bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Anti Proliferative Potential of Solanum virginianum Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line
Authors: Selvapriya S. , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Raghunandhakumar S. , Thangavelu Lakshmi 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Solanum virginianum commonly known as wild eggplant or nightshade plant, is a prickly herb found in most of the parts of Asia and Australia of the world. It is used by the local people as folk medicines in treating throat infections and other inflammatory problems. Various phytoconstituents have been found, the major constituent is alkaloid. It has a vital role in various traditional as well as medicinal uses for curing internal and external physiological disorders. To determine the evaluation of anti proliferation potential of Solanum virginianum human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line.
Materials and Methods: The effect of solanum virginianum hepG2 cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Briefly, the cells (1 × 104 cells per mL) were seeded in a 96 well microtiter plate (100 per well) with replications. Treatment was conducted for 24 hr with different concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 μM) of solanum virginianum. Cell morphological changes were observed in phase contrast microscopy.
Results: Cells were treated with solanum virginianum at higher concentration (50, 75, 100, 200, 300 and 400 μM) for 24 h, and cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. Data are shown as means ± SD (n = 3). * compared with the control-blank group, p < 0.001.
Conclusion: From the results, the extracts were cytotoxic to the hepG2 cells at (60μg/mL) concentration and incubation period. However more research is needed to understand the mechanisms of cytotoxicity of the plants.
Pterocarpus Santa Mediated Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles and Its Cytotoxic Effect
Authors: Sarvasri T. , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Rajeshkumar S. , Thangavelu Lakshmi 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Selenium is an important trace element in the human body that plays a role in nutrition and medicine. Selenium research is gaining traction, not only because of its technical applications, but also because of its novel position in life sciences. The brine shrimp lethality bioassay is widely used in the evaluation of toxicity of heavy metals, pesticides, medicines especially natural plant extracts etc. Pterocarpus santalinus, with the common names red sanders, red saunders, red sandalwood, Rakt Chandan, and saunders wood, is a species of pterocarpus endemic to the southern Eastern ghats mountain range of south india. This tree is valued for the rich red colour of its wood. The aim of the present study is to find out the pterocarpus santa mediated synthesis of selenium nanoparticles and its cytotoxic effect.
Materials and methods: Selenium nanoparticles were synthesized using pterocarpus santa and its cytotoxic effect were done in brine shrimp and its lethality is checked.
Results: cytotoxic activity and the number of nauplii were all alive on the first day. After 24 hrs the number of nauplii were dead in all wells except in the 5μl well. The percentage of lethality increased from 50%,100%,100%,100%,100% in the 5µL to 80µL respectively.
Conclusion: pterocarpus Santa mediated synthesis of selenium nanoparticles showed better cytotoxic effect in brine shrimp lethality assay showing emergence of a drug candidate for future research.
Preparation and Cytotoxic Effect of Pterocarpus santalinus Selenium Based Mouthwash
Authors: Nivedha V. M. , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Rajeshkumar S. , Thangavelu Lakshmi 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: A mouthwash or rinse cannot replace the regular oral hygiene routine of twice-daily tooth brushing and daily flossing.A mouthwash or rinse freshen breath, and control the bad breath.A mouthwash is a medicated liquid which is held in the mouth and swished by the action of perioral musculature to eliminate the oral pathogens.The medicinal plants have their application in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, agricultural and food industries.Medicinal plants act as a natural source for bioactive medicinal compounds.Selenium is a vita micronutrient that has excellent antimicrobial, anti cancerous, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties.The biological method of synthesis of Selenium nanoparticles has extensive application in the field of biomedicine due to low toxicity, targeted delivery of Nano drugs and stability.
Materials and Methods: Pterocarpus santalinus plant extract and mouthwash was prepared and cytotoxicity activity was performed.
Results: On day 1 all the 10 nauplii were alive in all the concentrations. On day 2 when the concentration was 5, 10, 20, 40,80, control the number of live nauplii was 10,8,8,8,7,10 respectively.Results were tabulated and graphically analyzed in SPSS software. Correlation analysis was done using SPSS software.
