bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENILAIAN EFISIENSI EKONOMI DALAM PENYUSUNAN LANGKAH STRATEGIS TERHADAP REGULASI
Authors: Sugianto Fajar , Tanaya Velliana , Putri Veronica 
Published: October 2022

<p><span lang="EN-US">Salah satu teori terpenting dalam <em>economic analysis of law </em>yang menjadi dasar pengkonstruksian kerangka analisisnya ialah efisiensi ekonomi. Konsep tersebut tidak sederhana, dan oleh banyak ahli dikembangkan melalui konsepsi yang bervariasi yang kesemuanya dapat digunakan untuk memperkuat pemahaman yang tepat. Dari perspektif hukum dan ekonomi, setiap regulasi adalah pengaturan ekonomi. Dapat dikatakan efisien jika tidak ada pengaturan alternatif lainnya yang dapat membuat individu menjadi lebih baik sesuai dengan preferensi mereka sendiri. Ini tidak berarti semua regulasi yang telah diberlakukan tidak efisien. Untuk perluasan perspektif, konsep efisiensi dalam tulisan ini diperluas dengan memahami konsep strategi yang dilihat konsistensi praktik hukum. Gagasan dasar tentang strategi menunjukkan bahwa regulasi membutuhkan strategi yang tepat sebagai dasar pengambilan keputusan. Penilaian efisiensi yang diberikan: pertama, bagaimana orang akan bereaksi terhadap pemberlakuan regulasi dan menggunakannya sebagai alat pengaturan diri mereka sendiri, dan kedua, kebutuhan mengembangkannya sebagai dasar keputusan dalam penyusunan regulasi yang baik dan tetap sasaran.</span></p>
Rekonstruksi Hukum Dalam Mewujudkan Kepatuhan Pembentuk Undang-Undang Terhadap Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Sebagai Mekanisme Checks And Balances
Authors: Tohadi Tohadi , Prastiwi Dian Eka 
Published: October 2022

<p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Adanya kewenanagan yang disematkan oleh konstitusi pada MK dalam pengujian undang-undang terhadap UUD 1945 merupakan mekanisme <em>checks and balances.</em> Dalam hal ini antara MK dengan Pembentuk UU, yaitu DPR bersama Presiden. Namun dalam prakteknya, ada ketidapatuhan Pembentuk UU terhadap Putusan MK. Tulisan ini menggambarkan dan menganalisis gagasan rekonstruksi hukum pengaturan Putusan MK dalam mewujudkan adanya kepatuhan Pembentuk UU terhadap Putusan MK sebagai mekanisme <em>checks and balances</em>. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan atau data sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan, <strong>pertama</strong>, ada sejumlah faktor yang menyebabkan adanya ketidakpatuhan Pembentuk UU terhadap Putusan MK mulai dari karena adanya Putusan MK sendiri yang bersifat kontroversial hingga pada tidak adanya <em>political will</em> dari Pembentuk UU. <strong>Kedua</strong>, perlu dilakukan rekonstruksi hukum terkait pengaturan sifat Putusan MK dengan menegaskan secara expressis verbis kata “mengikat” baik dalam UUD 1945 maupun dalam sejumlah UU yang terkait, yaitu UU tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman, UU tentang Mahkamah Konstitusi, dan UU tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan. Dalam UU terkait, perlu diatur adanya klausul yang menyatakan dalam hal Putusan MK yang bersifat final dan mengikat tidak ditindaklanjuti oleh Pembentuk UU dalam waktu paling lama waktu tertentu, Putusan MK tersebut sah menjadi norma dalam pasal dari Undang-Undang yang telah diputuskan MK.</p><p> </p>
Thermal energy development in magnetohydrodynamic flow utilizing titanium dioxide, copper oxide and aluminum oxide nanoparticles: Thermal dispersion and heat generating formularization
Authors: Bilal Hafeez Muhammad , Krawczuk Marek , Jamshed Wasim , Tag El Din El Sayed M. , El-Wahed Khalifa Hamiden Abd , Aziz ElSeabee Fayza Abdel 
Published: October 2022

Background: The main aim of this article heat transfer in thermal engineering deals with the production, use, transformation, and transfer of thermal energy. Engineering and industrial fields including food packaging, the production of food additives, electronic cooling, microturbines, etc. Heavily rely on heat transmission. Due to its intriguing potential in industries like the production of polymers, paper, crystal glass, etc., scientists from all over the world have endeavored to investigate the effect of heat transmission on fluid flows past an expandable surface.Purpose: The use of a single-phase technique to assess Newtonian nanofluid flow along stretched surfaces with heat transfer convective models is emphasized in this research. A mathematical formulation is used to do the numerical computations for copper oxide (CuO), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles using water (H2O) as the base fluid.Formulation: The fifth-order Runge-Kutta shooting method procedure with shelling performance are used to solve non-linear ordinary differential equations with boundary conditions numerically. Researched and analyzed for changes in several parameters, plots illustrating the effects of motivated and non-motivated MHD are given to explain the physical values.Finding: Dispersion of solid items in the working fluid is reported to significantly improve thermal performance. The Biot number determines how convective the border is. With an increase in the Biot number, the fluid’s temperature drops significantly. It has been demonstrated that Copper oxide (CuO), nanoparticles are more efficient than Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) and Aluminum Oxide for thermal enhancement (Al2O3).Novelty: As far as the authors are aware, no studies have been done on the steady MHD flow and convective heat transfer of nanofluids over a nonuniform stretched surface under the influence of a heat source and viscous dissipation.
