bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The challenge of institutionalised complicity: Researching the pharmaceutical industry in the era of impact and engagement
Authors: Martin Paul A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe pharmaceutical industry plays a central role in the production of the drugs we use to treat most illnesses. It is immensely powerful and has received sustained attention from sociologists of health and illness, who have provided a critique of its influence and sometimes unethical behaviour. However, in recent years, funders are increasingly expecting researchers to engage and collaborate with stakeholders, including industry. This raises important questions about the institutionalisation of complicity and the different forms this might take. This article asks: How can sociologists engage with the pharmaceutical industry in a positive and constructive manner, whilst remaining independent, principled and critical? It will draw on my experience of establishing a major project on high‐priced drugs for rare diseases and the literature on collaboration, stakeholder engagement and responsible research to propose a methodological framework to address this challenge. This is based on six PRIMES: (normative) Principles, Reflection and Independence, (field) Mapping, (careful) Engagement and Strategic intervention that have broad applications to many other areas of contemporary social science research.
Lepidic growth component as a favorable prognostic factor in non–small cell lung cancer of ≤3 cm
Authors: Sato Daisuke , Matsubara Hirochika , Matsuoka Hiroyasu , Kondo Tetsuo , Sasanuma Harunobu , Sugimura Aya , Onuki Yuichiro , Uchida Tsuyoshi , Nakajima Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundMany non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors present complex histology with various components. The effects of the lepidic growth component (LGC) on the prognosis of NSCLC have not been investigated. Here, we investigated whether an LGC is a relevant prognostic factor for NSCLC.MethodsThis study retrospectively investigated the clinicopathologic characteristics of 379 patients with NSCLC ≤3 cm who underwent complete surgical resection between 2004 and 2016 at the University of Yamanashi Hospital. The histologic subtypes were classified into NSCLC with or without an LGC. We evaluated the effect of an LGC on the clinicopathologic features and 5‐year overall survival of patients with NSCLC.ResultsOn final pathology, 214 (56%) of 379 patients had an LGC, and 165 (44%) did not. Sex, smoking history, ground‐glass opacity component, pathologic invasive size, lymph node metastasis, pleural invasion, vessel invasion, pathologic stage, and histologic type were significantly different between the groups. Multivariate analysis of 5‐year overall survival, identified age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.035–1.105; p < 0.001), pathologic invasive size (HR, 1.548; 95% CI, 1.088–2.202; p = 0.015) and LGC (HR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.099–4.051; p = 0.025) as independent prognostic factors. When the pathologic invasive size was matched, the 5‐year overall survival of the LGC and non‐LGC groups was 93% and 77%, respectively (p = 0.006).ConclusionsLGC is a significantly favorable prognostic factor for NSCLC with a pathologic invasive size of ≤3 cm.
Physiological reactivity to fear moderates the relation between parenting distress with conduct and prosocial behaviors
Authors: Fanti Kostas A. , Konikkou Katerina , Georgiou Giorgos , Petridou Maria , Demetriou Chara , Soursou Georgia , Kyranides Melina Nicole 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study investigated whether the associations between parental distress with conduct problems (CPs) and prosocial behaviors (PBs) are moderated by children's skin conductance (SC) and heart rate (HR) reactivity to fear. Participants were 147 Greek‐Cypriot children (Mage = 7.30, 44.2% girls), selected from a larger screening sample (data were collected from 2015 to 2018). Longitudinal associations suggested that children with high HR reactivity to fear were more likely to display PB, whereas those with low SC reactivity were more likely to engage in CP behaviors. In contrast, interaction effects suggested that children high on SC reactivity to fear were more susceptible to the effects of parental distress, as indicated by their higher vulnerability to engage in CP (cross‐sectionally) behaviors and their lower scores on PB (cross‐sectionally and longitudinally).
