bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated large‐frequency‐ratio dual‐band tapered slot with monopole antenna for 4G/5G/B5G
Authors: Sultan Kamel , Ikram Muhammad , Nguyen‐Trong Nghia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWith the advanced communications systems, the integration of 5G bands, including sub‐6‐GHz and millimeter‐wave (mm‐wave) bands with the existing lower bands of 3G/4G has become an essential need for the future mobile handsets. This article proposes an integration between a large‐frequency‐ratio dual‐band tapered slot antenna with a multisection meander monopole antenna on a handset board. The tapered slot Vivaldi antenna (TSVA) functions as a resonant open‐ended slot at low frequencies (sub‐6 GHz) while also acting as a high‐gain Vivaldi antenna at higher frequencies (mm‐wave 28 GHz). The modification of the slot geometry, that is, generating multisections within the slot, is shown to improve the impedance bandwidth. Furthermore, the meander‐line monopole antenna covers the bands of the existing mobile generation (3G/4G) at 0.8, 1.8, 2.1, and 2.3 GHz. Most importantly, the compact size of the proposed antenna is realized by utilizing the side wall of a mobile board.
A wideband accurate compact 6‐bit phase shifter in 0.15‐μm GaAs technology
Authors: Zeng Jialong , Xie Chunshuang , Zhang Desheng , Feng Jie , Tan Cheng , Yu Zhongjun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA Ku wideband accurate compact 6‐bit digital phase shifter is designed in this letter using three different switched phase shift structures: the switched L/C structure, T‐type structure, and high‐pass/low‐pass network. To improve the bandwidth and the gain flatness, an improved switched L/C structure is used and the systematic cascade sequence of the phase shifter is optimized. The improved switched L/C structure solves the problem that conventional L/C networks are hypersensitive to the coupling capacitance at high‐frequency input. As a result, the improved L/C structure can achieve wideband and better s‐parameters. The proposed 6‐bit switched phase shifter is implemented in 0.15‐μm GaAs pHEMT process. The measured root‐mean‐square (rms) phase error is less than 2.8° at 12–18 GHz, and the average insertion loss (IL) is 6.5–6.9 dB. The chip size of the proposed 6‐bit digital phase shifter is 3.1 × 1 mm2, including all RF and dc pads, which is very suitable for radar systems.
Layout and optimization of LED light source for indoor visible light communication
Authors: Pei Hexiu , Jing Lei , Tong Zhengrong , Ma Ming , Cui Xi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel polygonal layout based on rectangular plane stereo space. The illumination and signal‐to‐noise ratio of polygonal layout and circular layout is simulated in a 5 m × 4 m × 3 m room; The simulation results show that: compared with the illuminance uniformity of the circular layout of 0.67, the illuminance uniformity of the polygonal layout reaches 0.81, which is improved by 20.90%. The position and power of the polygonal layout are further optimized respectively by particle swarm optimization (PSO), and the illuminance uniformity and signal‐to‐noise ratio quality factors (Q) of the polygonal layout can be increased from 0.81 and 19.31 to 0.88 and 37.38 after optimization, respectively. The illuminance uniformity increased by 8.64%, and the Q increased by 93.58%. The experimental system of polygonal layout optimized by PSO is built, by comparing the simulation and experimental results, the average illuminance error of the simulation and experiment is 10.58%, the illuminance uniformity error is 5.68%, and the illuminance distribution trend is consistent.
A phase‐field model for quasi‐dynamic nucleation, growth, and propagation of rate‐and‐state faults
Authors: Fei Fan , Mia Md Shumon , Elbanna Ahmed E. , Choo Jinhyun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDespite its critical role in the study of earthquake processes, numerical simulation of the entire stages of fault rupture remains a formidable task. The main challenges in simulating a fault rupture process include the complex evolution of fault geometry, frictional contact, and off‐fault damage over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Here, we develop a phase‐field model for quasi‐dynamic fault nucleation, growth, and propagation, which features two standout advantages: (i) it does not require any sophisticated algorithms to represent fault geometry and its evolution; and (ii) it allows for modeling fault nucleation, propagation, and off‐fault damage processes with a single formulation. Built on a recently developed phase‐field framework for shear fractures with frictional contact, the proposed formulation incorporates rate‐ and state‐dependent friction, radiation damping, and their impacts on fault mechanics and off‐fault damage. We show that the numerical results of the phase‐field model are consistent with those obtained from well‐verified approaches that model the fault as a surface of discontinuity, without suffering from the mesh convergence issue in the existing continuous approaches to fault rupture (e.g., the stress glut method). Further, through numerical examples of fault propagation in various settings, we demonstrate that the phase‐field approach may open new opportunities for investigating complex earthquake processes that have remained overly challenging for the existing numerical methods.
