bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic Inequalities in Cancer Incidence: A Comparative Investigation Based on Population of Iranian Provinces
Authors: Ahadinezhad Bahman , Maleki Aisa , Amerzadeh Mohammad , Mohtashamzadeh Bahareh , Khosravizadeh Omid 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Cancer is the second important cause of death worldwide. Cancer is one of the top health priorities in Iran. We aimed to study the socio-economic inequality of cancer incidence in Iran provinces. Methods: We conducted this cross-sectional study using provincial data. We obtained the required data from the statistical yearbook report, the Statistics Center Report and the National Cancer Registration Program Report of Iran’s Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MoHME) for 2018. Socio-economic inequality of cancer incidence was analyzed by estimating the concentration index and extracting the concentration curve. Statistical analyzes were performed using STATA 14. Results: Our findings revealed that cancer incidence was unequally distributed in terms of the socio-economic status in Iranian provinces. Cancer incidence is slightly concentrated in the provinces with higher than average literacy, per capita income and insurance coverage and household size below average. The concentration of cancer incidence has been to the detriment of the provinces that have a slightly better ranking in terms of the socio-economic index. The employment rate did not significantly affect cancer's distribution burden.Conclusion: We recommend policymakers facilitate early cancer detection by providing insurance coverage for screening services, payment exemptions, and public awareness.
The impact of vegetables and durum wheat value chains to allivaite unemployment and migration in selected woredas of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.
Authors: Zewdie Amanuel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The study was to contribute creating evidence from the government and NGOs intervention experience for further supporting durum wheat and vegetable value chains players in strengthening, expanding and in creating jobs for vulnerable youth in the target areas. With the specific objectives of this research was identify elements of the intervention that shall be further promoted, adjusted or discontinued, identify a range of market-driven non-farm business and income generation opportunities for youth groups and cooperatives, within the durum wheat and vegetable value chains and across interconnecting markets and identify the COVID-19-related impact on youth and women in the target value chains. Sample size includes vegetable traders 123, for wheat trader 261 and for wheat and vegetable producers 384. Cross-tabulation, charts, figures, percentages, and graphs used along with narrative accounts to present the findings. Qualitative data collected via KII narrated and interpreted to supplement data obtained through questionnaire. Wheat processing private companies in the study areas has been creating job opportunities for a number of unemployed youths. The majority of the durum wheat producers 90 (35.86%) and 62 (35.06%) in the study areas were supplied their product to whole seller and local collectors. Both wheat and vegetable target producers were asked about the possible impact of the current pandemic Covid-19 on their farm production. Creating strong linkages among different actors and/ sectors in the value chain for developments of both durum wheat and vegetable value chain developments and through creating job for youth and stemming irregular migration is crucial recommended.
Neutralizing Type I Interferon Autoantibodies in Japanese Patients With Severe COVID-19
Authors: Eto Shohei , Nukui Yoko , Tsumura Miyuki , Nakagama Yu , Kashimada Kenichi , Mizoguchi Yoko , Utsumi Takanori , Taniguchi Maki , Sakura Fumiaki , Noma Kosuke , Yoshida Yusuke , Ohshimo Shinichiro , Nagashima Shintaro , Okamoto Keisuke , Endo Akifumi , Imai Kohsuke , Kanegane Hirokazu , Ohnishi Hidenori , Hirata Shintaro , Sugiyama Eiji , Shime Nobuaki , Ito Masanori , Ohge Hiroki , Kido Yasutoshi , Bastard Paul , Casanova Jean-Laurent , Tanaka Junko , Morio Tomohiro , Okada Satoshi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
PurposeAutoantibodies (aAbs) to type I interferons (IFNs) have been found in <1% of individuals under the age of 60 in the general population, with the prevalence increasing among those over 65. Neutralizing autoantibodies (naAbs) to type I IFNs have been found in at least 15% of patients with life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia in several cohorts of primarily European descent. We aimed to define the prevalence of aAbs to IFN-α2 in 3,456 Japanese controls aged 20–91 and of aAbs and naAbs to IFN-α2 and IFN-ω in 627 Japanese COVID-19 patients aged 0–104, among whom were 170 critical, 235 severe, 112 moderate, 105 mild, and 5 asymptomatic infections.MethodsELISA and ISRE reporter assays were used to detect aAbs and naAbs using E. coli-produced IFNs.ResultsIn an uninfected general Japanese population aged 20–91, we found aAbs in 0.087% of individuals. naAbs to type I IFNs (IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω, 100 pg/mL) were detected in 10.6% of patients with critical infections, 2.6% of patients with severe infections, and ≤1% of patients with asymptomatic to mild infections. They were higher in COVID-19 patients over 50 (5.8%) than in younger patients (0%) and higher in men (5.5%) than in women (1.1%). A significant but not strong correlation between aAbs and naAbs to IFN-α2 existed (r=-0.307, p-value<0.0001), stressing the importance of measuring naAbs.ConclusionIn the largest study focusing on a single ethnic and geographic group, we show that Japanese individuals with pre-existing naAbs have a much higher risk of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia.
