bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liver microbiota in healthy rats: the hidden inhabitants of hepatocytes
Authors: Sun Xiao Wei , Zhang Hua , Xin Peng Fei , Gao Xue , Li Hong Rui , Zhou Cai Yun , Gao Wen Min , Kou Xuan Xuan , Zhang Jian Gang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Abstract The tumor and tissue microbiomes of human beings have recently been investigated. Gut permeability was known as a possible resource for the positive detection of tissue bacteria. Herein, we report that bacteria were detected in high abundance in the hepatocyte nucleus of healthy rats, and that they were shared with gut microbiota to an extent. We assessed male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats for the 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene. After rats were sacrificed by blood drainage from the portal vein, we extracted total deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from their ileal and colonic contents and liver tissues. The V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced using an Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. Sequences were assigned taxonomically by the SILVA database. We also detected bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) in situ using immunofluorescence (IF) and western blotting and the 16S rRNA gene using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). In the livers of six rats, we detected 54,867.50 ± 6450.03 effective tags of the 16S rRNA gene and clustered them into 1003 kinds of operational taxonomic units (OTUs; 805.67 ± 70.14, 729–893). Individuals showed conservation of bacterial richness, abundance, and evenness. LPS and the 16S rRNA gene were detected in the nuclei of hepatocytes. The main function composition of genomes of the annotated bacteria was correlated with metabolism (79.92 ± 0.24%). Gram negativity was about 1.6 times higher than gram positivity, and the aerobic and anaerobic phenotypes were nearly the same. Liver microbiota also showed high expression of mobile elements, biofilm formation, and stress tolerance, as well as potentially pathogenic phenotypes. Chemoheterotrophy, fermentation, and aerobic chemoheterotrophy were the main heterotrophic functions. Liver bacteria were shared with both the small and large intestines but showed significantly higher richness, evenness, and the β-diversity results showed that the liver microbiota exhibited significantly higher similarity than the small and large intestines (P < 0.05). The liver microbiota were hidden intracellular inhabitants in healthy rat livers and were shared with the gut microbiota.
The generalizations of fuzzy monoids and vague monoids
Authors: Li Wei , Wang Haohao , Liu Yuanhao , Yang Bin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we present the fuzzy monoids and vague monoids by using aggregation operators. The unit interval with a t-norm or a t-conorm is a special monoid, so we mainly talk about fuzzy subsets of monoids. Firstly, the classification of fuzzy sets based on some special aggregation operators is discussed. At the same time, we give two basic propositions about submonoids of t-norm and t-conorm. The fuzzification by uninorm and nullnorm are denoted and some properties can be drawn. Next, we briefly present fuzzy subsets on lattice. Finally, the vague monoids on aggregation operators are redefined and further consider the special cases of uninorms and nullnorms.
Carotid plaque in STEMI: evidence of a missed opportunity to reclassify risk
Authors: Costa Diego , Croissant Yanina , González Carlos L , Perea Candelaria , Córsico Luciana , Acosta Florencia , Muzzio Maximiliano , Coronel Roberto 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aims: The presence of carotid plaque has been associated with an increased risk for adverse cardiovascular events. It is an early manifestation of subclinical atherosclerosis and can be assessed with a low-cost and widely available study such as carotid ultrasound. It has a class IIa recommendation in current guidelines to reclassify intermediate-risk patients, but there is a paucity of information about the prevalence of carotid disease in patients with acute coronary syndromes.Methods: Observational study in patients admitted for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in a tertiary care center, performing a carotid ultrasound before hospital discharge. Basal characteristics were obtained from electronic medical records. Differential characteristics according to the presence of carotid plaque were analyzed, and the atherosclerotic burden was assessed by the number of diseased vessels. Results: We included 191 patients with STEMI, and 57 (29.8%) had carotid plaque by ultrasound. The only significant difference between patients with or without carotid plaque was their age (54.36 ± 9.93 years versus 61.12 ± 11.48 years, p < 0.001). Patients with subclinical atherosclerotic disease were older, but other risk markers were similar, as was the use of aspirin and statins. The prevalence of carotid disease increased with the number of diseased vessels, indicating a relationship with atherosclerotic burden.Conclusion: The prevalence of carotid plaque detectable by ultrasound is approximately 30% in patients with STEMI. With a traditional risk evaluation, their baseline cardiovascular risk would have been assessed as mild or moderate, and few were treated with aspirin or statins. With a timely carotid ultrasound, they could have been reclassified as high-risk and treated accordingly. Only age was associated with the presence of carotid plaque, highlighting the importance of carotid ultrasound screening in patients greater than 55 years old.
