bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In situ observation of magnetic vortex in amorphous and nanocrystalline ribbons
Authors: Zuo Shulan , Huang Jiayi , Zhang Ming , Zhang Ying , Shen Baogen 
Published: March 2022

In this study, the factors influencing the nucleation of magnetic vortices in CeFeB ribbons were studied using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy. Magnetic vortices and cross-tie walls exist in Ce14Fe80B6 amorphous ribbons. Via proper annealing, the amorphous ribbon is crystallized into a nanocrystalline structure whereby a magnetic vortex can exist in grains with sizes of approximately 30∼150 nm, indicating the formation of magnetic vortices is closely related to shape limitation. Moreover, it has been demonstrated magnetic vortices are the intrinsic magnetic domain structures in the amorphous alloys due to their weak magnetocrystalline anisotropy. This study provides a way to promote magnetic vortex formation in the nanocrystalline structure.
Utilising Gliricidia sepium leaf meal as a protein substitute in cassava-based supplements to increase average daily gain of Ongole bulls and income of smallholder farmers
Authors: Winarti E. , Gunawan  , Putridinanti A. D. , Noviandi C. T. , Andarwati S. , Agus A. , Harper K. J. , Poppi D. P. 
Published: March 2022

Context Formulating supplements with Gliricidia sepium leaf meal (GLM) and cassava powder to promote liveweight gain of Ongole bulls. Aims This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of using GLM as a substitute for copra meal (CM) or soybean hulls (SBH) in a concentrate containing dry cassava powder (DCP) on the average daily gain of Ongole bulls and income over feed cost. Methods Forty Ongole bulls were allocated in a randomised block design with 10 head per treatment. The control group (R0) was provided the current feeding system (CFS) fed ad libitum, with supplemented treatments consisting of the current feeding system fed ad libitum + 1% liveweight (on approximate DM basis)/day of three different concentrate supplement diets (R1, R2 and R3). R1 concentrate contained 50% DCP, 25% CM and 25% SBH; R2 was 50% DCP, 25% GLM and 25% SBH; and R3 was 50% DCP, 25% CM and 25% GLM. The bulls belonged to cooperative smallholder farmers in the Banaran and Bleberan villages, Playen Subdistrict, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The experiment was performed for 12 weeks from 22 December 2018 to 16 March 2019. Key results The average weight gain of bulls (kg/head) in the treatments R0, R1, R2 and R3 were 0.31, 0.75, 0.61 and 0.62, respectively. The income over feed cost of supplement treatments R1, R2 and R3 was double that of the control (R0). Conclusions It was concluded that GLM can replace the use of SBH and CM in a cassava-based supplement and increase the income of farmers in this district. Implications Cassava powder can be combined with GLM to form a concentrate that increases the average weight gain of Ongole bulls and income of farmers.
Sexual mixing patterns among male–female partnerships in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Greaves Kate E. , Fairley Christopher K. , Engel Jaimie L. , Ong Jason J. , Rodriguez Elena , Phillips Tiffany R. , Chow Eric P. F. 
Published: March 2022

Background Individuals who have both opposite- and same-sex partners have the potential to pass sexually transmitted infections (STIs) between high- and low-risk populations. Our aim was to examine assortative sexual mixing in terms of same-sex activity among male–female partnerships. Methods This was a retrospective repeated cross-sectional study of male–female partnerships attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC) from 2015 to 2019. Sex of sexual partners was collected via computer-assisted self-interview. We calculated the proportion of partnerships where at least one individual reported same-sex partners in the previous 12 months and the degree of assortativity by bisexuality. Results A total of 2112 male–female partnerships (i.e. 4224 individuals) were included, with a median age of 27 years (IQR 23–31). Overall, 89.3% (1885/2112) of male–female partnerships did not report any other same-sex partners; however, in 9.5% (201/2112) of partnerships, same-sex partners were reported by one individual and in 1.2% (26/2112) of partnerships, both individuals reported same-sex partners. Bisexuality appeared to be slightly assortative in male–female partnerships (r = 0.163, 95% CI: 0.150–0.176; P < 0.001). Conclusion One in 10 individuals in male–female partnerships had at least one same-sex partner within the previous 12 months. Individuals were minorly selective by bisexuality, suggesting the patterns of bisexual mixing in male–female partners are more variable and this may have a significant impact on STI transmission in heterosexual populations.
Goal discrimination in hippocampal nonplace cells when place information is ambiguous
Authors: Zhang Lu , Prince Stephanie M. , Paulson Abigail L. , Singer Annabelle C. 
Published: March 2022

