bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell‐Selective Encapsulation within Metal–Organic Framework Shells via Precursor‐Functionalized Aptamer Identification for Whole‐Cell Cancer Vaccine
Authors: Yang Huihui , Zhang Yanfei , Zeng Leli , Yin Wen , Xu Yuzhi , Chen Jun , Liu Si‐Yang , Zou Xiaoyong , He Zhiyu , Dai Zong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSingle‐cell encapsulation is an emerging technology to endow cells with various functions, of which developing new applications in vivo is in high demand. Currently, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) that are used as nanometric shells to coat living cells, however, have not realized cell‐selective encapsulation. Here, a biocompatible and selective cell encapsulation strategy based on precursor‐functionalized nucleolin aptamer and in situ MOF mineralization on the aptamer‐identified cancer cell surface are developed. After MOF coating, the encapsulated cancer cells undergo immunogenic cell death, which is found associated with the changed cell stiffness (indicated by Young's modulus). The immunogenic dead cancer cells are used as whole‐cell cancer vaccines (WCCVs), forming the integral WCCV‐in‐shell structure with enhanced immunogenicity ascribing from the surface‐exposed calreticulin to promote dendritic cell recruitment, antigen presentation, and T‐cell activation. The major activation pathways in the immune response are identified including tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, and Toll‐like receptor signaling pathway, suggesting the potential adjuvant effect of the MOF shells. After vaccination, WCCV‐in‐shell shows much better tumor immunoprophylaxis than either the imperfectly coated cancer cells or the traditional WCCV. This strategy is promising for the universal and facile development of novel whole‐cell vaccines.
Mechanical and permeability properties on self‐healing of cementitious composites effect of nano silica cure
Authors: Akın Arife 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe self‐healing behavior of concrete elements with high risk of crack formation under various conditions from the moment of production has become a very important issue. In this study, the effectiveness of nano silica (NS) curing solutions in terms of self‐healing behavior in engineered cementitious composites (ECC) was investigated. For this purpose, precuring was applied to the cementitious composite mixture prepared with four different contents for 7, 28, and 90 days and then half of the specimens were exposed to damage to certain extents of the mechanical strength loads. Half of the specimens were left in a 2% solution of NS for a further period of 7, 30, 60, and 90 days, and another portion was left in curing only in water (W). The mechanical properties of the sound and preloaded specimens were investigated with compressive and flexural tests, and the improvements in permeability were investigated with the help of water absorption and sorptivity tests. As a result of the experimental studies, it was observed that the nano silica solution applied to the specimens during the curing phase caused a more effective and rapid healing in the mechanical and permeability properties of the composites when compared with the water curing.
Effect of drop‐size parameterization and rain amount on blade‐lifetime calculations considering leading‐edge erosion
Authors: Tilg Anna‐Maria , Skrzypiński Witold R. , Hannesdóttir Ásta , Hasager Charlotte Bay 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLeading‐edge erosion (LEE) of wind turbine blades is caused by the impact of particles, for example, raindrops, and leads to a loss in the power production and high maintenance cost. Investigations have shown that a reduction in tip speed, so‐called erosion‐safe mode, increases the blade lifetime but the influence of different drop‐size parameterizations and rain amounts on the blade lifetime is unclear. This study compares blade lifetime calculations using two different drop‐size parameterizations, which both describe a characteristic drop size of a rain measurement. Furthermore, changes in blade lifetime in case rain amount is increased or decreased are investigated as well as the effect of different wind shear exponents. The blade‐lifetime calculations are based on a kinetic‐energy model and an accumulated rain model. The results show that a drop‐size parameterization based on rain rate leads to 44 times longer blade lifetime compared with a parameterization using in situ drop‐size measurements. This large difference is probably due to the underestimation of large drops of the first mentioned parameterization. A change in rain amount of about ±17 % results only in a marginal change in blade lifetime. For both cases and models, an extension of blade lifetime was calculated when reducing the tip speed during specific rain events. The change of wind shear exponents caused as well a considerable effect on the lifetime prediction. Overall, blade lifetime is primary depending on the chosen model, where the kinetic‐energy model is highly sensitive to the drop‐size parameterization.
Exponential Stability of Evolutionary Equations
Authors: Seifert Christian , Trostorff Sascha , Waurick Marcus 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this chapter we study the exponential stability of evolutionary equations. Roughly speaking, exponential stability of a well-posed evolutionary equation
$$\displaystyle \left (\partial _{t,\nu }M(\partial _{t,\nu })+A\right )U=F $$

