bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of U=U understanding, PrEP awareness, HIV risk behaviours and factors associated with low HIV knowledge among users of Hornet, an online dating application for LGBTQ, in Thailand
Authors: Chinbunchorn Tanat , Thaneerat Natapong , Howell Sean , Sowaprux Teaka , Phiphatkunarnon Panyaphon , Lujintanon Sita , Kaewpoowat Quanhathai , Phanuphak Praphan , Phanuphak Nittaya , Ramautarsing Reshmie A 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundOver 50% of HIV infections in Thailand annually occur among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women who use online applications to meet their sexual partners. We conducted a cross-sectional study assessing undetectable=untransmittable (U=U) understanding, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) awareness, sexual behaviours and factors associated with HIV knowledge among users of Hornet in Thailand.MethodsFrom November 2019 to January 2020, a survey was conducted using convenience sampling on Hornet in Thailand. HIV literacy was assessed via 22 questions, and multivariable linear regression was performed.Results960 responses were assessed; median age was 34 years, the majority were MSM (80.4%), Thai (83.8%), had at least bachelor’s degree (74.9%). Regarding the risk profiles, 39.1% reported inconsistent condom use, 15.0% used amphetamine-type stimulants, 56.9% had not taken PrEP in the last six months and 20.5% never had an HIV test. Only 22.8% thought that U=U was completely accurate. Lower HIV knowledge was associated with being from Africa (β −8.13, 95% CI −14.39 to –1.87), age of 25 years or younger (β −2.6, 95% CI −4.37 to –0.82), education less than bachelor’s degree (β −2.58, 95% CI −3.98 to –1.19), having more than one sexual partners (β −2.41, 95% CI −4.13 to –0.69), paying three or more people to have intercourse (β −2.5, 95% CI −4.26 to –0.74), not knowing one’s HIV status (β −3.56, 95% CI −5.45 to –1.68) and not answering about previous PrEP use (β −4.11, 95% CI −7.86 to –0.36). Higher HIV knowledge was associated with being from Europe (β 2.54, 95% CI 0.46 to 4.61), the Americas (β 3.37, 95% CI 0.44 to 6.30) and previous PrEP use (β 2.37, 95% CI 0.94 to 3.81).ConclusionAmong Hornet users in Thailand, the U=U message was unclear, and PrEP use was suboptimal. Large HIV knowledge gaps and high-risk behaviours were concerning. Educational campaigns in online spaces are needed to promote awareness and HIV prevention strategies.
Heat tolerance and the validity of occupational heat exposure limits in women during moderate-intensity work
Authors: Notley Sean R. , Akerman Ashley P. , Friesen Brian J. , Poirier Martin P. , McCourt Emma , Flouris Andreas D. , Kenny Glen P. 
Published: March 2022

To mitigate excessive rises in core temperature (>1 °C) in non-heat acclimatized workers, the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) provides heat stress limits (Action Limit Values; ALV), defined by the wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and a worker’s metabolic rate. However, since these limits are based on data from men, their suitability for women remains unclear. We therefore assessed core temperature and heart rate in men ( n = 19; body surface area-to-mass ratio: 250 (SD 17) cm2/kg) and women ( n = 15; body surface area-to-mass ratio: 268 (SD 24) cm2/kg) aged 18–45 years during 180 min of walking at a moderate metabolic rate (200 W/m2) in WBGTs below (16 and 24 °C) and above (28 and 32 °C) ACGIH ALV. Sex did not significantly influence (i) rises in core temperature, irrespective of WBGT, (ii) the proportion of participants with rises in core temperature >1 °C in environments below ACGIH limits, and (iii) work duration before rises in core temperature exceeded 1 °C or volitional termination in environments above ACGIH limits. Although further studies are needed, these findings indicate that for the purpose of mitigating rises in core temperature exceeding recommended limits (>1 °C), ACGIH guidelines have comparable effectiveness in non-heat acclimatized men and women during moderate-intensity work. Novelty: Sex did not appreciably influence thermal strain nor the proportion of participants with core temperatures exceeding recommended limits. Sex did not significantly influence tolerance to uncompensable heat stress. Despite originating from data obtained in only men, current occupational heat stress guidance offered comparable effectiveness in men and women.
