bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of 1918 influenza pandemic on mental asylums in India
Authors: Deep Raman , Ganesh Ragul 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
Not much is known about impact of 1918 Influenza on patients confined inside mental asylums of that period.

Aim and Methods:
The study aimed to assess impact of Influenza pandemic on mentally ill patients in asylums, based on data extracted from provincial asylum reports (1915–1923) from British India.

Results:
The asylum population in most provinces was impacted both in terms of direct mortality (1918) as well as all-cause morbidity and mortality (1918; 1918–1920). Agra and Oudh lost 9.5% of average daily asylum strength directly due to influenza in 1918. All-cause mortality (1918) was highest for mental asylum/s in provinces of Agra and Oudh (16.83%), Punjab (14.83%), and Bombay (14.4%). Isolated outbreaks continued till 1923. Another peculiar finding was markedly reduced sickness and death rates in 1921–1923 compared to 1915–1917, across asylums of all provinces.

Conclusion:
Findings point to a significant impact of Influenza pandemic in mental asylums across several provinces, and provide historical insights with implications for the current pandemic.
Epidemiology of common mental disorders
Authors: Jayasankar Pavithra , Manjunatha Narayana , Rao Girish N. , Gururaj Gopalkrishna , Varghese Mathew , Benegal Vivek 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Despite their higher prevalence, the Common Mental Disorders (CMDs) are under-recognized and under-treated resulting in huge disability. India, home to one-fifth of the global population, could offer insights for organizing better services for CMDs. However, the prevalence and resultant disability in the general population is unknown, and consequently, gaps in management or plan for services are enormous, by default overlooked.

Aim:
Estimating the current prevalence, disability, socioeconomic impact, and treatment gap of CMDs in a nationally representative sample from India. We attempt to identify the missed opportunities and list priorities for planning.

Methodology:
The National Mental Health Survey of India (2016) is a multisite nationwide household survey conducted across India using a uniform methodology. Overall, 39,532 adults were surveyed with a response rate of 88%. Diagnoses are based on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 6.0.0. CMDs for this analysis include depressive and anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, agoraphobia, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder).

Results:
The weighted prevalence of current CMDs was 5·1% (95% CI: 5.06–5.13). Prevalence was highest in females, among the 40–59 years of age group, and in metros. Nearly 60% of them reported disabilities of varying severity. The treatment gap was 80·4%. On average, patients and their families spent

JOURNAL/ijopsy/04.03/01363795-202264010-00003/math_3MM1/v/2022-10-03T182620Z/r/image-tiff

1500/month towards the treatment of CMDs.

Conclusions:
This survey gives valuable insights regarding the disability and treatment gap due to CMDs and is imperative for reframing mental health policies and planning interventions. This study also suggests an international investigation to understand the difference in the prevalence of CMDs in developing versus developed countries.
Site-Specific Bacteriology of Tropic Ulcers and their Antibiotic Sensitivity
Authors: Mishra Sudhir Ramkishore , Mishra Snigdha , Yadav Ganesh , Kumar Dileep , Gupta A. K. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
The trophic ulcers are usually presented in the form of diabetic ulcer, leprotic ulcer, and pressure ulcer. The usual site for ulceration in trophic ulcer is the bony prominence on body part devoid of sensation. The chronic wounds management in health-care setting have significant impact on the patient's physical, mental, and financial health. In trophic ulcer management factors such as cause of ulcer, its location, size, and duration should be considered. Infection in such trophic ulcer leads to increase disease activity results delayed wound healing. Thus, a study was designed with aim to find relation between location of trophic ulcer and its infection status.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective cross-sectional study includes 95 patients with infected trophic ulcers admitted between January 2015 and March 2020 from our tertiary care rehabilitation center. Cultured bacterial species were tested against following 23 drugs Amikacin, Gentamycin, Levofloxacin Ciprofloxacine, Piperacillin + Tazobactum, Ceftriaxone, Cefepime, Meropenem, Imipenem, Ampicillin, Ceftazidime, Amoxiclav, Cotrimoxazole, Cefotaxime, Erythromycin, Clindamycin, Tetracycline, Cefoxitin, Chloramphenicol, Colistin, Tobramycin, Vancomycin, and Aztreonam.

