bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Glomerulitis on Long-term Outcomes After Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Whigham Morgan , Heilman Raymond L. , Nair Sumi Sukumaran , Buras Matthew R. , Lim Elisabeth S. , Jaramillo Andres , Ramon Daniel S. , Ryan Margaret S. , Mour Girish K. 
Published: September 2022

Background.
The Banff classification scheme provides a framework for interpreting transplant kidney biopsies and has undergone various updates in the past 2 decades especially related to antibody-mediated rejection. The clinical significance of early glomerulitis seen within 4 mo on protocol biopsies has received limited attention. We hypothesized that early glomerulitis seen on protocol biopsies will lead to significant adverse outcomes as assessed by histopathology and allograft outcome.

Methods.
A single-center retrospective study of a cohort of patients who underwent protocol biopsies within 4 mo after transplantation with timely follow-up protocol biopsies were assessed. Patients with recurrent glomerulonephritis were excluded.

Results.
We calculated glomerulitis (g) scores for 2212 biopsy specimens and identified 186 patients with glomerulitis (g > 0) and 2026 patients without glomerulitis (g = 0). The progression to chronic transplant glomerulopathy at 1 and 2 y was higher in patients with g > 0 as compared with g = 0 (year 1, 10.7% versus 2.3% [P < 0.001]‚ respectively; year 2, 17.2% versus 4.3% [P < 0.001], respectively) with no difference in other chronic lesions. The death-censored graft failure rate was higher in patients with g > 0 as compared with g = 0 (hazard ratio, 1.68 [95% CI, 1.07-2.65]; P = 0.02). We did not find any difference in outcomes in glomerulitis group based on donor-specific antibody.

