bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyploidization‐enhanced effective clonal reproduction endows the successful invasion of Solidagocanadensis
Authors: Feng Dongyan , Cheng Jiliang , Yang Xianghong , Tian Zhongsai , Liu Yujing , Zhang Yu , Qiang Sheng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractClonality and ploidy levels are positively associated with plant invasiveness. However, there is still no consensus on whether polyploidization can promote the invasion of alien plants by enhancing clonality. Our recent long‐term community succession study found that the more vigorous clone of introduced polyploid Solidago canadensis succeeded into mono‐dominant community, which seems to be a positive correlationship between polyploidization and clonal reproduction. However, the formation process of clonal ramet and how polyploidization improves the clonal reproduction of S. canadensis remains unknown. Here, we compared clonal growth ability among diploids and polyploids of S. canadensis from native and introduced ranges in a common garden. Results showed that the rhizomes of S. canadensis originated from axillary buds of dense nodes at the basal stem of seedling and then produced into clonal ramets from the rhizomes. Diploids had denser nodes and more buds, developed more rhizomes per unit mass and produced more clonal propagules at the early growth stage compared with polyploids. However, the number of juvenile and secondary rhizomes, as well as the diameter and length of rhizomes in polyploid populations was significantly higher or greater than those of diploids, and those clonal traits in introduced polyploids were significantly higher than in native polyploids. Moreover, a phalanx growth form was observed in native and introduced diploid populations, which allocated about 3% and 5% of the total biomass to rhizomes, respectively, resulting in short and weak rhizomes. However, native and introduced polyploids allocated about 35% and 40%, respectively, of the total biomass to rhizomes, resulting in long and strong rhizomes, which were guerrilla growth forms. This study firstly shows that polyploidization enhanced the effective clonal reproduction of S. canadensis through pre‐adaptation and rapid post‐adaptation evolution, and consequently contributed to its successful invasion.
Obesity and contraceptive use: impact on cardiovascular risk
Authors: Rosano Giuseppe M.C. , Rodriguez‐Martinez Maria Angeles , Spoletini Ilaria , Regidor Pedro Antonio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObesity and oestrogen containing contraceptive products are well‐known independent cardiovascular risk factors. However, a significant number of obese women continue to receive prescriptions of hormonal products that contain oestrogens for their contraception. We have conducted a narrative review to discuss the latest evidence, ongoing research, and controversial issues on the synergistic effect of obesity and contraceptive use, in terms of cardiovascular risk. There is compelling evidence of an interplay between obesity and contraception in increasing cardiovascular risk. Women who present both obesity and use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) have a greater risk (between 12 and 24 times) to develop venous thromboembolism than non‐obese non‐COC users. Data here discussed offer new insights to increase clinicians' awareness on the cardiovascular risk in the clinical management of obese women. The synergistic effect of obesity and COCs on deep venous thrombosis risk must be considered when prescribing hormonal contraception. Progestin‐only products are a safer alternative to COCs in patients with overweight or obesity. Obese women taking contraceptives should be viewed as an ‘at risk’ population, and as such, they should receive advice to change their lifestyle, avoiding other cardiovascular risk factors, as a form of primary prevention. This indication should be extended to young women, as data show that COCs should be avoided in obese women of any age.
When judging purity norm violations, the perpetrator's intention matters
Authors: Kollareth Dolichan , Russell James A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractJudgments about the morality of an act that harms another (an autonomy violation) depend on the perpetrator's intention, but judgments about an impure act (a purity violation) have little to do with the perpetrator's intention—or so it has been theorized. In contrast, our hypothesis, supported here in three studies of American internet users, is that the perpetrator's intention matters greatly in both domains. In two studies (N = 120 in each), the perpetrator's specific intention (benign, pernicious, or unspecified) significantly and substantially influenced moral judgments of impure acts. In a third study (N = 825) of morality judgments, intention weighed at least as much for purity as for autonomy violations: reasoning about perpetrator's intention decided whether both autonomy and purity violations were judged to be moral or immoral. In morality, intention matters.
