bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement system of ultra‐low moisture content in oil based on the microwave transmission method
Authors: Zeng Qunfeng , Li Gaokai , Liu Qi , Jiang Hao , Wang Zhao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAs an important index of industrial oil, moisture content affects the performance of oil. With the increase of requirement to the oil quality, the measurement of ultra‐low moisture content is gradually concerned. To achieve nondestructive measurement of the moisture content in oil, this paper analyzes the principle of dielectric loss of oil‐water mixture and proposes a measurement system based on the microwave transmission method. The hardware of the system, horn antenna, and experimental device were designed and built. The system uses a subtracter circuit together with a high‐performance microwave chip and high‐precision analog‐to‐digital converter to detect 1dB microwave attenuation. The results showed that the system can measure the moisture content of 0.01%–0.8% in quenching oil and the single detection absolute error is less than ±0.05%, and the average detection absolute error of 10 detections is less than ±0.02%. This study is useful for nondestructive detection of the moisture content in oil and provides a reference for related product development.
Technical note: Short‐time sequential high‐energy gamma photon imaging using list‐mode data acquisition system for high‐dose‐rate brachytherapy
Authors: Nagata Jura , Yamamoto Seiichi , Yabe Takuya , Yogo Katsunori , Nakanishi Kohei , Noguchi Yumiko , Okudaira Kuniyasu , Kamada Kei , Yoshikawa Akira , Kataoka Jun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeMeasurement of the dwell time and moving speed of a high‐activity iridium‐192 (Ir‐192) source used for high‐dose‐rate (HDR) brachytherapy is important for estimating the precise dose delivery to a tumor. For this purpose, we used a cerium‐doped yttrium aluminum perovskite (YA1O3:YAP(Ce)) gamma camera system, combined with a list‐mode data acquisition system that can acquire short‐time sequential images, and measured the dwell times and moving speeds of the Ir‐192 source.MethodsGamma photon imaging was conducted using the gamma camera in list mode for the Ir‐192 source of HDR brachytherapy with fixed dwell times and positions. The acquired list‐mode images were sorted to millisecond‐order interval time sequential images to evaluate the dwell time at each position. Time count rate curves were derived to calculate the dwell time at each source position and moving speed of the source.ResultsWe could measure the millisecond‐order time sequential images for the Ir‐192 source. The measured times for the preset dwell times of 2 s and 10 s were 1.98 to 2.00 s full width at half maximum (FWHM) and 10.0 s FWHM, respectively. The dwell times at the first dwell position were larger than those at other positions. We also measured the moving speeds of the source after the dwells while moving back to the afterloader and found the speed increased with the distance from the edge of the field of view to the last dwell position.ConclusionWe conclude that millisecond‐order time sequential imaging of the Ir‐192 source is possible by using a gamma camera and is useful for evaluating the dwell times and moving speeds of the Ir‐192 source.
IMPULSED model based cytological feature estimation with U‐Net: Application to human brain tumor at 3T
Authors: Wu Jian , Kang Taishan , Lan Xinli , Chen Xinran , Wu Zhigang , Wang Jiazheng , Lin Liangjie , Cai Congbo , Lin Jianzhong , Ding Xin , Cai Shuhui 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThis work introduces and validates a deep‐learning‐based fitting method, which can rapidly provide accurate and robust estimation of cytological features of brain tumor based on the IMPULSED (imaging microstructural parameters using limited spectrally edited diffusion) model fitting with diffusion‐weighted MRI data.MethodsThe U‐Net was applied to rapidly quantify extracellular diffusion coefficient (Dex), cell size (d), and intracellular volume fraction (vin) of brain tumor. At the training stage, the image‐based training data, synthesized by randomizing quantifiable microstructural parameters within specific ranges, was used to train U‐Net. At the test stage, the pre‐trained U‐Net was applied to estimate the microstructural parameters from simulated data and the in vivo data acquired on patients at 3T. The U‐Net was compared with conventional non‐linear least‐squares (NLLS) fitting in simulations in terms of estimation accuracy and precision.ResultsOur results confirm that the proposed method yields better fidelity in simulations and is more robust to noise than the NLLS fitting. For in vivo data, the U‐Net yields obvious quality improvement in parameter maps, and the estimations of all parameters are in good agreement with the NLLS fitting. Moreover, our method is several orders of magnitude faster than the NLLS fitting (from about 5 min to <1 s).ConclusionThe image‐based training scheme proposed herein helps to improve the quality of the estimated parameters. Our deep‐learning‐based fitting method can estimate the cell microstructural parameters fast and accurately.
