bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amplified Intraindividual Variability in Motor Performance in Stroke Survivors: Links to Cognitive and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Delmas Stefan , Tiwari Anjali , Tseng Han‐Yun , Poisson Sharon N. , Diehl Manfred , Lodha Neha 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundIntraindividual variability (IIV) in motor performance reflects unintentional fluctuations in the motor output across repeated attempts. Behavioral variability in older adults has been linked to impaired neuronal integrity and cognitive decline. Despite this, the traditional motor assessments in stroke have neglected to characterize IIV in motor performance also known as “motor inconsistency.” Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of stroke on motor inconsistency and its relationship with cognitive and clinical outcomes.MethodsSixty‐six stroke survivors and 32 healthy older adults performed 30 trials of a goal‐directed task to match a force‐time target of 10 N in 180 ms. To measure motor inconsistency, we applied a well‐established approach to measuring IIV from the cognitive aging literature that accounts for the inherent, systematic effects of practice and mean‐level performance on IIV. In addition, participants completed domain‐specific cognitive evaluations and global clinical assessments. Domain‐specific cognitive evaluations assessed episodic memory, visuospatial processing, processing speed, and executive function. Global clinical assessments included years of education as a proxy of cognitive reserve, the Dementia Rating Scale‐2 (DRS‐2), ankle strength, and the Modified Rankin Score (mRS).ResultsStroke survivors exhibited greater motor inconsistency compared with healthy older adults. Declines in domain‐specific cognitive function, particularly executive dysfunction, predicted motor inconsistency in stroke survivors. Cognitive reserve and mRS emerged as significant predictors of motor inconsistency.ConclusionsStroke significantly impairs the ability to perform a motor task with consistency. Compromised executive function following stroke is associated with increased motor inconsistency. Interestingly, reduced cognitive reserve and greater functional disability are linked to increased motor inconsistency in stroke survivors. These findings highlight that inconsistency is an important indicator of motor dysfunction following stroke that is linked to cognitive and clinical outcomes and may serve as an important target for stroke rehabilitation.
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Older Asian, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islanders Lung Cancer Survivors
Authors: Pan Yancen , Chang Chun‐Pin Esther , Tao Randa , Daud Anees , Shen Jincheng , Wong Nathan D. , Nianogo Roch A. , Rao Jianyu , Varghese Thomas , Zhang Zuo‐Feng , Hashibe Mia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere may be heterogeneity in lung cancer‐related outcomes for individuals who are Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islanders (ANHPI).ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to investigate possible disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk between ANHPI and Non‐Hispanic White (NHW) lung cancer survivors and evaluate potential CVD risk factors.MethodsA total of 3920 ANHPI and 11,760 NHW lung cancer patients aged 66 years and older were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare registry from 1999 to 2017. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for incident CVD, comparing ANHPI lung cancer patients and their race/ethnicity subgroups to NHW lung cancer patients.ResultsCompared to NHW lung cancer patients, ANHPI lung cancer patients had a lower risk of developing heart failure (HR, 0.64, 95% CI, 0.53–0.76) and ischemic heart disease (HR, 0.76, 95% CI, 0.60–0.95). Additionally, compared to Chinese lung cancer patients, Pacific Islander, South Asian, and Southeast Asian lung cancer patients had a higher risk of heart failure.ConclusionWhile ANHPI lung cancer patients had lower risks of heart failure and ischemic heart disease than NHW lung cancer patients, heterogeneity in risk was observed among ANHPI subgroups. Further research is needed to investigate the reasons for the higher risk of several CVDs among Pacific Islander, South Asian, and Southeast Asian lung cancer patients.
