bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic and environmental regulation of adipocyte function
Authors: Matsumura Yoshihiro , Osborne Timothy F , Sakai Juro 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Adipocytes play an essential role in the maintenance of whole-body energy homeostasis. White adipocytes regulate energy storage, whereas brown and beige adipocytes regulate energy expenditure and heat production. De novo production of adipocytes (i.e. adipogenesis) and their functions are dynamically controlled by environmental cues. Environmental changes (e.g. temperature, nutrients, hormones, cytokines) are transmitted via intracellular signaling to facilitate short-term responses and long-term adaptation in adipocytes; however, the molecular mechanisms that link the environment and epigenome are poorly understood. Our recent studies have demonstrated that environmental cues dynamically regulate interactions between transcription factors and epigenomic chromatin regulators, which together trigger combinatorial changes in chromatin structure to influence gene expression in adipocytes. Thus, environmental sensing by the concerted action of multiple chromatin-associated protein complexes is a key determinant of the epigenetic regulation of adipocyte functions.
Bundle Selection and Variety Seeking: The Importance of Combinatorics
Authors: O’Donnell Michael , Critcher Clayton R , Nelson Leif D 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhen consumers select bundles of goods, they may construct those sequentially (e.g., building a bouquet one flower at a time) or make a single choice of a prepackaged bundle (e.g., selecting an already-complete bouquet). Previous research suggested that the sequential construction of bundles encourages variety seeking. The present research revisits this claim and offers a theoretical explanation rooted in combinatorics and norm communication. When constructing a bundle, a consumer chooses among different choice permutations, but when selecting amongst prepackaged bundles, the consumer typically considers unique choice combinations. Because variety is typically overrepresented among permutations compared to combinations, certain consumers (in particular, those with similar attitudes toward items that could compose a bundle) are induced by these different numbers of pathways to variety to display more or less variety-seeking behavior. This is in part explained by the variety norms communicated by different choice architectures, cues most likely to be inferred and used by those who are indifferent between the potential bundle components and thus looking for guidance. Across 5 studies in the main text and 11 in the web appendix, this article tests this account and offers preliminary exploration of newly identified residual effects that the pathways-to-variety account cannot explain.
New insights and advances on pyomelanin production: from microbial synthesis to applications
Authors: Lorquin Faustine , Piccerelle Philippe , Orneto Caroline , Robin Maxime , Lorquin Jean 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPyomelanin is a brown-black phenolic polymer and results from the oxidation of homogentisic acid (HGA) in the L-tyrosine pathway. As part of the research for natural and active ingredients issued from realistic bioprocesses, this work re-evaluates the HGA pigment and makes an updated inventory of its syntheses, microbial pathways, and properties, with tracks and recent advances for its large-scale production. The mechanism of the HGA polymerization is also well documented. In alkaptonuria, pyomelanin formation leads to connective tissue damage and arthritis, most probably due to the ROS issued from HGA oxidation. While UV radiation on human melanin may generate degradation products, pyomelanin is not photodegradable, is hyperthermostable, and has other properties better than L-Dopa melanin. This review aims to raise awareness about the potential of this pigment for various applications, not only for skin coloring and protection but also for other cells, materials, and as a promising (semi)conductor for bioelectronics and energy.
Injection of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles to Treat Spinal Cord Injury in Rats
Authors: Behroozi Zahra , Rahimi Behnaz , Hamblin Michael R , Nasirinezhad Farinaz , Janzadeh Atousa , Ramezani Fatemeh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study investigated the effects of local injection of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeONPs) in a rat spinal cord injury (SCI) model. Thirty-six adult male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: controls (healthy animals), sham (laminectomy), SCI (laminectomy+SCI induction), and treatment (laminectomy+SCI induction+intrathecal injection of CeONPs immediately after injury). SCI was induced using an aneurysm clip at the T12-T13 vertebral region. Motor performance and pain threshold tests were performed weekly; H&E staining and measurement of cavity sizes were performed 6 weeks after injury. The expression of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF), P44/42 MAPK, P-P44/42 MAPK, Tau, myelin-associated glycoprotein(MAG) was evaluated after 6 weeks by Western blot. The Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan locomotor scoring scales improved in animals receiving CeONPs compared with SCI animals. The cavity sizes were less in the treatment group. GCSF expression was similar in the animals receiving CeONPs compared with the SCI group but the expression of ERK1/ERK2 and phospho-ERK was lower than in the SCI group. Expression levels of Tau and MAG were significantly increased in treated animals compared to the SCI group. These data indicate that the use of CeONPs may improve motor functional recovery in SCI.
