bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation, physicochemical characterization, and bioactivity evaluation of berberine-entrapped albumin nanoparticles
Authors: Younis Fatema A. , Saleh Samar R. , El-Rahman Sahar S. Abd , Newairy Al-Sayeda A. , El-Demellawy Maha A. , Ghareeb Doaa A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBerberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid with several clinical therapeutic applications. Its low water solubility, absorption, and cellular bioavailability diminish BBR's therapeutic efficacy. In this study, BBR was encapsulated into bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (BSA NPs) core to reduce BBR limitations and enhance its clinical therapeutic properties. Several physicochemical characterization tools, such as Dynamic Light Scattering and Ultraviolet–Visible spectroscopic measurements, field emission transmission electron microscopy surface morphology, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability analysis, and releasing studies, were used to evaluate the BBR-BSA NPs. Compared to BBR, BBR-BSA nanoparticles demonstrated superior free radical scavenging and antioxidant capacities, anti-hemolytic and anticoagulant efficacies, and antimicrobial activities, as demonstrated by the findings of the in vitro studies. Furthermore, a stressed pancreatic rat model was induced using a high-fat, high-sucrose diet plus carbon tetrachloride injection. The in vivo results revealed that BBR-BSA NPs substantially restored peripheral glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Oral administration of BBR-BSA NPs also improved pancreatic β-cells homeostasis, upregulated pancreatic antioxidant mechanisms, inhibited oxidants generation, and attenuated oxidative injury in the stressed pancreatic tissues. In conclusion, our in vitro and in vivo results confirmed that BBR-BSA NPs demonstrated more potent antioxidant properties and restored pancreatic homeostasis compared to BBR.
An external validation study of the Score for Emergency Risk Prediction (SERP), an interpretable machine learning-based triage score for the emergency department
Authors: Yu Jae Yong , Xie Feng , Nan Liu , Yoon Sunyoung , Ong Marcus Eng Hock , Ng Yih Yng , Cha Won Chul 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEmergency departments (EDs) are experiencing complex demands. An ED triage tool, the Score for Emergency Risk Prediction (SERP), was previously developed using an interpretable machine learning framework. It achieved a good performance in the Singapore population. We aimed to externally validate the SERP in a Korean cohort for all ED patients and compare its performance with Korean triage acuity scale (KTAS). This retrospective cohort study included all adult ED patients of Samsung Medical Center from 2016 to 2020. The outcomes were 30-day and in-hospital mortality after the patients’ ED visit. We used the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) to assess the performance of the SERP and other conventional scores, including KTAS. The study population included 285,523 ED visits, of which 53,541 were after the COVID-19 outbreak (2020). The whole cohort, in-hospital, and 30 days mortality rates were 1.60%, and 3.80%. The SERP achieved an AUROC of 0.821 and 0.803, outperforming KTAS of 0.679 and 0.729 for in-hospital and 30-day mortality, respectively. SERP was superior to other scores for in-hospital and 30-day mortality prediction in an external validation cohort. SERP is a generic, intuitive, and effective triage tool to stratify general patients who present to the emergency department.
High RAS-related protein Rab-7a (RAB7A) expression is a poor prognostic factor in pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Qi , Bai Yang , Shi Xiaoyi , Guo Danfeng , Wang Yong , Wang Yun , Guo Wen-zhi , Zhang Shuijun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a frequent type of cancer in adults worldwide, and the search for better biomarkers is one of the current challenges. Although RAB7A is associated with tumour progression in multiple tumour types, there are only a few reports in PAAD. Therefore, in this paper, RNA sequencing data were obtained from TCGA(The Cancer Genome Atlas) and GTEx to analyse RAB7A expression and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PAAD. The functional enrichment of RAB7A-associated DEGs was analysed by protein‒protein interaction (PPI) networks, immune cell infiltration analysis and GO/KEGG analyses. Additionally, Kaplan‒Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to determine the clinical significance of RAB7A in PAAD. High RAB7A expression was associated with poor prognosis in 182 PAAD specimens, including subgroups of patients aged ≤ 65 years, with male sex, not receiving radiotherapy, and with a history of previous alcohol consumption (P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that elevated RAB7A was an independent prognostic factor, and the prognostic nomogram model included radiotherapy status, presence of postoperative tumour residual and histologic grade. Overall, RAB7A overexpression may serve as a biomarker for poor outcome in pancreatic cancer. The DEGs and pathways revealed in this work provide a tentative molecular mechanism for the pathogenesis and progression of PAAD.
