bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Association of Global Deoxyribonucleic Acid Methylation in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Ray Rudra Prasanna , Padhi Maya , Jena Satyajit , Patnaik Ranjita , Rattan Roma , Nayak Ajit Kumar 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine disorder affecting 5%–10% of reproductive age women worldwide, associated with various metabolic morbidities. One potential molecular mechanism could be epigenetic modifications, such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation.

Aims:
The aim is to determine the association of global DNA methylation in peripheral blood leucocyte (PBL) cells and PCOS women. Also to assess abnormal lipid profile, insulin resistance, gonadotropins and reproductive markers in them.

Settings and Design:
The study design involves a hospital-based prospective case–control study.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty women with PCOS, diagnosed as per Rotterdam criteria and the rest 50 without PCOS or any disease, attending outpatient department were recruited. Serum biochemical markers and Global DNA methylation assay were done by using standardised kit.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data were compared using Independent t-test or Mann–Whitney U test using IBM SPSS version 26.0. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Majority, 72% of PCOS and 82% non-PCOS women were between 20 and 25 years. Most common presenting symptom was menstrual irregularity. Women with PCOS have high serum cholesterol and triglyceride level, elevated serum luteinising hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), LH/FSH ratio and testosterone but low estradiol levels as compared to non-PCOS. Statistically significant high mean Global DNA methylation percentage was found in PBLs of women with PCOS.

Conclusion:
Despite study limitations, this study provided insight into Global DNA methylation in PBLs was associated with PCOS. It requires further research to better understand the influence of epigenetic factors including genome-wide DNA methylation profiling in PCOS development.
Comparing Progesterone Primed Ovarian Stimulation (PPOS) to GnRH Antagonist Protocol in Oocyte Donation Cycles
Authors: Khurana Rupali Khaparde , Rao Vyshnavi , Nayak Chaitra , Pranesh Gautham T , Rao Kamini A. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Progesterone-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) protocol is based on the principle of preventing pre-mature luteinising hormone surge during ovarian stimulation using progesterone.

Aims:
In this study, we aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of PPOS over GnRH antagonist cycles in oocyte donor cycles where freeze all is a norm.

Settings and Design:
It is a prospective cohort study with 130 participants.

Materials and Methods:
We included all women undergoing oocyte donation using PPOS protocol and antagonist protocol at our centre. Fifty-seven belonged to the PPOS group and were given medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and 73 belonged to the GnRH antagonist group who received cetrorelix. The primary outcome was the number of mature oocyte retrieved at OPU and the cost involved per stimulation cycle.

Statistical Analysis Used:
For normally distributed observations, we used t-test, and for the variables of non-normal distribution, Mann–Whitney U-test was used. The significance was accepted for P < 0.05.

Results:
The baseline clinical characteristics of the donors were comparable with a mean age of 25.42 ± 2.90 years, body mass index of 24.00 ± 4.00 kg/m2 and antral follicle count of 18.63 ± 5.23. The duration of stimulation was similar in both the groups as well as the total gonadotropin dose required was not significantly different. The number of mature oocytes retrieved was same in both the groups (10.41 ± 4.04 with antagonist and 10.25 ± 3.23 with PPOS, P = 0.964). There were no reported cases of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in any of the groups. The incidence of mild-to-moderate OHSS in the antagonist group was 5.4% and in the PPOS group was 3.6%, and the difference was not significant (P = 0.69). The cost per mature oocyte (M2) was significantly higher in the antagonist protocol in comparison to the PPOS protocol (INR 9485.69 ± 5751.11 vs. Rs. 5945.86 ± 2848.59, respectively, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Our study identifies PPOS protocol using MPA to be more cost-effective and patient-friendly than conventional GnRH antagonist protocol in oocyte donor cycles.
An Investigation of Steroid Biosynthesis Pathway Genes in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Sharma Priyal , Jain Manish , Halder Ashutosh 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy whose heterogeneous genetic basis results in a variable clinical presentation. One of the main clinical features of PCOS is hyperandrogenism which occurs due to dysregulation of ovarian and adrenal steroidogenesis.

Aims:
This study aimed to investigate potentially pathogenic variants in steroidogenic genes associated with PCOS.

