bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex‐based differences in early and late uveal melanoma‐related mortality
Authors: Stålhammar Gustav 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt is debated if there are sex‐based differences in survival for patients with uveal melanoma. Previous observations of higher mortality for men in studies with <10‐year follow‐up have not been replicated in studies with longer follow‐up. It is therefore hypothesized that women have a worse survival in later periods.MethodsAll patients diagnosed with primary uveal melanoma in Sweden between 1980 and 2017 were included (n = 2032). Survival differences between men and women in early (<10 years from diagnosis) and late (≥10 years) periods were analyzed.ResultsAt baseline, there were no significant differences in mean patient age, tumor thickness, diameter, ciliary body involvement, primary treatment modality, or in American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) T‐category between men and women. In total, 764 patients (425 women and 339 men) survived and were followed ≥10 years. In this group, men were significantly younger, but there were no differences in baseline tumor thickness, diameter, ciliary body involvement, primary treatment, or AJCC T‐category. In competing risk analysis, women had higher incidence of uveal melanoma‐related mortality in the late period (p = 0.036). In univariate Cox regression, male (HR 1.2, p = 0.049) and female sex (HR 1.8, p = 0.034) were significant predictors of uveal melanoma‐related mortality in the early and late periods, respectively.ConclusionWomen with uveal melanoma have better survival in the first decade after diagnosis. Thereafter, female survivors are significantly older than men and have a higher incidence of uveal melanoma‐related mortality.
Three New Lanostanoids with Anti‐HCV Effects from Abies nukiangensis
Authors: Li Yong‐Li , Xu Zhuo‐Ni , Li Jie , Liang Shuang , Xue Min‐Jie , Wu Jian‐Jun , Yang Xian‐Wen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThree new lanostane derivatives (1–3) and twelve known triterpenoids (4–15) were isolated from the twigs and leaves of Abies nukiangensis. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated mainly by detailed analysis of their NMR and HR‐ESI‐MS spectroscopic data. Evaluation of the anti‐HCV effects of all isolates showed that 3 exhibited moderate effect with the EC50 value of 11.09 μM.
Concentrated Platinum‐Gallium Nanoalloy for Hydrogen Production from the Catalytic Steam Reforming of Ethanol
Authors: Yadav Mohit , Szenti Imre , Ábel Marietta , Szamosvölgyi Ákos , Ábrahámné Kornéli B , Kiss János , Zsolt Pap , Sápi András , Kukovecz Ákos , Kónya Zoltán 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe steam reforming of ethanol (SRE) is a key process for the production of H2 and other vital hydrocarbons. The present work describes the synthesis of Platinum‐Gallium (Pt−Ga) nanoalloys supported on mesostructured cellular foam (MCF‐17) via ultrasound‐assisted impregnation method. Ga was substituted with Pt in different wt.% i. e. Pt/MCF‐17, Pt99.9Ga0.1/MCF‐17, Pt99Ga1/MCF‐17, and Pt90Ga10/MCF‐17 and was evaluated towards the SRE at a temperature range of 473K‐773 K towards hydrogen (H2), acetaldehyde (CH3CHO), diethylether (DEE), ethylene (C2H4), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and ethane (C2H6). The SRE activity and H2 formation rate with Pt90Ga10/MCF‐17 catalyst were observed to be 68.1 % and 3047.2 nmole g−1 sec−1, which is 9.8 and 4.5 times more than the Pt/MCF‐17 counterparts. Moreover, as observed from DRIFTS, NH3‐TPD and XPS studies Ga showed high interaction with Pt in the electron deficit state which resulted in the increased dehydrogenating and acidic properties that resulted in a higher yield of H2.
