bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Randomized Comparison of the Healing Response Between the Firehawk Stent and the Xience Stent in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction at 6 Months of Follow-Up (TARGET STEMI OCT China Trial): An Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Authors: He Yuan , Wang Rutao , Liu Jianzheng , Li Fei , Li Jiayi , Li Chengxiang , Zhou Jingyu , Zhao Zhijing , Yang Wangwei , Mou Fangjun , Wang Jing , Kan Jing , Li Xiaobo , Li Yan , Zheng Ming , Chen Shaoliang , Gao Chao , Tao Ling 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe healing response of the Firehawk stent in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains unclear.AimWe compared the vascular healing of a biodegradable polymer sirolimus-eluting stent (Firehawk) vs. a durable polymer everolimus-eluting stent (Xience) at 6 months after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with STEMI.MethodsIn this prospective, multicenter, randomized, non-inferiority study, patients within 12 h of STEMI onset were randomized in a ratio of 1:1 to receive Firehawk or Xience stents. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) follow-up was performed 6 months after the index procedure and assessed frame by frame. The primary endpoint was the neointimal thickness (NIT) at 6 months evaluated by OCT. The safety endpoint was target lesion failure (TLF) at 12 months.ResultsThe Firehawk stent was non-inferior to the Xience stent in terms of the neointimal thickness (73.03 ± 33.30 μm vs. 78.96 ± 33.29 μm; absolute difference: −5.94 [one-sided 95% lower confidence bound: −23.09]; Pnon−inferiority &lt; 0.001). No significant difference was observed between the Firehawk and Xience groups regarding the percentage of uncovered struts (0.55 [0.08, 1.32]% vs. 0.40 [0.21, 1.19]%, P = 0.804), the percentage of malapposed struts (0.17 [0.00, 1.52]% vs. 0.17 [0.00, 0.69]%, P = 0.662), and the healing score (1.56 [0.23, 5.74] vs. 2.12 [0.91, 3.81], P = 0.647). At 12 months, one patient in the Firehawk group experienced a clinically indicated target lesion revascularization. No other TLF events occurred in both groups. Independent risk factors of the NIT included body mass index, hyperlipidemia, B2/C lesions, thrombus G3–G5, thrombus aspiration, and postdilation pressure.ConclusionIn patients with STEMI, Firehawk was non-inferior to Xience in vascular healing at 6 months. Both stents exhibited nearly complete strut coverage, moderate neointimal formation, and minimal strut malapposition.Clinical Trial NumberNCT04150016.
Alternate Day Fasting Improves Endothelial Function in Type 2 Diabetic Mice: Role of Adipose-Derived Hormones
Authors: Cui Jian , Lee Sewon , Sun Yan , Zhang Cuihua , Hill Michael A. , Li Yuhang , Zhang Hanrui 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionIntermittent fasting, including alternate day fasting (ADF), has grown in popularity as it can produce clinically significant metabolic benefits and is often considered to be easier to adhere to than other types of diets such as chronic calorie restriction. However, the effects of ADF on diabetes-associated vascular dysfunction, and the role of adipose-derived hormones, i.e., adipokines, in mediating its effects, remain largely unknown.ObjectiveWe aimed to test the hypothesis that ADF protects against diabetes-associated endothelial dysfunction, at least partly through modulating adipokine profiles.MethodsControl mice (m Leprdb) and diabetic mice (Leprdb) were treated with 12-weeks of ADF. Glucose metabolism, endothelial function, and adipokine profile were assessed.ResultsADF reduced fasting blood glucose level and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and improved insulin sensitivity. ADF improved endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation of small mesenteric arteries (SMA) of Leprdb mice. The improvement in endothelial function was largely attenuated by incubation with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, L-NAME. These ADF-induced metabolic and vascular benefits were accompanied by increased circulating adiponectin. Adenovirus-mediated adiponectin supplementation improved endothelial function in Leprdb mice, supporting endothelial protective roles in diabetes-associated endothelial dysfunction. Protein tyrosine nitration is a post-translational modification that serves as a marker of oxidative stress. Nitrotyrosine protein levels in SMA and mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) were elevated in Leprdb mice. ADF reduced nitrotyrosine protein in SMA, but not in MAT, of Leprdb mice.ConclusionADF exerts metabolic and endothelial protective benefits. The improvement of endothelial function was partly mediated by increased adiponectin, representing an important mechanism for the beneficial vascular effects resulting from ADF.
