bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graphene synthesis, fabrication, characterization based on bottom-up and top-down approaches: An overview
Authors: Olatomiwa Agbolade Lukman , Adam Tijjani , Gopinath Subash C. B. , Kolawole Sanusi Yekinni , Olayinka Oyeshola Hakeem , Hashim U. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study presents an overview on graphene synthesis, fabrication and different characterization techniques utilized in the production. Since its discovery in 2004 by Andre Geim and Kostya Novoselov several research articles have been published globally to this effect, owing to graphene’s extraordinary, and exclusive characteristics which include optical transparency, excellent thermal, and mechanical properties. The properties and applications of this two-dimensional carbon crystal composed of single-layered material have created new avenues for the development of high-performance future electronics and technologies in energy storage and conversion for the sustainable energy. However, despite its potential and current status globally the difficulty in the production of monolayer graphene sheet still persists. Therefore, this review highlighted two approaches in the synthesis of graphene, which are the top-down and bottom-up approaches and examined the advantages and failings of the methods involved. In addition, the prospects and failings of these methods are investigated, as they are essential in optimizing the production method of graphene vital for expanding the yield, and producing high-quality graphene.
Low fabrication cost wavelength tunable WG-FP hybrid-cavity laser working over 1.7 μm
Authors: Meng Fangyuan , Yu Hongyan , Zhou Xuliang , Wang Mengqi , Zhang Yejin , Yang Wenyu , Pan Jiaoqing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A wide wavelength tuning range and single-mode hybrid cavity laser consists of a square Whispering-Gallery (WG) microcavity and a Fabry–Pérot (FP) was introduced and demonstrated. A wavelength tuning range over 12.5 nm from 1760.87 to 1773.39 nm which was single-mode emitting was obtained with the side-mode suppression ratio over 30 dB. The hybrid cavity laser does not need grating etching and special epitaxial structure, which reduces the fabrication difficulty and cost, and shows the potential for gas sensing with absorption lines in this range.
Intracortical current steering shifts the location of evoked neural activity
Authors: Meikle Sabrina J , Hagan Maureen A , Price Nicholas S C , Wong Yan T 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objective. Intracortical visual prostheses are being developed to restore sight in people who are blind. The resolution of artificial vision is dictated by the location, proximity and number of electrodes implanted in the brain. However, increasing electrode count and proximity is traded off against tissue damage. Hence, new stimulation methods are needed that can improve the resolution of artificial vision without increasing the number of electrodes. We investigated whether a technique known as current steering can improve the resolution of artificial vision provided by intracortical prostheses without increasing the number of physical electrodes in the brain. Approach. We explored how the locus of neuronal activation could be steered when low amplitude microstimulation was applied simultaneously to two intracortical electrodes. A 64-channel, four-shank electrode array was implanted into the visual cortex of rats (n = 7). The distribution of charge ranged from single-electrode stimulation (100%:0%) to an equal distribution between the two electrodes (50%:50%), thereby steering the current between the physical electrodes. The stimulating electrode separation varied between 300 and 500 μm. The peak of the evoked activity was defined as the ‘virtual electrode’ location. Main results. Current steering systematically shifted the virtual electrode on average between the stimulating electrodes as the distribution of charge was moved from one stimulating electrode to another. This effect was unclear in single trials due to the limited sampling of neurons. A model that scales the cortical response to each physical electrode when stimulated in isolation predicts the evoked virtual electrode response. Virtual electrodes were found to elicit a neural response as effectively and predictably as physical electrodes within cortical tissue on average. Significance. Current steering could be used to increase the resolution of intracortical electrode arrays without altering the number of physical electrodes which will reduce neural tissue damage, power consumption and potential heat dispersion issues.
Direct measurement of oxygen reduction reactions at neurostimulation electrodes
Authors: Ehlich Jiří , Migliaccio Ludovico , Sahalianov Ihor , Nikić Marta , Brodský Jan , Gablech Imrich , Vu Xuan Thang , Ingebrandt Sven , Głowacki Eric Daniel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objective. Electric stimulation delivered by implantable electrodes is a key component of neural engineering. While factors affecting long-term stability, safety, and biocompatibility are a topic of continuous investigation, a widely-accepted principle is that charge injection should be reversible, with no net electrochemical products forming. We want to evaluate oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) occurring at different electrode materials when using established materials and stimulation protocols. Approach. As stimulation electrodes, we have tested platinum, gold, tungsten, nichrome, iridium oxide, titanium, titanium nitride, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate). We use cyclic voltammetry and voltage-step amperometry in oxygenated versus inert conditions to establish at which potentials ORR occurs, and the magnitudes of diffusion-limited ORR currents. We also benchmark the areal capacitance of each electrode material. We use amperometric probes (Clark-type electrodes) to quantify the O2 and H2O2 concentrations in the vicinity of the electrode surface. O2 and H2O2 concentrations are measured while applying DC current, or various biphasic charge-balanced pulses of amplitude in the range 10–30 µC cm−2/phase. To corroborate experimental measurements, we employ finite element modelling to recreate 3D gradients of O2 and H2O2. Main results. All electrode materials support ORR and can create hypoxic conditions near the electrode surface. We find that electrode materials differ significantly in their onset potentials for ORR, and in the extent to which they produce H2O2 as a by-product. A key result is that typical charge-balanced biphasic pulse protocols do lead to irreversible ORR. Some electrodes induce severely hypoxic conditions, others additionally produce an accumulation of hydrogen peroxide into the mM range. Significance. Our findings highlight faradaic ORR as a critical consideration for neural interface devices and show that the established biphasic/charge-balanced approach does not prevent irreversible changes in O2 concentrations. Hypoxia and H2O2 can result in different (electro)physiological consequences.
Statistical mechanical approach of complex networks with weighted links
Authors: Oliveira Rute , Brito Samuraí , da Silva Luciano R , Tsallis Constantino 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Systems that consist of many localized constituents interacting with each other can be represented by complex networks. Consistently, network science has become highly popular in vast fields focusing on natural, artificial and social systems. We numerically analyze the growth of d-dimensional geographic networks (characterized by the index α
G ⩾ 0; d = 1, 2, 3, 4) whose links are weighted through a predefined random probability distribution, namely

