bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative and Postoperative Factors Affecting Functional Success in Anatomically Successful Retinal Detachment Surgery
Authors: Guner Mehmet Eren , Guner Melis Kabaalioglu , Cebeci Zafer , Kır Nur 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate preoperative and postoperative factors affecting functional success in anatomically successful retinal detachment surgery.
Methods
75 eyes of 75 patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) who underwent anatomically successful surgery, from 2014 to 2019 with more than one year follow up were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, ocular examination findings, preoperative and postoperative Spectral Domain Optic Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) images were retrospectively evaluated.
Results
The mean age was 53.9 ± 17 (range: 11–85). The mean follow-up period was 36.7 ± 16 (range: 14–72) months. The mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the patients before surgery was 1.35 ± 1.24, and at postoperative 12 months was 0.66 ± 0.5 logMAR. Patients who were operated in 7 days of visual symptoms onset were found to have better visual acuity at the first and subsequent postoperative exams. Preoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), vitreous hemorrhage (VH) and extent of retinal detachment were found to have a negative effect on functional success at 12 months. Regeneration of the outer retinal layers had a positive effect on visual acuity at 12 months but did not significantly increase visual acuity after 12 months. Multivariate analysis showed that preoperative external limiting membrane (ELM) integrity was significantly associated with better functional outcomes.
Conclusion
Early intervention, presence of preoperative ELM integrity and restoration of postoperative outer retinal layers positively affected functional success. The presence of preoperative VH, PVR and the extent of retinal detachment had a negative effect on prognosis at 12 months.
Multi-class differentiation feature representation guided joint dictionary learning for facial expression recognition
Authors: Sun Zhe , Bai Jiatong , Zhang Hehao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

