bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Structural Complexity of Various Elements of Systems
Authors: Tristono Tomi , Karuniawati Fardiana , Cahyono Setiyo Daru , Aji Seno , Utomo Pradityo 
Published: January 2022

This paper is aimed to describe the structural complexity of the traffic light control system. The structural complexity represents an interrelationship indicator between the various elements functions. The traffic light control system has several additional features that are synchronized to the railway doorstop, and the time interval for the green signals is expanded. For determining the method of its structural complexity, the Petri net model is used. Three kinds of traffic lights models are explored, namely standard, Norwegian, and the Norwegian improvement. The study results indicate that the Norwegian traffic lights have the most complex structure when regular implementation. The runner up is the Norwegian improvement. The most ideal is the standard traffic lights. Norwegian improvement is the most ideal when integrated with the railway doorstop and implemented extra green signals time interval. The Norwegian traffic light is the second. The standard traffic lights structural complexity fluctuates. It means that the Norwegian traffic light and its improvement are suitably used. Adding several features improve the structural complexity approaching the ideal system while extra controllers accompany each element.
HIGHLIGHTS

The Petri net model can represent the structural complexity of a system
The method that can measure the structural complexity becomes ideal for actual implementation
The Norwegian traffic lights structural complexities and improvements are ideal for the systems synchronized to the railway and appropriate for systems using the extra green signal time intervals or other additional features

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
The Perceptions and Self-management of Depressive Symptoms in Men: A Qualitative Study in a Province of Northeastern Thailand
Authors: Kaewjanta Netchanok , Rungreangkulkij Somporn 
Published: January 2022

Men and women may experience depression very differently. The previous studies found that women expressed emotional distress mean that they were more likely to be diagnosed with depression, while some men with depression tried to hide their emotions, so causing them to have delayed treatment. This qualitative research aimed to study the perception and management of depressive symptoms in Thai males before receiving treatment with psychiatric specialists. The participants who were diagnosed major depressive disorders and dysthymic disorders were 23 men by purposive sampling was used. Data were collected through in-depth interviews by a semi-structured interview, which was based on literature review and it was verified by advisor, the second author who experienced of qualitative study. Analyzed by content analysis based on the process of Colaizzi. The finding revealed that the perception and management of depressive symptoms were divided into 3 phases. Phrase 1 was the perception of abnormal symptoms affecting daily activities but an attempt to hide it and struggling for a normal life. Phrase 2 showed that Thai men’s perception of symptoms were thinking too much, ruminative thought causing suffering, and then trying to release the suffering and control ruminative thought. Phrase 3 was the perception of loneliness, hopelessness, suicidal thoughts, and then trying to seek help. Healthcare providers can use the findings as information for developing screening tools specific to Thai men. The information can also be used to develop psycho-education tools for close ones or family members to recognize and understand early symptoms so that care, assistance and access to treatment can be provided before severe depression is developed. The research was only carried out in 1 area, the results could not be generalized, besides that it could have multiple meanings or be biased if it was carried out in other areas with different cultures.
HIGHLIGHTS

