bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State-Owned Gambling Operation in a Global Competitive Environment
Authors: Järvinen-Tassopoulos Johanna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis qualitative study examines what factors and measures may contribute to the success of a state-owned gambling company online. As each jurisdiction restricts online gambling offer and demand according to domestic legislation, there are few tools to limit the competition of online operators.In order to understand how different stakeholders want to limit online competition and preserve the benefits guaranteed by a monopolistic gambling system, thematic interviews (N = 17) were conducted among the state-owned gambling company Veikkaus’ representatives and among public servants engaged in gambling regulation, ownership steering, the prevention of gambling harm, or the distribution and reception of gambling proceeds. Chantal Mouffe’s theorisation on ‘antagonism’ and ‘agonism’ is used to examine the impact of competition of these stakeholders.The results show that the challenges of the Finnish state-owned gambling operator were related to competition (e.g., losing customers and proceeds to international competitors) and to regulation (e.g., channelling gambling and preventing gambling harms). The results also indicated that Veikkaus’ representatives seem to have an agonistic relationship with the regulators and the public servants interested in prevention of gambling harms. The only antagonism found in this study is based on the conflicting power relations of Veikkaus and the international online gambling companies.
Approximation Properties of the Double Fourier Sphere Method
Authors: Mildenberger Sophie , Quellmalz Michael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe investigate analytic properties of the double Fourier sphere (DFS) method, which transforms a function defined on the two-dimensional sphere to a function defined on the two-dimensional torus. Then the resulting function can be written as a Fourier series yielding an approximation of the original function. We show that the DFS method preserves smoothness: it continuously maps spherical Hölder spaces into the respective spaces on the torus, but it does not preserve spherical Sobolev spaces in the same manner. Furthermore, we prove sufficient conditions for the absolute convergence of the resulting series expansion on the sphere as well as results on the speed of convergence.
Diagnostic variation for febrile children in European emergency departments
Authors: Zanetto Lorenzo , van de Maat Josephine , Nieboer Daan , Moll Henriette , Gervaix Alain , Da Dalt Liviana , Mintegi Santiago , Bressan Silvia , Oostenbrink Rianne 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to explore the use of diagnostics for febrile children presenting to European emergency departments (EDs), the determinants of inter-hospital variation, and the association between test use and hospitalization. We performed a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional observational study involving 28 paediatric EDs from 11 countries. A total of 4560 children < 16 years were included, with fever as reason for consultation. We excluded neonates and children with relevant comorbidities. Our primary outcome was the proportion of children receiving testing after primary evaluation, by country and by focus of infection. Variability between hospitals and effects of blood testing on patient disposition were explored by multilevel regression analyses, adjusting for patient characteristics (age group, triage level, appearance, fever duration, focus of infection) and hospital type (academic, teaching, other). The use of routine diagnostics varied widely, mostly in the use of blood tests, ranging from 3 to 75% overall across hospitals. Age < 3 months, high-acuity triage level, ill appearance, and suspicion of urinary tract infection displayed the strongest association with blood testing (odds ratios (OR) of 8.71 (95% CI 5.23–14.53), 19.46 (3.66–103.60), 3.13 (2.29–4.26), 10.84 (6.35–18.50), respectively). Blood testing remained highly variable across hospitals (median OR of the final model 2.36, 1.98–3.54). A positive association was observed between blood testing and hospitalization (OR 13.62, 9.00–20.61).Conclusion: the use of diagnostics for febrile children was highly variable across European EDs, yet patient and hospital characteristics could only partly explain inter-hospital variability. Focus groups of participating sites should help define reasons for unexpected variation.

What is Known:• Although previous research has shown variation in the emergency department (ED) management of febrile children, there is limited information on the use of diagnostics in European EDs.• A deeper knowledge of variability and its determinants can steer optimization of care.