Pulses within pulses: Concentration‐discharge relationships across temporal scales in a snowmelt‐dominated Rocky Mountain catchment
Authors: Hensley Robert , Singley Joel , Gooseff Michael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractConcentration‐discharge (C‐Q) relationships can provide insight into how catchments store and transport solutes, but analysis is often limited to long‐term behaviour assessed from infrequent grab samples. Increasing availability of high‐frequency sensor data has shown that C‐Q relationships can vary substantially across temporal scales, and in response to different hydrologic drivers. Here, we present 4 years of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrate‐nitrogen (NO3‐N) sensor data from a snowmelt‐ dominated catchment in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado. We assessed both the direction (enrichment vs. dilution) and hysteresis in C‐Q relationships across a range of time scales, from interannual to sub‐daily. Both solutes exhibited a seasonal flushing response, with concentrations initially increasing as solute stores are mobilized by the melt pulse, but then declining as these stores are depleted. The high‐frequency data revealed that the seasonal melt pulse was composed of numerous individual daily melt pulses. The solute response to daily melt pulses was relatively chemostatic, suggesting mobilization and depletion to be progressive rather than episodic processes. In contrast, rainfall‐induced pulses produced short‐lived but substantial enrichment responses, suggesting they may activate alternative solute sources or transport pathways. Finally, we observed low‐level diel variation during summer baseflow following the melt pulse, likely driven by effects of daily evapotranspiration cycles. Additional contributions from in‐stream metabolic cycles, independent from but covarying with diel streamflow cycles, could not be ruled out. The results clearly demonstrate that solute responses to daily cycles and individual events may differ significantly from the longer‐term seasonal behaviour they combine to generate.
Microscopic and biochemical monitoring of endosomal trafficking and extracellular vesicle secretion in an endogenous in vivo model
Authors: Linnemannstöns Karen , Karuna M Pradhipa , Witte Leonie , Choezom Dolma , Honemann‐Capito Mona , Lagurin Alex Simon , Schmidt Chantal Vanessa , Shrikhande Shreya , Steinmetz Lara‐Kristin , Wiebke Möbius , Lenz Christof , Gross Julia Christina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicle (EV) secretion enables cell–cell communication in multicellular organisms. During development, EV secretion and the specific loading of signalling factors in EVs contributes to organ development and tissue differentiation. Here, we present an in vivo model to study EV secretion using the fat body and the haemolymph of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. The system makes use of tissue‐specific EV labelling and is amenable to genetic modification by RNAi. This allows the unique combination of microscopic visualisation of EVs in different organs and quantitative biochemical purification to study how EVs are generated within the cells and which factors regulate their secretion in vivo. Characterisation of the system revealed that secretion of EVs from the fat body is mainly regulated by Rab11 and Rab35, highlighting the importance of recycling Rab GTPase family members for EV secretion. We furthermore discovered a so far unknown function of Rab14 along with the kinesin Klp98A in EV biogenesis and secretion.
N‐glycoproteomics reveals distinct glycosylation alterations in NGLY1‐deficient patient‐derived dermal fibroblasts
Authors: Budhraja Rohit , Saraswat Mayank , De Graef Diederik , Ranatunga Wasantha , Ramarajan Madan G. , Mousa Jehan , Kozicz Tamas , Pandey Akhilesh , Morava Eva 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCongenital disorders of glycosylation are genetic disorders that occur due to defects in protein and lipid glycosylation pathways. A deficiency of N‐glycanase 1, encoded by the NGLY1 gene, results in a congenital disorder of deglycosylation. The NGLY1 enzyme is mainly involved in cleaving N‐glycans from misfolded, retro‐translocated glycoproteins in the cytosol from the endoplasmic reticulum before their proteasomal degradation or activation. Despite the essential role of NGLY1 in deglycosylation pathways, the exact consequences of NGLY1 deficiency on global cellular protein glycosylation have not yet been investigated. We undertook a multiplexed tandem mass tags‐labeling‐based quantitative glycoproteomics and proteomics analysis of fibroblasts from NGLY1‐deficient individuals carrying different biallelic pathogenic variants in NGLY1. This quantitative mass spectrometric analysis detected 8041 proteins and defined a proteomic signature of differential expression across affected individuals and controls. Proteins that showed significant differential expression included phospholipid phosphatase 3, stromal cell‐derived factor 1, collagen alpha‐1 (IV) chain, hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1, and thrombospondin‐1. We further detected a total of 3255 N‐glycopeptides derived from 550 glycosylation sites of 407 glycoproteins by multiplexed N‐glycoproteomics. Several extracellular matrix glycoproteins and adhesion molecules showed altered abundance of N‐glycopeptides. Overall, we observed distinct alterations in specific glycoproteins, but our data revealed no global accumulation of glycopeptides in the patient‐derived fibroblasts, despite the genetic defect in NGLY1. Our findings highlight new molecular and system‐level insights for understanding NGLY1‐CDDG.
