bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual impairment due to age‐related macular degeneration during 40 years in Finland and the impact of novel therapies
Authors: Purola Petri , Kaarniranta Kai , Ojamo Matti , Gissler Mika , Uusitalo Hannu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the changes in visual impairment (VI) due to age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) during the past 40 years and the impact of novel therapies at population level.MethodsIn this nationwide register‐based study, we assessed the incidence, prevalence, severity, and onset age of VI due to AMD based on the Finnish Register of Visual Impairment data from 1980 to 2019. Our data included 30 016 visually impaired persons with AMD as the main diagnosis for VI. The number of persons treated with intravitreal injections in Finland was obtained from hospital data kept by the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare.ResultsBetween the 1980s and the 2010s, the incidence of reported VI doubled; however, this increase has stagnated in the 2010s. Since 2012, the prevalence of reported VI has decreased. The number of patients treated with intravitreal injections showed a 40‐fold increase during 2005–2019. The severity of reported VI has decreased whereas the mean age at the onset of reported VI has increased during the 40 years. The age‐adjusted incidence and prevalence of reported VI were significantly higher in females in comparison to males in all decades.ConclusionIncrease in the incidence and prevalence of VI due to AMD in the past decades has stagnated and shifted to older age in the 2010s when therapies for exudative class became commonly available. Furthermore, the prognosis of VI has improved during the past 40 years. These positive trends are likely contributable to improved diagnostic tools, earlier diagnoses, and new therapy options.
Affirmative action in healthcare resource allocation: Vaccines, ventilators and race
Authors: Zohny Hazem , Davies Ben , Wilkinson Dominic 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article is about the potential justification for deploying some form of affirmative action (AA) in the context of healthcare, and in particular in relation to the pandemic. We call this Affirmative Action in healthcare Resource Allocation (AARA). Specifically, we aim to investigate whether the rationale and justifications for using prioritization policies based on race in education and employment apply in a healthcare setting, and in particular to the COVID‐19 pandemic. We concentrate in this article on vaccines and ventilators because these are both highly scarce resources in the pandemic, and there has been a need to develop policies for allocating them. However, as will become clear, the ethical considerations relating to them may diverge. We first set out two rationales for AAs and what they might entail in a healthcare setting. We then consider some disanalogies between AA and AARA, as well as the different implications of AARA for allocating ventilators as opposed to vaccines. Finally, we consider some of the practical ways in which AARA could be implemented, and conclude by responding to some key objections.
Moral enhancement, acquired virtue, and theism: A response to Brummett and Crutchfield
Authors: Colgrove Nicholas , McAllister Derek , Rea Burke 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecently, Brummett and Crutchfield advanced two critiques of theists who object to moral enhancement. First, a conceptual critique: theists who oppose moral enhancement commonly do so because virtue is thought to be acquired only via a special kind of process. Enhancement does not involve such processes. Hence, enhancement cannot produce virtue. Yet theists also commonly claim that God is perfectly virtuous and not subject to processes. If virtue requires a process and God is perfectly virtuous without a process, however, then theists contradict themselves. Second, a moral critique: theists who reject moral enhancement are selfish, because accepting moral enhancement would (allegedly) reduce widespread suffering. Theists often condemn selfishness, however. By condemning selfishness and (simultaneously) rejecting enhancement, therefore, theists contradict themselves yet again. We argue that both critiques fail. Both substantially misrepresent their target. First, Brummett and Crutchfield confuse metaphysical enhancement (attempts to alter human nature) with moral enhancement (attempts to become better human beings). Authors that Brummett and Crutchfield cite object to the former, not the latter. Second, both conceptual and moral critiques overlook the many resources within theistic traditions that can quickly resolve relevant (alleged) contradictions. The conceptual critique, for example, misrepresents both common views held among theists (regarding God's virtue) and the ways in which virtue may be acquired. Similarly, the moral critique mischaracterizes the relationship commonly posited by theists between enhancement and agency. By attending to what theists actually claim—rather than relying on caricatures—it becomes clear that each of Brummett and Crutchfield's critiques fail.
