bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Accuracy of Arterial Spin Labeling in Comparison With Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast-Enhanced Perfusion for Brain Tumor Surveillance at 3T MRI
Authors: Lavrova Anna , Teunissen Wouter H. T. , Warnert Esther A. H. , van den Bent Martin , Smits Marion 
Published: May 2022

PurposeWe aimed to compare arterial spin labeling (ASL) with dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) enhanced perfusion MRI for the surveillance of primary and metastatic brain tumors at 3T, both in terms of lesion perfusion metrics and diagnostic accuracy.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we included 115 patients, who underwent both ASL and DSC perfusion in the same 3T MRI scanning session between 1 January and 31 December 2019. ASL-derived cerebral blood flow (CBF) maps and DSC-derived relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) maps, both uncorrected and corrected for leakage, were created with commercially available software. Lesions were identified as T2-/T2-FLAIR hyperintensity with or without contrast enhancement. Measurements were done by placing a region of interest in the visually determined area of highest perfusion, copying to the contralateral normal appearing white matter (NAWM), and then propagating to the other perfusion maps. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated between the CBF and rCBV ratios of tumor versus NAWM. Accuracy for diagnosing tumor progression was calculated as the area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve (AUC) for the ASL-CBF and leakage corrected DSC-rCBV ratios.ResultsWe identified 178 lesions, 119 with and 59 without contrast enhancement. Correlation coefficients between ASL-derived CBF versus DSC-derived rCBV ratios were 0.60–0.67 without and 0.72–0.78 with leakage correction in all lesions (n = 178); these were 0.65–0.80 in enhancing glioma (n = 80), 0.58–0.73 in non-enhancing glioma, and 0.14–0.40 in enhancing metastasis (n = 31). No significant correlation was found in enhancing (n = 8) or non-enhancing (n = 7) lymphomas. The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) for all patients were similar for ASL and DSC (0.73–0.78), and were higher for enhancing glioma (AUC = 0.78–0.80) than for non-enhancing glioma (AUC = 0.56–0.62). In brain metastasis, the AUC was lower for ASL-derived CBF (AUC = 0.72) than for DSC-derived rCBV ratios (AUC = 0.87–0.93).ConclusionWe found that ASL and DSC have more or less the same diagnostic accuracy. Our findings suggest that ASL can be used as an alternative to DSC to measure perfusion in enhancing and non-enhancing gliomas and brain metastasis at 3T. For lymphoma, this should be further investigated in a larger population.
Systemic Therapy Type and Timing Effects on Radiation Necrosis Risk in HER2+ Breast Cancer Brain Metastases Patients Treated With Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Authors: Park Christine , Buckley Evan D. , Van Swearingen Amanda E. D. , Giles Will , Herndon James E. , Kirkpatrick John P. , Anders Carey K. , Floyd Scott R. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThere is a concern that HER2-directed systemic therapies, when administered concurrently with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), may increase the risk of radiation necrosis (RN). This study explores the impact of timing and type of systemic therapies on the development of RN in patients treated with SRS for HER2+ breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBrM).MethodsThis was a single-institution, retrospective study including patients &gt;18 years of age with HER2+ BCBrM who received SRS between 2013 and 2018 and with at least 12-month post-SRS follow-up. Presence of RN was determined via imaging at one-year post-SRS, with confirmation by biopsy in some patients. Demographics, radiotherapy parameters, and timing (“during” defined as four weeks pre- to four weeks post-SRS) and type of systemic therapy (e.g., chemotherapy, HER2-directed) were evaluated.ResultsAmong 46 patients with HER2+ BCBrM who received SRS, 28 (60.9%) developed RN and 18 (39.1%) did not based on imaging criteria. Of the 11 patients who underwent biopsy, 10/10 (100%) who were diagnosed with RN on imaging were confirmed to be RN positive on biopsy and 1/1 (100%) who was not diagnosed with RN was confirmed to be RN negative on biopsy. Age (mean 53.3 vs 50.4 years, respectively), radiotherapy parameters (including total dose, fractionation, CTV and size target volume, all p&gt;0.05), and receipt of any type of systemic therapy during SRS (60.7% vs 55.6%, p=0.97) did not differ between patients who did or did not develop RN. However, there was a trend for patients who developed RN to have received more than one agent of HER2-directed therapy independent of SRS timing compared to those who did not develop RN (75.0% vs 44.4%, p=0.08). Moreover, a significantly higher proportion of those who developed RN received more than one agent of HER2-directed therapy during SRS treatment compared to those who did not develop RN (35.7% vs 5.6%, p=0.047).ConclusionsPatients with HER2 BCBrM who receive multiple HER2-directed therapies during SRS for BCBrM may be at higher risk of RN. Collectively, these data suggest that, in the eight-week window around SRS administration, if HER2-directed therapy is medically necessary, it is preferable that patients receive a single agent.
