bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cohabitation among Chinese minorities in Western countries: an alternative family formation strategy for disadvantaged groups?
Authors: Shi Wenlei , Lievens John 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUsing data of Chinese immigrants extracted from the Belgian National Register registering a cohabitation or marriage between 2005 and 2015 (N = 3945), this study aims to advance the understanding of cohabitation among disadvantaged groups in local marriage markets. From the difference in prevalence of cohabitation between Chinese men and women, we conclude that Chinese immigrants could use cohabitation rather as a practical living arrangement in the context of recent migration rather than as an alternative to marriage, as the receiving society does. The practical living strategy of ethnic minorities enhances our understanding of cohabitation among disadvantaged groups, for whom the choice for cohabiting would be largely influenced by the home familial culture.
Return to sport after posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: what variables actually have an influence? A retrospective study
Authors: Ruffilli Alberto , Barile Francesca , Viroli Giovanni , Manzetti Marco , Traversari Matteo , Ialuna Marco , Bulzacki Bogucki Bartlomiej Dobromir , Faldini Cesare 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To retrospectively evaluate a cohort of athletically active patients who underwent surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), and to determine which clinical, surgical and anthropometric variables influenced their return to sport after surgery.

Methods
112 adolescents who underwent high-density posterior fusion for AIS by a single surgeon were analyzed for clinical, surgical and demographic predictors of return to presurgical physical activity levels. Data were retrospectively collected by charts and X-rays analysis and patients interviews.

Results
Preoperative main curve Cobb was 64.4 ± 14.12° and obtained correction was 70.0 ± 12.5%. Included patients played many different sports (Table 4), most of all ballet (44/112, 39.2%), swimming (40/112, 35.7%) and gymnastics (32/112, 28.6%). At an average of 50.3 months follow-up, 76 (67.8%) patients returned to sports (RTS) at an equal or higher level than preoperatively. Younger age, lower Lenke curve type and lower main curve Cobb were significantly associated with RTS. As for RTS timing, patients who returned within the first 6 months were younger, with a higher Lenke and a less severe main curve, a more distal UIV and a more proximal LIV. No complications related to RTS were registered.

Conclusion
In conclusion, patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis safely returned to physical activity after surgery. Younger age, higher Lenke type and lower main curve severity predicted a quicker return to sport. However, prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Global feminisms: a mega social analysis of confidence in women’s organisations in Europe and the MENA Region
Authors: Rodríguez Martínez Pilar , Ferreras Carreras Elena 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article aims at defining the concept of global feminisms within the framework of a mega-sociology of emotions that allows us to compare people’s confidence towards women's organisations in two different geo-cultural regions: Europe and the Middle East and North Africa region (MENA), based on data collected by the World Values Survey (WVS) in the 6th edition 2010–14. From a discriminatory analysis, the article concludes that people's identifications with women's organisations are related to: (i) their fundamental conceptions of the social relationships between men and women and their conception of social change (emancipation, equality and sexual freedom); (ii) their identification towards other social organisations; and (iii) their sex-gender, social position, income and religious practice. The comparison of these gender cosmologies displays similarities and differences that could be useful instruments for those involved in transformative identity policies and programmes in both regions.
