bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changing trends in the microvascular reconstruction and oral rehabilitation following maxillary cancer
Authors: Rogers Simon N. , Adatia Ashni , Hackett Stephanie , Boscarino Angela , Patel Anika , Lowe Derek , Butterworth Christopher J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The maxillectomy defect is complex and the best means to achieve optimal reconstruction, and dental rehabilitation is a source of debate. The refinements in zygomatic implant techniques have altered the means and speed by which rehabilitation can be achieved and has also influenced the choice regarding ideal flap reconstruction. The aim of this study is to report on how the method of reconstruction and oral rehabilitation of the maxilla has changed since 1994 in our Institution, and to reflect on case mix and survival.

Methods
Consecutive head and neck oncology cases involving maxillary resections over a 27-year period between January 1994 and November 2020 were identified from hospital records and previous studies. Case note review focussed on clinical characteristics, reconstruction, prosthetic rehabilitation, and survival.

Results
There were 186 patients and the tumour sites were: alveolus for 56% (104), hard palate for 19% (35), maxillary sinus for 18% (34) and nasal for 7% (13). 52% (97) were Brown class 2 defects. Forty-five patients were managed by obturation and 78% (142/183) had free tissue transfer. The main flaps used were radial (52), anterolateral thigh (27), DCIA (22), scapula (13) and fibula (11). There were significant changes over time regarding reconstruction type, use of primary implants, type of dental restoration, and length of hospital stay. Overall survival after 24 months was 64% (SE 4%) and after 60 months was 42% (SE 4%).

Conclusion
These data reflect a shift in the reconstruction of the maxillary defect afforded by the utilisation of zygomatic implants.
Tau positron emission tomography, cerebrospinal fluid and plasma biomarkers of neurodegeneration, and neurocognitive testing: an exploratory study of participants with myotonic dystrophy type 1
Authors: Laforce Robert Jr , Dallaire-Théroux Caroline , Racine Annie M. , Dent Gersham , Salinas-Valenzuela Cristian , Poulin Elizabeth , Cayer Anne-Marie , Bédard-Tremblay Daphnée , Rouleau-Bonenfant Thierry , St-Onge Frédéric , Schraen-Maschke Susanna , Beauregard Jean-Mathieu , Sergeant Nicolas , Puymirat Jack 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective
To investigate Tau pathology using multimodal biomarkers of neurodegeneration and neurocognition in participants with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1).

Methods
We recruited twelve participants with DM1 and, for comparison, two participants with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Participants underwent cognitive screening and social cognition testing using the Dépistage Cognitif de Québec (DCQ), among other tests. Biomarkers included Tau PET with [18F]-AV-1451, CSF (Aβ, Tau, phospho-Tau), and plasma (Aβ, Tau, Nf-L, GFAP) studies.

Results
Of the twelve DM1 participants, seven completed the full protocol (Neurocognition 11/12; PET 7/12, CSF 9/12, plasma 12/12). Three DM1 participants were cognitively impaired (CI). On average, CI DM1 participants had lower scores on the DCQ compared to cognitively unimpaired (CU) DM1 participants (75.5/100 vs. 91.4/100) and were older (54 vs. 44 years old) but did not differ in years of education (11.3 vs. 11.1). The majority (6/7) of DM1 participants had no appreciable PET signal. Only one of the CI participants presented with elevated Tau PET SUVR in bilateral medial temporal lobes. This participant was the eldest and most cognitively impaired, and had the lowest CSF Aβ 1-42 and the highest CSF Tau levels, all suggestive of co-existing AD. CSF Tau and phospho-Tau levels were higher in the 3 CI compared to CU DM1 participants, but with a mean value lower than that typically observed in AD. Nf-L and GFAP were elevated in most DM1 participants (9/11 and 8/11, respectively). Finally, CSF phospho-Tau was significantly correlated with plasma Nf-L concentrations.