Metabolomic Profiling for Histologically Fibrotic Stage in Chronic Drug-Induced Liver Injury
Authors: He Xian , Zhou Ming-Xi , Cheng Cheng , Li Shan-Shan , Gao Yuan , Ma Zhi-Tao , Song Xin-Hua , Bai Zhao-Fang , Zou Zheng-Sheng , Xiao Xiao-He , Wang Jia-Bo , Lu Ya-Wen 
Published: May 2022

Background and aims: Chronic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a rare but under-researched adverse drug reaction–related disease, which is highly likely to progress into liver fibrosis and even cirrhosis. In this study, metabolomics was used to screen out characteristic metabolites related to the histological progression of fibrosis in chronic DILI and analyze the metabolic changes during the development of fibrosis to explain the underlying mechanism.Methods: Chronic DILI patients who underwent liver biopsy were divided into different fibrosis grades. Serum was analyzed by untargeted metabolomics to find serological characteristic metabolite fingerprints. The screened fingerprints were validated by the validation group patients, and the identification ability of fingerprints was compared using FibroScan.Results: A total of 31 metabolites associated with fibrosis and 11 metabolites associated with advanced fibrosis were identified. The validation group confirmed the accuracy of the two metabolite fingerprints [area under the curve (AUC) value 0.753 and 0.944]. In addition, the fingerprints showed the ability to distinguish the grades of fibrosis by comparing using FibroScan. The metabolite fingerprint pathway showed that bile acid synthesis is disturbed while lipid metabolism is extremely active, resulting in an overload of lipid metabolites in the occurrence and development of chronic DILI–associated fibrosis.Conclusions: Our metabolomic analysis reveals the unique metabolomic fingerprints associated with chronic DILI fibrosis, which have potential clinical diagnostic and prognostic significances. The metabolomic fingerprints suggest the disturbance of the lipid metabolites as the most important factor in the development of DILI fibrosis.
COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Transient Global Amnesia: A Disproportionality Analysis of the WHO Safety Database
Authors: Merino Diane , Gérard Alexandre O. , Van Obberghen Elise K. , Ben Othman Nouha , Ettore Eric , Giordana Bruno , Viard Delphine , Rocher Fanny , Destere Alexandre , Benoit Michel , Drici Milou-Daniel 
Published: May 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread rapidly, resulting in a global pandemic for which vaccines were quickly developed. As their safety continues to be monitored, cases of transient global amnesia (TGA) following mRNA vaccination with elasomeran have been reported. TGA is characterized by sudden onset of anterograde amnesia with preservation of other cognitive functions and resolution within 24 h. We aimed to investigate the potential link of TGA with COVID-19 vaccines. We queried the World Health Organization VigiBase® for all reports of “Transient global amnesia”, up to 6 December 2021. Disproportionality analysis relied on the Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR) with its 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and the Information Component (IC). A positive lower end of the 95% CI of the IC (IC025) is used to statistically detect a signal. Of all TGA cases, 289 were associated with a COVID-19 vaccine, representing the most frequent association. Tozinameran was mostly represented (147, 50.8%), followed by AZD1222 (69, 23,8%), elasomeran (60, 20.8%), and JNJ-78436735 (12, 4.2%). With an IC025 &gt; 0, COVID-19 vaccines showed a significant ROR (5.1; 95%CI 4.4–6.0). Tozinameran reached the strongest ROR (4.6; 95%CI 3.9–5.0), followed by elasomeran (4.4; 95%CI 3.4–6.0), AZD1222 (3.8; 95%CI 3.0–5.0), and JNJ-78436735 (3.7; 95%CI 2.1–6.0). Our analysis of COVID-19 vaccines-related TGA reports shows significant disproportionality. Cerebrovascular, inflammatory, or migrainous mechanisms may underlie this association. Yet, numerous confounding factors cannot be tackled with this approach, and causality cannot be ascertained. The identification of this trigger of TGA may help the clinician in his etiological research.
