bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A concept for anisotropic PTV margins including rotational setup uncertainties and its impact on the tumor control probability in canine brain tumors
Authors: Radonic Stephan , Besserer Jürgen , Bley Carla Rohrer , Schneider Uwe , Meier Valeria 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objective. In this modelling study, we pursued two main goals. The first was to establish a new CTV-to-PTV expansion which considers the closest and most critical organ at risk (OAR). The second goal was to investigate the impact of the planning target volume (PTV) margin size on the tumor control probability (TCP) and its dependence on the geometrical setup uncertainties. The aim was to achieve a smaller margin expansion close to the OAR while allowing a moderately larger expansion in less critical areas further away from the OAR and whilst maintaining the TCP. Approach. Imaging data of radiation therapy plans from pet dogs which had undergone radiation therapy for brain tumor were used to estimate the clinic specific rotational setup uncertainties. A Monte-Carlo methodology using a voxel-based TCP model was used to quantify the implications of rotational setup uncertainties on the TCP. A combination of algorithms was utilized to establish a computational CTV-to-PTV expansion method based on probability density. This was achieved by choosing a center of rotation close to an OAR. All required software modules were developed and integrated into a software package that directly interacts with the Varian Eclipse treatment planning system. Main results. Several uniform and non-isotropic PTVs were created. To ensure comparability and consistency, standardized RT plans with equal optimization constraints were defined, automatically applied and calculated on these targets. The resulting TCPs were then computed, evaluated and compared. Significance. The non-isotropic margins were found to result in larger TCPs with smaller margin excess volume. Further, we presented an additional application of the newly established CTV-to-PTV expansion method for radiation therapy of the spinal axis of human patients.
Acoustic topological one-way waveguides with tunable widths using spinning components
Authors: Wang Neng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We propose the topological one-way waveguide for acoustic waves whose width can be flexibly adjusted. The waveguide is constructed by a heterostructure where an ordinary phononic crystal is sandwiched by two time-reversal-symmetry-broken (TRS-broken) phononic crystals with their cylinders spinning in an opposite manner. The waveguide mode is confined to the ordinary phononic crystal and exhibits the gap-less and asymmetric dispersion. Therefore, we can tune the width of the waveguide by adjusting the thickness of the ordinary phononic crystal, and the waveguide mode is one-way transport which is robust against various types of local disorders and arbitrary bends. Owing to these, this acoustic topological one-way waveguide can meet the requirements of more applications compared with conventional waveguides and conventional one-way waveguides based on chiral surface waves.
A-1 How Far We’ve Come: Promoting Resilience Following Significant Early Life Neurological Insult
Authors: Manning Madeline C , Cap Caitlyn J , Naidoo Reshma B 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Despite empirical data indicating continued and increased negative neurocognitive effects of neurological insult due to early life exposure to brain resections, refractory seizures, and chemoradiotherapy, it is possible for patients to rewrite their narratives and demonstrate resilience and terrific response to rehabilitation. A longitudinal, single case study demonstrating the positive impact of therapeutic intervention is presented here.
Method: Patient is a 14-year-old Hispanic female diagnosed with atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumor (ATRT) at age 2 was treated as per Dana Farber ATRT protocol, including brain resection and chemoradiation treatment. Neurological and cognitive complications due to treatment and late effects were observed. Patient also underwent a right temporal lobectomy (age 11) which controlled her refractory seizures and cognitive regression. Patient subsequently received intensive neurorehabilitation and serial neuropsychological assessments (age 4, 7, 10, 14).
Results: Early assessments (ages 4 and 7) indicated a decline in neurocognitive performance (exceptionally low range across domains). More recent assessments (ages 10 and 14), however, demonstrated a change in trajectory (ranging from low average to exceptionally low). The greatest growth was observed in verbal and quantitative reasoning, as well as executive functioning abilities.
Conclusions: Even for children who have had multiple, chronic, insidious early life neurocognitive insults, intensive and directive therapies can alter their trajectory and allow steady gains to be made. These findings highlight the importance of taking a biopsychosocial approach for informing therapy led by a strong treatment team. It is critical to integrate the strengths of the individual, family, treatment team, and environment in supporting the patient-family’s treatment goals.
