bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forage Offer From a Saline Wetland of Central Argentina (San Luis Province)
Authors: Barbosa Osvaldo A. , Rogel José Álvarez , Lavado Raúl S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Saline wetlands usually suffer degradation processes, so their exploitation require planning to achieve the conservation of the resource. Our objective was to determine the forage capacity of a saline wetland in the east central province of San Luis, Argentina, called “Bajo Las Saladas”. Three landscape units and five physiognomic types were delimited and its extent, vegetation characteristics and aerial biomass were determined. In those areas, species with forage value were: Atriplex lampa and Atriplex undulata (Amaranthaceae), Sporobolus phleoides, Pappophorum caespitosum and Distichlis spicata (Poaceae). Other Amaranthaceae, Sarcocornia neei, was a forage of poor value. Considering the total forage production, its use factor, and the consumption of a breeding cow, it was estimated a forage offer in the saline wetland able to sustain 9 breeding cows per 100 ha. It is concluded that the forage use of these saline areas, carrying out pastoral management on a technical basis, could be an attractive economic option without affecting the wetland.
A Fano compactification of the $\SL_2(\Cc)$ free group character variety
Authors: Cummings Joseph , Manon Christopher 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We show that a certain compactification Xg of the SL2(C) free group character variety X(Fg, SL2(C)) is Fano. This compactification has been studied previously by the second author, and separately by Biswas, Lawton, and Ramras. Part of the proof of this result involves the construction of a large family of integral reflexive polytopes.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020) 14M25 · 14M27 · 14M35 ·14J45
Stem cell derived neurosphere assay highlights the effects of infection on human cortical development
Authors: Drydale Edward , Rath Phalguni , Holden Katie , Johnson Thomas , Bancroft James , Handunnetthi Lahiru 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Defective cortical development is responsible for neurodevelopmental disorders that manifest in childhood and adolescence. However, model systems that can explore the effects of genetic and environmental factors on human cortical development are not well established. Therefore, we developed a novel neurosphere assay that combined recent progress in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) differentiation with advanced live cell imaging techniques to study key aspects of human cortical development. We subsequently applied this assay to investigate the effects of viral infection on cortical development given its established link to neurodevelopmental disorders. We found that viral infection substantially restricted both radial glia growth and neural cell migration. These findings provide new insight into how infections exert deleterious effects on the developing cortex and thus carry important implications for future disease prevention strategies.
The Efficacy of Exotropia and Amblyopia Therapy using Binocular Vision Training and Press-on Prism
Authors: Liang Jincai , Lin Yuchi , Li Bingqian , Yan Li 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aims
To study the efficacy of using binocular vision training and press-on prism combined therapy for children with exotropia and amblyopia, and to explore the feasibility of binocular visual function recovery and non-operative correction of exotropia in children with exotropia, and the possibility of simultaneous treatment of strabismus amblyopia.
Methods
Totally 105 Chinese children aged 3–9 years with exotropia and amblyopia were recruited in a randomised clinical trial. Eligible subjects were randomly assigned to the combined group and the prism group, 48 and 57 cases, respectively. The prism group was performed fresnel press-on prisms treatment, the combined group was performed binocular vision training and fresnel press-on prisms treatment. The visual acuity, the binocular function and strabismus therapeutic effect were compared.
Results
After treatment, the visual acuity in both groups was significantly improved compared with that before treatment, and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant.The binocular monocular function of the two groups was significantly improved compared with that of the two groups before treatment, including synoptophore visual function and the Titumus stereopsis. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant.In the combined treatment group, 42 patients with strabismus were completely cured with a cure rate of 87.50%, while in the prism group, 16 patients with strabismus were completely cured with a cure rate of 30.19%. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant. The lower the degree of exotropia, the shorter the cure time.