Using Innovation-Corps (I-Corps™) Methods to Adapt a Mobile Health (mHealth) Obesity Treatment for Community Mental Health Settings
Authors: Haddad Rita , Badke D'Andrea Carolina , Ricchio Amanda , Evanoff Bradley , Morrato Elaine H. , Parks Joseph , Newcomer John W. , Nicol Ginger E. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundWe employed Innovation Corps (I-Corps™) methods to adaptation of a mobile health (mHealth) short-message-system (SMS) -based interactive obesity treatment approach (iOTA) for adults with severe mentall illness receiving care in community settings.MethodsWe hypothesized “jobs to be done” in three broad stakeholder groups: “decision makers” (DM = state and community clinic administrators), “clinician consumers” (CC = case managers, peer supports, nurses, prescribers) and “service consumers” (SC = patients, peers and family members). Semistructured interviews (N = 29) were recorded and transcribed ver batim and coded based on pragmatic-variant grounded theory methods.ResultsFour themes emerged across groups: education, inertia, resources and ownership. Sub-themes in education and ownership differed between DM and CC groups on implementation ownership, intersecting with professional development, suggesting the importance of training and supervision in scalability. Sub-themes in resources and intertia differed between CC and SC groups, suggesting illness severity and access to healthy food as major barriers to engagement, whereas the SC group identified the need for enhanced emotional support, in addition to pragmatic skills like menu planning and cooking, to promote health behavior change. Although SMS was percieved as a viable education and support tool, CC and DM groups had limited familiarity with use in clinical care delivery.ConclusionsBased on customer discovery, the characteristics of a minimum viable iOTA for implementation, scalability and sustainability include population- and context-specific adaptations to treatment content, interventionist training and delivery mechanism. Successful implementation of an SMS-based intervention will likely require micro-adaptations to fit specific clinical settings.
Deciphering Obesity-Related Gene Clusters Unearths SOCS3 Immune Infiltrates and 5mC/m6A Modifiers in Ossification of Ligamentum Flavum Pathogenesis
Authors: Zhang Baoliang , Yuan Lei , Chen Guanghui , Chen Xi , Yang Xiaoxi , Fan Tianqi , Sun Chuiguo , Fan Dongwei , Chen Zhongqiang 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundOssification of ligamentum flavum (OLF) is an insidious and debilitating heterotopic ossifying disease with etiological heterogeneity and undefined pathogenesis. Obese individuals predispose to OLF, whereas the underlying connections between obesity phenotype and OLF pathomechanism are not fully understood. Therefore, this study aims to explore distinct obesity-related genes and their functional signatures in OLF.MethodsThe transcriptome sequencing data related to OLF were downloaded from the GSE106253 in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The obesity-related differentially expressed genes (ORDEGs) in OLF were screened, and functional and pathway enrichment analysis were applied for these genes. Furthermore, protein-protein interactions (PPI), module analysis, transcription factor enrichment analysis (TFEA), and experiment validation were used to identify hub ORDEGs. The immune infiltration landscape in OLF was depicted, and correlation analysis between core gene SOCS3 and OLF-related infiltrating immune cells (OIICs) as well as 5mC/m6A modifiers in OLF was constructed.ResultsNinety-nine ORDEGs were preliminarily identified, and functional annotations showed these genes were mainly involved in metabolism, inflammation, and immune-related biological functions and pathways. Integrative bioinformatic algorithms determined a crucial gene cluster associated with inflammatory/immune responses, such as TNF signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling. Eight hub ORDEGs were validated, including 6 down-regulated genes (SOCS3, PPARG, ICAM-1, CCL2, MYC, and NT5E) and 2 up-regulated genes (PTGS2 and VEGFA). Furthermore, 14 differential OIICs were identified by ssGSEA and xCell, and SOCS3 was overlapped to be the core gene, which was associated with multiple immune infiltrates (dendritic cells, macrophage, and T cells) and six m6A modifiers as well as four 5mC regulators in OLF. Reduced SOCS3 and FTO expression and up-regulated DNMT1 level in OLF were validated by Western blotting.ConclusionThis study deciphered immune/inflammatory signatures of obesity-related gene clusters for the first time, and defined SOCS3 as one core gene. The crosstalk between 5mC/m6A methylation may be a key mediator of SOCS3 expression and immune infiltration. These findings will provide more insights into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets of obesity-related OLF.