Significance
Goal-directed spatial navigation has been found to rely on hippocampal neurons that are spatially modulated. We show that “nonplace” cells without significant spatial modulation play a role in discriminating goals when environmental cues for goals are ambiguous. This nonplace cell activity is performance-dependent and is modulated by gamma oscillations. Finally, nonplace cell goal discrimination coding fails in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Together, these results show that nonplace cell firing can signal unique task-relevant information when spatial information is ambiguous; these signals depend on performance and are absent in a mouse model of AD.
Viable offspring derived from single unfertilized mammalian oocytes
Authors: Wei Yanchang , Yang Cai-Rong , Zhao Zhen-Ao 
Published: March 2022

Significance
In mammals, parthenogenesis is limited because of problems arising from genomic imprinting. Here, we report live mammalian offspring derived from single unfertilized eggs. This was achieved by the targeted DNA methylation rewriting of seven imprinting control regions. By designing guide RNAs with protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sequences matching one allele but not the other, dCas9-Dnmt3a or dCpf1-Tet1 enables targeted DNA methylation editing in an allele-specific manner. The success of parthenogenesis in mammals opens many opportunities in agriculture, research, and medicine.
The parasites of language
Authors: Tang Aubrey 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article examines how “parasitical” political language can help explore a new understanding of oppositional
opinions in a global context of political polarization. By parasitical political language, I refer to what speech act theorist
J.L. Austin calls “infelicitous speech acts”, language that is used unsuccessfully. Jacques Derrida argues that these “incorrect”
utterances can escape from an already determined context and extend to a more liberated kind of communication. To explore the
potentially “positive” effect of parasitical language, this article examines the utterances of Hong Kong protesters prior to the
2020 US elections as infelicitous speech acts. Their radical political approach, surprisingly, spawned an anti-globalist activist
subculture shared by protesters in other parts of the world.
The collapse of dialogue, consent, and the controversy over Kristen Roupenian’s “Cat Person”
Authors: Roxburgh Natalie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper provides a Bakhtinian reading of Kristen Roupenian’s “Cat Person” in order to register the status of
dialogue pertaining to questions of sexual coercion and consent in the wake of the #metoo movement. I identify two prominent
discourses in the short story: feminist critiques of domination (perspectives that account for structural imbalances that tend to
put men in a hierarchy above women) and sex-positive feminism (a worldview that promotes female sexual agency). These two
discourses, this paper argues, are relevant to understanding why a collapse of dialogue ensues in the narrative. I then use “Cat
Person” to propose a way of contemplating the contemporary media landscape as a generator of failed dialogue.
Letters to nowhere
Authors: Tanović Una 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn her study of epistolarity and world literature,Bower (2017)observes that letters “travel easily” and so are an obvious form for writing about migration and transnational dialogue. From another perspective, however, the epistolary may contain an empty promise: letters, after all, are sometimes waylaid or mislaid, unsent or undeliverable. This paper investigates the epistle and epistolary conventions in two short stories by US migrant writers – Edwidge Danticat’s “Children of the Sea” (1993) and Aleksandar Hemon’s “A Coin” (1997) – in which dialogue across national borders is made impossible under extreme political circumstances. I argue that Danticat and Hemon undermine the dialogic writing that is a basic generic epistolary convention to caution against ignoring asymmetries of power in situations of forced migration.
Development of the Blue Economy concept in Eastern Africa: strategic frameworks and a simmering conflict
Authors: Amuhaya Claire A. , Degterev Denis A. 
Published: March 2022

SUMMARY
Eastern African small island states played a role in advancing the ‘Blue Economy’ concept prior to the Rio+20 summit in 2012, when it emerged on a global stage. As their main concern they cited threats caused by climate change to marine life, on which they are highly dependent. This briefing explores the uneven development of the various national policies geared towards the concept. It notes an emphasis on economic policies neglecting climate change and dispute settlement policies, and identifies a need for the development of an all-encompassing regional approach to maximise Blue Economy benefits in Eastern Africa.
Forensic Imaging: A Powerful Tool in Modern Forensic Investigation
Authors: Zhang Min 
Published: March 2022

