bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and molecular findings in three Japanese patients with N-acetylneuraminic acid synthetase-congenital disorder of glycosylation (NANS-CDG)
Authors: Masunaga Yohei , Nishimura Gen , Takahashi Koji , Hishiyama Tomiyuki , Imamura Masatoshi , Kashimada Kenichi , Kadoya Machiko , Wada Yoshinao , Okamoto Nobuhiko , Oba Daiju , Ohashi Hirofumi , Ikeno Mitsuru , Sakamoto Yuko , Fukami Maki , Saitsu Hirotomo , Ogata Tsutomu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe report clinical and molecular findings in three Japanese patients with N-acetylneuraminic acid synthetase-congenital disorder of glycosylation (NANS-CDG). Patient 1 exhibited a unique constellation of clinical features including marked hydrocephalus, spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia (SEMD), and thrombocytopenia which is comparable to that of an infant reported by Faye-Peterson et al., whereas patients 2 and 3 showed Camera-Genevieve type SMED with intellectual/developmental disability which is currently known as the sole disease name for NANS-CDG. Molecular studies revealed a maternally inherited likely pathogenic c.207del:p.(Arg69Serfs*57) variant and a paternally derived likely pathogenic c.979_981dup:p.(Ile327dup) variant in patient 1, a homozygous likely pathogenic c.979_981dup:p.(Ile327dup) variant caused by maternal segmental isodisomy involving NANS in patient 2, and a paternally inherited pathogenic c.133−12T>A variant leading to aberrant splicing and a maternally inherited likely pathogenic c.607T>C:p.(Tyr203His) variant in patient 3 (reference mRNA: NM_018946.4). The results, together with previously reported data, imply that (1) NANS plays an important role in postnatal growth and fetal brain development; (2) SMED is recognizable at birth and shows remarkable postnatal evolution; (3) NANS-CDG is associated with low-normal serum sialic acid, obviously elevated urine N-acetylmannosamine, and normal N- and O-glycosylation of serum proteins; and (4) NANS-CDG is divided into Camera-Genevieve type and more severe Faye-Peterson type.
A metalens-based analog computing system for ultrasonic Fourier transform calculations
Authors: Uy Robert Frederik , Bui Viet Phuong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWave-based analog computing is a new computing paradigm heralded as a potentially superior alternative to existing digital computers. Currently, there are optical and low-frequency acoustic analog Fourier transformers. However, the former suffers from phase retrieval issues, and the latter is too physically bulky for integration into CMOS-compatible chips. This paper presents a solution to these problems: the Ultrasonic Fourier Transform Analog Computing System (UFT-ACS), a metalens-based analog computer that utilizes ultrasonic waves to perform Fourier transform calculations. Through wave propagation simulations on MATLAB, the UFT-ACS has been shown to calculate the Fourier transform of various input functions with a high degree of accuracy. Moreover, the optimal selection of parameters through sufficient zero padding and appropriate truncation and bandlimiting to minimize errors is also discussed.
Structural analysis of the overoxidized Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase in ROS-induced ALS filament formation
Authors: Baek Yeongjin , Woo Tae-Gyun , Ahn Jinsook , Lee Dukwon , Kwon Yonghoon , Park Bum-Joon , Ha Nam-Chul 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEukaryotic Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is primarily responsible for cytotoxic filament formation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) neurons. Two cysteine residues in SOD1 form an intramolecular disulfide bond. This study aims to explore the molecular mechanism of SOD1 filament formation by cysteine overoxidation in sporadic ALS (sALS). In this study, we determined the crystal structure of the double mutant (C57D/C146D) SOD1 that mimics the overoxidation of the disulfide-forming cysteine residues. The structure revealed the open and relaxed conformation of loop IV containing the mutated Asp57. The double mutant SOD1 produced more contagious filaments than wild-type protein, promoting filament formation of the wild-type SOD1 proteins. Importantly, we further found that HOCl treatment to the wild-type SOD1 proteins facilitated their filament formation. We propose a feasible mechanism for SOD1 filament formation in ALS from the wild-type SOD1, suggesting that overoxidized SOD1 is a triggering factor of sALS. Our findings extend our understanding of other neurodegenerative disorders associated with ROS stresses at the molecular level.
