bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective RandOmised Trial of Emergency Cardiac Computerised Tomography (PROTECCT)
Authors: Aziz Waqar , Morgan Holly , Demir Ozan M , Sinha Aish , Rua Tiago , Rajani Ronak , Chang Ai-Lee , Woo Eric , Mak Sze Mun , Benedetti Giulia , Villa Adriana , Preston Rebecca , Navin Roshan , O'Kane Kevin , Hunter Laura , Ismail Tevfik , Carr-White Gerry , Beckley-Hoelscher Nick , Peacock Janet , Marber Michael , Razavi Reza , Perera Divaka 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveMany patients presenting with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) concentrations between rule-in and rule-out thresholds and hence need serial testing, which is time consuming. The Prospective RandOmised Trial of Emergency Cardiac Computerised Tomography (PROTECCT) assessed the utility of coronary CT angiography (CCTA) in patients with suspected ACS, non-ischaemic ECG and intermediate initial hs-cTn concentration.MethodsPatients were randomised to CCTA-guided management versus standard of care (SOC). The primary outcome was hospital length of stay (LOS). Secondary outcomes included cost of in-hospital stay and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 12 months of follow-up. Data are mean (SD); for LOS harmonic means, IQRs are shown.Results250 (aged 55 (14) years, 25% women) patients were randomised. Harmonic mean (IQR) LOS was 7.53 (6.0–9.6) hours in the CCTA arm and 8.14 (6.3–9.8) hours in the SOC arm (p=0.13). Inpatient cost was £1285 (£2216) and £1108 (£3573), respectively, p=0.68. LOS was shorter in the CCTA group in patients with <25% stenosis, compared with SOC; 6.6 (5.6–7.8) hours vs 7.5 (6.1–9.4) hours, respectively; p=0.021. More referrals for cardiology outpatient clinic review and cardiac CT-related outpatient referrals occurred in the SOC arm (p=0.01). 12-month MACE rates were similar between the two arms (7 (5.6%) in the CCTA arm and 8 (6.5%) in the SOC arm—log-rank p=0.78).ConclusionsCCTA did not lead to reduced hospital LOS or cost, largely because these outcomes were influenced by the detection of ≥25% grade stenosis in a proportion of patients.Trial registration numberNCT03583320.
Multivariate evaluation of prognostic markers in synovial sarcoma
Authors: Larque Ana-Belen , Lozano-Calderon Santiago , Cote Gregory M , Chen Yen-Lin , Hung Yin P , Deshpande Vikram , Nielsen G Petur , Chebib Ivan 
Published: October 2022

AimsSynovial sarcoma (SS) is an aggressive neoplasm but with varied clinical outcomes despite standard treatment protocols. Several clinicopathological features and immunohistochemical stains have been proposed as prognostic markers in SS. The aim of this study was to evaluate SS from a single institution for prognostically relevant clinicopathological and immunohistochemical factors.MethodsWe identified a single-institution cohort of SS with follow-up. Clinical and pathological factors examined included age, sex, tumour location, AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) stage, tumour size, grade and status of surgical margins. Immunohistochemical staining for p16, p53, RB1, MYC, PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue), β-catenin, MDM2 and Ki67 proliferative index was performed on tissue microarray. Cox proportional hazard model was used for multivariate assessment of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).Results133 patients with SS met the inclusion criteria for our cohort, with 100 having complete dataset for all study covariates. On Cox regression multivariate analysis, location (axial vs extremity, p<0.001), AJCC stage (p<0.001), p16 expression (≥75%, p=0.021) were significantly associated with worse OS, whereas PTEN intensity (score 2, p<0.001) and p53 expression (null/≥75%, p=0.013) were correlated with improved OS. For DFS analysis, location (axial vs extremity, p=0.030), tumour size (≥5 cm, p=0.009) and MYC expression (≥33%, p=0.013) were associated with inferior outcome. Only PTEN intensity (score 2, p<0.001) correlated with improved DFS.ConclusionsIn reviewing numerous clinicopathological and immunohistochemical markers, this study shows that location, AJCC stage, p16, p53 and PTEN expression were prognostically significant in multivariate analysis for OS in a uniformly treated SS cohort. Location, tumour size, MYC and PTEN expression were significantly associated with DFS.
Language of violence: Do words matter more than we think?
Authors: Tatebe Leah C , Thomas Arielle , Regan Sheila , Stone Levon , Dicker Rochelle 
Published: October 2022

