bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment-responsive Holmes tremor in a child with low-pressure hydrocephalus: video case report and systematic review of the literature
Authors: Chang Stephano J. , Mitchell Ruth , Hukin Juliette , Singhal Ash 
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE
Holmes tremor (HT) is a rare and debilitating movement disorder comprising both rest and action tremor, and it is known for its resistance to treatment. Its most common causes include ischemic or hemorrhagic insults and trauma. Mechanistically, the combined rest and action tremor is thought to require a double lesion of both the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system and the dentatorubrothalamic pathways, often near the midbrain where both pathways converge. The aim of this study was to characterize HT as a presenting sign in cases of hydrocephalus and to discuss potential pathomechanisms, clinical presentations, and treatment options.

METHODS
MEDLINE and Web of Science were searched for cases of HT with hydrocephalus from database inception to August 2021, and these were compiled along with the authors’ own unique case of treatment-responsive HT in a child with low-pressure obstructive hydrocephalus secondary to a tectal tumor. Patient characteristics, presenting signs/symptoms, potential precipitating factors, interventions, and patient outcomes were recorded.

RESULTS
Nine patients were identified including the authors’ video case report. All patients had a triventriculomegaly pattern with at least a component of obstructive hydrocephalus, and 4 patients were identified as having low-pressure hydrocephalus. Parinaud’s syndrome and bradykinesia were the most commonly associated signs. Levodopa and CSF diversion were the most commonly used and effective treatments for HT in this population. This review was not registered and did not receive any funding.

CONCLUSIONS
HT is a poorly understood and probably underrecognized presentation of hydrocephalus that is difficult to treat, limiting the strength of the evidence in this review. Treatment options include CSF diversion, antiparkinsonian agents, antiepileptic agents, deep brain stimulation, and MR-guided focused ultrasound, and aim toward the nigrostriatal and dentatorubrothalamic pathways hypothesized to be involved in its pathophysiology.
Politics, Migration and Race. A Conversation with Yannis Hamilakis
Authors: Pintucci Alessandro 
Published: February 2022

Yannis Hamilakis is Joukowsky Family Professor of Archaeology and Professor of Modern Greek Studies at the Brown University (USA). His main research and teaching interests are the socio-politics of the past, the body and bodily senses, the archaeology of eating and drinking, the ontology and materiality of photography, archaeology and nationalism, archaeological ethnography, and critical pedagogy in archaeology. Yannis is committed to an anthropologically-informed, critical archaeological engagement with past and present material culture, and to the inter-disciplinary nature of archaeological work. This position recognises the historically contingent nature of archaeology as a device of western modernity, as well as its potential to enable a critical and reflexive experiential encounter with the material world. He also believes on a politically committed archaeological and academic practice, devoted to social justice.
Association of Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 Gene Polymorphism (rs1801278) with Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Niyasti Parham , Saberi Alia , Hatamyain Hamidreza , Ajamian Farzam , Ghorbani Shirkouhi Samaneh , Mirzanejad Laleh , Andalib Sasan 
Published: February 2022

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. AD is also the leading cause of morbidity and mortality due to dementia worldwide. It has been shown that AD is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and brain insulin resistance. Rs1801278 is a polymorphism in insulin receptor substrate-1 ( IRS-1) gene which changes the amino acid Arg972. This polymorphism has been found to be associated with susceptibility to AD in some populations. Objective: In the present study, our aim was to investigate the association of Arg972 IRS-1 (rs1801278) gene polymorphism and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) in an Iranian population. Methods: In this case-control study, 150 patients with LOAD and 150 unrelated healthy controls were recruited. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify a DNA segment of 263 base-pair (bp) length containing the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). The PCR product was then incubated with MvaI restriction enzyme to undergo enzymatic cleavage. Electrophoresis was thereafter carried out using agarose gel and DNA safe stain. The gel was ultimately visualized under a UV trans-illuminator. Allelic and genotypic frequencies were then compared. Results: A allele (mutant) of the gene was significantly associated with the risk of AD after adjustment for sex and age ( p = 0.04, adjusted OR:1.77, 95% CI:1.00–3.11). Only AA genotype (mutant homozygote) was significantly associated with the risk of AD after adjustment for sex and age ( p = 0.01, adjusted OR:2.39, 95% CI:1.22–4.66). Conclusion: SNP rs1801278 is significantly associated with the risk of developing AD in the studied Iranian population.
Properties of the dispersive double bent crystal monochromator setting with a multicrystal sandwich at the place of the second axis
Authors: Mikula Pavol , Šaroun Jan , Strunz Pavel , Ryukhtin Vasyl 
Published: February 2022

