bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forced-air prewarming prevents hypothermia during living donor liver transplantation: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Oh Eun Jung , Han Sangbin , Lee Sooyeon , Choi Eun Ah , Ko Justin S. , Gwak Mi Sook , Kim Gaab Soo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Despite various intraoperative thermal strategies, core heat loss is considerable during liver transplantation and hypothermia is common. We tested whether forced-air pre-warming prevents intraoperative hypothermia for liver transplant recipients. Adult patients undergoing living donor liver transplantation were randomly assigned in either non-prewarming group (n=20) or prewarming group (n=20). Patients in prewarming group underwent 30-minute forced-air warming (set at temperature 43.0˚C) prior to anesthetic induction. Core temperature was measured in the pulmonary artery. The primary outcome was intraoperative hypothermia (<36.0˚C). The secondary outcomes included plasma lactate level after graft reperfusion. Intraoperative hypothermia risk was significantly lower in prewarming group than in non-prewarming group (60.0% vs. 95.0%, P=0.020). The duration of hypothermia was significantly shorter in prewarming group (60 [0, 221]min vs. 383 [108, 426]min, P=0.001). Hypothermia risk during the post-induction phase was significantly lower in prewarming group (20.0% in prewarming group vs. 85.0%, P<0.001). The plasma lactate level decreased during 3 hours after graft reperfusion in prewarming group while continuously increased in non-prewarming group (-0.19 [0.13, -0.48]mmol/L vs. 1.17 [3.31, 0.77]mmol/L, P=0.034). The 30-minute forced-air prewarming is an effective method to prevent intraoperative hypothermia with potential clinical benefits while mainly acting by decreasing the core heat loss immediately after anesthetic induction.
The M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor regulates the surface expression of the AMPA receptor subunit GluA2 via PICK1
Authors: Zhu Zengyan , Wang Wenjuan , Gu Chao , Wang Mei , Yan Yinghui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) have been shown to play significant roles in the regulation of normal cognitive processes in the hippocampus, and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) are also involved in these processes. The alteration of AMPAR subunit composition changes the permeability of these ion channels. Our previous studies showed that M1 mAChR activation induced GluA1 insertion into the membrane and its delivery to synapses, facilitating improvements in hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. However, how M1 mAChRs affect the trafficking of GluA2 remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that activation of M1 mAChRs promoted endocytosis and decreased the postsynaptic localization of the AMPA receptor subunit GluA2 and that phosphorylation of GluA2 at Ser880 was increased by M1 mAChR activity. PICK1 was required for these processes and downstream of phosphorylation of GluA2, and the PICK1-GluA2 interaction was essential for M1 mAChR-mediated postsynaptic expression of GluA2. Taken together, our results show a functional correlation of M1 mAChRs with GluA2 and the role of PICK1 in their interplay.
Psitrum: An Open Source Simulator for Universal Quantum Computers
Authors: Alghadeer Mohammed , Aldawsari Eid , Selvarajan Raja , Alutaibi Khaled , Kais Sabre , Alharbi Fahhad H 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Quantum computing is a radical new paradigm for a technology that is capable to revolutionize information processing. Simulators of universal quantum computer are important for understanding the basic principles and operations of the current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) processors, and for building in future fault-tolerant quantum computers. In this work, we present simulation of universal quantum computers by introducing Psitrum – a universal gate-model quantum computer simulator implemented on classical hardware. The simulator allows to emulate and debug quantum algorithms in form of quantum circuits for many applications with the choice of adding variety of noise modules to simulate decoherence in quantum circuits. Psitrum allows to simulate all basic quantum operations and provides variety of visualization tools. The simulator allows to trace out all possible quantum states at each stage M of an N-qubit implemented quantum circuit. Psitrum software and source codes are freely available at: https://github.com/MoGhadeer/Psitrum.
