bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seq2EG: A Novel and Effective Event Graph Parsing Approach for Event Extraction
Authors: Zhou Junsheng , Sun Haotong , Kong Li , Gu Yanhui , Qu Weiguang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Event extraction is a fundamental task in information extraction. Most previous approaches typically transform event extraction into two subtasks: trigger classification and argument classification, and solve them via classification-based methods, which suffer from some inherent drawbacks. To overcome these issues, in this paper we propose a novel event extraction model Seq2EG by first formulating event extraction as an event graph parsing problem, and then exploiting a pre-trained sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) model to transduce an input sentence into an accurate event graph without the need for trigger words. Based on the generative event graph parsing formulation, our model Seq2EG can explicitly model the multiple event correlations and argument sharing, and can naturally incorporate some graph-structured features and the rich semantic information conveyed by the labels of event types and argument roles. Extensive experimental results on the public ACE2005 dataset show that, our approach outperforms all previous state-of-the-art models for event extraction by a large margin, respectively obtaining an improvement of 3.4% F1 score for event detection and an improvement of 4.7% F1 score for argument classification over the best baselines.
Predictive value of thyroid hormone levels in adverse prognosis in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: Zhang Lihua , Ling Xiaosui , Li Fan , He Haiping , Li Zengzheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The level of thyroid hormones (TH) influences the prognosis of a wide range of diseases. Despite this, to date, there have been few studies that have evaluated the effect of TH levels on the prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). As a result, we investigated the effect of TH levels on survival in patients with MM.Methods: TH levels and common adverse prognostic markers were compared in 124 newly diagnosed MM patients. To evaluate differences between categorical and continuous variables, Chi-Square test and Fisher's Exact test as well as Mann-Whitney U test were used. Kaplan-Meier test was used for survival analysis, and Cox proportional risk regression was used for univariate and multivariate analysis of overall survival (OS).Results: A significant decrease in total thyroxine (TT4) and total triiodothyronine (TT3) was observed in patients with multiple myeloma (P <0.05) compared to healthy subjects. In multiple myeloma patients, the levels of TT4, TT3, free (F)T4, and FT3 in non-survivors were significantly lower than those in survivors (P <0.05), and TT4 levels were significantly positively correlated with hemoglobin and albumin levels (P <0.05). The Cox proportional hazard model revealed that age≥68 years (HR=0.463, 95%CI =0.226-0.900, P=0.036) and TT4≤67.66 nmol/L (HR=0.204, 95%CI=0.101-0.412, P <0.001) were an independent prognostic factors for OS in multiple myeloma patients (P <0.05). Conclusions: Thyroid hormone levels, particularly TT4, may be an important predictor of poor prognosis in patients with MM.
The application of tensor representation and HoSVD for detecting 3D-facial shape recovery
Authors: Yazdani Hamid Reza , Shojaerfard Ali Reza 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a fast 3D-facial shape recovery algorithm from a single image with general, Unknown lighting. To derive the algorithm , we formulate a nonlinear least-square problem with two-parameter vectors related to personal identity and light conditions. We then combine the spherical harmonics for the surface normal of a human face with tensor algebra and show that in a particular condition, the dimensionality of the least-square problem can be further reduced to one-tenth of the regular subspace-based model by using tensor decomposition (N-mode SVD), which speeds up the computations. To enhance the shape recovery performance, we have incorporated prior information in updating the parameters. The proposed algorithm takes less than 0.4 s to reconstruct a face in the experiment and shows a significant performance improvement over other reported scheme.
Re-interpreting Rules Interpretability
Authors: Adilova Linara , Kamp Michael , Andrienko Gennady , Andrienko Natalia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Trustworthy machine learning requires a high level of interpretability of machine learning models , yet many models are inherently black-boxes. Training interpretable models instead — or using them to mimic the black-box model — seems like a viable solution. In practice, however , these interpretable models are still unintelligible due to their size and complexity. In this paper, we present an approach to explain the logic of large interpretable models that can be represented as sets of logical rules by a simple, and thus intelligible, descriptive model. The coarseness of this descriptive model and its fidelity to the original model can be controlled, so that a user can understand the original model in varying levels of depth. We showcase and discuss this approach on three real-world problems from healthcare, material science, and finance.
