bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced sensitivity of commercial Spike-specific antibody assays after primary infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant
Authors: Springer David Niklas , Perkmann Thomas , Jani Claudia , Mucher Patrick , Prüger Katja , Marculescu Rodrig , Reuberger Elisabeth , Camp Jeremy Vann , Graninger Marianne , Borsodi Christian , Deutsch Josef , Lammel Oliver , Aberle Stephan Walter , Puchhammer-Stöckl Elisabeth , Haslacher Helmuth , Höltl Eva , Aberle Judith Helene , Stiasny Karin , Weseslindtner Lukas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is characterized by substantial changes in the antigenic structure of the Spike (S) protein. Therefore, antibodies induced by primary Omicron infection lack neutralizing activity against earlier variants. In this study, we analyzed whether these antigenic changes impact the sensitivity of commercial anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays. Sera from 37 unvaccinated, convalescent individuals after putative primary Omicron infection were tested with a panel of 20 commercial anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays. As controls, we used samples from 43 individuals after primary infection with the SARS-CoV-2 ancestral wildtype strain. In addition, variant-specific live-virus neutralization assays were used as a reference for the presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in the samples. Notably, in Omicron convalescents, there was a statistically significant reduction in the sensitivity of all antibody assays containing S or its receptor-binding-domain (RBD) as antigens. Furthermore, antibody levels quantified by these assays displayed a weaker correlation with Omicron-specific neutralizing antibody titers than with those against the wildtype. In contrast, the sensitivity of nucleocapsid-protein-specific immunoassays was similar in wildtype and Omicron-infected subjects. In summary, the antigenic changes in the Omicron S lead to reduced immunoreactivity in the current commercial S- and RBD-specific antibody assays, impairing their diagnostic performance. Importance This study demonstrates that the antigenic changes of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant affect test results from commercial Spike- and RBD-specific antibody assays, significantly diminishing their sensitivities and diagnostic abilities to assess neutralizing antibodies.
A 4-factor perspective of the Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS): A deeper understanding of patient-centeredness
Authors: Jiang Yinan , Wei Jing , Shi Lili , Cao Jinya , Zhu Boheng , Hong Xia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Although patient-centered medical services are widely recognized and accepted, how to define and evaluate them remains controversial. Objectives: This study attempts to evaluate the underlying structure of PPOS with a homogenous population and clarify the connotation of patient-centeredness. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 279 Chinese medical students in grade 7 were selected to examine the internal structure of PPOS by means of internal consistency, exploratory factor, and confirmatory factor analyses. Results: Both the two-factor model and the four-factor model showed acceptable internal consistency and structural validity. The four-factor model that endorsed the implicit attitude towards doctor-patient relationship outperformed the two-factor model in terms of adaptability. Conclusions: PPOS has good psychometric attributes in Chinese medical students, and the patient-centered evaluation should pay more attention to the implicit attitude towards doctor-patient relationship. Practice implications: Understanding the underlying attitudes towards doctor-patient relationship can help to construct a patient-centered medical service concept and improve doctor-patient relationship in the course setting of medical education and the system design of medical activities.
Computational Intelligence Approach to Improve the Classification Accuracy of Brain Neoplasm in MRI Data
Authors: Sinhababu Nilanjan , Samanta Ananya , Samanta Debasis 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Of late, in many medical diagnostic applications, automatic detection of brain neoplasm in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data is gaining importance. This report presents two improvements for brain neoplasm detection in MRI data: 1) an advanced preprocessing technique to accurately identify the region of interest in MRI data and 2) a hybrid technique using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for feature extraction followed by modified Support Vector Machine (SVM) for classification. Toward the advanced preprocessing, contour calibration, Sobel edge detection and contrast optimization, which were ignored in the existing works have been investigated in this work. The autoencoder of CNN model has been used to extract the feature automatically in contrast to the manually defined feature as in the conventional techniques. The learning algorithm for SVM is modified with the addition of a cost function to minimize the false positive prediction addressing the errors in MRI data diagnosis. The proposed approach efficiently detects the presence of neoplasm and also predict whether it is malignant or benign. To check the effectiveness of the proposed preprocessing technique, it was inspected visually and then evaluated using the performance of prediction accuracy. A comparison study between the proposed classification technique and the existing techniques was performed. The result showed that the proposed approach outperformed in terms of accuracy and can handle errors in classification better than the existing approaches.
