bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing prediction models for short-term mortality after surgery for colorectal cancer using a Danish national quality assurance database
Authors: Bräuner Karoline Bendix , Rosen Andreas W. , Tsouchnika Adamantia , Walbech Julie S. , Gögenur Mikail , Lin Viviane A. , Clausen Johan S. R. , Gögenur Ismail 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The majority of colorectal cancer surgeries are performed electively, and treatment is often decided at the multidisciplinary team conference. Although the average 30-day mortality rate is low, there is substantial population heterogeneity from young, healthy patients to frail, elderly patients. The individual risk of surgery can vary widely, and tailoring treatment for colorectal cancer may lead to better outcomes. This requires risk prediction that is accurate and available prior to surgery.
Methods
Data from the Danish Colorectal Cancer Group database was transformed into the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model. Models were developed to predict the risk of mortality within 30, 90, and 180 days after colorectal cancer surgery using only preoperative covariates. Several machine-learning models were trained, but due to superior performance, a Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator Logistic Regression was used for the final model. Performance was assessed with discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic and precision recall curve) and calibration measures (calibration-in-the-large, intercept, slope, and Brier score).
Results
The cohort contained 65.612 patients operated for colorectal cancer in the period from 2001 to 2019 in Denmark. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator model showed an area under the receiver operating characteristic for 30-, 90- and 180-day mortality after colorectal cancer surgery of 0.871 (95% CI: 0.86–0.882), 0.874 (95% CI: 0.864–0.882) and 0.876 (95% CI: 0.867–0.883) and calibration-in-the-large of 1.01, 0.98 and 1.01 respectively.
Conclusion
The postoperative short-term mortality prediction model showed excellent discrimination and calibration using only preoperative predictors.
Factors impacting new bone formation in transcrestal sinus floor elevation followed by implant placement: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Lin Zhe-Zhen , Xu Dong-Qian , Wang Yong , Gao Xue , Cai Qi , Ding Xi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate factors related to NBF following simultaneous implant placement with transcrestal sinus floor elevation (TSFE).Materials and methodsBetween 2008 and 2020, 357 implants (276 patients) were placed with TSFE. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed at the preoperative, postoperative, restoration, and follow-up stages. Marginal bone loss, new bone formation (NBF) during healing, and the survival rate were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsImplant protrusion lengths (3–5 mm) significantly influenced NBF during the healing period (P-value = 0.026, Odds Ratio = 1.15, 95% confidence interval = 1.02–1.30). Bone grafting was correlated with NBF (P-value = 0.001). The distance between the implant and lateral wall of the sinus (mesial: P-value = 0.041, distal: P-value = 0.019, buccal: P-value = 0.032, lingual: P-value = 0.043) and angle between the implant and sinus floor significantly influenced NBF in four directions (mesial: P-value = 0.041, distal: P-value = 0.02, buccal: P-value = 0.047, lingual: P-value = 0.005). Implant shape (cylindrical or conical), perforations, smoking, and diabetes did not significantly affect NBF during the healing period (P > 0.05).ConclusionIncreasing the distance and angle between the implant and lateral wall of the sinus floor corresponded with lesser NBF. Implant protrusion length (IPL) may be an important factor that should be considered.Clinical Relevance: Our study analyzed new bone formation following transcrestal sinus floor elevation among patients who underwent this procedure with simultaneous implant placement, several factors (including angle and distance between sinus and lateral wall and implant protrusion length) were included in our study.
