bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-101a enhances trabecular bone accrual in male mice
Authors: Dudakovic Amel , Jerez Sofia , Deosthale Padmini J. , Denbeigh Janet M. , Paradise Christopher R. , Gluscevic Martina , Zan Pengfei , Begun Dana L. , Camilleri Emily T. , Pichurin Oksana , Khani Farzaneh , Thaler Roman , Lian Jane B. , Stein Gary S. , Westendorf Jennifer J. , Plotkin Lilian I. , van Wijnen Andre J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHigh-throughput microRNA sequencing was performed during differentiation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts to develop working hypotheses for specific microRNAs that control osteogenesis. The expression data show that miR-101a, which targets the mRNAs for the epigenetic enzyme Ezh2 and many other proteins, is highly upregulated during osteoblast differentiation and robustly expressed in mouse calvaria. Transient elevation of miR-101a suppresses Ezh2 levels, reduces tri-methylation of lysine 27 in histone 3 (H3K27me3; a heterochromatic mark catalyzed by Ezh2), and accelerates mineralization of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. We also examined skeletal phenotypes of an inducible miR-101a transgene under direct control of doxycycline administration. Experimental controls and mir-101a over-expressing mice were exposed to doxycycline in utero and postnatally (up to 8 weeks of age) to maximize penetrance of skeletal phenotypes. Male mice that over-express miR-101a have increased total body weight and longer femora. MicroCT analysis indicate that these mice have increased trabecular bone volume fraction, trabecular number and trabecular thickness with reduced trabecular spacing as compared to controls. Histomorphometric analysis demonstrates a significant reduction in osteoid volume to bone volume and osteoid surface to bone surface. Remarkably, while female mice also exhibit a significant increase in bone length, no significant changes were noted by microCT (trabecular bone parameters) and histomorphometry (osteoid parameters). Hence, miR-101a upregulation during osteoblast maturation and the concomitant reduction in Ezh2 mediated H3K27me3 levels may contribute to the enhanced trabecular bone parameters in male mice. However, the sex-specific effect of miR-101a indicates that more intricate epigenetic mechanisms mediate physiological control of bone formation and homeostasis.
Changes in serotype prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Southampton, UK between 2006 and 2018
Authors: Cleary David W. , Jones Jessica , Gladstone Rebecca A. , Osman Karen L. , Devine Vanessa T. , Jefferies Johanna M. , Bentley Stephen D. , Faust Saul N. , Clarke Stuart C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractStreptococcus pneumoniae continues to cause significant disease burden. Whilst pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) have substantially reduced this burden, serotype replacement partially negates this success due to increased disease associated with non-vaccine serotypes (NVTs). Continued surveillance is therefore essential to provide crucial epidemiological data. Annual cross-sectional surveillance of paediatric pneumococcal carriage was started in Southampton, UK following PCV7 roll-out in 2006. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from children < 5 years old each winter (October to March) from 2006/07 and for each consecutive year until 2017/18. Pneumococcal serotype was inferred from whole genome sequencing data. A total of 1429 (32.5%) pneumococci were isolated from 4093 children. Carriage ranged from 27.8% (95%CI 23.7–32.7) in 2008/09 to 37.9% (95%CI 32.8–43.2) in 2014/15. Analyses showed that carriage increased in children aged 24–35 months (p < 0.001) and 47–60 months (p < 0.05). Carriage of PCV serotypes decreased markedly following PCV7 and/or PCV13 introduction, apart from serotype 3 where the relative frequency was slightly lower post-PCV13 (pre-PCV13 n = 7, 1.67%; post-PCV13 n = 13, 1.27%). Prevalence of NVTs implicated in increased disease was low with 24F (n = 19, 1.4%) being the most common followed by 9N (n = 11, 0.8%), 8 (n = 7, 0.5%) and 12F (n = 3, 0.2%).
