bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diavik Waste-Rock Project, Northwest Territories, Canada: Predicting Field-Scale Waste-Rock Drainage Quality from Humidity-Cell Experiments
Authors: Bailey B.L. , Amos R.T. , Blowes D.W. , Moore M.L. , Ptacek C.J. , Smith L. , Sego D.C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The prediction of water quality from waste-rock stockpiles is an important aspect of mine planning and closure. These predictions are complex, and a well-documented mechanistic approach can provide greater confidence in the results. In this study, humidity-cell experiments (1-kg sample) conducted at 5° and 22°C were used to estimate the effluent water quality and release rates of oxidation products from small-scale (12 t) field-based lysimeters. A comparison between estimated total mass loadings from laboratory humidity cells and total mass loadings from field lysimeters at the Diavik diamond mine, Northwest Territories, Canada, was completed for a five-year period. Measured temperature, S content, and surface area values were used as the primary scaling variables in these estimates. The release rate of SO42− from humidity cells with varying S content (ranging from 0.02–0.18 wt % total S) were normalized to the surface area of sulfide (mol m–2 sulfide S–1 sec–1) from each humidity cell. The resulting variability in SO42− release rates for waste-rock types were within one order of magnitude. The release rates of SO42− from the humidity cells were used to estimate the release rates from waste rock in the field with an average of 0.053 wt % total S. The results suggest that the measured annual total mass loading in the field was within the range predicted from the normalized annual total mass loadings using the surface area of sulfide from the humidity cells, with some discrepancies. Variation in annual loading at the field scale, presumably due to variability in precipitation and flushing, resulted in year-to-year discrepancies. Predictions of Fe and Ni release rates did not capture the field lysimeter results well, likely as a result of variations in geochemical conditions between laboratory and field-scale experiments (i.e., pH, mineral solubility) and also physical and geochemical heterogeneity that is not fully captured in the material characterization at each scale. The results indicate that, at this scale, annual total mass loadings can be estimated using small-scale humidity cells with a mechanistic approach if a thorough characterization of the waste rock is completed to better refine the release rates.
Telling the Story: Capacity-Building in the Asylum Network
Authors: McQuaid Jennifer 
Published: August 2022

In the midst of an overwhelming immigration crisis at the Southern Border of the United States, the specific needs of asylum seekers are at risk of being overshadowed. Asylum is a form of humanitarian protection granted to foreign nationals arriving at the border, or already within the United States, who meet the international law definition of “refugee” as defined by the United Nations 1951 Convention and the 1967 United Nations Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees.1 A refugee or an asylum seeker is a person who, as a result of previous persecution, or fear of future persecution, is unable or unwilling to return to their country of origin. The applicant must further establish that the persecution occurred on account of their race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group. As a signatory to the 1967 UN protocol, and through the Refugee Act of 1980, the United States has legal obligations to provide protection to those seeking asylum.1
Social Prescribing: An Antidote to India’s Suicide Crisis
Authors: Merchant Rutvij 
Published: August 2022

June 14, 2020. On this day, Sushant Singh Rajput, a well-known Bollywood actor, died by suicide. Sushant’s celebrity status meant that his tragic death made national news in India.1 Unfortunately, Sushant’s story is not atypical. In 2016, India recorded 36% of the world’s female suicides and 24% of the world’s male suicides.2 These summary statistics are outlined in a study by Rakhi Dandona and her colleagues, published in the Lancet in 2017. The study also reveals a chilling fact. Suicide was the primary cause of death among the 15-39 age group, implying that this malaise disproportionately affects young adults, the promise of any country’s future.2 The coronavirus pandemic has compounded these concerns. A recent systematic search of online news media reports compared suicidal behavior during India’s COVID-19 lockdown to corresponding dates in 2019. The analysis found a 67.7% increase in online news media reports of suicidal behavior during the lockdown, suggesting that there may have been an increase in suicidal behavior.3 Furthermore, in 2020, suicide rates went up in Japan for the first time in 10 years with a particular increase in the rate of female suicides.4 These findings are congruent with the evidence from recent pandemics. During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003, the suicide rate in Hong Kong reached a historical high, with the most significant increase recorded among older adults aged 65 or above.5 A rise in suicide rates was also recorded in the United States during the Great Influenza Epidemic of 1918.6
Implementasi Reward Asyik dalam Meningkatkan Percaya Diri pada Anak Kelompok B di TK Aisyiyah 24 Kayu Putih Pulo Gadung Jakarta Timur
Authors: Wibawati Kurnia Ary , Watini Sri 
Published: August 2022

