bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two‐Dimensional Polydopamine Fabrication by a Mild Oxidation‐Based Exfoliation Route and its Application for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Zhan Qichen , Shi Xianqing , Jiang Bao , Zheng Yuhan , Zhou Lin , Cao Peng , Wei Shaohua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPolydopamine (PDA) has been applied widely in electronic elements, environmental management, and biomedical science. However, simple, mild, ultrathin, and template‐free 2D PDA (2D‐PDA) fabrication is still a big challenge. Herein, single‐layered 2D‐PDA is fabricated via an oxidation‐based exfoliation route by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The thickness of 2D‐PDA is 3.4 Å, similar to that of single‐layered graphene. Melanin‐like 2D‐PDA with a photothermal conversion rate (η) of 27.16% is a promising hyperthermia agent in cancer treatment (photothermal therapy, PTT). Furthermore, the plane‐oriented orientation 2D‐PDA with a high surface area is designed as a zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc, a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy, PDT) carrier to fabricate nanomedicine (denoted PZNSs). Upon the combined light irradiation, PZNSs achieve satisfactory synergistic anticancer efficiency.
Stabilizing Lithiophilic Sites Via Bimetallic Oxide Heterointerfaces
Authors: Xu Jinting , Sun Nannan , Chen Jiahe , Li Zhendong , Liu Xinyan , Ren Xiaodi , Yao Xiayin , Peng Hong‐Jie , Peng Zhe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDesigning metal oxide hosts with multiple lithophilic sites has emerged as a promising strategy to stabilize lithium (Li) metal anode for Li metal batteries (LMBs). Through lowering Li nucleation overpotentials, metal‐oxide‐derived lithiophilic frameworks can guide uniform Li deposition. However, lithiophilic sites suffer from failure upon cycling due to the structural collapse, limiting their durability for practical applications. Herein, a heterointerfacing strategy is reported to stabilize the alloy‐type lithiophilic sites of zinc. Nondurable zinc oxide is closely jointed with durable cobalt oxide, forming a unique bimetallic oxide heterointerface that possesses both favorable Li affinity and high structural integrity. The roles of individual components and the interface are both investigated. The heterostructured framework serves as a buffer layer at the anode/electrolyte interface, enabling stable regulation of Li plating and stripping. The as‐modified Li metal anode achieves high coulombic efficiency and long‐term stability in practical LMBs. This work sheds a light on designing durable lithiophilic hosts for LMBs under practical conditions.
Grain Boundary Chemical Anchoring via Bidirectional Active Site Additive Enables Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Gang , Wang Wenqi , Bai Le , Zhou Qian , He Dongmei , Liu Baibai , Zhao Pengjun , Tan Lin , Li Yuelong , Wei Dong , Chen Jiangzhao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe nonradiative recombination induced by trap states at the surface and grain boundaries impedes the further increase of power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Consequently, it is highly desirable to minimize the trap‐assisted nonradiative recombination in perovskite films. Here, an effective additive engineering strategy is reported where N‐succinimidyl 6‐maleimidohexanoate (denoted as NSMH) with multiple active sites and hydrophobic alkyl chains were incorporated for fully eliminating undercoordinated Pb2+ traps in perovskite films. It is revealed that improved crystallinity and reduced defect density are achieved, which is ascribed to the strong coordination interaction between the carbonyl groups at both sides of NSMH molecules and Pb2+. As a result, the NSMH‐modified device exhibits a champion PCE of 22.40% with negligible hysteresis, which is significantly higher than 20.67% of the control device. The unencapsulated modified device exhibits no degradation while the control device degrades to 82% of its initial PCE after storing for 1536 h in a relative humidity of 10–20% at room temperature in the dark.
