bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning-Based Radiomics Model to Predict Benign and Malignant PI-RADS v2.1 Category 3 lesions : A Retrospective Multi-center Study
Authors: Jin Pengfei , Shen Junkang , Yang Liqin , Zhang Ji , Shen Ao , Bao Jie , Wang Ximing 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To develop machine learning-based prediction models derive from different MRI sequences for distinction between benign and malignant PI-RADS 3 lesions before intervention, and to cross-institution validate the generalization ability of the models.
Methods: The pre-biopsy MRI datas of 463 patients diagnosed as PI-RADS 3 lesions were collected from 4 medical institutions. 2347 radiomics features were extracted from the VOI of T2WI, DWI and ADC maps. The ANOVA feature ranking method and support vector machine (SVM) classifier were used to construct 3 single-sequence models and 1 integrated model combined with the features of three sequences. All the models were established in the training set and independently verified in the internal test and external validation set. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to quantify the predictive performance of each model. Hosmer-lemeshow test was used to evaluate the degree of fitting between prediction probability and pathological results. Non-inferiority test was used to check generalization performance of the integrated model.
Results: T2WI-model with the mean AUC of 0.717 for predicting clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) (internal test AUC = 0.738 vs. external validation AUC = 0.695, P = 0.264) and 0.624 for predicting all cancer (internal test AUC = 0.678 vs. external validation AUC = 0.589, P = 0.547). DWI-model with the mean AUC of 0.658 for predicting csPCa (internal test AUC = 0.635 vs. external validation AUC = 0.681, P = 0.086) and 0.655 for predicting all cancer (internal test AUC = 0.712 vs. external validation AUC = 0.598, P = 0.437). ADC-model with the mean AUC of 0.746 for predicting csPCa (internal test AUC = 0.767 vs. external validation AUC = 0.724, P = 0.269) and 0.645 for predicting all cancer (internal test AUC = 0.650 vs. external validation AUC = 0.640, P = 0.848). Integrated model with the mean AUC of 0.803 for predicting csPCa (internal test AUC = 0.804 vs. external validation AUC = 0.801, P = 0.019) and 0.763 for predicting all cancer (internal test AUC = 0.801 vs. external validation AUC = 0.754, P = 0.047).
Conclusions: The radiomics model based on mechine learning has the potential to be a non-invasive tool to distinguish cancerous, noncancerous and csPCa in PI-RADS 3 lesions and the generalization ability between different date set.
Safety and efficacy of total thoracoscopic surgery for patients with tricuspid regurgitation and reduced right ventricular function after left heart valves replacement: a retrospective comparative study
Authors: Lin Zhiqin , Xu Zheng , Chen Xiujun , Lin Feng , Chen Liangwan , Dai Xiaofu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Tricuspid valve surgery is the standard treatment for tricuspid valve disease refractory to pharmacologic therapy. However, patients with tricuspid regurgitation after previous left heart valves replacement with reduced right ventricular (RV) function are at greater risk of surgery. We compared the clinical outcomes of tricuspid valve replacement in this subgroup of patients through mini-thoracotomy and conventional full-sternotomy approach.
Methods: We identified 44 patients at our institution with tricuspid regurgitation and reduced right ventricular function after left heart valves replacement who underwent either total thoracoscopic tricuspid valve replacement (T-TVR) or conventional tricuspid valve replacement (C-TVR) from December 2014 and May 2021. Patient clinical characteristics, hospital course, and postoperative changes in RV function were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.
Results: Baseline characteristics between T-TVR and C-TVR were comparable including a high incidence of liver dysfunction and renal insufficiency. There were no statistically differences between the two groups in terms of hospital mortality (8.0% vs. 21.1%, P = 0.211). Patients in the T-TVR group had less total drainage volume (201.60±77.05 ml vs 614.74±182.31 ml, p <0.001), required fewer postoperative blood product transfusions,
and had a lower total length of hospital stay (15(15-16) vs. 16(14-17) days, P = 0.019) compared to the C-TVR group. T-TVR was associated with better and faster recovery of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and right ventricle fractional area change (RVFAC) (adjusted β =0.003, 95% CI: 0.000 to .005, p = .024, and adjusted β = 0.381, 95% CI: -0.349 to 1.111, p = 0.306; respectively) within the first 3 months postoperatively compared with C-TVR.
