bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Making(s) of an Alternative Urban Policy: What Happens When Free Fares Come to Town?
Authors: Kębłowski Wojciech 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhile many urban policies and practices claim to offer an “alternative” to the “mainstream” of urban entrepreneurialism, they remain under‐theorised and prone to alignment with entrepreneurial agendas. In this paper I examine fare‐free public transport (FFPT) as a salient example of an alternative urban policy. Looking at Aubagne (France) and Tallinn (Estonia), I explore what happens when an alternative policy “comes to town”. I detect how FFPT enters local urban regimes, and study the (non‐)participation of public transport passengers and workers in the decision‐making process about whether and how to abolish public transport fares. My analysis reveals that albeit alternative policies such as FFPT seem to oppose entrepreneurialism, they may hinge on urban regimes that span across institutions, leave the local configurations of power unchallenged, and strenghten local elites. The adaptability of alternatives to diverse political and intellectual positions explains their resilience. Consequently, their radical character cannot be taken for granted and remains an object of political struggle.
Quality of fetal heart rate monitoring with transabdominal fetal ECG during maternal movement in labor: A prospective study
Authors: Reis‐de‐Carvalho Catarina , Nogueira Paulo , Ayres‐de‐Campos Diogo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionTransabdominal electrocardiographic (TAfECG) acquisition of fetal heart rate (FHR) signals has recently been introduced into leading commercial cardiotocographic (CTG) monitors. Continuous wireless transmission of signals has raised the possibility of the technology being used during maternal mobilization in labor. This study aims to evaluate signal quality and accuracy of TAfECG acquisition of FHR signals during static and active maternal positions in labor when compared with Doppler signals and with the gold‐standard method of fetal scalp electrode (FSE).Material and MethodsA total of 76 women with singleton term pregnancies in the active first stage of labor had simultaneously acquired FHR with TAfECG, Doppler, and FSE. Participants were asked to complete a supervised mobilization scheme, comprising five sequential 10‐min periods of lying down, standing, sitting, walking, and rocking on the birthing ball. The three FHR signals were compared, defining signal loss as the percentage of signals under 20 bpm or exceeding 250 bpm and accuracy as the difference with FSE values. Computer analysis was used to quantify variability, accelerations, and decelerations. Static labor positions (lying down, standing, and sitting) were compared with active labor positions (walking and rocking on the birthing ball).ResultsAverage signal loss was 5.3% with TAfECG (3.2% in static and 7.4% in active positions) and 15.5% with Doppler (8.3% in static and 30.7% in active positions). Average accuracy was 3.5 bpm with TAfECG (1.9 bpm in static and 5.04 bpm in active positions) and 13.9 bpm with Doppler (3.2 bpm in static and 24.7 bpm in active positions). Average variability was similar with TAfECG and FSE in static positions but significantly higher with TAfECG in active positions (23.6 vs. 13.5 bpm, p < 0.001).ConclusionsIn static labor positions, TAfECG provides a low signal loss, similar to that obtained with FSE, and a good signal accuracy, so the technique can be considered reliable when the mother is lying down, standing, or sitting. During maternal movement, TAfECG causes an artificial increase in FHR variability, which can cause false reassurance regarding fetal oxygenation. Doppler signals are unreliable during maternal movements.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for COVID‐19: An evolving experience through multiple waves
