bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of social interactions on momentary stress and mood during COVID‐19 lockdowns
Authors: Forbes Paul A. G. , Pronizius Ekaterina , Feneberg Anja C. , Nater Urs M. , Piperno Giulio , Silani Giorgia , Stijovic Ana , Lamm Claus 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveSocial interactions are vital for our well‐being, particularly during times of stress. However, previous studies linking social interactions to psychological outcomes during the COVID‐19 pandemic have largely been retrospective and/or cross‐sectional. Thus, we tested four preregistered hypotheses (H1–H4) concerning the real‐time effect of social interactions on momentary changes in stress and mood during two COVID‐19 lockdowns.DesignWe used an ecological momentary assessment approach in 732 participants in spring 2020 (burst 1) and in a subsample of these participants (n = 281) during a further lockdown in autumn/winter 2020 (burst 2).MethodsParticipants reported their stress and mood in a smartphone app five times per day for 7 days and indicated the nature and frequency of their recent social interactions.ResultsSocial interactions (H1) and their frequency (H2) improved momentary affect (e.g., social interactions increased mood valence: estimate = 2.605, p < .001 for burst 1). This was particularly the case for face‐to‐face interactions which, compared with other types of interactions, reduced momentary stress (e.g., estimate = −2.285, p < .001 for burst 1) and boosted mood (e.g., estimate = 1.759, p < .001 for burst 1) across both lockdowns, even when controlling for the pleasantness of the interaction and the closeness of the interaction partner (H3). We also show that individual differences in people's responsiveness to different social rewards modulated the impact of social interactions on momentary mood (H4).ConclusionsThis study extends findings from cross‐sectional and retrospective studies by highlighting the real‐time affective benefits of social interactions during COVID‐19 lockdown. The results have important implications for the (self‐) management of stress and mood during psychologically demanding periods.
S2k Leitlinie: Diagnostik und Therapie des chronischen Pruritus
Authors: Ständer Sonja , Zeidler Claudia , Augustin Matthias , Darsow Ulf , Kremer Andreas E. , Legat Franz J. , Koschmieder Steffen , Kupfer Jörg , Mettang Thomas , Metz Martin , Nast Alexander , Raap Ulrike , Schneider Gudrun , Ständer Hartmut , Streit Markus , Schut Christina , Weisshaar Elke 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungPruritus ist ein fachübergreifendes Leitsymptom zahlreicher Erkrankungen und stellt eine interdisziplinäre diagnostische und therapeutische Herausforderung dar. Im Gegensatz zu akutem Pruritus ist chronischer Pruritus (CP) ein zumeist schwer behandelbares Symptom verschiedener Erkrankungen. Durch Kratzen und Ausbildung Kratz‐assoziierter Hautveränderungen kann der ursprüngliche Hautstatus verändert werden. Bei Vorliegen eines Juck‐Kratz‐Zirkels können sich sogar sekundäre Krankheitsbilder wie die chronische Prurigo entwickeln. Chronischer Pruritus führt zu erheblichem subjektivem Leiden der Betroffenen, was sich in Einschränkungen der gesundheits‐bezogenen Lebensqualität wie Schlafstörungen, Angst, Depressivität, Erleben von Stigmatisierung und/oder sozialem Rückzug bis hin zu klinisch relevanten psychischen Komorbiditäten führen kann. Die Versorgung der Patienten soll somit die (a) interdisziplinäre Diagnostik und Therapie der auslösenden Grunderkrankung, (b) Therapie der sekundären Folgesymptome des Pruritus (dermatologische Therapie, Schlafförderung, bei einer begleitenden oder zugrundeliegenden psychischen oder psychosomatischen Erkrankung eine entsprechende psychologisch‐psychotherapeutische Behandlung) und (c) symptomatische antipruritische Therapie umfassen. Das Ziel dieser interdisziplinär erstellten Leitlinie ist es, das therapeutische Vorgehen, aber auch die interdisziplinäre Diagnostik bei CP zu definieren und zu standardisieren. Dies ist die Kurzversion der aktualisierten S2k‐Leitlinie zu chronischem Pruritus. Die Langversion findet sich unter www.awmf.org.