The potential of organic fertilizer application on the production and bromatological composition of millet (Cenchrus americanu)
Authors: Raimundo Erikson Kadoshe de Morais , Zacharias Marina Barros , Borges Maria Teresa Mendes Ribeiro , Silva Janaina Della Torre da , Forti Victor Augusto 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The production of millet has been increasing in Brazil, principally as a cover crop and for animal feeding. However, there is little information about the responses of millet crops to application of fertilizer, including organic fertilizers. The aim of this study was to quantify the agronomic features and the bromatological composition of millet following application of organic and inorganic fertilizers. The experiment was carried out in completely randomized blocks with 4 fertilizer treatments: cattle manure, poultry compost, chemical fertilizer and a Control, each with 4 replications. Plant height, stem diameter, number of tillers and leaves, number, length, diameter and mass of the panicle, 1,000-grain weight, plant dry matter yield, chlorophyll index and bromatological composition of grain and whole plant were evaluated. All treatments that received fertilizer, regardless of the source, showed better performance than the Control, but only cattle manure produced significant responses in DM yield (P<0.10). Fertilizer application did not affect the bromatological composition of millet plants and grains. Further studies are warranted on these soils to determine the justification for applying any fertilizer to millet crops, whether inorganic or organic.
A Prognostic Nomogram for Stage II/III Rectal Cancer Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Surgical Resection
Authors: Lin Yanfei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to develop a nomogram incorporated on log odds of positive nodes (LODDS) for predicting the overall survival (OS) of stage II/III rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) followed by surgical resection.
Methods
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was used to collect information on patients diagnosed stage II/III rectal cancer between 2010 and 2015 and treated with NCRT followed by surgical resection. The Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the independent prognostic factors. In this study, LODDS was employed instead of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 7th N stage to determine lymph node status. Then a nomogram integrating independent prognostic factors was developed to predict the 24-, 36-, and 60-month overall survival. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves were used to validate the nomogram. Furthermore, patients were stratified into three risk groups(high-, middle-, and low-risk) based on the total points obtained from the nomogram. And Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted to compare OS of the three groups.
Results
A total of 3,829 patients were included in the study. Race, sex, age, marital status, T stage, tumor grade, tumor size, LODDS, CEA level, and postoperative chemotherapy were identified as independent prognostic factors, based on which the prognostic nomogram was developed. The ROC curves and calibration curves showed good performance of the prognostic nomogram. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the three risk groups had significant differences in overall survival.
Conclusion
The LODDS-incorporated prognostic nomogram was developed and showed satisfactorily discriminative and stable ability, and it is expected to be a useful tool in developing individualized treatment strategies and follow-up protocols.
Assessment of thermal behavior and pyrolytic kinetics of selected agro-residues through thermogravimetric analysis
Authors: Gajera Bhautik Vinubhai , Sarma Anil Kumar , Jha Mithilesh Kumar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The physicochemical characteristics and kinetics of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and black gram straw (BGS) have been studied using a thermogravimetric analyzer under nitrogen atmosphere at 20°C/min heating rates. The analysis showed that SCB has higher volatile matter (81.32 wt.%), lower ash (3.50 wt%), and moisture content (5.36 wt%) while significantly higher HHV (18.10 MJ/ kg). The TG and DTG curves displayed four significant zones mainly attributed to moisture removal, decomposition of hemicellulose and cellulose, and lignin, respectively. The Coats-Redfern model fitting method was used to determine the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the active pyrolysis zone. The activation energies of SCB and BGS were 88.74 and 96.74 kJ/mol, respectively. The following thermodynamic parameters were found: change in enthalpy is 83.65 and 92.14 kJ/mol, Gibbs free energy is 126.64 and 144.69 kJ/mol, and change in entropy is -73.29 and − 94.92 J/mol.K, for SCB and BGS, respectively. These physicochemical properties and kinetic parameters confirm that SCB and BGS are promising feedstocks for pyrolysis.
