bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myokine Response to Blood-Flow Restricted Resistance Exercise in Younger and Older Males in an Untrained and Resistance-Trained State: A Pilot Study
Authors: Cordingley Dean M. , Anderson Judy E. , Cornish Stephen M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the response of myokines to blood-flow restricted resistance-exercise (BFR-RE) in younger and older males before and after completing a 12-week resistance-training program.

Methods
There were 8 younger (24.8 ± 3.9 yrs) and 7 older (68.3 ± 5.0 yrs) untrained male participants completed this study. Anthropometric and maximal strength (1RM) measurements were collected before and after a 12-week, supervised, progressive full-body resistance-training program. As well, an acute bout of full-body BFR-RE was performed with venipuncture blood samples collected before and immediately following the BFR-RE, followed by sampling at 3, 6, 24 and 48 h.

Results
The 12-week training program stimulated a 32.2% increase in average strength and 30% increase in strength per kg of fat free mass. The response of particular myokines to the acute bout of BFR-RE was influenced training status (IL-4, untrained = 78.1 ± 133.2 pg/mL vs. trained = 59.8 ± 121.6 pg/mL, P = 0.019; IL-7, untrained = 3.46 ± 1.8 pg/mL vs. trained = 2.66 ± 1.3 pg/mL, P = 0.047) or both training and age (irisin, P = 0.04; leukemia inhibitory factor, P < 0.001). As well, changes in strength per kg of fat free mass were correlated with area under the curve for IL-4 (r = 0.537; P = 0.039), IL-6 (r = 0. 525; P = 0.044) and LIF (r = − 0.548; P = 0.035) in the untrained condition.

Conclusion
This study identified that both age and training status influence the myokine response to an acute bout of BFR-RE with the release of IL-4, IL-6 and LIF in the untrained state being associated with changes in strength per kg of fat free mass.
Circular Economy and Supply Chains: Definitions, Conceptualizations, and Research Agenda of the Circular Supply Chain Framework
Authors: Montag Laura 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
Circular supply chain management (CSCM) incorporates circular thinking — based on the circular economy paradigm — into supply chain management. In the last 5 years, this emerging research field has developed at a rapid pace and, as a result, has attracted great interest from researchers, policy-makers, and practitioners. As there are few studies on the theoretical conceptualization of the circular supply chain (CSC), especially on its definition, this paper aims to fill this gap and to provide conceptual transparency for the CSC framework. The main research question is “What are the current understandings among scholars of the CSC concept and CSCM framework?”.

Method
To answer this question, a systematic literature review was conducted based on the Web of Science and Scopus databases. This was followed by a bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer and a comprehensive content analysis of the literature.

Results
The bibliometric analysis provided an overview of CSC evolution and identified three temporal, thematic clusters. The content analysis identified 127 articles that explicitly mention the term CSC(M). Of these, seventeen articles provide explicit definitions that were thoroughly analyzed and categorized. Following this, six archetypal elements of the CSC and four propositions on the CSC’s uniqueness were formulated.

Conclusion
The CSC research field is evolving rapidly. Its differentiation from other sustainability-related fields is sometimes not clear, and definitions and conceptualizations vary in detail, scope, and focus.

