bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novice Users of a Bodyweight–Supporting Treadmill Require Familiarization
Authors: Naylon Jordyn A. , Sutherlin Mark A. , True Larissa , Dames Kevin D. 
Published: April 2022

Context: Previous work has demonstrated an improvement in running economy during sustained running on a lower body positive pressure treadmill, but neuromuscular and spatiotemporal measures have only been investigated during short-duration running bouts on these devices. The current study sought to replicate the noted metabolic response and investigate whether neuromuscular and/or spatiotemporal adaptations underlie the noted improvements in running economy. Design: Cross-sectional. Methods: Fifteen trained runners (11 males and 4 females) ran three 15-minute trials with 30% bodyweight support at 70% of the speed that elicited their peak oxygen consumption while running on a standard treadmill. A series of 1-way analyses of variance with repeated measures were used to explore differences in dependent variables over the 45 minutes of running. Dependent variables included oxygen consumption, root-mean-square electromyography of the vastus medialis and medial gastrocnemius during stance, and spatiotemporal parameters. Results: Oxygen consumption decreased after the initial exposure, with no further reductions after 20 minutes. Root-mean-square electromyography of the vastus medialis and medial gastrocnemius also decreased over time, with no further reductions after 20 and 10 minutes, respectively. No differences in spatiotemporal parameters were found. Conclusions: Future research should provide sufficient time for runners to develop a more economical gait pattern prior to collecting dependent variables, and previous findings using lower body positive pressure treadmills may need to be reconsidered. Athletes using these devices for training or rehabilitation should note that increased economy will lower the intensity of a given treadmill setting over time.
Impact of Embedding High-Intensity Interval Training in Schools and Sports Training on Children and Adolescent’s Cardiometabolic Health and Health-Related Fitness: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Eather Narelle , Babic Mark , Riley Nicholas , Costigan Sarah A. , Lubans David R. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to identify studies evaluating the impact of high-intensity interval training when delivered in school and sports training. Methods: A systematic search of 10 databases (September 2019) identified 24 eligible studies (including children and/or adolescents 5–18 years and reporting cardiometabolic health and/or health-related fitness outcomes), assessed for quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (version 2.0). Outcomes were synthesized using a random-effects meta-analysis, and potential moderators were explored (i.e., study duration, risk of bias, age, and deliverer/instructor). Results: Standardized mean difference for the effects of high-intensity interval training were significant for body mass index g = −0.27 (p < .001), cardiorespiratory fitness g = 0.27 (p < .001), lower body muscular fitness g = 0.49 (p = .005), and upper body muscular fitness g = 0.37 (p = .002); but not for blood pressure (p > .05). Risk of bias results were variable (low = 8, some concerns = 9, and high = 7). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that embedding high-intensity interval training in schools and sports training can facilitate improvements in some aspects of cardiometabolic health and fitness in children and adolescents.
Impact of government-funded insulin pump programs on insulin pump use in Canada: a cross-sectional study using the National Diabetes Repository
Authors: Song Cimon , Booth Gillian L , Perkins Bruce A , Weisman Alanna 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionInsulin pump access in type 1 diabetes may be inequitable. We studied the association between government funding programs for insulin pumps and rates of insulin pump use and disparities between pump users and non-users.Research design and methodsAdults with type 1 diabetes were identified in the National Diabetes Repository, a primary care electronic medical record database of individuals with diabetes from five Canadian provinces. Proportions of individuals using insulin pumps were compared between provinces with and without pump funding programs. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds of insulin pump use adjusting for confounders. Univariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds of insulin pump use according to each predictor, according to pump funding program status.ResultsOf 1559 adults with type 1 diabetes, proportions using insulin pumps were 47.8% (95% CI 45.1% to 50.5%) and 37.7% (95% CI 31.5% to 44.1%) in provinces with and without pump funding programs (p=0.0038). Adjusting for age, sex, HbA1c, income quintile, and rural/urban location, the OR for insulin pump use was 1.45 (1.08–1.94) for provinces with pump funding programs compared with provinces without. Higher income was associated with a greater odds of insulin pump use in provinces with pump funding programs, and rural/urban location was not associated with insulin pump use.ConclusionsInsulin pump use is more common in regions with government funding programs. Further research is required to best understand and comprehensively address persistent income disparities between pump users and non-users despite the availability of reimbursement programs.
A note on a class of permutation trinomials
Authors: Gupta Rohit , Rai Amritanshu 
Published: April 2022

