bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simple combined projection method for conservative decision-making
Authors: Cui Honglei , Xu Libo , Pang Chaoyi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMachine learning and artificial intelligence based techniques have brought great convenience to human life but along with a series of algorithmic “black box”, discrimination and ethical issues. One of the solutions is to integrate human and machine like the expert evaluation based research of multi-attribute decision-making where “human brain intelligence” is used for the support of “artificial intelligence”. In this article, we proposed a new and effective method to evaluate and rank alternatives in multi-attribute decision-making. Different from many existing approaches, this proposed method employs both the projection lengths and the projection angles of alternatives to make decisions. It supports psychological desirableness of decision makers and uses a Relu function to further enhance the output qualities. This proposed method is very simple to construct and applicable for much wider situations than the existing similar methods.
Robotic vs laparoscopic approach for single anastomosis duodenal-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy: a propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Pennestrì Francesco , Sessa Luca , Prioli Francesca , Gallucci Pierpaolo , Ciccoritti Luigi , Greco Francesco , De Crea Carmela , Raffaelli Marco 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBiliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch and single anastomosis duodenal-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) are technically demanding hypo-absorptive bariatric procedures. They are often indicated in superobese patients (BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2), as robotic platform could improve ergonomics against a thick abdominal wall, preventing bending of instruments and simplifying hand-sewn anastomoses. We aimed to report our experience with robotic SADI-S (R-group) and to compare outcomes with the laparoscopic (L-group) approach. Among 2143 patients who underwent bariatric procedures at our institution between July 2016 and June 2021, 116 (5.4%) consenting patients were scheduled for SADI-S as primary or revisional procedure: 94 L-group, 22 R-group. R-group and L-group patients were matched using PSM analysis to overcome patients selection bias. Postoperative complications, operative time (OT), post-operative stay (POS) and follow-up data were compared. After PSM, 44 patients (22 patients for each group) were compared (Chi-square 0.317, p = 0.985). Median age, gender, median BMI, preoperative rates of comorbidities, previous abdominal bariatric and non-bariatric surgeries and type of surgical procedures (SADI-S/SADI) were comparable. Median OT was shorter in the L-group (130 Vs 191 min, p < 0.001). 30-days’ re-operative complications and late complications rates were comparable. At 25-months’ mean follow-up, the median Percentage Excess Weight Loss (72%) was comparable between the groups (p = 0.989). L-group and R-group were comparable in terms of re-operative complication rate and short-term outcomes. The robotic platform may increase the rate of single step procedure in challenging cases. Larger studies with longer follow-up and cost-analysis are necessary to draw definitive conclusions.
Maximal subgroups of small index of finite almost simple groups
Authors: Ballester-Bolinches Adolfo , Esteban-Romero Ramón , Jiménez-Seral Paz 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe prove in this paper that every almost simple group R with socle isomorphic to a simple group S possesses a conjugacy class of core-free maximal subgroups whose index coincides with the smallest index $${{\,\mathrm{l}\,}}(S)$$

l

(
S
)

of a maximal subgroup of S or a conjugacy class of core-free maximal subgroups with a fixed index $$v_S\le {{\,\mathrm{l}\,}}(S)^2$$

v
S

≤

l

(
S
)

2

, depending only on S. We also prove that the number of subgroups of the outer automorphism group of S is bounded by $$\log ^3{{{\,\mathrm{l}\,}}(S)}$$

log
3

l

(
S
)

and $${{\,\mathrm{l}\,}}(S)^2< |S|$$

l

(
S
)