Aboveground Carbon Fixation and Nutrient Retention in Temporary Spontaneous Cover Crops in Olive Groves of Andalusia
Authors: Torrús-Castillo Milagros , Domouso Pablo , Herrera-Rodríguez José M. , Calero Julio , García-Ruiz Roberto 
Published: June 2022

In Southern Spain, olive trees have traditionally been cultivated in marginal areas with relatively shallow and bare soils under rainfed conditions, resulting in heavy soil losses and soil degradation. The implementation of temporary spontaneous cover crops in the inter-rows of olive groves, has proven to be a suitable diversification strategy to reduce soil erosion but it can also contribute to climate change mitigation and the boosting of internal nutrient recycling. However, information on the contribution of cover crops to atmospheric CO2 fixation and on nutrient retention in olive groves is scarce, which is a major drawback when it comes to modelling on larger spatial scales. In this study, we aimed to assess the potential effects of temporary spontaneous cover crops in olive groves on CO2 fixation and nutrient retention. The aerial biomass of cover crops (0.25m2 frames) and contents of carbon and nitrogen (CNHS analyser), phosphorus and potassium (IPC-MS) were analyzed in 46 commercial olive groves with different tree densities and cover crop layouts; the whole farm (WCC), the whole farm except the area below the tree canopy (CCC) or in bands of a given width in the inter-row area (BCC). Cover crops of 56% of the olive groves were under BCC whereas only 17% were under WCC. The annual net primary production of cover crops under WCC (1,707.4 kg DM ha−1 y−1) was significantly higher than that of CCC (769.5 kg DM ha−1 y−1) and with intermediate values for BCC (1,186.4 kg DM ha−1 y−1). Similarly, the annual rate of C-CO2 fixation in the annual net primary production of olive groves with WCC (642.1 kg C ha−1 y−1) was 1.35 and 2.1 times higher than the olive groves with BCC and CCC, respectively. On average, 19.5 kg N ha−1 y−1, 2.48 kg P ha−1 y−1 and 24.30 kg K ha−1 y−1 was accumulated in the biomass of the cover crops. This study demonstrates that cover crops contribute significantly to CO2 reduction and the retention of significant amounts of tree-unused nutrients. In addition, the higher the area covered by cover crops, the higher the contribution to these ecosystem services.
DNA Metabarcoding of Preservative Ethanol Reveals Changes in Invertebrate Community Composition Following Rotenone Treatment
Authors: Kjærstad Gaute , Majaneva Markus , Falahati-Anbaran Mohsen , Topstad Lasse , Finstad Anders Gravbrøt , Arnekleiv Jo Vegar , Ekrem Torbjørn 
Published: June 2022

The botanical compound rotenone is extensively used to eradicate populations and reduce the negative impacts of freshwater invasive animals. The method is controversial as non-target organisms often are negatively affected, but these effects are highly variable among taxa and may be difficult to monitor on species-level as many invertebrates are challenging or costly to identify using morphology. We investigated the effect of rotenone treatment on freshwater invertebrates in two Nordic lakes using both traditional morphological identification and DNA metabarcoding of the preservative ethanol DNA (peDNA). We used a before-after-control-impact design in assessing the effect of the rotenone treatment, with two treated and two control lakes, all sampled immediately before the rotenone treatment, immediately after and 1 year after the treatment. The two methods of identification gave different results: The peDNA based method detected 333 taxa, while 90 taxa were recorded by morphological identification. Twenty-eight taxa were in common for both methods. Both traditional morphological identification and identification using metabarcoding of peDNA showed a significant effect of the rotenone treatment on invertebrate community composition expressed as Bray-Curtis dissimilarities. Using the results from peDNA, the number of taxa decreased just after the treatment and increased again 1 year after the treatment in the treated lakes, indicating a short-term effect of the treatment and a subsequent recovery of the invertebrate community. We conclude that DNA metabarcoding of preservative ethanol has a promising potential to record effects of anthropogenic stressors such as rotenone treatment. However, as peDNA based metabarcoding missed several taxa, and detected DNA from species not living in the actual sampling sites, the method needs further improvement and should perhaps be used in combination with morphological-based identification until sufficiently refined.
