bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of clinical pharmacy quality measures: A call to action
Authors: Nesbit Suzanne A. , Haas Curtis E. , Carter Barry L. , Kehoe William A. , Jacobi Judi , D'Amico Heather Rucker , Peace Jacob T. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the past year, American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP) has released white papers on quality measures of clinical pharmacy services in ambulatory care, acute care, and transitions of care. While reviewing established metrics and proposing new measures, these papers call out the lack of development, standardization, and validation of quality measures for the practice of pharmacy. This commentary provides a call to action for ACCP and the pharmacy enterprise.
The various regulatory functions of long noncoding RNAs in apoptosis, cell cycle, and cellular senescence
Authors: Heydarnezhad Asl Mohammad , Pasban Khelejani Faezeh , Bahojb Mahdavi Seyedeh Zahra , Emrahi Leila , Jebelli Asiyeh , Mokhtarzadeh Ahad 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of noncoding cellular RNAs involved in significant biological phenomena such as differentiation, cell development, genomic imprinting, adjusting the enzymatic activity, regulating chromosome conformation, apoptosis, cell cycle, and cellular senescence. The misregulation of lncRNAs interrupting normal biological processes has been implicated in tumor formation and metastasis, resulting in cancer. Apoptosis and cell cycle, two main biological phenomena, are highly conserved and intimately coupled mechanisms. Hence, some cell cycle regulators can influence both programmed cell death and cell division. Apoptosis eliminates defective and unwanted cells, and the cell cycle enables cells to replicate themselves. The improper regulation of apoptosis and cell cycle contributes to numerous disorders such as neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases, viral infection, anemia, and mainly cancer. Cellular senescence is a tumor‐suppressing response initiated by environmental and internal stress factors. This phenomenon has recently attained more attention due to its therapeutic implications in the field of senotherapy. In this review, the regulatory roles of lncRNAs on apoptosis, cell cycle, and senescence will be discussed. First, the role of lncRNAs in mitochondrial dynamics and apoptosis is addressed. Next, the interaction between lncRNAs and caspases, pro/antiapoptotic proteins, and also EGFR/PI3K/PTEN/AKT/mTORC1 signaling pathway will be investigated. Furthermore, the effect of lncRNAs in the cell cycle is surveyed through interaction with cyclins, cdks, p21, and wnt/β‐catenin/c‐myc pathway. Finally, the function of essential lncRNAs in cellular senescence is mentioned.
Genetic analysis combined with 3D‐printing assistant surgery in diagnosis and treatment for an X‐linked hypophosphatemia patient
Authors: Jin Jie‐Yuan , Zhang Li‐Yang , Guo Shuai , Tang Ke , Zeng Lei , Xiang Rong , Liang Jie‐Yu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundHypophosphatemia is mainly characterized by hypophosphatemia and a low level of 1alpha,25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D2 (1,25‐(OH)2D2) and/or 1alpha,25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25‐(OH)2D3) in the blood. Previous studies have demonstrated that variants in PHEX and FGF23 are primarily responsible for this disease. Although patients with variants of these two genes share almost the same symptoms, they exhibit the different hereditary pattern, X‐link dominant and autosome dominant, respectively. Three‐dimensional (3D) printing is a method which can accurately reconstruct physical objects, and its applications in orthopedics can contribute to realizing a more accurate surgical performance and a better outcome.MethodsAn X‐linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) family was recruited, with four patients across three generations. We screened candidate genes and filtered a duplication variant in PHEX. Variant analysis and co‐segregation confirmation were then performed. Before the operation of our patient, a digital model of our patient's leg had been rebuilt upon the CT scan data, and a polylactic acid (PLA) model had been 3D‐printed.ResultsA novel duplication PHEX variant c.574dupG (p.A192GfsX20) was identified in a family with XLH. Its pathogenicity was confirmed by the co‐segregation assay and online bioinformatics database. The preoperative plan was made with the help of the PLA model. Then, arch osteotomy and transverse osteotomy were performed under the guidance of the previous simulation. The appearance of the surgical‐intervened leg was satisfactory.ConclusionsThis study identified a novel PHEX variant and showed that 3D printing tech is a very promising approach for corrective osteotomies.
