bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the BioMérieux VIDAS® HIV Duo Quick and Anti-HCV Assays for Dried Blood Spot Based Serosurveillance
Authors: Cholette François , Farmer Braedy , Balakireva Olga , Pavlova Daria , Lopatenko Anna , Chukhalova Iryna , Bargan Svitlana , Mishra Sharmistha , Becker Marissa , Lee Emma R. , Kim John , Sandstrom Paul 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Serosurveillance is central to monitoring our progress towards HIV and HCV elimination targets proposed for 2030. However, serosurveillance systems are ineffective without reliable serological assays for the detection of HIV and HCV antibodies. Assays should also be compatible with dried blood spot (DBS) samples to facilitate biological sample collection. The VIDAS® HIV Duo Quick and Anti-HCV assays are sold as reagents strips and processed by the automated VIDAS® benchtop immunoanalyser. While both assays have shown excellent performance in serum and plasma, performance data in DBS samples is lacking. In our study, we evaluate the performance of the VIDAS® HIV Duo Quick and Anti-HCV assays in DBS (n = 725) collected during a cross-sectional serosurvey (the Transitions study). The VIDAS® HIV Duo quick had a sensitivity and specificity of 94.5% (95% CI: 85.1%, 98.5%) and 95.7% (95% CI: 93.9%, 97.0%) respectively. Likewise, the VIDAS® Anti-HCV had a sensitivity and specificity of 95.6% (95% CI: 91.6%, 97.8%) and 95.6% (95% CI: 93.5%, 97.0%) respectively. These assays are unlikely to be helpful in low-prevalence settings due to sub-optimal performance, but their performance could likely be improved by optimizing DBS elution protocols which was, unfortunately, not possible during our study.
Assessing the potential determinates of national vitamin A supplementation in Ethiopia.
Authors: Lucha Tadele Abate , Ketsela Admassu , Engida Teklu Assefa 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Vitamin A is a nutrient that is required in a small amount for normal visual system function, growth and development, epithelia’s cellular integrity, immune function, and reproduction. Vitamin A has a significant and clinically important effect since it has been associated with a reduction in all-cause and diarrhea mortality. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with national vitamin A supplementation among children aged 6-35 months by using data from the 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey.Method: The study used a population-based cross-sectional study design to assess factors associated with vitamin A supply among children aged 6 to 35 months in the six months before the survey's start. Descriptive statistics were used to identify the proportion of children who had taken vitamin A supplements, after which multivariable logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine the predictors of vitamin A supplementation. Result: The overall coverage of vitamin A supplementation among children aged 6-35 months for the survey included was 46 %. In the multivariable analysis, children who resided in urban areas [AOR = 1.34 (95 % CI: 1.00, 1.81)] were more likely to receive vitamin A supplementation than children living in rural areas. Postnatal care recipients were 1.5 times more likely than non-recipients to obtain vitamin A capsules for their children [AOR = 1.54 (95 % CI: 1.20, 1.97)]. Mothers [AOR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.029, 1.57] who delivered at health facilities were 26% more likely to receive vitamin A capsules for their children than those who delivered at home. Other factors that were associated with higher a likelihood of vitamin A supplementation were: number of antenatal visits, age of child, and household wealth index.Conclusion: The coverage of vitamin A supplementation set by the Ethiopia ministry of health remains low and it is strongly associated with antenatal visit, postnatal checkups and place of delivery. Expanding institutional delivery and maternal health services like ANC and PNC should be prioritized.
