bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assembly of exfoliated α‐zirconium phosphate nanosheets: Mechanisms and versatile applications
Authors: Ding Hao , Ahmed Abbas , Shen Kuangyu , Sun Luyi 
Published: February 2022

Abstractα‐Zirconium phosphate (Zr(HPO4)2·H2O, α‐ZrP) is an inorganic layered compound. Since the first report of crystalline α‐ZrP in 1964, thanks to its simple synthesis and unique physiochemical properties, α‐ZrP has found widespread application in many fields including mechanical reinforcing, barrier improvement, flame retardancy, anticorrosion, catalysis, environment, energy, and medicine. Because of the ease of exfoliation of α‐ZrP to obtain single‐layer nanosheets, as well as its rich surface chemistry thanks to the high density of orderly arranged surface acidic hydroxyl groups, α‐ZrP single‐layer nanosheets are ideal building blocks for self‐assembly or assembly with other chemicals. The assembly of α‐ZrP nanosheets could form a randomly dispersed structure (isotropic), roughly ordered structure (nematic), or highly ordered structure (smectic) within liquid colloids or solid hybrids (including hydrogels). Thanks to the combination of the unique structures and the novel functions of the components, the assembled materials have found a wide verity of applications due to their excellent properties. In this article, the methods to synthesize α‐ZrP, the approaches and mechanisms to exfoliate α‐ZrP, and the strategies to assemble α‐ZrP nanosheets to form various structures, as well as the applications of the assembled materials are reviewed. The emerging prospects of α‐ZrP nanosheets as a key material in next‐generation functional applications are envisioned.
Racial differences in longitudinal Alzheimer's disease biomarkers among cognitively normal adults
Authors: Xiong Chengjie , Luo Jingqin , Schindler Suzanne E. , Fagan Anne M. , Benzinger Tammie , Hassenstab Jason , Balls‐Berry Joyce E. , Agboola Folasade , Grant Elizabeth , Moulder Krista L. , Morris John C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionLongitudinal changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analytes, amyloid uptakes from positron emission tomography (PET), structural outcomes from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cognition, have not been compared between Blacks and Whites.MethodsA total of 179 Blacks and 1180 Whites who were cognitively normal at baseline and had longitudinal data from at least one biomarker modality were analyzed for the annual rates of change.ResultsCSF amyloid beta (Aβ)42/Aβ40 declined more slowly (P = .0390), and amyloid (PET) accumulated more slowly (P = .0157), in Blacks than Whites. CSF Aβ42 changed in opposite directions over time between Blacks and Whites (P = .0039). The annual increase in CSF total tau and phosphorylated tau181 for Blacks was about half of that for Whites.DiscussionLongitudinal racial differences in amyloid biomarkers are observed. It will be important to comprehensively and prospectively examine the effects of apolipoprotein E genotype and sociocultural factors on these differences.
A pH‐Responsive Nanoparticle Library with Precise pH Tunability by Co‐Polymerization with Non‐Ionizable Monomers
Authors: Zhao Ruiyang , Fu Chuanxun , Wang Zenghui , Pan Meijie , Ma Bin , Yin Qingqing , Chen Binlong , Liu Jianxiong , Xia Heming , Wan Fangjie , Wang Letong , Zhang Qiang , Wang Yiguang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPrecise monitoring of the subtle pH fluctuation during biological events remains a big challenge. Previously, we reported an ultra‐pH‐sensitive (UPS) nanoprobe library with a sharp pH response using co‐polymerization of two tertiary amine‐containing monomers with distinct pKa. Currently, we have generalized the UPS nanoparticle library with tunable pH transitions (pHt) by copolymerization of a tertiary amine‐containing monomer with a series of non‐ionizable monomers. The pHt of nanoparticles is fine‐tuned by the non‐ionizable monomers with different hydrophobicity. Each non‐ionizable monomer presents a constant contribution to pH tunability regardless of tertiary amine‐containing monomers. Based on this strategy, we produced two libraries of nanoprobes with continuous pHt covering the entire physiological pH range (5.0–7.4) for fluorescent imaging of endosome maturation and cancers. This generalized strategy provides a powerful toolkit for biological studies and cancer theranostics.
