bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical efficacy and effectiveness of alternative varicella vaccination strategies: An overview of reviews
Authors: Ahern Susan , Walsh Kieran A. , Paone Simona , Browne John , Carrigan Marie , Harrington Patricia , Murphy Aileen , Teljeur Conor , Ryan Máirín 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA number of countries have implemented universal childhood varicella vaccination programmes over the past 30 years. However, strategies differ in terms of dosing schedule (one‐ or two‐dose), type of vaccine(s) recommended (monovalent, quadrivalent measles‐mumps‐rubella‐varicella, or both), age at vaccination, and dosing interval for a two‐dose schedule. An overview of reviews was undertaken to assess the existing systematic review evidence of the clinical efficacy/effectiveness of alternative varicella vaccination strategies. A comprehensive search of databases, registries and grey literature was conducted up to 2 February 2022. Two reviewers independently screened, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality of included reviews. A total of 20 reviews were included in the overview; 17 assessed the efficacy/effectiveness of one‐dose strategies and 10 assessed the efficacy/effectiveness of two‐dose strategies. Although the quality of most reviews was deemed ‘critically low’, there was clear and consistent evidence that vaccination is very effective at reducing varicella. While the analysis was restricted due to lack of detail in reporting of the reviews, the evidence suggests that two‐dose strategies are more efficacious/effective than one‐dose strategies in preventing varicella of any severity, but that both strategies have similar high efficacy/effectiveness in preventing moderate or severe varicella. Based on this evidence in this overview of reviews, a key consideration for policymakers on the possible introduction of a childhood varicella vaccination programme and the choice between a one‐ or two‐dose strategy, will be whether the objective of a programme is to prevent varicella of any severity or to prevent moderate to severe varicella.
Robust consensus control of nonlinear multi‐agent systems based on convergence rate estimation
Authors: Ma Qingwen , Xu Xin , Zhang Ronghua , Xiong Quan , Zhang Xinglong , Zhang Xianjian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractConvergence rate is an important performance criterion for consensus control of multi‐agent systems (MASs). It has been an important and difficult problem to accelerate the convergence rate of MASs. In this article, a robust consensus control scheme based on the convergence rate estimation for a nonlinear high‐order MAS is proposed to accelerate the convergence rate as well as improve the control performance of the MAS. In the proposed control scheme, a novel convergence rate indicator (CRI) is defined to measure the influence of the model nonlinearity, the state couplings within a single agent and among multiple agents in the MAS on convergence rate. Then, a distributed consensus controller with a CRI‐based additive term is designed by the backstepping technique with disturbance observers to enhance the robustness of the closed‐loop system. Furthermore, from a theoretical perspective, the robustness and the stability of the MAS are proved. Finally, the consensus control problem of the multi‐agent control system composed of five single‐link robot arms is simulated to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed consensus control approach with CRI has better performance than conventional backstepping consensus control techniques of the MAS in the same conditions.
Children's multimodal language development from an interactional, usage‐based, and cognitive perspective
Authors: Morgenstern Aliyah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThrough daily exposure to the surrounding input structured in conversations, children's language gradually develops into rich linguistic constructions that contain multiple cross‐modal elements subtly used together for rich communicative functions. Children demonstrate their skills to resort to multiple semiotic resources in their daily interactions and expertly use them according to their expressive needs and communicative intents. Usage‐based (Tomasello, 2003) and cognitive linguistics (Langacker, 1988) as well as construction grammar (Goldberg, 2006) have enriched our comprehension of the processes at work. Those approaches need to be combined to gesture studies (Kendon, 1988; McNeill, 1992) and multimodal approaches (Andren, 2010; Morgenstern, 2014) to fully capture the orchestration of the semiotic resources at play (Cienki, 2012; Müller, 2009). But child language development cannot be understood outside its interactional, dialogic context (Bakhtin, 1981) and without taking into account the role of expert languagers (Vygotsky, 1934) in routines or formats (Bruner, 1975). The first section thus extensively focuses on a productive combination of theoretical approaches and methods, which have been essential to understand child language development, but analyzing child language is also necessary in turn to ground socio‐cognitive and interactional approaches to language. The salient features of the variably multimodal child's development are presented in the second section. The third section illustrates longitudinal pathways into multimodal languaging thanks to detailed analyses of adult‐child interactive sequences.This article is categorized under:
Cognitive Biology > Cognitive Development
Computer Science and Robotics > Natural Language Processing
Linguistics > Language Acquisition
Linguistics > Cognitive Linguistics
Factors influencing the availability of artificial hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis) shelters in North Carolina, USA
