bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LGBTQ+ cultural sensitivity in pharmacy education: A co‐curricular training event to improve pharmacy students' knowledge and motivation in caring for sexual and gender minorities
Authors: Phan Tam C. , Singson Grace Marielle S. , Pamintuan Claire Gabrielle N. , Francisco Janelle R. , Chau Brandon , Do Allison M. , Lou Mimi , Church Terry 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionLesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) individuals continue to show disproportionate prevalence of health disparities despite an increase in visibility in recent years. Educational endeavors in professional programs have been proven to increase awareness of culturally inclusive care.ObjectivesThis study assessed self‐reported knowledge and motivation for change of pharmacy students toward providing affirming care for LGBTQ+ patients after attending LGBTQ+ cultural sensitivity training. The second objective of this study is to assess whether first‐ (P1) or second‐year (P2) students would gain greater benefit from the training from their survey responses.MethodsDoctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) students at a large metropolitan area in California were provided LGBTQ+ cultural sensitivity training as part of a co‐curricular initiative. Anonymous surveys were administered via pre‐ and post‐training to assess perception of knowledge gained and motivation to adopt LGBTQ+ inclusive practices. Perception and motivation questions were graded on a Likert Scale with 1 being no knowledge and 5 being extensive knowledge, or 1 being strongly disagree and 5 being strongly agree. Results of surveys before and after the training were analyzed with Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum Test. Chi‐square analysis was conducted to compare survey results for P1 and P2 students.ResultsOf the 168 students who completed the competency training and both surveys, 70% were P1 students and 30% were P2 students. After the cultural competency training, students reported a statistically significant improvement in their knowledge and motivation to provide affirming care for LGBTQ+ patients (P < 0.0001).ConclusionThe two‐hour co‐curricular LGBTQ+ cultural competency training demonstrated improvements in the knowledge and attitude of students toward providing inclusive and competent care to gender and sexual minorities. LGBTQ+ related content should be integrated into Pharm.D. education early in the curriculum to address several objectives in cultural sensitivity.
The unusual stability of H‐bonded complexes in solvent caused by greater solvation energy of complex compared to those of isolated fragments
Authors: Lo Rabindranath , Mašínová Anna , Lamanec Maximilián , Nachtigallová Dana , Hobza Pavel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHere, the effect of solvent on the stability of non‐covalent complexes, was studied. These complexes were from previously published S22, S66, and X40 datasets, which include hydrogen‐, halogen‐ and dispersion‐bonded complexes. It was shown that the charge transfer in the complex determines whether the complex is stabilized or destabilized in solvent.
Surface characterization of NiO thin films deposited by RF‐magnetron sputtering at different thickness: Statistical and multifractal approach
Authors: Astinchap Bandar , Awrang Seyed Mohaiuddin , Norian Erfan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFractal and multifractal are the most important processes and concepts in describing and examining surface morphology, and for this reason, these concepts are an important approach for analyzing the properties and surface geometry of thin films. In this article, multifractal analysis was performed on images, prepared using atomic force microscopy (AFM), of the surface morphology of nickel oxide thin films deposited by RF‐Magnetron sputtering at different thicknesses on the glass substrate. The effect of thickness on the surface properties of the layers was studied by applying multifractal and statistical methods on AFM images. The results obtained from the multifractal spectrum show that the surface of the nickel oxide thin films deposited at different thicknesses are multifractal. The multifractal analysis demonstrated that multifractality and complexity of the surface of nickel oxide thin films changes and decrease with thicknesses. We also used statistical parameters to better examine AFM images to study the effects of layers thickness on the deposited NiO thin films. The results indicated that the statistical parameters are a function of the layer's thickness of NiO thin films. Hence, the isotropic properties and functional parameters changed with changing surface thickness.Research Highlights
Multifractal analysis was applied to the AFM images to study the surface morphology of NiO thin films.
The multifractal nature of the surface of NiO thin films is observed.
The layers have become more isotropic with increasing thickness.
The results illustrated that deposition masses occurred more at the highest sites on the surface.
Multifractality of the surface of the sample decreased with increasing layer thickness.