Hypersensitive response-like cell death and its key related genes in thelmdlesion mimic mutant of birch
Authors: Li Ranhong , Ning Xiaomeng , Liu Dan , Chen Xin 
Published: March 2022

Lesion mimic mutants (LMMs) often display hypersensitive response-like (HR-like) cell death and enhanced resistance to pathogens. LMMs have been viewed as useful for the study of the mechanism of cell death and plant immunity. To date, few LMMs have been found in woody plants. We previously identified an LMM termed lmd, which showed spontaneous cell death in birch. In the current study, we investigated lmd, oe21 (transgenic control), and NT (nontransgenic control), focusing on cell death and gene expression profile of lmd. We found that cell death in the lmd occurred gradually during leaf development. The number of necrotic spots increased as the leaf developed, with no significant change in spot size. Subcellular observations showed degradation of both mitochondria and chloroplasts in lmd cells but not in NT and oe21 cells. Autophagosomes were visible in dying cells of lmd. We then performed RNA-seq of the four most apical leaves of lmd and oe21 to explore the gene expression profile during cell death. Genes that were functional in signal perception, respiratory burst, signal transduction, and defense were enriched. TGA1, WRKY33, WRKY40, Chitinase, FLS2, RbohA/D, and SBT were identified as key genes involved in cell death in lmd.
Design study of a nonlinear electromagnetic converter using magnetic spring
Authors: Naifar Slim , Bradai Sonia , Kanoun Olfa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, an experimental and theoretical study for designing a nonlinear electromagnetic converter-based magnetic spring is performed. The governing equation of the converter is investigated. A special focus is given to the magnetic force acting on the moving magnet in dependence of its volume and the geometry of the two fixed magnets, i.e., disc or ring. For the developed analytical and numerical model, the same converter volume has been used for all conducted investigations. Several parameters have been studied that can be used to tune the nonlinearity behavior. Further, the coil axial position was investigated analytically and experimentally. An energy harvesting prototype consisting of an oscillating cylindrical magnet levitated between two stationary magnets is fabricated and evaluated through experiments. The open-circuit voltage obtained through the analytical model has been compared to the experiment and solutions to tune the harvester resonant frequency while maintaining its output power density were proposed.
A Case for Precise, Fine-Grained Pointer Synthesis in High-Level Synthesis
Authors: Ramanathan Nadesh , Constantinides George A. , Wickerson John 
Published: March 2022

This article combines two practical approaches to improve pointer synthesis within HLS tools. Both approaches focus on inefficiencies in how HLS tools treat thepoints-to graph—a mapping that connects each instruction to the memory locations that it might access at runtime. HLS pointer synthesis first computes the points-to graph via pointer analysis and then implements its connections in hardware, which gives rise to two inefficiencies. First, HLS tools typically favour pointer analysis that is fast, sacrificing precision. Second, they also favour centralising memory connections in hardware for instructions that can point to more than one location.In this article, we demonstrate that a more precise pointer analysis coupled with decentralised memory connections in hardware can substantially reduce the unnecessary sharing of memory resources. We implement both flow- and context-sensitive pointer analysis and fine-grained memory connections in two modern HLS tools, LegUp and Vitis HLS. An evaluation on three benchmark suites, ranging from non-trivial pointer use to standard HLS benchmarks, indicates that when we improve both precision and granularity of pointer synthesis, on average, we can reduce area and latency by around 42% and 37%, respectively.
