bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorescence temperature sensing of NaYF4:Yb3+/Tm3+@NaGdF4:Nd3+/Yb3+ nanoparticles at low and high temperatures
Authors: Meng Mingzhou , Zhang Tianmei , Wang Jiaoyu , Cheng Zhenlong , Yang Jianghua , Qiao Xin , Wen Jian , Resch‑Genger Ute , Ou Jun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
NaYF4:Yb3+/Tm3+@NaGdF4:Nd3+/Yb3+ upconversion nanoparticles were prepared using a solvothermal method, and the effects of key factors such as the content of sensitiser Nd3+ and Yb3+ on their luminescence properties were investigated. The nanoparticles are homogeneous in size and well dispersed. Under 808 nm excitation, it can produce strong upconversion fluorescence. At the same time, the nanoparticles have good temperature sensing properties at the thermally coupled energy levels of 700 and 646 nm for Tm3+. Using its fluorescence intensity ratio, accurate temperature measurements can be performed, and it has been found that it exhibits different temperature sensing properties in low and high-temperature regions. The maximum relative sensitivity was found to be 0.88% K−1 and 1.89% K−1 for the low-temperature region of 285–345 K and the high-temperature region of 345–495 K. The nanoparticles were applied to the internal temperature measurement of lithium batteries and the actual high-temperature environment, respectively, and were found to have good temperature measurement performance.
Fiber Bragg grating sensor for in situ substrate temperature measurement in a magnetron sputtering system
Authors: Jagannadha Raju S D V S , Haque S Maidul , Goud B Karthik , De Rajnarayan , Misal J S , Rao K Divakar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Fiber Bragg grating sensors are used to monitor physical parameters like temperature even in inaccessible, unconventional environments. One such application is monitoring the temperature of a substrate from the back surface like any conventional thermocouple sensor and simultaneously monitoring the temperature on the front surface, which is in contact with ion plasma in a magnetron sputtering system. Since thin film parameters depend on substrate temperature, precise measurement plays an important role and thermocouple-like sensors are erroneous when placed on the front side of a substrate exposed to ion plasma. The lateral variation of temperature on the front side for larger substrates also has been established at four different locations, exploiting the multiplexing capability of FBGs. In this report, we demonstrate and utilise the versatility and capability of fiber Bragg grating sensors for online monitoring of substrate temperatures during thin film deposition, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, on different types of substrates. FBG based approach is expected to significantly aid in better control of thin film devices.
The role of spatial structures of tissues in cancer initiation dynamics
Authors: Spaulding Cade , Teimouri Hamid , Kolomeisky Anatoly B 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
It is widely believed that biological tissues evolved to lower the risks of cancer development. One of the specific ways to minimize the chances of tumor formation comes from proper spatial organization of tissues. However, the microscopic mechanisms of underlying processes remain not fully understood. We present a theoretical investigation on the role of spatial structures in cancer initiation dynamics. In our approach, the dynamics of single mutation fixations are analyzed using analytical calculations and computer simulations by mapping them to Moran processes on graphs with different connectivity that mimic various spatial structures. It is found that while the fixation probability is not affected by modifying the spatial structures of the tissues, the fixation times can change dramatically. The slowest dynamics is observed in ‘quasi-one-dimensional’ structures, while the fastest dynamics is observed in ‘quasi-three-dimensional’ structures. Theoretical calculations also suggest that there is a critical value of the degree of graph connectivity, which mimics the spatial dimension of the tissue structure, above which the spatial structure of the tissue has no effect on the mutation fixation dynamics. An effective discrete-state stochastic model of cancer initiation is utilized to explain our theoretical results and predictions. Our theoretical analysis clarifies some important aspects on the role of the tissue spatial structures in the cancer initiation processes.