Experimental solubility and modeling of Crizotinib (anti-cancer medication) in supercritical carbon dioxide
Authors: Sodeifian Gholamhossein , Garlapati Chandrasekhar , Roshanghias Armin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMeasurement of saturation solubility of drugs in a supercritical fluid is an important parameter for the implementation of supercritical technology in pharmaceutical industry. CO2 is the most sorted substance as a supercritical fluid since it has attractive properties like easily achievable critical temperature, moderate pressure. Cancer is increasingly affecting the mankind, a proper dosage while treating would help in minimizing the drug usage. The bioavailability of the drug is mainly influenced by the drug particle size. An appropriate technology is always useful in making suitable drug particles; thus, supercritical fluid technology (SFT) is considered as promising technique for the production of micro and nanoparticles. Since, particle production process through SFT needs solubility information, appropriate solubility information is necessary. In the present work, Crizotinib (anti-cancer drug) solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) is measured and reported, for the first time. The obtained solubilities are at temperatures 308, 318, 328,338 K and pressures 12, 15, 18, 21, 24 to 27 MPa. The measured solubilities are ranged in terms of mole fraction from (0.483 × 10−5 to 0.791 × 10−5) at 308 K, (0.315 × 10−5 to 0.958 × 10−5) at 318 K, (0.26 × 10−5 to 1.057 × 10−5) at 328 K, (0.156 × 10−5 to 1.219 × 10−5) at 338 K. The cross over region is observed at 14.5 MPa. To expand the application of the solubility data, few important solubility models and three cubic equations of sate (cubic EoS) models along with Kwak and Mansoori mixing rules are investigated. Sublimation and salvation enthalpies of Crizotinib dissolution in scCO2 are calculated.
Powders with zero Ohmic resistance
Authors: Kharlamov Vladimir F. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe substantiate the mechanism of electrical conductivity of powder consisting of dielectric nanoparticles with ionized donor centers on the surface and free electrons in the bulk. It is shown that in a powder switched to a closed dc circuit, the electric field strength vanishes due to the polarization of the powder by the source of the electromotive force. The Ohmic loss becomes impossible. The electrons of the polarized powder are in the states that correspond to the minimum of the powder energy and zero Ohmic resistance. The fulfillment of these conditions does not depend on the temperature (T = 300–500 K) and the strength of the circuit current. The electric current in the powder is maintained on account of the difference in the electrochemical potentials of electrodes that are in contact with the polarized powder.
Optimal annual body mass index change for preventing spontaneous preterm birth in a subsequent pregnancy
Authors: Tano Sho , Kotani Tomomi , Ushida Takafumi , Yoshihara Masato , Imai Kenji , Nakano-Kobayashi Tomoko , Moriyama Yoshinori , Iitani Yukako , Kinoshita Fumie , Yoshida Shigeru , Yamashita Mamoru , Kishigami Yasuyuki , Oguchi Hidenori , Kajiyama Hiroaki 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPreterm birth (PTB) is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Although PTB is known to recur, interpregnancy preventive strategies for PTB have not been established to date. Annual BMI change can serve as a specific target value for preventing obstetric complications during interpregnancy care/counseling. This value can also account for age-related weight gain (0.2 kg/m2/year). In a multicenter retrospective study, we investigated the optimal annual BMI change for preventing PTB recurrence using the data of individuals who had two singleton births from 2009 to 2019. The association between annual BMI change and spontaneous PTB (sPTB) was analyzed by separating cases of medically indicated PTB (mPTB) from those of sPTB. Previous history of sPTB was strongly associated with sPTB in the subsequent pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 12.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.5–24.8). Increase in annual BMI was negatively associated with sPTB (aOR, 0.6; 95% CI 0.5–0.9). The sPTB recurrence rate was significantly lower in patients with an annual BMI change of ≥ 0.25 kg/m2/year than in those with an annual BMI change of < 0.25 kg/m2/year (7.7% vs. 35.0%, p = 0.011). Our findings suggest that age-related annual BMI gain between pregnancies may help prevent sPTB recurrence.
