bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le retour en classe et le port du masque pendant la pandémie de COVID-19 : le point de vue des élèves d’après une étude de simulation scolaire
Authors: Coelho Sophie G , Segovia Alicia , Anthony Samantha J , Lin Jia , Pol Sarah , Crosbie Jennifer , Science Michelle , Matava Clyde T , Parekh Rulan S , Caldeira-Kulbakas Monica , Carroll Stacie , Greenwood Jodi L , Panzera Giovanna , Imgrund Ryan , Osokin Konstantin , Korczak Daphne J 
Published: September 2022

Résumé

Objectifs
La présente étude s’est penchée sur le point de vue des enfants relativement au retour en classe après le confinement imposé par la pandémie, sur le port du masque en classe et sur la santé mentale des enfants et des parents pendant la pandémie.

Méthodologie
La présente étude transversale a fait partie d’un exercice de simulation scolaire de deux jours au cours duquel les élèves ont été répartis au hasard entre diverses recommandations sur le port du masque. Au moyen d’analyses régression multiple, les chercheurs ont analysé le compte rendu des parents sur la santé mentale et, après la simulation, celui des élèves sur l’anxiété liée à la COVID-19 et le port du masque. Les élèves plus âgés ont participé à des groupes de travail semi-structurés pour compléter les données du questionnaire.

Résultats
Sur les 190 élèves de la présente étude, 31 % ne dépassaient pas la quatrième année et 95 % avaient hâte de rentrer en classe. La plus grande anxiété des parents ou des proches (β= 0,67; p&lt;0,001) et leur niveau de scolarité plus bas (β=1,86; p&lt;0,002) étaient prédicteurs d’une plus grande anxiété des enfants à l’égard de la COVID-19. Les élèves plus âgés étaient plus susceptibles de trouver le port du masque nuisible aux interactions avec leurs camarades que les plus jeunes (χ2[1]=31,16; p&lt;0,001) et pour leur capacité à comprendre l’enseignant (χ2[1]=13,97; p&lt;0,001). Les élèves du groupe sans masque étaient plus susceptibles de craindre de contracter la COVID-19 à l’école (χ2[1]=10,07; p&lt;0,05) que ceux du groupe qui le portaient, et d’anticiper éprouver de la difficulté à le porter (χ2[1]=18,95; p&lt;0,001).

Conclusions
Chez les enfants anxieux à cause de la COVID-19, l’anxiété des parents et l’information sur la COVID-19 pourraient être des cibles d’intervention. De futures recherches devraient porter sur les effets de la mise en œuvre prolongée de mesures sanitaires d’atténuation des risques sur la réussite scolaire et la santé mentale des enfants.
Les effets de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur la santé mentale et physique des enfants inscrits à une clinique pédiatrique de gestion du poids
Authors: Agatha Nsamenang Sheri , Anne Gutierrez Carline , Manayathu Jones Jane , Jenkins Glenn , Anne Tibelius Stephanie , Maria DiGravio Anna , Chamas Basma , Efua Ewusie Joycelyne , Geddie Hannah , Punthakee Zubin , Constantine Samaan M , Wahi Gita , Morrison Katherine M 
Published: September 2022

