bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tort Common Law Future: Preventing Harm and Providing Redress to the Uncounted Injured
Authors: Bublick Ellen M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
How do courts root themselves in traditional tort principles and policies and also develop tort common law in ways that befit contemporary values? This essay argues that judges should weave classic tort aims of harm prevention and redress with contemporary norms of equality of persons, to provide a fuller accounting to people foreseeably risked and harmed by projects undertaken for financial gain. In essence, common law courts must re-ask the crucial question of who is a neighbor in a shrinking world in which risks and consequences can be traced somewhat farther. The article commends a few recent decisions that compel legal regard for a broader cohort of injured people and promote care for their wellbeing. It also encourages scholars to engage more deeply with the state court decisions that determine tort law’s reach.
Combining one and two photon polymerization for accelerated high performance (3 + 1)D photonic integration
Authors: Grabulosa Adrià , Moughames Johnny , Porte Xavier , Brunner Daniel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Dense and efficient circuits with component sizes approaching the physical limit is the hallmark of high performance integration. Ultimately, these features and their pursuit enabled the multi-decade lasting exponential increase of components on integrated electronic chips according to Moore’s law, which culminated with the high performance electronics we know today. However, current fabrication technology is mostly constrained to 2D lithography, and thermal energy dissipation induced by switching electronic signal lines presents a fundamental challenge for truly 3D electronic integration. Photonics reduces this problem, and 3D photonic integration is therefore a highly sought after technology that strongly gains in relevance due to the need for scalable application-specific integrated circuits for neural networks. Direct laser writing of a photoresin is a promising high-resolution and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible tool for 3D photonic integration. Here, we combine one and two-photon polymerization (TPP) for waveguide integration for the first time, dramatically accelerating the fabrication process and increasing optical confinement. 3D additive printing is based on femtosecond TPP, while blanket irradiation with a UV lamp induces one-photon polymerization (OPP) throughout the entire 3D chip. We locally and dynamically adjust writing conditions to implement (3 + 1)D flash-TPP: waveguide cores are printed with a small distance between neighboring writing voxels to ensure smooth interfaces, mechanical support structures are printed at maximal distance between the voxels to speed up the process. Finally, the entire chip’s passive volume not part of waveguide cores or mechanical support is polymerized in a single instance by UV blanket irradiation. This decouples fabrication time from the passive volume’s size. We succeed in printing vertical single-mode waveguides of 6 mm length that reach numerical apertures up to NA = 0.16. Noteworthy, we achieve exceptionally low −0.26 dB injection losses and very low propagation losses of −1.36 dB/mm at λ
0 = 660 nm, which is within one order of magnitude of standard integrated silicon photonics. Finally, the optical performance of our waveguides does not deteriorate for at least ∼3000 h after printing, and remains stable during ∼600 h of continuous operation with 0.25 mW injected light.
Biomarkers to target and silence stemness of breast cancer stem cell model: silencing MDR1 by siRNA
Authors: Yıldırım Gamze , Kars Meltem D. , Kars Gökhan , Kılıç Hamdi Ş. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Aim of the study was to reveal new biomarker genes to target breast cancer stem-like cells (BCSC-like) and then sensitize BCSC-like cells to chemotherapy by silencing MDR1 gene found to be the most suitable target.

Methods
Drug resistance associated genes were screened by cDNA microarray to unveil biomarker genes in drug resistance breast cancer model cells. Drug resistance was then reversed by silencing MDR1 gene in BCSC-like cells. The effect of silencing was monitored by real-time cell proliferation analysis. Differential expressions of MDR1, ALDH1A3, EGFR and BAG4 genes were identified by real-time PCR. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression level and its activity were investigated by Western blot and flow cytometry measurements, respectively.

Results
16 new biomarker genes were identified upon gene expression analysis by cDNA microarray. MDR1 gene was selected as the most potent target gene and silencing of it caused down-regulation of MDR1, ALDH1A3, EGFR, BAG4 expression and P-glycoprotein activity and expression in BCSC-like cells. At the end, silenced BCSC-like cells were found to be more responsive to paclitaxel therapy.

