bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enabling Eating Detection in a Free-living Environment: Integrative Engineering and Machine Learning Study
Authors: Zhang Bo , Deng Kaiwen , Shen Jie , Cai Lingrui , Ratitch Bohdana , Fu Haoda , Guan Yuanfang 
Published: March 2022

Background
Monitoring eating is central to the care of many conditions such as diabetes, eating disorders, heart diseases, and dementia. However, automatic tracking of eating in a free-living environment remains a challenge because of the lack of a mature system and large-scale, reliable training set.

Objective
This study aims to fill in this gap by an integrative engineering and machine learning effort and conducting a large-scale study in terms of monitoring hours on wearable-based eating detection.

Methods
This prospective, longitudinal, passively collected study, covering 3828 hours of records, was made possible by programming a digital system that streams diary, accelerometer, and gyroscope data from Apple Watches to iPhones and then transfers the data to the cloud.

Results
On the basis of this data collection, we developed deep learning models leveraging spatial and time augmentation and inferring eating at an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.825 within 5 minutes in the general population. In addition, the longitudinal follow-up of the study design encouraged us to develop personalized models that detect eating behavior at an AUC of 0.872. When aggregated to individual meals, the AUC is 0.951. We then prospectively collected an independent validation cohort in a different season of the year and validated the robustness of the models (0.941 for meal-level aggregation).

Conclusions
The accuracy of this model and the data streaming platform promises immediate deployment for monitoring eating in applications such as diabetic integrative care.
Heart Rate Measurement Accuracy of Fitbit Charge 4 and Samsung Galaxy Watch Active2: Device Evaluation Study
Authors: Nissen Michael , Slim Syrine , Jäger Katharina , Flaucher Madeleine , Huebner Hanna , Danzberger Nina , Fasching Peter A , Beckmann Matthias W , Gradl Stefan , Eskofier Bjoern M 
Published: March 2022

Background
Fitness trackers and smart watches are frequently used to collect data in longitudinal medical studies. They allow continuous recording in real-life settings, potentially revealing previously uncaptured variabilities of biophysiological parameters and diseases. Adequate device accuracy is a prerequisite for meaningful research.

Objective
This study aims to assess the heart rate recording accuracy in two previously unvalidated devices: Fitbit Charge 4 and Samsung Galaxy Watch Active2.

Methods
Participants performed a study protocol comprising 5 resting and sedentary, 2 low-intensity, and 3 high-intensity exercise phases, lasting an average of 19 minutes 27 seconds. Participants wore two wearables simultaneously during all activities: Fitbit Charge 4 and Samsung Galaxy Watch Active2. Reference heart rate data were recorded using a medically certified Holter electrocardiogram. The data of the reference and evaluated devices were synchronized and compared at 1-second intervals. The mean, mean absolute error, mean absolute percentage error, Lin concordance correlation coefficient, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Bland-Altman plots were analyzed.

Results
A total of 23 healthy adults (mean age 24.2, SD 4.6 years) participated in our study. Overall, and across all activities, the Fitbit Charge 4 slightly underestimated the heart rate, whereas the Samsung Galaxy Watch Active2 overestimated it (−1.66 beats per minute [bpm]/3.84 bpm). The Fitbit Charge 4 achieved a lower mean absolute error during resting and sedentary activities (seated rest: 7.8 vs 9.4; typing: 8.1 vs 11.6; laying down [left]: 7.2 vs 9.4; laying down [back]: 6.0 vs 8.6; and walking slowly: 6.8 vs 7.7 bpm), whereas the Samsung Galaxy Watch Active2 performed better during and after low- and high-intensity activities (standing up: 12.3 vs 9.0; walking fast: 6.1 vs 5.8; stairs: 8.8 vs 6.9; squats: 15.7 vs 6.1; resting: 9.6 vs 5.6 bpm).

