bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An SNN retrocopy insertion upstream ofGPR22is associated with dark red coat color in Poodles
Authors: Batcher Kevin , Varney Scarlett , Affolter Verena K , Friedenberg Steven G , Bannasch Danika 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPigment production and distribution is controlled through multiple genes, resulting in a wide range of coat color phenotypes in dogs. Dogs that produce only the pheomelanin pigment vary in intensity from white to deep red. The Poodle breed has a wide range of officially recognized coat colors, including the pheomelanin-based white, cream, apricot, and red coat colors, which are not fully explained by the previously identified genetic variants involved in pigment intensity. Here, a genome-wide association study for pheomelanin intensity was performed in Poodles which identified an association on canine chromosome 18. Whole-genome sequencing data revealed an SNN retrocopy insertion (SNNL1) in apricot and red Poodles within the associated region on chromosome 18. While equal numbers of melanocytes were observed in all Poodle skin hair bulbs, higher melanin content was observed in the darker Poodles. Several genes involved in melanogenesis were also identified as highly overexpressed in red Poodle skin. The most differentially expressed gene however was GPR22, which was highly expressed in red Poodle skin while unexpressed in white Poodle skin (log2 fold change in expression 6.1, P &lt; 0.001). GPR22 is an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor normally expressed exclusively in the brain and heart. The SNNL1 retrocopy inserted 2.8 kb upstream of GPR22 and is likely disrupting regulation of the gene, resulting in atypical expression in the skin. Thus, we identify the SNNL1 insertion as a candidate variant for the CFA18 pheomelanin intensity locus in red Poodles.
A Pilot Trial of Thymalfasin (Thymosin-α-1) to Treat Hospitalized Patients With Hypoxemia and Lymphocytopenia Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection
Authors: Shehadeh Fadi , Benitez Gregorio , Mylona Evangelia K , Tran Quynh-Lam , Tsikala-Vafea Maria , Atalla Eleftheria , Kaczynski Matthew , Mylonakis Eleftherios 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Thymosin-α-1 (Tα1) may be a treatment option for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but efficacy and safety data remain limited.

Methods
Prospective, open-label, randomized trial assessing preliminary efficacy and safety of thymalfasin (synthetic form of Tα1), compared with the standard of care, among hospitalized patients with hypoxemia and lymphocytopenia due to COVID-19.

Results
A total of 49 patients were included in this analysis. Compared with control patients, the incidence of clinical recovery was higher for treated patients with either baseline low-flow oxygen (subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.48 [95% confidence interval, .68–3.25]) or baseline high-flow oxygen (1.28 [.35–4.63]), although neither difference was significant. Among patients with baseline low-flow oxygen, treated patients, compared with control patients, had an average difference of 3.84 times more CD4+ T cells on day 5 than on day 1 (P = .01). Nine serious adverse events among treated patients were deemed not related to Tα1.

