bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P04-10 The Physical activity health paradox - what do we know about physiological mechanisms? (editorial)
Authors: Hallman David , Cillekens Bart , Ketels Margo , Gupta Nidhi , Clays Els , Maaike Huysmans , Andreas Holtermann , Coenen Pieter 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
There is strong and consistent evidence that leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) improves cardiovascular health and reduces the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Less is known about health effects of occupational physical activity (OPA), and results are not in favor of a beneficial effect on cardiovascular health. Several large-scale prospective studies have found that high occupational physical activity (OPA) is associated with detrimental or no effects on cardiovascular health and mortality. These contrasting associations with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality for LTPA and OPA have coined ‘The Physical activity health paradox'. Although the underlying physiological mechanisms are not established, a theoretical framework was proposed by Holtermann and colleagues (2018). This framework suggests that due to the nature of OPA (i.e. low intensity, long duration, constrained postures, and limited recovery), it may not result in healthy adaptation to the same extent as LTPA, or even lead to unhealthy responses, such as elevated 24-hour heart rate and blood pressure and increased inflammation. Drawing on theoretical models and empirical findings, the aim is to summarize the literature regarding potential physiological mediators of the physical activity health paradox. This also includes a brief summary of our own research based on accelerometer measurements of physical activity with cardiovascular regulation assessed by heart rate and blood pressure in workers with low occupational class and manual work.
P05-03 The role of physical training in the correction of cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Matveeva Mariia , Samoilova Julia , Zhukova Natalie , Yakimovich Inessa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role of physical exercises in improving cognitive functions in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods
The study protocol was approved by an ethics committee and all patients signed an informed consent. We examined 204 patients with type 2 diabetes aged 61.7 ± 11.2 years (persons hospitalized in the endocrinology department of the clinics of the Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk). Blind double method patients were randomized into 2 groups: the main one was engaged in physical therapy and the control group (observation). The study was carried out in two stages: at the first visit, a clinical and psychological examination was conducted, which included the Montreal Cognitive Function Assessment Scale and the Diabetes-dependent Quality of Life Questionnaire; repeated clinical and psychological examination was carried out after rehabilitation after 6 months

Results
At the first stage the study revealed the presence of cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes, mainly in tasks on visual-constructive skills, memory, attention and speech. These disorders were reduced after physical therapy (second stage) by 2.6 points (t = 0.01, p = 0.00006): visual-constructive skills (t = 0.0, p = 0.008), speech (t = 0.0, p = 0.005), abstraction (t = 0.0, p = 0.002) and memory (t = 0.0, p = 0.0007), no change in cognitive function occurred in the observation group. In terms of carbohydrate metabolism: the level of HbA1c decreased by 0.9%, fasting glycemia - by 1.6 mmol/L in main group, but increased by 0,1% of HbA1c and by 0,2 mmol/L of glycemia in the observation group (second stage) (t = 2.0, p = 0.000003; t = 3.0, p = 0.0008). Patients involved in physical therapy showed improvement in a larger number of parameters - leisure, travel, vacation, personal life, appearance, self-confidence, future confidence, financial situation, dependence, food choice, choice of drinks, total point (p &gt; 0.05), when there was a decrease in points in the parameters of the control group.

Conclusion
During rehabilitation in patients with type 2 diabetes, there is an improvement in cognitive functions, carbohydrate metabolism and quality of life.
P05-05 Impact of pain and fear of falling in walking performance under single and dual-task conditions in women with fibromyalgia
Authors: Narcis Gusi , Murillo-Garcia Alvaro , Leon-Llamas Juan Luis , Sanchez-Gomez Jesus , Villafaina Santos 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Fibromyalgia is characterized by stiffness and widespread pain which cause a negative impact on health-related quality of life and activities of daily living. In this regard, these activities are usually presented as dual-task situations (execution of two tasks simultaneously). Some physical fitness tests have been used under dual-task condition in order to evaluate physical fitness under a more ecological approach. It is hypothesized that physical fitness test could provide more information than physical fitness test under single-task condition. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between 10m walking test performance under both single and dual- task conditions and the fear of falling and the intensity of pain in women with fibromyalgia.

