bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin and Its Associations With Bone Mineral Density, Bone Turnover Markers, and Prevalence of Osteopenia and Osteoporosis in Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Xu Yang , Shen Li , Liu Lianyong , Zhang Zhenlin , Hu Weiwei 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveUndercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) is one form of osteocalcin lacking full carboxylation, which plays an important role in bone homeostasis, glucose homeostasis, and energy metabolism. Our aim is to obtain the profile of serum ucOC level according to gender and age and explore its associations with bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers (BTMs), and prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in the Chinese population.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study with 900 subjects, composed of 431 men and 469 women. Clinical information was collected, and BMD values of the lumbar spine (L1–4), left femoral neck, and total hip were scanned. Biochemical markers including hepatic and renal function, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, procollagen type 1 N-propeptide (P1NP) β-CrossLaps of type I collagen-containing cross-linked C-telopeptide (β-CTX) intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), and ucOC were measured.ResultsWe found that the median ucOC level was higher in men than women [men, 2.6 ng/ml; women, 1.6 ng/ml; p &lt; 0.001]. The profile according to age showed that ucOC levels were the lowest at the age of 40–49 years in both men [2.55 ng/ml (95% CI = 1.96–3.13 ng/ml)] and women [1.57 ng/ml (95% CI = 1.12–2.03 ng/ml)]; in patients younger than 49 years, they decreased with age; then over 50 years, they quickly increased. Furthermore, we found that a higher ucOC level was correlated with lower BMD values at the lumbar spine (men, r = −0.128, p = 0.013; women, r = −0.321, p &lt; 0.001), femoral neck (men, r = −0.095, p = 0.062; women, r = −0.260, p &lt; 0.001), and total hip (men, r = −0.123, p = 0.015; women, r = −0.209, p &lt; 0.001) and higher P1NP (men, r = 0.307, p &lt; 0.001; women, r = 0.239, p &lt; 0.001) and β-CTX (men, r = 0.169, p = 0.001; women, r = 0.354, p &lt; 0.001) levels in both men and women. Furthermore, we also showed that a 1 − SD increase in ucOC was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.63 and 1.70 for having osteopenia or osteoporosis in men and women, respectively (men, 95% CI = 1.25–2.13, p = 0.004; women, 95% CI = 1.19–2.42, p = 0.004).ConclusionsWe first revealed the profile of serum ucOC levels according to gender and age in the Chinese population and demonstrated the associations of ucOC with BMD and BTMs and the risk of prevalent osteopenia or osteoporosis. Our findings provide a clue to elucidate the function of ucOC in bone metabolism.
Prediabetes Induces More Severe Acute COVID-19 Associated With IL-6 Production Without Worsening Long-Term Symptoms
Authors: Bonyek-Silva Icaro , Cerqueira-Silva Thiago , Nunes Sara , Machado Antônio Fernando Araújo , Cruz Márcio Rivison Silva , Pereira Blenda , Estrela Leilane , Silva Jéssica , Isis Ananda , Barral Aldina , Oliveira Pablo Rafael Silveira , Khouri Ricardo , Serezani C. Henrique , Brodskyn Cláudia , Caldas Juliana Ribeiro , Barral-Netto Manoel , Boaventura Viviane , Tavares Natalia Machado 
Published: July 2022

AimsPre-existing conditions, such as age, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes, constitute known risk factors for severe COVID-19. However, the impact of prediabetes mellitus (PDM) on COVID-19 severity is less clear. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of PDM in the acute and long-term phases of COVID-19.Materials and methodsWe compared inflammatory mediators, laboratory and clinical parameters and symptoms in COVID-19 patients with prediabetes (PDM) and without diabetes (NDM) during the acute phase of infection and at three months post-hospitalization.ResultsPatients with PDM had longer hospital stays and required intensive care unit admission more frequently than NDM. Upon hospitalization, PDM patients exhibited higher serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), which is related to reduced partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood, oxygen saturation (SpO2) and increased COVID-19 severity. However, at three months after discharge, those with PDM did not exhibit significant alterations in laboratory parameters or residual symptoms; however, PDM was observed to influence the profile of reported symptoms.ConclusionsPDM seems to be associated with increased risk of severe COVID-19, as well as higher serum levels of IL-6, which may constitute a potential biomarker of severe COVID-19 risk in affected patients. Furthermore, while PDM correlated with more severe acute-phase COVID-19, no long-term worsening of sequelae was observed.
