bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ni‐doped TiO2/TiO2 homojunction photoanodes for efficient dye‐sensitized solar cells
Authors: Atilgan Abdullah , Yildiz Abdullah 
Published: May 2022

SummaryThe development of novel bilayer photoanodes plays an essential role in dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) applications to fabricate efficient devices. Herein, a novel homojunction photoanode consisting of undoped and Ni‐doped TiO2 layers with trace amounts of Ni dopant (0.5% at.) was prepared. After a systematic study on photoconversion efficiency that changes with tuning the location of the doped layer, an in‐depth understanding was obtained regarding the physical mechanism of the coupling of structural, optical and electrical properties. We demonstrated that the doped layer can be utilized for high‐performance DSSCs by employing a homojunction photoanode consisting of an upper‐layer of Ni‐doped TiO2 and a lower‐layer of undoped TiO2 to dramatically increase the photoconversion efficiency. We monitored that the light absorption ability of the dye‐loaded photoanodes strongly improved with the bilayer (Ni‐doped TiO2/TiO2), leading to a higher short circuit current. From impedance spectroscopy (Mott‐Schottky plots), compared to both undoped and the doped single‐layer analogues, a greater shift to more negative flat band potential was noticed for the bilayer and, therefore, a higher open‐circuit voltage was achieved. From electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis, it was found that chemical capacitance decreases, while recombination resistance increases after Ni incorporation in the photoanode. They were associated with a reduction in the number of immobile electrons trapped by defect states. A relatively longer electron lifetime of 10.18 ms and diffusion length of 63.2 μm were obtained for the device assembled with the homojunction (Ni‐doped TiO2/TiO2). The PCE (6.08%) of the device assembled with the bilayer was superior to its single‐layer analogue (4.13%), owing to its enhanced light harvesting capability, proper band alignment, improved injection ability, fast electron transport and better collection efficiency. Our results shed light on important characteristics of a homojunction photoanode, which can be considered for future studies and applications.
High capacitance twin‐graphene anode material for magnesium ion battery
Authors: Dua Harkishan , Deb Jyotirmoy , Sarkar Utpal 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this study, a magnesium ion rechargeable battery with twin‐graphene based anode material has been proposed and studied for its feasibility as a suitable option to replace the commercially available lithium‐ion rechargeable batteries. The adsorption of magnesium ion is tested at different sites on the substrate and adsorption at the trigonal sites is seen to be the most stable one. A supercell of twin‐graphene is seen to accommodate a maximum of 8 Mg ions which gives a high theoretical capacitance of . The Mg adsorbed anode material is seen to be thermodynamically stable in both single and fully accommodated systems. Nudged elastic band (NEB) calculations for the movement of Mg ions via different paths reveal a low diffusion barrier for the movement of ions which is indicative of higher diffusivity in the system and faster charging rates which render twin‐graphene as a suitable material for use in Mg‐ion batteries (MIB).
Applications of green technologies‐based approaches for food safety enhancement: A comprehensive review
Authors: Islam Fakhar , Saeed Farhan , Afzaal Muhammad , Ahmad Aftab , Hussain Muzzamal , Khalid Muhammad Armghan , Saewan Shamaail A. , Khashroum Ashraf O. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFood is the basic necessity for life that always motivated man for its preservation and making it available for an extended period. Food scientists always tried to preserve it with minimum deterioration in quality by employing and investigating innovative preservation techniques. The food sector always remained in search of eco‐friendly and sustainable solutions to tackle food safety challenges. Green technologies (ozone, pulsed electric field, ohmic heating, photosensitization, ultraviolet radiations, high‐pressure processing, ultrasonic, nanotechnology) are in high demand owing to their eco‐friendly, rapid, efficient, and effective nature in controlling microbes with a negligible residual impact on food quality during processing. The use of green technologies would be a desirable substitute for conventionally available preservation techniques. This paper discusses different food preservation techniques with special reference to green technologies to minimize the deleterious impact on the environment and employs these innovative technologies to play role in enhancing the food safety.