Tier‐based formalism for safety assessment of custom‐built radio‐frequency transmit coils
Authors: Steensma Bart Romke , Sadeghi‐Tarakameh Alireza , Meliadò Ettore Flavio , van den Berg Cornelis A. T. , Klomp Dennis W. J. , Luijten Peter R. , Metzger Gregory J. , Eryaman Yigitcan , Raaijmakers Alexander J. E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this work is to propose a tier‐based formalism for safety assessment of custom‐built radio‐frequency (RF) coils that balances validation effort with the effort put in determinating the safety factor. The formalism has three tier levels. Higher tiers require increased effort when validating electromagnetic simulation results but allow for less conservative safety factors. In addition, we propose a new method to calculate modeling uncertainty between simulations and measurements and a new method to propagate uncertainties in the simulation into a safety factor that minimizes the risk of underestimating the peak specific absorption rate (SAR). The new safety assessment procedure was completed for all tier levels for an eight‐channel dipole array for prostate imaging at 7 T and an eight‐channel dipole array for head imaging at 10.5 T, using data from two different research sites. For the 7 T body array, the validation procedure resulted in a modeling uncertainty of 77% between measured and simulated local SAR distributions. For a situation where RF shimming is performed on the prostate, average power limits of 2.4 and 4.5 W/channel were found for tiers 2 and 3, respectively. When the worst‐case peak SAR among all phase settings was calculated, power limits of 1.4 and 2.7 W/channel were found for tiers 2 and 3, respectively. For the 10.5 T head array, a modeling uncertainty of 21% was found based on B1+ mapping. For the tier 2 validation, a power limit of 2.6 W/channel was calculated. The demonstrated tier system provides a strategy for evaluating modeling inaccuracy, allowing for the rapid translation of novel coil designs with conservative safety factors and the implementation of less conservative safety factors for frequently used coil arrays at the expense of increased validation effort.
Registered Nurses' perspective of systemic factors affecting nursing home care quality decline: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Park Yunhee , Min Deulle 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimA growing number of older people are living in nursing homes worldwide, but their safety and quality of care are not guaranteed. This study explores registered nurses' (RNs) perspectives on systemic factors affecting the quality of care and safety decline of nursing home.DesignQualitative descriptive study.MethodsIn this study, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 10 RNs working in six nursing homes, who were chosen through purposive sampling. Data were collected from 1 August–19 September 2019, and analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThe following five themes were derived: lack of sufficient number of RNs, poor work conditions, unclear job descriptions for RNs, no official position of nursing director and absence of transition care system.Patient or Public ContributionAll reports of RNs affecting resident safety and quality of care decline were related to systemic factors. Therefore, improving quality of care in nursing homes should be supported by changes in systemic factors, such as maintaining an appropriate number of RNs and improving their working conditions.
Effect of the subsidiary materials of the manufacturing process on the microstructure of the composite laminate
Authors: Kim Dong‐Chul , Choi Jeoung Sik , Shin Hyo‐Soon , Jung InKyun , Heo Young Woo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractComposite specimens with resin contents of 33.5%, 35.4%, and 35.9%, respectively, were manufactured by controlling the type of subsidiary material used in the bagging process for a composite material having the same composition. The effect of controlling the resin content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of composite specimens was investigated. The flow of resin and air during the cure process was inferred and explained by connecting it with the microstructure. Specifically, the behavior of the resin determined the thickness, density, and void of the composite laminate, which acted as a factor causing the difference in mechanical properties of the composite materials. As the resin content increased, there was no significant difference in tensile strength, but Young's modulus decreased. In the case of the compression test, there was a difference in mechanical properties due to the combined effect of the reinforcement and the resin. The maximum compressive strength value was shown in the process with low void content, and Young's modulus tended to decrease as the resin content increased. In the bagging process, the subsidiary material controlled the flow of resin and air, and caused a difference in microstructure, affecting the change of mechanical properties.
