bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-hospital electrical muscle stimulation for patients early after heart failure decompensation: results from a prospective randomised controlled pilot trial
Authors: Poltavskaya Maria , Sviridenko Victoria , Giverts Ilya , Patchenskaya Irina , Kozlovskaya Inesa , Tomilovskaya Elena , Veliyev Gabil Orkhan , Andreev Denis , Syrkin Abram , Saner Hugo 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundElectrical muscle stimulation (EMS) is being evaluated as a possible alternative to exercise training to improve functional capacity in severely deconditioned patients with heart failure (HF). However, there is insufficient data on delayed effects of EMS starting early after decompensation. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of a short inpatient EMS intervention in severely deconditioned patients with HF on functional capacity and quality of life (QoL) over a follow-up period of 1 month.MethodsThis is a prospective randomised sham-controlled pilot study. 45 patients hospitalised for decompensated systolic HF (58% men, mean age 66.4±10.2 years) were randomised to EMS (n=22) or sham stimulation (n=23) of lower limbs starting within 3 days after admission. The intervention included 7–10 sessions lasting from 30 to 90 min. The 6-minute walking test distance (6-MWTD), Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) were evaluated at baseline, discharge and after 1 month.ResultsAll patients completed the programme with good EMS tolerance. 37 patients were included in the final analysis. At discharge, 6-MWTD improved from 206,1±61,3 to 299.5±91 m, DASI from 12.1±5.6 to 18.3±7.2 and MLHFQ from 55.6±8.5 to 34.2±9 with EMS compared with smaller improvements in the sham group (p<0.05 for all). One month after discharge, improvements in the EMS group remained significant for MLHFQ (p=0.004) and DASI (p=0.042) and statistically non-significant for 6-MWTD compared with the sham group.ConclusionsShort-term in-hospital EMS leads to improvements in functional capacity and QoL in selected patients early after HF decompensation that are retained over 1 month after discharge and therefore may serve as initial intervention to improve physical capacity or as a bridge to further conventional exercise training. Larger studies are required to evaluate individual responses to an early initiation of EMS in decompensated HF as well as long-term effects.
Deeper cerebral hypoperfusion leads to spatial cognitive impairment in mice
Authors: Zhou Zhiyuan , Ma Yuanyuan , Xu Tongtong , Wu Shengju , Yang Guo-Yuan , Ding Jing , Wang Xin 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundVascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is the second-leading cause of dementia worldwide, which is caused by cerebrovascular diseases or relevant risk factors. However, there are no appropriate animal models, which can be used to study changes of neuropathology in the human VCI. To better understand the development of VCI, we modified three mouse models of chronical vascular diseases, and further compared the advantage and disadvantage of these models. We hope to establish a more suitable mouse model mimicking VCI in human beings.MethodsAdult male C57/BL6 mice (n=98) were used and animals underwent transient bilateral common carotid arteries occlusion (tBCCAO), or bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS), or right unilateral common carotid artery occlusion, respectively. Haemodynamic changes of surface cerebral blood flow (CBF) were examined up to 4 weeks. Spatial cognitive impairment was evaluated to determine the consequence of chronic cerebral ischaemia.ResultsThese mouse models showed different extents of CBF reduction and spatial reference memory impairment from 1 week up to 4 weeks postoperation compared with the control group (p<0.05). We found that (1) bilaterally ligation of common carotid artery caused decrease of 90% CBF in C57/BL6 mice (p<0.05) and caused acute instead of prolonged impairment of spatial reference memory (p<0.05); (2) unilateral ligation of common carotid artery did not cause severe ipsilateral ischaemia as seen in the tBCCAO mice and caused minor but significant spatial reference memory disturbance (p<0.05); and (3) 20% decrease in the bilateral CBF did not cause spatial reference memory impairment 4 weeks postoperation (p>0.05), while 30% decrease in bilateral or unilateral CBF led to significant memory disturbance in mice (p<0.05).ConclusionWe demonstrated that BCAS using 0.16/0.18 mm microcoils is an alternative VCI mouse model when studying the mechanism and developing therapy of VCI.
PATHOGENICITY AND IMMUNOGENICITY FOR SOME RABBIT HEMORRHAGIC DISEASE VIRUS(RHDV) STRAINS PROPAGATED IN ISOLATED HEPATOCYTES OF RABBIT
Authors: Pyon Yong-Mi , Ryo Hyok , Pak Sun-Nam , Ko Il-Ryong 
Published: July 2022

