bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Never trust a stranger: Effects of explicit belief statements from strangers on children's reality status beliefs and beliefs about consensus
Authors: Dore Rebecca A. , Woolley Jacqueline , Nissel Jenny , Hixon John G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChildren learn about much of the world through testimony and may hear explicit belief statements (e.g., “I believe in God” or “climate change is real”) about entities whose existence is controversial. Prior research has shown that these statements, when spoken by a parent, influence children's beliefs about the reality status of the entity and their beliefs about societal consensus surrounding that reality status, in contrast to statements that only imply belief (e.g., “God lives in heaven”; Dore et al., 2019, Journal of Cognition and Development, 20, 35), suggesting that children are attuned to the nature of parental statements about reality. In the current study, we tested whether explicit versus implicit belief statements from strangers differentially affect children's beliefs. We followed procedures by Dore et al. (2019, Journal of Cognition and Development, 20, 35) but used strangers to provide testimony rather than parents. Results showed that explicit belief statements from strangers did not influence children's beliefs. This lack of an effect of explicit belief statements relative to implicit ones suggests that, despite being attuned to these statements when spoken by parents, children may not be attuned to explicit statements about reality that they hear from strangers. Although even very young children often learn words and other facts from unfamiliar speakers, these findings suggest that nuances perceived in parent speech about reality may not be picked up in the speech of strangers.
Deconstructing the liquid architecture of human herpesvirus 8 diseases
Authors: Polizzotto Mark N. 
Published: November 2022

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV‐8), also called Kaposi sarcoma herspesvirus (KSHV), causes several human tumours, which may be associated with systemic inflammation and body cavity effusions, including a form of multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) and a novel inflammatory syndrome, KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS). In this issue, Zhou et al. demonstrate that HHV‐8‐infected lambda‐restricted plasmablasts can be detected in these effusions and can be used to distinguish MCD from other HHV‐8 tumours as well as to categorise KICS into distinct clinicopathological groups. These findings open a path to an integrated clinicopathological approach to HHV‐8‐associated inflammatory diseases and may have clinical implications.Commentary on: Zhou et al. A novel approach for characterisation of KSHV‐associated multicentric Castleman disease from effusions. Br J Haematol 2023;200:462‐475.
The ‘virtuous’ cycle of parental empowerment: Partnering with parents to safeguard young people from exploitation
Authors: Hickle Kristine , Shuker Lucie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhen young people are sexually exploited, parents and professionals alike can feel uncertain about how to balance the need to protect the child's rights to agency and autonomy while also reducing the risk of harm. Despite the shared interest in keeping young people safe, there remains a substantial gap in the research literature about how practitioners engage parents to increase capacity to safeguard their children, particularly within the context of a child protection system ill‐equipped to address forms of extrafamilial harm such as child sexual exploitation. This paper aims to contribute to understanding how professionals effectively engage parents by drawing upon evidence from research evaluations of two programmes in rural/urban North and urban South locations in England, both providing specialist support to parents/carers of sexually exploited children and young people. Through interrogating elements of effective support work evidenced across both programmes, a set of emerging key themes are presented, proposing that parent support and engagement can create a ‘virtuous’ cycle, whereby families are strengthened and are better able to protect their children from sexual exploitation and other forms of extrafamilial harm.
The use of carvone in consecutive patch testing
Authors: Enberg Johanna , Hamnerius Nils , Kroona Liv , Svedman Cecilia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCarvone (l‐carvone) is a mint‐tasting flavour additive that most of us is exposed to and can cause allergic contact reactions.ObjectivesTo analyse the frequency and the relevance of positive carvone reactions in a dermatitis population.MethodA retrospective analysis of dermatitis patients consecutively tested with carvone from 2017 to 2021. Data were retrieved from the department's patch‐test database.ResultsOf 3554 patients tested with carvone, 28 (0.79%) had a positive reaction. Carvone‐positive patients had higher mean age, were significantly more likely female (p < 0.001) and had often an intraoral/lip involvement (p < 0.001). In the carvone‐positive group, 50% (n = 14) had a relevant reaction, and in 4 of 14, the relevance was first revealed after test reading. Of the carvone‐positive patients, 18 of 28 did not have a coexisting allergy to a fragrance/flavour allergen and of these 44% had a relevant allergy.ConclusionsThe study suggests that a significant fraction of relevant carvone contact allergies may be overlooked if the allergen is not tested. Furthermore, as the exposure is widespread, inclusion of carvone in the Swedish baseline series may be justified even if the contact allergy prevalence is below 1%.
