bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning assisted metamaterial-based reconfigurable antenna for low-cost portable electronic devices
Authors: Patel Shobhit K. , Surve Jaymit , Katkar Vijay , Parmar Juveriya 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAntenna design has evolved from bulkier to small portable designs but there is a need for smarter antenna design using machine learning algorithms that can meet today’s high growing demand for smart and fast devices. Here in this research, main focus is on developing smart antenna design using machine learning applicable in 5G mobile applications and portable Wi-Fi, Wi-MAX, and WLAN applications. Our design is based on the metamaterial concept where the patch is truncated and etched with a split ring resonator (SRR). The high gain requirement is met by adding metamaterial superstrates having thin wires (TW) and SRRs. The reconfigurability is achieved by adding three PIN diode switches. Multiple designs have been observed by adding superstrate layers ranging from one layer to four layers with interchanging TWs and SRRs. The TW metamaterial superstrate design with two layers is giving the best performance in gain, bandwidth, and the number of bands. The design is optimized by changing the path’s physical parameters. To shrink simulation time, Extra Tree Regression based machine learning model is used to learn the behavior of the antenna and predict the reflectance value for a wide range of frequencies. Experimental results prove that the use of the Extra Tree Regression based model for simulation of antenna design can cut the simulation time, resource requirements by 80%.
A Conversation With Three Cluttering Community Leaders: A Preliminary Sampling of Perspectives
Authors: Meza Sabrina , Scaler Scott Kathleen 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this article is to move beyond understanding the basics of cluttering and to move into understanding how to support those with cluttering. The authors' intention is to provide professionals with the perspective of three community leaders who clutter.

Method:
Three people known as leaders in the cluttering community were asked open-ended questions designed to explore perspectives on cluttering during a focus group. Conversations in the group were transcribed, and the transcripts were culled for themes. Member checking was used to ensure accurate interpretation of leader perspectives.

Results:
Thematic analysis revealed themes related to listener and support group guidelines, perspectives regarding labels, and unique differences between cluttering and stuttering that may drive decisions in self-management and support.

Conclusion:
It is imperative that professionals continue to have these conversations with people with cluttering to continue to learn about and understand this unique fluency disorder.
Tracking the Fatigue Status after a Resistance Exercise through
Different Parameters
Authors: Brisola Gabriel Motta Pinheiro , Dobbs Ward C. , Zagatto Alessandro Moura , Esco Michael R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to investigate the sensitivity of back squat bar
velocity, isometric mid-thigh pull, heart rate variability parameters, perceived
recovery scale and step counts for tracking the muscular fatigue time-course
(reduction in countermovement jump [CMJ] performance) after strenuous acute
lower limb resistance exercise. Sixteen healthy men performed heart rate
variability assessment, perceived recovery scale, CMJ, back squat bar velocity,
isometric mid-thigh pull, and daily step counts before and 24 h,
48 h and 72 h post a strenuous acute lower limb resistance
exercise (8×10 repetitions). The CMJ height decreased at 24 and
48 h after exercise session (p≤0.017), evidencing the
muscular fatigue. The perceived recovery scale presented lower values compared
to baseline until 72 h after exercise session (p<0.001
for all). The heart rate variability parameters and step counts were not
significantly different across time. At 24 h post, only mean force of
mid-thigh pull was decreased (p=0.044), while at 48 h
post, only peak force of mid-thigh pull was decreased (p=0.020).
On the last day (72 h), only bar velocity (mean) presented reduction
(p=0.022). Therefore, the perceived recovery scale was the
only variable sensible to tracking muscular fatigue, i. e. presenting a
similar time-course to CMJ height.
Metal- and Solvent-Free Synthesis of m-Terphenyls by an Iodine-Catalyzed Tandem Formal [3+3]-Cycloaddition/Oxidation
Authors: Maheswari C. Uma , Pavithra Thangavel , Karthiyayini Gnanaoli , Nagarajan Subbiah , Sridharan Vellaisamy 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA tandem formal [3+3]-cycloaddition/oxidation between chalcones and β-enamine esters, employing iodine as a catalyst, was developed for the construction of various substituted m-terphenyls. A wide range of chalcones and β-enamine esters were tested under metal- and solvent-free conditions for the synthesis of substituted m-terphenyls in good to excellent yields in the presence of sulfur as an oxidant. This reaction proceeds with the formation of four new bonds and one new ring, with a high atom economy.
