bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Hole Geometry on Performance of a Rotational Hydrodynamic Cavitation Reactor
Authors: Zhang Wei , Xie Chao , Fan Honggang , Liu Bing 
Published: May 2022

Cavitation is a common phenomenon in hydraulic power industry, ship propulsion, pump station and other industrial fields. In the present work, a high-speed camera is used to visualize the flow field in a rotational hydrodynamic cavitation reactor (RHCR) in a closed cycle test rig, and the numerical simulation is carried out based on the RNG k-ε turbulence model and the Zwart-Gerber-Belamri (ZGB) cavitation model. Influence of hole diameter, hole height and hole cone bottom length on performance of RHCR are comprehensively investigated. The results show that the numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental data, which verifies the accuracy and reliability of the numerical method. The hole diameter mainly influences the water vapor exchange boundary, the hole height mainly influences the cavitation area and intensity, and the cone bottom length mainly influences the vortex number and intensity. Under different hole diameters, the dominant frequent of pressure fluctuation in hole is 24 fi corresponding to the hole number along the circumferential direction, and the maximum amplitude appears near the hole top due to the small gap between the hole top and the side wall of the rotor. When the hole diameter increases from 11 to 17 mm, the pressure fluctuation amplitude increases by 1.65 times for each increase of 2 mm.
Effect of Biochar Addition on Phosphorus Adsorption Characteristics of Red Soil
Authors: Wu Yunchao , Zou Ziwei , Huang Chenxu , Jin Jie 
Published: May 2022

Phosphorus (P) sorption by red soil is strong due to its acidic pH and high content of metal oxides. Biochar addition may increase the availability of red soil P by altering P sorption characteristics. This study examined the influences of doping ratios of the biochar, phosphate concentration, solution pH, and biochar-derived dissolved black carbon (DBC) on P sorption in red soil. The specific sorption mechanisms were explored using 3D fluorescence spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and zeta potential analysis. The results show that the bioavailable P content in the biochar-amended red soil increased to 1.92 mg kg−1, which is an increase of 255% compared with the original red soil. With the increase in the doping ratio of biochar, the maximum sorption amount of P initially decreased and then increased. Moreover, the pH value and the content of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of the red soil were effectively elevated by biochar addition. The increase in the DOC content is likely caused by the DBC released from biochar. As the soil pH value increased, the amount of P sorption was reduced due to electrostatic repulsion. P sorption by the red soil decreased with the increasing DBC concentration. The humic acid-like substances in DBC can compete with phosphate for soil sorption sites, leading to a decrease in P absorption. This study demonstrates that the addition of biochar affects P sorption of the red soil mainly by changing its physicochemical properties or by releasing DBC to occupy the sorption sites.
Autoimmune Neutropenia Associated With HHV-6 Virus Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Faierstein Kobi , Shilo Noya , Levartovsky Asaf , Raphael Roy , Givon Amir , Agmon-Levin Nancy , Mayan Haim 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundAutoimmune neutropenia (AIN) is divided into primary and secondary forms. The former is more prevalent in children and is usually a self-limiting disease. Secondary AIN is more common in adults and often occurs in the setting of another autoimmune disorder or secondary to infections, malignancies or medications. Several viral and bacterial pathogens were described to trigger AIN. Here we report a case of AIN in an adult woman associated with human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection.Case PresentationWe report a case of AIN in an adult woman associated with HHV-6 infection. The patient presented to the emergency department with fever and painful genital ulcers. Upon arrival, her laboratory workup demonstrated severe neutropenia and elevated inflammatory markers. She was hospitalized and underwent a thorough infectious, hematological, autoimmune and inflammatory workup. Malignancy was also excluded using an advanced whole body radiological scan. Serological tests confirmed the presence of both acute and chronic types of HHV-6 antibodies, at very high titers. Polymerase chain reaction demonstrated a numerous copies of the virus in the patient’s blood. Specific immunofluorescence test confirmed the diagnosis of autoimmune neutropenia.ConclusionSecondary AIN is a rare disease that may affect all range of ages. The adult type is a challenging disorder that has different etiologies and may be triggered by a variable infectious pathogen. The finding of HHV-6 as a possible culprit pathogen may warrant physicians into widening the evaluation and include HHV-6 in the analysis.