Clinical Study on the Use of Acupuncture for the Treatment of Female Sexual Dysfunction: A Pilot Study
Authors: Zhang Jun tan , Ma Lin , Gong Xiang , Luo Sufang , Zhao Shuqin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionFemale sexual dysfunction (FSD) seriously affects the quality of life of women. However, most women do not have access to effective treatment.AimThis study aimed to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of the use of acupuncture in FSD treatment based on existing clear acupuncture protocol and experience-supported face-to-face therapy.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on 24 patients with FSD who received acupuncture from October 2018 to February 2022. The Chinese version of the female sexual function index , subjective sensation, sexual desire, sexual arousal, vaginal lubrication, orgasm, sexual satisfaction, and dyspareunia scores were compared before and after the treatment in all 24 patients.Main Outcome MeasureA specific female sexual function index questionnaire was used to assess changes in female sexual function before and after the acupuncture treatment.ResultsIn this study, the overall treatment improvement rate of FSD was 100%. The Chinese version of the female sexual function index total score, sexual desire score, sexual arousal score, vaginal lubrication score, orgasm score, sexual satisfaction score, and dyspareunia score during intercourse were significantly different before and after the treatment (P &lt; .05). Consequently, participants reported high levels of satisfaction with acupuncture. This study indicates that acupuncture could be a new and effective technique for treating FSD. The main advantages of this study are its design and efficacy in treating FSD. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of FSD using the female sexual function index scale from 6 dimensions. The second advantage is that the method used (ie, the nonpharmacological method) is simple, readily available, highly safe with few side effects, and relatively inexpensive with high patient satisfaction. However, limitations include small sample size and lack of further detailed grouping, pre and post control study of patients, blank control group, and pre and post control study of sex hormones.ConclusionAcupuncture can effectively treat FSD from all dimensions with high safety, good satisfaction, and definite curative effect, and thus, it is worthy of promotion and application.
Laxatives are Associated with Poorer Polysomnography-derived Sleep Quality
Authors: Costa Yakdehikandage S. , Murray Brian J. , Boulos Mark I. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT:Objective:To characterize 1) the relationship between laxative use and objective sleep metrics, and 2) the relationship between laxative use and self-reported insomnia symptoms in a convenience sample of middle-aged/elderly patients who completed in-laboratory polysomnography.Methods:We cross-sectionally analyzed first-night diagnostic in-laboratory polysomnography data for 2946 patients over the age of 40 (mean age 60.5 years; 48.3% male). Laxative use and medical comorbidities were obtained through self-reported questionnaires. Patient insomnia symptoms were based on self-report. Associations between laxative use and objective sleep continuity were analyzed using multivariable linear regression models. Associations between laxative use and insomnia were assessed using multivariable logistic regression models.Results:After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, total recording time, and relevant comorbidities, laxative users had a 7.1% lower sleep efficiency (p < 0.001), 25.5-minute higher wake after sleep onset (p < 0.001), and a 29.4-minute lower total sleep time (p < 0.001) than patients not using laxatives. Laxative users were found to be at greater odds of reporting insomnia symptoms (OR = 1.7, p = 0.024) than patients not using laxatives.Conclusion:Laxative use is associated with impairments in objective sleep continuity. Patients using laxatives were also at greater odds of reporting insomnia symptoms.
Who Should Call for Advocacies? The Influence of Rights Advocates on the Public's Attitude Toward Immigrants’ Voting Rights in Japan
Authors: Igarashi Akira , Ono Yoshikuni 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNative allies are critical to the success of immigrants’ social movements in East Asian countries because of their relatively small number. However, it remains unclear whether advocacy messages from natives or from immigrants are more effective in changing natives’ attitudes toward supporting immigrant-oriented policies. We hypothesize, from the perspective of social identity theory, that the persuasiveness of a message varies, depending on the identity of the group sending the message—that is, whether it is an in-group or an out-group. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a survey experiment using the case of granting local voting rights to immigrants in Japan. We found that support for granting local voting rights to immigrants does not decrease when the Japanese hear advocacy messages from the Japanese, however, it does decrease when they hear messages from Korean immigrants who stand to benefit from the granting of local suffrage. These results suggest that natives’ advocacy messages may increase support for immigrants.
