bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of beam shaping and error quantification of calibration approach using E-FISHG based electric field measurements
Authors: Nakamura Shin , Sato Masahiro , Fujii Takashi , Kumada Akiko 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Electric-field measurement based on the electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation (E-FISHG) method is a promising tool for a noncontact field measurement in plasmas and gases. For the E-FISHG method, a probing laser beam is focused at the measurement target by a lens, and the signals integrated along the laser path are acquired. Although the signal is frequently calibrated under uniform electric fields, the yielded value is erroneous if one does not consider the difference in the electric-field-profiles between the calibration and measurement. In this paper, we review the calibration and measurement targets of relevant studies, assess the error in the conventional method for the streamer discharge measurement, and give guidelines on which calibration approach to use depending on the electric field profile to be measured. Our approach uses cylindrical-to-cylindrical electrodes and multipoint measurement corresponding to the target length along the optical path, gas, and pressure.
Broadband Spectral Properties of MAXI J1348–630 using AstroSat Observations
Authors: Mall Gitika , Vadakkumthani Jithesh , Misra Ranjeev 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We present broadband X-ray spectral analysis of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1348–630, performed using five AstroSat observations. The source was in the soft spectral state for the first three observations and in the hard state for the last two. The three soft state spectra were modeled using a relativistic thin accretion disk with reflection features and thermal Comptonization. Joint fitting of the soft state spectra constrained the spin parameter of the black hole a
* > 0.97 and the disk inclination angle i =

32.9

−
0.6

+
4.1

degrees. The bright and faint hard states had bolometric flux a factor of ∼6 and ∼10 less than that of the soft state respectively. Their spectra were fitted using the same model except that the inner disk radius was not assumed to be at the last stable orbit. However, the estimated values do not indicate large truncation radii and the inferred accretion rate in the disk was an order of magnitude lower than that of the soft state. Along with earlier reported temporal analysis, AstroSat data provide a comprehensive picture of the evolution of the source.
Error-related potential-based shared autonomy via deep recurrent reinforcement learning
Authors: Wang Xiaofei , Chen Hsiang-Ting , Lin Chin-Teng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. Error-related potential (ErrP)-based brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) have received a considerable amount of attention in the human–robot interaction community. In contrast to traditional BCI, which requires continuous and explicit commands from an operator, ErrP-based BCI leverages the ErrP, which is evoked when an operator observes unexpected behaviours from the robot counterpart. This paper proposes a novel shared autonomy model for ErrP-based human–robot interaction. Approach. We incorporate ErrP information provided by a BCI as useful observations for an agent and formulate the shared autonomy problem as a partially observable Markov decision process. A recurrent neural network-based actor-critic model is used to address the uncertainty in the ErrP signal. We evaluate the proposed framework in a simulated human-in-the-loop robot navigation task with both simulated users and real users. Main results. The results show that the proposed ErrP-based shared autonomy model enables an autonomous robot to complete navigation tasks more efficiently. In a simulation with 70% ErrP accuracy, agents completed the task 14.1% faster than in the no ErrP condition, while with real users, agents completed the navigation task 14.9% faster. Significance. The evaluation results confirmed that the shared autonomy via deep recurrent reinforcement learning is an effective way to deal with uncertain human feedback in a complex human–robot interaction task.
Theory of triangulene two-dimensional crystals
Authors: Ortiz R , Catarina G , Fernández-Rossier J 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Equilateral triangle-shaped graphene nanoislands with a lateral dimension of n benzene rings are known as

[n]

triangulenes. Individual

[n]

triangulenes are open-shell molecules, with single-particle electronic spectra that host n − 1 half-filled zero modes and a many-body ground state with spin

S
=
(
n
−
1
)

