bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived Injustice as a Determinant of the Severity of Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms Following Occupational Injury
Authors: Pavilanis Antonina , Truchon Manon , Achille Marie , Coté Pierre , Sullivan Michael JL 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The present study assessed the role of perceived injustice in the experience and persistence of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) following work-related musculoskeletal injury.

Methods
The study sample consisted of 187 individuals who were absent from work as a result of a musculoskeletal injury. Participants completed measures of pain severity, perceived injustice, catastrophic thinking, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and disability on three occasions at three-week intervals.

Results
Consistent with previous research, correlational analyses revealed significant cross-sectional relations between pain and PTSS, and between perceived injustice and PTSS. Regression analysis on baseline data revealed that perceived injustice contributed significant variance to the prediction of PTSS, beyond the variance accounted for by pain severity and catastrophic thinking. Sequential analyses provided support for a bi-directional relation between perceived injustice and PTSS. Cross-lagged regression analyses showed that early changes in perceived injustice predicted later changes in PTSS and early changes in PTSS predicted later changes in perceived injustice.

Conclusions
Possible linkages between perceived injustice and PTSS are discussed. The development of effective intervention techniques for targeting perceptions of injustice might be important for promoting recovery of PTSS consequent to musculoskeletal injury.
Authoritarian or Simply Disillusioned? Explaining Democratic Skepticism in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Auerbach Kiran , Petrova Bilyana 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSurvey research has revealed that post-communist citizens are skeptical towards democracy. Despite a substantial body of literature that has researched the origins and determinants of these attitudes, consensus has not yet emerged. A major challenge has been to distinguish between individual support for democracy as an ideal political regime and satisfaction with the way democracy is practiced in one’s country. Using structural equation modeling with latent variables, we improve measurement validity and account for feedback effects to better understand the relationship between these attitudes. Consistent with our performance-based theory, we find that positive assessments of political performance drive normative support for democracy. The impact of satisfaction with democracy on democratic support suggests that we should not rush to view post-communist citizens' mindset as anomalous and inherently anti-democratic. Rather, post-communist skepticism of democracy might be generalized to contexts characterized by flawed implementation and unmet expectations of this form of government.
Validation of ERA5-Land temperature and relative humidity on four Peruvian glaciers using on-glacier observations
Authors: Bonshoms Martí , Ubeda Jose , Liguori Giovanni , Körner Philipp , Navarro Álvaro , Cruz Rolando 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWeather and climate conditions drive the evolution of tropical glaciers which play an important role as water reservoirs for Peruvian inhabitants in the arid coast and semi-arid Andean region. The scarcity of long-term high-quality observations over Peruvian glaciers has motivated the extensive use of reanalysis data to describe the climatic evolution of these glaciers. However, the representativeness and uncertainties of these reanalysis products over these glaciers are still poorly constrained. This study evaluates the ability of the ERA5-Land reanalysis (ERA5L) to reproduce hourly and monthly 2 m air temperature and relative humidity (T2m and Rh2m, respectively) over several Peruvian glaciers. We compared the ERA5L with data from four on-glacier automatic weather stations (AWS), whose hourly time series were completed with nearby stations, for the period January 2017 to December 2019. Results indicates a better performance of the reanalysis for T2m (r >0.80) than for Rh2m (∼0.4< r <∼0.6) in all four glaciers. Concerning the observations, both parameters show a daily cycle influenced by the presence of the glacier. This influence is more prominent during the dry months when the so-called glacier damping and cooling effects are stronger. On a monthly time scale, the ERA5L validation for both parameters are better in wet outer tropical sites (RMSE between ±0.2°C for T2m and between 3%–7% for Rh2m) rather than in dry outer tropical sites (RMSE between ±0.2°C for T2m and between 3%–7% for Rh2m). Among all sites considered in the study, the Rh2m bias is the highest in the Cavalca glacier (correlation of 0.81; RMSE 13%, MAE 11% and bias 8.3%) and the lowest in Artesonraju glacier (correlation of 0.96; RMSE 3%; MAE 2.3% and bias — 0.8%). Based on certain considerations outlined in this paper, it is appropriate to use ERA5L to characterize T2m and Rh2m conditions on Peruvian glaciers, particularly in the wet outer tropics.
Near-seamless joining of Cf/SiC composites using Y3Si2C2 via electric field-assisted sintering technique
