bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of an evidence-based care pathway to improve mobility and participation in older patients with vertigo and balance disorders in primary care (MobilE-PHY2): Study protocol for a multicentre cluster-randomised controlled trial
Authors: Horstmannshoff Caren , Skudlik Stefanie , Petermann Jenny , Kiesel Theresia , Döringer Tobias , Crispin Alexander , Hermsdörfer Joachim , Köberlein-Neu Juliane , Jahn Klaus , Schädler Stefan , Bauer Petra , Voigt Karen , Müller Martin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

Vertigo, dizziness or balance disorders (VDB) are common leading symptoms in older people, which can have a negative impact on their mobility and participation in daily live, yet, diagnosis is challenging and specific treatment is often insufficient. An evidence-based, multidisciplinary care pathway (CPW) in primary care was developed and pilot tested in a previous study. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the CPW in terms of improving mobility and participation in community-dwelling older people with VDB in primary care.

Methods

For this multicentre cluster randomised controlled clinic trial, general practitioners (GP) will be recruited in two regions of Germany. A total of 120 patients over 60 years old with VDB will be included. The intervention is an algorithmized CPW. GPs receive a checklist for standardise clinical decision making regarding diagnostic screening and treatment of VDB. Physiotherapists (PT) receive a decision tree for evidence-based physiotherapeutic clinical reasoning and treatment of VDB. Implementation strategies comprises educational trainings as well as a workshop to give a platform for exchange for the GPs and PTs, an information meeting and a pocket card for home care nurses and informal caregivers and telephone peer counselling to give all participants the capability, opportunity and the motivation to apply the intervention. In order to ensure an optimised usual care in the control group, GPs get an information meeting addressing the national guideline. The primary outcome is the impact of VDB on participation and mobility of patients after six month follow-up, assessed using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) questionnaire. Secondary outcomes are physical activity, static and dynamic balance, falls and fear of falling as well as quality of life. We will also evaluate safety and health economic aspects of the intervention. Behavioural changes of the participants as well as barriers, facilitating factors and mechanisms of impact of the implementation will be investigated with a comprehensive process evaluation in a mixed-methods design.

Discussion

With our results we aim to improve evidence-based health care of community-dwelling older people with VDB in primary care.

Trial registration

DRKS, DRKS00028524 retrospectively registered on March 24, 2022, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00028524
The VertiGO! Trial: study protocol for evaluating efficacy and safety of prolonged daily stimulation with a multichannel vestibulocochlear implant prototype
Authors: Vermorken Bernd , Volpe B. , Boxel S.C.J. van , Stultiens J.J.A. , Hoof M. van , Loos E. , Soest A. van , Guinand N. , Fornos A. Pérez , Rompaey V. van , Devocht E. , de Berg R. van 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background: A combined vestibular (VI) and cochlear implant (CI) device, also known as the vestibulocochlear implant (VCI), was previously developed to restore both vestibular and auditory function. A new refined prototype is currently being investigated. This prototype allows for concurrent multichannel vestibular and cochlear stimulation. Although recent studies showed that VCI stimulation enables compensatory eye, body and neck movements, the constraints in these acute study designs prevent them from creating more general statements over time. Moreover, the clinical relevance of potential VI and CI interactions is not yet studied. The VertiGO! Trial aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of prolonged daily motion modulated stimulation with a multichannel VCI prototype.
Methods: A single-center clinical trial will be carried out to evaluate prolonged VCI stimulation, assess general safety and explore interactions between the CI and VI. A single-blind randomized controlled cross-over design will be implemented to evaluate the efficacy of three types of stimulation (i.e. two types of motion-modulated stimulation versus unmodulated baseline stimulation). Furthermore, this study will provide a proof-of-concept for a VI rehabilitation program. A total of minimum eight, with a maximum of 13, participants suffering from bilateral vestibulopathy and severe sensorineural hearing loss in the ear to implant will be included and followed over a five-year period. A VCI will be implanted into all three semicircular canals via the intralabyrinthine approach, and into the cochlea. After CI-rehabilitation, the VI will be fitted and one day of baseline testing will be planned before three periods of prolonged VI stimulation take place. Efficacy will be evaluated by collecting functional (i.e. image stabilization) and more fundamental (i.e. vestibulo-ocular reflexes, self-motion perception) outcomes. Hearing performance with a VCI and patient-reported outcomes will be included as well.
