bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Location intelligence reveals the extent, timing, and spatial variation of hurricane preparedness
Authors: Li Bo , Mostafavi Ali 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHurricanes are one of the most catastrophic natural hazards faced by residents of the United States. Improving the public’s hurricane preparedness is essential to reduce the impact and disruption of hurricanes on households. Inherent in traditional methods for quantifying and monitoring hurricane preparedness are significant lags, which hinder effective monitoring of residents’ preparedness in advance of an impending hurricane. This study establishes a methodological framework to quantify the extent, timing, and spatial variation of hurricane preparedness at the census block group level using high-resolution location intelligence data. Anonymized cell phone data on visits to points-of-interest for each census block group in Harris County before 2017 Hurricane Harvey were used to examine residents’ hurricane preparedness. Four categories of points-of-interest, grocery stores, gas stations, pharmacies and home improvement stores, were identified as they have close relationship with hurricane preparedness, and the daily number of visits from each CBG to these four categories of POIs were calculated during preparation period. Two metrics, extent of preparedness and proactivity, were calculated based on the daily visit percentage change compared to the baseline period. The results show that peak visits to pharmacies often occurred in the early stage of preparation, whereas the peak of visits to gas stations happened closer to hurricane landfall. The spatial and temporal patterns of visits to grocery stores and home improvement stores were quite similar. However, correlation analysis demonstrates that extent of preparedness and proactivity are independent of each other. Combined with synchronous evacuation data, CBGs in Harris County were divided into four clusters in terms of extent of preparedness and evacuation rate. The clusters with low preparedness and low evacuation rate were identified as hotspots of vulnerability for shelter-in-place households that would need urgent attention during response. Hence, the research findings provide a new data-driven approach to quantify and monitor the extent, timing, and spatial variations of hurricane preparedness. Accordingly, the study advances data-driven understanding of human protective actions during disasters. The study outcomes also provide emergency response managers and public officials with novel data-driven insights to more proactively monitor residents’ disaster preparedness, making it possible to identify under-prepared areas and better allocate resources in a timely manner.
Neural correlates of lateral modulation and perceptual filling-in in center-surround radial sinusoidal gratings: an fMRI study
Authors: Lin Yih-Shiuan , Chen Chien-Chung , Greenlee Mark W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe investigated lateral modulation effects with functional magnetic resonance imaging. We presented radial sinusoidal gratings in random sequence: a scotoma grating with two arc-shaped blank regions (scotomata) in the periphery, one in the left and one in the right visual field, a center grating containing pattern only in the scotoma regions, and a full-field grating where the pattern occupied the whole screen. On each trial, one of the three gratings flickered in counterphase for 10 s, followed by a blank period. Observers were instructed to perform a fixation task and report whether filling-in was experienced during the scotoma condition. The results showed that the blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal was reduced in areas corresponding to the scotoma regions in the full-field compared to the center condition in V1 to V3 areas, indicating a lateral inhibition effect when the surround was added to the center pattern. The univariate analysis results showed no difference between the filling-in and no-filling-in trials. However, multivariate pattern analysis results showed that classifiers trained on activation pattern in V1 to V3 could differentiate between filling-in and no-filling-in trials, suggesting that the neural activation pattern in visual cortex correlated with the subjective percept.
Investigating group-velocity-tunable propagation-invariant optical wave-packets
Authors: Li Zhaoyang , Liu Yanqi , Leng Yuxin , Li Ruxin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe group-velocity of the propagation-invariant optical wave-packet generated by the conical superposition can be controlled by introducing well-designed arbitrarily-axisymmetric pulse-front deformation, which permits realizing superluminal, subluminal, accelerating, decelerating, and even nearly-programmable group-velocities. To better understand the tunability of the group-velocity, the generation methods of this propagation-invariant optical wave-packet and the mechanisms of the tunable group-velocity in both the physical and Fourier spaces are investigated. We also have studied the relationship with the recently-reported space–time wave-packet, and this group-velocity-tunable propagation-invariant optical wave-packet should be a subset of the space–time wave-packet.