Conclusion
Binocular vision training and fresnel press-on prisms combined treatment can effectively promote the recovery of binocular vision in children with exotropia combined with amblyopia, and some children can achieve complete cure of strabismus through this non-surgical treatment. In addition, the recovery of binocular vision in children before surgery can improve the cure rate of strabismus surgery.They are basically the same for amblyopia.
Application of tranexamic acid in shoulder arthroscopic surgery
Authors: Wang Tianci , Deng Heping , Yin Bing , Xiao Zeng , Lu Bo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background

Bleeding during arthroscopic shoulder surgery decreases visual clarity. Tranexamic acid is widely used to decrease bleeding in orthopedic surgery. But the application of tranexamic acid in arthroscopic shoulder surgery is limited. The purpose of this study is to explore the best administration route of tranexamic acid during arthroscopic shoulder surgery.

Methods

A total of 134 patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair surgery were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control group, intravenous group, irrigation group, intravenous and irrigation group. The patients in intravenous group was given tranexamic acid intravenously 10 minutes before surgery, in irrigation group tranexamic acid was added into the irrigation fluid during subacromial decompression and acromioplasty procedure, For intravenous and irrigation group tranexamic acid was applied both intravenously and in intra-articular irrigation. The primary outcome was the visual clarity, the secondary outcomes includes irrigation fluid consumption and time of subacromial decompression and acromioplasty procedure of the surgery.

Result

All 3 intervention groups got higher visual analog scale than control group. Intravenous and irrigation group got better visual analog scale than intravenous group and irrigation group. Control group consumed more irrigation fluid during subacromial decompression and acromioplasty procedure than the other 3 groups. Intravenous and irrigation group consumed less irrigation fluid during subacromial decompression and acromioplasty procedure than intravenous group and irrigation group. There was no difference in subacromial decompression and acromioplasty procedure time between all the 4 groups.
Conclusions: tranexamic acid applied both intravenously and intra-articular enhanced visual clarity, combined intravenous and intra-articular tranexamic acid reached the best visual clarity.

Conclusion

Tranexamic acid applied both topically and systematically enhance intraoperative visual clarity, Combined application achieves the best effect.
A pediatric mechanical ventilation educational initiative in two intensive care units
Authors: Mehrzai Pazun , Höfeler Thormen , Ebenebe Chinedu Ulrich , Moll-Khosrawi Parisa , Demirakça Süha , Vettorazzi Eik , Bergers Marlies , Lange Mandy , Dreger Sabine , Maruhn Hanna , Singer Dominique , Deindl Philipp 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Inappropriate ventilator settings, non-adherence to a lung-protective ventilation strategy, and inadequate patient monitoring during mechanical ventilation can potentially expose critically ill children to additional risks. We set out to improve team theoretical knowledge and practical skills regarding pediatric mechanical ventilation and to increase compliance with treatment goals.
Methods: An educational initiative was conducted from August 2019 to July 2021 in a neonatal and pediatric intensive care unit of the University Children's Hospital, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany. We tested baseline theoretical knowledge using a multiple choice theory test (TT) and practical skills using a practical skill test (PST), consisting of four sequential Objective Structured Clinical Examinations of physicians and nurses. We then implemented an educational bundle that included video self-training, checklists, pocket cards, and reevaluated team performance. Ventilators and monitor settings were randomly checked in all ventilated patients. We used a process control chart and a mixed-effects model to analyze the primary outcome.
Results: Staff members took part in 183 theory tests (TT) and 169 practical skill tests (PST). The initiative was associated with a substantial increase in staff TT and PST performance (CI) (TT: 80 [77.2–82.9]% vs. 86 [83.1–88.0]%, PST: 73 [69.7–75.5]% vs. 95 [93.8–97.1]%), self-confidence, and compliance with mechanical ventilation treatment goals (87.8% vs. 94.5%).
Discussion: Implementing a pediatric mechanical ventilation education bundle improved theoretical knowledge and practical skills among multi-professional pediatric intensive care staff and increased treatment goal compliance in ventilated children.