Benign-Metal-Catalyzed Carbon–Carbon and Carbon–Hetero­atom Bond Formation
Authors: Ranu Brindaban C. , Adak Laksmikanta , Mukherjee Nirmalya , Ghosh Tubai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCarbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bond-formation reactions catalyzed by benign and inexpensive metals are of much interest in organic synthesis, as these reactions provide green and cost-effective routes. This account summarizes our recent contributions to the construction of carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bonds by using benign-metal catalysts. A number of carbon–heteroatom bond formations, including C–N, C–O, C–S, C–Se, C–Te, and C–P bond formations, are discussed. Mechanistic insights into several reactions are also reported1	Introduction2	C–C Bond Formation3	C–N and C–O Bond Formation4	Carbon–Chalcogen (C–S, C–Se, C–Te) and C–P Bond Formation5	Conclusions
Outcomes and Characteristics of Patients with Intraprocedural Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation during TAVR
Authors: Gerfer Stephen , Kuhn Elmar W. , Gablac Hannah , Ivanov Borko , Djordjevic Ilija , Mauri Victor , Adam Matti , Mader Navid , Baldus Stephan , Eghbalzadeh Kaveh , Wahlers Thorsten C. W. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become an established alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) for higher risk patients. Periprocedural TAVR complications decreased with a growing expertise of implanters. Yet, TAVR can be accompanied by life-threatening adverse events such as intraprocedural cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This study retrospectively analyzed predictors and outcomes in a cohort of patients from a high-volume center undergoing periprocedural CPR during TAVR.
Methods A total of 729 patients undergoing TAVR, including 59 with intraprocedural CPR, were analyzed with respect to peri- and postprocedural outcomes.
Results Patients undergoing CPR showed a significantly lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and lower baseline transvalvular mean and peak pressure gradients. The systolic blood pressure measured directly preoperatively was significantly lower in the CPR cohort. CPR patients were in a higher need for intraprocedural defibrillation, heart–lung circulatory support, and conversion to open heart surgery. Further, they showed a higher incidence of atrioventricular block grade III , valve malpositioning, and pericardial tamponade. The in-hospital mortality was significantly higher after intraprocedural CPR, accompanied by a higher incidence of disabling stroke, new pacemaker implantation, more red blood cell transfusion, and longer stay in intensive care unit.
Conclusion Impaired preoperative LVEF and instable hemodynamics before valve deployment are independent risk factors for CPR and are associated with compromised outcomes. Heart rhythm disturbances, malpositioning of the prosthesis, and pericardial tamponade are main causes of the high mortality of 17% reported in the CPR group. Nevertheless, mechanical circulatory support and conversion to open heart surgery reduce mortality rates of CPR patients.
“Low Dose MR” Dixon Technique for Imaging FDG PET-MR Lymphoma
Authors: Mufti Musa Ali , Matthews Robert , Madu Ezemonye , Yaddanapudi Kavitha , Franceschi Dinko 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction Hybrid PET-MR is a relatively new imaging modality with its major strength being the MR component offering superior soft tissue contrast. While PET/MRI offers the inherent advantage of reduced radiation dose, it has been shown to result in a markedly prolonged examination time becoming a challenge in children and sick patients. "Low dose MRI" is a term used in the nuclear medicine community to describe fast acquired PET-MR scan protocols that rely heavily on PET images for diagnosis. In this study, we sought to determine if the Dixon sequences obtained for attenuation correction could be used as a diagnostic sequence for interpreting PET-MRI lymphoma cases, potentially reducing scan time.
Materials and Methods We retrospectively identified 40 patients who underwent 88FDG PET-MR body imaging studies for staging or restaging lymphoma. A radiologist and nuclear medicine physician initially reviewed top of the head to mid thigh PET images, attenuation correction coronal Dixon MRI sequences, and PET-MR fusion with Dixon sequence. The same physicians reviewed the PET images, multi-sequence MR including the attenuation correction Dixon, and multi-sequence PET-MR fusion images The lesions were further characterized based on their imaging characteristics, size, SUVmax, and malignant potency. A consensus read followed.
