bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eating disorder behaviors as predictors of suicidal ideation among people with an eating disorder
Authors: Joiner Thomas E. , Robison Morgan , McClanahan Susan , Riddle Megan , Manwaring Jamie , Rienecke Renee D. , Le Grange Daniel , Duffy Alan , Mehler Philip S. , Blalock Dan V. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveSuicidality is known to be elevated among people with an eating disorder. The aim of the current study was to examine whether any of three specific behavioral facets of eating disorders (i.e., purging, binge eating, restricting) would be the strongest predictors of suicidal ideation, controlling for one another, in longitudinal analyses from admission to discharge. We hypothesized that purging, above and beyond restricting or binge eating, would be the most important predictor of suicidal ideation.MethodIn the present study, patients with an eating disorder (N = 936), the majority of whom met criteria for a current DSM‐5 diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa (n = 560), completed the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory (EPSI) and the Beck Depression Inventory II‐Item 9 suicidal ideation index, at admission and again at discharge. The settings were eating disorder treatment facilities offering inpatient, residential, partial hospitalization program (PHP), and intensive outpatient (IOP) levels of care. We pitted EPSI purging, EPSI restriction, and EPSI binge eating against one another in a regression framework predicting discharge suicidal ideation controlling for suicidal ideation at admission.ResultsEPSI Purging significantly predicted both presence/absence of suicidal ideation (β = .22, t = 2.48, p = .01; OR = 1.25, 95% CI [1.05, 1.49]) and intensity of suicidal ideation (β = .04, t = 2.31, p = .02) at discharge, whereas neither EPSI Restricting nor EPSI Binge Eating did (p > .30).DiscussionStudy results suggest that purging may have particular relevance in estimating suicide risk in patients with an eating disorder.
Forecasting shifts in habitat suitability of three marine predators suggests a rapid decline in inter‐specific overlap under future climate change
Authors: van Beest Floris M. , Dietz Rune , Galatius Anders , Kyhn Line Anker , Sveegaard Signe , Teilmann Jonas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUnderstanding how environmental and climate change can alter habitat overlap of marine predators has great value for the management and conservation of marine ecosystems. Here, we estimated spatiotemporal changes in habitat suitability and inter‐specific overlap among three marine predators: Baltic gray seals (Halichoerus grypus), harbor seals (Phoca vitulina), and harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) under contemporary and future conditions. Location data (>200 tagged individuals) were collected in the southwestern region of the Baltic Sea; one of the fastest‐warming semi‐enclosed seas in the world. We used the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) algorithm to estimate changes in total area size and overlap of species‐specific habitat suitability between 1997–2020 and 2091–2100. Predictor variables included environmental and climate‐sensitive oceanographic conditions in the area. Sea‐level rise, sea surface temperature, and salinity data were taken from representative concentration pathways [RCPs] scenarios 6.0 and 8.5 to forecast potential climate change effects. Model output suggested that habitat suitability of Baltic gray seals will decline over space and time, driven by changes in sea surface salinity and a loss of currently available haulout sites following sea‐level rise in the future. A similar, although weaker, effect was observed for harbor seals, while suitability of habitat for harbor porpoises was predicted to increase slightly over space and time. Inter‐specific overlap in highly suitable habitats was also predicted to increase slightly under RCP scenario 6.0 when compared to contemporary conditions, but to disappear under RCP scenario 8.5. Our study suggests that marine predators in the southwestern Baltic Sea may respond differently to future climatic conditions, leading to divergent shifts in habitat suitability that are likely to decrease inter‐specific overlap over time and space. We conclude that climate change can lead to a marked redistribution of area use by marine predators in the region, which may influence local food‐web dynamics and ecosystem functioning.
