bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disparities in Stroke Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Between Healthcare Systems in Brazil
Authors: Martins Sheila Cristina Ouriques , Borelli Wyllians Vendramini , Secchi Thais Leite , Mantovani Gabriel Paulo , Pille Arthur , Mora Cuervo Daissy Liliana , Carbonera Leonardo Augusto , Souza Ana Claudia de , Martins Magda Carla Ouriques , Brondani Rosane , Almeida Andrea Garcia de , Dal Pizzol Angélica , Santos Franciele Pereira dos , Alves Ana Claudia , Meier Nathalia Soares , Andrade Guilherme Pamplona Bueno , Maciel Pedro Angst , Weber Alexandre , Machado Gustavo Dariva , Parrini Mohamed , Nasi Luiz Antonio 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionAcute stroke interventions, such as stroke units and reperfusion therapy, have the potential to improve outcomes. However, there are many disparities in patient characteristics and access to the best stroke care. Thus, we aim to compare patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) after stroke in two stroke centers representing the public and private healthcare systems in Brazil.MethodsPROMs through the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measures (ICHOM) were assessed at 90 days after the stroke to compare two Brazilian hospitals in southern Brazil: a public university and a private stroke center, both with stroke protocols and stroke units.ResultsWhen compared with the private setting (n = 165), patients from the public hospital (n = 175) were younger, had poorer control of risk factors, had more frequent previous strokes, and arrived with more severe strokes. Both hospitals had a similar percentage of IV thrombolysis treatment. Only 5 patients received mechanical thrombectomy (MT), all in the private hospital. Public hospital patients presented significantly worse outcomes at 3 months, including worse quality of life and functional dependence (60 vs. 48%, p = 0.03). Poor outcome, as measured by the mRS score, was significantly associated with older age, higher NIHSS score, and the presence of heart failure. However, the public practice was a strong predictor of any self-reported disability.ConclusionPatients assisted at a good quality public stroke center with the same protocol used in the private hospital presented worse disability as measured by mRS and patient-reported outcome measures, with greater inability to communicate, dress, toilet, feed, and walk.
Pulmonary Valve Replacement in Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot: Midterm Impact on Biventricular Response and Adverse Clinical Outcomes
Authors: He Fengpu , Feng Zicong , Yuan Jianhui , Ma Kai , Yang Keming , Lu Minjie , Zhang Sen , Li Shoujun 
Published: May 2022

Background:Pulmonary regurgitation (PR), though well tolerated for short term in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF), could lead to right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Pulmonary valve replacement (PVR), considered as the gold-standard treatment for PR, is performed to mitigate these late effects. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the midterm outcomes and predictors of adverse clinical outcomes (ACO).MethodsFrom May 2014 to December 2017, 42 patients with rTOF undergoing surgical or transcatheter PVR in our department were retrospectively included. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance was performed before PVR (pre-PVR), early after PVR (early post-PVR), and midterm after PVR (midterm post-PVR). Medical history and individual data were collected from medical records. ACO included all-cause death, new-onset arrhythmia, prosthetic valve failure, and repeat PVR.ResultsThe median follow-up duration was 4.7 years. PVR was performed at a median age of 21.6 years. There was no early or late death. Freedom from ACO at 3 and 5 years was 88.1 ± 5% and 58.2 ± 9%, respectively. RV end-diastolic volume index (RVEDVI) and end-systolic volume index (RVESVI) significantly reduced early after PVR and further decreased by midterm follow-up (pre-PVR vs. early post-PVR vs. midterm post-PVR: RVEDVI, 155.2 ± 34.7 vs. 103.8 ± 31.2 vs. 95.1 ± 28.6 ml/m2, p &lt; 0.001; RVESVI, 102.9 ± 28.5 vs. 65.4 ± 28.2 vs. 57.7 ± 23.4 ml/m2, p &lt; 0.001). Multivariable analysis revealed that the occurrence of ACO was significantly increased in patients with lower left ventricular end-systolic volume index.ConclusionsA significant reduction of RV volume occurred early after PVR, followed by a further improvement of biventricular function by midterm follow-up. The midterm freedom from ACO was favorable.