/

2

. The on-surface synthesis of triangulenes has been demonstrated for

n
=
3
,
4
,
5
,
7

and the observation of a Haldane symmetry-protected topological phase has been reported in chains of [3]triangulenes. Here, we provide a unified theory for the electronic properties of a family of two-dimensional honeycomb lattices whose unit cell contains a pair of triangulenes with dimensions

n
a

,

n
b

. Combining density functional theory and tight-binding calculations, we find a wealth of half-filled narrow bands, including a graphene-like spectrum (for

n
a

=

n
b

=
2

), spin-1 Dirac electrons (for

n
a

=
2
,

n
b

=
3

),

p

x
,
y

-orbital physics (for

n
a

=

n
b

=
3

), as well as a gapped system with flat valence and conduction bands (for

n
a

=

n
b

=
4

). All these results are rationalized with a class of effective Hamiltonians acting on the subspace of the zero-energy states that generalize the graphene honeycomb model to the case of fermions with an internal pseudospin degree of freedom with C
3 symmetry.
Quantum correlations in molecules: from quantum resourcing to chemical bonding
Authors: Ding Lexin , Knecht Stefan , Zimborás Zoltán , Schilling Christian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The second quantum revolution is all about exploiting the quantum nature of atoms and molecules to execute quantum information processing tasks. To boost this growing endeavor and by anticipating the key role of quantum chemistry therein, our work establishes a framework for systematically exploring, quantifying and dissecting correlation effects in molecules. By utilizing the geometric picture of quantum states we compare—on a unified basis and in an operationally meaningful way—total, quantum and classical correlation and entanglement in molecular ground states. To unlock and maximize the quantum informational resourcefulness of molecules an orbital optimization scheme is developed, leading to a paradigm-shifting insight: a single covalent bond equates to the entanglement

2
ln
(
2
)

. This novel and more versatile perspective on electronic structure suggests a generalization of valence bond theory, overcoming deficiencies of modern chemical bonding theories.
PScL-2LSAESM: bioimage-based prediction of protein subcellular localization by integrating heterogeneous features with the two-level SAE-SM and mean ensemble method
Authors: Ullah Matee , Hadi Fazal , Song Jiangning , Yu Dong-Jun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMotivationOver the past decades, a variety of in silico methods have been developed to predict protein subcellular localization within cells. However, a common and major challenge in the design and development of such methods is how to effectively utilize the heterogeneous feature sets extracted from bioimages. In this regards, limited efforts have been undertaken.ResultsWe propose a new two-level stacked autoencoder network (termed 2L-SAE-SM) to improve its performance by integrating the heterogeneous feature sets. In particular, in the first level of 2L-SAE-SM, each optimal heterogeneous feature set is fed to train our designed stacked autoencoder network (SAE-SM). All the trained SAE-SMs in the first level can output the decision sets based on their respective optimal heterogeneous feature sets, known as ‘intermediate decision’ sets. Such intermediate decision sets are then ensembled using the mean ensemble method to generate the ‘intermediate feature’ set for the second-level SAE-SM. Using the proposed framework, we further develop a novel predictor, referred to as PScL-2LSAESM, to characterize image-based protein subcellular localization. Extensive benchmarking experiments on the latest benchmark training and independent test datasets collected from the human protein atlas databank demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed 2L-SAE-SM framework for the integration of heterogeneous feature sets. Moreover, performance comparison of the proposed PScL-2LSAESM with current state-of-the-art methods further illustrates that PScL-2LSAESM clearly outperforms the existing state-of-the-art methods for the task of protein subcellular localization.Availability and implementationhttps://github.com/csbio-njust-edu/PScL-2LSAESM.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
CONFERD-HP: recommendations for reporting COmpeteNcy FramEwoRk Development in health professions
Authors: Batt Alan M , Tavares Walter , Horsley Tanya , Rich Jessica V , Williams Brett ,   CONFERD-HP Collaborators, Beck Eleanor , Czabanowska Katarzyna , Fitzgerald Gerard , Halcomb Elizabeth , Hauer Karen , Hsu Deborah , Köhler Tamara , Landzaat Lindy H , Morrison Laura J , Palermo Claire , Pessoa Eneline A H , Sullivan Gail , Tackett Sean , Tonkin Emma , Touger-Decker Riva , Wilkinson Tim 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Competency frameworks outline the perceived knowledge, skills, attitudes, and other attributes required for professional practice. These frameworks have gained in popularity, in part for their ability to inform health professions education, assessment, professional mobility, and other activities. Previous research has highlighted inadequate reporting related to their development which may then jeopardize their defensibility and utility.

