bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary lung cancer treatable with radical resection after complete remission with pembrolizumab therapy following gemcitabine and carboplatin chemotherapy for multiple metastases of bladder cancer
Authors: Nakamura Ryohta , Hasegawa Go , Ohashi Kazumasa , Hashimoto Takehisa , Ikeda Yohei , Hara Noboru , Nishiyama Tsutomu 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionWe report a patient with the complete remission of multiple metastases and primary bladder lesions of bladder cancer who developed primary lung cancer requiring radical resection.Case presentationA 68‐year‐old man diagnosed with invasive bladder cancer, right hydroureteronephrosis, and multiple metastases were administered six courses of gemcitabine and carboplatin chemotherapy and thereafter has been receiving pembrolizumab therapy. Bladder cancer and multiple metastases decreased in size, whereas a ground‐glass opacity lesion in the lung gradually increased in size. Fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography revealed the accumulation of fluorodeoxyglucose in the ground‐glass opacity lesion only. The patient was diagnosed with primary lung cancer and underwent a thoracoscopic lobectomy. Histopathological findings showed ALK‐negative, EGFR L858R mutation‐positive invasive adenocarcinoma with a programmed death‐ligand 1 tumor proportion score of less than 1%.ConclusionThis is the first case report of patients with the complete remission of multiple metastases of bladder cancer who developed primary lung cancer requiring radical resection.
Polystyrene nanoplastics aggravates lipopolysaccharide‐induced apoptosis in mouse kidney cells by regulating IRE1/XBP1 endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway via oxidative stress
Authors: Li Zhe , Xu Tong , Peng Lin , Tang Xinyu , Chi Qianru , Li Ming , Li Shu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNanoplastics (NPs) pollution poses a huge threat to the ecosystem and has become one of the environmental pollutants that have attracted much attention. There is increasing evidence that both oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) are associated with polystyrene nanoplastics (PS‐NPs) exposure. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been shown to induce apoptotic damage in various tissues, but whether PS‐NPs can aggravate LPS‐induced apoptosis in mouse kidneys through oxidative stress‐regulated inositol‐requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1)/X‐box binding protein 1 (XBP1) ERS pathway remains unclear. In this study, based on the establishment of in vitro and in vivo PS‐NPs and LPS exposure models alone and in combination in mice and HEK293 cells, the effects and mechanisms of PS‐NPs on LPS‐induced renal cell apoptosis were investigated. The results showed that PS‐NPs could aggravate LPS‐induced apoptosis. PS‐NPs/LPS can induce ERS through oxidative stress, activate the IRE1/XBP1 pathway, and promote the expression of apoptosis markers (Caspase‐3 and Caspase‐12). Kidney oxidative stress, ERS, and apoptosis in PS‐NPs + LPS combined exposure group were more severe than those in the single exposure group. Interestingly, 4‐phenylbutyric acid‐treated HEK293 cells inhibited the expression of the IRE1/XBP1 ERS pathway and apoptotic factors in the PS‐NPs + LPS combined exposure group. N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine effectively blocked the activation of the IRE1/XBP1 ERS pathway, suggesting that PS‐NPs‐induced oxidative stress is an early event that triggers ERS. Collectively, these results confirmed that PS‐NPs aggravated LPS‐induced apoptosis through the oxidative stress‐induced IRE1/XBP1 ERS pathway. Our study provides new insights into the health threats of PS‐NPs exposed to mammals and humans.