The hepatocytes were isolated from the liver of different week-age of healthy rabbits by a single two-stage pass perfusion method and suspended in Hanks’ balanced salt solution (Ca[Formula: see text]-, Mg[Formula: see text]-free). The field strains of RHDV were inoculated into the suspension and incubated for 2 days at 37∘C. After incubation, the HA titer of each strain of RHDV in supernatant of virus growth was measured using human erythrocyte O type. There were differences in the HA titers of RHDV strains according to the hepatocyte of different week-age of rabbits, the number of hepatocyte, the strain of virus (RHDV-1, RHDV-2, RHDV-3) and the duration of incubation. The HA titer was highest when the virus was cultured in the hepatocytes isolated from more than 12 week-aged rabbits. When non-immune rabbits were inoculated with the strains of virus (RHDV-1, RHDV-2, RHDV-3). respectively, all rabbits (3 heads of rabbit per group) infected with RHDV-1 and RHDV-3 died of the disease within 48[Formula: see text]h, while only one rabbit infected with RHDV-2 died within 72[Formula: see text]h. When immunized rabbits by inactivated virus strains (RHDV-1, RHDV-2 and RHDV-3), 2 strains, RHDV-1 and RHDV-3, showed the same level of HI titers with inactivated homogenate, but RHDV-2 did lower the level of titer than the homogenate.
Buffered Streaming Graph Partitioning
Authors: Faraj Marcelo Fonseca , Schulz Christian 
Published: July 2022

Partitioning graphs into blocks of roughly equal size is a widely used tool when processing large graphs. Currently, there is a gap observed in the space of available partitioning algorithms. On the one hand, there are streaming algorithms that have been adopted to partition massive graph data on small machines. In the streaming model, vertices arrive one at a time including their neighborhood, and then have to be assigned directly to a block. These algorithms can partition huge graphs quickly with little memory, but they produce partitions with low solution quality. On the other hand, there are offline (shared-memory) multilevel algorithms that produce partitions with high-quality but also need a machine with enough memory to partition huge networks. In this work, we make a first step to close this gap by presenting an algorithm that computes significantly improved partitions of huge graphs using a single machine with little memory in a streaming setting. First, we adopt the buffered streaming model which is a more reasonable approach in practice. In this model, a processing element can store a buffer of nodes alongside with their edges before making assignment decisions. When our algorithm receives a batch of nodes, we build a model graph that represents the nodes of the batch and the already present partition structure. This model enables us to apply multilevel algorithms and in turn, on cheap machines, compute much higher quality solutions of huge graphs than previously possible. To partition the model graph, we develop a multilevel algorithm that optimizes an objective function that has previously been shown to be effective for the streaming setting. Surprisingly, this also removes the dependency on the number of blocks
k
from the running time compared to the previous state-of-the-art. Overall, our algorithm computes, on average, 75.9% better solutions than
Fennel
[
35
] using a very small buffer size. In addition, for large values of
k
our algorithm becomes faster than
Fennel
.
Combining Human and Machine Confidence in Truthfulness Assessment
Authors: Qu Yunke , Roitero Kevin , Barbera David La , Spina Damiano , Mizzaro Stefano , Demartini Gianluca 
Published: July 2022

Automatically detecting online misinformation at scale is a challenging and interdisciplinary problem. Deciding what is to be considered truthful information is sometimes controversial and also difficult for educated experts. As the scale of the problem increases, human-in-the-loop approaches to truthfulness that combine both the scalability of machine learning (ML) and the accuracy of human contributions have been considered.
In this work, we look at the potential to automatically combine machine-based systems with human-based systems. The former exploit superviseds ML approaches; the latter involve either crowd workers (i.e., human non-experts) or human experts. Since both ML and crowdsourcing approaches can produce a score indicating the level of confidence on their truthfulness judgments (either algorithmic or self-reported, respectively), we address the question of whether it is feasible to make use of such confidence scores to effectively and efficiently combine three approaches: (i) machine-based methods, (ii) crowd workers, and (iii) human experts. The three approaches differ significantly, as they range from available, cheap, fast, scalable, but less accurate to scarce, expensive, slow, not scalable, but highly accurate.
VQEG column: Recent contributions to ITU recommendations
Authors: Gutiérrez Jesüs , Brunnström Kjell 
Published: July 2022

