bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preventive Care Utilization among Rural vs. Urban Women 12 Months Prior to Pregnancy
Authors: Burns Reece , Keomany Jennifer , Okut Hayrettin , Ablah Elizabeth , Montgomery Holly 
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Pregnancy-related mortality in the United States occurs in 32.3 per 100,000 live births. Rural maternal mortality rates are even higher, and these patients are less likely to receive routine care. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to compare primary and prenatal care and health behaviors among perinatal mothers living in rural and urban Kansas.
Methods. Data were collected from 1,971 pregnant women who participated in Phase 8 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) for Kansas between 2016 and 2018. Respondent location (urban or rural based on NIH classification) was abstracted from birth certificates and frequencies of healthcare visits and secondary healthcare variables were compared.
Results. Most respondents (75.1%, n = 1,481) resided in an urban area. Most (80.4%, n=1664) women were Caucasian, and 31.1% (n = 613) were 25 to 29 years old. More urban women reported having insurance via employer pre-pregnancy (P = .017) and during pregnancy (P = .015) than rural women. More urban women reported visiting an obstetrician/gynecologist within 12 months before pregnancy than rural women (P < .0001). Urban women reported attending pre-pregnancy dental visits (P = .019) and teeth cleanings (P = .004) more than rural women. Of the 35.7% of respondents (n = 516) who reported receiving pre-pregnancy counseling on folic acid, prenatal vitamins, or multivitamins, 78.9%, (n = 407) resided in an urban area.
Conclusions. Rural women reported fewer routine primary and prenatal care behaviors compared to their urban counterparts. Efforts are needed to improve access to obstetrician/gynecologist services, especially for women in rural areas.
Las nuevas cárceles en Ecuador: un ecosistema para la reproducción del crimen complejo
Authors: Pontón Daniel 
Published: August 2022

La actual crisis del sistema penitenciario en Ecuador a partir de las masacres registradas en los últimos años ha llamado la atención de varias organizaciones nacionales e internacionales en materia de Derechos Humanos. Pese a ello, la ausencia de eficacia en poner un alto por parte del Estado a esta violencia ha llevado a la presunción de que las cárceles se han constituido en un “ecosistema criminal” perfecto para la proliferación del crimen organizado internacional. Esta investigación busca analizar los factores coadyuvantes que han permitido convertir la infraestructura de las supercárceles ecuatorianas en un adaptativo y peligroso ecosistema de criminalidad compleja que actualmente muestra nuevas y alarmantes formas de violencia. En este sentido, a través de técnicas cualitativas de revisión documental, estadísticas oficiales, entrevistas y reportes periodísticos de investigación, este artículo analiza la dinámica delincuencial del sistema penitenciario del Ecuador entre los años 2019-2021. Se argumenta que la embestida del narcotráfico, la política criminal y la dinámica delictiva y social del sistema penitenciario se han convertido en un ecosistema con capacidad de reproducción del crimen organizado a escala regional. Este escenario complejo genera la necesidad de tener una dimensión integral del problema al que se enfrenta el Ecuador. Es necesario entonces tener una visión holística y sustentable a largo plazo en la intervención para alterar estos factores de beneficio y proyección criminal.
Para-cardiac Inflammatory Mass Compressing the Heart
Authors: Mirdamadi Ahmad , Sadeghi Amir MM , Sadeghi Mohsen MM , Rabani Majid , Hassanzadeh Shakiba 
Published: August 2022

Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 usually affects the lungs but may also involve other organs such as the heart. We report a case of a para-cardiac mass in a previously healthy 45-year-old man who developed persistent dyspnea following SARS-CoV-2 infection. The patient underwent cardiac surgery since the mass was attached to the pericardium and was causing constrictive pericarditis. The pathology report indicated an inflammatory pattern for the mass. Based on our knowledge there has been no previous report of developing a para-cardiac inflammatory mass after SARS-CoV-2 infection. In conclusion, we would like to increase awareness regarding the possibility of developing a para-cardiac inflammatory mass following COVID-19.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; Pericarditis; Constrictive pericarditis; COVID-19; Cardiac tumor; Mediastinal tumor.