Assessments of Morbid Soreness Symptoms in Fibromyalgia Help With Phenotype Classification and Predicting Therapeutic Responses: Prospective Observational Analysis
Authors: Hung Chih-Hsien , Tsai Ming-Hsien , Wang Po-Sheng , Liang Fu-Wen , Lee Kuo-Wei , Fong Yi-On , Han Der-Sheng , Lee Cheng-Han , Lai Chiou-Lian , Chen Chih-Cheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Muscle soreness occurs after exercise and also under morbid conditions, such as fibromyalgia (FM). However, how the morbid soreness manifests in FM and how it affects the disease remain unknown. Also, whether the non-exertional soreness in FM differs from exercise-induced soreness phenotypically is unclear.Methods: Fifty-one newly diagnosed FM patients from 166 consecutive cases of chronic musculoskeletal pain and 41 healthy controls were prospectively recruited. Musculoskeletal symptoms and metabolomics data were analyzed before the initiation of pharmacotherapy. Clinical manifestations and therapeutic responses were recorded with a follow-up of 4 weeks. Results: Soreness complaints were common in FM (92.2%). Soreness had clinical impacts different from pain, and affected stiffness and restless conditions. In terms of manifestations and metabolomic features, phenotypes diverged between cases with prominent soreness (FM-PS) and those without symptoms (FM-P). Conventional treatment did not ameliorate soreness severity despite its efficacy on pain. Moreover, despite the salient therapeutic efficacy on pain relief, current treatment did not improve the general disease severity in FM-PS versus FM-P. Metabolomics analyses suggested oxidative metabolism dysregulation in FM. Also, high malondialdehyde level indicated excessive oxidative stress in FM individuals (p=0.008). Contrary to exercise-induced soreness, lactate levels were significantly lower in FM individuals than controls, especially in FM-PS. Moreover, FM-PS cases exclusively featured increased malondialdehyde level (p=0.008) and its correlation with soreness intensity (r=0.337, p=0.086). Conclusion: Morbid soreness symptoms were prevalent in FM, with presentation distinct from exercise-induced soreness. Assessments of non-exertional soreness in FM may provide valid approaches for phenotype classification and therapeutic prediction.
Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Anal Adenocarcinoma: A Nomogram Development Based on SEER Database and Validation in Real- World Study
Authors: Zhou Yu-Wen , Wei Gui-Xia , Tang Lian-Sha , Wang Jia-Ling , Qiu Meng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to comprehensively understand anal canal adenocarcinomas (AA) and develop a nomogram for prognostic prediction of AA.Methods: Data were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database (year 2004-2015). And real-world data was collected from West China Hospital (WCH) databases. Propensity-score matching (PSM) was performed to balance the demographic characteristic. A novel nomogram was developed to estimate individual survival probability and its performance was validated using the concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, and decision curve analyses (DCA). Results: A total of 28,282 patients were enrolled including 749 AA patients and 7,152 squamous cell carcinomas of the anal canal (ASCC) patients. Before PSM, patients with AA had a shorter cancer specific survival (CSS) and OS than those with ASCC. However, after PSM, patients with AA were related to a favorable OS (p <0.001), but a comparable CSS (p =0.140) to those with ASCC. Age, sex, grade, surgery, and M stage were the independent prognostic factors of CSS for AA and were included in the establishment of novel nomogram. Patients from WCH database (n= 112) were used as external validation cohort. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.78 and 0.735 in internal and external validation, respectively, which suggested the good discrimination power of the model. Furthermore, calibration curves and DCA suggested good agreement between the predicted and actual survival. Lastly, a risk classification system based on nomogram revealed the reliability of the novel model.Conclusion: AA and ASCC had distinct clinical features. AA was associated with a better prognosis than ASCC after PSM. The model of nomogram showed an accurate predictive ability for prognostic factors of AA patients.