Authors: Diaz Lauren , Unger Shem D. , Williams Lori A. , Jachowski Catherine M. Bodinof 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis) is a fully aquatic giant salamander experiencing population declines throughout the eastern United States. Hellbender declines are likely due to a loss of cover and breeding habitat, therefore artificial shelters have been designed for hellbenders to supplement breeding habitat and monitor reproductive success. Although several artificial shelter designs are currently in use throughout the hellbender range, no previous study has compared different designs in the field. We compared three shelter designs (modified boot design with an open bottom, modified boot design with a closed bottom, and a modified hydrodynamic design) to estimate their probability of availability (remaining in place and not obstructed by sediment) to hellbenders during variable stream conditions. We deployed 180 shelters of the three designs (n = 60 each) across six stream reaches in western North Carolina, measured habitat variables at installation points, and monitored shelters for sediment blockage, dislodgement, and hellbender occupancy. Shelter availability averaged 71% across all sampled occasions (67% modified boot closed, 69% modified boot open, 77% modified hydrodynamic). Blockage of shelters by sediment was responsible for the majority (96%) of occasions when shelters were deemed unavailable. Hellbenders rarely (range = 0 to 11% of occasions per site) used artificial shelters which precluded our ability to evaluate hellbender preference among shelter designs. Our findings suggest modified hydrodynamic shelters are slightly more resilient to the stream environment relative to modified boot designs, presumably due to their heavier weight and larger inner chamber. Additionally, our results highlight the need to consider site characteristics such as hellbender density and availability of natural cover before deploying artificial hellbender shelters.
Spinal Cord Stimulation to Enable Leg Motor Control and Walking in People with Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Seáñez Ismael , Capogrosso Marco , Minassian Karen , Wagner Fabien B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts the communication between the brain and the spinal circuits that control movement and integrate sensory feedback, which are usually located below the lesion. The disruption of the different anatomical sources of descending motor control and ascending sensory afferents can result in complete or partial, but permanent motor paralysis. For decades, recovery of motor function after long-standing SCI was thought impossible because of the severe and multi-modal failure of these bidirectional communication pathways. This conclusion was supported by overwhelming and disappointing empirical evidence showing poor recovery in people with chronic (>6 months post-injury), severe SCI despite intensive rehabilitation. However, a recent wave of clinical studies has reported unprecedented outcomes in people with both incomplete and complete SCI, independently demonstrating the long-term recovery of voluntary motor function in the chronic stage after SCI. These studies utilized a combination of intensive rehabilitation and electrical spinal cord stimulation (SCS), which was delivered via epidural multi-electrode arrays implanted between the vertebral bone and the dura mater of the lumbosacral spinal cord. SCS has a long history of applications in motor control, which started soon after its first applications as interventional studies in pain management. To date, SCS has been applied in thousands of individuals with neuromotor disorders ranging from multiple sclerosis to SCI. However, even though the motor-enabling effects of SCS were first observed about half a century ago, the lack of a coherent conceptual framework to interpret and expand these clinical findings hindered the evolution of this technology into a clinical therapy. More importantly, it led to substantial variability in the clinical reports ranging from anecdotal to subjective descriptions of motor improvements, without standardized methods and rigorous statistical analyses. For several decades, these limitations clouded the potential of SCS to promote long-term recovery in individuals with SCI. In this chapter, we present the historical background for the development of SCS to treat motor disorders and its evolution toward current applications for neurorehabilitation in individuals with SCI (Sect. 18.1). We then provide an overview of the conjectured mechanisms of action (Sect. 18.2), and how this collective knowledge has been used to develop SCS into a promising approach to treat motor paralysis after SCI, ranging from tonic stimulation to more sophisticated spatiotemporal protocols (Sect. 18.3). Finally, we open up this review to the recent development of non-invasive methods to deliver SCS, namely transcutaneous SCS, and its comparison with epidural SCS in terms of functional effects and underlying mechanisms (Sect. 18.4).
Impact of first-order phase transitions on dark matter production in the scotogenic model
Authors: Shibuya Hiroto , Toma Takashi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this work, we investigate the effects of first-order phase transitions on the singlet fermionic dark matter in the scotogenic model. It is known that this dark matter candidate tends to conflict with the relevant constraints such as the neutrino oscillation data and charged lepton flavor violating processes if its thermal production mechanism is assumed. We find that the dark matter production mechanisms are modified by first-order phase transitions at some specific parameter regions, where the phase transitions can be one-step or two-step depending on the parameters. If the phase transition is one-step, a sufficiently low nucleation temperature is required to reproduce the observed relic abundance of dark matter. If the phase transition is two-step, the dark matter should never be thermalized, otherwise the abundance would remain too much and overclose the universe. This is because the nucleation temperature cannot be low as in the one-step case. Therefore we require another way of dark matter production, the freeze-in mechanism for the two-step case. We show that the freeze-in mechanism is modified by the temporary vacuum expectation value of the inert scalar field. In both cases, the first-order phase transitions could produce observable gravitational wave spectra. In particular for the one-step phase transition, the generated gravitational waves with sizable energy density are intrinsically correlated with the dark matter production mechanism, and can be detectable by future space-based interferometers.
Classical vs quantum corrections to jet broadening in a weakly-coupled Quark-Gluon Plasma
Authors: Ghiglieri Jacopo , Weitz Eamonn 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The transverse momentum broadening coefficient $$ \hat{q} $$