Three‐dimensional electroanatomically guided slow pathway elimination is associated with procedural improvements and clinical benefit in atrioventricular node reentrant tachycardia patients
Authors: Tsiachris Dimitrios , Antoniou Christos‐Konstantinos , Doundoulakis Ioannis , Manolakou Panagiota , Kordalis Athanasios , Konstantinou Dimitrios , Gatzoulis Konstantinos , Tsioufis Konstantinos , Stefanadis Christodoulos 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSlow pathway (SP) ablation, in the context of atrioventricular node reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) treatment could result in either complete elimination or only modification of the SP with ambiguity regarding associated benefits. Three‐dimensional electroanatomical mapping (3D‐EAM) may be used adjunctively aiming to complete SP elimination. Our purpose was to compare a 3D‐EAM‐based strategy targeting SP elimination to the conventional fluoroscopic approach with respect to clinical outcomes.MethodsOne hundred and two consecutive AVNRT patients (36 males, mean age 53.2 ± 13.7 years) underwent in two successive periods a conventional fluoroscopic ablation approach (n = 42) or a 3D‐EAM‐guided ablation focusing on complete SP elimination (n = 60).ResultsSeveral procedural parameters improved with 3D‐EAM use, including fluoroscopy time (2.4 ± 4.7 min vs. 13 ± 4.5 min), dose‐area product (1061 ± 3122 μGy × m2 vs. 5002 ± 3032 μGy × m2) and slow pathway elimination frequency (95% vs. 50%, all p < .001). Procedural time was slightly prolonged in the 3D‐EAM group (101 ± 31 min vs. 87 ± 24 min, p = .013). Two major complications occurred in the conventional group. Altogether, over a mean follow‐up of approximately 2.7 years, recurrence occurred in 6 of 42 (14.3%) in the conventional group as compared to 1 of 62 (1.7%) in the EAM‐based group (p = .019). In the Kaplan–Meier analysis, time‐to‐event was significantly longer for the EAM‐based patients (p < .030). Moreover, the EAM‐based strategy was associated with less redo procedures' rates (9.5% in the non‐EAM group vs. 0% in the EAM group, p = .026).ConclusionsThe present study showed that an EAM‐based SP elimination strategy is not only feasible and safe but it is also accompanied by improved clinical outcomes in the setting of AVNRT ablation.
CCT4 knockdown enhances the sensitivity of cisplatin by inhibiting glycolysis in human esophageal squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Fang Jiarui , Ma Yingchao , Li Ya , Li Jianhui , Zhang Xishen , Han Xiao , Ma Shanshan , Guan Fangxia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common human malignancy characterized by late‐stage diagnosis, metastasis, and poor prognosis. Cisplatin (DDP)‐based chemotherapy has been the most predominant treatment for patients with ESCC. However, the high rate of DDP resistance and toxicity seriously hinder its clinical application. Then, the optimized strategy and mechanisms for ESCC to enhance DDP sensitivity are in great demand. Accumulating evidence have shown that chaperone proteins are closely related to the tumorigenesis and drug resistance of cancers. Chaperonin containing TCP1 complex 4 (CCT4) is a recent identified member of the family. However, its expression and function in ESCC have not been well illustrated. In this study, we found that CCT4 was highly expressed in human ESCC tissues and cell lines, and closely related to the poor prognosis. Moreover, CCT4 silence raised oxidative stress and inhibited glycolysis of ESCC cells, which significantly inhibited cell proliferation and migration, promoted apoptosis and caused cell cycle arrest in ESCC cells. Interestingly, CCT4 knockdown enhanced the sensitivity of KYSE150 cells to DDP by regulating AMPK/AKT/Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibiting glycolysis ability. Taken together, our results indicate that targeting CCT4 may be a therapeutic target in ESCC patients, which provides a theoretical basis to enhance the sensitivity of DDP in ESCC.
