bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shared exposure liability of type 2 diabetes and other chronic conditions in the UK Biobank
Authors: He Yixuan , Patel Chirag J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Aims
To investigate whether the cumulative exposure risks of incident T2D are shared with other common chronic diseases.

Research design and methods
We first establish and report the cross-sectional prevalence, cross-sectional co-prevalence, and incidence of seven T2D-associated chronic diseases [hypertension, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and chronic kidney and liver diseases] in the UK Biobank. We use published weights of genetic variants and exposure variables to derive the T2D polygenic (PGS) and polyexposure (PXS) risk scores and test their associations to incident diseases.

Results
PXS was associated with higher levels of clinical risk factors including BMI, systolic blood pressure, blood glucose, triglycerides, and HbA1c in individuals without overt or diagnosed T2D. In addition to predicting incident T2D, PXS and PGS were significantly and positively associated with the incidence of all 7 other chronic diseases. There were 4% and 8% of individuals in the bottom deciles of PXS and PGS, respectively, who were prediabetic at baseline but had low risks of T2D and other chronic diseases. Compared to the remaining population, individuals in the top deciles of PGS and PXS had particularly high risks of developing chronic diseases. For instance, the hazard ratio of COPD and obesity for individuals in the top T2D PXS deciles was 2.82 (95% CI 2.39–3.35, P = 4.00 × 10−33) and 2.54 (95% CI 2.24–2.87, P = 9.86 × 10−50), respectively, compared to the remaining population. We also found that PXS and PGS were both significantly (P < 0.0001) and positively associated with the total number of incident diseases.

Conclusions
T2D shares polyexposure risks with other common chronic diseases. Individuals with an elevated genetic and non-genetic risk of T2D also have high risks of cardiovascular, liver, lung, and kidney diseases.
Hypocomplementemia in primary Sjogren’s syndrome: association with serological, clinical features, and outcome
Authors: Lin Wei , Xin Zhifei , Wang Jialan , Ren Xiuying , Liu Yixuan , Yang Liu , Guo Shaoying , Yang Yupeng , Li Yang , Cao Jingjing , Ning Xiaoran , Liu Meilu , Su Yashuang , Sun Lijun , Zhang Fengxiao , Zhang Wen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective
The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical characteristic of hypocomplementemia (HC) in primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS), and to address possible risk factors and the prognosis associated with HC in pSS patients.

Methods
pSS patients with HC in Hebei General Hospital from September 2016 to March 2019 were retrospectively analyzed and compared to those with normocomplementemia (NC). Logistic regression analysis was used to detect risk factors.

Results
Of the 333 patients with pSS, 84 patients (25.23%) were presented with HC at diagnosis. The presence of hyper-IgG and anti-Ro52 antibodies was significantly more common in patients with HC. In addition to systemic involvement, pSS patients with HC had more hematological, renal, and nervous system involvement, and received more immunosuppressant treatments than NC group (p < 0.05). ESSDAI score was significantly higher in patients with HC (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that leukopenia (OR = 2.23) and hyper-IgG (OR = 2.13) were independent risk factors for pSS with HC. In addition, profound CD16/CD56+ NK-cell lymphopenia was found in pSS-HC patients. More pSS patients developed SLE in the HC group than NC group (4.76% vs. 0.80%, p = 0.04) during the follow-up.

Conclusion
HC was not an uncommon manifestation of pSS and had an independent association with the main clinical and immunological features. Patients with pSS-HC had an increased possibility to develop SLE that required more positive treatment with glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants.

