bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An integrated deep learning model for the prediction of pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with serial ultrasonography in breast cancer patients: a multicentre, retrospective study
Authors: Wu Lei , Ye Weitao , Liu Yu , Chen Dong , Wang Yuxiang , Cui Yanfen , Li Zhenhui , Li Pinxiong , Li Zhen , Liu Zaiyi , Liu Min , Liang Changhong , Yang Xiaotang , Xie Yu , Wang Ying 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The biological phenotype of tumours evolves during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Accurate prediction of pathological complete response (pCR) to NAC in the early-stage or posttreatment can optimize treatment strategies or improve the breast-conserving rate. This study aimed to develop and validate an autosegmentation-based serial ultrasonography assessment system (SUAS) that incorporated serial ultrasonographic features throughout the NAC of breast cancer to predict pCR.

Methods
A total of 801 patients with biopsy-proven breast cancer were retrospectively enrolled from three institutions and were split into a training cohort (242 patients), an internal validation cohort (197 patients), and two external test cohorts (212 and 150 patients). Three imaging signatures were constructed from the serial ultrasonographic features before (pretreatment signature), during the first–second cycle of (early-stage treatment signature), and after (posttreatment signature) NAC based on autosegmentation by U-net. The SUAS was constructed by subsequently integrating the pre, early-stage, and posttreatment signatures, and the incremental performance was analysed.

Results
The SUAS yielded a favourable performance in predicting pCR, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) of 0.927 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.891–0.963] and 0.914 (95% CI 0.853–0.976), compared with those of the clinicopathological prediction model [0.734 (95% CI 0.665–0.804) and 0.610 (95% CI 0.504–0.716)], and radiologist interpretation [0.632 (95% CI 0.570–0.693) and 0.724 (95% CI 0.644–0.804)] in the external test cohorts. Furthermore, similar results were also observed in the early-stage treatment of NAC [AUC 0.874 (0.793–0.955)–0.897 (0.851–0.943) in the external test cohorts].

Conclusions
We demonstrate that autosegmentation-based SAUS integrating serial ultrasonographic features throughout NAC can predict pCR with favourable performance, which can facilitate individualized treatment strategies.
Energy Trade-off and 4 Extreme Human Body Types
Authors: Hochberg Ze’ev , Albertsson-Wikland Kerstin , Privé Florian , German Alina , Holmgren Anton , Rubin Lisa , Shmoish Michael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundResource trade-off theory suggests that increased performance on a given trait comes at the cost of decreased performance on other traits.MethodsGrowth data from 1889 subjects (996 girls) were used from the GrowUp1974 Gothenburg study. Energy Trade-Off (ETO) between height and weight for individuals with extreme body types was characterized using a novel ETO-Score (ETOS). Four extreme body types were defined based on height and ETOI at early adulthood: tall-slender, short-stout, short-slender, and tall-stout; their growth trajectories assessed from ages 0.5-17.5 years.A GWAS using UK BioBank data was conducted to identify gene variants associated with height, BMI, and for the first time with ETOS.ResultsHeight and ETOS trajectories show a two-hit pattern with profound changes during early infancy and at puberty for tall-slender and short-stout body types. Several loci (including FTO, ADCY3, GDF5, ) and pathways were identified by GWAS as being highly associated with ETOS. The most strongly associated pathways were related to “extracellular matrix,” “signal transduction,” “chromatin organization,” and “energy metabolism.”ConclusionsETOS represents a novel anthropometric trait with utility in describing body types. We discovered the multiple genomic loci and pathways probably involved in energy trade-off.
Intra-individual Variability of Serum Aldosterone and Implications for Primary Aldosteronism Screening
Authors: Maciel Ana Alice W , Freitas Thais C , Fagundes Gustavo F C , Petenuci Janaina , Vilela Leticia A P , Brito Luciana P , Goldbaum Tatiana S , Zerbini Maria Claudia N , Ledesma Felipe L , Tanno Fabio Y , Srougi Victor , Chambo Jose L , Pereira Maria Adelaide A , Coelho Fernando M A , Cavalcante Aline C B S , Carnevale Francisco C , Pilan Bruna , Pio-Abreu Andrea , Silveira João V , Consolim-Colombo Fernanda M , Bortolotto Luiz A , Latronico Ana Claudia , Fragoso Maria Candida B V , Drager Luciano F , Mendonca Berenice B , Almeida Madson Q 
Published: November 2022