Significance of enriched culture on the assessment of the acute inhibitory impact of sulfamethoxazole on nitrifying biomass
Authors: Katipoglu‐Yazan Tugce , Ubay‐Cokgor Emine , Orhon Derin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDAutotrophic microorganisms are quite vulnerable to environmental conditions and to inhibitory actions that would upset nitrification mechanisms. A reliable numerical assessment of the adverse impact is needed for proper remedial action. This study focused on the kinetic response of the nitrifying fraction within the activated sludge biomass under acute exposure to sulfamethoxazole (SMX), utilizing and emphasizing the role of enriched culture. A mixed culture sustained with an enrichment technique was used to generate oxygen uptake rate profiles, where ammonia was the sole substrate with different SMX concentrations.RESULTSModel calibration studies yielded specific growth rates of 1.40/day for the ammonia oxidizing fraction and 0.65/day for the nitrite oxidizing fraction acting as the rate limiting step for the overall nitrification process. SMX did not appreciably affect the specific growth rates, but it induced a significant increase in half saturation coefficients. Moreover, increased endogenous decay rates were estimated.CONCLUSIONModel calibration values indicated that SMX induced competitive inhibition on microbial growth and enhanced endogenous respiration due to an increasing demand for the maintenance energy to activate antibiotic resistance. This underlines the merit of further studies on conditions to sustain resistant microorganisms capable of tolerating and even degrading antibiotics in biological systems. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Production of syngas by methane dry reforming over the catalyst ZNi1‐xCex: effects of catalyst calcination and reduction temperature
Authors: Rajput Akanksha Singh , Das Taraknath 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDA nickel‐based catalyst is active in the dry reforming of methane. However, the nickel‐metal particles' sintering at high reaction temperatures and the rapid catalyst deactivation due to coke deposition are still significant issues.RESULTSA series of catalysts, Ni1‐xCex, was prepared by the sol–gel technique and the synthesized catalysts were used for the methane dry reforming reaction considering various parameters, such as the ceria to nickel ratio, total loading, catalyst calcination, and reduction temperature. The addition of ceria to nickel increased the CH4 and CO2 percent conversion. The catalyst 40Ni0.75Ce0.25/Al2O3 calcined at 700 °C possessed a high conversion of CO2 and CH4. The reduced catalyst (40Ni0.75Ce0.25/Al2O3) showed better catalytic activity than the calcined catalyst. However, the reduced catalyst's performance declined due to coke deposition. The calcined catalyst was more stable than the reduced catalyst. The time‐on‐stream study (up to 16 h) reflected that the percent conversion and yield dropped more sharply for the reduced catalyst (% CO2 Conversion dropped: 100% to 94%) than for the calcined catalyst (% CO2 conversion dropped: 94% to 93%). The accumulation of ceria and support (alumina) increased the catalyst surface area, which improved the overall activity and stability of the catalyst. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy analyses detected the formation of Multi Walled ‐ Carbon Nanotubes (MW‐CNT) on the used catalyst. They also show the formation of a smaller diameter of MW‐CNT (60–70 nm) over the calcined catalyst than the reduced catalyst (80–139 nm).CONCLUSIONThe calcined catalyst, 40Ni0.75Ce0.25/Al2O3–700 °C, was very active with high methane (91%) and CO2 (94%) conversions; also, the reduced catalyst was active and possessed high methane (88%) and CO2 (100%) conversions at low reaction temperatures. Overall, the calcined catalyst was comparatively more stable than the reduced catalyst. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Exercise and emersion in air and recovery in seawater in the green crab (Carcinus maenas): Effects on nitrogenous wastes and branchial chamber fluid chemistry
Authors: Wood Chris M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAt low tide, the green crab, which is capable of breathing air, may leave the water and walk on the foreshore, carrying branchial chamber fluid (BCF). N‐waste metabolism was examined in crabs at rest in seawater (32 ppt, 13°C), and during 18‐h recovery in seawater after 1 h of exhaustive exercise (0.25 BL s−1) on a treadmill in air (20°C–23°C), or 1 h of quiet emersion in air. Measurements were made in parallel to O2 consumption (ṀO2), acid‐base, cardio‐respiratory, and ion data reported previously. At rest, the ammonia‐N excretion rate (ṀAmm = 44 µmol‐N kg−1 h−1) and ammonia quotient (AQ; ṀAmm/ṀO2 = 0.088) were low for a carnivore. Immediately after exercise and return to seawater, ṀAmm increased by 65‐fold above control rates. After emersion alone and return to seawater, ṀAmm increased by 17‐fold. These ammonia‐N bursts were greater, but transient relative to longer‐lasting elevations in ṀO2, resulting in temporal disturbances of AQ. Intermittent excretion of urea‐N and urate‐N at rest and during recovery indicated the metabolic importance of these N‐wastes. Hemolymph glutamate, glutamine, and PNH3 did not change. Hemolymph ammonia‐N, urea‐N, and urate‐N concentrations increased after exercise and more moderately after emersion, with urate‐N exhibiting the largest absolute increments, and urea‐N the longest‐lasting elevations. All three N‐wastes were present in the BCF, with ammonia‐N and PNH3 far above hemolymph levels even at rest. BCF volume declined by 34% postemersion and 77% postexercise, with little change in osmolality but large increases in ammonia‐N concentrations. Neither rapid flushing of stored BCF nor clearance of hemolymph ammonia‐N could explain the surges in ṀAmm after return to seawater.
Influence of bone morphology and femur preparation method on the primary stability of hip revision stems
Authors: Konow Tobias , Schlieker Peter J. , Lampe Frank , Ondruschka Benjamin , Morlock Michael M. , Huber Gerd 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAseptic loosening is one of the major reasons for re‐revisions of cementless revision stems. Insufficient primary stability is associated with bone characteristics and the surgical process. This study aimed to investigate how femur morphology and preparation methods influence the primary stability of revision stems. The Femur morphology was described by the upper femoral curvature (UFC) and an individualized Dorr type classification based on the ratio between the canal‐to‐calcar ratio (CCR*) and the cortical index (CI*) introduced as the cortical‐canal shape (CCS). Manual and powered reaming in combination with helical and straight reamers were used to prepare the bone cavity of 10 cadaveric human femur pairs. Forces during stem impaction were recorded (Reclaim, Depuy Synthes). Micromotion at the bone–implant interface during cyclic axial loading and torsional load to failure was determined. The CCS and impaction forces (R2 = 0.817, p < 0.001) or torsional strength (R2 = 0.577, p < 0.001) are inversely related. CCS did not correlate with micromotion during axial loading (R2 = 0.001, p > 0.999), but proximal femoral curvature did (R2 = 0.462, p = 0.015). Powered reaming and straight reamers led to an improved torsional strength (both: p = 0.043). The Individualized Dorr classification CCS and UFC allows a good estimation of the primary stability of revision stems. For severely curved Dorr type‐C femurs, an alternative anchorage method should be considered clinically.
Pattern of grade C molar‐incisor pattern periodontitis in families
Authors: Tabaa Mostafa , Adatowovor Reuben , Shabila Avesta , Morford Lorri , Dawson Dolph , Harrison Peter , Aukhil Ikramuddin , Huang Hong , Stromberg Arnold , Goncalves Jussara , Shaddox Luciana M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine the clinical and inflammatory response patterns for individual siblings diagnosed with grade C molar‐incisor pattern periodontitis (C‐MIP) and between the related siblings within families.MethodsSixty‐nine siblings within 28 families with moderate‐to‐severe C‐MIP were included. Clinical parameters were evaluated for symmetry regarding the affected type of teeth, side and/or arch, and bone loss pattern. The protein concentrations from in vitro whole blood cultures for 14 different lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated inflammatory markers were correlated with the extent and severity of disease, within an individual sibling and among siblings within a family.ResultsA similar disease pattern was observed among all siblings and within families. The most common teeth affected were first molars and incisors or first molars only within the permanent dentition and only molars within the primary dentition (p < 0.001). Symmetry involving molars was higher than in incisors in siblings, regardless of arch or side affected (p = 0.020). Arc‐shape/vertical bone defects were the most common (p = 0.006) and higher symmetry was found for these defects in the permanent dentition (p = 0.005). Positive correlations were found between age, clinical attachment loss, and percent affected sites with several inflammatory markers. The inflammatory responses for several inflammatory markers were correlated within and among families (p < 0.050). Specifically, the intraclass correlation coefficient within families was highest (>0.5) for interleukin (IL)‐8, IL‐6, and IL‐10.ConclusionsFamilies with C‐MIP presented similar patterns of disease. The level of an inflammatory response to bacteria seemed to play a role in the extent and severity of this disease, exemplified by the high degree of correlation in these families.
