bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of respiratory oscillometry with CT image analysis in a prospective cohort of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Wu Joyce K Y , Ma Jin , Nguyen Lena , Dehaas Emily Leah , Vasileva Anastasiia , Chang Ehren , Liang Jady , Huang Qian Wen , Cassano Antonio , Binnie Matthew , Shapera Shane , Fisher Jolene , Ryan Clodagh M , McInnis Micheal Chad , Hantos Zoltán , Chow Chung-Wai 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundMarkers of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) severity are based on measurements of forced vital capacity (FVC), diffusing capacity (DLCO) and CT. The pulmonary vessel volume (PVV) is a novel quantitative and independent prognostic structural indicator derived from automated CT analysis. The current prospective cross-sectional study investigated whether respiratory oscillometry provides complementary data to pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and is correlated with PVV.MethodsFrom September 2019 to March 2020, we enrolled 89 patients with IPF diagnosed according to international guidelines. We performed standard spectral (5–37 Hz) and novel intrabreath tracking (10 Hz) oscillometry followed by PFTs. Patients were characterised with the gender-age-physiology (GAP) score. CT images within 6 months of oscillometry were analysed in a subgroup (26 patients) using automated lung texture analysis. Correlations between PFTs, oscillometry and imaging variables were investigated using different regression models.FindingsThe cohort (29F/60M; age=71.7±7.8 years) had mild IPF (%FVC=70±17, %DLCO=62±17). Spectral oscillometry revealed normal respiratory resistance, low reactance, especially during inspiration at 5 Hz (X5in), elevated reactance area and resonance frequency. Intrabreath oscillometry identified markedly low reactance at end-inspiration (XeI). XeI and X5in strongly correlated with FVC (r2=0.499 and 0.435) while XeI was highly (p=0.004) and uniquely correlated with the GAP score. XeI and PVV exhibited the strongest structural-functional relationship (r2=0.690), which remained significant after adjusting for %FVC, %DLCO and GAP score.InterpretationXeI is an independent marker of IPF severity that offers additional information to standard PFTs. The data provide a cogent rationale for adding oscillometry in IPF assessment.
Realistic neutron star models in f(T) gravity
Authors: Lin Rui-Hui , Chen Xiao-Ning , Zhai Xiang-Hua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe investigate the nonrotating neutron stars in f(T) gravity with $$f(T)=T+\alpha {T}^2$$

f

(
T
)

=
T
+
α

T

2

, where T is the torsion scalar in the teleparallel formalism of gravity. In particular, we utilize the SLy and BSk family of equations of state for perfect fluid to describe the neutron stellar matter and search for the effects of the f(T) modification on the models of neutron stars. For positive $$\alpha $$
α
, the modification results in a smaller stellar mass in comparison to general relativity, while the neutron stars will contain larger amount of matter for negative $$\alpha $$
α
. Moreover, there seems to be an upper limit for the central density of the neutron stars with $$\alpha >0$$

α
>
0

, beyond which the effective f(T) fluid would have a steplike phase transition in density and pressure profiles, collapsing the numerical system. We obtain the mass–radius relations of the realistic models of neutron stars and subject them to the joint constraints from the observed massive pulsars PSR J0030+0451, PSR J0740+6620, and PSR J2215+5135, and gravitational wave events GW170817 and GW190814. For the neutron star model in f(T) gravity to be able to accommodate all the mentioned data, the model parameter $$\alpha $$
α
needs to be smaller than $$-\,4.295$$

-

4.295

, $$-\,6.476$$

-

6.476

, $$-\,4.4$$

-

4.4

, and $$-\,2.12$$

-

2.12

(in the unit of $${G}^2M_\odot ^2/c^4$$

G

2

M
⊙
2

/

c
4

) for SLy, BSk19, BSk20, and BSk21 equations of state, respectively. If one considers the unknown compact object in the event GW190814 not to be a neutron star and hence excludes this dataset, the constraints can be loosened to $$\alpha <-\,0.594$$

