bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low Efficiency Roll‐Off Blue Phosphorescent OLEDs at High Brightness Based on [3+2+1] Coordinated Iridium (III) Complexes
Authors: Wu Chengcheng , Tong Kai‐Ning , Zhang Meng , Ng Maggie , Zhang Si‐Wei , Cai Wanqing , Jung Sinyeong , Wu Yuan , Yang Chen , Tang Man‐Chung , Wei Guodan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA new series of blue phosphorescent cyclometalated [3+2+1] coordinated iridium (III) complexes containing 2‐(2′,4′‐difluoropyridyl) pyridine derivatives have been designed and synthesized to investigate their structure–property relationship on the nature of excited states and tune their emission wavelengths from saturated‐blue to sky‐blue region at 437−489 nm. These complexes exhibit high photoluminescent quantum yields (PLQYs) of up to 90% and short excited state lifetime in the range of 2−5 µs in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) thin films. Sky‐blue organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on such pyridine‐containing [3+2+1] iridium (III) dopants have exhibited maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEmax) and current efficiency (CE) of 17.3% and 42.3 cd A–1, respectively. To note, very small efficiency roll‐off value from 4.3% to 19.7% is achieved at the luminance level of 1000 cd m–2. The well‐balanced electron and hole injection currents, the short lifetime of excited excitons, and wide recombination zone by leveraging the obtained iridium (III) dopants and exciplex co‐host have greatly decreased the accumulation of triplet excitons at the high luminescence level, leading to dramatically reduced efficiency roll‐off. It is anticipated that this work provides new insights into the design of saturated‐blue‐emitting iridium (III) complexes with reduced efficiency roll‐off in their fabricated OLEDs.
A Vanadium‐Based Fluoroxide Cathode Material for Lithium‐Ion Storage with High Energy Density
Authors: He Xiaolong , Yan Qi , He Haiyan , Shang Jian , Zhou Xiaolong , Chanlek Narong , Tunmee Sarayut , Kidkhunthod Pinit , Yao Wenjiao , Tang Yongbing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHigh‐performance lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are required for the rising energy storage demand, while their development depends mainly on cathode materials. Vanadium‐based compounds are considered to be promising due to the feasibility of multielectron reactions arising from the rich valence states of vanadium (+2 to +5). Herein, for the first time the electrochemical properties of a vanadium‐based fluoroxide, β‐KVOF3, as a cathode for LIBs, are reported. After optimization, a reversible capacity as high as 274 mAh g−1, a stable 300 cycles lifetime, and an energy density comparable to LiFePO4 (650 vs 550 Wh kg−1) are achieved. Experiments and simulation study of reaction mechanism illustrate that such performance originates from the reversible V3+/V5+ redox reaction, high structural stability of β‐KVOF3, and the pseudocapacitive process during charging and discharging. This study reveals that β‐KVOF3 is a promising cathode for Li‐ion storage and provides a new design idea for developing high‐performance LIBs cathode materials.
Metallic‐Ion Controlled Dynamic Bonds to Co‐Harvest Isomerization Energy and Bond Enthalpy for High‐Energy Output of Flexible Self‐Heated Textile
Authors: Wang Hui , Feng Yiyu , Gao Jian , Fang Wenyu , Ge Jing , Yang Xiaoyu , Zhai Fei , Yu Yunfei , Feng Wei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMolecular light‐harvesting capabilities and the production of low‐temperature heat output are essential for flexible self‐heated textiles. An effective strategy to achieve these characteristics is to introduce photoresponsive molecular interactions (photodynamic bonds) to increase the energy storage capacity and optimize the low‐temperature photochromic kinetics. In this study, a series of sulfonic‐grafted azobenzene‐based polymers interacted with different metal ions (PAzo‐M, M = Mg, Ca, Ni, Zn, Cu, and Fe) to optimize the energy level and isomerization kinetics of these polymers is designed and prepared. Photoinduced formation and dissociation of MO dynamic bonds enlarge the energy gap (∆E) between trans and cis isomers for high‐energy storage and favor a high rate of isomerization for low‐temperature heat release. The suitable binding energy and high ∆E enable PAzo‐M to store and release isomerization energy and bond enthalpy even in a low‐temperature (−5 °C) environment. PAzo‐Mg possesses the highest energy storage density of 408.6 J g−1 (113.5 Wh kg−1). A flexible textile coated with PAzo‐Mg can provide a high rise in temperature of 7.7–12.5 °C in a low‐temperature (−5.0 to 5.0 °C) environment by selectively self‐releasing heat indoors and outdoors. The flexible textile provides a new pathway for wearable thermal management devices.
