bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal and sexual variations of trace-metal elements (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe) in muscle and eggs of the deep-water Pandalid shrimp Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt, 1851) from Northeast Algeria
Authors: OUDAINIA Salah Eddine , DERBAL Farid , ALIK Ourida , BOUREHAIL Nadjette 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The level of trace metal elements (TME) (Cd, Pd, Cu, Zn, Fe) was determined according to the seasons and the sexes in the muscle and the eggs of the deep-water pandalid shrimp Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt 1851) of the east coast of Algeria. Using the inductively coupled atomic plasma emission spectrometry method (ICP AES), the distribution of trace metals shows a significant fluctuation according to the seasons and the sex. Throughout the annual sampling, the order of heavy metal concentrations in female and male muscle, as well as in eggs were Cd < Cu < Fe < Zn < Pb, Cd < Cu < Zn < Pb < Fe, Cd < Cu < Fe < Zn < Pb respectively. In this work the heavy metal concentrations in target tissues are below the permissible limits set by the international standard except for Pb, mainly in summer, autumn and spring, exhibiting alarming levels.
Characterizing the kinetics of presepsin and associated inflammatory biomarkers in human endotoxemia
Authors: Aulin Linda B.S. , Kleijburg Anne , Moerland Matthijs , Hasselt J. G. Coen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, we describe the kinetic new potential inflammatory biomarker, presepsin, together with a panel of well-established biomarkers in a human endotoxemia study. We evaluated and identified biomarker correlations that could hold valuable insight regarding state of inflammation and infection when considered in combination. Our study builds towards using biomarkers as treatment response biomarkers.
Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Impact on Visual Outcomes in Patients with Viral Retinitis Associated Retinal Detachment
Authors: Zhou Ashley , Ong Sally , Ahmed Ishrat , Arevalo Fernando , Cai Cindy , Handa James 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: While socioeconomic disparities impact clinical care and patient outcomes, their impact on the anatomic and visual outcomes of retinal detachment in patients with viral retinitis is unstudied. Methods: This case series included 19 eyes in 19 patients from a single academic institution between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2018. Patient characteristics including age, sex, race, ethnicity, insurance, immunosuppression, viral retinitis, retinal detachment, retinal detachment repair, visual and anatomic outcomes, missed appointments, and Area Deprivation Index [ADI] were collected. Findings: The low-ADI group, indicating less socioeconomic disadvantage, was comprised of twelve patients with national ADIs less than 38, and the high-ADI group of six patients with national ADIs greater than 38. High-ADI patients tended to be younger (average age 38.0 versus 51.3; P=0.06), of female sex (P=0.03), and had more missed appointments (median 11.0 vs 0; P=0.002). A similar number of patients in both the high-ADI and low-ADI groups underwent pars plana vitrectomy alone or pars plana vitrectomy with scleral buckle. Visual acuity was similar in the high-ADI group than in the low-ADI group at baseline, but worse at the final follow-up visit (P=0.004). Post-operative and final visit ocular hypotony were more common in the high-ADI group (P=0.02). Conclusion: In our series, socioeconomic disadvantage negatively affects the visual outcomes in patients with viral retinitis associated-retinal detachments. These factors should be considered by ophthalmologists when treating these patients.
General Review on Mathematical Modeling in the Hypothalamus Pituitary Thyroid System
Authors: Goede Simon L. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Abstract Background: Mathematical modeling in the hypothalamus pituitary thyroid system has a long history that goes back to 1950 in the previous century. The idea of a mathematical behavioural model was mainly focussed on the hormone dynamics and mutual interactions as a function of time. However, the HPT system is much richer and more complicated than, for example, the dynamics of the solar system that can be described by elementary Newtonian dynamics. Furthermore the real time observability of hormone dynamics and the belonging interactions is challenging, to say the least and practically virtually impossible to follow. Besides these limitations the importance of such a model is nonexistent and therefore a useless effort for modeling. More important is the fact that the dynamic equilibrium relationship between the concentrations of free thyroxine (FT4) and thyrotropine (thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH) has provided a successful description and predictive model that is observable and can be verified with standard laboratory thyroid function tests.Objective: It is the objective of this review to describe the possibilities and limitations of dynamic time dependent models and the properties of transient state dynamics in the HPT system.Methods: With a multidisciplinary approach using electrical network theory, stochastic signal theory, control theory, calculus, laboratory measurement technology and the current knowledge of the physiology of the HPT system it is possible to find correct equilibrium steady state models that describe the behaviour of the HPT system which can be verified by standard individual thyroid function tests.Results: From observed endocrine physiological behavior it is clear that the coefficients of a time dependent function are also dependent on the amplitude of such a function at a certain moment. Furthermore the coefficients have revealed a dynamic mutual dependency.This results in a partial nonlinear differential equation that can be constructed after a separate analysis of the possible steady states of the system.There is a distinction between the models that describe the steady state physiological relationship between the observable values of the hormone concentrations, free thyroxine, (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyrotropine (TSH) and the time dependent behaviour of these variables. Only when the steady state space of the dynamic equilibrium conditions have been modeled and verified with individual thyroid function tests it is possible to find a true time dependent description of the non linear hormone interactions after a change from one state to another.
Simultaneous correction of secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity using autologous iliac cartilage during alveolar cleft repair
Authors: Li Yijun , Liao Lishu , Wang Xiaorong , Tang Shengyu , Zhong Yuxiang , Liang Li , Xiang Li , Li Wanshan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the postoperative outcomes of the correction of secondary nasal deformity associated with unilateral cleft lip with autologous iliac cartilage graft, we try to find a new source of cartilage graft for nasal deformity.
