bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayed perforation after cold snare polypectomy for small colonic polyps in a patient receiving oral corticosteroids
Authors: Iwano Hirotoshi , Sato Takayuki , Ishii Yoshifumi , Niki Suguru , Sawaya Reiji , Tamakawa Susumu , Yamada Masataka 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis case report describes a fatal outcome due to delayed perforation after cold snare polypectomy in a patient with bullous pemphigoid receiving oral corticosteroids. Cold snare polypectomy has become the standard treatment for small colorectal polyps because of the procedure's safety and simplicity. In this case, however, corticosteroid therapy and vasculitis may have caused local necrosis and tearing of the intestinal wall. Corticosteroids are widely used, and perforation after cold snare polypectomy is extremely rare. However, some patients on corticosteroid therapy may have special pathologies, such as in this case, and we advise physicians to use appropriate judgment and extreme caution in determining the indication for endoscopic therapy.
Hair analysis for beta‐blockers and calcium‐channel blockers by using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry as a tool for monitoring adherence to antihypertensive therapy
Authors: Taus Francesco , Gottardo Rossella , Ballotari Marco , Utzeri Chiara , Tagliaro Franco 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAdherence to therapy is the key to a successful therapeutic intervention, especially in cardiovascular diseases in which a lack of adherence may have serious consequences in terms morbidity and/or mortality. In this context, hair analysis can be an excellent tool to monitor adherence to therapy. Indeed, drugs present in blood are incorporated into the hair matrix, where drugs and metabolites can stay unaltered for a long time protected from metabolism and degradation. In the present study, a simple, specific, and sensitive ultra‐high performance liquid‐chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐MS/MS) method set up to determine in human hair seven beta‐blockers (viz., metoprolol, sotalol, labetalol, atenolol, nebivolol, bisoprolol, and nadolol) and two calcium‐channel blockers (lercanidipine and amlodipine), which are widely prescribed to treat medium‐to‐severe hypertensive conditions. The optimized method was successfully validated in terms of accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility, matrix effect and extraction recovery. Moreover, the applicability of the method was evaluated by analyzing 34 real samples of hair obtained from patients under long‐term therapy with calcium channel blockers and beta‐blockers.
History of pre‐pregnancy maternal symptoms of binge eating and childhood behavioral problems in girls and boys
Authors: Tapp Caley , Mishra Gita D. , Dobson Annette J. , Moss Katrina M. , Tooth Leigh R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore whether children of mothers with pre‐pregnancy binge eating (BE) symptoms have more behavioral difficulties compared with those without and whether associations are moderated by ED symptoms and other maternal health and social factors measured during childhood.MethodPre‐pregnancy BE symptoms were collected by the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health at Survey 1 (in 1996) and/or at Survey 2 (in 2000) using questions mapped to DSM BE criterion 1. In 2016/7, 2180 women from the 1973–78 cohort provided data on externalizing and internalizing behavior, measured by Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, on 4054 of their children (2–12 years) in the Mothers and their Children's Health study. Covariates were markers of other ED symptoms, sociodemographic, social support, and mental health factors collected proximally to the child outcomes. Hierarchical multivariable regression models, using generalized estimating equations accounting for clustering of children within mothers, were used.ResultsPre‐pregnancy BE symptoms were associated with child behavior, with associations only moderated after adjustment for proximal markers of ED (girls internalizing behavior, b (95%CI) .30 (−.02, .61); boys externalizing behavior .34 (−.04, .73)) or social support (girls externalizing behavior 0.26 (−.08, .61)). Pre‐pregnancy BE symptoms were not associated with boys internalizing behavior (−.27 (−.02, 0.57)).DiscussionStudies with repeated ED measures should test hypotheses that these associations vary by timing of ED measurement. Identification of young women at risk of BE symptoms pre‐pregnancy, as well as when children are older, may enable health services, treatment programs, and supports to minimize longer term effects on children.Public significance statementA history of binge eating symptoms up to 10 years pre‐pregnancy in mothers is associated with behavior problems in their girls and boys at average age of 7. However, the association is moderated by behaviors of eating disorders and social support in the mothers during childhood. Identification of ED symptoms prior to pregnancy, and then after childbirth, might enable health services to intervene to maximize child and mother outcomes.
