bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Issues of optimization of water supply in low-water and water-deficient regions
Authors: Sambursky G A , Epstein A D , Leont’eva S V , Pogorely A M , Nikitina S V 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The problems of providing the population with high-quality water for territories where water sources are absent or do not meet hygienic requirements are presented. It is shown that there is no proper relationship between the quality of drinking water and investments directed for the modernization of water treatment and water transportation technologies. It is shown that it is practically impossible to justify investments in water supply within the current tariffs for drinking water. The possibilities of improving the quality of drinking water supply with the diversification of the water supply process are shown and it is proposed to introduce the concept of household quality water. The main directions of technological modernization and diversification of the drinking water supply process in order to provide the population with drinking water at the point of consumption.
Farmer income analysis: Cocoa farming with side grafting technique (Case study in Mappesangka village, South Sulawesi, Indonesia)
Authors: Baharuddin  , Tang A , Christine A , Fitriyah A T , Utami R R 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The income analysis of side grafting cocoa farming aims to determine the income from side grafting cocoa farming received by farmers and to determine the R/C-ratio of side grafting cocoa farming. The research location was in Mappesangka village, Ponre district, Bone regency, South Sulawesi province. This research was conducted for three months, from March to May 2016. The analytical method used was income analysis to find out how much profit side grafting cocoa farming was, and R/C analysis to determine the level of efficiency in the use of cocoa farming costs. The results showed that the income obtained by respondent farmers in one growing season in side grafting cocoa farming was IDR 20.018.790,16/ha. The R/C in side grafting cacao farming in Mappesangka village was 2.95, this means that the R/C-Ratio value was greater than 1 so that it can be said to meet the criteria to be cultivated in side grafting cocoa farming in Mappesangka village.
The application of biofilm biofertilizer (BiO2) and biochar to increase rice yield
Authors: Sudadi  , Rachmadani T W , Cahyani V R , Minardi S 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBiochar application can improve soil properties. It use is supposed to enhance the effectiveness of BiO2-biofilm biofertilizer in supporting rice growth and yield. The aim of this research was to obtain the best combination treatment of biochar and BiO2for rice yields. The experiment conducted in greenhouse using plastic pot with a split plot design with three replications. The main plot was the concentration of BiO2(0 and 100 %), the sub plot was dose of biochar (0;15 and 30 tons ha−1) and sub-sub plot was biochar application method (mixed homogeneously to soil and spread at soil surface). The biochar used was grounded to pass the 2 mm sieve. Variables observed were plant growth and yield as well as soil properties. Data analyzed statistically using ANOVA followed by Duncan’s multiple range test at 95% of level confidence. The results show that application of 30 tons ha−1biochar mixed homogeneously to soil and 100% concentration BiO2liquid biofertilizer increase plant height, tiller number, productive tiller number and yield of rice on Alfisols of Jumantono, Karanganyar, Central Java, Indonesia.
Metagenomic analysis of non-pathogenic and pathogenic cecal bacteria profiles in quail supplemented with betaine
Authors: Pradista L A , Prastowo S , Widyas N , Ratriyanto A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cecum microbes are important in utilizing feed nutrients and immunity systems in poultry. This study strived to define the composition of the genus Collinsella, Coriobacteriaceae UCG-002, and Olsenella in the quail cecum supplemented with different betaine schemes. The treatment consisted of 3 levels, namely: control (C); C+0.12% betaine supplementation (B1); and B1–0.12% betaine supplementation (B2). This study used a completely randomized design with three replications. The next-generation sequencing method of the 16S rRNA gene region V3-V4 was applied to view the taxonomy profile of microbes (Threshold: 0.8~1). The relative abundance of the genera Collinsella, Coriobacteriaceae UCG-002, and Olsenella were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan’s test on R software. The results showed that the provision of B1 increased genus Collinsella and Coriobacteriaceae UCG-002 more than C and B2 (p<0.05). A significant decrease occurred in treatment B1 compared to treatment C indicated in the genus Olsenella as a pathogenic bacterium in the quail cecum (p<0.05). The B2 treatment showed the relative abundance of the genera Collinsella, Coriobacteriaceae UCG-002, and Olsenella tended to return to the microbial composition of treatment C. This study concluded that giving B1 improved the genus Collinsella, Coriobacteriaceae UCG-002, and Olsenella in the quail cecum tract.
