bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genesis and Geodynamic Significance of Chromitites from the Fuchuan Ophiolite, Southern China, as Evidenced by Trace Element Fingerprints of Chromite, Olivine and Pyroxene
Authors: WU Jun , LIU Ting , WANG Fangyue 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Fuchuan ophiolite is located in the northeasternmost segment of the Neoproterozoic Jiangnan orogen and consists mainly of harzburgites, with minor dunites, pyroxenite and gabbro veins and dykes. In order to investigate the genesis and tectonic setting of the Fuchuan ophiolite and chromitites, in situ analyses of unaltered chromites and silicates were carried out. Trace element analyses of unaltered chromites from the Fuchuan chromitites indicate the parental magma is of mid‐ocean ridge basalt (MORB)‐like origin, with the Ti/Fe3+#–Ga/Fe3+# diagram of chromites showing that the chromitites are a result of melt/rock interaction of MORB melts with mantle peridotites, and that the Fuchuan harzburgites present the dual features of MORB and supra‐subduction zone peridotites (SSZP). Trace and rare earth element (REE) analyses of olivines and orthopyroxenes from the Fuchuan harzburgites hint at the possibility of mantle metasomatism influenced by SSZ‐subducted fluids. Finally, integrating with previous study, the Fuchuan ophiolite and chromitites might have been formed in a back‐arc spreading ridge between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks during the Neoproterozoic.
Single cell‐ and spatial ‘Omics revolutionize physiology
Authors: Conrad Thomas , Altmüller Janine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSingle cell multi‐ ‘Omics and Spatial Transcriptomics are prominent technological highlights of recent years, and both fields still witness a ceaseless firework of novel approaches for high resolution profiling of additional omics layers. As all life processes in organs and organisms are based on the functions of their fundamental building blocks, the individual cells and their interactions, these methods are of utmost worth for the study of physiology in health and disease. Recent discoveries on embryonic development, tumor immunology, the detailed cellular composition and function of complex tissues like for example the kidney or the brain, different roles of the same cell type in different organs, the oncogenic program of individual tumor entities, or the architecture of immunopathology in infected tissue are based on single cell and spatial transcriptomics experiments. In this review, we will give a broad overview of technological concepts for single cell and spatial analysis, showing both advantages and limitations, and illustrate their impact with some particularly impressive case studies.
Brain magnetic resonance imaging and histopathology findings in a dog with global brain ischaemia following cardiopulmonary arrest
Authors: Goh J , Eramanis LM , Milne M , Stent A , Boller M 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundGlobal brain ischaemia following cardiopulmonary arrest is uncommonly reported in veterinary medicine yet neurologic injury after arrest is a known morbidity.Case reportAn 18‐week‐old male entire Cavalier King Charles Spaniel‐Poodle was referred following 3 days of neurologic abnormalities after cardiopulmonary arrest. After resuscitation, the animal had decerebrate rigidity, a stuporous mentation and intermittent episodes of vocalisation and apnoea. A brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was undertaken 4 days after cardiopulmonary arrest, with standard sequences (T1‐weighted, T2‐weighted and fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery) as well as diffusion‐weighted imaging to better discern ischaemic injury and cytotoxic oedema for prognostic reasons. MRI findings were consistent with global brain ischaemia affecting the hippocampus, cerebellum and substantia nigra, the latter two not previously identified in canine cases of global brain ischaemia. The patient was euthanased on day eight post‐cardiopulmonary arrest due to a lack of neurological improvement and developing sepsis as a complication. Ante‐mortem identification of affected areas of the brain was confirmed on histological examination, with evidence of ischaemic injury seen in the cerebrum, hippocampus, cerebellum, basal nuclei and thalamus.ConclusionThis report describes ante‐mortem MRI and postmortem findings in a dog with global brain ischaemia following cardiopulmonary arrest. A multimodal approach to neuroprognostication in patients recovering from cardiopulmonary arrest is recommended.
