bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cellulose Nanocrystal Aqueous Colloidal Suspensions: Evidence of Density Inversion at the Isotropic‐Liquid Crystal Phase Transition
Authors: da Rosa Rafaela R. , Silva Pedro E. S. , Saraiva Diogo V. , Kumar Anant , de Sousa António P. Mendes , Sebastião Pedro , Fernandes Susete N. , Godinho Maria Helena 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe colloidal suspensions of aqueous cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are known to form liquid crystalline (LC) systems above certain critical concentrations. From an isotropic phase, tactoid formation, growth, and sedimentation have been determined as the genesis of a high‐density cholesteric phase, which, after drying, originates solid iridescent films. Herein, the coexistence of a liquid crystal upper phase and an isotropic bottom phase in CNC aqueous suspensions at the isotropic–nematic phase separation is reported. Furthermore, isotropic spindle‐like domains are observed in the low‐density LC phase and high‐density LC phases are also prepared. The CNCs isolated from the low‐ and high‐density LC phases are found to have similar average lengths, diameters, and surface charges. The existence of an LC low‐density phase is explained by the presence of air dissolved in the water present within the CNCs. The air dissolves out when the water solidifies into ice and remains within the CNCs. The self‐adjustment of the cellulose chain conformation enables the entrapment of air within the CNCs and CNC buoyancy in aqueous suspensions.
Adatom Bonding Sites in a Nickel‐Fe3O4(001) Single‐Atom Model Catalyst and O2 Reactivity Unveiled by Surface Action Spectroscopy with Infrared Free‐Electron Laser Light
Authors: Liu Yun , Han Zhongkang , Gewinner Sandy , Schöllkopf Wieland , Levchenko Sergey V. , Kuhlenbeck Helmut , Roldan Cuenya Beatriz 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSingle‐atom (SA) catalysis presently receives much attention with its promise to decrease the cost of the active material while increasing the catalyst's performance. However, key details such as the exact location of SA species and their stability are often unclear due to a lack of atomic level information. Here, we show how vibrational spectra measured with surface action spectroscopy (SAS) and density functional theory (DFT) simulations can differentiate between different adatom binding sites and determine the location of Ni and Au single atoms on Fe3O4(001). We reveal that Ni and Au adatoms selectively bind to surface oxygen ions which are octahedrally coordinated to Fe ions. In addition, we find that the Ni adatoms can activate O2 to superoxide in contrast to the bare surface and Ni in subsurface positions. Overall, we unveil the advantages of combining SAS and DFT for improving the understanding of single‐atom catalysts.
What Is the Smallest Zeolite That Could Be Synthesized?**
Authors: Dhabal Debdas , Bertolazzo Andressa A. , Molinero Valeria 
Published: May 2022

AbstractZeolites with a few unit cells are promising as catalyst and adsorbents. The quest to synthesize the smallest zeolites has recently resulted in 4 to 8 nm nanozeolites, about 2 to 4 unit cells. These findings pose the question of what is the smallest zeolite that could be obtained by hydrothermal synthesis. Here we address this question using molecular simulations and thermodynamic analysis. The simulations predict that amorphous precursors as small as 4 nm can crystallize zeolites, in agreement with the experiments. We find that interfacial forces dominate the structure of smaller particles, resulting in size‐dependent compact isomers that have ring and pore distributions different from open framework zeolites. The instability of zeolites smaller than 3±0.5 nm precludes a classical mechanism of nucleation from solution or through assembly of small nanoslabs.
Anion‐Guided Stepwise Assembly of High‐Nuclearity Lanthanide Hydroxide Clusters
Authors: Huang Weiming , Chen Wanmin , Bai Qixia , Zhang Zhe , Feng Min , Zheng Zhiping 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe ability to construct complex molecular architectures with precise control is critical for realizing molecule‐based materials and functions. Using the assembly of a 60‐metal complex of ErIIIwith histidine as an example, we demonstrate the rational assembly of otherwise synthetically elusive polynuclear lanthanide hydroxide clusters directed by the combined set of I−and CO32−as templates. We succeeded in the stepwise transformation starting fromEr12toEr60by way of two key intermediatesEr34andEr48. TheEr12,Er34, andEr48core motifs represent respectively 1/6, 1/2, and 3/4 of the complete sodalite cage ofEr60. This work, representing a rare example of rationally constructing high‐nuclearity lanthanide clusters guided by judiciously chosen templates, is expected to stimulate more future efforts for the controllable synthesis of complex molecular or supramolecular architectures with unprecedented structural sophistication and possibly useful properties.
