bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial Targeting and Imaging with Small Organic Conjugated Fluorophores: A Review
Authors: Crawford Hannah , Dimitriadi Maria , Bassin Jatinder , Cook Michael T. , Abelha Thais Fedatto , Calvo‐Castro Jesus 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe last decade has seen an increasingly large number of studies reporting on the development of novel small organic conjugated systems for mitochondrial imaging exploiting optical signal transduction pathways. Mitochondria are known to play a critical role in a number of key biological processes, including cellular metabolism. Importantly, irregularities on their working function are nowadays understood to be intimately linked to a range of clinical conditions, highlighting the importance of targeting mitochondria for therapeutic benefits. In this work we carry out an in‐depth evaluation on the progress to date in the field to pave the way for the realization of superior alternatives to those currently existing. The manuscript is structured by commonly used chemical scaffolds and comprehensively covers key aspects factored in design strategies such as synthetic approaches as well as photophysical and biological characterization, to foster collaborative work among organic and physical chemists as well as cell biologists.
Reactivity of a N‐Coordinated Germylene‐Borane Complex: From Ge→B to Ge→Ga Coordination
Authors: Vítek Dominik , Růžička Aleš , Vermeersch Lise , Dostál Libor , Turek Jan , Jambor Roman 
Published: September 2022

AbstractReactivity studies of the GeII→B complex L(Cl)Ge⋅BH3(1; L=2‐Et2NCH2‐4,6‐tBu2‐C6H2) were performed to determine the effect on the GeII→B donation. N‐coordinated compounds L(OtBu)Ge⋅BH3(2) and [LGe⋅BH3]2(3) were prepared. The possible tuning of the GeII→B interaction was proved experimentally, yielding compounds 1‐PPh2‐8‐(LGe)‐C10H6(4) and L(Cl)Ge⋅GaCl3(5) without a GeII→B interaction. In5, an unprecedented GeII→Ga coordination was revealed. The experimental results were complemented by a theoretical study focusing on the bonding in1−5. The different strength of the GeII→E (E=B, Ga) donation was evaluated by using energy decomposition analysis. The basicity of different L(X)Ge groups through proton affinity is also assessed.
Synthesis of Highly Accessible and Reactive Sites in Gold Nanoparticles Using Bound Bis(Diphenylphosphine) Ligands
Authors: Sufyan Sayed Abu , van Devener Brian , Nigra Michael M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhile bound organic ligands provide steric protection against aggregation for metallic nanoparticles in solution, they can block a large fraction of the surface atoms which are needed for binding in catalysis and sensing applications. In this work, highly accessible Au nanoparticles ligated with bis(diphenylphosphine) molecules are synthesized and characterized in solution. Characterization is performed using high angle annular dark field‐scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF‐STEM), ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐Vis) spectroscopy, and fluorescence chemisorption experiments. These synthesized nanoparticles are accessible to a 2‐napthalenethiol (2‐NT) probe molecule in solution. The highest 2‐NT accessibility is observed when using 1,1‐bis(diphenylphosphino)methane (dppm) ligand where 61 % of the total gold atoms are accessible. It is hypothesized that increasing the rigidity of the bis(diphenylphosphine) ligand increases the number of binding sites on the Au nanoparticles. These nanoparticles are catalytically active for resazurin reduction, and the resazurin reduction rate scales with the number of binding sites.
Host‐Guest Active Layer Enabling Annealing‐Free, Nonhalogenated Green Solvent Processing for High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells†
Authors: Sun Weiwei , Chen Haiyang , Zhang Ben , Cheng Qinrong , Yang Heyi , Chen Ziyuan , Zeng Guang , Ding Junyuan , Chen Weijie , Li Yaowen 
Published: September 2022

Comprehensive SummaryRecent advances in non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs) like Y6 have pushed the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic solar cells (OSCs) above 19%. However, the harsh fabrication conditions, such as the use of the highly volatile chloroform (CF) solvent and the thermal annealing process, are not suitable for large‐area printing technologies and environmental standards. Here, a series of guest molecules, BT2O, BTO, and BT4O, are designed and synthesized with different numbers of oligo ethylene glycol (OEG) repeating units in side chains. All these guest molecules could tune the crystallization kinetics of the annealing‐free host‐guest active layers by inducing the self‐assembly of Y6 in non‐halogenated paraxylene (PX) solution. The increasing number of OEG repeating units in guest molecules could enhance the molecular assembly ability but molecular stacking steric hindrance simultaneously. Therefore, BTO with three OEG repeating units blended with PM6:PM7:Y6 delivers the highest PCE of 17.78%. Our results demonstrate controlling the crystallization kinetics via delicate side‐chain engineering of guest molecules is an effective way to achieve efficient OSCs in non‐halogenated solution.