Effect of acquisitions on target firms' stakeholder welfare: Evidence from corporate social responsibility
Authors: Choi Gunae , Kim Tae‐Nyun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study examines whether acquirers support targets' superior corporate social responsibility (CSR) and/or remedy targets' greater CSR problems during the post‐merger integration process using multinomial logit and panel regression models. Furthermore, the study examines the subsequent impact of the acquirers' decision regarding target stakeholder welfare on acquisition performance based on the post‐announcement performance of stock returns. Consequently, we find that acquirers generally do not adopt the superior CSR performance of target firms but instead support their better environmental and product CSR. However, the acquirers do not remedy any of the target's greater CSR problems. This study also reveals that the acquirers supporting targets' superior overall CSR have higher post‐announcement stock returns than others. Meanwhile, post‐announcement stock returns are lower when acquirers fail to fix the targets' greater CSR problems. As this study extends findings from recent scholarship reporting a positive association between CSR and acquisition performance, it sheds light on the importance of stakeholders' welfare in mergers and acquisitions.
Chronic prurigo
Authors: Misery Laurent 
Published: June 2022

Summary

Chronic prurigo is a distinct disease defined by the presence of chronic pruritus for at least 6 weeks, a history and/or signs of repeated scratching, and multiple localized or generalized pruritic skin lesions (whitish or pinkish papules, nodules and/or plaques). Although chronic prurigo is frequently named prurigo nodularis, the nodular type of chronic prurigo is only the main clinical aspect of chronic prurigo. Chronic prurigo occurs due to neural sensitization to pruritus and the development of a vicious pruritus–scratching cycle. Chronic prurigo can be of allergological, dermatological, systemic, neurological, psychiatric/psychosomatic, mixed or undetermined origin. The prevalence is still debated. The burden is high. Current treatments often remained disappointing. Fortunately, recent research results on the pathophysiology of pruritus evidenced neuroimmune interactions and allow new therapeutic perspectives. Among them, antagonists of T-helper 2 cytokines, κ-opioids and Janus kinase inhibitors may be promising.
What is already known about this topic? Chronic prurigo or prurigo nodularis is poorly known by dermatologists and the definition was rather vague until recently.
What does this study add? This review provides a summary of the recent developments of nosology and research (from basic research to epidemiology and clinical research), and current and near-future management are then discussed.
Long term tolerability and clinical outcomes associated with tocilizumab in the treatment of refractory antibody mediated rejection (AMR) in pediatric renal transplant recipients
Authors: Pearl Meghan , Weng Patricia L. , Chen Lucia , Dokras Aditi , Pizzo Helen , Garrison Jonathan , Butler Carrie , Zhang Jennifer , Reed Elaine F , Kim Irene K. , Choi Jua , Haas Mark , Zhang Xiaohai , Vo Ashley , Chambers Eileen Tsai , Ettenger Robert , Jordan Stanley , Puliyanda Dechu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTreatment options for antibody‐mediated rejection (AMR) are limited. Recent studies have shown that inhibition of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6)/interleukin‐6 receptor (IL‐6R) signaling can reduce inflammation and slow AMR progression.MethodsWe report our experience using monthly tocilizumab (anti‐IL6R) in 25 pediatric renal transplant recipients with AMR, refractory to IVIg/Rituximab. From January 2013 to June 2019, a median (IQR) of 12 (6.019.0) doses of tocilizumab were given per patient. Serial assessments of renal function, biopsy findings, and HLA DSA (by immunodominant HLA DSA [iDSA] and relative intensity score [RIS]) were performed.ResultsMedian (IQR) time from transplant to AMR was 41.4 (24.367.7) months, and time from AMR to first tocilizumab was 10.6 (8.317.6) months. At median (IQR) follow up of 15.8 (8.435.7) months post‐tocilizumab initiation, renal function was stable except for 1 allograft loss. There was no significant decrease in iDSA or RIS. Follow up biopsies showed reduction in peritubular capillaritis (p = .015) and C4d scoring (p = .009). The most frequent adverse events were cytopenias.ConclusionsTocilizumab in pediatric patients with refractory AMR was well tolerated and appeared to stabilize renal function. The utility of tocilizumab in the treatment of AMR in this population should be further explored.