Emotion‐related impulsivity and suicidal ideation: Towards a more specific model
Authors: Anvar Sarah , Swerdlow Benjamin A. , Jobes David , Timpano Kiara R. , Mandel Abby Adler , Kleiman Evan , Joiner Thomas , Johnson Sheri L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesSuicidal ideation is a pervasive and painful experience that varies considerably in its phenomenology. Here, we consider how one key risk variable might inform our understanding of variation in suicidal ideation: emotion‐related impulsivity, the trait‐like tendency towards unconstrained speech, behaviour, and cognition in the face of intense emotions. We hypothesized that emotion‐related impulsivity would be tied to specific features, including severity, perceived lack of controllability, more rapidly fluctuating course, higher scores on a measure of acute suicidal affective disturbance, and more emotional and cognitive disturbance as antecedents.MethodsWe recruited two samples of adults (Ns = 421, 221) through Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk), with oversampling of those with suicidal ideation. Both samples completed psychometrically sound self‐report measures online to assess emotion‐ and non‐emotion‐related dimensions of impulsivity and characteristics of suicidal ideation.ResultsOne form of emotion‐related impulsivity related to the severity, uncontrollability, dynamic course, and affective and cognitive precursors of ideation.ConclusionsDespite limitations of the cross‐sectional design and self‐report measures, the current findings highlight the importance of specificity in considering key dimensions of impulsivity and suicidal ideation.
“Peasants, Farmers, and Tractor Drivers”: Exploring the Power Relations between the Public Authorities and the Neo‐peasant Movement in Catalonia, Spain
Authors: Hummel Agata , Escribano Paula 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article focuses on power relations between the rural public authorities and the neo‐peasant movement in Catalonia (Spain). On the one hand, the public authorities promote a productivism‐oriented, professional model of farming informed by the Common Agricultural Policy. This policy results in the gradual disappearance of small‐scale agriculture. On the other hand, the neo‐peasant movement resists the productivist model of agriculture, proposing a new reinvented peasant model. We focus on how the discourses—images and labels—associated with these different models of agriculture are reproduced, perpetuated, and internalized by the different actors who use them to exercise power or resistance. More specifically, we analyze how the use of the concept of “professional farmer” is constructed as a new subjectivity and acts to exclude the peasant model of agriculture. We also explore how the concept of the “peasant” is used to resist this process of exclusion.
From pattern to process? Dual travelling waves, with contrasting propagation speeds, best describe a self‐organised spatio‐temporal pattern in population growth of a cyclic rodent
Authors: Roos Deon , Caminero‐Saldaña Constantino , Elston David , Mougeot François , García‐Ariza María Carmen , Arroyo Beatriz , Luque‐Larena Juan José , Revilla Francisco Javier Rojo , Lambin Xavier 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe dynamics of cyclic populations distributed in space result from the relative strength of synchronising influences and the limited dispersal of destabilising factors (activators and inhibitors), known to cause multi‐annual population cycles. However, while each of these have been well studied in isolation, there is limited empirical evidence of how the processes of synchronisation and activation–inhibition act together, largely owing to the scarcity of datasets with sufficient spatial and temporal scale and resolution. We assessed a variety of models that could be underlying the spatio‐temporal pattern, designed to capture both theoretical and empirical understandings of travelling waves using large‐scale (>35,000 km2), multi‐year (2011–2017) field monitoring data on abundances of common vole (Microtus arvalis), a cyclic agricultural rodent pest. We found most support for a pattern formed from the summation of two radial travelling waves with contrasting speeds that together describe population growth rates across the region.
Comparison of machine learning and stress concentration factors‐based fatigue failure prediction in small‐scale butt‐welded joints
Authors: Braun Moritz , Kellner Leon 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFatigue behavior of welded joints is significantly influenced by numerous factors, for example, local weld geometry. A representative quantity for the influence of the notch effect created by the local weld geometry is the stress concentration factor (SCF). Thus, SCFs are often used to estimate fatigue failure locations and fatigue strength; however, this simplifies the mutual effect of other influencing factors. Consequently, fatigue strength estimates for welded joints may deviate from experimental results. Machine learning techniques offer an alternative to traditional fatigue assessment approaches based on SCFs. This study presents a comparison of failure location predictions and number of cycles to failure for 621 fatigue tests of small‐scale butt‐welded joints. In addition, an understanding of importance and mutual influence of the factors is desired. We used gradient boosted trees in combination with the SHapley Additive exPlanation framework to identify influential features and their interactions.
Understanding, detecting, and deterring faking on interest inventories
Authors: Wegmeyer Lauren J. , Speer Andrew B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThree recent meta‐analyses have found that interests, regardless of scoring method (e.g., summative or congruence) are valid predictors of performance in employment contexts. As these inventories gain popularity as a prehire assessment, it is important to understand whether interest assessments are susceptible to faking (i.e., applicant response distortion) similar to how personality assessments are. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether interest inventories are susceptible to faking and whether faking can be detected and prevented using similar methods as what is commonly used for faking of personality assessments. Measures of forced‐choice and single‐stimulus interests, personality, general mental ability (GMA), and impression management (IM) were collected from 236 participants across honest and faked instructions. Findings suggest that individuals were capable of faking interest inventories, but surprisingly, the effect did not vary greatly as a function of format or scoring method. Further, GMA was not strongly related to faking interests, whereas faking of personality scales was. In efforts to detect interest faking, IM scores outperformed covariances indices in distinguishing between honest and faked scores.
