bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current distribution and spatial spread patterns of Halyomorpha halys in Germany
Authors: Hess Bastian , Zimmermann Olaf , Baufeld Peter , Reißig Anne , Lutsch Björn , Schrader Gritta 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe brown marmorated stinkbug (Halyomorpha halys Stål) is a polyphagous insect from the Pentatomidae family that is originally from Asia. This contaminating (i.e. hitchhiking) species, often found in urban areas and along anthropogenic infrastructure, is fast spreading in Germany and other European countries. As a pest in those countries for agriculture and as a nuisance pest for the public it is important to have a solid database of the current distribution for spread modelling, risk assessment and further analysis to contain infestations and reduce or prevent further spread. The authors present here the current phytosanitary status and trends of distribution of the brown marmorated stinkbug in Germany.
SYBR Green‐based real‐time PCR test for the identification of adults and larvae of the Japanese beetle Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera Scarabaeidae)
Authors: Rizzo Domenico , Da Lio Daniele , Bruscoli Tommaso , Cappellini Giovanni , Bartolini Linda , Salemi Chiara , Aronadio Antonio , Del Nista Dalia , Oliver Jason B. , Rossi Elisabetta 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) (Coleoptera Scarabaeidae) is a polyphagous invasive pest included in quarantine lists in Europe and in many countries of Africa, Asia and America. No specific molecular methods were available for the identification of adults and preimaginal stages. To bridge this gap, a rapid method (<2 h) based on SYBR Green real‐time PCR for identifying larvae and adults of P. japonica was developed in this study. SYBR Green chemistry was chosen for its cost‐effectiveness and adaptability although it has a lower specificity than other real‐time PCR tests such as the as TaqMan test which requires a probe design. The in‐silico primer specificity was tested, and the theoretical amplicon did not match any of the sequences deposited in databanks. The diagnostic specificity (exclusivity) of the test was assessed by testing the method on taxonomically related species (Popillia anomaloides Kraatz, P. hilaris Kraatz and P. fallaciosa Fairmaire), other Coleoptera and unrelated insect species, with no cross‐reactions. Performance characteristics of the test, in terms of diagnostic specificity (inclusivity), analytical sensitivity, and accuracy, were evaluated. The analytical sensitivity determined on a single larva showed a LoD value of 3.20 pg/µL. The molecular test developed could be highly beneficial for the phytosanitary controls at entry points for the regulatory confirmation of specimen identity and/or for monitoring the presence and spread of P. japonica in the field.
Limited sinonasal Rosai–Dorfman disease presenting as chronic sinusitis
Authors: Rooper Lisa M , White Marissa J , Duffield Amy S , Gagan Jeffrey , London Nyall R , Montgomery Elizabeth A , Bishop Justin A 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimsThe sinonasal tract is a common extranodal site for Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD). Recently, histiocytes with features of RDD were identified in the clinical setting of chronic sinusitis. This study evaluates whether this phenomenon should be considered part of the RDD spectrum or classified separately as RDD‐like histiocytes.Methods and resultsWe prospectively collected 13 cases showing histological features of RDD in chronic sinusitis patients and identified 14 with similar findings (3.5%) via retrospective review of 403 sinus contents over 2 years. All 27 cases displayed nodular aggregates of eosinophilic histiocytes with intermixed lymphoplasmacytic inflammation, prominent eosinophils and emperipolesis. The histiocytes were positive for S100 protein and cyclin D1 and negative for CD1a and CD207. All patients presented with severe chronic sinusitis without tumour formation or systemic symptoms. Twelve patients with follow‐up (55%) required repeat sinus surgery compared with just 43 other sinusitis patients evaluated (11%); features of RDD were present in their additional specimens. Two cases that underwent targeted next‐generation sequencing (20%) had oncogenic mutations in NF1 and KEAP1.ConclusionsOverall, these findings confirm diagnostic histological and immunohistochemical features of RDD in a subset of chronic sinusitis specimens. While patients uniformly lack systemic involvement or tumefactive growth, they have a high risk of recurrent sinus disease. Although the relatively subtle nature of the findings raises consideration of separate classification, the presence of occasional oncogenic mutations and evidence of consistent MAPK/ERK pathway activation via cyclin D1 positivity suggests that this phenomenon represents a unique limited manifestation of RDD.
