bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modification of Existing PAPR Reduction Techniques to Improve PAPR Performance of the System using CCDF
Authors: Dhiman Harsh , Madhu Charu , Kaur Daljeet , Kumar Vijay 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
OFDM is a multicarrier modulation technology utilized in various wireless communication systems and standards for its high data rate, high spectral coherence, and tolerance to multi-path fading channels. However, one of the most significant barriers in implementing an OFDM system is decreasing the peak-to-average ratio (PAPR). High PAPR is generated by significant envelope variations in the OFDM signal, which mandates the use of an extremely linear power amplifier. Power amplifiers with a large linear range are massive, costly, and difficult to manufacture. As a result, a plethora of PAPR reduction techniques for OFDM signals has been proposed in the literature. The subcarriers of an OFDM system are narrowband and need precise frequency synchronization between the sending and receiving ends. The primary focus of this research is on PAPR reduction in OFDM systems employing partial transmit sequence (PTS) and selected mapping approaches (SLM).
Genetic dissection of the leaf shape in super hybrid rice Xieyou9308 RILs by genome-wide association study
Authors: Lian Wangmin , Zhao Haihan , Zhan Xiaodeng , Cheng Shihua , Lou Xiangyang , Cao Liyong , Hong Yongbo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Leaf shape is an important factor of plant architecture and the primary contributor to photosynthesis in cereal crops. However, the genetic and molecular mechanism underlying flag leaf phenotypes remains largely unknown. In this research, 139 RILs derived from hybrid rice Xieyou9308, the parents of which are genetically different in leaf phenotype, were used to identify genetic variants for flag leaf length (FLL), width (FLW), and rolling rate (FLR) with high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping data. GWAS was carried out using 262,224 SNPs by modeling them as a quantitative phenotype. In the analysis implemented with QTXNetwork, 21 significant SNPs were observed (8 SNPs for FLL, 5 SNPs for FLW, 8 SNPs for FLR) with accumulated explanatory heritability ranging from 53.29–89.25%. Furthermore, 16 significant associated peaks (2 SNPs for FLL, 11 SNPs for FLW, 3 SNPs for FLR) were detected by EMMAX with explanatory effects ranging from − 8.138 to 37.15. To further validate our findings, relative expression analysis was conducted for 13 candidate genes and 6 known marker genes, revealing that 18 genes are differentially expressed in parents. Among them, the expression level of LOC_Os03g52510 is over 11,000 times in ZH9308 than that in XB, which may positively regulate FLL; the expression level of LOC_Os12g39000 is lower in ZH9308 than that in XB, which is potentially regulating FLW. LOC_Os03g52470, LOC_Os08g29809, and LOC_Os03g21660 had extremely differential expressions in parents. So far, these three genes have not been reported to regulate leaf morphology, indicating that they may be novel genes that regulate FLL, FLW, and FLR. These results may lay a theoretical basis and provide genetic resources for ideal plant architecture breeding in rice.
A Heuristic Deep Feature System for Energy Management in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Naveena Ambidi , Lakshmi Meeniga Vijaya 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The technology Wireless-Sensor-Network (WSN) has been employed in all digital applications for several purposes like sensing, storing, and sharing information. However, managing energy consumption is a more critical task because of the movable environment. So, the present research article aims to develop a novel Deep Belief Energy Management Framework (BDBEMF) for the WSN application. Initially, the required number of sensor nodes was created then a book BDBEMF was designed to monitor the high consumption nodes. In addition, the Low-energy adaptive-clustering-hierarchy (LEACH) protocol has been considered to make the communication process. Consequently, the cluster head has been selected based on less energy utilization and high-density hubs. The data rate of each node has been measured, and the high leaded data has been shared to work fewer nodes to balance the energy. Finally, the amount of alive and dead nodes was validated with few communication metrics. The presented model has gained the maximum throughput and less energy consumption and throughput.
Poor Mental Health Days as a Risk Factor for Decreased Oral Healthcare Utilization and Poorer Oral Health Outcomes
Authors: Abdellatif Hoda 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To test the hypothesis that among individuals in the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) cross-sectional anonymous health survey in the United States (US), after controlling for confounding, an increasing number of poor mental health (MH) days in the past month is associated with decreases in oral health (OH) care utilization and poorer OH outcomes.
