bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of different sizes of cross‐linked fibers of biodegradable electrospun poly(ε‐caprolactone) scaffolds on osteogenic behavior in a rat model in vivo
Authors: Surmenev Roman A. , Ivanov Alexey N. , Saveleva Mariia S. , Kiriiazi Tatiana S. , Fedonnikov Alexander S. , Surmeneva Maria A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA variety of biodegradable polymer scaffolds serving the purpose of mimicking the extracellular matrix have been studied; however, no effective recipe has yet been developed for scaffold pore size and overall percent porosity, which are optimal for cell penetration in vitro and tissue growth in vivo. Thus, this study reports the effect of poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) fiber size and scaffold porosity on the osteogenic behavior of scaffolds in a rat model in vivo. It was revealed that scaffolds with an average fiber size of 9.2 μm, and 4.05 μm, and combination of 0.6 μm submicrofibres (upper layer) with 9.2 μm microfibres (bottom layer) in hybrid two‐layer scaffolds behave significantly differently with respect to macrophage reactions and tissue regeneration in a rat model in vivo. Poor macrophage response at implantation tests into the bone tissue in vivo reveals the advantages of microfibrous PCL scaffolds with a fiber size of 4.05 μm and hybrid scaffolds with submicro‐ and microfibres for stimulation of reparative osteogenesis over microfibrous scaffolds with a fiber size of 9.2 μm. The combination of submicro‐ and microfibrous layers in hybrid scaffolds provides an opportunity to control the shape and density of bone trabeculae during regeneration processes in vivo.
In situ cross‐linking capability of novel amine‐functionalized graphene with epoxy nanocomposites
Authors: Pathak Abhishek K. , Sharma Lekha , Garg Hema , Yokozeki Tomohiro , Dhakate Sanjay R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn situ chemical linkage between nanofillers and polymer is challenging, but it is an effective process for enhancing the mechanical and thermal properties of polymer nanocomposites. Herein, novel amine‐functionalized graphene is designed and developed to show the in situ chemical interaction with epoxy matrix. Three different graphene materials, graphene oxide (GO), carboxylic graphene oxide (GOCOOH), and ethylenediamine substituted graphene oxide (GOCONHCH2CH2NH2) is synthesized chemically, and epoxy nanocomposite with different wt% is fabricated. FTIR showed the presence of hydroxyl and amide bond formation, confirmed by 13C‐NMR, where the carboxylic carbon peak of GO at 193 ppm shifted to 184 ppm for GOCONHCH2CH2NH2. Elemental analysis by XPS showed that C: O: N of GO changed from 70:30:0 to 79:13:8 for GOCONHCH2CH2NH2. Three‐point bending studies revealed that maximum flexural strength and modulus for GOCONHCH2CH2NH2 incorporated epoxy polymer composite because of intermolecular chemical bond formation between the epoxy resin and GOCONHCH2CH2NH2. The formation of a chemical bond between GOCONHCH2CH2NH2 and epoxy polymer is confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and XPS analysis. The mechanism of forming an in situ chemical bond between amine‐functionalized graphene and the epoxy polymer is derived based on experimental evidence.
Mechanochemical synthesis of multifunctional kaolin@BiVO4 hybrid pigments for coloring and reinforcing of acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene
Authors: Wu Lei , Mu Bin , Yang Hao , Wang Xiaowen , Wang Aiqin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractClay mineral‐based inorganic pigments have been successfully applied for synchronous coloring and reinforcing requirements of plastic products owing to excellent environmental stability and weather resistance compared with organic dyes. In order to improve the common solid or liquid‐phase preparation process of clay mineral‐based inorganic pigments, kaolin@BiVO4 hybrid pigments were fabricated by a cleaner mechanochemical method followed by annealing process for coloring and reinforcing of acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (ABS) resin. Kaolin@BiVO4 hybrid pigments calcined at 500°C presented the optimum chroma (L* = 77.45, a* = −1.88, b* = 81.93, C* = 81.95, and h° = 91.32), and kaolin@BiVO4 hybrid pigments modified with 3‐methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane exhibited the good coloring properties in ABS matrix due to the improvement of surface/interfacial compatibility between pigments and ABS. Moreover, the tensile strength and bending strength of ABS composites containing 0.5 wt% of the modified kaolin@BiVO4 hybrid pigments increased by 10.2% and 20.2% compared with that of the pure ABS, respectively. In addition, incorporation of kaolin@BiVO4 hybrid pigments also contributed to improving the UV‐aging resistance of ABS. Therefore, the as‐prepared kaolin@BiVO4 hybrid pigments based on the cleaner mechanochemical preparation process can be served as promising multifunctional fillers of polymer matrix due to the synergistic effect between kaolin and BiVO4 pigments.
