bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Des jeux de la Nature aux médailles de la Création
Authors: Gaudant Jean 
Published: September 2022

Après avoir été longtemps considérés comme des « jeux de la nature » ou comme produits par l’action d’une « force plastique », les fossiles furent enfin reconnus vers la fin du xviie siècle, principalement grâce à Sténon, comme des restes d’êtres vivants. Ils acquirent bientôt avec Hooke le statut de « médailles de la nature », avant d’être considérés comme des témoins du déluge. Ils accédèrent alors au statut d’« archives » et contribuèrent ultérieurement à l’établissement d’une stratigraphie dont Soulavie et de Luc font figure de précurseurs.
Dans la forêt, le genre
Authors: Hillenkamp Isabelle 
Published: September 2022

La politique climatique internationale a fait des forêts tropicales la cible de paiements pour services de captation de carbone. Au Vale do Ribeira (Brésil), ces dispositifs s’inscrivent dans des conflits socio-environnementaux préexistant et opposant les habitant·es de communautés locales à une vision étroite de conservation de la nature dans les politiques environnementales, autant qu’à de grands projets d’investissement. L’article propose une analyse genrée et située au double plan matériel et politique des pratiques « de résistance » que ces habitant·es ont développé à travers l’agroécologie. Il montre que le rapport construit avec la nature dans l’agroécologie, de type holiste, fonctionnel et en même temps spirituel, s’élargit dans le cas des femmes pour intégrer leur responsabilité socialement attribuée pour le care, ce qui les situe au premier plan de l’opposition à la conception fragmentée et utilitaire d’une nature vide d’humains de la politique environnementale et climatique.
Crise climatique, crise politique
Authors: Boutié Élise 
Published: September 2022

En détruisant entièrement la ville de Paradise (27 000 habitant·e.s) et ses environs, l’incendie le plus meurtrier de l’histoire des États-Unis a provoqué un choc important. Cet article s’intéresse à la façon dont cette catastrophe a affecté l’attachement à la forêt. En partant du choc de découvrir le paysage incendié, il s’agit de comprendre de quoi est fait cet attachement. Nous analysons aussi bien les récits qui racontent cet attachement après l’incendie que le rapport aux institutions en charge de la gestion des forêts. L’incendie a bouleversé le rapport au paysage et fait de l’expérience de vivre dans une forêt sans arbre une situation déroutante.
Alpine Sentinels
Authors: Dall’Ò Elisabetta 
Published: September 2022

This research was carried out within the highland communities of the Mont-Blanc area (Italian side). This Alpine region is characterized by a huge variety of biodiversity and environments in which human and non-human species coexist, coping with extreme natural phenomena due to specific weather conditions, topography, and consequences of the current climate crisis (e.g. glaciers melting, heatwaves, extreme events). In this context, despite scientific evidence of the impacts of global warming on the land, the socio-cultural attitude of the people exposed (e.g. perception and response) tends to hide or scotomize risk. In the field of “natural” risks and “climate change”, we usually identify “perception” on a theoretical and methodological level as a mainly human category (belonging to homo sapiens faber ludens). Nevertheless, throughout my inquiry into the socio-cultural impacts of global warming on the Alps, I encountered some “non-human” figures such as wild and farm animals, and even insects and plants, which have always played a crucial cultural role for Alpine communities from their imaginaries to their founding myths and economies. These species are of great importance not only in “perceiving and bringing” the first signs and symptoms of the “climate crisis”, but also in “anticipating” it as sentinels (Keck et al., 2020). Impacts inscribed in the animals’ bodies (e.g. chamois) and behaviour, and even in their “natural habitats”, were first observed, perceived and blamed on the climate crisis by local hunters. The aim of this proposal is to analyze, through the case of Mont-Blanc, how human-animal interactions at the micro scale may become key tools to anticipate, read, comprehend and explain the local and global crisis that is underway.
Onirisme viral
Authors: Tonda Joseph 
Published: September 2022

