bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Colonizer Copepods on Zooplankton Structure and Diversity in Contrasting Estuaries
Authors: Barroeta Ziortza , Villate Fernando , Uriarte Ibon , Iriarte Arantza 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The impact of the occurrence of the non-indigenous species (NIS) Acartia tonsa, Oithona davisae, and Pseudodiaptomus marinus and of the range-expanding copepods Acartia bifilosa and Calanipeda aquaedulcis on the structure and diversity of zooplankton communities was analyzed using 18 years (1998–2015) time series from the contrasting estuaries of Bilbao and Urdaibai (Basque coast, Bay of Biscay). Changes in the structure of communities were assessed by using multivariate analyses of taxa abundances and changes in diversity by using descriptors of alpha, beta, and gamma diversity. The most evident changes occurred at the upper reaches of the estuary of Bilbao, where an abundant and less diverse brackish community, dominated by the NIS, A. tonsa and O. davisae, succeeded a low abundance and more diverse community of neritic origin. The later establishment of C. aquaedulcis was linked to further changes in the structure of the community and a progressive increase in diversity. The seasonal pattern of diversity at the inner estuary and the beta diversity in the estuary were also significantly affected by the arrival of the NIS and C. aquaedulcis. In contrast, the original low diversity brackish community of the estuary of Urdaibai, clearly dominated by A. bifilosa, was far less affected by the arrival of the same copepod NIS, and A. bifilosa remained as the species best related to the changes in zooplankton structure and diversity in the brackish habitats of the estuary.
Inter-colony fights in Tetragonula stingless bees result in temporary mixed-species worker cohorts
Authors: Lau Ieng Hou , Hereward James P. , Smith Tobias J. , Heard Tim A. , Walter Gimme H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTwo stingless bee species, Tetragonula carbonaria and Tetragonula hockingsi, engage in extreme inter-colony fights, both within and between species. Inter species fights can result in one species taking over the nest of the other. Following successful takeovers, brood from the previous colony could be retained and become workers, but this has yet to be tested. We first tested whether T. carbonaria callows are accepted when introduced into a different conspecific nest and found that they are indeed accepted as normal workers. This suggested that mixed species cohorts might be expected after a hive takeover. We assessed this in a managed T. carbonaria hive, fitted with an observation window that was subject to multiple takeover attempts. Using microsatellite genotyping, we established that multiple different colonies (of both species) attacked the observation colony over 63 days, resulting in a catastrophic collapse of the nest. Our observations inside the hive during these inter-colony invasions revealed no evidence of resource robbing, adding further support to the hypothesis that fighting behaviour in these species has the primary goal of taking over the nest. Newly emerged callows were ejected by invaders, predominantly during the initial few days of fighting. The ejection of callows ceased; however, shortly after each takeover attempt, and, following this, newly emerged callows were accepted as workers. These findings add new evidence that the invading colony co-exists with workers from the previous brood following a takeover, but only until the last of that cohort dies.
Assessment of final-year medical students’ entrustable professional activities after education on an interprofessional training ward: A&nbsp;case-control study
Authors: Brätz Julian , Bußenius Lisa , Brätz Irina , Grahn Hanno , Prediger Sarah , Harendza Sigrid 
Published: July 2022

