bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How the COVID-19 pandemic has affected eating habits and physical activity in breast cancer survivors: the DianaWeb study
Authors: Acito Mattia , Rondini Tommaso , Gargano Giuliana , Moretti Massimo , Villarini Milena , Villarini Anna 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Breast cancer (BC) survivors are increasingly interested in learning about healthy lifestyles to reduce the risk of BC recurrence and mortality. The DianaWeb study, a community-based participatory research, offers BC patients a specific interactive website to help them in adopting and maintain correct lifestyles, in line with World Cancer Research Fund recommendations. However, to limit the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, most countries introduced restrictions which, inevitably, caused sudden lifestyle changes.
The current study aimed at evaluating changes in lifestyle in BC survivors before, during, and after the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We used data of 224 BC cancer survivors enrolled in the DianaWeb study. We evaluated the adherence to physical activity (PA) guidelines, to Mediterranean diet (MD), and WCRF recommendations, at baseline, during and after the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. We estimated the association between PA, MD, and WCRF adherence with sociodemographic characteristics, years from enrolment in the DianaWeb study, and type of breast cancer.

Results
As expected, during confinement periods, we observed a significant decrease in walking activity and in the percentage of patients performing vigorous PA. In post-quarantine, total weekly energy expenditure increased significantly. BC patients participating in the DianaWeb study for more than 3 years were more likely to be more active. There were no changes in MD and WCRF adherence.

Conclusions
Our results show that the proposed interactive website was useful in achieving durable lifestyle changes, that have not been undermined either during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Patient education is essential for guiding BC survivors toward improving their health outcomes; therefore, an interactive website like the one proposed by the DianaWeb study may be useful to improve healthy lifestyles.
LINC00460 Promotes Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression Through Stabilizing ELAVL1 Protein
Authors: Xue Chunli , Yang Zuxian , Yang Ben , Xiong Hailin , Ye Wei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLong intergenic noncoding ribonucleic acid (lncRNA) 460 is reportedly associated with carcinogenesis and progression in various types of cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying its action in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) remain unclear. LINC00460 mRNA expression was analysed using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Cell growth, migration, and invasion were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU), transwell migration and invasion assays after inducing LINC00460 knockdown. A xenograft tumour model was used to determine the effects of LINC00460 on tumour growth and metastasis in vivo. To examine the interaction between LINC00460 and ELAVL1, RNA pulldown and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were performed. LINC00460 was found to be significantly upregulated in CSCC tissues and cell lines. Functionally, LINC00460 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Consistent with this, when LINC00460 expression decreased, CSCC tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo were inhibited. Mechanistically, LINC00460 binds to embryonic lethal abnormal vision like RNA binding protein 1 (ELAVL1) and enhances its stability by inhibiting the β-transducin repeats-containing protein (β-TrCP)-mediated ubiquitination of ELAVL1. Moreover, the effect of LINC00460 silencing on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CSCC cells could be reversed by overexpressing ELAVL1. Our findings demonstrated that LINC00460 plays a critical role in regulating ELAVL1 function. This highlights the potential targets for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CSCC.
What are general models about?
Authors: Elliott-Graves Alkistis 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Models provide scientists with knowledge about target systems. An important group of models are those that are called general. However, what exactly is meant by generality in this context is somewhat unclear. The aim of this paper is to draw out a distinction between two notions of generality that has implications for scientific practice. Some models are general in the sense that they apply to many systems in the world and have many particular targets. Another sense is captured by models that are aimed at understanding the fundamental or underlying dynamics of a phenomenon, as opposed to how it manifests in each particular case. They have non-specific, i.e. generic targets. While both notions of generality and genericness are legitimate and correspond to different aspects of scientific practice, they must be distinguished. Failing to do so obscures the danger of overgeneralisation faced by general models and facilitates the illegitimate use of generic models as general models. This can lead to a reduction of the explanatory and predictive power of both.
Non-coding RNA regulation of integrins and their potential as therapeutic targets in cancer
Authors: Verhoeff Tristan Joseph , Holloway Adele F. , Dickinson Joanne L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Integrins are integral to cell signalling and management of the extracellular matrix, and exquisite regulation of their expression is essential for a variety of cell signalling pathways, whilst disordered regulation is a key driver of tumour progression and metastasis. Most recently non-coding RNAs in the form of micro-RNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) have emerged as a key mechanism by which tissue dependent gene expression is controlled. Whilst historically these molecules have been poorly understood, advances in ‘omic’ technologies and a greater understanding of non-coding regions of the genome have revealed that non-coding RNAs make up a large proportion of the transcriptome.