Enhancement the properties of lightweight concrete mortars by some additive materials
Authors: Abdelfattah M , Géber R , Tihtih M , Kocserha I 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The interfacial transition zone is the most important zone which can be controlled in the physical and mechanical properties of the lightweight concrete aggregates. So, this work aims to study this zone, and enhance the properties of the lightweight concrete aggregates using some additive materials such as perlite and tuff. Three clay samples were collected from Hungary. The fired aggregates were mixed with cement mortar and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) with Rietveld method and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDAX). The physical and mechanical properties of the samples were measured according to ASTM methods. The results showed that the density of the concrete mortars after adding the additive materials was decreased by 12-20% at 28 days. The interfacial transition zone was affected by the reaction between the surface of the aggregates and the cementitious materials. The calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) phase was decreased the bulk density and compressive strength of the concrete mortars.
Investigation of silicic acid saturation and gel formation during ISG leaching: 180 days duration reaction at 90 °C
Authors: Dabbas Ali AL , Kopecskó Katalin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Currently, borosilicate glasses are utilised to immobilise highly radioactive waste. They are durable materials; however, they corrode in aqueous solutions, resulting in silica-rich alteration layers. This study employed the nuclear waste leaching tests (MCC-1, MCC-3) on International Simple Glass (ISG) samples. The corrosion rate in pure water and saturated water with respect to ISG corrosion products was investigated at an initial pH of 6.3 and a reaction temperature of 90 °C. For 3, 7, 14, 28, 90, and 180 days, batch experimental models with extremely high and very low glass surface area to volume (S/V) ratios were examined. The results showed that early saturation in the higher S/V system resulted in a ten order magnitude reduced corrosion rate compared to the lower S/V system. This emphasises the significance of saturation in achieving a reduced corrosion rate. This research proved the significant influence of the solution’s chemistry on the glass corrosion rate via pH and other chemical parameters.
Application of ASTER images for identification and localization of iron minerals in red mud dumps of the Ural aluminum plant
Authors: Ageev A.S. , Kotova E.L. , Sun S. , Kotova O.B. , Brodskaya R.L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) was used to identify and mapping of industrially and environmentally important iron oxides and hydroxides in red mud dumps. In paper we were focused on specified region of interests - one of the largest boxite processing manufactory in Russia Ural Aluminum Plan (UAP). Initially we use ASTER L1T images. The graph of processing includes band relationship, principal component analysis and spectral angle mapper procedures for identifying spatial distribution of targeted minerals. Several minerals were mapped within red mud dumps No 2 and No 3: Hematite, Goetite, Jarosite and Magnetite. At the next stage the Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) of red mud mineral samples was carried out. The results show a good correlation between remote sensing techniques and standard mineralogical analysis (SEM) method. In both cases the principal iron oxides and hydroxides were observed. Combination of remote sensing and traditional mineralogical analysis methods allows to increase the reliability of assessing ore potential and efficiency of planning utilization technologies for wastes in technogenic deposits. In addition, processing of several ASTER images from different time gap (2004 and 2015) allows to trace in dynamics the transformation of mineral composition in red muds.
Square-root measurements and degradation of the resource state in port-based teleportation scheme
Authors: Studziński Michał , Mozrzymas Marek , Kopszak Piotr 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Port-based teleportation (PBT) is a protocol of quantum teleportation in which a receiver does not have to apply correction to the transmitted state. In this protocol two spatially separated parties can teleport an unknown quantum state only by exploiting joint measurements on number of shared d-dimensional maximally entangled states (resource state) together with a state to be teleported and one way classical communication. In this paper we analyse for the first time the recycling protocol for the deterministic PBT beyond the qubit case. In the recycling protocol the main idea is to re-use the remaining resource state after one or many rounds of PBT for further processes of teleportation. The key property is to learn how much the underlying resource state degrades after every round of the teleportation process. We measure this by evaluating quantum fidelity between respective resource states. To do so we first present analysis of the square-root measurements used by the sender in PBT by exploiting the symmetries of the system. In particular, we show how to effectively evaluate their square-roots and composition. These findings allow us to present the explicit formula for the recycling fidelity involving only group-theoretic parameters describing irreducible representations in the Schur–Weyl duality. For the first time, we also analyse the degradation of the resource state for the optimal PBT scheme and show its degradation for all d ⩾ 2. In the both versions, the qubit case is discussed separately resulting in compact expression for fidelity, depending only on the number of shared entangled pairs.
