bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Kepedulian Mahasiswa Terhadap Lingkungan Hidup Kota Banjarmasin
Authors: Nulyakin Ragha Rahman , Mukminin Amirul , Yusri Muhammad , Riadi Selamat 
Published: March 2022

Abstrak. Permasalahan lingkungan hidup merupakan masalah sangat komplek dihadapi Indonesia. Permasalahan lingkungan hidup yang terjadi lebih banyak disebabkan oleh sikap dan perilaku manusia. Pemerintah melalui berbagai upaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan lingkungan hidup, namun sampai saat ini belum optimal dan tetap menjadi masalah utama di Indonesia. Selain membutuhkan upaya pemecahan masalah dari pemerintah juga memerlukan adanya upaya kesadaran dari masyarakat sebagai sumber utama penyebab serta diperlukan sikap peduli dari mahasiswa sebagai kaum intelektual yang dapat memberikan solusi dan mengedukasi masyarakat untuk peduli lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengetahuan, sikap dan kepedulian mahasiswa terhadap lingkungan hidup di Kota Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain survei. Sampel penelitian ini adalah Mahasiswa Progarm Studi Geografi FISIP ULM yang bertempat tinggal di Kota Banjarmasin. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan angket. Temuan penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: 1) mayoritas responden memiliki skor pengetahun yang baik tentang lingkungan hidup; 2) Mayoritas responden menyadari bahwa dirinya salah dalam menjaga kualitas lingkungan di Kota Banjarmasin; 3) Mayoritas responden memiliki kesadaran lingkungan yang rendah.Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan, sikap, kepedulian, lingkungan hidup
Hubungan Imunisasi BCG dengan Tuberkulosis Paru pada Anak Balita di RSUD Dr.Moewardi
Authors: Fatahillah Hidayat , Andarini Ismiranti , Hidayah Dwi 
Published: March 2022

Background: Tuberculosis is still one of the main threats to public health as a cause of death from infectious diseases. One of the preventive efforts to prevent tuberculosis is the BCG immunization program, but the effectiveness of BCG immunization has decreased and the results differ in various research locations so it needs to be reviewed. This study aims to determine the relationship between BCG immunization and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in children under five
Methods: This research is an analytic observational design with a case control study conducted at RSUD Dr. Moewardi. Respondents in this study were divided into 2 groups, namely 30 case samples (pulmonary TB) and 30 control samples (non-pulmonary TB) where sampling was done by purposive sampling method. Samples were obtained from patient medical record data in the 2017-2019 period and then processed using SPSS 26 software
Results: Based on the results of the bivariate analysis using the Fisher's Exact test, the correlation between phi (ρ) of 0.612 (α = 0.05) showed that there was no significant relationship between BCG immunization and pulmonary tuberculosis in children under five at Dr. Moewardi.
Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between the provision of BCG immunization with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in children under five at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.
Use of Rigorous Multiphase Flow Models for Leak Detection and Online Flow Assurance
Authors: Havre Kjetil , Trudvang Christian , Kjørrefjord Gustav , Smith Sonia , King Colin C , Vinicombe Jaqueline , Roberts Trevor 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cenovus Energy has deployed a rigorous multiphase flow assurance online solution to detect leaks and monitor hydrate formation conditions at the White Rose Field and satellite extensions 350 km east of St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Twenty-five production wells are connected via subsea manifolds to the SeaRose floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) system, through four flexible flowlines and risers.
An online subsea advisor has been developed to provide control-room operators with enhanced monitoring/visibility in detecting potential leaks and hydrate formation within the subsea system, including the mechanical flowline connectors. The online solution makes use of a commercial multiphase flow simulator. An online real-time mode (RTM) was developed to simulate the production loops connecting the manifolds to the SeaRose FPSO. The wells are equipped with multiphase flowmeters, which are calibrated at regular intervals during well test campaigns. Reconciled flow rates from the meters are used as inlet boundary conditions to the real-time multiphase model. This RTM acts as a digital twin of the production network.