The unfolded protein response to PI*Z alpha‐1 antitrypsin in human hepatocellular and murine models
Authors: Lu Yuanqing , Wang Liqun R. , Lee Jungnam , Mohammad Naweed S. , Aranyos Alek M. , Gould Calvin , Khodayari Nazli , Oshins Regina A. , Moneypenny Craig G. , Brantly Mark L. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Alpha‐1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency (AATD) is an inherited disease caused by mutations in the serpin family A member 1 (SERPINA1, also known as AAT) gene. The most common variant, PI*Z (Glu342Lys), causes accumulation of aberrantly folded AAT in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of hepatocytes that is associated with a toxic gain of function, hepatocellular injury, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular response to improperly folded proteins meant to alleviate ER stress. It has been unclear whether PI*Z AAT elicits liver cell UPR, due in part to limitations of current cellular and animal models. This study investigates whether UPR is activated in a novel human PI*Z AAT cell line and a new PI*Z human AAT (hAAT) mouse model. A PI*Z AAT hepatocyte cell line (Huh7.5Z) was established using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 gene editing of the normal ATT (PI*MM) gene in the Huh7.5 cell line. Additionally, novel full‐length genomic DNA PI*Z hAAT and PI*M hAAT transgenic mouse models were established. Using these new models, UPR in Huh7.5Z cells and PI*Z mice were comprehensively determined. Robust activation of UPR was observed in Huh7.5Z cells compared to Huh7.5 cells. Activated caspase cascade and apoptosis markers, increased chaperones, and autophagy markers were also detected in Z hepatocytes. Selective attenuation of UPR signaling branches was observed in PI*Z hAAT mice in which the protein kinase R‐like ER kinase and inositol‐requiring enzyme1α branches were suppressed while the activating transcription factor 6α branch remained active. This study provides direct evidence that PI*Z AAT triggers canonical UPR and that hepatocytes survive pro‐apoptotic UPR by selective suppression of UPR branches. Our data improve understanding of underlying pathological molecular mechanisms of PI*Z AATD liver disease.
Effects of solriamfetol on on‐the‐road driving performance in participants with excessive daytime sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: Vinckenbosch Frederick , Asin Jerryll , de Vries Nicolaas , Vonk Patty E. , Donjacour Claire E. H. M. , Lammers Gert Jan , Overeem Sebastiaan , Janssen Hennie , Wang Grace , Chen Dan , Carter Lawrence P. , Zhou Kefei , Vermeeren Annemiek , Ramaekers Johannes G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of solriamfetol, a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, on on‐the‐road driving in participants with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) associated with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA).MethodsEligible participants were aged 21–75 years with OSA and EDS (Maintenance of Wakefulness Test mean sleep latency <30 minutes and Epworth Sleepiness Scale score ≥10). Participants were randomised 1:1 to solriamfetol (150 mg/day [3 days], then 300 mg/day [4 days]) or placebo for 7 days, before crossover to the other treatment paradigm. On Day 7 of each period, standardised on‐road driving tests occurred (2 and 6 hours postdose). Standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP) was the primary endpoint.ResultsSolriamfetol significantly reduced SDLP at 2 (n = 34; least squares mean difference, –1.1 cm; 95% CI, –1.85, –0.32; p = 0.006) and 6 hours postdose (n = 32; least squares mean difference, –0.8 cm; 95% CI, –1.58, –0.03; p = 0.043). Two hours postdose, 4 placebo‐treated and 1 solriamfetol‐treated participants had incomplete driving tests; 6 hours postdose, 7 and 3 participants, respectively, had incomplete tests. Common treatment‐emergent adverse events included headache, nausea, and insomnia.ConclusionsSolriamfetol 300 mg/day significantly improved on‐the‐road driving performance in participants with EDS associated with OSA.
