bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Annona muricata (Graviola) (Annonaceae): Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Future Directions, a Review
Authors: Mbuyi Patience Lunkondo , Assumani Idrissa Zabo , Ntezolo John Za Nza , Kabasele Dorah Mwenyi , Wale Innocent Shongo , Massamba Panazale , Lesse Victorine Mbo , Kiala Randy Isaya , Nzinga Philipe Sansi , Bongo Richard Mananga , Mbembo Blaise Mbembo Wa , Divengi Jean-Paul Nzambi , Mukeba Florent Biduaya , Longo Benjamin Mbenza , Lusakibanza Mariano Manzo , Mutwale Paulin Kapepula , Mesia Gauthier Kahunu 
Published: October 2022

Aims: Promote Annona muricata (Graviola) and provide information on its phytochemistry and bioactivity.
Study Design: Multidisciplinary advanced bibliographic surveys, utilization of ChemBioDraw software package, and dissemination of the resulted knowledge.
Place and Duration of Study: UR73, Development in Pedagogy and Health, Interdisciplinary Research Center of the National Pedagogical University, National Pedagogical University, Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, between June 2021 and July 2022.
Methodology: A bibliographic review was carried out to acquire information on the pharmacognosy and phytochemistry of A. muricata from various electronic databases (PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct and Google Scholar). The terms phytochemistry, pharmacognosy and the scientific name of this plant species were used as keywords for the search. The ChemBioDraw Ultra 15.0 software package was used to draw the chemical structures of natural compounds of A. muricata.
Results: From the results obtained, it should be noted that A. muricata is traditionally used as an analgesic or stimulant. Various studies inform that this plant has various pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, antihelminthic, cytotoxic, antipyretic, analgesic, healing and anti-sickling effects. Many natural phytochemicals like tannins, alkaloids, phenols, glycosides, flavonoids and steroids are responsible for its properties.
Conclusion: This review therefore helps to inform future research on the design and development of new relevant drugs from A. muricata to improve human health and well-being. Especially drug candidates for the treatment of cancer and tuberculosis.
Surrogacy of Pathologic Complete Response in Trials of Neoadjuvant Therapy for Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Conforti Fabio , Pala Laura , Bagnardi Vincenzo , De Pas Tommaso , Colleoni Marco , Buyse Marc , Hortobagyi Gabriel , Gianni Luca , Winer Eric , Loibl Sibylle , Cortes Javier , Piccart Martine , Wolff Antonio C. , Viale Giuseppe , Gelber Richard D. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceThe pathologic complete response (pCR) is supported by regulatory agencies as a surrogate end point for long-term patients’ clinical outcomes in the accelerated approval process of new drugs tested in neoadjuvant randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for early breast cancer (BC). However, a meaningful association between pCR and patients’ survival has been proven only at the patient level (ie, significantly better survival of patients who achieved pCR compared with those who did not), but not at trial level (ie, poor association between degree of improvement in pCR rate and survival reported across trials).ObservationsWe critically discuss the potential reasons of such discrepancy between pCR surrogacy value at the patient and trial level, as well as the relevant implications for both clinical research and drug regulatory policy. We also describe alternative surrogate end points, including combined end points that jointly analyzed pathological response and event-free survival data, or the assessment of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Such proposed surrogate end points could overcome limits of pCR and provide a reasonable trade-off between the 2 conflicting needs to have access to effective therapies rapidly, and to reliably assess patients’ clinical benefit.Conclusions and RelevanceUsing surrogate end points to grant drug approvals is justified only when they can provide accurate prediction of a drug’s effect on the long-term patient outcomes. Evidence currently available does not support pCR used alone as a reliable surrogate end point in regulatory neoadjuvant RCTs for BC. The surrogacy value at trial level of potentially more robust surrogate end points needs to be urgently tested.
