bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Divergent Synthesis of Core m1, Core m2 and Core m3 O‐Mannosyl Glycopeptides via a Chemoenzymatic Approach
Authors: Li Tianlu , Zhang Youqin , Li Tong , Zhuang Haoru , Wang Fengshan , Wang Ning , Schmidt Richard R. , Peng Peng 
Published: April 2022

Comprehensive SummaryO‐Mannosylation plays a vital role in the regulation of a variety range of biological processes, for instance, brain and muscle development. However, the precise function remains largely unknown due to its innate heterogeneity. In this regard, it is still welcome to develop efficient methods to access diverse structurally‐defined glycopeptides. In this study, a diversity‐oriented assembly of O‐mannosyl α‐dystroglycan (α‐DG) glycopeptides has been achieved via a chemoenzymatic strategy. This strategy features (i) gram scale divergent synthesis of core m1, core m2 and core m3 mannosylated amino acids from judiciously designed protecting group strategies and chemical glycosidation; (ii) efficient glycopeptide assembly via the optimized microwave‐assisted solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS); and (iii) enzymatic elaboration of the core glycan structures to install galactosyl and sialyl‐galactosyl moieties. The efficiency and flexibility of this chemoenzymatic approach was demonstrated with the construction of 12 glycopeptides with different core m1, core m2 and core m3 mannosyl glycans, including a core m2 glycopeptide bearing a heptasaccharide for the first time.
Protecting‐Group‐Free One‐Step Palladium‐Catalyzed Coupling on C25 of Cucurbitacin B Expands Chemical Diversity with Improved Cytotoxicity against A549 Cells
Authors: Zhuo Ning , Ma Jie , Cao Lei , Chen Linhai , Nan Fajun 
Published: April 2022

Comprehensive SummaryThe natural product cucurbitacin B has been widely studied because of its multiple biological activities, especially its potent antitumor effects. However, modifications of cucurbitacin B are mainly focused on the C2 and C16 site, studies on the C25 acetoxy group are still limited. We successfully developed a palladium‐catalyzed allylic coupling of cucurbitacin B with boronic acids, providing a one‐step approach to expand the chemical diversity of the C25 position. Our method was protecting‐group‐free, showing a good functional group tolerance and a wide substrate scope under mild reaction conditions. A library of 29 derivatives was prepared, compounds 2q and 2u showed higher cytotoxicity against A549 cells than cucurbitacin B, compounds 2n and 2o maintained potency, and the introduced hydroxyl and amino groups could be further derived.
Kinetic Resolution of 1,2‐Diaminesvia Organocatalyzed Asymmetric Electrophilic Aminations of Anilines
Authors: Xie Jinglei , Guo Zheng , Liu Wei , Zhang Dekun , He Yu‐Peng , Yang Xiaoyu 
Published: April 2022

Comprehensive SummaryAn efficient kinetic resolution (KR) protocol for 1,2‐diamines has been developed through asymmetric electrophilic aminations of anilines enabled by chiral phosphoric acid catalysis. A wide array of substituted 1,2‐diamines were compatible with this method, generating both the recovered staring materials and the amination products with high enantioselectivities (withs‐factor up to 218). Notably, this method is amenable to the kinetic resolution of 1,2‐diamines bearing α‐tertiary amine moieties, which represents the first KR of this type of 1,2‐diamines. Facile removal of the introduced hydrazine group and oxidative cleavage of theN‐aryl group to release the free primary amine demonstrate the value of this method.
DeePOF: A hybrid approach of deep convolutional neural network and friendship to Point‐of‐Interest (POI) recommendation system in location‐based social networks
Authors: Safavi Sadaf , Jalali Mehrdad 
Published: April 2022

AbstractToday, millions of active users spend a percentage of their time on location‐based social networks like Yelp and Gowalla and share their rich information. They can easily learn about their friends' behaviors and where they are visiting and be influenced by their style. As a result, the existence of personalized recommendations and the investigation of meaningful features of users and Point of Interests (POIs), given the challenges of rich contents and data sparsity, is a substantial task to accurately recommend the POIs and interests of users in location‐based social networks (LBSNs). This work proposes a novel pipeline of POI recommendations named DeePOF based on deep learning and the convolutional neural network. This approach only takes into consideration the influence of the most similar pattern of friendship instead of the friendship of all users. The mean‐shift clustering technique is used to detect similarity. The most similar friends' spatial and temporal features are fed into our deep CNN technique. The output of several proposed layers can predict latitude and longitude and the ID of subsequent appropriate places, and then using the friendship interval of a similar pattern, the lowest distance venues are chosen. This combination method is estimated on two popular datasets of LBSNs. Experimental results demonstrate that analyzing similar friendships could make recommendations more accurate and the suggested model for recommending a sequence of top‐k POIs outperforms state‐of‐the‐art approaches.
