bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and evaluation of a social and embodied multiplayer reading game to engage primary school learners in Namibia
Authors: Itenge Helvi , Muashekele Chris , Chamunorwa Michael Bosomefi , Winschiers‐Theophilus Heike , Brereton Margot , Soro Alessandro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNamibia, a southern African country with an Ubuntu culture that emphasizes interrelations, generally displays a low reading culture. In this study, we explored a social approach to reading to engage Namibian primary learners. Inspired by promising reading approaches, such as shared group reading enhanced by embodied actions, we created Spin Da Bottle—a multiplayer reading‐action game to draw Namibian learners into reading while keeping them captivated in action. The game was co‐designed with 36 learners and then evaluated by 32 learners with an adapted immersion questionnaire, post‐experience survey and individual interviews. 50 learners were then observed while playing at a public event. Our findings confirm that learners are engaged and enjoy the collective embodied reading experience. We observed different group behaviours scaffolding individual readers. We contribute to the field of reading technologies a digital tool that creates a collective and embodied reading experience, and an adapted immersion instrument.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

It has been recognized that shared reading increases learners engagement and participation.
Dialogic reading experience is enhanced through embodied actions.
What this paper adds

Through a design‐based research approach, a digital multiplayer reading‐action game was developed to explore whether a social, embodied, group game could increase interest and engagement of children in reading. The game was co‐designed and the immersion validated with primary school learners in Namibia.
An adapted immersion instrument was derived for reading games.
Implications for practice and/or policy

Collective reading games offer weak readers support from their peers.
A Namibian inclusive education for all, considering an Ubuntu pedagogy, can be supported with appropriate technologies.
Teachers can integrate this game in the classroom by authoring their content in order to engage learners.
Classification analysis of fatty acid synthase inhibitors using multialgorithms on topological descriptors and structural fingerprints
Authors: Singh Shailendra , Karthikeyan Chandrabose , Moorthy Narayana Subbiah Hari Narayana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFatty acid synthase (FASN) is one of the enzymes required for fatty acid biosynthesis and is expressed as low or absent in most normal cells/tissues. However, this enzyme is upregulated in various cancer cells; hence, it can act as an important target to design and develop novel FASN inhibitors for cancer therapy. In the present investigation, a series of structurally diverse compounds that possessed FASN inhibitory activities were subjected to classification analysis using different algorithms such as support vector machine, decision tree, Naïve Bayes and random forest. The physicochemical descriptors and MACCS fingerprints were calculated using PaDEL software, and the WEKA software was utilized for the classification model building. The statistical parameters/confusion matrix calculated from the analysis revealed that the selected models have significant predictive performances. The results showed that the topological properties of the molecules are the main determinant for the activity classification. The key descriptors comprised of hydrogen bonding groups, especially acceptor (nHBAcc, minHBint9, minHBint5 and nwHBa), charge on the topological surface of the molecules (JGI10 & GGI2), ionization potential (GATS5i and GATS1i) and branching and distance between the groups (ETA_Eta_B_RC) are significantly contributed in the classification models. Further, the presence of heteroatoms (MACCSFP82, MACCSFP93 and MACCSFP131), especially nitrogen atom(s) and hydrogen bond acceptor groups (N–N group, NC(=O)N, N–C(=O)), actively contributed to the inhibitory activities. The results concluded that the topological polar properties concentrated in a specific region have significant FASN inhibitory activity. Hence, these results shall be used to develop novel molecules with increased FASN inhibitory activity.
Retinal microvasculature and choriocapillaris impairments according to the stage of dry age‐related macular degeneration
Authors: Kim Jung‐Tae , Jun Ji‐Ho , Lee Sung‐Chul , Lee Min‐Woo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to analyse the retinal microvasculature and choriocapillaris according to the dry age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) stage and to identify factors associated with their microvasculatures.MethodsPatients were divided into four groups: normal controls, early, intermediate and advanced AMD groups. The vessel density (VD) of superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) and choriocapillaris was compared using optical coherence tomography angiography among the groups. Linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with the VD.ResultsThe VDs of the SCP were 22.1 ± 5.7, 19.1 ± 5.4, 18.0 ± 6.4 and 12.2 ± 6.4% (p < 0.001); the VDs of the DCP were 22.4 ± 4.5, 20.7 ± 4.3, 18.1 ± 5.3 and 14.6 ± 5.8% (p < 0.001); the VDs of the choriocapillaris were 29.4 ± 3.7, 26.4 ± 4.8, 24.5 ± 4.9 and 24.2 ± 3.7% (p < 0.001) in the control, early, intermediate, and advanced groups, respectively. AMD stage and age were significantly associated with the VDs of all layers, and the VDs of the SCP and DCP were associated with visual acuity (both p < 0.001). Additionally, hypertension was associated with the VDs of the DCP (p = 0.027) and choriocapillaris (p = 0.024).ConclusionsThe retinal microvasculature and choriocapillaris tended to become more impaired as the AMD stage progressed. Age was significantly associated with the microvasculature impairments of all layers, and hypertension was significantly associated with impairments of the DCP microvasculature and choriocapillaris.