Ultrabroadband Photodetector Based on Ferromagnetic van der Waals Heterodiode
Authors: Hu Xin , Hou Jie , Dong Qingsong , Liu Zhiyi , Wang Suofu , Wang Fang , Tu Yubing , Han Tao , Li Feng , Zhang Zongyuan , Hou Xingyuan , Wang Shaoliang , Zhao Dongxu , Shan Lei , Long Mingsheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe discovery of 2D ferromagnetic (FM) van der Waals (vdW) semiconductors with narrow bandgap and p‐type transport behavior makes them promising for infrared photodetection. Here, a 2D vdW heterodiode uncooled long‐wave infrared (LWIR) photodetector by stacking a p‐type 2D FM material CrSiTe3 on top of an n‐type transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) MoS2 is reported. A good rectification ratio >102 and an ultra‐broadband photoresponse from 0.52 to 10.6 μm are demonstrated. The photoresponsivity of up to 20.7 A W−1 and the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of up to 4031.7% are obtained under a 1310 nm laser at a −1 V bias in ambient, which indicates that these CrSiTe3–MoS2 p–n junction devices have a good photovoltaic response. Meanwhile, the photovoltaic responsivity up to 0.15 A W−1, EQE up to 29.7%, and fast response with a decay time of 2.8 μs at 637 nm are demonstrated. In addition, the room temperature mid‐wave infrared (MWIR) specific detectivity and LWIR specific detectivity of CrSiTe3–MoS2 is 6.1 × 109 cm Hz1/2 W−1 and 1.93 × 109 cm Hz1/2 W−1, respectively. These observations open up possibilities for developing high‐sensitive infrared detection based on the valley optical selection rule and LWIR image technology.
Functional significance of novel variants of the MEF2C gene promoter in congenital ventricular septal defects
Authors: Zeng Zhi‐Hua , Chen Huan‐Xin , Liu Xiao‐Cheng , Yang Qin , He Guo‐Wei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVentricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common congenital heart disease. Although the coding region of MEF2C is highly relevant to cardiac malformations, the role of MEF2C gene promoter variants in VSD patients has not been genetically investigated. We investigated the role of MEF2C gene promoter variants in 400 Han Chinese subjects (200 patients with isolated and sporadic VSD and 200 healthy controls). The promoter region of the MEF2C gene was sequenced that identified 10 variants. Expression vectors encompassing the variants and the firefly luciferase reporter gene plasmid (pGL3‐basic) were constructed and subsequently transfected into HEK‐293 cells. The luciferase activities were measured by Dual‐luciferase reporter assay system. MEF2C gene promoter transcriptional activity was significantly reduced in 4 of the 10 variants in HEK‐293 cells (P < 0.05). In addition, the JASPAR database was used to perform bioinformatics analysis, which showed that these variants disrupt the putative binding sites of transcription factors and affected the expression of MEF2C protein. This study for the first time identified the variants in the promoter of the MEF2C gene in Han Chinese population and revealed the role of these variants in the formation of VSD.
New frontiers in imaging, anatomy, and mechanics of crocodylian jaw muscles
Authors: Holliday Casey M. , Sellers Kaleb C. , Lessner Emily J. , Middleton Kevin M. , Cranor Corrine , Verhulst Conner D. , Lautenschlager Stephan , Bader Kenneth , Brown Matthew A. , Colbert Matthew W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNew imaging and biomechanical approaches have heralded a renaissance in our understanding of crocodylian anatomy. Here, we review a series of approaches in the preparation, imaging, and functional analysis of the jaw muscles of crocodylians. Iodine‐contrast microCT approaches are enabling new insights into the anatomy of muscles, nerves, and other soft tissues of embryonic as well as adult specimens of alligators. These imaging data and other muscle modeling methods offer increased accuracy of muscle sizes and attachments without destructive methods like dissection. 3D modeling approaches and imaging data together now enable us to see and reconstruct 3D muscle architecture which then allows us to estimate 3D muscle resultants, but also measurements of pennation in ways not seen before. These methods have already revealed new information on the ontogeny, diversity, and function of jaw muscles and the heads of alligators and other crocodylians. Such approaches will lead to enhanced and accurate analyses of form, function, and evolution of crocodylians, their fossil ancestors and vertebrates in general.