AbstractContextPrimary aldosteronism (PA) screening relies on an elevated aldosterone to renin ratio with a minimum aldosterone level, which varies from 10 to 15 ng/dL (277-415.5 pmol/L) using immunoassay.ObjectiveTo evaluate intra-individual coefficient of variation (CV) of aldosterone and aldosterone to direct renin concentration ratio (A/DRC) and its impact on PA screening.MethodsA total of 671 aldosterone and DRC measurements were performed by the same chemiluminescence assays in a large cohort of 216 patients with confirmed PA and at least 2 screenings.ResultsThe median intra-individual CV of aldosterone and A/DRC was 26.8% and 26.7%. Almost 40% of the patients had at least one aldosterone level &lt;15 ng/dL, 19.9% had at least 2 aldosterone levels &lt;15 ng/dL, and 16.2% had mean aldosterone levels &lt;15 ng/dL. A lower cutoff of 10 ng/dL was associated with false negative rates for PA screening of 14.3% for a single aldosterone measurement, 4.6% for 2 aldosterone measurements, and only 2.3% for mean aldosterone levels. Considering the minimum aldosterone, true positive rate of aldosterone thresholds was 85.7% for 10 ng/dL and 61.6% for 15 ng/dL. An A/DRC &gt;2 ng/dL/µIU/mL had a true positive rate for PA diagnosis of 94.4% and 98.4% when based on 1 or 2 assessments, respectively. CV of aldosterone and A/DRC were not affected by sex, use of interfering antihypertensive medications, PA lateralization, hypokalemia, age, and number of hormone measurements.ConclusionAldosterone concentrations had a high CV in PA patients, which results in an elevated rate of false negatives in a single screening for PA. Therefore, PA screening should be based on at least 2 screenings with concomitant aldosterone and renin measurements.
Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Pancreatic Islet β-Cell Proliferation, Regeneration, and Replacement
Authors: Goode Roy A , Hum Julia M , Kalwat Michael A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Diabetes results from insufficient insulin production by pancreatic islet β-cells or a loss of β-cells themselves. Restoration of regulated insulin production is a predominant goal of translational diabetes research. Here, we provide a brief overview of recent advances in the fields of β-cell proliferation, regeneration, and replacement. The discovery of therapeutic targets and associated small molecules has been enabled by improved understanding of β-cell development and cell cycle regulation, as well as advanced high-throughput screening methodologies. Important findings in β-cell transdifferentiation, neogenesis, and stem cell differentiation have nucleated multiple promising therapeutic strategies. In particular, clinical trials are underway using in vitro–generated β-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells. Significant challenges remain for each of these strategies, but continued support for efforts in these research areas will be critical for the generation of distinct diabetes therapies.
Tourism, Nation Building, and Regional Identities in the French Basque Country, 1830–1870
Authors: Ilacqua Talitha 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe arrival of tourism in Biarritz and on the French Basque coast in the mid-nineteenth century accentuated the national sentiment of the area and its distinctive Basque cultural attributes alike. This article analyzes such dualism, emphasizing both transformations that turned Biarritz into a resort popular across France and Europe and modifications to local culture that made it a key feature of the tourist experience in the Basque Country. The contribution of the local population to the folklorization of its culture was key to its survival, underscoring the importance of regional folklore for the touristic success of France as a whole. Mid-nineteenth-century governments' support of local cultural initiatives, in turn, was necessary for their accomplishment, as well as for the maturing of an idea of France as unitary yet culturally diverse that came to define the early Third Republic after 1870.Le début de l'expérience touristique à Biarritz et sur la côte basque française au milieu du dix-neuvième siècle a accentué le sentiment national de la région et les particularités culturelles basques. Cet article analyse ce dualisme et souligne deux aspects : les changements qui ont transformé Biarritz en une station touristique célèbre en France et en Europe, et les transformations de la culture locale qui était une partie importante de l'expérience touristique au Pays basque. La participation de la population à la création d'une culture folklorique fut fondamentale pour son existence et pour le succès touristique de la France entière. Le soutien des gouvernements du milieu du siècle aux initiatives culturelles locales fut nécessaire aussi pour l'achèvement et la maturation d'une idée de la France comme unitaire mais culturellement différenciée qui définit le début de la Troisième République.
Validation and exploratory factor analysis of Urdu Version of Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire
Authors: Hussain Sana Muhammad , Zuberi Bader Faiyaz , Rasheed Tazeen , Ali Faiza Sadaqat , Majid Erum 
Published: November 2022

