bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of nose picking in primates with new evidence of its occurrence in Daubentonia madagascariensis
Authors: Fabre A.‐C. , Portela Miguez R. , Wall C. E. , Peckre L. R. , Ehmke E. , Boistel R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNose picking (rhinotillexis) is a common behaviour in humans which remains, however, poorly studied. Several species of primates are known to pick their nose and ingest the nasal mucus suggesting that this behaviour may actually be beneficial and showing it is not restricted to humans. Here, we review relevant literature and online sources, and document the species of primates observed to pick their nose. We also present the first occurrence of this behaviour in a species of strepsirrhine primate (lemurs and relatives) with a unique video showing an aye‐aye picking its nose. While doing so this animal inserts the entire length of its extra‐long, skinny and highly mobile middle finger into the nasal passages and then licks the nasal mucus collected. We further investigate the internal anatomy of the nasal cavity of the aye‐aye in order to understand how it can introduce its entire finger in its nasal cavity and discover that the finger likely descends into the pharynx. We show that this behaviour is present in at least 12 species of primates, most of them also showing great manipulative/tool use skills and may have some associated benefits that need to be further investigated. Further comparative studies examining nose picking and mucophagy in other primate species and vertebrates in general may shed additional light on its evolution and possible functional role.
High prevalence of lower limb atherosclerosis is linked with the gut–liver axis in patients with primary biliary cholangitis
Authors: Ponziani Francesca Romana , Nesci Antonio , Caputo Camilla , Salvatore Lucia , Picca Anna , Del Chierico Federica , Paroni Sterbini Francesco , Marzetti Emanuele , Di Giorgio Angela , Santoro Luca , Putignani Lorenza , Gasbarrini Antonio , Santoliquido Angelo , Pompili Maurizio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsHypercholesterolemia is frequent in people with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC); however, it does not seem to confer an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in PBC women and its association with the gut–liver axis and systemic inflammation.MethodsThirty patients affected by PBC and hypercholesterolemia were enrolled, with equal‐sized groups of women with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and healthy controls (CTRL). All patients underwent Doppler ultrasound examination of peripheral arteries, assessment of flow‐mediated dilation, quantification of circulating cytokines and vasoactive mediators and characterization of the gut microbiota.ResultsPBC patients had a higher prevalence of lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) defined as atherosclerotic plaques in any of femoral, popliteal and/or tibial arteries compared with both NAFLD and CTRL women (83.3% vs. 53.3% and 50%, respectively; p = .01). Factors associated with LEAD at univariate analysis were VCAM‐1 (p = .002), ICAM‐1 (p = .003), and TNF‐alpha (p = .04) serum levels, but only VCAM‐1 (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.0–1.1; p = .04) and TNF‐alpha (OR 1.12, 95% CI 0.99–1.26; p = .04) were confirmed as independent predictors in the multivariate model. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that Acidaminococcus (FDR = 0.0008), Bifidobacterium (FDR = 0.001) and Oscillospira (FDR = 0.03) were differentially expressed among groups. Acidaminococcus, which was increased in PBC, was positively correlated with TNF‐alpha serum levels. Down‐regulation of metabolic pathways linked to fatty acid and butyrate metabolism, glyoxylate metabolism and branched‐chain amino acids degradation was found in the functional gut metagenome of PBC women.ConclusionsLEAD is common in patients affected by PBC and is associated with inflammatory markers and alterations in the gut–liver axis.