AbstractForensic imaging is a non-invasive examination process during the forensic investigation. It is mainly used in forensic pathology as an adjunct to the traditional autopsy. In the past two decades, forensic imaging has been vigorously developed by forensic experts from computed tomography (CT) to multiple augmented techniques through CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The application field of forensic imaging has also been broadened as its advantages are recognised by more forensic practitioners. In addition to the forensic pathology, this technique has been used in other forensic disciplines, including forensic anthropology, forensic odontology, forensic ballistics and wildlife forensics, etc. This article reviews the development of forensic imaging as the practice and research development in different forensic disciplines based on the relevant literature analysis.
Electric field sensing characteristics of ZnO/SiO2/Si surface acoustic wave devices
Authors: Liu Zhirong , Zhu Min , Xu Caihua , Bao Wenqi , Xie Liqiang , Zhang Haitao , Han Yueqi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Existing microelectro mechanical systems (MEMSs) electric field sensors have movable parts and electronic components. The movable parts are susceptible to external vibration, and the electronic components distort the distribution of the measured electric field. Therefore, we proposed a novel MEMS electric field sensor based on surface acoustic wave (SAW) technology. The SAW electric field sensor is a delay line device with an interdigital transducer and a reflector. The substrate of the device is a ZnO/SiO2/Si multilayer structure. The ZnO piezoelectric layer is not only used as the propagation medium of SAW, but also used as the sensing film of the external electric field. Then, the external electric field could be detected by analyzing the change of the eigenfrequency of the SAW. The multilayer structure of the substrate was prepared by MEMS process. The interdigital transducer and the reflector are fabricated by the lift-off process. The SAW sensor is characterized at different external electric field strengths by a network analyzer. The sensitivity of the sensor was 0.23 kHz/(kV m−1) and the nonlinearity was 6.8%.
Fault detection of electrolyzer plate based on improved Mask R-CNN and infrared images
Authors: Zhu Hongqiu , Peng Tianyu , Dai Yusi , Zhou Can , Sun Bei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Non-ferrous metals are very important strategic resources, and electrolysis is an essential step in refining non-ferrous metals. In the electrolysis process, plate short circuit is the most common fault, which seriously affects output and energy consumption. The rapid and accurate detection of faulty plates is of great significance to the metal refining process. Given the weak generalization ability and complex feature rule design of traditional object detection algorithms, and the poor detection effect of existing deep learning models in infrared images with many interference factors, an improved Mask R-CNN-based fault detection algorithm is proposed to improve the generation strategy and non-maximum suppression algorithm of proposals to reduce the missed detection. We also propose a globally generalized intersection over union loss function to characterize better the position and scale relationship between the predicted box and target box, which is beneficial to the bounding box regression. The experimental results show that the improved model has an accuracy rate 10.4% higher than the original model, reaching 86.8%. Compared with the common one- and two-stage object detection models, the improved model has a stronger detection ability. This algorithm has some reference value for the accurate detection and location of electrolytic cell faults.
Self-powering vibration sensor based on a cantilever system with a single-electrode mode triboelectric nanogenerator
Authors: Hosangadi Prutvi Sagar , Korrapati Mallikarjuna , Gupta Dipti 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Here, we report a vibration sensor based on a single-electrode mode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). The main objective of this study is to develop a vibration sensor (architecture) that can be employed in any application with minor design changes to meet individual objectives. Hence, a cantilever-based vibration system is selected, which offers optimum design control in fine-tuning the sensor to operate in the desired frequency spectrum. The cantilever’s proof mass is suspended by isotropic linear elastic material constituting a scalable and tunable cantilever–mass system. The oscillations create contact separation between the triboelectric-active layers (i.e. fluorinated ethylene–propylene copolymer and screen-printed zinc oxide), which develop triboelectric waveforms. This voltage waveform is used for both sensing and powering mechanisms. At resonance, the device produces peak-to-peak voltage, short-circuit current, and power density of 25 V, 10 µA, and 1.38 W m−2, respectively. To measure the influence of change in cantilever properties, we varied the number of cantilevers and evaluated the sensor performance. The sensor is reliable with >99% accuracy in a broad frequency range of 0–400 Hz. The sensor exhibits a maximum sensitivity of 14 V g−1 and can charge a 1 µF capacitor to 2.75 V in <150 s. The sensor is further tested on a lab-scale vacuum pump with known (induced) faults to estimate the sensor’s competence in detecting the machinery faults. Considering the market acceptability, the sensor is developed with established manufacturing techniques such as screen-printing, and laser cutting. This study hopes to bridge the lab-to-market gap for TENG-based (vibration) sensors.
Designing physics board games: a practical guide for educators
Authors: Cardinot Adriana , McCauley Veronica , A Fairfield Jessamyn 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Board games can be a highly engaging and motivating resource to support physics teaching at all educational levels. However, the development of board games to facilitate the communication of complex science subjects may not be an easy task for those with no prior experience in designing games. For instance, the various classification of educational game features, proliferation of game mechanics and lack of scholarly guidance for designing and on their efficacy in formal learning may hinder the game development process. To address this issue, this study presents a hands-on game development framework for science educators and researchers on how to design educational science games. The framework is divided into five steps with simple exercises that build upon each other to create a student-centred educational resource as well as providing a means of evaluation.
Analysis of an adaptive lead weighted ResNet for multiclass classification of 12-lead ECGs
Authors: Zhao Z , Murphy D , Gifford H , Williams S , Darlington A , Relton S D , Fang H , Wong D C 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background. Twelve lead ECGs are a core diagnostic tool for cardiovascular diseases. Here, we describe and analyse an ensemble deep neural network architecture to classify 24 cardiac abnormalities from 12 lead ECGs. Method. We proposed a squeeze and excite ResNet to automatically learn deep features from 12-lead ECGs, in order to identify 24 cardiac conditions. The deep features were augmented with age and gender features in the final fully connected layers. Output thresholds for each class were set using a constrained grid search. To determine why the model made incorrect predictions, two expert clinicians independently interpreted a random set of 100 misclassified ECGs concerning left axis deviation. Results. Using the bespoke weighted accuracy metric, we achieved a 5-fold cross-validation score of 0.684, and sensitivity and specificity of 0.758 and 0.969, respectively. We scored 0.520 on the full test data, and ranked 2nd out of 41 in the official challenge rankings. On a random set of misclassified ECGs, agreement between two clinicians and training labels was poor (clinician 1: κ = −0.057, clinician 2: κ = −0.159). In contrast, agreement between the clinicians was very high (κ = 0.92). Discussion. The proposed prediction model performed well on the validation and hidden test data in comparison to models trained on the same data. We also discovered considerable inconsistency in training labels, which is likely to hinder development of more accurate models.
Analytical model for collisional impurity transport in tokamaks at arbitrary collisionality
Authors: Fajardo D , Angioni C , Maget P , Manas P 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The physics governing the collisional transport of impurities in tokamak plasmas can change significantly depending on four main parameters, namely the collisionality, the impurity charge and mass, and the trapped particle fraction, which can vary widely from the core to the edge of a fusion device. We present an analytical model for collisional impurity transport with a consistent dependence on broad scans in these four parameters, showing good agreement with the drift-kinetic code NEO. Radial profiles of collisional fluxes are calculated for different impurity species using ASDEX Upgrade experimental profiles as well as ITER simulated profiles, and they are also compared to NEO. This model is well suited for fast integrated modelling applications due to its low computational cost.
Performance analysis of a hybrid agent for quantum-accessible reinforcement learning
Authors: Hamann Arne , Wölk Sabine 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the last decade quantum machine learning has provided fascinating and fundamental improvements to supervised, unsupervised and reinforcement learning (RL). In RL, a so-called agent is challenged to solve a task given by some environment. The agent learns to solve the task by exploring the environment and exploiting the rewards it gets from the environment. For some classical task environments, an analogue quantum environment can be constructed which allows to find rewards quadratically faster by applying quantum algorithms. In this paper, we analytically analyze the behavior of a hybrid agent which combines this quadratic speedup in exploration with the policy update of a classical agent. This leads to a faster learning of the hybrid agent compared to the classical agent. We demonstrate that if the classical agent needs on average ⟨J⟩ rewards and ⟨T⟩cl epochs to learn how to solve the task, the hybrid agent will take