Conclusions
In conclusion, siMDR1 silencing is an effective way to reverse multidrug resistance and malignancy. New biomarker genes revealed in this study require to be investigated to target stemness of BC.
'Tue Gutes und rede darüber?' Die Internetauftritte österreichischer Genossenschaftsbanken
Authors: Dietl Katharina , Pernsteiner Helmut 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Raiffeisenbanken in Österreich leisten durch ihre duale Zielsetzung einen wertvollen Beitrag für ihre Gemeinden. So verfolgen die Banken nicht nur das Ziel der finanziellen Performance, sondern betreiben auch Mitglieder- und Regionalförderung. Da dieser Förderauftrag von jeder Genossenschaft individuell interpretiert wird, ist eine transparente Berichterstattung notwendig, sodass die Stakeholder die Bemühungen der Banken nachvollziehen können. Entsprechend wurde im Rahmen dieses Papers ermittelt, inwieweit österreichische Raiffeisenbanken Auskünfte über ihr Handeln auf den eigenen Websites für die Öffentlichkeit bekannt geben. Die Homepages aller 349 Institute wurden im Hinblick auf deren Auskünfte zu Geschichte, aktuelle Veröffentlichungen, Presse bzw. Newsletter, Vorteile für Mitglieder, Unternehmensphilosophie, Informationen über Sponsoring und Nachhaltigkeit sowie konkrete Einzelprojekte untersucht. Die indexierten Ergebnisse wurden in Bezug zu Unternehmensgröße und Qualifikation der Geschäftsleitung gesetzt; so konnte eine positive Korrelation zwischen der Bilanzsumme beziehungsweise der Qualifikation der Geschäftsleitung und der Auskunftsbereitschaft der jeweiligen Institute erkannt werden.
Conocimientos sobre clasificación de residuos hospitalarios en profesionales de enfermería que trabajan en diferentes IPSs de Cartagena
Authors: Orgulloso Bautista Claudia Alejandra , Salas Taborda Hillary 
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Determinar el conocimiento sobre la clasificación de residuos hospitalarios en profesionales de enfermería que trabajan en diferentes IPS de Cartagena, 2021. Materiales y Métodos: Se diseñó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y de corte transversal con una población de profesionales de enfermería que se encontraban laborando en IPS en la ciudad de Cartagena, la muestra fue de 124 individuos a través de un muestreo de bola de nieve, a los que se les aplicó una encuesta estructurada virtual (dividida en dos partes); se realizó un análisis estadístico univariado y bivariado. Resultados: La población estuvo conformada en su mayoría por mujeres en un 90,3% (112), mayores de 36 años un 33,9% (42) y de los estratos 1 y 2 un 59,7% (74). En cuanto a los aspectos laborales el 38,7% (48) son de hospitalización, un 66,9% (83) de instituciones privadas y tienen entre seis a diez años de experiencia un 33,9% (42). Además, de acuerdo con la evaluación de los conocimientos sobre la clasificación de los residuos, se observó que un 58,9% (73) de los profesionales de enfermería tienen un conocimiento regular y presentaron asociación estadísticamente significativa únicamente con la variable sexo (p=0,004) y tipo de institución (p=0,049). Conclusiones: Los profesionales de enfermería presentaron en su mayoría conocimientos regulares en la clasificación de los residuos hospitalarios, en especial los de sexo femenino, con edades entre 31 a 36 años, de estratos 3 y 4, residencia urbana, área de laboratorio, institución privada y tener más de 10 años de experiencia.
Keefektivan Bahan Ajar Mata Kuliah Statistika Matematika Berbasis Pemecahan Masalah Serta Bernuansa Islami
Authors: Utami Nita Putri 
Published: March 2022