Morphometric description of the koala humerus using microcomputed tomography
Authors: Hawkins Jason , Basa Rachel M , Norton Matthew J , Johnson Kenneth A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The current prognosis for successful return to function in koalas with appendicular fractures is poor despite being the most common fracture type to result in successful rehabilitation. The forelimb, particularly the humerus, plays a critical role in stabilisation and support while climbing trees. Successful rehabilitation therefore requires adequate internal stabilisation to promote bone healing and faster return to function. Current knowledge of koala limb bone morphometry is lacking and would provide useful clinical insight for future orthopaedic research, particularly with regards to recommendations regarding implant size and type. In this study microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) was used to describe bone length, internal and external diameters, and cortical thickness at five transverse levels along the humerus of skeletally mature koala cadavers. Qualitative descriptions were also made regarding bone features deemed clinically relevant to potential fracture repair techniques. Results: Mean humeral length was 114.3 mm (95% CI 107.29 – 121.31 mm). Mediolateral diameters were greater than craniocaudal diameters at each measurement level, and the diaphysis has a distally tapering medullary cavity. Diaphyseal cortices were relatively homogenous with slight distal thickening, and medial cortices were thickest along the entire bone. The bone protuberances of the deltoid and supinator ridges projected most of the way down the lateral surface of the bone while the medial surface remained relatively uniform. Distal to the deltoid ridge the humerus curved caudally, terminating at a craniocaudally flattened distal epiphysis. Conclusion: Morphometric descriptions provided in this study will serve as a useful reference for future research, guiding orthopaedic surgery and improving prognosis of koala humeral fractures.
Distinct CD8 T Cell Populations with Differential Exhaustion Profiles Associate with Secondary Complications in Common Variable Immunodeficiency
Authors: Klocperk Adam , Friedman David , Schlaak Emilia Alexandra , Unger Susanne , Parackova Zuzana , Goldacker Sigune , Sediva Anna , Bengsch Bertram , Warnatz Klaus 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequent symptomatic primary immunodeficiency, with heterogeneous clinical presentation. Our goal here was to analyze CD8 T cell homeostasis in patients with infection only CVID, compared to those with dysregulatory and autoimmune phenomena.
Methods
Flow and mass cytometry evaluation of peripheral blood of 40 patients with CVID and 17 healthy donors.
Results
CD8 T cells are skewed in patients with CVID, with loss of naïve and increase of effector memory stages, expansion of cell clusters with high functional exhaustion scores, and a highly activated population of cells with immunoregulatory features, producing IL-10. These findings correlate to clinically widely used B-cell-based EURO classification. CD127, TIGIT and PD1 expression in CD8 T cells are strongly associated with interstitial lung disease and autoimmune cytopenias, whereas HLA-DR and CD38 predict non-infectious diarrhea.
Conclusion
We demonstrate features of advanced differentiation, exhaustion, activation and immunoregulatory capabilities within CD8 T cells of CVID patients. CD8 T cells assessment may allow further stratification of CVID patients and provide new insights into CVID pathogenesis, including a better understanding of mechanisms underlying T cell exhaustion.
Towards Defining Morphologic Parameters of Normal Parous and Nulliparous Breast Tissues by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Ogony Joshua , de Bel Thomas , Radisky Derek C. , Kachergus Jennifer , Thompson E. Aubrey , Degnim Amy C. , Ruddy Kathryn J. , Hilton Tracy , Stallings-Mann Melody , Vachon Celine , Hoskin Tanya L. , Heckman Michael G. , Vierkant Robert A. , White Launia J. , Moore Raymond M. , Carter Jodi , Jensen Matthew , Pacheco-Spann Laura , Henry Jill E. , Storniolo Anna Maria , Winham Stacey J. , Laak Jeroen van der , Sherman Mark E. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background:Breast terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs), the source of most breast cancer (BC) precursors, are shaped by age-related involution, a gradual process, and postpartum involution (PPI), a dramatic inflammatory process that restores baseline microanatomy after weaning. Dysregulated PPI is implicated in the pathogenesis of postpartum BCs. We propose that assessment of TDLUs in the postpartum period may have value in risk estimation, but characteristics of these tissues in relation to epidemiological factors are incompletely described.Methods: Using validated Artificial Intelligence and morphometric methods, we analyzed digitized images of tissue sections of normal breast tissues stained with hematoxylin and eosin from donors <45 years from the Komen Tissue Bank (180 parous and 545 nulliparous). Metrics assessed by AI, included: TDLU count; adipose tissue fraction; mean acini count/TDLU; mean dilated acini; mean average acini area; mean “capillary” area; mean epithelial area; mean ratio of epithelial area versus intralobular stroma; mean mononuclear cell count (surrogate of immune cells); mean fat area proximate to TDLUs and TDLU area. We compared epidemiologic characteristics collected via questionnaire by parity status and race, using a Wilcoxon rank sum test or Fisher’s exact test. Histologic features were compared between nulliparous and parous women (overall and by time between last birth and donation [ recent birth: ≤5 years versus remote birth: >5 years]) using multivariable regression models.Results:Normal breast tissues of parous women contained significantly higher TDLU counts and acini counts, more frequent dilated acini, higher mononuclear cell counts in TDLUs and smaller acini area per TDLU than nulliparas (all multivariable analyses p<0.001). Differences in TDLU counts and average acini size persisted for >5 years postpartum whereas increases in immune cells were most marked <5 years of a birth. Relationships were suggestively modified by several other factors, including demographic and reproductive characteristics, ethanol consumption and breastfeeding duration. Conclusions:Our study identified sustained expansion of TDLU numbers and reduced average acini area among parous versus nulliparous women and notable increases in immune responses within five years following childbirth. Further, we show that quantitative characteristics of normal breast samples vary with demographic features and BC risk factors.
