bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatigue and quality of life among thyroid cancer survivors without persistent or recurrent disease
Authors: Maki Yukari , Horiuchi Kiyomi , Okamoto Takahiro 
Published: February 2022

Background
Cancer-related fatigue is one of the most important issues for patients, but research on this topic is sparse. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of fatigue in postoperative patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and to identify the clinical features associated with fatigue.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study on 292 thyroid cancer survivors. Fatigue and quality of life were the study outcomes, measured using the Cancer Fatigue Scale (CFS) and the SF-36 version 2.0. Furthermore, correlations of demographic characteristics and hormonal data with the CFS scores were assessed by univariable and multivariable analyses.

Results
The prevalence of fatigue was 41.8% (95% CI: 36.1, 47.5). The CFS score was significantly correlated with the free T3 level (Pearson’s r = −0.123, 95% CI: −0.234, −0.008). Multiple regression analysis revealed that the free T3 level and having a job were significant predictors of the CFS score, with unstandardized regression coefficients of −2.52 (95% CI: −4.94, −0.09) and 2.85 (95% CI: 0.49, 5.20), respectively. The median Z-scores were negative for General Health (−0.28) and Vitality (−0.15) subscales of the SF-36. The CFS score was a significant predictor of summary scores of the SF-36. The free T3 level was significantly associated with the physical component summary score with an unstandardized coefficient of 3.20 (95% CI: 0.77, 5.63).

Conclusions
Fatigue was prevalent and associated with poor quality of life among PTC survivors. Thyroid functional status, particularly the level of free T3, may be worth to be considered in alleviating the burden.
Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer in women with positive thyroid screening in pregnancy: a double-centric, retrospective, cohort study
Authors: Jiskra Jan , Horáček Jiří , Špitálníková Sylvie , Paleček Jan , Límanová Zdeňka , Krátký Jan , Springer Drahomíra , Žabková Kristýna , Vítková Hana 
Published: February 2022

Objective
Thyroid nodules are a common finding in the general population. The primary aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid nodules and cancer found by ultrasound (US) in women who underwent screening for thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy.

Design
A double-centric, retrospective, cohort study.

Patients and methods
We searched through medical records, including thyroid ultrasonography, of pregnant women who were positively screened for thyroid disorders (using thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid antibodies) from an unselected population (‘universal screening group’, n  = 690) and of women who underwent the testing based on the presence of clinical risk factors defined by American Thyroid Association (’case-finding group’, n  = 249).

Results
Prevalence of benign and malignant thyroid nodules was lower in the ‘universal screening group’ than in the ‘case-finding group’ (9.9% vs 17.7%, P= 0.002, and 0.9% vs 7.2%, P< 0.001, respectively). Consistently, the thyroid cancer rate was lower among the nodules in the ‘universal screening group’ than in the ‘case-finding group’ (8.1% vs 29.0%, P= 0.003). Ultrasound EU-TIRADS (European Thyroid Imaging and Reporting Data System) category ≥4 had a 95.8% sensitivity for thyroid cancer. In palpable nodules, the prevalence of cancer was significantly higher than in the non-palpable ones (44.0% vs 2.2%, P < 0.001). In a multivariate regression analysis, thyroid nodules were associated with a history of infertility and parity.

Conclusions
Compared to the data from cancer registries, universal screening allowed detecting thyroid cancer in pregnancy three to five times more frequently, but the cancer rate among nodules (8.1%) did not differ from the common population. US had very good sensitivity for thyroid cancer in pregnancy.
A Comprehensive Immune Cell Atlas of Cystic Kidney Disease Reveals the Involvement of Adaptive Immune Cells in Injury-Mediated Cyst Progression in Mice
Authors: Song Cheng J. , Li Zhang , Ahmed Ummey Khalecha Bintha , Bland Sarah J. , Yashchenko Alex , Liu Shanrun , Aloria Ernald J. , Lever Jeremie M. , Gonzalez Nancy M. , Bickel Marisa A. , Giles Cory B. , Georgescu Constantin , Wren Jonathan D. , Lang Mark L. , Benveniste Etty N. , Harrington Laurie E. , Tsiokas Leo , George James F. , Jones Kenneth L. , Crossman David K. , Agarwal Anupam , Mrug Michal , Yoder Bradley K. , Hopp Katharina , Zimmerman Kurt A. 
Published: February 2022

