bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Bouncing back to life
Authors: Rajan Sukanya , Navaneetham Janardhana , Sanjeeva G. N. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Most research on adolescent focuses on the risk associated with the illness. Very little research has been carried out on adolescents who have been diagnosed with HIV since birth. With recent advances with ART treatment, life span of these children has increased, and there are lots of protective factors in the environment influencing the resilience. The present study has focused on the resilience among the adolescence with respect to the living arrangement, i.e., in institutionalized care and extended family.

Methodology:
The current study follows an exploratory research design with the aim of comparing resilience among adolescents living in the institutional setup and those living with their families–parents and extended families. Adolescents receiving ART treatment from a tertiary care hospital constitute universe and were selected purposively for the study. Resilience was measured using Child and Youth Resilience Measure.

Results:
The results indicated that 70% of the female and majority of them belong to Hindu religion. For majority, the mode of transmission is mother to child. There is no statistically significant difference between the resilience with respect to the living arrangement. However, respondents are resilient.

Conclusion:
This study has given a space for resilience for different groups of adolescents with respect to the living arrangement.
Study of genital manifestations of Stevens Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Authors: Gulanikar Anirudha , Abrol Arundha , Sagar Saujanya 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Stevens-Johnson syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are severe mucocutaneous reactions, considered as variants of same pathologic process. It is characterized by epidermal blisters, necrosis and sloughing predominantly of drug induced etiology. Due to severe cutaneous reactions, the genital manifestations associated with SJS/TEN are less studied. The chronic sequelae of genital manifestations results in severe gynecological, urological and sexual related complications, and have a great impact on the quality of life of patients.

Aims And Objectives:
To study the genital manifestations associated with SJS/TEN.

Materials and Methods:
Patients of SJS/TEN attending the Out-patient and In-patient Department of Skin and VD in a tertiary care hospital, having genital manifestations were included in the study. Genital examination of all patients were observed and recorded with a follow up for 6 months.

Results:
A total of 30 patients, twelve males (40%) and eighteen females (60%), were included. Genital manifestations were observed in 18 (60%) patients, with a male:female ratio of 1:2, i.e. males 6 (36.66%) and females 12 (63.33). All patients presented in the acute stage of the disease. Four female patients (33.3%) developed chronic manifestations in the form of labial synechiae in 2 (16.66%), vaginal synechiae in 1 (8.33%), vaginal strictures in 1 (8.33%) patient. None of the male patients developed chronic sequelae.

Conclusion:
SJS/TEN are rare diseases, but the mucocutaneous involvement, especially of genitourinary system and their long-term sequelae have a major impact on the quality of life of affected patients. The genital manifestations are largely preventable by means of proper awareness and early intervention.
Myofibroblasts in odontogenic cysts and tumors
Authors: Pinisetti Soujanya , Tadi Durgaprasad , Manyam Ravikanth 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The objective of this study was to assess immunohistochemically the presence of myofibroblasts both qualitatively and quantitatively in odontogenic cysts and tumors and to compare with the control cases of squamous cell carcinoma and to correlate the results with biologic behavior of these lesions.

Materials and Methodology:
Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks of odontogenic cysts and tumors were retrieved from institutional archives. The sample size is 40; these include ten cases of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) (n = 10), five cases of dentigerous cyst (n = 5), ten cases of solid ameloblastoma (n = 10), and five cases of unicystic ameloblastoma (n = 5). Ten cases of squamous cell carcinoma (n = 10) served as control. Sections were taken and stained immunohistochemically using alpha-smooth muscle actin for evaluation of myofibroblasts. The number of positive stromal cells was evaluated both for quantitative and qualitative analyses.

