bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracking Hurricane-Related Deaths in the Contiguous United States Using Media Reports From 2012 to 2020
Authors: Williams Shanice , Jiva Sumera , Hanchey Arianna , Suárez-Soto René J. , Bayleyegn Tesfaye , Schnall Amy Helene 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Heavy rainfall, storm surges, and tornadoes are hazards associated with hurricanes that can cause property damages and loss of life. Disaster-related mortality surveillance encounters challenges, such as timely reporting of mortality data. This review demonstrates how tracking hurricane-related deaths using online media reports (eg, news media articles, press releases, social media posts) can enhance mortality surveillance during a response. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention used online media reports from 2012 to 2020 to characterize hurricane-related deaths from 10 hurricanes that were declared major disasters and the flooding related to Hurricane Joaquin in the contiguous United States. Media reports showed that drowning (n = 139), blunt force trauma (n = 89), and carbon monoxide poisoning (n = 58) were the primary causes of death. Online media and social media reports are not official records. However, media mortality surveillance is useful for hurricane responses to target messaging and current incident decision-making.
Open-closed Gromov-Witten invariants of 3-dimensional Calabi-Yau smooth toric DM stacks
Authors: Fang Bohan , Liu Chiu-Chu Melissa , Tseng Hsian-Hua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We study open-closed orbifold Gromov-Witten invariants of 3-dimensional Calabi-Yau smooth toric Deligne-Mumford stacks (with possibly nontrivial generic stabilisers K and semi-projective coarse moduli spaces) relative to Lagrangian branes of Aganagic-Vafa type. An Aganagic-Vafa brane in this paper is a possibly ineffective

$C^\infty $

orbifold that admits a presentation

$[(S^1\times \mathbb {R} ^2)/G_\tau ]$

, where

$G_\tau $

is a finite abelian group containing K and

$G_\tau /K \cong \boldsymbol {\mu }_{\mathfrak {m}}$

is cyclic of some order

$\mathfrak {m}\in \mathbb {Z} _{>0}$

.

1.
We present foundational materials of enumerative geometry of stable holomorphic maps from bordered orbifold Riemann surfaces to a 3-dimensional Calabi-Yau smooth toric DM stack

$\mathcal {X}$

with boundaries mapped into an Aganagic-Vafa brane

$\mathcal {L}$

. All genus open-closed Gromov-Witten invariants of

$\mathcal {X}$

relative to

$\mathcal {L}$

are defined by torus localisation and depend on the choice of a framing

$f\in \mathbb {Z} $

of

$\mathcal {L}$

.

2.
We provide another definition of all genus open-closed Gromov-Witten invariants in (1) based on algebraic relative orbifold Gromov-Witten theory, which agrees with the definition in (1) up to a sign depending on the choice of orientation on moduli of maps in (1). This generalises the definition in [57] for smooth toric Calabi-Yau 3-folds and specifies an orientation on moduli of maps in (1) compatible with the canonical orientation on moduli of relative stable maps determined by the complex structure.

3.
When

$\mathcal {X}$

is a toric Calabi-Yau 3-orbifold (i.e., when the generic stabiliser K is trivial), so that

$G_\tau =\boldsymbol {\mu }_{\mathfrak {m}}$

, we define generating functions

$F_{g,h}^{\mathcal {X},(\mathcal {L},f)}$

of open-closed Gromov-Witten invariants of arbitrary genus g and number h of boundary circles; it takes values in

$H^*_{ {\mathrm {CR}} }(\mathcal {B} \boldsymbol {\mu }_{\mathfrak {m}}; \mathbb {C} )^{\otimes h}$

, where

$H^*_{ {\mathrm {CR}} }(\mathcal {B} \boldsymbol {\mu }_{\mathfrak {m}}; \mathbb {C} )\cong \mathbb {C} ^{\mathfrak {m}}$

is the Chen-Ruan orbifold cohomology of the classifying space

$\mathcal {B} \boldsymbol {\mu }_{\mathfrak {m}}$

of

$\boldsymbol {\mu }_{\mathfrak {m}}$

.