Decorated magnetic nanoparticles with polyvinyl alcohol brushes modified with metal chelate affinity groups for purification of proteins
Authors: Faraji Maedeh , Asnaashariisfahani Manzarbanou , Baharvand Habibollah , Fard Hassan Kabiri 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRefining is a serious challenge in the production of recombinant proteins, and this study proposes a new and easy strategy for the synthesis of magnetic affinity nanoparticles. First, the nanoparticles attached to polyvinyl alcohol brushes were synthesized, and then the hydroxyl groups of this polymer were converted to chelate groups. The nanoparticles were examined by (SEM) scanning electron microscopy, (TEM) transmission electron microscopy, (DLS) dynamic light scattering, (FT‐IR) Fourier transform infrared, (XRD) X‐ray powder diffraction, (VSM) vibrating sample magnetometry, and (TGA) thermal gravimetric analysis. The results confirm that uniform and spherical magnetic polymer nanoparticles with high magnetization and superparamagnetic properties were successfully synthesized. The S100A9 protein, a His‐tagged recombinant protein, was expressed and purified using the synthesized nanoparticles. According to the (SDS‐PAGE) sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis results, there is a high degree of resolution in protein separation. The synthesized nanoparticles have a high protein binding capacity of about 208 mg of protein per gram of nanoparticles.
An Investigation into the Charge Storage Mechanism and Cycling Performance of Mn2O3 as the Cathode Material for Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Hou Qingping , Ivey Douglas G. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this work, highly crystalline, nanosize Mn2O3 powder is synthesized via a precipitation and calcination method for utilization as the cathode in aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (aZIBs). The resultant electrodes are characterized using electrochemical and microstructural methods to determine the mechanisms associated with charge and discharge. In addition, a few quantitative testing methods are used to investigate cycling performance stability. A specific capacity of 211 mAh g−1 is retained after 200 cycles at a current density of 500 mA g−1 with 93 % capacity retention. Also, 73 % capacity retention can be reached after 1100 cycles at 2000 mA g−1. The energy storage mechanism associated with Mn2O3 is for the first time proposed to be a chemical conversion reaction type with two steps involving the formation/decomposition of ZnMn2O4 (hetaerolite) and zinc sulphate hydroxide (ZHS). Also, capacity fading is directly linked to the incomplete reversibility of the chemical conversion reaction mechanism.
An efficient differential sensing strategy for phenolic pollutants based on a nanozyme with polyphenol oxidase activity
Authors: Yang Xiaoyu , Lei Lulu , Song Donghui , Sun Yue , Yang Meng , Sang Zhen , Zhou Jianan , Huang Hui , Li Yongxin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo realize the efficient differential sensing of phenolic pollutants in sewage, a novel sensing strategy was successfully developed based on a nanozyme (GMP‐Cu) with polyphenol oxidase activity. Phenolic pollutants can be oxidized using GMP‐Cu, and the oxidation products reacts subsequently with 4‐aminoantipyrine to produce a quinone‐imine compound. The absorption spectra of final quinone‐imine products that resulted from different phenolic pollutants showed obvious differences, which were due to the interaction difference between GMP‐Cu and phenolic pollutants, as well as the different molecular structures of the quinone‐imine products from different phenolic pollutants. Based on the difference in the absorption spectra, a novel differential sensing strategy was developed. A genetic algorithm was used to select the characteristic wavelengths at different enzymatic reaction times. Hierarchical cluster analysis and PLS‐DA algorithms were utilized for the discriminant sensing of seven representative phenolic pollutants, including hydroquinone, resorcinol, catechol, resorcinol, phenol, p‐chlorophenol, and 2,4‐dichlorophenol. A scientific wavelength selection algorithm and a recognition algorithm resulted in the successful identification of phenolic pollutants in sewage with a discriminant accuracy of 100%, and differentiation of the phenolic pollutants regardless of their concentration. These results indicated that a sensing strategy can be used as an effective tool for the efficient identification and differentiation of phenolic pollutants in sewage.
Measuring product lifetime extension potential by increasing the expected product lifetime: Methodology and case study
Authors: Nishijima Daisuke , Oguchi Masahiro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the factors affecting consumer replacement behavior is important in extending the product lifetime in a circular economy. Although such factors have been widely investigated, methodologies to quantitatively measure the potential of changes in these aspects are scarce. They help to consider effective strategies for product lifetime extension. This study focused on the expected product lifetime and constructed a framework to analyze this potential, using air conditioners in Japan as a case study. When the expected product lifetime increased by 1, 2, and 3 years, the mean actual product lifetime rose by 0.9, 1.8, and 2.72 years, respectively, whose values can be sufficiently recognized as potentials for product lifetime extension. The results indicate that products and services for product lifetime extension can actually be used by consumers. Therefore, business strategies for product lifetime extension can increase resource efficiency and potentially strengthen competitiveness in future resource constraint economies.