What is New:• The use of diagnostics for febrile children was highly variable across European EDs, yet patient and hospital characteristics could only partly explain inter-hospital variability.• Data on between-centre comparison offer opportunities to further explore factors influencing unwarranted variation.
How cunning is the puppet-master? Cestode-infected fish appear generally fearless
Authors: Svensson P. Andreas , Eghbal Ramin , Eriksson Ramona , Nilsson Emelie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTrophically transmitted parasites have life cycles that require the infected host to be eaten by the correct type of predator. Such parasites should benefit from an ability to suppress the host’s fear of predators, but if the manipulation is imprecise the consequence may be increased predation by non-hosts, to the detriment of the parasite. Three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) infected by the cestodeSchistocephalus solidusexpress reduced antipredator behaviours, but it is unknown whether this is an example of a highly precise manipulation, a more general manipulation, or if it can even be attributed to mere side effects of disease. In a series of experiments, we investigated several behaviours of infected and uninfected sticklebacks. As expected, they had weak responses to simulated predatory attacks compared to uninfected fish. However, our results suggest that the parasite induced a general fearlessness, rather than a precise manipulation aimed at the correct predators (birds). Infected fish had reduced responses also when attacked from the side and when exposed to odour from a fish predator, which is a “dead-end” for this parasite. We also tested whether the reduced anti-predator behaviours were mere symptoms of a decreased overall vigour, or due to parasite-induced hunger, but we found no support for these ideas. We propose that even imprecise manipulations of anti-predator behaviours may benefit parasites, for example, if other behaviours are altered in a way that increases the exposure to the correct predator.
Gene expression and epigenetic markers of prion diseases
Authors: Viré Emmanuelle A. , Mead Simon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEpigenetics, meaning the variety of mechanisms underpinning gene regulation and chromatin states, plays a key role in normal development as well as in disease initiation and progression. Epigenetic mechanisms like alteration of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs, have been proposed as biomarkers for diagnosis, classification, or monitoring of responsiveness to treatment in many diseases. In prion diseases, the profound associations with human aging, the effects of cell type and differentiation on in vitro susceptibility, and recently identified human risk factors, all implicate causal epigenetic mechanisms. Here, we review the current state of the art of epigenetics in prion diseases and its interaction with genetic determinants. In particular, we will review recent advances made by several groups in the field profiling DNA methylation and microRNA expression in mammalian prion diseases and the potential for these discoveries to be exploited as biomarkers.
A duality based 2-approximation algorithm for maximum agreement forest
Authors: Olver Neil , Schalekamp Frans , van der Ster Suzanne , Stougie Leen , van Zuylen Anke 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe give a 2-approximation algorithm for the Maximum Agreement Forest problem on two rooted binary trees. This NP-hard problem has been studied extensively in the past two decades, since it can be used to compute the rooted Subtree Prune-and-Regraft (rSPR) distance between two phylogenetic trees. Our algorithm is combinatorial and its running time is quadratic in the input size. To prove the approximation guarantee, we construct a feasible dual solution for a novel exponential-size linear programming formulation. In addition, we show this linear program has a smaller integrality gap than previously known formulations, and we give an equivalent compact formulation, showing that it can be solved in polynomial time.
p–Laplacian diffusion coupled to logistic reaction: asymptotic behavior as p goes to 1
Authors: Sabina de Lis José C. , Segura de León Sergio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis work discusses the limit aspgoes to 1 of solutions to problem$$\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\varDelta _p u = \lambda |{u}|^{{p}-2}{u} -|{u}|^{{q}-2}{u},&{} \qquad x\in \varOmega ,\\ \ u=0 &{}\qquad x\in \partial \varOmega , \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}$$-Δpu=λ|u|p-2u-|u|q-2u,x∈Ω,u=0x∈∂Ω,where$$\varOmega$$Ωis a bounded smooth domain of$${\mathbb {R}}^N$$RN,$$\lambda >0$$λ>0is a parameter and the exponentsp, qsatisfy$$1< p < q$$1<p<q. Our interest is focused on the radially symmetric case. We prove in this radial setting that solutions$$u_p$$upto (P) converge to a limituas$$p\rightarrow 1+$$p→1+. Moreover, the limit functionudefines a solution to the natural ‘limit problem’ which involves the 1–Laplacian operator. In addition, a precise description of the structure of the set of all possible solutions to such a problem is achieved. This is accomplished by means of the introduction of a suitable energy condition. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the profiles of all these solutions is also performed.
Impact of an educational tool on young women’s knowledge of cervical cancer screening recommendations
Authors: Thiel de Bocanegra Heike , Dehlendorf Christine , Kuppermann Miriam , Vangala Sitaram S. , Moscicki Anna-Barbara 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Current cervical cancer screening guidelines recommend 3-year screening intervals, in contrast to the previous recommendation of annual screening, to prevent over screening and overtreatment. We evaluated the impact of viewing a tablet-based educational tool prior to seeing a clinician on young women’s knowledge and understanding of cervical cancer screening, HPV vaccination follow-up of abnormal pap smears, and comfort in communicating with their providers.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was part of a cluster-randomized study of fourteen primary care clinics from January 2015 to December 2016. We developed the cervical cancer education tool in English and Spanish using a community-based approach that included formative work and cognitive interviewing. Clinics were randomized to use the intervention (tablet-based patient education tool) or to participate as a control group. We administered surveys to a convenience sample of 229 English- or Spanish-speaking women aged 19 to 35 years in these clinics. We used descriptive analyses and logistic regression models with cluster-robust standard errors to compare differences among the two groups.