Emissions of hydrogen sulfide from a western open‐lot dairy
Authors: Grant Richard H. , Boehm Matthew T. , Hagevoort G. Robert 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHydrogen sulfide (H2S) emissions are considered hazardous to the environment. Animal agriculture operations must therefore report emissions exceeding a threshold to the National Response Center. Estimating the emissions from operations is needed because monitoring at all operations is not possible. However, little is known about H2S emissions from open‐lot dairy operations commonly found in dry regions. Daily mean H2S emissions from a Texas open‐lot dairy were relatively uniform over the year. Emissions were greatest during the fall when air temperatures were relatively high and vapor pressure deficits were low. Higher air temperatures and wind speeds and lower surface wetness corresponded with higher mean hourly emissions in winter, spring, and summer. Hourly mean emissions in the fall differed substantially from those of the other seasons. These high fall emissions appear to have been associated with unreported producer activity of hauling manure from the manure windrow storage onto the surrounding fields. Mean annual live animal basis emissions were 3.6 g d–1 hd–1. Annual mean emissions for the entire 3,400 head dairy were 12 kg d–1. The maximum measured daily emissions for this 3,492‐cow dairy were 33.1 kg d–1.
Cross‐sectional clinical cancer genomics community of practice survey analysis of provider attitudes and beliefs regarding the use of deceased family member tissue to guide living family member genetic cancer risk assessment
Authors: Nehoray Bita , Slavin Thomas P. , Sun Can‐Lan , Hurley Karen , King Elisabeth , Tsang Kevin K. , Cervantes Aleck , Mokhnatkin Janet V. , Sand Sharon , Mejia Rosa , Reb Anne , Samimi Goli , Gray Stacy , Blazer Kathleen R. , Weitzel Jeffrey N. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNext‐generation tumor tissue sequencing techniques may result in the detection of putative germline pathogenic variants (PVs), raising the possibility that germline cancer predisposition could be identified from archival medical tissue samples of deceased relatives. The approach, termed traceback, is designed to inform risk management recommendations for living family members. Provider perspectives regarding traceback testing have not yet been explored, so we conducted a cross‐sectional survey of Clinical Cancer Genomics Community of Practice providers regarding their attitudes and beliefs toward traceback testing. Self‐reported demographics, provider characteristics, attitudes and perceived barriers were collected. We evaluated responses in the context of whether providers had previous experience with traceback testing. Data were analyzed using chi‐square and Fisher's exact testing. Among 207 respondents (of 816 eligible), most were women (89.4%), white (85.5%), and not Hispanic or Latino (89.7%). US‐based providers represented the majority of respondents (87.4%). Relatively, few providers 32 of 207 (15.5%) had previous experience with traceback. Among the individuals without experience in traceback, 84.0% thought there would be barriers to implementation; however, only 68.8% of individuals with previous traceback experience agreed (p = .04). Respondents in both groups thought that traceback would be valuable in their practice (82.6%, p = .22) and that they would feel comfortable discussing the concept (83.6%, p = .83), interpreting the results (72.2%, p = .24), and discussing the results with their patients (80.7%, p = .38). Patient interest and cost were seen as less of a barrier by those with experience with traceback testing. Recurrent themes obtained in open‐ended responses are also presented. Overall, providers believe that traceback would be a valuable tool in their practice. Individuals with previous experience identified less barriers with implementation of this testing, highlighting an area for future research and education.