Ambient Temperature Is Correlated With the Severity of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury via Microglial Accumulation in Mice
Authors: Zen Rika , Terashima Tomoya , Tsuji Shunichiro , Katagi Miwako , Ohashi Natsuko , Nobuta Yuri , Higuchi Asuka , Kanai Hirohiko , Murakami Takashi , Kojima Hideto 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe pathophysiology of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) has been studied in several rodent models to develop novel treatments. Although it is well known that high ambient temperature results in severe HIE, the effect of subtle changes in ambient temperature during a hypoxic-ischemic (HI) insult has not been studied. Therefore, in order to clarify the difference of pathophysiological change among the HIE models due to the influence of small changes in chamber temperature, three-step gradual change of 0.5°C each were prepared in ambient temperature during hypoxic exposure.MethodsBlood flow in the left common carotid artery (CCA) of neonatal mice was interrupted using bipolar electronic forceps under general and local anesthesia. The mice were subsequently subjected to 10% hypoxic exposure for 50 min at 36.0, 36.5, or 37.0°C. A control group was also included in the study. The size of the striatum and hippocampus and the volume reduction rate of the hemisphere in the section containing them on the ischemic side were evaluated using microtubule associated protein 2 (MAP2) immunostaining. The accumulation of Iba1-positive cells was investigated to assess inflammation. Additionally, rotarod and open-field tests were performed 2 weeks after HI insult to assess its effect on physiological conditions.ResultsMAP2 staining revealed that the higher the temperature during hypoxia, the more severe the volume reduction rate in the hemisphere, striatum, and hippocampus. The number of Iba1-positive cells in the ipsilateral lesion gradually increased with increasing temperature, and there was a significant difference in motor function in the 36.5 and 37.0°C groups compared with the sham group. In the open-field tests, there was a significant decrease in performance in the 37.0°C groups compared with the 36.0°C and sham groups.ConclusionsEven a small gradual change of 0.5°C produced a significant difference in pathological and behavioral changes and contributed to the accumulation of Iba1-positive cells. The arrangement of ambient temperature is useful for creating a rodent model with the appropriate severity of the targeted neuropsychological symptoms to establish a novel therapy for HIE.
The Clinical Utility of the Adolescent and Young Adult Psycho-Oncology Screening Tool (AYA-POST): Perspectives of AYA Cancer Patients and Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Patterson Pandora , McDonald Fiona E. J. , Allison Kimberley R. , Bibby Helen , Osborn Michael , Matthews Karen , Sansom-Daly Ursula M. , Thompson Kate , Plaster Meg , Anazodo Antoinette 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveRoutine psychosocial screening and assessment of people diagnosed with cancer are crucial to the timely detection of distress and provision of tailored supportive care; however, appropriate screening tools have been lacking for adolescents and young adults (AYAs), who have unique needs and experiences. One exception is the recently validated AYA Psycho-Oncology Screening Tool (AYA-POST) for use with young people aged 15–29 years, which comprises a distress thermometer and age-specific needs assessment. This study investigates the clinical utility of this measure, as well as the subsequent service responsiveness within the Australian Youth Cancer Services.MethodIn total, 118 AYAs and 29 healthcare professionals: (HCPs) completed surveys about the clinical utility of the AYA-POST; a subset of 30 AYAs completed a 3-month follow-up survey assessing service responsiveness. Descriptive statistics (frequencies/means) were computed for all items, with chi-square analyses used to explore whether perceived clinical utility varied with AYA age, AYA sex, HCP discipline or HCP length of time using the AYA-POST.ResultsParticipants’ responses demonstrate high levels of satisfaction with the tool, evidencing its appropriateness, practicability and acceptability. Moreover, the AYA-POST was reported to facilitate communication about psychosocial needs and prompt referrals, indicating good service responsiveness. Ratings of clinical utility did not differ significantly between AYA and HCP groups.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the AYA-POST is an appropriate tool in the psychosocial screening of AYAs with cancer, facilitating the identification of distress and unique concerns in this population and valuable in triaging and tailoring care for young cancer patients.
