bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erythroferrone contributes to iron mobilization for embryo erythropoiesis in iron‐deficient mouse pregnancies
Authors: Sangkhae Veena , Yu Vivian , Coffey Richard , O'Brien Kimberly O. , Ganz Tomas , Nemeth Elizabeta 
Published: August 2022

AbstractErythroferrone (ERFE) is an erythroblast‐secreted regulator of iron metabolism. The production of ERFE increases during stress erythropoiesis, leading to decreased hepcidin expression and mobilization of iron. Pregnancy requires a substantial increase in iron availability to sustain maternal erythropoietic expansion and fetal development and is commonly affected by iron deficiency. To define the role of ERFE during iron‐replete or iron‐deficient pregnancy, we utilized mouse models expressing a range of ERFE levels: transgenic (TG) mice overexpressing ERFE, wild‐type (WT), and ERFE knockout (KO) mice. We altered maternal iron status using diets with low or standard iron content and performed the analysis at E18.5. Iron deficiency increased maternal ERFE in WT pregnancy. Comparing different maternal genotypes, ERFE TG dams had lower hepcidin relative to their liver iron load but similar hematological parameters to WT dams on either diet. In ERFE KO dams, most hematologic and iron parameters were comparable to WT, but mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was decreased under both iron conditions. Similar to dams, TG embryos had lower hepcidin on both diets, but their hematologic parameters did not differ from those of WT embryos. ERFE KO embryos had lower MCV than WT embryos on both diets. The effect was exacerbated under iron‐deficient conditions where ERFE KO embryos had higher hepcidin, lower Hb and Hct, and lower brain iron concentration compared to WT embryos, indicative of iron restriction. Thus, under iron‐deficient conditions, maternal and embryo ERFE facilitate iron mobilization for embryonic erythropoiesis.
Adjunct Thrombolysis Enhances Brain Reperfusion following Successful Thrombectomy
Authors: Laredo Carlos , Rodríguez Alejandro , Oleaga Laura , Hernández‐Pérez María , Renú Arturo , Puig Josep , Román Luis San , Planas Anna M. , Urra Xabier , Chamorro Ángel 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to investigate whether adjunct alteplase improves brain reperfusion following successful thrombectomy.MethodsThis single‐center, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study included 36 patients (mean [standard deviation] = 70.8 [13.5] years old, 18 [50%] women) with large vessel occlusion undergoing thrombectomy resulting in near‐normal (expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction [eTICI] b50/67/2c, n = 23, 64%) or normal angiographic reperfusion (eTICI 3, n = 13, 36%). Seventeen patients were randomized to intra‐arterial alteplase (0.225mg/kg), and 19 received placebo. At 48 hours, patients had brain perfusion/diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MRI‐spectroscopy. The primary outcome was the difference in the proportion of patients with areas of hypoperfusion on MRI. Secondary outcomes were the infarct expansion ratio (final to initial infarction volume), and the N‐acetylaspartate (NAA) peak relative to total creatine as a marker of neuronal integrity.ResultsThe prevalence of hypoperfusion was 24% with intra‐arterial alteplase, and 58% with placebo (adjusted odds ratio = 0.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.04–0.91, p = 0.03). Among 14 patients with final eTICI 3 scores, hypoperfusion was found in 1 of 7 (14%) in the alteplase group and 3 of 7 (43%) in the placebo group. Abnormal brain perfusion was associated with worse functional outcome at day 90. Alteplase significantly reduced the infarct expansion ratio compared with placebo (median [interquartile range (IQR)] = 0.7 [0.5–1.2] vs 3.2 [1.8–5.7], p = 0.01) and resulted in higher NAA peaks (median [IQR] = 1.13 [0.91–1.36] vs 1.00 [0.74–1.22], p < 0.0001).InterpretationThere is a high prevalence of areas of hypoperfusion following thrombectomy despite successful reperfusion on angiography. Adjunct alteplase enhances brain reperfusion, which results in reduced expansion of the infarction and improved neuronal integrity. ANN NEUROL 2022;92:860–870
Training Process of Unsupervised Learning Architecture for Gravity Spy Dataset
Authors: Sakai Yusuke , Itoh Yousuke , Jung Piljong , Kokeyama Keiko , Kozakai Chihiro , Nakahira Katsuko T. , Oshino Shoichi , Shikano Yutaka , Takahashi Hirotaka , Uchiyama Takashi , Ueshima Gen , Washimi Tatsuki , Yamamoto Takahiro , Yokozawa Takaaki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTransient noise appearing in the data from gravitational‐wave detectors frequently causes problems, such as instability of the detectors and overlapping or mimicking gravitational‐wave signals. Because transient noise is considered to be associated with the environment and instrument, its classification would help to understand its origin and improve the detector's performance. In a previous study, an architecture for classifying transient noise using a time–frequency 2D image (spectrogram) is proposed, which uses unsupervised deep learning combined with variational autoencoder and invariant information clustering. The proposed unsupervised‐learning architecture is applied to the Gravity Spy dataset, which consists of Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational‐Wave Observatory (Advanced LIGO) transient noises with their associated metadata to discuss the potential for online or offline data analysis. In this study, focused on the Gravity Spy dataset, the training process of unsupervised‐learning architecture of the previous study is examined and reported.
