bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytochemicals Analysis in Callus, Tissue Cultured and Conventionally Propagated Plant Roots, and Cell Culture of Plumbago indica L.
Authors: Priyanjani H. A. S. A. , Senarath W. T. P. S. K. , Munasinghe M. L. A. M. S. 
Published: June 2022

Aims: Plumbago indica L. commonly known as rose-coloured leadwort in English is widely used in the treatment of rheumatism, paralysis, leprosy, headache, leukoderma, enlarged glands, scorpion-sting, cancer, ophthalmia, secondary syphilis, dyspepsia, haemorrhage, piles, flatulence and loss of appetite etc. in traditional medicinal systems. Plumbagin is one of the major phytochemicals that is responsible for most of the above biological activities of P. indica. This plant is gradually decreasing from its natural habitats due to over exploitation for medicinal purposes. The use of tissue culture plants for mass scale cultivation and phytochemical extraction can protect P. indica that grows in the natural environment. The development of cell culture allows extracting plumbagin without growing plants in the field.
Study Design: Quantitative and qualitative comparison of phytochemicals in tissue cultured and conventionally propagated P. indica plant roots and callus was done using HPLC and GC-MS analysis.
Methodology: The amount of plumbagin present in eight months old field-grown tissue cultured and conventionally propagated (shoot cutting) plant roots, callus, and cell culture were quantified by HPLC analysis and phytochemicals were identified qualitatively using GC-MS analysis.
Results: Conventionally propagated plant root extract had the highest plumbagin content 23.53 \(\pm\)5.34 \(\mu g\)/mL when compared with tissue cultured plant roots (12.90 \(\pm\)2.42 \(\mu g\)/mL), callus (0.009 µg/mL), cell culture pellet (0.015 \(\pm\)0.01 \(\mu g\)/mL) and cell culture supernatant extract (4.23 \(\pm\)2.07 \(\mu g\)/mL). The GC-MS analysis revealed that conventionally propagated plant root extract contained a higher number of phytochemicals (16) while tissue cultured plant roots contained only four. Callus extract contained only n-Hexadecanoic acid. Nine phytochemicals were detected in cell culture pellet extract while only three phytochemicals were detected in the supernatant.
Conclusion: Tissue cultured P. indica roots can be also used as a source to extract plumbagin in mass scale, yet conditions need to be optimized in order to produce high level of plumbagin. The study confirmed not only the possibility of obtaining plumbagin through cell cultures in a bioreactor system but also products that are mainly secreted into the medium.
Assessment of Various Prognostic Factors of Intestinal Anastomotic Leakage
Authors: Qureshi Zeeshan Zia , Memon Riffat Jabeen , Rasool Bilal , Memon Sohail Ahmed , Kumari Aneeta , Mujeeb-ur- Rehman . 
Published: June 2022

Objectives: To determine the various prognostic factors of intestinal anastomosis leakage at tertiary care Hospital
Material and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Surgical Units of Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro/Hyderabad. A total 100 patients were included those underwent intestinal anastomosis. After taking detailed history and clinical examination, in the patients’ relevant investigations i.e. Blood CP, X-ray abdomen, Methylene Blue Test (to confirm leaks) and ultrasound of the abdomen. If they remain free of any complication, they were discharged. After collection of data, the analyses were done using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) program version 26.0
Results: Mean age of the patients was recorded as 51.5+3.5 years and males were found in the majority (76.6%). In the clinical presentation, abdominal pain was the most common (63.6%). Typhoid 75(25.0%) was the most common diagnosis. The pathological sites were found as Ileocolic 180(60.0%). Poor nutritional status was in 60.0% cases. Anaemia was 40%, diabetes 20%, and hypertension 10%. A high steroid dose history was in 10% cases and 6.6% had a history of chemotherapy. Ischemia of the intestine at the suture line was seen in 6%, local sepsis was 20%, obstruction distal to the anastomosis was 6.6%, postoperative early adhesions was 6.6%.