Ten‐year ecological responses to fuel treatments within semiarid Wyoming big sagebrush ecosystems
Authors: Pyke David A. , Shaff Scott E. , Chambers Jeanne C. , Schupp Eugene W. , Newingham Beth A. , Gray Margaret L. , Ellsworth Lisa M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSagebrush ecosystems of western North America are threatened by invasive annual grasses and wildfires that can remove fire‐intolerant shrubs for decades. Fuel reduction treatments are used ostensibly to aid in fire suppression, conserve wildlife habitat, and restore historical fire regimes, but long‐term ecological impacts of these treatments are not clear. In 2006, we initiated fuel reduction treatments (prescribed fire, mowing, and herbicide applications [tebuthiuron and imazapic]) in six Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis communities. We evaluated long‐term effects of these fuel treatments on: (1) magnitude and longevity of fuel reduction; (2) Greater Sage‐grouse habitat characteristics; and (3) ecological resilience and resistance to invasive annual grasses. Responses were analyzed using repeated‐measures linear mixed models. Response variables included plant biomass, cover, density and height, distances between perennial plants, and exposed soil cover. Prescribed fire produced the greatest reduction in woody fuel over time. Mowing initially reduced woody biomass, which recovered by year 10. Tebuthiuron did not significantly reduce woody biomass compared to controls. All woody fuel treatments reduced sagebrush cover to below 15% (recommended minimum for Greater Sage‐grouse habitat), but only prescribed fire reduced cover to below controls. Median mowed sagebrush height remained above the recommended 30 cm. Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) cover increased to above the recommended maximum of 10% across all treatments and controls. Ecological resilience to woody fuel treatments was lowest with fire and greatest with mowing. Low resilience over the 10 posttreatment years was identified by: (1) poor perennial plant recovery posttreatment with sustained reductions in cover and density of some perennial plant species; (2) sustained reductions in lichen and moss cover; and (3) increases in cheatgrass cover. Although 10 years is insufficient to conclusively describe final ecological responses to fuel treatments, mowing woody fuels has the greatest potential to reduce woody fuel, minimize shrub mortality and soil disturbance, maintain lichens and mosses, and minimize long‐term negative impacts on Greater Sage‐grouse habitat. However, maintaining ecological resilience and resistance to invasion may be threatened by increases in cheatgrass cover, which are occurring regionally.
Too many to count: Using orthophotography to census an unharvested beaver (Castor canadensis) population in Ontario
Authors: McLaren A. A. D. , Newton E. J. , Silver A. , Allan M. R. , Middel K. R. , Pond B. A. , Patterson B. R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractVarious methods exist to monitor wildlife populations and estimate trends in their distribution and abundance. For American beaver (Castor canadensis), aerial surveys provide a means to obtain abundance data over large areas and typically involve observers searching watercourses and shorelines for active beaver presence. Here, we describe a systematic aerial photographic census we designed and executed in autumn to quantify annual beaver colony abundance on the 184‐km2Michipicoten Island, Ontario, from 2015 to 2019. Aerial photographs were stitched together into orthophotomosaics after each census and visually searched for beaver food caches, with each food cache representing an independent beaver colony. Our methods revealed that beaver colony abundance declined substantially from a peak of 6.1 colonies/km2in 2015, the highest reported across North America, to 0.4 colonies/km2in 2018. Beaver abundance remained low through 2019. Although photographing the entire isolated study area required relatively little time and effort, even when beaver density was very high, post‐census processing work was time‐consuming. Lessons learned will improve efficiencies of our future censuses and aid other researchers. Our method is advantageous over traditional aerial wildlife surveys in that it provides a digital and visual record that can be used for additional analyses.