A systematic review of direct acting antiviral therapies in hepatitis C virus‐negative liver transplant recipients of hepatitis C‐viremic donors
Authors: Snyder Heather S. , Wiegel Joshua J. , Khalil Karen , Summers Bryant B. , Tan Teresa , Jonchhe Srijana , Kaiser Tiffany E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe introduction of safe and highly effective direct acting antivirals (DAAs) has significantly improved hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment outcomes after transplant. The solid organ transplant community has sought to identify strategies aimed at increasing the donor pool including the utilization of HCV‐viremic organs in HCV‐negative recipients. We will review the existing literature to evaluate DAA use for the treatment of HCV viremia post‐liver transplant in patients who receive HCV‐viremic allografts. A PubMed search was conducted and references for each study were also reviewed to identify additional articles. Randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case series, and case reports were included if: published in English language, evaluated DAA treatment outcomes after liver only or simultaneous liver‐kidney transplantation with HCV‐viremic allografts in HCV‐negative recipients, and had full‐text article availability. Our review included 16 studies and 2 case reports. The majority of liver transplant recipients were treated with a pangenotypic DAA for 12 weeks with a heterogeneous median time to initiation (range 1.7–118 days). Sustained virologic response was assessed in 253 liver transplant patients with 99.6% achieving cure with minimal DAA‐attributed adverse drug events. There were 23 reported episodes of rejection, 12 deaths, and 1 graft loss among all studies. Treatment with DAA after transplantation of HCV‐viremic livers into HCV‐negative recipients appears to be safe and effective; however, long‐term outcomes remain unknown. Transplant pharmacists play a key role in the development of center‐specific protocols to optimize post‐transplant outcomes in this unique patient population.
Desensitization of CL‐20/HMX Co‐Crystal by Functionalized Graphene Oxide
Authors: Huang Qi , Song Yulan , Guo Zhicheng , Zhang Jinhao , Jin Bo , Guo Ya , Peng Rufang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInterface interaction has always been considered a major challenge in the field of desensitization. Co‐crystal explosives can balance the properties of energetic materials, but their limited desensitization effect limits their further practical applications. Based on this, we proposed the desensitization of CL‐20/HMX co‐crystal by three functionalized graphene oxide (NH2‐GO, Am‐GO and M550‐GO). The sensitivity results indicate that the M550‐GO has the best desensitization. To further explore the reasons for the better desensitization effect of M550, molecular dynamics was used to simulate the binding energy and mechanical properties of different systems. The results showed that the electrostatic interaction between functionalized graphene oxide and CL‐20/HMX co‐crystal can enhance the interfacial interaction more than van der Waals force. In a word, this work provides new ideas and insights for enhancing the interface interaction of coating materials and popularizing the practical application of co‐crystal explosives.
Pharmacokinetics, safety of a single dose and multiple doses of voriconazole injection of two formulations, in Chinese healthy volunteers
Authors: Huang Chunqi , Wang Yannan , Wu Yi , Lin Sisi , Hao Rui , Yu Jin , Fang Lu , Zhu Jingjing , Zhao Di , Tong Shengjia , Si Yongkai , Ye Tiantian , Wu Zeyu , Huang Hui , Wang Zhuoyan , Wang Ying 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVoriconazole is a first‐line medicine for treating invasive fungal infections. We evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of single/multiple doses of voriconazole injection of Hailing Pharmaceutical Group (Test, T), an imitation of Vfend® (Reference, R). Healthy subjects (n = 36) randomly received a once‐daily dose of T or R 3 or 4 mg/kg on Day 1 (single dose), a once‐daily dose of T or R 6 mg/kg on Day 4, and then six consecutive days for twice‐daily doses of T or R 3 or 4 mg/kg (multiple doses). The plasma was collected up to 72 h at time points after dosing on Day 1/10. Samples were measured by the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method. PK parameters were confirmed according to a non‐compartmental model. The relationship between the PK profiles of T and R revealed the different behavior in 3‐ and 4‐mg/kg groups. After single/multiple doses in the 3‐mg/kg group, the mean value for the area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC0−t, AUC0−∞) of R is about twice T. However, there was a high degree of similarity in the 4‐mg/kg group. The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of T and R showed no noticeable difference in the two groups. The median Tmax of T and R were within 2.0–2.13 h in the 3‐mg/kg group and 2.0–2.17 h in the 4‐mg/kg group. Severe adverse events did not occur. No clinically significant differences were found in safety and tolerance between T and R. This clinical study indicated that voriconazole injection might provide a safer alternative medicine.
The dynamics of dry and wet monsoon MCS formation over West Africa: Case assessment of February 13, 2018 and June 18, 2018
Authors: Osei Marian Amoakowaah , Padi Michael , Yahaya Bashiru , Baidu Michael , Quansah Emmanuel , Aryee Jeffrey N. A. , Yamba Edmund I. , Owusu‐Ansah Samuel , Amekudzi Leonard K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe increasing complexity of West African mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) has signified the need for consistent studies of their evolution. Currently, most studies have focused on wet‐season MCS dynamics, but studies of dry‐season storms are equally important to enhance their predictability. Here, two severe thunderstorm case studies in the dry (February 13, 2018) and wet (June 18, 2018) seasons were probed to understand their synoptics, cloud properties, thermodynamic anomalies, and kinematic environments. Storm cloud properties were analysed using the cloud‐top temperature (CTT), cloud‐top height (CTH), cloud water path (CWP), and cloud optical thickness (COT) from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer. Storm kinematics was analysed through the low‐ and mid‐level wind shear and corresponding microburst activities. Finally, the Weather Research and Forecasting model was used to simulate the vertical motion during the storms. The results showed that both storms initiated in anomalous conditions of convective available potential energy and convection inhibition, mean sea‐level pressure, and sea‐surface temperature. The development and merging of the Malian and Niger lows were pivotal in attracting moisture to feed and sustain the June storm. In addition, the formation of a surface–mid‐level moist cyclonic vortex stagnated the June storm, allowing for continual moisture uplift for storm intensification and longevity. Enhanced microburst activities on June 17 were a possible trigger of night‐time convective storm initiation, whereas strong surface to mid‐level wind shear increased storm longevity. Both storms showed high CWP, COT, CTH, and colder CTT during evolution. The synoptic mechanism for the February 13 storm differed from the midlatitudinal trough interactions with the Inter‐Tropical Discontinuity, due to an anomalous extension of the Azores High over North Africa. The dynamics of these storms enhance understanding of MCS evolution over West Africa and have implications for the region's weather forecasting.
Large Spin Hall Conductivity in Epitaxial Thin Films of Kagome Antiferromagnet Mn3Sn at Room Temperature
Authors: Bangar Himanshu , Khan Kacho Imtiyaz Ali , Kumar Akash , Chowdhury Niru , Muduli Prasanta Kumar , Muduli Pranaba Kishor 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMn3Sn is a non‐collinear antiferromagnetic quantum material that exhibits a magnetic Weyl semimetallic state and has great potential for efficient memory devices. High‐quality epitaxial c‐plane Mn3Sn thin films have been grown on a sapphire substrate using a Ru seed layer. Using spin pumping induced inverse spin Hall effect measurements on c‐plane epitaxial Mn3Sn/Ni80Fe20, spin‐diffusion length (), and spin Hall conductivity (σSH) of Mn3Sn thin films are measured: nm and cm−1. While is consistent with earlier studies, σSH is an order of magnitude higher and of the opposite sign. The behavior is explained on the basis of excess Mn, which shifts the Fermi level in these films, leading to the observed behavior. These findings demonstrate a technique for engineering σSH of Mn3Sn films by employing Mn composition for functional spintronic devices.
