bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prescriptions for insulin and insulin analogues in children with and without major congenital anomalies: A data linkage cohort study across six European regions
Authors: Given Joanne , Morris Joan K. , Garne Ester , Ballardini Elisa , Barrachina-Bonet Laia , Cavero-Carbonell Clara , Gissler Mika , Gorini Francesca , Heino Anna , Jordan Sue , Neville Amanda J. , Pierini Anna , Scanlon Ieuan , Tan Joachim , Urhoj Stine K. , Loane Maria 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Are children with major congenital anomalies more likely to develop type 1 diabetes, as indicated by prescriptions for insulin, than children without congenital anomalies? The aim of this study is to evaluate prescription rates of insulin/insulin analogues in children aged 0-9 years with and without major congenital anomalies.Methods: A EUROlinkCAT data linkage cohort study, involving six population-based congenital anomaly registries in five countries. Data on children with major congenital anomalies (60,662) and children without congenital anomalies (1,722,912), the reference group, were linked to prescription records. Birth cohort and gestational age were examined.Results: The mean follow-up for all children was 6.2 years. In children with congenital anomalies aged 0-3 years, 0.04 per 100 child-years (95% CIs 0.01-0.07) had >1 prescription for insulin/insulin analogues compared with 0.03 (95% CIs 0.01-0.06) in reference children, increasing ten-fold by age 8-9 years. The risk of >1 prescription for insulin/insulin analogues aged 0-9 years in children with non-chromosomal anomalies (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.84-1.00) was similar to that of reference children. However, children with chromosomal anomalies (RR 2.37, 95% CI 1.91-2.96), and specifically children with Down syndrome (RR 3.44, 95% CIs 2.70-4.37), Down syndrome with congenital heart defects (RR 3.86, 95% CIs 2.88-5.16) and Down syndrome without congenital heart defects (RR 2.78, 95% CIs 1.82-4.27), had a significantly increased risk of >1 prescription for insulin/insulin analogues aged 0-9 years compared to reference children. Female children had a reduced risk of >1 prescription aged 0-9 years compared with male children (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.64-0.90 for children with congenital anomalies and RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.87-0.93 for reference children). Children without congenital anomalies born preterm (<37 weeks) were more likely to have >1 insulin/insulin analogue prescription compared to term births (RR 1.28, 95% CIs 1.20-1.36). Conclusions: This is the first population-based study using a standardised methodology across multiple countries. Males, children without congenital anomalies born preterm and those with chromosomal anomalies had an increased risk of being prescribed insulin/insulin analogues. These results will help clinicians to identify which congenital anomalies are associated with an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes and allow them to reassure families of children who have non-chromosomal anomalies that their risk is similar to that of the general population.
Interdigitated distributed networks support convergent linguistic functioning across different languages in bilinguals
Authors: Geng Shujie , Guo Wanan , Rolls Edmund , Xu Kunyu , Jia Tianye , Zhou Wei , Blakemore Colin , Tan Li-Hai , Cao Miao , Feng Jianfeng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
How bilingual brains accomplish the processing of more than one language has been widely investigated by neuroimaging studies. The assimilation-accommodation hypothesis holds that both the same brain neural networks supporting the native language and additional new neural networks are utilized to implement second language processing. However, whether and how this hypothesis applies at the finer-grained levels of both brain anatomical organization and linguistic functions remain unknown. To address this issue, we scanned Chinese-English bilinguals during an implicit reading task involving Chinese words, English words and Chinese pinyin. We observed broad brain cortical regions wherein interdigitated distributed neural populations supporting the same cognitive components of different languages. Although spatially separate, regions including the opercular and triangular parts of the inferior frontal gyrus, temporal pole, superior and middle temporal gyrus, precentral gyrus and supplementary motor areas were found to perform the same linguistic functions across languages, indicating regional-level functional assimilation supported by voxel-wise anatomical accommodation. Taken together, the findings not only verify the functional independence of neural representations of different languages, but show co-representation organization of both languages in most language regions, revealing linguistic-feature specific accommodation and assimilation between first and second languages.