Sizes of atmospheric particulate matters determine the outcomes of their interactions with rainfall processes
Authors: Maboa Relotilwe , Yessoufou Kowiyou , Tesfamichael Solomon , Shiferaw Yegnanew A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEnvironmental sustainability remains at risk, given the coupled trends of economic development with air pollution. The risk is even greater in the water-stressed world, given the potential suppression effects of air pollutants on rain formation. Here, since these suppression effects remain debated, we tested the hypothesis that air pollutants suppress rainfall in the water-stressed South Africa. This was done by fitting generalized linear models to a 21-year historical dataset of rainfall and air pollutants. We found that some gaseous pollutants and PM10show a significant negative correlation with rainfall, perhaps due to the temperature inversion they cause, which might prevent the upward rise of humid air and convective clouds to grow high enough to produce rain. Surprisingly, as opposed to PM10, we found a rather positive significant effect of PM2.5. Altogether, our study supports the hypothesis of rain prevention by pollutants but provides some nuances that are dependent on the size of air particle matters. To achieve environmental sustainability while growing the economy, we can only rely on emission purification technologies to strike this trade-off.
Research on the adsorption of environmentally friendly insulating gas C4F7N decomposed components on the surface of γ‐Al2O3
Authors: Xiao Song , Chen Junyi , Wu Peng , Yao Qiang , Li Long , Pang Xuanpei , Zhang Shiling , Zhang Xiaoxing , Li Yi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractC4F7N is considered to be the most potential alternative gas for SF6. However, harmful decomposition by‐products generated by the discharge or overheating faults will pose threat to safe operation and service life of gas insulated equipment (GIE). Herein, we investigated the adsorption performance of γ‐Al2O3 on C4F7N and its decomposition products to evaluate the possibility of using it as by‐products adsorbent or exhaust treatment material. It is found that γ‐Al2O3 demonstrates superior adsorption capacity for CF4, C2F6, C3F8, C3F6, C2F4, and keeps stable after the interaction. The first‐principles calculation infers that γ‐Al2O3 has stronger interaction with C4F7N, C3F6 and C3F8 than that of C2F4, C2F6 and CF4. There exists obvious charge transfer between C4F7N and γ‐Al2O3, which belongs to chemisorption. The interaction between F 2p orbital and C=C π orbital determines the gas‐solid adsorption performance. The desorption properties were also explored and the recovery time was in order of CF4 < C2F6 < C2F4< C3F8 < C4F7N < C3F6. Overall, the γ‐Al2O3 is inappropriate to be used as the adsorbent for decomposition by‐products of C4F7N gas mixture‐based GIE, while it can be used as exhaust treatment material for C4F7N wasted gas.
Effects of nanofiller and voltage stabilizer on partial discharge resistance of polypropylene/elastomer blends: A comparison study
Authors: Gao Yu , Li Jing , Xu Xuri , Peng Jinjing , Han Tao , Du Boxue 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper reports on the individual and synergistic influence mechanisms of nano‐silica (SiO2) and voltage stabilizers on partial discharge (PD) resistance of polypropylene blended with ethylene‐octene copolymer elastomer. The SiO2 nanoparticles and three types of voltage stabilizers, that is, benzoin, 4,4′‐dimethoxybenzil, and 3‐aminobenzoic acid are selected as fillers to prepare samples. PD is initiated in a rod‐to‐plane electrode system with an alternating current voltage of 5 kVrms. PD characteristics are captured with multi‐sensors, and the erosion profile of the test sample is measured using a three‐dimensional (3D) optical profilometer. Carrier trap distribution is extracted with isothermal surface potential decay measurement to assist the analysis of PD eroding material. Fourier transform infrared spectrum, scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction spectrum, and differential scanning calorimetry analysis are performed to reveal the change in material structures caused by the fillers. Test results indicate that the PD resistance of the blend can be improved by the addition of nano‐SiO2 and voltage stabilizers individually and synergistically. The PD resistance of PO is increased by 71.2% at most in the sample with 3 wt% nano‐SiO2 addition. The sample filled with SiO2 exhibits better PD resistance than that with the voltage stabilizer or co‐added, which should be ascribed to the introduction of deep traps, the formation of the packaged layer, the suppression of oxygen diffusion of the nanofillers, and the good compatibility between additives and the polymer matrix.