Effects of different floor spaces and betaine supplementation on performance and physiology of quails
Authors: Rantau G M , Ratriyanto A , Widyas N 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Decreased productive performance due to heat stress in poultry often occurs in tropical environments. This study seeks to see the body temperature and productive performance of quail in different floor spaces and levels of betaine supplementation. The study was designed as a completely randomized design, consisting of two floor spaces (225 and 164 cm2/bird) and supplementation treatment (0% and 0.15% betaine). ANOVA test and DMRT were applied to catch the effect of treatments. Body temperature measurements showed that rectal and wing temperatures in quail with betaine supplementation were lower than in the control treatment (P<0.05). These results correspond with the betaine group’s feed, protein, and energy efficiency, which is better than the control (P<0.05). The egg production at floor spaces 225 cm2 and 164 cm2 supplemented with betaine was higher than the control groups (P<0.05), with values of 69.55% and 66.49%, respectively. Based on this study, we concluded that betaine supplementation to 225 cm2/bird and 164 cm2/bird floor spaces reduced heat stress and improved laying quail performance.
Extraction of chitin and chitosan black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) prepupa phase on characterization and yield
Authors: Mirwandhono E , Nasution M I A , Yunilas  
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Currently, the Black Soldier Fly (BSF) insect is a prima donna among farmers, especially poultry because it has high protein and easy breeding in waste media. BSF in each phase will have a different nutritional content and exoskeleton, in the prepupa phase it has a high protein content and a slightly hard exoskeleton indicating the presence of chitin and chitosan components. To get chitin and chitosan extraction process is carried out, the process also has differences in producing chitin including demineralization and deproteination stages while producing chitosan includes demineralization, deproteination, depigmentation and deacetylation stages. This study aims to extraction of chitin and chitosan BSF prepupa phase on characterization and yield. The results of this study showed that the extraction chitin of BSF prepupa phase resulted in a yield of 18.05% and the characterization was blackish brown, while the extraction chitosan of BSF prepupa phase resulted in a yield of 10.85% and the characterization was white (pure).
Value chain mapping of porang (Amorphophallus muelleri) in Wonogiri Regency
Authors: Handayani S M , Widadie F , Setyowati  , Sundari M T 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study explores the value chain mapping of porang (Amorphophallus muelleri) in Wonogori Regency to describe the flow of porang products, information, and finances from upstream to downstream chains. In addition, this study also explains the role of each actor in the chains in increasing the added value of porang tubers. A survey was conducted in Wonogiri Regency by interviewing various actors involved in porang value chains. To select the respondent, we used snowball sampling. Secondary data are also used from food security offices and central agency of the statistics of Wonogiri regency. A total of 45 respondents were interviewed out of the total pool of actors, which included farmers, rural traders, subdistrict traders and wholesalers. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the porang value chain in Wonogiri Regency. The survey results show that there are four routes of value chain mapping. The actors from the upstream to the downstream chain coordinate to supply the porang to processors. Each actor in the chains plays a different role in increasing the added value of the porang. Farmers focus on production, while intermediate actors focus on purchasing and distribution; processors are concerned about processing the porang.
A study on the benefits and intention to implement urban agriculture among urban dwellers: Case study in Southern Region of Malaysia
Authors: Ali M S , Vaiappuri S K N 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In Malaysia, urban agriculture activity is getting popular, especially during the pandemic of Covid-19. As the pandemic struck, the economic situation in Malaysia faced a downturn. Rapid urbanization, slow income growth, and unstable food prices in the market are the major problem faced by urban dwellers nowadays. This study discussed the intention to implement among urban dwellers in the southern region of Malaysia and the benefits of urban agriculture that influence their intention. The study employs quantitative analysis and was based on the primary data collected via face-to-face and distributed google form in 5 urban areas in 3 states in the southern region of Malaysia. The total sample size was 214 urban dwellers. Intention level analysis, Correlation analysis, and exploratory factor analysis were used in the study to achieve the objectives. The study shows that the majority of the respondents have moderate to high intention levels. The results indicate a positive relationship between the benefits of urban agriculture and the implementation intention of urban dwellers at a 0.01 significant level. The results also indicate 3 factors that affect the intention to implement which are financial, social, and environmental.
Non-wood forest products potency from community forest in Gempolan Village, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java
Authors: Asmara A N D , Makrifah E , Mahendra N M Y , Zahra Q A , Waryanti P , Pertiwi Y A B , Agustina A , Rahmadwiati R , Wicaksono R L , Apriyanto D , Nayasilana I N 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Non-wood forest products (NWFPs) are part of forest ecosystem and it has certain functions that support ecosystem sustainability. Utilization of NWFPs is a sustainable use or utilization of by-products from trees or other forest products. The present study aimed to obtain basic information on the NWFPs species that cultivated in Gempolan Village. Therefore, the species density, relative density, frequency, relative frequency, and important value index was calculated. In addition, the utilization of NWFPs species was described based on the interview. Field observation was conducted in 38 community forest by making plots 40 × 25 m2. Furthermore, interview was conducted with the owner of those community forests to obtain information on the NWFPs utilization. The results showed that community forest management in Gempolan Village applies an agroforestry system with a random mixture and alternate row-cropping pattern. NWFPs can be classified as their function, namely as food, medicinal plant, animal feed, and spices/condiments. Most of the NWFPs were only used to meet their own needs. NWFPs that produces from community forest in Gempolan Village was dominated by multi-purposes tree species (fruits) such as durian, avocado, jengkol, petai, pakel, sawo, melinjo, jackfruit, and breadfruit.