The Effect of Coating Pd/Al2O3 and PdAg/Al2O3 Catalysts with [BMIM][DCA] for the Selective Hydrogenation of 1‐Octyne in 1‐Octene
Authors: Chanerika Revana , Shozi Mzamo L. , Prato Mirko , Friedrich Holger B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe selective hydrogenation of octyne in a mixed 1‐octyne/1‐octene feed was investigated by employing Pd/Al2O3 and PdAg/Al2O3 catalysts coated with 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([BMIM][DCA]) as SCILLs (Solid Catalysts with an Ionic Liquid Layer). All SCILLs were compared to an organically modified, 1‐ethylimidazole (EIM) coated catalyst to determine if there is a SCILL effect. Results of the catalysis showed that both uncoated catalysts were highly active (100 % 1‐octyne and 1‐octene conversion) in the hydrogenation reactions with dominant selectivity towards octane. No increase of 1‐octene in the reactor outflow (octene gain) was noted. Coating 1Pd/Al2O3 with [BMIM][DCA] at four monolayers (ML) corresponding to a surface loading of 45 wt% still gave 100 % octyne conversion but now with a 54 % 1‐octene gain, as no octene was converted. Coating 1Pd9Ag/Al2O3 with only a single monolayer of [BMIM][DCA] (14 wt%) was sufficient to give a 1‐octene gain of 84 % at an octyne conversion of 91 %. Time‐on‐stream reactions for the uncoated and SCILL systems showed stable operation during the experiments.
Efficient Enzyme‐Metal Hybrid Catalysts Constructed with Polymer
Authors: Li Xiaoyang , Fan Yunkai , Liao Qiansui , Lu Tianying , Ge Jun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRational design and construction of enzyme‐metal hybrid catalysts (EMHCs) with high activity and stability is challenging. Introducing polymers into EMHCs is a promising way to enhance the catalytic performance by controlling the synthesis of ultrasmall metal nanoparticles on enzymes, and altering the surface properties of EMHCs, which has been wildly applied in organic synthesis and biomedicine. This review summarizes three representative strategies for the construction of EMHCs with polymers, including: using enzyme‐polymer conjugate as nanoreactors, using polymers as self‐assemble modules, and using polymers as surface modifiers. The effects of polymers on morphology and catalytic activity of EMHCs are discussed. Finally, the research directions of this field are proposed.
Investigation of Magnetic Force Hysteresis in Electromechanical Actuators
Authors: Hucko Simon , Matthiesen Gunnar , Reinertz Olivier , Schmitz Katharina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe practical implementation and parameterization of a model for estimating the magnetic force of valve solenoids involving a hysteresis model are evaluated. In a first step, popular approaches for modeling the force hysteresis of valve actuators are compared, followed by a description of the test bench used and the valve investigated. Next, the experimental procedure as well as the recorded data are described and discussed. Finally, a phenomenological modeling approach of force hysteresis is presented. The advantages and limitations are demonstrated and discussed using measured data.
Multi‐Ionic Capacity of Zn‐Al/V6O13 Systems Enable Fast‐Charging and Ultra‐Stable Aqueous Aluminium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kim Jongmin , Kim Moonsu , Selvamani Thangavel , Tak Yongsug , Lee Gibaek 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRechargeable, cost‐efficient aqueous aluminium‐ion batteries (AAIBs) possess abundant trivalent charge carriers with high volumetric energy densities. However, the rapid and irreversible formation of Al2O3 passivation films on aluminium‐ion (AI) anodes while using aqueous electrolytes limits their development. Herein, Zn metal was used as the anode, and Al3+ was locally deposited on the Zn anode during charging. V6O13 with a mixed vanadium state of V4+/V5+ was chosen as the cathode because of its efficient ion diffusion (solid state) and high electron conductivity. The Zn−Al/3 M Al(OTF)3/V6O13 cell exhibited high current density and excellent long‐term cycling stability, demonstrating a very high specific capacity of ∼100 mAh g−1 at a current density of 3 A g−1 and Coulombic efficiency of ∼100 % with reversible stability over 1400 cycles. Furthermore, the V6O13 cathode exhibited a multi‐ionic capacity of Zn2+‐ and H+‐ions during the Al deposition/dissolution reaction in AAIBs, demonstrating high safety and stability for fast charging.
Evaluation of Italian ryegrass seed dispersal prior to and at wheat harvest in Kentucky
Authors: Herman Amber , Legleiter Travis R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHarvest weed seed control is a potential option to control herbicide‐resistant Italian ryegrass [Lolium perenne spp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husn.] in Kentucky's soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The use of harvest weed seed control to manage Italian ryegrass seed is only a viable option if Italian ryegrass seed is retained on the seed head up to wheat harvest and can successfully enter the combine at harvest. Italian ryegrass seed retention samples collected from eight wheat fields prior to harvest in 2020 and 2021 showed that 1,070 Italian ryegrass seeds ft−2 remained on the heads, whereas only 138 seeds ft−2 were found on the soil surface. In 2020, no differences were found in the amount of Italian ryegrass seed shattered at the combine's header compared with seed in the combine's grain tank or seed located within the chaff discharged from the combine. In contrast, in 2021 there was less seed shattered at the combine's header than the amount of Italian ryegrass seed found in the grain tank and in the chaff. Across both years, significantly fewer seeds were shattered at the combine's header than the number of seeds that successfully entered into the combine. Overall, this research confirmed that harvest weed seed control may be a viable option for the management of Italian ryegrass in Kentucky's soft red winter wheat.
