bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unsteady Triple Diffusive Convection Embedded with Darcy-Brinkman Three Temperature Model
Authors: Shukla Shushant , Gupta Urvashi , Wanchoo R. K. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The theory of the binary nanofluid layer heated and soluted from below under the effect of local thermal non-equilibrium has been investigated by applying the technique of superposition of basic feasible modes with one term residual method. The so-called Darcy-Brinkman model for the top-heavy distribution of nanoparticles has been employed. A three-temperature LTNE model, assuming one-temperature field for the solid matrix, one for the base fluid, and one for the suspended nano-sized particles is employed incorporating the effects of Brownian and thermophoretic diffusions. Numerical computations are carried out with the software Mathematica (version 12.0). The novelty of the problem lies in the fact that destabilizing influence of nanoparticles and solute is countered with the stabilization due to the presence of Darcy-Brinkman porous medium. Further, the four LTNE parameters also have the balancing effect on the system.
Spatial analysis of provincial and district trends in stunting among children under five years from 2001 to 2016
Authors: Nepali Sajama , Simkhada Padam , Thapa Balaram 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The average prevalence of stunting reported by the Nepal Demographic Health Survey from 2001 to 2016 only reports the prevalence of stunting at the national level and provincial and district level information is missing. Also, no previous study has reported a provincial trend in stunting from 2001 to 2016. This study for the first time presents the spatial trend of stunting among children under five years for 7 provinces and 77 districts of Nepal over 15 years using Demographic Health Survey Global Positioning System coordinates, Demographic Health Survey indicators, and geospatial covariates.
Methods
This is a secondary analysis of data from Nepal Demographic Health Survey from 2001 to 2016. The study population was children under five years. The outcome variable was stunting, which was analyzed as per districts and provinces. Sample weight was applied to calculate the percentage of stunting and 95% confidence interval for all survey years. The geographic dataset was used to provide information about the latitude and longitude of the survey cluster. Poisson-based model was used during the purely spatial analysis in SatScan for identification of clusters with stunting caseload.
Results
The reduction in the prevalence of stunting among children under five years has not been equal when disaggregated for district and provincial level data. In 2001, 57 districts had a prevalence of stunting among children above or equal to 50%, which has reduced over time except for districts in Karnali province. In 2016, 16 districts had a prevalence of stunting above or equal to 50%. Jumla (91.7%) and Kalikot (77.8%) still had the highest prevalence of stunting as of 2001. Among 7 provinces, the prevalence of stunting is found highest in Karnali for all subsequent survey years. Sudurpaschim and Madhesh provinces also had a high proportion of stunted children. The highest reduction in the prevalence of stunting was noted for Province Bagmati (by 30%) and Gandaki (by 28%).
Conclusions
The inequalities in childhood stunting persisted at the district and provincial levels although a good decline was noted at the national level. This calls for rigorous attention to be provided to districts and provinces with a high prevalence of stunting, and being prioritized for a targeted intervention
The Temporal and spatial endophytic fungal community of Huperzia serrata: diversity and relevance to huperzine A production by the host
Authors: Shen Zhuhui , Liu Xubing , Wang Yanli , Yang Jia , Yao Kai , Huo Qingmiao , Fu Yanping , Wei Yahui , Guo Bin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Plants maintain the steady-state balance of the mutually beneficial symbiosis relationship of their endophytic fungi through secondary metabolites. Meanwhile endophytic fungi can serve as biological inducers to promote the biosynthesis and accumulation of valuable secondary metabolites in host plants through a variety of ways. The composition and structure of endophytic fungal community are affected by many factors, including tissues, seasons and so on. We studied the community diversity, temporal and spatial pattern of endophytic fungi isolated from the roots, stems and leaves of Huperzia serrata in different seasons. The correlation between endophytic fungi and huperzine A content in plants was analyzed.
