bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of the accuracy of fetal magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography for the diagnosis of fetal congenital malformations of the spine and spinal cord
Authors: Tang Xing , Bai Guoyan , Wang Hong , Guo Fan , Yin Hong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeTo determine the diagnostic value of fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for congenital spine/spinal cord malformations.MethodsThis single‐center retrospective study included 120 cases of fetal spine/spinal cord abnormalities detected using fetal ultrasonography (US) and further examined by fetal MRI between 2016 and 2020. Cases were divided into three groups (congenital spine, spinal cord, and spine + spinal cord malformations) based on US assessment. We analyzed the accuracy of fetal US and MRI relative to postnatal imaging.ResultsThe diagnostic accuracy of fetal MRI for fetal spinal cord, spine, and spine + spinal cord malformations was 86.2% (25/29), 89.4% (42/47), and 86.3% (38/44), respectively, and the corresponding rates for fetal US were 51.7% (15/29), 87.2% (41/47), and 68.2% (30/44). The diagnostic accuracy did not differ between fetal MRI and US for congenital spine malformations (p > 0.05); for congenital spinal cord malformations and congenital spine + spinal cord malformations, the diagnostic accuracy was significantly higher for fetal MRI than for fetal US (p < 0.05).ConclusionsFetal MRI is effective in the assessment of congenital spine/spinal cord malformations. It can yield information that supplements US findings, especially for congenital spinal cord malformations, and can improve the accuracy of fetal diagnosis.
Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of antimicrobial performance of N‐[3‐(dimethylamino)propyl]methacrylamide based copolymer on pathogens
Authors: Pıhtılı Güzin , Erecevit Sönmez Pınar , Biryan Fatih , Torğut Gülben 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this study, poly{N‐[3‐(dimethylamino) propylmethacrylamide‐co‐acrylonitrile}; [P(DMAPMA‐co‐AcN)] copolymer was polymerized by free radical polymerization (FRP) in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator at 60°C. The structure of the synthesized polymer was characterized by the Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) methods. The bactericidal and fungicidal effects of the solutions prepared by adding methanol to this copolymer to prevent the growth of pathogenic bacteria, yeast, and fungi were evaluated by disk diffusion and broth microdilution method. Since the resistance of bacteria, yeast and fungi, which adversely affect human health, to antibiotics is an important issue, and there has not been any study on the antimicrobial properties of this copolymer, it has directed us to investigate its antimicrobial properties. According to antimicrobial susceptibility tests: The polymer solution showed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial action with 12.3–14.3 mm/inhibition zone diameter on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klepsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis bacteria, Candida tropicalis, Epidermophyton floccosum yeast and fungi and showed a narrow spectrum of effect on inhibition of the growth of Candida albicans with 10.3 mm/inhibition zone diameter. No antimicrobial effects were observed on Staphylococcus aureus. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) value on the test microorganisms was determined as 125–31.25 μl. The data obtained prove that the polymer is in the same group as the interaction of bactericidal and fungicidal drugs. It is also important as a polymer with antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to produce a new polymer with antimicrobial properties. This polymer can be a new and yielding antimicrobial representative in different areas.
The organic chemistry behind the recycling of poly(bisphenol‐A carbonate) for the preparation of chemical precursors: A review
Authors: Gilbert Elangeni Ana , Polo Mara Lis , Maffi Juan Martín , Guastavino Javier Fernando , Vaillard Santiago Eduardo , Estenoz Diana Alejandra 
Published: July 2022

AbstractProduction and consumption of poly(bisphenol‐A carbonate) resins are seeing a worldwide increase. However, their usage lifetimes are short and their final disposition as landfills pose environmental and health risks, due to the release of toxic bisphenol‐A (BPA). The development of alternative recycling routes is thus becoming subject of increasing interest. In this review, the main recycling processes of poly(bisphenol‐A carbonate) are described and critically compared, with special focus on the chemical mechanisms. While mechanical recycling is possible, the end products are restricted only to polymer blends, whose main mechanical properties decrease with each compounding cycle. In turn, chemical recycling can produce BPA monomer and a variety of by‐products that can be used in different industries, including the polymeric field, as synthesis reagents and precursors. The operation conditions of each method are reviewed, as well as the different results obtained in terms of product yield, composition, selectivity and reaction times. Reaction mechanisms are described in detail and a view on the usability of each end product is offered.