Delta-catenin attenuates medulloblastoma cell invasion by targeting EMT pathway
Authors: Hu Yuanjun , Zhu Sihan , Xu Rizhen , Wang Manxia , Chen Furong , Zhang Zeshun , Feng Binghong , Wang Jian , Chen Zhongping , Wang Jing 
Published: October 2022

Background: Medulloblastoma is the most common pediatric malignant tumor in central nervous system. Although its prognosis has been improved enormously by the combination treatments with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, it still could progress via invasion and distant dissemination. We aimed to investigate molecular mechanisms of medulloblastoma invasion in the current work.Methods: The gene expression profile of medulloblastoma were analyzed based on the data deposited in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and filtered according to brain specific proteins in the Uniprot. Delta-catenin was identified and further analyzed about its expression and roles in the prognosis of medulloblastoma patient. The function of delta-catenin on cell invasion and migration were investigated by transwell and wound healing assay. Whether delta-catenin participates in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulated invasion was also studied.Results: Delta-catenin expression was highly upregulated in tumor tissues compared to normal tissues from medulloblastoma patients in five independent, nonoverlapping cohorts. Furthermore, delta-catenin expression level was upregulated in WNT subgroup, and significantly correlated with better prognosis, and associated with metastasis through GEO database analysis. Functional assays indicated that delta-catenin inhibited medulloblastoma cell invasion and migration through regulating the key factors of EMT pathway, such as E-cadherin and vimentin.Conclusion: Delta-catenin might be a positive predictor for prognosis of medulloblastoma patients, through attenuating medulloblastoma cell invasion by inhibiting EMT pathway.
Macular pigment optical density of hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic patients measured by fundus reflectometry
Authors: Wang Chenxiao , Yu Jinjin , Pan Mengmeng , Ye Xiuhong , Song E. 
Published: October 2022

PurposeHyperopic anisometropia is a major cause of amblyopia and may be associated with macular pigment optical density (MPOD) reduction. To explore whether the MPOD changes in hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia, we measured the MPOD using fundus reflectometry in eyes with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia and normal vision.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted from January 2017 to June 2017. Forty subjects (25 males and 15 females) between the ages of 6 and 10 years were recruited. The subjects' eyes were divided into two groups: amblyopic eyes (best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) not more than 20/25 or BCVA of two eyes differing by two or more lines) and fellow eyes. All enrolled subjects underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination, including extraocular motility assessment, cover-uncover testing, and refractive error (noncycloplegic), BCVA, axial length (AL), macular foveal thickness (MFT) and MPOD (Visucam® 200, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Germany).ResultsThe MPOD of amblyopic and fellow eyes was 0.12 ± 0.03 log units and 0.13 ± 0.04 log units, respectively, with a significant difference (P = 0.026). The MFT of amblyopic and fellow eyes was 241.28 ± 13.95 and 237.13 ± 16.02 μm, respectively, revealing that the MFT was significantly higher in amblyopic eyes than in fellow eyes (P = 0.028). Conversely, there was no correlation between the MPOD and MFT in the two groups.ConclusionsThis study is the first to report that the MPOD is decreased in hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia. In this study, no correlation between the MPOD and MFT was found. In the future, factors that induce a decrease in the MPOD in eyes with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia should be explored in a large-sample study with follow-up observation.