Reconfigurable Guided‐Mode Conversion Using Cladding Medium Switching Strategy in Subwavelength Grating Waveguide
Authors: Jia Hao , Chen Haoxiang , Wang Tao , Yang Jianhong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn a waveguide‐based coupled‐mode system, various mode conversions are achieved by designing mode evolution procedures. However, the differences of refractive indices among modes exceed the capability of conventional tuning mechanism, so most reported mode manipulation devices can only realize fixed mode conversions. This paper introduces the cladding medium switching strategy to the subwavelength grating waveguide‐based coupled‐mode system, and proposes a reconfigurable mode converter on silicon nitride platform. This work systematically analyzes the phase matching conditions on a coupled‐mode system. Results show that for both whole and partial upper‐cladding switchable, it is possible to achieve reconfigurable mode conversions. For whole cladding switchable case, this work demonstrates a double‐state mode converter, which converts the input mode to TE2 and TE1 modes under cladding refractive indices of 1 and 1.7. This work expands it to triple‐state mode conversion with window‐style cladding, which converts the input to TE2, TE1, and TE0 modes under cladding of 1, 1.54, and 1.7. The optical bandwidths are relatively large, and the conversion efficiencies exceed 56% for all cases. The mechanism provides a non‐volatile and energy‐efficient way for tunable mode conversions, which is promising for applications in optical networks, communications, and sensors, etc.
Non‐Hermitian Hartman Effect
Authors: Longhi Stefano 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Hartman effect refers to the rather paradoxical result that the time spent by a quantum mechanical particle or a photon to tunnel through an opaque potential barrier becomes independent of barrier width for long barriers. Such an effect, which has been observed in different physical settings, raised a lively debate and some controversies, owing to the correct definition and interpretation of tunneling times and the apparent superluminal transmission. A rather open question is whether (and under which conditions) the Hartman effect persists for inelastic scattering, that is, when the potential becomes non‐Hermitian and the scattering matrix is not unitary. Here, tunneling through a heterojunction barrier in the tight‐binding picture is considered, where the barrier consists of a generally non‐Hermitian finite‐sized lattice attached to two semi‐infinite nearest‐neighbor Hermitian lattice leads. A simple and general condition is derived for the persistence of the Hartman effect in non‐Hermitian barriers, showing that it can be found rather generally when non‐Hermiticity arises from nonreciprocal couplings, that is, when the barrier displays the non‐Hermitian skin effect, without any special symmetry in the system.