As part of the online subsea advisor leak detection system (LDS), Schlumberger has delivered improved algorithms for leak detection in multiphase production networks. The solution makes use of 14 signatures indicating leaks, which form the basis for a generalized multivariable LDS. Artificial intelligence and data clustering are used to determine whether the signature vector indicates a leak. By making use of multiple leak signatures, the system becomes more robust with respect to sensor faults and drift. Multiple signatures also reduce the number of false alarms and make the LDS less dependent on model calibration. The use of signatures, artificial intelligence and data clustering is new compared to traditional mass balance model-based LDS. The theory is described with results from four of these 14 signatures in the paper.
The advisor system monitors the potential for hydrate formation conditions and calculates the hydrate margin at the flowline connectors, which have been identified as potential "cold spots." A rigorous flowline connector model has been implemented at positions along the flow path where they exist in the field. This model is fine-tuned to estimate mechanical flowline connector wall temperatures. This gives the control-room operators a realistic estimate of reaction time to manage an emergency shutdown and initiates an alarm when hydrate conditions will be reached, prompting immediate action of predefined safeguard measures.
Quantification of Phase Behaviour and Physical Properties of Alkane Solvents/CO2/ Water/Heavy Oil Systems under Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Conditions
Authors: Yang Daoyong , Li Yunlong , Huang Desheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The hybrid steam-solvent injection has been considered as a promising technique for enhancing heavy oil/bitumen recovery, while its main mechanisms including the heat transferred and dissolution of solvents (e.g., C3H8, C4H10, CO2, N2, and DME) into heavy oil/bitumen to reduce its viscosity and swell it are closely related to the phase behaviour of the solvents/water/heavy oil systems. To allow the seamless integration with the existing reservoir simulators, the traditional cubic equations of state (i.e., SRK EOS and PR EOS) have been modified and improved to accurately quantify the phase behaviour and physical properties of the aforementioned systems under equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions. Firstly, a huge database has been built to develop the corresponding alpha functions by minimizing the deviation between the measured and calculated vapour pressures for water as well as nonhydrocarbon and hydrocarbon compounds available from the public domain. Such obtained alpha functions are further validated with enthalpy of vaporization for pure substances, and then the reduced temperature has been optimized and the eccentric factor has been redefined. Finally, a pressure-implicit strategy has been developed to optimize the binary interaction parameters (BIPs) by treating heavy oil as one pseudocomponent (PC) or multiple PCs. Also, the contributions of each solvent to the aforementioned systems have been compared and analyzed within a consistent and unified framework. In addition to new alpha functions for hydrocarbons and water, respectively, the reduced temperature is found to have its optimum value of 0.59 for the two equations of state (EOSs), while 0.60 is recommended for practical use. Such improved EOSs have been further employed to reproduce the experimentally measured multiphase boundaries (or pseudo-bubble-point pressures), density, viscosity, (mutual) solubility, and preferential mass transfer for the aforementioned mixtures under equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions. The swelling effect for the heavy oil can be enhanced due to the addition of C3H8 and/or C4H10 or their mixtures into the CO2 stream. Due to the existence of water, isenthalpic flash leads to more accurate quantification of multiphase boundaries and physical properties for the hybrid solvent-thermal processes. Each component of a binary or ternary gas mixture is found to diffuse preferentially into heavy oil at high pressures and elevated temperatures in the absence and presence of porous media, while each of them is found to exsolve differently from gas-saturated heavy oil under nonequilibrium conditions.
Mental Distress and Behavioral Problems in Unaccompanied Minors During the Initial 18 Months in Two European Host Countries
Authors: Jakobsen Marianne , Vervliet Marianne , Demott Melinda A. Meyer , Derluyn Ilse , Heir Trond 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Large numbers of unaccompanied minors (UMs) have been migrating from low-income countries to European countries in recent years. Still, knowledge about risk behaviour and conduct problems in these populations is scarce. There is also a lack of knowledge about how mental health and behavioural problems in these populations change over time and whether this varies between host countries with different asylum procedures, care routines and reception facilities. Thus, our aim was to compare trajectories of mental health and behavioural problems in populations of UMs arriving in two European host countries with different practices for handling and care of UMs. We examined mental health and behavioural problems of UMs shortly after their arrival in Norway (n = 204) and Belgium (n = 103) using self-report questionnaires (HSCL‐37A, SLE, RATS, HTQ). The same procedure was repeated after 18 months in both Norway (n=127) and Belgium (n=76). There was a significant increase in externalizing behaviour among UMs in Belgium, but not among UMs in Norway. The changes were due to an increase in substance abuse more than other maladaptive externalizing behaviours. Internalizing symptoms and posttraumatic stress reactions stayed relatively unchanged for UMs in both countries. We postulate that different care and reception facilities for UMs may explain differences in substance abuse between the two countries. Apart from substance use, there were insignificant changes in mental health and externalizing behaviours among UMs in the first 18 months after arriving in their host countries.
