bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress mindset and mental health status among Chinese high school students: The mediating role of exam stress appraisals
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Zhang Jingyu , Sun Xianghong , Zhang Liang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractExam stress is one of the main stressors for adolescents, which can trigger severe mental health problems and performance decline. As an alterable individual variable that influences stress consequences, stress mindset has attracted academic attention recently. However, the relationship between stress mindset and adolescents’ responses toward exams has not been fully understood. This study aimed to investigate whether stress mindset affected pre‐exam mental health status and exam performance, and whether appraisals of exam mediated such influence. We collected stress mindset, threat and challenge appraisals, pre‐exam mental health status, and exam scores from 185 Chinese 11th‐grade students. All of them would take an important and unified exam organized on the school level. Results showed that the stress‐is‐enhancing mindset negatively predicted students’ symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, but had no direct effect on performance. Further mediation analysis showed that stress‐is‐enhancing mindset was positively associated with the challenging appraisal and was negatively associated with the threat appraisal, thus having better health status (including fewer symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress) and performance. These results suggest that the stress mindset had an association with students’ response toward exams, and how they appraised the upcoming exam would be an important indirect pathway. Future studies may benefit from changing students’ mindsets to protect them from negative consequences of exam stress.
On the way of making highly stable Ag nanoparticles with a narrower size distribution by microplasma
Authors: Ma Yupengxue , Wang Ruoyu , Yan Tingting , Qin Xiaoru , Zhang Qing , Zhong Xiaoxia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAn efficient microplasma chemistry method to synthesize highly stable Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) that can be stored for 2 months is presented. The sucrose, maltose, lactose, and glucose are applied to stablize the produced AgNPs, respectively, and the pH value of the solution is controlled by using NaHCO3 with different concentrations. It can be concluded that AgNPs with different sizes can be achieved by selecting different stabilizers and adjusting the pH value of solution. Finally, by checking the UV absorbance of AgNPs solution within 2 months, the stability of the AgNPs is investigated. It is found that the stability of AgNPs in water solution can also be improved by changing the pH of the solution and the kind of colloidal stabilizer.
Adhesion Forces Measurement of Explosives and Nanodiamonds
Authors: Guillevic Mazheva , Spitzer Denis , Pichot Vincent 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe goal of the present study is to give novel experimental insight into the interaction forces existing between materials of different nature (i. e. explosives, nanodiamonds). Evaluation of interaction – or adhesion – forces is of great importance in the field of composite elaboration and chemical detection, their intensity being an expression of the chemical affinity. An Atomic Force Microscope equipped with a Force Measurement module was used for investigation of some adhesion forces. Compared with reference raw silicon materials, the measured adhesion force was significantly higher when the materials of interest (explosives, nanodiamonds) were in contact with each other. The interaction between TNT and RDX explosives is particularly strong (300 nN). An adhesion force of 110 nN is measured when RDX is in contact with the surface of nanodiamonds. Their affinity and the sort of interaction will be discussed hereafter based on their molecular structure.
On the Use of Fluorine‐Containing Nano‐Aluminum Composite Particles to Tailor Composite Solid Rocket Propellants
Authors: Uhlenhake Kyle E. , Yehia Omar R. , Noel Andrew , Terry Brandon C. , Örnek Metin , Belal Hatem M. , Gunduz Ibrahim E. , Son Steven F. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe burning rate of solid propellants is an important factor for optimizing rocket motors and improving performance. The enhanced burning rate can increase thrust and reduce a propulsion system‘s overall size and weight. In this study, a novel nano‐aluminum/THV composite additive was prepared and introduced into a solid ammonium perchlorate/polybutadiene composite solid rocket propellant to enhance its burning rate. The morphology of the composite particle additive and its effects on combustion were characterized. The use of small quantities (<15 wt.%) of the additive resulted in a burning rate enhancement of up to 2.1 times that of the conventional coarse aluminized propellant with a specific impulse loss of only 3 seconds, and as much as 4.7 times enhancement with a predicted loss of 22 seconds in theoretical specific impulse. Some of this loss may be recovered by the improved combustion efficiency in smaller rocket motors because the additive was shown to significantly reduce the aluminum agglomeration at the propellant burning surface and reduce the size of reaction products which may reduce two‐phase flow losses. The additive also provides wide burning rate tailorability, favorable for motor, grain, and thrust curve design. The burning rate enhancement mechanism is thought to be a physical cratering mechanism governed by the burning rate disparity between the binder/oxidizer system and the nano‐aluminum/fluoropolymer additive and not a chemical catalytic effect.
