bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany: Results From the DPV Registry
Authors: Kamrath Clemens , Rosenbauer Joachim , Eckert Alexander J. , Siedler Kai , Bartelt Heike , Klose Daniela , Sindichakis Marina , Herrlinger Silke , Lahn Valentina , Holl Reinhard W. 
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Germany compared with previous years.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Based on data from the multicenter German Diabetes Prospective Follow-up Registry, we analyzed the incidence of type 1 diabetes per 100,000 patient-years in children and adolescents from 1 January 2020 through 30 June 2021. Using Poisson regression models, expected incidences for 2020/21 were estimated based on the data from 2011 to 2019 and compared with observed incidences in 2020/21 by estimating incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% CIs.

RESULTS
From 1 January 2020 to 30 June 2021, 5,162 children and adolescents with new-onset type 1 diabetes in Germany were registered. The observed incidence in 2020/21 was significantly higher than the expected incidence (24.4 [95% CI 23.6–25.2] vs. 21.2 [20.5–21.9]; IRR 1.15 [1.10–1.20]; P &lt; 0.001). IRRs were significantly elevated in June 2020 (IRR 1.43 [1.07–1.90]; P = 0.003), July 2020 (IRR 1.48 [1.12–1.96]; P &lt; 0.001), March 2021 (IRR 1.29 [1.01–1.65]; P = 0.028), and June 2021 (IRR 1.39 [1.04–1.85]; P = 0.010).

CONCLUSIONS
A significant increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in children was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a delay in the peak incidence of type 1 diabetes by ∼3 months after the peak COVID-19 incidence and also after pandemic containment measures. The underlying causes are yet unknown. However, indirect rather than direct effects of the pandemic are more likely to be the cause.
Sustainable and preservative historic garden management
Authors: Bálint Krisztina , Nagy Ildikó Réka Báthoryné 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The restoration of historic gardens in Hungary puts an increasing responsibility on the shoulders of management. The use of what might be termed as “traditional horticultural approach” significantly increases the needs and costs of garden maintenance. But if we do not fulfil this task, heritage value can be lost and the former restoration efforts can become futile. Today’s challenge is to find a balance between these two issues. This study aims to develop the scientific foundations for practical solutions.
Assessment of Legality of Anti-Terrorist Screening of Job Seekers Under EU Law and National Law. A Theoretical and Practical Approach
Authors: Žuľová Jana , Švec Marek 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The aim of the scientific paper is to identify employer’s options when engaging in anti-terrorist screening of future employees and to assess the compliance of such a procedure with the relevant European and national legislation. Through the use of qualitative scientific methods such as the analytical-descriptive method, comparison, critical analysis, induction, deduction, and synthesis of the acquired knowledge, the authors draw attention to a different approach to choosing appropriate legal bases for processing relevant information about employees, including different approach to labour law and the personal data protection law. The analysis of the principle of legality of personal data processing in the framework of anti-terrorist screening of job seekers takes into account a specific position of the job seeker as a weaker party to the prospective employment agreement.
Religious imperatives as a correlate of the development of human potential and the economic capital of society
Authors: Karpiak Maria , Shparyk Khrystyna 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work: This article studies the role of religion in economic development. Even though it is obvious that religion plays a vital role in economic development because a healthy economy requires that all people view one another with dignity, there are still some questions which need to be answered like – why wealthier nations trend/tend to be less religious, and does economic development (as a matter of fact) cause individuals to become less religious in today’s world?

Materials and methods: The research is based on universal methods of formal logic and scientific abstraction, basics of innovation science, investment science and institutional economics, systemic, structural-functional and synergetic approaches as well as information sources of the World Economic Forum.

Results: The authors’ hypothesis about the influence of religion and religious values which stands behind rapid economic growth is shown to be substantiated.

