bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eupaformosanin Induces Apoptosis and Ferroptosis Through Ubiquitination of Mutant P53 in Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Wei Yingying , Zhu Zhihui , Hu Hongtao , Guan Jiaqi , Yang Bo , Zhao Huajun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype with no targeted treatment. The objective of this study was to find new therapeutic agents and appropriate therapeutic methods and overcome the limitations of TNBC treatment. Methods P53 mutant TNBC cells were treated with eupaformosanin (Eup), a natural compound isolated from Eupatorium cannabinum Linn. Apoptosis and ferroptosis were detected in vitro and in vivo. RNA knockdown was used to investigate the role of mutant p53 in ferroptosis and apoptosis of Eup-induced cell death. A xenograft TNBC animal model was established to assess the anti-TNBC activity of Eup. Results MTT assay suggested that Eup strongly inhibited the viability of TNBC cells. Meanwhile, mitochondrial apoptosis contributed to the cell death in TNBC cells while mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP; Δψm) was disrupted, mitochondrial ROS (mt ROS) was enhanced, and related level of proteins was regulated. Apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD rescued Eup-induced cell death. Afterwards, ferroptosis-induced cell death was demonstrated in TNBC cells, accompanied by lipid ROS accumulation, GSH depletion and iron increase. These events were blocked by ferroptosis inhibitors Fer-1 and DFO, indicating that ferroptosis facilitated Eup-induced cell death. Furthermore, Eup regulated mutant p53 ubiquitination, and mutant p53 signaling participated in Eup-induced apoptosis and ferroptosis, which were rescued when mutant p53 was silent in TNBC cells. Moreover, Eup exerted an anti-TNBC effect by inducing apoptosis and ferroptosis in vivo.Conclusion The natural compound Eup is a potential TNBC therapeutic agent that induces apoptosis and ferroptosis through ubiquitination of mutant p53.
Dynamic Molecular Switches Drive Negative Memristance Emulating Synaptic Behaviour
Authors: Nijhuis Christian , Wang Yulong , Zhang Qian , Astier Hippolyte , Nickle Cameron , Zhang Ziyu , Leoncini Andrea , Qi Dongchen , Han Yingmei , Barco Enrique del , Thompson Damien 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To realise molecular scale electrical operations beyond the von Neumann bottleneck, new types of multi-functional switches are needed that mimic self-learning or neuromorphic computing by dynamically toggling between multiple operations that depend on their past. Here we report a molecule that switches from high to low conductance states with massive negative memristive behaviour that depends on the drive speed and number of past switching events, with all measurements fully modelled using atomistic and analytical models. This dynamic molecular switch (DMS) emulates synaptic behaviour and Pavlovian learning, all within a 2.4 nm thick layer that is three orders of magnitude thinner than a neuronal synapse. The DMS provides all fundamental logic gates necessary for deep learning because of its time-domain and voltage-dependent plasticity. The synapse-mimicking multi-functional DMS represents adaptable molecular scale hardware operable in solid-state devices opening a pathway to simplify dynamic complex electrical operations encoded within a single ultra-compact component.
Nonlinear Low Rank Representation by Estimating Optimal Transformations for Image Clustering
Authors: Chen Haoran , Chen Xu , Tao Hongwei , Li Zuhe , Guo Hanming , Cui Yong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Low rank representation is a very effective method, which is often used in unsupervised learning and semi-supervised classification. Due to the presence of noise and nonlinearity structure in real data, low rank representation fails to obtain the global information of the data well, so it can not be able to get enough discrimination information. For this motivation, this paper proposes a novel nonlinear low rank representation by estimating optimal transformations (EOTLRR) which can obtain a better global structure of the dataset by increasing the correlation among samples that may belong to the same category. The proposed method establishes an objective function that maximizes the largest q-ky Fan norm of the covariance matrix of data samples through estimating optimal transformations. Alternative Conditional Expectation method is employed to maximize the conditional expectation of samples, which can increase the correlation among the samples belonged to the same category. Experimental results on five real datasets and a synthetic dataset show that our method has superior performance compared with other latest methods.
