bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic test accuracy of an automated device for the MALDI target preparation for microbial identification
Authors: Cherkaoui Abdessalam , Riat Arnaud , Renzi Gesuele , Fischer Adrien , Schrenzel Jacques 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Copan Colibrí™ against the manual preparation of the MALDI targets. We analyzed 416 (31 different species) non-duplicate strains covering the most important species identified in clinical routine. We also assessed the intra-strain repeatability between the comparable methods. We then analyzed the performance of this new method after implementation in routine on 12,253 aerobic bacterial isolates and yeasts, encompassing a total of 42 different species. Among the 416 strains analyzed, 6.3% (26/416) and 10.8% (45/416) had a score value < 2 when processed by the Colibri™ and manual method, respectively. Only 5.9% (9/152) of the Gram positive rods and cocci had a score values < 2 by the Colibri™ versus 20.4% (31/152) by the manual method. We confirmed that this relative superiority observed for the Colibri™ was due primarily in the use of the formic acid protocol. For the Gram-negative bacteria, the results of both methods were comparable; 6.6% (17/256) and 4.7% (12/256) had a score value < 2 by the Colibri™ and the manual method, respectively. After implementation in routine, the results according to the Biotyper score cut-off values were distributed as follows: < 1.70: 2.5% (304/12,253), 1.70–1.79: 1.9% (227/12,253), 1.80–1.89: 3.1% (377/12,253), 1.90–1.99: 6.7% (825/12,253), and ≥ 2: 85.9% (10,520/12,253). The Colibrí™ coupled to MALDI-TOF/MS revealed good performances and higher intra-strain repeatability as compared to the manual preparation of the MALDI targets.
Modelling site response at regional scale for the 2020 European Seismic Risk Model (ESRM20)
Authors: Weatherill Graeme , Crowley Helen , Roullé Agathe , Tourlière Bruno , Lemoine Anne , Gracianne Cécile , Kotha Sreeram Reddy , Cotton Fabrice 
Published: December 2022

AbstractQuantitative estimation of seismic risk over a region requires both an underlying probabilistic seismic hazard model and a means to characterise shallow site response over a large scale. The 2020 European Seismic Risk Model (ESRM20) builds on the 2020 European Seismic Hazard Model (ESHM20), requiring additional information to firstly parameterise the local site condition across all of Europe, and subsequently determine its influence on the prediction of seismic ground motion. Initially, a harmonised digital geological database for Europe is compiled, alongside a model of topographic/bathymetric elevation and a database of 30 m averaged shearwave velocity measurements ($$V_{S30}$$VS30), in order to produce separate 30 arc-second maps of inferred$$V_{S30}$$VS30based on topography and on geology. We then capitalise on a large database of seismic recording stations in Europe for which site-to-site ground motion residuals ($$\delta S2S_{S}$$δS2SS) have been determined with respect to the shallow crustal ground motion model used in the ESHM20. These residuals allow us to incorporate site amplification functions into the European GMM calibrated upon either observed or inferred$$V_{S30}$$VS30, or on the European geology and topography models. We present the resulting pan-European seismic site amplification model and assess its impact on seismic hazard and risk compared against other approaches. The new site amplification model fulfils the requirements of the ESRM20 and, providing uncertainty is fully propagated, yields estimates of seismic hazard and risk at a large space scale that may be comparable to other methods often applied at local/urban scale where better-constrained site information is available.