Lateralization of the song nucleus in the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata
Authors: Xie Zhaohui , Yang Xiaoxing , Zhang Cheng , Li Shaobing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The vocal control system of songbirds has a significant laterality in song output control, and the adult zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata has a significant advantage in the right high vocal center (HVC) in song frequency domain and intensity control. We investigated the allometric relationship between song control nucleus and brain scale in zebra finches, investigated whether HVC and the robust nucleus of the archistriatum (RA) had similar differences in volume, cell density and cell number, and whether Testosterone (T) played a role in these differences. The results of Nissl staining and Immunohistochemistry show that although there is no significant difference between left and right HVC in nucleus volume, cell density and cell number (P > 0.05), the correlation parameters on the right side are always higher than those on the left side. On nucleus volume and cell number, both sides of the RA have no significant different (P > 0.05), but on the cell density has a significant (P < 0.05). Testosterone receptors (TR), on both sides the HVC and RA, have no significant difference (P > 0.05). The growth rate of left and right HVC and RA is consistent with that of brain (K > 1). HVC and RA are well fitted to brain length, width and height, and the intercept is also very close. What’s more, the song nucleus always show negative growth relationship with the three-dimensional parameters of the brain. Therefore, while the living environment remains relatively constant, songbirds will continue to strictly follow the existing allometric growth pattern, and any individuals that deviate seriously from this development pattern will show more inadaptability.
Malignant gastrointestinal PEComa misdiagnosed as Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of ovary: a case report
Authors: Xu Yan , Lin Binghu , Lei Junping , Shang Song , Fu Jia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Perivascular epithelial cell malignant tumor (PEComa) is a mesenchymal tumor with the characteristics of perivascular epithelioid cells in histology and immunophenotype. It mostly occurs in kidney, uterus, liver and so on. Solid pseudopapillary is a tumor that commonly originates in the pancreas. Solid pseudopapillary of ovary is similar to PEComa in histology and is easily misdiagnosed in clinic. This paper reports a case of malignant gastrointestinal PEComa misdiagnosed as solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of ovary. Case summary: A 35-year-old female patient came to our hospital with intermittent right lower abdominal pain for more than 1 month. After the completion of relevant examinations, the possibility of sigmoid colon tumor infiltration in the right adnexa was considered before surgery. On February 12, 2018, the tumor was surgically removed, the pathological examination showed that there was solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the ovary. The patient received four cycles of chemotherapy with paclitaxel and platinum after surgery. The patient recovered well after operation, and there were no complications. Two years later, a pulmonary nodule was found in the reexamination, and the pulmonary lesions were surgically removed. Immunotherapy (Tislelizumab) and targeted therapy (Apatinib) are then given. After consulting several laboratories and testing institutions, the final diagnosis was (sigmoid colon) Malignant gastrointestinal PEComa involves (right) ovary and (right upper lung) lung metastasis. The patient died a month ago from complications. Discussion: Clinicians must understand PEComa in order to achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment.
Implementation of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program in the Vascular Surgery Ward of a university tertiary care hospital in Pavia, Northern Italy
Authors: Vecchia Marco , Colaneri Marta , Sacchi Paolo , Marvulli Lea Nadia , Salvaderi Andrea , Lanza Jessica , Boschini Stefano , Ragni Franco , Marone Piero , Cutti Sara , Muzzi Alba , Marena Carlo , Calvi Monica , Scudeller Luigia , Marone Enrico Maria , Bruno Raffaele 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background.
Given the unquestionable issue of antimicrobial resistance and the importance of instituting antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs), the commitment of multidisciplinary teams in achieving these interventions is often inadequately considered, especially in surgical wards, where antibiotic misuse is a well-recognized phenomenon.
Methods.
A quasi-experimental quality-improvement study was applied in the Vascular Surgery ward of Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, a tertiary care hospital in Pavia, Italy, with the aim to evaluate clinical, microbiological, and pharmacological outcomes before and after the implementation of an ASP. The antimicrobial stewardship activity was conducted twice a week for twelve months. It consisted of either a pro-active systematic revision of all the ongoing antimicrobial prescriptions by the infectious diseases (ID) consultant and education and training of the healthcare workers of the Vascular Surgery ward in antimicrobial stewardship and infection control. For comparison between the study periods, Student t test (Mann-Whitney test for skewed distributions) was used for quantitative variables (ANOVA or Kruskall-Wallis for > 2 groups respectively), and Pearson’s chi-squared test (Fisher exact test where appropriate) for categorical variables. In all cases, 2-tailed tests were used. P-value significance cut-off was 0.05.
Results.