Identifying and assessing assisted colonisation sites for a frog species threatened by chytrid fungus
Authors: Scheele Ben C. , Brawata Renee L. , Hoffmann Emily P. , Loneragan Rachael , May Sarah , Pierson Jennifer , Sopniewski Jarrod D. , von Takach Brenton 
Published: June 2022

SummaryThe intentional movement of species outside their indigenous range – assisted colonisation – is an emerging tool in conservation. Here, we outline the process developed to identify and assess candidate sites for assisted colonisation of the critically endangered Northern Corroboree Frog (Pseudophryne pengilleyi), a range‐restricted species highly threatened by chytrid fungus. We first investigated the mechanisms associated with the persistence of Northern Corroboree Frog populations with chytrid fungus and then used a combination of desktop and field surveys to identify and assess sites based on habitat suitability, capacity to allow coexistence with chytrid fungus and hydrological properties. Candidate sites were further assessed by comparing environmental and climatic conditions to historical and persisting sites. Together, these methods allowed us to identify a site that appears to be highly suitable for the species. The process outlined here provides a template for assessing assisted colonisation sites for species where ongoing threats rule out recipient sites within their indigenous range.
Different effects of multiscale microstructure on fatigue crack growth path and rate in selective laser melted Ti6Al4V
Authors: Qi Zhao , Wang Bin , Zhang Peng , Liu Riu , Zhang Zhenjun , Zhang Zhefeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDuring the selective laser melting (SLM) process of Ti6Al4V, a special structure can be formed with columnar prior β grains along the building direction and fully martensitic α′ within the β grain. To investigate the influence of such special structure on the fatigue crack growth (FCG) rate, Ti6Al4V specimens fabricated by SLM were heat‐treated at two different temperatures in this study. The columnar grains were retained, and the martensite was decomposed when heat‐treated below the β transus. It is found that all the SLM features were removed when heat‐treated above the β transus. FCG rate tests were subsequently performed at room temperature, and it was found that the prior β grains affected the macroscopic fracture morphology, but there was no discernible influence on the FCG rate. The morphology of the α phase affected the crack growth path and the FCG rate. Changes in the strength‐toughness relationship induced by heat treatment can help understand the decrease in the FCG rate.
Are there differences in the characteristics of patients who respond to gemcitabine plus cisplatin chemotherapy and those who respond to pembrolizumab therapy for metastatic urothelial carcinoma? Multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Shindo Tetsuya , Maehana Takeshi , Tanaka Toshiaki , Hashimoto Kohei , Kobayashi Ko , Takahashi Atsushi , Hotta Hiroshi , Kunishima Yasuharu , Taguchi Keisuke , Tachiki Hitoshi , Ito Naoki , Matsukawa Masanori , Kato Ryuichi , Miyamoto Shintaro , Hinotsu Shiro , Masumori Naoya 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesTo evaluate factors to predict overall survival of metastatic urothelial carcinoma patients treated with gemcitabine plus cisplatin chemotherapy or pembrolizumab therapy.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated two metastatic urothelial carcinoma cohorts treated with (i) gemcitabine plus cisplatin or (ii) pembrolizumab. The gemcitabine plus cisplatin cohort was treated from December 2005 through December 2014 while the pembrolizumab cohort was treated from January 2018 through December 2020. Using multivariate analyses, we evaluated the risk factors for overall survival in each cohort and compared them. None of the gemcitabine plus cisplatin cohort patients were treated with pembrolizumab. All patients in the pembrolizumab cohort were treated with prior platinum‐based chemotherapy.ResultsThere were 184 patients in the gemcitabine plus cisplatin cohort and 91 in the pembrolizumab cohort. The mean follow‐up periods were 714 and 284 days, respectively. In multivariate analysis, the risk factors for overall survival in the gemcitabine plus cisplatin cohort were liver metastasis, worse Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (1 or more), no primary site resection, and a high prognostic index (1 or more). In the pembrolizumab cohort, liver metastasis, bone metastasis, and worse Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group‐performance status (1 or more), and high prognostic index (1 or more) were the risk factors for overall survival. In the pembrolizumab cohort, patients with a complete response or partial response during prior platinum‐based chemotherapy had better overall survival with the following pembrolizumab treatment than those with stable or progressive disease (P = 0.004).ConclusionsConsidering the similarity of these risk factors in two sequential treatments, it may be possible to predict the response to pembrolizumab according to the response to prior chemotherapy.
