bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrometeorology influences the apparent temperature sensitivity of terrestrial carbon turnover times
Authors: Fan Naixin , Reichstein Markus , Koirala Sujan , Mahecha Miguel , Ahrens Bernhard , Carvalhais Nuno 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The ecosystem carbon turnover time (τ) is an emergent ecosystem property that partly determines the feedback between the terrestrial carbon cycle and climate which is strongly controlled by temperature1–3. However, it remains uncertain to what extent hydrometeorological conditions may influence the apparent temperature sensitivity of τ, defined as the change in the carbon turnover times with a 10ºC rise in temperature (Q10). Here, we show that Q10 is unlikely temperature dependent and that it converges to 1.6 ± 0.1 globally once hydrometeorological conditions are taken into account. By investigating the responses of τ to temperature and hydrometeorological factors using an ensemble of observation-based global datasets and a global compilation of in-situ measurements, we show that temperature and hydrometeorology are almost equally important in shaping the spatial pattern of τ, explaining 60% and 40% of its global variability, respectively. Our findings reveal a strong constraint on Q10 values with significant reduction in magnitude and uncertainties, by accounting for the hydrometeorological effects on spatial variability of τ. These findings suggest that hydrometeorological conditions modulate the apparent temperature sensitivity of terrestrial carbon turnover times, confounding the role of temperature in quantifying the response of carbon cycle to climate change.
How does consumer demand for new energy vehicles drive innovation? -- based on social network and text mining analysis
Authors: Huang Jun , cao chen , Huang Hancheng , Xiao Zihan , Huang Yunfan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Market demand is the internal source of technological innovation. Automobile enterprises get various information about product improvement from consumers, and consumer demand points out the direction of technological innovation for new energy automobile enterprises. First, Python was used to write a crawler to crawl the text data of consumer comments on new energy vehicles on Autohome website. Then, big data analysis is carried out based on social network, word cloud map, LDA topic model and other methods. Finally, the empirical study found that commuting, picking up children, appearance, space, appearance level, and interior are among the key factors affecting ordinary consumers to buy new energy vehicles; consumers are not satisfied with the new energy vehicles mainly for the trunk, abnormal sound, endurance, noise, and interior. Among the 8 themes of the LDA theme model, theme 6 (noise problem), theme 1 (brake problem) and theme 3 (odor problem) show high theme intensity, and mass consumers are increasingly dissatisfied with the low financial incentives and high prices of new energy vehicles. Finally, based on the findings of the above influencing factors, relevant management suggestions on product innovation are provided for new energy vehicle enterprises.
Mastectomy and Breast Conserving Therapy Share Comparable Survival and Efficacy on Patients with Occult Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study in China
Authors: Li Jiayi , Jia Ziqi , Ren Fei , Li Jiaxin , Zhang Menglu , Liu Gang , Liu Jiaqi , Wang Xiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose This single-center retrospective study aimed to compare the efficacy of mastectomy and Breast Conserving Therapy (BCT) on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) and examine prognostic factors of Occult Breast Cancer (OBC) in China. Methods We conducted a univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis and a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model on OBC patients in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CHCAMS), comparing prognostic factors including treatment plans, risk factors, TNM stages, metastasis, and recurrence. Results Seventy patients with OBC undergoing axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) were included with median follow-up of 84.0 months. No statistically significant differences in OS (HR, 1.64; 95% CI, 0.59-4.51; p=0.327) and DFS (HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 0.60-4.89; p=0.200) were observed between mastectomy (n=23) and BCT (n=37). Positive estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor suggested better survival in univariate analysis. Patients with more severe N stage presented inferior survival. The association between radiotherapy and worse survival was probably because patients with higher TNM stages tended to receive radiotherapy. Low Ki-67 level (≤14%) predicted worse outcomes in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Conclusion Mastectomy with ALND presented comparable prognosis outcomes to BCT with ALND for OBC patients.