An automated clinical decision support system for predicting cardiovascular disease using ensemble learning approach
Authors: Kannan Sridharan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWith the vast advancements in the medical domain, earlier prediction of disease plays a substantial role in enhancing the healthcare quality and assists in taking better decisions making during emergency times. Most of the existing research concentrates on modeling an automated prediction model for heart disease and the risk factors. Nevertheless, accurate classification is a vital challenge in heart disease diagnosis where the managing of high‐dimensional data increases the execution time of existing classifiers. In this paper, a new ensemble model has been proposed with the aid of random subspace and K‐nearest neighbor (RSS‐KNN) scheme for earlier prediction of heart disease. Primarily, the proposed scheme implements an isolation‐based outlier removal mechanism to eradicate the noises and outliers in the distributed data. Subsequently, the essential features are identified using RSS by varying the testing and training errors in the evaluation phase. The extracted features are then fed into KNN for the accurate classification of heart disease. Finally, an enhanced squirrel optimizer has been employed in the proposed scheme to obtain the global results which balance the exploration as well as exploitation issues and eliminate the over‐fitting problems. The simulation results manifest that the accuracy (without features) of the proposed ensemble RSS‐KNN scheme in the UCI ML dataset is 97.65%, accuracy (with features) is 98.56%, and specificity is 98.10% when compared with existing state‐of‐the‐art classifiers.
Application of a metaheuristic gradient‐based optimizer algorithm integrated into artificial neural network model in a local geoid modeling with global navigation satellite systems/leveling measurements
Authors: Konakoglu Berkant , Aydemir Salih Berkan , Kutlu Onay Funda 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the present article, the efficiency of a new hybrid learning method, named artificial neural network with gradient‐based optimizer algorithm (ANN‐GBO), is investigated to determine a local geoid. The outcomes of the assessed method are compared with classical ANN (without GBO), some metaheuristic‐based ANN models and other study results (interpolation methods). Four commonly used performance metrics, root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute relative error (MARE) and coefficient of determination () have been used to assess the applied methods. Assessment of predictions revealed that ANN‐GBO yielded the best results (RMSE: 10.51 cm, MAE: 8.26 cm, MARE: 0.27 cm, and : 0.9622). The outcomes of the work clearly show that the ANN‐GBO approach has the lowest prediction error compared with ANN. It can be said that the GBO algorithm enhances the ANN capability in local geoid modeling. It may be recommended to optimize the weights of the ANN with GBO for high prediction accuracy. This research can be extended to other regions.
Effect of Preparation Conditions on the Morphology and Catalytic Performance of Nickel Phosphate Nanotubes
Authors: Ping Chengxin , Chen Xiaojuan , Qin Fan , Ma Weihua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNickel phosphate nanotubes are synthesized by a hydrothermal method under different conditions with cetyltrimethyl ammonia bromide (CTAB) as a soft template and urea as an assistant agent. The structure and morphology are characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐Ray powder diffraction (XRD), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, etc. Nickel phosphate nanotubes with different morphologies and structures are prepared at different pH values, crystallization time, molar ratios of Ni to P, CTAB to P, and urea to P. The TEM and SEM results show that the prepared nickel phosphate nanotubes seem like tremella or coral, which consist of nanotubes with a diameter of about 8 nm, length of about 200 nm, a rounded channel, and an open end. The formation process of nanotubes is deduced to be the self‐assembly of nickel phosphate growing along with CTAB. Nickel phosphate nanotubes show special catalytic performance in the isomerization reaction of epoxy propane. The reaction products are mainly propanal, allyl alcohol, and acetone, with a molar ratio of about 5:3:2 and the propylene oxide conversion and selectivity for propanal at 300 ℃ are 74.1% and 49.4%, respectively.