Combustion and Thermal Decomposition Research on 1,2‐Dicyclopropyl‐1‐Methyl Cyclopropane (DMCP) as High Energy Fuel for Liquid Rocket Propellants
Authors: Sun Haiyun , Zhang Xing , Wang Jingqi , Jiang Rongpei , Fang Tao , Li Yuchuan , Pang Siping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract1,2‐Dicyclopropyl‐1‐methyl cyclopropane (DMCP) was found a high‐energy liquid hydrocarbon propellant. A model combustion chamber was designed and manufactured to investigate the combustion performance of DMCP and Chinese rocket kerosene (RK) in comparison. Due to the higher density of DMCP, its orifice flow coefficient was 3.4 % larger than that of RK. The chamber pressure fluctuation amplitude of DMCP was within 10 % of the average pressure value. Under typical conditions, the flame intensity of DMCP combustion flame was more intense than that of RK. When the mixture ratios varied from 2.0–2.8, the characteristic velocity changes of DMCP were between 1626 m/s and 1636 m/s. It was not apparent that the characteristic velocity of DMCP was affected by the change of mixture ratio. The combustion efficiency of DMCP increased with the rise of its mixture ratio (varying between 0.902 and 0.921), higher than that of RK in a low mixture ratio. The apparent activation energy values (E) of DMCP were 202.0 kJ ⋅ mol−1 and 202.9 kJ ⋅ mol−1, respectively, according to Kissinger and Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa (FWO) equations.
Computed tomography measured tissue density of pectoral muscle and liver predicts outcomes in heart transplant recipients
Authors: Kuchnia Adam J , Lortie Jevin , Osterbauer Katie , Hess Timothy , Stabo Nicholas , Tsuchiya Nanae , Wheeler Nathan , Binkley Neil , Francois Christopher , Schiebler Mark , Hermsen Joshua , Dhingra Ravi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundComputed tomography (CT)‐derived measures of tissue quality can add to frailty assessment and improve selection of candidates for heart transplant. We investigated the prognostic value of CT measures of tissue density for predicting hospital length of stay (LOS) and mortality post‐transplant.MethodsAll patients at a quaternary care hospital between 1999 to 2018 with preheart transplant CT scans and available data on transplant outcomes were eligible (n = 189), including a subset within the total cohort with scans 6‐month pretransplant (n = 103). Axial chest CT scans were analysed for liver and muscle density at the 12th thoracic vertebrae and aortic arch landmarks, respectively. Cox and linear regression models examined the risk of death and LOS, respectively, according to median (above or below) pectoral muscle density. Low‐density muscle (LDM) area and liver density were analysed as continuous variables.ResultsOut of 157 patients with readable CT scans (median age 55 years, interquartile range [50–60] 10% women), 31 died on 1‐year follow up. Patients with higher than and at median pectoral muscle density (39.5 Hounsfield Unit [HU]) had better 1‐year survival in the overall cohort (hazard ratio [HR] 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.673, 0.989; p = 0.039), with the 6‐month cohort showing a trend (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.603, 1.023; p = 0.074) towards improved survival. Conversely, every 5‐cm2 increase in pectoral LDM area was associated with 2.4‐day lower LOS (p = 0.045) in the overall cohort, and a 2.6‐day lower LOS in the 6‐month cohort (p = 0.05). Patients with higher ratio of normal‐density muscle to LDM had higher LOS (p < 0.01). Every 5‐HU increase in liver density at a region of interest was associated with 0.24‐day higher post‐transplant LOS in the overall cohort, and a 0.41 higher LOS in the 6‐month cohort (p ≤ 0.05).ConclusionsPatients with higher preheart transplant pectoral muscle density had greater 1‐year survival. Higher pectoral LDM area was associated with decreased LOS post‐transplant and higher liver density was associated with increased LOS. These findings raise possibilities that measures of muscle density as they reflect to quality of muscle may have prognostic implications. Future studies with prospective design are needed to confirm these findings.