Conclusion: Male gender, poor nutritional status, diabetes, anemia, presence of local sepsis, chemotherapy and high dose steroid were observed highly prevalent and suspected as factors of anastomosis leakage. Furthermore, many efforts need to be made to reduce the mortality and morbidity rates associated with anastomotic leaks.
Gas‐Permeable Organic Electrochemical Transistor Embedded with a Porous Solid‐State Polymer Electrolyte as an on‐Skin Active Electrode for Electrophysiological Signal Acquisition
Authors: Wang Jiabin , Lee Sunghoon , Yokota Tomoyuki , Someya Takao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFibrous nanomesh organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) embedded with porous solid‐state polymer electrolytes (SPE) are developed for use as on‐skin active electrodes. The OECTs exhibit a microporous structure, which makes them gas permeable, allowing for the evaporation of sweat vapor when they are in conformable contact with the skin. The non‐volatility of the SPE allows for the long‐term functionality of organic electrochemical transistors. The superior electrical characteristics of the OECT can be utilized to locally amplify on‐skin bio‐potential signals. The acquisition of high‐quality electrocardiogram signals is demonstrated in this study. This porous transistor‐type on‐skin active electrode enables the long‐term acquisition of high‐quality electrophysiological signals.
Enhanced Flexibility and Stability of Emissive Layer Enable High‐Performance Flexible Light‐Emitting Diodes by Cross‐Linking of Biomass Material
Authors: Sun Siqi , Jia Pei , Lu Min , Lu Po , Gao Yanbo , Zhong Yuan , Tang Chengyuan , Zhang Yu , Wu Zhennan , Zhu Jinyang , Zhang Yuantao , Yu William W. , Bai Xue 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFlexible perovskite light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have been highly expected to realize advanced wearable optoelectronic applications due to the excellent optoelectronic properties of perovskites. However, the poor water and oxygen stability and limited flexibility of perovskites prevent their commercialization and applications in flexible LEDs. Herein, the low‐cost and green biomass materials‐ethyl cellulose (EC) is added in the CsPbI3 nanocrystals (NCs), acting as a cross‐linker between neighboring halide octahedra through hydrogen bonds and PbO coordination bonds. It reduces the defect densities of NCs, leading to improved photoluminescence quantum yield. Simultaneously, the synergistic effect of efficient defect passivation and hydrophobic ether groups of EC significantly improve the environment stability of NCs. Additionally, the favorable flexibility of EC and cross‐linking between EC and perovskite NCs improve the deformation resistance of the perovskite layer with stable photoluminescence and negligible cracks after repeated bending. Consequently, flexible LEDs based on the EC‐passivated CsPbI3 NCs achieved a record external quantum efficiency of 12.1% and significantly enhanced operational stability. Moreover, the flexible LEDs show small luminance degradation after bending for 1000 cycles at a radius of 3 mm, and still retain high performance even after repeatedly bending at an ultrasmall bending radius of 1 mm.
Iterative learning control for hyperbolic distributed parameter systems based on sensor–actuator networks
Authors: Zhang Jianxiang , Cui Baotong , Lou Xuyang , Wu Wei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes two kinds of iterative learning control (ILC) schemes for a class of the distributed parameter systems based on sensor–actuator networks which can be described by hyperbolic partial differential equations. A D‐type ILC algorithm is first considered and the convergent condition of the output error is obtained via the contraction mapping methodology. Then, the PD‐type ILC algorithm is considered in this hyperbolic distributed parameter systems based on sensor–actuator networks. Finally, a cable equation with air and structural damping is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Interval estimator design for switched systems with its application
Authors: Zhao Ying , Gao Yuxuan , Wang Rui , Wang Peng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the interval estimation issue for switched systems subject to the bounded noise signal and disturbance signal. By virtue of the positiveness feature of the interval estimation error dynamics, the multiple co‐positive Lyapunov functions strategy is presented to build the interval estimators for the switched linear systems under the dwell‐time dependent switching signal. A new criterion is driven to ensure the boundedness of the interval estimation errors. This criterion can be checked by linear programming technique. In the end, a beneficial application of estimating the speeds of an engine model is offered to verify the estimation performances of the established interval estimation technique.