Fluoride hesitancy: A mixed methods study on decision‐making about forms of fluoride
Authors: Ko Alice , Chi Donald L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate whether professionally applied topical fluoride‐hesitant caregivers are also hesitant about other forms of fluoride for their child.MethodsThis was a mixed methods study of 56 caregivers hesitant about professionally applied topical fluoride for their child recruited from the University of Washington Center for Paediatric Dentistry and Seattle Children's Hospital's Odessa Brown Children's Dental Clinic. A 32‐item semi‐structured interview script was piloted and finalized. One‐time interviews with caregivers were conducted by phone in 2019. Associations between hesitancy of topical fluoride, fluoridated water and toothpaste were assessed quantitatively via two‐tailed chi‐squared tests. Qualitative data were coded using an inductive approach and content analytic methods to investigate reasons for hesitancy.ResultsThere were significant associations between hesitancy in all three pairwise comparisons of fluoride form (p < .01). Similar proportions of caregivers strongly or somewhat opposed fluoridated water compared with toothpaste (75% and 65%, respectively), but four times as many caregivers strongly or somewhat favoured fluoridated toothpaste compared to water for their child (25% and 7%, respectively). Concerns about harm were the most common reason caregivers opposed both fluoridated water and toothpaste. However, fluoride‐hesitant caregivers reported being more comfortable with fluoridated toothpaste because amount and frequency can be controlled, and ingestion can be prevented.ConclusionsProfessionally applied topical fluoride hesitancy is significantly associated with fluoridated water and toothpaste hesitancy, but caregivers who were hesitant about topical fluoride was more comfortable with fluoridated toothpaste than fluoridated water for their child.
The associations of APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 genes with Alzheimer's disease: A large case–control study in Chinese population
Authors: Xiao Xuewen , Liu Hui , Zhou Lu , Liu Xixi , Xu Tianyan , Zhu Yuan , Yang Qijie , Hao Xiaoli , Liu Yingzi , Zhang Weiwei , Zhou Yafang , Wang Junling , Li Jinchen , Jiao Bin , Shen Lu , Liao Xinxin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimThe associations of non‐pathogenic variants of APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 with Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain unclear. This study is aimed at determining the role of these variants in AD.MethodsOur study recruited 1154 AD patients and 2403 controls. APP, PSEN1, PSEN2, and APOE were sequenced using a targeted panel. Variants were classified into common or rare variants with the minor allele frequencies (MAF) cutoff of 0.01. Common variant (MAF≥0.01)‐based association test was performed by PLINK 1.9, and gene‐based (MAF <0.01) association analysis was conducted using Sequence Kernel Association Test‐Optimal (SKAT‐O test). Additionally, using PLINK 1.9, we performed AD endophenotypes association studies.ResultsA common variant, PSEN2 rs11405, was suggestively associated with AD risk (p = 1.08 × 10−2). The gene‐based association analysis revealed that the APP gene exhibited a significant association with AD (p = 1.43 × 10−2). In the AD endophenotypes association studies, APP rs459543 was nominally correlated with CSF Aβ42 level (p = 7.91 × 10−3).ConclusionOur study indicated that non‐pathogenic variants in PSEN2 and APP may be involved in AD pathogenesis in the Chinese population.
Prediction of the photofading of 1‐H or 1‐ethyl derivatives of 3‐cyano‐6‐hydroxy‐4‐methyl‐5‐(p‐X‐phenylazo)‐2‐pyridone dyes and their azo‐hydrazone tautomerism: A theoretical study
Authors: Wojciechowski Krzysztof , Szuster Lucjan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe lightfastness calculations for photofading of monoazo pyridone dyes were performed. For this purpose, all‐valence molecular orbital method PM3 was applied. Frontier electron density distribution on the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) was examined. The obtained parameters seem to reflect the tendency for an electrophilic attack with a singlet oxygen (1O2) atom or a nucleophilic attack with superoxide anion (O2●─) on a particular atom in a molecule. Reactivity indicators for superdelocalisability () and electron density distribution in ground and excited state were calculated. Superdelocalisabilities enable the fastness values to be explained in different chemical molecules depending on tautomeric forms in which they may occur.
