bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Sectioning of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Posterolateral Structures on Lateral Compartment Gapping: A Randomized Biomechanical Study
Authors: Gursoy Safa , Perry Allison K. , Dandu Navya , Singh Harsh , Vadhera Amar S. , Yanke Adam , LaPrade Robert F. , Chahla Jorge 
Published: June 2022

Background: The contribution of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury to lateral instability under varus stress, particularly compared with posterolateral structures, is not well known. Purpose: To investigate the effect of sectioning the ACL and posterolateral knee structures on lateral compartment gapping under varus stress. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Fourteen nonpaired cadaveric knees were randomized to 1 of 2 groups: sequential sectioning of the ACL, fibular collateral ligament (FCL), popliteus tendon (PLT), and popliteofibular ligament (PFL) (ACL-first group) or sequential sectioning of the FCL, PLT, PFL, and ACL (FCL-first group). Knees were loaded onto a custom jig at a 20° flexion angle. A standardized 12-N·m varus moment was applied to each specimen in the intact state and after each randomized sequential-sectioning state. Lateral compartment opening was measured on radiographs to assess the contribution to the increase in the lateral gap caused by resecting the respective structure. The distance was measured by 3 observers on 15 images (5 testing states each imaged 3 times) per specimen, for a total of 210 radiographs. The articular cartilage surfaces were not included in the measurements. Results: The mean increase in lateral opening after sectioning all structures (ACL and posterolateral corner) was 4.6 ± 1.8 mm (range, 1.9-7.7 mm). The ACL and FCL sectioning contributed the most to lateral knee opening (1.3 ± 0.6 and 2.2 ± 1.3 mm, respectively). In both groups, lateral gapping >3 mm was achieved only after both the ACL and FCL were sectioned. All comparisons of increased mean gapping distances demonstrated a significant difference with subsequent sequential sectioning of structures, except comparisons between the FCL and PLT and the PLT and PFL. When considering the effect of the ACL on lateral opening, no significant difference was found between sectioning the ACL first or FCL first ( P = .387). Conclusion: ACL deficiency significantly increased lateral opening under varus stress, regardless of the sequence of injury. The effect of injury to the ACL in addition to the lateral structures should be considered when using varus stress radiographs to evaluate knee injuries. Clinical Relevance: With the current findings, understanding the effect of ACL and posterolateral corner injuries on lateral gapping under varus stress can aid in correctly diagnosing knee injuries and determining appropriate treatment plans.
Characterization of Crural Repair in Antireflux Surgery: Preliminary Experience with a Standardized Technique
Authors: Fanous Medhat 
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To define and optimize cruroplasty in laparoscopic repair of hiatal hernia (LRHH). Background: Crural closure and crural repair in LRHH are used interchangeably. While crural closure entails obliteration of the diaphragmatic defect, cruroplasty involves restoring the anatomy and producing a “functional closure.” Methods: This is an IRB-approved retrospective study. Inclusion criteria were sliding hiatal hernia ≤6 cm in axial length, abnormal pH study or erosive esophagitis, use of the endostitch device to standardize surgical bite, and endoscopic fundoplication to standardize the wrap. Exclusion criteria were a history of antireflux surgery, gastroparesis, or preexisting esophageal stricture. Results: A total of 68 patients, 21 males, and 47 females met the inclusion criteria. The median age and BMI were 59 and 28, respectively. The average follow-up was 26.3 (12–62) months. There were three anatomical recurrences 3/68 (4.4%) and two of them had symptomatic recurrence. All but eight patients discontinued antisecretory therapy 60/68 (88.2%). Five of these eight patients used these medications at lesser dose or frequency rendering the overall improvement of patients to 65/68 (95.5%). There was no postoperative dysphagia. Conclusions: Laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair should focus on crural repair, not merely closure. Optimizing cruroplasty can be achieved by understanding the functional anatomy, recreating the crural sling, and adjusting the crural suture tension. This results in a low recurrence rate of hiatal hernias, a high discontinuation rate of proton pump inhibitors, significant objective clinical improvement of GERD symptoms, and no postoperative dysphagia.