Agreement between a mobile applet-based visual acuity self-test program and the conventional method for distance and near visual acuity test
Authors: Xian Yiyong , Ye Yuhao , Liu Fang , Zhou Xingtao , Zhao Jing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
PURPOSE: To investigate the agreement between a mobile applet-based visual acuity (VA) self-test program and the conventional VA tests.METHODS: This consecutive case series study included 121 children and adults (242 eyes). Patients were classified into three groups according to age (children, adolescents, and adults). They underwent uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) testing, distance visual acuity with frame spectacle (DVA with FS) testing at 2.5-m distance, uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA) testing, and near visual acuity with frame spectacle (NVA with FS) testing at a 0.4-m distance using a mobile applet-based VA self-test program and conventional VA tests in two eyes. RESULTS: Correlations among UDVA, DVA with FS, UNVA, and NVA with FS between the two methods were significant in all subjects (all P<0.001). The intraclass correlation coefficient were 0.960. 0.845, 0.960, and 0.669, respectively (all P<0.001). The proportions of bias outside the 95% confidence interval limit of agreements were 6.20%, 4.82%, 7.08%, and 6.10%, respectively. There were significant differences in NVA with FS between the two methods (P<0.05) in the adolescent group, but no differences in measured parameters were found among children and adult groups.CONCLUSIONS: There is good agreement between the mobile applet-based VA self-test program and the conventional VA tests. The VA self-test has good practical value especially in the current pandemic, allowing self-screening of visual acuity, myopia control, and remote management of visual impairment in oculopathy.
Hypercholesterolemia promotes the intravasation of breast tumor cells through an LDL-LDLR axis
Authors: Magalhães Ana , Cesário Vanessa , Coutinho Diogo , Matias Inês , Domingues Germana , Pinheiro Catarina , Serafim Teresa , Dias Sérgio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Majority of metastasis in breast cancer occur via the dissemination of tumor cells through the bloodstream. How tumor cells enter the blood (intravasation) is, however, a poorly understood mechanism at the cellular and molecular levels. Particularly uncharacterized is how intravasation is affected by systemic factors. High levels of systemic LDL-cholesterol have been shown to contribute to breast cancer progression and metastasis in various models, but the mechanisms involved are still undisclosed. Here we show that a high cholesterol diet promotes intravasation in two mouse models of breast cancer and that this could be reverted by blocking LDL binding to LDLR in tumor cells. Moreover, we show that LDL promotes vascular invasion in vitro and a phenotypic change resembling VM, and augments the expression of Serpine2, previously shown to be required for both VM and intravasation. Finally, we show that blocking the binding of LDL to LDLR on tumor cells prevents the increase in lung metastasis promoted by a high cholesterol diet. Overall, our manuscript unravels novel mechanisms by which systemic hypercholesterolemia may affect the onset of metastatic breast cancer by favoring phenotypic changes in breast cancer cells and increasing intravasation.
P53 transcribes GSDMD to induce delayed pyroptosis in radiation-induced intestinal injury
Authors: Liu Tingting , Dong Suhe , Lin Yuhan , Liu Ruling , Yang Yajie , Yao Liuhuan , Du Jicong , Gao Fu , Liu Cong , Hu Hao , Liu Hu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) is an important cause of death in nuclear accidents and common complication after radiotherapy in patients with pelvic, abdominal, or retroperitoneal tumors. Up to now there is no effective means to prevent or treat RIII due to its complex mechanism, in which the death of intestinal cells is the main reason. Recently, GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis was identified as an important type of cell death and play a role in many diseases. However, the effect of pyroptosis on RIII is still unclear.
Method
using GSDMD knockout mice, the role of pyroptosis in the RIII was investigated. By detecting the release of LDH, expression of GSDMD, Caspase-11, Caspase-1 and absorption rate of SYTOX Green, the pyroptosis of radiated Mode-k cells was determined, simultaneously the common pyroptosis induced by LPS was conducted as positive control. Further, the upstream of GSDMD were screened by predictive analysis of transcription factors combing RNA-seq.
Results
we showed that GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis is involved in the process of RIII, and unexpectedly found that radiation induced a delayed pyroptosis that is substantially different from common pyroptosis induced by such as LPS. Further investigation revealed that radiation-induced DNA damage up-regulated the expression of P53, which subsequently transcribes GSDMD. In addition, the up-regulated GSDMD led to pyroptosis simultaneously promoting Ca2+ influx that afterwards enhanced apoptosis induced by radiation. Finally, targeting GSDMD, disulfiram displayed a potential protection for RIII.
Conclusion
radiation could induce delayed pyroptosis in the intestinal epithelial cell that is greatly different from common pyroptosis. During that process, GSDMD was cleaved and had inducible high expression which was mainly mediated by P53 transcription.
