bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood‐Coagulation‐Inspired Dynamic Bridging Strategy for the Fabrication of Multiscale‐Assembled Hierarchical Porous Material
Authors: Zhang Lin , Sun Yuxin , Peng Li , Fang Wenzhang , Huang Qiao , Zhang Jie , Zhang Ziyan , Li Hang , Liu Yingjun , Ying Yibin , Fu Yingchun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPorous materials, from macroscopic bulk materials (MBs) with (sub‐)millimeter‐scale pores to tiny particles (TPs) with (sub‐)nanometer‐scale pores, have attracted ever‐growing interest in various fields. However, the integration of multi‐scale pores in one composite is promising but challenging, owing to the considerable gap in the scale of the pores. Inspired by blood coagulation, a fibrin‐based dynamic bridging strategy is developed to fabricate a multiscale‐assembled hierarchical porous material (MHPM), in which fibrin formed as the sub‐framework for the weaving‐narrow of MBs and the enwinding‐load of TPs. The bio‐polymerization nature makes the fabrication rapid, facile, and universal for the customizable integration of seven kinds of TPs and four kinds of MBs. Besides, the integration is controllable with high load capacity of TPs and is stable against external shock forces. The unique multi‐level structure endows the MHPM with large and accessible surface area, and efficient mass transfer pathways, synergistically leading to high adsorption capacity and rapid kinetics in multiple adsorption models. This work suggests a strategy for the rational multi‐level design and fabrication of hierarchical porous architectures.
Neuropathological Insights into Unexpected Cognitive Decline in Epilepsy
Authors: Reimers Annika , Helmstaedter Christoph , Elger Christian E. , Pitsch Julika , Hamed Motaz , Becker Albert J. , Witt Juri‐Alexander 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveSome patients unexpectedly display an unfavorable cognitive course after epilepsy surgery subsequent to any direct cognitive sequelae of the surgical treatment. Therefore, we conducted in‐depth neuropathological examinations of resective specimens from corresponding patients to provide insights as to the underlying disease processes.MethodsIn this study, cases with significant cognitive deterioration following a previous postoperative assessment were extracted from the neuropsychological database of a longstanding epilepsy surgical program. An extensive reanalysis of available specimens was performed using current, state‐of‐the‐art neuropathological examinations. Patients without cognitive deterioration but matched in regard to basic pathologies served as controls.ResultsAmong the 355 operated patients who had undergone more than one postoperative neuropsychological examination, 30 (8%) showed significant cognitive decline in the period after surgery. Of the 24 patients with available specimens, 71% displayed further neuropathological changes in addition to the typical spectrum (ie, hippocampal sclerosis, focal cortical dysplasias, vascular lesions, and low‐grade tumors), indicating (1) a secondary, putatively epilepsy‐independent neurodegenerative disease process; (2) limbic inflammation; or (3) the enigmatic pathology pattern of "hippocampal gliosis" without segmental neurodegeneration. In the controls, the matched individual principal epilepsy‐associated pathologies were not found in combination with the secondary pathology patterns of the study group.InterpretationOur findings indicate that patients who unexpectedly displayed unfavorable cognitive development beyond any direct surgical effects show rare and very particular pathogenetic causes or parallel, presumably independent, neurodegenerative alterations. A multicenter collection of such cases would be appreciated to discern presurgical biomarkers that help with surgical decision‐making. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:536–550
Multifunctional Thermally Conductive Composite Films Based on Fungal Tree‐like Heterostructured Silver Nanowires@Boron Nitride Nanosheets and Aramid Nanofibers
Authors: Han Yixin , Ruan Kunpeng , Gu Junwei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThermal conduction for electronic equipment has grown in importance in light of the burgeoning of 5G communication. It is imperatively desired to design highly thermally conductive fillers and polymer composite films with prominent Joule heating characteristics and extensive mechanical properties. In this work, “solvothermal & in situ growth” method is carried out to prepare “Fungal tree”‐like hetero‐structured silver nanowires@boron nitride nanosheet (AgNWs@BNNS) thermally conductive fillers. The thermally conductive AgNWs@BNNS/ANF composite films are obtained by the method of “suction filtration self‐assembly and hot‐pressing”. When the mass fraction of AgNWs@BNNS is 50 wt%, AgNWs@BNNS/ANF composite film presents the optimal thermal conductivity coefficient of 9.44 W/(m ⋅ K) and excellent tensile strength of 136.6 MPa, good temperature‐voltage response characteristics, superior electrical stability and reliability, which promise a wide application potential in 5G electronic devices.
