bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of antidepressants on functioning and quality of life outcomes in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Teng Teng , Zhang Zhihan , Yin Bangmin , Guo Tingting , Wang Xiaoya , Hu Jiayi , Ran Xin , Dai Qi , Zhou Xinyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFunctioning and quality of life (QOL) are typical outcomes assessed in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD); however, meta-analytical evidence remains scarce. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess functioning and QOL antidepressant outcomes in this population. Eight electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, LILACS, and ProQuest Dissertation Abstracts) were searched for double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to July 31, 2020. RCTs that compared antidepressants with placebo for treating functioning and QOL in children and adolescents with MDD were included. Primary outcomes were mean change scores of functioning and QOL scales from baseline to post-treatment. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to examine whether results were affected by moderator variables (e.g., medication type, age, sample size, and treatment duration). From 7284 publications, we included 17 RCTs (all 17 assessed functioning and 4 assessed QOL outcomes) including 2537 participants. Antidepressants showed significant positive effects on functioning (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.09–0.25, p < 0.0001) but not on QOL (SMD = 0.11, 95% CI = −0.02 to 0.24, p = 0.093), with no significant heterogeneity. The subgroup analysis showed that second-generation antidepressants (especially fluoxetine, escitalopram, and nefazodone), but not first-generation antidepressants, led to significant improvements in functioning. Antidepressants (especially second generation) improve functioning but not QOL in children and adolescents with MDD. However, well-designed clinical studies using large samples are needed to confirm these findings.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Anti-fibrotic mechanism of SPP1 knockdown in atrial fibrosis associates with inhibited mitochondrial DNA damage and TGF-β/SREBP2/PCSK9 signaling
Authors: Du Xianfeng , Liu Ting , Shen Caijie , He Bin , Feng Mingjun , Liu Jing , Zhuo Weidong , Fu Guohua , Wang Binhao , Xu Yanyan , Chu Huimin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAtrial fibrosis occurs frequently with structural heart disease and is considered as a major cause of arrhythmia. Microarray-based profiling predicted the differential expression of SPP1 in atrial fibrosis. Herein, we aimed to analyze the role of shRNA-mediated SPP1 knockdown in the progression of atrial fibrosis as well as the downstream mechanism. In vivo model in mice and in vitro HL-1 cell model of atrial fibrosis were developed by the angiotensin II (Ang II) method, where SPP1 expression was validated by RT-qPCR. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed in Ang II-induced mice and HL-1 cells to evaluate the effect of the SPP1/TGF-β/SREBP2/PCSK9 axis on cell viability, apoptosis, collagen production and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage in atrial fibrosis. Expression of SPP1, TGF-β, SREBP2 and PCSK9 was increased in Ang II-induced mice and HL-1 cells. Silencing of SPP1 inhibited the occurrence of atrial fibrosis, as reflected by attenuated cell viability and collagen production as well as increased cell apoptosis. Conversely, upregulated SPP1 enhanced atrial fibrosis, which was related to upregulation of TGF-β. In addition, TGF-β elevated the expression of SREBP2, which promoted mtDNA damage and the consequent atrial fibrosis by augmenting the expression of PCSK9. This study uncovers previously unrecognized pro-fibrotic activities of SPP1 in atrial fibrosis, which is achieved through activation of the TGF-β/SREBP2/PCSK9 signaling pathway and promotion of mtDNA damage.
Role of the M point phonons for the dynamical stability of B2 compounds