Proliferative and anti‐apoptotic fractions in maturing hematopoietic cell lineages and their role in homeostasis of normal bone marrow
Authors: Mestrum Stefan G. C. , Vanblarcum Roanalis B. Y. , Drent Roosmarie J. M. , Boonen Bert T. , van Hemert Wouter L. W. , Ramaekers Frans C. S. , Hopman Anton H. N. , Leers Math P. G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRecent developments in clinical flow cytometry allow the simultaneous assessment of proliferative and anti‐apoptotic activity in the different hematopoietic cell lineages and during their maturation process. This can further advance the flow cytometric diagnosis of myeloid malignancies. In this study we established indicative reference values for the Ki‐67 proliferation index and Bcl‐2 anti‐apoptotic index in blast cells, as well as maturing erythroid, myeloid, and monocytic cells from normal bone marrow (BM). Furthermore, the cell fractions co‐expressing both proliferation and anti‐apoptotic markers were quantified. Fifty BM aspirates from femoral heads of patients undergoing hip replacement were included in this study. Ten‐color/twelve‐parameter flow cytometry in combination with a software‐based maturation tool was used for immunophenotypic analysis of Ki‐67 and Bcl‐2 positive fractions during the erythro‐, myelo‐, and monopoiesis. Indicative reference values for the Ki‐67 and Bcl‐2 positive fractions were established for different relevant hematopoietic cell populations in healthy BM. Ki‐67 and Bcl‐2 were equally expressed in the total CD34 positive blast cell compartment and 30% of Ki‐67 positive blast cells also showed Bcl‐2 positivity. The Ki‐67 and Bcl‐2 positive fractions were highest in the more immature erythroid, myeloid and monocytic cells. Both fractions then gradually declined during the subsequent maturation phases of these cell lineages. We present a novel application of an earlier developed assay that allows the simultaneous determination of the Ki‐67 proliferative and Bcl‐2 anti‐apoptotic indices in maturing hematopoietic cell populations of the BM. Their differential expression levels during the maturation process were in accordance with the demand and lifespan of these cell populations. The indicative reference values established in this study can act as a baseline for further cell biological and biomedical studies involving hematological malignancies.
Cellular fibroadenoma versus phyllodes tumors: A pre‐operative diagnostic approach based on radiological and cytological features
Authors: Rana Chanchal , Kamal Nidhi , Mishra Prabhakar , Singh Akanksha , Ramakant Pooja , Mishra Anand , Singh Kulranjan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study has been designed in an effort to identify the clinico‐radiological and cytological features that could effectively help in differentiating cellular fibroadenoma (CFA) and phyllodes tumors (PT), which have several overlapping characteristics.MethodHistologically proven cases of CFA and PT were reviewed. Cytological features were assessed and categorized. Clinical and radiological details were also evaluated and he the two groups were compared statistically.ResultsA total of 43 FA and 52 PT were specimens were reviewed. Mean age and tumor size for CFA and PT were 26.05 and 36.94 years, and 3.7 and 6.4 cm, respectively. Univariate analysis and regression models revealed that age >30 years, BIRADS grade of 4 or more, marked cellularity of stromal fragments, more than 30% spindle cells in background cell population and presence of traversing blood vessels in stromal fragments increased the odds of a tumor being phyllodes. The binary logistic regression model was able to predict PT accurately in 87.2% cases (p <  .001).ConclusionPT and CFA could be differentiated if cytological findings are cautiously correlated clinically and radiologically. Age, BIRADS category along with assessment of stromal fragments and background population can effectively distinguish between CFA and PT.
