bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIFFERENCES IN HOW OLDER ADULTS ARE PORTRAYED IN CHILDREN’S MEDIA
Authors: Domnick Hallory , Manternach Celine , Heinz Melinda 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The purpose of this project was to analyze how older adults were portrayed in children’s media. Children are shaped by the media that they consume, and since the media often features negative or inaccurate portrayals of older adults, it has the potential to impact how children view this population. A total of 30 children’s picture books (published in the last 10 years) and 15 children’s shows on Disney+ and PBS Kids were analyzed for their portrayal of older adults. Each piece of media was analyzed for examples of: stereotypes/myths, positive and negative portrayals, and roles older adults engaged in. The most common stereotype/myth identified was that older adults frequently needed to use assistive devices (such as a cane) or were portrayed with exaggerated physical differences (deep wrinkles, white hair). Positive portrayals of older adults included grandparents being a source of physical affection and that spending time with grandparents was fun. Older adults were frequently portrayed as grandparents and rarely depicted in other roles. While grandparenthood may be a common role for older adults, older adults also occupy other roles and that should be better reflected in children’s media. However, some authors did include depictions of older adults identifying as LGBTQ+, demonstrating an awareness that older adults are also included in this community. Overall, older adults were more likely to be portrayed as loving and caring in children’s literature compared to television. PBS Kids compared to Disney+ was more likely to depict older adults positively as wise and knowledgeable.
SHARED SOCIAL ACCOUNT: UNDERSTANDING INTERGENERATIONAL COLLABORATION AND INTERACTION ON XIAOHONGSHU
Authors: Sun Tongxin , Jin Tongtong , Zhang Qiong , Liu Yuanyuan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Xiaohongshu, a social media platform in China known for lifestyle sharing through text, images, and videos, is predominantly popular among the younger generation. It has seen a remarkable uptick in older adult users in the post-pandemic era, with a notable phenomenon in “shared accounts” that feature content co-created by grandparent-grandchild pairs. These accounts have garnered significant attention for their unique intergenerational content and elicited emotional resonance within young audiences. Our study utilized a mixed-methods approach, including web scraping and interviews, to investigate the motivations and experiences underpinning the content creation process on these shared accounts. Through cluster analysis of content topics and in-depth interviews with four grandparent-grandchild pairs actively managing shared accounts, we explored their creative collaboration process and the influence of digital technology. Our research uncovered a symbiotic exchange of knowledge between generations: grandparents shared their life wisdom and experiences, while grandchildren introduced them to digital platforms and current social trends, enabling the transformation of shared narratives into media forms accessible to a wider audience. This collaborative creation process not only enhanced emotional communication within families but also fostered intergenerational social interactions externally. However, grandparents, due to their lack of perceived confidence in digital literacy, typically tended to pass control to their grandchildren for the restructuring of narratives, leading to technological disparities within the shared account. This study sheds light on the influence of technology on collaborative narratives across generations and discusses ways to advance technological equity to empower older adults in achieving self-expression and meaningful social engagement.
THE BENEFITS OF INTERGENERATIONAL REMINISCENCE AND DST ON THE WELL-BEING OF YOUNG ADULT PARTICIPANTS
Authors: Xu Ling , Fields Noelle , Daniel Kathryn , Cipher Daisha , Troutman Brooke 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
Intergenerational contact between older people and young adults have many benefits for both young and older generations. An intergenerational reminiscence and DST project was conducted with young adult college students calling older partners each week for 10 weeks. This study reported the benefits of this project in improving the well-being of young adult participants.

Method
A randomized control trial was used to assess the effects of the intervention. Participants of young and older adults were randomly paired and assigned to Reminiscence (n = 55) or sham (Social Wellness, n = 48) group. Data were collected at baseline, mid- intervention, at the end of the intervention. Linear mixed models (LMM) were performed to compare the Social Wellness group with the Reminiscence group on levels of loneliness, attitudes toward aging, and knowledge of Alzheimer’s’ Disease (AD) among the student participants.

Results
Results from LMM revealed no significant effects for group or time on attitudes toward aging. However, the groups significantly differed on their changes over time in loneliness. LMM revealed a significant interaction between group and time, t(101) = -3.06, p =.003. The two groups also significantly differed on their changes over time in knowledge. LMM revealed a significant interaction between group and time, t(101) = 2.51, p =.014.

Discussion
Results suggest that weekly intergenerational engagements with older adults benefit young adult college students with loneliness and knowledge of AD. Implications for research and programs in improving the well-being of young adults are discussed.