Conclusions: In conclusion, we can state that there is strong negative correlation between GDP per capita and the importance of religion in the state, but, on the other hand, in most societies religious values were the main push factor of economic growth.
The Development of Industrial Activity in Tomar: a Study on the Unpublished Document of Bernardo Daniel de Moraes Requirement
Authors: Marques Clara 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The exploration of the Nabão River in Tomar, Portugal, and its resources was an exclusive right of the Order of Christ, and it was constantly evoked by the religious of this order when there were disputes over the right to build water wheels, mills, and other structures along the river. This singular relation of power over the territory led to also a unique urban occupation in the Portuguese panorama. These interactions of power were documented in the unpublished manuscript of “Bernardo Daniel de Moraes’ Requirement” of the year 1799. The manuscript allows to cross boundaries between the political, economic and social context and the Order of Christ and their impact on the use of the Nabão River. Therefore, with this document as main source for this paper, we seek to demonstrate the relations between industrial activity, the Nabão River and the development of the city of Tomar in the turn to the nineteenth century, having the Order of Christ as a constant and structuring element in this gear.
Oxygen and Silicon Ion Particles Induce Neoplastic Transformation in Human Colonic Epithelial Cells
Authors: Kim Sang Bum , Zhang Lu , Shay Jerry W. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
High charge (Z) and energy (E) (HZE) particles in deep space have significantly contributed to the biological effects of space radiation, although they only account for less than 1% of the galactic cosmic rays (GCR) particle fluxes. Previously we have shown that combined radiation exposure of 2-Gy proton (1H) followed by 0.5-Gy iron (56Fe) ion particles increase transformation in human colonic epithelial cells (HCEC CT7). The present study was undertaken to characterize if additional HZE ions, such as oxygen (16O) and silicon (28Si) particles, also result in increased cell transformation. HCEC CT7 cells irradiated with 1-Gy 16O (250 MeV/nucleon), followed 24 hours later by 1-Gy 28Si particle (300 MeV/nucleon), showed an increase in proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, migration, and invasion abilities compared to unirradiated controls. In addition, we found that the β-catenin pathway was activated and that subsets of DNA repair genes were under-expressed in these transformed cells. Pretreatment with the radioprotector, CDDO-Me, 18 hours before and during irradiation prevented the HZE-induced transformation. These results can be interpreted to suggest that the mixed radiation exposure of 16O followed by 28Si has carcinogenic potential. Importantly, this transformation can be protected by CDDO-Me pre-treatment.
Interpretation of Backlit Droplet Images from ISS Droplet Combustion Experiments
Authors: Yu Fei , Shaw Benjamin D. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Backlit droplet images are evaluated for droplet combustion experiments that have been performed on the International Space Station. The focus of the present analyses is on non-sooting or lightly-sooting droplets. The influences of diffraction, interference, and partial coherence on droplet images are considered via Fourier optics modeling. It is found that light diffraction at the droplet edge can contribute significantly to errors in droplet size measurements. Other error sources include background light variations and partial coherence effects. An image-processing algorithm is proposed to account for the effects of diffraction, partial coherence, and background light variations on measurements of droplet sizes.
Study of Initial Colonization by Environmental Microorganisms in the Russian Segment of the International Space Station (ISS)
Authors: Reidt Ulrich , Helwig Andreas , Plobner Lutz , Lugmayr Veronika , Treutlein Ulrich , Kharin Sergey , Smirnov Yuri , Novikova Natalia , Lenic Joachim , Fetter Viktor , Hummel Thomas 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
In this report, we describe the initial colonization of environmental microorganisms associated with ISS on four different materials (Nomex, cable labeling material, printed circuit board, and aluminum), which are commonly used at the ISS. Material substrates were placed in the Russian segment of the ISS in a Target Book for 135 days. After the incubation, the Target Book was analyzed on Earth by determining colony-forming units and identifying the microorganisms by rRNA gene sequencing. The highest cell concentrations and widest biological diversity were on the polymer materials, such as Nomex and cable labeling material. Additional molecular biological identification revealed the following organisms as typical pioneer microorganisms: Staphylococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Streptococcus spp., Cladosporium spp., Sphingomonas spp., Micrococcus luteus, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
Temporal development of stem rot caused by Athelia rolfsii in peanut fields in Iran
Authors: Amirkyaei Gh. A. , Mousanejad S. , Safaie N. , Khodaparast S.A. 
Published: January 2022