2

<

|
S
|

.
Five cases of skin desquamation due to bevacizumab combined with docetaxel-carboplatin in ovarian cancer
Authors: Tokunaga Megumi , Nawata Shuichi , Komoto Takayuki , Mathuura Rei , Ichikura Daisuke , Watanabe Toru , Sasaki Tadanori 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe standard of care for ovarian cancer chemotherapy is paclitaxel-carboplatin. In Stage III and Stage IV patients, the addition of bevacizumab has been reported to be effective, and bevacizumab combined with paclitaxel-carboplatin and bevacizumab combined with docetaxel-carboplatin are used. Patients who received bevacizumab combined with docetaxel-carboplatin experienced a high incidence of skin hardening followed by peeling. In patients treated with bevacizumab combined with docetaxel-carboplatin, we experienced a high incidence of post-sclerotic peeling of the skin, a symptom that is rarely seen with paclitaxel-carboplatin (TC), docetaxel-carboplatin (DC), or bevacizumab combined with paclitaxel-carboplatin, and has been reported in a few cases. Therefore, we investigated the actual situation of skin desquamation caused by bevacizumab combined with docetaxel-carboplatin. Thirty-one patients were included in the study, and their age (mean ± SD) was 62.9 ± 9.0. The breakdown of treatment was as follows: TC in nine patients, bevacizumab combined with paclitaxel-carboplatin in ten patients, DC in six patients, and bevacizumab combined with docetaxel-carboplatin in six patients. No number of patients with TC or bevacizumab combined with paclitaxel-carboplatin showed skin desquamation. One for DC, and five for bevacizumab combined with docetaxel-carboplatin. The five patients treated with bevacizumab combined with docetaxel-carboplatin improved with topical steroids and moisturizers, but symptoms repeatedly appeared after each course. Skin desquamation was more frequent in bevacizumab combined with docetaxel-carboplatin.
Too much of a good thing? Russia-EU international trade relations at times of war
Authors: Tajoli Lucia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the evolution of Russia’s position in the world trade system, especially in relation to the European Union (EU). Data show that after entering into the WTO, Russia did not use this accession to develop and diversify trade flows (like China did, for example) but it augmented its specialization in fuels and raw materials, increasing its dependency on the rest of the world, and especially on European demand. Russia did not exploit its trade potential and its favorable geographic position to foster its economic development and to improve the welfare of its population. At the same time, the integration within the European Single Market and with the rest of the world both for older and new EU member formerly linked to the Soviet Union, has helped the EU to maintain high standards of living, and a relative stability, even if increasing its dependency on Russian fuels. We argue that it is also because of these differences and the related economic problems that tensions between Russia and the EU grew over time.
Stress-adapted fiber orientation along the principal stress directions for continuous fiber-reinforced material extrusion
Authors: Heitkamp Tim , Kuschmitz Sebastian , Girnth Simon , Marx Justin-Dean , Klawitter Günter , Waldt Nils , Vietor Thomas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA proven method to enhance the mechanical properties of additively manufactured plastic parts is the embedding of continuous fibers. Due to its great flexibility, continuous fiber-reinforced material extrusion allows fiber strands to be deposited along optimized paths. Nevertheless, the fibers have so far been embedded in the parts contour-based or on the basis of regular patterns. The outstanding strength and stiffness properties of the fibers in the longitudinal direction cannot be optimally utilized. Therefore, a method is proposed which allows to embed fibers along the principal stresses into the parts in a load-oriented manner. A G-code is generated from the calculated principal stress trajectories and the part geometry, which also takes into account the specific restrictions of the manufacturing technology used. A distinction is made between fiber paths and the matrix so that the average fiber volume content can be set in a defined way. To determine the mechanical properties, tensile and flexural tests are carried out on specimens consisting of carbon fiber-reinforced polyamide. In order to increase the influence of the principal stress-based fiber orientation, open-hole plates are used for the tensile tests, as this leads to variable stresses across the cross section. In addition, a digital image correlation system is used to determine the deformations during the mechanical tests. It was found that the peak load of the optimized open-hole plates was greater by a factor of 3 and the optimized flexural specimens by a factor of 1.9 than the comparison specimens with unidirectional fiber alignment.
Valence skipping phenomena, charge Kondo effect, and superconductivity
Authors: Matsuura Hiroyasu , Mukuda Hidekazu , Miyake Kazumasa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe review a recent progress of a superconductivity and a charge Kondo effect mediated by valence skippers which are elements skipping the valence state. To understand the valence skipping phenomenon, we introduce a negative-U effect phenomenologically, and we show an origin of the negative-U effect, a superconductivity and charge Kondo effect based on the negative-U effect. We also show a new mechanism in which the valence skipping phenomenon and charge Kondo effect are understood unifiedly by the pair hopping interaction. As an experimental progress, we review a charge Kondo effect and a superconductivity discovered in Tl-doped PbTe. Especially, we focus on a drastic increase of the inverse of the relaxation time (1/T1) observed around the Kondo temperature by the nuclear magnetic resonance experiment, and we suggest a possible theoretical scenario on the basis of the effective model with the pair hopping interaction. Finally, we discuss the related materials, and describe the perspective of valence skipping phenomenon.
Improved Approximation Scales for Unreplicated Factorial Experiments
Authors: Aboukalam F. , Alharbi M. , Bhatti M. Ishaq 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAssessing the sizes of active contrasts in un-replicated factorial and fractional factorial experiments by quick and powerful methods are required in analyzing the big data in various research areas of Human endeavors. One of the old methods based on Lenth (1989) is being used in some statistical and data analytical applications which is fast and less efficient. We propose a new class of tests which are simpler, faster, and more powerful using the location median-function ($${\psi }_{med}\left({\varvec{x}}\right)$$

