bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activity‐Dependent Induction of Younger Biological Phenotypes
Authors: Lissek Thomas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn several mammalian species, including humans, complex stimulation patterns such as cognitive and physical exercise lead to improvements in organ function, organism health and performance, as well as possibly longer lifespans. A framework is introduced here in which activity‐dependent transcriptional programs, induced by these environmental stimuli, move somatic cells such as neurons and muscle cells toward a state that resembles younger cells to allow remodeling and adaptation of the organism. This cellular adaptation program targets several process classes that are heavily implicated in aging, such as mitochondrial metabolism, cell–cell communication, and epigenetic information processing, and leads to functional improvements in these areas. The activity‐dependent gene program (ADGP) can be seen as a natural, endogenous cellular reprogramming mechanism that provides deep insight into the principles of inducible improvements in cell and organism function and can guide the development of therapeutic approaches for longevity. Here, these ADGPs are analyzed, exemplary critical molecular nexus points such as cAMP response element‐binding protein, myocyte enhancer factor 2, serum response factor, and c‐Fos are identified, and it is explored how one may leverage them to prevent, attenuate, and reverse human aging‐related decline of body function.
Molecularly Distorted Local Structure in Bi2CuO4 Oxide to Stabilize Lattice Oxygen for Efficient Formate Electrosynthesis
Authors: Liu Yuanwei , Lou Zhen Xin , Wu Xuefeng , Mei Bingbao , Chen Jiacheng , Zhao Jia Yue , Li Ji , Yuan Hai Yang , Zhu Minghui , Dai Sheng , Sun Chenghua , Liu Peng Fei , Jiang Zheng , Yang Hua Gui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) provides an economically feasible way for converting green energy into valuable chemical feedstocks and fuels. Great progress has been achieved in the understanding and synthesis of oxidized‐based precatalysts; however, their dynamical changes of local structure under operando conditions still hinder their further applications. Here a molecularly distorted Bi2CuO4 precatalyst for efficient CO2‐to‐formate conversion is reported. X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) results and theoretical calculations suggest that the distorted structure with molecularly like [CuO4]6− unit rotation is more conducive to the structural stability of the sample. Operando XAFS and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) results prove that quite a bit of lattice oxygen can remain in the distorted sample after CO2RR. Electrochemical measurements of the distorted sample show an excellent activity and selectivity with a high formate partial current density of 194.6 mA cm−2 at an extremely low overpotential of −400 mV. Further in situ surface‐enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRAS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations illustrate that the retained oxygen can optimize the adsorption of *OCHO intermediate for the enhanced CO2RR performance.
Upper motor neuron signs and early onset gait abnormalities in young children with bi‐allelic VWA1 variants
Authors: Gable Dustin L. , Mo Alisa , Estrella Elicia , Saffari Afshin , Ghosh Partha S. , Ebrahimi‐Fakhari Darius 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBi‐allelic loss‐of‐function variants in Von Willebrand factor type A (VWA1) were recently discovered to lead to an early onset motor neuropathy or neuromyopathy. What makes this discovery particularly notable is the high frequency of one of the VWA1 (NM_022834.5) founder variants, c.62_71dup (p.Gly25ArgfsTer74), which nears 0.01% in European populations, and suggests that there may be a wide spectrum of disease features and severity. Here, we report two cases from nonconsanguineous families in North America that presented in early childhood with lower extremity weakness and prominent foot deformities, and were found to carry bi‐allelic variants in VWA1. We draw focus to upper motor neuron signs and abnormal gait phenotypes as presenting symptoms in VWA1‐related disorder and expand the clinical and molecular spectrum.
