bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performing postmortem examinations on small animals in first‐opinion practice
Authors: Lee Alison , Wasques Danilo Gouveia 
Published: March 2022

Background: Postmortem examination (PME) is often viewed as a specialised procedure, but it is listed as a Day One Competence by the RCVS. The ability to perform a PME confidently in first‐opinion practice may allow veterinarians to confirm their clinical diagnoses, and provides an opportunity for self education and quality control. It is also an important tool for disease surveillance. Clear communication with the animal's owner and obtaining consent are essential before a PME is undertaken. Veterinarians should be aware of situations in which performing a PME may not be appropriate in first‐opinion practice (eg, legal/forensic cases).Aim of the article: This article discusses the considerations that must be made before undertaking a PME in small animals and outlines the steps involved in the procedure.
Veterinary approach to the amphibian patient
Authors: Naguib Mark 
Published: March 2022

Background: Amphibians are commonly kept in the UK but are afforded little time in veterinary curricula and are often grouped with reptiles in veterinary texts and continuing professional development resources. While the approach to the amphibian patient shares some similarities with how reptiles are approached, there are significant zoological, biological and clinical differences. A background knowledge of their anatomy, physiology, biology and husbandry is required in order to successfully diagnose and treat illness. Three orders of amphibian exist: the anura (frogs and toads), the caudata or urodela (newts and salamanders) and the gymnophiona (caecilians). Although the number of amphibian species kept and bred in captivity is vast, practitioners in the UK are likely to encounter some species more commonly than others.Aim of the article: This article outlines the veterinary approach to the amphibian patient, discusses some of the diagnostic and therapeutic options available and provides an overview of the most common conditions seen in these species.
Findings and outcomes of emergent endoscopies after cardiovascular surgery
Authors: Okamoto Takeshi , Yamamoto Kazuki , Takasu Ayaka , Suzuki Yuichiro , Ikeya Takashi , Okuyama Shuhei , Takagi Koichi , Fujita Nobuko , Misumi Hiroyasu , Fukuda Katsuyuki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimsStudies detailing endoscopic findings and hemostatic interventions for upper gastrointestinal bleeding after cardiovascular surgery are scarce. We conducted this study to determine the frequency and findings of emergent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) after cardiovascular surgery and the effect of bleeding requiring hemostatic intervention on clinical outcomes.Methods and ResultsWe retrospectively reviewed records of emergent EGD examinations conducted within 30 days after cardiovascular surgery at a tertiary referral center in Japan from April 2011 to March 2020. Of 1625 patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery, 47 underwent emergent EGD. Sources of bleeding were identified in 30 cases, including transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE)‐related injuries (8 patients), gastric ulcers (7 patients), and duodenal ulcers (7 patients). Patients who required endoscopic hemostatic intervention had more TEE‐related injuries (43% vs 3%, P = 0.005), gastric ulcers (35% vs 6%, P = 0.018), or ulcers in the first part of the duodenum (29% vs 0%, P = 0.006) than those who did not. Intraoperative TEE did not increase the need for endoscopic intervention (71% vs 64%, P = 0.435). Intraoperative TEE and the need for endoscopic intervention did not affect length of stay or all‐cause mortality. Only one death was associated with gastrointestinal bleeding.ConclusionDespite the potential severity of bleeding after cardiovascular surgery, most cases can be managed endoscopically with no increase in hospital stay or mortality.
Tin (IV) chloride catalyzed one‐pot synthesis, characterization, and docking studies of 4‐aminoquinoline derivatives as Myt1 inhibitors
Authors: Muddagoni Narasimha , Dasari Mahendar , Bathula Revanth , Potlapally Sarita Rajender 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn efficient and practical method for the series of 4‐aminoquinoline derivatives has been developed via Tin (lV) chloride catalyzed cascade cyclization from 2‐aminobenzonitrile and different acetophenones. These novel chemical entities were characterized by their 1HNMR, 13CNMR spectra and high‐resolution mass spectrometer (HRMS) with their docking studies were performed to identify potential inhibitors of Myt1kinase protein. The synthesized analogs 3a–3l were docked with Myt1 kinase protein. Among these 3c, 3f, and 3g were showing promising Glide score, prime‐MMGBSA and ADME properties similar to Neratinib, Pelitinib cancer inhibiting drugs of Myt1 kinase protein. The amino acid ASP251of Myt1 kinase protein was consistently binding to novel chemical entities and existing drugs, indicating that the amino acid is crucial and responsible for its inhibition. Docking studies revealed that the compounds 3c, 3f, and 3g indicates that they can act as strong inhibitors of Myt1 kinase protein as that of comparable existing drugs Neratinib, Pelitinib.