Photoinduced Dehydrogenative Borylation via Dihydrogen Bond Bridged Electron Donor and Acceptor Complexes**
Authors: Wang Zhiyong , Chen Jiaxin , Lin Zhenyang , Quan Yangjian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAir‐stable amine‐ and phosphine‐boranes are discovered as donors to integrate with pyridinium acceptor for generating photoactive electron‐donor‐acceptor (EDA) complexes. Experimental results and DFT calculations suggest a dihydrogen bond bridging the donor and acceptor. Irradiating the EDA complex enables an intra‐complex single electron transfer to give a boron‐centered radical for dehydrogenative borylation with no need of external photosensitizer and radical initiator. The deprotonation of Wheland‐like radical intermediate rather than its generation is believed to determine the goodortho‐selectivity based on DFT calculations. A variety of α‐borylated pyridine derivatives have been readily synthesized with good functional group tolerance.
Pushing Photochemistry into Water: Acceleration of the Di‐π‐Methane Rearrangement and the Paternó‐Büchi Reaction “On‐Water”
Authors: Schulte Robin , Löcker Marco , Ihmels Heiko , Heide Maximilian , Engelhard Carsten 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTwo representative organic photoreactions, namely a bimolecular photocycloaddition and a monomolecular photorearrangement, are presented that are accelerated when the reaction is performed “on‐water”, that is, at the water‐substrate interface with no solvation of the reaction components. According to the established models of ground‐state reactions “on‐water”, the enhanced efficiency of the photoreactions is explained by hydrophobic effects (Paternó‐Büchi reaction) or specific hydrogen bonding (di‐π‐methane rearrangement) at the water‐substrate interface that decrease the energy of the respective transition state. These results point to the potential of this approach to conduct photoreactions more efficiently in an ecologically favorable medium.
Nucleic Acid‐Backboned Chimeric Polymers with Designable Physics and Chemistry
Authors: Wang Jiangming , Dong Yuanchen , Liu Huajie , Liu Dongsheng 
Published: November 2022

Comprehensive SummaryThe chain effect of polymer is the kernel of the precise synthesis of complex polymer compounds and the development of polymer science. Nucleic acids, a special type of polyester, can form supramolecular polymers via hydrogen bonds among corresponding bases. We focused on the precise control of polymer chains and proposed the concept of “nucleic acid‐backboned chimeric polymers” (NCPs). There are three important elements of NCPs, namely nucleic acid backbone, side group and intra‐/inter‐chain weak interactions. In this review, we expound how to realize the construction of intelligent DNA structures through the regulation of these three elements and the applications of NCPs in various fields.
What is the most favorite and original chemistry developed in your research group?Nucleic acid‐backboned chimeric polymers, frame guided assembly and kinetically interlocking multiple‐units (KIMU) strategy.How do you get into this specific field? Could you please share some experiences with our readers?I was always interested in how life is organized from molecules since my college time. During my PhD, I started to realize the important roles of the natural polymers and their essential feature in chain effect. When I set up my own research group in 2005, I focused on the investigation in nucleic acid‐backboned chimeric polymers, which provide an optimal model for the study of precise controllable polymer synthesis, assembly	and functions, benefiting the understanding of the life science.What is the most important personality for scientific research?Thinking deeply and working hard.How do you keep balance between research and family?I am always working hard when I work, but I always remind myself to enjoy my family and spare time.What are your favorite journals?Nature, Science, Journal of the American Chemical Society, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, and Advanced Materials.What are your hobbies?Travel; cooking.