Methods: The operation to graft autologous iliac cancellous bone to treat alveolar cleft and cartilage to repair nasal deformity was performed simultaneously in 17 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate with complex nasal deformities from 2020 to 2021. Patient satisfaction, two-dimensional linear quantitative and three-dimensional radiographic results after the surgery were used to evaluate the effect of the surgery.
Results: Satisfactory effectiveness was achieved in all 17 patients after the operation. Seventeen patients were followed up for 6 to 24 months and presented symmetrical nostrils, higher nasal tip and natural nasal shape. Only two patients exhibited red nasal tips and abscess formation, which were cured by mupirocin ointment. Moreover, there was no endochondral ossification in the 17 patients after the operation.
Conclusions: Correcting the secondary nasal deformity associated with unilateral cleft lip with autologous iliac cartilage graft is feasible. It provides a new source of cartilage to avoid adding a new operative approach for cartilage obtaining and reduces the financial burden on patients' families. As for the positive results of this treatment, it is worth being widely used in clinical practice.
Key Words: autologous iliac cartilage, secondary nasal deformity, unilateral cleft lip, simultaneous correction
Horses’ interest in non-social odours varies with age and pregnancy in the Habituation/Dishabituation test paradigm
Authors: Rørvang Maria Vilain , Nicova Klára , Yngvesson Jenny 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In spite of the highly developed olfactory apparatus of horses, implying a high adaptive value, research on equine olfaction is sparse. Our limited knowledge on equine olfaction poses a risk that horse behaviour does not match human expectations, as horses e.g. might react fearful when exposed to certain odours which humans do not consider as frightening. The benefit of acquiring more knowledge of equine olfaction is therefore twofold; 1) it can aid the understanding of horse behaviour and hence reduce the risk of dangerous situations occurring, and 2) there may be unexplored potential of using odours in several practical situations where humans interact with horses, i.e. to improve management routines and the situation for the horses. This study investigated the olfactory sensitivity of 35 Icelandic horses who were presented with four odours: peppermint, orange, lavender and cedar wood in a Habituation/Dishabituation paradigm. The response variables were sniffing duration per presentation and behavioural reaction (licking, biting, snorting, and backing), and we moreover analysed the data for any potential effects of age, sex and gestational stage. Results showed horses were able to detect and distinguish between all four odours and showed increased interest for peppermint (Wilcoxon signed rank test: orange vs peppermint: V = 68, P < 0.001, lavender vs peppermint: V = 20, P < 0.001, cedar wood vs peppermint: V = 47, P < 0.001). More horses expressed licking behaviour when presented to peppermint compared to cedar wood and lavender (Fishers Exact test: peppermint vs lavender & peppermint vs cedar wood: OR = 4.40, P = 0.0068). Young horses (age 0-5 years) sniffed cedar wood for longer than old horses (Anova: F = 10.03, p-value = 0.004), and pregnant mares sniffed lavender less than non-pregnant mares (Wilcoxon signed rank test: pregnant vs not pregnant: W = 93, P = 0.02), whereas sex had no effect (Wilcoxon signed rank test: p = 0.4). The results showed that the test paradigm was meaningful for testing olfactory sensitivity in horses, and olfactory interest of horses varied with age and gestational status but not sex.
Test reliability and comparability of paper and Chinese electronic version of the Western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index: protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Zhang Yujie , zhao Ye , liu Kaoqiang , chai Yongli , lin Fen , Yuan Wei’an , Zheng Yuxin , Zhan Hongsheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The Western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) is the most commonly used indicator of disease-specific outcome in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) for its convenience and reliability. It has two formats— the paper-based WOMAC (p-WOMAC) and the electronic WOMAC (e-WOMAC). In China, the p-WOMAC has been widely used though e-WOMAC is yet untested. This study aims to test whether e-WOMAC is consistent with the p-WOMAC before and after the intervention. Methods: A total of 240 patients from Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM) will be randomly assigned in two groups which are named as group A and group B. This study is divided into three stages. In the first stage, patients in group A will be evaluated first by p-WOMAC and then by e-WOMAC. Patients in group B will be evaluated by e-WOMAC and then by p-WOMAC. In the second stage of the study, drug interventions will be implemented. 200mg celecoxib will be administered orally once a day starting from the second day of enrollment for a period of 21 days. The third stage is the consistency evaluation stage after intervention. The post-intervention evaluation will be conducted after administration. Patients in group A will be evaluated first by e-WOMAC and then by p-WOMAC. Patients in group B will be evaluated first by p-WOMAC and then by e-WOMAC. In order to avoid the possible bias because of patients’ potential memory, e-WOMAC and p-WOMAC will be taken for each patient at 15 minutes apart in the first and third stages. The comparison will include the overall score of the WOMAC, the score of each subscale and the score of individual items. Comparing the e-WOMAC with the p-WOMAC, the primary outcome of the study is the mean score difference in WOMAC, and the secondary outcomes are the score differences in three WOMAC subscales: pain, stiffness, and physical function. Discussion : This study will test reliability and comparability between e-WOMAC and p-WOMAC. Meanwhile, we will also collect and provide participants’ feedback after comparing two formats of the WOMAC. If the results are favorable, our findings will serve to demonstrate the equivalence of each version of the WOMAC so that it can be implemented in specialized medical activities. Likewise, our results will further demonstrate the feasibility of e-health for the personalize KOA treatment. Trial registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR2100050914. Registered on 8 Sep 2021, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=133521 Keywords: Chinese electronic version of WOMAC, Verification, Protocol
Clinical and laboratory specific parameters of COVID-19 in patients with TB/HIV co-infection
Authors: Alzhanov R. S. , Pyatibratova A. V. , Krasnov D. V. , Kapustin D. V. , Anufriev S. V. 
Published: May 2022

The objective: to study clinical and laboratory specific parameters of the COVID-19 course in patients with TB/HIV co-infection, to analyze changes in the lungs caused by COVID-19 in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and concurrent HIV infection.Subjects and Methods. 68 HIV-infected patients aged 18-66 years old were included in the study, they all were admitted to the Novosibirsk State Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Hospital, Novosibirsk, with confirmed COVID-19 from May 2020 to May 2021. Clinical manifestations, CD4 count and HIV RNA level, and the presence of secondary infections were assessed.Results. In patients with severe and profound immunodeficiency, coronavirus infection was more often mild to moderate, and in immunocompetent patients – moderate to severe. However, patients with profound immunodeficiency were at greater risk of an adverse outcome due to lymphohematogenic progression of tuberculosis and concurrent opportunistic infections.Conclusion. When diagnosing and treating COVID-19 in patients with comorbid HIV infection and tuberculosis, it is important to consider the form of tuberculosis and CD4+ count.
Models of сlinical situations – a new methodological approach to analysis of patient populations in TB facilities
Authors: Pyanzova T. V. , Dzhangildin Yu. T. , Vasilyeva I. А. 
Published: May 2022

The objective: to develop methodological approaches for assessing patient population in a TB unit based on models of patients who died in a TB hospital.Subjects and Methods. A retrospective study included 413 patients who died in a TB hospital during periods of varying HIV infection prevalence. As a methodological approach to assessing the structure of this group of patients, 4 models of clinical situations have been proposed. The models considered severity and presence of tuberculosis infection, HIV infection, lesions of the central nervous system and concomitant non-communicable diseases. As an example of proposed clinical models, a comparison was made of deceased patients in a TB hospital in two periods – 2007 and 2017, which differed mainly in the prevalence of HIV infection among TB patients.
Pendekatan Paulus dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Perbudakan: Analisis Sosio-Historis terhadap Surat Paulus kepada Filemon
Authors: Wenno Vincent Kalvin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract There are many texts and interpretations of slavery and its problems in the Greco-Roman world. However, few have attempted to unravel the approaches and strategies used to resolve the conflict by Paul with people/communities who have accepted the gospel. This study focuses on Paul’s role as a mediator to the slavery conflict between Philemonand Onesimus in his letter to Philemon. This study aims to analyze: First, the reasons for Paul being concerned on the issue of slavery in his letter to Philemon. Second, Paul’s approach in resolving the slavery conflict. Third, the relevance of Paul’s approach in resolving the slavery conflict in modern life. To reach these objectives, this study uses a socio-historical interpretation method, which emphasizes the reciprocal relationshipbetween humans with all their dynamics and interactions, which also influences the meaning of the biblical text. The data collected in the form of literature studies/scientific literature related to the title of this study, were processed and presented in the form of a description.
Abstrak Ada banyak teks dan penafsiran tentang isu perbudakan dan masalahnya dalam konteks masyarakat Yunani-Romawi pada masa Rasul Paulus. Namun demikian, kajian mengenai pendekatan dan strategi Paulus dalam penyelesaian konflik pada orang/komunitas yang telah menerima Injil, masih jarang dilakukan. Studi ini mempertanyakan peranan dan pendekatan yang dipakai Paulus dalam konflik perbudakan dan relevansinya dalam konteks masa kini. Dengan menggunakan kritik sosio-historis, studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis: Pertama, Alasan isu perbudakan menjadi perhatian Paulus dalam suratnya kepada Filemon. Kedua, Pendekatan Paulus dalam penyelesaian konflik perbudakan. Ketiga, Relevansi pendekatan Paulus dalam penyelesaian konflik perbudakan dalam kehidupan modern. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, studi ini menggunakan metode penafsiran sosiohistoris, yang menekankan pada hubungan timbal balik antar manusia dengan segala dinamika dan interaksinya, yang turut memengaruhi pemaknaan teks Alkitab. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa kajian-kajian pustaka/literatur ilmiah yang berhubungan dengan judul studi ini, kemudian akan diolah dan disajikan dalam bentuk deskripsi.
Validitas Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Web pada Materi Sistem Pernapasan Manusia Kelas VIII di SMP
Authors: Mufidah Lailatul , Habibi Mohammad Wildan 
Published: May 2022

Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam adalah sebuah ilmu yang menghubungkan antara alam bahkan manusia yang sangat luas serta terbentuk secara ilmiah. Seiring dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahun dan teknologi di era globalisasi proses belajar mengajar menjadi modern. Perlunya menggunakan media web yang praktis dan efektif mendukung keberhasian pembelajaran IPA dan menambah pengetahuan teknologi yang ada di sekolah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui validitas dan respon siswa mengenai media pembelajaran berbasis web. penelitian ini menggunakan model tahapan ADDIE yaitu analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluation. Akan tetapi peneliti hanya sampai tahapan implementasi karena adanya keterbatasan waktu. Subjek penelitian ini terdiri dari dua dosen, dua guru, 10 siswa dalam uji skala kecil, serta 30 siswa untuk uji skala besar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan media pembelajaran web pada materi sistem pernapasan manusia dikategorikan valid dengan persentase ahli materi 95%, ahli media 88%, guru TIK 84% serta guru IPA 92% sehingga persentase keseluruhan yaitu 90% layak digunakan sebagai alat bantu siswa mengenai materi sistem pernapasan manusia. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah diterapkan oleh peneliti bahwa media ini harus lebih dimodifikasi dari segi konten agar kedepannya semakin berkembang serta pendidik harus lebih memahami dan mempelajari teknologi yang lebih lanjut.
Predictors of access to safe drinking water: policy implications
Authors: Shadabi Leila , Ward Frank A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNearly one-quarter of the world's population lacks effective access to safe drinking water (SDW). The discovery and implementation of affordable and workable measures to supply safe affordable drinking water internationally remains elusive. Few works have examined a range of economic, institutional, and governance factors influencing that access. To address these gaps in the literature, the current study investigates the role of selected economic, demographic, and hydrologic characteristics as well as institutional and governance indicators, all of which could contribute to explaining access to SDW internationally. It estimates regression models based on data from 74 countries for the period 2012–2017. Results contribute to our understanding of factors that are significant at influencing access to SDW. Results show that demographic, economic, size of the public sector, governance, and educational factors all play important roles. Surprisingly, the avoidance of high levels of corruption and the protection of high levels of civil liberties reveal weaker-than-expected effects. Results carry important implications for informing choices facing communities who seek economically affordable measures to provide access to safe affordable drinking water.
Evaluation of Clinical Findings with MRI Venography in Patients with
Idiopatic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Aksu Yusuf , Tiryaki Şaban 
Published: May 2022

