bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Civic and Urban Performance of Song
Authors: O’Regan Susan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter considers songs written and performed in Cork during the politically contentious period 1750-1850. Following a turbulent century from 1640 onward, major demographic resettlements in the city resulted in two distinct communities, divided according to religion, class, and language. The songs reflect these divisions. While art songs were based on European models, new popular and vernacular songs were created through engagement with source airs from diverse traditions and genres, resulting in hybridized musical and textual forms, which proliferated in Irish urban centres from the late eighteenth century. In this chapter, sample songs will be examined in terms of adaptation process, intertextuality, and parody. Exploration of the reception and subsequent transmission of the songs indicates a multiplicity of meanings and associations, channelled through theatre performances, nationalist anthologies, commercial publications as well as oral tradition.
Examining the gender equity outlook and patriarchal beliefs of police constables in Allahabad, India: A machine learning approach
Authors: Tripathi Saumya 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This cross-sectional study examined the association between gender equity outlook (GEO) and patriarchal beliefs (PB) among 190 police constables in Allahabad, India. Results of linear regression and the scatter plot analysis revealed an inverse association (ß= −0.33, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16–0.49) between the GEO and PB of police constables. The feature selection technique of machine learning was also used to understand which socio-demographic characteristics were most important in explaining the GEO and PB. Recursive features elimination, a decision tree, random forest, ridge, and lasso regression showed gender as the most important feature (GEO ß= 3.66, 95% CI, P &lt; 0.00; PB ß= 9.54, 95% CI, P &lt; 0.00) followed by age and education in explaining the prevalence of GEO and PB. The findings underscore the importance of (re)shaping policing policies and interventions with a particular focus on gender equity and equality in eliminating the prevalent patriarchy among police in India.
Abstract 2 Development of CAR-NK Cell Therapy for Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Stoltzman Carrie , Chandrasekaran Devikha , von Euw Erika , McKay Cyd , Root Christina , Delaney Colleen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Natural killer (NK) cells can kill tumor cells without priming or prior activation through their complement of activating and inhibitory surface molecules. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) expression by engineered NK cells can improve both specificity and potency of the NK cells’ anti-tumor efficacy. CAR-NK cell therapy may be a safer, more clinically accessible, and cost effective allogeneic cellular therapy in comparison to autologous CAR-T cell therapy, as NK cells do not cause graft versus host disease (GvHD) or cytokine release syndrome (CRS).

Objective
We aimed to develop an allogeneic, cryopreserved, off-the-shelf CAR-NK cell product for the treatment of hematologic malignancies.

Methods
Our CD56+ NK cells are generated from cord blood-derived CD34+ cells, which undergo expansion and priming on a proprietary Notch ligand cell culture platform followed by a second culture phase of NK cell differentiation. These cells were transduced using a viral vector to express a CAR specific for an antigen expressed on the cell surface of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells. The CAR-NK cells were assessed for CAR expression, NK cell phenotype, and in vitro cytotoxicity both pre- and post-cryopreservation. An ALL xenograft mouse model was treated using repeat doses of cryopreserved CAR-NK cell product, with readouts of body weight, tumor growth, and survival.

Results
The transduced CAR-NK cell product displayed viability and phenotyping comparable to the untransduced control NK cell product but possessed significantly enhanced cytotoxicity against ALL target cells in vitro. Following cryopreservation and thaw, the CAR-NK cell product retained CAR expression and maintained enhanced anti-tumor function in vitro. Cryopreserved CAR-NK cell product was safely given in up to 8 repeat doses to ALL xenograft mice and significantly inhibited tumor growth as well as increased survival compared with control NK cell product.

Discussion
We have demonstrated in this proof-of-concept study that our cord blood CD34+ cell-derived CAR-NK cell product can maintain CAR expression, with specific and enhanced potency both in vitro and in vivo, following cryopreservation and thaw. Additional preclinical studies are planned to develop CAR-NK off-the-shelf cell therapy for AML and other hematologic malignancies.
Abstract 5 Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Cell Therapy Product, DUOC-01, Promotes Remyelination by Driving the Differentiation of Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells
Authors: Xu Li , Saha Arjun , Parrott Roberta , O’Neil Shane , Kurtzberg Joanne , Filiano Anthony 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Introduction
DUOC-01 is a macrophage-like cell therapy product manufactured by culturing banked human umbilical cord blood cells under GMP conditions. Currently, the safety of DUOC-01 is being tested as a bridging therapy in children with demyelinating leukodystrophies undergoing unrelated donor umbilical cord blood transplantation after myeloablative conditioning. DUOC-01 protects against loss of function in several preclinical models with demyelinating conditions of the central nervous system, making it an attractive therapy for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who experience destruction of myelin sheaths as pathology of their disease. The mechanism by which DUOC-01 promotes remyelination and if it directly influences oligodendrocyte lineage cells is untested.