Conclusions
Tα1 increases CD4+ T-cell count among patients with baseline low-flow oxygen support faster than the standard of care and may have a role in the management of hospitalized patients with hypoxemia and lymphocytopenia due to COVID-19.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT04487444.
Analysis of Mitragynine and Speciociliatine in Umbilical Cord by LC–MS-MS for Detecting Prenatal Exposure to Kratom
Authors: Hughs Melissa , Kish-Trier Erik , O’Brien Aidin , McMillin Gwendolyn A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Kratom is an herbal drug that is legal in the USA. While it is marketed as a safer alternative to opioids, it can cause opioid-like withdrawal symptoms when discontinued after regular use. Several case studies have shown that kratom exposure in utero can lead to symptoms in newborns consistent with neonatal abstinence syndrome. Here, we present a validated method for the detection of kratom in umbilical cord by liquid chromatography--tandem mass spectrometry. The umbilical cord is homogenized in solvent and kratom analytes are purified by solid phase extraction (strong cation exchange). Diastereomeric kratom alkaloids mitragynine (MG), speciociliatine (SC), speciogynine and mitraciliatine are separated by reverse phase chromatography on a phenyl-hexyl column. Applying this method to residual umbilical cords submitted to our laboratory for drug testing, 29 positive specimens exhibiting varied kratom analyte distributions were observed. MG and SC were the most abundant kratom analytes and were selected as biomarkers of kratom exposure. A cutoff concentration of 0.08 ng/g was established for both MG and SC.
Notes on the Geographical Distribution and Host Preferences in the Order Siphonaptera: Part 5. Ancistropsyllidae, Chimaeropsyllidae, Ischnopsyllidae, Leptopsyllidae and Macropsyllidae
Authors: Lewis Robert E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
All the presently known species of the siphonapteran families Ancistropsyllidae, Chimaeropsyllidae, Ischnopsyllidae, Leptopsyllidae and Macropsyllidae are listed and their principal hosts and geographic distribution are discussed. Author and date of description are included for each taxon.
Variation in Life Table Characteristics among three Geographic Strains of Culex Pipiens Quinquefasciatus
Authors: Walter Nancy M. , Hacker Carl S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Life tables were generated for 3 geographic strains of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus. Significant differences could be demonstrated among these strains for mean life expectancy of males and females, net reproductive rate and intrinsic rate of increase. Survivorship functions were similar for all 3 strains and resembled those of other mosquitoes, man and drosophilids. The numaer of eggs/raft decreased as female mosquitoes aged, and the mean number of eggs/raft did not differ significantly among the strains.
Description of the Larva, Pupa and Egg of Anopheles (Lophopodomyia) Squamifemur Antunes with Notes on Development (Diptera: Gulicidae)
Authors: Boreham Melvin M. , Baerg David C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Females of Anopheles squamifemur were collected by horse-baited trap in the Panama Canal Zone, and oviposition obtained. The larva, pupa and egg are described and illustrated for the first time, and the male genitalia are refigured from associated specimens. Taxonomic comparisons are made with other species of the subgenus Lophopodomyia. Data are presented on the bionomics of A. squamifemur, with observations on the laboratory development of the immature stages.
Musca Hervei Villeneuve, 1922 as an Intermediate Host of Eyeworms (Thelazia) in Japan
Authors: Shinonaga S. , Miyamoto K. , Kano R. , Maeda S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An investigation of the relation between flies and thelaziar parasites was made in Chiba city, Japan. The number of flies infesting cattle and emerging from cattle dung, the natural infection late of Thelazia spp. in Musca herrei and the number of these worms infesting the eyes of cattle were investigated monthly from January 1972 to May 1973. The number of flies infesting cattle was maximum in September, and thereafter decreased together with decreasing temperature. The natural infection rate in M. hervei and the number of parasites in the eyes of cattle reached a maximum in October, presumably a consequence of the September peak in fly numbers. Both sexes of M. hervei were ible to transmit thelazian parasites, but the natural infection rate was higher in females than in males, probably because the former have a greater preference for the cow body. Infected flies were found from April to November, and thelazian adults in the eyes of cows were obtained throughout the year excep. March. On the other hand, the larvae were obtained from June to November in 1972 and in May 1973. These observations indicate that transmission to the eyes of cattle begins in May and continues until November when most of the flies disappear. Flies newly infected with thelazian larvae appear again in etrly spring of the next year, front the end of March to the beginning of April.
Orientation and Developmental Inhibition in the Housefly by Certain Terpenoids
Authors: Sharma R. N. , Saxena K. N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Several terpenoids were tested on the eggs, larvae and adults of the housefly, Musca domestica L., for effects on their orientation and development. Eugenol and farnesol attracted the flies and inhibited their embryonic/larval development. In certain doses, l-imonene, citronellol and carvone attracted the flies but did not inhibit their development. The remaining terpenoids inhibited the development of the flics in different doses but repelled them to varying degrees. The possibility jf housefly control by compounds with acceptable odors and having both the properties of attracting flies as well as inhibiting their development is discussed.
Clash of Titans: A MUSE dynamical study of the extreme cluster merger SPT-CL J0307-6225
Authors: Hernández-Lang D , Zenteno A , Diaz-Ocampo A , Cuevas H , Clancy J , Prado P H , Aldás F , Pallero D , Monteiro-Oliveira R , Gómez F A , Ramirez Amelia , Wynter J , Carrasco E R , Hau G K T , Stalder B , McDonald M , Bayliss M , Floyd B , Garmire G , Katzenberger A , Kim K J , Klein M , Mahler G , Nilo Castellon J L , Saro A , Somboonpanyakul T 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