Maximum Apparent Temperature Lowers Birth Weight And Increase Hazards Of Preterm Birth In A Constant High Ambient Temperature Exposed Population In Piura, Peru
Authors: Fano-Sizgorich Diego , Vásquez-Velásquez Cinthya , Vásquez Vanessa , Tapia Vilma , Chauca José , Sernaqué Víctor , Gonzales Gustavo F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Exposure to high environmental temperature during pregnancy has been associated with lower birth weight, and an increased risk of preterm birth (PTB). The province of Piura is a region with a higher environmental temperature than the rest of the country; however, it is unknown how temperature would be impacting reproductive health in populations exposed to high basal temperatures.Objective: To determine the association between maximum apparent temperature (HImax) during pregnancy with birth weight and preterm birth in newborns in the province of Piura, 2011-2016.Methods: Semi-ecological study, where maternal-perinatal data from Santa Rosa Hospital (N=17,788); and maximum apparent temperature data were evaluated. Four exposure windows were analyzed: the entire pregnancy, and each gestational trimester, which were assigned according to date of birth and gestational age, categorized into quartiles. The association with birth weight was assessed by linear regression; and Cox regression for PTB.Results: A negative association was found between birth weight and HImax in all exposure windows, except for the first trimester, the effect being greater during the third trimester. As for preterm birth, higher HImax increased the hazard of PTB, with the highest effect seen in the P95 exposed group in every exposure window; nonetheless, the first and second trimester being the most temperature-sensitive exposure windows.Conclusion: HImax during pregnancy is related to lower birth weight and higher PTB hazards, but with different susceptibility according to the stage of pregnancy.
The Risk Factors of Low Anterior Resection Syndrome After Colorectal Cancer Surgery Compared with the Last Decade Studies
Authors: Ri HyokJu , Xu ZhaoHui , Kim GunHyok , Ren YanYing , Qu Hui , Gong ZeZhong , AMADOU BOUREIMA HAMIDOU , Chen Xin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to identify the independent risk factors compared with the last decade studies in the low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) after surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC).
Method
This was a cross-sectional, single-institution study in the Second Affiliation Hospital of Dalian Medical University, China. Patients underwent sphincter-preserving low anterior resection with total or partial mesorectal resection (with or without protective ileostomy) and completed a self-filled questionnaire over the phone to assess postoperative bowel dysfunction from January 2017 to December 2019. The predictors of LAR were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses, and compared with the last decade studies.
Result
The study population was 566 patients, 264 (46.64%), 224 (39.58%), and 78 (13.78%) patients with no, minor, and major LARS, respectively. In the univariate analysis, independent factors such as tumor location and size, anastomotic height, protective ileostomy, post-operation chemoradiotherapy, tumor T stage, lymphatic nodal metastasis classification, surgery duration, and time interval for closure of stoma were significantly associated with LARS points while we found the tumor T stage and lymphatic nodal metastasis classification as the new independent risk factors compared with the last decade studies. in the multivariate analysis, factors such as low and middle tumor location and protective ileostomy, and post operation treatment, nodal metastasis classification were the independent risk factors for major LARS.
Conclusion
The new independence risk factors were tumor T stage and lymphatic nodal metastasis status in univariate analysis in our study, with anastomotic height, low and middle tumor location, protective ileostomy, post-operation chemoradiotherapy, nodal metastasis status increasing LARS point in multivariate analysis after surgery for CRC.
Identification of tumor antigens and immune subtypes of bladder cancer for mRNA vaccine development
Authors: Luo Yongwen , Cao Rui , Chen Zhenghao , Ma Bo , Wang Gang , Tian Ye 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Bladder cancer (BLCA) is a common malignancy from urinary tract. Although the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer has made great progress in the past few decades, the effects of existing treatment methods are still limited. Therefore, it is still necessary to develop new methods to assist in the disease management and treatment. Tumor antigens are tumor-specific surface molecules and are generally considered to be the main components of a typical cancer vaccine, which could initiate and active immune cells to recognize and eliminate cancer cells. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, mRNA vaccines have re-entered people's vision. Methods: The genomic and clinical data of 411 BLCA and 19 normal tissues were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GSE13507 cohorts. Differential expression genes and mutation analysis were performed to screen out potential antigens, Kaplan-Meier curves were carried out to investigate the correlation between the level of potential antigens and OS of patients. Immuno-phenotyping of 411 tumor samples was based on the single-sample gene sets enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). The tumor immune microenvironment characteristics was explored in each immune subtype. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to clusterimmune-related genes and screen the hub genes, and pathway enrichment analyses were performed on the hub modules related to immune subtypes in the WGCNA.Results: Through genetic and transcriptional analysis on TCGA and GSE13507 datasets, we have identified 6 genes as potential candidate genes for BLCA specific tumor antigens. We also identified 3 immune subtypes of BLCA, which displayed distinct clinical, molecular and immune-related characteristics. In addition, we have constructed immune landscape to identify the immune cell components of each BLCA patient, which could predict clinical outcome of the patients, and assist in the development of personalized mRNA vaccines. Conclusions: our findings indicated that 6 genes such as PTPN6 may be potential tumor antigens, and provide a reliable reference for the further development and management of cancer vaccines.