Structural and functional landscape of α-synuclein fibril conformations amplified from cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Sokratian Arpine , Zhou Ye , Xu Enquan , Viverette Elizabeth , Dillard Lucas , Yuan Yuan , Li Joshua , Matarangas Ariana , Bouvette Jonathan , Borgnia Mario , Bartesaghi Alberto , West Andrew 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Lewy body dementias are pathologically defined by the deposition of α-synuclein fibrils into inclusions throughout the brain. Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) in disease harbors circulating α-synuclein-fibril seeds, and parental α-synuclein fibrils can template core structure into amplified fibrils. Using cryo-electron microscopy, we identify six novel α-synuclein fibril assemblies amplified from ten CSF samples (3.8Å to 2.9Å nominal resolutions). Fibrils are classified based on two types of filament interaction, two types of β-sheet stacking, and two types of hydrophobic pocket. CSF-amplified fibril products have one, two, or three distinct assemblies each. Six of ten samples share a common fibril assembly. Within this classification, the fibrils have distinct profiles in amyloid dye binding, and dramatically different potencies in both seeding new inclusions in neurons and evoked microglial pro-inflammatory responses. However, no single structural feature predicts functional phenotypes. Our results highlight CSF as a valuable resource to identify novel α-synuclein assemblies potentially important in disease.
Analytic Approach of Predicting Employee Attrition Using Data Science Techniques
Authors: R Vinston Raja , Doss Srinath , k Ashok Kumar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Employee turnover has turn out to be a large venture for data technological know-how companies. The departure of key software program builders would possibly reason large loss an IT business enterprise in view that they additionally leave with essential commercial enterprise understanding and integral technical skills. It is fundamental for IT companies to apprehend developer turnover in order to keep certified builders and reduce injury due to developer exit. In this research, monthly self-report of the software developers includes developer’s activities, working hours, no of projects they have been assigned etc. will been taken into account for analysis for doing the prediction with the help of data science algorithm. By the usage of NB algorithm, KNN algorithm and SVM algorithm, prediction mannequin has been in contrast on the experimental groundwork and supply the end result of which algorithm is performing better. Then, this fantastic mannequin will be given to HR managers to predict whether or not the worker will depart the corporation or not.
Succinylation-Associated LncRNA Signature as the Prognosis of Colon Cancer Identified by an Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Zhang Siming , shen Cheng , Gu Jue , Li Jing , Jiang Xiaohui , Wu Zhijun , Shen Aiguo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Though treatment techniques and strategies for colon cancer (CC) enhanced, the 5-year survival rate has not been significantly improved. Succinylation and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are uncertain for the prognostic value in the CC patients. We applied to analyze and obtain succinylation-related lncRNA by coexpression in CC. A novel succinylation-related lncRNA model was constructed by univariate and lasso regression analysis and established principal component analysis (PCA), functional enrichment annotation, tumor immune environment, drug sensitivity and nomogram to verify the model, respectively. Six succinylation-related lncRNA in CC were finally confirmed and distinguish the survival status in our model which was statistically significant differ in training set, testing set, and entire set. The prognosis value with this model associated with age, gender, M0 stage, N2 stage, T3+T4 stage and Stage III+IV. The high-risk group showed a higher mutation rate than the low-risk group. We constructed a model predict overall survival for 1-, 3-, and 5-year with AUCs of 0.694, 0.729, and 0.802. Cisplatin and Temozolomide compounds possess sensitivity in the high-risk group. Our study provided novel insights into the value of the succinylation related lncRNA signature as a predictor of prognosis, which possess high clinical application value in the future.