Demography alone explains the polymorphic profiles on highly diverged loci between cultivated and wild rice
Authors: Xiang-Yu Jinggong , Gu Zhili , Li Haipeng , Lu Bao-Rong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The confounding effects of demography have hampered the efforts on mapping the causal genes of artificial selection during the domestication of animals and plants. It is challenging to distinguish selection from demography, especially for those derived populations subject to the effect of bottleneck. In this study, to examine whether highly diverged loci were subject to artificial selection during domestication, we developed a new statistical test and genotyped 45 InDel (insertion/deletion) loci in two subspecies of Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica and Oryza sativa ssp. indica) and their wild progenitor (O. rufipogon / O. nivara). Among them, 17 loci are highly diverged (FST > 0.4) between rice cultivars and their ancestor. We performed coalescent-based simulations on neutral demographic scenarios and found that neutral demography alone could explain the polymorphic profiles on those highly diverged loci between cultivated and wild rice. Therefore, more signatures of selection should be considered when detecting artificial selection in rice.
To study the impact of screen time on IT Job professionals in India
Authors: N Rajesh Kumar , Jain Shreya , Bhargava Lakshita 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study aims to understand about the effects of screen time on the eyes, musculoskeletal problems, and efficiency at work in IT professionals. Problems faced by the people, along with the measures taken by them to solve those problems. A questionnaire was designed and distributed among IT professionals. Respondents discussed the various problems faced by them in terms of their eyes, musculoskeletal problems, and efficiency at work. Furthermore, respondents were asked if they and their organisations were taking any measures to deal with the problems due to the excessive effects of screen time. Insights were also drawn on how they can improve the current working system to deal with the effects of screen time. These insights were represented in the form of a word chart. In conclusion, a major percentage of the population is facing screen-related problems, but many people are not taking any measures to deal with them. Organizations and employees alike are advised to take these problems seriously and start putting their solutions into action as soon as possible.
Correlation of Serum IL-1β, IL-6, and hsCRP levels with Infarct Core and Ischemic Penumbra Volume in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Jianbo Zhou , Lin Li , Xiyang Ji , Xiaojie Zhang , Changfei Dai , Sa Wang , Mijuan Zhang , Dong Wei , Lele Zhang , Guoxun Zhang , Xixi Yang , Ming Guo , Bin Wang , Fan Li , Cheng Ma , Na Zhang , Qun Zhang , Ping Chen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
During cerebral ischemia, inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β released from the ischemic core may trigger neuronal death in the ischemic penumbra, influencing infarct volume. This study aimed to understand the relationship between serum IL-1β, IL-6, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels with infarct core and ischemic penumbra volume in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and its influence on prognosis.
Methods
The serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and hs-CRP were measured in 65 patients within 24h of AIS onset. The infarcts of the patients were imaged with magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography. Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) and core volume on computed tomography perfusion or perfusion-weighted imaging were used to calculate infarct volume and ischemic penumbra volume. The Tan collateral score was calculated with Neusoft Brain Clinical Assistant Ration Evaluate (NeuBrainCARE).
Results
We found a significant correlation between infarct core volume and serum hs-CRP levels (P < 0.05) and between penumbra volume and IL-6 levels (P < 0.05). Serum IL-6 and hs-CRP levels were positively correlated with NIHSS scores at admission, discharge, and 3 months after discharge. IL-1β levels, Tan collateral score, and ASPECTS showed no correlation with the infarct core volume.
Conclusion
A significant correlation between hs-CRP and IL-6 levels and infarct and ischemic penumbra volume, respectively, and with NIHSS score shows that these two factors might prove helpful in predicting the extent of neurological damage in AIS patients after 3 months of onset, opening new avenues for treatment.
The Role of Fintech Firms' Sustainability at the time of the COVID-19 Period
Authors: Toumi Amina , najaf Khakan , Dhiaf Mohamed M. , Li Ng Shir , Kanagasabapathy Shenba 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study aims to understand the moderating role of envirnmental disclosures on the market performance of Fintech firms during the pandemic period. We gather 48 Fintech and 140 non-Fintech data from the sample period from 2011 until 2022. We use ordinary least squares and correlation as methodology. Our findings are two-fold: first, our study reveals that Fintech firms have depicted more environmental performance than non-Fintech firms during the pandemic period. Second, our studies show that sustainability performance is vital for market performance and contributes almost 10% to market performance of fintech firms during COVID-19 period. These findings are essential for the shareholders, policymakers and government. This study contributes to a better understanding of the sensitivity of shareholders towards sustainability disclosures.