Material and Methods
Adjusted logistic regression models were developed with poor MH days as the exposure to predict two dependent variables (DVs): Most recent dental visit longer than one year ago (yes/no), and having lost 6 or more teeth (yes/no).
Results
Approximately one third (32%) reported most recent dental visit more than one year ago, and 17% had lost 6 or more teeth. Those in the second quartile of poor MH days had 11% higher odds of delayed dental visit, and those in the highest quartile had 26% higher odds, compared to the reference group. For having lost 6 or more teeth, compared to the reference group, those in the third quartile had 8% higher odds and those in the fourth quartile had 18% higher odds.
Conclusions
Poor MH days is an independent predictor of poor OH utilization and OH in the US above and beyond diagnosed mental and physical conditions.
Clinical Relevance:
Policymakers in the US should expand health insurance plans to include dental insurance, and should increase access to MH care, especially for the aging population, and those with chronic conditions.
Deciphering colonies of phenotypic switching-derived morphotypes of the pathogenic yeast Candida tropicalis
Authors: Souza Cassia Milena , Moralez Alane Tatiana , Santos Murilo Moreira , Mantovani Mario Sergio , Furlaneto-Maia Luciana , Furlaneto Marcia Cristina 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Phenotypic switching generates fungal colonies with altered morphology and allows pathogens to adapt to changing environments. Objective This study investigated the structure of switched colonies in Candida tropicalis. Methods The switched variant strains (crepe and rough) were analyzed for colony morphology at the ultrastructural level-SEM. The distribution and composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) were evaluated. The percentage of hyphae was determined by direct counting using light microscopy. The gene expression for these responses was measured by RT-qPCR. Results The macromorphology of the switched variants exhibited high complexity, showing depressions, irregular edges, and a greater amount of ECM than the original strain. In addition, rough variant colonies showed higher amounts of total carbohydrates and proteins in ECM (p<0.05). We also observed a positive correlation between BCR1 (Biofilm cell regulator) gene expression and carbohydrate content in the rough variant (Pearson Correlation r²=0.9885, p=0.0483). Structured colonies exhibited a higher percentage of hyphae throughout their development (p<0.05). EFG1 (Enhanced filamentous growth protein 1) and WOR1 (White-opaque regulator 1) gene expression were positively correlated to the hyphae formation profile of the structured and unstructured (original strain) patterns (r²>0.7673, p<0.05). Conclusion Structural variations in switched morphotypes colonies of C. tropicalis are associated with increased hyphae growth and distinction in composition and distribution of ECM. Switched phenotypes exhibit features that may contribute to the success of infection associated with C. tropicalis.
Prediction of dry matter intake and gross feed efficiency using milk production and live weight in first-parity Holstein cows
Authors: Madilindi Matome Andrias , Banga Cuthbert Baldwin , Zishiri Oliver Tendai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Direct measurement of dry matter intake (DMI) presents a major challenge in estimating gross feed efficiency (GFE) in dairy cattle. This challenge can, however, be resolved through the prediction of DMI and GFE from easy to measure traits such as milk production (i.e. milk yield, energy-corrected milk (ECM), butterfat, protein, lactose) and live weight (LW). The main objective of this study was, therefore, to investigate the feasibility of predicting dry matter intake and gross feed efficiency for first-parity Holstein cows using milk production traits and LW. Data comprised of 30 daily measurements of DMI and milk production traits, and 25 daily LW records of a group of 100 first-parity Holstein cows, fed a total mixed ration. Gross feed efficiency was calculated as kg ECM divided by kg DMI. The initial step was to estimate correlations of milk production traits and LW with DMI and GFE, to identify the best potential predictors of DMI and GFE. Subsequently, a forward stepwise regression analysis was used to develop models to predict DMI and GFE from LW and milk production traits, followed by within-herd validations. Means for DMI, butterfat yield (BFY) and LW were 21.91 ± 2.77 kg/day, 0.95±0.14 kg/day and 572±15.58 kg/day, respectively. Mean GFE was 1.32 ± 0.22. Dry matter intake had positive correlations with milk yield (MY) (r = 0.32, p < 0.001) and LW (r = 0.76, p < 0.0001) and an antagonistic association with butterfat percent (BFP) (r = -0.55, p < 0.001). On the other hand, GFE was positively associated with MY (r = 0.36, p < 0.001), BFP (r = 0.53, p < 0.001) and BFY (r = 0.83, p < 0.0001), and negatively correlated with LW (r = -0.23, p > 0.05). Dry matter intake was predicted reliably by a model comprising of only LW and MY [R2 = 0.79; root mean squared error (RMSE) = 1.05 kg/day]. A model that included BFY, MY and LW had the highest ability to predict GFE (R2 = 0.98; RMSE = 0.05). Live weight and BFY were the main predictor traits for DMI and GFE, respectively. The best models for predicting DMI and GFE were: DMI (kg/day) = -54.21 - 0.192 x MY (kg/day) + 0.146 x LW (kg/day) and GFE (kg/day) = 4.120 + 0.024 x MY (kg/day) + 1.000 x BFY (kg/day) - 0.008 x LW (kg/day). Thus, daily DMI (kg/day) and GFE can be reliably predicted from LW and milk production traits using these developed models in first-parity Holstein cows. This presents a big promise to generate large quantities of data of individual cow DMI and GFE, which can be used to implement genetic improvement of feed efficiency.
