bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of azithromycin mass drug administration on the antibiotic-resistant gut microbiome in children: a randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Pickering Harry , Hart John D. , Burr Sarah , Stabler Richard , Maleta Ken , Kalua Khumbo , Bailey Robin L. , Holland Martin J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundMass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin is the primary strategy for global trachoma control efforts. Numerous studies have reported secondary effects of MDA with azithromycin, including reductions in childhood mortality, diarrhoeal disease and malaria. Most recently, the MORDOR clinical trial demonstrated that MDA led to an overall reduction in all-cause childhood mortality in targeted communities. There is however concern about the potential of increased antimicrobial resistance in treated communities. This study evaluated the impact of azithromycin MDA on the prevalence of gastrointestinal carriage of macrolide-resistant bacteria in communities within the MORDOR Malawi study, additionally profiling changes in the gut microbiome after treatment. For faecal metagenomics, 60 children were sampled prior to treatment and 122 children after four rounds of MDA, half receiving azithromycin and half placebo.ResultsThe proportion of bacteria carrying macrolide resistance increased after azithromycin treatment. Diversity and global community structure of the gut was minimally impacted by treatment, however abundance of several species was altered by treatment. Notably, the putative human enteropathogenEscherichia albertiiwas more abundant after treatment.ConclusionsMDA with azithromycin increased carriage of macrolide-resistant bacteria, but had limited impact on clinically relevant bacteria. However, increased abundance of enteropathogenicEscherichiaspecies after treatment requires further, higher resolution investigation. Future studies should focus on the number of treatments and administration schedule to ensure clinical benefits continue to outweigh costs in antimicrobial resistance carriage.Trial registrationClinicalTrial.gov, NCT02047981. Registered January 29th 2014,https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02047981
An inertial iterative algorithm for generalized equilibrium problems and Bregman relatively nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces
Authors: Alansari Monairah , Farid Mohammad , Ali Rehan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to introduce and study an inertial hybrid iterative method for solving generalized equilibrium problems involving Bregman relatively nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces. We study the strong convergence for the proposed algorithm. Finally, we list some consequences and computational example to emphasize the efficiency and relevancy of main result.
The use of Big Data Analytics in healthcare
Authors: Batko Kornelia , Ślęzak Andrzej 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe introduction of Big Data Analytics (BDA) in healthcare will allow to use new technologies both in treatment of patients and health management. The paper aims at analyzing the possibilities of using Big Data Analytics in healthcare. The research is based on a critical analysis of the literature, as well as the presentation of selected results of direct research on the use of Big Data Analytics in medical facilities. The direct research was carried out based on research questionnaire and conducted on a sample of 217 medical facilities in Poland. Literature studies have shown that the use of Big Data Analytics can bring many benefits to medical facilities, while direct research has shown that medical facilities in Poland are moving towards data-based healthcare because they use structured and unstructured data, reach for analytics in the administrative, business and clinical area. The research positively confirmed that medical facilities are working on both structural data and unstructured data. The following kinds and sources of data can be distinguished: from databases, transaction data, unstructured content of emails and documents, data from devices and sensors. However, the use of data from social media is lower as in their activity they reach for analytics, not only in the administrative and business but also in the clinical area. It clearly shows that the decisions made in medical facilities are highly data-driven. The results of the study confirm what has been analyzed in the literature that medical facilities are moving towards data-based healthcare, together with its benefits.
Bone density may affect primary stability of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction when organic core bone plug fixation technique used
Authors: Dehestani Pouya , Farahmand Farzam , Borjali Amirhossein , Bashti Kaveh , Chizari Mahmoud 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Core Bone Plug Fixation (CBPF) technique is an implant-less methodology for ACL reconstruction. This study investigates the effect of bone density on CBPF stability to identify the bone quality that is likely to benefit from this technique.

Methods
Artificial blocks with 160 (Group 1), 240 (Group 2), and 320 (Group 3) kg/m3 densities were used to simulate human bone with diverse qualities. These groups are representative of the elderly, middle age and young people, respectively. A tunnel was made in each test sample using a cannulated drill bit which enabled harvesting the core bone plug intact. Fresh animal tendon grafts were prepared and passed through the tunnel, so the core bone was pushed in to secure the tendon. The fixation stability was tested by applying a cyclic load following by a pullout load until the failure occurred. The selected group was compared with interference screw fixation technique as a gold standard method in ACL reconstruction.

Results
The Group 2 stiffness and yield strength were significantly larger than Group 1. The graft slippage of Group 1 was significantly less than Group 3. The ultimate strengths were 310 N and 363 N, in Groups 2 and 3, significantly larger than that of Group 1. The ultimate strength in fixation by interference screw was 693.18 N, significantly larger than the bone plug method.

Conclusions
The stability of CBPF was greatly affected by bone density. This technique is more suitable for young and middle-aged people. With further improvements, the CBPF might be an alternative ACL reconstruction technique for patients with good bone quality.

Clinical relevance
The CBPF technique offers an implant-less organic ACL reconstruction technique with numerous advantages and likely would speed up the healing process by using the patient’s own bones and tissues rather than any non-biologic fixations.
Radiomics nomogram for the preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Bian Yun , Guo Shiwei , Jiang Hui , Gao Suizhi , Shao Chengwei , Cao Kai , Fang Xu , Li Jing , Wang Li , Ma Chao , Zheng Jianming , Jin Gang , Lu Jianping 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To develop and validate a radiomics nomogram for the preoperative prediction of lymph node (LN) metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Materials and methods
In this retrospective study, 225 patients with surgically resected, pathologically confirmed PDAC underwent multislice computed tomography (MSCT) between January 2014 and January 2017. Radiomics features were extracted from arterial CT scans. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method was used to select the features. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to develop the predictive model, and a radiomics nomogram was built and internally validated in 45 consecutive patients with PDAC between February 2017 and December 2017. The performance of the nomogram was assessed in the training and validation cohort. Finally, the clinical usefulness of the nomogram was estimated using decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results
The radiomics signature, which consisted of 13 selected features of the arterial phase, was significantly associated with LN status (p < 0.05) in both the training and validation cohorts. The multivariable logistic regression model included the radiomics signature and CT-reported LN status. The individualized prediction nomogram showed good discrimination in the training cohort [area under the curve (AUC), 0.75; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.68–0.82] and in the validation cohort (AUC, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.69–0.94) and good calibration. DCA demonstrated that the radiomics nomogram was clinically useful.

Conclusions
The presented radiomics nomogram that incorporates the radiomics signature and CT-reported LN status is a noninvasive, preoperative prediction tool with favorable predictive accuracy for LN metastasis in patients with PDAC.
Retrospective Analysis of Training Intensity Distribution Based on Race Pace Versus Physiological Benchmarks in Highly Trained Sprint Kayakers
Authors: Matzka Manuel , Leppich Robert , Sperlich Billy , Zinner Christoph 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundResearch results on the training intensity distribution (TID) in endurance athletes are equivocal. This non-uniformity appears to be partially founded in the different quantification methods that are implemented. So far, TID research has solely focused on sports involving the lower-body muscles as prime movers (e.g. running). Sprint kayaking imposes high demands on the upper-body endurance capacity of the athlete. As there are structural and physiological differences between upper- and lower-body musculature, TID in kayaking should be different to lower-body dominant sports. Therefore, we aimed to compare the training intensity distribution during an 8-wk macrocycle in a group of highly trained sprint kayakers employing three different methods of training intensity quantification.MethodsHeart rate (HR) and velocity during on-water training of nine highly trained German sprint kayakers were recorded during the final 8 weeks of a competition period leading to the national championships. The fractional analysis of TID was based on three zones (Z) derived from either HR (TIDBla-HR) or velocity (TIDBla-V) based on blood lactate (Bla) concentrations (Z1 ≤ 2.5 mmol L−1Bla, Z2 = 2.5–4.0 mmol L−1Bla, Z3 ≥ 4.0 mmol L−1Bla) of an incremental test or the 1000-m race pace (TIDRace): Z1 ≤ 85% of race pace, Z2 = 86–95% and Z3 ≥ 95%.ResultsTIDBla-V(Z1: 68%, Z2: 14%, Z3: 18%) differed from TIDBla-HR(Z1: 91%, Z2: 6%, Z3: 3%) in each zone (allp < 0.01). TIDRace(Z1: 73%, Z2: 20%, Z3: 7%) differed to Z3 in TIDBla-V(p < 0.01) and all three TIDBla-HRzones (allp < 0.01). Individual analysis revealed ranges of Z1, Z2, Z3 fractions for TIDBla-HRof 85–98%, 2–11% and 0.1–6%. For TIDBla-V, the individual ranges were 41–82% (Z1), 6–30% (Z2) and 8–30% (Z3) and for TIDRace64–81% (Z1), 14–29% (Z2) and 4–10% (Z3).ConclusionThe results show that the method of training intensity quantification substantially affects the fraction of TID in well-trained sprint kayakers. TIDRacedetermination shows low interindividual variation compared to the physiologically based TIDBla-HRand TIDBla-V. Depending on the aim of the analysis TIDRace, TIDBla-HRand TIDBla-Vhave advantages as well as drawbacks and may be implemented in conjunction to maximize adaptation.
Conjunctival lymphangiectasia and retinal angiopathy in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis
Authors: Patil Nikhil S. , Iqbal Munir M. , Bursztyn Lulu L. C. D. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR amyloidosis) is a rare condition where a mutation in the transthyretin gene leads to systemic deposition of amyloid. The manifestations and prognosis of ATTR amyloidosis depends on the specific ATTR mutation, with over 100 mutations reported in the literature. The manifestations of many rare forms of ATTR amyloidosis have not been well described, particularly the late-onset ophthalmic findings.

Case presentation
We present the case of a 43-year-old Caucasian male with a diagnosis of ATTRD18E amyloidosis confirmed by fat pad biopsy. He had diffuse systemic involvement, including cardiovascular, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal symptoms. He also had significant ocular involvement including vitreous opacities, retinal angiopathy, and conjunctival lymphangiectasia. These ocular findings modestly progressed at 2-year follow-up.

Discussion
The ATTRD18E mutation is a rare variant, with few described cases. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of ATTRD18E amyloidosis with significant ocular involvement. These ocular findings may serve as a relevant biomarker for severe disease prognosis in ATTRD18E amyloidosis. With improving treatments addressing the systemic symptoms of ATTR amyloidosis, a better understanding of the late-onset ocular symptoms is becoming increasingly relevant.
What do they TEL(L)? A systematic analysis of master programs in technology-enhanced learning
Authors: Fominykh Mikhail , Weidlich Joshua , Kalz Marco , Hybertsen Ingunn Dahler 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article contributes to the debate on the growing number of interdisciplinary study programs in learning and technology, and aims to understand the diversity of programs as well as curricula structure in an international landscape. Scientific fields share their knowledge and recruit young researchers by offering discipline-specific study programs. Thus, study programs are a reflection of the fields they represent. As technology-enhanced learning is considered to be particularly interdisciplinary and heterogenous, it is important to better understand the landscape of study programs that represents the field. This article presents an analysis of master programs in technology-enhanced learning. A systematic review and analysis of master programs offered in English has been conducted and further used as input for hierarchical cluster analysis. The study identified general characteristics, curricula structure, and organization of topics of these programs. Hierarchical cluster analysis and qualitative content analysis helped us to identify the major types of curricular structures and typical topics covered by the courses. Results show that most study programs rely on interdisciplinary subjects in technology-enhanced learning with a considerable number of subjects from education, learning and psychology. Subjects related to technology, information and computer science appear in such programs less frequently.
What do we know about evidence-informed priority setting processes to set population-level health-research agendas: an overview of reviews
Authors: Tan Audrey , Nagraj Sumanth Kumbagere , Nasser Mona , Sharma Tarang , Kuchenmüller Tanja 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
This overview aimed to synthesize existing systematic reviews to produce a draft framework of evidence-informed health priority setting that supports countries in identifying appropriate steps and methods when developing and implementing national research agendas.

Main body
We searched Ovid MEDLINE® and the WHO Institutional Repository for Information Sharing from 2010 to 2020 for critical or systematic reviews that evaluated research priority setting exercises. We adapted the AMSTAR checklist to assess the quality of included reviews and used adapted frameworks for data extraction and analysis. The search resulted in 2395 titles, of which 31 were included. Populations included in the reviews typically involved patients, families and carers, researchers, clinicians, policymakers and research funders. The topics covered in the reviews varied from specific diseases or conditions, approaches for healthcare practice or research priority setting methods itself. All the included systematic reviews were of low or critically low quality. The studies were thematically grouped based on their main focus: identifying and engaging with stakeholders; methods; context; and health area.

Conclusion
Our overview of reviews has reconfirmed aspects of existing frameworks, but has also identified new concepts for countries to consider while developing their national research agendas. We propose a preliminary framework for consideration that highlights four key phases: (1) preparatory, (2) priority setting, (3) follow-up phase and (4) sustainability phase, which have thirteen sub-domains to consider.
Multifunctional CuO nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic dye degradation and antibacterial activity
Authors: Dulta Kanika , Koşarsoy Ağçeli Gözde , Chauhan Parveen , Jasrotia Rohit , Chauhan P. K. , Ighalo Joshua O. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRhizome extract ofBergenia ciliatawas used as a bio-functional reducing material for the green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs). CuO NPs were characterized using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). XRD analysis revealed the monoclinic phase of synthesized CuO NPs with an average particle size of 20 nm. Spherical shaped nanoscale CuO particles were observed by EDX and SEM confirming the Cu and O presence in the synthesized NPs. CuO NPs showed antibacterial effects againstBacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli,Salmonella typhi. The antioxidant effect was measured and IC50values for 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and Ferric reducing antioxidant power assays were found to be 91.2, 72.4 and 109 μg mL− 1respectively. Under sunlight, the CuO NPs reported extraordinary photocatalytic activity against Methylene Blue and Methyl Red degradation with efficiencies of 92–85%. CuO NPs have excellent potential application for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants and in the development of antibacterial materials. This study offers new insights in the field of inexpensive and green synthesis-based antimicrobial effective CuO photocatalysts fromB. ciliatato remove harmful dyes from industrial-based waters with high degradation efficiency, which is environmentally friendly.
The role of MR venography with time-resolved imaging in diagnosis of pelvic congestion syndrome
Authors: Attia Noha M. , Sayed Mohamed AbuDeif , Galal Mohamed Hossam ElDin , AbdelAleem Mahmoud Ahmed 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) represents a diagnostic challenge due to its variable clinical presentation, complex anatomy, and pathophysiology. Accurate delineation of the venous anatomy, detection of venous reflux or obstruction, its extent will enable interventional radiologists to successfully treat such patients and to avoid recurrence. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows a noninvasive examination of the anatomy and flow inside the pelvic veins in addition to its excellent soft-tissue contrast allowing evaluation of the pelvic organs. Our study is aiming to investigate the role and accuracy of MR venography with time-resolved imaging (TR-MRV) as a diagnostic tool for pretreatment planning of PCS.

Results
Our study included 25 female patients with mean age 48 ± 12.34, who were referred to the radiology department in the period from April/2019 to April/2020 with clinical and ultrasound features suggesting PCS. TR-MRV was performed and interpreted in a blind fashion evaluating the vascular anatomy, venous dilatation, and reflux. The results were compared to conventional venography as a reference. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of TR-MRV in the detection of ovarian vein reflux were 87%, 80%, and 84%, respectively, versus 75%, 53%, and 72% in internal iliac vein reflux and 92%, 69%, and 64% for pelvic venous plexus reflux. Demonstration of the venous anatomy was excellent in 68% of the patients and was sufficient in 32%. Ovarian vein dilatation was detected in 16 patients by venography and in 10 patients by TR-MRV. The weighted k-values (Cohen's Kappa coefficient statistics) indicated excellent agreement between the two observers for identifying all the refluxing veins by TRI in each patient (k = 0.78).

Conclusion
MRI with TR imaging has shown high diagnostic accuracy when compared to conventional venography in evaluating pelvic congestion syndrome before endovascular treatment and thus facilitating treatment planning.
Factorial design approach to fabricate and optimize floating tablets based on combination of natural polymer and rice bran wax
Authors: Sabale Vidya P. , Gadge Gunjan G. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of the present research work was to fabricate a novel gastroretentive drug delivery system in the form of tablets using a combination of natural polymer and rice bran wax with an intention to control drug delivery and to enhance the gastric residence time of the model drug Famotidine in the gastrointestinal tract.

Results
The results of the preliminary trial batches prepared by using the hot melt granulation technique resulting in six different formulations showed good physicochemical characteristics and tablets conformed to the Pharmacopoeial specifications. Gastroretentive tablets containing natural polymer showed prolonged drug release comparable to Methocel. The optimized formulation (C3) using 32 factorial design showed FLT 27 ± 2.47 s, SI 92.68 ± 1.36% and % CDR 98.89 ± 0.39% at 12 h. The stability studies indicated the stability of the formulation during storage.

Conclusions
It was concluded that the release profile fitted best to zero-order equation with non-Fickian diffusion mechanism of drug release which demonstrates swelling-controlled drug release mechanism. Thus, the formulated tablets have the potential for improved release and gastroretentive properties.

Graphical Abstract
Synthesis and in vitro antimicrobial activity of new steroidal hydrazone derivatives
Authors: Mistry Shailesh , Singh Akhilesh Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
For many years, various drugs have been used for the treatment of infectious diseases but some bacterial microorganisms have induced resistance to several drugs. In a search of new antimicrobial agents, a series of new steroidal hydrazones were designed and synthesized.

Result
The structures of the compounds were established based on the spectral data. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of some newly synthesized compounds against bacteria and fungi was studied.

Conclusion
New compounds showed better or similar antimicrobial activity. Designing more efficient steroidal hydrazones from ketosteroid based on the current study may successfully lead to the development of antimicrobial agent.

Graphical abstract