bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct balancing of lipid mobilization and reactive oxygen species production by the epoxidation of fatty acid catalyzed by a cytochrome P450 protein during seed germination
Authors: Xiang Fuyou , Liu Wen‐Cheng , Liu Xin , Song Yuwei , Zhang Yu , Zhu Xiaojing , Wang Pengtao , Guo Siyi , Song Chun‐Peng 
Published: December 2022

Summary

Fatty acid (FA) β‐oxidation provides energy for oil seed germination but also produces massive byproduct reactive oxygen species (ROS), posing potential oxidative damage to plant cells. How plants overcome the contradiction between energy supply and ROS production during seed germination remains unclear.

In this study, we identified an Arabidopsis mvs1 (methylviologen‐sensitive) mutant that was hypersensitive to ROS and caused by a missense mutation (G1349 substituted as A) of a cytochrome P450 gene, CYP77A4.

CYP77A4 was highly expressed in germinating seedling cotyledons, and its protein is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum. As CYP77A4 catalyzes the epoxidation of unsaturated FA, disruption of CYP77A4 resulted in increased unsaturated FA abundance and over accumulated ROS in the mvs1 mutant. Consistently, scavenging excess ROS or blocking FA β‐oxidation could repress the ROS overaccumulation and hypersensitivity in the mvs1 mutant. Furthermore, H2O2 transcriptionally upregulated CYP77A4 expression and post‐translationally modified CYP77A4 by sulfenylating its Cysteine‐456, which is necessary for CYP77A4's role in modulating FA abundance and ROS production.

Together, our study illustrates that CYP77A4 mediates direct balancing of lipid mobilization and ROS production by the epoxidation of FA during seed germination.
Immediate effect of clear aligners and fixed appliances on perioral soft tissues and speech
Authors: Wang Darren , Firth Fiona , Bennani Florence , Farella Mauro , Mei Li 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the immediate three‐dimensional (3D) perioral soft‐tissue changes and impact on speech induced by clear aligners and fixed appliances.Materials and MethodsIn this repeated‐measure experimental study, stereophotogrammetric 3D photographs of 40 participants were recorded before and immediately after the introduction of clear aligners and fixed appliances. The 3D surface meshes were registered to quantify changes in the direction and magnitude of nine soft tissue landmarks located on the upper and lower lips. Self‐reported speech disturbance was evaluated using a questionnaire. Data were analysed using repeated‐measures analysis of variance.ResultsIn the vertical plane, the clear aligners induced inferior displacement (range 0.4‐1.5 mm) for all nine landmarks (P < .01), whereas fixed appliances induced inferior displacement only of A‐point (0.4 ± 0.9 mm), right crista philtri (0.5 ± 1.1 mm) and left crista philtri (0.7 ± 1.1 mm). The clear aligners induced greater vertical changes than fixed appliances for all landmarks (P < .05). In the sagittal plane, both clear aligners and fixed appliances slightly advanced all perioral landmarks, except subnasale. Fixed appliances caused greater changes than clear aligners for right cheilion (+0.8 mm), left cheilion (+0.8 mm) and labrale inferius (+0.9 mm) (P < .01). Both orthodontic appliances had a significant self‐perceived effect on speech, with clear aligners affecting speech to a greater degree.ConclusionClear aligners and fixed appliances produced immediate effects on perioral soft tissues, which are most evident in the vertical plane for clear aligners, and in the sagittal plane for fixed appliances. Speech was affected by both appliances.
Hyperbaric oxygen enhances X‐ray induced ferroptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells
Authors: liu Jia , An Wei , Zhao Qian , Liu Zhen , Jiang Ying , Li Huiqing , Wang Di 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the combined effect of X‐ray radiation (IR) and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and to explore the possible molecular mechanism.MethodsThe OSCC cells were treated with or without IR, together with or without HBO co‐exposure. Cells were transfected with specific plasmids using Lipofectamine 2000. The cell varieties, apoptosis markers, and ferroptosis markers were determined by using appropriate method. OSCC xenograft mice model was categorized into several subgroups according to the specific treatement. GPX4 expressions were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in OSCC tissues and were tested by ELISA in serums from OSCC patients.ResultsThe co‐exposure of IR and HBO significantly strengthened the cytotoxicity of IR on SCC15‐S cells in ferroptosis‐dependent manner. The regulated GPX4/ferroptosis mediated the HBO function on re‐sensitizing the radio‐resistant OSCC cells to IR. In xenograft mice, co‐exposure of IR and HBO can significantly reduce the tumor under IR activation compared with IR alone. Clinical data indicated that high GPX4 levels were associated with poor chemo‐radiotherapy outcome.ConclusionsHBO could re‐sensitize radio‐resistant OSCC cells through GPX4/ferroptosis regulation. These results provide a potential therapeutic strategy for clinical radio‐resistance.
