bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Realization of Coexisting Charge Density Wave and Quantum Spin/Anomalous Hall State in Monolayer NbTe2
Authors: Zhang Kang , Zou Nianlong , Ren Yanru , Wu Jizheng , Si Chen , Duan Wenhui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe combination of nontrivial topology and charge density wave (CDW) has been proposed as a powerful resource for realizing novel quantum phenomena such as axion electrodynamics and the anomalous Hall effect. Hence, topological materials with CDW states attract great interest, yet they are still very rare, particularly in the 2D limit. Here, it is predicted that monolayer NbTe2 in its high‐symmetry 1T phase stabilized by anharmonicity at room temperature exhibits nontrivial topology sensitive to electronic interactions: it changes from a quantum spin Hall (QSH) state to a quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) state when the Hubbard potential U exceeds a critical value. At low temperature, a 4 × 4 CDW order emerges and coexists with the nontrivial topology. Meanwhile, the critical U increases because CDW reduces density of states at Fermi level. More interestingly, in contrast to the high‐symmetry structure that actually is a topologically nontrivial metal, the CDW structure shows an insulating nontrivial gap either in the QSH or the QAH phase, indicating CDW is an effective means to modulate the topological state for developing new functions and devices. These discoveries establish NbTe2 as a promising candidate to explore exotic quantum states at the confluence of nontrivial topology, electronic correlation, and CDW.
Exceeding 50 mW RMS‐Output Magneto‐Mechano‐Electric Generator by Hybridizing Piezoelectric and Electromagnetic Induction Effects
Authors: Kwak Min Sub , Peddigari Mahesh , Lee Ha Young , Min Yuho , Park Kwi‐Il , Kim Jong‐Hyun , Yoon Woon‐Ha , Ryu Jungho , Yi Sam Nyung , Jang Jongmoon , Hwang Geon‐Tae 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA magneto‐mechano‐electric (MME) generator with root mean square (RMS) output exceeding 50 mW is demonstrated by integration of a piezoelectric Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PMN‐PZT) single crystal and an electromagnetic induction structure to convert a gentle alternating current magnetic field into electricity to operate a high‐power consumption multi‐functional Internet of Things (IoT) environmental monitoring system. The 2nd resonance bending mode at the cantilever‐type hybrid MME generator enabled much higher output power than the conventional 1st resonance mode, which is theoretically investigated by a finite element analysis. The hybridized MME generator can generate a total RMS output power of 60 mW since the output power of the piezoelectric and electromagnetic induction parts is 26.7 and 33.3 mW, respectively, by a magnetic field of 7 Oe at the 2nd harmonic bending mode. The hybrid MME generator is employed to irradiate a red laser as well as to fully charge a commercial 280 mAh LiFePO4 battery. Finally, a self‐powered multi‐functional IoT environment monitoring system is constructed by integrating the hybrid MME generator, a power management circuit, and a wireless multiple sensing modules. The remarkable output power from the hybridized MME generator enabled the continuous sensing of nine types of ambient information and subsequent transmission of the measured data to a smartphone.
Advanced Ultralow‐Concentration Electrolyte for Wide‐Temperature and High‐Voltage Li‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Zhicheng , Zhang Haiyang , Xu Jingjing , Pan Anran , Zhang Fengrui , Wang Lei , Han Ran , Hu Jianchen , Liu Meinan , Wu Xiaodong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHigh‐voltage Li‐metal batteries (LMBs) are regarded as next‐generation high‐energy‐density storage devices to apply to extensive fields such as electric vehicles, space explorations, subsea operations, and grid‐scale storages. Unfortunately, their practical applications are restricted by some defects of commercial carbonate electrolytes including flammability, low oxidation stability, narrow temperature operation window, and Li dendrites growth. Herein, a novel ultralow‐concentration electrolyte (ULCE, 0.1 m) is fabricated by dissolving lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate in N‐methyl‐N‐methoxyethyl‐pyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([MEMP][TFSI]) ionic liquid and 1,1,2,2‐tetrafluoroethyl‐2,2,3,3‐tetrafluoropropylether. This advanced ULCE exhibits impressive merits including low cost, non‐flammability, wide operation temperature (−100 to +70 °C), and high electrochemical window (5.75 V). Meanwhile, it helps to suppress Li dendrite growth due to the combined effect of the cation shielding by MEMP+ cations and robust solid electrolyte interphase formed by the preferential decomposition of DFOB− and TFSI− anions. The LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622)/Li cell with ULCE shows outstanding performance under a high voltage of 4.5 V and a wide temperature range from −60 to 70 °C. This work provides a distinctive sight to design advanced electrolyte for lower cost, safe, and wide‐temperature high‐energy‐density LMBs.