Inflammatory and metabolic markers in relation to outcome of in vitro fertilization in a cohort of predominantly overweight and obese women
Authors: Svensson Henrik , Einarsson Snorri , Olausson Daniel , Kluge Linda , Bergh Christina , Edén Staffan , Lönn Malin , Thurin-Kjellberg Ann 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFor overweight and obese women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) the pregnancy and live birth rates are compromised while the underlying mechanisms and predictors are unclear. The aim was to explore the association between adipose tissue-related inflammatory and metabolic markers and the pregnancy and live birth outcome of IVF in a cohort of predominantly overweight and obese women. Serum samples, fulfilling standardizing criteria, were identified from 195 women having participated in either the control (n = 131) or intervention (n = 64) group of a randomized controlled trial (RCT), seeking to evaluate the effect of a weight reduction intervention on IVF outcome in obese women. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and the adipokines leptin and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (AFABP) were analyzed for the whole cohort (n = 195) in samples collected shortly before IVF [at randomization (control group), after intervention (intervention group)]. Information on age, anthropometry [BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)], pregnancy and live birth rates after IVF, as well as the spontaneous pregnancy rate, was extracted or calculated from collected data. The women of the original intervention group were also characterized at randomization regarding all variables. Eight women [n = 3 original control group (2.3%), n = 5 original intervention group (7.8%)] conceived spontaneously before starting IVF. BMI category proportions in the cohort undergoing IVF (n = 187) were 1.6/20.1/78.3% (normal weight/overweight/obese). The pregnancy and live birth rates after IVF for the cohort were 35.8% (n = 67) and 24.6% (n = 46), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that none of the variables (age, hsCRP, leptin, AFABP, BMI, waist circumference, WHtR) were predictive factors of pregnancy or live birth after IVF. Women of the original intervention group displayed reductions in hsCRP, leptin, and anthropometric variables after intervention while AFABP was unchanged. In this cohort of predominantly overweight and obese women undergoing IVF, neither low-grade inflammation, in terms of hsCRP, other circulating inflammatory and metabolic markers released from adipose tissue (leptin, AFABP), nor anthropometric measures of adiposity or adipose tissue distribution (BMI, waist, WHtR) were identified as predictive factors of pregnancy or live birth rate.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01566929. Trial registration date 30-03-2012, retrospectively registered.
Molecular dynamics analysis of elastic properties and new phase formation during amorphous ices transformations
Authors: Garkul Anastasiia , Stegailov Vladimir 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUnlike conventional first-order phase transitions, the kinetics of amorphous-amorphous transitions has been much less studied. The ultrasonic experiments on the transformations between low-density and high-density amorphous ice induced by pressure or heating provided the pressure and temperature dependencies of elastic moduli. In this article, we make an attempt to build a microscopic picture of these experimentally studied transformations using the molecular dynamics method with the TIP4P/Ice water model. We study carefully the dependence of the results of elastic constants calculations on the deformation rates. The system size effects are considered as well. The comparison with the experimental data enriches our understanding of the transitions observed. Our modeling gives new information about the formation mechanisms of new phase clusters during the transition between low-density and high-density amorphous ices. We analyse the applicability of the term “nucleation” for these processes.
Immunological profiles associated with distinct parasitemic states in volunteers undergoing malaria challenge in Gabon
Authors: Manurung Mikhael D. , de Jong Sanne E. , Kruize Yvonne , Mouwenda Yoanne D. , Ongwe Madeleine Eunice Betouke , Honkpehedji Yabo Josiane , Zinsou Jeannot Frézus , Dejon-Agobe Jean Claude , Hoffman Stephen L. , Kremsner Peter G. , Adegnika Ayola Akim , Fendel Rolf , Mordmüller Benjamin , Roestenberg Meta , Lell Bertrand , Yazdanbakhsh Maria 
Published: August 2022

AbstractControlled human malaria infection (CHMI) using cryopreserved non-attenuated Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites (PfSPZ) offers a unique opportunity to investigate naturally acquired immunity (NAI). By analyzing blood samples from 5 malaria-naïve European and 20 African adults with lifelong exposure to malaria, before, 5, and 11 days after direct venous inoculation (DVI) with SanariaR PfSPZ Challenge, we assessed the immunological patterns associated with control of microscopic and submicroscopic parasitemia. All (5/5) European individuals developed parasitemia as defined by thick blood smear (TBS), but 40% (8/20) of the African individuals controlled their parasitemia, and therefore remained thick blood smear-negative (TBS− Africans). In the TBS− Africans, we observed higher baseline frequencies of CD4+ T cells producing interferon-gamma (IFNγ) that significantly decreased 5 days after PfSPZ DVI. The TBS− Africans, which represent individuals with either very strong and rapid blood-stage immunity or with immunity to liver stages, were stratified into subjects with sub-microscopic parasitemia (TBS-PCR+) or those with possibly sterilizing immunity (TBS−PCR−). Higher frequencies of IFNγ+TNF+CD8+ γδ T cells at baseline, which later decreased within five days after PfSPZ DVI, were associated with those who remained TBS−PCR−. These findings suggest that naturally acquired immunity is characterized by different cell types that show varying strengths of malaria parasite control. While the high frequencies of antigen responsive IFNγ+CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood keep the blood-stage parasites to a sub-microscopic level, it is the IFNγ+TNF+CD8+ γδ T cells that are associated with either immunity to the liver-stage, or rapid elimination of blood-stage parasites.
