bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dermoscopy aids in differentiating primary cutaneous amyloidosis and post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation: A clinico‐dermoscopic‐histopathaological study
Authors: El‐Samanoudy Solwan I. , Gawdat Heba I. , Fouda Kholoud M. , Abdelkader Heba Ahmed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrimary cutaneous amyloidosis (PCA) and post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) are common causes of cutaneous hyperpigmentation that are usually diagnosed clinically. However, their presentations are sometimes atypical, and their differentiation is difficult. Dermoscopy is a valuable diagnostic tool for pigmented diseases that might aid in their diagnosis.ObjectiveTo describe the characteristic dermoscopic features of PCA and PIH together with histopathological correlation, and to differentiate between these conditions in a non‐invasive way.MethodsFifty‐two patients with PCA (n = 26) and PIH (n = 26) were enrolled. A detailed history, skin examination, dermoscopic examination using handheld and video dermoscopy, and histopathological evaluation were performed.ResultsA statistically significant difference could be detected between PCA and PIH in terms of the duration of the disease (p = 0.027), symmetry (p = 0.044), rippling (p < 0.001), and back affection (p = 0.048). On dermoscopic examination, central hubs were seen more in the PCA group (p < 0.001) with different patterns of peripheral pigmentation. Histopathologically, the number of melanophages per high‐power field was significantly higher in the PCA group (p = 0.013).ConclusionThe results of this study shed the light on the potential of dermoscopy as a non‐invasive diagnostic tool in differentiating between doubtful cases of PCA and PIH.
Does tertiarisation slow down productivity growth? A Kaldorian–Baumolian analysis across 10 developed economies
Authors: Rial Adrián , Fernández Rafael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study examines the impact of the expansion of the service sector on labour productivity growth in 10 developed economies, reaching back to the late 1970s. The main research novelty is that it combines both Kaldorian and Baumolian insights to develop a new shift‐share decomposition that, consistent with Kaldorian theory, endogenises productivity growth at the industry level with respect to structural change, and, consistent with the Baumolian framework, includes the impact that arises from the cumulative reallocation of nominal output and employment. Our results show that tertiarisation leads to a gradual decrease in productivity growth in most of these economies.
The TonB‐dependent uptake of pyrroloquinoline‐quinone (PQQ) and secretion of gluconate by Escherichia coli K‐12
Authors: Hantke Klaus , Friz Simon 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGlucose is taken up by Escherichia coli through the phosphotransferase system (PTS) as the preferred carbon source. PTS mutants grow with glucose as a carbon source only in the presence of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), which is needed as a redox cofactor for the glucose dehydrogenase Gcd. The membrane‐anchored Gcd enzyme oxidises glucose to gluconolactone in the periplasm. For this reaction to occur, external supply of PQQ is required as E. coli is unable to produce PQQ de novo. Growth experiments show that PqqU (previously YncD) is the TonB‐ExbBD‐dependent transporter for PQQ through the outer membrane. PQQ protected the cells from the PqqU‐dependent phage IsaakIselin (Bas10) by competition for the receptor protein. As a high affinity uptake system, PqqU allows E. coli to activate Gcd even at surrounding PQQ concentrations of about 1 nmoL/L. At about 30‐fold higher PQQ concentrations, the activation of Gcd gets PqqU independent. Due to its small size, Pqq may also pass the outer membrane through porins. The PQQ‐dependent production of gluconate has been demonstrated in many plant growth‐promoting bacteria that solubilise phosphate minerals in the soil by secreting this acid. Under phosphate limiting conditions also E. coli induces the glucose dehydrogenase and secretes gluconate, even in absence of PTS, that is, even when the bacterium is unable to grow on glucose without PQQ.