Achieving Control in Micro‐/Nanomotor Mobility
Authors: Fusi Alexander D. , Li Yudong , Llopis‐Lorente A. , Patiño Tania , van Hest Jan C. M. , Abdelmohsen Loai K. E. A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnprecedented opportunities exist for the generation of advanced nanotechnologies based on synthetic micro/nanomotors (MNMs), such as active transport of medical agents or the removal of pollutants. In this regard, great efforts have been dedicated toward controlling MNM motion (e.g., speed, directionality). This was generally performed by precise engineering and optimizing of the motors′ chassis, engine, powering mode (i.e., chemical or physical), and mechanism of motion. Recently, new insights have emerged to control motors mobility, mainly by the inclusion of different modes that drive propulsion. With high degree of synchronization, these modes work providing the required level of control. In this Minireview, we discuss the diverse factors that impact motion; these include MNM morphology, modes of mobility, and how control over motion was achieved. Moreover, we highlight the main limitations that need to be overcome so that such motion control can be translated into real applications.
Helical Bilayer Nonbenzenoid Nanographene Bearing a [10]Helicene with Two Embedded Heptagons
Authors: Yang Lin , Ju Yang‐Yang , Medel Miguel A. , Fu Yubin , Komber Hartmut , Dmitrieva Evgenia , Zhang Jin‐Jiang , Obermann Sebastian , Campaña Araceli G. , Ma Ji , Feng Xinliang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe precision synthesis of helical bilayer nanographenes (NGs) with new topology is of substantial interest because of their exotic physicochemical properties. However, helical bilayer NGs bearing non‐hexagonal rings remain synthetically challenging. Here we present the efficient synthesis of the first helical bilayer nonbenzenoid nanographene (HBNG1) from a tailor‐made azulene‐embedded precursor, which contains a novel [10]helicene backbone with two embedded heptagons. Single‐crystal X‐ray analysis reveals its highly twisted bilayer geometry with a record small interlayer distance of 3.2 Å among the reported helical bilayer NGs. Notably, the close interlayer distance between the two layers offers intramolecular through‐space conjugation as revealed by in situ spectroelectrochemistry studies together with DFT simulations. Furthermore, the chiroptical properties of the P/M enantiomers of HBNG1 are also evaluated by circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence.
Construction of a MOF‐Supported Palladium Catalyst via Metal Metathesis
Authors: Liang Chenglong , Wu Fei , Miao Tingting , Zhang Peng , Zhang Weibing , Wu Fen , Shi Qian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA new MOF‐supported heterogeneous palladium catalyst Pd/NBB‐1 has been synthesized successfully through the effective metal metathesis between Pd(CF3COO)2 and NBB‐1. NBB‐1 is a two‐dimensional zinc metal‐organic framework constructed from 2‐aminoterephthalate (NH2−H2BDC) and 2,2′‐bipyridine‐5‐carboxylate (HBPC) by solvothermal method. The replacement efficiency of Pd(II) to Zn(II) is up to 72% after only 24 hours, which is beneficial to the catalytic application. Pd/NBB‐1 with a low loading of 2 mol% works efficiently in the 1,4‐addition reaction of arylboronic acids with α,β‐unsaturated ketones in air, and its catalytic activity keeps unchanged after 3 reaction cycles. This work provides a new strategy to effectively prepare supported noble metal/MOF catalysts, which would further increase the practical applications of metal‐organic frameworks.