Relationship between Rasi and Hyperkalemia in Maintenance Hemodialys Patients
Authors: Xie Weiji , He Shiting , Hong Guitian , Xiao Zeen , Dong Yejing , Xu Xiaochang , Zhang Yimin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background Although their security in terms of serum potassium is controversial, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RASi) have greater beneficial effects on protecting relative function of the heart and kidneys than other groups of antihypertensive drugs in hemodialysis ( HD ) patients. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate whether medications- angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) - would affect serum potassium in chronic HD patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of 166 adults HD patients to determine which factors including RASi were connected with hyperkalemia, defined as a pre-dialysis serum potassium concentration more than 5.0 mmol/L（K+＞ 5.0mmol/L）. And it was divided into two groups, normal group and hyperkalemia one, by the serum potassium value. Finally, we compared the differences in baseline data between two groups and explore causes leading serum potassium unstable in long-term hemodialysis patients. Results The median serum potassium value of all participants was 4.78 (4.28, 5.41) mmol/L, and 64 (38.6%) of them had experienced hyperkalemia. 82 (49.4%) patients were prescribed with RASi. Three variables - serum phosphorus (P＜0.01), albumin (P＜0.05), and using RASi (P＜0.01) – were more frequent in hyperkalemia group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that RASi (OR: 3.63, 95% CI: 1.78-7.40, P＜0.01), serum phosphorus (OR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.29-3.34, P＜0.01),UCR (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.05-1.37, P＜0.01), and age (OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99, P＜0.05) were associated with hyperkalemia. Conclusion In this study, hyperkalemia is observed in 38.6% of HD patients. The use of RASi is associated with hyperkalemia in patients on prevalent HD. Also, patients with higher serum potassium or UCR and young age are likely to develop hyperkalemia during interdialysis interval.
Training nurse simulation educators at scale to improve maternal and newborn health: a case study from Bihar, India
Authors: Madriz Solange , Afulani Patience , Spindler Hilary , Ghosh Rakesh , Cohen Susanna R. , Subramaniam Nidhi , Mahapatra Tanmay , Das Aritra , Sonthalia Sunil , Gore Aboli , Dandu Seema , Walker Dilys 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundSimulation has been shown to improve clinical and behavioral skills of birth attendants in low-resource settings at a low scale. Populous, low-resource settings such as Bihar, India, require large cadres of simulation educators to improve maternal and newborn health. It’s unknown if simulation facilitation skills can be adopted through a train of trainers’ cascade. To fill this gap, we designed a study to evaluate the simulation and debrief knowledge and skills of a cadre of 701 simulation educators in Bihar, India. In addition, we assessed the physical infrastructure where simulation takes place in primary healthcare facilities in Bihar, India.Methods We performed a 1 year before–after intervention study to assess the simulation facilitation strengths and weaknesses of a cadre of 700 nurses in Bihar, India. The data included 700 pre-post knowledge and self-efficacy tests; videos of simulations and associated debriefs conducted by 700 providers at 40 primary healthcare centersResults We observed a statistically significant difference in knowledge and self-efficacy scores before and after the 4-day PRONTO simulation educator training. The average number of participants in a simulation video was 5 participants (range 3-8). The average length of simulation videos was 10:21 minutes. The simulation educators under study, covered behavioral in 90% of debriefs and cognitive objectives were discussed in all debriefs. Conclusion This is the first study assessing the simulation and debrief facilitation knowledge and skills of a cadre of 700 nurses in a low-resource setting. Simulation was implemented by local nurses at 353 primary healthcare centers in Bihar, India. Primary healthcare centers have the physical infrastructure to conduct simulation training. Some simulation skills such as communication via whiteboard were widely adopted. Advanced skills such as eliciting constructive feedback without judgement require practice.