Methods
A total of 38 women (55.65 [9.28] years-old) participated in the study. Participants performed the 10-m walking test where they have to walk on a 10 meters straight-line as fast as they can. Moreover, the fear of falling and the intensity of pain were measured by a visual analogue scale (0-100).

Results
Furthermore, the performance of 10-m walking test correlated positively with the fear of falling in both under single (rho= 0.550; p-value: &gt; 0.001) and dual-task conditions (rho= 0.483; p-value: 0.002). However, the performance of 10m walking test only positively correlated with pain under dual-task condition (rho= 0.341; p-value: 0.031). In single task condition did not significantly correlate (rho= 0.252; p-value: 0.116).

Conclusions
The performance of 10m walking test under single and dual-task conditions are correlated with the fear of falling. However, the pain intensity only significant correlated with 10m walking test performance under dual-task condition. This could indicate that pain intensity has more influence than the fear of falling on decreasing the performance of a daily living activity such as walking. However, further studies under dual-task paradigm are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
P05-06 Composition of physical behaviors at work and risk of sick leave due to musculoskeletal pain
Authors: Hallman David , Gupta Nidhi , Holtermann Andreas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Sick leave due to musculoskeletal pain is common in the workforce. Time use in physical behaviors at work such as sitting, standing, low- (LIPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) may impact on sick leave due to pain. However, studies addressing this relationship using technical measures of physical behaviors are scarce. The aim was to investigate the association between time-use compositions of physical behavior at work and sick leave trajectories due to musculoskeletal pain over one year.

Methods
We analyzed data of 981 workers in a Danish cohort (DPHACTO 2012-2014). We assessed physical behaviors at work at baseline using thigh-worn accelerometers, and classified behaviors at work as sitting, standing, LIPA, and MVPA. Over 1 year follow-up, workers reported sick leave days due to musculoskeletal pain using text messages at 4-week intervals (14 waves). We used Latent class growth analysis to distinguish sub-groups with different trajectories of sick leave. We analyzed associations between time-use in physical behaviors and sick leave trajectories using multinomial regression analysis with adjustment for age, gender, BMI, smoking, and accelerometry-measured physical activity during leisure. Compositional data analysis was used to account for the co-dependency of different behaviors.

Results
We identified four distinct trajectories of sick leave due to pain over one year as follows: no sick days (prevalence 76%), few days-increasing trajectory (19%), some days-decreasing trajectory (3%), and some days-increasing trajectory (2%). Spending more time in sitting relative to the other behaviors was negatively associated with few days-increasing trajectory of sick leave (p &gt; 0.001), while time in LIPA was positively associated with some days-increasing trajectory of sick leave (p = 0.001). Reallocating 60 min/day from sitting to other behaviors at work predicted a 22% increased likelihood of few days-increasing trajectory of sick-leave. In contrast, reallocating 30 min/day from LIPA to other behaviors at work predicted a 57% decreased likelihood for some days-increasing trajectory.

Conclusion
We found that compositions with more sitting relative to the other behaviors had lower odds for the trajectory with increasing sick leave due to pain, while compositions with more LIPA had higher odds. This may have implications for prevention of pain-related sick leave in workers.
P05-10 Changes in mental health and physical activity patterns before and during the covid-19 pandemic in Swedish adolescents - a longitudinal study
Authors: Nyberg Gisela , Kjellenberg Karin , Helgadóttir Björg , Ekblom Örjan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
The covid-19 pandemic has had a large impact on the daily lives of adolescents, even in Sweden where the restrictions were relatively mild. The aim of this study was to examine if there had been a change in mental health outcomes and if these changes were related to changes in physical activity patterns before and during the pandemic.