Discovery of harmalanium halides as anti‐ovarian cancer agents
Authors: Choi Yunha , Ji Sang Hee , Patil Vineet , Kim Eun Hye , Park Hoyeong , Kim Seong Hwan , Kim Pilho 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHarmala alkaloid (HA) derivatives having 4,9‐dihydro‐3H‐pyrido[3,4‐b]indolium core structure were prepared and their anti‐ovarian cancer activities were explored. In the first screening of 14 compounds, dibenzylated 4e and 4f were found to be active against A2780 ovarian cancer cell line. Further preparation of active analogs led to discover 4f1 as active as 4f in three ovarian cancer cell lines including cisplatin‐resistant A2780 and SKOV3. Three compounds in 4f series showed single‐digit micromolar GI50 values against A2780 and cisplatin‐resistant A2780 cells. While the mechanism of action for the active compounds turned out to be involved in caspase‐dependent apoptotic cell death, anti‐ovarian cancer activities could be induced by inhibition of AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase 1 (AKT) signaling. This unprecedented scaffold 4 may be optimized further to find out clinically useful compounds for the treatment of ovarian cancers.
High risk of severe child abuse and poly‐victimisation in families with parental substance misuse – results from a swedish school‐based survey
Authors: Jernbro Carolina , Tindberg Ylva , Janson Staffan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChild abuse is a widespread public health problem, potentially leading to long‐term consequences for the exposed individuals and society. By learning more about the major risk factors, child abuse can be prevented. The objective of this study was to examine the pattern and severity of maltreatment in adolescents reporting parental alcohol and/or other drug problems. Cross‐sectional data from a Swedish national school survey including 4,741 pupils (15‐ and 17‐year‐olds) conducted in 2016 were analysed using univariate tests (chi‐squared) and binomial logistic regression models. Results showed that parental alcohol or other drug misuse, reported by the adolescents, was significantly associated with all types of child maltreatment. There was a particularly increased risk of severe child abuse, including witnessing recurrent physical intimate partner violence (adjusted odds ratio (adj. OR) 11.01; confidence interval (CI) 6.61–18.35) and poly‐victimisation (adj. OR 7.82; CI 5.50–11.13), in families with parental alcohol and/or other drug problems compared to families without these problems. These results call for preventive measures, such as restrictive alcohol and drug policies, and early recognition of alcohol or other drug misuse among parents. In addition, professionals working with children and with substance‐using parents need to identify and support these children.Key Practitioner Messages

Children and adolescents commonly grow up with parents misusing alcohol and/or other drugs.
Parental alcohol and other drug misuse strongly increases the risk of severe child abuse, particularly witnessing recurrent physical intimate partner violence and poly‐victimisation.
Early recognition and support for families with parental alcohol and other drug misuse is important to prevent child maltreatment.
Atrio‐ventricular block and takotsubo syndrome: A review illustrated with two case reports
Authors: Vavilis Georgios , Y‐Hassan Shams 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTakotsubo syndrome (TS) can be complicated by life‐threatening arrhythmias. Data on the association of AV‐block, pacemaker implantation, and TS are scarce. We describe two cases of AV‐block associated with TS. AV‐block persisted despite the recovery of left ventricular dysfunction during follow‐up. A review of AV‐block and TS association is provided.