Results:
The present study showed that the mean number of myofibroblasts among the odontogenic cysts and tumors was higher in locally aggressive lesions such as OKC (23.79 ± 19.95), solid ameloblastoma (26.38 ± 17.00), and unicystic ameloblastoma (20.74 ± 14.86) which were comparable to squamous cell carcinoma (21.49 ± 9.76) when compared to benign lesions like dentigerous cyst which showed the least number of myofibroblasts (13.1 ± 7.71). Qualitatively, the staining intensity of myofibroblasts showed a significant variation within the same lesion and among different lesions. There was a distinct difference in the morphology, pattern of arrangement, and distribution of myofibroblasts among the studied lesions.

Conclusion:
We conclude that the increase in the number of myofibroblasts could be one of the contributory factors for the locally aggressive behavior of benign lesions such as ameloblastomas and OKCs. Further studies are suggested to understand the mechanism by which these important cellular elements exert their effects on stromal and epithelial tissue compartments.
Association between Pathogenic Variants of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and Growth in Children under 5 Years of Age in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study
Authors: Das Rina , Palit Parag , Haque Md Ahshanul , Ahmed Tahmeed , Faruque A. S. G 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT.
There is a lack of information highlighting associations between different pathogenic variants of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and childhood growth. Pathogenic variants of E. coli from stool samples, collected from 22,567 children enrolled in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study from December 2007 to March 2011, were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. We estimated the associations of different pathogenic variants of diarrheagenic E. coli with child growth. The association between an explanatory variable and the outcome variable was assessed using multiple linear regression, where the dependent variables were height-for-age, weight-for-age, and weight-for-height z-scores, and the independent variable was the presence of different pathogenic variants of diarrheagenic E. coli. After adjusting for potential covariates, such as age, gender, diarrhea, breastfeeding status, mother’s education, number of under-5 children, handwashing practice, handwashing material, source of drinking water, wealth index, available toilet facility, copathogens, comorbidity, time, and study site, the multivariable model identified a negative association between different pathogenic variants of diarrheagenic E. coli and child growth. Our analyses may provide the cornerstone for prospective epidemiologic investigation for the development of preventive measures for diarrheagenic E. coli and combat childhood undernutrition.
Surveillance as a Core Intervention to Strengthen Malaria Control Programs in Moderate to High Transmission Settings
Authors: Fountain Alison , Ye Yazoume , Roca-Feltrer Arantxa , Rowe Alexander K. , Camara Alioune , Fofana Aissata , Candrinho Balthazar , Hamainza Busiku , Ndiop Medoune , Steketee Richard , Thwing Julie 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT.
New tools are needed for malaria control, and recent improvements in malaria surveillance have opened the possibility of transforming surveillance into a core intervention. Implementing this strategy can be challenging in moderate to high transmission settings. However, there is a wealth of practical experience among national malaria control programs and partners working to improve and use malaria surveillance data to guide programming. Granular and timely data are critical to understanding geographic heterogeneity, appropriately defining and targeting interventions packages, and enabling timely decision-making at the operational level. Resources to be targeted based on surveillance data include vector control, case management commodities, outbreak responses, quality improvement interventions, and human resources, including community health workers, as they contribute to a more refined granularity of the surveillance system. Effectively transforming malaria surveillance into a core intervention will require strong global and national leadership, empowerment of subnational and local leaders, collaboration among development partners, and global coordination. Ensuring that national health systems include community health work can contribute to a successful transformation. It will require a strong supply chain to ensure that all suspected cases can be diagnosed and data reporting tools including appropriate electronic devices to provide timely data. Regular data quality audits, decentralized implementation, supportive supervision, data-informed decision-making processes, and harnessing technology for data analysis and visualization are needed to improve the capacity for data-driven decision-making at all levels. Finally, resources must be available to respond programmatically to these decisions.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adherence to infection prevention and control measures between 2019 and 2021 in Swiss sentinel private practices: repeated cross-sectional surveys
Authors: Lehmann Iza , Peytremann Arnaud , Mueller Yolanda 
Published: June 2022