Conclusions:
T-TVR represents a viable alternative to current surgical strategies as a potentially sicker cohort demonstrated similar hospital mortality compared to conventional surgery, with reduced length of hospital stay, fewer blood transfusions, and more favorable in promoting RV functional recovery in the early period. Future prospective, randomized-controlled trials with longer follow-up durations are needed to validate these findings.
Soluble VE-cadherin disrupts endothelial barrier function via VE-PTP/RhoA signalling
Authors: Knop Juna-Lisa , Burkard Natalie , Danesh Mahsdid , Dandekar Thomas , Srivast Mugdha , Hiermaier Matthias , Waschke Jens , Flemming Sven , Schlegel Nicolas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aim: Increased levels of soluble Vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin fragments (sVE-cadherin) have previously been linked with inflammation-induced loss of endothelial barrier function. We tested whether sVE-cadherin is critically involved in the onset of endothelial barrier dysfunction.
Methods and Results: Application of recombinant human sVE-cadherin (extracellular domains EC1-5) on human microvascular endothelial cells in vitro and in a rat model in vivo induced loss of endothelial barrier function and reduced microcirculatory flow. sVE-cadherinEC1-5 led to decreased localization of VE-cadherin at cell borders. Additionally, sVE-cadherinEC1-5 perturbed VE-protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP)/VE-cadherin interaction. VE-PTP inhibitor AKB9778 blunted all sVE-cadherinEC1-5-induced effects in vitro and in vivo. Downstream effects involve VE-PTP-dependent RhoA activation which was attenuated by AKB9778. Rho-kinase inhibitor Y27632 blocked sVE-cadherinEC1-5-induced loss of endothelial barrier function.
Conclusion: sVE-cadherin disrupts endothelial barrier function by dismantling the VE-cadherin complex at cell borders via VE-PTP-dependent RhoA activation. This uncovers a novel pathophysiological role of sVE-cadherin in the context of endothelial barrier dysfunction in inflammation.
Mucociliary transport velocity is decreased in nasal polyp mucosae despite vigorous ciliary beating
Authors: Nguyen Thi Nga , Koga Yuma , Wakasugi Tetsuro , Kitamura Takuro , Suzuki Hideaki 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background

Mucociliary transport function in the airway mucosa is essential for maintaining a clean mucosal surface. This function is impaired in upper and lower airway diseases. Nasal polyps are a typical pathological feature of prolonged rhinosinusitis. Like the ordinary nasal mucosa, nasal polyps have a ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with vigorous ciliary beating. We herein measured ex vivo mucociliary transport velocity (MCTV) and ciliary beat frequency (CBF) and explored the expressions of planar cell polarity (PCP) proteins in nasal polyps in comparison with turbinate mucosae.

Methods

Inferior turbinates and nasal polyps were collected from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis during endoscopic sinonasal surgery. Ex vivo MCTV and CBF were measured using a high-speed digital imaging system. Expressions of PCP proteins were explored by fluorescence immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR.

Results

The MCTV of nasal polyps was significantly lower than that of the turbinates (7.43±2.01 vs. 14.56±2.09μm/s; P=0.0361), whereas CBF did not differ between the two tissues. The MCTV vector was pointed to the posteroinferior direction in all turbinates with an average inclination angle of 41.0 degrees. Immunohistochemical expressions of Dishevelled-1, Dishevelled-3, Frizzled3, Frizzled6, Prickle2 and Vangl2 were lower in the nasal polyps than in the turbinates. The expression levels of mRNAs for Dishevelled-1, Dishevelled-3 and Frizzled3 in the nasal polyps were also decreased in comparison with the turbinates.