High-performance thin-film transistor device architecture for flexible and printed electronics
Authors: Liang Kelly , Zhou Yuchen , McCulley Calla M , Xu Xin , Dodabalapur Ananth 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A device design paradigm for thin-film transistors (TFTs) suitable for fabrication using methods available for flexible and printed electronics devices and circuits is described. The TFT architecture utilizes an array of nanospike-shaped electrodes as the source and drain electrodes. This results in improved carrier injection, greater gate control of the drain current, and lower threshold and operating voltage. The on-currents are also higher in comparison with standard flat edge electrode TFTs with equivalent channel dimensions. Importantly, the design is very tolerant of thick gate insulators. The proposed architecture requires one level of relatively high resolution patterning of the source and drain contacts, which can be potentially realized with methods that have been previously employed in flexible electronics such as nanoimprint lithography or roll-to-roll photolithography. The experimental data presented in this paper were obtained from TFTs fabricated using conventional fabrication methods, as the emphasis in this paper is on the device design and in demonstrating the advantageous features of the new architecture in future flexible systems.
Biocompatible organic electrochemical transistor on polymeric scaffold for wound healing monitoring
Authors: Cavallo Aida , Losi Paola , Buscemi Marianna , Kayal Tamer Al , Beccatelli Matteo , Soldani Giorgio , Coppedè Nicola 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, no wearable device is available to continuously monitor the ulcer status. The literature reports a pH range between 6.5 and 9 for chronic or infected wounds. This study aims to produce an innovative scaffold able to monitoring wound pH and therefore ulcers healing. The scaffold was manufactured by spray, phase-inversion technique using a synthetic biocompatible material, poly(ether)urethane-polydimethylsiloxane (PEtU-PDMS). A bi-layer micro-fibrillar tubular scaffold was obtained using: (a) 2% polymer solution and H2O as non-solvent; (b) 0.2% and H2O. Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is a biocompatible conductive polymer used as active material in a biosensor due to high sensitivity to positive ions in liquid environment allowing to determine ions concentration in easy and stable way. The biocompatible scaffold was functionalized by inkjet-printing of a PEDOT:PSS to develop organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) architecture. The electrochemical device was connected with electric contacts to create a channel and a gate electrode to control the modulation changes of the sensor. The morphological analysis of PEtU-PDMS scaffold surfaces was performed using a stereo-microscope after Sudan Black B staining while the PEDOT:PSS pattern by SEM microscopy. The device functionality was proved on human serum at different pH (between four and ten). The morphological analysis showed a dense, non-porous surface obtained with the 2% solution, while a porous surface was obtained with the 0.2% solution where the PEDOT:PSS was positioned. This feature, maintained after lyophilization and re-hydratation, enables a thin PEDOT:PSS film deposition in a continuous and homogeneus pattern. The characteristic of the device was tested showing the sensitivity to saline concentration and the effective functionality of the device. Moreover, the device response shows a dependence to pH variations as well as the transconductance. Obtained data suggest that the proposed sensorised scaffold could be used as a wearable detector for wound healing monitoring in patients affected by chronic lesions.
