bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cryopreservation method for bioengineered 3D cell culture models
Authors: Herrero-Gómez Alba , Azagra Marc , Marco-Rius Irene 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Technologies to cryogenically preserve (a.k.a. cryopreserve) living tissue, cell lines and primary cells have matured greatly for both clinicians and researchers since their first demonstration in the 1950s and are widely used in storage and transport applications. Currently, however, there remains an absence of viable cryopreservation and thawing methods for bioengineered, three-dimensional (3D) cell models, including patients’ samples. As a first step towards addressing this gap, we demonstrate a viable protocol for spheroid cryopreservation and survival based on a 3D carboxymethyl cellulose scaffold and precise conditions for freezing and thawing. The protocol is tested using hepatocytes, for which the scaffold provides both the 3D structure for cells to self-arrange into spheroids and to support cells during freezing for optimal post-thaw viability. Cell viability after thawing is improved compared to conventional pellet models where cells settle under gravity to form a pseudo-tissue before freezing. The technique may advance cryobiology and other applications that demand high-integrity transport of pre-assembled 3D models (from cell lines and in future cells from patients) between facilities, for example between medical practice, research and testing facilities.
Asymptotic approximations for the phase space Schrödinger equation
Authors: Karageorge Panos D , Makrakis George N 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We consider semi-classical time evolution for the phase space Schrödinger equation and present two methods of constructing short time asymptotic solutions. The first method consists of constructing a semi-classical phase space propagator in terms of semi-classical Gaussian wave packets on the basis of the anisotropic Gaussian approximation, related to the nearby orbit approximation, which is identified with the phase space representation of the Littlejohn semi-classical propagator. By means of the semi-classical propagator, we derive an asymptotic solution for configuration space WKB initial data. The second method consists of constructing a phase space narrow beam asymptotic solution, following the complex WKB theory developed by Maslov, on the basis of a canonical system in double phase space, analogous to the Berezin–Shubin–Marinov Hamilton–Jacobi and transport equations. We illustrate the methods for sub-quadratic potentials in

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Omnidirectional spin-to-charge conversion in graphene/NbSe2 van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Ingla-Aynés Josep , Groen Inge , Herling Franz , Ontoso Nerea , Safeer C K , de Juan Fernando , Hueso Luis E , Gobbi Marco , Casanova Fèlix 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The conversion of spin currents polarized in different directions into charge currents is a keystone for novel spintronic devices. Van der Waals heterostructures with tailored symmetry are a very appealing platform for such a goal. Here, by performing nonlocal spin precession experiments, we demonstrate the spin-to-charge conversion (SCC) of spins oriented in all three directions (x, y, and z). By analyzing the magnitude and temperature dependence of the signal in different configurations, we argue that the different SCC components measured are likely due to spin–orbit proximity and broken symmetry at the twisted graphene/NbSe2 interface. Such efficient omnidirectional SCC opens the door to the use of new architectures in spintronic devices, from spin–orbit torques that can switch any magnetization to the magnetic state readout of magnetic elements pointing in any direction.
The annealing microstructural evolution of Al-10Zn alloy prepared by continuous extrusion of mixed heterogeneous elemental powders
Authors: Lin Guojian , Guo Zhengwei , Li Lu , Li Yugeng , Sun Yanhua , Li Yuzhang , Wang Jia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Al and Zn powders in the ratio of 9:1 (wt%) were alloyed into rods with a dense structure by using the continuous extrusion technique. To promote metallurgical bonding of heterogeneous elements, the microstructures of these rods with different holding times (1, 3, and 5 min) at the same annealing temperature were investigated. With the increase of annealing time, the microstructure consisted mainly of (α-Al) and (α + η) phases and an (α +η)-rich phase. The solid solubility of Zn into Al also gradually increased. The calculated x-ray diffraction (XRD) data showed that the lattice parameter of Al decreased to 4.04793 Å after 5 min of annealing, which was decreased by 0.062% compared to the lattice parameter of Al in the powder state. The microscopic stress and dislocation density of Al were increased by 0.27% and 12.52 × 1014 m−2 respectively after extrusion, and the microscopic deformation and dislocation density were decreased to 0.2% and 8.71 × 1014 m−2 respectively after being annealed for 5 min. The dislocation density and lattice distortion after annealing gradually decreased with increasing annealing time, and the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that the mass percentage of Zn increased with increasing annealing time.