Contributions
This study contributes to the CSC literature and provides transparency for the conceptualization and understanding of CSC. For both theory and practice, an agenda for future research opportunities is identified, which supports the further development of this research field.
Thought Experiments, Semantic Intuitions and the Overlooked Interpretative Procedure
Authors: Sękowski Krzysztof 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the paper I introduce and discuss the interpretative procedure; a stage of investigation in thought experiments in which it is determined which states of affairs are genuine realizations of the described story. I show how incorporating the interpretative procedure to the reconstruction of a certain kind of thought experiments, i.e., the method of cases, provides a solution to the so-called problem of deviant realizations. According to this problem it is hard to formulate the logical structure of the method of cases that excludes far-fetched interpretations of a particular thought experiment's description that are inconsistent with the expected conclusion of the experiment. As I show, if we agree that the interpretative procedure precedes the act of establishing whether the thing which is at issue (e.g., knowledge) appears within a certain state of affairs, deviant realizations could be ruled out, since within interpretative procedure we establish the set of states of affairs that are compatible with the intentions of the author of the thought experiment. In the paper I provide a general explanation of how this task could be fulfilled by semantic intuitions and discuss their contextual dependence.
The only thing that can stop bad causal inference is good causal inference
Authors: Rohrer Julia M. , Schmukle Stefan C. , McElreath Richard 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn psychology, causal inference – both the transport from lab estimates to the real world and estimation on the basis of observational data – is often pursued in a casual manner. Underlying assumptions remain unarticulated; potential pitfalls are compiled in post-hoc lists of flaws. The field should move on to coherent frameworks of causal inference and generalizability that have been developed elsewhere.
The call for ecological validity is right but missing perceptual idiosyncrasies is wrong
Authors: Qu-Lee Jennie , Balcetis Emily 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough psychology has long professed that perception predicts action, the strength of the evidence supporting the statement depends on the ecological validity of the technologies and paradigms used, particularly those that track eye movements, supporting Cesario's argument. While right to call for ecological validity, Cesario's model fails to account for individual differences in visual experience perceivers have when presented with the same stimulus.
Management of post-operative ventilator dependency in an operated case of tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve: a team approach involving cardiac surgeon, cardiologist, intensivist, and radiologist
Authors: Pota Abhay , Biyani Garima , Misri Amit 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve syndrome is commonly associated with trachea-bronchial anomalies, possibly due to airway compression caused by massively dilated pulmonary arteries secondary to severe pulmonary regurgitation. This airway obstruction may persist post-operatively also. We report a case of an infant who required a series of management strategies including bronchial stenting to manage his obstructive symptoms.
Major aortopulmonary collateral arteries in association with atrioventricular septal defect with balanced ventricles and trisomy 21
Authors: Makkar Nupur N. , Raymundo Stephanie A. , Gallotti Roberto G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA major aortopulmonary collateral artery is a rare and easily missed diagnosis that is usually associated with Tetralogy of Fallot or pulmonary atresia. We present two cases of major aortopulmonary collaterals associated with trisomy 21 and atrioventricular septal defect with balanced ventricles in which the diagnosis went undetected until after initial cardiac repair.
Turkish abstractive text summarization using pretrained sequence-to-sequence models
Authors: Baykara Batuhan , Güngör Tunga 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe tremendous amount of increase in the number of documents available on the Web has turned finding the relevant piece of information into a challenging, tedious, and time-consuming activity. Accordingly, automatic text summarization has become an important field of study by gaining significant attention from the researchers. Lately, with the advances in deep learning, neural abstractive text summarization with sequence-to-sequence (Seq2Seq) models has gained popularity. There have been many improvements in these models such as the use of pretrained language models (e.g., GPT, BERT, and XLM) and pretrained Seq2Seq models (e.g., BART and T5). These improvements have addressed certain shortcomings in neural summarization and have improved upon challenges such as saliency, fluency, and semantics which enable generating higher quality summaries. Unfortunately, these research attempts were mostly limited to the English language. Monolingual BERT models and multilingual pretrained Seq2Seq models have been released recently providing the opportunity to utilize such state-of-the-art models in low-resource languages such as Turkish. In this study, we make use of pretrained Seq2Seq models and obtain state-of-the-art results on the two large-scale Turkish datasets, TR-News and MLSum, for the text summarization task. Then, we utilize the title information in the datasets and establish hard baselines for the title generation task on both datasets. We show that the input to the models has a substantial amount of importance for the success of such tasks. Additionally, we provide extensive analysis of the models including cross-dataset evaluations, various text generation options, and the effect of preprocessing in ROUGE evaluations for Turkish. It is shown that the monolingual BERT models outperform the multilingual BERT models on all tasks across all the datasets. Lastly, qualitative evaluations of the generated summaries and titles of the models are provided.
Numerical Simulation of Thaw Settlement and Permafrost Changes at Three Sites Along the Qinghai‐Tibet Engineering Corridor in a Warming Climate