Cet article tente de montrer comment des non-sujets comme les coronavirus, les méduses, Big Brother, la mort, l’argent, l’État, institués en sujets par des imaginaires sociaux, rêvent, et comment leurs rêves extorqués aux humains et capitalisés par ces « êtres » sans conscience ni volonté, sont le paradigme de vies déshumanisées par de cyniques oppressions et de folles actions des images vivantes de leurs rêves. Le cauchemar de la Covid-19, dont l’humanité se réveillera, sera une composante de l’histoire du corps invisible des rêves, qui est le corps invisible des sociétés. La perspective de l’onirisme viral va au-delà des conceptions freudiennes et de la sociologie dispositionnaliste du rêve, car sa problématique est celle des non-sujets qui vivent et rêvent hors d’eux.
A SUPERAÇÃO DA PEDAGOGIA DA MANUTENÇÃO
Authors: Degrandis Fernando 
Published: September 2022

A sociedade complexa em que vivemos influencia diretamente as experiências de aprendizagem nas escolas. A escola, por sua vez, deveria ter que papel em relação a esta realidade? Passivo? Reativo? Propositivo? A escola, composta por sujeitos dotados de direitos, relaciona-se de que maneira com as demandas sociais? Estas são problematizações importantes deste texto, que tem como objetivo analisar esta relação, em especial a função da escola frente a formação dos sujeitos. Para tal, foi utilizado uma metodologia qualitativa, de caráter explicativo, a qual conta com a aplicação de questionários a três públicos (estudantes, professores e gestores) de duas escolas particulares do Rio Grande do Sul, bem como referencial bibliográfico e documental da Rede Marista de Educação. A análise dos questionários, com auxílio de categorização, indica que os estudantes aprendem com os diferentes sujeitos no espaço escolar. Ganha destaque uma função específica, a do professor dinâmico. Também, as técnicas que problematizam, contextualizam e promovem experiências são identificadas pelos estudantes como aquelas que mais ajudam em suas aprendizagens. Um currículo que assume a complexidade da sociedade e dos sujeitos supera a pedagogia da manutenção e coloca em ação a pedagogia da invenção e produção dos saberes, considerando sujeitos como protagonistas.
UMA ANÁLISE DO PROGRAMA BOLSA FAMÍLIA A PARTIR DOS INDICADORES EDUCACIONAIS NO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO SEBASTIÃO DO TOCANTINS
Authors: Rodrigues Moraes Adriano , Beraldo Keile Aparecida , Gonçalves Lina Maria 
Published: September 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a contribuição do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) para a permanência dos alunos de escolas públicas, no município de São Sebastião do Tocantins, no período de 2015 a 2019. A pesquisa adotou a abordagem qualiquantitativa, com delineamento exploratório-descritivo e foi desenvolvida por meio de pesquisas bibliográfica e documental. De acordo com os resultados, nesse período, foram gastos um valor de R$ 12.447.604,48, atendendo um total de 3.385 estudantes. Os dados revelaram que os estudantes da rede pública, atendidos pelo PBF, no município de São Sebastião do Tocantins, tiveram uma taxa de aprovação de 86,55%. Conclui-se pela significativa contribuição do PBF na permanência, frequência e participação dos estudantes atendidos no processo de escolarização. Constatou-se, ainda, que o auxílio do PBF se estende às demais pessoas da família que, em muitos casos, dependem desta renda para sua subsistência.
Effect of Live Versus Recorded Music on Children Receiving Mechanical Ventilation and Sedation
Authors: Bush Hannah Ivey , LaGasse A. Blythe , Collier Elizabeth Herr , Gettis Margaret A. , Walson Karen 
Published: September 2022

Background
Music is often used as a nonpharmacological pain management strategy, but little evidence is available about its role in pediatric critical care patients.

Objective
To determine the effect of a live music intervention versus a recorded music intervention on heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate in pediatric critical care patients receiving mechanical ventilation and sedation.

Methods
An exploratory randomized controlled trial was performed in a pediatric intensive care unit. Participants were randomly allocated to receive a live music intervention with standard care or a recorded music intervention with standard care. Each intervention was delivered by a board-certified music therapist for 15 minutes. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure were measured at baseline and at 15-minute intervals for 60 minutes after the intervention.