When Two Become One: Conformational Changes in FXR/RXR Heterodimers Bound to Steroidal Antagonists
Authors: Díaz‐Holguín Alejandro , Rashidian Azam , Pijnenburg Dirk , Monteiro Ferreira Glaucio , Stefela Alzbeta , Kaspar Miroslav , Kudova Eva , Poso Antti , van Beuningen Rinie , Pavek Petr , Kronenberger Thales 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFarnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a nuclear receptor with an essential role in regulating bile acid synthesis and cholesterol homeostasis. FXR activation by agonists is explained by an αAF‐2‐trapping mechanism; however, antagonism mechanisms are diverse. We discuss microsecond molecular dynamics (MD) simulations investigating our recently reported FXR antagonists 2a and 2 h. We study the antagonist‐induced conformational changes in the FXR ligand‐binding domain, when compared to the synthetic (GW4064) or steroidal (chenodeoxycholic acid, CDCA) FXR agonists in the FXR monomer or FXR/RXR heterodimer r, and in the presence and absence of the coactivator. Our MD data suggest ligand‐specific influence on conformations of different FXR‐LBD regions, including the α5/α6 region, αAF‐2, and α9‐11. Changes in the heterodimerization interface induced by antagonists seem to be associated with αAF‐2 destabilization, which prevents both co‐activator and co‐repressor recruitment. Our results provide new insights into the conformational behaviour of FXR, suggesting that FXR antagonism/agonism shift requires a deeper assessment than originally proposed by crystal structures.
Cutoff values of PD‐L1 expression in urinary cytology samples for predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Chen Ya , Fu Jia , Li Zhiyong , Chen Qunxi , Zhang Jing , Yang Yuanzhong , Yang Ping , Wang Jiayu , Liu Zhuowei , Cao Yun , Zhang Yijun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this study was to determine the cutoff value of PD‐L1 expression that can predict response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) immunotherapy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).MethodsThe concordance of PD‐L1 expression between paired surgical resection specimens (SRSs) and urine cell blocks (UCBs) (cohort 1) was studied in a retrospective set of 58 UTUC patients to determine its suitability as a predictor of ICI immunotherapy efficacy. PD‐L1 expression in UCBs obtained before neoadjuvant ICI immunotherapy was verified in a prospective set of 12 UTUC patients (cohort 2). PD‐L1 (SP263 clone) expression was assessed for percentage (tumor proportional score) of tumor cell (TC) showing PD‐L1 staining.ResultsThe authors found an overall agreement of 94.4% (51 of 54) between UCBs and SRSs in cohort 1 (positive percent agreement = 100%, negative percent agreement = 93.8%, r value = 0.63). PD‐L1 expression in <10% and ≥10% of tumor cells (TCs) of UCBs were the best predictors of negative (<25%) and positive (≥25%) expression in TCs of SRSs, respectively (concordance = 98.1%, r value = 0.93). These findings were verified in cohort 2: at the 10% cutoff for PD‐L1 expression, the best response predictive value was 83.3% (5 of 6) in PD‐L1‐positive patients, and the nonresponse predictive value was 50% (3 of 6) in PD‐L1‐negative patients. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values for predicting ICI immunotherapy efficacy based on PD‐L1‐expressing TCs in UCBs were 62.5%, 75%, and 0.688, respectively.ConclusionsImmunocytochemistry of UCBs is reliable for determining PD‐L1 expression, which can predict the efficacy of ICI immunotherapy at a cutoff of 10%.
Guest‐Host Raman under Liquid Nitrogen Spectroscopy for the Acquisition of Improved Vibrational Spectra of Solids
Authors: Lambert Ethan C. , Smith Cameron L. , Compton Robert N. , Hammer Nathan I. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by Dr. Nathan Hammer's group at the University of Mississippi. The image shows the encapsulation of C60 by “iceberg” water, analogous to the methodology the authors implement to acquire enhanced Raman spectra of the fullerene. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/cphc.202200309.
Conventional cytologic diagnosis of human papillomavirus‐induced anal intraepithelial neoplasia: The experience of a referral center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: de Barcellos Lêda Pereira , Coutinho José Ricardo Hildebrandt , Cytryn Andrea , Russomano Fabio Bastos 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundScreening of anal cancer is rarely available or performed in Brazil. This study analyzes the diagnostic performance of conventional cytology (CC) in the prevention of anal cancer in a coloproctology and gynecology outpatient clinics in a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.MethodsFrom 2005 to 2017, 1066 conventional cytological samples were collected. We analyze the causes of unsatisfactory samples (11.3%) and compare the cytological diagnoses of 83 samples from persons living with HIV and persons not living with HIV and in specific situations, using as the gold standard high‐resolution anoscopy or histopathology in cases biopsied within 6 months after cytology.ResultsThe sensitivity of cytology with diagnosis of ASC‐US for detection of anal intraepithelial neoplasia of any grade was 85%, specificity was 41%, positive and negative predictive values were 64% and 75%, respectively, and positive and negative likelihood ratios were 1.46 and 0.35, respectively.ConclusionConventional cytology available in resource‐limited settings is a simple, noninvasive, low‐cost method that proved feasible for outpatient screening of precursor lesions of the anal canal.