Conclusions and Perspectives
This review examines the regulation of integrin genes by ncRNAs, provides and overview of their mechanism of action and highlights how exploitation of these discoveries is informing the development of novel chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of cancer. MiRNA molecules have been the most extensively characterised and negatively regulate most integrin genes, classically regulating genes through binding to recognition sequences in the mRNA 3′-untranslated regions of gene transcripts. LncRNA mechanisms of action are now being elucidated and appear to be more varied and complex, and may counter miRNA molecules, directly engage integrin mRNA transcripts, and guide or block both transcription factors and epigenetic machinery at integrin promoters or at other points in integrin regulation. Integrins as therapeutic targets are of enormous interest given their roles as oncogenes in a variety of tumours, and emerging therapeutics mimicking ncRNA mechanisms of action are already being trialled.
Richards’s curve induced Banach space valued multivariate neural network approximation
Authors: Anastassiou George A. , Karateke Seda 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHere, we present multivariate quantitative approximations of Banach space valued continuous multivariate functions on a box or $${\mathbb {R}}^{N},$$

R

N

,

$$N\in {\mathbb {N}},$$

N
∈
N
,

by the multivariate normalized, quasi-interpolation, Kantorovich-type and quadrature-type neural network operators. We examine also the case of approximation by iterated operators of the last four types. These approximations are achieved by establishing multidimensional Jackson type inequalities involving the multivariate modulus of continuity of the engaged function or its high-order Fréchet derivatives. Our multivariate operators are defined using a multidimensional density function induced by the Richards’s curve, which is a generalized logistic function. The approximations are pointwise, uniform and $$L_{p}.$$

L
p

.

The related feed-forward neural network is with one hidden layer.
Demand Prediction and Optimal Allocation of Shared Bikes Around Urban Rail Transit Stations
Authors: Yu Liang , Feng Tao , Li Tie , Cheng Lei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe imbalance between the supply and demand of shared bikes is prominent in many urban rail transit stations, which urgently requires an efficient vehicle deployment strategy. In this paper, we propose an integrated model to optimize the deployment of shared bikes around urban rail transit stations, incorporating a seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average with long short-term memory (SARIMA-LSTM) hybrid model that is used to predict the heterogeneous demand for shared bikes in space and time. The shared bike deployment strategy was formulated based on the actual deployment process and under the principle of cost minimization involving labor and transportation. The model is applied using the big data of shared bikes in Xicheng District, Beijing. Results show that the SARIMA-LSTM hybrid model has great advantages in predicting the demand for shared bikes. The proposed allocation strategy provides a new way to solve the imbalance challenge between the supply and demand of shared bikes and contributes to the development of a sustainable transportation system.
Solution for the Dynamic Elastically Compressible Power-Law Strain Hardening Cylindrical Cavity-Expansion Problem
Authors: Warren T. L. , Johnsen J. , Kristoffersen M. , Børvik T. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract A closed form analytical solution for both the quasi-static or dynamic strain hardening cylindrical cavity-expansion (CCE) problems requires the plastic region to be incompressible. This is due to the fact that in both cases a hydrostatic stress state must be explicitly included in the strain hardening function, making an analytical solution intractable. Additionally, for the dynamic problem the elastic region must be compressible to avoid a logarithmic singularity at infinity. An alterative for the dynamic analytical formulation is to use the finite element method (FEM). With the FEM weak formulation, solutions for the radial stress at the cavity surface and the elastic–plastic interface interface velocity as functions of the cavity-expansion velocity can be obtained when both the strain hardening plastic and elastic regions are elastically compressible. In this study, a comparison is made using results from both analytical (strong formulations), and FE simulations for both strain hardening and perfectly plastic dynamic CCE problems. It is concluded that with increasing cavity-expansion velocities, the elastically compressible strain hardening FEM solution is less resistive than the corresponding closed form analytical solution with an incompressible plastic region. Additionally, it is shown that the elastic–plastic interface velocity asymptotes at the bulk wave speed for completely elastically compressible solutions. Furthermore, the completely elastically compressible solutions remain valid for cavity-expansion velocities beyond the critical cavity-expansion velocity associated with the closed-form analytical strain hardening solution.
Positivism and Unity
Authors: Yarom Meir H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article examines the grappling of modern positivists with the question of legal unity. It presents and contrasts two antagonistic positivist strands—naturalist and normativist—epitomized in the works of Austin and Kelsen, respectively. The two strands correspond to two contrasting models of legal authority—criterial and coherence-based—and they accordingly diverge on the proper explanation of unity. Naturalist, criterial models purport to explain the unity of law based on extra-legal facts alone; normativist, coherence-based models resort strictly to the interrelation of legal elements themselves. Against this backdrop, the article argues that Raz’s work on the subject is torn between Austin and Kelsen: While his naturalist ancestors accounted for legal unity externally, Raz’s prominent works are captivated by the Kelsenian realization that the unity of law must be accounted for internally. Two central upshots follow. First, the analysis provides a litmus test for the (in)ability of naturalist positivism to explain legal unity. Second, Raz’s strategic reliance on Kelsen distorts his work: Both the Grundnorm and validity chains are upended to fit Raz’s naturalist commitments.
The Proximity of Disaster Experiences and Financial Preparedness for Emergencies in the US
Authors: Feng Guanggang , Cong Zhen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective:
This study investigated how the proximity of disaster experience was associated with financial preparedness for emergencies.

