bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supernova Neutrino Burst Search at KamLAND
Authors: Eizuka M , Ishidoshiro K , Obara S 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe report a result of supernova neutrino burst search at KamLAND in a neutrino energy range of 1.8–111 MeV via the inverse-beta decay (IBD). The search was performed using data from 2002 March 9th to 2020 July 17th, and the corresponding livetime is 5001.21 days. We searched for two or more sequential IBD events within 10 s as a supernova neutrino burst candidate. The dominant background is the accidental cluster of 2 or more IBD events caused by neutrinos from other sources, though, which are estimated to be almost negligible. We evaluated detectable ranges for some emitted supernova neutrino burst models. The conservative detectable ranges are 38kpc for core-collapse supernova (ccSN) and 42kpc for failed ccSN. We found no significant supernova neutrino burst events and set a 90% upper limit on the supernova neutrino detection rate in KamLAND as 0.178 burst/yr.
The JUNO OSIRIS Detector
Authors: Sterr Tobias 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Online Scintillator Internal Radioactivity Investigation System (OSIRIS) is a 20-ton liquid scintillator detector currently under construction at the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) in Kaiping, China. OSIRIS features 76 newly developed, “intelligent PMTs” (iPMTs) surrounding a cylindrical acrylic vessel enclosed in a Cherenkov muon veto. Two calibration systems, an Automated Calibration Unit (ACU) and a laser calibration system are available. The detector will be integrated into the Liquid Handling System (LHS) of JUNO. The main purpose of OSIRIS is the monitoring of the radiopurity of the liquid scintillator during the filling phase of JUNO, measuring contamination levels of 238U, 232Th, 85Kr, 210Po and 14C. A consecutive physics phase addressing solar neutrinos and 0νββ decay is foreseen.
Understanding the systematic effects for the directional detection of sub-MeV solar neutrinos with Borexino
Authors: Singhal Apeksha 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Borexino, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy, is a liquid scintillator detector that measures solar neutrinos via elastic scattering off electrons. The scintillation process of detection makes it impossible to distinguish electrons scattered by neutrinos from the electrons emitted from the decays of radioactive backgrounds. Due to the unprecedented radio-purity achieved by the Borexino detector, the real time spectroscopic detection of solar neutrinos from both the pp chain and CNO fusion cycle of the Sun has been performed. With the newly presented analysis, it is now possible for the first time, to perform the directional detection of the sub-MeV solar neutrinos and extract the 7Be interaction rate using the few Cherenkov photons emitted at early times, in the direction of scattered electrons with an energy threshold of 0.16 MeV in the liquid scintillator. The angle which correlates the direction of the Sun and the direction of the emitted Cherenkov photons is a key parameter to extract the neutrino signal from data. This article will describe the strategy used in the evaluation of various systematic effects including the geometric conditions of the detector and the data selection cuts that can influence the shape of the directional angle distribution for backgrounds, which is crucial to disentangle the directional sub-MeV solar neutrino signal from the isotropic background in data.
nEXO light detection system
Authors: Chana Bindiya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractnEXO is a future 5-tonne scale liquid xenon time projection chamber (TPC) experiment looking for hypothetical neutrinoless double beta decay of isotope136Xe. To attain the projected half-life sensitivity of 1028years, it aims to achieve an energy resolution of 1% or better at the Q-value (Qββ = 2.458 MeV) of the decay. nEXO plans to employ silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) on the lateral surface of the cylindrical TPC to detect the light signals. Newly developed SiPMs sensitive to vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light will be directly used for the detection of scintillation photons (λ = 175nm) in liquid xenon. For achieving the target energy resolution, the light detection system must have high photon detection efficiency, low correlated avalanche noise and low dark noise rate. The SiPM devices from two vendors are considered for the light detection system in the experiment. The primary goal of this research project is to characterize the VUV-SiPMs and measure their various features like gain, crosstalk, afterpulsing, dark noise rate, reflectivity and photon detection efficiency. Along with all these measurements, a monitoring tool will be required to test the large number of SiPMs before installing them in the detector. Current-voltage(IV) curve characterisation is being explored as a quick quality-testing tool for the performance of SiPM.