Conclusion.
Our findings suggest that early glomerulitis (seen within 4 mo after transplantation) may lead to clinically significant long-term changes and thus could be a target for early intervention therapies.
bayroot: Bayesian sampling of HIV-1 integration dates by root-to-tip regression
Authors: Ferreira Roux-Cil , Wong Emmanuel , Poon Art F. Y. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe composition of the latent HIV-1 reservoir is shaped by when proviruses integrated into host genomes. These integration dates can be estimated by phylogenetic methods like root-to-top (RTT) regression. However, RTT does not accommodate variation in the number of substitutions over time, uncertainty in estimating the molecular clock or the position of the root in the tree. To address these limitations, we implemented a Bayesian extension of RTT as an R package (bayroot), which enables the user to incorporate prior information about the time of infection and start of antiretroviral therapy. Taking an unrooted maximum likelihood tree as input, we use a Metropolis-Hastings algorithm to sample three parameters (the molecular clock, the location of the root, and the time associated with the root) from the posterior distribution. Next, we apply rejection sampling to this posterior sample of model parameters to simulate integration dates for HIV proviral sequences. To validate this method, we use the R package treeswithintrees to simulate time-scaled trees relating samples of actively- and latently-infected T cells from a single host. We find that bayroot yields significantly more accurate estimates of integration dates than conventional RTT under a range of model settings.
Kynurenine aminotransferase II inhibition promotes sleep and rescues impairments induced by neurodevelopmental insult
Authors: Milosavljevic Snezana , Smith Andrew K. , Wright Courtney J. , Valafar Homayoun , Pocivavsek Ana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDysregulated sleep is commonly reported in individuals with neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BPD). Physiology and pathogenesis of these disorders points to aberrant metabolism, during neurodevelopment and adulthood, of tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway (KP). Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a neuroactive KP metabolite derived from its precursor kynurenine by kynurenine aminotransferase II (KAT II), is increased in the brains of individuals with SCZ and BPD. We hypothesize that elevated KYNA, an inhibitor of glutamatergic and cholinergic neurotransmission, contributes to sleep dysfunction. Employing the embryonic kynurenine (EKyn) paradigm to elevate KYNA in the fetal brain, we presently examined whether reducing KYNA in adulthood by pharmacologically inhibiting KAT II would improve sleep quality. Pregnant Wistar rats were fed either kynurenine (100 mg/day) (EKyn) or control wet mash (ECon) from embryonic day (ED) 15 to ED 22. In adulthood, male and female offspring were implanted with devices to record electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) telemetrically for continuous sleep-wake data acquisition. Each subject was treated with either vehicle or PF-04859989 (30 mg/kg, s.c.), an irreversible KAT II inhibitor, at zeitgeber time (ZT) 0 or ZT 12. KAT II inhibitor improved sleep architecture maintaining entrainment of the light-dark cycle; ZT 0 treatment with PF-04859989 induced transient improvements in rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) during the immediate light phase, while the impact of ZT 12 treatment was delayed until the subsequent light phase. PF-04859989 administration at ZT 0 enhanced NREM delta spectral power and reduced activity and body temperature. In conclusion, reducing de novo KYNA production alleviated sleep disturbances and increased sleep quality in EKyn, while also improving sleep outcomes in ECon offspring. Our findings place attention on KAT II inhibition as a novel mechanistic approach to treating disrupted sleep behavior with potential translational implications for patients with neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders.
Neural activity is spatially clustered in motor and dorsal premotor cortex
Authors: Chehade Nick G. , Gharbawie Omar A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMotor (M1) and dorsal premotor (PMd) cortex are central to arm and hand control in primates. Motor outputs in both areas confer somatotopically organized arm and hand zones. Here, we investigate the spatial mapping between those motor zones and movement-related neural activity to gain insight about functional organization in M1 and PMd. Two macaques reached and grasped while cortical activity was measured with intrinsic signal optical imaging. Activity maps were quantified in relation to microstimulation motor maps from the same hemispheres. Each activity map was comprised of many patches and overlapped surprisingly small portions of the motor map. Functional differences between the patches were inferred from their activity time courses and location within the motor map. We propose that M1 and PMd contain subzones that are preferentially tuned for specific actions. Thus, the spatial dimension of neural activity in frontal motor areas is an important organizing principle of the neural code for movement control.
Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii biofilms grown on denture acrylic to denture-cleaning agents and sonication
Authors: Behbehani Marwah , McDonald Ailbhe , Nair Sean P , Green Ingrid M 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundDentures can act as reservoirs for microorganisms that cause local and systemic diseases, including opportunistic pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp, leading causes of hospital-acquired pneumonia.ObjectivesTo determine the efficacy of a brief cleaning protocol with four commonly used denture cleaning agents combined with ultra-sonic cleaning on P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii biofilms grown on denture acrylic. The effectiveness of a commercial sonicator on bacterial biofilm reduction was also evaluated.Materials and MethodsP. aeruginosa and A. baumannii 48 h biofilms were grown in artificial saliva on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) discs, exposed to four disinfectants, with or without ultra-sonication, for 1 min and the number of viable bacteria post-exposure to the treatment determined. P. aeruginosa biofilms were exposed for one or five mins to two disinfectants plus a commercial sonicator.ResultsUltra-sonication alone reduced total viable biofilm from 67.3% (A. baumannii) to 94.8% (P. aeruginosa). Without ultra-sonication, 0.012% sodium hypochlorite, Steradent® Active Plus and Ecolab® 0.2% chlorhexidine reduced P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii biofilms viable counts by between 99.3% and >99.99%. Sonication further reduced 99.3% kill to undetectable levels (>99.99% kill). Colgate®Total Pro-Gum Health Daily mouthwash reduced P. aeruginosa by 17% and A. baumannii biofilms by 2.1 log. These number were further reduced by >99.99% with sonication (p=<0.001). Domestic sonicators, such as those for cleaning jewellery at home, were effective when used in conjunction with denture cleaning agents.ConclusionRapid reduction of P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii biofilms on denture acrylic is possible with denture-cleaning agents and sonicationHighlightsFour antimicrobial agents tested against P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii biofilms0.012% NaOCl and Steradent Active Plus were the most effective agents testedSonication improved chlorhexidine and cetylpyridinium chloride-based agents
Crossing-over decision landscape in maize