Authors: Yu Teng , Xu Jie , Zhou Xiaobing , Tatarko Peter , Li Yang , Huang Zhengren , Huang Qing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA novel Y3Si2C2 material was synthesized at a relatively low temperature (900 °C) using a molten salt method for the first time, and subsequently used as the joining material for carbon fiber reinforced SiC (Cf/SiC) composites. The sound near-seamless joints with no obvious remaining interlayer were obtained at 1600 °C using an electric field-assisted sintering technique (FAST). During joining, a liquid phase was formed by the eutectic reaction among Y3Si2C2, γ(Y—C) phase, and SiC, followed by the precipitation of SiC particles. The presence of the liquid promoted the sintering of newly formed SiC particles, leading to their complete consolidation with the Cf/SiC matrix. On the other hand, the excess of the liquid was pushed away from the joining area under the effect of a uniaxial pressure of 30 MPa, leading to the formation of the near-seamless joints. The highest shear strength (τ) of 17.2±2.9 MPa was obtained after being joined at 1600 °C for 10 min. The failure of the joints occurred in the Cf/SiC matrix, indicating that the interface was stronger than that of the Cf/SiC matrix. The formation of a near-seamless joint minimizes the mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients and also irradiation-induced swelling, suggesting that the proposed joining strategy can be potentially applied to SiC-based ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) for extreme environmental applications.
On the origin of plasticity-induced microstructure change under sliding contacts
Authors: Xu Yilun , Balint Daniel S. , Greiner Christian , Dini Daniele 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDiscrete dislocation plasticity (DDP) calculations are carried out to investigate the response of a single crystal contacted by a rigid sinusoidal asperity under sliding loading conditions to look for causes of microstructure change in the dislocation structure. The mechanistic driver is identified as the development of lattice rotations and stored energy in the subsurface, which can be quantitatively correlated to recent tribological experimental observations. Maps of surface slip initiation and substrate permanent deformation obtained from DDP calculations for varying contact size and normal load suggest ways of optimally tailoring the interface and microstructural material properties for various frictional loads.
Effect of functional groups on tribological properties of lubricants and mechanism investigation
Authors: Yu Hongxiang , Chen Haijie , Zheng Zhiwen , Qiao Dan , Feng Dapeng , Gong Zhenbin , Dong Guojun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNine organic compounds were utilized as model lubricants to investigate the impact of functional groups on tribological performances. Nonanoic Acid with carboxyl showed the best lubrication properties, and fluid film and tribofilm were coexistent in its friction test, bringing a low friction coefficient and wear rate. In addition, the lubricant with low friction coefficient corresponded to high adsorption energy in density functional theory (DFT) calculations. And the lubricant forming adsorption film with large surface energy displayed small wear rate in friction test. Moreover, adsorption energies positively correlated surface energies. Based on the experimental results, the action mechanism of functional groups on tribological properties of lubricants was proposed. Various functional groups make lubricant molecules show different adsorption energies and surface energies. Lubricant molecules with high adsorption energy are more likely to adsorb on substrates and form a vertical monolayer, which can maintain a regular molecular brush structure during friction and bring a low friction coefficient. And lubricant molecules with high surface energy may be more prone having tribochemical reactions during friction and forming protective tribofilm, which leads to a low wear rate.
Maintenance Laser Treatment for Vaginal Looseness and Sexual Dysfunction: A Double-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lauterbach Roy , Aharoni Saar , Farago Naama , Justman Naphtali , Mick Ido , Siegler Yoav , Matanes Emad , Gruenwald Ilan , Grunwald Oren , Lowenstein Lior 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Vaginal looseness and decreased sensation during intercourse is prevalent in up to 30%–55% of premenopausal women. The efficacy and safety of CO2 laser have been demonstrated for these indications; however, the effect is temporary, up to 6–12 months. No studies regarding the efficacy and safety of adjuvant laser treatments have been conducted to date.

Aim
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a single maintenance CO2 laser treatment in women with vaginal looseness and a concurrent decline in sexual sensation during intercourse.

Methods
This prospective double-blinded randomized controlled trial included premenopausal women who experienced significant temporary improvement in symptoms following previous treatment with CO2 laser due to the abovementioned indications. Participants were randomized to either a single CO2 laser treatment or a single sham treatment.

Outcomes
Treatment efficacy evaluated with the female sexual function index (FSFI) and the vaginal health index (VHI).

Results
Overall, 119 women were included in the study. Mean VHI and FSFI scores were significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group at three months post-treatment (17.34±1.39 vs 12.86±2.23, P = .023 and 30.93±1.79 vs 25.78±1.87, P = .044, respectively). In the study group, both VHI and FSFI returned to baseline at six months post-treatment. The median rate of sexual intercourse per month was increased in the study group at three months post-treatment (8 vs 4, P = .011), and returned to baseline at six months post-treatment.