Highly Integrated, Wearable Carbon‐Nanotube‐Yarn‐Based Thermoelectric Generators Achieved by Selective Inkjet‐Printed Chemical Doping
Authors: Park Kyung Tae , Cho Young Shik , Jeong Inho , Jang Doojoon , Cho Hyeon , Choi Yoohyeon , Lee Taemin , Ko Youngpyo , Choi Jaeyoo , Hong Soo Young , Oh Min‐Wook , Chung Seungjun , Park Chong Rae , Kim Heesuk 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFlexible thermoelectrics that enable conformal contact with heat sources of arbitrary shape are indispensable for self‐powered wearable electronics. Scalable integration of flexible thermoelectric (TE) materials into functional devices has improved over the past few years, however, the practical applications of flexible TE materials are still hindered by low performance. Herein, highly aligned carbon‐nanotube yarns (CNTYs) are proposed, combined with selective doping via picoliter scale inkjet printing. Coagulation assisted by van der Waals forces ensures a highly aligned structure of the CNTY, thus achieving the ultrahigh power factors of 4091 and 4739 µW m−1 K−2 for the p‐ and n‐type, respectively. The proposed TE materials can be effortlessly up‐scaled into highly integrated modules via inkjet printing. A highly integrated, flexible CNTY‐based TE generator (TEG) with 600 PN pairs generates unparalleled milliwatt‐scale power at ΔT = 25 K, which is a few orders of magnitude higher than those of previously reported flexible material‐based TEGs. This TEG successfully powers a red light‐emitting diode using body heat alone, requiring no external power sources. For the seamless operation of practical applications requiring high power, this work explores the key design parameters for flexible TEGs with high performance and manufacturability and presents new platforms for self‐powered wearable electronics.
Denatured proteins show new vitality: Green synthesis of germanium oxide hollow microspheres with versatile functions by denaturing proteins around bubbles
Authors: Zhao Yanfang , Liang Xin , Chen Daoyuan , Bian Xuhui , Liu Wanjian , Han Lei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe hollow structure has long attracted great attention because of its excellent properties. However, this special structure is usually synthesized through some complex approaches. Herein, we discovered that denatured bovine serum albumin (BSA) can trigger unusual biomineralization for the simple, green and shape‐controllable synthesis of germanium oxide (GeOx) hollow microsphere (HMS). At high temperature (60°C), BSA was denatured, and a compact BSA layer was formed around the H2 bubbles. The denatured BSA layer was stable and suitable for anchoring and growing GeOx. By simply changing the BSA concentration and temperature, various morphologies of GeOx could be obtained. Due to the denatured protein skeletons and microenvironment‐regulated collapse, GeOx HMS showed great potential for intelligently responsive pesticide delivery in the insect gut, showing superiority over traditional delivery systems, which early release pesticides in the mouth and stomach. Inspired by its large specific surface area, excellent biocompatibility, modifiable functional groups, and high electrocatalytic activity, GeOx HMS was also applied to versatile sensors for H2O2 assays at physiological pH and rapid coronavirus COVID‐19 detection. This work not only provides some evidence for understanding proteins in depth but also paves a new avenue for the biomineralization‐inspired synthesis of hollow structures with versatile functions.