Inborn errors of metabolism and their impact in paediatric dentistry
Authors: Hirst Lorna , Chakrapani Anupam , Mubeen Suhaym 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe management of paediatric patients with inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) presents an unparalleled challenge for paediatric dentists owing to the multiplex of interrelated dental manifestations and metabolic management necessitating modifications to dental care. Inborn errors of metabolism describe a largely heterogenous group of genetic disorders namely attributable to a single gene defect essential for a specific metabolic pathway. Approximately 400 disorders have been described with an overall incidence of 1 in 5000 live births worldwide. Clinical presentation is classically inconspicuous and insidious in the neonatal period with pathophysiology attributable to accumulation of toxic by‐products which interfere with normal function, or insufficient synthesis of essential compounds. This paper aims to discuss the primary oral and maxillofacial manifestations across the scope of inborn errors of metabolism, whilst also considering how metabolic treatment has the propensity to complicate dental management.
Paradoxical pacing spikes during a wide complex tachycardia in biventricular defibrillator. What is the mechanism? Is it undersensing due to troubleshooting?
Authors: Leventopoulos Georgios , Koufou Eleni‐Evangelia , Koros Rafail , Perperis Angelos , Davlouros Periklis 
Published: March 2022

We present the case of a 68‐year‐old man with a cardiac resynchronization therapy‐defibrillator Medtronic device implanted 3 years ago, admitted to our hospital due to a wide complex tachycardia with unexpected pacing spikes inside QRS complexes. Although that could be easily attributed to ventricular undersensing, more complicated mechanisms are involved, including the origin of the tachycardia, the parameters of the device, and the position of the device and the leads.
Associations of sarcopenia with graft failure and mortality in patients undergoing living donor liver transplantation
Authors: Sim Ji‐Hoon , Kwon Hye‐Mee , Kim Kyung‐Won , Ko You‐Sun , Jun In‐Gu , Kim Sung‐Hoon , Kim Kyoung‐Sun , Moon Young‐Jin , Song Jun‐Gol , Hwang Gyu‐Sam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Recent studies have reported that sarcopenia influences morbidity and mortality in surgical patients. However, few studies have investigated the associations of sarcopenia with short‐term and long‐term graft failure in recipients after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). In this study, we investigated the associations between sarcopenia and graft failure/mortality in patients undergoing LDLT. We retrospectively examined 2816 recipients who underwent LDLT between January 2008 and January 2018. Cox regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations between sarcopenia and graft failure/mortality in recipients at 60 days, 180 days, and 1 year and overall. Sarcopenia in the recipient was significantly associated with 60‐day graft failure (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–3.61; p = 0.03), 180‐day graft failure (HR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.19–2.88; p = 0.01), 1‐year graft failure (HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.01–2.17; p = 0.05), and overall graft failure (HR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.08–1.87; p = 0.01). In addition, recipient sarcopenia was associated with 180‐day mortality (HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.17–3.01; p = 0.01), 1‐year mortality (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.01–2.29; p = 0.04), and overall mortality (HR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.08–1.90; p = 0.01). Preoperative sarcopenia was associated with high rates of graft failure and mortality in LDLT recipients. Therefore, preoperative sarcopenia may be a strong predictor of the surgical prognosis in LDLT recipients.