Conclusions and relevance
We observed heterogenous cognitive and biomarker profiles in individuals with DM1. While some participants presented with abnormal PET and/or CSF Tau, these patterns were highly variable and only present in a small subset. Although DM1 may indeed represent a non-AD Tauopathy, the Tau-PET tracer used in this study was unable to detect an in vivo Tau DM1 signature in this small cohort. Interestingly, most DM1 participants presented with elevated plasma Nf-L and GFAP levels, suggestive of other, possibly related, central brain alterations which motivate further research. This pioneering study provides novel insights towards the potential relationship between biomarkers and neurocognitive deficits commonly seen in DM1.
Properties of the epileptiform activity in the cingulate cortex of a mouse model of LIS1 dysfunction
Authors: Domínguez-Sala E. , Andreu-Cervera A. , Martín-Climent P. , Murcia-Ramón R. , Martínez S. , Geijo-Barrientos Emilio 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDysfunction of the LIS1 gene causes lissencephaly, a drastic neurological disorder characterized by a deep disruption of the cortical structure. We aim to uncover alterations of the cortical neuronal networks related with the propagation of epileptiform activity in the Lis1/sLis1 mouse, a model lacking the LisH domain in heterozygosis. We did extracellular field-potential and intracellular recordings in brain slices of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) or the retrosplenial cortex (RSC) to study epileptiform activity evoked in the presence of bicuculline (10 µM), a blocker of GABAA receptors. The sensitivity to bicuculline of the generation of epileptiform discharges was similar in wild type (WT) and Lis1/sLis1 cortex (EC50 1.99 and 2.24 µM, respectively). In the Lis1/sLis1 cortex, we observed a decreased frequency of the oscillatory post-discharges of the epileptiform events; also, the propagation of epileptiform events along layer 2/3 was slower in the Lis1/sLis1 cortex (WT 47.69 ± 2.16 mm/s, n = 25; Lis1/sLis1 37.34 ± 2.43 mm/s, n = 15; p = 0.004). The intrinsic electrophysiological properties of layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons were similar in WT and Lis1/sLis1 cortex, but the frequency of the spontaneous EPSCs was lower and their peak amplitude higher in Lis1/sLis1 pyramidal neurons. Finally, the propagation of epileptiform activity was differently affected by AMPA receptor blockers: CNQX had a larger effect in both ACC and RSC while GYKI53655 had a larger effect only in the ACC in the WT and Lis1/sLis1 cortex. All these changes indicate that the dysfunction of the LIS1 gene causes abnormalities in the properties of epileptiform discharges and in their propagation along the layer 2/3 in the anterior cingulate cortex and in the restrosplenial cortex.
Mutations in the heparan sulfate backbone elongating enzymes EXT1 and EXT2 have no major effect on endothelial glycocalyx and the glomerular filtration barrier
Authors: Khalil Ramzi , Boels Margien G. S. ,   PALGA Group, Bezuijen A. , Boers J. E. , de Bruin P. C. , van Dijk M. A. A. M. , Drillenburg P. , Hamel A. F. , Hazelbag H. M. , Jonges G. N. , Kibbelaar R. E. , Lam K. H. , van der Linden H. , van Marsdijk J. , Meijer C. , Nagtegaal I. D. , Oudejans J. J. , Roelofs J. J. T. H. , Rozendaal L. , Sastrowijoto S. H. , Smits M. M. , Stavast J. , van den Berg Bernard M. , Bruijn Jan A. , Rabelink Ton J. , Hogendoorn Pancras C. W. , Baelde Hans J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this study, the effect of heterozygous germline mutations in the heparan sulfate (HS) glycosaminoglycan chain co-polymerases EXT1 and EXT2 on glomerular barrier function and the endothelial glycocalyx in humans is investigated. Heparan sulfate (HS) glycosaminoglycans are deemed essential to the glomerular filtration barrier, including the glomerular endothelial glycocalyx. Animal studies have shown that loss of HS results in a thinner glycocalyx. Also, decreased glomerular HS expression is observed in various proteinuric renal diseases in humans. A case report of a patient with an EXT1 mutation indicated that this could result in a specific renal phenotype. This patient suffered from multiple osteochondromas, an autosomal dominant disease caused by mono-allelic germline mutations in the EXT1 or EXT2 gene. These studies imply that HS is indeed essential to the glomerular filtration barrier. However, loss of HS did not lead to proteinuria in various animal models. We demonstrate that multiple osteochondroma patients do not have more microalbuminuria or altered glycocalyx properties compared to age-matched controls (n = 19). A search for all Dutch patients registered with both osteochondroma and kidney biopsy (n = 39) showed that an EXT1 or EXT2 mutation does not necessarily lead to specific glomerular morphological phenotypic changes. In conclusion, this study shows that a heterozygous mutation in the HS backbone elongating enzymes EXT1 and EXT2 in humans does not result in (micro)albuminuria, a specific renal phenotype or changes to the endothelial glycocalyx, adding to the growing knowledge on the role of EXT1 and EXT2 genes in pathophysiology.
Whole-crown 13C-pulse labelling in a sub-arctic woodland to target canopy-specific carbon fluxes
Authors: Friggens Nina L. , Hartley Iain P. , Grant Helen K. , Parker Thomas C. , Subke Jens-Arne , Wookey Philip A. 
Published: February 2022

