bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the normal tissue sparing using scripting in endometrial cancer radiation therapy planning
Authors: Yedekci Yağız , Gültekin Melis , Sari Sezin Yuce , Yildiz Ferah 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to improve the protection of the OARs, decrease the total planning time and maintain sufficient target doses by using scripting endometrial cancer EBRT planning. Materials and Methods: Computed tomography data of 14 endometrial cancer patients were included in this study. Manual and automatic planning with scripting were performed for each CT. Scripts were created in the RayStationTM (RaySearch Laboratories AB, Stockholm, Sweden) planning system using Python code. In scripting, seven additional contours were automatically created to reduce the OAR doses. The scripted and manual plans were compared with each other in terms of planning time, DVH parameters, and total monitor unit (MU) value.Results: While the mean total planning time for manual planning was 368±8 sec, it was 55±2 sec for the automatic planning with scripting (p<0.001). The mean doses of OARs decreased with automatic planning(p<0.001). In addition, the maximum doses (D2% and D1%) for bilateral femoral heads and the rectum were significantly reduced. It was observed that the total MU value increased from 1,146±126 (manual planning) to 1,369±95 (scripted planning).Conclusions: Scripted planning has significant time and dosimetric advantages over manual planning for endometrial cancer EBRT planning.
Inhibiting the glycogen synthase kinase-3β activity suppress mossy fiber sprouting and epileptogenesis in pentylenetetrazole kindling rat model of epilepsy
Authors: Zhang Chen , Tan Zheren , Huang Xia , Huang Wenjiao , Tian Fafa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Epilepsy is a chronic neurodegenerative disease. Emerging data have implicated mossy fiber sprouting (MFS) as one of the most common pathological features of epilepsy. Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), a multifunctional protein kinase, can phosphorylate tau at many sites. Its roles in MFS and epileptogenesis remain to be investigated deeply. Our research is to explore the effects of GSK-3β activity on MFS and tau phosphorylation sites in epileptogenesis.
Methods
The pentylenetetrazol-kindled rat model was established and the expression of P-tau(Ser396) was measured at 3 days and at 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks after the first PTZ injection. Then the GSK-3β activity was inhibited by injecting SB216763 into the lateral ventricle in pentylenetetrazol-treated rats. The epileptic-associated behavior, expressions of GSK-3β, P-GSK-3β(s9), P-tau(Ser396) and degree of MFS at several time points were measured in pentylenetetrazol-treated rats with intracerebroventricular injection of SB216763.
Results
Compared with control group, the expression of P-tau(Ser396) was up-regulated in PTZ group. The GSK-3β activity in pentylenetetrazol-treated rats was inhibited by intracerebroventricular injection of SB216763. With the administration of SB216763, increased expression of P-GSK-3β(s9), decreased expression of P-tau (Ser396) and lesser severity of MFS and seizure were observed in PTZ-treated rat.
Conclusions
Our findings indicate the GSK-3β activity contributed to formation of MFS and epileptogenesis and tau phosphorylation at the ser396 site may be involved in this process.
Determination of Radon Concentrations and Annual Average Effective Doses in Some Well Waters Near the Akşehir-Simav Fault System
Authors: Gümüş Ayla 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Afyonkarahisar and its surroundings are located in the middle part of the Akşehir-Simav fault system (ASFS). This fault system is one of the most important tectonic elements of Southwest Turkey. In this study, radon concentrations were measured in four-well and spring water, which is used as drinking water, in the villages and districts of Afyonkarahisar province near ASFS for 24 month period, and the annual average effective dose amounts were calculated. In addition, the relationship between the average radon concentration results of potable water wells and the distance of the wells to the fault was examined for the first time in this region.Radon concentrations were measured between 0.11 ± 0.22 BqL-1 and 17.89 ± 0.58 BqL-1, and mean radon concentrations were measured between 1.87 ± 0.28 BqL-1 and 11.93 ± 0.48 BqL-1. The annual effective dose values were calculated between 10.99 ± 1.65 µSvy-1 and 70.11 ±2.82 µSvy-1 for infants, 4.03 ± 0.60 µSvy-1 and 25.69 ± 1.03 µSvy-1 for children and 4.78 ± 0.72 µSvy-1 and 30.48 ± 1.23 µSvy-1 for adults. In addition, the effect of the distance of the wells from the fault on the mean radon concentrations was also investigated. The regression coefficient (R2) was calculated as 0.85. The average radon concentration was observed higher in the water wells close to the fault. The highest mean radon concentration was measured in well 4, closest to the fault and 1.07 km away.
Role of Oral Fluid, Electrolytes and Energy in various pediatric illnesses beyondDiarrhea: An Indian Expert Panel Consensus Recommendation
Authors: Ghosh Apurba , Bavdekar Ashish , Wadhwa Nishant , Chakravarty Pavitra , Nagpal Rahul , A.R. Somashekar , Shankar Janani , Canday Eileen , Bathina Haritha , Tesado Christian , Thakor Priti , Malve Harshad , Chatterjee Ayan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Dehydration in non-diarrheal illnesses often goes unnoticed and there are no consensus treatment recommendations for management of dehydration in non-diarrheal illnesses. Main Body: A multi-disciplinary committee of 10 experts from India gathered on a virtual advisory–board meeting on September 2020 to develop a consensus recommendation on current treatment strategies for managing oral fluid electrolyte and energy in pediatric patients during non-diarrheal illnesses and to identify unmet evidence-based needs and gaps. A pre-meeting questionnaire-based voting system was adopted to reach consensus followed by a discussion between panel members. In absence of consensus, the topic was opened for debate to arrive at an aligned recommendation. Key clinical challenges include identifying dehydration in acute illnesses and recommending appropriate quantity and type of oral fluids based on symptom severity. This consensus statement provides guidance on management of dehydration in non-diarrheal illnesses including recommendation on oral fluid, electrolyte and appropriate energy management in pediatric population.Conclusions: The group proposed the need for oral fluid, electrolyte and energy supplementation, which should be based on symptoms in acute non-diarrheal illness increased insensible losses and/or decreased intake. Oral rehydration fluids should be prescribed accurately and at the right-time for countering dehydration, ideally early in the course of illness. Prescribing pattern should be precise and similar to intravenous fluids. Carbonated drinks and canned juices should not be recommended. Plain water may not be optimal in replacing electrolytes especially for anorexic patients who can only tolerate fluids. These clinical practice statements provide guidance for oral fluid, electrolyte and energy recommendations for pediatric patients with various acute illnesses beyond diarrhea.
Wafer-scale and universal van der Waals metal semiconductor contact
Authors: Liu Yuan , Kong Lingan , Wu Ruixia , Chen Yang , Huangfu Ying , Liu Liting , Li Wei , Lu Donglin , Tao Quanyang , Song Wenjing , Li Wanying , Lu Zheyi , Liu Xiao , Li Zhiwei , Tong Wei , Ding Shuimei , Liu Songlong , Ma Likuan , Ren Liwang , Wang Yiliu , Liao Lei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors show great potential for high-performance electronic devices. With atomically thin 2D lattice, achieving high quality and reliable metal contact remains a critical challenge. van der Waals (vdW) contact geometry — in which metal electrodes are physically laminated onto 2D surface — has demonstrated reduced contact resistance with minimized Fermi level pinning effect. However, the vdW contact can only be applied a few choices of metals that can be peeled and laminated, and the manually transfer process is not scalable, greatly limiting this process for practical applications. Here, we report a wafer-scale and universal “low-energy” vdW metal integration strategy that can be readily applicable to different metals and semiconductors. By utilizing thermally decomposable polymer as the buffer layer, different metals could be directly evaporated in wafer-scale without damaging the underlayer 2D semiconductors. This industry compatible polymer buffer could be further dry-removed through a simple annealing process, leading to vdW metal-2D contact with atomic sharp and clean interface. With this technique, for the first time, various industry-compatible metals could be vdW and wafer-scale integrated as the contact of 2D transistors, including Ag, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Co, Au, Pd, exhibiting improved electrical performance depending on the metal work functions. Finally, we demonstrate this vdW integration strategy is not only limited to 2D semiconductors, but could be well-extended to various bulk semiconductors with weakly couple vdW metal-semiconductor contact.