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Analysis of the timing of freely falling antihydrogen
Authors: Rousselle Olivier , Cladé Pierre , Guellati-Khelifa Saïda , Guérout Romain , Reynaud Serge 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We evaluate the accuracy to be expected for the measurement of free fall acceleration of antihydrogen in the GBAR experiment, accounting for the recoil transferred in the photodetachment process. We show that the uncertainty on the measurement of gravity comes mainly from the initial velocity dispersion in the ion trap so that the photodetachment recoil is not the limiting factor to the precision as a naive analysis would suggest. This result will ease the constraints on the choice of the photodetachment laser parameters.
Acoustoelectric current in graphene due to electron deformation potential and piezoelectric phonon couplings
Authors: Nafees Subhana , Ashraf S S Z , Obaidurrahman M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Recent studies strongly indicate that graphene can be used as a channel material for converting surface acoustic waves to acoustoelectric current, which is a resource for various exciting technological applications. On the theoretical side, studies on phonon amplification/attenuation and acoustoelectric current at low temperatures in graphene have reported approximate analytical results under exceedingly simplifying conditions using the Boltzmann transport equation. Overcoming the earlier simplifying assumptions, we investigate both numerically and analytically the governing kinetic equations for amplification/attenuation and acoustoelectric current, taking into account the piezoelectric and deformation potential electron phonon coupling mechanism in the semi classical Boltzmann transport formalism approach, and obtain analytical results that are in reasonable agreement with the reported experimental results.
Gravitational baryogenesis and dark matter from light black holes
Authors: Smyth Nolan , Santos-Olmsted Lillian , Profumo Stefano 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We study a scenario in which the baryon asymmetry is created through Hawking radiation from primordial black holes via a dynamically-generated chemical potential. This mechanism can also be used to generate the observed dark matter abundance, regardless of whether or not the black holes fully evaporate. In the case that evaporation ceases, the observed dark matter abundance is generically comprised of both relic black holes and an asymmetric dark matter component. We show that this two-component dark matter scenario can simultaneously account for the observed baryon asymmetry and the cosmological dark matter, a possibility which evades constraints on either individual candidate.