Combined effects of landscape composition and agrochemicals on frog communities amid sugarcane‐dominated agroecosystems
Authors: Sánchez‐Domene David , da Silva Fernando R. , Provete Diogo B. , Navarro‐Lozano Alba , Acayaba Raphael D. , Montagner Cassiana C. , Rossa‐Feres Denise de C. , López‐Iborra Germán M. , Almeida Eduardo A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGlobal demand for crops will continue increasing over the next few decades to cover both food and biofuel needs. This demand will put further pressure to expand arable land and replace natural habitats. However, we are only beginning to understand the combined effects of agrochemicals and land‐use change on tropical freshwater biodiversity. In this study, we analyzed how pond‐dwelling anuran larvae responded to pond characteristics, landscape composition, and agrochemical contamination in a sugarcane‐dominated agroecosystem in Brazil. Then we used an information theoretical approach with generalized linear models to relate species richness and abundance to predictor variables. The variation in tadpole abundance was associated with both agrochemical concentration (e.g., ametryn, diuron, and malathion) and landscape variables (e.g., percentage of forest, percentage of agriculture, and distance to closest forest). The relationship between species abundance and agrochemicals was species‐specific. For example, the abundances of Scinax fuscovarius and Physalaemus nattereri were negatively associated with ametryn, and Dendropsophus nanus was negatively associated with tebuthiuron, whereas that of Leptodactylus fuscus was positively associated with malathion. Conversely, species richness was associated with distance to forest fragments and aquatic vegetation heterogeneity, but not agrochemicals. Although we were unable to assign a specific mechanism to the variation in tadpole abundance based on field observations, the lower abundance of three species in ponds with high concentrations of agrochemicals suggest they negatively impact some frog species inhabiting agroecosystems. We recommend conserving ponds near forest fragments, with abundant stratified vegetation, and far from agrochemical runoffs to safeguard more sensitive pond‐breeding species.
Climate‐mediated population dynamics of a migratory songbird differ between the trailing edge and range core
Authors: Lewis William B. , Cooper Robert J. , Chandler Richard B. , Chitwood Ryan W. , Cline Mason H. , Hallworth Michael T. , Hatt Joanna L. , Hepinstall‐Cymerman Jeff , Kaiser Sara A. , Rodenhouse Nicholas L. , Sillett T. Scott , Stodola Kirk W. , Webster Michael S. , Holmes Richard T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the demographic drivers of range contractions is important for predicting species' responses to climate change; however, few studies have examined the effects of climate change on survival and recruitment across species' ranges. We show that climate change can drive trailing edge range contractions through the effects on apparent survival, and potentially recruitment, in a migratory songbird. We assessed the demographic drivers of trailing edge range contractions using a long‐term demography dataset for the black‐throated blue warbler (Setophaga caerulescens) collected across elevational climate gradients at the trailing edge and core of the breeding range. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the effect of climate change on apparent survival and recruitment and to forecast population viability at study plots through 2040. The trailing edge population at the low‐elevation plot became locally extinct by 2017. The local population at the mid‐elevation plot at the trailing edge gradually declined and is predicted to become extirpated by 2040. Population declines were associated with warming temperatures at the mid‐elevation plot, although results were more equivocal at the low‐elevation plot where we had fewer years of data. Population density was stable or increasing at the range core, although warming temperatures are predicted to cause population declines by 2040 at the low‐elevation plot. This result suggests that even populations within the geographic core of the range are vulnerable to climate change. The demographic drivers of local population declines varied between study plots, but warming temperatures were frequently associated with declining rates of population growth and apparent survival. Declining apparent survival in our study system is likely to be associated with increased adult emigration away from poor‐quality habitats. Our results suggest that demographic responses to warming temperatures are complex and dependent on local conditions and geographic range position, but spatial variation in population declines is consistent with the climate‐mediated range shift hypothesis. Local populations of black‐throated blue warblers near the warm‐edge range boundary at low latitudes and low elevations are likely to be the most vulnerable to climate change, potentially leading to local extirpation and range contractions.