Comparing environmental policy: Observational case of government website of Surakarta, Indonesia and Pingtung, Taiwan
Authors: Nugroho Rino A , Prakoso Septyanto G , Hidayati Kartika N , Wulandari Purwati R , Nurhaeni Ismi D A , Utomo Is H 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Environmental policy practices in various countries and governments certainly differ, as one country may prioritize it, while others do not. Several factors including economic welfare, the human development index, and even the awareness of sustainable development may contribute to the variation. Comparing government performance in utilizing technological development and the internet is significant to assess the government’s performance in ensuring environmental sustainability and the establishment of smart governance at the same time. This paper discusses how the websites of local governments can be used to socialize and apply the environmental policy in Surakarta, Indonesia, and Pingtung, Taiwan. The two cities are chosen because of their contrasting condition where the prior has a limited but growing awareness of environmental policy, and the latter has already established systematic environmental policy planning and application. This research focuses on the observational analysis of the websites and will be supported by a literature study that is available on the Internet using search engines. The projected results showed the difference between both cities in actuating their environmental policies through websites and the factors that may cause it. Further findings can be found in the article.
Effect of methionine hydroxy analog (MHA) or dextrose supplementation on physiological responses and behaviours of sheep under transportation stress
Authors: Baihaqi M , Nuraini H , Jayanegara A , Manalu W 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Transportation causes sheep to experience stress and body weight loss due to physical stress during the process. This study aimed to evaluate the administration of protected methionine hydroxy analog (MHA) or dextrose before transportation on body weight loss, physiological responses, and post-transportation behaviours of sheep. The study used 42 thin-tailed sheep (body weight 18.28±2.11 kg) that were divided into three treatments, i.e., without MHA/dextrose supplementation (P1, control), supplementation of MHA 0.24 g/kg body weight (P2), and supplementation of dextrose 0.24 g/kg body weight (P3). Sheep were transported for a 6-hour journey in commercial vehicles. The results showed that P2 and P3 significantly reduced (P<0.05) the length of time for the sheep to reach their initial body weight before transportation. The P2 and P3 significantly decreased (P<0.05) pulse and respiratory rates as compared to P1. The resting behaviour of P1 was significantly higher (P<0.05) than P2 and P3, while the standing behaviour of P2 and P3 was significantly higher (P<0.05) than P1, which indicated an improvement of sheep condition in the P2 and P3. It can be concluded that the supplementation of MHA or dextrose before transportation improves the bodyweight recovery time, physiological conditions, and behaviours of sheep under transportation stress.
The diversity of wild Tampoi (Baccaurea, Phyllantaceae) and their potential to improve the livelihoods of local people in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Navia Z I , Suwardi A B , Harmawan T 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Baccaurea are a group of tropical indigenous plants with a high potential of improving food security and public health, particularly in rural areas. The majority of them are found growing wild in the forest and have not been fully explored. Several reports also revealed that the increasing rate of deforestation in recent years, as well as the trend of decreasing knowledge among local people regarding wild species, pose a threat to their existence in nature. As a result, the aim of this study is to determine the diversity of Baccaurea and their relevance to local people in two districts: South Aceh and Southwest Aceh. The plant specimens were collected using an exploratory method, while information on their usage was obtained from literature studies as well as interviews with local people. A total of 9 species were found growing wild in the forests and farmland, such as Baccaurea brevipes Hook.F., B. deflexa Müll.Arg., B. lanceolata Müll.Arg., B. macrocarpa Müll.Arg., B. macrophylla Müll.Arg., B. parviflora Müll.Arg., B. polyneura Hook.F., B. racemosa (Reinw. Ex Bl) Müll.Arg., and B. sumatrana (Miq.) Müll.Arg. All the specimens have the potential to be a source of food, medicinal ingredients, and wood for construction.