Authors: Ono Shota , Kobayashi Daigo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough many binary compounds have the B2 (CsCl-type) structure in the thermodynamic phase diagram, an origin of the dynamical stability is not understood well. Here, we focus on 416 compounds in the B2 structure extracted from the Materials Project, and study the dynamical stability of those compounds from first principles. We demonstrate that the dynamical stability of the B2 compounds lies in whether the lowest frequency phonons around the M point in the Brillouin zone are endowed with a positive frequency, except for VRu. We show that the interatomic interactions up to the fourth nearest neighbor atoms are necessary for stabilizing such phonon modes, which should determine the minimum cutoff radius for constructing the interatomic potentials of binary compounds with guaranteed accuracy.
Discovery of first-in-class nanomolar inhibitors of heptosyltransferase I reveals a new aminoglycoside target and potential alternative mechanism of action
Authors: Milicaj Jozafina , Hassan Bakar A. , Cote Joy M. , Ramirez-Mondragon Carlos A. , Jaunbocus Nadiya , Rafalowski Angelika , Patel Kaelan R. , Castro Colleen D. , Muthyala Ramaiah , Sham Yuk Y. , Taylor Erika A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA clinically relevant inhibitor for Heptosyltransferase I (HepI) has been sought after for many years because of its critical role in the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharides on bacterial cell surfaces. While many labs have discovered or designed novel small molecule inhibitors, these compounds lacked the bioavailability and potency necessary for therapeutic use. Extensive characterization of the HepI protein has provided valuable insight into the dynamic motions necessary for catalysis that could be targeted for inhibition. Structural inspection of Kdo2-lipid A suggested aminoglycoside antibiotics as potential inhibitors for HepI. Multiple aminoglycosides have been experimentally validated to be first-in-class nanomolar inhibitors of HepI, with the best inhibitor demonstrating a Ki of 600 ± 90 nM. Detailed kinetic analyses were performed to determine the mechanism of inhibition while circular dichroism spectroscopy, intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence, docking, and molecular dynamics simulations were used to corroborate kinetic experimental findings. While aminoglycosides have long been described as potent antibiotics targeting bacterial ribosomes’ protein synthesis leading to disruption of the stability of bacterial cell membranes, more recently researchers have shown that they only modestly impact protein production. Our research suggests an alternative and novel mechanism of action of aminoglycosides in the inhibition of HepI, which directly leads to modification of LPS production in vivo. This finding could change our understanding of how aminoglycoside antibiotics function, with interruption of LPS biosynthesis being an additional and important mechanism of aminoglycoside action. Further research to discern the microbiological impact of aminoglycosides on cells is warranted, as inhibition of the ribosome may not be the sole and primary mechanism of action. The inhibition of HepI by aminoglycosides may dramatically alter strategies to modify the structure of aminoglycosides to improve the efficacy in fighting bacterial infections.
Off-harmonic optical probing of high intensity laser plasma expansion dynamics in solid density hydrogen jets
Authors: Bernert Constantin , Assenbaum Stefan , Brack Florian-Emanuel , Cowan Thomas E. , Curry Chandra B. , Garten Marco , Gaus Lennart , Gauthier Maxence , Göde Sebastian , Goethel Ilja , Glenzer Siegfried H. , Kluge Thomas , Kraft Stephan , Kroll Florian , Kuntzsch Michael , Metzkes-Ng Josefine , Loeser Markus , Obst-Huebl Lieselotte , Rehwald Martin , Schlenvoigt Hans-Peter , Schoenwaelder Christopher , Schramm Ulrich , Siebold Mathias , Treffert Franziska , Ziegler Tim , Zeil Karl 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDue to the non-linear nature of relativistic laser induced plasma processes, the development of laser-plasma accelerators requires precise numerical modeling. Especially high intensity laser-solid interactions are sensitive to the temporal laser rising edge and the predictive capability of simulations suffers from incomplete information on the plasma state at the onset of the relativistic interaction. Experimental diagnostics utilizing ultra-fast optical backlighters can help to ease this challenge by providing temporally resolved inside into the plasma density evolution. We present the successful implementation of an off-harmonic optical probe laser setup to investigate the interaction of a high-intensity laser at $$5.4\times 10^{21}\,\hbox {W/cm}^{2}$$