Conclusions

These results indicate that ciliary transport in nasal polyps is impaired although vigorous ciliary beating is maintained, and that the impairment may be caused by a decrease in Dishevelled/Frizzled proteins and resultant PCP disarrangement.
Epidemiological and Histopathological Characteristics of Gynecological Cancers in Somalia
Authors: Hussein Ahmed Issak , Omar Abdikarim Ali , Hassan Hiba Bashir , Abdullahi Ismail Mohamud , Mohamed Shamsa Hussein , Birge Ozer 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background: Gynecological malignancies are prevalent, with a high mortality rate. The present is the first report from Somalia regarding the epidemiological and histopathological characteristics of gynecological cancers.
Methods: This study reviewed all pathology results obtained from gynecologic patients who underwent various procedures and biopsies over seven years. The investigated parameters were sociodemographic features, histopathological characteristics, and management options, including surgical interventions.
Results: The prevalence of gynecological cancers in our study was 7.1%. Among 225 cases with histopathologically confirmed primary gynecological malignancies, cervical and endometrial cancers were the most common (n= 137 and 42, 61% and 18.6%), respectively. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histologic type in cervical, vaginal and vulvar cancers. All patients diagnosed with cervical cancer had no history of cervical screening. Approximately 70% of the patients presented in the late stages of the disease. More than half (n=28, 67%) of patients with Endometrioid adenocarcinoma have been found to have other comorbidities, including diabetic Mellitus (n=17, 60.7%) and hypertension (n=11, 39.3%). Total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy without pelvic lymphadenectomy were performed in 35/42 patients with endometrial cancer.
Conclusions: Cervical carcinoma was the most frequently observed gynecological malignancy during the study period. Majority of our patients presented in the late stages of advanced disease. Lack of adequate knowledge of the disease, poor socioeconomic status, limited resources, and inadequate expertise is believed to be the causes of the late presentation of the patients. Since cervical cancer is a preventable disease, national screening and awareness programs are necessary to reduce the burden of cancer and improve women's health in Somalia.
SARS-CoV-2 engages replication and inflammasome activation through lipid remodeling via SREBPs
Authors: Bozza Patrícia , Soares Vinicius , Dias Suelen , Santos Julia , Azevedo-Quintanilha Isaclaudia , Moreira Isabela , Sacrmento Carolina , Rodrigues Natalia , Temerozo Jairo , Silva Marcos , Barreto-Vieira Debora , Souza Thiago 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 and other ssRNA + viruses induce major cellular lipid rearrangements, exploiting the host's metabolic pathways to replicate. Sterol regulatory-element binding proteins (SREBPs) are a family of transcription factors that control lipid metabolism. SREBP1 is associated with the regulation of fatty acid metabolism, while SREBP2 controls cholesterol metabolism, and both isoforms are associated with lipid droplet (LD) biogenesis. SARS-CoV-2 infection has been shown to increase the expression and activation of SREBPs, but the impact of this pathway on the infection outcome is still poorly explored. Here, we evaluated the effect of pharmacologic and molecular inhibition of SREBP1 and SREBP2 in a SARS-CoV-2-infected lung epithelial cell line (Calu-3). We showed that SARS-CoV-2 infection induced the expression and activation of SREBP1 and SREBP2, enzymes of lipid metabolism and LD accumulation. Partial inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication and cell death was observed with the genetic knockdown of SREBP1 or SREBP2, while combined SREBP1 and SREBP2 knockdown led to synergistic inhibition. Combined SREBP1 and SREBP2 knockdown inhibited DGAT-1 expression and abrogated SARS-CoV-2-triggered LD formation in Calu-3 cells. Moreover, blockage of LD biogenesis by DGAT1 siRNA inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication and cell death. Pharmacological inhibition with the dual SREBP activation inhibitor fatostatin reduced virus replication, cell death and LD biogenesis. In addition, we demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 induced cell death by pyroptosis, with activation of caspase-1, cleavage of gasdermin D1 and release of IL-1β and IL-18 depending on SREBP activation. Collectively, our findings help to elucidate that SREBPs are crucial host factors required for viral replication, LD biogenesis and inflammasome activation and indicate SREBP as a host target for the development of antiviral strategies.
