bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The soil moisture regime and groundwater recharge in aged forests in the Sand Ridge region of Hungary after a decline in the groundwater level: an experimental case study
Authors: Szabó András , Gribovszki Zoltán , Kalicz Péter , Szolgay Ján , Bolla Bence 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The decline in groundwater levels is a cause of concern in many regions of the world, including the Sand Ridge of Hungary. The causes of the regional depletion range from rising air temperatures, changes in precipitation, domestic and agricultural groundwater use and past amelioration and recent afforestation, including the effects of drilling for crude oil exploration. The relations between the decline, the soil water regime and groundwater recharge under existing aged forests remained unclear thus far. Based on our monitoring of groundwater and soil moisture we aim to clarify this interplay in a new experimental site on the hilltop of the Sand Ridge. We compared three land-uses: a 41-year-old black locust (Robinia Pseudoacacia) offshoot forest, an 83-year-old first generation black pine (Pinus nigra) forest, and a grassland control site. The observed differences in the soil moisture profiles and dynamics were connected to the use of water by the given type of vegetation. We indicated a connection between the disruption of the groundwater recharge and the loss of contact of the rooting system of the forests with the deepening of the unconfined aquifer. Even if the aged forests could locally contribute to the decline, we conclude that the decline at the hilltop site that may be more strongly driven by other regional factors.
The Nexus between Uncertainty Avoidance Culture and Risk-taking Behaviour in Entrepreneurial Firms’ Decision Making
Authors: Bate Adisu Fanta 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Purpose: The concerted effect of national culture and risk-taking behaviour of individuals on decision-making has not been given much attention in the literature. This paper, thus, attempts to investigate how the two variables, separately and jointly, affect the decision-making of firms.

Methodology: The review pursues systematic literature review methodology. The keywords constituted in a series of search queries include risk-taking, or risk-taking behaviour, risk taking propensity, risk aversion, uncertainty avoidance, uncertainty avoidance national culture, fear of unknown or future, and uncertainty avoidance culture and risk-taking. The review of the studies addresses more than thirty-five countries over the years 1975–2021.

Findings: The review result re-boosts the existing negative relationship between a high uncertainty avoidance culture and risk-taking behaviour. When the level of risk-taking is increased, the effect of uncertainty avoidance culture gets decreased, which thereof helps to reduce resistance to change in firms. The latter institutes a greater fear of failure, lower level of ambition, and less tolerance for ambiguity that result in low risk-taking appetite. Their concurrent effect is realized in various decision-making contexts including firms’ entry and investment decisions, customer buying decisions, self – versus group decisions, and policy decisions.

Value Added: As a result, firms may need to consider the risk-taking behaviour and uncertainty avoidance culture of employees for certain jobs, consumers for marketing, managers for an international assignment in risky positions, and of individual countries for business expansion. The study claims to have added significant value to the practical and theoretical discourse of uncertainty avoidance national culture and risk-taking behaviour in business decision-making scenarios.
The Role of a Behavioural Model for the Virtual Commissioning of Robotic Manufacturing Systems
Authors: Skýpala Richard , Ružarovský Roman 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper focuses on virtual commissioning of a robotic manufacturing system, its theoretical background, and an analysis of its importance in the design of automated and robotic systems. Virtual commissioning allows the PLC control program to be tested and debugged on a created digital model of the machine, called a digital twin of the machine. Just this solution can simulate and optimize the automated system design itself without the need to have real hardware (PLC, automation elements, or the whole machine/equipment). Virtual commissioning offers an effective alternative to reduce the risks and effort of real commissioning of the machine. This makes it possible to reduce the time to market and increase flexibility, efficiency, and quality. Virtual commissioning in a single-control system is a simple solution; we can either use the Software-in-the-Loop method with emulated PLC control, simulated behavioural model, and co-simulation model or Hardware-in-the-Loop method with real controller. The problem appears when we have various types of controller, including an industrial robot controller. The paper deals with the theoretical background and partial outlines of solutions in the use of different types of the control system, if interconnections or emulators for different control systems are available. The recommended solution is to use a separate solution for the 3D simulation of the robotic system and an independent solution for the behavioural model, which will be tested in the future.
Pengaruh Terapi Oksigen Hiperbarik Untuk Mencegah Dehisensi Luka Pada Fraktur Shaft Tibia Pasca Operasi dan Hubungannya Dengan IL-6
Authors: Lukman Paulus , Oley Mendy Hatibie , Noersasongko Djarot , Langi Fima L. F. G. 
Published: August 2022