Men and women may express symptoms of depression differently, women expressed emotional distress which meant that they were more likely to be diagnosed with depression, while some men with depression tried to hide their emotions
The finding revealed that the perception and management of depressive symptoms were divided into 3 phases according to the duration and the perceived severity of the symptoms
Phrase 1 was the perception of abnormal symptoms affecting daily activities but an attempt to hide it and struggling for a normal life. Phrase 2 showed that Thai men’s perception of symptoms were thinking too much, ruminative thought causing suffering, and then trying to release the suffering and control ruminative thought. Phrase 3 was the perception of loneliness, hopelessness, suicidal thoughts, and then trying to seek help
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar IPA Menggunakan Model Cooperative Learning Tipe Student Teams Achievment Division (STAD)
Authors: Yanti Sri 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauhmana peningkatan hasil belajar IPA dengan menggunakan model cooperative learning tipe student teams achievment division (STAD) pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 5 taliwang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research), prosedur PTK terdiri dari 2 siklus atau lebih. Setiap siklus dilaksanakan sesuai dengan perubahan yang ingin dicapai. Setiap siklus terdiri dari: 1) perencanaan, 2) pelaksanaan tindakan, 3) observasi, 4) refleksi, Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 5 Taliwang. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran IPA materi cahaya menggunakan model cooperative learning tipe STAD di kelas VIII SMP Negeri 5 Taliwang mengalami peningkatan setiap siklusnya, hal ini terlihat dari tingkat ketuntasan belajar peserta didik per siklus yaitu pada pra siklus dengan KKM 75 siswa pra siklus ada 8 siswa atau 33.33% yang tuntas, kemudian mengalami kenaikan pada siklus I yaitu ada 13 siswa atau 54.17% dan pada siklus II ada 20 siswa atau 83.33%, sedangkan keaktifan belajar peserta didik siklus I yaitu ada 11 siswa atau 45.83% dan pada siklus II ada 21 siswa atau 87.50%, hasil tersebut sesuai indikator yang ditentukan.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the combined use of ozonation treatment to improve the quality of grain distillates
Authors: Никитина Светлана Юрьевна , Шахов Сергей Васильевич , Пыльный Дмитрий Витальевич 
Published: January 2022

В настоящей статье проведена оценка совместного влияния озонирования и ультразвуковой обработки на физико-химические и органолептические свойства дистиллятов. Воздействие озона позволило окислить ряд минорных конгенеров этанола, ультразвуковая обработка применялась для интенсивного перемешивания реакционной смеси. Объектом исследования являлся спиртовый дистиллят, произведенный промышленным способом из зернового сырья на установке непрерывного действия. Для сравнения органолептических свойств дистиллятов применен сенсорный профильный способ, позволяющий визуализировать качества исследуемого продукта в виде графических профилограмм запаха, вкуса и послевкусия. Исследование аромата образцов осуществлялось с помощью многоканального газоанализатора и методики «электронный нос», в качестве измерительного массива применены сенсоры на основе пьезокварцевых резонаторов с пленочными сорбентами на электродах. В процессе обработки дистиллята по выбранной методике на первом этапе эффективно уменьшалось содержание легколетучих микропримесей с незначительным накоплением более тяжелых гомологов, что позволяло получить продукт с гармоничным вкусом и запахом, увеличение времени обработки способствовало накоплению соединений, ухудшающих органолептические характеристики. По совокупности показателей было определено оптимальное время озоно-ультразвуковой обработки спиртовых дистиллятов - 6 мин.
An assessment of the combined effect of ozonation and ultrasonic treatment on the physical- and chemical and organoleptic properties of distillates was done in the work. Exposure to ozone made it possible to oxidize a number of minor ethanol congeners; ultrasonic treatment was used to intensively stir the reaction mixture. The object of study was an alcoholic distillate produced industrially from grain raw materials in a continuous operation. The sensory profile method, which allows visualizing the quality of the investigated product in the form of graphical profilograms of smell, taste and aftertaste, was used to compare the organoleptic properties of distillates. The study of the samples aroma was carried out using a multichannel gas analyzer and the «electronic nose» technique. Sensors based on piezoelectric quartz resonators with film sorbents on electrodes were used as a measuring array. The content of highly volatile microimpurities with insignificant accumulation of heavier homologues was effectively reduced at the first stage during the processing of the distillate according to the selected method. This allowed to obtain a product with a harmonious taste and smell. The increase in processing time contributed to the accumulation of compounds that degrade organoleptic characteristics. The optimal time for ozone-ultrasonic treatment of alcoholic distillates, equal to 6 min, was determined by a set of indicators.
Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. Indonesia Applicad
Authors: Fajri Chotamul , Amelya Adinda , Suworo Suworo 
Published: January 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara parsial dan simultan kepuasan kerja dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT Indonesia Applicad. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif pendekatan assosiatif dengan sampel jenuh sebanyak 55 karyawan, analisis data menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi, analisis koefisien korelasi, analisis koefisien determinasi dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepuasan kerja (X1) dan disiplin kerja (X2) berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan diperoleh persamaan regresi Y = 9,188+0,381 X1 + 0,383 X2. Nilai koefisien korelasi atau tingkat pengaruh antara variabel bebas dengan variabel terikat diperoleh sebesar 0,642 artinya memiliki pengaruh yang kuat. Nilai koefisien determinasi atau kontribusi pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja secara simultan sebesar 39% sedangkan sisanya sebesar 61% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain. Pengujian hipotesis menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh baik secara parsial maupun simultan kepuasan kerja dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Indonesia Applicad.
A Critical Analysis of Publications in The IJO Over 2006-15
Authors: Gupta Shalini , Amitava A K 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
To qualitatively evaluate original articles in the IJO published over the decade from 2006 to 2015, using specific critical appraisal checklists (CACL), to assess whether publications have improved over time.

Methods:
All articles were classified either as systematic reviews/meta-analysis; randomised control trials; before and after studies; cohort studies; observational or descriptive and diagnostic test studies: and Economic analysis scored using CACLs. Scores were converted to percentages and compared between the earlier five years (E5Ys) and the later five (L5Ys). Annual trend in article counts and CACL scores were assessed. T-test and ANOVA, with significance set at p < 0.05 was used. 95% CIs are quoted.

Results:
Of a total of 529 original articles, there were 159 in the E5Ys, in 28 issues, while in the L5Ys; there were 370 articles in 48 issues. The mean score for E5Ys was 81.9±9.8% compared to 80.9±12.4% for L5Ys: p=0.26. Maximum articles (134) were in 2014. No significant trends in number and scores were observed.

Conclusions:
There were no significant qualitative differences in the quality of articles during the decade 2006 to 2015. Vitreoretinal subspecialty and observational studies formed the main bulk of articles published in the IJO during this decade. Systematic reviews and meta-analysis, considered the highest level of evidence, have scored the least on CACL.
Cascade‐Targeting Poly(amino acid) Nanoparticles Eliminate Intracellular Bacteria via On‐Site Antibiotic Delivery
Authors: Feng Wenli , Li Guofeng , Kang Xiaoxu , Wang Ruibai , Liu Fang , Zhao Dongdong , Li Haofei , Bu Fanqiang , Yu Yingjie , Moriarty T. Fintan , Ren Qun , Wang Xing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntracellular bacteria in latent or dormant states tolerate high‐dose antibiotics. Fighting against these opportunistic bacteria has been a long‐standing challenge. Herein, the design of a cascade‐targeting drug delivery system (DDS) that can sequentially target macrophages and intracellular bacteria, exhibiting on‐site drug delivery, is reported. The DDS is fabricated by encapsulating rifampicin (Rif) into mannose‐decorated poly(α‐N‐acryloyl‐phenylalanine)‐block‐poly(β‐N‐acryloyl‐d‐aminoalanine) nanoparticles, denoted as Rif@FAM NPs. The mannose units on Rif@FAM NPs guide the initial macrophage‐specific uptake and intracellular accumulation. After the uptake, the detachment of mannose in acidic phagolysosome via Schiff base cleavage exposes the d‐aminoalanine moieties, which subsequently steer the NPs to escape from lysosomes and target intracellular bacteria through peptidoglycan‐specific binding, as evidenced by the in situ/ex situ co‐localization using confocal, flow cytometry, and transmission electron microscopy. Through the on‐site Rif delivery, Rif@FAM NPs show superior in vitro and in vivo elimination efficiency than the control groups of free Rif or the DDSs lacking the macrophages‐ or bacteria‐targeting moieties. Furthermore, Rif@FAM NPs remodel the innate immune response of the infected macrophages by upregulating M1/M2 polarization, resulting in a reinforced antibacterial capacity. Therefore, this biocompatible DDS enabling macrophages and bacteria targeting in a cascade manner provides a new outlook for the therapy of intracellular pathogen infection.
Civil juror compensation and judgments of police use of force at the intersection of race and mental illness
Authors: Sturges Haley A. , Flick Cassandra , Provenza Karlee , Nunez Narina 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMore than 53 million people come in contact with police each year, with people of color and those with mental illness (MI) being subjected to increased rates of contact. Sometimes police and civilian interactions have fatal outcomes, and these populations are disproportionately affected. As a result, families of these victims sometimes seek monetary compensation through civil litigation. The current study sought to understand how victim race and mental illness might impact civil juror decision‐making in deadly police use of force cases. Participants (N = 177) were exposed to trial evidence and were assessed on a number of dimensions. Results display a strong influence of mock jurors' attitudes toward police legitimacy on compensatory damages, as well as interaction effects between attitudes toward police legitimacy and victim race on punitive damage awards and opinions on what professional consequences the involved police officer should face. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Outcomes of chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: Simsek Bahadir , Kostantinis Spyridon , Karacsonyi Judit , Alaswad Khaldoon , Karmpaliotis Dimitri , Masoumi Amirali , Jaffer Farouc A. , Doshi Darshan , Khatri Jaikirshan , Poommipanit Paul , Gorgulu Sevket , Goktekin Omer , Krestyaninov Oleg , Davies Rhian , ElGuindy Ahmed , Jefferson Brian K. , Patel Taral N. , Patel Mitul , Chandwaney Raj H. , Mashayekhi Kambis , Galassi Alfredo R. , Rangan Bavana V. , Brilakis Emmanouil S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the success and safety of coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has received limited study.MethodsWe examined the clinical characteristics and outcomes of CTO PCI in the Prospective Global Registry for the Study of CTO Intervention (PROGRESS‐CTO) after stratifying patients by LVEF (≤35%, 36%–49%, and ≥50%).ResultsA total of 7827 CTO PCI procedures with LVEF data were included. Mean age was 64 ± 10 years, 81% were men, 43% had diabetes mellitus, 61% had prior PCI, 45% had prior myocardial infarction, and 29% had prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Technical success was similar in the three LVEF strata: 85%, 86%, and 87%, p = 0.391 for LVEF ≤35%, 36%–49%, and ≥50%, respectively. In‐hospital mortality was higher in lower LVEF patients (1.1%, 0.4%, and 0.3%, respectively, p = 0.001). In‐hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were numerically higher in lower EF patients (2.7%, 2.1%, and 1.9%, p = 0.271). At a median follow‐up of 2 months (interquartile range: 19‐350 days), patients with lower LVEF continued to have higher mortality (4.9%, 3.2%, and 1.4%, p < 0.001) while the MACE rates were similar (9.3%, 9.6%, and 7.4%, p = 0.172).ConclusionCTO PCI can be performed with high technical success in patients with reduced LVEF but is associated with higher in‐hospital and post‐discharge mortality.
Sex differences in prehospital analgesia in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes and their association with clinical outcomes
Authors: Nan Tie Emilia , Fernando Himawan , Nehme Ziad , Dinh Diem , Andrew Emily , Brennan Angela , Zaman Sarah , Liew Danny , Stephenson Michael , Lefkovits Jeffrey , Peter Karlheinz , Duffy Stephen J. , Shaw James , Smith Karen , Stub Dion 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study examined if sex differences in prehospital pain scores, opioid administration, and clinical outcomes exist in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients.BackgroundSex differences persist in ACS presentation, management, and outcomes. The impact of sex differences on prehospital pain management of ACS with opioids is unknown.MethodsPatients presenting with ACS via ambulance (2014–2018) that underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were prospectively collected via the Victorian Cardiac Outcomes Registry and Melbourne Interventional Group, linked to the Ambulance Victoria database. The primary outcome was 30‐day major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Secondary outcomes were descriptive analyses of prehospital pain score, intravenous morphine equivalent analgesic dosing, plus predictors of MACE and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) 0–1 flow pre‐PCI.ResultsA total of 10,547 patients were included (female: 2775 [26%]). Opioids were administered to 1585 (57%) females, 5068 (65%) males (p < 0.001). Adjusted 30‐day MACE was similar between opioid groups in both sexes (female: odds ratio [OR]: 1.21, confidence interval [CI] 0.82–1.79, p = 0.34; male: OR: 0.89, CI: 0.68–1.16, p = 0.40). Median pain score at presentation was 6 (interquartile range [IQR]: 4, 8) for both sexes. Median opioid dose was 2.5 mg (IQR: 0, 10) in females and 5 mg (IQR: 0, 10) in males (p < 0.001), with similar pain relief achieved. Adjusted rates of TIMI 0‐1 pre‐PCI were higher in patients administered opioids (female: OR 2.9, CI: 2.07–4.07, p < 0.001; male: OR: 2.67, CI: 2.19–3.25, p < 0.001).ConclusionsFemale patients undergoing PCI received less opioid analgesia, but no sex differences in prehospital pain scores were seen. Opioid administration was associated with impaired antegrade flow in the culprit artery in both sexes, but not short‐term MACE. Trials evaluating nonopioid analgesics in ACS are needed.
