bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancing Healthcare Outcomes with AI: Predicting Hospital Readmissions in the USA
Authors: Haque Md Musa , Hossain Shah Foysal , Akter Sarmin , Islam Md Azharul , Ahmed Shahriar , Liza Irin Akter , Amin Md Al 
Published: January 2025

The issue of readmission rates in hospitals has been described as both a serious and perplexing problem in America's healthcare system. The high persistence of readmission rates underscores the urgent need for improvement in better tools and techniques for the forecasting and management of occurrences with efficiency. The chief objective of this research was to devise and ameliorate AI models that can effectively predict patient readmissions. Through machine learning and data analytics, this study worked toward developing tools that will highlight patients at a high risk of readmission, which can be targeted with interventions by healthcare providers. The hospital readmission dataset used in this study comprised a comprehensive collection of patient-related data aimed at understanding and predicting readmissions. The dataset was thereby developed using electronic health records which capture all clinical activities - diagnosis code treatment history, results of labs, and medication-related prescriptions. Demographic details related to patients will include: age, sex, and ethnic background - for contextualizing at the population level. This clinical information was complemented by unstructured data, such as clinical notes that give further detailed insight into patient conditions and advice on follow-up care. Several models were considered for classification tasks such as Random Forest Classifier, Logistic Regression, and XG-Boost Classifier. Some of the key metrics used to quantify the model's effectiveness included accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and ROC-AUC. Gradient Boosting had the highest scores on all four metrics and maximum accuracy and F1-score, showing the best all-rounded performance in prediction. Interpreting healthcare model outputs provides insightful predictions to inform clinical decisions. Care strategies have to be developed based on predictive insights and patient segmentation analysis to enhance the outcomes of patients. AI-driven insights will thus require a strategic approach to the integration of AI-driven models in the functioning of the hospital.
El precedente constitucional como fuente de derecho en el ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano
Authors: Del Pino Villa Fabian Gualberto , Suarez Venegas Ramiro Javier 
Published: January 2025

Introducción: la constitución del 2008 supuso un cambio en el sistema normativo de nuestro país, específicamente en las fuentes del derecho, pues a partir de entonces, la carta magna adquirió un papel preponderante en cuanto todos los otros cuerpos normativos de menor jerarquía deben guardar armonía con los principios positivados en la misma. Es en este escenario que se instituyó a la Corte Constitucional como órgano de control e interpretación normativa y a su vez, se reconoce el carácter vinculante de las decisiones emanadas por este órgano. Decisiones que reciben el nombre de precedente constitucional y que, al no encontrarse dentro de las fuentes del derecho descritas en el artículo 425 de la constitución ecuatoriana varios juristas han llegado a manifestar incluso que el precedente constitucional no constituye una fuente del derecho. Objetivos: esta investigación tiene por objetivo analizar al precedente constitucional de modo que podamos entender mejor su origen, características y diferenciarlas de otras figuras jurídicas parecidas, pero no iguales como es el caso de la jurisprudencia. Metodología: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, principalmente el método analítico, para determinar el orden del pensamiento, el deductivo para estudiar y analizar los conceptos generales del precedente constitucional, sus principales características y su naturaleza jurídica; el científico nos servirá para recopilar información fidedigna emitida por los doctrinarios; el método analítico-sintético que nos permita analizar conceptos, doctrina y jurisprudencia del precedente constitucional, y expresarlos en conceptos e ideas propias y finalmente, el método hermenéutico nos permitirá estudiar y analizar las normas positivas relacionadas al precedente, haremos un análisis cualitativo en virtud del particular carácter de las ciencias sociales como el derecho, y específicamente el derecho constitucional. Discusión: el precedente horizontal a su vez se divide en hetero vinculante y auto vinculante. La auto vinculatoriedad opera cuando el fundamento de una decisión judicial emitida por jueces de un tribunal obliga a los mismos jueces a resolver de la misma forma si es que tuviesen un caso similar en el futuro. La hetero vinculatoriedad en cambio significa que el fundamento de una decisión judicial que ha sido tomada por jueces que componen un cierto tribunal obliga a otros jueces del mismo tribunal a resolver de igual manera ante casos similares. Conclusiones: el análisis nos llevó a concluir que el precedente constitucional, además de ser una fuente normativa de carácter vinculante ostenta un rango constitucional, lo que la convierte en una valiosa herramienta para la práctica y ejercicio del derecho en el país. Área de estudio general: Derecho. Área de estudio específica: Derecho constitucional. Tipo de estudio: original.