The limitation of the small-scale expression samples generally causes the performance degradation for facial expression recognition-based methods. Also, the correlation between different expression is always ignored when performing feature extraction process. Given above, we propose a novel approach that develops multi-class differentiation feature representation guided joint dictionary learning for FER. The proposed approach mainly includes two steps: firstly, we construct multi-class differentiation feature dictionaries corresponding to different expressions of training samples, aiming to enlarge inter-expression distance to mitigate the problem of nonlinear distribution in training samples. Secondly, we joint learn the multiple feature dictionaries by optimizing the resolutions of each feature dictionary, aiming to establish the strong relationship and enhance the representation ability among multiple feature dictionaries. To sum up, the proposed approach has more discriminative ability from the representation perspective. Comprehensive experiments carried out using three public datasets, including JAFFE, CK+, and KDEF datasets, demonstrate that the proposed approach has strong performance for small-scale samples compared to several state-of-the-art methods.
Identification and prediction algorithm of water-gushing sources in adjacent limestone aquifer driven by data model: with strontium isotope as constraint
Authors: Wu Dun , Wei Chao , GAO Xia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Water gushing in mines is one of the most threatening geological disasters in the process of coal mine production, so the key to prevent water gushing disaster in mines is to quickly and effectively identify the water-gushing sources (WGS). In view of the problem that it is difficult to effectively identify the WGS from adjacent limestone aquifer by conventional technical approaches, the Group A coal seams in Panji-2 coal mine, a typical coal mine in Huainan coalfield, was selected as the object of investigation in this study. A total of 60 water samples from two adjacent aquifers (Taiyuan formation limestone aquifer and Ordovician dolomitic-limestone aquifer) were systematically collected by using underground hydrological long-distance observation hole. On the basis of analyzing the hydro-chemical properties of the water samples, the hydrochemistry types of each aquifer were obtained. The results indicate that there is a certain hydraulic connection between Taiyuan formation limestone water (TLW) and Ordovician limestone water (OLW). In order to characterize and trace the similarities and differences between the two types of water sources, the concentration of strontium (γSr2+) and its isotope value (87Sr/86Sr, δ87Sr) were first determined, and it was found that γSr2+ had a significant discrimination between the two types of water sources, and accounted for the major contribution rate in the results of principal component analysis (PCA). Therefore, in conjunction to PCA, four identification models of WGS based on strontium isotope were established successively (Fisher discrimination analysis model (δ87Sr-F model), Distance discrimination analysis model (δ87Sr-D model), BP neural network analysis model (δ87Sr-B model) and Grey relational analysis model (δ87Sr-G model)). First, the stability and reliability of four models were trained according to the data of 40 water samples, and then the trained model was used to identify the source of the remaining 20 water samples. From the results, the δ87Sr-B model has the best discrimination effect, and its accuracy rate reaches 95%. In the actual production process of Panji-2 coal mine in the future, it is suggested to adopt the δ87Sr-B model to carry out the theoretical model of WGS identification of Group A coal seams floor, which provides a guarantee for coal mine safety production.
Recent cooling in the lower Pacific Ocean based on dynamically-consistent ocean syntheses
Authors: Liao Fanglou , Zhan Peng , Wang Xiao Hua , Liu Zhiqiang , Hoteit Ibrahim 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The thermal state from 1993–2017 in the lower Pacific Ocean (below 2 km) was investigated using two dynamically-consistent syntheses. We show a robust and bottom-intensified cooling. This Pacific cooling is mainly determined by the meridional heat exchange with the Southern Ocean and the vertical heat advection. The abyssal Pacific Ocean loses heat by way of westward heat advection in the northwest ocean. Mixing is found to play a negligible role. This study is to some extent consistent with a recent study that presented a deep Pacific cooling as an adjustment to the last Little Ice Age. However, it contradicts with most recent studies, which argued the abyssal Pacific Ocean was warming over the recent two decades. Our study suggests that special caution is needed when auditing variations in the deep ocean and more work is in need for a better understanding of the deep ocean state.
Characterization of vandenbrandeite: A potential alteration product of spent nuclear fuel
Authors: Frankland Victoria L. , Milodowski Antoni E. , Lawrence Robert A. , Sacchi Marco , Read David 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe use of copper canisters in the Swedish KBS-3 concept for spent nuclear fuel disposal could result in the formation of copper-bearing uranyl phases should a canister suffer from defects or if the containment were to fail before reducing conditions are established in the repository. Most uranyl species would be expected to display higher solubility than the original uranium(IV) dioxide fuel, leading to enhanced release, though this would depend on the phase and prevailing groundwater conditions. Secondary alteration products may also be poorly crystalline or even amorphous, making characterization difficult during the pre-closure period owing to the high radiation field close to the canister. Vandenbrandeite, [CuUO2(OH)4], is a rare mineral in nature but known to form by alteration of primary uraninite through interaction with oxidizing groundwater containing dissolved copper. Consequently, an attempt has been made to characterize two vandenbrandeite specimens of varying crystallinity by luminescence and multiple-laser Raman spectroscopy; techniques amenable to remote, robotic deployment and which have proved useful in discriminating other uranyl oxy-hydroxides, silicates, and phosphates. The first reported luminescence emission and excitation spectra for vandenbrandeite revealed near-negligible luminescence, with a slightly enhanced signal for the specimen displaying poorer crystallinity. This observation agrees well with density functional theory calculations. The simulated projected density of state and band structure show an unlikely transition from the U f-orbitals to Cu d-orbitals, or O states, would be required for luminescence to be detectable; this probably improves for poorly crystalline specimens as the spatial overlap between the orbitals increases. Furthermore, negligible differences in the number of peaks and peak positions were detected in the laser wavelength-dependent Raman spectra although again, variation in background noise and peak shape was observed based on the degree of crystallinity. Good agreement was obtained between experimental and simulated Raman spectra, particularly with the environmentally sensitive axial uranyl stretching modes, validating the crystal system derived in this study. The findings of this study suggest luminescence spectroscopy, when combined with Raman spectroscopy, may be able to both identify vandenbrandeite and distinguish between crystalline and amorphous forms based on their relative luminescence intensity.
