bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent progress of tree frog toe pads inspired wet adhesive materials
Authors: Zhang Yikai , Wan Xizi , Xu Xuetao , Teng Peicheng , Wang Shutao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWet adhesion has widespread applications in the fields of wearable electronics, medical devices and intelligent robots. In nature, many organisms have evolved with unique wet adhesion properties to adapt to complex habitats and climb in wet environments without falling. Tree frogs, as crawling masters in tropical rain forests, are representative of wet adhesion and give novel inspirations to design artificial wet adhesive materials by mimicking their specialised hexagonal structures and/or mucus composition. In this review, we first overview the research progress of tree frog toe pads from the perspective of toe pad structure and adhesion mechanism. Then, wet adhesive materials inspired by tree frog toe pads are systematically summarised from (i) the typical polymers, (ii) the preparation approaches, (iii) the adhesion test methods and (iv) the typical artificial adhesion surfaces. Third, various applications of bioinspired wet adhesive surfaces are highlighted. Finally, we present future challenges and opportunities to develop tree frog‐inspired wet adhesive materials.
Variable universe fuzzy control of walking stability for flying‐walking power line inspection robot based on multi‐work conditions
Authors: Li Zhaojun , Qin Xinyan , Lei Jin , Zhang Jie , Li Huidong , Li Bo , Wang Yanqi , Wang Dexin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo address complex work conditions incredibly challenging to the stability of power line inspection robots, we design a walking mechanism and propose a variable universe fuzzy control (VUFC) method based on multi‐work conditions for flying‐walking power line inspection robots (FPLIRs). The contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) A flexible pressing component is designed to improve the adaptability of the FPLIR to the ground line slope. (2) The influence of multi‐work conditions on the FPLIR's walking stability is quantified using three condition parameters (i.e., slope, slipping degree and swing angle), and their measurement methods are proposed. (3) The VUFC method based on the condition parameters is proposed to improve the walking stability of the FPLIR. Finally, the effect of the VUFC method on walking stability of the FPLIR is teste. The experimental results show that the maximum climbing angle of the FPLIR reaches 29.1°. Compared with the constant pressing force of 30 N, the average value of slipping degree is 0.93°, increasing by 35%. The maximum and average values of robot's swing angle are reduced by 46% and 54%, respectively. By comparing with fuzzy control, the VUFC can provide a more reasonable pressing force while maintaining the walking stability of the FPLIR. The proposed walking mechanism and the VUFC method significantly improve the stability of the FPLIR, providing a reference for structural designs and stability controls of inspection robots.
Secured‐KDS: Secret key distribution and authentication scheme for resource‐constrained devices
Authors: Manickam Selvakumar , Rehman Shafiq Ul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the era of the Internet of things (IoT), billions of electrical devices are connected to the Internet and communicate remotely with one another without any human intervention. IoT devices often do not enforce proper security measures; this raises serious privacy and security concerns. One of the big issues in securing IoT communications is that traditional cryptographical protocols incur high computational costs and are not suitable for resource‐constrained devices. In this paper, the authors focus on issues related to secret keys distribution and authentication schemes. Although there exist some lightweight authentication schemes for IoT devices in the literature, they come with some limitations (e.g. preconfiguration of shared secret keys). A new lightweight authentication scheme suitable for IoT devices is proposed. This scheme incurs low resource utilisation and provides a trusted mode of Secret key distribution between IoT devices and a control server. A real‐time test‐bed environment is deployed to examine whether the authors’ proposed scheme is applicable for resource‐constrained devices. The authors’ performance analysis shows that the proposed scheme is efficient and is resistant to possible security attacks such as replay attacks, man‐in‐the middle attacks, impersonation attacks, modification attacks, and remote access trojan attacks.
Manipulation of stator current signature for rotor asymmetries fault diagnosis of wound rotor induction machine
Authors: Marzebali Mohammad Hoseintabar , Abolghasemi Vahid , Ferdowsi Saideh , Bazghandi Reza 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a new technique based on the manipulation of stator current signature for induction machines fault diagnosis is introduced. The goal of the proposed method is to demodulate the characteristic frequencies from supply frequency and preserve the information of the supply frequency and its harmonics. The proposed method can be easily implemented and used in experimental systems due to its low computational complexity. The validity of the proposed method is proved through theoretical analysis and experimental results in steady‐state and transient conditions. In this regard, the 270‐W wound rotor induction machine (WRIM) is tested under different fault severities and load levels.
Tracing the contraction of the pre-stellar core L1544 with HC17O+ J = 1–0 emission
Authors: Ferrer Asensio J. , Spezzano S. , Caselli P. , Alves F. O. , Sipilä O. , Redaelli E. , Bizzocchi L. , Lique F. , Mullins A. 
Published: September 2022