Results  All patients were adults with an average study age of 43.8 years. Our study consisted of 40 females and 48 males out of which 7 were for staging and 81 were for re-staging. All patients had systemic lymphoma. Thirty-seven of the studies had active lymph nodes on Dixon PET-MR that agreed with multi-sequence PET-MR which identified 33 positive cases (89.1%) having an average SUV 10.2 ± 7.74 SD. Four Dixon PET-MR cases did not detect lesions, with an average SUV 2.3 ± 0.55 SD, which was read as minimal residual activity. Multi-sequence MR identified 11 patients with enlarged lymph nodes without FDG uptake, which were not seen on Dixon MR. All 5 studies with bones lesions were detected by Dixon PET-MR as well as 2 soft tissue organ lesions. Multi-sequence MR identified 1 patient with non-active, healed bone lesion. Fifty-five of these studies were true negatives. Compared to multi-sequence PET-MR, Dixon PET-MR demonstrated 89.2% sensitivity, 100% specificity with no false positive studies.
Conclusion  The present study investigated the diagnostic potential of a fast protocol for integrated PET/MRI used for dedicated tumor staging of patients with lymphoma. In this retrospective study, Dixon PET-MR was shown to be sensitive and specific compared to multi-sequence PET-MR in the detection of lymphoma. The low number of these cases not detected had minimally active lymph nodes that resolved on subsequent imaging and probably were not clinically important.
On the regularity criteria for liquid crystal flows involving the gradient of one velocity component
Authors: Guo Helin , Zhao Lingling 
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we show the regularity criteria for three-dimensional nematic liquid crystal flows. More precisely, we prove that the strong solution (u, d) can be extended beyond T, provided ∇u3 ∈ Ls(0, T; Lq(R3)), ∇hd ∈ Lα(0, T; Lp(R3)), where s, q, α, p satisfy 2s+3q≤158+18q,2α+3p≤34+12p if q∈[2,3],p∈(103,∞] or 2s+3q≤74+12q,2α+3p≤34+12p if q∈3,∞,p∈103,∞.
Phantom scalar field counterpart to Curzon–Chazy spacetime
Authors: Polcar Lukáš , Svítek Otakar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We derive and analyze phantom scalar field counterpart to Curzon–Chazy spacetime. Such solution contains a wormhole throat while the region inside the throat behaves like a one-directional time machine. We describe its conformal structure and non-scalar singularity hidden inside the wormhole. We examine the results provided by different definitions of mass of the spacetime to understand their value in the presence of phantom matter. The electromagnetic generalization of this spacetime is as well briefly considered.
Magnetic ground state of supported monatomic Fe chains from first principles
Authors: Nagyfalusi B , Udvardi L , Szunyogh L 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A new computational scheme is presented based on a combination of the conjugate gradient and the Newton–Raphson method to self-consistently minimize the energy within local spin-density functional theory, thus to identify the ground state magnetic order of a finite cluster of atoms. The applicability of the new ab initio optimization method is demonstrated for Fe chains deposited on different metallic substrates. The optimized magnetic ground states of the Fe chains on Rh(111) are analyzed in details and a good comparison is found with those obtained from an extended Heisenberg model containing first principles based interaction parameters. Moreover, the effect of the different bilinear spin–spin interactions in the formation of the magnetic ground states is monitored. In case of Fe chains on Nb(110) spin-spiral configurations with opposite rotational sense are found as compared to previous spin-model results which hints on the importance of higher order chiral interactions. The wavelength of the spin-spiral states of Fe chains on Re(0001) was obtained in good agreement with scanning tunneling microscopy experiments.