A-3 Small-Vessel Childhood Primary Angiitis of the CNS: A Longitudinal Case Study
Authors: Choate Alyssa Zwicker , Greenberg Benjamin , Harder Lana 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Childhood primary angiitis of the central nervous system (cPACNS) is a rare autoimmune and cerebrovascular inflammatory disease associated with cognitive, behavioral, psychiatric, motor, sensory and/or visual symptoms. This longitudinal case study describes deficits associated with a rare course of refractory small vessel cPACNS (sv-cPACNS) with presentation uncharacteristically confined to the right hemisphere. Improved understanding of sv-cPACNS may promote diagnostic clarity and subsequent intervention for a rare and often refractory presentation that is scientifically underserved. Records indicate onset of acute events (paralysis, migraines, stroke-like symptoms) with diagnosis of sv-cPACNS based on brain biopsy. MRI revealed abnormalities restricted to the right cerebral hemisphere. Treatments included high-dose steroids, chemotherapy, IVIg, and other immunomodulatory agents. Treatment course was refractory with many failed therapies until remission on current monoclonal antibody regimen (Natalizumab). Patient was referred due to poor academic and social progression.
Neuropsychological results indicated a profile congruent with nonverbal learning disorder, including dysfunction in visuospatial reasoning, fine motor, mathematics, and social judgement. Compared to prior evaluation (age 11), reduced overall intellectual functioning, working memory, and processing speed were observed. This case study examines an 18-year-old patient with sv-cPACNS and cognitive difficulties. Results were consistent with limited research demonstrating low average intellectual functioning with longitudinal declines in working memory and processing speed. Results enhance the current understanding of sv-cPACNS by illustrating a nonverbal learning disorder profile, coinciding with right hemispheric involvement. Unfortunately, the long-term impact on cognitive functioning, especially in small-vessel disease subtype, is still not well understood. Findings add to phenotypic variability and developmental course of previously refractory sv-cPACNS.
A-101 Correspondence between ABAS-II and VABS-II Composite Scales in a Cohort of Adults with Down Syndrome
Authors: Ali Sheliza , Van Pelt Kathryn , Koehl Lisa M , Caban-Holt A M , Anderson-Mooney A J , Dennis Brandon , Head Elizabeth , Harp Jordan , Glueck Amanda , Powell David , Schmitt Frederick 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Informant ratings of adaptive functioning are a valuable source of information that can support diagnosis and treatment planning and monitor change. The Adaptive Behavior Assessment System (ABAS-II) and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS-II) are well-known adaptive functioning questionnaires used in clinical practice. This study assessed the correspondence between ABAS-II and VABS-II composite scales in adults with Down Syndrome (DS).
Method: Participants were selected from a cohort of 110 adults with DS involved in a longitudinal study examining Alzheimer’s risk. Participants were selected if they had informant ratings on both the ABAS-II and VABS-II at the same measurement wave (n = 85; M = 41.9 years-old, SD = 10.8; 55.3% female; 96.5% White). Due to non-normality, non-parametric correlations examined convergent validity of the ABAS-II and VABS-II standard scores.
Results: The composite scores of similar constructs from each measure correlated significantly (ps &lt; 0.001) with large effect sizes: ABAS-II Conceptual with VABS-II Communication (rho = 0.53), ABAS-II Social with VABS-II Socialization (rho = 0.83), ABAS-II Practical with VABS-II Daily Living Skills (rho = 0.84), and ABAS-II Global Adaptive Composite (GAC) with VABS-II Adaptive Behavior Composite (ABC) (rho = 0.88). There was 85.2% correspondence between ABAS-II and VABS-II ratings of low adaptive functioning (SS &lt; 70 on the GAC or ABC, respectively), with just 14.8% of participants (n = 12) categorized as low on VABS-II but not ABAS-II.