ERASE: Energy Efficient Task Mapping and Resource Management for Work Stealing Runtimes
Authors: Chen Jing , Manivannan Madhavan , Abduljabbar Mustafa , Pericàs Miquel 
Published: March 2022

Parallel applications often rely on work stealing schedulers in combination with fine-grained tasking to achieve high performance and scalability. However, reducing the total energy consumption in the context of work stealing runtimes is still challenging, particularly when using asymmetric architectures with different types of CPU cores. A common approach for energy savings involves dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) wherein throttling is carried out based on factors like task parallelism, stealing relations, and task criticality. This article makes the following observations: (i) leveraging DVFS on a per-task basis is impractical when using fine-grained tasking and in environments with cluster/chip-level DVFS; (ii) task moldability, wherein a single task can execute on multiple threads/cores via work-sharing, can help to reduce energy consumption; and (iii) mismatch between tasks and assigned resources (i.e., core type and number of cores) can detrimentally impact energy consumption. In this article, we propose EneRgy Aware SchedulEr (ERASE), an intra-application task scheduler on top of work stealing runtimes that aims to reduce the total energy consumption of parallel applications. It achieves energy savings by guiding scheduling decisions based on per-task energy consumption predictions of different resource configurations. In addition, ERASE is capable of adapting to both given static frequency settings and externally controlled DVFS. Overall, ERASE achieves up to 31% energy savings and improves performance by 44% on average, compared to the state-of-the-art DVFS-based schedulers.
Noncanonical Function of AGO2 Augments T-cell Receptor Signaling in T-cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Braun Till , Stachelscheid Johanna , Bley Nadine , Oberbeck Sebastian , Otte Moritz , Müller Tony Andreas , Wahnschaffe Linus , Glaß Markus , Ommer Katharina , Franitza Marek , Gathof Birgit , Altmüller Janine , Hallek Michael , Auguin Daniel , Hüttelmaier Stefan , Schrader Alexandra , Herling Marco 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is a chemotherapy-refractory T-cell malignancy with limited therapeutic options and a poor prognosis. Current disease concepts implicate TCL1A oncogene-mediated enhanced T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling and aberrant DNA repair as central perturbed pathways. We discovered that recurrent gains on chromosome 8q more frequently involve the argonaute RISC catalytic component 2 (AGO2) gene than the adjacent MYC locus as the affected minimally amplified genomic region. AGO2 has been understood as a protumorigenic key regulator of miRNA (miR) processing. Here, in primary tumor material and cell line models, AGO2 overrepresentation associated (i) with higher disease burden, (ii) with enhanced in vitro viability and growth of leukemic T cells, and (iii) with miR-omes and transcriptomes that highlight altered survival signaling, abrogated cell-cycle control, and defective DNA damage responses. However, AGO2 elicited also immediate, rather non–RNA-mediated, effects in leukemic T cells. Systems of genetically modulated AGO2 revealed that it enhances TCR signaling, particularly at the level of ZAP70, PLCγ1, and LAT kinase phosphoactivation. In global mass spectrometric analyses, AGO2 interacted with a unique set of partners in a TCR-stimulated context, including the TCR kinases LCK and ZAP70, forming membranous protein complexes. Models of their three-dimensional structure also suggested that AGO2 undergoes posttranscriptional modifications by ZAP70. This novel TCR-associated noncanonical function of AGO2 represents, in addition to TCL1A-mediated TCR signal augmentation, another enhancer mechanism of this important deregulated growth pathway in T-PLL. These findings further emphasize TCR signaling intermediates as candidates for therapeutic targeting.

Significance:
The identification of AGO2-mediated activation of oncogenic T cells through signal amplifying protein–protein interactions advances the understanding of leukemogenic AGO2 functions and underlines the role of aberrant TCR signaling in T-PLL.
Abstract CS1-1: Oligometastatic disease: Definitions and practice patterns
Authors: Lievens Y 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Available evidence on oligometastatic disease (OMD) and its treatment, more in particular the use of metastasis directed radiotherapy (MDRT), mostly derives from retrospective, single-center series, with significant heterogeneity in patient inclusion criteria, definition of OMD, and outcomes reported. No molecular biomarker being clinically available for the identification of patients with true OMD, its diagnosis is typically based on imaging findings. However, the presentation on imaging may represent a whole range of different clinical scenarios, depending on the moment in the disease history, and the use - or not - of systemic therapy. Based on the available data, consensus was reached amongst radiation oncology experts representing ASTRO and ESTRO, that OMD can to date be defined as 1-5 metastatic lesions, both occurring synchronously or metachronously, in which a controlled primary tumor is considered optional but with as prerequisite that all metastatic sites must be safely treatable. Moreover, in a collaboration between the ESTRO and EORTC, subclassification into oligorecurrence, oligoprogression, and oligopersistence was suggested, depending on whether OMD is diagnosed during a treatment-free interval or during active systemic therapy and whether or not an oligometastatic lesion is progressing on current imaging.While further evidence is being generated in (randomized) clinical trials as well as through collecting real-world data from clinical practice, it is imperative to use consistent definitions and reporting to further refine and validate the OMD classification and nomenclature, and to acquire a better understanding of the true impact of MDRT in different clinical scenarios.