Conclusion: Increased concentration of selenium nanoparticles was not toxic to living nauplii as it did not cause the death of it.But the Pterocarpus santalinus extraction based selenium nanoparticles have less to no cytotoxicity.This study shows that mouth rinses from medicinal plants as a source of an excellent alternative with less common side-effects to chemical-based oral antimicrobial products.
Antimicrobial Activity of Selenium Nanoparticles and Pterocarpus santalinus Based Mouthwash
Authors: Pradeep Malavika , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Rajeshkumar S. , Thangavelu Lakshmi 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Their unique size-dependent properties make these materials superior and indispensable in many areas of human activity. Selenium possesses excellent photo electrical and semiconductor properties which make it extensively used in duplicate, photography, cells and rectifiers. Selenium is also one of essential trace elements in the human body and has great importance in nourishment and medicine. In India, medicinal plants are widely used by all sections of people either directly as folk remedies or in different indigenous systems of medicine or indirectly in the pharmaceutical preparations of modern medicines. The aim of the present study is to determine antimicrobial activity of selenium nanoparticles and Pterocarpus santalinus based mouthwash.
Materials and Methods: Antimicrobial activity of respective nanoparticles against the strain staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus and E Coli. MH Aagar was utilized for this activity to determine the zone of inhibition. Muller hinton agar was prepared and sterilized for 45 minutes at 120 lbs. Media poured into the sterilized plates and let them stabilize for solidification. The wells were cut using the well cutter and the test organisms were swabbed. The nanoparticles with different concentrations were loaded and the plates were incubated for 24 hours at 37 degree celsius. After the incubation the zones of inhibition were measured.
Results: The highest zones of inhibition were exhibited against two bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus mutans proving that it acts as a good antibacterial against S.aureus and S.mutans infections.
End‐To‐End Data Analytics for Product Development
Authors: Giancristofaro Rosa Arboretti , Ceccato Riccardo , Salmaso Luigi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
End‐to‐end data analytics refers to the process of collection and analysis of high‐quality, in‐scope data intended to drive decision‐making in the development of a new product. This article describes the typical steps of such a process and uses a case study to better illustrate them. It also shows how end‐to‐end data analytics can in fact provide decision‐makers with useful information about the design of a new product provided that data quality is ensured and accurate model selection is performed.
Lipid levels and the risk of dementia: A dose–response meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies
Authors: Zhu Ying , Liu Xu , Zhu Ruixia , Zhao Jingjing , Wang Qianwen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe performed a dose–response meta‐analysis to estimate the association between lipid profiles with the risk of dementia and the potential differences according to the subtype of dementia based on prospective studies.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase and Web of Science for relevant articles and performed a meta‐analysis. We applied fixed or random‐effects models to calculate pooled relative risk (RR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI). The dose–response relationship was assessed by restricted cubic spline.ResultsTwenty‐five prospective studies comprising 362,443 participants and 20,121 cases were included in the final analysis. We found that increased risk of all‐cause dementia could be predicted by elevated total cholesterol (TC) (RR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.04–1.22). When looking at dementia subtypes, we also observed high TC and triglycerides (TG) may increase the future risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with a pooled RR of 1.13 (95% CI: 1.06–1.21) and 1.10 (95% CI: 1.04–1.15) respectively. Moreover, a dose–response analysis revealed a linear association between TC or TG and the risk of AD, with a pooled RR of 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02–1.16) and 1.12 (95% CI: 1.05–1.21) for per 3‐mmol/L increment in TC and TG, respectively.ConclusionsCurrent evidence suggest that every 3‐mmol/L increase in blood TC or TG is linearly associated with a 9% or 12% increase in RR of AD, supporting the notion that high TC and TG levels appear to play a causal role in the development of AD.
