bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selection and Identification of a Model of Elasto-Viscoplasticity of the Filled Fluorocomposite according to Free and Constrained Compression Tests
Authors: Petukhov D. S. , Adamov A. A. , Keller I. E. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Properties of filled composites based on polytetrafluoroethylene allow them to work at high contact pressures, reciprocating nature of shear loads, and in a wide temperature range. Due to this, they are used as antifriction layers of bearing parts with ball segment. To simulate the mechanical behavior of such materials under operating conditions, adequate constitutive equations of elasto-viscoplasticity and methods of their identification according to the data of basic experiments are needed.Materials and Methods. The tensor-linear model of elasto-viscoplasticity should be identified according to the data of tests on free compression of samples. They were subjected to loading up to a maximum deformation of 10 %, allowed to remain, unloaded, and then, a similar loading cycle up to 160 MPa under constrained compression was carried out. The experiment with a composite based on polytetrafluoroethylene filled with 40 wt. % fine bronze, was conducted at room temperature. Tests for constrained compression were performed for two values of the strain rate, and for free compression – for three values of the strain rate in the range of 10-6 – 10-3 s-1. For the description, two models of elasto-viscoplasticity were considered, representing modifications of Swain and Kletschkowski’s models and corresponding to the connection of a viscoelastic or elastic nonlinear viscous element with a plastic or endochronic element. An integral operator with a Kohlrausch kernel was considered as a viscoelastic element.Results. The results of the constrained compression tests made it possible to separate the elastic relationship of volumetric deformations and average stresses from the constitutive relations. The data of free compression cycles at different strain rates were used to determine the material constants of the model. For this purpose, an efficient search algorithm based on the simplex method of minimizing the discrepancy was implemented. Both models discovered the importance of the plastic component (independent of the deformation rate) for a qualitative description of the stress cycling that accompanied the cyclic deformation, as well as their dependence on the strain rate.Discussion and Conclusions. Both models of elasto-viscoplasticity described correctly the behavior of the studied fluorocomposite under loading conditions close to the operating conditions of the antifriction layers of the bearing parts with ball segment. They can be considered as a basis for their further generalization, taking into account the dependence on temperature.
Increasing the Durability of Butt-Welded Joints Operating under Cyclic Loads in a Biaxial Stress Field
Authors: Lyudmirsky Yu. G. , Leonov V. P. , Assaulenko S. S. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. In sheet and hull structures operating under pressure, destruction, as a rule, is localized along the transition line from the base metal to the weld metal. Methods of increasing the durability of butt-welded joints, which are aimed at reducing stress concentration and creating favorable residual compression stresses, are described.Materials and Methods. The tests were carried out on an installation for biaxial bending, which created a biaxial stress field. Factory-made coupons and samples with an additionally processed transition zone from the weld metal to the base metal were tested. The effectiveness of further processing is shown by the following methods:– abrading;– grit hardening;– abrading with grit hardening;– melting of the fusion line in argon without filler wire;– melting of the fusion line in argon with filler wire EP-410U;– melting of the fusion line without filler wire with plastic deformation between narrow rollers.Results. The origin, development of destruction, and its features were analyzed using different methods of further processing of joint welds. Confidence spans (95 %) of the origin and development of failures for joint welds and base metal were calculated. The efficiency of the proposed methods for further processing was evaluated.Discussion and Conclusions. An analysis of the effectiveness of methods for increasing the durability of butt-welded joints has shown that the creation of a smooth transition from the weld metal to the base metal reduces significantly the stress concentration. This provides increasing the number of cycles before the onset of destruction and the survivability of compounds. Due to compressive stresses in the near-weld area, it is possible to increase the durability of joint welds. The most effective methods of further processing of welds combine the reduction of stress concentration and the creation of residual compression stresses. The high-tech solution is remelting the transition zone in an argon medium with an additional EP-410U filler wire.
