bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1‐Chloronaphthalene‐Induced Donor/Acceptor Vertical Distribution and Carrier Dynamics Changes in Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells and the Governed Mechanism
Authors: He Xinjun , Chan Christopher C. S. , Kim Jinwook , Liu Heng , Su Chun‐Jen , Jeng U‐Ser , Su Haibin , Lu Xinhui , Wong Kam Sing , Choy Wallace C. H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractElectron donors and acceptors in organic solar cells (OSCs) shall strike a favorable vertical phase separation that acceptors and donors have sufficient contact and gradient accumulation near the cathodes and anodes, respectively. Random mixing of donors/acceptors at surface will result in charge accumulation and severe recombination for low carrier‐mobility organic materials. However, it is challenging to tune the vertical distribution in bulk‐heterojunction films as they are usually made from a well‐mixed donor/acceptor solution. Here, for the first time, it presents with solid evidence that the commonly used 1‐chloronaphthalene (CN) additive can tune the donor/acceptor vertical distribution and establish the mechanism. Different from the previous understanding that ascribed the efficiency enhancement brought by CN to the improved molecular stacking/crystallization, it is revealed that the induced vertical distribution is the dominant factor leading to the significantly increased performance. Importantly, the vertical distribution tunability is effective in various hot nonfullerene OSC systems and creates more channels for the collection of dissociated carriers at corresponding organic/electrode interfaces, which contributes the high efficiency of 18.29%. This study of the material vertical distribution and its correlation with molecular stacking offers methods for additives selection and provides insights for the understanding and construction of high‐performance OSCs.
Detection of a high prevalence of paratuberculosis in a previously test‐negative conventional dairy herd in the Netherlands
Authors: Speksnijder David C. , de Wit Mirthe K. , Krattley–Roodenburg Betsie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractJohne's disease, or paratuberculosis, in cattle, caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), can cause substantial economic losses on dairy farms. This case study describes the finding of a MAP prevalence of 8% in a Dutch dairy herd with a 10‐year history of biennial enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay‐negative testing in individual milk samples of lactating cows. This case illustrates the strengths and limitations of the different laboratory tests and testing schemes for MAP screening in dairy herds. A cluster of MAP‐shedding cattle on this farm was related to a birth cohort, which suggests a common source of infection early in life. Our observations stress the importance of preventive management to reduce the potential and hidden spread of MAP in test‐negative herds.
Turn‐on luminescent sensing of glutathione and cysteine based on post‐modified Bio‐MOF‐1
Authors: Yue Dan , Zhu Jiayan , Chen Dong , Li Weidong , Wang Zhenling 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGlutathione (GSH) and cysteine (Cys) play important roles in many neurological diseases. Therefore, it is very significant to design and synthesis new type GSH and Cys probes. The Cu2+ ion was incorporated into Bio‐MOF‐1 to synthesize Cu2+@Bio‐MOF‐1 through postsynthetic modification. GSH and Cys show strong affinity for Cu2+ ion, so the Cu2+@Bio‐MOF‐1 exhibits highly sensitive turn‐on sensing of GSH and Cys. Furthermore, the limit of detection (LOD) of Cu2+@Bio‐MOF‐1 for the sensing of GSH and Cys was estimated to be 12.4 and 56 μM, hence, Cu2+@Bio‐MOF‐1 has promising application potential for determination of GSH and Cys.
Out with the Old, In with the New? From Conceptual Reconstruction in Philosophical Anthropology to a Realistic Theory of Change
Authors: Wildman Wesley J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhilosophers have solid analyses of defective understandings of the human condition and regularly propose inspirational alternatives that would seem to have the promise of changing the fortunes and fate of our species. But philosophers sometimes over-generalize in their criticisms, attributing to a vast cultural complex a specific anthropological understanding when in fact any large culture plays host to a large variety of mutually inconsistent anthropological visions. Moreover, philosophers rarely demonstrate that a culture-level change in anthropological understandings would have the effects they claim and they virtually never spell out a theory of change by which such a culture-level transformation could ever be realized. This paper begins in philosophical anthropology, spelling out two specific problematic aspects of contemporary western human self-understanding: individualism and cognitive error; two corresponding correctives: relationality and self-awareness; and two spiritual translations of these corrective measures: love as agape and karuna and wisdom as knowledge and humility. The argument then transitions to practical questions about what differences the envisaged transformation in ideas about human nature might be expected to make on socioeconomic conditions and how such changes might be implemented to realize the envisaged changes. The conclusion is that the anthropological insights of philosophers would be best served by a partnership with education and policy experts that would add realism about the conditions for social change to the generative creativity of philosophical analysis.
A Relational Anthropology for Contemporary Economics? Concluding Reflections
Authors: Nullens Patrick , van den Heuvel Steven C. , van Nes Jermo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis final chapter reflects on all contributions in the volume, replying to critical questions brought up in the overall discussion, including the possible restriction an anthropological model may have on human freedom, the relationship between Homo economicus and Homo amans, the nature of love, the danger of committing a naturalistic fallacy, and the need for a theory of change. Revisiting the discussion paper, it refines the Homo amans model and points to new directions of study.
Towards a Relational Anthropology Fostering an Economics of Human Flourishing
Authors: Nullens Patrick , van Nes Jermo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBasic capabilities and human interests that are directed towards the ideal of human flourishing now seem at odds with the concept ofHomo economicusas once defined by John Stuart Mill – a rational being pursuing wealth only for his own self-interest. This popular paradigm still dominates economic theory and practice, but a growing group of academics consider its underlying model of human behavior to be inaccurate. As a result, scholars across various disciplines have expressed the need for a more refined anthropology in relation to contemporary economics. In response, the holistic concept ofHomo amansas phenomenologically constituted by the virtues of faith, hope, and love is introduced, since multidisciplinary yet complementary study suggests that human persons are questing, expecting, and relational beings. Whether or notHomo amanscould serve in the future as a complementary model toHomo economicusremains to be seen, because several aspects of human relationality that are relevant to contemporary economics are in need of future study.
Searching for the Anthropological Foundations of Economic Practice: Controversies and Opportunities
Authors: Glas Gerrit 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis chapter is a comment on the contribution of Rebecca Klein in this volume, preceded by a conceptual analysis of the argument that is developed in theHomo Amansdiscussion paper.The main question that is raised is twofold and concerns the relation between science and worldview on the one hand, and between science and economic life on the other. With respect to the science – worldview relationship, it is doubted that science can play the role the authors of theHomo amansproject expect it can have. What they have in mind is that science helps in validating and legitimizing a biblically informed concept of love. This author disagrees, to a large extent. Science can indeed orient itself on ideas and intuitions that are based on one’s worldview. But it cannot prove the truth of these intuitions and ideas. To think so, is to commit a naturalistic fallacy.With respect to the relationship between science and economic life, the author is also not convinced that science and philosophy as academic disciplines will by themselves be able (and should be expected to be able) to transform deeply ingrained, institutionally anchored economic practices. New theories, concepts, and paradigms are a precondition for change, but they do not bring about change by themselves. What is needed is a change in the practices themselves, a change that is both personal and comprehensive. What is needed is a clear, succinct, and encompassing view on the intrinsic normativity of economic interactions between relevant stakeholders in what we call ‘the’ economy. This is a huge undertaking, that requires painstaking ‘phenomenological’ analyses of a wide variety of economic practices. The chapter agrees with most of Klein’s observations and concerns with respect to the discussion paper. These observations and concerns gain even more depth and relief given the conceptual distinctions that are made in the chapter.
Holographic chiral algebra: supersymmetry, infinite Ward identities, and EFTs
Authors: Jiang Hongliang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Celestial holography promisingly reformulates the scattering amplitude holographically in terms of celestial conformal field theory living at null infinity. Recently, an infinite-dimensional symmetry algebra was discovered in Einstein-Yang-Mills theory. The starting point in the derivation is the celestial OPE of two soft currents, and the key ingredient is the summation of $$ \overline{\mathrm{SL}\left(2,\mathbb{R}\right)} $$