Following negative search instructions: the role of visual context
Authors: Rück Franziska , Dudschig Carolin , Mackenzie Ian G. , Leuthold Hartmut , Kaup Barbara 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOne typical use of negation is to refer to exceptions. In a visual display showing several similar items (majority) and one exception, referring to the exception by negating the majority should therefore be pragmatically felicitous. We investigated whether comprehenders are sensitive to these pragmatic aspects when processing negative sentences and having to identify the according items in the visual display. In Experiment 1, participants read affirmative and negative sentences referring to either the exception or the majority object in strongly biased displays. Additionally, unbiased displays were implemented, showing equal numbers of objects of each type. Identification times of the correct referent were shorter with the biased display independent of sentence polarity. Also, picking the exceptional item in the biased display was faster than picking a majority item, independent of sentence polarity. Thus, participants did not specifically profit from pragmatically felicitous conditions when processing negation. Critically, in the biased displays, the exceptional object was highly salient, which might have initially drawn the participant’s attention to this object, resulting in a general speed-up. Therefore, in Experiment 2, we used a biased display with reduced saliency of the exceptional object. Again negation did not result in a specific speed-up due to pragmatically correct negation use. Thus, negation does not seem to facilitate the identification of an exceptional object.
Proportionally Less Difficult?: Reevaluating Keele’s “Proportionally Difficult”
Authors: Metzger Shawna K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractKeele (2010, Political Analysis 18:189–205) emphasizes that the incumbent test for detecting proportional hazard (PH) violations in Cox duration models can be adversely affected by misspecified covariate functional form(s). In this note, I reevaluate Keele’s evidence by running a full set of Monte Carlo simulations using the original article’s illustrative data-generating processes (DGPs). I make use of the updated PH test calculation available in R’s survival package starting with v3.0-10. Importantly, I find the updated PH test calculation performs better for Keele’s DGPs, suggesting its scope conditions are distinct and worth further investigating. I also uncover some evidence for the traditional calculation suggesting it, too, may have additional scope conditions that could impact practitioners’ interpretation of Keele (2010). On the whole, while we should always be attentive to model misspecification, my results suggest we should also become more attentive to how frequently the PH test’s performance is affected in practice, and that the answer may depend on the calculation’s implementation.
The Friday Effect: How Communal Religious Practice Heightens Exclusionary Attitudes
Authors: Brooke Steven , Chouhoud Youssef , Hoffman Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDoes attending communal religious services heighten the tendency to express exclusionary attitudes? Drawing on responses from thousands of Muslims, we identify how the ritual Friday Prayer systematically influences congregants' political and social attitudes. To isolate the independent role of this religious behavior, we exploit day-of-the-week variation in survey enumeration, which we assume to be plausibly uncorrelated with likely confounders, including self-reported religiosity. In our primary analysis, six variables charting various modes of intolerance each indicate that frequent attenders interviewed on Fridays (that is, proximate to the weekly communal prayer) were significantly more likely to express sectarian and antisecular attitudes than their counterparts. To test the potential mechanism behind this tendency, we rely on a controlled comparison between Egyptian and Algerian subgroups, as well as an original survey experiment in Lebanon. Evidence from both analyses is consistent with arguments that elite political messaging embedded in religious rituals spurs much of the observed variation.
Facilitating arts participation for creative ageing: an action research in South Korea
Authors: Cho Euna , Chang Woongjo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHow to promote wellbeing in old age is an issue that is drawing increasing attention as populations age in societies around the world. This study explores arts participation in later life and creative ageing through artistic engagement. We focus on potential participants who have had little prior experience with the arts, examining their journey through artistic activities, and the broader benefits to society of a creatively engaged population. We applied an action research methodology by designing two phases of arts workshops, one focused on hands-on creation activities and the other on appreciation of professional artists' works. This approach yielded the following findings. First, facilitation is key to initiating and sustaining artistic engagement among older adults, in part by helping them adapt to a changing society. Second, potential participants should be centred in discussions on creative initiatives. In particular, still active pre-seniors have much to offer in developing creative ageing initiatives. Third, arts participation for creative ageing goes far beyond the individual; it promotes community wellbeing and contributes to creating social value. Finally, we make an actionable suggestion that ‘facilitation for arts participation’ be developed as a specialised professional field.