Settings and Design:
This was a hospital-based observational study.

Materials and Methods:
We recruited 51 women who presented with PCOS. Fasting blood samples were drawn from the participants and their whole-exome sequencing analysis was carried out to look for pathogenic variants involved in steroidogenic pathways. The variants were predicted for their probable deleterious effects on proteins through in silico prediction tools. We evaluated the variants with respect to the hormonal characteristics and clinical outcomes of the patients.

Statistical Analysis Used:
All variables were analysed using GraphPad Prism 8. Kruskal–Wallis t-test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare clinical parameters and frequency differences among PCOS patients with and without variants.

Results:
The data presented here reveal eight heterozygous exonic variants, namely CYP21A2 (p.Ala392Thr, p.Gln319Ter and p.I143N), steroidogenic acute regulatory (p.Arg53 Leu), AKR1C3 (p.Phe205Val), P450 oxidoreductase (p.Val334Ile and p.Val251Met) and HSD17B6 (p.Gly40Ser), of which three were pathogenic, and four variants of uncertain significance in 8 out of 51 patients (15.68%). The identified variants were predicted to cause protein destabilisation, thus likely contributing to the pathogenesis of PCOS. Some of the variants showed significant differences between PCOS patients and population database (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The results of this study add to the mutational spectrum of steroidogenic genes and their association with PCOS.
Scientific aspects of Janapadodhwansa Vyadhi (epidemic disorders) according to Ayurveda in the context to Jwara—an epidemiological and Trisutra-based approach
Authors: Joglekar Aishwarya A. , Vyas Mahesh K. , Bhojani Meera K. 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Ayurveda was oriented with the management of various epidemic-like situations. Acharya Charaka has explained the concept of Janapadodhwansa (~the destruction of human community at a large scale) in Vimanasthana of the treatise Charaka Samhita. The concept of Janapadodhwansa is a mirror of the disease origin, spread, and control in the population.

Aim:
The aim was to critically analyze the concepts of Janapadodhwansa and epidemiology in the purview of Ayurveda and contemporary research.

Materials and Methods:
The concepts of epidemiology were critically analyzed in the purview of the concept of Janapadodhwansa in Ayurveda. The robust search of literature from research databases, published literature, and contemporary sciences was done to incorporate the related aspects.

Observations:
The major Hetu (~etiological factors) in the manifestation of Janapododhwansa can be correlated with the environmental, host, and agent components of the epidemiological triad. The four Hetu namely Vayu (~ air), Jala (~water), Desha (~environmental pollution), and Kaala (~seasonal impact) focus largely on the environment aspect of epidemiological triad, which includes host, agent, and environment, whereas the Adharma (behavioral factors) deals with the host and agent aspects. The management of epidemics explained in Ayurveda covers all the aspects of physical, mental, social, and spiritual health facilitating the promotion and preservation of health during such conditions. Jwara (~fever) is described as a condition representing the primary presentation of Janapadodhwansa, whereas other modalities such as Rasayana Sevana, Sadvritta are also rightfully discussed.

Conclusions:
The aspects of origin and spread of diseases like Jwara (~fever) as mentioned under the umbrella of Janapadodhwansa are similar and applicable to concepts of epidemiological triad and epidemiology in general.
Evaluation of Standard Dosing for Selected Broad-Spectrum Hydrophilic Antibiotics in Critically Ill Patients with Augmented Renal Clearance
Authors: Almutairi Majed , Sulaiman Khalid Al , Enazi Sultan Al , Vishwakarma Ramesh , Aljuhani Ohoud 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Inappropriate antibiotic dosing in critically ill patients with augmented renal clearance (ARC) may be associated with pathogens' resistance and worse outcomes. Unfortunately, studies regarding the relationship between ARC and clinical outcomes in patients treated with antibiotics are scarce. This study aims to evaluate selected broad-spectrum hydrophilic antibiotics' effectiveness and clinical outcomes in ARC critically ill patients with confirmed infections.