Probing the Neutrino-Nucleus Elastic Scattering with Point Contact Germanium detectors and its Quantum-Mechanical Coherency Effects
Authors: Sharma V. , Wong H. T. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Neutrino Nucleus Elastic scattering (υAel
) is a well understood Standard Model process. A generic scale of Eυ
<50 MeV is usually taken to characterize the requirement of coherency in vAel process. To quantify this transition, we formulated a universal parametrization of the degree of coherency. The TEXONO experiment is pursuing measurement of the υAel
interactions with the reactor neutrinos at Kuo-Sheng Reactor Neutrino Laboratory (KSNL), in a kinematic regime where the Quantum Mechanical coherency is complete. Point-contact germanium detectors at sub-keV sensitivities are adopted to detect the low-energy nuclear recoils in υAel
. We report our latest status and plan of this program. A complementing line of research is on the formulation of a universal scheme to quantify the QM coherency effects in υAel
, and study their dependence on experimental configurations. Constraints from existing measurements from COHERENT experiment are presented.
Dark Matter Physics in Neutrino Telescopes and Neutrino Physics in Dark Matter Detectors
Authors: Cheek Andrew 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
It is often the case that experiments built with a focus on a specific fundamental question are sensitive to a wider range of physical phenomena. In this proceedings I discuss two cases where new insights will come from experiments that have a different primary purpose. First, presents results from Ref. [1], which assesses what simple dark matter models will be uniquely probed by a upcoming Neutrino telescope inspired by KM3NeT. Given the existing constraints from γ-ray telescopes, measurements of the cosmic microwave background and direct dark matter detection, we focus on a secluded U(1)L
μ − L
γ model as particularly promising. Secondly, I present the results from Ref. [2], which describes how detecting solar neutrinos in direct dark matter detection experiments will be vital for confirming the possible U(1)L
μ − L
γ explanation of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon.
Status of 0νββ search in KamLAND-Zen800
Authors: Takeuchi Atsuto 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
KamLAND-Zen is an experiment searching for a neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ-decay) using 136Xe. We started the KamLAND-Zen800 phase in 2019 and are aiming to the 0νββ-decay search in the inverted mass hierarchy. Xenon spallation products, that is a newly considered background, become one of the dominant backgrounds in Zen800 as a result of background reduction efforts. A parameter Effective Number of Neutrons is introduced to tag the xenon spallation background. Now we are able to measure a production rate of them. In this proceedings, the status of 0νββ-decay search in KamLAND-Zen800 and the method to measure the xenon spallation products are described.
First results from the HENSA/ANAIS collaboration at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory
Authors: Mont-Geli N , Tarifeño-Saldivia A , Orrigo S E A , Taín J L , Grieger M , Agramunt J , Algora A , Amaré J , Bemmerer D , Calviño F , Cebrián S , Coarasa I , Cortés G , Blas A De , Dillmann I , Fraile L M , García E , García R , Martínez M , Nacher E , Ortigoza Y , Ortiz A , Pallàs M , Puimedón J , Salinas A , Sarsa M L , Tolosa-Delgado A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The HENSA/ANAIS collaboration aims for the precise determination of the neutron flux that could affect ANAIS-112, an experiment looking for the dark matter annual modulation using NaI(Tl) scintillators. In this work, the first measurements of the neutron flux and Monte Carlo simulations of the neutron spectrum are reported.
Effects of nonzero Majorana CP phases on oscillations of supernova neutrinos
Authors: Popov Artem , Studenikin Alexander 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Following our paper [1], we study the effects of nonzero Dirac and Majorana CP violating phases on neutrino-antineutrino oscillations engendered by magnetic fields of astrophysical environments. We show that in the presence of strong magnetic fields and dense matter, nonzero CP phases can induce new resonances in neutrino-antineutrino oscillations, in particular in the channels

