bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistent marked cerebrospinal fluid eosinophilia in a dog with primary central nervous system histiocytic sarcoma
Authors: Corsini Giulia , Sanchez‐Masian Daniel , Verin Ranieri , Cooper Camilla , Piviani Martina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA 6‐year‐old female spayed Jack Russell Terrier was evaluated for episodic seizure‐like activity and intermittent obtundation over the previous 3 weeks. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed mild generalized dilation of the ventricular system with periventricular edema. A focal area of mildly increased lepto‐ and pachymeningeal contrast uptake in the region of the right parietal and occipital lobes was observed. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) revealed marked mixed pleocytosis with 20% eosinophils and no atypical cells or microorganisms. The dog transiently improved with prednisolone for suspected eosinophilic meningoencephalitis/meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin (MUO) but worsened over the following 5 months. Brain MRI and CSF sampling were repeated. Additional multifocal lesions were evident in the brainstem and cerebellum. On CSF analysis, the eosinophilic pleocytosis and increased total protein persisted. The clinical signs progressed despite treatment, and the patient was euthanized 6 weeks later. A post‐mortem examination was performed. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry revealed a multifocal neoplastic proliferation of cells in the brain, diffusely and strongly positive for ionized calcium‐binding adapter molecule (Iba‐1) and negative for AE1/AE3 pan‐cytokeratin and glial‐fibrillar‐acid‐protein (GFAP) immunostaining, consistent with a diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma (HS). No other organic lesions were found; therefore, the neoplasm was considered a primary HS of the central nervous system (CNS). This case report stresses the importance of considering primary CNS HS in the differential diagnosis of dogs with marked CSF eosinophilia, even in the absence of atypical cells on cytologic examination.
Assessment of Combustion and Acoustic Characteristics of Scenedesmus dimorphus Blended With Hydrogen Fuel on Internal Combustion Engine
Authors: Shen Tianhao , Wu Yingji , Alahmadi Tahani Awad , Alharbi Sulaiman Ali , Maroušek Josef , Xia Changlei , Praveenkumar T. R. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Biodiesel, which may be produced from crops, animal fat, as well as waste products from both industrial and residential sectors, is one of the alternative fuels that are utilized extensively. These biodiesels may either be used on their own or combined with regular diesel. Because biodiesels are becoming increasingly popular as a substitute for fossil fuels, the amount of attention paid to studying them has been growing steadily over the past few years. However, the results on the features of the noise and vibration are still missing, and much more emphasis has to be placed on the study conducted in that particular field. In this study, the combustion, noise, and vibration properties of Scenedesmus dimorphus microalgae biodiesel were investigated both with and without the provision of hydrogen. At the rate of 5 l/min, the supply of hydrogen was made available. Both B10 (10% of Scenedesmus dimorphus microalgae biodiesel and 90% pure diesel) and B20 (20% of Scenedesmus dimorphus microalgae biodiesel and 80% pure diesel) were employed as the biodiesel compositions. In addition, the source of hydrogen was made available for the diesel in its purest form as well as the two biodiesel mixes that remained. The fuels that were obtained consisted of neat microalgae blends containing 0% microalgae B0H5, 10% microalgae B10H5, and 20% microalgae containing B20H5. In this study, the performance of pure diesel was compared to the findings obtained from hydrogen-enriched fuel blends, simple biodiesel blends, and a combination of the two. Each and every experimental test was carried out using a diesel engine with a single-cylinder, water cooling, and four strokes. The tests were carried out with the load varying 25% in-between from 0% to 100%. Based on the findings, it was discovered that increasing the proportion of biodiesel fuel and adding hydrogen to the engine both contributed to a reduction in the amount of vibration and noise that was generated by the vehicle. The combustion qualities were also improved by the mixing of hydrogen and biodiesel as hybrid fuel.
Small-Scale Toroidal Fluidized Bed Gasification System: Development and Experimental Aspects
Authors: Sharma Avdhesh Kr. , Antil Surender , Sachdeva Gulshan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article deals with system development and experimental aspects of a small-scale toroidal fluidized bed gasifier (TFBG) using sawdust feedstock (carpentry waste) with average particle size of 4.18 mm. The reactor and its accessories are designed and constructed. The experiments have been performed to highlight the influence of equivalence ratio on performance parameters (i.e., reaction temperatures, gas yield, gas composition, heating value, and cold gasification efficiency). For variation of equivalence ratio from 0.181 to 0.273 (average basis), the maximum temperature increase from 1015 to 1036 K, combustibles components CO, H2, and CH4 decrease from 16% to 14.9%, 16.3% to 15.3%, and 3.5% to 2.3%, respectively, and consequently, lower heating value (LHV) decreases from 5.454 to 4.716 MJ kg−1. On qualitative basis, the maximum cold gasification efficiency is observed to be 74% at equivalence ratio of 0.273, which is considerably higher than fixed bed gasification for sawdust. The overall uncertainty of experimental data is worked out to be ±3.41% (i.e., ≤5% within 95% confidence level).
