bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Post-stroke Dysphagia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wen Xin , Liu Zicai , Zhong Lida , Peng Yang , Wang Jing , Liu Huiyu , Gong Xiaoqian 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied to the mylohyoid cortical region has positive clinical effects on post-stroke. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy of rTMS for patients with post-stroke dysphagia.MethodsAccording to PRISMA guidelines, we searched the databases of MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wangfang. We searched for studies of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of rTMS to treat dysphagia after stroke and screened by inclusion and exclusion criteria. Features of RCTs were extracted. The heterogeneity of the trials was measured by I2 statistic.ResultsIn total, 11 RCTs with 463 dysphagia patients fulfilled our inclusion criteria. In our analysis, rTMS demonstrated a great beneficial effect for post-stroke dysphagia when combined with traditional swallowing exercises. Moreover, a greatly significant difference (P = 0.008) was noted based on stimulation frequency (high frequency vs. low frequency). Additionally, no significant difference (P = 0.53) was observed based on stimulation site (affected vs. unaffected hemisphere).ConclusionsOverall, rTMS can effectively accelerate the improvement of swallowing function in patients with post-stroke swallowing disorders.
Higher Coffee Consumption Is Associated With Reduced Cerebral Gray Matter Volume: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zheng Bing-Kun , Niu Peng-Peng 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundRecently published two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) studies showed that genetically predicted coffee consumption may be associated with increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease and intracerebral hemorrhage but associated with a decreased risk of small vessel ischemic stroke. We aimed to investigate the effects of genetically predicted coffee consumption on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers of cerebral small vessel disease and brain volume using the two-sample MR method.MethodsTwelve single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in up to 375,833 individuals were used as genetic instruments for cups consumed per day of coffee. Another four SNPs from an independent sample were used to perform the replication analysis. Three SNPs in up to 45,821 individuals were used as genetic instruments for high coffee consumption vs. low/no coffee consumption.ResultsMendelian randomization analysis showed that coffee consumption (cups/day) was inversely associated with gray matter volume (beta = −0.371, 95% CI = −0.596 to −0.147, p = 0.001). Replication analysis and multivariable analyses after adjusting for other risk factors confirmed the effect. High coffee consumption was also suggestively associated with decreased gray matter volume (beta = −0.061, 95% CI = −0.109 to −0.013, p = 0.013) compared with low/no coffee consumption. All analyses did not find an effect of coffee consumption on other outcomes including white matter hyperintensity volume, mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy, brain microbleed, total brain volume, white matter volume, and hippocampus volume.ConclusionThis two-sample MR study showed that genetically predicted higher coffee consumption is causally associated with reduced gray matter volume of the brain.
Clinical Outcomes of MRI-Guided Adaptive Brachytherapy for Each Fraction in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Single Institution Experience
Authors: Chi Yunbo , Pan Ying , Zhang Ning , Han Dongmei , Guo Xin , Mao Zhuang , Cheng Guanghui 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis study aims to evaluate clinical outcomes of MRI-guided adaptive brachytherapy (MR-IGABT) for each brachytherapy fraction in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC).Methods and MaterialsA retrospective analysis was performed on 97 consecutive patients with LACC treated with 44.0–50.4 Gy external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) ± concurrent platinum-containing chemotherapy followed by 4 × 7 Gy MR-IGABT between September 2014 and April 2019. Intracavitary (IC)/interstitial (IS)/hybrid intracavitary and interstitial (IC/IS) brachytherapy was used in MR-IGABT. Brachytherapy planning and dose reporting followed the GEC-ESTRO recommendations. Clinical outcomes including overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), progression-free survival (PFS), local control (LC), and treatment-related toxicity evaluated by the RTOG criteria were analyzed. Kaplan–Meier and univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to analyze the prognostic factor.ResultsMedian follow-up was 21.1 months. Median dose to 90% (D90) of the high-risk clinical target volume (HR-CTV) was 91.7 Gy (range 76.7~107.2 Gy). Two-year OS, CSS, PFS, and LC were 83.5%, 84.1%, 71.1%, and 94.8%, respectively. Four patients (4.1%) suffered from grade 3 late gastrointestinal radiation toxicity, and no other grade 3 or greater radiation toxicity occurred. Initial HR-CTV was an independent factor of OS (p = 0.001, HR = 1.018/cm3), PFS (p = 0.012, HR = 1.012/cm3), and LC (p = 0.011, HR = 1.028/cm3). The HR-CTV D90 (p = 0.044, HR = 0.923/Gy) was an independent factor of PFS. Age was an independent factor of LC (p = 0.010, HR = 1.111/year).ConclusionFor patients with LACC, MR-IGABT was effective and safe. It showed favorable LC, OS, and minimal toxicity. Moreover, initial HR-CTV, HR-CTV D90, and age were significant prognostic factors.