AIMS OF THE STUDY: The COVID-19 pandemic has shown the importance of infection prevention and control (IPC) measures in health care settings, including primary care. We aimed to describe how it influenced adherence to infection prevention and control measures in private practices in the Swiss sentinel network (Sentinella). METHOD: An online cross-sectional survey was sent to the 181 Sentinella practices in 2021 that included questions on the practice’s spatial organisation, staff habits and vaccination coverage, ventilation, mask wearing, hand hygiene, as well as triage and separation of patients with suspected infection. Results were compared with those of a 2019 survey conducted in the same setting. RESULTS: We received 127 valid questionnaires (70.2% response rate). At the time of the study, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was underway among physicians (51.3%). Between 2019 and 2021, an absence of specific recommendations on mask wearing for staff (55.7%) changed into a recommendation for continuous wearing (93.7%); hand hygiene improved, especially upon arrival at the practice (63.9% vs 85.8%; p <0.001) and before examining patients (74.6% vs 88.2%; p <0.010); impossibility of distancing symptomatic patients dropped (27.9% vs 3.9%, p <0.001); and ventilation and cleaning improved (p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic led to important changes in adherence to the recommended IPC measures.
Soğuk Hava Odasında Evaporatör Yerleşiminin Depo Ürünlerine Etkisinin CFD Analizi
Authors: BALKAN Fevzi , AKSOY Ayşe Bilgen 
Published: June 2022