Changes in Nasalance and Velopharyngeal Function Following Conventional Le Fort I and Distraction Osteogenesis Using Perceptual and Instrumental Assessment
Authors: Schleif Eshan Pua , Dillon Katherine , Brady Colin M. , Williams Joseph K. , Riski John E. , Perry Jamie L. 
Published: June 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to quantify the changes in nasalance and velopharyngeal function in individuals with repaired cleft palate who underwent conventional Le Fort I (LFI) and Distraction Osteogenesis (DO). This study will also examine changes relative to secondary factors of age, cleft type, and previous speech surgery. Methods: This retrospective study included 19 patients who underwent LFI and 24 patients who underwent DO at a tertiary level pediatric hospital from 2011 to 2019. All patients had repaired cleft palate and were between 7 and 18 years of age. Pre- and post-operative speech assessment was completed before and after surgery. Results: There was a significant increase in nasalance scores for the oral sentences of 12.9% for the LFI group ( P = .006) and 17.9% for the DO group ( P < .001). A significant difference in nasalance scores between patients with and without previous speech surgery in the LFI group. Conclusions: Findings may aid surgeons and speech pathologists in informing patients about the potential increase in nasalance following LFI or DO. Findings may indicate that timing of speech surgery is more favorable before LFI, but not influential for individuals undergoing DO.
Single-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the preventive treatment of difficult-to-treat migraine: a 12-month prospective analysis
Authors: Lloyd J.O. , Hill B. , Murphy M. , Al-Kaisy A. , Andreou A. P. , Lambru G. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundInitial evidence have shown the short-term efficacy of sTMS in the acute and preventive treatment of migraine. It is unknown whether this treatment approach in the long-term is effective and well tolerated in difficult-to-treat migraine.MethodsThis is a prospective, single centre, open-label, real-world analysis conducted in difficult-to-treat patients with high-frequency episodic migraine (HFEM) and chronic migraine (CM) with and without medication overuse headache (MOH), who were exposed to sTMS therapy. Patients responding to a three-month sTMS treatment, continued the treatment and were assessed again at month 12. The cut-off outcome for treatment continuation was reduction in the monthly moderate to severe headache days (MHD) of at least 30% (headache frequency responders) and/or a ≥ 4-point reduction in headache disability using the Headache Impact test-6 (HIT-6) (headache disability responders).ResultsOne hundred fifty-three patients were included in the analysis (F:M = 126:27, median age 43, IQR 32.3–56.8). At month 3, 93 out of 153 patients (60%) were responders to treatment. Compared to baseline, the median reduction in monthly headache days (MHD) for all patients at month 3 was 5.0 days, from 18.0 (IQR: 12.0–26.0) to 13.0 days (IQR: 5.75–24.0) (P = 0.002,r = − 0.29) and the median reduction in monthly migraine days (MMD) was 4.0 days, from 13.0 (IQR: 8.75–22.0) to 9.0 (IQR: 4.0–15.25) (P = 0.002,r = − 0.29). Sixty-nine out of 153 patients (45%) reported a sustained response to sTMS treatment at month 12. The percentage of patients with MOH was reduced from 52% (N = 79/153) at baseline to 19% (N = 29/153) at month 3, to 8% (N = 7/87) at month 12. There was an overall median 4-point reduction in HIT-6 score, from 66 (IQR: 64–69) at baseline to 62 at month 3 (IQR: 56–65) (P < 0.001,r = − 0.51). A total of 35 mild/moderate adverse events were reported by 23 patients (15%). One patient stopped sTMS treatment due to scalp sensitivity.ConclusionsThis open label analysis suggests that sTMS may be an effective, well-tolerated treatment option for the long-term prevention of difficult-to-treat CM and HFEM.
A novel non-invasive method allowing for discovery of pathologically relevant proteins from small airways
Authors: Östling Jörgen , Van Geest Marleen , Olsson Henric K. , Dahlen Sven-Erik , Viklund Emilia , Gustafsson Per M. , Mirgorodskaya Ekaterina , Olin Anna-Carin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
There is a lack of early and precise biomarkers for personalized respiratory medicine. Breath contains an aerosol of droplet particles, which are formed from the epithelial lining fluid when the small airways close and re-open during inhalation succeeding a full expiration. These particles can be collected by impaction using the PExA method (Particles in Exhaled Air), and are derived from an area of high clinical interest previously difficult to access, making them a potential source of biomarkers reflecting pathological processes in the small airways.