Cerebrospinal fluid infiltration by chronic myeloid leukaemia: Evaluation of cytomorphological features
Authors: Shastri Malvika , Mallik Nabhajit , Kundu Reetu , Rohilla Manish , Gupta Parikshaa , Gupta Nalini , Srinivasan Radhika , Dey Pranab 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and AimTo describe the cytomorphological findings of all cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology samples showing infiltration by chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and their correlation with haematological findings.Materials and MethodsA retrospective analysis of all CSF samples reported as showing infiltration by CML on cytology from January 2014 to December 2021 was performed.ResultsA total of 10 cases with positive CSF cytology were evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 34.1 years (range 17‐70 years). There were more males than females. All cases were pre‐diagnosed cases of CML on haematological investigations. On cytology, the smears showed atypical/immature blast‐like cells, with a high nucleo‐cytoplasmic ratio, opened‐up chromatin, 1‐2 conspicuous nucleoli and a scant to moderate amount of agranular to fine granular cytoplasm along with occasional granulocytic precursors. The shortest time interval for CSF positivity in a known case of CML was 5 months, and the longest interval was 11 years.ConclusionIt is extremely uncommon to encounter CML infiltration in CSF. Timely analysis of CSF cytology samples can allow quick diagnosis and alter the patient management protocol.
Association between single‐channel and cumulative exposure to alcohol advertising and drinking behaviours among Australian adolescents
Authors: Bain Emily , Scully Maree , Wakefield Melanie , Durkin Sarah , White Victoria 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionWidespread commercial promotion of alcohol products in Australia undermines the abstinence message for young people. This study aims to document the frequency of adolescents' exposure to alcohol advertising and examine associations with drinking behaviours.MethodsStudents aged 12–17 years (n = 3618) participating in a cross‐sectional survey self‐reported their exposure to alcohol advertising via eight sources. Students also indicated whether they had never consumed alcohol, consumed at least a few sips of alcohol in their lifetime but none in the past month (‘irregular drinkers’) or consumed more than 10 drinks in their lifetime including at least one drink in the past month (‘drinkers’). Multinomial logistic regression analyses examined associations between both single‐channel and cumulative exposure to alcohol advertising and drinking status, controlling for sex, age and education sector.ResultsTelevision (61%), the internet (56%) and at sporting events (50%) were the most common channels through which students reported seeing alcohol advertising. Weekly exposure via each of the eight assessed channels was associated with being a drinker (vs. a non‐drinker or an irregular drinker, respectively), whereas only weekly exposure via television and sporting events was associated with being an irregular drinker (vs. a non‐drinker). As students' level of cumulative exposure to alcohol advertising increased, so too did their likelihood of being a drinker.Discussion and ConclusionsAlcohol advertising exposure is positively associated with drinking among Australian adolescents. Tighter restrictions on alcohol advertising across all media in Australia may reduce adolescent exposure and help de‐normalise alcohol use.
Framings of risk and responsibility in newsprint media coverage of alcohol licensing regulations during the COVID‐19 pandemic in England
Authors: Reynolds Joanna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionLicensing is recognised as a World Health Organization (WHO) ‘best buy’ for reducing alcohol harms. In response to the 2020 COVID‐19 outbreak, many countries‐imposed restrictions on outlets selling alcohol to reduce virus transmission. In England, while shops selling alcohol were deemed ‘essential’, multiple restrictions were imposed on licenced outlets such as pubs and bars. Media reporting of licensing restrictions during the pandemic might have shaped public discourses of alcohol risks and responsibilities.MethodsThis study aimed to understand how alcohol licensing changes in England were framed in newsprint media. Two hundred and fifty‐three relevant articles from UK newsprint publications were identified through the Nexis database, published within six time points between March and December 2020 reflecting key changes to licencing in England. Thematic analysis, drawing on framing theory, was conducted to identify ‘problems’ framed in the reporting of these changes.ResultsFour dominant framings were identified: (i) licensed premises as ‘risky’ spaces; (ii) problematic drinking practices; (iii) problematic policy responses; and (iv) ‘victimisation’ of licensed premises. The presence of these framings shifted across the reporting period, but consistently, social disorder was constructed as a key risk relating to licensing changes over health harms from alcohol consumption.Discussion and ConclusionsThe analysis shows newsprint media reproduced narratives of ‘inevitable’ drinking culture and social disorder, but also emphasised expectations for evidence‐based policy‐making, in the context of licensing during the pandemic. Discourses of dissatisfaction with licensing decisions suggests potential for public health advocacy to push for licensing change to reduce alcohol health harms, in England and internationally.