∂

t
,
ν

M
(

∂

t
,
ν

)
+
A

U
=
F
means that exponentially decaying right-hand sides F lead to exponentially decaying solutions U. The main problem in defining the notion of exponential decay for a solution of an evolutionary equation is the lack of continuity with respect to time, so a pointwise definition would not make sense in this framework. Instead, we will use our exponentially weighted spaces
$$L_{2,\nu }(\mathbb {R};H)$$

L

2
,
ν

(
ℝ
;
H
)
, but this time for negative ν, and define the exponential stability by the invariance of these spaces under the solution operator associated with the evolutionary equation under consideration.
Continuous Dependence on the Coefficients II
Authors: Seifert Christian , Trostorff Sascha , Waurick Marcus 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis chapter is concerned with the study of problems of the form
$$\displaystyle \left (\partial _{t,\nu }M_{n}(\partial _{t,\nu })+A\right )U_{n}=F $$

∂

t
,
ν

M

n

(

∂

t
,
ν

)
+
A

U

n

=
F
for a suitable sequence of material laws
$$\left (M_{n}\right )_{n}$$

M

n

n

when A ≠ 0. The aim of this chapter will be to provide the conditions required for convergence of the material law sequence to imply the existence of a limit material law M such that the limit U =limn→∞Un exists and satisfies
$$\displaystyle \left (\partial _{t,\nu }M(\partial _{t,\nu })+A\right )U=F. $$

∂

t
,
ν

M
(

∂

t
,
ν

)
+
A

U
=
F
.
ABJM at strong coupling from M-theory, localization, and Lorentzian inversion
Authors: Alday Luis F. , Chester Shai M. , Raj Himanshu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We study the stress tensor multiplet four-point function in the 3d maximally supersymmetric ABJ(M) theory with Chern-Simons level k = 2, which in the large N limit is holographically dual to weakly coupled M-theory on AdS4 × S7/ℤ2. We use the Lorentzian inversion to compute the 1-loop correction to this holographic correlator coming from Witten diagrams with supergravity R and the first higher derivative correction R4 vertices, up to a finite number of contact terms that contribute to low spins where the inversion formula does not converge. We find a precise match with the corresponding terms in the 11d M-theory S-matrix by taking the flat space limit, which is not sensitive to these contact terms. We then conjecturally fix these contact terms by analytically continuing the inversion formula below its expected range of convergence, and verify this conjecture using supersymmetric localization. Finally, we compare some of the 1-loop CFT data to non-perturbative in N bounds from the numerical conformal bootstrap, which we compute at unprecedently high accuracy, and find that the 1-loop corrections saturate the bounds in the large N regime, which extends the previously observed match at tree level.
On the Shroer–Sauer–Ott–Yorke Predictability Conjecture for Time-Delay Embeddings
Authors: Barański Krzysztof , Gutman Yonatan , Śpiewak Adam 
Published: February 2022

AbstractShroer, Sauer, Ott and Yorke conjectured in 1998 that the Takens delay embedding theorem can be improved in a probabilistic context. More precisely, their conjecture states that if $$\mu $$
μ
is a natural measure for a smooth diffeomorphism of a Riemannian manifold and k is greater than the information dimension of $$\mu $$
μ
, then k time-delayed measurements of a one-dimensional observable h are generically sufficient for a predictable reconstruction of $$\mu $$
μ
-almost every initial point of the original system. This reduces by half the number of required measurements, compared to the standard (deterministic) setup. We prove the conjecture for ergodic measures and show that it holds for a generic smooth diffeomorphism, if the information dimension is replaced by the Hausdorff one. To this aim, we prove a general version of predictable embedding theorem for injective Lipschitz maps on compact sets and arbitrary Borel probability measures. We also construct an example of a $$C^\infty $$

