bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
If you personalize it, will they use it?: Self-reported and observed use of a tailored, internet-based pain self-management program
Authors: Reuman Lillian , Solar Chelsey , MacLean R Ross , Halat Allison M , Rajeevan Haseena , Williams David A , Heapy Alicia A , Bair Matthew J , Krein Sarah L , Kerns Robert D , Higgins Diana M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Little is known about how individuals with chronic pain use tailored internet-based interventions. This study is the first to compare self-reported skill module use to observed module access and to examine each of these in relationship to tailored recommendations to access specific content. Participants (N = 58) enrolled in a 10-week trial of the Pain EASE program, a tailored internet-based intervention that includes 10 pain self-management skill modules. Participants completed a “Self-Assessment,” which was used to provide a “Personalized Plan” that encouraged accessing specific modules. Participants self-reported module use during weekly data collection telephone calls. Program log data were extracted to capture “observed” module use during the trial period. Findings indicated significantly greater self-reported use of the Pain EASE modules compared to observed access with log data. Further, log data revealed that participants accessed less than half of the modules recommended to them via tailoring.
Feedback on Instagram posts for a gestational weight gain intervention
Authors: Waring Molly E , Pagoto Sherry L , Moore Simas Tiffany A , Heersping Grace , Rudin Lauren R , Arcangel Kaylei 
Published: February 2022

