bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Marketing Capability Premium
Authors: Ang Tze Chuan (Chewie) , Chordia Tarun , Mai Vivian Van-Anh , Singh Harminder 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Marketing capability refers to a firm’s ability to optimally deploy and integrate different marketing inputs to achieve high sales at low cost. This paper examines whether the value of marketing capability is incorporated into stock returns. High-level marketing capability predicts better future operating performance and stock returns. A marketing capability-based long-short portfolio strategy earns an average annual return of 5.16%, a substantial portion of which is earned over subsequent earnings announcements. The return predictability is stronger in stocks with higher valuation uncertainty and lower investor attention. Investors underreact to the value-relevant, but difficult to process, information embedded in marketing capability. (JEL G12, G14, G10, M30)
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Preparation of multigradient hydroxyapatite scaffolds and evaluation of their osteoinduction properties
Authors: Huang Hao , Yang Anchun , Li Jinsheng , Sun Tong , Yu Shangke , Lu Xiong , Guo Tailin , Duan Ke , Zheng Pengfei , Weng Jie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Porous hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds are often used as bone repair materials, owing to their good biocompatibility, osteoconductivity and low cost. Vascularization and osteoinductivity of porous HA scaffolds were limited in clinical application, and these disadvantages were need to be improved urgently. We used water-in-oil gelation and pore former methods to prepare HA spheres and a porous cylindrical HA container, respectively. The prepared HA spheres were filled in container to assemble into composite scaffold. By adjusting the solid content of the slurry (solid mixture of chitin sol and HA powder) and the sintering temperature, the porosity and crystallinity of the HA spheres could be significantly improved; and mineralization of the HA spheres significantly improved the biological activity of the composite scaffold. The multigradient (porosity, crystallinity and mineralization) scaffold (HA-700) filled with the mineralized HA spheres exhibited a lower compressive strength; however, in vivo results showed that their vascularization ability were higher than those of other groups, and their osteogenic Gini index (Go: an index of bone mass, and inversely proportional to bone mass) showed a continuous decrease with the implantation time. This study provides a new method to improve porous HA scaffolds and meet the demands of bone tissue engineering applications.
Central Oxidative Stress and Early Vocational Outcomes in First Episode Psychosis: A 7-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study of Glutathione
Authors: MacKinley Michael , Ford Sabrina D , Jeon Peter , Théberge Jean , Palaniyappan Lena 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background and hypothesis
Following the first episode of psychosis, some patients develop poor social and occupational outcomes, while others display a pattern of preserved functioning. Evidence from preclinical, genetic, and biochemical studies suggest a role for high oxidative stress in poor functional outcomes among patients. The measurement of intracortical glutathione (GSH) using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) enables investigating the relationship between central antioxidant tone and functional outcomes at the time of first-episode psychosis (FEP). We hypothesized that patients with higher central antioxidant tone at first presentation will have better functional outcomes in early stages of illness.

Study design
We scanned 57 patients with FEP and 30 matched healthy controls and estimated GSH resonance using 7-Tesla MRS. We minimized the confounding effects of illness chronicity, long-term treatment exposure, and metabolic complications by recruiting patients with &lt;2 weeks of lifetime antipsychotic exposure on average and followed up this cohort for the next 1 year to determine functional outcomes.

Study results
Patients who achieved employment/education or training status (EET) in the first year, had higher GSH at the baseline than healthy controls. Social and occupational functioning assessment scale (SOFAS) scores were also significantly higher in patients with higher GSH levels at the outset, after adjusting for various confounds including baseline SOFAS. Patients who were not in EET did not differ from healthy subjects in their GSH levels.

