bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jasmonate-based warfare between the pathogenic intruder and host plant: who wins?
Authors: Li Rui , Yang Yongfang , Lou Hao , Wang Weicheng , Yan Jianbin , Shan Xiaoyi , Xie Daoxin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPlants and microbial pathogens often engage in a fierce war that determines their survival. Host plants have evolved sophisticated regulatory mechanisms to fine-tune defense responses to counter attacks from pathogens, while pathogens often hijack the lipid-derived phytohormone jasmonate to cause hormonal signaling imbalances for efficient infection. This review focuses on the jasmonate-based warfare between host plants and pathogenic intruders, and further discusses approaches to uncouple plant growth and defense tradeoffs in crop breeding.
A refined dynamical mass for the black hole in the X-ray transient XTE J1859+226
Authors: Yanes-Rizo I V , Torres M A P , Casares J , Motta S E , Muñoz-Darias T , Rodríguez-Gil P , Armas Padilla M , Jiménez-Ibarra F , Jonker P G , Corral-Santana J M , Fender R 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We present two contiguous nights of simultaneous time-resolved Gran Telescopio Canarias spectroscopy and William Herschel Telescope photometry of the black hole X-ray transient XTE J1859+226, obtained in 2017 July during quiescence. Cross-correlation of the individual spectra against a late K-type spectral template enabled us to constrain the orbital period to 0.276 ± 0.003 d and the radial velocity semi-amplitude of the donor star to K2 = 550 ± 59 km s−1. An ellipsoidal modulation is detected in the photometric r- and i-band light curves, although it is strongly contaminated by flickering activity. By exploiting correlations between the properties of the double-peaked H α emission-line profile and the binary parameters, we derived an orbital inclination of 66.6 ± 4.3 deg, a refined K2 = 562 ± 40 km s−1 and mass ratio q = M2/M1 = 0.07 ± 0.01. From these values, we obtained an updated black hole mass of M1 = 7.8 ± 1.9 M⊙. An independent mass estimate based on X-ray timing agrees well with our value, which gives further support for the outburst quasi-periodic oscillation triplet being explained by the relativistic precession model. We also obtained a companion star mass M2 = 0.55 ± 0.16 M⊙, which is consistent with its K5-K7 V spectral type.
Is binning always sinning? The impact of time-averaging for exoplanet phase curves
Authors: Morello Giuseppe , Dyrek Achrène , Changeat Quentin 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We explore how finite integration time or temporal binning can affect the analysis of exoplanet phase curves. We provide analytical formulae to account for this effect or, if neglected, to estimate the potential biases in the retrieved parameters. As expected, due to their smoother variations over longer time-scales, phase curves can be binned more heavily than transits without causing severe biases. In the simplest case of a sinusoidal phase curve with period P, the integration time Δt reduces its amplitude by the scaling factor sinc(πΔt/P), without altering its phase or shape. We also provide formulae to predict reasonable parameter error bars from phase-curve observations. Our findings are tested with both synthetic and real data sets, including unmodelled astrophysical signals and/or instrumental systematic effects. Tests with the Spitzer data show that binning can affect the best-fitting parameters beyond predictions, due to the correction of high-frequency correlated noise. Finally, we summarize key guidelines for speeding up the analysis of exoplanet phase curves without introducing significant biases in the retrieved parameters.
Efficacy and safety of the anti-TNF multivalent NANOBODY® compound ozoralizumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and an inadequate response to methotrexate: A 52-week result of a Phase II/III study (OHZORA trial)
Authors: Tanaka Yoshiya , Kawanishi Masafumi , Nakanishi Megumi , Yamasaki Hironori , Takeuchi Tsutomu 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
To assess the efficacy and safety through a 52-week treatment with subcutaneous ozoralizumab at 30 or 80 mg in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis despite methotrexate therapy.

Methods
This multicentre, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group confirmatory trial included a 24-week double-blind treatment period followed by a 28-week open-label treatment period. The double-blind treatment period randomized 381 (2:2:1) patients to placebo and ozoralizumab at 30 or 80 mg, and patients receiving placebo were re-randomized (1:1) to ozoralizumab at 30 or 80 mg in the open-label period.