Key Points:
• Hypocomplementemia had an independent association with the main clinical and immunological features in primary Sjogren’s syndrome patients.
• ESSDAI score was significantly higher in patients with hypocomplementemia.
• The pSS patients with hypocomplementemia had an increased possibility to develop SLE.
Application of chitosan-ZnO nanoparticle edible coating to wild-simulated Korean ginseng root
Authors: Kang Soo Hyun , Cha Hee Jin , Jung Seung Won , Lee Seung Ju 
Published: March 2022

AbstractChitosan-ZnO nanoparticle (ZnONP) edible coating was applied to extend shelf life of wild-simulated Korean ginseng root (WsKG). In antimicrobial testing of various coating solutions (0.01, 0.02, 0.03% ZnONP),Bacillus cereus(Gram-positive) andEscherichia coli(Gram-negative) were most inhibited by the 0.03% chitosan-ZnONP solution. The 0.03% chitosan-ZnONP solution was finally used for edible coating of WsKG. In SEM analysis, the coat of chitosan and ZnONP was well-formed on the surface of WsKG. In isothermal storage tests (temperature: 5–20 °C, RH: 95%), microbial limit (4.70 log CFU/g) of total aerobic bacteria for non-coated and coated WsKG were reached at 3.9 and 6.3 weeks at 5 °C, 1.9 and 4.3 weeks at 10 °C, and 1.3 and 2.0 weeks at 20 °C, respectively. Mold occurred in the non-coated sample at 4 weeks at 5 °C, but not in the coated sample during 6 weeks. Chitosan-ZnONP edible coating was very effective in preserving WsKG.
Noisy tensor completion via the sum-of-squares hierarchy
Authors: Barak Boaz , Moitra Ankur 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the noisy tensor completion problem we observementries (whose location is chosen uniformly at random) from an unknown$$n_1 \times n_2 \times n_3$$n1×n2×n3tensorT. We assume thatTis entry-wise close to being rankr. Our goal is to fill in its missing entries using as few observations as possible. Let$$n = \max (n_1, n_2, n_3)$$n=max(n1,n2,n3). We show that if$$m > rsim n^{3/2} r$$m≳n3/2rthen there is a polynomial time algorithm based on the sixth level of the sum-of-squares hierarchy for completing it. Our estimate agrees with almost all ofT’s entries almost exactly and works even when our observations are corrupted by noise. This is also the first algorithm for tensor completion that works in the overcomplete case when$$r > n$$r>n, and in fact it works all the way up to$$r = n^{3/2-\epsilon }$$r=n3/2-ϵ. Our proofs are short and simple and are based on establishing a new connection between noisy tensor completion (through the language of Rademacher complexity) and the task of refuting random constraint satisfaction problems. This connection seems to have gone unnoticed even in the context of matrix completion. Furthermore, we use this connection to show matching lower bounds. Our main technical result is in characterizing the Rademacher complexity of the sequence of norms that arise in the sum-of-squares relaxations to the tensor nuclear norm. These results point to an interesting new direction: Can we explore computational vs. sample complexity tradeoffs through the sum-of-squares hierarchy?
MemoRec: a recommender system for assisting modelers in specifying metamodels
Authors: Di Rocco Juri , Di Ruscio Davide , Di Sipio Claudio , Nguyen Phuong T. , Pierantonio Alfonso 
Published: March 2022

AbstractModel-driven engineering has been widely applied in software development, aiming to facilitate the coordination among various stakeholders. Such a methodology allows for a more efficient and effective development process. Nevertheless, modeling is a strenuous activity that requires proper knowledge of components, attributes, and logic to reach the level of abstraction required by the application domain. In particular, metamodels play an important role in several paradigms, and specifying wrong entities or attributes in metamodels can negatively impact on the quality of the produced artifacts as well as other elements of the whole process. During the metamodeling phase, modelers can benefit from assistance to avoid mistakes, e.g., getting recommendations like metaclasses and structural features relevant to the metamodel being defined. However, suitable machinery is needed to mine data from repositories of existing modeling artifacts and compute recommendations. In this work, we propose MemoRec, a novel approach that makes use of a collaborative filtering strategy to recommend valuable entities related to the metamodel under construction. Our approach can provide suggestions related to both metaclasses and structured features that should be added in the metamodel under definition. We assess the quality of the work with respect to different metrics, i.e., success rate, precision, and recall. The results demonstrate that MemoRec is capable of suggesting relevant items given a partial metamodel and supporting modelers in their task.
Comparative study of a wearable intelligent sleep monitor and polysomnography monitor for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Xu Yanxia , Ou Qiong , Cheng Yilu , Lao Miaochan , Pei Guo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Due to the lack of an objective population-based screening tool for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a large number of patients with potential OSA have not been identified in the general population. Our study compared an objective wearable sleep monitoring device with polysomnography (PSG) to provide a reference for OSA screening in a large population.