Lithium salts: assessment of their chronic and acute toxicities to honey bees and their anti‐Varroa field efficacy
Authors: Sevin Sedat , Bommuraj Vijayakumar , Chen Yaira , Afik Ohad , Zarchin Shlomi , Barel Shimon , Arslan Okan Can , Erdem Babür , Tutun Hidayet , Shimshoni Jakob A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDVarroa control is essential for the maintenance of healthy honey bee colonies. Overuse of acaricides has led to the evolution of resistance to those substances. Studies of the short‐term acaricidal effects and safety of various lithium (Li) salts recently have been reported. This study examined the long‐term in vitro and in vivo bee toxicities, short‐term motor toxicity to bees and long‐term anti‐Varroa field efficacy of several Li salts.RESULTSIn an in vitro chronic‐toxicity assay, lithium citrate (18.8 mm) was the most toxic of the examined salts, followed by lithium lactate (29.5 mm), and lithium formate (32.5 mm). In terms of acute locomotor toxicity to bees, all of the Li salts were well‐tolerated and none of the treatment groups differed from the negative control group. In an in vitro survival study, all of the Li treatments significantly reduced bee life spans by a factor of 1.8–7.2, as compared to the control. In terms of life expectancy, lithium citrate was the most toxic salt, with no significant differences noted between lithium formate and lithium lactate. In the bee‐mortality field study, none of the examined treatments differed from the negative control. Amitraz and lithium formate exhibited similar acaricide effects, which were significantly different from those observed for lithium lactate and the negative control.CONCLUSIONIn light of lithium formate's honey bee safety and efficacy as an acaricide, additional sublethal toxicity studies in brood, drones and queens, as well as tests aimed at the optimization of administration frequency are warranted. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Direct oral anticoagulants in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and the presence of recent thrombus during pulmonary endarterectomy
Authors: Jeong Ina , Alotaibi Mona , Fernandes Timothy M. , Kim Suhyun , Kerr Kim M. , Yang Jenny , Pretorius Victor , Madani Michael , Kim Nick H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPatients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) require lifelong anticoagulant therapy. The safety and efficacy of direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) in the chronic and transitional management of CTEPH has not been investigated. We performed a retrospective analysis of 405 consecutive pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) cases at the University of California, San Diego, from July 2015 through July 2017. PEA specimen was reviewed for the presence of acute or subacute thrombotic material distinct from the expected chronic disease removed at the time of PEA by two investigators blinded to the patient information. Of 405 PEA cases, 166 patients (41.0%) were anticoagulated with one of three available DOACs; 239 (59.0%) presented on either oral vitamin‐K antagonist or chronic injectable therapy. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between DOAC and non‐DOAC groups. Evidence of recent thrombus was observed in 22 (13.3%) in the DOAC group versus 16 (6.7%) within the non‐DOAC group. The odds ratio of DOACs usage and evidence of recent thrombus was 2.34 (95% confidence interval: 1.1–5.0, p = 0.03) after adjusting for age, gender, race, body mass index, and history of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. CTEPH patients referred for PEA while on DOAC therapy were twice as likely to have associated acute or subacute thrombi present at the time of surgery compared with those on more traditional, non‐DOAC anticoagulant therapies. This raises questions of the safety and efficacy of DOACs in the chronic management of CTEPH.
Social determinants of health in pulmonary arterial hypertension patients in the United States: Clinician perspective and health policy implications
Authors: Nadipelli Vijay R. , Elwing Jean M. , Oglesby Willie H. , El‐Kersh Karim 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSocial determinants of health (SDoH) can impact the vulnerable pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) population, especially during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Providers' understanding of SDoH at the point of care and their impact is unknown. We conducted semi‐structured virtual interviews with US clinicians at 17 pulmonary hypertension (PH) centers and one patient advocate from the Pulmonary Hypertension Association. We sought participants' perspective on SDoH in PAH and their impact. Transcripts were developed and analyzed for key themes to assess potential policy implications. Participants served a large PAH population and demonstrated high awareness of SDoH and its impact on treatment and outcomes. They reported that patients' SDoH, including socioeconomic status, health insurance, access to health care, education levels, health literacy, employment status, and insecurities associated with housing, food, transportation, and family support, impacted health and well‐being. COVID‐19‐related social isolation, mental health, and substance abuse contributed to significant inequities in care provision and outcomes. While telemedicine helped clinicians manage patients remotely during the pandemic, there was a concern for patients with limited access to this medium. Participants reported no formal screening for SDoH at the point of care. With the recognition and the desire to act upon health inequities associated with SDoH, participants felt that it was vital for their centers to have a dedicated PH social worker and support staff to optimize care and outcomes. An approach that integrates SDoH in PAH care management, streamlined through institutional policy, could address health disparities leading to improved healthcare access, outcomes, and quality of care.
Searching conformational analysis of Asp residues through theoretical 3J vicinal coupling constants and Karplus equations
Authors: Botella María , Ema Ignacio , San Fabián Jesús , García de la Vega Jose Manuel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe dependence of the vicinal spin–spin coupling constants on the torsion side chain angle χ1 through the Karplus equations is considered for the study of the structure of Asp amino acid residues. Experimental and theoretical, obtained with density functional theory methods, vicinal coupling constants combined with extended Karplus equations, which include six coefficients, are applied to a dipeptide model of the amino acid Asp. To find out the empirical χ1 angles of the side chain, a statistical analysis procedure is developed to compute the rmsd values and find the χ1 as the minimum of those values. The χ1 values obtained in this work for nine Asp residues of the flavodoxin protein Desulfovibrio vulgaris are successfully compared with those derived by nuclear magnetic resonance and X‐rays.