The accuracy and usability of point-of-use fluoride biosensors: a field study in Nakuru County, Kenya
Authors: Young Sera , Awuor Diana , Owuor Patrick , Thavarajah Walter , Kiprotich Karlmax , Aggarwal Rahul , Lucks Julius 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Geogenic fluoride contaminates the water of tens of millions of people. However, many are unaware of the fluoride content due in part to shortcomings of detection methods. Biosensor tests are a relatively new approach to water quality testing that address many of these shortcomings but have never been tested by non-experts. We therefore sought to assess the accuracy and usability of a point-of-use fluoride biosensor using surveys and field tests in Nakuru County, Kenya. The biosensor tests accurately classified elevated fluoride (≥ 1.5 ppm) in 89.5% of the 57 samples tested. Usability was also high, with all participants able to use the test and all but one sample correctly interpreted. These data suggest that biosensor tests can provide accurate, meaningful water quality data to help non-experts make decisions about the water they consume. Further scaling of these technologies could provide new approaches to track global progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 6.
Psychological resilience mediates the association of the middle frontal gyrus functional connectivity with sleep quality
Authors: Shi Yan , Bai Youling , Zhang Li , Chen Yang , Liu Xiaoyi , Liu Yunpeng , Yin Huazhan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The ability to recover from stress, which is essential for sleep quality, is characterized as psychological resilience. Meanwhile, poor sleep quality is commonly related to low psychological resilience. However, the neurological underpinnings of psychological resilience, as well as the neural substrates of the links between psychological resilience and sleep quality in healthy brains, remain not well understood. Based on the recent studies that the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) acted a important role in psychological resilience. The current study sought to determine the association between functional connectivity of the MFG and psychological resilience in 144 young college students using resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) analysis. Then, we examined how psychological resilience-related functional connectivity was linked to sleep quality. Results indicated that the MFG functional connectivity was observed to associate with psychological resilience. These connectivities involved the right middle cingulum gyrus (rMCG), the right precentral gyrus (rPreCG), the left postcentral gyrus (lPoCG), and the left thalamus. In addition, mediation analysis suggested that psychological resilience played a mediating role in the relationship among the rMFG-rMCG, the rMFG-rPreCG, the rMFG-lPoCG, and the lMFG-left thalamus and sleep quality. Overall, the current study offers new evidence for the neurological underpinnings of psychological resilience and brings to light an underlying mechanism that the relationship between MFG connectivity and sleep quality is mediated through psychological resilience.
A predictive model for thirty-day mortality of fungemia in ICUs
Authors: xie peng , wang wenqiang , Dong Maolong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Few predictive models have been established to predict the risk of thirty-day mortality from fungemia. This study aims to create a nomogram to predict the 30-day mortality of fungemia in ICUs.Methods: Data of ICU patients with fungemia from both the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-III) database and the Grade-III Class-A hospital in China were collected. The data extracted from the MIMIC-III database functioned as the training dataset, which was used to construct the predictive model for 30-day mortality risk in ICU patients with fungemia; the data from the hospital functioned as the validation dataset, which was used to validate the model. The predictive model for 30-day mortality risk in ICU patients with fungemia was then built based on R software. Such indicators as C-index and calibration curve were utilized to evaluate the prediction ability of the model. The data of ICU patients with fungemia from the hospital were used as the validation dataset to validate the model.Results: Predictive models were constructed by age, international normalized ratio (INR), renal failure, liver disease, respiratory rate (RR), glucocorticoid therapy, antifungal therapy, and platelets. The C-index value of the models was 0.838 (95% CI: 0.79096-0.88504). Attested by the external validation results, the model has satisfactory predictive ability.Conclusions: The 30-day mortality risk predictive model for ICU patients with fungemia constructed in this study has good predictive ability, and may hopefully provide a 30-day mortality risk screening tool for ICU patients with fungemia.