Firearm violence is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among young adults. Identification of intervention targets is crucial to developing and implementing effective prevention efforts. Hospital Violence Intervention Programs (HVIPs) have used a multiprong social care approach to mediate the cycle of interpersonal violence. One struggle continually encountered is how to change the conversation around the future. Speech patterns have been associated with health outcomes and overall behavior modification. During violence prevention efforts, young victims of violence say things such as ‘I’m living on borrowed time’ and ‘why should I worry about getting an education when I’ll likely die soon anyway?’ Such speech patterns may contribute to the cycle of violence and increase the likelihood of reinjury. Presented is a narrative review of the impact language has on health outcomes and how psychotherapy may be able to change thought patterns, alter language structure, and ultimately reduce risk of reinjury.The biopsychosocial model of health posits that a person’s health is dictated by a combination of biological, psychological, and social factors. By understanding that language exists in the personal context, it can serve as both an indicator and a tool for targeted interventions. Cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) works by retraining thought and speech patterns to affect change in emotion, physiology, and behavior. It is proposed here that CBT could be used in the HVIPs’ multidisciplinary case management model by involving trained psychotherapists. Language is an important indicator of a patient’s psychological state and approach to life-changing decisions. As such, language alteration through CBT could potentially be used as a novel method of injury prevention. This concept has not before been explored in this setting and may be an effective supplement to HVIPs’ success.
Development of tree recruitment models for 10 species groups in the sugar maple-dominated mixed forests of eastern Canada
Authors: Rijal Baburam , Power Hugues , Auger Isabelle , Guillemette François , Bédard Steve , Schneider Robert 
Published: October 2022

Individual tree recruitment is an important element needed to understand stand dynamics, as it influences both stand composition and productivity. Forest growth simulators usually include recruitment models. The quality of recruitment predictions can have long-term impacts on estimations of forest growth, ecosystem health and the commercial utility of managed forests. The main objective of this study was to develop a recruitment model for commercial-size trees (i.e., trees with a diameter at breast height > 9 cm) of 10 species groups using different dendrometric and environmental variables. The resulting model will be included in a growth simulator used to support forest management planning. We hypothesized that accounting for sapling density as a covariate would improve the recruitment model's predictive performance. Using empirical data from periodically measured permanent sample plots (1982–2019) located throughout the managed mixed hardwood forests of Quebec, we constructed models with and without sapling-related covariates and compared them on the basis of cross-validation model performance statistics. Our results show that including sapling density significantly improved model performance. From this, we conclude that adding sapling density as a covariate can significantly improve a recruitment model's predictive power for eastern mixed hardwood forests.
Impact of electron correlation on the light-induced demagnetization of elemental ferromagnetic metals
Authors: Barros Tomás , Tancogne-Dejean Nicolas , Berakdar Jamal , Marques Miguel A. L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The local spin-density approximation (LSDA) is known to describe poorly the electronic structure of 3d transition metals, yet most density-functional-based ab-initio studies of ultra-fast demagnetization rely on it. One way to account for Coulomb correlations among the localized d electrons and go beyond LSDA is to include the effective correlation energy (or Hubbard) U. By doing so, we show here that electronic correlations lead to sizable changes of the laser-induced demagnetization of iron, cobalt, and nickel. We study how the various laser parameters, such as pulse duration or intensity, change the magnetization dynamics. It turns out that the total laser fluence is not suitable to quantify how much a laser pulse demagnetizes a material, as changes in pulse duration and shape influence significantly the outcome. The findings are traced back to the electronic structure of the material, and explained based on phase space for optical transitions.