Principal component analysis of the biopsychosocial features relevant to temporomandibular disorders
Authors: Kim Hye‐Kyoung , Kim Mee‐Eun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the dimensionality of three biopsychosocial constructs with multiple subdimensions, including the Symptom Checklist‐90‐Revised (SCL‐90R), pain catastrophizing scale (PCS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and to identify the latent dimensions of five biopsychosocial constructs (SCL‐90R, PCS, PSQI, pain severity, and pain interference) using the principal component analysis (PCA) in patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD).Subjects and MethodsA secondary analysis of a previous cross‐sectional study comprising 1488 patients with painful TMD was conducted using multiple questionnaires.ResultsPCA of the SCL‐90R and PCS identified one factor, which explained 60.8% and 80.2% of the total variance, respectively. For the PSQI, three factors explained 61.3% of the variance. PCA resulted in two main orthogonal components: factor 1, which comprised a combination of scores for pain severity, pain interference and global scores of PCS, and PSQI; and factor 2, which comprised one measure of the SCL‐90R. Factors 1 (46.5%) and 2 (20.0%) explained 66.5% of the total variance.ConclusionThe findings of this study revealed that five measures can be primarily categorised into two latent constructs of the psychological (affective) and pain‐related (sensory‐cognitive) dimensions. These core components could be applied in clinical settings and for research purposes.
Transient immune deficiency accompanied with homozygous CBL rare variant
Authors: Morishita Aoi , Yeh Tzu‐Wen , Tomari Kouki , Furuichi Mihoko , Kashimada Kenichi , Morio Tomohiro , Takagi Masatoshi , Imai Kohsuke 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundA critical role in cellular proliferation is played by Casitas B‐lineage Lymphoma proto‐oncogene (CBL). Germline heterozygous CBL variants give rise to CBL syndrome, which is phenotypically similar to RASopathy. Somatic mutations in CBL have been reported in patients with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML).MethodsExome analysis was performed in a patient with immunodeficiency who developed Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.ResultsExome analysis identified a homozygous CBL missense variant. Cell biological analysis of this CBL variant confirmed attenuated function.ConclusionSpontaneous regression of hematological proliferation has been observed in patients with CBL‐mutated JMML and in patients with CBL syndrome. Intriguingly, immunological impairment was spontaneously ameliorated by aging in this patient.
Measurement of Unmet Need for Contraception: A Counterfactual Approach
Authors: Karra Mahesh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnmet need plays a critical role in reproductive health research, evaluation, and advocacy. Although conceptually straightforward, its estimation suffers from a number of methodological limitations, most notably its reliance on biased measures of women's stated fertility preferences. We propose a counterfactual‐based approach to measuring unmet need at the population level. Using data from 56 countries, we calculate unmet need in a population as the difference between: (1) the observed contraceptive prevalence in the population; and (2) the calculated contraceptive prevalence in a subsample of women who are identified to be from “ideal” family planning environments. Women from “ideal” environments are selected on characteristics that signal their contraceptive autonomy and decision‐making over family planning. We find significant differences between our approach and existing methods to calculating unmet need, and we observe variation across countries when comparing indicators. We argue that our indicator of unmet need is preferable to existing population‐level indicators due to its independence from biases that are generated from the use of reported preference measures, the simplicity with which it can be derived, and its relevance for cross‐country comparisons as well as context‐specific analyses.
