bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of vitamin D source and dietary cation–anion difference in peripartum dairy cows on calcium homeostasis and milk production
Authors: Beck Matthew R , Zapalac Dakota , Chapman James D , Zanzalari K P , Holub Glenn A , Bascom Scott S , Engstrom Mark A , Reuter R Ryan , Foote Andrew P 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of dietary vitamin D source on serum calcium (Ca), urinary Ca excretion, and milk production when fed in combination with a prepartum acidogenic negative dietary cation–anion difference (DCAD) diet. Nonlactating, pregnant multiparous cows (n = 15), balanced for breed (Holstein n = 9 and Jersey n = 6), and previous mature equivalent milk production, were assigned to one of three treatments (five cows/treatment), consisting of a control (PCH; positive DCAD, 8.9 mEq/100 g DM) and two negative DCAD diets (−15.4 mEq/100 g DM), one with vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol; NCH) and one with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (calcidiol; NCA; DSM nutritional products). The treatments were formulated to provide 1.95 mg/d of vitamin D and were fed 28 d prior to expected calving date. Delivery of vitamin D sources was accomplished by manufacture of a pellet and 2 kg of these pellets were individually fed simultaneously each day along with 2 kg of ground corn daily at 0800 hours. Negative DCAD treatments were formulated to provide 0.46 kg/d of Animate (Phibro Animal Health) and, if needed, additional Animate was top-dressed at each feeding to achieve a urine pH between 5.5 and 6.0 based on the previous day’s urine pH. Close-up cows had ad libitum access to chopped bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) hay and hay intake was measured using SmartFeed Pro systems (C-Lock Inc.; Rapid City, SD). Prepartum urine and serum samples were collected weekly and serum was collected 36, 48, and 72 h post-calving. Prepartum dry matter intake (DMI) as a percent of body weight was not (P = 0.66) affected by treatments. Cows fed NCH and NCA had greater (P = 0.02) prepartum serum Ca than PCH and tended to have greater urinary Ca excretions (P = 0.10). Average postpartum serum Ca (mg/dL) was greater (P = 0.05) for cows fed NCH (8.8) compared with PCH (7.8), whereas NCA (8.4) was numerically intermediate and not (P &gt; 0.05) different from either of the other treatments. Postpartum DMI was not affected by treatment (P = 0.39). Daily milk yield (MY) (kg/d) was greatest (P &lt; 0.01) for NCA (37.5) compared with the other treatments and NCH (34.1) was intermediate and greater than PCH (29.9). These results suggest that an acidogenic prepartum diet in combination with vitamin D was effective in maintaining peripartum serum Ca and the 25-hydroxy form of vitamin D improved MY compared with NCH in early lactation.
Genetic Analysis of Pediatric Pancreatoblastoma
Authors: Wang Zhengzheng , Li Xiaoting , Li Qingjun , Zhou Jinxue 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Pediatric pancreatoblastoma (PBL) is a rare disease, and the treatment of which is diverse. The molecular alteration in pancreatoblastoma is not very clear. A 7-year-old female who presented with intermittent abdominal pain, anorexia, and abdominal mass was admitted in our hospital. Pancreaticoduodenectomy, cholecystectomy, and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection were conducted. Immunohistochemistry results after surgery showed creatine kinase +, clusters differentiation 56 −, clusters differentiation 99 +, carcinoembryonic antigen −, periodic acid-Schiff +, B- catenin +, Ki-67 + 70%, progesterone receptor +, neuron-specific enolase −, vimentin −, and insulin −. According to the cell shape and the results of immunohistochemistry, the patient was diagnosed with PBL. The tumor tissue, adjacent tissue, and blood were collected. Mutation profiles were detected using next-generation sequencing technique with a panel of 704 genes. The child recovered well without complications postoperatively. There were 261 genes mutated in her plasma or tumor tissue (mutant frequency ≥1%). The adjacent tissue and plasma harbored the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 gene-anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusion and tumor tissue harbored proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase 1-solute carrier family 34 member A2 fusion. The gene alteration profiles of PBL patients warrant further investigations, which may provide new insight into the treatment of this disease.
Molecular Alterations in Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas
Authors: Ghio Michael , Vijay Adarsh 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas are overwhelmingly benign tumors predominately observed in women in the third decade of life. However, their malignant potential, based on local recurrences and metastases, has brought into question the available evidence on their biological behavior. Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms have distanced themselves from other pancreatic tumors with varying morphological appearance, immune profile, and histogenesis. In review of the literature, PubMed was queried using search strings, including “solid pseudopapillary neoplasm” and “molecular,” and “immunohistochemistry.” Alternative searches were also conducted given the variability in tumor name, including “solid pseudopapillary tumor” and “Frantz tumor.” This article provides an in-depth review into the molecular pathways that contribute to the pathogenesis of solid pseudopapillary neoplasms. It also discusses the implications of existing molecular pathways toward tumor aggressiveness and recurrence potential.
Identification of 2 Chinese Primary Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cancer Cell Lines and Their Phenotypes
Authors: Wang Jianxin , Li Enliang , Chen Qi , Wei Tao , Zhang Qi , Fu Qihan , Lou Yu , Wang Yi , Chen Yiwen , Bai Xueli , Liang Tingbo 
Published: January 2022