Graphic abstract
Unique Considerations for Paediatric Proximal Phalanx Fractures
Authors: CHAUDHRY Sonia 
Published: October 2022

Paediatric hand fracture care presents unique considerations and challenges. The proximal phalanx is the most injured location. This review details pearls for the examination of the injured paediatric hand, immobilisation considerations and treatment strategies. Over-treatment can lead to unnecessary stiffness, missed activities, increased healthcare costs or unnecessary surgical morbidity. Undertreatment can promote malunion and dysfunction. Fracture patterns discussed include those of the phalangeal head, neck, shaft and base. The concepts covered will help optimise the evaluation and treatment of children with injured proximal phalanges.Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Severe Life-Threatening Sepsis Complicating Infected Thumb Carpometacarpal Arthroplasty
Authors: KALIMIAN Tal , KRAMER Moti , DREXLER Michael , FARKASH Uri 
Published: October 2022

Thumb Carpometacarpal (CMC) total joint arthroplasty is commonly performed with increasing numbers worldwide. We present a case of Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) leading to severe septic shock and disseminated septic emboli 8 months following uneventful thumb CMC arthroplasty. Such extensive and life-threatening infection following thumb CMC arthroplasty has not been reported. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Learning-based Phase-aware Multi-core CPU Workload Forecasting
Authors: Lozano Erika Susana Alcorta , Gerstlauer Andreas 
Published: October 2022

Predicting workload behavior during workload execution is essential for dynamic resource optimization in multi-processor systems. Recent studies have proposed advanced machine learning techniques for dynamic workload prediction. Workload prediction can be cast as a time series forecasting problem. However, traditional forecasting models struggle to predict abrupt workload changes. These changes occur because workloads are known to go through phases. Prior work has investigated machine-learning-based approaches for phase detection and prediction, but such approaches have not been studied in the context of dynamic workload forecasting. In this article, we propose phase-aware CPU workload forecasting as a novel approach that applies long-term phase prediction to improve the accuracy of short-term workload forecasting. Phase-aware forecasting requires machine learning models for phase classification, phase prediction, and phase-based forecasting that have not been explored in this combination before. Furthermore, existing prediction approaches have only been studied in single-core settings. This work explores phase-aware workload forecasting with multi-threaded workloads running on multi-core systems. We propose different multi-core settings differentiated by the number of cores they access and whether they produce specialized or global outputs per core. We study various advanced machine learning models for phase classification, phase prediction, and phase-based forecasting in isolation and different combinations for each setting.
We apply our approach to forecasting of multi-threaded Parsec and SPEC workloads running on an eight-core Intel Core-i9 platform. Our results show that combining GMM clustering with LSTMs for phase prediction and phase-based forecasting yields the best phase-aware forecasting results. An approach that uses specialized models per core achieves an average error of 23% with up to 22% improvement in prediction accuracy compared to a phase-unaware setup.
Global DNA Methylation Analysis of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Reveals Extensive Epigenetic Rewiring Linked with RUNX1 Upregulation in Breast Cancer Stroma
Authors: Halperin Coral , Hey Joschka , Weichenhan Dieter , Stein Yaniv , Mayer Shimrit , Lutsik Pavlo , Plass Christoph , Scherz-Shouval Ruth 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Cancer cells recruit and rewire normal fibroblasts in their microenvironment to become protumorigenic cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). These CAFs are genomically stable, yet their transcriptional programs are distinct from those of their normal counterparts. Transcriptional regulation plays a major role in this reprogramming, but the extent to which epigenetic modifications of DNA also contribute to the rewiring of CAF transcription is not clear. Here we address this question by dissecting the epigenetic landscape of breast CAFs. Applying tagmentation-based whole-genome bisulfite sequencing in a mouse model of breast cancer, we found that fibroblasts undergo massive DNA methylation changes as they transition into CAFs. Transcriptional and epigenetic analyses revealed RUNX1 as a potential mediator of this process and identified a RUNX1-dependent stromal gene signature. Coculture and mouse models showed that both RUNX1 and its stromal signature are induced as normal fibroblasts transition into CAFs. In breast cancer patients, RUNX1 was upregulated in CAFs, and expression of the RUNX1 signature was associated with poor disease outcome, highlighting the relevance of these findings to human disease. This work presents a comprehensive genome-wide map of DNA methylation in CAFs and reveals a previously unknown facet of the dynamic plasticity of the stroma.