Deuterium metabolic imaging of the human brain in vivo at 7 T
Authors: Serés Roig Eulalia , De Feyter Henk M. , Nixon Terence W. , Ruhm Loreen , Nikulin Anton V. , Scheffler Klaus , Avdievich Nikolai I. , Henning Anke , de Graaf Robin A. 
Published: September 2022

PurposeTo explore the potential of deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) in the human brain in vivo at 7 T, using a multi‐element deuterium (2H) RF coil for 3D volume coverage.Methods1H‐MR images and localized 2H MR spectra were acquired in vivo in the human brain of 3 healthy subjects to generate DMI maps of 2H‐labeled water, glucose, and glutamate/glutamine (Glx). In addition, non‐localized 2H‐MR spectra were acquired both in vivo and in vitro to determine T1 and T2 relaxation times of deuterated metabolites at 7 T. The performance of the 2H coil was assessed through numeric simulations and experimentally acquired B1+ maps.Results3D DMI maps covering the entire human brain in vivo were obtained from well‐resolved deuterated (2H) metabolite resonances of water, glucose, and Glx. The T1 and T2 relaxation times were consistent with those reported at adjacent field strengths. Experimental B1+ maps were in good agreement with simulations, indicating efficient and homogeneous B1+ transmission and low RF power deposition for 2H, consistent with a similar array coil design reported at 9.4 T.ConclusionHere, we have demonstrated the successful implementation of 3D DMI in the human brain in vivo at 7 T. The spatial and temporal nominal resolutions achieved at 7 T (i.e., 2.7 mL in 28 min, respectively) were close to those achieved at 9.4 T and greatly outperformed DMI at lower magnetic fields. DMI at 7 T and beyond has clear potential in applications dealing with small brain lesions.
Guanidinium and amide CEST mapping of human brain by high spectral resolution CEST at 3 T
Authors: Wang Kexin , Park Sooyeon , Kamson David Olayinka , Li Yuguo , Liu Guanshu , Xu Jiadi 
Published: September 2022

PurposeTo extract guanidinium (Guan) and amide CEST on the human brain at 3 T MRI with the high spectral resolution (HSR) CEST combined with the polynomial Lorentzian line‐shape fitting (PLOF).MethodsContinuous wave (cw) turbo spin‐echo (TSE) CEST was implemented to obtain the optimum saturation parameters. Both Guan and amide CEST peaks were extracted and quantified using the PLOF method. The NMR spectra on the egg white phantoms were acquired to reveal the fitting range and the contributions to the amide and GuanCEST. Two types of CEST approaches, including cw gradient‐ and spin‐echo (cwGRASE) and steady state EPI (ssEPI), were implemented to acquire multi‐slice HSR‐CEST.ResultsGuanCEST can be extracted with the PLOF method at 3 T, and the optimum was determined for GuanCEST in white matter (WM) and 1.0 μT in gray matter (GM). The optimum B1 = 0.8‐1 μT was found for amideCEST. AmideCEST is lower in both WM and GM collected with ssEPI compared to those by cwGRASE (ssEPI = [1.27‐1.63]%; cwGRASE = [2.19‐2.25]%). The coefficients of variation (COV) of the amide and Guan CEST in both WM and GM for ssEPI (COV: 28.6‐33.4%) are significantly higher than those of cwGRASE (COV: 8.6‐18.8%). Completely different WM/GM contrasts for Guan and amide CEST were observed between ssEPI and cwGRASE. The amideCEST was found to have originated from the unstructured amide protons as suggested by the NMR spectrum of the unfolded proteins in egg white.ConclusionGuan and amide CEST mapping can be achieved by the HSR‐CEST at 3 T combing with the PLOF method.