C
∞

-smooth diffeomorphism with a natural measure, for which the conjecture does not hold in its original formulation.
An Ecological Accounting System for Integrated Aquatic Planning and Habitat Banking with Case Study on the Toronto Waterfront, Ontario, Canada
Authors: Doka Susan E. , Minns Charles K. , Valere Brent G. , Cooke Steven J. , Portiss Rick J. , Sciscione Thomas F. , Rose Alwyn 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA key aspect of contemporary fish habitat management is the need to account for losses and gains associated with development and offsetting measures while protecting high quality features. We propose an ecological accounting framework for aquatic ecosystems using habitat equivalents scaled to aquatic productivity, and using fish-to-habitat associations by life stage, based on local fish community needs. The framework uses both landscape-scale and site-level evaluations of pre- and post-project habitat changes to assign and track habitat parcels, using ecological baselines and fish-habitat target setting. Concepts of natural capital reserves and productivity-based ecotypes are used for trading losses and gains between impacts from development projects and offsets, including restoration actions, while maintaining ecologically important areas intact. Traditional accounting terms such as deposits, withdrawals, and transfers are defined using scaled habitat-equivalents as the currency. Other key features of the framework include setting a service area that is ecologically meaningful, and conducting habitat transactions guided by habitat conservation, protection, and restoration (habitat CPR) principles. The nearshore area of the Toronto and Region is used as a case study to illustrate the eco-accounting framework and how habitat banking could be incorporated along with planned restoration to remediate this degraded but continually developed area. The framework represents significant advances in managing cumulative habitat effects in an integrated way, moving away from a focus on only project- or site-level assessments. We feel this approach could be adapted to other ecosystem types in addition to the lake, nearshore area example provided here.
Thylakoid fatty acid composition and response to short-term cold and heat stress in high-latitude Symbiodiniaceae
Authors: Oakley Clinton A. , Pontasch Stefanie , Fisher Paul L. , Wilkinson Shaun P. , Keyzers Robert A. , Krueger Thomas , Dove Sophie , Hoegh-Guldberg Ove , Leggat William , Davy Simon K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCoral reefs are restricted to warm waters, but are increasingly threatened by coral bleaching induced by sustained high sea surface temperatures. Coral endosymbiont thermal resilience has been proposed to depend, at least in part, on the lipid composition of their thylakoid membranes, which influences photosynthetic performance under sub- and super-optimal thermal conditions in photosynthetic organisms. Dinoflagellate symbionts of high-latitude coral reefs experience large seasonal changes in temperature, requiring a wide range of thermal tolerance, and so the thermal responses of their membrane lipids are of particular interest. Using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, we investigated the composition and response to high- and low-temperature stress of thylakoid fatty acids of dinoflagellate symbionts isolated from corals of Lord Howe Island, the world’s southernmost coral reef. We detected genotype-specific differences in the quality of thylakoid fatty acids of two Cladocopium ITS2 consortia/genotypes, C100/118 and C111*, common local symbionts of the corals Pocillopora damicornis and Porites heronensis. The capability to adjust thylakoid fatty acid composition in response to temperature differed between distinct Cladocopium genotypes, and between the same Cladocopium consortium (C100/118) in the same coral species from different locations. Fatty acid adjustments were highly similar in response to short-term cold and heat stresses, with substantial increases in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and a corresponding increase in the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids, but these changes did not correlate with the quantum yield of photosystem II. The response of thylakoid fatty acid composition to changes in temperature was a function of symbiont genotype, coral host species and, potentially, environmental history. Our data suggest the existence of common responses to high- and low-temperature stresses and that thylakoid fatty acid saturation is an unreliable predictor of photosystem efficiency under thermal stress in dinoflagellate symbionts.
Experimental investigation of the pre–Darcy regime
Authors: Boettcher Konrad E. R. , Fischer Michael-David , Neumann Tim , Ehrhard Peter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe validity of Darcy’s law at very low Reynolds numbers is discussed controversially in literature, as some authors propose a pre–Darcy flow regime below some critical Reynolds number. The scope of this work is to investigate this problem experimentally. Therefore, a packing of glass spheres is perfused by different glycerin–water solutions. A linear behaviour between the flow velocity and the pressure drop through the packed spheres is found in the complete investigated range of Reynolds number $${Re}_{d'}$$