Authors: Zelkowski Mateusz , Wang Minghui , Sun Qi , Pillardy Jaroslaw , Kianian Penny M.A. , Kianian Shahryar F. , Chen Changbin , Pawlowski Wojciech P. 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARYIn most crops, including maize, meiotic double-strand breaks (DSBs) occur in all chromosome regions but crossovers (COs) are predominantly near chromosome ends. To understand how the uniform DSB distribution changes into the U-shaped CO distribution, we generated high-resolution maps of CO intermediates. We found that DSBs with medium resection spans more often result in COs than those with shorter or longer resections. We also discovered that sites of CO intermediates associated with MLH3 in zygotene are uniformly distributed along chromosomes, resembling DSB distribution. However, in late prophase, they show the U-shaped distribution characteristic of COs. While zygotene MLH3 sites exhibit methylation levels similar to the genome average, late prophase sites have reduced DNA methylation. In contrast to DNA methylation, inter-parental DNA sequence polymorphism has limited effect on CO distribution. These data indicate that the final CO landscape shape in maize is established late during recombination and controlled by chromatin state.
Exposure to BA.4/BA.5 Spike glycoprotein drives pan-Omicron neutralization in vaccine-experienced humans and mice
Authors: Muik Alexander , Lui Bonny Gaby , Bacher Maren , Wallisch Ann-Kathrin , Toker Aras , Couto Carla Iris Cadima , Güler Alptekin , Mampilli Veena , Schmitt Geneva J. , Mottl Jonathan , Ziegenhals Thomas , Fesser Stephanie , Reinholz Jonas , Wernig Florian , Schraut Karla-Gerlinde , Hefesha Hossam , Cai Hui , Yang Qi , Walzer Kerstin C. , Grosser Jessica , Strauss Stefan , Finlayson Andrew , Krüger Kimberly , Ozhelvaci Orkun , Grikscheit Katharina , Kohmer Niko , Ciesek Sandra , Swanson Kena A. , Vogel Annette B. , Türeci Özlem , Sahin Ugur 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and its sublineages show pronounced viral escape from neutralizing antibodies elicited by vaccination or prior SARS-CoV-2 variant infection owing to over 30 amino acid alterations within the spike (S) glycoprotein. We and others have recently reported that breakthrough infection of vaccinated individuals with Omicron sublineages BA.1 and BA.2 are associated with distinct patterns of cross-neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs). BA.2 breakthrough infection mediated overall stronger cross-neutralization of BA.2 and its descendants (BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5) compared to BA.1 breakthrough infection. Here we characterized the effect of Omicron BA.4/BA.5 S glycoprotein exposure on the magnitude and breadth of the neutralizing antibody response upon breakthrough infection in vaccinated individuals and in mice upon booster vaccination. We show that immune sera from triple mRNA-vaccinated individuals with subsequent Omicron BA.4/BA.5 breakthrough infection display broad and robust neutralizing activity against Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, and BA.4/BA.5. Administration of a prototypic BA.4/BA.5-adapted mRNA booster vaccine to mice following SARS-CoV-2 wild-type strain-based primary immunization is associated with similarly broad neutralizing activity. Immunization of naïve mice with a bivalent mRNA vaccine (wild-type + Omicron BA.4/BA.5) induces strong and broad neutralizing activity against Omicron VOCs and previous variants. These findings suggest that when administered as boosters, mono- and bivalent Omicron BA.4/BA.5-adapted vaccines may enhance neutralization breadth, and in a bivalent format may also have the potential to confer protection to individuals with no pre-existing immunity against SARS-CoV-2.
The spatio-temporal architecture of everyday manual behavior
Authors: Sili Daniele , Giorgi Chiara De , Pizzuti Alessandra , Spezialetti Matteo , de Pasquale Francesco , Betti Viviana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn everyday activities, humans use a finite number of postural hand configurations, but how do they flow into each other to create sophisticated manual behavior? We hypothesized that hand movement emerges through the temporal dynamics of a set of recurrent hand shapes characterized by specific transitions. Through a sensorized glove, we collected kinematics data from thirty-six participants preparing and having breakfast in naturalistic conditions. By means of a combined PCA/clustering- based approach, we identified a repertoire of hand states and their transitions over time. We found that manual behavior can be described in space through a complex organization of basic configurations. These, even in an unconstrained experiment, recurred across subjects. A specific temporal structure, highly consistent within the sample, seems to integrate such identified hand shapes to realize skilled movements. Our findings suggest that the simplification of the motor commands unravels in the temporal dimension more than in the spatial one.
A community healthcare clinic in Baltimore: healing environment, design criteria, and assessment metrics
Authors: Gharipour Mohammad , Tyne Intisar Ameen , Afsary Shermineh , Hemme Naomi , Trout Amber L. 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to identify quick, effective and affordable architectural design solutions to improve the health of patients, visitors and staff, in an underfunded community healthcare center (CHC) in Baltimore.Design/methodology/approachBoth qualitative (individual and Focus group interviews) and quantitative methods (space syntax analysis and questionnaire survey) are used to assess the healing environment. The questionnaires cover interior and exterior environment related questions.FindingsThe questionnaire identifies three issues related to wayfinding, interior design, and access to natural light. The findings demonstrate that the waiting area, exam room and laboratory need to be upgraded. Incorporation of some other interior components including, wall art, plants, music, signage are also suggested by the respondents.Originality/valueVery few studies in the USA have been done to understand the effects of architectural design to create a healing environment on the community scale.
The curvilinear relationship between hindrance stressors and bootlegging: the moderate role of state ownership
Authors: Chen Mengsang , Wang Xiaohui , Wu Haibo , You Aiqiong 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to provide insights into bootleg innovation by investigating whether perceived hindrance stressors play an important role in bootlegging and how different organizational ownership types (state-owned enterprises (SOEs) vs non-SOEs) affect this relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe study samples comprised 3,967 employees from 674 knowledge-intensive companies in southern China. Multilevel structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses.FindingsDrawing on the conservation of resources (COR) theory, the results show that hindrance stressors have a curvilinear (U-shaped) influence on bootleg innovation, and that the curve relationship between the hindrance stressors and bootlegging is more pronounced among employees in non-SOEs.Practical implicationsThe findings indicate that either a low or high level of hindrance stressors can activate a high level of bootlegging activities among employees. These results suggest that managers need to be vigilant in detecting the level of hindrance because different motivations predominate at different stressor levels.Originality/valueBased on the COR theory, the findings cast perceived hindrance stressors as an antecedent of bootlegging at the individual level. The inquiry into state ownership types further provides a comprehensive understanding of the non-linear relationship between hindrance stressors and bootlegging.
An assessment of tendencies toward teleworking using TAMs: lessons from Covid-19 era for post-pandemic days
Authors: Nosratzadeh Hossein , Edrisi Ali 
Published: September 2022