CAREGIVING OUTCOMES AMONG INFORMAL CAREGIVERS OF PERSONS WITH MULTIMORBIDITY AND DEMENTIA: A SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Liu Ruotong , Peak Katherine D , Trubits Em , Quiñones Ana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
An emerging field of research involves caregiving among older adults with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia (ADRD) and co-occurring chronic conditions (ADRD-multimorbidity). This scoping review aims to assess, synthesize, and identify gaps in the body of literature on caregiving outcomes among informal caregivers of individuals with ADRD-multimorbidity. We adhered to the scoping review framework by Arksey and O’Malley (2005) and Levac and colleagues (2010), which encompassed five steps: 1) identify the research question(s), delineate the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 2) search for relevant studies, 3) select studies, 4) chart the data, and 5) collate, summarize, and report results. Electronic databases including Ovid Medline, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycINFO were searched to identify relevant studies. A total of 1856 articles were identified and 29 were included in the final review. The majority of studies were quantitative, cross-sectional studies. The two most commonly examined caregiving outcomes were caregiver burden and psychological wellbeing. Most research on caregiver outcomes treated care recipients’ cognitive impairment and chronic conditions separately, rather than exploring their interaction. Most studies examining caregiver burden utilized Zarit Burden Index and its variants. Specific psychological wellbeing outcomes displayed great variability across studies. Despite challenges in synthesizing the extensive variability in the way cognitive status, ADRD-multimorbidity, and caregiving outcomes were measured, included, and reported, this review underscores the intricate challenges of caregiving, especially when dealing with both cognitive impairments and co-occurring chronic conditions. This complexity underscores the need for a deeper understanding of the diverse needs facing caregivers of people with ADRD-multimorbidity.
DAILY SLEEP HEALTH AMONG WORKING INFORMAL CAREGIVERS OF OLDER ADULTS: DELVING INTO CAREGIVING DEMANDS
Authors: Cho Eunae , Chen Tuo Yu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Caregiving demands are a key stressor, but little is known about the relationship between caregiving demands and sleep health among working informal caregivers of older adults. We conducted a 5-day daily diary study to examine the relationship between caregiving demands and sleep health among working informal caregivers of older adults in Singapore (N=193). For each day, we examined ‘anticipated caregiving difficulty’ in the morning; in the evening, we assessed ‘total hours spent on caregiving,’ ‘total number of care activities (e.g., personal care, toileting, running errands),’ and ‘experienced caregiving difficulty.’ We further explored their interaction effects on sleep health. Covariates included sociodemographic status, self-rated health, depressive symptoms, and care recipients’ functional status. We found that anticipating more caregiving difficulty in the morning was significantly associated with poor sleep health in the evening on top of covariates and actual caregiving demands. We also found a significant interaction between ‘anticipated caregiving difficulty’ and ‘experienced caregiving difficulty.’ Specifically, the relationship between experienced caregiving difficulty in the evening and poorer sleep health was stronger among individuals who anticipated a lower level of difficulty that morning (1SD-lower). Individuals who anticipated a higher level of caregiving difficulty in the morning (1SD-higher) had worse sleep health in the evening regardless of the level of caregiving difficulty experienced during the day. Our findings suggest that the impacts of ‘anticipated caregiving difficulty’ on sleep health go beyond actual caregiving difficulty experienced. The mismatch between anticipated and experienced caregiving difficulty plays a role in sleep health at night.
DOES PSYCHOLOGICAL FLEXIBILITY MEDIATE CARE-RELATED STRESS ON QUALITY OF LIFE FOR DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS?
Authors: Fauth Elizabeth , Aller Ty , Gossner Jacob , Juhasz Audrey , Levin Michael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Caregivers of individuals with dementia experience care-related burden and stressful reactions to behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) which can negatively impact multiple domains of life, including decreased global quality of life (QoL). Transdiagnostic interventions, such as those using Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) benefit dementia caregivers by addressing underlying mechanisms that impact depression, anxiety, QoL, and more. The transdiagnostic mechanism in ACT is psychological flexibility. The current study used pre-intervention (T1), post-intervention (T2) and 6-week followup (T3) data from a study of caregivers using a 6-session online, self-guided ACT program, tailored to dementia caregiving. Stepwise regression analyses (N=79) tested longitudinal mediation, examining if T2 psychological flexibility (CompACT; Francis et al., 2016), explained associations between T1 caregiver burden (Bédard et al., 2001) and T3 QoL (de Boer et al., 2004). A similar model used T1 stress reactivity of BPSD (Teri et al., 1992) as the independent variable, instead of burden. Based on correlations, both models controlled for whether the caregiver lived with the care receiver. Results indicate that psychological flexibility partially mediated the impact of burden on QoL, and fully mediated the impact of stress reactivity on QoL. Findings suggests that psychological flexibility may be an important mechanism in mitigating the impact that care-specific stress experiences have on global QoL. Caregivers often cannot leave this role, requiring them to learn to live with care-related stress in ways that do not damage their long-term wellbeing. Psychological flexibility is amenable to intervention and ACT offers promising solutions in dementia caregivers.