α
<
-

0.594

, $$-\,3.5$$

-

3.5

, 0.4 and 1.9 (in the unit of $${G}^2M_\odot ^2/c^4$$

G

2

M
⊙
2

/

c
4

), respectively.
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Risk of Hyperkalemia in People With Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis of Individual Participant Data From Randomized, Controlled Trials
Authors: Neuen Brendon L. , Oshima Megumi , Agarwal Rajiv , Arnott Clare , Cherney David Z. , Edwards Robert , Langkilde Anna Maria , Mahaffey Kenneth W. , McGuire Darren K. , Neal Bruce , Perkovic Vlado , Pong Annpey , Sabatine Marc S. , Raz Itamar , Toyama Tadashi , Wanner Christoph , Wheeler David C. , Wiviott Stephen D. , Zinman Bernard , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Hyperkalemia increases risk of cardiac arrhythmias and death and limits the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, which improve clinical outcomes in people with chronic kidney disease or systolic heart failure. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of cardiorenal events in people with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk or with chronic kidney disease. However, their effect on hyperkalemia has not been systematically evaluated.

Methods:
A meta-analysis was conducted using individual participant data from randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical outcome trials with SGLT2 inhibitors in people with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk or with chronic kidney disease in whom serum potassium levels were routinely measured. The primary outcome was time to serious hyperkalemia, defined as central laboratory–determined serum potassium ≥6.0 mmol/L, with other outcomes including investigator-reported hyperkalemia events and hypokalemia (serum potassium ≤3.5 mmol/L). Cox regression analyses were performed to estimate treatment effects from each trial with hazards ratios and corresponding 95% CIs pooled with random-effects models to obtain summary treatment effects, overall and across key subgroups.

Results:

Results from 6 trials were included comprising 49 875 participants assessing 4 SGLT2 inhibitors. Of these, 1754 participants developed serious hyperkalemia, and an additional 1119 investigator-reported hyperkalemia events were recorded. SGLT2 inhibitors reduced the risk of serious hyperkalemia (hazard ratio, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.76–0.93]), an effect consistent across studies (
P
heterogeneity
=0.71). The incidence of investigator-reported hyperkalemia was also lower with SGLT2 inhibitors (hazard ratio, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.68–0.93];
P
heterogeneity
=0.21). Reductions in serious hyperkalemia were observed across a range of subgroups, including baseline kidney function, history of heart failure, and use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor, diuretic, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist. SGLT2 inhibitors did not increase the risk of hypokalemia (hazard ratio, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.94–1.15];
P
heterogeneity
=0.42).