Selected Aspects of the Mental Functioning of Women After Childbirth in a Hospital During a Pandemic
Authors: Kułak-Bejda Agnieszka , Malinowska-Gleń Maryla , Bejda Grzegorz , Slifirczyk Anna , Waszkiewicz Napoleon 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic is stressful for pregnant women, their families, and their unborn baby.Aim of the StudyThe study aimed to assess the impact of a pandemic on the mental state of women after childbirth.Material and MethodsThe study included 363 women hospitalized after delivery. The study used a diagnostic survey method using the proprietary questionnaire and the Family Affluence Scale (FAS), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS), The Basic Hope Inventory (BHI-12), and General Self Efficacy Scale (GSES).ResultsSuspicion of postpartum depression was found in 109 women (mean: 15.28 ± 2.22)—group I, and no suspicion of it in 254 subjects (mean: 6.03 ± 2.63)—group II. Mean values of the sense of loneliness in group I (27.11 ± 6.00) were higher than in group II (21.35 ± 7.02), and the basic hope—BHI-12, in group I—lower (27.92 ± 5.14) than in group II (31.75 ± 4.97). In the Generalized Own Efficacy Scale, the group I obtained lower mean values (28.07 ± 4.86 points and 5.87 ± 1.96 points) than group II (30.97 ± 3.77 points and 6.02 ± 1 points, 38 sten).ConclusionsAs much as 30% of the respondents showed a risk of postpartum depression. The most felt was the limitation of family visits during the hospital stay. In addition, the respondents were most concerned about the child's health in both groups. The feeling of loneliness in group I was higher, and basic hope and generalized self-efficacy were lower than in group II. The differences between these relationships were statistically significant.
Migration, Schizophrenia, and Crime: A Study From a Forensic Psychiatric Sample
Authors: He Yong , Gu Yan , Wang Shujian , Li Yan , Li Gangqin , Hu Zeqing 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe association between mental health problems and crime in immigrants has attracted recent academic interest, with results suggesting that there were possible interactions between immigration, schizophrenia, and criminal behavior. However, very few studies have examined these interactions, especially in developing countries that have mass internal immigration. Therefore, this study sought to identify the associations between the sociodemographic, clinical, and criminal factors in migrants and non-migrants with schizophrenia who had been involved in criminal activities in China.MethodsForensic archives of suspects who had been referred for criminal responsibility assessments in the Sichuan West China Forensic Center from January 2015 to December 2019 were reviewed. The sociodemographic, and criminal activity information of the suspects were extracted, while the clinical and social function were measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS) based on the archives. A Chi-squared test, a T-test, a Mann-Whitney U test, and Multinomial logistic regression were employed for the statistical analysis.ResultsA total of 552 patients were reviewed and evaluated, 17.2% (n = 95) of which were migrants. The migrant patient group was younger than the non-migrant patient group. The BPRS and SDSS scores for the migrant patient group were lower than for the non-migrant patient group. The migrant patient group had more work experience and more had been employed at the time of the crime than the non-migrant patient group. The unemployed migrant patients were more likely to commit a property-related crime.ConclusionsCompared to the non-migrant schizophrenia patient group, the migrant patient group had less severe psychiatric symptoms and less social function impairments. Employment was an important factor in preventing criminality in patients with schizophrenia, especially for migrant patients. Vocational rehabilitation focuses on developing appropriate employment that can significantly assist in schizophrenia patient recovery, which in turn could reduce their chances of committing crime. Besides, reducing other obstacles to stigma, housing and health insurance would also be beneficial to crime reduction.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Nursing Home Staff Regarding Physical Restraint in China: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study
Authors: Li Yaqin , Wang YaWen , Gu Yechun , Gong Daqiang , Jiang Sisi , Li Jufang , Xu Hongbo 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundRestraint is widely used in nursing homes to address safety concerns. However, many studies have shown that improper restraint can lead to many adverse outcomes. Nursing staff are the main practitioners of physical restraint in nursing homes and play an important role in restraint decision-making and management. In China, there is still a lack of large-scale surveys on the current situation regarding the use of restraint. This study aimed to identify this situation and the influencing factors of the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nursing staff regarding physical restraint in elderly care institutions.MethodsA cross-sectional multicenter descriptive study was conducted. A total of 311 staff in 25 elderly care institutions in Zhejiang Province were recruited using a quota sampling method. A homemade questionnaire was administered to collect general information and information on knowledge, attitude and practice regarding physical restraint.ResultsThe average scoring rates of the knowledge and attitude dimensions of the 311 staff were 48.7 and 75.6%, respectively. The average scoring rate of the practice dimension of 140 staff who implemented restraint was 80.1%. Educational background and training experience were the influencing factors of restraint knowledge. Training experience, educational background and professional title were the influencing factors of restraint attitude. Restraint knowledge and length of service were the influencing factors of restraint practice.ConclusionsKnowledge of physical restraint among nursing staff is not promising. Their attitude toward restraint was inappropriate or irresponsible in some aspects. Restraint practice is not sufficiently standardized. It is necessary to strengthen restraint training for nursing staff to improve their overall level of restraint knowledge, attitude and practice.