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan terapi oksigen hiperbarik (TOHB) dan interleukin (IL) -6 terhadap penyembuhan luka setelah dilakukan operasi pada fraktur tibia. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan randomized controlled trial yang membandingkan pasien dengan TOHB dan kontrol (tanpa TOHB). Semua pasien menjalani operasi reduksi terbuka dan fiksasi internal. Pasien dengan TOHB akan mendapatkan terapi oksigen hiperbarik. Luka operasi dan kadar IL-6 dievaluasi dua minggu pasca operasi untuk melihat ada tidaknya dehisensi. Hasil: Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kadar faktor inflamasi jauh lebih rendah pada kelompok TOHB dibanding kontrol (31,1 vs 38,4 pg/mL; p = 0,003). Kadar IL-6 secara keseluruhan turun menjadi 20 pg/mL setelah terapi, dimana kelompok TOHB memiliki kadar IL-6 yang jauh lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol (median 16,4 vs 35,4 pg/mL; p < 0,001). Pemberian oksigen hiperbarik berperan terhadap rerata penurunan IL-6 sebesar 11,07 pg/mL (IK 95% 7,80- 14,34 pg/mL; p <0,001) lebih tinggi pada mereka yang menerima terapi tersebut dibandingkan kontrol. Simpulan: TOHB dapat mencegah terjadinya dehisensi luka dengan mengurangi edema yang ditandai dengan penurunan kadar IL-6.
The The Colon Interposition as Esophageal Replacement in Long-Gap Esophageal Atresia
Authors: Ariyanta Kadek Deddy , Darmajaya I Made , Alexandra Alexandra , Setiawan Kelvin 
Published: August 2022

Background: Long-gap Esophageal Atresia (LGEA) remains one of the most challenging congenital conditions. When primary anastomoses attempts had failed, esophageal replacement (ER) is indicated in these patients. Some infants with LGEA are born with other congenital anomalies, such as rectourethral fistula. In this study, we reported our experience in managing newborn with LGEA and rectourethral fistula. Case: A 1-day-old male neonate complained of unable to swallow any breast milk and presence of feces-like discharge from external urethral orifice within 24 hours after birth. Oral gastric tube was unable to pass into the stomach and x-ray examination revealed curled gastric tube in esophagus, and there wasn’t any bubble seen from patient’s stomach. Patient then was diagnosed with long gap esophageal atresia without fistula. Esophageal replacements using left colon interposition technique was performed as closing and final procedure. Gastrostomy tube insertion, sigmoid colostomy, and cervical esophagostomy were immediately performed. Posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) for patient’s recto-urethral fistula were performed six months after sigmoid colostomy. Patient was hospitalized with total of 32 days and gastric feeding tube can be removed three months after surgery. Conclusion: colon interposition can be safely used in long gap esophageal atreasia although patient had undergone previous colostomy repair. Long-term follow up will be needed. Further large-scale studies regarding this matter are necessary and hopefully comprehensive treatment can be established in the future.
Rancang Bangun Alat Uji Jominy Dengan Standar ASTM A255
Authors: Nurrohman Ari , Mulyanto Tri 
Published: August 2022

Tidak semua material mampu dikeraskan, untuk mengetahuinya perlu dilakukan uji hardenability. Salah satu metode pengujian hardenability yaitu jominy test. Uji jominy merupakan sebuah metode untuk mengetahui kemampuan pengerasan logam. Caranya yaitu benda uji dipanaskan pada suhu yang ditentukan, kemudian didinginkan dengan menyemprotkan air pada salah satu ujungnya (bagian bawah). Setelah pengujian dengan alat uji jominy, diukur kekerasannya dengan menggunakan alat uji kekerasan. Mengingat pentingnya proses hardenability dalam industry dan pendidikan maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat alat uji jominy untuk keperluan praktikum di jurusan teknik mesin yang sesuai dengan standar ASTM A255. Dalam pembuatannya material yang digunakan untuk alat uji jominy adalah stailess steel 304 dengan dimensi total 660 mm x 660 mm x 800 mm.
Not all materials can be hardened, to find out it needs to be tested hardenability. One method of hardenability testing is jominy test. Jominy test is a method to determine the ability of metal hardening. The trick is that the test object is heated to a specified temperature, then cooled by spraying water at one end (the bottom). After testing with jominy test equipment, the hardness is measured using a hardness test tool. Considering the importance of the process of hardenability in industry and education, this study aims to make jominy test equipment for practicum purposes in the mechanical engineering department in accordance with ASTM A255 standards. In making the material used for the Jominy test equipment is 304 stainless steel with a total dimension of 660 mm x 660 mm x 800 mm.
Analisis Gigi Perontok Pada Mesin Power Thresher dengan Metode DFMA
Authors: Nurohmah Syifa , Teguh Santoso Deri 
Published: August 2022

