bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bureaucratic Accountability In The Management of The Operational Fund School (BOS) (Case Study On Elementary Education Kupang)
Authors: Marini Sari Dewi Seger  
Published: November 2022

The Government in a democracy should be accountable to the public because the public authority as the holder of the key. The Government should be more transparent and responsible in managing resources public funds or a public authority. Bureaucratic accountability carried out in a balanced internal and external way so that it can produce the performance of education bureaucrats in accordance with the rules and give a sense of smug for stakeholders in the education system. The research aims to find out the school internally and externally bureaucracy Accountability, the control between bureaucratic accountability in the school and methods can ensure the accountability of the school bureaucracy. This type of research uses the instrumental case studies to examine a case in order to be presented a perspective on the issue or theory. The data collected with qualitative methods, documents, archive footage, interviews, direct observation, as well as the role of observation, and physical devices. The informant set by purposive. Data validation using triangulation technique. Research results generate internal accountability carried out by the school. Management of the Fund BOS does not match the technical rules but the school's responsibility to accept the consequences of their performance. While the external accountability is not implemented by the school. The school did not involve the stakeholders of the school Committee, teachers and parents in the process of management of the Fund BOS, does not make use of the media the school as school accountability to the public as well as the use of funds of the BOS is not in accordance with the needs of the stakeholders. An imbalance of internal and external accountability requires a control method to ensure the accountability of public control that is supporting the implementation of the control hierarchy, professional, legal, and political.
Hubungan Self-Control dengan Nomophobia pada Mahasiswa Program Sarjana Keperawatan di Kota Makassar
Authors: Perang Blasius , Yasinta Patrisia Gertrudis  
Published: November 2022

Nomophobia is an anxiety or dependence on a person when far apart from a smartphone. Dependence on this smartphone causes a lack of social interaction from other people. One of internal factors that can affect the level of nomophobia. Self-control is the ability to regulate behavior that can have a positive impact, especially in using of a smartphone. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between self-control with nomophobia in city of Makassar. This type of research in a non-experimental, observational analytic study with a cross sectional study approach. The population in the study was the nurse students in city of Makassar and applied a probability sampling with a proportional stratified random sampling approach with a total sample of 184 respondents. The instrument used was a questionnaire consisting self-control of 30 statements and nomophobia of 20 statements. The statistical test applied a non-parametric chi square test with a significance value α=0,05. The result of the study where the value of ρ=0,001, The result showed that there was a relationship between self-control with nomophobia in nursing students in city of Makassar. This research is expected so that students can control themselves in using smartphones so that they do not always depend on gadget and further improve communication with fellow students
Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Jalan Peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional Terhadap Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Puskesmas Sekupang Kota Batam
Authors: Habibie Deswilyaz Ghiffari  , Delladari Mayefis  , Reni Novianti  
Published: November 2022

Puskesmas is a health service facility that organizes public health efforts and individual health efforts at the first level. In an effort to improve pharmacy services at the puskesmas, evaluation needs to be done by assessing patient satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to assess the satisfaction of National Health Insurance patients with pharmacy services at the puskesmas. This research was conducted for National Health Insurance patients who make up for drugs at Sekupang city of Batam. This type of research is descriptive research using a questionnaire research instrument. Data were processed using a Likert scale and the results of the study showed that the highest level of patient satisfaction with Pharmaceutical Services at Sekupang Health Center in Batam City was found in the empathy variable (hospitality). In this study in general the results obtained from outpatient satisfaction of participants in the national health guarantee were very satisfying for respondents (85.86%).
Clinical and Histopathological Profile of Patients with Prostate Cancer in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Yahaya James Joseph , Yahaya James Joseph 
Published: November 2022