Nitrogen availability determines ecosystem productivity in response to climate warming
Authors: Liu Yang , Men Mingxin , Peng Zhengping , Houx James H. , Peng Yunfeng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOne of the major uncertainties for carbon–climate feedback predictions is an inadequate understanding of the mechanisms governing variations in ecosystem productivity response to warming. Temperature and water availability are regarded as the primary controls over the direction and magnitude of warming effects, but some unexplained results signal that our understanding is incomplete. Using two complementary meta‐analyses, we present evidence that soil nitrogen (N) availability drives the warming effects on ecosystem productivity more strongly than thermal and hydrological factors over a broad geographical scale. First, by synthesizing temperature manipulation experiments, a meta‐regression model analysis showed that the warming effect on productivity is mainly driven by its effect on soil N availability. Sites with a higher warming‐induced increase in N availability were characterized by stronger productivity enhancement and vice versa, suggesting that N is a limiting factor across sites. Second, a synthesis of full‐factorial warming × N addition experiments demonstrated that N addition significantly weakened the positive warming effect, because the additional N induced by warming may not further benefit plant growth when N limitation is relieved, providing experimental evidence that N regulates the warming effect. Furthermore, we demonstrated that warming effects on soil N availability were modulated by changes in dissolved organic N and soil microbes. Overall, our findings enrich a new mechanistic understanding of the varying magnitudes of observed productivity response to warming, and the N scaling of warming effects may help to constrain climate projections.
Thyroid disease‐specific quality of life questionnaires ‐ A systematic review
Authors: Uslar Verena , Becker Caroline , Weyhe Dirk , Tabriz Navid 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionThyroid diseases are very common and rarely life‐threatening. One of the main therapeutic goals is an improvement in quality of life, making it important to measure in clinical and research settings. The aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the currently available thyroid‐specific quality of life questionnaires with regard to their validation quality in order to make recommendations for clinical use with a special focus on German questionnaires.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed in Pubmed, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Library. A total of 904 studies were identified. After excluding duplicates, non‐English‐ or German‐language texts, full texts that were not freely available and studies with irrelevant content, 64 studies reporting on 16 different questionnaires were included in the analysis.ResultsFour questionnaires concerned benign thyroid diseases (ThyPRO, ThyPRO‐39, Thy‐R‐HRQoL and Thy‐D‐QOL), six malignant thyroid diseases (THYCA‐QoL, ThyCa‐HRLQOL, EORTC‐Thy34, MADSI‐Thy, QOL‐Thyroid and ThyCAT), and six endocrine orbitopathy (GO‐QOL, GO‐QLS, TED‐QOL, STED‐QOL, TAO‐QoL and Ox‐TED). Only five questionnaires were at least developed, if not validated, in German, and five were developed in more than two languages.ConclusionsThyPRO and the ThyPRO‐39 are the best‐evaluated questionnaires for benign thyroid diseases. Alternatively, in hypothyroid patients, the adequately validated Thy‐D‐QoL can be used. For malignant thyroid diseases, the choice should be made individually, as all six questionnaires (THYCA‐QoL, ThyCA‐HRQOL, EORTC‐Thy34, MDASI‐Thy, QOL‐Thyroid and ThyCAT) have different strengths and weaknesses. The GO‐QOL is the best‐validated questionnaire in endocrine orbitopathy. However, the TED‐QOL is also suitable as a short‐screening questionnaire for these patients.