Conclusions
Device accuracy varied with activity. Overall, both devices achieved a mean absolute percentage error of just <10%. Thus, they were considered to produce valid results based on the limits established by previous work in the field. Neither device reached sufficient accuracy during seated rest or keyboard typing. Thus, both devices may be eligible for use in respective studies; however, researchers should consider their individual study requirements.
Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria in Health Care Facilities: Exploring Links With Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene in Gaza, Palestine
Authors: Abushomar Reem , Zeitoun Mark , Abu Sittah Ghassan , Abu Fayad Antoine , Abbara Aula , El Achi Nassim , Elmanama Abdelraouf 
Published: March 2022

Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global phenomenon; however, its link to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) remains underexplored, particularly in health care facilities where humanitarian crises prevail.

Objective
This study aimed to identify AMR bacteria in samples collected from WASH services in 2 hospitals in Gaza and to investigate the presence of AMR genes.

Methods
A hospital-based cross-sectional study to detect and identify antimicrobial resistance bacteria was conducted. Random samples from water, wastewater, soap, and surface swabs (n=345) were collected from Al-Shifa and European Gaza hospitals and screened for the presence of Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, Enterococcus, and Staphylococcusaureus. Antimicrobial susceptibility, extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production, carbapenem resistance, and AMR genes were investigated.

Results
High levels of bacterial contamination were detected in water and surface swab samples with an overall percentage of 34.1%. Moreover, 22% of the identified Enterobacteriaceae was positive for ESBL, and 14% was positive for modified Hodge test. Over 2/3 of isolated Enterobacteriaceae in water and wastewater samples was found to be resistant to amikacin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and imipenem. All Enterobacteriaceae isolates from swab samples were found to be resistant to piperacillin-tazobactam, amikacin, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone; 13.8% of S. aureus in water samples was methicillin resistant. The prevalence of ESBL genes among Enterobacteriaceae isolates was 25% OXA, 19.4% SHV, 2.8% KPC, 66.7% TEM, 41.7% blaCTXM, and 5.6% blaCTXM-3. For carbapenem-resistant gene (MDM), the prevalence among Enterobacteriaceae was 11.1%, and among Pseudomonas was 12.5%. The antibiotic susceptibility profile was also presented for Pseudomonas, Enterococcus, and S. aureus.

Conclusions
The results underline the level of contamination with AMR bacteria in WASH samples and highlight the need to consider the safety of WASH service at health care facilities as an essential aspect in the fight against the spread of AMR and to interrupt nosocomial transmission.
The Effect of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation With Cognitive Training on Executive Brain Function in Individuals With Dementia: Protocol for a Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Jacobson Natasha , Lithgow Brian , Jafari Jozani Mohammad , Moussavi Zahra 
Published: March 2022

Background
Although memory and cognitive declines are associated with normal brain aging, they may also be precursors to dementia.

Objective
We aim to offer a novel approach to prevent or slow the progress of neurodegenerative dementia, or plausibly, improve the cognitive functions of individuals with dementia.

Methods
We will recruit and enroll 75 participants (older than 50 years old with either mild cognitive impairment or probable early or moderate dementia) for this double-blind randomized controlled study to estimate the efficacy of active transcranial alternating current stimulation with cognitive treatment (in comparison with sham transcranial alternating current stimulation). This will be a crossover study; a cycle consists of sham or active treatment for a period of 4 weeks (5 days per week, in two 30-minute sessions with a half-hour break in between), and participants are randomized into 2 groups, with stratification by age, sex, and cognitive level (measured with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment). Outcomes will be assessed before and after each treatment cycle. The primary outcomes are changes in Wechsler Memory Scale Older Adult Battery and Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale scores. Secondary outcomes are changes in performance on tests of frontal lobe functioning (verbal fluency), neuropsychiatric symptoms (Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire), mood changes (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale), and short-term recall (visual 1-back task). Exploratory outcome measures will also be assessed: static and dynamic vestibular response using electrovestibulography, neuronal changes using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, and change in spatial orientation using virtual reality navigation.

Results
As of February 10, 2022, the study is ongoing: 7 patients have been screened, and all were deemed eligible for and enrolled in the study; 4 participants have completed baseline assessments.

Conclusions
We anticipate that transcranial alternating current stimulation will be a well-tolerated treatment, with no serious side effects and with considerable short- and long-term cognitive improvements.