Investigation of mixing performance in a semi‐active T‐micromixer actuated by magnetic nanoparticles: Characterization via Villermaux–Dushman reaction
Authors: Azimi Neda , Rahimi Masoud , Hosseini Fardin , Jafari Omid 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA semi‐active T‐type micromixer is designed to intensify micromixing by actuating magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Five permanent magnets in a zig‐zag arrangement are located next to the mixing channel of the micromixer to apply the magnetic field to the fluid flow. Micromixing performance is considered in terms of the segregation index (XS) by the Villermaux/Dushman reaction test. The effects of magnetic flux intensity (B = 380–500 mT), the concentration of MNPs (φ = 0.002–0.01 [w/v]), and flow rate ratios on XS and pressure drop are investigated. By increasing MNPs concentration from φ = 0.002–0.008 (w/v), XS decreased and the rise in φ up to 0.008 (w/v) has not been significant on XS. Maximum mixing efficiency (i.e., minimum XS = 0.0088) is achieved for B = 500 mT and φ = 0.01 (w/v). By applying the magnetic field, the mixing performance increased due to the motion of MNPs, but its negative effect is an increase in the pressure drop along the micromixer reactor. Generally, with the formation of MNPs barriers inside the mixing channel, the main fluid flows through these layers and creates the sinusoidal flow paths compared to no magnetic field conditions, and thus, a superior mixing efficiency could be attained.
Chemical characterization of Brazilian propolis using automated direct thermal desorption–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Ribeiro Victor P , Ccana‐Ccapatinta Gari V , Aldana‐Mejía Jennyfer A , Berretta Andresa A , Moraes Luiz AB , Bastos Jairo K 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDPropolis, produced by honey bees, is used around the world, displaying several corroborated biological activities. Brazil is one of the leading producers of propolis, with a great diversity of types, each with a characteristically chemical fingerprint influenced by the flora of the local region. The secondary metabolite's composition of propolis strongly impacts its biological properties, and its chemical characterization is of great importance for its quality control. Several chromatographic techniques have been applied to characterize propolis, highlighting the extraction of its volatiles and its analysis through gas chromatography. Fourteen Brazilian propolis samples collected in four states, including brown, green and red propolis types, were chemically characterized using the automated direct thermal desorption–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (DTD–GC–MS).RESULTSRed propolis type was characterized by acyclic saturated hydrocarbons, fatty alcohols, terpenes, and phenylpropanoids as nonacosane, α‐copaene, β‐amyrin acetate, anethole, and 7‐O‐methylvestitol. Brown propolis presented hydrocarbons, monoterpenes, and sesquiterpenes, as α‐pinene and α‐bisabolol. Brazilian green propolis presented polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and sesquiterpenes, including 1‐methyl‐octahydroanthracene, 2,5‐dimethyl‐γ‐oxo‐benzenebutanoic acid, nerolidol, and spathulenol. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed, allowing for clustering brown and red propolis types, indicating a divergence with the chemical composition of the green propolis samples. The hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) allowed the chemical fingerprint of each propolis type to be differentiated.CONCLUSIONRed propolis was characterized by sesquiterpenes, pterocarpans, and isoflavans; brown propolis was characterized by hydrocarbons, aldehydes, and monoterpenes, while green propolis samples were characterized by the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, sesquiterpenes, and naphthalene derivatives. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.