Clinical implications
Maintenance laser treatment provides a temporary non-surgical alternative for women with vaginal looseness and associated sexual dysfunction, though treatment effect seems to be limited to less than 6 months, requiring additional maintenance sessions.

Strengths and limitations
The strengths of the current study include a randomized-sham controlled design. Furthermore, VHI was used as an objective evaluation tool, in addition to the FSFI, and assessment of the rate of sexual intercourse. The homogeneity and the relatively small sample size of the cohort is a limitation, and calls for caution in interpretation of the results, and the use of CO2 laser treatment in different age groups and populations.

Conclusion
A single maintenance laser treatment in women who previously underwent successful treatment with laser is an effective, well-tolerated, and safe procedure for treating symptoms of vaginal looseness and sexual dysfunction, though effects are temporary.
Induced seismicity and seismic risk management – a showcase from the Californië geothermal field (the Netherlands)
Authors: Vörös Robert , Baisch Stefan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Two closely spaced geothermal doublets were operated in the Californië geothermal field near Venlo, the Netherlands. The geothermal wells target the Dinantian Zeeland formation below 2 km depth. For several years, hot fluid was produced from the Tegelen fault, a regional fault in the Roer Valley rift system, until a felt M1.7 earthquake led to the suspension of geothermal activities. The Californië showcase provides a rare opportunity to retrospectively evaluate the assessment and the management of induced seismicity risks for a geothermal project. A seismic hazard assessment was conducted at several stages of the project, and seismicity was continuously monitored with a local station network.
In this paper, we report on the characteristics of the induced seismicity and evaluate the findings of the seismic hazard assessments conducted prior to the earthquakes. Seismic hazard assessments were based on numerical simulations of subsurface stress changes associated with geothermal operations. A geomechanical analysis indicated that the mapped faults in the subsurface are likely to be critically stressed. The largest hazard was inferred to result from thermo-elastic stresses, originating from cold water injection close to the Tegelen fault.
Subsequent earthquakes predominantly occurred near a production well after stopping or reducing production. We attributed this observation to a thermo-elastic stress load caused by cold water injection close to the Tegelen fault, combined with a counter-acting stabilisation of the fault due to pressure depletion during production. This mechanism was consistent with the dominating mechanism considered in the preceeding seismic hazard assessments. Although geothermal operations have not resumed yet, the geomechanical analysis indicates that re-locating one of the injection wells further away from the Tegelen fault could provide an efficient measure for mitigating induced seismicity risks at Californië.
The impact of Neighbourhood Team Development on resident quality of life in long-term care
Authors: Heyer Michelle , Boscart Veronique M. , Ploeg Jenny , Butt Michelle , Kaasalainen Sharon , Costa Andrew 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLong-term care (LTC) residents often experience poor quality of life (QOL). Culture change has been proposed as an approach to improve resident centredness in care, thereby aiming to enhance residents' QOL. This article reports on one of the findings of the implementation of an organisational culture change approach, Neighbourhood Team Development (NTD). A retrospective cohort design was used to explore resident QOL scores. The sample included 232 residents across six Ontario LTC homes. Quantitative data were collected through the Resident Assessment Instrument–Minimum Data Set 2.0 (RAI-MDS 2.0) and the interRAI Self-Report QOL Survey for Long Term Care Facilities (SQOL-LTCF). Results demonstrated that culture change interventions, such as NTD, improve residents' QOL scores (+3.5 points, p = 0.0034). This article also adds to knowledge on the use of the SQOL-LTCF as a standardised assessment tool to measure QOL in LTC, and provides rationale to include resident QOL as a key outcome measure in quality improvement initiatives and care modelling in LTC homes.
Socioeconomic inequality of long-term care for older people with and without dementia in England
Authors: Hu Bo , Read Sanna , Wittenberg Raphael , Brimblecombe Nicola , Rodrigues Ricardo , Banerjee Sube , Dixon Josie , Robinson Louise , Rehill Amritpal , Fernandez Jose-Luis 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEnsuring distributive fairness in the long-term care sector is vitally important in the context of global population ageing and rising care needs. This study, part of the DETERMIND (DETERMinants of quality of life, care and costs, and consequences of INequalities in people with Dementia and their carers) programme, investigates socioeconomic inequality and inequity in the utilisation of long-term care for older people with and without dementia in England. The data come from three waves of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA, Waves 6–8, N = 16,458). We find that older people with dementia have higher levels of care needs and a lower socioeconomic status than those without dementia. The distribution of formal and informal care is strongly pro-poor. When care needs are controlled for, there is no significant inequality of formal or informal care among people with dementia, nor of informal care among people without dementia, but there is a significant pro-rich distribution of formal care among people without dementia. Unmet care needs are significantly concentrated among poorer people, both with and without dementia. We argue that the long-term care system in England plays a constructive role in promoting socioeconomic equality of long-term care for people with dementia, but support for older people with lower financial means and substantial care needs remains insufficient. Increased government support for older people is needed to break the circle between care inequality and health inequality.
