bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions using synthetic relaxometry and the Kaiser score
Authors: Meng Lingsong , Zhao Xin , Guo Jinxia , Lu Lin , Cheng Meiying , Xing Qingna , Shang Honglei , Wang Kaiyu , Zhang Bohao , Lei Dongmei , Zhang Xiaoan 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate whether there is added value of quantitative parameters from synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (SyMRI) as a complement to the Kaiser score (KS) to differentiate benign and malignant breast lesions.Materials and methodsIn this single-institution study, 122 patients who underwent breast MRI from March 2020 to May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. SyMRI and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI were performed using a 3.0-T system. Two experienced radiologists independently assigned the KS and measured the quantitative values of T1 relaxation time (T1), T2 relaxation time (T2), and proton density (PD) from SyMRI. Pathology was regarded as the gold standard. The diagnostic values were compared using the appropriate statistical tests.ResultsThere were 122 lesions (86 malignant and 36 benign) in 122 women. The T1 value was identified as the only independent factor for the differentiation of malignant and benign lesions. The diagnostic accuracy of incorporating the T1 into the KS protocol (T1+KS) was 95.1% and 92.1% for all lesions (ALL) and The American College of Radiology (ACR) Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 4 lesions, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of either T1 (ALL: 82.8%, P = 0.0001; BI-RADS 4: 78.9%, P = 0.002) or KS (ALL: 90.2%, P = 0.031; BI-RADS 4: 84.2%, P = 0.031) alone. The sensitivity and specificity of T1+KS were also higher than those of the T1 or KS alone. The combined diagnosis could have avoided another 15.6% biopsies compared with using KS alone.ConclusionsIncorporating T1 into the KS protocol improved both the sensitivity and specificity to differentiate benign and malignant breast lesions, thus avoiding unnecessary invasive procedures.
Risk of major adverse events associated with gabapentinoid and opioid combination therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hahn Jongsung , Jo Youngkwon , Yoo So Hee , Shin Jaekyu , Yu Yun Mi , Ah Young-Mi 
Published: October 2022

Background: The use of opioid–gabapentinoid combinations has increased, raising several safety concerns. However, meta-analysis studies focusing on this issue are limited.Objective: To evaluate the risk of central nervous system (CNS) depression, gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events, and mortality of combination therapy compared with those of opioid therapy and to explore the differences in the results according to study design and indications.Methods: Relevant studies were selected (published before 30 January 2022) by searching the MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL databases. The pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the outcomes were estimated using the Mantel–Haenszel method. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed according to study characteristics. Quality assessment was conducted using the Risk of Bias 2 tool for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias in non-RCTs tool for non-randomized trials.Results: Adverse events were reported in 26 RCTs and 7 non-RCTs, and mortality was reported in 10 non-RCTs. Compared to opioid therapy, dizziness, cognitive dysfunction, and respiratory depression in combination therapy significantly increased in non-RCTs (OR 3.26, 95% CI 1.82–5.85; OR 3.13, 95% CI 1.51–6.50; OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.31–2.24, respectively), and a similar trend for dizziness and cognitive dysfunction was also identified in the RCT analysis, although the difference was not significant. Combination therapy for cancer pain was associated with the highest risk of sedation in subgroup analysis. Combination therapy significantly decreased the risk of GI adverse events, including nausea, vomiting, and constipation. The mortality risk associated with combination therapy was higher than that associated with opioid therapy (OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.26–6.05).Conclusion: Opioid-gabapentinoid combination therapy could be associated with an increased risk of CNS depression and mortality, despite tolerable GI adverse events. These data suggest that combination therapy requires close monitoring of CNS depression, especially in cancer patients. Caution is needed in interpreting the clinical meanings owing to the lack of risk difference in respiratory depression in the RCT-only analysis and the absence of RCT or prospective studies investigating mortality.
Filling model of oil and polar liquid for electrowetting displays based on phase change
Authors: Jiang Hongwei , Qian Rongzhen , Chen Wenwen , Zhou Rui , Zhou Guofu 
Published: October 2022