Hierarchical Organization of Single Crystal Polymorphs of Azobenzene Chromophore in Anisotropic Media Subjected to Local Thermal Gradients upon Cold Spraying
Authors: Sutter Thomas M. , Riley Grant V. , Quasney Kaitlin E. , Kyu Thein , Golovaty Dmitry , Wright Bryan , Youngs Wiley 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present article entails the emergence of diverse crystal polymorphs following thermal quenching into various coexistence regions of binary azobenzene chromophore (ACh)/diacrylate (DA) solution and of azobenzene/nematic liquid crystal (E7) mixture. Development of various crystal topologies encompassing rhomboidal and hexagonal shapes can be witnessed in a manner dependent on thermal quenched depths into the crystal + liquid coexistence region of ACh/DA system. Upon spraying with compressed carbon dioxide (CO2) fluid, the local temperature gradient is generated resulting in spherulitic morphology showing discrete lamellae undergoing twisting locally in some regions and branched dendrites or seaweeds in another. When ACh/E7 blend is sprayed using compressed CO2fluid, hierarchical organization of various discrete faceted single crystals including needle, rectangular, rhombus, and truncated hexagonal crystals radiating from the spherulite core can be discerned in a brighter region (off cross‐polarization) polarized optical microscopy (POM) and nematic disclination in a darker cross‐polarized region. Of particular interest is that the observed faceted single‐crystal polymorphs in ACh/E7 may be contrasted to the lamellar twisting and branching observed in the ACh/DA system and plausible mechanisms of polymer spherulitic growth are discussed.
Sympathomimetic increases resting energy expenditure following bariatric surgery: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Rebello Candida J. , Greenway Frank L. , Zhang Dachuan , Johnson William D. , Patterson Emma , Raum William 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that ephedrine + caffeine (EC) reduces the fall in resting energy expenditure (REE) following bariatric surgery.MethodsThis 32‐week, randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled trial included 142 patients who underwent Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG) surgery. Participants were randomized to either EC or placebo for 27 weeks, beginning 5 weeks post surgery. The primary end points were change in REE (measured), percentage of predicted REE ([measured REE/Harris‐Benedict equation‐predicted REE] × 100), and body composition. Secondary outcomes included change in percentage of weight. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded.ResultsThe reduction in REE was smaller in the EC versus the placebo group, but it was not significant. Percentage of predicted REE was increased in the EC versus the placebo group (difference, mean [SE]: 5.82 [2.29], p = 0.013). Percentage of weight (difference: −3.83 [1.39], p = 0.007) was reduced in the EC versus the placebo group. Percentage of predicted REE was increased and body weight decreased in the EC‐treated participants who underwent SG compared with those who underwent SG and were treated with placebo (difference in percentage of predicted REE = 8.06 [2.83], p = 0.006; difference in weight percentage = −4.37 [1.92], p = 0.025). Percentage of fat‐free mass was increased in the SG participants treated with EC versus placebo (difference: 1.31 [0.63], p = 0.042). The most common AEs were anxiety, dizziness, insomnia, and tremors. Most AEs were not different from placebo by Week 32.ConclusionsEC enhances weight loss and reduces the fall in REE following bariatric surgery. Adrenergic symptoms mostly resolve over time.
The neo‐regulation of internet platforms in the United Kingdom
Authors: Schlesinger Philip 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn 2020, a new platform‐regulatory model was initiated in the United Kingdom. The main focus of this article is on the development of the Digital Regulators Cooperation Forum (DRCF), set up to regulate the continually changing challenges posed by major platforms. The British model has drawn on UK competition regulation, collegial governance of international banking, and international ‘agile’ regulation debates. The backdrop to this ‘neo‐regulatory' development has been Brexit (the UK's withdrawal from the European Union). In late 2021, for the first time, the DRCF became a serious focus of parliamentary scrutiny, with recommendations for reform. Assessment of its effectiveness now largely awaits the enactment of statutory powers by the UK Parliament regarding first, ‘online harms’, and second, the use of pro‐competitive regulation in digital markets. Whether the DRCF's model will have exemplary appeal beyond the United Kingdom is an open question.
