bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central European forest–steppe: An ecosystem shaped by climate, topography and disturbances
Authors: Chytrý Kryštof , Willner Wolfgang , Chytrý Milan , Divíšek Jan , Dullinger Stefan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe occurrence and origin of dry grasslands and their rich biota in the moderately humid Central‐European climate have fascinated scientists for over a century. Modern palaeoecological and phylogeographical data support earlier hypotheses that these grasslands are late Pleistocene relicts and can therefore be considered part of the Eurasian forest–steppe biome. However, it is still unclear which factors fostered the maintenance of steppe patches in Central Europe throughout the Holocene. Here, we provide an overview of the main hypotheses, which stress, respectively, the effects of climate, edaphic conditions and disturbances. We then develop a general conceptual framework on how these three factors interact to form forest–steppe mosaics. We thereby emphasize the role of topography as a crucial control on forest–steppe patterns at the landscape scale. Topography is related to several mechanistic drivers that influence vegetation processes, such as near‐surface microclimate and soil formation. Consequently, topographic variation allows both forest and steppe patches to occur beyond their macroclimatic niche, favouring the development of forest–steppe mosaics. To illustrate our framework, we demonstrate the interactive effect of macroclimate and topography on the occurrence of steppe patches at 108 selected Central European forest–steppe sites. Although we developed our framework focusing on the current distribution of Central European forest–steppe, we suggest that it contributes to the understanding of similar transitions between temperate forest and steppe biomes in the past as well as elsewhere in the world.
Association between changes in facial flushing and hypertension across drinking behavior patterns in South Korean adults
Authors: Park Yu shin , Kang Soo Hyun , Park Eun‐Cheol , Jang Suk‐Yong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHeavy alcohol drinking has been reported to be associated with hypertension. Moreover, when drinking alcohol, individuals may experience symptoms such as facial flushing. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the association between changes in facial flushing and hypertension across different drinking behavior patterns in South Korean adults.Data from the Korea Community Health Survey conducted in 2019 were used, and 118 129 (51 047 men and 67 082 women) participants were included. The participants were divided into five groups based on the change in facial flushing (non‐drinking, non‐flushing to non‐flushing, flushing to flushing, non‐flushing to flushing, flushing to non‐flushing). The risk of hypertension in each facial flushing group was analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Men in the non‐flushing to flushing group had a significantly higher association with hypertension than other groups (men: odds ratio (OR) 1.42, confidence interval (CI) 1.14–1.76). According to the level of alcohol use disorder, the non‐flushing to flushing group showed a significantly increased odds of hypertension compared to all levels of drinking (men: mild drinking: OR 1.95, CI 1.40–2.71; moderate drinking: OR 2.02, CI 1.41–2.90; women: moderate drinking: OR 1.71, CI 1.16–2.52; heavy drinking: OR 1.90, CI 1.19–3.04).This study found a significant association between changes in facial flushing and hypertension among adults in South Korea. In particular, individuals who changed from non‐flushing to flushing reactions had an increased association with hypertension than the other groups. Compared to people at the same drinking level, people with non‐flushing to flushing reactions were highly associated with hypertension at moderate drinking level.
Camouflage orthodontic treatment combined with genioplasty distraction osteogenesis for skeletal class II relationship secondary to osteosarcoma excision surgery
Authors: Liu Zhixu , Wang Xudong , Zhu Min , Jiang Lingyong , He Yue , Tang Guohua , Yang Xiao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe treatment of orthodontic patients who survive head and neck tumors is challenging because of dentoskeletal deformities and other unexpected dental and facial complications. This case report describes the case of a 26‐year‐old woman who presented with mandibular retrognathia after survival from osteosarcoma.Clinical considerationsCamouflage orthodontic treatment was chosen instead of combined orthodontic‐orthognathic surgery after primary reconstructive surgery with an iliac bone graft. Genioplasty distraction osteogenesis (DO) was performed to achieve an optimal facial profile. Although unexpected condyle dislocation and epithelial hyperplasia occurred during treatment, a favorable facial profile and optimal skeletal and dental relationships were accomplished after 32 months of treatment.ConclusionsThe patient underwent genioplasty DO and experienced unexpected left condyle dislocation. However, the treatment achieved esthetic goals after intermaxillary elastics were applied.
