bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rehearsal simulation to determine the size of device for left atrial appendage occlusion using patient-specific 3D-printed phantoms
Authors: Hong Dayeong , Moon Sojin , Cho Youngjin , Oh Il-Young , Chun Eun Ju , Kim Namkug 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLeft atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion (LAAO) is used to close the finger-like extension from the left atrium with occlusion devices to block the source of thrombosis. However, selection of the devices size is not easy due to various anatomical changes. The purpose of this study is patient-specific, computed tomography angiography (CTA)-based, three-dimensionally (3D) printed LAAO phantoms were applied pre-procedure to determine the size. Ten patients were enrolled prospectively in March 2019 and December 2020. The cardiac structure appearing in CTA was first segmented, and the left atrium and related structures in the LAAO procedure were modeled. The phantoms were fabricated using two methods of fused deposition modeling (FDM) and stereolithography (SLA) 3D printers with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and flexible resin materials and evaluated by comparing their physical and material properties. The 3D-printed phantoms were directly used to confirm the shape of LAA, and to predict the device size for LAAO. In summary, the shore A hardness of TPU of FDM was about 80–85 shore A, and that of flexible resin of SLA was about 50–70 shore A. The measurement error between the STL model and 3D printing phantoms were 0.45 ± 0.37 mm (Bland–Altman, limits of agreement from − 1.8 to 1.6 mm). At the rehearsal, the estimations of device sizes were the exact same with those in the actual procedures of all 10 patients. In conclusion, simulation with a 3D-printed left atrium phantom could be used to predict the LAAO insertion device size accurately before the procedure.
EMI characteristics analysis and suppression technique of magnetic near-field coupling in power delivery adapter
Authors: Chen Qingbin , Zhang Dandan , Chen Wei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWith the continuous improvement of the power density of the power delivery (PD) adapter, switching frequency increases and volume decreases. The EMI issues caused by magnetic near-field coupling effects have become bottlenecks in the PD adapter’s EMI suppression. In this paper, the coupling characteristics of the magnetic field are deeply analyzed, and the equivalent circuit considering near-field coupling effects is derived. According to the electromagnetic field theory, the mathematical models of near-field coupling between transformer as well as power PCB circuits and the input plug are established. Based on this, the influence of the structure parameters of the input plug is studied. Finally, a new input plug loop structure is proposed, which can reduce the near-field coupling effects between the transformer as well as power PCB circuits and input plug. The experimental results verify the theoretical analysis to be correct and effective.
Combining genomic and epidemiological data to compare the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 variants Alpha and Iota
Authors: Petrone Mary E. , Rothman Jessica E. , Breban Mallery I. , Ott Isabel M. , Russell Alexis , Lasek-Nesselquist Erica , Badr Hamada , Kelly Kevin , Omerza Greg , Renzette Nicholas , Watkins Anne E. , Kalinich Chaney C. , Alpert Tara , Brito Anderson F. , Earnest Rebecca , Tikhonova Irina R. , Castaldi Christopher , Kelly John P. , Shudt Matthew , Plitnick Jonathan , Schneider Erasmus , Murphy Steven , Neal Caleb , Laszlo Eva , Altajar Ahmad , Pearson Claire , Muyombwe Anthony , Downing Randy , Razeq Jafar , Niccolai Linda , Wilson Madeline S. , Anderson Margaret L. , Wang Jianhui , Liu Chen , Hui Pei , Mane Shrikant , Taylor Bradford P. , Hanage William P. , Landry Marie L. , Peaper David R. , Bilguvar Kaya , Fauver Joseph R. , Vogels Chantal B. F. , Gardner Lauren M. , Pitzer Virginia E. , St. George Kirsten , Adams Mark D. , Grubaugh Nathan D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 variants shaped the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic and the discourse around effective control measures. Evaluating the threat posed by a new variant is essential for adapting response efforts when community transmission is detected. In this study, we compare the dynamics of two variants, Alpha and Iota, by integrating genomic surveillance data to estimate the effective reproduction number (Rt) of the variants. We use Connecticut, United States, in which Alpha and Iota co-circulated in 2021. We find that the Rt of these variants were up to 50% larger than that of other variants. We then use phylogeography to show that while both variants were introduced into Connecticut at comparable frequencies, clades that resulted from introductions of Alpha were larger than those resulting from Iota introductions. By monitoring the dynamics of individual variants throughout our study period, we demonstrate the importance of routine surveillance in the response to COVID-19.