Phenotypic dissimilarity index: Correcting for intra‐ and interindividual variability when quantifying phenotypic variation
Authors: Puglielli Giacomo , Carmona Carlos P. , Varone Laura , Laanisto Lauri , Ricotta Carlo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn trait‐based ecology, phenotypic variation (PVar) is often quantified with measures expressing average differences between populations standardized in the range 0–1. However, these measures disregard the within‐population trait variability. In addition, some of them cannot be partitioned between populations. These aspects can either alter their interpretation or limit their applicability. To overcome these problems, we propose a new measure, the phenotypic dissimilarity (PhD) index, to quantify PVar between populations in scenarios of varying within‐population interindividual trait variability. PhD can also quantify within‐population PVar while accounting for intraindividual trait variability. Using simulated and real data, we show that using the PhD index becomes important when the within‐population trait variability is not negligible, as in all ecological studies. By accounting for within‐population trait variability, the PhD index does not overestimate PVar across an environmental gradient compared to other estimators. Traits inherently vary within species. Accounting for such variability is essential to understanding species’ phenotypic responses to environmental cues. The proposed PhD index will provide ecologists with a tool for quantifying PVar within species and compare it between species at different levels of biological organization. We provide an R function to calculate the PhD index.
Efficacy and safety of vericiguat in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction treated with sacubitril/valsartan: insights from the VICTORIA trial
Authors: Senni Michele , Alemayehu Wendimagegn G. , Sim David , Edelmann Frank , Butler Javed , Ezekowitz Justin , Hernandez Adrian F. , Lam Carolyn S.P. , O'Connor Christopher M. , Pieske Burkert , Ponikowski Piotr , Roessig Lothar , Voors Adriaan A. , Westerhout Cynthia M. , McMullan Ciaran , Armstrong Paul W. ,   for the VICTORIA Study Group
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimWe assessed a subset of the 5040 patients in VICTORIA receiving sacubitril/valsartan, either at randomization (n = 731) or post‐randomization drop‐in use (n = 425), to evaluate the relationship between the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with vericiguat.Methods and resultsThe efficacy of vericiguat on the primary composite endpoint, heart failure (HF) hospitalization, and all‐cause mortality was assessed. Safety outcomes included symptomatic hypotension, syncope, worsening renal function, and hyperkalaemia. At randomization, 731 patients received sacubitril/valsartan; they were more frequently from Western Europe or North America, had lower ejection fraction and systolic blood pressure, and more use of triple background HF therapy (65.9% vs. 58.6%), biventricular pacemakers (17.9% vs. 14.1%), or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (42.3% vs. 25.3%). For patients on versus not on sacubitril/valsartan at randomization, adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for vericiguat's treatment effect on the primary composite outcome, cardiovascular death, and HF hospitalization were 0.92 (0.71–1.19) versus 0.89 (0.80–0.98), 0.71 (0.45–1.12) versus 0.95 (0.82–1.11), and 0.98 (0.74–1.29) versus 0.87 (0.78–0.98), respectively. No significant interaction existed between sacubitril/valsartan and vericiguat's treatment effect (p‐values for interaction: 0.81, 0.23 and 0.47, respectively). Post‐randomization, more drop‐in sacubitril/valsartan use occurred in those assigned to placebo (n = 238) versus vericiguat (n = 187) (p = 0.007). Symptomatic hypotension (21.0% vs. 23.1%; p = 0.41), renal dysfunction (29.9% vs. 31.9%; p = 0.50), and hyperkalaemia (10.3% vs. 7.9%; p = 0.20) in patients receiving sacubitril/valsartan (n = 992) for ≥3 months were not different by treatment arm.ConclusionsConcomitant use of sacubitril/valsartan for at least 3 months did not alter the efficacy of vericiguat and was similarly safe and tolerated in both study arms. Sacubitril/valsartan was initiated more frequently after randomization in patients assigned to placebo versus vericiguat.Clinical Trial Registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02861534.