Lay Summary
Lifestyle interventions can facilitate healthy gestational weight gain but attending in-person meetings can be challenging. The majority of young women use Instagram and pregnancy is a popular topic, suggesting that Instagram might be a means to deliver a pregnancy weight gain intervention. In this study, we asked pregnant women with pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity to join a private group on Instagram and provide feedback on intervention posts about healthy eating and physical activity during pregnancy. All participants followed the moderator’s account, 73% followed all other participants, participants engaged with 100% of study posts, 82% felt comfortable sharing in the group, and 73% would participate in a similar group if pregnant in the future. Participants shared their opinions of the posts in a focus group. While participants felt that the posts were visually attractive and included helpful information, they wanted more personalized content and felt reluctant to post photos they felt were not “Instagram worthy”. Moderators should foster an environment in which participants feel comfortable posting unedited, authentic photos of their lives, perhaps by sharing personal photos that are relatable and represent their own imperfect lives. These findings will inform further development and testing of an Instagram-delivered gestational weight gain intervention.
Qualitative inquiry with primary care providers and specialists about adult weight management care and referrals
Authors: Bailey-Davis Lisa , Pinto Angela Marinilli , Hanna David J , Rethorst Chad D , Still Christopher D , Foster Gary D 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Obesity is a highly prevalent disease and providers are expected to offer or refer patients for weight management yet increasingly fewer clinical visits address obesity. Challenges to offering care are known but less is known about referrals and how specialists who treat obesity-related comorbidities address care and referrals. This study explored perceptions of primary care providers (PCPs) and specialty providers regarding care and referrals for weight management, specifically referrals to programs in the community setting. A qualitative design was used to interview 33 PCPs (mean age 54 years) and 31 specialists (cardiology, gynecology, endocrinology, and orthopedics [mean age 62 years]) in the USA during 2019. Each interview was conducted by telephone, audio-recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Inductive analysis was used and followed the constant comparative method. Four themes emerged from the data including (a) Clinical guidelines and provider discretion influence obesity care; (b) Facilitators and barriers to discussing weight and small step strategies; (c) Informal referrals are made for weight management in community settings; and (d) Opportunities and challenges for integrating clinical and community services for weight management. Facilitating referrals to effective programs, ideally with a feedback loop could coordinate care and enhance accountability, but education, compliance, and cost issues need addressed. Care may be offered but not be well-aligned with clinical guidelines. Knowledge gaps regarding community programs’ offerings and efficacy were evident. Referrals could be systematically promoted, facilitated, and tracked to advance weight management objectives.
Inhibition of lncRNA RET enhances radio-sensitivity of tumor cells via miR-3179/Slug/PTEN axis
Authors: Liang Xinxin , Li Xueping , Wang Ping , Chen Zhongmin , Yan Ziyan , Ao Xingkun , Liu Yuhao , Zhu Jiaojiao , Xi Tingting , Zhou Shenghui , Li Zhongqiu , Li Chao , Zhu Maoxiang , Zhou Ping-Kun , Gu Yongqing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Radioresistance is one of the key obstacles that may lead to the failure of cancer treatment. The underlying mechanisms of radioresistance remain largely unknown; however, increasing evidence has shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in radiotherapy resistance of several cancers. In the present study, we demonstrated that radiation-elevated transcript (RET), a newly identified lnRNA, was highly expressed in cancer cells. Knockdown of RET significantly inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of cancer cells and markedly inhibited apoptosis. Furthermore, downregulation of RET in cancer cells significantly inhibited cell growth, decreased colony survival fractions, and promoted apoptosis in response to radiation treatment, indicating a role in radiation resistance. Moreover, RET knockdown significantly increased the expression of γ-H2AX, an indicator of DNA double strand damage, and reversed radiation-induced EMT, both of which contributed to its radiation resistance. In addition, a negative correlation was found between the expression of RET and PTEN. Rescue assays confirmed RET knockdown enhanced radiosensitivity of cancer cells by upregulating the expression of PTEN. Mechanistically, RET positively regulated Slug, a repressor of PTEN transcription, by acting as a molecular sponge of miR-3179. Our present study showed that RET conferred radioresistance by regulating miR-3179/Slug/PTEN axis, indicating that RET may be a potential target for the clinical application in cancer patients with radioresistance.
Microvesicle-Derived miRNAs Regulate Proinflammatory Macrophage Activation in the Lung Following Ozone Exposure
Authors: Carnino Jonathan M , Lee Heedoo , Smith Ley Cody , Sunil Vasanthi R , Rancourt Raymond C , Vayas Kinal , Cervelli Jessica , Kwok Zhi Hao , Ni Kareemah , Laskin Jeffrey D , Jin Yang , Laskin Debra L 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Ozone is a ubiquitous air pollutant that causes lung damage and altered functioning. Evidence suggests that proinflammatory macrophages contribute to ozone toxicity. Herein, we analyzed the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and microRNA (miRNA) cargo in ozone-induced macrophage activation. Exposure of mice to ozone (0.8 ppm, 3 h) resulted in increases in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid EVs, which were comprised predominantly of microvesicles (MVs). NanoFACS analysis revealed that MVs generated following both air and ozone exposure was largely from CD45+ myeloid cells; these MVs were readily taken up by macrophages. Functionally, MVs from ozone, but not air treated mice, upregulated mRNA expression of inflammatory proteins in macrophages including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), CXCL-1, CXCL-2, and interleukin (IL)-1β. The miRNA profile of MVs in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was altered after ozone exposure; thus, increases in miR-21, miR-145, miR320a, miR-155, let-7b, miR744, miR181, miR-17, miR-92a, and miR-199a-3p were observed, whereas miR-24-3p and miR-20 were reduced. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed that these miRNAs regulate pathways that promote inflammatory macrophage activation, and predicted that let-7a-5p/let-7b, miR-24-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-17, and miR-181a-5p are key upstream regulators of inflammatory proteins. After ozone exposure, miR-199a-3p, but not precursor miR-199a-3p, was increased in lung macrophages, indicating that it is derived from MV-mediated delivery. Furthermore, lung macrophage mRNA expression of IL-1β was upregulated after administration of MVs containing miR-199a-3p mimic but downregulated by miR-199a-3p inhibitor. Collectively, these data suggest that MVs generated following ozone exposure contribute to proinflammatory macrophage activation via MV-derived miRNAs including miR-199a-3p. These findings identify a novel pathway regulating macrophage inflammatory responses to inhaled ozone.
RNAi-Based Gene Silencing of RXLR Effectors Protects Plants Against the Oomycete Pathogen Phytophthora capsici
Authors: Cheng Wei , Lin Menglan , Chu Moli , Xiang Guixiang , Guo Jianwen , Jiang Yan , Guan Deyi , He Shuilin 
Published: February 2022