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent malignancy among adult men with marked variation in mortality rate across regions globally. Uganda has the highest incidence of prostate cancer in East Africa. This study explored the spectrum of clinical and histopathological profile of patients diagnosed with PCa in Uganda between 2012 and 2014 at the Department of pathology, Makerere College of Health Sciences (MakCHS).
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study aimed at providing an update of the spectrum of clinical and histopathological profile of patients with PC in Uganda. The study involved 211 cases diagnosed at the department of pathology between 2012 and 2014. After obtaining ethical clearance to carry out the study from the school of biomedical science; laboratory requisition forms collected, were used to extract the biodata information and also selection of the cases. Having selected the cases by using non-probability approach, tissue blocks were retrieved from the archive of the laboratory, sectioned and stained with haemtoxylin and eosin stains and cover-slipped before being examined by the investigator. Data generated were entered in the data collection form and analysis for frequency and descriptive statistics was done using SPSS version 16.0.
Results: The study involved 211 patients with prostate cancer. The median age at diagnosis was 70 years and most of them, 82.9% had total PSA ≥ greater than 4.0ng/ml. Incomplete voiding of urine was the most common clinical feature which accounted for 43.6% and more than half, 61.2% of the patients had advanced disease. Almost half of the patients (44.6%) had Gleason score ≥ 8 and 47.9% of all the cases were in high risk group.
Conclusions: Majority of patients with PCa in Uganda have raised pre-treatment total PSA and most of them are diagnosed with advanced disease. They also have high parameters of biologically aggressive prostate cancer such as Gleason score, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion and positive surgical margins.
Factors contributing to the upsurge of sexually transmitted infections in Gaborone, Botswana
Authors: Tapera Roy , Abotseng Diana , Mutepfa Magen Mhaka - , Baemedi Letsholo , Tumoyagae Tshephang , Patience Erick , Mbongwe Bontle 
Published: November 2022

Background: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) remain a major public health problem in subsaharan African countries, particularly Botswana. In Gaborone, STIs increased from 24 272 in 2015 to 28 106 in 2016 (16%), despite intense advocacy for behavior change by stakeholders to reduce HIV and AIDS prevalence. This study aimed to establish therisk factors associated with STIs.
Materials and Methods: A case-control design was used to study 90 cases and 153 controls (Mean age=28; SD= ± 6.48; age range= 18 – 60 years) enrolled from two health facilities. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires and participants were selected using simple random sampling. Data were captured and analyzed using SPSS statistical software (version 25).
Results: Traveling long distances to access condoms from clinics or pharmacies was a risk factor for contracting STIs among males [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 3.46; 95% CI 1.37-8.73]. Negative attitudes, for instance, reduction of quality of sex (pleasure) caused by condom use, was found to be a risk factor among females (AOR= 4.15; 95% CI 1.71-10.08). Additionally, belonging to a particular religion, that is, Pentecostal, was a deterrent to contracting STIs for both genders (AOR=0.27; 95% CI 0.11-0.68).
Conclusions: Knowledge of the deleterious effects of STIs was not sufficient to curb contracting any of the infections. Barriers to easy access of condoms such as traveling long distances and negative attitudes towards condom use are obstacles to maintaining healthy behaviors. Stakeholders should increase condom collection points and changenegative attitudes through the use of cost-benefit analysis in the AIDS era.
Spousal Participation During Pregnancy and Delivery in Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Adeniran Abiodun , Fawole Adegboyega A. , Adesina Kikelomo T. , Aboyeji Abiodun P. , Balogun Olayinka R. , Ijaiya Munirdeen A. 
Published: November 2022

Background: The potential benefits of the active involvement of men in antenatal and intrapartum events remain largely unexplored in low-resource countries despite the reported benefits from high income areas.
Aim: To evaluate male partners' attitudes and experience on their level of involvement during pregnancy, labour and delivery.
Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at four health facilities in North Central Nigeria from 1st February to 30th July 2017. Participants were male partners of women who were pregnant during the study period; recruitment was after informed consent, data management was with SPSS (version 21.0); p <0.05 was significant.