PurposeDuring the Covid-19 period, when human beings are socially isolated, telework is a viable solution to safeguard employees' health. Because many employees have never experienced such a working system and organizations have not planned for it before the pandemic, imposing employees to telework has adversely affected their productivity and efficiency. This study aims to identify factors affecting individuals' tendency toward teleworking during the pandemic, which can lead to practical solutions for the post-pandemic era.Design/methodology/approachThrough the use of technology acceptance models, a conceptual model was designed. Data used to assess the model were cross-sectional and derived from 229 questionnaires filled out by employees in Tehran. The AMOS24 software processed the corresponding structural equation model.FindingsThe results from the cross-sectional data indicated that attitude toward telework and perceived behavioral control over the system were significantly correlated directly with the intention to telework, while perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use of telework were correlated indirectly. Therefore, the integrated model predicts behavioral intentions better than single models performed separately.Originality/valuePsychological and mental health research describing adoption intentions of telework, particularly those focusing on employees, is still lacking. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study in this regard that has used a conceptual model derived from two technology acceptance models during the Covid-19 outbreak. An era in which the extent of the pandemic has forced employees to experience such working systems and thus the importance and practicality of teleworking have been more evident to nearly every individual.
Keeping a lower profile: how firms can reduce their digital carbon footprints
Authors: Jackson Thomas W. , Hodgkinson Ian Richard 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
In the pursuit of net-zero, the decarbonization activities of organizations are a critical feature of any sustainability strategy. However, government policy and recent technological innovations do not address the digital carbon footprint of organizations. The paper aims to present the concept of single-use dark data and how knowledge reuse by organizations is a means to digital decarbonization.