Health Preferences in Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Discrete Choice Experiment using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS2)
Authors: Durno Nicholas , Zormpas Evangelos , Schmid Ramona , Heisen Marieke , Hartl Kristina , Ethgen Olivier , Szilvasy Zsuzsanna , Friedel Evelyne , Wong Olivier , Charman Tony , Cáceres Antonia San José , Mühlbacher Axel , Hout Ben van , Brazier John , Stolk Elly 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundIn childhood autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the Childhood Autism Rating Scale–2nd edition (CARS2) instrument is used for diagnosis and assessment of severity and change. Following a feasibility study, we conducted 2 discrete choice experiments (DCEs), each of which used caregivers and clinicians as proxies for autistic children, to assess preferences for CARS2-based attributes. MethodsCaregivers and clinicians from 5 European countries received an online DCE corresponding to either the standard or the high-functioning version of the CARS2. Participants completed 14 choice tasks with 2 hypothetical profiles composed of 13 attributes set at 4 varying levels. To reduce task complexity, the 2 profiles of each choice task had at least overlap in 7 attributes, i.e., attributes were set at the same level, and presented in a stacked layout. Multinomial, mixed and scale-adjusted logit models were used to estimate preference weights. Explorative anchoring to the EQ-5D-Y was undertaken and a rescaled set of DCE coefficients is provided. ResultsModels were fit separately for caregivers and clinicians in each experiment. The final models included 563 caregivers and 666 clinicians for the standard experiment, and 346 caregivers and 310 clinicians for the high-functioning one. Caregivers and clinicians, as expected, prioritized some of the same attributes but not all. For example, in the standard experiment, Verbal communication, Non-verbal communication, and Activity-level were highly important attributes to both groups, whilst Taste, smell, and touch response and use was more important to caregivers than it was to clinicians. In the high-functioning experiment, preferences for caregivers were highest for Thinking/cognitive integration skills, Verbal communication and Fear or anxiety. For clinicians, the most important attributes were Thinking/cognitive integration skills, Fear or anxiety and Social-emotional understanding. ConclusionCaregiver and clinician preferences indicated some disparity in what constitutes the greatest unmet need for autistic children. These findings can support clinicians and caregivers in creating mutual understanding and agreement on therapeutic goals, which can be very direct and near (e.g., Taste, smell, and touch response and use) or future-oriented and developmental (e.g., Relating to people).
WDR62 deficiency results in synaptic dysfunction and ASD-like behaviors in mice, which can be ameliorated by RA repletion
Authors: Xu Dan , Zhi Yiqiang , Liu Xinyi , Guan Le , Yu Jurui , Zhang Dan , Zhang Weiya , Wang Yaqing , Tao Wucheng , Xu Zhiheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Brain size abnormality is correlated with increased frequency of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. Genetic analysis indicates that many heterozygous mutations of microcephaly-associated genes including WD repeat domain 62 (WDR62), are associated with ASD; however, biological evidence is still lacking.Methods: To investigate the association between WDR62 and ASD, we generated both Wdr62 conventional knockout (Wdr62 KO) and Nex-Cre conditional knockout (Wdr62 Nex-cKO) mice. We investigated and compared the behavioral alterations between these mice and their littermate controls. Morphological and electrophysiological analyses were adopted to explore the mechanism underlying the abnormal behaviors. Furthermore, all-trans retinoic acid (RA), a derivative of vitamin A, was tried to treat aberrant behaviors.Results: Our study showed that Wdr62 KO led to reduced brain size with impaired learning and memory, as well as ASD-like behaviors in mice. Interestingly, aberrant social interactions and repetitive behaviors were also observed in Wdr62 Nex-cKO mice, but no deficits in brain size, and learning and memory. Mechanically, we found that WDR62 regulated dendritic spinogenesis and excitatory synaptic transmission in cortical pyramidal neurons. Finally, we revealed that RA gavages could significantly alleviate ASD-like behaviors in WDR62 haploinsufficiency mice probably by complementing the expression of ASD and synapse-related genes. Limitations: RA oral gavage significantly alleviated ASD-like behavior in WDR62 haploinsufficiency mice, while whether RA supplement could ameliorate ASD-like behavior in WDR62 KO mice is unknown. In addition, it is not known that whether the content of RA in Wdr62 deficiency mice is changed. Conclusions: Our findings provide not only new insight into the roles of WDR62 in brain development, but also a new perspective for the relationship between microcephaly gene WDR62 and ASD etiology which will benefit clinical diagnosis and intervention of ASD.
