bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The evaluation of the adjacency effect on the seismic response of homogenous hills
Authors: Babaadam Niloufar , Uromeihy Ali , Havenith Hans-Balder , Sohrabi-Bidar Abdollah , Maghami Shahram 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A brief review of previous studies shows that topographic features play an important role in the amplification (de-amplification) of seismic waves. Most researchers who have focused on topographic effects have paid attention to the distribution of amplification on isolated features, whereas what is seen in nature is often more complicated. it is known that 2D or 3D geological structures further contribute to the amplification of seismic ground motion. the main objective of this study is an investigation of the influence of adjacent hills on seismic responses. First, a parametric study has been performed, considering five models (consisting of one to five 2D symmetric homogeneous semi-sinusoidal hills), which are subjected to vertical incident waves. The 2D numerical results show that the largest values of spectral amplification for a series of 2D semi-sinusoidal hills are observed at the crest stations of the central hill, and it increases when the number of hills increases symmetrically on both sides of the central hill. This means that the spectral amplification increases from 3.3 for the single-hill model to 4.37 for the five-hill model. in the following, to validate the parametric results, three adjacent hills located in the city of Arak are studied using the horizontal to vertical spectral ratio analysis of microtremor recording. The comparison with the amplification results obtained from the distinct element (UDEC) and boundary element (HYBRID) numerical approaches indicates that the central hill is more affected by adjacency, rather than the side hills. The spectral amplification for the crest station on the central hill is higher than the two other stations.
Research on prediction method of surface roughness in weak magnetorheological shear thickening fluid polishing
Authors: Ming Yang , Huang Xiangming , Yunhui Cai , Dongdong Zhou 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A joint prediction method of "mathematical modeling and finite element calculation" is proposed to improve the prediction of machining quality in weak magnetorheological shear thickening fluid polishing of complex surfaces. The study proceeded in several steps. First, based on both impact energy model and material removal model, a numerical prediction model of surface roughness is established. Second, based on the multi-peak fitting method, the field induced rheological properties of the polishing fluid are characterized and material properties of the flow field medium in the polishing zone are defined. Third, the numerical boundaries of polishing flow velocity and shear stress in the above prediction model are obtained. Fourth, the polishing experiments with parameters consistent with the above simulation model are conducted, and the initial surface roughness values are substituted into the above prediction model. The results show that the joint prediction method can effectively predict the machining quality of workpiece surface. The absolute error of Sa value of surface roughness is up to10.6 nm, and the maximum relative error is 12.3%.
Explainable AI for unveiling deep learning pollen classification model based on fusion of scattered light patterns and fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Brdar Sanja , Panić Marko , Matavulj Predrag , Stanković Mira , Bartolić Dragana , Šikoparija Branko 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Pollen monitoring have become data-intensive in recent years as real-time detectors are deployed to classify airborne pollen grains. Machine learning models with a focus on deep learning, have an essential role in the pollen classification task. Within this study we developed an explainable framework to unveil a deep learning model for pollen classification. Model works on data coming from single particle detector (Rapid-E) that records for each particle optical fingerprint with scattered light and laser induced fluorescence. Morphological properties of a particle are sensed with the light scattering process, while chemical properties are encoded with fluorescence spectrum and fluorescence lifetime induced by high-resolution laser. By utilizing these three data modalities, scattering, spectrum, and lifetime, deep learning-based models with millions of parameters are learned to distinguish different pollen classes, but a proper understanding of such a black-box model decisions demands additional methods to employ. Our study provides the first results of applied explainable artificial intelligence (xAI) methodology on the pollen classification model. Extracted knowledge on the important features that attribute to the predicting particular pollen classes is further examined from the perspective of domain knowledge and compared to available reference data on pollen sizes, shape, and laboratory spectrofluorometer measurements.
Toxicity of mint and eucalyptus extracts and some chemical insecticides on black legume aphid, Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and its predator, Hippodamia variegata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
Authors: Danaye-Tous Amir-Hossein 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aphis craccivora also known as black legume aphid is a critical pests related to cowpeas, alfalfa, and grain legumes in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Several different insecticides have been used to control this pest. The adonis ladybird, Hippodamia variegata is an active predators of this pest and can reportedly found all over the world. Aiming to reduce chemical insecticides, this study compares of the toxicity of the mint and eucalyptus extracts (Palizin®) (SL65%) and the chemical pesticides imidacloprid, pirimicarb, and spirotetramat onA. craccivora and its natural enemy H. variegata in the laboratory using leaf dipping method and the spraying technique. According to the results, the LC50 value of the botanical pesticide Palizin on A. craccivora was 50.017 ppm and on the H. variegata 54.606 ppm. Also, the mortality rate after 24 hours was as follows: Palizin used on A. craccivora at concentrations of 1250 ppm and 833 ppm caused 100% and 76.67% mortality, respectively while pirimicarb, with 70% mortality, performed better than spirotetramat (63.83% mortality) and imidacloprid (10% mortality). Furthermore, Palizin used on H. variegata at concentrations of 1250 ppm and 833 caused mortality rates of 66.68% and 63.33% respectively. Pirimicarb, however caused a mortality rate of 43.33% while spirotetramat and imidacloprid led to mortality rates of 10% and 100% respectively. Thus, it can be said that Palizin, at concentrations of 1250 and 833 ppm is suitable for farmers to use in controling A. craccivora while conserving part of the its predator population, H. variegata.