Gait analysis by using electric signals from a triboelectric nanogenerator
Authors: Gulahmadov Orkhan , Muradov Mustafa B , Kim Jiseok 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Gait monitoring is one of important healthcare methods. Gait disorders can be analysed by gait monitoring and related diseases can be further diagnosed. Daily living gait data are obtained by sensors such as accelerometers. In this study, A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) which is a well-known energy harvester was assembled into the accelerometer by attaching a drop-cast thin silicone rubber film to the movable mass and a thin nylon film to the fixed base of the accelerometer. Electrical outputs from this prepared TENG based gait monitoring device (TENGAIT) were investigated as the up-and-down reciprocating movement was applied by a Scotch yoke device in which the frequency of the up-and-down movement was controlled by an electric motor. The TENGAIT showed subsequent increase in voltage peaks from 2.5 V to 4 V and in current from 0.3 μA to 0.5 μA as the up-and-down frequency increased from 1 Hz to 5 Hz. The TENGAIT was then installed on a foot to obtain information about gait during walking on the spot in real-time. The voltage and the current showed 2.4 and 2.6 times increase, respectively, comparing the normal walking speed (0.8 Hz) to the fast walking speed (2 Hz). The light running could be distinguished from the fast walking by comparing gait speed and amplitude. And a gait cycle which includes the toe-touch, the heel-touch, the heel-off and the toe-off could be successfully analysed through changes in the shape of the current graph.
Experimental investigation and prediction modelling of slicing speed and surface roughness during wafer slicing using WEDM
Authors: Verma Anmol Singh , Singh Shankar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
To keep up with the rising demand for silicon solar cells in the photovoltaic sector, an alternative slicing method that can achieve high throughput with minimal waste is required. In recent research efforts, Wire electro-discharge machining (WEDM) has become the possible alternative method for slicing. The experimental investigation focuses on slicing monocrystalline silicon using the WEDM process with a brass wire electrode of 250 μm in diameter. The face-centered central composite design was employed for planning and conducting experiments. The investigational experiments were conducted with five different process parameters serving as inputs: peak current, wire tension, wire feed rate, pulse on and off time. The response parameter measured was the slicing speed and the surface roughness. Further, comparisons were made between different kernel functions in support vector regression (SVR) for the prediction modelling of slicing speed and surface roughness. The difficulty in prediction modelling can be attributed to the complexity of the WEDM process, which is caused by the involvement of various process parameters. The primary purpose of this work is to determine the best predictive kernel among the linear, polynomial, radial basis function (Rbf), and sigmoid kernel functions based on the experimental data. The predictive performance of different kernel functions was evaluated and compared. Grid search was used for the hyper tuning of the kernel parameters. The radial basis function produces R2 of 99.751% and 97.552%, MSE values of 0.00046 and 0.00079, RSME values of 0.0215 and 0.02814, MAE values of 0.01645 and 0.01894, and MAPE values of 1.2% and 0.9% for slicing speed and surface roughness. Support vector regression with radial basis function gives better results in comparison to other kernel functions, which concludes that support vector regression with radial basis function is well suited for the prediction of slicing speed and surface roughness.
Snippets of the History of the American Journal of Epidemiology
Authors: Szklo Moyses 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this article, I present a brief summary of landmark events in the American Journal of Epidemiology, including its founding, the first few decades, the change in name, the increasing focus on nontransmissible disease, and selected key manuscripts. A list of developments that will likely result in new papers submitted to epidemiology journals are also described, and they include themes such as consequential epidemiology and the use of artificial intelligence methods in epidemiologic data analyses.
Neurocognitive and Psychosocial Characteristics of Pediatric Patients With Post-Acute/Long-COVID: A Retrospective Clinical Case Series
Authors: Ng Rowena , Vargas Gray , Jashar Dasal Tenzin , Morrow Amanda , Malone Laura A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective
Studies suggest a large number of patients have persistent symptoms following COVID-19 infection—a condition termed “long COVID.” Although children and parents often report cognitive difficulties after COVID, very few if any studies have been published including neuropsychological testing.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was completed for the first 18 patients referred for a neuropsychological evaluation from a multidisciplinary pediatric post-COVID clinic. The neuropsychological screening battery assessed verbal fluency and category switching, attention, working memory, processing speed, and verbal learning and memory. Patients’ caregivers also completed standardized questionnaires regarding day-to-day mood and behavior.

