bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Text mining in long-term care: Exploring the usefulness of artificial intelligence in a nursing home setting
Authors: Hacking Coen , Verbeek Hilde , Hamers Jan P. H. , Sion Katya , Aarts Sil 
Published: August 2022

Objectives
In nursing homes, narrative data are collected to evaluate quality of care as perceived by residents or their family members. This results in a large amount of textual data. However, as the volume of data increases, it becomes beyond the capability of humans to analyze it. This study aims to explore the usefulness of text mining approaches regarding narrative data gathered in a nursing home setting.

Design
Exploratory study showing a variety of text mining approaches.

Setting and participants
Data has been collected as part of the project ‘Connecting Conversations’: assessing experienced quality of care by conducting individual interviews with residents of nursing homes (n = 39), family members (n = 37) and care professionals (n = 49).

Methods
Several pre-processing steps were applied. A variety of text mining analyses were conducted: individual word frequencies, bigram frequencies, a correlation analysis and a sentiment analysis. A survey was conducted to establish a sentiment analysis model tailored to text collected in long-term care for older adults.

Results
Residents, family members and care professionals uttered respectively 285, 362 and 549 words per interview. Word frequency analysis showed that words that occurred most frequently in the interviews are often positive. Despite some differences in word usage, correlation analysis displayed that similar words are used by all three groups to describe quality of care. Most interviews displayed a neutral sentiment. Care professionals expressed a more diverse sentiment compared to residents and family members. A topic clustering analysis showed a total of 12 topics including ‘relations’ and ‘care environment’.

Conclusions and implications
This study demonstrates the usefulness of text mining to extend our knowledge regarding quality of care in a nursing home setting. With the rise of textual (narrative) data, text mining can lead to valuable new insights for long-term care for older adults.
Survey data of public in Sindh Pakistan regarding willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Kumar Narendar , Sulaiman Syed Azhar Syed , Hashmi Furqan Khurshid , Qureshi Ali , Shaib Muhammad , Alam Shoaib , Hussain Mujahid 
Published: August 2022

Objective
The COVID-19 pandemic has badly affected the world with its devastating effects, including Sindh, Pakistan. A massive vaccination campaign against COVID-19 is considered one of the effective ways to curtail the spread of the disease. However, the acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine is based on the general population’s knowledge, attitude, perception and willingness for vaccination. Therefore, a survey among the public in Sindh, Pakistan, was done to evaluate their knowledge, attitude, perception and willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccination.

Method
The online survey was conducted among the residents of Sindh, Pakistan, in July 2021 through a survey tool designed using Google Forms and sent to the population through various social media.

Results
Of 926 study participants, 59.0% were male, and 68.6% were aged between 18 and 31 years. Higher percentages of responses were recorded from the Hyderabad division (37.5%), and 60.0% of respondents were graduates, with 34.8% of them in the private sector. The results showed that 36.4% of respondents had good knowledge, and 30.3% had a positive attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination. Almost 77% of respondents perceived that everyone should get vaccinated in the country and those health care workers on priority. A majority (80.8%) of respondents were willing to accept COVID-19 vaccination.

Conclusion
Despite having insufficient knowledge and a low percentage of positive attitude public in Sindh are willing to be vaccinated. Based on this finding, more effort has to be done to promote vaccination among the public, especially among the less educated population.
Quantitative bile and serum proteomics for the screening and differential diagnosis of primary sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: Holm Matilda , Joenväärä Sakari , Saraswat Mayank , Tohmola Tiialotta , Saarela Toni , Tenca Andrea , Arola Johanna , Renkonen Risto , Färkkilä Martti 
Published: August 2022

Background
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic liver disease characterized by biliary strictures, cholestasis, and a markedly increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma. New markers for the screening and differential diagnosis of PSC are needed. In this pilot study, we have analyzed both the bile and serum proteomic profiles of 80 PSC patients and non-PSC controls (n = 6 for bile and n = 18 for serum).