Methods:
The data used were from the 2018 National Household Survey, which was administered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency. The working sample included 4779 respondents.

Results:
Logistic Regression showed that the likelihood of setting aside emergency funds tended to be the highest between 2-5 years after experiencing a disaster, which declined slightly but persisted even after 16 years. Recent disaster experience within 1 year did not show a significant impact, indicating a period of substantial needs. However, the proximity of disaster experience did not significantly affect the amount of money set aside.

Conclusion:
It is suspected that increased risk perception related to previous experiences of disasters is more relevant to the likelihood of preparing financially; whereas other capacity-related factors such as income and having a disability have more effect on the amount of money set aside.
A hypervolume approach to niche specialism, tested for the old-growth indicator status of calicioids
Authors: Ellis Christopher J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCertain lichen epiphytes are restricted to old-growth forest stands with long ‘ecological continuity’, explained by i) niche specialism and their dependence on microhabitats associated with old stands including veteran or senescent trees, and/or ii) dispersal limitation with probabilities of colonization being relaxed over extended time periods. ‘Calicioid’ species are among the most important old-growth indicators, yet they reproduce sexually via small spores that appear widely dispersed at ecological scales. This suggests that they should have a high level of niche specialism compared to lichen epiphytes in general, explaining their role as old-growth indicators. However, comparisons of niche specialism are challenging, and this study uses epiphytic, corticolous calicioid species as an appropriate test case. Having measured 20 variables that constrain the lichen epiphyte niche, these were collapsed into a ‘hypervolume’ representing the sampled environmental space available for occupancy by lichens in Scotland as a study system. It was then possible to examine the occupancy of this hypervolume by individual lichens (niche breadth), with the proportion/percent occupied used to estimate a niche specialism score. Consequently, epiphyte calicioid species are confirmed to have a high degree of niche specialism compared to lichen epiphytes in general, and compared to other old-growth indicators, with their niche position directed towards drier climates including locally sheltered microhabitats associated with old-growth forest structure.
The association between persistent cognitive difficulties and depression and functional outcomes in people with major depressive disorder
Authors: Matcham F. , Simblett S. K. , Leightley D. , Dalby M. , Siddi S. , Haro J. M. , Lamers F. , Penninx B. W. H. J. , Bruce S. , Nica R. , Zormpas S. , Gilpin G. , White K. M. , Oetzmann C. , Annas P. , Brasen J. C. , Narayan V. A. , Hotopf M. , Wykes T. ,   for the RADAR-CNS consortium
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundCognitive symptoms are common during and following episodes of depression. Little is known about the persistence of self-reported and performance-based cognition with depression and functional outcomes.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of a prospective naturalistic observational clinical cohort study of individuals with recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD;N= 623). Participants completed app-based self-reported and performance-based cognitive function assessments alongside validated measures of depression, functional disability, and self-esteem every 3 months. Participants were followed-up for a maximum of 2-years. Multilevel hierarchically nested modelling was employed to explore between- and within-participant variation over time to identify whether persistent cognitive difficulties are related to levels of depression and functional impairment during follow-up.Results508 individuals (81.5%) provided data (mean age: 46.6,s.d.: 15.6; 76.2% female). Increasing persistence of self-reported cognitive difficulty was associated with higher levels of depression and functional impairment throughout the follow-up. In comparison to low persistence of objective cognitive difficulty (<25% of timepoints), those with high persistence (>75% of timepoints) reported significantly higher levels of depression (B= 5.17,s.e.= 2.21,p= 0.019) and functional impairment (B= 4.82,s.e.= 1.79,p= 0.002) over time. Examination of the individual cognitive modules shows that persistently impaired executive function is associated with worse functioning, and poor processing speed is particularly important for worsened depressive symptoms.ConclusionsWe replicated previous findings of greater persistence of cognitive difficulty with increasing severity of depression and further demonstrate that these cognitive difficulties are associated with pervasive functional disability. Difficulties with cognition may be an indicator and target for further treatment input.