Refractory hypertensive emergency associated with complete heart block resolved after permanent pacemaker implantation: A case report
Authors: Choudhury Moinuddin , Kumar Narendra , Chalil Shajil , Abozguia Khalid 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSevere hypertension sometimes improves with treatment of bradycardia but this phenomenon is under‐reported. Here, an elderly gentleman with complete heart block and a hypertensive emergency was refractory to medical therapies and blood pressure only improved following pacemaker implantation. We discuss the possible mechanisms relating to heart rate and artificial pacing.
Nasal rhinosporidiosis masquerading as pyogenic granuloma in a pediatric patient at a Zonal Referral Hospital in Central Tanzania: Case report
Authors: Abraham Zephania Saitabau , Zerd Francis , Kahinga Aveline Aloyce 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBeing rare, rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous disease that is characterized by polypoidal lesions of the mucous membrane and is caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. The disease commonly affects the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx, conjunctiva, and palate and its very rare in our geographical location.
Core–Shell ZIF‐8@ZIF‐67‐Derived Cobalt Nanoparticles In Situ Grown on N‐doped Carbon Nanotube Polyhedra for Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Detection of Chloramphenicol
Authors: Yang Beibei , Shao Mengjiao , Xu Yufeng , Du Yanyan , Yang Hualing , Bin Duan , Liu Baohong , Lu Hongbin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this work, we developed a highly selective detector towards the antibiotic drug chloramphenicol (CAP) using Co nanoparticle, which are grown in situ on N‐doped carbon nanotube polyhedra (Co@NCNP), which are obtained by a pyrolysis strategy derived from core‐shell ZIF‐8@ZIF‐67. Physical characterization verified that metal‐organic framework (MOFs)‐derived Co@NCNP nanocomposites present a nanotube structure on their mesoporous polyhedron surface. As a result, the as‐prepared Co@NCNP can be used as a sensitive electrochemical sensor for chloramphenicol detection, and the modified electrode is also studied by electrochemical methods such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). When compared with single ZIF‐67‐derived electrode, the Co@NCNP displays a higher electrocatalytic activity in the presence of chloramphenicol. Moreover, an excellent performance with a linear response range of 5–268.83 μM and a low detection limit of 0.5 μM (S/N=3) is observed for the Co@NCNP modified electrode. Finally, the fabricated chloramphenicol sensor achieves a good anti‐interference ability, stability, excellent repeatability, and remarkable reproducibility. The sensor also could be applied in human serum to determine of chloramphenicol with a satisfactory result.
60 years of dislocations in ceramics: A conceptual framework for dislocation mechanics in ceramics
Authors: Porz Lukas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHigh‐tech ceramics are typically engineered by controlling point defects and interfaces while one‐dimensional dislocations have found much less attention so far. Nevertheless, their impact on almost any functional property and the sudden ease to fabricate them with novel synthesis methods, such as rapid densification, brings spotlight attention to dislocations as design dimension. Although the typical brittleness of ceramics insinuates the irrelevance of dislocations for mechanical behavior, abundant literature is spread over materials, decades, and disciplines, however, often unconnected. Here, a conceptual framework for dislocation mechanics in ceramics separated into five logical aspects, (1) fundamental mobility, (2) obstacles to motion, (3) limitation by necessity of nucleation, (4) motion complexity, and (5) avoidance of competing mechanisms, brings oversight into the complex behavior. In consequence, quicker identification of the limiting step allows to estimate the potential involved more precisely and to identify open research questions with greater ease. An introduction to dislocations and the functionality involved, a look back over the last six decades, and highlights of open question are dedicated to provide a framework and bridge the gap between the attached research fields.