Methods:
A retrospective a retrospective cohort study in adult critically ill patients who were admitted to intensive care units at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, and received standard dosing of selected broad-spectrum hydrophilic antibiotics (meropenem, imipenem, or piperacillin/tazobactam) with confirmed infection. All the patients who met our eligibility criteria during the study period (January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019) were included. According to the calculated creatinine clearance using the Cockcroft-Gault equation, eligible patients had been classified into two groups: ARC versus non-ARC. The primary outcome was to assess pathogen eradication at 10–14 days; other outcomes were considered secondary. Multivariate logistic and generalized linear regression analyses were used. We considered P < 0.05 statistically significant.

Results:
A total of 133 patients were included in the study; 66 patients had ARC. The distribution of infections and types of pathogens between the groups were similar. The pathogen eradication at 10–14 days was similar between the two groups (odds ratio [OR] 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41–2.78; P = 0.88). Moreover, the odds of resistance development and persistence after three days were not significantly different between the two groups ([OR 0.78; 95% CI, 0.25–2.40; P = 0.66] and [OR 0.88; 95% CI, 0.35–2.18; P = 0.78], respectively).

Conclusion:
In terms of pathogen eradication, resistance, and persistence, ARC patients and non-ARC patients responded similarly to conventional doses of hydrophilic broad-spectrum antibiotics. To confirm our findings, further randomized controlled clinical trials are needed.
The Prevalence, Duration, and Outcome of Anosmia in COVID-19 Subjects Admitted to Two Tertiary Care Hospitals in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Sheffah Firas R. , Marglani Osama A. , Alherabi Ameen Z. , Heaphy John C. , Al-Tammas Anas H. , Al-Khatib Talal A. , Marghalani Yasir Osama , Ghazzawi Raghad A. , Tashkandi Abdullah Y. , Khayyat Samiha F. , Albeladi Majid A. 
Published: September 2022

Objectives:
The objective is to investigate anosmia in patients with COVID-19 in tertiary care hospitals in two major cities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to determine its prevalence, clinical characteristics, duration, and outcome.

Methods:
A retrospective study on COVID-19 patients who are admitted to our tertiary care hospital between May and December 2020. The inclusion criteria were all patients who are admitted to our tertiary care hospital with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 in this study, we enrolled 545 patients for this study.

Results:
Of the 545 contacted subjects, 277 (50.82%) answered, whereas 268 were excluded, 26 (4.8%) of which passed away. One hundred and nineteen (42.96%) subjects were female whereas 158 (57.04%) were male. The mean age was 42.81 ± 16.76 standard deviation. About 162 (58.47%) of the 277 who completed the interview had anosmia; moreover, anosmia was grouped into transient and persistent anosmia. It was persistent in 15 subjects (5.4%) and transient in 147 subjects (94.6%); the range duration of transient anosmia was 1–180 days with a median of 10 (6, 20) days (median and interquartile range). Of the 277 subjects, 148 (53.4%) had ageusia; 15 subjects (5.4%) experienced anosmia as the only symptom, and 12 subjects (4.33%) developed ageusia as the only symptom. Of all the symptomatic subjects with anosmia 162 (58.5%), and 76 (41.36%) subjects reported a subjective impact on quality of life.

Conclusion:
More than half of the COVID-19 patients in the study presented with anosmia that was transient in the majority of cases.
The city of the future “Peshegrad” by Leo Epple: perception and evaluation of contemporaries
Authors: Алексеев Е.П. 
Published: September 2022