5.4
×

10
21

W/cm
2

peak intensity with a solid-density cylindrical cryogenic hydrogen jet target of $${5}\,{\upmu }\mathrm{m}$$

5

μ
m

diameter as a target test bed. The temporal synchronization of pump and probe laser, spectral filtering and spectrally resolved data of the parasitic plasma self-emission are discussed. The probing technique mitigates detector saturation by self-emission and allowed to record a temporal scan of shadowgraphy data revealing details of the target ionization and expansion dynamics that were so far not accessible for the given laser intensity. Plasma expansion speeds of up to $$(2.3 \pm 0.4)\times 10^{7}\,\hbox {m/s}$$

(
2.3
±
0.4
)

×

10
7

m/s

followed by full target transparency at $${1.4}\,{\mathrm{ps}}$$

1.4

ps

after the high intensity laser peak are observed. A three dimensional particle-in-cell simulation initiated with the diagnosed target pre-expansion at $${-0.2}\,{\mathrm{ps}}$$

-
0.2

ps

and post processed by ray tracing simulations supports the experimental observations and demonstrates the capability of time resolved optical diagnostics to provide quantitative input and feedback to the numerical treatment within the time frame of the relativistic laser-plasma interaction.
Cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated risk factors among frontline health care workers in Paris: the SEROCOV cohort study
Authors: Hausfater Pierre , Boutolleau David , Lacombe Karine , Beurton Alexandra , Dumont Margaux , Constantin Jean-Michel , Ghosn Jade , Combes Alain , Cury Nicolas , Guedj Romain , Djibré Michel , Bompard Rudy , Mazerand Sandie , Pourcher Valérie , Gimeno Linda , Marois Clémence , Teyssou Elisa , Marcelin Anne-Geneviève , Hajage David , Tubach Florence 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWith the COVID-19 pandemic, documenting whether health care workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 contamination and identifying risk factors is of major concern. In this multicenter prospective cohort study, HCWs from frontline departments were included in March and April 2020 and followed for 3 months. SARS-CoV-2 serology was performed at month 0 (M0), M1, and M3 and RT-PCR in case of symptoms. The primary outcome was laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection at M3. Risk factors of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection at M3 were identified by multivariate logistic regression. Among 1062 HCWs (median [interquartile range] age, 33 [28–42] years; 758 [71.4%] women; 321 [30.2%] physicians), the cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection at M3 was 14.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] [12.5; 16.9]). Risk factors were the working department specialty, with increased risk for intensive care units (odds ratio 1.80, 95% CI [0.38; 8.58]), emergency departments (3.91 [0.83; 18.43]) and infectious diseases departments (4.22 [0.92; 18.28]); current smoking was associated with reduced risk (0.36 [0.21; 0.63]). Age, sex, professional category, number of years of experience in the job or department, and public transportation use were not significantly associated with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection at M3. The rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection in frontline HCWs was 14.6% at the end of the first COVID-19 wave in Paris and occurred mainly early. The study argues for an origin of professional in addition to private life contamination and therefore including HCWs in the first-line vaccination target population. It also highlights that smokers were at lower risk.Trial registration The study has been registered on ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04304690 first registered on 11/03/2020.
Conus branch artery utilization in percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion
Authors: Meng Shih-Wei , Huang Ching-Chang , Lee Chih-Kuo , Chen Chun-Kai , Yeh Chih-Fan , Chen Ying-Hsien , Lin Mao-Shin , Kao Hsien-Li 
Published: May 2022