A moderate static magnetic field promotes C. elegans longevity through cytochrome P450s
Authors: Song Mengjiao , Dong Shiming , Zhang Xiangfei , Dai Yumin , Zhang Xin , Shen Yidong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAgeing is co-regulated by genetic and environmental factors. Life on earth lives and evolves in a mild geomagnetic field. Yet, the biological effects of a moderate magnetic field on ageing and the underlying genetic mechanisms remain barely unknown. Here, we report that a moderate static magnetic field (SMF) extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, a well-established model organism in ageing research. Consistently, the SMF-treated worms show improved motility and mitochondrial function when aged. We identified from the transcriptomic changes upon SMF treatment that the upregulation of three cytochrome P450 genes are required for SMF-induced longevity. Our findings thus reveal that proper SMF treatment could promote longevity through the well-conserved cytochrome P450 enzymes.
Study on the inherent magnetism and its relationship with mechanical properties of structural round steel
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Kun , Wang Wentao , Fan Linlin , Li Binbin , Yang Tao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInherent magnetism is an important properties of ferromagnetic materials. In this study, the internal magnetic field intensity (IMFI) and internal magneto-mechanical effect (IMME) of Q390B in a structural field were investigated to detect and verify the inherent magnetism in structural settings. In the IMFI test, the magnetic flux was used to detect the change in magnetic field to verify the existence of magnetism. In the IMME test, a novel instrument was implemented to measure the magnetic variation in the Q390B specimen without magnetic flux. Based on the low frequency cyclic (LFC) tensile loading tests, the inherent magnetism was fully described. Experimental results indicate that IMME shows great potential and more efficiency in inherent magnetism studies and can be promoted in the near future.
An Exploratory Study on Disparities in Service Provision and Long-Term Need After Early Childhood Acquired Brain Injury
Authors: Riccardi Jessica Salley , Lundine Jennifer 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:While health care and educational disparities are known to impact minoritized groups, few research studies have been conducted to examine disparities after childhood acquired brain injury (ABI). The purpose of this study was to explore child and injury factors (i.e., race, socioeconomic status, and length of hospital stay) associated with referral, parent education, and long-term need for children who experienced an early childhood ABI.Method:This study was a secondary analysis of data collected through retrospective cohort chart review and prospective caregiver phone surveys.Results:Exploratory logistic regressions indicated a statistically significant association between child and injury factors and (a) referral to rehabilitation or educational services at hospital discharge (p< .001) and (b) caregiver-reported long-term needs (including both met and unmet needs) for special education services (p= .009). The models for caregiver-reported receipt of education on ABI and caregiver-reported unmet need for special education were not significant. For both significant models, there were no significant individual predictors.Conclusions:Differences in acute and long-term service provision and need after childhood ABI are likely influenced by a complex interaction of individual, injury, and social–environmental factors. Future research should consider how health care and education practice and policy might account for these interactions to support more equitable access to and utilization of services to improve long-term outcomes for all children with ABI.Supplemental Material:https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21158878
Comprehension, Processing Time, and Modality Preferences When People With Aphasia and Neurotypical Healthy Adults Read Books: A Pilot Study
Authors: Knollman-Porter Kelly , Hux Karen , Wallace Sarah E. , Pruitt McKenzie , Hughes Michael R. , Brown Jessica A. 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Many people with aphasia (PWA) want to read books. Text-to-speech (TTS) technology sometimes provides comprehension and processing time benefits when PWA read short, multisentence passages. Currently, no research examines the effect of TTS support when PWA read books.