Masa golden age merupakan masa usia awal anak, dimana pada masa itu otak anak berkembang sangat pesat. Rasa percaya diri pada anak sangatlah penting. Percaya diri sangat dibutuhkan oleh anak-anak ketika mereka bersosialisasi dan tampil di depan umum melakukan suatu kegiatan. Berdasarkan observasi peneliti yang dilakukan pada kelompok B di TK Aisyiyah 24 terlihat masih banyak anak yang belum mempunyai rasa percaya diri tinggi. Membangun percaya diri anak dapat dilakukan dengan memberikan reward. Peningkatan kepercayaan diri anak melalui reward tidak dapat dilakukan secara langsung. Sehingga diperlukan pembiasaan secara bertahap. Menggunakan metode “Reward ASYIK” yang merupakan inovasi pembelajaran model baru yang dikembangkan oleh Sri Watini telah mendapat Hak Cipta Intelektual dengan nomor pencatatan 0002020003 dari Kementrian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Indonesia pada tanggal 6 Juni 2014. Pada “Reward ASYIK” dengan bernyanyi dan bermain tepuk dengan menggunakan kalimat yang memotivasi dipercaya akan membangkitkan percaya diri pada anak. Adapun penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi Tindakan Kelas yang dilaksanakan 2 siklus. Adapun siklus 1nilai ketercapaian 74% dan siklus 2 meningkat menjadi 85%. Dengan implementasi “Reward ASYIK” ini terbukti meningkatkan percaya diri pada anak kelompok B TK Aisyiyah 24.
Chaînes logistiques sous pression : Comment la science des données peut-elle aider ?
Authors: Warin Thierry 
Published: August 2022

Le monde a changé et les entreprises sont confrontées à une tempête parfaite, avec des risques catastrophiques dont la probabilité d'occurrence est minime, mais pour lesquels les conséquences sont énormes. La guerre en Ukraine a un impact sur les chaînes d'approvisionnement mondiales déjà limitées par la pandémie de COVID-19. L’Ukraine est responsable d’environ 70 % du néon sur la planète et la Russie contrôle 44 % des approvisionnements mondiaux en palladium, deux intrants indispensables dans la production des semi-conducteurs. Les semi-conducteurs sont eux-mêmes indispensables à la fabrication de voitures, de téléphones intelligents ou même d’équipements médicaux. Avec Taïwan qui produit près des deux tiers des semi-conducteurs du monde, la velléité de la Chine de procéder à la réunification avec l’île de Taïwan soulève d’importantes inquiétudes. Dans ce contexte géopolitique complexe, certaines entreprises envisagent le rapatriement de certaines activités à l’intérieur des frontières nationales — le reshoring — ou régionales — le nearshoring. Est-ce, oui ou non, la bonne solution ? Dans ce court texte, Thierry Warin, Fellow CIRANO et responsable du Pôle CIRANO en science des données pour les échanges commerciaux et le transport intermodal, soutient que les solutions aux problèmes complexes d'approvisionnement récents doivent elles-mêmes être complexes. Nous devons utiliser les outils auxquels nous avons accès aujourd'hui : les données massives, la puissance de calcul et les nouvelles méthodes d'analyse. Le commerce mondial doit s'adapter à un nouveau paradigme technologique, celui de l'intelligence artificielle et de la science des données. L'alternative qui serait d'utiliser les mêmes schémas mentaux que par le passé et de proposer des solutions binaires n'est plus acceptable aujourd'hui. Il n'y a plus de temps à perdre.
Hubungan Supervisi Dengan Kinerja Guru Di SMP Negeri Kecamatan Lembah Gumanti Kabupaten Solok
Authors: Ridho Trisna , Hardianto Richo , Rifma Rifma 
Published: August 2022