An examination of the effect of inequality on lotteries for funding public goods
Authors: Oconnor Christopher , Zhang Li , Deck Cary 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe experimentally study the impact of inequality on the effectiveness of contests for funding public goods in a development context. We observe that the typical result of a lottery funding mechanism leading to greater funding for the public good than predicted by theory extends to groups with inequality. However, while theory suggests that increased inequality should lower total contributions to a lottery funded public good, we observe the opposite pattern. This result differs from prior results for the standard voluntary contribution mechanism where increased inequality has been found to reduce public good provision. Moreover, we find that the poor do not contribute a greater share of their endowment to the public good than do the wealthy. Thus, overall our study demonstrates the potential for community development projects, when funded with a lottery mechanism, to be highly successful even in the presence of inequality and may facilitate a progressive redistribution of wealth.
Effects of titanium dioxide microparticles and nanoparticles on cytoskeletal organization, cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation in human gingival fibroblasts in the presence of lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Li Lei , Sun Wei , Yu Jian , Lei Wenlong , Zeng Hao , Shi Bin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and objectiveTitanium wear particles may participate in the etiology of peri‐implantitis. However, the influence of titanium wear particles on biological behavior of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) in the presence of LPS is still not clear. The present study demonstrated the effects of titanium dioxide micro‐ and nanoparticles (TiO2 MPs and NPs) on HGF cell viability, cytoskeletal organization, adhesion, migration, and proliferation in vitro, and LPS was used to mimic the in vivo condition.MethodsPrimary HGFs were treated with TiO2 MPs (primary particle size <5 μm, 0.1 mg/ml) and NPs (primary particle size <100 nm, 0.1 mg/ml) with or without 1 μg/ml LPS. The effects of TiO2 MPs and NPs on HGFs cell viability was measured by CCK‐8 assay. The proliferation of HGF was detected by Ki67 nuclear staining. The confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) was used to detect the internalization of TiO2 MPs and NPs in HGFs as well as the arrangement of F‐actin, vinculin, and vimentin organization. Wound healing assay and transwell assay were performed to measure the migration of HGFs induced by TiO2 MPs and NPs. Cell adhesion was measured using fibronectin‐coated plates. The relative mRNA and protein expression of adhesion relative protein such as focal adhesion kinase (FAK), fibronectin (FN), and type I collagen (COL1) were measured using quantitative RT‐PCR and western blot analysis. One‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student's t‐test were used to analyze the statistical significance, and p < .05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsTiO2 NPs significantly inhibited HGF cell viability, proliferation, and migration compared with TiO2 MPs group and control group. Compared with control group (2.64 ± 0.09), the mean absorbance of the cells in 1 mg/ml TiO2 MPs group and 0.25 mg/ml TiO2 NPs group were significantly decreased to 1.93 ± 0.33 (p < .05) and 2.22 ± 0.18 (p < .01), respectively. The cytoskeleton disruption was found in TiO2 NPs group. The mRNA and protein expression were significantly downregulated by TiO2 NPs. Furthermore, both TiO2 NPs and MPs induced more adverse effects on HGFs in the presence of LPS.ConclusionOur results indicate that TiO2 NPs but not TiO2 MPs significantly disrupt the cytoskeletal organization and inhibited cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation of HGFs. However, in the presence of LPS, TiO2 MPs, and TiO2 NPs enhance these negative effects in HGFs. Titanium wear particles are probably involved in the initiation and progression of peri‐implant diseases.
