bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Waist Circumference on Mortality and Morbidity in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome with St-Segment Elevation
Authors: AKYOL Pınar Yeşim , ACAR Hüseyin , KARAALİ Rezan , ÇAKIR Adem , TOPAL Fatih 
Published: October 2022

Aim: Obesity is a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, there are also studies showing that increased body mass index is unexpectedly protective in myocardial infarction. More studies are needed to elucidate this situation, known as the obesity paradox. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between waist circumference and mortality and morbidity in acute ST elevated myocardial infarct (STEMI).
Material and Method: This is a prospective and observational study. Patients diagnosed with STEMI on electrocardiography (ECG) were included in the study. Immediately after the exhalation, waist circumference (WC) was measured on a horizontal plane at a point equidistant from the lowest floating rib and the upper border of the iliac crest. The role of waist circumference in the development of mortality and major cardiac events within 1 month was evaluated.
Results: A total of 106 patients admitted to the emergency department with STEMI were included in the study. While increased waist circumference was associated with mortality, it was insignificant in terms of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) development. Low BMI is significant in terms of decreased mortality and MACE.
Conclusions: The use of WC as an indicator of body fat ratio rather than weight in STEMI may be more valuable in the evaluation of mortality and MACE.
Academic Vocabulary in Applied Linguistics Research Articles: A Corpus-based Study
Authors: Xodabande Ismail , Torabzadeh Shima , Ghafouri Mohammad , Emadi Azadeh 
Published: October 2022

Background. Generally operationalized as the words used more frequently in academic discourse for describing abstract ideas and processes, academic vocabulary poses a major learning burden for native and non-native speakers of English. Recent developments in corpus-based technologies and tools have made it possible to analyze large bodies of texts for profiling vocabulary items, and a growing number of studies investigated such vocabulary in research articles published in different disciplines.
Purpose. Despite significant progress in academic word list development, research focusing on the contribution of the newly developed word lists in academic texts remained largely limited. Accordingly, the majority of studies used outdated lists for general and academic vocabulary as the starting points in their studies.
Methods. The current study investigated a large corpus of applied linguistics research articles (2000 RAs, 15.5 million words, 20 journals) to identify frequently used academic words based on New Academic Word List (NAWL). In analyzing the data, predefined criteria were used and the study used flemma for counting and defining words.
Results. The findings indicated that 310 out of 960 academic words in NAWL were used frequently in the corpus and provided 4.19% coverage. This coverage differs considerably with the previous studies that investigated similar corpora using the Academic Word List (AWL) and reported around and more than 10% coverage for academic vocabulary. Since the base lists used for profiling the corpus in this study were different from those employed by the previous studies, such differences mainly arise as a result of improvements in operationalizing general service and academic vocabulary.
Implications. In light of these findings and recent calls for more replication research in vocabulary studies, the study draws some implications for researching and teaching academic vocabulary. Additionally, in order to facilitate academic vocabulary learning in applied linguistics, the study presents a list of frequently used NAWL items divided into six bands based on their frequency in the corpus.
Epstein-Barr virus in Adygeans and Slavs in Russia: virus types, <i>LMP1</i> variants, and malignant tumors
Authors: Smirnova K. V. , Senyuta N. B. , Lubenskaya A. K. , Botezatu I. V. , Dushenkina T. E. , Lichtenstein A. V. , Gurtsevich V. E. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. It is known that the structural features of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) affect the manifestation of its biological properties. Based on differences in the sequences of the EBNA2, EBNA3A, -B, and -C genes, two types of the virus, EBV-1 and EBV-2, have been identified that have different ability to transform B cells in vitro and possibly playing certain role in the development of EBV-associated neoplasms.Aim. To study the prevalence of EBV-1 and EBV-2 in two ethnic groups, Аdygeans and Slavs, as well as the contribution of EBV-associated tumors to the overall incidence of malignant neoplasms certain organs and tissues.Materials and methods. DNA samples were extracted from 59 oral lavages of ethnic Аdygeans from Republic of Adygea and 40 such from oral cavity of ethnic Slavs of Moscow city. These samples were used for amplification of EBV DNA, determination of the concentration of viral DNA copies per 1 cell washout, as well as for amplification of EBV LMP1 followed by sequencing of the resulting gene samples and determination of their protein variant (LMP1).Results. Studies have shown that among the representatives of the Аdygeans the 2nd EBV type prevails, and among the Slavs, the 1st one. Epstein-Barr virus isolates in representatives of the two ethnic groups also differed in the structure of LMP1. Among the Slavs, a set of its LMP1 variants (B95.8/A, China, Med- and NC) was identified. However, among the Adygeans, the only variant - B95.8 and its subtype - B95.8/A was identified. EBV-1, which prevails among the representatives of the Slavs and has the ability to transform B-cells, was projected onto a higher incidence of tumors of the pharynx, stomach, Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (where EBV-associated cases cam occur) in the population of Moscow than in the population of the Republic of Adygea. However, the differences between incidence rates for these neoplasms (with the exception for the stomach tumors) were not statistically significant (p >0.5). A higher and statistically significantly different incidence rate of stomach cancer in residents of Moscow city, compared with that in residents of the Republic of Adygea, in our opinion, is not due to EBV-1 type and/or LMP1 variants, but rather is associated with a genetic predisposition the population of Moscow city to this tumor.Conclusion. The fact that two ethnic groups of Russia were found to be prevails by different types of EBV raises the question of their ethno-geographical association and their role in the induction of EBV-associated tumors. To resolve this issue additional studies in other geographical regions of Russia among representatives of different ethnic groups are required.
Ferroptosis determinants - potential therapeutic targets glioblastoma stem cells
Authors: Shevchenko V. E. , Nikiforova Z. N. , Kushnir T. I. , Kudryavtsev I. A. , Mitrofanov A. A. , Bekyashev A. Kh. , Arnotskaya N. E. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Treatment of glioblastoma multiforme remains little effective due to the rapidly developing recurrence of the tumor, due to its high tumorigenic potential, resistance to chemoradiation therapy and increased dissemination of glioma stem cells. The identification of potential therapeutic targets, which make it possible to more effectively destroy glioma stem cells, becomes topical. In this regard, the study of ferroptosis (FP), which can cause the death of tumor cells with a highly malignant phenotype, is of great importance. However, FP and its regulatory pathways in the GSC are not fully understood. At present, it is also not clear how FP differs for glioma stem cells and glioblastoma differentiated cells.Aim. To study the expression of ferroptosis signaling cascade determinants in CD133+ glioma stem cells and CD133- glioblastoma differentiated cells using high resolution proteomic mass spectrometry.Materials and methods. High-resolution proteomic mass spectrometry, cell technologies.Results. In total, 1970 proteins were identified, 15 of which are associated with ferroptosis and are present in both cell populations. Upregulation of 12 FP determinants (ACSL1, ACSL3, COPZ1, FTH1, FTL, GPX1, GPX4, PCBP1, SLC3A2, TFRC, VDAC1, VDAC2) was found in CD133+ glioblastoma stem cells compared to CD133- differential glioblastoma cells, 10 of which were more than 2-fold overexpressed.Conclusion. Important regularities have been established in the expression of ferroptosis determinants and proteins controlling this process in glioma stem cells, which can be used in the development of new approaches to the detection of potential targets for the therapy of glioblastoma multiforme.
Perception of an Ambivalent Other Under Conditions of Contrasting Pre-Stimulation
Authors: Baleva M.V. 
Published: October 2022

