bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Speckle-displacement-based wavemeter for mode-hop and side-mode detection
Authors: Jamal Muhammad T. , Jakobsen Michael L. , Hanson Steen G. , Hansen Anders K. , Jensen Ole B. 
Published: January 2022

A speckle-displacement-based wavemeter is combined with a spatial-fundamental-mode-pass filter to eliminate the influence of multimode operation on the directionality of the resulting output from a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) tapered laser. The proposed setup is characterized theoretically and experimentally, and detections of mode hops and side-mode suppression ratios (SMSRs) in the optical output are demonstrated. The laser illuminates a rough surface at an oblique angle, and a camera observes the corresponding speckle pattern from an almost identical back-scattering direction. As the wavelength of the laser shifts, the speckle pattern responds with a corresponding displacement, which is approximately linear with respect to the shift within the detection area. The wavemeter tracks continuously the shifts of the speckles pattern by tracking the peak of the covariance function of sequentially acquired images. In this way, the speckle-displacement-based wavemeter achieves a spectral resolution of 10.4 MHz. Mode hops in the laser do not cause any impeding decorrelation of the speckle patterns. Interestingly, the actual SMSR is related to the peak height and width of the absolute covariance function. A wavemeter, which is capable of measuring wavelengths, mode hops, and SMSRs, is highly useful for spectroscopy, quantum optics, nonlinear frequency conversion, and other applications requiring stable single-frequency laser light, especially when using diode lasers.
Prediction model of residual stress during precision glass molding of
optical lenses
Authors: Fu Hang , Xue Changxi , Liu Yue , Cao Bo , Lang Changfu , Yang Chao 
Published: January 2022

Precision glass molding (PGM) is an important processing technology for aspheric lenses that has the advantages of low complexity, high precision, and short processing time. The key problem in the PGM process is to accurately predict the residual stress of aspheric lenses. In this paper, we examine the residual stress relaxation model for aspheric lenses, including a creep experiment of D-K9 glass, calculating shear relaxation function, and predicting residual stress of aspheric lenses with the finite element method. Validations of the proposed model are conducted for three different process parameters, including molding temperature, molding pressure, and molding rate. The experimental and simulation results show that the errors of the residual stresses of the three process parameters are within 0.358 Mpa, which proves the validity of the model. The model can be used to predict the residual stress of the optical glass lens fabricated by PGM and analyze the processing parameters.
Optical design of a cooled mid-wave infrared off-axis three-mirror system with a low F-number and wide field of view
Authors: Xie Yunqiang , Liu Chunyu , Liu Shuai , Xu Minglin , Fan Xinghao , Rao Qilong 
Published: January 2022

Infrared imaging systems with a wide detection scale, excellent precision, and high resolution are playing an increasingly important role in many fields. Compared with uncooled infrared detectors, the cooled infrared detectors have the advantages of high precision, long detection distance, and a high signal-to-noise ratio due to the low working temperature. In this paper, a cooled off-axis three-mirror mid-wave infrared (MWIR) optical system with a wide field of view (FOV), long focal length, and large relative aperture is designed. We first establish the initial coaxial three-mirror system based on the third-order Seidel aberration theory and then make the aperture stop offset to eliminate central obscuration. During the process of optimization, the FOV of the system is expanded stepwise, and it is not biased to avoid the extra aberration. In order to increase the optimizing degrees of freedom to improve the aberration elimination ability of the system, we apply the

X
Y

polynomial surface on the tertiary mirror (TM). After optimization, we finally obtain a cooled off-axis three-mirror MWIR optical system with a FOV of

