibrium heating nonlinearity. We were able to obtain more than

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of peak power gain, although only over a narrow bandwidth of a few kilohertz. Our method of characterising the underlying nonlinearities could also be useful in the understanding and design of other superconducting nonlinear devices such as parametric up-converters, kinetic inductance Fourier transform spectrometers, and resonator parametric amplifiers.
A thermophone-based bridge circuit for the measurement of electrical and thermal properties of thin films
Authors: Tatnell D M , Heath M S , Hibbins A P , Horsell D W 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Sound can be generated via modulated Joule heating of thin conductive films. Its amplitude and phase are sensitive to the electrical and thermal properties of the film. Here we show how such sound can be used to measure and quantify these properties. In particular, we experimentally determine the relative conductances of electrical paths in a multi-branched thin film, which can then be used to find the temperature dependence of the film conductance. This is achieved by nullifying the sound at a given point in the sound field using simple voltage control. This method, essentially an acoustic analogue of an electrical bridge circuit, is advantageous since it allows for electrical and thermal properties to be measured simultaneously. These attributes benefit the characterisation of complex circuit architectures, as well as thermal sensing.
A point-line-plane primitives fused localization and object-oriented semantic mapping in structural indoor scenes
Authors: Xia Linlin , Cui Jiashuo , Li Xinying , Zhang Daochang , Zhang Jingjing , Yi Linna 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Visual SLAM (abbreviates ‘simultaneous localization and mapping’) is a promising solution for environment mapping. This study is devoted to a description of a semantically ensembled SLAM framework. For structural indoor scenes, the structured lines and planes can serve as the newly added constraints to improve the positioning accuracy. In this paper, we propose to comprehensively incorporate point-line-plane primitives and construct a tightly coupled camera pose estimator without any environment assumptions. In particular, the maximum number of extracted lines features is numerically determined. We further integrate a lightweight object mapping pipeline with the designed pose estimator. In this pipeline, the leveraging of fitted plane and cuboid landmarks enables an online, CPU-based dense mapping. The tests on ICL-NUIM and TUM benchmark datasets illustrate that, in comparison to ORB-SLAM2, PL-SLAM (Point and Line based SLAM), SP-SLAM (Supposed Plane SLAM) and PLP-SLAM (Point, Line and Plane fused SLAM), our design leads to superior performances in global consistency and system drift elimination. The feature detection and multi-level map reconstruction results are simultaneously provided.