bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Correlates of Suicide Ideation in People who use Drugs during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Claborn Kasey , Lippard Elizabeth , Conway Fiona 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Some individuals may be more vulnerable to increased suicide-related thoughts and behavior in response to the COVID-19 pandemic but few studies have investigated risk factors that may be more predictive/specific to particular populations that are established to have a high risk for suicide, including gender differences in risk factors. We conducted a longitudinal study investigating risk factors for suicide ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults who use alcohol and other drugs. Participants completed up to three surveys over a six-month follow-up period. Trait differences in substance use, COVID exposure/worry, trauma exposure, mood and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms were investigated between individuals who presented with suicide ideation during course of study, compared to those that did not. Interactions with gender was investigated. State-related changes that relate to fluctuations in suicide ideation were also investigated (within subject design). A total of 214 participants were enrolled (61% women, agemean= 33 years, 45% presenting with suicide ideation during the course of the study). Greater frequency of vaping and using tobacco, opiates, and other substances, greater depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms, and greater COVID exposure and COVID-related worry were observed in individuals who presented with suicide ideation, compared to those that did not (p ≤ .0042). Increases in suicide ideation (within subject) was associated with increases in the frequency of alcohol and vaping, COVID-related worry, and PTSD symptoms (p ≤ .05). Gender-related differences in factors that relate to suicide ideation was observed. Within women, increases in frequency of alcohol use and PTSD symptoms and greater perceived early life trauma related to suicide ideation; while in men increases in vaping and COVID-related worry related to suicide ideation. This study further emphasizes the importance of investigating and identifying risk/resiliency factors for suicide-related thoughts and behavior in people who use drugs, including gender differences.
Investigating the digital divide in OpenStreetMap: spatio-temporal analysis of inequalities in global urban building completeness
Authors: Herfort Benjamin , Lautenbach Sven , de Albuquerque João Porto , Anderson Jennings , Zipf Alexander 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
OpenStreetMap (OSM) has evolved as a popular geospatial dataset for global studies, such as monitoring progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, many global applications turn a blind eye on its uneven spatial coverage. We utilized a regression model to infer OSM building completeness within 13,189 urban agglomerations home to 50% of the global population. Our results reveal that for 1,510 cities OSM building footprint data exceeds 80% completeness. Humanitarian mapping efforts have significantly improved completeness, especially in low SHDI regions. The digital divide in OSM has receded, but a strong spatial bias associated with subnational human development index, city size and World Bank region remains.
In consequence, global studies will provide misleading results if the biases in OSM's coverage are not accounted for. We recommend combining completeness maps with socio-demographic information to guide mapping to ensure that "nobody is left behind" as encouraged by the SDGs.
Removal of Phenylamine Using Advanced Oxidation Process by UV/Peroxy Disulphate from Waste Water
Authors: KUMAR CHANDRA , Gautam Anupam Kumar , Kushwaha Dharmendra Kumar , Choudhary Chetan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study is focused on removing toxic aniline from wastewaters using an advanced oxidation process by UV/ peroxy disulphate. In this study, the effect of various parameters including pH (3-9), the level of radiation (ultraviolet 30-watt lamp, number 2-5), peroxy disulphate dose (0.02 – 0.08 mol/l), and the initial concentration (20 – 100 mg/l) at different contact times (10 – 60 min) on the efficiency of aniline removal in a laboratory reactor with UV lamps and in a batch mode, was studied. The results of this study showed that the efficiency of removing aniline decreased by increasing and decreasing pH from 5 (maximum efficiency = 66.6%, at pH= 5) and also by increasing the concentration of pollutants. But by increasing the amount of radiation and peroxy disulphate dosage (0.02 to 0.08 mol/l, the process efficiencies will be 46 to 82.8% after 60 min, respectively), and the efficiency increased. The efficiency of removing aniline in the combined process of UV/peroxy disulphate increased significantly by using peroxy disulphate and UV, individually (96%). In the process, the efficiency of removing aniline from wastewater was due to the production of UV effect on Peroxy disulphate and the production of strong oxidizing radicals. Therefore, due to the high performance and low-cost raw materials, this process can be used for removing resistant compounds from industrial sewages.