An Electrochemical‐Electret Coupled Organic Synapse with Single‐Polarity Driven Reversible Facilitation‐to‐Depression Switching
Authors: Wang Hanlin , Chen Yusheng , Ni Zhenjie , Samorì Paolo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNeuromorphic engineering and artificial intelligence demands hardware elements that emulates synapse algorithms. During the last decade electrolyte‐gated organic conjugated materials have been explored as a platform for artificial synapses for neuromorphic computing. Unlike biological synapses, in current devices the synaptic facilitation and depression are triggered by voltages with opposite polarity. To enhance the reliability and simplify the operation of the synapse without lowering its sophisticated functionality, here, an electrochemical‐electret coupled organic synapse (EECS) possessing a reversible facilitation‐to‐depression switch, is devised. Electret charging counterbalances channel conductance changes due to electrochemical doping, inducing depression without inverting the gate polarity. Overall, EECS functions as a threshold‐controlled synaptic switch ruled by its amplitude‐dependent, dual‐modal operation, which can well emulate information storage and erase as in real synapses. By varying the energy level offset between the channel material and the electret, the EECS's transition threshold can be adjusted for specific applications, e.g., imparting additional light responsiveness to the device operation. The novel device architecture represents a major step forward in the development of artificial organic synapses with increased functional complexity and it opens new perspectives toward the fabrication of abiotic neural networks with higher reliability, efficiency, and endurance.
Synthesis of 3‐(2‐Hydroxyaryl)indazole Derivatives through Radical O‐Arylation and [3,3]‐Rearrangement from N‐Hydroxyindazoles and Diaryliodonium Salts
Authors: Nie Shu‐Min , Zhang Xu , Wang Zhi‐Xin , Su Gui‐Fa , Pan Cheng‐Xue , Mo Dong‐Liang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA variety of functionalized 3‐(2‐hydroxyaryl)indazoles and N‐(tetrahydrofuran‐2‐yl)‐3‐(2‐hydroxyaryl)indazoles were prepared in moderate to good yields through a transition metal‐free radical O‐arylation and sequential [3,3]‐rearrangement cascade strategy from N‐hydroxyindazoles and diaryliodonium salts. The equivalents of diaryliodonium salts controlled the formation of the product structures. Mechanistic studies revealed that the O‐arylation and N−O bond cleavage via [3,3]‐rearrangement involved an intermolecular radical process. The reaction tolerated various sensitive functional groups, such as halides, ester, and aldehyde groups.magnified image
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Potassium Vinyltrifluoroborate with Arenes: A Direct Access to Functionalized Styrene Derivatives
Authors: Ma Wenbo , Wang Yang , Li Bo , Zhou Yunhao , Xu Yue , Sun Yanan , Gu Linghui , Cheng An 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHerein, we report a Rh(III)‐catalyzed direct alkenylation of arenes with readily available vinyltrifluoroborate to direct access to functionalized styrenes. This method tolerates a wide range of functional groups in 33 examples with excellent site‐ and regioselectivity under mild conditions. The synthetic utility was demonstrated through the further transformation of thus‐obtained functionalized styrenes. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicated that the reaction probably proceeds through an Rh(III)‐catalyzed C−H activation/Suzuki coupling pathway.magnified image
Pincer‐Ruthenium Catalyzed Oxygen Mediated Dehydrative Etherification of Alcohols and Ortho‐Alkylation of Phenols
Authors: Das Kanu , Yasmin Eileen , Kumar Akshai 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the current report, a dehydration strategy has been formulated for the selective etherification of secondary alcohols catalyzed by NNN pincer‐ruthenium(II) carbonyl complexes based on bis(imino)pyridine ligands in the presence of molecular oxygen under solvent‐free and base‐free conditions at 140 °C. Under these conditions, very high yields (up to 92%, ca. 6133 TON) of the corresponding ethers are obtained at a very low catalyst loading (ca. 0.015 mol%). Mechanistic studies provide key evidence for the various events that occur during the catalytic cycle. While iodometric titration gives quantitative proof for the liberation of hydrogen peroxide in catalytic amounts and hence confirms the role of oxygen as a co‐catalyst, DFT, HRMS, IR and 13C NMR analysis are indicative of the non‐labile nature of the ancillary CO ligand. On the other hand, DFT, NMR and HRMS studies reveal the hemi‐labile nature of the pincer‐ligand in the presence of oxygen. EPR analysis provide conclusive evidence for generation of Ru(III) species via single electron transfer (SET) from O2. Apparently the Ru(III) species (Ph2NN)RuCl2(CO)(OH) is the resting‐state of the etherification reaction and several of its derivatives have been detected by HRMS analysis. The pincer‐ruthenium catalyzed etherification of 1‐phenyl ethanol has been successfully extended not only to various aromatic secondary alcohols but also to the cross‐etherification and/or o‐alkylation of 1‐phenyl ethanols with a variety of phenols. Readily available oxygen and tiny amounts (0.015 mol%) of pincer‐Ru catalyst are the only requirement for this atom‐economical and environmentally benign dehydrative etherification reaction which apparently has not been reported thus far.magnified image