Leukemia‐associated transcription factor mllt3 is important for primitive erythroid development in zebrafish embryogenesis
Authors: Germano Giuseppe , Porazzi Patrizia , Felix Carolyn A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundMLLT3 (AF9) is a nuclear transcription factor crucial for hematopoietic stem cell and progenitor cell maintenance, but its role during embryonic hematopoiesis remains uncertain. Here, we examine the role of mllt3 in developmental hematopoiesis during embryogenesis using zebrafish.ResultsCloning, sequencing, phylogenetic, and synteny analyses showed high evolutionary conservation between important functional domains of the zebrafish orthologue of mllt3 and MLLT3 in humans. Quantitative reverse transcription‐PCR and in situ hybridization analyses revealed that mllt3 is maternally supplied and zygotically expressed throughout embryonic development, and that expression is highest between 10 and 24 hours post‐fertilization (hpf) coincident with enrichment in the intermediate cell mass (ICM) and posterior blood island, which are the sites of the primitive and transient definitive hematopoiesis in zebrafish, respectively. Further, we found co‐expression of mllt3 with the early hematopoietic progenitor markers tal1, gata2, and gata1a in the posterior ICM. By investigating zebrafish hematopoietic mutants, we discovered that mllt3 is involved in erythroid precursor formation. By 48‐72 hpf, mllt3 expression proved to be restricted to non‐hematopoietic tissues including head structures, pronephric tubules, and liver primordium.ConclusionsThese findings establish a link between mllt3 and primitive erythropoiesis and provide the basis for future functional investigations.
Experimental evolution of a more restrained clutch size when filial cannibalism is prevented in burying beetlesNicrophorus vespilloides
Authors: Rebar Darren , Halliwell Chay , Kemp Rachel , Kilner Rebecca M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe overproduction of offspring is commonly associated with high hatching failure and a mechanism for dispensing with surplus young. We used experimental evolution of burying beetle populationsNicrophorus vespilloidesto determine causality in these correlations. We asked does eliminating the mechanism for killing “spare” offspring cause the evolution of a more restrained clutch size and consequently select for reduced hatching failure?N.vespilloidestypically overproduces eggs but kills 1stinstar larvae through partial filial cannibalism during brood care. We established replicate evolving populations that either could practice filial cannibalism (Full Care) or could not, by removing parents before their young hatched (No Care). After 20+ generations of experimental evolution, we measured clutch size and hatching success. We found that No Care females produced fewer eggs than Full Care females when allowed to breed on a small corpse, a finding not explained by differences in female quality. On larger corpses, females from both populations laid similar numbers of eggs. Furthermore, hatching success was greater in the No Care populations on small corpses. Our results suggest that the adaptive overproduction of offspring depends on a mechanism for eliminating surplus young and that killing offspring, in turn, relaxes selection against hatching failure.
Effects of long‐term nitrogen addition on water use by Cunninghamia lanceolate in a subtropical plantation
Authors: Liu Wenfei , Duan Honglang , Shen Fangfang , Liao Yingchun , Li Qiang , Wu Jianping 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe deposition of reactive nitrogen (N) has substantially increased in subtropical regions due to human activities. However, the effects of long‐term N addition on the water‐use efficiency of subtropical forests are poorly understood. Here, we conducted an 11‐year experiment in a subtropical Cunninghamia lanceolate plantation with four N‐addition levels: N0, N1, N2, and N3 (equivalent to 0, 6, 12, and 24 g N m−2 year−1, respectively). A thermal dissipation probe system was used to calculate sap flow, and plant biomass carbon was assessed by field investigation. The whole‐plant water use and water‐use efficiency were estimated. In addition, the δ13C of tree rings was used to indicate the plant intrinsic water‐use efficiency. The results showed that N3 treatment significantly increased the annual sap flow velocity, especially in summer and winter. Annual water use, plant growth, and water‐use efficiency did not significantly differ among the N treatments, but water use tended to be higher in N3 treatment than in N0 treatment. Furthermore, the significant reduction of δ13C in N3 treatment than in N0 treatment supported the inference that N addition could increase water use. We conclude that long‐term addition of high levels (but not of low levels) of N increased whole‐plant water use in C. lanceolate plantations. Our findings indicate that N deposition accompanied by high temperature and drought events may negatively affect water balance in subtropical forests.
