bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychotropic drug purchases during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy and their relationship with mobility restrictions
Authors: Marazzi Francesca , Piano Mortari Andrea , Belotti Federico , Carrà Giuseppe , Cattuto Ciro , Kopinska Joanna , Paolotti Daniela , Atella Vincenzo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecent literature on the mental health consequences of social distancing measures has found a substantial increase in self-reported sleep disorders, anxiety and depressive symptoms during lockdown periods. We investigate this issue with data on monthly purchases of psychotropic drugs from the universe of Italian pharmacies during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and find that purchases of mental health-related drugs have increased with respect to 2019. However, the excess volumes do not match the massive increase in anxiety and depressive disorders found in survey-based studies. We also study the interplay between mobility, measured with anonymized mobile phone data, and mental health and report no significant effect of mobility restrictions on antidepressants and anxiolytics purchases during 2020. We provide three potential mechanisms that could drive the discrepancy between self-reported mental health surveys and psychotropic drugs prescription registries: (1) stockpiling practices in the early phases of the pandemic; (2) the adoption of compensatory behavior and (3) unexpressed and unmet needs due to both demand- and supply-side shortages in healthcare services.
Eye problems and musculoskeletal pain in Pokémon Go players
Authors: Kaczmarek Lukasz D. , Behnke Maciej , Dżon Marzena 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIndividuals benefit from Pokémon Go (PG) gaming because this mobile augmented reality geolocation video game provides an attractive opportunity to increase physical activity outdoors and socialize. However, based on gaming and electronic media studies, intense involvement with PG is likely related to adverse phenomena, such as arm pain or eye-related problems. We aimed to test how PG use (problematic vs. non-problematic gaming and gaming time) is related to physical symptoms (pain in three body regions and computer vision syndrome). To dissect game-specific effects, we controlled for general problematic smartphone use, phubbing, and electronic media usage. PG players (N = 455) completed an online survey. We found that PG players with problematic game use reported more pain and vision problems. Problematic PG use was a better predictor of physical symptoms than PG gaming time and variables related to electronic media use. Problematic PG use and problematic smartphone use were correlated but independent predictors of physical symptoms. We conclude that the type of participation rather than the time spent playing predicts poorer physical health among PG players.
Assessing the level of perceived social support among community-dwelling stroke survivors using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support
Authors: Ng Shamay S. M. , Liu Tai Wa , Ho Lily Y. W. , Chan Nga Huen , Wong Thomson W. L. , Tsoh Joshua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSocial support has an important role in stroke rehabilitation. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) is an instrument examining the adequacy of perceived social support. However, the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of MSPSS (MSPSS-C) have not been examined in Chinese people with stroke. This study aimed at investigating the psychometric properties of the MSPSS-C, identifying the correlations between MSPSS-C scores and health-related measures of these people; and examining the differences in the levels of perceived social support between people with and without stroke in Hong Kong using a cohort of 57 community-dwelling people with stroke and 50 age-matched healthy controls. We found that the MSPSS-C subscales demonstrated excellent internal consistency, and a ceiling effect was observed for the family subscale of the MSPSS-C. The total MSPSS-C score had significant weak to moderate correlations with the scores of the concerned variables of interests. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure for the MSPSS-C. People with stroke had lower levels of perceived social support from friends and their significant other than those without stroke. The MSPSS-C is a valid tool for assessing perceived social support among chronic stroke survivors with moderate to very severe motor impairment.
Seismic seiche-related oscillations in Lake Biwa, Japan, after the 2011 Tohoku earthquake