5.3

∘

×

4.4

∘

, a focal length of 500 mm, and a relative aperture of 1/2. The image quality of our system is excellent, and the aperture stop is between the focal plane and the TM, and coaxial with the focal plane, meeting the conditions of matching with the cold stop of the infrared detector. The tolerance analysis is also carried out, and the result shows that the system meets the requirements of practical fabrication and alignment.
Certain results on trans-paraSasakian 3-manifolds
Authors: Kumara H. Aruna , Venkatesha V. , Naik Devaraja Mallesha 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Let M be a trans-paraSasakian 3-manifold. In this paper, the necessary and sufficient condition for the Reeb vector field of a trans-paraSasakian 3-manifold to be harmonic is obtained. Also, it is proved that the Ricci operator of M is invariant along the Reeb flow if and only if M is a paracosymplectic manifold, an α-paraSasakian manifold or a space of negative constant sectional curvature.
Reducing total annual cost and CO2 emissions in batch distillation for separating ternary wide boiling mixtures using vapor recompression heat pump
Authors: Gandu Radhika , Burolia Akash Kumar , Ambati Seshagiri Rao , Gara Uday Bhaskar Babu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper presents cost-effective heat pump assisted vapor recompression (VRC) design algorithms for the separation of ternary wide boiling mixture in batch distillation in order to reduce total annual cost (TAC) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. A minimum TAC and CO2 is required by the batch distillation process industry for any investments in heat integrated systems, such as VRC. Consequently, the design conditions for implementing VRC should be chosen such that the energetic performance is maximum at minimum TAC. The model system selected in this paper is an application involving high temperature lift, that is, hexanol–octanol–decanol ternary wide boiling mixture. First, a systematic simulation algorithm was developed for conventional multicomponent batch distillation (CMBD) and single-stage vapor recompressed multicomponent batch distillation (SiVRMBD) to determine the optimal number of stages based on the maximum TAC savings. The SiVRMBD saves more energy and TAC than CMBD. However, SiVRMBD has a high compression ratio (CR) throughout the operation, which is not practically feasible for the batch distillation processing. Second, in order to increase the performance and minimize the SiVRMBD weakness, a novel optimal multi-stage vapor recompression algorithm was proposed to operate at the lowest possible CR (<3.5) throughout the batch operation while also conserving the most TAC. Overall, the findings suggest that the proposed optimal multi-stage VRC reduces TAC and CO2 emissions significantly when compared to CMBD. Finally, the influence of the different feed compositions on VRC performance is also studied.
Prescribing Ricci curvature on homogeneous spaces
Authors: Lauret Jorge , Will Cynthia E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe prescribed Ricci curvature problem in the context ofG-invariant metrics on a homogeneous spaceM=G/K{M=G/K}is studied. We focus on the metrics at which the mapg↦Rc⁡(g){g\mapsto\operatorname{Rc}(g)}is, locally, as injective and surjective as it can be. Our main result is that such property is generic in the compact case. Our main tool is a formula for the Lichnerowicz Laplacian we prove in terms of the moment map for the variety of algebras.
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels are associated with major depressive disorder
Authors: Proma Maliha Afrin , Daria Sohel , Nahar Zabun , Ashraful Islam Sardar Mohammad , Bhuiyan Mohiuddin Ahmed , Islam Md. Rabiul 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a distressing condition characterized by persistent low mood, loss of interest in daily activities. Researchers consider several biological, psycho-social, and genetic factors are involved in depression. The present study aimed to investigate the serum levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in MDD patients to explore its role in depression.

Methods
This case-control study recruited 114 MDD patients and 106 healthy controls (HCs) matched by age and gender. A specialized psychiatrist diagnosed the cases and evaluated the controls based on the diagnostic and statistical manual for mental disorders, 5th edition. We quantified serum MCP-1 levels using commercially available enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay kits. Also, we applied the Hamilton depression rating scale (Ham-D) to measure the severity of depression.

Results
We observed the decreased levels of serum MCP-1 in MDD patients compared to HCs. Also, we obtained a significant negative correlation between serum MCP-1 levels and Ham-D scores. Moreover, female MDD patients with higher Ham-D scores exhibited lower serum MCP-1 levels. The receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated the good diagnostic value of MCP-1 with the area under the curve at 0.837.