Welcome to the second column on the ACM SIGMM Records from the Video Quality Experts Group (VQEG).
VQEG plays a major role in research and the development of standards on video quality and this column presents examples of recent contributions to International Telecommunication Union (ITU) recommendations, as well as ongoing contributions to recommendations to come in the near future. In addition, the formation of a new group within VQEG addressing Quality Assessment for Health Applications (QAH) has been announced.
The X-Linked Helicase DDX3X Is Required for Lymphoid Differentiation and MYC-Driven Lymphomagenesis
Authors: Lacroix Marion , Beauchemin Hugues , Fraszczak Jennifer , Ross Julie , Shooshtarizadeh Peiman , Chen Riyan , Möröy Tarik 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe X-linked gene DDX3X encodes an RNA helicase that is mutated at high frequencies in several types of human B-cell lymphoma. Females have two active DDX3X alleles and males carry a DDX3Y homolog on the Y chromosome. We show here that pan-hematopoietic, homozygous deletion of Ddx3x in female mice perturbs erythropoiesis, causing early developmental arrest. However, both hemizygous male and heterozygous female embryos develop normally, suggesting that one Ddx3x allele is sufficient for fetal hematopoietic development in females and that the Ddx3y allele can compensate for the loss of Ddx3x in males. In adult mice, DDX3X deficiency altered hematopoietic progenitors, early lymphoid development, marginal zone and germinal center B cells, and lymphomagenesis in a sex-dependent manner. Loss of both Ddx3x alleles abrogated MYC-driven lymphomagenesis in females, whereas Ddx3x deletion in males did not affect the formation of B-cell lymphoma in both mouse models. Moreover, tumors that appeared in male mice lacking DDX3X showed upregulated expression of DDX3Y, indicating a critical requirement for DDX3 activity for lymphomagenesis. These data reveal sex-specific roles of DDX3X in erythro- and lymphopoiesis as well as in MYC-driven lymphomagenesis.Significance:The sex-dependent effects of DDX3X deficiency in malignant transformation of B cells and the compensatory role of DDX3Y support inhibition of DDX3 as a treatment strategy for MYC-driven B-cell lymphoma.
Breast Cancer Risk in Women from Ghana Carrying Rare Germline Pathogenic Mutations
Authors: Ahearn Thomas U. , Choudhury Parichoy Pal , Derkach Andriy , Wiafe-Addai Beatrice , Awuah Baffour , Yarney Joel , Edusei Lawrence , Titiloye Nicholas , Adjei Ernest , Vanderpuye Verna , Aitpillah Francis , Dedey Florence , Oppong Joseph , Osei-Bonsu Ernest Baawuah , Duggan Máire A. , Brinton Louise A. , Allen Jamie , Luccarini Craig , Baynes Caroline , Carvalho Sara , Dunning Alison M. , Davis Lynn Brittny C. , Chanock Stephen J. , Hicks Belynda D. , Yeager Meredith , Chatterjee Nilanjan , Biritwum Richard , Clegg-Lamptey Joe Nat , Nyarko Kofi , Wiafe Seth , Ansong Daniel , Easton Douglas F. , Figueroa Jonine D. , Garcia-Closas Montserrat 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background:
Risk estimates for women carrying germline mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes are mainly based on studies of European ancestry women.

Methods:
We investigated associations between pathogenic variants (PV) in 34 genes with breast cancer risk in 871 cases [307 estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, 321 ER-negative, and 243 ER-unknown] and 1,563 controls in the Ghana Breast Health Study (GBHS), and estimated lifetime risk for carriers. We compared results with those for European, Asian, and African American ancestry women.

Results:
The frequency of PV in GBHS for nine breast cancer genes was 8.38% in cases and 1.22% in controls. Relative risk estimates for overall breast cancer were: (OR, 13.70; 95% confidence interval (CI), 4.03–46.51) for BRCA1, (OR, 7.02; 95% CI, 3.17–15.54) for BRCA2, (OR, 17.25; 95% CI, 2.15–138.13) for PALB2, 5 cases and no controls carried TP53 PVs, and 2.10, (0.72–6.14) for moderate-risk genes combined (ATM, BARD1, CHEK2, RAD51C, RAD52D). These estimates were similar to those previously reported in other populations and were modified by ER status. No other genes evaluated had mutations associated at P &lt; 0.05 with overall risk. The estimated lifetime risks for mutation carriers in BRCA1, BRCA2, and PALB2 and moderate-risk genes were 18.4%, 9.8%, 22.4%, and 3.1%, respectively, markedly lower than in Western populations with higher baseline risks.

Conclusions:
We confirmed associations between PV and breast cancer risk in Ghanaian women and provide absolute risk estimates that could inform counseling in Ghana and other West African countries.