Changes in the prevalence of undernutrition, overweight and obesity in children and adolescents from Buenos Aires, Mendoza, and Misiones provinces (Argentina) over the last two decades
Authors: Cesani María F. , Garraza Mariela , Zonta María L. , Torres María F. , Navazo Bárbara , Bergel Sanchís María L. , Luna María E. , Gauna María E. , Quintero Fabián A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine changes in the prevalence of undernutrition, overweight and obesity in Argentine children and adolescents over the last two decades, and analyze their relationship with family socioeconomic conditions.MethodsWe compared data in two cross‐sectional studies (C) of schoolchildren (n: 4971) aged 4 to 13 years from three provinces: Buenos Aires, Mendoza and Misiones. C1 was carried out between 2005 and 2009 and C2 between 2010 and 2019. Anthropometric (body weight, height, triceps and subscapular skinfolds) and socioeconomic data of both studies were obtained in the same schools by the same investigators, using a similar methodology. The prevalence of nutritional status and the frequency of family socioeconomic conditions were calculated by province and C. Data were analyzed by chi square test, categorical principal component analysis and generalized linear model.ResultsThe prevalence of undernutrition decreased in C2 in Buenos Aires and Misiones and remained constant in Mendoza. At the same time, the prevalence of overweight and obesity increased in the three provinces, around 13% in Buenos Aires and 9% in Mendoza and Misiones. Similarly, fat mass increased in C2. Undernutrition was associated with inadequate family socioeconomic conditions only in C1.ConclusionsThis 14‐year follow‐up study shows a decreasing trend in the prevalence of undernutrition and an increasing trend in the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and fat mass in the child and adolescent population of Argentina. Also, a marked deterioration in family socioeconomic conditions was found, but its relationship with the changes in nutritional status remains to be elucidated.
Crossed pulmonary arteries: An underestimated cardiovascular variant with a strong association with genetic syndromes—A report of 74 cases with systematic review of the literature
Authors: Mastromoro Gioia , Calcagni Giulio , Vignaroli Walter , Anaclerio Silvia , Pugnaloni Flaminia , Rinelli Gabriele , Secinaro Aurelio , Bordonaro Veronica , Putotto Carolina , Unolt Marta , Digilio Maria Cristina , Marino Bruno , Versacci Paolo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCrossed pulmonary arteries (CPAs) represent an uncommon anatomic variant, usually associated with some specific syndromes and conotruncal defects. This finding has been described in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2DS). We evaluated the correlation between CPAs and genetic diseases, in order to better define the characteristics of this variant, considered a rare anatomic pattern. An in‐depth analysis of CPAs genotype–phenotype correlations was performed via a literature review. We detected 74 CPAs patients through echocardiography. Of these 74 patients, 35.1% of patients showed additional intracardiac malformations, while 29.7% showed extracardiac vascular anomalies, of which 16.2% were associated with intracardiac defects and 13.5% were not. In all, 62.2% of patients were diagnosed with genetic diseases and 52.2% of them were 22q11.2DS patients. In conclusions, CPAs represent a cardiovascular variant, which is detectable in nonsyndromic individuals, but especially in various genetic syndromes and in particular in 22q11.2DS patients. Data on the real prevalence of this morphology is lacking in literature. Knowledge of this anatomic variant is useful to interpret the unusual course of the pulmonary branches and is helpful information before cardiovascular surgical correction. Moreover, due to the strong association of CPAs with some genetic syndromes, the identification of this anatomic pattern can indicate the utility of a genetic assessment of these patients.
COASY related pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 12: A common Indian mutation with expansion of the phenotypic spectrum
Authors: Mishra Ranjana , Kulshreshtha Samarth , Mandal Kausik , Khurana Ashok , Diego‐Álvarez Dan , Pradas Laura , Saxena Renu , Phadke Shubha , Moirangthem Amita , Masih Suzena , Sud Seema , Verma Ishwar Chander , Dua Puri Ratna 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH) type 12 is a rare, perinatal lethal neurodegenerative genetic disorder caused by biallelic mutations in the COASY gene. Herein, we describe the clinical and neuroradiological profile of nine affected fetuses/neonates from five families identified with a common COASY: c.1486‐3C>G biallelic variant. Four of the five families were identified after data reanalysis of unresolved, severe PCH like phenotype and the fifth family through collaboration. The common antenatal phenotype was cerebellar hypoplasia. Microcephaly, arthrogryposis, and intrauterine growth restriction were the shared postnatal findings. The neurological manifestations included seizures, poor sucking, and spasticity. Novel findings of corpus callosum agenesis, simplified gyral pattern, normal sized pons, optic neuropathy, and a small thorax are reported in this series. The allele frequency of the COASY: c.1486‐3C>G variant was 0.62% in the available Asian Indian database. We describe this as a possible common Indian origin variant. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest PCH12 series reported.