Authors: Iwaki Maho , Toda Takashi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSeismic seiche-related oscillations caused by Rayleigh waves from large earthquakes are yet to be explored and elucidated comprehensively, then need to accumulate continuously. Herein, we investigated water level fluctuations in Lake Biwa of Japan from surface seiches following the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. Lake Biwa is the largest freshwater resource in Japan, and a small change in its water level can affect local ecosystems. Field observations were conducted during 2010–2012 using a water level gauge with a 1 mm resolution and 2 min data sampling interval. Fast Fourier transform and maximum entropy methods were used for data spectral analysis to distinguish the effects of inherent oscillations on water levels generated by the earthquake. We considered that water level changes were influenced by long-period Rayleigh waves. We observed a wave with a 3.08–3.10 h duration, which was close to the duration determined for the Rayleigh waves (3.08 h). The 3.08–3.10 h wave was caused by forced oscillation of Rayleigh waves characterised by a frequency close to the natural frequency and excited by the earthquake. Overall, our findings suggest that water level fluctuations can be good indicators of high-magnitude earthquakes.
The emotional state and social support of pregnant women attending childbirth classes in the context of physical activity
Authors: Kowalska Joanna , Dulnik Małgorzata , Guzek Zbigniew , Strojek Kinga 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChildbirth classes combined with elements of psychoprophylaxis and psychoeducation prepare women and their partners for childbirth and influence the level of their perceived stress and mood disorders. Participation in these classes may come as a form of support for pregnant women, or an opportunity to build self-efficacy and commence regular physical activity. The aim of this study was assess the emotional state, social support and self-efficacy of pregnant women attending childbirth classes, in the context of physical activity undertaken. The study included 101 pregnant women. The Berlin Social Support Scale (BSSS), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were used during their first day of attendance at the childbirth classes (initial survey; T1) and after 10 weeks of participation in these classes (final survey; T2). After 10 weeks of childbirth classes, there was a statistically significant change in the BSSS, specifically in the area of Perceived Available Support, GSES, PSS-10, and STAI X-2. There was no significant relationship established between the emotional state and the physical activity undertaken before and during pregnancy or with the social support received.
Discovery of an agonistic Siglec-6 antibody that inhibits and reduces human mast cells
Authors: Schanin Julia , Korver Wouter , Brock Emily C. , Leung John , Benet Zachary , Luu Thuy , Chang Katherine , Xu Alan , De Freitas Naomi , Luehrsen Kenneth , Brehm Michael A. , Wong Alan , Youngblood Bradford A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMast cells (MC) are key drivers of allergic and inflammatory diseases. Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec)-6 is an immunoregulatory receptor found on MCs. While it is recognized that engaging Siglecs with antibodies mediates inhibition across immune cells, the mechanisms that govern this agonism are not understood. Here we generated Siglec-6 mAb clones (AK01 to AK18) to better understand Siglec-6-mediated agonism. Siglec-6 mAbs displayed epitope-dependent receptor internalization and inhibitory activity. We identified a Siglec-6 mAb (AK04) that required Fc-mediated interaction for receptor internalization and induced inhibition and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis against MCs. AK04-mediated MC inhibition required Siglec-6 immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) and ITIM-like domains and was associated with receptor cluster formation containing inhibitory phosphatases. Treatment of humanized mice with AK04 inhibited systemic anaphylaxis with a single dose and reduced MCs with chronic dosing. Our findings suggest Siglec-6 activity is epitope dependent and highlight an agonistic Siglec-6 mAb as a potential therapeutic approach in allergic disease.
In situ calibration of charged particle spectrometers on the OMEGA Laser Facility using 241Am and 226Ra sources
Authors: Adrian P. J. , Armstrong J. , Birkel A. , Chang C. , Dannhoff S. , Evans T. , Johnson M. Gatu , Johnson T. M. , Kabadi N. , Kunimune J. , Li C. K. , Reichelt B. , Regan S. P. , Pearcy J. , Petrasso R. D. , Pien G. , McCluskey M. , Séguin F. H. , Sutcliffe G. D. , Frenje J. A. 
Published: November 2022

