bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Fano Resonance Effects in Graphene-Grating Composite Structures
Authors: Cui Danying , Liu Jin , Yang Haima 
Published: September 2022

In order to optimize the sensitivity and detection accuracy of Fano resonance optical sensors, a sensing model of graphene-grating composite micro-nanostructure with high sensing performance is proposed based on the optical properties of graphene and grating. By studying the reflection spectra and field distribution characteristics of the structure, the sensing mechanism of Fano resonance generated by the structure is elaborated, and the parameters affecting the Fano resonance sensing performance are analyzed to enhance the Fano resonance sensing performance by optimizing the structural parameters, and the Fano resonance reflection spectral curve with high-sensitivity and high-quality factor (FOM) value is obtained. The results show that when the grating period

P
=
300

nm, the grating height T1 = 110 nm, and the silver film thickness T2 = 30 nm, the sensitivity of the structure is 980 nm/RIU and the quality factor FOM is 770RIU−1 by changing the refractive index of the material to be measured.
p53 Inhibits Bmi-1-driven Self-Renewal and Defines Salivary Gland Cancer Stemness
Authors: Rodriguez-Ramirez Christie , Zhang Zhaocheng , Warner Kristy A. , Herzog Alexandra E. , Mantesso Andrea , Zhang Zhixiong , Yoon Eusik , Wang Shaomeng , Wicha Max S. , Nör Jacques E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a poorly understood salivary gland malignancy with limited therapeutic options. Cancer stem cells (CSC) are considered drivers of cancer progression by mediating tumor recurrence and metastasis. We have shown that clinically relevant small molecule inhibitors of MDM2–p53 interaction activate p53 signaling and reduce the fraction of CSC in MEC. Here we examined the functional role of p53 in the plasticity and self-renewal of MEC CSC.

Experimental Design:
Using gene silencing and therapeutic activation of p53, we analyzed the cell-cycle profiles and apoptosis levels of CSCs in MEC cell lines (UM-HMC-1, -3A, -3B) via flow cytometry and looked at the effects on survival/self-renewal of the CSCs through sphere assays. We evaluated the effect of p53 on tumor development (N = 51) and disease recurrence (N = 17) using in vivo subcutaneous and orthotopic murine models of MEC. Recurrence was followed for 250 days after tumor resection.

Results:
Although p53 activation does not induce MEC CSC apoptosis, it reduces stemness properties such as self-renewal by regulating Bmi-1 expression and driving CSC towards differentiation. In contrast, downregulation of p53 causes expansion of the CSC population while promoting tumor growth. Remarkably, therapeutic activation of p53 prevented CSC-mediated tumor recurrence in preclinical trials.

Conclusions:
Collectively, these results demonstrate that p53 defines the stemness of MEC and suggest that therapeutic activation of p53 might have clinical utility in patients with salivary gland MEC.
Tumor Cell–Autonomous SHP2 Contributes to Immune Suppression in Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Chen Hao , Cresswell Gregory M. , Libring Sarah , Ayers Mitchell G. , Miao Jinmin , Zhang Zhong-Yin , Solorio Luis , Ratliff Timothy L. , Wendt Michael K. 
Published: September 2022

SH2 containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2) is recognized as a druggable oncogenic phosphatase that is expressed in both tumor cells and immune cells. How tumor cell–autonomous SHP2 contributes to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and therapeutic failure of immune checkpoint blockades in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is not fully understood. Herein, we utilized systemic SHP2 inhibition and inducible genetic depletion of SHP2 to investigate immune reprogramming during SHP2 targeting. Pharmacologic inhibition of SHP2 sensitized MBC cells growing in the lung to α-programmed death ligand 1 (α-PD-L1) antibody treatment via relieving T-cell exhaustion induced by checkpoint blockade. Tumor cell–specific depletion of SHP2 similarly reduced pulmonary metastasis and also relieved exhaustion markers on CD8+ and CD4+ cells. Both systemic SHP2 inhibition and tumor cell–autonomous SHP2 depletion reduced tumor-infiltrated CD4+ T cells and M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages. Analysis of TCGA datasets revealed that phosphorylation of SHP2 is important for immune-cell infiltration, T-cell activation and antigen presentation. To investigate this mechanistically, we conducted in vitro T-cell killing assays, which demonstrated that pretreatment of tumor cells with FGF2 and PDGF reduced the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells in a SHP2-dependent manner. Both growth factor receptor signaling and three-dimensional culture conditions transcriptionally induced PD-L1 via SHP2. Finally, SHP2 inhibition reduced MAPK signaling and enhanced STAT1 signaling, preventing growth factor–mediated suppression of MHC class I. Overall, our findings support the conclusion that tumor cell–autonomous SHP2 is a key signaling node utilized by MBC cells to engage immune-suppressive mechanisms in response to diverse signaling inputs from TME.Significance:Findings present inhibition of SHP2 as a therapeutic option to limit breast cancer metastasis by promoting antitumor immunity.
STAG2 Expression is Associated with Adverse Survival Outcomes and Regulates Cell Phenotype in Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Athans Sarah R. , Krishnan Nithya , Ramakrishnan Swathi , Cortes Gomez Eduardo , Lage-Vickers Sofía , Rak Monika , Kazmierczak Zara I. , Ohm Joyce Ellen , Attwood Kristopher , Wang Jianmin , Woloszynska Anna 
Published: September 2022