Stabilization of water‐in‐oil emulsions using a wax ester synthesized by a new homemade heterogeneous biocatalyst
Authors: Lisboa Milena Chagas , de Almeida Rodrigues César , Mattedi Silvana , Mendes Adriano Aguiar , Dariva Cláudio , Franceschi Elton , Lima Álvaro Silva , Soares Cleide Mara Faria 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDCetyl palmitate is a wax ester naturally found in sperm whale spermaceti, and it is of importance in the cosmetics industry. International regulations prohibit the sale of sperm whale spermaceti, so it is now being replaced by pure cetyl palmitate obtained by a chemical route or from mixtures based on jojoba oil. Another alternative is to use an enzymatic route for wax ester synthesis. For such a purpose, a new heterogeneous biocatalyst was prepared by our research group via physical adsorption of Burkholderia cepacia lipase on aerogel modified with a protic ionic liquid (IB‐IL‐OPT). Its catalytic activity was compared with that of a biocatalyst prepared using a non‐chemically modified silica aerogel (IB‐Control). The objective of this work was to apply this homemade heterogeneous biocatalyst to cetyl palmitate synthesis via a direct esterification reaction in a solvent system and to test the final product as a stabilizing agent in water‐in‐oil emulsions.RESULTSIB‐IL‐OPT achieved maximum acid conversion of 95–100% under optimal experimental conditions established using a central composite rotational design: biocatalyst concentration of 14.8% (w/w), molar ratio of 1:1.3, 41 °C for 15 h of reaction under continuous mechanical agitation (200 rpm). The IB‐Control gave 58.8% acid conversion in similar conditions. IB‐IL‐OPT was successively reused for four cycles. The wax ester showed potential as a good emulsifier for virgin coconut oil.CONCLUSIONSThe cetyl palmitate obtained via an enzymatic route without further purification showed good emulsifying potential, forming Pickering emulsions. This opens new perspectives for study and applications in the cosmetics industry. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Attitudes and satisfaction of dental faculty toward calibration: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Tabassum Afsheen , Alhareky Muhanad , Madi Marwa , Nazir Muhammad Ashraf 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate attitudes and satisfaction of faculty members about calibration efforts in the undergraduate dental program at Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia.MethodsThe cross‐sectional study included faculty members (n = 75) who participated in calibration exercises for effective assessments in preclinical and clinical courses. The previously validated questionnaire was utilized. The questionnaire was composed of four sections: demographics, faculty members' attitude, quality of calibration efforts, and faculty satisfaction. The satisfaction score of faculty members was calculated and compared with their demographic data. Descriptive statistics included means, standard deviations, frequencies, and proportions. The data were analyzed using an independent sample t‐test and one‐way analysis of variance.ResultsThe response rate was 92% (n = 69). Note that 97% participants agreed that faculty calibration was an important aspect of dental education and 88.10% were willing to attend calibration exercises even if not required by their institution. Most participants (82.1%) agreed students were more satisfied with their clinical education when faculty members were calibrated. In this study, the perception of 85.1% of the participants was that calibration efforts reduced faculty variations. Most participants (73.10%) were satisfied with the quality of faculty calibration exercises in the college. The mean satisfaction score of the sample was 13.21 ± 3.65, which was significantly higher among faculty members with a doctoral degree (13.88 ± 3.64) than those with a master's degree (12.08 ± 3.46) (p = 0.048). The study showed no significant relationship of gender, age, status, and year of experience with faculty's satisfaction with calibration efforts.ConclusionMost faculty members recognized the importance of faculty calibration in dental education and were satisfied with the quality of calibration efforts. Satisfaction with calibration efforts was significantly related to the high education of faculty members.
