bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prognostic Signature of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Constructed by Immune-Related RNA-Binding Proteins
Authors: Ming Ruijie , Li Xiangrui , Wang Enhao , Wei Jiahui , Liu Bo , Zhou Peng , Yu Wenting , Zong Shimin , Xiao Hongjun 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThis study aimed to construct a prognostic signature consisting of immune-related RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) to predict the prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) effectively.MethodsThe transcriptome and clinical data of HNSCC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. First, we ascertained the immunological differences in HNSCC, through single-sample gene set enrichment analysis, stromal and immune cells in malignant tumor tissues using expression data (ESTIMATE), and cell-type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT) deconvolution algorithm. Then we used univariate proportional hazards (Cox) regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis to screen immune-related RBPs and acquire the risk score of each sample. Subsequently, we further investigated the difference in prognosis, immune status, and tumor mutation burden in high- and low-risk groups. Finally, the efficacy of immunotherapy was measured by the tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) score.ResultsWe derived 15 immune-related RBPs, including FRMD4A, ASNS, RAB11FIP1, FAM120C, CFLAR, CTTN, PLEKHO1, SELENBP1, CHCHD2, NPM3, ATP2A3, CFDP1, IGF2BP2, NQO1, and DENND2D. There were significant differences in the prognoses of patients in the high- and low-risk groups in the training set (p &lt; 0.001) and the validation set (p &lt; 0.01). Furthermore, there were statistical differences between the high-risk group and low-risk group in immune cell infiltration and pathway and tumor mutation load (p &lt; 0.001). In the end, we found that patients in the low-risk group were more sensitive to immunotherapy (p &lt; 0.001), and then we screened 14 small-molecule chemotherapeutics with higher sensitivity to the high-risk group (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThe study constructed a prognostic signature of HNSCC, which might guide clinical immunotherapy in the future.
Bacteriological Profile and Predictors of Death Among Neonates With Blood Culture-Proven Sepsis in a National Hospital in Tanzania—A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ba-alwi Nour Abdallah , Aremu John Ogooluwa , Ntim Michael , Takam Russel , Msuya Mwanaidi Amiri , Nassor Hamid , Ji Hong 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundNeonatal sepsis is still a major cause of death and morbidity in newborns all over the world. Despite substantial developments in diagnosis, treatments, and prevention strategies, sepsis remains a common problem in clinical practice, particularly in low-resource countries.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of 238 neonates with positive blood culture-proven sepsis (in Muhimbili National Hospital) was conducted from January 2019 to December 2020. The outcomes of hospitalization were survival and death.ResultsIn total, 45.4% mortality resulted from 238 neonates who had sepsis exclusively based on blood culture positivity. A significant association was found between very low birth weight (VLBW), hyperglycemia, mechanical ventilation, and high neonatal mortality. Among the different clinical presentations of neonatal sepsis, lethargy, vomiting, and respiratory distress were found to be frequently associated with neonatal mortality. Furthermore, sepsis with Gram-negative bacteria and early-onset sepsis were also associated with high neonatal mortality. Of the 108 neonatal deaths, the largest proportion (40%) was observed with Staphylococcus aureus, and the remaining 38% was caused by Klebsiella, 14% by Escherichia coli, 5% by Pseudomonas, 4% by Acinetobacter, and 2% by Streptococcus. No neonatal deaths from Serratia infection were observed. The overall resistance of isolated organisms to the recommended first-line antibiotics was 84% for ampicillin and 71.3% for gentamicin. The resistance pattern for the recommended second-line antibiotics was 76.2% for ceftriaxone, 35.9% for vancomycin, and 17.5% for amikacin.ConclusionVLBW, early-onset sepsis, clinical and laboratory parameters like lethargy, vomiting, and hyperglycemia, sepsis with Gram-negative bacteria, and being on mechanical ventilation are strong predictors of death in neonatal sepsis. In addition, this study discovered extraordinarily high resistance to conventional antibiotics. These findings give light on the crucial aspects to consider in preventing this disease and poor outcomes.