The association between parents' stress and parental feeding practices and feeding styles: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Almaatani Dina , Zurbau Andreea , Khoshnevisan Farnaz , Bandsma Robert H. J. , Khan Tauseef A. , Sievenpiper John L. , Van Den Heuvel Meta 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the extended UNICEF framework of early childhood nutrition, parents' stress is associated with parental feeding style. However, no comprehensive review has examined the association between parents' stress and feeding styles and practices. The objective of our review was to synthesise the current literature examining the association between parents' stress and their feeding practices and/or styles, among parents of children ≤ 5 years old. We searched; MEDLINE, EMBASE, PSYCHINFO and CINAHL from 2019 to 2021. Two investigators independently extracted relevant data and assessed the study quality and the certainty of evidence. Data were pooled using generic inverse variance with fixed effects (<5 comparisons) or random effects (≥5 comparisons) and expressed as correlation coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Between study heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q and quantified with I2. We identified 6 longitudinal and 11 cross‐sectional studies, of which 4 studies provided sufficient data to be pooled. A very small correlation between general stress and restrictive feeding practices was observed (r = 0.06 [95% CI: 0.01−0.12]; no substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 0.00%, PQ < 0.85, very low certainty). No correlation between general stress and feeding pressure was identified (r = 0.06 [95% CI: −0.02 to 0.15]). Results showed that both general and parenting stress were associated with suboptimal breastfeeding practices and unresponsive feeding styles. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a low‐to‐moderate quality of literature for the inclusion of parents' stress in the extended UNICEF care model of child nutrition. Future research needs to explore this relationship longitudinally and in ethnic diverse populations to inform tailored interventions that promote responsive feeding practices.
The Sense of the Fragmentary in Kurtág's Several Movements from Georg Christoph Lichtenberg's Scrapbooks, Op. 37a
Authors: Wu Yi‐Cheng Daniel 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTOne of the most distinctive developments in György Kurtág's output from the beginning of the 1980s is his setting of incomplete texts. He entitles these songs ‘fragments’, suggesting that they are musical scraps that accompany the extracts from great writers’ works. Kurtág's most representative contribution to this genre is his chamber song cycleKafka‐Fragments, Op. 24, for soprano and violin (1986). Slightly over a decade later, Kurtág selected 22 aphorisms by Georg Christoph Lichtenberg and set them in a new vocal chamber cycle for soprano and double bass asSeveral Movements from Georg Christoph Lichtenberg's Scrapbooks(Op. 37a, 1999). To date, most scholars interested in the fragmentary qualities of Kurtág's songs have focused on Op. 24, leaving Op. 37a relatively unexplored. This article corrects this imbalance by providing analyses of three movements from Op. 37a. I approach these songs from the angles of text setting, pitch structure and melodic contour to show how Kurtág utilises these elements to achieve the defining features of ambiguity and incompletion central to the musical fragment.
Moving beyond Table 1: A critical review of the literature addressing social determinants of health in chronic condition symptom cluster research
Authors: Grayson Susan C. , Patzak Sofie A. , Dziewulski Gabriela , Shen Lingxue , Dreisbach Caitlin , Lor Maichou , Conway Alex , Koleck Theresa A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVariability in the symptom experience in patients diagnosed with chronic conditions may be related to social determinants of health (SDoH). The purpose of this critical review was to (1) summarize the existing literature on SDoH and symptom clusters (i.e., multiple, co‐occurring symptoms) in patients diagnosed with common chronic conditions, (2) evaluate current variables and measures used to represent SDoH, (3) identify gaps in the evidence base, and (4) provide recommendations for the incorporation of SDoH into future symptom cluster research. We identified 118 articles including information on SDoH in chronic condition symptom cluster research. Articles primarily focused on cancer populations. Few articles had the explicit purpose of investigating relationships between SDoH and symptom clusters, and the inclusion of SDoH was often limited to variables used to describe samples. Future studies should be designed to “move beyond Table 1” in their utilization of SDoH as variables and examine relationships between SDoH and symptom clusters. Attention should be paid to the appropriateness of measures being used to collect information on SDoH, and analysis methods that estimate causal connections between variables should be considered. Research regarding the relationship of SDoH with symptom clusters in patients with chronic conditions has the potential to reveal mechanisms of symptom disparities and guide changes to alleviate these disparities.
