bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Pattern and Quality of Referrals from Inpatient Wards to Hematology Department of a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Ugwu Angela Ogechukwu , Anigbogu Ikechukwu Okwudili 
Published: February 2022

Background:
The overall quality of care may be hampered by poorly written referrals. Referral letters should be detailed to elicit prompt response by the invited unit. This will enhance ideal management of cases that are referred.

Aim:
The aim of the study is to determine the quality (content and usefulness) of referral letters received from inpatient clinical wards of University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Ituku/Ozalla by hematology department of the hospital.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective study of all referral letters received in hematology department of the hospital over a 1-year period (January to December, 2019) using a validated questionnaire.

Results:
A total of 231 referral letters were received and evaluated. The median age of the patients was 35 (range: 20–59) years with male-to-female ratio of 1:1.3. Initial statement identifying the reason for the referral was observed in 88.7% (n = 205). Majority (176/213, 82.5%) of the referrals did not include the results of investigations the patients did before the referral. Less than a quarter of the referrals (41/231, 19.3%) contained information on the treatment given to the patient. More than one-tenth (24/231), 11.3%) of the referrals were unhelpful while 13.6% (n = 29) were helpful.

Conclusion:
The referrals sent to the hematology department were deficient in quality. These deficiencies could be ameliorated by tutoring the younger doctors on the content of an ideal referral letter. Furthermore, a well-structured “referral form” with prompts for easy filling could be designed by hospitals as a guide to physicians for writing appropriate referral letter.
Clinical Status of Sickle Cell Anemia and the Impact on the Caregivers Finances at a Tertiary Hospital, North-West Nigeria
Authors: Abubakar Ramatu , Dabo Habibatu Zubairu , Badamasi Samira Muhammad , Abubakar Aishatu Kabir 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Chronic condition like sickle cell anemia (SCA) is known to deplete family resource. The clinical status of children with SCA affects finances of the caregivers.

Aim:
The study aimed at determining the clinical impact of children with SCA on their caregivers' finances with the view to reduce the disease-associated financial burden.

Patients, Materials and Methods:
It was a cross-sectional study of 133 caregivers and their children with SCA managed at the sickle cell disease (SCD) clinic of the Paediatric Department of Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, North-Western Nigeria conducted between February and April 2016. A structured SCD burden interview was used. It has a total of 16 questions for four domains. The domain on the family finances has 3 questions each with a score ranging from 0 to 3. The clinical status of children with SCA was assessed using clinical parameters such as number of painful crisis, hospitalization, blood transfusion, and school absenteeism over the previous year.

Results:
About 63 (47.4%) of the caregivers were more than 35 years of age. Eighty-four (63.2%) were Hausas, 100 (75.2%) were Muslims, and 114 (85.7%) were married. Those with secondary education were 45 (33.8%), 43 (32.3%) were unemployed, and 42 (31.6%) were unskilled laborers. Source of their health-care financing was mainly out of pocket in 126 (94.7%) while 47 (35.3%) had an average monthly income between N20,000 and N50,000. More than half of the caregivers 82 (61.7%) were not member of a social group. The statistical analysis of the clinical status of the children with sickle cell anemia on their caregivers finances revealed significant relationship between number of school absenteeism of the children and finances of the caregivers (P = 0.010).

Conclusion:
Clinical status of children with SCA affects caregivers' finances.
Derangements of Liver Enzymes in a Study of 201 COVID-19 Patients in Abuja, Nigeria's Federal Capital Territory
Authors: Oreh Adaeze Chidinma , Akerele Isaac Olubanjo , Nnabuchi Chidi Valentine , Obazee Dorcas Yetunde , Onyegbutulem Henry Chijioke 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Several studies reveal abnormalities in liver function tests of COVID-19 patients. However, there are little data on African patients.

Aim:
This study aimed to evaluate liver function tests (LFT) in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected patients admitted in Asokoro COVID-19 Isolation and Treatment Centre in Abuja, Nigeria.

