bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding land use/land cover and climate change impacts on hydrological components of Usri watershed, India
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Denis Derrick M. , Kundu Arnab , Joshi Nitin , Suryavanshi Shakti 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLand use/cover (LULC) and climate are significant environmental factors that influence watershed hydrology across the globe. The present study attempts to understand the consequences of existing changing patterns of climate and LULC on the hydrology of the Usri watershed. Different water balance components were simulated using a semi-distributed Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. Sixteen scenarios were generated using combinations of four periods of climatic data (1974–84; 1985–1995; 1996–2006 and 2007–2016) and four sets of land use maps (1976; 1989; 2000 and 2014). The SWAT model performed well for monthly stream flows during calibration and validation. The study finds that the individual impact of LULC change contributes to increase in the streamflow and decrease in evapotranspiration (ET) primarily due to increase in urbanization and decrease in water bodies, forest cover and barren land of Usri watershed. The combined impact of climatic variations and land use change reveals complex interactions. The study provides insight into hydrological response to variations in climate and land use changes in Usri watershed in recent decades. The results of this study can be beneficial to the authorities, decision-makers, water resource engineers and planners for the best water resource management approaches in the perspective of climate change and LULC transformation of similar ecological regions as that of Usri.
Assessment of groundwater potential zone using MCDA and AHP techniques: case study from a tropical river basin of India
Authors: Ghosh Anitabha , Adhikary Partha Pratim , Bera Biswajit , Bhunia Gouri Sankar , Shit Pravat Kumar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractShortage of potable water is a global problem, and this problem can be met by searching new areas where groundwater is available. GIS is an effective and necessary tool to identify groundwater potential zones in an area. In the present study, groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) were identified in the Kangsabati River basin of east India having an area of about 6488 km2using multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The criteria like geology, geomorphology, elevation, slope, drainage, lineament, curvature, topographic wetness, land use/land cover, and soil were extracted from satellite data and the weights for each parameter and its sub-parameters were assigned through analytical hierarchy process based on their respective relevance as influencing factors for groundwater recharge. Very low, low, moderate, high, and very high groundwater potentiality represent 28.93%, 30.56%, 19.75%, 14.62%, and 6.11% area, respectively. The low-lying flat plains of the southeastern section, as well as the centrally located dam, are ideal for groundwater recharge, while the upland plain of the northwestern part, with its hard rock terrain, is less so. This outcome has been verified using pre-monsoon and post-monsoon groundwater depth data, indicating that the strategy is most appropriate for this region. Thus, the groundwater potential zone maps remain very useful for conducting extensive ground-based hydrogeological studies that facilitate the identification of suitable bore well/dug well sites.
BMP4 preserves the developmental potential of mESCs through Ube2s- and Chmp4b-mediated chromosomal stability safeguarding
Authors: Wang Mingzhu , Zhao Kun , Liu Meng , Wang Mengting , Qiao Zhibin , Yi Shanru , Jiang Yonghua , Kou Xiaochen , Zhao Yanhong , Yin Jiqing , Li Tianming , Wang Hong , Jiang Cizhong , Gao Shaorong , Chen Jiayu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChemically defined medium is widely used for culturing mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), in which N2B27 works as a substitution for serum, and GSK3β and MEK inhibitors (2i) help to promote ground-state pluripotency. However, recent studies suggested that MEKi might cause irreversible defects that compromise the developmental potential of mESCs. Here, we demonstrated the deficient bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signal in the chemically defined condition is one of the main causes for the impaired pluripotency. Mechanistically, activating the BMP signal pathway by BMP4 could safeguard the chromosomal integrity and proliferation capacity of mESCs through regulating downstream targets Ube2s and Chmp4b. More importantly, BMP4 promotes a distinct in vivo developmental potential and a long-term pluripotency preservation. Besides, the pluripotent improvements driven by BMP4 are superior to those by attenuating MEK suppression. Taken together, our study shows appropriate activation of BMP signal is essential for regulating functional pluripotency and reveals that BMP4 should be applied in the serum-free culture system.
Crystal structure and enhanced microwave dielectric properties of the Ce2[Zr1−x(Al1/2Ta1/2)x]3(MoO4)9 ceramics at microwave frequency
Authors: Feng Chao , Zhou Xu , Tao Bingjing , Wu Haitao , Huang Shifeng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDense microwave dielectric ceramics of Ce2[Zr1−x(Al1/2Ta1/2)x]3(MoO4)9 (CZMAT) (x = 0.02–0.10) were prepared by the conventional solid-state route. The effects of (Al1/2Ta1/2)4+ on their microstructures, sintering behaviors, and microwave dielectric properties were systematically investigated. On the basis of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) results, all the samples were matched well with Pr2Zr3(MoO4)9 structures, which belonged to the space group $$R\bar 3c$$