Perkembangan teknologi yang ada di Indonesia saat ini berjalan dengan cepat dan semakin canggih, sehingga dapat dirasakan dalam berbagai kegiatan dan kehidupan sehari-hari, khususnya dalam bidang industri sektor pertanian. Mesin Power Thresher merupakan alat untuk merontokkan padi menjadi gabah, sebagai alat bantu bagi petani unuk memisahkan gabah dengan jeraminya. Perakitan produk power thresher memerlukan waktu yang lama, dengan perakitan manual. Salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk proses evaluasi suatu rancangan yaitu metode Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA). Tujuan dari DFMA yaitu untuk menentukan desain produk yang benar-benar dapat menghilangkan komponen-komponen yang sebenarnya tidak diperlukan dan mengurangi dalam proses pembuatan. Dengan menggunakan metode DFMA pada perancangan gigi perontok mesin power thresher didapat selisih waktu perakitan antara silinder gigi perontok thresher PT Raja Ampat dan hasil DFMA adalah 622,6 detik/unit atau 10,38 menit/unit. Dan efisiensi waktu sebesar 21,1 %. Assembly efficiency index desain hasil DFMA pada gigi perontok sebesar 0,99. Estimasi yang dilakukan pada biaya produksi thresher PT Raja Ampat dengan thresher hasil DFMA mengalami pengurangan biaya sebesar Rp. 38.026,-/unit.
The development of technology in Indonesia is currently running fast and increasingly sophisticated, so that it can be felt in various activities and daily life, especially in the agricultural sector industry. The Power Thresher machine is a tool for threshing rice into unhulled rice, as a tool for farmers to separate unhulled rice from straw. Power thresher product assembly takes a long time, with manual assembly. The method that can be used for the evaluation process of a design is the Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA) method. The goal of DFMA is to determine product designs that can completely eliminate unnecessary components and reduce unnecessary components in the manufacturing process. By using the DFMA method in the design of the power thresher engine thresher teeth, the difference in assembly time between the PT Raja Ampat thresher removal gear cylinder and the DFMA result is 622.6 seconds/unit or 10.38 minutes /unit. And the time efficiency is 21.1%. The assembly efficiency index of the DFMA design result in the removal gear is 0.99. Estimates made on the production costs of PT Raja Ampat thresher with the DFMA thresher resulted in a cost reduction of Rp. 38.026/unit.
Perencanaan Ulang Poros Propeller Shaft pada Mobil Toyota Avanza Tipe E 1300 CC
Authors: Akbar Roby Muhammad , Nugraha Iwan , Suhendra Bobie 
Published: August 2022

Poros propeller (profeller shaft) biasa juga ddisebut dengan poros kopel merupakan bagian penting pada kendaraan yang berfungsi sebagai pemindah tenaga. Terdapat pada 2 tipe kendaraan yaitu FR dan 4WD, Poros propeller bekerja untuk meneruskan daya putaran dari transmisi ke diferensial dalam keadaan tidak saling bersambungan. lalu putaran diteruskan dari transmisi ke poros propeller dan dari poros propeller ke diferensial melalui universal joint, universal joint berfungsi untuk meneruskan daya putaran yang dalam keadaan tidak satu garis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tegangan yang terjadi pada poros, umur nominal pada bearing, dan umur dari bearing itu sendiri. Material yang digunakan poros adalah baja ST 37 dengan kekuatan tarik sebesar ?b = 37 kg/ . Hasil dari perhitungan manual didapatkan tegangan sebesar 7,090 Kg/ lebih kecil dari tegangan geser yang sebenernya sebesar 17,5 Kg/ . Umur nominal pada bearing didapatkan 181 juta putaran. Umur bearing didapatkan dari perhitungan manual 942,7 jam.
The propeller shaft, also known as the coupling shaft, is an important part of the vehicle that functions as a power transfer. There are 2 types of vehicles, namely FR and 4WD, the propeller shaft works to transmit rotational power from the transmission to the differential in a discontinuous state. then the rotation is passed from the transmission to the propeller shaft and from the propeller shaft to the differential through the universal joint, the universal joint serves to continue the rotational power that is not in one line. The purpose of this study was to determine the stress that occurs on the shaft, the nominal life of the bearing, and the life of the bearing itself. The material used for the shaft is ST 37 steel with a tensile strength of b = 37 kg/(mm)^2. The result of manual calculation shows that the stress is 7.090 Kg/(mm)^2 which is smaller than the actual shear stress of 17.5 Kg/(mm)^2. The nominal life of the bearing is 181 million revolutions. Bearing life is obtained from manual calculation of 942.7 hours.
Pengujian Lapangan Bilah Airfoil Naca 5415 Dengan Turbin Angin The Sky Dancer 500 Watt
Authors: Ramdhani Rizky , Oleh Oleh , Aripin Aripin 
Published: August 2022

