bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic Dysregulation in Adult Survivors of Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: The Role of Incretins
Authors: Vadmand Amalia Christina , Nissen Anne Anker , Mathiesen Sidsel , Soerum Maria Ebbesen , Gerbek Tina , Fridh Martin Kaj , Sørensen Kaspar , Hartmann Bolette , Holst Jens Juul , Müller Klaus 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Context
Survivors of pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS), but the mechanisms are poorly understood.

Objective
We aimed to test the hypothesis that insufficient secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) plays a pathogenetic role in HSCT survivors with MetS.

Methods
This cross-sectional cohort study, conducted at the Danish national referral center for HSCT, studied 42 male HSCT survivors (median age 28.9 years) for a median 21.2 years from HSCT, along with 15 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Main outcome measures were glucose metabolism and incretin hormones (by oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT]) and MetS criteria. The hypothesis was formulated before data collection.

Results
GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon during an OGTT were similar in patients and controls, with no overall difference between survivors with (24%) and without MetS. However, fasting glucagon was significantly higher in patients with hypertriglyceridemia (mean difference [MD]: 6.1 pmol/L; 95% CI, 1.5-10.8; P = 0.01), and correlated with HDL (MD: 4.7 mmol/L; 95% CI, −0.6 to 9.9; P = 0.08), android-gynoid ratio (correlation coefficient [r] = 0.6, P = 0.0001) and waist-hip ratio (r = 0.5, P = 0.002). A similar pattern was seen for GIP, correlating positively with triglyceride (MD: 60%; 95% CI, 44-82; P = 0.002). GIP levels were significantly increased in patients treated with total body irradiation (TBI) (MD: 165%; 95% CI, 118-230; P = 0.004), which was found to be a significant risk factor for MetS.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates an altered production of incretin hormones in HSCT survivors previously treated with TBI, developing dyslipidemia and abdominal adiposity.
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Normal Prepregnant Weight
Authors: Qian Yiling , Zhang Yu , Fan Xiaofang , Yan Hongmei , Li Xuesong , Fan Yujuan , Song Yuping , Ma Shuai , Hu Zheng , Gao Xin , Yang Jialin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Context
Existing studies focusing on the effects of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) combined with normal prepregnant weight on pregnancy outcomes are limited.

Objective
This study aimed to explore the relationship between maternal NAFLD and adverse pregnancy outcomes in different body mass index (BMI) groups.

Methods
Using an antenatal care and delivery database, we retrospectively analyzed women who delivered in Minhang Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China from January 1, 2013, to June 30, 2020. NAFLD was confirmed by ultrasound in early pregnancy. A logistic regression model with adjustment for confounders was used to examine potential associations between NAFLD and pregnancy outcomes.

Results
A total of 14 708 pregnant women (mean prepregnant BMI 21.0 [SD, 2.8] kg/m2) were included in our final study, of whom 554 (3.8%) had NAFLD. After fully adjusting for potential confounders, NAFLD significantly increased the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (adjusted odds ratio 2.477; 95% CI, 1.885-3.254), gestational hypertension (3.054; 2.191-4.257), preeclampsia/eclampsia (3.994; 2.591-6.005), cesarean section (1.569; 1.315-1.872), preterm births (1.831; 1.229-2.727), and macrosomia (1.691; 1.300-2.198). It is notable that 83.9% (12 338) of women were of normal weight at the start of pregnancy (prepregnant 18.5 ≤ BMI &lt; 24 kg/m2), and they still had higher odds of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Conclusion
Women with NAFLD and a normal weight have a higher risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Pregnant women with NAFLD, regardless of obesity status, should be offered a more qualified surveillance to optimize pregnancy outcomes.
Clinico-radiological nomogram for preoperatively predicting post-resection hepatic metastasis in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yang Haiting , Sun Jianqing , Liu Hong , Liu Xianwang , She Yingxia , Zhang Wenjuan , Zhou Junlin 
Published: October 2022

Objective: To establish and validate a model comprising clinical and radiological features to pre-operatively predict post-resection hepatic metastasis (HM) in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 461 patients (HM, 106 patients); and non-metastasis (NM, 355 patients) who were confirmed to have GAC post-surgery. The patients were randomly divided into the training (n = 307) and testing (n = 154) cohorts in a 2:1 ratio. The main clinical risk factors were filtered using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm according to their diagnostic value. The selected factors were then used to establish a clinical–radiological model using stepwise logistic regression. The Akaike’s information criterion and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were used to evaluate the prediction performance of the model. Results: Logistic regression analysis showed that the peak enhancement phase, tumor location, alpha-fetoprotein, cancer antigen (CA)−125, CA724 levels, CT-based Tstage and arterial phase CT values were important independent predictors. Based on these predictors, the areas under the ROC curve of the training and testing cohorts were 0.864 and 0.832, respectively, for predicting post-operative HM. Conclusion: This study built a synthetical nomogram using the pre-operative clinical and radiological features of patients to predict the likelihood of HM occurring after GAC surgery. It may help guide pre-operative clinical decision-making and benefit patients with GAC in the future. Advances in knowledge: 1. The combination of clinical risk factors and CT imaging features provided useful information for predicting HM in GAC. 2. A clinicoradiological nomogram is a tool for the pre-operative prediction of HM in patients with GAC.
Glycated Albumin and Angiopoietin-2: Possible indicators of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type-Two Diabetes
Authors: Ijaz Kanwal , Ali Bahoo Muhammad Luqman , Niaz Sobia , Ahmad Hafiz Usman 
Published: October 2022