pH‐Controlled Switch over Coadsorption and Separation for Mixed Cs+ and Sr2+ by an Acid‐Resistant Potassium Thioantimonate
Authors: Zhao Yi‐Ming , Cheng Lin , Wang Kai‐Yao , Hao Xin , Wang Juan , Zhu Jia‐Ying , Sun Meng , Wang Cheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSwitchable coadsorption and separation for elimination/partitioning of Cs+ and Sr2+ is achieved by pH‐controlled ion exchange using a potassium thioantimonate K2Sb4S7·2H2O (SbS‐1K) with fantastic pH durability from diluted NaOH (pH 12) to concentrated HCl (3 m). At pH 6, SbS‐1K exhibits ultrafast adsorption kinetics (R ≈ 90% in 2 min for Cs+ and 20 min for Sr2+) and high removal rates (R ≈ 98–99%) at equilibrium for both Cs+ and Sr2+. At pH 2, the Sr2+ adsorption is inhibited by H+ with a great loss in RSr to 11.18%, whereas the RCs remains at 96.99%, contributing to a top‐ranked separation factor SFCs/Sr of 256. The SbS‐1K‐filled ion exchange column can be switched between the eliminating (RCs > 99.91%; RSr > 98.19%) and separating (RCs > 98.99%; RSr ≈ 0±3%) modes for treating continuous flow with a variation from pH 6 to pH 2 or vice versa. The SbS‐1K/PTFE membrane exhibits coadsorption and separation effects for filtration of low concentrated mixed Cs+ and Sr2+ solution (1 ppm for each), even at an ultrafast vacuum filtration speed (30 mL min–1). Combined with easy synthesis and high β/γ irradiation resistance, SbS‐1K represents a new‐concept bifunctional exchanger with discriminating intelligence for equipment innovation.
Enhanced Light Absorption in All‐Polymer Biomimetic Photonic Structures by Near‐Zero‐Index Organic Matter
Authors: Castillo Miguel A. , Estévez‐Varela C. , Wardley William P. , Serna R. , Pastoriza‐Santos I. , Núñez‐Sánchez S. , Lopez‐Garcia Martin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNatural photosynthetic photonic nanostructures can show sophisticated light–matter interactions including enhanced light absorption by slow light even for highly pigmented systems. Beyond fundamental biology aspects, these natural nanostructures are very attractive as blueprints for advanced photonic devices. But the soft‐matter biomimetic implementations of such nanostructures is challenging due to the low refractive index contrast of most organic photonic structures. Excitonic organic materials with near‐zero index (NZI) optical properties allow overcoming these bottlenecks. Here, it is demonstrated that the combination of NZI thin films with photonic multilayers like the ones found in nature enables broadband tunable strong reflectance as well as slow light absorption enhancement and tailored photoluminescence properties in the full VIS spectrum. Moreover, it is shown that this complex optical response is tunable, paving the way toward the development of active devices based on all‐polymer and near‐zero index materials photonic structures.
Blocking Cancer–Nerve Crosstalk for Treatment of Metastatic Bone Cancer Pain
Authors: Chu Xu , Zhuang Hongjun , Liu Yanyan , Li Jinjin , Wang Ya , Jiang Yaqin , Zhang Huilin , Zhao Peiran , Chen Yang , Jiang Xingwu , Wu Yelin , Bu Wenbo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe tumor microenvironment is a complex milieu where neurons constitute an important non‐neoplastic cell type. From “cancer neuroscience,” the crosstalk between tumors and neurons favors the rapid growth of both, making the cancer–nerve interaction a reciprocally beneficial process. Thus, cancer–nerve crosstalk may provide new targets for therapeutic intervention against cancer and cancer‐related symptoms. We proposed a nerve–cancer crosstalk blocking strategy for metastatic bone cancer pain treatment, achieved by Mg/Al layered‐double‐hydroxide nanoshells (Mg/Al‐LDH) with AZ‐23 loaded inside and alendronate decorated outside. The pain‐causing H+ is rapidly eliminated by the LDH, with neurogenesis inhibited by the antagonist AZ‐23. As positive feedback, the decreased pain reverses the nerve‐to‐cancer Ca2+ crosstalk‐related cell cycle, dramatically inhibiting tumor growth. All experiments confirm the improved pain threshold and enhanced tumor inhibition. The study may inspire multidisciplinary researchers to focus on cancer–nerve crosstalk for treating cancer and accompanied neuropathic diseases.