Kinerja guru merupakan salah satu faktor merupakan faktor penting yang menentukan kualitas suatu pendidikan. Dari penelitian ini awal ditemukan bahwa kinerja guru SMP Kecamatan Lembah Gumanti Kabupaten Solok berjalan semestinya. Kondisi ini diduga dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor. Penelitian ini bertujuan membahas Hubungan Supervisi dengan Kinerja Guru. Jenis penelitian ini adalah bersifat korelasional (correlational research). menyatakan bahwa penelitian korelasional yaitu suatu penelitian yang dirancang untuk mengetahui hubungan variabel-variabel yang berbeda dalam suatu populasi yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa erat atau kuat hubungan antara variabel tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini terdapat dua variabel, yaitu supervisi kepala sekolah sebagai variabel bebas dan kinerja guru sebagai variabel terikat. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru SMP Negeri Kecamatan Lembah Gumanti Kabupaten Solok yang berjumlah sebanyak 148 orang . dari hasil analisis data Kinerja Guru dapat di kategori cukup baik (78,22%) dari skor ideal dan hasil analisis data Supervisi Kepala Sekolah pada kategori baik, dengan persentase (80,08%) dari skor ideal.
Numerical modelling of the dissolution of drug nanocrystals and its application to industrial product development
Authors: Bonhoeffer Bastian , Kordikowski Andreas , John Edgar , Juhnke Michael 
Published: August 2022

The apparent solubility of drug nanocrystals in equilibrium was experimentally determined for a drug-stabilizer system with different particle size distributions. True supersaturation was identified for ultrafine drug nanocrystals with an almost 2-fold increase compared to the thermodynamic solubility of related coarse drug crystals, highlighting their enabling potential to enhance bioavailability. The experimental results were applied to investigate in silico the associated dissolution behavior in a closed system by numerical modeling according to the Ostwald-Freundlich and Noyes-Whitney / Nernst-Brunner equations. Calculated results were found to be in agreement with the experimental results only when the entire particle size distribution of drug nanocrystals was considered. In silico dissolution, studies were conducted to simulate the complex interplay between drug nanocrystals, dissolution conditions and resulting temporal progression during dissolution up to the equilibrium state. Calculations were performed for selected in vivo and in vitro scenarios considering different drug nanocrystal particle size distributions, drug amount, dissolution media and volume. The achieved results demonstrated the importance of ultrafine drug nanocrystals for potential bioavailability improvement and the functional applicability of the modeling approach to investigate their dissolution behavior for configurable formulation variables in product development in terms of in vivo and in vitro relevant conditions.
©2022 by the authors. This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
ANALISIS KONTRIBUSI FILANTROPI ISLAM TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN MUSTAHIK DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19 PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID SYARIAH (Study Kasus BAZNAS Kota Kediri)
Authors: Siti Khusnia  , Imam Royani Hamzah  
Published: August 2022

Zakat merupakan instrumen ekonomi sosial yang membantu peran pemerintah dalam mengurangi tingkat kemiskinan dan kesenjangan, tak terkecuali ditengah pandemi Covid-19. Program unggulan yang dilakukan BAZNAS Kota Kediri diantaranya program kediri cerdas, kediri peduli, kediri sehat, kediri peduli dan kediri makmur. Program ini diharapkan mampu menjawab kesulitan-kesulitan yang dialami dimasa pandemi Covid-19 dan bagaimana konsep maqashid syariah hadir untuk menyikapinya. Secara metodologis, penulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, pengambilan data dari sumber tertulis seperti sumber buku, majalah ilmiah atau jurnal ilmiah. Untuk analisis data, peneliti menggunakan reduksi data yang artinya meringkas, menentukan konten-konten utama, lalu memfokuskan pada konten yang penting, dan menemukan topik utamanya. Adapun hasil penulisan ini menyatakan bahwa kontribusi 6 program BAZNAS Kota Kediri terhadap kesejahteraan mustahik ditengah pandemi sudah sesuai dengan Maqashid Syariah, seperti terlaksananya program beasiswa pendidikan, santunan dhuafa’ seumur hidup, biaya transportasi dan berobat, bantuan mukena dan sarung, bantuan usaha produktif dan pinjaman dana modal bergulir.
Validation of a prematurely abolished new Propotamochoerus Pilgrim, 1925 species (Mammalia, Suidae) from SE Mediterranean
Authors: LAZARIDIS Georgios , TSOUKALA Evangelia , KOSTOPOULOS Dimitris S. 
Published: August 2022