Hermeneutic Constructivism: One ontology for authentic understanding
Authors: Peck Blake , Mummery Jane 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNursing and nurses rely upon qualitative research to understand the intricacies of the human condition. Acknowledging the subjective nature of reality and commonly founded in a constructivist epistemology, qualitative approaches offer opportunities for uncovering insights from the perspective of the individual participants, the insider's view, and the construction of representations that maintain an intimacy with the subject's realities. Debate continues, however, about what is needed for a qualitative construction to be considered an authentic understanding of a subject's realities. Authenticity in the context of qualitative research has been described as entailing consideration of a number of well‐trodden dimensions: fairness, ontological, educative, catalytic and tactical. Taking these dimensional requirements as key, this paper argues that authenticity may not always be as well‐developed through some of the standard practices in qualitative research as perhaps expected. In particular, qualitative understandings of authenticity stress that participants should not be merely reported on but instead should be dynamically involved in and changed by the constructions and interpretations of data developed throughout the research process. As this paper illustrates, such engagements appear problematic for qualitative research approaches that are beholden to designative commitments in the context of language and meaning‐making and which tend to prioritise commonality and generality at the expense of individual authenticity. An alternative qualitative approach, Hermeneutic Constructivism, is proposed as better able to achieve the requirements of the dimensions of authenticity. As outlined, this approach is well‐placed to present an understanding of human experience through a genuinely expressivist approach and transcends the stress upon the common or the general that can be pervasive and problematic.
Entangled: A mixed method analysis of nurses with mental health problems who die by suicide
Authors: Barnes Arianna , Ye Gordon Y. , Ayers Cadie , Choflet Amanda , Lee Kelly C. , Zisook Sidney , Davidson Judy E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNurses die by suicide at a higher rate than the general population. Previous studies have observed mental health problems, including substance use, as a prominent antecedent before death. The purpose of this study was to explore the characteristics of nurses who died by suicide documented in the death investigation narratives from the National Violent Death Reporting System from 2003 to 2017 using thematic analysis and natural language processing. One thousand three hundred and fifty‐eight subjects met these inclusion criteria. Narratives from 601 subjects were thematically analyzed and 2544 individual narratives were analyzed using natural language processing. The analyses revealed five themes: “mental health treatment,” “poor general health and chronic pain,” “substance use,” “worsening mental health after bereavement,” and “repeating a family member's suicide.” Mental health/substance use, chronic illness, and chronic pain were seen to coexist in a complex, interdependent manner that appeared to be entangled in the nurses' narratives before death. These findings echo the need for reducing the stigmatization of mental health problems in nursing and removing barriers to help‐seeking behaviors as early preventative interventions. Future research is needed to determine if a comprehensive healthcare integration approach to address these entangled problems would reduce suicide vulnerability in nurses and improve their quality of life.
Pollinator foraging tactics have divergent consequences for the mating system of a tropical plant
Authors: Torres‐Vanegas Felipe , Hadley Adam S. , Kormann Urs G. , Jones Frank Andrew , Betts Matthew G. , Wagner Helene H. 
Published: October 2022