Luminescent Imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine Scaffold: Synthetic Heterocyclization Strategies‐Overview and Promising Applications
Authors: Volpi Giorgio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the last few years, imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine derivatives have attracted growing attention due to their remarkable emissive behaviours, structural modification and biological properties. Previously published works emphasize the possible technological applications of this luminescent scaffold and demonstrate the stringent relationship between chemical substituents and optical properties. The main goal of this work is to provide a complete list of the reported achievements concerning these promising heterocyclization reactions obtained starting from a huge variety of reagents, catalysts, oxidants, dehydrating agents involved in various reaction conditions. Particular attention is focused on the final possible substitutions, conjugations and structural modifications of the reported synthetic approaches, a powerful aspect to design innovative and employable new luminescent imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine products.
Spectroscopic Fingerprints of Cavity Formation and Solute Insertion as a Measure of Hydration Entropic Loss and Enthalpic Gain
Authors: Pezzotti Simone , Sebastiani Federico , van Dam Eliane P. , Ramos Sashary , Conti Nibali Valeria , Schwaab Gerhard , Havenith Martina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHydration free energies are dictated by a subtle balance of hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions. We present here a spectroscopic approach, which gives direct access to the two main contributions: Using THz‐spectroscopy to probe the frequency range of the intermolecular stretch (150–200 cm−1) and the hindered rotations (450–600 cm−1), the local contributions due to cavity formation and hydrophilic interactions can be traced back. We show that via THz calorimetry these fingerprints can be correlated 1 : 1 with the group specific solvation entropy and enthalpy. This allows to deduce separately the hydrophobic (i.e. cavity formation) and hydrophilic contributions to thermodynamics, as shown for hydrated alcohols as a case study. Accompanying molecular dynamics simulations quantitatively support our experimental results. In the future our approach will allow to dissect hydration contributions in inhomogeneous mixtures and under non‐equilibrium conditions.
Hyperbranched Polyborate: A Non‐conjugated Fluorescent Polymer with Unanticipated High Quantum Yield and Multicolor Emission
Authors: Guo Liulong , Yan Lirong , He Yanyun , Feng Weixu , Zhao Yan , Tang Ben Zhong , Yan Hongxia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNon‐conjugated fluorescent polymers have attracted great attention due to their excellent biocompatibility and environmental friendliness. However, it remains a huge challenge to obtain a polymer with high fluorescence quantum yield (QY) and multicolor emission simultaneously. Herein, we reported three kinds of nonaromatic hyperbranched polyborates (P1–P3) with multicolor emission, surprisingly,P2also exhibits an unanticipated high QY (54.1 %). The natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculation results revealed that the synergistic effect of rigid BO3planar and flexible carbon chain, as well as the through‐space dative bond in supramolecular aggregate, were the key factors contributing to the ultrahigh QY ofP2. Moreover, the applications ofP2in Fe3+ions detection and cell imaging were also investigated. This work provides a new perspective for designing non‐conjugated fluorescent polymers with both high QY and multicolor emission.
Modification of the alginate hydrogel with fibroblast‐ and Schwann cell‐derived extracellular matrix potentiates differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells toward neuron‐like cells
Authors: Ayar Zahra , Shafieian Mehdi , Sabzevari Omid , Hassannejad Zahra 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe loss of neurons is one of the most irreversible phenomena in traumatic injuries to the central nervous system (CNS). One of the recent approaches to replace the lost neurons is delivering stem cells to the lesion area and differentiating them using biodegradable scaffolds. Alginate has been known as an efficient hydrogel for this target. However, its bioactivity needs to be improved to promote cell adhesion/differentiation. In this study, alginate hydrogel was synthesized and optimized regarding mechanical properties of the CNS, and its bioactivity was improved using Schwann cell‐ and fibroblast‐derived extracellular matrix (ECM). The results of immunostaining showed higher differentiation efficacy on ECM‐modified hydrogels than controls. Although secreted protein content by fibroblast was 12.01 ± 2.09 folds higher than Schwann cells, no significant difference was observed between the differentiation potential of ECM‐modified hydrogels. Accordingly, both ECM‐modified hydrogels can be an appropriate scaffold to promote differentiation toward neuron‐like cells and, subsequently, nerve regeneration.