Objective. Pre-stimulus effects of extreme personal valence on the perception of an ambivalent person.Background. The purpose of modern information technologies is not only to inform, but also to form certain views and opinions. These technologies are used in the media space, as well as in other areas of social interaction. The effects of behavioral conditioning, or priming, play an important role in the perception construction. At the same time, the question of the factors leading to its direct (assimilative) and inverse (contrast) effects remains poorly understood. Thus, any forecast of behavioral reactions in vivo becomes too imprecise.Study design. During the experiment, participants watched video interviews with a target object (male or female), who answered the Short Dark Triad questions, demonstrating the ambivalence of dark features. In two experimental groups, the perception of the target object was preceded by the presentation of an extremely “bad” or extremely “good” personality. In the control group, the target object was presented without pre-stimulus exposure. After viewing, the participants completed the Target Attitude Scale. The data were processed using ANOVA. Additionally, the effects of gender on the attitude variable were monitored.Participants. The sample consisted of 608 students from 17 to 35 years old (M=20.17, SD=1.53), including 173 men (28%) and 435 women (72%).Measurements. Short Dark Triad by D. Jones and D. Paulhus, adapted by M.S. Egorova et al., The Scale of the General Attitude to the Perceived Object by S.A. Shchebetenko et al.Results. The general attitude towards an ambivalent object, measured by the Scale of the General Attitude to the Perceived Object, becomes significantly more positive after presentation of a negative pre-stimulus, compared to the control and a positive pre-stimulus conditions (p<0.001). In the male sample, there is no significant effect of a negative pre-stimulus on the perception of a woman with an ambivalent representation of dark features (p>0.10).Conclusions. Pre-stimulus of extreme intensity can determine the contrast effect not only in perception of abstract object, but also in perception of ambivalent person. It is shown that the preliminary presentation of an extremely negative person shifts the assessment of the ambivalent person upward. An extremely positive person pre-stimulus does not make the same effect. The effect of a negative pre-stimulus is significant in the perception of men by women, but does not extend to the perception of women by men.
The Organizational Cynicism Scale: an Adaptation on the Russian-Speaking Sample
Authors: Pavlova M.V. , Dzyubenko M.M. , Nartova-Bochaver S.K. 
Published: October 2022