R

3
¯

c

. The lattice parameters were obtained using the Rietveld refinement method. The correlations between the chemical bond parameters and microwave dielectric properties were calculated and analyzed by using the Phillips—Van Vechten—Levine (P—V—L) theory. Excellent dielectric properties of Ce2[Zr0.94(Al1/2Ta1/2)0.06]3(MoO4)9 with a relative permittivity (εr) of 10.46, quality factor (Q × f) of 83,796 GHz, and temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf) of −11.50 ppm/°C were achieved at 850 °C.
Thermal conductivity of boron carbide under fast neutron irradiation
Authors: Qu Zhixue , Yu Chuanjin , Wei Yitong , Su Xiping , Du Aibing 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDue to the complex products and irradiation-induced defects, it is hard to understand and even predict the thermal conductivity variation of materials under fast neutron irradiation, such as the abrupt degradation of thermal conductivity of boron carbide (B4C) at the very beginning of the irradiation process. In this work, the contributions of various irradiation-induced defects in B4C primarily consisting of the substitutional defects, Frenkel defect pairs, and helium bubbles were re-evaluated separately and quantitatively in terms of the phonon scattering theory. A theoretical model with an overall consideration of the contributions of all these irradiation-induced defects was proposed without any adjustable parameters, and validated to predict the thermal conductivity variation under irradiation based on the experimental data of the unirradiated, irradiated, and annealed B4C samples. The predicted thermal conductivities by this model show a good agreement with the experimental data after irradiation. The calculation results and theoretical analysis in light of the experimental data demonstrate that the substitutional defects of boron atoms by lithium atoms, and the Frenkel defect pairs due to the collisions with the fast neutrons, rather than the helium bubbles with strain fields surrounding them, play determining roles in the abrupt degradation of thermal conductivity with burnup.
Rail temperature variation under heavy haul operations
Authors: Bosomworth Chris , Spiryagin Maksym , Alahakoon Sanath , Cole Colin , Sneath Ben , Makin Bruce 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThere currently does not exist in industry a reliable method for the detection of rail foot flaws. Like their head-based counterparts, foot flaws result in broken rail with potentially catastrophic consequences. A proposed area of research for the detection of these flaws is thermography, a non-contact method of measuring and analysing infrared emissions from an object under test. In industry, active excitation thermography is the most common, requiring an excitation source. This paper will present a temperature measurement system and a method of transient temperature extraction from the running rails for the effects of a passing train to evaluate heat transfer in the practical rail environment. The outcomes of these results will provide future direction in the development of a rail heat transfer model and determine if train passage provides enough active excitation for a thermography-based detection technique.
Part II: Insect allergies—Inhalation and ingestion
Authors: Guillet Carole , Martin Oliver Yves , Meincke Cordula , Joerg Lukas , Schmid-Grendelmeier Peter 
Published: February 2022

Summary
Background
Allergies to insect stings and bites are common and were partly discussed in part I of this article series. Other mechanisms leading to allergen contact, sensitization, and potential allergy to insects or insects’ compounds can be hard to suspect and diagnose due to their sometimes-hidden character in food or dust.

Aims
We aim to provide an overview of allergic reactions to insects elicited by mechanisms other than sting or bite reactions.

Sources
A PubMed search on allergy and insects apart from bees and wasps was conducted, articles were selected and included, and a series of relevant publications and cases of our outpatient units are used as examples.