Identification of key immune-related genes in dilated cardiomyopathy using bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Li Feng , Du Tong-Yue , Wu Li-Da , Zhang Lei , Liu Huan-Huan , Zhang Zhen-Ye , Zhang Jie , Zhang Zhi-Yuan , Qian Ling-Ling , Hao Jian-Feng , Wang Ru-Xing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background:Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by the left ventricular dilatation and impaired myocardial systolic dysfunction with high mortality and morbidity. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.Methods:Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis was performed using two expression profiles from GSE3585 and GSE8479. Enrichment analysis to explore the potential mechanisms underlying DCM was conducted. A total of four algorithms were used within Cytoscape to identify the hub genes. Correlation analysis between hub genes and infiltrated immune cells to identify potential immune-related genes. The expression analysis and diagnosis value analysis of potential immune-related genes were performed. Finally, the expression analysis with GSE57338 and relationship analysis with the comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD) were performed for identification of the key immune-related genes in DCM. Results:A total of 80 DEGs were screened for DCM. Enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were involved in immune-related pathological process. Immune infiltration analysis indicated a potential immune response abnormal in DCM. Four up-regulated genes, including COL1A2, COL3A1, CD53, and POSTN, were identified as potential immune-related genes. Finally, three genes (COL1A2, COL3A1, and POSTN) were determined as the key immune-related genes in DCM via expression analysis with a validation set (GSE57338) and relationship analysis with CTD.Conclusions:Our study suggested that the upregulated COL1A2, COL3A1, and POSTN might be the key immune-related genes for DCM. Further studies are needed to validate the underlying mechanisms.
Identification of RT-qPCR reference genes suitable for gene function studies in the pitaya canker disease pathogen Neoscytalidium dimidiatum
Authors: Wang Meng , Wang Zhouwen , Wei Shuangshuang , Xie Jun , Huang Jiaquan , Li Dongdong , Hu Wenbin , Li Hongli , Tang Hua 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Neoscytalidium dimidiatum is the main causal agent of pitaya canker. Most studies of virulence and pathogenicity genes have measured expression levels using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Suitable reference genes are essential for ensuring that estimates of gene expression levels by RT-qPCR are accurate. However, no reference genes can be robustly applied across all contexts and species. No studies to date have evaluated the most effective reference genes for normalizing gene expression levels estimated by RT-qPCR in N. dimidiatum.
Results
In this study, RT-qPCR data for individual candidate reference genes were analyzed using four different methods: the delta Ct method and the geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper algorithms. We evaluated the utility of eight candidate reference genes (18S rRNA, Actin (1), Actin (2), Actin, GAPDH (1), GAPDH (2), UBQ, and Tubulin) for normalizing expression levels estimated by RT-qPCR in N. dimidiatum at different developmental stages, at different temperatures, and during interaction with pitaya.
Conclusions
All candidate reference genes were suitable for gene expression analysis except for Actin (2). Tubulin and Actin (1) were the most stably expressed reference genes under different temperatures. Actin (1) and Actin were the most stably expressed reference genes in N. dimidiatum at different developmental stages. Tubulin and UBQ were the most stably expressed reference genes during interaction with pitaya. Actin is the most stably expressed across all experimental conditions. Subsequently, Tubulin and UBQ were further investigated in analyses of pectinase expression during the pitaya–N. dimidiatum interaction. Our results provide insights that will aid future RT-qPCR studies of gene expression in N. dimidiatum.
