bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intervention for Nigerian preservice historians’ maladaptive academic perfectionism
Authors: Oloidi Frances Jumoke , Victor-Aigbodion Vera , Ossai Osita Victor , Ilechukwu Leonard C. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background:
Individuals enrolled in a university program that will lead to a degree in history are considered preservice historians in the context of this study. Their goal is to become professional historians after graduating from the university. The purpose of this study was to determine whether cognitive behavioral coaching (CBC) had an effect on maladaptive academic perfectionism in Nigerian preservice historians.

Method:
The study included a randomized sample of 98 preservice historians from Nigerian public universities in the country's Southeast zone [49 preservice historians were assigned to the cognitive behavioral coaching group—CBC Group, while 49 preservice historians were assigned to the waitlist control group—Waitlist control Group].

Results:
The finding indicate that preservice historians’ maladaptive academic perfectionism decreased significantly following cognitive behavioral coaching. There was also a significant interaction effect of time and group on the reduction of preservice historians’ maladaptive academic perfectionism.

Conclusion:
This study suggests that cognitive behavioral coaching is an effective intervention for preservice historians who struggle with maladaptive academic perfectionism. The study's implications for history lecturers were discussed. Future study could investigate how maladaptive academic perfectionism affects postgraduate history students and how CBC can help them.
Survey Research
Authors: Speroni Karen Gabel , Budhathoki Chakra , Walters Cynthia , Dutton Suzanne , Mackay Periwinkle , Oguariri Raphael M. 
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVE
Researchers examined professional nursing governance perception differences by RN type (clinical, manager, and other RNs), and nurse-related outcome associations.

BACKGROUND
Shared governance is associated with improved nurse-related outcomes. Understanding differences in RN types regarding shared governance perceptions is important and not well studied.

METHODS
Mean Index of Professional Nursing Governance (IPNG) scores from 3 hospitals' 502 RNs were used to evaluate associations by RN type and unit-based nurse-related outcomes. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used.

RESULTS
Shared governance was the predominant finding (overall score and 4 of 6 subscale scores) with no significant differences by RN type. Traditional governance was scored for 1 subscale (control over personnel), which was not significant. There were no significant differences in the IPNG score associations with outcomes data by RN type.

CONCLUSIONS
Clinical nurses, managers, and other RN types perceived their governance as shared, without significant difference in the nurses' perceptions based on role.
Compliance study of hip protector users for prevention of fragility fracture: A pilot randomized trial
Authors: Wong Man Sang , Wu Hui Dong , Beygi Babak Hassan , Zhang Qian , Lin Yangmin , Chan Wing Sheung , Lou Edmond 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Hip protectors have been widely used for hip fracture prevention in the elderly, but its efficacy remains controversial. Users' compliance to hip protector is an important factor for its efficacy. However, the assessment of users' compliance tended to be subjective and unreliable in the past.

Objectives:
To quantify the elderly's compliance to hip protectors and investigate the effect of different underpant designs on the elderly's compliance.

Study Design:
A pilot randomized trial.

Methods:
Thirty-one participants were recruited and provided with hip protectors in which compliance monitors were installed and delivered with three pairs of either the conventional underpants or the purpose-design underpants randomly. Participants were encouraged to use the hip protectors with the assigned underpants for whole day. After 4 weeks, compliance data were downloaded from the compliance monitors. Participants were also asked to fill a survey form for acceptance analysis. The Spearman correlation coefficient and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test/2 independent samples t test/Mann-Whitney U test were used for the corresponding statistical analyses.