Methods
This study aimed to develop a set of minimum reporting criteria for developers and authors of competency frameworks in an effort to improve transparency, clarity, interpretability and appraisal of the developmental process, and its outputs. Following guidance from the Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research (EQUATOR) Network, an expert panel was assembled, and a knowledge synthesis, a Delphi study, and workshops were conducted using individuals with experience developing competency frameworks, to identify and achieve consensus on the essential items for a competency framework development reporting guideline.

Results
An initial checklist was developed by the 35-member expert panel and the research team. Following the steps listed above, a final reporting guideline including 20 essential items across five sections (title and abstract; framework development; development process; testing; and funding/conflicts of interest) was developed.

Conclusion
The COmpeteNcy FramEwoRk Development in Health Professions (CONFERD-HP) reporting guideline permits a greater understanding of relevant terminology, core concepts, and key items to report for competency framework development in the health professions.
Reformulating scale-free network via strong dependency
Authors: Kim Tae Yoon , Park Cheolyong , Ha Jeongcheol , Hwang Sun Young , Park Inho 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this article, we study the mechanism of generating a scale-free network using strong dependency between nodes. It is found that dependency should be aided by two key factors, namely, the reduced structure of network connections and small zero inflation. Our finding provides key conditions bridging the gap between the two groups having different opinions on scale-free networks. These groups include a camp of network scientists that consider scale-free networks as ideal objects in the large-size limit and the others that consider them as concrete objects in the real world.
Disrupting circadian control of peripheral myogenic reactivity mitigates cardiac injury following myocardial infarction
Authors: Kroetsch Jeffrey T , Lidington Darcy , Alibhai Faisal J , Reitz Cristine J , Zhang Hangjun , Dinh Danny D , Hanchard Julia , Khatua Tarak N , Heximer Scott P , Martino Tami A , Bolz Steffen-Sebastian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aims
Circadian rhythms orchestrate important functions in the cardiovascular system: the contribution of microvascular rhythms to cardiovascular disease progression/severity is unknown. This study hypothesized that (i) myogenic reactivity in skeletal muscle resistance arteries is rhythmic and (ii) disrupting this rhythmicity would alter cardiac injury post-myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods and results
Cremaster skeletal muscle resistance arteries were isolated and assessed using standard pressure myography. Circadian rhythmicity was globally disrupted with the ClockΔ19/Δ19 mutation or discretely through smooth muscle cell-specific Bmal1 deletion (Sm-Bmal1 KO). Cardiac structure and function were determined by echocardiographic, hemodynamic and histological assessments. Myogenic reactivity in cremaster muscle resistance arteries is rhythmic. This rhythm is putatively mediated by the circadian modulation of a mechanosensitive signalosome incorporating tumour necrosis factor and casein kinase 1. Following left anterior descending coronary artery ligation, myogenic responsiveness is locked at the circadian maximum, although circadian molecular clock gene expression cycles normally. Disrupting the molecular clock abolishes myogenic rhythmicity: myogenic tone is suspended at the circadian minimum and is no longer augmented by MI. The reduced myogenic tone in ClockΔ19/Δ19 mice and Sm-Bmal1 KO mice associates with reduced total peripheral resistance (TPR), improved cardiac function and reduced infarct expansion post-MI.