В статье анализируется общественная реакция на архитектурный проект «Пешеград» Л.А. Эппле на основе документов из частных архивов и публикаций в советской прессе. Яркая идея самодеятельного зодчего вызвала интерес у многих представителей отечественной культуры. В 1970-х годах о «Пешеграде» писали Б.С. Рябинин и Б.А. Дижур, проект поддержали художники Д.А. Шмаринов и В.Ф. Дьяченко, профессиональные архитекторы И.М. Смоляр, Г.И. Дубровин, О.Л. Вольхин. Кинорежиссер Б.Д. Галантер рассказал об идее Эппле в фильме «Там, где твой дом» (1971), а в киноповести С.А. Герасимова «Любить человека» (1972), героями которой стали архитекторы того времени, титры идут на фоне проекта города будущего. Пешеград — детище своего времени, в нем ясно отражается культура начала шестидесятых с их «оттепельной» свободой и иллюзиями. Большинство современников воспринимали идеи Эппле не столько как рациональную градостроительную концепцию, сколько как протест против серости и бюрократии, культурной ограниченности и бездуховности.
The article analyses the public reaction to the architectural project “Peshegrad” by L.A. Epple. The study is based on documents from private archives and publications in the Soviet press. The bright idea of an amateur architect aroused the interest of many representatives of Russian culture. In the 1970s, B.S. Ryabinin and B.A. Dizhur wrote about the “Peshegrad”. The project was supported by artists D.A. Shmarinov and V.F. Dyachenko, professional architects I.M. Smolyar, G.I. Dubrovin, O.L. Volkhin. Film director B.D. Galanter told about the idea of L.A. Epple in the film “Where your Home is” (1971). Also in the film story of S.A. Gerasimov “To Love a Man” (1972), whose heroes are the architects of that time, the credits go against the background of the project of the city of the future. Pesegrad was the brainchild of its time. It clearly reflects the culture of the early sixties with their “thaw” freedom and illusions. Most contemporaries perceived Epple's ideas not so much as a national urban planning concept, but as a protest against dullness and bureaucracy, cultural limitations and lack of spirituality.
Painting of the Republics of Central Asia in search of renewal of the artistic language (1960s)
Authors: Ахмедова Н.Р. 
Published: September 2022

В статье исследуется процесс трансформации живописи республик Центральной Азии в контексте историко-социальных изменений 1960-х годов. Научная новизна определяется актуализацией вопроса о роли творчества мастеров узбекистанского авангарда 1920–1930-х годов в формировании национальных школ региона. Данный вопрос рассмотрен в связи с проблемой этнокультурной идентичности, которая выдвигалась на первый план как в годы формирования живописи в 1920-е годы, так и в 1960-е. Влияние регионального феномена авангарда на поиски художников 1960-х годов еще не было изучено в силу идеологических конвенций. В последние годы наметились новые векторы исследования данного вопроса, которые ориентируют внимание исследователей в том числе на искусство так называемой периферии. В статье учтены новые методологические разработки в отношении Центрально-Азиатского региона, основанные на постколониальном подходе осмысления развития Центральной Азии XX века. Обосновано, что изучение Центрально-Азиатского региона в период советской модернизации необходимо проводить на основе междисциплинарного синтеза и различных современных научных позиций; региональные художественные процессы необходимо рассматривать с учетом специфики историко-культурного контекста, который понимается как совокупность социально-исторических, духовно-эстетических и художественных факторов.
The article examines the process of transformation of painting in the Central Asian republics in the context of historical and social changes in the 1960s. Scientific novelty is determined by the actualization of the question of the role of the Uzbek avant-garde masters of the 1920s – 1930s in the formation of regional national schools. This issue is considered in connection with the problem of ethnocultural identity, which came to the fore both during the years of the formation of painting in the 1920s and in the 1960s. The influence of the regional phenomenon of the avant-garde on the search for artists in the 1960s has not yet been studied due to ideological conventions. In recent years, new vectors of research on this issue have been outlined, which focus the attention of researchers, including on the art of the so-called “periphery”. The article takes into account new methodological developments in relation to the Central Asian region, based on the post-colonial approach to understanding the development of Central Asia in the 20th century. It is substantiated that the study of the Central Asian region during the period of Soviet modernization should be carried out on the basis of an interdisciplinary synthesis and various modern scientific positions; regional artistic processes must be considered taking into account the specifics of the historical and cultural context, which is understood as a combination of socio-historical, spiritual, aesthetic and artistic factors.
A special viewpoint: “unofficial” art of the 1960s – 1980s from the collection of the Belgorod State Art Museum
Authors: Гончаренко Н.М. 
Published: September 2022