Summary
Stem rot caused by Athelia rolfsii (syn. Sclerotium rolfsii), is an important disease of peanut in Iran. Soil samples were collected from 15 peanut fields before the 2014 growing season in Guilan province, Iran and the viable sclerotia were counted using the soil-tray technique. The 15 selected fields were also evaluated for disease incidence at three intervals during the growing seasons of 2013 and 2014. The disease incidence at the end of the growing season ranged from 0 to 29.3% and from 0 to 45% in 2013 and 2014, respectively, depending on the field. The disease progress model, which was introduced for each field based on the disease incidence, showed good fitness with the monomolecular model in both years, but especially in 2014. Disease severity was evaluated in three out of the 15 peanut fields at three intervals during the growing season of 2014. The monomolecular model could describe more than 88% of the data. There was a significant linear relationship between the disease incidence or severity at the end of the growing season and the inoculum density in the soil. A positive linear relationship was also observed between the disease progress rate and the inoculum density.
Determinants of De Jure – De Facto Exchange Rate Regime Gaps
Authors: Dudzich Viktar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates inconsistencies between countries’ official exchange rate regime declarations (the so-called de jure exchange rate regimes) and their actual policy (de facto exchange rate regimes). These exchange rate regime gaps decrease the credibility of monetary policy and are considered an overall negative economic phenomenon. In this paper, I attempt to disclose the determinants of these gaps using the data on several de facto classifications and a wide array of explanatory variables of economic and institutional nature. The results suggest that a number of macroeconomic factors such as foreign exchange reserves, current account balance and economic openness influence the probability of monetary authorities breaking commitment to their official exchange rate regime. At the same time, I also discover that the exchange rate regime gaps are less frequent in more democratic and institutionally advanced countries although the results tend to differ depending on the de facto classification used and the nature of gap (either de jure floating – de facto fixed or de jure fixed – de facto floating).
The most common examples of financial fraud in Bosnia and Herzegovina: A practical insight
Authors: Lalić Srđan , Jovičić Željana , Bošnjaković Tanja 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to shed light on the two most common examples of financial fraud, which occur in most businesses in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The causes and consequences of the mentioned financial frauds will be analyzed, as well as the reasons why they were not procedurally discovered in time. The first example is related to the inflow of money from abroad, which creates doubts about merits, while the second example is related to the presentation of operating losses and reduced tax liabilities of related legal entities. Each of the examples will be analyzed in detail in terms of the causes of financial fraud, the manner of their implementation, the relevant accounting records, and finally the manner of their detection.
Entrepreneurial Desire for Outmigration: A Validated Measure
Authors: Schill Ryan , Andrade Maureen , Miller Ron , Schill Angela , Benson David 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to understand the personal and inter- personal pressures entrepreneurial individuals feel to pursue opportunities out- side their home country.

Methodology: Entrepreneurs in Mexico were given a survey regarding personal and interpersonal pressures to out migrate.

Findings: Exploratory factor analysis showed three valid factors for outmigration: personal preference, social pressure, and perception of opportunities.

Value Added: The instrument developed offers an overall Outmigration Tendency (OT) score which can provide valuable insight into why entrepreneurs choose to emigrate. This appears to be the first instrument to measure outmigration pressure and to be validated internationally.

Recommendations: The tendency score resulting from the survey can help researchers and policy makers understand the likelihood of a worker leaving his/her country to seek work opportunities elsewhere.
Perbandingan Metode Multichannel Analysis of Surface Wave dan Metode Cone Penetration Test Terhadap Analisis Lapisan Tanah
Authors: Hasya Cut Atika , Khaizal Khaizal , Irwandi Irwandi 
Published: January 2022

Analisis lapisan tanah yang dilakukan di lapangan salah satunya, metode Cone Penetration Test (CPT) yang menghasilkan parameter utama nilai tahanan ujung konus (qc). Sedangkan, metode Multichannel Analysis of Surface Wave (MASW) adalah metode dari bidang ilmu geofisika untuk menganalisis lapisan tanah yang dapat menghasilkan parameter kecepatan gelombang geser (Vs). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan parameter gelombang geser (Vs) MASW dan parameter tahanan ujung CPT untuk menganalisis lapisan tanah serta membandingkan hasil dari kedua metode tersebut terhadap karakteristik lapisan tanah sebagai perencanaan pondasi bangunan sipil. Akuisisi data dilakukan di TPI (Tempat Pendaratan Ikan) Lampulo, Kecamatan Kuta Alam. Hasil penelitian pada pengukuran MASW didapatkan nilai Vs sebesar 70 - 130 m/s. Berdasarkan SNI 1726-2012, tanah pada lokasi penelitian termasuk ke dalam kategori Tanah Lunak (SE). Data CPT yang telah dikorelasikan meggunakan persamaan empiris menjadi nilai Vs menunjukkan hasil yang relatif sama dengan klasifikasi tanah pada MASW. Jenis pondasi yang sesuai diterapkan pada lokasi penelitian adalah pondasi tiang karena letak tanah keras berada pada kedalaman lebih dari 10 meter dibawah permukaan tanah.
DETERMINATION OF ATTRACTION BASED ON THE LAYER OF THE REGION ROAD MR. TEUKU MOH. HASAN
Authors: Ziak Zafirul , Fadhly Noer , Caisarina Irin 
Published: January 2022