Tribological Behaviors and Meshing Efficiency of a Novel Planar Ball Reducer Based on the Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Theory
Authors: Chen Zhou , Yang Xianmiao , Jiang Yibo , Tong Shuiguang , Tong Zheming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA novel planar ball reducer (NPBR) is invented in which the relative velocity of meshing surfaces is reduced to achieve high mechanical efficiency. In order to acquire an accurate quantitative analysis on the efficiency of a ball reducer, thorough comprehension of the reducer’s tribological behavior is required. To this end, the elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) theory, for the first time, is used to reveal the tribological behavior of the planer ball reducer, and the equations of kinematics, EHL model, and theoretical efficiency of the transmission system are derived. The prototype of NPBR is developed, and its experimental efficiency is measured, which agrees well with the theoretical efficiency.
A Surface Skewness and Kurtosis Integrated Stress Concentration Factor Model
Authors: Gu Huiqing , Jiao Li , Yan Pei , Guo Zhibo , Qiu Tianyang , Wang Xibin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Surface skewness and kurtosis are two crucial topography property indexes that greatly influence the functional performance of the machined surface. This paper proposes a modified model of stress concentration factor (SCF), which integrates these two surface texture parameters with the well-known standard surface roughness parameters (Arola's model). The relative weight of positive and negative heights of the surface is considered to describe the influence of the shape of the peaks and valleys on the stress concentration of the surface profile for the first time, meanwhile, without losing the effect of the standard surface roughness parameters. The performance of the modified model is studied by comparing it with the other two models involving various aspects of the functional performance of machined surfaces, including fatigue life, wear resistance, fretting crack nucleation, and initiation behaviors, as well as the surface bearing capability. The results indicate that by accounting for the surface skewness and kurtosis parameters, the modified model is more suitable for evaluating the SCF of machined surfaces, appropriately describing the correlation between surface texture and fatigue life and achieving a good prediction of fatigue life compared with the experimental results.
An Alternating Efficient Approach for Determination of the Non-Stationary Responses of Strongly Nonlinear Systems Driven by Random Excitations
Authors: Qian Jiamin , Chen Lincong , Sun Jian-Qiao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
An alternating efficient approach for predicting non-stationary response of randomly excited nonlinear systems is proposed by a combination of radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) and stochastic averaging method (SAM). First, the n-degree-of-freedom quasi-non-integrable-Hamiltonian (QNIH) system is reduced to a one-dimensional averaged Itô differential equation within the framework of SAM for QNIH. Subsequently, the associated Fokker–Planck–Kolmogorov (FPK) equation is solved with the RBFNN. Specifically, the solution of the associated FPK equation is expressed in a linear combination of a series of basis functions with time-correlation weights. These time-depended weights are solved by minimizing a loss function, which involves the residual of the differential equations and the constraint conditions. Three typical nonlinear systems are studied to verify the applicability of the developed scheme. Comparisons to the data generated by simulation technique indicate that the approach yields reliable results with high efficiency.
Asymptotic Analysis of Elastic Coupling in Anisotropic-Homogeneous Beam
Authors: Kumar Shakya Nishant , Padhee Srikant Sekhar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Elastic coupling is extensively used for passive control of modern structures. This design philosophy has been extensively explored in composite beams, which are inherently inhomogeneous and anisotropic. Such in-depth investigation is not available for homogeneous-anisotropic beams. This paper investigates elastic coupling in homogeneous-anisotropic beam with elliptical cross section using variational asymptotic method (VAM). It is observed that the mere introduction of anisotropy does not couple the system completely. The coupling is tuneable and tailorable, depending on the material properties, their spatial distribution (homogeneity/inhomogeneity), and the geometrical parameters of the beam.
Novel Non-Fourier Ice Heat Conduction Model Considering Latent Heat Via Specific Heat Capacity Functionalization and Its Potential Application
Authors: Fang Ruoshi , Song Ke , Zheng Bailin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are widely used in the automotive and aviation fields due to their high efficiency and environmental friendliness. However, the long starting time of fuel cell vehicles at low temperatures restricts large-scale commercialization. In this work, for the problem of rapid ice melting during a cold start, it is found that when Fourier’s law is adopted, the error is as much as three times higher compared with the non-Fourier heat conduction law, and for ice, the influence of latent heat cannot be ignored, so a novel non-Fourier ice heat conduction model considering latent heat via specific heat capacity functionalization is established. The results demonstrate that the temperature curve first remains unchanged with time and then changes suddenly after the arrival of the heat wave. When the temperature rises to the phase change range, the temperature hardly changes before the completion of the phase change, and then finally rises slowly. Changing the thermal relaxation time may significantly affect the temperature response. The research conclusions of this paper have scientific guiding significance for the materials and structures working in extreme thermal environments such as low temperatures and ultra-high temperature change rates, as well as the design of fuel cell vehicles.