Introduction Interprofessional training wards (ITWs) are implemented to provide medical students with a holistic and authentic health care experience to improve their clinical competencies. Controlled outcome studies assessing students’ competencies after ITW-training are uncommon. In this case-control study, we assessed final-year medical students who received ITW-training regarding entrustable professional activities (EPAs) and communicative as well as social competencies.
Methods In March 2021, 32 final-year students, 16 with (ITW group) and 16 without (control group) a previous four-week placement on an ITW participated in a training simulating the first day of residency. The simulated patients assessed students’ communication and interpersonal skills for history taking with the ComCare index after every consultation. Twelve prospective EPAs were assessed by three senior physicians after watching videos of the students’ case presentations.
Results While baseline characteristics and ComCare index ratings were not significantly different between the two groups, the overall mean entrustment level for the 12 EPAs was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the ITW group compared to the control group (median = 3.15 versus 2.22). The interrater reliability for all EPAs was high and entrustment in students from the ITW group was significantly higher in 10 out of 12 EPAs.
Discussion ITW training seems to prepare medical students well to practice competencies which are relevant for prospective entrustment decisions and can be deduced by senior physicians from case presentations. Further studies with larger student cohorts are needed to corroborate this finding and observable EPAs could also be defined to assess students’ competencies after ITW training.
Electrostatic Interaction Tailored Anion-Rich Solvation Sheath Stabilizing High-Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Wu Junru , Gao Ziyao , Wang Yao , Yang Xu , Liu Qi , Zhou Dong , Wang Xianshu , Kang Feiyu , Li Baohua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThrough tailoring interfacial chemistry, electrolyte engineering is a facile yet effective strategy for high-performance lithium (Li) metal batteries, where the solvation structure is critical for interfacial chemistry. Herein, the effect of electrostatic interaction on regulating an anion-rich solvation is firstly proposed. The moderate electrostatic interaction between anion and solvent promotes anion to enter the solvation sheath, inducing stable solid electrolyte interphase with fast Li+ transport kinetics on the anode. This as-designed electrolyte exhibits excellent compatibility with Li metal anode (a Li deposition/stripping Coulombic efficiency of 99.3%) and high-voltage LiCoO2 cathode. Consequently, the 50 μm-thin Li||high-loading LiCoO2 cells achieve significantly improved cycling performance under stringent conditions of high voltage over 4.5 V, lean electrolyte, and wide temperature range (− 20 to 60 °C). This work inspires a groundbreaking strategy to manipulate the solvation structure through regulating the interactions of solvent and anion for high-performance Li metal batteries.
Enhancing Cross-lingual Biomedical Concept Normalization Using Deep Neural Network Pretrained Language Models
Authors: Lin Ying-Chi , Hoffmann Phillip , Rahm Erhard 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this study, we propose a new approach for cross-lingual biomedical concept normalization, the process of mapping text in non-English documents to English concepts of a knowledge base. The resulting mappings, named as semantic annotations, enhance data integration and interoperability of documents in different languages. The US FDA (Food and Drug Administration), therefore, requires all submitted medical forms to be semantically annotated. These standardized medical forms are used in health care practice and biomedical research and are translated/adapted into various languages. Mapping them to the same concepts (normally in English) facilitates the comparison of multiple medical studies even cross-lingually. However, the translation and adaptation of these forms can cause them to deviate from its original text syntactically and in wording. This leads the conventional string matching methods to produce low-quality annotation results. Therefore, our new approach incorporates semantics into the cross-lingual concept normalization process. This is done using sentence embeddings generated by BERT-based pretrained language models. We evaluate the new approach by annotating entire questions of German medical forms with concepts in English, as required by the FDA. The new approach achieves an improvement of 136% in recall, 52% in precision and 66% in F-measure compared to the conventional string matching methods.
Soft Actuation and Compliant Mechanisms in Humanoid Robots
Authors: Niiyama Ryuma 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
We aimed to reveal the impact of soft robotics, which has developed in the last decade, on humanoid robotics research. Although humanoid robots are usually classified as hard robotics, softness should be integrated because soft materials and mechanisms are used extensively in the human body.

Recent Findings
In recent years, new soft actuators based on hybrid approaches, such as the combination of electricity and fluid, have emerged. Physically compliant robotic systems that are safe and robust are needed to take on higher-risk tasks and to tolerate large numbers of trials in the process of machine learning.

Summary
Emerging soft actuators are enabling humanoid robots to achieve rapid movements with physical impacts. Efforts to integrate soft robotics and humanoid robots are still on their way. A potential direction for humanoid robots is their application to physical human-robot interaction, where further exploitation of softness is expected.
Best Rescue Strategy for Tracheal Intubation During Tracheal Stenting for Interventional Radiologists
Authors: Liu Yiming , Wang Ling , Xu Kaihao , Jiao Dechao , Han Xinwei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
To analyze the usefulness of temporary sheath-assisted tracheal intubation during tracheal stenting (TS) under fluoroscopy.