The epidemiology and prognosis of patients with primary gastric T‐cell lymphoma in the SEER program
Authors: Zhang Minyue , Xiao Fei , Lin Meisi , Chen Mengping , Hou Jian , Huang Honghui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrimary gastric T‐cell lymphoma (PG‐TCL) is a rare hematological malignancy with few data reported. The objective of this study is to investigate the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and survivals of PG‐TCL.MethodsTotally, 164 patients with PG‐TCL from 1975 to 2016 extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) database were analyzed. Kaplan–Meier method was applied to plot overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS). The prognostic factors of OS and CSS were explored by Cox proportional hazard regression. Nomograms were constructed to predict survival possibilities.ResultsThe age‐adjusted incidence rate of PG‐TCL was 0.0091 per 100,000 person‐years and increased with age. The median age at onset was 65 years old with male predominance. The major histological type was peripheral T‐cell lymphoma, NOS (63.4%). The 1‐, 2‐, and 5‐year OS were 45.5%, 34.7%, and 23.5%, respectively while the 1‐, 2‐, and 5‐year CSS were 47.4%, 37.3%, and 29.6%, respectively. Multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that age at diagnosis, use of chemotherapy, and radiotherapy were the independent prognostic factors for OS. Chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy could significantly improve patients' OS compared with chemotherapy alone. Moreover, age at diagnosis and use of chemotherapy were also the independent prognostic factors for CSS. Nomograms for PG‐TCL were developed to predict 1‐, 2‐, and 5‐year OS possibilities. The predictability of nomograms was verified by high concordance index and good agreement with the predicted value in calibration plots.ConclusionPG‐TCL is a rare neoplasm with low incidence. Patients with PG‐TCL generally exhibited poor prognosis. Use of chemotherapy plus radiotherapy was associated with favorable OS.
Integration of planning, scheduling, and control: A review and new perspectives
Authors: Andrés‐Martínez Oswaldo , Ricardez‐Sandoval Luis A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe competitive, profitable, and safe operation of chemical plants depends on tight and effective coordination among the different decision making levels of the enterprise, including planning, scheduling, and control. The optimal integration of these functions has become critical given the disruptive effects of the recent COVID‐19 pandemic on the supply chains and the current trends in climate change. However, integrating multiple decision making levels creates modelling and computational challenges. In this study, we review the progress made in the integration of two and three decisions levels using mathematical programming and control theory tools. We highlight the model reduction and decomposition techniques that have been applied, as well as the main issues that remain unsolved. Perspectives on emergent areas of application and novel computing solutions are also discussed.
Conditional ablation of E‐cadherin in the oral epithelium progeny results in tooth anomalies
Authors: Kyrkanides Stephanos , Trochesset Denise , Cordero‐Ricardo Maria , Brouxhon Sabine M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this study is to confirm the developmental origin of the enamel organ and evaluate the role of E‐cadherin in tooth development by conditional deletion in the oral epithelium and its enamel organ progeny. K5‐Cre;ROSA26 compound mice were included in this study in order to confirm the oral epithelial origin of the enamel organ, as well as of the action of the K5‐Cre transgene in ablating E‐cadherin in the enamel organ. K5‐Cre;Ecadfl/fl knockout mice were included to evaluate the effects of the conditional E‐cadherin ablation onto tooth development.Material and MethodsK5‐Cre transgenic mice were crossed into the ROSA26 reporter mouse to trace the cell fate of the oral epithelium and its progeny in vivo. Moreover, K5‐Cre mice were crossed into the Ecadfl/fl mice to produce K5‐Cre;Ecadfl/fl compound mouse, as well as K5‐Cre;Ecadfl/+ and Ecadfl/fl littermate controls. These litters were euthanized at postnatal day P2 to study the effects of conditional E‐cadherin ablation in vivo.ResultsThe K5‐Cre;ROSA26 compound mouse demonstrated that the origin of the enamel organ and the structures thereof are of oral epithelial origin. Furthermore, using the K5‐Cre;Ecadfl/fl compound mouse, we determined that conditional ablation of E‐cadherin in the oral epithelium, and its progeny, results in dental anomalies involving elongation of the molar root, shrinkage of the pulp space, and alterations of the periapical area, including cementum hyperplasia. The K5‐Cre;Ecadfl/fl mice also displayed a smaller overall stature compared with heterozygotes and wild‐type littermates.ConclusionsE‐cadherin is important in tooth development, including the formation of enamel, the crown, pulp space, and the roots.