Activating a Semiconductor–Liquid Junction via Laser‐Derived Dual Interfacial Layers for Boosted Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Jian Jie , Wang Shiyuan , Ye Qian , Li Fan , Su Guirong , Liu Wei , Qu Changzhen , Liu Feng , Li Can , Jia Lichao , Novikov Andrei A. , Vinokurov Vladimir A. , Harvey Daniel H. S. , Shchukin Dmitry , Friedrich Dennis , van de Krol Roel , Wang Hongqiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe semiconductor–liquid junction (SCLJ), the dominant place in photoelectrochemical (PEC) catalysis, determines the interfacial activity and stability of photoelectrodes, whcih directly affects the viability of PEC hydrogen generation. Though efforts dedicated in past decades, a challenge remains regarding creating a synchronously active and stable SCLJ, owing to the technical hurdles of simultaneously overlaying the two advantages. The present work demonstrates that creating an SCLJ with a unique configuration of the dual interfacial layers can yield BiVO4 photoanodes with synchronously boosted photoelectrochemical activity and operational stability, with values located at the top in the records of such photoelectrodes. The bespoke dual interfacial layers, accessed via grafting laser‐generated carbon dots with phenolic hydroxyl groups (LGCDs‐PHGs), are experimentally verified effective, not only in generating the uniform layer of LGCDs with covalent anchoring for inhibited photocorrosion, but also in activating, respectively, the charge separation and transfer in each layer for boosted charge‐carrier kinetics, resulting in FeNiOOH–LGCDs‐PHGs–MBVO photoanodes with a dual configuration with the photocurrent density of 6.08 mA cm−2 @ 1.23 VRHE, and operational stability up to 120 h @ 1.23 VRHE. Further work exploring LGCDs‐PHGs from catecholic molecules warrants the proposed strategy as being a universal alternative for addressing the interfacial charge‐carrier kinetics and operational stability of semiconductor photoelectrodes.
Radio Frequency Sensing‐Based In Situ Temperature Measurements during Magnetic Resonance Imaging Interventional Procedures
Authors: Bilgin Mehmet Berk , Tiryaki Mehmet Efe , Lazovic Jelena , Sitti Metin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐tuned radio‐frequency (RF) sensors are used as a radiation‐free alternative for tracking minimally invasive medical tool positions. However, in situ temperature sensing capabilities of the MRI‐tuned RF sensors have not been thoroughly investigated yet. A self‐resonating RF sensor capable of remote in situ temperature sensing during real‐time interventional MRI is presented. The proposed RF sensor design relies on the temperature‐dependent permittivity to tune or detune the resonant frequency. The sensor is tuned to match the resonant frequency of a 7 Tesla MRI (298 MHz) at body temperature, enabling a hyperintense signal in MR images. As temperature increases, the sensor detunes due to the change in the relative permittivity, and the hyperintense signal disappears in the MR image, serving as a direct visual indicator of the temperature change in real‐time. In addition, the localized signal can be used for 3D position tracking of interventional medical devices. Using a 7 Tesla preclinical MRI, in vitro characterization and ex vivo feasibility of the proposed temperature sensing method are demonstrated in the clinically relevant temperature range of 36–42 °C with an accuracy of ±0.6 °C. Such RF sensors can provide safer operations in future MRI interventional procedures.
The Importance of the Macroscopic Geometry in Gas‐Phase Photocatalysis
Authors: Matter Fabian , Niederberger Markus 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPhotocatalysis has the potential to make a major technological contribution to solving pressing environmental and energy problems. There are many strategies for improving photocatalysts, such as tuning the composition to optimize visible light absorption, charge separation, and surface chemistry, ensuring high crystallinity, and controlling particle size and shape to increase overall surface area and exploit the reactivity of individual crystal facets. These processes mainly affect the nanoscale and are therefore summarized as nanostructuring. In comparison, microstructuring is performed on a larger size scale and is mainly concerned with particle assembly and thin film preparation. Interestingly, most structuring efforts stop at this point, and there are very few examples of geometry optimization on a millimeter or even centimeter scale. However, the recent work on nanoparticle‐based aerogel monoliths has shown that this size range also offers great potential for improving the photocatalytic performance of materials, especially when the macroscopic geometry of the monolith is matched to the design of the photoreactor. This review article is dedicated to this aspect and addresses some issues and open questions that arise when working with macroscopically large photocatalysts. Guidelines are provided that could help develop novel and efficient photocatalysts with a truly 3D architecture.