Objectives: To compare the levels of glycated albumin and angiopoietin-2 in Type-Two diabetics with and without diabetic retinopathy.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional comparative study done at University of Health Sciences, Lahore after collecting data from recruited patients from the outpatient department of Layton Rahmatulla Benevolent Trust Eye Hospital, Lahore from 1st July, 2016 to 30th Aug., 2017. A total of 80 type two diabetics of both genders fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included and divided in two groups based on absence and presence of diabetic retinopathy. Obtained data were analyzed using IBM SPSS for Windows software (version 22). For comparison of both groups, Independent “t” Test or Mann-Whitney U tests were applied accordingly. For correlation of quantitative variables in each group, Spearman rho correlation and Pearson correlation test were applied depending upon normality of data.
Results: Among 80 type-two diabetics, 42 (52.5%) patients had diabetic retinopathy and 38 (47.5%) were without diabetic retinopathy. Overall, females (62.5%) outnumbered males (37.5%). Both study group were age matched (p=0.45). Mean serum albumin in diabetic retinopathy and non-diabetic retinopathy group was 4.20 ±0.56 gm/dL and 4.43 ±0.39 gm/dL respectively (p=0.031). In diabetic retinopathy group, mean glycated albumin was 1.48 (0.63-1.76) gm/dL and median IQR in non-diabetic retinopathy was 0.52 (0.23-1.10) gm/dL (p=0.003). In diabetic retinopathy group, mean glycated albumin (percent) was 30.71±18.63% and in non-diabetic retinopathy group, the median IQR was 11.80 (5.06-27.25) (p= 0.001). The angiopoietin-2 median IQR in diabetic retinopathy group 5.70 (5.47-5.80) was significantly different (p=0.033) from diabetics without diabetic retinopathy groups 5.40 (4.97-5.60).
Conclusion: Our study reported raised levels of glycated albumin (percent) and angiopoietin-2 in type-two diabetics, highlighting their possible involvement in disease and its progression.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5579
How to cite this:Ijaz K, Bahoo MLA, Niaz S, Ahmad HU . Glycated Albumin and Angiopoietin-2: Possible indicators of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type-Two Diabetes. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5579
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Evaluating the role of a fully automated SARS-CoV-2 antigen ECLIA immunoassay in the management of the SARS COV 2 pandemic on general population
Authors: Carta Mariarosa , Pascarella Michela , Cappelletti Anna , Rassu Mario , Giavarina Davide 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) automated assays (fourth-generation antigen test) for SARS-CoV-2 detection are promising because of their analytical productivity, but have lower sensitivity and specificity than rt-PCR assays. The authors of this paper evaluated a recent immunoassay implemented on Siemens Atellica IM, investigating how much this could affect the actual feasibility of this diagnostic during the pandemic.

Methods
From the three-day routine 134 positive and 241 negative swab samples by rt-PCR test were evaluated, selected as 1/3 positive – 2/3 negative.

Results
Using rt-PCR as gold standard, the specificity of immunoassay was 96.7%, while sensitivity was 68.0%. Sensitivity is inversely proportional to the viral load: 100% for cycles threshold (CT) values from 14 to 29, 95% until 30 CT, then 85, 74, 72, 68%, for 31–35 CT respectively.

Conclusions
Our study confirms the reliability of the fourth-generation antigen assay in recognizing negative samples. Conversely, sensitivity appears to be less reliable (68.0%) than reported in the literature. This could be due to a non-randomized study group: many swab samples were taken from patients with expected low viral load (hospitalized for COVID for more than 10–12 days or asymptomatic patients for epidemiological surveillance). The strong correlation of sensitivity and viral load could prove significant to track the infectiousness of infected people, as previous studies reported that a viral load of at least 10E6 copies of RNA/mL, corresponding to 25 CT, is the threshold of transmission of the disease.
Exploration of meteorin-like peptide (metrnl) predictors in type 2 diabetic patients: the potential role of irisin, and other biochemical parameters
Authors: Khajebishak Yaser , Faghfouri Amir Hossein , Soleimani Ali , Madani Sadra , Payahoo Laleh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Meteorin-like peptide (Metrnl), the newly discovered adipokines involves in glucose and lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to explore the potential predictors of Metrnl by emphasizing the Irisin, glycemic indices, and lipid profile biomarkers in type 2 diabetic patients.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was carried out on 32 obese types 2 diabetic patients, 31 healthy obese, and 30 healthy normal weight people between August 2020 and March 2021. Serum Metrnl and Irisin, fasting blood glucose (FBS), fasting insulin (FI), fasting insulin (FI), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), HbA1c and eAG levels were measured in a standard manner. To assay insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity, the homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) and quantitative check index (QUICKI) model were used. Quantile regression analysis with the backward elimination method was used to explore predictors. The significant level was defined as p<0.05.