Significance StatementIt is widely accepted that injuries to cilia mutant mice accelerate the rate of cystic kidney disease. However, cellular factors that accelerate cystic disease are unknown. By performing single-cell RNA sequencing of all CD45+immune cells, we found that the subtypes and gene expression profiles of adaptive immune cells are significantly altered among non-injured, aged cystic mice; injury-accelerated cystic mice; and noncystic controls. Surprisingly, deletion of all adaptive immune cells reduced cystic disease in the injury-accelerated model but had no effect on cystic disease in the non-injured model. This differential rescue may be due to unique adaptive immune cell subtypes and ligands that are only present in the injury-accelerated model of cystic disease.BackgroundInducible disruption of cilia-related genes in adult mice results in slowly progressive cystic disease, which can be greatly accelerated by renal injury.MethodsTo identify in an unbiased manner modifier cells that may be influencing the differential rate of cyst growth in injured versus non-injured cilia mutant kidneys at a time of similar cyst severity, we generated a single-cell atlas of cystic kidney disease. We conducted RNA-seq on 79,355 cells from control mice and adult-induced conditionalIft88mice (hereafter referred to as cilia mutant mice) that were harvested approximately 7 months post-induction or 8 weeks post 30-minute unilateral ischemia reperfusion injury.ResultsAnalyses of single-cell RNA-seq data of CD45+immune cells revealed that adaptive immune cells differed more in cluster composition, cell proportion, and gene expression than cells of myeloid origin when comparing cystic models with one another and with non-cystic controls. Surprisingly, genetic deletion of adaptive immune cells significantly reduced injury-accelerated cystic disease but had no effect on cyst growth in non-injured cilia mutant mice, independent of the rate of cyst growth or underlying genetic mutation. Using NicheNet, we identified a list of candidate cell types and ligands that were enriched in injured cilia mutant mice compared with aged cilia mutant mice and non-cystic controls that may be responsible for the observed dependence on adaptive immune cells during injury-accelerated cystic disease.ConclusionsCollectively, these data highlight the diversity of immune cell involvement in cystic kidney disease.
Kırınım teorisindeki bir takım iki boyutlu problemlerin çözümlenebilmesi için efektif bir metot
Authors: DUR Osman 
Published: February 2022

İki boyutlu integral denklemler günümüzde pek çok farklı mühendislik ve bilimsel çalışmada sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Bu denklemlerin nümerik ve analitik yöntemler kullanılarak geniş frekans spektrumları boyunca çözülmesinde; cisimlerin elektriksel boyutları ve geometrik yapılarının karmaşıklığı göz önüne alınır.
Bu makale bir takım integral denklemlerinin çözülebilmesi için efektif bir çözüm önerisi sunar. Kusursuz elektrik iletken metal plakalar tarafından gerçekleşen kırınım teorisinin çeşitli problemleri bu integral denklemlerine indirgenmiştir. Böylece, frekans parametrelerinin isteğe bağlı değerlerinin ve ekran boyutlarının anlaşılabilmesi için integral denklemlerinin çözümüne dair bir metot önerilmektedir.
Increased expression of autophagy and Nrf2-dependent signaling pathway genes by new monophenolic antioxidants depends on their structure
Authors: Khrapov S. E. , Kozhin P. M. , Khrapova M. V. , Serykh A. E. , Romakh L. P. , Pavlov V. S. , Chechushkov A. V. , Kholshin S. V. , Zenkov N. K. , Menshchikova E. B. 
Published: February 2022