Peroxidase-like activity of a peroxotitanium complex and its inhibition by some hydroxyalkanoic acids
Authors: Yun Kyong-Il , Sonu Kyong-Su , Han Tong-Sul , Ri Hyong-Gwan , Han Kyong-Ae , Pak Un-Gyong 
Published: October 2022

A peroxotitanium complex (PTC) catalyses the oxidation of OPD by H2O2 while the catalyst stability depends on pH, temperature, and concentrations of H2O2 and catalyst. And the PTC catalysis is effectively inhibited by some hydroxyalkanoic acids.
Performance releaser with smart anchor learning for arbitrary‐oriented object detection
Authors: Zhang Tianwei W. , Dong Xiaoyu Y. , Sun Xu , Gao Lianru R. , Qu Ying , Zhang Bing , Zheng Ke 
Published: October 2022

AbstractArbitrary‐oriented object detection is widely used in aerial image applications because of its efficient object representation. However, the use of oriented bounding box aggravates the imbalance between positive and negative samples when using one‐stage object detectors, which seriously decreases the detection accuracy. We believe that it is the anchor learning strategy (ALS) used by such detectors that needs to take the responsibility. In this study, three perspectives on ALS design were summarised and ALS—Performance Releaser with Smart Anchor Learning (PRSAL) was proposed. Performance Releaser with Smart Anchor Learning is a dynamic ALS that utilises anchor classification ability as an equivalent indicator to anchor box regression ability, this allows anchors with high detection potential to be filtered out in a more reasonable way. At the same time, PRSAL focuses more on anchor potential and it is able to automatically select a number of positive samples that far exceed that of other methods by activating anchors that previously had a low spatial overlap, thereby releasing the detection performance. We validate the PRSAL using three remote sensing datasets—HRSC2016, DOTA and UCAS‐AOD as well as one scene text dataset—ICDAR 2013. The experimental results show that the proposed method gives substantially better results than existing models.
Space charge characteristics of silicone elastomer for device packaging under positive square wave voltage
Authors: Zhang Jinqiang , Li Xuebao , Zhao Zhibin , Cui Xiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWith the rapid development of power electronic devices towards high voltage and power, the insulation challenges faced by devices have attracted widespread attention. Silicone elastomer is widely used in device packaging as one insulating material, and the study of its insulating properties is helpful to the reliable operation of devices. To this end we obtained the space charge characteristics of silicone elastomer under positive square wave voltage by using the pulse‐electroacoustic (PEA) method. Firstly based on the existing research and IEC standards, the selection criteria of the resistance and capacitance parameters of a PEA system for space charge measurement under square wave voltage are given. Through this experimental system, the space charge distribution under the positive square wave voltage with different waveform parameters is obtained, and the influences of the waveform parameters on the space charge accumulation are analysed. The amounts of charges under the action of square wave voltage with different waveform parameters are calculated, and the influences of waveform parameters on the amounts of charges are analysed. In addition, the reasons for the difference in the accumulation of positive and negative charges are explained through Schottky injection model, the synthesis reaction and the infrared spectrum of the silicone elastomer.
Ride‐pooling in the light of COVID‐19: Determining spatiotemporal demand characteristics on the example of MOIA
Authors: Zwick Felix , Fraedrich Eva , Axhausen Kay W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe mobility provider MOIA operates Europe's largest contiguous electric ride‐pooling service in Hamburg, representing a testbed of how shared and digitized transport can help foster the transformation of urban mobility. The on‐demand service has been in operation since 2019 and was thus affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic in 2020. This study shows real‐world insights into travel behavior before and during the pandemic, contributing to the empirical evidence on recent mobility behavior. After the application of descriptive statistical analyses, several (spatial) regression models are estimated to understand the relationship between spatial variables and demand. MOIA trip data from three different time periods are used: (a) before the COVID‐19 pandemic in summer and autumn 2019, (b) during the time of the first lockdown in Germany in spring 2020, and (c) after the first lockdown in summer and autumn 2020. A significant positive effect on ride‐pooling demand is observed for number of inhabitants, workplaces, gastronomic facilities, and at the airport in all time periods. In the course of the pandemic, the main travel patterns remained stable. However, the positive influences of gastronomy and the airport on ride‐pooling demand diminished in 2020. In contrast, the impact of hospitals on ride‐pooling demand increased in the course of the pandemic. In areas with high car ownership, ride‐pooling demand declined compared to pre‐pandemic times.