Protective effects of functional foods against Parkinson's disease: A narrative review on pharmacology, phytochemistry, and molecular mechanisms
Authors: Iranshahy Milad , Javadi Behjat , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn Persian Medicine (PM), PD (brain‐based tremor) is a known CNS disorder with several therapeutic and preventive options. In their medical textbooks and pharmacopeias, Persian great scientists such as Rhazes (854–925 AD), Avicenna (980–1037 AD), and Jorjani (1042–1136 AD), have discussed pharmacological and nutritional strategies for the prevention, slowing progression, and treatment of PD. In the present study, we surveyed plant‐ and animal‐based foods recommended by PM for the prevention and treatment of CNS‐related tremors. In vivo and in‐vitro pharmacological evidence supporting the beneficial effects of PM‐recommended foods in prevention and alleviating PD, major active phytochemicals along with the relevant mechanisms of action were studied. Several PM plants possess potent antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and PD preventing properties. Garlic and allicin, cabbage and isothiocyanates, chickpea seed and its O‐methylated isoflavones biochanin A and formononetin, cinnamon, and cinnamaldehyde, saffron and its crocin, crocetin, and safranal, black cumin and its thymoquinone, black pepper and piperine, pistachio and genistein and daidzein, and resveratrol are among the most effective dietary itemsagainst PD. They act through attenuating neurotoxin‐induced memory loss and behavioral impairment, oxidative stress, and dopaminergic cell death. PM‐recommended foods can help alleviate PD progression and also discovering and developing new neuroprotective anti‐PD pharmaceuticals.
Partial least squares regression models to predict contaminant concentrations during high or low flow of coal mine‐affected rivers
Authors: Jones Catherine E. , Vicente‐Beckett Victoria , Chapman James , Cozzolino Daniel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExploratory analysis of existing multivariate river water datasets can provide useful insights during river basin research and can be used to identify important environmental variables and data suitable for concentration prediction models. In this work, a large dataset pertaining to coal mining areas of the Fitzroy River Basin, Australia, was used to demonstrate principal component analysis and partial least squares regression (PLS) modelling. In this example, a strong association between variables confirmed that that sodium was a major ion responsible for electrical conductivity across this vast river basin (PC‐1). Suspected effects of dilution, evapoconcentration, and the influence of anthropogenic inputs on concentrations of nitrogen, sulfate and dissolved metals were also elucidated (PC‐2 and PC‐3). PLS models of a Comet, Nogoa, Mackenzie Rivers‐subset indicated turbidity, dissolved Fe, total Ni, Co and Mn concentrations were not as variable during high flow as during low flow. Conductivity, sulfate and sodium concentrations were negatively correlated (>|0.7|) with total suspended solids (TSS) and several total and dissolved metals during both river conditions. Dissolved Al and Fe had a strong inverse relationship with total Fe and total Co concentrations during high flow. These relationships can be investigated further during future targeted monitoring and analysis. This work provided detailed methodology for development of concentration predictions models for parameters of environmental interest. Specifically, TestSet validated PLS models for dissolved Al (± 5.6 μg/L) and TSS (± 4.6 mg/L), and random Cross Validation models for TSS concentration (± 4.0 mg/L) during low flow and (± 3.5 mg/L) during high flow were produced.