Research question
Our aim was to investigate if PExA method is useful for discovery of biomarkers that reflect pathology of small airways.

Methods and analysis
Ten healthy controls and 20 subjects with asthma, of whom 10 with small airway involvement as indicated by a high lung clearance index (LCI ≥ 2.9 z-score), were examined in a cross-sectional design, using the PExA instrument. The samples were analysed with the SOMAscan proteomics platform (SomaLogic Inc.).

Results
Two hundred-seven proteins were detected in up to 80% of the samples. Nine proteins showed differential abundance in subjects with asthma and high LCI as compared to healthy controls. Two of these were less abundant (ALDOA4, C4), and seven more abundant (FIGF, SERPINA1, CD93, CCL18, F10, IgM, IL1RAP). sRAGE levels were lower in ex-smokers (n = 14) than in never smokers (n = 16). Gene Ontology (GO) annotation database analyses revealed that the PEx proteome is enriched in extracellular proteins associated with extracellular exosome-vesicles and innate immunity.

Conclusion
The applied analytical method was reproducible and allowed identification of pathologically interesting proteins in PEx samples from asthmatic subjects with high LCI. The results suggest that PEx based proteomics is a novel and promising approach to study respiratory diseases with small airway involvement.
Lack of autoantibodies against collagen and related proteins in collagenous colitis
Authors: JK Larsson , B Roth , B Ohlsson , K Sjöberg 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Collagenous colitis (CC) is a common cause of chronic diarrhea and is characterized by a subepithelial thickened collagen layer in the colonic mucosa.
It shares many of the characteristics found in autoimmune diseases, but no autoantibodies have been identified. In CC, an imbalance in collagen turnover is evident. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether any collagen-associated autoantibodies or other antibodies such as TPO and ASCA were present, and if levels of total IgE were increased.

Methods
Sera from women with active CC were analysed with ELISA for detection of autoantibodies against collagen type III and IV (Col III and IV), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and tenascin-C (TNC). Sera were also analysed for TPO, ASCA and total IgE. Healthy female blood donors served as controls. The cut-off value in the control group was defined as relative units > 97.5th percentile.

Results
Sixty-six women were included (mean age 60 years; range 31–74, mean disease duration 6 years; range 1–22). No autoantibody was significantly overexpressed in the CC population compared to controls. The mean disease duration was lower (p = 0.03) in the subjects who expressed collagen-associated autoantibodies (3.7 years; range 1–14), compared to those who did not (6.4 years; range 1–22). Treatment with budesonide was not associated with any of these autoantibodies.