Tetracoordinated ONNO donor purine‐based Schiff base and its metal complexes: Synthesis, characterization, DNA binding, theoretical studies, and bioactivities
Authors: Singh Anmol , Gogoi Himadri Priya , Barman Pranjit , Das Ankita , Pandey Piyush 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTetracoordinated ONNO purine‐based novel Schiff base (1) and its metal complexes Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) (2–5) were procured from 2,6‐diaminopurine and 5‐chlorosalicylaldehyde and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, UV–Vis, magnetic measurements, ESI‐MS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR analysis. The new complexes showed an interesting structural variation: Distorted tetrahedral (CoL, CuL, and ZnL) and tetrahedral (NiL) geometries indicate that the metal ions bind with ligands through ONNO coordination sites. Density functional theory (DFT) and neutral bond orbital (NBO) calculations were performed to obtain an understanding of the structural characteristics, orbital interactions, and electronic chemical descriptors evaluation. Absorption and fluorescence spectra have been employed to examine the calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid (CT‐DNA)‐binding behavior of the ligand and its complexes. Pharmacological activities, including in vitro antioxidant, in vitro anti‐inflammatory, and in vitro antidiabetic assays, were performed. All compounds showed better activities compared with the free ligand. For anti‐inflammatory and antidiabetic assays, ZnL complex showed high activity, whereas CuL complex exhibited the highest antioxidant activity among other metal complexes. Moreover, the zone of inhibition (ZOI) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the synthesized compounds were screened for in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Here also, complexes exhibited better antibacterial activity than the free ligand, especially the ZnL complex. The docking active site interactions were gauged to predict the activity of ligand and its metal complexes by binding with distinct active sites of B‐DNA dodecamer (for DNA‐binding activity), cyclooxygenase‐2 (for anti‐inflammatory assay), and α‐amylase enzyme and α‐glucosidase enzyme of human pancreatic system (for antidiabetic assay). The results indicated that the compounds are worth further investigation as a possible therapeutic agent.
A high‐performance self‐healing polyurea material based on exchangeable aromatic disulfide
Authors: Hao Yujia , Zhu Guangming , Li Ben , Ren Tianning 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHigh‐performance polyurea materials demonstrate promising applications in the field of aerospace, military, etc. During processing and use, however, the formation of cracks may cause serious degradation of material properties. Self‐healing polyurea should be an effective way to address this issue. Here, an innovative polyurea material, which exhibited excellent mechanical properties and self‐healing abilities, was synthesized from the commercially available poly(propylene glycol) bis(2‐aminopropyl ether), isophorone diisocyanate, and 2‐Aminophenyl disulfide (APD). The rigid benzene ring in APD is beneficial to the mechanical properties of polyureas, simultaneously the irregular structure of APD prevents the hard segments from stacking tightly, which facilitates the exchange of disulfide bonds to achieve the self‐healing function. Furthermore, the microstructure, mechanical properties and self‐healing ability of the polyureas are highly dependent on the amount of APD. The obtained SPU‐4 exhibits robust mechanical strength (tensile stress of 21.2 MPa), outstanding stretchability (strain of 1006%), high rigidity (Young's modulus of 248.1 MPa), and excellent energy absorption (toughness of 139.7 MJ·m−3), besides, with heat stimulation, the self‐healing efficiencies based on strength and elongation could reach 92.7% and 74.5%, respectively. The excellent properties allow the material to show broad potential in the practical applications such as protection, energy absorption, etc.
Improved genome assembly provides new insights into the environmental adaptation of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana
Authors: Zheng Xiaofeng , Wang Lei , Liu Yi , Yang Zhen , Li Fengjun , Yan Lin , Shen Yongmei , Yue Bisong , Zhou Chuang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe synanthropic pest and a model organism for entomological research, American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus), can survive in unfavorable environments for humans. To investigate the genetic mechanisms of success in environmental adaptation of P. americana, we de novo reassembled its whole genome based on next‐generation sequencing and PacBio sequencing. The final genome reassembly consisted of approximately 3.34 Gb with scaffold N50 of 465.51 Kb. The completeness (95.4%) of the complete genome was evaluated with single‐copy orthologous genes using BUSCO. We identified 18,618 protein‐coding genes, 16,443 (88.32%) of which were well supported by public protein databases. We identified 482.04 Mb (approximately 14.45%) repeat elements, 1,385,093 perfect microsatellites simple sequence repeats in P. americana genome, which was higher than other four Blattaria insects. Comparative genomics analysis revealed obvious expansion in the gene families associated with chemoreception (olfactory receptors, gustatory receptors, ionotropic glutamate receptors, chemosensory protein, and sensory neuron membrane protein), which provided the necessary information for functional characterization of the chemosensory receptors of P. americana, with potential for new or refined applications of semiochemicals‐based control of this pest insect. Similarly, gene families (cytochrome P450s, carboxyl/choline esterases, and UDP‐glycosyl‐transferases) encoding receptors for bitter or toxic substances and detoxification enzymes were obviously expanded in P. americana, enabling its ability to detect and detoxify many toxins. Enrichment analysis of positively selected genes in P. americana revealed items associated with metabolic process and catalytic activity, which possibly contributed to the pesticide resistance of P. americana. We also analyzed the homologs to antimicrobial peptide genes reported in the Drosophila genome, and identified two attacins and seven defensins in P. americana. Our data and findings will substantially facilitate molecular studies in P. americana, including elucidation of detoxification mechanisms of xenobiotic, as well as development of new pest management strategies for the control of pests like P. americana.
