bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Education plays a crucial role in the pathway from poverty to smoking: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Shi Xiaoqiang , Yuan Wenji , Cao Qingyi , Cui Wenyan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsDisproportionately high rates of smoking have been found in low‐income communities, but the causal direction and role of education in this relationship remains less well understood. Here, we used bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to measure the causal relationships between smoking, income and education.DesignTwo‐sample univariable and multivariable MR analyses were conducted to evaluate the total and direct effect of income and education on tobacco smoking. The effects of smoking on education and income were explored with reverse MR analysis.SettingEuropean ancestry.ParticipantsThe most recent large‐scale genome‐wide association study (GWAS) summary data on educational attainment, household income and smoking (n = 143 210–766 345).MeasurementsGenetic variants for exposures including income, education and smoking.FindingsBoth income and education had protective effects against smoking, especially for smoking initiation (education: β = −0.447, 95% CI = −0.508 to −0.387, P < 0.001; income: β = −0.290, 95% CI = −0.43 to −0.149, P < 0.001) and cessation (education: β = −0.364, 95% CI = −0.429 to −0.298, P < 0.001; income: β = −0.323, 95% CI = −0.448 to −0.197, P < 0.001). Here, higher scores in cessation indicated a lower likelihood of quitting according to the coding scheme. There was little evidence that income influenced smoking once education was controlled for, whereas education could significantly affect smoking behaviours independently of income (P = 3.40 × 10−10–0.0272). The reverse MR results suggested that smoking may result in a loss of years of schooling (β = −0.190, 95% CI = −0.297 to −0.083, P < 0.001) and reduced earnings (β = −0.204, 95% CI = −0.347 to −0.060, P = 0.006).ConclusionsEducation appears to play an important role in the relationship between income and smoking. There is a bidirectional association of smoking with socioeconomic status.
Effect of fluence levels on prophylactic corneal cross‐linking for laser in situ keratomileusis and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy
Authors: Lu Nan‐Ji , Hafezi Farhad , Torres‐Netto Emilio A. , Assaf Jad F. , Aslanides Ioannis M. , Awwad Shady T. , Chen Shihao , Cui Le‐Le , Koppen Carina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study is to assess the effect of various fluence levels on prophylactic corneal cross‐linking (CXL) combined with femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (FS‐LASIK‐Xtra) or transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TransPRK‐Xtra) on biomechanics, demarcation line (DL), and stromal haze.MethodsProspective analysis where two prophylactic CXL protocols (lower/higher fluence [LF/HF]: 30 mw/cm2, 60/80 s, 1.8/2.4 J/cm2) were performed as part of either an FS‐LASIK‐Xtra or TransPRK‐Xtra procedure. Data were collected preoperatively and at 1 week and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Main outcome measures were (1) dynamic corneal response parameters and the stress–strain index (SSI) from Corvis, (2) actual DL depth (ADL), and (3) stromal haze on OCT images analysed by a machine learning algorithm.ResultsEighty‐six eyes from 86 patients underwent FS‐LASIK‐Xtra‐HF (21 eyes), FS‐LASIK‐Xtra‐LF (21 eyes), TransPRK‐Xtra‐HF (23 eyes), and TransPRK‐Xtra‐LF (21 eyes). SSI increased similarly by around 15% in all groups 6 months postoperatively (p = 0.155). All other corneal biomechanical parameters were statistically significant worsening postoperatively, but the change was similar in all groups. At 1 month postoperatively, there was no statistical difference in mean ADL among four groups (p = 0.613), mean stromal haze was similar between the two FS‐LASIK‐Xtra groups, but higher in the TransPRK‐Xtra‐HF group compared with the TransPRK‐Xtra‐LF group.ConclusionsFS‐LASIK‐Xtra and TransPRK‐Xtra lead to a similar ADL and improve SSI equally. Lower fluence prophylactic CXL might be recommended as it achieves similar mean ADL with potentially less induced stromal haze, especially in TransPRK. The clinical relevance and applicability of such protocols remains to be assessed.