Results: The male partners were aged 23 to 60 years (mean 35.96±6.76), 173 (69.2%) accompanied the partner to antenatal clinic and 150(60.0%) to ultrasound scan examination. The commonest hindrance to men's antenatal participation was commuter marriage (29; 37.7%); 171(68.4%) participants supported the presence of the man atdelivery while 32(40.5%) opined that men may disturb the health provider during delivery. Also, 137(54.8%) men have requested to be present at delivery previously while 46(33.6%) were obliged; among those obliged, 25(54.3%) described the experience as satisfactory while 28(60.9%) intend to be present at future deliveries. In all, 212(84.8%) suggested antepartum education classes for male partners, 202(80.8%) intend to attend such classes while 143(57.2%) suggested health facility restructuring to facilitate men's participation.
Conclusion: Men are increasingly desirous of active participation at antenatal and intrapartum events; increasing male partner education, male-friendly facility infrastructures and health providers' cooperation will encourage them to fulfil these roles.
Cognitive Autopsy of a Fatal Diagnostic Error
Authors: Besa Chola , Chongo G , Cooper N 
Published: November 2022

Background: Diagnostic error is a significant cause of preventable harm worldwide and diagnostic errors have been identified as a high priority patient safety problem by the World Health Organization. Research shows thatdiagnostic error occurs mainly due to system failures and 'cognitive errors' – that is, failure to synthesise all the available information. There is a worldwide consensus that medical schools and postgraduate training programmes rarely teachthe diagnostic process and related decision making (clinical reasoning) in a way that is explicit, systematic and consistent with what is known from research.
Materials and methods: This paper presents a short case report and analyses it from a clinical reasoning perspective – performing a 'cognitive autopsy' of a fatal diagnostic error.
Results: Clinicians make cognitive shortcuts through pattern recognition and this is highly accurate most of the time. However, shortcuts sometimes go wrong and these are termed 'cognitive biases'. Cognitive biases are subconscious errors of judgement or perception and common examples include 'anchoring', 'the framing effect', 'search satisficing 'and' confirmation biases. These errors are more likely when clinicians are fatigued or cognitively overloaded, and when systems are not designed to mitigate human errors.
Conclusions: There is a vast literature on clinical reasoning, 'human factors', and reflection during decision making that show us how we can reduce diagnostic error in our everyday practice. This paper attempts to highlight some of the key findings in the literature that will hopefully encourage readers to explore the patient safety and clinical reasoning literature for themselves and work together to improve outcomes for patients.
Relationship between placental weight, birth weight, maternal biosocial characteristics and placental-to-birth-weight ratio
Authors: Adeniran Abiodun S , Adesina Kikelomo T , Ezeoke Grace G , Fawole Adegboyega A , Aboyeji Abiodun P , Ijaiya Munirdeen A 
Published: November 2022

Background: Although routine measurements are taken at birth, the derivable benefits from their interpretations have not been maximized in the care of the newborn.
Aim: To determine the relationship between placental weight (PW) at birth, maternal biosocial characteristics, birth weight (BW) and placental-to-birth-weight ratio (PBWR) on immediate and follow up care of the newborn.
Methods: A cross-sectional study involving parturient who had singleton deliveries at ≥32weeks gestation with comparison of maternal biosocial parameters, PW, BW and PBWR. Deliveries <32weeks gestation, multiple gestation and incomplete placenta were excluded from the study. Data was retrieved from the institutional birth registry; data management included determination and comparison of mean values and ratio of individual parameters using SPSS version 21.0.
Result: Among the 8645 participants, the mean PW was 589.2±146g and it increased with maternal age. The mean BW increased with maternal age with a decline from 35years, PBWR declined until age 30years with a rise afterwards. The mean PW increased with parity, the BW increased till the fourth delivery when it began to decline but PBWR did not follow a regular pattern with parity. The PW and BW increased with gestational age while PBWR increased till 36th week, declined from 37th to 42nd week with a rise from 43rd week. The mean PW and BW increased with maternal educational status while booked participants had higher PW and BW but lower PBWR compared to unbooked women.
Conclusion: The placental weight is a central index for the interpretation of measurements at birth, detection of associated abnormalities and suggestion for neonatal follow-up.
Integrating Traditional Healers into the Health Care System: Challenges and Opportunities in South Africa
Authors: Mutale Wilbroad , Matenga Tulani FL , Wagner Ryan , Clemens Elise , Audet Carolyn M 
Published: November 2022