Effectiveness and Acceptability of e- and m-Health Interventions to Promote Physical Activity and Prevent Falls in Nursing Homes—A Systematic Review
Authors: Diener Jonathan , Rayling Sabine , Bezold Jelena , Krell-Roesch Janina , Woll Alexander , Wunsch Kathrin 
Published: May 2022

Age-related decreases in physical activity (PA) and a decline in physical functioning lead to increased fall risk. As falls are a major cause of accidental deaths and hospitalization in older adults, PA promotion and fall prevention are important measures, especially in nursing homes (NH). With advances in information and communication technology, e- and m-health solutions have been developed to positively influence various health-related factors. To date, only little research exists on the implementation of these technologies to promote health in NH. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to provide an overview of the effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of e- and m-health interventions aimed at promoting PA and preventing falls in NH. Additionally, the effectiveness of such interventions regarding the secondary outcomes physical function, cognitive function, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and psychosocial status was examined. A systematic literature search was performed in five databases and studies published until 15 November 2021, were considered for inclusion. All studies that examined the effectiveness and/or the acceptability and feasibility of e- or m-health interventions in promoting PA and preventing falls in NH, without restriction on language or date of publication, were included in the final synthesis. Of the 1,358 records retrieved, 28 studies were included in this systematic review. Twenty-four studies contained digital exergaming as an intervention or as a part of the intervention, the four additional studies on e-health interventions only examined a small number of outcomes. No m-health intervention study was identified. Data synthesis indicates that exergaming may be effective in reducing the number of falls and fall risk in NH residents. Several significant improvements were also reported regarding secondary outcomes albeit not consistent across studies. No conclusion can be drawn about the effects of exergaming and other e-health interventions on PA, as data is scarce. E-health interventions were mostly reported as feasible and well accepted by NH residents. However, these findings may not be applicable to NH residents with advanced physical and/or cognitive impairments, since they were excluded in many studies. Therefore, more research examining other digital solutions besides exergaming to promote PA in this specific population is critical.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42021289488
Electrophysiological Changes Between Patients With Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts: An Event-Related Potential Study
Authors: Yoon Sung Hoon , Shim Se-Hoon , Kim Ji Sun 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:Inhibitory control is regarded as an important ability related to the transition from suicidal ideation to suicide attempts. In event-related potential, patients with dysfunction of inhibitory control demonstrate a reduction in the no-go amplitude. This study aimed to determine the association between the no-go event-related potential component and suicidal behaviors among suicide attempters and ideators who never attempted suicide.MethodsOverall, 150 patients who visited the emergency room by suicide attempts or patients who visited the psychiatric department with suicidal ideation were recruited and instructed to perform a go/no-go task during electroencephalography recording. The Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Barratt Impulsivity Scale, Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale, and Acquired Capability for Suicide Scale were used. Individuals were divided into two groups: those with suicide attempt group) and with suicidal ideation (SI group) without SA. The psychological characteristics and event-related potentials of the two groups were compared. Correlation analyses were conducted to test the association between the clinical characteristics and event-related potentials.ResultsThe SA group had significantly decreased no-go P3 amplitudes at all electrodes compared to the SI group. In the correlation analysis between the clinical measurements and event-related potentials in all the participants, no-go P3 amplitudes in whole electrode sites were negatively correlated with the scores of the acquired capability for the suicide scale.ConclusionsThis study revealed that suicide attempters have dysfunction in controlling inhibition compared to suicide ideators reflected in the no-go P3. Our findings suggested that no-go P3 can be a biomarker associated suicide attempts in suicide ideators.
Prediction of Antidepressant Efficacy by Cognitive Function in First-Episode Late-Life Depression: A Pilot Study
Authors: Pan Weigang , Liu Chaomeng , Zhu Dandi , Liu Yi , Mao Peixian , Ren Yanping , Ma Xin 
Published: May 2022

The response rate of treatment for late-life depression (LLD) is only 25–60%. The cognitive impairment associated with LLD often affects the effectiveness of antidepressants and may has the potential ability to predict response. This study seeks a biomarker for baseline cognitive function to predict efficacy of antidepressants. Sixty patients diagnosed with LLD received escitalopram or sertraline treatment for 8 weeks. Clinical symptom was measured using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 (HAMD-17) and cognitive function was measured using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), Trail Making Test (TMT) before and after 8-week treatment. Patients were divided into treatment effective group (TE) and treatment ineffective group (TI) according to reduction rate in scores of HAMD-17 after treatment. Thirty-eight matched healthy controls (HC) were assessed using RBANS and TMT. There was significant decrease of score of RBANS and increase of score of TMT in patients with LLD compared with HC. Regression analysis revealed that change in HAMD-17 score was significantly positively associated with baseline score of picture naming, figure copy, digit span, and delayed memory. The preliminary findings suggested that working memory, attention, visuospatial, language function, and delayed memory should be examined further as a means of providing the useful objective biomarkers of treatment response.Clinical Trials Registration[www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [ChiCTR2100042370].