Variation in cloud immersion, not precipitation, drives leaf trait plasticity and water relations in vascular epiphytes during an extreme drought
Authors: Ferguson Briana N. , Gotsch Sybil G. , Williams Cameron B. , Wilson Hannah , Barnes Caitlin N. , Dawson Todd E. , Nadkarni Nalini M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPremiseEpiphytes are abundant in ecosystems such as tropical montane cloud forests where low‐lying clouds are often in contact with vegetation. Climate projections for these regions include more variability in rainfall and an increase in cloud base heights, which would lead to drier conditions in the soil and atmosphere. While recent studies have examined the effects of drought on epiphytic water relations, the influence that atmospheric moisture has, either alone or in combination with drought, on the health and performance of epiphyte communities remains unclear.MethodsWe conducted a 10‐week drought experiment on seven vascular epiphyte species in two shadehouses, one with warmer and drier conditions and another that was cooler and more humid. We measured water relations across control and drought‐treatment groups and assessed functional traits of leaves produced during drought conditions to evaluate trait plasticity.ResultsEpiphytes exposed to drought and drier atmospheric conditions had a significant reduction in stomatal conductance and leaf water potential and an increase in leaf dry matter. Nonsucculent epiphytes from the drier shadehouse had the greatest shifts in functional traits, whereas succulent epiphytes released stored leaf water to maintain water status.ConclusionsIndividuals in the drier shadehouse had a substantial reduction in performance, whereas drought‐treated individuals that experienced cloud immersion displayed minimal changes in water status. Our results indicate that projected increases in the cloud base height will reduce growth and performance of epiphytic communities and that nonsucculent epiphytes may be particularly vulnerable.
Pollen in water of unstable salinity: Evolution and function of dynamic apertures in monocot aquatics
Authors: Severova Elena E. , Rudall Paula J. , Macfarlane Terry D. , Krasnova Elena D. , Sokoloff Dmitry D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPremiseThe sporoderm of seed‐plant pollen grains typically has apertures in which the outer sporopollenin‐bearing layer is relatively sparse. The apertures allow regulation of the internal volume of the pollen grain during desiccation and rehydration (harmomegathy) and also serve as sites of pollen germination. A small fraction of angiosperms undergo pollination in water or at the water surface, where desiccation is unlikely. Their pollen grains commonly lack apertures, though with some notable exceptions. We tested a hypothesis that in some angiosperm aquatics that inhabit water of unstable salinity, the pollen apertures accommodate osmotic effects that occur during pollination in such conditions.MethodsPollen grains of the tepaloid clade of the monocot order Alismatales, which contains ecologically diverse aquatic and marshy plants, were examined using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. We used Ruppia as a model to test pollen grain response in water of various salinities. Pollen aperture evolution was also analyzed using molecular tree topologies.ResultsPhylogenetic optimizations demonstrated an evolutionary loss and two subsequent regains of the aperturate condition in the tepaloid clade of Alismatales. Both of the taxa that have reverted to aperturate pollen (Ruppia, Ruppiaceae; Althenia, Potamogetonaceae) are adapted to changeable water salinity. Direct experiments with Ruppia showed that the pollen apertures have a role in a harmomegathic response to differences in water salinity.ConclusionsOur results showed that the inferred regain of pollen apertures represents an adaptation to changeable water salinity. We invoke a loss‐and‐regain scenario, prompting questions that are testable using developmental genetics and plant physiology.
BRPF1‐associated syndrome: A patient with congenital ptosis, neurological findings, and normal intellectual development
Authors: Souza Josiane , do Valle Daniel Almeida , Santos Mara Lucia Schmidt Ferreira , Colomé Fernanda Bonilla , Teive Helio Afonso Ghizoni , da Silva Freitas Renato , Herai Roberto Hirochi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn 2017, Mattiolli et al. and Yan et al. described a series of patients with clinical findings essentially characterized by intellectual disabilities, ptosis, hypotonia, epilepsy, and weakness. They also found in these patients distinct heterozygous mutations in the BRPF1 gene, which plays a role in epigenetic regulation by promoting histone acetylation. The disease is known as Intellectual Developmental Disorder with Dysmorphic Facies and Ptosis (IDDDFP, OMIM #617333). Later, another 20 patients were also described by distinct reports, suggesting IDDDFP could be a more frequent cause of intellectual disability as it was thought before. Here, we describe a patient with normal intellectual development who had congenital ptosis, hypotonia, muscular weakness, atlanto‐axial malformation, and pyramidal at the neurological examination. The patient has a rare nonsense variant on exon 3 of BRPF1 gene. We also describe a phenotypic amplification for conditions related to deficiency in histone modifications.
