bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of an eight-week treatment program using a novel foot neuromuscular electrical stimulator (NMES) on physical function and leg pain, symptoms and blood flow in community dwelling older adults: a randomized sham-controlled trial
Authors: Kumaran Binoy , Targett Darren , Watson Tim 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is an established therapy that has been widely used for many decades to improve circulation in the legs. However, studies using NMES devices in an elderly, ambulant, and otherwise apparently healthy population are lacking; this is despite use of such devices being indicated for lower leg symptoms (such as aches, pain and cramps) that are frequently seen in older individuals.Methods: This is a single-center, single (participant)-blind, parallel-group, randomized, placebo-controlled (sham group), interventional study. Participants will be randomized to 1 of 3 groups (1:1:1) with each study group receiving a different type of foot NMES: Revitive sham; Revitive Medic© Program 1; or Revitive® Program 2. Each participant will be instructed to self-administer the foot NMES device for 30 minutes twice daily for 8 weeks. During the study all participants will continue with their normal life, activities, medications, and diet with no restrictions. Following the 8-week NMES treatment program participants will be assessed for Canadian Occupational Performance Measure performance (COPM-P) and satisfaction (COPM-S) scores, lower leg pain, lower leg symptoms (heaviness, tiredness, aching and cramps), and blood flow volume and intensity.Discussion: Revitive® foot NMES has been proven to increase blood circulation in the legs during use, which may help to relieve symptoms such as pain, heaviness, cramps, and tiredness. When NMES is applied to the plantar surface of the feet it indirectly induces contraction of the calf muscle, activating the musculo-venous pump and thus improving circulation. This study aims to provide data informing on the applicability of foot NMES for management of leg symptoms that are likely to be indicative of poor circulation in an elderly (>65 years) community population.Trial registration: ISRCTN10576209
Packet type sequence position encoding: The new interpretation of the long term effects of chinese words
Authors: Yu Bingbing , Wang Enguo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this study, we have used Chinese words as the experimental material to investigate the word length effect of short-term memory using the sequence position reconstruction method. It was found that the recall performance of short words was significantly better than that of long words in the pure word list, showing the word length effect. In the mixed word list, there was a significant benefit in the recall performance of long words in Experiment 1 and Experiment 3, and a noticeable benefit was also shown among short words in Experiment 3. The results suggest that at the item level, processing is based on phonological complexity, which accounts for the presence of word length effects in the pure word list. At the sequence position processing level, the pure word list was dominated by temporal position coding, while the mixed word list was dominated by grouped coding and temporal position coding. Meanwhile, both long and short words in a mixed word list benefit due to the involvement of grouped coding, and grouped sequence position coding displays the features of syntactic encoding.The results suggest the temporal distance between the consecutive lexical coding plays an important role at the later retrieval stage.
Using ulnar length to estimate height in undifferentiated adult emergency department patients
Authors: Sakaan Daniel , Stanford Kelsey C. , Gaines Devon , Smith Jessica A. , Jurma Valentin , Chastanet Timothy R. , Tift Frank W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The dose of critical medicines or ventilator settings should not be a guessing game. Yet in the emergency setting, dosing that relies on ideal body weight (IBW) is difficult logistically in a helicopter or a busy trauma bay and often relies on a simple visual estimate to determine the patient’s height, and thus IBW. There have been previous studies showing a relationship between the length of a patient’s ulna and their height, but these were mostly in the pediatric pulmonology literature. We measured patients’ ulna length and height in a convenience sample of undifferentiated adult Emergency Department patients in order to make a linear regression with best-fit line equation for this population. After easily measuring the patient’s arm, the emergency provider can then plug the length into our equation to calculate height and then IBW. Our whole cohort equation is y = 3.5852x + 74.908, with a correlation coefficient of 0.7109 and an R2 value of 0.5054. This study suggests that with one quick and easy measurement life-saving medicine doses and ventilator settings can more accurately be determined.
Pregnancy benefit of acupuncture on in vitro fertilization: a systematic review and meta- analysis
Authors: Yan Shiyan , Ma Peihong , Sun Chengyi , Sun Chongyang , Liu Tinglan , Liu Xiaoyu , Xiong Zhiyi , Pu Zhenqing , Lin Yuhan , Liu Baoyan , Zhang Haoran , Liu Cunzhi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: This study reviewed published evidence of the efficacy of acupuncture among women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Methods: The database included PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Wanfang, CNKI, VIP were searched up to May 24, 2022. The primary outcomes for clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) and live birth rate (LBR) were quantitatively summarized by the random-effect model with I2 statistics to quantify heterogeneity. Results: Forty-nine eligible randomized clinical trials (RCTs)representing 9422 women undergoing IVF for pregnant success were identified. The results indicated that pooled CPR and LBR showed a significant difference between acupuncture and control groups [53 trials, odds ratio (OR)1.68, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.47 to 1.92, I2=47.4], extremely low evidence; 20 trials, OR1.37, 95%CI 1.11 to 1.69, I2=62.6, low evidence, respectively). Only transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) was found to be a positive effect on both CPR (10 trials, OR1.73, 95%CI 1.35 to 2.23; I2=28.1, moderate evidence) and LBR (7 trials, OR 1.74, 95%CI 1.23 to 2.46; I2=47.6, extremely low evidence). Heterogeneity across studies was found and no studies were graded as high quality of evidence. Conclusions: Our results showed that the association between acupuncture use and IVF pregnant outcomes were not supported by robust evidence and the varied methodological design and heterogeneity might influence the findings in a relevant way.Registration: PROSPERO CRD42021232430.
Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Gherlin and Leptin Hormones in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: AlGhamdi Shareefa , Alsulami Nabilah , Khoja Sawsan , Alsufiani Hadeil , Tayeb Haythum O. , AlShaibi Huda , Tarazi Frank I. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The effects of vitamin D supplementation on the levels of leptin and ghrelin hormones were evaluated in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). 72 participants were recruited in this study (40 MDD patients and 32 healthy controls (28 males & 44 females). Blood samples were collected at the beginning of the study to determine the baseline values of different biochemical tests including vitamin D, leptin, and ghrelin hormones. Participants were treated weekly, under physician supervision, with vitamin D (50,000 IU) for 3 months and then blood samples were collected at the end of study. Symptoms of MDD were evaluated and recorded using Beck’s depression inventory (BDI) scale. Three months of vitamin D supplementation significantly increased the levels of ghrelin compared with baseline in MDD patients. In contrast, serum leptin levels were unchanged in the same patients. However, a significantly higher serum leptin levels were found in MDD patients compared with healthy subjects. These results were accompanied by significant decreases in BDI scores of depressive symptoms after 3-month administration of vitamin D. Our findings suggest that ghrelin and leptin hormones may contribute to the pathophysiology and perhaps improved treatment of MDD.
An Alternative Approach to the Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk and Prediction of Radiological and Cancer Risks Caused by Terrestrial Radiation, Case of Isparta/Turkey
Authors: UYANIK N. Ayten 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
There are more or less radioactive elements in the rocks and sediments, formed especially in volcanic regions. There may be a radiological risk for people residing on and around rocks or sediments where radioactive elements are very high. Among these radiological risks, the most important parameter that is determined the amount of death from cancer caused by the natural environment of human beings is known as the excess lifetime cancer risk. The excess lifetime cancer risk is presented in the literature with the empirical relationship. An alternative relationship for the excess lifetime cancer risk was developed in this study. This relationship includes radiological risk parameters and the average life expectancy and does not require a coefficient recommended by organizations. An application area was chosen to compare the results of the relationship developed by this study and the relationship available in the literature. This area included an area of approximately 12.5 km2 in and around the Çünür district of Isparta province in Türkiye, and gamma-ray spectrometry studies were carried out at 270 different points. In addition, the study area was evaluated in terms of radiological risk. For this, radioactive elements (U, Th, and K) were directly measured on the geological material (trachyandesite, flysch, limestone, and soil) using a gamma-ray spectrometer device. Maps were created to compare the outcomes of excess lifetime cancer risk determined with the new approach and calculated using the existing relationship in the literature. Also, the calculated radiological risk parameters were mapped to evaluate the study area in general. In addition to these, the relationships between each other the radioactive elements and the relationships between the radioactive elements and the radiological risk parameters were investigated and statistical analyses were made. Further, the number of people affected by the excess lifetime cancer risk in the study area was estimated based on both the relationship in the literature and the new approach. The results from both relationships are compatible with each other. Therefore, there is no need for the coefficient suggested by different organizations. As a result, it is understood that gamma rays caused by radioactive elements have harmful effects on human health, especially for people settling in volcanic regions. For this reason, radiological risky areas should not be preferred to choose a place of residence in city plans.