Aim
The aim of this study was to discover candidates for new biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of PSC.

Methods
Bile and serum samples were processed and subsequently analyzed using ultra performance liquid chromatography-ultra definition mass spectrometry (UPLC-UDMSE). Further analysis included statistical analyses such as receiver operating characteristic curve analysis as well as pathway analysis using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis.

Results and conclusions
In bile, we discovered 64 proteins with significantly different levels between the groups, with fold changes of up to 129. In serum, we discovered 112 proteins with significantly different levels. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis found multiple proteins with high area under the curve values, up to 0.942, indicating that these serum proteins are of value as new non-invasive classifiers of PSC. Pathway analysis revealed multiple canonical pathways that were enriched in the dataset, which have roles in bile homeostasis and metabolism. We present several serum proteins that could serve as new blood-based markers for the diagnosis of PSC after further validation. The measurement of serum levels of these proteins could be of use in the screening of patients with suspected PSC.
Experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic as a healthcare provider in rural Dhanbad, India: An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Konduru Laalithya , Das Nishant , Kothari-Speakman Gargi , Behura Ajit Kumar 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic is causing widespread morbidity and mortality. It has led to a myriad of mental health problems, particularly in health care providers (HCPs). To strengthen the fight against COVID-19, it is essential to investigate the mental health challenges being faced by the HCPs, their emotional responses, and coping strategies.ObjectivesWe aimed to explore the lived experiences of frontline HCPs in rural India during the peak of the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsThrough purposive heterogenous snowball sampling, five HCPs in rural Dhanbad were recruited and one-on-one double-blind unstructured interviews were conducted. The interviews were transcribed and master themes and subthemes were extracted by interpretative phenomenological analysis.ResultsSix master themes and 23 subthemes were identified. Our findings demonstrate that the participants were under mental duress due to heavy workloads, fear of getting infected and transmitting the infection, urban–rural disparities in access to medical supplies and peer support, and negative social perception of HCPs during the pandemic. Most HCPs have not yet processed the psychological effects of being at the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic in a resource-poor setting; however, spirituality seems to be an important coping mechanism that helps them get through the day.ConclusionsThis study is unique in the sense that not many studies have been conducted to evaluate the psychological issues of Indian HCPs during this pandemic. Much less is known about the mental health of HCPs in rural settings. Moreover, novel findings such as negative social perception of HCPs during the pandemic and HCPs resorting to spirituality as a coping strategy against stress, open a plethora of research opportunities wherein the results of this qualitative study, along with the existing literature and findings of future quantitative studies, can establish better understanding of the impact of the pandemic on HCPs.
A multi-center study of left ventricular assist device (LVAD)-related gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: J Dailey , LH Nguyen , A Kohli , JB Ha , MB Russell , R Dhingra , MS Kiernan , MF Thomas , EC Coglianese , MJ Sterling , RF Yacavone , N Natov , JM Richter 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND:
Continuous left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) offer hemodynamic support in advanced and decompensated heart failure but are often complicated by gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in medically fragile patients.

METHODS:
We performed a retrospective analysis of 475 consecutive patients who underwent LVAD implantation at the Massachusetts General Hospital and Tufts Medical Center from 2008 to 2019 and identified 128 patients with clinically significant GI bleeding. Clinical characteristics of each bleeding event, including procedures and interventions, were recorded. We examined LVAD patients with overt and occult presentations to determine diagnostic endoscopic yield and analyzed predictors of recurrent GI bleeding.

RESULTS:
We identified 128 unique patients with LVAD implantation complicated by GI bleeding. No significant difference was observed based on study center, underlying cardiomyopathy, race/ethnicity, or serum indices, and medications used. Overt bleeders presented more commonly during LVAD implantation admission (P =0.001) than occult bleeders. Occult bleed presentations had only 1 lower and no middle GI bleed source identified, despite similar workups to overt bleeds. Destination therapy (e.g., among non-transplant candidates) LVAD implantation (odds ratio 2.38, 95% confidence interval: 1.05-5.58) and a prior history of GI bleeding (odds ratio 3.85, 95% confidence interval: 1.29-12.7) were independently associated with an increased risk for recurrent GI bleeding-related hospitalization.