Discussion: The proposed schedule of fitting, stimulation and outcome testing allows for a comprehensive evaluation of the feasibility and long-term safety of a multichannel VCI prototype. This design will give insights into vestibular and hearing performance during VCI stimulation. Results will also provide insights into the expected daily benefit of prolonged VCI stimulation, paving the way for cost-effectiveness analyses and a more comprehensive clinical implementation of electrical vestibulocochlear stimulation in the future.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04918745. Registered 28 April 2021
Combined Wide-Field Imaging in Grading Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Menean Matteo , Sacconi Riccardo , Tombolini Beatrice , Federico Fantaguzzi , Bandello Francesco , Querques Giuseppe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives: To detect retinal neovascularization elsewhere (NVE), of the optic disc (NVD) and intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMA) in treatment naïve diabetic retinopathy (DR) and compare these findings by using 90° Wide-Field Color Fundus Photography (WF CFP), Wide-Field Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) and the combination of WF CFP and OCTA through overlay software.
Methods: Patients with treatment naïve severe non-proliferative DR or proliferative DR were prospectively enrolled. All patients underwent WF-CFP and OCTA in the same day. Two readers independently analysed WF-CFP, SD-OCTA and the overlay of the two techniques. The degree of agreement between the two raters and between different techniques (WF CFP, OCTA, WF CFP combined to OCTA) were measured with Cohen’s Kappa coefficient.
Results: Thirty-one eyes from 21 patients (10 males, mean age 63 ± 15 years) were included. Inter-rater agreement by using WF-CFP in detection of NVE, NVD and IRMA was respectively 0.62, 0.22 and 0.55. OCTA scored values of inter-rater agreement of 0.86, 0.87 and 0.92 in detection of NVE, NVD and IRMA, respectively. By combining WF-CFP and SD-OCTA, inter-rater agreement in detection of NVE, NVD and IRMA was 0.93, 0.94 and 0.89, respectively.
Conclusion: Inter-rater agreement in detection of NVE, NVD and IRMA was substantial, fair and moderate, respectively. OCTA provided almost perfect values of inter-rater agreement in NVE, NVD and IRMA detection. Combining WF-CFP and OCTA further empowered concordance values in detection of NVE and NVD. Combining OCTA and WF-CFP is the best performance to detect NVE and NVD.
Effect of brief verbal intervention (BVI) on the quality of optometry service by using unannounced standardized patient (USP) with refractive error: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (RCT)
Authors: Liang Huijuan , Li Jiaqi , Chen Xiaoshan , Luo Huanyuan , He Wenjun , Liu Siyuan , Zhang Nan , Zhang Ruotong , Zhang Lanping , Liu Yujie , Zhao Qing , Lv Sensen , Li Chunping , Xie Yunyun , Xu Dong (Roman) 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles in combination with biochar alleviates arsenic accumulation in field grown rice crop
Authors: SHUKLA KAVITA , Khanam Rubina , Biswas Jayanta kumar , Srivast Sudhakar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Plants require zinc (Zn) as an essential micronutrient since Zn plays important roles in metabolism. Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid whose accumulation in plants hampers growth of plants. Rice crops are grown under flooded conditions that make them vulnerable to double jeopardy of Zn deficiency andAs stress. The goal of this study was to observe the effect of ZnO nanoparticle (NPs) and ZnO-NPs + biochar on As and Zn accumulation in and growth of rice plants grown under flooded conditions. The study area was Chausa block in Buxar district, Bihar, India. Rice crops were treated with 80 mg L-1 of ZnO-NPs and biochar was added to soil at rate of 10 t ha-1. ZnO-NPs were sprayed at heading and jointing stage of crop development. The results showed a significant increase in plant biomass and total chlorophyll content in ZnO-NPs and ZnO-NPs + biochar with respect to control. The decline in electrolytic leakage and malondialdihyde (MDA) content was observed to be 48-62% and 14-55%, respectively in treated plants as compared to control. Further, As accumulation was reduced in rice tissues and grains while Zn accumulation was increased. The enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) showed higher activity in treated crop plants than in control plants. The findings confirm that ZnO-NPs and their combined use with biochar in flooded regions can help to improve growth, yield and reduced As accumulation in rice plant.