The Economic Burden of Hospital Costs on Families With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Children: The Role of Medical Insurance in Shandong Province, China
Authors: Wang Siyuan , Guo Yawei , Maitland Elizabeth , Nicholas Stephen , Sun Jingjie , Leng Anli 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveThis study estimates the economic burden imposed on families by comparing the hospitalization costs of T1DM children with and without medical insurance in Shandong province.MethodsOur data comprised 1,348 T1DM inpatient records of patients aged 18 years or younger from the hospitalization information system of 297 general hospitals in 6 urban districts of Shandong Province. Descriptive statistics are presented and regression analyses were conducted to explore the factors associated with hospitalization costs.ResultsChildren with medical insurance had on average total hospitalization expenditures of RMB5,833.48 (US$824.02) and a hospitalization stay of 7.49 days, compared with the children without medical insurance who had lower hospitalization expenditures of RMB4,021.45 (US$568.06) and an average stay of 6.05 days. Out-of-pocket expenses for insured children were RMB3,036.22 (US$428.89), which is significantly lower than that of the uninsured children (P &lt; 0.01). Out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures accounted for 6% of the annual household income of insured middle-income families, but rose to a significant 25% of the annual income for low-income families. These OOP expenditures imposed a heavy economic burden on families, with some families experiencing long-term financial distress. Both insured and uninsured families, especially low-income families, could be tipped into poverty by hospitalization costs.ConclusionHospitalization costs imposed a significant economic burden on families with children with T1DM, especially low-income insured and uninsured families. The significantly higher hospitalization expenses of insured T1DM children, such as longer hospitalization stays, more expensive treatments and more drugs, may reflect both excess treatment demands by parents and over-servicing by hospitals; lower OOP expenses for uninsured children may reflect uninsured children from low-income families forgoing appropriate medical treatment. Hospital insurance reform is recommended.
Sex-Related Differences in the Immune Response to Meningococcal Vaccinations During Adolescence
Authors: Ohm Milou , Boef Anna G. C. , Stoof Susanne P. , van Ravenhorst Mariëtte B. , van der Klis Fiona R. M. , Berbers Guy A. M. , Knol Mirjam J. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundImmune responses to pediatric vaccinations have been reported to differ according to sex. Such sex-differential responses may become more pronounced during adolescence due to hormonal differences. We investigated whether the vaccine response following primary vaccination against meningococcal serogroup A (MenA), MenW and MenY and booster vaccination against MenC differed between girls and boys using data from two clinical studies.MethodsChildren aged 10, 12, and 15 years, who had been primed with MenC vaccination between 14 months and 6 years of age, received a booster MenC vaccination or MenACWY vaccination. Polysaccharide-specific IgG concentrations and functional antibody titers [determined with the serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) assay] were measured at baseline, 1 month, 1 year, and 3 years (only MenC group) after vaccination. We calculated geometric mean concentrations and titers (GMC and GMT) ratios for girls vs. boys adjusted for age group. Additionally, we compared the proportion protected individuals between girls and boys at all timepoints.ResultsThis study included 342 girls and 327 boys from two clinical trials. While MenAWY antibody levels did not differ consistently 1 month after vaccination, all GMC- and GMT-ratios were in favor of girls 1 year after vaccination [range: 1.31 (1.02–1.70) for MenA IgG to 1.54 (1.10–2.16) for MenW IgG]. Overall, MenC antibody levels were slightly higher in girls at all postvaccination timepoints (GMC- and GMT-ratios: 1.16/1.17 at 1 month, 1.16/1.22 at 1 year and 1.12/1.15 3 years postvaccination). Higher MenC antibody levels were observed in 12- and 15-year-old girls compared to boys of the same age, whereas 10-year-old boys and girls had similar antibody levels. The percentage of participants protected (SBA titer ≥ 8) was very high (95–100%) at all timepoints, and did not differ significantly between boys and girls.ConclusionAntibody responses were higher in girls than in boys for all serogroups at most timepoints after primary MenAWY vaccination and booster MenC vaccination. The differences in average titers were however small and the percentage participants with protective titers was very high for both sexes.