Sandfly Fever Viruses Attenuate the Type I Interferon Response by Targeting the Phosphorylation of JAK-STAT Components
Authors: Moalem Yarden , Malis Yehonathan , Voloshin Konstantin , Dukhovny Anna , Hirschberg Koret , Sklan Ella H. 
Published: June 2022

Sandfly fever viruses are emerging Phleboviruses typically causing mild febrile illness. Some strains, however, can cause severe and occasionally fatal neuro-invasive disease. Like most viruses, Phleboviruses have devised various strategies to inhibit the type I interferon (IFN) response to support a productive infection. Still, most of the strategies identified so far focus on inhibiting the sensing arm of the IFN response. In contrast, the effect of sandfly virus infection on signaling from the IFN receptor is less characterized. Therefore, we tested the effect of sandfly fever virus Naples (SFNV) and Sicily (SFSV) infection on IFN signaling. We found that infection with either of these viruses inhibits signaling from the IFN receptor by inhibiting STAT1 phosphorylation and nuclear localization. We show that the viral nonstructural protein NSs mediates these effects, but only NSs from SFNV was found to interact with STAT1 directly. Thus, we tested the upstream IFN signaling components and found that Janus kinase 1 (Jak1) phosphorylation is also impaired by infection.Furthermore, the NSs proteins from both viruses directly interacted with Jak1. Last, we show that IFN inhibition by SFNV and SFSV is most likely downstream of the IFN receptor at the Jak1 level. Overall, our results reveal the multiple strategies used by these related viruses to overcome host defenses.
Vaccination With Oral Polio Vaccine Reduces COVID-19 Incidence
Authors: Yagovkina Nadezhda V. , Zheleznov Lev M. , Subbotina Ksenia A. , Tsaan Andrey A. , Kozlovskaya Liubov I. , Gordeychuk Ilya V. , Korduban Anastasia K. , Ivin Yury Y. , Kovpak Anastasia A. , Piniaeva Anastasia N. , Shishova Anna A. , Shustova Elena Y. , Khapchaev Yusuf K. , Karganova Galina G. , Siniugina Alexandra A. , Pomaskina Tatiana V. , Erovichenkov Aleksandr A. , Chumakov Konstantin , Ishmukhametov Aydar A. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundEffective response to emerging pandemic threats is complicated by the need to develop specific vaccines and other medical products. The availability of broadly specific countermeasures that could be deployed early in the pandemic could significantly alter its course and save countless lives. Live attenuated vaccines (LAVs) were shown to induce non-specific protection against a broad spectrum of off-target pathogens by stimulating innate immune responses. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of immunization with bivalent Oral Poliovirus Vaccine (bOPV) on the incidence of COVID-19 and other acute respiratory infections (ARIs).Methods and FindingsA randomized parallel-group comparative study was conducted in Kirov Medical University. 1115 healthy volunteers aged 18 to 65 were randomized into two equal groups, one of which was immunized orally with a single dose of bOPV “BiVac Polio” and another with placebo. The study participants were monitored for three months for respiratory illnesses including COVID-19. The endpoint was the incidence of acute respiratory infections and laboratory confirmed COVID-19 in both groups during 3 months after immunization. The number of laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19 was significantly lower in the vaccinated group than in placebo (25 cases vs. 44, p=0.036). The difference between the overall number of clinically diagnosed respiratory illnesses in the two groups was not statistically significant.ConclusionsImmunization with bOPV reduced the number of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases, consistent with the original hypothesis that LAVs induce non-specific protection against off-target infections. The findings are in line with previous observations of the protective effects of OPV against seasonal influenza and other viral and bacterial pathogens. The absence of a statistically significant effect on the total number of ARIs may be due to the insufficient number of participants and heterogeneous etiology of ARIs. OPV could be used to complement specific coronavirus vaccines, especially in regions of the world where the vaccines are unavailable, and as a stopgap measure for urgent response to future emerging infections. Clinical trial registration number NCT05083039 at clinicaltrals.gov https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05083039?term=NCT05083039&amp;draw=2&amp;rank=1