Pusat Pelatihan Dan Pemberdayaan Nelayan Berkelanjutan Di Desa Kurau Bangka Tengah
Authors: Wulandari Mayang Resfelia , Arsa Rhaka Ananda 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pembangunan Gedung Pusat Pelatihan Dan Pemberdayaan Nelayan Berkelanjutan di Desa Kurau layak secara ekonomi berdasarkan parameter kelayakan menggunakan metode Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Internal Rate Of Return (IRR) dan Pay Back Period (PP). Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan data kuantitatif melalui survei dan analisis statistik untuk mengukur dampak pelatihan terhadap pendapatan dan keterampilan nelayan. Selain itu, kami juga menerapkan wawancara kualitatif dengan nelayan dan pemangku kepentingan lokal untuk memahami secara mendalam tantangan dan aspirasi mereka dalam konteks pembangunan berkelanjutan. Hasil penelitian terhadap kelayakan ekonomi pembangunan Gedung Pusat Pelatihan dan Pemberdayaan Nelayan Berkelanjutan di Desa Kurau berdasarkan efisiensi biaya transportasi adalah layak secara ekonomi. Hal ini didasarkan beberapa parameter, yaitu besar anggaran biaya pada pembangunan gedung Pusat Pelatihan dan Pemberdayaan Nelayan Berkelanjutan di Desa Kurau sebesar Rp. 2,294,977,000. Berdasarkan analisis Kelayakan Proyek gedung Pusat Pelatihan dan Pemberdayaan Nelayan Berkelanjutan di Desa Kurau pada Net Present Value dengan suku bunga 5% mendapatkan hasil Rp 637,409,603 dan suku bunga 10% mendapatkan Rp 232,360,525, Internal Rate of Return diperoleh nilai sebesar 8,6%, dan Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) menghasilkan nilai sebesar 1,27. Hasil nilai yang didapatkan dinyatakan layak berdasarkan analisis kelayakannya, maka dari itu proyek gedung Pusat Pelatihan dan Pemberdayaan Nelayan Berkelanjutan dapat menguntungkan apabila dilanjutkan. Dalam perhitungan Payback Period, didapat hasil 2 maka dalam jangka waktu selama 2 tahun modal investasi dari proyek gedung Pusat Pelatihan dan Pemberdayaan Nelayan Berkelanjutan dapat dikembalikan.
A methodological scoping review on EMG processing and synergy-based results in muscle synergy studies in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Lanzani Valentina , Brambilla Cristina , Scano Alessandro 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionParkinson’s Disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world. It affects mainly people over 65 and the incidence increases with age. It is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms and several clinical manifestations. The most evident symptom that affects all patients with Parkinson’s Disease is the impairment of motor control, including bradykinesia, tremor, joint rigidity, and postural instability. In the literature, it has been evaluated with muscle synergies, a well-known method for evaluating motor control at the muscular level. However, few studies are available and there is still a major gap to fill to exploit the potential of the method for assessing motor control in Parkinson’s Disease, both in the understanding of physiopathology and clinical practice.MethodsIn the light of understanding and fostering future developments for the field, in this review we initially screened 212 papers on Scopus and Web of Science and selected 15 of them to summarize the main features of investigations that employed muscle synergies to analyze patients with Parkinson’s Disease. We detailed the features of the screened papers by reporting the clinical findings, a detailed report of EMG processing choices and synergy-based results.ResultsWe found that synergistic control is in general altered in patients with Parkinson’s Disease, but it can improve if patients are subjected to pharmacological and rehabilitation therapies. Moreover, a further understanding of synergistic control in Parkinson’s patients is needed.DiscussionWe discuss the future developments in the field with a detailed assessment of the topic on the view of physicians, including the most promising lines of research for clinical practice and from the perspective of engineers, for methodological application of synergistic approaches.
