bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Power‐type derivatives for rough volatility with jumps
Authors: Wang Liang , Xia Weixuan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel analytical pricing–hedging framework for volatility derivatives which simultaneously takes into account rough volatility and volatility jumps. Directly targeting the instantaneous variance of a risky asset, our model consists of a generalized fractional Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process driven by a Lévy subordinator and an independent sinusoidal‐composite Lévy process, and allows the characteristic function of average forward variance to be obtainable in semiclosed form, without having to invoke any geometric‐mean approximations. Pricing–hedging formulae are proposed for a general class of power‐type derivatives, in the spirit of numerical Fourier transform. A comparative empirical study is conducted on two independent recent data sets on Volatility Index options, before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic, to demonstrate that the proposed framework is highly amenable to efficient model calibration under various choices of kernels. The price dynamics of the underlying asset can be readily considered and the possibility of studying rough volatility of volatility is given as well.
The zinc finger transcription factor Sall1 is required for the early developmental transition of microglia in mouse embryos
Authors: Scott Earl Parker , Breyak Emma , Nishinakamura Ryuichi , Nakagawa Yasushi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMicroglia play many critical roles in neural development. Recent single‐cell RNA‐sequencing studies have found diversity of microglia both across different stages and within the same stage in the developing brain. However, how such diversity is controlled during development is poorly understood. In this study, we first found the expression of the macrophage mannose receptor CD206 in early‐stage embryonic microglia on mouse brain sections. This expression showed a sharp decline between E12.5 and E13.5 across the central nervous system. We next tested the roles of the microglia‐expressed zinc finger transcription factor SALL1 in this early transition of gene expression. By deleting Sall1 specifically in microglia, we found that many microglia continued to express CD206 when it is normally downregulated. In addition, the mutant microglia continued to show less ramified morphology in comparison with controls even into postnatal stages. Thus, SALL1 is required for early microglia to transition into a more mature status during development.
Alterations in white matter network dynamics in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Authors: Wang Bin , Zhang Shanshan , Yu Xuexue , Niu Yan , Niu Jinliang , Li Dandan , Zhang Shan , Xiang Jie , Yan Ting , Yang Jiajia , Wu Jinglong , Liu Miaomiao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests white matter network abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD), but the alterations in dynamics of the white matter network in patients with SZ and BD are largely unknown. The white matter network of patients with SZ (n = 45) and BD (n = 47) and that of healthy controls (HC, n = 105) were constructed. We used dynamics network control theory to quantify the dynamics metrics of the network, including controllability and synchronizability, to measure the ability to transfer between different states. Experiments show that the patients with SZ and BD showed decreasing modal controllability and synchronizability and increasing average controllability. The correlations between the average controllability and synchronizability of patients were broken, especially for those with SZ. The patients also showed alterations in brain regions with supercontroller roles and their distribution in the cognitive system. Finally, we were able to accurately discriminate and predict patients with SZ and BD. Our findings provide novel dynamic metrics evidence that patients with SZ and BD are characterized by a selective disruption of brain network controllability, potentially leading to reduced brain state transfer capacity, and offer new guidance for the clinical diagnosis of mental illness.
Extracting electrophysiological correlates of functional magnetic resonance imaging data using the canonical polyadic decomposition
Authors: Mann‐Krzisnik Dylan , Mitsis Georgios D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe relation between electrophysiology and BOLD‐fMRI requires further elucidation. One approach for studying this relation is to find time‐frequency features from electrophysiology that explain the variance of BOLD time‐series. Convolution of these features with a canonical hemodynamic response function (HRF) is often required to model neurovascular coupling mechanisms and thus account for time shifts between electrophysiological and BOLD‐fMRI data. We propose a framework for extracting the spatial distribution of these time‐frequency features while also estimating more flexible, region‐specific HRFs. The core component of this method is the decomposition of a tensor containing impulse response functions using the Canonical Polyadic Decomposition. The outputs of this decomposition provide insight into the relation between electrophysiology and BOLD‐fMRI and can be used to construct estimates of BOLD time‐series. We demonstrated the performance of this method on simulated data while also examining the effects of simulated measurement noise and physiological confounds. Afterwards, we validated our method on publicly available task‐based and resting‐state EEG‐fMRI data. We adjusted our method to accommodate the multisubject nature of these datasets, enabling the investigation of inter‐subject variability with regards to EEG‐to‐BOLD neurovascular coupling mechanisms. We thus also demonstrate how EEG features for modelling the BOLD signal differ across subjects.