Long‐term outcomes of staged liver resection for synchronous liver metastases from colorectal cancer and the clinical impact of early recurrence: A single‐center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kasai Shunsuke , Ashida Ryo , Sugiura Teiichi , Ohgi Katsuhisa , Yamada Mihoko , Otsuka Shimpei , Kagawa Hiroyasu , Shiomi Akio , Kinugasa Yusuke , Uesaka Katsuhiko 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimThis study was undertaken to evaluate the long‐term outcomes of staged liver resection for synchronous liver metastases (SLM) from colorectal cancer (CRC), and to elucidate the prognostic impact and predictors of early recurrence (ER), which was defined as recurrence within 6 mo.MethodsPatients with SLM from CRC, except for initially unresectable SLM, from January 2013 to December 2020 were included. First, overall survival (OS) and relapse‐free survival (RFS) after staged liver resection were evaluated. Second, eligible patients were classified as follows: patients who were unresectable after resection of CRC (UR), patients with ER, and patients without ER (non‐ER), and their OS after resection of CRC were compared. In addition, risk factors for ER were identified.ResultsThe 3‐y OS and RFS rates after resection of SLM were 78.8% and 30.8%, respectively. Next, the eligible patients were classified as follows: ER (N = 24), non‐ER (N = 56), and UR (N = 24). The non‐ER group had a significantly better OS than the ER (3‐y OS: 89.7% vs 48.0%, P = .001) and UR (3‐y OS: 89.7% vs 61.6%, P < .001) groups, while there was no significant difference between the ER and UR groups in OS (3‐y OS: 48.0% vs 61.6%, P = .638). Increasing carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) before and after resection of CRC was identified as an independent risk factor for ER.ConclusionStaged liver resection for SLM from CRC was feasible and useful for oncological evaluation, as changes in CEA could predict ER, which was associated with a poor prognosis.
Antibody drug conjugates for the treatment of multiple myeloma
Authors: Leong Sarah , Lam Ho Pui Jeff , Kirkham Zoe , Popat Rakesh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe treatment landscape of multiple myeloma (MM) has evolved substantially, but it remains largely incurable so new treatment options are required. Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) are an emerging therapeutic class used in Cancer to deliver targeted therapy. ADCs are composed of three components, an antibody, a chemical linker and a payload which must be chosen carefully to be effective and safe. This alternative mechanism of action to standard treatments makes ADCs an attractive class for further development. However, several ADCs have been investigated but many have not moved further than phase 1 trials, highlighting the challenges in designing an effective and tolerable ADC. Belantamab Mafodotin is currently the only ADC licensed for MM although others are currently under evaluation. Belantamab Mafodotin demonstrated efficacy as monotherapy in triple class exposed patients and combinations are under development which maintain safety with encouraging efficacy particularly at earlier lines of therapy. Retaining an acceptable adverse event profile for ADCs remains vital for their success. Strategies to mitigate ocular events for Belantamab Mafodotin involve lower and less frequent dosing as well as the use of gamma secretase inhibitors. The optimal sequencing of ADCs within the treatment pathway including novel immunotherapies is now under evaluation.
The international consensus classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute Leukemias: myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Thiele Jürgen , Kvasnicka Hans Michael , Orazi Attilio , Gianelli Umberto , Gangat Naseema , Vannucchi Alessandro M. , Barbui Tiziano , Arber Daniel A. , Tefferi Ayalew 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA group of international experts, including hematopathologists, oncologists, and geneticists were recently summoned (September 2021, Chicago, IL, USA) to update the 2016/17 World Health Organization classification system for hematopoietic tumors. After careful deliberation, the group introduced the new International Consensus Classification (ICC) for Myeloid Neoplasms and Acute Leukemias. This current in‐depth review focuses on the ICC‐2022 category of JAK2 mutation‐prevalent myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs): essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, primary myelofibrosis, and MPN, unclassifiable. The ICC MPN subcommittee chose to preserve the primary role of bone marrow morphology in disease classification and diagnostics, while also acknowledging the complementary role of genetic markers for establishing clonality, facilitating MPN subtype designation, and disease prognostication.