Assessment of Land Surface Temperature (LST) using MODIS MOD11A2 Thermal Satellite Images Using Zero to Null Pixel Averaging Method for the Bengaluru Urban District
Authors: SARAVANAN VIGNESHWARAN , Tamburi Vinod N 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In developing countries like India, rapid urbanisation is inevitable. Bengaluru urban district is one of the rapidly growing cities and newer settlement clusters are keep on growing to accommodate the migrating people from rural areas. One of the ill effects of urbanisation is an increase in impervious areas leading to higher land surface temperature (LST). Reported Studies have mentioned that Landsat thermal data has been utilised for the preparation of LST maps and usage of MODIS data is very limited. The present study attempted to prepare LST maps using 8-day average MODIS MOD11A2 images for the years 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016 and 2021. “Zero to Null” pixel average method was adopted to prepare the average LST maps yearwise. From the LST maps, it was found that the highest and lowest LSTs observed were 27.41°C and 35.95°C respectively for the years selected. Generated histograms for the LST indicate that the impervious areas have more pixels falling under the category from high to very high-class category.
A yeast-based system to study SARS-CoV-2 Mpro structure and to identify nirmatrelvir resistant mutations
Authors: Ou Jin , Lewandowski Eric , Hu Yanmei , Lipinski Austin , Morgan Ryan , Jacobs Lian , Zhang Xiujun , Bikowitz Melissa , Langlais Paul , Tan Haozhou , Wang Jun , Chen Yu , Choy John 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) is a major therapeutic target. The Mpro inhibitor, nirmatrelvir, is the antiviral component of Paxlovid, an orally available treatment for COVID-19. As Mpro inhibitor use increases, drug resistant mutations will likely emerge. We have established a non-pathogenic system, in which yeast growth serves as a proxy for Mpro activity, enabling rapid identification of mutants with altered enzymatic activity and drug sensitivity. The E166 residue is known to be a potential hot spot for drug resistance and yeast assays showed that an E166R substitution conferred strong nirmatrelvir resistance while an E166N mutation compromised activity. On the other hand, N142A and P132H mutations caused little to no change in drug response and activity. Standard enzymatic assays confirmed the yeast results. In turn, we solved the structures of Mpro E166R, and Mpro E166N, providing insights into how arginine may drive drug resistance while asparagine leads to reduced activity. The work presented here will help characterize novel resistant variants of Mpro that may arise as Mpro antivirals become more widely used.
The Development of Social Capital in a Peer-Led HIV Adherence Intervention
Authors: Goldsamt Lloyd A. , Liang Eva , Handschuh Caroline , Navarra Ann-Margaret 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Behavioral health interventions conducted by peers – individuals who share common characteristics, circumstances, or experiences with research participants – have shown promising results. The Adherence Connection for Counseling, Education, and Support (ACCESS) I proof-of-concept study is a peer-led intervention to improve HIV medication adherence in youth living with HIV who are in treatment but have detectable viral loads. Participants received five online sessions with peer health coaches who followed a structured intervention manual. Although peer health coaches maintained intervention fidelity, they also engaged in dialogue not directly related to intervention content during the sessions. We believe that these casual interactions develop social capital, which can then be used to encourage positive health outcomes. Methods: Sessions were transcribed and coded for intervention content as well as content that was not directly covered in the intervention manual. Sections of session transcripts that included this non-intervention content, labeled peer-to-peer (P2P), were then sub-coded to document the focus of these interactions. Results: Ten P2P sub-codes were identified, and sessions were divided into beginning, middle, and end to allow for the “small talk” that was expected at the start of each session and the scheduling that occurred at the end of each session. “Activities” was the most common code in the beginning sections, commonly reflecting a review of participant activities since the prior session. “Personal Experiences” was the most common code during the middle of the sessions, as peers built social capital by sharing their own stories and providing additional support to participants. At the end of sessions, “Activities” was again the most common code, as peers and participants discussed upcoming plans and scheduled their next session. Conclusions: Narrative content not directly included in the intervention manual reflected interactions that strengthened the peer-participant relationship, building social capital for the peer educators who could then use this social capital to encourage positive behavior change. Although social capital was not directly measured, these analyses illustrate the value of attending to seemingly casual interactions in peer-led interventions. Future research can focus on the measurement of social capital and the ways in which it is deployed to encourage behavior change.
On Investigation of the Best Model selection for Modeling the Covid-19 Mortality rates in KSA
Authors: Abushal Tahani , Ijaz Muhammad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The Covid-19 disease belong to the family of Coronaviridae viruses which has an impact in both animals and humans. The first case of this virus in human (in Wuhan) was linked due to the local live animal and later on the virus spread in humans due to the social contacts, coughing, and sneezing etc. Since then the virus defying the borders of countries and rapidly the livelihood, mental health and the world economic growth as a whole. As of 20 July, 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared 562,672,324 confirmed cases including with 6,367,793 deaths.
Objectives
The scope of this study is to identify the best fitted model for the mortality rates of Covid-19 in KSA. To discuss several desirable statistical properties of the best fitted model.