Key message
Whole-crown 13C-pulse labelling can target tree canopy C fluxes in regions with dense understorey cover and investigate how increased photosynthetic C inputs may affect whole-ecosystem C fluxes.

Abstract
Climate change-driven increases in plant productivity have been observed at high northern latitudes. These trends are driven, in part, by the increasing abundance of tall shrub and tree species in arctic ecosystems, and the advance of treelines. Higher plant productivity may alter carbon (C) allocation and, hence, ecosystem C cycling and soil C sequestration. It is important to understand the contributions that the newly established canopy forming overstorey species makes to C cycling in these ecosystems. However, the presence of a dense understorey cover makes this challenging, with established partitioning approaches causing disturbance and potentially introducing measurement artefacts. Here, we develop an in situ whole-crown 13C-pulse labelling technique to isolate canopy C fluxes in areas of dense understorey cover. The crowns of five mountain birch (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) trees were provided with a 13CO2 pulse using portable field equipment, and leaf samples were collected from neighbouring con-specific trees and hetero-specific understorey shrubs on days 1–10 and 377 post-crown labelling. We found effective and long-term enrichment of foliage in labelled trees, but no evidence of the 13C-signal in con- or hetero-specific neighbouring trees or woody shrubs. This method is promising and provides a valuable tool to isolate the role of canopy tree species in ecosystems with dense understorey cover.
Physics-based Residual Kriging for dynamically evolving functional random fields
Authors: Peli Riccardo , Menafoglio Alessandra , Cervino Marianna , Dovera Laura , Secchi Piercesare 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe present a novel approach named Physics-based Residual Kriging for the statistical prediction of spatially dependent functional data. It incorporates a physical model—expressed by a partial differential equation—within a Universal Kriging setting through a geostatistical modelization of the residuals with respect to the physical model. The approach is extended to deal with sequential problems, where samples of functional data become available along consecutive time intervals, in a context where the physical and stochastic processes generating them evolve, as time intervals succeed one another. An incremental modeling is used to account for both these dynamics and the misfit between previous predictions and actual observations. We apply Physics-based Residual Kriging to forecast production rates of wells operating in a mature reservoir according to a given drilling schedule. We evaluate the predictive errors of the method in two different case studies. The first deals with a single-phase reservoir where production is supported by fluid injection, while the second considers again a single-phase reservoir but the production is driven by rock compaction.
Low-dose CBCT imaging of alveolar buccal bone adjacent to mandibular anterior teeth— a pilot study
Authors: Ruetters Maurice , Gehrig Holger , Kronsteiner Dorothea , Doll Sara , Kim Ti-Sun , Lux Christopher J. , Sen Sinan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Accurate description of buccal bone adjacent to mandibular anterior teeth is helpful for planning and monitoring periodontal and orthodontic treatment. Low-dose cone beam computed tomography (LD-CBCT) imaging has shown promising results for very small dental structures in animals. This study asserts that LD-CBCT is sufficiently accurate to measure buccal alveolar bone adjacent to human mandibular anterior teeth.

