bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lithium in the prevention of suicide in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Riblet Natalie B. , Shiner Brian , Young-Xu Yinong , Watts Bradley V. 
Published: November 2022

Summary
Controversy exists regarding the efficacy of lithium for suicide prevention. Except for a recent trial that enrolled over 500 patients, available trials of lithium for suicide prevention have involved small samples. It is challenging to measure suicide in a single randomised controlled trial (RCT). Adding a single large study to existing meta-analyses may provide insights into lithium's anti-suicidal effects. We performed a meta-analysis of RCTs comparing lithium with a control condition for suicide prevention. MEDLINE and other databases were searched up to 30 November 2021. Efficacy was assessed by calculating the summary Peto odds ratio (OR) and incidence rate ratio (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals. Among seven RCTs, the odds of suicide were lower among patients receiving lithium versus control (OR = 0.30, 95% CI 0.09–1.02; IRR = 0.22, 95% CI 0.05–1.05), although the findings were still not statistically significant. The role of lithium in suicide prevention remains uncertain.
Mutational Screening of Androgen Receptor Gene in 8224 Men of Infertile Couples
Authors: Rocca Maria Santa , Minervini Giovanni , Vinanzi Cinzia , Bottacin Alberto , Lia Federica , Foresta Carlo , Pennuto Maria , Ferlin Alberto 
Published: November 2022

AbstractContextMutations in the androgen receptor (AR) gene might be associated with infertility mainly because they cause various degrees of androgen insensitivity.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency and type of AR variants in a large cohort of infertile males.MethodsA total of 8224 males of Italian idiopathic infertile couples were referred to the University Hospital of Padova. The main outcome measures were mutational screening of AR, computational, and functional analyses.ResultsWe found 131 patients (1.6%) harboring 45 variants in AR gene, of which 18 were novel missense AR variants. Patients with AR gene variants had lower sperm count (P = .048), higher testosterone (T) concentration (P &lt; .0001), and higher androgen sensitivity index (ASI) (luteinizing hormone × T, P &lt; .001) than patients without variants. Statistical analyses found T ≥ 15.38 nmol/L and ASI ≥ 180 IU × nmol/L2 as the threshold values to discriminate with good accuracy patients with AR variants. Patients with oligozoospermia and T ≥ 15.38 nmol/L had a 9-fold increased risk of harboring mutations compared with patients with normal sperm count and T &lt; 15.38 nmol/L (odds ratio 9.29, 95% CI 5.07-17.02). Using computational and functional approaches, we identified 2 novel variants, L595P and L791I, as potentially pathogenic.ConclusionThis is the largest study screening AR gene variants in men of idiopathic infertile couples. We found that the prevalence of variants increased to 3.4% in oligozoospermic subjects with T ≥ 15.38 nmol/L. Conversely, more than 80% of men with AR gene variants had low sperm count and high T levels. Based on our findings, we suggest AR sequencing as a routine genetic test in cases of idiopathic oligozoospermia with T ≥ 15.38 nmol/L.
Pyridazine Synthesis from 1,2,4,5-Tetrazines and Alkynes in 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol through the Inverse Electron Demand Diels–Alder Reaction
Authors: Yamamoto Chika , Suzuki Minori , Yoshida Suguru 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A facile method to synthesize pyridazines from 1,2,4,5-tetrazines and alkynes is disclosed. The reaction was significantly facilitated by 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol. The wide scope and the predictable regioselectivity by theoretical calculations will serve to synthesize a wide range of multisubstituted pyridazines.
Hackathon challenge as a pedagogical tool to teach interdisciplinary problem-solving skills for population health
Authors: Radzihovsky Matthew , Trounce Natalia , Sebok-Syer Stefanie , Boukhman Milana 
Published: November 2022