Development and Application of a Chemical Labeling‐Based Biosensing Assay for Rapid Detection of 8‐Oxoguanine and Its Repair in vitro and in Human Cells
Authors: Kong Weiheng , Ji Yongqin , Zhu Xiaowen , Dai Xiaoxia , You Changjun 
Published: June 2022

Comprehensive SummaryLiving cells are constantly threatened by endogenous and environmental agents that can induce various DNA lesions including 8‐oxoguanine (8‐oxoG). Increasing evidence has suggested that 8‐oxoG is not only a biomarker of oxidative stress, but also a novel epigenetic‐like modification involved in transcriptional regulation in mammalian cells. Measurement of DNA damage and repair is useful for both basic research and clinical applications, but current methods for 8‐oxoG detection still suffer from some problems such as poor selectivity, time consuming and being expensive. Here, we developed a fast and simple biosensing approach for quantitative analysis of 8‐oxoG in DNA, which was based on the selective chemical biotinylation of 8‐oxoG in conjunction with biotin‐streptavidin enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. We have also successfully applied this method to achieve efficient detection of the repair activities of DNA glycosylases Fpg and hOGG1 toward 8‐oxoG in vitro and in human cells. This newly developed biosensing assay should be generally applicable for rapid detection of 8‐oxoG and its repair in other organisms.
An efficient cyber‐physical system using hybridized enhanced support‐vector machine with Ada‐Boost classification algorithm
Authors: Sharma Durgesh M. , Shandilya Shishir Kumar 
Published: June 2022

SummaryThe necessity of cyber‐security has obtained immense importance in day‐to‐day concerns of network communication. Therefore, several available research works predominantly focus on network security to protect the resources, services, and networks from any unauthorized access. A CPS (cyber‐physical system) model using a dual mutation‐based genetic algorithm, with feature classification through Ada‐Boost and SVM classifier is proposed in this paper. Dual‐mutation based genetic‐algorithm overcomes the issues of conventional techniques including convergence issues and local fine‐tuning of features. In this paper, necessary modifications were made to the existing Genetic Algorithm (GA) method to reduce the random nature of the traditional GA method. Particularly, the goal of this work is to develop the modified reproduction operators with appropriate fitness functions to guide simulations to gain optimal solutions. In floating‐point representation, every chromosome vector has been coded as a floating‐point number vector having the same length as the solution vector. Each element was selected initially, to stand within the desired domain, and operators were designed carefully in satisfying the constraints. As a result, there are various enhancements employed in the dual‐mutation algorithm that handles local fine‐tuned features. The relevant features of dataset samples are extracted and rescaled using feature selection and resampling phase aided by the Markov‐resampling process. Followed by this, a hybrid approach of ESVM (enhanced support‐vector machine) algorithm with Ada‐Boost classifier is implemented for the fault classification process. The performance assessment was explicated in terms of accuracy‐factor, F1‐score, and execution time. Comparative analysis expounded the efficacy of the proposed model than other conventional methods attaining higher accuracy (97%), F1‐score (99%) rates, and less execution time (15.33 s).
Ultra‐Bright Near‐Infrared Sulfonate‐Indolizine Cyanine‐ and Squaraine‐Albumin Chaperones: Record Quantum Yields and Applications
Authors: Meador William E. , Kapusta Karina , Owolabi Iyanuoluwani , Autry Shane A. , Saloni Julia , Kolodziejczyk Wojciech , Hammer Nathan I. , Flynt Alex S. , Hill Glake A. , Delcamp Jared H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe design of bright, high quantum yield (QY) materials in the near‐infrared (NIR) spectral region in water remains a significant challenge. A series of cyanine and squaraine dyes varying water solubilizing groups and heterocycles are studied to probe the interactions of these groups with albumin in water. Unprecedented, ′ultra‐bright′ emission in water is observed for a sulfonate indolizine squaraine dye (61.1 % QY) and a sulfonate indolizine cyanine dye (46.7 % QY) at NIR wavelengths of >700 nm and >800 nm, respectively. The dyes presented herein have a lower limit of detection than the most sensitive dyes known in the NIR region for albumin detection by at least an order of magnitude, which enables more sensitive diagnostic testing. Additionally, biotinylated human serum albumin complexed with the dyes reported herein was observed to function as an immunohistochemical reagent enabling high resolution imaging of cellular α‐tubulin at low dye concentrations.