Social Media Interventions Strengthened COVID-19 Immunization Campaign
Authors: Di Mauro Antonio , Di Mauro Federica , De Nitto Sara , Rizzo Letizia , Greco Chiara , Stefanizzi Pasquale , Tafuri Silvio , Baldassarre Maria Elisabetta , Laforgia Nicola 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundSince The Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA) has recommended the COVID-19 vaccine Comirnaty in children aged 5–11, the immunization campaign faced vaccine hesitancy in parents. Social media are emerging as leading information source that could play a significant role to counteract vaccine hesitancy, influencing parents' opinions and perceptions. Our aim was to evaluate the coverage of the COVID-19 vaccine Comirnaty in a cohort of children aged 5–11 whose families have been counseled to use Social Media to counteract vaccine hesitancy.MethodsAll parents of children aged 5–11 in a primary care setting were instructed by their pediatrician to get accurate information about the COVID-19 vaccine from a Facebook page. Active calls to vaccinate children were also scheduled through messaging services Pediatotem and Whatsapp. Vaccination rates of children in the study were assessed with an electronic database and compared to both regional and national child vaccination rates.ResultsCoverage of 277 children aged 5–11 was analyzed from 16 December 2021 to 31 January 2022. A total of 62.4% (173/277) of enrolled children received the 1st dose of COVID-19 vaccine Comirnaty and 39.7% (110/277) the 2nd dose. Coverage rates were higher compared both to the regional population (1st dose: 48.8%, 2nd dose: 24.6%; p = 0.001) and national population (1st dose: 32.1%, 2nd dose: 13.8%; p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionIncreasing vaccine confidence using Social Media interventions have a positive impact on vaccination acceptance of parents.
Pharmacokinetic Herb-Drug Interactions of Xiang-Sha-Liu-Jun-Zi-Tang and Paclitaxel in Male Sprague Dawley Rats and Its Influence on Enzyme Kinetics in Human Liver Microsomes
Authors: Kapelemera Alinafe Magret , Uang Yow-Shieng , Wang Li-Hsuan , Wu Tien-Yuan , Lee Fang-Yu , Tai Li , Wang Ching-Chiung , Lee Chia-Jung 
Published: April 2022

Paclitaxel is a prescribed anticancer drug used to treat various cancers. It is a substrate of cytochrome P-450 (CYP-450) enzymes. Despite its efficacy, paclitaxel has severe side effects. Herbal medicines are commonly used to treat the side effects of chemotherapy. They can be administered before, during, and after chemotherapy. Xiang-Sha-Liu-Jun-Zi Tang (XSLJZT) is a herbal formula commonly used in breast cancer patients. The main purpose of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetic (PK) influence of XSLJZT on paclitaxel PK parameters, determine its effect on CYP-450 enzyme expression, and evaluate its effect on enzyme activity. Sprague Dawley rats were classified into pretreatment and co-treatment groups, where XSLJZT was pre-administered for 3, 5, and 7 days and co-administered 2 h before paclitaxel administration. The rat liver tissues and Hep-G2 cells were used to determine the effects of XSLJZT on CYP3A1/2 and CYP3A4 enzymes respectively. Western blot analysis was used to detect changes in the CYP3A1/2 and CYP3A4 enzymes expression. The influence of XSLJZT on enzyme activity was evaluated using human liver microsomes, and a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric system was developed to monitor paclitaxel levels in rat plasma. Results demonstrated that XSLJZT increased the area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC) for paclitaxel in pretreatment groups by 2-, 3-, and 4-fold after 3, 5, and 7 days, respectively. In contrast, no significant change in the AUC was observed in the co-treatment group. However, the half-life was prolonged in all groups from 17.11 min to a maximum of 37.56 min. XSLJZT inhibited CYP3A1/2 expression in the rat liver tissues and CYP3A4 enzymes in Hep-G2 cells in a time-dependent manner, with the highest inhibition observed after 7 days of pretreatment in rat liver tissues. In the enzyme kinetics study, XSLJZT inhibited enzyme activity in a competitive dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, there is a potential interaction between XSLJZT and paclitaxel at different co-treatment and pretreatment time points.