Advanced Nanoparticle Coatings for Stabilizing Layered Ni‐Rich Oxide Cathodes in Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Ma Yuan , Teo Jun Hao , Walther Felix , Ma Yanjiao , Zhang Ruizhuo , Mazilkin Andrey , Tang Yushu , Goonetilleke Damian , Janek Jürgen , Bianchini Matteo , Brezesinski Torsten 
Published: February 2022

AbstractImproving the interfacial stability between cathode active material (CAM) and solid electrolyte (SE) is a vital step toward the development of high‐performance solid‐state batteries (SSBs). One of the challenges plaguing this field is an economical and scalable approach to fabricate high‐quality protective coatings on the CAM particles. A new wet‐coating strategy based on preformed nanoparticles is presented herein. Nonagglomerated nanoparticles of the coating material (≤5 nm, exemplified for ZrO2) are prepared by solvothermal synthesis, and after surface functionalization, applied to a layered Ni‐rich oxide CAM, LiNi0.85Co0.10Mn0.05O2 (NCM85), producing a uniform surface layer with a unique structure. Remarkably, when used in pelletized SSBs with argyrodite Li6PS5Cl as SE, the coated NCM85 is found to exhibit superior lithium‐storage properties (qdis ≈ 204 mAh gNCM85−1 at 0.1 C rate and 45 °C) and good rate capability. The key to the observed improvement lies in the homogeneity of coating, suppressing interfacial side reactions while simultaneously limiting gas evolution during operation. Moreover, this strategy is proven to have a similar effect in liquid electrolyte‐based Li‐ion batteries and can potentially be used for the application of other, even more favorable, nanoparticle coatings.
Bioadaptive Porous 3D Scaffolds Comprising Cellulose and Chitosan Nanofibers Constructed by Pickering Emulsion Templating
Authors: Li Qi , Hatakeyama Mayumi , Kitaoka Takuya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHighly porous three‐dimensional (3D) scaffolds can mimic the lobular structure of a human liver where hepatocytes are organized. However, 3D scaffolds with uniformly porous and oriented structures are challenging to fabricate without cross‐linking agents. Herein, this work presents a Pickering emulsion‐induced interface approach to construct aligned porous scaffolds for 3D cell cultures through the combined use of surface‐carboxylated cellulose nanofibers and chitosan nanofibers as stabilizers, and freezing/lyophilization to remove the oil phase. The obtained Pickering emulsions exhibit long‐term stability and their droplet sizes are tunable from 2.7 to 10.2 µm. Assembly at the oil–water interface can be modulated by controlling the NaCl dosage and oil phase proportion, resulting in porous foams with tunable porosity and versatile architectures as an in vitro alternative to the native liver microenvironment. The foams are noncytotoxic, confirmed using mouse fibroblast NIH/3T3 cells, and the cells grow both on the surface and in the internal structure of the foam. Notably, the 3D porous scaffolds are favorable microenvironments for the formation of human liver carcinoma HepG2 spheroidal cells, which exhibit liver‐like activity. This strategy based on Pickering emulsion templating provides a new avenue for constructing bioadaptive 3D scaffolds, specifically all‐biomass porous foams, for tissue engineering.
Design and In Situ Growth of Cu2O‐Blended Heterojunction Directed by Energy‐Band Engineering: Toward High Photoelectrochemical Performance
Authors: Zheng Lingcheng , Diao Lingxue , Zhang Rui , Sun Xingjun , Lv Qiaoya , Chen Feifei , Li Yan , Liu Hui , Zhang Xinghua , Lu Zunming , Wang Weihua , Lu Feng , Dong Hong , Liu Hui , Li Luyan , Zheng Rongkun , Cheng Yahui 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the field of photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, cuprous oxide (Cu2O) is one of the most promising photocathode materials, but its performance is restricted by poor carrier separation ability and low photovoltage. In order to overcome these limitations, a new kind of Cu2O‐ZnO blended heterojunction photocathode is designed and prepared by novel one‐step thermal oxidation method. ZnO granules are uniformly distributed in Cu2O film matrix, forming a granular structure, which enhances the band bending of Cu2O in the electrolyte and improves the photovoltage. In addition, the formed ladder type band alignment of Cu2O‐ZnO facilitates the spatial separation of photoexcited carriers. Different from the conventional layered heterojunction, the granular structured heterojunction proposed in this work extends the built‐in electric field region and further promotes the transmission of photoexcited carriers from the photoelectrode to the electrolyte. At 0 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), the photocurrent density of Cu2O‐ZnO film is as high as −8.7 mA cm−2, which is over 6 times that of bare Cu2O (−1.3 mA cm−2). The onset potential positively shifts from 0.57 V vs RHE to 0.78 V vs RHE. This work provides an effective strategy for improving the PEC performance from the perspective of band alignment and material structure.