Objective
Using multiple systems (primary oligodendrocyte precursor cell [OPC] cultures, in vitro cerebellar slice cultures, and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis [EAE], a mouse model of MS), we examined how DUOC-01 influences numerous steps of pathology and recovery.

Methods
Using a brain slice culture, we added DUOC-01 to the lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-treated slices. We quantified myelinated axons by assessing percent co-localization of myelin basic protein and neurofilament in the control, LPC, and LPC+DUOC-01 groups. To test the DUOC-01 effect in the EAE model, we immunized C57BL/6 mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide (MOG35-55) in complete Freund’s adjuvant. To match clinical protocols, we incubated DUOC-01 in Ringer’s lactate with hydrocortisone (HC) for 2 hours at room temperature. At the onset of EAE disease symptoms, we injected DUOC-01 into the cerebrospinal fluid by a single intra-cisterna magna injection, then recorded clinical scores daily for 2 weeks. To test if DUOC-01 could directly affect OPCs, we set up a primary OPC culture isolated from neonatal mice and added DUOC-01 treatment to the culture.

Results
In the cerebellar slice model, we demonstrated a higher number of myelinated neuron fibers in the DUOC-treated group compared with the LPC-treated group. In the EAE model, compared with mice injected with Ringer’s or HC+Ringer’s, mice injected with DUOC-01 derived clinical benefit with lower clinical scores. In the primary OPC culture, the DUOC-01 treatment drove the maturation of OPC to become myelin producing oligodendrocytes.

Discussion
Our data suggest that DUOC-01 could be beneficial in treating MS and other diverse neurological demyelinating conditions.
Abstract 14 Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Application for Spasticity Treatment in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Petriv Taras , Tatarchuk Michael , Tsymbaliyk Yaroslav , Rybachuk Oksana , Tsymbaliuk Yulia , Tsymbaliuk Vitaliy 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to disability in young patients. Impaired motor function due to spasticity in such patients is significant. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (UC-MCS) are promising in the treatment of MS, in particular because they have a positive neurotrophic effect, promote remyelination, and thus, reduce spasticity.

Objective
The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of combined (intrathecal and intravenous) administration of UC-MCS on spasticity reduction.

Methods
Patients with MS (n = 27) underwent general and neurological examinations (Ashworth Scale for spasticity). The mean age of patients was 35.25 ± 13.72 years. Patients in group 1 (n = 12) were treated with cultured UC-MSCs, which met the phenotypic and morphologic criteria of the MCS. Patients in group 1 received a total dose of UC-MSCs at the rate of 1 × 106/kg body weight, 20 × 106 of which was administered intrathecally. Intrathecal administration was performed according to the typical method of performing lumbar puncture in the operation room using local anesthesia. Patients in group 2 (n = 15) were treated according to the National Multiple Sclerosis Treatment Protocol (https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/rada/show/v0487282-07#Text). Repeated clinical examination was performed after 1, 6, and 12 months.

Results
Comparing spasticity in the two groups of patients before treatment, no differences were found (P = .468). No statistically significant difference between the groups was found after 1 month (P = .426). Statistically significant spasticity reduction was observed 6 months after treatment (P = .01) and 1 year after treatment, in favor of group 1 (P = .009). The results indicate no improvement in spasticity reduction in the first month after treatment of patients with UC-MSCs. The positive effect was observed for 6 months after treatment and continued up to 1 year.

Discussion
UC-MSC significantly reduce spasticity in patients with MS and contribute to the regression of movement disorders for 6 months and up to 1 year after treatment. This result is probably achieved due to the immunomodulatory and remyelination properties of MSCs. Study results suggest the need to extend the observation period and conduct larger multicenter randomized studies.
Analyzing Continuous Physiologic Data to Find Hemodynamic Signatures Associated With New Brain Injury After Congenital Heart Surgery
Authors: Nicoll Jessica , Somer Jonathan , Eytan Danny , Chau Vann , Marini Davide , Lim Jessie Mei , Greer Robert , Aly Safwat , Seed Mike , Miller Steven P. , Laussen Peter C. , Mazwi Mjaye L. , Schwartz Steven M. 
Published: September 2022

IMPORTANCE:
Continuous data capture technology is becoming more common. Establishing analytic approaches for continuous data could aid in understanding the relationship between physiology and clinical outcomes.

OBJECTIVES:
Our objective was to design a retrospective analysis for continuous physiologic measurements and their relationship with new brain injury over time after cardiac surgery.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
Retrospective cohort study in the Cardiac Critical Care Unit at the Hospital for Sick Children in patients after repair of transposition of the great arteries (TGA) or single ventricle (SV) lesions.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
Continuously acquired physiologic measurements for up to 72 hours after cardiac surgery were analyzed for association with new brain injury by MRI. Distributions of heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (BP), and oxygen saturation (Spo2) for SV and TGA were analyzed graphically and with descriptive statistics over postoperative time for data-driven variable selection. Mixed-effects regression analyses characterized relationships between HR, BP, and Spo2 and new brain injury over time while accounting for variation between patients, measurement heterogeneity, and missingness.