Kondisi perkuliahan berhubungan dengan kompetensi dosen, media perkuliahan, sarana dan prasarana perkuliahan. Bahan ajar merupakan salah satu media perkuliahan yang sangat menentukan keberhasilan perkuliahan. sebagai seorang dosen sebaiknya menfasilitasi mahasiswa sedemikian hingga menjadi menarik dalam perkuliahan. Akantetapi kenyataannya dilapangan, masih rendahnya daya tarik mahasiswa dalam perkuliahan. Statistika Matematika adalah salah satu matakuliah yang sangat penting, artinya sangat banyak digunakan pada saat telah menjadi guru dan membantu dalam pembuatan tugas akhir. Oleh karena itu, seharusnya dosen menfasilitasi dengan memberikan suatu bahan ajar yang berisikan masalah-masalah matematika yang bernuansa islami. Jadi rumusan masalah pada penelitian ini bagaimana proses dan hasil pengembangan Bahan Ajar Mata Kuliah Statistika Matematika Berbasis Pemecahan Masalah Serta Bernuansa Islami yang valid
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA SMA MELALUI PENERAPAN STRATEGI LEARNING TOURNAMENT
Authors: Rabiati Rabiati , Mardika Fitria 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa dengan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran aktif learning tournament. Target penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X pada SMAN 10 Pekanbaru. PTK dilaksanakan dalam 3 siklus yang mana setiap siklusnya terdiri atas tahapan perencanaan, tindakan/observasi, dan refleksi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah instrument tes formatif yang bertujuan untuk mengukur kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika pada pokok bahasan logaritma. Tes formatif diberikan pada setiap akhir siklus. Berdasarkan analisis data secara deskriptif kuantitatif diperoleh hasil penelitian berupa peningkatan hasil belajar matematika siswa pada setiap siklusnya. Hasil akhir penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan strategi pembelajaran aktif learning tournament dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan persentase pada siklus I sebesar 67,50 % , siklus II sebesar 75,00 % dan siklus III sebesar 80,00 %.
The handling of issues related to the use of the Hungarian language in Slovakia since the 1990s
Authors: Sebők Szilárd 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The present paper provides an overview of the ways in which Hungarian language issues in Slovakia have been handled from the 1990s to the present, discussing language cultivation, language planning and language management, and summarizing, on the basis of contemporary articles and studies, how the theoretical principles of these directions of research are implemented in the Slovakia Hungarian practices of handling language issues, and, on the other hand, how practical actions of problem handling contribute to theoretical frameworks of shaping language. These results are viewed in their historical contexts throughout the paper, and, at the end, the continuation of earlier processes is also traced in today’s linguistic research.
Effect of Cu\(^{2+}\) Dopant on the Formation of Zinc Oxide Microrod Fabricated by a Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Nguyen Sang Xuan , Le Phuoc Sang , Luu Thi Lan Anh 
Published: March 2022

Reconstruction and stabilization of polar oxide surfaces, such as ZnO, contribute a significant role in photocatalysis, chemical sensing, and optoelectronic applications, however their physical chemistry insight is still a puzzle in the surface science. In this work, the polar surface instability induced the morphological evolution of hydrothermally synthesized micro-rod ZnO doped with various contents of Cu2+ ion (1-10 at.%) was investigated. The transformation of micro-rod morphology from the high aspect ratio flower-like shape of the pure ZnO to the hexagonal prism-like shape of the doped ZnO was characterized by X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and micro Raman spectroscopy. The chemically active Zn-terminated polar surface in doped samples was less positive charge density which was the main reason to cancel the electrostatic instability for the dominant growing direction. Furthermore, the schematic models of the electron transferring from the conduction band region to the electron trap centre of Cu2+, and the Zn-terminated polar surface reconstruction were proposed for the morphological evolution mechanism.
Ambiguities from Nuclear Interactions in the \(^{12}\)C(p,2p)\(^{11}\)B Reaction
Authors: Nguyen Tri Toan Phuc , Ogata Kazuyuki , Nguyen Hoang Phuc , Bui Duy Linh , Vo Hong Hai , Le Xuan Chung 
Published: March 2022

We investigate the impact of ambiguities coming from the choice of optical potentials and nucleon-nucleon scattering cross sections on the spectroscopic factors extracted from the 12C(p,2p)11B reaction. These ambiguities are evaluated by analyzing the cross sections of the 12C(p,2p)11B reaction at 100 and 200 MeV within the framework of the distorted-wave impulse approximation with realistic choices of nuclear inputs. The results show that the studied ambiguities are considerably large in this energy region and careful choices of nuclear inputs used in the reaction calculations are required to extract reliable structure information.
A prática docente em aulas remotas do ensino médio: potencialidades e fragilidades
Authors: Gomes Yasmin Leon , Pereira Cleo Mann , Costa Mireile Pacheco França , Martins Pura Lúcia Oliver 
Published: March 2022