A combined differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry approach for the effective assessment of drug substance-excipient compatibility
Authors: Rojek Barbara , Wesolowski Marek 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDifferential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a tool particularly recommended for rapid compatibility screening between active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and excipients, whereas thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), a complementary technique to DSC, is primarily used to assess the thermal stability of APIs and excipients. Both DSC and TGA data can be converted using multivariate statistical methods, which are profitable tools in the detection of compatibility between ingredients. Principal component analysis (PCA) enables identification of compatibility by grouping samples into two clusters in a PCA score plot: acetazolamide and mixture with its highest content, and optionally a 1:1 mixture form one cluster, excipient and mixture with its highest quantity, and optionally a 1:1 mixture the second. Any variation from the arrangement of samples in the abovementioned clusters indicates incompatibility. By using cluster analysis, compatibility can be determined by four clusters, the first consisting of API, the second of groups mixture at the ratio of 7:3 and the third of two mixtures at ratios of 3:7 and 1:1, with the excipient in the remaining fourth cluster. Generally, the combination of DSC and TGA techniques with advanced statistical methods is favorable for the qualitative assessment of compatibility in acetazolamide mixtures with excipients such as mannitol, meglumine, lactose, magnesium stearate, β-cyclodextrin, chitosan, methylcellulose, starch 1500 and PVP K-30. In addition, PXRD revealed that acetazolamide retains its crystalline form after mixing. Accordingly, incompatibilities in acetazolamide mixtures can be attributed to chemical reactions.
Respiratory functions and health risk assessment in inhalational exposure to vinyl acetate in the process of carpet manufacturing using Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Khoshakhlagh Amir Hossein , Saberi Hamid Reza , Gruszecka-Kosowska Agnieszka , Kumar Vikas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVinyl acetate (VA) is a volatile compound and the main compound of the carpenter’s glue. VA causes upper respiratory tract irritation, cough, and hoarseness in occupational exposure. As Iran is one of the biggest carpet producers in the world, this study was carried out to determine the inhalational health risk for employees exposed to VA. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first health risk assessment and the first evaluation of the lung functions and respiratory symptoms in employees exposed to VA. In the six finishing shops of carpet manufacturing industry in Kashan city, Iran the cross-sectional studies were conducted in 2022. The subjects comprised of forty male employees exposed to VA and of forty non-exposed employees in the reference group. VA analyses in the workers’ breathing zones were performed based on the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) 1453 Method. VA concentrations were measured using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). Inhalational risk assessment to VA was performed using the United States Environmental Protection Agency method and the Monte Carlo simulations. Respiratory functions were determined using the spirometry indices. In the exposed employees, considerably higher prevalence rates of pulmonary symptoms were observed in comparison with the control group. Statistical analysis showed a remarkable difference between lung function parameters measured in the case and the control groups. The VA Hazard Quotient (HQ) values for all working posts, except the quality control unit, were > 1 indicating the substantial inhalational non-cancerogenic risk. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the VA concentrations and exposure time had the most significant contribution in the uncertainty assessment. Therefore, it is recommended to decrease exposure to VA concentrations and to reduce the working time of exposed employees.
Comparative assessment of force, temperature, and wheel wear in sustainable grinding aerospace alloy using biolubricant
Authors: Cui Xin , Li Changhe , Zhang Yanbin , Ding Wenfeng , An Qinglong , Liu Bo , Li Hao Nan , Said Zafar , Sharma Shubham , Li Runze , Debnath Sujan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe substitution of biolubricant for mineral cutting fluids in aerospace material grinding is an inevitable development direction, under the requirements of the worldwide carbon emission strategy. However, serious tool wear and workpiece damage in difficult-to-machine material grinding challenges the availability of using biolubricants via minimum quantity lubrication. The primary cause for this condition is the unknown and complex influencing mechanisms of the biolubricant physicochemical properties on grindability. In this review, a comparative assessment of grindability is performed using titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, and high-strength steel. Firstly, this work considers the physicochemical properties as the main factors, and the antifriction and heat dissipation behaviours of biolubricant in a high temperature and pressure interface are comprehensively analysed. Secondly, the comparative assessment of force, temperature, wheel wear and workpiece surface for titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, and high-strength steel confirms that biolubricant is a potential replacement of traditional cutting fluids because of its improved lubrication and cooling performance. High-viscosity biolubricant and nano-enhancers with high thermal conductivity are recommended for titanium alloy to solve the burn puzzle of the workpiece. Biolubricant with high viscosity and high fatty acid saturation characteristics should be used to overcome the bottleneck of wheel wear and nickel-based alloy surface burn. The nano-enhancers with high hardness and spherical characteristics are better choices. Furthermore, a different option is available for high-strength steel grinding, which needs low-viscosity biolubricant to address the debris breaking difficulty and wheel clogging. Finally, the current challenges and potential methods are proposed to promote the application of biolubricant.
