bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automatic Fault Segmentation Using Wavelet Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Zhou Xu , Yin Qishuai , Wang Bin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study presents a novel neural network model to explore its application in automatically interpreting subsurface faults from seismic images. A Wavelet Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model that incorporates discrete wavelet decomposition is presented, and its capability in segmenting subsurface faults is analyzed.
In this study, different neural network models are developed to compare their performance in segmenting subsurface faults. Sliced 2D seismic images are used as the input of the models. Pre-interpreted images with fault locations are used as the output of the models. Different CNN models are created using different pooling methods, including a traditional U-Net model with average pooling method, and an advanced Wavelet CNN model using wavelet pooling method. The results show that the Wavelet CNN model, which incorporates discrete wavelet transformation as the pooling layer, has the best performance comparing to traditional models in segmenting subsurface faults from input seismic images. It is more effective in saving edge features during pooling operations and outperforms the traditional U-Net model in segmenting subsurface faults from seismic images.
Technology Qualification: FMECA for Mitigating Potential Failure in Subsea Storage System
Authors: Zainal Abidin Mohd Azizul Hakim , Suleiman Abdul Hamid 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Subsea storage is one of main technology in "Subsea Factory" concept that could significantly lower down the field life cycle cost especially in subsea development. An established qualification approach should enable Project Management Team (PMT) to evaluate the technology maturity, aims to reduce significant availability impact during deployment and operational phase. This paper describes the qualification approach adopted to qualify the subsea storage technology to achieve technology readiness level (TRL) 4 as per API 17Q framework, prior to pilot testing at offshore installation. One of important step is to evaluates whether the subsystem and critical components of subsea storage has an impact on Design, Operations and Maintenance. In this context, the evaluation considers the credible failure mode, mechanism, cause, and effect in relation to Risk Priority Number (RPN).
Failure Mode, Effect and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) has been applied to evaluate the subsystem and critical component. The higher RPN indicates that the susceptible subsystem and critical components require special attention for improvement. The results pointed out that material for both top and bottom centre pipe flanges should have an ability to operate in cyclical loading and suitable for inspection, maintenance, and replacement program.
These results suggest that recommended method of FMECA can be adopted during TRL assessment. Focus also should be on unlisted components which are not part of this assessment including design adequacy and stringent quality assurance and control management system, operations integrity, and maintenance comprehensiveness.
Application of Conformance Control in Stand-Alone Screen SAS Completed Horizontal Wells-A Case Study of Bohai Bay
Authors: Zheng Xu , Lei Yuan , Pei Bailin , Zhao Wei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives/Scope
There is high demand for water shutoff in quite a few SAS completed horizontal wells in the Bohai Bay, China. The popular swellable packer in combination with the ICD screen method cannot be adopted because segmentation cannot be achieved in the annulus between the SAS and the borehole wall by the swellable packers for the SAS is unable to be tripped out. A conformance control method is introduced and a case study is provided.

Methods, Procedures, Process
When the SAS string is not tripped out, first the path for the particles to flow through is established by perforation. Then, a string of ICD screen with smaller diameter is run in place, followed by the pumping of the continuous pack-off particles into the annulus (the inner annulus) between the ICD screen and the SAS. Meanwhile, the particles being carried by the fluids also pack the annulus (the outer annulus) between the SAS and the borehole wall through the penetrations on the SAS. Thus, the function of axial channeling prevention is realized by the rings of particles.

Results, Observations, Conclusions
The well in the case study is an old well that suffered from high water cut, sand production and mud clogging simultaneously. For this operation, the filling rate of the particles was 104.2%, indicating the particles were tightly packed in the inner and outer annuluses and segmentation in the production interval was realized. After commissioning, the water rate dropped from the original 638m3/d to 85m3/d. The oil rate resumed to the level before the well was shut in and later slowly increased to 40.3m3/d. Water shutoff and oil enhancement was realized and neither sand production nor mud clogging occurred. Three functions are realized via the adoption of this method. Firstly, water shutoff and oil enhancement are realized via conformance control; secondly, both rings of particles together with the filtering layers in jacket provide better sand control; thirdly, the rings formed by the tightly packed particles are capable of preventing mud clogging.

