bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurses leading male lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS) clinics: A scoping review
Authors: Middleton Claire , Dunleavy Stephanie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNurse‐led clinics are known to positively impact and benefit patients; however, there is little understanding of the role of the nurse in a nurse‐led male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) clinic. LUTS affect up to 30% of males over 65 in the United Kingdom and can significantly impact the quality of life of the person experiencing them. LUTS can be managed with conservative changes, as well as with medication and surgical intervention. The aim of this scoping review is to map what is known about the role of the nurse in a nurse‐led male LUTS clinic and what research tells us regarding, the barriers and enablers in nurses leading a male LUTS clinic. This scoping review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐SCR) checklist and the methodological guidelines set out by the Joanna Briggs institute. A literature search was carried out over three databases (CINAHL, Medline Ovid, ProQuest health and medical collection) and systematically searched from 2000 to 2021. Grey literature was also searched, and citation chaining was undertaken. Following a systematic review of the literature, four papers met the inclusion criteria for this scoping review. The emergent themes across the four papers consisted of structure, assessment and resources, and effectiveness of the nurse‐led male LUTS clinic. There was clear agreement across the literature regarding the investigations and assessment the nurse should carry out. Ongoing practical, theoretical, and observational training and education is required to ensure the nurse is competent in running a male LUTS clinic. The papers reviewed showed the nurse provided a supportive role to the consultant. However, there is evidence indicating there is a move towards autonomous practice. There is a dearth of the current research relating to the role of the nurse in nurse‐led male LUTS clinics and the enablers and barriers in nurses leading male LUTS clinics. Further research should be considered to gain a better understanding of where nurse‐led male LUTS clinics currently take place, what the role of the nurse is in leading a LUTS clinic and what enablers and barriers exist.
A time‐dependent survival analysis for early prognosis of chronic wounds by monitoring wound alkalinity
Authors: Hoang Le Quynh , Pal Suvra , Liu Zhaoli , Senkowsky Jon , Tang Liping 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe objective is to determine whether monitoring wound alkalinity between visits may help prognosticate chronic wound healing. The alkalinity of 167 wounds during the first 3 visits was assessed using disposable DETEC® pH. Wounds grouped by frequency of alkaline results were compared by % wound size reduction during each visit and 120‐day healing probability. The Cox proportional hazards model for time‐dependent variables was used to generate non‐healing probability curves, where variables are binary (alkaline/non‐alkaline, infection/no infection), categorical (wound type), and continuous (wound area); the response is time to complete wound healing; and the event of interest is complete wound healing in 120 days. Results show that wounds with frequent alkaline results have significantly smaller % size reduction per visit. Logistic regression shows an increase in 120‐day healing probability with fewer alkaline results. Survival analysis shows that the instantaneous healing rate of non‐alkaline or non‐alkaline transitioning wounds is 1.785, 2.925, and 5.908 times that of alkaline or alkaline‐transitioning wounds for 1, 2, and 3 alkalinity measurements, respectively. Furthermore, the concordance statistic of each survival model shows that goodness of fit increases with more alkalinity measurements. Overall, frequent wound alkalinity assessments may serve as a novel way to prognosticate wound healing outcomes.
Genetic survey in smallholder dairy production system of Southern province of Zambia
Authors: Odubote Idowu Kolawole , Musimuko Ellison , Rensing Stefan , Schmitt Ferdinand , Kapotwe Brian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMilk production among the smallholder dairy farmers in Zambia is reported to be low despite improvements in milk collection infrastructure and unmet demand by the populace. This study was conducted to characterize cattle breeds and the breeding strategies of the smallholder dairy production system in the Southern province of Zambia. The study was conducted using questionnaires to obtain responses from identified respondents in six districts considered the main dairy cattle producing areas. One hundred and twenty questionnaires were administered and available for descriptive statistical analysis. The cattle genetic groups included local (Tonga and Angoni) breeds and their crosses (40.0%); beef (Boran and Brahman) breeds and their crosses (23.3%); Friesian breed and its crosses (28.8%); Jersey breed and its crosses (4.9%); and Fleckvieh breed (3.0%). Calving rate was found to be to be between 36% and 50% for the dairy herds. Compared to the other genetic groups, it was noted that Friesian and its crosses had higher milk production (3.55 L vs. 1.4 L). The low milk yield reported could be attributed to the period of study, which coincided with the long dry season between April and October. The Friesian and its crosses recorded earlier age at first calving (2.65 vs. 2.8 years), shorter longevity (10.5 vs. 12.25 years), and shorter lactation length (7.5 vs. 9.25 months). Jersey and its crosses, on the other hand, had an above average performance for all indices of economic importance such as milk production, lactation length, age at first calving, longevity, and number of calves produced. The results indicated natural mating was practised by 85% of the farmers. Farmer‐preferred traits include size and conformation (23%); performance and colour (16% and 15%, respectively) in the choice of a bull. Selection by farmers were thus based on simple observation without pedigree or performance‐based genetic evaluation. It was apparent that the smallholder dairy production system is in a shifting trend to transform the mainly local and beef breed animals into dairy herds through crossing with exotic dairy breeds. The production system is, however, faced with the challenges of water and feed supply to meet nutritional requirements, and high disease burden. Jersey breed was found to be a logical choice for the resource poor smallholder dairy farmers. The development and management of the smallholder dairy breeding schemes should be all‐inclusive and directed at the prevalent production systems with the aim of also improving the feeding and management practices.
