bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An analysis of approximation algorithms for iterated stochastic integrals and a Julia and Matlab simulation toolbox
Authors: Kastner Felix , Rößler Andreas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFor the approximation and simulation of twofold iterated stochastic integrals and the corresponding Lévy areas w.r.t. a multi-dimensional Wiener process, we review four algorithms based on a Fourier series approach. Especially, the very efficient algorithm due to Wiktorsson and a newly proposed algorithm due to Mrongowius and Rößler are considered. To put recent advances into context, we analyse the four Fourier-based algorithms in a unified framework to highlight differences and similarities in their derivation. A comparison of theoretical properties is complemented by a numerical simulation that reveals the order of convergence for each algorithm. Further, concrete instructions for the choice of the optimal algorithm and parameters for the simulation of solutions for stochastic (partial) differential equations are given. Additionally, we provide advice for an efficient implementation of the considered algorithms and incorporated these insights into an open source toolbox that is freely available for both Julia andMatlabprogramming languages. The performance of this toolbox is analysed by comparing it to some existing implementations, where we observe a significant speed-up.
Development research on an AI English learning support system to facilitate learner-generated-context-based learning
Authors: Lee Donghwa , Kim Hong-hyeon , Sung Seok-Hyun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFor decades, AI applications in education (AIEd) have shown how AI can contribute to education. However, a challenge remains: how AIEd, guided by educational knowledge, can be made to meet specific needs in education, specifically in supporting learners’ autonomous learning. To address this challenge, we demonstrate the process of developing an AI-applied system that can assist learners in studying autonomously. Guided by a Learner-Generated Context (LGC) framework and development research methodology (Richey and Klein in J Comput High Educ 16(2):23–38,https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02961473, 2005), we define a form of learning called “LGC-based learning,” setting specific study objectives in the design, development, and testing of an AI-based system that can facilitate Korean students’ LGC-based English language learning experience. The new system is developed based on three design principles derived from the literature review. We then recruit three Korean secondary-school students with different educational backgrounds and illustrate and analyze their English learning experiences using the system. Following this analysis, we discuss how the AI-based system facilitates LGC-based learning and further issues to be considered for future research.
Identifying emerging topics in the peer-reviewed literature to facilitate curriculum renewal and development
Authors: Amos Andrew James , Lee Kyungmi , Sen Gupta Tarun , Malau-Aduli Bunmi S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article reports a bibliometric analysis of emerging topics in the psychiatric literature indexed in the MEDLINE database as a technique for renewal of clinical training curricula. Summary data of English-language articles indexed in the MEDLINE database between 1971-2018 were downloaded. Emerging topics in nine demi-decades between 1972-1976 and 2012-2016 were identified by the incremental incidence of individual Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) compared with previous years. Co-word analysis was used to investigate and visualise the relationships between emerging topics in each demi-decade. Summaries of 18 million articles annotated with psychiatric/psychological MeSH were retrieved and used to identify emerging topics. Peaks in the number of articles annotated by the top 20 emerging topics in 9 demi-decades coincided with release of the third and fourth editions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual which codifies psychiatric diagnoses. Themes emerging from network visualisations of the most common emerging MeSH in each demi-decade were consistent with movements in psychiatric/psychological theory and practice since the 1970s, including the recent focus on psychological and social factors implicated in suicide and suicide prevention. The identification of emerging topics within the published medical literature is a viable technique for use in curriculum renewal projects as a counterweight to biases driven by expert judgement. While indices like MEDLINE make the published literature an appealing initial step in building an empirical basis for curriculum development, it also demonstrates the potential value of less public and less structured data, such as health service electronic medical records.
A continuum framework for phase field with bulk-surface dynamics
Authors: Espath Luis 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis continuum mechanical theory aims at detailing the underlying rational mechanics of dynamic boundary conditions proposed by Fischer et al. (Phys Rev Lett 79:893, 1997), Goldstein et al. (Phys D Nonlinear Phenom 240:754–766, 2011), and Knopf et al. (ESAIM Math Model Numer Anal 55:229–282, 2021). As a byproduct, we generalize these theories. These types of dynamic boundary conditions are described by the coupling between the bulk and surface partial differential equations for phase fields. Our point of departure within this continuum framework is the principle of virtual powers postulated on an arbitrary part $$\mathcal {P}$$
P
where the boundary $$\partial \mathcal {P}$$

∂
P

may lose smoothness. That is, the normal field may be discontinuous along an edge $$\partial ^2\mathcal {P}$$

∂
2

P

. However, the edges characterizing the discontinuity of the normal field are considered smooth. Our results may be summarized as follows. We provide a generalized version of the principle of virtual powers for the bulk-surface coupling along with a generalized version of the partwise free-energy imbalance. Next, we derive the explicit form of the surface and edge microtractions along with the field equations for the bulk and surface phase fields. The final set of field equations somewhat resembles the Cahn–Hilliard equation for both the bulk and surface. Moreover, we provide a suitable set of constitutive relations and thermodynamically consistent boundary conditions. In Knopf et al. (2021), a mixed (Robin) type of boundary condition for the chemical potentials is proposed for the model in Fischer et al. (1997), Goldstein et al. (2011). In addition to this boundary condition, we also include this type of mixed boundary condition for the microstructure, that is the phase fields. Lastly, we derive the Lyapunov-decay relations for these mixed type of boundary conditions for both the microstructure and chemical potential.