RésuméHistoriqueL’obésité est un problème sanitaire mondial. Étant donné la perturbation généralisée causée par la pandémie de COVID-19, il est important d’en évaluer l’effet chez les enfants ayant des troubles de santé chroniques. La présente étude évalue la santé des patients pédiatriques obèses inscrits à un programme de gestion du poids d’un hôpital de soins tertiaires avant la pandémie de COVID-19, puis un an après le début de la pandémie.MéthodologieLes chercheurs ont mené une analyse rétrospective des dossiers de patients de deux à 17 ans inscrits à une clinique pédiatrique de gestion du poids. Ils ont comparé les effets en matière de santé mentale (nouvelles orientations en psychologie, en travail social, dans un programme de troubles alimentaires, incidence de dysrégulation de l’alimentation, idéation suicidaire ou automutilation) et de santé physique (mesures anthropométriques) avant la pandémie, puis un an après le début de la pandémie.RésultatsChez les 334 enfants vus pendant l’une ou l’autre période, le nombre d’orientations en psychologie (12,4 % par rapport à 26, 5 %; p=0,002) et le résultat composite sur la santé mentale (17,2 % par rapport à 30,2 %; p=0,005) se sont creusés pendant la pandémie comparativement à auparavant. Dans un sous-groupe d’enfants (n=30) dont ils connaissaient les mesures anthropométriques au cours des deux périodes, le taux de diminution du score z de l’indice de masse corporelle était plus faible (−1,5 [2,00] par rapport à −0,3 [0,73]/année; p=0,002) et l’adiposité, plus élevée (−0,8 [4,64] par rapport à 2,7 [5,54] %/année; p=0,043) pendant la pandémie.ExposéLa pandémie a influé sur la santé mentale et physique des enfants obèses inscrits à une clinique de gestion du poids. L’étude démontre un effet négatif sur la santé mentale et une amélioration moins marquée des mesures anthropométriques, mais les futures recherches, lorsque les patients auront repris les soins en clinique, permettront d’examiner nos résultats à la lumière de nouvelles mesures objectives.
St. John’s Wort Exacerbates Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury by Activation of PXR and CYP-Mediated Bioactivation
Authors: Jiang Yiming , Zhou Yanying , Song Shaofei , Fan Shicheng , Gao Yue , Li Yuan , Huang Min , Bi Huichang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
St. John’s wort (SJW) is a medicinal herb remedy for mild depression. However, long-term use of SJW has raised safety concerns in clinical practice because of drug-drug interactions. Excessive use of acetaminophen (APAP) causes severe hepatotoxicity, but whether SJW modulates APAP-induced liver injury remains unclear. In this study, the effect of long-term SJW administration on APAP-induced acute hepatotoxicity and the involved mechanisms were investigated. Morphological and biochemical assessments clearly demonstrated that SJW exacerbates APAP-induced toxicity. Moreover, SJW markedly promoted glutathione depletion and increased the levels of the APAP-cysteine and APAP-N-acetylcysteinyl adducts in mice, which enhanced APAP metabolic activation and aggravated APAP-induced liver injury. To further elucidate APAP metabolic activation in liver injury induced by SJW, the activities and expression levels of CYP2E1 and CYP3A were measured. The results showed that the activities and expression levels of CYP2E1 and CYP3A were increased after SJW treatment. Furthermore, the PXR-CYP signaling pathway was activated by SJW, and its downstream target genes were upregulated. Collectively, this study demonstrated that the long-term administration of SJW extract led to the metabolic activation of APAP and significantly exacerbated APAP-induced liver injury, which may suggest caution for the clinical use of SJW and APAP.
A comparative atlas of selected skeletal elements of European urodeles (Amphibia: Urodela) for palaeontological investigations
Authors: Macaluso Loredana , Wencker Lukardis C M , Castrovilli Maria , Carnevale Giorgio , Delfino Massimo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe osteology of European urodeles was studied extensively in the past, but comparative analyses of isolated bones are rare, despite being the most useful tool for the identification of fossil remains. The present work is focused on the most robust skeletal elements (therefore, common in the fossil record: otic–occipitum complexes and vertebrae) and provides taxonomically significant diagnostic characters at the genus level for European genera of urodeles, including some taxa whose osteology was poorly known (e.g. Euproctus and Calotriton). Characters subject to wide variability are identified, and their use is discouraged for diagnoses of extinct species. A selection of diagnostic characters is used herein to build an identification key for each studied skeletal element and for a phylogenetic analysis to understand whether these osteological elements can convey a genuine signal. The analysis under Bayesian inference resulted in a well-supported Salamandridae clade and Pleurodelinae tribe. Salamandrina was recovered as part of the Pleurodelinae, in agreement with previous morphological phylogenetic analyses, but in contrast to the conclusion of molecular studies.
Women With a History of Primary Infertility and Increased Rates of Bilateral Oophorectomy
Authors: Ainsworth Alessandra J. , Sadecki Emily , Zhao Yulian , Weaver Amy L. , Stewart Elizabeth A. 
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the association of primary infertility with subsequent bilateral oophorectomy and hysterectomy, using a population-based cohort of women with primary infertility and age-matched women in a referent group.

METHODS:
The Rochester Epidemiology Project record-linkage system was used to assemble a population-based cohort of women with primary infertility diagnosed between 1980 and 1999 (index date). Women were age-matched (±1 year) 1:1 to women without a history of infertility or hysterectomy at the index date (referent group). Cox proportional hazards models were fit to compare long-term risks of bilateral oophorectomy and hysterectomy, respectively, between women with infertility and women in the referent group.