Time and behavioral adjustments to lactation: Insights from a marine predator
Authors: Borras‐Chavez Renato , Goebel Michael E. , Villegas‐Amtmann Stella , Hückstädt Luis A. , Rivera‐Rebella Carla , Costa Daniel P. , Fariña José M. , Bozinovic Francisco 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe energetic costs of lactation have been studied in many marine mammals, but little is known about the behavioral adjustments needed to cope with this event. By simultaneously measuring foraging behavior of lactating and nonlactating Antarctic fur seal females, we estimate the behavioral changes necessary to cope with the constraints of lactation and include the first comparative record of dive behavior between lactating and nonlactating female otariids. Nonlactating females exhibited highly variable foraging trip durations and spent long times onshore between trips. In contrast, lactating females exhibited consistently shorter trips and spent half the time hauled‐out compared to nonlactating females likely to maximize offspring provisioning. Lactating females show a reduced mean time per dive but greater percentage of time per trip spent diving compared to nonlactating animals. The reduction in time onshore and trip duration, together with modifications in dive performance suggests additional effort of lactating females to compensate for the constraints of rearing a pup, which has not been observed previously due to the lack of simultaneous comparison of lactating and nonlactating individuals. When possible, future studies of maternal investment should also include nonlactating individuals, since lactation may have a strong synergistic effect with other aspects shaping foraging behavior.
Incarnation and Israel: A Supralapsarian Account of Israel’s Chosenness
Authors: van Driel Edwin Chr. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn its first part, this essay maps various ways in which Christian theology has tried to make sense of the notion of Israel’s election: as simply an expression of Israel’s religious self‐consciousness (Friedrich Schleiermacher, Naim Ateek), as serving a larger goal in the divine economy (N.T. Wright, missional hermeneutics), and as the result of a divine falling in love (Michael Wyschogrod, Jon D. Levenson, R.W.L. Moberly). Finding all these approaches theologically wanting, in its second part the article develops an alternative approach, embedded in a supralapsarian Christology. The third part of the essay refutes the idea that supralapsarian Christology leads to supersessionism (R. Kendall Soulen) and argues that rather the opposite is the case: on the account of Israel’s election offered here, the covenant with Israel cannot be superseded because it is rooted in the very being of the incarnate One himself.
Late‐onset centronuclear myopathy caused by a heterozygous variant of DNM2 (c.1852G>C, p.A618P)
Authors: Sakai Kenji , Hayashi Koji , Saito Yoshihiko , Kanemoto Mizuki , Nishino Ichizo , Yamada Masahito , Ono Kenjiro 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe describe the case of a 70‐year‐old man with centronuclear myopathy (CNM) who developed limb weakness at the age of 55 years. At the age of 64, facial and limb weakness of MRC grade 4 was apparent. Biopsy of the deltoid muscle revealed abundant fibers with central nuclei and radial strands. Genetic analysis revealed a novel heterozygous missense variant of DNM2 (NM_001005360.3:c.1852G>C, p.A618P). Although generally patients with DNM2‐related CNM harboring a variant in codon 618 demonstrate a severe phenotype with neonatal onset, our case suggests that this particular variant could lead to a late adult‐onset form of CNM.
Reproducibility of high‐resolution manometry among healthy and constipated persons
Authors: Mishra Rahul , Gautam Misha , Oblizajek Nicholas R. , Bharucha Adil E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsAlthough high‐resolution manometry (HR_ARM) is commonly used to diagnose defecatory disorders, its intraindividual day‐to‐day reproducibility is unknown. Since these measurements entail voluntary effort, this study aimed to evaluate the intraindividual day‐to‐day reproducibility of HR_ARM.MethodsIn 22 healthy women (35 years [14] mean [SD]) and 53 constipated patients (42 years [13], 46 women), the rectal balloon expulsion time (BET), and anorectal pressures were measured with HR_ARM on 2 days separated by a median (interquartile range) of 15 days (11–53) in healthy and 40 days (8–75) in constipated patients. Anorectal pressures were evaluated at rest (20 s), during squeeze, and during evacuation. Rectal sensation was also evaluated in constipated patients. The agreement between both measurements was evaluated with Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and other tests.ResultsAmong constipated patients, the anal resting (mean CCC [95%CI] 0.62 [0.43–0.76]) and squeeze pressures (CCC 0.65 [0.47–0.79]), rectoanal gradient during evacuation (CCC 0.42 [0.17–0.62]), and rectal sensory thresholds (CCC for urgency 0.72 [0.52–0.84]) were concordant. Between days 1 and 2, one or more outcomes, characterized as normal or abnormal, differed in 79% of constipated patients, i.e., anal resting and squeeze pressures, the gradient, and the rectal BET differed in, respectively, 25%, 19%, 36%, and 10% of constipated patients. The rectal BET was prolonged in three healthy persons (both days) and either on 1 day (six patients) or 2 days (33 patients) in constipated patients.ConclusionsWhile HR_ARM variables and the BET are reproducible within healthy and constipated persons, the outcome on repeat testing differed in 79% of constipated patients.