Soğuk hava depoları, gıdaların tazeliklerinin korunması hususunda büyük öneme sahiptir. Gıdaların besin değerlerini koruyabilmeleri, oda havasının doğru sıcaklık ve nemde şartlandırılmasına bağlıdır. Sıcaklık ve nem dengesi evaporatörlerden ortama sağlanan şartlandırılmış hava ile gerçekleştirilir. Bu çalışmada; soğuk hava depolarında, soğuk havanın depo ortamına dağılımını sağlamak amacıyla kullanılan evaporatörlerin odaya yerleşim yerlerinin, sıcaklık ve hız dağılımlarına hava akışının sebep olduğu ürün kayıplarına etkisi incelenmiştir.
Deneysel çalışma, içerisinde narenciye bulunan soğuk odada gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneysel çalışmalarda elde edilen veriler, aynı depo şartları için CFD programında simüle edilerek karşılaştırılmış ve sonuçların örtüştüğü ve kullanılabilirliği belirlenmiştir. Çeşitli evaporatör konumlandırmaları simüle edilerek, sıcaklıkları ve ürün istifleme şartları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Evaporatörün tek duvarda konumlandırılması durumunda; ürün istiflenmesi ile şartlandırılmış hava dağılımı ve sıcaklık rijit olmamaktadır. Evaporatörlerin dar duvarlarda karşılıklı konumlandırılması durumunda, ürün istiflemesinin deponun orta kısmında ve uygun aralıklarda yapılmasının daha uygun olacağı belirlenmiştir. Evaporatör yerleşiminin geniş tek duvarlarda olması, sıcaklığın eşit dağılmasını sağlarken diğer yandan üründe nem kaybına sebep olabilir.
Soğuk hava tesisi kurulması esnasında veya mevcut soğuk odalarda, ürün istifleme biçimleri ile hava akımlarının ve sıcaklık dağılımlarının öncelikle CFD analiz programıyla simüle edilmesi, ürün kayıplarında azalma, enerji tasarrufu, zaman ve işletme maliyetinde kazanımlar elde edileceği düşünülmektedir.
A Panel Discussion: “Teaching the Mediterranean”
Authors: Rosenstreich Susan L. , De Sousa Geraldo , Zimo Ann , Phillips Darryl , Jerez-Gómez Jesús-David 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
A panel discussion on teaching the Mediterranean was convened at the 2021 Annual Congress of the Mediterranean Studies Association. Three panelists presented their approaches to teaching the Mediterranean. These presentations were followed by a general discussion that included members of the audience.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical practice in Iraq
Authors: Nile Anees K. , Hamdawi Mohammed A. , Khiro NawfalK. 
Published: June 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic affects all aspects of life all over the world; general surgeons are highly affected along with other healthcare personnel. A gloomy course of the disease makes it hazardous till now; its impact and ways of protection should be of concern for us so that we can keep on our works. Methods: A survey was carried out at our hospital among general surgeons and surgeons of other specialties of the course with junior doctors and residents. A questionnaire was answered by them concerning their work with the impact of the virus, collecting data from the statistical unit electronically. Iraq has started lockdown for a period of 24 months from March 2020 to March 2022. Results: This study is a cross-sectional study using Google Forms and spread over surgical teams of different specialties at the Imemein Kadhumein Medical City Center. From about 248 responses, 118 responses were taken from the survey. Out of the 50 surgeons, 40 (80%) were infected and out of the 68 residents 62 (91.1%) were infected in our hospital (open and laparoscopic). About 20% of the doctors completely stopped attending outpatient clinics, until vaccination started on March 2021, an overall decrease of 60%. A drop of >75% of income was noticed by 45% of them; and 25% of them feel < 75% of the income was received. But others have no change or increase in income as patients shift toward private hospitals because the government ones become loaded with COVID patients. Information about the illness and its sequelae was found through the net to be about 81% and through television to be 16%, whereas others were through national and institutional announcements. Conclusion: Standardized measures in detection, treatment, and/or vaccination should be taken into consideration based on the solid scientific facts to have a road map for surgeries during this or subsequent pandemics, getting the best outcome for doctors and patients.
Evaluation of Pairing Mobile Health with Simulation Technology to Assist Sickle Cell Caregivers
Authors: Scott Sittig  , Tierney Beebe  , Jessica Landry  , Helen Hurst  
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Sickle Cell disease (SCD) affects approximately 100,00 Americans and occurs in about one in every 365 black or African American births. SCD caregivers could utilize health technology such as mHealth to assist them with appointment reminders, medication management, education, and pain management as it relates to better managing this disease process.
Methods: A mixed-methods approach was utilized to explore the perceived influential factors that impact the caregivers’ ability to care for the children with SCD and utilize mHealth and simulation. A 33-question survey was administered which included questions on: demographics, SCD, mHealth and simulation, General Self-Efficacy, Adult Hope, and four opened-ended questions.
Results: In total, 36 SCD caregivers completed the survey and three of them provided an additional interview. Sixty nine percent of the caregivers were mothers (n = 25) of the children with SCD and all the caregivers were African American. Self-Efficacy (p=.568) and Adult Hope scores (p=.762) were not a predictor for willingness to use mHealth or simulation.
Conclusions: SCD caregivers are using some forms of technology to help them however an all-inclusive (one-stop location) mHealth app along with simulation training would allow these caregivers to better manage their patient’s/loved ones SCD.
ESTUDO DAS PRESCIÇÕES DE MEDICAMENTOS CONTROLADOS DISPENSADO EM UMA DROGARIA NO NORTE DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: DOS SANTOS Thiago Alves Xavier 
Published: June 2022

A utilização de medicamentos psicotrópicos tem crescido nas últimas décadas em vários países. Esse aumento causa diversos impacto na sociedade, com consequências sociológicas, econômicas e sanitárias. O objetivo é analisar as prescrições de medicamentos controlados dispensados por uma drogaria no norte de Minas Gerais. Trate-se de um estudo observacional, quantitativo e documental das prescrições e notificações de receitas de psicotrópicos dispensados por uma drogaria privada localizada na cidade de Manga - MG, no período de setembro de 2017 a fevereiro de 2018. No total foram analisadas 1388 prescrições, sendo que dessas 70,7% foram emitidas no âmbito do SUS e 51,2% foram classificadas como legíveis. O clínico geral foi o profissional que mais prescreveu (64,7%) e os psicotrópicos prescritos foram o clonazepam (45,7%) e a amitriptilina (23,3%). Conclui-se que a maior parte das prescrições analisadas por este estudo foram emitidas no âmbito do SUS por médicos clínicos gerais. Essas prescrições na sua maioria se encontravam com uma boa legibilidade e também sua maioria atendiam as exigências da Portaria nº 344/1998 – SVS/MS. Observou-se ainda a grande quantidade de medicamentos que foram prescritos para o tratamento da ansiedade e depressão.
MODELING AND SIMULATION OF COMPRESSION-IGNITION INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES’ EMISSIONS PRODUCED BY DIESEL AND BIODIESEL MIXTURES
Authors: Barbosa J. P. W. , Balmant W. , Matiolo C. H. , Mariano A. B. , Vargas J. V. C. 
Published: June 2022