Validation of the efficacy of the porous medium model in hemodynamic analysis of iliac vein compression syndrome
Authors: Wei Lingling , Hu Ke , Wang Jiaqiu , Zhang Shuang , Yang Xiaoxiao , Chen Yuanli , Li Chenshu , Lu Xinwu , Ye Kaichuang , Qiu Peng , Zhan Yanqing 
Published: January 2025

Iliac Vein Compression Syndrome (IVCS) is a common risk factor for deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities. The objective of this study was to investigate whether employing a porous medium model to simulate the compressed region of an iliac vein could improve the reliability and accuracy of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis outcomes of IVCS. Pre-operative Computed Tomography (CT) scan images of patients with IVCS were utilized to reconstruct models illustrating both the compression and collateral circulation of the iliac vein. A porous medium model was employed to simulate the compressed region of the iliac vein. The agreements of times to peak between discrete phase particles in CFD analysis and contrast agent particles in Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) were compared. Furthermore, comparisons were made between the CFD analysis results that incorporated the porous media and those that did not. The results revealed that in the CFD analysis incorporating the porous media model, more than 80% of discrete phase particles reached the inferior vena cava via collateral circulation. Additionally, the concentration variation curve of discrete phase particles demonstrated a high concordance rate of 92.4% compared to that obtained in DSA. In comparison to CFD analysis conducted without the porous medium model, the incorporation of the porous medium model resulted in a substantial decrease in blood flow velocity by 87.5% within the compressed region, a significant increase in pressure gradient of 141 Pa between the inferior vena cava and left iliac vein, and a wider distribution of wall shear stress exceeding 2.0 Pa in collateral vessels rather than in the compressed region. The study suggests that the introduction of a porous medium model improves the hemodynamic analysis of patients with IVCS, resulting in a closer alignment with clinical observations. This provides a novel theoretical framework for the assessment and treatment of patients with IVCS.
Neuropsychological outcome of indoor rehabilitation in post-COVID-19 condition—results of the PoCoRe study
Authors: Jöbges Michael , Tempfli Melanie , Kohl Christoph , Herrmann Christoph , Kelm Stefan , Kupferschmitt Alexa , Montanari Ida , Walter Nike , Suetfels Gerhard , Loew Thomas , Köllner Volker , Hinterberger Thilo 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundPost COVID-19 condition (PCC) is increasingly recognized as a debilitating condition characterized by persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Neuropsychological deficits, including cognitive impairments and fatigue, are prevalent in individuals with PCC. The PoCoRe study aimed to evaluate the burden of neuropsychological deficits in PCC patients undergoing multidisciplinary indoor rehabilitation and to describe possible changes in this symptomatology.MethodsThe PoCoRe study, a prospective, non-randomized, controlled longitudinal study, recruited PCC patients from six German indoor rehabilitation centers. Eligible participants underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessments at admission and discharge. Various measures were employed, including the fatigue scale for motor functioning and cognition (FSMC), the Test Battery for Attention (TAP) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).ResultsOut of the 1,086 recruited participants, a total of N = 701 participants were included in the main data analysis. The prevalence of fatigue on admission was high (84.6%) and decreased significantly by discharge (77.4%), with a mild effect size. Reaction times on the alertness subtest were abnormal in 70% of patients on admission and 50% on discharge. Sustained attention was abnormal in 55% of patients on admission, decreasing to 43% on discharge. These differences were significant with mild effect sizes. Furthermore, of the 27% of participants with pathological MoCA scores at admission, 63% improved to normative levels during rehabilitation, indicating a significant treatment effect (p ≤ 0.001). However, the MoCA demonstrated limited sensitivity in detecting attention deficits.ConclusionThe PoCoRe study highlights the high prevalence of neuropsychological deficits and fatigue in PCC patients, with notable improvements observed following multidisciplinary rehabilitation. Challenges remain in accurately identifying and addressing these deficits, underscoring the importance of comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and tailored rehabilitation interventions. Further research is warranted to optimize screening tools and enhance neuropsychological care for PCC patients in both rehabilitation and outpatient settings.
