bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Impact of Sintering Temperature on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of FeCoMo Tool Steel
Authors: Lu Shiteng , Hu Qipeng , Ge Xueyuan , Wang Peng , Kuang Ya , Gao Lei , Xu Yifei , Lu Lei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
An experimental investigation has been conducted to ascertain the influence of sintering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of FeCoMo tool steels. The findings reveal that elevated sintering temperatures accelerate the growth and induce an uneven distribution of the μ phase. This phenomenon adversely affects the three-point bending strength, causing a reduction, and simultaneously increasing hardness. Notably, the data highlights 1, 170°C as the optimal sintering temperature for preserving microstructural uniformity, correlating with a hardness of 534 HV and an impressive three-point bending strength of 1, 354 MPa.
Influence of different heat treatment processes on micro-structure and properties of high strength low alloy steel
Authors: Zhang Minghao , Li Xianjun , Luo Ping , Zhang Wenliang , Sun Chaoyang , An Weicheng , Yang Siyuan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
To improve the strength and toughness of high strength low alloy steel, conventional quenching and tampering, bainite austempering, quenching&partitioning were conducted. The mechanical properties of the high strength low alloy steel obtained from each of the above heat treatment processes were analyzed through the evolution of microstructure. The results indicated that, compared with the quenching & tempering and bainite austempering process, toughness value was improved by 24~26% through quenching & partitioning process. Meanwhile, the tensile and yield strength value decreased slightly. The improvement in properties is related to the different decomposition amounts of austenite.
Effect of laser power on the organization and properties of CoCrMo/TiC composite coatings
Authors: Sun Huanming , Wang Di , Zhao Hui , Gong Xun , Du Chunyan , Yi Xiaohao , Qu Ning 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
To examine how the power of the laser affects the structure and characteristics of the fused cladding layer, this paper used four laser powers to prepare the CoCrMo/Tic alloy fused cladding layer on the TC4 surface. The structure and characteristics of the cladding layer were investigated using laser power in an X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, energy spectrometer, and micro Vickers hardness tester. The results show that the CoCrMo/TiC composite coating prepared by laser cladding is mainly FCC solid solution phase; the organization consists primarily of equiaxed and dendritic crystals, and the BCC phase is evident at laser powers greater than 2200 W; as laser power increases, the cladding layer’s macroscopic surface is brilliant and smooth, devoid of any visible flaws; the coating’s hardness first drops and then rises as laser power increases, and the cladding layer’s hardness is 744 HV0.2 at 2000 W, which is the maximum value of 744 HV0.2 at 2000 W. The maximum value is 744 HV0.2, or 2.3 times the substrate’s hardness.
Weibull distribution analysis of fracture toughness of ductile cast iron for large-scale spent nuclear fuel transportation containments
Authors: Jiang Yu , Pan Jun , Ma Li , Su Xihui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The fracture toughness of ductile cast iron for large-scale spent nuclear fuel transportation containments was investigated and statistically analyzed by the methodology of Weibull distribution. The fracture toughness data of specimens at different locations (top and nesting parts) were obtained by conducting fracture toughness tests. The two-parameter Weibull distribution was utilized for statistical analysis to verify the applicability of the method for the fracture toughness of the specific domestic material, and also to determine the satisfaction of the requirement for the fracture toughness of the vessels with a large cross-section in ultimate low temperature conditions.
Foaming study of polyurethane insulation for cold storage based on aspen plus
Authors: Zhang Xiangsong , Zhang Yonglin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Based on a polyurethane high-pressure foaming device, the process of synthesizing polyurethane from isocyanate (-NCO) and polyether polyol (-OH) under the catalytic effect of various additives was simulated. Using the Aspen Plus software platform, a flow model of the polyurethane high-pressure foaming process was established. The effects of isocyanate index, reaction temperature, catalyst mixing ratio, and other factors on the polyurethane process were investigated. The sensitivity analysis of the data was carried out by Energy Analyzer, and the optimized process operating parameters were obtained: isocyanate index R=1.15, reactor temperature of 60°C, and catalysts DMCHA and T-12 contents of 2 wt% and 0.05 wt%. Under these conditions, the processing time was reduced by 9.75% and the product conversion was improved by 12.19%. This provides a very important theoretical basis and practical significance for the process production of polyurethane materials.