Inpatient clinician workload: a scoping review protocol to understand the definition, measurement and impact of non-procedural clinician workloads
Authors: Smith Erica Mitchell , Keniston Angela , Welles Christine Cara , Vukovic Nemanja , McBeth Lauren , Harnke Ben , Burden Marisha 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionClinicians that care for hospitalised patients face unprecedented work conditions with exposure to highly infectious disease, exceedingly high patient numbers, and unpredictable work demands, all of which have resulted in increases in stress and burnout. Preliminary studies suggest that increasing workloads negatively affect inpatient clinician well-being and may negatively affect job performance; yet high workloads may be prioritised secondary to financial drivers or from workforce shortages. Despite this, the correlation between workload and these negative outcomes has not been fully quantified. Additionally, there are no clear measures for inpatient clinician workload and no standards to define ideal workloads. Using the protocol described here, we will perform a scoping review of the literature to generate a comprehensive understanding of how clinician workload of medical patients is currently defined, measured in clinical settings and its impact on the workforce, patients and institutional outcomes.Methods and analysisWe will follow the methodology outlined by Joanna Briggs Institute and Arksey and O’Malley to conduct a comprehensive search of major electronic databases including Ovid Medline (PubMed), Embase (Embase.com), PsycINFO, ProQuest Dissertations and Google Scholar. All relevant published peer-reviewed and dissertaion grey literature will be included. Data will be extracted using a standardised form to capture key article information. Results will be presented in a descriptive narrative format.Ethics and disseminationThis review does not require ethics approval though all included studies will be screened to ensure appropriate approval. The synthesis of this literature will provide a better understanding of the current state of work for inpatient clinicians, associated outcomes, and will identify gaps in the literature. These findings will be used in conjunction with an expert Delphi panel to identify measures of inpatient clinician workload to then guide the development of a novel workforce mobile application to actively track clinician work. We aim to lay the groundwork for future workforce studies to understand the optimal workloads that drive key outcomes for clinicians, patients and institutions.
Prospective multicentre randomised controlled trial of the effect ofBraun Enteroenterostomy in the Reconstruction after Pancreaticoduodenectomy on delayed gastric emptying (DGE): protocol for the BERP study
Authors: Gupta Saksham , Brown Kai , Lott Natalie , Carroll Rosemary , Burnett David , Nikfarjam Mehrdad 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionDespite advances in achieving low mortality rates with pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), morbidity remains high. A key contributor to this morbidity is delayed gastric emptying (DGE) occurring with an incidence of up to 30%. The utility of a Braun enteroenterostomy (BE) appears promising to reducing the incidence of DGE, but current research is not definitive.Methods and analysisThis project will be designed as a prospective multicentre randomised controlled blinded study to assess how BE effects the rate of DGE after PD in the setting of malignancy, within Australia—with blinding of patients, outcome assessors and data analysts. Patients will be randomly assigned to PD with Billroth II reconstruction with BE versus PD with Billroth II reconstruction without BE. The primary outcome is the incidence of DGE as defined by the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery. Secondary outcomes will include length of hospital stay, postoperative pancreatic fistula incidence, development of major complications (Clavien-Dindo≥3 a), quality of life and 90-day mortality.The study will be powered at 80% to detect a reduction in DGE rate from 30% to 15%, requiring a total of 264 study participants. An interim analysis will be performed once a total of 104 study participants have been recruited at which point the study will be able to detect reduction in DGE from 30% to 10% with 80% power. Statistical analysis will be done with intention-to-treat principles. The proportion of patients suffering DGE will be compared between treatment arms using a χ2test, with p values used to represent statistical significance.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been ethically approved by the Hunter New England Human Research Ethics Committee (2021/ETH11939), with results disseminated through presentation and publication.Trial registration numberCTRN12622000048785.
Optimization of Grinding Parameters of Tool Steel by the Soft Computing Technique
Authors: Hatami Omid , Sayadi Daniyal , Razbin Milad , Adibi Hamed 
Published: December 2022