Metabolic Characteristics and M2 Macrophage Infiltrates in Invasive Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas
Authors: Lin Kunzhe , Zhang Jianping , Lin Yinghong , Pei Zhijie , Wang Shousen 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic differences between invasive and non-invasive nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs), determine the expression of an M2 macrophage marker in NFPAs, and analyze the effects of metabolic changes in invasive NFPAs on M2 macrophage infiltrates.MethodsTissue samples of NFPAs from patients who underwent transsphenoidal or craniotomy surgery from January 2021 to August 2021 were collected. NFPA tissues were analyzed based on a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry non-targeted metabolomics platform, and immunohistochemical staining for M2 macrophage marker CD206 was performed.ResultsWe evaluated 15 invasive and 21 non-invasive NFPAs. A total of 22 metabolites were identified through non-targeted metabolomics analysis. Among them, the expression of 1-octadecanol, inosine 5’-monophosphate, adenosine 5’-monophosphate, guanosine 5’-monophosphate, creatinine, desmosterol, taurine, hypotaurine, lactic acid, and succinic acid was upregulated in invasive NFPAs, while that of 1-oleoylglycerol, arachidonic acid, cis-11-eicosenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, glyceric acid, hypoxanthine, linoleic acid, lysine, oleic acid, uracil, valine, and xanthine was downregulated. Immunohistochemical analysis suggested that the number of CD206-positive cells was higher in invasive NFPAs than in non-invasive NFPAs.ConclusionInvasive and non-invasive NFPAs showed distinct metabolite profiles. The levels of succinic acid and lactic acid were higher in invasive NFPAs, and the high expression of the M2 macrophage marker was verified in invasive NFPAs.
Circulating MicroRNAs as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers for Diabetic Retinopathy: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ma Lingli , Wen Yan , Li Zimeng , Wu Nan , Wang Qing 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common diabetic microvascular complication and a major cause of acquired vision loss. Finding effective biomarkers for the early identification and diagnosis of DR is crucial. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the accuracy of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the diagnosis of DR via a meta-analysis of previously published diagnostic studies. This study has been registered on the PROSPERO website, with the number CRD42022323238.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China Wanfang database, and China Knowledge Network database to identify relevant articles published from the time of database creation to April 10, 2022. Stata 14.0 software was used to calculate the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic ratio (DOR), and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to assess the accuracy of miRNAs in the diagnosis of DR. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using Cochran-Q test and I2 statistic for quantitative analysis. The random-effect model was selected due to significant heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis and regression analysis were also performed to determine the potential sources of heterogeneity.ResultsWe included 25 articles detailing 52 studies with 1987 patients with DR and 1771 non-DR controls. The findings demonstrated overall sensitivity (0.82, 95% CI: 0.78 ~ 0.85), specificity (0.84, 95% CI: 0.81 ~ 0.86), PLR (5.0, 95% CI: 4.2 ~ 5.9), NLR (0.22, 95% CI: 0.18 ~ 0.26), and the area under the summary ROC curve (0.90, 95% CI: 0.87 ~ 0.92). Furthermore, we performed subgroup analysis and found that panels of multiple miRNAs could enhance the pooled sensitivity (sensitivity, specificity, and AUC values were 0.89, 0.87, and 0.94, respectively).ConclusionThe meta-analysis showed that miRNAs can be used as potential diagnostic markers for DR, with high accuracy of diagnoses observed with the detection of miRNAs in plasma and serum.
Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Versus Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Stage III Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer After D2/R0 Resection
Authors: Shi Jinming , Kang Wenzhe , Tang Yuan , Li Ning , Jiang Liming , Yang Lin , Wang Shulian , Song Yongwen , Liu Yueping , Fang Hui , Lu Ningning , Qi Shunan , Chen Bo , Li Yexiong , Tian Yantao , Jin Jing 
Published: July 2022

PurposeTo compare the survival benefit in the adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) group and chemotherapy (CT) group for stage III gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer after D2/R0 resection.Methods and MaterialsFrom January 2011 to May 2018, 819 patients (CRT group: 215 patients, CT group: 604 patients) diagnosed as pathological stage III after D2/R0 resection were retrospectively collected and the survival and recurrence patterns were analyzed. The baseline characteristics were balanced based on propensity score matching (PSM). The survival benefit was compared between two groups using Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox regression model.ResultsThe 5-year overall survival (OS) rate in the CRT group was significantly higher than that in the CT group whether before or after the PSM. The multivariate Cox regression analysis identified the significant poor OS in patients with advanced TNM stage (P &lt; 0.001) and patients who did not receive the adjuvant CRT (P = 0.008). For the recurrence patterns, 85 (39.5%) patients in the CRT group and 300 (49.7%) patients in the CT group were diagnosed as recurrence (P = 0.011). The regional recurrence in the CRT group was less than that in the CT group (20.5% vs. 35.1%, P = 0.028).ConclusionFor patients diagnosed as stage III gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction cancer, the addition of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy will significantly improve the overall survival and regional control.
The Influence of 0.5% Tropicamide on Anterior Segment Parameters With CASIA2 in Emmetropic, Myopic, and Hyperopic Eyes
Authors: Lin Feng , Wang Yuliang , Liu Yujia , Qu Xiaomei , Zhou Xingtao 
Published: July 2022

Aim: To evaluate the effects of 0.5% tropicamide on anterior segment parameters with the CASIA2 imaging device in emmetropic, myopic, and hyperopic eyes.Methods: In this prospective study, a total of 125 subjects (34 emmetropic subjects, 57 myopic subjects, and 34 hyperopic subjects) at the Shanghai Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University were recruited from June 2021 to September 2021. The 0.5% tropicamide solution was used once every 5 min a total of 5 times for cycloplegia. The anterior segment parameters were recorded by CASIA2 before and after cycloplegia. Changes in anterior segment parameters were compared among the three refractive groups.Results: Crystalline lens rise (CLR) and crystalline lens thickness (CLT) significantly decreased in all three refractive groups after cycloplegia (all p &lt; 0.01). The anterior radius of lens (ARL) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) significantly increased in all three refractive groups after cycloplegia (all p &lt; 0.01). Posterior radius of lens (PRL) significantly increased in hyperopic eyes after cycloplegia (p &lt; 0.01) while it remained unchanged in emmetropic eyes and myopic eyes. Central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber width (ACW), lens decentration (LD), and lens tilt (LT) remained unchanged after cycloplegia in all three refractive groups (all p &gt; 0.05). Changes in CLR, CLT, ARL, PRL, and ACD in hyperopic eyes were greater than those in emmetropic eyes and myopic eyes (all p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: Apart from various changes in anterior segment parameters after application by 0.5% tropicamide in all three refractive groups, significant changes in CLR, CLT, ARL, PRL, and ACD in hyperopic eyes should be noted for proper clinical interpretation.
Small-scale farms in the environmental sustainability of rural areas. Opinions of farmers from Poland, Romania and Lithuania
Authors: Stępień Sebastian , Smędzik-Ambroży Katarzyna , Matuszczak Anna , Tosovic-Stevanovic Aleksandra 
Published: July 2022

The aim of the article is to assess the environmental sustainability of small-scale faming. The authors tried to reach the farmers' subjective opinion, their way of thinking, attitudes and determinants affecting environmental performance. The use of in-depth interviews gave a chance to draw reliable and accurate conclusions on the analysed topic and register many elements that could be omitted using quantitative methods. Thus, the work forms a complementary part of research on the sustainability of small-scale farms, which is its main added value. Furthermore, the use of data from three EU member states - Poland, Romania and Lithuania - provided a basis for comparative analysis. Conclusions proved that small farms perform important environmental functions in rural areas. It results from the very essence of this type of farms, based on the cultivation of traditions and experience passed down from generation to generation, as well as from the family nature of these units.