SL

2
ℝ

¯

descendants in OPE. In this paper, we consider the supersymmetric Einstein-Yang-Mills theory and obtain the supersymmetric extension of the holographic symmetry algebra. Furthermore, we derive infinitely many Ward identities associated with the infinite soft currents which generate the holographic symmetry algebra. This is realized by considering the OPE between a soft symmetry current and a hard operator, and then summing over its $$ \overline{\mathrm{SL}\left(2,\mathbb{R}\right)} $$

SL

2
ℝ

¯

descendants. These Ward identities reproduce the known Ward identities corresponding to the leading, sub-leading, and sub-sub-leading soft graviton theorems as well as the leading and sub-leading soft gluon theorems. By performing shadow transformations, we also obtain infinitely many shadow Ward identities, including the stress tensor Ward identities for sub-leading soft graviton. Finally, we use our procedure to discuss the corrections to Ward identities in effective field theory (EFT), and reproduce the corrections to soft theorems at sub-sub-leading order for graviton and sub-leading order for photon. For this aim, we derive general formulae for the celestial OPE and its corresponding Ward identities arising from a cubic interaction of three spinning massless particles. Our formalism thus provides a unified framework for understanding the Ward identities in celestial conformal field theory, or equivalently the soft theorems in scattering amplitude.
Bi-Kolmogorov type operators and weighted Rellich’s inequalities
Authors: Addona Davide , Gregorio Federica , Rhandi Abdelaziz , Tacelli Cristian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper we consider the symmetric Kolmogorov operator $$L=\Delta +\frac{\nabla \mu }{\mu }\cdot \nabla $$