Recognising ligamentous atresia in double aortic arch
Authors: Bendrick Tyler , Polito Dillon , Richardson Randy , Anderson Robert H. , Prasad Deepa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLigamentous atresia of the left side of a double arch distal to the left subclavian artery is a rare form of vascular ring, which can easily be confused, on transthoracic echocardiography, with the right-sided aortic arch when there is mirror-imaged branching. Because of its rapid acquisition, computed tomographic angiography with three-dimensional reconstruction has now become the modality of choice for accurate diagnosis of the various forms of double aortic arch. It can be performed without sedation in any age group, including neonates. It provides excellent visualisation of the aortic arch and its branching pattern, thus permitting accurate diagnosis and surgical planning. We present a case series of six children with this rare vascular ring assessed using CT, highlighting their outcomes.
Sleep and Daily Positive Emotions – Is Heart Rate Variability a Mediator?
Authors: Ballesio Andrea , Zagaria Andrea , Salaris Andrea , Terrasi Michela , Lombardo Caterina , Ottaviani Cristina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract: Sleep quality is considered a basic dimension of emotional health. The psychophysiological mechanisms underlying the associations between sleep quality and positive emotions are still largely unknown, yet autonomic regulation may play a role. This study employed a two-day ecological momentary assessment methodology in a sample of young adults to investigate whether subjective sleep quality reported in the morning was associated with daily positive emotional experience and whether this association was mediated by heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of cardiac vagal tone. Sleep quality was assessed using an electronic sleep diary upon awakening, while resting HRV and positive emotions were inspected at random times throughout the day using photoplethysmography and an electronic diary, respectively. Relevant confounding variables such as smoking, alcohol intake, and physical exercise between each measurement were also assessed. The sample included 121 participants (64.8% females, Mage = 25.97 ± 5.32 years). After controlling for relevant confounders including health behaviors and psychiatric comorbidities, mediation analysis revealed that greater sleep quality positively predicted daily HRV (β = .289, p < .001) which, in turn, had a direct influence on positive emotions (β = .244, p = .006). Also, sleep quality directly predicted positive emotional experience (β = .272, p = .001). Lastly, the model showed an indirect effect between sleep quality and positive emotions via HRV (β = .071, 95% BCI [.011, .146]). Results support the view of HRV as a process variable linking sleep to positive emotions. Experimental data is needed to consolidate the present findings.
Use of Hydrological Models in Global Stochastic Flood Modeling
Authors: Olcese Gaia , Bates Paul D. , Neal Jeffrey C. , Sampson Christopher C. , Wing Oliver E. J. , Quinn Niall , Beck Hylke E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTypical flood models do not take into consideration the spatial structure of flood events, which can lead to errors in the estimation of flood risk at regional to continental scales. Large‐scale stochastic flood models can simulate synthetic flood events with a realistic spatial structure, although this method is limited by the availability of gauge data. Simulated discharge from global hydrological models has been successfully used to drive stochastic modeling in data‐rich areas. This research evaluates the use of discharge hindcasts from global hydrological models in building stochastic river flood models globally: synthetic flood events in different regions of the world (Australia, South Africa, South America, Malaysia, Thailand, and Europe) are simulated using both gauged and modeled discharge. By comparing them, we analyze how a model‐based approach can simulate spatial dependency in large‐scale flood modeling. The results show a promising performance of the model‐based approach, with errors comparable to those obtained over data‐rich sites: a model‐based approach simulates the joint occurrence of relative flow exceedances at two given locations similarly to when a gauge‐based statistical model is used. This suggests that a network of synthetic gauge data derived from global hydrological models would allow the development of a stochastic flood model with detailed spatial dependency, generating realistic event sets in data‐scarce regions and loss exceedance curves where exposure data are available.