IgM‐enriched immunoglobulin as adjuvant therapy for heart transplant after infection of left ventricular assist devices
Authors: Immohr Moritz Benjamin , Böttger Charlotte , Aubin Hug , Westenfeld Ralf , Oehler Daniel , Bruno Raphael Romano , Dalyanoglu Hannan , Tudorache Igor , Akhyari Payam , Lichtenberg Artur , Boeken Udo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPatients undergoing heart transplantation (HTx) with active infection of left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) are at high risk for postoperative infections. Between 2021 and 2022, five (P1–P5) of a total of n = 44 patients underwent HTx in our department while suffering from LVAD infection. Postoperatively, patients received adjuvant IgM‐enriched human intravenous immunoglobulin (IGM‐IVIG), consisting of 76% IgG, 12% IgM, and 12% IgA as a novel approach to prevent infective complications. While in P1, P2, and P4, LVAD driveline infection was known before HTx; in P3 and P5, abscess of device pocket was found incidentally during HTx. After a single dose of IGM‐IVIG, all patients showed adequate rise in serum immunoglobulins. In the postoperative course, no patient developed infective complications. All patients were successfully discharged and in good condition at the last follow‐up. Therefore, IGM‐IVIG seems to be an effective adjuvant treatment for patients undergoing HTx with LVAD infections.
Ceric Ammonium Nitrate Promoted Highly Chemo‐ and Regioselective ortho‐Nitration of Anilines under Mild Conditions
Authors: Iqbal Zafar , Joshi Asha , De Saroj Ranjan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA new and practical strategy for chemo‐ and regioselective ortho‐nitration of aniline carbamates under mild and neutral conditions have been disclosed using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as a cheap nitrating agent. The electrophilic reaction exhibits a simple and straightforward pathway to obtain exclusively ortho‐nitration products in good to excellent yields with outstanding functional groups tolerance for both electron rich and highly electron‐deficient anilines. The highlight of this protocol is the role of ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as a cheap nitrating agent that (Ce+4) via chelation with the directing group controls the regioselectivity of electrophilic nitration without the requirement of additional metal catalyst and external oxidant.
An efficient and continuous filter operation for dust‐laden flue gas based on a self‐cleaning stainless steel weaved filter
Authors: Qu Hengyu , Lai Nien‐Chu , Jiang Binfan , Liu Xiangjun , Xia Dehong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAdvanced filtration technologies of the high‐temperature flue gas are crucial for lower emission of dust particles and higher heat recovery. An efficient and continuous filter for high‐temperature flue gas based on a self‐cleaning stainless steel fabric is proposed in this article. Analysis of the microstructure of stainless steel fabric is conducted and derived the optimal structural parameters of the fabric. Considering uniformity of flow field, the structure of filter bag and arrangement of bags of the filter are optimized. Based on the optimal condition, single‐bag experiments are conducted, which show that the filtration efficiency and pressure drop got stabilized (i.e., 99.8% and 1222 Pa) with enough operation time and only affected by filtration superficial velocity. The dust cake structure could reach dynamic self‐equilibrium in the overall structure, verifying that self‐cleaning can be achieved applying stainless steel fabric. A pilot‐scale high‐temperature flue gas system is set up and the results indicate that the filtration efficiency reaches stable and maintains above 99.9% with 1440 h of uninterrupted service at 793 ~ 809°C, and the outlet dust concentration of flue gas is less than 8.3 mg/m3.
Association of autism diagnosis and polygenic scores with eating disorder severity
Authors: Zhang Ruyue , Birgegård Andreas , Fundín Bengt , Landén Mikael , Thornton Laura M. , Bulik Cynthia M. , Dinkler Lisa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAmong individuals with eating disorders (ED), those with co‐occurring autism are often considered to have more severe presentations and poorer prognosis. However, previous findings have been contradictory and limited by small sample size and/or cross‐sectional assessment of autistic traits. We examine the hypothesis that autism diagnosis and autism polygenic score (PGS) are associated with increased ED severity in a large ED cohort using a broad range of ED severity indicators. Our cohort included 3189 individuals (64 males) born 1977–2000 with current or previous anorexia nervosa who participated in the Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative‐Sweden (ANGI‐SE) and for whom genotypes and linkage to national registers were available. We identified 134 (4.2%) individuals with registered autism diagnoses. Individuals with confirmed autism diagnosis had significantly more severe ED across three sets of severity indicators. Some of the largest effects were found for the proportion of individuals who attempted suicide and who received tube feeding (higher in autism), and for the time spent in inpatient care (longer in autism). Results for autism PGS were not statistically significant. Adapting ED treatment to the needs of individuals with co‐occurring autism is an important research direction to improve treatment outcome in this group.