Background: Effectively addressing complex challenges involving population health often requires interdisciplinary action. Teaching both the value and the skills to collaborate effectively across disciplines can better equip students to lead and develop solutions to a range of complex challenges. Methods: The Biosecurity and Pandemic Resilience course deployed Hackathon, which utilizes Stanford's Design Thinking methodology. In the winter of 2020, Hackathon challenged 187 students to devise implementable solutions that decrease the transmission of COVID-19. Post Hackathon, students responded to an anonymous survey reflecting on their experience. Results: Students developed 52 solutions to help manage the COVID-19 outbreak. Most students (58%) specifically cited the interdisciplinary approach and diverse group expertise as their most valuable takeaway, and 68% of students indicated that given proper resources they would continue working to implement their project. Conclusions: The Hackathon challenge utilizing Design Thinking curriculum can be a valuable tool in equipping students to address complex population health issues and can also be deployed in other contexts. The authors plan to further enhance and adapt the Hackathon challenge to explore additional use cases.
Effects of sub-chronic, in vivo administration of sigma-1 receptor ligands on platelet and aortic arachidonate cascade in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Váczi Sándor , Barna Lilla , Laczi Krisztián , Tömösi Ferenc , Rákhely Gábor , Penke Botond , Fülöp Lívia , Bogár Ferenc , Janáky Tamás , Deli Mária A. , Mezei Zsófia 
Published: November 2022

Background
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder which induces endothelial dysfunction and platelet activation. Eicosanoids produced from arachidonic acid regulate cellular and vascular functions. Sigma-1 receptors (S1R) are expressed in platelets and endothelial cells and S1R expression is protective in diabetes.

Objectives
Our aim was to examine the influence of sub-chronic, in vivo administered S1R ligands PRE-084, (S)-L1 (a new compound) and NE-100 on the ex vivo arachidonic acid metabolism of platelets and aorta in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Methods
The serum level of the S1R ligands was detected by LC-MS/MS before the ex vivo analysis. Sigma-1 receptor and cyclooxygenase gene expression in platelets were determined by RT-qPCR. The eicosanoid synthesis was examined with a radiolabelled arachidonic acid substrate and ELISA.

Results
One month after the onset of STZ-induced diabetes, in vehicle-treated, diabetic rat platelet TxB2 and aortic 6-k-PGF1α production dropped. Sub-chronic in vivo treatment of STZ-induced diabetes in rats for one week with PRE-084 enhanced vasoconstrictor and platelet aggregator and reduced vasodilator and anti-aggregator cyclooxygenase product formation. (S)-L1 reduced the synthesis of vasodilator and anti-aggregator cyclooxygenase metabolites and promoted the recovery of physiological platelet function in diabetic rats. The S1R antagonist NE-100 produced no significant changes in platelet arachidonic acid metabolism. (S)-L1 decreased the synthesis of vasoconstrictor and platelet aggregator cyclooxygenase metabolites, whereas NE-100 increased the quantity of aortic vasodilator and anti-aggregator cyclooxygenase products and promoted the recovery of diabetic endothelial dysfunction in the aorta. The novel S1R ligand, (S)-L1 had similar effects on eicosanoid synthesis in platelets as the agonist PRE-084 and in aortas as the antagonist NE-100.

Conclusions
S1R ligands regulate cellular functions and local blood circulation by influencing arachidonic acid metabolism. In diabetes mellitus, the cell-specific effects of S1R ligands have a compensatory role and aid in restoring physiological balance between the platelet and vessel.
Effectiveness of short-term isothermic-heat acclimation (4 days) on physical performance in moderately trained males
Authors: Shaw Jake , Walkington Cory , Cole Edward , Gleadall-Siddall Damien O. , Burke Rachel , Bray James , Simpson Andrew J. , Vince Rebecca V. , Garrett Andrew T. 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionA typical heat acclimation (HA) protocol takes 5–7 d of 60–90 minutes of heat exposure. Identifying the minimum dose of HA required to elicit a heat adapted phenotype could reduce financial constraints on participants and aid in the tapering phase for competition in hot countries. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate a 4 d HA regimen on physical performanceMethodsTwelve moderately trained males were heat acclimated using controlled hyperthermia (Tre>38.5°C), with no fluid intake for 90 min on 4 consecutive days, with a heat stress test (HST) being completed one week prior to (HST2), and within one-week post (HST3) HA. Eleven completed the control study of HST1 versus HST2, one week apart with no intervention. Heat stress tests comprised of cycling for 90 min @ 40% Peak Power Output (PPO); 35°C; 60%RH followed by 10 minutes of passive recovery before an incremental test to exhaustion. Physical performance outcomes time to exhaustion (TTE), PPO, end rectal temperature (TreEND), and heart rate (HREND) was measured during the incremental test to exhaustion.ResultsPhysiological markers indicated no significant changes in the heat; however descriptive statistics indicated mean restingTrelowered 0.24°C (-0.54 to 0.07°C;d =2.35: very large) and end-exercise lowered by 0.32°C (-0.81 to 0.16;d= 2.39: very large). There were significant improvements across multiple timepoints following HA in perceptual measures; Rate of perceived exertion (RPE), Thermal Sensation (TS), and Thermal Comfort (TC) (P<0.05). Mean TTE in the HST increased by 142 s (323±333 to 465±235s;P= 0.04) and mean PPO by 76W (137±128 to 213±77 W;P= 0.03).ConclusionShort-term isothermic HA (4 d) was effective in enhancing performance capacity in hot and humid conditions. Regardless of the level of physiological adaptations, behavioural adaptations were sufficient to elicit improved performance and thermotolerance in hot conditions. Additional exposures may be requisite to ensure physiological adaptation.
Contraceptive utilization and associated factors among youths in Hossana town administrative, Hadiya zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Babore Getachew Ossabo , Heliso Asnakech Zekiwos 
Published: November 2022