Grinding is one of the most complex and accurate machining processes, and the efficiency of the grinding wheel depends significantly on its surface properties. This work aims to propose an algorithmic manner that reduces the cost and time to conduct grinding of an optimized DIN 1.2080 tool steel (SPK) using a soft computing technique to obtain the best combination of input parameters including depth of cut (20, 40, 60

μ
m

), wheel speed (15, 20, 25

m
/
s

), feed rate (100, 300, 500

m
m
/
s

), and incidence angle (0, 30, 45

d
e

g
r
e
e
s

) with respect to output parameters consisting of average surface roughness and specific grinding energy. According to the input parameters and their levels, an experiment using fractional factorial design of experiment (RFDOE) was designed. Later on, two parallel feed-forward backpropagation (FFBPNN) networks with similar topology made up of 4, 11, and 1 units in their input, hidden, and output layers are trained, respectively. After sensitivity analyses of networks for determination of the relative importance of input variables, a genetic algorithm (GA) adopting linear programming (LP) based on Euclidean distance is coupled to networks to seek out the best combinations of input parameters that result in minimum average surface roughness and minimum specific grinding energy. The findings revealed that RFDOE provides valid data for training FFBP networks with a total goodness value of more than 1.99 in both cases. The sensitivity analyses showed that feed rate (38.97%) and incidence angle (33.94%) contribute the most in the case of average surface roughness and specific grinding energy networks, respectively. Despite the similar surface quality based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the optimization resulted in an optimized condition of the depth of cut of 25.23

μ
m

, wheel speed of 15.02

m
m
/
s

, feed rate of 369.45

m
m
/
s

, and incidence angle of 44.98

d
e

g
r
e
e
s

, which had a lower cost value (0.0146) than the optimum one (0.0953). Thus, this study highlights that RFDOE with a hybrid optimization using FFBP networks-GA/LP can effectively minimize both average surface roughness and specific grinding energy of SPK.
Hildegard von Bingen: El sustrato de la salud y la enfermedad
Authors: Duarte García de Cortázar Ignacio 
Published: December 2022