Conclusion(s): The ABAS-II and VABS-II composites were strongly correlated, capturing similar adaptive domains. However, there was a greater chance of being rated as low functioning on the VABS-II compared to the ABAS-II, which may have diagnostic implications for clinical and research work in DS.
A-122 Men with COVID-19 Related Anxiety Report Greater Cognitive Impairment and Psychological Health Problems
Authors: Liu Brian C , Iverson Grant L , Gaudet Charles E 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused societal disruption and increased anxiety. Given the association between anxiety and cognitive functioning, we examined whether COVID-19 related anxiety shows an association with perceived cognitive functioning.
Method: The survey sample included 753 men residing in the United States (Age: mean = 51.3, SD = 10.8, IQR = 42–59, range = 35–79). Data were collected during the first two weeks of July 2020 via Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk) as part of a broader study relating to men’s brain health. The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) was used to assess COVID-19 related anxiety. Participants responded to questions designed to assess health conditions, treatment history, and perceived cognitive functioning.
Results: A greater proportion of men with COVID-19 related anxiety endorsed difficulties with cognitive functioning than those who did not in response to the following prompts: difficulty with concentration (42.1% vs. 7.1%; χ2 = 99.30, p &lt; 0.001, Cramer’s V = 0.36), memory (24.2% vs.7.4%; χ2 = 26.98, p &lt; 0.001, Cramer’s V = 0.19), or ability to think logically (21.1% vs. 3.0%; χ2 = 53.55, p &lt; 0.001, Cramer’s V = 0.27) over the past week. Men endorsing COVID-19 related anxiety also reported physical problems (i.e., body pain, headaches, migraines, and sleep disturbance) and symptoms of psychological distress (i.e., depression, hopelessness, and suicidality) at higher rates than men who did not.
Conclusions: Men with COVID-19 related anxiety endorsed perceived cognitive difficulties, physical problems, and psychological distress at considerably higher rates than men without COVID-19 related anxiety. The extent to which perceived cognitive difficulties manifest on objective cognitive testing is unknown and represents a possible area for future research.
A-125 Sex Moderates the Positive Effects of Sleep Schedule Consistency on Cognitive Function
Authors: Sarles-Whittlesey Heidi , Fleischmann Holly H , Sweet Lawrence 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Negative effects of reduced sleep duration and consistency on cognition are well-known. It is also well-known that both decline with age. While emerging research finds that sex interacts with sleep duration, less is known about whether sex interacts with sleep schedule consistency to predict cognitive performance. We hypothesized that reduced sleep consistency would negatively impact cognitive performance and that women would be less affected by inconsistent sleep based on suggested protective effects of brain organization in sleep-deprived women (Corsi-Carbrera et al., 2003).
Methods: Participants (N = 77, 96.3% White) were selected from a parent study of community-dwelling older adults. Inclusion criteria: complete demographic data, Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) index scores, and self-reported sleep data. The sample was majority female and well-educated.
Results: RBANS performance and sleep measures were within normal limits (see Table). There was a significant main effect of sleep consistency across all RBANS scores, controlling age, education, and sleep duration. There were significant main effects of sex on Immediate Memory, Attention, and Total score. Interactions between sleep consistency and sex were significant for Immediate Memory, Delayed Memory, and Total score.
Conclusions: Sleep consistency is associated with better cognitive performance across domains. Women perform better than men globally and in domains of immediate memory and attention, regardless of consistency. Women who sleep consistently are most likely to exhibit better memory and global cognitive function. Findings extend sleep duration effects on cognitive function to variability and suggest consistency may benefit women more than men.
A-134 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Presentation in Females
Authors: Lugo Silvia , Duarte Andres , Ramallo Yuvalis , Hernandez Luisa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: The review aims to analyze the differences in the ASD presentation in females to identify current gaps in the literature and suggest future research directions.
Data Selection: Keywords used in this search were ASD, females, restrictive/repetitive interest, female autism phenotype. Databases used included Sciencedirect, Medline, PsycARTICLES, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, and PsychINFO. The search returned 73, 931 studies; 73,905 were removed for not meeting inclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria consisted of peer-reviewed articles published in English between 2012–2022 that analyzed the autistic female phenotype as well as gender differences in the female autistic presentation. The final analysis consisted of 26 studies.
