bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying accurate link predictors based on assortativity of complex networks
Authors: Al Musawi Ahmad F. , Roy Satyaki , Ghosh Preetam 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLink prediction algorithms in complex networks, such as social networks, biological networks, drug-drug interactions, communication networks, and so on, assign scores to predict potential links between two nodes. Link prediction (LP) enables researchers to learn unknown, new as well as future interactions among the entities being modeled in the complex networks. In addition to measures like degree distribution, clustering coefficient, centrality, etc., another metric to characterize structural properties is network assortativity which measures the tendency of nodes to connect with similar nodes. In this paper, we explore metrics that effectively predict the links based on the assortativity profiles of the complex networks. To this end, we first propose an approach that generates networks of varying assortativity levels and utilize three sets of link prediction models combining the similarity of neighborhoods and preferential attachment. We carry out experiments to study the LP accuracy (measured in terms of area under the precision-recall curve) of the link predictors individually and in combination with other baseline measures. Our analysis shows that link prediction models that explore a large neighborhood around nodes of interest, such as CH2-L2 and CH2-L3, perform consistently for assortative as well as disassortative networks. While common neighbor-based local measures are effective for assortative networks, our proposed combination of common neighbors with node degree is a good choice for the LP metric in disassortative networks. We discuss how this analysis helps achieve the best-parameterized combination of link prediction models and its significance in the context of link prediction from incomplete social and biological network data.
Climate change and species facilitation affect the recruitment of macroalgal marine forests
Authors: Monserrat Margalida , Comeau Steeve , Verdura Jana , Alliouane Samir , Spennato Guillaume , Priouzeau Fabrice , Romero Gilbers , Mangialajo Luisa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMarine forests are shrinking globally due to several anthropogenic impacts including climate change. Forest-forming macroalgae, such asCystoseiras.l.species, can be particularly sensitive to environmental conditions (e.g. temperature increase, pollution or sedimentation), especially during early life stages. However, not much is known about their response to the interactive effects of ocean warming (OW) and acidification (OA). These drivers can also affect the performance and survival of crustose coralline algae, which are associated understory species likely playing a role in the recruitment of later successional species such as forest-forming macroalgae. We tested the interactive effects of elevated temperature, low pH and species facilitation on the recruitment ofCystoseira compressa. We demonstrate that the interactive effects of OW and OA negatively affect the recruitment ofC. compressaand its associated coralline algaeNeogoniolithon brassica-florida. The density of recruits was lower under the combinations OW and OA, while the size was negatively affected by the temperature increase but positively affected by the low pH. The results from this study show that the interactive effects of climate change and the presence of crustose coralline algae can have a negative impact on the recruitment ofCystoseiras.l.species. While new restoration techniques recently opened the door to marine forest restoration, our results show that the interactions of multiple drivers and species interactions have to be considered to achieve long-term population sustainability.
Cardiopulmonary work up of patients with and without fatigue 6 months after COVID-19
Authors: Thiele Kirsten , Balfanz Paul , Müller Tobias , Hartmann Bojan , Spiesshoefer Jens , Grebe Julian , Müller-Wieland Dirk , Marx Nikolaus , Dreher Michael , Daher Ayham 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe pathogenesis of long-Covid symptoms remains incompletely understood. Therefore, we aimed to determine cardiopulmonary limitations 6 months after surviving COVID-19 using pulmonary function tests, echocardiographic studies to the point of analysis of global-longitudinal-strain (GLS), which describes the cycling myocardium deformation and provides better data on left ventricular (LV) dysfunction than LV ejection fraction (LVEF), and validated questionnaires. Overall, 60 consecutive hospitalized patients were included (61 ± 2 years, 40% treated in the ICU). At follow-up (194 ± 3 days after discharge), fatigue was the most prevalent symptom (28%). Patients with fatigue were more symptomatic overall and characterized by worse quality of life (QoL) scores compared to patients without fatigue (all p < 0.05), mainly due to limited mobility and high symptom burden. While PFT variables and LVEF were normal in the vast majority of patients (LVEF = 52% (45–52%)), GLS was significantly reduced (− 15% (− 18 to − 14%)). However, GLS values were not different between patients with and without fatigue. In conclusion, fatigue was the most prevalent long-Covid symptom in our cohort, which was associated with worse QoL mainly due to limited mobility and the high burden of concomitant symptoms. Patients showed a subtle myocardial dysfunction 6 months after surviving COVID-19, but this did not relate to the presence of fatigue.