Patterns of adverse childhood experiences and cardiovascular risk factors in U.S. adults
Authors: Wooldridge Jennalee S. , Tynan Mara , Rossi Fernanda S. , Gasperi Marianna , McLean Caitlin L. , Bosch Jeane , Trivedi Ranak B. , Herbert Matthew S. , Afari Niloofar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAdverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are associated with poor health yet, we know little about how distinct patterns of ACE types are associated with cardiovascular (cardiovascular (CVD)) risk factors. The current study 1) examined associations of latent ACE classes with modifiable CVD risk factors including high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, high triglycerides, physical inactivity, overweight/obesity, and lifetime depression; and 2) examined the impact of socioeconomic status‐related (SES) factors on these relationships. Using a cross‐sectional analysis of the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions‐III (n = 36,309) data, four latent classes of ACEs were previously identified: 1) low adversity, 2) primarily household dysfunction, 3) primarily maltreatment, and 4) multiple adversity types. We examined the association of these classes with CVD risk factors in adulthood and subsequently, the same model accounting for SES‐related factors. Tobacco smoking, overweight/obesity, and lifetime depression were each associated with higher odds of being in classes 2, 3, and 4 than class 1, respectively. These relationships held after adjusting for SES‐related factors. Class 4 was associated with the most CVD risk factors, including high triglycerides and high cholesterol after controlling for SES‐related factors. The consistent associations between tobacco smoking, overweight/obesity, and lifetime depression with each adverse ACE profile, even after controlling for SES, suggest behavioural CVD prevention programs should target these CVD risk factors simultaneously.
On Cordelair–Greil Model about Electrophoretic Deposition
Authors: Liu Wenbo , Li Yifei , Li Depeng , Chen Lixuan , Zhao Jinyang , Liu Pai , Sun Xiao Wei , Wang Guoping 
Published: May 2022

AbstractElectrophoretic deposition (EPD) is a facile technique to deposit quantum dots (QDs) films, which can be used as the color conversion layers for display applications. To better understand the EPD process, researchers have built many models of the EPD process. However, most of these models lack solid experimental support. Here, by adopting simple yet effective solvent engineering and well‐designed experiments, this study proves the Cordelair–Greil model on EPD processes. Moreover, some supplements about this model are made according to practical experiments. The experimental verification of the Cordelair–Greil model is a solid step toward revealing the dynamics of the EPD process. Furthermore, the formation of cracks in EPD deposited QD films is prevented through solvent engineering. This work proves that besides modifying the intrinsic properties of QDs, solvent engineering is also a simple, effective, and low‐cost way to study the EPD process and improve the QD film qualities deposited.
New Mechanism for Long Photo‐Induced Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy in Au Nanoparticles Embedded in TiO2
Authors: Brognara Andrea , Bricchi Beatrice R. , William Ludovic , Brinza Ovidiu , Konstantakopoulou Maria , Bassi Andrea Li , Ghidelli Matteo , Lidgi‐Guigui Nathalie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe photo‐induced enhanced Raman spectroscopy (PIERS) effect is a phenomenon taking place when plasmonic nanoparticles deposited on a semiconductor are illuminated by UV light prior to Raman measurement. Results from the literature show that the PIERS effect lasts for about an hour. The proposed mechanism for this effect is the creation of oxygen vacancies in the semiconductor that would create a path for charge transfer between the analyte and the nanoparticles. However, this hypothesis has never been confirmed experimentally. Furthermore, the tested structure of the PIERS substrate has always been composed of plasmonic nanoparticles deposited on top of the semiconductor. Here, gold nanoparticles co‐deposited with porous TiO2 are used as a PIERS substrate. The deposition process confers the nanoparticles a unique position half buried in the nanoporous semiconductor. The resulting PIERS intensity is among the highest measured until now but most importantly the duration of the effect is significantly longer (at least 8 days). Cathodoluminescence measurements on these samples show that two distinct mechanisms are at stake for co‐deposited and drop‐casted gold nanoparticles. The oxygen vacancies hypothesis tends to be confirmed for the latter, but the narrowing of the depletion zone explains the long PIERS effect.