How Causal Attributions for Income Status Moderate the Link Between Income and Subjective Well‐Being
Authors: Zhao Qin , Chen Tao 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHuman beings tend to seek causal explanations for whatever happens to or around them. In the present research, we examined how causal attributions for income status impact the relationships between personal income status and subjective well‐being in American samples. In Study 1, participants' income‐attribution types were assessed, whereas in Study 2, participants were randomly assigned to one of three priming conditions about the causes of income status: individualistic, structural vs. luck attributions. The results of both studies showed that higher income status was linked to less perceived deprivation and greater life satisfaction for participants with (or primed with) structural attributions; however, these income effects were reduced (Study 1) or insignificant (Study 2) for participants with (or primed with) individualistic attributions. Moreover, Study 2 found that the income effects were the strongest for participants primed with luck attributions among the three attribution groups. The results suggest that as the sense of control reduces, the associations between income and well‐being increase. The research sheds light on how meaning systems, such as attributional beliefs, moderate people's psychological responses to income status, which could then help explain or predict different behavioural responses. The practical implications of the present research were also discussed.
Avascular Necrosis Complicated by Osteomyelitis in a Lupus Patient With Active Renal Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Mohammad Nejadhosseinian , Pouya Hadighi , Leila Aghaghazvini , Monirsadat Hakemi , Reza Atef Yekta , Maassoumeh Akhlaghi , Hoda Kavosi , Majid Alikhani , Maryam Loghman , Samira Salehi , Mohammad Ali Mozaffari , Mazyar Babagoli , Taghva Nakhjiri Mobina , Seyedeh Tahereh Faezi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis case highlights the importance of taking Systemic Lupus Erythematosus seriously and its possible concurrent musculoskeletal complications, as they can have significant health implications. Consulting and encouraging patients to adhere to the treatment is crucial. Although this case survived osteomyelitis without amputation, this outcome is rare and cannot be generalized.
A Case of Trimethoprim‐Sulfamethoxazole Associated Aseptic Meningitis
Authors: Khan Malik W. Z. , Moeez Abdul , Farooq Sameen , Saeed Adam , Qudrat Salma , Ali Farishta , Khan Faheemullah 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMost cases of aseptic meningitis, or nonsuppurative meningitis, are caused by viruses or systemic diseases. Nonetheless, drug‐induced aseptic meningitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis, particularly with the recent use of antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs. We describe a case of meningitis associated with the use of Trimethoprim‐Sulfamethoxazole (TMP‐SMX) in a 72‐year‐old male with comorbidities. A 72‐year‐old male with a history of diabetes, hypertension, Parkinson's disease, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and a recent use of TMP‐SMX for a urinary tract infection (UTI) presented with altered mental status, neck rigidity, tachycardia, and a fever of 102.8°F. CT scan of the head and abdomen and chest x‐ray revealed no significant findings. Empiric treatment with ampicillin, vancomycin, acyclovir, and ceftriaxone was initiated after two failed attempts at lumbar puncture, resulting in the improvement of all symptoms except for altered mental status within 24 h. Analysis of CSF, obtained via a successful subsequent lumbar puncture, was negative for microorganisms. The patient was labeled as a case of TMP‐SMX‐induced aseptic meningitis (TSIAM) due to the recent use of the drug for UTI. All the antibiotics and antivirals were discontinued, and all his symptoms resolved within 5 days of presentation. TSIAM is a diagnosis of exclusion, and a low threshold of suspicion should be maintained when CSF microscopy and culture show no microorganisms. This case illustrates the significance of prompt recognition of TSIAM and highlights the importance of thorough history‐taking in preventing complications associated with drug‐induced aseptic meningitis, thereby improving patient outcomes.