Clinical value of dual energy CT combined with CEA and CY21-1 in predicting EGFR gene mutation in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Song Qinxia , Wang Xiangfa , Zhu Juan , Wang Jian , Shi Hengfeng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the value of dual-energy CT combined with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)and soluble cytokeratin 19 fragment(CY21-1) in predicting epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) mutations of patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma.Methods General informations,quantitative parameters of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT),CEA,CY21-1 and EGFR datas were collected of 90 patients between October 2019 and April 2022,the quantitative parameters include iodine concentration(IC),normalized iodine concentration(NIC) and slope of the curve(k) in venous phase. According to whether there was EGFR gene mutation or not,it was divided into mutation group and wild group.To compare the difference of clinical data and DECT parameters,logistic regression model was established to in the two groups Evaluation of model prediction efficiency by receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve.Results Among all cases,55 cases were EGFR gene mutations mostly in female and non-smokers.IC,NIC,k in venous phase（VP） and CEA in mutation group were higher than another group,but CY21-1 is opposite.The area under ROC curve of IC(VP),k(VP),CEA and CY21-1 were 0.703,0.642,0.725,0.609,respectively.DECT parameters combinded to establish regression model 1,and then combinded CEA and CY21-1 to establish model 2, the area under curve(AUC) is 0.807, Model 2 was higher to model 1 and other single factors.There was no significant difference in age and NIC(VP)(P>0.05).Conclusion EGFR gene mutations tend to occur in women and non-smokers, IC,k in venous phase and CEA and CY21-1 can effectively predict EGFR gene mutation to some extent.
Effect of endodontic treatment on clinical outcome in type 2 diabetic patients with apical periodontitis
Authors: Wang Shengming , Wang Xiaoqing , Bai Feng , Shi Xinlian , Zhou Tingting , Li Fangfang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this trial was to clinically assess the effects of endodontic treatment on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and apical periodontitis (AP). Methodology: For present trial, AP+T2DM with patients insulin injection (n=65), AP +T2DM patients with hypoglycaemic agents (n=82), and AP patients without DM (n=86) were enrolled. After demographic characteristics and clinical examination were achieved, root canal treatment (RCT) was performed for each patients. Subjects were followed up at 2-week, 3- and 6-month. At each visit, blood samples were taken, clinical laboratory studies were performed. At 6-month follow-up, Periapical Index (PAI) score was used to assessed the periapical status.Results: A total of 237 subjects who meet the including criteria were allocated in 3 groups and 223 subjects (94.1%) completed cthe treatment and the follow-up assessments. After treatment, taking PAI into consideration, both groups showed significant improvement of AP in each group (P<0.05). Patients had a continued significant lower concentration of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels at follow-up except for G1 and G2 (P<0.05). A continued reduction of hemoglobin glycation (HbA1c) was observed in most of time points (P<0.05). Throughout the trial, there are also significant changes of laboratory tests of inflammatory factors in short-term.Conclusion: Endodontic therapy improved AP healing, glycemic control and systemic inflammation in patients with T2DM and/or AP in each group. However, a continued reduction in inflammatory factors and decreasing of HbA1c in short-term did not be observed in this trial.
A case study of machine loading in flexible manufacturing systems: a modified binary bat algorithm for minimizing the system unbalance
Authors: Casella Giorgia , Murino Teresa , Bottani Eleonora 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The machine loading (ML) problem of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) has been recognized as one of the most important planning problems in industry. This study aims to minimize the system unbalance developing a modified binary bat algorithm (MBBA), satisfying the technological constraints such as the availability of machine time and tool slots. The proposed algorithm was implemented in Matlab ® , and to show its application, a case study was conducted on a major Italian company, which manufactures equipment and plants for the food industry. Two scenarios are evaluated to this end: an “AS IS” scenario, reflecting the current configuration of the production system, and a “TO BE” one, in which the MMBA is implemented for improving the system’s performance. For the TO BE scenario, a new sequence of jobs, able to minimise the variance of the total processing time, was determined. The application of the MMBA reveals significant improvements in processing time compared to the current approach used by the company. The results of the TO BE scenario can be used to provide effective indications to operations managers, helping them to identify an alternative strategy to enhance the efficiency of the targeted production system.