Overexpressed PKM2 promotes macrophage phagocytosis and atherosclerosis
Authors: Gai Xiaochen , Liu Fangming , Wu Yuting , Zhang Baohui , Tang Bufu , Shang Kezhuo , Wang Lianmei , Zhang Haihong , Chen Yixin , Yang Shuhui , Deng Weiwei , Li Peng , Wang Jing , Zhang Hongbing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe expression of pyruvate kinase muscle 2 (PKM2) is augmented in macrophages of patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. The role of PKM2 in atherosclerosis is to be determined.MethodsGlobal and myeloid cell‐specific PKM2 knock‐in mice with ApoE−/− background (ApoE−/−, PKM2KI/KI and Lyz2‐cre, ApoE−/−, and PKM2flox/flox) were produced to evaluate the clinical significance of PKM2 in atherosclerosis development. Wild‐type and PKM2 knock‐in macrophages were isolated to assess the function of PKM2 in macrophage phagocytosis. Atherosclerotic mice were treated with PKM2 inhibitor shikonin (SKN) to evaluate the therapeutic potential of PKM2 suppression in atherosclerosis.ResultsOxidized low‐density lipoprotein (oxLDL) upregulated PKM2 in macrophages. PKM2 in return promoted the uptake of oxLDL by macrophages. Overexpressed PKM2 accelerated atherosclerosis in mice. SKN blocked the progress of mouse atherosclerosis.ConclusionsPKM2 accelerates macrophage phagocytosis and atherosclerosis. Targeting PKM2 is a potential therapy for atherosclerosis.
Polyol and polyurethane containing bisphenol‐Z: Synthesis and application for toughening epoxy
Authors: Lee Da Young , Kim Hye Jin , Kim Hyeon‐Gook , Lim Choong‐Sun , Chung Ildoo , Seo Bongkuk 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDespite their excellent properties, epoxy resins have the disadvantage of low toughness. With the aim to improve the toughness of epoxy resin, polyol and polyurethane are synthesized using bisphenol‐Z (BPZ). The synthesized material is dispersed in the epoxy resin and used as a toughening agent. Polyol (modified bisphenol‐Z [MBPZ]‐OH) is synthesized by a ring‐opening polymerization of propylene oxide and caprolactone, and polyurethane (MBPZ‐PU) is synthesized by a one‐shot method using MBPZ‐OH and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI). The effect of MBPZ‐PU on the mechanical strength of the epoxy resin is analyzed by monitoring the flexural and impact characteristics. The addition of the synthesized MBPZ‐PU improves the tensile strength, flexural strength, flexibility, and impact strength of the cured epoxy composite. Field‐emission scanning electron microscopy measurements indicate that the fracture surface had a specific pattern. Thermal properties such as the curing temperature, glass transition temperature (Tg), and modulus are investigated through differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, and thermomechanical analysis. Based on the results, MBPZ‐PU is expected to be applied to a wider field for increasing the toughness of epoxy.
An improved approach to synthesis of Markov jump nonlinear systems with generally uncertain transition rates
Authors: Guo Yafeng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper concentrates on state‐feedback control problem for a kind of Markov jump nonlinear systems with generally uncertain transition rates. The nonlinearity satisfies the sector condition, which is more generic than the ordinary Lipschitz nonlinearity. First, a performance criterion is derived for the closed‐loop systems. Next, based on the proposed performance criterion and a judicious method of using inequalities, a novel controller synthesis method is developed in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Compared with the existing result, the proposed method significantly reduces the conservativeness of the controller synthesis. Finally, a numerical example is provided to show the validity and merit of the developed result.
A primary squamous cell carcinoma of the sigmoid colon in a young patient: A case report and literature review
Authors: Faisal Mohanad , Abdalhadi Ahmed , Karzoun M. Zaki , Mohamed Mohamed Aboagla Suliman , Sharaf Elden Mouhammad Zuhair , Shablak Alaaeldin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractColon cancer is among the most common types of cancer with adenocarcinomas being the most common type. Herein we report a young patient who presented with primary colonic squamous cell carcinoma without risk factors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the youngest patient with such diagnosis worldwide.