Hyperthyroidism‐Induced Nondiabetic Ketoacidosis: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Battikh Elias , Mostafa Sherif , Alfar Hadeel , Obaid Koutaibah , Ahmed Ashraf I. , Sawaf Bisher , Al‐Mohanadi Dabia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHyperthyroidism, marked by excess thyroid hormones (T4 and T3), presents with symptoms like palpitations, heat intolerance, anxiety, and weight loss despite a normal or increased appetite. Diagnosis involves low serum TSH levels and elevated free T4 and/or T3. Rarely, hyperthyroidism can lead to nondiabetic ketoacidosis (NDKA). This report describes a 40‐year‐old woman with palpitations, chest discomfort, heat intolerance, insomnia, and significant weight loss. Laboratory tests showed severely suppressed TSH, elevated free T4 and T3, and high anion gap metabolic acidosis with elevated ketone levels. She was diagnosed with hyperthyroidism‐induced NDKA. Hyperthyroidism can promote lipolysis and ketogenesis, potentially leading to NDKA. Though uncommon, it is essential for clinicians to consider hyperthyroidism in NDKA cases when common causes are excluded. Our patient's symptoms significantly improved with propranolol and carbimazole treatment. This case emphasizes the importance of recognizing hyperthyroidism as a potential cause of NDKA. Appropriate diagnosis and treatment with antithyroid medications can lead to complete symptom resolution and normalization of biochemical markers.
The First‐Principles Study on the Mechanism of the RWGS Reaction Catalyzed by Pt1@CeO2‐x(110) Single‐Atom Catalyst
Authors: Gai Ying , Li Shilong , Wang Haohao , Pu Min , Lei Ming 
Published: February 2025

CeO2 exhibits superior catalytic activity and selectivity in the reverse water‐gas shift (RWGS) reaction when combined with transition metals. Herein, a density functional theory (DFT) study was conducted to systematically investigate the mechanism of the RWGS reaction catalyzed by a Pt1/CeO2‐x(110) single‐atom catalyst. The dominant pathways for the H2 dissociation and the oxygen vacancy (VO) formation on Pt1/CeO2(110) surfaces, as well as for the H2 dissociation on Pt1/CeO2‐x(110) surfaces, were elucidated. The RWGS reaction pathways involving linear and bent CO2 adsorption on the Pt1/CeO2‐x(110) surface were explored, including the conventional redox mechanism, formate (HCOO) pathway, and carboxyl (COOH) pathway. The COOH pathway for linearly adsorbed CO2 (li‐CO2*→COOH*→CO*+OH*→CO*+H2O*) was found to be the most favorable route for the CO production. The rate‐determining step of the overall reaction is the dissociation of COOH* (COOH*→CO*+OH*), which has a relatively low activation barrier of 0.65 eV. These findings not only provide valuable theoretical insights into the catalytic performance of CeO2‐based materials in the RWGS reaction but also enhance the understanding of its reaction mechanisms.
Fv‐SFL: A Contrastive Learning‐Based Feature Sharing Method for Reducing the Effect of Label Skewed Data Heterogeneity in Federated Medical Imaging
Authors: Panda Soumyaranjan , Pareek Vikas , Saxena Sanjay 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTDeep learning plays a crucial role in medical image analysis. Traditionally, it involves the collection of patient images at a central location. For this reason, centralized approaches have encountered technical challenges such as data security vulnerabilities, data transfer bottlenecks, limited data diversity, and government regulatory hurdles like HIPAA and GDPR. Federated Learning presents an alternative approach by allowing model training without sharing patient data from client hospitals. However, it faces challenges such as label‐skewed data heterogeneity due to variations in population characteristics, biases, and disease prevalence among hospitals, which leads to performance drift during model training. We propose a framework called Feature vector sharing‐based Federated Learning (Fv‐SFL) to address this issue by combining a novel contrastive learning‐based feature‐sharing method and distribution‐discrepancy‐based aggregation. This introduces a local learning approach incorporating class‐wise feature vectors for federated learning. These vectors, defined as the average vectors of representations within distinct classes, allow for the utilization of clients' knowledge to refine local training. In addition to adjusting server aggregation, we integrate a distribution discrepancy method to calculate the weight for each client for server aggregation. We evaluate the effectiveness of our method for both multiclass and binary classification tasks by conducting experiments on two distinct datasets. Firstly, assess the method's performance on a multiclass classification task using the Ham10000 dataset. Secondly, evaluate its efficacy on a binary classification task using the COVID‐QU‐Ex dataset. Across various methods, Fv‐SFL consistently outperforms other federated learning methods, indicating its superior performance compared to alternative approaches. This framework effectively mitigates performance drift issues during model training caused by label‐skewed data heterogeneity by utilizing feature vector sharing‐based contrastive learning methods and discrepancy‐based global aggregation. Additionally, Fv‐SFL outperforms traditional FL methods by optimizing resource utilization with reasonable communication costs.