Results
The ozoralizumab groups showed good clinical improvement, with high American College of Rheumatology response rates at 52 weeks, as well as good improvements in other endpoints, which were observed from Day 3 and maintained through Week 52. Furthermore, the ozoralizumab groups showed a high remission rate in clinical and functional remission at Week 52. Serious adverse events occurred in a total of 23 patients in the ozoralizumab groups, without differences in incidence between doses.

Conclusions
Ozoralizumab demonstrated significant therapeutic effects and efficacy, which was maintained for 52 weeks. The safety profile was consistent with the evaluated results in interim analysis at Week 24, and ozoralizumab was well-tolerated up to Week 52.
Vitamin D status-associated postoperative complications in patients with hip dysplasia after periacetabular osteotomy: A case–control study
Authors: Kitade Kazuki , Mawatari Taro , Baba Shoji , Sueda Reima , Hagio Satoshi , Kawahara Shinya , Ikemura Satoshi , Nakashima Yasuharu 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
This study aimed to clarify the relationship between vitamin D status and complications after periacetabular osteotomy.

Methods
A total of 46 hips of 39 patients (3 men and 36 women; mean age at surgery, 41.0 years; mean postoperative follow-up duration, 63 months) were reviewed to obtain the following information: patients’ serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status, prevalence of postoperative delayed union of osteotomy sites in the greater trochanter (DUGT) and ischiopubic stress fractures (IPSFs), and risk factors.

Results
The mean serum 25(OH)D level was 11.9 ng/ml. DUGT and IPSF were found in four (10.3%) and three (7.7%) patients, respectively. Serum 25(OH)D levels ≤ 11 ng/ml were significantly associated with DUGT in female patients (p = .02). Serum 25(OH)D levels ≤ 9 ng/ml and smoking were significantly associated with IPSF (p = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively). Overall, 21.7% of patients with serum 25(OH)D levels ≤ 11 ng/ml developed at least one complication; no complications occurred when serum 25(OH)D levels were &gt;11 ng/ml.

Conclusion
Severe vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent in relatively young patients. Vitamin D deficiency and smoking were independent risk factors for postoperative complications. Proactive supplementation is advisable to reduce postoperative complications, especially in patients with serum 25(OH)D levels ≤ 11 ng/ml.
Carbon fixation pathways across the bacterial and archaeal tree of life
Authors: Garritano Alessandro N , Song Weizhi , Thomas Torsten 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCarbon fixation is a critical process for our planet; however, its distribution across the bacterial and archaeal domains of life has not been comprehensively studied. Here, we performed an analysis of 52,515 metagenome-assembled genomes and discover carbon fixation pathways in 1,007 bacteria and archaea. We reveal the genomic potential for carbon fixation through the reverse tricarboxylic acid cycle in previously unrecognized archaeal and bacterial phyla (i.e. Thermoplasmatota and Elusimicrobiota) and show that the 3-hydroxypropionate bi-cycle is not, as previously thought, restricted to the phylum Chloroflexota. The data also substantially expand the phylogenetic breadth for autotrophy through the dicarboxylate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle and the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle. Finally, the genomic potential for carbon fixation through the 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle, previously exclusively found in Archaea, was also detected in the Bacteria. Carbon fixation thus appears to be much more widespread than previously known, and this study lays the foundation to better understand the role of archaea and bacteria in global primary production and how they contribute to microbial carbon sinks.
State of the Field of Plant Pathogen Diagnostic Assay Development and Validation
Authors: Sharma Poonam , Luster Douglas G. 
Published: October 2022