The relationship between perceived income inequality, adverse mental health and interpersonal difficulties in UK adolescents
Authors: Piera Pi‐Sunyer Blanca , Andrews Jack L. , Orben Amy , Speyer Lydia G. , Blakemore Sarah‐Jayne 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundAdolescence is a period of life when young people increasingly define themselves through peer comparison and are vulnerable to developing mental health problems. In the current study, we investigated whether the subjective experience of economic disadvantage among friends is associated with social difficulties and poorer mental health in early adolescence.MethodsWe used latent change score modelling (LCSM) on data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study, collected at ages 11 and 14 (N = 12,995). Each LCSM modelled the mean of an outcome related to mental health and interpersonal difficulties at age 11 (including self‐esteem, well‐being, emotional difficulties, peer problems, bullying, victimisation and externalising difficulties), the change of the outcome from ages 11 to 14 and its predictors, including perceived income inequality among friends (i.e. perceiving oneself as belonging to a poorer family than the families of one's friends).ResultsPerceived income inequality predicted adverse mental health and a range of interpersonal difficulties during adolescence, even when controlling for objective family income. Follow‐up analyses highlighted that, at 11 years, young people who perceived themselves as belonging to poorer families than their friends reported worse well‐being, self‐esteem, internalising problems, externalising problems and victimisation at the same age (relative to those who perceived themselves as richer than or equal to their friends, or who did not know). Longitudinal analyses suggested that victimisation decreased from ages 11 to 14 to a greater extent for adolescents who perceived themselves as poorer than other adolescents.ConclusionsThe salience of economic inequalities in proximal social environments (e.g. among friends) in early adolescence could further amplify the negative effects of economic disadvantage on mental health and behavioural difficulties during this period.
Ultrasound assisted processing of milk: Advances and challenges
Authors: Soltani Firouz Mahmoud , Sardari Hamed , Soofiabadi Mahsa , Hosseinpour Soleiman 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHigh‐intensity ultrasound (HIUS) is a green technology that has improved various processes in the food industry. HIUS leads to improved heat and mass transfer rates, providing a faster processing technique and limiting production costs by increasing process efficiency. In food processing, ultrasound is regarded as a promising emerging technology with the potential to speed up processes and produce high quality products. This article describes recent applications of power ultrasound for physical milk processing, mentions the advantage and disadvantages of this technology, evaluates the physical and chemical effects of HIUS on the modification of milk, and novel research areas leading to the promotion and solving the challenges ahead. It is concluded that HIUS is a useful tool for milk processing, because of its positive effects on the quality and retaining their initial nutritional properties and sensory characteristics. It can also be considered that the forthcoming research will lead to the improvement and industrialization of this technology.Practical ApplicationsAs a very important food item in the human diet, milk has very sensitive components that usually undergo undesirable changes during processing. Power ultrasound is an emerging green technology that has a great potential for application in dairy processing that can significantly reduce such unfavorable changes. It has been proven that ultrasound has an appropriate capability to accelerate processes, reduce energy consumption and increase productivity. This technology has been successfully used in pasteurization, homogenization, filtration, and drying of milk in laboratory scale. Ultrasound has a very high potential for industrialization in the dairy industry and draws a promising perspective for its conventional applications in the production of dairy products in the not‐too‐distant future.