Unusual case of spontaneous bilateral basal ganglia bleed
Authors: Kayastha Jessica , Rajbhandari Pravesh , Gurung Pritam , Shrestha Bishal , Dabadi Sambardhan , Pant Basant 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHypertension is the most prevalent determinant condition embarking on the development of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Usually, the presentation is a unilateral hematoma. Spontaneous bilateral intracerebral hemorrhage is an outstandingly infrequent context, and not a lot of cases have been reported till date. Ensuing hypertension, trauma inflicted on the brain case is another common cause that out turn into the sequelae of bilateral intracerebral hemorrhage. Lately, a few cases of bilateral basal ganglia bleed have been revealed, as a repercussion of COVID‐19 infection. Globally, <40 such cases have been reported. A 39‐year‐old man presented with complaints of acute onset of weakness of right half of the body. Additionally, facial deviation was noticed by his family members. He then sought medical help from a local healthcare center where CT scan of head was advised. Unexpectedly, the scan demonstrated bilateral intracerebral hemorrhage. He was then managed conservatively with oral medications and rehabilitation. The course of his hospital stay was uneventful and was eventually discharged after 9 days. He then presented to our institution for further evaluation. Thereupon, he had slurring of speech but was able to walk with minimal support. Simultaneous Bilateral Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage (SBBGH) is an exceptionally rare ailment. This genre of cerebrovascular accident embraces a comprehensive span of morbidity and mortality. In an acute setting, CT scan of head is the most relevant imaging modality. Nonetheless, MRI is the gold standard for definitive diagnosis and should be performed urgently to further typify and delineate the lesion.
COVID‐19 in a human T‐cell lymphotropic virus type‐1 carrier
Authors: Enomoto Takatoshi , Shiroyama Takayuki , Hirata Haruhiko , Amiya Saori , Adachi Yuichi , Niitsu Takayuki , Noda Yoshimi , Hara Reina , Fukushima Kiyoharu , Suga Yasuhiko , Miyake Kotaro , Koyama Shohei , Iwahori Kota , Nagatomo Izumi , Tokuhira Natsuko , Uchiyama Akinori , Takeda Yoshito , Kumanogoh Atsushi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis is the first report of COVID‐19 in a human T‐cell lymphotropic virus type‐1 (HTLV‐1) carrier. HTLV‐1 infection can cause immune dysfunction even in asymptomatic carriers. This case highlights the need for guidance on management of COVID‐19‐HTLV‐1 coinfection, specifically on the appropriate use of corticosteroid treatment while considering secondary infection.
On the improved generalized linear model‐based monitoring methods for Poisson distributed processes
Authors: Iqbal Anam , Mahmood Tahir , Nazir Hafiz Zafar , Chakraborty Niladri 
Published: February 2022

AbstractControl charts are widely used tool that provides quality inspectors with sensitive information for maintaining manufacturing process productivity. Numerous model‐based techniques have been presented in the literature to monitor industrial operations that focus on the normal response variable. However, non‐normal response results can occur as a result of quality control operations. In such cases, a new approach based on generalized linear model that provides multiple distribution options for response variables is required to achieve better results. Therefore, this study proposes GLM‐based moving average (MA) and double moving average (DMA) schemes formed on standardized residuals derived from a fitted Poisson regression model. The productivity of suggested methods and the existing exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) scheme is explored in terms of run length attributes. The simulation outcomes revealed that moving average schemes based on standardized residuals (i.e., SR‐MA and SR‐DMA) outperform their predecessor (i.e., SR‐EWMA). Moreover, the SR‐DMA chart, with small values of span , has proven to be more effective at detecting minor to moderate shifts in the process mean. Finally, a case study of a 3D manufacturing operation is shown to emphasize the importance of the proposed approaches.
Elucidation of impedance frequency characteristics of cast resin transformer and application to partial discharge diagnostic method
Authors: Kakimoto Yasutomo , Kozako Masahiro , Hikita Masayuki , Iida Kazuo , Umemura Tokihiro , Nakamura Yusuke , Nakamae Tetsuo , Maeda Teruhiko , Ozaki Tamon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIt is desired to establish an insulation diagnosis method for cast resin transformers (CRTrs), which is often used in distribution systems. Partial discharge (PD) detection is considered to be an effective method, but its phenomenon has not yet been clarified. This paper presents investigation on the frequency characteristics of PD generated inside CRTrs to improve PD detection technology. It is clarified that dominant frequency of PD signal detected by a high frequency current transformer (CT) depends on the frequency characteristics of the impedance between the primary and secondary windings. It is suggested that the dominant frequency could be predicted in advance by analysis using a high‐frequency equivalent circuit model of CRTrs. PD diagnostic technology that utilizes the frequency characteristics of the CRTrs impedance has also been proposed. It is found that a PD generated external to CRTrs does not have resonance at the dominant frequency of the CRTrs itself, even though it passes through the CRTrs. In conclusion, it is suggested that the frequency analysis of CRTrs impedance could identify degraded CRTrs and external noise.
