bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The physical connection between central stellar surface density and stellar spin in SAMI and MaNGA nearby galaxies
Authors: Cortese L , Fraser-McKelvie A , Woo J , Catinella B , Harborne K E , van de Sande J , Bland-Hawthorn J , Brough S , Bryant J J , Croom S , Sweet S 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
The stellar surface density within the inner 1 kpc (Σ1) has become a popular tool for understanding the growth of galaxies and its connection with the quenching of star formation. The emerging picture suggests that building a central dense core is a necessary condition for quenching. However, it is not clear whether changes in Σ1 trace changes in stellar kinematics and the growth of dispersion-dominated bulges. In this paper, we combine imaging from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey with stellar kinematics from the Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral-field unit and Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory surveys to quantify the correlation between Σ1 and the proxy for stellar spin parameter within one effective radius (λre) for 1599 nearby galaxies. We show that, on the star-forming main sequence and at fixed stellar mass, changes in Σ1 are mirrored by changes in λre. While forming stars, main-sequence galaxies remain rotationally-dominated systems, with their Σ1 increasing but their stellar spin staying either constant or slightly increasing. The picture changes below the main sequence, where Σ1 and λre are no longer correlated. Passive systems show a narrower range of Σ1, but a wider range of λre compared to star-forming galaxies. Our results indicate that, from a structural point of view, passive galaxies are a more heterogeneous population than star-forming systems, and may have followed a variety of evolutionary paths. This also suggests that, if dispersion-dominated bulges still grow significantly at z ∼ 0, this generally takes place during, or after, the quenching phase.
SHARP – VIII. J0924+0219 lens mass distribution and time-delay prediction through adaptive-optics imaging
Authors: Chen Geoff C-F , Fassnacht Christopher D , Suyu Sherry H , Koopmans Léon V E , Lagattuta David J , McKean John P , Auger Matt W , Vegetti Simona , Treu Tommaso 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Strongly lensed quasars can provide measurements of the Hubble constant (H0) independent of any other methods. One of the key ingredients is exquisite high-resolution imaging data, such as Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging and adaptive-optics (AO) imaging from ground-based telescopes, which provide strong constraints on the mass distribution of the lensing galaxy. In this work, we expand on the previous analysis of three time-delay lenses with AO imaging (RX J1131−1231, HE 0435−1223, and PG 1115+080), and perform a joint analysis of J0924+0219 by using AO imaging from the Keck telescope, obtained as part of the Strong lensing at High Angular Resolution Program (SHARP) AO effort, with HST imaging to constrain the mass distribution of the lensing galaxy. Under the assumption of a flat Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) model with fixed Ωm = 0.3, we show that by marginalizing over two different kinds of mass models (power-law and composite models) and their transformed mass profiles via a mass-sheet transformation, we obtain $\Delta t_{\rm BA}=6.89\substack{+0.8\\-0.7}\, h^{-1}\hat{\sigma }_{v}^{2}$ d, $\Delta t_{\rm CA}=10.7\substack{+1.6\\-1.2}\, h^{-1}\hat{\sigma }_{v}^{2}$ d, and $\Delta t_{\rm DA}=7.70\substack{+1.0\\-0.9}\, h^{-1}\hat{\sigma }_{v}^{2}$ d, where $h=H_{0}/100\,\rm km\, s^{-1}\, Mpc^{-1}$ is the dimensionless Hubble constant and $\hat{\sigma }_{v}=\sigma ^{\rm ob}_{v}/(280\,\rm km\, s^{-1})$ is the scaled dimensionless velocity dispersion. Future measurements of time delays with 10 per cent uncertainty and velocity dispersion with 5 per cent uncertainty would yield a H0 constraint of ∼15 per cent precision.