Data Synthesis: Findings of 24 studies concluded that amongst autistic females, there are variations in the symptomatology presentation that are not fully understood. Significant differences were found in brain structures, anterior insula functioning, symptom recognition, diagnosis age, and access to health care. Key themes for females included camouflage effect, genetic and hormonal mechanisms, diagnostic assessment tools, significant differences in communication, socialization, and the presentation of restrictive and repetitive behaviors, as well as the female autism phenotype. Findings of 1 study revealed no significant differences in the prevalence of suicidal ideation between genders. The twenty-six-study found no significant gender differences in response to treatment.
Conclusion: This review points out that ASD presentation in females can be better recognized through the understanding and expansion of the autistic female phenotype. Limitations include the lack of research comparing ASD with typically developing females. Future research on the autistic female phenotype is needed.
A-135 Caregiver Anxiety and Sleep in the Postpartum Period in Term and Preterm Infants
Authors: Hicks Amanda , Lajiness-O’Neill Renee , Staples Angela D 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Postpartum anxiety impacts 3-40% of caregivers (Glasheen et al., 2009) and caregivers report sleeping about 20% less compared to other periods (Deepika et al., 2007). Since sleep problems exacerbate anxiety symptoms, targeting sleep problems in postpartum may reduce caregiver psychopathology. We hypothesized anxiety would decline from 6- to 12-months and that better sleep would predict lower levels of anxiety especially for caregivers of preterm infants.
Method: Caregivers provided data with PediaTracTM (Lajiness-O’Neill et al., 2021), an online tool, at 6-, 9-, and 12-months from a larger longitudinal study of term (n=299) and preterm (n=218) infants recruited from three academic hospitals. Caregivers were sociodemograhpically diverse (Black/African American=33%, White=56%, multiracial=6%, other=4%; census-based area deprivation ADI M=5.14, SD=3.32) with 2 children (SD=1.21) in the home. Caregivers self-reported anxiety (Brief Symptom Inventory; Derogatis, 1977) and sleep quality (average of 4 PediaTracTM items: difficulty falling asleep, night awakenings, sleep quality satisfaction, morning fatigue) with higher scores indicating better sleep quality.
Results: A multilevel model, accounting for nested observations, (R^2 = .06) was significant with sleep quality predicting anxiety, beta= -.22, p&lt;.001, 95% CI [-.28, -.17]. Neither time, term status, demographic covariates nor moderation of sleep by term status were significant predictors.
Conclusion: Though anxiety did not decline over postpartum, those with better sleep reported lower anxiety symptoms suggesting sleep interventions may reduce anxiety symptoms. Surprisingly, neither psychosocial stressors nor term status predicted anxiety severity. Other factors, e.g., parenting stress, should be considered in understanding differences in postpartum anxiety.
A-136 Chiari1 Malformation and Syringomyelia: The Role of Neuropsychological Assessment in Treatment and Education Planning
Authors: Schneider Rachel , Culotta Stephanie O 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Chiari 1 malformation (CM1) occurs when the cerebellum bulges through an opening at the base of the skull, putting pressure on the brain and spinal cord. CM1 is frequently related to syringomyelia, characterized by a fluid filled cyst in the spinal cord. CM1 is associated with sensorimotor symptoms such as headache, weakness in the arms, and difficulty walking. This case study will expand upon the existing literature regarding neurodevelopmental impact.
Method: In this single case study, a 13-year, 5-month old male with CM1/S was seen for neuropsychological assessment. Diagnosis of CM1/S and foramen magnum decompression with suboccipital craniectomy and C1 laminectomy occurred five months prior. Evaluation was subsequent to concerns regarding executive functioning, literacy skills, and handwriting. Educational disabilities were recognized but not associated with his neurological condition.