Artificial Lipids and Macrophage Membranes Coassembled Biomimetic Nanovesicles for Antibacterial Treatment
Authors: Che Junyi , Sun Lingyu , Shan Jingyang , Shi Yong , Zhou Qing , Zhao Yuanjin , Sun Lingyun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTissue bacterial infections are a major pathological factor in many diseases. Effects on this aspect are in focus for the development of coordinated therapeutic strategies for bacterial killing and anti‐inflammation. Here, inspired by the biodetoxification capacity of immune cells, multifunctional biomimetic nanovesicles (MϕM‐LPs) that are co‐assembled by macrophage membranes and artificial lipids to deliver antibiotics for treating bacterial infections, are presented. The macrophage membrane endows the MϕM‐LPs with the capacity of lipopolysaccharide and inflammatory cytokine neutralization, while the artificial lipid membrane can be further engineered to increase the fluidity and anchor to bacteria. In addition, the MϕM‐LPs can deliver sufficient ciprofloxacin with controllable release to accomplish an excellent antibacterial activity and biodetoxification capacity in vitro. Based on these advantages, it is demonstrated in a mouse model of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) focal infection, that a single injection of the biomimetic nanovesicles can effectively anchor to and eliminate S. aureus in the infected tissue and reduce inflammatory cytokine levels. Thus, the tissue regeneration and collagen deposition can be accelerated. These results indicate the potential values of integrating natural and artificial membrane materials as a multifunctional biomimetic drug delivery system to treat bacterial infections.
EHD1 promotes the cancer stem cell (CSC)‐like traits of glioma cells via interacting with CD44 and suppressing CD44 degradation
Authors: Lu Yunhe , Wang Wei , Tan Shubin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPlenty of evidence has shown that endocytosis plays a key role in cancer progression; however, its effects in the progression of cancer stem cells (CSCs) are still fragmentary. In the present study, we firstly identified that mammalian Eps15 homology domain protein 1 (EHD1), an endocytic and metastasis‐associated gene, was upregulated in the 3D non‐adherent spheres derived from glioma cells compared to that in the corresponding parental cells. Further functional experiments revealed that EHD1 knockdown reduced the CSC‐like traits of glioma cells, which were evident by the decrease of sphere‐formation ability, ALDH1 activity, and CSC markers' expression. Additionally, EHD1 knockdown attenuated the tumor‐initiating ability of glioma cells in vivo. Furthermore, it was shown that EHD1 bound to CD44, enhanced CD44 stability, and prevented its total ubiquitination. Indeed, overexpression of CD44 rescued the inhibitory effects of EHD1 knockdown on the CSC‐like traits of glioma cells. Finally, through the online dataset analysis, we found that EHD1 indeed exhibited a higher level in glioma tissues relative to that in normal tissues, and a positive correlation with CSC markers' expression in glioma tissues. Notably, EHD1 expression was negatively correlated with the overall survival and relapse‐free survival of glioma patients. Thus, this work indicates that EHD1 might be a potent target for glioma progression, especially through breaking the EHD1–CD44 interaction.
Yang transform–homotopy perturbation method for solving a non‐Newtonian viscoelastic fluid flow on the turbine disk
Authors: Al‐Griffi Takia Ahmed J. , Al‐Saif Abdul‐Sattar J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a new method is suggested and implemented to find an analytical approximate solution for a non‐Newtonian viscoelastic fluid flow on the turbine disk, used to cool the axisymmetric channel that has a porous wall. The new method depends on combining the algorithms of Yang transform and the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) named Yang transformation–homotopy perturbation method (YTHPM). To ensure the correctness of the method, we compared the results of YTHPM with the ones obtained by the numerical method (Runge–Kutta 4th order) and by other methods as reported in the literature; a good agreement was observed. Additionally, the effect of the power‐law index, Prandtl and Reynolds numbers on the velocity, and heat transfer was studied. The results that we obtained by using the new method confirm that this method has high accuracy and efficiency compared with other methods, used to find the analytical approximate solution for the current problem. Furthermore, the graphs and tables of error show the validity, utility, and necessity of this method.