Convergence Analysis of Havelock-Type Eigenfunction Expansions for Hydroelastic Problems in Water having Infinite Depth
Authors: Koley Santanu 
Published: August 2022

The present paper demonstrates the point-wise convergence of the Havelock-type eigenfunction expansion to the velocity potentials associated with the water waves interaction with flexible plate and membranes in water having infinite depth. To consider the higher-order boundary condition at the mean free surface of the water domain, flexible plate and membranes are assumed to float in the mean water level. In the convergence analysis procedure, firstly, the havelock-type eigenfunction expansion for the unknown velocity potentials associated with the physical problems are obtained. Hereafter, a suitable Green's function is developed for the associated physical problem. Using the developed Green's function and the associated properties, the vertical components of the Havelock-type eigenfunction expansion is expressed in terms of the Dirac delta function. Finally, using appropriate properties of the Dirac delta function, the point-wise convergence of the Havelock-type eigenfunction expansion is demonstrated.
Congruences for Overpartition Pairs with Restricted Odd Differences
Authors: Naika M. S. Mahadeva , Harishkumar T. 
Published: August 2022

Let b-(k) (n) denote the number of overpartition pairs of n where (i) consecutive parts di?er by a multiple of k + 1 unless the larger of the two is overlined, and (ii) the smallest part is overlined unless it is divisible by k+1. We prove many in?nite families of congruences modulo powers of 2 and 3 for b-(2) (n) and congruences modulo 4 and 5 for b-(4) (n). For example, for all n ? 0 and ?,? ? 0, b-(4)(4·34? ·52?(5n + i) + 34? ·52?)? 0 (mod 5),where i = 3,4.
O PARADIGMA DA MODERNIZAÇÃO AGRÍCOLA COMO PEDAGOGÍA DA DESIGUALDADE NAS ÁREAS RURAIS DA AMÉRICA LATINA
Authors: Ferro Silvia Lilian 
Published: August 2022

Este ensaio pretende contribuir para a compreensão da natureza construída históricamente, das assimetrias hierárquicas nas quais se apoiam as estruturas sócio-agrárias que permitiram modelos exportadores agrícolas da América do Sul, considerados bem sucedidos pela alta participação de commodities agrícolas em suas balanças comerciais na atualidade. A análise dos processos históricos pode explicar o surgimento e a sobrevivência nas zonas rurais das hierarquias étnicas, de gênero e geracionais na América do Sul. Nesta linha de pensamento torna-se relevante o advento da Revolução Verde, a partir da segunda metade do século XX, promovido pelos ideários do Desenvolvimentismo que basearam as suas expectativas de conquista do progresso indefinido através da inovação tecnológica e modernização das estruturas políticas, econômicas e sociais. Nas áreas rurais, essa ideologia foi chamada de modernização agrária. A modernização agrícola, base epistemológica para a divulgação e adopção do pacote tecnológico, teve origem no Norte Global. Para aceitação pelas comunidades rurais em países em desenvolvimento se usou uma pedagogia específica: o Extensionismo Rural. Os Estados Nacionais assumiram um papel de liderança através da criação de organismos estatais especializados deslocando o foco da tradicional e preexistente Assistência Técnica para a Extensão Rural. A modernização agrícola cumpriu a expectativa de aumentar expressivamente a produtividade agrícola, mas também aprofundou e recriou hierarquias étnicas, de gênero, geracionais e territoriais que frustraram as expectativas das pessoas no momento em que assumiram que o crescimento exponencial da riqueza e da produtividade, através da inovação tecnológica, juntamente com a gestão racional baseada em princípios de otimização e eficiência poderiam erradicar as desigualdades enraizadas nas estruturas sociais, especialmente rurais.