Under certain conditions, both activators and inhibitors of Nrf2-dependent signaling and autophagy can serve as potential agents for the prevention, treatment, and maintenance therapy of cancer, as well as overcoming chemoresistance. We are developing a panel of structurally related synthetic monophenolic compounds, in addition to a direct antioxidant effect, having the ability to affect intracellular signaling pathways and processes, including the above mentioned. Aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between its structure and the ability to influence the expression of autophagy and Nrf2 pathway genes.Material and methods. Five original hydrophilic phenolic structurally related compounds were synthesized; the prototypical inductor of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE system, monosubstituted phenol tert-butylhydro-quinone (tBHQ), served as a reference substance. We used cultures of murine Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells, with the test compounds at a concentration of 20 gM cells were incubated for 24 hours. Changes in mRNA expression of Nrf2, Nqo1, LC3b, and Sqstm1 genes encoding Nrf2, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1, LC3B, p62/sequestosome-1, respectively, were determined by TaqMan real-time PCR.Results and discussion. Structurally related synthetic monophenols effectively induced the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE system in LLC and MCF-7 cells, increasing the expression of the Nrf2-driven Nqo1 gene, and ambiguously affected the transcription of genes of proteins mediating autophagy: the content of mRNA of the LC3B protein did not change, while the expression of mRNA of the p62 protein, which affects the operation of both systems (processes), is increased only by the action of ortho-monosubstituted phenol with an «active» sulfur atom in the para-propyl substituent TS-13 and its structural analogue TS-12 with a para-substituent shortened by one methylene. It can be assumed that the observed effect either indicates the ability of TS-13 and TS-12 both to induce the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE system and to stimulate autophagy, or reflects a compound-mediated mutually reinforcing cross-activation of these processes.
Analysis of the differentiation of peripheral B-lymphocytes in pregnant women with a habitual miscarriage
Authors: Sotnikova N. Yu. , Malyshkina A. I. , Kust A. V. , Voronin D. N. 
Published: February 2022

The frequency of recurrent miscarriage among all desired pregnancies is 2-5 %. The important role of immune disorders in early termination of pregnancy has been proven. Elucidation of the nature of differentiation of B-lymphocytes in women with threatened miscarriage and habitual miscarriage in the anamnesis seems relevant, since it will clarify the immune mechanisms of the pathogenesis of this pathology. Aim of the study was to assess the nature of differentiation and type of the cytokine-producing function of peripheral B lymphocytes in women with a threatening spontaneous miscarriage and recurrent miscarriage in history.Material and methods. Pregnant women aged 18-40 years at a gestation period of 5-12 weeks were examined. The main group consisted of 60 pregnant women with a threatening spontaneous abortion at the time of the examination and a history of recurrent abortion. 35 pregnant women with uncomplicated pregnancy were examined as a control group. The comparison group consisted of 25 primary pregnant women with threatened spontaneous abortion at the time of the examination. The material for the study was peripheral venous blood. Subpopulations of B lymphocytes CD20+CD5+, CD20+CD5-, CD19+IgD+, CD20+IgM+, CD20+IgG+; CD19+CD20-CD38+, CD19+CD27-, CD19+CD27+, CD19+IgD+CD27+, CD19+IgD+CD27-, CD20+IL-4+, CD20+IL-6+, CD20+IL-10+ were determined by the method of flow cytometry.Results and discussion. In the main group, an increase in the proportion of B cells in the peripheral blood was recorded, mainly due to B2 lymphocytes, CD20 +IgM+ lymphocytes and memory cells, along with a decrease in the level of naive cells and plasma cells, as well as lymphocytes spontaneously expressing IL-6 and IL-10. Thus, the threatening habitual miscarriage is associated with a shift in B-lymphocyte differentiation towards immature forms. A decrease in the number of CD20+IL-10+ cells in patients of the main group can lead to a weakening of the suppressor associated with IL-10 and subsequent impairment of the maternal organism’s tolerance to a semi-allogeneic fetus. Similar changes in the differentiation and functional activity of B-lymphocytes were also observed with a threatening loss of the first pregnancy, which may indicate a single mechanism for the development of a threatening spontaneous miscarriage, the severity of which increases with repeated loss of pregnancy.
Etiological structure of neuroinfections
Authors: Nikolskaya M. V. , Melnikov V. L. , Kurmayeva D. Yu. , Vorobyeva E. A. , Afonin A. V. , Aftaeva L. N. 
Published: February 2022