Reflective displays have recently attracted more and more attention because of the advantages of low power consumption and eye protection. Among them, electrowetting display (EWD) is the most potential reflective display technology due to its full color and video speed advantages. However, filling models of oil and polar liquids in EWD fabrication were rarely reported. In this paper, a phase change filling model was proposed, and its related equipment was designed and manufactured. The efficiency of phase change filling model has a significant advantage compared to conventional filling models, which can finish the whole process of filling and coupling for 400*500 mm panel within 270 s while the efficiency of other filling models is over 10 min. Since the process of oil filled into the pixels was released into the air environment, the dosing method was significantly enriched, and dosing accuracy was more controllable. The experimental results showed that, a good response time and a high pixel aperture ratio of 31.78 ms and 68.2% can be obtained, respectively.
Virtual Reality “exergames”: A promising countermeasure to improve motivation and restorative effects during long duration spaceflight missions
Authors: Keller Nathan , Whittle Richard S. , McHenry Neil , Johnston Adam , Duncan Colton , Ploutz-Snyder Lori , Torre Gabriel G. De La , Sheffield-Moore Melinda , Chamitoff Gregory , Diaz-Artiles Ana 
Published: October 2022

Long duration spaceflight missions will require novel exercise systems to protect astronaut crew from the detrimental effects of microgravity exposure. The SPRINT protocol is a novel and promising exercise prescription that combines aerobic and resistive training using a flywheel device, and it was successfully employed in a 70-day bed-rest study as well as onboard the International Space Station. Our team created a VR simulation to further augment the SPRINT protocol when using a flywheel ergometer training device (the Multi-Mode Exercise Device or M-MED). The simulation aspired to maximal realism in a virtual river setting while providing real-time biometric feedback on heart rate performance to subjects. In this pilot study, five healthy, male, physically-active subjects aged 35 ± 9.0 years old underwent 2 weeks of SPRINT protocol, either with or without the VR simulation. After a 1-month washout period, subjects returned for a subsequent 2 weeks in the opposite VR condition. We measured physiological and cognitive variables of stress, performance, and well-being. While physiological effects did not suggest much difference with the VR condition over 2 weeks, metrics of motivation, affect, and mood restoration showed detectable differences, or trended toward more positive outcomes than exercise without VR. These results provide evidence that a well-designed VR “exergaming” simulation with biometric feedback could be a beneficial addition to exercise prescriptions, especially if users are exposed to isolation and confinement.
Behavioral pathway to a broken heart: The link between adverse childhood experiences, depression, physical exercise and cardiovascular health
Authors: Bertele Sebastian , Heitland Ivo , Fraccarollo Daniela , Stapel Britta , Bauersachs Johann , Westhoff-Bleck Mechthild , Kahl Kai G. 
Published: October 2022

Background and aimAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a major risk factor for unfavorable behavioral, mental and health outcomes later in life. However, the precise pathwayviawhich ACEs convey these risks, in particular regarding health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease, remains unknown. Here, we combined psychiatric and cardiac methods to investigate the pathwayviawhich childhood adversities may lead to adult adverse cardiovascular health, with a focus on epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) as a risk marker.Methods210 adult congenital heart disease outpatients (mean age 35.5 y, 43% female) completed a thorough cardiac and psychiatric evaluation. Psychiatric measurements included an expert interview, the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ), Beck's depression inventory II (BDI-II), quality of life and the global scale of functioning, amongst others. All patients completed a full cardiac workup including EAT assessment using echocardiography. We then computed bootstrapping mediation models using ACEs as a predictor, depression and physical activity as mediators and EAT as dependent variable in PROCESS.ResultsCTQ scores had a significant indirect effect on EATviaa serial mediation of BDI and physical activity [a*b2*d = 0.0260, 95% BCa CI [0.0047, 0.0619]].ConclusionUsing mediation analyses, we show that adverse childhood events are linked to increased depressive symptoms, which are linked to decreased physical activity, which in turn are linked to a higher amount of epicardial adipose tissue. While other pathways most certainly exist and replication is needed, this suggests a meaningful pathwayviawhich ACEs lead to adverse cardiovascular health, with several potential targets for health interventions across time.
Potential productivity loss from uncorrected and under-corrected presbyopia in low- and middle-income countries: A life table modeling study
Authors: Ma Qian , Chen Min , Li Dehua , Zhou Ruiqing , Du Yali , Yin Shengjie , Chen Binyao , Wang Hongxi , Jiang Jiao , Guan Zhiqiang , Qiu Kunliang 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo estimate the burden of potential productivity losses due to uncorrected and under-corrected presbyopia in LMICs among the working-age population in both the cross-sectional and longitudinal manner.MethodsWe extracted data for the prevalence of presbyopia from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD), Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019. Data for the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita were extracted from the World Bank database and Central Intelligence Agency's World Factbook. We introduced life table models to construct age cohorts (in 5-year age groups) of the working-age population (aged from 40 to 64 years old) in LMICs, with simulated follow-up until 65 years old in people with and without uncorrected presbyopia. The differences in productivity-adjusted life years (PALYs) lived and productivity between these two cohorts were calculated. The potential productivity loss was estimated based on GDP per capita. The WHO standard 3% annual discount rate was applied to all years of life and PALYs lived.ResultsIn 2019, there were 238.40 million (95% confidence interval [CI]: 150.92–346.78 million) uncorrected and under-corrected presbyopia cases in LMICs, resulting in 54.13 billion (current US dollars) (95% confidence interval [CI]: 34.34–79.02 billion) potential productivity losses. With simulated follow-up until retirement, those with uncorrected and under-corrected presbyopia were predicted to experience an additional loss of 155 million PALYs (an average loss of 0.7 PALYs per case), which was equivalent to a total loss of US$ 315 billion (an average loss of US$ 1453.72 per person).ConclusionsOur findings highlight the considerable productivity losses due to uncorrected and under-corrected presbyopia in LMICs, especially in a longitudinal manner. There is a great need for the development of enabling eye care policies and programs to create access to eye care services, and more healthcare investment in the correction of presbyopia in the working-age population in LMICs. This study could provide evidences for some potential health-related strategies for socio-economic development.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BEBERAPA VARIETAS KACANG HIJAU (Vigna radiata L .)
Authors: Hijria Hijria , Pertiwi Syarni Pertiwi 
Published: October 2022

Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kacang hijau, serta mengetahui varietas terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kacang hijau (Vigna radiata L.). Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Cialam Jaya, Kecamatan Konda, Kabupaten Konawe Selatan pada bulan Februari sampai April 2018. Penelitian menggunakan dua faktorial yang disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap kelompok, terdiri atas tiga ulangan sebagai blok, faktor pertama yaitu pupuk organik dengan tiga macam, yaitu tanpa pemberian pupuk organik PADAT (kompos), pupuk Takakura dan pupuk Bokashi. Faktor kedua adalah varietas yang terdiri dari tiga perlakuan yaitu varietas Vima 1, varietas Vima 3 dan varietas Murai. Sehingga terdapat sembilan kombinasi perlakuan. Selanjutnya kombinasi perlakuan ditempatkan pada rancangan acak lengkap kelompok dengan tiga ulangan, sehingga terdapat 27 satuan percobaan berupa petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk organik Takakura memberikan hasil bobot kering 100 biji lebih baik dan varietas Murai memberikan pertumbuhan jumlah bintil akar lebih tinggi. Perlakuan pupuk organik dan macam varietas tidak terjadi interaksi.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK KANDANG AYAM BENTUK CAIR DAN PADAT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine Max (L.) MERRIL)
Authors: Masese Zaedar A. Dg. 
Published: October 2022

Tanaman kedelai termasuk satu diantara beberapa komoditas tanaman pangan yang memiliki nilai ekonomi penting. Produksi kedelai di Sulawesi Tengah pada tahun 2015 sebesar 13.270 ton biji kering, turun sebesar 3.129 ton dibanding produksi tahun 2014 sebesar 16.399 ton. Penurunan tersebut disebabkan adanya penurunan luas panen sebesar 3.044 ha, dengan produktivitas sebesar 2,53 ku/ha. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh berbagai dosis pupuk kandang ayam bentuk padat dan cair terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu konsentrasi pupuk kandang cair, yang terdiri dari dua taraf yaitu 20 ml/L dan 40 ml/L. Faktor kedua yaitu pupuk kandang ayam padat yang terdiri dari empat taraf yaitu tanpa pupuk kandang ayam, 1000 gr, 1500 gr, dan 2000 gr. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi pupuk kandang cair dan padat terbaik pada perlakuan 40 ml pupuk kandang ayam cair dengan 2000 gr pupuk kandang ayam padat memberikan hasil terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai
PRODUKSI BIJI DAN BIOMAS JAGUNG PAKAN TERNAK YANG DIBERI PUPUK ORGANIK DAN KEPADATAN AWAL TANAM BERBEDA PADA LAHAN KERING
Authors: Bahri Syamsul , Purnomo Sutrisno H 
Published: October 2022

Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai Mei 2017 di lahan milik petani di kecamatan Telaga Kabupaten Gorontalo dengan luas areal penanaman seluas 2 ha lahan kering. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor, yaitu penggunaan pupuk sebagai faktor pertama dan kepadatan awal tanam sebagai faktor kedua. Adapun perlakuan yang diteliti adalah faktor pertama : Penggunaan Pupuk P0 = Pupuk Anorganik 100 % (urea 300 kg/ha, SP36 100 kg/ha dan KCl 100 kg/ha) atau (urea 2,6 kg/plot, SP36 0,88 kg/plot dan KCl 0,88 kg/plot) P1 = Pupuk Anorganik 50 % (urea 150 kg/ha, SP36 50 kg/ha dan KCl 50 kg/ha) atau (urea 1,3 kg/plot, SP36 0,44 kg/plot dan KCl 0,44 kg/plot) + Pupuk Organik 50 % (3 ton/ha) atau (26,25 kg/plot), P2 = Pupuk Organik 100 % (6 ton/ha) atau (52,5 kg/plot) dan faktor kedua : Kepadatan Awal Tanam K0 = Kepadatan 35.500 tan/ha (jarak tanam 70 x 40) K1 = Kepadatan 70.500 tan/ha (jarak tanam 35 x 40) K2 = Kepadatan 105.500 tan/ha (jarak tanam 35 x 20). Pengukuran terhadap 5 tanaman sampel yang diambil secara acak pada setiap petakan percobaan kemudian klobotnya dibuka lalu dikeringkan di bawah sinar matahari. Jagung pipilan kering ditimbang beratnya untuk menghitung produksi jagung pipilan kering. Pengukuran produksi hijauan segar dilakukan dengan menimbang berat hijauan segar (hijauan jagung hasil penjarangan dari tanaman antara dan hijauan jerami jagung setelah jagung dipanen) yang berasal dari 5 tanaman sampel pada setiap petakan percobaan yang diambil secara acak baik tanaman antara maupun tanaman utama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk anorganik 100 % dapat meningkatkan produksi pipilan kering jagung 7,69 ton/ha dan biomas 19,32 ton/ha, kepadatan awal tanam 35.500 tanaman/ha meningkatkan produksi jagung tertinggi pada komponen produksi biomas 18,98 ton/ha dan pipilan kering 7,51 ton/ha jagung tanaman utama sedangkan kepadatan awal tanam dengan jarak tanam 35 x 20 cm dengan produksi tertinggi pada komponen produksi biomas 3,14 ton/ha dan jagung muda 0,73 ton/ha tanaman antara dan tidak terdapat interaksi pemberian pupuk dengan kepadatan awal tanam terhadap peningkatan produksi jagung
PERANAN KELOMPOK TANI DALAM USAHATANI PADI SAWAH DI DESA BUNGO TANJUNG KECAMATAN TEBO ULU KABUPATEN TEBO
Authors: Is Asnawati , Husnah Ul , Afrianto Evo 
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui peranan kelompok tani dalam usahatani padi sawah dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kelas belajar, wahana kerjasama dan unit produksi terhadap peranan kelompok tani dalam usahatani padi sawah di Desa Bungo Tanjung Kecamatan Tebo Ulu Kabupaten Tebo. Metode analisis dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode analisis deskriptif melalui skoring dengan menggunakan Skala Likert dan Regresi Linier Berganda untuk mengetahui pengaruh kelas belajar, wahana kerjasama dan unit produksi terhadap peranan kelompok tani. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan sengaja (purposive) menggunakan teknik Random Sampling yaitu dengan mengambil 25% dari jumlah populasi 268 orang sehingga hasil sampel sebanyak 68 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) peranan kelompok tani dalam usahatani padi sawah dikategorikan tinggi, baik sebagai kelas belajar, wahana kerjasama maupun unit produksi (2) Hasil Uji Koefisien Determinasi (R 12Â²"> ) dari analisis regresi linier berganda bahwa R 12Â²"> sebesar 0,974 atau 97,4% yang artinya persentase sumbangan berpengaruh terhadap kelas belajar, wahana kerjasama dan unit produksi. Hasil Uji F menunjukkan bahwa variabel independent secara bersama-sama berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap variabel dependent. Hasil Uji T menunjukkan bahwa kelas belajar (X1) wahana kerjasama (X2) unit produksi (X3) berpengaruh terhadap peranan kelompok tani, hal ini dibuktikan dengan menggunakan Uji T.
PENGGUNAAN BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI PUPUK ORGANIK HAYATI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Upe Ambo , Asrijal Asrijal 
Published: October 2022