Bioactivity of hamamelitannin, flavokawain A, and triacetyl resveratrol as natural compounds: Molecular docking study, anticolon cancer, and anti‐Alzheimer potentials
Authors: Zhang Ming , Xue Jiao , Chen Xiao , Elsaid Fahmy G. , Salem Eman T. , Ghanem Reham A. , El‐kott Attalla F. , Xu Zhongkai 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, we worked on anticolon cancer effects and anti‐Alzheimer's disease with molecular docking studies. Hamamelitannin, flavokawain A, and triacetyl resveratrol compounds showed good inhibitory activities on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzymes. The inhibition effects of flavokawain A, hamamelitannin, and triacetyl resveratrol on AChE and BuChE enzymes were determined spectrophotometrically conforming to Ellman. IC50values of these enzymes were ranging between 0.95 ± 0.12 and 93.27 ± 8.14 nM for AChE and 5.71 ± 0.77 and 52.10 ± 8.41 nM for BuChE. The inhibitory activities of some chemical compounds such as flavokawain A, hamamelitannin, and triacetyl resveratrol were assessed by performing the molecular docking study in the presence of AChE and BuChE. Also, the features of the ligand–enzyme complex had value of −7.722 kcal/mol for flavokawain A against AChE and −5.530 kcal/mol against BuChE. The molecular docking calculations indicated the probable interactions and their characteristics at an atomic level. Due to the outcomes gained from docking, the affinity of the chemical compounds to the enzymes was considerable. In vitro cell viabilities of flavokawain A, hamamelitannin, and triacetyl resveratrol with various concentrations on SW620, DLD‐1, HT29, HCT8, and HCT116 were investigated by MTT assay with Doxorubicin as the control compound.
Prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma in head and neck region treated with different regimens—A single‐centre study
Authors: Cheng Yutian , Xu Le , Chen Zhanwei , Wu Haiwei , Zou Huwei , Zhang Tianqi , Liu Guijun , Liu Zhenxing , Yin Changwei , Ma Li , Zhang Shizhou , Li Wengang , Huang Shengyun , Zhang Dongsheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundNo study has evaluated the impact of regimen on recurrence, metastasis and survival in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of radioactive seed implantation and other regimens in treating ACC, so as to investigate the clinical applicability of radioactive seed implantation and determine the indications for this regimen.MethodsA total of 188 patients with ACC in oromaxillofacial region were allocated to four groups according to the treatment regimen: group 1 was treated with a combination of surgery and 125I seed therapy, group 2 with a combination of surgery and external radiotherapy, group 3 with surgery, whereas group 4 was untreated. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to assess the survival rates, and the Cox regression analyses were used to identify the associated prognostic factors.ResultsThe overall survival rates of 188 patients and groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were 85.7%, 75%, 68.2% and 37.5%, respectively. Cox regression analysis revealed that age, T stage, N stage and regimen were independent prognostic factors of survival. Amongst patients with primary ACC, the efficacy of radioactive seed implantation was higher in those with perineural invasion than in those without.ConclusionPatient age, T stage, N stage and regimen are independent prognostic factors of survival in patients with ACC. Patients treated with surgery combined with postoperative 125I seed radiotherapy have a higher overall survival rate, and those with perineural invasion are more suitable for radioactive seed implantation therapy.