Highly efficient, perfect, large angular and ultrawideband solar energy absorber for UV to MIR range
Authors: Patel Shobhit K. , Udayakumar Arun Kumar , Mahendran G. , Vasudevan B. , Surve Jaymit , Parmar Juveriya 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlthough different materials and designs have been tried in search of the ideal as well as ultra-wideband light absorber, achieving ultra-broadband and robust unpolarized light absorption over a wide angular range has proven to be a major issue. Light-field regulation capabilities provided by optical metamaterials are a potential new technique for perfect absorbers. It is our goal to design and demonstrate an ultra-wideband solar absorber for the ultraviolet to a mid-infrared region that has an absorptivity of TE/TM light of 96.2% on average. In the visible, NIR, and MIR bands of the solar spectrum, the absorbed energy is determined to be over 97.9%, above 96.1%, and over 95%, respectively under solar radiation according to the Air Mass Index 1.5 (AM1.5) spectrum investigation. In order to achieve this wideband absorption, the TiN material ground layer is followed by the SiO2 layer, and on top of that, a Cr layer with patterned Ti-based resonators of circular and rectangular multiple patterns. More applications in integrated optoelectronic devices could benefit from the ideal solar absorber's strong absorption, large angular responses, and scalable construction.
Research on equivalent thermal network modeling for rare-earth giant magnetostrictive transducer
Authors: Zhang Zhihe , Yang Xin , Chen Yukai 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOf crucial importance for giant magnetostrictive transducers (GMTs) design is to quickly and accurately analysis the temperature distribution. With the advantages of low calculation cost and high accuracy, thermal network modelling has been developed for thermal analysis of GMT. However, the existing thermal models have their limits to describe these complicated thermal behaviors in the GMTs: most of researches focused on steady-state which is incapable of capturing temperature variances; the temperature distribution of giant magnetostrictive (GMM) rods is generally assumed to be uniform whereas the temperature gradient on the GMM rod is remarkable due to its poor thermal conductivity; the non-uniform distribution of GMM’s losses is seldom introduced into thermal model. Therefore, a transient equivalent thermal network (TETN) model of GMT is established in this paper, considering the aforementioned three aspects. Firstly, based on the structure and working principle of a longitudinal vibration GMT, thermal analysis was carried out. Following this, according to the heat transfer process of GMT, the TETN model was established and the corresponding model parameters were calculated. Finally, the accuracy of the TETN model for the temporal and spatial analysis of the transducer temperature are verified by simulation and experiment.
Patterns of patients with polypharmacy in adult population from Korea
Authors: Shin Woo-young , Go Tae-Hwa , Kang Dae Ryong , Lee Sei Young , Lee Won , Kim Seonah , Lee Jiewon , Kim Jung-ha 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPolypharmacy and its rising global prevalence is a growing public health burden. Using a large representative nationwide Korean cohort (N = 761,145), we conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study aiming to identify subpopulations of patients with polypharmacy and characterize their unique patterns through cluster analysis. Patients aged ≥ 30 years who were prescribed at least one medication between 2014 and 2018 were included in our study. Six clusters were identified: cluster 1 mostly included patients who were hospitalized for a long time (4.3 ± 5.3 days); cluster 2 consisted of patients with disabilities (100.0%) and had the highest mean number of prescription drugs (7.7 ± 2.8 medications); cluster 3 was a group of low-income patients (99.9%); cluster 4 was a group of high-income patients (80.2%) who frequently (46.4 ± 25.9 days) visited hospitals/clinics (7.3 ± 2.7 places); cluster 5 was mostly elderly (74.9 ± 9.8 years) females (80.3%); and cluster 6 comprised mostly middle-aged (56.4 ± 1.5 years) males (88.6%) (all P < 0.001). Patients in clusters 1–5 had more prescribed medications and outpatient visit days than those in cluster 6 (all P < 0.001). Given limited health care resources, individuals with any of the identified phenotypes may be preferential candidates for participation in intervention programs for optimal medication use.