Methods
Using a self-control method, patients admitted to our sleep center from July 2020 to March 2021 were selected for overnight PSG and wearable intelligent sleep monitor (WISM) at the same time. The sensitivity and specificity of the device for the diagnosis of OSA were evaluated.

Results
A total of 196 participants (mean age: 45.1 ± 12.3 years [18–80 years]; 168 men [86%]) completed both PSG and WISM monitoring. Using an apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 5 events/h as the diagnostic criterion, the sensitivity, specificity, kappa value, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the WISM for OSA diagnosis were 93%, 77%, 0.6, and 0.95, respectively. Using an AHI ≥ 15 events/h as the diagnostic criterion for moderate-to-severe OSA, these values were 92%, 89%, 0.8, and 0.95, respectively. The mean difference in the AHI between PSG and the artificial intelligence oxygen desaturation index from the WISM was 6.8 events/h (95% confidence interval: − 13.1 to 26.7).

Conclusion
Compared with the PSG, WISM exhibits good sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of OSA. This small, simple, and easy-to-use device is more suitable for OSA screening in a large population because of its single-step application procedure.
Preparation and characterization of N-doped ZnO and N-doped TiO2 beads for photocatalytic degradation of phenol and ammonia
Authors: Mandor Hagar , Amin Nevine K. , Abdelwahab Ola , El-Ashtoukhy El-Sayed Z. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
N-doped ZnO beads (NZB) and N-doped TiO2 beads (NTB) were synthesized via a modified sol–gel technique utilizing chitosan (CS)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel beads as basic support for photocatalyst. Urea was used as a source of nitrogen in the preparation of N-doped ZnO beads, while ammonium acetate, CH3COONH4, was used as a nitrogen source in the production of N-doped TiO2 beads. The characteristics of synthesized beads were identified by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, BET surface area, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) measurements, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) studies. The use of the nitrogen doping method for photocatalyst was performed to adjust the bandgap and electrical properties of ZnO and TiO2 by establishing acceptor defects. NZB and NTB with the intrinsic donor defect of oxygen vacancy and the nitrogen-to-oxygen acceptor defect could be activated by a less-energy UV consumption for efficient pollutant degradation. The results indicated that the as-synthesized NZB achieved much higher degradation activity than NTB, commercial ZnO, and TiO2 in the decomposition of a binary mixture composed of ammonia and phenol under UV light irradiation.
Phenotype of Gambling Disorder Patients with Lotteries as a Preferred Form of Gambling
Authors: Granero Roser , Fernández-Aranda Fernando , Mena-Moreno Teresa , del Pino-Gutierrez Amparo , Codina Ester , Gómez-Peña Mónica , Moragas Laura , Aymamí Neus , Mestre-Bach Gemma , Steward Trevor , Agüera Zaida , Hakånsson Anders , Vintró-Alcaraz Cristina , Lozano-Madrid María , Casalé-Salayet Gemma , López-González Hibai , Valenciano-Mendoza Eduardo , Mora-Maltas Bernat , Rivas-Pérez Sandra , Menchón José M. , Jiménez-Murcia Susana 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Lottery gambling can become an addictive behavior which can significantly interfere with daily functioning. The objectives of this work were to estimate the prevalence of lottery gambling, to assess the profile related to this gambling type in a large clinical sample of patients who met criteria for gambling disorder (GD), and to compare this profile with the other two non-strategic forms of gambling (slot-machines and bingo). Sample included n = 3,531 patients consecutively attended for treatment-seeking due to gambling-related problems. All the participants met criteria for GD and were into the range of 18 to 85 years old. Sociodemographic variables, GD severity, psychopathological state, and personality traits were assessed. Statistical comparisons between the groups defined by the patients’ gambling preference (lotteries versus other gambling activities) were conducted, with chi-square test and analysis of variance. The prevalence of lotteries as the only gambling activity was 2.5%, 8.9% for lottery gambling as primary activity with other secondary gambling types, and 20.6% for lotteries as primary or secondary gambling activity. Lottery gambling and bingo gambling were more prevalent among women (bingo included the highest percentage of women). Compared to slot machine gambling, lotteries and bingo grouped older patients and those with later age of onset of the gambling-related problems. Bingo gambling showed the highest psychological distress and the most dysfunctional personality traits. This study shows the high frequency of lottery gambling among treatment-seeking for GD patients, and it provides empirical evidence about the profile associated with this gambling activity compared to other non-strategic gambling forms. The likelihood of lottery gambling is higher for women, patients married or living with a stable partner, and those within higher social position indexes.
Understanding the Influence and Impact of Stakeholder Engagement in Patient-centered Outcomes Research: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Maurer Maureen , Mangrum Rikki , Hilliard-Boone Tandrea , Amolegbe Andrew , Carman Kristin L. , Forsythe Laura , Mosbacher Rachel , Lesch Julie Kennedy , Woodward Krista 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Engaging patients and other stakeholders as partners in research offers promise in improving the relevance and usefulness of research findings.