Solving the Problem of Determining the Mechanical Properties of Road Structure Materials Using Neural Network Technologies
Authors: Babushkina N. E. , Lyapin A. A. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Determination of mechanical properties of layered structures of highways is an urgent task. This is due, firstly, to the need to control the quality of new sections during the construction of highways. Secondly, to assess the condition of existing roads with the accumulation of damage and defects is of interest. The formation of multiple defects (cracks) changes the averaged viscoelastic properties of the components of the structure, specifically, the surface asphalt-concrete layers. The article discusses the use of neural network technologies to improve the accuracy of the recovery of viscoelastic properties. This approach is based on experimental methods. As an example, we can give the definition of the dynamic deflection of a structure from a falling weight, FWD.Materials and Methods. The elastic modulus of a three-layer structure was determined on the basis of a neural network. To find out the solution accuracy, it was compared to the results of mathematical modeling and experimental data.Results. The experimental and calculated parameters of the elastic modulus of individual layers of the road structure turned out to be very close. The proposed approach to determining the mechanical properties of materials of road structures allowed us to apply the obtained results to examination of the condition of individual elements and the entire road structure.Discussion and Conclusions. The prospects of using artificial intelligence to determine the mechanical properties of layered structures was shown. Further improvement of methods and tools for analyzing the behavior of road structures under dynamic loading will expand existing approaches to assessing the condition of road structures.
DIGITAL LITERACY OF TEACHERS
Authors: Глухов Андрей Петрович , Камнева Ольга Сергеевна , Соломина Ирина Геннадбевна 
Published: October 2022

Отмечается, что переход на дистанционный формат обучения в период пандемии выявил низкий уровень цифровой грамотности педагогов, что препятствует эффективной организации учебного процесса инструментами онлайн. Акцентируется внимание на недостаточности разработки критериев и индикаторов цифровой грамотности среди педагогов, отсутствии ее мониторинга в организациях общего образования. Анализируются подходы зарубежных и российских исследователей к определению содержания понятия цифровой грамотности как ориентира цифровой трансформации системы образования. На основе самооценки педагогов определяются дефициты в их цифровой подготовке в условиях организации дистанционного обучения в системе общего образования на базе анализа ситуации в Сибирском федеральном округе. Предлагается предварительная сравнительная оценка структуры и уровня цифровой грамотности учителей, полученная на основе самоанализа адаптационных образовательных практик педагогов в период пандемического кризиса.
It is noted that the transition to a distance learning format during the pandemic revealed a low level of digital literacy of teachers, which hinders the effective organization of the educational process with online tools. Attention is focused on the lack of development of criteria and indicators of digital literacy among teachers, the lack of its monitoring in general education organizations. The approaches of foreign and Russian researchers to the definition of the content of the concept of digital literacy as a benchmark for the digital transformation of the education system are analyzed. The authors adhered to an expanded interpretation of digital literacy as an element of mastering the culture of the digital age, which implies the presence of broad competencies in the field of search, production, communication and distribution of digital content and information, as well as the conversion of digital skills into pedagogical technologies. In order to identify the understanding of the structure of digital literacy by teachers in the context of limited remote interaction using digital means, the authors used the focus group method in an online format to conduct the study. Based on self-assessment of teachers, deficits in digital pedagogical training of teachers are determined in the context of organizing distance learning in the system of general education based on an analysis of the situation in the Siberian Federal District. A preliminary comparative assessment of the structure and level of digital literacy with students, obtained on the basis of self-analysis of the adaptive educational practices of teachers during the pandemic crisis, is proposed.