Results:
Thirty-one participants were recruited initially. Eighteen participants were excluded from instrumented compliance analysis because of limited or no data collection. The data of the resting 13 participants (six in the conventional underpants group and seven in purpose-design underpants group) were analyzed and showed an average instrumented compliance of 77.5% which was lower than the average self-reporting compliance (83.3%) of all the available 23 participants (eight of 31 became wheelchair-bounded). Participants' compliance was positively correlated with their acceptance to the hip protectors and significantly higher in the purpose-design underpants group than in the conventional underpants group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
This pilot study demonstrated a feasible protocol for compliance quantification of the elderly to the hip protectors, the importance to have an objective compliance measure to assess users' actual compliance, and purpose-design underpants could improve the users' compliance. Future studies with long-term observation and large sample size deserve further proof of the current findings.
Effect of COVID-19 on Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery Fellowship Education and Training
Authors: Butler Brandy M. , Biller Daniel H. 
Published: April 2022

Importance
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a noticeable disruption in national medical and surgical care, including medical training.

Objectives
We designed a survey to examine the educational effect of the pandemic on female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery (FPMRS) training and secondarily to identify areas for innovation and opportunity in FPMRS fellowship training.

Study Design
We used an online survey, approved by the American Urogynecologic Society Scientific Committee and distributed it to FPMRS fellows with responses obtained and stored in REDCap. Demographic data, educational and surgical experiences, the implications of the changes, and data regarding working from home were collected.

Results
The survey was completed by 88 fellows, with 92% of respondents being obstetrics and gynecology- based. All 10 geographic regions had at least one response. Six regions had a 50% or greater redeployment rate. Only 16% of respondents were not redeployed or on-call to be redeployed. Eighty-five percent of the ob/gyn fellow redeployments were within their home department. There was no relationship between training region and redeployment. Only 31.7% of the respondents continued to perform any FPMRS surgery. Approximately 35% of the fellows desired the opportunity for surgical simulation training because surgical cases were reduced.
No relationship was seen between either redeployment status and needs (P = 0.087–0.893) or difficulties (P = 0.092–0.864) nor training location and needs (P = 0.376–0.935) or difficulties (P = 0.110–0.921).

Conclusions
There was a high rate of redeployment among fellows; however, this was not associated with their reported needs and difficulties. The FPMRS-related surgical experience was affected during this time, and the fellows desired increased surgical simulation training.
The Role of Pessaries in the Treatment of Women With Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Klein Julia , Stoddard Michelina , Rardin Charles , Menefee Shawn , Sedrakyan Art , Sansone Stephanie , Chughtai Bilal 
Published: April 2022

Importance
Pessaries are an important conservative therapy for stress urinary incontinence (SUI), but few studies have comprehensively evaluated their utility.

Objective
The objective of this study is to evaluate the existing evidence on the efficacy and safety of pessaries for the treatment of SUI.

Study Design
We searched for the terms “stress urinary incontinence” and “pessar/y/ies/ium” in PubMed, Embase, and Cinhal on June 10, 2020. Studies that characterized subjective and/or objective data were included. Studies performed in pediatric populations, pregnancy, and use of pessaries not for SUI were excluded. Two reviewers independently screened and assessed data quality and risk of bias according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Results
Ten studies, including 376 patients, were included. In terms of subjective outcomes, 76% of 72 patients reported feeling continent after pessary treatment compared with 0% of 86 patients surveyed before pessary use (P < 0.0001). Both Urinary Distress Inventory and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire scores decreased significantly by 46.7% (n = 155 baseline, n = 139 follow-up; P < 0.0001) and 67.8% (n = 139 baseline, n = 107 follow-up; P < 0.0001), respectively. Significant objective measures associated with pessary use included increased urethral closure pressure (n = 122; g = 0.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.66 to 1.77; P < 0.049) and decreased pad weight (n = 129 baseline; n = 118 follow-up; g = −0.89; 95% CI, −1.986 to 0.19; P = 0.009). Adverse events significantly decreased at greater than 6 months follow-up compared with less than 6 months follow-up, including pain (31.5%, n = 29/92 vs 14.3%, n = 5/35; P = 0.0513) and discomfort (50%, n = 46/92 vs 29.3%, n = 12/41; P = 0.0268).