Present status and future directions: Minimally invasive root canal preparation and periradicular surgery
Authors: Neelakantan Prasanna , Vishwanath Vijetha , Taschieri Silvio , Corbella Stefano 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInspired by several other surgical disciplines, the quest for treating diseases through minimally invasive procedures has permeated endodontics, but not without controversy. Indeed, pulp amputation/excision and root‐end resection are akin to surgical procedures elsewhere in the body and therefore, an increasing number of studies have addressed the “potential” to adopt such minimally invasive procedures in root canal treatment, with the larger goal of conserving tooth tissue for long‐term survival of treated teeth. Yet, it is undeniable that this “trend” has been met with immense resistance with unclear evidence to strongly support or refute this philosophy. One may view root canal treatment as having two important procedural parts: (i) gaining access to the root canal and (ii) achieving clean root canals to remove the necrotic/infected or irreversibly inflamed tissues and then fill the space that was occupied by the pulp tissue and subsequently enlarged during cleaning and shaping, which should result in two key long‐term outcomes: (i) healing of periradicular periodontitis and (ii) survival/retention of the tooth. Whilst a lot of interest has been directed towards gaining access through minimally invasive cavity designs, it is surprising that little effort has been expended on studying minimally invasive root canal preparation or surgical intervention. The aim of this review is not to promote or denigrate these philosophies, but to provide a balanced overview of the concepts, currently available evidence and future perspectives on minimally invasive endodontics from the context of root canal preparation and surgical endodontics. Specific attention is given to the role of modern irrigation strategies in potentially improving canal cleanliness even when canals are minimally prepared and the areas of research that are currently lacking in this topic.
Fortification of low‐nitrite canned pork with willow herb (Epilobium angustifolium L.)
Authors: Ferysiuk Karolina , Wójciak Karolina M. , Trząskowska Monika 
Published: April 2022

SummaryNitrite is a multifunctional additive used for meat products. However, cancerogenic N‐nitrosoamines (NAs) can be formed from nitrite. For this reason, nitrite should be reduced or eliminated. This study aimed to (1) determine the phenolic content, composition, and in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of water lyophilized extracts of willow herb (WH); and (2) assess the effect of the extracts on lipid oxidation, colour, microbiological and chemical safety of canned pork with lower nitrite content during storage. For the preparation of extract, redistilled water at a temp. of 90°C (1:10) was used. The extracts were filtered and freeze‐dried for 72 h (−80°C, 0.04 mbar). Five different variants of product were tested in the study: control (with 100 mg kg−1 NaNO2) and herbal samples (with 50, 100, 150, and 1000 mg kg−1 WH). The samples were assessed for their colour, antioxidant capacity, lipid oxidation, pH, sensory characteristics, and the presence of N‐nitrosamines and pathogenic bacteria. Oenothein B was found as the predominating compound in the analysed extract (HPLC) followed by querceti‐3‐O‐rhamnoside and oenothein A, myricetin 3‐O‐glucoside. The addition of WH extract contributed to maintaining the typical, cured colour of canned meat as well as reducing the NaNO2 content. Furthermore, fortification with 150 mg kg−1 of Epilobium angustifolium L. extract allowed stabilising the antioxidant properties of canned meat during storage to a greater extent compared to 1000 mg kg−1 of extract.