4.
We prove an open mirror theorem that relates the generating function

$F_{0,1}^{\mathcal {X},(\mathcal {L},f)}$

of orbifold disk invariants to Abel-Jacobi maps of the mirror curve of

$\mathcal {X}$

. This generalises a conjecture by Aganagic-Vafa [6] and Aganagic-Klemm-Vafa [5] (proved in full generality by the first and the second authors in [33]) on the disk potential of a smooth semi-projective toric Calabi-Yau 3-fold.
Consumption of a light meal affects serum concentrations of one-carbon metabolites and B-vitamins. A clinical intervention study
Authors: Helland Anita , Bratlie Marianne , Hagen Ingrid V. , Midttun Øivind , Ulvik Arve , Mellgren Gunnar , Ueland Per M. , Gudbrandsen Oddrun A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe transfer of one-carbon units between molecules in metabolic pathways is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis, but little is known about whether the circulating concentrations of metabolites involved in the one-carbon metabolism are affected by the prandial status. Epidemiological studies do not always consistently use fasting or non-fasting blood samples or may lack information on the prandial status of the study participants. Therefore, the main aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a light breakfast on serum concentrations of selected metabolites and B-vitamins related to the one-carbon metabolism; i.e. the methionine-homocysteine cycle, the folate cycle, the choline oxidation pathway and the transsulfuration pathway. Sixty-three healthy adults (thirty-six women) with BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2 were included in the study. Blood was collected in the fasting state and 60 and 120 min after intake of a standardised breakfast consisting of white bread, margarine, white cheese, strawberry jam and orange juice (2218 kJ). The meal contained low amounts of choline, betaine, serine and vitamins B2, B3, B6, B9 and B12. Serum concentrations of total homocysteine, total cysteine, flavin mononucleotide, nicotinamide and pyridoxal 5’-phosphate were significantly decreased, and concentrations of choline, betaine, dimethylglycine, sarcosine, cystathionine and folate were significantly increased following breakfast intake (P < 0·05). Our findings demonstrate that the intake of a light breakfast with low nutrient content affected serum concentrations of several metabolites and B-vitamins related to the one-carbon metabolism.
Potential demographic impact of the insecticide mixture between thiacloprid and deltamethrin on the cotton aphid and two of its natural enemies
Authors: Majidpour Marziyeh , Maroofpour Nariman , Ghane-Jahromi Mojtaba 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe use of pesticides impairs biological control in the agroecosystems and thus compromises the effectiveness of natural enemies against populations of pest species. The concerns over pesticides should expand beyond mortality and encompass their sublethal effects and their consequences to the target insect species and natural enemies to aid in our understanding of the potential and consequential use of these compounds. The present study aimed to determine the effects of an insecticide mixture on life-history and demographic parameters of the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and two of its main parasitoids – Aphidius flaviventris Kurdjumov (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) and Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Based on the obtained results, thiacloprid + deltamethrin in its lethal concentration dose 20% of the pest population (LC20) significantly affected the cotton aphid for two generations, increasing developmental time and demographic parameters. The LC20 manifested changes in many demographic parameters of the parasitoid A. flaviventris. This concentration also increased preadult and female longevity, total pre-ovipositional period, and mean generation time (T) of A. colemani, but no other demographic parameters were affected. Nonetheless, the insecticide mixture did not affect the parasitism rate of A. colemani. Thus, the thiacloprid + deltamethrin mixture significantly impaired the cotton aphid population and its parasitoid A. flaviventris. Therefore, the use of thiacloprid + deltamethrin is not encouraged for controlling the parasitoid A. flaviventris, but it is a relatively safe compound for A. colemani.
Molecular phylogeny of Cosmetocleithrum Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986 (Monogenoidea: Dactylogyridae), gill parasites of Neotropical catfishes (Siluriformes)