Energi merupakan sektor primer untuk kebutuhan hidup manusia, namun ironi negeri ini sektor energi masih dipasok oleh waste energy, dimana negeri-negeri tetangga sudah mulai memanfaatkan green energy. Indonesia dilimpahkan sumber daya energi baru-terbarukan sangat berlimpah, mulai dari panas matahari, panas bumi, angin, air, gelombang laut. Namun, kita belum mampu untuk memaksimalkan potensi yang diberikan. Contohnya, kecepatan rata-rata angin di Indonesia berkisar 2 m/s sampai dengan 11 m/s. Masuk dalam kecepatan angin rendah. Hampir mustahil memanfaatkan energi angin ini untuk skala besar. Akan tetapi, potensi angin ini tersedia hampir sepanjang tahun, maka dari itu, pengembangan teknologi turbin angin ini memungkinkan untuk skala mikro. Terdapat berbagai opsi untuk memaksimalkan energi angin dalam kecepatan rendah. Ada banyak opsi untuk menggunakan airfoil, parameter yang dicari adalah nilai Cl/Cd yang tinggi untuk mengekstrak energi angin pada kecepatan 2 m/s sampai 11 m/s. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan 3 tahapan, tahapan pertama perhitungan untuk menentukan jari-jari, chord, dan twist pada bilah. Tahapan kedua menggunakan bantuan software Q-blade untuk mengetahui Coefficient Performance dari airfoil yang digunakan dan 3D CAD Modelling. Tahapan ketiga yaitu proses manufaktur dan pengujian lapangan. Berdasarkan hasil perancangan, bilah yang dipilih adalah airfoil NACA tipe 5415 jenis taperless dengan jari-jari 0.875 m.
Energy is the primary sector for the needs of human life, but the irony of this country is that the energy sector is still supplied by waste energy, where neighboring countries have started to use green energy. Indonesia is bestowed with abundant new-renewable energy resources, ranging from solar heat, geothermal, wind, water, ocean waves. However, we have not been able to maximize the potential given. For example, the average wind speed in Indonesia ranges from 2 m/s to 11 m/s. Enter in low wind speed. It is almost impossible to harness this wind energy on a large scale. However, this wind potential is available almost all year round, therefore, the development of this wind turbine technology allows for micro-scale. There are various options for maximizing wind energy at low speeds. There are many options for using airfoils, the parameter to look for is a high Cl/Cd value to extract wind energy at speeds of 2 m/s to 11 m/s. In this study, 3 stages were carried out, the first stage was the calculation to determine the radius, chord, and twist on the blade. The second stage uses the help of Q-blade software to find out the Coefficient Performance of the airfoil used and 3D CAD Modeling. The third stage is the manufacturing process and field testing.
Perancangan Peralatan Vakum Penggenggam Pelat Baja pada Trulaser 3030 dengan Motor Servo
Authors: Kepra Wijaya Ambrosius Vitoaji , Dyanasari Melya , Atmadi Priyono 
Published: August 2022