Charged particle spectrometry is a critical diagnostic to study inertial-confinement-fusion plasmas and high energy density plasmas. The OMEGA Laser Facility has two fixed magnetic charged particle spectrometers (CPSs) to measure MeV-ions. In situ calibration of these spectrometers was carried out using 241Am and 226Ra alpha emitters. The alpha emission spectrum from the sources was measured independently using surface-barrier detectors (SBDs). The energy dispersion and broadening of the CPS systems were determined by comparing the CPS measured alpha spectrum to that of the SBD. The calibration method significantly constrains the energy dispersion, which was previously obtained through the measurement of charged particle fusion products. Overall, a small shift of 100 keV was observed between previous and the calibration done in this work.
Insight into the negative magnetization and anomalous exchange-bias in DyFe5Al7 through neutron depolarization and neutron diffraction studies
Authors: Deepak  , Kumar A , Yusuf S M , Sampathkumaran E V 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We have provided the mesoscopic and microscopic understandings of polarity reversal of the magnetization or negative magnetization (NM) below T
COMP = 93 K in an exotic magnetic material containing three magnetic sublattices, viz., DyFe5Al7 crystallizing in ThMn12 structure, using neutron depolarization and neutron diffraction techniques. A full recovery of the neutron beam polarization at the T
COMP in a neutron depolarization experiment reveals a total compensation of magnetization inside the magnetic domains in the sample. The temperature-dependent neutron diffraction study under zero magnetic field has provided temperature dependencies of antiparallelly coupled Dy (M
Dy(2a)) and Fe (M
Fe(8f) and M
Fe(8j)) sublattice magnetic moments along [100] direction. The dominance of |M
Dy(2a)| over total Fe moment,