Objectives
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal cancers. Currently, the most commonly used PC cell lines were all derived from White individuals, and few models can be used to study in Asian populations. In China, the incidence of PC is increasing every year, highlighting the need to develop new Chinese PC cell lines for cancer research.

Methods
A total of 203 patients diagnosed with PC, enrolled from January 2012 to December 2017 in our hospital (Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery), had received surgery. Primary PC patient tumor samples were harvested sterilely from surgery, minced, and digested in collagenase. Cells were cultured in plates precoated with l-polylysine.

Results
Two primary PC cell lines, Si-Liang 187 and Si-Liang 188, were established, both of which grew as adherent monolayers and demonstrated distinguished phenotypes. Si-Liang 187 shows the typical mesenchymal pattern, whereas Si-Liang 188 shows epithelial phenotype. Moreover, they carry different genetic backgrounds according to whole exome sequencing.

Conclusions
Two new Chinese PC cell lines were established, both of which were characterized and confirmed with high tumorigenicity. They may serve as useful tools for pathogenesis research when evaluating new treatment strategies in Asian patients.
Adult Proinsulinomatosis Associated With a MAFA Germline Mutation as a Rare Cause of Recurrent Hypoglycemia
Authors: Mintziras Ioannis , Peer Katharina , Goerlach Jannis , Goebel Joachim N. , Ramaswamy Annette , Slater Emily P. , Kann Peter Herbert , Bartsch Detlef Klaus 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Sporadic adult insulinomatosis is an extremely rare clinical condition. Adult proinsulinomatosis has not yet been described. We report the case of a 48-year-old female patient with recurrent hypoglycemia caused by benign proinsulin-secreting pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasias (pNENs) with no history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Initial workup revealed elevated serum proinsulin levels and a positive fasting test. Magnetic resonance imaging and endosonography visualized 2 pNENs in the pancreatic body and tail that were treated by robotic-assisted enucleation. After initial biochemical cure, the patient's hypoglycemia recurred 3 months after surgery. Imaging showed a new lesion in the pancreatic body, so that now a spleen-preserving subtotal distal pancreatectomy was performed. The pathological examination revealed 17 neuroendocrine microadenomas and 1 well-differentiated pNEN (Ki-67% 1%–2%) of 22-mm size as well as more than 200 (pro)insulin-producing β-cell precursor lesions, confirming the diagnosis of adult proinsulinomatosis. Mutation analysis of the germline DNA identified the in-frame deletion mutation (p.His207del) in the MAFA gene on chromosome 8. The patient was biochemically cured 16 months after the last surgical resection. Similarly to adult insulinomatosis, the presence of proinsulin-secreting tumors causes recurrent hypoglycemia and might be associated with germline mutations in the MAFA gene.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Based Radiomics Models to Predict Early Extrapancreatic Necrosis in Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Zhou Ting , Xie Chao-lian , Chen Yong , Deng Yan , Wu Jia-long , Liang Rui , Yang Guo-dong , Zhang Xiao-ming 
Published: January 2022

Objective
The aim of the study was to investigate radiomics models based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for predicting early extrapancreatic necrosis (EXPN) in acute pancreatitis.