Authors: Smith Nathan J. , Park Sarah , Zundel M. Tracy , Dong Huaying , Szabo Aniko , Cain Michael T. , Durham Lucian A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has shown variable results in COVID‐19 pneumonia however, some evidence supports benefit. Here we compare our institution's ECMO outcomes across multiple waves of the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsAll patients who received ECMO for COVID‐19 between March 1, 2020, and March 1, 2021, were reviewed. Patients received venovenous (VV) or right ventricular assist device (RVAD/ECMO) ECMO. Early (March 1–July 6, 2020, Era 1) and late (July 7, 2020–March 1, 2021, Era 2) pandemic RVAD/ECMO patients were compared.ResultsFifty‐four patients received ECMO of which 16 (29.6%) patients received VV ECMO and 38 (70.4%) RVAD/ECMO. Median age was 53.0 years, body mass index 36.1 kg/m2, 41.2% female, and 49% Caucasian. The most common pre‐cannulation treatments included steroids (79.6%) and convalescent plasma (70.4%). Median time from admission to cannulation was 7.0 days. Median support time was 30.5 days (VV ECMO 35.0 days, RVAD/ECMO 26.0 days). In‐ hospital mortality was 42.6% (39.5% RVAD/ECMO, 50.0% VV ECMO). Significant morbidities included infection (80.8%), bleeding events (74.5%), and renal replacement therapy (30.8%). Cumulative mortality 120‐days post‐cannulation was 45.7% (VV ECMO 60.8%, RVAD/ECMO 40.0%). RVAD/ECMO Era 1 demonstrated a significantly lower cumulative mortality (16.2%) compared to Era 2 (60.4%). Competing risk analysis found age (HR 0.95, [95% CI 0.92, 0.98] p = 0.005) to be a protective factor for survival.ConclusionECMO support for COVID‐19 is beneficial but carries significant morbidity. RVAD/ECMO support demonstrated consistent advantages in survival to VV‐ECMO, but with declining efficacy across time during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Sensation, spirituality, and Deleuze: Becoming‐colour through Katharina Grosse's explosive artworks
Authors: de La Herrán Iriarte Carlota 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAmidst a pandemic‐ridden world, in which esoteric practices, conspiracy theories, and alternative spiritual movements are gathering growing popularity, turning the spotlight on spirituality can be seen as a problematic move that some might feel tempted to reject outright. However, rather than reifying the belief‐driven pretensions traditionally upheld by religion, in this paper, I wish to propose a different outlook on spirituality, one which is linked to those inexplicable, visceral sensations engendered by German artist Katharina Grosse's explosive use of colour. To do this, I turn to the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze, who when affirming the non‐representational, spiritual potencies inherent to art provides the conceptual means through which to address such relationship. Specifically, Deleuze places the emphasis on his concept of sensation, which speaks neither of subject nor object. Indeed, by apprehending those in‐between, intensive moments in which a visual work of art stimulates our eyes, mind, and body, sensation foregrounds an immanent, and not transcendent, understanding of spirituality. This immanent understanding of spirituality refers to the pre‐individual forces and processes from the outside through which sensation enables us to precursively experience what the spiritual looks and feels like, yet without enforcing a dogmatic pathway to follow. Thus, by combining my reflections on Deleuze's thinking on sensation with creative vignettes based on an online ethnographic study of Grosse's artworks, the paper presents three methodological pointers: (1) Confronting the in‐betweenness of sensation, (2) Experimenting with the precursive force of language, and (3) Unleashing the literary power of becoming. Through them, I show how geographers might rethink their engagements with art as having more to do with an aesthetically induced, micro‐subjective journey into their spiritual becoming than with an intentional encounter. I conclude the paper by discussing the ethico‐political implications that endorsing an ethos of sensation might have for geography and beyond.
Financialization and the rise of atypical work
Authors: Gouzoulis Giorgos , Iliopoulos Panagiotis (Takis) , Galanis Giorgos 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe current literature on financialization and the labour process focuses disproportionately on how corporate financialization induces the use of atypical work and largely overlooks the role of household financialization. This paper presents several mechanisms through which household debt and pension fund financialization increase the financial insecurity of employees, which, in turn, can curb their resistance to accepting such work contracts. To assess our arguments, we estimate the effects of corporate and household financialization on involuntary part‐time and temporary employment, using a panel dataset of OECD economies. Our findings provide robust support that financialization increases significantly non‐standard employment rates for the total workforce and women, but less for older employees.