Aerosol-boundary layer interaction modulated entrainment process
Authors: Su Tianning , Li Zhanqing , Zheng Youtong , Wu Tong , Wu Hao , Guo Jianping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAerosol-boundary layer interactions play an important role in affecting atmospheric thermodynamics and air pollution. As a key factor in dictating the development of the boundary layer, the entrainment process in the context of aerosol-boundary layer interactions is still poorly understood. Using comprehensive field observations made at a superstation in Beijing, we gain insight into the response of the entrainment process to aerosols. We found that high aerosol loading can significantly suppress the entrainment rate, breaking the conventional linear relationship between sensible heat fluxes and entrainment fluxes. Related to aerosol vertical distributions, aerosol heating effects can alter vertical heat fluxes, leading to a strong interaction between aerosols and the entrainment process in the upper boundary layer. Such aerosol-entrainment coupling can inhibit boundary layer development and explains the great sensitivity of observed entrainment rates to aerosols than can traditional calculations. The notable impact of aerosols on the entrainment process raises holistic thinking about the dynamic framework of the boundary layer in a polluted atmosphere, which may have a significant bearing on the dispersion of air pollutants and the land-atmosphere coupling.
Diagnostic accuracy of telemedicine for detection of surgical site infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lathan Ross , Sidapra Misha , Yiasemidou Marina , Long Judith , Totty Joshua , Smith George , Chetter Ian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Sars-CoV-2 pandemic catalysed integration of telemedicine worldwide. This systematic review assesses it’s accuracy for diagnosis of Surgical Site Infection (SSI). Databases were searched for telemedicine and wound infection studies. All types of studies were included, only paired designs were taken to meta-analysis. QUADAS-2 assessed methodological quality. 1400 titles and abstracts were screened, 61 full text reports were assessed for eligibility and 17 studies were included in meta-analysis, mean age was 47.1 ± 13.3 years. Summary sensitivity and specificity was 87.8% (95% CI, 68.4–96.1) and 96.8% (95% CI 93.5–98.4) respectively. The overall SSI rate was 5.6%. Photograph methods had lower sensitivity and specificity at 63.9% (95% CI 30.4–87.8) and 92.6% (95% CI, 89.9–94.5). Telemedicine is highly specific for SSI diagnosis is highly specific, giving rise to great potential for utilisation excluding SSI. Further work is needed to investigate feasibility telemedicine in the elderly population group.
Two independent modes of kidney stone suppression achieved by AIM/CD5L and KIM-1
Authors: Matsuura Kyohei , Maehara Natsumi , Hirota Aika , Eguchi Ayaka , Yasuda Keisuke , Taniguchi Kaori , Nishijima Akemi , Matsuhashi Nobuyuki , Shiga Yoshiyuki , Ishii Rumi , Iguchi Yasuhiro , Tanabe Kazunari , Arai Satoko , Miyazaki Toru 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe prevalence of kidney stones is increasing and its recurrence rate within the first 5 years is over 50%. No treatments that prevent the occurrence/recurrence of stones have reached the clinic. Here, we show that AIM (also called CD5L) suppresses stone development and improves stone-associated physical damages. The N-terminal domain of AIM associates with calcium oxalate crystals via charge-based interaction to impede the development of stones, whereas the 2nd and C-terminal domains capture the inflammatory DAMPs to promote their phagocytic removal. Accordingly, when stones were induced by glyoxylate in mice, recombinant AIM (rAIM) injection dramatically reduced stone development. Expression of injury molecules and inflammatory cytokines in the kidney and overall renal dysfunction were abrogated by rAIM. Among various negatively charged substances, rAIM was most effective in stone prevention due to its high binding affinity to crystals. Furthermore, only AIM was effective in improving the physical complaints including bodyweight-loss through its DAMPs removal effect. We also found that tubular KIM-1 may remove developed stones. Our results could be the basis for the development of a comprehensive therapy against kidney stone disease.