Biofuels have been identified as possible solutions to the problems caused by the usage of fossil fuels in energy production. Although they generally produce fewer emissions, there are indications that engines powered with biodiesel mixtures emit pollutants such as nitrogen oxides in greater quantities than when powered by fossil diesel. So, further investigation on the emissions produced by these two fuels is needed, with the goal of best knowing what kind of harm to the environment each one of those is causing. One of the best tools available for expanding any subject’s comprehension, without spending lots of resources, are mathematical models. In order to better understand the relations between the fuel used to power a compression-ignition internal combustion engine (ICO) and the emissions produced as subproducts of the thermodynamic process, this paper aims at developing a mathematical model of the production of emissions according to the fuel mixture used. The main goal is to develop a simple model, from the point of view of chemical kinetics, but with the support of well-collected experimental data, and methods of mathematical model adjustments and validations, to make the model describe the reality of the phenomena with satisfactory precision. This Mathematical Model is completely implemented using FORTRAN® Language. There are 2 sorts of data: one used to calibrate and adjust the model’s constants so the model can properly describe the reality of the events, and the other as the basis of comparison for the validation of the model after adjustments and calibrations. With this work, it is expected that the knowledge about how the use of these fuels impact global emissions, and how it is possible to optimize our energy production by using the best mixture of fuels at the optimal point between net power outtake and net emissions produced.
Turismo em comunidades tradicionais da Bahia: desafios e perspectivas
Authors: Vieira Salete , Benevides Clícia Maria de Jesus , Sá Natália Silva Coimbra de 
Published: June 2022

O turismo em comunidades tradicionais vem se desenvolvendo à medida que cresce a procura pela vivência e autenticidade de experiências turísticas. Em determinadas localidades essa oferta possui, além da diversidade, um número elevado de iniciativas desta natureza, como é o caso do estado da Bahia. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar e caracterizar as iniciativas organizadas de turismo em comunidades tradicionais na Bahia. A pesquisa foi de natureza descritiva-exploratória e de caráter quanti-qualitativo. Inicialmente realizou-se uma análise bibliográfica para o entendimento dos conceitos e discussões sobre o tema. Posteriormente, os dados secundários foram alcançados por meio da análise de documentos oficiais, artigos científicos, estudos empíricos e de reuniões e lives públicas de instituições e entidades de turismo do estado. Este levantamento identificou um total de vinte e sete iniciativas de turismo em comunidades tradicionais que estão localizadas em áreas protegidas, comunidades quilombolas, indígenas e de pescadores, com maior concentração nas regiões da Baía de Todos os Santos e da Chapada Diamantina. A atividade turística vem trazendo benefícios, como o incremento de renda e valorização cultural, e também impactos negativos, como a especulação imobiliária e o abandono de atividades tradicionais. Entende-se que, para causar baixo impacto no cotidiano e potencializar os efeitos positivos é importante que necessidades básicas sejam atendidas, visto que existem problemas de demarcação e regulamentação fundiária. É necessária ainda uma maior participação das comunidades tradicionais nos processos decisórios de organização e planejamento turístico de seus territórios.