Estimation of carbon stocks in wood products for private building companies
Authors: Matsumoto Ryoto , Kayo Chihiro , Kita Satoshi , Nakamura Kentaro , Lauk Christian , Funada Ryo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWood products function as carbon storage even after being harvested from forests. This has garnered attention in relevance to climate change countermeasures. In the progress of efforts toward climate change mitigation by private companies, the effective use of wood products has been an important measure. However, the methodology for accounting carbon stocks in wood products for private companies has not been established. Therefore, this study investigated methods for estimating carbon stocks in wood products used in wooden houses built by private enterprises, targeting a major company in the Japanese building industry. The results indicated that both the direct inventory method and flux data method (FDM) were applicable for estimating the carbon stocks. These two methods use data that can be obtained from many other building companies, thus, indicating high versatility. The log-normal, Weibull, normal, and logistic distributions, in descending order, proved to be suitable lifetime functions of wooden houses under the FDM, with a half-life of 66–101 years. It is important to continuously acquire time-series data on the floor areas of both newly built and existing houses and the amount of wood products used to improve the accuracy of estimates and explore future predictions.
Challenges and opportunities associated with the MD Anderson IMPACT2 randomized study in precision oncology
Authors: Vo Henry Hiep , Fu Siqing , Hong David S. , Karp Daniel D. , Piha-Paul Sarina , Subbiah Vivek , Janku Filip , Naing Aung , Yap Timothy A. , Rodon Jordi , Ajani Jaffer A. , Cartwright Carrie , Johnson Amber , Song I-Wen , Beck Jennifer , Kahle Michael , Nogueras-Gonzalez Graciela M. , Miller Vincent , Chao Calvin , Vining David J. , Berry Donald A. , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Tsimberidou Apostolia-Maria 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe investigated the challenges of conducting IMPACT2, an ongoing randomized study that evaluates molecular testing and targeted therapy (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02152254). Patients with metastatic cancer underwent tumor profiling and were randomized between the two arms when eligibility criteria were met (Part A). In Part B, patients who declined randomization could choose the study arm. In Part A, 69 (21.8%) of 317 patients were randomized; 78.2% were not randomized because of non-targetable alterations (39.8%), unavailability of clinical trial (21.8%), other reasons (12.6%), or availability of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs for the indication (4.1%). In Part B, 32 (20.4%) of 157 patients were offered randomization; 16 accepted and 16 selected their treatment arm; 79.0% were not randomized (patient’s/physician’s choice, 29.3%; treatment selection prior to genomic reports, 16.6%; worsening performance status/death, 12.7%; unavailability of clinical trials, 6.4%; other, 6.4%; non-targetable alterations, 5.7%; or availability of FDA-approved drugs for the indication, 1.9%). In conclusion, although randomized controlled trials have been considered the gold standard for drug development, the execution of randomized trials in precision oncology in the advanced metastatic setting is complicated. We encountered various challenges conducting the IMPACT2 study, a large precision oncology trial in patients with diverse solid tumor types. The adaptive design of IMPACT2 enables patient randomization despite the continual FDA approval of targeted therapies, the evolving tumor biomarker landscape, and the plethora of investigational drugs. Outcomes for randomized patients are awaited.