P

(

w

)

∝

e

−
|
w
−

w

c

|
/
τ

, w being the weight (w
c ⩾ 0; τ > 0). In this model, each site has an evolving degree k

i
and a local energy

ε

i

≡

∑

j
=
1

k

i

w

i
j

/
2

(i = 1, 2, …, N) that depend on the weights of the links connected to it. Each newly arriving site links to one of the pre-existing ones through preferential attachment given by the probability

Π

i
j

∝

ε

i

/

d

i
j

α

A

(

α

A

⩾
0

)

, where d

ij
is the Euclidean distance between the sites. Short- and long-range interactions respectively correspond to α
A/d > 1 and 0 ⩽ α
A/d ⩽ 1; α
A/d → ∞ corresponds to interactions between close neighbors, and α
A/d → 0 corresponds to infinitely-ranged interactions. The site energy distribution p(ɛ) corresponds to the usual degree distribution p(k) as the particular instance (w
c, τ) = (1, 0). We numerically verify that the corresponding connectivity distribution p(ɛ) converges, when α
A/d → ∞, to the weight distribution P(w) for infinitely wide distributions (i.e. τ → ∞, ∀w
c) as well as for w
c → 0, ∀τ. Finally, we show that p(ɛ) is well approached by the q-exponential distribution

e

q

−

β

q

|
ε
−

w

c

′

|

[

0
⩽

w

c

′

(

w

c

,

α

A

/
d

)

⩽

w

c

]

