bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of rs2072446 in the NGFR gene with the risk of Alzheimer's disease and amyloid‐β deposition in the brain
Authors: He Chen‐Yang , Wang Zuo‐Teng , Shen Ying‐Ying , Shi An‐Yu , Li Hui‐Yun , Chen Dong‐Wan , Zeng Gui‐Hua , Tan Cheng‐Rong , Yu Jin‐Tai , Zeng Fan , Wang Yan‐Jiang ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroduction and AimsAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia with a complex genetic background. The cause of sporadic AD (sAD) remains largely unknown. Increasing evidence shows that genetic variations play a crucial role in sAD. P75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR, encoded by NGFR) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of AD. Yet, the relationship between NGFR gene polymorphisms and AD was less studied. This study aims to analyze the relationship of NGFR gene polymorphism with the risk of AD in the Chinese Han population and amyloid‐β deposition in the ADNI cohort.MethodsThis case–control association study was conducted in a Chinese Han cohort consisting of 366 sporadic AD (sAD) patients and 390 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. Twelve tag‐SNPs were selected and genotyped with a multiplex polymerase chain reaction‐ligase detection reaction (PCR‐LDR) method. The associations between tag‐SNPs and the risk of AD were analyzed by logistic regression. Moreover, another cohort from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database was included to examine the association of one tag‐SNP (rs2072446) with indicators of amyloid deposition. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models were used to test the predictive abilities of rs2072446 genotypes for AD progression. The mediation effects of Aβ deposition on this association were subsequently tested by mediation analyses.ResultsAfter multiple testing corrections, one tag‐SNP, rs2072446, was associated with an increased risk of sAD (additive model, OR = 1.79, Padjustment = 0.0144). Analyses of the ADNI cohort showed that the minor allele (T) of rs2072446 was significantly associated with the heavier Aβ burden, which further contributed to an increased risk of AD progression in APOE ε4 non‐carrier.ConclusionOur study found that rs2072446 in NGFR is associated with both the risk of sAD in the Chinese Han population and the amyloid burden in the ADNI cohort, which reveals the role of p75NTR in AD from a genetic perspective.
Global effects of forest modification on herpetofauna communities
Authors: Iglesias‐Carrasco Maider , Medina Iliana , Ord Terry J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAs the area covered by human‐modified environments grows, it is increasingly important to understand the responses of communities to the novel habitats created, especially for sensitive and threatened taxa. We aimed to improve understanding of the major evolutionary and ecological processes that shape the assemblage of amphibian and reptile communities to forest modifications. To this end, we compiled a global data set of amphibian and reptile surveys in natural, disturbed (burned, logged), and transformed (monocultures, polyspecific plantations) forest communities to assess the richness, phylogenetic diversity, and composition of those communities, as well as the morphological disparity among taxa between natural and modified forest habitats. Forest transformations led to a diversity reduction of 15.46% relative to the statistically nonsignificant effect of disturbances. Transformations also led to a community composition that was 39.4% dissimilar to that on natural forests, compared with 16.1% difference in disturbances. Modifications did not affect the morphological disparity of communities (p = 0.167 and 0.744), and we found little evidence of taxon‐specific responses to anthropic impacts. Monocultures and polyspecific plantations detrimentally affected the conservation and ecological value of both amphibian and reptile communities and altered the evolutionary processes shaping these communities, whereas forests with lower impact disturbances might, to some extent, serve as reservoirs of species. Although different mechanisms might buffer the collapse of herpetological communities, preserving remaining natural forests is necessary for conserving communities in the face of future anthropic pressures.
Must‐access prescription drug monitoring programs and retail opioid sales
Authors: Shakya Shishir , Hodges Collin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the effect of prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) on the retail sales of eight commonly prescribed opioids in the United States. Specifically, we exploit variation in state‐level policies to identify states with “must‐access” versus voluntary PDMPs. Our results suggest that must‐access PDMP implementation does not uniformly reduce prescription retail opioid sales. We also find evidence that must‐access PDMP implementation does not affect the retail sales of two treatment drugs, methadone and buprenorphine. These results suggest that policymakers should consider PDMP implementation as part of a broader response to the opioid crisis rather than a singular policy intervention.
