bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping the Spatial Dynamics of the Human Oral Mucosa in Chronic Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Caetano Ana J. , Redhead Yushi , Karim Farah , Dhami Pawan , Kannambath Shichina , Nuamah Rosamond , Volponi Ana A. , Nibali Luigi , Booth Veronica , D’Agostino Eleanor M. , Sharpe Paul T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe interplay among different cells in a tissue is essential for maintaining homeostasis. Although, disease states have been traditionally attributed to individual cell types, increasing evidence and new therapeutic options have demonstrated the primary role of multicellular functions to understand health and disease, opening new avenues to understand pathogenesis and develop new treatment strategies. We recently described the cellular composition and dynamics of the human oral mucosa; however, the spatial arrangement of cells is needed to better understand a morphologically complex tissue. Here, we link single-cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and high-resolution multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridisation to characterise human oral mucosa in health and oral chronic inflammatory disease. We deconvolved expression for resolution enhancement of spatial transcriptomic data and defined highly specialised epithelial and stromal compartments describing location-specific immune programs. Furthermore, we spatially mapped a rare pathogenic fibroblast population localised in a highly immunogenic region, responsible for lymphocyte recruitment through CXCL8 and CXCL10 and with a possible role in pathological angiogenesis through ALOX5AP. Collectively, our study provides a comprehensive reference for the study of oral chronic disease pathogenesis.
EXORIBONUCLEASE4 integrates metabolic signals induced by osmotic stress into the circadian system
Authors: Prasetyaningrum Putri , Litthauer Suzanne , Vegliani Franco , Wood Matthew William , Battle Martin William , Dickson Cathryn , Jones Matthew Alan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe circadian clock system acts as an endogenous timing reference that coordinates many metabolic and physiological processes in plants. Previous studies have shown that the application of osmotic stress delays circadian rhythms via 3’-Phospho-Adenosine 5’-Phosphate (PAP), a retrograde signalling metabolite that is produced in response to redox stress within organelles. PAP accumulation leads to the inhibition of EXORIBONUCLEASEs (XRNs), which are responsible for RNA degradation. Interestingly, we are now able to demonstrate that post-transcriptional processing is crucial for the circadian response to osmotic stress. Our data show that degradation of specific circadian clock transcripts is modulated by osmotic stress, suggesting that RNA metabolism plays a vital role in circadian clock coordination during drought. Inactivation of XRN4 is sufficient to extend circadian rhythms, withLWD1, LWD2, andPRR7identified as specific XRN4 targets that are post-transcriptionally regulated to delay circadian progression.One Sentence SummaryPost-transcriptional regulation of specific transcripts enables the circadian system to respond to osmotic stress.
Even if suboptimal, novelty drives human exploration
Authors: Modirshanechi Alireza , Lin Wei-Hsiang , Xu He A. , Herzog Michael H. , Gerstner Wulfram 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHumans successfully explore their environment to find ‘extrinsic’ rewards, even when exploration requires several intermediatereward-freedecisions. It has been hypothesized that ‘intrinsic’ rewards such as novelty guide this reward-free exploration. However, different intrinsic rewards lead to different exploration strategies, some prone to suboptimal attraction to irrelevant stochastic stimuli, sometimes called the ‘noisy TV problem.’ Here, we ask whether humans show a similar attraction to reward-free stochasticity and, if so, which type of intrinsic reward guides their exploration. We design a multi-step decision-making paradigm where human participants search for rewarding states in an environment with a highly stochastic but reward-free sub-region. We show that (i) participants persistently explore the stochastic sub-region and (ii) their decisions are best explained by algorithms driven by novelty but not by ‘optimal’ algorithms driven by information gain. Our results suggest that humans use suboptimal but computationally cheap strategies for exploration in complex environments.
Dynamic network analysis of stakeholder-associated social risks of megaprojects: a case study in China
Authors: Xia Xin , Xiang Pengcheng 
Published: July 2022