, which optimizes the nonadditive entropy S

q
under simple constraints; q depends only on α
A/d, thus exhibiting universality.
Aligning random graphs with a sub-tree similarity message-passing algorithm
Authors: Piccioli Giovanni , Semerjian Guilhem , Sicuro Gabriele , Zdeborová Lenka 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The problem of aligning Erdős–Rényi random graphs is a noisy, average-case version of the graph isomorphism problem, in which a pair of correlated random graphs is observed through a random permutation of their vertices. We study a polynomial time message-passing algorithm devised to solve the inference problem of partially recovering the hidden permutation, in the sparse regime with constant average degrees. We perform extensive numerical simulations to determine the range of parameters in which this algorithm achieves partial recovery. We also introduce a generalized ensemble of correlated random graphs with prescribed degree distributions, and extend the algorithm to this case.
Contact process on weighted planar stochastic lattice
Authors: Alves Sidiney G , de Oliveira Marcelo M 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We study the absorbing state phase transition in the contact process on the weighted planar stochastic (WPS) lattice. The WPS lattice is multifractal. Its dual network has a power-law degree distribution function and is also embedded in a bidimensional space. Moreover, it represents a novel way to introduce coordination disorder in lattice models. We investigated the critical behavior of the disordered system using extensive simulations. Our results show the critical behavior is distinct from that on a regular lattice, suggesting it belongs to a different universality class. We evaluate the exponent governing the bond fluctuations and our results agree with the Harris–Barghathi–Vojta criterium for relevant fluctuations.
Research on hidden problems of old protection based on bus protection remote trip and failure start-up loop
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Ma Yingxin , Liu Miao , Xin Guangming , Du Liyan , Li Jiashun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Combined with the hidden failure of misfiring remote trip when the double buses junction bypass pending, it was analyzed of bus protection operation without line protection function platen and remote trip on the opposite side without cause. Meanwhile processing strategies of bus protection about disconnect switch position, secondary circuits of optical-fiber longitudinal difference protection and the opposite side to receive remote trip were studied, and rectification measures such as withdrawal platen of bus protection for tripping circuit breaker when the circuit breaker was overhauled and the renovations for old protection were proposed;in the verification of the failure start circuit of power plants, it was found that standby transformers were not designed to start the failure and release the voltage blocking circuit, and the current settings for double sets of bus protection were inconsistent. And then different functional modes and the considerations for the rectification of the settings were introduced to avoid the special points of the protection in terms of devices, circuits and functions in different periods and to provide an reference for the operation and maintenance of many similar substations and power plants with old protection.
Analysis and detection of fault for substation GIS insulating part based on integrated automation system data
Authors: Liu Hongbing , Xiao Yongli , Qiu Shou , Zhao Xiaoyu , Chen Xin , Liu Zheng , Sun Jun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Insulators are important components in gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIS), and their safe operation is of great engineering significance. In an air leakage fault accident caused by the cracking of the insulating part of the grounding knife switch of 500kV HGIS equipment, the following measures were taken to find out the cause of the failure: disassembly inspection, equipment assembly review, insulation performance test and residual stress analysis during casting and curing. It turned out that the failure was caused by a lack of cache firmware in the production process. The thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient of the central copper conductor and epoxy resin are different. When the two are solidly adhered, the incompletely reacted insulating parts shrink too quickly when the temperature difference is too large. The copper conductor locally produces excessive residual stress to the epoxy resin, which causes the insulation to crack. According to the causes of the fault, suggestions are put forward, such as replacing the central copper conductor with aluminum material, adding secondary pre-curing procedure in the production process, and adding Remote longitudinal Wave probe on the Insulated Basin side to monitor residual stress in real time.
An individual pitch control method for floating offshore wind turbine
Authors: Luo Xiaosuo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