Optimization of glutathione production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae HBSD-W08 using Plackett–Burman and central composite rotatable designs
Authors: Hu Xinyi , Shen Xinlei , Zhu Shen , Zeng Huawei , Shuai Yuying 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Glutathione (GSH) is an important bioactive tripeptide and is widely used in the food, medicine, and cosmetics industries. The aim of this study was to provide an efficient method for producing GSH and to explore its synthesis mechanism. Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain HBSD-W08 was screened for GSH production, and its fermentation medium was optimized using single-factor experiments of the Plackett-Burman and central composite rotatable designs. This method was used to analyze the effects of the presence and concentration of various carbon sources, organic and inorganic nitrogen sources, metal ions, and precursor amino acids on GSH production and catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) activity.
Results
The three most significant factors affecting GSH production were peptone (optimal concentration [OC]: 2.50 g L− 1), KH2PO4 (OC: 0.13 g L− 1), and glutamic acid (OC: 0.10 g L− 1). GSH productivity of HBSD-W08 was obtained at 3.70 g L− 1 in the optimized medium. The activity of γ-GCS, which is a marker for oxidative stress, was found to be highly positively correlated with GSH production.
Conclusions
This finding revealed an underlying relationship between GSH synthesis and oxidative stress, providing useful information for developing effective GSH fermentation control strategies.
Study of Sterilization Mechanism of Acidic Electrolyzed Water on Saprolegnia and the Control of Saprolegniasis in grass carp
Authors: Yang Hu , Li Jia , Xu Huizhong , Peng Chunfeng , Cui Jun , Hu Shengbiao , Xia Liqiu , Zhang Youming 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Saprolegnia infection of freshwater fish causes considerable economic loss to the aquaculture industry. Acidic electrolytic water (AEW) is highly valued by researchers for its rapid, efficient and broad-spectrum advantages in disinfection. This study investigated the bactericidal effect, mechanism and application of AEW on Saprolegnia. The results showed that AEW had a bactericidal effect on both Saprolegnia mycelia and spores, yet the bactericidal effect on Saprolegnia mycelia were superior. The available chlorine concentration (ACC), oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and treatment time were the main factors affecting the bactericidal effect of AEW. AEW mainly affected the normal physiological function of mycelium by destroying the cell membrane structure and causing leakage contents. However, the mycelium treated with AEW showed a decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity, which led to a massive outbreak of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and eventually induced apoptosis and necrosis. To investigate the safety assessment of AEW for grass carp and its application in Saprolegnia disease control, the results showed that AEW with dilution greater than 100 is safe for grass carp juveniles and has a preventive effect on Saprolegnia infection in grass carp. In conclusion, AEW provides a new technical method for the prevention and control of Saprolegnia in the future, and it has potential application in the aquaculture industry.
Exosomes derived from EphB2-overexpressing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells regulate immune balance and repair barrier function
Authors: Chu Si , Yu Ting , Wang Wenzhu , Wu Hui , Zhu Feng , Wei Chunzhu , Gao Fei , Liu Chang , Fan Heng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Disruption of intestinal barrier function and an imbalance in intestinal immunity are crucial for the occurrence and development of ulcerative colitis. Because of their important roles in regulating inflammation and immunity, exosomes (Exos) released from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) may be useful for treating ulcerative colitis. The EphB/EphrinB signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the inflammatory process and the development and function of immune cells, and can mediate long-distance intercellular communication through extracellular vesicles. This study was conducted to explore the effects of pre-modified BMSC-Exos expressing EphB2 (EphB2-Exos) on immunoregulation in vitro.
Methods
We transfected a lentivirus vector encoding EphB2 into BMSCs and isolated EphB2-Exos from the culture supernatant. Inflammation and oxidative damage in the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2) were induced by dextran sulfate sodium/hydrogen peroxide. In addition, spleen CD4+ T lymphocytes of rats were sorted in vitro. We conducted a series of experiments to explore the biological functions of EphB2-Exos.