Understanding the What and When of Analogical Reasoning Across Analogy Formats: An Eye‐Tracking and Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Thibaut Jean‐Pierre , Glady Yannick , French Robert M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStarting with the hypothesis that analogical reasoning consists of a search of semantic space, we used eye‐tracking to study the time course of information integration in adults in various formats of analogies. The two main questions we asked were whether adults would follow the same search strategies for different types of analogical problems and levels of complexity and how they would adapt their search to the difficulty of the task. We compared these results to predictions from the literature. Machine learning techniques, in particular support vector machines (SVMs), processed the data to find out which sets of transitions best predicted the output of a trial (error or correct) or the type of analogy (simple or complex). Results revealed common search patterns, but with local adaptations to the specifics of each type of problem, both in terms of looking‐time durations and the number and types of saccades. In general, participants organized their search around source‐domain relations that they generalized to the target domain. However, somewhat surprisingly, over the course of the entire trial, their search included, not only semantically related distractors, but also unrelated distractors, depending on the difficulty of the trial. An SVM analysis revealed which types of transitions are able to discriminate between analogy tasks. We discuss these results in light of existing models of analogical reasoning.
Features of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy‐diagnosed fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Authors: Zhan Xi , Du Yingzhen , Luo Jiang , Que Yifan , Hu Chao , Xu Lili , Wang Zhen , Wu Yanbing , Jin Mulan , Zheng Chunming , Gao Yanhong , Chang Christopher , Li Hongxia , Tong Zhaohui , Xu Guogang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundHypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a common type among all the interstitial lung diseases, and transbronchial lung cryobiopsy is an alternative diagnostic technique for interstitial lung diseases. In this study, we describe the clinical and pathological features of fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis diagnosed with transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC).MethodsA total of 46 diffused parenchyma lung disease (DPLD) patients received TBLC were included in this study. Medical records including medical history spirometry examinations, 6‐min walk test (6MWT) results, high resolution computed tomographic (HRCT) scans, BAL, and histopathology were collected. Results of HRCT and histopathology were compared and classified, especially.ResultsSixteen patients were diagnosed with fibrotic HP, the mean age of whom was 56.3 ± 12.1 years, and 62.5% of them were male. Three of the 16 patients had been misdiagnosed as tuberculosis and received antituberculosis medications, five patients had been diagnosed as unclassifiable pulmonary fibrosis, and five patients had been diagnosed as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Thirteen (81.3%) patients had a normal lymphocyte count in BAL. The pathological features of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) were detected in 11 (68.8%) of the cases, poor defined granulomatous was detected in nine (56.3%) of the cases, and bronchiolocentric fibrosis was detected in two (12.5%) of the 16 cases.ConclusionsFibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis should be included in differential diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis. Pathological characteristics of fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis could be demonstrated from cryobiopsy lung tissue. TBLC is recommended as an alternative diagnostic technique, which may improve the specificity of hypersensitivity pneumonia detection, and UIP is the most frequent pathological finding.