Objective. An adaptation of the Russian version of the Organizational Cynicism Scale, which has been used worldwide for more than twenty years.Background. Life in organizations is one of the most important aspects of human social life. The challenges of maintaining organizational resilience and a healthy organizational culture, as well as considering the needs of workers and respecting their personality and psychological well-being, require reliable, valid, convenient, and concise tools for assessing the working environment. The Organizational Cynicism Scale is one of the most authoritative methods for dealing with these problems.Study design. The study was conducted according to the correlation plan; the data was collected online using the 1ka.si service.Participants. The study sample included 424 respondents: 296 women (69,80%), 128 men (30,20%). Age from 19 to 84 years (Mage=40). Average experience of respondents — 16,76 years; predominantly Russian citizens (N=385; 90%), representatives of various professional fields.Measurements. We used the target methodology — the scale of organizational cynicism and auxiliary methodology — the scale of commitment to the office. EFA and CFA, examining reliability due to Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and correlation analysis were used. SPSS 19.0 and AMOS programs were used for data processing.Results. Good results of CFA have indicated the structure identical to the original one (three subscales — Cognitive, Emotional and Behavioral aspects of organizational cynicism). The structural, convergent and partially content validity of the scale was confirmed. There were no gender differences in the scale scores; there is a negative age trend found.Conclusions. The Russian-language adaptation of the Organizational Cynicism Scale is a valid and reliable tool and can be recommended for solving various problems of organizational psychology.
Experimental and Kinetic Study of the Effect of using Zr- and Pt-loaded Metals on Y-zeolite-based Catalyst to Improve the Products of n-heptane Hydroisomerization Reactions
Authors: Khalaf Younus H. , Al-Zaidi Bashir Y. Sherhan , Shakour Zaidoon M. 
Published: October 2022

The escalating cost of Pt metal has prompted researchers to incorporate other metals into Pt/catalysts to reduce the amount of Pt. In this work, several bimetallic Pt-Zr/HY-zeolite catalysts were prepared by incorporating small amounts of the inexpensive Zr into the Pt/HY-zeolite to form an active and selective catalyst. Results showed that although half of the required platinum metal was used, the catalytic activity of the prepared Pt-Zr/HY bimetallic catalyst was higher than that of the monometallic (Pt or Zr)/HY catalysts, as a result of the improved Lewis acidity of that catalyst that resulted from the addition of the Zr metal; additionally, the branched alkanes' yield also increased. The optimum catalyst was bimetallic, containing 0.5 wt% Pt + 0.5 wt% Zr, which achieved the highest yield of isomers at 70.2 mol%, along with 82.61 and 84.98 mol% for conversion and selectivity, respectively, under 1 MPa and 250°C reaction conditions. In addition, the hydroisomerization reaction kinetic model was achieved, giving good predicted results in agreement with the experimental calculations, with an acceptable relative error. It was found that lower activation energies (about 44.5 kJ/mol) were needed for olefin hydrogenation to iso-paraffins, while higher activation energies were required for i-paraffin hydrocracking (about 138.1kJ/mol).
Advantages of Micropulse Technology as a Method of Choice for the Treatment of Secondary Glaucoma in Patients with Corneal Diseases
Authors: Sidorova A. V. , Starostina A. V. , Pecherskaia M. A. , Stefankova K. A. 
Published: October 2022