In this paper, some luminosity, focusing and resolution properties of a double-crystal (n,-m) dispersive setting which contains a bent perfect Si(111) crystal as a first one and a sandwich consisting of four different bent perfect crystals (BPC) Si(220), Si(400), Ge(111) and Ge(311) located at the second axis, is introduced with the aim of possible use in high-resolution diffractometry. The properties were investigated at a neutron wavelength of 0.162 nm. It was shown that a narrow and highly collimated and high-resolution monochromatic beam can be obtained. By using a standard polycrystalline pin of α-Fe, the resolution of the three-axis diffraction performance, namely, in the vicinity of the scattering angle [Formula: see text] was tested in detail. It has been found that the dispersive double-crystal (DC) setting represents a high-resolution monochromator alternative, e.g. in powder diffraction which could be used at high-flux neutron sources.
Associations of Young Adult Intelligence, Education, Height, and Body Mass Index with Subsequent Risk of Parkinson’s Disease and Survival: A Danish Cohort Study
Authors: Osler Merete , Okholm Gunhild Tidemann , Villumsen Marie , Rozing Maarten Pieter , Jørgensen Terese Sara Høj 
Published: February 2022

Background: The underlying disease mechanisms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are still unknown and knowledge about risk and prognostic factors is sparse. Objective: To examine the association between intelligence, education, body height, and body mass index (BMI) in young adulthood and risk of PD and subsequent survival. Methods: In total, 656,751 men born 1939–1959 with information from conscription examinations around age 19 years were followed for PD and mortality from 1977–2018 in Danish registries. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to conduct the analyses. Results: During follow-up, 5,264 (0.8%) men were diagnosed with PD. Higher intelligence, education, and body height conferred a higher hazard of PD, independent of age at disease onset. BMI above compared to below the mean (22.8 kg/m2) was associated with slightly higher hazard of late-onset PD (>60 years). During follow-up, 2,125 (40.5%) men with PD died, corresponding to a 2.55 (95% confidence interval:2.44–2.66) times higher mortality compared to men without PD. Intelligence was inversely associated with mortality in men with and without PD. Higher education and body height were also inversely associated with mortality in men without PD, whereas the estimates were less pronounced and imprecisely estimated for men with PD. Having an obese BMI was associated with higher mortality in men with PD. Conclusion: Intelligence, education, and body height in young adulthood are positively associated with risk of PD later in life among men. BMI above the mean only confer a higher risk for late-onset PD. For men diagnosed with PD, high intelligence is the only early life indicator associated with better survival, whereas obese BMI predicts poorer survival.
Dietary intake of animal and plant proteins and risk of all cause and cause-specific mortality: The Epic-Italy cohort
Authors: Fontana Luigi , Sieri Sabina , Ricceri Fulvio , Agnoli Claudia , Pala Valeria , Masala Giovanna , Saieva Calogero , Catalano Alberto , Macciotta Alessandra , Tumino Rosario , Panico Salvatore , De Magistris Maria Santucci , Krogh Vittorio 
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: To examine the associations of animal and plant protein intake with all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality risk in middle-aged Italian men and women with substantially lower animal protein intake than North Americans. METHODS AND RESULTS: Food consumption was assessed by validated Epic semiquantitative FFQs. Multivariable Cox models stratified by center, age, and sex, and adjusted for confounders, estimated associations of animal and plant protein consumption with mortality for all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. After a median follow-up of 15.2 years, 2,449 deaths were identified in 45,009 participants. No significant association between intake of total, animal or plant protein and mortality was found in the fully adjusted models. Substitution of plant protein for animal protein was inversely associated with cardiovascular mortality (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.24–0.92) only in people with at least 1 unhealthy lifestyle risk factor and poor adherence to a Mediterranean diet. Participants in the highest quintile group of animal protein intake had higher glucose, total and LDL cholesterol levels than those in the lowest quintile. In contrast, higher plant protein intake was negatively associated with fasting insulin and cholesterol, despite higher BMI, physical inactivity and starch consumption. CONCLUSIONS: Replacing plant protein for animal protein was associated with lower cardiovascular mortality among individuals with unhealthy lifestyle risk factors. High animal but not plant protein intake is associated with impaired fasting glucose and hypercholesterolemia, despite lower calorie and carbohydrate intake, suggesting that protein source plays crucial roles in modulating cardiometabolic health independently of body weight.
A biztonságtudatosítás lehetőségei a 21. századi platformok fényében
Authors: Dobák Imre , Babos Sándor 
Published: February 2022