ν
e

↔

ν
¯

e

,

ν
e

↔

ν
¯

μ

and

ν
e

↔

ν
¯

τ

. The discovered resonances can lead to appearance of potentially observable phenomena in neutrino oscillations accessible for observation in future experiments, such as JUNO and Hyper-Kamiokande.
Neutrino magnetic moments in low-energy neutrino scattering on condensed matter systems
Authors: Donchenko Georgy , Kouzakov Konstantin , Studenikin Alexander 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The cross sections of elastic neutrino scattering on electrons and nuclei in the regime of low-energy transfer are known to be very sensitive to neutrino electromagnetic properties. In particular, the magnetic moment of the neutrino can be effectively searched using liquid or solid detectors with a very low energy threshold. We present the formalism that incorporates the neutrino magnetic moment contribution in the theoretical treatment of the low-energy elastic neutrino scattering on a condensed-matter target. The concept of the dynamic structure factor is employed to describe the collective effects in the target. The differential cross section for tritium antineutrino scattering on the superfluid 4He is calculated numerically. We find that the neutrino magnetic moment of the order of 10−11

μB
strongly affects the cross section. Our results can be used in the search of neutrino magnetic moments in future low-energy neutrino scattering experiments with liquid or solid targets.
ENUBET: a monitored neutrino beam for the precision era of neutrino physics
Authors: Iacob F , Acerbi F , Angelis I , Bonesini M , Branca A , Brizzolari C , Brunetti G , Calviani M , Capelli S , Carturan S , Catanesi M G , Cecchini S , Charitonidis N , Cindolo F , Collazuol G , Corso F Dal , Delogu C , Rosa G De , Falcone A , Goddard B , Gola A , Jollet C , Kain V , Klicek B , Kudenko Y , Lampoudis Ch , Laveder M , Longhin A , Ludovici L , Lutsenko E , Magaletti L , Mandrioli G , Margotti A , Mascagna V , Mauri N , Meazza L , Meregaglia A , Mezzetto M , Nessi M , Paoloni A , Pari M , Parozzi E G , Pasqualini L , Paternoster G , Patrizii L , Pozzato M , Prest M , Pupilli F , Radicioni E , Riccio C , Ruggeri A C , Sampsonidis D , Scian C , Sirri G , Stipcevic M , Tenti M , Terranova F , Torti M , Tzamarias S E , Vallazza E , Velotti F , Votano L 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The ENUBET ERC project, also included in the CERN Neutrino Platform as NP06/ENUBET, is developing a new neutrino beam based on conventional techniques in which the flux and the flavor composition are known with unprecedented precision (O (1%)). Such a goal is accomplished monitoring the associated charged leptons produced in the decay region of the ENUBET facility. Positrons and muons from kaon decays are measured by a segmented calorimeter instrumenting the walls of the decay tunnel, while muon stations after the hadron dump can be used to monitor the neutrino component from pion decays. Furthermore, the narrow momentum width (<10%) of the beam provides a precise measurement (O (10%)) of the neutrino energy on an event by event basis, thanks to its correlation with the radial position of the interaction at the neutrino detector. ENUBET is therefore an ideal facility for a high precision neutrino cross-section measurement at the GeV scale, that could enhance the discovery potential of the next-generation of long baseline experiments. It is also a powerful tool for testing the sterile neutrino hypothesis and to investigate possible non-standard interactions.
The optical simulation model of the DarkSide-20k Veto detector
Authors: Türkoülu Cenk , Choudhary Sarthak 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
DarkSide-20k is a rare-event search experiment aimed at finding signals of dark matter particles. It is a dual-phase detector that registers ionisation and scintillation signals originating from the particles interacting with the liquid argon detector medium. It is enclosed in a single-phase liquid argon neutron veto tank, equipped with Gd-loaded panels for capturing neutrons. Since vetoing and particle identification are carried out using the light signal, it is crucial to maximise the light yield. Light collection efficiency depends on optical properties of the detector and particularly for the veto detector, which has a photosensor coverage of the order of a per cent, the reflectivity of the walls has a big impact. To quantify the amount of collected light, a comprehensive Geant4 simulation is performed, which uses optical characterisation data. In this work, a detailed description of the optics model for the veto of the experiment will be discussed.
Neutrino quantum decoherence engendered by neutrino decay to photons, familons and gravitons