Solar Driven Gas Phase Advanced Oxidation Processes for Methane Removal ‐ Challenges and Perspectives
Authors: Zhang Jie , Wang Yuyin , Wang Yun , Bai Yang , Feng Xin , Zhu Jiahua , Lu Xiaohua , Mu Liwen , Ming Tingzhen , de Richter Renaud , Li Wei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMethane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas and the second highest contributor to global warming. CH4 emissions are still growing at an alarmingly high pace. To limit global warming to 1.5 °C, one of the most effective strategies is to reduce rapidly the CH4 emissions by developing large‐scale methane removal methods. The purpose of this perspective paper is threefold. (1) To highlight the technology gap dealing with low concentration CH4 (at many emission sources and in the atmosphere). (2) To analyze the challenges and prospects of solar‐driven gas phase advanced oxidation processes for CH4 removal. And (3) to propose some ideas, which may help to develop solar‐driven gas phase advanced oxidation processes and make them deployable at a climate significant scale.
Screening of Heterogeneous Photocatalysts for Water Splitting
Authors: Schwarze Michael , Thiel Tabea A. , Rana Adeem G. , Yang Jin , Acharjya Amitava , Nguyen Anh Dung , Tameu Djoko Simon , Kutorglo Edith M. , Tasbihi Minoo , Minceva Mirjana , Huseyinova Shahana , Menezes Prashanth , Walter Carsten , Driess Matthias , Schomäcker Reinhard , Thomas Arne 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this contribution, a simple method for the screening of photocatalytic activity of catalyst materials is presented. The method is based on two steps: the immobilization of the photocatalyst and the subsequent testing of their photocatalytic activity, using the gas evolution at the solid‐liquid interface. Up to four catalysts can be tested under the same conditions. The observed gas evolution for selected photocatalysts is consistent with trends reported in the literature from conventional photocatalytic reactors.
Intimal macrophages develop from circulating monocytes during vasculitis
Authors: Stock Angus T , Parsons Sarah , Sharma Varun J , James Fiona , Starkey Graham , D'Costa Rohit , Gordon Claire L , Wicks Ian P 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveVasculitis is characterised by inflammation of the blood vessels. While all layers of the vessel can be affected, inflammation within the intimal layer can trigger thrombosis and arterial occlusion and is therefore of particular clinical concern. Given this pathological role, we have examined how intimal inflammation develops by exploring which (and how) macrophages come to populate this normally immune‐privileged site during vasculitis.MethodsWe have addressed this question for Kawasaki disease (KD), which is a type of vasculitis in children that typically involves the coronary arteries. We used confocal microscopy and flow cytometry to characterise the macrophages that populate the coronary artery intima in KD patient samples and in a mouse model of KD, and furthermore, have applied an adoptive transfer system to trace how these intimal macrophages develop.ResultsIn KD patients, intimal hyperplasia coincided with marked macrophage infiltration of the coronary artery intima. Phenotypic analysis revealed that these ‘intimal macrophages’ did not express markers of resident cardiac macrophages, such as Lyve‐1, and instead, were uniformly positive for the chemokine receptor Ccr2, suggesting a monocytic lineage. In support of this origin, we show that circulating monocytes directly invade the intima via transluminal migration during established disease, coinciding with the activation of endothelial cells lining the coronary arteries.ConclusionsDuring KD, intimal macrophages develop from circulating monocytes that infiltrate the inflamed coronary artery intima by transluminal migration.
Minimally invasive cytologic evaluation leading to the diagnosis of TFE3‐rearranged renal cell carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Gama Alcino , Sukhanova Madina , Choy Bonnie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTFE3‐rearranged renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been categorized as a molecularly defined renal carcinoma in the 2022 WHO classification of tumors as it does not demonstrate a specific genotype–phenotype correlation. However, in order to arrive at the diagnosis, recognition of the broad spectrum of cytologic and histologic features that can be seen in TFE3‐rearranged RCC is important for differential diagnostic consideration. Reported here is the diagnostic workup of a TFE3‐rearranged RCC using very limited tissue sample. The initial evaluation was dependent on the cytomorphologic findings observed on a touch preparation made from the renal mass biopsy, directing appropriate selection of ancillary tests, and leading to a definitive diagnosis.