Galactose Enhances Chondrogenic Differentiation of ATDC5 and Cartilage Matrix Formation by Chondrocytes
Authors: Yuan Zhongrun , Liu Sa , Song Wenjing , Liu Ying , Bi Gangyuan , Xie Renjian , Ren Li 
Published: May 2022

Galactose, an important carbohydrate nutrient, is involved in several types of cellular metabolism, participating in physiological activities such as glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis, glycosylation, and intercellular recognition. The regulatory effects of galactose on osteoarthritis have attracted increased attention. In this study, in vitro cell models of ATDC5 and chondrocytes were prepared and cultured with different concentrations of galactose to evaluate its capacity on chondrogenesis and cartilage matrix formation. The cell proliferation assay demonstrated that galactose was nontoxic to both ATDC5 cells and chondrocytes. RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining indicated that the gene expressions of cartilage matrix type II collagen and aggrecan were significantly upregulated with increasing galactose concentration and the expression and accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein. Overall, these results indicated that a galactose concentration below 8 mM exhibited the best effect on promoting chondrogenesis, which entitles galactose as having considerable potential for cartilage repair and regeneration.
Identification of Differential Genes of DNA Methylation Associated With Alzheimer’s Disease Based on Integrated Bioinformatics and Its Diagnostic Significance
Authors: Chen Fan , Wang Na , He Xiaping 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. The pathogenesis is complex and has not been clearly elucidated, and there is no effective treatment. Recent studies have demonstrated that DNA methylation is closely associated with the pathogenesis of AD, which sheds light on investigating potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of early AD and related possible therapeutic approaches.MethodsAlzheimer’s disease patients samples and healthy controls samples were collected from two datasets in the GEO database. Using LIMMA software package in R language to find differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Afterward, DEGs have been subjected to enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG pathways. The PPI networks and Hub genes were created and visualized based on the STRING database and Cytoscape. ROC curves were further constructed to analyze the accuracy of these genes for AD diagnosis.ResultsAnalysis of the GSE109887 and GSE97760 datasets showed 477 significant DEGs. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed terms related to biological processes related to these genes. The top ten Hub genes were found on the basis of the PPI network using the CytoHubba plugin, and the AUC areas of these top ranked genes were all greater than 0.7, showing satisfactory diagnostic accuracy.ConclusionThe study identified the top 10 Hub genes associated with AD-related DNA methylation, of which RPSA, RPS23, and RPLP0 have high diagnostic accuracy and excellent AD biomarker potential.
Cerebral Perfusion Patterns of Anxiety State in Patients With Pulmonary Nodules: A Study of Cerebral Blood Flow Based on Arterial Spin Labeling
Authors: Wang Xiao-Hui , Liu Xiao-Fan , Ao Min , Wang Ting , He Jinglan , Gu Yue-Wen , Fan Jing-Wen , Yang Li , Yu Renqiang , Guo Shuliang 
Published: May 2022

Background and PurposeThe proportion of patients with somatic diseases associated with anxiety is increasing each year, and pulmonary nodules have become a non-negligible cause of anxiety, the mechanism of which is unclear. The study focus on the cerebral blood flow (CBF) of anxiety in patients with pulmonary nodules to explore the cerebral perfusion pattern of anxiety associated with pulmonary nodules, blood perfusion status and mode of pulmonary nodule induced anxiety state.Materials and MethodsPatients with unconfirmed pulmonary nodules were evaluated by Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA). The total score &gt; 14 was defined as anxiety group, and the total score ≤ 14 points was defined as non-anxiety group. A total of 38 patients were enrolled, of which 19 patients were the anxiety group and 19 were the non-anxiety group. All subjects underwent arterial spin labeling imaging using a 3.0 T MRI. A two-sample t-test was performed to compare the CBF between the two groups. The CBF was extracted in brain regions with difference, and Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlation between CBF and HAMA scores; ROC was used to analyze the performance of CBF to distinguish between the anxiety group and the non-anxiety group.ResultsThe CBF in the right insula/Heschl’s cortex of the anxiety group decreased (cluster = 109, peak t = 4.124, and P &lt; 0.001), and the CBF in the right postcentral gyrus increased (cluster = 53, peak t = −3.912, and P &lt; 0.001) in the anxiety group. But there was no correlation between CBF and HAMA score. The ROC analysis of the CBF of the right insula/Heschl’s cortex showed that the AUC was 0.856 (95%CI, 0.729, 0.983; P &lt; 0.001), the optimal cutoff value of the CBF was 50.899, with the sensitivity of 0.895, and specificity of 0.789. The ROC analysis of CBF in the right postcentral gyrus showed that the AUC was 0.845 (95%CI, 0.718, 0.972; P &lt; 0.001), the optimal cutoff value of CBF was 43.595, with the sensitivity of 0.737, and specificity of 0.842.ConclusionThe CBF of the right insula/Heschl’s cortex decreased and the CBF of the right postcentral gyrus increased in patients with pulmonary nodules under anxiety state, and the CBF of the aforementioned brain regions can accurately distinguish the anxiety group from the non-anxiety group.