Authors: Mendoza-Palmero C.A. , Acosta A.A. , Scholz T. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cosmetocleithrum Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986 (Dactylogyridae) represents one of the most species-rich groups (22 species currently recognized as valid) of all dactylogyrid parasites infecting Neotropical catfishes. Species of Cosmetocleithrum exhibit a remarkable affinity towards catfishes of the Doradidae and the Auchenipteridae. However, phylogenetic relationships between members of this genus have not been yet analysed. This study analysed newly obtained partial sequences of the 28S ribosomal RNA gene of seven species of Cosmetocleithrum, including its type species C. gussevi Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986, along with several other dactylogyrids infecting siluriform, gymnotiform, perciform and characiform fishes. Cosmetocleithrum appeared as an evolutionary recent group, composed of two well-defined lineages: lineage 1 includes parasites of doradids – namely, C. bulbocirrus, C. confusum, C. parvum and C. bifurcum – whereas lineage 2 is composed of species from doradids – that is, C. rarum, C. gussevi, C. gigas, C. trachydorasi and C. falsunilatum – together with parasites of auchenipterids – namely, C. laciniatum and C. baculum. The search for synapomorphies to characterize taxonomic groups within Cosmetocleithrum appears challenging, since the morphology of their haptoral elements is quite conservative, and that of the copulatory complex is highly variable between species. The results of the present study support the recent synonymization of Paracosmetocleithrum Acosta, Scholz, Blasco-Costa, Alves & Silva, 2018 with Cosmetocleithrum. Whereas the 28S ribosomal DNA data resolved Cosmetocleithrum as monophyletic, the statistical support for the lineage was low, rendering its phylogenetic position between other Neotropical dactylogyrids yet undefined.
Improving the prospective prediction of a near-term suicide attempt in veterans at risk for suicide, using a go/no-go task
Authors: Myers Catherine E. , Dave Chintan V. , Callahan Michael , Chesin Megan S. , Keilp John G. , Beck Kevin D. , Brenner Lisa A. , Goodman Marianne S. , Hazlett Erin A. , Niculescu Alexander B. , St. Hill Lauren , Kline Anna , Stanley Barbara H. , Interian Alejandro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundNeurocognitive testing may advance the goal of predicting near-term suicide risk. The current study examined whether performance on a Go/No-go (GNG) task, and computational modeling to extract latent cognitive variables, could enhance prediction of suicide attempts within next 90 days, among individuals at high-risk for suicide.Method136 Veterans at high-risk for suicide previously completed a computer-based GNG task requiring rapid responding (Go) to target stimuli, while withholding responses (No-go) to infrequent foil stimuli; behavioral variables included false alarms to foils (failure to inhibit) and missed responses to targets. We conducted a secondary analysis of these data, with outcomes defined as actual suicide attempt (ASA), other suicide-related event (OtherSE) such as interrupted/aborted attempt or preparatory behavior, or neither (noSE), within 90-days after GNG testing, to examine whether GNG variables could improve ASA prediction over standard clinical variables. A computational model (linear ballistic accumulator, LBA) was also applied, to elucidate cognitive mechanisms underlying group differences.ResultsOn GNG, increased miss rate selectively predicted ASA, while increased false alarm rate predicted OtherSE (without ASA) within the 90-day follow-up window. In LBA modeling, ASA (but not OtherSE) was associated with decreases in decisional efficiency to targets, suggesting differences in the evidence accumulation process were specifically associated with upcoming ASA.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that GNG may improve prediction of near-term suicide risk, with distinct behavioral patterns in those who will attempt suicide within the next 90 days. Computational modeling suggests qualitative differences in cognition in individuals at near-term risk of suicide attempt.
Varieties of Avicennian arguments for the existence of God
Authors: Morvarid Mahmoud 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn hisThe SalvationandThe Remarks and Admonitions,Avicenna presents a well-known argument for the existence of God as a necessary being by itself. I will suggest, first of all, that the two pivotal notions employed in the argument, namely those of a necessary being by itself and a contingent being by itself, can be construed in different ways, leading to different versions of Avicenna's argument. I then turn to a specific version of the argument which seeks to show that there is at least one independently existing entity. This version constitutes the core of other versions of Avicenna's argument. Next, I shall explore how one might move from the existence of an independently existing entity to that of a necessary being by itself (variously construed). Finally, I will argue that the Avicennian argument for an independently existing entity suffers from a severe problem in that it fails to take account of the possibility of many-to-one causal relation.
Le CICR en Afrique: contexte et défis
Authors: Harnisch Christoph 
Published: July 2022