Do we have enough evidence to propose a urinary biomarker of bladder ischemia? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Papaefstathiou Efstathios , Papaioannou Maria , Papaefstathiou Eirini , Apostolopoulou Aikaterini , Apostolidis Apostolos 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveUrinary bladder ischemia has been implicated in the pathogenesis of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). However, research regarding urinary molecular markers for diagnosis and prognosis of pelvic ischemia is still premature, hindering further implementation in clinical practice. The aim of this study is to systematically appraise biomarkers associated with bladder ischemia detected in urine.MethodsWe performed a systematic review of PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library in October 2021 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) statement. A subsequent reference search of retrieved articles was also performed. The identified reports were reviewed according to Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation's risk‐of‐bias tool for animal studies.ResultsEight publications were selected for this analysis. The included reports used 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) (in eight studies) as urinary marker of bladder ischemia. The pooled mean difference for urinary 8‐OHdG levels between study and control groups was 13.73 ng/mg creatinine (95% CI, 9.79‐17.67; P < .001; I2 = 69%) for rat studies and 3.71 ng/mg creatinine (95% CI, 2.91‐4.51; P < .001; I2 = 94%) for rabbit studies. The result remained statistically significant favoring the control group independent of the type of intervention used to achieve bladder ischemia. Regarding secondary outcomes, mean voided volume and micturition interval were significantly lower in the ischemia group.ConclusionThe lack of human randomized controlled trials is a major limitation. 8‐OHdG is a urinary biomarker to be investigated in future studies for diagnosis and prognosis of LUTS in patients with vascular injury or bladder outlet obstruction.
The emerging oral pathogen, Filifactor alocis, extends the functional lifespan of human neutrophils
Authors: Miralda Irina , Vashishta Aruna , Rogers Max N. , Lamont Richard J. , Uriarte Silvia M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPeriodontitis is a chronic inflammatory infectious disease that affects the integrity of tooth‐supporting tissues and has adverse systemic consequences. Advances in sequencing technologies have uncovered organisms that are exclusively found in high numbers in periodontal lesions, such as the gram‐positive anaerobic rod, Filifactor alocis. F. alocis can manipulate neutrophil effector functions, which allows the organism to survive within these granulocytes. Several neutrophil functions have been tested in the context of F. alocis challenge, but the effect of the organism on neutrophil apoptosis is still unknown. RNA sequencing of human neutrophils challenged with F. alocis showed that apoptosis pathways were differentially regulated. Compared to media‐cultured controls, F. alocis‐challenged neutrophils maintain their nuclear morphology, do not stain for Annexin V or 7‐AAD, and have decreased DNA fragmentation. Inhibition of apoptosis by F. alocis involved reduced caspase‐3, −8, and − 9 activation and upregulation of important anti‐apoptotic proteins. Prolonged lifespan was dependent on contact through TLR2/6, and F. alocis‐challenged neutrophils retained their functional capacity to induce inflammation for longer timepoints. This is the first in‐depth characterization of neutrophil apoptotic programs in response to an oral pathogen and provides key information on how bacteria manipulate immune cell mechanisms to maintain a dysregulated inflammatory response.
Exposure to intravenous posaconazole in critically ill patients with influenza: A pharmacokinetic analysis of the POSA‐FLU study
Authors: Van Daele Ruth , Wauters Joost , Dreesen Erwin , Boelens Jerina , Nulens Eric , Lormans Piet , Vanderbeke Lore , Jacobs Cato , Rijnders Bart , Verweij Paul E. , Brüggemann Roger J. , Spriet Isabel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundData on posaconazole in the critically ill are scarce. In the POSA‐FLU study, we examined the prevention of influenza‐associated pulmonary aspergillosis with posaconazole in this population.MethodsIn this observational sub‐study, we performed a pharmacokinetic analysis, including protein binding and target attainment (TA). Blood samples were collected over a 24 h‐dosing interval on both an early (Day 2 or 3) and a later (≥Day 4) treatment day.ResultsTarget attainment was shown for AUC0‐24 and Cmin prophylaxis but not for Cmin treatment. Moreover, a saturable protein binding with a significant, positive relationship between albumin concentrations and the maximum binding capacity was observed.ConclusionsOur analysis indicates that posaconazole may be a suitable drug to further investigate for prophylaxis, as TA for prophylaxis was reached. Exposure targets for treatment were insufficiently attained in this population.