During the 12-month period following the start of the ASP, 186 ID consultations were performed, mostly aimed at de-escalating an ongoing antimicrobial therapy (39, 20.97%). A statistically significant reduction in isolates of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (p-value 0.003) and no Clostridioides difficile infections were reported. No statistically significant changes were observed in terms of length of stay and all-cause in-hospital mortality. A significant decrease in the administration of carbapenems (mean DDDs from 4.53 to 1.51, p-value 0.01), daptomycin (mean DDDs from 2.64 to 0.05, p-value < 0.01) and linezolid (mean DDDs from 0.49 to 0.26, p-value 0.43) was registered. During the intervention period, a significant reduction in antimicrobial costs was observed.
Conclusions.
The implementation of a 12-month ASP brought significant clinical and economic results in the Vascular Surgery ward of our hospital, highlighting the benefits of a multidisciplinary teamwork.
Prevalence and genetic variants of G6PD deficiency among malaria suspected patients in Shele and Lante Health Center, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Negash Meshesha T. , Golassa Lemu , Feleke Sindew M. , Lo Eugenia , Nega Desalegn , Kepple Daniel , Witherspoon Logan , Tasew Geremew , Shenkutie Tassew T. , Adamu Aderaw , Gidey Bokretsion , Hailu Hiwot A. , Degu Sileshi , Kassie Enirsie , Mekonen Bacha , Yimer Mengistu , Dugassa Sisay 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme is a cytoplasmic enzyme for all human cells, involves in the pentose phosphate pathway of metabolic reaction. It protects red blood cells from cellular oxidative damage by detoxifying free radicals. Primaquine can cause acute hemolytic anemia while administered for the treatment of malaria patients with G6PD deficiency. It is the first-line drug against the pre-erythrocyte stage of P. vivax and the gametocyte stage of P. falciparum. The study aims to determine the G6PD deficiency among malaria-suspected patients.
Method
A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted for a total of 858 self-presented malaria suspected patients in Shele and Lante health centers. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the socio-demographic and clinical information of the study participants. Blood samples were collected for onsite G6PD activity measurement, DBS preparation, and malaria microscopy. The G6PD enzyme activity was measured by the CareSTART G6PD biosensor analyzer. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20.
Results
Among 858 study participants, 49.3% (423) were males. The median age and interquartile range were 26 and 21 years respectively. The median of the G6PD enzyme level was 5.9, and the interquartile range of the G6PD enzyme level was 4.2 respectively. Of the study participants, 14.3%, 9.3%, and 4.1% were infected with P. falciparum, P. vivax, and mixed parasites respectively. The phenotypic G6PD deficiency rate was 4.8% (41/858).The common G6PD mutations identified in the study population were A376G (0.35%), G267 + 119C/T (1.05%), and G1116A (0.35%). Additional mutations such as A376T (A◊T) and G1116T (G◊T) were identified for the first time in Ethiopia.
Conclusion
The prevalence rate of G6PD deficiency was modest. However, the clinicians have to consider hemolysis risk during primaquine treatment in the study area. G267 + 119C/T was the most frequent variant, although A376G and G1116A were also identified.
Effect of Macro-Synthetic Fibers on the Flexural Strength of Self-Compacting Concrete Beams
Authors: Guda Hemalatha , C. Sashidhar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The inclusion of fibers in Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a prominent technique to attain concrete of superior mechanical properties. The effect of fibers on the flexural strength of SCC beams requires further supportive research. This study is carried out to comprehend the behaviour of the SCC flexural behaviour of beams. The beams were cast with SCC in which macro synthetic fibers (MSF) at doses of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% were included. Natural river sand has been supplemented with Manufactured sand (M-sand). Cement employed in the study was only 65% of the required cementitious material and 35% of cement content was replaced with pozzolanic materials such as fly ash (FA), silica fume (SF), and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). Various dosages of mineral admixtures were adopted; FA was invariably utilized in all the mixes.Fibers are known to intervene in the flow properties of SCC. Only the mixes which exhibited satisfactory flow characteristics were adopted in the casting of the specimens. Six categories of mixes, with various combinations of mineral admixtures, were adopted. In each category, four varieties of specimens with different fiber contents (0%, 0.5%, 1% and 1.5%) were included. The flexural strengths of MSF-SCC beams with various dosages of fibers were compared with those of SCC with no fiber content. From the results, it has been concluded that the addition of MSF results in the enhancement of the flexural strength of SCC beam.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder : what are the relationships with Gaming Disorder Symptoms and the motivations to play?