Let [Formula: see text] denote the finite field with [Formula: see text] elements. In this paper, we investigate the trinomial [Formula: see text] over the finite field [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] being a positive integer. We prove that the trinomial [Formula: see text] permutes [Formula: see text] if and only if [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is even. This work is a continuation of the previous work of Bai and Xia [A new class of permutation trinomials constructed from Niho exponents, Cryptogr. Commun. 10 (2018) 1023–1036].
LGNet: Local and global representation learning for fast biomedical image segmentation
Authors: Xu Guoping , Zhang Xuan , Liao Wentao , Chen Shangbin , Wu Xinglong 
Published: April 2022

Medical image segmentation plays a crucial role in clinical diagnosis and therapy systems, yet still faces many challenges. Building on convolutional neural networks (CNNs), medical image segmentation has achieved tremendous progress. However, owing to the locality of convolution operations, CNNs have the inherent limitation in learning global context. To address the limitation in building global context relationship from CNNs, we propose LGNet, a semantic segmentation network aiming to learn local and global features for fast and accurate medical image segmentation in this paper. Specifically, we employ a two-branch architecture consisting of convolution layers in one branch to learn local features and transformer layers in the other branch to learn global features. LGNet has two key insights: (1) We bridge two-branch to learn local and global features in an interactive way; (2) we present a novel multi-feature fusion model (MSFFM) to leverage the global contexture information from transformer and the local representational features from convolutions. Our method achieves state-of-the-art trade-off in terms of accuracy and efficiency on several medical image segmentation benchmarks including Synapse, ACDC and MOST. Specifically, LGNet achieves the state-of-the-art performance with Dice’s indexes of 80.15% on Synapse, of 91.70% on ACDC, and of 95.56% on MOST. Meanwhile, the inference speed attains at 172 frames per second with [Formula: see text] input resolution. The extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed LGNet for fast and accurate for medical image segmentation.
Pore Structure and Multifractal Characteristics of Overmature Continental Shale: A Case Study from the Xujiaweizi Fault Depression, Songliao Basin, China
Authors: Lu Jiamin , Yang Liang , Zhu Yingkang , Sun Lidong , Lu Shuangfang , Zhang Pengfei , Zou Nengwu , Lin Zizhi 
Published: April 2022

Overmature continental shales are widely distributed in China, while few investigations have been conducted. The pore structure is a critical parameter controlling the resource potential of shale gas. However, the pore structure and heterogeneity of continental shales from the Shahezi Formation, Xujiaweizi Fault, Songliao Basin are not well revealed. In this study, helium porosity and permeability, low-temperature N2 adsorption (NGA), mercury intrusion capillary pressure (MICP), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were applied and characterized to the pore structures of continental shales. Moreover, the heterogeneity and complexity of the pore structure were revealed by the multifractal based on the NMR

T

2

spectrum. The results showed that clay minerals, quartz, and feldspar are the dominant minerals in the continental shales, and the most content of the clay minerals is the illite-smectite. The studied shales are the low porosity (mean 1.73%) and the ultralow permeability (mean 0.0707 mD) tight reservoirs. The hysteresis loops of ten shales belong to Types H2 and H3, characterized by high special surface area (mean 5.28 m2/g) and pore volume (mean

14.15
×

10

−
3

c

m

3

/
g

). The pore size distributions are unimodal, and Type H3 shales have more larger pores than Type H2 shales. MICP results indicate that the pore-throats are almost less than 20 nm. NMR

T

2

spectra commonly show three peeks, i.e., p1 (<1 ms), p2 (1~20 ms), and p3 (>20 ms) with the small

T

2
,
g
m

values, ranging from 0.18 ms to 1.36 ms (0.69 ms), which suggests that more nanopores are in the continental shales. Moreover, the average movable fluid percentage is low, ranging from 1.22% to 15.08% (mean 6.84%). The singularity strength range (

