bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FibROAD: a manually curated resource for multi-omics level evidence integration of fibrosis research
Authors: Sun Yu-Zhe , Hu Yong-Fei , Zhang Yan , Wei Shu-Yi , Yang Bei-Lei , Xu Ying-Ping , Rong Zhi-Li , Wang Dong , Yang Bin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Organ fibrosis represents a vital health threat that substantially contributes to yearly mortality rates. While a considerable amount of research has been conducted on fibrosis, these reports have only focused on specific organs as affected within distinct disorders. Accordingly, results from such studies have been unable to provide a comprehensive understanding of the pathological processes involved. Here, we describe the development of FibROAD, an open-access database that integrates evidence from fibrosis-associated disorders as obtained from both the literature and multi-omics data. This resource will greatly assist both researchers and clinicians in the comprehension and treatment of this condition. FibROAD currently involves an assembly of 232 strong evidence-based fibrosis-related genes (FRGs) as garnered from 909 PubMed publications and contains lists of multi-omics data from &gt; 4000 samples including RNA-seq, single-cell RNA-seq, miRNA-seq, ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq MeDIP-seq and MBD-seq as obtained from 17 different organs in 5 species. Results from integrative analyses as obtained using FibROAD have demonstrated that FRGs can be indicators for a wide range of organ fibrosis and reveal potential pro-fibrotic candidate genes for fibrosis research. In conclusion, FibROAD serves as a convenient platform where researchers can acquire integrated evidence and a more comprehensive understanding of fibrosis-related disorders.
Database URL https://www.fibroad.org
Complete embolization of a mechanical aortic valve during trail running—a case report with a lucky ending
Authors: Dalen Havard , Graven Torbjørn , Slagsvold Katrine H , Krogstad Lars Erik , Saxhaug Lars Mølgaard , Tannvik Tomas D , Holte Espen , Nordhaug Dag Ole , Karlsen Øystein , Thorstensen Anders , Wahba Alexander , Winnerkvist Anders M 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundComplete embolization of a prosthetic heart valve is extremely rare and dangerous. This case reports a total embolization of a mechanical aortic valve and contributes to the literature regarding the diagnostic challenges related to infective endocarditis and follow-up after valvular surgery.Case summaryA 28-year-old male 11.5 years status-post a mechanical aortic valve replacement presented with acute onset of chest pain and dyspnoea while jogging. The patient lost consciousness and went into cardiopulmonary arrest with acute pulmonary oedema and circulatory shock. An echocardiogram revealed an empty aortic annulus, and a chest radiograph showed an embolized valve in the aortic arch. The patient underwent emergent removal of the embolized valve and replacement with a new mechanical aortic valve. The patient survived with minimal sequelae. At a 3-month follow-up, he had resumed work, and the only sequelae were mild left ventricular dysfunction and minor vision loss. Although he experienced no warning signs or symptoms, the most likely aetiology for embolization of the valvular prosthesis was infective endocarditis, which was revealed by re-evaluation of an echocardiogram recorded 1 month before the presentation which demonstrated a subtle motion abnormality of the valve.ConclusionsWe present a case of a late complete embolization of a mechanical aortic valve most likely caused by asymptomatic infective endocarditis. The case illustrates the challenges in follow-up after valvular surgery and highlights the ultimate benefit of a well-functioning pre-hospital to hospital chain.
(In)visible and (Un)heard? Older Adults as Guests on COVID-Related Political Talk Shows in Germany
Authors: Myrczik Janina , Bowen Catherine , Franke Annette , Täuber Leonie , Kessler Eva-Marie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disproportionately affected older adults. Despite calls to include older people in societal decision making, the extent to which older adults have participated in the pandemic-related public debate is unknown. This study investigated older adults’ (65+ years) voice and visibility as guests on political talk shows as an important arena of public debate. Specifically, we examined how often older adults appeared as guests, their characteristics, and how older versus younger guests discussed the pandemic.