Characterizing the groundwater storage–discharge relationship of small catchments in China
Authors: Yan Hong , Hu Hongchang , Liu Yaping , Tudaji Mahmut , Yang Ting , Wei Zhongwang , Chen Lajiao , Khan Mohd Yawar Ali , Chen Zhenghao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Baseflow recession is an essential part of the hydrological cycle, as it transfers unconfined aquifer storage to runoff. This study derived the parameterization of the baseflow recession from recession curves extracted from 382 catchments in China. The recession parameters of recession curves in power-law form, which control the shape of the curves and reflect the net effects of hillslope on the runoff decline process, are estimated by the baseflow recession analysis. The results show that the ranges of recession coefficient α and recession exponent β across China are 0–0.70 and 0.57–3, respectively. Most of the α values range between 0 and 0.20, and most of the β values range between 1 and 2. Generally, the α values of relatively dry catchments are higher than that of the wet catchments, and the distribution pattern of β values is opposite to that of α values. Statistical analysis is used to construct parametric equations for the recession parameters, indicating that catchment area, field capacity, etc., are essential for predicting α and β. In addition, the transplantation results of parametric equations show that equations can be applied to the estimation of α and β in other catchments. The results provide data support for storage estimation of data-scarce catchments.
Modeling the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater or sludge and COVID-19 cases in three New England regions
Authors: Anneser Elyssa , Riseberg Emily , Brooks Yolanda M. , Corlin Laura , Stringer Christina 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: We aimed to compare statistical techniques estimating the association between SARS-CoV-2 RNA in untreated wastewater and sludge and reported coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases. Methods: SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations (copies/mL) were measured from 24-h composite samples of wastewater in Massachusetts (MA) (daily; 8/19/2020–1/19/2021) and Maine (ME) (weekly; 9/1/2020–3/2/2021) and sludge samples in Connecticut (CT) (daily; 3/1/2020–6/1/2020). We fit linear, generalized additive with a cubic regression spline (GAM), Poisson, and negative binomial models to estimate the association between SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentration and reported COVID-19 cases. Results: The models that fit the data best were linear [adjusted R2=0.85 (MA), 0.16 (CT), 0.63 (ME); root-mean-square error (RMSE)=0.41 (MA), 1.14 (CT), 0.99 (ME)), GAM (adjusted R2=0.86 (MA), 0.16 (CT) 0.65 (ME); RMSE=0.39 (MA), 1.14 (CT), 0.97 (ME)], and Poisson [pseudo R2=0.84 (MA), 0.21 (CT), 0.52 (ME); RMSE=0.39 (MA), 0.67 (CT), 0.79 (ME)]. Conclusions: Linear, GAM, and Poisson models outperformed negative binomial models when relating SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater or sludge to reported COVID-19 cases.
The pH of bottled water commercially available in Australia and its implications for oral health
Authors: Schmidt Jeremiah , Huang Boyen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
With a higher pH level and being unlikely to erode the tooth, bottled water has been considered a safe alternative to acidic beverages. However, recent studies have reported some bottled water products in different countries to be acidic. The present paper aimed to examine the pH values of 42 bottled waters commercially available in Australia, using a pH meter and probe, and classify their risks to cause erosive tooth wear in comparison with the critical pH of enamel and dentine. Of the 42 bottled water samples collected, 81.0 and 73.8% were considered erosive to tooth dentine and enamel, respectively. Flavoured waters were the most acidic, followed by sparkling waters, spring waters, artesian waters, mineral waters, and alkaline waters. All sparkling waters and flavoured waters showed an erosive risk to the enamel and dentine. A portion of spring waters and artesian waters was also acidic enough to erode tooth structures. The findings of this work were of concern given the risk of sustaining erosive tooth wear from consuming bottled waters. Health promotion strategies including public awareness and education on oral health consequences related to the consumption of bottled water are needed. Future epidemiological and in vivo investigations are also warranted.
Role of Indole Derivatives in Agrochemistry: Synthesis and Future Insights
Authors: Rani Manisha , Utreja Divya , Sharma Shivali 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Heterocycles constitute a wider class of organic compounds which contribute significantly
to every facet of pure and applied chemistry. Indole, one of the bicyclic heterocyclic
compounds containing nitrogen atom, witnessed unparalleled biological activity such as
antiviral, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-depressant and antifungal activities. Different
biological activities exhibited by indole derivatives provide the impulsion to explore its
activity against anti-phytopathogenic microbes to save the plants from pests and disease, as
food security will once again become a rigid demand. This review mainly focuses on various
methods related to the synthesis of indole derivatives and its role in agriculture.
Reviewed and updated Algorithm for Genetic Characterization of Syndromic
Obesity Phenotypes
Authors: Rodríguez-López Raquel , Gimeno-Ferrer Fátima , do Santos David Albuquerque , Ferrer-Bolufer Irene , Luján Carola Guzmán , Alcalá Otilia Zomeño , García-Banacloy Amor , Ballesteros Cogollos Virginia , Juan Carlos Sánchez 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Individuals with a phenotype of early-onset severe obesity associated with
intellectual disability can have molecular diagnoses ranging from monogenic to complex genetic
traits. Severe overweight is the major sign of a syndromic physical appearance and predicting the influence
of a single gene and/or polygenic risk profile is extremely complicated among the majority of
the cases. At present, considering rare monogenic bases as the principal etiology for the majority of
obesity cases associated with intellectual disability is scientifically poor. The diversity of the molecular
bases responsible for the two entities makes the appliance of the current routinely powerful genomics
diagnostic tools essential.