A Pair of Atypical KAS III Homologues with Initiation and Elongation Functions Program the Polyketide Biosynthesis in Asukamycin
Authors: Yan Xiaoli , Zhang Jun , Tan Hongqun , Liu Zhihao , Jiang Kai , Tian Wenya , Zheng Mengmeng , Lin Zhi , Deng Zixin , Qu Xudong 
Published: February 2022

Abstractβ‐Ketoacyl‐ACP synthase III (KAS III) is a class of important C−C bond‐forming enzymes that mostly catalyze the initiation of polyketide and fatty acid biosynthesis. In this study, we elucidated an unusual polyketide synthase (PKS) system that involves two unique KAS IIIs (AsuC3 and C4) in the biosynthesis of the upper triene chain of asukamycin. Significantly, AsuC3 and C4 have both initiation and iterative elongation activity, while being functionally biased toward the elongation and initiation steps, respectively. Mutational analysis revealed that their catalytic activities rely on the catalytic triad Cys‐His‐Asn. Unlike other KAS IIIs, AsuC3 and C4 are very promiscuous and can accept various lengths of acyl‐CoAs with either cyclic, branched or linear acyl moieties. By cooperation with the permissive ketoreductase (AsuC7) and dehydratase (AsuC8/C9), a large variety of polyenes can be efficiently synthesized. This study significantly broadens the understanding of KAS IIIs and polyketide biosynthesis.
Prodrugs of Persulfide and Sulfide: Is There a Pharmacological Difference between the Two in the Context of Rapid Exchanges among Various Sulfur Species In Vivo?
Authors: Yu Bingchen , Kang Ting , Xu Yuan , Liu Yiqing , Ma Yaru , Ke Bowen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSulfide and persulfide are chemically different and one might expect persulfide to be more effective in mediating sulfur signaling because persulfide can directly modify protein cysteine residue. However, rapid scrambling, and interconversions occur among sulfur species. Then there is the question of whether the chemical reactivity differences between sulfide and persulfide would translate into pharmacological differences. Utilizing a delivery system to generate pure hydrogen sulfide (H2S), hydrogen persulfide (H2S2), and N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine persulfide (N‐CysSSH), we examined the activities of sulfide and persulfide in vitro and in vivo. Persulfide prodrugs exhibited increased activities compared to the H2S prodrug. In particular, the H2S2 prodrug offers much‐elevated analgesic effects compared to the H2S prodrug in vivo. Persulfide prodrugs also possess a reduced level of toxicity compared to the H2S prodrug in vivo, indicating persulfide might represent a better therapeutic paradigm than H2S.
Synthesis, characterization, and multifunctional applications of novel metal complexes based on thiazolylazo dye
Authors: El‐Nahass Marwa N. , Bakr Eman A. , El‐Gamil Mohammed M. , Ibrahim Seham A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHerein, a novel ligand, namely, N,N‐dimethyl‐4‐((4‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)thiazol‐2‐yl)diazenyl)aniline, and its solid Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II), and Cu (II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized. The photophysical properties of the thiazolyl azo ligand, L, have been investigated in various solvents of different polarities. The absorption and fluorescence maxima of the ligand show a strong dependence on the solvent polarity. The metal ions sensing response to Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II), and Cu (II) ions were also investigated in ethanolic solutions. The novel solid complexes of hexacoordinate Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II), and Cu (II) of the ligand have the molar ratio 2:1 (M:L) and general chemical formula [M2(L)(H2O)4Cl4]·nH2O. The presence of metal–metal interaction was proved by the low magnetic moment values μeff of metal complexes. The UV–Vis spectra of the ligand and its metal complexes displayed bands characteristic to different types of transitions inside the molecules. The metal complexes show additional absorption bands of very low intensity around 650–690 nm attributed to d–d transitions within the metal ion indicating octahedral geometry. The geometry of the ligand and its complexes was also theoretically confirmed using the DMOL3 program and density functional theory (DFT). The free ligand and its metal complexes have been studied for their DNA‐binding properties using steady‐state absorption and emission techniques. They demonstrated successful binding properties against CT‐DNA in an intercalative mode. Additionally, the ligand and its metal complexes have also been successfully applied to polyester fabrics as disperse dyes. Multifunctional properties such as color representation, colorimetric data (L*, a*, b*, C*, h*, K/S), and fastness properties of the dyed samples have been discussed and evaluated in detail. These dyes have proven their efficiency in dyeing polyester fabrics, as they give satisfactory results in fastness properties, colorimetric data. Moreover, the antioxidant and antitumor activities for the synthesized compounds were evaluated.