Prognostic impact of complex karyotype on post‐transplant outcomes of myelofibrosis
Authors: Okada Yosuke , Takenaka Katsuto , Murata Makoto , Shimazu Yutaka , Tachibana Takayoshi , Ozawa Yukiyasu , Uchida Naoyuki , Wakayama Toshio , Doki Noriko , Sugio Yasuhiro , Tanaka Masatsugu , Masuko Masayoshi , Kobayashi Hikaru , Ino Kazuko , Ishikawa Jun , Nakamae Hirohisa , Matsuoka Ken‐ichi , Kanda Yoshinobu , Fukuda Takahiro , Atsuta Yoshiko , Nagamura‐Inoue Tokiko 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChromosomal abnormalities in the role of prognostic factor for transplant patients with myelofibrosis (MF) are not fully investigated. Regarding complex karyotype (CK), we retrospectively analyzed 241 patients with primary and secondary MF who received a first allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Based on an unfavorable karyotype in the Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System, we compared the outcomes in 3 groups: favorable karyotype, unfavorable karyotype including CK (unfavorable‐CK(+)), and unfavorable karyotype not including CK (unfavorable‐CK(–)). Overall survival was significantly shorter in the unfavorable‐CK(+) group (hazard ratio (HR) 2.49, 95% CI: 1.46–4.24, P < 0.001), whereas there was no difference between the unfavorable‐CK(–) group and the favorable group (HR 0.57, 95% CI: 0.20–1.59, P = 0.28). In addition, a significantly higher proportion of patients in the unfavorable‐CK(+) group did not achieve complete remission after HCT (P = 0.007). The cumulative incidence of disease progression was significantly higher in the unfavorable‐CK(+) group (HR 2.5, 95% CI 1.6–3.92, P < 0.001), whereas that in the unfavorable‐CK(–) group was comparable to that in the favorable group (HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.12–1.94, P = 0.31). Further investigations will be needed to clarify the impact of CK on transplant outcomes in MF.
Crowdsourcing homemade facemasks: 772 U.S. health facilities’ responses to personal protective equipment shortages in the first half of 2020
Authors: Ghalachyan Armine , Ivanitskaya Lana V. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeWe examined 772 U.S. health facilities' responses to Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) shortages in the first half of 2020, as they crowdsourced face coverings from volunteer makers to be used as respiratory protection during crisis surge capacity. The purpose was to examine facemask specification requests from health facilities and develop a framework for crowdsourcing last resort PPE.Design/methodology/approachHomemade facemask donation requests from health facilities in 47 states systematically recorded in a public database maintained by public health graduate students at a major U.S. university were analysed. Open coding was used to content analyse facemask types and specifications, intended uses, delivery logistics and donation management strategies.FindingsOur analysis revealed information gaps: Science‐based information was scarce in 2020, leading to improvised specifications for facemask materials and designs. It also revealed the emergence of a crowdsourcing structure: Task specifications for volunteer facemasks makers, delivery logistics, and practical management of donations within the pandemic context. In anticipation of future pandemics and localised PPE shortages, we build on this empirical evidence to propose a framework for crowdsourcing science‐informed facemasks from volunteers. Categorised within (a) logistics and workflow management, (b) task specifications and management, and (c) practical management of contributions functional areas, the framework outlines the required tasks and specifications for crowdsourcing.OriginalityA novel empirically derived framework for crowdsourcing homemade facemasks is proposed, based on empirical analysis and crowdsourcing system design strategies. Our findings and the framework may be used for refining crisis capacity guidelines, as part of strategic planning and preparation for future pandemics that disrupt supply chains and cause shortages in protective equipment.