High-pressure melting experiments of Fe3S and a thermodynamic model of the Fe–S liquids for the Earth’s core
Authors: Thompson Samuel , Sugimura-Komabayashi Emiko , Komabayashi Tetsuya , McGuire Chris , Breton Helene , Suehiro Sho , Ohishi Yasuo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Melting experiments on Fe3S were conducted to 75 GPa and 2800 K in laser-heated and internally resistive-heated diamond anvil cells with in-situ x-ray diffraction and/or post-mortem textural observation. From the constrained melting curve, we assessed the thermal equation of state for Fe3S liquid. Then we constructed a thermodynamic model of melting of the system Fe–Fe3S including the eutectic relation under high pressures based on our new experimental data. The mixing properties of Fe–S liquids under high pressures were evaluated in order to account for existing experimental data on eutectic temperature. The results demonstrate that the mixing of Fe and S liquids are nonideal at any core pressure. The calculated sulphur content in eutectic point decreases with increasing pressure to 120 GPa and is fairly constant of 8 wt% at greater pressures. From the Gibbs free energy, we derived the parameters to calculate the crystallising point of an Fe–S core and its isentrope, and then we calculated the density and the longitudinal seismic wave velocity (Vp) of these liquids along each isentrope. While Fe3S liquid can account for the seismologically constrained density and Vp profiles over the outer core, the density of the precipitating phase is too low for the inner core. On the other hand, a hypothetical Fe–S liquid core with a bulk composition on the Fe-rich side of the eutectic point cannot represent the density and Vp profiles of the Earth’s outer core. Therefore, Earth’s core cannot be approximated by the system Fe–S and it should include another light element.
Diagnosis method based on hidden Markov model and Weibull mixture model for mechanical faults of in-wheel motors
Authors: Xue Hongtao , Liu Bingchen , Ding Dianyong , Zhou Jiawen , Cui Xiaoli 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
To effectively monitor the operation state of in-wheel motors used in electric vehicles and ensure the safety of the whole vehicle, a diagnosis method based on hidden Markov model (HMM) and Weibull mixture model (WMM) is proposed for mechanical faults in in-wheel motors, known simply as the WMM-HMM diagnosis method. Firstly, vibration signals of the in-wheel motor are extracted for sensitive symptom parameters which are used to characterize the operation state and establish the observation sequence. Secondly, WMM is employed to expand the limited observation sequence under various operating states of in-wheel motors to obtain sufficient observation sequence as the training sample set of HMM, and HMM parameters are determined through combining supervised learning with unsupervised learning algorithm. Then the WMM-HMM diagnosis models are constructed under low and medium speed conditions respectively. Finally, the corresponding faults in-wheel motors are customized and the test bench is built to verify the proposed method. The test results show that the proposed method can accurately identify the mechanical fault state of in-wheel motors under different conditions and has good generalization and applicability in traditional methods comparison.
Beam position monitor design for the High Energy Photon Source
Authors: He Jun , Sui Yanfeng , Li Yong , Ma Huizhou , Du Yaoyao , Zhao Ying , Zhang Wan , Wei Shujun , Xu Taoguang , Yue Junhui , Cao Jianshe 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A button and stripline beam position monitor (BPM) were designed and developed to achieve sub-micron orbit stability in the High Energy Photon Source (HEPS). Analytical formulae and CST electromagnetic simulation software were used to calculate the radio frequency characteristics of the BPM. The BPM design procedure was developed according to the HEPS requirements. The characteristic impedances of the stripline were designed to be 50 Ω and confirmed by measurements. The position sensitivity, position resolution, capacitance, and wakefield impedance of the button BPM were calculated. The measurement results confirmed that the design satisfied the HEPS requirements.
Utilization of coupled eigenmodes in Akiyama atomic force microscopy probes for bimodal multifrequency sensing
Authors: Kort-Kamp Wilton J M , Murdick Ryan A , Htoon Han , Jones Andrew C 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Akiyama atomic force microscopy probes represent a unique means of combining several of the desirable properties of tuning fork and cantilever probe designs. As a hybridized mechanical resonator, the vibrational characteristics of Akiyama probes result from a complex coupling between the intrinsic vibrational eigenmodes of its constituent tuning fork and bridging cantilever components. Through a combination of finite element analysis modeling and experimental measurements of the thermal vibrations of Akiyama probes we identify a complex series of vibrational eigenmodes and measure their frequencies, quality factors, and spring constants. We then demonstrate the viability of Akiyama probes to perform bimodal multi-frequency force sensing by performing a multimodal measurement of a surface’s nanoscale photothermal response using photo-induced force microscopy imaging techniques. Further performing a parametric search over alternative Akiyama probe geometries, we propose two modified probe designs to enhance the capability of Akiyama probes to perform sensitive bimodal multifrequency force sensing measurements.