CONCLUSION:
Our findings confirm a high rate of GI bleeding especially in destination LVAD patients and show a low diagnostic yield for colonoscopy and middle GI bleed assessments in LVAD patients with occult bleeds. Overt bleeding was more common and associated with vascular malformations. Though endoscopic interventions stopped active hemorrhage, GI bleeding often recurred.
Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Measurements on Rocks
Authors: Neyra Astudillo Miriam Rocío , López-Pumarega María Isabel , Evangelina-Geuna Silvana , Gómez Martin 
Published: August 2022

Context: The magnetic properties of rocks may reflect the modal abundance, composition, and microstructure of the magnetic grains contained within them, usually in a very small proportion. Magnetic Barkhausen Noise (MBN) is a non-destructive technique applied to magnetic materials, and it is very sensitive to microstructure and residual stresses. In this work, measurements of MBN in samples of rocks extracted from nature and containing varying proportions of magnetite were studied and analyzed.
Method: Measurements were taken by magnetically exciting the cylindrical samples, using a magnetic yoke and measuring the induced field inside the rock as a consequence of the excitation. For the detection, a sensor coil placed on the excited surface on one of the flat faces of each cylinder was used. The signals obtained from the MBN were digitized, and a digital 5-200 kHz Butterworth filter was applied, calculating the root mean square (RMS) values.
Results: The linear fit of the MBN RMS values with the increasing percentage of ferromagnetic minerals showed an increasing trend with a moderate correlation. A correlation between coercive force and the MBN RMS values was observed only for samples with abundant magnetite (> 25 vol%).
Conclusions: An increasing variation of the RMS values of the MBN signals was observed in relation with coercive force for abundant magnetite samples. This may be related to the geological processes involved in magnetite genesis.
Method: The measurements were made exciting magnetically the samples (cylindrical shapes), using a magnetic yoke and measuring the induced field inside the rock as a result of the excitation. For the detection, a sensor coil placed on the excited surface on one of the flat faces of each cylinder was used. The signals obtained from MBN were digitized. A digital 5-200 kHz Butterworth filter was applied and the RMS (Root Mean Square) values were calculated.
Results: The linear fit of the MBN RMS values with the increasing percentage of ferromagnetic minerals showed an increasing trend with moderate correlation. A correlation between coercive force and MBN RMS was observed only for samples with abundant magnetite (> 25 vol%).
Conclusions: A variation of the RMS values of the MBN signals was observed in relation with coercive force for massive magnetite samples. This can be related to geological processes involved in magnetite genesis.

Keywords: Rocks, Magnetization, Barkhausen Magnetic Noise, Non-Destructive Test.
Medición de parámetros en líneas de transmisión con sistemas embebidos
Authors: Herrera-Rubio Jorge Enrique , Soto-Vergel Angelo Joseph , Cardozo-Sarmiento Darwin Orlando 
Published: August 2022