Traveling Wave Solutions to the Free Boundary Incompressible Navier‐Stokes Equations
Authors: Leoni Giovanni , Tice Ian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper we study a finite‐depth layer of viscous incompressible fluid in dimension , modeled by the Navier‐Stokes equations. The fluid is assumed to be bounded below by a flat rigid surface and above by a free, moving interface. A uniform gravitational field acts perpendicularly to the flat surface, and we consider the cases with and without surface tension acting on the free interface. In addition to these gravity‐capillary effects, we allow for a second force field in the bulk and an external stress tensor on the free interface, both of which are posited to be in traveling wave form, i.e., time‐independent when viewed in a coordinate system moving at a constant velocity parallel to the rigid lower boundary. We prove that, with surface tension in dimension and without surface tension in dimension , for every nontrivial traveling velocity there exists a nonempty open set of force and stress data that give rise to traveling wave solutions. While the existence of inviscid traveling waves is well‐known, to the best of our knowledge this is the first construction of viscous traveling wave solutions.Our proof involves a number of novel analytic ingredients, including: the study of an overdetermined Stokes problem and its underdetermined adjoint problem, a delicate asymptotic development of the symbol for a normal‐stress to normal‐Dirichlet map defined via the Stokes operator, a new scale of specialized anisotropic Sobolev spaces, and the study of a pseudodifferential operator that synthesizes the various operators acting on the free surface functions. © 2022 The Authors. Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
How a Facet of a Nanocrystal Is Formed: The Concept of the Symmetry Based Kinematic Theory
Authors: Ni Bing , González‐Rubio Guillermo , Cölfen Helmut 
Published: September 2022

AbstractConventional nanocrystal (NC) growth mechanisms have overwhelmingly focused on the final exposed facets to explain shape evolution. However, how the final facets are formed from the initial nuclei or seeds, has not been specifically interrogated. In this concept paper, we would like to concentrate on this specific topic, and introduce the symmetry based kinematic theory (SBKT) to explain the formation and evolution of crystal facets. It is a crystallographic theory based on the classical crystal growth concepts developed to illustrate the shape evolution during the NC growth. The most important principles connecting the basic NC growth processes and morphology evolution are the preferential growth directions and the properties of kinematic waves. On the contrary, the final facets are just indications of how the crystal growth terminates, and their formation and evolution rely on the NC growth processes: surface nucleation and layer advancement. Accordingly, the SBKT could even be applied to situations where non‐faceted NCs such as spheres are formed.
Higher baseline levels of CSF inflammation increase risk of incident mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease dementia
Authors: Contreras Joey A. , Aslanyan Vahan , Albrecht Daniel S. , Mack Wendy J. ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), Pa Judy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionFew studies have investigated how neuroinflammation early in the disease course may affect Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression over time despite evidence that neuroinflammation is associated with AD.MethodsResearch participants with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were included in this study. Cox models were used to investigate whether baseline CSF neuroinflammation was associated with incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD. Moderating effects of sex and apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 were also examined.ResultsElevated levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐9, and IL‐12p40 at baseline were associated with higher rates of conversion to MCI/AD. Interactions with sex and APOE ε4 were observed, such that women with elevated TNF‐α and all APOE ε4 carriers with elevated IL‐9 levels had shorter times to conversion. In addition, TNF‐α mediated the relationship between elevated IL‐12p40 and IL‐9.DiscussionElevated neuroinflammation markers are associated with incident MCI/AD, and the factors of sex and APOE ε4 status modify the time to conversion.
Tris‐dipicolinate Lanthanide Complexes: Influence of the Second Hydration Sphere on the Solid‐State Luminescence Properties
Authors: Salaam Jeremy , N'Dala‐Louika Isis , Balogh Cristina , Suleimanov Iurii , Pilet Guillaume , Veyre Laurent , Camp Clément , Thieuleux Chloé , Riobé François , Maury Olivier 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA series of tris‐dipicolinate europium complexes featuring different complexes has been prepared, and their photophysical study has been performed in the solid state highlighting the crucial role of second sphere water molecules. The non‐radiative deactivation constant (knr) varies significantly with the number of interstitial water molecules and their distance to the europium emitting center. The complex (NBu4)3[Eu(DPA)3], featuring the most lipophilic cation, exhibits excellent solubility and remarkable photophysical properties in aprotic solvents.