Median effective dose (ED 50 ) of esketamine combined with propofol for children to inhibit response of gastroscope insertion
Authors: Su Ming , Zhu Yichao , Liu Shupeng , Song Lijuan , Qu Jiangtao , Zhang Yong , Zhang Quanyi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background:Esketamine and propofol are commonly used in pediatric painless gastroscopy. Independent use of either of these drugs can lead to increased dosage and additional side effects. No studyies hasve explored the median effective dose (ED50) of esketamine combined with propofol in pediatric gastroscopy. We designed a trial to calculate the ED50 of esketamine combined with propofol using the Dixon and Massey up-and-down sequential method for suppression of the upper gastroscope insertion response.Methods:Eligible children were included in this study. Propofol and esketamine were used as anesthetics for gastroscopy in children. To explore the effective dose of esketamine, the initial propofol dose was set at 3 mg/kg in all children. The first child was given an esketamine dose of 0.1 mg/kg, followed by 30 s ofslow bolus injection propofol. If anesthesia induction failed (coughing or body movement of children during gastroscope insertion), the esketamine dose was elevated in the next child, with a interval difference of 0.05 mg/kg. Otherwise, if the anesthesia induction was successful, the next dosage was reduced by 0.05 mg/kg. The study was stopped if nine crossover inflection points were reached. The ED50 of esketamine was calculated using probit regression, and the blood pressure, heart rate (HR), SPO2, recovery time, and adverse reactions were recorded in all children.Results:The ED50 of esketamine combined with 3 mg/kgpropofol was 0.143 mg/kg (95% CI 0.047-0.398 mg/kg). The total consumption of propofol was 16.04 ± 5.37 mg. The recovery time was 16.38 ± 8.70 min. Adverse effects recorded were delayed awakening in two cases and increased oral secretions of another child during the examination inducing cough and hypoxemia (86% was the lowest).Discussion:The ED50 of esketamine was 0.143 mg/kg when combined with 3 mg/kg propofol for successful sedation in pediatric gastroscope insertion. This sub-anaesthetic dose of esketamine was safe and efficacious with few complications in pediatric painless gastroscopy. Trial registration: The study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn; registration number: ChiCTR2100052830 on 06/11/2021).
Infant Feeding Practices and Parental Perceptions during the 2022 United States Infant Formula Shortage Crisis
Authors: Cernioglo Karina , Smilowitz Jennifer T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
In May of 2022, parents living in the United States experienced a dramatic infant formula shortage caused by supply chain issues and the recent recall of several infant formula products over contamination concerns.
Methods
An anonymous, electronic, cross-sectional survey was designed to understand infant feeding practices, parental experience and perceived support during the crisis.
Results
Ninety-nine parents that lived in the U.S. and fulfilled study criteria completed the survey. Sixty-six percent of respondents were female, and 75% of respondents were recipients of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women Infant Children (WIC). Parental mean age was 30.0 years and the mean infant age was 26.8 weeks. In response to the infant formula shortage crisis, parents changed their infant feeding practices, of which several were unsafe. Seventy-nine percent of parents fed their infants U.S. infant formula brands and 39% of parents fed their infants imported infant formula brands before the shortage which were significantly reduced during the shortage to 27% (p < 0.005) and 11% (p < 0.005), respectively. The percentage of parents that reported infant feeding practices before and during the infant formula shortage significantly increased from 2–28% for donor milk use (p < 0.005); 5–26% for use of breast milk from community sharing (p < 0.005); and 2–29% for use of watered-down infant formula (p < 0.005). The resources that parents reported as most helpful in navigating the crisis differed by parental sex and WIC recipient status and included other parents, friends, and family; lactation consultants; healthcare providers; and WIC.
Conclusions
Our study found that feeding practices in response to the infant formula shortage may pose health risks to infants. These data suggest the need for policy changes within regulatory and the healthcare system to provide families with clinical prenatal and postnatal lactation support, access to donor milk, and access to more commercially-available products.
The change of microenvironment induced by different thermal ablation in prostate and their clinical significances
Authors: Liu Ruiqing , Cao Huicun , Cao Guangshao , Duan Shaobo , Li Zesheng , Xing Yasi , Li Yaqiong , Zhang Lianzhong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To compare the microenvironment change of three type thermal ablation: transperineal laser ablation (TPLA), radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) application canine prostate and their clinical significances. Methods: Nine beagles were randomly assigned to TPLA, RFA and MWA group. The ablation was operated in prostate. The level of cytokine (TNF-α, IL-12, TGF-β1 and IL-10) in serum was detected at four time point (before ablation, immediately, one week and one month after ablation). The positive cells of macrophages in the border of ablation lesions were detected. Results: One week after ablation, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) in the TPLA group was the highest, followed by the RFA group, and the MWA group was the lowest (159.11 ± 53.26 pg/ml, 129.57 ± 23.42 pg/ml, 53.65 ± 21.34 pg/ml, P＜0.03). However, one month later, the level of TNF-α had a continuous increase in TPLA group while which showed a significant decrease trend in other groups. The levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine (TGF-β1) in the TPLA group was significantly lower than other two groups (48.92 ± 48.67 pg/ml, 218.85 ± 27.56 pg/ml, 167.67 ± 45.67 pg/ml, P＜0.05). M1-like macrophages were dominant in TPLA group, and M2-like macrophages were dominant in RFA and MWA groups. Conclusion: Microenvironment changes in the TPLA group were mainly pro-inflammatory, while anti-inflammatory responses were observed in the RFA and MWA groups.