Summary

Resolving the consequences of pollinator foraging behaviour for plant mating systems is a fundamental challenge in evolutionary ecology. Pollinators may adopt particular foraging tactics: complete trapline foraging (repeated movements along a fixed route), sample‐and‐shift trapline foraging (a variable route that incorporates information from previous experiences) and territorial foraging (stochastic movements within a restricted area). Studies that integrate these pollinator foraging tactics with plant mating systems are generally lacking.

We investigate the consequences of particular pollinator foraging tactics for Heliconia tortuosa. We combine parentage and sibship inference analysis with simulation modelling to: estimate mating system parameters; infer the foraging tactic adopted by the pollinators; and quantify the impact of pollinator foraging tactics on mating system parameters.

We found high outcrossing rates, ubiquitous multiple paternity and a pronounced departure from near‐neighbour mating. We also found that plants repeatedly receive pollen from a series of particular donors. We infer that the pollinators primarily adopt complete trapline foraging and occasionally engage in sample‐and‐shift trapline foraging. This enhances multiple paternity without a substantial increase in near‐neighbour mating.

The particular pollinator foraging tactics have divergent consequences for multiple paternity and near‐neighbour mating. Thus, pollinator foraging behaviour is an important driver of the ecology and evolution of plant mating systems.
Pathophysiology of cellulite: Possible involvement of selective endotoxemia
Authors: Kruglikov Ilja L. , Scherer Philipp E. 
Published: October 2022

SummaryThe most relevant hallmarks of cellulite include a massive protrusion of superficial adipose tissue into the dermis, reduced expression of the extracellular glycoprotein fibulin‐3, and an unusually high presence of MUSE cells in gluteofemoral white adipose tissue (gfWAT) that displays cellulite. Also typical for this condition is the hypertrophic nature of the underlying adipose tissue, the interaction of adipocytes with sweat glands, and dysfunctional lymph and blood circulation as well as a low‐grade inflammation in the areas of gfWAT affected by cellulite. Here, we propose a new pathophysiology of cellulite, which connects this skin condition with selective accumulation of endogenous lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in gfWAT. The accumulation of LPS within a specific WAT depot has so far not been considered as a possible pathophysiological mechanism triggering localized WAT modifications, but may very well be involved in conditions such as cellulite and, secondary to that, lipedema.
Overcoming barriers and improving public health nursing practice
Authors: Nganga‐Good Carolyn , Chayhitz Mattison , McLaine Pat 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPublic health nurses (PHN) are critical to ensuring the health of communities. Absent the most basic information on the PHN workforce in our state, we conducted interviews with 21 PHN and school health nurse (SHN) leaders and an online survey of PHNs and SHNs practicing in Maryland (N = 491). Our study identified an older, very experienced, and well‐educated workforce. Both the interviews and survey identified similar barriers: low salaries, recruitment and hiring challenges, limited funding for public health programs, and no opportunities for education or career advancement. Survey participants also identified barriers of inadequate leadership, recognition, and communication including PHNs not being represented at decision‐making tables or at the state leadership level. Strategies to promote public health nursing from leaders and survey participants were similar: increasing awareness about what public health and PHNs do and their value; improving advocacy and stakeholder engagement; improving access and availability of services; improving PHN leadership representation at the state level; a improving PHN salaries and benefits including tuition reimbursement. Although results were similar to national studies, comprehensive, granular workforce data is critical to ensure the public health workforce can meet current and emerging public health needs and that public health infrastructure and services are appropriately funded.
Rapid creation of CENH3‐mediated haploid induction lines using a cytosine base editor (CBE)
Authors: Wang S. , Ouyang K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Haploid induction (HI) can create true‐breeding lines in a single generation, which can significantly accelerates the breeding process. In recent years, scientists have developed a variety of new techniques to induce haploids through manipulation of CENH3, a variant of the centromere‐specific histone H3. One alternative approach is based on CENH3 point mutations derived from EMS/TILLING, which is not lethal and yet is responsible for inducing haploids. However, most residues have been obtained by EMS mutagenesis over a long period of time.

Recently, a new approach called ‘base editing’ was developed for plants. Here, we report a new method that uses a cytosine base editor (CBE) to create a point mutation of CENH3 as a haploid induction line, which substitutes adenine (A) for guanine (G).

As proof of the extreme simplicity of this approach to create haploid‐induced lines, we identified an L130F substitution within the histone fold domain in Arabidopsis thaliana. Subsequently, we tested the haploid‐inducing potential of homozygous L130F plants by pollinating them with Col‐0, and obtained 2.9% paternal haploid plants.