Understanding SUMO-mediated adaptive responses in plants to improve crop productivity
Authors: Clark Lisa , Sue-Ob Kawinnat , Mukkawar Vaishnavi , Jones Andrew R. , Sadanandom Ari 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The response to abiotic and biotic stresses in plants and crops is considered a multifaceted process. Due to their sessile nature, plants have evolved unique mechanisms to ensure that developmental plasticity remains during their life cycle. Among these mechanisms, post-translational modifications (PTMs) are crucial components of adaptive responses in plants and transduce environmental stimuli into cellular signalling through the modulation of proteins. SUMOylation is an emerging PTM that has received recent attention due to its dynamic role in protein modification and has quickly been considered a significant component of adaptive mechanisms in plants during stress with great potential for agricultural improvement programs. In the present review, we outline the concept that small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-mediated response in plants and crops to abiotic and biotic stresses is a multifaceted process with each component of the SUMO cycle facilitating tolerance to several different environmental stresses. We also highlight the clear increase in SUMO genes in crops when compared with Arabidopsis thaliana. The SUMO system is understudied in crops, given the importance of SUMO for stress responses, and for some SUMO genes, the apparent expansion provides new avenues to discover SUMO-conjugated targets that could regulate beneficial agronomical traits.
Opioidsubstitutionsbehandlung im Justizvollzug: Der Vergabeaufwand
von Buprenorphin-Depot im Vergleich zu anderen Substitutionsmedikamenten
– eine gesundheitsökonomische Modellrechnung
Authors: Stöver Heino , Keppler Karlheinz 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungAus einer gesundheitsökonomischen Perspektive werden Überlegungen
zu adäquaten Formen der Organisation und Medikamentenwahl in der
Opioidsubstitutionsbehandlung opioidabhängiger Gefangenen –
v. a. im Hinblick auf Depot-Anwendungen bei der Behandlung –
angestellt.
Genetic Profile in Genes Associated with Sports Injuries in Elite
Endurance Athletes
Authors: Varillas-Delgado David , Gutierrez-Hellín Jorge , Maestro Antonio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInjuries are a complex trait that can stem from the interaction of several genes.
The aim of this research was to examine the relationship between muscle
performance-related genes and overuse injury risk in elite endurance athletes,
and to examine the feasibility of determining a total genotype score that
significantly correlates with injury. A cohort of 100 elite endurance athletes
(50 male and 50 female) was selected. AMPD1 (rs17602729), ACE
(rs4646994), ACTN3 (rs1815739), CKM (rs8111989) and MLCK
([rs2849757] and [rs2700352]) polymorphisms were genotyped by using real-time
polymerase chain reaction (real time-PCR). Injury characteristics during the
athletic season were classified following the Consensus Statement for injuries
evaluation. The mean total genotype score (TGS) in non-injured athletes
(68.263±13.197 arbitrary units [a.u.]) was different from that of
injured athletes (50.037±17.293 a.u., p<0.001). The distribution
of allelic frequencies in the AMPD1 polymorphism was also different
between non-injured and injured athletes (p<0.001). There was a TGS
cut-off point (59.085 a.u.) to discriminate non-injured from injured athletes
with an odds ratio of 7.400 (95% CI 2.548–21.495,
p<0.001). TGS analysis appears to correlate with elite endurance
athletes at higher risk for injury. Further study may help to develop this as
one potential tool to help predict injury risk in this population.
Comparing correlation components and approximations in Hartree–Fock and Kohn–Sham theories via an analytical test case study
Authors: Giarrusso Sara , Pribram-Jones Aurora 
Published: August 2022

The asymmetric Hubbard dimer is a model that allows for explicit expressions of the Hartree–Fock (HF) and Kohn–Sham (KS) states as analytical functions of the external potential, Δv, and of the interaction strength, U. We use this unique circumstance to establish a rigorous comparison between the individual contributions to the correlation energies stemming from the two theories in the {U, Δv} parameter space. Within this analysis of the Hubbard dimer, we observe a change in the sign of the HF kinetic correlation energy, compare the indirect repulsion energies, and derive an expression for the “traditional” correlation energy, i.e., the one that corrects the HF estimate, in a pure site-occupation function theory spirit [Eq. (45)]. Next, we test the performances of the Liu–Burke and the Seidl–Perdew–Levy functionals, which model the correlation energy based on its weak- and strong-interaction limit expansions and can be used for both the traditional and the KS correlation energies. Our results show that, in the Hubbard dimer setting, they typically work better for the HF reference, despite having been originally devised for KS. These conclusions are somewhat in line with prior assessments of these functionals on various chemical datasets. However, the Hubbard dimer model allows us to show the extent of the error that may occur in using the strong-interaction ingredient for the KS reference in place of the one for the HF reference, as has been carried out in most of the prior assessments.