Results: Assessment revealed average verbal and non-verbal cognitive skills, low average working memory, and extremely low processing speed. Phonological awareness was intact. Phonological memory was extremely low. Rapid naming was below average. Measures of executive functioning and cognitive flexibility suggested weaknesses. Upper extremity fine motor speed and coordination fell in the impaired range. Academically, broad mathematics skills were within the average range while broad reading and writing were low average.
Conclusions: The neurodevelopment of children with CM1 and syringomyelia with comorbid neurodevelopmental disorders is not well characterized. Neuropsychological assessment and follow-up is critical for diagnosing disorders, educational planning, and monitoring of overall development. Neuropsychology can play a critical role in facilitating an understanding of the impact of neurological disorders in educational settings.
A-145 Much Ado About Norming: Ethnic Differences Across Three Normative Systems for COWAT/FAS Performance
Authors: Hawley Nanako , Ikonomou Vasilios C , Myers Melissa A , Pizer Jasmin H , Harrell Murphy N , Hill Benjamin D 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Demographic correction of cognitive data is being increasingly scrutinized. We compared phonemic fluency for African Americans and Caucasians using three normative systems.
Methods: Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT)/FAS raw scores for 321 African Americans (56.4% female, mean age 50 years, mean education 13 years) and a matched sample of 330 Caucasians (53.6% female, mean age 47, mean education 13.5 years) were converted to T-scores using three normative systems (Heaton et al., 2004; Mitrushina et al., 1999; Schretlen et al., 2010). ANOVA was used to compare differences for the overall sample as well as for education level (15 years) and age range (18-35, 36-50, 51-65, and &gt;65 years old).
Results: Normative outcomes were significantly different between African American and Caucasian participants [Heaton (F (1,516) = 6.77, p=.01; Mitrushina F (1,509) = 10.32, p=.001; Shretlen F (1,516) = 14.15, p=.001]. Heaton norms were significantly different for ethnicity for all education levels except &gt;15 years of education. Mitrushina meta-norms and CNNS (Schretlen et al., 2010) were significantly different for ethnicity on FAS scores only for &gt;15 years of education. Heaton norms were significantly different for ethnicity for the ranges of 18-35 years old and 51-65 years old. Mitrushina meta-norms and CNNS were significantly different for ethnicity only for the 36-50 years range. None of the norming systems were significantly different for &gt;65 years.
Conclusions: The interpretation of FAS performance for African Americans and Caucasians differed by the normative system utilized with different effects for age and education noted between normative approaches.
A-146 Neuropsychological Evaluation and Outcomes of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treated with Chemotherapy in a Transgender Adolescent Male: A Case Study
Authors: Kennedy Erin , Wahlberg Andrea 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Transgender youth face enormous barriers to accessing medically necessary gender-transition-related care, including neuropsychological evaluation. Normative data for cognitive and psychological measures have not been developed for transgender individuals, creating a dilemma for neuropsychologists. Sex-based differences in certain domains and literature identifying brain-based changes with hormone therapy are additional factors. The aim of this study is to discuss unique considerations when evaluating medically complex transgender individuals.
Method: A 14-year-old transgender male (assigned female at birth) with a history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with chemotherapy, presented for evaluation to assess late effects of treatment and psychiatric complexities. He experienced gender dysphoria since childhood, identified as non-binary during early adolescence, and recently identified as male. He had not yet begun medical treatment (puberty blockers, hormone therapy) related to gender-affirming care.
Results: Thoughtful consideration informed by current literature was made regarding test selection, norm usage, and data interpretation. Gender combined norms were used when available. Norms based on preferred or birth-assigned gender were used within the context of known sex-based differences in certain domains and low likelihood of brain-based changes at this time. Results revealed average or better performance across most domains, mild weakness in visual-motor integration and motor-dependent processing speed, and anxiety.
Conclusion: Outcomes were believed related to chemotherapeutic late effects along with complex psychosocial factors. This case highlights the need for a thoughtful approach to the neuropsychological evaluation of transgender youth from test and norm selection to data interpretation along with consideration of unique psychosocial factors which are likely to be present for transgender individuals.