Results
Compared to women seen in control clinics, women seen in intervention clinics demonstrated greater knowledge regarding human papilloma virus (HPV (p = 0.004) and understanding (p < 0.001) of cervical cancer screening. Comfort in communicating with providers was not statistically different (p = 0.053). Women in the intervention group felt that the tool helped them understand that an abnormal Pap smear does not require immediate treatment (61.5%).

Conclusion
Innovative online patient education that is offered prior to patients’ interaction with their clinicians can improve their knowledge about cervical cancer prevention and treatment.
Poly-guanidine shows high cytotoxicity in glioma cell cultures and glioma stem cells
Authors: Márquez Marcela , Olausson Karl Holmberg , Alaiya Ayodele , Nilsson Sten , Meurling Lennart , Holmberg Anders R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant CNS tumor with a poor prognosis. GBM shows aberrant glycosylation with hypersialylation. This property is a potential target for therapy. This study investigates the growth inhibitory efficacy of poly-guanidine (GuaDex), with an affinity for sialic acid (Sia). Glioma cell cultures and patient-derived glioma cell lines (PDGCLs) expressing Prominin-1 (CD133) were used. Human fibroblasts and astrocyte-derived cells were used as controls. Temozolomide (standard GBM drug, TMZ) and DMSO were used as a comparison. GuaDex at 1–10 µM concentrations, were incubated for 3.5–72 h and with PDGCLs cells for 6–24 h. The cytotoxicity was estimated with a fluorometric cytotoxicity assay (FMCA). Fluorescence-labelled GuaDex was used to study the cell interactions. Sia expression was confirmed with a fluorescence labelled Sia binding lectin. Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein was determined. GuaDex induction of growth inhibition was fast, showing after less than 5 min incubation while the control cells were not affected even after 50 min incubation. The growth inhibitory effect on PDGCLs spheroids was persistent still showing after 4 weeks post-treatment. The growth inhibition of GuaDex was induced at low µM concentrations while TMZ induced only a slight inhibition at mM concentrations. GuaDex efficacy appears significant and warrants further studies.
The kinesin Eg5 inhibitor K858 exerts antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects and attenuates the invasive potential of head and neck squamous carcinoma cells
Authors: Nicolai Alice , Taurone Samanta , Carradori Simone , Artico Marco , Greco Antonio , Costi Roberta , Scarpa Susanna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOur group recently demonstrated that K858, an inhibitor of motor kinesin Eg5, has important antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on breast cancer, prostatic cancer, melanoma and glioblastoma cells. Since high levels of kinesin Eg5 expression have been correlated with a poor prognosis in laryngeal carcinoma, we decided to test the anticancer activity of K858 toward this tumor, which belongs to the group of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). These cancers are characterized by low responsiveness to therapy. The effects of K858 on the proliferation and assembly of mitotic spindles of three human HNSCC cell lines were studied using cytotoxicity assays and immunofluorescence for tubulin. The effect of K858 on the cell cycle was analyzed by FACS. The expression levels of cyclin B1 and several markers of apoptosis and invasion were studied by Western blot. Finally, the negative regulation of the malignant phenotype by K858 was evaluated by an invasion assay. K858 inhibited cell replication by rendering cells incapable of developing normal bipolar mitotic spindles. At the same time, K858 blocked the cell cycle in the G2 phase and induced the accumulation of cytoplasmic cyclin B and, eventually, apoptosis. Additionally, K858 inhibited cell migration and attenuated the malignant phenotype. The data described confirm that kinesin Eg5 is an interesting target for new anticancer strategies and suggest that this compound may be a powerful tool for an alternative therapeutic approach to HNSCCs.
Using the problem based learning method and educational technologies to teach open data: A design-based research approach