Phytophthora capsici is a broad–host range oomycete pathogen that can cause severe phytophthora blight disease of pepper and hundreds of other plant species worldwide. Natural resistance against P. capsici is inadequate, and it is very difficult to control by most of existing chemical fungicides. Therefore, it is urgent to develop alternative strategies to control this pathogen. Recently, host-induced or spray-induced gene silencing of essential or virulent pathogen genes provided an effective strategy for disease controls. Here, we demonstrate that P. capsici can effectively take up small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) from the environment. According to RNA-seq and quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis, we identified four P. capsici RXLR effector genes that are significantly up-regulated during the infection stage. Transient overexpression and promote-infection assays indicated that RXLR1 and RXLR4 could promote pathogen infection. Using a virus-induced gene silencing system in pepper plants, we found that in planta–expressing RNA interference (RNAi) constructs that target RXLR1 or RXLR4 could significantly reduce pathogen infection, while co-interfering RXLR1 and RXLR4 could confer a more enhanced resistance to P. capsici. We also found that exogenously applying siRNAs that target RXLR1 or RXLR4 could restrict growth of P. capsici on the pepper and Nicotiana benthamiana leaves; when targeting RXLR1 and RXLR4 simultaneously, the control effect was more remarkable. These data suggested that RNAi-based gene silencing of RXLR effectors has great potential for application in crop improvement against P. capsici and also provides an important basis for the development of RNA-based antioomycete agents. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Molecular and Cytogenetic Identification of Stem Rust Resistant Wheat–Thinopyrum intermedium Introgression Lines
Authors: Li Jianbo , Bao Yinguang , Han Ran , Wang Xiaolu , Xu Wenjing , Li Guangrong , Yang Zujun , Zhang Xiaojun , Li Xin , Liu Aifeng , Li Haosheng , Liu Jianjun , Zhang Peng , Liu Cheng 
Published: February 2022

Thinopyrum intermedium (JJJsJsStSt, 2n = 6x = 42), a wild relative of common wheat, possesses many desirable agronomic genes for wheat improvement. The production of wheat–Thinopyrum intermedium introgression lines is a key step for transferring these beneficial genes into wheat. In this study, we characterized three wheat–Thinopyrum intermedium introgression lines TA3681, TA5566, and TA5567 using non-denaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization, genomic in situ hybridization, PCR-based landmark unique gene, and intron targeting markers. Our results showed that TA3681 is a wheat–Thinopyrum intermedium 1St disomic addition line, TA5566 is a wheat–Thinopyrum intermedium non-Robertsonian translocation line carrying two pairs of 3A-7Js translocation chromosomes, and that TA5567 is a wheat–Thinopyrum intermedium non-Robertsonian translocation line carrying a pair of 3A-7Js translocation chromosomes. We developed 13, 36, and 15 Thinopyrum intermedium chromosome-specific markers for detecting the introgressed Thinopyrum chromosomes in TA3681, TA5566, and TA5567, respectively. Stem rust assessment revealed that TA3681 exhibited a high level of seedling resistance to Chinese-prevalent Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici pathotypes, and both TA5566 and TA5567 were highly resistant to Australian P. graminis f. sp. tritici pathotypes, indicating that Thinopyrum intermedium chromosomes 1St and 7Js might carry new stem rust resistance genes. Therefore, the new identified introgression lines may be useful for improving wheat stem rust resistance.
Intensive Care Pressure Injuries: A Cohort Study Using the CALCULATE and Braden Scales
Authors: Vocci Marcelli Cristine , Lopes Saranholi Taís , Amante Miot Hélio , Fernandes Abbade Luciana Patricia 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
Identify both the risk of developing pressure injuries (PIs) by applying the CALCULATE (CriticAL Care pressure ULcer Assessment Tool made Easy) and Braden Scales and the incidence of PIs in adult patients in intensive care.