Comorbidity patterns in institutionalized older adults affected by dementia
Authors: Zazzara Maria Beatrice , Vetrano Davide Liborio , Carfì Angelo , Liperoti Rosa , Damiano Cecilia , Onder Graziano 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionDementia is common in nursing homes (NH) residents. Defining dementia comorbidities is instrumental to identify groups of persons with dementia that differ in terms of health trajectories and resources consumption. We performed a cross‐sectional study to identify comorbidity patterns and their associated clinical, behavioral, and functional phenotypes in institutionalized older adults with dementia.MethodsWe analyzed data on 2563 Italian NH residents with dementia, collected between January 2014 and December 2018 using the multidimensional assessment instrument interRAI Long‐Term Care Facility (LTCF). A standard principal component procedure was used to identify comorbidity patterns. Linear regression analyses were used to ascertain correlates of expression of the different patterns.ResultsAmong NH residents with dementia, we identified three different comorbidity patterns: (1) heart diseases, (2) cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and sensory impairments, and (3) psychiatric diseases. Older age significantly related to increased expression of the first two patterns, while younger patients displayed increased expression of the third one. Recent hospital admissions were associated with increased expression of the heart diseases pattern (β = 0.028; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.003 to 0.05). Depressive symptoms and delirium episodes increased the expression of the psychiatric diseases pattern (β = 0.130, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.17, and β 0.130, CI 0.10 to 0.17, respectively), while showed a lower expression of the heart diseases pattern.DiscussionWe identified different comorbidity patterns within NH residents with dementia that differ in term of clinical and functional profiles. The prompt recognition of health needs associated to a comorbidity pattern may help improve long‐term prognosis and quality of life of these individuals.Highlights
Defining dementia comorbidities patterns in institutionalized older adults is key.
Institutionalized older adults with dementia express different care needs.
Comorbidity patterns are instrumental to identify different patients’ phenotypes.
Phenotypes vary in terms of health trajectories and demand different care plans.
Prompt recognition of phenotypes in nursing homes can positively impact on outcomes.
A feces‐filled non‐inverted ileal pseudodiverticulum presenting as a pedunculated polyp successfully treated by traction‐assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Inada Taisuke , Sumida Yorinobu , Ihara Eikichi , Yoshitake Chikako , Ohkubo Akito , Tomoeda Naru , Hamada Shohei , Iboshi Yoichiro , Nakamuta Makoto , Harada Naohiko 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA 68‐year‐old man was referred to our hospital for endoscopic treatment of colon polyps detected at a local clinic. Colonoscopy revealed not only classical adenomatous polyps in the transverse and sigmoid colon but also an atypical pedunculated polyp in the terminal ileum with the head of the lesion moving back and forth through the ileocecal valve. Based on the endoscopic findings, the pedunculated polyp was diagnosed as a non‐epithelial tumor of the ileum. However, traction‐assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection was performed because of the high risk of intestinal intussusception or obstruction. Histopathological analysis of the resected specimen revealed that the pedunculated polyp was a non‐inverted ileal pseudodiverticulum filled with feces. We report the first case of a feces‐filled non‐inverted pseudodiverticulum presenting as a pedunculated polyp successfully treated by traction‐assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection.
