bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-1 small nucleic acid drugs attenuate the progression of osteoarthritis by downregulating Indian hedgehog
Authors: Li Pengcui , Gao Yangyang , Wang Hang , Che Xianda , Cong Lingling , Jiang Pinpin , Zhou Raorao , Liang Dan , Li Penghua , Wang Chunfang , Sang Shengbo , Duan Qianqian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective
To verify whether MicroRNA-1 (miR-1) small nucleic acid drugs can delay the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) by downregulating Indian hedgehog (Ihh).
Methods
Costal chondrocytes were isolated from male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 2–3 days. Second-generation chondrocytes were transfected with miR-1 mimic and empty vector with lipo3000 for 6 h and then stimulated with 10 ng/mL IL-1β for 24 h. OA-related genes and cartilage matrix genes were quantified using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT–qPCR). Two-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham operation group + 50 µL saline, anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) group + 50 µL agomiR-1 small nucleic acid drug, and control group ACLT + 50 µL agomiR-1. Treatment was started one week after the operation. All animals were euthanized eight weeks after the operation. X-rays and CT scans were used to detect imaging changes in the articular cartilage. Safranin O staining was used to detect morphological changes in articular cartilage. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect changes in Col2, Col10, metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), and other indicators. RT-qPCR was used to detect changes in indicators such as miR-1, Col2, Col10, MMP-13, Ihh, Smo, Gli1, Gli2, and Gli3.
Results
Overexpression of miR-1 in IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes reduced the levels of Ihh, MMP-13, and Col10 but increased the levels of Col2 and aggrecan. Intra-articular injection of miR-1 small nucleic acid drugs reduced osteophyte formation and prevented histological cartilage damage. RT-qPCR results indicated that the miR-1 small nucleic acid drug increased articular cartilage anabolism.
Conclusions
miR-1 small nucleic acid drugs can delay the progression of OA by downregulating Ihh.
Characterization of Short-Channel MOSFETs and TFETs at Cryogenic Temperatures
Authors: kumar kunal , Huang Sheng-Yi , lin Shih-Hsiang , kao kuo hsing , wang yeong her 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper compares the electrical characteristics of MOSFETs and tunnel FETs at different temperatures (300 ~ 10 K) by advance Sentaurus TCAD simulations at low temperature. we deliberated output characteristics of short-channel MOSFETs based on temperature. Our massiveness indicated that MOSFETs with drift-diffusion transport mechanism exhibit higher on-currents, and the subthreshold swing first decreases with temperatures linearly and then saturates at cryogenic temperatures due to source-to-drain tunneling. Also the output current is more when device cryogenically shift from 300K to 10K, However, our simulations reveal that the subthreshold swing of a tunnel FET is almost independent on temperatures. This wok also points out the challenges of a tunnel FET working at cryogenic temperatures.
Assessment of the application for microelement methionine hydroxy analogue chelate replacing amino acid chelate in pregnant sows
Authors: Guo Liu , Liu Shuan , Gong Chengyan , Zhao Wei , Mu Yuyun , Yin Yulong , Long Cimin , Wan Dan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Trace element additives are widely supplemented in animal feed to improve growth and reproductive performance, especially for pregnant sows. Although organic trace elements significantly improved production performance compared with inorganic form due to the better bioavailability, antioxidant and immune-promoting function, reports on comparison of the effects on different ligands is still limited. And it is not known that microelement methionine hydroxy analogue chelate (MHAC) whether has similar or even better bioavailability than amino acid chelate (AAC). Thus, the Zn, Cu and Mn chelated with methionine hydroxy analogue (Zn-, Cu- and Mn-MHAC) and amino acid chelate (AAC) were compared in two large-scaled farms under similar conditions. The results showed Zn-, Cu- and Mn-MHAC trace elements significantly increased reproductive performance of Landrace × Yorkshire (LY) 1st sows in treatment farm related to litter size and weight while reduced all adverse pregnancy outcomes (P < 0.001) not only in partial application period but also in full application period compared with historical period, especially in live litter size (P < 0.001), healthy litter size (P < 0.001) and litter weight (P < 0.001), and the increase of birth average weight more than 100g. Treatment farm has similar-level (P > 0.05) even significantly better production performance included litter size (P = 0.003), live litter size (P = 0.039) and mummies (P = 0.011) compared to the control farm in the end of trial period which was much worse than that of control farm in historical period (P < 0.001). In addition, all production performance of treatment farm had a continuous upward trend while control farm showed instability and decreasing trend. Our research revealed Zn-, Cu- and Mn-MHAC may have better effect on improving the performance of sows compared to amino acid chelate (AAC).