Results
EphB2-Exos were successfully isolated and were found to significantly protect the activity, proliferation, and migration of Caco-2 cells that were inhibited by dextran sulfate sodium. EphB2-Exos alleviated inflammation and apoptosis and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes while inhibiting oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. EphB2-Exos restored barrier function by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK pathway and regulated the polarization of CD4+T cells.
Conclusion
EphB2-Exos enhanced intestinal barrier function and regulated the immune balance by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK pathway in vitro. These findings suggest that EphB2-Exos can be applied as a cell-free therapy for ulcerative colitis.
Pathway and effects of ascorbic acid during wound healing in rat dental pulp
Authors: Ohkura Naoto , Yoshiba Kunihiko , Yoshiba Nagako , Edanami Naoki , Ohshima Hayato , Takenaka Shoji , Noiri Yuichiro 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AA; vitamin C) plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis and secretion of collagen to produce the organic matrix of hard tissues. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanism by which AA induces reparative dentinogenesis is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the pathway and function of AA during wound healing in a rat pulpotomy model. Sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter (SVCT) 2 and glucose transporter (GLUT) 1 were detected in odontoblasts, endothelial cells, and nerve fibers in normal pulp tissues. SVCT2 and GLUT1 were also expressed in odontoblast-like cells in pulpotomized tissues of Wistar rats and osteogenic disorder Shionogi (ODS) rats, which cannot generate AA. However, in ODS rats, a thick layer of osteopontin was detected beneath the wound surface, and odontoblast-like cells observed along this layer expressed Nestin and α-SMA, but the formation of dentin bridges was not evident. Macrophages expressing CD68 and CD206 increased beneath the wound site. Hence, AA may be involved in odontoblast-like cell differentiation and anti-inflammatory response during dental pulp wound healing. Our results provide new insights into the function of AA through SVCT2 and GLUT1 in reparative dentinogenesis and may help in developing new therapeutic targets for dental pulpal disease.
A high-efficiency Discretized Immersed Boundary Method for moving boundaries in incompressible flows
Authors: Xu Dong , Liu Jianing , Wu Yunfeng , Ji Chunning 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Immersed Boundary Method (IBM) has an advantage in simulating fluid-structure interaction, owning to its simplicity, intuitiveness, and ease of handling complex object boundaries. The interpolation function plays a vital role in IBM and it is usually computationally intensive. For moving or deforming solids, the interpolation weights of all of the immersed boundary points ought to be updated every time step, which takes quite a lot CPU time. Considering the fact that the interpolation procedure within all uniform structured grids is highly repetitive and very similar, we propose a simple and generalized Discretized Immersed Boundary Method (DIBM), which significantly improves efficiency by discretizing the interpolation functions onto subgrid points within each control volume and forming and reusing a universal interpolation stencil. The accuracy and performance of DIBM are analyzed using both theoretical estimation and simulation tests. The results show speedup ratios of 30 ~ 40 or even higher using DIBM when compared with traditional IBM for typical moving boundary simulations like particle-laden flows, while the error is estimated to be under 1% and can be further decreased by using finer subgrid stencils. By balancing the performance and accuracy demands, DIBM provides a efficient alternative way for handling moving boundaries in incompressible viscous flows.
Impact of Mobile Health on Maternal and Child Health Service Utilization and Continuum of Care in Northern Ghana
Authors: Kantamah Abdul Ganiyu , Dwomoh Duah , Amuasi Susan Ama , Dotse-Gborgbortsi Winfred , Kubio Chrysantus , Apraku Edward Anane , Timbire Jonas Kolong , Nonvignon Justice 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Maternal and child mortality are of public health concern. Most of these deaths occur in rural communities of developing countries. Technology for maternal and child health (T4MCH) is an intervention introduced to increase Maternal and Child Health (MCH) services utilization and continuum of care in some health facilities across Ghana. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of T4MCH intervention on MCH services utilization and continuum of care in the Sawla-Tuna-Kalba District in the Savannah Region of Ghana. A quasi-experimental study with a retrospective review of records of MCH services of women who attended antenatal services in some selected health centers in the Bole (comparison district) and Sawla-Tuna-Kalba (intervention district) of the Savannah region, Ghana. In total 469 records were reviewed, 263 in Bole and 206 in Sawla-Tuna-Kalba. A multivariable modified Poisson and logistic regression with augmented inverse-probability weighted regression adjustment based on propensity scores were used to quantify the impact of the intervention on service utilization and continuum of care. The implementation of T4MCH intervention increased antenatal care attendance, facility delivery, postnatal care and continuum of care by 18 percentage points (ppts) [95% CI: -17.0, 52.0], 14ppts [95% CI: 6.0%, 21.0%], 27ppts [95% CI: 15.0, 26.0] and 15.0ppts [95% CI: 8.0, 23.0] respectively compared to the control districts. The study showed that T4MCH intervention improved antenatal care, skilled delivery, postnatal services utilization, and continuum of care in health facilities in the intervention district. The intervention is recommended for a scale-up in other rural areas of Northern Ghana and the West-African sub-region.