Context. Spectral line profiles of several molecules observed towards the pre-stellar core L1544 appear double-peaked. For abundant molecular species this line morphology has been linked to self-absorption. However, the physical process behind the double-peaked morphology for less abundant species is still under debate.
Aims. In order to understand the cause behind the double-peaked spectra of optically thin transitions and their link to the physical structure of pre-stellar cores, we present high-sensitivity and high spectral resolution HC17O+ J =1−0 observations towards the dust peak in L1544.
Methods. We observed the HC17O+(1−0) spectrum with the Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) 30 m telescope. By using state-of-the-art collisional rate coefficients, a physical model for the core and the fractional abundance profile of HC17O+, the hyperfine structure of this molecular ion is modelled for the first time with the radiative transfer code loc applied to the predicted chemical structure of a contracting pre-stellar core. We applied the same analysis to the chemically related C17O molecule.
Results. The observed HC17O+(1−0) and C17O(1−0) lines were successfully reproduced with a non-local thermal equilibrium (LTE) radiative transfer model applied to chemical model predictions for a contracting pre-stellar core. An upscaled velocity profile (by 30%) is needed to reproduce the HC17O+(1−0) observations.
Conclusions. The double peaks observed in the HC17O+(1−0) hyperfine components are due to the contraction motions at densities close to the critical density of the transition (~105 cm−3) and to the decreasing HCO+ fractional abundance towards the centre.
Spectra of closeness Laplacian and closeness signless Laplacian of graphs
Authors: Zheng Lu , Zhou Bo 
Published: September 2022