We present MUSE spectroscopy, Megacam imaging, and Chandra X-ray emission for SPT-CL J0307-6225, a $z = 0.58$ major merging galaxy cluster with a large BCG-SZ centroid separation and a highly disturbed X-ray morphology. The galaxy density distribution shows two main overdensities with separations of 0.144 and 0.017 arcmin to their respective BCGs. We characterize the central regions of the two colliding structures, namely 0307-6225N and 0307-6225S, finding velocity derived masses of M200, N = 2.44 ± 1.41 × 1014M⊙ and M200, S = 3.16 ± 1.88 × 1014M⊙, with a line-of-sight velocity difference of |Δv| = 342 km s−1. The total dynamically derived mass is consistent with the SZ derived mass of 7.63 h$_{70}^{-1}$ ± 1.36 × 1014M⊙. We model the merger using the Monte Carlo Merger Analysis Code, estimating a merging angle of 36$^{+14}_{-12}$ ° with respect to the plane of the sky. Comparing with simulations of a merging system with a mass ratio of 1:3, we find that the best scenario is that of an ongoing merger that began 0.96$^{+0.31}_{-0.18}$ Gyr ago. We also characterize the galaxy population using Hδ and [O ii] λ3727 Å lines. We find that most of the emission-line galaxies belong to 0307-6225S, close to the X-ray peak position with a third of them corresponding to red-cluster sequence galaxies, and the rest to blue galaxies with velocities consistent with recent periods of accretion. Moreover, we suggest that 0307-6225S suffered a previous merger, evidenced through the two equally bright BCGs at the centre with a velocity difference of ∼674 km s−1.
Quoting Popular Songs
Authors: Baumgartner Michael 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the numerous popular songs as musical quotations that are integrated into Godard’s films and video productions in a self-reflexive manner. In Une femme est une femme, the female protagonist and her male friend listen in a bar to Charles Aznavour’s “Tu t’laisses aller,” which appears—as a rarity in Godard’s films—in its entirety. Godard’s shift from the performance aspect in musical comedies to the focus on listening is intended as a self-conscious strategy. Godard conveys with Aznavour’s song that listening is as important an activity as performing songs in musical films. A second self-reflexive treatment of songs denounces the striving for impeccable and stunning song performances of Hollywood’s studio era. Godard introduces intentional imperfections into the song renderings in his films. A lackluster vocal performance, inferior recording quality, and a rough editing style, as markers of self-reflexivity, are noticeable in Anna Karina’s rendering of Jean Ferrat’s “J’entends, j’entends” in Bande à part. A final investigation explores Riccardo Cocciante’s “La nostra lingua italiana,” which concludes Chapter 3A of Godard’s Histoire(s) du cinéma. Cocciante’s song is metafilm music for three reasons: (1) Its musical style as a popular, somewhat sentimental ballad resists in aesthetical terms the intention of Godard’s metacinematic approach to film history. (2) The song’s integration into Histoire(s) du cinéma represents the only musical quotation in its complete form in the entire essayistic series. (3) The canzone is actively involved, in close conjunction with the other filmic devices, in exploring cinema’s theory, aesthetics, history, and practice, in particular the impact of neorealism on the history of cinema.
Referencing Silent-Film Music
Authors: Baumgartner Michael 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This is the first of three chapters exploring a subcategory of musical quotation as metafilm music: the musical referencing of a style, genre, or specific filmic mode. Godard expresses in Pierrot le fou, Passion, and Histoire(s) du cinéma a career-long interest in silent-film music that assumes in the context of sound film the role of metafilm music. In other words, Godard investigates with sound-film music the dramaturgical function of silent-film music. He applies a self-reflexive, silent-film music approach with only Antoine Duhamel’s music on the soundtrack to two sequences in Pierrot le fou, in which he investigates the interplay between music and montage. A longer sequence in Passion features Antonín Dvořák’s Piano Concerto, which not only connects various spaces but also reinforces the characters’ exaggerated gestures as a self-reflexive device. Dvořák’s concerto self-consciously refers to the essential function of music in silent cinema: as a tool for sonically shaping the film’s dramaturgical trajectory, visually backed up by the corresponding choreography of the actors. Finally, in Chapter 4B of Histoire(s) du cinéma, Arvo Pärt’s orchestral Festina lente is used as a vehicle for a biting criticism of cinema’s duplicitous accomplishments. Together with the institution of cinema, the music assumes the role of an accessory disseminating rumors and peddling stories to its innocent viewers. The music is here metafilm music, because the topic is silent cinema, with music playing an essential part in reflecting on cinema’s and its own ontology.
Credit Building or Credit Crumbling? A Credit Builder Loan’s Effects on Consumer Behavior and Market Efficiency in the United States
Authors: Burke Jeremy , Jamison Julian , Karlan Dean , Mihaly Kata , Zinman Jonathan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA randomized encouragement design yields null average effects of a credit builder loan (CBL) on consumer credit scores. But machine learning algorithms indicate the nulls are due to stark, offsetting treatment effects depending on baseline installment credit activity. Delinquency on preexisting loan obligations drives the negative effects, suggesting that adding a CBL overextends some consumers and generates negative externalities on other lenders. More favorably for the market, CBL take-up generates positive selection on score improvements. Simple changes to CBL practice, particularly to provider screening and credit bureau reporting, could ameliorate the negative effects for consumers and the market.Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
CRISPRthripsis: The Risk of CRISPR/Cas9-induced Chromothripsis in Gene Therapy
Authors: Amendola Mario , Brusson Mégane , Miccio Annarita 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 nuclease system has allowed the generation of disease models and the development of therapeutic approaches for many genetic and non-genetic disorders. However, the generation of large genomic rearrangements has raised safety concerns for the clinical application of CRISPR/Cas9 nuclease approaches. Among these events, the formation of micronuclei and chromosome bridges due to chromosomal truncations can lead to massive genomic rearrangements localized to one or few chromosomes. This phenomenon, known as chromothripsis, was originally described in cancer cells, where it is believed to be caused by defective chromosome segregation during mitosis or DNA double-strand breaks. Here, we will discuss the factors influencing CRISPR/Cas9-induced chromothripsis, hereafter termed CRISPRthripsis, and its outcomes, the tools to characterize these events and strategies to minimize them.
Intraocular foreign body during cataract surgery
Authors: Thompson Alexander , Osher Robert H. , Werner Liliana , Park Sally , Wilkinson Samuel 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
A large foreign body entered the anterior chamber through the infusion tubing during phacoemulsification.