Esse artigo é fruto de uma análise da prática docente em aulas remotas, do Ensino Médio, cujo objetivo é analisar as potencialidades e fragilidades do processo de ensino-aprendizagem no contexto de pandemia da COVID –19. Para tal empreendemos uma pesquisa qualitativa, com uso de Grupo Focal que conforme Gatti (2005) é uma técnica que possibilita coletar dados de um grupo de pessoas, de forma homogênea ou heterogênea, em que há um diálogo, uma interação entre os participes. Para a tratativa, interpretação e análise do material coletado, recorremos à análise de conteúdo, postulada por Franco (2005). Para fundamentar a análise a confrontamos pressupostos teóricos de Tardif (2000), Tardif e Raymond (2000), Shulman (1986), Garcia (1999), Moreira, Henriques e Barros (2020) e Moreira e Schlemmer (2020). Nesse ínterim, a partir da teoria estudada e dos dados coletados, criamos indicadores das potencialidades e fragilidades para nossa análise e percebemos que, mesmo em meio a todas as demandas, o que se destacou foi que através do trabalho em equipe e das atividades interdisciplinares, os professores aprenderam muito uns com os outros e com seus alunos e o resultado foi de superação em meio a tantas mazelas que a pandemia trouxe.
Pandemia COVID-19 – punkt zwrotny w działalności bibliotek na przykładzie Biblioteki Głównej Politechniki Łódzkiej
Authors: Sójkowska Iwona 
Published: March 2022

W historii bibliotek odnaleźć można wiele punktów zwrotnych, które powodowały niepewność w ich funkcjonowaniu. Mimo to biblioteki różnego typu nadal istnieją, rozwijają się i prężnie działają. W niniejszym artykule zwrócono uwagę na sytuację bibliotek akademickich, która jest wynikiem pandemii COVID-19.
W marcu 2020 r. stacjonarne usługi bibliotek zostały czasowo zawieszone, co mogło wywołać niepokój wśród pracowników i użytkowników. Na przykładzie Biblioteki Politechniki Łódzkiej przedstawiono zmianę organizacji pracy oraz świadczenia usług, przenosząc tradycyjnie wykonywane zadania do wirtualnej rzeczywistości. Zwrócono uwagę na nowe e-usługi oraz plany rozwojowe, jakie biblioteka opracowała w związku z sytuacją kryzysową.
The Koinon Agathon of Plato’s Charmides
Authors: Pichanick Alan 
Published: March 2022

Given the number of references to koinōnia in Plato’s dialogues, it is striking that the phrase “common good” (koinon agathon) is used only once – at Charmides 166d. Socrates asks his interlocutor Critias a question, “Do you not think it is for the common good, almost (schedon), of all men, that how all the beings (tōn ontōn) are should be discovered?” The question emerges after Critias has claimed that sōphrosynē is self-knowledge, which he then specifies as a “knowledge of all other knowledges and of itself”. In this paper, I argue that it is no accident that Socrates mentions the “common good” at precisely this moment in his discussion with Critias. The notion of sōphrosynē that Critias defends is incoherent owing to what Critias claims to be its distinguishing feature – its reflexivity. Because of its total reflexivity, it points to no end beyond itself and thereby it is neither capable of disclosing “the beings” nor of being connected to any good outside of itself. The common good Socrates mentions here is therefore essentially related to an acknowledgment of ignorance that motivates one to wonder (thauma) at a good beyond one’s love of one’s own things. I thus suggest an explanation for the curious addition of “almost” (schedon) in Socrates’ remark here: Critias himself shows that unless he (or his young cousin Charmides) can admit ignorance and experience such wonder, then he is constitutionally not included in this common good.
The Women’s Law (tou gynaikeiou nomos) in the Kallipolis of Plato’s Republic
Authors: Cornelli Gabriele , Maia Rosane 
Published: March 2022

The Women’s Law discussed in book V of the Republic, known as the first wave, is a notorious example of Socrates’ reformist intention to achieve justice in the polis. The legislation for women, in general, has historically been relegated by the Republic interpreters. This paper aims to analyze this passage, from 449a to 457c, through the arguments provided by Socrates seen as crucial to conceive equality between the sexes (under the ontological foundation of the same human nature) as well as to favor institutional change according to nature, kata physin, thus opening the possibility for women to govern the polis. Before leaving for the external confrontation, Socrates considers it urgent that his interlocutors, Adeimantus, Glaucon, and Polemarchus, agree with each other. Thus, he urges them to start the argument by questioning the human nature of women and their capacity for the same functions (erga) performed by men in the city. The examination of the intelligible enabled the logos on women’s intellectual capacity to support adequate legislation. Such nomos put into practice proves to be the best for the city and its guardians. To that extent, Socrates can conclude the investigation with a consensus on what to do and willingness to confront opposing opinions in the city urgently.
Pelaku dalam Pengelolaan Homestay di Kawasan Saribu Rumah Gadang Kabupaten Solok Selatan Sumatera Barat
Authors: Gusriza Fondina 
Published: March 2022