Résumé
Africa is home to many armed conflicts, waged in an environment in which
it is already difficult for people to live and for countries to develop. The
ICRC has long been and still is widely active there. This article first
outlines the general context in which many of the African conflicts take
place, giving a brief account of Africa's position in world politics and the
prevailing socio-economic conditions. It then goes on to describe the nature
of the – mainly internal – armed conflicts that plague the continent.
Although most of them seem to have abated, the relative calm remains very
fragile. After indicating some of the main characteristics of armed conflict
in Africa, the author also points out the effect of a revival of interest in
Africa in connection with the global “war on terror”, Finally, the work of
the ICRC in Africa is analysed: how is the ICRC perceived on the continent,
what does it actually do? And above all, what are the obstacles to efficient
humanitarian assistance and protection, and what challenges lie
ahead?
Le temps pour comprendre la violence de guerre: l'exemple de
l'Afrique
Authors: Palmieri Daniel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article examines the violence of war from a temporal point of view,
looking at various contemporary conflicts from a long-term perspective
involving three kinds of time: “historical” time, “traditional” time and
“mythical” time. It thus provides some elements that help explain the length
of these conflicts, but also their deeper nature. In particular, it casts
douht on the appropriateness of the term “ethnic war”, which has been used
to characterize some of them. The hypothetical model presented here focuses
on Africa, but it could also he applied to conflict zones in other parts of
the world.
Do wars ever end? The work of the International Committee of the Red
Cross when the guns fall silent
Authors: Harroff-Tavel Marion 
Published: July 2022

Lorsque dans le cadre d'un conflit arme les armes se taisent, suite à un
accord de paix ou un cessez-le-feu, débute une délicate période de
transition. La situation se détériore, Hen souvent, gravement pour les plus
vulnérables, alors que d'autres, qui ne veulent plus être qualifiés de
«victimes», luttent pour retrouver leur autonomie et défendre leurs droits.
Les besoins des individus sont multiples: besoin de sécurité face aux
menaces posées par les ex-combattants, la criminalité et les mines, besoin
de protection contre les abus de pouvoir de l'autorité ou la vindicte d'une
population hostile, besoins matériels en eau, nourriture, habitat et santé,
besoin de vérité et de justice, de reconnaissance enfin.
Faire en sorte que des réponses soient apportées à ces besoins, si
possible par ceux qui les éprouvent ou en collaboration avec eux, est le
défi auquel le CICR est confronté. La politique dont l'institution vient de
se doter pour la conduite de son activité humanitaire en période de
transition est le fruit d'une r'flexion approfondie men'e à Genéve, mais
aussi dans les Balkans, au Caucase, en Amérique centrale et en Afrique.
Quelles sont les obligations des anciens belligèrants en vertu du droit
humanitaire? Comment assurer un fondu-enchaîné entre urgence et
développement? Où se situent les limites de la politique d'assistance d'une
organisation humanitaire? Quelles sont les potentialités du partenariat avec
l'État, la société civile et d'autres acteurs de la communauté
internationale, dans le respect de l'identite de chacun? Telles sont
quelques-unes des questions qui ont été au cœur de cette réflexion.
Humanitarian considerations in the work of the United Nations Compensation Commission
Authors: Wooldridge Fred , Elias Olufemi 
Published: July 2022

RésuméLa Commission d'indemnisation des Nations Unies a été créée par le Conseil de sécurité pour examiner les demandes déindemnisation et verser des indemnités aux victimes de l'invasion et de l'occupation illicites du Koweït par l'Irak (1990-1991), Cet article examine I'importance que les considérations d'ordre humanitaire revêtent dans le cadre des travaux de la Commission, notamment dans la procédure d'examen des demandes d'indemnisation et dans les mécanismes pour la répartition des indemnités accordées aux requérants dont la réclamation a abouti. L'article examine également les sources des contributions versées au Fonds d'indemnisation des Nations Unies (à partir duquel les indemnités sont versées) dans le contexte de la situation humanitaire qui prévaut en Irak, et il établit une distinction entre le mandat de la Commission et les autres institutions et processus mis en place par le Conseil de sécurité après l'invasion du Koweït en 1990. Finalement, l'article explore brièvement comment les considérations d'ordre humanitaire peuvent jouer un rôle dans des futures procédures de réparation des dommages de guerre.
Amnesty for war crimes: Defining the limits of international recognition
Authors: Naqvi Yasmin 
Published: July 2022