Adjacent Segment Degeneration after Spinal Fusion Surgery: An Exploratory Analysis of the Spinal Degenerative Progression Based on Stochastic Models
Authors: Wu Tong , Yang Yi , Wang Changxi , Zhang Kerui , Ma Litai , Cheng Yao , Liu Hao , Li Kang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAdjacent segment degeneration (ASDeg) has become a major concern after spinal fusion surgery. It keeps progressing over time and may develop to irreversible symptoms. Its temporal progression is of vital importance to clinicians when scheduling the treatments. However, few studies have investigated the degeneration process. Currently the treatment plans are mainly determined by the clinicians and the treatment quality highly depends on their experiences. Inexperienced clinicians’ treatment plans may result in unexpected failures of the patients’ spines. This study sought to propose a method to identify, quantify and predict the ASDeg over time.MethodsThe radiograph series of 245 vertebrae from 35 patients who had undergone spinal fusion surgeries were obtained for prospective follow-up study. The degenerative changes on the radiographs were identified and quantified through a proposed indicator. The obtained measurements were divided into two groups: those obtained before the censor time were used to estimate the parameters of the stochastic model, while those obtained after the censor time were used for model validation.ResultsIt was observed that the osteophytes formed and grew over time at the adjacent segments of the fusion site after spinal fusion surgery. After being quantified by the proposed osteophyte ratio index (ORI), the osteophytes growth data was shown to follow the Wiener process with an expression of ORI(t)=0.0145553t+0.0113259B(t). The corresponding survival and the remaining useful life (RUL) functions were obtained, which provide quantitative references for the scheduling of postoperative care or reoperations.ConclusionsThe behavior of ASDeg through was analyzed in this study. The Wiener process that characterizes and predicts the progression of the degenerative behavior was applied and validated. It would be a useful tool in evaluating and predicting the degeneration state of the human spine when performing the postoperative care for spinal fusion surgery.
Comparison of the Reconstruction of Large Buccal and Parotid Region Defects in Salvage Surgery Using Anterolateral Thigh Free Flaps and Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flaps in Elderly Patients
Authors: Wang Yan , Li Wenhao , Huang Zixian , Wang Yuepeng , Huang Zhiquan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: With the aging of the population, the percentage of elderly patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) as well as malignant tumors involving the buccal and parotid regions has increased over time. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes between anterolateral thigh free flaps (ALTFFs) and pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps (PMMFs) for reconstructing large buccal and parotid region defects after salvage surgery in elderly patients.Methods: This study evaluated 48 elderly patients (33 males and 15 females; median age=73.3 years) with large malignant tumors involving the buccal and parotid regions who underwent ALTFF or PMMF reconstruction to repair large buccal and parotid defects following radical resection.Results: Forty-eight patients were included in this study. Twenty-five patients underwent ALTFF reconstruction, while 23 underwent PMMF reconstruction. All elderly patients in this study underwent surgery safely. There was a significant difference between the two groups of defect regions. The operation time was significantly longer in the ALTFF group than in the PMMF group. The rates of recipient site infection and donor site wound dehiscence were greater in the PMMF group than in the ALTFF group. However, there was no significant difference between the ALTFF and PMMF groups in terms of sex, age, ASA score, comorbidity, bleeding amount, blood transfusion, ICU stay, hospital length of stay, total medical cost and systemic medical complications.Conclusions: Age alone was not a risk factor for the surgical treatment of HNC, including tumor ablation and simultaneous flap reconstruction, in elderly patients. Comorbidity status was also not a risk factor for the surgery. Compared to pedicled PMMF reconstruction, an ALTFF is more suitable for reconstructing large buccal and parotid region defects in salvage surgery for elderly patients.
Adequate Chelation and Cupriuresis in Hepatic Wilson disease patients under Combination (Chelator + Zinc) therapy at 2 years of follow up
Authors: Panda Kalpana , Lal Bikrant Bihari , Sood Vikrant , Khanna Rajeev , Alam Seema 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Role of 24-hour urinary copper excretion (UCE) in treatment monitoring of Wilson disease (WD) is not well studied especially in pediatric population. Hence, present study is conducted with aim to evaluate UCE and its role in deciding therapeutic adequacy in paediatric WD on long-term follow-up.
Methods
All WD patients < 18 years and on combination therapy with atleast one UCE available after first year of treatment were included. Liver biochemistries, UCE (mcg/day) and serum non-ceruloplasmin bound copper (NCC) (mcg/dl) were assessed at diagnosis and various follow-ups. For assessment of treatment efficacy, criteria for adequate chelation (CAC) was defined as fulfilment of both (i) AST & ALT ≤ 1.5 times upper limit of normal, serum albumin > 3.5 gm/dl, INR < 1.5 and (ii) UCE < 500.
Results
Of the 74 included children, 70 (94.5%), 45 (60.8%), 28 (37.8%) and 21 (28.3%) completed 2-, 3-, 5- and 7- years follow-up respectively. Liver biochemistries improved significantly within 1 year of treatment. UCE decreased significantly from baseline of 654.08 ± 803.78 to 308.23 ± 175.93 at 2 years with no further change at 3 & 5 years follow-up. UCE at 2 years was < 200 in 28.5%, 200–500 in 55.7%, and > 500 in 15.7%. 61% achieved CAC by 2 years. On multivariate cox regression, treatment compliance was predictor for CAC achievement (p = 0.009, HR: 3.48, 95% CI: 1.36–8.86).
Conclusion
UCE declines significantly from baseline to < 500 mcg/day within 2 years. Majority of treatment compliant patients achieve CAC within 2 years of combination therapy.