As the vast deep-water wind resource represents a potential development of a superior resource in comparison to the coast and land, the floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) represents a viable solution for increasing renewable energy generation. However, above the rated wind speed region, the influence of turbulent wind loads is more severe on the floating offshore wind turbine. Thus, the control system’s primary objective should be to minimize fatigue loads and irregular power output swings to achieve smooth power output. This paper proposes a feedback method of individual pitch control for FOWT that, by utilizing a feedback control strategy, effectively reduces asymmetric aerodynamic loads and platform motion. The effectiveness of the method is verified through simulation verification.
Generative Rendering Network based on U-shape Discriminator
Authors: Mu Chen , Zhao Huaici , Liu Pengfei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper introduces a generative rendering network(GRN) based on a U-shape discriminator for novel view image synthesis. Recently, some generative adversarial networks start to explore 3D space and synthesize new images by rendering methods. Compared with 2D-only networks, they have achieved impressive results in synthesizing novel view images. However, they still have a common shortcoming: the discriminator cannot provide more detailed information for training a strong generator. For this problem, we design an U-shape based discriminator to extract both global information and pixel-wise information. This innovative discriminator will feedback more instructive clues to train a better generator. Benefit from this strategy, our synthesis results on ShapeNet v2 “cars” and “chairs” and celebA have achieved better performance than comparative methods.
Feature Matching technology of Visible and Infrared Fusion Image based on VIFB
Authors: Luo Yixue , Zeng Qinghua , Li Yineng , Qiu Wenqi , Zhang Yizhou 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In view of the needs of all-time navigation tasks, visual navigation technology based on visible and infrared images has received extensive attention. At present, visible and infrared fusion technology is mostly used in remote sensing detection, target recognition and other fields, but it has not been widely used in the field of navigation and lacks a representative technology evaluation system. Therefore, a feature matching performance evaluation framework for visible and infrared fusion image based on the VIFB framework is proposed in this paper. A variety of typical indoor and outdoor target scenes are designed to test 20 visible and infrared image fusion algorithms. Then the ORB feature matching method is used to test the feature matching effect of image pairs before and after fusion. A variety of qualitative and quantitative evaluation indexes are designed to evaluate the VIFB framework. The feature matching performance of the images before and after processing is comprehensively evaluated. The experiments show that the fusion image can effectively deal with poor lighting and smoke occlusion. In various test scenarios, NSCT_SR, HMSD_GF and LatLRR algorithms show better feature matching performance, and CNN, MST_SR algorithms better integrate visible details and infrared salient structural information. The images fused by ADF, DLF, FPDE algorithms have good grayscale equalization effect.
Research on Nondestructive Testing Signal Processing Method for Intermittent Fault of Circuit Structure
Authors: Huang Zhangyu , Ling Long , Xiao Qixun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In the process of nondestructive testing of circuit structural units, considering that the eddy current intensity and distribution formed under the action of electromagnetic coupling will inevitably cause the change of voltage or impedance of electromagnetic induction testing coil, this kind of phenomenon reflects the signal change information caused by defects such as insulation wear, corrosion, cavitation and so on. In order to fully avoid the sudden faults such as short circuit, open circuit or arc discharge caused by hidden dangers, which force the equipment to stop for maintenance, this paper studies the principle of intermittent fault detection system of circuit structure, designs the circuit structure of typical modules, and establishes the defect prediction model based on Smoothing Technology. It provides a theoretical basis for effectively detecting intermittent fault signals, analyzing the propagation trend of intermittent faults and identifying defect modes, and can be extended to the acquisition and processing of intermittent fault signals of electronic equipment.
SwinF: Swin Transformer with feature fusion in target detection
Authors: Li Te , Wang Huajun , Li Guangzhi , Liu Songshan , Tang Li 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In recent years, transformer has made great achievements in the field of NLP and is gradually applied to Computer Vision. However, due to the particularity of images, the computational complexity of transformer is quite high. The windowing operation proposed by Swin transformer effectively solves this problem. We find that Swin transformer has the same hierarchical structure as CNN, so we propose SwinF network with feature fusion based on Swin transformer. On the coco type dataset, Swin transformer achieves 40.3mAP, while SwinF achieves 42.5mAP in the field of target detection.