Dynamic mechanical properties of β phase titanium alloy under high temperature and high strain rate
Authors: Xu Xin , Liu Jiang , Zhou Yu , Hu Yongqiang , Wang Lin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Titanium alloy is vital for the propulsion system of remote-sensing spacecraft. Facing the increasing threat of space debris, exploring the dynamical properties of the new titanium materials is one of the essential technologies for spacecraft space protection. This paper presents the results of an investigation into the dynamic mechanical properties of a novel Ti-5553 β phase titanium alloy. The alloy was subjected to testing at temperatures of 25°C, 200°C, 400°C, and 600°C, and strain rates of 2000 s−1 and 4000 s−1, using two distinct experimental techniques: the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) and the Gleeble. A three-dimensional model of the SHPB experiment is established under the same conditions as the test. The findings indicate that the flow stress of the Ti-5553 β-phase titanium alloy exhibits a decline with an increase in temperature under high-temperature and high-strain-rate loading conditions. The Johnson-Cook material model of Ti-5553 titanium alloy was developed through the optimization of material parameters and subsequently applied to a three-dimensional digital simulation model. This model is capable of accurately reflecting the material’s dynamic compressive mechanical properties across a temperature range of 25 to 600°C and a strain rate range of 2000 ~ 4000 s−1. The dynamic mechanical parameters of the new Ti-5553 titanium alloy obtained in this paper can provide data support for the design of spacecraft space protection structures.
Overview of drought characteristics in Southwest China
Authors: Shuai Ge , Zhang Weihua 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Drought is a chronic natural disaster that occurs frequently around the world. Its impact is often greater, wider and longer than other disasters. The spatial uncertainty and frequency of drought in Southwest China has increased in recent years. The drought situation is becoming more and more serious, which is harmful to agricultural production, livelihood and economy. This paper introduces a variety of meteorological drought index: PA, SPI, PDSI, SPEI. The drought characteristics of Southwest China are summarized by combining the methods of many researchers using different indicators and methods to study the drought characteristics of Southwest China. It is concluded that the center of gravity of drought in Southwest China is in most of Sichuan Province and southern Yunnan Province; the frequency of drought is high in the west and low in the east. On the seasonal scale, the frequency of spring drought is higher; the drought intensity in the central region is the most obvious, followed by the eastern region. It provides a theoretical basis for drought resistance work in Southwest China.
Preparation and performance study of modified GO/TPU nanocomposites
Authors: Xie Jiliang , Sun Xia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Thermoplastic polyurethane has a wide range of industrial applications, but its stiffness and strength limit its performance. Graphene oxide can be introduced as a nanofiller into thermoplastic polyurethane to enhance its properties, but it also has certain drawbacks. In order to improve the above situation, a modified graphene oxide/thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposite material is proposed. In response to the poor dispersibility of traditional graphene, a study was conducted to modify it with isophorone diisocyanate. Based on this, the modified graphene oxide was introduced into thermoplastic polyurethane through a solution method to prepare the final composite material. The experimental results showed that the carbonyl hydrogen bonding content of the composite material reached 84.79%, and the degree of hydrogen bonding increased significantly; The tensile strength and fracture elongation of composite materials are 35.88 MPa and 569%, respectively. Compared with traditional materials, the tensile strength and fracture elongation have increased by 495% and 92.97%, respectively. Therefore, the modified graphene oxide proposed in the study can effectively improve the microstructure and macroscopic properties of TPU, which is of great significance for its performance enhancement and industrial applications.
First-Principles study of Hydrogen, Carbon, Nitrogen, and Oxygen atoms adsorption on PuO2(110) surfaces
Authors: Yu Huilong , Li Laiyang , Wang Shuaipeng , Qiu Ruizhi , Yang Suolong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The investigation into the adsorption behavior of atoms of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen located on the (110) face of plutonium dioxide (PuO2) utilizing the projector augmented wave (PAW) method, coupled with density functional theory (DFT) incorporating on-site Coulombic interaction corrections (GGA+U), reveals a spectrum of adsorption tendencies. Within this framework, a nuanced interplay emerges, showcasing both weak and robust binding affinities with the PuO2(110) surface. Detailed scrutiny of the charge density differences (CDD) and partial density of states (PDOS) at strategic adsorption locales unveils distinct mechanisms governing these interactions. Specifically, electrostatic forces emerge as the driving factor behind the weaker associations, while the more substantial adhesions are characterized by the presence of covalent bonding. This comprehensive analysis not only delineates the diversity in adsorption behaviors but also underscores the multifaceted nature of surface interactions on PuO2(110), providing valuable insights into the underlying physics governing such phenomena.