A biztonsági ágazat szereplői napjainkra már széles körben alkalmazzák a biztonságtudatosítás, internet világához és a digitális platformokhoz illesztett megoldásait, amelyek folyamatos fejlődésen mennek keresztül. Számos kutatás ismertette az IKT-eszközök és az e-learning-megoldások meghatározó szerepét, amelyek mellett azonban számos területen (különösen a biztonsági területeken) a közvetlen, személyes megoldások továbbra is kiemelt jelentőséggel bírnak. Ennek okai között jelennek meg, hogy az IKT-környezet már önmagában is a biztonságtudatosítás és az információbiztonság vizsgálati területeként jelenik meg (gondoljunk csak az online oktatással párhuzamosan felerősödő, kibertérből érkező veszélyekre, kihívásokra). A tanulmány a biztonságtudatosítási programok belső tartalmától, irányultságától függetlenül kívánja áttekinteni és tipizálni a napjainkban látható megoldásokat, előtérbe helyezve a 21. századi digitális platformok még hatékonyabb alkalmazásának kérdéskörét, valamint a fiatalabb generációkat is megszólító megoldások fejlődését. A hagyományos biztonságtudatosítási módszerek mellett a kibertérben való aktív részvétel (interakció), a speciális csoportok megszólításának lehetősége, valamint a programok tervezésekor figyelembe veendő módszertani szempontok feltárása olyan területek, amelyek kutatásra érdemesek.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI PENEMUAN DAN TATALAKSANA PNEUMONIA PADA PROGRAM INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAPASAN AKUT DI PUSKESMAS CIAMPEA TAHUN 2020
Authors: Khodijah Siti , Syari Wirda , Raharyanti Fenny 
Published: February 2022