Environmental application of engineering magnesite slag for phosphate adsorption from wastewater
Authors: Liang Hai , Guo Panliang , Yang Yunhong , Wang Wanting , Sun Zhaonan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Herein, magnesite slags (MS), which remain after sulfuric acid extraction from light burnt magnesite in the magnesite industry, were used as phosphate adsorbents in wastewater. The MS were calcined under 700°C to enhance phosphate adsorption. The calcined magnesite slags (CMS) were characterized by nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. A series of batch adsorption experiments were carried out to test the phosphate adsorption capacity of CMS. The results showed that the calcific treatment promoted the conversion from Mg, Ca, Fe, etc. compound to metal oxide of the MS. The generated metal oxide particles resulted in 237.4 mg/g increase in the phosphate adsorption capacity. The phosphate adsorption isotherm of CMS fitted the Langmuir model better, the maximum adsorption capacity of CMS was 526 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics of phosphate on CMS can be described by the pseudo-second-order model. The phosphate removal efficiency was greater than 98% in 300 mg/L phosphate solution. The results obtained in this work demonstrate that the CMS is a potential effective adsorbent for removal and reutilization phosphate from P-contaminated water, due to it can be employed as a fertilizer after phosphate adsorption.
Fuzzy Quadratic Programming Problem with Fuzzy Decision Variables: Acase of Portfolio Risk Minimization
Authors: Acharya Mitali Madhumita , TADESSE ADMASU , Belay Berhanu , Sriku Acharya , Sahoo Manoranjan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This manuscript is concerned with the solution procedure of a fuzzy quadratic programming problem on risk adjusted return of portfolios by simulation-based genetic algorithm. In this manuscript, parameters of the programming problem are considered as triangular fuzzy numbers. The decision variables are assumed to be triangular fuzzy variables. In contrast to the classical technique, the proposed approach does not require the derivation of crisp equivalent form. The fuzziness of parameters and decision variables of the objective functions is first addressed using a ranking function formula implemented by MATLAB, which combines the strategy used in Genetic Algorithm. The property of fuzzy inequality constraint is used to handle the fuzziness of constraint functions. The feasibility requirements are maintained throughout the problem. A case study is used to demonstrate the proposed methodology.
Physical Activity Outcome In Early Vs Delayed Elderly Hip Fracture Surgery
Authors: Gopurathingal Anto , Kamat Amar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The study aimed to find if an earlier fixation of proximal hip fractures in the elderly, leads to a better outcome, physically and mentally. Current guidelines recommend that hip fracture surgery should be done within 24 hours of injury. But those favoring a delay in surgery believe that it provides sufficient time to medically optimize patients, and thereby decrease the risk for perioperative complication. Our study was carried out in a tertiary care center. A total of 58 patients was enrolled in the study. Analysis showed, in comparison with the delayed fixation group, the early fixation group didn’t enjoy a statistically better physical quality of life at the end of 6 months, but mental health scores were significantly above the delayed fixation group. It also showed the most common reason for the delay was late presentation followed by delayed insurance clearance. An increased hospital stay was also seen for the delayed fixation group.