Location choice for large‐scale battery manufacturing plants: Exploring the role of clean energy, costs, and knowledge on location decisions in Europe
Authors: Asaba Marius Chofor , Duffner Fabian , Frieden Florian , Leker Jens , von Delft Stephan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDriven by an increase in the demand for battery electric vehicles, the location of large‐scale battery manufacturing plants, that is, gigafactories, has become a substantial and burgeoning topic in academia, policy, and industry. This study contributes to this debate by examining how a country's specific battery manufacturing costs and knowledge and the environmental impact of its energy mix affect the choice of location for gigafactories in the European Union. We found that France, Latvia, and Germany are suitable locations when equally balancing costs, knowledge, and energy. However, our results also showed that no country leads in all three dimensions, suggesting that there is no single best location to set up gigafactories. Instead, the choice will depend on the battery manufacturer's requirements. Here, we contribute an analysis of various combinations of costs, knowledge, and energy to identify suitable locations. Moreover, we provide a sensitivity analysis to test the robustness of our framework and to explore whether countries with a clean energy mix, such as Sweden, become suitable locations. The findings of our study will assist battery producers in identifying a suitable location for their gigafactories and will provide the basis for policymakers to attract battery manufacturing by directing investments into clean energy.
Integrating citizen deliberation into climate governance: Lessons on robust design from six climate assemblies
Authors: Boswell John , Dean Rikki , Smith Graham 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecent years have seen a “wave” of national climate assemblies, which bring together randomly‐selected citizens to deliberate and make recommendations on aspects of the climate crisis. Assessments of the legitimacy of these interventions and their capacity to improve climate governance have focused on their internal design characteristics, but the fundamental question of how they are integrated into complex constellations of political and policy institutions is underexplored. This article constructs a framework for understanding their integrative design characteristics, drawing on recent work on “robust governance.” The framework is used to explore the connection of six national‐level climate assemblies with political institutions, public debate, and civil society. Our findings highlight significant variety in the integrative design of these climate assemblies. This variety challenges the view of assemblies as a standardized object with predictable effects on legitimacy and governance capacity, while also refining deliberative systems theory's highly abstracted conceptions of integration and impact.
Family communication patterns and young adults' trait autonomy over time
Authors: Jiao Jian , Wang Jingyu , Fu Xiaolei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResearch shows that individuals develop stable tendencies to be more or less autonomous (i.e., trait autonomy) from social and personal experiences. This study, from a family communication perspective, aimed to examine how family communication patterns (i.e., conversation and conformity orientations) affected young adult children's trait autonomy. Longitudinal data at two time points over a year were collected from 190 young adult children (M age = 25.63 years at T1, 45.3% female) recruited from CloudResearch in the United States. Results showed that at the low level of conformity orientation, conversation orientation prospectively and positively predicted young adults' trait autonomy over time. The findings suggest that pluralistic families (i.e., high conversation and low conformity) might provide the most optimal family environment for the child to develop high trait autonomy that further leads to a multitude of benefits.
Behavioral strategies for periodontal health
Authors: Suvan Jean E. , Sabalic Maja , Araújo Mário R. , Ramseier Christoph A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe impact of lifestyle factors has been increasingly studied and discussed in oral healthcare. Positive lifestyle factors are important in maintaining oral health or controlling disease, but they are not easy to adopt over the long term. Along with public health initiatives within communities and groups, there is a role for behavior change interventions delivered in dental practice settings to improve the periodontal health of individuals. Behavior management is now seen as a part of both prevention and therapy of periodontal diseases. This article summarizes the evidence on behavioral strategies for periodontal health to inform and assist oral healthcare professionals in implementing behavior change in their practice. In addition, strategies for education and training in communication and behavior change techniques are considered.
Genomic selection and its research progress in aquaculture breeding
Authors: Song Hailiang , Dong Tian , Yan Xiaoyu , Wang Wei , Tian Zhaohui , Sun Ai , Dong Ying , Zhu Hua , Hu Hongxia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSince its introduction in 2001, genomic selection (GS) has progressed rapidly. As a research and application hot topic, GS has led to a revolution in the field of animal and plant breeding. Thanks to its ability to overcome the shortcomings of traditional breeding methods, GS has garnered increasing attention. Both theoretical and practical breeding studies have revealed the higher accuracy of GS than that of traditional breeding, which can accelerate genetic gain. In recent years, many GS studies have been conducted on aquaculture species, which have shown that GS produces higher prediction accuracy than traditional pedigree‐based method. The present study reviews the principles and processes, preconditions, advantages, analytical methods and factors influencing GS as well as the progress of research in aquaculture into these aspects. Furthermore, future directions of GS in aquaculture are also discussed, which should expand its application to more aquaculture species.