AbstractData on the prevalence of conus branch artery (CBA) is scarce, and its utilization in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO) is non-existing. The present study examined carefully in a large cohort the angiographic prevalence of CBA, its role as a collateral channel for the occlusion, and the potential usage of CBA in contemporary CTO PCI. We retrospectively examined consecutive CTO PCIs from our database between 2016 and 2019. All CTO PCIs were evaluated and the results with complications were recorded to determine the prevalence and utilization of CBA. From January 2016 to December 2019, a total of 556 CTO PCI attempts in 546 patients by high-volume operators were enrolled. The clinical, angiographic, and procedural details were collected. CBA was identifiable in 85.3% of these patients, and CBA providing visible collaterals connected to CTO distal lumen was found in 27.8% of patients. 84 CBA were used for balloon anchoring, 17 for selective distal true lumen visualization, and 9 as actual retrograde interventional collateral channel during CTO PCI. Only 1 patient suffered from chest pain during CBA balloon anchoring, and no other procedural complication such as arrhythmia or perforation occurred.CBA is frequently seen in coronary CTO. Its existence provided potential for various CTO PCI technique applications, without increase in risk.
Backward and forward neck tilt affects perceptual bias when interpreting ambiguous figures
Authors: Sato Fumiaki , Shiomoto Ryoya , Nakauchi Shigeki , Minami Tetsuto 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe relationships between posture and perception have already been investigated in several studies. However, it is still unclear how perceptual bias and experiential contexts of human perception affect observers’ perception when posture is changed. In this study, we hypothesized that a change in the perceptual probability caused by perceptual bias also depends on posture. In order to verify this hypothesis, we used the Necker cube with two types of appearance, from above and below, although the input is constant, and investigated the change of the probability of perceptual content. Specifically, we asked observers their perception of the appearance of the Necker cube placed at any of the five angles in the space of virtual reality. There were two patterns of neck movement, vertical and horizontal. During the experiment, pupil diameter, one of the cognitive indices, was also measured. Results showed that during the condition of looking down vertically, the probability of the viewing-from-above perception of the Necker cube was significantly greater than during the condition of looking up. Interestingly, the pupillary results were also consistent with the probability of the perception. These results indicate that perception was modulated by the posture of the neck and suggest that neck posture is incorporated into ecological constraints.
One-step nucleic acid amplification for intraoperative diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in lung cancer patients: a single-center prospective study
Authors: Namba Kei , Suzawa Ken , Shien Kazuhiko , Miura Akihiro , Takahashi Yuta , Miyauchi Shunsaku , Araki Kota , Nakata Kentaro , Tomida Shuta , Tanaka Shin , Miyoshi Kentaroh , Otani Shinji , Yamamoto Hiromasa , Okazaki Mikio , Sugimoto Seiichiro , Soh Junichi , Yamane Masaomi , Toyooka Shinichi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOne-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) is a rapid intraoperative molecular detection technique for sentinel node assessment via the quantitative measurement of target cytokeratin 19 (CK19) mRNA to determine the presence of metastasis. It has been validated in breast cancer but its application in lung cancer has not been adequately investigated. 214 LNs from 105 patients with 100 primary lung cancers, 2 occult primary lung tumors, and 3 metastatic lung tumors, who underwent surgical lung resection with LN dissection between February 2018 and January 2020, were assessed. Resected LNs were divided into two parts: one was snap-frozen for OSNA and the other underwent rapidly frozen histological examination. Intraoperatively collected LNs were evaluated by OSNA using loop-mediated isothermal amplification and compared with intraoperative pathological diagnosis as a control. Among 214 LNs, 14 were detected as positive by OSNA, and 11 were positive by both OSNA and intraoperative pathological diagnosis. The sensitivity and specificity of OSNA was 84.6% and 98.5%, respectively. The results of 5 of 214 LNs were discordant, and the remainder all matched (11 positive and 198 negative) with a concordance rate of 97.7%. Although the analysis of public mRNA expression data from cBioPortal showed that CK19 expression varies greatly depending on the cancer type and histological subtype, the results of the five cases, except for primary lung cancer, were consistent. OSNA provides sufficient diagnostic accuracy and speed and can be applied to the intraoperative diagnosis of LN metastasis for non-small cell lung cancer.
Quantitative EEG may predict weaning failure in ventilated patients on the neurological intensive care unit