Overcome the future environmental challenges through sustainable and renewable energy resources
Authors: Bhuiyan Mohammad Ruhul Amin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe necessity to achieve global sustainability and renewable energy resources to overcome the threat of climate change has led to unparalleled social and economic alterations ubiquitous throughout the world. The environment surrounding pollution correlated with global warming is essential to technological advances for developing energy resources. Renewable and sustainable energy resources are eco‐friendly energy sources that transform heat directly into electrical energy. The transformation of the global energy system underway in various countries can play a predominant role in power sectors. It helps in establishing a low‐power solution with high performance in advance. This review paper highlights technological feasibility within the economic activity of sustainable resources in various sectors. The sustainable resource would represent the world's most advanced technology and cost‐effective global power transition pathway. The present status, prospects, and updated information about these energy resources have been discussed in detail. This review provides a recommendation on which energy would be suitable for electrical energy generation and would establish a green environment for the next generation to survive in the world.
Testing the energy efficiency of CHP engines and cost‐effectiveness of biogas plant operation
Authors: Slavica Prvulovic , Ivica Micic , Dragica Radosav , Milios Josimovic , Slobodan Juric , Vladislav Novakov 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis work presents Combined Heat and Power (CHP) gas engine factory as one of the possible solutions for cogeneration in the industry which has high values of electrical and total efficiency, and the electrical efficiency relatively changes little with the change in power of the plant. The cost‐effectiveness of such a plant is significant to the supply of industrial consumer electricity from the grid, and heat from the factory boiler. A problem in assessing the cost‐effectiveness of using such a plant is that it uses more fuel here than in the case of energy supply from the boiler room factory and electrical distribution networks. In this case, the price of fuel and electricity as well as the level of placement of thermal energy, as shown here, determines the cost‐effectiveness of the plant. The final decision on the application of the CHP plant must be preceded by a careful technical analysis of the plant and energy system as well as a financial analysis of the selected case. Due to errors that occurred in practice, this paper aimed to point out the basic problems in choosing the power and mode of operation of these plants.
Multiple objective optimisation for antenna diversity on airborne platforms
Authors: Emmett Christian B. , Flint James A. , Seager Robert D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVehicles such as automobiles, ships, satellites, and aircraft have a limited amount of physical space to install antennas for communications and navigation systems. This is exacerbated by the use of modern materials, like carbon fibre, and that large areas of the vehicles structure cannot be used to mount antenna, due to aerodynamic or other requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to be able to quickly and accurately find the optimum locations to mount a number of antenna systems, in a restricted space, whilst considering a number of different and sometimes contradictory antenna performance parameters. Thus, defining the optimum antenna locations is a multi‐objective problem (MOP) and lends itself to the use of multi‐objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEA). This paper presents a MOEA methodology that can be used to accurately, quickly, and robustly define the antenna locations. It will also define an appropriate MOEA and the fitness functions for predicting the radio frequency (RF) interoperability/mutual coupling between antenna systems and antenna RF radiation pattern installed performance.
Periodic orbits of multiplicity higher than one in an N-body barred galaxy potential
Authors: Wang Y. , Athanassoula E. , Patsis P. , Mao S. 
Published: October 2022

Aims. Periodic orbits (POs) have been exhaustively studied. On the contrary, to our knowledge, no complete and systematic study of higher-multiplicity (ℳ) POs, that is, orbits that close after more than one revolution in phase space, exists. Here, we fill this gap and also extend the standard tools used for studies of the x1 POs to studies of higher multiplicity POs.
Methods. We adopted a multi-aspect approach, using surfaces of section, stability diagrams, characteristic diagrams, studies of the shapes of individual orbits, and other properties of the POs. We modified and extended the standard tools used for ℳ = 1, to ℳ > 1 cases, allowing them to use the snapshot information more fully. Our potential is more realistic than those of most previous studies, as it is obtained directly from a snapshot of a fully self-consistent, high-resolution numerical simulation.