Interconnection between cardiovascular, renal and metabolic disorders: A narrative review with a focus on Japan
Authors: Kadowaki Takashi , Maegawa Hiroshi , Watada Hirotaka , Yabe Daisuke , Node Koichi , Murohara Toyoaki , Wada Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInsights from epidemiological, clinical and basic research are illuminating the interplay between metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and kidney dysfunction, termed cardio‐renal‐metabolic (CRM) disease. Broadly defined, CRM disease involves multidirectional interactions between metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), various types of CVD and chronic kidney disease (CKD). T2D confers increased risk for heart failure, which—although well known—has only recently come into focus for treatment, and may differ by ethnicity, whereas atherosclerotic heart disease is a well‐established complication of T2D. Many people with T2D also have CKD, with a higher risk in Asians than their Western counterparts. Furthermore, CVD increases the risk of CKD and vice versa, with heart failure, notably, present in approximately half of CKD patients. Molecular mechanisms involved in CRM disease include hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, hyperactivity of the renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system, production of advanced glycation end‐products, oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, endoplasmic reticulum stress, calcium‐handling abnormalities, mitochondrial malfunction and deficient energy production, and chronic inflammation. Pathophysiological manifestations of these processes include diabetic cardiomyopathy, vascular endothelial dysfunction, cardiac and renal fibrosis, glomerular hyperfiltration, renal hypoperfusion and venous congestion, reduced exercise tolerance leading to metabolic dysfunction, and calcification of atherosclerotic plaque. Importantly, recognition of the interaction between CRM diseases would enable a more holistic approach to CRM care, rather than isolated treatment of individual conditions, which may improve patient outcomes. Finally, aspects of CRM diseases may differ between Western and East Asian countries such as Japan, a super‐ageing country, with potential differences in epidemiology, complications and prognosis that represent an important avenue for future research.
Association of dietary diversity with all‐cause mortality by body mass index in Japanese older adults: An age‐specific prospective cohort study (NISSIN project)
Authors: Takabayashi Saeka , Hirata Takumi , Zhao Wenjing , Kimura Takashi , Ukawa Shigekazu , Tsushita Kazuyo , Wakai Kenji , Kawamura Takashi , Ando Masahiko , Tamakoshi Akiko 
Published: August 2022

AimDietary diversity might reduce the risk of malnutrition, although it is also linked to obesity. We examined whether dietary diversity is associated with all‐cause mortality in Japanese older adults based on their body mass index (BMI).MethodsThe current study included 2944 people aged 64–65 years who participated in the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation (NISSIN) project from 1996 to 2005. Dietary diversity was measured using the Food Variety Score (FVS), which calculates the frequency of all food items consumed daily using a self‐administered food frequency questionnaire. Participants were divided into tertiles according to their FVS (first: low, second: middle, third: high). Multivariate adjusted hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard regression model. For the stratified analysis, BMI was used to divide the participants into three groups – lean (BMI <20), normal (BMI 20–24.9) and overweight/obese (BMI ≥25).ResultsOverall, 454 (30.7%) men and 222 (15.2%) women died over a median follow‐up period of 16.6 years. No significant association was observed between FVS and all‐cause mortality. However, when grouped by BMI, for the participants in the lean group, the multivariate adjusted hazard ratios were 0.56 (95% confidence interval 0.32–0.96) for the middle FVS and 0.50 (95% confidence interval 0.25–1.02) for the high FVS, compared with the low FVS (P for trend = 0.059). In overweight/obese women, although not significant, total mortality was higher in the middle and high FVS.ConclusionsThese findings show that dietary diversity should be promoted in lean older Japanese adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 736–744.
The effects of Kinesio taping and breathing exercises on pain management after gynaecological abdominal surgery: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Yılmaz Sakine , Terzioğlu Füsun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of Kinesio taping and breathing exercises on pain management after gynaecological abdominal surgery.MethodsThis randomized controlled study was conducted with 132 participants at a public hospital between June 2017 and 2018. The Kinesio taping method was applied once, immediately after the surgery during the hospital stay and breathing exercises were performed three times a day for 30 min on the first, second and third post‐operative days.ResultsThe median age of the women was 47 years. The mean body mass index was 27.6 ± 5.0 kg/m2. When the intervention and control groups were compared, the level of women's pain in the Kinesio taping group was significantly reduced. There was also a statistically significant difference in terms of the passage of gas and defecation time and wound healing in groups with Kinesio taping.ConclusionsKinesio taping has been shown to be an effective intervention in the management of acute pain after surgery. The results of this study suggest that future studies may be indicated to study taping in other surgical conditions.