Crustaceans (shrimp, crab, and lobster): A comprehensive review of their potential health hazards and detection methods to assure their biosafety
Authors: Farag Mohamed A. , Mansour Somaia T. , Nouh Roua A. , Khattab Amira R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCrustaceans are popular seafood items worldwide owing to their rich nutritional value, unique tastes, and their incorporation in a variety of cuisines. There has been a great concern about the safety of crustaceans for human consumption being more prone to hazardous contaminants due to their exposure to diverse habitats and unhealthy farming and handling practices. These hazards can arise from chemical contaminants such as heavy metals, environmental pollutants, and biotoxins or biological sources, that is, pathogenic microbes and parasites. The different types of chemical contamination of crustaceans as well as biological hazards are reviewed as major part of this review. Although there are many reviews on contaminants in fisheries, nothing is traces to crustaceans. The current review compiles the food safety hazards of crustaceans arising from both chemical and biological origins and their impact on human health in farmed versus wild origins. The different methods of contaminants detection, viz. microbiological, molecular, and analytical methods, as well as control measures viz. cooking and processing methods that can be implemented to safeguard consumer safety are also reviewed. Future perspectives have been raised toward HACCP protocol implementation during handling, processing, and storage of crustaceans and posing real‐time freshness monitoring tools such as intelligent packaging.
Salicylic acid biosynthesis is not from phenylalanine in Arabidopsis
Authors: Wu Jie , Zhu Wentao , Zhao Qiao 
Published: November 2022

SUMMARYThe phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) regulates biotic and abiotic stress responses in plants. Two distinct biosynthetic pathways for SA have been well documented in plants: the isochorismate (IC) pathway in the chloroplast and the phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase (PAL) pathway in the cytosol. However, there has been no solid evidence that the PAL pathway contributes to SA biosynthesis. Here, we report that feeding Arabidopsis thaliana with Ring‐13C‐labeled phenylalanine (13C6‐Phe) resulted in incorporation of the 13C label not into SA, but into its isomer 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid (4‐HBA) instead. We obtained similar results when feeding 13C6‐Phe to the SA‐deficient ics1 ics2 mutant and the SA‐hyperaccumulating mutant s3h s5h. Notably, we detected 13C6‐SA when 13C6‐benzoic acid (BA) was provided, suggesting that SA can be synthesized from BA. Furthermore, despite the substantial accumulation of SA upon pathogen infection, we did not observe incorporation of 13C label from Phe into SA. We also did not detect 13C6‐SA in PAL‐overexpressing lines in the kfb01 kfb02 kfb39 kfb50 background after being fed 13C6‐Phe, although endogenous PAL levels were dramatically increased. Based on these combined results, we propose that SA biosynthesis is not from Phe in Arabidopsis. These results have important implications for our understanding of the SA biosynthetic pathway in land plants.
Multi‐foci parallelised RESOLFT nanoscopy in an extended field‐of‐view
Authors: Casas Moreno Xavier , Pennacchietti Francesca , Minet Guillaume , Damenti Martina , Ollech Dirk , Barabas Federico , Testa Ilaria 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLive‐cell imaging of biological structures at high resolution poses challenges in the microscope throughput regarding area and speed. For this reason, different parallelisation strategies have been implemented in coordinate‐ and stochastic‐targeted switching super‐resolution microscopy techniques. In this line, the molecular nanoscale live imaging with sectioning ability (MoNaLISA), based on reversible saturable optical fluorescence transitions (RESOLFT), offers resolution of large fields of view in a few seconds. In MoNaLISA, engineered light patterns strategically confine the fluorescence to sub‐diffracted volumes in a large area and provide optical sectioning, thus enabling volumetric imaging at high speeds. The optical setup presented in this paper extends the degree of parallelisation of the MoNaLISA microscope by more than four times, reaching a field‐of‐view of . We set up the periodicity and the optical scheme of the illumination patterns to be power‐efficient and homogeneous. In a single recording, this new configuration enables super‐resolution imaging of an extended population of the post‐synaptic density protein Homer1c in living hippocampal neurons.
Less Mainstream Credit, More Payday Borrowing? Evidence from Debt Collection Restrictions
Authors: FONSECA JULIA 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTGovernments regulate debt collectors to protect consumers from predatory practices. These restrictions may lower repayment, reducing the supply of mainstream credit and increasing demand for alternative credit. Using individual credit record data and a difference‐in‐differences design comparing consumers in states that tighten restrictions on debt collection to those in neighboring states that do not, I find that restricting collections reduces access to mainstream credit and increases payday borrowing. These findings provide new evidence of substitution between alternative and mainstream credit and point to a trade‐off between shielding consumers from certain collection practices and pushing them into higher cost payday lending markets.