Conclusions
Based on both subjective and objective measures, pessaries are an effective conservative treatment option for SUI. This supports pessary use, though larger studies with longer-term follow-up are warranted.
Assessing the Content and Readability of Robotic and Laparoscopic Sacrocolpopexy Information Online
Authors: Lim Remington , Wang Joanna C. , Wang Liz B. , Ng Linda , Wason Shaun E. , Wang David S. 
Published: April 2022

Importance
Apical pelvic organ prolapse is a common condition that affects women. Currently, sacrocolpopexy is considered the criterion standard surgical treatment, with an increasing preference for minimally invasive techniques.

Objective
In this study, the content and readability of select internet pages describing robotic and laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy were evaluated.

Study Design
Using an online key word planner, the phrases “robotic sacrocolpopexy” and “laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy” were determined to be the most popular search terms. These terms were systematically browsed in incognito mode in 3 of the most popular web search engines: Google, Yahoo, and Bing. Links that were nontext primary, duplicate, irrelevant, and non-English were excluded. The Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level and Flesch-Kincaid Reading Ease indices were used to assess readability.

Results
The average readability of all sites was 12.9, requiring at least a 12th-grade reading level, which is significantly higher than the recommended American Medical Association/National Institutes of Health (AMA/NIH) level of sixth-grade or below. One hundred percent of all analyzed sites were above this recommended sixth-grade reading level. There was no significant difference between mean grade level or reading ease score from the type of web source (P = 0.32 and 0.34, respectively), approach of surgery (P = 0.91, 0.70), or specialty (P = 0.48, 0.36).

Conclusions
Almost all websites require at least a high school education to properly comprehend, regardless of source or specialty. It is important that health care providers be aware of available information, so they may direct patients to specific resources that are personally validated or provide in-office materials at an appropriate reading level.
Trends Among Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery Fellowships and Graduates
Authors: Gerjevic Kristen A. , Brandes Eileen , Gormley E. Ann , Auty Samantha G. , Strohbehn Kris 
Published: April 2022

Importance
Understanding differences in female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery (FPMRS) urology and gynecology-based fellowships is important because both are accredited by the American Board of Medical Subspecialties.

Objective
The aim of the study was to characterize urology-based and gynecology-based FPMRS fellowships.

Material and Methods
An institutional review board–approved 21-item survey was emailed to Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited FPMRS fellowship program directors from January 8 through March 9, 2021. The survey aimed to characterize fellowships through a series of common and specialty-specific questions. Responses were collected with Qualtrics and analyzed using STATA/MP Version 16.1.

Results
The response rate was 75% (52/69). Many programs accept both gynecology- and urology-trained applicants (urology-based fellowships, 45.4%; gynecology-based fellowships, 68.3%) since the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education accreditation in 2012. Within the gynecology-based cohort, there have been 10 urology-trained graduates among 7 programs (n = 1–2). Barriers to accepting urology applicants were limited gynecologic knowledge/experience (n = 14) and length of training (n = 11). Thirty-seven (94.8%) reported their graduates log more than 30 hysterectomies and 8.3% (n = 3) log 3 or more urinary diversions.
Within the urology-based cohort, there have been 16 gynecology-trained graduates among 4 programs (n = 2–7). Lack of urologic clinical knowledge (n = 4) and training length (n = 2) were cited as barriers to accepting gynecology-trained applicants. Three (27%) reported that their graduates log more than 30 hysterectomies, while 8 (72.7%) reported that graduates log 3 or more urinary diversions.

Conclusions
Despite many FPMRS programs stating that they accept gynecology or urology-trained applicants, few fellows graduate from outside specialty FPMRS training programs. Several barriers were identified that may prevent trainees acceptance outside of their residency specialty. Procedural training experience differs between urology- and gynecology-based fellowships.
Expert Consensus on the Use of Teprotumumab for the Management of Thyroid Eye Disease Using a Modified-Delphi Approach
Authors: Douglas Raymond S. , Kossler Andrea L. , Abrams Jody , Briceño Cesar A. , Gay David , Harrison Andrew , Lee Michael , Nguyen John , Joseph Shannon S. , Schlachter Dianne , Tan Jeremy , Lynch Judah , Oliver Louisa , Perry Richard , Ugradar Shoaib 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Teprotumumab is the first treatment for thyroid eye disease (TED), a debilitating autoinflammatory condition, approved by the Food and Drug Administration in the United States, which reduces proptosis and improves quality of life. In the absence of guidelines, clinical recommendations were developed for using teprotumumab in patients with TED in the United States.