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9 extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Zhang Juntao , Zhao Yanmei , Sun Zhihong , Sun Tiansong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractProbiotics have been characterized as useful for maintaining the balance of host gut flora and conferring health effects, but few studies have focused on their potential for delaying aging in the host. Here we show thatLacticaseibacillus rhamnosusProbio-M9 (Probio-M9), a healthy breast milk probiotic, enhances the locomotor ability and slows the decline in muscle function of the model organismCaenorhabditis elegans. Live Probio-M9 significantly extends the lifespan ofC. elegansin a dietary restriction-independent manner. By screening various aging-related mutants ofC. elegans, we find that Probio-M9 extends lifespan via p38 cascade anddaf-2signaling pathways, independent ondaf-16but dependent onskn-1. Probio-M9 protects and repairs damaged mitochondria by activating mitochondrial unfolded protein response. The significant increase of amino acids, sphingolipid, galactose and fatty acids in bacterial metabolites might be involved in extending the lifespan ofC. elegans. We reveal that Probio-M9 as a dietary supplementation had the potential to delay aging inC. elegansand also provide new methods and insights for further analyzing probiotics in improving host health and delaying the occurrence of age-related chronic diseases.
Systemic maternal inflammation promotes ASD via IL-6 and IFN-γ
Authors: Majerczyk Daniel , Ayad Elizabeth G. , Brewton Kari L. , Saing Pichrasmei , Hart Peter C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder that manifests during early development, impacting individuals through their ways of communicating, social behaviors, and their ability to perform day-to-day activities. There have been different proposed mechanisms on how ASD precipitates within a patient, one of which being the impact cytokines have on fetal development once a mother’s immune system has been activated (referred to as maternal immune activation, MIA). The occurrence of ASD has long been associated with elevated levels of several cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ). These proinflammatory cytokines can achieve high systemic levels in response to immune activating pathogens from various extrinsic sources. Transfer of cytokines such as IL-6 across the placental barrier allows accumulation in the fetus, potentially inducing neuroinflammation and consequently altering neurodevelopmental processes. Individuals who have been later diagnosed with ASD have been observed to have elevated levels of IL-6 and other proinflammatory cytokines during gestation. Moreover, the outcome of MIA has been associated with neurological effects such as impaired social interaction and an increase in repetitive behavior in animal models, supporting a mechanistic link between gestational inflammation and development of ASD-like characteristics. The present review attempts to provide a concise overview of the available preclinical and clinical data that suggest cross-talk between IL-6 and IFN-γ through both extrinsic and intrinsic factors as a central mechanism of MIA that may promote the development of ASD.
Effectiveness of Intense Accent Modification Training With Refugees From Burma
Authors: Burda Angela , Squires Lindsey , Krupke David , Arthur Andrew , Bahia Mariana , Bernard Kevin , Easley Matt , English Maggie , Hicks Joslyn , Johnson Valeria , Lancaster Megan , O'Loughlin Elizabeth , Skaar Samantha 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:This pilot research project sought to determine if an intensive accent modification training program that included See the Sound-Visual Phonics and prosodic gestures improved articulation, prosody, and intelligibility measures in refugees from Burma.Participants:Four individuals (two men, two women) aged 20–67 participated in this study, and they were recruited from a state organization supporting refugees who have resettled in the United States.Method:All participants completed the Proficiency in Oral English Communication (POEC) and Assessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech (AIDS) to measure pre- and posttraining changes. The duration of this study was 6 weeks and consisted of 1 week of pretesting, 4 weeks of accent modification training, and 1 week of posttesting. Participants attended a total of twelve 50-min accent modification training sessions, including eight individual sessions (twice per week) and four group sessions (once per week), which provided a functional way to practice newly acquired skills in a scripted conversational-type format. Trained and untrained articulation and prosody probes were used to establish baselines and measure change.Results:All four participants showed gains across articulation and prosody (in untrained and trained items). On pre- and posttest measures, three of the four participants also made gains on the broad measures of the AIDS and the POEC.Conclusion:Findings support that a brief and intensive multimodality accent modification program can be beneficial.