Results. We find five main pairs of PO families with ℳ = 2. Two of these bifurcate from the x1 family and are direct rotators, and one bifurcates from the x4 family and rotates retrograde. We suggest that the remaining families do not bifurcate, but form parts of bubbles. The POs of the x1 family have four-fold symmetry, while all the ℳ = 2 POs have only two-fold symmetry, with respect to either the x or the y axis. Furthermore, two orbits of the same Jacobi constant and from families of the same PO pair are mirror images of each other. Thus, by considering them together, it is possible to achieve four-fold symmetry. All results obtained here will be used in a following paper to study the effect of including ℳ orbits in the disc. We also show that a given family can include orbits of more than one multiplicity.
Sourire et émotions
Authors: Huguenin Carole 
Published: October 2022

Décodage et interprétation du sourire confirment qu'il est la conséquence des émotions positives.
Il témoigne et évoque le plus souvent le plaisir ou la joie.
Le sourire dans la communication fait partie de la communication non verbale de manière très importante. Son interprétation peut se retrouver dans les différentes cultures au travers les siècles.
Long Covid: Ursachen sprechen für den therapeutischen Einsatz von Antioxidantien
Authors: Vollbracht Claudia , Herget Harald 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungHyperinflammation und oxidativer Stress spielen nicht nur bei akuter Covid-19-Erkrankung, sondern auch bei Long Covid eine wichtige pathophysiologische Rolle. Bei Covid-19 wurde ein Vitamin-C-Mangel nachgewiesen und der Benefit von supportiven Vitamin-C-Infusionen bereits untersucht. Bei Long Covid sind die überschießende Entzündung und reaktive Sauerstoffverbindungen ebenfalls Mitauslöser für Fibrosen, Thrombosen, Immun-Dysregulation (Autoimmunphänomene und Virenpersistenz), Fatigue, kognitive Beeinträchtigungen und Störungen des autonomen Nervensystems. Der Benefit von Vitamin-C-Infusionen – wie die Linderung von Fatigue, kognitiven Störungen und Schmerzen – ist bereits bei anderen Grunderkrankungen gut untersucht. Vitamin C ist eines der effektivsten Antioxidantien, Kofaktor relevanter Stoffwechselwege und ein wichtiger Immunmodulator. Der therapeutische Einsatz bei Long Covid ist deshalb sehr plausibel und wird durch praktische Erfahrung bestätigt.
Ozontherapie zur Behandlung des Post-Covid-Syndroms
Authors: Feldhaus Simon 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Post-Covid-Syndrom stellt eine komplexe Erkrankung dar, die allerdings durch einen integrativen Behandlungsansatz in der kombinierten Anwendung mit individuellen orthomolekularen Substanzen erfolgreich therapiert werden kann. Wichtig ist eine Aufklärung über die Hintergründe der Symptome und die Notwendigkeit einer integrativen Behandlung zu einem möglichst frühen Zeitpunkt. Beim Epstein-Barr-Virus sind ähnliche Verläufe bekannt, ohne dass dies zu entsprechenden medialen angsterzeugenden Darstellungen führt. Im Rahmen eines multimodalen Behandlungsansatzes, gestützt auf eine individuelle Labordiagnostik, stellt die Ozontherapie eine wichtige Basismaßnahme dar. Die Verträglichkeit ist sehr gut und zeigt im Sinne der Regulationsmedizin modulatorische Effekte auf immunologische Faktoren. Weiterhin werden antioxidative Kapazitäten verbessert.
Höhentraining als Therapieoption bei Post- oder Long-Covid-Syndrom
Authors: Biallowons Ruth 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDass Long Covid mit vordergründigem Erschöpfungssyndrom von einer Vielzahl von Ärzten als rein psychosomatisch eingestuft wird, wirft viele Erkrankte zurück und fördert die Entwicklung einer Chronifizierung. Patienten fühlen sich nicht ernst genommen und auch nicht zielführend untersucht. Da postvirale Erschöpfung dazu führt, dass selbst kleinste Alltagstätigkeiten nicht oder nur erschwert durchgeführt werden können, müssen die Patienten einer effizienten Therapie zugeführt werden. Das Höhentraining oder IHHT (Intervall-Hypoxie-Hyperoxie-Therapie) gilt als bewährte Methode zur Steigerung der Leistungsfähigkeit im Leistungssport und wird in der Praxis beim Post-Covid-Syndrom eingesetzt mit dem Ziel, die individuelle Regulationsfähigkeit wiederherzustellen. Der Beitrag zeigt die Praxiserfahrung der IHHT-Anwendung in den letzten 2 Jahren in der Praxis Biallomed in Düsseldorf.