Background
In low-income countries out of, 60.7 million unintended pregnancies, 19% of them are subjected to abortion of which 11% of were unsafe. Surprisingly, about 2.5 million occur in women under the age of 20 years. Aim of this study is to measure the level of contraceptive utilization and associated factors among youths in Hosanna town administration.

Method
Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted in Hossana town administration, Hadiya zone, Southern Ethiopia. A multistage sampling procedure was employed by clustering health facilities into reproductive health clubs and health facilities to select 781 study participants. Data was collected by using structured pre-tested, self-administered questionnaires. All coded and cleaned data were entered into EPI-info version 3.5.1 and it was exported to SPSS version 16.0 for recoding and further analysis.

Result
Among youths who had been sexually active within the last 12 months, 67.6% had used contraceptives prior to the survey. Multivariate analysis was found statistically significant association between contraceptive utilization and education status of mothers who attained university AOR = 4.57 [95% CI (1.29, 16.19)], utilization of sexual and reproductive health services within last 12 months AOR = 2.26 [(95% CI: 1.33, 3.86)], age initiation of first sex between 15–19 year OR = 2.63 [(95% CI 1.48,4.64)], discussion with sexual partner AOR = 1.99 [(95% CI: 1.27, 3.13)], good knowledge on contraceptive advantage AOR = [1.89 (95%CI: 1.07, 3.32)]. Whereas educational status: being secondary level decrease utilization of contraceptives by 51% AOR = 0.49 [95% CI (0.27, 0.94)].

Conclusion & recommendation
The findings of our study imply that level of contraceptive utilization is higher than as compared to the previous studies. Discussion with a sexual partner as well as with a spouse, having awareness on contraceptive advantages, early age initiation of sexual intercourse, maternal educational status and getting sexual and reproductive health services recently were identified as predictors of contraceptive utilization.
The patterns, trends and major risk factors of suicide among Indian adolescents—A scoping review protocol
Authors: Senapati Rachel Elizabeth , Parida Jayashree , Badamali Jagatdarshi , Jena Susangita , Patsani Pranita , Panda Arpita , Behera Swati Sukalyani , Pradhan Abinash , Singh Prashant Kumar , Mishra Bijaya Kumar , Patra Prasanna Kumar , Pati Sanghamitra , Kaur Harpreet , Acharya Subhendu Kumar 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
Suicide is one of the serious health problems among Indian adolescents. Adolescence helps with the transition of an individual into an adult, so it is important to understand the suicidal behavior of adolescents. Several studies have been carried out in different states in India on the suicidal behavior of adolescents, but there is no review that studied the national patterns, trends, and major risk factors. Therefore, this review aims to study the patterns, trends, and major risk factors of suicidal behavior among Indian adolescents.