Learning to rank from relevance judgments distributions
Authors: Purpura Alberto , Silvello Gianmaria , Susto Gian Antonio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLEarning TO Rank (LETOR) algorithms are usually trained on annotated corpora where a single relevance label is assigned to each available document‐topic pair. Within the Cranfield framework, relevance labels result from merging either multiple expertly curated or crowdsourced human assessments. In this paper, we explore how to train LETOR models with relevance judgments distributions (either real or synthetically generated) assigned to document‐topic pairs instead of single‐valued relevance labels. We propose five new probabilistic loss functions to deal with the higher expressive power provided by relevance judgments distributions and show how they can be applied both to neural and gradient boosting machine (GBM) architectures. Moreover, we show how training a LETOR model on a sampled version of the relevance judgments from certain probability distributions can improve its performance when relying either on traditional or probabilistic loss functions. Finally, we validate our hypothesis on real‐world crowdsourced relevance judgments distributions. Overall, we observe that relying on relevance judgments distributions to train different LETOR models can boost their performance and even outperform strong baselines such as LambdaMART on several test collections.
Associations between coping strategies and mental health outcomes in autistic adults
Authors: Muniandy Melanie , Richdale Amanda L. , Arnold Samuel R. C. , Trollor Julian N. , Lawson Lauren P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCompared to the general population, mental health difficulties are commonly reported in autistic adults. However, the ways in which coping strategies are associated with mental health and well‐being in this population remain unknown. Further, we do not know if, and if so, how these associations might differ to that of non‐autistic adults. In this study, we hypothesized that in both our autistic (N = 255) and non‐autistic (N = 165) adult samples, disengagement coping strategies (e.g., denial) would relate to poorer mental health and well‐being, while engagement coping strategies (e.g., problem solving) would relate to better mental health and well‐being. Regression analyses revealed that higher use of disengagement coping strategies was significantly associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression, and lower levels of well‐being in both samples. In contrast, increased use of engagement coping strategies was associated with better well‐being, but only in the autistic sample. Our results contribute to the characterization of negative and positive mental health outcomes in autistic adults from a coping perspective, with potential to offer novel information regarding coping strategies to consider when addressing support options for mental health difficulties in the autistic adult population.Lay SummaryMental health conditions (such as anxiety and depression) and poor well‐being are commonly reported in autistic adults. Research suggests that how one copes with stress is associated with one's mental health and well‐being. However, we have little information about how coping strategies relate to the mental health of autistic adults, and whether this might be different in non‐autistic adults. In this study, we examined the relationship between coping strategies and mental health in a large group of autistic individuals aged 15–80 years. We then compared this with similar aged non‐autistic individuals. We found that in both the autistic and non‐autistic individuals, using more disengagement coping strategies (such as being in denial, blaming oneself) was related to poorer mental health and well‐being. Additionally, using more engagement coping strategies (such as problem solving, acceptance) was related to better mental health and well‐being, but only in the autistic individuals. These results can help inform support services, as they highlight the coping strategies that may need to be focused on (i.e., developing engagement coping strategies and reducing disengagement coping strategies) in order to better support the mental health of autistic individuals.
Pterostilbene regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis in non‐small‐cell lung cancer via targeting COX‐2
Authors: Wang Zhimin , Wang Tingting , Chen Xu , Cheng Jing , Wang Lijuan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNon‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC), occupying a great proportion of lung cancer, threatens the health of patients, and the cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) expression is found to be upregulated in lung cancer. Pterostilbene (PTE) is perceived as a novel method for clinical therapy due to its high performance. However, the mechanism underlying and the interaction between PTE and COX‐2 remain vague. We simulated radiation circumstances and transfected cells with the interference of PTE and COX‐2. Our results showed that radiation or PTE treatment alone restrained cell proliferation and viability while stimulating cell apoptosis, and the above properties were strengthened when the two were in combination. The COX‐2 expression was promoted by radiation but was reduced by PTE. PTE reversed the effects of radiation on the COX‐2 expression. COX‐2 knockdown suppressed COX‐2 expression and proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of cells suffering radiation, while COX‐2 overexpression reversed the inhibition of PTE. Our study suggested PTE regulated NSCLC cell proliferation and apoptosis via targeting COX‐2, which might shed a light on cancer therapy.