Fuzzy logic‐based multi‐mode voltage control strategy for high ratio photovoltaic in a distribution network
Authors: Yang Xiu , Qiu Zhixin , Liu Fang , Jiao Kaidan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo solve the problems of voltage crossing, offset and fluctuation caused by the high proportion of distributed photovoltaic (PV) access to the distribution network and reduce the risk of grid operation, proposing a Mamdani fuzzy logic based multi‐mode voltage control strategy for high ratio PV distribution network. Based on the voltage scale value of the grid connection, the control strategy combines multi‐mode operation with fuzzy logic and divides the PV inverter operation into three modes: Overvoltage suppression, undervoltage suppression, and network loss/power factor optimization. The control strategy is designed with different fuzzy controllers for each mode of operation to suit different operating conditions. The fuzzy rules are formulated based on the logical relationship between the inputs and the reactive power output of the inverter, and the reactive power output standardized value of the PV inverter is obtained by the defuzzification process. The simulation results show that the proposed method can alleviate the voltage crossing, voltage drift, and voltage fluctuation problems. Moreover, the voltage crossing and voltage drift are effectively suppressed, and the power factor is improved compared with the reactive power sag control, multi‐mode control, and traditional fuzzy control.
Full‐scale attention network for automated organ segmentation on head and neck CT and MR images
Authors: Zhong Zhiqiang , He Lian , Chen Changxiu , Yang Xingli , Lin Li , Yan Ziye , Tian Mengqiu , Sun Ying , Zhan Yinwei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMRI and CT images have been routinely used in clinical practice for treatment planning of the head‐and‐neck (HAN) radiotherapy. Delineating organs‐at‐risk (OAR) is an essential step in radiotherapy, however, it is time‐consuming and prone to inter‐observer variation. The existing automatic segmentation approaches are either limited by image registration or lack of global spatial awareness, thus under‐performed when dealing with segmentation of complex anatomies. Herein, we propose a full‐scale attention network (FSANet) that integrates bi‐side skip connections, full‐scale feature fusion modules (FFM), a feature pyramid fusion and supervision module (FPFSM) to accurately and efficiently delineate OARs in HAN region on CT and MRI scans. Specifically, bi‐side skip connections were adopted to keep small targets in the deep network and to capture semantic features at different scales. The FFM with cascaded attention mechanisms were used to recalibrate the significant channels and salient regions in the feature maps. The FPFSM was used to guide the network to learn the hierarchical representation so as to improve the segmentation robustness. The proposed algorithm was validated on the public benchmark HAN CT dataset and an in‐house MR dataset. Both results show significant improvement compared to state‐of‐the‐art OAR single‐stage segmentation methods for the HAN region.
An evaluation of lane management strategy for CAV priority in mixed traffic
Authors: Wang Zhengwu , Mi Qi , Xiang Jian , Zhang Zhaolei , Tang Jinjun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe emergence of connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) has the potential to dramatically increase road capacity, and the provision of dedicated lanes for CAVs is a common management strategy to ensure that CAVs take appropriate priority over other vehicles. However, existing models of CAV lane management do not perform well at low CAV market penetration rates. Therefore, a novel model is proposed to address this shortcoming in this paper, and qualified human‐driven vehicles (HDVs) are allowed to enter the CAV priority lane when there is a low CAV penetration rate. A theoretical model is proposed to examine the impacts of three managed lane strategies under mixed traffic and then compare three lane management strategies under different CAV penetration rates and traffic demands. The results show that these lane management strategies can improve throughput, reduce travel time, increase speed, and reduce the variance of the distribution of vehicle speeds under different penetration rates and traffic demands.