Intervention training of urology healthcare staff to counsel acute care inpatients on smoking cessation: An evaluation study
Authors: Tsemach Ronit , Enden‐Izhaki Anat , Amit Aharon Anat 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the differences, following intervention training, in the knowledge, attitudes, role perception, self‐capacity and intention of urology staff to counsel inpatients on smoking cessation.DesignA descriptive evaluation study of intervention training in counselling on smoking cessation. The study was designed following guidance by the Medical Research Council.MethodsThe evaluation was based on a closed‐end questionnaire with four time‐point measurements from May 2018–December 2019 (N = 29 at each time‐point). A repeated measure within‐subjects ANOVA was conducted to explore the variance in participants' attitudes, role perception, self‐capacity and intention to counsel patients regarding smoking cessation. Eta squared and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used to interpret the results.ResultsNo change was observed in the research variables after theoretical science‐based learning of the smoking hazards and the benefits of cessation. A statistically significant difference was found following procedural knowledge based on training, practical experience and skill development.
Uncertainty and perinatal post‐traumatic stress disorder in the neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Malin Kathryn J. , Johnson Teresa S. , Brown Roger L. , Leuthner Jonathan , Malnory Margaret , White‐Traut Rosemary , Rholl Erin , Lagatta Joanne 
Published: September 2022

AbstractParents of infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are at increased risk of developing perinatal post‐traumatic stress disorder (PPTSD), a mental health condition known to interfere with healthy parental and infant attachment. Feelings of uncertainty about illness have been theorized as an antecedent to post‐traumatic stress, however the relationship has not been explored in parents of infants requiring care in the NICU. The purpose of this prospective study was to explore parental uncertainty during and after NICU discharge and the relationship between uncertainty and PPTSD. The sample consisted of 319 parents during NICU hospitalization and 245 parents at 3 months postdischarge. Parents who screened positive for PPTSD 3 months after hospital discharge reported more uncertainty both while in the NICU and 3 months after hospital discharge (p < 0.001). In parents with a personal or family history of mental illness, the moderated/mediating structural probit analysis showed no direct or indirect effect of uncertainty during hospitalization or at 3 months after hospital discharge on screening positive for PPTSD. In parents who did not report personal or family history of mental illness, uncertainty at 3 months after hospital discharge had a direct effect (b = 0.678, p < 0.001) and indirect mediating effect (b = 0.276, p < 0.001) on screening positive for PPTSD. The results provide actionable implications for mental health and NICU providers: (1) routine screening for uncertainty and risk factors including previous personal and family history of mental illness, and (2) the development of NICU follow‐up support services to mitigate risk for PPTSD.
Effect of low skeletal muscle mass and sarcopenic obesity on chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Seo Da Hea , Suh Young Ju , Cho Yongin , Ahn Seong Hee , Seo Seongha , Hong Seongbin , Lee Yong‐ho , Choi Young Ju , Lee Eunjig , Kim So Hun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the association between low muscle mass or sarcopenic obesity and the risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsA total of 3123 patients with T2DM with preserved renal function were followed up for incident CKD. Skeletal muscle mass was estimated from bioelectrical impedance analysis. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Sarcopenic obesity was defined as the coexistence of sarcopenia and abdominal obesity.ResultsDuring 8.9 years of follow‐up, 530 (17.0%) patients developed incident CKD. When patients were divided into three groups based on sex‐specific tertiles, lower muscle mass was not associated with an increased risk of incident CKD after adjustment for risk factors. However, when patients were divided into four groups according to the presence of sarcopenia and obesity, sarcopenic obesity was associated with an increased risk of incident CKD (adjusted hazard ratio 1.77; 95% CI: 1.24‐2.51; p = 0.001) compared with the other groups.ConclusionsSarcopenic obesity, but not low muscle mass alone, may increase the risk of CKD in patients with T2DM.