Hierarchical CuCo Carbonate Hydroxide Nanowires@FeCo‐Layered Double Hydroxide Hexagonal Nanosheets of Penetrating Architecture for High‐Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitor
Authors: Li Ang , Yi Mei , Zhao Shuimiao , Luan Mingxing , Hu Jingbo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRational construction of heterostructures can compensate for the property shortfalls of a single component, which is a promising and challenging approach to develop high‐performance electrode materials. Herein, CuCo carbonate hydroxide nanowires@FeCo‐layered double hydroxide hexagonal nanosheets (CuCo‐CH@FeCo‐LDH) with a unique nanowire‐penetrated‐nanosheet architecture have been prepared through a facile two‐step hydrothermal method. The nanowires serve as fast channels for charge transfer of FeCo‐LDH and alleviate the blocked electroactive utilization induced by self‐stacking of LDH nanosheets, while the FeCo‐LDH contributes high specific capacitance. The resultant CuCo‐CH@FeCo‐LDH exhibits pseudocapacitive behavior with near‐rectangular CV profiles and overall enhanced electrochemical performance compared to individual CuCo‐CH and FeCo‐LDH. An assembled asymmetric supercapacitor (CuCo‐CH@FeCo‐LDH//N/S co‐doped graphene) delivers high energy density (46.9 Wh kg−1 at 750 W kg−1), high power density (29.0 Wh kg−1 at 7500 W kg−1), and outstanding cycling stability (81.7 % capacitance retention after 5000 cycles).
Abnormal placental cord insertion, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and birth length may be involved in development of hypospadias in male fetuses
Authors: Sakemi Yoshihiro , Shono Takeshi , Nakashima Toshinori , Yamashita Hironori , Sugino Noriko , Bonno Motoki 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesHypospadias is a congenital disease characterized by morphological abnormalities of the penis, including abnormal urethral opening and penile flexion, which cause urination disorders and/or sexual intercourse difficulty. Various factors have been suggested to cause this anomaly, but evidence concerning risk factors causing this anomaly is insufficient. We evaluated the etiology of hypospadias in Japan using the Common Database of the National Hospitals' Neonatal study group.Study designWe retrospectively evaluated 7,865 male neonates registered in the NICU Common Database of the National Hospitals' Neonatal study group. The subjects were divided into two groups by the presence (n = 43) or absence (n = 7,822) of hypospadias. Statistical analyses were performed to compare nominal variables between the groups by Fisher's direct establishment calculation method and logistic regression analyses.ResultsA univariate analysis showed significant between‐group differences in hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (odds ratio [OR]: 4.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.95–7.90), placental weight <−1.28 standard deviation (SD; OR: 5.06, 95% CI: 2.45–10.32), abnormal placental cord insertion (OR: 4.7, 95% CI: 2.62–9.76), birth length <−2SD (OR: 10.56, 95% CI: 5.00–21.1) and birth weight <−2SD (OR: 8.17, 95% CI: 4.17–15.68). A multivariate analysis showed a significant between‐group difference in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (adjusted OR [AOR]: 2.30, 95% CI: 1.09–4.85), abnormal placental cord insertion (AOR: 3.69, 95% CI: 1.83–7.44) and birth length <−2SD (AOR: 3.44, 95% CI: 1.26–9.42).ConclusionAbnormal placental cord insertion, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and birth length may be involved in hypospadias development in male neonates in conjunction with placental dysfunction in early pregnancy.
FKRP directed fibronectin glycosylation: A novel mechanism giving insights into muscular dystrophies?
Authors: Boyd Andrew , Montandon Margo , Wood Alasdair J. , Currie Peter D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe recently uncovered role of Fukutin‐related protein (FKRP) in fibronectin glycosylation has challenged our understanding of the basis of disease pathogenesis in the muscular dystrophies. FKRP is a Golgi‐resident glycosyltransferase implicated in a broad spectrum of muscular dystrophy (MD) pathologies that are not fully attributable to the well‐described α‐Dystroglycan hypoglycosylation. By revealing a new role for FKRP in the glycosylation of fibronectin, a modification critical for the development of the muscle basement membrane (MBM) and its associated muscle linkages, new possibilities for understanding clinical phenotype arise. This modification involves an interaction between FKRP and myosin‐10, a protein involved in the Golgi organization and function. These observations suggest a FKRP nexus exists that controls two critical aspects to muscle fibre integrity, both fibre stability at the MBM and its elastic properties. This review explores the new potential disease axis in the context of our current knowledge of muscular dystrophies.