Multi-mask least-squares deconvolution: extracting RVs using tailored masks
Authors: Lienhard F , Mortier A , Buchhave L , Collier Cameron A , López-Morales M , Sozzetti A , Watson C A , Cosentino R 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
To push the radial velocity (RV) exoplanet detection threshold, it is crucial to find more reliable RV extraction methods. The least-squares deconvolution (LSD) technique has been used to infer the stellar magnetic flux from spectropolarimetric data for the past two decades. It relies on the assumption that stellar absorption lines are similar in shape. Although this assumption is simplistic, LSD provides a good model for intensity spectra and likewise an estimate for their Doppler shift. We present the multi-mask least-squares deconvolution (MM-LSD) RV extraction pipeline that extracts the RV from two-dimensional echelle-order spectra using LSD with multiple tailored masks after continuum normalization and telluric absorption line correction. The flexibility of LSD allows to exclude spectral lines or pixels at will, providing a means to exclude variable lines or pixels affected by instrumental problems. The MM-LSD pipeline was tested on HARPS-N data for the Sun and selected well-observed stars with 5.7 &lt; Vmag &lt; 12.6. For FGK-type stars with median signal-to-noise ratio above 100, the pipeline delivered RV time series with on average 12 per cent lower scatter as compared to the HARPS-N RV extraction pipeline based on the cross-correlation function technique. The MM-LSD pipeline may be used as a standalone RV code, or modified and extended to extract a proxy for the magnetic field strength.
The SUNBIRD survey: the K-band luminosity functions of young massive clusters in intensely star-forming galaxies
Authors: Randriamanakoto Z , Väisänen P , Ranaivomanana P , Ramphul R , Kankare E , Mattila S , Ryder S D , Kotilainen J 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Strongly star-forming galaxies are prolific in producing the young and most massive star clusters still forming today. This work investigates the star cluster luminosity functions (CLFs, dN/dL ∝ L−α) of 26 starburst and luminous infrared galaxies taken from the SUNBIRD survey. The targets were imaged using near-infrared K-band adaptive optics systems. Single power-law fits of the derived CLFs result in a slope α ranging between 1.53 and 2.41, with the median and average of 1.87 ± 0.23 and 1.93 ± 0.23, respectively. Possible biases such as blending effects and the choice of binning should only flatten the slope by no more than ∼0.15, especially for cases where the luminosity distance of the host galaxy is below 100 Mpc. Results from this follow-up study strengthen the conclusion from our previous work: the CLF slopes are shallower for strongly star-forming galaxies in comparison to those with less intense star formation activity. There is also a (mild) correlation between α and both the host galaxy’s star formation rate (SFR) and SFR density (ΣSFR), i.e. the CLF flattens with an increasing SFR and ΣSFR. Finally, we also find that CLFs on subgalactic scales associated with the nuclear regions of cluster-rich targets (N ≈ 300) have typically shallower slopes than the ones of the outer field by ∼0.5. Our analyses suggest that the extreme environments of strongly star-forming galaxies are likely to influence the cluster formation mechanisms and ultimately their physical properties.
Plasma maser in the plasmasphere of HD 189733b
Authors: Zaitsev V V , Shaposhnikov V E 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
On the example of the hot Jupiter HD 189733b, in whose magnetosphere the conditions for the ’operation’ of an electron–cyclotron maser are not fulfilled, an analysis of the plasma mechanism of radio emission generation is carried out. The purpose of the analysis is to highlight the range of parameters at which the realization of a plasma maser is possible, as well as to determine the frequency range of generated radio emission. The conditions under which the plasma maser is efficient enough to generate radiation with the intensity accessible for observation by the existing radio telescopes are also defined.
Cross-correlations between mm-wave line-intensity mapping and weak-lensing surveys: preliminary consideration of long-term prospects
Authors: Chung Dongwoo T 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
The field of millimetre-wave line-intensity mapping (LIM) is seeing increased experimental activity with pathfinder surveys already deployed or deploying in the next few years, making spectroscopic measurements of unresolved atomic and molecular line emission tracing the large-scale structure of the Universe. The next decade will also see the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) undertake a photometric galaxy survey programme of unprecedented scope, including measurements of cosmic shear exploiting weak gravitational lensing (WL) of background galaxies to map projected large-scale structure. We consider prospects for detecting angular cross-power spectra between non-tomographic cosmic shear and mm-wave LIM surveys that measure emission from CO lines at z = 0.5–1. We forecast that once the LSST Year 10 WL data set is available, a future LIM experiment, conceivably deployed in the next 10–15 yr, would enable such a cross-correlation detection with an overall signal-to-noise ratio of 50, although the current pathfinder generation of CO/[C ii] surveys are more likely to achieve a marginal 2σ detection against an earlier-stage LSST WL data set. The signal has modest astrophysical constraining power yielding competitive constraints on cosmic molecular gas density at z ≲ 1, and degeneracies between astrophysical parameters and the intrinsic alignment amplitude mean that external information on either one could allow the cross-correlation analysis to significantly improve its constraints on the other.