Methods
A total of 261 patients with airway stenosis due to malignant tumors underwent TS from May 2017 to January 2021, and 21 patients required tracheal intubation (TI) after air stenting because of viscous sputum blockage, endotracheal bleeding, and other conditions. The technique of temporary sheath-assisted TI was used. The vital signs (such as SpO2, blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory), technical success, clinical success, and complications were analyzed.

Results
Temporary sheath-assisted TI was successful in all patients, and the mean procedure time was 0.7 min, with a technical success rate of 100%. Hypoxia resolved in all patients, and sputum blockage or endotracheal bleeding could be treated easily through the TI channel under fluoroscopy. All the vital signs significantly increased after TI (P < 0.05). One patient died without successful TI removal, making for a clinical success rate of 95.2%. No serious complications occurred.

Conclusion
Sheath-assisted TI is an easy and useful procedure during TS under fluoroscopy in emergency situations.
Zimbabwe’s Economic Decline, Archives Access Regimes, Professionalism, and Their Impact on Researcher-Archivist Relations at the National Archives of Zimbabwe
Authors: Bishi George , Muchefa Livingstone 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article discusses the manner in which Zimbabwe’s faltering economy affects the functioning of the National Archives of Zimbabwe (NAZ). It also looks at the NAZ access regimes, ethical and professional issues, and their ramifications on archivist-researcher relations. It observes that the conflict of interest between the mandate of archivists to preserve and conserve archives and researchers’ need for access to archives at the NAZ occasionally complicates researcher-archivist interaction. This is because, as professionals and government employees, archivists must follow ethical standards and archival regulations governing the preservation, conservation, and access to archives, even if the same access guidelines and archival practices are not always in the best interests of researchers. This article uses the term “archivists” to explicitly refer to the NAZ staff members who assist researchers at the control desk by identifying, retrieving, and acquiring photocopies of required archives/documents, whilst the term “researchers” refers to both academic and non-academic users of the archives. The issues discussed in this article are pertinent to professional archivists as well as local and foreign researchers, both seasoned and junior, who want to do research at the NAZ and other African archives.
Tempered radicals in manufacturing: Invisible champions of inclusion
Authors: Griffiths Chris , Pio Edwina , McGhee Peter 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe tempered radical enjoys their work and is committed to their organisation. Yet, something important to them, like their values or identity, makes them feel different from their workplace's dominant culture. This sense of difference, and their tempered approach to radical change, allow them to work unnoticed in organisations as invisible champions of inclusion. This study examines how tempered radicals use their abilities as change agents to foster inclusion. It takes advantage of manufacturing industries' highly collaborative, richly diverse and rapidly changing employment environment. Drawing participants from all organisational levels demonstrates the broad influence of the tempered radical. Twenty-four qualitative interviews were conducted using a narrative inquiry methodology and interpreted through thematic analysis. This study builds on current theory and makes a valuable contribution by proposing a framework to illustrate the key characteristics of the tempered radical incorporating inclusion in the workplace.