Optimization of material formulation and process parameters in canna edulis starch-based biofoam synthesis
Authors: Gabriel A A , Afandi L R P 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Development of starch based Biofoam rapidly progressed as a solution for minimizing pollution and environmental sustainability. Material formulation and process parameters of Biofoam synthesis were key factors related to the quality of Biofoam products. Canna edulis starch and rice straw powder were used for Biofoam synthesis. The aim of the study was to obtain the optimal formulation of materials and synthesis processes in 5 variations of the formulation with a molding temperature variation of 150 – 170°C using a Manual Thermo-pressing tool. Biofoam synthesized with P3T3 treatment showed the most optimal results with a density 0.4 gr/cm3, tensile strength 2.68 MPa, water absorption capacity 16.41%, and biodegradability 60.08%. The temperature variation treatment has no significant effect on synthesis product due to the adjustment of the printing time to the temperature used. The higher the molding temperature, the shorter the molding duration. The results of the Scanning Electron Microscopy test showed heterogeneous porosity sizes, therefore the mechanical strength was not uniform on the surface of the material. It was known that the average diameter of the Biofoam porosity is in the range of 0.106 – 0.117 mm by using ImageJ.
Analysis of the utilization of rice seeds of improved variety (Inpari 32) in Indramayu District, West Java
Authors: Agustian A , Aldillah R , Nurjati E , Yaumidin U K , Muslim C , Ariningsih E , Rachmawati R R 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Indramayu is the district with the highest rice production in West Java. Adequate seed availability is required to support its production. This study analyzes the utilization of Inpari 32, an improved rice variety, and its distribution problems. The study was conducted in Indramayu in 2021. The data collected included primary and secondary data. Primary data was gathered by interviewing 30 lowland rice farmers, while secondary data was collected from relevant institutions. Data analysis was done by analyzing farming profitability and varietal distribution. The study’s results show that in Indramayu, the use of Inpari 32 in 2021 reached 45.97% of the total area used for various varieties. Inpari 32 has shifted the dominance of Ciherang variety. The productivity of the Inpari 32 is 7.2 tons/ha GKP, generating a profit of IDR 17.70 million/ha/season. The problem in the distribution of Inpari 32 is the limited availability of seeds and description depicting its superiority. Therefore, Government support for the provision of seeds and socialization of its superiority to increase the dissemination of Inpari 32 is necessary.
Coping strategy of porang farmer’s household in anticipating long harvest period: Empirical study in Wonogiri Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Irianto H , Riptanti E W , Mujiyo  
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Porang is one of the alternative foods commonly cultivated in several areas, including Wonogiri Regency, because this area is suitable for its development. The cultivation business is not devoid of challenges. The tubers of Porang experience a dormancy phase, resulting in a long growing period of 6 to 10 months. Therefore, this study aims to identify the coping strategies used by farmers to adapt the length of the porang harvest period. Furthermore, this study is qualitative in nature involving 180 farmers selected through a census. The snowball sampling method was used to select respondents from 6 sub-districts in Wonogiri Regency in Indonesia. Furthermore, the analysis was conducted descriptively using an index coping strategy for measurement. These results indicated that farmers employ 11 types of coping strategies. The application is performed by combining one type up with more than 4 others. Most of the coping strategies types are applied to 2 combinations, hence, its index is in a low category. The alternative is a realistic combination that farmers can choose based on human and other resource availability.
The characteristics of teapots made of plastic and clay: what are their designs, functions, and impacts on the environment?
Authors: Amboro J L , Purwasito A , Warto  
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Currently, people are starting to reduce the use of traditional products and switch to ready-to-use products made from plastic, such as teapots. Nevertheless, clay crafts still maintain their existence in the widespread use of plastic products. Bayat is one of the subdistricts in Klaten Regency, Central Java, which is famous for its ceramics and pottery craft centres. Most artisans in the Bayat make crafts with clay as raw materials. This research focused on the advantages of Bayat pottery over other plastic products. This study aimed to increase public awareness to reduce plastic products’ use in daily life. This study used the descriptive qualitative method. The research was conducted in Bayat, Klaten, from March – June 2022. The results showed that clay crafts were considered more eco-friendly than plastic products. The development of Bayat pottery from clay has implications for design, function, usability, and environmental aspects. In the design aspect, the Bayat teapot can increase the aesthetic value of the craft. In terms of function and usability, the clay teapot functions as a water storage container as well as interior decoration. Meanwhile, in the environmental aspect, raw clay materials are easier to decompose, while plastic products are difficult to decompose.
Information Costs and the Civil Justice System
Authors: Hylton Keith N 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLitigation is costly because information is not free. Given that information is costly and perfect information prohibitively costly, courts will occasionally err. Finally, the fact that information is costly implies an unavoidable degree of informational asymmetry between disputants. This paper presents a model of the civil justice system that incorporates these features and probes its implications for compliance with the law, efficiency of law, accuracy in adjudication, trial outcome statistics, and the evolution of legal standards. The model’s claims are applied to and tested against the relevant empirical and legal literature.