Protective Effect on Bone of Nacre Supplementation in Ovariectomized Rats
Authors: Nguyen Dung Kim , Laroche Norbert , Vanden‐Bossche Arnaud , Linossier Marie‐Thérèse , Thomas Mireille , Peyroche Sylvie , Normand Myriam , Bertache‐Djenadi Yacine , Thomas Thierry , Marotte Hubert , Vico Laurence , Lafage‐Proust Marie‐Hélène , Rousseau Marthe 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTNacre has emerged as a beneficial natural product for bone cells and tissues, but its effect was only studied by gavage in the ovariectomized mouse model. We sought to assess the antiosteoporotic effect of nacre through a nutritional supplementation in the ovariectomized rat model. Sixteen‐week‐old female Wistar rats were either Sham‐operated or bilateral ovariectomized (OVX) and then fed with standard diet (Sham and OVX groups) or standard diet supplemented with either 0.25% CaCO3or nacre (OVX CaCO3and OVX Nacre group, respectively) for 28 days (n = 10/group). The bone microarchitecture was assessed at appendicular and axial bones by micro‐computed tomography (μCT). Histomorphometric analysis was performed to determine cellular and dynamic bone parameters. Bone metabolism was also evaluated by biochemical markers and gene expression levels. Nacre‐based diet prevented the OVX‐induced bone loss better than that of the CaCO3supplement, given the significant changes in trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV) both at the femoral distal metaphysis (difference, 35%;p = 0.004) and at the second lumbar spine (difference, 11%;p = 0.01). Trabecular osteoclast surfaces (Oc.S/BS) were also 1.5‐fold lower at the tibial proximal metaphysis in OVX Nacre group compared with OVX CaCO3group (p = 0.02).By principal component analysis (PCA), OVX Nacre group formed a cluster away from OVX group and with a trend closest to Sham group. These data were consistent with biological measurements demonstrating a positive profile related to nacre supplementation, which blunted an increase in serum CTX level and enhanced serum P1NP secretion 14 days post‐OVX compared with CaCO3supplementation.Bmp2mRNA expression in OVX Nacre group was +1.76‐fold (p = 0.004) and +1.30‐fold (p = 0.20) compared with OVX and OVX CaCO3groups, respectively. We conclude that supplementation with nacre could effectively limit bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency just after OVX in rats by modulating the negative imbalance of bone turnover. © 2022 The Authors.JBMR Pluspublished by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The protective effects of trimetazidine against ovary ischemia–reperfusion injury via the TLR4/Nf‐kB signal pathway
Authors: Ozturk Aykut , Topcu Atilla , Deniz Esra , Duman Ozturk Seda , Arpa Medeni , Kutlu Yilmaz Eda 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLate diagnosis and treatment of ovarian ischemia can lead to worsening of ischemia, irreversible damage to ovarian functions and infertility. In this process, there is no approved medical treatment that can reduce the negative effects of ischemia and contribute positively to ovarian functions during reperfusion after detorsion. Rats were randomly assigned into one of six groups of eight animals each. The groups were designed as follows: The control group, The ischemia(I) group, The Ischemia + Trimetazidine (I + TMZ) (20 mg/kg) group, and The ischemia–reperfusion group (I/R). The Ischemia–Reperfusion + Trimetazidine (I/R + TMZ) (20 mg/kg) group, and The Sham + Trimetazidine (Sham + TMZ) (20 mg/kg) group. In this study performed thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total thiol (–SH), interleukin 1 beta (IL‐1β), interleukin 6 (IL‐6), toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), and nuclear factor‐kappa B(NF‐κβ). Increased oxidative stress and inflammation were as a result of ovarian I and I/R application. Trimetazidine (TMZ), was sufficient to reduce the oxidative stress and inflammation. TLR4 and NF‐κβ, which were upregulated by oxidative stress and inflammation, were regressed by TMZ. TMZ should be considered as a potential therapeutic agent in addition to surgery in the clinical treatment of ovarian torsion.