Case Report Of Peri-Lead Edema Leading To Seizure After Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery And Literature Review
Authors: Li Tao , Wang Xiaoxi , Song Chunli , Liu Wei , Ren Lu , Pu Lanlan , Liang Zhanhua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has become a frequently performed surgery in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). It is not free of surgical complications and a mysterious one is cerebral sterile peri-lead edema. Herein, we report on a case of a PD patient with symptomatic peri-lead edema presenting with seizures after surgery and recovered completely after conservative therapy. Case presentation: A 68-year-old female, with an 8-year history of rigidity-dominant Parkinson’s disease. After an all-around previous evaluation by neurologists, she was referred for bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS surgery. There were no intraoperative complications. Two days after discharge (postoperative day six) she presented to the emergency department with a new onset of seizures. A subsequent 1.5 T MRI of the brain under stimulation off state showed obvious bilateral vasogenic edema extending from STN targets to cortex. Initiated corticosteroids (intravenous dexamethasone 10 mg per day) with a remarkable completely infectious workup. Levetiracetam (500 mg p.o. bid) was given for seizure prophylaxis. The follow-up brain 1.5T MRI imaging (postoperative day thirty-six) revealed that the edema has improved. At the patient’s latest follow-up visit, 12 months after initial lead placement, she demonstrated expected improvement in bradykinesia, gait, and rigidity with a significant reduction in dyskinesia and medication requirement and no evidence of cognitive or memory impairment.Conclusions: Symptomatic peri-lead edema is no more a relatively rare side effect of DBS surgery. A correct diagnosis can avoid futile and costly procedures such as system removal and antibiotic prescriptions. Eventually the outcome was good in most cases.
Denosumab for prevention of immobilization-induced alterations of bone turnover in patients admitted to a neurosurgical intensive care unit: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kerschan-Schindl Katharina , Wadiura Lisa , Butylina Maria , Reinprecht Andrea , Aretin Marie-Bernadette , Mischkulnig mario , Gleiss Andreas , Pietschmann Peter 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Metabolic bone disease is a devastating condition in critically ill patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). We investigated the effects of the antiresorptive drug denosumab on bone metabolism in previously healthy patients. Methods: Fourteen patients with severe intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage were included in a phase 2 trial. Within 72 hours after ICU admission, they were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive denosumab 60 mg or placebo subcutaneously. The primary endpoint was group differences in the percentage change of C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX-1) levels in serum from denosumab/placebo application to four weeks thereafter. Changes in serum levels of bone formation markers and urinary calcium excretion were secondary outcome parameters. Results: Regarding serum levels of CTX-1, changes over time averaged -0.45 ng/ml (95%CI: -0.72, -0.18) for the denosumab group and +0.29 ng/ml (95%CI: -0.01, +0.58) for the placebo group. The primary endpoint, the group difference in changes between baseline and secondary measurement, adjusted for baseline serum levels and baseline neurological status, averaged -0.74 ng/ml (95%CI: -1.14, -0.34; p=0.002). The group difference in changes between baseline and secondary osteocalcin measurement averaged -5.60 ng/ml (95%CI: -11.2, -0.04; p=0.049). The group difference in averaged change between baseline and secondary measurement of 24-hour urine calcium excretion was significant (-1.77 mmol/l (95%CI: -3.48; -0.06; p=0.044). No adverse events could be attributed to the study medication. Conclusion: The investigation proved that a single application of denosumab early after admission to an ICU prevents any immobilization-associated increase in bone resorption among previously healthy individuals.
An Analysis on IoT Forensics: As a Use Case Amazon Echo System
Authors: Francis Antino 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We determine the identity of the Internet of things (IoT) such as sensors or anything that has a connection such as a router and the preservation of evidence needs to obtain evidence from its owners and after that, we have an analysis phase in which some forensic tools are used The FTK computer is used in the electronic discovery process and finally, it presents the investigators to obtain the results and reasons, Its importance is considered to be special for dialogue and scenario within the process, because the Internet of things(IoT) systems contain different settings, for example, forensic things in Amazon.
How to Identify Tsunami Prevention Zones: A Case Study of Putuoshan Island in China
Authors: Hou Jingming , Wang Juncheng , Wang Peitao , Ren Zhiyuan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Tsunamis can cause massive damage and loss of life in coastal areas. This study uses Putuoshan Island as a case study to discuss ways to identify tsunami prevention zones based on the analysis of physical factors such as inundation, maximum wave amplitude, and tsunami flow. The tsunami prevention zones of Putuoshan Island consist of land areas and marine areas. Our analysis identified two inundation areas in the western and southern Putuoshan Island as tsunami prevention zones. In the coastal waters, the maximum velocity of the tsunami flow is 8.3 m/s. With the exception of the western waters, the coastal waters of Putuoshan Island are also identified as tsunami prevention zones. The tsunami flow impact is greater in the waters of north and south Putuoshan Island. The results of this study could be used by emergency departments to take protective measures and thus to prevent the disastrous effects of tsunamis.