Authors: Welte Tamara M. , Gabriel Maria , Hopfengärtner Rüdiger , Rampp Stefan , Gollwitzer Stephanie , Lang Johannes D. , Stritzelberger Jenny , Reindl Caroline , Madžar Dominik , Sprügel Maximilian I. , Huttner Hagen B. , Kuramatsu Joji B. , Schwab Stefan , Hamer Hajo M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNeurocritical patients suffer from a substantial risk of extubation failure. The aim of this prospective study was to analyze if quantitative EEG (qEEG) monitoring is able to predict successful extubation in these patients. We analyzed EEG-monitoring for at least six hours before extubation in patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV) on our neurological intensive care unit (NICU) between November 2017 and May 2019. Patients were divided in 2 groups: patients with successful extubation (SE) versus patients with complications after MV withdrawal (failed extubation; FE), including reintubation, need for non-invasive ventilation (NIV) or death. Bipolar six channel EEG was applied. Unselected raw EEG signal underwent automated artefact rejection and Short Time Fast Fourier Transformation. The following relative proportions of global EEG spectrum were analyzed: relative beta (RB), alpha (RA), theta (RT), delta (RD) as well as the alpha delta ratio (ADR). Coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated as a measure of fluctuations in the different power bands. Mann–Whitney U test and logistic regression were applied to analyze group differences. 52 patients were included (26 male, mean age 65 ± 17 years, diagnosis: 40% seizures/status epilepticus, 37% ischemia, 13% intracranial hemorrhage, 10% others). Successful extubation was possible in 40 patients (77%), reintubation was necessary in 6 patients (12%), 5 patients (10%) required NIV, one patient died. In contrast to FE patients, SE patients showed more stable EEG power values (lower CV) considering all EEG channels (RB:p < 0.0005; RA:p = 0.045; RT:p = 0.045) with RB as an independent predictor of weaning success in logistic regression (p = 0.004). The proportion of the EEG frequency bands (RB, RA RT, RD) of the entire EEG power spectrum was not significantly different between SE and FE patients. Higher fluctuations in qEEG frequency bands, reflecting greater fluctuation in alertness, during the hours before cessation of MV were associated with a higher rate of complications after extubation in this cohort. The stability of qEEG power values may represent a non-invasive, examiner-independent parameter to facilitate weaning assessment in neurocritical patients.
Invasions of an obligate asexual daphnid species support the nearly neutral theory
Authors: Ohtsuki Hajime , Norimatsu Hirotomo , Makino Takashi , Urabe Jotaro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo verify the “nearly neutral theory (NNT),” the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions (dN/dS) was compared among populations of different species. To determine the validity of NNT, however, populations that are genetically isolated from each other but share the same selection agents and differ in size should be compared. Genetically different lineages of obligate asexual Daphnia pulex invading Japan from North America are an ideal example as they satisfy these prerequisites. Therefore, we analyzed the whole-genome sequences of 18 genotypes, including those of the two independently invaded D. pulex lineages (JPN1 and JPN2) and compared the dN/dS ratio between the lineages. The base substitution rate of each genotype demonstrated that the JPN1 lineage having a larger distribution range diverged earlier and thus was older than the JPN2 lineage. Comparisons of the genotypes within lineages revealed that changes in dN/dS occurred after the divergence and were larger in the younger lineage, JPN2. These results imply that the JPN1 lineage has been more effectively subjected to purification selections, while slightly deteriorating mutations are less purged in JPN2 with smaller population size. Altogether, the lineage-specific difference in the dN/dS ratio for the obligate asexual D. pulex was well explained by the NNT.
The transcription factor complex LMO2/TAL1 regulates branching and endothelial cell migration in sprouting angiogenesis
Authors: Yamada Yoshihiro , Zhong Yi , Miki Shiho , Taura Akiko , Rabbitts Terence H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe transcription factor complex, consisting of LMO2, TAL1 or LYL1, and GATA2, plays an important role in capillary sprouting by regulating VEGFR2, DLL4, and angiopoietin 2 in tip cells. Overexpression of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor LYL1 in transgenic mice results in shortened tails. This phenotype is associated with vessel hyperbranching and a relative paucity of straight vessels due to DLL4 downregulation in tip cells by forming aberrant complex consisting of LMO2 and LYL1. Knockdown of LMO2 or TAL1 inhibits capillary sprouting in spheroid-based angiogenesis assays, which is associated with decreased angiopoietin 2 secretion. In the same assay using mixed TAL1- and LYL1-expressing endothelial cells, TAL1 was found to be primarily located in tip cells, while LYL1-expressing cells tended to occupy the stalk position in sprouts by upregulating VEGFR1 than TAL1. Thus, the interaction between LMO2 and TAL1 in tip cells plays a key role in angiogenic switch of sprouting angiogenesis.