q
̂

receives both soft, classical and radiative, quantum corrections. The former are responsible for a large $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(g) correction, whereas the latter enter at relative order αs, but are enhanced by a double logarithm of the length of the medium over the thermal wavelength. We analyze radiative corrections for a weakly-coupled quark-gluon plasma. We find that a thermal population of dynamical gluons changes the boundaries and reduces the size of the double-logarithmic phase space. It also provides new subdominant logarithmic corrections. We also show how the quantum, double-logarithmic and classical, soft phase spaces are smoothly connected once the radiated gluon becomes soft enough. Finally, we discuss a pathway to a determination of radiative corrections beyond the harmonic-oscillator approximation.
S-confinements from deconfinements
Authors: Bajeot Stephane , Benvenuti Sergio 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We consider four dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 gauge theories that are S-confining, that is they are dual to a Wess-Zumino model. S-confining theories with a simple gauge group have been classified. We prove all the S-confining dualities in the list, when the matter fields transform in rank-1 and/or rank-2 representations. Our only assumptions are the S-confining dualities for SU(N) with N + 1 flavors and for Usp(2N) with 2N + 4 fundamentals. The strategy consists in a sequence of deconfinements and re-confinements. We pay special attention to the explicit superpotential at each step.
Dynamics of the Painlevé-Ince Equation
Authors: Llibre Jaume 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Painlevé-Ince differential equation $$y'' + 3 y y' + y^3=0$$