Δ
α

) shows that pore structures are heterogeneous. And the heterogeneity and complexity can be better revealed by the multifractal spectra rather than a monofractal model.
Lagrangian Vertical Spreading and Its Relation to Diapycnal Diffusivity
Authors: Qian Yu-Kun , Peng Shiqiu , Wen Xixi , Zhang Hua 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The present study provides a theoretical linkage between the Lagrangian dispersion diffusivity and the diapycnal diffusivity in the context of vertical mixing, although previous studies have demonstrated their equivalence under the assumptions of stationary, homogeneous, and stratified turbulence. This is achieved in a new coordinate in which the fluid density is adiabatically sorted in the vertical direction. In the density-sorted coordinate, 1) the vertical motion of Lagrangian particles is solely subjected to irreversible diffusion process; 2) relations between Lagrangian dispersion diffusivity, diapycnal diffusivity, and the generalized Osborn diffusivity are exact; and 3) a generalization of the classical Munk balance between vertical advection and diffusion is also illustrated in an exact sense. Since the adiabatic sorting of the fluid does not require the turbulence to be statistically stationary, homogeneous, and stably stratified, the present solution eliminated these requirements and is thus more general than previous studies. Upon this, a new Lagrangian diagnostic is proposed to quantify the local, instantaneous, and irreversible mixing. Applications are demonstrated in a turbulent scenario of internal wave breaking induced by current–topography interaction, in which the turbulence is intermittent, nonstationary, and inhomogeneous.
The Death Anxiety Experienced by Cardiac Patients in the Covid-19 Pandemic and Its Affecting Factors
Authors: Tülüce Derya , Kaplan Serin Emine 
Published: April 2022

The study was conducted to determine the death anxiety experienced by heart patients and the affecting factors in the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was conducted with 148 patients hospitalized in the cardiology clinic of a university hospital between April and August 2021 in the southeast in Turkey. The data were collected with the personal information form, death anxiety scale, coronavirus anxiety scale and Covid-19 fear scale developed by the researchers. Data analysis was performed by using IBM SPSS Statistics 25. Descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of the data. Correlation and regression analysis were performed to determine the relationship between scales. The mean age of the patients was 64.99+15.56 years and 56.1% were male. 57.4% of them were hospitalized with a diagnosis of coronary artery disease. During the pandemic, it was determined that 74.3% of the patients followed social distance, 71.6% wore masks, 58.8% used disinfectants. The patients had moderate death anxiety, low coronavirus anxiety, and high covid 19 fear. A positive linear correlation was found between anxiety and fear scale and death anxiety total and sub-dimensions. As a result, the fear of COVID-19 may increase the fear of death in individuals with heart disease. Patients who are worried about being infected with Covid 19 during the pandemic process have more fear of death.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of First-Year Undergraduate Students Studying at a Major Canadian University: A Successive Cohort Study
Authors: King Nathan , Pickett William , Rivera Daniel , Byun Jin , Li Melanie , Cunningham Simone , Duffy Anne 
Published: April 2022

Objective To examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on first year undergraduate student mental health. Methods As part of the Queen’s University U-Flourish Student Well-Being and Academic Success study, three successive cohorts of students entering undergraduate studies in 2018 (pre-pandemic), 2019 (transitional), and 2020 (during pandemic) completed electronic surveys at entry and completion of first year. Validated self-report measures were used to assess mental health status including symptom levels of anxiety, depression, and insomnia, self-harm and frequency of substance use. Propensity matching and multivariable log-binomial regression were used in comparisons of mental health indicators across the cohorts. Results Clinically significant symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and self-harm were reported more frequently in the 2020–2021 cohort, coincident with remote learning and pandemic restrictions. In female students, screen positive rates for anxiety and depression, and suicidal ideation increased from about one-third to just under one-half in association with the pandemic (χ2, p < .01), while increases in mental health concerns were less pronounced among males. Among females, increases in clinically significant symptoms over first year appeared greatest during the pandemic year, while striking decreases in alcohol consumption in both females and males were reported in that same year. Studying under pandemic conditions had a negative impact on student well-being, social relationships and school connectedness, quality of learning experience, leisure activities, and optimism about future prospects. Conclusions Mental health concerns including anxiety, depression and sleep problems increased in first year students during the pandemic, especially among females, while alcohol use declined. These findings highlight the negative mental health impact associated with studying under pandemic restrictions involving remote learning and social distancing.
Design of a Novel Orthodontic Appliance to Prevent Pedicle Trauma in Patients Undergoing Double-Opposing Buccal Flaps for Palatal Lengthening
Authors: Hill Sarah E. , Ickow Ilana M. , He Waverley , Buckley Rae A. , Steinberg Jordan P. 
Published: April 2022