For a graph G with vertex set V(G) and u, v ∈ V(G), the distance between vertices u and v in G, denoted by dG(u,v), is the length of a shortest path connecting them and it is ∞ if there is no such a path, and the closeness of vertex u in G is cG(u) = ∑w∈V(G)2-dG(u,w). Given a graph G that is not necessarily connected, for u, v∈V(G), the closeness matrix of G is the matrix whose (u,v)-entry is equal to 2-dG(u,v) if u≠v and 0 otherwise, the closeness Laplacian is the matrix whose (u,v)-entry is equal to
$$ \left\{\begin{array}{c}-{2}^{-{d}_G(u,v)}\hspace{1em}\mathrm{if}\enspace u\ne v,\enspace \\ \enspace {c}_G(u)\hspace{1em}\hspace{1em}\mathrm{otherwise}\hspace{0.5em}\end{array}\right.\hspace{0.5em} $$
and the closeness signless Laplacian is the matrix whose (u,v)-entry is equal to
$$ \left\{\begin{array}{c}{2}^{-{d}_G(u,v)}\hspace{1em}\hspace{1em}\&\mathrm{if}\enspace \mathrm{u}\ne \mathrm{v},\\ {c}_G(u)\hspace{1em}\hspace{1em}\mathrm{otherwise}.\end{array}\right. $$
We establish relations connecting the spectral properties of closeness Laplacian and closeness signless Laplacian and the structural properties of graphs. We give tight upper bounds for all nontrivial closeness Laplacian eigenvalues and characterize the extremal graphs, and determine all trees and unicyclic graphs that maximize the second smallest closeness Laplacian eigenvalue. Also, we give tight upper bounds for the closeness signless Laplacian eigenvalues and determine the trees whose largest closeness signless Laplacian eigenvalues achieve the first two largest values.
Anticoagulant Activity of Heparins from Different Animal Sources are Driven by a Synergistic Combination of Physical-chemical Factors
Authors: Oliveira Stephan N.M.C.G. , Tovar Ana M.F. , Bezerra Francisco F. , Piquet Adriana A. , Capillé Nina V. , Santos Paloma S. , Vilanova Eduardo , Mourão Paulo A.S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHeparin has already been found in a variety of animal tissues but only few of them became effective sources for production of pharmaceutical preparations. Here, we correlate physical-chemical features and anticoagulant activities of structurally similar heparins employed in the past (from bovine lung, HBL), in the present (from porcine intestine, HPI) and in development for future use (from ovine intestine, HOI). Although they indeed have similar composition, our physical-chemical analyses with different chromatography and spectrometric techniques show that both HOI and HBL have molecular size notably lower than HPI and that the proportions of some of their minor saccharide components can vary substantially. Measurements of anticoagulant activities with anti-FIIa and anti-FXa assays confirmed that HPI and HOI have potency similar each other but significantly higher than HBL. Such a lower activity of HBL has been attributed to its reduced molecular size. Considering that HOI also has reduced molecular size, we find that its increased anticoagulant potency might result from an improved affinity to antithrombin (three times higher than HBL) promoted by the high content of N,3,6-trisulfated glucosamine units, which in turn are directly involved in the heparin-antithrombin binding. Therefore, the anticoagulant activity of different heparins is driven by a balance between different physical-chemical components, especially molecular size and fine-tuning composition. Although such minor but relevant chemical differences reinforce the concept that heparins from different animal sources should indeed be considered as distinct drugs, HOI could be approved for interchangeable use with the gold standard HPI and as a suitable start material for producing new LMWHs.
An evaluation of an Australia-based home Burglary prevention program
Authors: Manning Matthew , Wong Gabriel T. W. , Ip Melody 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn response to an increase in the number of burglaries in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) from 2014 to 2020, the ACT government funded the development of a home-based Burglary prevention program. The aim of the program is to improve household security particularly for those properties at heightened risk of victimisation and re-victimisation. The program consisted of security assessments of properties and, based on assessments, installation of security devices for eligible program clients. Results from the evaluation reveal that the program produces positive benefits overall in terms of enhanced security, reduced risk of re-victimisation, improvement in perceived sense of personal security, and positive economic return on investment.
Fission chamber data acquisition system for neutron flux measurements on the Mega-Amp Spherical Tokamak Upgrade
Authors: Vincent C. , Allan S. , Naylor G. , Stephen R. , Bray S. , Thornton A. , Kirk A. 
Published: September 2022

Neutron flux measurements are important in fusion devices for both safety requirements and physics studies. A new system has been built for the Mega-Amp Spherical Tokamak Upgrade (MAST Upgrade) that provides neutron count, DC, and Campbell mode measurements for a 1 µs period at 1 MHz. The acquisition system uses a Red Pitaya board to sample current from two fission chambers mounted on the side of the MAST-U vessel. The system-on-chip design of the Zynq-7020 on the Red Pitaya also allows a web server implementation using Flask for data retrieval and diagnostic configuration over the MAST Upgrade network.
Divalent cation induced re-entrant condensation behavior for lipopolysaccharides
Authors: Frimpong Asante Obed , Xu Xiao , Jia Xu , Zhang Yuejun 
Published: September 2022

Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are negatively charged molecules covering the surface of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB). Adding divalent cations (DCs) is important to stabilize the LPS bilayer. Thus, DCs are always only considered as membrane stabilizing ions. Here, on the basis of a coarse-grained (CG) Martini force field, we conduct molecular dynamic (MD) simulations to study the divalent cation mediated LPS interaction and the stability of the LPS membrane in a wide range of DC concentrations. By measuring the LPS binding free energy and the LPS–LPS aggregate from the association course between two LPS molecules, we find that the initial addition of DCs may significantly facilitate the aggregation of LPSs into a compact structure, while sequentially adding more DCs only unpacks the LPS aggregate and drives the dissolution of LPSs. With an increasing concentration of DCs, we find a gradual replacement of DCs to monovalent cations as condensed counterions on the LPS, which follows a sign change from negative to positive in terms of the LPS effective charge and a switch of LPSs in solution from undergoing precipitation to resolubilization on adding DCs. This interaction change in the level of two LPSs accounts for the structure variation of the LPS assembly on a larger scale, where the LPS packing rigidity in the assembly bilayer is found with a similar nonmonotonic dependence with the DC concentration. Thus, our results demonstrate for the first time the presence of a re-entrant condensation behavior for LPS molecules, which can be exploited for developing novel membrane-perturbing agents based on multivalent ions as efficient GNB antibiotics.
Supplementation of exogenous β-mannanase to low-protein diets improves feed conversion efficiency in lactating dairy cows
Authors: Kebreab E. , Mendez J. , Ji P. , Lee J.-J. , Seo S. 
Published: September 2022

Context Supplementation of exogenous enzymes has been used to improve nutrient utilisation and reduce environmental impacts of excess nutrient release to the environment in swine, poultry and, to a lesser extent, ruminant production systems. Aims We aimed to determine effects of supplementation with a fibrolytic enzyme, β-mannanase, on feed conversion efficiency (FCE) and milk yield in cows fed a diet relatively low in crude protein (CP) concentration. Methods Twelve mid-lactation multiparous Holstein cows producing 40.5 ± 3.6 kg milk/day were assigned to three dietary treatments in a three-period crossover design. Treatment sequences were balanced using 3 × 3 Latin squares to mitigate possible carryover effects. Treatments, fed in a total mixed ration, were high CP (16.1%), low CP (14.6%), and low CP supplemented with commercially available β-mannanase at 0.1% of concentrate dry matter (DM). Key results β-Mannanase supplementation did not affect DM intake, milk yield, or milk component yield and composition. Milk urea-nitrogen was significantly lower in cows fed diets with low CP. Somatic cell counts were reduced in cows supplemented with β-mannanase compared with the other treatments. Apparent total tract digestibilities of DM, organic matter, CP, acid and neutral detergent fibre, starch and ash were unaffected by treatment. Cows receiving β-mannanase showed better FCE than those receiving high CP (13.4% improvement, P = 0.003) or unsupplemented low CP (11.0% improvement). Cows receiving β-mannanase used dietary CP more efficiently to synthesise milk protein than cows receiving high CP (milk protein:CP intake, 0.34 vs 0.30). Nitrogen intake was significantly reduced in the low CP treatments, leading to reduced fecal and urinary nitrogen excretions. Conclusion β-Mannanase supplementation at 0.1% of dietary DM improved FCE and lowered somatic cell counts of dairy cows without affecting milk yield or component yield and composition, while reducing nitrogen excretion. There were potential daily savings of US$1.03/cow compared with a high CP diet. Implications Improvement in FCE can be achieved along with reduced dietary CP content and somatic cell counts without compromising milk production through use of β-mannanase, suggesting a potential economic benefit. Furthermore, reductions in nitrogen excretions with low CP diets are beneficial to the environment.
Humour and self-interpreting in the media
Authors: Castillo Ortiz Pedro Jesús 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
While humour in translation has received a considerable degree of scholarly attention and new perspectives and methodologies keep advancing this field of study, it is a topic that is underexplored in the context of interpreting in general and self-interpreting in particular (Chiaro, 2002).
Humour in interpreting is most visible in the media, particularly in the so-called infotainment genre (Katan and Straniero Sergio, 2001). Given the live and immediate nature of interpreting, it is widely acknowledged by practitioners and trainers alike that interpreting humour is one of the biggest challenges for interpreters (Pavlicek and Pöchhacker, 2002, Pöchhacker, 1995), with the live broadcast setting only adding further stress. But what happens when self-interpreting is consciously used as an intrinsic part of a late-night comedy show? To what extent is it part of the production of humour? And can this type of mediation be explored through the lenses of interpreting standards (c.f. Darwish, 2006) and ethics (Katan and Straniero Sergio, 2003)? These are the key questions that this paper aims to tackle by looking at a case study of a self-interpreted interview (English-Spanish) by the host of a popular Spanish late-night show: La Resistencia on Movistar TV, hosted by David Broncano.
The data will be explored via the theoretical frames of the communicative ethos of broadcasting (Scannell, 1988) and the authenticity contract (Enli, 2015). Studies have shown how interpreting is heavily impacted and framed by the broader communicative context and, whether organised ad hoc or as an intrinsic part of the production, the interpreter-mediated interaction becomes part of the ethos of the broadcaster, with submerged discourses and ideologies in place (cf. Gieve and Norton, 2007, Katan and Straniero Sergio, 2003, and Castillo Ortiz, 2015b). By applying Conversation Analysis to the bilingual interaction in the broadcast, this study aims to unveil the mechanisms used to integrate self-interpreting into the comedy programme and highlight patterns that may contribute to a conceptualisation of this type of socially situated practice which moves beyond normative views of TV interpreting.
Low coherency of wind induced seismic noise: implications for gravitational wave detection
Authors: Satari Hamid , Blair Carl , Ju Li , Blair David , Zhao Chunnong , Saygin Erdinc , Meyers Patrick , Lumley David 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Seismic noise poses challenges for gravitational wave detection. Effective vibration isolation and methods to subtract unshieldable Newtonian noise (NN) are examples. Seismic arrays offer one way to deal with these issues by making use of correlations between seismic ground measurements and noise inside the detector. In this paper we find that wind induced seismic noise is incoherent and our results show that it can dramatically reduce the projected low frequency sensitivity of future gravitational wave detectors. To quantify this, we measure the coherence length of wind induced seismic noise from 0.06–20 Hz in three distinct locations: close to a building, among tall trees and in shrubs. We show that wind induced seismic noise is ubiquitous and reduces the coherence lengths from several hundred meters to 2–40 m for 0.06–0.1 Hz, from