Methods
Radiomics features were extracted from T2-weighted images of extrapancreatic collections and late arterial-phase images of the pancreatic parenchyma for 135 enrolled patients (94 in the primary cohort, including 47 EXPN patients and 41 in the validation cohort, including 20 EXPN patients). The optimal features after dimension reduction were used for radiomics modeling through a support vector machine. A clinical model, the MR severity index score, and extrapancreatic inflammation on MRI were evaluated.

Results
Twelve optimal features from the extrapancreatic collection images and 10 from the pancreatic parenchyma images were selected for modeling. The pancreatic parenchyma-based and extrapancreatic collection-based radiomics models showed good predictive accuracy in both the training and validation cohorts. The areas under the curve of the extrapancreatic collection-based radiomics model (0.969 and 0.976) were consistent with those of the pancreatic parenchyma-based model (0.931 and 0.921) for both cohorts and better than those of the clinical model and imaging scores for both cohorts.

Conclusions
The MRI-based radiomics models of both the extrapancreatic collections and the pancreatic parenchyma had excellent predictive performance for early EXPN.
Surgical Intervention Strategies of Necrotizing Pancreatitis With Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
Authors: Kao Shih-Yi , Chen Tien-Hua , Wang Chien-Ying , Hsiao Chen-Yuan , Chiang Ching-Shu , Chou Shu-Cheng , Chen Jui-Yu , Tsai Pei-Jiun 
Published: January 2022

Objective
Acute pancreatitis can usually recover after conservative treatment. Five to 10 percent of acute pancreatitis may proceed into peripancreatic fluid collection and necrosis development, called necrotizing pancreatitis (NP), which has a high mortality rate. If it is accompanied by the occurrence of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) and does not respond to medical therapy, surgical intervention is indicated.

Methods
We analyzed our experience of surgical intervention strategies for NP patients with medically irreversible ACS from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2018.

Results
Of the 47 NP patients with ACS, mean Ranson score was 6.5, mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score was 22.2, and Modified computed tomography severity index score was all 8 or greater. The mean total postoperative hospital length of stay was 80.2 days, of which the mean intensive care unit length of stay was 16.6 days. The overall complication rate was 31.9%. The mortality rate was 8.5%. Among the 47 patients, only fungemia was significantly associated with mortality incidence.

Conclusions
The combination of multiple drainage tube placement, feeding jejunostomy, and ileostomy at the same time were effective surgical intervention strategies for NP patients with ACS, which brought a lower mortality rate.
Phase II Trial of Bevacizumab Monotherapy in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Zhu Mojun , Costello Brian A. , Yin Jun , Pettinger Adam M. , Strosberg Jonathan R. , Erlichman Charles , Hobday Timothy J. 
Published: January 2022

Objectives
Systemic therapies for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) are limited. The combination of bevacizumab and temsirolimus showed significant antitumor activity, but the single-agent activity of bevacizumab was unknown. We conducted a single-arm, phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy of bevacizumab in PNETs.

Methods
Patients with progressive disease by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 within 7 months of enrollment were eligible for bevacizumab 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks. Adverse events were assessed according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0. The primary end point was response rate (RR).

Results
Twenty-four patients were enrolled and followed up for a median duration of 36.1 months. Confirmed RR was 12.5%; 75.0% of patients had stable disease at 6 months. Median progression-free survival was 18.0 months; median overall survival was not reached. Common grade 3 adverse events were hypertension (45.8%) and proteinuria (8.3%). No grade 4 adverse events were observed.

Conclusions
Bevacizumab demonstrated promising antitumor activity in progressive PNETs comparable to standard targeted therapy. Although this study failed to reject the null hypothesis (RR, 10%), bevacizumab seems a reasonable monotherapy and a potential component of combination therapies given clinical activity and low rates of adverse events.
Targeting of Smad7 in Mesenchymal Cells Does Not Exacerbate Fibrosis During Experimental Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: Li Xuan , Nania Salvatore , Kleiter Ingo , Löhr J.-Matthias , Heuchel Rainer L. 
Published: January 2022

Objectives
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)–mediated accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen I is a common feature of fibrosis. Pancreatic stellate cells play an integral role in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis, and their profibrotic ability is mainly mediated by TGF-β signaling. To specifically address the role of fibrogenic cells in experimental pancreatic fibrosis, we deleted Smad7, the main feedback inhibitor of TGF-β signaling in this cell type in mice.