Contexto: Las líneas de transmisión son estructuras construidas de material uniforme, dispuestas como un arreglo de pares de conductores o semiconductores, que guían las ondas electromagnéticas que transportan la energía de radiofrecuencia entre un dispositivo emisor y otro receptor. Su importancia en las comunicaciones radica en el conocimiento de sus parámetros fundamentales, para lo cual se requiere de equipos de medida especializados e instrumentos de laboratorio que proporcionen información para tomar decisiones de importancia en el acople de tecnologías en los sistemas de transmisión de datos.
Objetivo: Explicar el funcionamiento de un sistema de medición de parámetros de líneas de transmisión como propuesta de bajo costo y automatizada para su caracterización, implementado mediante sistemas embebidos.
Metodología: Para ello, se creó e implementó una arquitectura de hardware y software, con el uso de entradas análogas para medir tanto la atenuación e interrupciones digitales y temporizadas, como el retardo entre las ondas incidente y transmitida. Con estos datos se calculó la impedancia característica, constante de atenuación, constante de fase, velocidad de propagación, resistencia, conductancia, capacitancia e inductancia, mediante ecuaciones experimentales. Se realizaron cuatro experimentos utilizando 305 metros de cable coaxial; se comprobaron los datos obtenidos con los teóricos del fabricante, los cuales se validaron con medidas de equipos de instrumentación electrónica especializados, como el generador de funciones y el osciloscopio digital, con el objetivo de conocer el error de la herramienta diseñada frente a instrumentos avanzados.
Resultados: Se construyó un dispositivo que calcula los parámetros básicos de una línea de transmisión con un error entre 3 % y 9 % en las mediciones.
Conclusiones: La herramienta desarrollada entrega resultados cercanos a los valores teóricos y, al compararse con los instrumentos (osciloscopio digital y generador de funciones), mide de forma exacta la impedancia característica; presenta un error porcentual del 3,7 % cuando mide la constante de fase; y registra un error porcentual menor del 9 % cuando calcula constante de atenuación, retardo, velocidad de propagación, resistencia, conductancia, capacitancia e inductancia. Esto determina que el error máximo de las mediciones es 8,98 %, y así se demuestra que el dispositivo desarrollado es adecuado para la medición de los parámetros de las líneas de transmisión.
Financiamiento: Universidad de Pamplona.
Biecheleriopsis adriatica (Dinophyceae: Suessiaceae): the first record from the Eastern Pacific Ocean
Authors: Ruiz-de la Torre Mary Carmen , Núñez Resendiz María Luisa , Dreckmann Kurt M. , Sentíes Abel , Zamudio-Resendiz María Eugenia , Escarcega-Bata Alexis 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Biecheleriopsis adriatica is a brittle dinoflagellate first described from the Adriatic Sea. In the present study, not only the presence of this species, but also the order Suessiales, is recorded for the first time in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, specifically in Todos Santos Bay, northwestern Mexico. The specimens found were collected at three sampling stations in November 2020. A molecular analysis was carried out based on the amplification of the 28 s rDNA gene, and cell morphology was examined using light microscopy. The analyses confirmed the identity and the first record of Biecheleriopsis adriatica in the area. Phylogenetically, the sequences formed a monophyletic group with those from GenBank for the Adriatic Sea and the Indo-Pacific; the morphology was consistent with the original and later descriptions. These results suggest that the diversity of the Suessiales in Mexico had been underestimated and the potential presence of a greater number of species of this group in the region.
Single‐molecule imaging reveals Tau trapping at nanometer‐sized dynamic hot spots near the plasma membrane that persists after microtubule perturbation and cholesterol depletion
Authors: Padmanabhan Pranesh , Kneynsberg Andrew , Cruz Esteban , Amor Rumelo , Sibarita Jean‐Baptiste , Götz Jürgen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAccumulation of aggregates of the microtubule‐binding protein Tau is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. While Tau is thought to primarily associate with microtubules, it also interacts with and localizes to the plasma membrane. However, little is known about how Tau behaves and organizes at the plasma membrane of live cells. Using quantitative, single‐molecule imaging, we show that Tau exhibits spatial and kinetic heterogeneity near the plasma membrane of live cells, resulting in the formation of nanometer‐sized hot spots. The hot spots lasted tens of seconds, much longer than the short dwell time (∼ 40 ms) of Tau on microtubules. Pharmacological and biochemical disruption of Tau/microtubule interactions did not prevent hot spot formation, suggesting that these are different from the reported Tau condensation on microtubules. Although cholesterol removal has been shown to reduce Tau pathology, its acute depletion did not affect Tau hot spot dynamics. Our study identifies an intrinsic dynamic property of Tau near the plasma membrane that may facilitate the formation of assembly sites for Tau to assume its physiological and pathological functions.
Acrodysostosis and pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP): adaptation of Japanese patients with a newly proposed classification and expanding the phenotypic spectrum of variants
Authors: Matsuura Nobuo , Kaname Tadashi , Niikawa Norio , Ooyama Yoshihide , Shinohara Osamu , Yokota Yukifumi , Ohtsu Shigeyuki , Takubo Noriyuki , Kitsuda Kazuteru , Shibayama Keiko , Takada Fumio , Koike Akemi , Sano Hitomi , Ito Yoshiya , Ishikura Kenji 
Published: August 2022