Hepatosplenic lymphoma and visceral mast cell tumor in the liver of a dog with synchronous and multiple primary tumors
Authors: Akiyoshi Makoto , Hisasue Masaharu , Asakawa Midori Goto , Neo Sakurako , Akiyoshi Masami 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn 11‐year‐old spayed female American Cocker Spaniel was presented with a 4‐week history of anorexia and a 1‐week history of abdominal distension. Clinicopathologic and imaging abnormalities included intra‐abdominal hemorrhage, granular lymphocytes (GLs) in abdominal fluid smears, a splenic mass, and hepatomegaly with diffuse multiple hypoechogenic nodules. Based on the cytologic, histologic, and immunohistochemical evaluation of the spleen and liver, the diagnosis was hepatosplenic T‐cell lymphoma (HSTCL) of GLs. Postoperatively, the dog was maintained in good condition with chemotherapy (ACNU [nimustine], L‐asparaginase, and prednisolone). However, on day 85, ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration of the liver revealed a proliferation in neoplastic mast cells not associated with the GLs. The dog was diagnosed with a visceral mast cell tumor (MCT) originating from the liver. The chemotherapy was switched to vinblastine and toceranib. The dog remained in good condition until day 141 but died due to the progression of MCT on day 158. Liver cytology on day 155 showed no GLs, although HSTCL is thought to be resistant to chemotherapy. After the definitive diagnosis of HSTCL, we monitored this patient's response to chemotherapy with blood tests, including complete blood counts, ultrasound imaging, and cytologic aspirates of liver. Although canine HSTCL has a poor prognosis, the possibility of a new neoplasm, including visceral MCT, should be considered. Periodic liver cytology might be worthwhile in dogs receiving chemotherapy for HSTCL.
Model Predictive Tracking Control With Parameter Estimation for Spin-Stabilized Indirect Fire Symmetric Projectiles
Authors: Nash Austin L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Impact point prediction, estimation, and control is a critical component of many smart weapons applications. In this work, I propose a method for estimating and controlling impact points of indirect fire launches for a spin-stabilized symmetric projectile with forward-mounted canard actuators. My method uses an algebraic point mass model to enable parameter estimation for time-varying parameters within a separate linear prediction model that can be leveraged for real-time impact point control. The point mass model also serves as the basis for a reference trajectory for any launch condition and thus eliminates the need for obtaining preloaded reference trajectories. I then use a linear prediction model in conjunction with the parameter estimates to synthesize a linear MPC tracking control algorithm for projectile impact point control. The MPC tracking controller allows incorporation of actuator saturation constraints and is shown to successfully guide a set of indirect fire launches toward a desired downrange target. A comparative case study to existing work in the literature shows that the proposed method results in a 56% reduction in the CEP radius, which is a prescribed radius such that half of the points of a given set lie within the circle, for a set of 50 yaw and pitch launch angle pairs.
Propulsive Effect of Wall Vibrations
Authors: Haq N. N. , Floryan J. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Propulsion generated by wall vibrations in the form of traveling waves was investigated. A model problem consisting of two parallel plates free to move with respect to each other was used. Vibration of one of these plates generated movement of the other plate, whose velocity was used to assess the effectiveness of such propulsion. Three types of responses were identified: a “sloshing” response for long waves, a “moving wall” response for short waves, and an “intermediate” response for in-between waves. Long and transitional waves produced propulsion of marginal interest. Short waves produced effective propulsion with the velocity of the plate increasing proportionally to the second power of the wave number and the second power of the amplitude, and approximately proportionally to the wave velocity. The vibrating wall appeared in this limit to the bulk of the fluid as a moving wall. The effectiveness of vibrations significantly increased by tilting waves. The best response for short fast waves was achieved using adjacent discrete elements spaced by about three-fourths of the wavelength. An analysis of waves of arbitrary shapes demonstrated that concentrating the vibration energy in the largest available and dominant wave number (monochromatic waves) resulted in the best system performance.
General Solution for Self-Similar Mixing Layers
Authors: DeVoria A. C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this note, a longstanding indeterminacy in the solution of self-similar planar mixing layers is resolved. It is shown that the boundary condition that offers the largest set of self-similar solutions is the specification of the vertical velocity at infinity, which also quantifies the value of the stream function and the net inflow/outflow there. This is referred to as the entrainment boundary condition. Other conditions that have been suggested to close the problem yield a subset of solutions and thus represent a loss of generality. The entrainment boundary condition determines the spatial growth rate and the spreading parameter for a given mixing layer, which were previously thought to be determined through experiment and empirical matching to a linearized version of the problem. These statements are validated using existing experimental data.