Dimensions of Transformational Leadership Headmaster
Authors: Effendi Mukhlison , Maunah Binti 
Published: August 2022

Leadership has a decisive position in the organization. Leaders who carry out their leadership effectively can lead others to achieve the goals; on the contrary, leaders as figures have no influence. Their leadership promotes weak organizational performance, which turns it into a downturn. This study aims to examine the dimensions of the principal's transformational leadership and its urgency for reform. By employing the literature study method, this study depicted that to run the principal's transformational leadership smoothly; they must apply all dimensions of idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individual consideration. Suppose the principal can apply the 4I dimensions of transformational leadership. In that case, as a leader of educational institutions, the principal succeeds in bringing changes to educational organizations for the better. Kepemimpinan memiliki kedudukan yang menentukan dalam organisasi. Pemimpin yang melaksanakan kepemimpinannya secara efektif dapat menggerakkan orang/personel ke arah tujuan yang dicita-citakan, sebaliknya pemimpin yang keberadaannya hanya sebagai figur, tidak memiliki pengaruh, kepemimpinannya dapat mengakibatkan lemahnya kinerja organisasi, yang pada akhirnya dapat menciptakan keterpurukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah dimensi kepemimpinan transformasional kepala sekolah dan urgensinya terhadap pembaharuan. Dengan metode studi pustaka dapat dipaparkan bahwa agar kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dapat berjalan lancar, kepala sekolah harus mampu menerapkan seluruh dimensi idealiced influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation dan individual consideration. Apabila kepala sekolah mampu menerapkan dimensi 4I kepemimpinan transformasional tersebut, maka kepala sekolah sebagai pemimpin lembaga pendidikan akan berhasil membawa perubahan pada organisasi pendidikan ke arah lebih baik.
Strategy Analysis of ZIS Fund Collection During the Covid-19 Pandemic at Baznas DKI Jakarta Province
Authors: Dafiq Muhammad Ilman , Rohim Ade Nur , Priyatno Prima Dwi 
Published: August 2022

During the Covid-19 pandemic, Muslims in Indonesia have high awareness to help each other on religious social matters, such as Zakat, Infaq, and Shadaqah (ZIS). Covid-19 pandemic requires ZIS gathering institutions in Indonesia such as Baznas to innovate in conducting service activities to the community, especially ZIS gathering. This needs to be done to facilitate community and reduce the risk of spreading the virus through crowding activities. Suitable strategy is required in order for ZIS can collection services to continue to run even with limited conditions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the strategy carried out by Baznas DKI Jakarta Province in collecting ZIS during Covid-19 Pandemic and analyze the supporting factors and inhibitory factors of the implementation of the strategy carried out by the Baznas DKI Jakarta Province. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative using SWOT analysis. The study used primary data through interviews. As well as secondary data through observation and documentation of previous research, company profile, and books. The results of the study showed Baznas DKI Jakarta Province has supporting factors and inhibitory factors, among others related to the digitization of ZIS, government policies, and awareness of carrying out ZIS payments.
Students’ Satisfaction Level of English Online Learning at SMPN 1 Ampek Angkek
Authors: Oktaviani Resi 
Published: August 2022

This research was conducted because the researcher found several problems, namely: Some students difficult to understand the material, Limited internet network access, and Most students are looked less enthusiastic about learning online. This study aims to see the students' satisfaction level of English online learning.This type of research is survey research. The population and sample of this study were class VIII SMP N 1 ampek angkek. Where this research uses the incidental technique. The data collection technique is through a questionnaire or questionnaire as an instrument. The data analysis technique is collecting data, tabulate the data, calculate the data to average, and interpret the data. Based on the results of research and data analysis, the research found that students satisfaction in implementing online learning on the learning technologies item, the results showed that the students were quite satisfied with the learning carried out, namely the data obtained (64,92%). Students' satisfaction in the item pedagogical models shows that students were quite satisfied with the data obtained (71,51%). And students' satisfaction in online learning with the instructional strategy item shows the results that students are quite satisfied with the data obtained (64,08%). Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the students in class eight at SMP N 1 Ampek Angkek are quite satisfied with English online learning that has been done by obtaining 66,83% data which means quite satisfied.