K+/π+ horn: appropriate statistics for dynamical nonequilibrium nonextensive particle production
Authors: Tawfik Abdel Nasser , Yassin Hayam , Elyazeed Eman Abo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We suggest that the incapability of the thermal models in reproducing the horn-like structure of the Kaon-to-pion ratios measured at AGS, SPS, and RHIC energies and then confirmed in the Beam Energy Scan programs is likely emerged from an ad hoc utilization of inappropriate types of statistics, either extensive additive Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) or the Tsallis-type of nonextensivity. In this regard, we emphasize that any suggested statistical approach for the dynamical and likely nonequilibrium nonextensive particle production, for example, Kaon and pion yields, should not necessarily remain valid over the whole range of the collision energies. We claim that generic (non)extensive statistics with two equivalence classes (c,d) is the most suitable statistical approach to replace all those assumptions and conjectures. Accordingly, the statistical ensemble itself becomes autonomously capable to determine its degree of extensivity or nonextensivity, where these are not necessarily limited to BG orTsallis. The generic approach covers the entire (c,d)-space, in which both extensive BG and nonextensive Tsallis statistics
are characterized by distinct equivalence classes, (1,1) and (0,q), respectively. The energy dependence of the light-, γq, and strange-quark occupation factor, γs, indicates that the produced particles are best described as a nonequilibrium ensemble, where the remarkable nonmonotonic behavior associating the horn-structure of K+/π+ ratio is qualitatively reproduced. On other hand, the resulting equivalence classes (c,d) refer to a generic nonextensivity associated with an extended exponential and a Lambert-W0 exponentially generating distribution function, which obviously emerge from free, short- and long-range correlations over the wide range of the collision energies. With this generic statistical approach, the hadron resonance gas model, ideal thermal model, excellently reproduces the K+/π+ ratio, including its nonmonotonic horn-like structure. Therefore, we conclude that the utilization of any specific type of extensive or nonextensive statistics must be strictly aligned to the statistical nature of the underlying ensemble, otherwise, the price to be paid becomes unexpectedly huge. Such a universal
conclusion apparently goes beyond the reproduction of the horn-like structure of K+/π+ ratio or particle physics to all possible statistical implications either on stock markets or economy or sociology or biological evolution or weather prediction, etc. This brings about the great deal of the present paper.
Research on regional differences, distribution dynamics and convergence of carbon emission levels of rural residents' living consumption in China
Authors: Hu Chiqun , Ma Xiaoyu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Climate change is an epochal problem that all countries in the world need to face and solve together. Actively exploring the path of carbon emission reduction is an inevitable choice to deal with climate change. Based on measuring the carbon emissions of China's rural residents' living consumption from 2000 to 2019, this study further adopts the Dagum Gini coefficient, Kernel density estimation, Markov chain, σ Convergence, and β Convergence Conduct empirical analysis on the measurement results. It is found that the differences in carbon emissions of rural residents' living consumption in the whole country, low, middle-low and middle-high level regions are all significantly decreasing, and the regional differences are the main source of the overall differences. There are no very high or very low carbon emissions of rural residents' living consumption in the middle-low level areas, while there is obvious two-stage differentiation in the middle-high level areas. There is instability in the carbon emissions of rural residents' living consumption, which can be transferred downward toward the ideal state, and there is also the risk of increasing carbon emissions and transferring upward; The whole country and the four regions showed typical σ Convergence and β Convergence characteristics. On this basis, the paper puts forward policy recommendations to reduce the spatial imbalance of carbon emissions from rural residents' living consumption. It provides a factual basis for reducing the carbon emissions of rural residents' living consumption at the current and future stages and provides a new scheme for sustainable development based on the concept of a community of shared future for mankind.