Conclusions
The depression-related alteration of serum MCP-1 may be more complicated than the current assumption and depends on the characteristics of the individual patients. Our study suggests that the serum MCP-1 levels might involve in the pathophysiology and mechanism of MDD. The present findings, along with the diagnostic evaluation, might be used to evaluate depressive patients.
Political Domination and Economic Dispossession of Farmers: The Case of Land Acquisition for Special Economic Zones in India
Authors: Misra Kartik 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Involuntary acquisition of agricultural land for setting up of Special Economic Zones (SEZ) in India benefited the elite at the expense of small farmers who were and are the dominant voting group. Consequently, such policies were met with fierce political resistance by farmer organizations across the country. However, these movements have a mixed record against land acquisition attempts by the state and large corporations. This paper presents a simple model of the political conflict between the elite and small farmers over land acquisition to show how the elite may mobilize resources to ensure that their economic interests are protected even in democracies where they are in electoral minorities. We test the predictions of our model using a new data set compiled on SEZ projects that failed to acquire land because of farmer agitations. We show that factors like inequality in land ownership (class) and hierarchies of caste hinder the ability of small and marginal farmers to successfully organize collective action against land acquisition. Further, the division of votes along caste and ethnic lines also dilutes the potential for successful farmer agitations against land acquisition. Finally, we find that historically marginalized communities also resist land acquisition even when they face greater caste-based discrimination in the traditional village economy.
Religion, Religious Textbooks and Territorialisation of Sinhala Buddhist Ethno-nationalism in Sri Lanka
Authors: Senanayake Harsha 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The idea of ‘homelanď performed a central role in nationalist debates, and particularly majority/ minority societies exercise the concept of the homeland, religion and religious texts to shaped their nationalist discourse and claimed their rights over a given territory. In this context, nationalism and religion can be understood as contested terms, particularly in third world nation-states including countries like Sri Lanka, which has suffered from the three-decades-long civil war between Sinhala-Buddhist majoritarian government and minority-Tamil community based separatist movement of LTTE. The formation of Sinhala- Buddhist nationalism carries interesting links with the religion and religious textbooks and based on these Buddhist religious and historical claims the majoritarian political mindset of the Sinhala community believes Sri Lanka is their homeland, and other minority communities are alien for the society. The contemporary, political and security discourse of Sri Lanka has strongly brought these Buddhism and religious texts to claim rights over the territory and galvanised ‘Sinhala-Buddhist rights’ over the popular nationalist movement. In this context, the paper discusses ‘how and why Sinhala nationalist movement strongly shaped by the Buddhist religious values and books’ and the rationale behind the link between Sinhala nationalism and Buddhist religion based on the conceptual framework of “Geopiety.”
Structure and magnetic properties of Bi-doped calcium aluminosilicate glass microspheres
Authors: Majerová Melinda , Škrátek Martin , Hruška Branislav , Dvurečenskij Andrej , Švančárek Peter , Prnová Anna , Kraxner Jozef , Bruneel Els , De Buysser Klaartje , Galusek Dušan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bi-doped CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 glass microspheres with Ca2Al2SiO7 (gehlenite) composition were prepared by combination of solid-state reaction and flame synthesis. The concentration of Bi was 0.0, 0.5, 1 and 3 mol%. The chemical composition of prepared glass microspheres was determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The structural and magnetic properties of prepared glass microspheres and their polycrystalline analogues were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy and SQUID magnetometry. The closer inspection of glass microspheres surface by SEM confirmed smooth surface and revealed no features indicating presence of crystalline phases. All Bi-doped microspheres are X-ray amorphous, however in case of undoped microspheres XRD detected traces of crystalline gehlenite. XRD analysis of samples crystallized at 1273 K for 10 h revealed the presence of gehlenite as the main crystalline phase. The presence of gehlenite in crystallized samples were also confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. All samples (glass microspheres and their crystalline analogues) showed diamagnetic or weak ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature, whereas paramagnetic or weak ferromagnetic behavior was observed at 2 K.
Deplay BSDEs driven by fractional Brownian motion
Authors: Aidara Sadibou , Sane Ibrahima 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper deals with a class of deplay backward stochastic differential equations driven by fractional Brownian motion (with Hurst parameter H greater than