Results
Among other probability models, the best fitted model is Extended Exponential probability distribution which can leads the practitioner to a best estimation of the death rates. To get rid of the maximum number of deaths, the best estimation will help the practitioner to make better planning that is to provide the required number of beds at a hospital, to provide the cylinder to each effected patients, etc.
Use of Photobiomodulation in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer Treated in an Oncology Service
Authors: Moura Larissa Matos Almeida , Cruz Felipe Gabriel Assunção , Santos Djanilson Barbosa dos , Filho Paulo Celso Prado Telles , Praxedes Marcus Fernando da Silva 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of prophylactic photobiomodulation and its relationship with weight loss and the development of oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy in an oncology service.Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study that included patients who received radiation therapy concomitantly with systemic therapy for treatment of head and neck cancer. Patients were divided into two groups: 1) who received photobiomodulation (PMB) treatment and 2) who did not receive PMB. Results: Thirty patients were included in the study, 15 in each group, with a mean age of 62 years in the PBM group and 63.2 years in the control group. Most patients were male, with locally advanced disease (clinical stage III or IV), and received definitive intent treatment with concomitant radiotherapy to high-dose cisplatin (100 mg/m² every 3 weeks). In this analysis, the use of PBM shows a protective effect against the development of grade 3 or 4 oral mucositis [Odds Ratio 0.22 (0.04-1.11)], and was associated with a risk reduction of weight loss higher than 5% of 8% (relative risk, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.62 – 1.36). Conclusions: The use of prophylactic PBM showed interesting clinical results. The decreased risk of weight loss and the protective effect on the development of severe OM may directly affect the quality of life of the patient, as well as allow for a higher rate of treatment compliance, fewer hospitalizations, and consequently reduce overall treatment costs.
Serum SERCA2a Levels in Heart Failure Patients Are Associated with Adverse Events After Discharge
Authors: Chen Panghe , Wu Shudie , Hao Biao , Huang Yuesheng , Chen Xu , Guo Yingjie , Wang Zhiye , Chen Xiaoxin , Su Miaoling , Chen Weiwen , Zhuo Yinan , Li Jiahao , Wei Shaofeng , Xu Bilian , Xu Jinrong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background: Calcium homeostasis imbalance is one of the important pathological mechanisms in heart failure. Sarco /endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a), a calcium ATPase on the sarcoplasmic reticulum in cardiac myocytes, is a myocardial systolic-diastolic Ca2+ homeostasis regulating enzyme that is not only involved in cardiac diastole but also indirectly affects cardiac myocyte contraction. SERCA2a expression was found to be decreased in myocardial tissue in heart failure, and SERCA2a gene therapy may be a potential target for patients with heart failure; however, there are few reports on serum SERCA2a expression in patients with heart failure, and this study was designed to investigate whether serum SERCA2a levels are associated with the occurrence of adverse events after discharge in patients hospitalized with heart failure.Methods: Patients with heart failure hospitalized in the cardiovascular department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China, from July 2018 to July 2019 were included in this study, and serum SERCA2a concentrations were measured; each enrolled patient was followed up by telephone after 6 months (6 ± 1 months) for general post-discharge patient status. The correlation between serum SERCA2a levels and the occurrence of adverse events (death or readmission due to heart failure) after hospital discharge was assessed using univariate analysis and trend analysis.Results: Seventy-one patients with heart failure were finally included in this study, of whom 38 (53.5%) were men and 33 (46.5%) were women. Univariate analysis revealed no correlation between serum SERCA2a levels and the occurrence of adverse events in the total study population and in male patients, but serum SERCA2a levels were associated with the occurrence of adverse outcome events after hospital discharge in female patients (OR=1.02, P=0.047). Further analysis using a trend analysis yielded a 4.0% increase in the risk of adverse outcomes after hospital discharge for each unit increase in SERCA2a in female patients (OR=1.04; P=0.02), while no significant difference was seen in men.Conclusions: This study suggests that serum SERCA2a levels at admission are associated with the occurrence of post-discharge adverse events in female patients hospitalized with heart failure and that serum SERCA2a may be a potential serologic predictor of post-discharge adverse events in patients with heart failure.