Authors: Sun Zhe , Zhao Lin , Hu Guojie , Zhou Huayun , Liu Shibo , Qiao Yongping , Du Erji , Zou Defu , Xie Changwei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThaw settlement caused by permafrost degradation has great impacts on engineering infrastructure, hydrological cycles and ecosystems in recent decades under climate warming. We combined the moving‐grid method (Lagrangian method) with the heat conduction equation to develop a new moving‐grid permafrost model. Our model takes into account not only the cryostratigraphy of permafrost, but also the thaw settlement. We used the model to simulate the thaw settlement and the permafrost changes at the three sites along the Qinghai‐Tibet Engineering Corridor from 1966 to 2018. The monitoring of the ground temperature and the geodetic leveling in situ were used for model validation. The results show that our model can accurately reproduce the observed interannual thaw settlement and ground temperature fields. The risk of thawing settlement in ice‐rich permafrost regions in the zero‐temperature‐gradient stage is high.
Particle Sorting in Scree Slopes: Characterization and Interpretation From the Micromechanical Perspective
Authors: Dai Bei‐Bing , Wu Fan‐Yu , Zhong Wei‐Tao , Shi Yi‐Hao , Qin Jin‐Tao , Yang Jia‐Jun , Yang Jun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractParticle sorting is one of the most interesting phenomena observed in the formation of scree slopes. We present a study of this phenomenon through physical model tests and numerical simulations at the grain scale, with a focus on the link between the degree of sorting and particle attributes, as well as the underlying mechanisms. By characterizing the degree of sorting with the graphic segregation index, we show that the degree of sorting increases as the difference in particle size and shape between the component materials of the deposited mixture increases. We propose two factors, the relative size factor (SFr) and relative shape factor (ORr), and show that the degree of sorting increases with the absolute values of these two factors (|SFr| and |ORr|). By monitoring the motions of tracer particles in the numerical simulations, we found that particle migration proceeds in a periodical mode of "collision/friction ⇌ regaining ⇌ collision/friction." Also, we performed energy analyses, revealing that relatively large and rounded particles tend to have a lower rate of kinetic energy dissipation, migrate at a higher velocity over a longer period of time, and have a larger migration distance. In addition, we define a relative kinetic energy dissipation rate |Dk_r| and find that it is positively correlated with |SFr| and |ORr|; the discrepancy in particle size and shape between the component materials is responsible for the difference in their kinetic energy dissipation rates, and it is the latter that determines their migration distance difference and sorting features.
Intra‐Specific Variability in Plant Hydraulic Parameters Inferred From Model Inversion of Sap Flux Data
Authors: Lu Yaojie , Sloan Brandon , Thompson Sally E. , Konings Alexandra G. , Bohrer Gil , Matheny Ashley , Feng Xue 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUnderstanding plant hydraulic regulation is critical for predicting plant and ecosystem responses to projected increases in drought stress. Plant hydraulic regulation is controlled by observable, diverse plant hydraulic traits that can vary as much across individuals of the same species as they do across different species. Direct measurements of plant hydraulic traits from a range of ecosystems remain limited in comparison to other, more readily measured traits (e.g., specific leaf area). Furthermore, plant hydraulic trait measurements, often made at leaf or branch levels, are not easily scaled to whole‐plant values that are typically used to predict plant and ecosystem fluxes. In this study, multiple whole‐plant hydraulic parameters are inferred from observations of plant water use (i.e., sap flow), soil properties, and meteorological data. We use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo model inversion approach to obtain the best estimates and uncertainty of plant hydraulic parameters that capture whole‐plant effective embolism resistance and stomatal sensitivity to decreasing plant water potential. We then use the inferred values in the model to estimate whole‐tree water use and isohydricity. This approach reliably infers whole‐plant parameter values with enough specificity to resolve inter‐ and intra‐specific differences, and thus supplements time‐ and labor‐intensive direct measurements of traits.
Impact of Coastal Marsh Eco‐Geomorphologic Change on Saltwater Intrusion Under Future Sea Level Rise
Authors: Zhang Yu , Svyatsky Daniil , Rowland Joel C. , Moulton J. David , Cao Zhendong , Wolfram Phillip J. , Xu Chonggang , Pasqualini Donatella 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCoastal saltwater intrusion (SWI) is one key factor that affects the hydrology, ecology, and biogeochemistry of coastal ecosystems. Future climate change, especially intensified sea level rise (SLR), is expected to trigger SWI to encroach on coastal freshwater aquifers more intensively. Numerous studies have investigated decadal/century scale SWI under SLR by assuming a static coastal landscape topography. However, coastal landscapes are highly dynamic in response to SLR, and the impact of coastal landscape evolution on SWI has received very little attention. Thus, this study used a coastal marsh landscape as an example and investigated how coastal marsh evolution affects future SWI with a physically‐based coastal hydro‐eco‐geomorphologic model, Advanced Terrestrial Simulator. Our numerical experiments showed that it is very likely that the marsh elevation increases with future SLR due to sediment deposition, and a depression zone is formed due to different marsh accretion rates between the ocean boundary and the inland. We found that marsh accretion may significantly reduce the surface saltwater inflow at the ocean boundary, and the evolved topographic depression zone may prolong the residence time of surface ponded saltwater, affecting subsurface salinity distribution differently. We also predicted that marshlands may become more sensitive to upland freshwater supply under future SLR, compared with previous predictions without marsh evolution. This study demonstrates the importance of coastal evolution to coastal freshwater‐saltwater interaction. The eco‐geomorphologic effect may not be ignored when evaluating coastal SWI under SLR at decadal or century scales.
From Dynamic Groundwater Level Measurements to Regional Aquifer Parameters— Assessing the Power of Spectral Analysis