Re

d
′

, based on the mean-pore diameter $$d'$$

d
′

and mean-pore velocity $$v'$$

v
′

with $$10^{-9} \le {Re}_{d'} \le 10^{-1}$$

10

-
9

≤

Re

d
′

≤

10

-
1

. This contradicts the results of different authors like Fand et al. (1987) or Kececioglu and Jiang (1994), postulating a pre–Darcy regime for $${Re}_{d'} \le 2.8 \cdot 10^{-6}$$

Re

d
′

≤
2.8
·

10

-
6

or $${Re}_{d'} \le 0.13$$

Re

d
′

≤
0.13

, respectively.
Graphical abstract
Needs and preferences of patients regarding atopic dermatitis care in the era of new therapeutic options: a qualitative study
Authors: de Wijs Linde E. M. , van Egmond Sven , Devillers Arjan C. A. , Nijsten Tamar , Hijnen DirkJan , Lugtenberg Marjolein 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTo optimally tailor atopic dermatitis (AD) care to patients’ needs, especially considering the many emerging therapeutic options, insight into patients’ needs and preferences regarding AD care is needed. To explore patients’ needs and preferences regarding AD care, a qualitative study consisting of three focus groups with a total of 20 adult AD patients was conducted. All sessions were transcribed verbatim and inductively analyzed using several phases of coding to create an overview of patients’ needs and preferences. AD patients emphasized the need for a patient-tailored approach in all identified aspects of AD care. With regard to consultations, patients stressed the need for a personal approach and increased recognition of the disease impact, which should mainly be determined by patients. With regard to the organization of AD care, the need for psychosocial and medical supportive care as well as quick access to health-care providers during disease flares was emphasized. Within the decision-making process, patients indicated that the provided information, the role of the patient and physician, whether or not treatment goals should be set, and decisive factors for indication and feasibility of novel therapies should be patient dependent. AD care should be patient tailored with increased attention for the psychosocial burden, as well as better access to health care during disease flares. To provide patient-tailored care, the personal situation, needs, and preferences of the patient should be taken into account in the therapeutic decision-making process, with respect for the autonomy of the patient.
A critical appraisal of MAO-B inhibitors in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Jost Wolfgang H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSince the 1980s, the MAO-B inhibitors have gained considerable status in the therapy of the Parkinson’s disease. In addition to the symptomatic effect in mono- and combination therapies, a neuroprotective effect has repeatedly been a matter of some discussion, which has unfortunately led to a good many misunderstandings. Due to potential interactions, selegiline has declined in significance in the field. For the MAO-B inhibitor safinamide, recently introduced to the market, an additional inhibition of pathological release of glutamate has been postulated. At present, rasagiline and selegiline are being administered in early therapy as well as in combination with levodopa. Safinamide has been approved only for combination therapy with levodopa when motor fluctuations have occurred. MAO-B inhibitors are a significant therapeutic option for Parkinson’s disease, an option which is too often not appreciated properly.
Affektregulation und soziale Kognition bei Psychose
Authors: Steinmair D. , Masic N. , Schwigon D. , Löffler-Stastka H. 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungGelingende soziale Interaktionen sind für das Wohlbefinden eine entscheidende Komponente; Sozialität ist ein Merkmal menschlicher Gruppen. Psychose und Begegnung im sozialen Umfeld stellen eine Herausforderung an die Beziehungsgestaltung dar. Subtile Interventionen von TherapeutInnenseite können eine erfolgreiche Interaktion bewirken. Entscheidend ist die Berücksichtigung der Affektregulation.
Hair androgen concentrations and depressive disorders in adolescents from the general population
Authors: Kische Hanna , Voss Catharina , Haring Robin , Ollmann Theresa Magdalena , Pieper Lars , Kirschbaum Clemens , Beesdo-Baum Katja 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlthough the link between androgens and depression is well established in adults, the effects of cofactors on this association are less clearly understood, particularly in youth. Epidemiological cohort study of adolescents in Dresden, Germany. Analyses comprised data of 985 individuals assessed at baseline and of 512 individuals at 1-year follow-up. We investigated multivariable regression models for cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of hair testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and their cortisol ratios with 12-month diagnoses of major depressive disorder (MDD) and MDD without any anxiety disorder assessed with standardized diagnostic interview (DIA-X-5), and with dimensional depression scores (PHQ-9, PROMIS), separately for males and females. The potential moderating effect of social support was determined. Cross-sectional analyses yielded inverse associations of testosterone and DHEA with MDD and MDD without any anxiety disorders in males. In cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, baseline ratio cortisol/DHEA was significantly, inversely associated to PROMIS-depression in males. Only cross-sectional associations for ratio cortisol/DHEA and PROMIS-depression remained significant after Bonferroni-Holm correction. No robust associations were observed in female participants. Social support exerted no consistent moderating effect on the investigated association. The present observational cohort study showed no consistent association of hair androgen concentrations with depressive disorders in adolescents. However, findings provide some support for the association between the cortisol/DHEA ratio and depression in males. Longitudinal research designs in large samples are needed to understand the interplay between androgens, depression, and developmental and social factors in youth.
K-adaptability in stochastic optimization
Authors: Malaguti Enrico , Monaci Michele , Pruente Jonas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe consider stochastic problems in which both the objective function and the feasible set are affected by uncertainty. We address these problems using a K-adaptability approach, in which K solutions for a given problem are computed before the uncertainty dissolves and afterwards the best of them can be chosen for the realized scenario. We analyze the complexity of the resulting problem from a theoretical viewpoint, showing that, even in case the deterministic problem can be solved in polynomial time, deciding if a feasible solution exists is $$\mathcal {NP}$$
NP
-hard for discrete probability distributions. Besides that, we prove that an approximation factor for the underlying problem can be carried over to our problem. Finally, we present exact approaches including a branch-and-price algorithm. An extensive computational analysis compares the performances of the proposed algorithms on a large set of randomly generated instances.
Positivity for the clamped plate equation under high tension
Authors: Eichmann Sascha , Schätzle Reiner M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this article, we consider positivity issues for the clamped plate equation with high tension $$\gamma >0$$