Konfliktmanagement von interpersonellen und Intragruppenkonflikten in virtuellen Sitzungsformaten – Eine explorative Studie
Authors: Birkmann Marleen 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Bildung virtueller Teams nimmt durch die Digitalisierung, Internationalisierung sowie die pandemische Lage stetig zu. Dies bringt viele Vorteile, aber auch ein gesteigertes Konfliktpotenzial mit sich. Folglich gewinnen Konfliktmanagementstrategien für virtuelle Sitzungsformate zunehmend an Relevanz. Im Folgenden wird ein praxisrelevanter Handlungsleitfaden für virtuelles Konfliktmanagement dargelegt. Dabei wird deutlich, dass es von besonderer Bedeutung ist, eine realitätsnahe Begegnungssituation durch Videokonferenzen, die Ausschöpfung der technischen Möglichkeiten sowie die verstärkte Kommunikation der eigenen Wahrnehmung und Emotionen, zu schaffen.
Bridging finite element and deep learning: High-resolution stress distribution prediction in structural components
Authors: Bolandi Hamed , Li Xuyang , Salem Talal , Boddeti Vishnu Naresh , Lajnef Nizar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFinite-element analysis (FEA) for structures has been broadly used to conduct stress analysis of various civil and mechanical engineering structures. Conventional methods, such as FEA, provide high fidelity results but require the solution of large linear systems that can be computationally intensive. Instead, Deep Learning (DL) techniques can generate results significantly faster than conventional run-time analysis. This can prove extremely valuable in real-time structural assessment applications. Our proposed method uses deep neural networks in the form of convolutional neural networks (CNN) to bypass the FEA and predict high-resolution stress distributions on loaded steel plates with variable loading and boundary conditions. The CNN was designed and trained to use the geometry, boundary conditions, and load as input to predict the stress contours. The proposed technique’s performance was compared to finite-element simulations using a partial differential equation (PDE) solver. The trained DL model can predict the stress distributions with a mean absolute error of 0.9% and an absolute peak error of 0.46% for the von Mises stress distribution. This study shows the feasibility and potential of using DL techniques to bypass FEA for stress analysis applications.
CCN2/CTGF promotes liver fibrosis through crosstalk with the Slit2/Robo signaling
Authors: Pi Liya , Sun Chunbao , Jn-Simon Natacha , Basha Sreenivasulu , Thomas Haven , Figueroa Victoria , Zarrinpar Ali , Cao Qi , Petersen Bryon 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLiver fibrosis is the common outcome of many chronic liver diseases, resulting from altered cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions that promote hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and excessive matrix production. This study aimed to investigate functions of cellular communication network factor 2 (CCN2)/Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), an extracellular signaling modulator of the CYR61/CTGF/Nov (CCN) family, in liver fibrosis. Tamoxifen-inducible conditional knockouts in mice and hepatocyte-specific deletion of this gene in rats were generated using the Cre-lox system. These animals were subjected to peri-central hepatocyte damage caused by carbon tetrachloride. Potential crosstalk of this molecule with a new profibrotic pathway mediated by the Slit2 ligand and Roundabout (Robo) receptors was also examined. We found that Ccn2/Ctgf was highly upregulated in periportal hepatocytes during carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatocyte damage, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in mice and rats. Overexpression of this molecule was observed in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that were surrounded with fibrotic cords. Deletion of the Ccn2/Ctgf gene significantly reduced expression of fibrosis-related genes including Slit2, a smooth muscle actin (SMA) and Collagen type I during carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice and rats. In addition, Ccn2/Ctgf and its truncated mutant carrying the first three domains were able to interact with the 7th -9th epidermal growth factor (EGF) repeats and the C-terminal cysteine knot (CT) motif of Slit2 protein in cultured HSC and fibrotic murine livers. Ectopic expression of Ccn2/Ctgf protein upregulated Slit2, promoted HSC activation, and potentiated fibrotic responses following chronic intoxication by carbon tetrachloride. Moreover, Ccn2/Ctgf and Slit2 synergistically enhanced activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and AKT in primary HSC, whereas soluble Robo1-Fc chimera protein could inhibit these activities. These observations demonstrate conserved cross-species functions of Ccn2/Ctgf protein in rodent livers. This protein can be induced in hepatocytes and contribute to liver fibrosis. Its novel connection with the Slit2/Robo signaling may have therapeutic implications against fibrosis in chronic liver disease.