Efficient removal of Imidacloprid and nutrients by microalgae‐bacteria consortium in municipal wastewater: effects, mechanism, and importance of light
Authors: Cheng Yongtao , Deng Zhikang , Wang Hongyu , Wang Jiping , Liu Zhe , Xiao Jingshang , Qian Long , Wu Li 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDWith the rapid development of society, a large amount of wastewater and pesticides enter the water bodies globally, posing a threat to both the environment and the health of people and other living things. In this paper, an algal strain Scenedesmus sp. was isolated from a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP); its interaction effect with wastewater bacteria on the removal of IMI and conventional pollutants in municipal wastewater was evaluated.RESULTSIn this study, an algae‐bacteria system was constructed with municipal wastewater, with the aim of exploring the removal effects and mechanisms of the consortium system on Imidacloprid (IMI, 20 mg L−1 and 60 mg L−1) and conventional nutrients from municipal wastewater. The results showed that no IMI was removed under 20 μmol m−2 s−1. However, under 60 μmol m−2 s−1, more than 90% of IMI was removed in the algae‐wastewater group (AWG) with Scenedesmus sp.; this value is much higher than the 50.4% (20 mg L−1) and 36.1% (60 mg L−1) achieved by the wastewater group (WG) without Scenedesmus sp. Meanwhile, the removal efficiency of nitrogen was 82.3% (20 mg L−1) and 71.9% (60 mg L−1) in AWG, both of which are higher than the 73.4% and 59.1% in WG, respectively. Moreover, Scenedesmus sp. TXH has a strong resistance to IMI and 4 degradation products (including IMI‐urea, 4(5)‐hydroxy‐IMI, Nitrosimine, and a substance with m/z of 176) were found in AWG.CONCLUSIONUsing consortium to treat municipal wastewater containing IMI is an effective and safe way. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Tetracycline degradation by persulfate activated with novel magnetic composite ferrocene/chitosan@Fe3O4
Authors: Xie Lin , Chen Fang‐yan , Tang Yu‐bin , Hao Chen‐Chen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDFerrocene (Fc) is a chemically stable, safe and non‐toxic substance with excellent redox performance and is often used to activate various oxidants. However, Fc is a nanoscale non‐magnetic material, which needs a suitable carrier such as chitosan (CS) to be fixed and being compounded with magnetic material for recycling.RESULTSA new magnetic catalyst, Fc/CS@Fe3O4, was prepared for activating persulfate (PS) to degrade tetracycline (TC) in water. The catalyst prepared was characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry, and the effects of the dosage of PS and catalyst, pH, temperature, coexisting anions and fulvic acid on TC degradation were investigated. The results showed that the removal of TC could be promoted by increasing the temperature, and acidic conditions are more beneficial to TC degradation than alkaline conditions. Cl−, CO32−, HCO3− and fulvic acid could all inhibit the degradation of TC. Light and catalyst had a synergistic activation effect on PS. Under conditions of PS and catalyst dosage all 400 mg L−1, temperature 25° C, TC concentration 30 mg L−1 and initial pH 5, TC could be completely degraded within 60 min. Both SO4−• and HO• contributed to TC degradation, and SO4−• was the main active species in the degradation system.CONCLUSIONThe results indicate that Fc/CS@Fe3O4 has good catalytic activity and stability, and has potential application in the treatment of antibiotics in water. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
CARIBOU‐1: A pilot controlled trial of an Integrated Care Pathway for the treatment of depression in adolescents
Authors: Courtney Darren B. , Cheung Amy , Henderson Joanna , Bennett Kathryn , Wang Wei , Chen Sheng , Battaglia Marco , Strauss John , Mitchell Rachel , Wang Karen , Relihan Jacqueline , Prebeg Matthew , Darnay Karleigh , Szatmari Peter 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo co‐ordinate a multidisciplinary team in the delivery of guideline recommendations using a measurement‐based care framework, our group previously developed a care pathway for the treatment of depression in adolescents. Core components of the pathway were: assessment, education, cognitive‐behavioural therapy, a caregiver intervention group, a medication algorithm, and monthly measurement‐based care “team reviews” with the adolescent present. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of conducting a controlled clinical trial of the pathway.MethodWe conducted a 20‐week pilot controlled clinical trial of the care pathway relative to treatment as usual. Participants were adolescents (age 14–18) with a primary diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder recruited from one of two outpatient psychiatric clinics at academic hospitals. Site of presentation was the method of allocation. Thirty‐five youth were allocated to the pathway and 31 were allocated to treatment as usual. As this is a pilot study, trial feasibility outcomes were of primary interest, including clinician fidelity to the care pathway.ResultsOur target sample size was recruited over a 15‐month time interval. Clinician fidelity and adolescent engagement in the care pathway components on a priori checklists were high (95% and 80%, respectively). We collected baseline and 20‐week endpoint data for our primary outcome of the Children's Depression Rating Scale – Revised (CDRS‐R) for 83% of the sample. On linear mixed effects modelling, we observed a linear decrease in CDRS‐R across 4‐week intervals up to the 20‐week endpoint in both groups (β = −2.07; 95% CI −3.14 to −1.01).ConclusionA controlled clinical trial of a complex, multi‐component intervention for the treatment of depression in adolescents is feasible. Given the need to find optimal strategies to deliver effective care for adolescents with depression, a definitive randomized controlled trial of the pathway is warranted.Trial is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03428555