Prediction of high-speed debris motion in the framework of time-fractional model: theory and validation
Authors: Malendowski Michał , Sumelka Wojciech , Gajewski Tomasz , Studziński Robert , Peksa Piotr , Sielicki Piotr W. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this work, a newly proposed fractional derivative framework is used for the prediction of high-speed debris motion. The paper focuses on the mathematical formulation of the equation of motion, in which the damping term is generalised using the fractional derivative. The capacity of the proposed approach to predict the motion of debris is justified by the experimental results. Furthermore, the mathematical formulation has been verified by extensive parametric studies on spherical projectiles. The general conclusion is that the elaborated formulation is more reliable compared to the classical approach or, in other words, the fractional viscous damping term (proportional to the fractional velocity of debris) provides a better description of the complexity of the real drag force.
Sources of teacher efficacy in teaching reading: success, sharing, and support
Authors: Ryan Mary , Hendry Graham D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTeacher self- and collective efficacy are important motivational factors in determining teachers’ effort in their professional practice. Teachers’ higher levels of self- and collective efficacy are positively associated with student achievement in specific domains, and teachers’ enhanced wellbeing and commitment to their profession. This qualitative study explores primary teachers’ own views about naturalistic and characteristic experiences and influences that have strengthened and weakened their efficacy in teaching reading. Five themes of naturalistic sources of enhancement in self- and collective efficacy are identified that are consistent with predictions of Bandura’s social cognitive theory and studies involving interventions in schools by expert trainers. The themes are combined into a model of growth in teachers’ efficacy and can potentially inform decision-making in schools in supporting and enhancing teachers’ self- and collective efficacy when teaching reading.
EFL learners' learning styles and their reading performance
Authors: Banaruee Hassan , Farsani Danyal , Khatin-Zadeh Omid 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLanguage learners struggle with achieving their highest reading competence, particularly when they sit standardized tests with authentic advanced passages. The related literature shows a significant gap in suggesting specific techniques or strategies for individuals to develop a reading competence. To fill this gap, this study investigated the potential relationship between EFL learners' reading performance and their learning styles. One hundred thirty-seven participants were administered the TOEFL PBT for their recruitment test, at which the reading scores were evaluated and analyzed. Ehrman and Leaver’s Questionnaire (2003) was used to classify participants’ learning styles in an ectenic-synoptic continuum. We used the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient to find any potential correlation between learners' performance and their scores as an ectenic or a synoptic learner. The results revealed a positive correlation between synoptic learners and success in the reading tasks. Consequently, a regression model provided the classification of successful learners at reading tests. Knowing that teachers have a variety of learners in their classes and their preferred learning styles can help course instructors to design activities that will exercise a range of cognitive processes and perspectives.
A human-centered, health data-driven ecosystem
Authors: Stevens G. , Hantson L. , Larmuseau M. , Verdonck P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNew forms of digital care are introducing new methods of communication, care delivery, data sharing, and access to health information. The internet of things, in which sensors continuously transmit data on all types of processes, hold great promise for the care industry. Medical sensors could for instance allow clinicians to remotely monitor their patients and to take immediate actions when required. Furthermore, healthy people can be monitored as well, so that potential health issues can be either prevented or detected much earlier on. While there is clear agreement on the potential of the so-called internet of medical things, the scattering of data among the different stakeholders in care remains a critical challenge to overcome in order for this new technology to prove its added value. A human-centered, health-data-driven ecosystem in order to tackle these problems is given. The model consists out of four data quadrants: administrative and financial, logistics and facility, medical, and paramedical generating data based on four different questions: ‘who am I?’, ‘where am I?’, ‘Am I healthy?’, and ‘how do I recover?’. It frames how data from all these different sources needs to be integrated by technology surrounding the central client in different environments. The connection and integration of this generated data can come from different sources like devices, platforms, humans, etc. Three possible flows have been described on how this integration and connection can be achieved based on edge and fog computing, cloud computing and centralized computing.