Distributed fuzzy adaptive event‐triggered finite‐time consensus tracking control for uncertain nonlinear multi‐agent systems with asymmetric output constraint
Authors: Huang Yunchang , Yue Xia , Wang Jianhui , Ma Kemao , Huang Zheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article investigates the consensus problem for uncertain nonlinear multi‐agent systems (MASs) with asymmetric output constraint. Different from BLF‐based constraint consensus tracking control, a novel approach based on nonlinear state‐dependent function is proposed to solve the asymmetric output constraint, which need not convert output constraint into tracking error bound. First‐order sliding mode differentiator is incorporated into each step of backstepping control design to reduce computation burden. Further, in combination of proposed event‐triggered mechanism based on time‐varying threshold, a distributed fuzzy adaptive event‐triggered finite‐time consensus method is developed. It can ensure that the consensus tracking error tends to a small neighbor in a finite time and the asymmetric output constraint of each subsystem is not violated. Two simulations are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of control method.
A Convenient Synthesis of Core‐shell ZSM‐5@MoO3 Catalyst for Enhanced Catalytic Properties in Methane Aromatization
Authors: Xu Guohao , Zhu Jiale , Zhu Xuedong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA novel core‐shell ZSM‐5@MoO3 catalyst was successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal coating strategy, and its physicochemical properties and catalytic properties in methane aromatization were investigated using a physically‐blended ZSM‐5/MoO3 catalyst as a comparison. Multitechniques including XRD, SEM, TEM, EDS, N2 adsorption, ICP, IR and IG were employed to investigate the characteristics of methane aromatization reaction and the deactivation of carbon deposits. At the reaction temperature of 700 °C and a space velocity of 2400 mL g−1  h−1, methane conversion and aromatics selectivity of the core‐shell ZSM‐5@MoO3 catalyst were 11.3 % and 88.1 %, respectively, which were higher than those of the physically‐blended ZSM‐5/MoO3 catalyst by 3.1 % and 14.8 %, respectively. The special reaction pathway of core (ZSM‐5, acid sites)‐shell (MoO3, Mo sites) and the relatively close proximity between MoO3 and ZSM‐5 were mainly responsible for the excellent properties in the methane aromatization reaction. At the same time, the formation of the micro‐mesoporous property accelerated the mass‐transfer rate and inhibited the formation of carbonaceous deposition, greatly improving the stability of methane aromatization. Thanks to its core‐shell structure, ZSM‐5@MoO3 catalyst showed the excellent properties in methane aromatization.
Controlled Synthesis of a Hierarchically Porous N‐Doped Carbon Material with Dominantly Pyrrolic Nitrogen Using a Self‐Sacrificial SBA‐15 Template for Increased Supercapacitance
Authors: Wang Junyan , Li Xinta , Wang Xinyu , Zhang Yu , Zhang Bosen , Xing Zhankun , Li Xueai , Tian Kesong , Wang Haiyan , Guo Wanchun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHerein, we report an effective strategy to synthesise a hierarchically porous pyrrolic nitrogen‐dominated doped carbon material (N‐doped carbon material) by the low‐temperature carbonisation and post‐KOH activation of a 3‐fluorophenol‐3‐aminophenol‐formaldehyde co‐condensed resin using a self‐sacrificial SBA‐15 template. Low‐temperature thermal treatment successfully prevented the transformation of the thermally unstable and pseudocapacitance‐active pyrrolic nitrogen to pseudocapacitance‐inactive graphitic nitrogen configurations. Additionally, the combined effect of the self‐sacrificial SBA‐15 template and KOH activation resulted in a high specific surface area of 582 m2 g−1 and hierarchical microporous/mesoporous architecture, thereby maximising the exposure of electrochemically active sites. The N‐doped carbon material exhibited an outstanding specific capacitance of 532.8 F g−1 (electrochemical double‐layer capacitance of 331.2 F g−1 and faradaic pseudocapacitance of 201.6 F g−1) at a scan rate of 1 mV s−1 and stability with the retention of nearly 100 % at a current density of 10 A g−1 after 10000 cycles.