Influence of donor and recipient sex on outcomes following simultaneous pancreas–kidney transplantation in the new millennium: Single‐center experience and review of the literature
Authors: Coffman David , Jay Colleen L. , Sharda Berjesh , Garner Matthew , Farney Alan C. , Orlando Giuseppe , Reeves‐Daniel Amber , Mena‐Gutierrez Alejandra , Sakhovskaya Natalia , Stratta Robert , Stratta Robert J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe influence of sex on outcomes following simultaneous pancreas–kidney transplantation (SPKT) in the modern era is uncertain.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 255 patients undergoing SPKT from 11/2001 to 8/2020. Cases were stratified according to donor (D) sex, recipient (R) sex, 4 D/R sex categories, and D/R sex‐matched versus mismatched.ResultsD‐male was associated with slightly higher patient (p = .08) and kidney (p = .002) but not pancreas (p = .23) graft survival rates (GSR) compared to D‐female. There were no differences in recipient outcomes other than slightly higher pancreas thrombosis (8% R‐female vs. 4.2% R‐male, p = .28) and early relaparotomy rates in female recipients (38% R‐female vs. 29% R‐male, p = .14). When analyzing the 4 D/R sex categories, the two D‐male groups had higher kidney GSRs compared to the two D‐female groups (p = .01) whereas early relaparotomy and pancreas thrombosis rates were numerically higher in the D‐female/R‐female group compared to the other three groups. Finally, there were no significant differences in outcomes between sex‐matched and sex‐mismatched groups although overall survival outcomes were lower with female donors irrespective of recipient sex.ConclusionsThe influence of D/R sex following SPKT is subject to multiple confounding issues but survival rates appear to be higher in D‐male/R‐male and lower in D‐female/R‐male categories.
Detection of colorectal adenomas with texture and color enhancement imaging: Multicenter observational study
Authors: Sakamoto Taku , Ikematsu Hiroaki , Tamai Naoto , Mizuguchi Yasuhiko , Takamaru Hiroyuki , Murano Tatsuro , Shinmura Kensuke , Sasabe Maasa , Furuhashi Hiroto , Sumiyama Kazuki , Saito Yutaka 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the efficacy of texture and color enhancement imaging (TXI), which allows the acquisition of brighter images with enhanced color and surface structure in colorectal polyp detection compared to white light imaging.MethodsPatients who underwent colonoscopy with repeated ascending colon observation using TXI and white light imaging between August 2020 and January 2021 were identified in three institutions. The outcomes included the mean number of adenomas detected per procedure (MAP), adenoma detection rate (ADR), and ascending colonic adenoma miss rate (Ac‐AMR). Logistic regression was used to determine the effects of the variables on the outcomes.ResultsWe included 1043 lesions from 470 patients in the analysis. The MAP, ADR, flat polyp detection rate, and Ac‐AMR in TXI and white light imaging were 1.5% (95% confidence interval 1.3–1.6%) vs. 1.0% (0.9–1.1%), 58.2% (51.7–64.6%) vs. 46.8% (40.2–53.4%), 66.2% (59.8–72.2%) vs. 49.8% (43.2–56.4%), and 17.9% (12.1–25.2%) vs. 28.2% (20.0–37.6%), respectively. TXI, age, withdrawal time, and endoscopy type were identified as significant factors affecting the MAP and the ADR using multivariate regression analysis.ConclusionsOur study indicates that TXI improve the detection of colorectal neoplastic lesions. However, prospective randomized trials are required to confirm these findings.
Cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the adult telencephalon of the newt Cynops pyrrhogaster
Authors: Iwasa Ami , Hanaoka Naoki , Ohwada Kosuke , Iwamuro Shawichi , Toyoda Fumiyo , Kikuyama Sakae , Hasunuma Itaru 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUrodele amphibians have the ability to regenerate several organs, including the brain. For this reason, the research on neurogenesis in these species after ablation of some parts of the brain has markedly progressed. However, detailed information on the characteristics and fate of proliferated cells as well as the function of newly generated neurons under normal conditions is still limited. In this study, we focused on investigating the proliferative and neurogenic zones as well as the fate of proliferated cells in the adult brain of the Japanese red‐bellied newt to clarify the significance of neurogenesis in adulthood. We found that the proximal region of the lateral ventricles in the telencephalon and the preoptic area in the diencephalon were the main sites for continuous cell proliferation in the adult brain. Furthermore, we characterized proliferative cells and analyzed neurogenesis through a combination of 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (EdU) labeling and immunohistochemistry using antibodies against the stem cell marker Sox2 and neuronal marker NeuN. Twenty‐four hours after EdU injection, most of the EdU‐positive cells were Sox2‐immunopositive, whereas, EdU‐positive signals and NeuN‐immunoreactivities were not colocalized. Two months after EdU injection, the colocalization ratio of EdU‐positive signals with Sox2‐immunoreactivities decreased to approximately 10%, whereas the ratio of colocalization of EdU‐positive signals with NeuN‐immunoreactivities increased to approximately 60%. Furthermore, a portion of the EdU‐incorporated cells developed into γ‐aminobutyric acid‐producing cells, which are assumed to function as interneurons. On the basis of these results, the significance of newly generated neurons was discussed with special reference to their reproductive behavior.