On the Coexistence, Switching Bifurcation and FPGA Implementation for a Non-smooth Rayleigh-Duffing-like System
Authors: Rui Zhi , Min Fuhong , Lu Lei , Ye Biaoming 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the oscillation behaviors of a non-smooth Rayleigh-Duffinglike system with periodically external excitation are studied through the theory of discontinuous dynamical system. From the switching conditions of the system through the boundary, the mapping structures of Duffing-like system are presented, and the dynamical mechanism of the switching motions in the Rayleigh-Diffing-like-system are investigated. The bifurcations, phase planes and double-parameter mapping diagrams are developed, and the coexistence and multistability phenomena of the systems on the switching boundary are also studied. Finally, the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) hardware circuit experiment is applied to realize the RayleighDuffing-like system, which is in consistent with the numerical simulation results.
The impact of Tamarix invasion on the soil physicochemical properties
Authors: Araya Tesfay , Mlahlwa Asiphe V. , Elbasit Mohamed A.M. Abd , Newete Solomon W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The exotic Tamarix species, T. ramosissima and T. chinensis, were introduced into South Africa in the early 1900s reportedly either for ornamental or soil wind erosion control purposes in the mines. They are, however, currently invading several riparian ecosystems in the country and threatening its biodiversity and proper functioning. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of the exotic Tamarix species on the soil physicochemical properties vis-à-vis the indigenous Tamarix at the Leeu River in the Western Cape Province, of South Africa where they are purvasive. Three transects were laid from the riverbank towards the outer land, where the exotic followed by the native Tamarix species predominantly occurred. Soil was sampled from three points per transect and three soil depths (0–10, 10–20 and 20–30 cm) per point in winter and summer to determine selected soil physicochemical properties. The results showed that total nitrogen (TN), total carbon (TC), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K) and Magnesium (Mg) concentrations under the native and exotic Tamarix species were significantly higher than those in the open land without Tamarix species. The salinity under the native and exotic Tamarix species was greater (P < 0.05) in the topsoils (0–10 cm) than in the deeper soils (20–30 cm) with 5.05 mS cm− 1 and 4.73 mS cm− 1, respectively. Soil electrical conductivity (EC) was higher (P < 0.05) during the winter season under the exotic Tamarix species (5.05 mS cm-1) followed by the native species (4.73 mS cm-1) and it was the lowest in the control (0.16 mS cm-1) at 0–10 cm soil depth. Similarly, sodium and sodium absorption ratios (SAR) under the native and exotic Tamarix species were significantly greater than those in the control. The highest levels (P < 0.05) of TC were recorded at the topsoil (0–10 cm soil depth) under the exotic Tamarix species (1.17%), followed by the native Tamarix (1.07%) with the control recording the lowest (0.53%). There were no significant differences (P < 0.05) in K, TC, TN and SOC concentrations at lower soil depths (20–30 cm). The soil texture was significantly affected by the Tamarix species. The soil bulk density was lower under the exotic Tamarix followed by native Tamarix species than the control soils. The soil volumetric water content was higher under the exotic Tamarix species compared to the control. This study concludes that the invasion of the exotic and native Tamarix species altered the soil properties underneath and created conducive soil conditions for their predominance.
Progress and Prognosis According to the Care Cascade in Patients Who Are Anti-HCV Positive
Authors: Yoo Sung Hwan , Kim Myung , Kim Sora , Lee Jung Il , Lee Kwan Sik , Lee Hyun Woong , Lim Jin Hong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Few studies have analyzed the frequency of HCV RNA testing and actual treatment among anti-HCV positive patients in Korea, which has a low prevalence of HCV infection. This study aimed to analyze the diagnosis process, treatment results, and prognosis according to care cascade in patients who are anti-HCV positive.
Methods
3,253 anti-HCV positive patients presented to a tertiary hospital between January 2005 and December 2020. The number of patients who underwent HCV RNA testing, treatment, and proportion of sustained virologic response (SVR) according to the type of antivirals was investigated. We investigated the cumulative incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver cirrhosis.