Predictive role of cardiac valvular calcification in all-cause mortality of Chinese initial hemodialysis patients: a follow-up study of 4 years
Authors: Cheng Yun , Zou Jianzhou , Jin Huimin , Lu Zhihui , Ding Xiaoqiang , Cao Xuesen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background Cardiac valvular calcification (CVC) is prevalent in hemodialysis (HD) patients. However, its association with mortality in Chinese incident hemodialysis (IHD) patients remians unknown.
Methods 224 IHD patients who had just begun HD therapy in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University were enrolled and divided into two groups according to the detection of cardiac valvular calcification(CVC) using echocardiography. The patients were followed for a median of 4 years for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality.
Results During follow up,56 (25.0%) patients died including 29 (51.8%) of cardiovascular disease. The adjusted HR related to all cause mortality was 2.14(95% CI, (1.05-4.39) for patients with cardiac valvular calcification. However, CVC was not an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality for patients who had just begun HD therapy.
Conclusion CVC at baseline is an independent risk factor of all cause mortality in HD patients and provides an independent contribution in the prediction of all cause mortality. These findings support the use of echocardiography at the beginning of HD.
Study on the mechanism of unidirectional loading rubber bulging of bionic egg-shaped shell
Authors: Shi Zhengxian , sun zhiying , Shen Mingting , Zhang Jian , Zhan Ming 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of complex processing technology, uneven deformation, and poor forming accuracy of multi-curvature positive Gaussian slewing egg-shaped shells, we propose using unidirectional loading rubber flexible medium bulging technology to improve the tube deformation distribution and enhance the processing accuracy of plastic forming of bionic egg-shaped shells. The optimization problems in the rubber bulging technology of non-homogeneous deformation egg-shaped shells are explored by analyzing the structure and manufacturing method of egg-shaped shells. The simulation analysis and experimental verification methods are used to study the different technological parameters and forming accuracy of rubber bulging of egg-shaped shells under unidirectional loading and to master the deformation mechanism of rubber bulging of egg-shaped shell structural components under unidirectional loading. The study shows that optimizing technological parameters in unidirectional loading mode can effectively improve the uniformity of strain distribution and thickness distribution during the forming of egg-shaped shells, thus improving the processing accuracy of plastic deformation of bionic egg-shaped thin-walled parts. Furthermore, the simulation of the rubber bulging technology of the egg-shaped shell after the optimization of technological parameters is in good agreement with the experiment.
Investigation on cutting performance in ultrasonic assisted helical milling of Ti6Al4V alloy by various parameters and cooling strategies
Authors: Yunhe Zou , Guo Shijie , Li Huaqiang , Deng Xiaofan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Ti6Al4V alloy is the typical difficult-to-machine materials and often result in rapid tool wear, leading to poor machining quality in aircraft assembling. Compared to conventional helical milling, the ultrasonic assistant helical milling (UAHM) process has indicated its superior performance, however it is still a great challenge to improve the hole surface quality and accuracy. In addition, few studies has been conducted on the effect of different variables and cooling strategies on the hole-making performance in longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic assisted helical milling (LT-UAHM). This work mainly aims to investigate the surface finish and accuracy of the holes machined in LT-UAHM of Ti6Al4V alloy. The design approach of Taguchi experiment was employed to study how major variables such as the cutting speed, tangential feed, axial feed and the workpiece hardness influence the dimensional and geometrical tolerances and surface roughness. This paper also discussed the effect of three cooling strategies, i.e. dry condition, air coolant and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) in LT-UAHM. Theoretical analysis demonstrated that the MQL coolant can be nebulized into hyper-fine droplets owing to the resonant cavitation phenomenon. Combined with the penetrating action caused by the separate-cutting principles of LT-UAHM, the cooling and lubrication performance of MQL was further enhanced. As a result, MQL&LT-UAHM had the most positive effect on circularity, cylindricity, nominal diameter and surface roughness, contributing to 34%, 32%, 39% and 40%, respectively. The second important machining factor was the cutting speed, contributing to 31%, 29%, 36% and 22%, respectively. The tangential feed and workpiece hardness have the negative effect on geometrical accuracy, respectively.