Multi-level antecedents of public sector innovation? An ethnography of a large UK postal services organization
Authors: Turner Simon 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper examines professional and organizational-level antecedents of public sector innovation using findings from a 9-month ethnography conducted within the marketing department of a large UK postal organization. The analysis centres on vignettes of two cross-functional projects to develop product and service innovations that involved external design agencies. The data are based on observation of the marketing teams, semi-structured interviews, and documentary analysis. The study highlights that social practices characteristic of communities of practice are antecedent to the generation of absorptive capacity, but also shows that the learning produced by communities of practice is mediated by relations of power associated with these groups and interaction with organizational absorptive capacity. This paper develops the theory of absorptive capacity by shifting attention away from ‘prior knowledge’ in enabling acquisition of external knowledge to highlighting the role of intensive interaction, organizational context, and power relations in shaping knowledge creation for learning and innovation.
Native-speakerism and non-native second language teachers: A research agenda
Authors: Llurda Enric , Calvet-Terré Júlia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA lot of attention has been devoted in the last 30 years to understanding nativeness and what has traditionally been called non-nativeness. While many studies have attempted to problematize the dichotomic division between so-called native speakers and non-native speakers, several others have specifically focussed on the language teaching profession in order to understand aspects related to identity and performance of teachers who align with either one of those two categories. In this paper, we provide a brief overview of relevant literature published after Moussu and Llurda's (2008) state-of-the-art article and set out a series of tasks that we deem important in order to expand the field of research and cover areas that have not yet been sufficiently investigated. Those tasks are grouped into three sections that cover the main aspects that we perceive to be in need of attention: (1) debunking native-speakerism; (2) differences between native teachers and non-native teachers; and (3) languages other than English.
Newton–Euler modeling and Hamiltonians for robot control in the geometric algebra
Authors: Bayro-Corrochano Eduardo , Medrano-Hermosillo Jesus , Osuna-González Guillermo , Uriostegui-Legorreta Ulises 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe principal objective of the paper is to show the importance of the Hamiltonian in control theory. Instead of using the Lagrangian formulation of electromechanical or robotic systems, our work is focused on robot dynamics by its Hamiltonian. Using the iterative Newton–Euler, we generate the local Hamiltonians and the derivative of the moments at each joint of the robot manipulator. Thus, we can apply decentralized controllers at each joint. We compare and discuss the efficiency of the controllers. We show that the performance of the sliding modes controller is more robust than that of the PD or Bang–Bang controllers.
Assessing progression of health technology assessment implementation in Asia: a balanced scorecard for cross comparison of selected countries in Asia
Authors: Kumar Ritu , Suharlim Christian , Amaris Caruso Ana , Gilmartin Colin , Mehra Meenakshi , Castro Hector Eduardo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective
To provide an update on the use of health technology assessment (HTA) in Asia and lessons for countries seeking to advance HTA.