EARLY PARENT–CHILD RELATIONSHIPS, BURDEN, AND SUPPORT AMONG ADULT CHILDREN OF PARENTS WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Wood Kristie , Chow Denise , Vu Thi Hoang , Monin Joan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Research has demonstrated that greater childhood adversity is associated with poor mental health in older adult family caregivers. Yet, it is unknown whether early parent-child relationship quality is more specifically associated with adult children’s caregiver burden and perceived support from their parents living with cognitive impairment. We examined associations between early life parent-child relationship quality, current caregiver burden, and adult children’s perceived support from their parents, among adult children of parents living with early-stage dementia. Adult children of parents living with cognitive impairment (n=144, m=47.53, sd=11.2, Non-Hispanic=92%, White=72%) completed the following self-report measures: Parental Bonding Inventory, Zarit Burden Interview, and Perceived Partner Responsiveness Scale. Multiple linear regression models revealed children who identified more care, less overprotection, and optimal parenting in their early parent-child relationships reported greater current perceived support from their parents. However, there was no statistically significant association found between early parent-child relationship quality and caregiver burden. Our findings indicate that while early positive relationship quality may be indicative of adult children’s future perceptions of support from their parents with early-stage dementia, it may not buffer against perceptions of caregiver burden. Overall, results highlight that early parent-child relationship quality may have consequences for caregiving relationships in later life. Future research is needed to explore mechanisms of early parent-child relationship quality and perceptions of support that are associated with caregiver outcomes.
OVER SIX TIMES INCREASED RISK OF SUICIDAL IDEATION IN FAMILY CAREGIVERS WITH HISTORY OF CHILDHOOD ABUSE: THE ROLE OF NEUROTICISM
Authors: Jain Felipe , Gutierrez-Ramirez Paulina , Zea Miranda , Gomez Liliana Ramirez 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Despite high reported rates of suicidal ideation (SI) in family caregivers of persons living with dementia, little is known about the relationship between SI and intergenerational trauma. Those with a history of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) such as neglect and abuse are known to have worse psychological coping skills and higher rates of mental disorders. Personality factors might be mechanistically related to SI in family caregivers, but this has never been tested. We undertook an analysis of the association between intergenerational trauma, measured with the Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) questionnaire, and a measure of SI from the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms-Self Report, in 81 caregivers of family members living with dementia. We further analyzed whether neuroticism mediated the relationship between ACE and SI. 22% of caregivers exhibited passive SI, and 69% at least 1 ACE. 89% of caregivers with SI reported intergenerational trauma (ACE &gt;= 1), versus 63% of those without SI (p=.04). SI was 4.6x as likely in those with ACE &gt;= 1 than in those without. The odds ratio for SI for those who had experienced childhood neglect was 4.4 (p=.05), and for those reporting childhood abuse was 6.8 (p=.01). Neuroticism significantly mediated the relationship between ACE exposure and SI (p&lt;.05). The risk of SI in family caregivers with history of intergenerational trauma was high in this sample. The relationship between intergenerational trauma, neuroticism, and SI in family caregivers should be further explored and could represent a new treatment target to improve the efficacy of caregiver therapies.
PERCEIVED EFFICACY OF TWO NONPHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS: A QUALITATIVE EXPLORATION OF CAREGIVERS OF DEMENTIA
Authors: Inoue Megumi , Tompkins Catherine , Ihara Emily , Layman Shannon , Lauber McKenzie , Kim Sewon , Gimm Gilbert 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We will present findings from the qualitative component of an explanatory sequential design that investigated the efficacy of two nonpharmacological interventions: the Stress Busting Program (SBP) for Family Caregivers™ and a personalized music intervention for care recipients living with dementia. After implementing the 9-week SBP program focused on reducing caregiving-related stress among 97 family caregivers of persons living with dementia, we randomly assigned participants into a 4-week personalized music intervention group and a control group to examine effects on stress and well-being. Quantitative findings revealed a significant reduction in mean caregiver burden scores associated with SBP, but not for the personalized music intervention. We observed varied levels of caregiver and care recipient engagement with the personalized music intervention. To gain a deeper understanding of these results, we conducted 12 focus groups and interviews with study participants to explore caregivers’ perspectives and experiences with each intervention. Constant comparative analysis and substantive coding by two independent reviewers were employed to analyze transcripts of audio recordings with 47 caregivers, selected from the initial study cohort. The theme of bonding/connecting with group members emerged as the most effective SBP element. Also, caregivers valued the opportunity to establish a sense of community by connecting with other caregivers within SBP. However, some caregivers experienced technological difficulties with using an MP3 player for the music intervention. We will present cross-cutting themes and overall lessons learned about strategies to enhance the use of these nonpharmacological interventions.