Background: Traditional medicine is widely used around the world to prevent, manage and cure illnesses. For many people living in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in rural areas, traditional medicine is their primary source of health care. Traditional medicines are often used concurrently with treatment from allopathic providers, resulting in concerns related to toxicity, dosing, adherence, and retention in chronic disease treatments. This paper explores opportunities for integrating traditional healers into the allopathic health care system by analysing the challenges hindering integration in order to improve health outcomes for those who routinely oscillate between the two systems.
Method: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 30 traditional healers in rural South Africa. Thematic data analysis, using a combination of deductive and inductive coding, was applied using Nvivo Data management software.
Results: The study showed that collaboration between traditional healers and the health care system exists in an ad-hoc manner, primarily via health education (allopathic to healer), provision of protective materials to healers (e.g. latex gloves), and the referral of patients to the health system for tests and treatments not available to traditional providers. Despite these collaborative efforts, mistrust and a perceived lack of respect for traditional healer’s practices by allopathic providers make formal collaboration difficult. Traditional healers propose opportunities to improve relations including; trust building, bi-directional referral systems as well as improved resource and information sharing systems.
Conclusion: This study has identified potential for more formal linkages between the traditional and allopathic medical systems in SSA, as a means to support patients who ulitize both services for their healthcare needs. The lack of formal policy direction and guidelines has made it difficult to officially bring together these complementary systems that provide parallel services to the same patients and community.
Prevalence of Stress and Coping Strategies among Undergraduate Medical Students at Ridgeway Campus of the University of Zambia
Authors: Chabili Enalla , Simuyemba M. C 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundStress is the way in which the body reacts to uncomfortable situations. The University Of Zambia School of Medicine (UNZA-SoM) is the first medical school in Zambia established in 1965 and is located at the Ridgeway Campus. Students at the campus face a number of challenges, including inadequate accommodation, struggling to pay university fees, demanding learning load and alcohol and substance abuse.
Methods:The study was a quantitative cross-sectional design. Third to seventh year medical students were recruited using simple random sampling. The data collection instrument was a self-administered questionnaire.
Results:The overall findings showed that 71.2% of all the respondents experienced some levels of stress, and the highest prevalence was among the third year students. Prevalence of stress among students who took alcohol was lower (43.3%) than among those who did not (61.1%). Academic pressure (93.94%), financial problems (68.94%) and lecturers’ attitudes (72.72%) were the three most important sources of stress while attending church services (61.36%), watching movies (77.27%) and taking a walk (58.33%) were the three most common coping strategies.
Conclusion:The prevalence of moderate to severe stress was 53.03% which was very high. Students in this category qualify for further clinical assessment and appropriate treatment. However, most of these students were not offered help in form of therapy.Students should be encouraged to employ more of the physically active coping mechanisms and encouraged to seek help from the university counseling services. The government should endeavor to include more students on government sponsorship programs and build more accommodation facilities on cam
Evaluation of Serum Calcium Levels in a Cohort of Head Injured Patients: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Oyemolade Toyin Ayofe , Adeolu Augustine , Baogun James , Badejo Oluwakemi , Oluremi Omolola 
Published: November 2022

Objectives:Serum calcium abnormalities in head injurycanresultinanumberofclinicalmanifestations which may worsen outcome. The serum level of calcium is not routinely measured in head injured patients in our country. This study aims to determine the incidence of deranged serum calcium level in a cohort of head injured patients in Nigerian and relate this to injury severity and management outcomeMaterials and