Pada tahun 2017 pneumonia menjadi penyebab kematian terbanyak kedua di Indonesia dan pada tahun 2018 sebanyak 16% kematian anak disebabkan karena pneumonia. Penemuan pneumonia secara dini menjadi salah satu cara untuk menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian akibat pneumonia. Diketahui Kabupaten Bogor pada tingkat provinsi Jawa Barat menempati posisi ke empat cakupan penemuan pneumonia terendah sebanyak 27,14% dan pada tahun 2020 diketahui cakupan penemuan pneumonia di Puskesmas Ciampea belum mencapai target. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis implementasi penemuan dan tatalaksana pneumonia pada program pengendalian ISPA di Puskesmas Ciampea. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan Rapid Assessment Procedure dan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling yang terdiri dari informan kunci, informan inti dan informan pendukung serta menggunakan instrumen penelitian yaitu wawancara mendalam terstruktur, observasi dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa sumber daya manusia yang menangani pneumonia belum mendapatkan pelatihan tatalaksana pneumonia. Proses implementasi kegiatan penemuan kasus pneumonia sudah dilakukan dengan baik dan untuk proses tatalaksana pneumonia tahapan yang sudah dilakukan dengan baik yaitu menilai anak batuk atau kesukaran bernapas, mengklasifikasi pneumonia dan tindakan, menentukan pengobatan dan rujukan, memberi tindak lajut, pencatatan dan pelaporan, serta pemantauan. Sedangkan tahapan yang belum dijalankan dengan baik yaitu memberi konseling kepada ibu dan evaluasi yang belum dijalankan. Capaian cakupan penemuan pneumonia di Puskesmas Ciampea masih belum memenuhi target cakupan yaitu 34,05% dari target 90%. Disarankan untuk pihak Puskesmas menjalin kerja sama dengan tokoh masyarakat dan tokoh agama bukan hanya dengan kader semata serta mengoptimalkan kerja sama dengan jejaring di wilayah kerjanya.
Konseling Pranikah Dalam Meredukasi Budaya Pernikahan Dini
Authors: Angraini Dita , Nelisma Yuliana , Silvianetri Silvianetri , Fajri Efa Yuli 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pernikahan dini banyak terjadi di berbagai penjuru dunia dengan berbagai latar belakang. Masalah pernikahan usia dini ini merupakan kegagalan dalam perlindungan hak anak. Dengan demikian diharapkan semua pihak termasuk dokter anak, akan meningkatkan kepedulian dalam menghentikan praktek pernikahan dini, Konseling pranikah bertujuan untuk membantu pasangan yang ingin menikah untuk memeriksa masalah-masalah yang belum terselesaikan di antara mereka, memperjelas nilai-nilai pribadi masing-masing, dan menyampaikan harapan yang ingin dicapai dalam hubungan pasangan demi meningkatkan peluang untuk sukses dalam hidup pernikahan. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan library research (Studi Pustaka). Peneliti telah meneliti subjek pencarian literatur. Peneliti juga mengunakan penelusuran literatur dari buku dan jurnal untuk menggali data, baik secara digital maupun manual. Literatur yang dibahas berkaitan dengan konseling pranikah dalam meredukasi budaya pernikahan dini.
Manajemen Pemberdayaan Bidang Ekonomi di Masjid Baitul Atieq
Authors: Hardianto Miksi , Rachmat Agus Zainal , Jasma Suardi 
Published: February 2022

Program ekonomi dan sosial pengurus masjid Baitul Atieq memberikan manfaat terhadap pemberdayaan ekonomi jamaah terutama saat pandemi covid-19 saat ini. Maka penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan tentang peranan manajemen Masjid Baitul Atieq dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi jamaah. Peneliti ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskrisptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang di gunakan menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik validasi menggunakan trianggulasi. Yakni trianggulasi waktu, trianggulasi subjek, dan trianggulasi teknik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengurus masjid Baitul Atieq telah memberikan kemudahan dan pemberdayaan ekonomi kepada jamaah berupa peminjaman modal uang 2 juta untuk 10 orang dan memberikan bibit ikan lele supaya jamaah bisa mengembangkan ternak ikan lele di rumah masing-masing.
Deep Feature Mining via the Attention-Based Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory Graph Convolutional Neural Network for Human Motor Imagery Recognition
Authors: Hou Yimin , Jia Shuyue , Lun Xiangmin , Zhang Shu , Chen Tao , Wang Fang , Lv Jinglei 
Published: February 2022

Recognition accuracy and response time are both critically essential ahead of building the practical electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain–computer interface (BCI). However, recent approaches have compromised either the classification accuracy or the responding time. This paper presents a novel deep learning approach designed toward both remarkably accurate and responsive motor imagery (MI) recognition based on scalp EEG. Bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) with the attention mechanism is employed, and the graph convolutional neural network (GCN) promotes the decoding performance by cooperating with the topological structure of features, which are estimated from the overall data. Particularly, this method is trained and tested on the short EEG recording with only 0.4 s in length, and the result has shown effective and efficient prediction based on individual and groupwise training, with 98.81% and 94.64% accuracy, respectively, which outperformed all the state-of-the-art studies. The introduced deep feature mining approach can precisely recognize human motion intents from raw and almost-instant EEG signals, which paves the road to translate the EEG-based MI recognition to practical BCI systems.
Effect of Grazing Exclusion and Rotational Grazing on Soil Aggregate Stability in Typical Grasslands in Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Dong Lei , Zheng Ying , Martinsen Vegard , Liang Cunzhu , Mulder Jan 
Published: February 2022