Coherent oscillation between phonons and magnons
Authors: Hioki Tomosato , Hashimoto Yusuke , Saitoh Eiji 
Published: May 2022

AbstractConsider observing two different waves with the same frequency and wavelength. When these waves are coupled, the amplitude alternates between the two waves periodically, a phenomenon called coherent beating oscillation. Such phenomena can be seen in familiar coupled pendulums and, on a cosmic scale, neutrino oscillations: the oscillation between different types of neutrinos. In solids, on the other hand, there are various wave excitations responsible for their thermal and electromagnetic properties. Here we report the observation of coherent beating between different excitation species in a solid: phonons and magnons. By using time-resolved magneto-optical microscopy, magnons generated in Lu2Bi1Fe3.4Ga1.6O12 gradually disappear by transforming to phonons, and after a while, they return to magnons. The period of the oscillation as a function of the field is consistent with the prediction of the magnon-phonon beating. The experimental results pave a way to coherent control of magnon-phonon systems in solids.
Three-dimensional energy gap and origin of charge-density wave in kagome superconductor KV3Sb5
Authors: Kato Takemi , Li Yongkai , Kawakami Tappei , Liu Min , Nakayama Kosuke , Wang Zhiwei , Moriya Ayumi , Tanaka Kiyohisa , Takahashi Takashi , Yao Yugui , Sato Takafumi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractKagome lattices offer a fertile ground to explore exotic quantum phenomena associated with electron correlation and band topology. The recent discovery of superconductivity coexisting with charge-density wave (CDW) in the kagome metals KV3Sb5, RbV3Sb5, and CsV3Sb5 suggests an intriguing entanglement of electronic order and superconductivity. However, the microscopic origin of CDW, a key to understanding the superconducting mechanism and its possible topological nature, remains elusive. Here, we report angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of KV3Sb5 and demonstrate a substantial reconstruction of Fermi surface in the CDW state that accompanies the formation of small three-dimensional pockets. The CDW gap exhibits a periodicity of undistorted Brillouin zone along the out-of-plane wave vector, signifying a dominant role of the in-plane inter-saddle-point scattering to the mechanism of CDW. The characteristics of experimental band dispersion can be captured by first-principles calculations with the inverse star-of-David structural distortion. The present result indicates a direct link between the low-energy excitations and CDW, and puts constraints on the microscopic theory of superconductivity in alkali-metal kagome lattices.
A general and stereoselective approach to 14-membered cyclic bis-semicarbazones involving BF3-catalyzed amidoalkylation of 2-(trimethylsilyloxy)propene
Authors: Fesenko Anastasia A. , Shutalev Anatoly D. 
Published: May 2022

An effective approach to 14-membered hexaaza macrocycles based on BF3-catalyzed amidoalkylation of 2-(trimethylsilyloxy)propene followed by reaction of the obtained 4-(3-oxobutyl)semicarbazones with N2H4 and TsOH-promoted cyclization is reported.
Andrographolide in atherosclerosis: integrating network pharmacology and in vitro pharmacological evaluation
Authors: Shi Shuai , Ji Xinyu , Shi Jingjing , Shi Shuqing , She Fei , Zhang Qiuyan , Dong Yu , Cui Hanming , Hu Yuanhui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective: Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees is a medicinal plant that has been traditionally used as an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial remedy for several conditions. Andrographolide (AG), the active constituent of A. paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees, has anti-lipidic and anti-inflammatory properties as well as cardiovascular protective effects. The present study aimed to explore the effects of AG on the progression of atherosclerosis and to investigate related mechanisms via network pharmacology.
Materials and methods: Compound-related information was obtained from the PubChem database. Potential target genes were identified using STITCH, SwissTargetPrediction, Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular mechANism of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Comparative Toxicogenomics Database. Genes involved in atherosclerosis were obtained from DisGeNet and compared with AG target genes to obtain an overlapping set. Protein–protein interactions were determined by STRING. Gene ontology (GO) analysis was performed at WebGestalt, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment was analyzed using Metascape. The final network showing the relationship between compounds, targets, and pathways was constructed using Cytoscape. After that, oxLDL-induced RAW264.7 cells were used to further validate a part of the network pharmacology results.