Patients, Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective study of 201 laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2-infected patients hospitalized in Asokoro District Hospital COVID-19 Isolation and Treatment Centre between April 10 and July 31, 2020. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were obtained, and the outcome measure was LFT abnormalities at presentation. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Version 24, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results:
Patient median age was 39.3 years (IQR: 26–52); 65.7% were males and 33.8% were health workers. Approximately 49.2% of patients were overweight or obese. Hypertension (22.9%) and diabetes mellitus (7.5%) were the most common comorbidities and only 1% had a known history of liver disease. Abnormal LFTs were observed in 53% of patients (n = 106), most frequently elevated direct bilirubin (78.3%) and alanine aminotransferase (38.7%). Comorbidities were not found significantly associated with LFT abnormalities. Females (odds ratio [OR] = 0.367 P = 0.004 confidence interval [CI] 0.186–0.724) and patients aged 20–29 years (OR = 0.067 P = 0.043 [CI] 0.005–0.916) were found less likely to have abnormal LFTs.

Conclusion:
Regardless of clinical status at presentation, about half of SARS-CoV-2 patients admitted at the Asokoro Isolation and Treatment Centre in Abuja had abnormal LFT results. It is therefore recommended that LFT is included as a part of baseline investigations during the management of COVID-19 for improved outcomes.
National Survey on Discharge Against Medical Advice among Patients with Musculoskeletal Trauma in Nigeria
Authors: Madubueze Christian Chukwuemeka , Madubueze Ugochukwu Chinyem , Omoke Njoku Isaac , Una Alfred F.I. , Babalola Oladimeji Ranti , Alabi Sikiru , Dim Edwin Maduakonam 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Patients in our environment sometimes discharge themselves against medical advice. Many of them do this due to the cost of treatment and a belief in the efficacy of traditional bone setters (TBS). This is the first multi-center study in our environment comparing the differences across ethnic groups, religions, and geographical regions.

Aim:
The study aimed to hightlight the burden of DAMA among patients with musculoskeletal injuries.

Patients, Materials and Methods:
This was a health facility-based cross-sectional study of patients with musculoskeletal injuries who presented to the Accident and Emergency departments of five selected health facilities across Nigeria over a six-month period.

Results:
A total of 601 patients were enrolled in this study. One hundred and ninety-four (32.3%) respondents discharged themselves against medical advice and the major reason given for the discharge against medical advice (DAMA) was the cost of treatment (49.1%) and a preference for the care given by TBS by relatives (33.5%) and the respondents (29.8%). The educational status of respondents, ethnic group, and access to health insurance, duration of admission, and frequency of fractures were predictors of DAMA. Respondents with postgraduate qualifications were much less likely to DAMA, adjusted odds ratio 0.36; confidence interval: 0.15–0.86, P = 0.021. Furthermore, respondents from Ibibio, Fulani, and Tiv ethnic groups were 3.79, 2.58, and 2.56 times more likely to DAMA, respectively. Respondents with health insurance coverage were less likely to DAMA.

Conclusion:
The prevalence rate of DAMA amongst patients with musculoskeletal trauma in Nigerian tertiary hospitals is relatively high. The predictors of DAMA identified in this study call for improvements in education and mandatory health insurance cover. From the findings in this study, reducing out-of-pocket costs to patients may be the most important step in improving access to orthodox treatment of musculoskeletal injuries. Further studies are suggested to determine why some ethnic nationalities had a higher prevalence of DAMA.
Pattern of Blood Component Request and Utilization in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Ibijola Ajayi Adeleke , Adegbamigbe Oluwafemi Johnson , Okunlola Abiodun Idowu , Durowade Kabir Adekunle , Adebara Idowu , Fasakin Kolawole Asimiyu 
Published: February 2022