Cyanoacrylate and hyaluronic acid combination on palatal donor site management after de‐epithelialized graft harvesting
Authors: Parlak Hanife Merva , Durmaz Murat Haktan , Bayrak Havanur , Yilmaz Birtan Tolga , Keceli H. Gencay 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough soft tissue substitutes showed promising improvement in the past decade, epithelialized gingival graft (EGG) is still widely used in periodontal plastic surgery applications. Donor site management after EGG harvesting has been challenging for clinicians. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cyanoacrylate, hyaluronic acid, and their combination in palatal donor site management after EGG harvesting.MethodsData from 89 patients were included and categorized as gelatin sponge (GS), gelatin sponge with either cyanoacrylate (GS + CY), hyaluronic acid (GS + HA), or both (GS + CY + HA). The data of pain perception (PP), quantity of analgesics (QA), secondary bleeding (SB), epithelization level (EL), and color match (CM) were assessed retrospectively.ResultsThe GS + CY and GS + HA + CY groups showed lower PP scores compared to the GS and GS + HA groups (p < 0.05). The QA was higher in the GS group compared to the GS + CY and GS + HA + CY groups (p < 0.001). All study groups showed greater EL than GS group on day 7 (p < 0.001). On day 14, full EL was present in 81% of the patients in the GS + HA + CY group, which was higher than the other groups (p < 0.001). All study groups reported lower SB in the first 3 days, which was lower compared to the GS group (p < 0.001) and showed higher CM scores than the GS group on days 7 and 14 (p < 0.001).ConclusionsCY application reduces pain and analgesic intake and HA may support the wound healing with increased EL. Using the CY‐HA combination provides additional benefits for donor site management.
Aggregation and adsorption behavior of cobalt‐based metallosurfactant in water–ethylene glycol media forming worm‐like micelles
Authors: Charingia Anushmita , Shergujri Mohd Aurif , Suting Smarling , Wagay Tariq Ahmad , Askari Hassan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe cobalt based metallosurfactant cis‐chlorobis(ethylenediamine)hexadecylaminecobalt(III) chloride (CHCC) has been prepared and well characterized by utilizing elemental analysis, NMR (1H, 13C), FT‐IR and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The CHCC metallosurfactant shows thermal stability up to 168°C. The micellization behavior of the synthesized CHCC metallosurfactant has been investigated systematically by the tensiometric, conductometric, and fluorescence techniques. The critical micelle concentration (cmc) values of CHCC have been determined in various water–ethylene glycol mixtures ranging from 0 to 100 weight % of ethylene glycol at 293.15, 298.15, 303.15, and 308.15 K. The physicochemical parameters namely counterion binding constant, surface pressure, surface excess, surface area covered per CHCC metallosurfactant molecule, free energy minimum, standard free energies of micellization and adsorption, standard enthalpy and entropy of micellization, and Gibb's free energy of transfer have been calculated. The hydrodynamic diameters and zeta potentials of the CHCC metallomicelles have been measured by dynamic light scattering method. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to confirm the presence of worm‐like micelles.
Diffusion of phenolic compounds during a model maceration in winemaking: role of flesh and seeds
Authors: Abi‐Habib Elissa , Vernhet Aude , Roi Stéphanie , Carrillo Stéphanie , Veran Fredéric , Ducasse Marie‐Agnès , Poncet‐Legrand Céline 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDDuring red winemaking, diffusion of phenolic compounds from the grape berry cells into the liquid phase occurs simultaneously with the adsorption of the same compounds onto the pulp. In previous studies, we quantified the proportions of polyphenols diffusing from the skins and then assessed the amounts that can be fixed by the pulp. In this work, we added the impact of seeds, also present during vinification, by carrying out macerations in a model medium with the following berry compartments: skins, seeds, skins + seeds, skins + seeds + pulp.RESULTSInterestingly, the seeds alone released a rather high amount of polyphenols. As soon as they were in the presence of cell walls of skin/flesh, and/or anthocyanins, the concentration of seed tannins in the solution dropped dramatically, due to a combined effect of adsorption and/or precipitation and/or chemical reactions. The pulp certainly adsorbed tannins, but they also tended to shift the extraction equilibria, and it seems that more tannins could be extracted from skins and seeds when pulp was present. Polyphenol amounts extracted in model systems with skins + seeds + pulp were close to what was extracted in microvinification.CONCLUSIONThese model experiments reflect relatively well extraction during microvinification experiments and highlight the respective impact of the grape berry's different compartments in the wine's final phenolic composition as well as some of the mechanisms involved. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
A polarization modulated directional backlight autostereoscopic display
Authors: Fan Yunjia , He Yong , Chen Xuehao , Li Zhanhong , Li Xiaoke , Zhan Shaohui , Zhou Jianying 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA polarization modulated directional backlight autostereoscopic display is proposed and demonstrated. The system consists of the orthogonally polarized backlight, the Fresnel lens array, a light shaping diffuser film, and a liquid crystal display (LCD) with a microphase retardation film. The autostereoscopic image pair carried by the directional light with different polarization directions is simultaneously projected to different spatial directions. The simulation and experimental results show that the directional projection of parallax images is realized for a high‐quality autostereoscopic display with large viewing angle and continuous viewing volume, hence making it suitable for practical applications.