Pupuk organik hayati (POH) dapat memperbaiki struktur tanah sehingga menjadi gembur dan akar tanaman lebih mudah menembus tanah serta menyerap unsur hara yang terdapat di dalam tanah secara baik. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi POH yang mampu meningkatkan produksi tanaman padi. Metode percobaan, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pada perlakuan konsentrasi POH (P) terdi dari 5 taraf yaitu P0 = 0 ml L-1 air; P1 = 1 ml L-1 air; P2 = 2 ml L-1 air; P3 = 3 ml L-1 air; dan P4 = 4 ml L-1 air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi POH 4 ml L-1 air memperlihatkan hasil produksi tertinggi sebesar 170.76 g malai-1.
AKTIVITAS INSEKTISIDA EKSTRAK BIJI SIRSAK (Annona muricata L.) TERHADAP Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith
Authors: Yasin Nur , Maharani Tiara , Hariri Agus M , Wibowo Lestari 
Published: October 2022

Salah satu hama yang menyerang tanaman jagung yaitu ulat grayak (Spodoptera frugiperda) yang merusak tanaman jagung. Salah satu upaya pengendalian S. frugiperda yaitu penggunaan insektisida nabati, seperti biji sirsak (Annona muricata) yang dilarutkan dalam pelarut organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi ekstrak biji sirsak dengan tiga jenis pelarut terhadap mortalitas dan perkembangan S. frugiperda. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Bioteknologi dan Laboratorium Ilmu Hama Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung. Penelitian ini disusun dengan rancangan acak kelompok, yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas: (1) kontrol, (2) aplikasi ekstrak biji sirsak dengan pelarut akuades konsentrasi 2%, (3) aplikasi ekstrak biji sirsak dengan pelarut metanol konsentrasi 2%, dan (4) aplikasi ekstrak biji sirsak dengan pelarut heksan konsentrasi 2%. Dalam penelitian ini terdapat 20 satuan percobaan, pada setiap satuan percobaan digunakan 10 ekor larva S. frugiperda instar II. Data pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan uji F dan uji lanjut menggunakan Beda Nyata Jujur dengan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak biji sirsak dengan tiga jenis pelarut mempengaruhi pekembangan dan mortalitas larva S. frugiperda. Pembentukan pupa dan imago yang normal menjadi menurun. Ekstrak biji sirsak dengan tiga jenis pelarut juga menyebabkan menurunnya stadium larva, pupa, dan imago, serta lama hidup S. frugiperda. Ekstrak biji sirsak pelarut heksan serta metanol mempunyai daya hambat makan (antifeedant) kategori kuat larva S. frugiperda. Ekstrak biji sirsak pelarut heksan menyebabkan mortalitas larva S. frugiperda pada 6 hari setelah aplikasi lebih tinggi (94%) daripada dengan pelarut akuades (56%).
INDEKS ADOPSI INOVASI SISTEM TANAM JAJAR LEGOWO JAGUNG HIBRIDA PADA LAHAN KERING
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman , Suryanto Ribut 
Published: October 2022

Sistem tanam jajar legowo umumnya dilakukan pada tanaman padi, namun di Kabupaten Lombok Timur sistem tanam tersebut sudah dikembangkan pada komoditi jagung. Inovasi sistem jajar legowo jagung hibrida merupakan hasil penelitian dan pengkajian serta telah dikembangkan terutama pada lahan-lahan kering dan terbukti jarak tanam menggunakan jajar legowo pada jagung hibrida mampu meningkatkan hasil biji jagung, tapi belum banyak diterapkan oleh petani yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, baik faktor internal maupun faktor eksternal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui indeks tingkat adopsi inovasi sistem tanam jajar legowo jagung hibrida pada lahan kering. Lokasi Penelitian di Kecamatan Pringgabaya Kabupaten Lombok Timur Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat, dengan menggunakan metode survei. Jumlah responden ditentukan sebanyak 73 orang yang dipilih secara random dari populasi petani jagung di lokasi penelitian yang ditentukan secara purposive dengan rumus Slovin. Data yang diamati terdiri atas data primer dan sekunder. Data primer dianalisa menggunakan analisis faktor untuk mendapatkan indeks komposit adopsi inovasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indeks tingkat adopsi inovasi sistem tanam jajar legowo jagung hibrida pada lahan kering mencapai tingkat adopsi kategori tinggi (indeks di atas rata-rata 100) mencapai 70 persen dan indeks tingkat adopsi kategori rendah (indeks di bawah rata-rata 100) mencapai 30 persen