Fossil remains of late Miocene Propotamochoerus Pilgrim, 1925 from several sites of SE Europe are part of a long-lasting discussion. The sparsely known material, usually toothrows, does not fit well with any known Propotamochoerus species and therefore local peri-Balkan samples have been referred to different species. Based on a fairly complete cranium and a mandible from the Turolian fauna of Kryopigi (Northern Greece), and combined with other Balkan evidence, we propose that this Eastern Mediterranean taxon represents a new species. Propotamochoerus aegaeus n. sp. is characterized by moderate cranial and dental size, widely separated temporal lines, long zygomatic arches, elongated upper incisors and diastemata in each side of the first upper premolar; relatively small male lower cani­nes, broad upper and lower third premolars and short lower fourth premolar, and a small hexaconid on the talonid of the lower third molar. A thorough morphological and metric analysis contradicts recent views of the taxon as invalid and provides new evidence on the late Miocene diversity and distribution of the genus.
Comparison of Plantar Pressure Distribution and Ultrasonographic and Clinical Features After Application of Different Energy Levels of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy in Patients with Plantar Fasciitis: A Randomized, Prospective, Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Güzel Şükran , Şenlikçi Hüma Bölük , Bal Hakan Süleyman , Haberal Bahtiyar 
Published: August 2022

Background: The effectiveness of different energy levels used in extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) has been investigated in previous studies, but controversy remains regarding which energy levels should be used in the treatment of plantar fasciitis. We compared the efficacy of different energy levels used in ESWT in the treatment of plantar fasciitis using plantar fascia thickness and pressure distribution.
Methods: Between July 2021 and September 2021, a total of 51 patients (71 feet) with plantar fasciitis were randomized into three treatment groups using the sealed envelope method. Group 1 (n = 25) received low energy density (0.09 mJ/mm2), group 2 (n = 25) received medium energy density (0.18 mJ/mm2), and group 3 (n = 21) received high energy density (0.38 mJ/mm2). Each group received three sessions of ESWT at a frequency of 2,000 shocks per minute at 1-week intervals. Patients were evaluated before and after treatment using a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, the Foot Function Index (FFI), plantar fascia thickness measured by ultrasonography, and plantar pressure distribution.
Results: Posttreatment VAS and FFI scores were determined to be significantly lower than the values before treatment in the three groups (P < .001). There were no significant differences among groups in pretreatment and posttreatment values of VAS, FFI, plantar fascia thickness, and pressure distribution (P > .05). No significant differences were found among groups in percentage changes in all of the outcome parameters (P > .05).
Conclusions: There was no superiority among low, medium, or high levels of ESWT in terms of pain, foot functions, fascia thickness, and pressure distribution in the treatment of plantar fasciitis.
Hiied vee veerel. Pärimuse ja maastiku kujundikeelest looduslikes pühapaikades
Authors:   Estonian Folklore Archives, Estonian Literary Museum, Estonia, Remmel Mari-Ann 
Published: August 2022

In addition to religious content layers, the word hiis (holy grove) seems to express also certain features of a natural landscape. The article discusses the issues concerned with the location of hiis areas as well as their meaning. There are signs of links between ‘holy’ and ‘hiis’ that can be traced in the toponymy observed in both lore and maps, although it is not always that place lore or placenames have survived in written form until today. The main emphasis in the article is placed on the water element related to holy groves, waterbodies and springs as well as wetlands. Often the holy grove is situated at a watershed or headspring, next to springs, the mouth of a river or a stream, a (former) larger waterbody or karst area. Water connects many places, and holy places can often be found in the marginal areas or junctions of waterbodies. In the case of water and presumably also holy places, place lore seems to consider as essential the ability to move in different ways and change the shape – this is reflected, for example, in legends about travelling nature objects as indicators of holiness. On occasion, the hiis areas mark natural reservoirs of clean groundwater; this is essential to acknowledge as the issue of water still occupies a crucial role among other environmental problems. So the stereotype of hiis as a holy grove, so-called Taara oak grove, embodies remarkably broader possibilities for interpreting the holiness of places in today’s context, for valuing these places and protecting them both culturally and environmentally.
Kesksed looduslikud pühapaigad Eesti kagunurgas
Authors:   Institute of History and Archaeology, University of Tartu, Estonia, Valk Heiki 
Published: August 2022