Results:
The common sites of trophic ulcer involvement were sacrum (32%), heel (29%), forefoot (17%), ischium (12%), knee (6%), and greater trochanter (4%). Eight different bacterial species were isolated, which were Staphylococcus aureus (26%), Enterococcus (9%) and six Gram-negative bacteria, which were Pseudomonas (24%), Proteus (17%), Klebsiella (11%), E. coli (7%), Enterobacter (3%), and Acinetobacter Baumani (3%). S. aureus was found most susceptible to Vancomycin (16%), followed by Amikacin (14%) and full resistant to ampicillin, tobramycin, and Aztreonam. Pseudomonas was found most susceptible to Meropenem (13%), followed by Amikacin (12%) and full resistant to Cotrimoxazole, Erythromycin, Clindamycin, Cefoxitin, Chloramphenicol, and Vancomycin. Overall, Amikacin followed by Meropenem was found susceptible against 56% and 52% of cases, respectively.

Conclusion:
The infected trophic ulcers which require either medical or surgical treatment, in both these situations antibiotics play vital role, thus, to avoid the development of antibiotics resistant, two drug regimens should be followed either by adding Amikacin or Meropenem to the primary single drug regime.
Denoised video with Specially Programmable Intelligent Bot
Authors: Parlewar Pallavi , Kumar Siddhant 
Published: January 2022

The modern cardinal rebellion led robots to become common in many areas such as military, medicine, agriculture, various industry etc. for surveillance or improve the quality. Robots are specially used for safety and security of human being. This enhances the quality of human life. Surveillance can also save life of the people or protect them from serious injuries. Intentional crime can be caught with the help of surveillance. This project propose Specially Programmable Intelligent Bot (SPiBot) robot is connected to the local network and takes commands from a computer on network. This can be done using SSH or Anydesk. The raspberry pi streams the feed from the camera to the local network using a command which starts the stream using the VLC media player’s in built network streaming functionality. The user can open the stream on any computer on the local network. The video is denoised using Ridgelet Transform
Incorporación de historietas en el aprendizaje del inglés básico en el Centro de Idiomas, Universidad Nacional Santiago Antúnez De Mayolo
Authors: Huerta Rosales Simeón Moisés , Ortega Villadeza Neyba 
Published: January 2022

El presente estudio fue desarrollado con el propósito de conocer los resultados de la incorporación de las historietas en la estrategia de aprendizaje del inglés en los estudiantes del Centro de Idiomas de la Universidad Nacional Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo (UNASAM) con sede en la ciudad de Huaraz, región Áncash. Se empleó como metodología el tipo de estudio causal explicativo con diseño cuasi experimental en dos grupos no equivalentes; como prueba de hipótesis se aplicó la T de Student para muestras relacionadas con la finalidad de verificar la eficacia de la nueva estrategia. Los resultados permitieron demostrar que los estudiantes aprenden mejor el inglés cuando utilizan las historietas, a diferencia de quienes no las utilizan. Se concluyó que el empleo de las historietas influye de manera significativa en la ampliación del vocabulario de los estudiantes, al expresarse con mayor claridad y precisión conceptual al momento de dialogar, mejorando su expresión oral en el inglés.
Rule Formation Application based on C4.5 Algorithm for Household Electricity Usage Prediction
Authors: Tempola Firman , Muhammad Miftah , Maswara Abdul Kadir , Rosihan Rosihan 
Published: January 2022

Electrical energy is one of the essential energies for the world due to the fast growth of the world population and houses. In Indonesia, 95 % of the energy used in the household in 2017 is electrical energy. Therefore, reducing the use of electricity in the household is crucial. In the past decades, customers have carried out several approaches to reduce the use of their electricity. One of the widely used methodologies is the EMS. However, the PDCA model has not been implemented in electricity consumption. Subsequently, this study applies such an approach focusing more on the planning stage and is implemented in Ternate City, North Maluku, Indonesia. The C4.5 algorithm is applied at the planning stage to form a rule in predicting household electricity consumption. Moreover, the system performance is tested using the confusion matrix. The data of electricity consumption is collected and the data is treated with a varying amount depending on the number of the training data applied. The results of the system performance test by applying the confusion matrix are 76.22, 90.3, and 74.4 % for the highest accuracy value, precision, recall, respectively with the number of rules formed by 14.
HIGHLIGHTS