Colchicine in post-operative Fontan patients
Authors: Goldstein Stephanie A. , Nolan Katherine , Marchetti Kariann , Stoscup Janine K. , Clewis Holli , Jarvis Kathleen , Halligan Nadine L.N. , Dahmer Mary K. , Schumacher Kurt R. , Rocchini Albert 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground:Prolonged effusions post-Fontan procedure are associated with morbidity. Fontan patients have higher pro-inflammatory cytokines in chest tube drainage compared to controls. Colchicine, an anti-inflammatory medication, decreases effusions in adults after cardiac surgery. We hypothesised that patients post-Fontan treated with colchicine would have decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and shorter duration of chest tube drainage.Methods:This pilot clinical trial enrolled nine patients (intention to treat); five completed the protocol (per protocol). Post-operative Fontan patients 20 months to 5 years receiving colchicine were compared to a previously published control cohort (n = 25). Per protocol patients received 0.6 mg colchicine daily starting post-operative day 2, ending 1 day after chest tube removal. Chest tube samples were taken on days 1–4, 7 and 10, or until removal and analysed with a 17-cytokine Bio-Plex Assay. Descriptive statistics and basic univariate comparisons were made.Results:There was no difference in duration of chest tube drainage or length of stay between intention to treat patients and controls. Per protocol patients had shorter duration of chest tube drainage compared to controls (6 days [interquartile range 4.7–7], versus 10 days [7–11], p = 0.007) and shorter length of stay (7 days [5.5–9] versus 9 days [9–13], p = 0.005). Pro-inflammatory cytokines trended lower in per protocol patients.Conclusions:In this pilot cohort, patients who completed the colchicine protocol post-Fontan procedure had shortened duration of chest tube drainage and length of stay. A decrease of pro-inflammatory cytokines may contribute to the mechanism of this change.ClinicalTrials.gov: Colchicine in Postoperative Fontan Patients (CPFP); NCT03575572; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03575572.
Red meat consumption is associated with prediabetes and diabetes in rural Vietnam: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nguyen Chau Que , Pham Thuy Thi Phuong , Fukunaga Ami , Hoang Dong Van , Phan Tien Vu , Phan Danh Cong , Huynh Dong Van , Hachiya Masahiko , Le Huy Xuan , Do Hung Thai , Mizoue Tetsuya , Inoue Yosuke 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjective:To examine the association between red/processed meat consumption and glycaemic conditions (i.e. prediabetes (preDM) and diabetes mellitus (DM)) among middle-aged residents in rural Khánh Hòa, Vietnam.Design:In this cross-sectional study, a multinomial logistic regression model was used to examine the association between daily consumption of red/processed meat (0–99 g, 100–199 g or ≥ 200 g) and preDM/DM with adjustments for socio-demographic, lifestyle-related and health-related variables.Setting:Khánh Hòa Province, VietnamParticipants:The study used data collected through a baseline survey conducted during a prospective cohort study on CVD among 3000 residents, aged 40–60 years, living in rural communes in Khánh Hòa Province.Results:The multinomial regression model revealed that the relative-risk ratios for DM were 1·00 (reference), 1·11 (95 % CI = 0·75, 1·62) and 1·80 (95 % CI = 1·40, 2·32) from the lowest to the highest red/processed meat consumption categories (Ptrend = 0·006). The corresponding values for preDM were 1·00 (reference), 1·25 (95 % CI = 1·01, 1·54) and 1·67 (95 % CI = 1·20, 2·33) (Ptrend = 0·004). We did not find any evidence of statistical significance in relation to poultry consumption.Conclusion:Increased red/processed meat consumption, but not poultry consumption, was positively associated with the prevalence of preDM/DM in rural communes in Khánh Hòa Province, Vietnam. Dietary recommendations involving a reduction in red/processed meat consumption should be considered in low- and middle-income countries.