Performance scanning electron microscopic investigations and elemental analysis of hair of the different animal species for forensic identification
Authors: Madkour Fatma A. , Abdelsabour‐Khalaf Mohammed 
Published: February 2022

AbstractVeterinary forensics have attracted less attention compared with human forensics. Animal hair morphological examination using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and hair mineral analysis using energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (ED‐XRF) provide reference databases for animal hair identification used in forensic investigations. This study was performed on four different animal species: large ruminants (buffalo and cattle), small ruminants (goat and sheep), carnivores (cat and dog), and equines (donkey and horse). The hair scale pattern, scale margin type, and distance between scales were identified. The hair scale pattern was imbricate in large ruminants, goat, and horse; coronal (crown‐like) in carnivores and donkey; and spinous in sheep. The morphometric measurements, including cuticle layer thickness, cuticle scale height, cortex diameter, and hair shaft width were recorded. The highest cuticle thickness was found in horse, and the highest cuticle hair scale was detected in cattle. Moreover, the largest cortex diameter was measured in buffalo, whereas the smallest one was in cat. With regard the content of hair elements, some elements were specific for the hair of certain tested animals, such as bromine in sheep and magnesium and phosphorus in buffalo. In addition, vanadium and titanium were found only in cattle and dog, and the latter element was also detected in sheep. In conclusion, this study provides two techniques for animal hair identification that can be used in forensic investigations.Research highlights
Hair scale pattern was imbricate in (large ruminants, goat, and horse); coronal in (carnivores and donkey); and spinous in (sheep) with different scale margins type.
Hair shaft width in all tested animal species ranged from 23.78 ± 1.24 μm to 85.51 ± 1.14 μm.
The impact of COVID‐19 on consumption poverty in Mozambique
Authors: Barletta Giulia , Castigo Finório , Egger Eva‐Maria , Keller Michael , Salvucci Vincenzo , Tarp Finn 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study assesses the impact of COVID‐19 on household consumption poverty. To predict changes in income and the associated effects on poverty, we rely on existing estimated macroeconomic impacts. We assume two main impact channels: direct income/wage and employment losses. Our simulations suggest that consumption decreased by 7.1%–14.4% and that poverty increased by 4.3–9.9 percentage points in 2020. This points to a reversal of the positive poverty reduction trend observed in previous years. Poverty most certainly increased in the pre‐COVID period due to other shocks, so Mozambique finds itself in a deepening struggle against poverty.
SiC‐based analytical model for gate‐stack dual metal nanowireFETwith enhanced analog performance
Authors: Neeraj  , Goel Anubha , Sharma Shobha , Rewari Sonam , Gupta Radhey Shyam 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper, silicon carbide‐based analytical model for gate‐stack dual metal nanowire field effect transistor (gate‐stack DM NW FET) has been analyzed by solving the 2D Poisson's equation using parabolic approximation method for electric potential, subthreshold current and subthreshold slope. The results have been examined for various silicon carbide film depth and channel length. The results predicted by the analytical model have excellent agreement with simulated results obtained by ATLAS 3D device simulator. A gate‐stack having high k‐dielectric material, that is, Hafnium oxide (HfO2) along with aluminum oxide (Al2O3) has been used. Also, performance characteristics of gate‐stack DM NW FET have been compared with the performance characteristics of nanowire field effect transistor (NW FET), Nanowire field effect transistor (NW FET) (Sic) and dual metal nanowire field effect transistor (DM NW FET) (SiC). It is so proved that our proposed device, that is, gate‐stack DM NW FET (4H‐SiC) exhibits superior performance in terms of drain current (Ids), transconductance (gm), output conductance (gd) and cut off frequency (fT) than the existing devices.