The use of salt substitutes to replace sodium chloride in food products: a review
Authors: Tan Hui‐Ling , Tan Thuan‐Chew , Easa Azhar Mat 
Published: September 2022

SummarySodium chloride (NaCl) has a significant role in food's texture, shelf life, and flavour. The increasing consumption of foods with high amounts of NaCl leads to life‐threatening pathologies. Salt reduction was a cost‐effective strategy. Recent publications on sodium reductions were on fish products, seafoods, meat products, and Asian foods. However, there are no previous reviews on the application effects of salt substitutes (SS) on staple foods. This review article aimed to analyse current application of SS in food products, recent advancements to increase SS intake via food formulation, findings from published literature on various food products, and latest innovations to aid NaCl reduction approach. Approaches that are taken including NaCl reduction based on sensory acceptability of foods, replacing NaCl with low‐sodium blends, and usage of flavour enhancers. The usage of cross‐linking agents, hydrocolloids, and NaCl coating are innovations that reduce NaCl and maintain qualities of food products.
Plasmablastic lymphoma: An update
Authors: Bailly Jenique , Jenkins Nicholas , Chetty Dharshnee , Mohamed Zainab , Verburgh Estelle R. , Opie Jessica J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPlasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a highly aggressive B cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma frequently associated with immunosuppression, particularly human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Although PBL is rare globally, South Africa has a high burden of HIV infection leading to a higher incidence of PBL in the region. Laboratory features in PBL may overlap with plasmablastic myeloma and other large B cell lymphomas with plasmablastic or immunoblastic morphology leading to diagnostic dilemmas. There are, however, pertinent distinguishing laboratory features in PBL such as a plasma cell immunophenotype with MYC overexpression, expression of Epstein–Barr virus‐encoded small RNAs and lack of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) expression. This review aims to provide a summary of current knowledge in PBL, focusing on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, laboratory diagnosis and clinical management.
How does employee development affect turnover intention? Exploring alternative relationships
Authors: Martini Mattia , Gerosa Tiziano , Cavenago Dario 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study explores alternative relationships between perceived investment in employee development (PIED) and turnover intention by including affective commitment, perceived internal employability, and perceived external employability as potential mediators. Data were collected through a structured survey from 337 employees working in two large companies in Italy. The factorial validity and dimensionality of the latent constructs studied were evaluated in a confirmatory factor analysis framework, and the mediation hypotheses were tested in a full structural equation model. Results show that the overall effect of PIED on turnover intention is negative and almost fully mediated by external employability and affective commitment, whereas the path through internal employability is not supported. More specifically, PIED increases commitment, which in turn limits the likelihood of turnover. In addition, although perceived external employability is positively associated with turnover intention, PIED seems to reduce this effect by negatively affecting employee perceptions of their marketability in the labour market. The study supports the assumptions of social exchange theory in explaining turnover behaviour as a consequence of employee development support. Contextually, it questions the existence of the employability paradox because it does not reveal either a retention path via perceived internal employability or a turnover risk via perceived external employability.
Alfred R. Wallace's enduring influence on biogeographical studies of theIndo‐Australianarchipelago
Authors: Ali Jason R. , Heaney Lawrence R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo mark A.R. Wallace's 200th birthday, we review the direct and indirect contributions he made to our understanding of the Indo‐Australian Archipelago's biogeography. He is widely known for his field research (1854–1862) and his 1863 boundary line separating the Oriental and Australasian faunal realms (between Bali and Lombok, Borneo and Sulawesi, and the Philippines and the Moluccas). Notably, though, he never accepted Huxley's ‘Wallace Line’ proposal (1868), whose northern part runs between the main Philippine islands and the Palawan Group to the west. Furthermore, in 1910, which was 3 years prior to his demise, he transferred Sulawesi's fauna to the Oriental realm. In 1924, Merrill introduced the ‘Wallacea’ transition zone. Although the label is today widely used to denote a sub‐region within the Indo‐Australian Archipelago between Wallace's 1863 line and Lydekker's 1896 line (first presented by Darlington in 1957), the western boundary was originally based on Huxley's line, and thus included the Philippine islands minus the Palawan group. Most biogeographers appear to be unaware of Merrill and his intention. Finally, recent attempts to define the faunal break have not led to a consensus view, despite the huge increase in primary data plus the application of modern analytical techniques. This reflects the complexities and diversity of the region's faunal distribution patterns, plus the differences in the ways that researchers choose to process their data.