RESULTS:
Seventy-seven patients (60 TGA; 17 SV) were included. New brain injury was seen in 26 (34%). In SV patients, with and without new brain injury, respectively, in the first 24 hours after cardiac surgery, the median (interquartile range) HR was 172.0 beats/min (bpm) (169.7–176.0 bpm) versus 159.6 bpm (145.0–167.0 bpm); systolic BP 74.8 (67.9–78.5 mm Hg) versus 68.9 mm Hg (61.6–70.9 mm Hg). Higher postoperative HR (parameter estimate, 19.4; 95% CI, 7.8–31; p = 0.003 and BP, 8.6; 1.3–15.8; p = 0.024) were associated with new brain injury in SV patients. The strength of this relationship decreased with time.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:
Retrospective analysis of continuous physiologic measurements can provide insight into changes in postoperative physiology over time and their relationship with new brain injury. This technique could be applied to assess relationships between physiologic data and many patient interventions or outcomes.
A Rare Case of Monomorphic T-Cell Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder Presenting as Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK Negative
Authors: Robbins Quinn C. , Schmieg John , Rush Walter L. , Allbritton Jill I. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders are a serious complication of hematopoietic and solid organ transplants secondary to iatrogenic immunosuppression. Most cases present as B-cell proliferations which are often Epstein–Barr virus positive; however, ∼10% of cases are T/NK cell and are less commonly associated with Epstein–Barr virus. Of these, cutaneous T/NK-cell lymphomas are exceedingly rare. We report a case of a 69-year-old male, liver transplant recipient who presented with a tender, bright red papule on the left arm during his annual skin cancer screening. Histopathologic evaluation revealed pleomorphic cells with enlarged nuclei, vesicular chromatin, and frequent mitotic figures, intercalating through the dermis. The tumor formed single strands and small cords without epidermal involvement. A patchy mild mixed inflammatory infiltrate was associated with the tumor. Tumor cells were CD2(+), CD4(+), CD30(+), CD3(−), CD20(−), ALK-1(−), and EBER(−). Molecular studies revealed a monoclonal T-cell receptor gamma gene rearrangement by polymerase chain reaction (PCR); ALK gene rearrangement was negative by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Taken together, the findings were consistent with an ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma involving skin, which, given the history of liver transplant, qualified as a monomorphic T-cell posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder. Follow-up imaging studies showed no evidence of systemic disease, supporting an interpretation of primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma.
Cutaneous Malignant Squamomelanocytic Tumor: A Case Report of a Rare Neoplasm
Authors: Zipperer Kate , Good Allison J. , Gibson Bernard R. , Goodwin Brandon 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Cutaneous squamomelanocytic tumor (SMT) is an exceedingly rare cutaneous malignancy characterized by the presence of both squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma within a single tumor. SMT typically presents clinically as keratotic skin papulonodules, most commonly occurring on the face, scalp, or other sun-exposed areas of middle-aged to elderly White male patients. Owing to the rare nature of this tumor, the histogenesis and prognosis remain relatively unclear. Histopathological examination of the tangential biopsy revealed an invasive cutaneous malignancy consisting of 2 distinct yet closely associated atypical cell populations: (1) a population of atypical squamoid epithelial cells arranged in cords and keratin pearls and (2) a population consisting of atypical, spindled cells with fine melanin pigment arranged in confluent sheets. Both populations of atypical cells emanated in an invasive pattern from the underside of the overlying epidermis into the deep dermis. Squamomelanocytic tumors are among the rarer types of collision tumors between 2 malignant lesions as most are basomelanocytic. For most reported SMTs, the melanoma population comprises epithelioid cell morphology, whereas our tumor is composed of spindled cell morphology. In this article, we exemplify a unique case of SMT in an 87-year-old male patient.
Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma With Aberrant CD20 Expression: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Mark Erica , Sutton Mark , Gru Alejandro 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:Cutaneous CD20+T-cell lymphomas are exceedingly rare. Differentiating cases of T-cell lymphoma with aberrant expression of the B-cell marker CD20 from B-cell lymphoma may be associated with misdiagnosis or delays in diagnosis. We report, to the authors' knowledge, the first case of CD20+primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma and review the literature to characterize published cases of CD20+cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (n = 40). There is no accepted explanation for this phenomenon; however, it is suspected that these cases may be due to neoplastic transformation of CD20+T cells or that CD20 may represent a T-cell activation marker. Expression of CD20 may have clinical significance in prognostication and consideration of treatment options with anti-CD20 therapies such as rituximab.
Folliculosebaceous Cystic Hamartoma Arising in Miescher-Type Melanocytic Nevi
Authors: Ishihara Yuri , Ogita Azusa , Ito Keigo , Saeki Hidehisa , Ansai Shin-ichi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma (FSCH) is a rare cutaneous hamartoma consisting of dilated folliculosebaceous units associated with mesenchymal elements. Ansai et al reported that distinctive features of Miescher-type melanocytic nevi (MMCNs) accompanied 4.6% of FSCH; however, there have been no data about how often FSCH features accompany MMCNs. In this study, we used 7829 cases that had been histopathologically diagnosed as MMCNs of the face, neck, and scalp at the Department of Dermatopathology, Nippon Medical School Musashi Kosugi Hospital and observed whether features of FSCH accompanied them. Of the resected MMCNs, 274 of 7829 (3%) were accompanied by features of FSCH. The nose was the most common resection site, followed by the eyebrow area, ear, and cheek. The coexistence rate for the nevi on the nose and features of FSCH was as high as 10%–20%, and its rate increased with age. We found that FSCH appears mostly in seborrheic areas, such as the nose and cheek, which are rich in normal sebaceous glands. This suggests that nevi, especially on and around the nose, may induce FSCH or similar lesions.
Autoantibodies and Cardiomyopathy: Focus on Beta-1 Adrenergic Receptor Autoantibodies
Authors: Tang Wai Hong Wilson , Naga Prasad Sathyamangla V. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Antibody response to self-antigens leads to autoimmune response that plays a determinant role in cardiovascular disease outcomes including dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Although the origins of the self-reactive endogenous autoantibodies are not well-characterized, it is believed to be triggered by tissue injury or dysregulated humoral response. Autoantibodies that recognize G protein-coupled receptors are considered consequential because they act as modulators of downstream receptor signaling displaying a wide range of unique pharmacological properties. These wide range of pharmacological properties exhibited by autoantibodies has cellular consequences that is associated with progression of disease including DCM. Increase in autoantibodies recognizing beta-1 adrenergic receptor (β1AR), a G protein-coupled receptor critical for cardiac function, is observed in patients with DCM. Cellular and animal model studies have indicated pathological roles for the β1AR autoantibodies but less is understood about the molecular basis of their modulatory effects. Despite the recognition that β1AR autoantibodies could mediate deleterious outcomes, emerging evidence suggests that not all β1AR autoantibodies are deleterious. Recent clinical studies show that β1AR autoantibodies belonging to the IgG3 subclass is associated with beneficial cardiac outcomes in patients. This suggests that our understanding on the roles the β1AR autoantibodies play in mediating outcomes is not well-understood. Technological advances including structural determinants of antibody binding could provide insights on the modulatory capabilities of β1AR autoantibodies in turn, reflecting their diversity in mediating β1AR signaling response. In this study, we discuss the significance of the diversity in signaling and its implications in pathology.
TECHNIQUE FOR REMOVAL OF A GANCICLOVIR IMPLANT DISLOCATED IN THE VITREOUS CAVITY
Authors: Lenis Tamara L. , Botsford Benjamin E. , Kovacs Kyle D. , Papakostas Thanos D. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:
To report a technique to remove a dislocated ganciclovir implant in the vitreous cavity.