Result: Eighty-one potential AG target genes were identified. PPI, GO, and KEGG enrichment revealed genes closely related to tumor progression, lipid transport, inflammation, and related pathways. AG improves the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) through NF-κB/CEBPB/PPARG signaling in oxLDL-induced RAW264.7 cells.
Conclusion: We successfully predict AG’s potential targets and pathways in atherosclerosis and illustrate the mechanism of action. AG may regulate NF-κB/CEBPB/PPARG signaling to alleviate atherosclerosis.
Promoting mitochondrial fusion in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: a novel therapeutic target for cardioprotection
Authors: Maneechote Chayodom , Khuanjing Thawatchai , Ongnok Benjamin , Arinno Apiwan , Prathumsap Nanthip , Chunchai Titikorn , Arunsak Busarin , Nawara Wichwara , Chattipakorn Siriporn C. , Chattipakorn Nipon 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Changes in mitochondrial dynamics have been recognized as being one of the mechanisms related to cardiotoxicity following a high cumulative dose of doxorubicin (DOX). A mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (Mdivi-1) and fusion promoter (M1) have been shown to be cardioprotective in a variety of cardiovascular settings, however, their anticardiotoxic efficacy against DOX therapy remains unclear. We therefore investigated whether treatment with Mdivi-1 and M1 protects the heart against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity via mitochondria-targeted pathways. Male Wistar rats (n=40) received DOX (3 mg/kg, six doses, n=32) or 3% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in the normal saline solution (NSS) (n=8) as a control. DOX-injected rats were given one of four treatments beginning with the first DOX injection via intraperitoneal injection: 1) 3% DMSO in NSS (n=8), 2) Mdivi-1 (1.2 mg/kg per day, n=8), 3) M1 (2 mg/kg per day, n=8), and 4) Mdivi-1+M1 (n=8) for 30 days. Cardiac function, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, myocardial injury, and protein expression associated with inflammation, autophagy, mitophagy, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dynamics were determined. DOX caused a significant deterioration in mitochondrial function and dynamic regulation, and an increase in markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, myocardial injury, apoptosis, autophagy, and mitophagy, resulting in impaired cardiac function. Cotreatment of DOX with Mdivi-1, M1, or a combination of the two mitigated these detrimental effects of DOX. These findings imply that either inhibiting fission or promoting fusion of mitochondria protects the heart from DOX-induced myocardial damage. Modulation of mitochondrial dynamics could be a novel therapeutic target in alleviating DOX-induced cytotoxic effects without compromising its anticancer efficacy.
Diminished Rbfox1 increases vascular constriction by dynamically regulating alternative splicing of CaV1.2 calcium channel in hypertension
Authors: Song Miaomiao , Hou Wei , Mustafa Atta Ul , Li Pengpeng , Lei Jianzhen , Zhou Yingying , Ji Li , Sun Yu , Zhou Hongmei , Xu Yinyan , Wang Juejin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Calcium influx from depolarized CaV1.2 calcium channels triggers the contraction of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which is important for maintaining vascular myogenic tone and blood pressure. The function of CaV1.2 channel can be subtly modulated by alternative splicing (AS), and its aberrant splicing involves in the pathogenesis of multiple cardiovascular diseases. The RNA-binding protein Rbfox1 is reported to regulate the AS events of CaV1.2 channel in the neuronal development, but its potential roles in vascular CaV1.2 channels and vasoconstriction remain undefined. Here, we detect Rbfox1 is expressed in rat vascular smooth muscles. Moreover, the protein level of Rbfox1 is dramatically decreased in the hypertensive small arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats in comparison with normotensive ones from Wistar-Kyoto rats. In VSMCs, Rbfox1 could dynamically regulate the AS of CaV1.2 exons 9* and 33. By whole-cell patch clamp, we identify knockdown of Rbfox1 induces the hyperpolarization of CaV1.2 current–voltage relationship curve in VSMCs. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Rbfox1 increases the K+-induced constriction of rat mesenteric arteries. In summary, our results indicate Rbfox1 modulates vascular constriction by dynamically regulating CaV1.2 alternative exons 9* and 33. Therefore, our work elucidates the underlying mechanisms for CaV1.2 channels regulation and provides a potential therapeutic target for hypertension.