Life is more satisfying when evaluated as a whole: A Principal Component Analysis of Mexicans' subjective well-begin.
Authors: Martinez-Sermeño Flor , Sheagren Powell , Garduno-Rivera Rafael 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
For decades, there has been consensus that measures of well-being must move past easily available economic data, and newer measurements of well-being are often obtained through individual questions or questionnaires. Despite being easier to compare person to person, recent trends have shown that the former singular global evaluations are held back by their propensity to be heavily influenced by the most recent, important or frequent event in a person's life, ignoring other aspects of life and differentiating what the survey is recording per respondent. Questionnaires, however, present a secondary problem of creating the same comparability that individual questions have. Most methods are laboriously hand-made or made questionnaire specific, which takes more work on a survey level. The present study proposes using a principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm to index subjective well-being from multidimensional data. To prove the validity of this method, we use data from the 2021 BIARE Mexican subjective well-being survey to construct an index with a PCA model of 37 variables related to different aspects of well-being. Dimensions related to Satisfaction in Life, Positive and Negative feelings are used to compute a single well-being value (Happiness Index) for each individual and a mean and variance for a State-level happiness estimation. This approach allows us to explore the importance of the different aspects of happiness that could be useful for policy interventions to maintain and improve Mexican well-being and shows a case study of the use of a PCA methodology which could be flexibly applied to many other data sources. Results show that the global evaluation of life satisfaction was generally higher than the Happiness Index. These results mean that, to Mexicans, life is more satisfying when evaluated globally as the aggregated satisfaction or feeling of each aspect of life.
JEL: E21; I31; J17; C38; N36.
Extension of the Spectral Difference method to premixed laminar and turbulent combustion
Authors: Marchal Thomas , Deniau Hugues , Boussuge Jean-François , Cuenot Bénédicte , Mercier Renaud 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A Spectral Difference (SD) algorithm on tensor-product elements which solves the reacting compressible Navier-Stokes equations is presented. The classical SD algorithm is shown to be unstable when a multi-species gas where thermodynamic properties depend on temperature and species mass fractions is considered. It is demonstrated that computing primitive variables from conservative variables at solution points and extrapolating them at flux points, rather than conservative variables, make the SD method stable for such case. In addition, a new methodology, more stable, for computing the diffusive fluxes at an interface is detailed. To allow the simulation of combustion, characteristic and wall boundary conditions for multi-species flows in the SD framework are introduced and the thickened flame turbulent combustion model is adapted to the SD context. Validation test cases from one-dimensional and two-dimensional laminar flames to a three-dimensional turbulent flame have been performed showing excellent agreement with each of the reference solutions. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time that a 3D turbulent flame is simulated using the SD method. The interest of employing a high-order method, such as the SD, in combustion is demonstrated: high values of the polynomial degree improve the quality of the results which advocates for the use of p-refinement when simulating reacting flows.
Identification of the key ferroptosis-related genes in the pathogenesis of thoracic aortic dissection and thoracic aortic aneurysm using integrated bioinformatic analysis and experimental verification
Authors: Wang Haiyue , Zhang Hongwei , Yang Peng , Lu Chen , Liu Yu , Zhang Yu , Xie Yi , Xu Zhenyuan , Hu Jia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) and thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) are interrelated diseases, but there is no evidence of a relationship between ferroptosis and the common pathogenesis of TAD and TAA. To investigate the potential target of inhibiting TAD/TAA, we identified the key ferroptosis-related genes in the pathogenesis of TAD/TAA through integrated bioinformatic analysis and experimental verification.