Diagnostic assays for plant pathogens are a critical component in the surveillance, detection, and management of disease in the production of food, feed, and fiber. Producers, crop consultants, and state and federal officials depend on rapid and accurate diagnostics for response, disease mitigation, crop management, and regulatory decisions affecting trade and export prices. Diagnostic assays undergoing development must be validated to understand how well the assay will perform on given sample matrices, in different user hands, and under varying laboratory conditions before deployment and application in diagnostic clinics and distribution as commercially available assays. The validation of diagnostic assays is a time-consuming, expensive, multitiered process, requiring pathogen and near neighbor reference materials, barcode and/or genome sequence data, and cross-laboratory partnerships. Regulatory agencies and diagnostic clinics do not often have fully validated assays to deploy during an outbreak of a novel pathogen. Our survey of recent publications describing the development of diagnostics for plant pathogens found that those detailing an appropriate and robust diagnostic assay validation process were few in number. The results point out the need for broad application of standards and rigor in the conception, development, and execution of diagnostic assay validation. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Vindoline ameliorates intestinal barrier damage in Crohn's disease mice through MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Xiaofeng , Zuo Lugen , Geng Zhijun , Song Xue , Li Jing , Ge Sitang , Jiang Yifan , Yang Zi , Liu Guangyong , Zhao Yajing , Zhao Hao , Yu Liang , Hu Jianguo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntestinal inflammation and intestinal barrier damage are important pathological changes in Crohn's disease (CD). Vindoline is a natural monomer with anti‐inflammatory effects. We employed CD model mice to explore the effect of Vindoline on CD‐like colitis and the possible mechanism. Il‐10‐deficient (Il‐10−/−) mice and wild‐type (WT) mice (both aged 15 weeks, male) were used to explore the effect of Vindoline on colitis and intestinal barrier damage, as well as macrophage‐mediated inflammation. Bone‐marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) and colonic organoids from mice were used to explore the inhibitory effect of Vindoline on macrophage‐mediated inflammation and the protective effect on inflammation‐induced intestinal barrier damage as well as the possible mechanism. We found that Vindoline significantly ameliorated colitis in CD mice, as evidenced by increased weight change and colon length and decreased the colon macroscopic injury score, histological inflammatory score, and the expression of pro‐inflammatory mediators. Vindoline also protected against intestinal barrier damage in CD mice. Furthermore, Vindoline inhibited macrophage‐mediated inflammation and protected against inflammation‐induced intestinal barrier damage in the coculture system. In addition, Vindoline ameliorated colitis in CD mice by protecting against inflammation‐induced intestinal barrier damage, which may be caused by inhibition of MAPK signaling pathway. This protective effect suggests that Vindoline has potential value for clinical application in the treatment of CD.
Long-term Use of Wearable Health Technology by Chronic Pain Patients
Authors: Han John J. , Graham Jove H. , Snyder Dawn I. , Alfieri Thomas 
Published: October 2022

Objectives:
People living with chronic pain may use wearable health technology (WHT) in conjunction with an expert-directed pain management program for up to 1 year. WHT use may be associated with improvements in key patient outcomes.

Methods:
A 12-month study of WHT use among people with chronic pain was conducted, consisting of iPhone and Apple Watch applications to measure movement, sleep, and self-reported pain. Clinical outcomes among 105 patients enrolled in a multidisciplinary pain program that included WHT use were compared with 146 patients in the same program but without WHT, and to 161 patients receiving medical pain management without WHT.

Results:
Participants used the WHT on average 143.0 (SD: 117.6) out of 365 days. Mixed-effects models revealed participants who used WHT had decreases in depression scores (−7.83, P<0.01) and prescribed morphine milligram equivalents (−21.55, P=0.04) over 1 year. Control groups also showed decreases in depression scores (−5.08, P=0.01; −5.68, P<0.01) and morphine milligram equivalents (−18.67, P=0.01; −10.99, ns). The estimated slope of change among the WHT was not statistically different than control groups.