PurposeManagers of megaprojects face social risk management challenges throughout the various design, construction, and operation stages, owing to the various conflicts of interest among stakeholders, public skepticism, and opposition. However, most existing studies have not focused on the dynamic analysis of integrating social risks in these stages. This study developed a dynamic analysis approach to explore the dynamics of critical social risk factors and related stakeholders of megaprojects and built the managerial maps for various stakeholders.Design/methodology/approachBased on the social analysis network (SNA), a dynamic network analysis approach for understanding the dynamics of social risk and related stakeholders has been developed by literature and case analysis. The approach comprises the following steps: (1) generating social risk–stakeholder networks in different stages; (2) analysis of the critical stakeholders and social risk factors; (3) dynamic analysis of social risk factors; and (4) developing social risk management maps for various stakeholders. To verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the approach, 40 megaprojects from China were analyzed.FindingsAccording to the results, the local government is a critical stakeholder during all stages, inadequate information promotion (IIP) and imperfect communication and coordination mechanism (ICCM) are key social risk sources throughout the megaproject life cycle. Furthermore, the management maps for government organizations, project implementation groups, and external stakeholders were constructed.Originality/valueThis research has three contributions. First, a dynamic analysis approach of stakeholder-associated social risks in megaprojects is developed, which enriches the social risk management theory of megaprojects and provides inspiration for future research focus. Second, the social risk–stakeholder networks and critical social risks in different stages are confirmed to provide a more valid and accurate picture of social risk management in megaprojects. Third, the social risk managerial maps for different stakeholders built in this research will be beneficial for governments, project implementation groups, and external stakeholders to optimize management strategies.
Feeling torn? The conflicting effects of market and entrepreneurial orientations on manufacturing SMEs' innovation performance
Authors: Kim Hyojin , Hur Daesik 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThis study focuses on how a small and medium-sized enterprise's (SME's) main strategic orientation can affect SMEs' approach to innovation. The authors aim to answer the following simple yet important questions: how do SMEs with market orientation (MO) and those with entrepreneurial orientation (EO) differ in terms of innovation performance? Do MO and EO have conflicting effects on the process of innovation at SMEs? If so, how does this conflict affect the innovation performance of SMEs?Design/methodology/approachThis study explores the effects of MO and EO on different types of technological innovation among SMEs using data collected from 124 INNOBIZ-certified manufacturing SMEs in South Korea. Logistic regression analysis and moderated regression analysis were conducted to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe empirical results demonstrate that MO and EO engender different kinds of technological innovations. MO stimulates “new-to-the-firm” product innovation, while EO drives “new-to-the-industry” innovation in processes and products. Furthermore, SMEs' overall innovation performance will suffer from the conflicting interplay between MO and EO.Originality/valueThe findings of this study encourage SMEs to concentrate SMEs' resources and learning efforts on one specific innovation orientation and only then to develop SMEs' ambidextrous managerial capabilities. This study offers academic contributions in that the study overcomes the limitations of past studies on the strategic orientation of SMEs by empirically confirming the dilemmas faced by SMEs and expands the theoretical understanding of the relationship between MO and EO.
Training students for complex sustainability issues: a literature review on the design of inter- and transdisciplinary higher education
Authors: Horn Annemarie , Scheffelaar Aukelien , Urias Eduardo , Zweekhorst Marjolein B.M. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
To prepare students to address complex sustainability issues, they need to be trained in inter- and transdisciplinarity. This paper aims to contribute to better understanding how to do this, by providing insight into design elements and strategies deployed in inter- and transdisciplinary sustainability education.

Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature search was conducted to select inter- and transdisciplinary sustainability programmes. Through deductive and inductive qualitative analysis, design elements and strategies were identified and defined.

Findings
Eleven inter- and transdisciplinary programmes were identified. A comprehensive overview of their design elements and strategies is provided. Moreover, three patterns emerged: students were often only involved in the execution, but not in the preparation and evaluation stages of projects, and thus not trained in these; many programmes relied on diverse student representation for interdisciplinary learning and did not explicitly train interdisciplinary integration; and the societal value of transdisciplinary collaboration received little attention in the evaluation of outcomes and impacts.

Research limitations/implications
Follow-up research into the effectiveness of design elements and strategies for inter- and transdisciplinary sustainability education is needed, because the field seems to be understudied.

Practical implications
The comprehensive overview of design elements and strategies for inter- and transdisciplinary sustainability education holds the promise to inform design of novel programmes with similar ambitions. Moreover, the findings urge additional attention for explicitly training interdisciplinary integration and safeguarding the societal value of transdisciplinarity.

Originality/value
This review presents new insights into strategies and design elements for inter- and transdisciplinary sustainability education.
Alkem Laboratories: managing employee motivation during pandemics
Authors: Sarangi Subrat , Priyadarshi Ashok , Chalil Gloryson R.B. , Panda Rasananda 
Published: July 2022

Theoretical basis
The case dwells with the following theoretical concepts: Appreciate the different need dimensions required to motivate different employee types based on need theory (Alderfer, 1969). Identify the functional needs as per Maslow’s need hierarchy (Hall & Naougaim, 1968) for the permanent and contractual workers. Outline why only hygiene factors are insufficient to arrest worker absenteeism during a pandemic like COVID-19. Apply need theory and “Herzberg’s two-factor theory” (Herzberg, 1966; Herzberg et al., 1957) to enumerate the measures that need to be implemented to build supply chain resilience by reducing absenteeism by motivating employees.