The need for electrical energy in Indonesia continues to increase, especially the use of household electricity
To reduce the consumption of electrical energy, a plan-do-check-act model is used. The research focuses on the plan stage by applying the C4.5 algorithm
The highest system accuracy is 73.33 % with 14 rules formed

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Pengaruh Hubungan Antar Manusia dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Etos Kerja Karyawan pada Dealer Sepeda Motor Honda Armada Tunas Jaya Palangka Raya
Authors: Risnawati  , Lenin Agau , Tunjang Hansly 
Published: January 2022

Tujuan, - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh hubungan antar manusia dan lingkungan kerja terhadap etos kerja karyawan Pada Dealer Sepeda Motor Honda Armada Tunas Jaya Palangka Raya.
Desain/Methodologi/Pendekatan - Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan Dealer Sepeda Motor Honda Armada Tunas Jaya Palangka Raya yang berjumlah 30 orang dengan teknik sensus.
Temuan penelitian - Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antar manusia berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap etos kerja karyawan, lingkungan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap etos kerja karyawan dan secara simultan hubungan antar manusia dan lingkungan kerja bepengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap etos kerja karyawan.
7-Influence of school socialization styles on student's self esteem at secondary school level
Authors: E Ain Mrs Noor , Hina Dr Qurat-ul-Ain 
Published: January 2022

The study’s major objectives were to explore the major prevailing socialization styles of the Secondary schools, to explore the levels of self-esteem of Secondary school’s students and to assess the effect of socialization styles on self-esteem. This study was delimited to the class 10th students of the secondary Schools working under Federal Directorate of Education Islamabad. Conceptual framework was designed by taking theory of school socialization styles (Pellerin, 2005) was and theory of self-esteem (Dharsini & Jeebaseelan, 2017). There were two variables in the study. (a) School socialization styles (b) Self-esteem. School socialization style was treated as independent variable whereas students’ self-esteem were dependent variables. All the students of 10th class of the schools working in six sectors of Islamabad capital territory under the umbrella of Federal Directorate of Education Islamabad, which constitute number of 12810 ( Boys 5231, Girls 7579) were considered as the population of the study. 10 % of the total numbers of students that is 12810 students of the secondary schools working under Federal Directorate of Education were further selected as sample of the investigation. Proportionate random sampling technique was used. 10 % boys i.e. 524 boys and 10% of the girls i.e. 758 were proportionately selected as sample for the study. Self-developed scale based on the parameters given by Pellerin, (2005) was used to assess school socialization style. self-esteem test used by Dharsini and Jeebaseelan (2017) was adapted. Data was collected by the researcher personally. Research Findings showed that there are significant effects of school socialization styles on secondary school students’ self-esteem at secondary school level. Demandingness was found the most prevailing style of school socialization. It was revealed from data analysis that majority of the students are at the medium level of self-esteem.
Analisis Pendapatan dan Kelayakan Hasil Usahatani Padi Sawah di Desa Mrentul Kecamatan Bonorowo Kabupaten Kebumen
Authors: Rahmat Joko Nugroho  , Indra Nur Ramadhan  
Published: January 2022