1
2

{\frac{1}{2}}

). In this type of equation, a generator at time t can depend not only on the present but also the past solutions. We essentially establish existence and uniqueness of a solution in the case of Lipschitz coefficients and non-Lipschitz coefficients. The stochastic integral used throughout this paper is the divergence-type integral.
Validity and Test-Retest Reliability of the Vmaxpro Sensor for Evaluation of Movement Velocity in the Deep Squat
Authors: Feuerbacher Joshua F. , Jacobs Mats W. , Dragutinovic Boris , Goldmann Jan-Peter , Cheng Sulin , Schumann Moritz 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Feuerbacher, JF, Jacobs, MW, Dragutinovic, B, Goldmann, J-P, Cheng, S, and Schumann, M. Validity and test-retest reliability of the Vmaxpro sensor for evaluation of movement velocity in the deep squat. J Strength Cond Res 37(1): 35–40, 2023—We aimed at assessing the validity and test-retest reliability of the inertial measurement unit-based Vmaxpro sensor compared with a Vicon 3D motion capture system and the T-Force sensor during an incremental 1-repetition maximum (1RM) test and at submaximal loads. Nineteen subjects reported to the laboratory for the 1RM test sessions, whereas 15 subjects carried out another 3 sessions consisting of 3 repetitions with 4 different intensities (30, 50, 70, and 90% of 1RM) to determine the intra- and interday reliability. The Vmaxpro sensor showed high validity (Vicon: R
2 = 0.935; T-Force: R
2 = 0.968) but an overestimation of the mean velocities (MVs) of 0.06 ± 0.08 m·s−1 and 0.06 ± 0.06 m·s−1 compared with Vicon and T-Force, respectively. Regression analysis indicated a systematic bias that is increasing with higher MVs. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for Vmaxpro were moderate to high for intraday (ICC: 0.662–0.938; p ≤ 0.05) and for interday (ICC: 0.568–0.837; p ≤ 0.05) reliability, respectively. The Vmaxpro is a valid and reliable measurement device that can be used to monitor movement velocities within a training session. However, practitioners should be cautious when assessing movement velocities on separate days because of the moderate interday reliability.
Testing and Modeling the Gradually Applying Compressive Stress to Measuring the Strain of Self-Compacted Cement Paste Using Vipulanandan p-q Model
Authors: Mahmood Wael , Salih Mohammed Ahmed , Asteris Panagiotis G. , Ahmed Hawreen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study tested and quantified the stress-strain behavior, elastic modulus, and toughness of self-compacted cement paste. The characteristics of self-compacted flowable cement paste modified with two types of polymer up to 0.06 % (dry weight of cement) were investigated. Stress-strain behavior of modified cement with polymer was investigated for different curing times 1, 3, 7, and 28 days. Adding polymers improved the flowability of cement by 7 to 26 %, but it decreased the water/cement ratio (w/c) from 0.5 to 0.29, depending on the polymeric structure and its content. The nonlinear Vipulanandan p-q equation was tested to predict the stress-strain relationship of the modified cement with polymers and was compared with the β model. When 0.06 % polymers were added to cement, the compressive strength increased by 107 to 257 %. According to polymer types, curing age (t), w/c, and polymer content, the initial elastic modulus (E) of cement also increased by 23 to 240 % with additional polymers. Based on the statistical evaluation tools, the Vipulanandan p-q model predicted the stress-strain relationships better than β model. Linear and nonlinear relationships were used to predict the compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and toughness of the cement paste as a function of w/c, curing time, and polymer contents.
The Dark Number of Insurance Crimes
Authors: Zalewski Wojciech , Majewski Piotr 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Insurance crime makes is difficult to interpret and measure the scale of undisclosed crime. In the insurance industry, the perpetrator can easily craft a false claim by simulating, for example a traffic accident, injury, or property damage. This causes difficulties in the evidential process and measuring the scale of the phenomenon. The aim of the article is to analyse the phenomenon of the dark number of insurance crimes. This paper includes the analysis of the definition of the term ‘dark number’ and other factors, such the degree of market development, the effectiveness of detection, the level of insurance awareness, and the dimension of social consent in Poland and selected European countries. Defeating the problem of insurance crime and estimating the dark number of insurance crimes requires taking into account the specificity of individual markets and types of insurance. We prove that effective measurement and reduction of a dark number of insurance crime is not possible without the constant updating of knowledge about the phenomenon of insurance crime and the use of advanced IT tools.
Lymphatic self-massage for enhancing immunity during a pandemic
Authors: Sapozhnikova O. V. , Eliseeva E. E. 
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the problem of improving immunity during the COVID-19 pandemic and the related effect of lymphatic self-massage.The article analyzes the general concepts of the lymphatic system and its functions, as well as lymphatic self-massage and its effect on cardiovascular and lymphatic systems.It is noted that the lymph flow stimulation through movements activates and normalizes the most important body functions. Using Skype, the authors surveyed medical students about knowledge on benefits and techniques of lymphatic selfmassage.Further, a master class was held on the technique of lymphatic self-massage. The authors studied the awareness of students about the benefits of lymphatic selfmassage, revealed a tendency to chronic diseases and assessed the benefits after the procedure.Based on the data obtained, it was revealed that viral infections, namely COVID-19, provoke one of the most common diseases — autoimmune thyroiditis. So, 64% of the respondents noted about it.Using lymphatic self-massage, the manifestations of this pathology decreases, the facial muscles relax and the blood and lymph outflow improves.Thus, there is an undoubted benefit of lymphatic self-massage for the prevention of diseases with immune involvement, including COVID-19.
β-hCG levels in second trimester as a predictor of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia
Authors: Rathore Neha , Khajuria Reema , Jaggi Rohini 
Published: January 2022