L
=
Δ
+

∇
μ

μ

·
∇

on $$L^2({\mathbb {R}}^N,d\mu )$$

L
2

(

R

N

,
d
μ
)

, where $$\mu $$
μ
is the density of a probability measure on $${\mathbb {R}}^N$$

R

N

. Under general conditions on $$\mu $$
μ
we prove first weighted Rellich’s inequalities and deduce that the operators L and $$-L^2$$

-

L
2

with domain $$H^2({\mathbb {R}}^N,d\mu )$$

H
2

(

R

N

,
d
μ
)

and $$H^4({\mathbb {R}}^N,d\mu )$$

H
4

(

R

N

,
d
μ
)

respectively, generate analytic semigroups of contractions on $$L^2({\mathbb {R}}^N,d\mu )$$

L
2

(

R

N

,
d
μ
)

. We observe that $$d\mu $$

d
μ

is the unique invariant measure for the semigroup generated by $$-L^2$$

-

L
2

and as a consequence we describe the asymptotic behaviour of such semigroup and obtain some local positivity properties. As an application we study the bi-Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operator and its semigroup on $$L^2({\mathbb {R}}^N,d\mu )$$

L
2

(

R

N

,
d
μ
)

.
Violence against physicians and nurses: a systematic literature review
Authors: Chakraborty Sayantan , Mashreky Saidur Rahman , Dalal Koustuv 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Violence against physicians and nurses is a global public health problem. This study explored violence against physicians and nurses using a systematic literature review.

Methods
Pubmed and Scopus were searched using search words ‘violence’ OR ‘aggression’ ‘against’ ‘physicians’ AND ‘nurses’. Articles published between 2010 and 2020 in the English language, excluding review/systemic review articles, were included in the study. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for literature search and reporting and assessed the quality of the article based on the JBI checklist for analytical cross sectional studies.

Results
A total of 22 studies were included. The majority of the studies showed that there was a significant violent incident within every setting, often directly involving patients or their relatives. Workers of emergency departments were more likely to be exposed to violence. Verbal abuses were the highest among all settings. Physicians were more likely to face physical violence, while nurses were more prone to sexual harassment. Lack of communication plays a significant role. Fewer reports of violence were noted due to lack of action taken previously.