Research Design and Methods
Judges assessed all guests’ age, gender, migration experience, functional aids, and professional background on all episodes of the 4 most-watched political talk shows in Germany between January 1 to December 31, 2020 (N = 136 episodes, K = 754 guests). We used an exploratory sequential mixed-methods approach and frame analysis on all episodes featuring older guests (n = 37), to first identify how guests discussed the pandemic, and then assess differences in positions between older and younger guests (&lt;65 years).

Results
Older guests rarely appeared (12.2% of all guests, 9.6% of guests on COVID-related episodes) and if they did, they were majorly male, young-old, German-born professionals with no functional aids. Rather than appearing as “peer advocates” of older adults, older guests framed the pandemic similarly to younger guests, with a tendency to more strongly address disproportionate restrictions of civil liberties in society.

Discussion and Implications
Results suggest that one prominent part of German media failed to represent the diverse voice of a population most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Differences between how older and younger guests discussed the pandemic may reflect their privileged background in addition to generational differences in attitudes toward government. Future research in other social fora and of other social groups of older adults might facilitate understanding how older adults shaped the public debate on the COVID-19 pandemic.
Social Problem Solving in Survivors of Pediatric Brain Tumor
Authors: Gordon Mallorie L , Means Bethany , Jurbergs Niki , Conklin Heather M , Gajjar Amar , Willard Victoria W 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Psychosocial late effects among survivors of pediatric brain tumors are common. For school-aged survivors, social skills deficits and isolation present a particular challenge. Social problem-solving is a social skill that is an important determinant of social outcomes and may yield a potential target for intervention.

Methods
School-aged youth (N = 65) 8–12 years of age (10.59 ± 1.36 years; 55.4% female, 86.2% white) who were 5.23 (SD = 2.44, range 2–10.9) years post-treatment for a brain tumor completed the Attributions and Coping Questionnaire, a measure of social problem-solving that uses vignettes to assess attribution of intent, subsequent emotional response, and imagined behavioral response to an interpersonal problem. Youth also completed self-reports of social functioning (PROMIS Peer Relationships, Self-Perception Profile). A caregiver completed additional measures of child social functioning (NIH Toolbox—Emotion Measures).

Results
Survivors attributed unpleasant situations to accidental causes (neutral attribution) and responded in ways that prioritized the friendship (appeasement) or relied on adult intervention. Self-reported social functioning was higher among those who were less likely to avoid challenging social problem-solving situations.