RESULTS:
Among both groups of 1,001 women, the mean age at the index date was 29.2±4.4 years. Median duration of follow-up was 23.7 years for both groups. Women with primary infertility were 1.7 times (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.69, 95% CI 1.22–2.33) more likely to undergo bilateral oophorectomy compared with women in the referent group. In a sensitivity analysis that excluded women with a diagnosis of infertility related to endometriosis and their matched referent group participants, this association persisted (aHR 1.50, 95% CI 1.06–2.14). Women with primary infertility did not have a significant increased risk of hysterectomy (aHR 0.98, 95% CI 0.79–1.23). However, risk of hysterectomy was increased in those with primary infertility related to endometriosis (aHR 1.94, 95% CI 1.12–3.34). We observed that women with primary infertility were more likely to undergo hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy. Women in the referent group were more likely to undergo hysterectomy with ovarian conservation. Few women in either group had isolated bilateral oophorectomy.

CONCLUSION:
Primary infertility, with and without a diagnosis of endometriosis, is associated with an increased risk of bilateral oophorectomy. In women with endometriosis-related infertility, there is an association with future hysterectomy. These findings represent important confounders in the evaluation of long-term health outcomes related to primary infertility.
Enrollment of Individuals From Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups in Gynecologic Cancer Precision Oncology Trials
Authors: Mattei Larissa H. , Robb Lauren , Banning Kaitlyn , Polan Rosa M. , Cote Michele L. 
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To characterize whether enrollment patterns in precision oncology clinical trials for gynecologic cancers reflect the racial and ethnic diversity of patients with gynecologic cancers in the United States.

METHODS:
ClinicalTrials.gov was queried to perform this cross-sectional review. We included precision oncology trials—defined as trials using molecular profiling of a tumor or the patient genome to identify targetable alterations to guide treatment—of ovarian, uterine, cervical, and vulvar cancers in the United States. National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results and United States Census Bureau data were used to estimate cancer burden and the expected number of trial participants by race and ethnicity for each gynecologic cancer. The ratio of actual-to-expected participants was calculated. A ratio greater than 1 signified overenrollment. A random effects meta-analysis was performed to assess the relative weights of individual trials.

RESULTS:
We identified 493 trials, 61 of which met inclusion criteria. There were 2,573 patients enrolled in ovarian cancer trials, 1,197 in uterine cancer trials and 162 in cervical cancer trials. Non-Hispanic White women were overrepresented overall (enrollment ratio 1.26, 95% CI 1.20–1.32) and across all cancer types on subgroup analysis. Asian women, non-Hispanic Black women, and Hispanic women were underrepresented overall (enrollment ratios 0.63, 95% CI 0.41–0.86; 0.51, 95% CI 0.36–0.66 and 0.30, 95% CI 0.23–0.36, respectively). In subgroup analyses, Asian women and non-Hispanic Black women were underrepresented in ovarian and uterine cancer trials and Hispanic women were underrepresented across all cancer types.

CONCLUSION:
Non-Hispanic Black women, Asian women, and Hispanic women with gynecologic cancers are underrepresented in precision oncology trials. Few U.S.-based precision oncology trials exist for uterine and cervical cancers, which have a high burden of morbidity and mortality among racial and ethnic minority groups. Failure to equitably enroll patients who belong to racial and ethnic minority groups may perpetuate existing disparities in gynecologic cancer outcomes.
Clinical Correlates of Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorder Depending on the Presence or Absence of Placenta Previa
Authors: Hessami Kamran , Salmanian Bahram , Einerson Brett D. , Carusi Daniela A. , Shamshirsaz Amir A. , Shainker Scott A. , Subramaniam Akila , Shrivastava Vineet K. , Nieto-Calvache Albaro José , Gilner Jennifer B. , Khandelwal Meena , Backer-Meurke Sean , Cimic Adela , Aalipour Soroush , Grace Matthew R. , Fox Karin A. , Lyell Deirdre J. , Belfort Michael A. , Silver Robert M. , Shamshirsaz Alireza A. 
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate whether there are differences in risk factors and maternal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by placenta accreta spectrum depending on the presence or absence of placenta previa.