Impact of uncertainty intolerance on clinical reasoning: A scoping review of the 21st‐century literature
Authors: Brun Clémence , Zerhouni Oulmann , Akinyemi Alexis , Houtin Laurène , Monvoisin Richard , Pinsault Nicolas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRationale, Aims and ObjectivesClinical reasoning is currently extensively studied to find out how to make proper diagnoses. Literature indicates that intolerance of uncertainty (IU) may have a strong negative impact on clinical reasoning. We summarize the various consequences of IU on clinical reasoning.MethodsA scoping review was conducted using relevant keywords to scientific databases (i.e., Google Scholar, Medline, PsycINFO and PBSC) from September to November 2021. Complementary research included relevant articles and articles retrieved through Google Scholar's alert system. We included articles about healthcare professionals as defined by the French Public Health Code (As defined here: https://www.vie-publique.fr/fiches/37855-categories-de-professionnels-de-sante-code-se-la-sante-publique), and articles reporting on the impact of IU or uncertainty management on clinical reasoning.ResultsWe retrieved 1853 articles, of which 8 were kept for final analysis considering our inclusion criteria. Two behaviour categories were affected by uncertainty intolerance: investigative and prescriptive behaviours. Regarding the investigation process, mismanagement of uncertainty appeared to lead to reasoning bias, potentially resulting in diagnostic errors. IU was associated with withholding information, more referrals to peers and less use of new medical interventions. Regarding prescription behaviours, IU among health professionals could lead to overprescribing unnecessary or dangerous tests. IU was also associated with more antibiotic prescriptions for conditions where antibiotics are to be used carefully.ConclusionFew studies have yet addressed the impact of IU on clinical reasoning. IU's influence is primarily observed on investigative and prescribing behaviours. More studies are needed to fully understand the impact of IU on clinical reasoning itself, and not only on practical consequences.
Perinatal exposure to tributyltin affects feeding behavior and expression of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y in the paraventricular nucleus of adult mice
Authors: Ponti Giovanna , Bo Elisabetta , Bonaldo Brigitta , Farinetti Alice , Marraudino Marilena , Panzica Giancarlo , Gotti Stefano 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOrganotins such as tributyltin chloride (TBT), are highly diffused environmental pollutants, which act as metabolism disrupting chemicals, i.e. may interfere with fat tissue differentiation, as well as with neuroendocrine circuits, thus impairing the control of energetic balance. We have previously demonstrated that adult exposure to TBT altered the expression of neuropeptides in the hypothalamus. In this study, we orally administered daily a solution containing oil, or TBT (0.25, 2.5, or 25 μg/kg body weight/day) to pregnant females from gestational day 8 until birth, and to their pups from day 0 until post‐natal day 21. Our results showed that TBT exposure of female mice during gestation and of pups during lactation permanently altered the feeding efficiency of pups of both sexes and subcutaneous fat distribution in adult males. In addition, the neuropeptide Y system was affected at the level of the paraventricular nucleus, with a decrease in immunoreactivity in both sexes (significant in females for all TBT doses and in males only for intermediate TBT doses), while no effect was observed in other hypothalamic areas (arcuate, ventromedial and dorsomedial nuclei). Metabolic syndrome, as well as obesity and diabetes, which are significant health issues, are considered multifactorial diseases and may be caused by exposure to metabolic disruptors, both in adults and during perinatal life. In addition, our work indicates that TBT doses defined as the tolerably daily intake had a profound and sex‐specific long‐term effect.
Gender differences in recollections of economic socialization, financial self‐efficacy, and financial literacy
Authors: Furrebøe Elise Frølich , Nyhus Ellen Katrine , Musau Andrew 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe OECD/INFE international surveys of adult financial literacy (OECD/INFE 2016, 2020) show gender differences in financial literacy in developed countries in Europe. In this study, we examine whether these differences can be explained by gender differences in parental economic socialization using the Dutch 2018 DHS household survey. We investigate whether respondents' recollection of economic socialization when young predict their adult economic behavior and self‐assessed financial knowledge. The results from ordinal logit and logistic regressions and for nonlinear equations decompositions reveal gender differences in the recollection of economic socialization and in how socialization practices are related to economic behavior and self‐assessed financial knowledge. Men have to a greater degree than women been socialized in terms of having paid work outside the home, while women more often than men report that their parents controlled their spending. Moreover, we find gender differences in how men and women benefitted from the same socialization practices.
An information‐theoretic approach to the analysis of location and colocation patterns
Authors: van Dam Alje , Gomez‐Lievano Andres , Neffke Frank , Frenken Koen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe study of location and colocation of economic activities lies at the heart of economic geography and related disciplines, but the indices used to quantify these patterns are often defined ad hoc and lack a clear statistical foundation. We propose a statistical framework to quantify location and colocation associations of economic activities using information‐theoretic measures. We relate the resulting measures to existing measures of revealed comparative advantage, localization, specialization, and coagglomeration and show how different measures derive from the same general framework. To support the use of these measures in hypothesis testing and statistical inference, we develop a Bayesian estimation approach to provide measures of uncertainty and statistical significance of the estimated quantities. We illustrate this framework in an application to an analysis of location and colocation patterns of occupations in US cities.