Comparison Between Linear Stapler and Circular Stapler After Laparoscopic-Assisted Distal Gastrectomy in Patients With Gastric Cancer
Authors: Sun Danping , Zhang Renhua , Wei Meng , Liu Peng , Zhong Xin , Liang Yize , Chen Yuanyuan , Huang Yadi , Yu Wenbin 
Published: May 2022

Background and AimTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopy distal gastrectomy using a linear stapler compared with a circular stapler in patients with gastric cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 173 patients who underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer at a single center from January 2018 to December 2020. Patients were categorized into the linear stapler group and the circular stapler group. General data, intraoperative and postoperative outcomes, postoperative pathological results, postoperative complications, and postoperative follow-up in the two groups were compared and analyzed.ResultsThe operation time (208.76 ± 32.92 vs. 226.69 ± 26.92 min, p &lt; 0.05), anastomosis time (71.87 ± 9.50 vs. 90.56 ± 3.18 min, p &lt; 0.05), time to first flatus (68.60 ± 25.96 vs. 76.16 ± 21.05 h, p &lt; 0.05), time to the first sip of water (3.66 ± 0.61 vs. 4.07 ± 0.77 days, p &lt; 0.05), and time to the first liquid diet (4.43 ± 1.02 vs. 5.03 ± 1.70 days, p &lt; 0.05) were significantly shorter in the linear stapler group. In addition, the highest postoperative body temperature within 3 days (37.4 ± 0.61 vs. 37.7 ± 0.61, p &lt; 0.05) after the operation, white blood cell count (WBC) on the 3rd day (9.07 ± 2.52 vs. 10.01 ± 2.98 × 10∧9/L, p &lt; 0.05), and average gastric tube drainage within 3 days (36.65 ± 24.57 vs. 52.61 ± 37 ml, p &lt; 0.05) were also significantly lower in the linear stapler group.ConclusionsBoth circular and linear staplers are safe and feasible for gastrointestinal reconstruction in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy. In contrast, a linear stapler has advantages over a circular stapler in shortening operation time and accelerating the postoperative recovery of patients.
A Design Methodology for Wideband Current-Reuse Receiver Front-Ends Aimed at Low-Power Applications
Authors: Abbasi Arash , Nabki Frederic 
Published: May 2022

This work gives a design perspective on low-power and wideband RF-to-Baseband current-reuse receivers (CRR). The proposed CRR architecture design shares a single supply and biasing current among both LNTA and baseband circuits to reduce power consumption. The work discusses topology selection and a suitable design procedure of the low noise transconductance amplifier (LNTA), down-conversion passive-mixer, active-inductor (AI) and TIA circuits. Layout considerations are also discussed. The receiver was simulated in 130 nm CMOS technology and occupies an active area of 0.025 mm2. It achieves a wideband input matching of less than −10 dB from 0.8 GHz to 3.4 GHz. A conversion-gain of 39.5 dB, IIP3 of −28 dBm and a double-sideband (DSB) NF of 5.6 dB is simulated at a local-oscillator (LO) frequency of 2.4 GHz and an intermediate frequency (IF) of 10 MHz, while consuming 1.92 mA from a 1.2 V supply.