Methods
In this longitudinal study, data were collected in the autumn 2019 and in follow-up measurements in the spring 2021. Physical activity and sedentary time were measured for seven consecutive days by accelerometry (Actigraph). The mental health outcomes, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychosomatic health were measured with questionnaires (KIDSCREEN-10 and PSP). ANCOVA analyses were applied to estimate the associations between change in physical activity patterns and mental health outcomes.

Results
In total, 585 boys (45%) and girls (55%), aged 13-14 years (baseline) from 34 schools around Stockholm, were included in the study. Between 2019-2021 there was a decrease in HRQoL (p &gt; 0.001) and increase in psychosomatic problems (p &gt; 0.001) among both boys and girls. There was a significant positive relationship between change in MVPA and change in HRQoL (β = 0.02, CI: 0.00, 0.05).

Conclusions
The results suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has impaired the mental health of Swedish adolescents but increased physical activity was related to positive changes in the mental health outcome HRQoL.
Funding: The Public Health Authority and Skandia
P05-14 Effects of a 12-weeks aquatic fitness program in women with osteoarthritis
Authors: Morouço Pedro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
As a major public health concern, there is a high association between aging and obesity, nutritional deficiencies and physical (in)activity. Thus, diseases related to cartilage are on the list of main concerns of the WHO, assuming the prevention of degeneration of articular cartilage as an important issue for which there are few effective solutions. It is imperative to find preventive strategies that can reduce the incidence of chronic osteoarthritis.

Methods
Eleven women (58.1±3.3 years-old) diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) enrolled in tri-weekly aquatic fitness 45' sessions, for 12 weeks. Taking advantage of the physical properties of the water for increasing the load, a gradual use of the extension of the levers was defined. The warm-up focused on body alignment, joint mobility and breathing. The fundamental part was based on exercises that combine the cardiorespiratory component with the strength component, promoting a superior range of motion. At the end of each session there was a progressive decrease in load, alternating body segments. Before and after the 12 weeks they performed the Senior Fitness Test, hand-grip strength and body measures. All participants were volunteer, informed consent was obtained and all procedures were in accordance to Helsinki Declaration. Sessions were instructed by a CSCS®.

Results
Significant and meaningful improvements were observed in lower body strength (p &gt; 0.001; d = 1.10), lower body flexibility (p &gt; 0.001; d = 2.88), aerobic endurance (p &gt; 0.001; d = 0.95), dynamic balance (p &gt; 0.001; d = 1.22) and hand grip strength (p &gt; 0.001; d = 1.56). Significant, but moderate improvements were observed in body mass (p = 0.034; d = 0.56) and waist circumference (p = 0.041; d = 0.66).

Conclusions
Aquatic fitness induced extensive benefits in women conditioning, suggesting that this activity is able to promote an increase in life quality, even if KOA is diagnosed. This program aims to be a tool for implementing healthy behaviour, based on a physical exercise program to people with KOA. With a demographic trend towards an aging population, today society has dragged itself into a vicious cycle to the proven relationship between OA and obesity, and the increasing prevalence of both. To contribute to solving these problems, it is mandatory to have interdisciplinary perspectives that promote a motivating and lasting activity.
P05-18 The impact of a care-physical activity initiative for people with a low socioeconomic status on health, quality of life, and societal participation
Authors: Mulderij Lisanne , Verkooijen Kirsten , Groenewoud Stef , Koelen Maria , Wagemakers Annemarie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Overweight and obesity rates are increasing worldwide, particularly among people with a low socioeconomic status (SES). Care-physical activity (care-PA) initiatives may improve participants' lifestyles and thereby lower overweight and obesity rates. A two-year care-PA initiative specifically developed for citizens with a low SES, X-Fittt 2.0, was offered free of charge to participants, and included 12 weeks of intensive guidance and sports sessions, and 21 months of aftercare. Here, we study the impact of X-Fittt 2.0 on health, quality of life (QoL), and societal participation using a mixed-methods design.