Postkeratoplasty glaucoma develops after cornea transplantation in 10–53 % cases. For ophthalmotonus stabilization in patients, it was proposed to use micropulse laser surgery.Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of micropulse laser surgery in patients with secondary refractory glaucoma after keratoplasty.Patients and methods. The study included 27 eyes after different types of keratoplasty. The average level of intraocular pressure was 33.2 ± 3.7 mmHg, the average number of hypotensive drops was 2.9 ± 0.7. Visual acuity varied from incorrect light perception to 0.3 with correction. Micropulse laser treatment was performed with the standard settings and a power of 2800 mW.Results. On the first day after laser surgery, 24 patients had a decrease in IOP by an average of 24 % to 25.6 ± 3.3 mmHg. Three patients had a reactive increase in IOP by an average of 5 % to 33–36 mmHg. After 12 months of follow-up, the average IOP level was 24.9 ± 1.8 on the hypotensive drops, a decrease of IOP was 24.5 %, the number of hypotensive drops was reduced to 2.1 ± 0.7. In 6 cases, an increase in visual acuity by 1–2 lines was diagnosed due to a decrease in corneal edema. In 3 cases, 1–2 months after laser surgery, patients underwent second transplantation of the Descemet membrane. However, in 2 patients, an IOP increased again to 27–30 mmHg, and it was decided to conduct a repeated micropulse surgery with a power of 2800 mW. When observed for up to 3 months, IOP respond to the target level and averaged 18-20 mmHg. Using ultrasound biomicroscopy, the dynamics of changes in the thickness of the ciliary body was followed in all patients, the average thickness before surgery was 0.56 ± 0.11 mm. After 12 months, there was no statistical difference with the preoperative thickness, the average values were 0.55 ± 0.10 mm, the safety of its main structures was noted.Conclusion. Micropulse cyclophotocoagulation is an effective and safe method of treating secondary refractory glaucoma in the eyes both before keratoplasty and after repeated cornea transplantation, which opens up new prospects in the treatment of glaucoma combined with corneal diseases.
Machine Learning Methods in the Comparative Evaluation of Various Approaches to the Surgical Treatment of Primary Angle Closure
Authors: Kurysheva N. I. , Pomerantsev A. L. , Rodionova O. Ye. , Sharova G. A. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose. To evaluate the application of the principal component analysis (PCA) and DD-SIMCA in a comparative analysis of the surgical treatment of primary angle closure.Material and methods. The prospective study included 90 patients. Group 1 — 30 patients with primary angle closure (PAC) with planned laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI). Group 2 — 30 patients with PAC, with planned phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation (PE+IOL). Group 3 — 30 eyes without ophthalmic pathology. All subjects underwent SS-OCT. Thirty-seven parameters were analyzed, including intraocular pressure, choroidal thickness in the macula, anterior chamber depth, lens vault, iris curvature and thickness, angle opening distance, and iridotrabecular space at 500 µm and 750 µm from the scleral spur. Since all these parameters correlate with each other, machine learning methods were used: PCA and the DD-SIMCA one-class classification method. For this purpose graphs of scores and loads in the PCA model for groups 1 and 2 were plotted. In the score plot, patients with PAC with average and extreme eye parameters were identified, and in the loading plot, relationships between the parameters of patients with PM were used to analyze correlations in the future. In the DD-SIMCA method, group 1 is taken as representatives of the target class.Results. A classification model based on 2 principal components with a given type I error α = 0.01 demonstrated a sensitivity of 100 % for patients in its own group and a sensitivity of 93 % for patients in group 2. These results confirm similarity of group 1 and group 2. The specificity for the control group was 100 %, and this group located far from the target group.Conclusion. Machine learning methods make it possible to compare groups with multivariate and correlated parameters. PCA allows the identification of patients with extreme parameters and the evaluation of correlations between multiple parameters. DDSIMCA confirms the validity of comparing the results of treatment with LPI and FE + IOL.
The Prognostic Value of Neuregulin-1β in Heart Failure Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Zhbanov K. A. , Shchendrygina A. A. , Salakheeva E. Yu. , Sokolova I. Ya. , Agadzhanyan A. A. , Zheleznykh E. A. , Zektser V. Yu. , Privalova E. V. , Belenkov Yu. N. 
Published: October 2022

Aim To determine the neuregulin-1β concentration in patients with chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and the association of this biomarker with the functional status of patients, echocardiographic parameters of the structural and functional condition of the heart, and the risk of unfavorable outcome.Material and methods This observational, prospective study included 47 patients with HFpEF; 32 (68%) of them were females. Mean age was 70 [66–77] years, EF was 57 [56; 58] %. The group of healthy volunteers consisted of 40 people; 32 (55 %) of them were females; mean age was 56 [53–61] years. For all patients, the functional status was evaluated (6-min walk test, 6MWT); standard echocardiography (EchoCG) was performed; and concentrations of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and neuregulin-1β were measured. The follow-up period was two years. Cases of cardiovascular (CV) death and hospitalizations for decompensated chronic heart failure (CHF) were recorded.Results Median concentration of neuregulin-1β was 0.969 [0.348; 1.932] ng/ml in the HFpEF group, which was significantly higher than 0.379 [0.195; 0.861] ng/ml in the group of healthy volunteers (р=0.003). Significant correlations between the neuregulin-1β concentration and the distance walked in 6MWT or with EchoCG parameters of left ventricular diastolic function were not found. Mean observation time was 456 [244; 730] days. 21 outcomes were observed, including 2 CV deaths and 19 hospitalizations for CHF. Patients with high concentrations of neuregulin-1β (≥Me) had a greater frequency of hospitalizations for CHF (Log-rank, p=0.046) and a higher risk of this outcome (risk ratio, 1.30; 95 % confidence interval, 1.01–1.66; p=0.037).Conclusion Patients with HFpEF had increased concentrations of neuregulin-1β. High levels of neuregulin-1β were associated with a higher risk of hospitalization for decompensated CHF.