Results‐based management of wicked problems? Indicators and comparative evidence from Latin America
Authors: Kirschke Sabrina , Avellán Tamara , Benavides Lucía , Caucci Serena , Hahn Angela , Müller Andrea , Rubio Giraldo Claudia Beatriz 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEnvironmental problems are often wicked, shaped by conflicts, complexity, and uncertainty. Research is called here to design effective management approaches adapted to these specific features of environmental problems. However, management approaches hardly account for both result‐orientation and the respective management needs in the face of wicked problems. By combining the results‐based management literature with an analytic understanding of wickedness, we identify 12 indicators for an effective management along four management stages (inputs, activities, outputs, and outcomes) and three dimensions of wicked problems (goal diversity, system complexity, and uncertainty). An interview‐based demonstration of the concept in the Latin American context suggests a chain of effects regarding the stages, which differs slightly concerning dimensions of wicked problems. A lack of resources results here in limited activities, outputs, and outcomes to address problems, which is further substantiated by diverse challenges throughout the results‐chain. While these patterns are pertinent for all dimensions of wicked problems, we also find varying challenges for addressing conflicts, complexity, and uncertainty. These results call for more rigorous analysis at the policy capacity level and along the dimensions of wickedness as a starting point for achieving effective policies to address wicked environmental problems at the outcome level.
Renal replacement therapy as a therapeutic option for right heart failure in severe pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Shimbo Mai , Hatano Masaru , Ishii Satoshi , Saito Akihito , Yagi Hiroki , Minatsuki Shun , Maki Hisataka , Amiya Eisuke , Takeda Norifumi , Komuro Issei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressively life‐threatening disease that causes right heart failure (RHF). Renal dysfunction frequently complicates PAH with RHF and is associated with a worse prognosis. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) may be a therapeutic option, although its efficacy and safety are unclear. We describe a 30‐year‐old male with severe PAH who developed renal insufficiency and diuretic‐refractory volume overload complicated with RHF but was successfully managed with intermittent RRT via a subcutaneously fixed superficial artery for 4 years. RRT led to haemodynamic stability, which enabled us to carefully de‐titrate parenteral PAH drugs without worsening RHF. This case highlights that RRT may be a potential alternative for haemodynamic and volume control of refractory fluid retention complicated with RHF in severe PAH cases. Further studies are warranted to gain more insight into patient selection and the optimal timing of RRT in PAH patients with deteriorating RHF.
Quality of life assessed 6 months after hospitalisation for acute heart failure: an analysis from REPORT‐HF (international REgistry to assess medical Practice with lOngitudinal obseRvation for Treatment of Heart Failure)
Authors: McNaughton Candace D. , McConnachie Alex , Cleland John G. , Spertus John A. , Angermann Christiane E. , Duklas Patrycja , Tromp Jasper , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Filippatos Gerasimos , Dahlstrom Ulf , Dickstein Kenneth , Schweizer Anja , Perrone Sergio V. , Hassanein Mahmoud , Ertl Georg , Obergfell Achim , Ghadanfar Mathieu , Collins Sean P. 
Published: April 2022

AimsRecovery of well‐being after hospitalisation for acute heart failure (AHF) is a measure of the success of interventions and the quality of care but has rarely been quantified. Accordingly, we measured health status after discharge in an international registry (REPORT‐HF) of AHF.Methods and resultsThe analysis included 4606 patients with AHF who survived to hospital discharge, had known vital status at 6 months, and were enrolled in the United States of America, Russian Federation, or Western Europe, where the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) was administered. Median age was 69 years (quartiles 59–78), 40% were women, and 34% had a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40%, and 12% patients died by 6 months. Of 2475 patients with a follow‐up KCCQ, 28% were ‘alive and well’ (KCCQ >75), while 43% had poor health status (KCCQ ≤50). Being ‘alive and well’ was associated with new‐onset AHF, LVEF <40%, younger age, higher baseline KCCQ, country, and race. Associations were similar for increasing health status, with the exception of country and addition of comorbidities.ConclusionIn this international global registry, health status recovery after AHF hospitalisation was highly variable. Those with the best health status at 6 months were younger, had new‐onset heart failure, and higher baseline KCCQ; nearly one‐third of survivors were ‘alive and well’. Investigating reasons for changes in KCCQ after hospitalisation might identify new therapeutic targets to improve patient‐centred outcomes.