RNA‐Based Biomarkers of Iron Metabolism in Dried Blood Spots for Detecting Recombinant Human Erythropoietin in Doping Control
Authors: Liu Xiao , Yan Tiantian , Xu Yitong , Zheng Xiaoci , Wu Die 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTErythropoietin (EPO) abuse in sports has been a major challenge in doping analysis for decades. Although the Athlete Biological Passport (ABP) serves as an indirect method for EPO detection, it requires continual improvement to increase its sensitivity and reliability. Biomarkers related to iron metabolism and erythropoiesis as complementary parameters to enhance the ABP hematology module have the potential to improve its ability to detect EPO indirectly. In this study, RNA was extracted from dried blood spot (DBS) samples collected over 28 days (days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 21, and 28) following the administration of therapeutic doses of recombinant human EPO (Yibiao, 50 IU/kg per dose, administered subcutaneously twice). The expression of four genes, namely, mitoferrin 1 (MFRN1), ferrochelatase (FECH), ferroportin (FPN), and ferritin heavy chain (FTH), was analyzed. The results revealed significant expression changes, with MFRN1 demonstrating peak increases of 2.43‐fold, and presented detection windows extending beyond Day 9, providing greater sensitivity and longer detection windows than traditional ABP parameters do. The integration of MFRN1 into the ABP framework has the potential to increase the detection of EPO misuse in athletes.
Scientific Mapping of Global Research on Health Equity by 2023: A Bibliometric Study
Authors: Sarikhani Yaser , Kalavani Arefeh , Najibi Seyede Maryam 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsThere has been a growing focus on health equity (HE) within health systems. Studies in HE have revealed significant domains that have been the focus of attention for academics and research institutions. This research aimed to provide an in‐depth perspective on the research efforts conducted around the world concerning HE.MethodsIn this bibliometric study, we used co‐word analysis to map HE studies indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and PubMed by the end of 2023. A comprehensive search was carried out in the databases, and the data were analyzed employing VOSviewer software. Along with analyzing publication trends, thematic clusters, and emerging topics in HE were identified.ResultsThe compound annual growth rate of the HE documents in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science were 0.157, 0.173, 0.453, and 0.317, respectively. Topic clusters of HE keywords in the period preceding the COVID‐19 pandemic were “Health care,” “Health economics,” “Race and ethnicity,” “Social determinants of health,” and “Age and gender.” The analyses related to the time following the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic resulted in the identification of six topic clusters, namely “Health workforce,” “Risk factors,” “Maternal and child health,” “COVID‐19,” “Cancer,” and “Mental health.” Moreover, “Artificial intelligence,” “Racial disparity,” “Machine learning,” and “COVID‐19,” were four key emerging topics of HE pertinent to the post‐COVID‐19 period.ConclusionIn recent years, there has been a significant increase in research focused on HE. The focus of research in HE has shifted to an emphasis on various diseases and their risk factors. Emerging topics identified in this study represent significant areas of interest as novel research domains, particularly within low‐ and middle‐income countries.