Interaction Between Soil and Fertiliser Nitrogen (N) Drives Plant N Uptake and Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Emissions in Tropical Sugarcane Systems
Authors: Takeda Naoya , Friedl Johannes , Kirkby Robert , Rowlings David , De Rosa Daniele , Scheer Clemens , Grace Peter 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Aims: High nitrogen (N) fertiliser inputs in intensive sugarcane systems drive productivity but also significant emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas. The effects of N fertiliser inputs on native soil N availability for plant N uptake as well as N2O emissions remain unknown, hindering efficient N management. This study investigated the contribution of fertiliser and soil N and their interaction to plant N uptake and N2O emissions in two intensively managed tropical sugarcane systems with different farming practices. Methods: High temporal resolution N2O measurements were combined with 15N recoveries across four N fertiliser rates, (100, 150, 200 and 250 kg N ha-1) in soil, plant and N2O emissions. Results: Cumulative N2O emissions ranged from 0.3 to 4.1 kg N ha-1, corresponding to emission factors ranging from 0.7 to 2.4%. Native soil N accounted for > 60% of cumulative N2O emissions and total plant N uptake. Fertiliser N addition increased N2O emissions from native soil N compared to the unfertilised control. These findings highlight the interaction between fertiliser and soil N, with the latter being the dominant source for N uptake and loss. Overall fertiliser 15N loss responded exponentially to N rates with 50% of applied N fertiliser permanently lost even at the recommended N rate. Conclusions: The response of soil-derived N2O emissions to N rates largely determined the magnitude of total N2O emissions, demonstrating the importance of site and soil specific interaction between soil and fertiliser N for N2O emissions.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis is mediated by CXCR6+ polyfunctional lymphocytes and is dependent on the IL23/IFNγ axis
Authors: Lo Jonathan , Cozzetto Domenico , Liu Zhigang , Ibraheim Hajir , Sieh Jillian , Olbei Marton , Alexander James , Blanco Jesus Miguens , Madgwick Matthew , Kudo Hiromi , Seoane Rocio Castro , Goldin Robert , Marchesi Julian , Korcsmaros Tamas , Lord Graham , Powell Nick 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) have revolutionised cancer treatment, with previously untreatable disease now amenable to potential cure. Combination regimens of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 show enhanced efficacy but are prone to off-target immune-mediated tissue injury, particularly at the barrier surfaces. CPI-induced colitis is a common and serious complication. To probe the impact of immune checkpoints on intestinal homeostasis, mice were challenged with combination anti-CTLA-4/anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and manipulation of the intestinal microbiota. Colonic immune responses were profiled using bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing and flow cytometry. CPI-colitis was dependent on the composition of the intestinal microbiota and was characterized by remodelling of mucosal lymphocytes with induction of polyfunctional lymphocyte responses characterized by increased expression of interferon-γ (IFNγ), other pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines (Il22, Il17a Ccl3, Ccl4 and Ccl9), cytotoxicity molecules (Gzmb, Gzma, Prf1, Nkg7) and the chemokine receptor Cxcr6. In comparison with mucosal lymphocytes in the steady state, polyfunctional lymphocytes from both CD4+ and CD8+ lineages upregulated costimulatory molecules and checkpoint molecules in CPI-colitis, indicating that these cells are tightly regulated. CPI-colitis was attenuated following depletion of effector lymphocytes or following blockade of the IL23/IFNγ axis. This study provides new mechanistic insights into CPI-colitis, identifying polyfunctional, cytotoxic lymphocytes as key mediators of disease. Therapeutic targeting of their effector response or regulatory networks, including the IL23/IFNγ axis likely holds the key to preventing and reversing CPI-colitis.
Brushing Resistance of Orthodontic Sealants – An in Vitro Surface Analysis Study Using Two Different Profilometric Evaluation Methods
Authors: Lorenz Julia , Schidtmann Irene , Morawietz Maria , Kiesow Andreas , Wehrbein Heinrich , Sarembe Sandra , Erbe Christina 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical resistance of five commonly used orthodontic sealants against brushing load in comparison to a positive group. Methods: Brackets were bonded to each of the 48 hydroxyapatite (HA) discs, and then divided into 6 groups of 8 specimens. No human subjects were involved. The following sealants were applied around the bracket base and according to manufacturer’s instructions. Group 1: Pro SealTM (Reliance Orthodontic Products, Itasca, Illinois, USA); 2: Light BondTM (Reliance Orthodontic Products, Itasca, Illinois, USA); 3: ClinproTM XT Varnish (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany); 4: Protecto® CaF2 Nano (BonaDent GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany); 5: Fluor Protector (Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein). Tetric EvoFlow® (Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan Liechtenstein) was used as the positive control group.Tooth brushing simulations of 6 weeks and 6 months were performed with the Oral-B PRO 1000 electric toothbrush (Procter & Gamble Manufacturing, Marktheidenfeld, Germany). The quantity of each sealant was measured with mechanical (MP) and optical profilometry (OP), at baseline, after 6 weeks and after 6 months of brushing. Statistical analysis was performed according to two mixed linear models and post hoc Tukey-Kramer comparisons. The significance level was set at 5% (α ≤ 0.05).Results: Pro SealTM (MP: 9%; OP: 22%) and Light BondTM (MP: 19%; OP: 16%) showed the lowest changes in sealant thickness after 6 months of simulated brushing. ClinproTM XT Varnish and Tetric EvoFlow® recorded no statistically significant results. The fluoride varnishes Protecto® CaF2 Nano and Fluor Protector could not be conclusively evaluated since the thickness of the sealants could not be determined at baseline. The results of both evaluation methods are in good agreement.Conclusion: Pro SealTM and Light BondTM are resistant against tooth brushing and are able to adequately keep the bracket environment sealed even after 6 months. The two different measuring methods, MP and OP, provide a precise impression of the changes in the surface.