Research methodology
The case is based on primary research carried out by the authors at Alkem Laboratories Ltd., Sikkim unit in India, during the COVID-19 pandemic that hit the company leading to high absenteeism of contractual workers.

Case overview/Synopsis
Alkem Laboratories Ltd. is a leading pharma major from India with a global footprint. At the break of COVID-19 pandemic, the manufacturing unit of the company at Sikkim is facing the scare of mass absenteeism, especially among the contractual workers who account for 60% of the workforce of the unit. Ashok Priyadarshi (Vice President, Human Resources) and his team along with the think tank of the unit have to find a solution to the problem at hand. What shall be the measures that the think tank will propose? The team sets out to find an answer to these questions so that Alkem could seize the business opportunity at the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Complexity academic level
The case is suitable for undergraduate- and graduate-level courses in organizational behavior, organizational change and development and supply chain risk management. The case can also be positioned for executive education and training modules in companies on employee motivation and commitment.
Thermoregulatory opportunity and competition act independently on life‐history traits in aquatic ectotherms
Authors: Gvoždík Lumír 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Many ectothermic species use behavioural thermoregulation to reduce their exposure to climate change. The buffering effect of behavioural thermoregulation will depend on the time available for an ectotherm to attain a body temperature within the target range, that is, the ‘opportunity for thermoregulation’. Behavioural thermoregulation can be further altered by the presence of competitors. Spatiotemporal dynamics in opportunity for thermoregulation and competition intensity should affect variation in ectotherm life history and fitness; however, experimental support for their joint influence is missing.

I tested this prediction in a mesocosm experiment using larvae of two sympatric amphibians, the alpine newt Ichthyosaura alpestris and the common newt Lissotriton vulgaris. Thermoregulatory opportunities and competition intensities were manipulated by exposing larvae to warmer temperatures and altering densities of con‐ and heterospecifics. Life‐history traits were monitored until metamorphic emergence from the water.

Thermoregulatory opportunity accelerated differentiation rate and time to metamorphic emergence, while both intra‐ and interspecific competition affected growth rate and mass at emergence. The impact of competition on survival and injury rates varied between taxa.

Thermoregulatory opportunity and competition impacted larval life‐history traits in an additive fashion. Suitable conditions for thermoregulation allowed larvae to shorten their developmental period, and thus escape from the aquatic environment earlier than in thermoregulatory challenging environment. Competition was a primary determinant of mass at emergence, which is an important fitness correlate in amphibians. Species‐specific survival under competition may contribute to variation in habitat requirements between sympatric taxa.

To sum up, predictions on the impact of climate change on ectotherm life histories require information not only about environmental temperatures, but also about species thermoregulatory opportunities and competitive abilities. Thermoregulatory opportunity is an ecologically relevant habitat property not only for basking ectotherms but also for taxa using less conspicuous thermoregulatory adjustments. The influence of thermoregulatory opportunity and competitive interactions on life histories varies among traits, indicating the need for a multi‐trait approach for understanding the complex influences of environmental change on ectotherm population dynamics and species interactions.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Species discrimination in Schima (Theaceae): Next‐generation super‐barcodes meet evolutionary complexity
Authors: Yu Xiang‐Qin , Jiang Yin‐Zi , Folk Ryan A. , Zhao Jian‐Li , Fu Chao‐Nan , Fang Liang , Peng Hua , Yang Jun‐Bo , Yang Shi‐Xiong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPlastid genome and nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) arrays, proposed recently as “super‐barcodes,” might provide additional discriminatory power and overcome the limitations of traditional barcoding loci, yet super‐barcodes need to be tested for their effectiveness in more plant groups. Morphological homoplasy among Schima species makes the genus a model for testing the efficacy of super‐barcodes. In this study, we generated multiple data sets comprising standard DNA barcodes (matK, rbcL, trnH‐psbA, nrITS) and super‐barcodes (plastid genome, nrDNA arrays) across 58 individuals from 12 out of 13 species of Schima from China. No samples were correctly assigned to species using standard DNA barcodes and nrDNA arrays, while only 27.27% of species with multiple accessions were distinguished using the plastid genome and its partitioned data sets—the lowest estimated rate of super‐barcode success in the literature so far. For Schima and other taxa with similarly recently divergence and low levels of genetic variation, incomplete lineage sorting, hybridization or taxonomic oversplitting are all possible causes of the failure. Taken together, our study suggests that by no means are super‐barcodes immune to the challenges imposed by evolutionary complexity. We therefore call for developing multilocus nuclear markers for species discrimination in plant groups.
Non‐invasive prediction of histologic chorioamnionitis using maternal serum markers in women with preterm prelabour rupture of membranes
Authors: Shi Haoning , Sun Lingling , Wang Zhenjie , Zhang Aimei , Cao Huaiming , Zhao Wanying , Wang Hongyu , Yang Xiao , Li Jing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractProblemThis study aimed to evaluate and compare the predictive accuracy of serum markers for histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) among women with preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM), and to develop a nomogram prediction model to minimize the damage of the disease.Method of StudyThis case‐control study included 153 pregnant women with PPROM with a gestational age of 20+0∼36+6 weeks. The subjects were assigned into two groups: PPROM with and without HCA. According to the results of logistic regression analysis, the predictive equation and nomogram were generated using key parameters, and the discrimination and consistency of the model were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves.ResultsFrom 153 subjects with PPROM, 77 developed HCA. Compared with the PPROM without HCA group, the CRP, PCT and NLR were significantly higher in HCA group (P < 0.001), and the CRP had the highest predictive value. The area under the curve (AUC) of the prediction model was 0.873, and the sensitivity and specificity of predicting HCA were 68.8% and 92.1%, respectively. And the calibration curves fitted well with the realistic situation.ConclusionMaternal serum CRP and NLR could be used as predictive biomarkers for HCA in women with PPROM, while PCT needs to be further explored due to its slightly lower predictive value. Our serum markers and gestational age at PPROM could be used as a non‐invasive and convenient method to predict HCA in women with PPROM.
Impact of thiopurines and tumour necrosis factor antagonists on primary sclerosing cholangitis outcomes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Biron Amélie , Beaugerie Laurent , Chazouillères Olivier , Kirchgesner Julien 
Published: July 2022