Differences in patients’ perception and satisfaction between paper-based and computer- based “Shared Decision-Making” consultation – an experience from a medical center in central Taiwan
Authors: Chen Jung-Chen , Tsai Shang-Feng , Liu Shih-An 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We aimed to investigate the difference in patient’s perception and satisfaction between patients undergoing paper-based Shared decision-making (SDM) and those receiving computer-based. We retrospectively collected questionnaires before and after SDM. Basic demographic data as well as anxiety, satisfaction, knowledge acquisition, and participation in SDM were recorded. We divided our population into subgroups according to paper-based or computer-based SDM. In addition, Pearson correlation analysis was applied to assess the relationships among variables. n total, 304 patients who visited our Division of Nephrology were included in the final analysis. Overall, over half of the patients felt anxiety (n = 217, 71.4%). The proportion of patients felt a reduction in anxiety after SDM (n = 143, 47.0%) and 281 patients (92.4%) were satisfied with the whole process of SDM. When we divided all of the patients based on paper-based or computer-based SDM, the reduction of anxiety level was greater in the patients who underwent paper-based SDM when compared with that of those who underwent computer-based SDM. However, there was no significant difference in satisfaction with SDM between the two groups. Paper-based SDM was as effective as computer-based SDM. Further studies from non-Western countries are warranted to gain a more complete understanding of cultural issues related to SDM.
Dual-comb optical activity spectroscopy for the analysis of vibrational optical activity induced by external magnetic field
Authors: Peng Daowang , GU CHENGLIN , Zuo Zhong , Di Yuanfeng , Zou Xing , Tang Lulu , Deng Lunhua , Luo Daping , Liu Yang , Li Wen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Optical activity (OA) includes the structural information of (bio) molecular and chemical systems, which is widely utilized in the fields of molecular chirality, pharmaceutics and analytical chemistry. Vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) and optical rotatory dispersion (ORD), spectral measurements of absorption and dispersion induced by OA, are powerful tools and characterize molecular chirality, explore the stereo-specific structure and study the solution-state conformation of biological molecules. In terms of the OA analysis of molecules, detection sensitivity, spectral resolution and acquisition speed are the key indicators that have been pursued. In this paper, we show the unmatched potential of dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) in magnetic optical activity spectroscopy (MOAS) of gas-phase molecules with the resolution of hundred-MHz level and the high-speed measurement of sub-millisecond level. As a demonstration, we directly achieved the rapid, high-precision and high-resolution MOAS measurement of the nitrogen dioxide υ1 + υ3 band and the nitric oxide overtone band, which can be used to analyze fine structure of molecules. The novel approach of dual-comb optical activity spectroscopy (DC-OAS) paves the way for OA to become a routine approach for rapid characterization of the structural conformations of multiphase systems.
Serum extracellular vesicle-derived microRNAs as potential biomarkers for pleural mesothelioma in a European prospective study
Authors: Casalone Elisabetta , Birolo Giovanni , Pardini Barbara , Allione Alessandra , Catalano Chiara , Russo Alessia , Mencoboni Manlio , Ferrante Daniela , Magnani Corrado , Sculco Marika , Dianzani Irma , Grosso Federica , Mirabelli Dario , Filiberti Rosa Angela , Rena Ottavio , Sacerdote Carlotta , Barranco Miguel Rodriguez , Smith-Byrne Karl , Panico Salvatore , Agnoli Claudia , Johnson Theron , Kaaks Rudolf , Tumino Rosario , Huerta Josè Maria , Riboli Elio , Heath Alicia , Trobajo-Sanmartín Camino , Schulze Matthias , Saieva Calogero , Amiano Pilar , Agudo Antonio , Weiderpass Elisabete , Vineis Paolo , Matullo Giuseppe 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background. Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer with a dismal prognosis. Early therapeutic interventions could improve patient outcomes.We aimed at identifying a pattern of microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential early non-invasive markers of MPM.Methods.In a case–control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition cohort, we screened the whole miRNome in serum extracellular vesicles (EVs) of preclinical MPM cases, by means a next generation sequencing approach.In a case–control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC) cohort, we screened the whole miRNome in serum extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from 80 pre-clinical cases of MPM (median time to diagnosis = 8 years) and 80 matched cancer-free controls.Results.We did not detect any miRNA in serum EVs significantly differentially expressed between 80 pre-clinical MPM and matched controls. On the other hand, in a subgroup of 20 preclinical samples collected five years prior MPM diagnosis, we observed an up-regulation of miR-11400 (Fold change =2.6, adjusted p-value=0.01), miR-148a-3p (Fold change =1.5, p-value=0.001) and miR-409-3p (Fold change =1.5, p-value=0.04) respect to matched controls. The three-miRNA panel showed a good classification capacity with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.81 (specificity=0.75, sensitivity=0.70). The diagnostic ability of the model was also evaluated in an independent retrospective cohort, yielding a higher predictive power (AUC = 0.86).Conclusions.A signature of EV miRNA can be detected up to five years before MPM; moreover, the identified miRNAs could provide functional insights into the molecular changes related to the late carcinogenic process, preceding MPM development. However, the potential role of the three identified miRNAs requires further validation in a larger independent MPM prospective study.