>

60 m to 3–16 m for 1.5–2.5 Hz and from

>

35 m to 1–16 m around 16.6 Hz in the study area. This leads to significant loss of velocity resolution of the array for primary microseism and 5 times worse NN cancellation by Wiener filtering at 2 Hz, while it may not pose additional limitation to NN cancellation between 10–20 Hz.
Infrared stealth and the flexible metasurface of radar backscattering suppression
Authors: Zhang Weibin , Xu Cuilian , Cheng A’ni , Fan Qi , Wang Jiafu , Qu Shaobo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Based on the principle of electromagnetic wave cancellation, this paper proposes a coded metasurface which can suppress both radar backscattering and infrared radiation. Two high duty ratio superstructures with two different structures are designed and coded units are worked out on the basis of this. The experimental results indicate that the metasurface can effectively suppress the backscattering of electromagnetic waves in the 8.6–16.3 GHz band, and the average emissivity at infrared atmospheric window is 0.43. At the same time, it has good heat insulation performance, which can effectively suppress infrared radiation. In addition, the metasurface has light mass and flexibility. Therefore, the metasurface has a good prospect for application in the multispectral stealth field.
Surface plasmon resonance-enhanced broadband perfect absorption in a Ti3C2Tx-based metamaterial absorber
Authors: Ruan Jiu Fu , Tao Zhi , Zhu Da Wei , Meng Zi Fan , Pan Sheng Min 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The absorption band in which near-unity or perfect absorption can be realized is still narrow in the current broadband metamaterial absorbers (BMAs). In this article, a broadband perfect metamaterial absorber (BPMA) based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is proposed for the visible and near-infrared range. The BPMA composed of a patterned Ti3C2Tx layer, SiO2 layer and the ground gold layer can offer over 90% absorption across the wavelength range of 639–967 nm. It is worth noting that near-unity absorption can be achieved in the range 728–890 nm, which is out of reach by the currently reported BMA. The electric field distribution reveals that localized SPR generated by the Ti3C2Tx layer contributes to the broadband perfect absorption. Additionally, the BPMA is insensitive to incident and polarized angles at TE and TM modes. The calculated results based on interference theory agree well with the simulation results, thus supporting the design. This work may provide a potential approach to broadband perfect absorption in the visible and near-infrared region.