Soil aggregate is extremely important for soil health and sustainable land management. Overgrazing has caused serious degeneration of grassland in the past decades and how to restore the degraded soil through grazing management is urgently needed. In this research, we investigated effects of long-term grazing exclusion and short-term rotational grazing with different grazing intensities on aggregate stability in the upper 10 cm of soil at two grazing sites in Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia. Treatments included long-term (34 years) exclusion, moderate-term (21 years) exclusion, and continuous grazing at adjacent reference plots. In addition, effects of rotational grazing under different grazing intensity [i.e., no grazing (0 days/month), light grazing (3 days/month), moderate grazing (6 days/month) and high grazing (12 days/month)] were investigated after 5 years. Stability of aggregate fractions were determined using wet sieving. Our results showed that the stable aggregates fraction were significantly increased under grazing exclusion for both fine (0.25–1 mm) and coarse (1–2 mm) size fractions. At the rotational grazing site, stability of fine aggregates was significantly enhanced under grazing compared with no grazing, while there was little influence on stability of coarse aggregates. Our results showed that grazing exclusion significantly increased soil aggregate stability and the peak appeared in moderate-term exclusion, meanwhile, rotational grazing had little influence on aggregate stability. We suggest that rotational grazing rather than long-term grazing exclusion is a better way for soil aggregate stability and soil health, and current grazing prohibition policies may need to be adjusted.
Healthcare Workers’ Knowledge and Resource Availability for Care of Sickle Cell Disease in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Jonathan Agnes , Tutuba Hilda , Lloyd William , Ndunguru Joyce , Makani Julie , Ruggajo Paschal , Minja Irene K. , Balandya Emmanuel 
Published: February 2022

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a global public health priority due to its high morbidity and mortality. In Tanzania, SCD accounts for 7% of under-five mortality. Cost-effective interventions such as early diagnosis and linkage to care have been shown to prevent 70% of deaths but require knowledge among healthcare workers and availability of resources at health facilities. In Tanzania, data on these critical determinants are currently lacking.Objective: To assess healthcare workers’ knowledge and resource availability for care of SCD at health facilities in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Methodology: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2020 and February 2021 among 490 nurses and clinicians at Regional Referral Hospitals (Temeke, Amana, and Mwananyamala) and Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Data were collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire consisting of 13 knowledge questions (scored good knowledge if correct response in &gt;7) and an inventory check list to record available resources. Pearson’s χ2 was used to determine the association between level of knowledge and demographic factors. Multivariate logistic regression was used to ascertain the strength of associations. A two-tailed p-value &lt;0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results: Of the 490 participants (median age 28 years [IQR = 26–35]), only 25.1% had good knowledge on SCD. The odds of good knowledge was 82% lower in nurses than clinicians (AOR = 0.177; 95% CI: 0.090, 0.349; p &lt; 0.001); 95% lower in diploma than Master’s degree holders (AOR = 0.049; 95% CI: 0.008, 0.300; p = 0.001) and 4.6 times higher in those with 5–9 years than ≥10 years of experience (AOR = 4.564; 95% CI: 1.341, 15.525; p = 0.015). The regional-level hospitals lacked diagnostic tests and hydroxyurea therapy.Conclusion: There was general lack of knowledge on SCD among healthcare workers and limited availability of critical resources for the diagnosis and care of SCD, especially at regional-level hospitals. Efforts are needed for their improvement to enhance care to patients, thus reducing the morbidity and mortality due to SCD in Tanzania.