Methods:This was a prospective observational study of head injured patient who presented at our center within 24 hours of trauma during the study period. Clinical and demographic characteristics as well as admission serum calcium levels were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The outcome measureswereserumcalciumlevelsandmanagement outcome. Ap-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results:There were 114 patients in the study, 89 males and 25 females (M:F- 3.7:1). The mean age was 31.2±15.8 years. Head injury was severe in 18.42% of the patients, moderate in 22.81% and mild in 58.77% (Table 1). The serum calcium ranged from6.60-10.42mg/dlwithameanof8.62±0.83mg/dl. Serum calcium level was normal in 55.26% of the cases, and low in 44.74% (Fig. 2). There was no correlation between serum calcium level and severity of injury (p=0.667) or outcome of head injury (p=0.973) in this study.

Conclusion:Derangement in admission serum calcium was common in our patients with almost half of our patients presenting with hypocalcaemia. However, there was no correlation between serum calcium level and severity of injury or outcome of head injury in this study.
DAMPAK GADGET TERHADAP INTERAKSI SOSIAL PADA ANAK USIA DINI DI DUSUN SUMURAN DESA SUMURGAYAM KECAMATAN PACIRAN KABUPATEN LAMONGAN TAHUN 2022
Authors: Erika Rohmawati  , Risatur Rofi’ah  
Published: November 2022

Interaksi sosial merupakan suatu hubungan timbal balik yang dilakukan antara individu dengan individu lainnya. Siswa yang memiliki interaksi sosial yang tinggi dalam belajar memungkinkan akan memperoleh keberhasilan atau dengan kata lai memperoleh hasil yang tinggi. Berangkat deskripsi diatas dapat ditentukan rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu: Bagaimana dampak gadget terhadap interaksi sosial pada anak usia dini di Dusun Sumuran Kecamtan Paciran Kabupaten Lamongan Tahun 2022? Apa saja faktor yang mempengaruhi interaksi sosial pada anak usia dini di Dusun Sumuran Kecamtan Paciran Kabupaten Lamongan Tahun 2022? Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif yang mana teknik pengumpulan datanya yaitu menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Dari hasil penetilian yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada dua dampak gadget terhadap interaksi sosial di dusun Sumuran, yaitu positif negatif. Dampak positif yang disebabkan oleh gadget antara lain; anak lebih kreatif dan inovatif dalam mencari inspirasi untuk mengekspresikan isi hatinya, anak dapat lebih berwawasan luas dan tidak tertinggal oleh zamannya. Adapun dampak negatif membuat anak menjadi kecanduan dan ketergantungan pada gadget, anak menjadi lebih menyendiri dan tidak berinteraksi sosial dengan teman sebayanya dengan baik. Sejalan dengan teori.
Pemikiran Tariq Ramadan dan Islam di Swiss
Authors: Junedi Junedi  
Published: November 2022

Islam perlu diperkenalkan sesuai dengan kultur budayanya masing-masing. Tentu dengan tidak melanggar aturan serta hukum yang tertulis di dalam al-Qur’an dan Hadits. Hanya saja dalam memperkenalkan hukum Islam tidak sebatas penafsiran tekstual saja melainkan kontekstual. Muslim di eropa adalah minoritas, jadi Muslim di Eropa perlu kehati-hatian ekstra dalam bermasyarakat. Senada dengan problema yang seolah dihadapi Muslim di Eropa, Tariq Ramadan seorang Ilmuwan Muslim memberikan pandangannya tersendiri. Menurut Tariq Ramadan, Muslim di Eropa sebenarnya tidak perlu risau, hanya perlu membaur saja dengan orang Eropa dan menunjukkan identitas sebagai Muslim sejati yang mencerminkan bahwa Islam adalah agama rahmatan li a’alamin.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis pengumpulan data (literatur review) dari journal, media internet dan media berita online yang berkaitan dengan Tariq Ramadan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan banyak pemikiran-pemikiran Tariq Ramadan yang mengusahakan agar Muslim di Eropa setara dengan orang Eropa. Bahkan Tariq Ramadan selalu menggaungkan kalimat, “Muslim Eropa bukan Muslim di Eropa”.