A survey of patient and medical professional perspectives on implementing osteoarthritis management programs for hip and knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Wallis Jason A. , Barton Christian J. , Ackerman Ilana N. , Sherwood James , Kemp Joanne L. , Young Kirby , Jennings Sophie , Trivett Adrian , Brusco Natasha K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundStrategies are needed to improve referral into, and uptake of, osteoarthritis (OA) management programs. This survey investigated and compared patients’ and medical professionals’ views around hip and knee OA management and factors impacting implementation of an osteoarthritis management program.MethodsAs part of a mixed‐methods program of research, patients with hip or knee OA and medical professionals routinely involved in the management of OA, were invited to complete a comprehensive online survey. All data were analysed descriptively or using chi squared tests. Survey findings for factors perceived to impact implementation of an OA management programme were triangulated with previously reported qualitative data.ResultsFifty‐three patients (38 females, 15 males) and 32 medical professionals (orthopaedic surgeons, sports physicians, rehabilitation physicians, rheumatologists and general practitioners) completed the survey. Twenty‐eight patients (53%) had prior participation in the OA management programme (GLA:D®) and 19 medical professionals (59%) had previously referred patients to the programme. Of the participants with prior exposure, 21 patients (75%) and 15 medical professionals (79%) agreed the programme was beneficial. A higher proportion of medical professionals, compared to patients, believed weight loss (100% vs. 67%), injection therapy (50% vs. 21%), hip replacement (100% vs. 62%) and knee replacement (97% vs. 62%) were effective treatments, with no differences for all other treatments. The barriers and enablers identified for referral into, and participation in, an OA management programme mostly aligned to factors identified in previous related qualitative research. Divergent factors in the survey included patients concerns about doing exercise‐therapy with 81% (higher than expected) not reporting any concerns about exercising, and 19% (lower than expected) concerned about their OA joint, such as making their pain worse.ConclusionsThis study has extended our understanding of barriers and enablers for referral into, and participation in, an OA management programme with a lower than expected number of patients being concerned about exercising due to their OA joint. Patients and medical professionals had positive views relating to the quality of the programme delivery, patient satisfaction and programme effectiveness. Medical professionals were more likely than patients to consider weight loss, injections and joint replacement as effective treatment options.
Eigenvalue analysis of planar linear multibody system under conservative force based on the transfer matrix method
Authors: Wang Jinghong , Rui Xiaoting , Wang Xun , Zhang Jianshu , Zhou Qinbo , Gu Junjie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe linear multibody system transfer matrix method (LMSTMM) provides a powerful tool for analyzing the vibration characteristics of a mechanical system. However, the original LMSTMM cannot resolve the eigenvalues of the systems with ideal hinges (i.e., revolute hinge, sliding hinge, spherical hinge, cylindrical hinge, etc.) or bodies under conservative forces due to the lack of the corresponding transfer matrices. This paper enables the LMSTMM to solve the eigenvalues of the planar multibody systems with ideal hinges or rigid bodies under conservative forces. For a rigid body, the transfer matrix can now consider coupling terms between forces and kinematic state perturbations. Also, conservative forces that contribute to the eigenvalues can be considered. Meanwhile, ideal hinges are introduced to LMSTMM, which enables the treatment of eigenvalues of general multibody systems using LMSTMM. Finally, the comparative analysis with ADAMS software and analytical solutions verifies the effectiveness of the proposed approach in this paper.