European Green Deal — research directions. a systematic literature review
Authors: Ejdys Joanna , Szpilko Danuta 
Published: July 2022

The article provided a classification of scientific research relating to European Green Deal (EGD) issues to assess their compatibility with areas identified in the EGD strategy document and identify emerging future research directions. A systematic literature review was based on bibliometric analysis and focused on articles in Scopus and Web of Science databases. The systematic literature review aimed to identify, integrate and evaluate research on the selected topic based on clearly defined criteria. Research query included (TITLE-ABS-KEY (“EU” OR europ*) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY (“green deal”) ) in the case of Scopus and TS = (“EU” OR europ*) AND “green deal”) in the case of Web of Science. In total, 641 publication records were qualified for analysis. The bibliometric analysis allowed identifying eight thematic clusters and linking them to the eight areas of the European Green Deal strategy. The bibliometric analysis enabled the identification of eight thematic areas of international research undertaken in relation to the European Green Deal. These cover a variety of topics from social sciences, engineering, agriculture, sciences and natural sciences. Clusters included: Energy, circular economy, industry, building, mobility, food, biodiversity and pollution.
MODELLING AND ANALYSIS OF TRAFFIC IN THE CHANNELS OF TELECOMMUNICATION SUBSYSTEMS OF INTEGRATED SECURITY SYSTEMS
Authors: ТАМП Н.В. , ФЕДУЛОВ А.В. , ПЛЯСУНОВ С.С. 
Published: July 2022

Обоснована необходимость мониторинга телекоммуникационных подсистем систем комплексной безопасности. Предложена имитационная модель, позволяющая формировать элементы временного ряда, в роли которых выступают моменты начала передачи сообщений. Предусмотрена возможность формирования как стационарных, так и нестационарных потоков событий. Приведены результаты исследований основных методов анализа временных рядов. Показано, что используемые подходы не позволяют с требуемой оперативностью и достоверностью обнаруживать возможные аномальные состояния трафика. Предложено для оценки различных состояний трафика рассматривать телекоммуникационную систему в роли динамической системы. Приведены аналитические выражения для формирования динамических переменных, на основе которых сформированы фазовые портреты. Полученные результаты экспериментов подтвердили информативность предложенного варианта отображения трафика. Показано, что оценка состояния телекоммуникационных систем с использованием фазовых портретов позволяет выявить аномальные состояния трафика, а также спрогнозировать поведение динамической системы в будущем.
The article substantiates the need for monitoring telecommunications subsystems of integrated security systems. It is proposed a simulation model that allows forming of elements of a time series, in the role of which are the moments of the beginning of the transmission of messages. The possibility of generating both stationary and non-stationary event streams is provided. The results of studies of the main methods of time series analysis are presented. It is shown that the approaches used do not allow detecting possible abnormal traffic states with the required efficiency and reliability. It is proposed to consider a telecommunication system as a dynamic system to evaluate various traffic conditions. Analytical expressions are given for the formation of dynamic variables, on the basis of which phase portraits are formed. The presented experimental results confirmed the informativeness of the proposed traffic display option. It is shown that the assessment of the state of telecommunication systems using phase portraits makes it possible to identify abnormal traffic states, as well as predict the behavior of a dynamic system in the future.
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE OPERATION OF SATELLITE EARTH STATIONS AND SFN NETWORK TRANSMITTERS IN RUSSIA
Authors: КАРЯКИН В.Л. 
Published: July 2022

На основе сравнения европейских и российских стандартов с учетом научных и технических результатов исследований проведен анализ требований к оборудованию одночастотных сетей DVB-T2, который позволяет оценить актуальность и достоверность материала, изложенного в стандарте ГОСТ Р 58912-2020. Результаты анализа позволяют сделать вывод о том, что стандарт не может служить основанием для актуализации требований к сетевым передатчикам и земным станциям спутниковых ретрансляторов в одночастотных сетях телерадиовещания, находящихся в эксплуатации фактически при отсутствии сертификации с начала реализации федеральной целевой программы «Развитие телерадиовещания в Российской Федерации на 2009-2018 годы».