Chloroplast Genome of Lithocarpus Dealbatus: Identification of Hotspots for Sequence Variability and Phylogeny Analysis in Quercoideae, a Sub-family of Fagaceae
Authors: Shelke Rahul , Banerjje Rudra , Joshi Babita , Singh Prem Prakash , Tiwari Gopal Ji , Adhikari Dibyendu , Jena Satya Narayan , Barik Saroj Kanta 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThere has been phylogenetic ambiguity and species delimitation problem in Lithocarpus genus and the sub-family Quercoideae (Family: Fagaceae). Lithocarpus dealbatus is the dominant genus among the Quercoideae in India. Although several studies have been conducted on regeneration, ecological and economic significance of the species, limited information is available at genome scale. We sequenced and assembled the complete chloroplast genome of L. dealbatus and compared with other Quercoideae members to understand the sequence variations, rearrangements and its phylogenetic lineage in the Quercoideae.ResultsWe assembled the 161,476 bp chloroplast genome of L. dealbatus, which has a large single-copy section of 90,732 bp and a small single-copy region of 18,987 bp, separated by a pair of inverted repeat regions of 25,879 bp. There were 133 genes in the cp-genome, including 86 protein coding genes, 39 transfer RNAs, and eight ribosomal RNAs. Analysis of repeat elements and RNA editing sites revealed inter-specific similarities within Lithocarpus genus. DNA diversity analysis identified highly diverged coding and non-coding hotspot regions in the genera Lithocarpus, Quercus, Castanea, and Castanopsis. These hot spots can be used as polymorphic barcodes to resolve the phylogenetic relationship at species level. We discovered five barcodes that could aid in species delimitation across the four genera of Quercoideae. The phylogenetic analysis among the Quercoideae established a monophyletic origin of Lithocarpus, and a closer evolutionary lineage with many Quercus species.ConclusionsOur findings provide insights into the chloroplast genome of L. dealbatus, the mutational hotspot regions and repeat elements. These could be utilized as molecular markers/barcodes for detailed studies in population genetics.
High-Normal Alanine Aminotransferase as a Predictor of Significant Liver Histological Injury in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection with Different HBV DNA Levels
Authors: shan Ren , Junfeng Lu , Kefei Wang , Lina Ma , Yanhong Zheng , Sujun Zheng , Xinyue Chen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective
We aimed to assess significant liver histological injury(SLHI) of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with normal ALT in order to select clinical threshold of ALT.
Methods
We retrospectively examined 347 patients who underwent liver biopsy in Beijing You an hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2018 to January 2021. Univariate analysis of the clinical parameters versus inflammation and fibrosis was carried out.