Hildegard von Bingen, abadesa benedictina alemana del siglo XII, escribió Causas y remedios, libro en que expuso su sistema sobre la composición y funcionamiento del cuerpo humano. Este consta de un componente material: los cuatro elementos del universo y cuatro humores del cuerpo. Interviene un componente fisio-patológico, representado por el efecto de las cualidades de los elementos y los humores (flemas y livores) que activan el funcionamiento normal y anormal. El conjunto está regido por un componente espiritual: el alma infundida por Dios.Von Bingen desarrolla su pensamiento desde una perspectiva teológica basada en Dios creador del universo y de la humanidad. En cambio los autores hipocráticos precedentes se circunscribían al ámbito del hombre y de la naturaleza. Los humores hipocráticos conservaban cada uno sus propiedades; los hildegardianos modificaban sus cualidades dependiendo de la condición, sucesión, o mezcla en que participaban. La autora destaca la función de la médula ósea, las venas y la sangre por las reacciones que ocurrían en ellas entre los elementos y los humores. La médula imprimía fuerza y color rojo a la sangre; a veces formaba la sangre. Según Hildegard, la sangre fluía en las venas. En el siglo II Galeno pensaba que la sangre intravascular tenía un movimiento de flujo y reflujo, y que en su mayor parte se consumía en las venas después de transferir nutrientes al cuerpo.
Association of Lipoprotein (a) With Coronary-Computed Tomography Angiography–Assessed High-Risk Coronary Disease Attributes and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Authors: Dai Neng , Chen Zhangwei , Zhou Fan , Zhou You , Hu Nan , Duan Shaofeng , Wang Wei , Yu Yongfu , Zhang Longjiang , Qian Juying , Ge Junbo 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a risk factor for cardiovascular events. This study evaluated the relationship between Lp(a) and high-risk attributes by coronary computed tomography angiography as well as their prognostic value.

Methods:

Lp(a) and coronary computed tomography angiography from 377 consecutive patients at Zhongshan Hospital (Shanghai, China) were evaluated. High-risk attributes were defined as high-risk morphological attributes (low attenuation plaque, positive remodeling, napkin-ring sign, spotty calcification, minimum lumen area <4 mm
2
, or plaque burden [ratio between cross-sectional plaque area at the site of maximum stenosis and cross-sectional vessel area] ≥70%); inflammatory attribute represented by fat attenuation index; high-risk physiological attributes [lesion-specific ischemia defined by fractional flow reserve by coronary computed tomography angiography ≤0.8, physiologic diffuseness defined by fractional flow reserve by coronary computed tomography angiography pullback pressure gradient]. Total plaque volume in mm
3
was also quantified. Quintiles or binary classification of Lp(a) levels were used to evaluate its relationships with plaque features and clinical outcomes with ANOVA, Cox models, and log-rank tests, as appropriate. The major adverse cardiovascular event included cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization.

Results:

Lp(a) was significantly associated with total plaque volume (
P
=0.004), fat attenuation index (
P
=0.031), and fractional flow reserve by coronary computed tomography angiography pullback pressure gradient (
P
=0.038). Patients with a high Lp(a) level had a higher total plaque volume (393.3 mm
3
versus 293.9 mm
3
,
P
<0.001), lower pullback pressure gradient (0.62 versus 0.69,
P
=0.023), higher fat attenuation index (−70.5HU versus −73.9HU,
P
=0.004), and higher incidence of major adverse cardiovascular event (14.5% versus 6.3%, adjusted hazard ratio: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.12–5.63,
P
=0.025). In a 4-group classification according to Lp(a) and high-risk attributes, patients with high Lp(a) and ≥3 high-risk attributes had the highest risk of major adverse cardiovascular event (25.9%; overall
P
<0.001). Causal mediation analysis revealed that around 40% of the prognostic effect of Lp(a) was mediated by high-risk attributes.

Conclusions:
Lp(a) level is associated with coronary computed tomography angiography high-risk characteristics, including morphologic, physiologic, and inflammatory attributes as well as major adverse cardiovascular event. This effect is partly mediated by inflammation and vulnerable plaque.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT05323227