Optical discovery of a relativistic jet from the tidal disruption of a star by a supermassive black hole
Authors: Andreoni Igor , Coughlin Michael , Perley Daniel , Yao Yuhan , Lu Wenbin , Cenko S. , Kumar Harsh , Anand Shreya , Ho Anna , Kasliwal Mansi , Postigo Antonio de Ugarte , Sagués-Carracedo Ana , Schulze Steve , Kulkarni Shri , Sollerman Jesper , Tanvir Nial , Rest Armin , Ahumada Tomás , Anupama G. , Auchettl Katie , Barway Sudhanshu , Bellm Eric , Bhalerao Varun , Bloom Joshua , Bremer Michael , Bulla Mattia , Burns Eric , Campana Sergio , Chandra Poonam , Charalampopoulos Panos , Cooke Jeff , D'Elia Valerio , Das Kaustav , Dobie Dougal , Fernández José Agüí , Freeburn James , Fremling Christoffer , Gezari Suvi , Graham Matthew , Hammerstein Erica , Izzo Luca , Kann David Alexander , Kaplan David , Karambelkar Viraj , Kool Erik , Krips Melanie , Laher Russ , Leloudas Giorgos , Levan Andrew , Lundquist Michael , Mahabal Ashish , Medford Michael , Miller M. , Moller Anais , Mooley Kunal , Nayana A , Nir Guy , Pang Peter , Paraskeva Emmy , Perley Richard , Petitpas Glen , Pursiainen Miika , Ravi Vikram , Ridden-Harper Ryan , Riddle Reed , Rigault Mickael , Rodriguez Antonio , Rusholme Benjamin , Sharma Yashvi , Smith I. , Somalwar Jean , Thöne Christina , Valdes Francisco , Roestel Jan van , Vergani Susanna , Wang Qinan , Zhang Jielai 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Tidal disruption events (TDEs) are bursts of electromagnetic energy released when supermassive black holes at the center of galaxies violently disrupt stars that pass too close. TDEs provide a new window to study accretion onto supermassive black holes; in some cases, this accretion leads to launching of a relativistic jet, but the necessary conditions are not fully understood. Here, we report the optical discovery of AT2022cmc, a rapidly fading source located at redshift z=1.19325. Observations of a bright counterpart at other wavelengths, including X-rays, sub-millimeter, and radio, supports the interpretation of AT2022cmc as a jetted TDE containing a synchrotron ``afterglow.'' Using 4 years of Zwicky Transient Facility survey data, we calculated a rate of 0.02 ^{+ 0.04 }_{- 0.01 } Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1} for jetted TDEs based on the luminous, fast-fading red component, thus providing a measurement complementary to the rates derived from X--ray and radio observations (Brown et al., 2015), confirming that ~1% of TDEs have on-axis jets. Forthcoming observations of AT2022cmc could resolve the jet through high-resolution imaging, while optical surveys have the potential to unveil a population of cosmological flares of the AT2022cmc class.
Synthesis and characterization of nano-zinc oxide fiber: adsorption of acid blue 92 dye, isotherms, thermodynamics and kinetics
Authors: Qais Deepro Sanjid , Islam Md Nazrul , Othman Mohd. Hafiz Dzarfan , Mahmud H.N.M. Ekramul , Quayum Md. Emran , Islam Md Anwarul , Ismail Iqbal Mohammad Ibrahim , Habib Ahsan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Rapid industrialization, particularly textile/dyeing, causes substantial surface water contamination by various dyes and pigments globally. Bangladesh’s export-oriented textile industry has grown dramatically in recent decades, causing significant pollution of nearby water bodies. In this work, nano-zinc oxide was synthesized by a precipitation method with PEG 400 and characterized using SEM, XRD and FTIR techniques and found to be fiber-like, perfectly wurtzite and pure. The nano-ZnO was applied to remove acid blue 92, an ionic dye, from aqueous solution to investigate it as an adsorbent. The effects of pH, adsorbent dosage, AB92 concentration and contact time on adsorption process were investigated for optimization. According to the correlation coefficients ( R 2 ) and the fitting of Redlich-Peterson model, the adsorption process followed Langmuir isotherm at lower temperature and Freundlich isotherm at higher temperature with Temkin model. The adsorption process was found to be endothermic and spontaneous. For adsorption thermodynamics, ΔH was found to be +20.32 kJmol -1 , and ΔG was varied from -1.86 to -3.84 kJmol -1 as the temperature increased from 291 to 317 K. The adsorption kinetics exhibited pseudo second order. The Temkin isotherm and Elovich kinetic model suggested that the process to be chemisorption. The nano-ZnO showed tremendous re-usability as an adsorbent for the removal of AB92. The results are suggesting for designing nano-ZnO-based methods to remove organic pollutants efficiently from industrial effluents for ecological and sustainable development. The mechanisms of nano-ZnO fiber formation and anionic dye adsorption on nano-ZnO are also discussed.