The relation between stress and impulsivity during the first year of college
Authors: Seldin Katherine , Lengua Liliana J. , King Kevin M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivePrevious research has established that short‐term and persistent stress negatively impact mental health, with one proposed consequence being increased impulsivity. The present study tests the short‐term and persistent associations between stress and three facets of global self‐reports of impulsivity: negative urgency, lack of premeditation, and lack of perseverance, among young adults across 6 months of their first year of college.MethodCollege freshmen (n = 362) completed self‐report questionnaires assessing stress, negative urgency, lack of premeditation, and lack of perseverance three times over a 6‐month period. Pre‐registered analyses were conducted using multilevel growth curve models.ResultsConfirmatory analyses suggested that persistent stress was associated with higher levels of negative urgency and trajectories of worsening lack of perseverance over time, while short‐term stress was associated with higher negative urgency. Lack of premeditation was not robustly associated with stress.ConclusionsWhile both persistent and short‐term exposure to stress may be associated with some facets of global self‐reports of impulsivity, the relations vary across facets of impulsivity. Overall, negative urgency was the most robustly associated with stress on both time scales, which suggests that this facet of impulsivity may be the most impacted in the context of stress in the first year of college.
Systematic Review of the Effects of Sleep on Memory and Word Learning in Infancy
Authors: Belia Margherita , Keren‐Portnoy Tamar , Vihman Marilyn 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis systematic review surveyed research on the associations between sleep and the memory processes involved in word learning in infancy. We found only 16 studies that addressed this topic directly, identifying associations between infant sleep and the memory processes, the identification of word forms in running speech, and the stabilization and generalization of new word form–meaning associations. Some studies investigated changes in brain responses after word learning and in sleep parameters during postlearning sleep. Others investigated the long‐term effects of sleeping patterns on later vocabulary development. All but one of these studies identified positive associations between sleep and word learning in early childhood, extending similar findings from studies on adults and school‐aged children. However, there remain several gaps in the current research on early lexical development and sleep. Future investigations should address these gaps for researchers to better understand lexical development and to create links between memory and language acquisition research.
Association of sex‐specific donor skeletal muscle index with surgical outcomes in living donor liver transplantation recipients
Authors: Sim Ji‐Hoon , Kim Kyung‐Won , Ko YouSun , Kwon Hye‐Mee , Moon Young‐Jin , Jun In‐Gu , Kim Sung‐Hoon , Kim Seonok , Song Jun‐Gol , Hwang Gyu‐Sam 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundA recent study reported a correlation between the muscle mass of male donors and graft failure in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) recipients. We investigated the association of sex‐specific donor skeletal muscle index (SMI) with mortality and graft failure in LDLT recipients.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed 2750 sets of donors and recipients between January 2008 and January 2018. The recipient outcomes were analysed by dividing the data according to donor sex. Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between donor SMI by sex and 1‐year mortality and graft failure in recipients.ResultsIn the male donor group, robust donor (increased SMI) was significantly associated with higher risks for mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00–1.06, p = .023) and graft failure (HR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01–1.06, p = .007) at 1 year. In the female donor group, the robust donor was significantly associated with lower risks for mortality (HR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87–0.97, p = .003) and graft failure (HR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.90–1.00, p = .032) at 1 year.ConclusionsDonor SMI was associated with surgical outcomes in recipients. Robust male and female donors were a significant negative and protective factor for grafts respectively.
Alpha‐momorcharin preserves catalase activity to inhibit viral infection by disrupting the 2b–CAT interaction in Solanum lycopersicum
Authors: Yang Ting , Peng Qiding , Lin Honghui , Xi Dehui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMany host factors of plants are used by viruses to facilitate viral infection. However, little is known about how alpha‐momorcharin (αMMC) counters virus‐mediated attack strategies in tomato. Our present research revealed that the 2b protein of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) directly interacted with catalases (CATs) and inhibited their activities. Further analysis revealed that transcription levels of catalase were induced by CMV infection and that virus accumulation increased in CAT‐silenced or 2b‐overexpressing tomato plants compared with that in control plants, suggesting that the interaction between 2b and catalase facilitated the accumulation of CMV in hosts. However, both CMV accumulation and viral symptoms were reduced in αMMC transgenic tomato plants, indicating that αMMC engaged in an antiviral role in the plant response to CMV infection. Molecular experimental analysis demonstrated that αMMC interfered with the interactions between catalases and 2b in a competitive manner, with the expression of αMMC inhibited by CMV infection. We further demonstrated that the inhibition of catalase activity by 2b was weakened by αMMC. Accordingly, αMMC transgenic plants exhibited a greater ability to maintain redox homeostasis than wild‐type plants when infected with CMV. Altogether, these results reveal that αMMC retains catalase activity to inhibit CMV infection by subverting the interaction between 2b and catalase in tomato.