Long-Term Outcomes of an International Cooperative Study of Intraoperative Radiotherapy Upfront Boost With Low Energy X-Rays in Breast Cancer
Authors: Sarria Gustavo R. , Ramos Maria L. , Palacios Amalia , Del Castillo Ruben , Castro Felipe , Calvo Angel , Cotrina Jose M. , Heredia Adela , Galarreta Jose A. , Fuentes-Rivera Paola , Avalos Alicia , Martinez David A. , Colqui Kevin , Ziegler Gonzalo , Schmeel Leonard Christopher , Pinillos Luis V. , Wenz Frederik , Giordano Frank A. , Sarria Gustavo J. , Sperk Elena 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to assess the effectivity of upfront kilovoltage intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) as a boost in high-risk early-stage breast cancer patients from an international pooled cohort.Materials/MethodsPatients from four centers in three different countries were retrospectively screened. Those with a minimum 1-year follow-up were included. Cumulative local (LR), regional (RR), and distant metastasis rates (DM) were analyzed. Additionally, the estimated overall survival (OS) was assessed. The Cox regression analysis was performed to identify failure predicting factors.ResultsA total of 653 patients from centers in Peru, Spain, and Germany were included. The median follow-up was 55 (12–180) months, and age was 58 (27–86) years. Clinical tumor (T) staging was T1 65.85%, T2 30.17%, and T3 3.98%. Positive margins were found in 7.9% and in-situ component in 20.06%. The median IORT dose was 20 (6–20). The median time from IORT to EBRT was 74.5 (13-364) days. An overall 3.4% (n = 22) of patients developed local recurrence at some point during follow-up. The 12-, 60-, and 120-month cumulative LR were 0.3%, 2.3%, and 7.9%, respectively. After multivariate analysis, only age &lt;50 remained to be a significant prognostic factor for local recurrence (HR 0.19, 95% CI 0.08–0.47; p &lt; 0.05). The 10-year estimated OS was 81.2%.ConclusionUpfront boost with IORT yields similar local control outcomes to those EBRT-based reports. Results from prospective trials, regarding toxicity, cosmesis, and effectivity are awaited to confirm these findings.
Development and Validation of Novel Nomograms to Predict the Overall Survival and Cancer-Specific Survival of Cervical Cancer Patients With Lymph Node Metastasis
Authors: Yi Jianying , Liu Zhili , Wang Lu , Zhang Xingxin , Pi Lili , Zhou Chunlei , Mu Hong 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to establish and validate novel individualized nomograms for predicting the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in cervical cancer patients with lymph node metastasis.MethodsA total of 2,956 cervical cancer patients diagnosed with lymph node metastasis (American Joint Committee on Cancer, AJCC N stage=N1) between 2000 and 2018 were included in this study. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were applied to identify independent prognostic predictors, and the nomograms were established to predict the OS and CSS. The concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to estimate the precision and discriminability of the nomograms. Decision-curve analysis (DCA) was used to assess the clinical utility of the nomograms.ResultsTumor size, log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS), radiotherapy, surgery, T stage, histology, and grade resulted as significant independent predictors both for OS and CSS. The C-index value of the prognostic nomogram for predicting OS was 0.788 (95% CI, 0.762–0.814) and 0.777 (95% CI, 0.758–0.796) in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Meanwhile, the C-index value of the prognostic nomogram for predicting CSS was 0.792 (95% CI, 0.767–0.817) and 0.781 (95% CI, 0.764–0.798) in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The calibration curves for the nomograms revealed gratifying consistency between predictions and actual observations for both 3- and 5-year OS and CSS. The 3- and 5-year area under the curves (AUCs) for the nomogram of OS and CSS ranged from 0.781 to 0.828. Finally, the DCA curves emerged as robust positive net benefits across a wide scale of threshold probabilities.ConclusionWe have successfully constructed nomograms that could predict 3- and 5-year OS and CSS of cervical cancer patients with lymph node metastasis and may assist clinicians in decision-making and personalized treatment planning.