Quadruple purse-string suture for single stapling technique following transanal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer
Authors: Mori Shinichiro , Tanabe Kan , Wada Masumi , Kita Yoshiaki , Hokonohara Kentaro , Yasudome Ryutaro , Satake Soichi , Hamada Yuki , Arigami Takaaki , Matsushita Daisuke , Shimonosono Masataka , Sasaki Ken , Kurahara Hiroshi , Nakajo Akihiro , Ohtsuka Takao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) for low anterior resection requires a secure anastomotic technique to avoid an anastomotic leak. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of a novel technique of quadruple purse-string suture (PSS) for single stapling technique (SST) following TaTME.
Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent TaTME with SST for rectal cancer between November 2014 and October 2020 were enrolled. Clinical outcomes of quadruple or double PSS for SST following TaTME were evaluated. The complete rates of the resection rings based on the status of the resection ring of the colonic and rectal stumps were also evaluated.
Results: In total, 47 patients were included in the study: 27 and 20 in the quadruple and double PSS groups, respectively. Intraoperative adverse events occurred in one patient. The rates of postoperative complications in the quadruple and double PSS groups were 22.2% and 30.0%, respectively. The rates of anastomotic leaks in the quadruple and double PSS groups were 7.4% and 15.0%, respectively. The length of hospital stay in the quadruple and double PSS groups was 13 and 14 days, respectively. The resection ring for the rectal stump was complete in 85.2% of quadruple PSS cases and 70.0% of double PSS cases. The resection rings for both stumps were complete in 81.5% and 50.0% of patients with quadruple and double PSS, respectively (p=0.03).
Conclusion: Quadruple PSS for SST following TaTME is feasible and seems to be a safe alternative to conventional double PSS in selected patients with rectal cancer.
Fatigue failure of lithium disilicate and translucent zirconia crowns with different occlusal thicknesses
Authors: Adabo Gelson Luis , Longhini Diogo , Baldochi Mariana Ribeiro , Bergamo Edmara Tatiely Pedroso , Bonfante Estevam Augusto 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives: To assess the probability of survival of crowns made of high translucent 3rd generation zirconia (Prettau Anterior - PA), 2nd generation zirconia (Prettau - P), and the glass-ceramic lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD - EM).
Materials and Methods: CAD-CAM premolar crowns were fabricated with occlusal thicknesses of 1.0 mm or 1.5 mm and cemented on a metal dye. Step-stress accelerated life testing (SSALT) was performed using 3 profiles: mild (n=9), moderate (n=6), and aggressive (n=3). The use-level probability Weibull curves and reliability were calculated for completion of a mission of 100,000 cycles at 300, 600, 900, and 1200 N.
Results: A high probability of survival was found for all ceramics (87-99%) at 300 N, irrespective of thickness. There was no significant decrease in the probability of survival for all P crowns up to 1200 N (83-96%). EM crowns presented lower reliability than P or PA crowns under the 600-900 N mission. PA crowns showed lower reliability than P crowns at higher loads of 1200 N. There was no significant difference in the Weibull modulus (3.23-7.12). P demonstrated the highest characteristic strength (2483-2972 N), followed by PA (1512-1547 N) and EM (971-1154 N).
Conclusion: High translucent 3rd generation zirconia has a high probability of survival (up to 900 N-load), while lithium disilicate survives up to 300 N load only, irrespective of thickness (1.0 mm or 1.5 mm).
Clinical Relevance: The probability of survival of posterior crowns made with zirconia ceramics has sufficient strength for parafunctional loads, while glass ceramics resist normal chewing loads only.