Objective:
Clinical investigation of these difficult-to-diagnose patients requires pediatricians and neurologists
to use optimized descriptions of signs and symptoms to improve genotype correlations.

Methods:
The use of modern integrated bioinformatics strategies which are conducted by experienced
multidisciplinary clinical teams. Evaluation of the phenotype of the patient’s family is also of importance.

Results:
The next step involves discarding the monogenic canonical obesity syndromes and considering
infrequent unique molecular cases, and/or then polygenic bases. Adequate management of the application
of the new technique and its diagnostic phases is essential for achieving good cost/efficiency
balances.

Conclusion:
With the current clinical management, it is necessary to consider the potential coincidence
of risk mutations for obesity in patients with genetic alterations that induce intellectual disability.
In this review, we describe an updated algorithm for the molecular characterization and diagnosis
of patients with a syndromic obesity phenotype.
Macrophage-Mediated Delivery of Fe3O4-Nanoparticles: A Generalized Strategy to Deliver Iron to Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Shi Hongcan , Wu Cong , Zhang Guozhong , Wang Zhihao 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Iron is used to alter macrophage phenotypes and induce tumor cell death. Iron
oxide nanoparticles can induce macrophage polarization into the M1 phenotype, which inhibits tumor
growth and can dissociate into iron ions in macrophages.

Objective:
In this study, we proposed to construct high expression of Ferroportin1 macrophages as carriers
to deliver Fe3O4-nanoparticles and iron directly to tumor sites.

Methods:
Three sizes of Fe3O4-nanoparticles with gradient concentrations were used. The migration
ability of iron-carrying macrophages was confirmed by an in vitro migration experiment and monocyte
chemoattractant protein-1 detection. The release of iron from macrophages was confirmed by determining
their levels in the cell culture supernatant, and we constructed a high expression of ferroportin strain
of macrophage lines to increase intracellular iron efflux by increasing membrane transferrin expression.
Fe3O4-NPs in Ana-1 cells were degraded in lysosomes, and the amount of iron released was correlated
with the expression of ferroportin1.

Results:
After Fe3O4-nanoparticles uptake by macrophages, not only polarized macrophages into M1
phenotype, but the nanoparticles also dissolved in the lysosome and iron were released out of the cell.
FPN1 is the only known Fe transporter; we use a Lentiviral vector carrying the FPN1 gene transfected
into macrophages, has successfully constructed Ana-1-FPN1 cells, and maintains high expression of
FPN1. Ana-1-FPN1 cells increase intracellular iron release. Fe3O4-nanoparticles loaded with engineered
Ana-1 macrophages can act as a “reservoir” of iron.