Conclusions
Augmented microvascular constriction aggravates cardiac injury post-MI. Following MI, skeletal muscle resistance artery myogenic reactivity increases specifically within the rest phase, when TPR would normally decline. Disrupting the circadian clock interrupts the MI-induced augmentation in myogenic reactivity: therapeutics targeting the molecular clock, therefore, may be useful for improving MI outcomes.
Modified Collard technique is more effective than circular stapled for cervical esophagogastric anastomosis in prevention of anastomotic stricture: a propensity score-matched study
Authors: Takeoka Tomohira , Miyata Hiroshi , Sugimura Keijiro , Kanemura Takashi , Sugase Takahito , Yamamoto Masaaki , Shinno Naoki , Hara Hisashi , Fujii Yoshiaki , Mukai Yosuke , Asukai Kei , Mikamori Manabu , Hasegawa Shinichiro , Akita Hirofumi , Haraguchi Naotsugu , Nishimura Junichi , Wada Hiroshi , Matsuda Chu , Omori Takeshi , Yasui Masayoshi , Ohue Masayuki , Yano Masahiko 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The anastomotic technique after esophagectomy is of great interest in the prevention of anastomotic complications that adversely affect postoperative recovery. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of modified Collard (MC) and circular stapled (CS) anastomoses after esophagectomy. A total of 504 consecutive patients with thoracic esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy and cervical esophagogastric CS or MC anastomosis from January 2013 to December 2019 were enrolled. Out of 504 patients, 134 and 370 underwent CS and MC anastomoses. The frequency of anastomotic leakage and stricture was significantly lesser in the MC group than in the CS group (3.0 vs. 10.5%, P = 0.0014 and 11.1 vs. 34.3%, P &lt; 0.001, respectively). CS anastomosis was an independent risk factor for anastomotic stricture (odds ratio, 4.89; P &lt; 0.001). Oral intake was significantly higher in the group without anastomotic stricture than in the group with anastomotic stricture at 2, 3, and 6 months postoperatively (P &lt; 0.001, P = 0.013, and P &lt; 0.001, respectively). The percentage body weight loss (%BWL) was −12.2% in the group with anastomotic stricture and −7.5% in the group without anastomotic stricture at 3 months postoperatively (P = 0.0012). Anastomotic stricture was an independent factor associated with %BWL (odds ratio, 4.86; P = 0.010). Propensity score-matched analysis, which included 88 pairs of patients, confirmed a significantly lower anastomotic stricture rate in the MC group than in the CS group (10.2 vs. 35.2%, P &lt; 0.001). MC anastomosis is better than CS anastomosis for reducing the frequency of anastomotic stricture, which may be useful for maintaining early postoperative nutritional status.
A case report of acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock caused by catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome and lupus myocarditis
Authors: Lai Ashton C , Feinman Jason , Oates Connor , Parikh Aditya 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome and lupus myocarditis are two rare life-threatening conditions.

Case summary
We present a case of a 47-year-old woman admitted in profound cardiogenic shock due to catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome and lupus myocarditis requiring advanced heart failure therapies, including early mechanical circulatory support. She improved with steroids, immunoglobulins, mycophenolate, and eculizumab.

Discussion
This case highlights the importance of early identification of cardiogenic shock secondary to catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome and lupus myocarditis, the arrhythmogenic complications of myocarditis, and the subsequent management of the disease progression with mechanical and medical support.
Erroneous diagnosis of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine–associated acute myocarditis due to false-positive high-sensitive troponin I assay: a case report
Authors: Suan Vivian Goh Yi , Hawkins Robert , Yew Min Sen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccine–associated acute myocarditis has been well described, and the demonstration of elevated high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) is crucial for its diagnosis. However, falsely elevated hs-cTn can occasionally occur, leading to incorrect diagnosis. Here, we report the case of a patient who was given an erroneous diagnosis of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine–associated acute myocarditis due to falsely elevated hs-cTn, likely from assay interference.

Case summary
A 29-year-old Chinese male presented with 3 months of chest pain, dyspnoea, and palpitations starting a few days after his second dose of mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I was elevated at presentation, which rose further 4 h later. The provisional diagnosis was acute myocarditis after a computed tomography coronary angiogram showed normal coronaries. Cardiac magnetic resonance was also negative for myocardial inflammation. The hs-cTn I levels fluctuated but remained elevated on outpatient serial testing, despite no new symptoms or clinical events. A paired serum sample showed elevated hs-cTn I but normal hs-cTn T, confirming a diagnosis of false-positive hs-cTn I. Further investigations, including blood tests before and after a subsequent uneventful mRNA-1273 booster vaccination, were performed to investigate for assay interference.