Authors: Lichkunov Alexey , Stankevich Konstantin , Studenikin Alexander , Vyalkov Maxim 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We developed the previously proposed theoretical framework based on the quantum field theory of open systems applied to neutrinos. Within this framework we have considered the neutrino evolution and neutrino flavour oscillations taking into account for the decay of a heavier neutrino state to a lighter neutrino state and to a massless particle, namely photons, dark photons, axion-like particles and gravitons. We have shown that the neutrino evolution accounting for the decays will be governed by the Lindblad master equation, in which the decoherence parameters are proportional to the neutrino decay rate.
Characterization of the DUNE photodetectors and study of the event burst phenomenon
Authors: Minotti Alessandro 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is an upcoming neutrino physics experiment that will answer some of the most compelling questions in particle physics and cosmology. The DUNE far detectors employ silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) to detect light produced by charged particles interacting in a large liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC). The SiPMs are photosensors consisting of an array of single-photon avalanche diodes (SPAD) operating in Geiger mode. Their high sensitivity and dynamic range, as well as the possibility to fill large surfaces with high-granularity sensors, makes them an ideal choice for DUNE. An international consortium of research groups is currently engaged in a systematic comparison of the performances of the SiPM models that have been custom developed for DUNE by two manufacturers. Such detailed studies, which include gain measurements and a structure study of the dark count rate at 77 K, are meant to determine the best choice of the photodetection system for DUNE, as well as characterize the response of the chosen detectors for the DUNE simulation. Moreover, an investigation of a newly observed phenomenon, in which quick bursts of tens of events at close range are collected in individual SiPMs, is being carried out, which potentially impacts the design of future models and their implementation in particle physics experiments.
Predicting flood damage probability across the conterminous United States
Authors: Collins Elyssa L , Sanchez Georgina M , Terando Adam , Stillwell Charles C , Mitasova Helena , Sebastian Antonia , Meentemeyer Ross K 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Floods are the leading cause of natural disaster damages in the United States, with billions of dollars incurred every year in the form of government payouts, property damages, and agricultural losses. The Federal Emergency Management Agency oversees the delineation of floodplains to mitigate damages, but disparities exist between locations designated as high risk and where flood damages occur due to land use and climate changes and incomplete floodplain mapping. We harnessed publicly available geospatial datasets and random forest algorithms to analyze the spatial distribution and underlying drivers of flood damage probability (FDP) caused by excessive rainfall and overflowing water bodies across the conterminous United States. From this, we produced the first spatially complete map of FDP for the nation, along with spatially explicit standard errors for four selected cities. We trained models using the locations of historical reported flood damage events (n = 71 434) and a suite of geospatial predictors (e.g. flood severity, climate, socio-economic exposure, topographic variables, soil properties, and hydrologic characteristics). We developed independent models for each hydrologic unit code level 2 watershed and generated a FDP for each 100 m pixel. Our model classified damage or no damage with an average area under the curve accuracy of 0.75; however, model performance varied by environmental conditions, with certain land cover classes (e.g. forest) resulting in higher error rates than others (e.g. wetlands). Our results identified FDP hotspots across multiple spatial and regional scales, with high probabilities common in both inland and coastal regions. The highest flood damage probabilities tended to be in areas of low elevation, in close proximity to streams, with extreme precipitation, and with high urban road density. Given rapid environmental changes, our study demonstrates an efficient approach for updating FDP estimates across the nation.
Categorization of plastic debris on sixty-six beaches of the Laurentian Great Lakes, North America