Collective nostalgia: Triggers and consequences for collective action intentions
Authors: Smeekes Anouk , Sedikides Constantine , Wildschut Tim 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGlobal trends surveys suggest that collective nostalgia for one's country is widespread. Moreover, research indicates that collective nostalgia is used by populist radical‐right parties to mobilize their voters against immigration. We focused on antecedents of collective nostalgia and its consequences for collective action in the context of national identity. In particular, we hypothesized that collective nostalgia for the country's past is triggered by a sense of collective discontinuity and subsequently engenders collective action intentions to protect the national ingroup and limit the presence of immigrant outgroups. We tested this hypothesis in a three‐wave longitudinal cross‐lagged panel study (N = 1489) among native Dutch majority members. The results were consistent with the hypothesis. The findings highlight the relevance of collective nostalgia as an emotional response to collective discontinuity that drives collective action intentions aimed at protecting ingroup continuity. We discuss implications of the findings for the literature on collective nostalgia and group dynamics as well as the broader literature on collective action and provide directions for future research.
α1,4‐Linked N‐acetylglucosamine suppresses gastric cancer development by inhibiting Mucin‐1‐mediated signaling
Authors: Fujii Chifumi , Harumiya Satoru , Sato Yoshiko , Kawakubo Masatomo , Matoba Hisanori , Nakayama Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, and more understanding of its molecular basis is urgently needed. Gastric gland mucin secreted from pyloric gland cells, mucous neck cells, and cardiac gland cells of the gastric mucosa harbors unique O‐glycans carrying terminal α1,4‐linked N‐acetylglucosamine (αGlcNAc) residues. We previously reported that αGlcNAc loss correlated positively with poor outcomes for patients with differentiated‐type gastric cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these outcomes remained poorly understood. Here, we examined the effects of upregulated αGlcNAc expression on malignant phenotypes of the differentiated‐type gastric cancer cell lines, AGS and MKN7. Upregulation of αGlcNAc following ectopic expression of its biosynthetic enzyme attenuated cell proliferation, motility, and invasiveness of AGS and MKN7 cells in vitro. Moreover, AGS cell tumorigenicity was significantly suppressed by αGlcNAc overexpression in a xenograft model. To define the molecular mechanisms underlying these phenotypes, we investigated αGlcNAc binding proteins in AGS cells and identified Mucin‐1 (MUC1) and podocalyxin. Both proteins were colocalized with αGlcNAc on human gastric cancer cells. We also found that αGlcNAc was bound to MUC1 in murine normal gastric mucosa. When we assessed the effects of αGlcNAc binding to MUC1, we found that αGlcNAc blocked galectin‐3 binding to MUC1, phosphorylation of the MUC1 C‐terminus, and recruitment of Src and β‐catenin to that C‐terminus. These results suggest that αGlcNAc regulates cancer cell phenotypes by dampening MUC1 signal transduction.
Glaucoma drainage implant exposure: A review of aetiology, risks and repair considerations
Authors: Lun Katherine W. , Chew Paul T. K. , Lim Dawn K. A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a paradigm shift in glaucoma surgical procedures. Glaucoma drainage implant (GDI) surgeries are being performed much more commonly. Thus, it is important for surgeons to be cognisant of potential complications and their management. Exposure of a GDI is a well‐known complication, and prompt recognition and treatment are required to prevent endophthalmitis, a potentially blinding condition. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms and risk factors for GDI exposure, highlight important considerations for repair, and discuss repair techniques, with the aim of improving patient outcomes and minimising the risk of re‐exposure.
Insect herbivores drive sex allocation in angiosperm flowers
Authors: Fonseca Carlos Roberto , Gossner Martin M. , Kollmann Johannes , Brändle Martin , Paterno Gustavo Brant 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhy sex has evolved and is maintained is an open question in evolutionary biology. The Red Queen hypothesis predicts that host lineages subjected to more intense parasite pressure should invest more in sexual reproduction to continuously create novel defences against their rapidly evolving natural enemies. In this comparative study across the angiosperms, we show that hermaphrodite plant species associated with higher species richness of insect herbivores evolved flowers with higher biomass allocation towards the male sex, an indication of their greater outcrossing effort. This pattern remained robust after controlling for key vegetative, reproductive and biogeographical traits, suggesting that long‐term herbivory pressure is a key factor driving the selfing–outcrossing gradient of higher plants. Although flower evolution is frequently associated with mutualistic pollinators, our findings support the Red Queen hypothesis and suggest that insect herbivores drive the sexual strategies of flowering plants and their genetic diversity.