Conclusion
Our observations support a key role for the central antioxidant tone in the functional outcomes of early psychosis.
Diversification and species limits in scale-backed antbirds (Willisornis: Thamnophilidae), an Amazonian endemic lineage
Authors: Quaresma Tânia Fontes , Cronemberger Áurea A , Batista Romina , Aleixo Alexandre 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The genus Willisornis is endemic to the Amazon Basin, inhabiting upland terra firme forest, with two species and seven subspecies currently recognized. Despite numerous systematic studies, a taxonomically-dense sampled phylogeny for Willisornis is still lacking, which, combined with evidence of paraphyly and gene flow between its recognized species, underscores the uncertainty concerning species limits and evolutionary history of the genus. Here we present phylogenies and population genetic analyses, including all currently recognized Willisornis taxa, relating them to patterns of plumage variation, and reconstructing the spatiotemporal context of diversification in the genus. Our analyses have uncovered 13 independent genetic lineages in the genus, and the monophyly of all currently named taxa, which also showed robust plumage diagnoses. However, deeply coalesced genetic lineages were also found within most Willisornis taxa, for which no consistent variation in plumage was found. The diversification of the genus Willisornis is related to hydrographic and climate change cycles across Amazonia since the Plio-Pleistocene, with most genetic lineages originating in the past one million years. Based on our findings, we recommend the recognition of a total of six species in Willisornis (one of which polytypic) based on the congruency between deeply coalesced lineages and consistent plumage diagnoses.
A new lineage of deep-reef gobies from the Caribbean, including two new species and one new genus (Teleostei: Gobiidae: Gobiosomatini)
Authors: Tornabene Luke , Manning Rachel , Robertson D Ross , Van Tassell James L , Baldwin Carole C 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Fish communities on tropical deep reefs are dominated by species that belong to families primarily composed of shallow-water species. Collections of deep-reef fishes via submersibles have allowed us to include these deep-reef species in molecular phylogenies, providing insights into the timing and frequency of invasions from shallow to deep reefs. Here we provide evidence of a new deep-reef invasion in the tribe Gobiosomatini in the family Gobiidae (gobies). We describe two new species, one of which belongs to a new genus, and incorporate these taxa into a time-calibrated molecular phylogeny of Gobiosomatini to show that, collectively, these two genera represent a previously unreported independent invasion on to deep reefs that occurred approximately 20–30 million years ago. These new taxa are readily distinguished from related genera and species by a combination of live coloration, pelvic-fin morphology, meristic characters, head-pore patterns and other osteological characters. We discuss the relevance of these two new species to the systematics of the tribe Gobiosomatini and include a comparison to all known genera in the tribe.
mRNA Decapping Factors LSM1 and PAT Paralogs Are Involved in Turnip Mosaic Virus Viral Infection
Authors: Zuo Zhangli , Roux Milena , Rodriguez Eleazar , Petersen Morten 
Published: February 2022

Turnip mosaic virus is a devastating potyvirus infecting many economically important brassica crops. In response to this, the plant host engages its RNA silencing machinery, involving AGO proteins, as a prominent strategy to restrain turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) infection. It has also been shown that the mRNA decay components DCP2 and VCS partake in viral infection suppression. Here, we report that the mRNA decapping components LSM1, PAT1, PATH1, and PATH2 are essential for TuMV infection. More specifically, lsm1a/lsm1b double mutants and pat1/path1/path2 triple mutants in summ2 background exhibit resistance to TuMV. Concurrently, we observed that TuMV interferes with the decapping function of LSM1 and PAT proteins as the mRNA-decay target genes UGT87A2 and ASL9 accumulate during TuMV infection. Moreover, as TuMV coat protein can be specifically found in complexes with PAT proteins but not LSM1, this suggests that TuMV “hijacks” decapping components via PAT proteins to support viral infection. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Association of Histamine-2 Blockers and Proton-Pump Inhibitors With Delirium Development in Critically Ill Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shiddapur Ami , Kistler Christine E. , Busby-Whitehead Jan , Austin C. Adrian 
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVES:
Histamine-2 receptor antagonists are commonly administered for stress ulcer prophylaxis in critically ill adults and may be associated with delirium development. We aimed to determine differential associations of histamine-2 receptor antagonist or proton-pump inhibitor administration with delirium development in patients admitted to a medical ICU.

DESIGN:
Retrospective observational study using a deidentified database sourced from the University of North Carolina Health Care system. Participants were identified as having delirium utilizing an International Classification of Diseases-based algorithm. Associations among histamine-2 receptor antagonist, proton-pump inhibitor, or no medication administration and delirium were identified using relative risk. Multiple logistic regression was used to control for potential confounders including mechanical ventilation and age.