Methods:
A 3-round modified-Delphi panel was conducted between October 2020 and February 2021 with experts in the management of patients with TED. Key areas regarding the use of teprotumumab were investigated, including eligible patient populations, concomitant treatments, and assessment of response and adverse events. This used 2 survey rounds via an online questionnaire, where statements were scored using 9-point Likert scales. Statements with conflict were included in the third round, involving a consensus meeting via videoconference.

Results:
Consensus was obtained for all statements (n = 75); of which, 56% were revised to enable agreement of the group. The consensus meeting provided agreement regarding which populations should receive teprotumumab therapy, including all adult patients with TED with a clinical activity score of ≥4. Treatment with teprotumumab can also be considered for TED patients displaying the following characteristics: a CAS of <3, lid retraction of ≥2, and mild or early optic neuropathy with close clinical observation. Further recommendations included suitability of treatment for those beyond 16 months following the initial diagnosis of TED, low CAS concomitant treatment with steroids in some cases, retreatment for those who have relapses, and finally a recommendation to continue therapy for all 8 infusions despite the lack of response by the fourth infusion.

Conclusions:
This work constitutes the first consensus on guidelines for the use of teprotumumab. The modified Delphi approach involved physicians with significant experience with the clinical use of teprotumumab, and recommendations were based on current evidence.
Development of highly specific singleplex and multiplex real-time reverse transcription PCR assays for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and Delta variants
Authors: Garson Jeremy A. , Badru Samuel , Badhan Anjna , Dustan Simon , Tedder Richard S. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTThe Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 (B.1.1.529), first identified during November 2021, is rapidly spreading throughout the world, replacing the previously dominant Delta variant. Omicron has a high number of mutations in the spike gene, some of which are associated with greatly increased transmissibility and immune evasion. The BA.1 sublineage has been most prevalent but there is recent evidence that the BA.2 sublineage is increasing in proportion in many countries. Genome sequencing is the gold standard for Omicron identification but is relatively slow, resource intensive, of limited capacity and often unavailable. We therefore developed a simple, rapid reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) method for sensitive and specific detection of the Omicron variant, including both the BA.1 and BA.2 sublineages. The assay targets a total of 5 nucleotide mutations in the receptor binding domain of the spike gene that give rise to 4 amino acid substitutions at G339D, S371L, S373P and S375F. The forward primer was designed as a double-mismatch allele specific primer (DMAS) with an additional artificial mismatch located four nucleotides from the 3’ end to enhance binding specificity. Assay specificity was confirmed by testing a wide range of previously-sequenced culture-derived viral isolates and clinical samples including the Alpha, Beta and Delta variants and ‘wild type’ SARS-CoV-2. Respiratory syncytial virus and influenza A were also tested. The assay can be run in singleplex format, or alternatively as a multiplex RT-PCR to enable Omicron and Delta variants to be detected and distinguished within the same reaction by means of probes labelled with different fluorescent dyes. Sublineages BA.1 and BA.2 can be differentiated if required. The methods presented here can readily be established in any PCR laboratory and should provide valuable support for epidemiologic surveillance of Omicron infections, particularly in those regions that lack extensive sequencing facilities.
Broadly neutralizing and protective nanobodies against diverse sarbecoviruses