Management of acne in transgender and gender diverse youth part 1: Gender affirming care and risk factors for the development of acne
Authors: Boos Markus D. , Hollingshead Nicole , Hodax Juanita K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAcne vulgaris is among the most common skin disorders afflicting adolescents worldwide, and though well‐established guidelines of care exist for acne management, these guidelines do not uniformly consider or address the unique psychosocial and medical needs of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth. TGD youth may possess distinct goals of therapy when treating their acne; the use of medicines routinely employed to treat acne may also expose TGD adolescents receiving gender affirming medical therapy to greater risk of adverse events. Part 1 of this two‐part review provides dermatologists an understanding of gender affirming care and its timing, as well as its potential impacts on the development of acne in TGD youth.
Policy feedback via economic behavior: A model and experimental analysis of consumption behavior
Authors: Schober Gregory S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article examines policy feedback via economic behavior in the mass public, with a focus on consumption behavior. Do public policies affect the consumption behavior of mass publics and subsequent policymaking processes and outcomes? If so, how? I introduce a policy feedback model of consumption behavior in the mass public. Within this model, I advance a theoretical argument on the consequences of targeted cash assistance policies (TCAPs) for consumer spending behavior and government provision of basic utilities in developing countries. Using a randomized field experiment in Mexico and pre–post analysis, I find that TCAPs boost consumer spending on private access to basic utilities in the short term and reduce government provision of basic utilities in the medium term. The study pushes policy feedback theorists to think beyond the arena of mass politics, and the findings have important implications for social policy and human development in developing countries.
What did Didactic Literature Teach? Change‐Ringing Manuals, Printed Miscellanies and Forms of Active Reading☆
Authors: Hunt Katherine 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper takes the practice of change‐ringing as a case study to examine the forms, transmission, and effects of early modern didactic literature. The novelty of change‐ringing, which was invented and very quickly spread in the seventeenth century, offers an opportunity to test out the contours of learning from printed books. Tracing the dissemination of its instructions in printed miscellanies of instructional literature, and comparing didactic miscellanies to poetic ones, I suggest that what might be most at stake in change‐ringing's written texts is the creation of an educated audience for, rather than practitioners of, the practice. I situate my argument among recent work on instructional literature to propose a renewed role for the literary techniques of textual analysis and bibliography in the study of early modern manuals.
Experimental Investigation on Debris Bed Quenching With Additional Non-Condensable Gas Injection
Authors: Petroff Markus , Kulenovic Rudi , Starflinger Jörg 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Severe accidents of light water reactors with core degradation can lead to the formation of a, so-called, debris bed inside the reactor cavity. In the scenario of depleted residual water, the bed can partially melt and interact with the concrete underneath generating noncondensable gases (NCG) at the bottom of the particle bed, which will flow through the debris bed. The impact of additional gas on the quenching process can in principle be considered in thermal-hydraulic system codes such as ATHLET; however, there is still a need for experimental validation of respective models or verification of corresponding simulation results. Therefore, especially for the model validation of COCOMO-3D, which is implemented in ATHLET, a specific extension to the existing experimental database is required. Experimental results of the quenching behavior of a monodispersed particle bed at top-flooding cooling condition with additional NCG injection, utilizing the new built-up test facility FLOAT (flooding facility with gas injection), are presented.