Discussion
Widespread COVID-19 mRNA vaccination has resulted in an awareness of vaccine-related acute myocarditis and a more thorough evaluation of post-vaccination cardiac symptoms. Although false-positive hs-cTn rarely occurs, extensive testing will inevitably result in a significant number of patients with falsely elevated hs-cTn. Clinicians should exclude this possibility and consider using alternative hs-cTn assay when investigation results and clinical presentation appear discordant.
Development and validation of a dynamic deep learning algorithm using electrocardiogram to predict dyskalaemias in patients with multiple visits
Authors: Lou Yu-Sheng , Lin Chin-Sheng , Fang Wen-Hui , Lee Chia-Cheng , Wang Chih-Hung , Lin Chin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aims
Deep learning models (DLMs) have shown superiority in electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis and have been applied to diagnose dyskalaemias. However, no study has explored the performance of DLM-enabled ECG in continuous follow-up scenarios. Therefore, we proposed a dynamic revision of DLM-enabled ECG to use personal pre-annotated ECGs to enhance the accuracy in patients with multiple visits.

Methods and results
We retrospectively collected 168 450 ECGs with corresponding serum potassium (K+) levels from 103 091 patients as development samples. In the internal/external validation sets, the numbers of ECGs with corresponding K+ were 37 246/47 604 from 13 555/20 058 patients. Our dynamic revision method showed better performance than the traditional direct prediction for diagnosing hypokalaemia [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.730/0.720–0.788/0.778] and hyperkalaemia (AUC = 0.884/0.888–0.915/0.908) in patients with multiple visits.

Conclusion
Our method has shown a distinguishable improvement in DLMs for diagnosing dyskalaemias in patients with multiple visits, and we also proved its application in ejection fraction prediction, which could further improve daily clinical practice.
Association between phonocardiography and echocardiography in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Luo Hongxing , Weerts Jerremy , Bekkers Anja , Achten Anouk , Lievens Sien , Smeets Kimberly , van Empel Vanessa , Delhaas Tammo , Prinzen Frits W 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aims
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is associated with stiffened myocardium and elevated filling pressure that may be captured by heart sound (HS). We investigated the relationship between phonocardiography (PCG) and echocardiography in symptomatic patients suspected of HFpEF.

Methods and results
Consecutive symptomatic patients with sinus rhythm and left ventricular ejection fraction &gt;45% were enrolled. Echocardiography was performed to evaluate the patients’ diastolic function, accompanied by PCG measurements. Phonocardiography features including HS amplitude, frequency, and timing intervals were calculated, and their abilities to differentiate the ratio between early mitral inflow velocity and early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E/e′) were investigated. Of 45 patients, variable ratio matching was applied to obtain two groups of patients with similar characteristics but different E/e′. Patients with a higher E/e′ showed higher first and second HS frequencies and more fourth HS and longer systolic time intervals. The interval from QRS onset to first HS was the best feature for the prediction of E/e′ &gt; 9 [area under the curve (AUC): 0.72 (0.51–0.88)] in the matched patients. In comparison, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) showed an AUC of 0.67 (0.46–0.85), a value not better than any PCG feature (P &gt; 0.05).

Conclusion
Phonocardiography features stratify E/e′ in symptomatic patients suspected of HFpEF with a diagnostic performance similar to NT-proBNP. Heart sound may serve as a simple non-invasive tool for evaluating HFpEF patients.
Is School-Based Financial Education Effective? Immediate and Long-Lasting Impacts on High School Students
Authors: Frisancho Veronica 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Relying on a large-scale experiment in Peru, this study evaluates the effects of an in-class intervention on financial literacy and financial behaviour. As soon as the programme is over, treated students record significant financial literacy gains that do not hinder their academic performance. The programme also leads to immediate changes in downstream financial behaviour as measured by financial autonomy and financial savviness. Credit bureau records gathered three years later show that early improvements in financial literacy translate into limited, but positive long-lasting changes in financial behaviour. The treatment did not affect students’ credit or repayment behaviour on the extensive margin, but, among those few with outstanding loans, it reduced arrears by 20%.