Rural disparities in the quality of clinical care are notable and larger for males
Authors: MacCarthy Sarah , Elliott Marc N. , Martino Steven C. , Klein David J. , Haviland Amelia M. , Weech‐Maldonado Robert , Dembosky Jacob W. , Tamayo Loida , Gaillot Sarah , Schneider Eric C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate whether rural‐urban differences in quality of care for Medicare Advantage (MA) enrollees vary between females and males.MethodsData for this study came from the 2019 Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set. Linear regression was used to investigate urban‐rural differences in individual MA enrollee scores on 34 clinical care measures grouped into 7 categories, and how those differences varied by sex (through evaluation of statistical interactions).FindingsAcross all 7 categories of measures, scores for rural residents were worse than scores for urban residents. For 4 categories—care for patients with (suspected) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, avoiding prescription misuse, behavioral health, and diabetes care—the average difference across measures in the category was greater than 3 percentage points. Across all 34 measures, there were 15 statistically significant rural‐by‐sex interactions that exceeded 1 percentage point. In 11 of those cases, the deficit associated with living in a rural area was greater for males than for females. In 3 cases, the deficit associated with living in a rural area was larger for females than for males. In 1 case involving Follow‐up After Hospitalization for Mental Illness, rural residents had an advantage, and it was larger for males than for females.ConclusionsInterventions may help address patient‐ (eg, health literacy and patient activation), provider‐ (eg, workforce recruitment and retention), and structural‐level issues contributing to these disparities, especially for rural males.
Efficacy of hydrogen peroxide wipes for decontamination of AZD1222 adenovirus COVID-19 vaccine strain on pharmaceutical industry materials
Authors: Rhodes V.P. , Ajorio A.C.F.B. , da Costa L.V. , Rodrigues A.P. , Diniz V.A. , da Silva Lage R.V. , da Silva I.B. , Brandão M.L.L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the performance of accelerated hydrogen peroxide® wipes (HPW) for decontamination of the chimpanzee adenovirus AZD1222 vaccine strain used in the production of recombinant COVID-19 vaccine in a pharmaceutical industry. Two matrices were tested on stainless-steel (SS) and low-density-polyethylene (LDP) surfaces: formulated recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (FCV) and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). The samples were spiked, dried and the initial inoculum, possible residue effect (RE) and titre reduction after disinfection with HPW were determined. No RE was observed. The disinfection procedure with HPW resulted in complete decontamination the of AZD1222 adenovirus strain in FCV (≥7·46 and ≥7·49 log10 infectious unit [IFU] ml−1 for SS and LDP carriers respectively) and API (≥8·79 and ≥8·78 log10 IFU ml−1 for SS and LDP carriers respectively). In conclusion, virucidal activity of HPW was satisfactory against the AZD1222 adenovirus strain and can be a good option for disinfection processes of SS and LPD surfaces in pharmaceutical industry facilities during recombinant COVID-19 vaccine production. This procedure is simple and can be also applied on safety unit cabins and sampling bags made of LDP as well.
Global cirrhosis prevalence trends and attributable risk factors–an ecological study using data from 1990–2019
Authors: Fang Kailu , Yang Qing , Lin Yushi , Zheng Luyan , Wang Hong‐liang , Wu Jie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsCirrhosis is a major public health issue worldwide with significant morbidity and mortality. We aimed to explore the time series associations between varying levels of risk factors and cirrhosis prevalence and predict the cirrhosis prevalence under alternative scenarios to consolidate evidence for further intervention plans.MethodsWe collected data of cirrhosis and its risk factors from 1990 to 2019 across 178 countries and used a generalized linear mixed model to explore the time series associations between cirrhosis and risk factors. We simulated scenarios with varying levels of risk factors and investigated benefits gained from the control of risk factors compared with the status quo.ResultsThe global cirrhosis prevalence varied geographically, with the highest observed in East and Southeast Asia, mainly due to high hepatitis prevalence. Our study revealed that each 1% increase in prevalence of hepatitis B and C, cirrhosis prevalence would correspondingly increase 0.028% and 0.288%. There would be approximately 392.15 million fewer cirrhosis patients if the goals of a 65% reduction in prevalence of hepatitis and a 10% reduction in alcohol consumption were achieved.ConclusionsGiven that cirrhosis prevalence has different risk factors depending on geography, it is important to identify an appropriate set of interventions for cirrhosis that are adapted to the epidemiological situation in a specific country. Interventions targeting hepatitis may have a significant impact on global cirrhosis prevalence, therefore, the adoption of specific interventions for hepatitis in high‐burden regions and high‐risk groups is warranted to lower the global burden of cirrhosis.