The aim of the study was to study the etiological structure and epidemiological features of infectious diseases that occur with central nervous system damage in hospitalized patients.Material and methods. A retrospective study of the medical histories of 376 patients with meningitis and encephalitis was conducted.Results and discussion. At the pre-hospital stage, only 198 (52.6 %) patients were diagnosed with «meningitis, encephalitis», which indicates that primary care physicians are not sufficiently alert to diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). When studying the epidemiological history, contact with infectious patients was noted in 69 (18.3 %) patients. The structure of neuroinfections in hospitalized patients was dominated by meningitis (334 cases - 88.8 %), encephalitis was found in 42 (11.2 %) patients. Among meningitis, purulent processes (205 people - 61.4 %) prevailed over serous ones (127 patients - 38.0 %); 2 patients were diagnosed with mycotic meningitis. In adults, the etiology of the disease was clarified in 58 (44.6 %) of 130 patients with bacterial meningitis and in 22 (27.8 %) of 79 with serous meningitis; among children - in 60 (80 %) of 75 patients with purulent meningitis and in 23 (47.9 %) of 48 with serous processes. Encephalitis and meningoencephalitis were detected in 30 adult patients and 12 children. The etiology of encephalitis was established in 13 (43.35) adults and 4 (25 %) children.
Dancing pen: The ultimate test of graphically matured skilled writer
Authors: Singh Mohinder , Prakash Jasuja Om 
Published: February 2022

Unconscious and automatic rhythmic production of handwriting by graphically matured skilled writers through perfect synchronization of muscular body parts is an activity that resembles a pen dancing on paper, analogous to a dancer performing on stage. This analogy can lead to beginners in the profession better understanding the complex and intricate writing process.
There are several routine activities requiring various complex coordinations of mental, sensory, and motor factors by humans, such as walking, talking, writing, dressing, drawing, sewing, using a typewriter, playing a piano or violin, riding a bicycle, driving a car, handling a tool, a tennis racket, or a golf club, etc., which are performed habitually, unconsciously, and automatically once they are learnt and practiced. One of these activities is (hand)writing, which is a complex learned motor behavior generally developed in a person in three stages: formative, impressionable, and graphic maturity. The stage of “graphic maturity” is ﬁnally reached when the writing has fully developed, resulting in unique individual characteristics that become habitual in execution, most of which remain relatively constant throughout much of the writer’s active life. The complexities and intricacies of the writing process can be better understood by a beginner in the profession by comparing it with dancing, which is also a similar activity requiring perfect synchronization and coordination of all the body parts involved in the exercise.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on young adults experiencing dual family life after high-conflict divorce
Authors: Pasteels Inge 
Published: February 2022

Objective: This paper describes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the family lives of young adults whose parents had been through a high-conflict divorce and the extent to which these 18-to-30-year-olds believed the COVID-19 measures accommodated for their family situation.
Background: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on family lives has been described in recent literature but no attention has been paid to young adults experiencing parental conflict due to a divorce transition impasse.
Method: Data from 24 in-depth interviews were collected in the Belgian province of Limburg using a semi-structured interview guide with open questions and analysed via Nvivo.
Results: Frequency of contact with parents decreased, contact with parents living abroad became nearly impossible. Different interpretations of and approaches to the rules led to frustration and quarrelling in families. The quality of the relationship with parents changed, often in a negative way. Respondents indicated that to their opinion due consideration had not been given to the situation of young adults with divorced parents.
Conclusion: In order to adequately develop COVID-19 rules that are tailored to a wide range of families, with attention to the most vulnerable ones, we recommend that policy makers define a family by using a “feeling family paradigm” rather than defining a family in terms of a household and that they include a multi-actor and multi-disciplinary perspective in the decision-making processes.
Family lives during the COVID-19 pandemic in European Societies: Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Zartler Ulrike , Suwada Katarzyna , Kreyenfeld Michaela 
Published: February 2022