Results
A total of 7005 operational taxonomic units were isolated, and all strains were identified as 14 phyla, 54 classes, 140 orders, 351 families, 742 genera. Alpha diversity analysis showed that the diversity of endophytic fungi in stem and leaf was higher than that in root, and the diversity in summer (August) was lower than that in other months. NMDS analysis showed that the endophytic fungal communities of leaves, stems and roots were significantly different, and the root and leaf communities were also different between four seasons. Through correlation analysis, it was found that 33 genera of the endophytic fungi of Huperzia serrata showed a significant positive correlation with the content of huperzine A (p < 0.05), of which 13 genera (Strelitziana、Devriesia、Articulospora、Derxomyces、Cyphellophora、Trechispora、Kurtzmanomyces、Capnobotryella、Erythrobasidium、Camptophora、Stagonospora、Lachnum、Golubevia) showed a highly significant positive correlation with the content of huperzine A (p < 0.01). These endophytic fungi may have the potential to promote the biosynthesis and accumulation of huperzine A in plant.
Conclusions
This report is the first time to analyze the diversity of endophytic fungi in tissues of Huperzia serrata from different seasons, which proves that there is variability in different tissues and seasonal distribution patterns. These findings provide references to the study of Endophytic Fungi of Huperzia serrata.
Effects of a minimally invasive technique for patients diagnosed with different classifications of tennis elbow: A randomized control trial
Authors: Ge Lin-Pu , Cheng Feng , Zhang Rui-Kun , Chen Zhi-Neng , Yao Xin-Miao , Xie Yue-Peng , Li Gui-Jin , Liu Xiao-Qian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Tennis elbow has long been one of the most controversial subjects in orthopaedics. Many scholars thought the use of open or arthroscopic surgery was reserved for patients with refractory symptoms. Therapy with percutaneous acupotomy performed under local anaesthesia also removes degenerated tissue, releases strain, and therefore provides an alternative treatment option to surgical excision.
Purpose
The aim of this single-blinded randomized control trial was to examine the long-term clinical effectiveness of a nonsurgical percutaneous release technique (acupotomy) and the current standard of care (steroid injection) in people diagnosed with a refractory tennis elbow.
Methods
Ninety patients with refractory symptoms were included. The intervention period was 6 weeks. According to the classification, 38 patients had extra-articular tennis elbow, 36 patients had intraarticular tennis elbow, and 16 patients had mixed type tennis elbow. Forty-five patients were randomly assigned to treatment with percutaneous release by acupotomy according to their classified condition, and 45 patients were randomly assigned to treatment with steroid injection alone. The visual analogue scale (VAS), a tenderness assessment, a grip assessment, and the Nirschl staging system were used for outcome evaluation at pretreatment and the posttreatment timepoints at 1, 6, 12, 24 and 48 weeks.
Results
During the first weeks, there were no differences observed between the groups. By 6, 24 and 48 weeks, significant differences were observed between the two groups. The acupotomy group scored significantly better in nearly all outcome measures than the corticosteroid group.
Conclusions
For patients with lateral epicondylitis, acupotomy is just as effective as corticosteroid injections in the short term (< 6 weeks). In the long term, acupotomy has greater efficacy and is associated with a lower rate of recurrence than corticosteroid injections in the management of lateral epicondylitis.
An Endoscopic treatment for male short segment posterior urethral stricture
Authors: Pang Kun , Zhu Zuobin , Xu Hao , Hao Lin , Shi Zhenduo , Dong Yang , Zhu Guangyuan , Pan Deng , Ma Yuyang , Han Conghui 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
To introduce a new sequential sheath urethral dilatation (SSUD) method to treat male short segment posterior urethral stricture (MSS-PUS).