Results
A total of 263 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found between normal and TAD/TAA datasets. In the functional enrichment of DEGs, immune-related and inflammation-related pathways dominated. Moreover, eight key ferroptosis-related genes were identified and verified. Western blot and qRT-PCR results showed that HIF1A, SAT1, ARNTL and DDIT4 were significantly differentially expressed in normal and TAD/TAA aortic tissues. Finally, these key genes in vascular smooth muscle cells were validated in erastin-induced ferroptosis model and macrophage co-culture model. Our finding suggests these key ferroptosis-related genes were activated in the process of ferroptosis and participated in the regulation of ferroptosis during macrophage infiltration.
Conclusions
HIF1A, SAT1, ARNTL and DDIT4 were identified as key ferroptosis-related genes and play a central role in both TAA and TAD. These findings will provide us with new insight into the mechanisms of ferroptosis in TAD/TAA and suggest therapeutic targets to inhibit the progression of TAD/TAA.
The relationship between the use of metformin and the risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hu Jian , Fan Hong-Dan , Gong Jian-Ping , Mao Qing-Song 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
We aim to evaluate the relationship between the use of metformin and the risk of pancreatic cancer in type 2 diabetes patients.
Method
We systematically searched the observational studies on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, clinicalrials.gov, and CNKI databases, extracted relevant data, combined the OR value and 95% CI using the random effect model, and conducted a sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, and meta-regression to evaluate the size and stability of this relationship.
Result
Twenty-nine studies from twenty-four articles met our inclusion criteria, including more than 2 million subjects. Overall analysis showed that compared with no use of metformin, the use of metformin could reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes (OR = 0.82, 95% CI (0.69, 0.98)). Subgroup analysis showed that compared with the use of hypoglycemic drugs, the use of metformin could reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes (OR = 0.79, 95% CI (0.66, 0.94)). However, compared with no drugs or only diet therapy, metformin users might increase the risk of pancreatic cancer (OR = 2.19, 95% CI (1.08, 4.44)). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of the study, and there was no significant publication bias.
Conclusion
Compared with the no-use of metformin, metformin users with diabetes can reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer. This relationship seems to be more significant in people with other hypoglycemic drugs. However, more research is needed to prove it works.
Fetal NT-proBNP levels and their course in severe anemia during intrauterine treatment
Authors: Siebers Pauline , Gembruch Ulrich , Merz Waltraut Maria , Recker Florian , Müller Andreas , Strizek Brigitte , Geipel Annegret , Berg Christoph , Weber Eva Christin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In adults and fetuses, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is a marker of cardiac failure and myocardial remodelling. We examined the effect of anemia and intrauterine transfusion (IUT) on NT-proBNP concentrations in fetuses with anemia and established gestational age-dependent reference values of a control group.
Methods
We analyzed NT-proBNP levels in anemic fetuses that underwent serial intrauterine transfusions (IUT), focusing on different causes and severity of anemia and comparing the results to a non-anemic control group.
Results
In the control group, the average NT-proBNP concentration was 1339 ± 639 pg/ml, decreasing significantly with increasing gestational age (R=-74.04, T=-3.65, p=0.001). Subjects had significantly higher NT-proBNP concentrations before initiation of IUT therapy (p<0.001), showing fetuses with parvovirus B19 (PVB19) infection having the highest concentrations. Hydropic fetuses also showed an increased in NT-proBNP concentration compared to non-hydropic fetuses (p<0.001). During the course of therapy, NT-proBNP concentration before subsequent IUT decreased significantly from pathologically high levels, while MoM-Hb and MoM-MCA-PSV remained pathological.
Conclusion
NT-pro BNP levels in healthy fetuses are higher than in postnatal life, decreasing with ongoing pregnancy. Anemia is a hyperdynamic state and its severity correlates with circulating NT-proBNP levels. Highest concentrations occur in fetuses with hydrops and with PVB19 infection, respectively. Treatment by IUT leads to a normalisation of NT-proBNP concentrations, so the measurement of its levels may be useful in therapy monitoring.