30-Year Experience With 22 Cases of Malignant Transformation Arising From Ovarian Mature Cystic Teratoma: A Rare Disease
Authors: Li Yan , Qin Meng , Shan Ying , Wu Huan-wen , Liu Xiao-ding , Yin Jie , Gu Yu , Wang Wei , Wang Yong-xue , Chen Jia-yu , Ma Li , Jin Ying , Pan Ling-ya 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of patients with malignant transformation arising from ovarian mature cystic teratoma (MT-MCT).MethodsThis retrospective study included patients with ovarian MCTs at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) during 1990.01-2020.12. When the pathologic histology was MT-MCT, detailed information was collected.ResultsOverall, 7229 ovarian MCT patients and 22 patients with MT-MCT were enrolled. The rate of malignant transformation of all ovarian MCTs was 0.30%. Most patients with MT-MCT were 51 (21–75) years old, and the tumor mass size was 10 (3–30) cm. The typical clinical symptoms were mainly abdominal pain and distension. The levels of tumor markers were elevated on preoperative examination. Early diagnosis could be made by ultrasonic examination, pelvic enhanced MRI and CT. Most patients underwent debulking surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. The most common histological type to exhibit malignant transformation was squamous cell carcinoma (59.1%), followed by adenocarcinoma (13.6%), carcinoid (9.1%), and borderline tumor (18.2%). The 5-year RFS and OS rates were 54.5% and 81.8%, respectively. Patients with FIGO stage I had the best RFS (P=0.047) and OS (P=0.018), followed by those with FIGO stage II-IV.ConclusionMT-MCTs mainly occur in elderly females, are rare and have a poor prognosis. Advanced FIGO stage is a risk factor for survival. Although there is no standard treatment, cytoreductive debulking surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy could be considered. Perimenopausal and menopausal women with MCT should receive surgical treatment.
High Spatio-Temporal Resolution Condenser-Free Quantitative Phase Contrast Microscopy
Authors: Ma Ying , Ma Lin , Zheng Juanjuan , Liu Min , Zalevsky Zeev , Gao Peng 
Published: May 2022

Quantitative phase-contrast microscopy (QPCM) provides an effective approach for label-free detection of transparent samples. In this study, we propose a condenser-free quantitative phase-contrast microscopy (CF-QPCM), in which several light-emitting diodes (LEDs) distributed on a ring are used for direct ultra-oblique illumination. Such condenser-free design greatly simplifies the system’s structure and releases the space for installing samples. Quantitative phase maps are reconstructed by retarding the unscattered components of the object waves for a series of phases 0, π/2, π, and 3π/2 through a high-speed spatial light modulator (SLM). With this system, quantitative phase imaging of live cells has been achieved at a spatial resolution of 231 nm (lateral) and a frame rate of 250 Hz. We believe that the proposed CF-QPCM can contribute to biomedical, industrial, chemistry fields, etc.