An international Delphi consensus regarding best practice recommendations for hyperkalaemia across the cardiorenal spectrum
Authors: Burton James O. , Coats Andrew J.S. , Kovesdy Csaba P. , Palmer Biff F. , Piña Ileana L. , Rosano Giuseppe , Sood Manish M. , Zieroth Shelley 
Published: July 2022

AimsRenin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) are guideline‐recommended therapy for individuals with cardiorenal disease. They are associated with increased risk of hyperkalaemia, a common and life‐threatening disorder for this population. RAASi‐induced hyperkalaemia often leads to dose reduction or discontinuation, reducing cardiorenal protection. Guideline recommendations differ between specialties for the clinical management of hyperkalaemia. Using a modified Delphi method, we developed consensus recommendations for optimal management of hyperkalaemia in adults with cardiorenal disease.Methods and resultsAn international steering group of cardiologists and nephrologists developed 39 statements regarding hyperkalaemia care, including risk factors and risk stratification, prevention, correction, and cross‐specialty coordination. Consensus was determined by agreement on an online questionnaire administered to cardiorenal specialists across Europe and North America. The threshold for consensus agreement was established a priori by the steering group at 67%. Across November 2021, 520 responses were received from Canada (n = 50), France (n = 50), Germany (n = 54), Italy (n = 58), Spain (n = 57), the UK (n = 49), and the US (n = 202); 268 from cardiologists and 252 from nephrologists. Twenty‐nine statements attained very high agreement (≥90%) and 10 attained high agreement (≥67%–<90%), with strong alignment between cardiologists and nephrologists.ConclusionA high degree of consensus regarding hyperkalaemia evaluation and management exists among healthcare professionals. Based on high levels of agreement, the steering group derived six key recommendations for hyperkalaemia prevention and management in people with cardiorenal disease. Future studies examining the quality of hyperkalaemia care delivery are required.
Influence of Isovalent Partial Sulfur Substitution on the Structural, Thermal, Electrical and Spectroscopic Properties of La2Mo2O9 Oxide Ion Conductors
Authors: Dammak Khouloud , Mhadhbi Noureddine , Tozri Anowar , Naïli Houcine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPartial substitution of molybdenum by sulfur on the solid solution La2Mo2‐ySyO9 (0.1≤y≤0.3) is carried out by using the lanthanum oxysulfate (La2SO6) via a solid‐state reaction. Substitution rates are 5 mol % S, 10 mol % S and 15 mol % S. Structural and vibrational characteristics of La2Mo2‐ySyO9 are revealed via XRD, thermal analysis, electrical properties as well as spectroscopic investigations. Results show the alteration of the reversible first order phase transition that commonly happens in La2Mo2O9 at around 580 °C from a monoclinic ordered α form at low temperature to a cubic disordered β phase at high temperature. Crystallization of the studied LAMOX specimens occurs in the non‐centrosymmetric space group P213. The sintered samples’ annealing occurs at 850 °C and they are shaped into pellets for electrical properties determination. The Arrhenius law is activated below 580 °C. Above this thermal threshold, a Vogel Tamman Fulcher behavior is depicted. In addition, conductivity decreases in all samples as compared to the undoped composite. Ultimately, the observed vibrational modes in Raman and IR are assigned to the vibrations of molybdate MoO42− and sulfate SO42− groups.
High Performance Cobalt‐Vanadium Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets for Photoelectrochemical Reduction of Nitrogen
Authors: Ye Wen , He Chengyou , Asim Mushtaq Muhammad , Lin Kun , Xing Xianran 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPhotoelectrochemical (PEC) nitrogen reduction to ammonia under ambient conditions is an efficient and environmentally friendly alternative to the traditional Haber‐Bosch process. However, ambient nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) still faces numerous challenges like high reaction barrier, onset of competitive hydrogen evolution reaction at low potential, low ammonia yields, and poor selectivities. Herein, for the first time, we take advantage of the nanosheet structure of layered double hydroxide (LDH) materials to develop CoV‐LDH nanosheet arrays as PEC NRR catalytic materials. By tuning the Co/V ratio, the optimized Co2V1‐LDH nanosheet material is capable to accelerate the N≡N bond cleavage, providing a large number of exposed active sites, and improving the catalytic activity. The developed Co2V1‐LDH photocathode attained a high NH3 yield rate (8.97×10−7 mol h−1 cm−2) and high Faradaic efficiency (52.4 %) at −0.2 V vs. RHE. Notably, Co2V1‐LDH exhibits excellent durability over five consecutive reaction cycles. Therefore, this work provides a basis to further design and explore the efficient materials for ambient photoelectrocatalytic nitrogen fixation.
Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Reactions and Solid‐Phase Synthesis: A Convenient Blend
Authors: Cornier Patricia G. , Delpiccolo Carina M. L. , Martiren Nadia L. , Mata Ernesto G. , Mendez Luciana , Squizatto Caterina Permingeat , Pizzio Marianela G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTransition metal‐catalyzed, C−C and C−N bond‐forming reactions have made an enormous impact in the way complex molecules are assembled. The benefits of solid‐phase chemistry soon made this type of reaction applicable to solid‐supported processes. In this review, we report the most recent applications and possibilities of this combination. Remarkably, the solid‐phase CuAAC and ring‐closing metathesis have demonstrated an important role in synthetic biology, alike more traditional Pd‐catalyzed reactions, such as Suzuki‐Miyaura, Heck, Sonogashira, which are valuable tools for accessing libraries of biologically relevant small molecules. Examples proved the validity of solid‐phase transition metal‐catalyzed reactions as a practical and fast strategy to cover the current organic chemistry demands.
Base‐Catalysed (4+2)‐Annulation Between 2‐Nitrobenzofurans and N‐Alkoxyacrylamides: Synthesis of [3,2‐b]Benzofuropyridinones
Authors: Rao Gunda Ananda , Gurubrahamam Ramani , Chen Kwunmin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAn efficient protocol for base‐catalysed (4+2) annulation between 2‐nitrobenzofuran and N‐alkoxyacrylamide was developed. The corresponding 1‐alkoxy‐3,4‐dihydrobenzofuro[3,2‐b]pyridin‐2(1H)‐ones were obtained in high to excellent yields by organic base catalysis. In addition, a dearomative nitrotetrahydrobenzofuro[3,2‐b]pyridin‐2(3H)‐ones were also obtained in high yields in the presence of an inorganic base. The advantages of this methodology include easily accessible starting materials, simple operational procedures, broad substrate scope, and synthetically useful yields at milder reaction conditions.
Coupling solar‐driven interfacial evaporation with forward osmosis for continuous water treatment
Authors: Song Xiangju , Dong Weichao , Zhang Yajing , Abdel‐Ghafar Hamdy Maamoun , Toghan Arafat , Jiang Heqing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractForward osmosis (FO) driven by osmotic pressure difference has great potential in water treatment. However, it remains a challenge to maintain a steady water flux at continuous operation. Herein, a FO and photothermal evaporation (PE) coupling system (FO‐PE) based on high‐performance polyamide FO membrane and photothermal polypyrrole nano‐sponge (PPy/sponge) is developed for continuous FO separation with a steady water flux. The PE unit with a photothermal PPy/sponge floating on the surface of draw solution (DS) can continuously in situ concentrate DS by solar‐driven interfacial water evaporation, which effectively offsets the dilution effect due to the injected water from FO unit. A good balance between the permeated water in FO and the evaporated water in PE can be established by coordinately regulating the initial concentration of DS and light intensity. As a consequence, the polyamide FO membrane exhibits a steady water flux of 11.7 L m–2 h–1 over time under FO coupling PE condition, effectively alleviating the decline in water flux under FO alone. Additionally, it shows a low reverse salt flux of 3 g m–2 h–1. The FO‐PE coupling system utilizing clean and renewable solar energy to achieve a continuous FO separation is significantly meaningful for practical applications.
Algorithmic trading and market quality: Evidence from the Taiwan index futures market
Authors: Chang Ya‐Kai , Chou Robin K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study examines the effects of different algorithmic traders on market quality and the price discovery process, considering the impact of different trading strategies and market conditions. Algorithmic foreign institutions and proprietary firms act strategically, by monitoring market conditions. During stable market conditions, they supply liquidity, and this strategic activity both improves price efficiency and increases fundamental volatility. In more turbulent market conditions, algorithmic foreign institutions and proprietary firms instead demand liquidity, and their trading activity leads to an increase in price efficiency and a decrease in excessive volatility. Overall, algorithmic trades do not harm market quality.