Methods
Build upon the research by Chootipongchaivat and the World Health Organization identifying eighteen “factors conducive to the development of HTA in Asia.” These factors were used to create a balanced scorecard to assess the progress of HTA, measuring progress against each factor in China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam. A scoring system was used wherein: 1, No progress; 2, milestone at early stages, ad hoc HTA use; 3, progress on milestone but limited impact; 4, significant progress but limited remit; and 5, significant progress on milestone, routine HTA informs decisions. Total scores indicated progress of HTA while milestone scores provided contextual insights within countries. Literature reviews and expert interviews were used to complete scorecards.

Results
South Korea and Thailand scored highest with seventy-three and seventy-one points, respectively, while Vietnam scored lowest at 28.5. Advanced HTA programs have independent HTA agencies with a broad remit, explicit process and methods, network of researchers, and routine use of HTA. Taiwan and Malaysia fall in a middle tier, with established HTA programs with limited remit. The final tier with China, India, Indonesia, Philippines, and Vietnam, emerging HTA processes.

Conclusions
Universal Health Coverage goals have catalyzed expansion of HTA. Political will, technical expertise, and sustained financing remain challenges for sustainable HTA programs. Legislation supporting HTA is helpful but political will is key. Recommendations for regional collaboration are provided.
Spatial growth rate of emerging SARS-CoV-2 lineages in England, September 2020–December 2021
Authors: Smallman-Raynor M. R. , Cliff A. D. ,   The COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper uses a robust method of spatial epidemiological analysis to assess the spatial growth rate of multiple lineages of SARS-CoV-2 in the local authority areas of England, September 2020–December 2021. Using the genomic surveillance records of the COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium, the analysis identifies a substantial (7.6-fold) difference in the average rate of spatial growth of 37 sample lineages, from the slowest (Delta AY.4.3) to the fastest (Omicron BA.1). Spatial growth of the Omicron (B.1.1.529 and BA) variant was found to be 2.81× faster than the Delta (B.1.617.2 and AY) variant and 3.76× faster than the Alpha (B.1.1.7 and Q) variant. In addition to AY.4.2 (a designated variant under investigation, VUI-21OCT-01), three Delta sublineages (AY.43, AY.98 and AY.120) were found to display a statistically faster rate of spatial growth than the parent lineage and would seem to merit further investigation. We suggest that the monitoring of spatial growth rates is a potentially valuable adjunct to outbreak response procedures for emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants in a defined population.
An ‘Execution’ at the Hofoper: Czech Perspectives on the Viennese Premiere of Dvořák'sThe Cunning Peasant
Authors: Branda Eva 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOn the score of hisSt Ludmilaoratorio, Dvořák scribbled: ‘completed in the days whenThe Cunning Peasantwas executed in Vienna’. Indeed, Dvořák's comic opera sparked a riot at its Hofoper premiere in 1885 and was met with harsh criticism in the Viennese press. David Brodbeck argues that the rioters were motivated to action not byThe Cunning Peasantitself, but by the composer's nationality. Likewise, Brodbeck shows that the opera's harshest Viennese critics belonged to a new generation of German liberals, who subscribed to an increasingly ethnic, rather than civic, view of nationalism and were thus predisposed to disapprove of any Dvořák opera because it was not German. Based on this analysis, it would appear that Dvořák's fate was sealed long before the first notes ofThe Cunning Peasantwere sounded at the Vienna Hofoper. This article builds on Brodbeck's claims, by exploring the Viennese scandal from the perspective of Czech critics, many of whom remained unconvinced that all Czech operas – whether by Dvořák or by another composer – would have been greeted with the same kind of disdain. In their view,The Cunning Peasantfailed because it was too overtly Czech for Vienna, having been designed for Prague's Provisional Theatre, and because it was insufficiently representative of Czech achievement in the genre, paling in comparison with the operas of Smetana. Rather than offering a more plausible explanation for the riot, the opinions articulated in the Prague press reveal much about the biases and motivations of the Czech critics themselves.
Single ventricular strain measures correlate with peak oxygen consumption in children and adolescents with Fontan circulation
Authors: Goudar Suma , Forsha Daniel , White David A. , Sherman Ashley , Shirali Girish 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroduction:Children with a single ventricle post-Fontan palliation are at increased risk of poor outcomes with peak oxygen consumption acting as a surrogate outcome marker. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between peak oxygen consumption and echocardiographic measures of ventricular function and deformation, including ventricular global longitudinal strain and dyssynchrony, in children and adolescents following Fontan palliation.Methods:Patients (age 8–21 years) with single ventricle post-Fontan palliation were prospectively recruited and participated in an echocardiogram, including views optimised for two-dimensional speckle tracking, and a cardiopulmonary exercise test on a cycle ergometer to maximal volitional fatigue.Results:Thirty-eight patients (mean age 13.7 ± 2.3 years) post-Fontan palliation had either a single left ventricular (n = 20), single right ventricular (n = 14), or biventricular (n = 4) morphology. Peak oxygen consumption (24.9 ± 5.6 ml/kg/minute) was correlated with global longitudinal strain (r = −0.435, p = 0.007), a strain discoordination time to peak index (r = −0.48, p = 0.003), and the presence of an electro-mechanical dyssynchrony strain pattern (p = 0.008). On multivariate regression modelling, these three variables were associated with peak oxygen consumption independently of age and sex. The single right ventricular group had evidence of possible diastolic dysfunction by E/e’ compared to the single left ventricular and biventricular groups (p = 0.001).Conclusions:Strain analysis measures are correlated with peak oxygen consumption in this cohort of children, adolescents, and young adults following Fontan palliation, suggesting that ventricular mechanics may influence the efficiency of the Fontan circulation.