Authors: Chauchard Emeline , Simon Amélie , Boudoukha Abdel-Halim , Galan Clémentine , Rouzo Stevens , Penthier Lou , Moreau Axelle 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives: This study aim to evaluate the relationship between ADHD and Gaming Disorder symptoms (GDs) in an adult sample, taking inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity dimensions into account. Secondly, this study explores the motivations for playing among gamers with a potential diagnosis of ADHD compared to non-ADHD gamers.Method: 178 participants from the general population completed an online survey. They completed the Game Addiction Scale (GAS), Game Play Motivations (GPM) and the WHO Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS).Results: 57 participants (32%) had a probable diagnosis of ADHD, 55.1% (n = 98) had GD, including 40 with comorbid ADHD (40.8%). The inattention and impulsivity dimensions of ADHD predicted GDs. In the ADHD sample, the game mechanics and escapism motivations predicted GDs.Conclusions: ADHD and GD are strongly related in our sample, and escapism predict GDs in both the ADHD and non-ADHD samples. Implications for prevention, psychotherapy and future directions are discussed.
Phylogeographic population diversity of Bipolaris sorokiniana causing spot blotch disease in wheat and barley
Authors: Sharma Pradeep , Mishra Shefali , Singroha Garima , Selvakumar Rajan , Singh Sanjay Kumar , Singh Gyanendra Pratap 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe spot blotch disease caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is economically important fungal pathogen infecting wheat, barley and other crops. The disease is most prevalent in humid, warm wheat-growing regions and the Eastern Gangetic Plains of South Asia serving as a hotspot. very scanty and fragmentary information is available on its genetic variability, demography, and divergence period. The current study is the first detailed report to compare the phylogeographic patterns of B. sorokiniana isolates collected from different wheat and barley growing regions worldwide, with the goal of elucidating the demographic history and divergence time estimates. ResultsIn this study, we used multi-locus sequence (ITS, GAPDH and TEF-α1 genes) analysis to investigate the phylogeographic pattern of distribution and evolution of the 254 isolates of B. sorokiniana infecting wheat and barley . The degrees of differentiation among B. sorokiniana sequences from eighteen countries reflect the presence of a worldwide population that is broad and geographically undifferentiated. The analysis yielded fourty haplotypes. The ancestral haplotype was determined to be the dominant haplotype H_1 followed by H_29 and H_27, in which H_1 occupies a central position in the median-joining network and is shared by multiple populations from different continents. The phylogeographic patterns of multigene analysis of species as well as the preponderance of a single haplotype, suggest that human-mediated dispersal may have had a significant role in shaping the population of this pathogen.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the presence of one haplotype at a very high frequency and low genetic differentiation in B. sorokiniana suggests that the durability of resistance in host plants against pathogens could be improved by exchange of elite resistance lines from different countries. For the current distribution of species, divergence time analysis suggests that haplogroups began at the Plio/Pleistocene boundary.