Redefining antiracism: Learning from activists to sharpen academic language
Authors: Ferguson Annie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPeople have fought against racism for as long as it has existed and yet it persists in diverse and materially impactful ways. The primary challenge to eradicating racism is likely the power of white privilege. This paper argues that another important obstacle to progress has been the lack of a clear definition of antiracism that movement activists and scholars can collaboratively use to ensure that antiracist scholarship and efforts meet the full measure of the term's intention. While academia has struggled to converge on a definition, “lay race theorists” and movement activists—Black women in particular, have been participating in discourse online and through other venues where consensus appears to be developing around a definition. This article attempts to summarize activist discourse in defining antiracism as “the commitment to eradicate racism in all its forms” and individual antiracism as “the commitment to eradicate racism in all its forms, by (1) building an understanding of racism and (2) taking action to eliminate racism “within oneself, in other people, in institutions, and through actions outside of institutions,” noting that “antiracism is an ongoing practice and commitment that must be accountable to antiracist Black people, Indigenous people, and other People of Color and consider intersectional systems of oppression.” While research on the public conversation benefits from its easy access and limited additional burdens on movement activists, future research should test these definitions with movement activists to ensure that definitions and metrics are as relevant to the antiracist movement as possible.
Racial equity in social psychological science: A guide for scholars, institutions, and the field
Authors: Torrez Brittany , Hudson Sa‐kiera Tiarra Jolynn , Dupree Cydney H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHow can social psychologists ensure their scholarship does not maintain racial inequality—or better, is anti‐racist? This article serves as a reference for scholars by briefly reviewing the state of racial inequality in psychological science before providing concise yet comprehensive recommendations. Challenges include (a) the field's historic role in inequality‐maintenance (especially by reinforcing harmful stereotypes), (b) pervasive objectivity norms that reify Whiteness as the status quo, and (c) the inequitable allocation of resources to White scholars and White‐centered scholarship. Recommendations center on (a) methodological practices during the research process (from idea generation to manuscript preparation), (b) empirical transparency from scholars during the publication process, and (c) institutional, resource‐focused support from gatekeepers (e.g., editors, senior faculty) to incentivize the diversification of our science.
Anomalous weathering records in the Cleveland Basin (Yorkshire, UK) during the T‐OAE global warming
Authors: Wang Yunfeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEarly Toarcian (~183 Ma) was marked by a global warming event which accelerated continental chemical weathering. To constrain the early Toarcian weathering intensity of a Cleveland Basin (Yorkshire, UK) region, this study employed its sediment chemical weathering proxies (potassium/aluminium (K/Al) and K/rubidium (K/Rb)). The K/Al and K/Rb exhibit an anomalous chemical weathering intensity signal from the contemporaneous warm, moist world. Variations in weathering intensity for the Yorkshire section inversely comply with detrital grain size changes (indicated by Al/silicon (Al/Si)). This finding implies that continental chemical weathering did not play a major role in changing detrital grain sizes in the Yorkshire sediments. Instead, short‐term sea‐level changes in the Cleveland Basin can explain the stratigraphic variations in detrital grain sizes. Anomalies of geochemical proxies for chemical weathering and eustatic sea‐level changes do exist at local scales possibly driven by Milankovitch cycle, which reminds us to be more careful when reconstructing palaeoclimate states.
Altered expression levels of long non‐coding natural antisense transcripts overlapping the UGT73C6 gene affect rosette size in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Meena Shiv Kumar , Heidecker Michel , Engelmann Susanne , Jaber Ammar , de Vries Tebbe , Triller Saskia , Baumann‐Kaschig Katja , Abel Steffen , Behrens Sven‐Erik , Gago‐Zachert Selma 
Published: December 2022

SUMMARYNatural antisense long non‐coding RNAs (lncNATs) are involved in the regulation of gene expression in plants, modulating different relevant developmental processes and responses to various stimuli. We have identified and characterized two lncNATs (NAT1UGT73C6 and NAT2UGT73C6, collectively NATsUGT73C6) from Arabidopsis thaliana that are transcribed from a gene fully overlapping UGT73C6, a member of the UGT73C subfamily of genes encoding UDP‐glycosyltransferases (UGTs). Expression of both NATsUGT73C6 is developmentally controlled and occurs independently of the transcription of UGT73C6 in cis. Downregulation of NATsUGT73C6 levels through artificial microRNAs results in a reduction of the rosette area, while constitutive overexpression of NAT1UGT73C6 or NAT2UGT73C6 leads to the opposite phenotype, an increase in rosette size. This activity of NATsUGT73C6 relies on its RNA sequence and, although modulation of UGT73C6 in cis cannot be excluded, the observed phenotypes are not a consequence of the regulation of UGT73C6 in trans. The NATsUGT73C6 levels were shown to affect cell proliferation and thus individual leaf size. Consistent with this concept, our data suggest that the NATsUGT73C6 influence the expression levels of key transcription factors involved in regulating leaf growth by modulating cell proliferation. These findings thus reveal an additional regulatory layer on the process of leaf growth. In this work, we characterized at the molecular level two long non‐coding RNAs (NATsUGT73C6) that are transcribed in the opposite direction to UGT73C6, a gene encoding a glucosyltransferase involved in brassinosteroid homeostasis in A. thaliana. Our results indicate that NATsUGT73C6 expression influences leaf growth by acting in trans and by modulating the levels of transcription factors that are involved in the regulation of cell proliferation.
Optimizing interpretation of survival studies of fresh and aged transfused biotin‐labeled RBCs
Authors: Donnenberg Albert D. , Kim‐Shapiro Daniel B. , Kanias Tamir , Moore Linda R. , Kiss Joseph E. , Lee Janet S. , Xiong Zeyu , Wang Ling , Triulzi Darrell J. , Gladwin Mark T. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundEx vivo labeling with 51chromium represents the standard method to determine red blood cell (RBC) survival after transfusion. Limitations and safety concerns spurred the development of alternative methods, including biotinylated red blood cells (BioRBC).Study Design and MethodsAutologous units of whole blood were divided equally into two bags and stored under standard blood bank conditions at 2 to 6°C (N = 4 healthy adult volunteers). One bag was biotinylated (15 μg/ml) on storage days 5 to 7 (fresh) and the other was biotinylated (3 μg/ml) on days 35 to 42 (aged). The proportion of circulating BioRBC was measured serially, and cell‐surface biotin was quantified with reference to molecules of equivalent soluble fluorochrome. Clearance kinetics were modeled by RBC age distribution at infusion (Gaussian vs. uniform) and decay over time (constant vs. exponential).ResultsData were consistent with biphasic exponential clearance of cells of uniform age. Our best estimate of BioRBC clearance (half‐life [T1/2]) was 49.7 ± 1.2 days initially, followed by more rapid clearance 82 days after transfusion (T1/2 = 15.6 ± 0.6 days). As BioRBC aged in vivo, molecules of equivalent soluble fluorochrome declined with a T1/2 of 122 ± 9 days, suggesting gradual biotin cleavage. There were no significant differences between the clearance of fresh and aged BioRBC.ConclusionSimilar clearance kinetics of fresh and aged BioRBC may be due to the extensive washing required during biotinylation. Survival kinetics consistent with cells with uniform rather than Gaussian or other non‐uniform age distributions suggest that washing, and potentially RBC culling, may extend the storage life of RBC products.
Alternative splicing in CEP290 mutant cats results in a milder phenotype than LCACEP290 patients
Authors: Minella Andrea L. , Narfström Wiechel Kristina , Petersen‐Jones Simon M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeThe rdAc cat has an intronic mutation in the centrosomal 290 kDa (CEP290) gene resulting in a frameshift and a premature stop codon (c.6960 + 9 T > G, p.Ile2321AlafsTer3) predicted to truncate the protein by 157 amino acids. CEP290 mutations in human patients cause a range or phenotypes including syndromic conditions and severe childhood loss of vision while the rdAc cat has a milder phenotype. We sought to further characterize the effect of rdAc mutation on CEP290 expression.MethodsTaqMan quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction assays were used to compare wildtype and truncated transcript levels. Relative protein abundance was analyzed by Western blot. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to detect CEP290 protein.ResultsCEP290 mutant cats show low‐level (17.4% of wildtype cats) use of the wildtype splice site and usage of the mutant splice site. Western analysis shows retina from cats homozygous for the mutation has CEP290 protein that likely comprises a combination of both wildtype and truncated protein. IHC detects CEP290 in affected and control retina labeling the region of the interconnecting cilium.ConclusionsThe comparably milder phenotype of CEP290 mutant cats is likely due to the retained production of some full‐length CEP290 protein with possible functional contributions from presence of truncated protein.