The Amphibian Short-Term Assay: Evaluation of a New Ecotoxicological Method for Amphibians Using Two Organophosphate Pesticides Commonly Found in Nature—Assessment of Biochemical, Morphological, and Life-History Traits
Authors: Boualit Laurent , Cayuela Hugo , Cattin Loic , Chèvre Nathalie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Amphibia is the most threatened class among vertebrates, with &gt;40% of the species threatened with extinction. Pollution is thought to alter amphibian population dynamics. With the growing interest in behavioral ecotoxicology, the neurotoxic organophosphate pesticides are of special concern. Understanding how exposure to neurotoxics leads to behavioral alterations is of crucial importance, and mechanistic endpoints should be included in ecotoxicological methods. In the present study, we tested an 8-day assay to evaluate the toxicity of two organophosphates, diazinon and chlorpyrifos, on Xenopus laevis, that is, on biochemical, morphological, and life-history traits related to locomotion capacities. The method involves measuring biomarkers such as glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD; two indicators of the detoxifying system) in the 8-day-old larvae as well as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity (involved in the nervous system) in 4-day-old embryos and 8-day-old larvae. Snout-to-vent length and snout-to-tail length of 4-day-old embryos and 8-day larvae were recorded as well as the corresponding growth rate. Fin and tail muscle widths were measured as well for testing changes in tail shape. Both tests showed effects of both organophosphates on AChE activity; however, no changes were observed in GST and EROD. Furthermore, exposure to chlorpyrifos demonstrated impacts on morphological and life-history traits, presaging alteration of locomotor traits. In addition, the results suggest a lower sensitivity to chlorpyrifos of 4-day-old embryos compared to 8-day-old larvae. Tests on other organophosphates are needed to test the validity of this method for the whole organophosphate group. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2688–2699. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
The Influence of Oil-in-Water Preparations on the Toxicity of Crude Oil to Marine Invertebrates and Fish Following Short-Term Pulse and Continuous Exposures
Authors: Hook Sharon E. , Strzelecki Joanna , Adams Merrin S. , Binet Monique T. , McKnight Kitty , Golding Lisa A. , Elsdon Travis S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Following an oil spill, accurate assessments of the ecological risks of exposure to compounds within petroleum are required, as is knowledge regarding how those risks may change with the use of chemical dispersants. Laboratory toxicity tests are frequently used to assess these risks, but differences in the methods for preparation of oil-in-water solutions may confound interpretation, as may differences in exposure time to those solutions. In the present study, we used recently developed modifications of standardized ecotoxicity tests with copepods (Acartia sinjiensis), sea urchins (Heliocidaris tuberculata), and fish embryos (Seriola lalandi) to assess their response to crude oil solutions and assessed whether the oil-in-water preparation method changed the results. We created a water-accommodated fraction, a chemically enhanced water-accommodated fraction, and a high-energy water-accommodated fraction (HEWAF) using standard approaches using two different dispersants, Corexit 9500 and Slickgone NS. We found that toxicity was best related to total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (TPAH) concentrations in solution, regardless of the preparation method used, and that the HEWAF was the most toxic because it dispersed the highest quantity of oil into solution. The TPAH composition in water did not vary appreciably with different preparation methods. For copepods and sea urchins, we also found that at least some of the toxic response could be attributed to the chemical oil dispersant. We did not observe the characteristic cardiac deformities that have been previously reported in fish embryos, most likely due to the use of unweathered oil, and, as a consequence, the high proportion of naphthalenes relative to cardiotoxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the overall composition. The present study highlights the need to characterize both the TPAH composition and concentration in test solutions when assessing oil toxicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2580–2594. © 2022 CSIRO and Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.