Methods
The study will be conducted as per the Arksey and O’Malley scoping review framework and the Joanna Briggs institute Reviewers’ manual. The Population, Concept and Context strategy (PCC) will ensure the review questions, eligibility criteria and search strategy. The Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) will be used for the findings of the study of Scoping Review. The literature search will be done using electronic databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Psycinfo, Web of Science, Google, and Cochrane library by specific keywords such as “patterns”; “suicide”; “trends”; “risk factors”; “depression”; “anxiety”; “mental health”; “adolescent”; “teenager”; and “youth”;” India” etc. Additional studies will be considered using cross-references.

Ethics and dissemination
This study does not involve the collection of primary data; there is no requirement of any ethical approval.

Strengths and limitations of the study

The proposed scoping review is the first study on patterns, trends, and major risk factors of adolescent suicide in India as per the information available on the online platforms.
This proposed scoping review will bring together all the previously available data into one place for better study.
This evidence-based study will be highly helpful for healthcare professionals and policymakers. This study will be limited to English language and electronically available evidence.
An experimental model of contusion injury in humans
Authors: Barnes Matthew J. , Lomiwes Dominic , Parry David A. D. , Mackintosh Stephen 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
Contusion injuries are common in sport, but our knowledge of the responses to injury primarily come from animal studies and research using eccentric exercise. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a model of contusion injury in human participants and, additionally, investigate and compare physiological responses to four impact loads.

Methods
Thirty-two males were exposed to a single impact of either 4.2, 5.2, 6.2 or 7.2kg, dropped from 67 cm, on to the vastus lateralis of one leg. Maximum voluntary and electrically induced quadriceps force, and pressure pain threshold were measured, and blood sampling carried out, prior to and 30min, 24, 48 and 72h post-impact. Magnetic resonance imaging was carried out 24h post-impact to quantify oedema.

Results
Despite impact force with 7.2kg (1681.4 ± 235.6 N) not being different to 6.2kg (1690.7 ± 117.6 N), 7.2kg resulted in greater volume of oedema, voluntary force loss, pain and elevations in creatine kinase than the other loads. Although electrically induced force changed over time, post-hoc analysis failed to identify any changes. Interleukin-6 and prostaglandin-E2 did not change over time for any of the loads. Significant correlations were found between oedema volume, pressure pain threshold and maximum voluntary contraction force.

Conclusions
This is the first experimental study to investigate traumatic loading of skeletal muscle and the subsequent physiological responses associated with contusion injuries in humans. The absence of immediate elevations in creatine kinase and changes in electrically induced force suggest impact, with forces similar to those experienced in contact sport, does not cause significant, direct damage to skeletal muscle. However, the relationship between oedema volume, changes in pressure pain threshold and maximum voluntary contraction force suggests central inhibition plays a role in contusion-related muscle dysfunction.
L’essai Sur la Cécité de Saramago
Authors: Dos Santos Reinan Ramos 
Published: November 2022