Experimental contour graph modelling of sandstones at high temperatures
Authors: Lee Joon Hyuk , Kang Ju Hui , Choi Sang Sun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The successful disposition of radioactive nuclear waste has been considered to be a non-negligible task in the strategy for developing advanced nuclear fuel cycles. The physical behavior of sandstone has garnered widespread interest for use in highly radioactive nuclear waste repositories due to its potential impacts on stability at high temperatures. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the physical characteristics of sandstones by combining tensile strength and porosity at 500°C. Our results show that the quartz content has a significant impact on the physical characteristics of sandstones. Further, an experimental contour graph modelling via mass loss ratio and specific gravity of sandstones at 500°C was also observed. In all cases, the physical change of sandstones was less than 5%. We anticipate that sandstones can potentially serve as a natural barrier for secondary nuclear waste repositories which are in need to endure high temperatures.
Phytoconstituent estimation and LC-MS studies of field grown Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal root extract in Jharkhand &amp; Bihar
Authors: Mahto Harishankar , Mahato Dipa , Sharma Hanuman Prasad 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Plants in either raw form or their root extract constituents utilized as complementary and alternative medicine in various disorders. The present study was undertaken for phytoconstituents estimation and to evaluate chemical compositions of methanolic extract of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha) roots collected from BAU, Ranchi, Jharkhand and Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar. Methods: Phytochemicals viz. crude methanolic extract analyzed in Ashwagandha roots. Alcoholic extract were prepared using Soxhlet extraction apparatus. On phytochemical evaluation, total phenolic, flavonoid, total tannin and alkaloids were estimated using their respective methods. Presences of bioactive components in extract were determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrophometry (ESI positive ion) technique. Results: Qualitative screening of extract ensured the presence of alkaloids, phenols, tannins and flavonoids. Quantitatively these phytochemicals showed TPC (66.06 mg/gm), TFC (650.0 mg/gm), TAC (102 mg/gm) and TTC (5.89 mg/gm). However, the phytochemicals and yield did not accumulate in various fractions on polarity. This result was supported by LC-MS analysis which showed 17 definite peaks in their chromatogram but only 8 peaks offer a suitable approximation. Extract revealed forty five bioactive compounds where most of them were withanolides, phenolic compounds, aryl propionic acid and cinnamide derivatives. Conclusion: Quantitative analysis of present phytochemical showed maximum quantity of TFC followed by TAC, TPC and TTC. In other hand, presence of various bioactive compounds in root extract showed plant contains very high medicinal value.
Reconstruction, oversewing, or taking the anastomosis down – which surgical intervention is most potent in the treatment of anastomotic leaks following colorectal resections?