Authors: Arturo Ian A , Corcoran Patricia L 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Laurentian Great Lakes system is a major global sink for plastic debris. An area of 10 m2 on each of sixty-six Great Lakes beaches was sampled for large micro-, meso- and macroplastic items. A total of 21 592 plastic items were collected and categorized. Pre-production plastic pellets were the most abundant debris type, accounting for 58.3% of the total count. The remaining 42.7% of the debris items are the focus of this study. Detailed, multi-step characterization was performed with the plastics being categorized using physical identification, known usage, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Values of 805.5 items m−2 at Baxter Beach in Sarnia, Ontario, Canada, and 688.1 items m−2 at Bronte Beach in Oakville, Ontario, Canada are the highest of all sampling locations. Sampling sites on only three beaches contained no plastic debris: Bay City in Michigan, U.S.A., Presque Isle State Park in Erie, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. and Pebble Beach in Marathon, Ontario, Canada. The plastic items sampled were mainly large microplastics (68.4% of total) with a total of 1477.5 items m−2, followed by mesoplastics (27.3% of total) with 598.8 items m−2, and macroplastics (4.3% of total) with 91.9 items m−2. By mass, the microplastic fraction accounted for 25.61 g m2 (14.1%), the mesoplastic for 47.06 g m2 (25.9%), and macroplastic for 109.3 g m2 (60.1%). A total of 3004 items were determined as specific polymers based on physical properties, known polymer usage, Resin Identification Code, and FTIR. A total of 1227 plastic items (40.8% of total) were identified as expanded polystyrene. The 49 most common items, excluding pellets, were scored using a matrix scoring technique to determine their potential general origin. It was determined that these items mostly originated from shoreline and urban sources, whereas pellets originated from the plastics industry.
Cellulolytic fungi modify the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents of organic fertilizers
Authors: Fikrinda F , Marlina M , Khalil M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cellulolytic fungi are involved in releasing nutrients from organic sources. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of cellulolytic fungi on the total nitrogen (N), total phosphorus (P), and total potassium (K) contents in different organic fertilizers. This study was arranged in randomized block design 3 X 3 with three replications. There were two factors, cellulolytic fungi (Talaromyces pinophilus strain MR107, Penicillium sp. isolate SR18, and Purpureocillium lilacinum isolate PIGD23i) and organic fertilizers (cow manure, compost, and vermicompost). The results indicated that Penicillium sp. isolate SR18 had a better effect than other cellulolytic fungi species on tot. N, tot. P and tot. K contents of cow manure; tot. N and tot. K contents of compost; and tot. P content of vermicompost while P. lilacinum isolate PIGD23i showed a better effect on tot. N and tot. K contents of vermicompost. The highest tot. N, and tot. K contents were found in P. lilacinum isolate PIGD23i-inoculated vermicompost while the tot. P content was in Penicillium sp. isolate SR18-inoculated vermicompost. Overall, adding cellulolytic fungi is an alternative way to improve the nutrient content of organic fertilizer.
Changes in functional properties during fermentation of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson yam using Lactobacillus plantarum
Authors: Syah I T , Irundu D , Bahmid N A , Indrastuti  , Karim I 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to see how inoculum loading (2 and 5% v/v) and fermentation period (0–72 h) affected the functional properties ofA. paeoniifolius(Dennst.) Nicolson yam flour.L. plantarumfermentation was used to ferment the sliced yam. In general, swelling power of modified flour increased along with the increasing of inoculum and fermentation time but not significant, while the water solubility index reduced significantly by fermentation. The water absorption capacity of flour increased significantly as inoculum concentration and fermentation period were increased, and then decreased with the length of the fermentation process. Bulk density implied that the fermentation process formed an open structure of starch granule with a higher proportion of void spaces. The FTIR analysis showed the modification of functional groups of starch that indicates the change of physicochemical properties along the fermentation process due to the interaction ofL. plantarum. The color of the treated flour whiter than control makes its application for various food products will be wider. This result suggested that fermentation by 5%L. plantarumwithin 48 h could provide a greater extent of flour such as processed cheese, sausage, dough, and baked products.