Retrospective analysis of amantadine response and predictive factors in intensive care unit patients with non-traumatic disorders of consciousness
Authors: Blum Corinna , Single Constanze , Laichinger Kornelia , Hofmann Anna , Rattay Tim W. , Adeyemi Kamaldeen , Riessen Reimer , Haap Michael , Häberle Helene , Ziemann Ulf , Mengel Annerose , Feil Katharina 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundDisorders of consciousness (DoC) in non-traumatic ICU-patients are often treated with amantadine, although evidence supporting its efficacy is limited.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed non-traumatic DoC-patients treated with amantadine between January 2016 and June 2021. Data on patient demographics, clinical characteristics, treatment specifications, and outcomes were extracted from electronic medical records. Patients were classified as responders if their Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) improved by ≥3 points within 5 days. Good outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) of 0–2. Machine learning techniques were used to predict response to treatment.ResultsOf 442 patients (mean age 73.2 ± 10.7 years, 41.0% female), 267 (60.4%) were responders. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups, except that responders had lower baseline GCS (7 [IQR 5–9] vs. 8 [IQR 5–10], p = 0.030), better premorbid mRS (2 [IQR 1–2] vs. 2 [IQR 1–3], p &lt; 0.001) and fewer pathological cerebral imaging findings (45.7% vs. 61.1%, OR 0.56, 95% CI: 0.36–0.86, p = 0.008). Responders exhibited significantly lower mortality at discharge (13.5% vs. 27.4%, OR 0.41, 95% CI: 0.25–0.67, p &lt; 0.001) and follow-up (16.9% vs. 32.0%, OR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.24–0.77, p = 0.002). Good outcomes were more frequent in responders at follow-up (4.9% vs. 1.1%, OR 6.14, 95% CI: 1.35–28.01, p = 0.004). In multivariate analysis higher premorbid mRS (OR 0.719, 95% CI 0.590–0.875, p &lt; 0.001), pathological imaging results (OR 0.546, 95% CI 0.342–0.871, p = 0.011), and experiencing cardiac arrest (OR 0.542, 95% CI 0.307–0.954, p = 0.034) were associated with lower odds of response. Machine learning identified key predictors of response, with the Stacking Classifier achieving the highest performance (accuracy 64.5%, precision 66.6%, recall 64.5%, F1 score 61.3%).ConclusionThis study supports the potential benefits of intravenous amantadine in non-traumatic DOC-patients. Higher premorbid mRS, and pathological cerebral imaging were key predictors of non-response, offering potential avenues for patient selection and treatment customization. Findings from this study informed the design of our ongoing prospective study, which aims to further evaluate the long-term efficacy of amantadine.
High-fidelity immersive virtual reality environments for gait rehabilitation exergames
Authors: Schalbetter Laura , Grêt-Regamey Adrienne , Gutscher Fabian , Wissen Hayek Ulrike 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionVirtual reality (VR) used for healthcare, particularly through exergames, is promising for improving therapeutic outcomes. However, effectively engaging patients and providing realistic environments for everyday situations remain major challenges. The technical aspects of developing engaging VR applications for rehabilitation are largely unexplored. This research presents the development of a head-mounted display VR (HMD-VR) exergame for gait therapy. The novelty lies in the use of high-fidelity immersive environments implementing 3D geospatial data and motion to create targeted therapeutic applications that closely mimic reality while harnessing the environment’s restorative functions.MethodsWe integrated 3D point clouds from laser scans and geolocated ambisonic sound recordings into a game engine. We combined different techniques for user motion tracking, while we used point cloud manipulation for integrating specific training elements. Feedback on the quality of the HMD-VR exergame was received from the first implementations.ResultsOur methodology demonstrates the successful, highly realistic VR replication of restorative real-world environments using 3D point clouds and environmental sounds. We illustrate the adaptability of the environment for therapeutic use through manipulation of the 3D point cloud, facilitating customizable training difficulty levels while promoting immersive experiences. Participant feedback (sample size: 49 sessions) confirms the HMD-VR exergame’s applicability as a restorative experience (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06304077).DiscussionOur research introduces a pioneering HMD-VR game for gait rehabilitation, leveraging immersive VR environments grounded in the real world. This innovative approach offers new possibilities for efficient and effective rehabilitation interventions. Future studies will analyze effects on gait patterns across different environments and their restorative functions and evaluate the HMD-VR xergame in clinical settings.