Shore hardness is a more representative measurement of bulk tissue biomechanics than of skin biomechanics.
Authors: Chatzistergos Panagiotis E. , Allan David , Chockalingam Nachiappan , Naemi Roozbeh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Shore hardness (SH) is a non-invasive, cost-effective measurement of a tissue’s resistance to indentation that can enhance clinical research and practice in areas like skin pathologies or diabetic foot ulceration. Even though the measurement itself is relatively simple, correctly interpreting its outcome is challenging. To support the effective use of SH this study investigates whether SH should be interpreted as a measurement of skin or of bulk tissue biomechanics. A 3D Finite Element model of the heel and a validated model of a Shore-00 durometer were used to simulate testing for different combinations of stiffness and thickness in the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Twenty scenarios of altered tissue stiffness or thickness relative to the reference condition were investigated. The results of this numerical analysis showed that SH is significantly more sensitive to changes in skin thickness, relatively to subcutaneous tissue, but equally sensitive to changes in the stiffness of either tissue. Indicatively, 25% reduction in skin thickness (0.3mm thickness change) or in subcutaneous tissue thickness (5.9mm thickness change) reduced SH by 7% or increased SH by 2% respectively. At the same time 25% reduction in the initial stiffness of skin (10.1MPa stiffness change) or of subcutaneous tissue (4.1MPa stiffness change) led to 11% or 8% reduction in SH respectively. In the literature, SH is commonly used to study skin biomechanics. However, this analysis indicates that SH quantifies the deformability of bulk tissue, not of skin. Measurements of skin thickness are also necessary for the correct interpretation of SH.
Analysis of physical function, muscle strength and pulmonary function in surgical cancer patients: a prospective cohort study.
Authors: Rocha Lara Patrícia Bastos , Medeiros Fernanda da Rocha , de Oliveira Hilana Nóbrega , Valduga Renato , Junior Gerson Cipriano , Cipriano Graziella França Bernardelli 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate mobility, physical functioning, peripheral muscle strength, inspiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function in surgical cancer patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). We conducted a prospective cohort study with 85 patients. Mobility, physical functioning, peripheral muscle strength, inspiratory muscle strength, and pulmonary function were assessed using the following tests: ICU Mobility Scale (IMS); Chelsea Critical Care Physical Assessment (CPAx); handgrip strength and Medical Research Council Sum-Score (MRC-SS); maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and S-Index; and peak inspiratory flow, respectively. The assessments were undertaken at ICU admission and discharge. The data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk and Wilcoxon tests and Spearman's correlation coefficient. Significant differences in inspiratory muscle strength, CPAx, grip strength, MRC-SS, MIP, S-Index, and peak inspiratory flow scores were observed between ICU admission and discharge. Grip strength showed a moderate correlation with MIP at admission and discharge. The findings also show a moderate correlation between S-Index scores and both MIP and peak inspiratory flow scores at admission and a strong correlation at discharge. Patients showed a gradual improvement in mobility, physical functioning, peripheral and inspiratory muscle strength and inspiratory flow during their stay in the ICU.
Effects of COVID-19 Lockdowns on the development of educational, social and emotional gaps between the children - A Retrospective Chart Review
Authors: ebert tanya 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
School closures due to the COVID-19 outbreak have affected the world's students physically, socially, and psychologically with an increase in the number of children and adolescent with anxiety, depression and drug abuse.