Evaluation outcomes of an alcohol and pregnancy campaign targeting multiple audiences
Authors: Pettigrew Simone , Booth Leon , McCausland Tahnee , Kennington Kelly , Miller Mia , Bowden Jacqueline , Stafford Julia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a mass media campaign alerting the public to the potential harms of alcohol to unborn babies and to inform future intervention efforts.MethodAn online survey was administered to 889 adult Western Australians. The survey assessed demographic characteristics, typical alcohol use, recognition and perceptions of the campaign, and behavioural changes resulting from campaign exposure. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with perceived campaign effectiveness.ResultsMost respondents reported having seen/heard the campaign on at least one form of media (71%). Most considered the campaign to be believable (89%), clear (88%), trustworthy (87%), memorable (82%) and among the best they had seen (78%). As a result of campaign exposure, a large majority reported increased concern about drinking during pregnancy (85%) and most female respondents reported being much less likely to use alcohol during a pregnancy (83%). One‐third of female respondents (33%) reported that as a result of being exposed to the campaign they had decided not to consume alcohol while pregnant. Confidence to abstain, awareness of strategies to abstain, lower socioeconomic position, residing in the metropolitan area and recognising the campaign were significantly associated with greater perceived campaign effectiveness.Discussion and ConclusionsResults indicate the campaign was well received by respondents, increased concern about drinking alcohol during pregnancy and positively influenced women's intentions to refrain from drinking while pregnant. Well‐designed campaigns on alcohol avoidance during pregnancy can be considered acceptable and effective by target audiences.
P450 gene family mediates allelochemical detoxification and tolerance to alkaloids in cactophilic Drosophila
Authors: Carreira Valeria , Bouzas Santiago , Padró Julián , Soto Ignacio M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCacti are characterized by the extensive production of a broad variety of toxic metabolites as an anti‐herbivore strategy but nevertheless cactophilic Drosophila spp. (Diptera: Drosophilidae) feed and breed on decaying cacti. The family of cytochrome P450 is a group of enzymes involved in the detoxification metabolism, which are critical for the adaptation of phytophagous insects, especially populations of Drosophila exploiting cacti. In this context, Drosophila buzzatii Patterson & Wheeler and Drosophila koepferae Fontdevila & Wasserman (Drosophilini), constitute an excellent model for the study of the genetic basis of tolerance to cacti allelochemicals. These closely related species allow testing to what extent a relatively small set of genes can explain host use patterns and their role in the divergent evolution of specialization. We evaluated the role of the P450 genes in the adaptation of these species to the use of one of their hosts, the columnar cactus Trichocereus terscheckii (Parm.) Friedrich & GD Rowley (Cactaceae). Experimentally evolved strains exhibiting different degrees of cactus specialization were exposed to artificial rearing media enriched with cactus allelochemicals and piperonyl butoxide (PBO), an inhibitor of P450 family activity. Our analyses showed a significant viability reduction in the presence of PBO, in the non‐tolerant strains of both species as well as in the strain historically subjected to mild concentrations of allelochemicals (the soft strain) of D. koepferae. We confirmed the key role of P450 genes for the evolution of cactus specialization but also found evidence for the evolution of other detoxification pathways.
Exploring gamified learning for inculcating patient safety concepts in dentistry: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Song Yi Lin , Foo Lean Heong , Ong Meng Ann Marianne 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionFreshly graduated dentists transition from a supervised undergraduate school clinic into their workplace with limited knowledge on patient safety goals. Many studies have demonstrated benefits of using gamified media in clinical education, but no research has yet been conducted to find out its application in teaching patient safety concepts in dentistry. This study therefore aimed to find out the value of gamified learning in inculcating patient safety concepts in dentistry.Materials and MethodsThis mixed‐methods study was conducted on general dentists working in NDCS with a post‐bachelor's degree graduation work experience of ≤5 years using a conceptual framework consisting of pre/post‐knowledge assessment, game data and game performance review. A pre‐intervention knowledge test was conducted before a gamified learning educational intervention involving participants assuming the role of a clinician avatar managing different clinical scenarios in a game. After the intervention, participants completed an online survey. Focus group interviews were then organised to find out more about their game experience. A post‐intervention knowledge test was also conducted.ResultsQuantitative results showed a significant improvement in test scores of participants after gamified learning. Qualitative feedback of the gamified learning experience was largely positive with majority of participants finding it beneficial though it also revealed some negative aspects and areas of improvement to work on.ConclusionGamified learning was valuable in improving knowledge and enhancing learning of patient safety in this study group and has the potential for greater educational benefits given more funding to improve on the game prototype.