Survival Status and Predictors of Mortality Among Asphyxiated Neonates Admitted to Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: solbana Lencho Kajela , Berhanu Solomon , Gezahegn Yenealem , Kune Guta 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsPerinatal asphyxia is the second leading cause of neonatal mortality in sub‐Saharan African countries, including Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess survival status and predictors of mortality among neonates admitted to Jimma University Medical Center with perinatal asphyxia.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on 373 asphyxiated neonates admitted to Jimma University Medical Center from April 12, 2019, to May 5, 2022. Data were collected from May 18 to June 3, 2022, entered into Epidata version 3.1, and analyzed using R software version 4.2.1. On univariate Cox regression, variables with a p < 0.25 were selected for the final model. Multivariate Cox regression was used to identify significant predictors of mortality among asphyxiated neonates at a 0.05 level of significance and a corresponding 95% confidence interval of the adjusted hazard ratio.ResultsThe median survival time of the participants was 20 (95% CI: 18–23) days. During 2888 days of total person‐time at risk, a 29.09 (95% CI: 23.20–36.01) per 1000 person‐days incidence rate of neonatal mortality was identified. The significant predictors of mortality were stage III Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (AHR: 3.46, 95% CI: 1.55–7.70), acute kidney injury (AHR: 2.82, 95% CI: 1.28–6.23), and stress ulcers (AHR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.26–3.97).ConclusionThe incidence of mortality was relatively high among the study participants. Stage III Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, acute kidney injury, and stress ulcers were significant predictors.
Association Between GLP1 RAs Use and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Bushi Ganesh , Gaidhane Shilpa , Ballal Suhas , Kumar Sanjay , Bhat Mahakshit , Sharma Shilpa , Kumar M. Ravi , Sinha Aashna , Khatib Mahalaqua Nazli , Rai Nishant , Sah Sanjit , Lakhanpal Sorabh , Shabil Muhammed 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectiveAs the global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to rise, addressing its associated health risks, including colorectal cancer (CRC), is important. This study examines the relationship between the use of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) and the risk of CRC in comparison with other antidiabetic therapies.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to August 10, 2024, following PRISMA guidelines. Data extraction and screening were performed using Nested Knowledge software. Meta‐analysis random effect model pooled Risk ratios (RRs) calculated using was performed using R v4.4 statistical software g. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO.ResultsOut of 1825 identified studies, five met the inclusion criteria, involving 2,047,256 T2DM patients assessing CRC risk. GLP‐1RAs were associated with a significant reduction in CRC risk compared to thiazolidinediones (RR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68–0.96), insulin (RR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.32–0.81), and SGLT2 inhibitors (RR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.59–0.95). Comparisons with sulfonylureas, DPP‐4 inhibitors, and metformin were not statistically significant. A potential protective effect against alpha‐glucosidase inhibitors was observed (RR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.18–1.00) but requires further investigation.ConclusionThe use of GLP‐1RAs in T2DM is linked to a reduced risk of CRC compared to several standard antidiabetic therapies. These findings underscore the importance of considering long‐term cancer risks in diabetes management and highlight the need for continued research to fully understand the implications of GLP‐1RA use in T2DM patients.
PoweR Analysis in Review: Leveraging R to Conduct Power Analyses for a Range of Research Designs
Authors: Rubin Mikael 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThere are many helpful tools that exist for conducting power analyses. However, even the simplest tools require the researcher to make specific decisions about the research design and analytic methodology. This is not always a simple task, especially when the design and/or analysis are more sophisticated (e.g., in the case of longitudinal data with multiple levels). The aims of this paper are to (1) provide an overview of some existing tools in R that researchers can use and (2) introduce simulated power analyses in R. Existing tools are powerful, and it is important to consider their use, as they are often user‐friendly and may be more appropriate in some cases. The purpose of introducing simulations for power analysis is that it provides the most control for researchers in terms of how the sample size is determined. This paper will focus on the use of R for power analysis, which requires some background in coding, although some examples provided can be copy/pasted if the R environment is already available, as it is free and open‐source, and tools are continually evolving that facilitate advances in power analytic approaches.