Preparation of a novel and stable iron fortifier: self‐assembled iron‐whey protein isolate fibrils nanocomposites
Authors: Zeng Aoqiong , Leng Juncai , Yang Ruijin , Zhao Wei 
Published: April 2022

SummaryIron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is a major global public health problem and iron fortification of foods has been recognised as the most cost‐effective prevention strategy. However, traditional iron fortificants are easily oxidised and have poor colloidal stability. Herein, we took advantages of whey protein‐isolated (WPI) amyloid fibrils and developed a stable and effective iron‐WPI fibrils (Fe‐FibWPI) nanocomposite for iron fortification. Compared with native WPI, the antioxidant activity of WPI fibrils was significantly improved after 8 h incubation at 90 °C and pH 2.0. Importantly, the degree of fibrillation and fibril concentration influenced iron reducibility. Therefore, we utilised WPI fibrils as anti‐oxidising nanocarriers to form Fe‐FibWPI nanocomposites. The Fe‐FibWPI showed high dispersibility compared with iron nanoparticles (Fe‐Nano). Further, the in vitro bioavailability of iron was significantly higher in the Fe‐FibWPI at various storage conditions than that in the Fe‐Nano. Moreover, the iron‐WPI fibrils could be processed into liquid, gel and powder forms, which will broaden their application. Fe‐FibWPI nanocomposites have the potential to develop as iron fortificants in IDA management.
Transition of cardiometabolic status and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among middle‐aged and older Chinese: A national cohort study
Authors: Qiu Yiwen , Yi Qian , Li Shuting , Sun Weidi , Ren Ziyang , Shen Yaojia , Wu Yuhang , Wang Zhicheng , Xia Wei , Song Peige 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionThe cardiometabolic index (CMI) has been proposed as a novel indicator of cardiometabolic status. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CMI and its longitudinal transitions on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle‐aged and older Chinese.Materials and MethodsWe used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011–2018). CMI was calculated as the product of the waist circumference to height ratio and the triglyceride to high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio. At baseline in 2011, the subjects were classified into low‐ and high‐CMI groups, and then divided into four transition patterns during follow‐up, i.e. maintained‐low, low‐to‐high, high‐to‐low, and maintained‐high CMI. The hazard ratios (HRs) of different transition patterns for type 2 diabetes mellitus were calculated using multivariable Cox frailty models.ResultsDuring 2011–2018, 7,347 participants were included. Participants with a high‐CMI at baseline had a significantly higher risk of new‐onset type 2 diabetes mellitus than those with a low‐CMI (HR = 1.78, 95% CI:1.55–2.05). For subjects with a low‐CMI at baseline, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus increased by 75% if their CMI status changed to high during follow‐up (HRlow‐to‐high = 1.75, 95% CI:1.35–2.28). Meanwhile, for subjects with a maintained‐high CMI, no significant risk reduction for type 2 diabetes mellitus was found when their CMI changed to low status (HRhigh‐to‐low = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.58–1.01).ConclusionsBaseline CMI levels and longitudinal CMI transition patterns were associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Early anti‐lipid measures should be taken to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle‐aged and older Chinese.
Histopathologic features predictive of metastasis and survival in 230 patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and non‐head and neck locations: a single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Farah M. , Milton D.R. , Gross N.D. , Nagarajan P. , Gu J. , Curry J.L. , Ivan D. , Torres‐Cabala C.A. , Myers J.N. , Prieto V.G. , Aung P.P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundStaging systems for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) produce inconsistent risk stratification.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify further prognostic parameters for better stratification.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed the prognostic significance of clinicopathologic parameters of 230 patients who underwent primary excision of invasive cSCC of the head and neck (n = 115) and non‐head and non‐neck (n = 115) locations. In addition to known high‐risk features, we analysed tumour nest shape, invasion pattern, lymphoid response pattern and tumour budding.ResultsOn multivariable analysis, lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and high tumour budding predicted worse disease‐specific survival, and ulceration, LVI and high tumour budding predicted worse overall survival. Only ulceration was independently associated with risk of nodal metastasis.ConclusionHigh tumour budding, LVI and ulceration are independently associated with poor outcome in cSCC and may be used to refine cSCC prognostic stratification, which is crucial to optimize clinical decision and to identify patients who are more likely to benefit from more aggressive interventions or clinical trials.