Fixes Arzneimittelexanthem – häufige und neue Auslöser seit dem Jahr 2000
Authors: McClatchy Jessica , Yap Tami , Nirenberg Alexander , Scardamaglia Laura 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungFixe Arzneimittelexantheme (FAE) sind häufige unerwünschte Arzneimittelreaktionen der Haut, die nach Verabreichung auslösender Medikamente auftreten. Ziel dieser Übersicht ist es, eine aktualisierte Auflistung der Medikamente vorzulegen, die ein FAE verursachen. Dabei liegt der Schwerpunkt auf neu in Erscheinung getretene Auslöser, die seit Beginn des Jahrhunderts dokumentiert wurden. Die veröffentlichten Auslöser von FAE sind sehr vielfältig. Zu den am häufigsten mit FAE in Verbindung gebrachten Medikamenten gehören Analgetika (nichtsteroidale Antirheumatika [NSAR] und Paracetamol) und Antibiotika. Der am besten beschriebene Einzelwirkstoff ist wohl Cotrimoxazol. Seit Beginn des Jahrhunderts wurden mehr als 200 Medikamente in Fallberichten zum FAE genannt. Bedeutende neuartige Wirkstoffe sind unter anderem Cyclooxygenase‐2‐spezifische Inhibitoren, Fluconazol und Phosphodiesterase‐5‐Hemmer. Weitere mit FAE in Verbindung gebrachte Medikamente sind Impfstoffe, zum Beispiel verschiedene Impfstoffe gegen SARS‐CoV‐2.Medikamente, die für ein FAE verantwortlich gemacht werden, unterscheiden sich nach geografischer Region und der Verschreibungsmuster zu bestimmten Zeitpunkten. Neuere Medikamente kommen weiterhin auf den Markt und spielen eine wachsende Rolle für FAE. Bewusstsein hinsichtlich seltenerer Auslöser und neu in Erscheinung tretender Wirkstoffe kann dabei helfen, Auslöser zu erkennen. Dies ermöglicht die unverzügliche Absetzung des verursachenden Wirkstoffs und kann damit ein Rezidiv verhindern.
Drug shortages: A systems view of the current state
Authors: van Oorschot Kim E. , Van Wassenhove Luk N. , Jahre Marianne , Selviaridis Kostas , de Vries Harwin 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTThe objective of this thought leadership article is to create a systems view of drug shortages based on the perceptions of practitioners and policymakers. We develop a comprehensive framework describing what stakeholders are currently doing when faced with drug shortages and show the outcomes of their actions. In a review of practitioner literature and public reports published from 2010 to 2020, we identify cause‐and‐effect relationships related to generic drug shortages in six high‐income European countries (Belgium, France, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and the UK) in normal times. By combining and connecting data from these different sources, we develop a systems view of the current state. Though several of the associations covered in the systems view are well known, putting them all together and considering their interrelationships is what is offered by this research. Based on this systems view, we derive three basic solution archetypes for drug shortages: (1) let the market handle it; (2) search for alternatives; and (3) bend the rules. The interactions between these archetypes generate causal ambiguity making it harder to understand and solve the problem as the side effects of solutions can be missed. We show how the interaction of archetypes can compromise intended behavior or escalate unintended behavior. However, our systems view allows us to suggest higher‐level solution archetypes that overrule such side effects. The basic and higher‐order solution archetypes can provide baselines for research and support the development of future interventions.
The political globalization trilemma revisited: An empirical assessment across countries and over time
Authors: Funke Michael , Zhong Doudou 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe political globalization trilemma asserts that a government cannot simultaneously opt for deep international integration, national sovereignty and democratic politics, but rather is constrained to choosing two of the three at most. This paper employs cross‐country panel data operationalizing the multifaceted three vertices of the trilemma. After explorative data analysis, we employ panel error‐correction techniques to uncover the mutual interdependencies among the variables in the system. The econometric evidence supports the existence of a long‐run relationship between economic integration, national sovereignty and democratic politics as postulated in the political globalization trilemma.
Cyclic stress–strain response and crystal plasticity finite element analysis of AISI 9310 steel in biaxial fatigue loading
Authors: Liang Jiabin , Jiao Li , Yan Pei , Song Yifan , Gu Huiqing , Qiu Tianyang , Wang Xibin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThere are still many gaps in the research on the multiaxial fatigue failure mechanism of the gear shaft. In this paper, cyclic stress–strain response and biaxial fatigue damage characteristics of gear steel AISI 9310 were investigated. The specimens showed obvious cyclic softening characteristics at all phase angles, and the softening rate was directly associated with the initiation and propagation of cracks. The fractographies at different phase angles revealed that the specimens under out‐of‐phase loading suffered fatigue failure caused by a single crack source on the surface, while the fatigue crack under in‐phase loading was gathered together by the propagation of different crack sources. Finally, the established crystal plastic finite element model showed a good prediction of the plastic strain energy density at different phase angles, and the maximum error was 13.03%. Furthermore, a biaxial fatigue life prediction method was proposed, with a maximum error of 39.5%.