Results
A total of 33 patients aged 0 to 2 years completed the study: 17 were assigned to the live music group and 16 to the recorded music group. In the live music group, a significant reduction in heart rate was observed immediately after the intervention and was sustained at 60 minutes after the intervention. Although the live music group also exhibited a downward trend in blood pressure, those differences were not significant.

Conclusions
The results of this study indicate that live music interventions may be more effective than recorded music interventions in reducing pain and anxiety in pediatric critical care patients. The advantage of live music may be due to the adaptability of the music delivery by a trained music therapist.
Chemical vs. natural toothpaste: which formulas for which properties? A scoping review
Authors: Kanouté Aida , Dieng Serigne Ndame , Diop Mbathio , Dieng Amadou , Sene Ayotollah Khoumeyni , Diouf Massamba , Lo Cheikh Mbacké , Faye Daouda , Carrouel Florence 
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The proliferation of the oral care industry has made it more challenging for shoppers to zero in on the best possible toothpaste for their preventative requirements. It also makes the toothpaste’s various components safer.Objective. The researchers set out to evaluate the state of information about the biological properties and cytotoxicity of adult toothpaste so that they might make some informed recommendations.Methods. A scoping review of research published between 2015 and 2020 according to PRISMA guidelines was performed.Results. In vitro clinical trials account for 44% of the papers, in vivo clinical trials for 25%, systematic reviews for 19%, and meta-analyses for 12%. They have active chemical components that have been shown to be antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, or desensitizing. Herbal toothpaste has these characteristics and is very secure to use. Toothpaste with sodium lauryl sulfate has been found to be harmful.Conclusions. Scientists have investigated the biological effects of a wide range of chemically active compounds and plant extracts. Herbal toothpaste, it has been discovered, is both efficient and secure. Companies making toothpaste should be required to clearly label the product’s qualities, active ingredients, and potentially harmful ingredients on the packaging.
Human herpes virus type-6 is associated with central nervous system infections in children in Sudan
Authors: Abdelrahim Nada A. , Mohamed Nahla , Evander Magnus , Ahlm Clas , Fadl-Elmula Imad M. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Human herpes virus type-6 (HHV-6) is increasingly recognised as a febrile agent in children. However, less is known in sub-Saharan African countries, including Sudan.Objective: We investigated the involvement of HHV-6 in paediatric central nervous system (CNS) infections in Khartoum, Sudan.Methods: Febrile patients aged up to 15 years with suspected CNS infections at Omdurman Hospital for Children from 01 December 2009 to 01 August 2010 were included. Viral DNA was extracted from leftover cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens and quantitatively amplified by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at Umeå University in Sweden.Results: Of 503 CSF specimens, 13 (2.6%) were positive for HHV-6 (33.0% [13/40 of cases with proven infectious meningitis]). The median thermal cycle threshold for all HHV-6-positive specimens was 38 (range: 31.9–40.8). The median number of virus copies was 281.3/PCR run (1 × 105 copies/mL CSF; range: 30–44 × 103 copies/PCR run [12 × 103 – 18 × 106 copies/mL CSF]). All positive patients presented with fever and vomiting; 86.0% had seizures. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1; 50.0% were toddlers, 42.0% infants and 8.0% teenagers. Most (83.0%) were admitted in the dry season and 17.0% in the rainy season. Cerebrospinal fluid leukocytosis was seen in 33.0%, CSF glucose levels were normal in 86.0% and low in 14.0%, and CSF protein levels were low in 14.0% and high in 43.0%.Conclusion: Among children in Sudan with CNS infections, HHV-6 is common. Studies on the existence and spread of HHV-6 chromosomal integration in this population are needed.
Isolation, screening, and molecular identification of pectinase producers from fruits, vegetables, and soil samples
Authors: Kh Abd-El-Aal S. , Attallah A.G. , Abdel-Aziz Nagwa M. , Khalil Bigad E. 
Published: September 2022

Background and objective
In this work, isolation, identification (morphological and chemical), and molecular characterization were done of local isolates of some pectinase-producing microorganisms such as bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, and yeast.