Discussion:
Patients who used WHT as part of their pain management program demonstrated a willingness to do so for extended periods of time despite living with chronic pain and other comorbidities. Data trends suggest that WHT use may positively impact depression and prescribed medication. Additional research is warranted to investigate the potential of WHT to improve the negative consequences of chronic pain.
SARS-CoV-2: Has artificial intelligence stood the test of time
Authors: Sajid Mir Ibrahim , Ahmed Shaheer , Waqar Usama , Tariq Javeria , Chundrigarh Mohsin , Balouch Samira Shabbir , Abaidullah Sajid 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has proven time and time again to be a game-changer innovation in every walk of life, including medicine. Introduced by Dr. Gunn in 1976 to accurately diagnose acute abdominal pain and list potential differentials, AI has since come a long way. In particular, AI has been aiding in radiological diagnoses with good sensitivity and specificity by using machine learning algorithms. With the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, AI has proven to be more than just a tool to facilitate healthcare workers in decision making and limiting physician-patient contact during the pandemic. It has guided governments and key policymakers in formulating and implementing laws, such as lockdowns and travel restrictions, to curb the spread of this viral disease. This has been made possible by the use of social media to map severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 hotspots, laying the basis of the “smart lockdown” strategy that has been adopted globally. However, these benefits might be accompanied with concerns regarding privacy and unconsented surveillance, necessitating authorities to develop sincere and ethical government–public relations.
Disseminated Mucocutaneous Histoplasmosis Diagnosed in the United Kingdom, Presumably as a Result of Recrudescence Decades After Primary Infection Following Immunosuppressive Treatment of Its Mimic, Sarcoidosis: A Multidisciplinary Cautionary Tale
Authors: Earp Eleanor , Gordon Patricia M. , Tan Adrian , Page Iain , Thum Chee K. , Mackenzie Andrew I. , Johnson Elizabeth , Biswas Asok 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Histoplasmosis is a dimorphic fungal infection, which is rare outside endemic pockets in North, Central, and South America, Asia, and Africa. Herein, we describe a woman in her 80s living in the Scottish Borders region of the United Kingdom with a recent diagnosis of granulomatous rosacea, who on receiving escalating immunosuppression for suspected sarcoidosis, and long-standing rheumatoid arthritis developed a striking eruption involving her eyelids along with painful ulceration of the oral and nasal mucosa. Histopathologic examination of the skin and mucosal lesions demonstrated granulomatous inflammation with numerous yeast forms of fungal organisms with morphological characteristics of Histoplasma species. This was confirmed to be H. capsulatum on fungal culture and direct panfungal polymerase chain reaction assay. Although the patient had not left the United Kingdom for more than 20 years, she gave a travel history involving multiple trips to countries where histoplasmosis is known to occur, before that. This case exemplifies the challenges involved in making a diagnosis of histoplasmosis in nonendemic regions for both clinicians and pathologists alike. In this particular patient, the diagnostic difficulties were compounded by the clinicopathological overlap with other cutaneous and systemic granulomatous disorders like granulomatous rosacea and suspected sarcoidosis and also the exceptionally long latency period between the purported historical primary infection and recent recrudescence. We highlight this unusual case to increase an awareness of histoplasmosis, which is very rare in nonendemic regions like the United Kingdom and involves cases acquired during residence in or travel to endemic areas, to ensure its prompt recognition and treatment.
Use of Cytokeratin 17 in the Differentiation Between Desmoplastic Trichilemmoma and Cutaneous Basal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chaudet Kristine M. , Stagner Anna M. , Nazarian Rosalynn M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Desmoplastic trichilemmoma (DTL) is a variant of trichilemmoma characterized by a prominent desmoplastic stroma that may mimic invasive carcinoma. These lesions typically show features of a conventional trichilemmoma at the periphery, surrounding dense hyalinized stroma with entrapped cords of tumor cells. On a small or superficial biopsy, DTL may pose a diagnostic challenge in distinguishing this benign adnexal neoplasm from invasive carcinoma, particularly basal cell carcinoma (BCC). We aimed to investigate whether the immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratin 17 (CK17) would be useful in the differentiation between DTL and BCC. CK17 is expressed in normal adnexal structures and has been shown to demonstrate strong staining in BCCs. Expression of CK17 was examined in 23 cases of DTL and 23 BCCs. An immunoreactivity score was assigned using the percentage of tumor cells staining with scoring as follows: 0, complete negativity; 1, < 15% tumor cells staining; 2, 15%–84% tumor cells staining; and 3, >85% staining. All cases of BCC scored as 3, whereas 18% of DTL scored as 3. The mean percent staining for CK17 was significantly higher for BCCs (97% of tumor cells) than DTLs (57% of tumor cells); P < 0.001 in the unpaired t test. The pattern of CK17 staining may also help differentiate between cases scoring 3. All BCCs showed strong diffuse staining throughout, whereas for those cases of DTL with a score of 3, the peripheral basaloid rim in the tumor lobules did not stain. CK17 is a useful adjunct in distinguishing DTL from BCC in small or superficial biopsy specimens.
IL-17 Expression in the Perifollicular Fibrosis in Biopsies From Lichen Planopilaris
Authors: Miteva Mariya , Nadji Mehrdad , Billero Victoria , LaSenna Charlotte , Nattkemper Leigh , Romanelli Paolo 
Published: October 2022