ψ

med

x

) after being skipped one and/or two times. An empirical study of simulation experiments to compute the critical values, sizes and powers using various sample sizes demonstrate the superiority of our methods. The proposed methods are illustrated in examples which can be employed in various fields of research in conducting data analytics using high computing power and machine learning.
Sexually Induced Orgasm to Improve Postpartum Pelvic Floor Muscle Strength and Sexual Function in Primiparous Women After Vaginal Delivery: A Prospective Randomized Two-Arm Study
Authors: Bhat Gajanan S. , Shastry Anuradha 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPostpartum pelvic floor dysfunction is known to affect the quality of life of women and the methods to treat it are more complex with majority requiring training under supervision.AimTo compare the efficacy of sexually induced orgasm along with Kegels exercises versus Kegels exercises alone as a treatment method to enhance postpartum pelvic floor muscle strength and sexual function in primiparous women undergoing uncomplicated vaginal deliveries.MethodsThe prospective randomized two-arm study was conducted on sexually active primiparous women who had undergone uncomplicated vaginal deliveries. Those with risk factors for female sexual dysfunction and pelvic floor muscle dysfunction were excluded. Participants in Group 1 were advised daily Kegel's exercises, whereas, those in Group 2 were advised to initiate self-initiated/partnered sexual activity-induced orgasms along with daily Kegel's exercises. Their pelvic floor muscle strength on voluntary contraction, ability to relax pelvic floor voluntarily, and sexual function (using FSFI-6) were assessed monthly for 6 months and the analysis was done using G* Power software (© 2021 Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Germany).Main Outcome MeasurePostpartum pelvic floor strength and sexual function in 2 groups of women under study.ResultsThe study period was from January 2020 to December 2020. The Group 1 had 26 participants (mean age 29.69 ± 2.2 years) and Group 2 had 29 participants (mean age 30.07 ± 2.57 years). The sexual function as well as ability to relax pelvic floor were significantly better in Group 2 compared to Group 1 at each monthly intervals whereas strength of pelvic floor muscles during voluntary contraction was significantly higher in Group 2 compared to Group 1 at the end of 6 months and it was statistically significant at a P value of .05.Clinical ImplicationsNovel method of using naturally occurring sexually induced orgasms for postpartum pelvic floor rehabilitation can revolutionize postpartum pelvic floor training in women, as it can be practiced at home with ease, along with easily performable Kegel's exercises.Strengths and LimitationsUse of prospective randomization and minimization of confounding factors is the strength of the study. The small sample size is the limitation of the study.ConclusionsPostpartum pelvic floor muscle strength and sexual function in primiparous women who have undergone uncomplicated vaginal deliveries can be significantly improved with the addition of sexually induced orgasm as a therapeutic tool along with physical exercises such as Kegels exercises in these women.
GeoBERTSegmenter: Word Segmentation of Chinese Texts in the Geoscience Domain Using the Improved BERT Model
Authors: Wei Dongqi , Liu Zhihao , Xu Dexin , Ma Kai , Tao Liufeng , Xie Zhong , Qiu Qinjun , Pan Shengyong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnlike English, there is no natural separator‐like gap between words in Chinese, which makes Chinese word segmentation (CWS) a difficult information processing problem. At present, geological texts contain a large number of unregistered geological terms, and the existing rule‐based methods and machine‐learning and deep learning algorithms still cannot be used to solve the problem of word segmentation in geosciences, especially for the large number of unregistered words. In this study, we propose GeoBERTSegmenter, which is a GeoBERT‐based (Geoscience‐Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers) CWS model that is specifically designed with various linguistic irregularities in mind. In this method, a general model is extended to a BERT bidirectional recurrent neural network (BiLSTM) and conditional random field (GeoBERT + BiLSTM + CRF) model with a number of features designed to address the CWS task in geological text. We also train a pretrained language model named GeoBERT on a geological domain that is based on a large amount of Chinese geological text. In open testing, a precision of 94.77%, recall of 96.31% and F1 of 95.44%, are obtained, indicating that the proposed strategy performs much better than alternative methods in our study. In this study, unregistered geological terms can be effectively identified, and the recognition rate of common words is ensured, which lays the foundation for natural language processing in the domain of geoscience through Chinese text word segmentation.
Textures Induced by the Coesite‐Stishovite Transition and Implications for the Visibility of the X‐Discontinuity
Authors: Krug Matthias , Saki Morvarid , Ledoux Estelle , Gay Jeffrey P. , Chantel Julien , Pakhomova Anna , Husband Rachel , Rohrbach Arno , Klemme Stephan , Thomas Christine , Merkel Sébastien , Sanchez‐Valle Carmen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe coesite‐stishovite phase transition is considered the most plausible candidate to explain the X‐discontinuity observed at around 300 km depth in a variety of tectonic settings. Here, we investigate the microstructure in SiO2 across the coesite‐stishovite transition in uniaxial compression experiments. We apply the multigrain crystallography technique (MGC) in a laser‐heated diamond‐anvil cell (LH‐DAC) to identify the seismic signature of the transition and the amount of SiO2 in the mantle. While coesite displays weak lattice‐preferred orientations (LPO) before the transition, stishovite develops strong LPO characterized by the alignment of [112] axes parallel to the compression direction. However, LPO has little effect on the impedance contrast across the transition, which is up to 8.8% for S‐waves in a mid‐ocean ridge basalt (MORB) composition at 300 km depth along a normal mantle geotherm, 10 GPa‐1700 K. Therefore, 10–50 vol.% of a MORB component, corresponding to 0.6–3.2 vol.% SiO2, mechanically mixed with the pyrolytic mantle would be required to explain the range of impedance (and velocity) contrasts observed for the X‐discontinuity. Based on the reflection coefficients computed for the coesite‐stishovite transition, we show that the incidence angle or epicentral distance is critical for the detection of silica‐containing lithologies in the upper mantle, with highest detection probabilities for small incidence angles. The intermittent visibility of the X‐discontinuity may thus be explained by the seismic detectability of the coesite‐stishovite transition rather than by absence of the transition or chemical heterogeneities in some specific tectonic settings.
A Survey of Electron Conics at Jupiter Utilizing the JADE‐E Data During Science Orbits 01, 03‐30
Authors: Muñoz J. R. , Allegrini F. , Ebert R. W. , Wilson R. J. , Szalay J. R. , Menietti J. D. , Louarn P. , Bolton S. J. , Connerney J. E. P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe present a survey of electron conics over Jupiter's high latitude regions utilizing 22.6 hr of data from the Jovian Auroral Distribution Experiment electron instrument aboard NASA's Juno spacecraft during science orbits 01 and 03‐30. We observed electron conics for about 2.5% of this time and characterized them into three types based on their direction of motion along Jupiter's magnetic field lines: upward, downward, and bidirectional. We observed the upward electron conics most often and at energies of 0.057–80.1 keV, while we observed the downward electron conics least often and at energies of 0.073–1.2 keV. We observed bidirectional electron conics mostly around the same times and places as the upward electron conics having energies of 0.081–49.6 keV. We observed all electron conic types to occur mostly at altitudes 0.3–0.4 RJ and local times 15–16 hr. Furthermore, we observed all electron conic types to have energies greater than 0.7 keV below an altitude of 0.5 RJ and over the main auroral region.
FARWEST: Efficient Computation of Wave‐Particle Interactions for a Dynamic Description of the Electron Radiation Belt Diffusion