Aging is accompanied by T‐cell stiffening and reduced interstitial migration through dysfunctional nuclear organization
Authors: González‐Bermúdez Blanca , Kobayashi Hikaru , Abarca‐Ortega Aldo , Córcoles‐Lucas Miguel , González‐Sánchez Mónica , De la Fuente Mónica , Guinea Gustavo V. , Elices Manuel , Plaza Gustavo R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAge‐associated changes in T‐cell function play a central role in immunosenescence. The role of aging in the decreased T‐cell repertoire, primarily because of thymic involution, has been extensively studied. However, increasing evidence indicates that aging also modulates the mechanical properties of cells and the internal ordering of diverse cell components. Cellular functions are generally dictated by the biophysical phenotype of cells, which itself is also tightly regulated at the molecular level. Based on previous evidence suggesting that the relative nuclear size contributes to variations of T‐cell stiffness, here we examined whether age‐associated changes in T‐cell migration are dictated by biophysical parameters, in part through nuclear cytoskeleton organization and cell deformability. In this study, we first performed longitudinal analyses of a repertoire of 111 functional, biophysical and biomolecular features of the nucleus and cytoskeleton of mice CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, in both naive and memory state. Focusing on the pairwise correlations, we found that age‐related changes in nuclear architecture and internal ordering were correlated with T‐cell stiffening and declined interstitial migration. A similarity analysis confirmed that cell‐to‐cell variation was a direct result of the aging process and we applied regression models to identify biomarkers that can accurately estimate individuals' age. Finally, we propose a biophysical model for a comprehensive understanding of the results: aging involves an evolution of the relative nuclear size, in part through DNA‐hypomethylation and nuclear lamin B1, which implies an increased cell stiffness, thus inducing a decline in cell migration.
Online stochastic weighted matching algorithm for real‐time shared parking
Authors: Tang Zhenpeng , Jiang Yanping , Yang Feifei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractParking management plays an important role in the efficiency of transportation systems. We study the problem of matching shared parking slots with demanders online on a parking platform with the aim of managing parking spaces intelligently and efficiently. In our setting, the demanders submitting parking requests sequentially are assumed to be drawn from a distribution over demander types. No further assumptions about the demander arrival stream are needed. Matching decisions are triggered by arrival events instead of time points. This benefits the demanders by immediate responses to parking requests. An online matching algorithm is designed to make real‐time decisions and maximize social welfare. We demonstrated that the algorithm has a large competitive ratio, which implies a good performance of the algorithm. Numerical experiments are conducted to further examine the performance of the algorithm. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm can achieve such a large competitive ratio in a real‐time matching way as the batch matching algorithm does in a serious delay matching way.
Operation strategy in an E‐commerce platform supply chain: whether and how to introduce live streaming services?
Authors: Zhang Xuemei , Chen Haoran , Liu Zhi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractE‐commerce platforms provide sales channels for enterprises to exploit more markets. Meanwhile, E‐commerce platform supply chain members are increasingly using live streaming services to boost profits. However, whether to introduce live streaming services to E‐commerce platform supply chain and which operation strategy to implement is unclear. In this study, we construct three models to examine the operation strategy in an E‐commerce platform supply chain by considering live streaming services. The results show that introducing live streaming services is always beneficial for both the E‐commerce platform and live streaming services supplier. When live streaming services is introduced and an appropriate revenue sharing proportion and signing fees are set by the E‐commerce platform supply chain members, the operation strategy of live streaming services introduced and implemented by the manufacturer is the consistent choice for E‐commerce platform supply chain members, which is also beneficial for E‐commerce platform supply chain system and consumers.
