bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Pain and Analgesic Medications on Blood Pressure
Authors: Rivasi Giulia , Menale Silvia , Turrin Giada , Coscarelli Antonio , Giordano Antonella , Ungar Andrea 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To review the blood pressure (BP) effects of pain and analgesic medications and to help interpret BP changes in people suffering from acute or chronic pain.

Recent Findings
Acute pain evokes a stress response which prompts a transient BP increase. Chronic pain is associated with impaired regulation of cardiovascular and analgesia systems, which may predispose to persistent BP elevation. Also analgesics may have BP effects, which vary according to the drug class considered. Data on paracetamol are controversial, while multiple studies indicate that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may increase BP, with celecoxib showing a lesser impact. Hypotension has been reported with opioid drugs. Among adjuvants, tricyclic antidepressants and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors could be pro-hypertensive due to potentiation of adrenergic transmission.

Summary
Pain and analgesics may induce a clinically significant BP destabilization. The implications on hypertension incidence and BP control remain unclear and should be explored in future studies.

Graphical abstract
Forced Migration, Sexual and Gender-based Violence and Integration: Effects, Risks and Protective Factors
Authors: Phillimore Jenny , Block Karen , Bradby Hannah , Ozcurumez Saime , Papoutsi Anna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper is the first to use empirical evidence to directly examine the relationship between sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) and multi-dimensional processes of integration of forced migrant SGBV survivors. While it is acknowledged that forced migrants are subjected to a continuum of violence, including SGBV, during the refugee journey, little is known about the long-term impact of SGBV and how it might be mitigated. Our paper, drawing on empirical evidence from 255 interviews with migrants and stakeholders in Australia, the UK, Sweden and Turkey, documented in detail the complex interactions between SGBV and integration using the Indicators of Integration framework. By bringing together the literature on the continuum of violence, SGBV and the Indicators of Integration framework, we identify, on the one hand, the impact of SGBV on integration, and, on the other, how the indicators framework can be used to identify protective and risk factors for forced migrant survivors.
Effective Educational Practices and Students’ Well-being: The Mediating Role of Students’ Self-efficacy
Authors: Lera Maria-Jose , Leon-Perez Jose M. , Ruiz-Zorrilla Paula 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEffective educational practices aim to promote students’ academic achievement; however, they also have an impact on students’ well-being which is a growing topic of interest in educational research. In a sample of 2242 students (5th to 10th grades) nested in 104 classrooms from Spanish schools, we have tested the mediating role of students’ self-efficacy on the relationship between effective educational practices and both students’ well-being and academic performance. Analyses were run at student and class levels, by performing a multilevel mediation structural equation model with cross-sectional data. Results supported a partial mediation model at the individual level, in which effective educational practices had a direct and indirect effect on students’ well-being, and indirect effect on academic performance in math and language through self-efficacy. At the group level, results support a full mediation model of the effect of effective educational practices in class well-being and in class math performance (but not in language), mediated by the group mean of self-efficacy. These findings suggest the importance of educational practices in increasing self-efficacy beliefs on their students, as a source to increase students’ well-being and academic performance.
Failure behaviour of various pre-formed steel sheets with respect to the mechanical grain boundary properties
Authors: Norz Roman , Vitzthum Simon , Volk Wolfram 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The forming history influences the mechanical properties and the formability of sheet metals. Numerous models and approaches have been published to implement this influence into FE-tools, based on isotropic damage or failure criterions. In this paper, the influence of a uniaxial pre-forming and a change in loading direction on the material parameters is investigated for two different steel grades in tensile tests. It was found, that a change in loading direction significantly affects the mechanical properties of the material. The force–displacement curves obtained from nanoindentation experiments were utilized to determine the flow curves for single grains as well as grain boundaries of the pre-formed materials. This was done by inverse parameter identification using finite element analysis.
Impact of prior accumulated work and intensity on power output in elite/international level road cyclists—a pilot study
Authors: Leo Peter , Giorgi Andrea , Spragg James , Gonzalez Borja Martinez , Mujika Iñigo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the impact of the intensity of prior accumulated work on the decline in power output in elite/international level road cyclists, comparing the effects of prior continuous moderate intensity versus intermittent high intensity cycling.