The role of farm subsidies in changing India’s water footprint
Authors: Chatterjee Shoumitro , Lamba Rohit , Zaveri Esha 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Dwindling groundwater supplies threaten food security and livelihoods. Farm subsidies which distort production decisions are an ubiquitous agricultural policy tool, yet their contribution to growing groundwater stress remains poorly quantified. Here we show how output subsidies that guarantee purchase of crops at higher than market prices have contributed substantially towards declining water tables in India. Overall, these policies have led to a 30% over-production of water intensive crops. In the northwestern state of Punjab, rice procurement accounts for 63% of the rise in groundwater declines over two decades. In the central state of Madhya Pradesh, wheat procurement adopted in the late 2000s has driven a 5.3 percentage point increase in dry wells and a consequent 3.4 percentage point increase in deep tubewells. The results demonstrate how well intentioned but poorly designed subsidies can impose harmful externalities on the environment and undermine long-term sustainable development.
Blood plasma high-density lipoprotein remodeling as a reserve mechanism for goldfish adaptation to critical salinity conditions
Authors: Andreeva Alla , Lamash Nina , Martemyanov V.I. , Vasiliev A.S. , Toropygin I.Yu. , Garina D.V. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In goldfish Carassius auratus acclimated under critical salinity conditions (CS, 11.5 g kg -1 ), the concentrations of cortisol, glucose, Na + in the blood plasma increased significantly, also large β - HDL particles decomposed into small α- ones with a higher negative charge and a smaller number of apolipoproteins molecules in 1 particle composition. Particles remodeling led to ~1.5-2-fold increase in their number per unit plasma volume. Taking into account that under CS conditions the contribution of organic osmolytes to plasma osmolality increased by ~2%, and the content of the bound water fraction in plasma increased by ~4 times, we assumed that goldfish have a “reserve” mechanism for maintaining homeostasis: when the possibilities of increasing the concentration of Na + and organic metabolites in plasma are limited, remodeling of HDL particles and an increase in their amount in plasma can help to maintain its hyperosmotic status and additional influx of water into the body.
Analyses on safety and efficacy of nonstandard dose of r-tPA in intravenous thrombolysis treated AIS patients
Authors: Yuan Jiawen , Wu Ruxing , Xiang Jingyan , Deng Jiangshan , Zhang Xiaojie , Lu Kaili , Cao Fengya , Zhao Fei , Zhao Yuwu , WANG FENG 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background The widely recommended standard dose of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(r-tPA) is 0.9mg/kg. Practically, the dose of r-tPA is still a topic that is constantly being discussed.Methods For this observational study, data were obtained from 537 patients who received r-tPA thrombolysis in Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital stroke center in five years (2014-2019). Patients were divided into two groups: nonstandard dose group (0.6mg/kg ≤ dose < 0.9mg/kg) and standard dose group (0.9mg/kg). Different outcomes were observed: efficacy: 3 months mRS 0-1 (3m-mRS0-1); safety: symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within 24 hours (24h-sICH) and 3 months mortality (3m-death). We also observed the effect of r-tPA dose coefficient on outcomes in different age and baseline National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score subgroups. Results There are 265 patients given standard dose treatment, and 272 given nonstandard dose. There was no significant difference between non-standard dose group and standard dose group in 3m-mRS0-1, 3m-death and 24h-sICH (p=0.567, 0.327 and 0.415 respectively). The dose coefficient present a significant negative correlation (p=0.034, B=-4.290) with 3m-death in NIHSS <16 sub-group. Door to needle time (DNT) is the most important independent outcome-influential factor (MIOIF) in NIHSS ≥16 sub-group. The diabetes history and baseline NIHSS were the MIOIF in the age ≥80 year sub-group.Conclusions The non-standard dose group was as safe and effective as the standard dose group in our study. While, in NIHSS<16 group, lower doses seemed to be relative to 3m-death. Therefore, the standard dose should still be the first choice in r-tPA treated AIS patients.