Background:Lichen planopilaris (LPP) is a primary lymphocytic cicatricial alopecia for which therapy is often ineffective and there is no cure.Objectives:Looking for a new targetable molecule in the treatment of LPP, we sought to verify whether IL-17 expression is increased in scalp biopsies from patients with active scalp lesions of LPP.Methods:Horizontal sections of hematoxylin and eosin–stained slides from 40 scalp biopsies of active LPP were retrospectively collected and stained with the monoclonal antibody against IL-17 (Abcam, Cambridge, MA; ab79056, dilution 1:100). Twenty biopsies from patients with chronic telogen effluvium served as controls because of their morphological resemblance to the normal scalp. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY).Results:The main finding was the positive cytoplasmic expression of IL-17 in the perifollicular fibrosis of the affected follicles in LPP which was statistically significant compared with the controls (P< 0.0001). The labeled cells were identified as fibroblasts based on their spindle shape and fascicular concentric arrangement in tight perifollicular distribution. Although most of the LPP specimens (n = 35; 87.5%) also revealed cytoplasmic IL-17 expression in the lichenoid inflammatory infiltrate, the results were not statistically significant (P= 0.1351).Conclusion:Our immunohistochemistry results show that blocking the IL-17 inflammatory pathway may interfere with the progression of the perifollicular fibrosis and inflammation in LPP.
Monkeypox Virus Outbreak 2022: Key Epidemiologic, Clinical, Diagnostic, and Prevention Considerations
Authors: Kwong Jeffrey , McNabb Katherine C. , Voss Joachim G. , Bergman Alanna , McGee Kara , Farley Jason 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Monkeypox is a zoonotic infection that manifests as dermatologic lesions that may be painful or pruritic and can appear on the face, trunk, extremities, genitals, and mucosal surfaces. In 2022, cases of monkeypox increased exponentially and it was declared a public health emergency by the World Health Organization and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Unlike previous monkeypox outbreaks, the current situation has disproportionately affected men who have sex with men and seems to be associated with lower mortality. Options for treatment and prevention are limited. The distribution and availability of vaccines and antivirals has posed challenges for patients, clinicians, and public health systems. Early recognition and management of persons with monkeypox is critical in controlling the spread of this infection. This article reviews key features of monkeypox and highlights current recommendations for clinical management, prevention, and considerations for persons with HIV. Implications for public health and nursing are discussed.
Labia Minora Transplantation With Local Flap for Reconstruction of Full-Thickness Defect of the Lower Eyelid
Authors: Kasai Shogo , Katsuren Kyoko , Kuba Ryogo , Asato Reiko 
Published: October 2022

Large lower eyelid full-thickness defects require reconstruction before closure. Although several methods for replantation of the posterior lamella are reported, there are advantages and disadvantages. Herein, the authors report reconstruction of the posterior lamella of the lower eyelid by labia minora transplantation. A 70-year-old woman developed basal cell carcinoma of the right lower eyelid. Excision of the tumor resulted in a full-thickness defect of 25 mm in width on the central portion of the lower eyelid. The posterior lamella was reconstructed by labia minora transplantation, whereas the anterior lamella was reconstructed using the angular flap. There were no perioperative problems, and 2 years after the operation, the esthetic appearance and function was favorable. The labia minora mucosa has almost no donor trouble functionally and has both hardness and elasticity. Although there are some disadvantages, labia minora transplantation would be useful for posterior lamella reconstruction of the lower eyelid.