Multiomics identifies the link between intratumor steatosis and the exhausted tumor immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Murai Hiroki , Kodama Takahiro , Maesaka Kazuki , Tange Shoichiro , Motooka Daisuke , Suzuki Yutaka , Shigematsu Yasuyuki , Inamura Kentaro , Mise Yoshihiro , Saiura Akio , Ono Yoshihiro , Takahashi Yu , Kawasaki Yota , Iino Satoshi , Kobayashi Shogo , Idogawa Masashi , Tokino Takashi , Hashidate‐Yoshida Tomomi , Shindou Hideo , Miyazaki Masanori , Imai Yasuharu , Tanaka Satoshi , Mita Eiji , Ohkawa Kazuyoshi , Hikita Hayato , Sakamori Ryotaro , Tatsumi Tomohide , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Morii Eiichi , Takehara Tetsuo 
Published: May 2022

Background and Aims:
Immunotherapy has become the standard‐of‐care treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its efficacy remains limited. To identify immunotherapy‐susceptible HCC, we profiled the molecular abnormalities and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of rapidly increasing nonviral HCC.

Approaches and Results:
We performed RNA‐seq of tumor tissues in 113 patients with nonviral HCC and cancer genome sequencing of 69 genes with recurrent genetic alterations reported in HCC. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering classified nonviral HCCs into three molecular classes (Class I, II, III), which stratified patient prognosis. Class I, with the poorest prognosis, was associated with TP53 mutations, whereas class III, with the best prognosis, was associated with cadherin‐associated protein beta 1 (CTNNB1) mutations. Thirty‐eight percent of nonviral HCC was defined as an immune class characterized by a high frequency of intratumoral steatosis and a low frequency of CTNNB1 mutations. Steatotic HCC, which accounts for 23% of nonviral HCC cases, presented an immune‐enriched but immune‐exhausted TIME characterized by T cell exhaustion, M2 macrophage and cancer‐associated fibroblast (CAF) infiltration, high PD‐L1 expression, and TGF‐β signaling activation. Spatial transcriptome analysis suggested that M2 macrophages and CAFs may be in close proximity to exhausted CD8+ T cells in steatotic HCC. An in vitro study showed that palmitic acid‐induced lipid accumulation in HCC cells upregulated PD‐L1 expression and promoted immunosuppressive phenotypes of cocultured macrophages and fibroblasts. Patients with steatotic HCC, confirmed by chemical‐shift MR imaging, had significantly longer PFS with combined immunotherapy using anti–PD‐L1 and anti‐VEGF antibodies.

Conclusions:
Multiomics stratified nonviral HCCs according to prognosis or TIME. We identified the link between intratumoral steatosis and immune‐exhausted immunotherapy‐susceptible TIME.
Genetic modifiers of penetrance to liver endpoints in HFE hemochromatosis: Associations in a large community cohort
Authors: Pilling Luke C. , Atkins Janice L. , Melzer David 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
The iron overload condition hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) can cause liver cirrhosis and cancer, diabetes, and arthritis. Males homozygous for the p.C282Y missense mutation in the Homeostatin Iron Regulator (HFE) gene have greatest risk; yet, only a minority develop these conditions. We aimed to determine whether common genetic variants influencing iron levels or liver disease risk in the general population also modify clinical penetrance in HFE p.C282Y and p.H63D carriers.

Methods
We studied 1294 male and 1596 female UK Biobank HFE p.C282Y homozygous participants of European ancestry with medical records up to 14 years after baseline assessment. Polygenic scores quantified genetic effects of blood iron biomarkers and relevant diseases (identified in the general population). Analyses were also performed in other HFE p.C282Y/p.H63D genotype groups.