Objective: This chapter introduces the reader to the Special Issue "Family Lives during the COVID-19 Pandemic in European Societies".
Background: This Special Issue analyses how families, parents, and children have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and how they have been coping with its related challenges in different societal contexts.
Method: The studies collected in this Special Issue are based on qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods approaches and data that have been gathered during 2020 in a range of European countries. It covers the first lockdown period, the reopening phases, and the months thereafter.
Results: The 20 contributions of this Special Issue show that families shouldered large responsibilities during the pandemic. While the pandemic did not lead to radical shifts in gendered care patterns, mothers and fathers experienced the pandemic differently, with mothers reporting higher levels of stress. Moreover, there was great heterogeneity in how different types of families and children were affected by the pandemic. Single parents and parents and children in low-income households were most strongly affected in their social and economic wellbeing. Social and economic distress are strongly interwoven, and the developments during the pandemic aggravated existing social disparities.
Conclusion: This Special Issue underlines the importance of the family for the functioning of societies during times of crisis. It also shows that policy makers often adopted a too narrow view of what constitutes a family and did not adequately address family diversity in their decision making. This Special Issue furthermore emphasized that there is a danger that the pandemic will increase disparities between families. Thus, parents and their children need adequate support measures that are tailored to their needs, and that are designed to alleviate these social, economic and educational disparities.
Renovação conservadora no Brasil: efeito perdurante da escravidão
Authors: Rocha de Souza Luzia Kassia 
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste texto é contribuir com a compreensão dos aspectos determinantes para a situação política atual do Brasil. Neste desvelo, fora elaborada a presente resenha, que pontua elementos cruciais para tal compreensão, contidos na obra A elite do atraso: da escravidão à lava jato de Jessé de Souza. Justifica-se pela necessidade ocorrente de debate e reflexão sobre o contexto político, econômico, social e cultural do país. Nesse sentido a obra analisada em questão, possibilita refletir sobre as condições de determinado período histórico em um quadro permeado por ampla influencia teórica, artística, religiosa e midiática.
The Effectiveness of Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Pulmonary Function among Adults Patients of COVID-19 Survivors: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hasanudin Hasanudin , Sukartini Tintin , Makhfudli Makhfudli , Rosyid Alfian Nur , Revita Natalia Christin Tiara , Aini Handira Nadhifatul 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Corona Virus Infection Disease (COVID-19) refers to the infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Most of COVID-19 survivors have residual symptoms after being discharged from the hospital, it then leads to the decreased lung function and quality of life (QoL). Pulmonary rehabilitation is essential because it can reduce the impact of these sequelae. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation in improving lung function among adult patients of COVID-19 survivors.Methods: This study was conducted using 5 databases, namely: CINAHL, PubMed, SAGE, Science Direct, and Scopus from 1 April 2020 to 30 September 2021. The combination of keywords used was: "Pulmonary Rehabilitation", “Pulmonary Function", and "Post-COVID-19". In assessing the bias and methodological quality of the articles obtained, this study used the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist tools.Results: From 678 articles, 11 research articles met the criteria. Pulmonary rehabilitation performed in post-COVID-19 patients included the provision of aerobic exercise, breathing exercises, strength training, balance exercises, relaxation, occupational therapy, psychological support, and nutrition consultation. Lung rehabilitation mainly was performed two sessions a week for 3-8 weeks with different proportions for each patient according to clinical conditions and ability limits. Spirometry and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) revealed that patients who completed the pulmonary rehabilitation program experienced improvements in their lung function.Conclusion: Comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation programs under supervision and psychotherapists are the right choice in improving lung function among COVID-19 survivor adult patients.
Pin Point Trachea: A Case Report
Authors: Candrawati Ni Wayan , Singgih Venny , Yasa Ketut Putu , Rai Ida Bagus Ngurah 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Pin point trachea is a rare case. It is caused by tuberculosis (TB) and trauma due to intubation procedure. Main complication of this abnormality is respiratory failure. It can be diagnosed through bronchoscopy. Managements of this abnormality are interventional bronchoscopy and treating the etiology. Surgery is considered if interventional bronchoscopy failed or cannot be performed.Case: A 29-year-old woman came to the emergency room complaining shortness of breath and hoarseness since two months before hospitalized. The patient also experienced cough, decreased body weight and appetite since 7 months earlier. The patient was diagnosed with bacteriologically confirmed TB and anti-TB drug was given. Cough symptom was decreasing but shortness of breath and hoarseness remained after treatment. Physical examination showed decreased vesicular sound and stridor. Bronchoscopy revealed narrow tracheal lumen (pin point) with fibrosis. Thoracic computed tomography (CT) scan showed severe narrowing of tracheal lumen at thoracic vertebrae 1-2. Surgery was performed to cut the fibrotic tissue and tracheostomy was placed at stenosis area.Conclusion: Pin point trachea is a rare case. One of the causes is tracheobronchial TB. The main managements are optimal administration of anti-TB drugs and interventional bronchoscopy or surgery.