Investigation on antiferroelectricity of Pb0.97La0.02(Hf1−xTix)O3ceramics with low Ti content (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1)
Authors: Xu Ran , Wang Mengjiao , Zhu Qingshan , Xu Zhuo , Feng Yujun , Wei Xiaoyong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPbHfO3was found with antiferroelectricity early and identical to PbZrO3in many aspects but much less attention was received. In the present work, the PbHfO3‐based ceramics with compositions of Pb0.97La0.02(Hf1−xTix)O3(PLHT, 0 ≤ x≤ 0.1) were fabricated, and their antiferroelectricity was investigated. All the compositions have an initially antiferroelectric (AFE) phase and by introducing Ti content, the AFE phase is destabilized. Typical AFE‐like double polarization‐electric field (P–E) loop was observed in compositions with 0 ≤ x≤ 0.08. Whenx= 0.10, the composition is initially AFE but remains ferroelectric (FE) phase after the removal of the external electric field, resulting in an FE‐like singleP–Eloop. The temperature dependence of phase transition and multiple phase transition behavior in PLHT was also studied. This work revealed the antiferroelectricity in PLHT with low Ti content. In addition, the potential application of PLHT for energy storage and conversion was also discussed. A recoverable energy density of 7.1 J/cm3and efficiency of 78.5% were achieved in Pb0.97La0.02HfO3at 300 kV/cm.
Impact of maxillofacial growth on implants placed in adults: A narrative review
Authors: Papalexopoulos Dimokritos , Samartzi Theodora‐Kalliopi , Tsirogiannis Panagiotis , Sykaras Nikitas , Sarafianou Aspasia , Kourtis Stefanos , Mikeli Aikaterini 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effect of lifetime maxillofacial changes on dental implants placed in adults, analyze the clinical implications of these changes, identify prognostic factors, and offer possible solutions.OverviewThe relationship between implant placement and maxillofacial changes, occurring during not only the active growth period but also the entire span of adulthood, has not been extensively examined. Vertical differences between implants and adjacent teeth due to the ankylotic behavior of the former might be observed at any age and endanger restoration biologically, functionally, and esthetically. Regarding interproximal contacts, firm contact loss may occur within a few months after restoration, resulting in food impaction. Many prognostic factors have been reported, but most do not exhibit a statistically significant association with implant infraocclusion and interproximal contact loss. Incorporation of alternative solutions, accurate treatment planning, strict recall protocols, and retrievability of implant‐supported restorations can facilitate efficient management of complications.ConclusionMaxillomandibular changes throughout adulthood may lead to complications such as implant infraocclusion and interproximal contact loss. Rehabilitation of edentulism should be characterized by well‐designed and flexible treatment plans to resolve long‐term complications efficiently. Further long‐term clinical studies are needed to identify other risk factors.Clinical SignificanceTreatment plans for implant therapy should be reconsidered for adults. Careful patient monitoring and early intervention are essential for securing treatment outcomes.
Rebound effect and sustainability science: A review
Authors: Font Vivanco David , Freire‐González Jaume , Galvin Ray , Santarius Tilman , Walnum Hans Jakob , Makov Tamar , Sala Serenella 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRebound effects have been historically studied through narrow framings which may overlook the complexity of sustainability challenges, sometimes leading to badly informed conclusions and policy recommendations. Here we present a critical literature review of rebound effects in the context of sustainability science in order to (1) map existing rebound research which goes beyond mainstream approaches, (2) unveil and classify current knowledge gaps in relation to sustainability science, (3) outline a research agenda, and (4) provide a knowledge base to support the design of effective policies toward sustainable development. We analyzed the literature in accordance with seven criteria for sustainable assessment: boundary orientedness, comprehensiveness, integratedness, stakeholder involvement, scalability, strategicness, and transparency. Our review identified three main issues: (1) the failure to address the multidimensionality of rebound effects, whereby both negative and positive outcomes may arise simultaneously, (2) the shift toward absolute rebound metrics which enables the contextualization of its effect with respect to science and policy goals, and (3) a general lack of attention to behavioral effects. We conclude that addressing these issues will help rebound research gain explanatory power and relevance for key decision‐makers. We envision that with better alignment with sustainability science, future rebound research could help elucidate trade‐offs in policies, including why certain strategies such as those based on the circular economy might fall short of expectations, and why achieving key goals and targets such as the sustainable development goals is so challenging. This knowledge is crucial for promoting a prioritization of actions and a concrete transition toward sustainability.