Stromal antigen 2 (STAG2), in healthy somatic cells, functions in sister chromatid cohesion, DNA damage repair, and genome organization, but its role in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) remains unknown. Here, using whole-exome and targeted sequencing (n = 119 bladder cancer clinical samples), we found several STAG2 mutations in MIBC that correlate with loss of protein expression. The analysis of a bladder cancer tissue microarray (n = 346) revealed that decreased STAG2 protein expression is associated with improved overall and progression-free survival for patients with MIBC. In mouse xenograft studies, STAG2 knockdown (KD) decelerated MIBC tumor growth, whereas STAG2 overexpression accelerated tumor growth. In cell line studies, STAG2 loss augmented treatment with cisplatin, a first-line therapy for MIBC. STAG2 KD or overexpression did not alter degree of aneuploidy, copy-number variations, or cell-cycle distribution. However, unbiased RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that STAG2 KD altered gene expression. STAG2 KD led to significant downregulation of several gene sets, such as collagen containing extracellular matrix, external encapsulating structure organization, and regulation of chemotaxis. Therefore, we investigated the effect of STAG2 KD on cell migration and invasion in vitro. We found that STAG2 KD minimized cell speed, displacement, and invasion. Altogether, our results present a noncanonical function of STAG2 in promoting cell motility and invasion of MIBC cells. This work forms the basis for additional investigation into the role of STAG2 in transcriptional regulation and how it becomes dysregulated in STAG2-mutant MIBC.Significance:The cohesin component STAG2 regulates cell motility and invasion. STAG2 expression is associated with decreased MIBC survival and may be a useful biomarker to guide bladder cancer treatment.
Financial Toxicities Persist for Cancer Survivors Irrespective of Current Cancer Status: An Analysis of Medical Expenditure Panel Survey
Authors: Karim Mohammad A. , Talluri Rajesh , Shastri Surendra S. , Kum Hye-Chung , Shete Sanjay 
Published: September 2022

This study estimates the out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures for different cancer types among survivors with current versus no current cancer condition and across sex, which is understudied in the literature. This is a cross-sectional study of Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data for 2009–2018 where the primary outcome was the average per year OOP expenditure incurred by cancer survivors. Of 189,285 respondents, 15,010 (7.93%) were cancer survivors; among them, 46.28% had a current cancer condition. Average per year OOP expenditure for female survivors with a current condition of breast cancer ($1,730), lung cancer ($1,679), colon cancer ($1,595), melanoma ($1,783), non–Hodgkin lymphoma ($1,656), nonmelanoma/other skin cancer (NMSC, $2,118) and two or more cancers ($2,310) were significantly higher than that of women with no history of cancer ($853, all P &lt; 0.05). Similarly, average per year OOP expenditure for male survivors with a current condition of prostate cancer ($1,457), lung cancer ($1,131), colon cancer ($1,471), melanoma ($1,474), non–Hodgkin lymphoma ($1,653), NMSC ($1,789), and bladder cancer ($2,157) were significantly higher compared with the men with no history of cancer ($621, all P &lt; 0.05). These differences persisted in survivors with no current cancer condition for breast cancer among women; prostate, lung, colon, and bladder cancer among men; and melanoma, NMSC, and two or more cancers among both sexes. OOP expenditure varied across cancer types and by sex for survivors with and without a current cancer condition. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions for cancer survivors.Significance:Our study found that OOP expenditures among survivors with a current cancer condition for several cancers were significantly higher than that of individuals without a cancer history. These differences persisted in female with breast cancer; male with prostate, lung, colon, and bladder cancer; and survivors of both sexes with melanoma, and NMSC/other skin cancer, even after there was no current cancer condition.
STAIR und STAIR/NT zur Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungssymptomatik: Ein systematischer Übersichtsartikel
Authors: Lorbeer Noemi , Knaevelsrud Christine , Niemeyer Helen 
Published: September 2022