Actividades esenciales, trabajo a distancia y vigilancia digital. Estrategias para hacer frente al panóptico de la pandemia de COVID‐19
Authors: ALOISI Antonio , DE STEFANO Valerio 
Published: June 2022

ResumenLa expansión de la vigilancia digital a raíz de la COVID‐19 ha reconfigurado las relaciones de poder en los entornos profesionales. Aquí se analiza críticamente la interacción entre esa vigilancia intrusiva y la ampliación de las prerrogativas empresariales en el lugar de trabajo físico y digital. Con la supervisión excesiva como denominador común de las actividades «esenciales» y «distanciables», se estudian los inconvenientes para ambas categorías de trabajadores durante la pandemia (y después). Se evalúa la idoneidad del marco jurídico de la Unión Europea para abordar la gestión basada en datos. El diálogo social, el empoderamiento de los trabajadores y la alfabetización digital se consideran formas eficaces de promover la flexibilidad, el bienestar y la competitividad.
Assessing resource‐based theory in ecotourism management: The case of Sebangau National Park, Indonesia
Authors: Rhama Bhayu , Kusumasari Bevaola 
Published: June 2022

AbstractResource‐based theory (RBT) has been widely used in strategic management, but only few studies apply it in the field of ecotourism. This research examines RBT in national park development in Indonesia in order to develop strategies and increase competitive advantage. Through an assessment using RBT, this study identifies and evaluates the management of Sebangau National Park (SNP) that has been known as one of the peatland national parks in the world and has been managed with the concept of ecotourism. The assessment was conducted on resources and capabilities using the methods of literature study, observations, interviews, and focus group discussions. This qualitative method targeted all actors except tourists, owing to the small sample size and hierarchical nature of the sample [including village heads, local government officials, and non‐governmental organization (NGO) leaders]. The result shows that the education and training of human resources at SNP remains focused on conservation issues; consequently, it has been difficult to maximize benefit to society. This study also shows that the challenges facing the development of ecotourism in SNP are interrelated and rooted in the problem of limited resources in the region. This paper makes a theoretical contribution by applying RBT to network‐shaped stakeholders.
Biovalorization of spent Konacha tea leaves via single-culture fermentation involving wine yeasts and lactic acid bacteria
Authors: Tang Vivien Chia Yen , Sun Jingcan , Pua Aileen , Goh Rui Min Vivian , Huang Yunle , Ee Kim-Huey , Lassabliere Benjamin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Aims
The objective of this study was to explore the potential of fermentation as a biovalorization strategy for spent tea leaves (STL), a major agrifood waste generated from the tea extraction industry. Fermentation by wine yeasts or lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has shown promising results in previous studies across various substrates.

Methods and Results
Konacha (green tea) STL slurries were inoculated with single strains of wine yeasts or LAB respectively. After a 48-h fermentation, changes in selected nonvolatile and volatile compositions were evaluated. Fermentation by LAB increased organic acid content by 5- to 7-fold (except Lactobacillus fermentum) and modulated the composition of major tea catechins, whereas wine yeast fermentation resulted in a 30% increase in amino acid content. Strain-specific production of specific volatile compounds was also observed such as butanoic acid (L. fermentum), isoamyl acetate (Pichia kluyveri) and 4-ethylphenol (L. plantarum).

Conclusions
Both volatile and nonvolatile compound compositions of Konacha STL were successfully modified via wine yeast and LAB fermentation.