Remodelling of myelinated axons and oligodendrocyte differentiation is stimulated by environmental enrichment in the young adult brain
Authors: Nicholson Madeline , Wood Rhiannon J. , Gonsalvez David G. , Hannan Anthony J. , Fletcher Jessica L. , Xiao Junhua , Murray Simon S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOligodendrocyte production and myelination continues lifelong in the central nervous system (CNS), and all stages of this process can be adaptively regulated by neuronal activity. While artificial exogenous stimulation of neuronal circuits greatly enhances oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) production and increases myelination during development, the extent to which physiological stimuli replicates this is unclear, particularly in the adult CNS when the rate of new myelin addition slows. Here, we used environmental enrichment (EE) to physiologically stimulate neuronal activity for 6 weeks in 9‐week‐old C57BL/six male and female mice and found no increase in compact myelin in the corpus callosum or somatosensory cortex. Instead, we observed a global increase in callosal axon diameter with thicker myelin sheaths, elongated paranodes and shortened nodes of Ranvier. These findings indicate that EE induced the dynamic structural remodelling of myelinated axons. Additionally, we observed a global increase in the differentiation of OPCs and pre‐myelinating oligodendroglia in the corpus callosum and somatosensory cortex. Our findings of structural remodelling of myelinated axons in response to physiological neural stimuli during young adulthood provide important insights in understanding experience‐dependent myelin plasticity throughout the lifespan and provide a platform to investigate axon–myelin interactions in a physiologically relevant context.
A comparative study on fatigue indicator parameters for near‐α titanium alloys
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Xiang , Oskay Caglar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNucleation of in‐service cracks leads to detrimental consequences for structural components of near‐α titanium alloys subjected to fatigue loads. Experimental observations show that the fatigue initiation facets usually form in certain crystallographic orientation ranges of “hard” primary α grains which differ between pure and dwell fatigue loads. In this manuscript, a comparative study has been performed using several fatigue indicator parameters (FIPs) to assess their ability to predict the location of fatigue crack nucleation in near‐α titanium alloy microstructures. All selected FIPs are implemented within the same polycrystalline plasticity finite element modeling framework to facilitate one‐to‐one comparisons. Comparison on predictability of critical initiation locations and their crystallographic orientations is studied for incorporated FIPs under pure and dwell fatigue. The critical locations predicted by some FIPs were found to be close to each other, and consistent with the crystallographic orientation ranges from fractography measurements, in addition to the range transition from pure to dwell fatigue loads. Critical locations from slip driven FIPs are obtained to be several grains away from that of the former ones and are inclined to capture orientations of slip traces from experiments.
Agroecosystem model simulations reveal spatial variability in relative productivity in biomass sorghum and maize in Iowa, USA
Authors: Bendorf Josh , Heaton Emily , Hartman Theodore , Aslan‐Sungur Guler (Rojda) , VanLoocke Andy 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBiomass sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is an annual C4 grass that has emerged as a candidate bioenergy crop but has not been widely grown in the United States. Corn (Zea mays L.), another annual C4 grass, has been produced on a large scale in the United States for biofuels. Iowa leads the nation in both corn and ethanol production. The high productivity of corn in Iowa creates the research question: could biomass sorghum be as or more productive than corn in the state in terms of bioenergy? Efforts to use crop models to fill the gaps left by field experimentation on biomass sorghum have also been limited thus far. To address our research question, we collected biophysical data on biomass sorghum grown in Iowa for two growing seasons, used them to develop a biomass sorghum module in an agroecosystem model (Agro‐IBIS), and predict the potential performance of biomass sorghum across Iowa compared to maize. Despite dry conditions in 2019 and 2020, average biomass sorghum yields were 17.20 Mg ha−1. By comparison, average corn aboveground biomass was higher in 2020 (22.02 Mg ha−1). Soil cores indicated average belowground biomass of 1.46 Mg ha−1, with roots concentrated near the surface (73% of biomass above 50 cm in a 1 m core). When biomass sorghum model parameters were calibrated with measured values, model output was in close agreement with measured biomass (slope = 0.932, R2 = 0.91) and evapotranspiration (slope = 0.757, R2 = 0.64). Subsequent regional simulations revealed a notable latitudinal gradient in biomass sorghum yield, with a strong linear relationship between yield and seasonal growing degree‐days (R2 = 0.89). When these yields were compared to simulated corn aboveground biomass yields, only 3.4% of the state had biomass sorghum yields that were significantly higher than corn. This number was reduced to 0.3% when comparing the crops in terms of energy ethanol yield. Thus, we conclude biomass sorghum must be improved to be competitive with corn as an annual biofuel crop in Iowa. This study provides a baseline against which to compare advancements in sorghum breeding for biomass and stress tolerance in Iowa.