Hierarchical porous Mo-doped Co3O4 nanosheets for aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries with ultralong life
Authors: Lai Changwei , Qu Xiaoxiao , Guo Yao , Li Miaomiao , Song Haixiang , Lee Kwan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) have attracted many attentions because of their remarkable energy density, good reliability, and high safety as promising next-generation energy storage devices. However, the ZIBs also suffer from the restricted capacity and limited cycle life for the potential energy storage-conversion applications. In this work, the advanced Mo ions dopant in Co3O4-CNTc composites (as Mo-Co3O4-CNTc) with hierarchical porous ultrathin nanosheets have been prepared via the sol-gel method in the emulsion system as industrial manufacturing technologies and investigated as the promising cathode materials for aqueous rechargeable ZIBs. Owing to experimental electrochemical data and density-functional first-principles calculations, the as-prepared Mo-Co3O4-CNTc composites represent superior electrochemical performance than pure Co3O4 and Mo-Co3O4 electrode materials. Furthermore, the as-prepared MoCo-Zn batteries with zinc metal foil anode and Mo-Co3O4-CNTc cathode exhibited specific capacity of 195.7 mAh g–1 at 0.5 A g–1, energy density of 237.6 Wh kg–1 at 1692.4 W kg–1, and remarkably ultralong cycling life over 10000 cycles with 85.1% capacity retention according to the hierarchical porous structures with opened space as “ion-buffering reservoirs”. The MoCo-Zn batteries were systematically further investigated in the zinc ions storage mechanism via the ex-situ XRD patterns, Raman spectra, and XPS measurements. Hence, this work may promote the further development of innovative strategy to synthesize the carbon modification composites with hierarchical porous nanosheets as cathode materials for the ultra-long cycle-life aqueous rechargeable ZIBs towards potential applications.
Secondary conformation of MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 Spike Proteins revealed by Infrared Vibrational Spectroscopy
Authors: D'Arco Annalisa , Fabrizio Marta Di , Mancini Tiziana , Mosetti Rosanna , Macis Salvatore , Tranfo Giovanna , Ventura Giancarlo Della , Marcelli Augusto , Petrarca Massimo , Lupi Stefano 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
All coronaviruses are characterized by spike glycoproteins whose S1 subunit contains the receptor binding domain anchoring the virus to the host cellular membrane and regulating virus transmissibility and infectious process. Although the protein/receptor interaction depends on the spike secondary-conformation, in particular to its S1 unit, few is known about the secondary-structure of different coronaviruses. In this paper the S1 conformation is investigated for MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 in serological condition, by measuring their Amide I infrared vibrational absorption bands. The SARS-CoV-2 secondary structure reveals a strong difference in comparison to MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV ones, with a higher amount of intermolecular β-sheet content. Moreover, the conformation of SARS-CoV-2 S1 shows a significant change by moving from serological pH and mild acidic to alkaline pH conditions close to the bat ecological niche. Both results suggest a huge capability of SARS-CoV-2 S1 glycoprotein to adapt its secondary structure to different environments.
The Low Expression Of ALDOB Is Associated With Poor Prognosis In Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Cai Zhenxin , Bai Peide , Huang Haichao , Chen Bowen , Zhang Wenzhao , Luo Yu , Miao Chaohao , Hong Yongqiang , Lai Longhui , Zhu Kai , Zeng Yankai , Yang Yufeng , Xing Jinchun , Zhuang Xuan , Wang Tao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: Fructose bisphosphate aldolase (ALDOB) is a glycolytic metabolic enzyme, which is considered to be a therapeutic target for many cancers. However, ALDOB expression level and its regulatory mechanism in renal clear cell carcinoma is not clear. To explore ALDOB expression level and its regulatory mechanism in renal clear cell carcinoma we downloaded gene expression data sets and analyzed them by bioinformatics.
Methods: The gene expression data sets of GSE53757, GSE40435 and GSE105261 about human renal clear cell carcinoma were downloaded from the GEO database and analyzed by using the Venn diagram. We analyzed and screened out the relationship network of the interested target genes through GeneMANIA and STRING online software. These 6 target genes obtained were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curve. GO enrichment analysis of the target gene ALDOB was performed by DAVID, and the relationship between the expression of ALDOB and immune infiltration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma was analyzed by means of TIMER and TISIDB databases. Finally, a prognostic nomogram was constructed to predict the individual’s 3-year and 5-year survival probabilities.