Analysis of the efficacy of LNSRH for early cervical cancer based on T, B and NK lymphocytes
Authors: He Lijie , Ma Liangliang , Zhang Heping 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective The analysis is based on the analysis of T, B, NK lymphocytes to analyze the efficacy of LNSRH surgery in the treatment of early cervical cancer. Methods This article selected 30 patients with early cervical cancer who underwent LNSRH surgery in our hospital from December 2019 to January 2021 as the cervical cancer group, and 30 healthy women who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. The expressions of CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, and CD57+ were detected by flow cytometry, FSFI, FACT-G scores were used to evaluate female sexual function and quality of life, and the receiver characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the expression of CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, and CD57+ in LNSRH surgery The predictive value of curative effect in the treatment of early cervical cancer. Results The expression of CD4+ and CD57+ in the cervical cancer group was lower than that in the healthy group, and the expression of CD8+ and CD20+ was higher than that in the healthy group (P<0.05). Compared with preoperatively, the expression of CD4+ and CD57+ was higher after operation, and the expression of CD8+ and CD20+ was lower (P<0.05); compared with 1 day after operation, the expression of CD4+ and CD57+ was higher at 3d postoperatively, and the expression of CD8+ and CD20+ was lower (P<0.05). CD4+, CD57+ expression was positively correlated with FSFI score, CD8+, CD20+ expression was negatively correlated with FSFI score, CD4+, CD57+ expression was positively correlated with FACT-G score, and CD8+, CD20+ expression was negatively correlated with FACT-G score (P<0.05) . ROC analysis of CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, CD57+ expression sensitivity was lower than the four-item combination, and the specificity was higher than the four-item combination, with statistical difference (P<0.05). The four combined tests have good predictive value for the efficacy of LNSRH surgery in the treatment of early cervical cancer (P＜0.05). Conclusion Cervical cancer patients are mainly cellular immunity. Cervical cancer patients have low expression of CD4+, high expression of CD8+, high expression of CD20+, and low expression of CD57+. T, B, and NK lymphocytes can be used for immunological detection of cervical cancer.
Direct anterior versus posteriorlateral approachs for clinical outcomes after total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of severe DDH
Authors: Lan Yiping , Lin Bei , Feng Eryou , Lu Zhiming , Lin Feitai , Weng Yan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The total hip arthroplasty (THA) has gained popularity in in the treatment of severe developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH).the posterior lateral approach (PLA) has good clinical efficacy and has been confirmed by the majority clinicians.Nevertheless, controversy exists regarding longer-term benefits of the direct anterior approach(DAA) .The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy and placement of S-ROM prosthesis in the treatment of severe DDH by The total hip arthroplasty (THA) with different surgical approaches.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on 41 patients with severe DDH admitted to our hospital from August 2015 to February 2022, who were treated with S-ROM prosthesis for total hip arthroplasty and subtrochanteric osteotomy of the femur. They were divided into DAA group and PLA group according to different surgical approaches. Perioperative indicators and imaging data were collected.
Results
The surgery time,intraoperative blood loss, and creatine kinase difference in DAA group and PLA group was without a statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). The postoperative length of hospitalization was shorter in the DAA group than in the PLA group (6.50 ± 3.15 vs 9.18 ± 4.93,P = 0.045).The acetabular abduction angles、the acetabular anteversion angles, the safe area ratio, The difference of femoral eccentricity, and the vertical difference of ofrotation center in DAA group and PLA group, there was no statistical significance (P > 0.05).Statistically signifificant differences were detected the horizontal difference of ofrotation center(P = 0.044).
Conclusions
Total hip arthroplasty with S-ROM prosthesis is a feasible procedure for severe dysplastic DDH. The clinical efficacy and prosthesis placement parameters of DAA approach are advanctage to those of PLA approach.
Inflammation-based Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio(NLR) as a Prognostic Biomarker for Patients With High-Risk Neuroblastoma
Authors: Qi Can , Wang Le , Zhou Yun , Niu Huizhong , Chen Zhiguo , Duan Guochen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been proven to be a prognostic biomarker in many malignancies. However, the prognostic significance of NLR in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma has not been reported. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between NLR and prognosis of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma.Methods: We retrospectively analysed a cohort of 41 patients with high-risk neuroblastoma between January 2011 and December 2020. The optimal cut-off points of prognostic biomarkers were determined by drawing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. According to the cut-off value, the patients were divided into low NLR group and high NLR group. The chi-square test was used to compare the clinicopathological parameters between the two NLR groups. The prognostic value of NLR was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier and univariable and multivariable Cox models.Results: Patients with high NLR were significantly related to poorer clinical characteristics and survival rate in high-risk subgroup neuroblastoma. In the univariate and multivariate Cox analyses, high NLR was an independent prognostic factor for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (hazard ratio (HR) 5.066, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.303-19.699, P=0.019 ).Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that NLR was an independent prognostic biomarker for high-risk neuroblastoma. As NLR is easily calculated by widely available tests without additional costs, it can help guide subsequent therapeutic strategies for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma.