bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Mind of Winter: The Transformative Experience of Estrangement by a Stateless Kurd in Exile in Denmark
Authors: Bregnbæk Susanne 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article explores the transformative experience of estrangement by a Kurdish Iranian refugee named Hiwa in exile in Denmark. Through a person‐centered approach, I focus on what was at stake for stateless people, such as Hiwa, at a time when right‐wing populist asylum politics made achieving permanent citizenship an uphill battle and leaving Denmark impossible due to the Dublin Regulation. Drawing on psychoanalytic theories of “the multiple self,” I describe Hiwa's changing self‐states as involving a triple reorientation in the form of an estranged relationship to his past, present, and envisioned future. I analyze this transformative experience as linked to an existential quest to find a space between the struggle for freedom and submission to a sense of powerlessness—experiences that sometimes elude conventional language. Finally, I suggest that reading poetry and writing about exile constituted a transitional experience enabling an inner world of emotions to be expressed. The article provides a window to the human consequences of the “Paradigm Shift” in Danish asylum politics, which entailed making all residence permits temporary—and more broadly to the growing problem of statelessness in Europe.
Incorporating thermal niche to benefit understanding climate‐induced biological variability in small pelagic fishes in the Kuroshio ecosystem
Authors: Ma Shuyang , Tian Yongjun , Li Jianchao , Ju Peilong , Sun Peng , Ye Zhenjiang , Liu Yang , Watanabe Yoshiro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractClimate‐induced fluctuations in marine fish populations have been raising great scientific concerns. Previous studies generally dedicate to parameterization of climatic, environmental, and biological variability patterns with focuses on their empirical or incompletely mechanistic relationships. Little consideration on physiological characteristics of organisms prevents from exploring mechanisms behind the apparent relationships. Therefore, incorporating physiological information into investigation on climate–environment–biology relationships is essential to understand climate‐induced biological variability. Small pelagic fishes play unparalleled roles in the Kuroshio ecosystem and show dramatic fluctuations in response to environmental changes, serving as ideal research targets in studies on climate‐induced biological variability. This study focuses on Japanese sardine, chub mackerel, and Japanese anchovy, three key small pelagic fishes in the Kuroshio ecosystem with distinct physiological characteristics, with attempts to incorporate thermal niches into investigations on their responses to climate variability. The recruitment suitable index (RSI) is developed considering both sea surface temperature (SST) and species thermal niche. Results show that the RSI significantly increase explanations on variations in resource abundance indices of the three key small pelagic fishes. Responses of small pelagic fishes to climate variability show differences by species and stocks. In addition, variations in the Siberian High pressure system and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation contribute highly to variations in resource abundance indices through affecting the SST and further the RSI. This study demonstrates importance of physiological information for understanding climate‐induced biological variability and effectiveness of combining thermal niches with the investigation on mechanistic climate–environment–biology relationships, which should be extensively considered in the future studies.
Microclimate‐based species distribution models in complex forested terrain indicate widespread cryptic refugia under climate change
Authors: Stark Jordan R. , Fridley Jason D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimSpecies’ climatic niches may be poorly predicted by regional climate estimates used in species distribution models (SDMs) due to microclimatic buffering of local conditions. Here, we compare SDMs generated using a locally validated below‐canopy microclimate model to those based on interpolated weather station data at two spatial scales to determine the effects of scale and topography on potential future below‐canopy warming and species distributions.LocationGreat Smoky Mountains National Park (2,090 km2; NC, TN, USA).Time period1970–2006, late‐century warming.Major taxa studiedVascular plant species of Southern Appalachian forests.MethodsWe compared the fit and spatio‐temporal predictions of SDMs generated using occurrence records of 154 plant species and three climate models: macroclimate (1 km, WorldClim), downscaled climate (based on a 30‐m digital elevation model), and fine‐scale microclimate (30 m) from a below‐canopy sensor network.ResultsWe found that, although SDM fit was similar across models, microclimate‐derived SDMs predicted substantially greater species persistence with 4°C of regional warming, with a difference of 50% of the species pool in some areas. Microclimate models predicted that warming trends will be buffered in high‐elevation and near‐stream habitats. Microclimate SDMs predicted higher stability of mid‐elevation species, particularly in thermally buffered areas near streams, and critically, less change in species composition at high elevation. In contrast, predictions of macroclimate and downscaled climate models were similar despite improved resolution.Main conclusionsOur results demonstrate that careful selection of climate drivers, including local near‐ground validation rather than downscaling solely with elevation, is critical for projecting distributions. They also suggest that some species at risk from climate change might persist, even with 4°C of macroclimate warming, in cryptic refugia buffered by microclimate, pointing to the roles of forest cover and topography in explaining slower‐than‐expected changes in understorey communities. However, certain species, such as those currently occurring on low‐elevation ridges that are sensitive to atmospheric changes, may be at more risk than macroclimate or downscaled climate SDMs suggest.
Global development, diasporic communities, and civic space
Authors: Peck Sarah 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOver the last twenty years increasing attention has been paid to the ways in which diasporic communities can shape global development processes, thorough a variety of intersecting scales and spatialities. This promotion of diasporic‐centred development has occurred in parallel to a narrowing of civic space and it is these juxtaposing narratives that this paper interrogates. This paper firstly considers diasporic‐centred development before moving on to think about how the contemporary narrowing of civic space may be (re)shaping diasporic civic life and participation in global development processes. The paper concludes that the spaces for diasporic civic participation in development are vulnerable to being squeezed in multiple intersecting ways, including through the racialised marginalisation of diasporic communities in everyday life, restrictions on diasporic associational life, the delegitimising of diasporic organisations in the (formal) development sphere and the extra‐territorial narrowing of diasporic civic space by state (and non‐state) actors. It is imperative that we explore the intersections in the diasporic‐civic space‐development nexus, with further research needed to understand how diasporic communities are responding to these changes, how diasporic civic spaces are reconfiguring and reconstituting themselves in this context, and what this means for global development.
Indignação and declaração corporal: Luta and artivism in Brazil during the times of the pandemic
Authors: Shymko Yuliya , Quental Camilla , Navarro Mena Madeleine 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this article, we interrogate vergonha alheia (shame on behalf of others; or “vicarious embarrassment”), which is experienced when viewing an embarrassing action from the outside. We question if shame—associated with the worst of human behavior brought about and made visible by the COVID‐19 pandemic—can ignite a new kind of cultural sensitivity to the pain of others. Turning to the work of several feminist scholars, we reveal the generative power of shame in artistic and political mobilization. We study examples of artistic activism (i.e., artivism) during the COVID‐19 pandemic, as presented by two Brazilian women—Adriana Calcanhotto and Debora Diniz. By intimately engaging with their work and situating it in the context of the popular feminist struggle in Brazil—that is, a luta (the struggle), we discern two performative patterns articulated through distinct symbolic utterances: indignação and declaração corporal (indignation and bodily declaration). We contend that these utterances help overcome individual apathy, summon radically different forms of sensitivity and meaning making that may initiate potentially transformative shifts in public perceptions of social justice. We conclude with our reflections on how feminist artivism in Latin America not only questions the validity of the abstract, universal, and modern human being but also reveals new frames of progress.
Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and growth outcomes in children: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Xu Chenjing , Wu Yao , Xu Shunfu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundMultiple studies have reported the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and children's growth. The results of these studies are controversial. Our meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the association between H. pylori infection and growth outcomes in children.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, as well as two Chinese databases, Wanfang, and CNKI from inception to September 2019. Odds ratios (ORs) and standardized mean differences (SMDs) with their 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were selected as the effect size. We assessed pooled data using a random‐effects model. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted.ResultsIn total, 29 studies provided data from 9384 subjects. The meta‐analysis results indicated a significant association of H. pylori infection with ponderal growth disorders (OR: 2.47; 95% CI: 1.13, 5.37; p = 0.02) and linear growth disorders (OR =1.76; 95% CI: 1.15, 2.69, p = 0.01). H. pylori infection has an adverse impact on children's height‐for‐age Z (HAZ) scores (SMD = −0.41; 95% CI: −0.69, −0.13; p < 0.01). Pooling SMDs by other outcomes (height, weight, BMI, weight‐for‐age and BMI‐for‐age Z scores, weight‐for‐age percentile scores, and linear and ponderal growth velocity with/without infection and eradication/non‐eradication) all indicated no significant association.ConclusionThe current evidence supports the hypothesis that H. pylori infection is associated with growth outcomes in children, mainly HAZ scores. Clinicians might consider H. pylori infection in investigating linear growth disorders in children.
Pepsinogen II in gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Di Mario Francesco , Crafa Pellegrino , Barchi Alberto , Franzoni Lorella , Franceschi Marilisa , Russo Michele , Bricca Ludovica , Brozzi Lorenzo , Rodriguez Castro Kryssia , Rugge Massimo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and AimIn the gastric mucosa, pepsinogen II (PgII) is produced/secreted by glands in the mucus‐secreting antral and cardia compartments, but also by the chief cells and the oxyntic glands. Increasing PgII serum levels are associated with the whole spectrum of gastric inflammatory diseases, including gastritis induced by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This review critically addresses the clinical value of PgII serology for assessing gastric mucosal inflammation, and as a marker of H. pylori status, in both H. pylori‐positive patients and after eradication therapy.ResultsA search in PubMed/Scopus records yielded 39 out of 1190 published scientific studies meeting the selection criteria for this study. In the studies considered, PgII levels were significantly associated with non‐atrophic gastric inflammatory lesions (p‐values: 0.025–0.0001). H. pylori‐positive patients had significantly higher PgII levels than H. pylori‐negative individuals (p‐values: 0.o5–0.0001). While a significant drop in serum PgII levels is consistently reported in H. pylori‐eradicated patients (p‐values: from 0.05 to 0.0001), inconsistencies in the related negative and positive predictive values significantly lower the clinical reliability of PgII testing by comparison with other available non‐invasive tests.ConclusionsPgII serology may provide clinically useful information on gastric inflammatory diseases, particularly if they are non‐atrophic. PgII serology is inconsistent, however, for the purposes of distinguishing patients whose H. pylori eradication therapy is successful from those who remain infected.
A broadband near‐infrared Sc1−x(PO3)3:XCr3+ phosphor with enhanced thermal stability and quantum yield by Yb3+ codoping
Authors: Yu Ting , Sheng Haoyang , Chen Shenghai , Yuan Jian , Deng Tingting , Wu Ming , Guo Yue , Zeng Qingguang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBroadband near‐infrared (NIR) phosphors converted light‐emitting diodes (pc‐LEDs) have attracted tremendous attention for their great potential in NIR spectroscopy applications. Herein, we report on the photoluminescence (PL) properties of Cr3+‐doped Sc(PO3)3, which exhibits a broadband NIR emission centered at 900 nm with a full width at half‐maximum (FWHM) of 161 nm upon excitation at 480 nm. In terms of the examination of spectroscopic parameters, we find that Cr3+ ions occupy a weak crystal field site (Dq/B = 1.94) in the Sc(PO3)3 host with a stronger electron–phonon coupling (Huang‐Rhys factor, S = 5.5), which results in a serious thermal quenching and a low internal quantum efficiency (IQE). Thermal stability and IQE of phosphors can be substantially enhanced by the introduction of Yb3+ ions. In the light of the analysis of excited‐state dynamics, we demonstrate that the enhancement mechanism is ascribed to the efficient Cr3+→Yb3+ energy transfer from the thermal sensitive Cr3+ centers to the thermal stable Yb3+ emitters. An NIR pc‐LED device has been finally fabricated by the combination of a blue‐emitting chip and a Cr3+/Yb3+ codoped Sc(PO3)3 phosphor whose potential application for broadband NIR pc‐LEDs is also discussed.
Organization capital effect in stock returns—The role of R&D
Authors: Chan Konan , Li Mei‐Xuan , Lin Chu‐Bin , Wang Yanzhi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrevious studies document a strong organization capital effect in stock returns. We investigate whether and how research and development (R&D) activities affect this organization capital effect. We find that the organization capital effect is stronger in firms with R&D activities. The annual abnormal return of the hedge portfolio sorted by organization capital is 2.41% for R&D firms but only 0.41% for non‐R&D firms. Further analyses show that the organization capital effect can be attributed to R&D characteristics rather than R&D risk factors.