Pd‐Catalyzed Mizoroki‐Heck Annulation and Equivalent Aminocarbonylation Reactions Enabled by Mo(CO)6‐Mediated Direct Reduction of Nitro Derivatives
Authors: Xu Shujuan , Liu Huahua , Zhu Jia , Wei Li , Chen Zhiyuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA Pd‐catalyzed Mizoroki‐Heck annulation/equivalent aminocarbonylation reaction of alkene‐tethered aryl iodides with nitro compounds is accomplished, providing facile access to diverse carbamoyl‐substituted benzoheterocycles, such as indolin‐2‐ones and 2,3‐dihydrobenzofurans, in moderate to good yields. The cost‐effective Mo(CO)6 complex is discovered to be a solid carbonyl (CO) source and an ideal reducing agent, enabling the efficient production of the desired benzoheterocycles with broad substrate scope tolerance, including both nitroarenes and nitroalkanes under external reductant‐free conditions.
Analysis of data consistency identifies measurement abnormality in Howells' craniometric test data set
Authors: Pang Jinyong , Dong Yibo , Turner Christopher , Li Chang , Liu Xiaoming 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHowells' craniometric data set is the largest publicly available craniometric data set on the internet and has been widely used in craniometric methods development. The data consists of a main data set of 2524 human crania from 28 populations and an additional “test” data set of 524 crania. Up to 82 measurements were recorded from those crania. We studied the data consistency between the main and test data sets for potential combined usage of the two. We found that the two data sets can be separated clearly via Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection, suggesting some data inconsistency between the two. To further investigate the cause, we split the two data sets into six continental groups (African, Austro‐Melanesian, East Asian, European, Native American, and Polynesian) and tested the distribution difference between the two data sets for each of the groups. We found that the measures of simotic chord (WNB) and simotic subtense (SIS) are significantly and abnormally larger in the test data set than in the main data set. After removing the two measures, the two data sets are broadly comparable. We further showed the evidence that missing decimal points likely caused the abnormality.
A case of massive refractory diarrhea in a patient with COVID‐19
Authors: Shimizu Kentaro , Hirata Haruhiko , Tokuhira Natsuko , Ueda Akiko , Motooka Daisuke , Nakamura Shota , Ogura Hiroshi 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThe new coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) causes gastrointestinal symptoms as well as respiratory symptoms.Case PresentationA 60‐year‐old man was transferred with respiratory difficulty. He was diagnosed as having COVID‐19 and was intubated and placed on mechanical ventilation. He suffered from diarrhea from day 12 and produced a maximum of approximately 6,384 mL/day of watery diarrhea on day 21. He required massive transfusion. Adsorbents and pectin‐containing oligomeric formulas were administered, which decreased the amount of diarrhea. Fecal metagenomic analysis showed the proportions of the genera Enterococcus and Staphylococcus were the most dominate at the genus level. The proportion of Bacteroidetes was <1%. Thereafter, his diarrhea decreased to several times, and he was transferred to another ward on day 104.ConclusionTherapy for intestinal complications as well as that for pneumonia might be important in treating COVID‐19.
An Ultraviolet Fluorophore with Narrowed Emission via Coplanar Molecular Strategy
Authors: He Xin , Lou Jingli , Li Baoxi , Wang Han , Peng Xiaoluo , Li Ganggang , Liu Lu , Huang Yu , Zheng Nan , Xing Longjiang , Huo Yanping , Yang Dezhi , Ma Dongge , Zhao Zujin , Wang Zhiming , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNarrowband emitting fluorophores exhibit immense potentials for organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) with high color purity. However, it's still hard to simultaneously realize short‐wavelength ultraviolet (UV) or near ultraviolet emission (NUV) while maintaining a narrowed full width at half maximum (FWHM) value, and rare work focus on such challenging pursuit. Herein, an ingenious synthetic method was devised to achieve emitters with coplanar structure. 11‐(4,6‐diphenyl‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐yl)indolo[3,2,1‐jk]carbazole (ICZ‐TAZ) was designed to realize narrowed UV emission both in photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) which benefited from the suppression of vibronic coupling. UV/NUV OLEDs based on ICZ‐TAZ achieve external quantum efficiency (EQE) maximums of 3.26 % peaks @ 388 nm and 4.02 % peaks @ 406 nm with small FWHM of 32 nm and 46 nm, respectively, corresponding with reduced efficiency roll‐off at luminance of 100 cd m−2.