Trial Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05203523; https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT05203523

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/37282
CATEGORIZATION OF ṢIFAT MUSYABBAHAH (ATTRIBUTIVE ADJECTIVES OF ARABIC)
Authors: Afrizal Mohamad , Hadi Syamsul , Suhandono Suhandono 
Published: March 2022

Ṣifat musyabbahah (SM) merupakan subkelas nomina Bahasa Arab, yang dimunculkan oleh para tata bahasawan klasik Bahasa Arab, yang bentuk dan maknanya tidak teratur. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkategorikan SM melalui pendekatan kelas kata lintas-bahasa. Data berupa SM bebas konteks dan SM terikat konteks yang diperoleh dari buku-buku tata bahasa Arab, serta korpus dan kamus daring Bahasa Arab. Kemudian, data dianalisis dengan pendekatan kelas kata lintas-bahasa, yaitu integrasi analisis sintaksis, morfologi, dan leksikal. Hasilnya ialah SM dapat dikategorikan ke dalam 6 jenis SM yang meliputi 1) SM dalam arti sempit, 2) SM sebagai bentuk/wazan antara ism fā’il dan ism maf’ūl, 3) SM sebagai inkorporasi nomina absolut, 4) SM sebagai leksikalisasi metaforis, 5) SM sebagai istilah kekerabatan dan kategori sosial, dan 6) ism non-SM.
THE PROCESS OF CONCEPTUALIZATION IN SOLVING GEOMETRIC-FUNCTION PROBLEMS
Authors: Hutajulu Masta , Perbowo Krisna Satrio , Alghadari Fiki , Minarti Eva Dwi , Hidayat Wahyu 
Published: March 2022

Functional analysis has been of interest and the thinking of students should be prepared. Analyzing the process of conceptualizing geometric function problem solving based on the dimensions of cognitive processes and knowledge was the purpose of this study. The subjects of this study were three students selected purposively from one of the secondary schools in Indonesia. Exploration of these studies with constant comparative techniques. The results of the data analysis show that the cognitive processes that operate and the knowledge applied by students focus on the conceptualization of algebraic representations. Based on the conceptualization process, students' conceptual systems are still fragmented because of the problem of the relationship between the concept and the basis of its relationship. As a result, procedural knowledge is more dominant.
Does Seeking Audit Evidence Impede the Willingness to Impose Audit Adjustments?
Authors: Kachelmeier Steven J. , Rimkus Dan 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
In two incentivized auditing experiments, participants who choose to acquire evidence adjust for the risk revealed by that evidence to a lesser extent than those who obtain the same evidence without investigative action, controlling for the diagnostic value of evidence. This finding follows from mental accounting and information choice theories that, in combination, predict that choosing to undertake effortful investigation can magnify aversion to costly adjustments. In our first experiment, effort choice reduces adjustments only when the same participants make both decisions, not when different participants make these decisions in noninteractive pairs. We observe consistent findings in a second experiment that pairs all participants and allows interaction, with effort choice reducing adjustments only when participants responsible for evidence perceive high involvement in the adjustment decisions made by their paired counterparts. A potential implication of our study is that emerging audit technologies that facilitate evidence collection could also enhance auditor independence.
Balkon Pintar Kreatif Berkonsep Compulsory Education di Desa Koa, Kecamatan Mollo Barat, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS), Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT)
Authors: Kurniawan Budi , K. Ivo Basri , Fernandes Elisabeth E. , Balangga Muffaridun , Dede Salfian Ismail 
Published: March 2022