The spatial structure of Banda Aceh City with the strategy of developing Banda Aceh RTRW 2009-2029 describes city activities in a schematic manner, namely divided into old city centers and new city centers. The new city center is centered in the Batoh or Lamdom area which administratively will serve Lueng Bata and Baiturrahman sub-districts.The formulation of the problem is how the relationship between land use and trip generation on Teuku Moh. Hasan Street East side Hasan. In order to know the capacity and land use influence which is caused to the road, it is necessary to know the capacity, volume, and factors causing the attraction and generation at the location. The results of data collection and processing obtained from the capacity Teuku Moh. Hasan Street is 2696.1 smp/hour. The generation model obtained in layer 1 of the research location which is a commercial land use is Y = -0.629 + 0.056 X2 + 1.002 X3, for layer 2 the research location which is a residential land use is Y = 0.409 + 1.179 X1 + 0.588 X3 + 0.440 X5 and layer 3 research locations which are residential land use are Y = -1.057 + 1.796 X1 + 0.408 X2.Keywords: trip generation and attraction, land use, regression method
PERBAIKAN JOINT KOLOM BALOK DENGAN FEROSEMEN YANG DIBEBANI SIKLIK SESUAI DENGAN PBI 1971
Authors: Irsyad Muhammad Faiz , Araby Muhammad Zardan , Mahlil Mahlil 
Published: January 2022

Daerah joint balok dan kolom merupakan bagian yang kritis dalam menahan gempa, karena terjadi momen geser yang besar pada bagian joint yang dapat menimbulkan kerusakan dan keruntuhan sebuah struktur bangunan. Oleh karena itu, perlu upaya perbaikan struktur dengan metode yang sesuai. Salah satu alternatif perbaikan yang dapat digunakan yaitu dengan mengaplikasikan bahan ferosemen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perilaku joint balok kolom berdasarkan PBI 1971 akibat beban siklik setelah perbaikan dengan bahan ferosemen. Objek penelitian merupakan joint balok kolom standar PBI 1971 di mana pada bagian joint tidak menggunakan tulangan geser, sehingga diperlukan upaya perbaikan struktur. Penelitian ini menggunakan benda uji berbentuk joint balok kolom dengan ukuran balok 30×40×120 cm dan ukuran kolom 30×30×200 cm. Perbaikan dilakukan dengan melekatkan ferosemen pada daerah joint. Pengujian dilakukan dengan pembebanan siklik secara tekan dan tarik dengan arah lateral terhadap balok. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian penambahan ferosemen pada daerah joint balok kolom PBI 1971 didapatkan beban tekan maksimum sebesar 7,86 tf dan beban tarik maksimum sebesar 7,37 tf dan faktor daktilitas didapat sebesar 10,83.
Art, the Ancient Spirit of ‘Gotong Royong’, and The Global Pandemic Village
Authors: Hakim Salima 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAccording to the World Giving Index, a study done by the Charities Aid Foundation that provides insights into the global trends of generosity, Indonesia has taken the top position of the chart and was named 2020’s most charitable country in the world. The notion of communality, consensus and collectivity, also known in Javanese as gotong royong or mutual assistance, a prominent characteristic associated with the traditional village life, appeared to also transpire within the global village. As we are universally connected through the digital world and are collectively experiencing a global pandemic where all art activities came to a halt, it is important to look further into how art adapted to these sudden changes and limitations of circumstances. Using a cultural studies approach and virtual ethnography data collecting, this paper will seek to examine how several online art initiatives try to embody the spirit of collectivity, using artworks as a tool of activism to help others survive the pandemic and at the same time reimagining the notion of gotong royong that can persist in the digital village that functions as a form of collective belonging to the concept of a nation. Aktivitas Seni sebagai Medium Gotong Royong di Era PandemiAbstrakMenurut World Giving Index, sebuah studi yang dilakukan oleh the Charities Aid Foundation yang memberikan wawasan tentang tren global kedermawanan, Indonesia menempati posisi teratas dan dinobatkan sebagai negara paling dermawan tahun 2020 di dunia. Gagasan komunalitas, konsensus dan kolektivitas, yang juga dikenal dalam bahasa Jawa sebagai gotong royong, karakteristik yang diasosiasikan dengan tradisi dan kehidupan wilayah desa, tampak juga terjadi di dalam desa virtual. Karena kita terhubung secara universal melalui dunia digital dan secara kolektif sedang mengalami pandemi global di mana semua kegiatan seni terhenti, penting untuk melihat lebih jauh bagaimana seni beradaptasi dengan perubahan dan keterbatasan keadaan yang terjadi. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kajian budaya dan pengumpulan data etnografi virtual, makalah ini akan mencoba mengkaji bagaimana beberapa inisiatif seni daring mencoba untuk mewujudkan semangat kolektivitas, menggunakan karya seni sebagai alat aktivisme yang dapat membantu orang lain dalam kondisi pandemi, dan di saat yang sama kembali membayangkan gagasan gotong royong di desa digital sebagai usaha untuk menjadi bagian dari konsep sebuah bangsa.