Spatio‐temporal discretization uncertainty of distributed hydrological models
Authors: Markhali Siavash P. , Poulin Annie , Boucher Marie‐Amélie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractQuantifying the uncertainty linked to the degree to which the spatio‐temporal variability of the catchment descriptors (CDs), and consequently calibration parameters (CPs), represented in the distributed hydrology models and its impacts on the simulation of flooding events is the main objective of this paper. Here, we introduce a methodology based on ensemble approach principles to characterize the uncertainties of spatio‐temporal variations. We use two distributed hydrological models (water balance simulation model and Hydrotel) and six catchments with different sizes and characteristics, located in southern Quebec, to address this objective. We calibrate the models across four spatial (100, 250, 500 and 1000 m2) and two temporal (3 and 24 h) resolutions. Afterwards, all combinations of CDs‐CPs pairs are fed to the hydrological models to create an ensemble of simulations for characterizing the uncertainty related to the spatial resolution of the modelling, for each catchment. The catchments are further grouped into large (>1000 km2), medium (between 500 and 1000 km2) and small (<500 km2) to examine multiple hypotheses. The ensemble approach shows a significant degree of uncertainty (over 100% error for estimation of extreme streamflow) linked to the spatial discretization of the modelling. Regarding the role of CDs, results show that first, there is no meaningful link between the uncertainty of the spatial discretization and catchment size, as spatio‐temporal discretization uncertainty can be seen across different catchment sizes. Second, the temporal scale plays only a minor role in determining the uncertainty related to spatial discretization. Third, the more physically representative a model is, the more sensitive it is to changes in spatial resolution. Finally, the uncertainty related to model parameters is larger than that of CDs for most of the catchments. Yet, there are exceptions for which a change in spatio‐temporal resolution can alter the distribution of state and flux variables, change the hydrologic response of the catchments and cause large uncertainties.
Fabrication of a visible‐light‐driven p‐type NiWO4/n‐type SnO2 heterojunction with efficient photocatalytic activity for degradation of Amaranth
Authors: Kamaraj Eswaran , Lee Yong Rok , Balasubramani Kavitha 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study, n‐type SnO2 was synthesized and modified with p‐type NiWO4 to create a new NiWO4/SnO2 p–n heterojunction photocatalyst for effective organic dye degradation (Amaranth). X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–Vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis were all used to evaluate the synthesized materials. Through its internal electric field and strong driving force, the composite photocatalyst with p–n heterojunction considerably enhances charge generation and suppresses photogenerated electron–hole recombination, which would be beneficial to boost their photocatalytic performance. At 180 min, the NiWO4/SnO2 photocatalyst had the maximum efficiency for degrading Amaranth, up to 93%. Finally, the experimental results were used to rationally analyze the photodegradation mechanism.
Pharmacological activation of thehERGK+channel for the management of the longQTsyndrome: A review
Authors: El Harchi Aziza , Brincourt Oriane 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the human heart, the rapid delayed rectifier K+current (IKr) contributes significantly to ventricular action potential (AP) repolarization and to set the duration of the QT interval of the surface electrocardiogram (ECG). The pore‐forming (α) subunit of theIKrchannel is encoded byKCNH2or human ether‐à‐go‐go‐related gene 1 (hERG1). Impairment of hERG function through either gene mutation (congenital) or pharmacological blockade by diverse drugs in clinical use (acquired) can cause a prolongation of the AP duration (APD) reflected onto the surface ECG as a prolonged QT interval or Long QT Syndrome (LQTS). LQTS can increase the risk of triggered activity of ventricular cardiomyocytes and associated life‐threatening arrhythmia. Current treatments all focus on reducing the incidence of arrhythmia or terminating it after its onset but there is to date no prophylactic treatment for the pharmacological management of LQTS. A new class of hERG modulators (agonists) have been suggested through direct interaction with the hERG channel to shorten the action potential duration (APD) and/or increase the postrepolarisation refractoriness period (PRRP) of ventricular cardiomyocytes protecting thereby against triggered activity and associated arrhythmia. Although promising drug candidates, there remain major obstacles to their clinical development. The aim of this review is to summarize the latest advances as well as the limitations of this proposed pharmacotherapy.