METHODS
This prospective cohort study was conducted from March 2016 to February 2017 in an adult ICU. The Braden and CALCULATE scales were applied every 48 hours until medical discharge, death, or PI development.

RESULTS
The sample included 100 patients. The investigators obtained 818 evaluations (409 Braden and 409 CALCULATE) with an average of 4.1 observations per patient. According to the CALCULATE scale, 49 participants (49%) were classified as very high risk, compared with 40 participants (40%; P = .204) according to the Braden Scale. Thirty-five patients developed 37 PIs, with a total incidence of 35%. The mean age of patients who developed PIs was 60.3 (SD, 13.7) years, and they averaged 9.2 (SD, 6.8) days of hospitalization, with diagnoses related to cardiorespiratory and neurologic diseases and associated comorbidities of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking. The most affected site was the sacral region; 64.9% of the injuries were classified as stage 1.

CONCLUSIONS
Patients in intensive care were high risk according to both PI scales, and many developed PIs. It is evident that even when preventive measures are used, they are insufficient without the implementation of preventive protocols.
Neonatal Skin Structure: Pressure Injury Staging Challenges
Authors: Nie Ann Marie , Johnson Deanna , Reed Robyn C. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

GENERAL PURPOSE
To review neonatal pressure injuries (PIs), including clinical features and challenges in evaluation and staging related to the unique anatomic features of preterm neonatal skin as well as the common sites and mechanisms of injury.

TARGET AUDIENCE
This continuing education activity is intended for physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and nurses with an interest in skin and wound care.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES
After participating in this educational activity, the participant will:
1. Recognize the causes of PIs in preterm neonates.
2. Choose the outcomes of PIs in preterm neonates.
3. Distinguish the common characteristics of preterm neonates’ skin.
4. Summarize the challenges clinicians face when classifying the PIs of preterm neonates.

OBJECTIVE
To review neonatal pressure injuries (PIs), including clinical features and challenges in evaluation and staging related to the unique anatomic features of preterm neonatal skin, as well as the common sites and mechanisms of injury.

METHODS
A review of the literature and discussion of clinical experiences at a large children’s hospital. Specific topics include the nature and mechanism of PIs, histomorphometric features of skin development in preterm neonates and how these features inform bedside evaluation of PI, and experience-based observations of challenges in evaluating PIs in this vulnerable population.

RESULTS
Pressure injury staging in preterm neonates presents unique challenges: (1) The National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel PI staging model is based on visual identification of depth of injury, but because of the immaturity of the preterm neonate, skin lacks many of the visual cues present in adult PIs. Specific qualitative and quantitative differences in skin development impact the macroscopic appearance of skin at different gestational ages. (2) The most common cause of PIs in this population is related to noninvasive respiratory devices, but these injuries may be extremely small and difficult to evaluate visually.

CONCLUSIONS
The National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel staging system can be difficult to implement accurately in the neonatal population. Further study is warranted to determine whether an alternative staging system may provide more accurate and actionable information for this population.
Isolated systolic hypertension is associated with increased left ventricular mass index and aortic stiffness in adolescents: a cardiac magnetic resonance study
Authors: Sarnecki Jędrzej , Obrycki Łukasz , Feber Janusz , Chełstowska Sylwia , Jurkiewicz Elżbieta , Litwin Mieczysław 
Published: February 2022

Objectives:
Despite the high prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) among hypertensive adolescents, its clinical significance is not determined. In addition, it is hypothesized that ISH with normal central blood pressure (BP) in young patients is a benign phenomenon and was hence labeled spurious hypertension (sHTN).