Differently from most of Estonia, in the south-easternmost peripheries of the country – in the western border areas of Setomaa, as well as in the eastern and southern borderlands of Võrumaa – it is possible to distinguish sacred sites of regional meaning, i.e. those where popular religious assemblies related to offering took place on holidays. In the Orthodox Seto culture area where medieval way of life survived until the 1920s, such sites are represented by the sacral complex of Miikse (offering stone, healing stream, cemetery hill, formerly also sacred oak and spring), St Anne’s stone (Annekivi) in Pelsi and Päevapööramise mägi (‘The Hill Where the Sun Turns’) in Hinniala village. Two major Orthodox religious centres of Setomaa have been founded on pre-Christian sacred sites. The church of Saatse was preceded by a sacred pine tree. On the site of the famous monastery of Pechory (Petseri) there was probably a large sacral complex of a sacred hill with a grove and cave, as well as a sacred spring and offering stone. The site of religious assemblies called Bohomola mägi (‘The hill of praying to God’) was located somewhere on the forested borderlands of the Lutheran province of Livonia and the Orthodox province of Pskov, being attended by peasants from both regions. In Lutheran areas where the modernization of culture started since the 1850s and 1860s already, folkloric evidence is fragmentary and has preserved more poorly. There sites of popular assemblies related to offering on holidays are known from Viitina Vana-mõisa, Villa, Viitka, Paidra, Kuutsi and Linte, and a sacred site of central importance was located also on God’s hill of Vana-Laitsna (presently Vēclaicene municipality in Latvia). Most of these the sites lie in the extreme peripheries of medieval parishes – the churches of Räpina, Vastseliina and Hargla were founded only in the 17th century The hinterlands of regional holiday assemblies probably correspond to regional identity units based of village groups called “corners” (nulk, kolk). Judging by the location of regional assembly sites of central meaning, their influence radius stretched until 6–10 kilometres. However, the system was not of symmetric character: some sites evidently had larger hinterlands than others and the hinterlands may also have been overlapped. The religious gatherings were often related to the solstices in the natural calendar or church holidays replacing them. Existing data give evidence of the intertwining of pre-Christian and Christian elements, especially in the Orthodox areas. In some cases the assembly tradition at sacred natural site has been transformed into local church holidays on the name days of the sanctuary. The strong and long-term preservation of tradition in some holy places of Setomaa results from their association with Christianity and pilgrimages inherent in popular Orthodoxy.
Maximizing the Productivity and Profitability of Summer Irrigated Greengram (Vigna radiata L.) by Combining Basal Nitrogen Dose and Foliar Nutrition of Nano and Normal Urea
Authors: Saitheja Vaddi , Senthivelu M. , Prabukumar G. , Prasad V. Babu Rajendra 
Published: August 2022

Field experiment was conducted at wetland farm of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, during summer season, 2022 with an objective of maximizing the productivity and profitability of greengram by adopting varied dose of basal nitrogen and foliar application of nano and normal urea at Flower Initiation (FI) stage and 15 days thereafter. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design and replicated thrice with the following treatments viz., N1 - 100% RDN (25kg N ha-1), N2 - 80% RDN (20kg N ha-1), N3 - 60% RDN (15kg N ha-1) and N4 - Control as factor I, and F1 - Nano urea @ 2ml litre-1 of water, F2 - Nano urea @ 3ml litre-1 of water, F3 - Nano urea @ 4ml litre-1 of water and F4 - 1% urea as factor II. The experiment results revealed that, 100% RDN and nano urea foliar spray @ 4ml litre-1 of water significantly registered higher fertility co-efficient (71.2%), pods plant-1 (38.5 Nos.), seeds pod-1 (12.7 Nos.) and maximum grain yield (1291 kg ha-1). Nevertheless, it was on par with the application of 80% RDN and nano urea foliar spray @ 4ml litre-1 of water, which recorded fertility co-efficient of 70.6%, 38.0 pods plant-1, 12.6 seeds pod-1 and grain yield of 1289 kg ha-1. In economics perspective also, application of 100% RDN and foliar supplement of nano urea @ 4ml litre-1 accounted maximum gross return (₹100114 ha-1), net return (₹53549 ha-1) and benefit-cost ratio (2.15), which was comparable with application of 80% RDN and foliar application of nano urea @ 4ml litre-1 of water at FI stage and 15 days thereafter. Based on the experimental results, it is concluded that reduced application of basal nitrogen i.e., 80% RDN with nano urea foliar spray @ 4ml litre-1 of water at FI stage and 15 days thereafter found to be the optimal nitrogen dose and nano urea foliar nutrition for maximizing the productivity and profitability of summer irrigated greengram.