The analysis of technical requirements for single-frequency networks DVB-T2 equipment is carried out based on a comparison of European and Russian standards, taking into account scientific and technical research results. This analysis allows assessing the relevance and reliability of the material set out in the standard GOST R 58912-2020. The results of the analysis allow us to conclude that the standard cannot serve as a basis for updating the requirements for network transmitters and earth stations of satellite repeaters in single-frequency television and radio broadcasting networks, which have been in operation since the beginning of the Federal Target Program "Development of broadcasting in the Russian Federation for 2009-2018."
Reasons for refusal of repeated prosthetics on implants according to the results of a patient survey
Authors: Zaslavsky R.S. , Olesov E.E. , Ivanov A.S. , Zaslavsky S.A. , Romanov A.S. 
Published: July 2022

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the reasons for refusal of repeated prosthetics on implants of patients with removed implants. The analysis of the causes of such failures was carried out in 118 patients with removed implants with a period of 5—20 years of previous use of prostheses on implants. For 46 patients with repeated prosthetics were shown covered dentures on implants, 14 — fixed dentures with complete absence of teeth, 58 — fixed dentures with partial absence of teeth. To analyze the reasons for refusal of prosthetics on implants, a questionnaire of 16 questions was developed and used.
As a result of the study, it was found that the main rea sons for the refusal of patients from re-implantation are the insufficient period of functioning of prostheses on implants due to the development of chronic inflammation around the implants, the high cost of prosthetics on implants and insufficient good health, constraining the decision on surgical interventions and complex prosthetics are a problem.
Significant factors for refusing implantation were also noted: the duration of the prosthetics process on implants, the reluctance of additional bone-plastic surgery, insufficient esthetics of fixed prostheses on implants.
More than half of the refusals from implantation in the complete absence of teeth are due to the impossibility of non-removable prosthetics.
Risk Factors Related to Hypertension in Children
Authors: Ngantung Shyella E. , Umboh Adrian , Manoppo Jeanette I. C, 
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Hypertension is a serious health problem, not only because of its increasing incidence but also due to its morbidity and mortality. Although children often experience an increase in blood pressure, it is very difficult and even cannot be determined early. Therefore, the increase in blood pressure can persist into adulthood and results in hypertension and coronary heart disease. This is influenced by several risk factors that can support the occurrence of hypertension in children. This study aimed to determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of hypertension. This was a literature review study using two databases namely Pubmed and Google Scholar and the keywords were risk factor AND hypertension AND children. The results obtained that there was a relationship between hypertension with nutritional status (obesity), excessive salt consumption, poor physical activity, smoking behavior, poor sleep quality, family history of hypertension, and male sex. In conclusion, there are a variety of risk factors related to hypertension, and obesity is the dominant one.Keywords: risk factor; hypertension; children Abstrak: Hipertensi merupakan masalah kesehatan yang serius, bukan saja karena angka kejadian-nya yang meningkat melainkan karena morbiditas dan mortalitas yang diakibatkannya. Anak seringkali mengalami peningkatan tekanan darah akan tetapi sangat sulit bahkan tidak dapat ditentukan sejak dini sehingga peningkatan tekanan darah dapat menetap hingga dewasa dan mengakibatkan hipertensi dan penyakit jantung koroner. Hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor risiko yang dapat mendukung terjadinya hipertensi pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi. Jenis penelitian ini ialah suatu literature review dengan menggunakan dua database yaitu Pubmed and Google Scholar dengan kata kunci risk factor AND hypertension AND children. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara hipertensi dengan status gizi lebih (obesitas), konsumsi garam berlebih, aktivitas fisik kurang, perilaku merokok, kualitas tidur buruk, riwayat hipertensi keluarga, dan jenis kelamin laki-laki. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat berbagai factor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi dengan obesitas sebagai faktor risiko yang dominan.Kata kunci: faktor risiko; hipertensi; anak