Aims:
This study's primary purpose was to examine comprehension accuracy and total processing time of PWA and neurotypical healthy adults (NHAs) when reading book sections in read-only versus TTS-supported conditions. A secondary aim was to examine condition preference and perceived degree of understanding by people in both participant groups.

Method and Procedure:
Ten PWA and 10 NHAs alternated between read-only and TTS-supported conditions to read a book. Participants answered comprehension questions and provided feedback about their reading experience, condition preference, and desire to use TTS technology for future book reading.

Outcomes and Result:
Overall, PWA exhibited less accurate comprehension and slower processing times compared to NHAs in both conditions. No significant comprehension accuracy difference occurred between conditions for either group. However, four PWA exhibited a 10% or greater increase in comprehension accuracy when receiving TTS support. A significant processing time difference occurred with PWA processing text faster with TTS support, whereas NHAs did not demonstrate processing time differences. Most PWA preferred the TTS condition and expressed a desire to use TTS technology in the future. Most NHAs expressed the opposite preference.

Conclusions:
TTS support during book reading promotes faster processing without compromising comprehension for PWA. Clinicians should discuss with PWA the relative importance of comprehension accuracy, processing time, and comfort with technology when determining whether using TTS support during book reading is desirable.
Can Bilingual Children Self-Report Their Bilingual Experience and Proficiency? The Houston Questionnaire
Authors: Castilla-Earls Anny , Ronderos Juliana , Fitton Lisa 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to develop a child self-report questionnaire measuring bilingual experience and self-perceptions of Spanish and English proficiency and establish preliminary evidence of validity and reliability for the questionnaire.

Method:
Participants included 113 Spanish–English bilingual children with and without developmental language disorders ranging in age from 4 to 8 years. All children completed the questionnaire in Spanish and participated in behavioral assessment of their language skills in both Spanish and English.

Results:
Using confirmatory factor analysis, a model with three correlated factors (self-perception of proficiency in Spanish, self-perception of proficiency in English, and bilingual experience) emerged with the best global fit, reasonableness, consistency with theory, and model parsimony, suggesting that the questionnaire has good internal reliability. The scaled results of the questionnaires significantly correlated with behavioral measures of both Spanish and English, supporting the convergent validity of the measure.

Conclusions:
The Houston Questionnaire is an assessment tool for the assessment of bilingual experience and self-perception of proficiency in Spanish and English bilingual children between the ages of 4 and 8 years. The results provide foundational evidence supporting the reliability and convergent validity of this tool.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21158887
“Getting Back Into School Mode”: Experiences of Former Speech-Language Pathology Assistants in Graduate School
Authors: Wolford George W. , Wolford Laura L. , Brannick Schea Fissel , Anderson Emily N. , McLoud Kaitlin 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this article is to describe the speech-language pathology master's program experience for two groups of students: students with former speech-language pathology assistant (SLPA) experience (fSLPA) and students without SLPA experience (nSLPA). Results are relevant to current SLPAs who are considering attending graduate school and university faculty members involved in program design.

Method:
A survey was distributed electronically to students nationwide. The survey included both Likert-style questions and open-ended responses. A total of 85 student responses were included in data, 43 fSLPAs and 42 nSLPAs. Qualitative and quantitative results were analyzed separately and then synthesized together in a mixed-methods analysis.

Results:
Although the study was not designed to directly measure stressors, bottom-up qualitative analysis resulted in a framework of internal and external stressors, internal and external supports, and learning and growing. Stressors and supports were described by participants as intertwined, and a given event (e.g., the start of clinical rotations) did not map neatly to stressors or supports for all participants. fSLPAs reported higher perceptions of clinical success, feeling different than their peers, and the perception that fSLPAs were more successful in graduate school. Taken together, these results converged to develop seven findings. For instance, one finding was that, although both groups reported external and internal stressors, the specific stressors somewhat varied by group.

Conclusions:
Findings are discussed in relation to transformational learning theory and prior works on stress within the field. Implications for program development and prospective speech-language pathology graduate students are discussed.
Becoming a Voice Specialist in the Absence of a Dedicated Fellowship
Authors: Koenig Eveline 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:
Becoming a voice and upper airway specialist is challenging without fellowship or employment in a specialty setting, limiting the number of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who develop competencies in voice and upper airway disorders. As an SLP who traveled an untraditional route to gaining competencies and experience in voice and upper airway disorders, I am sharing my story to offer ideas and resources to encourage SLPs without a formal voice fellowship to develop competence in evaluating and treating voice and upper airway disorders. My foundation in voice was developed out of necessity, living on an island with limited resources and without any voice specialists. Through a commitment to lifelong learning, I was able to learn the fundamentals to help patients who had no options in the community aside from me.