Sub-lethal apoptotic stress enables mtDNA release during senescence and drives the SASP
Authors: Passos Joao , Chapman James , Salmonowicz Hanna , Victorelli Stella , Martini Helene , Riley Joel , Cloix Catherine , Shadel Gerald , Netto Jair Machado Espindola , Jurk Diana , Lagnado Anthony , Gomez Lilian , Farr Joshua , Saul Dominik , Reed Becca , Greaves Laura , Mann Derek , Masuda Claudio Akio , Khosla Sundeep , Dai Haiming , LeBrasseur Nathan , Korolchuk Viktor , Shae Xue , Adams Peter , Tait Stephen , Vizioli Maria Grazia , Castillo Alva Sainz , Kaufmann Scott , Dou Zhixun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Senescent cells drive age-related tissue dysfunction partially via the induction of a chronic senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Mitochondria are major regulators of the SASP; however, the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. Mitochondria also control apoptosis, a cell fate generally perceived as distinct from cellular senescence, which is apoptosis resistant.
Here, we show that mitochondrial outer membrane permeability (MOMP) occurring in a small subset of mitochondria is a feature of cellular senescence. This process, called minority MOMP (miMOMP), depends on the formation of BAX and BAK macropores and results in release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the cytosol, which in turn activates the cGAS/STING pathway, a major regulator of the SASP. Importantly, we found that inhibition of MOMP in vivo decreases inflammatory markers and improves healthspan parameters in aged mice.
Our results propose the novel concept that apoptosis and senescence are regulated by similar mitochondrial-dependent mechanisms, and that sub-lethal mitochondrial apoptotic stress is a major driver of the SASP. We also provide proof-of-concept that inhibition of miMOMP may be a new therapeutic avenue to improve healthspan.
Martian Global-Scale Flooding Triggered by Atmospheric Collapse
Authors: Buhler Peter 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Mars experienced an enigmatic epoch of intense liquid water surface erosion ~3.6 billion years ago [1-4], which is particularly puzzling because it followed a period of gentler fluvial erosion [3] despite the waning of processes typically thought to sustain surface water (e.g., volcanism, impacts, thicker atmosphere) [1]. Mars was likely cold 3.6 billion years ago, with most of its surface water frozen in southern ice sheets [5-7], seemingly at odds with a liquid surface water optimum. However, here I report model results showing that burial of a southern H2O ice cap [7] by thick CO2 ice sheets when Mars’ CO2 atmosphere collapsed ~3.6 billion years ago [5,8] would have melted a substantial portion of Mars’ water inventory, leading to direct fluvial erosion and a more active global water cycle. Melting driven by one or more atmospheric collapse-inflation cycles [5,8,9] can produce previously unexplained drainage patterns that span from near the south pole [10,11] to the equator [12-14]. The model predicts potential habitats for early martian life in periodic, long-lived (potentially ≥10^7 year) subglacial melt and ice-covered, Mediterranean-Sea-sized [12,13] lakes.
Patellar Development After Patella Instability And Early Reduction In Growing Rabbits
Authors: Li Weifeng , Wang Qian , Wang Haiying , Wang Shunyi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Patella-shaped disorder has been considered as a predisposing factor for patellar instability. But the influence of early patella reduction for patellar development remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate whether early operation in patella instability could improve patella morphology in growing rabbits.Methods: Fifty rabbits (1-month-old) were were included in the study. The control group underwent no surgical procedures. The two experimental groups (reduction group and non-reduced group), underwent medial soft tissue restraint release. The reduction group, rabbits underwent the medial soft tissue sutura surgery in order to stabilize the patella 2 months postoperative. The non-reduced group, rabbits did not undergo suture surgery. Computed Tomography (CT) scans analysis in two experimental endpoints (2, 5 months postoperatively) were selected to evaluate the transverse diameter, thickness, Wiberg index, and Wiberg angle of patella. Gross observation was conducted to assess morphological changes of the patella.Results: CT scans showed significant difference in the mean transverse diameter and Wiberg angle of patella between the two groups after 2 months surgery. 5 months after surgery, the four indices were found no statistically difference in the reduction group versus the control group. However, the transverse diameter, Wiberg angle in the non-reduced group were significantly differences than that in the reduction group (P < 0.05). Gross observation showed a flattened articular surface of the patella in the non-reduced group.Conclusions: The results indicated that patella instability may lead to patella-shaped disorder, showing a flattened morphology. Early patella reduction can improve the patella morphology in growing rabbits.
Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated from a Variety of Meats in Sabo Market, Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria.
Authors: Sowunmi Kehinde , Olamiji Ogunseye Mary , Adesola Dunmiju Yetunde , Lawal Adesiyan Ayobami , Adejoke Oladimeji Kafayat , Emmanuel Kade Ayomikun , Mohammadi Mohammad Reza , Seun Orelesi Olusola 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Foodborne pathogens such as E. coli can be found in large quantities in animal meat. This study was carried out in Sabo Market Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria, to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from meats. The procedure for isolating Escherichia coli was based on the USA-FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to determine antibiotic resistance patterns in Escherichia coli isolates against eight antibiotics. In the meat samples, the overall prevalence of Escherichia coli was 82.00% (169/200). Escherichia coli was found in sheep meat (87.50%), Guinea fowl (87.50%), cow meat (85.00%), local chicken (77.50%), and goat meat (72.50%). The average coliform count was 3.12 CFU/cm2, with guinea fowl (3.44 log CFU/cm2) having the highest count and local chicken (2.23 log CFU/cm2) having the lowest. The isolates of Escherichia coli were highly resistant to erythromycin (85.00%), tetracycline (73.33%), and ampicillin (73.33%). (71.67%). The MAR index (multiple antibiotic resistance) ranged from 0.13 to 1. Antimicrobial resistance patterns were found in 23 Escherichia coli isolates, with TeAmpE (tetracycline-ampicillin-erythromycin) being the most common. The isolates of Escherichia coli had a multidrug resistance rate of 68.33 percent. The findings revealed that Escherichia coli was commonly found in various meat types and had multidrug resistance, indicating that effective antibiotic stewardship guidelines are needed to streamline antibiotic use in the production industry.
The Impact of Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Survival in Mucinous and Non-mucinous Rectal Adenocarcinoma Patients After TME Surgery
Authors: Vernmark Karolina , Holmqvist Annika , Loftås Per , Sun Xiao-Feng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe value of adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) for rectal cancer patients is debated and varies in different subgroups. One such subgroup is mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC), which is more treatment resistant compared to non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (NMAC). To date, mucinous histology is not taken into account when deciding on adjuvant treatment strategy. No previous study has exclusively included patients with RC, then separated MAC and NMAC and compared the survival in patients that had or did not have adjuvant CT.MethodsThe study included retrospective data from 365 Swedish patients with stage II-IV rectal adenocarcinoma, 56 patients with MAC and 309 patients with NMAC. The patients had surgery with total mesorectal excision (TME) in a curative intent during 2004 -2013 and were followed up to 2021. Clinicopathological characteristics, and details concerning oncological and surgical treatment were recorded. ResultsPatients with MAC that had adjuvant CT had better overall survival (OS) compared to patients without CT (HR 0.42; CI 95%: 0.19-0.93; p = 0.032). The difference was still significant even after adjusting for sex, age, stage, differentiation, neoadjuvant CT and preoperative radiotherapy (HR 0.40; CI 95%: 0.17-0.92; p = 0.031). There were no such difference in the NMAC patients. ConclusionsThe patients with MAC benefited from adjuvant CT while patients with NMAC did not, indicating that the two subgroups of patients may need different treatment strategies.