Different predictive values of microvessel density for biochemical recurrence among different PCa populations: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jiang Jinjiang , Li Jinze , Xiong Xingyu , Zhang Shiyu , Tan Daqing , Yang Lu , Wei Qiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies have explored the relationship between intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) and the risk of postoperative biochemical recurrence (BCR) in prostate cancer (PCa), although the results are contradictory. Therefore, we conducted a meta‐analysis to investigate the effect of MVD on BCR in PCa.MethodWe searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Science Direct/Elsevier, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, and EMBase databases from inception through January 2022, with no year or language restrictions, and used NOS guidelines to evaluate the quality of the 19 eligible studies. The derived hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were used to assess each endpoint. Data synthesis was performed with RevMan to assess the prognostic value of MVD in PCa and its heterogeneity, while the publication bias was examined using STATA 16.0.ResultsOur meta‐analysis included 19 articles (4 for T1‐2, 6 for T1‐3, and 9 for T1‐4) on postoperative biochemical recurrence of PCa, among which, 3933 patients were pooled. The predictive ability of intratumoral MVD for different stages of PCa on BCR was T1‐2 (HR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.08–5.58; p = 0.03; I2 = 83%), T1‐3 (HR, 2.38, 95% CI, 1.41–4.01; p = 0.001; I2 = 82%), T1‐4 (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.19–2.19; p = 0.002; I2 = 61%).The subgroup analyses based on European and immunohistochemical antibody none‐factor VII were consistent with primary one. Sensitivity analysis excluding those studies judged to be at high risk of bias in T1‐2 showed a HR of 2.99[1.70,5.27] (I2 = 38%, p = 0.0001), demonstrating the robustness of risk estimates of MVD for the assessment of biochemical recurrence.ConclusionMicrovessel density is a predictor of BCR among patients with PCa, and earlier T stage PCa with a stronger MVD is associated with BCR. Further studies are needed to investigate neoangiogenesis in different T stages of PCa and whether MVD will be of benefit to the EAU‐recommended tool for biochemical recurrence risk assessment.
FAT2 mutation is associated with better prognosis and responsiveness to immunotherapy in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Wang Zhe , Xing Linan , Huang Yujie , Han Peilin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundUterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) ranks sixth among malignant tumors in women and the mortality is still rising. FAT2 gene has been considered to be related to the survival and prognosis of some certain diseases in previous studies, but the FAT2 mutation status in UCEC and its prognostic value has been rarely studied. Hence, the purpose of our study was to explore the role of FAT2 mutations for predicting prognosis and responsiveness to immunotherapy in patients with UCEC.MethodsUCEC samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas database were analyzed. We evaluated the impact of FAT2 gene mutation status and clinicopathological characteristics on the prognosis of UCEC patients and used univariate and multivariate Cox analysis risk scores to independently predict patient overall survival (OS). Tumor mutation burden (TMB) values of the FAT2 mutant and non‐mutant groups were computed by Wilcoxon rank sum test. The correlation of FAT2 mutation and half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of various anticancer drugs was analyzed. Gene Ontology data and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were employed to examine the differential expression of genes between the two groups. Finally, a single‐sample GSEA arithmetic was utilized to measure the abundance of tumor‐infiltrating immune cells in UCEC patients.ResultsFAT2 mutations suggested better OS (p < 0.001) and disease‐free survival (DFS) (p = 0.007) in UCEC. The IC50 values of 18 anticancer drugs were upregulated in FAT2 mutation patients (p < 0.05). The TMB and microsatellite instability values of patients with FAT2 mutations were significantly higher (p < 0.001). Next, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional analysis and GSEA revealed the potential mechanism of FAT2 mutation on the tumorigenesis and progression of UCEC. In addition, in reference to the UCEC microenvironment, the infiltration levels of activated CD4/CD8 T cells (p < 0.001/p = 0.001) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (p = 0.006) were upregulated in the non‐FAT2 mutation group, and Type 2 T helper cells (p = 0.001) were downregulated in the FAT2 mutation group.ConclusionsUCEC patients with FAT2 mutations have better prognosis and are more likely to respond to immunotherapy. FAT2 mutation may be a valuable predictor for prognosis and responsiveness to immunotherapy in UCEC patients.