Pengaturan Pembungaan pada Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava L.) 'Kristal' dengan Penggunaan Paklobutrazol dan BAP
Authors: Hasanah Novita Nur , Widyatuti R. A. Diana , Karyanto Agus , Ginting Yohannes Cahya , Nur Muhammad 
Published: October 2022

Guava plant 'Crystal' is a horticultural commodity that can produce fruit throughout the year, but the availability of fruit must be maintained. In maintaining the continuity of the availability of the fruit, an alternative is needed to regulate the flowering of 'Crystal' guava plants in order to meet market demand. This can be done by giving Growth Regulators (ZPT) such as Paklobutrazol and Benzyl Amino Purines (BAP). This study aims to determine (1) the effect of Paklobutrazol in increasing the flowering of 'Kristal' guava plants, (2) the effect of BAP on increasing the flowering of 'Crystal' guava plants, and (3) the effect of the interaction of the best treatment between Paklobutrazol and BAP in increasing flowering. guava plant 'Crystal'. The method used in this study was factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) with two treatment factors which included the administration of Paklobutrazole (P) with three levels and the treatment factor of giving BAP (N) with three levels. The results showed that 1) Paklobutrazol treatment with a concentration of 8,000 ppm increased the number of generative shoot variables, the number of blooms, the number of ovules, the number of fruits, and the weight of the fruit; 2) administration of 100 ppm BAP increased the number of vegetative shoots and number of leaves; 3) the treatment between Paklobutrazol and BAP only occurred in the variable number of vegetative shoots, the highest was produced by the 100 ppm BAP and 100 ppm Paklobutrazole treatments, namely 160 vegetative shoots.. Keywords: paclobutrazole, 'Crystal' guava, and BAP
Human Capital as A Determinant of Service Quality in Accredited Universities in Kenya
Authors: Nyongesa Godfrey , Mbugua Dr. Doris , Boit Dr. Rose 
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of human capital on the service quality of accredited universities in Kenya. The study was guided by the positivist domain which is a major doctrine or theory in social sciences largely used in survey types of research. The study employed both a crosssectional research design and an explanatory research design. The target population comprised 74 public and private universities in Kenya. The sample size was 222 respondents. The main data collection tool was a questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Findings established that human capital had a significantly positive relationship with service quality. Human capital explained about 38% of the variation in service quality of accredited universities in Kenya. The practical implications for the study are that the human capital such as strategic leaders in universities should be aligned and increase their adoption of strategic leadership practices in order to inspire good managerial practices in universities. Additionally, the finding that human capital affects service quality is consistent with the Upper Echelons theory. This theory offers a framework for viewing leaders as wise, experienced, and educated change agents who serve as critical assets capable of enhancing service quality in their institutions.
GPS Application in the Design of Gearboxes
Authors: Maláková Silvia , Sivák Samuel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The integrated geometrical product specification (GPS) system for workpiece geometry specification and verification is an improved engineering tool for product development and production. The goal of the GPS system is to provide tools for cost-effective management of variability in products and processes. This can be achieved by using a more precise way of expressing the functional requirements of the workpiece, complete and well-defined specifications and integrated verification approaches. The intended function of the product is ensured by controlling the geometry and material properties of the workpiece parts, which make up the product. GPS is a language just for checking geometry, and further development is based on computational mathematics and correct, consistent logic using general sets of rules that can be applied to all types of specifications. This article deals with the application of GPS rules in the design of gearboxes.
Impact of an online spiritual care course on perceived competency in spiritual care of students in social and health care professions / Wirksamkeit eines Online-Spiritual Care-Seminars auf die wahrgenommene Spiritual Care-Kompetenz bei Studierenden in Sozial- und Gesundheitsberufen
Authors: Magin Susanne , Frick Eckhard , Maier Kathrin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study examines the impact of an online spiritual care course on perceived spiritual care competency of students in social and health care professions. A quasi-experimental, pre-post-test study using questionnaires was conducted in Bavaria, Southern Germany, with a sample of 78 participants and 67 respondents in a comparison group. A repeated measures ANOVA was performed, with time and group as factors. Statistically significant increases were found in participants' perceived knowledge, skills, and attitudes concerning spiritual care, in different facets of spiritual care competency, in spiritual awareness, and in general self-efficacy (p < .05). Results suggest the effectiveness of online spiritual care training, which can help prepare future caregivers in providing holistic care.
Double Trouble: Interrupting DAPT and COVID-19
Authors: Mihăilă Theofana , Roșca Aurelian , Ion Bianca 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Cardiovascular disorders have been described as relevant risk factor for severe COVID infection. Stent thrombosis is a life-threatening complication that may occur subacutely. We present an interesting case of a middle-aged woman who developed acute stent thrombosis while interrupting dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) ticagrelor, during an episode of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In our case, the patient’s not-compliance to DAPT, associated with COVID-19 infection and a hyperinflammatory and hypercoagulable state associated with it played a major role in the development of stent thrombosis. The hypercoagulable and hyperinflammatory state associated with COVID-19 has important implications for cardiac patients, especially those undergoing complex coronary intervention, predisposing them to an increased risk of post-PCI complications.