In brief, our innovative technology provides a new perspective for the promotion of CENH3‐mediated haploid induction in crops, and also provides a variety of options for breeders. Such conserved point mutations as L130F could be developed into a general instrument for haploid induction in a wide range of plant species. Extending these systems would represent a major advance over haploid production.
Institutional shifts and punctuated patterns in digital policy
Authors: Torfs Inke , Wayenberg Ellen , Danneels Lieselot 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhile digital policies provide significant value within contemporary governance, not many governments' digital policies are adapted to rapidly changing technologies and associated expectations. The limited adaptability can be explained by governments' focus on institutional shifts as an instrument to generate policy changes. Therefore, this article examines the impact of institutional shifts on digital policy by leveraging the Punctuated Equilibrium Theory (PET) as a lens to explore the Belgian federal government between 2000 and 2020. This is done through performing a distributional application of the PET and an explaining‐outcome congruence case study. The results highlight the role of institutional shifts in directing digital policy, but also underscore the importance of other factors (i.e., policy image, attention allocation and/or structure of the political system) and the presence of policy entrepreneurs to explain the (in)stability of digital policy.
Stanniocalcin‐1 attenuates collagen‐induced arthritis through inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation and Th17 response
Authors: Lu Yang , Liu Xinyong , Lin Suxian , Chen Ping , Chen Longwang , Zhao Guangju 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease, associated with chronic inflammation and the imbalance of Th17/Treg. Stanniocalcin‐1 (STC‐1), a glycoprotein, was found to have anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidative stress and anti‐apoptosis properties. The present study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of STC‐1 and its potential value in the treatment of RA. Here, a mouse model of collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) was established. Then body weight, joint erythema and swelling were measured in CIA mice with or without STC‐1 treatment. Haematoxylin and eosin (H and E) staining was performed to determine histopathological change. Moreover, the percentage of Th17 and Treg cells in the spleen and inguinal lymph nodes (ILNs) and the culture supernatant in polarizing conditions were examined by flow cytometry. Cytokines in serum were detected by ELISA. As a result, the arthritis score, histologic inflammation and cartilage destruction were decreased in CIA mice treated with STC‐1. STC‐1 increased the level of transforming growth factor‐β and inhibited the expression of interleukin‐17. In CIA mice, the percentage of CD4+IL‐17A+ cells in the spleen and ILNs were decreased after STC‐1 treatment, while the level of CD4+Foxp3+ cells did not change significantly. In vitro, STC‐1 inhibited Th17 cell differentiation and STAT3 phosphorylation in CD4+ T cells under Th17 cell‐polarizing conditions. Collectively, the results demonstrated that STC‐1 alleviated RA by inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation through regulating STAT3 phosphorylation. STC‐1 may be a potential drug for the treatment of RA.
Mental health, societal expectations and changes to the governance of farming: Reshaping what it means to be a ‘man’ and ‘good farmer’ in rural Ireland
Authors: Hammersley Conor , Meredith David , Richardson Noel , Carroll Paula , McNamara John 
Published: October 2022

AbstractContemporary EU agricultural policies place a significant emphasis on current and future societal issues, e.g. climate, biodiversity, animal welfare, and air and water quality amongst others. The governance of farming practices has changed in order to deliver on these expectations resulting in increasingly specific regulations to ensure their delivery. For male farmers these developments have the potential to undermine their autonomy as a ‘good farmer’, their gendered sense of mastery and ultimately their conception of what it is to be a ‘man’ in rural Ireland. This qualitative study explores how changes in agricultural policy are being received by farming communities, how they impact on gendered roles, and what the collateral impacts are on wellbeing and mental health. Eleven focus groups were conducted with male farmers (n = 3) and key informants (n = 8). Utilizing Thematic Content Analysis, all transcripts were coded iteratively using open and comparative coding techniques. Themes were grouped into primary and sub‐themes. Theme memos and conceptual maps were used to track evolving relationships between themes. Our analysis identified two interrelated themes. (i) ‘Resistance or submission’: negotiating farming masculinities in response to changing agri‐governance and (ii) ‘Advancement or abandonment’: reconfiguring ‘the good farmer’ in the wake of contemporary challenges in the dairy sector. We explore these issues by drawing out how contemporary regulation of farming practices gives rise to tensions associated with a perceived loss of autonomy and mastery, as well as ripple effects for farmer wellbeing. Findings highlight the tensions that permeate the construction of farming identities and masculinities in the wake of changes to agricultural policy and governance, and unpack the ripple effects for farmers’ mental health.