An urban versus rural comparison of obesity between youth with and without autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Garcia Jeanette M. , Odahowski Cassie L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo examine obesity prevalence in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and neurotypical (NT) youth living in rural and urban areas. Data is from the 2019 National Survey of Children's Health, a national dataset that collected information on child health and well‐being. Overweight/obesity status was based on parent/caregiver report of child height and weight. Urban and rural status was determined by whether children lived in/near a city. Chi‐square tests were conducted to examine differences in obesity prevalence in youth with ASD and NT youth living in rural and urban areas. Overall, 43.9% of youth with ASD were overweight/obese compared to 30.6% of NT youth (p < 0.001). There was a significantly higher proportion of NT youth living in rural areas (36.44%) who were overweight/obese compared to urban NT youth (30.35%, p = 0.002). There were no significant differences in the proportion of overweight/obese youth with ASD living in rural areas (44.02%) compared to urban areas (44.44%, p = 0.96). Urban residence reduced the odds of overweight/obese compared to rural residence among NT youth (aOR = 0.77, 95%CI = 0.66–0.90) but urban/rural residence was not a significant factor in models for ASD youth (aOR = 1.25, 95%CI = 0.63–2.48). In contrast to NT youth, there were no differences in levels of overweight/obesity in youth with ASD living in rural areas compared to urban areas. Further research on how sociodemographic factors and geographic location affect obesity in youth with ASD is warranted.
On target methods to induce abscopal phenomenon for Off‐Target effects: From happenstance to happenings
Authors: Nelson Blessie Elizabeth , Adashek Jacob J. , Lin Steven H. , Subbiah Vivek 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlthough the “abscopal phenomenon” has been described several decades ago, this phenomenon lately has been obtaining momentous traction with the dawn of immune‐based therapies. There has been increased cross talk among radiation oncologists, oncologists and immunologists and consequently a surge in the number of prospective clinical trials. This must be coupled with translation work from these clinical trials to aid in eventual identification of patients who may benefit. Abscopal effects may be induced by local and systemic methods, conventional radiotherapy, particle radiation, radionucleotide methods, cryoablation and brachytherapy. These approaches have all been reported to be stimulate abscopal effect. Immune induction by immune checkpoint therapy, immune adjuvants, cellular therapy including CAR and NK cell therapies may generate systemic abscopal response. With increasing recognition of this effect, there remains a lot of work to explore the modalities of inducing abscopal responses and ultimate prediction or prognostication on stratifying who may benefit. Ultimately, there is an urgent need for prospective studies and data to tease apart which one of these modalities can be applied to the appropriate candidate, to the appropriate cancer at the appropriate setting. This review seeks to elucidate readers on the different modalities of radiation, systemic therapies and other techniques rarely explored to potentiate the abscopal effect from a mere coincidence to a finite occurrence.
FLT3 inhibitors as maintenance therapy post allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia patients with FLT3 mutations: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Fei Xinhong , Zhang Shuqin , Gu Jiangying , Wang Jingbo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with a Fms‐like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutation have a high incidence of relapse despite allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) and a subsequent poor prognosis. FLT3 inhibitors (FLT3i) have been suggested to reduce the post‐transplant relapse risk in recent studies. As more evidence is accumulated, we perform the present meta‐analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of FLT3i as post‐transplant maintenance therapy in AML patients.MethodsLiterature search was performed in public databases from inception to December 31, 2021. Overall survival (OS), relapse‐free survival (RFS), cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), non‐relapse mortality (NRM), graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) and adverse events were compared between FLT3i and control groups. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) or relative risk (RR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.ResultsWe identified 12 eligible studies with 2282 FLT3‐mutated AML patients who had received HSCT. There was no between‐study heterogeneity and a fix‐effect model was used. Post‐transplant FLT3i maintenance significantly prolonged OS (HR = 0.41, 95%CI: 0.32–0.52, p < 0.001) and RFS (HR = 0.39, 95%CI 0.31–0.50, p < 0.001), and reduced CIR (HR = 0.31, 95%CI 0.20–0.46, p < 0.001) as compared with control. There were no significant risk differences in NRM (RR = 0.69, 95%CI 0.41–1.17, p = 0.169), acute GVHD (RR = 1.17, 95%CI 0.93–1.47, p = 0.175), chronic GVHD (RR = 1.31, 95%CI 0.91–1.39, p = 0.276) and grade ≥3 adverse events between both groups, except for skin toxicity (RR = 5.86, 95%CI 1.34–25.57, p = 0.019).ConclusionPost‐transplant FLT3i maintenance can improve survival and reduce relapse in FLT3‐mutated AML patients and is tolerable.