RésuméL'action pénale contre les personnes accusées d'avoir commis des crimes de guerre est un aspect fondamental du droit d'une victime à la justice. Toutefois, dans les conflits armés où des violations graves du droit international ont été perpétrées massivement, il est souvent nécessaire d'établir un équilibre entre le droit des victimes à obtenir justice de manière tangible et le besoin, pour l'Ètat territorial, de traiter les atrocités passées de façon à ne pas engendrer de nouvelles violences et à stimuler le processus de réconciliation. Dans de telles circonstances, une justice réparatrice associant des amnisties limitées à d'autres mécanismes de responsabilité peut constituer un moyen d'assurer l'État de droit tout en tenant compte de la complexité du processus de transition. Quand des États vivant une situation de transition prodament de telles amnisties, il est important d'établir si celles-ci seront reconnues par la communauté internationale.Cet article analyse les règies et les principes internationaux qui fondent ou étayent la décision que prend un tribunal national ou international de reconnaître ou non une amnistie couvrant les crimes de guerre. l'auteur s'attache d'abord à déterminer s'il existe un devoir coutumier de traduire en justice les personnes accusées de crimes de guerre, quels qu'ils soient. Les effets du caractère de jus cogens de l'interdiction de commettre des crimes de guerres sont égakment examinés, tout comme la pratique plus récente des États d'établir des tribunaux spéciaux pour juger les personnes accusees de crimes de guerre. L'article fait valoir que le droit international n'interdit pas aux tribunaux nationaux et internationaux d'accorder une amnistie limitée à ceux qui sont considérés comme «les moins responsabks » de la commission des crimes de guerre, lorsque l'amnistie est associée à des mesures de contrôle et vise à faciliter l'instauration d'une paix durable.
TESOL teacher educators in higher education: A review of studies from 2010 to 2020
Authors: Yuan Rui , Lee Icy , De Costa Peter I. , Yang Min , Liu Shuwen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDespite the wide recognition of language teacher educators’ contributions in the field of Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL), research on language teacher educators has only picked up the pace in the last decade, shedding light on their cognition, practices, and identities in relation to various personal, interpersonal, and contextual factors. This article provides a systematic and critical review of 69 empirical studies on university-based TESOL teacher educators from 2010 and 2020. A methodological review was also conducted to analyze the different research approaches employed by previous researchers. A synthesis of the identified research led to four major themes, namely: (1) a general professional state (including responsibilities, challenges and quality), (2) professional engagement (including teaching, practicum supervision, and research and publishing), (3) cognition (including beliefs, knowledge, and expertise), as well as (4) continuous learning and identity development. Through a critical discussion of the themes, the review argues against the implicit yet powerful discourse that characterizes language teacher educators as ‘supermen/superwomen’ and emphasizes the need to humanize them aswhole peopleby recognizing their unique strengths and struggles as well as diverse learning needs. The review also proposes a new research agenda to stimulate and deepen future investigations on language teacher educators in TESOL.
Remote use of shiphandling simulator: BRM skill acquisition
Authors: Hiroaki Seta , Shingo Yoshino , Kyoko Takashima , Teppei Unno 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCadets training to become licensed mariners based on the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) Code have been under pressure to keep up with the countermeasures against COVID-19 from the Spring of 2020. For several reasons, sea training voyages were restricted or cancelled, and the schooling style was drastically changed from face-to-face to remote. Since the research vessel owned by Tokai University is not a training vessel exclusively for cadets, the decision was inevitably made to make more effective use of the shiphandling simulator. Because training in the simulator also had to be done remotely, new ideas were put into practice to explore the possibility of building new educational methods. Numerous open-ended evaluation comments were submitted by the cadets who received remote training on the simulator. The results suggested that the remote use of the simulator is likely to be an effective method for training in bridge resource management (BRM).