Discovery of associative patterns between workplace sound level and physiological wellbeing using wearable devices and empirical Bayes modeling
Authors: Sriniva Karthik , Currim Faiz , Lindberg Casey , Razjouyan Javad , Gilligan Brian , Lee Hyoki , Canada Kelli , Goebel Nicole , Mehl Matthias , Lunden Melissa , Heerwagen Judith , Najafi Bijan , Sternberg Esther , Kampschroer Kevin , Ram Sudha 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We conducted a field study using multiple wearable devices on 231 federal office workers to assess the impact of the indoor environment on individual wellbeing. Past research has established that the workplace environment is closely tied to an individual’s wellbeing. Since sound is the most-reported environmental factor causing stress and discomfort, we focus on quantifying its association with physiological wellbeing. Physiological wellbeing is represented as a latent variable in an empirical Bayes model with heart rate variability measures – SDNN and normalized-HF as the observed outcomes and with exogenous factors including sound level as inputs. We find that an individual’s physiological wellbeing is optimal when sound level in the workplace is at 50 dBA. At lower (<50dBA) and higher (>50dBA) amplitude ranges, a 10 dBA increase in sound level is related to a 5.4% increase and 1.9% decrease in physiological wellbeing respectively. Age, body-mass-index, high blood pressure, anxiety, and computer use intensive work are person-level factors contributing to heterogeneity in the sound-wellbeing association.
Are rehabilitation interventions effective for kinesiophobia and pain in osteoarthritis? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Chen Yongkang , Zheng Jiaqi , Hou Meijin , Chai Yatai , Lin Ziling , Liu Benke , Liu Lu , Fu Shengxing , Wang Xiangbin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground Kinesiophobia is an excessive and misunderstood feeling in the osteoarthritis (OA) population, processing acute to subacute diseases and delaying functional recovery. The purpose of this study was to synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions to reduce kinesiophobia and pain intensity in individuals with OA. Methods A systematic search in 5 electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CNKI) was performed to identify RCTs comparing rehabilitation interventions with control interventions in OA. It was reported that changes in kinesiophobia and pain intensity were assessed as standardized mean difference (SMD) if outcomes were on the distinct scales with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). If heterogeneity (I2 > 50%) of the pooled effect is detected, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis would be necessary to evaluate the source of heterogeneity and eliminate it. Two independent reviewers assessed methodological quality using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool. The GRADEpro GDT was used to illustrate the quality of evidence. Results Twelve trials with 830 participants met eligibility criteria and were included in this review. The results demonstrate statistical significant difference favored kinesiophobia concerning the rehabilitation interventions [SMD difference: -0.55 (95% CI, -0.86 to -0.24)], physiotherapy [SMD difference: -0.36 (95% CI, -0.65 to -0.08)], psychotherapy [SMD difference: -1.42 (95% CI, -2.05 to -0.79)]. Also display difference for pain intensity was observed in rehabilitation interventions [SMD difference: -0.22 (95% CI, -0.37 to -0.07)], physiotherapy [SMD difference: -0.29 (95% CI: -0.45 to -0.13)], psychotherapy [SMD difference: -2.45 (95% CI, -3.61 to -1.30)]. Five studies reported adverse effects (n = 57), and only one participant suffered a severe adverse event. Conclusion Concerning OA, rehabilitation interventions were statistically effective for reducing kinesiophobia and pain intensity compared to control interventions. Overall, the degree of evidence was low to moderate.
Antiarrhythmic properties of Botulinum toxin A: in vitro studies on human and rat cardiomyocytes
Authors: Nizamieva Aygul , Frolova Sheida , Slotvitsky Mihail , Kovalenko Sandaara , Tsvelaya Valeria , Nikitina Anna , Sergeevichev David , Agladze Konstantin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Botulinum toxin A is a well-known neurotransmitter inhibitor with a wide range of applications in modern medicine. In recent years, botulinum toxin preparations have begun to be used in clinical trials to suppress cardiac arrhythmias, especially in the postoperative period. Its antiarrhythmic action is associated with inhibition of the nervous system of the heart, but the question of a direct effect on heart tissue remains unclear. In our work, we investigate the effect of botulinum toxin on isolated cardiac cells and on layers of cardiac cells capable of conducting excitation. As an object of research, cardiomyocytes of neonatal rat pups and human cardiomyocytes obtained through cell reprogramming were used. A patch-clamp study showed that the botulinum toxin inhibited fast sodium currents and L-type calcium currents in a dose-dependent manner, with no apparent effect on potassium currents. It was shown by optical mapping that in the presence of the botulinum toxin, the propagation of the excitation wave in the layer of cardiac cells slows down sharply, conduction at high concentrations becomes chaotic, but reentry waves do not form. It was found that the combination of the botulinum toxin with a preparation of chitosan has a stronger inhibitory effect by an order of magnitude. It was demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of the botulinum toxin is not permanent and disappears after 12 days of cell culture in a botulinum toxin-free medium.