Comparison of the Acoustic Performance of Wooden Violins and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Violins Through a Modal Study by Finite Elements Method and Effective Masses
Authors: Zambrano Marcos , Vergara Mary , Burgos José Luis , Trejo Jhonattan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Even though string musical instruments made of synthetic materials such as carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) have respected acoustic performance, but a short manufacturing cycle and low product cost, they do not become an alternative to replace high-quality string instruments made of sound woods. For CFRP violins to approach high acoustic performance wood violins, they must exhibit approximately the same bending stiffness. The CFRP is denser, stiffer, and isotropic compared to the orthotropy of wood. In this work, the acoustic behavior of CFRP violins with the same geometry as high-quality wood violins was compared. A numerical modal study was developed by finite element simulations, comparing two violin top plates, one in CFRP and the other in Picea abies (PA) wood. The simulations were developed in the ansys mechanical software, using the Block Lanczos method with a mesh of 38,216 finite volumes, finding modal patterns for both the CFRP model and the PA model. Mathematical models based on solid state physics such as effective masses and maximum vibration amplitude between models were outlined. Both models were validated against experimental studies developed by other authors. It is concluded that for instruments with the same geometry, a sonorous superiority of the wood over the CFRP was evidenced, which leads to further reinforce the unique, enigmatic, and mythical behavior of violins made of sonorous woods such as the Stradivarius violins.
A Stochastic and Bayesian Inference Toolchain for Uncertainty and Risk Quantification of Rare Autoignition Events in Dry Low-Emission Premixers
Authors: Yousefian Sajjad , Jella Sandeep , Versailles Philippe , Bourque Gilles , Monaghan Rory F. D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Quantification of aleatoric uncertainties due to the inherent variabilities in operating conditions and fuel composition is essential for designing and improving premixers in dry low-emissions (DLE) combustion systems. Advanced stochastic simulation tools require a large number of evaluations in order to perform this type of uncertainty quantification (UQ) analysis. This task is computationally prohibitive using high-fidelity computational fluid dynamic (CFD) approaches such as large eddy simulation (LES). In this paper, we describe a novel and computationally efficient toolchain for stochastic modeling using minimal input from LES, to perform uncertainty and risk quantification of a DLE system. More specially, high-fidelity LES, chemical reactor network (CRN) model, beta mixture model, Bayesian inference and sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) are integrated into the toolchain. The methodology is applied to a practical premixer of low-emission combustion system with dimethyl ether (DME)/methane–air mixtures to simulate auto-ignition events at different engine conditions. First, the benchmark premixer is simulated using a set of LESs for a methane/air mixture at elevated pressure and temperature conditions. A partitioning approach is employed to generate a set of deterministic chemical reactor network (CRN) models from LES results. These CRN models are then solved at the volume-average conditions and validated by LES results. A mixture modeling approach using the expectation-method of moment (E-MM) is carried out to generate a set of beta mixture models and characterize uncertainties for LES-predicted temperature distributions. These beta mixture models and a normal distribution for DME volume fraction are used to simulate a set of stochastic CRN models. The Bayesian inference approach through SMC method is then implemented on the results of temperature distributions from stochastic CRN models to simulate the probability of auto-ignition in the benchmark premixer. The results present a very satisfactory performance for the stochastic toolchain to compute the auto-ignition propensity for a few events with a particular combination of inlet temperature and DME volume fraction. Characterization of these rare events is computationally prohibitive in the conventional deterministic methods such as high-fidelity LES.