Producing a preference‐based quality of LIFE measure to quantify the impact of HYPOGLYCAEMIA on people living with diabetes: A mixed‐methods research protocol
Authors: Carlton Jill , Powell Philip , Rowen Donna , Broadley Melanie , Pouwer Frans , Speight Jane , Heller Simon , Gall Mari‐Anne , Rosilio Myriam , Child Christopher J. , Comins Jonathan , McCrimmon Rory J. , de Galan Bastiaan , Brazier John ,   Hypo‐RESOLVE CONSORTIUM
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAssessment of patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs), including quality of life (QoL), is essential in diabetes research and care. However, a recent review concluded that current hypoglycaemia‐specific PROMs have limited evidence of validity, reliability and responsiveness for assessing the impact of hypoglycaemia on QoL in people living with diabetes. None of the PROMs identified could be used directly to inform the cost‐effectiveness of treatments and interventions. There is a need for a new hypoglycaemia‐specific QoL PROM, which can be used directly to inform economic evaluations.AimsThis project has three aims: (a) To develop draft PROM content for measuring the impact of hypoglycaemia on QoL in adults with diabetes. (b) To refine the draft content using cognitive debriefing interviews and psychometrics. This will result in a condition‐specific PROM that can be used to quantify the impact of hypoglycaemia upon QoL. (c) To generate a preference‐based measure (PBM) that will enable utility values to be calculated for economic evaluation.MethodsA mixed‐methods, three‐stage design is used: (a) Qualitative interviews will inform the draft PROM content. (b) Cognitive debriefing interview data will be used to refine the draft PROM content. The PROM will be administered in a large‐scale survey to enable psychometric validation. Final item selection for the PROM will be informed by psychometric performance, translatability assessment and input from stakeholder groups. (c) A classification system will be generated, comprising a reduced number of items from the PROM. A valuation survey will be conducted to derive a value set for the PBM.
Metabolic predictors of pain, fatigue, depression and quality of life in people with long‐term type 1 diabetes—the Dialong study
Authors: Molvær Anne Karin , Iversen Marjolein M. , Igland Jannicke , Peyrot Mark , Tell Grethe S. , Holte Kristine Bech , Monnier Vincent M. , Seljeflot Ingebjørg , Berg Tore Julsrud 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimTo examine associations of metabolic parameters (mean 30 years' time‐weighted HbA1c and low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol [LDL‐c], current methionine sulfoxide [MetSO], advanced glycation end products [AGEs], inflammatory markers and hypoglycaemia) with pain, fatigue, depression and quality of life (QoL) in people with long‐term type 1 diabetes.MethodsA total of 104 persons with type 1 diabetes ≥45 years duration were included. Participants completed questionnaires measuring bodily pain (RAND‐36 bodily pain domain with lower scores indicate higher levels of bodily pain), fatigue (Fatigue Questionnaire), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire), overall QoL (World Health Organization Quality of Life—BREF) and diabetes‐related QoL (Audit of Diabetes‐Dependent Quality of Life). In this observational study, mean time‐weighted HbA1c and LDL‐c were calculated based on longitudinal measures obtained from medical records of up to 34 years, while current HbA1c, LDL‐c and inflammatory markers were analysed in blood samples and collagen MetSO and AGEs in skin biopsies. History of hypoglycaemia was self reported. Associations between metabolic parameters and questionnaire scores were analysed using linear regression analyses and are reported as standardized regression coefficients (beta).ResultsOf the metabolic variables, higher mean time‐weighted HbA1c was associated with higher levels of bodily pain and total fatigue (beta [p‐value]) −0.3 (<0.001) and 0.2 (0.001).ConclusionsLong‐term chronic hyperglycaemia may have a negative influence on pain and fatigue in people with type 1 diabetes. These results may assist health care workers in emphasizing the importance of strict glycaemic control in people with diabetes and identifying and treating type 1 diabetes‐related pain and fatigue.