Dissociative electron attachment to p-fluoranil and p-chloranil
Authors: Asfandiarov N. L. , Galeev R. V. , Pshenichnyuk S. A. 
Published: August 2022

The processes of formation and decay of negative molecular ions (NMI) of p-fluoranil [2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-1,4-benzoquinone (FA)] and p-chloranil [2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone (CA)] in the gas phase were investigated. In both cases, long-lived NMIs were found in two resonances, at thermal electron energies and in the region of 0.8–0.9 eV, with lifetimes relative to electron ejection of τa ∼ 600 µs. The dissociation of molecular NIs with the formation of fragment ions [M-COF2]−, [M-CO]−, and Cl− proceeds at microsecond times, which is confirmed by the registration of the corresponding metastable ions. It is shown that the dependence of the lifetime of MNIs on the electron energy can be explained by the presence of a transition state at an energy of ∼0.5 eV.
Off-critical wetting layer divergence at the liquid/vapor interface of binary liquid mixtures
Authors: Williamson J. Charles , Weatherford Emily E. , DenBeste Makayla M. , Riley K. Caroline , Yee Estella F. , Rogers Sawyer T. , Tibbetts Clara A. 
Published: August 2022

Surface wetting phenomena impact chemistry, physics, biology, and engineering. The wetting behaviors of partially miscible binary liquid systems are especially complex. Here, we report evidence of universal behavior in the divergence of wetting layer growth at liquid–vapor interfaces of the cyclohexane + aniline, hexane + o-toluidine, and methanol + carbon disulfide systems. Layer growth on the micron scale was followed using visible light scattering from stirred samples. The layer thicknesses were found to diverge with decreasing temperature when coexistence was approached from the one-phase region, but only for solutions richer in the higher density/higher surface tension component. The onset of divergence was &lt;1 K above the bulk coexistence temperature; nearer the critical composition, the onset temperature was the critical temperature itself. All three systems showed identical divergent wetting properties after variable normalization. In contrast, no divergent wetting layer formation was seen in the benzene + 1,2-propanediol or water + phenol systems. The mathematical sign of the Hamaker constant correlates with the contrasting behaviors. Collectively, these results have implications for theoretical descriptions of adsorption layer growth and crossover behavior, for measurements of complete wetting temperatures, and for practical applications.
Thermal analysis of the ceramic material and evaluation of the bonding behavior of silicon-ceramic composite substrates
Authors: Mohr-Weidenfeller Laura , Kleinholz Cathleen , Müller Björn , Gropp Sebastian , Günther-Müller Sarah , Fischer Michael , Müller Jens , Strehle Steffen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Thermal bonding of silicon and low-temperature cofired ceramics (LTCC) at sintering temperatures of 900 °C represents currently the standard process in silicon-ceramic composite (SiCer) substrate fabrication. We analyse the thermal behavior of the LTCC using thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and laser flash analysis. The thermal decomposition could be identified with a mass loss of 24% in the temperature range up to 1000 °C what influences the thermal diffusivity with values from about 0.19 mm2 s−1 before thermal treatment to below 0.10 mm2 s−1 after thermal treatment. A specific heat capacity of 1–2 J (g · K)−1 is calculated. Further, an influence of low-temperature lamination of the LTCC seems to have an influence on the thermal behaviour. The sintering process was investigated with temperatures of 550 °C, 730 °C and 900 °C, applied pressures of 12.2 kPa and 6.1 kPa and intermediate wetting layers of TiO2 (normal deposition and oblique angle deposition). Optical observations, ultrasonic and scanning electron microscopy, and pull-tests are used to compare the properties of the sintered SiCer substrates. Whereas the sintering temperature has an obvious impact on the sintering behaviour of the LTCC, a direct conclusion of parameter variation on the bonding result was not observed.