Effect of support hydrophobicity of halloysite‐based catalysts on the polyalphaolefin hydrofinishing performance
Authors: Shams Arash , Sadjadi Samahe , Duran Josep , Simon Sílvia , Poater Albert , Bahri‐Laleh Naeimeh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHydrogenation of polyalphaolefins (PAOs) is an industrial process catalyzed by supported precious metals. In this regard, halloysite (Hal) clay has been proven as an efficient support for the immobilization of Pd nanoparticles and development of high‐performance catalysts under mild reaction condition. In this research, the effect of Hal hydrophobicity on the PAO hydrofinishing efficiency is studied. In this line, cetrimonium bromide (CTAB) was used for adjusting the hydrophobicity of halloysite surface. Three catalysts, Hal/Pd, Hal/Pd/CTAB, and Hal/CTAB/Pd, were fabricated by palladation of Hal, treating palladated Hal with CTAB and palladation of CTAB‐treated Hal, respectively. The catalysts were characterized, and their activity for the hydrogenation of PAO was appraised. Moreover, a molecular simulation approach was employed to survey the effect of surface hydrophobicity of Hal on the alkene hydrogenation energy diagram and the steric maps of the main catalytic stages. Both experimental and computational studies approved that the presence of CTAB detracts the activity of the catalyst. Moreover, the order of introduction of Pd and CTAB affects the content of incorporated CTAB and Pd and Pd particle size, and the order of catalysts activity was as follows: Hal/Pd > Hal/Pd/CTAB > Hal/CTAB/Pd. In fact, 5 wt.% Hal/Pd promoted the hydrogenation at 130°C and hydrogen pressure of 8 bar to furnish 98% hydrogenated PAO.
Team power dynamics and team impact: New perspectives on scientific collaboration using career age as a proxy for team power
Authors: Xu Huimin , Bu Yi , Liu Meijun , Zhang Chenwei , Sun Mengyi , Zhang Yi , Meyer Eric , Salas Eduardo , Ding Ying 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPower dynamics influence every aspect of scientific collaboration. Team power dynamics can be measured by team power level and team power hierarchy. Team power level is conceptualized as the average level of the possession of resources, expertise, or decision‐making authorities of a team. Team power hierarchy represents the vertical differences of the possessions of resources in a team. In Science of Science, few studies have looked at scientific collaboration from the perspective of team power dynamics. This research examines how team power dynamics affect team impact to fill the research gap. In this research, all coauthors of one publication are treated as one team. Team power level and team power hierarchy of one team are measured by the mean and Gini index of career age of coauthors in this team. Team impact is quantified by citations of a paper authored by this team. By analyzing over 7.7 million teams from Science (e.g., Computer Science, Physics), Social Sciences (e.g., Sociology, Library & Information Science), and Arts & Humanities (e.g., Art), we find that flat team structure is associated with higher team impact, especially when teams have high team power level. These findings have been repeated in all five disciplines except Art, and are consistent in various types of teams from Computer Science including teams from industry or academia, teams with different gender groups, teams with geographical contrast, and teams with distinct size.
Response of terrestrial net primary production to climate change associated with the quadrupling CO2 forcing in CMIP6 models
Authors: Zhu Jiawen , Gao Xiaofei , Zeng Xiaodong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTerrestrial net primary production (NPP) has shown remarkable changes in response to increasing atmospheric CO2 and associated climate change. Many studies have investigated and emphasized the CO2 fertilization effects, while the climatic effects remain uncertain in magnitude and spatial pattern. This study investigates these climatic effects and underlying causes by using outputs of the simulation abruptly quadrupled CO2 from 23 CMIP6 models. We find that tropical terrestrial NPP decreases but extratropical terrestrial NPP increases in response to the CO2‐induced climate change. The decreased tropical terrestrial NPP is significantly correlated with the warmer and drier climate anomalies, while the increased extratropical terrestrial NPP is significantly correlated with the warmer and wetter climate anomalies. These results emphasize the climatic effects on terrestrial NPP and reveal the differences among different terrestrial ecosystems, which is favorable for a better understanding of the terrestrial carbon cycle and its coupling with climate.
Algaecide Controls Geosmin in Tulsa
Authors: Hammond David 
Published: May 2022

Key TakeawaysFor years, geosmin was causing taste and odor (T&O) issues for the residents of Tulsa, Okla.With the application of algaecide at the pipe's intake, the median geosmin concentration was reduced by 83%.While utilities should focus on source water quality, the application of algaecide can help provide immediate relief for T&O issues related to geosmin.
Collaboratively Advancing Water Equity
Authors: Carpenter Letitia 
Published: May 2022

Key TakeawaysSome communities in the United States struggle for access to a safe, reliable supply of water as they deal with challenges such as water quality and affordability.The US Water Alliance embarked on a project in 2018 to lay the foundation for bringing water utilities and community organizations together to explore and resolve issues of water inequity.Utilities play a significant role in making water equitable for more people, and they can extend the scope of their positive influence in their communities.