Methods
This study included 380 children evaluated in the outpatient Child Psychiatric Clinic, and were divided into two groups: before the lockdowns (BLD) (n = 248), from 1.2019 to 2.2020, and during the lockdowns (LD) (n = 132), from 3.2020 to 4.2021.
Results
When comparing the LD to BLD there was increase in suicide attempts (9.8% Vs 2.8%), in the use of psychotherapy (81% Vs. 56%), and a decrease in the diagnoses of behavior disorders (29.5% Vs 44.8%), and ADHD (29.5% vs. 50%) and decrease in stimulants use (22.7% Vs. 38%).
Conclusion
Many children may develop educational, social, emotional and behavioral gaps alongside the loss of skills in dealing with everyday problems due to social isolation during LD, emphasizing the importance of the education system.
Identification and preclinical development of kinetin as a safe error-prone SARS-CoV-2 antiviral and anti-inflammatory therapy
Authors: Souza Thiago , Pinho Vagner , Setin Cristina , Sacramento Carolina , Macron Rodrigo , Fintelman-Rodrigues Natalia , Heller Melina , Temerozo Jairo , Ferreira André , Mattos Mayara , Momo Patricia , Dias Suelen , Gesto Joao , Perira-Dutra Filipe , Viola João , Bou-Habib Dumith , Bozza Patrícia , Aguillón Anderson , Siqueira-Junior Jarbas , Macedo-Junior Sergio , Andrade Edineia , Fadanni Guilherme , Tolouei Sara , Potrich Francine , Santos Adara , Marques Naiani , Calixto João , Rabi Jaime 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Orally available antivirals against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are still scarce and the emergence of new variants challenging immunized individuals, suggests that mutant viruses might also emerge because of antiviral pressure. Therefore, beyond the recently alleged positive antiviral clinical results with molnupiravir™ and paxlovid™, the continuous search for drugs against 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is necessary. Because severe COVID-19 is a virus-triggered immune and inflammatory disfunction, molecules endowed with both antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity are highly desirable. We identified here that N6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin, MB-905) inhibits the in vitro replication of SARS-CoV-2 at the sub-micromolar range in human hepatic and pulmonary cell lines. On infected monocytes, MB-905 reduced virus replication, IL-6 and TNFα levels. As a pro-drug, MB-905 is converted into its triphosphate nucleotide to inhibit viral RNA synthesis and induce an error-prone virus replication. Consistently, co-inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 exonuclease, a proofreading enzyme that corrects erroneously placed nucleotides during viral RNA replication, potentiated the inhibitory effect of MB-905. SARS-CoV-2-infected transgenic mice expressing human ACE2 were treated with MB-905 and decreased viral replication of the gamma variant was observed, along with reduced lung necrosis, hemorrhage and inflammation, together with increasedmice survival. MB-905 showed good oral absorption, its metabolites were stable and achieved long-lasting plasma concentrations exceeding those required for the in vitro inhibition. Besides, MB-905 was neither mutagenic, toxic during chronic treatment, nor cardiotoxic. Because kinetin has already been clinically investigated for a rare genetic disease at regimens that are beyond the predicted concentrations of antiviral/anti-inflammatory inhibition demonstrated here, our investigation strongly suggests the opportunity for a rapid clinical development of a new and orally available antiviral substance for the treatment of COVID-19.
“When I say I'm depressed, it's like anger.” An Exploration of the Emotional Landscape of Climate Change Concern in Norway and Its Psychological, Social and Political Implications.
Authors: Marczak Michalina , Winkowska Małgorzata , Chaton-Østlie Katia , Rios Roxanna Morote , Klöckner Christian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Climate anxiety discourse focuses predominantly on individualised and potentially mentally disturbing aspects of emotional responses to the awareness of climate change which can silence the mobilising charge of climate change emotions. We critically examine this perspective and explore the range, context, and perceived effects of emotions experienced in relation to climate change based on 33 in-depth interviews with people self-identified as highly concerned about this issue in the context of oil-wealthy Norway. Thematic analysis revealed that lived emotional experience of concern about climate change was characterised by a complex palette of co-occurring and dynamically linked emotions reported in relation to 16 evocative themes. We analyse the perceived effects of these emotions focusing on five areas: participants' mood and wellbeing, concerns about existing and hypothetical children, feelings of alienation, the responsibility for the climate situation, and positive experience in the context of climate change. We discuss the psychological, social and political implications of participants' emotional experience, considering the Norwegian context, and we conclude that it goes beyond potentially debilitating and paralysing feelings, and includes politically charged moral anger, and collective guilt, as well as love for nature, and a sense of community around collective climate action.