Significance:
The first genome-wide map of DNA methylation in breast cancer–associated fibroblasts unravels a previously unknown facet of the dynamic plasticity of the stroma, with far-reaching therapeutic implications.
Gut-derived Endotoxin-TLR4 Signaling Drives MYC-Ig Translocation to Promote Lymphoproliferation through c-JUN and STAT3 Activation
Authors: Rokan Ahmed , Hernandez Juan Carlos , Nitiyanandan Rajeshwar , Lin Zi-Ying , Chen Chia-Lin , Machida Tatsuya , Li Meng , Khanuja Jasleen , Chen Mo Li , Tahara Stanley M. , Siddiqi Imran , Machida Keigo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Synergism between obesity and virus infection promotes the development of B-cell lymphoma. In this study, we tested whether obesity-associated endotoxin release induced activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). TLR4 activation in turn caused c-JUN–dependent and STAT3-dependent translocations of MYC loci to suppress transactivation of CD95/FAS. We used viral nucleocapside Core transgenic (Tg) mice fed alcohol Western diet to determine whether oncogenesis arising from obesity and chronic virus infection occurred through TLR4-c-JUN-STAT3 pathways. Our results showed B cell–specific, c-Jun and/or Stat3 disruption reduced the incidence of splenomegaly in these mice. AID-dependent t(8;14) translocation was observed between the Ig promoter and MYC loci. Comparison with human B cells showed MYC-immunoglobulin (Ig) translocations after virus infection with lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Accordingly, human patients with lymphoma with virus infections and obesity showed a 40% incidence of MYC-Ig translocations. Thus, obesity and virus infection promote AID-mediated translocation between the Ig promoter and MYC through the TLR4-c-JUN axis, resulting in lymphoproliferation. Taken together, preventative treatment targeting either c-JUN and/or STAT3 may be effective strategies to prevent tumor development.

Implications:
Obesity increases gut-derived endotoxin which induces Toll-like receptor–mediated MYC-Ig translocation via c-JUN-STAT3, leading to lymphoproliferation.
Temporal Trends in Lipoprotein(a) Concentrations: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Deshotels Matthew R. , Sun Caroline , Nambi Vijay , Virani Salim S. , Matsushita Kunihiro , Yu Bing , Ballantyne Christie M. , Hoogeveen Ron C. 
Published: October 2022

Background
Plasma lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) concentrations are primarily determined by genetic factors and are believed to remain stable throughout life. However, data are scarce on longitudinal trends in Lp(a) concentrations over time. Therefore, it is unclear whether measurement of Lp(a) once in a person's life is sufficient for cardiovascular risk assessment in all adults.

Methods and Results
Lp(a) concentrations, specifically apolipoprotein(a) concentrations, were measured at visits 4 and 5, ≈15 years apart, in 4734 adult participants of the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study (mean age at visits 4 and 5, 60.7±5.1 and 75.5±5.2 years, respectively). Participants were categorized by baseline (visit 4) Lp(a) concentrations as normal (<30 mg/dL), borderline‐high (30–49 mg/dL), or high (≥50 mg/dL). We compared adults with Lp(a) change ≥20 mg/dL between visits and those with Lp(a) change <20 mg/dL. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify covariates associated with change in Lp(a) over time. At visit 5, 58.1% of participants with borderline‐high Lp(a) concentrations of 30 to 49 mg/dL at visit 4 had high Lp(a) concentrations ≥50 mg/dL. Participants with low Lp(a) (<30 mg/dL) or high Lp(a) (≥50 mg/dL) at visit 4 tended to stay in these respective categories. Black race, female sex, diabetes, hypertension, total cholesterol, and albuminuria were associated with significantly greater probability for Lp(a) change ≥20 mg/dL over time.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that adults with borderline‐high Lp(a) concentrations may be considered for repeat monitoring of Lp(a) over time, particularly if they are Black, women, or have diabetes, hypertension, and/or elevated albuminuria.
Hydrogen Sulfide Attenuates Lymphedema Via the Induction of Lymphangiogenesis Through a PI3K/Akt‐Dependent Mechanism
Authors: Suzuki Junya , Shimizu Yuuki , Hayashi Takumi , Che Yiyang , Pu Zhongyue , Tsuzuki Kazuhito , Narita Shingo , Shibata Rei , Ishii Isao , Calvert John W. , Murohara Toyoaki 
Published: October 2022

Background

Accumulating evidence suggests that hydrogen sulfide ( H
2
S ), an endogenously produced gaseous molecule, plays a critical role in the regulation of cardiovascular homeostasis. However, little is known about its role in lymphangiogenesis. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate the involvement of H
2
S in lymphatic vessel growth and lymphedema resolution using a murine model and assess the underlying mechanisms.