Background:Blood transfusion being a life-saving procedure plays a vital role in the management of patients in the clinical practice. The challenges of inadequate voluntary blood donors and poor storage facilities made availability of sufficient safe blood difficult in developing countries. All efforts should therefore be put in place to ensure judicious use of the available blood by separating each unit of blood donated into components and giving individual patient only the required blood component rather than giving whole blood.Aim:This study was conducted to look into the pattern of blood components request and utilization in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria to assess its effectiveness in reducing blood wastage.Materials and Methods:This is a hospital-based retrospective study. Blood Bank registers for blood component request and utilization were analyzed over a period of 20 months. Units of blood products requested and units used were considered during this period with emphasis on request to transfusion ratio.Results:Highest blood product request was from pediatrics ward. Total blood product request for male was higher than for female. Highest blood product request was packed cell with request to transfusion ratio of 1.01, followed by fresh-frozen plasma, request to transfusion ratio 1.0 and platelet, request to transfusion ratio 1.14.Conclusion:Appropriate blood product request maximizes utilization, minimizes wastage, thereby increasing efficiency of the blood bank staff by reducing the unnecessary workload of cross matching, issuing of blood and wastage of reagents.
TRADICIO?N FENOMENOLO?GICA PUNTOS DE CONFLUENCIA PARA EL DESARROLLO DE UNA PROPUESTA METODOLOGICA DE SISTEMATIZACIO?N
Authors: Rodríguez Durán Ana Rosa , Flores Ruíz Ana Lilia , Garay Burciaga Ana Elda 
Published: February 2022

El propósito de este documento en un ofrecer una propuesta metodológica de sistematización alineada a la tradición fenomenológica interpretativa de Heidegger (1927) para ello se establece una discusión conceptual en torno a la sistematización, así como señalar los antecedentes y premisas de la tradición fenomenológica… pero ¿de dónde surge el interés por anclar esta propuesta de sistematización a un base teórica epistemológica? Jara (2001) ya reflexionabarespecto a cuales eran los proceso metodológico, técnicas e instrumentos en los que descansaba la sistematización, manifestaba su preocupación sobre la diversidad imprecisa y del criterio indiscriminado para emplearla, de manera que este documento establece una propuesta de sistematización alineada a un soporte epistemológico el cual muestra congruencia y hegemonía en su andamiaje técnico, así mismo la fenomenología permite a través de su tradición interpretativa establecer un acercamiento a los fenómenos sociales y consideraciones subjetivas de los elementos investigados desde una variable cognoscente de la intersubjetividad; De tal manera que está propuesta permitirá generar planteamientos de reflexión e intervención educativa a partir de un estudio adentrado en los actores que viven y construyen sus proceso reflexivos.
Impacto de las TICS, en el aprovechamiento académico de los estudiantes
Authors: Duarte Félix Dr. Cirilo , Almada Quintero Dra. María Guadalupe , Medina Wahnnatah Lic. Armando , Avalos Wahnnatah Verónica 
Published: February 2022

La formación basada en Competencias y Estándares, que se expone en este documento, se fundamenta en el uso reflexivo de las TIC. El desafío más grande de esta propuesta de formación es transcender el uso de las TIC y centrarse en la práctica docente y en el óptimo aprovechamiento de los estudiantes. En este trabajo, se abordan elementos importantes del proceso educativo, el fundamental papel que desempeña el docente, su apertura y disponibilidad para el trabajo con el apoyo en las innovaciones tecnológicas para la mejora de los procesos educativos. El propósito de esta propuesta es aportar en la visión de la formación de calidad que un docente en la actualidad debe tener para enfrentar el desafío de enseñar en una sociedad de la información y el conocimiento. Este pretende ser un referente de formación para el mejoramiento de la calidad educativa en instituciones educativas en cualquier nivel de formación, desde un abordaje de niveles de apropiación de las TIC y sus usos educativos. La incorporación de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en los procesos educativos, es una medida necesaria y urgente que llevará sin duda a una mejora significativa en el proceso de aprendizaje y enseñanza. Esto implica una considerable inversión económica para la capacitación y actualización docente así como la infraestructura integral y su implementación de manera correcta.
ESTRATEGIA METODOLÓGICA PARA LA PREPARACIÓN DE LOS DIRECTORES EN EL TRABAJO CON LA COMUNICACIÓN FAMILIAR DESDE EL MODELO DE LA ESCUELA PRIMARIA EN CUBA.
Authors: Hernández Morell Yaquelín Aurora , Sánchez Zayas Celso Germán , Delgado Hernández Kirenia 
Published: February 2022