Objective To describe a novel orthodontic appliance to prevent pedicle trauma in patients undergoing double-opposing buccal flap surgery for secondary palatal lengthening. Design Case series. Setting Cleft and craniofacial clinic, Johns Hopkins Children's Center. Patients, Participants Four patients undergoing double-opposing buccal flap surgery for repair of velopharyngeal insufficiency. Interventions Patients were fitted with the device, which consists of a lower lingual holding arch with acrylic bite blocks. Main Outcome Measure Presence of pedicle trauma postsurgery and tolerability of the device. Results The appliance was well tolerated in all 4 patients and no biting trauma to the pedicles was observed. Conclusions A reliable appliance has been developed to prevent biting trauma to the pedicles in patients undergoing double-opposing buccal flap surgery in the permanent dentition stage.
Civatte Bodies in Pediatric Esophageal Biopsies: Does Lichen Esophagitis Pattern Occur in Children?
Authors: Saab-Chalhoub Mario W. , Correa Hernán , Anderson Julia L. , Kovach Alexandra E. , Salaria Safia N. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose and context Civatte bodies (CB) are associated with cutaneous and mucosal lichen planus in adults. They are a distinct feature of Lichen Esophagitis Pattern, which is not well described in children. We characterized clinicopathologic associations of archival esophageal CB at our Children’s Hospital to determine whether lichen planus or Lichen Esophagitis Pattern occurs in children. Method Pathology records were queried for pediatric esophageal biopsy diagnoses containing “CB,” “apoptosis, “necrosis,” or “dyskeratosis.” Cases with concurrent eosinophilic/acute esophagitis were excluded. H&E slides and clinical reports were reviewed. Key results Biopsies with CB or similar were identified from 19 patients and had been termed “dyskeratotic cells” in 8 reports. Patients had variable age and presenting symptoms, male predominance (74%), and frequent clinical history of polypharmacy (47%), Crohn disease (42%), and/or celiac disease (21%). Civatte bodies were prominent in the distal esophagus (95%), as few isolated cells (63%), and with variable chronic inflammation (absent, pauci-inflammatory, and lichen planus-like in approximately one-third of cases each). Conclusions We show that esophageal CB from pediatric patients are under-recognized and may have different features and implications compared to Lichen Esophagitis Pattern in adults. Recognition and documentation of pediatric esophageal CB is needed to understand their clinical significance.
Live imaging of platelets and neutrophils during antibody-mediated neurovascular thrombosis
Authors: Laroche Audree , Soulet Denis , Bazin Marc , Levesque Tania , Allaeys Isabelle , Vallières Nicolas , Gunzer Matthias , Flamand Louis , Lacroix Steve , Boilard Eric 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Immune complexes form in systemic disorders such as rheumatological, autoimmune, and allergic diseases or in response to infections or medications. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) adenoviral vector vaccines have been associated with rare yet serious thrombotic complications in the brain due to the formation of immune complexes that activate platelets. There are currently no data visualizing the interplay of platelets with leukocytes and the brain vasculature endothelium in response to immune complexes. This is in part due to the absence of FcγRIIA in mice, a receptor for immune complexes implicated in these thrombotic incidents. Here, we describe and illustrate events at the cellular level that take place in the brain vasculature in response to systemic administration of surrogate immune complexes. We used Ly6gCre+/−::Rosa26-TdT+/−::CD41-YFP+/− mice expressing the FcγRIIA transgene and fluorescence in neutrophils and platelets. Using real-time videomicroscopy to capture high-velocity events in conjunction with unbiased computer-assisted analyses, we provide images and quantifications of the cellular responses downstream of FcγRIIA stimulation. We observed transient and stable platelet–neutrophil interactions, platelets forming thrombi, and neutrophil adhesion to blood vessel walls. This imaging approach in a quadruple transgenic animal model can be used for the study of the pathogenic roles of immune complexes in disease.
Modulation of microRNAs and claudin-7 in Caco-2 cell line treated with Blastocystis sp., subtype 3 soluble total antigen
Authors: Mohammad Rahimi Hanieh , Yadegar Abbas , Asadzadeh Aghdaei Hamid , Mirjalali Hamed , Zali Mohammad Reza 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Blastocystis sp., is a eukaryote of the large intestine, which is reported from almost all countries. The pathogenesis of this protist is not clear. The current study aimed to analyze the effects of Blastocystis sp., ST3 soluble total antigen (B3STA) on the microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in the gut permeability and also pro-inflammatory cytokines, occludin, and claudin-7.