Materials and methods
A total of 22 local bacterial isolates were obtained from various sources and were assayed for pectinolytic activity after optimization of conditions for pectinase production. Isolate no. 19 showed the highest pectinase-specific activity (6.73 U/ml) on glucose-supplemented medium, whereas isolate no. 5 gave the lowest pectinase productivity (3.21 U/ml). The identification of isolate no. 19 revealed that it belonged to the genus Bacillus based on morphological and biochemical characteristics. Based on molecular identification (16 S rRNA technique), isolate no. 19 was named Bacillus sp. strain NRBANKI-4 (with 99% similarity), with Gene Bank accession number OM540351.

Results and conclusion
A total of 14 local actinomycete isolates were obtained from soil samples. Isolate no. 13 showed the highest pectinase-specific activity (6.48 U/ml), whereas sample no. 10 gave the lowest pectinase-specific activity (3.07 U/ml). Based on molecular identification (16 S rRNA technique), isolate no. 13 was named Streptomyces sp. KP 12 (90.63% similarity), with Gene Bank accession number OM403596. A total of 10 fungal isolates were obtained from crop waste soil. Isolate no. 2 gave the highest pectinase productivity (21.20 U/ml). Based on molecular identification (internal transcribed spacer-PCR technique), isolate no. 2 was named Aspergillus niger F8121 (99.47% similarity), with Gene Bank accession number OM392061. Following the same trend, 10 yeast isolates were isolated from crop waste soil. The isolate that gave the highest pectinase productivity was no. 7, which gave 22.03 U/ml. The isolate that gave the lowest was no. 9 (20.74 U/ml). Isolate no. 7 was named Pichia barkeri Y1 (90.91% similarity), with Gene Bank accession number OM392066.
Hemodynamic Changes during Pneumoperitoneum and Reverse Trendelenburg Position in Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Poudel Deepak , Pandey Ravinder Kumar , Bhalla Amar Pal , Sharma Ankur , Ray Bikash Ranjan , Punj Jyotsna , Darlong Vanlalnghaka , Aggarwal Sandeep 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Patients undergoing bariatric surgeries are at higher perioperative risk due to multiple comorbidities. We studied the hemodynamic changes during pneumoperitoneum and reverse Trendelenburg position in bariatric surgery, using noninvasive cardiac output (CO) monitoring.

Methods:
In this prospective observational study, 60 patients of the American Society of Anesthesiologists Grade I–II, aged between 18 and 60 years, planned for elective laparoscopic bariatric surgery were included. During the intraoperative period, hemodynamic monitoring was done using an estimated continuous CO (esCCO) monitor. We noted oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate, blood pressure (BP), and CO values obtained before induction of general anesthesia and were compared with values obtained after induction, postintubation, after pneumoperitoneum, after reverse Trendelenburg, and every 10 min during the procedure and postextubation.

Results:
The mean baseline SpO2, pulse rate (PR), systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and CO was 99.17 ± 1.7, 99.9 ± 1.35 bpm, 136.3 ± 14.5 mm Hg, 83.11 ± 10.5 mm Hg, and 7.59 ± 1.44 L/min, respectively. There was a significant fall in PR, SBP, DBP, and CO after induction of anesthesia and intubation (P = 0.001). After creating pneumoperitoneum and reverse Trendelenburg, the fall in hemodynamic parameters was also significant (P = 0.001).

Conclusions:
The esCCO noninvasive CO monitor can be used in patients undergoing bariatric surgeries and predict CO during surgery.
Perioperative Mortality Among Surgical Patients in a Low-Resource Setting
Authors: Ogbuanya AU , Nnadozie UU , Enemuo VC , Ewah RL , Boladuro EO , Owusi OM 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The perioperative mortality rate (POMR) has been recognized as a useful indicator to measure surgical safety at an institutional or national level. The POMR can thus be used as a tool to identify procedures that carry the highest mortality rates and provide hindsight based on past surgical experiences.

Aim:
To document the pattern of perioperative mortality and the factors that influence it at district hospitals in southeast Nigeria.