Aprisco Field Station: the spatial structure of a new experimental site focused on agroecology
Authors: O’Brien Michael J , Carbonell Elisa P , Schöb Christian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Dehesa ecosystem provides important social and economic values across the Iberian Peninsula. Assessing the temporal dynamics of this system under climate change is important for the maintenance and conservation of these highly valuable ecosystems. Here, we present the baseline data of an observational plot network in the Dehesa that will form the foundation for monitoring long-term dynamics and for experimental manipulations testing the mechanisms driving resilience within the Dehesa. The initial surveys indicate that the forest structure is typical for the Dehesa, which suggests it is an exemplary site for examining temporal dynamics of this ecosystem. We present these initial data to encourage collaborations from international scientists via either direct experimental projects or meta-analyses.
Association of volumetric-modulated arc therapy with radiation pneumonitis in thoracic esophageal cancer
Authors: Inoo Hiroyuki , Sakanaka Katsuyuki , Fujii Kota , Ishida Yuichi , Mizowaki Takashi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The lung volume receiving low-dose irradiation has been reported to increase in volumetric-modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) compared with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) for thoracic esophageal cancer, which raises concerns regarding radiation pneumonitis (RP) risk. This single institutional retrospective cohort study aimed to explore whether VMAT for thoracic esophageal cancer was associated with RP. Our study included 161 patients with thoracic esophageal cancer, of whom 142 were definitively treated with 3DCRT and 39 were treated with VMAT between 2008 and 2018. Radiotherapy details, dose–volume metrics, reported RP risk factors and RP incidence were collected. The RP risk factors were assessed via multivariate analysis. Dose–volume analysis showed that VMAT delivered more conformal dose distributions to the target volume (P &lt; 0.001) and reduced V30 Gy of heart (57% vs 41%, P &lt; 0.001) but increased V5 Gy (54% vs 41%, P &lt; 0.001) and V20 Gy (20% vs 17%, P = 0.01) of lungs compared with 3DCRT. However, the 1-year incidence rates of RP did not differ between the two techniques (11.3% in 3DCRT vs 7.7% in VMAT, P = 0.53). The multivariate analysis suggested that the presence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) (P = 0.01) and V20 Gy of lungs ≥20% (P = 0.008) were associated with RP. Conclusively, VMAT increased the lung volume receiving low to middle doses irradiation, although this might not be associated with RP. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of using VMAT for delivering conformal dose distributions on RP.
Facilitating deployment of transportable nuclear power plants through a new regime of mutual recognition
Authors: Handrlica Jakub 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Further developments towards future deployment of transportable nuclear power plants (TNPPs) are recently under way in several States. Major advantages have been identified with respect to potential deployment of TNPPs in the future. The availability of a TNPP may provide benefits of both secure and economical energy. Also, opting for a TNPP may eliminate the long-term commitment of the host State to the management of radioactive waste. Lastly, choosing the export scenario may reduce the potential national investment required to benefit from nuclear power. At the same time, a high level of nuclear safety must be guaranteed with respect to the prospective deployment of TNPPs. Thus, each TNPP must be duly licenced by the competent regulatory authority. The future legal framework must balance both interest for speedy deployment of this new technology and the need to maintain a high level of nuclear safety. This article argues that new licensing regimes, as established by bilateral agreements between the supplier States and the host States, may represent a legal tool for facilitating deployment of these promising technologies. This article also argues that concluding such bilateral agreements on mutual recognition would be in line with the incentive character of the Convention on Nuclear Safety.
Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Preliminary Validation of a French Version of the Trauma-Related Nightmare Survey (TRNS-FR) in a PTSD Veteran Population
Authors: Saguin Emeric , Hulot Lieutenant Jean , Roseau Jean-Baptiste , Metlaine Arnaud , Paul Frédéric , Nicolas Florian , Sipahimalani Lieutenant Gilles , Leger Damien , Gomez-Merino Danielle , Chennaoui Mounir 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
In the military population, trauma-related nightmares (TRNs) are highly associated with deployments and combat-related events. Trauma-related nightmares are also correlated with severity, treatment resistance, and chronicity of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, to date, no specific measure of TRNs has been validated for use in the French language. This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the English version of the Trauma-Related Nightmare Survey into French and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the translation on veterans.

Materials and Methods
After the translation and cultural adaptation process, we evaluated the reliability and validity of the French version of the questionnaire (TRNS-FR) in a population of veterans suffering from PTSD with nightmare complaints (n = 56 patients for test-retest and n = 60 for internal consistency), recruited from five French military hospitals.

Results
Analyses demonstrated that TRNS-FR has good test-retest reliability (r = 0.59) and good internal consistency with PTSD symptoms, insomnia symptoms, and subjective sleep parameters assessed at home. This questionnaire provides a rapid and comprehensive assessment of sleep disturbance and a specific description of TRNs in the population of veterans with severe PTSD. Our results allowed us to propose a valid and reliable French adaptation of the questionnaire.

Conclusion
Because sleep disturbances and TRNs require specific therapeutic management, the psychometric qualities of TRNS-FR make it a tool of choice for assessing TRNs in future clinical research settings.
Close detached white dwarf + brown dwarf binaries: further evidence for low values of the common envelope efficiency
Authors: Zorotovic Monica , Schreiber MatthiasR 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Common envelope evolution is a fundamental ingredient in our understanding of the formation of close binary stars containing compact objects that include the progenitors of type Ia supernovae, short gamma-ray bursts, and most stellar gravitational wave sources. To predict the outcome of common envelope evolution, we still rely to a large degree on a simplified energy conservation equation. Unfortunately, this equation contains a theoretically rather poorly constrained efficiency parameter (αCE) and, even worse, it is unclear if energy sources in addition to orbital energy (such as recombination energy) contribute to the envelope ejection process. In previous works, we reconstructed the evolution of observed populations of post-common envelope binaries (PCEBs) consisting of white dwarfs with main-sequence star companions and found indications that the efficiency is rather small (αCE ≃ 0.2–0.3) and that extra energy sources are only required in very few cases. Here, we used the same reconstruction tool to investigate the evolutionary history of a sample of observed PCEBs with brown dwarf companions. In contrast to previous works, we found that the evolution of observationally well-characterized PCEBs with brown dwarf companions can be understood assuming a low common envelope efficiency (αCE = 0.24–0.41), similar to that required to understand PCEBs with main-sequence star companions, and that contributions from recombination energy are not required. We conclude that the vast majority of PCEBs form from common envelope evolution that can be parametrized with a small efficiency and without taking into account additional energy sources.