Monitoring of Diaphorina citri populations from Florida reveals reduced susceptibility to cyantraniliprole and thiamethoxam
Authors: Chen Xue Dong , Qureshi Jawwad A. , Stelinski Lukasz L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, is an important pest that transmits the causal pathogens of huanglongbing (HLB) in citrus. In Florida, HLB threatens citrus production and insecticide overuse for the vector has resulted in evolution of resistance among populations of D. citri to commonly used insecticides. Cyantraniliprole is effective against nymphal and adult D. citri. However, since the introduction of cyantraniliprole use in Florida, observations have suggested that duration of population suppression following foliar sprays against D. citri has decreased from 60 to 28 days during the period between 2012 and 2020. Here, we sampled populations of D. citri from four locations in FL and measured their susceptibility to four insecticides compared with a susceptible laboratory culture. A vial bioassay method was used to measure direct toxicity of insecticides to D. citri. For bifenthrin, cyantraniliprole, dimethoate and thiamethoxam, the resistance ratios of field populations were 6.67–11.33, 3.20–36.37, 12.50–82.50 and 4.60–10.08, respectively. Data suggested that susceptibility levels of D. citri populations to cyantraniliprole have decreased over 10‐fold at three separate citrus growing locations in Florida. Although some shifts in the resistance ratio of cyantraniliprole appear to have occurred since its use began in FL citrus, the resistance ratios are congruent with field observations indicating that D. citri should remain susceptible to label rate applications of this mode of action without control failure. However, our results indicate that sufficient field variation in susceptibility to cyantraniliprole exists among populations of D. citri to justify careful management of this insecticide for prevention of insecticide resistance development.
Relationship between somatostatin receptor expressing tumour volume and health‐related quality of life in patients with metastatic GEP‐NET
Authors: Ohlsson Håkan , Gålne Anni , Trägårdh Elin , Malmström Marlene , Sundlöv Anna , Almquist Martin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFor patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (GEP‐NET), health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) is important. Meanwhile, whether tumour volume is associated with HRQoL is unknown. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess if total somatostatin receptor expressing tumour volume is correlated with HRQoL in patients with metastatic GEP‐NET. Some 71 patients were included in the study. HRQoL and NET‐specific symptoms were assessed with EORTC QLQ‐C30 and EORTC GI.NET21. A summary score was calculated from the output of the QLQ‐C30. Total somatostatin receptor expressing tumour volume was retrospectively evaluated on somatostatin receptor imaging with positron emission tomography‐computed tomography (68Ga‐DOTA‐TATE/TOC PET‐CT) in each patient. Simple and multiple linear regression were used to evaluate the correlation between tumour volume and HRQoL, controlling for potential confounders. No correlation was found between total somatostatin receptor expressing tumour volume and QLQ‐C30 summary score. Weak positive correlations were found between total tumour volume and the specific symptoms dyspnoea, diarrhoea and flushing. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the association between total somatostatin expressing tumour volume and HRQoL. Our results indicate that, while tumour volume is weakly associated with symptom severity of the carcinoid syndrome, other factors might impact more on overall HRQoL.
Peptide‐pro complex serum: Investigating effects on aged skin
Authors: Moy Melissa , Diaz Isabel , Lesniak Ewelina , Giancola Giorgiana 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundEffective anti‐aging treatments are an unmet consumer need.AimEx vivoand clinical tests have evaluated the efficacy of a topical facial serum containing a proprietary blend of neuropeptides, proteins, amino acids, and marine extracts on aged skin.MethodsIn the ex vivo study the facial serum was compared to a commercially marketed face serum and to an untreated control on skin explants using microrelief, smoothness, and epidermal thickness endpoints. The 12 weeks monadic clinical study was designed for the test product to be used on the whole face. Subjects functioned as their own control; evaluating change from baseline. Skin was evaluated clinically by a Dermatologist for tolerability and for efficacy. Also part of the product assessment was skin hydration measurements, imaging, and a subject questionnaire.ResultsThe facial serum improved skin condition by significant reductions in skin surface area occupied by microfolds and in skin roughness. Additionally, it increased epidermal thickness as compared to the untreated control as well as the commercially marketed face serum. The facial serum provided a statistically increased skin moisturization compared to pretreatment values. Dermatological evaluation of the skin concluded that there were statistically and clinically significant improvements in skin smoothness, wrinkles severity, fine lines visibility and lifting, and tightening effects at crow's feet area, forehead, and upper lip.ConclusionA facial serum, containing a proprietary blend of neuropeptides, proteins, amino acids, and marine extracts, has been shown to improve the overall quality of aged skin in a series of ex vivo and clinical tests.