Centris pallida(Hymenoptera: Apidae) male body size decreases across five decades
Authors: Barrett Meghan , Johnson Meredith G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHistorical data suggest that many bee species have declined in body size. Larger‐bodied bees with narrow phenological and dietary breadth are most prone to declines in body size over time. This may be especially true in solitary, desert‐adapted species that are vulnerable to climate change such asCentris pallida(Hymenoptera: Apidae). In addition, body size changes in species with size‐linked behaviours could threaten the prevalence of certain behavioural phenotypes long‐term.C. pallidasolitary bees are found in the Sonoran Desert. Males use alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) and are dimorphic in both morphology and behaviour.C. pallidamale body size has been studied since the 1970s in the same population. The authors collected body size data in 2022 and combined it with published records from 1974–2022. The authors find a persistent decline in the mean head width of patrolling males, and shifts towards smaller body sizes in the populations of males found foraging and hovering. Both morphs declined in average body size, and the proportion of large‐morph males in the population decreased by 8%. Mating males did not decline in mean body size over the last five decades. The authors discuss hypotheses related to the decline inC. pallidamale head width. Finally, the authors advocate forC. pallidaas an excellent study system for understanding the stability of ARTs with size‐linked behavioural phenotypes.
Cost‐effectiveness of recombinant factor VIII Fc versus emicizumab for prophylaxis in adults and adolescents with haemophilia A without inhibitors in the UK
Authors: Kragh Nana , Tytula Anna , Pochopien Michał , Aballéa Samuel , Toumi Mondher , Hakimi Zalmai , Nazir Jameel , Bystrická Linda , Fatoye Francis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe economic and clinical burden of haemophilia A is high. Primary prophylaxis with factor VIII replacement therapy is the recognised standard of care, but the emergence of non‐factor therapies, such as emicizumab, is extending treatment options for people with haemophilia A.AimThere are currently no direct comparisons of efficacy or cost between recombinant factor FVIII Fc‐fusion protein efmoroctocog alfa (a recombinant factor FVIII Fc‐fusion protein referred to herein as rFVIIIFc) and emicizumab; therefore, a cost‐effectiveness model was developed to compare prophylactic treatment with rFVIIIFc versus emicizumab in patients with haemophilia A without inhibitors in the UK.MethodsThe cost‐effectiveness model was based on a matching‐adjusted indirect comparison and included male patients, aged ≥12 years, with haemophilia A without inhibitors. The model was designed as a Markov process with a flexible lifelong time horizon, and cost‐effectiveness was presented as an incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio. Base‐case analysis and sensitivity analyses (including scenario analyses, one‐way deterministic sensitivity analysis [DSA] and probability sensitivity analysis [PSA]) were performed using the following treatment strategies: individualised prophylaxis with rFVIIIFc and prophylaxis with emicizumab administered once weekly (scenario analyses used regimens of once every 2 weeks or once every 4 weeks).ResultsBase‐case analysis, DSA and PSA indicated that, compared with emicizumab administered once weekly, rFVIIIFc individualised prophylaxis was the dominant treatment strategy, with lower costs, a greater number of quality‐adjusted life years, and a lower number of bleeds.ConclusionsrFVIIIFc has proven efficacy and is cost‐effective compared with emicizumab, providing clinicians with a viable treatment option to improve the health outcomes for adults and adolescents with haemophilia A in the UK.
Challenging neoliberal sport: Skateboarding as a resilient cultural practice
Authors: Gazeres Rhys 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper argues that research on sporting cultures can illuminate wider debates over the power relations materialised through the fields of cultural practice. Specifically, as neoliberalism has spread across the social realm, sport has come to mirror and reinforce its logics, placing emphasis on individualised competition and ultimately contributing to the reproduction of neoliberal hegemony more generally. Within this, however, alternative movement‐based practices have emerged that show resilience to this process, offering alternative futures and new ways of being that are not organised by injustice. This paper examines the case of resilience within skateboarding, a cultural practice that champions participation and community values despite its ongoing incorporation into the neoliberal sport system.