Randomized Single-blind Comparative Study of the Midazolam/pethidine Combination and Midazolam Alone During Bronchoscopy
Authors: Katsurada Masahiro , Tachihara Motoko , Katsurada Naoko , Takata Naoya , Sato Hiroki , Mimura Chihiro , Yoshioka Junya , Furukawa Koichi , Yumura Masako , Otoshi Takehiro , Yasuda Yuichiro , Kiriu Tatsunori , Hazama Daisuke , Nagano Tatsuya , Yamamoto Masatsugu , Nishimura Yoshihiro , Kobayashi Kazuyuki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background:Bronchoscopy can be a distress for the patient. There have been few studies on the combination of sedatives and opioids. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the usefulness and safety of administration of the combination of midazolam and pethidine during bronchoscopy.Methods:In this prospective randomized single (patient)-blind study, we randomly assigned 100 patients who were scheduled to undergo bronchoscopy biopsy to receive treatment with either the midazolam/pethidine combination (combination group) or midazolam alone (midazolam group) during examinations. The primary outcome was the patients’ acceptance of re-examination assessed by visual analogue scale. We also assessed pain levels, vital signs, midazolam use, xylocaine use, and adverse events. Univariate analyses were performed using Fisher’s exact test for categorical data, and the t-test or Mann-Whitney test were carried out for analysis of numeric data. All P-values were two-sided, and values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results:We analyzed 47 patients in the combination group and 49 patients in the midazolam group. The primary outcome was not significantly different between the two groups (3.82±2.3 versus 4.17±2.75, P=0.400). In the combination group, the visual analog scale score for pain during bronchoscopy was significantly lower (1.10±1.88 versus 2.13±2.42, P=0.022), and the sedation level score per the modified observer’s assessment of alertness/sedation scale was significantly lower (3.49±0.98 versus 3.94±1.03, P=0.031). Maximal systolic blood pressure during testing was significantly lower (162.39±23.45 mmHg versus 178.24±30.24 mmHg, P=0.005), and the number of additional administrations of midazolam was significantly lower (2.06±1.45 versus 2.63±1.35, P=0.049). There were also significantly fewer adverse events (30 versus 41, P=0.036).Conclusions:The combination uses of midazolam and pethidine for sedation resulted in significant improvements in the pain, blood pressure, additional use of midazolam, and safety during bronchoscopy among patients.Trial registration:This study was registered in the University Medical Hospital Information Network in Japan (UMINCTR Registration number: UMIN000032230, Registered: 13/April/2018, https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_his_list.cgi?recptno=R000036694).
A Prediction Model For Sulcus-To-Sulcus Diameter In Myopic Eyes: A 1466-Sample Retrospective Study
Authors: zhu Qiu-Jian , Zhu Wei-Jian , Chen Wen-Jing , Ma Lie , Yuan You 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: To establish and verify the accuracy and reliability of a sulcus-to-sulcus diameter (STS) prediction model.Methods: In this retrospective study, the prediction formula was established with the data from 1466 eyes from 733 subjects from July 2020 to April 2021 and verified with the data from 278 eyes from 139 subjects between May 2021 and June 2021. Each subject was measured with a Pentacam, IOLMaster 700, OPD-Scan III, and ultrasound biomicroscope. The prediction formulas were established with multiple linear regression, and intergroup correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland–Altman tests were used to assess the agreement between the predicted and actual STS.Results: The explanatory variables relevant to the horizontal STS (STSH) were the Pentacam white-to-white diameter (WTWP; standardized partial regression coefficient [β] = 0.330; p < 0.001), the flat K value (β = -0.211; p < 0.001), and the anterior corneal diameter (ACD) (β = 0.178; p < 0.001). The corresponding multiple regression equation was : STSH (mm) = 8.061 + 0.510 × WTWP - 0.090 × Flat K value + 0.430 × ACD. The explanatory variables relevant to the vertical STS (STSV) were the WTWP (β = 0.435; p < 0.001), the steep K value (β = -0.271; p < 0.001), and the ACD (β = 0.187; p < 0.001). The corresponding multiple regression equation was : STSV (mm) = 8.540 + 0.492 × WTWP - 0.075 × Steep K value + 0.329 × ACD. The bias of the predicted to the actual STSH was -0.021, with 95% limits of agreement (95% LoA) from -0.499 to 0.457. The bias of the predicted to the actual STSV was 0.057, with 95% LoA from -0.462 to 0.575. The ICC was 0.883 between the predicted and actual STSH and 0.859 between the predicted and actual STSV.Conclusions: The Pentacam-measured WTW, the K value and the ACD are important for predicting the STS diameter. The prediction model has good accuracy and reliability.Trial registration: Not applicable