Conclusions:
SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the risk of serious hyperkalemia in people with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk or with chronic kidney disease without increasing the risk of hypokalemia.
Anuran fauna of reforested riparian forests: is microhabitat the decisive factor for colonization?
Authors: Martins Joice , Magalhães Adriele , Cruz António , Corrêa Matheus , Pires Maria Rita 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We evaluated the effects of riparian forests restoration on anuran communities in the Brazilian Cerrado. We analyzed five riparian reforested fragments around a reservoir of an hydroelectric plant using microhabitat variables (humidity, canopy opening, amount of leaf litter and vegetation density), the dominant landscape (matrix type, fragment width) and reforestation age. We tested whether anuran abundance, richness and diversity were influenced by these variables using generalized linear models. Matrix type and fragment width were limiting factors for anurans to reach and establish themselves in riparian forest fragments, whereas microhabitat and reforestation age did not influence anuran succession. We conclude that reforestation in the midst of impermeable matrices creates anuran communities dominated by widely-distributed species that live in open areas, reflecting the highly modified surrounding habitat.
Toys in Trade: Playfully Poetic Technology in Qing Dynasty Canton
Authors: Baark Josefine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The article explores how an artisan community in Canton adapted European clock-making technology to the making of automata in a Chinese aesthetic style. Moreover, it positions a unique automaton from the National Museum of Denmark in relation to a Chinese story and connected drinking game. Approaching the mechanical tableau as continuously in the process of being cocreated across social and global boundaries, it points to how new technology impacted ways of trading in the international community in Canton. When the elites in Canton set the mechanical tableau drumming, chiming, and spinning; gulped their wine, and passed each other flowering branches, they cocreated and performed a social ritual that traversed boundaries. Ultimately, a close reading of the sculpture reveals an often invisible aspect of international trade: that negotiations could rely on play as much as power, capital, and influence.
The Map as Missed Cue: England’s Pacific Ambitions as Revealed by Narborough’s Draught of the Port of Baldavia in the Coast of Chile (1670)
Authors: Burdick Catherine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study analyzes John Narborough’s cartographic chart A Draught of the Port of Baldavia in the Coast of Chile (1670) as a missed cue to a radical reimagining of England’s imperial course in the Pacific sphere. Produced for Charles II, this map placed an optimistic spin on Narborough’s failed attempt to gain a commercial foothold along the Pacific coastline of South America. Its contents provide new evidence that Narborough’s voyage maintained a covert military agenda, perhaps to be carried out in a future voyage, should Spain block English trade with local indigenous inhabitants. Yet, as the map also conveys, Narborough’s venture at Valdivia ended abruptly in a tense encounter with Spanish garrisons that spurred the renovation of the most extensive Spanish fort system in the Americas.
The Application of EU Competition Law to the Exploitation of Human Genome Editing Technology
Authors: Bastidas Venegas Vladimir 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper explores the application of EU Competition Law to the exploitation of human genome editing technology. Holders of key patents in the sector have applied different methods for disseminating the technology, such as different forms of licensing agreement and patent pools. It is found that that the competition rules are ill-suited to assess some of the licensing arrangements applied, which give rise to legal uncertainty. Accordingly, holders of patents on human genome editing technology may be discouraged to apply efficient methods for disseminating the technology. This may delay or obstruct some of the benefits the technology is supposed to deliver to the market, maker actors and consumers.
A Generation of Mysteries?
Authors: Robinson Colin D. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The history and the conflicts in which Sudanese Government armed forces have been involved are of interest both from the Sudanese historical and the military-historical angles. But while the agonies of Sudan’s civil wars have attracted significant academic interest, the structures, characteristics, and operating methods of official military institutions in Africa have been neglected, and there is little recent research. Sudanese military intervention in politics, including five successful coups, has been discussed since Ruth First’s book in 1970 and before. There were at least 16 coups and attempted coups by the Sudanese Armed Forces from 1957 to 1976. But there is little coverage of the security forces, and there is little available to cover the Sudanese army’s more specifically military record. Thus it is worthwhile to draw the available scattered threads together to start to form a basis for further research. The Sudanese Armed Forces’ frequent political involvement will be signposted and wound in as necessary—ultimately armies are a function of their governments—but is not the function of this article. What emerges is scattered fragments on military forces and operations, overlaid on the unrelenting drumbeat of horrible details from the first Sudanese civil war.
Jean-Paul Sartre and Jean-Luc Marion
Authors: Vinolo Stéphane , Becker Brian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Jean-Paul Sartre is not an influential author in the work of Jean-Luc Marion. Yet, as is the case for the phenomenology of givenness, Sartre thinks love in terms of God. However, for Marion, Sartre is exemplary of those authors who have remained prisoner to metaphysics and to thinking God as the causa sui. By comparing the Sartrean and Marionian conceptions of love, the author shows that both are based on radically different conceptions of divinity, demonstrating at the same time how the link between God and being determines human love.
Nicholas of Cusa’s Mystical Theology in Jean-Luc Marion’s Phenomenology of Affectivity
Authors: Pizzi Matías Ignacio 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The main goal of this paper is to analyze Nicholas of Cusa’s reading on the dispute of Mystical Theology through Jean-Luc Marion’s phenomenology of givenness. To do this, first of all, we will address the analyses offered by Jean-Luc Marion on the problem of affectivity. Secondly, we examine Nicholas’ interpretation of Mystical Theology through the aenigma of the eicona dei in De visione dei (1453). Thirdly, we present Jean-Luc Marion’s interpretation of Cusanus eicona dei as an antecedent of his phenomenological conception of Icone as “saturated phenomenon.” Finally, we suggest that Cusanus eicona dei appears in Jean-Luc Marion’s phenomenology as a precedent of his strategy when approaching the field of affectivity. Both authors try to show an instance preceding the distinction between affectivity and rationality.
Empirical Low-Dimensional Dynamics of Atmospheric Stable Boundary Layer Temperature Inversions
Authors: Ramsey Elizabeth , Monahan Adam H. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The atmospheric stable boundary layer (SBL) is observed to display multiple regimes of stratification, flow, and turbulence. Transitions between weakly stable regimes of sustained turbulence and very stable regimes of weak turbulence are observed to occur abruptly. The understanding and predictability of turbulent recovery remains limited, reducing the accuracy of numerical weather prediction and climate projections. Idealized SBL models have related regimes to dynamically stable equilibria. Under conditions of weak energetic surface coupling, two stable branches separated by an unstable branch are predicted by these models. Such bifurcation structures are associated with rapid transitions. This work investigates the extent to which observed temperature inversion variability can be described by an empirical one-dimensional stochastic differential equation (SDE). The drift and diffusion coefficients of the SDE of observed inversion strength are approximated from statistics of their averaged time tendencies, conditioned on wind speed. Functional forms of the state dependence of these coefficients are estimated using Gaussian process regression. Probabilistic estimates of the system’s deterministic equilibria are found and used to create empirical bifurcation diagrams of inversion strength as a function of wind speed. These data-driven bifurcation structures are first obtained from idealized model simulations, then repeated for observations from several meteorological towers. It is found that the effective low-dimensional dynamics of observed temperature inversions is similar to that of the idealized model. Evidence of multiple equilibria and hysteresis is found at a single site, Dome C, Antarctica, but is not robust to variations in the analysis. Evidence of state-dependent noise consistent with intermittent turbulence under very stably stratified conditions is presented.
Emotional Intelligence, Burnout, and Wellbeing Among Residents as a Result of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kirkpatrick Heather , Wasfie Tarik , Laykova Alexandra , Barber Kimberly , Hella Jennifer , Vogel Mark 
Published: April 2022