Oral Liushen Pill for Patients with Covid-19 : A prospective, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Shi cuilin , Liu Yian , Lei Wei , Shen Junheng , Lu Jing , Tao Tao , Cao Xu , Yang Zhong , Huang Jianan , Zhang Jianping 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective To analyze the efficacy and safety of Liushen Pill combined with basic treatment on patients with COVID-19.Methods One-hundred-eighty-one patients hospitalized with COVID-19, classified as asymptomatic, mild type, were randomly separated into the experimental (n=91) and control (n=90) groups. The control group was given placebo (Maizao decoction), while the experimental group was given Maizao decoction and Liushen pill, in addition to standard care. The negative conversion rate of nucleic acid (Day 7), hospital discharge rate (Day 8, 10, 14), symptom disappearance rate (Day 3, 5, 7), inflammatory cytokines and adverse events between the two groups were compared. Results The negative viral conversion rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (48.35% vs 31.11%, P＜0.05). Subgroup analysis showed a similar significant trend when the Ct value was ≤ 30 at baseline. After 10 days, the hospital discharge rate was significantly higher in the experimental than the control group (69.23% vs 53.33%, P＜0.05). After 3 days of medication, the headache symptoms significantly disappeared in the experimental group (88.57%) compared to the control group (63.33%) (P＜0.05). After 5 days, symptom disappearance rate of headache in the experimental group (97.14%) was still significantly higher than that in the control group (80.00%) (P＜0.05), as was the symptom disappearance rate of cough (82.65% vs 58.93%, P＜0.01). After treatment, the PCT level was significantly lower in the experimental than the control group (0.09±0.00 ng/L vs 0.14±0.05 ng/L) (P＜0.05). There were no significant between-groups differences in clinical safety test indexes.Conclusion Early intervention with Liushen Pill could improve the symptoms of cough and headache, and increase negative viral conversion and discharge rate.Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, No. ChiCTR2200058859. Registered on April 18, 2022. https://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=166975&htm=4
Construction and validation of a joint diagnosis model based on random forest and artificial intelligence network for hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: liang Ji , zhang Jie , Jiang Xili , Xie Shucai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the dominant pathogenic factor of HCC in Asia and Africa. This study aims to identify significant biomarkers and develop a novel genetic model for the efficient diagnosis of HBV-related HCC.Methods:GSE19665, GSE55092, and GSE121248 were merged and used to identify significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The enrichment analysis was performed on Metascape and Database for Annotation, Visualisation and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) online tool. The random forest (RF) algorithm and artificial neural network (ANN) were used to select the potential predictive gene panels and construct an HBV-related HCC diagnostic model. Subsequently, GSE17548, GSE104310, GSE44074, and GSE136247 were used to test the accuracy of the ANN model. Finally, the CIBERSORT algorithm was used to assess the abundance of immune infiltrates in all samples.Results: First, 116 genes were identified as DEGs from the merged dataset, and the enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were particularly enriched in cellular hormone metabolic process, monocarboxylic acid metabolic process, NABA ECM AFFILIATED steroid metabolic process and metabolism of bile acid and bile salt. TOP2A, CLEC1B, BUB1B, FCN2, CXCL14, CAP2，FCN3, KMO and CDHR2 were available to develop an HBV-related HCC diagnostic model. After validation, the diagnostic model has high sensitivity and specificity in four datasets, and the areas under the ROC curves efficiency was excellent. Finally, the percentage of infiltrating immune cell types for hepatitis B-related HCC were significantly different from that of non-cancerous liver tissue with HBV.Conclusion: A novel early diagnostic model of HBV-related HCC was established, and the model has better efficiency in distinguishing HBV-related HCC from other non-cancerous with HBV individuals. This study will provide a promising theoretical basis for early diagnosis and immunity therapy of HBV-related HCC.
Conducting polymer/hydrogel hybrid free-standing electrodes for flexible supercapacitors capable of self-sensing working conditions: large-scale fabrication through facile and low-cost route
Authors: Sidheekha Madari Palliyalil , Shabeeba Aranhikkundan , Rajan Lijin , Thayyil Mohamed Shahin , Ismail Yahya A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Search for energy storage devices towards sustainability, compatibility and versatility demands flexible supercapacitors capable of sensing their surrounding conditions. Here, highly electroactive polyaniline/chitosan-hydrogel hybrid films were fabricated with a view to developing a self-sensing motor. The hybrid electrodes showed remarkable supercpacitive property with high-rate performance while capable of sensing electrical, thermal and chemical working conditions as evinced from the chronopotentiometric responses with consumed electrical energy as the sensing parameter. A single faradaic electrochemical reaction (the reversible oxidation-reduction) is responsible for both the sensing and charge storage properties of the hybrid film, which is exploited to develop a truly integrated sensing supercapacitor without additional connectivities. As a proof-of-concept, an all-solid-state symmetric supercapacitor was fabricated which showed large capacitance (118 mF cm− 2 at 0.4 mA cm− 2), high energy density (14.8 µWh cm− 2 at a power density of 105 µW cm− 2) compared to other polyaniline-hydrogel supercapacitors as well as 93% capacitance retention after 1200 charge-discharge cycles. Besides, the current sensing characteristics of the device were tested from charge-discharge responses at a constant charged state to prove the above concept. This fundamental study provides a new direction for the development of simple and compatible self-sensing motors.