A new approach in electromagnetic plane wave diffraction by two concentric slotted cylinders with variably placed slits: E and H polarized cases
Authors: Karaçuha Kamil , Tabatadze Vasil , Alperen Ömer Faruk , Veliev Eldar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe study investigates the electromagnetic plane wave diffraction by two concentric slotted cylinders with variably placed slits. Unlike the previous studies, the effect of rotation on the resonance characteristics and near‐field distributions is analyzed in the present work, which is not studied yet. The study focuses on diffraction by both E‐ and H‐polarized plane waves. A semi‐analytical method is preferred to obtain the physical properties such as resonances and near and far‐field radiation patterns. The advantage of the method is to employ the analytical and numerical tools together. Due to having both E‐ and H‐polarized plane waves, Dirichlet and Neumann Boundary conditions are considered and analyzed, respectively. After obtaining the mathematical expressions for the current density, near and far‐field, and total radar cross‐section, the different results are compared with the Method of Moment and the Method of Auxiliary Sources. The comparison demonstrates that the proposed method coincides with other well‐known methods. The outcomes reveal that the aperture size and the rotation angle have a significant role in the radiation characteristics.
An effective utilization scheme for regenerative braking energy based on power regulation with a genetic algorithm
Authors: Che Cheng , Wang Yanwen , Lu Qiwei , Peng Jingjing , Liu Xianghong , Chen Yang , He Bangbang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo ensure that regenerative braking energy is fully utilized by traction trains in the whole railway power supply systems, an effective utilization scheme of the regenerative braking energy based on power regulation with a genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed in this paper. This scheme consists of railway power conditioners (RPCs), energy transfer converters (ETCs) and a central controller. A RPC connects the two power arms of each TS, and an ETC connects the two power arms of each section post (SP). The RPCs and ETCs are controlled to transfer the regenerative braking power distributed by the central controller, which is calculated by the GA. The detailed calculation steps are described. Moreover, the principle and control strategies of the negative sequence current compensation by the RPCs are given based on the optimization results of the GA. Finally, optimization calculations and hardware in loop (HIL) experiments were performed. The results show that the utilization rate of regenerative braking energy is about 93.3% and the three‐phase current imbalance is reduced by about 98.6% in the case system with the proposed scheme. This result verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed scheme.
Power system modelling as stochastic functional hybrid differential‐algebraic equations
Authors: Milano Federico , Liu Muyang , Murad Mohammed A. A. , Jónsdóttir Guðrún M. , Tzounas Georgios , Adeen Muhammad , Ortega Álvaro , Dassios Ioannis 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the software tools developed for the research project Advanced Modelling for Power System Analysis and Simulation (AMPSAS) funded by Science Foundation Ireland from 2016 to 2021. The main objective of AMPSAS was the development of novel analytical and computational tools to understand, efficiently design, and optimise ever‐changing modern power systems and smart grids, through model‐based approaches. In particular, the paper discusses (i) stochastic differential equations for modelling power systems, which are subject to large stochastic perturbations (e.g. wind and solar generation); (ii) the effect of controller and modelling imperfections, for example, delays, discontinuities, and digital signals, on both local and area‐wide regulators in power systems; and (iii) the stability analysis and dynamic performance of power systems modelled through stochastic, delay and hybrid implicit differential‐algebraic equations. The software tool developed during the execution of AMPSAS integrates areas of applied mathematics, automatic control, and computer science. Several implementation features and open challenges of this software tool are also discussed in the paper. A variety of examples that illustrates the features of this software tool are based on a dynamic model of the all‐island Irish transmission system.
Spinning nano-carbon grains: Viable origin for anomalous microwave emission
Authors: Ysard N. , Miville-Deschênes M.-A. , Verstraete L. , Jones A. P. 