Rheumatoid Arthritis in Syria: Knowledge and Awareness among the General Population
Authors: Assaad Naima , Khayali Naram , Armashi Humam , Kudsi Maysoun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that mainly attacks the joints symmetrically, in addition to other systems. Recurrent attacks result in chronic pain, joint deformity, and decreased quality of life. The aim of this study aim was to identify beliefs and assess knowledge about this disease in the general population. Methods: 1439 Syrian participants completed an online Google Forms questionnaire comprised of 13 true-false questions designed to evaluate knowledge regarding rheumatoid arthritis, as well as questions about demographic, social, clinical, and behavioral characteristics. Results: Roughly 60% of the participants knew about RA to some extent, while nearly a quarter had no prior knowledge about the disease. One third of the respondents were very knowledgeable about RA, a quarter were moderately knowledgeable, 14% had a low level of knowledge,, and 28% had a very low level of knowledge. Conclusion: Knowledge about rheumatoid arthritis in Syria was found to be flawed and lacking. Our study suggests that the general population requires further education about the disease. Health-professionals should take care to better educate their patients, and community education campaigns to increase awareness should address the knowledge deficit among the population at large.
Transposons are a major contributor to gene expression variability under selection in rice populations
Authors: Castanera Raul , Morales-Díaz Noemia , Gupta Sonal , Purugganan Michael , Casacuberta Josep 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Transposable elements are an important source of genome variability. Here, we analyze their contribution to gene expression variability in crops by performing a TE insertion polymorphism (TIP)-eQTL mapping using expression data from rice varieties from the O. sativa ssp. indica and O. sativa ssp. japonica subspecies. Our data shows that TE insertions are associated with changes of expression of many genes known to be targets of rice domestication and breeding. An important fraction of these insertions were already present in the rice wild ancestors, and have been differentially selected in indica and japonica rice populations. Taken together, these data show that small changes of expression in signal transduction genes induced by TE insertions accompany the domestication and adaptation of rice populations.
Short-time cab speed prediction model based on XGBoost
Authors: Shen Eric Z. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Accurate prediction of short-time cab speed is a prerequisite for identifying abnormal acceleration and deceleration behaviors of drivers, which helps to improve passenger safety and comfort. The XGBoost-based short-time cab speed prediction model is studied based on the real-time movement speed of cabs in cities. The cab speed data set is divided into a training set and a test set, a sliding time window is constructed, the time series of historical cab speed within the time window is used as the input variable, and the current time cab speed is used as the output variable. The model parameters are quickly optimized by using the hyperopt module based on Bayesian algorithm to obtain the optimal combination of model parameters, and the prediction results of the model are compared with the non-parametric regression model and neural network model based on the cab GPS trajectory data set of Shenzhen city on October 22, 2013. It is shown that the mean absolute error (MAE) of the constructed short-time cab speed prediction model is $9.841$ and the root mean square error (RMSE) is 12.711, which are lower than those of the nonparametric regression model and the neural network model, improving the prediction accuracy of cab speed; due to the lack of regularity of cab speed series, the adjusted $R^{2}$ is $0.592$, and compared with the other two models, the XGBoost model has a better fitting effect near the time point when the cab speed changes sharply, avoiding the degradation of prediction accuracy caused by overfitting.