A Clinical Decision Support System for Remote Monitoring of Cardiovascular Disease Patients: A Clinical Study Protocol
Authors: Ventura Filipa , Sousa Pedro , Dixe Maria Anjos , Ferreira Paulo , Martinho Ricardo , Dias Sara Simões , Morais João , Gonçalves Lino M. 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionCardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death globally, taking an estimated 17. 9 million lives each year. Cardiac rehabilitation is shown to reduce mortality and hospital readmissions, while improving physical fitness and quality of life. Despite the recommendations and proven benefits, acceptance and adherence remain low. Mobile health (mHealth) solutions may contribute to more personalized and tailored patient recommendations according to their specific needs. This study protocol aims to assess the effectiveness of a user-friendly, comprehensive Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) for remote patient monitoring of CVD patients, primarily on the reduction of recurrent cardiovascular events.Methods and AnalysisThe study will follow a multicenter randomized controlled design involving two cardiology units in the Center Region of Portugal. Prospective CVD patients will be approached by the healthcare staff at each unit and checked for eligibility according to the predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. The CDSS will suggest a monitoring plan for the patient, will advise the mHealth tools (apps and wearables) adapted to patient needs, and will collect data. The clinical study will start in January 2023.DiscussionThe success of the mHeart.4U intervention will be a step toward the use of technological interfaces as an integrating part of CR programs.Ethics and DisseminationThe study will undergo ethical revision by the Ethics Board of the two hospital units where the study will unfold. The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov on 18th January 2022 with the number NCT05196802. The study findings will be published in international peer-reviewed scientific journals and encounters and in a user-friendly manner to the society.
Magnitude and Determinant Factors of Postpartum Depression Among Mothers Attending Their Postnatal and Vaccination Services at Public Health Institutions of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Wake Getu Engida , Fitie Girma Wogie , Ashenafi Betelhem , Tadese Mesfin , Tessema Saba Desta 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe postpartum period is known as a high-risk period for the onset of different maternal mental health problems. Globally, 10–20% of postnatal mothers suffer from depressive symptoms. This study aimed to assess the magnitude and determinant factors of postpartum depression among mothers attending their postnatal and vaccination services at public health institutions in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodologyHealth institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 461 postnatal mothers attending public health institutions in Addis Ababa from 15 May 2021 to 15 July 2021. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select the public health institutions and a systematic random sampling method was used to get selected, postnatal mothers. Epidata version 3.1 and SPSS version 25 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. P-value ≤ 0.05 was used as a cut point of statistical significance in multivariable binary logistic regression.ResultsFrom total postnatal mothers 91(19.7%) of them had postpartum depression. Occupational status [AOR = 3.39, 95% CI: 1.04, 8.15], marital status [AOR = 2.69, 95% CI =1.33, 5.45], income management [AOR = 3.76, 95% CI: 1.53, 8.21], sex of baby [AOR = 5.07, 95% CI: 1.24, 20.69], history of child death [AOR = 6.93, 95% CI: 2.67, 15.79], unplanned pregnancy [AOR = 3.08, 95% CI: 1.65, 7.93], negative life event [AOR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.03, 5.39], substance use during pregnancy [AOR = 6.23, 95% CI: 2.72, 20.05], history of depression [AOR = 5.08, 95% CI: 1.79, 14.39], and marriage satisfaction [AOR = 6.37, 95% CI: 2.63, 14.29] were determinant factors of postpartum depression.ConclusionThe prevalence of postpartum depression in this study is high compared to national findings. Occupational status, marital status, income management, sex of baby, history of child death, unplanned pregnancy, negative life event, substance use during pregnancy, history of depression, and marital satisfaction were determinant factors of postpartum depression. The ministry of health should integrate mental health services with existing maternal health care services. It would be better if all healthcare professionals working in the maternal and child health unit will routinely screen postpartum depressive symptoms and link them to mental health services.