Conclusions
Findings identified characteristic social problem-solving approaches among survivors, including a tendency to attribute ambiguous situations to accidental causes and to request adult assistance and/or maintain social relationships. This may indicate a possible avenue for intervention, with a focus on increasing survivors’ understanding of the causes of potentially negative peer interactions and reducing their reliance on adults.
Anorectal leiomyoma with GLUT1 overexpression mimicking malignancy on FDG-PET/CT
Authors: Teraishi Fuminori , Shigeyasu Kunitoshi , Kagawa Shunsuke , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A 43-year-old female underwent pelvic magnetic resonance imaging for uterine myoma that incidentally revealed a 4.6 × 2.8 cm soft tissue mass in the anorectal region. Rectal endoscopy showed a submucosal tumor just above the anal canal. Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) revealed an anorectal tumor with very high FDG uptake. Aspiration cytology and needle biopsy were inconclusive, and the patient underwent trans-perineal tumor resection. The excised tumor was a 4.6 × 3.5 × 2.7 cm gray–white bifurcated nodular tumor. Light microscopy revealed fenestrated growth of poorly dysmorphic short spindle-shaped cells with eosinophilic sporophytes. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for αSMA and desmin, negative for CD117 (KIT) and S100, and the patient was diagnosed with benign leiomyoma. Tumor cells were also positive for glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1) immunohistochemically. It is important to keep in mind that FDG-PET/CT may show false-positive results even in benign anal leiomyoma for various reasons, including GLUT1 overexpression.
Nitrate-dependent regulation of miR444-OsMADS27 signalling cascade controls root development in rice
Authors: Pachamuthu Kannan , Hari Sundar Vivek , Narjala Anushree , Singh Rahul R , Das Soumita , Avik Pal Harshith C Y , Shivaprasad Padubidri V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Nitrate is an important nutrient and a key signalling molecule for plant development. A number of transcription factors involved in the response to nitrate and their regulatory mechanisms have been identified. However, little is known about the transcription factors involved in nitrate sensing and their regulatory mechanisms among crop plants. In this study, we identified functions of a nitrate-responsive miR444:MADS-box transcription factor OsMADS27 module and its downstream targets mediating rice root growth and stress responses. Transgenic rice plants expressing miR444 target mimic improved rice root growth. Although miR444 has the potential to target multiple genes, we identified OsMADS27 as the major miR444 target that regulates the expression of nitrate transporters, as well as several key genes including expansins, and those associated with auxin signalling, to promote root growth. In agreement with this, overexpression of miRNA-resistant OsMADS27 improved root development and tolerance to abiotic stresses, while its silencing suppressed root growth. OsMADS27 mediated robust stress tolerance in plants through its ability to bind to the promoters of specific stress regulators, as observed in ChIP-seq analysis. Our results provide evidence of a nitrate-dependent miR444-OsMADS27 signalling cascade involved in the regulation of rice root growth, as well as its surprising role in stress responses.
The parameter-level performance of covariance matrix conditioning in cosmic microwave background data analyses
Authors: Balkenhol L , Reichardt C L 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Empirical estimates of the band power covariance matrix are commonly used in cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectrum analyses. While this approach easily captures correlations in the data, noise in the resulting covariance estimate can systematically bias the parameter fitting. Conditioning the estimated covariance matrix, by applying prior information on the shape of the eigenvectors, can reduce these biases and ensure the recovery of robust parameter constraints. In this work, we use simulations to benchmark the performance of four different conditioning schemes, motivated by contemporary CMB analyses. The simulated surveys measure the TT, TE, and EE power spectra over the angular multipole range 300 ≤ ℓ ≤ 3500 in Δℓ = 50 wide bins, for temperature map-noise levels of 10, 6.4, and $2\, \mu$K arcmin. We divide the survey data into Nreal = 30, 50, or 100 uniform subsets. We show the results of different conditioning schemes on the errors in the covariance estimate, and how these uncertainties on the covariance matrix propagate to the best-fitting parameters and parameter uncertainties. The most