La presente investigación tiene como propósito elaborar una estrategia metodológica dirigida a la preparación de los directores en el trabajo con la familia que consiste en perfeccionar el estilo de la comunicación familiar. En la misma se advierte sobre la necesidad e importancia de la temática en el Modelo de Escuela Primaria Cubana a través del análisis de la influencia de los estilos de la comunicación en la relación hogar-escuela; si se tiene en cuenta que la familia desempeña un papel formativo fundamental, pues los padres educan a sus hijos según sus propios patrones morales y se provea de los métodos más efectivos para llevarlas a vías de hecho. Para constatar las dificultades existentes se aplican instrumentos tales como: escala autovalorativa, entrevistas a directivos y maestros, encuestas a familias, así como observaciones a escuelas de padres.
EFFECT OF FISCAL POLICY ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT INFLOWS IN KENYA
Authors: Evans Pearl , Kariuki Peter , Wafula Fredrick 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of fiscal policies on Kenya's foreign direct investment inflows. The independent variable included fiscal policy with external public debt, domestic debt, infrastructure and tax.
Materials and Methods: The research attempts to explain the FDI inflows in Kenya and was calculated quarterly on the basis of FDI inflows in the nation. For 20 years (January 1998-December 2017) secondary data were gathered annually. In order to investigate the association between the variables the study utilized a descriptive research methodology using a time series model. For data analysis objectives, Python software was utilized.
Results: Regression of coefficients results shows that government expenditure on infrastructure and FDI are positively and significantly. It was also revealed that external debt and FDI are negatively and significantly related. Domestic debt and FDI are negatively and significantly related. The results regression results showed that taxation measured as tax revenues and FDI are positively and significantly related.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study findings validate the internalization theory. Findings indicate that the theory is applicable in the study of investments. In addition, the findings may in future serve as platform for additional studies in the same subject for other academics, students and researchers. Investors would benefit from the recommendations set out in this study to attract more FDI investment by implementing trade-balanced actions, limiting corruption, implementing income-collection tax policies and promoting international trade to ensure competitiveness in Kenyan products.
REKAYASA PERANGKAT LUNAK CROWFUNDING BASIRU MENGGUNAKAN PEMROGRAMAN PHP DAN FREAMWORK CODEIGNITER
Authors: Tari Sulas , Idifitriani Farida , Dery Sofya Nora 
Published: February 2022