LRP5 promotes cancer stem cell traits and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer
Authors: Nie Xiaobo , Liu Huiyang , Ye Wenling , Wei Xiaoyun , Fan Lili , Ma Han , Li Lanqing , Xue Wanting , Qi Wenting , Wang Yan‐Dong , Chen Wei‐Dong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe overactivation of canonical Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and the maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) are essential for the onset and malignant progression of most human cancers. However, their regulatory mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not yet been well demonstrated. Low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 5 (LRP5) has been identified as an indispensable co‐receptor with frizzled family members for the canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signal transduction. Herein, we show that activation of LRP5 gene promotes CSCs‐like phenotypes, including tumorigenicity and drug resistance in CRC cells, through activating the canonical Wnt/β‐catenin and IL‐6/STAT3 signalling pathways. Clinically, the expression of LRP5 is upregulated in human CRC tissues and closely associated with clinical stages of patients with CRC. Further analysis showed silencing of endogenous LRP5 gene is sufficient to suppress the CSCs‐like phenotypes of CRC through inhibiting these two pathways. In conclusion, our findings not only reveal a regulatory cross‐talk between canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway, IL‐6/STAT3 signalling pathway and CD133‐related stemness that promote the malignant behaviour of CRC, but also provide a valuable target for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
Advancing qualitative health research approaches in applied nutrition research
Authors: Moisey Lesley L. , A. Campbell Karen , Whitmore Carly , Jack Susan M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractApplied health research methods are evolving to meet the demands of increasingly complex health research needs. Qualitative health research, focused on individual perspectives of health, wellness, illness and recovery, has emerged as a unique discipline of this field. With distinct foci, methods and rules, qualitative health research has the potential to answer applied health research questions to inform practice, education and policy. Despite this potential, there are challenges to the application of qualitative health research methods in nutrition and dietetics research. These include limited training and mentorship availability for the rigorous application of these methods, as well as misaligned goals between the traditional social science‐based qualitative approaches and emerging applied nutrition science needs. Recognising these limitations, this review aims to provide guidance to the nutrition scientist conducting applied qualitative health research. Using nutrition and dietetic examples from the literature, this review defines qualitative health research and advances the Emphasis‐Purposeful sample‐Phenomenon of interest‐Context (EPPiC) framework as a tool for constructing structured overarching research questions and introduces four qualitative health research designs (qualitative description, interpretive description, case study and focused ethnography) relevant to applied nutrition science. This includes guidance on defining the sample, identifying strategies for data collection, analytic techniques and data reporting.
Bottom‐up estimation of material stocks and flows in Toronto's road network
Authors: Kloostra Bradley , Makarchuk Benjamin , Saxe Shoshanna 
Published: January 2022

AbstractImproving resource efficiency is critical to reduce the environmental impacts of constructing and maintaining the built environment. A growing body of research has been investigating where and for what purposes construction materials are consumed in cities. Much of this existing research relies on archetypes to simplify the analysis of the large number of structures, and city‐scale bottom‐up material stock assessments mostly examine buildings to the exclusion of other urban structures. In this research we examine the effectiveness of pavement archetypes compared to spatially disaggregate pavement material data from a municipal pavement management database for stock estimation and find that the use of archetypes can lead to asymmetric estimation errors (i.e., variability in prediction error among materials and across the city's geography). We use Toronto's road network as a case study and estimate the stocks of concrete, asphalt, and granular materials. The stock of materials is unevenly distributed, in terms of both material type (uneven distribution of concrete vs. asphalt) and when normalized by area and population. In general, the use of archetypes tends to obscure spatial variability in material use, even across a relatively limited geographical area like Toronto and relatively consistent product like roads. We argue that the uncertainty inherent in the use of archetypes is significant and should be accounted for in bottom‐up urban material flow analysis, that governments are in a unique position to provide high quality data for study, and that efforts should be made to capture, collate, and share this information more widely.
Evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of intradermal administration of QR678 Neo®hair growth factor formulation: A phase‐IV, open‐label, single‐arm multi‐ethnicity clinical trial
Authors: Clinic Aayna , Asper Annette , Mittal Apoorva , Shome Debraj , Parbhoo Deepa , Thanzama James , Doshi Komal , Sachde Neha , Gaunkar Ridhima , Kapoor Rinky , Thakkar Rukshmani , Sion Simal , Shetty Sushant , Kumar Vaibhav , Parveen Veena , Singhal Vivek 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntradermal administration of QR678 Neo®hair re‐growth factor formulation has already proven its effectiveness and safety in treating androgenetic alopecia and female pattern hair loss.AimThis study aims to evaluate effectiveness and safety of hair re‐growth factor formulation at multiple centers for reduction of hair fall and regrowth of hair in androgenetic alopecia and female pattern hair loss.Materials and methodsAn open‐label, prospective, and interventional study was carried out at multiple centers of different countries. A total of 2428 patients with androgenetic alopecia and female pattern hair loss within the age range of 18–65 years were included in the study. Hair pull test, global photographic assessment, videomicroscopic assessment tests were performed at the beginning, after fourth and eighth sessions, and self‐assessment through questionnaire related to satisfaction and side effects was carried out at beginning and at after eight session.ResultsHair pull test was positive in only 12% of the patients after eight sessions. Beneficial results were noted in the global assessment score (mean‐6) after fourth session and eighth session (mean‐8). Huge improvement was noted in terminal hair count, vellus hair count, and hair density after eighth sessions. Also, with self‐assessment score, a higher satisfaction score was noted. On long‐term follow‐up as well, no side effects were noted.ConclusionIntradermal administration of QR678 Neo®is an innovative, efficacious, and safe technique for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia and female pattern hair loss.