A Review of Machine Learning Approaches to Predicting Molecular Odor in the Context of Multi-Label Classification
Authors: Saini Kushagra , Ramanathan V. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Decoding the factors behind odor perception has long been a challenge in the field of human neuroscience, olfactory research, perfumery, psychology, biology and chemistry. The new wave of data-driven and machine learning approaches to predicting molecular properties are a growing area of research interest and provide for significant improvement over conventional statistical methods. We look at these approaches in the context of predicting molecular odor, specifically focusing on multi-label classification strategies employed for the same. Namely Binary Relevance, Classifier Chains, and Random Forests adapted to deal with such a task. This challenge, termed QSOR (Quantitative Structure-Odor Relationship), remains an unsolved task in the field of sensory perception in machine learning, and we hope to emulate the results achieved in the field of vision and auditory perception in olfaction over time.
Poorer Sleep Quality Impairs Brain Health at Midlife
Authors: Namsrai Tergel , Ambikairajah Ananthan , Cherbuin Nicolas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction Sleep is an emerging risk factor for dementia but its association with brain health remains unclear. MethodsA total of 29,545 UK Biobank participants with sleep measures and brain scans, and a subset (n=14,206) with cognitive measures were included. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to study the associations between sleep and brain health. Results Every additional hour in sleep above 7 hours/day was associated with 0.1 – 0.25% lower brain volumes. In contrast, a negative non-linear association was observed between sleep duration, grey matter, and hippocampal volume. Both longer (>9 hours/day) and shorter sleep (<6 hours/day) were associated with lower brain volumes and cognitive measures (memory, reaction time, fluid intelligence). Conclusions Poor sleep quality (<6 hours/day, >9 hours/day, daytime dozing) at midlife was associated with lower brain health. Sleep quality may be an important target to improve brain health into old age and delay the onset of dementia.
Graphitic carbon nitride and APTES modified advanced electrochemical biosensor for detection of 17β-estradiol in food samples
Authors: Bacchu M. S. , Ali M. R. , Hasan M. N. , Mamun M. R. A. , Hossain M. I. , Khan M. Z. H. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This work demonstrates a simple and inexpensive electrochemical biosensing pathway for selective and sensitive recognition of 17β-estradiol (E2) in environmental and food samples. The biosensing system is based on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and a conductive polymer 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The proposed biosensor shows the ability to detect E2 in attomolar levels within a wide linear logarithm concentration range of 1×10− 6 to 1×10− 18 molL− 1 with a limit of detection (LOD) of 9.9×10− 19 molL− 1. The selectivity of the developed biosensor was confirmed by conducting the DPV of similarly structured hormones and naturally occurring substances. The proposed biosensor is highly stable and applicable to detect E2 in the presence of Spiked food and environmental samples with satisfactory recoveries ranging from 96.8 to 104.8%. So, the designed electrochemical biosensor might be an effective alternative tool for the detection of E2 and other endogenous substances to attain food safety.
Microscopic image recognition method of stomata in living leaves based on improved YOLO-X
Authors: Dai Tianhong , Cong Shijie , Zhang Jingzong , Li Kexin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Stomata are the main medium of water exchange in plants, regulating gas exchange and responsible for the processes of photosynthesis and transpiration. Stomata are surrounded by guard cells and the transpiration rate is controlled by opening and closing stomata. Stomatal state (open and close) plays an important role in describing the health of plants. In addition, counting the number of stomata is of great significance for scientists to study the number of opening and closeing stomata and to measure their density and distribution on the leaf surface through different sampling techniques. Although some techniques for calculating the number of stomata have been proposed, these methods are used to produce samples in isolation and then to identify and classify the states in the sample leaves. We improved YOLO-X and then implemented a transfer learning method to count the number of stomata and identify the stomatal opening and closing status of live black poplar leaves. In the end, the average accuracy and recall of the method were 98.3% and 95.9%, which helped researchers to obtain accurate information on leaf stomatal opening and closing status in an efficient and simple way.