Content and implications
Allergies to insects following direct contact, inhalation, and accidental and deliberate ingestion are common and various insect species can elicit these allergies. Sensitization may occur transcutaneously, upon inhalation, and through ingestion. Allergic reactions to edible insects, such as grasshoppers and mealworms, as genuine allergies or as tropomyosin or other protein cross-reactivities in seafood or house dust mite allergic individuals are possible. In Europe, with the licensing of mealworms to be consumed as food and sold commercially in January 2021, allergies and cross-reactivity to insects or insect compounds as foods will become more common and relevant.
Early spatial language development and education: a scoping review
Authors: Wu Dandan , Li Hui , Degotardi Sheila 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEarly spatial language plays an important role in facilitating cognition and thoughts thus deserves empirical studies. This scoping review aims to synthesis the empirical evidence to identify the key topics, major findings, and research gaps regarding early spatial language development and education. The search has identified 19 studies published in the international peer-reviewed journals during 2000–2021, converging into three common topics: the developmental patterns of early spatial language, its role in child development, and parental influences. First, the synthesis of evidence revealed a significant age effect but an inconclusive gender effect in early spatial language. Second, the modeling or regression results jointly indicated that early spatial language could facilitate or predict spatial skills and/or spatial cognition. Third, the existing evidence supported that parental language input and parental involvement could enhance early spatial language. However, this study also found the major research gaps: no Chinese studies, very few naturalistic studies, the understudied ‘motion events’, and no studies on ‘frames of reference’. Implications for future studies and practical improvements are also discussed.
Industrial Symbiosis to Circular Economy: What Does the Literature Reveal for a Successful Complex Industrial Area?
Authors: Oughton C. , Kurup B. , Anda M. , Ho G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe observe that some industrial areas thrive, whilst others under-perform, and that the competitive potential of an enterprise located within an industrial area is impacted by a range of non-apparent characteristics related to the particular location. A dynamic industrial area is a better place for an industrial enterprise to be located than one that on the face of it seems lack-lustre—the ‘dynamism’ of the industrial area seems not that well understood or described. The goal of the literature review was to determine to what extent researchers have gone beyond the traditional view that industrial symbiosis (IS) is singularly focused on the symbiotic relationships that are responsible for the beneficial outcomes associated with product, by-product, and utility exchanges. We attempted to expose other forms of symbiotic relationships that might also contribute to the improved economic outcomes of companies located within complex industrial areas. Our findings confirm there are additional interacting factors contributing to the relative success (dynamism) of a given complex industrial area. We posit that an industrial area will exhibit varying degrees of success or failure, depending on the extent to which its creators have given thought to how it will operate to contribute to the international competitive advantages of its industrial inhabitants. We identified four contributing factors that contribute to this dynamism, and these align with an emerging four-dimensional framework for IS which the author is describing as the KIC4 dimensions of industrial symbiosis.
Lyapunov-based Robust Adaptive Configuration of the UAS-S4 Flight Dynamics Fuzzy Controller
Authors: Hashemi S.M. , Botez R.M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn tandem with the fast-growing demand for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for surveillance and reconnaissance, advanced controllers for these critical systems are needed. This paper proposes a flight dynamics controller design that considers various uncertainties for the Hydra Technologies UAS-S4 Ehécatl. In order to be realistic, in addition to flight dynamics nonlinearities, three main sources of uncertainties are considered, as those caused by unknown controller’s parameters, modeling errors, and external disturbances. A Robust adaptive fuzzy logic controller is designed, in charge of nonlinear flight dynamics in presence of a variety of uncertainties. The nonlinear flight dynamics is modeled based on the Takagi-Sugeno method relying on the soft association of local linear models. Since this controller is model-based, an optimal reference model is defined, which is stabilised by the Linear Quadratic Regulator procedure. A fuzzy logic controller is then designed for the nonlinear model. Lastly, with the aim to handle the uncertainties, the gains of the fuzzy controller are reconfigured, and are continuously adjusted by Lyapunov-based robust adaptive laws. The performance of the UAS-S4 Robust adaptive fuzzy logic controller is evaluated in terms of lateral and longitudinal flight dynamics stabilisation, and the reference model state variables tracking under various uncertainties.
Numerical investigations on the effect of blade tip winglet on leakage flow loss reduction for a zero inlet swirl turbine rotor
Authors: Zhou Qinghui , Zhao Wei , Zhao Qingjun , Sui Xiuming , Xu Jianzhong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe tip leakage flow generates a large amount of aerodynamic losses in a zero inlet swirl turbine rotor (ZISTR), which directly uses the axial exit flow downstream of a combustion chamber without any nozzles. To reduce the tip leakage flow loss and improve the efficiency for the ZISTR, a front suction side winglet is employed on the blade tip, and the effect of winglet width is numerically investigated to explore its design space. It is found that, a suction side leading edge horseshoe vortex (SHV) on the blade tip plays a crucial role in mitigating the tip leakage flow loss. This SHV rotates in the reverse direction to the leakage vortex, so it tends to break the formation of the leakage vortex near the front part of suction side. With a larger winglet width, the SHV stays longer time on the blade tip and leaves it at a further downstream location. This increases the time and the contact area of the interaction between the SHV and the leakage vortex, so the leakage vortex is further weakened. Thus, the tip leakage flow loss is reduced, and the efficiency is improved. However, a larger winglet width also increases the heat load of the blade due to a larger blade surface area. The ZISTR designed with the winglet width equal to 2.1% blade pitch achieves a great trade-off between efficiency and heat load that the efficiency is improved by 0.85% at an expense of 1.2% increment of the heat load. Besides, for the blade using this winglet, the mechanical stress due to the centrifugal, aerodynamic and thermal load is acceptable for the engine application. This investigation indicates a great potential in the improvement of efficiency for the ZISTR using a blade tip winglet designed on the front suction side.