Flourishing communities: A new model to promote sustainable community leadership and transformation in semi‐rural Kenya
Authors: Goodman Michael , Theron Linda , Seidel Sarah , Elliott Aleisha , Raimer‐Goodman Lauren , Keiser Philip , Gitari Stanley , Gatwiri Christine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCommunities often face numerous challenges and opportunities—situations that may be reduced to specific domains by researchers, policy makers and interventionists. This study informs and animates a new “flourishing community” model that seeks to build collective capacity to respond to challenges and opportunities. Our work is a response to children living on the streets, whose families face myriad challenges. The Sustainable Development Goals make explicit the need for new, integrative models that acknowledge the interplay of challenges and opportunities within communities through the flow of everyday life. Flourishing communities are generative, supportive, resilient, compassionate, curious, responsive and self‐determined, and they build resources across economic, social, educational, and health domains. Integrating theoretical models—specifically, community‐led development, multi‐systemic resilience, and the “broaden and build” cycle of attachment—provides a testable framework to understand and explore hypothesised relationships between survey‐collected, cross‐sectional variables with 335 participants. Higher collective efficacy, a common byproduct of group‐based microlending activities, was correlated with higher sociopolitical control. This correlation was mediated by higher positive emotion, meaning in life, spirituality, curiosity, and compassion. Further research is required to understand replicability, cross‐sectoral impact, mechanisms of integrating health and development domains, and implementation challenges of the flourishing community model. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Personalized ontology and deep training tree‐based optimal gated recurrent unit‐recurrent neural network for prediction of students' behavior
Authors: Mary Harin Fernandez F. , Venkata Ramana T. , Shabana Mahammad , Kannagi V. , Nalini M. 
Published: November 2022

SummaryDigital libraries are now widely used by students all around the world due to the hassle‐free services it offers in the form of digitized study materials, ebooks, multimedia content and so forth. However, to increase user satisfaction and allegiance, a personalized digital library needs to be deployed to offer customized services to the users. To accomplish this objective, this article presents a novel scheme to design personalized digital libraries via the usage of the Protégé editor and machine learning techniques. The Protégé 4.3 tool is used to generate the digital library ontologies and identify the interrelated concepts. Domain knowledge acquisition, ontology organization, ontology elaboration, ensuring the consistency of the information, and ontology validation. The gated recurrent unit‐recurrent neural network (GRU‐RNN) with a deep training tree (DTT) is used to predict the different user behavior styles such as cognitive behavior, learning speed behavior, sedentary behavior, and aggressive behavior. The DTT is mainly incorporated to overcome the vanishing gradient issue associated with the GRU‐RNN and used in the place of gradient‐based optimization. A black widow optimization approach is employed to update the weights of the GRU‐RNN network in order to increase its accuracy. The efficiency of the proposed methodology is analyzed by using different performance metrics such as F‐score, accuracy, loss, precision, and recall scores. The results show that the personalized digital library created can be efficient in terms of usability.
Hybrid support vector machine and K‐nearest neighbor‐based software testing for educational assistant
Authors: Ramesh Lilly , Radhika S. , Jothi S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn terms of training students for work in diverse firms, traditional and out‐of‐date teaching techniques cannot compete with digital teaching methods. To overcome this problem, the teaching approach and content must be changed. An Educational Assistant for Software Testing (EAST) framework is developed in this work to train students to improve their skills in software testing via Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) built using Natural Language Processing (NLP), Machine learning, and information retrieval techniques. In this paper, a Group Search Optimized two‐stage hybrid Support Vector Machine‐K‐Nearest Neighbor (SVM‐KNN) classifier is used to develop a novel approach for analyzing the parameters that introduce bugs in bug reports. To decrease the data sparsity problem, the group search optimization (GSO) algorithm is used to improve the parameter selection process of the two‐stage hybrid classifier by generating optimal values for parameters such as k, c, and gamma. Two bug report datasets were used to test the model. The database for our application is built by collecting bug reports from a wide open‐source community as well as several mobile application development companies. Based on the extensive experiments conducted via different performance metrics, we can conclude that the EAST framework can improve outdated teaching methodologies.