Postnatal development of the enteric neurons expressing neuronal nitric oxide synthase
Authors: Budnik Antonina F. , Masliukov Petr M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNeurons, expressing neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the enteric ganglia are inhibitory motor neurons or interneurons. The aim of the study was to identify the percentage, cross‐sectional area of nNOS‐immunoreactive (IR) neurons and their colocalization with choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and neuropeptide Y in the intramural ganglia of the myenteric (MP) and submucous plexus (SP) of the small intestine (SI) and large intestine (LI) of rats of different age groups using immunohistochemical methods. In the intramural ganglia of the MP, the largest percentage of nNOS‐IR neurons was detected in newborn rats in the LI (81 ± 0.9%) and SI (48 ± 4.1%). Subsequently, it decreased in ontogenesis up to 60 days of life (26 ± 0.9% LI, 29 ± 3.2% SI), and did not change until senescence. In the SP, abundant nNOS‐IR neurons were also detected in newborns (82 ± 7.0% SI, 85 ± 3.2% LI), while their percentage decreased significantly in the next 20 days. Furthermore, a very small number of nNOS‐IR neurons was detected in 30‐day‐ and 2‐month‐old animals, but they again appeared in large numbers in aged rats. In the MP, the highest percentage of nNOS+/ChAT+ neurons was in 1‐day‐old, 10‐day‐old, and 2‐year‐old rats. In the SP, the largest number of nNOS‐IR neurons colocalized ChAT regardless of age. In the MP of all rats, many nNOS‐IR neurons colocalized VIP, and the maximal percentage of nNOS+/VIP+ neurons was found in 2‐year‐old rats, minimal—in newborns. In conclusion, nNOS expression in neurons of the gut is decreased in early postnatal ontogenesis and subsequently increased in aged rats.
Fixed‐time adaptive neural control for nonstrict‐feedback uncertain nonlinear systems with output constraints
Authors: Yao Qijia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper addresses the fixed‐time output‐constrained control problem for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems in nonstrict‐feedback form. A novel fixed‐time adaptive neural control scheme is proposed by integrating the barrier Lyapunov function (BLF), neural networks, and fixed‐time control technique into the backstepping control design. Rigorous theoretical analysis for the semi‐global fixed‐time stability of the whole closed‐loop system is provided. The proposed controller can guarantee all the closed‐loop error signals converge to the small regions about zero in fixed time while ensuring the system output can always stay within the predefined output constraints. In addition, the proposed controller is structurally simple, which makes it affordable for practical applications. Finally, two simulation examples are performed to illustrate the effectiveness and benefits of the proposed control scheme.
Networked‐based H∞ control for discrete‐time slow sampling singularly perturbed systems via an improved event‐triggered approach
Authors: Hu Yue , Ma Lei , Cai Chenxiao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the H∞ control problem for a class of slow sampling singularly perturbed systems (S3PSs) with an improved event‐triggered method (ETM). Compared with the conventional static ETM, an improved one with time‐varying threshold is exploited to enhance the dynamic performance for the S3PSs with certain communication frequency reduction. By adjusting the threshold with the triggering error, a faster converge speed can be achieved. Sufficient conditions are derived by constructing a singular perturbation parameter (SPP) dependent Lyapunov function, with which both asymptotic stability can be guaranteed for the closed‐loop S3PSs and the ill‐conditioned numerical issues can be avoided. By resorting to the matrix inequality techniques, an ETM‐based controller can be developed within the upper bound of the SPP. Further demonstration for the feasibility of the proposed algorithm is presented by designing an ETM‐based controller for an inverted pendulum system.
Solving a category of two‐dimensional fractional optimal control problems using discrete Legendre polynomials
Authors: Rezazadeh Arezou , Avazzadeh Zakieh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we formulate a numerical method to approximate the solution of two‐dimensional optimal control problem with a fractional parabolic partial differential equation (PDE) constraint in the Caputo type. First, the optimal conditions of the optimal control problems are derived. Then, we discretize the spatial derivatives and time derivatives terms in the optimal conditions by using shifted discrete Legendre polynomials and collocations method. The main idea is simplifying the optimal conditions to a system of algebraic equations. In fact, the main privilege of this new type of discretization is that the numerical solution is directly and globally obtained by solving one efficient algebraic system rather than step‐by‐step process which avoids accumulation and propagation of error. Several examples are tested and numerical results show a good agreement between exact and approximate solutions.