Conjugator length in Thompson's groups
Authors: Belk James , Matucci Francesco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe prove that Thompson's group has quadratic conjugator length function. That is, for any two conjugate elements of of length or less, there exists an element of of length that conjugates one to the other. Moreover, there exist conjugate pairs of elements of of length at most such that the shortest conjugator between them has length . This latter statement holds for and as well.
Geometric generalizations of the square sieve, with an application to cyclic covers
Authors: Bucur Alina , Cojocaru Alina Carmen , Lalín Matilde N. , Pierce Lillian B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe formulate a general problem: Given projective schemes and over a global field K and a K‐morphism η from to of finite degree, how many points in of height at most B have a pre‐image under η in ? This problem is inspired by a well‐known conjecture of Serre on quantitative upper bounds for the number of points of bounded height on an irreducible projective variety defined over a number field. We give a nontrivial answer to the general problem when and is a prime degree cyclic cover of . Our tool is a new geometric sieve, which generalizes the polynomial sieve to a geometric setting over global function fields.
Correlations of multiplicative functions in function fields
Authors: Klurman Oleksiy , Mangerel Alexander P. , Teräväinen Joni 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe develop an approach to study character sums, weighted by a multiplicative function , of the formwhere χ is a Dirichlet character and ξ is a short interval character over . We then deduce versions of the Matomäki–Radziwiłł theorem and Tao's two‐point logarithmic Elliott conjecture over function fields , whereqis fixed. The former of these improves on work of Gorodetsky, and the latter extends the work of Sawin–Shusterman on correlations of the Möbius function for various values ofq. Compared with the integer setting, we encounter a different phenomenon, specifically a low characteristic issue in the case thatqis a power of 2. As an application of our results, we give a short proof of the function field version of a conjecture of Kátai on classifying multiplicative functions with small increments, with the classification obtained and the proof being different from the existing one in the integer case. In a companion paper, we use these results to characterize the limiting behavior of partial sums of multiplicative functions in function fields and in particular to solve a “corrected” form of the Erdős discrepancy problem over .
Examination of the horizontal gene transfer dynamics of an integrative and conjugative element encoding multidrug resistance in Histophilus somni
Authors: Farghaly Mai , Hynes Michael F. , Nazari Mohammad , Checkley Sylvia , Liljebjelke Karen 
Published: December 2022

Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are self-transferable mobile genetic elements that play a significant role in disseminating antimicrobial resistance between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. A recently identified ICE in a clinical isolate of Histophilus somni ( ICEHs02) is 72 914 base pairs in length and harbours seven predicted antimicrobial resistance genes conferring resistance to tetracycline ( tetR-tet(H)), florfenicol ( floR), sulfonamide ( Sul2), aminoglycosides ( APH(3″)-Ib, APH(6)-Id, APH(3′)-Ia), and copper ( mco). This study investigated ICEHs02 host range, assessed effects of antimicrobial stressors on transfer frequency, and examined effects of ICEHs02 acquisition on hosts. Conjugation assays examined transfer frequency of ICEHs02 to H. somni and Pasteurella multocida strains. Polymerase chain reaction assays confirmed the presence of a circular intermediate, ICE-associated core genes, and cargo genes in recipient strains. Susceptibility testing examined ICEHs02-associated resistance phenotypes in recipient strains. Tetracycline and ciprofloxacin induction significantly increased the transfer rates of ICEHs02 in vitro. The copy numbers of the circular intermediate of ICEHs02 per chromosome exhibited significant increases of ∼37-fold after tetracycline exposure and ∼4-fold after ciprofloxacin treatment. The acquisition of ICEHs02 reduced the relative fitness of H. somni transconjugants (TG) by 28% ( w = 0.72 ± 0.04) and the relative fitness of P. multocida TG was decreased by 15% ( w = 0.85 ± 0.01).