Patient and Clinical Findings:
A 70-year-old woman presented for routine cataract extraction with implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens. During the phacoemulsification, a white fleck was captured on video entering the eye through the infusion tubing.

Diagnosis, Intervention, and Outcomes:
The fleck was removed immediately with a forceps through the main incision, and the surgery was completed. The fragment was preserved and sent for analysis. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy were used to determine its composition.

Conclusions:
The origin of the fragment was consistent with the spike used to pierce the bag containing the balanced salt solution.
Work–Family Conflict, Organizational Identification, and Professional Identification Among Chinese Nurses From a Resource Perspective
Authors: YANG Chunjiang , CHEN Aobo , SHENG Nan 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
The miserable work conditions faced by many nurses around the world make them particularly prone to work–family conflict.

Purpose
This study was designed to explain from a resource perspective how and when nurses experiencing work–family conflict are more likely to exhibit decreased levels of organizational identification and professional identification.

Methods
A time-separation research design was used, and data were collected from 322 nurses in five hospitals in China. All of the hypotheses were tested using conduct structural equation modeling.

Results
The results showed that work–family conflict had negative effects on organizational identification and professional identification via emotional exhaustion. In addition, job meaningfulness may have a buffering effect on the negative impact of work–family conflict on emotional exhaustion, organizational identification, and professional identification.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice
The results advance knowledge on how and when work–family conflict damages organizational identification and professional identification. Providing family support, relieving emotional exhaustion, and enhancing job meaningfulness are necessary to support the organizational and professional identification of nurses.
Impact of Individual Components of Emergency Department Pediatric Readiness on Pediatric Mortality in US Trauma Centers
Authors: Remick Katherine , Smith McKenna , Newgard Craig D. , Lin Amber , Hewes Hilary , Jensen Aaron R , Glass Nina , Ford Rachel , Ames Stefanie , GCPH Jenny Cook , Malveau Susan , Dai Mengtao , Auerbach Marc , Jenkins Peter , Gausche-Hill Marianne , Fallat Mary , Kuppermann Nathan , Mann N Clay 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Injured children initially treated at trauma centers with high emergency department (ED) pediatric readiness have improved survival. Centers with limited resources may not be able to address all pediatric readiness deficiencies and there currently is no evidence-based guidance for prioritizing different components of readiness. The objective of this study was to identify individual components of ED pediatric readiness associated with better-than-expected survival in US trauma centers to aid in the allocation of resources targeted at improving pediatric readiness.

Methods
This cohort study of U.S. trauma centers used the National Trauma Data Bank (2012-2017) matched to the 2013 National Pediatric Readiness Project assessment. Adult and pediatric centers treating at least 50 injured children (age < 18 years) and recording at least one death during the 6-year study period were included. Using a standardized risk-adjustment model for trauma, we calculated the observed-to-expected (O/E) mortality ratio for each trauma center. We used bivariate analyses and multivariable linear regression to assess for associations between individual components of ED pediatric readiness and better-than-expected survival.

Results
Among 555 trauma centers, the O/E mortality ratios ranged from 0.07 to 4.17 (IQR 0.93, 1.14). Unadjusted analyses of 23 components of ED pediatric readiness showed that trauma centers with better-than-expected survival were more likely to have a validated pediatric triage tool, comprehensive quality improvement processes, a pediatric-specific disaster plan, and critical airway and resuscitation equipment (all p < 0.03). The multivariable analysis demonstrated that trauma centers with both a physician and a nurse pediatric emergency care coordinator had better-than-expected survival, but this association weakened after accounting for trauma center level. Child maltreatment policies were associated with lower-than-expected survival, particularly in Level III-V trauma centers.

Conclusion
Specific components of ED pediatric readiness were associated with pediatric survival among US trauma centers.

Level of Evidence
Care management, level III.