Monobehenin and Tribehenin as Modifiers in the Crystallization of Palm Oil and Palm Stearin
Authors: Zhang Lu , Chen Zenghui , Zhang Qing , Li Hong , Li Xuehong , Zhang Hong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn consideration of the higher melting points and beneficial physiological functions of behenic acid, the effects of high purity monobehenin (MB) and tribehenin (BBB) as crystallization modifiers are studied. With the addition of MB and BBB at various concentrations, differential scanning calorimetry, polarized light microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction are used to understand the change in the crystallization behavior of palm oil (PO) and palm stearin (PS). The addition of MB or BBB promotes nucleation and leads to an earlier onset of crystallization during cooling. Under isothermal conditions, BBB increases the number of crystals and reduces the crystal size of PO more efficiently than MB. The addition of BBB accelerates the formation of β polymorph in both PO and PS, while the addition of MB retards the β' → β transformation of PS. The underlying mechanisms are proposed. The importance of structural affinity, polymorphic matching, and the degree of under‐cooling are elucidated.Practical applications: Behenic acid‐containing glycerides as seed crystals have potential applicability in the development of healthier fats with tailored functionalities. This research is helpful to elucidate the effects of polymorphic matching, structural affinity, and the degree of under‐cooling on engineering the crystallization of functional fats.
Detection of microscopic glaucoma through fundus images using deep transfer learning approach
Authors: Akbar Shahzad , Hassan Syed Ale , Shoukat Ayesha , Alyami Jaber , Bahaj Saeed Ali 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGlaucoma disease in humans can lead to blindness if it progresses to the point where it affects the oculus' optic nerve head. It is not easily detected since there are no symptoms, but it can be detected using tonometry, ophthalmoscopy, and perimeter. However, advances in artificial intelligence approaches have permitted machine learning techniques to diagnose at an early stage. Numerous methods have been proposed using Machine Learning to diagnose glaucoma with different data sets and techniques but these are complex methods. Although, medical imaging instruments are used as glaucoma screening methods, fundus imaging specifically is the most used screening technique for glaucoma detection. This study presents a novel DenseNet and DarkNet combination to classify normal and glaucoma affected fundus image. These frameworks have been trained and tested on three data sets of high‐resolution fundus (HRF), RIM 1, and ACRIMA. A total of 658 images have been used for healthy eyes and 612 images for glaucoma‐affected eyes classification. It has also been observed that the fusion of DenseNet and DarkNet outperforms the two CNN networks and achieved 99.7% accuracy, 98.9% sensitivity, 100% specificity for the HRF database. In contrast, for the RIM1 database, 89.3% accuracy, 93.3% sensitivity, 88.46% specificity has been attained. Moreover, for the ACRIMA database, 99% accuracy, 100% sensitivity, 99% specificity has been achieved. Therefore, the proposed method is robust and efficient with less computational time and complexity compared to the literature available.
Discrepant serological findings in SARS‐CoV‐2 PCR‐negative hospitalized patients with fever and acute respiratory symptoms during the pandemic
Authors: Cross Gail B. , Naftalin Claire M. , Ngiam Jinghao N. , Bagdasarian Natasha , Poh Chek M. , Goh Yun S. , Chia Wan N. , Amrun Siti N. , Tham Sai M. , Teng Hazel , Alagha Rawan , Kumar Shoban K. , Tan Shaun S. Y. , Wang Lin F. , Tambyah Paul A. , Renia Laurent , Fisher Dale , Ng Lisa F. P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCoronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) serology has an evolving role in the diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. However, its use in hospitalized patients with acute respiratory symptoms remains unclear. Hospitalized patients with acute respiratory illness admitted to an isolation ward were recruited. All patients had negative nasopharyngeal swab polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for SARS‐CoV‐2. Serological studies using four separate assays (cPass: surrogate neutralizing enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]; Elecsys: N‐antigen based chemiluminescent assay; SFB: S protein flow‐based; epitope peptide‐based ELISA) were performed on stored plasma collected from patients during the initial hospital stay, and a convalescent visit 4–12 weeks later. Of the 51 patients studied (aged 54, interquartile range 21–84; 62.7% male), no patients tested positive on the Elecsys or cPass assays. Out of 51 patients, 5 had antibodies detected on B‐cell Epitope Assay and 3/51 had antibodies detected on SFB assay. These 8 patients with positive serological test to COVID‐19 were more likely to have a high‐risk occupation (p = 0.039), bacterial infection (p = 0.028), and neutrophilia (p = 0.013) during their initial hospital admission. Discrepant COVID‐19 serological findings were observed among those with recent hospital admissions and bacterial infections. The positive serological findings within our cohort raise important questions about the interpretation of sero‐epidemiology during the current pandemic.