Materials and methods
Buccal bone level adjacent to 16 mandibular anterior teeth from four human cadavers was measured radiographically using one high-dose (HD) CBCT protocol and two LD-CBCT protocols. The resulting radiographic measurements of buccal bone height (bl) and thickness (bt) were compared with reference probe and reflected-light microscopy measurements. Measurement medians and Bland–Altman plots were calculated, and a linear mixed model was used to compare raters and imaging modalities.

Results
All regression coefficients were approximately 0, indicating high interrater, intrarater, and intermodality agreement. No significant differences were found between reference measurements and CBCT protocols. The mean differences for bl measurements were 0.07 mm (rater 1 [r1]) and 0.12 mm (rater 2 [r2]) for HD-CBCT; 0.07 mm (r1) and 0.13 mm (r2) for LD-CBCT-1; and 0.02 mm (r1) and 0.01 mm (r2) for LD-CBCT-2. For bt measurements, mean differences were 0.02 mm (r1) and 0.02 mm (r2) for HD-CBCT; 0.01 mm (r1) and 0.01 mm (r2) for LD-CBCT-1; and 0.00 mm (r1) and 0.01 mm (r2) for LD-CBCT-2.

Conclusions
Within the limitations of the present study, LD-CBCT seems to be a precise method for describing buccal bone and its thickness adjacent to mandibular anterior teeth in this experimental setting.

Clinical relevance
For the first time, this study showed LD-CBCT produces excellent results and is a reliable modality for imaging buccal bone in vitro. If clinical studies confirm these results, LD-CBCT could enable better treatment planning and monitoring at a radiation dose that is far lower than that of conventional HD-CBCT but similar to that of panoramic views.
Efficacy of nano-hydroxyapatite on caries prevention—a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wierichs Richard Johannes , Wolf Thomas G. , Campus Guglielmo , Carvalho Thiago S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Introduction/objectives
The review systematically explored in vivo or in situ studies investigating the efficacy of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) to reduce initiation of or to remineralize initial caries lesions.

Data
Prospective controlled (non-)randomized clinical trials investigating the efficacy of a nHA compared to any other (placebo) treatment or untreated/standard control.

Sources
Three electronic databases (Central Cochrane, PubMed-MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE) were screened. Outcomes were, e.g., ICDAS score, laser fluorescence, enamel remineralization rate, mineral loss, and lesion depth. No language or time restrictions were applied. Risk of bias and level of evidence were graded using the Risk of Bias 2.0 tool and GRADE profiler.

Study selection/results
Five in vivo (and 5 in situ) studies with at least 633 teeth (1031 specimens) being assessed in more than 420 (95) patients were included. No meta-analysis could be performed for in vivo studies due to the high heterogeneity of the study designs and the variety of outcomes. In situ studies indicate that under demineralization conditions, NaF was able to hinder demineralization, whereas nHA did not; simultaneously, nHA did not differ from the fluoride-free control. In contrast, under remineralizing conditions, nHA and NaF show the same remineralizing potential. However, the level of evidence was very low. Furthermore, six studies showed a high risk of bias, and six studies were funded/published by the manufacturers of the tested products.

Conclusion
The low number of clinical studies, the relatively short follow-up periods, the high risks of bias, and the limiting grade of evidence do not allow for conclusive evidence on the efficacy of nHA.