The Memphis Pandemic Health Informatics System (MEMPHI-SYS)—Creating a Metropolitan COVID-19 Data Registry Linked Directly to Community Testing to Enhance Population Health Surveillance
Authors: Schwartz David L. , Stewart Altha , Harris Laura , Ozdenerol Esra , Thomas Fridtjof , Johnson Karen C. , Davis Robert , Shaban-Nejad Arash 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has placed unprecedented strain on underfunded public health resources in the Southeastern United States. The Memphis, TN, metropolitan region has lacked infrastructure for health data exchange.This manuscript describes a multidisciplinary initiative to create a community-focused COVID-19 data registry, theMemphis Pandemic Health Informatics System (MEMPHI-SYS). MEMPHI-SYS leverages test result data updated directly from community-based testing sites, as well as a full complement of public health data sets and knowledge-based informatics. It has been guided by relationships with community stakeholders and is managed alongside the largest publicly funded community-based COVID-19 testing response in the Mid-South. MEMPHI-SYS has supported interactive Web-based analytic resources and informs federally funded COVID-19 outreach directed toward neighborhoods most in need of pandemic support.MEMPHI-SYS provides an instructive case study of how to collaboratively establish the technical scaffolding and human relationships necessary for data-driven, health equity-focused pandemic surveillance, and policy interventions.
Reviewing the concept of design frames towards a cognitive model
Authors: Kelly Nick , Gero John S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper critically reviews literature about design framing to clarify an understanding of what is meant by the construct of a design frame. It describes the origins of the term design frame and characterises three distinct definitions that can be found within the literature. It reviews empirical studies of design framing to highlight definitional confusion between studies. It discusses the significance of Dorst’s propositional model of design frames and juxtaposes design frames with other related constructs. It clarifies ways that the resolution of nomenclature for describing design framing might lead to a more coherent body of empirical research into this topic. It suggests that there is value in developing a better cognitive model of design framing and outlines potential steps towards such a model.
Post-Socialist Political Necromancy: Weaponization of Dead Bodies in Czech Culture Wars
Authors: Naxera Vladimír , Krčál Petr 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article contributes to discussions on culture wars, memory politics, and the politics of dead bodies. It uses the example of the annual celebration of the liberation of the city of Pilsen by the American army in 1945 to demonstrate the use of the concept of “political necromancy.” The Pilsen celebrations are one of the events during which participating politicians use fallen (or suffering) soldiers as an argument to support current political goals. Metaphorically, the politician as a necromancer brings the fallen back to life and sends them as an army of the dead to fight in culture wars and memory wars. The article focuses on introducing the different strategies used in this process (depersonalizing the fallen or creating a ghost hero) and shows how dead bodies and the appropriate use of memory politics are used to bolster foreign policy ties to the US and to lash out against Russia and communism.
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria: clinical and laboratory characterisation (2009 and 2019)
Authors: Lopes Mariana , Batista Micaela , Garcia Teresa , Alves Helena , Boaventura Luísa , Pontes Celeste , Rodrigues Fernando 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A cross-sectional and retrospective study of patients with Mycobacterium spp. in a Portuguese tertiary hospital, in 2009 and 2019, was performed to understand better the rise in isolations of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). The number of patients with positive samples for Mycobacterium spp. grew from 56 in 2009 to 83 in 2019. The proportion of NTM rose from 39.3% to 49.4% (P = 0.240), with Mycobacterium avium complex being more frequent in 2009 and Mycobacterium gordonae in 2019, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex decreased from 60.7% to 50.6%. Higher age was associated with NTM in both years, and pulmonary disease and immunosuppression were associated with NTM in 2019 (P < 0.05), with weak to moderate correlation (V = 0.231–0.343). The overall rise of NTM, allied to their known capacity to resist antimicrobial therapy, alerts clinicians to the importance of recognising potential risk factors for infection and improving future prevention strategies.
ULF Waves/Fluctuations in the Distant Foreshock: Statistical Approach
Authors: Salohub A. , Šafránková J. , Němeček Z. , Němec F. , Pi G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA broad statistical study addresses for the first time an evolution of ultra‐low frequency waves and/or fluctuations in the terrestrial foreshock around the Moon generated through the interaction between the back‐streaming particles reflected from the bow shock and the incoming solar wind. It is supposed that the waves propagate sunward but they are convected by the solar wind flow back toward the bow shock and their amplitudes grow. However, our study shows that waves/fluctuations could be growing as well as decaying toward the bow shock under the quasi‐radial interplanetary magnetic field. We demonstrate that the growth rate is positive and larger for compressive variations of the magnetic field strength and density than for components of the magnetic field. We show that even if a possible influence of the Moon and its wake is excluded, the growth rate is decreased by nonlinear effects.