Catullus’ Lament for Lesbia's Passer in the Context of Pet-Keeping
Authors: Watson Patricia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the last three lines of Catullus’ ‘dead sparrow’ poem (. . . o miselle passer! / tua nunc opera meae puellae / flendo turgiduli rubent ocelli, Catull. 3.16–18), the poet turns his attention from the fate of the passer to the effect that its death has on Lesbia. What is remarkable here is the accumulation of diminutives (miselle, puellae, turgiduli, ocelli), a feature which most translators fail to take sufficiently into account. In particular, the employment of two (comparatively rare) diminutive adjectives is especially striking. The effect of such overkill is mock pathos, but why does Catullus end his poem on a parodic note? I would like to suggest that we view this in the light of the Romans’ tendency to criticise excessive emotional display regarding pets and especially to their deaths, the implication being that Lesbia's reaction is overdone. Catullus’ mocking of his girl's unbounded grief for her pet is also to be linked to poem 2 where, it could be argued, the poet displays jealousy of Lesbia's emotional commitment to the passer.
Egnatius the Epicurean: The Banalization of Philosophy in Catullus
Authors: Uden James 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article offers a new examination of the place of philosophy in Catullus’Carmina.It focuses on Egnatius, the ‘smiling Spaniard’ of poems 37 and 39, and argues that Catullus’ attacks on this character make use of many standard invective tropes against Epicureans in the late Republic. More than merely an opportunity to show off his whitened teeth, Egnatius’ smile may well have been proof of his philosophical detachment andataraxia.Yet Catullus maliciously misrepresents this mark of Epicurean virtue as a social gaffe, and an unflattering reminder of Egnatius’ provincial origins. I then reinterpret poems 37, 38, and 39 as a poetic series unified by the ‘banalization’ of philosophical ideas. Ultimately, Catullus creates his own singular voice – the arbiter of style and taste – by representing aspects of other people's behaviour as trite and ordinary. To banalize is an act of power, and it is a weapon that Catullus wields to articulate a sense of difference from other poets and thinkers in his intellectual world.
Dismembering Cominius: Political Violence and Iambic Aggression in Catullus 108
Authors: Cowan Robert 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCarmen108 is one of the most neglected and unloved in the Catullan corpus. When it is mentioned in scholarship, it is either as a distastefully extreme instance of iambic invective or the object of a prosopographical exercise in identifying the addressee, Cominius. Gnilka alone has tried to situate it in the context of late Republican political violence, in particularly public lynching. Instead of isolating these two aspects of the poem from each other, this article argues thatc.108 is a self-conscious exploration of the interaction between poetic form andhors-texte. The terms of the invective situate it firmly within the tradition of Archilochean and Hipponactean iambos and it may even allude directly to a fragment of the latter. Yet the threats of violence are transformed when recontextualized within the world of the late Republic, where such literary violence was very much a reality. The poem performs a symbolic dismemberment of Cominius’ body, but one that cannot be safely separated from acts of mob violence in the period. The pragmatics of Catullan iambos explores the limits of verbal violence as speech-act and the point at which hate-speech becomes indistinguishable from the violence it incites.
Masculine Redemption in Carl Orff'sCatulli Carmina(1943)
Authors: Wallis Jonathan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article argues that Carl Orff'sCatulli Carmina– a five-movement cantata comprising a selection of Catullus’ Latin poems framed by neo-Latin text written by Orff himself – occupies an ambiguous space within the cultural environment of National Socialism, especially in portraying ideals of contemporary masculinity. In its overt theatrical displays of male and female sexuality,Catulli Carminainvites association with the perceived ‘decadence’ of pre-war cabaret in France and Germany's Weimar Republic. Yet, through tendentious selection and ordering of the poems, Orff's cantata also ‘corrects’ Catullus’ emblematic triviality and erotic abjection in an era which prized productive masculinity as a symbol of the good health of the nation. Orff's motivations in engaging with Roman culture were very different from Nazism's own fetishising of Greco-Roman antiquity, yet in this chapter Catullus provides a surprising case study for demonstrating how Orff's artistic values were often ‘compatible’ with those of the Nazi regime.
TheLingeer’s Jihad: Challenging a Male-Normative Reading of African History
Authors: Thomas Douglas H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article is a retelling of the Sharr Bubba Jihad as it unfolded in Kajoor (present-day Senegal) in which I attempt to set aright an instance of ontological violence in the existing secondary literature. I attempt to correct this first through an exposition of how the prevailing academic history is complicit in the continual colonization of African history. Secondly, I explain how Eurocentric discourses relegate African women to ancillary bearers of children, hewers of wood, and drawers of water. I further explain that the relationships between gender and authority in African histories do not align with the European “template” explaining the position and role oflingeer. Thirdly, I give the details of the Sharr Bubba Jihad in Kajoor through a rereading of the sources, making sure to nameLingeerYacine Bubu, and contextualizing the role of thelingeerin Kajoor and the other Senegambian kingdoms.