Background We previously reported the correlation between emotional intelligence (EI) with burnout/wellbeing in our PGY-1 residents, finding that EI moderated the development of burnout in the PGY-1 year. When COVID-19 arrived in early 2020, we were already collecting EI and burnout data for the 2019-2020 year. We elected to follow those residents throughout the year and compare them to the subsequent cohort to study the effect of the pandemic on their burnout and wellbeing and the influence of EI on this pattern. Materials and Methods All residents entering the training program (PGY-1) 2019-2020 (SURGE) & 2020-2021 (POST-SURGE) were administered the emotional intelligence questionnaire short form (TEIQue-SF), the Maslach burnout inventory, and the physician’s wellness inventory. The questionnaires were completed quarterly. Statistical analysis included ANOVA. Institutional Review Board approval was obtained prior to the study. Results The overall combined PGY-1 residents year (n = 73) mean EI was 3.9 with no differences between academic year groups. The domains of burnout and physician wellbeing were examined across four different time points during the resident’s first year. Domain scores changed over the four time periods during the first year. There was a relative decrease in achievement by 3.4 points, decrease in career purpose by 1.8 points, decrease in cognitive flexibility by .6 points and increase in distress by 4.1 points. Emotional exhaustion increased significantly more for the SURGE 2019-2020 group compared to the POST-SURGE 2020-2021 group (a relative 77% change). Emotional intelligence was independently assessed within each domain at baseline and for changes over time. Discussion Patterns of burnout and wellbeing were different with the COVID-19 SURGE group compared to the COVID-19 POST-SURGE group, perhaps because of differing expectations of the PGY-1 year participants but also perhaps due to the destabilizing effect of the first COVID-19 surge.
Adherence to practice guidelines for the management of febrile neutropenia in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: An observational study in a referral center in Iran
Authors: Ekhtiari Kolour Seyedeh Reyhaneh , Shahrami Bita , Kargar Mona , Taghvaye Masoumi Hamidreza , Amini Shahideh , Vaezi Mohammad , Hadjibabaie Molouk , Mohammadi Mehdi , Sadeghi Kourosh 
Published: April 2022