Citation Format: Y Lievens. Oligometastatic disease: Definitions and practice patterns [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr CS1-1.
Abstract ES3-2: Clinical management of moderate penetrance genes
Authors: Kurian AW 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Genetic epidemiologic studies have found that germline pathogenic mutations in the following 12 genes confer a substantial (two-fold or higher) increase in breast cancer risk: ATM, BARD1, BRCA1, BRCA2, CDH1, CHEK2, NF1, PALB2, PTEN, RAD51C, RAD51D and TP53. Mutations in several of these genes, including the notable examples of ATM, CHEK2 and PALB2, are classified as “moderate penetrance”: conferring a relative risk of breast cancer that is between two-times and five-times higher than that of the average woman. Next-generation sequencing technology and lower costs have enabled the widespread use of multiplex germline testing panels that contain both high and moderate penetrance genes. Recent studies have reported a relatively high prevalence of ATM, CHEK2 and PALB2 mutations among unselected breast cancer patients (approximately 0.5-1% per gene), including among women diagnosed at older ages. ATM and CHEK2 mutations are associated with elevated risks of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, while PALB2 mutations are more associated with triple-negative disease. Important recent developments in the clinical management of patients with moderate penetrance gene mutations include model-based estimates of optimal breast screening protocols; evidence suggesting the safety of adjuvant radiotherapy; emerging data on susceptibility to targeted therapy with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors; and characterization of the risks of developing other, non-breast cancers. Ongoing studies and future research priorities will be discussed.
Citation Format: AW Kurian. Clinical management of moderate penetrance genes [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES3-2.
Abstract ES8-2: Can radiation replace ALND after positive SLNB?
Authors: Jagsi R 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Growing recognition of the adverse impact of lymphedema on quality of life of survivors of breast cancer has motivated efforts to identify alternatives to axillary lymph node dissection. In some patients who have positive sentinel lymph nodes, radiation therapy may provide a more tolerable alternative to ALND without compromising disease control. This session will focus on the results of the key randomized trials directly evaluating this question: AMAROS and OTOASOR, as well as the implications of other trials that can help to identify patients in whom de-escalation of axillary surgery appears safe.
Citation Format: R Jagsi. Can radiation replace ALND after positive SLNB? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES8-2.