Sumber daya manusia pada Desa Koa tergolong rendah dikarenakan rata-rata tingkat pendidikan di Desa Koa hanya sebatas di sekolah menengah pertama (SMP), rendahnya kesadaran pendidikan masyarakat di Desa Koa merupakan faktor utama penyebab lemahnya kualitas SDM. Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PkM) ini adalah membangun balkon kreatif berkonsep compulsory education yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan hard skill, soft skill, life skill serta memberdayakan masyarakat dalam hal pendidikan di Desa Koa, Kecamatan Mollo Barat, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS), Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). Pelaksanaan kegiatan berlangsung pada tanggal 4 Oktober 2021 di Desa Koa. Metode pelaksanaan yang digunakan dalam PkM dibagi menjadi 7 (tujuh) tahap diantaranya: 1) observasi dan wawancara, 2) pemetaan masalah, 3) pembangunan balkon, 4) pembuatan media pembelajaran, 5) mengadakan sosialisasi literasi media pembelajaran 6) sosialisasi pelatihan keterampilan hard skill dan soft skill, 7) sosialisasi pendidikan keterampilan hidup (life skill), 8) pelaksanaan PkM dengan melibatkan berbagai pihak diantaranya : Pihak Desa : Kepala Desa Koa, Masyarakat, Guru, Peserta Didik (siswa) SD dan Pihak Perguruan Tinggi: Dosen Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar (PGSD) Universitas Muhammadiyah Kupang dan Mahasiswa. Hasil analisis dengan survei menunjukkan bahwa peseta didik 90% sangat antusias dan memberikan respon yang sangat baik selama kegiatan berlangsung maupun setelah adanya balkon pintar kreatif berkonsep compulsory education dan luaran dari kegiatan ini adalah pemahaman masyarakat dan peserta didik tentang pemanfaatan balkon pintar kreatif untuk meningkatkan soft skill, hard skill, life skill yang harus dimiliki, dan pentingnya media pembelajaran dalam proses pembelajaran.
Characteristics of mental health service use of Brazilian children using routine health records
Authors: Araujo Jacyra , Da Silva Rodrigues Elisângela , Castro-de-Araujo Luis Fernando Silva , Machado Daiane Borges , Barreto Maurício L 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundTo investigate the clinical epidemiological characteristics of a large data set of visits to outpatient children mental health services in Brazil, as well as to identify relevant relationships between age, sex and three common mental disorders in childhood: pervasive developmental disorders, ADHD and mild depressive disorders.
MethodsWe extracted data from a public repository, DATASUS, regarding child outpatient mental health services in Brazil, from 2008 to 2012. We performed an analysis of the number of visits per inhabitant and inferential analyses with logistic regressions for ADHD (F90.0), Pervasive Developmental Disorders (F84.0-F84.9), and Mild Depressive Episode (F32.0) as outcomes, controlling for age, year of the visit, number of new CAPSI stratified by region.
FindingsAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was the most common condition identified across the country. The analyses by region showed a high number of visits due to mental retardation in the Northeast and depressive episodes in the South. Regressions showed that older children are less likely to visit outpatient services with a diagnosis of ADHD (F90.0).
ConclusionsOur analysis shows the conditions which cause the most burden to the child psychiatry outpatient centers in Brazil and relevant differences between regions. This information has immediate use for the training of staff and allocation of resources in each region.
For collaborations please contact: Email: jacyra.paiva@fiocruz.brFor collaborations please contact: Email: jacyra.paiva@fiocruz.br
Household tenure and its associations with multiple long-term conditions amongst working age adults: a cross-sectional analysis using linked primary care and local government records
Authors: Ingram Elizabeth , Gomes Manuel , Hogarth Sue , McDonald Helen , Osborn David , Sheringham Jessica 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThe increasing number of individuals living with multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) is a huge public health challenge both globally and in the UK. MLTCs are more prevalent, have earlier onset, and are more likely to include mental health conditions for residents of more deprived areas. However, the influence of household-level social determinants of health have received little attention. This is despite evidence suggesting that risk factors for MLTCs cluster within households.
We aimed to quantify associations between household tenure – whether someone privately rents, rents from social housing, or owns their property – and different definitions of MLTCs amongst working age adults.
MethodsThis cross-sectional study used the 2019/2020 wave of a novel dataset linking individual and household data across health services and local government for a deprived borough in North East London. Three definitions of MLTCs were operationalised: basic MLTCs (defined as two or more long-term conditions within an individual), physical-mental MLTCs (basic MLTCs where one condition is physical and one is depression or anxiety), and complex MLTCs (three or more long-term conditions affecting three or more different bodily systems). Multilevel logistic regression modelling was used to explore associations between tenure and MLTCs prevalence for working age adults (16-64 years old, inclusive).
FindingsPrevalence of basic, physical-mental and complex MLTCs was 18.0%, 4.8% and 6.0%, respectively. In unadjusted analyses, prevalence of all definitions of MLTCs was greater with increasing age, for women and individuals of white ethnicity. Compared to working age owner-occupiers, odds of basic MLTCs were 36% higher for social housing tenants (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.31-1.42) and 21% lower for private renters (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0. 75-0.83) after adjusting for a range of health behaviours, and socioeconomic and demographic factors. Results were consistent across MLTCs definitions, although stronger for social housing tenants with physical-mental MLTCs.
ConclusionsThis study finds strong evidence that household tenure is associated with MLTCs, emphasising the importance of understanding and addressing household-level determinants of health. Our findings suggest that resources to prevent and tackle MLTCs could be differentially targeted by tenure type and that working age adults are an important population to consider in preventative strategies that address social determinants of health. Further research should employ longitudinal research methods to assess causal relationships between household social determinants such as tenure and prevalence of MLTCs.
Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen PT Pegadaian Outlet Kedaton di Bandar Lampung Saat Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Fortuna Ghin Erza , Pandjaitan Dorothy Rouly Haratua 
Published: March 2022