Psychiatric Hospitalizations of People Found Not Criminally Responsible on Account of Mental Disorder in France: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study (2011–2020)
Authors: Fovet Thomas , Baillet Maëlle , Horn Mathilde , Chan-Chee Christine , Cottencin Olivier , Thomas Pierre , Vaiva Guillaume , D'Hondt Fabien , Amad Ali , Lamer Antoine 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundCriminal responsibility is a key concept in the criminal sanctioning of people diagnosed with mental health disorders who have committed crimes. In France, based on the recommendations of one or more expert psychiatrists, a judge can declare a person not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder (NCRMD) if, at the time of the offense, the person was presenting a psychiatric disorder that abolished or altered his/her capacity for discernment and/or ability to control his/her actions. In such a case, the judge also generally orders an involuntary psychiatric hospitalization. The objectives of this study were to (1) describe longitudinal retrospective administrative data of psychiatric hospitalizations for people found NCRMD, (2) identify the age, sex, and principal diagnoses of these individuals, and (3) characterize the trajectories of their psychiatric care before and after NCRMD psychiatric hospitalization.MethodsWe used discharge reports from the French national hospital database called Programme de médicalisation des systèmes d'information (PMSI) to gather longitudinal data that describe psychiatric hospitalizations for people found NCRMD between 2011 and 2020, the age, sex, and principal diagnoses of these patients, the length of their hospitalization, and the trajectories of their psychiatric care before and after their NCRMD psychiatric hospitalization.ResultsWe identified 3,020 patients who were hospitalized for psychiatric care after having been found NCRMD between 2011 and 2020. The number of admissions on these grounds has remained stable over this period, ranging from 263 in 2011 to 227 in 2021. They were mostly young men diagnosed with a psychotic disorder (62%). The majority (87%) were hospitalized in general psychiatric hospitals, and only 13% were admitted to maximum-security units (Unités pour malades difficiles, UMD). The median duration of hospitalization for these patients was 13 months. Our results show that 73% of the patients had already been hospitalized prior to their NRCMD hospitalization. The rehospitalization rate within 5 years of discharge from NCRMD psychiatric hospitalization was 62%.ConclusionWe conducted the first study investigating the psychiatric hospital treatment of people declared NCRMD in France. There is an urgent need for further studies to investigate the clinical characteristics of these patients.
The Myopectineal Orifice: A Study of Thai Cadavers
Authors: Tansawet Amarit , Rodsakan Thanakorn , Kasetsermwiriya Wisit , Lerdsirisopon Sopon , Techapongsatorn Suphakarn 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the myopectineal orifice size measured in Thai human cadavers.Materials and MethodsA total of 30 human cadavers, comprising 55 groins, were assessed. Myopectineal orifices (MPOs) were measured in two dimensions: height from the lower border of the conjoined tendon to the upper border of the pectineal ligament and width from the lateral border of pubic tubercle to the medial border of the iliopsoas muscle.ResultsThe mean MPO size is 7.13 + 0.14 cm in width and 6.66 + 0.32 m in height. The mean width and height in male cadavers are 7.16 + 0.14 and 6.84 + 0.27 cm, respectively. The mean width and height in female cadavers are 7.09 + 0.12 and 6.45 + 0.24 cm, respectively. The mean MPO area is 37.26 ± 0.027 cm2, compared with the area of mesh graft 10 cm × 15 cm, 150 cm2. Although the shrinkage of cadaveric tissue and mesh size were adjusted, which were 39.56 ± 0.029 and 81 cm2, respectively, they were found to be sufficient for the mean MPO area. It was found that the mesh size was sufficient for the mean MPO area.ConclusionA mesh size of 10 cm × 15 cm is found to be the appropriate size to cover the MPO among Thais.
Spectrum of non-traumatic craniovertebral junction disorders
Authors: Singh Neha , Singh Deepak Kumar 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Craniovertebral junction is the “zone of transition” between the skull and cervical spine so its detailed discussion is lacking in so many standard textbooks addressing these regions. These anomalies are especially common in the Indian subcontinent. Accurate diagnosis, probable aetiology and pre-treatment evaluation considerably affect the prognosis of patients. The aim of this study was to classify various Craniovertebral junction disorders according to their aetiology and to correlate the imaging findings with the clinical profile of the patients and histopathology whenever possible.
Methods: This prospective observational study was done in our department over the period of one year from August 2016 to July 2017. 57 North Indian patients from all age groups and both sex, who had imaging features suggesting craniovertebral junction pathology were selected for the study.