Aktueller Stand Long Covid
Authors: Grabmann Sonja 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungZu Beginn der Covid-19-Pandemie war es die akute Infektion, die im Fokus des Interesses lag, doch der Blickwinkel hat sich geändert. Nach der Infektion können bei den Betroffenen Beeinträchtigungen sowohl auf körperlicher als auch auf geistiger Ebene bestehen bleiben – das sog. „Long-Covid-Syndrom“ oder „Post-Covid-Syndrom“. Das Gesundheitswesen forscht zu Ursachen und Therapiemöglichkeiten. In der Praxis hat sich gezeigt, dass bisher gut etablierte naturheilkundliche Verfahren einen positiven Beitrag zur Therapie von Patienten mit Long Covid leisten. Gerade die Kombination von Schulmedizin und Naturheilkunde im Sinne eines integrativen Therapieansatzes kann ein breites Spektrum zielgerichteter Behandlungsmaßnahmen bieten, die dem Ausmaß der von Patienten als zum Teil sehr belastend empfundenen Folgen der Covid-19-Infektion mit seiner Bandbreite an Symptomen gerecht werden könnte.
Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy: Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Prevention
Authors: Haridas Babitha , Chuang David T. , Nei Maromi , Kang Joon Y. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a tragic and unexpected cause of death in patients with a known diagnosis of epilepsy. It occurs in up to 6.3 to 9.3/1,000 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. The main three risk factors associated with SUDEP are the presence of generalized tonic–clonic seizures, the presence of a seizure in the past year, and an intellectual disability. There are several mechanisms that can result in SUDEP. The most likely sequence of events appears to be a convulsive seizure, overactivation of the autonomic nervous system, cardiorespiratory dysfunction, and death. While the risk of SUDEP is relatively high in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, studies indicate that more than 50% of patients and caregivers are unaware of the diagnosis. Counseling about the diagnosis and preventative measures at the time of diagnosis is important. There are numerous interventions that may reduce the risk of SUDEP, including conservative measures such as nocturnal surveillance with a bed partner (where applicable) and automated devices. Optimizing seizure control with antiseizure medications and surgical interventions can result in a reduced risk of SUDEP.
Relative Importance of Applicant Characteristics in Ophthalmology Residency Interview Selection: A Survey of Program Directors
Authors: Cohen Samuel A. , Pershing Suzann 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroduction Ophthalmology residency positions remain competitive. A lack of clarity regarding which residency selection criteria are prioritized by program directors can heighten the stress associated with the match process. While surveys of program directors in several other medical specialties have been conducted to identify the most important residency selection criteria, there is limited data on selection criteria used by ophthalmology residency program directors. The purpose of our study was to survey ophthalmology residency program directors to identify the current state of interview selection decisions—the factors currently considered most important in determining whether to extend an interview invitation to residency applicants.Methods We developed and distributed a Web-based questionnaire to all U.S. ophthalmology residency program directors. Questions evaluated program demographics and the relative importance of 23 different selection criteria used by ophthalmology residency program directors when evaluating applicants for residency interviews (Likert scale 1–5, with 1 being “not important” and 5 being “very important”). Program directors were also asked to identify the one factor they felt was most important.Results The overall residency program director response rate was 56.5% (70/124). The selection criteria with the highest average importance scores were core clinical clerkship grades (4.26/5) followed by letters of recommendation (4.06/5), and United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1 score (4.03/5). The most frequently cited single most important factor for interview selection was core clinical clerkship grades (18/70, 25.7%), with USMLE Step 1 score (9/70, 12.9%) and rotations at the program director's department (6/70, 8.6%) also commonly reported.Conclusion Our results suggest that core clinical clerkship grades, letters of recommendation, and USMLE Step 1 scores are deemed the most important selection criteria by ophthalmology residency program directors as of a 2021 survey. With changes in clerkship grading for many medical schools and changes in national USMLE Step 1 score reporting, programs will face challenges in evaluating applicants and the relative importance of other selection criteria will likely increase.