Design/methodology/approach
Businesses in all sectors must contribute to reducing digital carbon emissions globally, and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first to examine “how” from a knowledge (re)use perspective. Drawing on insights from the knowledge creation process, the paper presents a set of pathways to greater knowledge reuse for the reduction of organizations’ digital carbon footprint.

Findings
Businesses continually collect, process and store knowledge but generally fail to reuse these knowledge assets – referred to as dark data. Consequently, this dark data has a huge impact on energy use and global emissions. This model is the first to show explicit pathways that businesses can follow to sustainable knowledge practices.

Practical implications
If businesses are to be proactive in their collective pursuit of net-zero, then it becomes paramount that reducing the digital carbon footprint becomes a key sustainability target. The paper presents how this might be accomplished, offering practical and actionable guidance to businesses for digital decarbonization.

Originality/value
Two critical questions are facing businesses: how can decarbonization be achieved? And can it be achieved at a low-cost? Awareness of the damaging impact digitalization may be having on the environment is in its infancy, yet knowledge reuse is a proactive and cost-effective route to reduce carbon emissions, which is explored in the paper.
Subjective assessment on the preferences and perceptions of acoustic classification in eatery places
Authors: Mistar Noor Aini , Sulaiman Raha , Che Din Nazli Bin 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the diners’ preference and perception on six acoustic classifications in eatery places during their casual dining. These classifications’ relationship with diners’ experience and significant impacts on diners’ preferences and perceptions during casual dining will be analyzed.

Design/methodology/approach
The data was collected quantitatively with randomly distributed self-administrated questionnaires during the restaurants' operating hours; 449 respondents who dined in at two casual dining restaurants in Melaka city area participated.

Findings
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tests revealed that the majority of the diners were not adversely affected by the noise level, and they did not have difficulties with their conversations. The results also indicated that the respondents felt that the noise did not stop them from returning to the restaurants. This study's findings may lay the groundwork for future studies to provide the acoustic comfort classification in eatery places, which can also be integrated and synthesized to be used as a reference for acoustic design and practice.

Research limitations/implications
The number of participants used simple random sampling method. Therefore, the sample cannot be typical for the target population, and there is a limited possibility of generalizing the present findings. The data collection was only gathered from two eatery places with similar typologies at the similar demographic background of customers because it was collected at Melaka city. Thus, the impacts of customers may differ at other typologies and locate in different regions, and the physical environment and the quality offered are also different in other places. The measured determinant factors only focus on the diners’ characteristics; thus, future research should be done to investigate other determinant factors impacting the preference and perceived acoustical comfort in eatery places.

Practical implications
The findings in this study would provide a basis reference to assess and evaluate the acoustic classification in eatery places that suits the customers’ perceived satisfaction.

Social implications
This study identified that demographic characteristic, gender and age are not the prominent determinant factors influencing the diners’ preference and perceived acoustical comfort in eatery places. Moreover, the days and dining hours were also found to be the determinants that will influence the preferences.

Originality/value
This paper has developed determining factors on acoustics classification that can be applied upon designing eatery places as well as a fundamental approach in developing rating for acoustics comfort index as reference for the diners to choose where to dine based on their preference and activities.