Collective system‐supporting inaction: A conceptual framework of privilege maintenance
Authors: Täuber Susanne , Moughalian Catherine 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecent protest movements such as #MeToo exposed that institutional change initiatives targeting harassment and discrimination have so far failed to achieve equity. We propose that this is because such policy initiatives fail to account for the motivation of those privileged by inequality regimes to maintain and perpetuate these systems. Addressing gaps in collective action scholarship, we introduce a normative framework conceptualising the inaction of dominant groups as system‐supporting behaviour to preserve the status quo. System‐supporting inaction is a central and highly effective technique used by dominant group members to hinder processes of change and preserve their power, and it often preludes escalation to violent backlash over time. Building on sociological models of inequality and power, we develop a conceptual model that accounts for the group dynamics associated with collective system‐supporting (in)action. We propose an agenda for future research that focuses on resistance to change as a means of maintaining privilege.
A highly efficient and durable solar evaporator based on hierarchical ion‐selective nanostructures
Authors: Li Lianhui , Du Lang , Bai Yuanyuan , Wang Yongfeng , Hao Mingming , Liu Mengyuan , Ge Changlei , Wang Shuqi , Zheng Hui , Li Lili , Sun Fuqin , Zhang Ting 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSolar‐driven vapor generation technology can directly produce clean water, but existing strategies remain challenging in achieving both high evaporation performance and good salt resistance due to complex water‐thermal management. Here, we constructed hydrogel‐based hierarchically nanostructured evaporator (HNE) with vertically aligned micro water transportation pathways and water confined ion selective nanochannels. Based on the polarity modified hierarchical structures and umbrella‐shaped geometry design, HNEs can achieve high‐speed water transfer at low saturated water content to realize efficient heat energy confinement, and provide more heat exchange sites. Consequently, an exciting water evaporation rate of 3.68 kg m−2 h−1 and the efficiency of 91.1% were achieved under 1 sun solar radiation. More importantly, the overlapping electrical double layer in the narrow nanochannels endows the ions selectivity of the nanochannel to reject anions, resulting in reliable long‐term salt resistance. The ingenious design was creatively confirmed by streaming potential and validated during long‐term efficient work.image
Uniaxial model for simulating the cyclic behavior of reinforced concrete members
Authors: Ghorbani Rasool , Suselo Ariel , Gendy Samer , Matamoros Adolfo , Ghannoum Wassim 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA new computational model is proposed within the lumped‐plasticity framework to simulate the lateral load‐deformation response of reinforced concrete members up to complete loss of lateral strength. The proposed model implements new features that enhance simulation fidelity of reinforced concrete members. It employs a cubic spline function to simulate the gradual changes of stiffness observed in the unloading‐reloading behavior of concrete members under seismic loading. The proposed model takes a different approach to simulating cyclic behavior from existing models, by utilizing an energy dissipation term as the central parameter to adjust the level of pinching in a response. The model replicates the amount of cyclic energy dissipation specified by the user, regardless of other parameters. It also automatically adjusts cyclic energy dissipation with increasing lateral deformations, to match experimental observations from concrete members. The model is equipped with deformation and energy‐based damage functions that can realistically capture stiffness and strength damage in concrete members, even under non‐symmetric cyclic loading. Using these functionalities, the model can adjust the lateral load‐deformation backbone response based on load‐history to account for short‐ or long‐duration non‐symmetric ground motion inputs. The proposed model is applicable for simulating the lateral shear or moment behaviors of reinforced concrete members, such as columns, beams, walls, and joints. The model is implemented in the open‐source simulation platform OpenSees as the CyclicReinforcedConcrete model.
Fractional order simulation for unsteady MHD nanofluid flow in porous medium with Soret and heat generation effects
Authors: Patel Harshad , Mittal Akhil , Nagar Tejal 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, unsteady magnetohydrodynamics nanofluid flow with thermo‐diffusion and heat generation effects is studied. The fluid flow at the plate is considered exponentially accelerated through a porous medium. The governing system of equations is made dimensionless with the help of similarity transformation. A Caputo–Fabrizio fractional‐order derivative is employed to generalize the momentum, energy, and concentration equations, and the exact expression is obtained using Laplace transformation techniques. To realize the physics of the problem, numerical results of velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are obtained and presented through graphs. Also, the numerical values of the Nusselt number and Sherwood number are obtained and compared which strongly agree with the previous studies. From the results, it is concluded that velocity distribution decline by improving the value of the chemical reaction and magnetic field while the reverse trend is observed for volume fraction and micropolar parameter. It is also seen that the heat transfer process improves with heat generation and thermal radiation whereas, mass transfer declines with the chemical reaction parameter.