Conclusions:
There are resources available to help any SLP become competent in voice and upper airway disorders, and it is my hope that my story will inspire others to make the commitment to advancing their knowledge and skills in the evaluation and treatment of voice and upper airway disorders.
Slope‐based detection scheme for molecular communication systems
Authors: Bayat Mohammad , Mostafavi Mohammad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractImproving data rate in the presence of the inter‐symbol interference (ISI) is one of the main challenging issues in molecular communication via diffusion‐based (MCvD) systems. In this paper, a slope‐based detection scheme is proposed, which acts based on the behavior of the steepest part of the channel impulse response (CIR) in the presence of the ISI. The impacts of the receiver volume (), number of the released molecules, and relative symbol interval () on the performance of bit error rate () is investigated. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed slope‐based detection scheme effectively improves the accuracy of the data detection in the low and the high data rate communications in comparison with similar works.
Glenoidfraktur
Authors: Klatte Till Orla , Mader Konrad , Frosch Karl-Heinz 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungGlenoidfrakturen stellen im klinischen Alltag eine Rarität da. Neben hochenergetischen Traumata finden sich häufig Luxationsereignisse als Ursache. Nicht nur die Frakturmorphologie, sondern
auch das zugrunde liegende Trauma haben einen Einfluss auf die richtige Entscheidung für die weitere konservative oder operative Behandlung. Insbesondere für größere anteriore
Glenoidfrakturen zeigt die aktuelle Literatur gute Ergebnisse für die konservative Behandlung. Hingegen zeigen kleinere Bony-Bankart-Verletzungen eine höhere Instabilitätsrate beim jungen
Patienten unter konservativer Therapie. Für die operativen Versorgungstechniken bieten sich zunehmend, neben offenen Verfahren, eine Reihe arthroskopischer Techniken an.
Nervenleitgeschwindigkeit
Authors: Corts Magga 
Published: September 2022

SummaryDie Nervenleitgeschwindigkeit (NLG) dokumentiert, wie schnell entlang einer Nervenfaser ein elektrischer Impuls weitergeleitet werden kann. Nicht jede Nervenfaser leitet gleich schnell elektrische Impulse weiter. Die Dicke (Kaliber) des Nervenzellfortsatzes (Axon) und seine Ummantelung (Myelinscheide) sind entscheidend für die NLG.
Folgeerkrankung kausal therapiert
Authors: Welsch Katja 
Published: September 2022

SummaryDie Polyneuropathie ist in der Regel eine Folgeerkrankung. Voraussetzung für ihre homöopathische Behandlung ist eine Therapie der Ursache selbst. Bei der Verordnung kann man sich grob an 3 Faktoren orientieren: Causa, Ähnlichkeitsregel und Lokalisation der Beschwerden. Der vorliegende Fall demonstriert, wie eine homöopathische Begleitung einer konventionellen medikamentösen Therapie aussehen kann.
Wenn die Nerven nicht mehr richtig funktionieren
Authors: Schmid Eva C. 
Published: September 2022

SummaryEine Polyneuropathie ist eine Erkrankung vieler Nerven des peripheren Nervensystems. Symptome entwickeln sich meist zuerst an den unteren Extremitäten und breiten sich von distal nach proximal aus. Neben entzündlichen rheumatischen Erkrankungen sind Diabetes mellitus, Alkoholabhängigkeit, bestimmte Medikamente, Niereninsuffizienz, Schwermetalle, Leberzirrhosen, Endokrinopathien und Vitamindefizite wichtige Ursachen. Die Diagnose kann fachärztlich über Elektroneurografie, Elektromyografie, EKG, Sonografie und Labordiagnostik erfolgen.
Vom Nerv bis zur Matrix
Authors: Lobach Marina 
Published: September 2022