Results
Of a total of 3,253 people, 1,177 (36.2%) underwent HCV RNA testing and 858 (72.9%) were positive for HCV RNA. 494 (57.6%) patients received antiviral treatment, and 443 (89.7%) experienced SVR without significant differences according to the type of antivirals. Of the 421 treated patients, 16 (14.2%) developed HCC. The cumulative incidence of HCC at 15 years was significantly different according to the presence of liver cirrhosis (10/83, 29.5% vs. 6/338, 10.8%, p < 0.001). The cumulative incidences of HCC or liver cirrhosis did not show significant differences according to the presence of SVR12 (14/388, 13.2% vs. 2/33, 52.5%, p = 0.084, 21/319, 15.0%, vs. 3/22, 28.7%, p = 0.051).
Conclusions
Owing to the introduction of direct-acting antivirals, high SVR12 was achieved, but the proportion of anti-HCV positive patients who received HCV RNA testing and treatment was not high. HCC surveillance after SVR12 is recommended for chronic hepatitis C patients with cirrhosis.
Construction and Investigation of an lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network of Pancreatic Cancer via bioinformatics analysis
Authors: yang zilin , tang yuming , wu xuejiao , wang jiancheng , yao weiyan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
PurposePancreatic cancer causes a malignant digestive tumour with an unfavourable prognosis and insidious onset. The regulation mechanisms of pancreatic cancer were connected to the abnormal accommodate of diverse signaling pathways. Studies had increasingly indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNA (mRNAs) could play crucial roles during tumorigenesis. This study designs to detect functional genes and determine the potential molecular mechanisms of pancreatic cancer through bioinformatics.MethodsWe made a comprehensive comparison on the RNA-sequencing using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and established a dysregulated lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. In addition, several functional analyses in the competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) network were conducted by Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). In addition, survival analysis and clinical feature analysis were made by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and linkedOmics. Proliferation, migration tests were selected to examine the roles of mir-130b in pancreatic cancer. Results23 lncRNAs, 40 miRNAs and 1613 mRNAs were aberrantly expressed in pancreatic cancer. We constructed a dysregulated ceRNA network with 11 lncRNAs, 19 miRNAs, and 66 mRNAs. A group of 121 interconnections was constructed in the ceRNA network. These upregulated DEmRNAs were mainly enriched in the mitotic spindle, were involved the transcription by RNA polymerase II, were related to E-box binding and participated in bacterial invasion of epithelial cells and yersinia infection etc. in contrast, the these upregulated DEmiRNAs were mainly enriched in spanning component of the plasma membrane, were involved in pyrimidine nucleobase catabolic process, were related to pyridoxal phosphate binding and participated in beta-Alanine metabolism and propanoate metabolism etc.. The survival analysis showed that 1 lncRNAs, 4 miRNAs, and 18 mRNAs might be potential factors for the prognostic prediction of pancreatic cancer. The strong positive relationships were found between candidate lncRNAs and candidate mRNAs targeted by miR-130b, CYTOR interacts with FRMD6 and TCF4, while HOXA11-AS interacts with MET regulated by miR-130b. MiR-130b was found that its overexpression could inhibit the proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer cells, and lower expression of miR-130b was connected with longer survival of pancreatic cancer patients.ConclusionOur research provided further acknowledges the molecular mechanisms underlying pancreatic cancer and laid strong ground for improving pancreatic cancer diagnosis and prognosis by establishing the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network via bioinformatics analysis.
Behavioural and Metabolic Reactions of Common Predatory Carabid Beetle to Thiamethoxam Intoxication
Authors: Tatalović Lara Ivanković , Mašek Tomislav , Jelaska Lucija Šerić 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Carabids (Coleoptera: Carabidae) are abundant predators in ecosystems that act as agents in biocontrol against pest species in agroecosystems and forestry. Studies have shown that exposure to pesticides, including neonicotinoids, can cause lethal and sub-lethal effects on their behaviour and physiology, which can impact predation efficiency. Here we test the impact of thiamethoxam, among the most used neonicotinoids on the feeding rate, locomotion, metabolomics, and oxidative stress level in a predatory carabid, Abax parallelus. Beetles were exposed to increasing concentrations of thiamethoxam by dipping method, and left to feed overnight. The mass of the consumed food per body weight was calculated for each beetle. The locomotor ability was observed for 48 hours after the treatment. Metabolomics profile and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in their tissue were scanned. The results showed that individuals treated with higher concentrations (20 and 40 mg/L) had significantly lower feeding rates and a higher share of intoxicated and moribund individuals. Feeding rate and locomotion did not differ significantly between control and groups treated with lower concentrations of thiamethoxam. There are statistically significant differences in concentrations of some metabolites between treated individuals and control group, primary in succinate and d-glucose, indicating a disruption in energy production. On the other hand, there is no statistically significant differences in SOD activity among the groups. To conclude, short-term exposure to thiamethoxam can result in negative sub-lethal effects in predatory activity, behaviour and energy budget, while the effects of long-term exposure to lower doses require further research.