Global networks of money and information at the crossroads: Correspondent banking and SWIFT
Authors: Robinson Gary , Dörry Sabine , Derudder Ben 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article explores how transaction information is a fundamental element enabling and fostering global flows of money. Financial systems, constructed around account‐based money, require infrastructure, which is separated into two parts: messaging and settlement, performed via trusted agents. This separation has allowed the geographical expansion of banking, and to this day constitutes a key architecture of increasingly global networks of money. Focusing on the correspondent banking system and the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication, this article demonstrates the workings of this infrastructure in cross‐border payments and in enacting economic sanctions. This sociotechnical infrastructure is a crucial yet overlooked area of global banking, which makes global economic and financial activity possible in the first place. Importantly, by analysing the organizational architecture of the global payments system and including the actors and agencies within it, we elucidate the (changing) relationships between data/information, geographies and power, contributing to the formation of a literature that conceptualizes financial infrastructure.
Reversing delegation? Politicization, de‐delegation, and non‐majoritarian institutions
Authors: Thatcher Mark , Sweet Alec Stone , Rangoni Bernardo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractElected governments and states have delegated extensive powers to non‐majoritarian institutions (NMIs) such as independent central banks and regulatory agencies, courts, and international trade and investment organizations, which have become central actors in governance. But, far from having resolved the balance between political control and governing competence or removed certain issues from political debate, NMIs have faced challenges to their legitimacy by elected officials and sometimes attempts to reverse delegation through “de‐delegation”. Our special issue studies the politicization of NMIs, and then whether, why and how it leads to de‐delegation through reducing the formal powers of NMIs or increasing controls over them. In this article, we examine how to analyze de‐delegation, how politicization of NMIs has developed, and how it has affected de‐delegation. We underline not only institutional rules that constrain elected officials but also the actions of NMIs themselves and their relationships with other NMIs as part of multi‐level governance systems. We find that politicization has varied, but even when strong, elected officials have not introduced widespread and long‐lasting de‐delegation; on the contrary, they have frequently widened the powers of NMIs. Insofar as elected politicians have sought to curb NMIs, they have often preferred to use existing controls and non‐compliance. Finally, we consider the wider implications of the combination of politicization and lack of de‐delegation for broader issues of governance such as the division of powers between the elected and unelected and democratic accountability.
Business as usual is not working for women in business schools: Student perceptions of business people and entrepreneurs
Authors: Raile Amber N. W. , Kwapisz Agnieszka , Bratton Virginia K. , Leary Myleen , Aytes Kregg , Black Laura J. , Bryant Scott E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDespite growth in the number of women pursuing business and entrepreneurship careers, dominance of masculine traits associated with these occupations persists. If business schools use language that subconsciously reinforces gendered stereotypes, students might perpetuate sexist expectations. Using a natural language text processing tool to analyze the written responses of 247 undergraduate students in a US‐based university, we found that student perceptions of entrepreneurs are associated with more masculine characteristics compared to student perceptions of business people. To some degree, female students were more likely to make these associations than male students. Our findings suggest that business schools must do their part to break the cycles that elevate masculine characteristics of entrepreneurship. The negative effects of this manifest in the persistent gender pay gap, rising but still minority numbers of women entrepreneurs, continued practices of rewarding masculine traits in organizations, and ongoing underrepresentation of women students in schools of business.
Dipole Flow Tracer Test Models for Identifying Skin Properties and Ambient Groundwater Flow Effects
Authors: Zhu Qi , Wen Zhang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAs a special single‐well test with dual‐screened configuration, dipole flow test with a tracer (DFTT) has been an efficient tool for aquifer parameter interpretation. The tool is excellent for characterizing the vertical distribution of hydraulic conductivity, dispersivity and in situ reaction rate in aquifers. It is noteworthy that the effects of skin and ambient groundwater flow (AGF) on the solute transport, which have been widely investigated in terms of conventional tracer tests, have not been comprehensively studied with respect to DFTT. Meanwhile, it is important to elucidate the potentials of DFTT in identifying the primary skin properties as well as the methods to avoid the AGF effects on DFTT. Consequently, we developed a mathematical model for DFTT accounting for skin and AGF. The results show that a negative skin acts as a preferential pathway for tracer transport and the AGF effects on breakthrough curves (BTCs) can be easily mistaken for reaction. Through extensive mathematical model‐based experiments, the BTCs calculated from the DFTT models with skin effects were categorized into four types, each of which is able to imply a specific kind of skin. Additionally, a new dimensionless parameter , composed of injection/extraction rate, hydraulic conductivity, hydraulic gradient of AGF and screen parameters, was defined to quantitatively indicate the AGF effects on the overestimation degree of the in situ first‐order reaction, implying that one can adjust the field parameters of DFTT to keep less than 3.7% to achieve an overestimation error of reaction rate below 50%.