γ
>
0

. This equation is given by $$\Delta ^2u - \gamma \Delta u=f$$

Δ
2

u
-
γ
Δ
u
=
f

under clamped boundary conditions. Here, we show that given a positive f, i.e. upwards pushing, we find a $$\gamma _0>0$$

γ
0

>
0

such that for all $$\gamma \ge \gamma _0$$

γ
≥

γ
0

the bending u is indeed positive. This $$\gamma _0$$

γ
0

only depends on the domain and the ratio of the $$L^1$$

L
1

and $$L^\infty $$

L
∞

norm of f. In contrast to a recent result by Cassani and Tarsia, our approach is valid in all dimensions.
Invasive Ableitung der Insel
Authors: Dorfer Christian , Herta Johannes , Roessler Karl 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungFür die Implantation von Elektroden bei Verdacht auf insuläre Epilepsie stehen verschiedene Zugänge zur Verfügung: 1) offen über eine Kraniotomie, 2) stereotaktisch, wobei die Elektroden orthogonal oder schräg über den Frontallappen und Parietallappen implantiert werden. Die stereotaktische Implantation wird rahmenbasiert, navigationsbasiert oder roboterunterstützt durchgeführt. Die unterschiedlichen Zugänge haben jeweils Vor- und Nachteile in Bezug auf die Anatomie, Funktion und Abdeckung des Inselkortex. Diese Aspekte werden in dieser Übersichtsarbeit ausgeführt.
Essentials of numerical nonsmooth optimization
Authors: Gaudioso Manlio , Giallombardo Giovanni , Miglionico Giovanna 
Published: February 2022

AbstractApproximately sixty years ago two seminal findings, the cutting plane and the subgradient methods, radically changed the landscape of mathematical programming. They provided, for the first time, the practical chance to optimize real functions of several variables characterized by kinks, namely by discontinuities in their derivatives. Convex functions, for which a superb body of theoretical research was growing in parallel, naturally became the main application field of choice. The aim of the paper is to give a concise survey of the key ideas underlying successive development of the area, which took the name of numerical nonsmooth optimization. The focus will be, in particular, on the research mainstreams generated under the impulse of the two initial discoveries.