Motherhood Health Penalty: Impact of Fertility on Physical and Mental Health of Chinese Women of Childbearing Age
Authors: Jiang Yao , Yang Fan 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe negative consequences of childbearing on mothers are called the motherhood penalty, and it manifests in the aspects of women's physical and mental health. In May 2021, China relaxed its birth policy that allowed a married couple to have three children. It gives women the opportunity to have more children, but also may increase more risks to mothers' physical and mental health.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to clarify the relationships between the fertility and the physical/mental health of women of childbearing age and empirically confirm the existence of the motherhood health penalty in China.Materials and MethodsUsing a nationally representative dataset from the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey 2018, we examined the effects of fertility on the physical and mental health of Chinese women of childbearing age. Physical health was self-rated, and mental health was assessed according to the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. The instrumental variable approach and the models of inverse probability of treatment weighting of propensity scores and regression adjustment were employed to overcome the endogeneity between fertility and health of women.ResultsThe empirical results showed that the total number of births had significant adverse impacts on the physical and mental health of women of childbearing age, which empirically demonstrated the existence of the motherhood health penalty in China. The results of heterogeneity analysis indicated that the physical and mental health of the rural women was more easily affected by childbearing compared with that of the urban samples. In a mechanism analysis, the pathways of income and the multiple roles played by mothers were found to mediate the impacts of the total number of births on the physical and mental health of women. The robustness checks showed that the results of this study were robust.ConclusionsThe findings of this study extend the motherhood penalty to the health domain, and they have important implications for improving healthcare policy for women of childbearing age in China and other countries and regions and promoting gender equality in the healthcare field.
Association Between Social Support and Perceived Stress: A Cross-Sectional Study on Staffs of the Epidemic Prevention During the Covid-19 Epidemic in China
Authors: Zhang Ling , Fu Binbin , Xu Yi , Zhang Qi , Peng Shuzhen , Tan Xiaodong 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown considerably affects people's life in China, both physically and mentally. Staffs of the epidemic prevention and control in the community have played an irreplaceable role during community lockdown period in Wuhan. However, few studies have focused on their health status during epidemic prevention. This study aimed to appraise the available evidence of health conditions of them and explore the influencing factors.MethodUsed a multistage sampling method, we conducted a survey in staffs of the epidemic prevention and control in the community (N = 503). Descriptive analysis was used to characterize the respondents. T-test and analysis of variance were for group differences analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to verify the scale validity, correlation analysis and pathway analysis and Structural equation model (SEM) was used to study the relationship between stress perception, social support, mental resilience and sleep quality. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 26.0, R version 4.1.3 and Mplus 8.3.ResultsThe mean Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) score of the respondents was 13.28 ± 7.31 and 51.1% had higher PSS score than the normal. In the absence of social support, people's sleeping quality and psychological resilience may decrease, their perceived stress may elevate and compromise mental health correspondingly. Social support could affect perceived stress directly, while Sleep quality and psychology resilience played significant partial mediating roles in social support affecting perceived stress. The mediating effects accounted for 50.8% of the total.ConclusionStaffs of the epidemic prevention and control in the community suffered from poor sleep quality and high level of stress perception. Establishment of good social support may effectively reduce their stress and this effect is mediated by sleep quality and psychological resilience. Physical health status would affect the staffs' mental health and they more attention should be paid to those with poor physical health.
Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Among Narcotic and Stimulant Users Referred to Maintenance Methadone Therapy Centers in Ahvaz City: Iran
Authors: Saki Fatemeh , Cheraghi Maria , Mohamadian Hashem , Ghorbanyjavadpour Fataneh 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionWe aimed to assess quality of life related to oral health in narcotic or stimulant users those were referred to maintenance methadone therapy (MMT) centers in Ahvaz City, Iran.MethodsIt was a cross-sectional study based on exploratory approach which has conducted on 187 narcotic and stimulant users in Ahvaz city; during 15th May till September 2020. Data was selected by available non-random sampling method. The data collection tools included the demographic variables and the standard OHIP-14 questionnaires. All tests were used as descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance. P-values of less than 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsThe mean and standard deviation of the participants' age was 36.03 ± 8.98 years. The quality-of-life scores related to oral health were totally 34.89 ± 6.50 as well as 37.37 and 33.96 in narcotic and stimulant users, respectively. The total quality of life related to OHIP-14 did not have a significant relationship with variables of age, life companions, level of education, number of children, economic status, employment status, insurance status, underlying disease, toothbrush use status, last dentist visit, and number of missing teeth (P &gt; 0.05). However, a significant difference was found between the quality of life related to oral health based on the type of substance used (narcotic or stimulant), so that the mean quality of life related to oral health was higher in narcotic than stimulant users (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionQuality of life related to OHIP-14 was more unfavorable in stimulant users than narcotic users. So, policy makers and authorities are required to focus their interventions and research programs to improve health-related quality of life in users, especially stimulant.