SummaryBackgroundPatients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at risk of biliary tract cancer and liver damage (possibly leading to liver transplantation), and are often treated for IBD with thiopurines and/or tumour necrosis factor antagonists (anti‐TNF) on a long‐term basis.AimsTo assess the risk of biliary tract cancer and liver transplantation in patients exposed to thiopurines and/or anti TNF agents in a French nationwide cohort.MethodsWe performed a population‐based study of patients aged 18 years or older with PSC and IBD in the French national health insurance database. Patients were followed from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2018. The risks of biliary tract cancer and liver transplantation associated with thiopurines and anti‐TNF exposure were assessed with marginal structural Cox proportional hazard models, adjusting for baseline demographics and comorbidities, and time‐varying medications and PSC activity.ResultsAmong the 1929 patients with PSC and IBD included, 37 biliary tract cancers and 83 liver transplantations occurred. Compared with patients not exposed to thiopurines or anti‐TNF agents, patients exposed to thiopurines (hazard ratio [HR], 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39–2.82) or anti‐TNF agents (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.13–2.80) had no excess risk of biliary tract cancer. Similarly, patients exposed to thiopurines (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.30–1.48) or anti‐TNF agents (HR, 0.68; CI, 0.22–2.09) had no excess risk of liver transplantation.ConclusionsPatients with PSC and IBD who are exposed to thiopurines or anti‐TNF agents are not at excess risk of biliary tract cancer or liver transplantation.
Infinite Hidden Markov Models for Multiple Multivariate Time Series with Missing Data
Authors: Hoskovec Lauren , Koslovsky Matthew D. , Koehler Kirsten , Good Nicholas , Peel Jennifer L. , Volckens John , Wilson Ander 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Exposure to air pollution is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Recent technological advancements permit the collection of time-resolved personal exposure data. Such data are often incomplete with missing observations and exposures below the limit of detection, which limit their use in health effects studies. In this paper, we develop an infinite hidden Markov model for multiple asynchronous multivariate time series with missing data. Our model is designed to include covariates that can inform transitions among hidden states. We implement beam sampling, a combination of slice sampling and dynamic programming, to sample the hidden states, and a Bayesian multiple imputation algorithm to impute missing data. In simulation studies, our model excels in estimating hidden states and state-specific means and imputing observations that are missing at random or below the limit of detection. We validate our imputation approach on data from the Fort Collins Commuter Study. We show that the estimated hidden states improve imputations for data that are missing at random compared to existing approaches. In a case study of the Fort Collins Commuter Study, we describe the inferential gains obtained from our model including improved imputation of missing data and the ability to identify shared patterns in activity and exposure among repeated sampling days for individuals and among distinct individuals.
Bread loaf sections provide useful information on more than 0·5% of surgical margins
Authors: Warne Melissa M. , Klawonn Matthew M. , Brodell Robert T. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
It is often quoted that classic bread-loaf sectioning of excisional specimens assesses 0.5% of the margin, but careful mathematical analysis reveals that bread-loaf sectioning appraises far more than that and is an effective and economical means to check margins.