Prevalence of clinical signs and factors impacting expression of myosin heavy chain myopathy in Quarter Horse‐related breeds with the MYH1E321G mutation
Authors: Valberg Stephanie J. , Schultz Abigail E. , Finno Carrie J. , Bellone Rebecca R. , Hughes Shayne S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of clinical signs and factors triggering muscle atrophy and rhabdomyolysis associated with an MYH1E321G mutation in Quarter Horses and related breeds (QH) remain poorly understood.Hypothesis/ObjectivesDetermine the prevalence and potential triggers of atrophy and stiffness in horses homozygous reference (N/N), heterozygous (My/N), and homozygous (My/My) for the MYH1E321G mutation.AnimalsTwo‐hundred seventy‐five N/N, 100 My/N, and 10 My/My QH.MethodsA retrospective case‐control study using a closed‐ended questionnaire completed by clients of the Veterinary Genetics Laboratory at the University of California, Davis. History of clinical signs, disease, vaccination and performance were analyzed by genotype using contingency testing.ResultsAtrophy occurred in proportionately more horses with MYH1E321G (My) than N/N QH and more frequently in My/My than My/N QH (P < .001; My/My 8/10 [80%], My/N 17/100 [17%], N/N 29/275 [11%]). More My/My horses had rapid atrophy (P < .001), with recurrence in 50%. Fewer My/My horses recovered versus My/N QH (P < .001). Stiffness was common across genotypes (P = .100; My/My 4/10 [40%], My/N 18/100 [18%], N/N 48/275 [17%]). Three months before the observed atrophy and stiffness, 47% of MYH1E321G QH were vaccinated or had respiratory or gastrointestinal disease. Horses achieving 100% expected performance did not differ across genotypes (50% My/My, 71% My/N, 55% N/N), but, only 4/10 My/My QH were competing. My/N horses achieved national or world championships or both.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceApproximately 20% of My/N QH develop rapid atrophy. Atrophy is more common (80%) in homozygous My/My QH and less likely to resolve. Inciting causes such as vaccination and infection are inapparent in over half of cases.
Relationship between hospitalised older people’s fear of falling and adaptation to old age, quality of life, anxiety and depression
Authors: Turhan Damar Hale , Demir Barutcu Canan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundFear of falling affects older people physically and psychosocially, causing a decrease in their daily activities.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between fear of falling (FoF) in hospitalised older people and their difficulty in adapting to old age, quality of life, anxiety, depression and other associated factors.MethodsThis descriptive correlational study was carried out in a university hospital. The sample consisted of 409 hospitalised older patients. The data were collected using the Falls Efficacy Scale International, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly (ASADE) and the Adaptation of Quality of Life Scale in Older People (CASP‐19).ResultsIt was found that 74.1% of the older people were found to have high FoF. Five models were created to determine the predictors of FoF, of which Model 5 explained 61% of the total variance (F = 42.455, p = .000). Among the independent variables included in Model 5, being a woman (β = −086, 95% CI −3.5 to −0.52, p = .008), having a chronic disease (β = .293, 95% CI 6.3–10.01, p < .001), using a walking aid (β = .152, 95% CI 1.74–5.49, p < .001), CASP‐19 autonomy‐satisfaction perception (β = −.242, 95% CI 0.33–0.08, p < .001), CASP‐19 disability perception (β = −.111, 95% CI 0.58–1.22, p < .001) and the ASADE role and self‐actualisation mode (β = .361, 95% CI −0.50 to 0.08, p < .001) were found to be statistically significant predictors of FoF.ConclusionsA large proportion of hospitalised older people tend to have a fear of falling. Being a woman, having a chronic disease, using a walking aid as well as quality of life and difficulty in adapting to old age are the predictors of FoF.Implications for practiceNurses should evaluate the associated psychosocial components in order to reduce the fear of falling among hospitalised older people.