Results
At intake, the most common neurologic symptoms reported by caregivers were attention problems (83.3%), fatigue/lethargy (77.7%), sleep disturbance (77.7%), dizziness/vertigo (72.2%), and headaches (72.2%). On rating scales, most caregivers endorsed concerns for depressed mood and anxiety (14/15 and 12/15). A large proportion of patients had difficulties with attention (9/18) and depressed mood/anxiety (13/18) before COVID. On cognitive testing, the majority of the patients performed within or above broad average range (≥16th percentile) across most domains. However, a little over half of the patients performed below average on auditory attention measures.

Conclusions
Within our clinically referred sample, children who reported lingering cognitive symptoms after COVID-19 often had a preexisting history of attention and/or mood and anxiety concerns. Many of these patients performed below average in attention testing, but it remains to be seen whether this was due to direct effects of COVID, physical symptoms, and/or preexisting difficulties with attention or mood/anxiety.
The Impact of Comorbidities on Patient Outcomes in the Upper Body Lift: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Cinclair Richard , Shang Zhiguo , Aly Al , Kenkel Jeffrey 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Nonsurgical and surgical weight loss options have improved over the past several decades resulting in an increased number of patients who present with body contour deformities. This review focuses on the upper truncal deformity. This deformity is discernable by its residual tissue laxity in the upper arm, back, lateral chest, and breast.

Objective
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the morbidity of this procedure when these regions are treated in one operative setting.

Methods
A retrospective chart review of patients who underwent an upper body lift for truncal deformities after massive weight loss by the senior author between August 2006 and December 2019 was performed. Patient comorbidities and demographics, preoperative parameters, operative factors, and minor and major complications were assessed.

Results
No intraoperative or major complications occurred. The overall complication rate was 71% (20/28), which were all minor and most related to wound breakdown. Using logistical regression analysis, we found that neither BMI nor amount of weight resected contributed to a higher complication rate in this cohort. Simple matching coefficients analysis identified anemia, hypertension, lifetime smoking history, celecoxib use, and multiple concurrent procedures as comorbidities and intraoperative factors with an increased risk for adverse outcomes.

Conclusions
This review helps define the role of upper body lift in the care of patients with massive weight loss and addresses the morbidity of a comprehensive approach to upper body deformity. Appropriate patient selection, preoperative patient counseling, sound operative technique, and supportive postoperative care can help to avoid adverse outcomes.

Level of Evidence: 4
Contrastive learning-based computational histopathology predict differential expression of cancer driver genes
Authors: Huang Haojie , Zhou Gongming , Liu Xuejun , Deng Lei , Wu Chen , Zhang Dachuan , Liu Hui 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Digital pathological analysis is run as the main examination used for cancer diagnosis. Recently, deep learning-driven feature extraction from pathology images is able to detect genetic variations and tumor environment, but few studies focus on differential gene expression in tumor cells.

Results
In this paper, we propose a self-supervised contrastive learning framework, HistCode, to infer differential gene expression from whole slide images (WSIs). We leveraged contrastive learning on large-scale unannotated WSIs to derive slide-level histopathological features in latent space, and then transfer it to tumor diagnosis and prediction of differentially expressed cancer driver genes. Our experiments showed that our method outperformed other state-of-the-art models in tumor diagnosis tasks, and also effectively predicted differential gene expression. Interestingly, we found the genes with higher fold change can be more precisely predicted. To intuitively illustrate the ability to extract informative features from pathological images, we spatially visualized the WSIs colored by the attention scores of image tiles. We found that the tumor and necrosis areas were highly consistent with the annotations of experienced pathologists. Moreover, the spatial heatmap generated by lymphocyte-specific gene expression patterns was also consistent with the manually labeled WSIs.