Methods
67 male patients who had a MSS-PUS were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of two groups: group A (SSUD) and group B (Cold knife internal urethrotomy, CIU). Baseline information, including age, diabetes status, location of urethral stricture, preoperative ultrasound post-void residual (PVR) measurement, preoperative maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), and preoperative International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) were collected and compared between groups. The operation time, postoperative length of hospital stay, indwelling catheter size, success rate, operative complications, recurrence, postoperative PVR, Qmax, and IPSS were evaluated and compared between the two groups.
Results
There was no significant difference in the baseline data, postoperative data, the complication, recurrence rates, postoperative length of hospital stay and postoperative PVR measurements between the two groups (p > 0.05), but the difference in immediate success rate, operative time, indwelling catheter size, postoperative Qmax and postoperative IPSS was statistically significant (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
We introduced a new SSUD method to treat MSS-PUS. The immediate success rate, operation time, and surgical effect were better than the CID procedure.
Influence of different particle size and rock block proportion on microbial solidified soil-rock mixture
Authors: Sun Yongshuai , lv jianguo , Tuo Ya , Wang Guihe 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper takes soil-rock mixture as the research object, and focuses on the application of mechanical properties of soil-rock mixture improved by microbial mineralization under the influence of different factors. In this paper, the prepared bacterial liquid and cementation reagent are used to mix the bacterial liquid and cementation reagent in the soil-rock mixture under different proportions，using the unconfined compressive strength test to find the optimal ratio of soil-rock consolidation, the microbial mineralization and cementation ability and physical and mechanical properties of soil-rock mixture under the influence of rock block proportion and particle size were discussed. The results show that the soil-rock mixture is not a uniform carrier of the medium, and the force on the surface of the sample is not uniform, with the increase of stress load, the stress-strain curve shows a sawtooth upward trend, peak value, etc.; the microbial cemented soil-rock mixture with the particle size of 0.2-0.4cm and 0.4-0.6cm under the rock block proportion of 50%, the unconfined compressive strength of the microbial cemented soil-rock mixture with a rock particle size of 0.6-0.9 cm reaches the highest at 60% rock block proportion ; when the stone content is 20%-50%, the unconfined compressive strength decreases with the increase of particle size; when the stone content is 60%, the value of unconfined compressive strength first decreases and then increases with the increase of particle size; both SEM and XRD test results proved that Sporosarcina pasteurii could effectively induce the formation of calcium carbonate, and crystallizes at the pores of the particles to improve the mechanical properties of the soil.
Cytogenomic investigation of syndromic Brazilian patients with differences of sexual development
Authors: Faria José Antonio Diniz , Moraes Daniela R. , Kulikowski Leslie Domenici , Batista Rafael Loch , Gomes Nathalia Lisboa , Nishi Mirian Yumie , Zanardo Evelin , Nonaka Carolina Kymie Vasques , Souza Bruno Solano de Freitas , Mendonca Berenice Bilharinho , Domenice Sorahia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Molecular biology and cytogenomics methods have gained space in the clinical investigation for patients with disorders/differences in sexual development (DSD). Here we aimed to evaluate the role of SNP-array in achieving a molecular diagnosis in a sample of 22 Brazilian patients with syndromic DSD of unknown etiology, and to compare the relationship between the clinical diagnosis and the SNP-array results.Methods: 22 patients with DSD associated with syndromic features in several systems other than the genital tract were included in the study and underwent search for genomic copy number variations (CNVs) by SNP-array.Results: In two patients, the diagnosis of 46,XX SRY+ DSD was established. Additionally, two deletions were revealed (3q29 and Xp22.33), justifying the syndromic phenotype in these patients. Two pathogenic CNVs, a 10q25.3-q26.2 and 13q33.1 deletion encompassing the FGFR2 and the EFNB2 gene were associated with genital atypia and syndromic characteristics in two patients with 46, XY DSD. In a third 46,XY DSD patient, we identified a duplication in the 14q11.2-q12 region of 6.5 Mb associated with a deletion in the 21p11.2-q21.3 region of 12.7Mb. In a 46,XY DSD patient with delayed neuropsychomotor development and congenital cataract, a 12Kb deletion on chromosome 10 was found, justifying the congenital cataract.Conclusions: The SNP-array technique identified the molecular etiology in 40% (2/5) of patients with 46,XX DSD and 17.6% (3/17) of patients with 46,XY DSD. In one patient the array contributed to partially clarify the patient's syndromic phenotype, but not the genital atypia.