Abstract P1-06-09: The role of miR-155-5p in MSI2 induced metastasis of prolonged DEHP exposed triple-negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Jadhao Mahendra Gunvantrao , Chiu Chien Chih 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Phthalate leaching, environmental pollution,and human exposure is major issue. Endocrine disrupting effects of phthalate exposure on human health are well documented affecting hormonal balance, reproductive system, endometriosis, and is a suspected carcinogen. Continuous and prolonged use of plastic products leads to direct human exposure to phthalates, a problem observed in developing countries. In an attempt to mimic continuous human exposure to phthalates, we investigated the effects of long term DEHP exposure at physiological concentration on breast cancer cells. Long-term DEHP exposure enhanced migration and invasion in triple negative breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo zebrafish xenograft assay indicating ER independent activity of DEHP. NGS identified oncogenic protein, Musashi RNA binding protein2 (MSI2) as metastasis regulator in DEHP exposed breast cancer cells. Elevated MSI2 expression induced metastatic potential through MSI2/Vimentin interaction, EMT and PI3K/Akt/NFκB/MMP9 axis activation. Besides metastatic properties MSI2 overexpression increased stem cell potential in triple negative breast cancer cells. Novel MSI2-Vimentin protein-protein interaction was evidenced in DEHP exposed breast cancer cells highlighting new function of MSI2 apart from RNA-binding and translation regulation. Reduced expression of miR-155-5p was found to negatively regulate MSI2 expression in DEHP exposed breast cancercells. miR-155-5p mimic treatment reduced expression of MSI2 and MSI2 mediated metastasis. MSI2 knockdown reversed EMT and PI3K/Akt/NFκB/MMP9 axis induced metastasis in vitro and in vivo zebrafish xenograft in DEHP exposed breast cancer cells, showing no effect non DEHP exposed breast cancer cells. Organ specific metastasis activity was observed in invivo mouse breast cancer metastasis model showing lung metastasis in DEHP exposed breast cancer cell implanted mice. MSI2 depletion reduced lung metastasis in vivo, however no effectof MSI2 depletion observed on proliferation and tumor size. MSI2 targeting might serve as a promising strategy to overcome highly metastatic breast cancer and to limit stem cell like cancer progression. Keywords: Breast cancer;DEHP; long phthalate exposure; ATP-binding transporter proteins; drug resistance; tariquidar; NGS; MSI2; metastasis; EMT; Vimentin; miR-155-5p;stemness
Citation Format: Mahendra Gunvantrao Jadhao, Chien Chih Chiu. The role of miR-155-5p in MSI2 induced metastasis of prolonged DEHP exposed triple-negative breast cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-06-09.
Abstract P1-19-01: Palbociclib plus endocrine therapy significantly enhances overall survival of HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer patients compared to endocrine therapy alone - A large institutional study
Authors: Raghavendra Akshara Singareeka , Ha Min Jin , Kettner Nicole M. , Damodaran Senthil , Layman Rachel , Hunt Kelly K , Shen Yu , Tripathy Debu , Keyomarsi Khandan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
PURPOSE: Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDKi) therapy combined with endocrinetherapy is considered standard of care for patients with advanced hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer (BC). The Breast Medical Oncology Database at MDAnderson Cancer Center (MDACC) was analyzed to assess effectiveness of CDKi+palbociclib. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From a total of 5402 advanced HR+ HER2- BC patients referred toMDACC between 1997 and 2020, we identified eligible patients who received palbociclib incombination with first- (n=778) and second-line (n=410) endocrine therapy. We furtheridentified “control” patients who received endocrine therapy alone in the first- (n=2452) andsecond-line (n=1183) setting. We conducted a propensity score matching analysis to balancethe baseline demographic and clinical characteristics between the palbociclib treated andcontrol cohorts to assess the effect of palbociclib treatment on progression-free survival (PFS)and overall survival (OS). Stratified log-rank test was used to assess the effect of palbociclib inthe matched cohorts. RESULTS: For the propensity-matched cohort in the first-line setting (n=708), the palbociclibgroup had significantly longer median PFS (17.4 vs. 11.1 months; p&lt;0.0001) compared tocontrols. Median OS (44.3 vs. 40.2 months; p =1) did not show any survival benefit in the firstline setting. However, in the second-line setting, with 380 propensity-matched cohort, thepalbociclib group had significantly longer PFS (10 vs 5 months, p&lt;0.0001) as well as OS (33 vs 24months; p &lt; 0.022), compared to controls.2. CONCLUSION: In this single center analysis, of a large cohort of metastatic HR+ HER2- BCpatients, palbociclib in combination with endocrine therapy was associated with improved PFSin both first- and second-line settings and OS in the second-line setting compared withendocrine therapy alone cohort.3
Citation Format: Akshara Singareeka Raghavendra, Min Jin Ha, Nicole M. Kettner, Senthil Damodaran, Rachel Layman, Kelly K Hunt, Yu Shen, Debu Tripathy, Khandan Keyomarsi. Palbociclib plus endocrine therapy significantly enhances overall survival of HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer patients compared to endocrine therapy alone - A large institutional study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-19-01.