SummaryDie Pathogenese des CRPS ist bis heute nicht vollständig geklärt. Diskutiert werden Faktoren wie eine Fehlregulation des sympathischen Nervensystems und chronische Entzündungen. Der naturheilkundliche Blick auf das Krankheitsgeschehen legt nahe, dass auch Störfelder und die entsprechende Beeinträchtigung der Matrix eine Rolle spielen. Anhand eines Fallberichts demonstriert die Autorin, wie eine multimodale Therapie aus Osteopathie, Neuraltherapie und ergänzenden Methoden die Symptomatik deutlich lindern kann.
Electrical conduction and resistive switching in cow milk-based devices prepared using the spin-coat method
Authors: Dlamini Z. W. , Vallabhapurapu S. , Mahule T. S. , Vallabhapurapu V. S. 
Published: September 2022

Electronic devices made of organic materials are critical for sustainable technology and the reduction of electronic waste. In this paper, we report on the resistive switching (RS) behavior of an organic full cream cow milk-based film placed between two electrodes. The switching properties of the milk film were investigated for use in RS memory (ReRAM), a new type of memory device. Two devices were created: one with electrodes made of silver (Ag) and indium doped tin oxide (ITO) (Ag/cow milk/ITO) and the other with electrodes made of Ag and tungsten (W) (Ag/cow milk/W). The study is unique in two ways: (1) the use of the spin coat method, which allowed us to deposit 15 nm thin milk films, and (2) the use of ITO and W bottom electrodes, which allowed us to compare the results. Our findings show that both ITO- and W-based devices exhibit RS properties with “S-type” bipolar behavior. The ITO-based device exhibited switching at 0.77 V and an ION/IOFF ratio of ∼2. The memory behavior of this device lasted ∼7 write/erase cycles, indicating the possibility of nonvolatile memory application. In contrast, the switching in the W-based device was characterized by low (0.1 V) voltage, and it lasted for only one cycle. Increasing the compliance current to 0.5 A improved the ON/OFF ratio to 102, but the device could not repeat the same hysteresis behavior. The analysis of the conduction and switching mechanisms in both devices revealed a conductive bridge mechanism attributed to the metalization of metal ions naturally found in milk. Overall, our findings show that the thickness of the milk film influences both conduction and switching mechanisms and that the (milk film)/ITO and (milk film)/W interfaces influence the conductance of full cream cow milk-based ReRAM devices.
Experimental study on the formation of two axial jets of cavitation bubbles near soft membranes with different thicknesses
Authors: Wang Ao , Zhong Yuxue , Wang Guanghang , Huang Jian , Wang Jingzhu , Wang Yiwei 
Published: September 2022

A cavitation bubble collapses non-spherically, splits into two smaller bubbles, and induces two axial jets flowing in opposite directions near a soft membrane. The soft membrane is deformed and even pierced after the impact of the downward jet. In this paper, we experimentally studied the formation of two axial jets of a spark-induced bubble near Ecoflex membranes with different thicknesses. Assuming that the millimeter-sized bubble is filled with an ideal gas and collapses adiabatically in water, the dominant dimensionless parameters, the stiffness (d′) and stand-off distance (h*), determining the formation of the two axial jets, are obtained, and the value of d′ is varied by changing the membrane thickness. Two parameter plots for the regimes of bubble jetting and no jetting were obtained. The critical h* of the bubble jetting increased exponentially with increasing d′, reaching a maximum of 1.1 at d′ = 0.045 56 (the thickness d = 10 mm). This was because the counteracting force induced by the rebounding of the deformed membrane grew in strength. After that, the h* remained constant since the counteracting force was unchanged due to the feature changes of the membrane deformation. Consequently, we obtain a function of the boundary line between the regimes. The sub-regime of the membrane piercing was obtained in the regime of bubble jetting. It was found that the velocity of membrane deformation induced by the jet impact was an important factor in membrane piercing.