Methods:
Retrospective case series. Two patients with dislocated ganciclovir implants in the vitreous cavity.

Results:
A 6-mm pars plana incision was made; the soft tip was used to elevate the implant behind the intraocular lens and then 0.12-mm forceps were used to externalize the implant. The implant was successfully removed in both patients.

Conclusion:
Removal of a dislocated ganciclovir implant with its encasing strut can be effectively retrieved using a bimanual approach.
Optic perineuritis
Authors: Saitakis George , Chwalisz Bart K. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose of review
This review paper aims at discussing pathogenesis, etiology, clinical features, management, and prognosis of OPN.

Recent findings
Optic perineuritis (OPN) is an inflammatory process primarily involving the optic nerve sheath. Clinically, OPN usually presents with unilateral, gradual decline of visual function, eye pain, and/or pain on eye movements, disc edema and various features of optic nerve dysfunction, including visual field defects. It can mimic typical optic neuritis. In most cases of OPN, the disease is isolated with no specific etiology being identified, however, it can also occur secondary to a wide range of underlying systemic diseases. OPN is clinically diagnosed and radiologically confirmed based on the finding of circumferential perineural enhancement of the optic nerve sheath on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Summary
Unlike optic nerve, OPN is not typically self-limited without treatment. High-dose oral corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment in OPN. The initiation of therapy usually causes rapid and dramatic improvement in signs and symptoms. In general, OPN usually has a relatively good visual prognosis, which is influenced by delays between the onset of visual loss and the initiation of steroid therapy as well as the presence of underlying systemic diseases.