Novel/Additive Information
In this paper, perforation is innovatively proposed to establish the path for the particles to flow through so that both annuluses are tightly filled by particles, together with the ICD screens, conformance control is realized along the entire production interval and the target of water shutoff and oil enhancement is achieved. Accordingly, high CAPEX for sidetracking is avoided and the single well ROI is improved.
Athletic Training Preceptors' Perceptions of the Characteristics for Contemporary Expertise
Authors: Philpot Nicholas J. , Cavallario Julie M. , Walker Stacy E. , Welch Bacon Cailee E. 
Published: March 2022

Context
As a part of the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE) 2020 Standards for Accreditation of Professional Athletic Training Programs, all preceptors affiliated with accredited programs must identify an area of contemporary expertise in a routine area of athletic training practice. However, little is known regarding preceptors' perceptions of contemporary expertise.

Objective
To explore preceptors' perceptions of the characteristics of contemporary expertise.

Design
Cross-sectional.

Setting
Online survey with open-ended questions.

Patients or Other Participants
A total of 277 preceptors affiliated with 80 CAATE-accredited professional programs accessed the survey; 259 respondents completed at least 1 open-ended question, and 201 completed the survey in its entirety (77.6% completion rate).

Main Outcome Measure(s)
We used a 16-item survey including demographic (10 items), Likert-scale (1 item), and open-ended (5 items) questions. Descriptive statistics were conducted to characterize respondent demographics and familiarity with contemporary expertise. Guided by consensual qualitative research, a 3-person data analysis team coded responses from the open-ended questions following a structured, 4-phase progression. An external auditor confirmed accuracy and representation of the findings.

Results
Approximately 36% of preceptors reported they were not at all familiar with contemporary expertise. Preceptors identified several defining characteristics (eg, knowledge or skills possessed, clinical practice experience, intentional continuing education, evidence-based practice [EBP]) and parameters (eg, CAATE curricular content standards, Board of Certification domains of practice, areas of specific interest) of contemporary expertise. Additionally, 85% of preceptors discussed how identifying areas of contemporary expertise would improve their practice, while the remaining 15% discussed how it would not.

Conclusions
Preceptors affiliated with CAATE-accredited professional programs appear to be largely in favor of developing an area of contemporary expertise and believe it will improve their own clinical practice. More education is needed to acquaint preceptors who are not yet familiar with the notion of contemporary expertise.
Molecular characterization of varicella zoster virus isolated from clinical samples in India
Authors: Nyayanit Dimpal Amol , Chaubal Gouri , Sahay Rima , Jain Shilpi , Shete Anita , Majumdar Triparna , Shrivastava Anish , Yadav Pragya D. 
Published: March 2022

Background & objectives:
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) strains are classified into six different clades based on the sequencing of its genome. Clades 4 and 5 are reported from India based on the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Till now, multiple clade circulations using partial sequences have been reported from India due to the lack of availability of the full VZV genome sequence. This study conducted a genome sequencing of VZV in India to identify circulating clade.

Methods:
Four clinical samples obtained from symptomatic patients tested positive for VZV by real-time PCR were used. These four samples were preferred to retrieve the genomic VZV sequence using the next-generation sequencing method. A reference-based assembly method was used to retrieve the genome of VZV, which was further analyzed.

Results:
At the least, 98 per cent of the whole-genome sequences were recovered from the four samples. The VZV sequences obtained in this study formed a separate monophyletic branch with clade 5, indicating it to be evolved from a distinct ancestor. The nucleotide-based analysis revealed 13 different SNP mutations and one multiple nucleotide variation in the VZV sequences when compared to one of the clade 5 genomes having accession number: DQ457052.1.

Interpretation & conclusions:
The present study described approximately 98 per cent of the genome sequence of VZV from India. The availability of these genomic sequences will lead to enrichment in the clinical genomic data set from India. The available data would help in the development of diagnostic methods along with evolutionary analysis. We hypothesize the existence of a new sub-clade that belongs to clade 5 and propose further experiments to confirm these results.
Management of Aluminium Phosphide Poisoning with a Holistic Approach at NHL Municipal Medical College and Hospital, Ahmedabad
Authors: More Dheeraj B. , Wankhede Mahendra N. , Malve Harshad 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Aluminium phosphide is a usual ingredient of rodenticide and its poisoning is a common cause of suicide in India. Signs and symptoms of its toxicity are well-known. Its toxic effects are mainly due to liberation of phosphine gas which causes cell hypoxia due to inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation and results in circulatory failure.

Aims and Objectives:
Mortality with aluminium phosphide is high as there is no specific antidote available yet. And hence we need to explore holistic treatment approach to improve patient outcomes in aluminium phosphide poisoning.

Materials and Methods:
Present study discusses a holistic treatment approach to aluminium phosphide poisoning in this retrospective analysis of 100 cases from a tertiary care hospital in this study.