Expression and co‐localization of RFRP‐3 and kisspeptin during breeding and non‐breeding season in the hypothalamus of male rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Khan Safdar , Batool Bakhtwar , Zubair Hira , Bano Riffat , Ahmad Shakil , Shahab Muhammad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractProposeThe mechanism that underpins how RFRP‐3 and kisspeptin interacts are not fully understood in higher primates. This study therefore set out to assess RFRP‐3 and kisspeptin expression and their morphological interactions in the breeding, and in the non‐breeding period in monkey hypothalamus.MethodsEight mature male macaques (Macaca mulatta) in the breeding season (February; n = 4) and non‐breeding season (June; n = 4) were used. To reveal the expression and co‐localization of RFRP‐3 and kisspeptin, double‐labeled immunohistochemistry was performed. Testicular volume, sperm count, and plasma testosterone level were also measured to validate the breeding and non‐breeding paradigms.ResultsTesticular volume, plasma testosterone level, and sperm count showed a significant reduction during non‐breeding season. The number of kisspeptin‐positive cells was significantly increased during the breeding season (p < 0.05), whereas more RFRP‐3‐positive cell bodies were seen in the non‐breeding season (p < 0.01). Close contacts of RFRP‐3 fibers with kisspeptin cells showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) across seasons. However, co‐localization of RFRP‐3‐ir cell bodies onto kisspeptin IR cell bodies showed a statistical increase (p < 0.01) in non‐breeding season.ConclusionIn higher primates, RFRP‐3 decreases kisspeptin drives from the same cells to GnRH neurons in an autocrine manner causing suppression of the reproductive axis during the non‐breeding period.
Negotiating mentoring relationships and support for Black and Brown early‐career faculty
Authors: King Natalie S. , Upadhyay Bhaskar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this essay, we share historical and structural components of mentoring within institutions of higher education and grapple with technical and moral obligations of support. We argue for more humanizing approaches that embed personal, social, and cultural aspects of mentoring, and seek to disrupt the purposes of mentoring, and for whom? Using a critical approach, we promote justice‐oriented and equity‐driven models of mentoring that account for excessive teaching loads and service commitments for faculty at minority‐serving institutions and Black and Brown faculty at predominantly White institutions. Current promotion and tenure publish or perish models neglect the intellectual and scholarly contributions made through teaching and service and therefore hold the same level of expectations for engagement in and dissemination of research. We share our own stories as Faculty of Color navigating institutional structures during the promotion and tenure process, while also negotiating incongruent cultures of our personal and professional lives. Furthermore, we address the need for mentoring and networking within exclusionary spaces to support the productivity and critical research agendas of Black and Brown faculty that often challenge the white heteronormative cultures of our institutions, professional organizations, peer‐reviewed journals, and prestigious funding mechanisms. Implications of this essay include an acknowledgment of oppressive systems that early‐career Black and Brown faculty often navigate and a call for diverse mentoring programs and supports that conform with and validate our lives and needs. Furthermore, we provide recommendations on evidence‐based resources and approaches that are available to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics faculty and science educators.
NiSe and CoSe Topological Nodal‐Line Semimetals: A Sustainable Platform for Efficient Thermoplasmonics and Solar‐Driven Photothermal Membrane Distillation
Authors: Abramovich Shir , Dutta Debasis , Rizza Carlo , Santoro Sergio , Aquino Marco , Cupolillo Anna , Occhiuzzi Jessica , Russa Mauro Francesco La , Ghosh Barun , Farias Daniel , Locatelli Andrea , Boukhvalov Danil W. , Agarwal Amit , Curcio Efrem , Bar Sadan Maya , Politano Antonio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe control of heat at the nanoscale via the excitation of localized surface plasmons in nanoparticles (NPs) irradiated with light holds great potential in several fields (cancer therapy, catalysis, desalination). To date, most thermoplasmonic applications are based on Ag and Au NPs, whose cost of raw materials inevitably limits the scalability for industrial applications requiring large amounts of photothermal NPs, as in the case of desalination plants. On the other hand, alternative nanomaterials proposed so far exhibit severe restrictions associated with the insufficient photothermal efficacy in the visible, the poor chemical stability, and the challenging scalability. Here, it is demonstrated the outstanding potential of NiSe and CoSe topological nodal‐line semimetals for thermoplasmonics. The anisotropic dielectric properties of NiSe and CoSe activate additional plasmonic resonances. Specifically, NiSe and CoSe NPs support multiple localized surface plasmons in the optical range, resulting in a broadband matching with sunlight radiation spectrum. Finally, it is validated the proposed NiSe and CoSe‐based thermoplasmonic platform by implementing solar‐driven membrane distillation by adopting NiSe and CoSe nanofillers embedded in a polymeric membrane for seawater desalination. Remarkably, replacing Ag with NiSe and CoSe for solar membrane distillation increases the transmembrane flux by 330% and 690%, respectively. Correspondingly, costs of raw materials are also reduced by 24 and 11 times, respectively. The results pave the way for the advent of NiSe and CoSe for efficient and sustainable thermoplasmonics and related applications exploiting sunlight within the paradigm of the circular blue economy.