Experiences of parents of children with psychiatric disorder from Covid‐19 pandemic and its related quarantine: A qualitative study
Authors: Samani Nastaran , Davari Ashtiani Rozita , Kheradmand Ali , Arabgol Fariba 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionOwing to the considerable mortality caused by Covid‐19, different countries have made some decisions for dealing with this virus, one of which was quarantine. It was shown that a range of behavioral and emotional changes may exacerbate in children while staying more at home, and parents may then experience these positive or negative behavioral changes. The present study was conducted to examine the experiences of families with children with psychiatric disorders in a psychiatric outpatient clinic in Iran.MethodThe phenomenological method, which is a qualitative approach, was used in this study. The population was the parents of children with psychiatric disorders referred to the pediatric psychiatric clinic of Imam Hossein Hospital. Sampling was purposeful, which continued until data saturation. Finally, the number of included participants reached 14. As well, the Colaizzi method was used for data analysis.ResultsThe results of this study included 12 secondary codes and 10 tertiary codes, which were divided into three main thematic groups as follows: effective factors for improving behavior, effective factors for worsening behavior, and affective factors on creating a new behavior during quarantine.ConclusionIn conclusion, quarantine, social restrictions, closure of schools, and online classes can affect the mental health status of children and adolescents in different ways, especially in children with a history of psychiatric disorders.
Skilled maternal healthcare and good essential newborn care practice in rural Bangladesh: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Jamee Ahsan Rahman , Kumar Sen Kanchan , Bari Wasimul 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsEssential newborn care (ENC) practices play an important role in reducing the risk of infant mortality and morbidity. Therefore, more studies are needed on ENC practices. Skilled maternal healthcare can be a good strategy to increase the practice. Learn about the independent and joint effects of skilled maternal healthcare during pregnancy and childbirth on newborn care practices.MethodsThe study used a cross‐sectional data obtained from Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, 2019. To investigate the association between maternal healthcare utilization and good ENC practice (cord care, delayed bathing, and immediate breast‐feeding), χ2 test and t‐test in bivariate and binary logistic regression analysis, respectively have been performed after taking into account complex survey design.ResultsOnly about 24% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 22.95%–25.89%) women given birth at home in rural Bangladesh followed good newborn care practice. The results obtained from adjusted regression analysis showed that a woman was 24%, 49%, and 75% more likely of having good ENC practice if she received four or more skilled checkups during antenatal period only (adjusted odds ratios [AOR]: 1.24, 95% CI: 0.97, 1.60), received assistance from SBA during delivery only (AOR: 1.49, 95% CI 1.12, 1.97) and received skilled healthcare in both pregnancy and delivery (AOR: 1.75, 95% CI 1.13, 2.71), respectively compared to a woman who did not get an opportunity to receive skilled healthcare during pregnancy and delivery. Among the selected confounders, maternal age at birth, birth order, education of household heads and religion showed a significant association with good ENC practice.ConclusionThe study revealed that proper maternal healthcare during pregnancy and childbirth from skilled health personnel can improve the rate of ENC practices. For this, more training programs should be started, especially at the community level, and health promotion activities are needed to create awareness about efficient maternal healthcare practices.
MicroRNA‐520c‐3p impacts sphingolipid metabolism mediating PI3K/AKT signaling in NSCLC: Systems perspective
Authors: Gulhane Pooja , Singh Shailza 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIncreasing research suggests that sphingolipid metabolism is essential for the progression and metastasis of cancer. The underlying mechanistic insight into the dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism affecting pathways is poorly investigated. As a result, the goal of the current study was to glean knowledge from the systems biology approach to investigate how the sphingolipid metabolism affects the signal transduction network in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common type of cancer in terms of occurrence and death globally. Our paper includes system‐level models representing the diseased and healthy states elucidating that sphingolipids and its enzymes mediate PI3K/AKT pathway. Notably, its activation of downstream signaling mediators has led to cancer growth. Considering the critical role of sphingolipids in NSCLC, our study advocates the target CERS6 which can be potentially inhibited using hsa‐miR‐520c‐3p to combat NSCLC for future precision medicine.