Results
In male p.C282Y homozygotes, a higher iron polygenic score increased the risk of liver fibrosis or cirrhosis diagnoses (odds ratio for the top 20% of iron polygenic score vs. the bottom 20% = 4.90: 95% confidence intervals, 1.63–14.73; p = 0.005), liver cancer, and osteoarthritis but not diabetes. A liver cirrhosis polygenic score was associated with liver cancer diagnoses. In female p.C282Y homozygotes, the osteoarthritis polygenic score was associated with increased osteoarthritis diagnoses and type‐2 diabetes polygenic score with diabetes. However, the iron polygenic score was not robustly associated with diagnoses in p.C282Y female homozygotes or in other p.C282Y/p.H63D genotypes.

Conclusions

HFE p.C282Y homozygote penetrance to clinical disease in a large community cohort was partly explained by common genetic variants that influence iron and risks of related diagnoses in the general population, including polygenic scores in HH screening and diagnosis, may help in estimating prognosis and treatment planning.
Why not both? Using multiple measures to improve reliability in infant studies
Authors: Havron Naomi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractByers‐Heinlein et al. suggest six practical solutions to increase reliability in infant experimentation. Here I add a seventh solution, which is recording multiple measures from the same infant and trial. Recording multiple measures is relatively easy to implement in many cases, and has additional advantages. I survey several ways to accomplish this and recommend preregistering hypotheses and analyses plans beforehand to avoid adding researcher's degrees of freedom. Multiple measurements are complementary to Byers‐Heinlein et al.'s (2021) solutions and should be used in tandem with them to further the quality of research in the field.
Evaluation of effectiveness, acceptability and safety of thermal ablation in the treatment of cervical neoplasia in Burundi
Authors: Sauvaget Catherine , Bazikamwe Sylvestre , Lucas Eric , Ndayikengurukiye Athanase , Harerimana Salvator , Barango Prebo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis longitudinal study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness, acceptability and safety of the thermal ablation procedure (TA) in the treatment of cervical neoplasia. Women referred to the Gynaecology ward for symptoms or for opportunistic screening were assessed by visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and colposcopy. Those with lesions eligible to ablation were counselled and treated by TA. They were inquired about the level of pain during the procedure, and their level of satisfaction. Patients were followed up at 6 weeks for any complication and reassessed by VIA and colposcopy at 12 months for any persistent or recurrent lesion and for any adverse event. A total of 86 women with a positive VIA test were included in the study. The mean age was 46 years (28‐61 years). Most of the women did not complain about any adverse event during treatment; one‐third presented mild pain or cramp. At the 6‐week visit, watery discharge was the main adverse event reported. All women were highly satisfied with TA and most of them would recommend it. At the 12‐month visit, 82 women were examined (95% follow‐up rate), and the overall cure rate was 96% (low‐grade lesions: 98%; high‐grade lesions: 94%). Three women presented low‐ and high‐grade lesions that were treated by TA. No major adverse event or hospitalisation after the treatment was reported. In conclusion, TA was an effective procedure with a high cure rate at the 1‐year follow‐up visit. It was acceptable and safe, with only minor short‐term side‐effects reported and with a high satisfaction rate among the patients.