The covid-19 pandemic has had a broad impact on various sectors, such as the health, social, financial, and other sectors. In the economic sector, due to the pandemic, the number of unemployment increases, and many entrepreneurs close their outlets. Therefore, PT Pegadaian Outlet Kedaton is here to help ease the burden on the community by means that people don't have to sell their goods but only pawn the things they have.
This study aims to determine the effect of service quality on customer satisfaction at PT Pegadaian Outlet Kedaton during the covid-19 pandemic. This study uses a non-probability sampling method with a purposeful sampling technique, with a sample of 100 respondents who have visited and made transactions at PT Pegadaian Outlet Kedaton during the covid-19 pandemic. This study indicates that the variables tangible, empathy, reliability, responsiveness, and assurance, have a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction.
Keywords: Service Quality, Satisfaction, Consumer, Employee Performance, Pawnshop
Abstrak
Pandemi covid-19 berdampak secara luas pada berbagai sektor, diantaranya adalah sektor perekonomian. Pada sektor perekonomian dampaknya adalah pengangguran meningkat dan banyaknya pengusaha menutup gerai mereka karena adanya pandemi tersebut, dengan terjadinya hal seperti ini PT Pegadaian Outlet Kedaton membantu meringankan beban masyarakat dengan cara masyarakat tidak perlu menjual barangnya melainkan hanya menggadaikan barang yang masyarakat miliki.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan konsimen di PT Pegadaian Outlet Kedaton saat pandemi covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode non-probability sampling dengan tehnik purpose sampling, dengan sampel sebanyak 100 responden yang telah berkunjung serta melakukan transaksi di PT Pegadaian Outlet Kedaton selama pandemi covid-19. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel bukti fisik, empati, keandalan, ketanggapan, dan jaminan berpengaruh positif secara signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen
Kata kunci: Kualitas Pelayanan, Kepuasan, Konsumen, Kinerja Karyawan, Pegadaian
THE INFLUENCE OF GUIDED INQUIRY LEARNING MODELS TOWARDS STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES IN COST OF MATERIAL DYNAMIC FLUID IN CLASS XI SEMESTER I SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 2 PERCUT SEI TUAN
Authors: Rumahorbo Sari Marina , Motlan Motlan , Inoventa Elya 
Published: March 2022

This research aims to determine the effect of guided inquiry learning model to student’s learning outcomes in the subject matter of momentum, impulse and collision in class X SMA N 1 Percut Sei Tuan. This research is a quasi experiment with group pre test-post test design. The population in the study was all students of class X MIA SMA N 2 Percut Sei Tuan. The research sample consisted of two classes with technique cluster random sampling that is, a class X MIA-3 as class experiment and X MIA-4 as the control class, each one amount to 30 students. The instrument used is achievement test in the form of 8 essay. Based on data analysis obtain that there is effect of guided inquiry learning model to student learning outcomes in the subject matter of momentum, impulse and collision in class X SMA N 2 Percut Sei Tuan. Keywords: guided inquiry, dynamic fluid, learning outcomes