significant effect we find is an additional scatter in the best-fitting point, beyond what is expected from the data likelihood. For a minimal conditioning strategy, Nreal = 30, and a temperature map-noise level of 10$\, \mu$K arcmin, we find the uncertainty on the recovered best-fitting parameter to be ×1.3 larger than the apparent posterior width from the likelihood (×1.2 larger than the uncertainty when the true covariance is used). Stronger priors on the covariance matrix reduce the misestimation of parameter uncertainties to $\lt 1{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. As expected, empirical estimates perform better with higher Nreal, ameliorating the adverse effects on parameter constraints.
New ephemerides of outer planetary satellites
Authors: Emelyanov N V , Varfolomeev M I , Lainey V 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Ephemerides of planetary satellites require regular updates to take into account new observations of the satellites. Such revision has been all the more necessary in the case of outer planetary satellites, since a number of new moons have been discovered recently. Thus, we present updated versions of the ephemerides of the outer planetary satellites. The problem and the methodology for estimating ephemeris accuracy are discussed. Comparison with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) ephemerides proves that the accuracy depends largely on the distribution of the observations. We give examples where, for a few satellites, the O−C residuals increase sharply at time intervals lying significantly beyond the time interval of observations used to generate the ephemerides. This fact alone indicates that there is an urgent need for new observations. Besides the ephemerides of moons, which can be accessed online via the MULTI-SAT server, we provide orbital parameters for the recently discovered faint satellites of Jupiter and Saturn. The problems discussed in this work are important for planning space observations of the outer satellites by future space missions like the European Space Agency (ESA) JUpiter ICy moons Explorer (JUICE) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Europa Clipper missions.
A search for planetary companions around 800 pulsars from the Jodrell Bank pulsar timing programme
Authors: Niţu Iuliana C , Keith Michael J , Stappers Ben W , Lyne Andrew G , Mickaliger Mitchell B 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
We have searched for planetary companions around 800 pulsars monitored at the Jodrell Bank Observatory, with both circular and eccentric orbits of periods between 20 d and 17 yr and inclination-dependent planetary masses from 10−4 to $100\, \mathrm{M}_{\oplus }$. Using a Bayesian framework, we simultaneously model pulsar timing parameters and a stationary noise process with a power-law power spectral density. We put limits on the projected masses of any planetary companions, which reach as low as 1/100th of the mass of the Moon ($\sim 10^{-4}\, \mathrm{M}_{\oplus }$). We find that two-thirds of our pulsars are highly unlikely to host any companions above $2-8\, \mathrm{M}_{\oplus }$. Our results imply that fewer than $0.5{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of pulsars could host terrestrial planets as large as those known to orbit PSR B1257+12 ($\sim 4\, \mathrm{M}_{\oplus }$); however, the smaller planet in this system ($\sim 0.02\, \mathrm{M}_{\oplus }$) would be undetectable in $95{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of our sample, hidden by both instrumental and intrinsic noise processes, although it is not clear whether such tiny planets could exist in isolation. We detect significant periodicities in 15 pulsars; however, we find that intrinsic quasi-periodic magnetospheric effects can mimic the influence of a planet, and for the majority of these cases we believe this to be the origin of the detected periodicity. Notably, we find that the highly periodic oscillations in PSR B0144+59 are correlated with changes in the pulse profile and therefore can be attributed to magnetospheric effects. We believe the most plausible candidate for planetary companions in our sample is PSR J2007+3120.
Associations of Daily Versus Nondaily Smoking, Tobacco-Related Risk Perception, and Cancer Diagnosis Among Adults in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study
Authors: Land Stephanie R , Baker Laura , Bachand Jacqueline , Twesten Jenny , Kaufman Annette R , Reyes-Guzman Carolyn M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Nondaily smoking has become increasingly common among cigarette smokers. Our objective was to determine whether current daily versus nondaily smoking differed by tobacco-related risk perceptions (TRRPs), demographic factors, and cancer history.