Reuse, Reduce, Support: Design Principles for Green Data Mining
Authors: Schneider Johannes , Seidel Stefan , Basalla Marcus , vom Brocke Jan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper reports on a design science research (DSR) study that develops design principles for “green” – more environmentally sustainable – data mining processes. Grounded in the Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) and on a review of relevant literature on data mining methods, Green IT, and Green IS, the study identifies eight design principles that fall into the three categories of reuse, reduce, and support. The paper develops an evaluation strategy and provides empirical evidence for the principles’ utility. It suggests that the results can inform the development of a more general approach towards Green Data Science and provide a suitable lens to study sustainable computing.
Predicting the degradation of reactive red-147 dye in textile wastewater using response surface methodology technique
Authors: Helmy Mohamed , Hegazy Mohamed , Mohamed Abdullah , Hassan Khalid 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe human health, aquatic life and environment are greatly affected by the existence of industrial waste in water especially the textile dye. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are considered more effective in removing the toxic pollutants from the waste water in comparison with traditional biological, physical and chemical processes. The later have the limitations of high energy requirement, cost and production of secondary pollutants during the treatment process. AOPs received significant attentions to eliminate the recalcitrant dyes from the aqueous environment owing to the production of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals produced via light irradiation. This study focused on using the response surface methodology (RSM) to evaluate its prediction and optimizing capability in the deployment of AOPs in removing obstinate pollutants from industrial waste water. The data were obtained from the existing literature related to the decomposition of textile dye [reactive red (RR-147)] under UV illumination in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the photocatalyst, i.e., titanium dioxide (TiO2). The influence of different process parameters like dye concentration, pH of the solution, H2O2 contents, UV illumination time and photocatalyst were studied on dye removal percentage. The input parameters for efficient removal process were optimized using developed RSM models. Four different scenarios were created to see the effect of selected parameters while keeping the remaining process parameters maintained at fixed values. The predicted results depicted that the dye removal percentage was mainly affected by the tested variables, as well as their synergistic effects which was observed compliant with the experimental results. Performance analysis of the developed RSM models showed a high coefficient of determination value significantly higher than R2 = 0.99), thus guaranteed a satisfactory prediction equations of the second-order regression models. The observed results showed that for 50 ppm dye concentration, H2O2 0.9 ml, pH 3.4, TiO2 0.6 g and UV irradiation time 60 min, the maximum breakdown of 92% was observed. The degradation of the RR-147 dye is tested to be more effectively accomplished by the UV/H2O2/TiO2 system.