Methods
Questionnaires and body measurements were taken from 208 participants at the start of X-Fittt 2.0 (t0) and after 12 weeks (t1), one year (t2) and two to three years (t3). We also held 17 group discussions (t1, n = 71) and 68 semi-structured interviews (t2 and t3). Continuous variables were analysed using a linear mixed-model analysis (corrected for gender, age at t0, height, education level and employment status at the different time points), while we used descriptive statistics for the categorical variables. Qualitative data were analysed using a thematic analysis.

Results
Body weight was significantly lower at all three post-initiative time points compared with the baseline, with a maximum of 3.8 kg difference at t2. BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure and self-perceived health only significantly improved during the first 12 weeks. A positive trend regarding paid work was observed, while social visits decreased. The latter might be explained by the COVID-19 pandemic, as lockdowns limited social life. Furthermore, participants reported increased PA (including sports) and a few stopped smoking or drinking alcohol. Participants mentioned feeling healthier, fitter and more energetic. Additionally, participants' self-esteem and stress levels improved, stimulating them to become more socially active. However, the participants also mentioned barriers to being physically active, such as a lack of money or time, or physical or mental health problems.

Conclusions
X-Fittt 2.0 improved the health, QoL and societal participation of the participants. Future initiatives should take into account the aforementioned barriers, and consider a longer intervention period for more sustainable results. More complete data are needed to confirm the findings.
P06-03 Associations between walkability and physical activity of Hungarian adults, preliminary study of the EUPASMOS project
Authors: Makai Alexandra , Prémusz Viktória , Dóczi Tamás , Veress Réka , Rocha Paolo , Ács Pongrác 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Walkability is a new definition in sport and health science in Hungary. In our study the walkability was measured by NEWS-Hungarian questionnaire first time in Hungary and our research aim was to compare neighbourhood walkability to physical activity level.

Methods
The study comprised 593 participating adults (248 males and 345 females). The data was collected during February-May 2019 using quota sampling by age and gender representing the Hungarian adult (18+) population. The physical activity was measured by RM 42 hip-worn triaxial accelerometer for 7 consecutive days using vigorous, moderate to vigorous activities and daily steps scores. The walkability was measured by walking and cycling facilities subscale (10 questions) of NEWS-Hungarian questionnaire. The subscale measured the environment's possibilities and quality for walking and cycling. Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation, Spearman's rank correlation was used to analyse data using SPSS 24. program, where level of significance was set at p &gt; 0.05.

Results
The mean age of the participants was 44.41±18.64 and their average number of daily steps was 7308.47±6993.86. 69.05% was lived in cities and 30.05% in rural areas. The respondent's opinion about the walking and cycling around their place of living was measured by a 4 point scale (1 = strongly disagree and 4 = strongly agree), where we found 2.76±2.8 mean scores. The walkability score was showed significant but weak correlation with accelerometer-measured vigorous PA (R = 0.124, p = 0.004). But the accelerometer-based number of steps was not showed correlation with walkability (R = 0.058, p = 0.184).

Conclusions
According to our results the built environment, especially walking and cycling places had significant but weak effect on physical activity patters. The participants were somewhat satisfied with walking and cycling possibilities of their built environment but this was not affected directly the time spent physically active. This study used first time the NEWS-Hungarian walkability scale to have a better understanding of the country specific details and compared them with PA level of the population further analysis needed.
P06-05 Physical activity patterns of Hungarian women of reproductive age, preliminary study of the EUPASMOS project
Authors: Premusz Viktoria , Makai Alexandra , Veress Reka , Doczi Tamas , Rocha Paulo , Acs Pongrac 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Benefits of appropriate physical activity (PA) on reproductive performance of women are well known. In our study PA patterns recorded with the GPAQ-H questionnaire was corrected collected by RM42 traxial accelerometers first time in Hungary. Our aim was to examine PA patterns of women of reproductive age (RA) (15-49 years) and to evaluate their PA literacy.