Anticancer effects of sanguinarine in triple-negative breast cancer cells via apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest
Authors: Messeha Samia S. , Noel Sophie , Zarmouh Najla O. , Womble Tracy , Soliman Karam 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are typically treated with non-targeted chemotherapeutic agents, and the late disease stages are known to be resistant to chemotherapy. Therefore, it is necessary to develop novel therapeutic agents that are safer and more effective for enhancing the outcomes of chemotherapeutic agents. The natural alkaloid sanguinarine (SANG) is a quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloid that has demonstrated synergistic therapeutic effects when combined with various chemotherapeutic drugs. SANG can also induce cell cycle arrest and trigger apoptosis in various cancer cells. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying SANG activity in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells, as two genetically different models of TNBC. SANG decreased the viability of both cell lines, but MDA-MB-468 cells were more sensitive to SANG than MDA-MB-231 cells. SANG affected cell cycle progression in both cell lines. Further, S-phase cell cycle arrest-mediated apoptosis was found to be the primary contributor to cell growth inhibition in MDA-MB-231 cells. SANG-treated TNBC cells showed significantly upregulated mRNA expression of 18 genes associated with apoptosis, including eight members of the TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), three members of the BCL2 family, and two members of the caspase (CASP) family in MDA-MB-468 cells; in MDA-MB-231 cells, two members of the TNF superfamily and four members of the BCL2 family were affected. In conclusion, these results indicate that SANG shows markedly different anticancer effects and apoptosis-related gene expression changes in the two cell lines. Thus, SANG demonstrates potent anticancer effects in TNBC cell lines, suggesting its potential as a single or adjunct therapeutic agent against TNBC.
One Size Does Not Fit All: Detecting Attention in Children with Autism Using Machine Learning
Authors: Banire Bilikis , Thani Dena Al , Qaraqe Marwa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Detecting the attention of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is of paramount importance for desired learning outcome. Teachers often use subjective methods to assess the attention of children with ASD, and this approach is tedious and inefficient due to disparate attentional behavior in ASD. This study explores the attentional behavior of children with ASD and the control group: typically developing (TD) children, by leveraging machine learning and unobtrusive technologies such as webcams and eye-tracking devices to detect attention objectively. Person-specific and generalized machine models for face-based, gaze-based, and hybrid-based (face and gaze) are proposed in this paper. The performances of these three models were compared, and the gaze-based model outperformed the others. Also, the person-specific model achieves higher predictive power than the generalized model for the ASD group. These findings stress the direction of model design from traditional one-size-fits-all models to personalized models.
Predictors of capecitabine-induced hand-foot syndrome: a single-institution, retrospective study
Authors: Kanbayashi Yuko , Taguchi Tetsuya , Ishikawa Takeshi , Takayama Koichi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This retrospective study was conducted to identify predictors for developing hand-foot syndrome (HFS) and to determine new strategies for improving quality of life (QoL) in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Between April 2014 and August 2018, we enrolled 165 cancer patients at our outpatient chemotherapy center who were undergoing capecitabine chemotherapy. Variables related to the development of HFS were extracted from the clinical records of patients for use in regression analysis. HFS severity was assessed at the time of completing capecitabine chemotherapy. The degree of HFS was classified in accordance with the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5. Multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors for the development of HFS. Significant predictors for the development of HFS included concomitant use of a renin angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitor (odds ratio [OR] = 2.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20–6.79; P = 0.018), body surface area (BSA) (high) (OR = 12.7, 95%CI = 2.29–70.94; P = 0.004) and albumin (low) (OR = 0.44, 95%CI = 0.20–0.96; P = 0.040). In conclusion, concomitant use of RAS inhibitor, high BSA, and low albumin were identified as significant predictors for the development of HFS.