Effect of MgO Promoter on the Structure, Performance and Carbon Deposition of Ni‐Al2O3 Catalyst for CO Methanation Based‐on Slurry‐bed Reactor
Authors: Huang Xian‐Jin , Mo Wen‐Long , Zou Meng , Ma Feng‐Yun , Ren Tie‐Zhen , Zhao Jian‐Zhang , Zhao Tian‐Sheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA series of Ni/MgO‐Al2O3 catalysts with different MgO abundance were prepared by mechanochemical method for CO methanation based‐on slurry‐bed reactor. The prepared catalysts were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), H2 temperature‐programmed reduction (H2‐TPR), N2 adsorption‐desorption, thermogravimetric analysis (TG‐DTG) and temperature‐programmed hydrogenation (TPH) techniques, and CO methanation performance evaluation was carried out for the samples. Results showed that the catalyst with MgO loading of 2 wt.% (Ni/MgO(2)‐Al2O3) presented smaller Ni grain size of 9.64 nm and larger specific surface area of 329 m2 ⋅ g−1, indicating that a well dispersion of active component on the catalyst. Evaluation results showed that Ni/MgO(2)‐Al2O3 could improve the activity of catalyst for CO methanation. Carbon deposition analysis, from TG‐DTG characterization, found that MgO could significantly inhibit the formation of carbon deposition in the reaction process. The amount of carbon deposition on Ni/MgO(2)‐Al2O3 was the least, only 6.5 %, and the deposited carbon was consisted with the results obtained from TPH analysis. Kinetic analysis showed that the carbon removal reaction mainly occurred at the stage of 250–550 °C. And the activation energy from carbon removal reaction for Ni/MgO(2)‐Al2O3 was lower to 13.12 kJ/mol, demonstrating that the catalyst with MgO as additive is more beneficial to anti‐carbon ability.
Nanocomposite Starch Films: A New Approach for Biodegradable Packaging Materials
Authors: Chavan Prafull , Sinhmar Archana , Sharma Somesh , Dufresne Alain , Thory Rahul , Kaur Maninder , Sandhu Kawaljit Singh , Nehra Manju , Nain Vikash 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe growing interest in nano‐starch materials offers the opportunity to develop biomaterials for distinctive use in food, medicine, cosmetics, and other fields. The conceptual framework about the various changes in the properties of starch‐based films after incorporation of nano starch particles are reported. Starch‐based packaging films have not been widely used in the packaging industry, mainly because of their poor mechanical, barrier, and processing properties. To overcome such drawbacks, starch films are often made by integrating other filler materials such as nanoparticles into the starch matrix. The inclusion of starch nanoparticles in composite films leads to an overall change in the physicochemical, functional, and mechanical properties of the films. The nanocomposite films show novel features such as low solubility, reduced water vapor transmission rate, nontoxicity, and biodegradability thus making it a promising material for food and nonfood applications.
Suspected pulmonary oedema development in a pig following general anaesthesia and the associated complications encountered during a subsequent general anaesthetic
Authors: Walters Kate , Brearley Jacqueline , Baptista Andre , Po Eleonora 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn 85 kg, 6‐year‐old pig presenting with stranguria was anaesthetised for computed tomography and cystotomy. During this anaesthetic, bradyarrhythmias occurred twice, both responding to medical intervention. A cystotomy tube was placed but the removal of one urethrolith was not possible. Recovery from anaesthesia was uneventful. During hospitalisation, the animal's respiratory rate and effort increased, with crackles on thoracic auscultation. As this responded to antibiotics and a reduction in intravenous fluid therapy, the pig underwent a second anaesthetic for a percutaneous cystolithotomy to remove the urethrolith. On induction of anaesthesia, clear fluid was visible in the oropharynx. This was removed by suction but after intubation large volumes flowed from the respiratory tract via the endotracheal tube. The pig's condition was stabilised during the anaesthetic with intravenous furosemide and intermittent positive‐pressure ventilation. Surgery was completed and the animal recovered from anaesthesia. Postoperatively the pig developed severe dyspnoea and cardiopulmonary arrest.
One dimensional gapped quantum phases and enriched fusion categories
Authors: Kong Liang , Wen Xiao-Gang , Zheng Hao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this work, we use Ising chain and Kitaev chain to check the validity of an earlier proposal in arXiv:2011.02859 that enriched fusion (higher) categories provide a unified categorical description of all gapped/gapless quantum liquid phases, including symmetry-breaking phases, topological orders, SPT/SET orders and CFT-type gapless quantum phases. In particular, we show explicitly that, in each gapped phase realized by these two models, the spacetime observables form a fusion category enriched in a braided fusion category such that its monoidal center is trivial. We also study the categorical descriptions of the boundaries of these models. In the end, we obtain a classification of and the categorical descriptions of all 1-dimensional (spatial dimension) gapped quantum phases with a bosonic/fermionic finite onsite symmetry.