MSFRNet: Two‐stream deep forgery detector via multi‐scale feature extraction
Authors: Yu Miaomiao , Zhang Jun , Li Shuohao , Lei Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFace forgery represented by DeepFake technique has raised severe societal concerns. Due to the different scales of tampering traces and the different resolutions of face images, adopting common processing pipelines and standard form of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) will lead to problems such as omission, redundancy, and bias when extracting key discriminative features. To solve the above issues, unlike most existing methods that treat face forensics as a vanilla binary classification task, the authors instead reformulate it as a multi‐scale object detection problem and propose a novel framework called MSFRNet based on multi‐scale feature extraction. Concretely, to alleviate the issues of features omission and redundancy, the authors construct a two‐stream prediction network, where the shallow branch discovers small‐scale objects such as tiny noise by capturing low‐level features with higher resolution and more details, while the deep stream exploits larger receptive fields to detect large‐scale blocky artefacts. Moreover, a multi‐scale feature extraction module is designed to enrich feature representations in each stream. To solve the problem of features bias and ensure that unbiased feature representations are learned, more appropriate data augmentation approaches are proposed by introducing counterfactual causal reasoning. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our framework outperforms most ordinary binary classifiers and achieves positive performance.
Aircraft tracking in aerial videos based on fused RetinaNet and low‐score detection classification
Authors: Ahmed M. , Maher Ali , Bai X. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAircraft tracking in aerial videos is a challenge due to the small size and appearance affinity with other targets. Recently, the tracking‐by‐detection trackers, such as simple online and realtime tracking (SORT), attracted the attention of many researchers due to the great evolution in deep learning‐based object detectors. SORT depends on motion cues in solving the data association problem by matching high‐score detection bounding boxes to tracklets. However, motion cues are insufficient to track occluded or similar aircraft efficiently. In addition, most occluded aircrafts have a low‐confidence percentage. The main objective of this paper is to propose an F‐SORT tracker, an enhanced SORT tracker with the following improvements. Firstly, fused RetinaNet for small aerial targets is used as a detection framework to boost the detectability of SORT. Then, aircraft appearance features are extracted from the shallowest prediction layer and utilized as additional cues to improve the data association algorithm. Finally, the extracted features distinguish aircraft online from backgrounds via a K‐nearest neighbour classifier. Experiments on an airport dataset show that F‐SORT can significantly improve aircraft tracking. F‐SORT outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art trackers, achieving 72.75%, 59.63%, and 82.89% on MOTA, HOTA, and IDF1. In addition, F‐SORT classifying algorithm boosts other trackers when applied.
Compact single‐ and dual‐band band‐pass filters employing mixed eighth‐mode substrate‐integrated waveguide and microstrip line resonators
Authors: Wang Xiang , Li Yao , Li Huangyan , Zong Zhi‐Yuan , Wu Wen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, single‐ and dual‐band band‐pass filters (BPFs) employing mixed eighth‐mode substrate‐integrated waveguide (EMSIW) and microstrip line (MSL) resonators are proposed and investigated. The mixed resonators feature compact circuit size, moderate quality factor and flexible design topology. By exploiting the mixed resonators to implement the BPF designs, a single‐band BPF is developed, exhibiting four‐order broadband band‐pass filtering responses in a single‐layered substrate. Several transmission zeros are introduced near the working passband to enhance the frequency selectivity. Moreover, the proposed BPF has the capability to suppress the harmonics superior to 20 dB rejection level up to 2.36 f0. Meanwhile, two dual‐band BPFs are designed in double‐layered substrates with magnetic and electric coupling schemes. Both dual‐band BPFs exhibit compact circuit size and low insertion loss. To the best of the authors' knowledge, it is the first time to develop single‐ and dual‐band BPFs based on mixed EMSIW and MSL resonators in this study. For demonstration, a series of single‐ and dual‐band BPFs with mixed SIW/MSL resonators are developed and fabricated. The simulated, measured and synthesised results have reached satisfactory agreements.