Results: Our study group comprised 34 males and 23 females with a male to female ratio of 1.47: 1. The most common age group was 11-20 years and the most common aetiology being developmental followed by infective, autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.
Conclusions: CVJ abnormalities are a group of treatable neurological disorders, and are approached with much caution by clinicians. Thus, it is crucial that radiologists should be able to make a precise diagnosis, categorize them into etiological groups, and give precise anatomical information on MDCT and/or MRI, as this information ultimately helps determine the management of such abnormalities and their prognosis.
Active hydrocephalus with aqueduct stenosis to an old woman
Authors: Iacob G. 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Aqueduct stenosis (AS) in old people is a rare pathological entity. I report a case of a 66 years old woman with severe ataxia, cognitive deterioration, loss of sphincters control (gatism). Clinical, neuro-radiologic and therapeutic considerations are discussed.
Case presentation: A 66 years old woman with a 6 months history of mild cerebral trauma by car accident without losing consciousness, present 2 months before hospitalization severe ataxia, cognitive disorders, gatism. At the time of trauma, brain scanner performed in another institution showed minimal fronto-basal cerebral contusions and blood collection around the brain stem. One month after a new unenhanced brain scan all previous lesions are gone. At admission, an abnormal enlargement of lateral and third ventricles are remarked both on unenhanced CT and MRI scan of the brain explained by cerebral aqueductal stenosis. Ventricular open pressure was 350 mm H2O. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt with a variable pressure valve was installed. The surgery went uneventful and the patient recovered as expected. 6-month follow-up visit the patient was symptom-free, with a fine intellectual recovery.
Fibrous dysplasia of sphenoid bone presenting as a case of loss of vision
Authors: Katyal Abhishek , Singh Daljit 
Published: April 2022

Background: Fibrous dysplasia is a fibro-osseous lesion of unclear aetiology wherein normal bone is replaced by abnormal fibrous tissue and immature bone. Fibrous dysplasia is associated with a defect in osteoblastic differentiation and maturation that originates in the mesenchymal precursor of the bone & is well documented to affect craniofacial structures.
Case description: A case of the lesser sphenoid wing fibrous dysplasia is described which presented with symptoms of pressure effects on the optic nerve, managed subsequently with microsurgical decompression of the nerve.
Conclusion: Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia is an uncommon entity which can present with loss of vision, wherein the visual prognosis depends upon timed & adequate surgical intervention.
The impact of lockdown on incidence of neurosurgery trauma patients in India
Authors: Roy Ashutosh , Jaiswal Somil , Ojha B.K. , Srivastava Chittij 
Published: April 2022

Objective: Covid19 pandemic challenged the global healthcare system and both developed and developing countries responded with their might to fight this global pandemic. Road traffic accidents are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in India and we studied the impact of lockdown on neurosurgery trauma patients in a tertiary care centre in India.
Methods: Indian government announced complete lockdown on 25th march 2020 and India remained in complete lockdown till 31st May 2020. We included the patients admitted from 1st January 2020 to 24th March 2020 in pre lockdown period and25th march to In this cross-sectional study we divided the patients into two groups of pre lockdown and lockdown period and incidence of neurosurgery trauma patients was assessed for Road Traffic Accident, assault, hit by animal and fall from height.
Result: In our study 491 patients were admitted in pre lockdown and 369 patients were admitted in lockdown period. Road traffic accident patients were more in pre lockdown 39.5% (n=194) as compared to lockdown period 31.2% (n=115). However, cases of assaults were more in the lockdown period (14.6%, n=54) as compared to pre lockdown (3.9%, n=19). The death rate in neurosurgery trauma patients reduced significantly in lockdown (7.3%, n=27) as compared to pre lockdown (21.8%, n=107).
Conclusion: The COVID19 pandemic induced lockdown resulted in a decrease in motor vehicle movements which further decreased the incidence of RTA and related trauma however incidence of assault-related trauma and cases increased significantly in this period. The overall outcome of such patients improved probably due to better utilization of available health care facilities.