Results
Between variables entered into the model, only the group item showed to be the main predictor of Metrnl in type 2 diabetic patients. Besides, the serum level of Irisin was lower in diabetic patients, and a significant difference was detected between obese diabetic patients and the normal weight group (p=0.024).

Conclusions
Given the multi-causality of diabetes and also the possible therapeutic role of Metrnl in the management of type 2 diabetic patients’ abnormalities, designing future studies are needed to discover other predictors of Metrnl and the related mechanisms of Metrnl in the management of diabetes.
The relationship between humor and women’s body image concerns and eating behaviors
Authors: Fasoli Fabio , Ogden Jane , Johnson Susie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Humor is considered a coping strategy that is associated with well-being and positive self-esteem. The role of humor in relation to body image and eating behaviors has rarely been investigated. This cross-sectional study (n = 216) examined the relationship between general coping humor and humor styles targeting the self, namely self-enhancing and self-defeating humor, and body image and eating behaviors. Results showed that adaptive self-enhancing humor was associated with body appreciation and compassion, whilst maladaptive self-defeating humor was related to body criticism, drive for thinness, and emotional eating. General coping humor played almost no role. We also examined humor clusters and found that body appreciation and body kindness were higher in self-enhancers than self-defeaters and higher in humor endorsers than humor deniers. Further, self-defeaters reported more body criticism and emotional eating than self-enhancers, and emotional eating was higher in humor deniers than humor endorsers. This study shows that humor referring to the self is key in the understanding of body image and eating behaviors. Whilst the use of self-enhancing humor can have positive effects on body image, self-defeating humor can play a detrimental role.
Joining of titanium—copper TA2/T2 bimetallic sheet by double side laser—TIG welding
Authors: Yu DeShui , Zhang Yan , Zhou JianPing , Sun DaQian , Li HongMei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, laser—tungsten inert gas (TIG) hybrid welding of TA2 titanium alloy and T2 copper alloy dissimilar joint has been performed using BCuP-2 wire as filler metal. A new welding process for TA2/T2 joining was introduced on the basis of the controlling the formation of Ti–Cu intermetallics in the joint. One process was two-pass welding involving creation of a joint with one laser weld and one TIG weld separated by remaining unmelted TA2/T2 interface. The influence of the hybrid welding process on the microstructure of the interfacial intermetallic compounds, and tensile strength of joints was investigated. The grain size of the TA2 fusion weld became larger after welding, forming acicular α martensite structure. The metallurgical combination between TIG weld and T2 base metal was good, and the TIG weld was mainly composed of α-Cu solid solution and a fine layered structure. However, a reaction layer containing α-Cu + α-Ti with an average width of about 30 μm was formed at the interface between the TIG weld and TA2 base metal, and fracture occurred along the TA2 weld and the interface of the reaction layer during tensile testing. A large number of Ti–Cu brittle compounds were avoided in joints, and the maximum tensile strength reached 610 MPa.
L2 textbook input and L2 written production: a case of Korean locative postposition–verb construction
Authors: Jung Boo Kyung , Shin Gyu-Ho 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study investigates how L2 learners of Korean in foreign language-learning environments manifest the target knowledge as a function of various factors surrounding the learners (e.g., L2 textbook input, language-specific properties, general language-use experience in class), specifically concerning the learners’ written production of the postposition–verb pair in a locative postposition–verb construction. For this purpose, we analyze two textbook types and learner writing from two L1 groups, focusing on postposition/verb use, Type–Token Ratio, and keyness. We find some meaningful relationships, but also inconsistencies, between L2 textbook input and L2 written production regarding this construction. We discuss implications of the findings with respect to how L2 knowledge is shaped at the interface of L2-textbook characteristics, language-specific properties involving the target knowledge, learners’ L1, and general language-use experience in class. Based on the results, we also discuss pedagogical implications, with emphasis on (methods and technologies of) utilizing the existing corpora for instructional purposes.
Speaking proficiency development in EFL classrooms: measuring the differential effect of TBLT and PPP teaching approaches
Authors: Harris Justin , Leeming Paul 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper outlines a classroom-based study on the timing of explicit language instruction. It also provides an alternative to the CALF (Complexity Accuracy Lexis Fluency) framework for analyzing learner language, which may not always be appropriate for EFL contexts. Two groups of learners, assigned to either a TBLT or a PPP condition, completed a speaking task. A follow-up task was given three months later, but with no explicit language focus for either group. Data from these interactions were analyzed for use of target grammar structures and overall speaking proficiency. Results suggest that explicit introduction of language through PPP benefits immediate task performance, but that ultimately post-task focus on language through TBLT leads to greater language development. The framework for analysis was effective in showing differences in performance between the groups in this context.