MobileNetv3-CenterNet :A target recognition method for avoiding missed detection effectively based on a lightweight network
Authors: Li Yajing , Xin Wenbin , Huang Jiahai , Hao Huimin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
To solve the problems in online target detection on the embedded platform, such as high missed detection rate, low accuracy, and slow speed, a lightweight target recognition method of MobileNetv3-CenterNet is proposed. This method combined the anchor-free Centernet network with the MobileNetv3 small network and trained on the UA-DETRAC and PASCAL VOC07 + 12 standard datasets. While reducing the scale of the network model, the MobileNetv3-Centernet model shows a good balance in the accuracy and speed of target recognition and effectively solves the problem of missing detection of dense and small targets in online detection. To verify the recognition performance of the model, it is tested on 2683 images of the UA- DETRAC and PASCAL VOC 2007 datasets, and compared with the analysis results of CenterNet-DLA34, CenterNet-ResNet18, CenterNet-MobileNetv3-large, YOLOv3, MobileNetv2-YOLOv3, SSD, MobileNetv2-SSD and Faster R-CNN models. The results show that the MobileNetv3-CenterNet model accurately recognized the dense targets and small targets missed by other methods, and obtains a recognition accuracy of 99.4% with a running speed of FPS53. The comprehensive detection effect of MobileNetv3-CenterNet is better than other methods. The MobileNetv3-CenterNet lightweight target recognition method will provide effective technical support for the target recognition of deep learning networks in embedded platforms and online detection.
Spousal Communication in Decision Making During Pregnancy in Northern Ghana
Authors: Dakura James , Yidana Adadow 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Despite all the interventions put in place to improve maternal and child health, little has been done on spouses' communication during pregnancy and how it impacts maternal health decision-making. The study sought to unravel the influence of spousal communication when they are pregnant on maternal health decision-making. Methodology: The study used a mixed-method approach involving 218 pregnant women, six midwives, and village health volunteers from three communities and three health facilities in the district, respectively were interviewed. In-depth interviews with the midwives and village health volunteers was selected purposively; interviews were conducted with pregnant women at the three health facilities selected using stratified sampling. Results: From the study, 96.8% indicated that they often discuss issues concerning their health with their husbands, while only 3.2% did not. Again, 97.2% stated they often discuss their pregnancies with their husbands, while 2.3% did not, and 0.5% did not remember whether they did. From the study, issues such as quarrels, shyness, and husbands' jobs responsibility, making them have little time to communicate, were some of the barriers to spousal communication. About 64% scored high in male involvement in maternal health decision-making during the antenatal care period, while about 36% of males scored low in maternal health decision-making. Male involvement in maternal health decision-making was found to be influenced by age. Conclusion: Though some fathers communicate with their wives, the number is not encouraging. The District Health Management Team must take practical steps to encourage and support the formation of father-to-father support groups in the district, just as there is mother to mother support groups, and ensure that such groups are sustainable and functioning.
Ultra-broadband polarization-independent perfect absorber based on phase change material (Ge2Sb2Te5 or GST) for the visible and infrared regions
Authors: pour Saeed Zolfaghary , Arik Kamalodin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Broadband optical absorbers are increasingly in demand in various applications, including solar cells and radiative cooling systems. Among various types of structures, absorbers based on metamaterial structures have attracted much attention. However, they generally suffer from the issues of narrow bandwidth, high-cost fabrication, and high sensitivity to polarization changes. This paper presents a broadband, polarization-independent metamaterial absorber working in both infrared and visible frequency regimes. This structure is composed of a continuous phase-change material film (\ce{Ge2Sb2Te5}) separated between two thin spacer layers of \ce{SiO2}, and an array of amorphous Silicon particles located on the top of the structure. The proposed device was shown to exhibit remarkable absorptivity (more than 90 percent) within a broad range of frequencies starting from 250 THz to 1050 THz. In addition, thanks to the structural symmetry, the strong absorbance shows a considerable overlap between TM and TE modes over an extensive range of incident angles. The designing procedure for this absorber can be used as a guideline for designing similar metamaterial absorbers in any desirable frequency band.