Photoprotection Effects of Red Seaweed Meal (Grateloupia cf. Turuturu) as Feed Ingredient in Prawn Artemesia Longinaris
Authors: Arzoz Natalia Soledad , Marcoval Maria Alejandra , Diaz Ana Cristina , Espino Maria Laura , Velurtas Susana M. , Churio Maria Sandra , Orallo Dalila Elisabet , Fenucci Jorge Lino 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe aim of this research was to determine the effects of adding red seaweed meal rich in ultraviolet radiation absorbing compounds (UACs) to the diet of juvenile prawn Artemesia longinaris and its possible protective effects under stress by ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Three experimental diets were prepared: control diet (D) and two diets supplemented with red seaweed Grateloupia cf. turuturu meal at two inclusion levels (D1: 1 g/100 g; D2: 2 g/100 g). Three experiments were carried out: a) 45‐day feeding, b) digestibility, and c) radiation exposure experiment. After the 45‐day feeding experiment, no significant differences were found in growth and survival. Accumulation of UACs was detected only in animals fed D1 and D2, and concentration was significantly higher in animals fed D2, with concentrations (12.58 ± 3.50 OD g−1) and (3.17 ± 0.4 OD g−1) after 45‐day feeding and after 7‐day UVR exposure, respectively. After 7 days of exposure to different light treatments, significant differences were recorded inradical scavenging activities. In all UVR treatments, rapid signal decay was recorded in the first 5 min of reaction. The red seaweed Grateloupia cf. turuturumeal constitutes an interesting source of photoprotective compounds as an additive in the diet of A. longinaris.
An Experimental Study of Photoactivated Disinfection in the Treatment of Acute Pseudomembranous Stomatitis
Authors: Gu Yue , Zhang Lifang , Liu Juan , Zhang Xiao , Liu Na , Liu Qing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo investigate photoactivated disinfection (PAD) to treat acute pseudomembranous stomatitis, an animal model was established. Six‐week‐old male ICR mice were inoculated with Candida albicans under immunosuppression then divided into three groups (15 mice per group). Pseudomembranous area was measured, then mice had 1 mg mL−1 toluidine blue solution spread on the area, left for 1 min (PAD‐1 group) or 2 min (PAD‐2 group), then irradiated with a 750 mW LED red light for 1 min, a control group received no treatment. Fungal load was measured immediately; after 48 h of observation pseudomembranous area and fungal load were measured. The mice were sacrificed and histopathological examination was performed. Before treatment, pseudomembranous area scores were similar (3 to 4 points) in all groups; 48 h after treatment, the treatment groups' scores were lower (1 to 2 points) than the control group (3 to 4 points, P < 0.05). Immediately after treatment and 48 h later, the fungal loads of the treatment groups were lower than the control group (both P < 0.05). Histopathology of the treatment groups improved more than controls. The treatment groups' results were similar. Therefore, this method of PAD, with short treatment time, reduced the fungal load and pseudomembranous area scores in a mouse model of acute pseudomembranous stomatitis and may have clinical potential.