Acute toxicity of titanium dioxide (MTiO2 ) microparticles in Artemia salina nauplii instar I and II
Authors: Pinheiro Sergimar Kennedy de Paiva , Lima Ana Kamila Medeiros , Miguel Thaiz Batista Azevedo Rangel , Pireda Saulo , Fechine Pierre Basílio Almeida , Filho Antonio Gomes Souza , Miguel Emilio de Castro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, the toxicity effects of titanium dioxide (MTiO2) microparticles on A. salina nauplii instar I and II between 24 and 48 h was evaluated. The MTiO2 were characterized by X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Zeta potential (ζ), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). MTiO2 rutile phase with an average crystallite size of 114.5 ± 2.44 nm was used in toxicity tests at concentration of 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 ppm. No toxicity was observed in A. salina nauplii instar I at the time of 24 and 48 h. However, A. salina nauplii instar II toxicity was observed within 48 h of exposure. MTiO2 dispersed with concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 ppm were lethal for 30%, 50% and 30% of the individuals respectively, thus showing a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) relative to the control group, artificial sea water (ASW). The mortality number of A. salina was recorded and LC50 value of 50 ppm was calculated. Analysis of optical and SEM revealed tissue damage and morphological changes in A. salina nauplii instar II. By using confocal laser scanning microscopy, cell damage was observed due to the toxicity of MTiO2 at a concentration of 20, 50 and 100 ppm in nauplii instar II. At this stage, A. salina was more affected by the action of MTiO2 with higher mortality rate, morphological alterations and cellular damage.
An effective method studies the β5 subunit activity of immunoproteasome in vitro
Authors: Lv Hengjuan , Yue Hui , FU DAN 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The immunoproteasome has been found to connect multiple diseases, such as multiple myeloma and autoimmune disorders, and these antagonists of immunoproteasomes urgently need to be developed into drugs to relieve the suffering of patients. We summarized previous experiences and finally provided a simple and sensitive approach to detect β5i (the β5 subunit of the immunoproteasome) activity for research or industrial purposes. The results show that the published IC50 of ONX-0914 or bortezomib is repeatable with our assay. We also detected β5i activity in different cell lines, and the IC50 is acceptable and stable to be verified by many tests. It is worth noting that the combination of digitonin and a lower concentration of NP-40 will maintain higher immunoproteasome activity and completely lyse the cell membrane. Meanwhile, a lower concentration of DMSO is required to improve the kinetic process and reach the maximum rate of reaction. Compared to the β5c assay, the β5i commercial kit is limited to being selected. We prefer to make a highly efficient kit for the β5i assay to meet the academic or clinical needs of researchers, and it could be extensively used due to the cheaper cost and stability in the application.
Assessment of histopathological parameters and survival difference in EBV-positive and EBV-negative prostate carcinoma
Authors: Ahmed Khalid , Sheikh Alisalman , Fatima Saira , Haider Ghulam , Abbas Farhat , Ghias Kulsoom , Mughal Nouman , Abidi Syed Hani 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Several studies have shown an association between prostate carcinoma (PCa) and certain viral infections, such as HPV, EBV, CMV, etc. Despite the evidence about the presence of the EBV in PCa tissues, it is unknown if the presence of EBV is associated with any distinct histopathological characteristics and/or survival advantages/disadvantages in patients with PCa. In this study, therefore, we analyzed the LMP-1 expression, and histopathological characteristics of EBV-positive and -negative PCa tissues, followed by the survival analysis in patients from the two groups.Material & Methods: LMP-1 expression was determined using immunohistochemistry in the EBV PCR-positive FFPE PCa samples. Subsequently, two key parameters for the characterization of PCa, i.e., Gleason scores and perineural invasion (PNI), along with intratumoral lymphocytes and stromal lymphocytic infiltration was studied in the EBV-positive and -negative PCa tissues. Lastly, the survival benefit analysis of EBV-positive and EBV-negative PCa patients was performed.Results: EBV LMP1 protein expression was found in 70.96% of EBV PCR-positive PCa tissues. Histopathological analysis showed significantly higher (p<0.05) mean major and total Gleason scores, and perineural invasion (80%) in EBV-positive as compared with the EBV-negative PCa samples. We also found a higher percentage of intratumoral and tumor-stromal lymphocytic infiltration in EBV-positive PC samples as compared to EBV-negative PCa samples. Overall, the survival proportion was similar in both EBV-positive and EBV-negative groups. However, a small difference in survival benefit emerged in the 38th month, where the mean percent survival was higher in EBV-positive PCa (41.6%) patients as compared to EBV-negative PCa patients (19.96%).Conclusion: In conclusion, the presence of EBV in the PCa tissues may lead to aggressive forms of cancer. Further studies with a larger sample size are required to strengthen the link between EBV, PCa prognosis, and survival.