The Mediating Role of Emotional Distress in The Relationship Between Differentiation of Self and The Risk of Eating Disorders Among Young Adults
Authors: Peleg Ora , Boniel-Nissim Meyran , Tzischinsky Orna 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of eating disorders (EDs) is on the rise among male and female young adults. Given that most studies have focused on adolescents, and that there is a lack of research regarding EDs among young adults, the current study aimed to examine this age group. In addition, based on findings indicating that emotional distress may increase the risk of EDs, and that it is associated with differentiation of self (DoS), the main goal of the current study was to investigate whether emotional distress mediates the relationship between DoS (emotional reactivity, I-position, emotional cut-off, fusion with others) and the risk of EDs. Methods: A sample of 421 non-clinical participants was recruited to fill-out questionnaires. Preliminary analyses examined differences between males and females using t-tests. In addition, Pearson correlations were run to examine the association between background variables and the study metrics among both males and females. Due to a gender moderation effect, two mediation models were examined, one for women and one for men, using path analysis. Results: Young adult women reported higher levels of risk for developing EDs than young adult men. Among women, emotional distress mediated the relationship between three metrics of DoS (emotional reactivity, I-position, fusion with others) and three metrics of EDs (drive for thinness, bulimic tendencies, and body dissatisfaction). Among men, similar associations were found, except for fusion with others which was not found to be associated with emotional distress. Conclusions: It is concluded that DoS may increase the risk of EDs through the mediation of emotional distress. It appears that people with a high risk of EDs have difficulties maintaining intimate relationships. When they feel overwhelmed, they rarely share their feelings and stick to their thoughts. The results are consistent with Kerr and Bowen’s Family Systems Theory that suggests that DoS dimensions rooted in early family experiences impact one's mental and physical health.Trial registration: Retrospectively registered.
Prognosis of Incompletely Resected Small Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumor using Endoscope without Additional Treatment
Authors: Cha Boram , Shin Jongbeam , Ko Weon Jin , Kwon Kye Sook , Kim Hyungkil 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
In recent years, the incidence of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) has markedly increased due to the widespread use of screening colonoscopy. However, many patients are referred from local clinics after undergoing conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for polyps without perceived NET, with a pathological report of incomplete resection. We evaluated the prognosis of incompletely resected small rectal NET without additional endoscopic resection for small rectal NET less than 10 mm in diameter present within the submucosal layer showing good prognosis, due to its rare metastatic potential.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed patients from 2008 to 2018 at a single center who had had small rectal NET (located in the rectum from the anal verge to 20 cm in proximity) and had undergone ‘incomplete resection’ using endoscopy with a positive deep margin or with a very small safe deep margin (< 100 um). A small rectal NET was defined as a tumor ≤ 10 mm in diameter, without lymph node nor distant metastasis, and with low grade (G1) according to the WHO grading system.
Results
Of 267 patients who were diagnosed with small rectal NET, 77 were diagnosed with incomplete resection or possible remnant NET. Of those, 55 patients (55/77, 71.4%) were referred from local clinics post EMR diagnosed as polyps. The rate of histologically incomplete resection was highest in endoscopic submucosal dissection (11/21, 52.4%) and lowest in surgical resection (0/9, 0%), while endoscopic submucosal resection with band ligation showed an incomplete resection rate of 4.4% (5/113). After exclusion of 36 patients, namely 21 patients had undergone additional surgical (n = 6) or endoscopic (n = 15) resection and 25 patients who were lost during the follow-up period of 2 years, 31 patients had undergone surveillance with endoscopic evaluation or either a biopsy or radiological evaluation for distant metastasis during a median follow-up duration of 2 years. None of the incompletely resected small rectal NET patients showed local or distant metastasis.
Conclusion
Incomplete resection of small rectal NET with G1 grade has a good prognosis without additional treatment.