Authors: El-Ahmar Mohamad , Koch Franziska , Ristig Matthias , Ritz Jörg-Peter 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose:Anastomotic leak (AL) following colorectal resections can be treated interventionally. However, most cases require surgical intervention. Thus, several surgical techniques are available, which intend to affect the further course positively. The aim of this retrospective analysis is to determine which surgical technique proves to have the biggest potential in reducing the morbidity and mortality as well as to minimize the need of re-interventions after AL. Methods:All patients with a history of AL following colorectal resection between 2008 and 2020 were analyzed. Patient’s outcomes following surgical treatment of AL, including morbidity and mortality, clinical and para-clinical (laboratory examinations, ultrasound, and CT-scan) detection of AL recurrence, re-intervention rate, and the length of hospital stay were documented and correlated with the surgical technique used (e.g. simply over-sewing the AL, over-sewing the AL with the construction of a protective ileostomy, resection and reconstruction of the anastomosis, peritoneal lavage and transanal drainage, or taking the anastomosis down and constructing an end stoma).Results:A total of 2,656 colorectal resections were documented. AL occurred in 92 (4.4% AL occurrence-rate) and 31 (5.4% AL occurrence-rate) cases following colon and rectal resections, respectively. The anastomosis was not preservable in 52 and 17 cases following colon and rectal resections, respectively. Therefore, the anastomosis had been taken down and an end-stoma had been constructed. Over-sewing the AL with the construction of a protective ileostomy had the highest anastomosis preservation rate (14 of 18 cases) and lowest re-intervention rate (mean value of 1.5 re-interventions) following colon and rectal resections (7 of 9 cases; mean value, 1.5 re-interventions).Conclusion:In cases where an AL is preservable, over-sewing the anastomosis and constructing a protective ileostomy has the greatest potential for positive short-term outcomes following colorectal resections.
Neuroinflammation In Parkinson’s Disease: A Study With [11C]PBR28 PET And Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers
Authors: Al-Abdulrasul Haidar , Ajalin Riikka , Tuisku Jouni , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Vahlberg Tero , Ekblad Laura , Helin Semi , Forsback Sarita , Rinne Juha , Brück Anna 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease (PD) with [11C]PBR28 positron emission tomography (PET) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, and the relationship to dopaminergic functioning measured with 6-[18F]-fluoro-L-dopa ([18F]FDOPA) PET.
Methods
The clinical cohort consisted of 20 patients with PD and 51 healthy controls (HC). All HC and 15 PD participants underwent [11C]PBR28 High Resolution Research Tomograph (HRRT) PET examination for the quantitative assessment of cerebral binding to the translocator protein (TSPO), a neuroinflammation marker. CSF samples were available from 17 patients with PD and 21 HC and were examined for soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2), chitinase 3-like 1 protein (YKL-40), neurogranin (NG), alpha-synuclein (aSyn) and oligo-alpha-synuclein. All patients with PD underwent [18F]FDOPA HRRT PET examination.
Results
Subjects with PD and HC did not differ in the total volume of distribution (VT) of [11C]PBR28 in any studied brain regions. In the CSF analyses, higher levels of sTREM2 and NG were associated with more severe motor symptoms evaluated by The Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale motor part (UPDRS-III) (p = 0.041 and p = 0.016 respectively). Additionally, in the PD group increased VT in the basal ganglia and substantia nigra (SN) were related to higher levels of YKL-40 (p < 0.01). No significant correlations were found between [11C]PBR28 VT and [18F]FDOPA uptake or between [11C]PBR28 VT and UPDRS-III in any studied region. No significant correlations were observed between the CSF markers and [18F]FDOPA uptake in the SN or the striatum. No significant correlations were found between [11C]PBR28 VT and aSyn, oligo-aSyn or their ratio.
Conclusion
Associations between CSF biomarkers, motor disability and [11C]PBR28 VT in the striatum and SN may support a role for neuroinflammation in PD.
Cost-Effectiveness of Ticagrelor versus Clopidogrel in Acute Coronary Syndrome in Iran
Authors: Hashemi-Meshkini Amir , koochak Reza , Ayati Nayyereh , Nikfar Shekoufeh , Ghadimi Nashmil , Rezaee-Darzi Ehsan , Yaghoubifard Saeed , Abbasi Azam , Varmaghani Mehdi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Clopidogrel is a P2Y12 platelet antagonist commonly used for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, higher risk of vascular ischemic complications and hypo-responsiveness of some patients to its therapeutic effects limits its use. Ticagrelor, a newer option with a better efficacy and safety profile, was approved by US FDA in 2011 and it was launched in Iran 3 years ago, however it is not included in Iran reimbursement coverage lists yet. This study aimed to determine the cost- effectiveness of ticagrelor in comparison with clopidogrel in Iranian ACS patients.