Conclusion:
Our study provides proof of strategy for Fe3O4-NPs target delivery to the tumor
microenvironment. Moreover, increase of intracellular iron efflux by overexpression of FPN1, cell
carriers can act as a reservoir for iron, providing the basis for targeted delivery of Fe3O4-NPs and iron
ions in vivo.
Perceptions on HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Among Urgent Care
Clinicians in the Southern United States
Authors: Burns Charles M. , Endres Kyle , Farrow Laura , Mhina Carl , Cooper Alexandra , Silverberg Benjamin , McKellar Mehri S. , Okeke Nwora Lance 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Underutilization of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in the Southern
United States (US) is well-documented. Urgent care (UC) centers are positioned as communityfacing
access points to PrEP, but the feasibility of integrating PrEP services into this setting is unclear.
We conducted a survey of UC clinicians in the Southern US to better understand their perceptions
of the feasibility of providing PrEP in their practice setting.

Objective:
The study aims to determine the feasibility and acceptability of providing PrEP services
in the UC setting through a cross-sectional survey of UC clinicians.

Methods:
We conducted a 48-item cross-sectional survey of UC clinicians in the Southern US, between
July and September 2020. The survey was distributed through the Urgent Care Association
(UCA) and American Academy of Urgent Care Medicine (AAUCM) professional listservs as well
as directly to publicly listed e-mail addresses.

Results:
Eighty-two clinicians responded to the survey. Most clinicians had familiarity with PrEP
(97%). All respondents rated PrEP as an effective way to prevent HIV. However, less than half felt
UC facilities were an appropriate place to prescribe PrEP. Few respondents (8%) expressed doubts
that expansion of PrEP access would decrease the incidence of HIV in their community.

Conclusion:
These findings show UC clinicians are familiar with PrEP, and many believe it would
benefit their patients; however, provider opinions on the appropriateness of providing PrEP in the
UC setting differ. Further studies on PrEP implementation in UC centers are needed.
Clinical and Paraclinical Predictive Factors for In-hospital Mortality in
Adult Patients with COVID-19: A Cross-sectional Study in Iran
Authors: Mousavi-Roknabadi Reyhaneh Sadat , Mousavi Seyed Alireza , Nemati Fateme , Pourteimoori Somaye , Ghorbani Arefeh , Pourgholamali Hesan , Ansari Kazem , Mousavi-Roknabadi Razieh Sadat , Yakhdani Abdolrahim Sadeghi 
Published: April 2022

Background:
COVID-19, a type of coronavirus emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019, causing an epidemic of pneumonia with unknown reasons.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting in-hospital mortality of patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in one of the main hospitals in central Iran.

Methods:
This retrospective cross-sectional study (February-May 2020) was conducted on patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted to Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Iran. The patients with uncompleted or missed medical files were excluded from the study. Data were extract-ed from the patients' medical files and then analyzed. The patients were categorized as survivors and non-survivors groups, and they were compared.

Results:
Total 573 patients were enrolled and 356 (62.2%) were male. The mean±SD of age was 56.29±17.53 years, and 93 (16.23%) died. All the complications were more in non-survivors. Inten-sive care unit (ICU) admission was in 20.5% of the patients, which was more in non-survivors (P<0.001). The results of multivariate logistic regression test showed that pleural effusion in lung computed tomography (CT) scan (OR=0.055, P=0.019), white blood cell (WBC) (OR=1.418, P=0.022), serum albumin (OR=0.009, P<0.001), non-invasive mechanical ventilation (OR=34.351, P<0.001), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (OR=66.039, P=0.003) were the predic-tive factors for in-hospital mortality.

Conclusion:
In-hospital mortality with COVID-19 was about 16%. Plural effusion in lung CT scan, increased WBC count, lower mount of serum albumin, non-invasive mechanical ventilation, and ARDS were obtained as the predictive factors for in-hospital mortality.