An epidemiological overview of the equine influenza epidemic in Great Britain during 2019
Authors: Whitlock Fleur , Grewar John , Newton Richard 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuring 2019, an epidemic of equine influenza (EI) occurred in Europe.ObjectivesTo describe the epidemiology of the 2019 EI epidemic within Great Britain (GB).Study designRetrospective descriptive study of laboratory confirmed EI cases.MethodsEpidemiological data were obtained from veterinary surgeons referring samples for EI virus testing. Where available, data on confirmed cases and their wider resident population on EI‐infected premises were collated and described. On a national level, spatial and temporal representations, consisting of choropleth maps and epidemic curves, described the spread of EI. EI‐infected premises‐level factors associated with the first of two epidemic phases were investigated using ordinary logistic regression analysis.ResultsThere were 412 confirmed cases and 234 EI‐infected premises, with the first of two epidemic phases occurring between January and April, followed by a second phase through to August. The median age of confirmed cases was 5 years and Sports horses (24%) and Cobs (16%) made up the highest proportions by general horse type and breed. Among confirmed cases 72% were unvaccinated and 18% were vaccinated against EI. New horses arriving within 2 weeks of a confirmed case were reported by 42% of EI‐infected premises. Investigation of EI‐infected premises biosecurity measures indicated that 23% quarantined new arrivals, 37% had isolation facilities and 57% of resident horses were vaccinated. EI‐infected premises were more likely in the first than second epidemic phase to be classified as professional, have a vaccinated confirmed case and EI confirmed in a newly arrived animal.Main limitationsData were collected at a single time point for each EI‐infected premises with no follow ups performed.ConclusionsDuring 2019, EI‐infected premises generally had low levels of population vaccine coverage and implemented limited preventive biosecurity measures, particularly linked to horse movements. Without substantial improvements in infectious disease prevention and control, the GB equine population remains at risk of future EI epidemics.
Biological activities and safety data of kojic acid and its derivatives: A review
Authors: Zilles Júlia Capp , dos Santos Francielli Lima , Kulkamp‐Guerreiro Irene Clemes , Contri Renata Vidor 
Published: August 2022

AbstractKojic acid presents a variety of applications for human use, especially as a depigmenting agent. Its derivatives are also proposed in order to prevent chemical degradation, prevent adverse effects and improve efficacy. The aim of this study was to peer review the current scientific literature concerning the biological activities and safety data of kojic acid or its derivatives, aiming at human use and trying to elucidate the action mechanisms. Three different databases were assessed, and the word “kojic” was crossed with “toxicity,” “adverse effect,” “efficacy,” “effect,” “activity” and “safety.” Articles were selected according to pre‐defined criteria. Besides the depigmenting activity, kojic acid and derivatives can act as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, radioprotector, anticonvulsant and obesity management agents, and present potential as antitumor substances. Depigmenting activity is due to the molecules, after penetrating the cell, binding to tyrosinase active site, regulating melanogenesis factors, leucocytes modulation and free radical scavenging activity. Hence, polarity, size and ligands are also important factors for activity. Kojic acid and derivatives present cytotoxicity to some cancerous cell lines, including melanoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, ovarian cancer, breast cancer and colon cancer. Regarding safety, kojic acid or its derivatives are safe molecules for human use in the concentrations tested. Kojic acid and its derivatives have great potential for cosmetic, pharmaceutical and medical applications.