Methods
A mouse strain harboring a conditional knockout allele of Smad7 (Smad7fl/fl
) with the tamoxifen-inducible inducible Col1a2-CreERT
allele was generated and compared with wild-type mice challenged with the cerulein-based model of chronic pancreatitis.

Results
Pancreatic stellate cells lacking Smad7 had significantly increased collagen I and fibronectin production and showed a higher activation level in vitro. Surprisingly, the fibrotic index in the pancreata of treated conditional knockout mice was only slightly increased, without statistical significance. Except for fibronectin, the expression of different extracellular matrix proteins and the numbers of fibroblasts and inflammatory cells were similar between Smad7-mutant and control mice.

Conclusions
There was no clear evidence that the lack of Smad7 in pancreatic stellate cells plays a major role in experimental pancreatitis, at least in the mouse model investigated here.
Hypophosphatemia Is More Common and Is Prognostic of Poorer Outcomes in Severe Alcoholic Pancreatitis
Authors: Wagner Jason , Hernandez-Blanco Yllen , Yu Abraham , Garcia-Rodriguez Victor , Mohajir Wasay , Goodman Colin , Farooq Ahmad 
Published: January 2022

Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine if hypophosphatemia is more common in patients with severe alcohol-induced acute pancreatitis (AAP).

Methods
This is a retrospective, single institution, cohort study that analyzed 147 patients admitted to the hospital for AAP. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine if hypophosphatemia would be related to clinical outcomes of disease severity.

Results
Hypophosphatemia was more common in patients with severe AAP at admission; in addition, all patients with severe AAP (100%) eventually developed hypophosphatemia during admission, relative to those with mild (43%) and moderately severe (54%) AAP. The magnitude of the lowest phosphate measurement obtained during admission was lower in patients with severe AAP (mean, 1.5 mg/dL, standard deviation [SD], 0.5 mg/dL) relative to those with mild (mean, 2.6 mg/dL; SD, 0.9 mg/dL) and moderately severe (mean, 2.3 mg/dL; SD, 0.9 mg/dL) AAP (P < 0.001). Finally, patients who developed hypophosphatemia during admission were more likely to require intensive care unit admission (P < 0.001), vasopressors (P = 0.01), or intubation (P = 0.003).

Conclusions
Hypophosphatemia is more common and of greater magnitude in patients admitted to the hospital with severe AAP. In addition, patients with severe AAP who develop hypophosphatemia during admission are more likely to have poorer clinical outcomes.
Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery Perforator Flap in Advanced Head and Neck Reconstruction: From Simple to Its Chimeric Patterns and Clinical Experience with 22 Cases
Authors: Scaglioni Mario F. , Meroni Matteo , Fritsche Elmar , Rajan Gunesh 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Head and neck tissue defects after ablative head and neck surgery often require complex and composite reconstructions. The superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator (SCIP) flap is an extremely versatile perforator-based flap with minimal donor-site morbidity. The authors present their experience with both simple and chimeric SCIP flap reconstructions for complex defects in various head and neck regions.

Methods:
Twenty-two patients undergoing ablative head and neck surgery for oncologic abnormalities were treated by means of a SCIP flap reconstruction. Patients’ mean age was 62 years; 21 were men and one was a woman. Seventeen flaps were simple and five were chimeric reconstruction patterns. Indocyanine green perfusion imaging was performed in all cases.

Results:
Twenty-one of 22 patients (95.5 percent) were successfully treated with good aesthetic and functional results. Two patients (9 percent) showed minor donor-site complications that were managed conservatively. The mean follow-up period was 5.3 months (range, 2 to 8 months).