M

Fe

total

=

4
∗

M

Fe
(
8
f
)

+

M

Fe
(
8
j
)

, below T
COMP leads to the NM in the compound. The magnetization versus magnetic field curves below the T
COMP indicate the presence of field-induced spin reorientation in the compound. The magnetic field required for spin reorientation (H
SR) is maximum at the lowest temperature and it decreases to zero as the temperature is increased to T
COMP. Interestingly, the compound shows a finite exchange-bias (H
EB) below the T
COMP only, as evident from the field-cooled hysteresis loops, while at T > T
COMP, H
EB is almost zero. The cooling-field (H
COOL) dependent study of H
EB shows a slope change at H
COOL ∼ H
SR indicating a correlation of exchange-bias with spin-reorientation in the compound. This study, apart from revealing microscopic understanding of magnetic behavior of an exotic three magnetic sublattice system, provides a correlation among exchange-bias, magnetic compensation, and spin-reorientation phenomena.
Spin-polarized hot electron transport versus spin pumping mediated by local heating
Authors: Beens M , de Mare K A , Duine R A , Koopmans B 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A ‘toy model’—aimed at capturing the essential physics—is presented that jointly describes spin-polarized hot electron transport and spin pumping driven by local heating. These two processes both contribute to spin-current generation in laser-excited magnetic heterostructures. The model is used to compare the two contributions directly. The spin-polarized hot electron current is modeled as one generation of hot electrons with a spin-dependent excitation and relaxation scheme. Upon decay, the excess energy of the hot electrons is transferred to a thermalized electron bath. The elevated electron temperature leads to an increased rate of electron-magnon scattering processes and yields a local accumulation of spin. This process is dubbed as spin pumping by local heating. The built-up spin accumulation is effectively driven out of the ferromagnetic system by (interfacial) electron transport. Within our model, the injected spin current is dominated by the contribution resulting from spin pumping, while the hot electron spin current remains relatively small. We derive that this observation is related to the ratio between the Fermi temperature and Curie temperature, and we show what other fundamental parameters play a role.
Calculation method for deflection of the vertical based on path gravity anomaly compensation
Authors: Hao Shiwen , Zhang Zhili , Zhou Zhaofa , Xu Zhihao , Liang Zhe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To solverole inefficiency and complete autonomy issues for deflection of the vertical (DOV) determination in geomatics, navigation, and military weapon launching fields, a calculation method based on path compensation has been proposed. After conducting the discretization of the Vening-Meinesz formula in the spherical surface, a novel path gravity anomaly compensation based on the ‘remove–restore’ algorithm was formulated to satisfy the requirement of regional high-precision gravity anomaly data. Meanwhile, utilizing the European Improved Gravity model of Earth by New techniques (EIGEN-6c4), the DOV was calculated using the Vening-Meinesz formula based on the ‘remove–restore’ method, unlike the previous regional direct integral calculations. Finally, to verify the reliability and feasibility of the algorithm, the gravity measurement system, consisting of the high-precision gravimeter and strapdown inertial navigation system, was constructed to conduct the simulation and shipborne experiments. The simulation and experiment results of the proposed method show that the root mean squares, relative to the real values, of DOV calculation components, are 0.89″ and 1.67″, while standard deviation values of the DOV components are the same within 2″ in experiments, which satisfies the precision requirement of the DOV.
Bolt loosening angle detection based on binocular vision
Authors: Wang Shixu , Wu Jiang , Zhao Zheng , Du Yixin , Ding Shuiting , Du Farong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Bolt looseness detection is critical in preventing bolt connection failure. Compared to traditional sensor-based bolt looseness detection, image-based methods are low-cost and contactless and have thus become the highlight of research. However, current monocular vision-based detection methods are prone to error scaused by the camera perspective . In this paper, we present a novel bolt loosening angle detection method based on binocular vision. Key points on the bolt are detected and matched by SuperPoint Gauss network for 3D coordinates reconstruction and motion tracking. The bolt loosening angle is solved by fitting the rotation equation using random sample consensus. Experiments verify the proposed method performs well under different perspectives of camera and illumination conditions with an average error of 1.5°. Comparative test shows our method is superior to the monocular vision-based method in terms of accuracy when there is a large perspective angle. The proposed method is mark-free and robust to various working conditions, which makes it of great value for engineering application.
Sensitivity of structural and electronic properties of Li-ion battery cathode materials to Hubbard U correction: an efficient first-principle approach
Authors: Ziraki Sahar , Moaddeli Mohammad , Kanani Mansour , Hashemi Babak 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A new material design approach using first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations with acceptable precision can elucidate many critical features in emerging high-performance lithium-ion battery fields. However, the dominant impact of transition metals (TM) as the major component and/or modification dopant element with localized d-electrons in this material system, which needs so-called Hubbard correction U, limits DFT to many extents. As the U correction is not completely transferable, one may need to recalculate it for the same input structure with structural or elemental changes. While the accurate calculation of U is costly, it is worth investigating its sensitivity to input system parameters, such as cell size, structure, and chemical composition, to dismiss unessential recalculations, especially in high-throughput schemes. Furthermore, implementing DFT + U to get the expected properties is computationally expensive