Genomic landscape of microsatellite instability in Chinese tumors: A comparison of Chinese and TCGA cohorts
Authors: Li Ziyu , Jia Yongning , Zhu Honglin , Yuan Hongling , Xing Xiaofang , Xin Yaqun , Ma Tonghui , Pang Fei , Zhang Yan , Hu Ying , Jia Shuqin , Ji Jiafu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMicrosatellite instability (MSI) is an important biomarker for predicting the response to immunotherapy and prognosis that mainly results from a defective DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system and strongly correlates with high tumor mutation burden (TMB). Herein, we developed a novel method that integrates MSI score, MMR mutation status and TMB level to identify MSI status from next‐generation sequencing (NGS) data. The novel method displays a sensitivity of 96.80%, a specificity of 99.96% and an overall accuracy of 99.89%, compared to current standards. Using our novel method, we analyzed 11 395 Chinese patients across 30 cancer types. High microsatellite instability (MSI‐H) was detected in 210 (1.84%) samples in 18 of 30 cancer types assessed. Mutations in ACVR2A (73%), KMT2D (68%), KMT2B (66%) and MMR‐related genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2) were enriched in MSI‐H samples. Furthermore, MSI‐H samples were more likely to have high TMB (P < .01), high PD‐L1 expression (P < .05) and more tumor‐infiltrating immune cells than microsatellite‐stable (MSS) samples. Compared to the TCGA patients, the prevalence of MSI‐H in the Chinese cohort was significantly lower in colorectal, gastric and pancreatic cancer, while significantly higher in urinary and prostate cancer. Mutations in ACVR2A (73% vs 28%, P < .01) and MMR‐related genes (51.4% vs 21.3%, P < .01) were significantly higher in the Chinese population. Thus, our study suggests the fraction of MSI‐H attributable to MMR inactivation mutations were lower in European than in Chinese patients, while the proportion of MSI‐H due to other events may be higher.
Subcapsular renal hematoma after ureterorenoscopy
Authors: Harada Narumi , Yatsuda Junji , Kurahashi Ryoma , Fukushima Yumi , Segawa Takuya , Motoshima Takanobu , Murakami Yoji , Yamaguchi Takahiro , Sugiyama Yutaka , Kamba Tomomi 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionSubcapsular renal hematoma after ureterorenoscopy using a holmium yttrium‐aluminum‐garnet laser is a rare complication. We experienced a case of subcapsular hematoma after ureterorenoscopy.Case presentationThe patient was a 56‐year‐old man with a history of hypertension and coronary vasospastic angina, and he was taking antiplatelet drugs. He had the middle and lower calyx stones measured 36 mm in diameter of the right kidney. We performed ureterorenoscopy, which was completed about 2 h without intraoperative complications. We could not remove the stone completely. After the surgery, the patient developed a fever and complained of right back pain. Computed tomography showed several residual stones formed a stone street, obstructing the stent and resulting in grade 3 hydronephrosis. Furthermore, the right subcapsular renal hematoma infection had detected. Percutaneous hematoma drainage and percutaneous nephrostomy were performed.ConclusionSubcapsular renal hematoma after ureterorenoscopy is an uncommon complication but should be kept in mind.
A case of male perineal aggressive angiomyxoma with expressions of female hormone receptors
Authors: Hisano Mizuki , Matsuura Tomohiko , Kato Renpei , Maekawa Shigekatsu , Kato Yoichiro , Kanehira Mitsugu , Suzuki Masamichi , Nakayama Manabu , Takata Ryo , Obara Wataru 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionAggressive angiomyxoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor in females of reproductive age that occurs in the pelvis and perineal zone with a high risk of local infiltration and recurrence. Male aggressive angiomyxoma in perineal zone is very rare.Case presentationA 63‐year old male presented to our hospital with chief complaint of perineal mass. He was diagnosed with perineal lipoma by needle biopsy 3 years before. Computed tomography revealed a 16 cm perineal tumor without lymph node or distal metastasis. As the tumor had gradually increased, we performed tumor resection. The histological diagnosis of tumor using immunohistochemistry was aggressive angiomyxoma with complete resection. Moreover, expressions of both estrogen and progesterone receptors were recognized. No recurrence was seen 9 months after surgery.ConclusionMale aggressive angiomyxoma is a very rare tumor, which has expressions of female hormone receptors. Hormonal therapy might be effective for perioperative therapy or recurrence.
Oil prices, gasoline prices, and inflation expectations
Authors: Kilian Lutz , Zhou Xiaoqing 
Published: May 2022

SummaryIt has long been suspected, given the salience of gasoline prices, that fluctuations in gasoline prices shift households' 1‐year inflation expectations. Assessing this view empirically requires the use of dynamic structural models to quantify the cumulative effect of gasoline price shocks on household inflation expectations at each point in time. We find that, on average, gasoline price shocks account for 42% of the variation in these expectations. The cumulative increase in household inflation expectations from early 2009 to early 2013, in particular, is almost entirely explained by unexpectedly rising gasoline prices. However, there is no support for the view that the improved fit of the Phillips curve augmented by household inflation expectations during 2009–2013 is mainly explained by rising gasoline prices.