A review of entrepreneurship and circular economy research: State of the art and future directions
Authors: Suchek Nathalia , Ferreira João J. , Fernandes Paula O. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe circular economy (CE) emerged as an alternative model to the linear system to foster sustainable development. Entrepreneurship represents a key factor in capturing new circular business opportunities. Research on circular entrepreneurship remains at an early phase and is correspondingly somewhat dispersed. Thus, the research objective here is to bring entrepreneurship into the focus of discussions on CE through a systematic literature review. In the absence of any systematic review on this theme, this work aims to map the relevant research and identify the themes discussed in the literature straddling entrepreneurship and the CE currently dispersed across the existing literature. Based on a sample of 102 articles collected from the Scopus and Web of Science databases, this approach identified four thematic groups: growing circular SMEs, born circular firms and start‐ups, social entrepreneurship in CE, and support ecosystem for circular entrepreneurship. A greater emphasis on the study of growing circular SMEs to the detriment of other groups is observed. Also, research in the field is mainly focused on European countries. We then propose a future research agenda and a conceptual model for the entrepreneurial process in CE as a point of departure for further developing and deepening the literature on circular entrepreneurship.
miRNA‐122‐5p in POI ovarian‐derived exosomes promotes granulosa cell apoptosis by regulating BCL9
Authors: Zhang Xiujuan , Zhang Ruihong , Hao Jing , Huang Xiaoyan , Liu Ming , Lv Mengxiao , Su Chan , Mu Yu‐Lan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study is to explore the therapeutic effect and potential mechanisms of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) derived from the ovaries with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). The POI mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CTX) and busulfan. The apoptosis of granulosa cells (GCs) incubated with exosomes extracted from ovarian tissues of control and POI groups was analyzed by flow cytometry. Then, high‐throughput sequencing was performed to detect the difference of miRNAs profile in ovarian tissue‐derived exosomes between the control and POI mice. The effect of differential miRNA on the apoptosis of CTX‐induced ovarian GCs was analyzed by flow cytometry. The results showed that POI mouse model was successfully established. Exosomes extracted from ovarian of normal and POI group have different effects on apoptosis of GCs induced by CTX. miRNA‐seq found that exosomal miR‐122‐5p in POI group increased significantly. miR‐122‐5p as the dominant miRNA targeting BCL9 was significantly upregulated in ovarian tissues of chemotherapy‐induced POI group. Exosomes derived from the ovaries in the control group and miR‐122‐5p inhibitor group attenuated the apoptosis of primary cultured ovarian GCs. In conclusion, exosomal miR‐122‐5p promoted the apoptosis of ovarian GCs by targeting BCL9, suggested that miR‐122‐5p may function as a potential target to restore ovarian function.
Monoterpene Alkaloids from Incarvillea delavayi Bureau et Franchet and Their Inhibition against LPS Induced NO Production in BV2 Cells
Authors: Shen Xiu‐Ping , Chen Hong , Li Shan‐Shan , Li Jia‐Yu , Li Xu , Zu Xian‐Peng , Xu Xi‐Ke , Li Xian , Shen Yun‐Heng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThree new monoterpene alkaloids, delavatines C–E (1–3), along with five known ones (4–8), were separated from the whole plants of Incarvillea delavayi. All compounds were deduced by interpretation of comprehensive NMR spectral data and X‐Ray single crystal diffraction, in combination with a quantum chemical calculation of NMR chemical shift coupled with an advanced statistical procedure DP4+. Compounds 1–8 were assessed NO suppressive effect in LPS‐stimulated BV2 microglia cells. Compounds 2, 3, 6, and 8 exhibited significant inhibition against NO production in LPS‐induced BV2 cells with IC50 values of 25.62, 17.29, 19.94 and 23.88 μM, stronger than or comparable to the positive control (AG) with IC50 value of 26.13 μM.