A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FRAILTY AND HEALTH CARE OUTCOMES
Authors: Cho Jinmyoung , Salas Joanne , Scherrer Jeffery 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Frailty increases vulnerability for adverse outcomes in older adults. Characterizing the prevalence and distribution of frailty can help guide healthcare service decision-making and policy. This study evaluated the association between frailty and healthcare utilization and interactions by demographic characteristics. Using electronic health records (2018-2022), we conducted a retrospective cohort study with 355,266 patients ≥65 years of age who had ≥2 ambulatory office visits in separate years in the 4-year baseline period (2018-2021). The Gilbert Frailty Index (GFI) was calculated (low vs. intermediate vs. high risk) using ICD-10 codes. One-year utilization outcomes in 2022 included high outpatient clinic utilizations (OCU), inpatient (IP), emergency department (ED), and nursing home (NH) admissions. Fully adjusted log-binomial regression models were calculated overall and by race (White vs. Black), age groups, and sex. The sample was 74.5(±7.5) years of age, 57.7% female, 89.2% White, and 13.5% categorized as GFI high risk. After adjustment for covariates, GFI high risk had the highest risk for all outcomes (RR=3.31 for IP; 2.77 for ED; 4.26 for NH; 1.60 for high OCU). We observed significant interactions by race, sex, and age for each outcome. Effects of GFI high vs. low risk were larger for White (IP, ED, & high OCU), female patients (ED & high OCU), and younger patients (IP). Conversely, the effects of GFI high vs. low risk was strongest in older patients for ED, IP and high OCU. Monitoring frailty and paying attention to patient’s demographic characteristics is needed to best estimate associations between frailty and health utilization.
BODY COMPOSITION AND ANTHROPOMETRICS OF OLDER ADULTS AT DIFFERING LEVELS OF URBANIZATION IN CHINA
Authors: Spangler Hillary , Michelson Lisa , Howard Annie Green , Tien Hsaio , Lynch David , Du Shufa , Gordon-Larsen Penny , Batsis John 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Less urbanized areas in China are associated with higher risk of developing frailty. We aim to identify differences in the relationship between body composition and urbanization.

Methods
Using the China Health and Nutrition Survey data in 2015, we included community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 with bioelectrical impedance data assessing fat mass and fat-free mass (body composition). Urbanization was based on a multi-component index (0-120 points) based on 12 community-level variables, with lower scores indicating lower urbanization. Latent class analysis was used to identify underlying heterogeneous patterns of body composition classes. Continuous and categorical variables were compared using Chi-squared and ANOVA tests, respectively.

Results
Of 1,424 participants, 55% were female, mean age 72.0±5.9 and BMI 23.8±3.6. Three of the five best fitting classes aligned with robust (n=517, moderate BMI, body fat, muscle), pre-frail (n=602, low BMI, low body fat, low muscle), and frail (n=211, lowest BMI, % body fat, and muscle) statuses. Urbanization index was significantly different between the five classes (p&lt; 0.001). Urbanization index was lowest (65.1) for class that aligned with frailty; mean age 72.0 ±5.9, 54.7% female. The class aligning with robust status was associated with higher urbanization index (71.6); mean age 71.9 ±5.7, 54.6% female.

Discussion
Older adults with body composition consistent with frailty had a lower level of urbanization. Urbanization level may influence body composition in China.
FRAILTY IN INTERMEDIATE CARE FACILITIES THROUGH LIFE (LONG-TERM CARE INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR EVIDENCE) IN JAPAN
Authors: Sakai Tomomichi , Visvanathan Renuka , Jadczak Agathe Daria , Umegaki Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Long-term care Information system For Evidence (LIFE) was introduced to improve care for older adults based on scientific evidence in 2021 within the Japanese long-term care insurance framework. The aim of this study was to reveal the prevalence of frailty among residents in intermediate care facilities and identify factors associated with the frailty using data collected for the emerging system. This retrospective and cross-sectional study included residents aged 65 years or above who had complete data for assessing frailty. Data was collected between April 2021 and November 2023 at 4 intermediate care facilities. Residents were classified as non-frail, frail, or most-frail using the FRAIL-NH scale by fitting variables in the LIFE data that were most appropriate for each component of the FRAIL-NH scale. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to explore factors associated with being most-frail using variables covering broad areas such as sociodemographic information, nutrition, oral function, and cognition. 907 residents were included for analysis; their mean age was 85.9 (standard deviation 7.2) years, and 63.7% were female. Among them, 5.7%, 33.8%, and 60.4% were categorized as non-frail, frail, and most-frail. The necessity of a dysphagia diet, easily choking, and dementia status and symptoms were shown to be significantly associated with being most-frail using the reference of not being most-frail. The current results indicate the potential for frailty assessment using data that recently started being collected routinely across Japan. Future studies of the predictive role of frailty against prognosis should promote care delivery stratified by frailty assessment.