too. The necessity of including the U correction for expected properties or its small variation should be investigated. In this study, Hubbard correction for TM using a density functional perturbation theory (DFPT) approach was considered to investigate the electronic structure and structural stability of LiNiO2, LiCoO2, and LiNi0.75Co0.167Al0.083O2. The effect of system parameters (cell size, structure, and chemical composition) on U values was considered for different systems. The dependency of calculated electronic densities of states, lattice parameters, preferred doping sites, and vacancy formation energy, as well as charge voltage, was investigated, and low and high sensitivities were discussed. Furthermore, the effect of different doping scenarios with Co and Al on structural stability was studied with the efficient DFT + U approach. The results showed that the structural variation due to doping and vacancy site formation has a negligible effect on calculated U values. Significant correlation of predicted electronic properties with U for all systems was observed, while calculated lattice parameters, as well as preferred doping sites, reflected very low dependency on U variations.
Simulating the impact of photoreceptor loss and inner retinal network changes on electrical activity of the retina
Authors: Ly Keith , Guo Tianruo , Tsai David , Muralidharan Madhuvanthi , Shivdasani Mohit N , Lovell Nigel H , Dokos Socrates 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. A major reason for poor visual outcomes provided by existing retinal prostheses is the limited knowledge of the impact of photoreceptor loss on retinal remodelling and its subsequent impact on neural responses to electrical stimulation. Computational network models of the neural retina assist in the understanding of normal retinal function but can be also useful for investigating diseased retinal responses to electrical stimulation. Approach. We developed and validated a biophysically detailed discrete neuronal network model of the retina in the software package NEURON. The model includes rod and cone photoreceptors, ON and OFF bipolar cell pathways, amacrine and horizontal cells and finally, ON and OFF retinal ganglion cells with detailed network connectivity and neural intrinsic properties. By accurately controlling the network parameters, we simulated the impact of varying levels of degeneration on retinal electrical function. Main results. Our model was able to reproduce characteristic monophasic and biphasic oscillatory patterns seen in ON and OFF neurons during retinal degeneration (RD). Oscillatory activity occurred at 3 Hz with partial photoreceptor loss and at 6 Hz when all photoreceptor input to the retina was removed. Oscillations were found to gradually weaken, then disappear when synapses and gap junctions were destroyed in the inner retina. Without requiring any changes to intrinsic cellular properties of individual inner retinal neurons, our results suggest that changes in connectivity alone were sufficient to give rise to neural oscillations during photoreceptor degeneration, and significant network connectivity destruction in the inner retina terminated the oscillations. Significance. Our results provide a platform for further understanding physiological retinal changes with progressive photoreceptor and inner RD. Furthermore, our model can be used to guide future stimulation strategies for retinal prostheses to benefit patients at different stages of disease progression, particularly in the early and mid-stages of RD.
Ultra long turbulent eddies, magnetic topology, and the triggering of internal transport barriers in tokamaks
Authors: Volčokas Arnas , Ball Justin , Brunner Stephan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Local nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations of tokamak plasmas demonstrate that turbulent eddies can extend along magnetic field lines for hundreds of poloidal turns when the magnetic shear is very small. By accurately modeling different field line topologies (e.g. low-order rational, almost rational, or irrational value of the safety factor), we show that the self-interaction of such ‘ultra long’ eddies can dramatically reduce heat transport. This extreme sensitivity of turbulent transport to the safety factor reveals novel strategies to improve confinement, constitutes experimentally testable predictions, and illuminates past observations of internal transport barriers.
Research and application of generator excitation overvoltage protection device tester
Authors: Su Dongliang , Qiu Tao , Yin Qihui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In order to solve the problems of complex operation steps, insufficient measurement accuracy and poor safety of the current generator excitation overvoltage protection device tester, the testing technology of generator excitation overvoltage protection device was deeply studied in this paper. Firstly, the overall architecture of the excitation overvoltage protection device tester was constructed. Secondly, it was designed from two aspects of software and hardware. Finally, combined with the actual application scenario, the developed tester was used to measure the action voltage and working voltage fluctuation range of the excitation overvoltage protection device. It was verified that the tester developed in this paper is simple to operate and the measurement results have high accuracy.
Analysis and Verification of Phase Current Detection Method of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Three Sampling Resistors Configuration
Authors: Zhu Ziwei , Cao Jiayong , Ma Qianli , Li Fazhe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) control system, the phase current sampling unit is an important part of the whole motor control system. Traditionally, the hall-effect components are used to detecting the phase currents of the PMSM. However, the size of the hardware with Hall-effect components are often large. In this paper, a scheme of detecting the phase currents of PMSM by using three sampling resistors on the main circuit was discussed. In order to overcome the phenomenon that phase currents flow discontinuously across the three sampling resistors, a method for reconstructing the phase currents was proposed. Both simulation results and experimental results show that the phase currents can be reconstructed successfully and the high sampling accuracy can be obtained.