Synthesis of Axially Chiral CF3‐Substituted 2‐Arylpyrroles by Sequential Phosphine‐Catalyzed Asymmetric [3+2] Annulation and Oxidative Central‐to‐Axial Chirality Transfer
Authors: Xiang Alvin Tan Chuan , Li Rui , Zhang Fuhao , Dai Lei , Ullah Nisar , Lu Yixin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA sequential phosphine‐catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] annulation of aldimines with allenoates and oxidative central‐to‐axial chirality transfer strategy has been developed. This approach is operationally simple, allowing for rapid access to a range of axially chiral CF3‐containing 2‐arylpyrroles with high enantiomeric excess. Furthermore, an atroposelective synthesis of esaxerenone is presented, illustrating the practical potential of the reported method.
A Sonication‐Activated Valence‐Variable Sono‐Sensitizer/Catalyst for Autography Inhibition/Ferroptosis‐Induced Tumor Nanotherapy
Authors: Feng Wei , Liu Zhonglong , Xia Lili , Chen Meng , Dai Xinyue , Huang Hui , Dong Caihong , He Yue , Chen Yu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe effective deployment of reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐mediated oncotherapy in practice remains challenging, mired by uncontrollable catalytic processes, stern reaction conditions and safety concerns. Herein, we develop a copper nanodot integrating sonodynamic and catalytic effects within one active center, which responds to exogenous ultrasound (US) and endogenous H2O2 stimuli. US irradiation induces the valence conversion from CuII to CuI catalyzing H2O2 into ⋅OH for chemodynamic therapy. Meanwhile, valence transformation results in electron‐hole pairs separation, promoting ROS generation for sonodynamic therapy. Notably, copper nanodots not only block lysosome fusion and degradation leading to autophagy flux blockage, but also interfere with the glutathione peroxidase 4 and cystine‐glutamate antiporter SLC7A11 function achieving ferroptosis. Furthermore, reversible valence changes, inherent hydrophilicity and renal clearance ultrasmall size guarantee biosafety.
Expanded Sequence Space of Radical S‐Adenosylmethionine‐Dependent Enzymes Involved in Post‐translational Macrocyclization**
Authors: He Bei‐Bei , Cheng Zhuo , Zhong Zheng , Gao Ying , Liu Hongyan , Li Yong‐Xin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRibosomally synthesized and post‐translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) represent one of the largest but primarily underexplored natural product families in bacteria. The genetically encoded nature of RiPPs simplifies the prediction and prioritization of their biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). We report a small peptide and enzyme co‐occurrence analysis workflow (SPECO), which allowed us to identify 32 220 prospective rSAM‐catalyzed RiPP BGCs from 161 954 bacterial genomes and prioritize 25 families with new biosynthetic architectures or precursor patterns. We characterized three new enzymes that respectively catalyze cysteine‐glycine (BlaB), histidine‐aliphatic side chain (ScaB), and tyrosine/histidine‐arginine (VguB) cross‐links. The cyclophane‐forming enzyme ScaB exhibits broad substrate selectivity, allowing it to catalyze diverse triceptide formation. These results demonstrate the strength of the SPECO workflow in discovering new enzymes for peptide macrocyclization.
Asymmetrically Substituted 10H,10′H‐9,9′‐Spirobi[acridine] Derivatives as Hole‐Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Xia Jianxing , Zhang Yi , Cavazzini Marco , Orlandi Simonetta , Ding Bin , Kanda Hiroyuki , Klipfel Nadja , Gao Xiao‐Xin , Ul Ain Qurat , Jankauskas Vygintas , Rakstys Kasparas , Hu Ruiyuan , Qiu Zeliang , Asiri Abdullah M. , Kim Hobeom , Dyson Paul J. , Pozzi Gianluca , Khaja Nazeeruddin Mohammad 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHole‐transporting materials (HTMs) based on the 10H, 10′H‐9,9′‐spirobi [acridine] core (BSA50andBSA51) were synthesized, and their electronic properties were explored. Experimental and theoretical studies show that the presence of rigid 3,6‐dimethoxy‐9H‐carbazole moieties inBSA 50brings about improved hole mobility and higher work function compared to bis(4‐methoxyphenyl)amine units inBSA51, which increase interfacial hole transportation from perovskite to HTM. As a result, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based onBSA50boost power conversion efficiency (PCE) to 22.65 %, and a PSC module usingBSA50HTM exhibits a PCE of 21.35 % (6.5×7 cm) with aVocof 8.761 V and FF of 79.1 %. The unencapsulated PSCs exhibit superior stability to devices employing spiro‐OMeTAD, retaining nearly 90 % of their initial efficiency after 1000 h operation output. This work demonstrates the high potential of molecularly engineered spirobi[acridine] derivatives as HTMs as replacements for spiro‐OMeTAD.