Abstrak
Desa Mrentul merupakan salah satu Desa di Kecamatan Bonorowo Kabupaten Kebumen yang memiliki luas lahan sawah paling luas diantara Desa-Desa lain di Kecamatan Bonorowo. Luasnya lahan dan besarnya jumlah produksi padi sawah di Desa Mrentul tidak cukup menjamin pendapatan yang diperoleh petani juga tinggi.Oleh sebab itu diperlukan suatu penelitian yang menganalisis pendapatan dan kelayakan usahatani padi sawah di Desa Mrentul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya pendapatan dan kelayakan usahatani padi sawah yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei hingga bulan Agustus 2020. Penentuan lokasi dilakukan secara sengaja ( purposive) dengan pertimbangan bahwa Desa Mrentul merupakan daerah penghasil padi sawah paling tinggi di Kecamatan Bonorowo dibanding dengan desa-desa lainnya, dengan produktivitas sebesar 2,9 ton/ha.Penentuan responden dilakukan dengan metode sampel acak sederhana ( Simple Random Sampling ). Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 30 responden KK petani dari 419 KK petani yang mengusahakan padi sawah.Analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis pendapatan ( dan kelayakan.Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata pendapatan petani padi sawah untuk satu kali musim tanam di Desa Mrentul Kecamatan Bonorowo Kabupaten Kebumen sebesar Rp 4.093.048/Ha.Hasil analisis menunjukkan Revenue Cost Ratio usahatani padi sawah sebesar 1,4 atau R/C > 1.Dengan demikian, usahatani padi sawah di Desa Mrentul layak untuk diusahakan.
Kata kunci: Pendapatan, Padi Sawah, Kelayakan
Abstract
Mrentul village is one of village those are on Bonorowo district that have largest rice field than the other village in Bonorowo district. Largest field and outgrows f rice in Mrentul village that acquired haven’t secured height income that accepted by the farmers. The research needed to aim and analyze income and expedience farming of rice pant in Mrentul village and was conducted at May until August 2020. The location was done bay purposive which consideration that Mrentul village is one of highest production area with productivity 2,9 ton/ha. Respondent determination to be done by simple random sampling method (Simple Random sampling). Sample was took as many as 30 KK respondent of farmer from 419 KK farmers. The analysis that used in this research is analysis income ( and expedience (a). The result of analysis showed that average income rice plant of farmers to once inplant at Mrentul village Bonorowo district Kebumen regency about Rp 4.093.048/ha. Result of analysis show revenue rice field farm obtained equal to 1,4 or R/C > 1 thereby rice filed farm in Mrentul village competent to be labored.
Key word: Earning,Ekspedience, Rice Field
Importance of the History of Urdu Literature
Authors: Naseem Shazia 
Published: January 2022

تواریخ ادبیات اُردو کا فروغِ ادب میں کردار
History is political, cultural or literary, is a social and social study. History writers have a great significance. If they are not unbelievable or not aware, then there are many misconceptions in the future. Therefore, history writers should always be obscurely, self-confident and powerful. The history and research capabilities of the writer in history are estimated. If a historian is not a researcher, then he is unable to present the truth. Similarly, a history trader does not have critical ability, he can try to review the facts. The historian not only parses events, but also offers a unique map of culture and culture. History of literature is especially described by culture and culture. History of the History of Urdu, it is known that historian literature is an important role in the promotion of Urdu. If the dates are removed, the understanding of literary literature will be impossible, that is why historians also play an important role promoting literature.
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cholesterol: The Lesser-known Links
Authors: Kumbhare Anshool , Bakshi Sanket , Agrawal Aman , Bakre Anand 
Published: January 2022

Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease refers to a group of hepatic histological abnormalities that ranges from noninflammatory intra-cellular lipid collection to NASH develop, fibrosis, or hepato-cellular carcinoma, which results from a mismatch between lipid supply and lipid clearance, is a characteristic of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Recent buildup aetiology. Hepatic FC build up in Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is caused by changes in intracellular cholesterol transport as well as a poorly balanced cellular cholesterol equilibrium characterized by an increased, and amplification of routes. With the induction of intra-cellular signalling pathway in stellate cells, Kupffer cells, including hepatocyte, FC build up causes liver damage. Inflammation and fibrogenesis are aided by the activation of Kupffer cells and stellate cells.. These episodes feed a never-ending cycle, which helps in forming steatosis while also promoting liver cells mortality, and hepatic injury, that can lead to disease progression. In this review, we highlight what we know about NAFLD's dysfunctional cholesterol homeostasis and look at the liver pathophysiologies and how they contribute to the disease's continuous liver injury. This knowledge's treatment implications are also highlighted. Inflammation and fibrogenesis are aided by the activation of KCs and HSCs. Furthermore, FC buildup in liver mitochondria causes mitochondrial malfunction, which leads to an increase in reactive oxygen species generation, as well as the unsettled response of proteins in the ER (endoplasmic reticulum), which leads to endoplasmic reticulum death.
Clinical validation of an automatic atlas‐based segmentation tool for male pelvis CT images
Authors: Casati Marta , Piffer Stefano , Calusi Silvia , Marrazzo Livia , Simontacchi Gabriele , Di Cataldo Vanessa , Greto Daniela , Desideri Isacco , Vernaleone Marco , Francolini Giulio , Livi Lorenzo , Pallotta Stefania 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeThis retrospective work aims to evaluate the possible impact on intra‐ and inter‐observer variability, contouring time, and contour accuracy of introducing a pelvis computed tomography (CT) auto‐segmentation tool in radiotherapy planning workflow.MethodsTests were carried out on five structures (bladder, rectum, pelvic lymph‐nodes, and femoral heads) of six previously treated subjects, enrolling five radiation oncologists (ROs) to manually re‐contour and edit auto‐contours generated with a male pelvis CT atlas created with the commercial software MIM MAESTRO. The ROs first delineated manual contours (M). Then they modified the auto‐contours, producing automatic‐modified (AM) contours. The procedure was repeated to evaluate intra‐observer variability, producing M1, M2, AM1, and AM2 contour sets (each comprising 5 structures × 6 test patients × 5 ROs = 150 contours), for a total of 600 contours. Potential time savings was evaluated by comparing contouring and editing times. Structure contours were compared to a reference standard by means of Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and mean distance to agreement (MDA), to assess intra‐ and inter‐observer variability. To exclude any automation bias, ROs evaluated both M and AM sets as “clinically acceptable” or “to be corrected” in a blind test.ResultsComparing AM to M sets, a significant reduction of both inter‐observer variability (p < 0.001) and contouring time (‐45% whole pelvis, p < 0.001) was obtained. Intra‐observer variability reduction was significant only for bladder and femoral heads (p < 0.001). The statistical test showed no significant bias.ConclusionOur atlas‐based workflow proved to be effective for clinical practice as it can improve contour reproducibility and generate time savings. Based on these findings, institutions are encouraged to implement their auto‐segmentation method.
A Ferrotoroidic Candidate with Well‐Separated Spin Chains
Authors: Zhang Jun , Wang Xiancheng , Zhou Long , Liu Guangxiu , Adroja Devashibhai T. , da Silva Ivan , Demmel Franz , Khalyavin Dmitry , Sannigrahi Jhuma , Nair Hari S. , Duan Lei , Zhao Jianfa , Deng Zheng , Yu Runze , Shen Xi , Yu Richeng , Zhao Hui , Zhao Jimin , Long Youwen , Hu Zhiwei , Lin Hong‐Ji , Chan Ting‐Shan , Chen Chien‐Te , Wu Wei , Jin Changqing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe search of novel quasi‐1D materials is one of the important aspects in the field of material science. Toroidal moment, the order parameter of ferrotoroidic order, can be generated by a head‐to‐tail configuration of magnetic moment. It has been theoretically proposed that 1D dimerized and antiferromagnetic (AFM)‐like spin chain hosts ferrotoroidicity and has the toroidal moment composed of only two antiparallel spins. Here, the authors report a ferrotoroidic candidate of Ba6Cr2S10 with such a theoretical model of spin chain. The structure consists of unique dimerized face‐sharing CrS6 octahedral chains along the c axis. An AFM‐like ordering at ≈10 K breaks both space‐ and time‐reversal symmetries and the magnetic point group of mm′2′allows three ferroic orders in Ba6Cr2S10: (anti)ferromagnetic, ferroelectric, and ferrotoroidic orders. Their investigation reveals that Ba6Cr2S10 is a rare ferrotoroid ic candidate with quasi 1D spin chain, which can be considered as a starting point for the further exploration of the physics and applications of ferrotoroidicity.