A novel robust convolutional neural network for uniform resource locator classification from the view of cyber security
Authors: Kabakus Abdullah Talha 
Published: November 2022

SummaryUniform resource locator (URL)‐based cyber‐attacks form a major part of security threats in cyberspace. Even though the experience and awareness of the end‐users help them protect themselves from these attacks, a software‐based solution is necessary for comprehensive protection. To this end, a novel robust URL classification model based on convolutional neural network is proposed in this study. The proposed model classifies given URLs into five classes, namely, () , () , () , () , and () . The proposed model was trained and evaluated on a gold standard URL dataset comprising of samples. According to the experimental result, the proposed model obtained an accuracy as high as which outperformed the state‐of‐the‐art. Based on the same architecture, we proposed another classifier, a binary classifier that detects malicious URLs without dealing with their types. This binary classifier obtained an accuracy as high as which outperformed the state‐of‐the‐art as well. The experimental result demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed solution.
Waste Lithium Ion Battery Evolves into Heteroatom Doped Carbon as Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalyst for Aqueous Al‐Air Batteries
Authors: Shen Yanhao , Zhang Guixin , Wang Ruixi , Shen Liyuan , Li Qingyu , Zheng Fenghua , Wu Qiang , Ma Zhaoling 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCarbon based electrocatalysts prepared by recycling waste power batteries can not only realize the new utilization of waste energy materials, but also obtain cheap and efficient oxygen reduction electrocatalyst for metal‐air battery. Based on the cathode carbon of waste LiFePO4 batteries, nitrogen doped carbon based catalyst NC‐1000 is prepared by simple pyrolysis, acid dissolution of LiFePO4 and high temperature heteroatom doping. The catalyst is characterized by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and Raman spectrum, and the electrochemical performances of the catalyst and Al‐air battery were tested. The results show that carbon based electrocatalyst NC‐1000 is rich in structural defects and embedded with trace metal oxides. Compared with commercial 20 wt% Pt/C, it has higher electrocatalytic activity and faster kinetic with a half‐wave potential of 0.828 V vs. RHE and the Tafel slope of 70.7 mV dec−1. In addition, assembled into Al‐air battery, the open circuit potential can reach 1.57 V along with the high power density of 141 mW cm−2 at 200 mA cm−2. The discharge specific capacity at higher current of up to 100 mA cm−2 is even better than the commercial Pt/C. This study can not only improve the economic value of waste power batteries, but also obtain high‐performance ORR electrocatalyst, which will greatly promote the commercial development of Al‐air batteries.
Classification of inheritance of trichomes in different organs in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.)
Authors: Lin Dongjuan , Luo Yusong , Li Wenling , Hou Yuetong , Ding Wenqi , Wang Chaojie , Zhang Feng , Qu Shuping , Wang Yunli 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPlant trichomes are specialized structures that develop from epidermal cells and are widely present on the surface of the aboveground tissues in plants. Trichomes play a significant role in plant development, the biotic and abiotic adaptations, and some of them have important commercial value. Trichome micromorphology of the aboveground parts of zucchini germplasm resources was observed, and the results showed that zucchini trichomes are multicellular, and they consist of head, stem, and basal cells. Zucchini trichomes were classified into seven types: type I, II, III, and VII trichomes were nonglandular, and type IV, V, and VI trichomes were glandular. Each type had a unique structure and morphology, and type I and II trichomes were long and pointy, which could easily be observed. According to the presence of type I and II trichomes, the zucchini germplasm resources were divided into long dense trichome (LDT) groups (presence of type I and II trichomes) and sparse micro trichome (SMT) groups (absence of type I and II trichomes). The F2 population derived by crossing typical LDT 16 and typical SMT 63 was constructed, and the density of type I and type II petiole trichomes was found significantly different. Petiole trichome density exhibited quantitative characteristic inheritance and was controlled by multiple genes. A study of the structure and morphology of zucchini trichomes can deepen the understanding of multicellular trichomes and lay the foundation for the morphological development of zucchini trichomes and the identification of trichome density genes, which could have important theoretical and practical application value for the selection of new zucchini varieties in the future.