Authors: Dermentzi Eleni , Zotou Maria , Tambouris Efthimios , Tarabanis Konstantinos 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith Open Data becoming more popular and more public bodies publishing their datasets, the need for educating prospective graduates on how they can use them has become prominent. This study examines the use of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) method and educational technologies to support the development of Open Data skills in university students. The study follows a Design Based Research approach and consists of three phases: a) examination of stakeholders’ needs, b) design of an Open Data module, and c) re-design of the module based on the outcomes of its first run. The data collected throughout the three phases come from various sources, namely interviews with practitioners, focus groups with students, and tutors’ reflection. The findings suggest that while the PBL method is suitable for Open Data education, special care should be taken to ensure that the potential of educational technologies is fully realised. The study concludes with design principles that aim to guide instructors on how they can incorporate the PBL method and digital tools into Open Data education effectively.
Work stress and loss of years lived without chronic disease: an 18-year follow-up of 1.5 million employees in Denmark
Authors: Sørensen Jeppe K. , Framke Elisabeth , Pedersen Jacob , Alexanderson Kristina , Bonde Jens P. , Farrants Kristin , Flachs Esben M. , Magnusson Hanson Linda L. , Nyberg Solja T. , Kivimäki Mika , Madsen Ida E. H. , Rugulies Reiner 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe aimed to examine the association between exposure to work stress and chronic disease incidence and loss of chronic disease-free life years in the Danish workforce. The study population included 1,592,491 employees, aged 30–59 in 2000 and without prevalent chronic diseases. We assessed work stress as the combination of job strain and effort-reward imbalance using job exposure matrices. We used Cox regressions to estimate risk of incident hospital-diagnoses or death of chronic diseases (i.e., type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, cancer, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, and dementia) during 18 years of follow-up and calculated corresponding chronic disease-free life expectancy from age 30 to age 75. Individuals working in occupations with high prevalence of work stress had a higher risk of incident chronic disease compared to those in occupations with low prevalence of work stress (women: HR 1.04 (95% CI 1.02–1.05), men: HR 1.12 (95% CI 1.11–1.14)). The corresponding loss in chronic disease-free life expectancy was 0.25 (95% CI − 0.10 to 0.60) and 0.84 (95% CI 0.56–1.11) years in women and men, respectively. Additional adjustment for health behaviours attenuated these associations among men. We conclude that men working in high-stress occupations have a small loss of years lived without chronic disease compared to men working in low-stress occupations. This finding appeared to be partially attributable to harmful health behaviours. In women, high work stress indicated a very small and statistically non-significant loss of years lived without chronic disease.
Dual-Polarised Radiometer for Road Surface Characterisation
Authors: Auriacombe Olivier , Vassilev Vessen , Pinel Nicolas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper presents measurements using a dual-polarised radiometer operating at 93 GHz to detect ice or water on asphalt in laboratory conditions. The brightness temperatures of bothHandVpolarizations were measured for a dry surface, liquid water, and ice on asphalt at observation angles of 50° and 56°. The results presented in this paper demonstrate that the studied road conditions can be identified by the radiometer. The measurements are compared with a model and surface parameters, such as dielectric constant and roughness are fitted and compared to reference values. The experiments and results, described in this article, are the first steps towards the future installation of a polarimetric sensor on a moving vehicle for traffic safety.
Convergence Rates of Monotone Schemes for Conservation Laws for Data with Unbounded Total Variation
Authors: Fjordholm Ulrik Skre , Lye Kjetil Olsen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe prove convergence rates of monotone schemes for conservation laws for Hölder continuous initial data with unbounded total variation, provided that the Hölder exponent of the initial data is greater than $$\nicefrac {1}{2}$$