Impact:
These findings have direct relevance for breast cancer genetic counseling for women in West Africa.
Association between Ancestry-Specific 6q25 Variants and Breast Cancer Subtypes in Peruvian Women
Authors: Zavala Valentina A. , Casavilca-Zambrano Sandro , Navarro-Vásquez Jeannie , Castañeda Carlos A. , Valencia Guillermo , Morante Zaida , Calderón Monica , Abugattas Julio E. , Gómez Henry , Fuentes Hugo A. , Liendo-Picoaga Ruddy , Cotrina Jose M. , Monge Claudia , Neciosup Silvia P. , Huntsman Scott , Hu Donglei , Sánchez Sixto E. , Williams Michelle A. , Núñez-Marrero Angel , Godoy Lenin , Hechmer Aaron , Olshen Adam B. , Dutil Julie , Ziv Elad , Zabaleta Jovanny , Gelaye Bizu , Vásquez Jule , Gálvez-Nino Marco , Enriquez-Vera Daniel , Vidaurre Tatiana , Fejerman Laura 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground:Breast cancer incidence in the United States is lower in Hispanic/Latina (H/L) compared with African American/Black or Non-Hispanic White women. An Indigenous American breast cancer–protective germline variant (rs140068132) has been reported near the estrogen receptor 1 gene. This study tests the association of rs140068132 and other polymorphisms in the 6q25 region with subtype-specific breast cancer risk in H/Ls of high Indigenous American ancestry.Methods:Genotypes were obtained for 5,094 Peruvian women with (1,755) and without (3,337) breast cancer. Associations between genotype and overall and subtype-specific risk for the protective variant were tested using logistic regression models and conditional analyses, including other risk-associated polymorphisms in the region.Results:We replicated the reported association between rs140068132 and breast cancer risk overall [odds ratio (OR), 0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.47–0.59], as well as the lower odds of developing hormone receptor negative (HR−) versus HR+ disease (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61–0.97). Models, including HER2, showed further heterogeneity with reduced odds for HR+HER2+ (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.51–0.92), HR−HER2+ (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.44–0.90) and HR−HER2− (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.56–1.05) compared with HR+HER2−. Inclusion of other risk-associated variants did not change these observations.Conclusions:The rs140068132 polymorphism is associated with decreased risk of breast cancer in Peruvians and is more protective against HR− and HER2+ diseases independently of other breast cancer-associated variants in the 6q25 region.Impact:These results could inform functional analyses to understand the mechanism by which rs140068132-G reduces risk of breast cancer development in a subtype-specific manner. They also illustrate the importance of including diverse individuals in genetic studies.
Molecular Subclasses of Clear Cell Ovarian Carcinoma and Their Impact on Disease Behavior and Outcomes
Authors: Bolton Kelly L. , Chen Denise , Corona de la Fuente Rosario , Fu Zhuxuan , Murali Rajmohan , Köbel Martin , Tazi Yanis , Cunningham Julie M. , Chan Irenaeus C.C. , Wiley Brian J. , Moukarzel Lea A. , Winham Stacey J. , Armasu Sebastian M. , Lester Jenny , Elishaev Esther , Laslavic Angela , Kennedy Catherine J. , Piskorz Anna , Sekowska Magdalena , Brand Alison H. , Chiew Yoke-Eng , Pharoah Paul , Elias Kevin M. , Drapkin Ronny , Churchman Michael , Gourley Charlie , DeFazio Anna , Karlan Beth , Brenton James D. , Weigelt Britta , Anglesio Michael S. , Huntsman David , Gayther Simon , Konner Jason , Modugno Francesmary , Lawrenson Kate , Goode Ellen L. , Papaemmanuil Elli 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
To identify molecular subclasses of clear cell ovarian carcinoma (CCOC) and assess their impact on clinical presentation and outcomes.

Experimental Design:
We profiled 421 primary CCOCs that passed quality control using a targeted deep sequencing panel of 163 putative CCOC driver genes and whole transcriptome sequencing of 211 of these tumors. Molecularly defined subgroups were identified and tested for association with clinical characteristics and overall survival.

Results:
We detected a putative somatic driver mutation in at least one candidate gene in 95% (401/421) of CCOC tumors including ARID1A (in 49% of tumors), PIK3CA (49%), TERT (20%), and TP53 (16%). Clustering of cancer driver mutations and RNA expression converged upon two distinct subclasses of CCOC. The first was dominated by ARID1A-mutated tumors with enriched expression of canonical CCOC genes and markers of platinum resistance; the second was largely comprised of tumors with TP53 mutations and enriched for the expression of genes involved in extracellular matrix organization and mesenchymal differentiation. Compared with the ARID1A-mutated group, women with TP53-mutated tumors were more likely to have advanced-stage disease, no antecedent history of endometriosis, and poorer survival, driven by their advanced stage at presentation. In women with ARID1A-mutated tumors, there was a trend toward a lower rate of response to first-line platinum-based therapy.