Study of simulation parameters of refining solidification microstructure on Ti-55531 via a suction casting
Authors: Fu Yabo , Liu Xiaoli , Cao Xiangbo , Jin Guobao , Liu Gang , Sun Shuyu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Ti-55531 is difficult to achieve samples by a vacuum suction casting. Therefore, the experimental parameters of the suction casting are simulated, and the properties of Ti-55531 alloy with the microscale refining solidification microstructure are studied. The results show that the preparation parameters simulated through the ProCAST on Ti-55531 are obtained. Pouring temperature of 1662 °C is selected as the experimental temperature. Suction casting speed of 2 m/s is selected owing to it with a greater influence on the filling rate. Model temperature of 20 °C is selected with the low temperature. The copper casting mold is selected as the heat transfer coefficient of mold has very small effect on filling rate. The solidification time is not significantly affected by the pouring temperature and the mold temperature. The properties of Ti-55531-0.1 % La are further improved, due to the solidification structure with the microscale refining solidification microstructure for an average spacing of 3.6 μm in the edge. The hardness and strength in the edge both are 11.1 % higher than that in the centre due to refined structure. This study provides a new idea for the formation of a fine microstructure of titanium alloy.
Effects of modified plant fiber on properties of wood plastic composite
Authors: Li Rui 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The surface of plant fiber was modified by HDTMS, and the modified plant fiber-PE wood-plastic composite was prepared by blending with PE. The experimental data of the sample characterization test, natural aging performance and thermal interaction performance were analyzed. The use of modified plant fibers to prepare PE-based composite materials can improve the performance indicators of materials and has certain social value.
Effect of mixed plastic hardening on the cyclic contact between a sphere and a rigid flat
Authors: Mo Yafei , Du Rou , Liu Xiaoming 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper studies the effect of mixed plasticity mode (combined with isotropic and kinematic hardening law) on the cyclic contact between an elastic-plastic sphere and a rigid flat. Assuming power-law hardening with different levels of mixed plasticity for the sphere, we derived a semi-analytical expression of load versus interference during the first loading and unloading process. During cyclic loading, our results indicate that the isotropic plasticity model shows no variation of residual interference, while kinematic plasticity has the cyclic effect on the residual interference, and this effect is bigger for the material with a higher hardening exponent. In addition, we provided the semi-analytical expression for the evolution of residual interference, which is accurate for the strain hardening exponent from 0.1 to 0.5.
Vibration characteristics of cracked compressor blades with different materials
Authors: Zhou Z.T. , He X. , Liu Y.B. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aiming at the influence of different material properties on the vibration characteristics of cracked gas turbine compressor blades, the vibration characteristics of cracked compressor blades with three different materials were studied by numerical calculation. The first order bending vibration of a cracked cantilever beam was simplified to a single degree of freedom system. The breathing crack stiffness model was introduced to change the elastic modulus and other parameters of the material. The fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and fast Fourier transform were used to obtain the cantilever beam vibration characteristic diagram, and the relationship between the material properties and the structural vibration was analyzed. The results show that the elastic modulus of the material is proportional to the stiffness, and the stiffness of the material affects the vibration displacement response of the cantilever beam, and the larger the stiffness is, the smaller the vibration displacement is.
Effect of shock-induced substructure evolution on the dynamic reloading mechanical behavior of Ti-17 alloy
Authors: Li Zheng , Tan Chengwen , Ren Yu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The effect of shock-induced substructure evolution on the dynamic reloading mechanical behavior of a metastable β titanium alloy, Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr (Ti-17), was systematically investigated in this paper. The preshock treatment with the shock stress amplitude of 6, 10 and 14 GPa were applied on the Ti-17 alloy with equiaxed β microstructure. Then the dynamic reloading tests at strain rate of 3000 s-1 were carried out on these shock-prestrained samples. The results show that, the shock-induced substructure in Ti-17 with equiaxed β microstructure involves shock-induced α" martensite, shock-induced ω phase, dislocation proliferation and slip band. The shock-induced substructure evolution directly influences the mechanical properties of Ti-17 alloy during dynamic reloading.