Risks of Second Non-Breast Primaries Following Breast Cancer in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Allen Isaac , Hassan Hend , Sofianopoulou Eleni , Eccles Diana , Turnbull Clare , Tischkowitz Marc , Pharoah Paul , Antoniou Antonis C. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundSecond primary cancer incidence is rising among breast cancer survivors. We examined the risks of non-breast second primaries, in combination and at specific cancer sites, through a systematic review and meta-analysis. MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, seeking studies published by March 2022. We included studies that reported standardized incidence ratios (SIRs), with associated standard errors, assessing the combined risk of second non-breast primaries following breast cancer. We performed meta-analyses of combined second primary risks, stratifying by age, follow-up duration, and geographic region. We also assessed second primary risks at several specific sites, stratifying by age. The inverse-variance method with DerSimonian-Laird estimators was used in all meta-analyses, assuming a random-effects model. Associated biases and study quality were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. ResultsOne prospective and twenty-seven retrospective cohort studies were identified. SIRs for second non-breast primaries combined ranged from 0.84 to 1.84. The summary SIR estimate was 1.24 (95%CI: 1.14-1.36, I2: 99%). This varied by age: the estimate was 1.59 (95%CI: 1.36-1.85) when breast cancer was diagnosed before age 50, which was significantly higher than in women first diagnosed at 50 or over (SIR: 1.13, 95%CI: 1.01-1.36, p for difference: < 0.001). SPC risks were also significantly higher when based on Asian, rather than European, registries (Asia - SIR: 1.47, 95%CI: 1.29-1.67. Europe - SIR: 1.16, 95%CI: 1.04-1.28). There were significantly increased risks of second thyroid (SIR: 1.89, 95%CI: 1.49-2.38), uterus (SIR: 1.84, 95%CI: 1.53-2.23), ovary (SIR: 1.53, 95%CI: 1.35-1.73), kidney (SIR: 1.43, 95%CI: 1.17-1.73), oesophagus (SIR: 1.39, 95%CI: 1.26-1.55), skin (melanoma) (SIR: 1.34, 95%CI: 1.18-1.52), blood (leukaemia) (SIR: 1.30, 95%CI: 1.17-1.45), lung (SIR: 1.25, 95%CI: 1.03-1.51), stomach (SIR: 1.23, 95%CI: 1.12-1.36) and bladder (SIR: 1.15, 95%CI: 1.05-1.26) primaries. ConclusionsBreast cancer survivors are at significantly increased risk of second primaries at many sites. Risks are higher for those diagnosed with breast cancer before age 50 and in Asian breast cancer survivors compared to European breast cancer survivors. This study is limited by a lack of data on potentially confounding variables. The conclusions could inform clinical management decisions following breast cancer.