Statistical Optimization of Biodiesel Synthesis from Waste Cooking Oil Using Bentonite Clay as Catalyst
Authors: Ulakpa Wisdom Chukwuemeke , Ulakpa Ruth Oghenerukevwe , Eyankware Emmanuel Oghenegare 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Biodiesel was synthesized from waste cooking oil (WCO) utilizing a transesterification process with clay as a heterogeneous catalyst. The transesterification was carried out for 4 hours at reaction temperatures of 60°C using 4 wt.% catalyst and 9:1 (methanol to oil) ratio. Continuous stirring at 60°C for 4 hours and a 9:1 methanol/oil molar ratio with 4wt.% catalyst resulted in a high yield of FAMEs (91.2%). The impact of several reaction factors on biodiesel yield were explored. For the optimization of five process parameters, this study uses regression models constructed using central composite design (CCD) of randomized response surface methodology (RSM) to forecast FAME production for the transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO). The influence of methanol to oil molar ratio, catalyst weight, temperature, and reaction time was investigated in 32 trials. The estimated coefficient of determination (R), corrected R, and coefficient of variance were determined to be 0.9956 percent, 0.9877 percent, and 663.15 percent, respectively, at a molar ratio of 9:1, catalyst concentration of 4 wt.%, and a reaction duration of 4 hrs. 3D plots were used to determine the effects of the combination of these elements. The response surface methodology (RSM) was shown to be an effective statistical technique for developing an acceptable empirical model for linking operational parameters and forecasting optimal operating conditions. The statistical analyses and the closeness of the experimental results to model predictions demonstrate the regression model's dependability, and the findings will aid in the selection of an efficient and cost-effective biodiesel production technique from low-cost raw materials with high free fatty acid. Furthermore, according to international biodiesel specifications, the fuel characteristics of the created biodiesel were within acceptable levels.
Decomposing Male-Female Gap in Depressive Symptoms among Older Adults: Evidence from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India
Authors: Paul Ronak , Muhammad T. , Rashmi Rashmi , Sharma Palak , Srivast Shobhit 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundDepression reduces the functioning of an individual leading to a prime cause of disability in terms of total years lost due to disability, starting from the younger ages. The study explored whether there is a difference in the prevalence of depressive symptoms among male and female older adults in India and identified the factors contributing to such differences in depression prevalence across sexes.MethodsThe study used data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) wave-I conducted during 2017-18. The analytical sample of the current study was 30,637 older adults aged 60 years and above (14,682 males and 15,655 females). Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used in the initial stages. Binary logistic regression and multivariate decomposition analysis were performed to fulfil the study objectives. ResultsA proportion of 7.3% older males and 9.3% older females had depressive symptoms. Poor self-rated health, multi-morbidity status, physical activity, difficulty in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) were the significant health-related factors for depression among older males and females. Not satisfied with one’s life, not satisfied with once present living arrangement, receiving ill-treatment, being widowed, were the significant socio-demographic factors for depression among older males and females. It was revealed that there exists a gender disparity in prevalence of depression (CI: 0.049). If older men and women had similar marital status, the gender gap in depression would have reduced by 50.1%. Similarly, having equal ADL and IADL conditions among men and women would have reduced the gap by 15.0% and 39.0% respectively. Having equal self-rated health would have reduced the male-female gap by 19.5%, whereas, having equal morbidity status (6.1%), level of life satisfaction (13.1%) and satisfaction in present living arrangement (5.6%) would have reduced the gender gap in depression.ConclusionThe depression has emerged as a major public health problem with a greater female disadvantage and it is important that there is a need to focus on gender specific policies to mitigate this problem.