Objective
To explore the influence and impact of patient and other stakeholder engagement on the planning and conduct of comparative effectiveness research studies.

Design
Qualitative study with virtual, hour-long semi-structured interviews.

Participants
Fifty-eight researchers and fifty-one partners from a diverse purposeful sample of fifty-eight studies funded by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI).

Approach
Content and thematic analysis of interview data.

Key Results
Described as an integral, long-term part of the research process, engagement influenced all aspects of the design and execution of studies. Partner influence was also dynamic and iterative, taking different forms over the course of the study. Across studies, we identified 387 discrete examples of influence and classified each as one of five types of influence, derived inductively from the interview data: co-producing, redirecting, refining, confirming, and limited. Most projects exhibited multiple types of influence, with 50 researchers and 41 partners reporting two or more types of influence within a project. Of the 387 examples of stakeholder influence, 306 had at least one reported impact on the study. Such impacts included changes to reflect the needs and preferences of patients or clinicians, as well as impacts on study feasibility, study quality, engagement scope or quality, and study relevance. Both researchers and partners identified multiple types of impact within projects, with 42 researchers and 38 partners reporting two or more types within a project. Because of these observable impacts, researchers and partners described engagement as worthwhile.

Conclusions
Findings provide insights for funders and institutions supporting engagement, measurement efforts, and clinical researchers aiming to conduct engaged research and observe similar influences and impacts in their own studies.
A Raman-Structure Model for the Viscosity of SiO2-CaO-Al2O3 System
Authors: Haghdani Shokouh , Tangstad Merete , Einarsrud Kristian Etienne 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The relationship between structure and viscosity of molten slags is investigated using the Raman spectroscopy technique. To this end, a group of 20 synthetic slags in the SiO2-CaO-Al2O3 ternary system is considered. The slag compositions are close to industrial slags in silicon and ferrosilicon production, namely SiO2 contents of 35 to 75 wt pct, CaO contents of 10 to 40 wt pct, and Al2O3 contents of 5 to 40 wt pct. Using a green source laser with 532 nm wavelength, the Raman spectra are measured within the wavenumbers on the order of 200 to 1300 cm−1. To model viscosity using the Raman spectroscopy data, the ratio of low and high wavenumber vibrational bands is introduced as a structure-related Raman parameter (R). The Arrhenius equation is employed for the temperature dependency of the slag viscosity, where its parameters are linked to the R parameter through curve fitting. To model the relationship between structure and viscosity, experimental viscosity data are adopted from the literature. Comparing the model predictions and experiments, a good agreement is found between the model and measured values of viscosity.
3D printed patient-specific prostate cancer models to guide nerve-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a systematic review
Authors: Coles-Black Jasamine , Ong Sean , Teh Jiasian , Kearns Paul , Ischia Joseph , Bolton Damien , Lawrentschuk Nathan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrecise knowledge of each patient’s index cancer and surrounding anatomy is required for nerve-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (NS-RARP). Complementary to this, 3D printing has proven its utility in improving the visualisation of complex anatomy. This is the first systematic review to critically assess the potential of 3D printed patient-specific prostate cancer models in improving visualisation and the practice of NS-RARP. A literature search of PubMed and OVID Medline databases was performed using the terms “3D Printing”, “Robot Assisted Radical Prostatectomy” and related index terms as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Eight articles were included; six were identified via database searches, to which a further two articles were located via a snowballing approach. Eight papers were identified for review. There were five prospective single centre studies, one case series, one technical report and one letter to the editor. Of these articles, five publications (62.5%) reported on the utility of 3D printed models for NS-RARP planning. Two publications (25%) utilised 3D printed prostate models for simulation and training, and two publications (25%) used the models for patient engagement. Despite the nascency of the field, 3D printed models are emerging in the uro-oncological literature as a useful tool in visualising complex anatomy. This has proven useful in NS-RARP for preoperative planning, simulation and patient engagement. However, best practice guidelines, the future regulatory landscape, and health economic considerations need to be addressed before this synergy of new technologies is ready for the mainstream.