Current Achievements of the Latvian Apple Breeding Programme
Authors: Ikase Laila , Drudze Inese , Lācis Gunārs 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The commercial apple growing industry in Latvia has a lack of climate adapted modern cultivars. The Latvian apple breeding programme is targeted at cultivars adapted to the cool climate of Baltic countries and Scandinavia, with fruit quality and storage suitable for commercial production. Since 1989, scab resistance (Rvi6, Rvi5) donors are included in crosses. Several cultivars already show commercial promise — ‘Dace’, ‘Gita’, ’Monta’ (Rvi6) and the polygenic resistant ‘Laila’ and ‘Pure Ametist’. However, in 2020, the Rvi6 resistance was overcome in Latvia. Donors of polygenic scab tolerance may prove a better alternative. The most successful donors have been ‘Iedzēnu’, ‘Eksotika’, ‘Alesya’, and ‘Bohemia’. Marker assisted gene pyramiding was started, including markers linked to the resistance genes Rvi5 and Rvi6. Scab resistant cultivars ‘Edite’, ‘Felicita’, ‘Ligita’, and ‘Paulis’ show low susceptibility to Neonectria ditissima canker. To achieve high fruit quality and good storage, worldwide commercial cultivars are crossed with local adapted cultivars. Such crosses that have been registered include ‘Inta’, ‘Lora’, and ‘Saulesmeita’. Recent crosses for quality include ‘Honeycrisp’, where H-1-07-36 and H-1-07-42 show most promise. Improved biochemical content and flesh structure is one of the main targets. An additional line of breeding is aimed at ornamental and cider apples. The scab resistant Nr.19-97-154 (Cidross) was selected for cider. The red leaf columnar apple ‘Karlens’ and the compact red-leaf crab ‘Auce’ have been registered.
Cold Resistance of Flower Buds of Latvian Plum Cultivars
Authors: Grāvīte Ilze 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Cold resistance of fruit tree buds is very important. Climate change brings unstable winters, and the temperature often fluctuates and creates many problems in fruit growing. Research on bud cold damage was conducted during three years (2019–2021) at the Institute of Horticulture. Three Latvian plum cultivars, ‘Ance’, ‘Adelyn’, and ‘Sonora’, were studied, while cultivar ‘Jubileum’ was used as a control. This study aimed to determine the cold resistance of flower buds and vegetative buds of plum cultivars after the deep dormancy period. Evaluation of buds was done on one-year-old shoots and spurs. Evaluation of cold damage on flower buds and vegetative buds was done after the deep dormancy period: in February 2019 and at the end of January 2020 and 2021, after keeping the buds for a limited time in temperatures thresholds of –20 °C, –25 °C, –30 °C, –35 °C in alternating climate chambers. The results showed significant differences among cultivars, years, and between branch types. Vegetative buds for all cultivars were without significant cold damage. Up to –30 °C wood browning was observed near the base of buds. A significant amount of flower bud damage (up to 100%) was observed in 2020, in a temperature threshold until –30 °C for both types of branches. The most durable cultivars were ‘Ance’ and ‘Adelyn’ (up to –25 °C, bud survival was near 100%) all three years. ‘Jubileum’ had the most vulnerable flower buds. The lowest low-temperature damage for all cultivars was in 2021. For one-year-old shoots, bud damage only occurred at –35 °C for all cultivars all years.
Preliminary Assessment of the Relationship between Pigments in Olive Leaves and Vegetation Indices
Authors: Marques Pedro , Carvalho Rosa , Fernandes-Silva Anabela 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Content of leaf pigments such as chlorophyll a and b, chlorophyll a+b and carotenoids can provide valuable insight into the physiological performance of plants. These compounds have selective proprieties for light absorption and reflectance in the visible spectra that can be used to evaluate alternative methods to biochemical to estimate their content. Numerous studies in the literature have established correlations between these compounds, spectral reflectance and vegetation indices. Nevertheless, the appropriate use of these indices depends on plant species and cultivars. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the most common vegetation indices for the estimation of chlorophyll a and b, chlorophyll a+b and carotenoids of three olive tree cultivars (Olea europaea L, cv. Cobrançosa, cv. Verdeal Transmontana and cv. Madural) under six irrigation treatments, using spectroscopy. The results showed that the correlation between leaf pigments and vegetation indices depends not only on the type of pigment but also on the cultivar. Among the studied cultivars, cv. Cobrançosa showed the best correlation between the “M Locherer chlorophyll” index (MLO) and chlorophyll a content (r2 = 0.66) and for the carotenoid reflectance index (CRI) 2 and carotenoids content (r2 = 0.87). Although the results are preliminary, it seems that vegetation indices could be a useful tool for leaf pigment evaluation, and to give information about plant interactions with biotic and abiotic environmental stress conditions.