y

′
′

+
3
y

y
′

+

y
3

=
0

has been studied from many points of view. Here we complete its study providing its phase portrait in the Poincaré disc.
Large deviations for the interchange process on the interval and incompressible flows
Authors: Kotowski Michał , Virág Bálint 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe use the framework of permuton processes to show that large deviations of the interchange process are controlled by the Dirichlet energy. This establishes a rigorous connection between processes of permutations and one-dimensional incompressible Euler equations. While our large deviation upper bound is valid in general, the lower bound applies to processes corresponding to incompressible flows, studied in this context by Brenier. These results imply the Archimedean limit for relaxed sorting networks and allow us to asymptotically count such networks.
Tool life prognostics in CNC turning of AISI 4140 steel using neural network based on computer vision
Authors: Bagga Prashant J. , Makhesana Mayur A. , Darji Pranav P. , Patel Kaushik M. , Pimenov Danil Yu , Giasin Khaled , Khanna Navneet 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
One of the essential requirements for intelligent manufacturing is the low cost and reliable predictions of the tool life during machining. It is crucial to monitor the condition of the cutting tool to achieve cost-effective and high-quality machining. Tool conditioning monitoring (TCM) is essential to determining the remaining useful tool life to assure uninterrupted machining to achieve intelligent manufacturing. The same can be done by direct and indirect tool wear measurement and prediction techniques. In indirect methods, the data is acquired from the sensors resulting in some ambiguity, such as noise, reliability, and complexity. However, in direct methods, the data is available in images resulting in significantly less chances of ambiguity with the proper data acquisition system. The direct methods, which provide higher accuracy than indirect methods, involve collecting images of worn tools at different stages of the machining process to predict the tool life. In this context, a novel tool wear prediction system is proposed to examine the progressive tool wear utilizing the artificial neural network (ANN). Experiments were performed on AISI 4140 steel material under dry cutting conditions with carbide inserts. The cutting speed, feed, depth of cut, and white pixel counts are considered as input parameters for the proposed model, and the flank wear along with remaining tool life is predicted as the output. The worn tool images were captured using an industrial camera during the turning operation at regular intervals. The ANN training set predicts the remaining useful tool life, especially the sigmoid function and rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation function of ANN. The sigmoid function showed an accuracy of 86.5%, and the ReLU function resulted in 93.3% accuracy in predicting tool life. The proposed model’s maximum and minimum root mean square error (RMSE) is 1.437 and 0.871 min. The outcomes showcased the ability of image processing and ANN modeling as the potential approach for developing a low-cost industrial tool condition monitoring system that can measure tool wear and predict tool life in turning operations.
The asymptotics of the area-preserving mean curvature and the Mullins–Sekerka flow in two dimensions
Authors: Julin Vesa , Morini Massimiliano , Ponsiglione Marcello , Spadaro Emanuele 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe provide the first general result for the asymptotics of the area preserving mean curvature flow in two dimensions showing that flat flow solutions, starting from any bounded set of finite perimeter, converge with exponential rate to a finite union of equally sized disjoint disks. A similar result is established also for the periodic two-phase Mullins–Sekerka flow.
Resolving singularities of curves with one toric morphism
Authors: de Felipe Ana Belén , González Pérez Pedro D. , Mourtada Hussein 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe give an explicit positive answer, in the case of reduced curve singularities, to a question of B. Teissier about the existence of a toric embedded resolution after reembedding. In the case of a curve singularity (C, O) contained in a non singular surface S such a reembedding may be defined in terms of a sequence of maximal contact curves of the minimal embedded resolution of C. We prove that there exists a toric modification, after reembedding, which provides an embedded resolution of C. We use properties of the semivaluation space of S at O to describe how the dual graph of the minimal embedded resolution of C may be seen on the local tropicalization of S associated to this reembedding.
New terbium complex as a luminescent probe for determination of chlorogenic acid in green coffee and roasted coffee infusions
Authors: Yegorova Alla , Skrypynets Yuliia , Leonenko Inna , Duerkop Axel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGreen coffee is coming into vogue as a food that contains remarkable contents of antioxidants like chlorogenic acid (ChA) and induces mild stimulation to the consumer. While most methods for determination of ChA require chromatographic separation prior its quantitation, we present the first probe and a simple, sensitive and validated luminescence method for the determination of chlorogenic acid in green and roasted coffee infusion samples that does not require a chromatographic separation. ChA can remarkably quench the luminescence intensity of the Tb3+ complex with 1-(furan-2-ylmethyl)-4-hydroxy-N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline-3-carboxamide (R3) in aqueous solution containing urotropine buffer at a near neutral pH 7.5 at λexc = 315 nm and λem = 545 nm. Under optimal conditions, the quenching of the luminescence intensity is directly proportional to the concentration of ChA in the range of 0.5–30 μg/mL, and the detection limit is 180 ng/mL. From measurements of luminescence decay time, it was determined that both static and dynamic quenching is induced upon coordination of ChA to Tb-R3. The related quenching constants are KS = 5.97∙104 M−1 and KD = 1.05⋅104 M−1. Finally, the method was applied successfully to the determination of ChA in real green and roasted coffee infusion samples and validated by HPLC to yield very closely matching concentrations of both methods. Therefore, this method can serve for a simple quality control of total ChA contents in coffee prior and after roasting.
Graphical Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis of lentil protein concentrate for modification of physicochemical and techno-functional properties
Authors: Vogelsang-O’Dwyer Martin , Sahin Aylin W. , Bot Francesca , O’Mahony James A. , Bez Juergen , Arendt Elke K. , Zannini Emanuele 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe effects of hydrolysis by commercial food-grade proteases on the physicochemical and techno-functional properties of lentil protein concentrate were investigated. Lentil protein concentrate was hydrolysed with Alcalase, Novozym 11028 or Flavourzyme, and a control was prepared without enzyme addition under the same conditions. Differences in specificity between the three proteases were evident in the electrophoretic protein profile, reversed-phase HPLC peptide profile, and free amino acid composition. Alcalase and Novozym were capable of extensively degrading all the major protein fractions. Alcalase or Novozym treatment resulted in considerably higher solubility under acidic conditions compared to the control. Flavourzyme treatment resulted in moderately improved solubility in the acidic range, but slightly lower solubility at pH 7. Alcalase treatment resulted in slightly larger particle size and slightly higher viscosity. The foaming properties of the protein concentrate were not significantly affected by hydrolysis. Increased solubility in acidic conditions with hydrolysis could broaden the range of food and beverage applications for lentil protein concentrate.
Discontinuities Cause Essential Spectrum
Authors: Butterley Oliver , Canestrari Giovanni , Jain Sakshi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe study transfer operators associated to piecewise monotone interval transformations and show that the essential spectrum is large whenever the Banach space bounds$$L^\infty $$L∞and the transformation fails to be Markov. Constructing a family of Banach spaces we show that the lower bound on the essential spectral radius is optimal. Indeed, these Banach spaces realise an essential spectral radius as close as desired to the theoretical best possible case.
An Elementary Proof of Phase Transition in the Planar XY Model
Authors: van Engelenburg Diederik , Lis Marcin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUsing elementary methods we obtain a power-law lower bound on the two-point function of the planar XY spin model at low temperatures. This was famously first rigorously obtained by Fröhlich and Spencer (Commun Math Phys 81(4):527–602, 1981) and establishes a Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless phase transition in the model. Our argument relies on a new loop representation of spin correlations, a recent result of Lammers (Probab Relat Fields, 2021) on delocalisation of general integer-valued height functions, and classical correlation inequalities.