Methods
Nine elite/international level road cyclists (age 26.2 ± 4.0 years; body mass: 66.6 ± 5.5 kg; height: 176 ± 0.4 cm) conducted a 12-min field test (12 minfresh) during two consecutive training camps. Participants then performed both a 150-min moderate intensity continuous (MIC) work bout or a 150-min high intensity intermittent (HII) race simulation in randomized order, cross-over design. After each condition a 12-min field test (12 minfatigue) was completed.

Results
Absolute and relative 12 minfresh power output were not significantly different between training camps (p > 0.05). The 12 minfatigue power after HII was significantly lower than 12 minfatigue after MIC (∆ = 14 W; p = 0.014). Participants recorded more percentage time (%Time) in heart rate (HR) zone 3 (∆ = 9.2%; p = 0.003) and power output band between 5.0–7.9 W $$\cdot$$
∙
kg−1 (∆ = 8.9%; p = 0.002) as well as higher total work (∆ = 237 kJ; p ≤ 0.001) during HII.

Conclusion
These findings reveal that the decline in power output is higher after HII compared to MIC cycling work bouts. This suggests that the quantification of total work and intensity should be used in conjunction to predict a distinctive decline in power output. Future research is required to better understand the mechanisms of endurance “durability” in elite/international level road cyclists.
The Impact of BRCA1- and BRCA2 Mutations on Ovarian Reserve Status
Authors: C.E Drechsel Katja , C. van Tilborg Theodora , J.C. Eijkemans Marinus , G.W.M. Lentjes Eef , Irene Homminga , Mariette Goddijn , J.T. van Golde Ron , Willem Verpoest , D. Lichtenbelt Klaske , J.M. Broekmans Frank , M.E. Bos Anna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate whether female BRCA1- and BRCA2 mutation carriers have a reduced ovarian reserve status, based on serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels, antral follicle count (AFC) and ovarian response to ovarian hyperstimulation. A prospective, multinational cohort study was performed between October 2014 and December 2019. Normo-ovulatory women, aged 18–41 years old, applying for their first PGT-cycle for reason of a BRCA mutation (cases) or other genetic diseases unrelated to ovarian reserve (controls), were asked to participate. All participants underwent a ICSI-PGT cycle with a long-agonist protocol for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. Linear and logistic regression models were used to compare AMH, AFC and ovarian response in cases and controls. Sensitivity analyses were conducted on BRCA1- and BRCA2 mutation carrier subgroups. Thirty-six BRCA mutation carriers (18 BRCA1- and 18 BRCA2 mutation carriers) and 126 controls, with mean female age 30.4 years, were included in the primary analysis. Unadjusted median AMH serum levels (IQR) were 2.40 (1.80–3.00) ng/ml in BRCA mutation carriers and 2.15 (1.30–3.40) ng/ml in controls (p = 0.45), median AFC (IQR) was 15.0 (10.8–20.3) and 14.5 (9.0–20.0),p = 0.54, respectively. Low response rate was 22.6% among BRCA mutation carriers and 9.3% among controls,p = 0.06. Median number of retrieved oocytes was 9 (6–14) in carriers and 10 (7–13) in controls,p = 0.36. No substantial differences were observed between BRCA1- and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Based on several biomarkers, no meaningful differences in ovarian reserve status were observed in female BRCA mutation carriers compared to controls in the context of ICSI-PGT treatment.
Fluoridanwendungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland
Authors: Krause Laura , Mensink Gert B.M. , Hoepfner Tobias , Lindtner Oliver , Weißenborn Anke 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und Ziel der Arbeit: Bei der Kariesprophylaxe spielt eine wirksame und sichere Fluoridanwendung eine wichtige Rolle. Fluoride machen den Zahnschmelz widerstandsfähiger und schützen vor Karies. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Fluoridanwendung aus unterschiedlichen Quellen zur Kariesprophylaxe bei Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland.Methoden: Datengrundlage sind die in KiGGS Welle 2 (2014-2017) durchgeführten Ernährungsstudien KiESEL für 0,5- bis 5-Jährige und EsKiMo II für 6- bis 17-Jährige. Die Daten geben Auskunft über die Verwendung von Fluoridsupplementen, fluoridhaltiger Zahnpasta und fluoridiertem Salz. Ausgewiesen werden Prävalenzen und Ergebnisse multivariater binär-logistischer Regressionen. Es werden Unterschiede nach soziodemografischen Merkmalen berichtet.Ergebnisse: Von den 0,5- bis 5-Jährigen hatten 14,6 % ein Fluoridsupplement erhalten. In allen betrachteten Altersgruppen verwendeten über 90 % der Kinder und Jugendlichen üblicherweise fluoridhaltige Zahnpasta, mit Ausnahme der 0,5- bis 2-Jährigen (63,4 %). In etwa der Hälfte der Haushalte (51,3 %) der 0,5- bis 5-Jährigen wurden Mahlzeiten für das Kind überwiegend mit fluoridiertem Salz zubereitet. Bei den 6- bis 17-Jährigen war dies nur bei etwa einem Drittel (29,8 %) der Fall.Diskussion: Die Verwendung fluoridhaltiger Zahnpasta hat im Vergleich zur KiGGS-Basiserhebung (2003 - 2006) zugenommen. Sie ist bei den 0,5- bis 2-Jährigen gering, was sich teilweise durch die Empfehlungen zur Zeit der Datenerhebung erklären lässt, aber auch damit, dass bei einem Teil dieser Kinder (noch) keine Zahnpasta verwendet wurde. Fluoridiertes Salz wird insbesondere bei Kindern ab 6 Jahren noch zu selten zur Mahlzeitenzubereitung genutzt. Dies spricht für eine verstärkte Kommunikation der Empfehlungen zur Kariesprophylaxe und zur Förderung einer zahngesunden Ernährung.
Evaluating the Roles of sCD14 and sCD14-ST in Diagnosing COPD and Predicting an Acute Exacerbation of COPD
Authors: Zhang Rui , Sun Guangxin , Xing Zhengwei , Bai Yuling , Pei Hui , Gu Yulei , Huang Yahui , Zhang Xiaofan , Zhang Luanluan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aim
To evaluate the roles of plasma soluble cluster of differentiation 14 (sCD14) and sCD14 subtype (sCD14-ST) in the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and in the prediction of an acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD).

Methods
We quantified the levels of white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, sCD14, and sCD14-ST in patients with COPD and healthy controls. The relationships between sCD14 or sCD14-ST and inflammatory markers were analyzed in each group. We used receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves to evaluate the potential roles of sCD14 and sCD14-ST in the diagnosis of COPD and in predicting AECOPD.

Results
A total of 62 subjects were recruited, including 15 controls and 47 COPD patients, with the latter including 32 stable COPD and 15 AECOPD. WBC, IL-8, sCD14, and sCD14-ST were significantly higher in COPD than in the controls (all P < 0.05). WBC, CRP, ESR, IL-6, IL-8, sCD14, and sCD14-ST were higher in AECOPD than in the controls (all P < 0.05). In the COPD group, sCD14 levels were positively correlated with WBC, IL-8, and sCD14-ST (P < 0.05), and sCD14-ST levels were positively correlated with WBC and IL-8 (P < 0.05). In the AECOPD group, sCD14 was positively correlated with WBC, CRP, IL-8, and sCD14-ST (P < 0.05); sCD14-ST was positively correlated with WBC, IL-6, and IL-8 (P < 0.05). Discrimination between COPD and controls was tested by calculating areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) for sCD14 and sCD14-ST showing scores of 0.765 (95% CI 0.648–0.883) and 0.735 (95% CI 0.537–0.933) respectively. Similarly, discrimination between AECOPD and controls using sCD14 and sCD14-ST showed scores of 0.862 (95% CI 0.714–1.000) and 0.773 (95% CI 0.587–0.960), respectively.