Objective
This study aimed to report on 15 Japanese patients with acrodysostosis and pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) and analyze them using the newly proposed classification of the EuroPHP network to determine whether this classification system is suitable for Japanese patients.

Design
We divided the patients into three groups based on hormone resistance, the number of fingers with short metacarpals, the existence of cone-shaped epiphyses and gene defects.

Methods
We carried out clinical, radiological and genetic evaluations of two patients in group A (iPPSD5), six patients in group B (iPPDS4) and seven patients in group C (iPPSD2).

Results
Group A consisted of two siblings without hormone resistance who had the most severe bone and physical developmental delays. PDE4D gene defects were detected in both cases. Group B consisted of six patients who showed hormone resistance without hypocalcemia. Short metacarpal bones with corn-shaped epiphyses were observed in all patients. In two cases, PRKAR1A gene defects were detected; however, their clinical and radiological features were not identical. The facial dysmorphism and developmental delay were less severe and PRKAR1A gene defects were detected in case B-3. Severe facial dysmorphism and deformity of metacarpal bones were observed, but no gene defect was detected in case B-1. Group C consisted of seven patients with PHP1a, four of whom had maternally inherited heterozygous inactivating mutations in one of the GNAS genes. The clinical and radiological features of the patients in group C were not identical either.

Conclusions
The newly proposed classification is suitable for Japanese patients; however, heterogeneities still existed within groups B and C.
High concentration of estradiol has a negative correlation with free thyroxine during the second trimester of pregnancy
Authors: He Leqi , Li Xiaoying , Chen Zaoping , Wang Wei , Wang Kai , Huang Xinmei , Yang Qian , Ke Wencai , Liu Jun , Zha Bingbing 
Published: August 2022

Objective
To explore the relationship between estradiol (E2) and thyroid function during the second trimester of pregnancy and the effect of E2 on sodium iodide transporter (NIS) expression in cultured thyroid cells.

Materials and methods
We analyzed relationships between E2 and thyroid function in 196 pregnant women during the second trimester. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed between E2 and thyroid function. The human thyroid Nthy-ori3-1 cells were cultured in different E2 concentrations, and the mRNA levels of NIS, estrogen receptor (ER)-α, and ER-β were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Their protein levels were assessed by western blot.

Results
E2 was positively correlated with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and negatively correlated with free thyroxine (FT4) (P < 0.05). When we corrected for age, BMI, alanine aminotransferase, and serum creatinine, E2 was still negatively correlated with FT4 (P < 0.5) during the second trimester. In Nthy-ori3-1 cells treated with 10 nM E2, NIS and ER-β mRNA levels were significantly reduced, while ER-α mRNA level was not altered (P > 0.5). Moreover, 10 nM E2 significantly decreased protein levels of ER-β, phosphorylated versions of protein kinase A (p-PKA), phosphorylated versions of cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB), and NIS, while treatment with the ER-β inhibitor restored the expression of p-PKA, p-CREB, and NIS (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
High concentration of E2 has a negative correlation with FT4. High concentration of E2 can inhibit the NIS expression through the ER-β-mediated pathway, which may cause thyroid hormone fluctuations during pregnancy.