Refining prey selection for cheetahs and lions: The influence of prey demography and season
Authors: Annear Eleesha , Minnie Liaan , Andrew Kaeleah , Kerley Graham 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Traditional prey preference models use a coarse species-specific prey body mass of three-quarters of adult female body mass, assumed to reflect the average mass across the prey population. This ignores demographic-specific prey preferences, potentially biasing estimates of preferred prey sizes. We refined prey selection models for two model predators with contrasting hunting strategies, by including seasonal consumption and availability of prey demographic classes. We predicted that cheetahs would select for smaller neonate and juvenile prey, while lions would select for larger, adult prey. We further predicted seasonal diet shifts in cheetah, but not lion. We recorded species and demographic class prey use via direct observation and GPS cluster of cheetahs and lions fitted with GPS collars. Species and demographic class prey availability was estimated from monthly driven transects. Seasonal availability of prey demographic classes resulted in predicted, contrasting prey preferences for cheetah and lion. Cheetahs preferred neonates, juveniles, and sub-adults during the wet season, but adults and juveniles during the dry season. Lions preferred adult prey irrespective of season, with sub-adults, juveniles, and neonates killed relative to their abundance. Thus traditional, prey preference models do not adequately account for demographic-specific prey preference. This masks the prey use and potential preferences for different demographic classes. This is particularly important for smaller predators, like cheetahs, whose prey selection focusses on smaller prey, particularly juveniles of larger species. For these smaller predators, prey availability will vary strongly seasonally, making them more vulnerable to processes that influence prey reproduction, like global change.
Assessing the impact of one million COVID-19 Deaths in America – Economic and Life Expectancy Losses
Authors: Silva Sachin , Goosby Eric , Reid Michael 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Between February 2020 and May 2022, one million Americans have died of COVID-19. To determine the contribution of those deaths to all-cause mortality in terms of life expectancy reductions and the resulting economic welfare losses, we calculated their combined impact on national income growth and the added value of lives lost. We estimated that US life expectancy at birth dropped by 3.08 years due to the million COVID-19 deaths. Economic welfare losses estimated in terms of national income growth supplemented by the value of lives lost, was in the order of US$3.57 trillion. US$2.20 trillion of these losses were in in the non-Hispanic White population (56.50%), US$698.24 billion (19.54%) in the Hispanic population, and US$579.93 billion (16.23%) in the non-Hispanic Black population. The scale of life expectancy and welfare losses underscores the pressing need to invest in health in the US to prevent further economic shocks from future pandemic threats.
The association of maternal fat-soluble antioxidants in early pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Lyu Yanyu , Wang Guiyun , Sun Zhenfeng , Cui Xiaodai , Xiu Qingyong , Wu Lijun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
INTRODUCTION:
To investigate the associations of vitamins A and E in early pregnancy with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to explore whether these antioxidant vitamins can be biomarkers for the early prediction of GDM.
METHODS
We carried out a prospective cohort study conducted in Beijing and enrolled pregnant women with vitamins A and E measurements at 9 weeks (IQR 8–10) of gestation and having one-step GDM screened with a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation.
RESULTS
The vitamin A levels in early pregnancy were significantly higher in women with GDM than in those without GDM (P < 0.0001) and positively correlated with fasting blood glucose. In multivariate models, vitamin A levels were significantly associated with GDM (OR, 1.46; 95% CI: 1.14–1.88; P = 0.0032) per SD. A significant trend of risk effect on GDM risk across quartiles of vitamin A was observed (Ptrend = 0.016). No significant association of serum vitamin E with GDM was observed overall. However, a noted trend of protective effect on GDM risk across quartiles of vitamin E/cholesterol ratio was observed (Ptrend = 0.043). In ROC analysis, the multivariate model consisting of vitamin A and other risk factors showed the best predictive performance (AUC: 0.760; 95% CI: 0.705–0.815; P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Higher levels of vitamin A in early pregnancy were significantly associated with an increased risk of GDM. Vitamin A has the potential to be a biomarker indicating pathogenesis of GDM.