Results:
Around 65% patients survived due to the holistic treatment approach and correct treatment protocol with supportive therapy.

Conclusions:
The aggressive and appropriate management with continuous hemodynamic monitoring and holistic treatment approach can reduce the mortality significantly in aluminium phosphide poisoning.
Clinical, laboratory and imaging characteristics, and outcomes of hospitalized children with suspected COVID-19 infection
Authors: Rahimi Hamid , Pourmoghaddas Zahra , Aalinezhad Marzieh , Alikhani Fariba , Saleh Rana , Amini Sheida , Tavakoli Saman , Saeidi Shima , Sharifi Narges , Hovsepian Silva 
Published: March 2022

Background:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, laboratory and imaging characteristics, and outcomes of hospitalized children with suspected COVID-19 infection in Isfahan.

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, all children aged < 15 years, who hospitalized as suspected case of COVID-19 were enrolled. During this study, all demographic, clinical, laboratory, and imaging characteristics as well as follow-up data and outcomes of the hospitalized children were recorded by pediatric residents using a questionnaire. The findings of studied populations in the two groups of definite/or suspected and negative COVID-19 patients were compared.

Results:
During 6 months’ period, 137 children with suspected COVID-19 infection were evaluated. Mean age of studied population was 4.3 (0.38) years. The most common symptoms in order were fever, cough, dyspnea and diarrhea. The most common computed tomography scan findings were bilateral ground glass and subpleural involvements. The rate of mortality was 7.3%. COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction test was positive in 22% of the patients. Based on the specialist's diagnosis, 30/25 patients were definite/or suspected to COVID-19 and reminder (79) were negative. O2 saturation <90%, was significantly higher in children with definite/or suspected diagnosis for COVID-19 (46.7% vs. 22.4%, P < 0.05). Dyspnea and shivering were significantly higher in children with definite/or suspected diagnosis for COVID-19 than those negative for COVID-19(P < 0.05). Mean duration of hospitalization was significantly associated with level of lactate dehydrogenase (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings of our studied population were similar to other studies, but outcome was not similar which may be due to our studied population (inpatients cases). It is suggested that a better understanding of the infection in children may give important insights into disease pathogenesis, health-care practices, and public health policies.
‘We are aware but not prepared’: Broadcast journalists’ perception of challenges and benefits of digitization of broadcasting in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Akinola-Badmus Oyindamola Omotolani , Ojebuyi Babatunde Raphael 
Published: March 2022

Nigeria is among the African nations expected to migrate to digital transmission by 2020 as proposed by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). Existing media and communication studies have focused on the benefits and challenges of the digital migration process. However, scanty scholarly attention has been paid to the levels of awareness of, and preparedness for, digitization of broadcasting among broadcasters in Nigeria especially in Ibadan, Oyo State, being the host to the first television station in Africa. Driven by the Technological Determinism and Diffusion of Innovation theories as the framework, the study employed survey and in-depth interviews as the research methods to examine broadcast journalists’ levels of awareness, readiness for, and perception of, the challenges and benefits of digital switchover. A total of 300 copies of the questionnaire were administered to broadcasters (208 were returned in usable form and constitute the basis of analysis and discussion in the study) who were purposively and conveniently selected from ten broadcast stations in Ibadan. An Administrator from the National Broadcasting Commission Abuja and one Administrator each from the Broadcasting Corporation of Oyo State and Diamond FM, Ibadan were purposively selected as interview participants. Findings show that most broadcasters (57.7%) were aware of the digital switchover. However, 49.0% of the broadcasters confirmed that they were not adequately prepared for digital transition. Moreover, the broadcast journalists confirmed that, apart from skills, costs of content creation and procurement of digital technologies required by digital broadcast were the major impediments to digital switchover while they identified job creation, more revenue generation, richer contents, stronger bandwidths, and enhanced patronage as the benefits of digital broadcast. Relevant government agencies in charge of digital switchover in Nigeria should, through training and equipment procurement, motivate and empower broadcasters and broadcast stations to prepare them for a successful digital switchover.
Stylistic analysis of Nigerian prose: A reading of selected novels of Chukwuemeka Ike
Authors: Patrick Charles Alex 
Published: March 2022