Numerical study of saturated boiling heat transfer over the flat and curved surfaces
Authors: Kushwaha Naveen , Kumar Vimal 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn boiling phenomena, the heater surface gets covered by a vapor, which results in a decrease in the overall heat transfer coefficient (HTC). The curvature of the surface helps to reduce this vapor blanketing by vapor sliding over the curved surface. The sliding generates fluid circulation and makes the heater surface available for boiling liquid. Therefore, in the present work, the vapor dynamics, nucleation and growth, pinch‐off of the bubble, and heat transfer characteristics over smooth and uniform surfaces with different curvature ratios (δ = 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.15, and 0.25) are numerically studied. Also, the effect of the degree of superheat (ΔT = 10, 20, 30, and 40 K) on the bubble formation, vapor sliding, and fluid recirculation over the curved surface have been observed. Furthermore, investigated the dome formation and multiple pinch‐off of the bubble on the heated curved surfaces. The dominance of the curvature and degree of superheat on the bubble departure has been investigated using PDF of FFT of vapor void fraction at the surface. At higher curvature of the surface, there is less significance of the degree of superheat on the departure frequency of vapor bubbles. Furthermore, it is found that there is an increase in the average HTC with an increase in the curvature ratio, while the pinch‐off time of the bubble decreases. The HTC is enhanced by 86% with curved surfaces as compared to flat surfaces. Furthermore, the curved surface with a curvature (δ) of 0.15 showed better performance than the curved surface with δ = 0.25. Boiling over a curved surface leads to vapor sliding and recirculation of the fluid, leading to enhancement in surface renewal and an increase in HTC.
Statistically based soil–climate exposure scenarios for aquatic pesticide fate modeling and exposure assessment in the Pampa Region of Argentina
Authors: Brodeur Julie Céline , D'Andrea María Florencia , Dip Cecilia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Although pesticides are used intensively in Argentina's Pampa region, the possibility of performing an environmental risk assessment (ERA) remains limited due to the absence of readily available databases to run pesticide fate models and the lack of standardized realistic worst-case scenarios. The aim of the present study was to further advance capacities for performing probabilistic ERAs in the Pampa region by dividing and parameterizing the region into functional soil–climate mapping units (SCU) and defining statistically based, worst-case soil–climate exposure scenarios. Results obtained demonstrate that the SCU selected for a specific modeling exercise should depend on the dissociation constant (Kd) of the pesticide evaluated and whether short- or long-term pesticide fate modeling and risk assessment are needed. Four regionally representative SCUs were specifically identified for modeling the fate of pesticides with low, high, and intermediate values of Kd. Fate modeling of pesticides with an intermediate Kd requires the use of a different SCU for short- versus long-term pesticide modeling, whereas this distinction is not necessary for pesticides with both low and high Kd. The current definition of realistic, worst-case, soil–climate scenarios represents a crucial step toward better pesticide fate modeling and exposure assessment in Argentina's Pampa region. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:626–637. © 2022 SETAC
Social alienation of adolescents with obesity in classrooms: A multilevel approach
Authors: Chen Duan‐Rung , Lu Hsin‐Hui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionAdolescents with obesity are more likely to be isolated by peers, but whether they also choose to disengage from their peers remains unclear.MethodsThis study examined a sample of 646 adolescents between the age of 13 and 16 across 34 classrooms in 3 junior high schools in Taiwan, with data collected from May to June 2019. The sociometric network nomination method assessed peer relationships, such as unpopularity, unsociability, and alienation. Multilevel models were applied to explore the extent to which the class‐level prevalence of overweight and obesity and peer support moderate the relationship between student‐level obesity and peer relationships.ResultsOverall, students with obesity were more likely to experience unpopularity, unsociability, and alienation from their peers in classroom settings (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.904, 2.208, 2.777, p < .05). Regardless of their obesity status, students in high classroom peer support were less likely to report unsociability (AOR = 0.124, p < .05). No cross‐level interactions were observed, indicating that students with obesity did not experience a reduction of peer rejection in high peer support classrooms. Neither did obese students in classrooms with higher rates of overweight and obesity.ConclusionsStudents with obesity were more likely to experience interpersonal problems. Classroom peer support can increase peer acceptance for typical students but has no beneficial influence on adolescents with weight problems. Classroom peer support needs to be directed to become adequate support for students with obesity.