Enhancing the Microstructure of Perovskite‐Inspired Cu‐Ag‐Bi‐I Absorber for Efficient Indoor Photovoltaics
Authors: Grandhi G. Krishnamurthy , Al‐Anesi Basheer , Pasanen Hannu , Ali‐Löytty Harri , Lahtonen Kimmo , Granroth Sari , Christian Nino , Matuhina Anastasia , Liu Maning , Berdin Alex , Pecunia Vincenzo , Vivo Paola 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLead‐free perovskite‐inspired materials (PIMs) are gaining attention in optoelectronics due to their low toxicity and inherent air stability. Their wide bandgaps (≈2 eV) make them ideal for indoor light harvesting. However, the investigation of PIMs for indoor photovoltaics (IPVs) is still in its infancy. Herein, the IPV potential of a quaternary PIM, Cu2AgBiI6 (CABI), is demonstrated upon controlling the film crystallization dynamics via additive engineering. The addition of 1.5 vol% hydroiodic acid (HI) leads to films with improved surface coverage and large crystalline domains. The morphologically‐enhanced CABI+HI absorber leads to photovoltaic cells with a power conversion efficiency of 1.3% under 1 sun illumination—the highest efficiency ever reported for CABI cells and of 4.7% under indoor white light‐emitting diode lighting—that is, within the same range of commercial IPVs. This work highlights the great potential of CABI for IPVs and paves the way for future performance improvements through effective passivation strategies.
Histopathological evaluation of the interrenal gland (adrenal homolog) of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) exposed to graphene oxide
Authors: Dasmahapatra Asok K. , Tchounwou Paul B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDue to unique physicochemical properties and wide industrial and biomedical applications, graphene oxide (GO) is ubiquitous in the aquatic ecosystem. Using Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) fish as a model, we previously demonstrated minimal endocrine disrupting (ED) effects of GO on reproductive organs, and thyroids. Current study investigated the ED‐effects of GO on the interrenal gland (IRG) of medaka. Breeding pairs of adult male and female fish were exposed to 0 mg/L (control) or 20 mg/L GO by continuous immersion for 96 h, or to 0 or 100 μg/g GO by intraperitoneal administration. Also, 1 day post‐hatch (dph) larvae were exposed to different concentrations of GO (2.5–20 mg/L) for 96 h. IRG was evaluated by immunohistochemical techniques after 21 days depuration in adults and 6 weeks in larvae. IRG cells were counted and the nuclear area was measured in hematoxylin–eosin stained sections using ImageJ software. We found that IRG is distributed adjacent to the posterior cardinal vein and its branches within the head kidney. Columnar/oval shaped periodic acid‐Schiff negative, tyrosine hydroxylase positive cells are arranged either in a single, or in groups, sometimes encircling a sinusoid, or in a straight chord, laying adjacent to the endothelium of the cardinal vein, and having eosinophilic cytoplasm with round/oval basophilic nuclei. GO effect on nuclei and cell population in IRG was inconsistent; depending on exposure route, sex, and/or age of the fish. Also, because of its high adsorptive property and sharp edges, GO probably agglomerated on IRG, and induced physical injury, and ED effects.
Fluoride removal using capacitive deionization process employing carbon electrodes
Authors: Kumar Praween , Kushwaha Rohit , Mohan Devendra 
Published: July 2022

AbstractContamination of groundwater with fluoride poses adverse health impacts for humans. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of capacitive deionization process for fluoride removal from groundwater. In this study, composition of binder content was optimized and the experiments were performed using a lab scale batch reactor. Effect of initial ionic concentration on the removal efficiency was also studied. The electrodes were also evaluated for their efficiency to remove arsenic. The maximum fluoride removal efficiency obtained was 99.1% for the PVDF content of 15% (w/w) whereas for arsenic it was only 52%. The voltage applied across the electrodes was only 1.2V. Electrodes were tested for their physical strength and their characterization was done using Scanning Electron Microscope. Sorption kinetics of the electrodes was also investigated and was found that the adsorption followed elovich model most closely.