SETTING:
Academic tertiary care medical ICU in the United States.

PATIENTS:
Adults admitted to the University of North Carolina medical ICU from January 2015 to December 2019, excluding those on concurrent histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton-pump inhibitors in the same encounter.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
We identified 6,645 critically ill patients, of whom 29% (n = 1,899) received mechanical ventilation, 45% (n = 3,022) were 65 or older, and 22% (n = 1,487) died during their medical ICU encounter. Of the 6,645 patients, 31% (n = 2,057) received an histamine-2 receptor antagonist and no proton-pump inhibitors, 40% (n = 2,648) received a proton-pump inhibitor and no histamine-2 receptor antagonists, and 46% (n = 3,076) had delirium. The histamine-2 receptor antagonist group had a greater association with delirium than the proton-pump inhibitor group compared with controls receiving neither medication, after controlling for mechanical ventilation and age (risk ratio, 1.36; 1.25–1.47; p < 0.001) and (risk ratio, 1.15; 1.07–1.24; p < 0.001, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:
Histamine-2 receptor antagonists are more strongly associated with increased delirium than proton-pump inhibitors. Prospective studies are necessary to further elucidate this association and to determine if replacement of histamine-2 receptor antagonists with proton-pump inhibitors in ICUs decreases the burden of delirium in critically ill patients.
PHarmacist Avoidance or Reductions in Medical Costs in CRITically Ill Adults: PHARM-CRIT Study
Authors: Rech Megan A. , Gurnani Payal K. , Peppard William J. , Smetana Keaton S. , Van Berkel Megan A. , Hammond Drayton A. , Flannery Alexander H. ,   For PHARM-CRIT Investigators, on behalf of the Society of Critical Care Medicine Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Section and endorsed by the Discovery Network
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVES:
To comprehensively classify interventions performed by ICU clinical pharmacists and quantify cost avoidance generated through their accepted interventions.

DESIGN:
A multicenter, prospective, observational study was performed between August 2018 and January 2019.

SETTING:
Community hospitals and academic medical centers in the United States.

PARTICIPANTS:
ICU clinical pharmacists.

INTERVENTIONS:
Recommendations classified into one of 38 intervention categories (divided into six unique sections) associated with cost avoidance.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Two-hundred fifteen ICU pharmacists at 85 centers performed 55,926 interventions during 3,148 shifts that were accepted on 27,681 adult patient days and generated $23,404,089 of cost avoidance. The quantity of accepted interventions and cost avoidance generated in six established sections was adverse drug event prevention (5,777 interventions; $5,822,539 CA), resource utilization (12,630 interventions; $4,491,318), individualization of patient care (29,284 interventions; $9,680,036 cost avoidance), prophylaxis (1,639 interventions; $1,414,465 cost avoidance), hands-on care (1,828 interventions; $1,339,621 cost avoidance), and administrative/supportive tasks (4,768 interventions; $656,110 cost avoidance). Mean cost avoidance was $418 per intervention, $845 per patient day, and $7,435 per ICU pharmacist shift. The annualized cost avoidance from an ICU pharmacist is $1,784,302. The potential monetary cost avoidance to pharmacist salary ratio was between $3.3:1 and $9.6:1.

CONCLUSIONS:
Pharmacist involvement in the care of critically ill patients results in significant avoidance of healthcare costs, particularly in the areas of individualization of patient care, adverse drug event prevention, and resource utilization. The potential monetary cost avoidance to pharmacist salary ratio employing an ICU clinical pharmacist is between $3.3:1 and $9.6:1.
Inflammation and Conception in a Prospective Time-to-Pregnancy Cohort
Authors: Jukic Anne Marie Z. , Weinberg Clarice R. , Mumford Sunni L. , Steiner Anne Z. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Inflammation may contribute to subfertility but this has not been well-explored in large prospective cohort studies.

Methods:
We conducted a prospective 12-month cohort study of time to pregnancy in North Carolina, the Time to Conceive study (2010–2016). Participants were 30–44 years old, without a history of infertility (N = 727). We analyzed blood samples with a high sensitivity assay for C-reactive protein (CRP). Women reported their weight, height, and other covariates. We natural log-transformed CRP and examined it (1) linearly, after exploration using restricted cubic splines and (2) in categories based on American Heart Association criteria. We estimated fecundability ratios (FRs) with log-binomial discrete-time-to-pregnancy models. Separate models included an interaction term with body mass index (BMI).