Depicting environmental gradients from Malaise trap samples: Is ethanol‐basedDNAmetabarcoding enough?
Authors: Chimeno Caroline , Hübner Jeremy , Seifert Linda , Morinière Jérôme , Bozicevic Vedran , Hausmann Axel , Schmidt Stefan , Müller Jörg 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDNA metabarcoding is revolutionising biodiversity research, as it offers researchers a holistic taxonomic approach across lineages. Many studies are dedicated to testing its application and optimising workflows. One topic of discussion is the nature of samples used for sequencing and comparing taxonomic results.However, in ecological and environmental studies, where scientists always work with subsets of species, it may be less important whether different methods provide different subsets but more important if ecological and environmental information is conserved equally.Numerous studies have successfully applied destructive and non‐destructive metabarcoding approaches to evaluate patterns in biodiversity and in this respect, we aim to determine for the very first time whether environmental information is also conserved in the preservative ethanol of terrestrial arthropod bulk samples.To test this, we applied DNA metabarcoding on tissue DNA and on ethanol‐based DNA of the same Malaise trap samples. The arthropod material was collected with eight traps located in three different habitats: forest, meadow, and riparian.We identified more than 3000 operational taxonomic units and demonstrate that ethanol‐based DNA sequencing did not provide information on ecological gradients, except for the case of seasonal patterns, which was well conserved for some taxa.The conserved seasonality is an interesting starting point for further investigations. Until future research has provided more successful results, we recommend researchers dealing with terrestrial ecosystems to be careful when using ethanol DNA.
3D mapping of phrenic nerve course for radiofrequency pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Bohnen Marius , Weber Reinhold , Minners Jan , Eichenlaub Martin , Jadidi Amir , Müller‐Edenborn Björn , Neumann Franz‐Josef , Arentz Thomas , Lehrmann Heiko 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionPhrenic nerve (PN) injury is a rare but severe complication of radiofrequency (RF) pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). The objective of this study was to characterize the typical intracardiac course of the PN with a three‐dimensional electroanatomic mapping system, to quantify the need for modification of the ablation trajectory to avoid delivering an ablation lesion on sites with PN capture, and to identify very circumscribed areas of common PNC on the routine ablation trajectory of a RF‐PVI, allowing fast and effective PN screening for everyday usage.MethodsWe enrolled 137 consecutive patients (63 ± 9 years, 64% men) undergoing PVI. A detailed high output (20 mA) pace‐mapping protocol was performed in the right (RA) and left atrium (LA) and adjacent vasculature.ResultsThe right PN was most commonly captured in the superior vena cava at a lateral (50%) or posterolateral (23%) position before descending along the RA either straight (29%) or with a posterolateral bend (20%). In the LA, beginning deep within the right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV), the right PN is most frequently detectable anterolateral (31%), then descends to the lateral proximal RSPV (23%), and further towards the lateral antral region (15%) onto the medial LA wall (12%). To avoid delivering an ablation lesion on sites with PN capture, modification of ablation trajectory was necessary in 23% of cases, most commonly in the lateral RSPV antrum (81%). No PN injury occurred.ConclusionPN mapping frequently reveals the close proximity of the PN to the ablation trajectory during PVI, particularly in the lateral RSPV antrum. Routine PN pacing should be considered during RF PVI procedures.