Methods
Blastocystis sp., ST3 isolated from stool sample was purified, and its soluble total antigen was extracted using freeze and thawing. The Caco-2 cell line was treated with B3STA for 24 h and the expression levels of mir-16, mir-21, mir-29a, mir-223, and mir-874 were analyzed. In addition, the expression levels of il-8, il-15, occludin, and claudin-7 genes were assessed.

Results
B3STA significantly upregulated the expression of mir-223, and mir-874, and downregulated mir-29a. The expression of mir-16 and mir-21 was not significant. In addition, the expression of il-8 and il-15 was not significant. B3STA significantly decreased the expression level of claudin-7 (P-value < 0.0001), but the expression of occludin was not significant. Our results showed significant correlation between all studied miRNAs, except mir-29a, with downregulation of claudin-7.

Conclusions
This is the first study investigating the effects of Blastocystis sp., ST3 isolated from symptomatic subjects on the expression levels of miRNAs involved in the gut permeability. Our results demonstrated that B3STA may change miRNA expression, which are involved in the gut barrier integrity, and downregulates claudin-7, which is known as sealing factor.
Effects of supervised high-intensity hardstyle kettlebell training on grip strength and health-related physical fitness in insufficiently active older adults: the BELL pragmatic controlled trial
Authors: Meigh Neil J. , Keogh Justin W. L. , Schram Ben , Hing Wayne , Rathbone Evelyne N. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Ballistic Exercise of the Lower Limb (BELL) trial examined the efficacy and safety of a pragmatic hardstyle kettlebell training program in older adults. Insufficiently active men and women aged 59–79 years, were recruited to a 6-month repeated measures study, involving 3-months usual activity and 3-months progressive hardstyle kettlebell training. Health-related physical fitness outcomes included: grip strength [GS], 6-min walk distance [6MWD], resting heart rate [HR], stair-climb [SC], leg extensor strength [LES], hip extensor strength [HES], Sit-To-Stand [STS], vertical jump [CMVJ], five-times floor transfer [5xFT], 1RM deadlift, body composition (DXA), attendance, and adverse events. Sixteen males (68.8 ± 4.6 yrs, 176.2 ± 7.8 cm, 90.7 ± 11.0 kg, 29.2 ± 2.6 kg/m2) and sixteen females (68.6 ± 4.7 yrs, 163.9 ± 5.4 cm, 70.4 ± 12.7 kg, 26.3 ± 4.9 kg/m2) were recruited. Compliance with the supervised exercise program was very high (91.5%). Kettlebell training increased GS (R: MD = 7.1 kg 95% CI [4.9, 9.3], L: MD = 6.3 kg 95% CI [4.1, 8.4]), 6MWD (41.7 m, 95% CI [17.9, 65.5]), 1RM (16.2 kg, 95% CI [2.4, 30.0]), 30 s STS (3.3 reps, 95% CI [0.9, 5.7]), LES (R: MD = 61.6 N, 95% CI [4.4, 118.8]), HES (L: MD = 21.0 N,95% CI [4.2,37.8]), appendicular skeletal lean mass (MD = 0.65 kg, 95% CI [0.08, 1.22]), self-reported health change (17.1%, 95% CI [4.4, 29.8]) and decreased SC time (2.7 s, 95% CI [0.2, 5.2]), 5xFT time (6.0 s, 95% CI [2.2, 9.8]) and resting HR (7.4 bpm, 95% CI [0.7, 14.1]). There were four non-serious adverse events. Mean individual training load for group training sessions during the trial was 100,977 ± 9,050 kg. High-intensity hardstyle kettlebell training was well tolerated and improved grip strength and measures of health-related physical fitness in insufficiently active older adults.Trial registration: Prospectively registered: 20/08/2019, Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619001177145).