Conclusions:
Our study suggests that CCOC consists of two distinct molecular subclasses with distinct clinical presentation and outcomes, with potential relevance to both traditional and experimental therapy responsiveness.
See related commentary by Lheureux, p. 4838
Urgent Need for Novel Investigations of Treatments to Quit E-cigarettes: Findings from a Systematic Review
Authors: Palmer Amanda M. , Price Sarah N. , Foster Madeline G. , Sanford Brandon T. , Fucito Lisa M. , Toll Benjamin A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractE-cigarette use has been increasing globally over the past decade. Many use e-cigarettes as an alternative or method to quit cigarette smoking, whereas others use these products recreationally. As technology has advanced, many individuals have reported symptoms of dependence on these products and continue to use them beyond achieving abstinence from smoking. Despite individuals reporting interest in quitting, little is known about e-cigarette cessation. This systematic review sought to identify and evaluate all human subjects literature published on the outcome of e-cigarette cessation through September 2021. Of the 79 articles identified, 56 were cross-sectional, 6 were qualitative, 5 were cohort studies, 3 were experimental, 2 were mixed methods, and 7 reported intervention or case studies of e-cigarette cessation. Results showed youth generally had high intent to quit e-cigarettes, whereas results were mixed with adult samples. Youth were motivated to quit e-cigarettes by health concerns, whereas adults were motivated to quit e-cigarettes by cost, lack of satisfaction, and psychologic factors. Adults were more likely to report past e-cigarette quit attempts, most commonly “cold turkey.” Few interventions tested strategies for e-cigarette cessation, with a majority targeted for youth. Given the lack of information on e-cigarette cessation, recommendations for future studies are outlined.
Drug-Induced Epigenomic Plasticity Reprograms Circadian Rhythm Regulation to Drive Prostate Cancer toward Androgen Independence
Authors: Linder Simon , Hoogstraat Marlous , Stelloo Suzan , Eickhoff Nils , Schuurman Karianne , de Barros Hilda , Alkemade Maartje , Bekers Elise M. , Severson Tesa M. , Sanders Joyce , Huang Chia-Chi Flora , Morova Tunc , Altintas Umut Berkay , Hoekman Liesbeth , Kim Yongsoo , Baca Sylvan C. , Sjöström Martin , Zaalberg Anniek , Hintzen Dorine C. , de Jong Jeroen , Kluin Roelof J.C. , de Rink Iris , Giambartolomei Claudia , Seo Ji-Heui , Pasaniuc Bogdan , Altelaar Maarten , Medema René H. , Feng Felix Y. , Zoubeidi Amina , Freedman Matthew L. , Wessels Lodewyk F.A. , Butler Lisa M. , Lack Nathan A. , van der Poel Henk , Bergman Andries M. , Zwart Wilbert 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

In prostate cancer, androgen receptor (AR)–targeting agents are very effective in various disease stages. However, therapy resistance inevitably occurs, and little is known about how tumor cells adapt to bypass AR suppression. Here, we performed integrative multiomics analyses on tissues isolated before and after 3 months of AR-targeting enzalutamide monotherapy from patients with high-risk prostate cancer enrolled in a neoadjuvant clinical trial. Transcriptomic analyses demonstrated that AR inhibition drove tumors toward a neuroendocrine-like disease state. Additionally, epigenomic profiling revealed massive enzalutamide-induced reprogramming of pioneer factor FOXA1 from inactive chromatin sites toward active cis-regulatory elements that dictate prosurvival signals. Notably, treatment-induced FOXA1 sites were enriched for the circadian clock component ARNTL. Posttreatment ARNTL levels were associated with patients’ clinical outcomes, and ARNTL knockout strongly decreased prostate cancer cell growth. Our data highlight a remarkable cistromic plasticity of FOXA1 following AR-targeted therapy and revealed an acquired dependency on the circadian regulator ARNTL, a novel candidate therapeutic target.

Significance:
Understanding how prostate cancers adapt to AR-targeted interventions is critical for identifying novel drug targets to improve the clinical management of treatment-resistant disease. Our study revealed an enzalutamide-induced epigenomic plasticity toward prosurvival signaling and uncovered the circadian regulator ARNTL as an acquired vulnerability after AR inhibition, presenting a novel lead for therapeutic development.
See related commentary by Zhang et al., p. 2017.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2007