Methods
A one-year decision tree model combined with a 20-year Markov transition model was used to stimulate long-term cost and effectiveness of both ticagrelor and clopidogrel in Iran based on an Iranian payer perspective. The clinical efficacy data were extracted from PLATO trial and other published studies. Costs were estimated based on local costs in public sectors. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were used to test robustness of base case results over uncertainties of model inputs.
Results
Compared with the clopidogrel, treatment of Iranian ACS patients with ticagrelor for 20 years resulted in an additional cost of 2.39 USD $ in hypothetical cohort of 1000 patient. On the other hand, ticagrelor led to 7.2 QALY gain per 1000 hypothetical patients. Accordingly, the estimated incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) for this analysis was 332.032 USD $ per one QALY gained.
Conclusion
Ticagrelor was a cost-effective antiplatelet medicine compared with clopidogrel in Iranian patients with ACS.
Trial Registration:
Not applicable
Induction of Type 3 Diabetes mellitus by the Administration of Smaller Doses of Aluminium Chloride to the STZ Pretreated Rats
Authors: Ahlawat Abhilasha , Walia Vaibhav , Garg Munish 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The present study is designed to develop Type-3 diabetes mellitus characterized by insulin resistance, mainly at the brain level. The experimental rats in group-1: received vehicle (5 ml/kg, i.p.) for 28 days, group-2-4: received aluminium chloride (AlCl3) (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) daily for 28 days, group-5: received single dose of STZ (45 mg/kg, i.p.), and group-6-8: received STZ and AlCl3 (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg, i.p. daily for 28 days) from the third day of STZ administration. The behavioral analysis was initiated on the 29th day, estimating locomotor activity using an open field test, learning and memory-related functions using elevated plus maze (EPM) and morris water maze (MWM) tests. Afterwards, the rats were sacrificed, and brain and blood were collected for whole-brain neurochemical and plasma biochemical assays, including glucose, insulin, nitrite, MDA and amyloid-beta levels. The brain tissues were sectioned, followed by H&E and congo red staining for histopathological examination. The results obtained demonstrated that the STZ pretreatment and AlCl3 (12.5 mg/kg) treatment significantly impaired the cognition in EPM and MWM. Also, the STZ pretreatment and AlCl3 (12.5 mg/kg) treatment significantly increased the brain glucose levels, brain insulin levels, lipid peroxidation and amyloid levels, suggesting the development of hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance and amyloid pathology. Further, STZ pretreatment and AlCl3 (12.5 mg/kg) treated rats produced the marked degenerated neurons, neuronal loss, and the marked deposition of amyloid fibrils suggesting the development of neurodegenerative changes. In conclusion, the present findings suggested that administering low doses of AlCl3 to the STZ pretreated experimental rats results in the development of marked hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, cognitive impairment, amyloid-beta deposition, and neuronal degeneration, reflects the features of Type-3 diabetes mellitus (T3DM).
Plasma arc generated vapour cloud from nail penetration of lithium-ion modules?
Authors: Christensen Paul , Dickman N. A. , Lambert S. M. , Mrozik W. , Wise M. S. , McDonald J. , Restuccia F. , Lambert P. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The pre-ignition stage following nail penetration of 1.67 kWh NMC(532) pouch cell modules at State-of-Charge ≤ 40% is associated with temperatures too low for combustion or pyrolysis (< 40°C), yet large volumes of a vapour cloud are produced. The vapour cloud is associated directly with a blue emission and it is suggested that this emission is due to the nitrogen in a plasma arc. Plasmas are increasingly associated with highly novel chemical processes.