Perspectives of different colour‐emissive nanomaterials in fluorescent ink, LEDs, cell imaging, and sensing of various analytes
Authors: Atulbhai Sadhu Vibhuti , Singhal Rakesh Kumar , Basu Hirakendu , Kailasa Suresh Kumar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the past 2 decades, multicolour light‐emissive nanomaterials have gained significant interest in chemical and biological sciences because of their unique optical properties. These materials have drawn much attention due to their unique characteristics towards various application fields. The development of novel nanomaterials has become the pinpoint for different application areas. In this review, the recent progress in the area of multicolour‐emissive nanomaterials is summarized. The different emissions (white, orange, green, red, blue, and multicolour) of nanostructure materials (metal nanoclusters, quantum dots, carbon dots, and rare earth‐based nanomaterials) are briefly discussed. The potential applications of different colour‐emissive nanomaterials in the development of fluorescent inks, light‐emitting diodes, cell imaging, and sensing devices are briefly summarized. Finally, the future perspectives of multicolour‐emissive nanomaterials are discussed.
Recent Developments in Plasmonic Alloy Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Modelling, Properties and Applications
Authors: Coviello Vito , Forrer Daniel , Amendola Vincenzo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDespite the traditional plasmonic materials are counted on one hand, there are a lot of possible combinations leading to alloys with other elements of the periodic table, in particular those renowned for magnetic or catalytic properties. It is not a surprise, therefore, that nanoalloys are considered for their ability to open new perspectives in the panorama of plasmonics, representing a leading research sector nowadays. This is demonstrated by a long list of studies describing multiple applications of nanoalloys in photonics, photocatalysis, sensing and magneto‐optics, where plasmons are combined with other physical and chemical phenomena. In some remarkable cases, the amplification of the conventional properties and even new effects emerged. However, this field is still in its infancy and several challenges must be overcome, starting with the synthesis (control of composition, crystalline order, size, processability, achievement of metastable phases and disordered compounds) as well as the modelling of the structure and properties (accuracy of results, reliability of structural predictions, description of disordered phases, evolution over time) of nanoalloys. To foster the research on plasmonic nanoalloys, here we provide an overview of the most recent results and developments in the field, organized according to synthetic strategies, modelling approaches, dominant properties and reported applications. Considering the several plasmonic nanoalloys under development as well as the large number of those still awaiting synthesis, modelling, properties assessment and technological exploitation, we expect a great impact on the forthcoming solutions for sustainability, ultrasensitive and accurate detection, information processing and many other fields.
Dual Photoredox and Cobalt Catalysis Enabled Transformations
Authors: Ram Bajya Kalu , Selvakumar Sermadurai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDual photoredox and cobalt catalysis opens a new and exciting avenue for transition metal catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction. The ability of this approach to access low valent cobalt species gives enormous opportunity to develop reactions that relies on stoichiometric methods. In this mini review, we have compiled the most recent development of this dual catalytic system with particular attention paid to the mechanistic details and substrate scope. We hope that this review will be useful for synthetic organic chemists and further stimulate the advancement of more novel strategies.
A novel HNRNPH1::ERG rearrangement in aggressive acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Jiang Feiling , Lang Xingping , Chen Nan , Jin Liqin , Liu Lingfeng , Wei Xiaobin , Pan Jianhua , Yu Feng , Blake Angella , Xiao Sheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFUS::ERG rearrangement is a recurrent abnormality seen in a subgroup of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a poor prognosis. We described here a novel HNRNPH1::ERG rearrangement in a de novo AML. The patient was unresponsive to routine chemotherapy and succumbed to the disease just 3 months after diagnosis. Two additional cases of AML with HNRNPH1::ERG rearrangement were discovered by searching a publicly available sequencing database. The three patients share several clinical phenotypes with the FUS::ERG rearranged AML, including high blast count at diagnosis, pediatric or young adult‐onset, and poor overall survival. In addition, hnRNPH1 and FUS are both hnRNP family members, a group of RNA‐binding proteins functioning in RNA metabolism and transport. Therefore, we suggest that patients with HNRNPH1::ERG or FUS::ERG rearrangement belong to the same distinct clinicopathologic subtype of AML, that is, AML with ERG rearrangement. Based on a previous study showing that FUS::ERG binds to the retinoic acid‐responsive elements and that all‐trans retinoic acid‐induced cell differentiation of AML cells, we support the clinical evaluation of an APL‐like therapeutic regimen for AML with ERG rearrangement.
Chronic hepatitis B virus infection and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma by age and country of origin in people living in Sweden: A national register study
Authors: Duberg Ann‐Sofi , Lybeck Charlotte , Fält Anna , Montgomery Scott , Aleman Soo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and surveillance is recommended for patients without cirrhosis when risk exceeds an incidence rate (IR) of 0.2%. Populations in Asia and sub‐Saharan Africa have been associated with HCC at younger ages, but the risk after immigration to Western countries should be investigated. The aim of this study was to study HCC by age and country of origin in people with chronic HBV infection in Sweden. Through national registers, residents with chronic HBV diagnosis (1990–2015) were identified with information on country of origin, immigration/emigration, death, coinfections, antiviral therapy, and HCC. Observation time started at HBV diagnosis, and IR and hazard ratios for HCC were calculated by sex, age, and region of origin. Among 16,410 individuals (47% women), the origin and observation time (person years) were as follows: Western Europe, 2316 (25,415); Eastern Europe, 2349 (26,237); Middle East/North Africa, 4402 (47,320); sub‐Saharan Africa, 3677 (30,565); Asia, 3537 (35,358); and other, 129 (1277). There were 232 individuals with HCC (82% in men). The IR increased with age and exceeded 0.2% for Asian men from age group 40–49 years (IR, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.39–1.00), for men of other origins from age group 50–59 years, and for women aged ≥60 years originating from Eastern Europe, Asia, and Middle East/North Africa. After exclusion of patients with cirrhosis or HBV treatment, the IR still exceeded 0.2% in Asian men aged 40–49 years. This study demonstrates that HBV‐infected men of Asian origin should be recommended HCC surveillance at younger ages, but there is a need for further studies of HCC incidence in African‐born men without cirrhosis living in the Western world.
Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema syndrome induced by pembrolizumab in patient with urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Yoshimura Akihiro , Yamanaka Kazuaki , Tadokoro Rei , Wakita Teppei , Fukae Shota , Yoshida Takahiro , Sekiguchi Masahiro , Kishikawa Hidefumi 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionRecent introduction of immuno‐oncology drugs such as pembrolizumab has resulted in improved outcomes for urothelial carcinoma patients. However, immune‐related adverse events generally show great variance and are often difficult to diagnose and control.Case presentationAn 84‐year‐old Japanese male with urothelial carcinoma metastasis to the lungs after a laparoscopic left radical nephroureterectomy procedure was treated with pembrolizumab, an immuno‐oncology drug, as second‐line therapy. At week 6, inflammatory arthralgia involving the hands and shoulder joints, and edema of the hands were presented. The diagnosis was remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema syndrome. Pembrolizumab was discontinued, and oral corticosteroid therapy was started. Two months later, pembrolizumab treatment was resumed because of a significant improvement in patient condition.ConclusionAlthough rare, immune‐related adverse events are occasionally encountered during the use of immune‐oncology drugs; thus, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are important.
Subacute 28 days oral toxicity study of kaempferol and biochanin‐A in the mouse model
Authors: Yangzom Padma , Amruthanand S. , Sharma Meemansha , Mahajan Sumit , Lingaraju Madhu Cholenahalli , Parida Subhashree , Sahoo Monalisa , Kumar Dinesh , Singh Thakur Uttam 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe present study was undertaken to investigate the safety of kaempferol (KEM) and biochanin‐A (BCA) following subacute exposure in mice. KEM and BCA were administered in three different doses by oral administration for 28 days. Evaluation of general toxicity parameters by examining the clinical signs, body weight, organ weights, haematological, biochemical, oxidative stress parameters, and histopathology was done. Administration of KEM and BCA for 28 days did not show any clinical signs of toxicity, nor any treatment‐related changes in body weight and organ weights in comparison to control. The haematological parameters such as red blood cell, white blood cell, platelets count, haemoglobin (Hb) level, haematocrit, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, red cell distribution width, and platelet distribution width did not show any change in the treated groups and control. Furthermore, different biochemical parameters like markers of the liver (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase), kidney (creatinine and urea), and heart (creatinine kinase‐myocardial band and lactate dehydrogenase) injury along with other biochemical parameters showed nonsignificant differences between treated groups and control. Results of oxidative stress parameters in treated groups showed insignificant variations with control. The level of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase were markedly increased in the treated groups; however, these were nonsignificant in comparison to control. In histopathology, evaluation of all vital organs, such as liver, kidney, heart, and lungs, did not show any morphological abnormalities and lesions in treated groups and control. The present study suggests that KEM and BCA have no adverse effects on the general physiology in mice.
Does the sixth wave of COVID‐19 break in Okinawa?
Authors: Tomochi Masaki , Kono Mitsuo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to forecast possible situations of the COVID‐19 spreading for Okinawa Prefecture in Japan.MethodsThe VSIIR model is proposed to extend the SIIR model to include vaccine effects where the parameter denotes the vaccination rate and is treated as a control parameter on which possible situations for Okinawa would depend.ResultsIt is shown that the infection ends without spreading if is satisfied where refers to the antibody duration, for infection and for vaccination, respectively.ConclusionIt is important to set a vaccination policy that can save lives and maintain daily life at the same time.