Bottom-up accounting of landfills across 346 cities reveals overlooked carbon stocks
Authors: Ma Shijun , Lu Mingzhen , Yang Guang , Zhi Yuehao , Ouyang Zutao , Huang Ningxin , Zhou Chuanbin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Landfills, one of the final destinations of all kinds of materials used by human beings, are vital for understanding the carbon cycle of cities. Global Methane Pledge at COP26 highlighted the significance of landfill, which was the third-largest source of methane emissions in the world. High temporal- and spatial-resolution datasets of landfill organic carbon stocks and flows are crucial for formulating national carbon reduction strategies; however, current research is very limited. Here, a quantitative-based solid-water-gas coupling transformation model of organic carbon cycles in landfills was established, and the landfills of 346 cities in China were chosen as the studied case to show its temporal shift and spatial distribution of organic carbon stock and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from 2001 to 2030. In the past twenty years, the organic carbon stock in municipal solid waste landfills in China was 503.3 ± 4.2Tg, with 6.4% and 0.3% of the organic carbon input transferred into the atmosphere and aquatic environment, respectively. The organic carbon stock in landfills has the dual attributes of resource value and environmental impacts, showing significant differences among regions. In the Northeast China and Northwest China, the soil-like resource and renewable energy potential from landfills were higher, while in South China, the methane emission from landfills was greater than that in other regions. Our scenarios analysis finds that raising the methane collection rate, minimizing landfilling rate, and implementing landfill mining and eco-remediation measures can reduce the GHG emissions by 4.6%, 13.4%, and 53.0%, respectively, compared to that in the business-as-usual scenario, by 2030. The GHG reduction by 2030 is 836.2Tg, accounting for 1.1%-3.6% and 1.2%-8.7% of the GHG emission gaps for China to achieve 1.5℃ and 2℃ warming targets under landfill-remediation scenario. Landfills can be potentially a carbon-negative sector if all of the policy-interventions are applied, and thus contribute to the carbon-neutral strategy of China by 2030.
Fishing litter dominates the litter along the beaches of Palk Bay, Southeastern of India
Authors: K Priyanka , B Mghili , P Karthikeyan , K Muthulakshmi , K Rajarajeshwaran , M Subagunasekar , K Prabhu , C Stella 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Fishing activity is a major source of marine litter on beaches, but most studies focus on recreational beaches. In this study, we assessed the abundance, composition, source and spatial distribution of marine litter on ten fishing beaches along Palk Bay, on the southeast coast of India. We also used social media to collect data on the impact of fishing litter on marine animals in the study area. A total of 4,227 marine litter and their average density of 0.70 items/m2 were collected. Plastic (84.54%) is the most abundant in the study area, followed by cloths (7.46%), glass (5.19%), and rubber (3.47%). From the result, the value of CCI ranges from 6.26 to 25.7 indicating that the coast is "moderately clean" to "extremely dirty". The majority of the marine litter collected originated from fishing activity. The most common are string and cord, fishing lines, fishing gear, floats and buoys. The presence of this type of marine litter can produce serious environmental issues, such as ghost fishing, that impacts a large variety of marine species. A total of 25 of the olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) were entangled in fishing litter between 2018 and 2020. Most of the reported entanglements were due to discarded or lost fishing gear, which shows the importance of managing this type of litter in India. It is important to manage the litter related to the fishing activity by educating fishermen and organizing clean-up campaigns.
Future runoff assessment under climate change and land-cover alteration scenarios: a case study of the Zayandeh-Roud dam upstream watershed
Authors: Ahmadi Azadeh , Jalali Jamshid , Mohammadpour Ali 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, hydrological responses to climate change and land-cover alteration on future runoff in the Zayandeh-Roud dam upstream watershed were assessed. In this regard, land-use maps in 1996, 2008, 2018, and 2033 were generated using Landsat time-series (TM and OLI), Support-Vector Machine (SVM), and the CA-Markov chain model, for analysing the effects of land-cover alteration on future runoff. Second, the Global Circulation Model (GCM) scenario time-series under RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5 scenarios were downscaled to evaluate the impacts of climate change on future streamflow. Eventually, the HEC-HMS model was calibrated (1996–2018) for evaluating the impacts of climate and land-use map changes. Results showed that the percentage of the urban area and farmland in 2033 compared to 2018 were expected to grow by 0.1 and 2.39% upstream of the Eskandari station and 0.05 and 0.71% upstream of the Ghale-Shahrokh station, respectively, although the percentage of the barren area was expected to remain almost unchanged in both regions. The future stream flow of Eskandari and Ghale-Shahrokh stations in 2033 was expected to decrease by 57–63 MCM (for RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5) and 295–403 MCM, respectively, where 68–72% and 79–86% were expected to decrease under climate change scenarios and remains are due to land-cover alteration.