Prognostic and predictive factors for locoregional and systemic therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Gray Simon , Lamarca Angela , McNamara Mairéad G. , Edeline Julien , Piper‐Hanley Karen , Valle Juan W. , Hubner Richard A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a growing health concern, with an estimated global incidence of over 1 million by 2025. In its intermediate and advanced stages, HCC remains a challenging condition to treat, despite a recently expanded array of systemic therapies, which continues to grow. Extensive efforts have accordingly been made to identify predictive factors to guide treatment decisions. However, currently, only one predictive biomarker is in widespread clinical use, namely elevated alpha‐fetoprotein for second‐line systemic therapy with ramucirumab. This article reviews known prognostic and predictive biomarkers for patients with HCC who are treated with locoregional and systemic therapies, including recent controversies around the potential impact of HCC aetiology on the efficacy of systemic therapies.
The incorporation of straw into the subsoil increases C, N, and P enzyme activities and nutrient supply by enriching distinctive functional microorganisms
Authors: Zhao Deqiang , Ling Jun , Wu Gong , Liu Zixi , Zhou Shunli , Wen Yuan , Beule Lukas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIncorporation of crop residues into agricultural soils is a common practice that can improve soil quality. However, the impact of different straw incorporation techniques on soil bacteria and their functions is still not well understood, especially across soil depths. Here, we investigated the impact of three maize straw management methods (straw removal, straw incorporation into topsoil, and deep‐injected straw incorporation into subsoil) on soil bacterial communities and how they were linked to extracellular enzymes and soil properties. Deep‐injected straw incorporation strongly promoted enzyme activities: C‐cycling enzymes increased by 111–532 nmol g−1 hr−1, N‐cycling enzymes by 229–708 nmol g−1 hr−1, and P‐cycling enzymes by 142–216 nmol g−1 hr−1 compared to straw removal and straw incorporation into topsoil. In addition, deep‐injected straw incorporation considerably increased soil organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and total nitrogen (TN) compared to the other straw management methods (249–253% for SOC, 303–370% for DOC, and 178–196% for TN). However, in topsoil, only minimal effects of straw management practices on bacterial communities, enzymes activities, and soil properties were found. Deep‐injected straw incorporation favoured copiotrophic bacteria which resulted in a reduction of 41% in Shannon index. Bacteria associated with carbon and nitrogen cycling were mainly Actinobacteria, which were positively correlated with TN, SOC, and DOC. Acidobacteria were the dominant species in P‐cycling module and were positively associated with SOC, DOC, and available phosphorus. Overall, injection of straw into subsoil alters bacterial communities and functioning, and increases soil nutrients and soil organic C in subsoil.
An econometric analysis of small‐ and medium‐scale enterprises and employment creation in Nigeria
Authors: Aderemi Timothy Ayomitunde , Opele Adedayo Mathias , Okoh Johnson Ifeanyi , Al‐Faryan Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between small‐medium enterprises and employment in Nigeria. Annual data extracted from the ILO, WDI and CBN databases from 1991 to 2019 was subjected to various econometric techniques. The summary of findings that erupted in this work is as follows. Commercial banks loans to SMEs stimulate a significant employment creation in Nigeria. SMEs jobs have a significant positive contribution to employment creation in the country. Steaming from the findings of this study, whenever these policymakers want to create employment, policy and programmes that drive the expansion of SMEs oriented jobs should be implemented in the country.