DATA SOURCES:
We performed a systematic search in Medline, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Web of Science from inception through April 25, 2022, without language or date restrictions. Search strategy included the key words “placenta accreta,” “placenta increta,” “placenta percreta,” “adherent placenta,” “invasive placenta,” “abnormal placent*,” “placenta previa,” and “marginal placent*.”

METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION:
Of the 1,122 articles screened, seven studies were included in the final review. Studies were included if they compared the risk factors and maternal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by placenta accreta spectrum depending on the presence or absence of placenta previa.

TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS:
A random-effects model was used to pool the mean differences or odds ratios (OR) and the corresponding 95% CIs using RevMan software. A total of 3,342 pregnancies complicated by placenta accreta spectrum were included in the meta-analysis (2,365 without previa and 977 with previa). Pregnancies complicated by placenta accreta spectrum without previa were more likely to have been conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF) (OR 3.11, 95% CI 1.93–5.02, P<.001, I2=52.0%) and to be associated with prior dilation and curettage (D&C) (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.15–2.22, P=.005, I2=0.0%) and myomectomy (OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.31–4.66, P=.005, I2=0.0%), but they were less likely to be associated with prior cesarean delivery (OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.06–0.37, P<.001, I2=87.0%). Placenta accreta spectrum without previa was less likely to be diagnosed antenatally (OR 0.07, 95% CI 0.04–0.11, P<.001, I2=38.0%). Also, women with pregnancies without previa had lower rates of red blood cell transfusion, intensive care unit admission, risk of hysterectomy, unscheduled delivery, and intraoperative bowel or bladder injuries.

CONCLUSION:
Pregnancies complicated by placenta accreta spectrum without previa had a more prominent association with IVF and prior D&C and myomectomy but were much less likely to be associated with prior cesarean delivery. Further, placenta accreta spectrum without previa was less likely to be diagnosed antenatally, although it had better maternal outcomes as compared with placenta accreta spectrum with previa.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION:
PROSPERO, CRD42022307637.
Progression to Severe Chronic Hypertension 5–7 Years After a Pregnancy With Mild Chronic Hypertension
Authors: Oben Ayamo , Szychowski Jeff M. , Ketch Peter , Elkins Cooper , Sinkey Rachel , Andrews William W. , Oparil Suzanne , Tita Alan 
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To estimate the incidence of severe chronic hypertension (cHTN) within 5–7 years after a pregnancy complicated by mild cHTN.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective cohort study of women with mild cHTN during an index pregnancy between 2012 and 2014. Women were included if they received prenatal care at a single academic center and had mild cHTN during their pregnancy. Women with severe cHTN, type 1 diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, cardiomyopathy, proteinuria, or creatinine level greater than 1.1 mg/dL before 23 weeks of gestation at baseline were excluded. The primary outcome was a composite of severe cHTN (defined as new-onset of two or more severe blood pressures) or new-onset cardiovascular disease complications more than 12 weeks after the index delivery.

RESULTS:
A total of 647 women with mild cHTN met inclusion criteria. Of these, 236 (36.5%, 95% CI 32.8–40.2%) women experienced the primary composite outcome of severe cHTN within 5–7 years of the index pregnancy. Black women progressed more rapidly than White women (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.99, 95% CI 1.43–2.76). Smoking tobacco was also associated with more rapid progression to severe cHTN (aHR 1.47, 95% CI 1.13–1.90).

CONCLUSION:
In this cohort, one in three women with mild cHTN in an index pregnancy progressed to severe cHTN within 5–7 years. Prospective studies to validate this finding are needed.
Malignancy Assessment Using Gene Identification in Captured Cells Algorithm for the Prediction of Malignancy in Women With a Pelvic Mass
Authors: Moore Richard George , Khazan Negar , Coulter Madeline Ann , Singh Rakesh , Miller Michael Craig , Sivagnanalingam Umayal , DuBeshter Brent , Angel Cynthia , Liu Cici , Seto Kelly , Englert David , Meachem Philip , Kim Kyu Kwang 
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the detection of malignancy in women with a pelvic mass by using multiplexed gene expression analysis of cells captured from peripheral blood.

METHODS:
This was an IRB-approved, prospective clinical study. Eligible patients had a pelvic mass and were scheduled for surgery or biopsy. Rare cells were captured from peripheral blood obtained preoperatively by using a microfluidic cell capture device. Isolated mRNA from the captured cells was analyzed for expression of 72 different gene transcripts. Serum levels for several commonly assayed biomarkers were measured. All patients had a tissue diagnosis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses for the prediction of malignancy using gene expression and serum biomarker levels were performed, and receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed and compared.