Tradisi basiru, merupakan cerminan hidup kolektif masyarakat Sumbawa, yang memegang prinsip saling tolong-menolong. Kegiatan yang mencerminkan prinsip gotong royong salah satunya adalah pengumpulan atau urun dana dari masyarakat untuk mendukung suatu kegiatan tertentu yang sifatnya donasi/amal. Crowdfunding merupakan sebuah metode dalam penggalangan dana. Crowdfunding yang dimaksud dalam penelitian ini merupakan sebuah bentuk pendanaan yang menggunakan aplikasi berbasis website sebagai perantara penggalangan dana. Sedangkan model crowdfunding yang akan digunakan adalah Donation Based Crowdfunding. Adapun metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan metode kualitatif dan dalam perancangannya menggunakan Unifed Modelling Language (UML) dan metode pengembangan yang digunakan adalah metode Spiral sebagai metode pengembangan perangkat lunak. Pengembangan Sistem Crowfunding Basiru Menggunakan PHP dan Freamwork Codeigniter ini dibangun menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP, Visual Studio Code dan basis data MySQL sebagai Database Management System (DBMS) sehingga lebih efisien. Adapun metode pengujian perangkat lunak yang digunakan yaitu metode pengujian perangkat lunak black box yaitu menguji perangkat dari segi fungsionalitas.
Pengaruh Percieved Organizational Support terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior Dimediasi Job Satisfaction pada Tenaga Harian Lepas di Pusat Pelatihan Manajemen dan Kepemimpinan Pertanian Ciawi Bogor
Authors: Permana Rizky 
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh perceived organizational support(POS ) terhadap organizational citizenship behavior (OCB ) yang dimediasi oleh job satisfaction. Responden dalampenelitian ini adalah 68 Tenaga Harian Lepas Pusat Pelatihan Manajemendan Kepemimpinan Pertanian (PPMKP) Ciawi Bogor Untuk mengujihipotesis menggunakan Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Model(PLS-SEM) dengan bantuan Smart PLS 2.0. Hasil penelitian inimenunjukkan bahwa : 1) terdapat pengaruh positif perceived organizational supportterhadap organizational citizenship behavior dan2) job satisfaction terbukti sebagai variabel mediasi pada pengaruh perceived organizational support terhadap organizational citizenship behavior.
Pengaruh Off the Job Training dan Motivasi Belajar terhadap Minat Belajar serta Dampaknya terhadap Persentase Hasil Kemajuan Belajar Peserta Pelatihan Pemeriksa Kebuntingan
Authors: Waluyo Sri Teguh 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini ditunjukan untuk menguji pengaruh off the job training danmotivasi belajar terhadap minat belajar serta dampaknya terhadappersentase hasil kemajuan belajar peserta pelatihan pemeriksakebuntingan (Pkb) baik secara simultan maupun parsial, menentukanvariabel dominan, juga untuk menentukan direct effect, indirect effectdan total effect disertai uji beda parametris pada dua data yangberpasangan Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitiankuantitatif, terdapat kecenderungan peningkatan padadengan rataan peningkatan 30.476, secara simultan pengaruh off the job trainingdan motivasi terhadap minat belajar adalah signifikan positif,secara parsial off the job training atau motivasi belajar berpengaruhpositif secara signifikan terhadap minat belajar, ditemukan kontribusipengaruh variabel off the job training 53,87% lebih dominan daripadamotivasi belajar terhadap minat belajar, secara simultan off the job trainingmotivasi belajar dan minat belajar pengaruh signifikan positifterhadap persentase hasil kemajuan belajar, secara parsial variable off the job trainingmotivasi belajar maupun minat belajar signifikan positifterhadap persentase hasil kemajuan belajar, ditemukan kontribusipengaruh variabel minat belajar lebih dominan daripada off the job trainingmaupun motivasi belajar terhadap persentase hasil kemajuanbelajar sebesar 69,54%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh off the job trainingsignifikan terhadap persentase hasil kemajuan belajar dansecara tidak langsung motivasi belajar melalui minat belajar berpengaruhsignifikan terhadap persentase hasil kemajuan belajar.
Pengaruh Etos Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT Indofarma Global Medika Cabang Palembang
Authors: Deni Muhammad 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis, mengetahui dan membuktikan pengaruh etos kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan di PT Indofarma Global Medika Cabang Palembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis asosiatif yaitu penelitian yang berusaha mencari pengaruh ataupun hubungan antara satu atau lebih. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini seluruh karyawan PT Indofarma Global Medika cabang Palembang yang berjumlah 24 orang. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dokumentasi dari kuesioner yang di berikan kepada seluruh karyawan PT Indofarma Global Medika cabang Palembang (populasi). Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode analisis dengan menggunakan jalur program IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows Version 24.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh etos kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Indofarma Global Medika cabang Palembang. Adapun saran yang dapat penulis berikan adalah hedaknya pihak perusahaan memberikan fonsasi yang kuat, memberikan penghargaan terhadap karyawan yang berprestasi dan terus memberikan coaching clinic kepada karyawannya agar para karyawan tetap percaya diri dalam bekerja, terbebas dari rasa jenuh dalam bekerja dan dapat menyelesaikan target yang telah diberikan perusahaan.
Kata kunci : Etos Kerja, Kinerja Karyawan.