A New Approach to Neutrosophic Soft Rough Sets]{A New Approach to Neutrosophic Soft Rough Sets
Authors: Yolcu Adem , Benek Aysun , Öztürk Taha Yasin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Rough set is a world-renowned innovation for dealing with ambiguous,incomplete, and imprecise situations. Soft set theory and neutrosophic settheory are other advanced mathematical techniques for dealing withambiguous, partial, and inconsistent data. The aim of this paper is tobroaden the scope of rough set theory, soft set theory, and neutrosophic settheory. The notion of neutrosophic soft rough sets have been re-introduced.On neutrosophic soft rough set, several definitions, properties, andexamples have been established. We also develop the concept of neutrosophicsoft rough topology, which is based on a novel neutrosophic soft rough setapproach. We have defined open sets, closed sets, interior, and closure ascharacteristics of neutrosophic soft rough topology.
A Deep Neural Network for Parametric Image Reconstruction on A Large-Axial Field of View PET
Authors: Li Yingying , Hu Jiaxi , Sari Hasan , Xue Song , Ma Ruiyao , Kandarpa Saisundar , Visvikis Dimitris , Rominger Axel , Liu Huafeng , Shi Kuangyu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The long axial field-of-view (AFOV) PET scanners with ultra-high sensitivity provide new opportunities for enhanced parametric imaging but suffer from the dramatically increased volume and complexity of dynamic data. This study reconstructed a high-quality direct Patlak Ki image from five frames sinograms without input function by a deep learning framework based on DeepPET to explore the potential of artificial intelligence reducing the acquisition time and the dependence of input function in parametric imaging.Methods: This study is implemented on a large AFOV PET/CT scanner (Biograph Vision Quadra) and twenty patients were recruited with 18 F-Fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 F-FDG) dynamic scans. During training and testing of the proposed deep learning framework, the last five frames (25 min, 40-65 min post-injection) sinograms were set as input and the reconstructed Patlak Ki images by a nested EM algorithm on the vendor were set as ground truth. To evaluate the image quality of predicted Ki images, mean square error (MSE), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and structural similarity index measure (SSIM) were calculated. Meanwhile, a linear regression process was applied between predicted and true Ki means on avid malignant lesions and tumor volume of interests (VOIs).Results: In testing phase, the proposed method achieved excellent MSE of less than 0.003, high SSIM, and PSNR of ~0.98 and ~38 dB, respectively. Moreover, there had a high correlation (DeepPET: = 0.7525, self-attention DeepPET: =0.8382) between predicted Ki and traditionally reconstructed Patlak Ki means over eleven lesions.Conclusions: The results show that the deep learning based method produced high-quality parametric images from small frames of projection data without input function. It has much potential to address the dilemma that the long scan time and dependency on input function that still hampers the clinical translation of dynamic PET.
Whole-slide cytometric feature mapping for distinguishing tumor genomic subtypes in HNSCC whole slide images
Authors: Blocker Stephanie , Morrison Samantha , Everitt Jeffrey , Cook James , Luo Sheng , Watts Tammara , Mowery Yvonne 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogenous disease where, in advanced stages, clinical and pathological stages do not correlate with outcome. Molecular and genomic biomarkers for HNSCC classification have shown promise for prognostic and therapeutic applications. In this study, we utilize automated image analysis techniques in whole slide images of HNSCC tumors to identify relationships between cytometric features and genomic phenotypes. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides of HNSCC tumors (N = 49) were obtained from the Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA), along with accompanying clinical, pathological, genomic, and proteomic reports. Automated nuclear detection was performed across the entirety of slides, and cytometric feature maps were generated. Forty-one cytometric features were evaluated for associations with tumor grade, tumor stage, tumor subsite, and integrated genomic subtype (IGS). Thirty-two features demonstrated significant association with IGS when corrected for multiple comparisons. In particular, the basal subtype was visually distinguishable from the chromosomal instability and immune subtypes based on cytometric feature measurements. No features were significantly associated with tumor grade, stage, or subsite. This study provides preliminary evidence that features derived from tissue pathology slides could provide insights into genomic phenotypes of HNSCC.