Outcomes of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug toxicosis treated with therapeutic plasma exchange in 62 dogs
Authors: Butty Emmanuelle M. , Suter Steven E. , Chalifoux Nolan V. , Lynch Alex M. , Mauro Katie D. , Moyle Rachel B. , Ehrhardt Caryn M. , Robertson James B. , Culler Christine A. , Londoño Leonel A. , Vigani Alessio , Ueda Yu , Labato Mary A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundTherapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is gaining popularity for the management of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) overdose in dogs.Hypothesis/ObjectivesDescribe a population of dogs treated with TPE for NSAID overdose.AnimalsSixty‐two dogs with NSAID overdose treated with TPE.MethodsMulticenter retrospective study of dogs treated with TPE for ibuprofen, carprofen, or naproxen overdose.ResultsThe median dose of ibuprofen, carprofen or naproxen ingested was 533 mg/kg (range, 36‐4857 mg/kg), 217 mg/kg (range, 88‐625 mg/kg) and 138 mg/kg (range, 26‐3000 mg/kg), respectively. Based on previously established toxic ranges for each NSAID, 2 (3.2%), 14 (22.6%), and 46 (74.2%) dogs ingested a gastrointestinal, renal, and neurological toxic dose, respectively. The median time between ingestion and presentation was 4 hours (range, 1‐20 hours). The median number of plasma volumes processed was 1.6 (range, 0.4‐2.2). The median TPE session duration was 2 hours (range, 1‐4.5 hours). Circuit clotting developed during 8 (12.9%) sessions. Patient adverse events reported during 21 (33.8%) sessions consisted of urticaria (12.9%), asymptomatic hypocalcemia (9.6%), and hypotension (9.6%). The median duration of hospitalization was 2.25 days (range, 1‐11 days). Sixty‐one (98.4%) dogs survived to discharge, and none were rehospitalized. Thirty‐one (91.1%) of the 34 dogs with at least 1 follow‐up visit were not azotemic at the time of reevaluation.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThis population of dogs managed with TPE had excellent outcomes, even in cases of high NSAID dose ingestion. When TPE is available and the time frame is appropriate, this extracorporeal modality should be considered for the management of NSAID overdose.
Effect of atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) on chlorine-adapted Salmonella enterica on spring onion
Authors: Kazemzadeh P. , Khorram S. , Mahmoudzadeh M. , Ehsani A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
One of the main drawbacks of chlorine disinfectants is the emergence of chlorine adapted (CA) or resistant microbial cells. This research aimed to investigate the effect of chlorine adaptation on resistance of Salmonella enterica upon atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) application at different voltages (6, 8 and 11 kV) and times (5, 10 and 15 min). Due to higher conversion efficiency and reduced dielectric barrier discharge power consumption, this method was used for cold plasma generation in this study. A higher lethality effect was observed from a higher voltage and longest times (11 kV-15 min) on CA S. enterica than on non-CA (P &lt; 0·05). Still, it induced higher percentages of injured cells in CA (58·77%) than on non-CA (0·61%) (P &lt; 0·05). The highest ACP effect on the inactivation of the indigenous natural flora of onion leaves was observed at the lowest voltage (P &lt; 0·05). More than 3 log CFU/g reduction (P &lt; 0·05) was observed at 6 kV after 5 and 10 min. ACP reduced CA and non-CA S. enterica cells on onion leaf surface to a lower extent than pure-treated cells in broth media. Nevertheless, similar to broth media, a high percentage of injury (61·03%) was induced on CA cells at higher voltage (11 kV-10 min) compared to non-CA (2·15%) (P &lt; 0·05). Biofilm results revealed ACP application (6 kV-5 min) reduced average ODs in CA and non-CA cells (P &lt; 0·05). Chlorine adaptation and ACP treatment influenced the antibiotic resistance pattern according to applied voltage, time and antibiotic type. The finding showed despite the highest lethality of high voltages and long times (11 kV-15 min), given the high percentages of injured cells, lower voltages may offer acceptable inactivation of pathogenic bacteria with lower injury induction. In conclusion, ACP has the potential ability to eliminate CA cells of S. enterica, which are predominant in fresh-cut vegetable outbreaks.