Possible Dynamic Mechanisms of High‐ and Low‐Latitude Wave Trains Over Eurasia and Their Impacts on Air Pollution Over the North China Plain in Early Winter
Authors: An Xiadong , Chen Wen , Fu Shuo , Hu Peng , Li Chun , Sheng Lifang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Rossby wave train in boreal winter sometimes bifurcates into two branches near the Mediterranean, sometimes not. However, causes for bifurcating of the wave train are still being debated. Additionally, discussions about the differences in the deterioration ability of these wave trains on air pollution are also insufficient. This study uses the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) to obtain two dominant modes of the November‐January season wave trains over Eurasia and discusses their different influences on air pollution over the North China Plain (NCP). From the EOF1 mode, bifurcation of the wave train appears to stem from the Rossby wave reflection near the Mediterranean because the Rossby wave source is located outside of a strong absolute vorticity gradient. From the EOF2 mode, the wave train propagates only along the subtropical westerly jet because the Rossby wave source is located inside of a strong absolute vorticity gradient, so that the wave train tends to be refracted near the Mediterranean. In addition, the wave train associated with the EOF1 is suggested to be related to the eastern Pacific El Niño. The eastern Pacific El Niño tends to force a wave train propagating into East Asia under the charger effect from positive feedback of air‐sea coupling near the far eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean, while the wave train associated with the EOF2 is suggested to be mainly induced by natural internal variability. Furthermore, the results indicate that the bifurcation type wave train tends to cause higher PM2.5 concentrations over the NCP through a strengthened Northeast Asia anomalous anticyclone.
High-fidelity carbon dots polarity probes: revealing the heterogeneity of lipids in oncology
Authors: Hu Jingyu , Sun Yuanqiang , Geng Xin , Wang Junli , Guo Yifei , Qu Lingbo , Zhang Ke , Li Zhaohui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPolarity is an integral microenvironment parameter in biological systems closely associated with a multitude of cellular processes. Abnormal polarity variations accompany the initiation and development of pathophysiological processes. Thus, monitoring the abnormal polarity is of scientific and practical importance. Current state-of-the-art monitoring techniques are primarily based on fluorescence imaging which relies on a single emission intensity and may cause inaccurate detection due to heterogeneous accumulation of the probes. Herein, we report carbon dots (CDs) with ultra-sensitive responses to polarity. The CDs exhibit two linear relationships: one between fluorescence intensity and polarity and the other between polarity and the maximum emission wavelength. The emission spectrum is an intrinsic property of the probes, independent of the excitation intensity or probe concentration. These features enable two-color imaging/quantitation of polarity changes in lipid droplets (LDs) and in the cytoplasm via in situ emission spectroscopy. The probes reveal the polarity heterogeneity in LDs which can be applied to make a distinction between cancer and normal cells, and reveal the polarity homogeneity in cytoplasm.
Electrical control of quantum emitters in a Van der Waals heterostructure
Authors: White Simon J. U. , Yang Tieshan , Dontschuk Nikolai , Li Chi , Xu Zai-Quan , Kianinia Mehran , Stacey Alastair , Toth Milos , Aharonovich Igor 
Published: June 2022

AbstractControlling and manipulating individual quantum systems in solids underpins the growing interest in the development of scalable quantum technologies. Recently, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has garnered significant attention in quantum photonic applications due to its ability to host optically stable quantum emitters. However, the large bandgap of hBN and the lack of efficient doping inhibits electrical triggering and limits opportunities to study the electrical control of emitters. Here, we show an approach to electrically modulate quantum emitters in an hBN-graphene van der Waals heterostructure. We show that quantum emitters in hBN can be reversibly activated and modulated by applying a bias across the device. Notably, a significant number of quantum emitters are intrinsically dark and become optically active at non-zero voltages. To explain the results, we provide a heuristic electrostatic model of this unique behavior. Finally, employing these devices we demonstrate a nearly-coherent source with linewidths of ~160 MHz. Our results enhance the potential of hBN for tunable solid-state quantum emitters for the growing field of quantum information science.