Conclusion
No increased presence of the investigated antibodies could be found in the present study of CC. Neither could antibodies against ASCA or TPO, or elevated levels of IgE, be found. Consequently, no association was found between CC and these proteins, even though this may not be generalizable to other compounds in the collagen layer.
Associations of walking impairment with visual impairment, depression, and cognitive function in U.S. older adults: NHANES 2013–2014
Authors: Gao Wei , Dai Pengfei , Wang Yuqian , Zhang Yurong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundWalking impairment, a common health problem among older adults, has been linked to poor vision and mental health. This study aimed to investigate the associations of walking impairment with visual impairment, depression, and cognitive function in older adults.MethodsA total of 1,489 adults aged 60 years and older who had participated in the National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2014 in the United States were included. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the associations of walking impairment with visual impairment, depression, and four subdomains of cognitive function. Sample weights were used to ensure the generalizability of the results.ResultsAmong all the participants (median age = 68 years; 53.7% women), 17.5% reported walking impairment. Walking impairment was significantly associated with visual impairment (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.76; 95% CI: 1.47–5.20) and depression (aOR = 4.66; 95% CI: 3.11–6.99). Walking impairment was only associated with the Digit Symbol Substitution (DSST) subdomain of cognitive function in total participants (aOR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95–0.99) and in non-Hispanic white adults (aOR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94–0.98). Participants with two or three impairment indicators had a higher OR of walking impairment (aOR = 3.64, 95% CI = 2.46–5.38) than those with 0–1 (reference group) impairment indicator.ConclusionsWalking impairment was associated with visual impairment, depression, and cognitive impairment in American older adults and also positively associated with the number of impairment indicators. The association between walking impairment and cognitive impairment varied according to race. Evaluations of vision, cognition, and depression should be conducted among older adults with walking impairment, and the needs of older adults should be provided in the evaluations alongside information on the biological aspects of their particular race.
Triclosan activates c-Jun/miR-218-1-3p/SLC35C1 signaling to regulate cell viability, migration, invasion and inflammatory response of trophoblast cells in vitro
Authors: Huo Weiwei , Wang Ying , Chen Ting , Cao Tianyue , Zhang Yue , Shi Zhouhong , Hou Shunyu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Spontaneous abortion is considered as the commonest complication of pregnancy. Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial agent, which participates in the process of multiple human diseases, including spontaneous abortion. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of TCS on spontaneous abortion and disclose the possible regulatory mechanism in vitro.

Results
RT-qPCR analyzed that miR-218-1-3p derived from abortion-associated factor slit guidance ligand 2 (SLIT2) was up-regulated in trophoblast cells under TCS treatment. Supported by western blot analysis, functional experiments demonstrated that miR-218-1-3p overexpression impeded the proliferation, migration and invasion while exacerbating the inflammatory response of trophoblast cells. Moreover, mechanism assays revealed that TCS modulated c-Jun production to promote MIR218–1 transcription and enhance miR-218-1-3p expression. Moreover, solute carrier family 35 member C1 (SLC35C1) was validated as a target gene of miR-218-1-3p, and miR-218-1-3p was sustained to negatively modulate SLC35C1 expression in trophoblast cells. Rescue assays validated the role of TCS/miR-218-1-3p/SLC35C1 axis in regulating the viability, migration, invasion and inflammatory response of trophoblast cells.

Conclusions
TCS regulated miR-218-1-3p/SLC35C1 axis to modulate the proliferation, migration, invasion and inflammatory response of trophoblast cells in vitro, which might provide novel insights for spontaneous abortion prevention.

Graphical Abstract
Comparing the efficacy and safety of cisplatin and other platinum-based chemotherapies in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Zhiru , Li Chao , Yang Dong , Song Junmei , Liu Ting , Zhou Ziyan , Zhou Lifang , Kang Min 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy has been identified as the primary and standard treatment for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the side effects of cisplatin affect the compliance to therapy. Thus, the search for a platinum-based substitute for NPC has always been a research focus. However, there is a variability in the efficacy of different platinum-based chemotherapies in the treatment of NPC. We performed a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of cisplatin-based regimens and other platinum-based derivatives (carboplatin, nedaplatin, and lobaplatin) for locally advanced NPC.

Methods
PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically searched for all potentially eligible clinical trials as of February 15, 2022. The pooled hazard ratios, risk ratio, and 95% confidence interval were calculated using Review Manager Software version 5.4.

Results
A total of 1,907 patients with locally advanced NPC were eligible from the 1,265 retrieved records. This systematic review included eight articles, six of which were randomized controlled clinical trials. There was no significant difference in the 3- and 5-year overall survival, progression-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, and locoregional relapse-free survival between cisplatin-based chemotherapy and other platinum-based chemotherapy. Severe acute hematological side effects (≥ grade 3) during treatment, such as neutropenia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, were equivalent in both groups. However, the incidence of anemia was higher in patients receiving other platinum-based chemotherapies. The risk of nausea, vomiting and weight loss was higher in the cisplatin group; however, there was no significant difference in the other non-hematological and late side effects between the two groups.