Early factors associated with risk of developmental coordination disorder in very preterm children: A prospective area‐based cohort study in Italy
Authors: Zoia Stefania , Biancotto Marina , Caravale Barbara , Valletti Alessandra , Montelisciani Laura , Croci Ileana , Voller Fabio , Rusconi Franca , Carrozzi Marco , Chiandotto Valeria , Di Lallo Domenico , Vicari Stefano , Cuttini Marina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundDevelopmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a motor disorder of unknown aetiology that may have long‐term consequences on daily activities, and psychological and physical health. Studies investigating risk factors for DCD have so far provided inconsistent results.ObjectivesTo assess, using a parent‐report screening tool, risk of DCD in school‐age very preterm children born in Italy, and investigate the associated early biomedical and sociodemographic factors.MethodsA prospective area‐based cohort (804 children, response rate 73.4%) was assessed at 8–11 years of age in three Italian regions. Perinatal data were abstracted from medical records. DCD risk was measured using the Italian‐validated version of the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ‐IT). For this study, children with cognitive deficit (i.e. intelligence quotient <70), cerebral palsy, severe vision and hearing disabilities, and other impairments affecting movement were excluded. A total of 629 children were analysed. We used inverse probability weighting to account for loss to follow‐up, and multilevel, multivariable modified Poisson models to obtain adjusted risk ratio (aRR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Missing values in the covariates were imputed.Results195 children (weighted proportion 31.8%, 95% CI 28.2, 35.6) scored positive on the DCDQ‐IT, corresponding to the 15th centile of the reference Movement‐ABC test. Factors associated with overall DCD risk were male sex (aRR 1.35, 95% CI 1.05, 1.73), intrauterine growth restriction (aRR 1.45, 95% CI 1.14, 1.85), retinopathy of prematurity (aRR 1.62, 95% CI 1.07, 2.45), and older maternal age at delivery (aRR 1.39, 95% CI 1.09, 1.77). Complete maternal milk feeding at discharge from the neonatal unit and higher parental socio‐economic status were associated with decreased risk.ConclusionsBoth biomedical and sociodemographic factors increase DCD risk. These findings can contribute to elucidating the origins of this disorder, and assist in the identification of children at risk for early referral and intervention.
Global real‐world data on hemodiafiltration: An opportunity to complement clinical trial evidence
Authors: Ficociello Linda H. , Busink Ellen , Sawin Dixie‐Ann , Winter Anke 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHemodiafiltration (HDF) is a renal replacement therapy that utilizes both diffusive clearance and convective transport to achieve greater clearance of middle‐molecular‐weight solutes. Among other factors, important prerequisites for the implementation of HDF include access to high‐flux dialyzers, achievement of high blood flow rates, and availability of high volumes of sterile substitution/replacement fluids. Online hemodiafiltration (OL‐HDF) is an established kidney replacement therapy, frequently used in many countries. Although in the United States, some prerequisites (e.g., access to high‐flux dialyzers and achievement of high blood flow rates) for OL‐HDF treatment are readily available; however, a machine capable of generating the online solution for OL‐HDF is currently not available. As the clinical experience with HDF accumulates globally, it is worth examining the evidence for this kidney replacement therapy as used in routine clinical care. Such real‐world evidence is increasingly recognized as valuable by clinicians and may inform regulatory decisions. In this review, we will focus on emerging global real‐world data derived from routine clinical practices and examine how these data may complement those derived from clinical trials.
Robust Lasso‐Zero for sparse corruption and model selection with missing covariates
Authors: Descloux Pascaline , Boyer Claire , Josse Julie , Sportisse Aude , Sardy Sylvain 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe propose Robust Lasso‐Zero, an extension of the Lasso‐Zero methodology, initially introduced for sparse linear models, to the sparse corruptions problem. We give theoretical guarantees on the sign recovery of the parameters for a slightly simplified version of the estimator, called Thresholded Justice Pursuit. The use of Robust Lasso‐Zero is showcased for variable selection with missing values in the covariates. In addition to not requiring the specification of a model for the covariates, nor estimating their covariance matrix or the noise variance, the method has the great advantage of handling missing not‐at random values without specifying a parametric model. Numerical experiments and a medical application underline the relevance of Robust Lasso‐Zero in such a context with few available competitors. The method is easy to use and implemented in the R library lass0.