Focusing on what matters most: Evaluating multiple challenges to stability in recreational fisheries
Authors: Golden Abigail S. , van Poorten Brett , Jensen Olaf P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecreational fisheries were traditionally theorized to self‐regulate in a sustainable feedback loop in which recreational anglers moderate their fishing effort in response to population declines. However, several mechanisms are hypothesized to break down this self‐regulatory process, including recruitment variability and depensatory population dynamics. Although many of these mechanisms of instability have been estimated in empirical systems and explored using modelling, we still do not know the extent to which these mechanisms can (1) erode stability at their observed strength in real systems and (2) interact to dampen or intensify each other's effects. In this study, we synthesize existing data on four of these mechanisms: (1) depensation in the stock‐recruit relationship, (2) recruitment stochasticity, (3) density‐dependent catchability and (4) the strength of anglers' responsiveness to changing catch rates. We report the range of observed values for these four mechanisms in real‐world fisheries and observe their effect on a simplified recreational fishery model. We find that at moderate fishing effort none of the mechanisms was destabilizing enough on its own to collapse the modelled population, but that an angler population that was likely to keep fishing when catch rates approached zero was a key element of interactions that caused collapse. The strongest interaction was between an angler population with this characteristic and a fish population with hyperstable catch rates. Our results highlight the need for more consistent and widespread estimation of utility‐based angler effort functions as well as the importance of interdisciplinary teams that can gather both social and ecological data.
Resolving the zinc binding capacity of honey bee vitellogenin and locating its putative binding sites
Authors: Leipart Vilde , Enger Øyvind , Turcu Diana Cornelia , Dobrovolska Olena , Drabløs Finn , Halskau Øyvind , Amdam Gro V. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe protein vitellogenin (Vg) plays a central role in lipid transportation in most egg‐laying animals. High Vg levels correlate with stress resistance and lifespan potential in honey bees (Apis mellifera). Vg is the primary circulating zinc‐carrying protein in honey bees. Zinc is an essential metal ion in numerous biological processes, including the function and structure of many proteins. Measurements of Zn2+ suggest a variable number of ions per Vg molecule in different animal species, but the molecular implications of zinc‐binding by this protein are not well‐understood. We used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine that, on average, each honey bee Vg molecule binds 3 Zn2+‐ions. Our full‐length protein structure and sequence analysis revealed seven potential zinc‐binding sites. These are located in the β‐barrel and α‐helical subdomains of the N‐terminal domain, the lipid binding site, and the cysteine‐rich C‐terminal region of unknown function. Interestingly, two potential zinc‐binding sites in the β‐barrel can support a proposed role for this structure in DNA‐binding. Overall, our findings suggest that honey bee Vg bind zinc at several functional regions, indicating that Zn2+‐ions are important for many of the activities of this protein. In addition to being potentially relevant for other egg‐laying species, these insights provide a platform for studies of metal ions in bee health, which is of global interest due to recent declines in pollinator numbers.
Can fundamental care be advanced using the science of care framework?
Authors: Jeffs Lianne , Merkley Jane , Ronald Kara , Newton Gary , Yang Lily , Gray Carolyn Steele 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsThis manuscript aims to provide a description of an evidence‐informed Science of Care practice‐based research and innovation framework that may serve as a guiding framework to generate new discoveries and knowledge around fundamental care in a more integrated manner.BackgroundNew ways of thinking about models of care and implementation strategies in transdisciplinary teams are required to accelerate inquiry and embed new knowledge and innovation into practice settings. A new way of thinking starts with an explicit articulation and commitment to the core business of the healthcare industry which is to provide quality fundamental care.DesignThis discursive paper delineates an iteratively derived Science of Care research and innovation framework (Science of Care Framework) that draws from a targeted literature review.MethodThe Science of Care Framework integrates caring science with safety and symptom sciences with implementation, improvement, innovation and team sciences. Each science dimension is described in terms of seminal and evolving evidence and theoretical explanations, focusing on how these disciplines can support fundamental care.ConclusionsThe Science of Care Framework can serve as a catalyst to guide future efforts to propel new knowledge and discoveries around fundamental care and how best to implement it into clinical practice through a transdisciplinary lens.Impact on nursing science, practice, or disciplinary knowledgeThe Science of Care Framework can accelerate nursing discipline‐specific knowledge generation alongside inter and transdisciplinary insights. The novel articulation of the Science of Care Framework can be used to guide further inquiries that are co‐designed, and led, by nurses into integrated models of care and innovations in clinical practice.