Patients and Methods:
This was a retrospective study of cases of perioperative mortality at district hospitals in southeast Nigeria between January 2014 to December 2018. All perioperative mortalities from surgical admissions in both elective and emergency set-ups were included. During analysis, we computed P values for categorical variables using Chi-square and Fisher's exact test in accordance with the size of the dataset. Furthermore, we determined the association between some selected clinical variables and mortality using logistic regression analyses.

Results:
During the period under review, 254 perioperative deaths occurred from 2,369 surgical operations, giving a POMR of 10.7%. Of the 254 deaths, there were 180 (70.9%) males and 74 (29.1%) females. Nearly one-third (31.2%) were farmers and 64.2% of the deaths occurred in those 50 years and below. Delayed presentation was two-pronged: delay before presentation and in-hospital delay. The POMR was the highest among general surgery emergencies and least among those with plastic surgery conditions. The observed factors associated with mortality were time of presentation (early or late), type of surgery (emergency or elective), category of surgery (general surgery or others), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score (high or low), place of admission after surgery (intensive care unit or general ward), level of training of doctors who performed the surgery (specialist or general duty doctor) (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The POMR was higher in male patients and in those with general surgery emergencies compared to other conditions. Delayed presentation, high ASA scores, and operations performed under emergency set-ups were associated with elevated POMRs.
Infection-Control Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Risk Perception of Occupational Exposure to COVID-19 Among Dentists
Authors: Almarghlani AA , Alshehri MA , Alghamdi AA , Sindi MA , Assaggaf MA , Al-Dabbagh NN 
Published: September 2022

Background:
COVID-19 is a potentially fatal disease that was announced as a global pandemic at the beginning of the year 2020.

Aim:
The purpose of our cross-sectional study was to evaluate the infection-control knowledge, attitude, practice, and risk perception of occupational exposure to COVID-19 among multinational dentists.

Patients and Methods:
A self-designed, 33-item, English questionnaire was created and distributed through social media and digital communication platforms. The questionnaire covered the demographic data, knowledge and perception of the occupational risk of the COVID-19 infections, and compared some infection control measures taken before and after this global pandemic. The results were analyzed, and four scores were used to assess the aforementioned parameters.

Results:
A total of 300 multinational dentists answered our survey, with the majority being females (59%) and aging from 25 to 44 years old (68%). We found that a statistically significant relationship exists between attitude and nationality, country of practice, medical condition, and the practicing specialty (P < 0.05). In addition, risk perception had a statistically significant correlation with nationality, smoking habits, education level, and specialty (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a statistically significant correlation between the practice score and the gender, age, smoking habits, education level, nature of the practice (private or governmental), and academia affiliation (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
The study sample had good compliance with the instructions and guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centre for Disease Control (CDC), with most of them improving their infection control precautions after the virus's emergence according to the said guidelines. Furthermore, our participants were fearful of the COVID-19 virus and the fact of being potential transmitters. Despite saying that, the significant majority of them reported being confident in treating COVID-19–positive patients.
Spectrum of Skin Disorders Among Primary School Children in Umuahia, South-East Nigeria
Authors: Ewurum O , Ibeneme CA , Nnaji TO , Ikefuna AN 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Skin disorders among primary school children are common in many countries, with a variable spectrum. They can constitute major health problems, resulting in considerable discomfort, parental anxiety, and embarrassment to the child.

Aim:
To determine the prevalence and pattern of skin diseases among primary school children in the Umuahia South local government area.

Subjects and Methods:
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out over a 4-month period from December 2016 to March 2017 among school children consecutively recruited from their various primary schools.

Result:
A total of 1560 children aged 5 to 15 years with a mean age of 8.74 ± 2.079 years were studied. The overall prevalence of skin diseases was 40.2%. The prevalence in public schools was 46.0%, whereas the prevalence in private schools was 33.2% (P < 0.001). Skin eruptions and itchy skin were the most common presentations, whereas tinea capitis, pityriasis versicolor, and scabies were the most common skin diseases noted among the school children.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of skin diseases in the population studied is high, especially in public schools. The most common manifestation of skin disease is rash, and the most common type of skin disease is tinea capitis. It is recommended that standard hygienic practices should be maintained by primary school children and their parents/caregivers to prevent skin diseases.