Clinical relevance
No conclusive evidence on the efficacy of nHA could be obtained based on the low number of clinical studies, the relatively short follow-up periods, the high risks of bias, the limiting grade of evidence, and study conditions that do not reflect the everyday conditions.
Pasteurella species bloodstream infections in Queensland, Australia, 2000–2019
Authors: Laupland Kevin B. , Stewart Adam G. , Edwards Felicity , Harris Patrick , Heney Claire , George Narelle , Coulter Sonali , Paterson David L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPasteurella species are infrequent but potentially severe causes of bloodstream infection (BSI). The objective of this study was to determine the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of Pasteurella species BSI in a large Australian population. Retrospective, laboratory-based surveillance was conducted in Queensland, Australia (population ≈ 5 million) during 2000–2019, and clinical and outcome information was established by linkage to state hospital admissions and vital statistics databases. During more than 86 million person-years of surveillance, 272 incident Pasteurella species BSI occurred for an overall age- and sex-standardized annual incidence of 3.3 per million residents. The incidence of Pasteurella species BSI was highest in recent years and older individuals were at greatest risk. The median (interquartile range) Charlson Comorbidity Index was 2 (0–4) with scores of zero, 1, 2, and 3 + observed in 81 (30%), 37 (14%), 44 (16%), and 110 (40%) of cases. The 30-day all-cause case fatality was 9% (24/272) and patients who died had more comorbidities and were less likely to have community-associated disease. Although Pasteurella species are infrequent causes of BSI, older individuals and those with comorbidities are at highest risk. The burden of this disease may be expected to increase with an aging and more comorbid population.
“Near-TME”: proposed standardisation of the technique for proctectomy in male patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Garcia-Granero A. , Pellino G. , Fletcher-Sanfeliu D. , Millan M. , Primo-Romaguera V. , Garcia-Gausí M. , Fernandez M. , Gonzalez-Argente X. , Spinelli A. , Valverde-Navarro A. , Garcia-Granero E. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of the present study was to describe in detail an approach to proctectomy in ulcerative colitis (UC), which can be standardized; near-total mesorectal excision (near-TME), to prevent injuries to autonomic pelvic nerves and subsequent sexual dysfunction.

Methods
We demonstrate the technique ex vivo on a cadaver from a male patient in lithotomy position and on a sagittal section of a male pelvis. We also demonstrate the technique in vivo in two male patients diagnosed with UC, with no history of sexual dysfunction or bowel neoplasia. The study was performed at the Human Embryology and Anatomy Department. University of Valencia, Spain.

Results
The posterolateral dissection during a near-TME is similar to that of an oncologic TME, whereas the anterolateral is similar to that of a close rectal dissection. The near-TME technique preserves the superior hypogastric plexus, the hypogastric nerves, the nervi erigentes, the inferior hypogastric plexus, the pelvic plexus and the cavernous nerves.

Conclusion
The near-TME technique is the standardisation of the technique for proctectomy in male patients with ulcerative colitis. Near-TME requires experience in pelvic surgery and an exhaustive knowledge of the embryological development and of the surgical anatomy of the pelvis.
Exception Sets of Intrinsic and Piecewise Lipschitz Functions
Authors: Leobacher Gunther , Steinicke Alexander 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe consider a class of functions defined on metric spaces which generalizes the concept of piecewise Lipschitz continuous functions on an interval or on polyhedral structures. The study of such functions requires the investigation of their exception sets where the Lipschitz property fails. The newly introduced notion of permeability describes sets which are natural exceptions for Lipschitz continuity in a well-defined sense. One of the main results states that continuous functions which are intrinsically Lipschitz continuous outside a permeable set are Lipschitz continuous on the whole domain with respect to the intrinsic metric. We provide examples of permeable sets in$${{\mathbb {R}}}^d$$Rd, which include Lipschitz submanifolds.
An analytical model for pressure behavior in multilayered radially composite reservoir with formation crossflow
Authors: Viana Isabela , Bela Renan Vieira , Pesco Sinesio , Barreto Junior Abelardo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe present work proposes an analytical model to calculate the pressure response for multilayered radially composite reservoirs considering the presence of formation crossflow along with all layers. The behavior of pressure transient during production tests in radially composite multilayered reservoirs with non-communicating layers has been widely studied, however there is still a lack of studies considering communicating layers, i.e., formation crossflow in such a model. In that sense, the main purpose of this work is to develop a novel analytical solution that can be used to accurately analyze production tests conducted in multilayered radially composite reservoirs considering communicating layers and multiple regions that can have different radii. An infinite reservoir is considered and the properties for each layer, such as permeability, oil viscosity, and porosity may be different. Moreover, the mathematical formulation for this model is presented in the Laplace domain and the Stehfest Algorithm is used to convert the pressure variation into the real-time domain. The results presented in this work show a close agreement when compared to the responses provided by a commercial flow simulator based on finite differences.