Resilience of U.S. coastal wetlands to accelerating sea level rise
Authors: Buchanan Maya K , Kulp Scott , Strauss Benjamin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Coastal wetlands provide a wide array of ecosystem services, valued at trillions of dollars per year globally. Although accelerating sea level rise (SLR) poses the long-term threat of inundation to coastal areas, wetlands may be sustained in two ways: by positive net surface-elevation change (SEC) from sediment and organic matter buildup and by accumulation, or horizontal migration into refugia—low-lying, undeveloped upland areas that become inundated. Using a simple model together with high-resolution elevation data, we provide, across the contiguous United States, analysis of the local effects of SLR, maximum SEC rates, and coastal development on the long-term resilience of coastal wetlands. We find that protecting current refugia is a critical factor for retaining wetlands under accelerating SLR. If refugia are conserved under an optimistic scenario (a high universal maximum SEC rate of 8 mm/yr and low greenhouse gas emissions), wetlands may increase by 25.0% (29.4%–21.5%; 50th, 5th–95th percentiles of SLR) by the end of the century. However, if refugia are developed under a more pessimistic scenario (a moderate universal maximum SEC rate of 3 mm/yr, high greenhouse gas emissions, and projections incorporating high ice-sheet contributions to SLR), wetlands may decrease by −97.0% (−82.3%–99.9%). These median changes in wetland area could result in an annual gain of ∼$222 billion compared to an annual loss of ∼$732 billion in ecosystem services in the US alone. Focusing on key management options for sustaining wetlands, we highlight areas at risk of losing wetlands and identify the benefits possible from conserving refugia or managing SEC rates.
Asexually propagated Agave tequilana var. azul exhibits variation in genetic markers and defence responses to Fusarium solani
Authors: Chávez-Sánchez Cristina , Mancilla-Margalli Norma Alejandra , Montero-Cortés Mayra Itzcalotzin , Gutiérrez-Miceli Federico Antonio , Briceño-Félix Guillermo Ariel , Simpson Williamson June Kilpatrick , Avila-Miranda Martín Eduardo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Agave (Agave tequilana var. azul) is considered a crop with low genetic diversity because it has been propagated vegetatively for centuries for commercial purposes, and consequently, it could be equally susceptible to pests and diseases. However, the present study employs plant material derived from field-grown plants exhibiting phenotypic variability in susceptibility to agave wilt. The offshoots from rhizomes of these plants were reproduced in vitro and classified as potentially resistant or susceptible. Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis confirmed wide genetic differences among individuals, but these differences were not correlated with the observed phenotypic variability in resistance. Propagated plantlets were inoculated with Fusarium solani in two time-lapse confrontations for 72 h and 30 days. The early biochemical response showed statistically superior levels in the accumulation of shikimic acid, phenolic compounds, and chitinase activity in potentially resistant plantlets. There was an inverse correlation of these early biochemical responses and salicylic acid and the incidence of diseased root cells in isogenic plantlets in the 30-day confrontation with F. solani, suggesting that these activities and accumulation of molecules were primordial in the defence against this pathogen.
ESC Working Group on e-Cardiology Position Paper: accuracy and reliability of electrocardiogram monitoring in the detection of atrial fibrillation in cryptogenic stroke patients
Authors: Dilaveris Polychronis E , Antoniou Christos Konstantinos , Caiani Enrico G , Casado-Arroyo Ruben , Climent Andreu Μ , Cluitmans Matthijs , Cowie Martin R , Doehner Wolfram , Guerra Federico , Jensen Magnus T , Kalarus Zbigniew , Locati Emanuela Teresa , Platonov Pyotr , Simova Iana , Schnabel Renate B , Schuuring Mark J , Tsivgoulis Georgios , Lumens Joost 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The role of subclinical atrial fibrillation as a cause of cryptogenic stroke is unambiguously established. Long-term electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring remains the sole method for determining its presence following a negative initial workup. This position paper of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on e-Cardiology first presents the definition, epidemiology, and clinical impact of cryptogenic ischaemic stroke, as well as its aetiopathogenic association with occult atrial fibrillation. Then, classification methods for ischaemic stroke will be discussed, along with their value in providing meaningful guidance for further diagnostic efforts, given disappointing findings of studies based on the embolic stroke of unknown significance construct. Patient selection criteria for long-term ECG monitoring, crucial for determining pre-test probability of subclinical atrial fibrillation, will also be discussed. Subsequently, the two major classes of long-term ECG monitoring tools (non-invasive and invasive) will be presented, with a discussion of each method’s pitfalls and related algorithms to improve diagnostic yield and accuracy. Although novel mobile health (mHealth) devices, including smartphones and smartwatches, have dramatically increased atrial fibrillation detection post ischaemic stroke, the latest evidence appears to favour implantable cardiac monitors as the modality of choice; however, the answer to whether they should constitute the initial diagnostic choice for all cryptogenic stroke patients remains elusive. Finally, institutional and organizational issues, such as reimbursement, responsibility for patient management, data ownership, and handling will be briefly touched upon, despite the fact that guidance remains scarce and widespread clinical application and experience are the most likely sources for definite answers.