Antidiabetic effects of Brugmansia aurea leaf extract by modulating the glucose levels, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress mechanism
Authors: Fatima Nisar , Anwar Fareeha , Saleem Uzma , Khan Aslam , Ahmad Bashir , Shahzadi Irum , Ahmad Hammad , Ismail Tariq 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundEthnopharmacological relevance: Brugmansia, a genus of the Solanaceae family, has historically been utilized in many different parts of the world as an anti-inflammatory for treating skin infections, wounds, and bodily aches and pains. The current study aimed to investigate the potential benefits of a methanolic extract ofBrugmansia aureain the management of diabetes and underlying complications in alloxanized-induced diabetic rats.Materials and methodsAnimals were divided into nine groups (n= 6). Four groups received different standard oral hypoglycemic agents; three groups received 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg ofB. aurealeaf extract for six consecutive weeks, and the remaining two were normal and disease control groups. All groups received alloxan (150 mg/kg) except for the normal control. Only those animals whose glucose levels were raised to 200 mg/dl were selected for the study. After a 6-week dosage period, various biochemical parameters, as well as HbA1c, antioxidant profile, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin sensitivity, histopathology, and insulin resistance, were measured and compared with the untreated diabetic group.ResultsBrugmansia aurealeaf extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg showed potent antidiabetic activity by reducing blood glucose levels (p&lt; 0.001) after 6 weeks of treatment. OGTT data showed thatB. aureaexhibited significant (p&lt; 0.001) glucose tolerance by significantly reducing blood glucose levels in just 2 h post-treatment. Other tests showed that plant extract significantly increased (p&lt; 0.001) insulin sensitivity and decreased (p&lt; 0.001) insulin resistance. The biochemical profile showed reduced triglyceride and cholesterol, while the antioxidant profile showed restoration of antioxidant enzymes in the pancreas, kidney, and liver tissues of treated rats.ConclusionThe present study indicated that crude extracts ofB. aureaincrease insulin sensitivity and reduce hyperlipidemia in diabetic rats, which rationalizes the traditional medicinal use of this plant as an antidiabetic agent.
Safety, feasibility, and application of intraperitoneal gas-based hyperthermia beyond 43°C in the treatment of peritoneal metastasis: An in-vivo pilot study
Authors: Diakun Agata , Khosrawipour Tanja , Mikolajczyk-Martinez Agata , Nicpoń Jakub , Thelen Simon , Kiełbowicz Zdzisław , Prządka Przemysław , Liszka Bartłomiej , Kulas Joanna , Zielinski Kacper , Li Shiri , Lau Hien , Kielan Wojciech , Khosrawipour Veria 
Published: October 2022

Background43°Celsius (C) is currently the highest temperature used in the treatment of peritoneal metastasis (PM). Despite sufficient data on water- based hyperthermic solutions in PM treatment, there is currently no information on gas-based hyperthermia extending beyond 43°C. This study is the first to provide in-vivo data on different organ systems during and after intraperitoneal gas-based hyperthermia beyond 43°C. The aim of this study is to explore in-vivo feasibility, safety, and efficacy of this novel concept from a biological perspective.MethodsFor this study, three swine were subjected to laparoscopy and subsequent gas-based intraperitoneal hyperthermia at 48°, 49° and 50°C under a high-flow air stream. Intraoperative data from multiple temperature sensors were analysed. Additionally, intraoperative anaesthesiologic and gasometrical data was analysed. Postoperatively, swine were monitored for one week and laboratory work-up was performed on postoperative days 1, 3 and 7.ResultsDuring gas-based intraperitoneal hyperthermia, anesthesiologic parameters did not exhibit critical values. No intra- or postoperative complications were observed. Distinct temperature measurements on the skin, cystohepatic triangle and esophagus did not display any temperature increase. Postoperative laboratory workup did not show any changes in hemoglobin, white blood cell count, platelets, or kidney function.DiscussionBased on our data, there are no safety concerns for the application of gas-based hyperthermia between 48 - 50°C. In fact, no critical systemic temperature increase was observed. With respect to possible limitations, further in-vivo studies are required to evaluate whether gas-based intraperitoneal hyperthermia may be a therapeutic option for PM patients.