Evaluation Effect of Different Grass Species and Wilting Time on Silage Quality
Authors: Shitaneh Esubalew , Arega Habtie , Getnet Mezgebu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Lack of choice on ensiling material and ensiling process for different grass species was the prominent problem for our area. The experiment was conducted in Pawe agriculture research center from the 2018 to 2020 cropping season.
Methods
Dirk ayfera (Andropogan gayanus), Degun geziya (Panicum maximum), Chefer bekoa (Pennisteum polystachion) and maize (Zea Mays, BH-545) were used, established and harvested at 50% heading for grass species and at milking stage for maize. Treatments were assigned to an RCD in factorial arrangement (3 x 4) fodder and three wilting hours 1, 2, & 3 with three replications. The silo was opened after 42 days and analyzed for DM losses, chemical composition, fermentation and sensory qualities and IVDMD.
Result
Silage texture significantly differed among grass species, but wilting time does not significantly affect the fermentation quality. Degun geziya grass silage had higher CP, ash, ADF and IVDMD than Andropogan gayanus, Pennisteum polystachion and maize silage.
Conclusions
We concluded the resulting silage making from three kinds of grass at 50% of heading and at one wilting hour was applicable. Further research should be focused on the importance of additives to improve quality and determine the duration of the ensiling period.
Impact of the 99DOTS digital adherence technology on tuberculosis treatment outcomes in North India: a pre-post study
Authors: Chen Amy Z. , Kumar Ravinder , Baria R. K. , Shridhar Pramod Kumar , Subbaraman Ramnath , Thies William 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: 99DOTS is a cellphone-based digital adherence technology. The state of Himachal Pradesh, India, made 99DOTS available to all adult patients with drug-sensitive tuberculosis (TB) in May 2018. While 99DOTS has engaged over 300,000 patients across India, few studies have evaluated its impact on TB treatment outcomes. Methods: We compared treatment outcomes of adult patients with drug-sensitive TB before and after Himachal Pradesh’s 99DOTS launch using data from India’s national TB database. Pre-intervention group patients initiated treatment between February and October 2017 (N=7722), and post-intervention group patients between July 2018 and March 2019 (N=8322). We analyzed patient engagement with 99DOTS and used multivariable logistic regression to estimate impact on treatment outcomes. Results: 2746 (33.0%) post-intervention group patients called 99DOTS at least once, on average calling on 58.5% of treatment days. In the pre-intervention group, 7186 (93.1%) had favorable treatment outcomes, compared to 7734 (92.9%) in the post-intervention group. This difference was not statistically significant (OR=0.981, 95%CI 0.869-1.108), including after controlling for patient characteristics (adjusted OR=0.970, 95%CI 0.854-1.102). Conclusions: We found no statistically significant difference in treatment outcomes before and after a large-scale implementation of 99DOTS. This result can be informative for programs seeking to design and prioritize impactful adherence interventions.