The dominant modes of the long rains interannual variability over Tanzania and their oceanic drivers
Authors: Kebacho Laban Lameck , Chen Haishan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMitigating the impacts of droughts and floods over East Africa (EA) may largely be possible through accurate predictions of the long rains (March–May). Though the close interannual variability between the long rains, Indian and Pacific Oceans has been widely studied, Tanzania's long rain variability remains unclear. This paper examines the Tanzanian long rains dominant modes through an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, and their relationship with winter sea surface temperature (SST) for the period 1951–2018. Correlation and composite analyses were applied to explore the associated mechanisms. The first EOF (EOF1) mode is characterized by negative anomalies over Tanzania. The second EOF (EOF2) mode depicts positive (negative) anomalies over northern (southern) Tanzania. The third EOF (EOF3) mode reveals positive (negative) anomalies over eastern (western) Tanzania. EOF1 is closely related to the SST anomalies (SSTAs) in the southeastern Indian Ocean (SEIO). When the SSTAs are positive, they subsequently linked to upper (lower) level convergence (southeasterly winds) over Tanzania. Associated with this convergence entails a sinking motion, leading to a negative rainfall anomaly. The southeasterly winds indicate an early onset of the southeast monsoon, leading to normal rainfall been recorded. EOF2 is linked to the SSTAs in the central Pacific (CP). Positive SSTAs are related to reversed Walker circulation (WC) over northern Tanzania, while the upper‐level convergence was observed around southern Tanzania. This meridional dipole vertical motion pattern enhances (suppresses) rainfall anomalies. EOF3 is associated with mega El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)‐like SSTAs. The SSTAs are related to eastward shift of WC over the Indian Ocean, and zonal cell over the western Indian Ocean with rising limb is located east of Tanzania. The ascending motion enhances rainfall over eastern Tanzania. Predictions based on the SEIO, CP, and mega ENSO index may significantly support long rains prediction efforts and provide early warning.
Advanced screen printing: Application on microLED tiled display
Authors: Frandoli Gaia , D'Acunzo Marco , Hada Dan , Antoniolli Francesca , Galiazzo Marco 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOne of the suitable applications for microLED technology is on large LED screens, which are recently emerging as new generation of displays. The display is built as a combination of an array of smaller modules (or tiles) in a bottom up approach. On each module, LEDs are mounted on one side of the substrate and are powered by a matrix which is positioned on the opposite substrate face. In this configuration, the active matrix and the scan driver need to be electrically connected. Established manufacturing technologies such as lithography, sputtering and via drilling, used to achieve this connection suffer from low productivity and high costs, so new approaches have been recently investigated. In this work the realization of wrap‐around electrodes by screen printing has been studied, and this technique proves to be competitive with mainstream processes due to high productivity and processing yields.
Heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis in primary lymphedema patients who underwent vascularized lymph node transplantations
Authors: Hsu Shao‐Yun , Lin Chia‐Yu , Cheng Ming‐Huei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundHeparin‐induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (HITT) may result in microsurgical flap failure. This study investigated the outcomes of HITT in primary lymphedema patients who underwent vascularized lymph node transplantations (VLNT).MethodsBetween 2012 and 2019, primary lymphedema patients who underwent VLNTs were retrospectively included. The 4Ts score was used to categorize patients into HITT (scores of 5–7) and non‐HITT (score < 5) groups. Outcome evaluations included the re‐exploration rate, success rate, circumferential differences, cellulitis episodes, and Lymphedema Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (LYMQoL) scores.ResultsTwenty‐six and 15 patients with 31 and 16 VLNTs were included in the HITT and non‐HITT groups, respectively. The HITT group had significantly greater first, second and third re‐exploration rates of 38.7% (12/31), 25.7% (8/31), and 6.5% (2/31) than the non‐HITT group (6.3%, 0%, and 0%, all p < 0.01), respectively. The platelet counts significantly decreased by 21.0% in the HITT group compared with the non‐HITT group (14%) on postoperative Day one (p < 0.01) with a cutoff value of 17% and AUC = 0.88.ConclusionsHITT may cause a high re‐exploration rate of VLNTs in primary lymphedema patients. The 17% reduction in platelets on postoperative day one was an early sign for detecting HITT.