Sex differences in the association between sugar-sweetened beverages consumption and metabolic risks among the working-age population in Taiwan
Authors: Kuo Chun-Tung , Chen Duan-Rung , Chan Chang-Chuan , Yeh Yen-Po , Chen Hsiu-Hsi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjective:Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) are linked to increased metabolic risk. However, the sex differences in the relationship between SSB intake and adverse health effects remain unclear. Therefore, the present study examined the association between SSB consumption and metabolic risks among working-age males and females from Taiwanese communities.Design:A community-based study utilised data from a comprehensive health screening project conducted by the Public Health Bureau in Changhua County, Taiwan. Metabolic risks included waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, TAG, LDL cholesterol and fasting glucose level using serum tests.Setting:Participants were recruited in Changhua County, Taiwan.Participants:Between 2005 and 2014, 92 724 citizens participated in the health screening; our data analysis included 75 278 respondents between 30 and 64.Results:The results showed that the frequency of SSB consumption was associated with abnormal waist circumference and elevated total cholesterol, TAG, LDL and glucose in both men and women. Increased SSB consumption frequency was associated with elevated glucose and hypertension in women. Even a slight increase in SSB intake frequency was related to raising the metabolic risks. Similar patterns were evident when models included BMI; however, the associations were attenuated. In the BMI-stratified subgroup analysis, the relationship between SSB consumption and metabolic risks was more pronounced in participants without obesity.Conclusion:The present study suggests that SSB consumption carries metabolic risk among working-age Taiwanese, particularly women and those without obesity. Health promotion programmes should raise awareness of the health hazards associated with SSB.
The Impact of Basal Roughness on Inland Thwaites Glacier Sliding
Authors: Hoffman Andrew O. , Christianson Knut , Holschuh Nicholas , Case Elizabeth , Kingslake Jonathan , Arthern Robert 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSwath radar technology enables three‐dimensional mapping of modern glacier beds over large areas at resolutions that are higher than those typically used in ice‐flow models. These data may enable new understanding of processes at the ice‐bed interface. Here, we use two densely surveyed swath‐mapped topographies (<50 m2 resolution) of Thwaites Glacier to investigate the sensitivity of inferred basal friction proxies to bed roughness magnitude and orientation. Our work suggests that along‐flow roughness influences inferred friction more than transverse‐flow roughness, which agrees with analytic form‐drag sliding theory. Using our model results, we calculate the slip length (the ratio of internal shear to basal slip). We find excellent agreement between the numerically derived slip lengths and slip lengths predicted by analytic form‐drag sliding theory, which suggests that unresolved short wavelength bed roughness may control sliding in the Thwaites interior.
Towards a Unified Setup to Simulate Mid‐Latitude and Tropical Mesoscale Convective Systems at Kilometer‐Scales
Authors: Prein Andreas F. , Ge Ming , Valle Alexandra Ramos , Wang Dié , Giangrande Scott E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMesoscale convective systems (MCSs) are the main source of precipitation in the tropics and parts of the mid‐latitudes and are responsible for high‐impact weather worldwide. Studies showed that deficiencies in simulating mid‐latitude MCSs in state‐of‐the‐art climate models can be alleviated by kilometer‐scale models. However, whether these models can also improve tropical MCSs and whether we can find model settings that perform well in both regions is understudied. We take advantage of high‐quality MCS observations collected over the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) facilities in the US Southern Great Plains (SGP) and the Amazon basin near Manaus (MAO) to evaluate a perturbed physics ensemble of simulated MCSs with 4 km horizontal grid spacing. A new model evaluation method is developed that enables to distinguish biases stemming from spatiotemporal displacements of MCSs from biases in their reflectivity and cloud shield. Amazon MCSs are similarly well simulated across these evaluation metrics than SGP MCSs despite the challenges anticipated from weaker large‐scale forcing in the tropics. Generally, SGP MCSs are more sensitive to the choice of model microphysics, while Amazon cases are more sensitive to the planetary boundary layer (PBL) scheme. Although our tested model physics combinations had strengths and weaknesses, combinations that performed well for SGP simulations result in worse results in the Amazon basin and vice versa. However, we identified model settings that perform well at both locations, which include the Thompson and Morrison microphysics coupled with the Yonsei University (YSU) PBL scheme and the Thompson scheme coupled with the Mellor‐Yamada‐Janjic PBL scheme.