Heavy Metal Speciation and Evolution in Groundwaters Within the Lower Cross River Hydrological Basin, Se-Nigeria
Authors: EKWERE AZUBUIKE 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In recent times, a lot of work has been carried out in evaluating environmental impacts of potentially toxic metals on a wide variety of environmental materials in a wide range of different applications. This study documents the concentration levels and risk potentials of selected potentially toxic metals in shallow groundwaters across the lower Cross River hydrological basin. This is achieved by geochemical modeling using the VISUAL-MINTEQ computer program to identify ionic species, their saturation indices and possible bioavailability. Chemical analytical results show that the metals, Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Cr are of low concentrations, with no direct risk to water quality. Modeling indicates they are dominantly present as free mobile ions contributing major percentages to total ion concentration (approximate 60–90% of all metals in the groundwaters). Other ionic species, dominantly aqueous carbonate, sulphates, chlorides and hydroxides of these metals, exhibit lesser percentages of contributions to total ion concentrations. Estimated saturation indices shows the groundwaters are generally undersaturated with metallic species, with only Fe2+ ionic species recording oversaturation in groundwaters within the basement sector of the study area. Mn ions also show low levels of saturation in parts of the study area. The low concentrations of these metals and their ionic species are attributed to hydrochemical processes controlled by the presence of limiting mineral phases (carbonates and sulphates). Dominant presences of goethite further inhibit mobility of ionic species of metals and consequently reduce the risk of their contamination to groundwater and possible bioavailability.
Peptides Based Vaccine&nbsp;Against SARS-nCoV-2 Antigenic Fragmented Synthetic Epitopes Recognized by T-Cell and β-Cell initiate Specific Antibody to Fight the Infection
Authors:   Zainularifeen Abduljaleel 1, 2, 3, 4*,,   Faisal A. Al-Allaf 1, 2
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The World Health Organization has declared the rapidly spreading coronavirus to be a global pandemic. The FDA till yet approved a vaccine for human novel coronavirus. Here we developed a peptide-based vaccine and used high throughput screening by molecular dynamics simulation to identify T-cell and β-cell recognized epitopes to the production of specific antibodies against SARS-nCoV-2. We construct ~12 P` antigenic epitope peptides used to develop a more effective vaccine and identify specific antibody. These epitope peptides selectively best antigens presentation scores for both human pMHC- class I-II alleles to develop strong bindings affinity that were all antigens identified of SARS-nCoV-2 different proteins by each attached specific 1-7L linkers adaptor to construct a large single peripheral peptide vaccine. It is expected to be highly antigenic with a minimum allergic effect. Furthermore, considering the conservancy, this peptide vaccine promising to be highly utilized to a developed specific antibody against SARS-nCoV-2 by an initiate of T-cell and β-cell. An in-vitro study for the proposed peptide-based vaccine mostly recommended. Further clinical trials are required to check the efficacy of this vaccine.
Testing the Contextual Interaction Theory in a UHC Pilot District in South Africa
Authors: Michel Janet , Mohlakoana Nthabiseng , Bärnighausen Till , Tediosi Fabrizio , Evans David , McIntyre Di , Bressers Hans T. A , Tanner Marcel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: World-wide, there is growing universal health coverage (UHC) enthusiasm. The South African government began piloting policies aimed at achieving UHC in 2012. These UHC policies have been and are being rolled out in the ten selected pilot districts. Our study explored policy implementation experiences of 71 actors involved in UHC policy implementation, in one South African pilot district using the Contextual Interaction Theory (CIT) lens.Method: Our study applied a two-actor deductive theory of implementation, Contextual Interaction Theory (CIT) to analyse 71 key informant interviews from one National Health Insurance (NHI) pilot district in South Africa. The theory uses motivation, information, power, resources and the interaction of these to explain implementation experiences and outcomes. The research question centred on the utility of CIT tenets in explaining the observed implementation experiences of actors and outcomes particularly policy- practice gaps.Results: All CIT central tenets (information, motivation, power, resources and interactions) were alluded to by actors in their policy implementation experiences, a lack or presence of these tenets were explained as either a facilitator or barrier to policy implementation. This theory was found as very useful in explaining policy implementation experiences of both policy makers and facilitators. Conclusion: A central tenet that was present in this context but not fully captured by CIT was leadership. Leadership interactions were revealed as critical for policy implementation, hence we propose the inclusion of leadership interactions to the current CIT central tenets, to become motivation, information, power, resources, leadership and interactions of all these.