Terrain sensitive climate mapping for the Arequipa Department in Peru
Authors: Moraes André Geraldo de Lima , Bowling Laura Christine , Zeballos‐Velarde Carlos Renzo , Daneshvar Fariborz , Watkins Alec Hale , Cherkauer Keith Aric 
Published: May 2022

AbstractClimate is a powerful driver of agricultural and natural systems, and spatial climate datasets are currently in great demand. This is especially true in the Arequipa Department of Peru, a region with low seasonal precipitation, remarkable topographic variability, and significant water demand in a highly managed water system. This paper presents the Arequipa Climate Maps (ACM) datasets, a high resolution (1 km) spatial 30‐year (1988–2017) climate dataset for the Arequipa Region, in Peru. Four interpolation methods, and combinations of those methods, were tested to produce 30 years of daily precipitation, maximum and minimum air temperature: Ordinary Kriging (OK), Thin Plate Splines (TPS), Regression Kriging (RK), and Regression Thin Plate Splines (RTPS). The mixed method RTPS‐TPS and RTPS using locally fitted polynomial and potential regressions were found to best represent the spatial variability of precipitation and daily extreme temperatures, respectively, and helped compensate the bias resulting from the lack of weather stations at higher elevations. These methods were then selected to create the ACM dataset, which contains climate maps of 30‐year annual and monthly climate normals (ACM–Normals) and 30 years of annual, monthly, and daily climate maps (ACM–YMD). In addition, insights on weather station gap filling in mountainous areas and bias corrections for avoidance of anomalous precipitation and to assure consistency between annual, monthly and daily data are presented, together with discussion about the quality and limitations of the dataset, and its comparison with other datasets.
Current practices in lipid emulsion utilization in the prevention and treatment of intestinal failure–associated liver disease: A survey of pediatric intestinal rehabilitation and transplant centers
Authors: Raghu Vikram K. , Sevilla Wednesday M. A. , King Dale E. , Alissa Feras , Rothenberger Scott , Smith Kenneth J. , Horslen Simon P. , Rudolph Jeffrey A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundNewer intravenous lipid emulsions (ILEs), such as fish oil–based intravenous lipid emulsions (FO‐ILEs) and soybean oil, medium‐chain triglycerides, olive oil, and fish oil–based intravenous lipid emulsions (SMOF‐ILEs), provide alternatives to soybean oil–based intravenous lipid emulsions (SO‐ILEs). We explored current ILE practice patterns among intestinal rehabilitation and transplant centers.MethodsA survey was developed addressing ILE availability, ILE preference in clinical scenarios, and factors influencing ILE choice. This survey was reviewed locally and by the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Intestinal Rehabilitation Special Interest Group, the Intestinal Rehabilitation and Transplant Association scientific committee, and the American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition pediatric intestinal failure section research committee. We recruited providers nationally and internationally from centers with and without intestinal transplant programs.ResultsWe included 34 complete responses, 29 from the United States. Sixteen centers performed intestinal transplants. All centers had access to SMOF‐ILEs, 85% had access to FO‐ILEs, and 91% had access to SO‐ILEs. In new patients, 85% use SMOF‐ILEs as the first choice ILE. In those with new intestinal failure–associated liver disease (IFALD), FO‐ILE was preferred to SMOF‐ILE (56% vs 38%). In those developing IFALD on SMOF‐ILE, 65% switched to FO‐ILE, whereas 24% remained on SMOF‐ILE.ConclusionsCenters have routine access to alternative ILEs, and these are quickly replacing SO‐ILEs in all circumstances. Future work should focus on how this shift in practice affects outcomes to provide decision support in specific clinical scenarios.
Effects of grazing exclusion on soil infiltrability and preferential flow in savannah livestock grazing systems
Authors: Chen Chunfeng , Zou Xin , Singh Ashutosh Kumar , Zhu Xiai , Jiang Xiaojin , Wu Junen , Liu Wenjie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough the establishment of grazing exclosures is often considered an important strategy of reducing soil degradation, their effect on hydrological functions is still poorly understood, particularly in dry‐hot savanna systems with heavy livestock grazing. In addition, the different roles played by the herb roots and the niche differentiation of woody plant roots induced by the grazing and exclosure in soil hydrological functions are still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of exclosure management on hydrological functions and services and assess the role of different functional vegetation types in improving these functions and services. The experiments were conducted in the continuous grazing areas and exclosure areas in a savanna ecosystem in Yuanjiang, southwest China. The root biomass of herb and woody plants, soil physical properties, water infiltration, and preferential water flow were measured in each study site. The results showed a significant improvement in soil physical properties with more termite holes, lower soil bulk density, and higher total and non‐capillary soil porosity in exclosure areas compared with grazing ones. As a result, the initial and average water infiltration, and preferential flow significantly increased by 132.76%, 185.31%, and 30.29%, respectively, in exclosure areas compared with the grazing ones. The results also showed that the exclosure significantly improved the soil surface water content by increasing the root biomass of herb and woody plants in the shallow soil layers. Herb plants probably improved water infiltration and insulated evaporation, while woody plants improved lateral preferential water flow paths and accelerated the water exchange between vertical and horizontal soil layers, thereby improving the water availability for different plants. This study demonstrated that the exclosure‐induced restoration and niche differentiation of herb and woody plants, coupled with improved soil structure in exclosures, could promote hydrological function and services and improve water management in savanna systems. Therefore, the grazing exclosures could be expanded periodically and cautiously to prevent soil degradation in the present savanna systems.