Authors: Houben Timo , Pujades Estanislao , Kalbacher Thomas , Dietrich Peter , Attinger Sabine 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLarge‐scale groundwater models are required to estimate groundwater availability and to inform water management strategies on the national scale. However, parameterization of large‐scale groundwater models covering areas of major river basins and more is challenging due to the lack of observational data and the mismatch between the scales of modeling and measurements. In this work, we propose to bridge the scale gap and derive regional hydraulic parameters by spectral analysis of groundwater level fluctuations. We hypothesize that specific locations in aquifers can reveal regional parameters of the hydraulic system. We first generate ensembles of synthetic but realistic aquifers which systematically differ in complexity. Applying Liang and Zhang’s (2013), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.11.044, semi‐analytical solution for the spectrum of hydraulic head time series, we identify for each ensemble member and at different locations representative aquifer parameters. Next, we extend our study to investigate the use of spectral analysis in more complex numerical models and in real settings. Our analyses indicate that the variance of inferred effective transmissivity and storativity values for stochastic aquifer ensembles is small for observation points which are far away from the Dirichlet boundary. Moreover, the head time series has to cover a period which is roughly 10 times as long as the characteristic time of the aquifer. In deterministic aquifer models we infer equivalent, regionally valid parameters. A sensitivity analysis further reveals that as long as the aquifer length and the position of the groundwater measurement location is roughly known, the parameters can be robustly estimated.
Variability of ENSO Forecast Skill in 2‐Year Global Reforecasts Over the 20th Century
Authors: Weisheimer Antje , Balmaseda Magdalena A. , Stockdale Tim N. , Mayer Michael , Sharmila S. , Hendon Harry , Alves Oscar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn order to explore temporal changes of predictability of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), a novel set of global biennial climate reforecasts for the historical period 1901–2010 has been generated using a modern initialized coupled forecasting system. We find distinct periods of enhanced long‐range skill at the beginning and at the end of the twentieth century, and an extended multi‐decadal epoch of reduced skill during the 1930s–1950s. Once the forecast skill extends beyond the first spring barrier, the predictability limit is much enhanced and our results provide support for the feasibility of skillful ENSO forecasts up to 18 months. Changes in the mean state, variability (amplitude), persistence, seasonal cycle and predictability suggest that multi‐decadal variations in the dynamical characteristics of ENSO rather than the data coverage and quality of the observations have primarily driven the reported non‐monotonic skill modulations.
Enhanced Photosynthesis and Transpiration in an Old Growth Forest Due To Wildfire Smoke
Authors: Rastogi Bharat , Schmidt Andres , Berkelhammer Max , Noone David , Meinzer Frederick C. , Kim John , Still Christopher J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe document the response of a 2 day wildfire smoke event on a moist temperate coniferous old‐growth forest in the western U.S. Wildfire smoke increased air temperature and suppressed relative humidity and total incoming radiation. Despite these conditions a ∼10% increase in ecosystem photosynthesis was observed. This was explained by a large increase (41%) in ecosystem‐scale stomatal conductance, inferred from measurements of carbonyl sulfide. Increased stomatal conductance contradicts expected stomatal closure at high vapor pressure deficit and was likely caused by an increase in diffuse light and thus shade leaf insolation. Higher ecosystem productivity and transpiration were linked to a greater drawdown of soil moisture. Ecosystem‐scale measurements across a diverse range of ecosystems are needed to better understand the canopy response to wildfire smoke, which is an increasingly common phenomenon across large parts of the world, including the forests of western North America.
Imprint of the Continental Strike‐Slip Fault Geometrical Structure in Geophysical Data
Authors: Klinger Yann 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe geometry of continental fault systems, and more specifically the spatial organization of faults, is a central topic to understand how earthquake ruptures start, propagate, and stop. By exploring the origin of unexpected high frequency emission during earthquakes, Chu et al. (2021), (https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL095271) show that the most likely source for these emissions is the interaction between nearby misaligned faults. Thus, this result emphasizes the discrete nature of the strike‐slip fault segments at seismogenic crustal scale, adding to a set of evidence for spatially structured fault systems drawn from independent observations in geophysics and geology. This observation should bring some new constrains to earthquake rupture scenario by limiting the range of possible ruptures included in these models.
An Eastward Current Encircling Mercury
Authors: Shi Z. , Rong Z. J. , Fatemi S. , Slavin J. A. , Klinger L. , Dong C. , Wang L. , Zhong J. , Raines J. M. , Holmström M. , Yuan C. J. , Barabash S. , Wei Y. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMercury has a terrestrial‐like magnetosphere which is usually taken as a scaled‐down‐version of Earth's magnetosphere with a similar current system. We examine Mercury's magnetospheric current system based on a survey of Mercury's magnetic field measured by the Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry, and Ranging spacecraft as well as computer simulations. We show that there is no significant Earth‐like ring current flowing westward around Mercury, instead, we find, for the first time, an eastward current (EC) encircling the planet near the night‐side magnetic equator with an altitude of ∼500–1,000 km. The EC is closed with the dayside magnetopause current and could be driven by the gradient of plasma pressure as a diamagnetic current. Thus, Mercury's magnetosphere is not a scaled‐down Earth magnetosphere, but a unique natural space plasma laboratory. Our findings offer fresh insights to analyze data from the BepiColombo mission, which is expected to orbit Mercury in 2025.