Quantum chaos and unitary black hole evaporation
Authors: Lowe David A. , Thorlacius Lárus 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The formation and evaporation of small AdS black holes in a theory with a holographic dual is governed by the usual rules of quantum mechanics. The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis explains the validity of semiclassical gravity for local bulk observables and can be used to quantify the magnitude of quantum corrections to the semi-classical approximation. The holographic dual produces a basis of black hole states with finite energy width, and observables that are smooth functions on the classical phase space will self-average over a large number of energy eigenstates, exponential in the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy S, leading to results that are consistent with semiclassical gravity up to small corrections of order e−S/2. As expected, the semiclassical description breaks down for transition amplitudes that reflect the unitary evolution of the holographic theory.
Non-perturbative phase structure of the bosonic BMN matrix model
Authors: Dhindsa Navdeep Singh , Jha Raghav G. , Joseph Anosh , Samlodia Abhishek , Schaich David 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We study the bosonic part of the BMN matrix model for wide ranges of temperatures, values of the deformation parameter, and numbers of colors 16 ≤ N ≤ 48. Using lattice computations, we analyze phase transitions in the model, observing a single first-order transition from a uniform to a gapped phase for all values of the deformation parameter. We study the functional form of the dependence of the critical temperature on the deformation parameter, to describe how our results smoothly interpolate between the limits of the bosonic BFSS model and the gauged Gaussian model.
Effects of isospin violation in the e+e− → B(*)$$ \overline{B} $$(*) cross sections
Authors: Bondar A. E. , Milstein A. I. , Mizuk R. V. , Salnikov S. G. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Model estimates are obtained for the influence of Coulomb effects on the ratio of the cross sections for the production of charged and neutral B$$ \overline{B} $$

B
¯

and B*$$ \overline{B} $$

B
¯

* pairs in e+e− annihilation. It is shown that the difference between the masses of charged and neutral mesons obtained under the assumption that this ratio is constant on a scale of the order of the beam energy spread can differ from the true one by δM ∼ 0.03 MeV at the energy of Υ(5S) and by δM ∼ 0.4 MeV at the energy of Υ(4S). Thus, the errors given in the PDG for the difference between the masses of charged and neutral B mesons, based on the results obtained at the energy of Υ(4S), are strongly underestimated. Similar measurements at the energy of Υ(5S) will have an order of magnitude smaller systematic shift for the mass difference. This circumstance should be taken into account when planning future experiments at the B factory in KEK.
Word embeddings are biased. But whose bias are they reflecting?
Authors: Petreski Davor , Hashim Ibrahim C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFrom Curriculum Vitae parsing to web search and recommendation systems, Word2Vec and other word embedding techniques have an increasing presence in everyday interactions in human society. Biases, such as gender bias, have been thoroughly researched and evidenced to be present in word embeddings. Most of the research focuses on discovering and mitigating gender bias within the frames of the vector space itself. Nevertheless, whose bias is reflected in word embeddings has not yet been investigated. Besides discovering and mitigating gender bias, it is also important to examine whether a feminine or a masculine-centric view is represented in the biases of word embeddings. This way, we will not only gain more insight into the origins of the before mentioned biases, but also present a novel approach to investigating biases in Natural Language Processing systems. Based on previous research in the social sciences and gender studies, we hypothesize that masculine-centric, otherwise known as androcentric, biases are dominant in word embeddings. To test this hypothesis we used the largest English word association test data set publicly available. We compare the distance of the responses of male and female participants to cue words in a word embedding vector space. We found that the word embedding is biased towards a masculine-centric viewpoint, predominantly reflecting the worldviews of the male participants in the word association test data set. Therefore, by conducting this research, we aimed to unravel another layer of bias to be considered when examining fairness in algorithms.