Methods
Data collection was conducted during February-May 2019 using quota sampling by age and gender representing the Hungarian adult population. The study comprised 345 females, 175 of them in RA (mean age 32.63±10.23 years). PA was measured for 7 consecutive days using sedentary, standing, moderate to vigorous (MVPA) and vigorous activities (VA) and daily steps scores. Data were expressed as mean ± SD, Spearman’s rank correlation was applied to analyse data using SPSS 24. program, where level of significance was set at p &lt; 0.05.

Results
Based on RM42 data females (N = 345) took 6483.75±3201.28 steps and spent 8.7 hours (523.00±114.31 min/day) sedentary per day and spent 6.5 hours (388.37±226.38 min/week) with MVPA and 19.12±33.98 minutes with VPA per week. The RA group (N = 175) seemed more active, 7619.32±2382.21 daily steps were measured and 229.25±304.84 min/week active transportation (walking vs cycling) self-reported. Although, they did not have sufficient knowledge on they activity patterns, significant difference (-250.92±906.95, p &lt; 0.001) was found between self-reports (604.72±884.54 min/week) and objective measures (356.88±205.55 min/week) of MVPA and VPA was also significantly (p &lt; 0.001) overestimated with GPAQ-H (248.78±424.50 min/week) compared to RM42 data (23.00±54.40 min/week). Negative correlation was found between age and RM42 standing (R=-0.209, p = 0.005), steps (R=-0.138, p = 0.069) and LPA (R=-0.217, p = 0.004) as well. However, the relationship was positive with MVPA (R = 0.367, p &lt; 0.001) and VPA (R = 0.358, p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
Development of an integrated methodological process of PA measurement would be the main purpose of the EUPASMOS Project, but relevant information could be also obtained on certain subsamples. However, our results need to be further analysed, conclusion could be drawing, that specific interventions are needed to increase physical literacy for better understanding of appropriate intensity and level of PA, and its benefits on fertility among women of reproductive age. This work was supported by the 20765/3/2018/FEKUTSTRAT grant.
P06-10 To what extent is active mobility practiced by adults in Italy?
Authors: Minardi Valentina , Possenti Valentina , Contoli Benedetta , Lana Susanna , Campostrini Stefano , Carrozzi Giuliano , D'Argenzio Angelo , Fateh-Moghadam Pirous , Ramigni Mauro , Trinito Massimo Oddone , Masocco Maria 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Walking or cycling regularly instead of using motorised vehicles returns benefits not only to our health but also to the environment: in Europe, during 2020 a spotlight has also been put on the importance of accessibility to zero-emission transport, for promoting an inclusive framework that involves everyone. Policies in favour of a diffused active mobility in the general population encourage also to take steps effectively in order to achieve the longer-term goal of a European continent that is carbon-neutral.

Methods
In the Italian Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System PASSI, active mobility identifies both adults (aged 18-69) who cycle or walk to go to work or to school or for their usual commuting and those who, thanks to this habit, reach out recommended levels of physical activity to gain health benefits. Basing on their own active mobility levels, people are classified in: physically active (they reach out at least 150 minutes per week by walking or cycling for usual commuting, in bouts of at least 10 minutes); partially active (they use bicycle and/or walk usually, but not till 150 minutes weekly); non-active (they do not practise any active mobility or they do for little time duration).

Results
PASSI data 2016-2019 show that 44% among adults residing in Italy has practised active mobility by cycling (11%) and/or walking (41%) for usual commuting. They do in average for 4-5 days per week: people who cycle and those who walk sum up an average of, respectively, 144 and 181 minutes weekly. In the North, active mobility is experienced more than in the other parts of the Country. Active mobility definitively contributes to reach out recommended levels of physical activity that ensure health benefits and, in Italy, 21% of the resident adult population results to be physically active just thanks to this healthy lifestyle.

Conclusions
Walking or cycling for urban commuting, at least for 150 minutes per week in bouts of 10 minutes each, can help to meet the recommendations for physical activity by the WHO, without counting movement in spare time or at work.