High‐fat diet decreases H3K27ac in mice adipose‐derived stromal cells
Authors: da Silva Viviane S. , Simão Jussara J. , Plata Victor , de Sousa Andressa França , da Cunha de Sá Roberta D. C. , Machado Cleiton Fagundes , Stumpp Taiza , Alonso‐Vale Maria Isabel C. , Armelin‐Correa Lucia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe study goal was to analyze the effects of a high‐fat diet (HFD) on the histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27) posttranscriptional modifications and the expression of histone‐modifying enzymes in adipose‐derived stromal cells (ASCs) from white adipose tissue (WAT).MethodsMale C57BL/6J mice received control or HFD for 12 weeks. The ASCs were isolated from subcutaneous and visceral (epididymal) WAT, cultivated, and evaluated for expression of H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) and H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) by Western blot. The transcription of histone‐modifying enzymes was analyzed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction.ResultsWhen compared with control, HFD ASCs showed a decrease in H3K27ac enrichment in subcutaneous and visceral WAT and ATP‐citrate lyase expression in subcutaneous WAT. Curiously, the expression of CREB‐binding protein was increased in visceral ASCs from HFD‐fed mice.ConclusionsThese results show that an HFD significantly reduces acetylation of H3K27 in ASCs and the expression of ATP‐citrate lyase in subcutaneous ASCs, suggesting that, in this fat depot, the H3K27ac reduction could be partly due to lower acetyl‐coenzyme A availability. H3K27ac is an epigenetic mark responsible for increasing the transcription rate and its reduction can have an important impact on ASC proliferation and differentiation potential.
A study on graphene reinforced carbon fiber epoxy composites: Investigation of electrical, flexural, and dynamic mechanical properties
Authors: Kaftelen‐Odabaşı Hülya , Odabaşı Akın , Özdemir Mustafa , Baydoğan Murat 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) added to epoxy matrix composite reinforced by aeronautical grade carbon fibers (CFs) were fabricated by the vacuum infusion method, and the effect of different GNPs contents (0.05, 0.25, and 1.25 wt%) on electrical conductivity, flexural properties, and dynamic mechanical properties were investigated. The results revealed an 8‐ and 73‐times improvement in conductivity values across the thickness with the addition of 0.05 and 0.25 wt% GNPs, respectively, compared to the neat composite. Flexural test results showed that with the addition of 0.05 GNP, only 6% increase in flexural strength was obtained, while with the addition of 0.25 wt% GNP flexural strength remained almost the same as for the neat composite. On the contrary, the addition of GNPs (1.25% by weight) causes a reduction in the flexural strength with respect to the neat composite. This was confirmed by the fractured surfaces examined by scanning electron microscope which reveals that considerable amount of fiber‐matrix debonding was observed with 1.25 GNPs loading. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) revealed that the storage modulus of the neat composite increased by 12.6% with the addition of only a small amount of GNP (0.05% wt) compared to the neat composite. Composite with 1.25 GNP shows upward bending, affecting the shape of the cole–cole plot obtained from DMA results, indicating inappropriate interactions of GNPs in both the matrix and CF in the composite.
Difference in mechanical properties between plastic and metal molds for injection molding a talc reinforced rubber modified polypropylene
Authors: Zhang Dan , Bartlett Leah , Cai Kaiyu , Hoffman Ben , Mulyana Rachmat , Herderick Edward , Castro Jose M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTooling for injection molding is costly, and delivery time is a concern, especially for companies that are on a tight production schedule. The introduction of additive manufacturing tooling for injection molding is an attractive rapid tooling for cutting cost and time not only for prototype parts but also for low volume production, that is, less than 100 parts. In this work, digital acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) mold insert was 3D printed on a Stratasys PolyJet printer, and then installed on the mold frame for injection molding investigation. The mechanical properties of talc reinforced rubber modified polypropylene (PP) parts molded by 3D printed ABS mold and conventional steel mold are compared. When the 3D printed ABS mold was used, a significantly higher mold temperature was observed during the molding cycles compared to the steel mold because of the lower thermal conductivity of ABS. The ductility of PP parts molded by the ABS mold is much lower compared to the metal mold, while other mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, Young's modulus, and flexural strength are not significantly different.