Conclusions:
This case series demonstrates the reliability and versatility of the SCIP flap for head and neck reconstruction. The chimeric options combined with bone, double-skin paddle, and muscle offer a broad variety of functional reconstructive solutions for complex head and neck surgery. Intraoperative indocyanine green perfusion examinations are a valuable tool to assess and ascertain proper inset, vitality, and postanastomosis vessel patency in these complex microvascular flap reconstructions.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Urinary Incontinence Among Elderly Adults in Rural China
Authors: Luo Yan , Zou Ping , Wang Kai , Li Xiaomei , Wang Jing 
Published: January 2022

PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and several subtypes: (stress, urge, and mixed UI) and the influence of multiple factors on the likelihood of UI.DESIGN:Epidemiological study based on cross-sectional data collection.SUBJECTS AND SETTING:The sample comprised 1279 inhabitants 65 years and older residing in 10 villages randomly selected from the Shanxi province, located in North China.METHODS:The presence and types of UI were assessed using the International Consultation of Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form. Sociodemographic parameters were also recorded, along with data on lifestyle, bowel function, and medical conditions. The Activity of Daily Living Scale and Mini-Mental State Examination instruments were used to evaluate physical and cognitive functions, respectively. A multivariate logistic regression model with the backward method was employed to identify factors associated with UI.RESULTS:The prevalence of any UI among the rural Chinese elderly 65 years and older was 46.8%, with a female predominance (56.3% in females vs 35.0% in males). The most common incontinence subtype in women was mixed UI (n = 170, 24.0%), followed by stress UI (n = 131, 18.5%) and urge UI (n = 97, 13.7%). The most prevalent form of UI in males was urge UI (n = 190, 33.2%), followed by stress UI (n = 5, 0.9%) and mixed UI (n = 5, 0.9%). Less than one quarter of respondents (17%, n = 102) of participants with UI had consulted a doctor. Multivariate analysis found that poorer physical function, poor quality of sleep, and fecal incontinence were common factors associated with UI in both women and men. In women, higher body mass index and constipation were also independent correlates, as were poor vision and heart disease in men. Poorer physical function was associated with all UI subtypes. For female stress UI, poorer cognitive status, tea drinking, and hypertension also emerged as independent risk factors. Heart disease was an independent risk factor in both female and male urge UI; as was consumption of a non-plant-based diet for female mixed and urge UI; nonfarmer and traumatic brain injury for female urge UI; and poor vision and fecal incontinence in male urge UI.CONCLUSIONS:Chinese rural citizens showed a high UI prevalence, but only a small proportion had consulted a health care provider. Physical function decline was the most important contributor to UI among participants. Individualized intervention programs targeting modifiable risk factors among high-risk populations should be developed.
Factors Affecting Medication Adherence Among patient with Schizophrenia: A Literature Review
Authors: Rohmi Faizatur , Rumambo Pandin Moses Glorino 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis review aimed to summarize empirical evidence concerning to the factors relating to medication adherence among patients with schizophrenia. A comprehensive search was implemented to recruit articles which met the present eligibility criteria. Twenty articles were included, all of which were quantitative studies. Greater awareness of illness (insight), previous history of medication adherence, positive attitude toward medication, types of atypical antipsychotics, less severe psychotic symptoms, and social support, self-efficacy, general health status, gender men, lower socioeconomic status, living alone, length of illness, drug abuse, education level, severity of illness for example being in the acute phase, participating in mental health services, health facilities, marital status, receiving monotherapy were identified as factors of medication adherence. Implications to clinical practice include providing psychoeducation to patients and family by increasing their knowledge about illness and medication.
A new method for the sampling and preservation of placental specimens in low-resource settings for the identification of P. falciparum and analysis of nucleic acids
Authors: Potoczak Patrick S. , Strassmann Beverly I. , Vincenz Claudius 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCollection, preservation, and shipment of histological specimens in low-resource settings is challenging. We present a novel method that achieved excellent preservation of placental specimens from rural Mali by using formalin fixation, ethanol dehydration, and long-term storage in a solar-powered freezer. Sample preservation success was 92%, permitting evaluation of current and past malaria infection, anemia, placental maturity, and inflammation. Using RNAscope® hybridization we were able to visualize cell-specific gene expression patterns in the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens. Additionally, our method entailed mirrored sampling from the two cut faces of a cotyledon, one for the FFPE workflows and the other for storage in RNAlater™ and RNA-seq.