Objective: To present and validate psychometric properties of Urdu version CLDQ, yet another objective was to do exploratory factorial analysis (EFA) of CLDQ Urdu version.
Methods: This Cross-sectional Analytical Study was conducted at Dr. Ruth K.M. Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi during the period Nov. 15, 2021 to Jan. 30, 2022. CLDQ Urdu questionnaire was self-administered by the patients. The questionnaire consisted of 29 items and responses were recorded on 7-point Likert type scale. Reliability testing was done by Cronbach’s α, test value of >0.7 is taken as reliable. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted with principal component analysis with varimax rotation. Adequacies for conduction of EFA depended on Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value of ≥0.5 and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity (BTS) of ≤0.05. Mean CLDQ Urdu scores were also compared with Child Class using ANOVA and post-hoc analysis was done.
Results: A total of 320 patients were selected after informed consent. All conditions for adequate EFA were met (Cronbach’s α =.949; KMO = .846; BTS ≤.001). Mean CLDQ Urdu score was 156.74 in male and 133.27 in female (p<.001). Child Class-A had best quality of life with score of 186.63 ±6.91 and Child Class-C had the worst with scores of 109.78 ±21.33. EFA resulted in reduction of domains to 4 (Muscular Symptoms, Emotional Symptoms, Abdominal Symptoms & Somnolence) & reduced the number of items from 29 to 11.
Conclusion: Urdu CLDQ version is validated in our settings. EFA resulted in reductions in number of domains and items. CLDQ Urdu showed that quality of life decreases significantly with Child Class.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6602
How to cite this: Hussain SM, Zuberi BF, Rasheed T, Ali FS, Majid E. Validation and exploratory factor analysis of Urdu Version of Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6602
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comparison of different approaches of percutaneous vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic spinal compression fractures and analysis of influencing factors of re-fracture
Authors: Bu Dan , He Xuejun 
Published: November 2022

Objective: To compare the functional and radiological outcome of different approaches of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF), and to analyze the factors affecting postoperative re-fracture in patients with OVCF.
Methods: Medical data of 76 patients with OVCF who underwent PVP in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Based on the different intraoperative approaches, patients were divided into Unilateral-group (n=36) and Bilateral-group (n=40). The perioperative indexes, clinical efficacy, and spinal nerve function of the two groups were compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors of postoperative re-fracture in patients with OVCF. The functional outcome was assessed with Oswestry disability index (ODI), American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) nerve function classification and pain with Visual analogue scale (VAS). The radiological outcome was assessed by noting change of anterior vertebral height and change of kyphosis Cobb angle.
Results: The amount of intraoperative bleeding, the number of X-ray irradiation and the volume of injected bone cement in the Unilateral-group were lower, and the operation time was shorter than Bilateral-group (all P<0.05). One week after the operation, the anterior height of the vertebral body was higher, the Cobb angle of kyphosis was lower, the VAS score was higher, and the ASIA grade was lower in the Unilateral-group compared to the Bilateral-group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the age, bone mineral density, volume of bone cement injection and PD were risk factors of postoperative re-fracture in patients with OVCF.
Conclusion: Unilateral PVP treatment of OVCF has the advantages of less intraoperative bleeding, less X-ray irradiation and shorter operation time. At the same time, bilateral PVP is associated with improved bone cement dispersion, and the effect of improving patients’ pain is better than that in the Unilateral PVP. Postoperative risk of re-fracture in OVCF patients correlated with age, bone mineral density, amount of bone cement injection and pedicle diameter.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.7069
How to cite this: Bu D, He X. Comparison of different approaches of percutaneous vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic spinal compression fractures and analysis of influencing factors of re-fracture. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.7069
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Latent profile analysis of adaptation types and stress among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea
Authors: Park Kwi Hwa , Im Sun Ju , Kyung Sun Young , Yune So Jung 
Published: November 2022

Objective: This study aimed to identify profile groups based on personality traits and coping strategies exhibited by medical students in the context of COVID-19.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey and latent profile analysis to investigate differences in stressors, psychological distress, and stress levels with academic variables. We collected data online (Google survey form) in November and December 2021. The participants included a total of 260 1st and 2nd year medical students, all completed questionnaires containing the following sections: Big Five Inventory, coping strategies, COVID-19 stressors, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, and stress level with academic variables. For analysis, a latent profile analysis, ANOVA, and χ2 were used.
Results: The results reveal the three following profile groups: adaptive (lowest neuroticism, low mental disengagement), middle-adaptive (moderate neuroticism, low mental disengagement), and maladaptive (highest neuroticism and mental disengagement), respectively comprising 25.0%, 39.2%, and 35.8% of the study sample. There were no statistically significant intergroup differences regarding grade (χ2=3.345, p=0.188) or gender (χ2=1.197, p=0.550). The maladaptive group was strongly associated with perceived stress during the COVID-19 pandemic (p<0.001).
Conclusion: These findings highlight the value of considering profile groups when determining whether students require additional support during pandemics.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.7196
How to cite this: Park KH, Im SJ, Kyung SY, Yune SJ. Latent profile analysis of adaptation types and stress among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.7196
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
THE MAIN IDEA AS AN ELEMENT OF THE CULTURAL-PHILOSOPHICAL MODEL OF A LITERARY AND ARTISTIC WORK: SOME METHODOLOGICAL QUESTIONS
Authors: Makarchuk Ivan Yu. 
Published: November 2022