Sevoflurane Induces Ferroptosis of Glioma Cells Through Activating the ATF4-CHAC1 Pathway
Authors: Xu Yingyi , Zhang Na , Chen Cheng , Xu Xinke , Luo Ailing , Yan Yaping , Lu Yanhua , Liu Jianhua , Ou Xinxu , Tan Yonghong , Liang Yufeng , Chen Lihe , Song Xingrong , Liu Xiaoping 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo clarify the function and mechanisms of sevoflurane (Sev) on ferroptosis in glioma cells.MethodsDifferent concentrations of Sev were used to treat glioma cells U87 and U251. Ferroptosis inducer Erastin was used to incubate glioma cells combined with Sev and ATF4 siRNA transfection treatment. CCK-8 assay and colorimetric assay were performed to analyze cell viability and Fe+ concentration, respectively. The releases of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined by flow cytometry analysis. Transcriptional sequencing was used to screen the differential genes affected by Sev in U251 cells. The mRNA and protein expression of ferroptosis-associated genes was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting.ResultsSev could suppress cell viability, increase ROS levels and Fe+ concentration, downregulate the protein expression levels of GPX4, and upregulate transferrin, ferritin, and Beclin-1 in a dose-dependent manner in U87 and U251 cells. The expression of ferroptosis and mitophagy-related gene activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) was identified to be enhanced by Sev analyzed by transcriptional sequencing. ChaC glutathione-specific gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 1 (CHAC1), which is involved in ferroptosis, is a downstream gene of ATF4. Inhibition of ATF4 could interrupt the expression of CHAC1 induced by Sev in U87 and U251 cells. Ferroptosis inducer Erastin treatment obviously inhibited the cell viability, elevated the Fe2+ concentration, and promoted ROS generation in U87 and U251 cells. The protein level of ATF4 and CHAC1 was increased in Erastin-treated U87 and U251 cells. Moreover, the interruption of Sev-induced ferroptosis and CHAC1 activating induced by ATF4 suppression could be reversed by Erastin.ConclusionsIn summary, this study suggested that Sev exposure-induced ferroptosis by the ATF4-CHAC1 pathway in glioma cells.
Reconstruction of Large Full-Thickness Abdominal Wall Defects Using a Free Functional Latissimus Dorsi Muscle
Authors: Ninkovic Marijana , Ninkovic Marina , Öfner Dietmar , Ninkovic Milomir 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionThe large full-thickness abdominal wall defect has to be treated by considering anatomical and functional requirements. The abdominal wall must regain total physiological function, which means that the full thickness abdominal wall defect must be reconstructed anatomically, not only according to the anatomical requirements but also maintaining the functional dynamic voluntary movement. Defects in the abdominal wall alter respiratory mechanics and can impair the diaphragm function. Additionally, muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall increase the stability of the lumbar region of the vertebral column by tensing the thoracolumbar fascia and by increasing intraabdominal pressure.Materials and MethodsThe timing and method of reconstruction must be chosen depending upon the etiology of the defect. Severe traumatic injuries, abdominal wall infections, necrotizing soft tissue loss, or sepsis needs to undergo staged reconstruction following adequate debridement to control the infectious process, establish the zone of injury, and for proper treatment of intraabdominal pathology, thereby achieving temporary primary closure using split-thickness skin grafting to the viscera. At the time of definitive reconstruction, deep skin graft dermabrasion give us a facial-like layer with adequate strength to stabilize the static abdominal wall. This dermal layer is supported by free functional (innervated) latissimus dorsi muscle (fLDM), giving full anatomical coverage and functional stability. After oncologic resections full-thickness abdominal wall reconstruction was performed immediately with a combination of fLDM flaps and meshes.ResultsA total of 14 patients underwent abdominal wall reconstruction using the fLDM flap. Staged reconstruction was applied in 8 cases. In the remaining six cases, two had no mesh support, three had synthetic mesh, and one had a fascial graft, which were covered with fLDM flap. There were no free flaps failure. One flap revision due to venous anastomosis thrombosis was performed. Donor site seromas occurred in 5 cases and were treated with punction and direct doxycycline injection. Electromyographic testing postoperatively confirmed reinnervation of transplanted LDM.ConclusionUsing fLDM as a definitive solution, we are not only able to repair soft tissue defects, but also reconstruct voluntary contractility and dynamic natural functional abdominal wall. Transplanted LDM offers enough contractile capacity and strength to replace the function of the missing abdominal wall muscles.