Results:
The adjusted estimated FR per natural log-unit increase in CRP level was 0.97 (confidence interval [CI] = 0.91, 1.0). The FR (CI) for high CRP (>10 mg/L) compared with low CRP (<1 mg/L) was 0.78 (0.52, 1.2). Compared with normal-weight women with low CRP, women with obesity and high CRP had lower estimated fecundability, but the confidence interval was wide (FR = 0.63; CI = 0.35, 1.1). There was no pattern in the estimated fecundability across levels of CRP within categories of BMI.

Conclusions:
There was no evidence of an association between CRP and fecundability either alone or within levels of BMI. Further studies of CRP and fecundability should include higher levels of CRP and additional markers of inflammation.
Declining serum bone turnover markers are associated with the short-term positive change of lumbar spine bone mineral density in postmenopausal women
Authors: Zhao Shengli , Mo Xiaoyi , Wen Zhenxing , Liu Ming , Chen Zhipeng , Lin Wei , Huang Zifang , Chen Bailing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective:
While serum bone turnover markers (BTMs) and bone mineral density (BMD) have been confirmed as useable risk assessment tools for postmenopausal osteoporosis, the associations between BTMs and BMD changes are still ambiguous. The aim of this study was to explore the underlying associations between BTMs and BMD changes in postmenopausal women.

Methods:
Between January 2015 and October 2020, 135 postmenopausal women were retrospectively enrolled. They were divided into two groups according to lumbar spine (LS) 1-4 BMD change (1 y T-score minus baseline T-score, Group 1 [n = 36] < 0 and Group 2 [n = 99] ≥ 0). The changes of BTMs (N-terminal middle segment osteocalcin [N-MID], propeptide of type I procollagen [P1NP], and β-C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen [β-CTX]) and their associations with LS 1-4 BMD change were analyzed. The biochemical indices and clinical parameters related with LS 1-4 BMD change were also evaluated.

Results:
The 1 year N-MID, P1NP, β-CTX and Phosphorus in Group 2 were lower than those in Group 1 (P < 0.05), their changes within 1 year were significantly negatively correlated with LS 1-4 BMD change (R
2 = –0.200, P < 0.001; R
2 = –0.230, P < 0.001; R
2 = –0.186, P < 0.001; R
2 = –0.044, P = 0.015; respectively). Except for the Phosphorus change (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.623), the changes of N-MID, P1NP, and β-CTX and their 1 year levels had similar AUC to diagnose the short-term LS 1-4 BMD change (AUC > 0.7 for all, with the AUC of 1 y P1NP being the largest at 0.803). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the physical activity and drug intervention were the determinant factors for the LS 1-4 BMD change (odds ratio = 6.856, 95% confidence interval: 2.058-22.839, P = 0.002; odds ratio  = 5.114, 95% confidence interval: 1.551-16.864, P = 0.007; respectively).

Conclusions:
Declining N-MID, P1NP, β-CTX, and Phosphorus are associated with the short-term increase of LS 1-4 BMD within 1 year. Physical activity and drug intervention are factors significantly influencing the change of LS 1-4 BMD in postmenopausal women.
A 16-week multicomponent exercise training program improves menopause-related symptoms in middle-aged women. The FLAMENCO project randomized control trial
Authors: Baena-García Laura , Flor-Alemany Marta , Marín-Jiménez Nuria , Aranda Pilar , Aparicio Virginia A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective:
To investigate the influence of a supervised multicomponent exercise training program on menopause-related symptoms, particularly vasomotor symptoms (VMS), in middle-aged women.

Methods:
A total of 112 middle-aged women (mean age 52 ± 4 y old, age range 45-60 y) from the FLAMENCO project (exercise [n = 59] and counseling [n = 53] groups) participated in this randomized controlled trial (perprotocol basis). The exercise group followed a multicomponent exercise program composed of 60-minute sessions 3 days per week for 16 weeks. The 15-item Cervantes Menopause and Health Subscale was used to assess the frequency of menopause-related symptoms.