Conclusion
Our study suggests that the inflammatory markers sCD14 and sCD14-ST might play an important diagnostic role in COPD and help predict AECOPD.
Laboratory assessment of bacterial contamination of a sterile environment when using respirators not traditionally used in a sterile field environment
Authors: Myers Warren , Ajewole Segun , Xu Susan , Yorio Patrick , Hornbeck Adam , Zhuang Ziqing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjective:During infectious disease outbreaks or pandemics, an increased demand for surgical N95s that create shortages and necessitate the use of alternative National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)–approved respirators that do not meet the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) additional requirements. The objective of this research was to quantify the level of bacterial contamination resulting from wearing NIOSH-approved respirators lacking the additional protections afforded by surgical N95s.Methods:Participants performed simulated healthcare tasks while wearing 5 different respirators approved by the NIOSH. Sterile field contamination resulting from use of a surgical mask cleared by the FDA served as a baseline for comparison with the NIOSH-approved respirators.Results:The bacterial contamination produced by participants wearing the N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) without an exhalation valve, the powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs) with an assigned protection factor of 25 or 1,000 was not significantly different compared to the contamination resulting from wearing the surgical mask. The bacterial contamination resulting from wearing the N95 FFR with an exhalation valve and elastomeric half-mask respirator (EHMR) with an exhalation valve was found to be statistically significantly higher than the bacterial contamination resulting from wearing the surgical mask.Conclusions:Overall, NIOSH-approved respirators without exhalation valves maintain a sterile field as well as a surgical mask. These findings inform respiratory guidance on the selection of respirators where sterile fields are needed during shortages of surgical N95 FFRs.
Intertextuality and Subversion: Nezāmi in Modern Persian Literature
Authors: Werner Christoph U. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study proposes an innovative, triangular close reading of three Persian authors: Nezāmi, Golshiri, and Mandanipour. It argues that the two modern authors, Hushang Golshiri with his famous novellaShāh-e siyāhpushān, the “King of those clad in black,” and Shahriar Mandanipour in hisCensoring an Iranian Love Story, are not only bound to each other in a close master-disciple relationship, but also consciously expound on the subversive potential of the twelfth-century poet Nezāmi. In the process, the divide between modern and classical narrative traditions in Persian literature is bound to disappear, allowing for novel interpretations and perspectives on Nezāmi and for his epics to be heard.
Contraception knowledge and practices among students in Lebanese universities
Authors: Abi Tayeh Georges , Khalil Khalil , Khoury Alexandra , Maalouf Samer , Mansour Fersan , Attieh Elie , Sassine Serge , Abi Antoun Melissa , Zakaria Hoda 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the proportion of contraception users among Lebanese youth, and the extent of knowledge and perception on birth control; and to raise awareness and sensitise young adults to sexual health, which remains taboo in Lebanon. The 30-item questionnaire was broadcasted to students in private and public universities in Lebanon, through social media and it collected information on contraception use and student knowledge. Over 30% of responders were medical students, and 41% have ever used contraceptives (mostly women); among which, 52.1% for contraception versus 47.9% for medical reasons. According to responders, the pill ranked high in terms of effectiveness (72.4% of responders perceive the pill as effective), followed by the male condom (69.1%) and the hormonal intrauterine device (29.6%). Some would not use contraception in the future, for religious reasons (30.8%) or for fear of complications (46.2%); indeed, around a third of contraceptive users (all female) have experienced adverse effects. Finally, students expressed concern about long-term complications of contraceptive use (pulmonary embolism/phlebitis, breast/endometrial/ovarian cancer, stroke, depression and myocardial infarction). Though less frequent than in the Western world, contraception use in Lebanon is non-negligible and gaps in university students’ knowledge on contraception were identified; which should prompt sexual education and family planning initiatives in Lebanon.
A synthesis method of spatial over-constrained mechanisms based on kinematics of serial manipulators