Introduction Patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are suspected to develop febrile neutropenia (FN) and severe infections. Therefore, appropriate prescription of antibiotics in these patients is crucial to reduce the rates of morbidity, mortality, and antimicrobial resistance. The present study aimed to evaluate the physicians’ prescription and adherence to the FN clinical guidelines among patients undergoing HSCT. Methods This prospective observational single-center study was conducted during a 15-month period in a tertiary referral hospital in Iran. The patients with at least one episode of FN following HSCT were included in the current study. The physicians’ adherence to the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) clinical guidelines for the management of FN was evaluated using prescription data and medical record reviews. Results Two hundred and fifteen patients with 297 FN episodes were evaluated. The timing of antibiotics and the selection of the initial regimen were considered guideline-based therapy. However, antibiotic dosing and initial regimen modification were not followed in terms of the guideline recommendations in 58.1% of the patients. In particular, vancomycin was inappropriately given in 83.1% of patients. The overall adherence of physicians to the guidelines was 35.8%. Conclusion Non-adherence to clinical guidelines is high particularly in initial regimen modification and administration of vancomycin, which affects hospital stay and patient's outcome. Implementation of guideline-review sessions to raise the awareness of the physicians and to improve the rational use of antimicrobial agents may be crucial.
Single Position Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion With Posterior Instrumentation Utilizing Computer Navigation and Robotic Assistance: Retrospective case review and surgical technique considerations
Authors: Sinkov Vladimir , Lockey Stephen Daniel , Cunningham Bryan W. 
Published: April 2022

Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Objective To determine safety and short-term outcomes of single-position lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) with bilateral posterior instrumentation and robotic assistance. The article also describes surgical technique considerations for the procedure. Methods 20 patients underwent single-position LLIF with posterior instrumentation and robotic assistance. The patients were followed for a minimum of 3 months post-operatively. Results Average operative time was 211 ± 34 minutes, average blood loss was 51.25 ± 17 cc’s, and average length of stay was 1.4 ± .75 days. There were no intraoperative complications, readmissions, revision surgeries, and no incidence of hardware malposition. Significant improvement in pain and ODI scores was noted at 3 month follow up. Conclusions The study demonstrated safety and short-term clinical efficacy of minimally invasive single-position lateral lumbar interbody fusion with bilateral posterior instrumentation utilizing robotic assistance and navigation. There are certain surgical technique considerations that must be followed to ensure optimal surgical workflow and predictable outcomes.
SARS-CoV-2 and human retroelements: a case for molecular mimicry?
Authors: Koch Benjamin Florian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The factors driving the late phase of COVID-19 are still poorly understood. However, autoimmunity is an evolving theme in COVID-19’s pathogenesis. Additionally, deregulation of human retroelements (RE) is found in many viral infections, and has also been reported in COVID-19.

Results
Unexpectedly, coronaviruses (CoV) – including SARS-CoV-2 – harbour many RE-identical sequences (up to 35 base pairs), and some of these sequences are part of SARS-CoV-2 epitopes associated to COVID-19 severity. Furthermore, RE are expressed in healthy controls and human cells and become deregulated after SARS-CoV-2 infection, showing mainly changes in long interspersed nuclear element (LINE1) expression, but also in endogenous retroviruses.

Conclusion
CoV and human RE share coding sequences, which are targeted by antibodies in COVID-19 and thus could induce an autoimmune loop by molecular mimicry.