Methods and Results

A murine model of tail lymphedema was created both in wild‐type mice and cystathionine γ‐lyase–knockout mice, to evaluate lymphedema up to 28 days after lymphatic ablation. Cystathionine γ‐lyase–knockout mice had greater tail diameters than wild‐type mice, and this phenomenon was associated with the inhibition of reparative lymphangiogenesis at the site of lymphatic ablation. In contrast, the administration of an H
2
S donor, diallyl trisulfide, ameliorated lymphedema by inducing the formation of a considerable number of lymphatic vessels at the injured sites in the tails. In vitro experiments using human lymphatic endothelial cells revealed that diallyl trisulfide promoted their proliferation and differentiation into tube‐like structures by enhancing Akt (protein kinase B) phosphorylation in a concentration‐dependent manner. The blockade of Akt activation negated the diallyl trisulfide–induced prolymphangiogenic responses in lymphatic endothelial cells. Furthermore, the effects of diallyl trisulfide treatment on lymphangiogenesis in the tail lymphedema model were also negated by the inhibition of phosphoinositide 3'‐kinase (P13K)/Akt signaling.

Conclusions

H
2
S promotes reparative lymphatic vessel growth and ameliorates secondary lymphedema, at least in part, through the activation of the Akt pathway in lymphatic endothelial cells. As such, H
2
S donors could be used as therapeutics against refractory secondary lymphedema.
Religious Tastes in a Gentrified Neighbourhood
Authors: Clot-Garrell Anna , Albert-Blanco Víctor , Martínez-Cuadros Rosa , Esteso Carolina 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article examines how religious diversity is manifested and represented in contexts undergoing intense urban pressures. Drawing on ethnographic research conducted in the Raval quarter of Barcelona, we analyse the open-air festivities of religious minorities and the emergence of new neighbourhood associations’ mobilizations. Specifically, we focus on the role of food in these events as a way to explore how diversification and urban transformation interrelate. Whilst food becomes the means through which religious and secular actors interact and articulate forms of place-making, it also becomes a resource to present religion in forms deemed ‘acceptable’ to the general public.
The Wu Region as Locality and as Empire
Authors: Chittick Andrew 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This essay uses the history of the Wu region in the first millennium ce to explore the relationship between locality and empire. Many major East Asian empires are considered to be “Chinese” and to have essentially similar characteristics which are largely independent of their local base. Recent work on the Jiankang Empire (third to sixth centuries ce, also known as the “southern dynasties”) has shown that it had an imperial culture which was quite different from Central Plains-based empires, and which is in part attributable to the distinctive culture of the local Wu region. The relationship can be further illustrated by linking those developments to evidence from the tenth century, when the Wu region again served as the core of a political regime with imperial pretentions.
Indocyanine Green as a Navigational Adjunct for Laparoscopic Ablation of Liver Tumors
Authors: Gerber David A. , Vonderau Jennifer S. , Iwai Yoshiko , Steele Paula , Serrano Pablo , Desai Chirag S. 
Published: October 2022

Background Minimally invasive operative approaches for resection and thermal ablation (eg, microwave, radiofrequency) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been successfully implemented over the last two decades, although identifying tumors can be challenging. Successfully performing laparoscopic ablation requires real-time visualization and ultrasonography skills for direct placement of the ablation probe. Methods In this study, we introduce a novel adjunct to ultrasound imaging for tumors located near or on the surface of the liver via intravenous delivery of indocyanine green (ICG) dye. Non-resectable lesion(s) not amenable to percutaneous ablation were considered for laparoscopic microwave ablation. Each patient initially received a dose of .3125 mg ICG via peripheral IV. Results A total of 17 patients were included. There was brisk uptake of ICG throughout the liver parenchyma in under 2 minutes in 15 of 17 patients; the remaining 2 required a second dose of ICG. In 14 cases, a hypo-fluorescent perfusion pattern in the tumor was clearly identified. Discussion Integrating ICG and fluorescent imaging provides a complementary adjunct to ultrasound in identifying HCC nodules. While previous applications of ICG typically require injections several days prior to surgery or segmental injections, this study demonstrates a novel real-time application of ICG to aid surgeons with various experiences in laparoscopic-assisted ablation procedures for HCC.