Authors: Lee Fu-Hsiung , Hsu Kuan-Lun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a modular method based on the kinematics of serial manipulators to synthesize over-constrained mechanisms. Because the PPP manipulator has an unlimited work space, its end-effector can be constrained to trace a trajectory identical to those of another open-chain manipulator, including a P joint single link and an RR dyad. In doing so, two open-chain manipulators can be concatenated to form closed-loop mechanisms, including PPPP, PPPRR, or PPCR mechanisms. To design over-constrained mechanisms efficiently, the Denavit–Hartenberg convention is adopted to describe the PPP manipulator kinematically, and the Euler angles are utilized to derive geometric constraints of synthesized over-constrained mechanisms. Next, kinematic equations of the PPP manipulator can be modularized and applicable to analyze different closed-loop mechanisms. At last, by adjusting link lengths, twisted angles, and joint angles of the synthesized PPPRR and PPCR mechanisms to form other over-constrained mechanisms configurationally. The novelty of this research lies in modularizing the over-constrained mechanism into two movable serial manipulators whose end-effectors share identical trajectory and orientation. Thus, defining geometrical constraints of the over-constrained mechanism can be transformed into finding angular parameters describing the orientation of these two serial manipulators such that the end-effector coordinate system of two manipulators can properly be aligned. Angular parameters of the serial manipulators can be easily determined by means of Euler angles, which yields an advantage of easy calculation since it only involves the computation of Euler angles parameters. The presented method can be extended to the kinematic synthesis and analysis of more spatial closed-loop mechanisms.
TECHNOLOGY AND TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE
Authors: Murphy Colleen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTransitional justice refers to the process of dealing with widespread wrongdoing characteristically committed during the course of conflict and/or repression. Examples of such processes include criminal trials, truth commissions, reparations, and memorials. Technology is altering the forms that widespread wrongdoing takes. Technology is also altering the form of processes of transitional justice themselves. This essay provides a map of these changes and their normative implications.
Revisiting the moderating effect of speaker proficiency on the relationships among intelligibility, comprehensibility, and accentedness in L2 Spanish
Authors: Huensch Amanda , Nagle Charlie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis report examines the potential impacts of task and proficiency on listener judgments of intelligibility, comprehensibility, and accentedness in L2 Spanish. This study extends Huensch and Nagle [Language Learning, 71, 626–668, (2021)], who explored the partial independence among the global speech dimensions for speech samples taken from a picture narrative task. Given that the type of speaking task used to elicit speech samples has been shown to impact the strength of the linguistic features contributing to the global speech dimensions and to explore the impact of task on the relationships among the dimensions, the current study followed the same procedure as Huensch and Nagle but employed a task in which participants responded to a prompt based on NCSSFL-ACTFL Can-Do Statements. The speech samples were elicited from instructed L2 Spanish learners of varying proficiency (n = 42) and were rated by a group of native-speaking Spanish listeners (n = 80) using Amazon Mechanical Turk. In general, the results were consistent with those reported in the initial study indicating a significant, positive, and consistent relationship between comprehensibility and intelligibility and a null relationship between accentedness and intelligibility. The limited differences between the studies’ findings are discussed considering the potential impact of task.
O-Net: A Fast and Precise Deep-Learning Architecture for Computational Super-Resolved Phase-Modulated Optical Microscopy
Authors: Kaderuppan Shiraz S , Wong Wai Leong Eugene , Sharma Anurag , Woo Wai Lok 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We present a fast and precise deep-learning architecture, which we term O-Net, for obtaining super-resolved images from conventional phase-modulated optical microscopical techniques, such as phase-contrast microscopy and differential interference contrast microscopy. O-Net represents a novel deep convolutional neural network that can be trained on both simulated and experimental data, the latter of which is being demonstrated in the present context. The present study demonstrates the ability of the proposed method to achieve super-resolved images even under poor signal-to-noise ratios and does not require prior information on the point spread function or optical character of the system. Moreover, unlike previous state-of-the-art deep neural networks (such as U-Nets), the O-Net architecture seemingly demonstrates an immunity to network hallucination, a commonly cited issue caused by network overfitting when U-Nets are employed. Models derived from the proposed O-Net architecture are validated through empirical comparison with a similar sample imaged via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and are found to generate ultra-resolved images which came close to that of the actual SEM micrograph.