LAMOST J045019.27 + 394758.7, with peculiar abundances of N, Na, V, Zn, is possibly a Sculptor dwarf galaxy escapee
Authors: Purandardas Meenakshi , Goswami Aruna , Shejeelammal J , Sonamben Mayani , Pawar Ganesh , Mkrtichian David , Doddamani Vijayakumar H , Joshi Santosh 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
We present the results of the high-resolution (R ∼ 60 000) spectroscopic analysis of the star LAMOSTJ045019.27 + 394758.7 (hereafter J045) from the list of carbon stars of LAMOST DR2. From our analysis, we find that J045 does not exhibit the spectral characteristics of carbon stars. It is found to be a metal-poor ([Fe/H] = −1.05) giant that shows very unusual elemental abundances, particularly for N, Na, V, and Zn. J045 shows α-elements (Mg, Si, Ca) with near-solar values (&lt;[α/Fe]&gt; = 0.09) in contrast to Galactic stars that show [α/Fe] in the range 0.2–0.3 dex. In J045, Sc and Ti are under abundant with [X/Fe] ≤ −0.25. Vanadium gives [V/Fe] = 0.51 and zinc is under-abundant with [Zn/Fe] = −0.62. The object exhibits near-solar abundances for Sr, Y, Ba, Pr, and Sm. The La is marginally enhanced, and Ce and Nd are marginally under-abundant in J045. With [Ba/Eu] = −0.38, the object falls into the category of neutron-capture rich r-I stars. The estimated abundances of various elements show that the observed abundance pattern is not compatible with the abundances characteristic of Galactic metal-poor stars but matches quite closely with the abundance pattern of Sculptor Dwarf galaxy stars of similar metallicity. Based on the above observational evidences, we suggest that the object is a possible Sculptor Dwarf Galaxy escapee.
AGBE: a dual deaminase-mediated base editor by fusing CGBE with ABE for creating a saturated mutant population with multiple editing patterns
Authors: Liang Yanhui , Xie Jingke , Zhang Quanjun , Wang Xiaomin , Gou Shixue , Lin Lihui , Chen Tao , Ge Weikai , Zhuang Zhenpeng , Lian Meng , Chen Fangbing , Li Nan , Ouyang Zhen , Lai Chengdan , Liu Xiaoyi , Li Lei , Ye Yinghua , Wu Han , Wang Kepin , Lai Liangxue 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Establishing saturated mutagenesis in a specific gene through gene editing is an efficient approach for identifying the relationships between mutations and the corresponding phenotypes. CRISPR/Cas9-based sgRNA library screening often creates indel mutations with multiple nucleotides. Single base editors and dual deaminase-mediated base editors can achieve only one and two types of base substitutions, respectively. A new glycosylase base editor (CGBE) system, in which the uracil glycosylase inhibitor (UGI) is replaced with uracil-DNA glycosylase (UNG), was recently reported to efficiently induce multiple base conversions, including C-to-G, C-to-T and C-to-A. In this study, we fused a CGBE with ABE to develop a new type of dual deaminase-mediated base editing system, the AGBE system, that can simultaneously introduce 4 types of base conversions (C-to-G, C-to-T, C-to-A and A-to-G) as well as indels with a single sgRNA in mammalian cells. AGBEs can be used to establish saturated mutant populations for verification of the functions and consequences of multiple gene mutation patterns, including single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and indels, through high-throughput screening.
Fuzzy RNA recognition by theTrypanosoma bruceieditosome
Authors: Leeder Wolf-Matthias , Geyer Felix Klaus , Göringer Hans Ulrich 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe assembly of high molecular mass ribonucleoprotein complexes typically relies on the binary interaction of defined RNA sequences or precisely folded RNA motifs with dedicated RNA-binding domains on the protein side. Here we describe a new molecular recognition principle of RNA molecules by a high molecular mass protein complex. By chemically probing the solvent accessibility of mitochondrial pre-mRNAs when bound to the Trypanosoma brucei editosome, we identified multiple similar but non-identical RNA motifs as editosome contact sites. However, by treating the different motifs as mathematical graph objects we demonstrate that they fit a consensus 2D-graph consisting of 4 vertices (V) and 3 edges (E) with a Laplacian eigenvalue of 0.5477 (λ2). We establish that synthetic 4V(3E)-RNAs are sufficient to compete for the editosomal pre-mRNA binding site and that they inhibit RNA editing in vitro. Furthermore, we demonstrate that only two topological indices are necessary to predict the binding of any RNA motif to the editosome with a high level of confidence. Our analysis corroborates that the editosome has adapted to the structural multiplicity of the mitochondrial mRNA folding space by recognizing a fuzzy continuum of RNA folds that fit a consensus graph descriptor.