В собрании Белгородского художественного музея хранится не так много произведений представителей неофициального искусства (среди таких исключений — работы Анатолия Зверева и Олега Кудряшова). Однако музей располагает рядом произведений, не вписывающихся в магистральное развитие советского искусства второй половины XX века. Существенная часть этих работ была представлена на выставке «О Родине, о жизни, о себе: искусство СССР от “оттепели” до “перестройки”», особенностью которой стало введение творчества региональных художников в общий контекст развития искусства СССР во второй половине ХХ века. Среди авторов — братья Смолины, Игорь Обросов, Татьяна Назаренко, Виталий Тюленев, Борис Тальберг, Егор Струлёв, Лев Саксонов, белгородские авторы Валерий Осышный и Юрий Вишневский, орловский художник Гиви Калмахелидзе, курский график Владимир Кизилов. Скульптура была представлена именами Александра Цигаля, Лазаря Гадаева, Дмитрия Тугаринова, Михаила Дронова. Статья посвящена исследованию советского искусства 1960–1980-х годов из фондов музея, включая новые поступления — произведения, переданные из ликвидированной в 2017 году Международной конфедерации Союзов художников.
The collection of the Belgorod State Art Museum contains not many works of representatives of unofficial art (among such exceptions are the artworks of Anatoly Zverev and Oleg Kudryashov). But the museum also has a number of works that do not fit into the mainstream development of Soviet art in the second half of the 20th century. A significant part of these works was presented at the exhibition “About the Motherland, about life, about yourself: the art of the USSR from the ‘thaw’ to ‘perestroika’”. A feature of the exposition was the introduction of the work of regional artists into the general context of the development of art in the USSR in the second half of the 20th century. Among the authors are the Smolin brothers, Igor Obrosov, Tatiana Nazarenko, Vitaly Tyulenev, Boris Talberg, Egor Strulev, Lev Saxonov. Belgorod authors were presented by Valery Osyshny and Yuri Vishnevsky; Oryol — by artist Givi Kalmakhelidze; Kursk — by graphic artist Vladimir Kizilov. The sculpture is represented by the artworks of Alexander Tsigal, Lazar Gadaev, Dmitry Tugarinov, Mikhail Dronov. The article is devoted to the study of Soviet art of the 1960s – 1980s from the funds of the Belgorod State Art Museum, including new arrivals — from the International Confederation of Artists' Unions, which was liquidated in 2017.
The path to abstraction through the mode of design thinking: artistic experiments by Veniamin Stepanov
Authors: Копосова Л.В. 
Published: September 2022

В статье затрагивается тема одного из вариантов формирования модернистских абстрактных и тяготеющих к абстракции форм творчества. Рассматривая подходы и характер деятельности одного из наиболее интересных художников Свердловска/Екатеринбурга Вениамина Степанова, автор проводит параллели эстетических предпочтений, характера его художественного видения в области дизайна, монументально-декоративного искусства, графики и станковой скульптуры. Сформировавшийся в период трансформации подходов в художественном творчестве, проникновения в страну общемировых тенденций в области искусства художник оказался, в том числе в силу своего характера, на передовой возрождающейся системы дизайнерского образования и творчества. Уникальное сочетание дизайнерского, структурного мышления, силы восприятия, свойственной художникам монументалистам, великолепного чувства материала и внутренней свободы позволило Вениамину Степанову на всём протяжении творческого пути находиться в сфере нового, востребованного и до сих пор актуального искусства. Рассмотрение на равных различных сфер художественной деятельности — скульптуры, графики и дизайна, который часто вообще выводят за пределы художественного поля, — позволяет определять их как единую составляющую, сформировавшую оригинального и разностороннего художника.
The article touches upon the subject of one of the options for the formation of modernist abstract and gravitating towards abstraction forms of creativity. Considering the approaches and nature of the activities of one of the most interesting artists of Sverdlovsk/Yekaterinburg, Veniamin Stepanov, the author draws parallels between aesthetic preferences, the nature of his artistic vision in the field of design, monumental and decorative art, graphics and easel sculpture. Formed during the period of transformation of approaches in artistic creativity, the penetration of global trends in the field of art into the country, the artist found himself, among other things, by virtue of his character, at the forefront of the resurgent system of design education and creativity. A unique combination of design, structural thinking, the power of perception inherent in monumental artists, a great sense of material and inner freedom allowed Veniamin Stepanov to be in the field of new, sought-after, and still relevant art throughout his creative path. Consideration on equal terms of various spheres of artistic activity - design, which is often generally taken out of the artistic field, sculpture, graphics, allows us to define them as a single component that formed an original and versatile artist.