Deep ocean bubble transport model coupled with multiple hydrate behavior characteristics
Authors: Liu Zheng , Sun Baojiang , Wang Zhiyuan , Chen Litao , Sun Xiaohui 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSubmarine gas seepage is a widely observed process. In this study, a unified mechanistic model of bubble transport both inside and outside the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) was developed. Multiple hydrate‐related behaviors were considered, including hydrate nucleation, hydrate film lateral spread, hydrate shell dynamic growth, hydrate dissolution and decomposition, and collapse and fracture deformation of hydrate‐coated bubbles. Using the proposed model, a series of simulation studies about bubble dissolution and rising fate were conducted. The results indicate that the formation of solid hydrates in the deep‐sea environment can provide a fairly effective barrier for the dissolution and shrinkage of bubbles, and the deeper the initial release water depth, the smaller the critical size of the bubble required for arriving at the water surface. Furthermore, the majority of gases released from the seafloor would be absorbed by the shallow oceanic layer, but larger bubbles could still pass through the water column to the atmosphere.
Separation of methane and nitrogen using ionic liquidic zeolites by pressure vacuum swing adsorption
Authors: Hu Guoping , Xiao Gongkui , Guo Yalou , Manning Mitch , Chen Li , Yu Lanjin , Li Kevin Gang , May Eric F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe separation of methane (CH4) and nitrogen (N2) is a significant challenge to the enrichment and utilization of low concentration CH4 due to the similarity in the physical and chemical properties of the two molecules. In this work, we investigated the separation of CH4 from N2 using 100 kg of a new ionic liquidic zeolite (ILZ) material in a 6‐bed pilot‐scale pressure swing adsorption process. Feed gases with CH4 concentrations of 5.0% and 16.1% were upgraded to 11.5% and 34.6%, respectively, with CH4 recoveries higher than 80%. The pilot test results were used to anchor a numerical model that then allowed the efficient investigation of multiple operational parameters including desorption pressure and feed gas flow rates. The numerical model produced CH4 concentrations for both product streams consistent with those measured in the pilot experiments, with root mean square deviations below 2%. The modeling results revealed that sufficiently low desorption pressures can unexpectedly lead to lower heavy product purities under limited feed gas flow conditions. Furthermore, the optimum feed gas flow rate under which maximum heavy product purity is achieved increases with lower desorption pressure. The maximum CH4 concentrations increased from 31.8% to 41.5%, as desorption pressures decreased from 22.8 to 12.2 kPa for optimum feed flow rates between 78.2 and 105.5 mol/h. We also demonstrate a method of process optimization based on the bed capacity ratio, ℂ, which provides a scale‐independent measure of the degree to which the column is being used effectively. By varying feed flow rate and/or desorption pressure, ℂ values between 0.2 and 0.8 were explored, with maxima in the combined separation performance metric (methane recovery) × (methane purity) occurring for values of ℂ in the range 0.29–0.36. This separation performance optimization by adjusting ℂ provides an effective strategy for integrating and understanding the impact of multiple operating parameters.