This paper examined the language, style and other narrative devices in Chukwuemeka Ike’s novels. The diagnostic objective of the paper is based on the interpretative analysis of Ike’s linguistic medium to determine how they aide in giving expressions to his vision as a writer. It reveals that colloquial and evocative language layered with oral resources provides the fertile medium through which Ike portrays the absurdities and decadence inherent in his society. His craftsmanship and talent glistens from effective and efficient deployment of literary style like the third person narrative point of view, dream motif, flashback, songs, metaphor, proverbs, adjectival density in which Ike piles up superlative and superficial adjectives while describing his characters which often make his language genial and turgid, etc. The paper explored some aspects of language in Henri Bergson’s theory of humour which sheds some light on Ike’s use of language. It concludes that contrary to the popularly held view that Ike belongs to the popular tradition in African literature; Ike is a consummate writer whose utmost concern is the propagation of a healthy society.
Exploring the effectiveness of theatre for peace building in glocal conflicts
Authors: Ahupa Millicent 
Published: March 2022

Conflict is an inevitable phenomenon in any human society because humans are driven by varied ideologies, interests and positions, which might clash time and again. Since the return to democratic rule in 1999, Nigeria has witnessed many conflicts and violence fostered by issues of identity, citizenship and participation in national dispensations. The worst case scenario in this expression is the Boko Haram insurgency since 2009. Conflict in Nigeria has thrived mainly because the approaches adopted to address conflict have been inadequate and unsuitable. This article adopts the Participatory Theory to discuss the effectiveness of applying more subtle approaches such as the Theatre-for-Development (TfD) framework for peace building in Nigeria today. It focuses on the conflict between herders and farmers in Barkin Ladi and Riyom Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Plateau State and the experimentation of the TfD framework to facilitate dialogue and reconciliation between herders and farmers and presentsqualitative data to this effect. The paper concludes that conflict and conflict related issues can be addressed without the use of force.Therefore, TfD is the alternative strategy for entrenching peace and building inclusive societies. The study recommends that the Theatre-for-Development framework is pertinent for peace building as it is an investment in humans, both physically and psychologically towards reconciliation and durable peace. It also recommends that there is the need for capacity building within government agencies to improve their fundamental understanding of conflict related issues and enhance their ability to contribute to just and lasting solutions.
Constraints of set design in three selected educational theatres in Nigeria
Authors: Abodunrin Olusegun K. , Atarase Olufemi E. 
Published: March 2022

Set design in educational theatre houses in Nigeria is an important area of theatre studies that assists the designer to interpret the play’s message during performances to make the audience understand both the message of the play and the directorial vision. However, it has suffered serious neglect. The neglect affects the experts and non-experts in different areas of the theatre profession. This study takes a look at set design in Nigerian universities with emphasis on University of Ibadan, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria and University of Abuja. A descriptive method that entails observant participatory approach was adopted. Observations and conclusions reached were through visits to the mentioned institutions above as well as the functionality of the set construction of plays watched. This provided the opportunity to assess the functionality of the equipment used and the quality and value of the sets constructed. The following findings were reached: equipment was obsolete, the staff and the students relied on improvisation and recycling during performances in most cases. Many departments of theatre arts lacked adequate set design equipment which reduced the quality and value of their productions. The funding required to procure or acquire design equipment was a paltry sum and this also led to lack of regular training of designers. The recommendations of this study, therefore, are that play directors and set designers should have a sense of history of their theatre structure. They should also bridge the gap between the expected and actual set design and their roles towards success in play production. Furthermore, set designers within the academy should be sent for training regularly to enable them update knowledge in the constantly evolving area of automated theatre design and technology.
Nollywood as an elixir for drug misuse among students of Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria
Authors: Akowe Achor F. 
Published: March 2022

The Nigerian entertainment industry tagged Nollywood, which began on a staggering note, has evolved to only trail behind Hollywood and Bollywood that started many years before its advent. This medium has equally mainstreamed itself into competing favourably with other media struggling for human attention. Therefore, even in an era when the youths have found fun with internet services, this medium is equally compliant with social media. It is on this locus standi that this article investigates The Lost Soul in an attempt to scale down the misuse of drugs by students of tertiary institutions, which truncates their educational pursuits, rendering them redundant and their families and by extension Nigeria sorrier for it. Armed with this report, this discourse adopts an analysis and deduction approach by way of qualitative research of the movie under study with the view to stampeding the spread of this anathema on our campuses. Consequently, this article recommends the mass production of movies with this thematic relevance, among others, by the various Theatre Arts Departments in Nigerian universities where students themselves account for the largest part of the cast and crew members. This will definitely command more youth viewership and hence, scale down to some reasonable extent the vices threatening to militate against their educational development since they will become or are the fulcra of any labour force and the leaders of tomorrow.