Results:
After adjusting for body mass index and Mediterranean diet adherence, the subscales measuring menopause-related symptoms and VMSs decreased 4.6 more in the exercise group compared to the counseling group (between-group differences [B]: 95% CI: -8.8 to -0.2; P
= 0.040). The exercise group also showed significant improvements in the subscales of couple relationships (between-group differences [B]: -1.87: 95% CI: -3.29 to - 0.45; P
= 0.010), psychological state (between-group differences [B]: -2.3: 95% CI: -5 to -0.2; P
= 0.035), and VMSs (between-group differences [B]: -4.5: 95% CI: -8.8 to -0.2; p
= 0.040) in the Cervantes Menopause and Health Subscale compared with the counseling group.

Conclusions:
A 16-week multicomponent physical exercise program showed a positive effect on menopause- related symptoms especially in couple relationships, psychological state, and VMS, among 45 to 60 year old women.
Association of urinary angiotensinogen with renal arteriolar remodeling in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Kanamitsu Takafumi , Kohagura Kentaro , Zamami Ryo , Nakamura Takuto , Oshiro Nanako , Miyagi Tsuyoshi , Nakamura Koshi , Ohya Yusuke 
Published: February 2022

Objective:
Renin–angiotensin system (RAS) might be associated with arteriolar remodeling. The present study aimed to explore the hitherto unknown relationship between renal RAS and renal arteriolar remodeling and to elucidate whether altered renal RAS subsequently affects renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods:
In this retrospective study, patients with various CKDs not using RAS inhibitors who underwent renal biopsy were included in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Urinary angiotensinogen (UAGT) levels and wall/lumen ratio (WLR) were determined to evaluate renal RAS and renal arteriolar remodeling, respectively. The association between ln(UAGT) and ln(WLR) was cross-sectionally examined using a liner regression model. Furthermore, the association of ln(UAGT) with subsequent changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) per year were longitudinally examined in the largest subgroup of patients who were diagnosed with IgA nephropathy.

Results:
In the overall cohort (n = 54), the median age, blood pressures, eGFR, and WLR were 37 years, 120/73 mmHg, 85 ml/min per 1.73 m2, and 0.93, respectively. Ln(UAGT) was significantly and positively associated with ln(WLR) even after adjusting for classical and nonclassical clinical renal risk factors. In patients with IgA nephropathy, higher ln(UAGT) was associated with higher ln(WLR). Ln(UAGT) also tended to be associated with a greater decline in eGFR per year over a median period of 8.7 years, even after adjusting for potential confounding factors.

Conclusion:
In patients with CKD, renal RAS might be associated with renal arteriolar remodeling and future decline in eGFR, independent of potential risk factors.
Stage 1 hypertension and risk of cardiovascular disease mortality in United States adults with or without diabetes
Authors: Wang Yutang 
Published: February 2022

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the association of S1 hypertension, classified according to the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association blood pressure (BP) guideline, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in adults with or without diabetes from the general United States population.

Methods:
This cohort study included 40 518 United States adults (including 3555 with diabetes) naive to antihypertensive drugs who attended the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 1988 to 2014.

Results:
Participants were followed up for 489 679 person-years (mean follow-up, 12.1 years) with 1569 CVD deaths being recorded. S1 hypertension was neither associated with an increased CVD mortality risk in the whole cohort nor in participants with or without diabetes after full adjustment. In age-stratified analyses, compared with normal BP, S1 hypertension was associated with increased CVD mortality in young adults, unrelated to CVD mortality in midlife, and associated with lower CVD mortality in the elderly. In older participants (≥70 years), people with S1 hypertension had a 23% lower multivariate-adjusted CVD mortality risk compared with those with normal BP (hazard ratio 0.77; 95% confidence interval 0.61–0.98). In younger (<70 years) adults without diabetes, people with normal BP had the lowest CVD mortality risk; however, in younger adults with diabetes, it was people with elevated BP who had the lowest CVD mortality risk.

Conclusion:
In this representative sample of United States adults not on BP-lowering medications, S1 hypertension was associated with elevated CVD mortality in younger adults and with lower CVD mortality in those 70 or more years of age.