Long-term safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation in 74 children: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Zou Biao , Liu Sheng-Xuan , Li Xue-Song , He Jia-Yi , Dong Chen , Ruan Meng-Ling , Xu Lei , Bai Tao , Huang Zhi-Hua , Shu Sai-Nan 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundFecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective treatment for intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders. Nonetheless, long-term safety and efficacy remain major challenges for FMT applications. To date, few long-term follow-up studies have been published on FMT in children.MethodsRetrospective reviewed the medical charts of 74 patients who underwent 508 FMT courses between August 2014 and July 2019 at our medical center. All the FMT procedures followed uniform standards. Baseline characteristics pre-FMT and follow-up data were collected at 1, 3, 6, 12, 36, 60, and 84 months after FMT. All potential influencing factors for adverse events (AEs) were analyzed and assessed using regression analyses.ResultsA total of 70 (13.7%) short-term AEs occurred in twenty-six patients (35.1%). Most AEs (88.5%) occurred within 2 days post-FMT. A total of 91.4% of the AEs were self-limiting. Ulcerative colitis (UC) and within four times of FMT were associated with a higher rate of AEs (p = 0.028 and p = 0.021, respectively). The primary clinical remission rate after FMT was as high as 72.9%. Twenty-five children were followed for more than 5 years after FMT. The clinical remission rates gradually decreased over time after FMT. During follow-up, none of the patients developed autoimmune, metabolic, or rheumatologic disorders or tumor-related diseases. However, nine children developed rhinitis, five developed rhinitis, were underweight, and six developed constipation.ConclusionsFMT is a safe and effective treatment for dysbiosis in children. The long-term efficacy of FMT for each disease decreased over time. Moreover, multiple FMTs are recommended 3 months post-FMT for recurrent diseases.
Prevalence of syphilis and chlamydia trachomatis infection among men who have sex with men in Jiangsu province, China: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Hu Haiyang , Chen Yuheng , Shi Lingen , Liu Xiaoxia , Xu Zhuping , Sun Lin , Zhao Xiuping , Zhou Ying , Lu Jing , Zhang Zhi , Liu Xiaoyan , Fu Gengfeng 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundEpidemics of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among men who have sex with men (MSM) are major global public health concerns. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of syphilis and chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection and associated factors among MSM in Jiangsu province, China, hoping to provide updated data for the formulation of relevant policies.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among MSM from April to July 2021 in four cities in the province. Socio-demographic characteristics and behavioral information were collected through a face-to-face questionnaire interview. Venous blood specimens were collected for HIV, hepatitis C (HCV), and syphilis testing using serological testing methods. First-void urine specimens were collected for CT and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) testing using nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) methods. Chi-square tests were used to compare differences in syphilis and CT infection between subgroups of variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with syphilis and CT infection.ResultsA total of 1,087 participants were enrolled. The prevalence of HIV, HCV, syphilis, CT and NG infection were 6.6, 0.4, 6.3, 4.2, and 0.4%, respectively. MSM recruited online [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.189, P = 0.020], diagnosed with an STI in the past 12 months (aOR = 3.304, P &lt; 0.001), and living with HIV (aOR = 4.721, P &lt; 0.001) were more likely to have syphilis infection. MSM who were younger than 25 years (aOR = 4.286, P = 0.020), had senior high school level education (aOR = 2.521, P = 0.038), and were recruited via VCT clinics (aOR = 3.455, P = 0.001) were more likely to have CT infection.ConclusionsOur study showed a high prevalence of syphilis and chlamydia among MSM in Jiangsu province, China. STI screening, diagnosis, and treatment services promotion should be a top priority on the prevention agenda.