Authors: Li Mingxi , Ren Yifei , Aw Zhen Qin , Chen Bo , Yang Ziqing , Lei Yuqing , Cheng Lin , Liang Qingtai , Hong Junxian , Yang Yiling , Chen Jing , Wong Yi Hao , Shan Sisi , Zhang Senyan , Ge Jiwan , Wang Ruoke , Shi Xuanling , Zhang Qi , Zhang Zheng , Chu Justin Jang Hann , Wang Xinquan , Zhang Linqi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAs SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and other variants of concern continue spreading around the world, development of antibodies and vaccines to confer broad and protective activity is a global priority. Here, we report on the identification of a special group of nanobodies from immunized alpaca with exceptional breadth and potency against diverse sarbecoviruses including SARS-CoV-1, Omicron BA.1, and BA.2. Crystal structure analysis of one representative nanobody, 3-2A2-4, revealed a highly conserved epitope between the cryptic and the outer face of the receptor binding domain (RBD). The epitope is readily accessible regardless of RBD in “up” or “down” conformation and distinctive from the receptor ACE2 binding site. Passive delivery of 3-2A2-4 protected K18-hACE2 mice from infection of authentic SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron. This group of nanobodies and the epitope identified should provide invaluable reference for the development of next generation antibody therapies and vaccines against wide varieties of SARS-CoV-2 infection and beyond.
Heavy metal pollution impacts soil bacterial community structure and antimicrobial resistance at the Birmingham 35th Avenue Superfund Site
Authors: Goswami Anuradha , Adkins-Jablonsky Sarah J. , Barreto Filho Marcelo Malisano , Schilling Michelle D. , Dawson Alex , Heiser Sabrina , O’Connor Aisha , Walker Melissa , Roberts Qutia , Morris J. Jeffrey 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTHeavy metals (HMs) are known to modify bacterial communities both in the laboratory and in situ. As a consequence, soils in HM contaminated sites like the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Superfund sites are predicted to have altered ecosystem functioning, with potential ramifications for the health of organisms, including humans, that live nearby. Further, several studies have shown that metal tolerant bacteria are often also resistant to antimicrobial agents (AMR), and therefore HM contaminated soils could potentially act as reservoirs that could disseminate AMR genes into human-associated pathogenic bacteria. To explore this possibility soil samples were collected from six public locations in the zip code 35207 (the home of the North Birmingham 35th Avenue Superfund site) and in six public areas in a neighboring reference zip code (35214). Sequencing of the V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene revealed that elevated concentrations of HMs As, Mn, Pb, and Zn reduced microbial diversity and altered community structure within each zip code. While there was no difference between zip codes in the proportion of total culturable microbes that survived antimicrobial or metal exposure, bacterial isolates with HMR almost always also exhibited AMR. Metagenomes inferred using PICRUST2 also predicted significantly higher mean relative frequencies in 35207 for several AMR genes related to both specific and broad-spectrum AMR phenotypes. Together, these results support the hypothesis that chronic HM pollution alters soil bacterial community structure in ecologically meaningful ways and may also select for bacteria with increased potential to contribute to AMR in human bacterial disease.
Relative infectivity of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in human alveolar cells
Authors: Kim Taewoo , Min Kyoung Il , Yang Jeong-Sun , Kim Jun Won , Cho Junhyung , Kim Yun Ho , Lee Jeong Seok , Kim Young Tae , Kim Kyung-Chang , Kim Jeong Yeon , Na Kwon Joong , Lee Joo-Yeon , Ju Young Seok 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWith the emergence of multiple highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants during the recent pandemic, the comparison of their infectivity has become a substantially critical issue for public health. However, a direct assessment of these viral characteristics has been challenging due to the lack of appropriate experimental models and efficient methods. Here, we integrated human alveolar organoids and single-cell transcriptome sequencing techniques to facilitate the evaluation. In a proof-of-concept study using the assay with four highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants, including GR (B.1.1.119), Alpha (B.1.1.7), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (BA.1), a rapid evaluation of the relative infectivity was possible. Our results demonstrate that the Omicron (BA.1) variant is 3-5-fold more infectious to human alveolar cells than the other SARS-CoV-2 variants at the early phase of infection. To our knowledge, this study provides the first direct measurement of the infectivity of the Omicron variant and new experimental procedures that can be applied for monitoring newly emerging viral variants.