RESULTS:
A total of 183 evaluable patients were enrolled (average age 56 years, range 19–91 years). There were 104 benign tumors, 17 low malignant potential tumors, and 62 malignant tumors. Comparison of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for individual genes and various combinations of genes with or without serum biomarkers to differentiate between benign conditions (excluding low malignant potential tumors) and malignant tumors showed that a multivariate model combining the expression levels of eight genes and four serum biomarkers achieved the highest area under the curve (AUC) (95.1%, 95% CI 92.0–98.2%). The MAGIC (Malignancy Assessment using Gene Identification in Captured Cells) algorithm significantly outperformed all individual genes (AUC 50.2–65.2%; all P<.001) and a multivariate model combining 14 different genes (AUC 88.0%, 95% CI 82.9–93.0%; P=.005). Further, the MAGIC algorithm achieved an AUC of 89.5% (95% CI 81.3–97.8%) for stage I–II and 98.9% (95% CI 96.7–100%) for stage III–IV patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

CONCLUSION:
Multiplexed gene expression evaluation of cells captured from blood, with or without serum biomarker levels, accurately detects malignancy in women with a pelvic mass.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02781272.

FUNDING SOURCE:
This study was funded by ANGLE Europe Limited (Surrey Research Park, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom).
Pregnancy-Associated Homicide and Suicide
Authors: Modest Anna M. , Prater Laura C. , Joseph Naima T. 
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To analyze differences in the demographic and social factors associated with pregnancy-associated violent deaths due to homicide compared with suicide by pregnancy timing.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective cohort study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Violent Death Reporting System from 2008 to 2019. We included females aged 15–44 years who died by suicide, defined as intentional self-harm, or homicide. Pregnancy-associated deaths were defined as those that occurred during or within 1 year of pregnancy.

RESULTS:
Of 38,417 female victims aged 15–44 years identified in the data set, 10,411 had known pregnancy status; 1,300 of those deaths were pregnancy associated. Of all deaths with known pregnancy status, 3,203 were by homicide (30.8%) and 7,208 (69.2%) were by suicide. Pregnancy-associated homicide deaths made up 20.6% of all homicide deaths, and pregnancy-associated suicide deaths made up 8.8% of all suicide deaths. Individuals who died by homicide were younger (29.4±8.2 years vs 31.5±8.6 years), more likely to be single or never married (61.0% vs 50.0%), and had a higher proportion of associate’s degree–level education or less as compared with individuals who died by suicide (28.1% vs 43.9%). Of individuals who died by homicide, 37.7% were Black or African American, 13.4% were Hispanic, and 56.0%% were White. In comparison, 6.9% of individuals who died by suicide were Black or African American, 8.0% were Hispanic, and 85.0% were White. Having a mental health problem and any substance use were significantly more often associated with suicide deaths compared with homicide deaths (77.4% vs 7.2%, P<.001 for mental health, 33.3% vs 12.8%, P<.001 for substance use, respectively). Intimate partner violence was prevalent in both groups, although significantly higher in homicide deaths (57.3% vs 37.1%, P<.001). This pattern persisted when stratified by pregnancy status.

CONCLUSION:
Mental health problems, substance use disorder, and intimate partner violence are preceding circumstances to pregnancy-associated suicide and homicide.
An Extractor for the Management of Shoulder Dystocia
Authors: Gherman Robert B. , Patel Rajnish 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:
The Yaari Extractor is intended to wrap around and guide the fetal shoulder to facilitate vaginal delivery in cases of shoulder dystocia.

INSTRUMENT:
The Yaari Extractor is a single-use device for fetal shoulder extraction. The device consists of two curved, rigid plastic–coated metal arms with handles and an elastic engagement element that includes two hollow sleeves that cover the portion of the device that enters the vagina and contacts the fetus.

EXPERIENCE:
The device has been used in three cases of shoulder dystocia. In all three cases, the shoulder dystocia was resolved without the need for ancillary obstetric maneuvers, and there was no reported maternal or fetal injury.

CONCLUSION:
The Yaari Extractor is a novel technology that can be used to successfully resolve shoulder dystocia.