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy complicate up to 10% of pregnancies worldwide, and remain amongst the most significant and intriguing unsolved problems in obstetrics. The goal of this study is to test the hypothesis that women with high serum β-hCG levels in early pregnancy are at higher risk of developing gestational hypertension and preeclampsia.Methods: This is a prospective study done in 200 women between 13 and 20 weeks of gestation, selected randomly for this study. Serum β-hCG estimation was done by Sandwich chemiluminescence immunoassay method and calculated in multiple of median (MOM). They were followed till delivery for development of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Results were analysed statistically.Results: Out of 200 cases, 43 (21.5%) cases developed PIH. β-hCG levels were considered raised if the levels were >2 MOM. Out of 39 cases with beta HCG levels >2 MOM, 32 (82.1%) developed PIH whereas 7 (17.9%) remain normotensives against. Also, higher levels of beta HCG are associated with increased severity of PIH (p<0.000). The sensitivity was 82%, speciﬁcity was 93.2% and positive predictive value was 74.3%.Conclusions: The study conclude that elevated serum β-hCG levels in women with second trimester pregnancy indicates increased risk of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia and raised β-hCG levels are associated with severity of disease
MODERNIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION IN THE AFTERMATH OF THE MASS MEDIA
Authors: Usman Sobia , Farooq Usman , Chaudhary Muhammad Umair 
Published: January 2022

Purpose of the study: This research is a humble effort to ascertain what constitutes the connection between our prevailing societies, culture, and mass media; it is an effort to delve into the realm of the circumstances and conditions that cause the three of them to be intertwined. Methodology: Qualitative research method has been used to analyze & explore the confusing and increasing connection between predominant societies and mass media. Main Findings: The cultural effervescence, richness, and vibrancy of the globe are at stake and this cannot be further ignored. Because of the unrelenting cultural promotion of the dominant powers by the use of the media in the developing world, the younger generation is blissfully unaware of the rich local cultures, traditions, and values that their predecessors held in these countries. Application of the study: The present study may be applied to understand the consequences of Mass media after its advancement & globalization.