Conclusion
Adequate policy making and implementation and operational research are required to further mitigate the episodes of violence.
Online revenue maximization for server pricing
Authors: Boodaghians Shant , Fusco Federico , Leonardi Stefano , Mansour Yishay , Mehta Ruta 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEfficient and truthful mechanisms to price resources on servers/machines have been the subject of much work in recent years due to the importance of the cloud market. This paper considers revenue maximization in the online stochastic setting with non-preemptive jobs and a unit capacity server. One agent/job arrives at every time step, with parameters drawn from the underlying distribution. We design a posted-price mechanism which can be efficiently computed and is revenue-optimal in expectation and in retrospect, up to additive error. The prices are posted prior to learning the agent’s type, and the computed pricing scheme is deterministic, depending only on the length of the allotted time interval and on the earliest time the server is available. We also prove that the proposed pricing strategy is robust to imprecise knowledge of the job distribution and that a distribution learned from polynomially many samples is sufficient to obtain a near-optimal truthful pricing strategy.
Fragments from the Ājīvikas
Authors: Balcerowicz Piotr 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe paper examines available references to the Ājīvikas that are often identified by scholars, notably by Basham (1951), as genuine quotations from Ājīvikas’ lost works. In addition, the paper analyses some additional material not previously indentifed as possible quotations relevant to Ājīvikism. Unfortunately, none of such references seem to be genuinely derived from an Ājīvika source: All of such passages or verses previously considered genuinely taken from Ājīvika literature turn out to have been composed by non-Ājīvika authors and usually derive either from Jaina works or from fables and narrative literature. There is no clear proof that the Ājīvikas developed their own Sanskrit literature (in addition to Prakrit works), much less philosophical literature in Sanskrit. Further, the faithfulness and reliability of reports of the Ājīvikas and paraphrases of their views cannot be assessed with any certainty.
Mental Health in Multiple Sclerosis During the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Delicate Balance between Fear of Contagion and Resilience
Authors: Rosa Laura , Scandurra Cristiano , Chiodi Alessandro , Petracca Maria , Costabile Teresa , Lauro Francesca , Moccia Marcello , Carotenuto Antonio , Maldonato Nelson Mauro , Brescia Morra Vincenzo , Lanzillo Roberta 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe current study aimed at exploring the relationship between objective disability, illness perceptions, resilience, fear of COVID-19, and psychological distress (i.e., anxiety, depression, and stress) in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) during the second wave of the COVID-19 outbreak. A group of 122 pwMS recruited in an Italian university hospital took part in this cross-sectional monocentric study. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses were performed to assess the strength of the hypothesized associations. Results indicated that, differently from cognitive impairment, motor disability was positively associated with anxiety. However, accounting for subjective illness perception, such association was no longer significant. Moreover, accounting for both protective and risk factors in the models, even illness perception was no longer significant, highlighting the central role of resilience and fear of COVID-19 in explaining the negative emotional outcomes. Implications for clinical interventions and psychoeducational trainings are discussed.
What a Home Does
Authors: Jenkins David , Brownlee Kimberley 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAnalytic philosophy has largely neglected the topic of homelessness. The few notable exceptions, including work by Jeremy Waldron and Christopher Essert, focus on our interests in shelter, housing, and property rights, but ignore the key social functions that a home performs as a place in which we are welcomed, accepted, and respected. This paper identifies a ladder of home-related concepts which begins with the minimal notion of temporary shelter, then moves to persistent shelter and housing, and finally to the rich notion of a home which focuses on meeting our social needs including, specifically, our needs to belong and to have meaningful control over our social environment. This concept-ladder enables us to distinguish the shelterless from the sheltered; the unhoused from the housed; and the unhomed from the homed. It also enables us to decouple the concept of a home from property rights, which reveals potential complications in people’s living arrangements. For instance, a person could be sheltered but unhoused, housed but homeless, or, indeed, unhoused but homed. We show that we should reserve the concept of home to capture the rich idea of a place of belonging in which our core social needs are met.
Money for Nothing: The Impact of Compensation on Customers’ Bad-Mouthing in Service Recovery Encounters
Authors: Arsenovic Jasenko , Edvardsson Bo , Otterbring Tobias , Tronvoll Bård 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAs one of the retailer’s most potent recovery tactics to offset disgruntled customers, firms invest heavily in compensation to increase customer satisfaction and improve loyalty. However, the effectiveness of this tactic remains unclear. This study examines whether firm-offered compensation affects customers’ emotional responses and bad-mouthing behavior (i.e., telling others about a particular problem). Importantly, the study investigates whether the level of collaboration during the recovery encounter moderates the link between compensation and customers’ emotional responses, and whether collaborative efforts influence the effectiveness of compensation. The findings indicate that collaboration during the recovery encounter is necessary if compensation is to mitigate negative emotional responses, with downstream effects on bad-mouthing behavior. In confirming the importance of collaboration during recovery encounters, the findings have critical managerial and financial implications.
Geospatial model of COVID-19 spreading and vaccination with event Gillespie algorithm
Authors: Temerev Alexander , Rozanova Liudmila , Keiser Olivia , Estill Janne 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe have developed a mathematical model and stochastic numerical simulation for the transmission of COVID-19 and other similar infectious diseases that accounts for the geographic distribution of population density, detailed down to the level of location of individuals, and age-structured contact rates. Our analytical framework includes a surrogate model optimization process to rapidly fit the parameters of the model to the observed epidemic curves for cases, hospitalizations, and deaths. This toolkit (the model, the simulation code, and the optimizer) is a useful tool for policy makers and epidemic response teams, who can use it to forecast epidemic development scenarios in local settings (at the scale of cities to large countries) and design optimal response strategies. The simulation code also enables spatial visualization, where detailed views of epidemic scenarios are displayed directly on maps of population density. The model and simulation also include the vaccination process, which can be tailored to different levels of efficiency and efficacy of different vaccines. We used the developed framework to generate predictions for the spread of COVID-19 in the canton of Geneva, Switzerland, and validated them by comparing the calculated number of cases and recoveries with data from local seroprevalence studies.
COVID-19: Impact on the HIV and Tuberculosis Response, Service Delivery, and Research in South Africa
Authors: Abdool Karim Quarraisha , Baxter Cheryl 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To describe how mitigation measures against COVID-19 have impacted HIV and TB research in South Africa.

Recent Findings
South Africa has the highest number of COVID-19 (34%) cases in Africa, accounting for 43% of all reported COVID-19-related deaths on the continent. The country accounts for 20% of all people living with HIV and ranked third in the world for new TB infections in 2019.

Summary
While South Africa’s investments in its HIV and TB responses enabled it to pivot rapidly to respond to the emerging COVID-19 epidemic, it negatively impacted the HIV and TB response through temporary suspension of research, diversion of key resources for HIV and TB control, and patient access to health care facilities; the full extent of this has yet to emerge. Success in integrating responses to the colliding epidemics could potentially enhance survival outcomes and ensure gains made to date in HIV and TB are not reversed and we stay on track toward achieving the UN 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.