Case report: Generalized granuloma annulare successfully treated with baricitinib in two cases
Authors: Yunoki Marina , Kondo Shumpei , Otsuka Masaki , Tokura Yoshiki 
Published: January 2025

Treatments are challenging in generalized granuloma annulare. We reported two cases of generalized granuloma annulare without diabetes mellitus; one exhibited non-annular papules and the other did patch/annular lesions. Since they were refractory to multiple treatments, we treated them with JAK inhibitor baricitinib at 2 mg daily. After 1–2-month treatment, they responded well to baricitinib with good tolerance. Given increased JAK1 signaling, high interferon-α and -γ production and macrophage activation in granuloma annulare, JAK inhibitors are considered to be a reasonable choice for recalcitrant generalized granuloma annulare. In addition to the reported cases, our two cases further support the effectiveness of JAK inhibitors for generalized granuloma annulare.
HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK DEMOGRAFI DENGAN KEPATUHAN PEMBATASAN CAIRAN PADA PASIEN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD) DENGAN HEMODIALISIS
Authors: Rafingah Siti , Suratmi Suratmi , Istiqomah Istiqomah 
Published: January 2025

Insiden CKD meningkat setiap tahun dan menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di seluruh dunia. Indonesian Renal Registry (IRR) melaporkan bahwa pada tahun 2018 sebanyak 36.975 jumlah penderita gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani dialysis. Hasil studi systematic review dan meta analisis Hills dkk(2016 )menunjukkan 13,4% penduduk dunia menderita CKD. Masalah utama pada pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis adalah kepatuhan dalam pembatasan asupan cairan yang dimanifestasikan dengan penambahan berat badan diantara dua waktu dialisis. Ada banyak faktor yang menyebabkan rendahnya kepatuhan pasien dialysis dalam restriksi konsumsi cairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi umur, Jenis Kelamin dan Pendidikan dengan kepatuhan pembatasan cairan pada pasien CKD dengan menggunakan metode descriptive corelative dengan rancangan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan purposive sampling sebanyak 106 responden. Analisis univariat dengan mayoritas dalam kategori umur dewasa madya (41-60 th) sebanyak 70 orang (66%), Jenis kelamin laki-laki 61 (57%), Pendidikan SMA 48 (45.3%). Uji Chi Square dengan nilai p value Umur : 0,013, Jenis kelamin 0,046 dan Pendidikan 0,196. Kesimpulan Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan umur, jenis kelamin dengan kepatuhan pembatasan cairan, sedangkan Pendidikan tidak berhubungan ( p value 0,196 > α 0,05.
Occurrence and habitat preference of wildanimal in T. A. Afolayan wildlife park, Nigeria
Authors: Adetola Bukola Omotomilola , Olaniyi Oluwatobi Emmanuel , Abifarin Adelayo Sunday 
Published: January 2025

Adequate knowledge of the occurrence and habitat preference of wild fauna species in an ecosystem is critical for taking stock of what is available and improving its effective management. This study was conducted at the T.A. Afolayan Wildlife Park in Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria. Data on population and species of animal in relation to the habitat where they are found was obtained using Camera trap, direct and indirect methods along the established transect in the park. Vegetation data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Shannon Werner Diversity Index (H). Result showed that six species of wild animals were observed which include tree squirrel (Paraxerus cepapi), maxwell duiker (Philantomba maxwellii), bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus), black cobra (Naja nigricollis), flat-headed cusimanse (Crossarchus platycephalus) and fresh water turtle (Pelusios species). Tree squirrel has a higher naïve occupancy (NO=1.00) while fresh water turtle the lowest naïve occupancy (NO=0.14). A total of 36 tree species belonging to 16 families were identified with Diversity index (H1) of 2.68, also Diversity index of 2.56 and 2.00 were recorded for open secondary forest and rock outcrop vegetation respectively. Maxwell duiker and bushbuck were encountered along the open secondary forest and degraded vegetation, tree squirrel were found in open secondary forest and the water turtle were found in Rock outcrop. The study has provided insight on the distribution of wild animal species in the park while recommending that the University administration should be proactive in the management of wildlife resources in their conservation area.