Influence of loading and grafting on hard‐ and soft‐tissue healing at immediately placed implants: An experimental study in minipigs
Authors: Parvini Puria , Buser Daniel , Pippenger Benjamin Evans , Imber Jean‐Claude , Stavropoulos Andreas , Bellón Benjamin , Jarry Christian , Schwarz Frank 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimTo histologically evaluate the influence of (1) loading and (2) grafting on osseointegration and peri‐implant soft‐tissue healing at immediately placed, self‐cutting progressive tissue‐level implants (TLX) in a minipig model.Materials and MethodsTLX implants (n = 56) were immediately placed following the extraction of the mandibular first and second premolars, bilaterally, in a total of n = 14 minipigs. In each animal, the implant sites were allocated to the following four groups: (1) unloaded with simultaneous grafting using a bovine bone mineral; (2) unloaded without grafting; (3) loaded with simultaneous grafting; and (4) loaded without grafting. Histomorphometric assessments at 4 and 12 weeks (n = 7 animals each) included primary (i.e., bone‐to‐implant contact [BIC]) and secondary outcome measures (e.g., first BIC [fBIC], junctional epithelium length [JE], connective tissue contact length [CTC], biological width [BW = JE + CTC]).ResultsAt 4 weeks, mean BIC values ranged from 74.5 ± 11.6% in Group 2 to 83.8 ± 13.3% in Group 1, and, at 12 weeks, from 75.5% ± 7.9% in Group 2 to 79.9 ± 8.6% in Group 1. Multivariate linear mixed regression did not reveal any associations between BIC and implant loading or grafting at 4 and 12 weeks. At 12 weeks, significantly higher fBIC values were noted in Group 2 when compared with Group 1. All groups showed comparable JE, CTC, and BW values.ConclusionsImplant loading and grafting had no major effects on osseointegration and peri‐implant soft tissue healing at TLX implants.
Social media and price discovery: The case of cross‐listed firms
Authors: Fan Rui , Talavera Oleksandr , Tran Vu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this article, we examine whether social media information affects the price‐discovery process for cross‐listed companies. Using over 29 million overnight tweets mentioning cross‐listed companies, we examine the role of social media for a link between the last periods of trading in the US markets and the first periods in the UK market. Our estimates suggest that the size and content of information flows on social networks support the price‐discovery process. The interactions between lagged US stock features and overnight tweets significantly affect stock returns and volatility of cross‐listed stocks when the UK market opens. These effects weaken and disappear 1 to 3 hr after the opening of the UK market. We also develop a profitable trading strategy based on overnight social media, and the profits remain economically significant after considering transaction costs.
Effect of blanching and drying processes on shelf‐life of Parkia speciosa seed and pods
Authors: Devi Hidam Roshree , Panghal Anil , Chhikara Navnidhi , Dhull Sanju Bala , Bangar Sneh Punia , Singh Ajay 
Published: October 2022

AbstractParkia speciosa Hassk is an underutilized legume containing numerous nutrients with high perishability. The study was planned to extend the shelf‐life of P. speciosa seeds and pods with different treatments. Blanched and unblanched seeds and pods were subjected to freezing, freeze drying, cabinet drying, and sun drying. Samples were analyzed for nutritional, phytochemical, rehydration ratio, and overall acceptability score. Significant variation in nutritional value was observed in fresh and processed seeds as well as pods. Due to blanching, some minerals leached out resulting in lower ash content. Protein content was reduced slightly due to blanching and drying. Hot water blanching prior to drying, or freezing, inactivated the oxidative enzymes and preserved nutritional value. Freeze‐dried seed and pods had the highest % dehydration compared to other treatments. Blanched and unblanched, freeze‐dried samples had overall acceptance in an acceptable range for seed and pods. Freeze‐dried seeds and pods had longer storability without significant degradation of total antioxidants, phenols, ascorbic acid, overall acceptability, and rehydration ratio. Rehydration of freeze‐dried seeds and pods after blanching was highest. The study concluded that freeze drying along with blanching as pretreatment is effective in extending the shelf‐life of P. speciosa without a change in sensory profile.Novelty impact statementPerkia speciosa is one of the highly nutritious and underutilized legume, are explored for a shelf‐life extension for their seeds and pods, herein. Mere exposed to minimal pre‐processing treatments, they are made available in the longer term without any nutritional loss, appreciable rehydration extent, and overall acceptability profile as well. Thus, these minimal pre‐processing tactics adoption by agri‐entrepreneurs land the basis for value addition, malnutrition eradication, food security, and commercialization to contribute to the overall growth of the nation.