Results: ALDOB gene is positively correlated to the survival and prognosis of patients with renal clear cell carcinoma. Furthermore, the overexpression of ALDOB can prolong the survival time of ccRCC patients. In addition, ALDOB can affect the ratio of CD4+T/CD8+T cells to influence renal clear cell carcinoma. Finally, the main mechanism of its overexpression prolonging the survival time of renal clear cell carcinoma may be involved in glycolysis.
Conclusions: These data showed that ALDOB gene could be a biomarker and therapeutic target for renal clear cell carcinoma
General Anesthesia in Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy and Acute Variceal Bleeding Undergoing Endoscopic Treatment: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Chen Tao , Wen Lin , Zhong Rui , Chen Xia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: The management of cirrhotic patient with encephalopathy and acute variceal bleeding（AVB） remains a clinical challenge with a high mortality. Early endoscopic therapies are frequently applied in patients with AVB. However, the application of general anesthesia in endoscopic surgery for patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is pretty challenging. The present study aimed to evaluate the possible effect of general anesthesia with tracheal intubation on patient complicated with encephalopathy and AVB during endoscopic procedure.
Methods: Thirty-six cirrhotic patients with encephalopathy and AVB were retrospectively studied, 14 patients underwent endoscopic treatment under general anesthesia with tracheal intubation, and 22 patients received pharmacological treatment, or and endoscopic therapy without general anesthesia served as control group. Routine clinical and laboratory data were collected.
Results: The total mortality rate was 13.9% (5/36), 2(14.3%) in anesthesia group, 3 (13.6%) in control group. The child-Pugh class of death cases were all grade C，3 (60%) of them were in the stage IV of HE. The stage of HE was all improved in the two groups, 12 (85.8 %) patients were totally recovered from consciousness disturbance in anesthesia group and 16 (72.7 %) in control group respectively, the difference between the two groups was not significant (P＞0.05). Except the death cases, there were still 3 patients in control group had impaired consciousness at discharge. Child-Pugh score, Child-Pugh class and the stage of HE in anesthesia group were significantly improved at discharge compared with those before operation.
Conclusions: General anesthesia does not aggravate the severity of encephalopathy, and endoscopic treatment under general anesthesia with tracheal intubation is effective for HE patients complicated with AVB.
Comparative transcriptome profiling of hair follicles from forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) at different stages
Authors: Zhao Qi , Hu Lifan , Li Guangqin , Wang Xiaoli , Duan Zhengang , Xiao Guosheng , Jie Hang , Qi Wenhua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Forest musk deer (FMD) is a valuable species distributed throughout southwest China, but there is a lack of comprehensive and reliable information on its growth and development.
Methods: We sequenced the hair follicle transcriptome of FMD from 13 individuals by RNA-seq. Vital biological processes or pathways of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in FMD were examined by GO and KEGG enrichment analyses and constructed a network of DEGs protein-protein interactions based on the STRING protein interaction database.
Results: The assembly yielded 71167 transcripts with a maximum length of 101907 bp and N50 value of 4942 bp. A total of 219 differentially expressed genes were identified in the study, of which 10 up-regulated and 209 down-regulated genes were at the anagen stage of hair follicles compared to their catagen stage. We identified ESR1, CAV1, FSTL1, TLR2, REM1, and FGFR1 as the hub genes. The result of the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that 31 KEGG pathways were significantly enriched in these two hair follicle groups. Including glycosaminoglycan binding proteins, endocrine system, cellular community-eukaryotes, etc.
Conclusion: An analysis of both GO and KEGG enrichment revealed that up-regulated genes were mostly associated with cell development and regulated signaling pathway. On the other hand, down-regulated genes were closely associated with diseases and the immune system. In conclusion, our findings provide insight into the mechanism of molecular regulation in hair follicle growth and will lay the groundwork for future studies on diseases caused by captive FMD.