A novel pathogenic variant at the C‐terminal propeptide cleavage site of COL1A1, causing osteogenesis imperfecta with intrafamilial variability
Authors: Lang Steven H. , Gallo Ryan A. , Forghani Irman 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOsteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare connective tissue disorder with clinical and genetic heterogeneity. The cardinal features of OI are bone fragility and low bone mineral density (BMD). Pathogenic variants in COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes, which encode the proα‐1(I) and proα‐2(I) chains of Type 1 collagen, are the most common causes of OI. Mutations disrupting the carboxy‐terminal propeptide cleavage site of the proα‐1(I) and proα‐2(I) chains have recently been reported as rare causes of OI with paradoxically normal to high BMD. This report describes a father and daughter with OI who are heterozygous for a novel likely pathogenic variant at the carboxy‐terminal propeptide cleavage site of COL1A1 (NM_000088.4): c.3656A>G; (p.Asp1219Gly). We describe their intrafamilial phenotypic variability and overlapping features with other COL1A1‐related disorders.
The roles of eosinophils and interleukin‐5 in the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Gevaert Philippe , Han Joseph K. , Smith Steven G. , Sousa Ana R. , Howarth Peter H. , Yancey Steven W. , Chan Robert , Bachert Claus 
Published: March 2022

AbstractChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is generally associated with eosinophilic tissue infiltration linked to type 2 inflammation and characterized by elevated levels of interleukin (IL)‐5 and other type 2 inflammatory mediators. Although distinct and overlapping contributions of eosinophils and IL‐5 to CRSwNP pathology are still being explored, they are both known to play an important role in NP inflammation. Eosinophils secrete numerous type 2 inflammatory mediators including granule proteins, enzymes, cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, lipids, and oxidative products. IL‐5 is critical for the differentiation, migration, activation, and survival of eosinophils but is also implicated in the biological functions of mast cells, basophils, innate lymphoid cells, B cells, and epithelial cells. Results from clinical trials of therapeutics that target type 2 inflammatory mediators (including but not limited to anti‐IL‐5, anti‐immunoglobulin‐E, and anti‐IL‐4/13) may provide further evidence of how eosinophils and IL‐5 contribute to CRSwNP. Finally, the association between eosinophilia/elevated IL‐5 and greater rates of NP recurrence after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) suggests that these mediators may have utility as biomarkers of NP recurrence in diagnosing and assessing the severity of CRSwNP. This review provides an overview of eosinophil and IL‐5 biology and explores the literature regarding the role of these mediators in CRSwNP pathogenesis and NP recurrence following ESS. Based on current published evidence, we suggest that although eosinophils play a key role in CRSwNP pathophysiology, IL‐5, a cytokine that activates these cells, also represents a pertinent and effective treatment target in patients with CRSwNP.
Highly Stable and Reactive Platinum Single Atoms on Oxygen Plasma‐Functionalized CeO2 Surfaces: Nanostructuring and Peroxo Effects
Authors: Wan Weiming , Geiger Julian , Berdunov Nikolay , Lopez Luna Mauricio , Chee See Wee , Daelman Nathan , López Núria , Shaikhutdinov Shamil , Roldan Cuenya Beatriz 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAtomically dispersed precious metals on oxide supports have recently become increasingly interesting catalytic materials. Nonetheless, their non‐trivial preparation and limited thermal and environmental stability constitutes an issue for their potential applications. Here we demonstrate that an oxygen plasma pre‐treatment of the ceria (CeO2) surface serves to anchor Pt single atoms, making them active and resistant towards sintering in the CO oxidation reaction. Through a combination of experimental results obtained on well‐defined CeO2 films and theory, we show that the O2 plasma causes surface nanostructuring and the formation of surface peroxo (O22−) species, favoring the uniform and dense distribution of isolated strongly bonded Pt2+ atoms. The promotional effect of the plasma treatment was further demonstrated on powder Pt/CeO2 catalysts. We believe that plasma functionalization can be applied to other metal/oxide systems to achieve tunable and stable catalysts with a high density of active sites.