A Discontinuous Individual Growth Model of Swimming Crab Portunus trituberculatus and Its Application in the Nutrient Dynamic Simulation in an Intensive Mariculture Pond
Authors: Dong Shipeng , Xu Xian , Lin Fan , Yu Liye , Shan Hongwei , Wang Fang 
Published: June 2022

Environmental problems such as organic pollution and eutrophication caused by highly intensive mariculture activities constrain the sustainable and healthy development of industry. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify the nutrient dynamics of aquaculture animals in order to reduce the risk of environmental pollution. In this study, a discontinuous individual growth model of Portunus trituberculatus in an intensive mariculture pond of P. trituberculatus–Penaeus japonicus–Sinonovacula constricta was constructed based on a dynamic energy budget theory combined with the index of condition factor. This model better predicted the growth and molting behavior of P. trituberculatus, and an acceptable fit was obtained through model parameterization using the Add-my-Pet (AmP) method (mean relative error = 0.058, symmetric mean squared error = 0.007). Ten molts were simulated over 180 days and generally coincided with the recorded molt time points. Based on this model and P. trituberculatus populations, the dynamic processes of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in ingestion, respiration, excretion, feces, residual feed, dead crabs, seeding, molt, and harvest were simulated. The carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus ingested during the 180-day culture period were 4,938.57 kg ha-1, 1,255.88 kg ha-1, and 244.16 kg ha-1, respectively. Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus removal by harvest accounted for 1.06%, 1.03% and 0.62% of the total ingestion, respectively, while carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus removal by dead crabs accounted for 6.84%, 6.63%, and 4.04%, respectively, and carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus released from residual feed into the water accounted for 41.43% of the total feed. The accurate simulation of molting behavior and nutrient dynamics in this study provides a theoretical basis for molting risk prevention and environmental stress assessment of P. trituberculatus and provides basic modules and data support for the construction of the integrated mariculture ecosystem model.
Analysis of Clinical Features and Next-Generation Sequencing of 12 Tuberous Sclerosis Families in China
Authors: Wang Xu , Wang Wenda , Zhao Yang , Wang Zhan , Zhang Yushi 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundTuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease with systemic organ involvement. So far, only a few TSC families in China have been reported. Therefore, more data on the clinical and genetic features of TSC families are required.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 12 TSC family probands and their family members. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been applied to confirm the type of TSC mutation along with a detailed physical examination.ResultsIn this study, twenty-seven patients in 12 TSC families were reported, including 12 male and 15 female patients, aged 8–67 years. Skin lesions were detected among all patients with TSC, including 25 cases of facial angiofibromas, 18 cases of hypomelanotic macules, 15 cases of ungual fibromas, and 13 cases of shagreen patch. Other clinical features were also revealed: 14 cases of renal angiomyolipoma, 6 cases of subependymal nodules (SENs), and 3 cases of lymphangioleiomyomatosis. All twenty-seven patients with TSC were tested by NGS. Totally, TSC2 mutations were reported in 19 cases (7 frameshift mutations, 10 nonsense mutations, and 2 missense mutations), TSC1 mutations were reported in 4 cases (4 nonsense mutations), and 4 cases were genetically negative. The novel causal mutations (TSC2: c.208dup, c.1874C &gt; G, c.1852del) identified in three families were first reported in TSC.ConclusionOur findings expand the mutation spectrum of patients with TSC in China. The clinical characteristics can vary among patients with TSC with the same pathogenic mutation. The genetic results and summary of clinical features of 12 TSC families contribute to a more accurate diagnosis and further genetic counseling.