Published: May 2022

Context.Excess microwave emission, commonly known as anomalous microwave emission (AME), is now routinely detected in the Milky Way. Although its link with the rotation of interstellar (carbonaceous) nano-grains seems to be relatively well established at cloud scales, large-scale observations show a lack of correlation between the different tracers of nano-carbons and AME, which has led the community to question the viability of this link.Aims.Using ancillary data and spinning dust models for nano-carbons and nano-silicates, we explore the extent to which the AME that come out of the Galactic Plane might originate with one or another carrier.Methods.In contrast to previous large-scale studies, our method is not built on comparing the correlations of the different dust tracers with each other, but rather on comparing the poor correlations predicted by the models with observed correlations. This is based on estimates that are as realistic as possible of the gas ionisation state and grain charge as a function of the local radiation field and gas density.Results.First, nano-carbon dust can explain all the observations for medium properties, in agreement with the latest findings about the separation of cold and warm neutral medium in the diffuse interstellar medium. The dispersion in the observations can be accounted for with little variations in the dust size distribution, abundance, or electric dipole moment. Second, regardless of the properties and abundance of the nano-silicate dust we considered, spinning nano-silicates are excluded as the sole source of the AME. Third, the best agreement with the observations is obtained when the emission of spinning nano-carbons alone is taken into account. However, a marginal participation of nano-silicates in AME production cannot be excluded as long as their abundance does not exceedYSi∼ 1%.
Perspectives of Evidence-Based Therapy Management
Authors: Kiessling Fabian , Schulz Volkmar 
Published: May 2022

Background Therapeutics that specifically address biological processes often require a much finer selection of patients and subclassification of diseases. Thus, diagnostic procedures must describe the diseases in sufficient detail to allow selection of appropriate therapy and to sensitively track therapy response. Anatomical features are often not sufficient for this purpose and there is a need to image molecular and pathophysiological processes.
Method Two imaging strategies can be pursued: molecular imaging attempts to image a few biomarkers that play key roles in pathological processes. Alternatively, patterns describing a biological process can be identified from the synopsis of multiple (non-specific) imaging markers, possibly in combination with omics and other clinical findings. Here, AI-based methods are increasingly being used.
Results Both strategies of evidence-based therapy management are explained in this review article and examples and clinical successes are presented. In this context, reviews of clinically approved molecular diagnostics and decision support systems are listed. Furthermore, since reliable, representative, and sufficiently large datasets are further important prerequisites for AI-assisted multiparametric analyses, concepts are presented to make data available in a structured way, e. g., using Generative Adversarial Networks to complement databases with virtual cases and to build completely anonymous reference databases.
Conclusion Molecular imaging and computer-assisted cluster analysis of diagnostic data are complementary methods to describe pathophysiological processes. Both methods have the potential to improve (evidence-based) the future management of therapies, partly on their own but also in combined approaches.
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CT Findings in Patients with COVID-19-Compatible Symptoms but Initially Negative qPCR Test
Authors: Valentin Birte , Steuwe Andrea , Wienemann Tobias , Andree Marcel , Keitel Verena , Ljimani Alexandra , Appel Elisabeth , Köhler Marie-Helen , Rademacher Christin , Antoch Gerald , Aissa Joel 
Published: May 2022

Purpose To assess whether it is possible to reliably detect patients with strong suspicion of COVID-19 despite initially negative quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction (qPCR) tests by means of computed tomography (CT).
Materials and Methods 437 patients with suspected COVID-19 but initially negative qPCR and subsequent chest CT between March 13 and November 30, 2020 were included in this retrospective study. CT findings were compared to results of successive qPCR tests (minimum of 3 qPCR tests if CT suggested infection) to determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of CT for diagnosing COVID-19.
Results COVID-19 was diagnosed correctly with a sensitivity of 100 % [95 % confidence interval (CI): 65–100] and a specificity of 88 % [95 % CI: 84–90]. A PPV of 12 % [95 % CI: 6–22] and an NPV of 100 % [95 % CI: 99–100] were determined.
Conclusion CT is able to detect COVID-19 before qPCR in initially negative patients in this special study setting. Similar CT findings in COVID-19 and other atypical pneumonias can lead to high numbers of false-positive patients, reducing the specificity of CT.
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