Readiness Of Health Facilities To Deliver Non-Communicable Diseases Services In Kenya: A National Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Wami Welcome Mkhululi , Ammoun Rita , Otieno Peter , Schultsz Constance , Kyobutungi Catherine , Asiki Gershim 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for an estimated 71% of all global deaths annually and nearly 80% of these deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to assess the readiness of existing healthcare systems at different levels of care in delivering NCDs management and prevention services in Kenya.Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 258 facilities was conducted between June 2019 and December 2020 using multistage sampling, examining facility readiness based on the availability of indicators such as equipment, diagnostic capacity, medicines and commodities, trained staff and guidelines for NCDs management. Readiness scores were calculated as the mean availability of tracer items expressed as a percentage and a cut-off threshold of ≥70% was used to classify facilities as “ready” to manage NCDs. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed to assess the readiness of facilities by type, level, and location settings. Logistic regressions were used to identify factors associated with the readiness of facilities to provide disease-specific services. Results: Of the surveyed facilities, 94% offered chronic respiratory disease (CRD) diagnosis and/or management services, 82% diabetes, 65% cardiovascular disease (CVD), and only 24% cervical cancer screening services. The mean readiness scores for diabetes (74%; 95% CI: 70-77) and CVD (69%; 95% CI: 66-72) were relatively high. Although CRD services were reportedly the most widely available, its mean readiness score was low (48%; 95% CI: 45-50). The majority of facilities offering cervical cancer services had all the necessary tracer items available to provide these services. Modeling results revealed that private facilities were more likely to be “ready” to offer NCDs services than public facilities. Similarly, hospitals were more “ready” to provide NCDs services compared to primary health facilities. These disparities in service readiness extended to the regional and urban/rural divide.Conclusions: Important gaps in the current readiness of facilities to manage NCDs in Kenya at different levels of care were revealed, showing variations by disease and healthcare facility type. A collective approach is therefore needed to bridge the gap between resource availability and population healthcare needs.
Exposure To Persistent Organic Pollutants Alters The Serum Metabolome In Non-Obese Diabetic Mice
Authors: Sinioja Tim , Bodin Johanna , Duberg Daniel , Dirven Hubert , Berntsen Hanne Friis , Zimmer Karin , Nygaard Unni C. , Orešič Matej , Hyötyläinen Tuulia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Autoimmune disorders such as type 1 diabetes (T1D) are believed to be caused by the interplay between several genetic and environmental factors. Elucidation of the role of environmental factors in metabolic and immune dysfunction leading to autoimmune disease is not yet well characterized. Here we investigated the impact of exposure to a mixture of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) on the metabolome in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, an experimental model of T1D. The mixture contained organochlorides, organobromides, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Analysis of molecular lipids (lipidomics) and bile acids in serum samples was performed by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS, while polar metabolites were analyzed by GC-Q-TOF/MS. Experimental exposure to the POP mixture in these mice led to several metabolic changes, which were similar to those previously reported as associated with PFAS exposure, as well as risk of T1D in human studies. This included an increase in the levels of sugar derivatives, triacylglycerols and lithocholic acid, and a decrease in long chain fatty acids and several lipid classes, including phosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylcholines and sphingomyelins. Taken together, our study demonstrates that exposure to POPs results in an altered metabolic signature previously associated with autoimmunity.