Ultrasound‐Guided Serratus Anterior Plane Block (SAPB) Improves Pain Control in Patients With Rib Fractures
Authors: Kring Randy M. , Mackenzie David C. , Wilson Christina N. , Rappold Joseph F. , Strout Tania D. , Croft Peter E. 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesThe serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) is an ultrasound‐guided compartment block; limited data suggest that it can decrease pain in patients with rib fractures or chest wall pain. We sought to determine the effect of SAPB on pain and incentive spirometry (IS) maximal vital capacity in adult patients with rib fractures.MethodsWe enrolled a prospective sample of adult patients with at least two unilateral rib fractures who were being admitted for pain control. SAPB was performed by trained emergency physicians. Patients reported pain on an 11‐point Numeric Rating Scale at rest and during IS, before, 15, and 60 minutes after SAPB.ResultsMean pain scores decreased by 1.8 (SD 2.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.79–2.81) at 15 minutes and 2.5 (SD 2.69, 95% CI: 1.24–3.76) at 60 minutes. Compared to pre‐block pain scores during IS, mean pain scores decreased by 1.95 (SD 1.99, 95% CI: 1.02–2.88) at 15 minutes and 2.4 (SD 2.42, 95% CI: 1.27–3.53) at 60 minutes. Mean maximum vital capacity increased by 232 mL (SD 406, 95% CI: 36–427) at 60 minutes. Zero SAPB‐attributable complications were identified in the 24 hours post‐enrollment.ConclusionsIn patients with multiple rib fractures, SAPB reduced pain scores at rest and during IS, and increased maximal vital capacity. The SABP may be a safe and effective modality for pain control in trauma patients with multiple rib fractures.
Isocyanoacetylene and cyanoacetylene formation study from C2H2 + CN reaction
Authors: Albernaz Alessandra F. , da Silva Washington B. , Correa Eberth 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the present work, we study the kinetic mechanism of the reaction. The potential energy surface shows two pathways producing HCCNC and HC3N from the C2H2 + CN reaction. The calculated overall rate constants are such that their dependence with respect to the temperature manifests themselves as deviations from the typical Arrhenius behavior. To characterize this situation we use the Aquilanti‐Mundim d‐Arrhenius formula with the aid of the experimental data in the literature to estimate the rate constant for the HCCNC production for the temperature interval of 200–3000 K at 50 Torr of pressure.
Fully Biobased Vitrimers: Future Direction toward Sustainable Cross‐Linked Polymers
Authors: Vidil Thomas , Llevot Audrey 
Published: February 2022

AbstractImproving the sustainability of polymer networks is a crucial challenge in polymer science due to their important role in industry. Their traditional syntheses conflict with several principles of green chemistry as the employed monomers are petroleum‐based, their production involves the use of toxic reagents, and their permanently cross‐linked structures impede their chemical recycling and reshaping. The development of vitrimers represents a unique solution to address the issue of polymer network end‐of‐life by enabling reprocessability while maintaining good thermomechanical properties and solvent resistance. Although over the last decades biomass has proved to be an excellent feedstock for the production of permanently cross‐linked polymers, the field of biobased vitrimers is still in its infancy. In this review, a comprehensive overview of vitrimers synthesized from biobased monomers is presented. The emphasis is set on the compatibility of the biomass structure with the nature of the dynamic covalent chemistry, as well as the sustainability of the synthetic approaches. Implementing renewable feedstocks and recyclability in the production of polymer networks paves the way for the development of the next generation of sustainable materials.
Hot Melt Super Glue: Multi‐Recyclable Polyphenol‐Based Supramolecular Adhesives
Authors: Liu Hanru , Geng Huimin , Zhang Xiaohui , Wang Xu , Hao Jingcheng , Cui Jiwei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe rapid and facile synthesis of hot melt super glue (HMSG) via the formation of adhesive supramolecular networks between catechol or pyrogallol hydroxyl groups (−OH) of polyphenols and repeat units (−CH2CH2O−) of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) based on hydrogen bonds is reported. The adhesion strength of HMSG, processed by heating–cooling of polyphenols and PEG without additional solvents, can be tuned up to 8.8 MPa via changing the molecular weight of PEG and the ratio of hydrogen bonding donors and receptors. The advantages of the reported HMSG lie in the ease and scalability of the assembly process, rapid adhesion on various substrates with excellent processability, resistance of low temperature and organic solvents, and recyclable adhesion strength. The solvent‐free HMSG represents a promising adhesive supramolecular network to expand the versatility and application of polyphenol‐based materials.