Le but de cet article est de lire L’Aveuglement ou l’Essai sur la cécité (1994) de Saramago suivant deux fils conducteurs. Le premier est celui de la critique de la métaphore de la lumière : à notre avis, Saramago tente dans l’Essai de tirer toutes les conséquences que l’hypothèse fictionnelle d’une épidémie de cécité par excès de lumière pourrait avoir sur la réalité de la vie sociale moderne. C’est l’occasion aussi pour Saramago de critiquer le projet moderne de civilisation des « Lumières », et d’élaborer une nouvelle interprétation des concepts d’ « état de nature » et de « contrat social ». Le second fil est celui de la conception d’intersubjectivité acoustique implicite, mais présente dans l’Essai. À notre avis, Saramago propose une approche originale du phénomène intersubjectif, qui jusque-là avait été toujours compris à partir du primat du visible et dans une vision subjectiviste. Dans l’Essai, il est possible de penser l’émergence d’une réalité commune et anonyme constituée comme audible au premier abord, et qui conditionne par la suite l’individuation et la socialisation humaines. Dans cette étude, nous voulons mesurer les implications de cet essai littéraire pour la pensée de l’intersubjectivité, en prenant au sérieux philosophiquement la réalité qui en découlerait.
Investigation of the association between serum uric acid levels and HEART risk score in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Khameneh Bagheri Ramin , Najafi Mona Najaf , Ahmadi Mostafa , Saberi Mohsen , Maleki Mina , Baradaran Rahimi Vafa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe association between uric acid (UA) and cardio‐metabolic conditions has been recognized for a long time. However, recently, a body of evidence has highlighted the independent role of UA in a series of conditions, including renal and cardiovascular diseases. In this light, data regarding the prognostic role of UA in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is scarce. A total number of 100 patients, 59 males and 41 females, diagnosed with ACS were recruited in this study. At the time of admission to the hospital, the serum level of UA was measured. In addition, the HEART score was calculated based on each patients' profile. Participants were on average 61.37 ± 12.08 years old. The most prevalent risk factors were hypertension (48%), a history of coronary artery disease (40%), and diabetes mellitus (33%). The average serum level of UA was 5.81 ± 1.81 mg/dl, and the calculated HEART score had a median of six (minimum of two and maximum of ten). A positive yet statistically insignificant correlation was found between the measured UA level and the calculated HEART score (R = 0.375, p = 0.090). However, further studies with larger sample size are required to assess the direct association of UA level with major adverse cardiac events in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Chitosan edible coating incorporated with resveratrol and Satureja bachtiarica essential oil as natural active packaging: In vitro antibacterial and antioxidant properties, and its impact on the shelf life of fresh chicken fillet and growth of inoculated Escherichia coli O157:H7
Authors: Abdalbeygi Sepehr , Aminzare Majid , Hassanzad Azar Hassan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chitosan coating containing resveratrol (RES) and Satureja bachtiarica essential oil (SEO) on the microbial quality, oxidative stability, and sensory properties of chicken meat as well as inoculated Escherichia coli O157:H7 during 12 day storage at 4 °C. The synergistic in vitro antioxidant effects between RES and SEO in chitosan coatings were observed. Moreover, chicken coated with chitosan solution containing RES 0.001% + SEO 2% indicated better results compared with the control group with the following scores (p≤0.05): Total viable count (6.11 log10 CFU/g), total psychrotrophic count (5.39 log10 CFU/g), Lactic acid bacteria (5.36 log10 CFU/g), pH (6.25), peroxide value (4.32 meq/kg lipid), thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (1.03 mg MDA/kg), sensory analysis (overall acceptability: 5.5), and inoculated E.coli O157:H7 (6.01 log10 CFU/g). The finding of the present study can contribute to the meat industry as a natural active packaging system.
Intraoperative ultrasound during repeat cesarean delivery facilitates sampling of uterine scar tissue
Authors: Paping Alexander , Basler Clara , Melchior Kerstin , Ehrlich Loreen , Thiele Mario , Duda Georg N. , Henrich Wolfgang , Braun Thorsten 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Histological examination of uterine scars provides insight into uterine wound healing and helps to develop prevention methods of uterine wall rupture after previous uterine surgery. Therefore, exact intraoperative scar identification is needed for specimen collection from the actual scar tissue. The aim of this study was to correlate pre- and intraoperative ultrasound measurements of the lower uterine segment (LUS) with histological findings of scar tissue and to evaluate the relevance of intraoperative ultrasound.

Methods
In a prospective observational study, preoperative and intraoperative sonographic measurements of the LUS thickness were performed in 33 women with a history of at least one cesarean delivery. Intraoperative ultrasound with a linear transducer placed directly on the uterus identified the scar area and uterotomy was performed 2 cm cranially. Tissue samples were taken after extraction of the fetus, embedded in paraffin wax, and stained according to Gomori Trichrome to identify scar tissue. Collagen content was evaluated with imaging software Fiji (NIH, Bethesda, USA). Preoperative and intraoperative sonographic measurements were correlated with histologic evidence of scar tissue.

Results
Histological evidence of scar tissue was found in 11 out of 33 samples with significantly lower ultrasonographic thickness of the lower uterine segment compared to the other 22 samples, both antepartum (1.4 mm [1.3–1.9] vs. 2.0 mm [1.6–2.6], p=0.03) and intrapartum (1.6 mm [1.3–1.9] vs. 3.7 mm [2.0–4.7], p<0.01). Intraoperative ultrasound had a significantly higher predictive power (AUC difference 0.18 [0.03–0.33], p=0.01).

Conclusions
Intraoperative sonography identifies the uterine wall area with histologically confirmable scar tissue far better than preoperative sonography.