Whole exome sequencing in patients with ossification of the spinal ligaments
Authors: zhai jiliang , li jiahao , wei xing , Zhao Yu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The clinical presentations of ossification of spinal ligament (OSL) are majorly myelopathy and/or radiculopathy, with serious neurological pathology resulting in paralysis of extremities and disturbances of motility (motor function) lowering the quality of life. Currently, studies find that missense single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) play a vital role in the susceptibility for complex diseases. Methods: In the present study, we used whole exome sequencing (WES) method to explore variants in exomes and found out novel potential responsible genes for OSL. Genomic DNA was extracted from ligamentum flavum collected from 5 OSL patients and 5 control patients. Whole-exome sequencing was then performed, while variation forecasts and conservation examination were subsequently assessed. Results: 8 common SNP variants were exhibited in all 5 subjects of OSL, presented in the genes of GRHL2, CUL3, WHAMM, IL17RD, POM121L12, SLC26A8 and PTPN23. After screened with numbers of samples and additional screenings with deleterious Polyphen2_HDIV_score, Polyphen2_HVAR_score and SIFT, 4 common SNP variants were displayed in 4 subjects of OSL, presented in the genes of KRT84, KIF1B, NRAP and CETN1. 7 common SNP variants were existed in 3 subjects of OSL, presented in the genes of CCT3, ANLN, ESRRB, SRBD1, ODF3L1, BRAT1 and RBP3. Conclusion: We found out novel potential variants in several genes, especially WHAMM, KIF1B and ESRRB, which represented potentially pathogenic mutations in patients with OSL.
Bovine serum albumin with gallic acid: Molecular modeling and physicochemical profiling
Authors: Fedortsov Nikita , Budkevich Elena , Evdokimov Ivan , Ryabtseva Svetlana , Budkevich Roman 
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Gallic acid is a biologically active natural compound with strong antioxidant properties. Gallic acid is highly soluble and stable. It is known to increase the thermal stability of protein. However, its bioavailability is low, but interaction with proteins can solve this problem. Bovine serum albumin can bind various ligands, including polyphenols. The resulting complex of gallic acid and bovine serum albumin can become a promising functional food additive.
Study objects and methods. This research featured in silico molecular modeling of gallic acid and bovine serum albumin using the HyperChem program. The methods of infrared spectrometry, potentiometry, and sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) made it possible to describe the physicochemical profile of the complex.
Results and discussion. The molecular modeling confirmed that hydrophobic interactions were responsible for the chemical bond between gallic acid and bovine serum albumin. The SDS-PAGE test showed that the protein molecule remained intact. The reducing properties of the complex grew as the concentration of gallic acid increased. At 100 mg/L of gallic acid, the reducing properties were 7.8 ± 1.3 mg/L equivalent of gallic acid. At 200 and 300 mg/L, the values reached 15.90 ± 2.65 and 23.30 ± 5.05 mg/L, respectively. The IR spectrometry revealed a significant difference between the samples with different concentrations of gallic acid.
Conclusion. The research managed to predict the properties of the complex of bovine serum albumin and gallic acid during its formation. The resulting complex had the highest reducing properties at 0.69 g of bovine serum albumin and 300 mg of gallic acid. The obtained parameters can be used in the food industry to develop new food additives.
Plant biomass and water use efficiency of winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under biosolid applications
Authors: Aukour Fakher J. , Bani Hani Nabeel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA large quantity of biosolid is produced worldwide from treated wastewater plants, and it is considered a big challenge to eliminate it in proper and environmentally safe ways. On the other hand, a large quantity of forage needed and was imported from outside to overcome the decrease in local forage production. The objective of this study was to increase the water use efficiency for production of barley biomass as forage crops using biosolid.