Repair of enamel by calcium fluorophosphate ion clusters
Authors: Ma Tiantian , Ning Kegong , He Yongjun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Artificially restoring tooth enamel’s distinct structure is still difficult because of its intricate hierarchical structure, which spans from nanoscale to microscale. In this paper, triethylamine-stabilized calcium fluorophosphate ion clusters were prepared in an ethanol medium and investigated for the restoration of tooth enamel. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was utilized to analyze the structure of ion cluster transition intermediates. Ethanol volatilization removed triethylamine from the calcium fluorophosphate ion clusters, converting them to amorphous calcium phosphate. The calcium fluorophosphate ion clusters were added dropwise to the enamel window surface with a pipette gun and waited for 20 minutes for the coating to form. Then, the samples were placed in artificial saliva and incubated for 48 h. The SEM results showed that the enamel surfaces were denser after being restored by the calcium fluorophosphate ion clusters and that the distinctive fish-scale structure of the natural enamel was accurately replicated. Nanoindentation tests showed that the mechanical properties of the damaged enamel were restored after remineralization. Based on this study, calcium fluorophosphate ion clusters will potentially become a material for restoring enamel for clinical use.
Study on the development of nanoparticles based on levan for oral insulin delivery
Authors: Kurniawati Desy , Kurniati Neng Fisheri , Ratnaningsih Enny , Hertadi Rukman 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Oral insulin administration has gained attention as a promising alternative to injections. However, its effectiveness is hindered by the major challenge of degradation by gastric acid. Biopolymer-based nanocarriers have been explored as a solution to address this challenge. This study examines levan, a biopolymer derived from Bacillus licheniformis BK1, for its viability as a nanocarrier for insulin. Levan was modified through acetylation, and both levan (I-Lv) and its acetylated (I-ALv) form were utilized as carriers for insulin in a nanoparticles (NPs) delivery system. The resulting NPs were spherical, with diameters ranging from 250 to 500 nm and encapsulation efficiencies of 78.64% and 88.30%, respectively. The insulin release from I-Lv NPs in simulated gastric fluid exhibited a burst release pattern that was more rapid than that of I-ALv. To further evaluate, the conformational stability of insulin in NPs was analyzed by measuring the transition enthalpy of secondary and tertiary structures. The stability of the secondary structure was determined through alpha-helix content using circular dichroism, while the tertiary structure stability was evaluated via the fluorescence intensity of tryptophan residues. The result revealed that insulin in I-ALv NPs exhibited enhanced conformational stability compared to free-state (FS) insulin and I-Lv NP, with transition enthalpies of 0.91 ± 0.62 and 4.42 ± 0.46 kcal mol−1 for secondary and tertiary structures, respectively. Moreover, preliminary in vivo studies revealed that I-ALv had a significant impact compared to FS insulin and I-Lv, demonstrating reduction in blood glucose levels. These findings highlight the potential of I-ALv as a promising candidate for antidiabetic therapy and an efficient oral delivery system.
Microstructure and tensile behavior of high-chromium cast iron/Hadfield steel composite fabricated by hot rolling process
Authors: Wu Guijun , Merkuryev I V , Liang Zhanhao , Duishenaliev T B , Yuan Guofeng , Guo Xiuli 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study employed a hot-rolling technique to fabricate a bimetal composite combining Hadfield steel and High-chromium cast iron (HCCI). The microstructure evolution and tensile properties of the bimetal composite were studied. Experimental results revealed that initial HCCI layers, characterized by limited plasticity, underwent necking and fragmentation into irregular fragments during deformation. The bonding interface of the two metals presented a wave shape. The two metals fused together and showed a good metallurgical bonding without interface cracks and delamination. The composite demonstrated an average tensile strength of 284 MPa. The results of tensile test showed that a large number of tunnel cracks were formed near the fracture of the sample. In the bimetallic composite, crack propagation stopped or transferred when encountering ductile Hadfield steel.
Language Policy
Authors: Coulmas Florian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This book is about policy decisions concerning language and as such probes the origins and conceptual foundations of the relationships between state and language. On the basis of specific examples from around the world it explains the principal issues of language policy today. After the conceptual and theoretical foundations of the field have been laid out in the first two chapters, subsequent chapters analyse the choice of languages, their varieties and written forms as a subject of policy making. To the extent that this is necessary or conducive to understanding present-day policy disputes concerning language, their historical background is sketched to show how some kinds of issues became politically problematic. The reader will be made to see language policy unfolding between hegemony and homogeneity, on one hand, and identity claims and diversity, on the other. The fact that these are contemporary terms gives reason to reflect on the contingency of state-language relations and the conflict potential of language regimes. In many polities it is today taken for granted that the government should be involved in language regulation. As with all policy matters, it may be asked whether this is a necessity (of modern states), a blessing, or a curse. This question is the common thread that runs through the chapters of this book.