CaPTrends: A database of large carnivoran population trends from around the world
Authors: Johnson Thomas F. , Cruz Paula , Isaac Nick J. B. , Paviolo Agustin , González‐Suárez Manuela 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMotivationPopulation trend information is an ‘essential biodiversity variable’ for monitoring change in biodiversity over time. Here, we present a database of 1,122 population trends from around the world, describing changes in abundance over time in large mammal species (n = 50) from four families in the order Carnivora. For this subset of taxa, we provide approximately 21 times more trends than BioTIME and three times more trends than the Living Planet database.Main types of variables includedKey data fields for each trend: species, coordinates, trend time‐frame, methods of data collection and analysis, and population time series or summarized trend value. Population trend values are reported using quantitative metrics in 75% of records that collectively represent more than 6,500 population estimates. The remaining records qualitatively describe population change (e.g., increase).Spatial location and grainTrends represent 621 unique locations across the globe (latitude: −51.0 to 80.0; longitude: −166.0 to 166.0). Most trends (86%) are found within the Northern Hemisphere.Time period and grainOn average (mean), trends are derived from 6.5 abundance observations, and span in time from 1726 to 2017, with 92% of trends starting after 1950.Major taxa and level of measurementWe conducted a semi‐systematic search for population trend data in 87 species from four families in the order Carnivora: Canidae, Felidae, Hyaenidae and Ursidae. We compiled data for 50 of the 87 species.Software format.csv.
Productivity of beef cattle grazing Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu with and without nitrogen fertilizer application or mixed pastures with the legume Desmodium ovalifolium
Authors: dos Santos Camila Almeida , Monteiro Rafael Cassador , Homem Bruno Grossi Costa , Salgado Lucero Sarabia , Casagrande Daniel Rume , Pereira José Marques , de Paula Rezende Cláudia , Alves Bruno José Rodrigues , Boddey Robert Michael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe use of forage legumes to contribute biologically fixed nitrogen (N) to pastures is an alternative to increase beef cattle production in tropical regions. The objective was to compare the impact of the introduction of a legume with that of N fertilizer application on forage and animal production in Brachiaria pastures. This two‐year study assessed three pasture treatments: (1) mixed Marandu palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha [syn. Urochloa brizantha] cv. Marandu) and the legume “ovalifolium” (Desmodium ovalifolium) cv. Itabela (Mixed), (2) Marandu palisadegrass pastures with 150 kg N ha−1 (Fertilized), and (3) Marandu palisadegrass without N fertilizer (Unfertilized). Rotational stocking with a variable stocking rate was used with a target herbage allowance of 1.0 kg forage kg body weight−1. The pre‐grazing green herbage mass was similar for Fertilized and Mixed pastures, with 54% and 63% more mass than Unfertilized pasture, respectively (p < .001). Cattle that grazed the fertilized pasture had the greatest average daily gain (ADG; p = .017). The stocking rate and liveweight gain per area were greatest for the Fertilized and Mixed pastures (p < .001 and p < .001, respectively). No differences between treatments were found for DM forage intake (p = .555). Organic matter digestibility was lowest (p < .001) for the Mixed pasture. The inclusion of the ovalifolium legume in the Marandu pasture had the same impact on beef cattle production as annual fertilization with 150 kg N ha−1. The potential and environmental benefits of ovalifolium are discussed.
‘HERKUNFT IST ZUFALL’: ZU OFFENEN HERKUNFTS‐ UND HEIMATKONZEPTEN IN DER LITERATUR DER DEUTSCHEN POSTMIGRANTISCHEN GENERATION
Authors: Rutka Anna 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTIn the context of present mass migrations, escapes and ethnic wars, the traditional approach to origin and homeland in terms of belonging to an ethnically homogeneous nation, monocultures with one mother tongue and a strictly defined territory are subject to criticism and (re)‐defining. This article presents and analyses examples of four literary works whose authors are representatives of the young post‐immigrant generation in Germany: the prose texts by Saša Stanišić (Herkunft, 2020), Senthuran Varatharajah (Vor der Zunahme der Zeichen, 2017) and Katja Petrowskaja (Vielleicht Esther, 2014), and a radio play by Marina Frenk (Jenseits der Kastanien, 2017). In the selected prose works and radio play, the authors raise the issue of origin and homeland in the context of migration, globalisation, and transcultural movements. The article presents the complex processes of searching for adequate artistic expression for experiences related to disrupting family lineage continuity, loss of homeland as a country of birth, and multilingualism. The traditional patterns of stories about origin and homeland are broken and their semantics are redefined. Hybrid, open and ambiguous narrative forms replace the linearity of cause‐and‐effect chains. Belonging to a multitude of locations and systems, multilingualism, multi‐media, and transcultural strategies are a literary alternative to nationally coded models of origin and homeland.