Patients with von Willebrand disease in China: Results of an online survey
Authors: Yang Wen , Bi Hui , Wang Xiuli , Yang Zhichun , Wang Yacan , Tan Yaxian , Wang Honghui , Xie Dongmei , Mu Hongli , Yin Lingmei , Zhou Zeping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionLittle is known about the clinical characteristics of von Willebrand disease (VWD) patients in China, the impact of Covid‐19 on them and their genetic mutation.AimTo describe the clinical characteristics of a group of VWD patients in China, the impact of Covid‐19 on them and their genetic mutation.MethodsAn online survey using a self‐designed questionnaire was conducted among patients within a WeChat group of VWD patients in China. Data were analysed using t‐test, the Chi‐square test, Fisher's exact test and rank sum test.ResultsData from a total of 96 patients were collected. Several important findings are yielded. Above all, type 3 patients accounted for over half of the surveyed patients. Secondly, a surprising rate (>40%) of patients had experience of being misdiagnosed. Thirdly, treatment regimens were dominated by cryoprecipitate, blood‐derived FVIII and plasma, and only a small percentage of patients received prophylaxis. Fourthly, we identified 17 new von Willebrand factor (VWF) mutant genes which merit further investigation. Additionally, Covid‐19 was found to pose some challenges for the patients.ConclusionIn China, the high rates of type 3 patients and misdiagnosis suggest that most of the VWD patients may never be diagnosed in China. When it comes to diagnosis and treatment, there is a large gap between developing countries like China and developed countries.
Motivations and deterrents of blood donation among blood donors during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Hong Kong
Authors: Siu Judy Yuen‐man , Chan Engle Angela , Li Angus Siu‐cheong , Lee Yik Mun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has resulted in a reduction in blood donations and limited blood supply in many countries. The theory of planned behaviour has been widely used in past studies to understand the factors influencing blood donation. However, this theory limits analyses to the individual level. Furthermore, most research on the determinants of blood donation during the COVID‐19 pandemic is quantitative in nature, with relevant qualitative research being rare.ObjectivesTo investigate the motivators and demotivators for donating blood among current blood donors during COVID‐19 pandemic.DesignForty in‐depth, individual semistructured interviews were conducted with current blood donors from December 2020 to March 2021 in Hong Kong. Thematic content analysis was adopted in the data analysis.ResultsThe majority of the participants (n = 37) were demotivated from donating blood during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Factors at the perceptual, social and institutional levels interacted to cause this reluctance. Only three participants felt more motivated to donate blood. The data revealed that sociocultural forces and government pandemic prevention policies strongly affected the participants' motivations to donate blood during the pandemic.ConclusionThis study presents a macro understanding of blood donation behaviour by investigating the institutional, social and perceptual factors influencing current blood donors during the COVID‐19 pandemic. This adds a more comprehensive understanding of blood donation where the theory of planned behaviour is widely used in past studies.Public ContributionThe participants shared their experiences in the interviews. Their experiences provide hints for explaining the decreasing blood donation during the pandemic times.
Community stakeholder‐driven technology solutions towards rural health equity: A concept mapping study in Western Canada
Authors: Seaton Cherisse L. , Rondier Pierre , Rush Kathy L. , Li Eric P. H. , Plamondon Katrina , Pesut Barb , Oelke Nelly D. , Dow‐Fleisner Sarah , Hasan Khalad , Currie Leanne M. , Kurtz Donna , Jones Charlotte , Bottorff Joan L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundTechnology holds great potential for promoting health equity for rural populations, who have more chronic illnesses than their urban counterparts but less access to services. Yet, more participatory research approaches are needed to gather community‐driven health technology solutions. The purpose was to collaboratively identify and prioritize action strategies for using technology to promote rural health equity through community stakeholder engagement.MethodsConcept mapping, a quantitative statistical technique, embedded within a qualitative approach, was used to identify and integrate technological solutions towards rural health equity from community stakeholders in three steps: (1) idea generation; (2) sorting and rating feasibility/importance and (3) group interpretation. Purposeful recruitment strategies were used to recruit key stakeholders and organizational representatives from targeted rural communities.ResultsOverall, 34 rural community stakeholders from western Canada (76% female, mean age = 55.4 years) participated in the concept mapping process. In Step 1, 84 ideas were generated that were reduced to a pool of 30. Multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis resulted in a six‐cluster map representing how technological solutions can contribute toward rural health equity. The clusters of ideas included technological solutions and applications, but also ideas to make health care more accessible regardless of location, training and support in the use of technology, ensuring digital tools are simplified for ease of use, technologies to support collaboration among healthcare professionals and ideas for overcoming challenges to data sharing across health systems/networks. Each cluster included ideas that were rated as equally important and feasible. Key themes included organizational and individual‐level solutions and connecting patients to newly developed technologies.ConclusionsOverall, the grouping of solutions revealed that technological applications require not only access but also support and collaboration. Concept mapping is a tool that can engage rural community stakeholders in the identification of technological solutions for promoting rural health equity.Patient or Public ContributionRural community stakeholders were involved in the generation and interpretation of technological solutions towards rural health equity in a three‐step process: (1) individual brainstorming of ideas, (2) sorting and rating all ideas generated and (3) collective interpretation and group consensus on final results.