Language policy and the wealth of nations
Authors: Coulmas Florian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Language is a political tool and a cultural emblem without which no society can exist. And language is an element of the economic process. This chapter looks at languages as a means of exchange, as common goods, as human capital and a factor of employability, investment with variable rates of return, trade barrier, and contribution to GDP. It shows that the questions of how these economic properties of language influence language policy, and if or how language policy objectives have to be adjusted when they are at odds with cost efficiency and other language market forces, are critical for our understanding of the design and implementation of language policy. These questions cannot be answered uniformly, as demonstrated in this chapter, because the socio-political and language configurations in economically advanced countries of the global north and the countries of the global south are very different. Languages vary in utility and, further discussed in this chapter, as a cost factor in trade, international relations, and travel, much like currencies, which raises the question of advantages and disadvantages associated with languages in international relations. It discusses some examples, in particular the language policy of the European Union, which runs the most sophisticated and most expensive language services of any international organization, dealing with translation, interpretation, and terminology. Embracing a policy of multilingualism, it reinforces the national language ideology that evolved together with the nation state.
Manipulation and Morality
Authors: Noggle Robert 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter begins by arguing that manipulation is both prima facie and pro tanto morally wrong. It is prima facie wrong because sometimes manipulation is not wrong at all. It is pro tanto wrong because sometimes manipulation’s moral wrongness is outweighed by other moral considerations. For short, we shall call manipulation “presumptively” wrong. But why is manipulation presumptively wrong? Popular answers include the claim that manipulation harms the target, that it undermines the target’s autonomy, and that it treats the target as a mere means. However, each of these explanations faces serious problems. A better answer derives from the Mistake Account itself: Being mistaken is a kind of failure and thus a kind of misfortune. Nevertheless, manipulation often harms the target or undermines the target’s autonomy. The chapter ends by exploring how the parallel between deception and manipulation can assist us in moral evaluations of individual cases of manipulation.
Wounds and Helplines
Authors: Barylo William 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The 2010s have seen the exponential development of faith- and culture-sensitive mental health services and therapies for Muslims, especially in the UK and the US. Assimilationist discourses conjugated with securitization narratives in Europe and America have been compared to having an abusive, gaslighting relationship with their Muslim citizens, breaking collective self-esteem and reinforcing ongoing generational trauma resulting from the slave trade, colonization, and displacement. In addition, intra-community issues, such as racism and spiritual abuse, are causing further pain, frustrations, and insecurities. However, various community initiatives offer Muslims tools for reframing narratives in a virtuous circle including volunteers and beneficiaries, and thus various recovery options and coping strategies for resisting and eventually healing.
Elevated Blood Pressure And Cardiac Mechanics In Children And Adolescents: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis
Authors: Faggiano Andrea , Gherbesi Elisa , Sala Carla , Carugo Stefano , Grassi Guido , Cuspidi Cesare , Tadic Marijana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Evidence on left ventricular (LV) mechanics, assessed by speckle tracking echocardiography (STE), in children and adolescents with elevated blood pressure (BP)/hypertension is scanty.

Aim
The aim of the present meta-analysis was to provide an updated information on LV systolic function phenotyped by global longitudinal strain (GLS) and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) in the setting of pediatric hypertension.

Methods
Following the PRISMA guidelines, systematic searches were conducted across bibliographic databases (Pub-Med, OVID, EMBASE and Cochrane Library) to identify eligible studies from inception up to November 30th 2024. Clinical studies reporting data on LV mechanics in pediatric hypertension and controls were included. The statistical difference of the echocardiographic variables of interest between groups such as LVEF and GLS was calculated by standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using random-effects models.

Results
Eight studies including 719 individuals with elevated BP/hypertension and 1653 age-matched healthy controls were considered for the analysis. Pooled average LVEF values were 72.4±1.6% in the healthy control group and 72.5±1.8% in the elevated BP/hypertensive group (SMD: 0.08±0.15,CI: -0.21/0.36, p=0.60); the corresponding values of GLS were -19.6±1.1% and 18.5±0.9% (SMD:-0.96±0.25, CI: -1.46/-0.47, p&lt; 0.0001). A parallel impairment of global circumferential strain (GCS) also emerged from pooled data of 3 studies (SMD: -0.96±0.25, CI: -1.46/-0.47, p&lt; 0.0001).

Conclusions
Our data suggest that LVEF is unable to detect early alterations in systolic function in pediatric hypertension, and the implementation of STE may be highly useful in unmasking systolic dysfunction in this setting.