Draft Genome of White-Blotched River Stingray Provides Novel Clues for Niche Adaptation and Skeleton Formation
Authors: Zhou Jingqi , Liu Ake , He Funan , Zhang Yunbin , Shen Libing , Yu Jun , Zhang Xiang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The white-blotched river stingray (Potamotrygon leopoldi) is a cartilaginous fish native to the Xingu River, a tributary of the Amazon River system. As a rare freshwater-dwelling cartilaginous fish in the Potamotrygonidae family in which no member has the genome sequencing information available, P. leopoldi provides the evolutionary details in fish phylogeny, niche adaptation, and skeleton formation. In this study, we present its draft genome of 4.11 Gb comprising 16,227 contigs and 13,238 scaffolds, with contig N50 of 3937 kb and scaffold N50 of 5675 kb in size. Our analysis shows that P. leopoldi is a slow-evolving fish that diverged from elephant sharks about 96 million years ago. Moreover, two gene families related to the immune system (immunoglobulin heavy constant delta genes and T-cell receptor alpha/delta variable genes) exhibit expansion in P. leopoldi only. We also identified the Hox gene clusters in P. leopoldi and discovered that seven Hox genes shared by five representative fish species are missing in P. leopoldi. The RNA sequencing data from P. leopoldi and other three fish species demonstrate that fishes have a more diversified tissue expression spectrum when compared to mammals. Our functional studies suggest that lack of the gc gene encoding vitamin D-binding protein in cartilaginous fishes (both P. leopoldi and Callorhinchus milii) could partly explain the absence of hard bone in their endoskeleton. Overall, this genome resource provides new insights into the niche adaptation, body plan, and skeleton formation of P. leopoldi, as well as the genome evolution in cartilaginous fishes.
The Risk-Based Approach of the European Union’s Proposed Artificial Intelligence Regulation: Some Comments from a Tort Law Perspective
Authors: Chamberlain Johanna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHow can tort law contribute to a better understanding of the risk-based approach in the European Union’s (EU) Artificial Intelligence Act proposal and evolving liability regime? In a new legal area of intense development, it is pivotal to make the best use possible of existing regulation and legal knowledge. The main objective of this article is thus to investigate the relationship between traditional tort law principles, with a focus on risk assessments, and the developing legislation on artificial intelligence (AI) in the EU. The article offers a critical analysis and evaluation from a tort law perspective of the risk-based approach in the proposed AI Act and the European Parliament resolution on a civil liability regime for AI, with comparisons also to the proposal for a revised and AI-adapted product liability directive and the recently proposed directive on civil liability for AI. The discussion leads to the illumination of both challenges and possibilities in the interplay between AI, tort law and the concept of risk, displaying the large potential of tort law as a tool for handling rising AI issues.
Intense harmonic generation driven by a relativistic spatiotemporal vortex beam
Authors: Zhang Lingang , Ji Liangliang , Shen Baifei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Spatiotemporal optical vortex (STOV) pulses carrying purely transverse intrinsic orbital angular momentum (TOAM) are attracting increasing attention because the TOAM provides a new degree of freedom to characterize light–matter interactions. In this paper, using particle-in-cell simulations, we present spatiotemporal high-harmonic generation in the relativistic region, driven by an intense STOV beam impinging on a plasma target. It is shown that the plasma surface acts as a spatial–temporal-coupled relativistic oscillating mirror with various frequencies. The spatiotemporal features are satisfactorily transferred to the harmonics such that the TOAM scales with the harmonic order. Benefitting from the ultrahigh damage threshold of the plasma over the optical media, the intensity of the harmonics can reach the relativistic region. This study provides a new approach for generating intense spatiotemporal extreme ultraviolet vortices and investigating STOV light–matter interactions at relativistic intensities.
Linguistic Hybridization in the Emergence of Creoles
Authors: Mufwene Salikoko S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this article I show how ubiquitous hybridity is in cultures. It is enabled by layers of population movements and contacts since the dispersal ofHomo sapiensout of Africa around 50,000 years ago. I demonstrate how hybridization has proceeded in the emergence of creole language varieties and show that the same process has also driven, for instance, the emergence and differential evolution of English and the speciation of Vulgar Latin into the Romance languages. Differences in outcomes are determined by the specificities of the contact ecologies, including population structure, differences in the demographic proportions of the populations in contact and power relations between them, as well as patterns of population growth, among other factors. I argue that hybridity is not unique to languages. It is conspicuous in other domains of culture, including cuisine, music, clothing fashions, and technologies, for example. I submit a uniformitarian approach inspired by evolutionary biology to better understand how hybridization occurs.