Results
Of these 347 patients met the inclusion criteria, 174(50.1%) patients had SLHI totally.The AUROC of the ALT associated with the diagnosis of SLHI was 0.572 for female and 0.6 for male with a cut-off value of 20U/L and 25U/L, respectively (p = 0.04, p = 0.013).Among HBeAg-positive patients,the proportion of SLHI in the high-normal ALT group (ALT > 20 U/L for female,>25 U/L for male) with low HBV DNA loads(< 7log10 IU/ml)was higher(66.7% vs 33.3%, p < 0.001); also the proportion in the HBeAg-negative with high-normal ALT and HBV DNA ≧ 2000 IU/ml was significantly higher(70% vs 37.7%, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Clinical threshold of ALT to distinguish SLHI was 25U/L for male and 20U/L for female.The CHB patients with high-normal ALT and certain HBV DNA level ( ≧ 2000 IU/ml for HBeAg-negative and < 7log10 IU/ml for HBeAg-positive) were suggested to perform liver biopsy or noninvasive methods for histopathology assessment, then to be determined for antiviral therapy.
ALX1-transcribed LncRNA AC132217.4 Promotes Osteogenesis and Bone Healing via IGF-AKT Signaling in Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Zhang cui , Wu Shali , Chen Erman , Yu Luyang , Wang Jinfu , Wu Mengrui 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The osteogenic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is critical for bone formation and regeneration. A high non-/delayed-union rate of fracture healing still occurs in specific populations, implying an urgent need to discover novel targets for promoting osteogenesis and bone regeneration. Long non-coding (lnc)RNAs are emerging regulators of multiple physiological processes, including osteogenesis. Based on differential expression analysis of RNA sequencing data, we found that lncRNA AC132217.4, a 3'UTR-Overlapping lncRNA of insulin growth factor 2 (IGF2), was highly induced during osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Afterward, both gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments proved that AC132217.4 promotes osteoblast development from BMSCs. As for its molecular mechanism, we found that AC132217.4 binds with IGF2 mRNA to regulate its expression and downstream AKT activation to control osteoblast maturation and function. We also identified two splicing factors from RNA-pull-down assay, serine and arginine-rich splicing factor 2 (SRSF2) and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (HNRNPA1) regulates AC132217.4 biogenesis at post-transcriptional level. Furthermore, we identified a transcription factor, ALX1, regulates AC132217.7 expression at transcriptional level to promote osteogenesis. Importantly, in-vivo over-expression of AC132217.4 essentially promotes the bone healing process in a murine tibial drill-hole model. Altogether, our study demonstrates that lncRNA AC132217.4 is a novel anabolic regulator of BMSC osteogenesis and could be a plausible therapeutic target for improving bone regeneration.
Road to entire insulation for resonances
Authors: Cao Qingjie , Zhu Guangnan , Wang Zhenkun , Zhang Yuntian , Chen Yushu , Woo Ko-Choong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The effective solution to avoid machinery damage caused by resonance has been perplexing the field of engineering as a core research direction since the resonance phenomenon was discovered by Leonhard Euler in 1750. Numerous attempts have been performed to reduce the influence of resonance since the middle of last century, by introducing a nonlinear structure or a closed-loop control system. However, the existed methodologies cannot eliminate the resonance completely even extra problems were introduced inevitably, which means the technical choke-point of resonance-free remains unsolved. Here we propose an inverse method based upon the requirements of dynamic characteristics of the supporting system to construct a passive archetypal model with zero-stiffness within a designable distance to avoid the resonance. The reliability of the inverse method is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally, which indicate that the constructed system with zero-stiffness can outright eliminate the mechanical resonance by completely isolating the energy transfer between the load and environment. The distinctive geometric characteristics of the zero-stiffness system leads to a new inspiration for the design of resonance-free passive mechanisms or metamaterials, and the inverse method can even adapt the design for a more targeted application based on an arbitrary complex dynamic requirement.
On the prevalence of Forest Fires in Spain
Authors: Boccard Nicolas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We study the prevalence of forest fires in Spain in the long run by computing the probability that a forest tree, as opposed to shrub or bush, will be lost to fire over the course of the year. Climate change is first shown to increase the likelihood of this event. Next, we document how risk grew dramatically from 1961 up to the democratic era (c. 1980) and has since receded to less than 2 trees lost per thousand. We bring together the socio-economic drivers identified for this trend reversal. Our finding is commensurate with the evolution of the same risk in neighboring Mediterranean countries.