The author of this article, as a research method, develops the general theoretical foundations of the cultural-philosophical model of a literary and artistic work, which can be used in the study of the creative heritage of various writers. The structural elements of the cultural-philosophical model of a literary and artistic work, along with the main idea, include: the sum of humanitarian studies of a literary and artistic work, the concept sphere of the corresponding literary and artistic work, the biography of the writer, as well as the genre. This article aims to describe some methodological issues related to the constitution of the main idea of a literary and artistic work as an element of a cultural-philosophical model.
The basis of the research is formed by general scientific methods and interdisciplinary methods of scientific knowledge. In the course of working on the article, the author turned to cultural and philosophical analysis, as well as content analysis of scientific literature.
Based on the results of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that one of the conditions for the productivity and completeness of the cultural-philosophical study of a literary and artistic work is the search for its main idea, which reflects the features and priorities of the author’s philosophical thinking. The results of the study can be used not only in research of philosophical and cultural content, but also in works of a wide humanitarian profile, as well as in the educational process.
Informatics of Innovation: The Way of High School Students Towards Future Participation in Import Substitution
Authors: Bychkov Anatoliy 
Published: November 2022

Many high school students will have to participate in import substitution processes in their future professional activities.
Import substitution is the creation of goods and services that are in demand by citizens and society, competitive with foreign analogues or superior in quality.
Only marketable products that meet the needs of citizens and society for sustainable development and self-realization are in demand.
Innovative products are focused on meeting the needs of citizens and society.
The creation of innovative goods and services is a controlled process, reproduced according to a specific algorithm, presented in the form of a logistic curve.
The Federal State Educational Standard of Secondary General Education provides for the formation of high school students' motivation and ability to innovate, as well as the ability to carry out individual innovative projects using education informatization technologies, taking into account the identified needs of citizens and society.
This contributes to the formation of the orientation of high school students towards practical patriotic self-realization in the processes of import substitution in their future professional activities.
Effects of autoimmune disorders on daily lifestyle
Authors: Kawałko Kinga , Rynio Grzegorz , Pondel Kamil , Karaś Anna , Bielewicz Krzysztof , Sufin Patrycja 
Published: November 2022

Systemic diseases of connective tissue are a group of diseases of unspecified aetiology and pathogenesis. They are based on the autoimmune process. It can involve single organs as well as whole systems. Neuropsychiatric complications in systemic connective tissue diseases are of interest to both neurologists and rheumatologists and specialists in other fields. These complications may occur with different frequency – from 30-80% and result from the involvement of individual structures of the central and peripheral nervous system. They can be divided into primary, i.e. resulting from the underlying disease, and secondary, which are most often the result of the applied treatment.
The most common psychopathological symptoms include: progressive cognitive disorders, emotional lability, mood and sleep disorders, as well as memory disorders, psychosensory disorders, depersonalisation, derealisation, depressed mood, anxiety states, hallucinations, persecutory delusions. Diagnosing the cause of psychiatric disorders is the basis for introducing appropriate causal treatment, which should be supplemented by symptomatic psychiatric therapy.
Intersetorialidade nas Políticas Públicas sobre Drogas: Relações entre Saúde e Assistência Social
Authors: Santos Christian Eduardo Andrade Resende , Vecchia Marcelo Dalla , Paiva Fernando Santana de 
Published: November 2022

As políticas, programas e serviços no campo de álcool e outras drogas devem ocorrer a partir dos princípios da integralidade e intersetorialidade, assegurando a participação social. Nessa direção, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi compreender como se dão as relações entre as redes de saúde e assistência social, com vistas a assegurar ações orientadas pela intersetorialidade no cuidado aos usuários de substâncias psicoativas em um município de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais com os gestores destes setores, além de um grupo focal com profissionais que atuam no Sistema Único de Saúde e Sistema Único de Assistência Social. Os resultados foram organizados nos seguintes eixos de análise: (1) (des)articulação da rede: impasse para o trabalho intersetorial; (2) redes em movimento: práticas profissionais no cotidiano de cuidado; (3) tensões entre diferentes atores na rede de cuidado em álcool e drogas. Tais resultados expressam a realidade de grande parte dos municípios brasileiros, em que as ações no âmbito das políticas públicas ocorrem de maneira desarticulada, sendo ainda o princípio da intersetorialidade um horizonte a ser construído.