An innovative application of multiple impinging jet flow field in fuel cells
Authors: Khademi Saeed , Bazargan Majid 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe flow field in a fuel cell is expected to distribute the reactants as uniformly as possible over the active plate, support the reasonable pressure drop across the channel and maximize the mass transfer through the catalyst layers. To simultaneously accomplish these requirements, an innovative multiple impingement jet flow field (MIJFF) is proposed in this study. A three‐dimensional thermo‐fluid simulation is used to evaluate the proposed idea and compare its performance against the commonly used parallel field flow (PFF). The domain of calculations includes a channel with multiple impingement jets linked to a porous gas diffusion layer under low Reynolds flow conditions. The results reveal that the suggested MIJFF design significantly increases the transport of the reactant gases through the catalyst layer. The penetration depth into the catalyst layer in the MIJFF arrangement is higher than that of the PFF setup and the use of the catalyst layer is optimized, which in turn can lead to a reduction of the activation drop. Compared to a PFF design under similar operating conditions, the mean Nusselt number is shown to increase by a factor of about 3.5 in the MIJFF setup. Furthermore, the temperature is more uniformly distributed in the MIJFF pattern which results in more effective distribution of the reactant gases over the active surface. The current study shows that under equal pressure drop conditions, the MIJFF exhibits a much higher performance than a PFF channel design. That is while the corresponding flow rate for the MIJFF is much lower than that of PFF.
Parents' perceptions of the quality of infant sleep behaviours and practices: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Zanetti Nina , D'Souza Levita , Tchernegovski Phillip , Blunden Sarah 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA systematic review of qualitative studies was conducted to explore how parents perceive sleep quality in their infants aged 0–24 months and the factors that influence these perceptions. A systematic search of the databases Scopus, Embase, Cinahl, PsycInfo and MEDLINE, was undertaken to identify eligible peer‐reviewed studies published between 2006–2021. Ten papers met inclusion criteria and were subsequently included in the review. Evaluation of papers with the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme qualitative checklist classified papers as weak, moderate or strong, with half considered strong. Thematic synthesis identified one superordinate theme, culture, and five interrelated subordinate themes regarding how parents perceive their infant's sleep and the factors that may influence these perceptions. These themes were: (1) Infants physical and emotional comfort; (2) Beliefs regarding safety; (3) Parental and familial wellbeing; (4) Perceived degree of infant agency; (5) Influence of external beliefs and opinions. The findings from this review may assist practitioners in providing parents with personalized and culturally sensitive information regarding infant sleep and may also inform antenatal and early intervention practices, subsequently minimizing parental distress regarding infant sleep patterns.
Is accuracy of estimated fetal weight improved by better image quality scores?
Authors: Ambroise Grandjean Gaëlle , Le Gall Laura , Bourguignon Laurence , Collin Adeline , Hossu Gabriela , Morel Olivier 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess in a group of ultrasound operators of various levels of experience the predictive value of systematic quality scoring to assess estimated fetal weight (EFW) validity.MethodsScreenshots, sonographer experience, and neonate birth weight were collected for 131 ultrasound examinations in the 7 days before birth. The difference (EFW error) between projected birth weight (EFW + [30 g × interval in days to birth]) and actual birth weight was then assessed (absolute value). Three senior sonographers rated all the screenshots (International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 16‐point score for image quality) and interobserver reproducibility was assessed concomitantly. The impact of the score on EFW accuracy was then assessed (univariate analysis). Receiver operating characteristic curves allowed us to assess the score's positive predictive value (PPV) for accurate EFW.ResultsMean birth weight was 2998 ± 954 g and mean EFW error was 8.6% ± 7.1%. Both the sonographer's experience and score significantly impacted the EFW error (P < 0.05). The PPVs of systematic image scores for identifying an EFW error greater than 10% and greater than 15% were appropriate for clinical use (areas under the curve 0.61 and 0.70, respectively). Score reproducibility was modest.ConclusionLow image scores and limited ultrasound expertise are associated with an increased risk of inaccurate EFW.
The relationship between perceived stress and depressive symptoms in adolescents during high stress: The moderating role of emotion regulation
Authors: Braet Jolien , Giletta Matteo , Wante Laura , Van Beveren Marie‐Lotte , Verbeken Sandra , Goossens Lien , Lomeo Beatrice , Anslot Eline , Braet Caroline 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis study examined the moderating role of adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation in the relationship between general perceived stress and depressive symptoms during the first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) lockdown in March–April 2020 in Belgium, while controlling for past depressive symptoms in 2016.MethodsParticipants were 110 adolescents (55% female; Mage = 16, SDage = 1.80) who filled out different questionnaires assessing maladaptive and adaptive emotion regulation strategies (ERS), perceived stress, and depressive symptoms.ResultsResults revealed that only maladaptive ERS statistically significantly moderated the relationship between perceived stress and depressive symptoms. More specifically, the amount of perceived stress is positively associated with the level of depressive symptoms, especially in adolescents who use more maladaptive ERS.ConclusionThe repertoire of adaptive ERS might not be sufficient for adolescents to flexibly cope with a highly stressful situation such as the COVID‐19 pandemic and lockdown. Study findings highlight the need to support youth, particularly those who use more maladaptive ERS, in adaptively coping with intense stressful life events.