Hintergrund: Aktuelle Leitlinien empfehlen phasenbasierte Behandlungsansätze wie das Skills-Training zur Affektiven und Interpersonellen Regulation mit Narrativer Therapie (STAIR/NT) zur Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung nach komplexer Traumatisierung. Bislang ist jedoch keine systematische Übersicht zur Wirksamkeit der ersten Therapiephase STAIR und von STAIR/NT verfügbar. Methode: In einer systematischen Literaturrecherche wurden in verschiedenen Datenbanken Interventionsstudien mit und ohne Kontrollbedingung zu STAIR, STAIR/NT und deren Adaptationen gesucht. Ergebnisse: Insgesamt erfüllten k = 10 Studien zu STAIR/-Adaptationen (davon 5 mit Kontrollbedingung) und k = 5 Studien zu STAIR/NT/-Adaptationen (davon 4 mit Kontrollbedingung) die Einschlusskriterien. In 7 Studien zu STAIR/-Adaptationen und 4 Studien zu STAIR/NT/-Adaptationen wurden Risikogruppen für eine komplexe Traumatisierung untersucht. In den Studien zu STAIR/- und STAIR/NT/-Adaptationen zeigte sich eine Reduktion der posttraumatischen Belastungssymptomatik, affektiven Dysregulation und interpersonellen Problematik. Im Vergleich zu passiven und aktiven Kontrollbedingungen waren STAIR/- und STAIR/NT/-Adaptationen gleichermaßen wirksam oder wirksamer. Diskussion: Die Befundlage zur Wirksamkeit von STAIR/- und STAIR/NT/-Adaptationen ist heterogen. Bislang ist die Evidenz durch eine geringe Anzahl an Wirksamkeitsstudien, diverse Adaptationen, oftmals unkontrollierte Studiendesigns, subklinische Stichproben sowie kleine Stichprobengrößen limitiert. Künftige Studien sollten die Wirksamkeit von STAIR/NT bei Patient*innen mit einer komplexen Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung untersuchen.
Cabildo ciudadano sobre eutanasia: participación social en salud y formación ciudadana
Authors: Pinzón-Segura María Camila , Roth-Deubel André Noël , Mosquera-Pedreros Natalia , Méndez Daniela , Cajamarca Luisa , Aragón-Joya Yefry Andrés 
Published: September 2022

(analítico)El artículo describe la implementación del cabildo ciudadano sobre eutanasia en niños, niñas y adolescentes en Colombia. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo exploratorio, de tipo investigación-acción-participativa. En la primera fase se conformaron tres paneles: formador, implicados y ciudadanos, y se llevaron a cabo dos etapas de deliberación: formativa y pública. En la fase de análisis de contenido (orientada por preguntas dirigidas a los ciudadanos), se caracterizó al minipúblico involucrado. Se destaca como hallazgos centrales la transformación de la opinión de las y los ciudadanos participantes, así como de sus capacidades deliberativas, lo que permitió dar cuenta de la efectividad de la metodología para facilitar que las y los ciudadanos formulen recomendaciones consensuadas en temas complejos y contribuyan en procesos de formación en democracia y participación social en salud.
Palabras clave: Formación política ciudadana; derechos del niño; eutanasia; participación social.
Ultrastructural analysis of the antennae of Hemilucilia segmentaria (Diptera: Calliphoridae), a blowfly of forensic importance
Authors: Alvarez-Garcia Deivys Moises , Sierra-Juez María Paula , Sakamoto Dimas Kenji , Nihei Silvio Shigueo 
Published: September 2022

Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius, 1805) is a Neotropical blowfly species of forensic importance, with necrophagous and asynanthropic habits. In this study, the antennal ultrastructure of H. segmentaria was examined using scanning electron microscopy. The three antennal segments are covered by microtrichia. Sensilla chaetica were detected only on the scape and pedicel. Setiferous plaques and a pedicellar button were observed on the pedicel. Four types of sensilla were found on the postpedicel, including s. trichoidea, s. basiconica (subtype I, II and III), s. coeloconica subtype I, and sensory pits with s. coeloconica subtype II. This is the first time that the fine structure of the antennae of H. segmentaria was studied. Our results constitute a solid base for research on comparative and functional morphology in H. segmentaria and other blowflies.
Actions, Imagined Communities and the Question of Power
Authors: Rueda Garrido Daniel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
If human action cannot be understood separately from subjectivity, as the phenomenological tradition has shown, with this article I seek to explore the relationship between subjectivity and community, in what can be taken as an intersubjective consciousness constituted by the phenomenological totality of a particular way of being human -an anthropical image-. Thus, if such consciousness is intersubjective, it is precisely because it implies the same way of being and acting in others. This way of being and acting is the expression of a certain power, not only that of persisting in the actualisation of this anthropical image, but also that of incarnating it in progressive degrees of perfection. This power, therefore, although it is to a greater degree in those subjects who incarnate it more perfectly, whom we can call elites, it is also to an essential degree in the other co-subjects. Acting in a certain way implies a meaning and an interest, both of which are particularly vested in the community’s elites.
TaPYL4, an ABA receptor gene of wheat, positively regulates plant drought adaptation through modulating the osmotic stress-associated processes
Authors: Zhang Yanyang , Zhao Yingjia , Li Tianjiao , Ni Chenyang , Han Le , Du Pingping , Xiao Kai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Abscisic acid receptors (ABR) involve transduction of the ABA signaling in plants, impacting largely on stress-defensive physiological processes and plant osmotic stress response. In this study, we characterized TaPYL4, a gene of ABR family in T. aestivum, in mediating plant drought tolerance given scarcity of functional characterization on wheat ABR members thus far.

Results
TaPYL4 harbors nine conserved domains shared by its PYL counterparts, targeting onto plasma membrane and nucleus after endoplasmic reticulum assortment. TaPYL4 interacts with TaPP2C2 whereas the latter with TaSnRK2.1, which establish a core module of the ABA signaling pathway. TaPYL4 expression was upregulated in root and aerial tissues upon drought stress. Overexpressing TaPYL4 conferred plants improved growth traits whereas knockdown expression of target gene alleviated growth feature compared with wild type under drought treatment. The TaPYL4-enhanced drought adaptation associates gene function in positively regulating stomata movement, osmolyte biosynthesis, and root system architecture (RSA) establishment. Expression analysis on the P5CS family genes involving proline biosynthesis indicated that TaP5CS1 exerts critical roles in promoting osmolytes accumulation in drought-challenged TaPYL4 lines. TaPIN9, a PIN-FORMED gene modulating cellular auxin translocation, was validated to function as a crucial mediator in defining RSA establishment underlying TaPYL4 regulation. Transcriptome analysis revealed that TaPYL4 controls transcription of numerous genes, which impact on physiological processes associated with ‘biological process’, ‘molecular component’, and ‘cellular process’. Moreover, the differentially expressed genes mediated by TaPYL4 were closely related to stress defensive pathways.

Conclusions
Our investigation suggested that TaPYL4 acts as a positive regulator in plant drought tolerance and a valuable target for engineering drought-tolerant cultivars in T. aestivum.
Genome-wide analysis of serine carboxypeptidase-like protein (SCPL) family and functional validation of Gh_SCPL42 unchromosome conferring cotton Verticillium der Verticillium wilt stress in Gossypium hirsutum
Authors: Wang Yuxiang , Zhao Jieyin , Deng Xiaojuan , Wang Peng , Geng Shiwei , Gao Wenju , Guo Peipei , Chen Quanjia , Li Chunping , Qu Yanying 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Serine carboxypeptidase-like protein (SCPL) plays an important role in response to stress in plant. However, our knowledge of the function of the SCPL gene family is limited.

Results
In this study, a comprehensive and systematic analysis of SCPL gene family was conducted to explore the phylogeny and evolution of the SCPL gene in Gossypium hirsutum. The phenotype and molecular mechanism of silencing of the Gh_SCPL42 under Verticillium wilt stress was also studied. Our results showed that 96 SCPL genes were observed in genome of G. hirsutum, which distributed on 25 chromosomes and most of them were located in the nucleus. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that members of SCPL gene family can be divided into three subgroups in G. hirsutum, which are relatively conservative in evolution. SCPL gene has a wide range of tissue expression types in G. hirsutum. Promoter analysis showed that the most cis-acting elements related to MeJA and ABA were contained. Through RNA-seq combined with genotyping, it was found that 11 GhSCPL genes not only had significant expression changes during Verticillium wilt stress but also had differential SNPs in the upstream, downstream, exonic or intronic regions. The expression of these 11 genes in the resistant (Zhongzhimian 2) and susceptible (Junmian 1) materials was further analyzed by qRT-PCR, it was found that 6 genes showed significant expression differences in the two materials. Among them, Gh_SCPL42 has the most obvious expression change. Furthermore, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) showed necrosis and yellowing of leaves and significantly higher disease severity index (DSI) and disease severity rate (DSR) values in VIGS plants than in control silenced Gh_SCPL42 plants. Moreover, the expression levels of genes related to the SA and JA pathways were significantly downregulated. These results show that Gh_SCPL42 might improve resistance to Verticillium wilt through the SA and JA pathways in G. hirsutum.