Lnc-FSD2-31:1 in Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma promotes ATG7-mediated proliferation and fibrosis of cancer associated fibroblasts via exosome miR-4736
Authors: Geng Xinglong , Li Le , Luo Yan , Hu Jisheng , Zhao Zhongjie , Cheng Chundong , Zhang Tao , Yang Wenbo , Zhang Yangyang , Liu Liwei , Xie Yu , Li Guanqun , Liu Danxi , Bai Xuewei , Wang Gang , Chen Hua , Sun Bei , Chen Hongze 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is closely related to the occurrence of Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Intercellular interactions between cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and cancer cells influence malignant proliferation and chemotherapy resistance of PDAC in a variety of ways. We performed the global expression profiles of lncRNA between longevity and short survival PDAC patients’ pancreatic tissues, to identify molecular mechanism of PDAC.
Method
Tissue microarray (TMA) was used to explore survival related lncRNA in PDAC. The localization of lncRNA was conform by RNA fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. Functional assays were introduced to demonstrate the anti-tumor effects of lncRNA in vitro and in vivo. Exosomes and primary CAFs were isolated from PDAC cell lines and patient tissues. Bioinformatics and 3D co-culture model were used to find the downstream targets. KPC transgenic mouse model and human cytokine array were also applied to detect the mechanism of PDAC.
Results
We found that lnc-FSD2-31:1 was elevated significantly in longevity survival patients. Lnc-FSD2-31:1 suppressed PDAC proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Lnc-FSD2-31:1 also act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to inhibit miR-4736 expression in PDAC cells. Exosome miR-4736 secreted by PDAC was transported to CAFs. We found miR-4736 inhibited the proliferation, autophagy and promoted the fibrosis of CAFs by binding to the 3’-untranslated region(3’-UTR) of ATG7. Under the stimulatory of miR-4736, CAFs particularly secreted IL-32α, IL-1β, IL-1ra, G-CSF, IL-2, IL-4. Furthermore, miR-4736 antagomir intraperitoneally injected can suppressed tumor growth in KPC mice. Exosome miR-4736 of plasma might be a biomarker of PDAC.
Conclusions
Lnc-FSD2-31:1 suppress PDAC progression and act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to inhibit miR-4736 expression in PDAC cells. Exosome miR-4736 released by PDAC inhibit autophagy and promote fibrosis of CAFs via targeting ATG7. miR-4736 might be a promising biomarker and treatment target of PDAC.
Feasibility and acceptability of a multicomponent, group psychological intervention for adolescents with psychosocial distress in public schools of Pakistan: A feasibility cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT)
Authors: Hamdani Syed Usman , Huma Zill-e- , Tamizuddin-Nizami Asad , Baneen Um-ul- , Suleman Nadia , Javed Hashim , Malik Aiysha , Wang Duolao , Mazhar Samra , Khan Shahzad Alam , Minhas Fareed Aslam , Rahman Atif 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Child and adolescent mental health problems are a global public mental health priority. However, there is a lack of evidence-based scalable psychological interventions for adolescents living in low resource settings. This trial was designed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of delivering the World Health Organization’s Early Adolescent Skills for Emotions (EASE) intervention at public schools in a rural sub-district in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Methods
A two arm, single blinded, feasibility cluster randomized controlled trial with mixed-methods evaluation was conducted with 59 adolescents and their caregivers from 8 public schools. In the 4 intervention arm schools, 6 non-specialist facilitators delivered the culturally-adapted EASE group sessions to the adolescents (n = 29) and their caregivers with desired fidelity under the supervision of in-country supervisors.
Results
The participation rate of adolescents in the intervention sessions was 83%. The intervention strategies were implemented by the adolescents. However, attending biweekly sessions at schools was challenging for caregivers with only 50% caregivers attending the sessions.
Conclusions
The results of this study support the feasibility and acceptability of delivering this culturally adapted intervention through non-specialist facilitators in school settings in Pakistan and pave the way to conduct a fully powered cluster randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of intervention to improve psychological outcomes in adolescents.
Trial registration:
Trial registered with Clinicaltrials.gov prospectively; NCT04254393