Social Justice and Native American Political Engagement
Authors: Sanchez Gabriel R , Foxworth Raymond 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The run-up to the 2020 election in the United States was marked by an unprecedented health pandemic and a social movement to challenge structural racism and advance social justice. Record numbers of Americans risked their health by protesting and voting in 2020. We analyze the relationship between a desire to advance social justice and Native American political behavior and political accountability utilizing data from the 2020 American Election Eve Survey’s large sample of Native American voters. We find that in 2020, both perceptions of racial discrimination and the COVID-19 health pandemic had a significant effect on Native American mobilization and political accountability. We also advance the limited research on the Native American electorate by finding that living on or very near tribal lands is a consequential factor for Native American political behavior and their pursuits for justice through political participation.
Partial Tendon Injury at the Tendon-to-Bone Enthesis Activates Skeletal Stem Cells
Authors: Titan Ashley L , Davitt Michael , Foster Deshka , Salhotra Ankit , Menon Siddharth , Chen Kellen , Fahy Evan , Lopez Michael , Jones R Ellen , Baiu Ioana , Burcham Austin , Januszyk Michael , Gurtner Geoffrey , Fox Paige , Chan Charles , Quarto Natalina , Longaker Michael 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe tendon enthesis plays a critical role in facilitating movement and reducing stress within joints. Partial enthesis injuries heal in a mechanically inferior manner and never achieve healthy tissue function. The cells responsible for tendon-to-bone healing remain incompletely characterized and their origin is unknown. Here, we evaluated the putative role of mouse skeletal stem cells (mSSCs) in the enthesis after partial-injury. We found that mSSCs were present at elevated levels within the enthesis following injury and that these cells downregulated TGFβ signaling pathway elements at both the RNA and protein levels. Exogenous application of TGFβ post-injury led to a reduced mSSC response and impaired healing, whereas treatment with a TGFβ inhibitor (SB43154) resulted in a more robust mSSC response. Collectively, these data suggest that mSSCs may augment tendon-to-bone healing by dampening the effects of TGFβ signaling within the mSSC niche.
Dll4 Inhibition Promotes Graft Retention in Fat Grafting Enriched with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells
Authors: Lee Choong-kun , Park Bo-Yoon , Jo Taehee , Park Cheol-Heum , Kim Ju-Hee , Chung Kyu-Jin , Kim Yong-Ha , Park Do Young , Kim Il-Kug 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Autologous fat grafting is among the safest and most effective treatments for soft-tissue restoration and augmentation, and many efforts have been made to improve its efficiency, including adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) supplementation. Here, we investigated the role of Notch ligand Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4) in angiogenesis within grafted fat and its effect on graft retention, as well as the effect of Dll4 inhibition on ASC supplementation. Using a murine fat graft model, we investigated the expression of Dll4 in fat grafts and assessed the graft volume, vascularity, and perfusion within the graft, and ASC differentiation patterns depending on the blockade of Dll4. The underlying mechanism of Dll4 inhibition on ASC supplemented fat grafts was investigated using transcriptome analysis. Dll4 was highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) within grafted fat, where Dll4-blocking antibody treatment-induced angiogenesis, promoting fat graft retention. In addition, its effect on fat graft retention was synergistically improved when ASCs were concomitantly supplemented. The expression of junctional proteins was increased in ECs, and inflammatory processes were downregulated in grafted fat upon ASC supplementation and Dll4 inhibition. Dll4 inhibition induced vascularization within the grafted fat, thereby promoting graft retention and exhibiting synergistic effects with concomitant ASC supplementation. This study serves as a basis for developing new potential therapeutic approaches targeting Dll4 to improve graft retention after cell-assisted transfer.
The family foundation in Germany—the queen of succession planning?
Authors: Uhl Matthias 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The German family foundation is able to bundle assets in an independent legal entity. In this way, even companies can be continued and developed further. The family foundation serves to support the family members. The inheritance tax law that has been in force for a number of years makes it attractive from a tax perspective to transfer companies with high assets to such family foundations. For this reason, the family foundation has even been called a queen of succession planning under the current German laws.