A Feminist Ethic of Care for the Veterinary Profession
Authors: Ashall Vanessa 
Published: March 2022

I can still see the dog's face as its eyes connected with mine, framed by the black bin bag it had been carried in. I can still hear the clicking sound, louder than the animal's shrill cries, made by a mass of maggots moving against one another beneath the dogs matted fur, moistened by fluids leaking from its damaged flesh. My hands were shaking with panic and rage and I could hardly draw up the euthatal into the syringe quickly enough. I wanted to put an end to this, immediately. As the lethal fluid flowed into the tiny vein the dog's body finally relaxed. At my hand, like so many others, she had ceased to exist. Through the window I could see her owners waiting outside in the sunshine to pay me and I thought about the silky feel of the fur which covered an expensively shaped head. I knew this dog was loved once.This paper develops two neglected areas of veterinary thought; anthropological studies of the veterinary profession and feminist care approaches in veterinary ethics. I argue that the development of veterinary anthropology is crucial to advancing our understanding of veterinary lived experiences, through highlighting the previously under acknowledged emotional, relational and contextual realities of veterinary practice. I further propose that an ethic of care for the veterinary profession, which meaningfully connects with veterinary lived experiences, may provide a valuable approach through which to further develop veterinary ethical thinking. I share an autoethnographic account of a difficult veterinary encounter, which I then analyse using a novel feminist care approach. Through analyses centered on both emotional and relational aspects of veterinary care, I challenge the boundaries of traditional veterinary ethical approaches in terms of the scope, scale and complexity of veterinary ethical decision making. I describe the concept of emotional sponge work in veterinary practice and outline its potential impact for advancing understanding of both veterinary well-being and the profession's societal role. Finally, I propose that a feminist ethic of care might provide a framework for redefining the focus of veterinary professional responsibility, beyond animal health and toward the maintenance of healthy relationships between humans and animals.
Recurrent Candidosis in Clinical Practice of Obstetrician- Gynecologist
Authors: Бурьяк Д.В. 
Published: March 2022

Рецидивирующий вульвовагинальный кандидоз является одной из частых причин обращения к врачу – акушеру-гинекологу, и его лечение нередко вызывает затруднения у практического врача. Причиной этого является распространение резистентности кандид к противогрибковым препаратам, высокая частота встречаемости неальбиканс-видов кандид, хуже поддающихся лечению, а также целый ряд факторов со стороны макроорганизма, предрасполагающих к хронизации процесса. Выбор оптимальной схемы фармакотерапии урогенитального кандидоза должен осуществляться с учетом фунгицидных или фунгистатических свойств препаратов, растущей резистентности грибковой флоры к химиопрепаратам, необходимости санации резервуаров кандидозной инфекции и, при необходимости, лечения партнера. Преодоление факторов резистентности, описываемых в настоящей статье, а также рациональный выбор тактики противогрибковой терапии представляют значительный интерес для клинической практики и дают возможность улучшить результаты лечения рецидивирующего кандидоза.
Recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis is one of the frequent reasons of referral to obstetrician- gynecologist and its treatment quite often might be challenging for the healthcare provider. The reasons for that include the increasing resistance of Candida species to antifungal drugs, high incidence of infection with non-albicans Candida known for higher resistance to treatment, and a number of factors inherent to macroorganism which predispose to the chronization of the disease. The choice of optimal treatment schedule of urogenital candidosis should be based on consideration of fungicidal or fungistatic properties of the drugs, growing resistance of mycotic flora to chemotherapy, requirements of candida reservoirs sanation and, if necessary, treatment of the partner. Overcoming of the resistance factors, described in this article, as well as rational choice of antifungal therapy approach represent significant interest for clinical practice and contribute to the improvement of recurrent candidosis treatment outcomes.
"Let’s Figure it out for the Three of Us", or What are the Dividends Received from Sharing Alcohol?
Authors: Плоткин Ф.Б. 
Published: March 2022

Определяется смысловое содержание выражения «сообразим на троих». Указано на значение интерперсональных отношений в жизни человека как социального существа. Описаны субъективно позитивные психотропные эффекты этанола, объясняющие его широкое применение. Кратко характеризуется феномен «одиночного пьянства». Рассмотрено псевдоадаптивное действие алкоголя в ситуациях межличностного общения, нередко приводящее к систематической алкоголизации и формированию зависимости. Упоминаются важнейшие задачи, стоящие перед наркологом на начальных этапах работы с аддиктами. Подчеркивается первостепенная важность психотерапии для коррекции нарушенных объектных отношений у этой категории пациентов.
The semantic content of the expression «let’s figure it out for three» was determined. The importance of interpersonal relations in the life of a human being as a social creature was showed. Subjectively positive psychotropic effects of ethanol that explain its wide consumption, were described. The phenomenon of «solitary drunkenness» is briefly characterized. Multilateral psychotropic effects of ethanol in interpersonal relations that frequently lead to systematic alcoholization and formation of addiction, were described. The important tasks that the narcologist is facing at the initial stages of work with addicts were mentioned. Certain psychotherapeutic methods for correction of interpersonal relations were recommended.
Correlation of Eating Habits, External Factors and Some Other Factors with Acne
Authors: Баринова А.Н. , Плавинский С.Л. 
Published: March 2022

Было проведено исследование факторов риска, связанных с акне, в шести странах: Бразилия, Германия, Россия, Италия, Канада, Франция. Исследование было выполнено по методу «случай – контроль», когда к группе лиц, страдающих акне, была подобрана контрольная группа. Всего в исследование было включено 6679 человек. Участникам были заданы вопросы о питании, воздействии факторов внешней среды, употреблении вредных веществ (курение табака, марихуаны, алкоголь), применении косметических средств, приеме медикаментов и психологическом состоянии. Для России основными значимыми факторами были (в порядке уменьшения значимости): использование очищающих средств, употребление пробиотиков в капсулах (Lactobacillus), проживание рядом с загруженными автомобильными дорогами, частые регулярные перекусы (бутерброды, сладости), употребление стероидных препаратов или гормональных препаратов, имеющих в своем составе тестостерон, использование скрабов. В сравнении с другими странами факторы были похожими, интересное исключение составили употребление крепкого алкоголя и уровень стресса, которые во всех странах, кроме России, являлись сильными факторами риска.
The study assess factors associated with acne in six countries – Brazil, Germany, Russia, Italy and France. Study design was case – control when to the group of acne patients controls without acne were added. Total number of study participants was 6679. Participants were surveyed on eating habits, contact with external factors, consumption of hazardous substances (tobacco, alcohol and marihuana), use of cosmetics, drugs and psychological status. For Russia main factors associated with acne were (sorted in descending order) use of cleansing substances, use capsule probiotics (Lactobacillus),living in vicinity of busy roads, frequent regular snacks (sandwiches and sweets), use of steroids or other drugs with testosterone, use of scrub. In comparison with other countries factors were similar, but interesting exemption was consumption of strong alcoholic drinks and stress level which were important in all countries, with exception of Russia.