A comparative account of coelomocyte of earthworm ecotypes with reference to its morphology, morphometry, density, phagocytosis, autofluorescence, and oxidative status
Authors: Manna Sumit , Ray Abhishek , Gautam Arunodaya , Mukherjee Soumalya , Ray Mitali , Ray Sajal 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEarthworms inhabit different strata of moist soil. Epigeic and endogeic earthworms prefer superficial and inner stratum of soil respectively, whereas, semiaquatic species are distributed around hydrated soil near ponds and lakes. Coelomocytes, the chief immunoeffector cells of coelomic origin, perform diverse physiological functions like phagocytosis, maintenance of cellular homeostasis, and acid–base balance of coelomic fluid, graft rejection, elicitation of cytotoxic, and oxidative responses under the challenges of pathogens and toxins. The present study aims to analyze selected morphological and functional parameters in three differentially adapted Indian earthworms of nonsimilar habitats. Coelomocytes of Glyphidrilus tuberosus (Stephenson, 1916) (semiaquatic), Perionyx excavatus (Perrier, 1872) (epigeic), and Eutyphoeus orientalis (Beddard, 1883) (endogeic) were isolated for morphological and morphometric analyses and subjected to determination of phagocytic, oxidative, and cytotoxic responses. Activities of phenoloxidase, pro, and antioxidant enzymes, and autofluorescence were determined in the extruded coelomocytes of earthworms of three contrasting habitats. The differential result may be correlated with species‐specific responses and variation in habitat preference and related adaptation.
Reproducibility of 3 T APT‐CEST in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Brain Glioma
Authors: Wamelink Ivar J.H.G. , Kuijer Joost P.A. , Padrela Beatriz E. , Zhang Yi , Barkhof Frederik , Mutsaerts Henk J.M.M. , Petr Jan , van de Giessen Elsmarieke , Keil Vera C. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundAmide proton transfer (APT) imaging is a chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) technique offering potential clinical applications such as diagnosis, characterization, and treatment planning and monitoring in glioma patients. While APT‐CEST has demonstrated high potential, reproducibility remains underexplored.PurposeTo investigate whether cerebral APT‐CEST with clinically feasible scan time is reproducible in healthy tissue and glioma for clinical use at 3 T.Study TypeProspective, longitudinal.SubjectsTwenty‐one healthy volunteers (11 females; mean age ± SD: 39 ± 11 years) and 6 glioma patients (3 females; 50 ± 17 years: 4 glioblastomas, 1 oligodendroglioma, 1 radiologically suspected low‐grade glioma).Field Strength/Sequence3 T, Turbo Spin Echo ‐ ampling perfection with application optimized contrasts using different flip angle evolution ‐ chemical exchange saturation transfer (TSE SPACE‐CEST).AssessmentAPT‐CEST measurement reproducibility was assessed within‐session (glioma patients, scan session 1; healthy volunteers scan sessions 1, 2, and 3), between‐sessions (healthy volunteers scan sessions 1 and 2), and between‐days (healthy volunteers, scan sessions 1 and 3). The mean APTCEST values and standard deviation of the within‐subject difference (SDdiff) were calculated in whole tumor enclosed by regions of interest (ROIs) in patients, and eight ROIs in healthy volunteers—whole‐brain, cortical gray matter, putamen, thalami, orbitofrontal gyri, occipital lobes, central brain—and compared.Statistical TestsBrown‐Forsythe tests and variance component analysis (VCA) were used to assess the reproducibility of ROIs for the three time intervals. Significance was set at P < 0.003 after Bonferroni correction.ResultsIntratumoral mean APTCEST was significantly higher than APTCEST in healthy‐appearing tissue in patients (0.5 ± 0.46%). The average within‐session, between‐sessions, and between‐days SDdiff of healthy control brains was 0.2% and did not differ significantly with each other (0.76 > P > 0.22). The within‐session SDdiff of whole‐brain was 0.2% in both healthy volunteers and patients, and 0.21% in the segmented tumor. VCA showed that within‐session factors were the most important (60%) for scanning variance.Data ConclusionCerebral APT‐CEST imaging may show good scan–rescan reproducibility in healthy tissue and tumors with clinically feasible scan times at 3 T. Short‐term measurement effects may be the dominant components for reproducibility.Level of Evidence2Technical EfficacyStage 2