Prefrontal interneuron genes underlie neurobiological processes shared between psychiatric disorders
Authors: Pergola Giulio , Sportelli Leonardo , Nagy Corina , Weinberger Daniel , Turecki Gustavo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Previous reports on brain co-expression networks, mostly applied to tissue homogenates, have utilized cluster-based strategies for assigning genes to a unique co-expression cluster. This feature is incompatible with the diversity of cell populations and cellular components involved. Single-cell RNA-sequencing provides a finer-grained resolution than bulk tissue when interrogating brain cell types, dynamic states, and functional processes. We uncovered co-expression patterns across different brain cell types by applying tensor decomposition to single-nucleus transcriptomes from the prefrontal cortex of male patients with depression who died by suicide. We identified a gene set differentially co-expressed in inhibitory neurons between patients and controls and enriched for genes associated with major depression and schizophrenia.
Assessing Major Histocompatibility Complex-Associated Peptide Proteomics assay as a tool to predict immunogenicity potential of protein therapeutics and antigens
Authors: Barbero Luca , Ianni Andrea Di , Fraone Tiziana , Balestra Piercesare , Cowan Kyra , Sirtori Federico Riccardi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex-II (MHC-II)-Associated Peptide Proteomics (MAPPs) is a mass spectrometry-based approach, to identify and relatively quantitate naturally processed and presented MHC-II-associated peptides, that could potentially activate CD4 + T cells and elicit a patient immune response against protein therapeutics in the preclinical development phase. Methods to identify these peptide antigens are critical to the development of new vaccines. Conversely, it is critical to bring safer new biological entities (NBEs) as drug candidates into clinical trials, with a reduced risk of triggering an adaptive immune response that could hamper a therapeutic outcome. Here, we describe a robust protocol for the identification of MHCII-bound peptides from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) of healthy donors, using nano-ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (nUHPLC–MS/MS) and recent improvements in methods for isolation of these peptides.
Bianchi type cosmological models with heat flow in Lyra’s geometry
Authors: R SANTHIKUMAR , B Satyanarayana , Kornu Suryanaryana P S , E Satyannarayana P 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Bianchi type-V cosmological model along with perfect fluid and heat conduction have been discussed in the presence of Lyra’s geometry(1951 Lyra et al.). By using the law of variation for the mean Hubble parameter the solution contains heat conduction and gauge function for n=0 and n≠ 0, which is related to the average scale factor of metric and gives decelerating parameter. We discussed heat transmission stages from initial time to the late time of the universe. The relation between density and pressure is discussed. We obtain a constant decelerating parameter. Physical interpretation and thermodynamic laws are discussed.
New Compression Point Reducing Memory Size in Field of Characteristic ≠ 2,3
Authors: ASSOUJAA ISMAIL , EZZOUAK SIHAM , MOUANIS Hakima 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Compression point is a new method to compress the space memory and still have the same data. In this paper, we will present a new method of compression points work well with addition operation in elliptic curve, so instead of storing the value of two points P = (xP,yP ), Q = (xQ,yQ), we will store the addition of the x-coordinates i,e ( α = xP + xQ,yP,yQ) or the y-coordinates i,e (xP,xQ,β = yP + yQ). In this article, we show a new technique for compressing two points in elliptic curve with different coordinate system: Affine, Projective and Jacobian in a field of characteristic ≠ 2 & 3, and show the cost of theses operations. This method can save if we work with affine, Projective or Jacobian coordinates, at least 25%, 17%, 17% of memory size respectively, and also see what happens in case if we take Edwards curve and Montgomery curve cases.
A new method for tailings ponds recognition by target detection and image segmentation: a case study of Panzhihua city, Sichuan Province, China
Authors: Yang Yang , Liu Liang , Nie Wen , Xie Wei , Zhen Yan , Xiao Yifei , Zhong Fengcheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Tailings pond accidents can cause large amounts of human and property damage, so the rapid and accurate recognition of tailings ponds is important for the prevention of tailings pond accidents. Recognizing tailings ponds by manual interpretation is time-consuming and costly, and a single deep learning model cannot combine time and accuracy as well. In this study, we propose a new method combining YOLOv4 and an optimized U-Net model to recognize tailings ponds from high spatial resolution remote sensing images. Tailings ponds are detected from high spatial resolution remote sensing images using YOLOv4. The optimized U-Net model is used to further recognize tailings ponds, and the optimized U-Net model can fully obtain the feature information and improve the tailings pond recognition accuracy. Compared with the traditional U-Net model, the tailings pond recognition average precision (AP), recall and F1_score are significantly improved by confusion matrix of pixels, with the AP increasing from 95.26–98.12%, recall increasing from 87.6–95% and F1_score increasing from 92.77–97.23%. The results show that the hybrid model can recognize tailings ponds with high accuracy and efficiency over a large area, which can provide some scientific basis for future tailings pond recognition studies.