Methods:
Using cardiac magnetic resonance we evaluated a group of 73 patients with suspected primary hypertension, aged 13–17 years (median: 16.9, interquartile range 15.8–17.4; 13 girls), in whom, based on 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring either ISH (n = 30) or white-coat hypertension (WCH) (n = 43) was diagnosed. Based on noninvasive central BP measurement 13 participants in the ISH group were classified as having sHTN and 17 were diagnosed with true hypertension.

Results:
Compared with WCH adolescents, ISH patients presented with higher indexed left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (P
< 0.001), maximal left ventricular (LV) wall thickness (P
< 0.001), LV concentricity (P
= 0.001) and more often had LV hypertrophy (47 vs. 14%, P
= 0.002). They had higher average pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the proximal aorta (P = 0.016) and the whole thoracic aorta (P = 0.008). In addition, we observed higher indexed LV stroke volume (P
= 0.025) in patients with ISH. The sHTN subgroup had significantly higher LVMI and aortic PWV, and more often had LV hypertrophy compared with the WCH group. The sHTN and true hypertension subgroups did not differ in terms of aortic PWV, LVMI or LV geometry.

Conclusion:
Compared with adolescents with WCH patients with ISH, including the sHTN subtype, have more pronounced markers of cardiac end-organ damage, higher aortic stiffness and stroke volume.
Why “Measurand” Is the First Scientific Word We Should Teach Health Physicists
Authors: Strom Daniel J. , Tabatadze George 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The word “measurand” means “the quantity intended to be measured.” The authors argue that health physicists should distinguish between measurands and measurement results because the former exist in the domain of theory, while the latter exist in the domain of reality in which we make measurements and observations. The authors demonstrate the importance of separating the quantities used in theory and those used in experiment, clearing up conceptual confusions in three examples of problems routinely encountered in health physics: (1) detection and quantification of radioactive material; (2) multiple definitions of “activity,” and (3) the relationship between radiation and health effects. The first example looks into probabilities of various measurement results (mi
) given the measurand (μ) in comparison with the inverse problem: determining probable values of the measurand (μ) based on observed measurement results (mi
). The second example addresses the distinction between measurands and measurement results given two definitions of activity A provided by the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements. Additional consideration is given to use of N + 1 counts in (activity) calculations when we have observed N counts, which results from correctly stating and solving the inverse problem. This makes our measurement uncertainties more accurate and our detection decisions more reliable. The last example emphasizes how the observational results of epidemiology, animal experiments, and other radiation biology studies are used to estimate the probability of a particular cancer in an individual—a measurand that is not otherwise accessible to direct observation. Our measurement results, and our use of those results, are more easily understood when we understand the difference between a measurand and a measurement result and can choose the best calculational approach.
Association of Primary Open-angle Glaucoma With Tinnitus: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Kuang Tung-Mei , Xirasagar Sudha , Cheng Yen-Fu , Kuo Nai-Wen , Lin Herng-Ching 
Published: February 2022

Précis:
This study aims to investigate the association between primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and tinnitus. We found that tinnitus was significantly associated with preexisting POAG [adjusted odds ratio (OR)=1.298].

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between POAG and tinnitus using nationwide population-based data from Taiwan.

Methods:
Data for this case-control study were retrieved from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database for all 542,682 patients with a first-time diagnosis of tinnitus (cases), and 1,628,046 propensity score–matched controls from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance system. We performed multiple logistic regression analysis to estimate the odds (ORs) of prior POAG among cases versus controls.

Results:
Of total 2,170,728 study patients, 85,257 (3.93%) had POAG before the index date of tinnitus, 25,496 (4.70%) among cases and 59,761 (3.67%) among controls (P<0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between prior POAG and tinnitus (OR=1.298, 95% confidence interval: 1.278-1.318) after adjusting for age, sex, monthly income, geographic location and residential urbanization level, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, anemia, rheumatoid arthritis, alcohol abuse, nicotine dependence, anxiety disorder, depressive disorder, and hypertension.

Conclusions:
Patients with POAG have a higher risk of tinnitus compared with those without the disease. Ophthalmologists should be aware of this association and further studies are needed to understand underlying mechanisms.