Placenta Accreta Spectrum Part I: anesthesia considerations based on an extended review of the literature
Authors: Enste Rick , Cricchio Patrick , Dewandre Pierre-Yves , Braun Thorsten , Leonards Christopher O. , Niggemann Phil , Spies Claudia , Henrich Wolfgang , Kaufner Lutz 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
“Placenta Accreta Spectrum” (PAS) describes abnormal placental adherence to the uterine wall without spontaneous separation at delivery. Though relatively rare, PAS presents a particular challenge to anesthesiologists, as it is associated with massive peripartum hemorrhage and high maternal morbidity and mortality. Standardized evidence-based PAS management strategies are currently evolving and emphasize: “PAS centers of excellence”, multidisciplinary teams, novel diagnostics/pharmaceuticals (especially regarding hemostasis, hemostatic agents, point-of-care diagnostics), and novel operative/interventional approaches (expectant management, balloon occlusion, embolization). Though available data are heterogeneous, these developments affect anesthetic management and must be considered in planed anesthetic approaches. This two-part review provides a critical overview of the current evidence and offers structured evidence-based recommendations to help anesthesiologists improve outcomes for women with PAS. This first part discusses PAS management in centers of excellence, multidisciplinary care team, anesthetic approach and monitoring, surgical approaches, patient safety checklists, temperature management, interventional radiology, postoperative care and pain therapy. The diagnosis and treatment of hemostatic disturbances and preoperative prepartum anemia, blood loss, transfusion management and postpartum venous thromboembolism will be addressed in the second part of this series.
Head and dependent marking and dependency length in possessive noun phrases: a typological study of morphological and syntactic complexity
Authors: Sinnemäki Kaius , Haakana Viljami 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The interaction of morphosyntactic features has been of great interest in research on linguistic complexity. In this paper we approach such interactions in possessive noun phrases. First, we study the interaction of head marking and dependent marking in this domain with typological feature data and with multilingual corpus data. The data suggest that there is a clear inverse relationship between head and dependent marking in possessive noun phrases in terms of complexity. The result points to evidence on complexity trade-offs and to productive integration of typological and corpus-based approaches. Second, we explore whether zero versus overt morphological marking as a measure of morphological complexity affects dependency length as a measure of syntactic complexity. Data from multilingual corpora suggest that there is no cross-linguistic trend between these measures in possessive noun phrases.
Linguistic complexity in second language acquisition
Authors: Kuiken Folkert 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Since the 1990s linguistic complexity has become an important issue in second language acquisition (SLA) research and teaching: second language (L2) learners want to know how well they are progressing, while teachers and researchers are interested to find out which grade of complexity can be associated with a particular proficiency level. After a short sketch of the background to the construct of complexity, the paper presents an overview of how complexity is measured in SLA, how it is related to other constructs of language proficiency (in particular accuracy and fluency), and by which factors complexity may be affected: these concern both internal linguistic factors and external factors, like task-related features and type of instruction. The paper concludes with directions for future research, focusing on the need for non-redundant, valid and reliable measures, more developmental measures, a broader scope of complexity, combined cross-linguistic and longitudinal research, and more research in instructional practice.
A short overview of radioactivity measurement studies in Uzbekistan
Authors: Khasanov Shakhboz , Safarov Akmal , Tukhtaev Ulugbek , Mavlonov Temurbek 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Natural radioactivity is a public health issue that affects people all around the world. Environmental radioactivity accounts for approximately 87% of the radiation dose received by human beings. The primary external source of irradiation to the human body is gamma radiation emitted by naturally occurring radioisotopes such as 40K and radionuclides from the 232Th and 238U families, as well as their decay products, which exist at trace amounts in all ground formations. The establishment of baseline data for environmental radiological studies is of great importance for the assessment of environmental radiological levels in Uzbekistan and related studies on human health risks. The current study aimed to describe the research state of the art on natural radioactivity in Uzbekistan with emphasis on results obtained during the last 20 years. NaI (Tl) and High Purity Germanium HPGe detectors were employed in most conducted studies. The results showed that data for natural radionuclide activity were below international standards in all but a few areas. The research results of this paper can play a good guidance and reference role in the planning of such research in the future.