Analysis of publications by authors of Ukrainian institutes in Scopus‐delisted titles
Authors: Nazarovets Serhii 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn Ukraine, Scopus data are used to evaluate academics. Existing shortcomings in the Ukrainian evaluation system allow them to publish in titles that have been delisted from Scopus, and continue to use those papers as credible research output for evaluation. The purpose of this study was to analyse the publishing activity of Ukrainian institutions in Scopus‐delisted titles (as of September 2021) in different fields between 2011 and 2020 and to attempt to appreciate how common this practice is among Ukrainian authors. Scopus was sourced to collect bibliographic and citations‐related data, while SciVal was used to analyse these data. The findings suggest that for 17 Ukrainian institutions, papers from titles that have been delisted from Scopus still play an important part of the publication achievement of their employees. In particular, in the field of economics, econometrics and finance, 46.92% of Ukrainian papers were published in a title that was excluded from Scopus. Moreover, the analysis indicated that in two Ukrainian institutions, the level of citation of such papers significantly exceeds the average number of citations to Scopus‐indexed papers in the same year and in the same field. Given that bibliometric indicators are also used for research assessment in other Eastern European countries, the results of this paper are applicable to a wider geographic context.
Trace metal contents of autotrophic flagellates from contrasting open‐ocean ecosystems
Authors: Sofen Laura E. , Antipova Olga A. , Ellwood Michael J. , Gilbert Naomi E. , LeCleir Gary R. , Lohan Maeve C. , Mahaffey Claire , Mann Elizabeth L. , Ohnemus Daniel C. , Wilhelm Steven W. , Twining Benjamin S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNano‐ and picophytoplankton are a major component of open‐ocean ecosystems and one of the main plankton functional types in biogeochemical models, yet little is known about their trace metal contents. In cultures of the picoeukaryote Ostreococcus lucimarinus, iron limitation reduced iron quotas by 68%, a fraction of the plasticity known in diatoms. In contrast, a commonly co‐occurring cyanobacterium, Prochlorococcus, showed variable iron contents with iron availability in culture. Synchrotron X‐ray fluorescence was used to measure single‐cell metal (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn) quotas of autotrophic flagellates (1.4–16.8‐μm diameter) collected from four ocean regions. Iron quotas were tightly constrained and showed little response to iron availability, similar to cultured Ostreococcus. Zinc quotas also did not vary with zinc availability but appeared to vary with phosphorus availability. These results suggest that macronutrient and metal availability may be equally important for controlling metal contents of small eukaryotic open‐ocean phytoplankton.
Systematic Review of Prevalence Studies of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Corticobasal Syndrome
Authors: Swallow Diane M.A. , Zheng Cindy S. , Counsell Carl E. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundHigh‐quality prevalence studies are important in estimating the burden of disease in a population, thus informing priority setting, resource allocation, delivery, and use of health services.ObjectivesThis study was undertaken to systematically review the methods and results of previous prevalence studies of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS) and make recommendations for future studies.MethodsA total of 2 authors independently identified original articles that described the prevalence of PSP or CBS using several comprehensive and overlapping search strategies, assessed study quality, and extracted relevant data. Descriptive and pooled analyses were performed as appropriate.ResultsA total of 16 studies were identified in PSP and 9 studies in CBS, with highly heterogeneous methods of case definition, identification, and verification in identified studies. Few studies were deemed of necessary quality or methodological homogeneity to justify a full meta‐analysis. In addition, few studies reported age‐ and sex‐stratified results. The best 3 prevalence studies in PSP gave a pooled rate of 7.1 per 100,000 per year, whereas the pooled rate in 2 CBS studies was roughly 3 times lower at 2.3 per 100,000 per year. Based on crude rates, there was little evidence to suggest clear sex differences in the prevalence of PSP or CBS or that the prevalence of PSP had increased over time, but some evidence to suggest that prevalence may increase with increasing age.ConclusionGiven the paucity of prevalence studies in PSP and CBS, further high‐quality prevalence studies are necessary.