Prevalence of sepsis among adults in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lei Siyuan , Li Xuanlin , Zhao Hulei , Xie Yang , Li Jiansheng 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundSepsis is a major public health problem that cannot be ignored in China and even in the world. However, the prevalence of sepsis in Chinese adults varies among different studies.ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of hospital-wide sepsis and intensive care unit (ICU) sepsis in Chinese adults.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese biomedical literature service system, Wanfang Database, and VIP databases were systematically searched for studies on sepsis in China published before March 2, 2022. Random effects model was used to calculate pooled prevalence estimates with 95% confidence interval. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to address heterogeneity. Funnel plots and Egger's test were used to assess the publication bias.ResultsOverall, nine observational studies involving 324,020 Chinese patients (9,587 patients with sepsis) were analyzed. Four hospital-wide studies involving 301,272 patients showed pooled prevalence and mortality of 3.8% (95% CI: 2.9–4.7%, I2 = 99.9%) and 26% (95% CI: 16–36%, I2 = 98.0%), respectively. Five studies of ICU sepsis involving 22,748 patients presented pooled prevalence and mortality of 25.5% (95% CI: 13.9–37.0%, I2 = 99.8%) and 40% (95%CI: 34–47%, I2 = 95.9%), respectively. Subgroup analysis of sepsis in ICUs revealed that the pooled prevalence was higher among males [17% (95% CI 9–24%, I2 = 99.6%)], in lung infections [66% (95%CI: 54–77%, I2 = 98.7%)], and Gram-negative bacteria infections [37% (95%CI: 26–47%, I2 = 98.3%)]. The pooled prevalence of sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock was 25.5% (95%CI: 13.9–37.0%, I2 = 99.8%), 19% (95%CI: 9–28%, I2 = 99.6%), and 13% (95%CI: 7–19%, I2 = 99.2%), respectively.ConclusionsSepsis is prevalent in 25.5% of ICU patients in China, and sex, sepsis severity, infection site, causative microorganism, and infection type are significant influencing factors. Larger trials are needed to evaluate the prevalence of sepsis in China, which may help the development of global strategies for sepsis management.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO, identifier: CRD42022314274.
Case report: A hybrid technique for a safe nephrectomy in a giant kidney angiomyolipoma
Authors: Vento Vincenzo , Galosi Andrea Benedetto , Ranghino Andrea , Montecchiani Luca , Felici Luca , Loggi Silvia , Cerutti Elisabetta , Milanese Giulio , Franzese Carmine , Castellani Daniele , Gatta Emanuele 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundGiant angiomyolipoma is usually associated with genetic syndromes and complications (spontaneous rupture and bleeding, hematuria, hypertension) and mass-related symptoms (flank and abdominal pain).Case presentationWe present a case of a 20-year-old woman suffering from tuberous sclerosis who was referred to our hospital with a giant angiomyolipoma causing abdominal pain. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed a left angiomyolipoma, measuring 28 cm × 17 cm × 27 cm. After a multidisciplinary team discussion, the patient was submitted for a nephrectomy. Percutaneous temporary occlusion of the main renal artery was achieved through an endovascular balloon catheter. Through the balloon catheter guidewire, 2,500 IU of heparin was infused to reduce the risk of tumor vein thrombosis and venous embolism. This allowed a safe kidney manipulation through a left thoracoabdominal approach. The postoperative course was uneventful. Pathology showed a 40 cm × 30 cm × 9 cm and 10 kg AML. One year after surgery, the patient is on follow-up, and her estimated glomerular filtration is 120.5 ml/min/1.73 m2.ConclusionThe present case showed that the endovascular control of the main renal artery could be considered a useful approach to safely managing huge renal masses when renal hilar control is expected to be very difficult.
L’infinitif †ΕΥΘΕΝΕΙΣΘΑΙ† au § 231 du discours Sur les forfaitures de l’ambassade de Démosthène : proposition de correction
Authors: Daix David-Artur 
Published: October 2022

Dans son édition du plaidoyer Sur les forfaitures de l’ambassade
de Démosthène, Henri Weil remarque qu’au § 231, l’infinitif εὐθενεῖσθαι, pourtant attesté dans les meilleurs manuscrits, ne convient pas pour le sens, le passage reposant sur une opposition très nette entre Eschine et ses complices d’un côté, et Démosthène de l’autre, parataxe adversative que la disparition des prévaricateurs dans le tour «la cité prospérait » vient rompre. Il faut attendre l’édition de Samuel H. Butcher pour que les conséquences de cette analyse se traduisent dans le texte proposé par l’obélisation du verbe. Ni Karl Fuhr, ni Georges Mathieu ne suivent Butcher dans cette voie, mais les deux éditeurs les plus récents de Démosthène, Douglas M. MacDowell et Mervin R. Dilts n’hésitent plus désormais à condamner le texte transmis. Toutefois, aucune des corrections proposées à ce jour ne permet à la fois de répondre aux objections soulevées par Weil et d’expliquer de façon convaincante comment le texte a pu être corrompu en cet endroit pour produire à la place l’infinitif † εὐθενεῖσθαι†. C’est cette difficulté que le présent article entend résoudre en proposant une solution paléographiquement, morphologiquement et sémantiquement satisfaisante.