Significance and Impact of Study
Our findings indicate that Konacha STL is a suitable medium for biovalorization by wine yeasts or LAB via the generation of commercially useful volatile and nonvolatile compounds. Future optimizations could further render fermentation an economically viable strategy for the upcycling of STL.
Prevalence of sarcopenia and mortality rate in older adults with hip fracture
Authors: Kim Hong Seok , Park Jung‐Wee , Lee Young‐Kyun , Yoo Jun‐Il , Choi Yang‐Seon , Yoon Byung‐Ho , Ha Yong‐Chan , Koo Kyung‐Hoi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundSeveral international study groups adopted appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) index adjusted by (1) height squared, (2) weight, and (3) body mass index (BMI) in the diagnosis of sarcopenia. However, different prevalence rates of sarcopenia by each index and clinical implications were not well known. The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in (1) the percentage of sarcopenia in hip fracture patients and (2) the relative mortality rate according to the sarcopenia criteria of three ASM indices.MethodsBetween January 2009 and December 2020, 1003 older adult hip fracture patients at a tertiary institution were eligible and retrospectively reviewed for this study. Based on the ASM measured on dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry, three indices were calculated, and sarcopenia was diagnosed. The proportion of sarcopenia was evaluated according to each index. One, two, and five‐year mortality rates were compared between each sarcopenia group and a normal musculature group, based on ASM criteria.ResultsThe proportion of sarcopenia patients differed according to three ASM indices. The proportion of sarcopenic patients by ASM/height2 index was higher than those of the other two indices in both male and female hip fracture patients. In male patients, 61% were sarcopenic by ASM/height2 index, 37% by ASM/weight index, and 44% by ASM/BMI index. In female patients, 26%, 11%, and 14% were sarcopenic, respectively. Among the three indices, only ASM/height2 had significant correlations with all 1‐, 2‐, and 5‐year mortality rates.Conclusions and ImplicationsThe prevalence of sarcopenia in hip fracture patients differed substantially according to ASM indices. Sarcopenic hip fracture patients had a higher mortality rate than those with normal musculature. The 1‐year, 2‐year, and 5‐year mortality rates were discriminated by ASM/height2 criteria in both men and women. Future prospective studies in a larger cohort are warranted.
A lifelong struggle for a lighter tomorrow: A qualitative study on experiences of obesity in primary healthcare patients
Authors: Imhagen Annika , Karlsson Jan , Jansson Stefan , Anderzén‐Carlsson Agneta 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo describe experiences of living with obesity before the start of a group‐based lifestyle intervention.BackgroundObesity is a chronic disease that affects a person's physical and psychological health. Increased knowledge of experiences of living with obesity is required.DesignA qualitative study with a descriptive design.MethodsSemi‐structured individual interviews with 17 participants living with obesity (Body Mass Index 32–49) were conducted between October and November 2019. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The COREQ checklist was followed.ResultsThe analysis resulted in one main theme: Struggling for a lighter tomorrow and three subthemes: Suffering, Resilience and Need for support in making changes. For the majority of the participants, living with obesity was a lifelong struggle involving suffering on different levels. Yet despite this, the participants had not given up and hoped for a better life. They showed a degree of resilience and motivation, and a perceived ability to achieve lifestyle changes. However, there was a pronounced need for support to help them achieve this.ConclusionLiving with obesity is complex and carries a risk of medical complications as well as psychosocial suffering. Healthy lifestyle habits to achieve better health and to lose weight should be encouraged, taking patient resources into account. Patients also need help in handling weight stigmatisation, and both healthcare professionals and society must engage with this.Relevance to clinical practiceObesity is a chronic disease, and patients need ongoing support. Therefore, care for patients with obesity in primary health care must be further developed. Patient resources and strengths have to be acknowledged and encouraged in the process of helping them adopt healthy lifestyle habits. The findings of this study can contribute to ending weight stigmatisation by increasing the knowledge of living with obesity.