Piceatannol Prevents Colon Cancer Progression via Dual‐Targeting to M2‐Polarized Tumor‐Associated Macrophages and the TGF‐β1 Positive Feedback Signaling Pathway
Authors: Chiou Yi‐Shiou , Lan Yi‐Ming , Lee Pei‐Sheng , Lin Qianyu , Nagabhushanam Kalyanam , Ho Chi‐Tang , Pan Min‐Hsiung 
Published: May 2022

ScopeM2 phenotype tumor‐associated macrophages (M2‐TAMs) play a key role in distant metastasis and poor clinical outcomes. Herein, a specific molecular mechanism that contributes to malignant progression is illuminated and investigates whether piceatannol (PIC) can target the crosstalk between M2‐TAMs and cancer cells for potential colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy.Methods and resultsTo mimic the tumor microenvironment (TME), direct and indirect coculture systems in vitro and in vivo mouse xenograft models are established. The results demonstrate that post‐treatment with PIC in TME more effectively prevented the aggressive features and stemness of SW480 cells by restricting the polarization of M2‐like macrophages and blocking the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1) positive feedback autocrine/paracrine loop that exists between M2‐like polarized macrophages and cancer cells. Furthermore, xenograft assays also observe significant repression in tumor growth and lung metastases with the administration of PIC. The key mechanism underlying the antimetastasis effects of PIC may include its directly inhibitory activity against TGF‐β receptor type‐1 (TGF‐βR1) in the M2‐like TAMs‐created TME.ConclusionThese novel findings demonstrate that PIC is a potent TGF‐β1/TGF‐βR1 pathway inhibitor and TME modulator for preventing tumor progression and metastasis in CRC by reeducating TAMs.
A practical algorithm for VMAT optimization using column generation techniques
Authors: Wang Yuanbo , Liu Hongcheng , Yang Yu , Lu Bo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeAs a challenging but important optimization problem, the inverse planning for volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) has attracted much research attention. The column generation (CG) type method is so far one of the most effective solution schemes. However, it often relies on simplifications leading to significant gaps between the output and the actual feasible plan. This paper presents a novel column generation (NCG) approach to push the planning results substantially closer to practice.MethodsThe proposed NCG algorithm is equipped with multiple new quality‐enhancing and computation‐facilitating modules as below: (1) Flexible constraints are enabled on both dose rates and treatment time to adapt to machine capabilities as well as planner's preferences, respectively; (2) a cross‐control‐point intermediate aperture simulation is incorporated to better conform to the underlying physics; (3) new pricing and pruning subroutines are adopted to achieve better optimization outputs. To evaluate the effectiveness of this NCG, five VMAT plans, that is, three prostate cases and two head‐and‐neck cases, were computed using proposed NCG. The planning results were compared with those yielded by a historical benchmark planning scheme.ResultsThe NCG generated plans of significantly better quality than the benchmark planning algorithm. For prostate cases, NCG plans satisfied all planning target volume (PTV) criteria whereas CG plans failed on D10% criteria of PTVs for over 9 Gy or more on all cases. For head‐and‐neck cases, again, NCG plans satisfied all PTVs criteria while CG plans failed on D10% criteria of PTVs for over 3 Gy or more on all cases as well as the max dose criteria of both cord and brain stem for over 13 Gy on one case. Moreover, the pruning scheme was found to be effective in enhancing the optimization quality.ConclusionsThe proposed NCG inherits the computational advantages of the traditional CG, while capturing a more realistic characterization of the machine capability and underlying physics. The output solutions of the NCG are substantially closer to practical implementation.