Application of quantum computing to a linear non-Gaussian acyclic model for novel medical knowledge discovery
Authors: Kawaguchi Hideaki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Recently, the utilization of real-world medical data collected from clinical sites has been attracting attention. Especially as the number of variables in real-world medical data increases, causal discovery becomes more and more important. In this study, an algorithm called qLiNGAM, which applies quantum computing to a linear non-Gaussian acyclic model, one of the causal discovery algorithms, is developed to verify whether qLiNGAM can estimate causal structures from real-world medical data. When qLiNGAM was applied to real-world medical data, a case was confirmed in which the causal structure could be correctly estimated when the amount of data was small, which was not possible with existing methods. Furthermore, it was shown that qLiNGAM could be implemented on real quantum hardware. It is suggested that qLiNGAM may be able to discover new medical knowledge and contribute to the solution of medical problems, even when only a small amount of data is available.
A data-driven modeling method for an aero gas turbine engine system based on the transient data
Authors: Kim Sangjo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Accurate performance prediction models in gas turbines are essential for diagnosis. In this paper, a data-driven modeling method is newly proposed for an aero gas turbine engine system with high prediction accuracy during dynamic operation by considering the time delay included in the measured temperature from a sensor. Modeling and analysis are performed using an aero gas turbine engine with rapid thrust change. The accuracy of the data-driven model trained using the measured temperature and the flow temperature calculated through physical relations is compared. The flow temperature is calculated from the measured temperature based on lumped system analysis. In data learning, the low-pressure shaft speed and low-pressure turbine total temperature are defined as input parameters, whilst engine net thrust, and fuel mass flow rate are defined as output ones. The results show that using the measured temperature for training without conversion adversely affects the accuracy of the data-driven model. The flow temperature converted from the measured values is reasonable in terms of thermodynamic cycle matching of the engine. It is confirmed that the accuracy of the data-driven model is significantly improved when the actual flow temperature is used for model training.
Metabolic Effects of Estradiol Versus Testosterone in Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome
Authors: Auer Matthias K. , Birnbaum Wiebke , Hartmann Michaela F. , Holterhus Paul-Martin , Kulle Alexandra , Lux Anke , Marshall Luise , Rall Katarina , Richter-Unruh Anette , Werner Ralf , Wudy Stefan A. , Hiort Olaf 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
PurposeTo study differences in metabolic outcomes between testosterone and estradiol replacement in patients with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS). MethodsIn this multicentre, double-blind, randomized crossover trial, 26 women with CAIS were included of whom 17 completed the study. After a two-months run in phase with estradiol, patients either received transdermal estradiol followed by crossover to transdermal testosterone or vice versa. After six months, differences in lipids, fasting glucose, insulin, hematocrit, liver parameters and blood pressure between the treatment phases were investigated. ResultsLinear mixed models adjusted for period and sequence did not reveal major group differences according to treatment for the investigated outcomes. In each treatment group, there were however significant uniform changes in BMI and cholesterol. BMI increased significantly, following six months of estradiol (+2.7%; p = 0.036) as well as testosterone treatment (+2.8%; p = 0.036). There was also a significant increase in total (+10.4%; p = 0.001) and LDL-cholesterol (+29.2%; p = 0.049) and a decrease in HDL-cholesterol (-15.8%; p < 0.001) following six months of estradiol as well as six months of testosterone treatment (total cholesterol: +14.6%; p = 0.008; LDL-cholesterol: +39.1%; p = 0.005, HDL-cholesterol: -15.8%; p = 0.004). Other parameters remained unchanged.ConclusionTransdermal estradiol as well as testosterone treatment in women with CAIS results in worsening in lipid profiles. Given the relatively small sample size, subtle group differences in other metabolic parameters may have remained undetected.