Vakum penggenggam adalah suatu alat yang menggunakan vacuum cup sebagai alat penghisap dan penahan beban benda kerja sehingga benda kerja dapat melalui proses pemindahan dari pososi satu ke posisi lainnya. Pada penelitian ini, vakum penggenggam menjadi alat utama dalam mesin pemindah material pelat baja sehingga material dapat dengan mudah dipindahkan dari palet kayu ke meja mesin TruLaser 3030 Fiber. Proses pembuatan desain mesin ini membutuhkan penghitungan rumus yang teliti sehingga didapatkan komponen mesin yang sesuai untuk mengangkat bebanmaterial. Komponen yang dibutuhkan pada desain mesin ini antara lain vakum penggenggam, motor servo, poros penahan beban dan penggerak transmisi, transmisi roda gigi, dan rangka baja menggunakan Wide Flange Beam 300 x 300 sebagai penopang mesin keseluruhan. Material pelat baja yang digunakan sebagai beban adalah pelat baja material SS400 dengan ketebalan 15 mm dan dimensi luasan 2.44 m x 1.22 m. untuk itu diperlukan komponen yang kuat dan mampu untuk menahan beban vertikal dan horisontal dari pergerakan material dan beban material pelat baja itu sendiri. Disarankan menggunakan motor hisap pada vakum penggenggam dengan daya hisap 48 m3/jam dan daya listrik 1.3 kW. Selain itu motor servo yang digunakan harus dapat menahan beban sebesar 350 kg dengan daya rencana 171.7 watt dan torsi 93 Nm, dan roda gigi lurus dengan rasio 4 : 3.
Vacuum gripper is a device that uses a vacuum cup as a suction device and holds the workpiece load so that the workpiece can go through the process of moving from one position to another. In this research, the gripping vacuum is the main tool in the sheet metal material transfer machine so that the material can be easily moved from the wooden pallet to the TruLaser 3030 Fiber machine table. The process of making this machine design requires careful calculation of the formula so that the appropriate machine components are obtained to lift material loads. The components needed in the design of this machine include a gripper vacuum, servo motor, load-bearing shaft and transmission drive, gear transmission, and a steel frame using a 300 x 300 Wide Flange Beam as a support for the whole machine. The sheet metal material used as the load is SS400 material sheet metal with a thickness of 15 mm and an area dimension of 2.44 m x 1.22 m. For this reason, strong components are needed and are able to withstand vertical and horizontal loads from the movement of materials and the load of the sheet metal material itself. It is recommended to use a suction motor on a gripping vacuum with a suction power of 48 m3/hour and an electric power of 1.3 kW. In addition, the servo motor used must be able to withstand a load of 350 kg with a design power of 171.7 watts and a torque of 93 Nm, and straight gears with ratio of 4: 3.
Rancang Bangun Mesin Tepung Terubuk Berpenggerak Motor DC 60 Watt Dengan Menggunakan Energi Surya
Authors: Rizki Muhammad Nur , Dewi Anjani Ratna , Teguh Santoso Deri 
Published: August 2022

Indonesia sebagai negara tropis mempunyai potensi energi surya yang tinggi dengan radiasi harian rata-rata (insolasi) sebesar 4,5 kWh/m2/hari. Potensi ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber energi alternatif tersedia sepanjang tahun. Energi surya banyak di terapkan di berbagai kegiatan industri dan kegiatan di masyarakat, dalam pennelitian ini kami mencoba mendesain mesin tepung terubuk yang di jalankan oleh energi surya ( solar cell ). Sehingga energi surya ( solar cell ) yang termasuk energi terbarukan akan terbiasa digunakan oleh masyarakat di daerah pedesaan maupun industri. Dalam proses pembuatan mesin penggiling terubuk untuk menghasilkan tepung maka dirancang suatu alat yang dapat menghancurkan terubuk menjadi berbentuk tepung yang halus, dan membuat bentuk dari mesin penggiling yang portabel. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode perancangan dan observasi. Hasil penelitian diperoleh desain mesin penggiling tepung terubuk dengan energi surya dengan spesifikasi rangka dengan panjang 552 mm, lebar 135 mm, tinggi 225 mm, dengan daya yang dibutuhkan untuk menggerakkan electromotor DC 3000 rpm pada mesin penepung ini adalah sebesar 60 watt dan sumber daya yang dihasilkan berasal dari aki 12V 20 AH. daya modul solar cell yang dibutuhkan untuk menggerakan mesin penepung ini yaitu sebesar 100 wp.
Indonesia as a tropical country has a high potential for solar energy with an average daily radiation (insolation) of 4.5 kWh/m2/day. This potential can be utilized as an alternative energy source available throughout the year. Solar energy is widely applied in various industrial activities and activities in the community, in this study we tried to design the ultimate flour machine that is run by solar energy (solar cell). So that solar energy (solar cell) which includes renewable energy will be used by people in rural and industrial areas. In the process of making the ultimate grinding machine to produce flour, a tool is designed that can crush the terubuk into a fine powder, and make the shape of a portable grinding machine. The method used is the observation design method. The results showed that the design of the terubuk flour milling machine with solar energy with a frame specification of 552 mm long, 135 mm wide, 225 mm high, with the power required to drive a 3000 rpm DC electromotor on this flour machine is 60 watts and the resulting power source comes from a 12V 20 AH battery. The power of the solar cell module needed to drive this flour machine is 100 wp.