On the relative importance of AGN winds for the evolution of exoplanet atmospheres
Authors: Heinz Sebastian 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Recent work investigating the impact of winds and outflows from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) on the habitability of exoplanets suggests that such activity could be deleterious for the long-term survival of planetary atmospheres and the habitability of planets subject to such winds. Here, we discuss the relative importance of the effect of AGN winds compared to stellar winds and the effect of the planet’s magnetosphere and stellar irradiation and conclude that AGN winds are not likely to play a significant role in the evolution of atmospheric conditions in planets under conditions otherwise favourable for habitability.
Relativistic global solutions of neutrino-dominated accretion flows with magnetic coupling
Authors: She Jiao-Zhen , Liu Tong , Xue Li 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
A Kerr black hole (BH) surrounded by a neutrino-dominated accretion flow (NDAF) is one of plausible candidates of the central engine in gamma-ray bursts. The accretion material might inherit and restructure strong magnetic fields from the compact object mergers or massive collapsars. The magnetic coupling (MC) process between a rapid rotating BH and an accretion disc is one of possible magnetic configurations that transfers the energy and angular momentum from the BH to the disc. In this paper, we investigate one-dimensional global solutions of NDAFs with MC (MCNDAFs), taking into account general relativistic effects, detailed neutrino physics, different MC geometries, and reasonable nucleosynthesis processes. Six cases with different accretion rates and power-law indices of magnetic fields are presented and compared with NDAFs without MC. Our results indict that the MC process can prominently impact the structure, thermal properties, and microphysics of MCNDAFs, increase luminosities of neutrinos and their annihilations, result in the changing of radial distributions of nucleons, and push the region of heavy nuclei synthesis to a larger radius than counterparts in NDAFs.
A holistic approach to understand helium enrichment in interplanetary coronal mass ejections: new insights
Authors: Yogesh  , Chakrabarty D , Srivastava N 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Despite helium abundance [AHe = (nH/nHe) × 100] being ∼8 per cent at the solar photospheric/chromospheric heights, AHe can be found to exceed 8 per cent in interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) on many occasions. Although various factors like interplanetary shocks, chromospheric evaporation, and ‘sludge removal’ have been separately invoked in the past to address the AHe enhancements in ICMEs, none of these processes could explain the variability of AHe in ICMEs comprehensively. Based on an extensive analysis of 275 ICME events, we show that there is a solar activity variation of ICME averaged AHe values. We also found that the first ionization potential effect and localized coronal heating due to magnetic reconnection are not the major contributing factors for AHe enhancements in ICMEs. Investigation on concurrent solar flares and ICME events for 63 cases reveals that chromospheric evaporation in tandem with gravitational settling determines the AHe enhancements and variabilities beyond 8 per cent in ICMEs. While chromospheric evaporation releases the helium from chromosphere into the corona, the gravitationally settled helium is thrown out during the ICMEs. We show that the intensity and timing of the preceding flares from the same active region from where the CME erupts are important factors to understand the AHe enhancements in ICMEs.