Evaluating Digital Health Capability at Scale Using the Digital Health Indicator
Authors: Woods Leanna , Eden Rebekah , Pearce Andrew , Wong Yu Ching Ides , Jayan Lakshmi , Green Damian , McNeil Keith , Sullivan Clair 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background Health service providers must understand their digital health capability if they are to drive digital transformation in a strategic and informed manner. Little is known about the assessment and benchmarking of digital maturity or capability at scale across an entire jurisdiction. The public health care system across the state of Queensland, Australia has an ambitious 10-year digital transformation strategy.
Objective The aim of this research was to evaluate the digital health capability in Queensland to inform digital health strategy and investment.
Methods The Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society Digital Health Indicator (DHI) was used via a cross-sectional survey design to assess four core dimensions of digital health transformation: governance and workforce; interoperability; person-enabled health; and predictive analytics across an entire jurisdiction simultaneously. The DHI questionnaire was completed by each health care system (n = 16) within Queensland in February to July 2021. DHI is scored 0 to 400 and dimension score is 0 to 100.
Results The results reveal a variation in DHI scores reflecting the diverse stages of health care digitization across the state. The average DHI score across sites was 143 (range 78–193; SD35.3) which is similar to other systems in the Oceania region and global public systems but below the global private average. Governance and workforce was on average the highest scoring dimension (x̅= 54), followed by interoperability (x̅ = 46), person-enabled health (x̅ = 36), and predictive analytics (x̅ = 30).
Conclusion The findings were incorporated into the new digital health strategy for the jurisdiction. As one of the largest single simultaneous assessments of digital health capability globally, the findings and lessons learnt offer insights for policy makers and organizational managers.
Direct Carotid-Cavernous Fistula Caused by Internal Carotid Artery Perforation by a Microcatheter Body during Mechanical Thrombectomy
Authors: Miyamoto Satoshi , Kato Noriyuki , Yamazaki Tomosato , Yamano Akinari , Akutsu Yoshimitsu , Yasuda Susumu , Matsumaru Yuji , Ishikawa Eiichi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRapid advances in emergent mechanical thrombectomy have resulted in a higher occurrence of arterial perforations during neurointerventions. Here, we report a case of internal carotid artery (ICA) perforation during mechanical thrombectomy in a 78-year-old man with a left middle cerebral artery occlusion. The ICA was perforated by a microcatheter during thrombectomy, forming a direct carotid-cavernous fistula. A two-stage drainer occlusion was conducted because of cortical venous reflex aggravation and ocular symptoms. Here, we report the perforation details and treatment, adding to evidence that ICA perforation with the microcatheter body is a concern during mechanical thrombectomy.
Epigenetic citizenship and political claims-making: the ethics of molecularizing structural racism
Authors: Cerdeña Jessica P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEpigenetics has generated excitement over its potential to inform health disparities research by capturing the molecular signatures of social experiences. This paper highlights the concerns implied by these expectations of epigenetics research and discusses the possible ramifications of ‘molecularizing’ the forms of social suffering currently examined in epigenetics studies. Researchers working with oppressed populations—particularly racially marginalized groups—should further anticipate how their results might be interpreted to avoid fueling prejudiced claims of biological essentialism. Introducing the concept of ‘epigenetic citizenship,’ this paper considers the ways environmentally responsive methylation cues may be used in direct-to-consumer testing, healthcare, and biopolitical interactions. The conclusion addresses the future of social epigenetics research and the utility of an epigenetic citizenship framework.