Authors: Dahmen Nour , Sicard Angélica , Brunet Antoine , Santolik Ondrej , Pierrard Viviane , Botek Edith , Darrouzet Fabien , Katsavrias Christos 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we present a new method to compute rapidly, wave particle interaction induced pitch angle and momentum diffusion coefficients. Those terms are normally obtained by the numerical solving of equations based on the quasi‐linear theory. However, this bulk resolution leads to a high computational cost, preventing the integration of plasma density and VLF waves nowcasts and forecasts. Therefore, and in the context of the SAFESPACE project (H2020), we implemented a new wave particle interaction code called FARWEST (FAst Radiation diffusion with Waves ESTimator), with an efficient interpolation based method. The proposed implementation was validated against reference results obtained by WAPI, ONERA's wave particle interaction legacy code, with a substantial reduction of the computing time while conserving the physical accuracy of the generated coefficients. The FARWEST code is later used to measure the impact of a time‐dependent plasma density distribution (numerically computed by BIRA's plasmaspheric model SPM) on the coefficients and on the representation of the electron flux map by Salammbô, ONERA's radiation belt code.
Energy Spectra Variations of Energetic Ions Associated With a Stream Interaction Region
Authors: Wei Wenwen , Zhuang Bin , Huang Jia , Shen Fang , Zhao Lulu , Liu Mingzhe , Zhang Xiaoxin , Feng Xueshang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the evolution of energetic particles in the heliosphere is one of the most outstanding topics in heliophysics studies. The spectra of energetic particles are pivotal to investigate their origin, acceleration and transport processes. Using STEREO A data, we investigate an intensity enhancement of energetic ions associated with a stream interaction region (SIR) during the decay phase of a gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) event. We find the SIR has fine structures include the stream interface (SI) and a forward‐reverse shock pair, and the energy spectra of energetic ion intensities show complex variations around them. Furthermore, we compare the ions' energy spectra in different regions of the SIR. The results show that this SIR is capable of accelerating protons to about 35 MeV nuc−1, which is about two times of the upper limit of the energy as identified by previous observations, but they are still of the same order. We suggest this may be explained by the fact that the SIR could further accelerate the remnant lower energy ions from the gradual SEP event to higher energies. Moreover, the energetic ions in the SIR event have two populations that are accelerated by shock‐associated and non‐shock‐associated mechanisms, respectively. In addition, the ion intensity exhibits significant directional anisotropies during this SIR event, which may be a result of the combined influence of the transport effect, shock, and the intervening small flux rope.
Determining the Origin of Tidal Oscillations in the Ionospheric Transition Region With EISCAT Radar and Global Simulation Data
Authors: Günzkofer F. , Pokhotelov D. , Stober G. , Liu H. , Liu H.‐L. , Mitchell N. J. , Tjulin A. , Borries C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAt high‐latitudes, diurnal and semidiurnal variations of temperature and neutral wind velocity can originate both in the lower atmosphere (UV or infrared absorption) and in the thermosphere‐ionosphere (ion convection, EUV absorption). Determining the relative impact of different forcing mechanisms gives insight to the vertical coupling in the ionosphere. We analyze measurements from the incoherent scatter radar (ISR) facility operated by the EISCAT Scientific Association. They are complemented by meteor radar data and compared to global circulation models. The amplitudes and phases of tidal oscillations are determined by an adaptive spectral filter (ASF). Measurements indicate the existence of strong semidiurnal oscillations in a two‐band structure at altitudes ≲110 and ≳130 km, respectively. Analysis of several model runs with different input settings suggest the upper band to be forced in situ while the lower band corresponds to upward‐propagating tides from the lower atmosphere. This indicates the existence of an unexpectedly strong, in situ forcing mechanism for semidiurnal oscillations in the high‐latitude thermosphere. It is shown that the actual transition of tides in the altitude region between 90 and 150 km is more complex than described so far.