Conclusions
Other types of platinum-based chemotherapies are as effective as cisplatin-based chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced NPC, thus acting as potential alternatives to cisplatin. Further studies providing high-level evidence are needed.
The relationship between depression and risk of violence in portuguese community-dwelling older people
Authors: Mendes Felismina , Pereira Joana , Zangão Otília , Pereira Catarina , Bravo Jorge 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Mental disorders are highly prevalent in older people, being depression a predominant disorder. Evidence points to a possible relationship between depression and violence against older people. Nonetheless, the role of the depressive symptomology severity in the risk of violence against older people remains unclear. Thus, this study’s main objective was to analyze the relationship between geriatric depressive symptomatology and the risk of violence against older people.

Methods
This exploratory study involved 502 community-dwelling older persons aged 65 to 96 years (73.3 ± 6.5). Measures were performed using the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Risk Assessment of Violence against the Non-Institutionalized Elderly scale.

Results
One hundred nineteen older people (23.7%) had mild/moderate depressive symptomology, and twenty-six (5.2%) had severe depressive symptomology. There were significant relationships between the severity of depressive symptomatology and the risk of violence (p < 0.05). The presence of depressive symptomatology increased the likelihood of being victims of violence, particularly among women (odds ratio: 2–8, p < 0.05).

Conclusions
The severity of depressive symptomatology plays an essential role in the risk of violence against community-dwelling older people. Moreover, it was found that older persons with depression symptomatology were at higher risk of being victims of violence. Our study findings support the need for protective measures within mental health national or regional policies to prevent depression and violence against community-dwelling older people.
A gender-specific assessment of tobacco use risk factors: evidence from the latest Pakistan demographic and health survey
Authors: Zubair Faiqa , Husnain Muhammad Iftikhar ul , Zhao Ting , Ahmad Hasnat , Khanam Rasheda 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The high prevalence of tobacco use in Pakistan poses a substantial health and economic burden to Pakistani individuals, families, and society. However, a comprehensive assessment of the key risk factors of tobacco use in Pakistan is very limited in the literature. A better understanding of the key risk factors of tobacco use is needed to identify and implement effective tobacco control measures.

Objectives
To investigate the key socioeconomic, demographic, and psychosocial determinants of tobacco smoking in a recent large nationally representative sample of Pakistani adults.

Methods
N = 18,737 participants (15,057 females and 3680 males) from the 2017–18 Pakistan Demographic Health Survey, aged 15–49 years, with data on smoking use and related factors were included. Characteristics of male and female participants were compared using T-tests (for continuous variables) and χ2-tests (for categorical variables). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify gender-specific risk factors of tobacco use. The Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve test was used to evaluate the predictive power of models.

Results
We found that the probability of smoking for both males and females is significantly associated with factors such as their age, province/region of usual residence, education level, wealth, and marital status. For instance, the odds of smoking increased with age (from 1.00 [for ages 15–19 years] to 3.01 and 5.78 respectively for females and males aged 45–49 years) and decreased with increasing education (from 1.00 [for no education] to 0.47 and 0.50 for females and males with higher education) and wealth (from 1.00 [poorest] to 0.43 and 0.47 for richest females and males). Whilst the odd ratio of smoking for rural males (0.67) was significantly lower than that of urban males (1.00), the odds did not differ significantly between rural and urban females. Finally, factors such as occupation type, media influence, and domestic violence were associated with the probability of smoking for Pakistani females only.

Conclusions
This study identified gender-specific factors contributing to the risk of tobacco usage in Pakistani adults, suggesting that policy interventions to curb tobacco consumption in Pakistan should be tailored to specific population sub-groups based on their sociodemographic and psychosocial features.