Methods
Participants were all adults in Waves 1–3 of the longitudinal cohort Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study who were current smokers at Wave 3 (N = 8307). The primary analysis was weighted logistic regression of daily versus nondaily smoking at Wave 3. TRRP measures were cigarette harm perception, worry that tobacco products will damage one’s health, belief that smoking cigarettes causes [lung/bladder/mouth/liver] cancer, and nondaily cigarette harm perception (Likert-type scale). Other measures included demographic factors, other tobacco product use, minor at time of first cigarette, and cancer survivor status (yes/no).

Results
Among current smokers, daily versus nondaily smoking was significantly associated with being a minor at time of first cigarette (OR = 1.54, p &lt; .001), TRRPs (OR = 0.83, p &lt; .001; OR = 1.40, p &lt; .001; and OR = 1.17, p = .009 [harm perception, worry, and nondaily cigarette harm perception, respectively]), and interaction between cancer survivor status and belief that smoking causes cancer (p &lt; .001). TRRPs among current smokers did not differ significantly between cancer survivors and respondents without a cancer history.

Conclusions
Respondents with lower harm perception, higher worry, and higher nondaily cigarette harm perception were more likely to be daily versus nondaily smokers. Respondents with higher belief that smoking causes cancer or who were cancer survivors were less likely to be daily (versus nondaily) smokers compared to respondents with low belief and no cancer history.

Implications
This study is unique in that it examined associations of smoking cigarettes daily versus nondaily with tobacco-related risk perceptions and cancer survivorship—comparing cancer survivors to those without a cancer history. Given the increasing prevalence of nondaily smoking as compared with daily smoking in the general population, and the prognostic significance of smoking after cancer diagnosis, these findings fill a clinically important gap in the literature and provide a foundation for further research.
Beliefs and Characteristics Associated With Believing Nicotine Causes Cancer: A Descriptive Analysis to Inform Corrective Message Content and Priority Audiences
Authors: Weiger Caitlin , Moran Meghan Bridgid , Kennedy Ryan David , Limaye Rupali , Cohen Joanna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionMany cigarette smokers want to quit but have not. Switching to noncombustible products can reduce disease risk, but misperceptions that nicotine causes cancer might impact relative harm perceptions about noncombustible products and considering switching. Identifying which smokers are most likely to hold this misperception and associated beliefs can inform the content of and priority audiences for corrective messaging.MethodsBivariable log binomial models were run on a sample of 9,013 adult established smokers from Wave 3 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health. Post hoc testing identified groups and beliefs associated with significantly higher-than-average prevalence of the misperception.ResultsAbout 61.2% of smokers believe nicotine causes cancer or don’t know. Non-Hispanic Black (PR: 2.09) and Hispanic (PR: 1.73) smokers, as well as those making under $10,000 a year (PR: 1.36) had significantly higher-than-average prevalence of the misperception. Smokers who had recently used ENDS or smokeless tobacco had significantly lower-than-average prevalence of the misperception (PR: 0.70 and 0.63, respectively). Prevalence of nicotine misperceptions was significantly higher-than-average among those who recognized all ten smoking-caused diseases (PR: 1.34), believed additive-free cigarettes were more harmful than regular cigarettes (PR: 1.71), or did not report subjective norms supporting noncombustible use (PR: 1.05).ConclusionHigh perceived threat of tobacco may be overgeneralized to nicotine. High prevalence of the misperception among Non-Hispanic Black and low-income smokers is concerning, considering existing health disparities. Messaging should attempt to correct the misperception that nicotine causes cancer. Inferential reasoning after message exposure should assess accuracy of relative harm perceptions.ImplicationsThe current study supports the need for corrective messaging to address the misperception that nicotine causes cancer. Identifying that nicotine misperceptions are associated with higher harm perceptions about tobacco suggests that there may be unintended consequences of high perceived harm of tobacco that need to be addressed. As nicotine misperceptions are significantly more prevalent among those already at higher risk of tobacco caused diseases, care should be taken to ensure equity in message dissemination.
The Radical Civil Rights Movement: The Highlander Folk School and the Legacies of the Left in Cold War America
Authors: Slate Nico 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the spring of 1965, hundreds of billboards arose across the American South purporting to show Dr Martin Luther King Jr at a ‘Communist training school’. By tracing the history of that infamous image, this article examines how civil rights activists fought against racist propaganda, and argues that the legacies of the American Left remained vital to the civil rights movement despite Cold War repression. At the centre of this story is the Highlander Folk School, an integrated institution in the hills of Tennessee, at which the photo was taken. Highlander’s democratic approach to education created a space in which Leftist ideas and strategies could coalesce, a space that stood in sharp contrast to both the fantasy of a ‘Communist training school’ and the anti-communist segregationists who propagated that fantasy. Both in the content of its workshops and the manner in which they were organized, Highlander preserved the heritage of the American Left in ways that help to explain how many civil rights activists came to reject Communism and the Red Scare, to embrace civil liberties and economic justice, and to respect local traditions of African American resistance and expansive anti-colonial solidarities.