1
2

. For strictly $${{\,\mathrm{Lip}\,}}^+$$

Lip

+

stable monotone schemes, we prove convergence for any positive Hölder exponent. Numerical experiments are presented which verify the theory.
Listen-and-repeat training in the learning of non-native consonant duration contrasts: influence of consonant type as reflected by MMN and behavioral methods
Authors: Saloranta Antti , Heikkola Leena Maria , Peltola Maija S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPhonological duration differences in quantity languages can be problematic for second language learners whose native language does not use duration contrastively. Recent studies have found improvement in the processing of non-native vowel duration contrasts with the use of listen-and-repeat training, and the current study explores the efficacy of similar methodology on consonant duration contrasts. 18 adult participants underwent two days of listen-and-repeat training with pseudoword stimuli containing either a sibilant or a stop consonant contrast. The results were examined with psychophysiological event-related potentials (mismatch negativity and P3), behavioral discrimination tests and a production task. The results revealed no training-related effects in the event-related potentials or the production task, but behavioral discrimination performance improved. Furthermore, differences emerged between the processing of the two consonant types. The findings suggest that stop consonants are processed more slowly than the sibilants, and the findings are discussed with regard to possible segmentation difficulties.
Change in beta diversity of riverine fish during and after supra-seasonal drought
Authors: Rolls Robert J. , Chessman Bruce C. , Heino Jani , Wolfenden Ben , Thurtell Lisa A. , Cheshire Katherine J. M. , Ryan David , Butler Gavin , Growns Ivor , Curwen Graeme 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Context
A core theme in ecohydrology is understanding how hydrology affects spatial variation in the composition of species assemblages (i.e., beta diversity). However, most empirical evidence is from research in upland rivers spanning small spatial extents. Relatively little is known of the consequences of hydrological variation for beta diversity across multiple spatial scales in lowland rivers.

Objectives
We sought to examine how spatial variation in hydrology and fish beta diversity within and among rivers changed over time in response to intensification and cessation of hydrological drought.

Methods
We used monitoring data of fish assemblages, coupled with hydrological and biophysical data, to test how spatial variation in hydrology and multiple components of fish beta diversity in lowland rivers of the Murray—Darling Basin (Australia) varied across spatial scales during contrasting hydrological phases.

Results
Spatial variation in hydrology among rivers declined with increasing duration of drought before increasing during a return to above-average flows. Spatial variation in hydrology within rivers did not show consistent changes between hydrological phases. Beta diversity among and within rivers showed variable, river-specific changes among hydrological phases for both incidence- and abundance-based components of assemblage composition.

Conclusions
Inconsistent hydrology—beta diversity patterns found here suggest that mechanisms and outcomes of drought and flooding impacts to beta diversity are context-dependent and not broadly generalisable. Our findings indicate that hydrological fluctuations occurring in the Murray—Darling Basin in the period analysed here did not cause significant or consistent homogenisation or differentiation of freshwater fish assemblages.