Modeling the Genesis of Sand‐Starved Dunes in Steady Currents
Authors: Porcile Gaetano , Damveld Johan H. , Roos Pieter C. , Blondeaux Paolo , Colombini Marco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe formation of fluvial dunes is usually studied by investigating the time development of a small amplitude bottom perturbation of a uniform stream and considering that the dunes originate by the growth of the bottom mode characterized by the largest amplification rate under the assumption of an infinite availability of the mobile sediment (linear stability analysis). Here we undertake the stability analysis investigating the formation of sand dunes in steady currents by accounting for the nonlinear effects of sediment starvation on the formative mechanisms of the bedforms and comparing the theoretical results with laboratory experiments, and an application of a fully nonlinear commercial model of finite amplitude dunes, thus enabling an improved understanding of the genesis of starved fluvial dunes. As the growth of the dunes progressively exposes the motionless substratum, both the stability‐based and the numerical models predict starved dunes characterized by increasing crest‐to‐crest distances. The increase of the crest‐to‐crest distance corresponds to a decrease of the length of individual dunes as well as a growing irregularity in their spacing and morphology. These findings conform with the outcome of physical experiments performed earlier in a laboratory flume and existing measurements of starved fluvial dunes in the field.
Interspecies competition in oral biofilms mediated by Streptococcus gordonii extracellular deoxyribonuclease SsnA
Authors: Rostami Nadia , Shields Robert C. , Serrage Hannah J. , Lawler Catherine , Brittan Jane L. , Yassin Sufian , Ahmed Halah , Treumann Achim , Thompson Paul , Waldron Kevin J. , Nobbs Angela H. , Jakubovics Nicholas S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractExtracellular DNA (eDNA) is a key component of many microbial biofilms including dental plaque. However, the roles of extracellular deoxyribonuclease (DNase) enzymes within biofilms are poorly understood. Streptococcus gordonii is a pioneer colonizer of dental plaque. Here, we identified and characterised SsnA, a cell wall-associated protein responsible for extracellular DNase activity of S. gordonii. The SsnA-mediated extracellular DNase activity of S. gordonii was suppressed following growth in sugars. SsnA was purified as a recombinant protein and shown to be inactive below pH 6.5. SsnA inhibited biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans in a pH-dependent manner. Further, SsnA inhibited the growth of oral microcosm biofilms in human saliva. However, inhibition was ameliorated by the addition of sucrose. Together, these data indicate that S. gordonii SsnA plays a key role in interspecies competition within oral biofilms. Acidification of the medium through sugar catabolism could be a strategy for cariogenic species such as S. mutans to prevent SsnA-mediated exclusion from biofilms.
Graphene oxide elicits microbiome-dependent type 2 immune responses via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor
Authors: Peng Guotao , Sinkko Hanna M. , Alenius Harri , Lozano Neus , Kostarelos Kostas , Bräutigam Lars , Fadeel Bengt 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe gut microbiome produces metabolites that interact with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a key regulator of immune homoeostasis in the gut1,2. Here we show that oral exposure to graphene oxide (GO) modulates the composition of the gut microbiome in adult zebrafish, with significant differences in wild-type versus ahr2-deficient animals. Furthermore, GO was found to elicit AhR-dependent induction of cyp1a and homing of lck+ cells to the gut in germ-free zebrafish larvae when combined with the short-chain fatty acid butyrate. To obtain further insights into the immune responses to GO, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to profile cells from whole germ-free embryos as well as cells enriched for lck. These studies provided evidence for the existence of innate lymphoid cell (ILC)-like cells3 in germ-free zebrafish. Moreover, GO endowed with a ‘corona’ of microbial butyrate triggered the induction of ILC2-like cells with attributes of regulatory cells. Taken together, this study shows that a nanomaterial can influence the crosstalk between the microbiome and immune system in an AhR-dependent manner.
Programming multicellular assembly with synthetic cell adhesion molecules
Authors: Stevens Adam J. , Harris Andrew R. , Gerdts Josiah , Kim Ki H. , Trentesaux Coralie , Ramirez Jonathan T. , McKeithan Wesley L. , Fattahi Faranak , Klein Ophir D. , Fletcher Daniel A. , Lim Wendell A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCell adhesion molecules are ubiquitous in multicellular organisms, specifying precise cell–cell interactions in processes as diverse as tissue development, immune cell trafficking and the wiring of the nervous system1–4. Here we show that a wide array of synthetic cell adhesion molecules can be generated by combining orthogonal extracellular interactions with intracellular domains from native adhesion molecules, such as cadherins and integrins. The resulting molecules yield customized cell–cell interactions with adhesion properties that are similar to native interactions. The identity of the intracellular domain of the synthetic cell adhesion molecules specifies interface morphology and mechanics, whereas diverse homotypic or heterotypic extracellular interaction domains independently specify the connectivity between cells. This toolkit of orthogonal adhesion molecules enables the rationally programmed assembly of multicellular architectures, as well as systematic remodelling of native tissues. The modularity of synthetic cell adhesion molecules provides fundamental insights into how distinct classes of cell–cell interfaces may have evolved. Overall, these tools offer powerful abilities for cell and tissue engineering and for systematically studying multicellular organization.