Consciousness matters: phenomenal experience has functional value
Authors: Cleeremans Axel , Tallon-Baudry Catherine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
‘Why would we do anything at all if the doing was not doing something to us?’ In other words: What is consciousness good for? Here, reversing classical views, according to many of which subjective experience is a mere epiphenomenon that affords no functional advantage, we propose that subject-level experience—‘What it feels like’—is endowed with intrinsic value, and it is precisely the value agents associate with their experiences that explains why they do certain things and avoid others. Because experiences have value and guide behaviour, consciousness has a function. Under this hypothesis of ‘phenomenal worthiness’, we argue that it is only in virtue of the fact that conscious agents ‘experience’ things and ‘care’ about those experiences that they are ‘motivated’ to act in certain ways and that they ‘prefer’ some states of affairs vs. others. Overviewing how the concept of value has been approached in decision-making, emotion research and consciousness research, we argue that phenomenal consciousness has intrinsic value and conclude that if this is indeed the case, then it must have a function. Phenomenal experience might act as a mental currency of sorts, which not only endows conscious mental states with intrinsic value but also makes it possible for conscious agents to compare vastly different experiences in a common subject-centred space—a feature that readily explains the fact that consciousness is ‘unified’. The phenomenal worthiness hypothesis, in turn, makes the ‘hard problem’ of consciousness more tractable, since it can then be reduced to a problem about function.
Decitabine increases neoantigen and cancer testis antigen expression to enhance T-cell–mediated toxicity against glioblastoma
Authors: Ma Ruichong , Rei Margarida , Woodhouse Isaac , Ferris Katherine , Kirschner Sophie , Chandran Anandhakumar , Gileadi Uzi , Chen Ji-Li , Pereira Pinho Mariana , Ariosa-Morejon Yoanna , Kriaucionis Skirmantas , Ternette Nicola , Koohy Hashem , Ansorge Olaf , Ogg Graham , Plaha Puneet , Cerundolo Vincenzo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Despite maximal treatment, median survival remains dismal at 14–24 months. Immunotherapies, such as checkpoint inhibition, have revolutionized management of some cancers but have little benefit for GBM patients. This is, in part, due to the low mutational and neoantigen burden in this immunogenically “cold” tumor.

Methods
U87MG and patient-derived cell lines were treated with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (DAC) and underwent whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing. Cell lines were then subjected to cellular assays with neoantigen and cancer testis antigen (CTA) specific T cells.

Results
We demonstrate that DAC increases neoantigen and CTA mRNA expression through DNA hypomethylation. This results in increased neoantigen presentation by MHC class I in tumor cells, leading to increased neoantigen- and CTA-specific T-cell activation and killing of DAC-treated cancer cells. In addition, we show that patients have endogenous cancer-specific T cells in both tumor and blood, which show increased tumor-specific activation in the presence of DAC-treated cells.

Conclusions
Our work shows that DAC increases GBM immunogenicity and consequent susceptibility to T-cell responses in vitro. Our results support a potential use of DAC as a sensitizing agent for immunotherapy.
Long-Term Effectiveness of a Clinician-Assisted Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention for Smoking Cessation: Secondary Outcomes From a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Webb Jamie , Peerbux Sarrah , Ang Alfonso , Siddiqui Sarim , Sherwani Yusuf , Ahmed Maroof , MacRae Hannah , Puri Hannah , Majeed Azeem , Glasner Suzette 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Introduction
This study evaluated the secondary effectiveness outcomes for Quit Genius, a digital clinician-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention for smoking cessation.

Methods
Adult smokers (N = 556) were randomly assigned to Quit Genius (n = 277), a digital, clinician-assisted CBT intervention or very brief advice (VBA) to stop smoking, an evidence-based, 30-s intervention designed to facilitate quit attempts, coupled with referral to a cessation service (n = 279). Participants were offered combination nicotine replacement therapy (patches and gum) tailored to individual nicotine dependence. Analyses (n = 530), by intention-to-treat, compared Quit Genius and VBA at 4, 26, and 52 weeks post-quit date (QD). The primary outcome was self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA) at 4 weeks post-QD. Consecutive 7-day point-prevalence abstinence, defined as abstinent at two or more consecutive timepoints, was examined at weeks 26 and 52 to indicate long-term effectiveness. Abstinence was verified using a random sample of participants with carbon monoxide breath testing of &lt;5 parts per million (n = 280).

Results
Self-reported consecutive 7-day PPA at weeks 26 and 52 for Quit Genius was 27.2% and 22.6%, respectively, compared with VBA which was 16.6% and 13.2% (RR = 1.70, 95% CI, 1.22-2.37; p = .003, 26 weeks; RR = 1.71, 95% CI, 1.17–2.50; P = .005, 52 weeks). Biochemically verified abstinence was significantly different at 26- (p = .03) but not 52 weeks (p = .16). Quit Genius participants were more likely to remain abstinent than those who received VBA (RR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.17–2.50; p = .005).