Enhanced modified reliability index approach for efficient and robust reliability‐based design optimization
Authors: An Xue , Shi Dongyan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe reliability index approach (RIA) is one of the effective tools for solving the reliability‐based design optimization (RBDO) probabilistic model, which models the uncertainties with probability constraints. However, its wide application in engineering is limited due to low efficiency and convergence problems. The RIA‐based modified reliability index approach (MRIA) appears to be very robust and accurate than RIA but yields inefficient for the most probable point (MPP) search with highly nonlinear probabilistic constraints. In this study, an enhanced modified reliability index approach (EMRIA) is developed to improve the efficiency and robustness of searching for MPP and is utilized for RBDO. In the EMRIA, an innovative active set using rigorous inequality is applied to construct the region of exploring for MPP, where the unnecessary probabilistic constraint could be eliminated adaptively during the iterative process. Moreover, the double loop strategy (DLS) is integrated into the EMRIA to strengthen the efficiency and robustness of large‐scale RBDO problems. Two numerical examples demonstrated that the EMRIA is an efficient and robust method for MPP search in comparison with current first‐order reliability methods. Six RBDO problems quoted also indicate that DLS‐based EMRIA has good performance to solve complex RBDO problems.
In Vivo Imaging for the Visualization of Extracellular Vesicle‐Based Tumor Therapy
Authors: Jiang Anqi , Nie Weidong , Xie Hai‐Yan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) exhibiting versatile biological functions provide promising prospects as natural therapeutic agents and drug delivery vehicles. For future clinical translation, revealing the fate of EVs in vivo, especially their accumulation at lesion sites, is very important. The continuous development of in vivo imaging technology has made it possible to track the real‐time distribution of EVs. This article reviews the applications of mammal‐, plant‐, and bacteria‐derived EVs in tumor therapy, the labeling methods of EVs for in vivo imaging, the advantages and disadvantages of different imaging techniques, and possible improvements for future work.
Imaging of pediatric liver tumors: A COG Diagnostic Imaging Committee/SPR Oncology Committee White Paper
Authors: Schooler Gary R. , Infante Juan C. , Acord Michael , Alazraki Adina , Chavhan Govind B. , Davis James Christopher , Khanna Geetika , Morani Ajaykumar C. , Morin Cara E. , Nguyen HaiThuy N. , Rees Mitchell A. , Shaikh Raja , Srinivasan Abhay , Squires Judy H. , Tang Elizabeth , Thacker Paul G. , Towbin Alexander J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPrimary hepatic malignancies are relatively rare in the pediatric population, accounting for approximately 1%–2% of all pediatric tumors. Hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma are the most common primary liver malignancies in children under the age of 5 years and over the age of 10 years, respectively. This paper provides consensus‐based imaging recommendations for evaluation of patients with primary hepatic malignancies at diagnosis and follow‐up during and after therapy.
Study of seawater effect on the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of hybrid multiwall carbon nanotube/graphene nanoplatelet‐glass fiber/epoxy laminates
Authors: José‐Trujillo Eduardo , Rubio‐González Carlos , Rodríguez‐González Julio Alejandro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe influence of seawater aging on the flexural and thermomechanical properties of glass fiber/epoxy (GF/E) composites containing the hybrid combination of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) was experimentally investigated in this work. The three‐point bending and dynamic mechanical analysis were performed to test flexural modulus, flexural strength, strain to failure, storage modulus, and glass transition temperature (Tg) of hybrid MWCNT/GNP‐GF/E composites at different mixing ratios (1:0, 7:1, 3:1, and 0:1) which were immersed in seawater at 60°C. The results confirm that seawater aging plays a significant role in reducing the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of hierarchical composite laminates due to degradation and weakening of the fiber/matrix interface as a consequence of plasticization and swelling effects of the polymer matrix. Despite this serious physical degradation, MWCNT/GNP‐GF/E hybrid composites with (7:1) showed a better resistance to seawater aging, with slight improvements in flexural strength (2%), strain to failure (14%), and Tg (12%) compared to neat GF/E composites, due to positive synergistic effect of the carbon nanostructures in the composite laminates, making them suitable for marine applications.