Mixing Hydrogel Granules into Peat Substrate Improves Germination and Enhances Growth and Physiological Performance of Tomato Seedlings
Authors: Balliu Astrit , Haxhiu Erjald , Sallaku Glenda 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The effects of hydrogel granules mixed with peat substrate on germination, morphological and physiological parameters of plugged seedlings were tested in tomato seedlings, at two different irrigation regimes. Due to hydrogel presence, the germination speed was increased, whereas mean germination time was significantly reduced. Slight improvement was recorded regarding final germination, but no effect was found regarding the synchronisation index and seedling vigour index. Due to addition of hydrogel granules a significant increase occurred in dry matter of shoots and plants. No effect was found regarding dry matter of roots, but the presence of hydrogel granules significantly reduced the length of tap root. Interestingly, stomata conductance and chlorophyll index were higher than in control plants. No statistically significant interaction was found between hydrogel variants and irrigation frequency, i.e., the effect of different levels of hydrogel variants did not depend on irrigation frequency. Therefore, we recommend mixing hydrogel capsules into the substrate of plug seedlings to improve the morphological and physiological parameters of seedlings and reduce water and fertiliser leaching into the environment.
ابتلاءات الله عزَّ وجلَّ لعباده وطرق التعامل معها
Authors: Muhammad Ali Hala Adnan 
Published: October 2022

يتعرض الإنسان في حياته لأنواع مختلفة من الابتلاءات، والابتلاء والبلاء كلاهما امتحان واختبار من الله تعالى لعباده، ويكونان بالسراء والضراء، ويقعان شرعاً وقدراً، قال تعالى: [ وَنَبْلُوكُمْ بِالشَّرِّ وَالْخَيْرِ فِتْنَةً وَإِلَيْنَا تُرْجَعُونَ ] (الأنبياء, الآية: ٣٥)، فالتكاليف الشرعية من أفعال وأقوال أمر الله بها أو نهى عنها، وكذلك مقادير الخير والشر كل ذلك ما يُمتحن به العبد، وإن كان استعمال الابتلاء في الشر والضر والأمور الشاقة أغلب، وقد تعرض خير البشر على الإطلاق وهم الأنبياء والرسل والأولياء والصالحين لأنواع من الابتلاءات، فمنهم من يُكذب، ومنهم من يُستهزأ به، ومنهم مَن يُرجم، ومنهم من يُلقى في النار، ومنهم مَن يُبتلى بالمرض وهكذا، ومع شدة هذه الابتلاءات وقسوتها نجد أن المؤمن يصبر ويتحمل هذه المشاق والتكاليف لإيمانه الجازم ويقينه الثابت بقضاء الله وقدره، وإيمانه بأنَّه لا يقع شيء في الكون بغير إرادة الله واختياره، وهذا الإيمان واليقين هو الذي يخفف عن الإنسان شدة ما يرى من ألم ومرض وحزن وفقدان للمال والولد والصاحب، لهذا جاء هذا البحث ليبيَّن ابتلاءات الله سبحانه وتعالى لعباده وطرق التعامل معها، فتكون هذا البحث من مقدمة ومبحثين، تناولنا فيه معنى البلاء في اللغة والاصطلاح، وذكرنا صور من ابتلاءات الله لعباده من الأنبياء والأولياء والصالحين، ثم بيَّنا طرق التعامل مع هذه الابتلاءات من منظور إسلامي، ثم ختمنا البحث بخاتمة تضمنت أهم النتائج التي توصلنا إليها.