Conclusions
This study provides secondary evidence for the long-term effectiveness of Quit Genius in comparison with VBA. Future trials of digital interventions without clinician support and comparisons with active treatment are needed.

Implications
The long-term effectiveness of clinician-assisted digital smoking cessation interventions has not been well studied. This study established the long-term effectiveness of an extended CBT-based intervention; results may inform implementation of scalable approaches to smoking cessation in the health system.
Social progress around the world: trends and convergence
Authors: Peiró-Palomino Jesús , Picazo-Tadeo Andrés J , Rios Vicente 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper assesses social progress in 139 countries over the period 1995–2017 following the framework proposed by the Social Progress Imperative; a notable contribution is a composite index allowing for comparisons across countries and over time. The index considers 45 raw indicators covering three fundamental pillars of social progress: basic human needs, foundations of well-being, and opportunities. The results point to a marked improvement in social progress all over the world from the mid-1990s, although they also depict a highly polarized world. Cross-country convergence patterns are also investigated, revealing a reduction in the differences in social progress, largely driven by the narrowing of the gap in basic human needs. Conversely, sizeable cross-country disparities remain in foundations of well-being and opportunities.
Dugongs and Turtles as Kin
Authors: McNiven Ian J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Indigenous Australia has a rich ethnographic record that provides opportunities for archaeology to better understand and appreciate past human–animal relationships and the worldviews in which they are based. These ethnographic accounts indicate that marine hunting of large prey such as dugongs and turtles was often highly ritualized. These rituals increased hunting success but also included fecundity rituals to increase and/or maintain the distribution and frequency of particular taxa. Such rituals were founded on an understanding of fundamental kin relationships between hunters and prey that were validated cosmologically, authorized by ancestral power, enabled by mutually understood sentience and dialogue, and operationalized by a social and moral contract of respect, trust, etiquette, social obligation, and reciprocity. The richness of the anthropological record for Torres Strait in northeastern Australia has provided an opportunity for archaeology to explore past dugong and turtle hunting rituals via shrines of mounded stone and bone dating to the past 500 years. These sites provide rare windows into human–animal ontologies and associated sentient worlds and kin-centric ecologies.
Ecological Hermeneutics
Authors: Horrell David G. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter offers an overview of the various approaches developed in the field of what has come to be known as ecological hermeneutics. Noting the provocative early stimulus of Lynn White’s classic article, the survey first considers readings of recovery, which seek to defend the Bible against criticisms such as White’s and to show how the Bible can make a positive contribution to ecological theology and ethics. The chapter turns next to the Earth Bible Project, and its particular approach to the task of ecological hermeneutics, following the steps of suspicion, identification, and retrieval, guided by a set of ecojustice principles. The third approach surveyed is that of the Exeter Project, which seeks to develop a critical and constructive hermeneutic that is informed both by the Christian theological tradition and by contemporary science. Finally, the chapter considers some of the various new directions and developments in the field.
Reading from the Ground Up
Authors: Marlow Hilary 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Bible is full of references to the natural world, from descriptions of the geophysical landscape of ancient Israel to allegories, parables, and other figurative portrayals that focus specifically on a particular aspect of nature. In some instances, these descriptions set the scene for the various events that take place. But the extent of language about the natural world, and the very many forms in which it occurs, cautions us against regarding this as merely a backdrop to the human story. The book of Isaiah is no exception and the extent and richness of figurative references to the natural world in Isaiah merits particular attention. What does this plethora of imagery tell us about attitudes to the physical world in Isaiah? How did the Isaianic authors conceive of the relationship between humanity and nature, and why did they often use such vivid images to convey this? How might the answers to these questions inform our understanding of ecological sustainability in the modern world? These and other questions will underpin this exploration of nature imagery in Isaiah and will prompt us to think beyond the sheer preponderance of such material to the purposes and functions that lie beyond it.