Automated reaction mechanisms and kinetics with the nudged elastic band method‐based AMK_Mountain and its description of the preliminary alkaline hydrolysis of nitrocellulose monomer
Authors: Zhang Guan , Li Jin , Liang Xinxin , Liu Zongkuan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo improve the transition state (TS) search capability in complex chemical environments, AMK_Mountain is constructed based on the automated reaction mechanisms and kinetics (AutoMeKin) package. AMK_Mountain does not distinguish the reaction type of the TSs, which is beneficial to obtaining a more comprehensive reaction mechanism. In this study, the first step of the alkaline hydrolysis process of nitrocellulose monomer was adopted as the research object, and 730 possible initial configurations are constructed and 22 TSs pass high‐level calculations. Energy difference and interaction region indicator reveal that the first step of alkaline hydrolysis is mainly the combination of nitrogen‐containing functional groups at the positions α and β with hydroxide anions, followed by the formation of nitric acid and the further loss of protons to form nitrate. Overall, in combination with GFN2‐xTB and ORCA, the AMK_Mountain technique provides a reliable method for the location of the TSs in complex environments.
Synthesis, crystal structure elucidation, DFT analysis, drug‐likeness and ADMET evaluation and molecular docking studies of triazole derivatives: Binary inhibition of spike protein and ACE2 receptor protein of COVID‐19
Authors: Murugavel Saminathan , Vasudevan Perumal , Chandrasekaran RaviKumar , Archana Vellingiri , Ponnuswany Alagusundaram 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe recent incidence of terrible acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV‐2) has presently experienced some noteworthy mutations since its discovery in 2019 in Wuhan, China. The present research work focuses on the synthesis of three triazole derivatives (BMTPP, BMTTP, and BMTIP) and their inhibition activities against SARS‐Cov‐2 spike and ACE2 receptor proteins. The crystal structure for BMTTP was determined by the SCXRD method and optimized geometrical parameters for the three triazole derivatives were obtained by DFT calculations. HOMO‐LUMO, Global reactive descriptors [GRD], and Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) investigations exposed that all three compounds have biological properties. The drug‐likeness ability of the synthesized compounds was examined using Molinspiration and a pre‐ADMET online Server. Further, to explore the binding nature of three synthesized compounds with SARS‐Cov‐2 spike proteins/ACE2 receptor molecular docking studies were executed. The outcomes we obtained from molecular docking simulation studies suggest that the synthesized triazole derivatives may be well utilized as curing medicines against COVID‐19. Ultimately, animal tests and precise clinical tests are required to prove the potent nature of these compounds against COVID‐19. Finally, the present outcomes must be proved to utilize in‐vitro and in‐vivo antiviral methods.
COVID‐19 and vulnerable populations
Authors: Lewis Rhonda K. , Martin Pamela P. , Guzman Bianca L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAt the time of this special issue, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is the leading cause of death in the United States and has contributed to millions of deaths worldwide. The world had no idea how the pandemic was going to impact our lives. COVID‐19 exposed the inequities in our world and the individuals that were most impacted by it: vulnerable populations. Vulnerable populations may be defined as those living in poverty, living with disability, and racial, ethnic, sexual, and gender minorities. Additionally, as community psychologists we understand that the impact of inequities do not appear singlehandedly since as human beings we do not exist in a vacuum and there are multiple factors that create our level of health and well‐being. Therefore, the idea of examining COVID‐19 in a syndemic framework allows us to explore how a synergistic epidemic (i.e., the aggregation of two or more concurrent or sequential epidemics or disease clusters in a population with biological interactions) exacerbates the prognosis and burden of disease, which can impact vulnerable populations simultaneously. The main goal of this special issue concentrates on how COVID‐19 had a synergistic impact on vulnerable populations and how these populations reacted and coped with these events.