A very rare fact occurring after V/P shunt in the surgical treatment of Pseudotumor Serebri Syndrome
Authors: Ambarcioglu Mehmet Akif , Atci I. Burak , Türk Okan , Antar Veysel , Demirel Nail , Özdemir Nuriye Güzin , Eğilmez Emre , Karaoğlu A. Can , Baran Özgur 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: In this study, it is aimed to present a very rare liver subcapsular accumulation of a patient after ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery who was diagnosed with Pseudotumor cerebri syndrome with progressive sight loss.
Case: The patient is a 38-year-old female who was diagnosed with lomber spondylose and later operated with stabilization and fusion surgery. Seven days after the operation her headaches became clear and blackout in her left eye was seen and she was observed with medical treatment. CSF pressure of her was measured to be 25 cm/ water, so she was diagnosed as pseudotumour cerebri and taken to the operation immediately. On the 3rd day of post-operation, there occurred to be intense stomach ache and abdominal sensitivity of the case. After the scanning of abdominal CT, 7 cm of liquid collection was detected in the shunt distal of liver subcapsular area.
Discussion: Liver pseudocyst should be considered, even if it is a rare complication when back striking abdominal pain and high liver enzymes are seen in patients with shunt dysfunction. USG and abdominal bt tests should be made for these patients. The drainage of the cyst and then the removal of the abdominal catheter should be applied.
Machine Learning (ML) Methods in Assessing the Intensity of Damage Caused by High-Energy Mining Tremors in Traditional Development of LGOM Mining Area
Authors: Witkowski Michał 
Published: April 2022

The paper presents a comparative analysis of Machine Learning (ML) research methods allowing to assess the risk of mining damage occurring in traditional masonry buildings located in the mining area of Legnica-Głogów Copper District (LGOM) as a result of intense mining tremors. The database of reports on damage that occurred after the tremors of 20 February 2002, 16 May 2004 and 21 May 2006 formed the basis for the analysis.
Based on these data, classification models were created using the Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) and the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method.
The results of previous research studies allowed to include structural and geometric features of buildings,as well as protective measures against mining tremors in the model. The probabilistic notation of the model makes it possible to effectively assess the probability of damage in the analysis of large groups of building structures located in the area of paraseismic impacts. The results of the conducted analyses confirm the thesis that the proposed methodology may allow to estimate, with the appropriate probability, the financial outlays that the mining plant should secure for the repair of the expected damage to the traditional development of the LGOM mining area.
Effects of carbon impurity in ALD-Al2O3 film on HAXPES spectrum and electrical properties of Al2O3/AlGaN/GaN MIS structure
Authors: Shibata Takuya , Uenuma Mutsunori , Yamada Takahiro , Yoshitsugu Koji , Higashi Masato , Nishimura Kunihiko , Uraoka Yukiharu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this study, the effects of carbon impurity in the atomic layer deposited-Al2O3 film on the hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) spectra and the electrical properties of metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) structure were measured. The carbon concentration in the Al2O3 film was adjusted by varying the deposition conditions (precursor: trimethylaluminum, Al(CH3)3, or dimethylaluminum hydride, Al(CH3)2H, oxidant, and deposition temperature) in the atomic layer deposition process. The HAXPES measurements revealed the correlation between full width at half maximum (FWHM) of Al 1 s and O 1 s spectra and the carbon concentration in the Al2O3 film. Furthermore, the negative charges in the Al2O3 film could change the FWHM, attributed to the carbon impurity. The correlation between the carbon concentration and the electrical characteristics of the Al2O3/AlGaN/GaN MIS structure was analyzed. The interface state density and the effective charge density were dependent on the carbon concentration in the Al2O3 film.
A liquid thermoelectric device composed of organic solution
Authors: Wake Akihiro , Inoue Dai , Moritomo Yutaka 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The liquid thermoelectric device (LTE) exhibits a very simple structure that consists of hot/cold electrodes of identical type and a solution with a redox couple. Here, we evaluated the performances of LTE composed of acetone (or acetonitrile) solutions of Fe(ClO4)2/Fe(ClO4)3 against their concentration (m). The electrochemical Seebeck coefficients (α) of organic LTE range from 1.5 to 2.5 mV K−1 and are higher than α (=1.4 mV K−1) of the corresponding aqueous LTE. The dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) of organic LTE is ≈0.015 at maximum and is higher than the maximum ZT (=0.009) of the corresponding aqueous LTE. Thus, the organic LTE is promising as an energy harvesting device.