Nintedanib in Patients With Autoimmune Disease–Related Progressive Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Diseases: Subgroup Analysis of the INBUILD Trial
Authors: Matteson Eric L. , Kelly Clive , Distler Jörg H. W. , Hoffmann‐Vold Anna‐Maria , Seibold James R. , Mittoo Shikha , Dellaripa Paul F. , Aringer Martin , Pope Janet , Distler Oliver , James Alexandra , Schlenker‐Herceg Rozsa , Stowasser Susanne , Quaresma Manuel , Flaherty Kevin R. ,   the INBUILD Trial Investigators
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveTo analyze the efficacy and safety of nintedanib in patients with fibrosing autoimmune disease–related interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) with a progressive phenotype.MethodsThe INBUILD trial enrolled patients with a fibrosing ILD other than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, with diffuse fibrosing lung disease of >10% extent on high‐resolution computed tomography, forced vital capacity percent predicted (FVC%) ≥45%, and diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide percent predicted ≥30% to <80%. Patients fulfilled protocol‐defined criteria for progression of ILD within the 24 months before screening, despite management deemed appropriate in clinical practice. Subjects were randomized to receive nintedanib or placebo. We assessed the rate of decline in FVC (ml/year) and adverse events (AEs) over 52 weeks in the subgroup with autoimmune disease–related ILDs.ResultsAmong 170 patients with autoimmune disease–related ILDs, the rate of decline in FVC over 52 weeks was −75.9 ml/year with nintedanib versus −178.6 ml/year with placebo (difference 102.7 ml/year [95% confidence interval 23.2, 182.2]; nominal P = 0.012). No heterogeneity was detected in the effect of nintedanib versus placebo across subgroups based on ILD diagnosis (P = 0.91). The most frequent AE was diarrhea, reported in 63.4% and 27.3% of subjects in the nintedanib and placebo groups, respectively. AEs led to permanent discontinuation of trial drug in 17.1% and 10.2% of subjects in the nintedanib and placebo groups, respectively.ConclusionIn the INBUILD trial, nintedanib slowed the rate of decline in FVC in patients with progressive fibrosing autoimmune disease–related ILDs, with AEs that were manageable for most patients.
Conversational adaptation in children and teens with autism: Differences in talkativeness across contexts
Authors: Cola Meredith , Zampella Casey J. , Yankowitz Lisa D. , Plate Samantha , Petrulla Victoria , Tena Kimberly , Russell Alison , Pandey Juhi , Schultz Robert T. , Parish‐Morris Julia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSuccessful social communication is complex; it relies on effectively deploying and continuously revising one's behavior to fit the needs of a given conversation, partner, and context. For example, a skilled conversationalist may instinctively become less talkative with a quiet partner and more talkative with a chattier one. Prior research suggests that behavioral flexibility across social contexts can be a particular challenge for individuals with autism spectrum condition (ASC), and that difficulty adapting to the changing needs of a conversation contributes to communicative breakdowns and poor social outcomes. In this study, we examine whether reduced conversational adaptation, as measured by talkativeness, differentiates 48 verbally fluent children and teens with ASC from 50 neurotypical (NT) peers matched on age, intelligence quotient, and sex ratio. Participants completed the Contextual Assessment of Social Skills with two novel conversation partners. The first acted interested in the conversation and talked more (Interested condition), while the second acted bored and talked less (Bored condition). Results revealed that NT participants emulated their conversation partner's behavior by being more talkative in the Interested condition as compared to the Bored condition (z = 9.92, p < 0.001). In contrast, the ASC group did not differentially adapt their behavior to the Bored versus Interested context, instead remaining consistently talkative in both (p = 0.88). The results of this study have implications for understanding social communication and behavioral adaptation in ASC, and may be valuable for clinicians interested in improving conversational competence in verbally fluent individuals with autism.Lay SummarySocial communication—including everyday conversations—can be challenging for individuals on the autism spectrum. In successful conversations, people tend to adjust aspects of their language to be more similar to their partners'. In this study, we found that children and teens with autism did not change their own talkativeness in response to a social partner who was more or less talkative, whereas neurotypical peers did. These findings have clinical implications for improving conversational competence in verbally fluent individuals with autism.