Objectives:
To evaluate clinical data and Magnetic Resonance Venography (MRV) findings
together in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).

Materials and Methods:
In this retrospective study between January 2009 and February 2021, conventional
MRI and MRV examinations were performed on 30 patients who were admitted to the neurology
service of Erciyes University Medical Faculty with the pre-diagnosis of IIH, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
pressure was measured in these patients to confirm the diagnosis of IIH. Transverse Sinus Stenosis
Ratio (TS SR), Superior Sagittal Sinus (SSS) diameter, Sinus Rectus (SR) diameter, Stenosis Segment
Length (SSL) were studied.

Results:
High CSF pressure was detected in 22 of 30 patients with IIH pre-diagnosis. CSF pressure
was normal in 8 cases. TS SR was compared in all groups, right TS SR 0.63 ± 0.16, Left TS SR 0.55 ±
0.16 in the patient group with IIH, right TS SR 0.55 ±0.16 in the CSF pressure normal patient group,
Right TS SR 0.28 ± 0.07 Left TS SR 0.31 ± 0.07 in the control group Right TS SR It was 0.28 ± 0.09,
Sol TS SR was 0.30 ± 0.07.

Conclusion:
Before LP, the cranial venous system must be monitored. TS SR and CSF pressure are
directly proportional. The stenosis rate is important for IIH rather than SSL.
Radiographic, CT, and MRI Features of Generalized Lymphatic Anomaly
in a Boy
Authors: Ding Changwei , Wang Yue 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Generalized lymphatic anomaly (GLA) is a rare condition, mainly involving bones, soft tissue, and internal organs. The diagnosis of GLA is often difficult.

Case presentation:
We report a case of GLA in a boy who was initially treated for suspected Langerhans cell histiocytosis and discuss the potential imaging features of GLA. The clinical and imaging data of a case of GLA in an 8-year-old boy were analyzed retrospectively, and the literature was reviewed.

Results:
The case shows that it may be the imaging features of GLA that multiskeletal diffuse expansile cystic osteolytic lesions penetrate the cortical surface and extend within the cortex and the pumice-like or rotten wood-like rough appearance is on volume-rendered 3D CT images, and that MRI reveals their cystic nature. Soft tissue multi-cystic masses increase diagnostic confidence. Fatty infiltration of multiple vertebral bodies and sternum, namely, abnormal T1 and T2 hyperintense and fat-suppressed T2 hypointense on MRI and the corresponding low density similar to that of fat on CT, suggests that GLA involves the vertebrae and sternum, which may be accompanied by chylothorax.

Conclusion:
GLA in bone has typical features on CT. MRI reveals its cystic nature, and typical soft tissue lesions and chylothorax increase confidence in diagnosis.