Evolution-proof inhibitors of public good cooperation: a screening strategy inspired by social evolution theory
Authors: Lissens Maries , Joos Mathieu , Lories Bram , Steenackers Hans P 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Interference with public good cooperation provides a promising novel antimicrobial strategy since social evolution theory predicts that resistant mutants will be counter-selected if they share the public benefits of their resistance with sensitive cells in the population. Although this hypothesis is supported by a limited number of pioneering studies, an extensive body of more fundamental work on social evolution describes a multitude of mechanisms and conditions that can stabilize public behaviour, thus potentially allowing resistant mutants to thrive. In this paper we theorize on how these different mechanisms can influence the evolution of resistance against public good inhibitors. Based hereon, we propose an innovative 5-step screening strategy to identify novel evolution-proof public good inhibitors, which involves a systematic evaluation of the exploitability of public goods under the most relevant experimental conditions, as well as a careful assessment of the most optimal way to interfere with their action. Overall, this opinion paper is aimed to contribute to long-term solutions to fight bacterial infections.
Cognitive Impairment Leads to Increased Feelings of Sexual Obligation Among a National Longitudinal Sample of Sexually Active Adults Aged 62 and Older
Authors: Shen Shannon , Liu Hui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWe work from a gendered life-course perspective to examine the relationship between cognitive impairment and feelings of sexual obligation among U.S. older adults.Research Design and MethodsData are drawn from 2 rounds of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (2010/2011 and 2015/2016). The analytic sample includes 575 sexually active respondents aged 62–86 at baseline. Cognitive impairment is measured using a survey-adapted version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, with categories of normal, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia. We estimate cross-lagged models to test the potential reciprocal relationships between cognitive impairment and feelings of sexual obligation.ResultsOlder adults with dementia at baseline had significantly higher odds of sexual obligation 5 years later than their peers with normal cognition at baseline, after adjusting for gender, race/ethnicity, education, income, age, marital status, self-rated health, depression, comorbidities, and sexual obligation at baseline. We find no evidence of a reciprocal relationship, as sexual obligation at baseline did not predict later cognitive status.Discussion and ImplicationsOlder adults with dementia often remain sexually active after their 60s, and many of them feel obligated to have sex with their partner. Our study highlights the importance of understanding the context of their sexual lives. The quality of their sexual relationship, such as whether they feel a duty to maintain their earlier sexual activity or please their partner, and the health implications of sexual obligation should be considered alongside the increase of older adults with dementia.
Patterns of Phenotypic Evolution Associated with Marine/Freshwater Transitions in Fishes
Authors: de Brito Victor , Betancur-R Ricardo , Burns Michael D , Buser Thaddaeus J , Conway Kevin W , Fontenelle João Pedro , Kolmann Matthew A , McCraney W Tyler , Thacker Christine E , Bloom Devin D 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEvolutionary transitions between marine and freshwater ecosystems have occurred repeatedly throughout the phylogenetic history of fishes. The theory of ecological opportunity predicts that lineages that colonize species-poor regions will have greater potential for phenotypic diversification than lineages invading species-rich regions. Thus, transitions between marine and freshwaters may promote phenotypic diversification in trans-marine/freshwater fish clades. We used phylogenetic comparative methods to analyze body size data in nine major fish clades that have crossed the marine/freshwater boundary. We explored how habitat transitions, ecological opportunity, and community interactions influenced patterns of phenotypic diversity. Our analyses indicated that transitions between marine and freshwater habitats did not drive body size evolution, and there are few differences in body size between marine and freshwater lineages. We found that body size disparity in freshwater lineages is not correlated with the number of independent transitions to freshwaters. We found a positive correlation between body size disparity and overall species richness of a given area, and a negative correlation between body size disparity and diversity of closely related species. Our results indicate that the diversity of incumbent freshwater species does not restrict phenotypic diversification, but the diversity of closely related taxa can limit body size diversification. Ecological opportunity arising from colonization of novel habitats does not seem to have a major effect in the trajectory of body size evolution in trans-marine/freshwater clades. Moreover, competition with closely related taxa in freshwaters has a greater effect than competition with distantly related incumbent species.