Conclusion
In conclusion, our findings indicated that Gh_SCPL42 gene plays an important role in resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton. It was provided an important theoretical basis for further research on the function of SCPL gene family and the molecular mechanism of resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton.
Effect of postoperative ultrasound-guided internal superior laryngeal nerve block on sore throat after intubation of double-lumen bronchial tube: a randomized controlled double-blind trial
Authors: Wang Jingxian , Chai Bin , Zhang Yujie , Zheng Lidong , Geng Pengcheng , Zhan Li 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Postoperative sore throat (POST) is one of the main adverse postoperative outcome after tracheal intubation using double-lumen endobronchial tubes (DLTs). The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of ultrasound (US)-guided block of the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (iSLN) for alleviating POST after intubation of DLTs.

Methods
Patients undergoing thoracic surgery between August 2019 and August 2021 were randomized into two groups depending on whether they received US-guided iSLN block immediately after the operation. In the control group, the patients underwent a thoracic surgery under general anesthesia (GA) with DLTs without any special treatment, while the patients in the experimental group received US-guided iSLN block bilaterally with 2 ml of 0.25% ropivacaine on either side immediately after the operation. The primary outcome was the grading of sore throat at three-time points after the operation, i.e., immediate extubation, 2 h after extubation, and 24 h after extubation. Secondary outcomes included the rate of nausea and vomiting, hoarseness, dyspnea, and choking cough after swallowing saliva at 2 h after extubation.

Results
The incidence and severity of sore throat were significantly lower in the experimental group than the control group at all time intervals (all P < 0.01). The rate of nausea and vomiting, hoarseness, dyspnea, and choking cough after swallow saliva at 2 h after extubation had no statistical difference (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions
The use of US-guided iSLN block can be effectively and safely applied to relieve POST after intubation of DLTs on thoracic surgery.

Trial registration
The study protocol was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn, NO. ChiCTR2000032188, 22/04/2020).
N6-methyladenosine RNA modification (m6A) is of prognostic value in HPV-dependent vulvar squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Condic Mateja , Thiesler Thore , Staerk Christian , Klümper Niklas , Ellinger Jörg , Egger Eva K. , Kübler Kirsten , Kristiansen Glen , Mustea Alexander , Ralser Damian J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) is an uncommon gynecologic malignancy but with an increasing incidence in recent years. Etiologically, VSCC is classified into two subtypes: HPV-dependent and HPV-independent. Localized VSCC is treated surgically and/or with radiation therapy, but for advanced, metastatic or recurrent disease, therapeutic options are still limited.
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent post-transcriptional messenger RNA (mRNA) modification and involved in many physiological processes. The group of m6A proteins can be further divided into: ‚writers’ (METTL3, METTL4, METTL14, WTAP, KIAA1429), ‚erasers’ (FTO, ALKBH5), and ‚readers’ (HNRNPA2B1, HNRNPC, YTHDC1, YTHDF1-3). Dysregulated m6A modification is implicated in carcinogenesis, progression, metastatic spread, and drug resistance across various cancer entities. Up to date, however, only little is known regarding the role of m6A in VSCC.

Methods
Here, we comprehensively investigated protein expression levels of a diverse set of m6A writers, readers and erasers by applying immunohistochemical staining in 126 patients with primary VSCC.

Results
In the entire study cohort, dominated by HPV-independent tumors, m6A protein expression was not associated with clinical outcome. However, we identified enhanced protein expression levels of the ‚writers’ METTL3, METTL14 and the ‚reader’ YTHDC1 as poor prognostic markers in the 23 patients with HPV-dependent VSCC.

Conclusion
Our study suggests dysregulated m6A modification in HPV-associated VSCC.