Inter-organizational social capital of firms in developing economies and industry 4.0 readiness: the role of innovative capability and absorptive capacity
Authors: ul zia Najam , Burita Ladislav , Yang Yumei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe globalization of markets provides opportunities for firms to collaborate on various activities. These collaborations are the resource of social capital for firms to achieve sustainable competitiveness. This study aims to investigate how social capital (i.e., structural, relational, and cognitive social capital) between firms in a developing economy and developed economy strengthens their innovation capability and enhance their industry 4.0 readiness. Using Smart PLS-SEM to analyse the data collected from 320 managers representing 81 manufacturing firms in Pakistan, we found that social capital is positively associated with industry 4.0 readiness, and innovative capability mediates this relationship. The study contributes to the existing knowledge of understanding industry 4.0 readiness and provides useful insights for firms in developing economy to improves their innovation capability during the industry 4.0 era. This study likewise reveals the significance of three dimensions of social capital, which can facilitate to bring in digital knowledge from developed economies to developed economies to get ready for the fourth industrial revolution.
A Forgotten Figure: Hans L. Zetterberg at Columbia and the Transfer of Knowledge Between the United States and Sweden
Authors: Velásquez Paolo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe main purpose of this paper is to provide a biographical sketch of the late Hans L. Zetterberg and a historical background to a translation of an essay based on a lecture given by Zetterberg in Stockholm in 1995. In it, he recounts his time at the Department of Sociology at Columbia University in the years 1953–1964. This essay is full of insights into an inspiring and formative period for Zetterberg in the United States, particularly in the stimulating milieu that was Columbia, at this time the center of American sociology led by Robert K. Merton and Paul Lazarsfeld. In the introduction to this translated essay, I give a brief overview of the establishment of sociology as a discipline in Sweden, and the transfer of knowledge between the United States and Sweden (and Europe, more broadly), embodied in Hans Zetterberg. In the post-WWII years, American sociology, which had a strong positivistic imprint, played an important role in shaping the beginnings of Swedish sociology. However, the transfer of knowledge went both ways, with Zetterberg, a semi-central and often neglected figure, being both a significant contributor to sociology at Columbia in its period of greatest prominence, and in his native Sweden.
Indigenous Perspectives of Immigration Policy in a Settler Country
Authors: Bauder Harald , Breen Rebecca 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe immigration policies in settler colonial countries rarely consider Indigenous perspectives or solicit their input—a reality that is particularly problematic given the key role that immigration policies have played and continue to play in the colonialization process. In this paper, we use Canada as a case study to examine the intersection of Indigenous experiences and the country’s immigration policy, and why and how Indigenous voices have been excluded from decision-making about immigrant selection. In addition, we review the academic and grey literature to investigate what the Indigenous perspectives that have been shared surrounding immigration policy currently are. Some perspectives affirm the need and desire for new immigrants while simultaneously engaging with the Canadian state’s problematic treatment of temporary migrants. Other perspectives fundamentally challenge the Westphalian state and its claim to regulate human mobility in the name of sovereignty. We connect these perspectives with academic open borders and no border debates.