News Arrival, Time-Varying Jump Intensity, and Realized Volatility: Conditional Testing Approach
Authors: Erdemlioglu Deniz , Yang Xiye 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper introduces new econometric tests to identify stochastic intensity jumps in high-frequency data. Our approach exploits the behavior of a time-varying stochastic intensity and allows us to assess how intensely stock market reacts to news. We describe the asymptotic properties of our test statistics, derive the associated central limit theorem and show in simulations that the tests have good size and reasonable power in finite-sample cases. Implementing our testing procedures on the S&P 500 exchange-traded fund data, we find strong evidence for the presence of intensity jumps surrounding the scheduled Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) policy announcements. Intensity jumps occur very frequently, trigger sharp increases in realized volatility and arrive when differences in opinion among market participants are large at times of FOMC press releases. Unlike intensity jumps, volatility jumps fail to explain the variation in news-induced realized volatility.
The relationship between individual and environmental factors related to health, nutritional status, and diet in elderly people living alone in Japan
Authors: Ishikawa Midori , Yokoyama Tetsuji 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aging is an essential milestone that governments worldwide must plan for. At a global level, Japan currently has the highest share of population older than 65 years. Thus, the Japanese experience may be a useful guide to other countries as they consider their policies. Elderly individuals living alone encounter many challenges typically not faced by those living in a multiperson household. Nutrition status and diet are 2 such challenges, both of which are crucial determinants of health and well-being. The health and nutrition statuses as well as some other factors in elderly individuals living alone in Japan were investigated. The identification of the factors relating to food diversity, social relationships, and physical ability, among others, indicates, as hypothesized, that the relationship between individual and environmental factors is associated with the health, nutritional statuses, and diets of elderly people living alone. The findings and approach may be useful to scholars and policy makers in significantly aging societies like Japan as well as other societies experiencing population aging.
Analysis of the Arabidopsiscoilinmutant reveals a positive role of AtCOILIN in plant immunity
Authors: Abulfaraj Aala A , Alhoraibi Hanna M , Mariappan Kiruthiga , Bigeard Jean , Zhang Huoming , Almeida-Trapp Marilia , Artyukh Olga , Abdulhakim Fatimah , Parween Sabiha , Pflieger Delphine , Blilou Ikram , Hirt Heribert , Rayapuram Naganand 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBiogenesis of ribonucleoproteins occurs in dynamic subnuclear compartments called Cajal bodies (CBs). COILIN is a critical scaffolding component essential for CB formation, composition, and activity. We recently showed that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) AtCOILIN is phosphorylated in response to bacterial elicitor treatment. Here, we further investigated the role of AtCOILIN in plant innate immunity. Atcoilin mutants are compromised in defense responses to bacterial pathogens. Besides confirming a role of AtCOILIN in alternative splicing (AS), Atcoilin showed differential expression of genes that are distinct from those of AS, including factors involved in RNA biogenesis, metabolism, plant immunity, and phytohormones. Atcoilin mutant plants have reduced levels of defense phytohormones. As expected, the mutant plants were more sensitive to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Our findings reveal an important role for AtCOILIN in innate plant immunity.
The dopaminergic system supports flexible and rewarding dyadic motor interactive behaviour in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Era Vanessa , Candidi Matteo , Pezzetta Rachele , Pulcini Claudia , D’Antonio Sara , Zabberoni Silvia , Peppe Antonella , Costa Alberto , Taglieri Sara , Carlesimo Giovanni Augusto , Aglioti Salvatore Maria 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStudies indicate that the dopaminergic system (DAS) supports individual flexible behaviour. While flexibility is quintessential to effective dyadic motor interactions, whether DAS mediates adaptations of one’s own motor behaviour to that of a partner is not known. Here, we asked patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) to synchronize their grasping movements with those of a virtual partner in conditions that did (Interactive) or did not (Cued) require to predict and adapt to its actions. PD performed the task during daily antiparkinsonian treatment (‘On’ condition) or after drug-withdrawal (‘Off’ condition). A group of healthy individuals also served as control group. In the Interactive condition, PDs performed better and found the interaction more enjoyable when in ‘On’ than in ‘Off’ condition. Crucially, PD performance in the ‘On’ condition did not differ from that of healthy controls. This pattern of results hints at the key role of the DAS in supporting the flexible adaptation of one’s own actions to the partner’s during motor interactions.