Blisk With Small Geometry Mistuning and Blend Repair: As-Measured Finite Element Model and Experimental Verification
Authors: Zhou Biao , Zhao Jingchao , Ye Nan , Berruti Teresa M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper presents an “As-Measured Model” (AMM) of a blended blisk, built upon the measurement of the true geometry of the blisk by the three-dimensional optical scanning technology. This high-fidelity model aims to account for the variances of blade frequencies and mode shapes within the real blisk in the presence of both the blend repair and inherent geometry mistuning due to manufacturing, etc. An improved mesh updating strategy is proposed to adapt a seed blisk finite element model (FEM) to the measured geometry. The resultant AMM is therefore able to accurately represent the measured blade-to-blade geometry variances. The classical blade detuning test (BDT) in combination with a novel “correction” procedure is employed to experimentally evaluate the “blade-alone” frequency mistuning pattern in the real blisk. Experimental verification of the AMM demonstrates that it is able to not only capture the blade-alone frequency and mode shape variations due to both the blend and intrinsic blade geometry variances, but also to reproduce the global dynamics of the blended blisk with acceptable accuracy.
A Nonlinear Rotordynamics Model for Automotive Turbochargers Coupled to a Physical Model for a (SEMI) Floating Ring Bearing System
Authors: Jung Wonbae , San Andres Luis , Kim Jungbae 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Automotive turbochargers (TCs) use an engine oil lubricated bearing system to produce acceptable performance (as per the engine volumetric efficiency) and proven reliability. However, the bearings also cause TC rotordynamic responses that are rich in subsynchronous whirl motions through reaching stable limit cycles. The paper describes the lubrication model for a finite length semi-floating ring bearing (SFRB) system and its coupling to the rotor and ring structure models for prediction of both linear and nonlinear system responses and their characterization in terms of motion amplitudes and whirl frequency content. The SFRB model includes a thermal energy transport network for the inner and outer films in both radial bearings and the thrust bearings located on the end sides of the ring. The large temperature difference between the hot shaft and a cold housing induces a three-dimensional thermal gradient in the fluid films and the floating ring, further exacerbated by the heat generated from drag power losses in the inner films adjacent to the rotor. The temperature gradients affect the lubricant viscosity and the bearing system operating clearances. The integration of the rotor and bearing system (RBS) equations of motion accounts for the SFRB nonlinear forces and starts from static equilibrium position, if existing. The model predictions of nonlinear behavior are accurate when benchmarked to a set of measurements procured in a gas stand test rig. The analysis also investigates the influence of the bearing inner clearance and rotor mass imbalance distribution on the onset, persistence and severity of SSV.
A Three-Dimensional Non-Newtonian Magnetic Fluid Flow Induced Due to Stretching of the Flat Surface With Chemical Reaction
Authors: Punith Gowda R. J. , Sarris Ioannis E. , Naveen Kumar R. , Kumar Raman , Prasannakumara B. C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) flow of non-Newtonian liquid is studied in this analysis. Also, this paper is mainly focused on an incompressible magnetic liquid with low Curie temperature and moderate saturation magnetization. An extremely long, straight wire delivering an electric current generates a magnetic field that affects the fluid. Thermal radiation and chemical reaction impacts are considered to study heat and mass transport characteristics. Appropriate transformations are used to reduce pertinent flow expressions into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The obtained ODEs are solved by means of a numerical method (Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg's fourth–fifth order method (RKF-45) algorithm with shooting technique). The effect of pertinent parameters like chemical reaction rate parameter (between 0.1 and 1.5), ferromagnetic interaction parameter (between 0.01 and 1.0), viscous dissipation parameter (between 0.1 and 1.0), radiation parameter (between 0.1 and 1.0), Deborah number (between 0.1 and 1.0) and Schmidt number (between 1.0 and 2.0) on Maxwell liquid flow, heat and mass transport is illustrated via graphs. Furthermore, from the analysis, the heat transfer rate increases about 30%–40% for the increasing values of the ferromagnetic interaction parameter. Also, the mass transfer rate increases about 4%–6% for the increasing values of the chemical reaction rate parameter.