Saribu Rumah Gadang Region has been developing accommodation facilities that utilize the rumah gadang as homestay. Sice 2016 there are 10 rumah gadang join in the management of the homestay. Although being promote to support tourism develop, the number of tourist whose visits has not increased significantly.
This paper aims to: 1) Analyze management homestay. 2) Analyzing the patterns of actors in managing homestays. This research was descriptive with a qualitative approach. Data was obtained by conducting interviews, observations and literature studies. Data analyzed was carried out using qualitative analysis with a descriptive approach that outlined data and facts obtained at the study site.
The results of the study show the actors involved in management homestay are the owners homestay, Regional Government of South Solok Regency, Association of Sales of Indonesian Travel (ASATI) of West Sumatra, Kelompok Sadar Wisata (Pokdarwis) Saribu Rumah Gadang and Karang Taruna Tunas Harapan. Owners homestay play a role as managers of. The regional government of South Solok Regency and ASATI as a pioneer and assistance in developed the rumah gadang being a homestay. The actors who had the most role in managing homestays are Owners homestay, local governments and the least involved is Pokdarwis.
Analisis Pengaruh Faktor Interinsik dan Eksterinsik terhadap Minat Berkunjung Objek Wisata Kota Tua
Authors: Amelia Rizki , Patricia Adella 
Published: March 2022

This study aims to analyse the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on the interest of visiting the old city tourist attraction located in the North Jakarta number. By using quantitative descriptive research methods. From 125 respondents, the intrinsically influential interest in visiting the old city is knowledge. While extrinsic factors are strongly influenced by tourism attraction and accessibility of destinations. It is recommended that this research can be continued by using other variables or carried out in other old cities in Indonesia.
Keywords: Intrinsic and extrinsic factors, interest in visiting, Tourism Objects, Jakarta Old Town.
Peran Pastry dan Bakery terhadap Kepuasaan Pelanggan di Toko Deli Hotel Majapahit Surabaya
Authors: Sari Intan Normalita , Suardana I Ketut 
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this research are (1) To find out how to good work and professionally the staff Deli Store Majapahit Hotel which can increase customer satisfaction And (2) to meet customer desires in purchasing Pastry and Bakery products from Deli Store Majapahit Hotel.
The method used is the method of data analysis with descriptive quantitative methods and methods of data collection by observation, interviews, and documentation.
The results of the study (1) the management of Deli Store Hotel Majapahit, will guide the new employe for two weeks to learn about the Bakery product and customer service, so the customer will be happy and satisfied about our service when buying our product. And giving the information about Deli Store Majapahit Hotel customer loyalty were the customer will always get the best service and always satisfied about our service. (2) the customer loyalty Deli Store Majapahit Hotel will get discount for every product and always get the best service so the other customer want to be customer loyalty.
Pengembangan Potensi dan Daya Tarik Wisata di Kabupaten Bondowoso
Authors: Hendrijanto Kris , Purwowibowo Purwowibowo , Santoso Budhy , Hariyono Syech 
Published: March 2022

Bondowoso is a district in the Besuki Raya area, which is different fromvother areas. This district does not have a marine area, while other Besuki areas, such as Situbondo, Jember, and Banyuwangi districts have coastaland marine areas. Under these conditions, the tourism development program is focused on the potential that exists on the mainland. In order to make Bondowoso Regency a tourist destination that can attract tourists, both domestic and foreign, the Bondowoso Regency government has created a potential and attractiveness development program, through the decision of the Bondowoso Regent, Number 83 of 2016. The Department of Tourism, Youth and Sports to oversee the realization of Bondowoso Regency to become a leading destination, by developing tourism programs based on its local potential. Several tourism destination development programs have been realized by continuing to improve the various infrastructure and facilities needed. This is intended to make it easier for tourists to visit various potential tourist destinations in Bondowoso Regency.