Study on the Economic Burden of Neurodevelopmental Diseases on Patients With Genetic Diagnosis
Authors: Xie Donghua , Duan Ruoyu , Li Chen , Xie Zhiqun , Wang Aihua , Xiong Lili , Wei Jianhui , Xi Hui , Fang Junqu , Yan Huifang , Wang Junyu , Zhang Yu , Mao Xiao , Wang Jingmin , Wang Hua 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo study the burden of neurodevelopmental diseases (NDDs) via cost-of-illness analysis of Chinese patients with genetic diagnosis.MethodsWe recruited NDD patients (0–18 years old) with genetic diagnosis (GD) from September 1, 2020 to January 30, 2021. We gathered basic information on the details of diagnosis, as well as the direct medical cost, direct non-healthcare cost and indirect cost before and after receiving GD. We corrected the cost for time biases by calculating the cost per day for each patient.ResultsFor the 502 patients with NDDs, the mean age was 4.08 ± 3.47. The household income was 0.6 (0.4, 1.0) 10,000 CNY per-month on average. The direct medical cost, direct non-healthcare cost and indirect cost were 12.27 (7.36, 22.23) 10,000 CNY, 1.45 (0.73, 2.69)10,000 CNY and 14.14(4.80, 28.25) 10,000 CNY per patient, respectively. Every patient received 1.20 (0.34, 3.60) 10,000 CNY on average (15.91%) from insurance. The daily total cost after receiving GD were ~62.48% lower than those before GD (191.59 CNY vs. 71.45 CNY). The descend range of lab cost (95.77%, P &lt; 0.05) was the largest, followed by drugs (91.39%, P &lt; 0.05), hospitalization (90.85%, P &lt; 0.05), and consultation (57.41%, P &lt; 0.05). The cost of rehabilitation kept slightly increasing but there were no significant differences (P &gt; 0.05). The daily direct medical cost of each patient fell by 75.26% (P &lt; 0.05) from 311.79 CNY to 77.14 CNY when the diagnostic age was younger than 1, and declined by 49.30% (P &lt; 0.05) and 8.97% (P &gt; 0.05) when the diagnostic age was 1–3 and older than 3, respectively.ConclusionsEarly genetic diagnosis is crucial for to reducing the burden of disease because of the amount of money spent was lower when they are diagnosed at younger age. Patients with NDDs can incur a heavy economic burden, especially in rehabilitation cost and indirect cost, because the insurance coverage for patients is low, so it is urgent for governments to pay more attention to these issues.
Combination of Preoperative Multimodal Image Fusion and Intraoperative Dyna CT in Percutaneous Balloon Compression of Trigeminal Ganglion for Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia: Experience in 24 Patients
Authors: Liao Chang-chun , Li Jia-yan , Wu Kai-hua , Jian Zhi-heng , YI Xin-feng , Weng Zhi-jian , Chen Gang 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveWe retrospectively assessed the surgical results of PBC with preoperative multimodal image fusion and intraoperative Dyna Computed Tomography (CT) in 24 patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia (PTN) to explore a valuable aid for Percutaneous balloon compression (PBC).MethodsWe studied the data of 24 patients with PTN. All patients underwent PBC and were assessed with preoperative multimodal image fusion [computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)] and intraoperative Dyna CT in the Department of Neurosurgery of Zhuhai People’s Hospital between October 2020 and September 2021. Multimodal image fusion—three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of CT and MRI data—was performed using 3D-Slicer software, and preoperative evaluation was performed according to the results of image fusion. Dyna CT was used to dynamically observe the position and shape of the metallic hollow introducer and Fogarty catheter and balloon during the operation to guide the operation in real time. We performed follow-up assessments each month and summarized the clinical characteristics, surgical effects, and complications in all patients.ResultsSurgery was successful for all patients; the patients reported immediate pain relief. Surgical complications included facial numbness in 24 patients (100%), mild masseter weakness in three (12.5%), herpes zoster in three (12.5%), and balloon rupture in one (4.2%). None of the patients had serious surgical complications. The mean follow-up time was 9.6 ± 2.7 months. During the follow-up period, 22 patients (91.7%) experienced no recurrence of pain, and two patients (8.3%) experienced recurrence of pain, of which one underwent secondary PBC surgery.ConclusionsPreoperative multimodal image reconstruction can help fully evaluate PBC surgery, clarify the etiology, and predict the volume of contrast medium required during the operation. It provided important assistance for PBC treatment of trigeminal neuralgia patients when preoperative multimodal image fusion is combined with intraoperative Dyna CT.