LDPE/M‐TiO2 composite films for modified atmosphere packaging to realize comprehensive preservation of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)
Authors: Zhang Wenshuo , Liu Xiaojie , Qiu Shibo , Chen Lin , Liu Xinghai 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDA shelf‐life that is too short is the main problem with strawberries. Nano‐TiO2 can catalyze and oxidize ethylene under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation to eliminate its ripening effect on fruits and prolong the freshness period.RESULTSIn this work, nano‐TiO2 modified by methacryloxy propyl trimethoxyl silane (KH570) was blended with low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) to prepare modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), and the influence of TiO2 content on films was analyzed before and after UV treatment. The results show that the modified nano‐TiO2 (M‐TiO2) can be uniformly distributed in LDPE, improving its mechanical strength, hydrophobicity, oxygen barrier and UV shielding properties. A modified atmosphere with low ethylene, low O2 and high CO2 can be created to inhibit the ripening and spoilage of strawberries. The weight loss rate of fruit can be effectively reduced. The tendency of fruit firmness decline and nutrient loss can be slowed and stabilized, contributing to controllable shelf‐life. Excellent freshness preservation function can be realized without special UV treatment.CONCLUSIONSince UV treatment is rare in actual storage and transportation, LDPE/M‐TiO2 composite film has practical value as MAP for strawberry and similar non‐climacteric fruits. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Backpackers' space–time behavior in an urban destination: The impact of travel information sources
Authors: Martins Márcio Ribeiro , da Costa Rui Augusto , Moreira António Carrizo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis research aims to identify the information sources used by backpackers before and during the visit to an urban destination and its influence on the movements performed. It uses a questionnaire survey combined with a GPS app to track the movements of backpackers to identify backpackers' spatiotemporal behavior. A bivariate analysis using non‐parametric tests was used to examine the relationships between variables. This study concludes that the consulting online information before the visit has a great deal of influence on the spatiotemporal behavior of the backpackers, namely on the linearity and intensity of the visit. If online information sources are very important due to the intense use of information by backpackers, word of mouth from other travelers should not be disregarded as an important information source. This research can contribute to the definition of more informed and differentiating tourism marketing strategy considering the information sources used and its influence on the movements performed during the visit.
Histories of pervasive gender‐based violence in asylum‐seeking women who have undergone female genital mutilation or cutting
Authors: Lever Hazel , Baranowski Kim A. , Ottenheimer Deborah , Atkinson Holly G. , Singer Elizabeth K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFew studies have described the broader experience of survivors of female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) who have sought asylum in the United States. To gain a better understanding of their exposure to gender‐based violence (GBV), the study was conducted to help uncover themes and patterns of co‐occurring individual and community factors among women asylum seekers who experienced FGM/C before they arrived in the United States. Following a retrospective chart review of FGM/C cases seen in a human rights clinic, 35 women met the inclusion criteria. The constant comparative method (CCM) was used to develop themes derived from clients’ personal declarations and physicians’ affidavits. A qualitative analysis revealed extensive histories of violence—physical, psychological, and sexual—demonstrating that FGM/C is only part of a larger arc of violence. Key themes developed via CCM include the experience of FGM/C, cultural attitudes toward FGM/C, cultural attitudes toward women, the lack of agency felt by women, silence around experiences of GBV and the constant reinforcement of that silence, the role of education in women's lives, and acts of resistance and social support. Placing FGM/C within its cultural context allows for a better understanding of its role in society's broader subjugation of women and elucidates how these social structures are maintained. For health care and other service providers, the high frequency of multiple forms of violence and the ingrained nature of women's oppression indicate the need for trauma‐informed care and services as well as accessible resources beyond those explicitly related to FGM/C.