Tear fatigue behavior of lignin‐based sustainable rubber composites
Authors: Chowdhury Soumya Ghosh , Ghosh Sreedip , Chanda Jagannath , Ghosh Prasenjit , Bhattacharyya Sanjay Kumar , Mukhopadhyay Rabindra 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRubber products, especially tire, experiences millions of fatigue cycles during their service life. In this period, penetration or cuts owing to any sharp objects brings calamitous failure. Thus, the fatigue crack growth (FCG) characteristic of tire components has become an important parameter to inspect. In the present study, the FCG behavior of sustainable filler, lignin‐filled composite is investigated. The impact of rubber matrix (epoxidation of natural rubber) on crack growth behavior is scrutinized in this article. Epoxy group introduction in natural rubber leads to a significant change in tearing energy throughout the strain range (10%–25%). Higher mol% of the epoxy group brings in a lower crack growth rate. An increase in polar interaction amongst the matrix through epoxide—hydroxyl functionality contributes significantly to the FCG rate. Inter‐molecular interaction promotes higher cross‐link density in epoxidized natural rubber containing composites which are reflected in static as well as dynamic‐mechanical properties. Morphological evidence (Field‐emission scanning electron microscope [FE‐SEM] and microscopic images) establishes the fact that stiffening at the crack tip, arising from intrinsic strain‐induced crystallization and high‐density network formation in the concerned matrix are the major contributors to the reduction in fatigue crack growth rate of a composite.
Development of algorithm for diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in absence of sweat chloride testing in resource‐limited setting
Authors: Sahoo Nisha , Dhochak Nitin , Jat Kana R. , Sankar Jhuma , Lodha Rakesh , Sethuraman Gomathy , Kabra Madhulika , Kabra Sushil K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a diagnostic algorithm for cystic fibrosis (CF) in the setting of unavailability of sweat chloride, based on clinical features and basic laboratory investigations.MethodsIn a prospective observational study, we enrolled children with recurrent/persistent pneumonia with either malabsorption or poor growth, undergoing a sweat chloride test, between January 2019 and December 2020. They were simultaneously evaluated for aquagenic wrinkling of hands, stool fat globules, sputum for bacterial culture, blood gas, and serum electrolytes. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for parameters having a significant difference between CF and non‐CF groups. Scoring systems and algorithms for the diagnosis of CF were developed.ResultsOf 134 children enrolled, 46 (34%) had CF. The sensitivity and specificity of various parameters to diagnose CF was: sibling death due to respiratory illness (30.43%, 96.59%), aquagenic wrinkling (76.74%, 47.67%), metabolic alkalosis (17.78%, 94.12%), hyponatremia (28.89%, 89.41%), stool fat globules (38.46%, 81.18%), and presence of Pseudomonas in sputum culture (23.68%, 98.80%). Using coefficients of significant parameters on stepwise logistic regression, the composite score for diagnosis of CF was calculated as: 3X sibling death due to respiratory illness + 1.5X hyponatremia + 1.5X metabolic alkalosis + 1.5X aquagenic wrinkling + 1X stool fat globules + 2.5X presence of Pseudomonas in sputum culture (each of the variables scores 0 or 1 for absence and presence, respectively). The cut‐off of ≥2.5 had sensitivity and specificity of 81.82% and 76.83%, respectively.ConclusionsIn resource‐limited settings, the proposed diagnostic algorithm can be used for the diagnosis of presumptive CF with fair sensitivity and specificity.