Copper phyllosilicate-derived ultrafine copper nanoparticles with plenty of Cu0 and Cu+ for the enhanced catalytic performance of ethylene carbonate hydrogenation to methanol
Authors: Li Huabo , Cui Yuanyuan , Liu Yixin , Wang Songlin , Dai Wei-Lin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The hydrogenation of CO2-derived carbonates to methanol is an alternative route for the indirect utilization of abundant C1 sources. Various Cu/SiO2 catalysts with different copper loading content prepared by using an ammonia evaporation hydrothermal method are implemented to evaluate the catalytic performance of ethylene carbonate (EC) hydrogenation to methanol and ethylene glycol (EG). The Cu loading content was identified to significantly affect the Cu nanoparticles (NPs) size and metal-support interaction. Highly dispersed Cu NPs restricted and embedded in copper phyllosilicate presented a smaller average particle size than the impregnated Cu/SiO2–IM catalyst. The xCu/SiO2 catalyst with ultrafine Cu NPs showed abundant Cu–O–Si interfaces, acidic sites, and coherent Cu0 and Cu+ species. The 5Cu/SiO2 catalyst achieved methanol yield of 76% and EG yield of 98% at EC conversion of 99%, and no obvious deactivation was observed after long-term operation. The superior catalytic performance of the 5Cu/SiO2 catalyst is attributed to the synergetic effect between the appropriate Cu0 surface area which provides sufficient active hydrogen, and the atomic ratio of Cu+ for the polarization and activation of carbon–oxygen bonds.
Detecting beats in the photoplethysmogram: benchmarking open-source algorithms
Authors: Charlton Peter H , Kotzen Kevin , Mejía-Mejía Elisa , Aston Philip J , Budidha Karthik , Mant Jonathan , Pettit Callum , Behar Joachim A , Kyriacou Panicos A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal is widely used in pulse oximeters and smartwatches. A fundamental step in analysing the PPG is the detection of heartbeats. Several PPG beat detection algorithms have been proposed, although it is not clear which performs best. Objective: This study aimed to: (i) develop a framework with which to design and test PPG beat detectors; (ii) assess the performance of PPG beat detectors in different use cases; and (iii) investigate how their performance is affected by patient demographics and physiology. Approach: Fifteen beat detectors were assessed against electrocardiogram-derived heartbeats using data from eight datasets. Performance was assessed using the F
1 score, which combines sensitivity and positive predictive value. Main results: Eight beat detectors performed well in the absence of movement with F
1 scores of ≥90% on hospital data and wearable data collected at rest. Their performance was poorer during exercise with F
1 scores of 55%–91%; poorer in neonates than adults with F
1 scores of 84%–96% in neonates compared to 98%–99% in adults; and poorer in atrial fibrillation (AF) with F
1 scores of 92%–97% in AF compared to 99%–100% in normal sinus rhythm. Significance: Two PPG beat detectors denoted ‘MSPTD’ and ‘qppg’ performed best, with complementary performance characteristics. This evidence can be used to inform the choice of PPG beat detector algorithm. The algorithms, datasets, and assessment framework are freely available.
A systematic review of deep learning methods for modeling electrocardiograms during sleep
Authors: Sun Chenxi , Hong Shenda , Wang Jingyu , Dong Xiaosong , Han Fang , Li Hongyan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Sleep is one of the most important human physiological activities, and plays an essential role in human health. Polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for measuring sleep quality and disorders, but it is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to errors. Current research has confirmed the correlations between sleep and the respiratory/circulatory system. Electrocardiography (ECG) is convenient to perform, and ECG data are rich in breathing information. Therefore, sleep research based on ECG data has become popular. Currently, deep learning (DL) methods have achieved promising results on predictive health care tasks using ECG signals. Therefore, in this review, we systematically identify recent research studies and analyze them from the perspectives of data, model, and task. We discuss the shortcomings, summarize the findings, and highlight the potential opportunities. For sleep-related tasks, many ECG-based DL methods produce more accurate results than traditional approaches by combining multiple signal features and model structures. Methods that are more interpretable, scalable, and transferable will become ubiquitous in the daily practice of medicine and ambient-assisted-living applications. This paper is the first systematic review of ECG-based DL methods for sleep tasks.