Feasibility study of indocyanine green for visualizing malignant lesions in colitis-associated colorectal cancer patients with real-time fluorescence endoscopy
Authors: Kim Jinhyeon , Kim Hajung , Yoon Yong Sik , Kim Chan Wook , Hong Seung-Mo , Kim Sungjee , Choi Doowon , Chun Jihyun , Byeon Jeong-Sik , Ye Byong Duk , Yang Suk-Kyun , Kim Sun Young , Myung Seung-Jae 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Indocyanine green (ICG) has been used in clinical practice for more than 40 years and its safety and preferential accumulation of ICG in tumors has been reported for various tumor types, including colon cancer. However, reports on the clinical assessments of ICG-based molecular endoscopy imaging for pre-cancerous lesions are scarce. Therefore, we determined the percent visualization ability of ICG endoscopy in colitis-associated colon cancer using 30 lesions from an animal model and 16 patient tissues. ICG could detect 100% of carcinoma, 90% adenoma, and 57.1% dysplasia, with little background signal at 30 min after injection via real-time fluorescence endoscopy. Correlation analysis of ICG fluorescence intensity and cancer specific molecules revealed a positive correlation of ICG with c-Met and iNOS (r > 0.5). A high level of iNOS expression increased the cellular nitric oxide in cancer cells than that in normal cells, which was related to the inhibition of drug efflux via ABCB1 transporter down regulation resulted to delayed retention of intracellular ICG. These findings highlight the feasibility of ICG as a detector of pre-cancerous lesions in real-time fluorescence endoscopy and suggest that the mechanism of ICG retention in cancer cells is related with intracellular nitric oxide concentration.
Effects of channel contour laser strategies on fatigue properties and residual stresses of laser powder bed printed maraging steel
Authors: Grosjean Christophe , Borneat Jean-Christophe , Hauteville Robin , Lefebvre Fabien , Joffre Thomas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Laser-Powder Bed Fusion is widely used for tooling applications, such as mold insert: conformal cooling channels are designed to decrease cycling time and homogenize the cooling rate. The Achilles' heel of AM mold is the cooling channels close to the surface which generate high stress concentration and are not machined; as a result, they create weaknesses in the part and are likely to reduce the lifespan of the mold. It is necessary to study the impact of such channels on properties (fatigue, residual stresses, microstructure) and determine optimized laser strategies to reduce porosity that may occur near a contour. Residual stresses were first estimated above an internal channel after different heat treatments and fatigue specimens were printed with a 3 mm diameter channel on an EOS M270 printer using different strategies such as several contours with a concentric offset. The impact of these strategies on fatigue properties were analysed through microstructural observations. Here, it was found that a double contour with an offset improved the fatigue life of the part by more than 10 times compared to the standard single contour strategy.
Association among health promoting lifestyle, self-care agency and health-related quality of life in Bai ethnic elderly patients with hypertension in Yunnan Province
Authors: Du Mengqi , Kong Hongqian , Ran Lingyun , Ran Yuanyuan , Bai Lexiao , Du Yongxue , Guan Hongxue , Dong Yong , Zhao Ying 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this research was to explore the association among health promoting lifestyle, self-care agency and health-related quality of life in Bai ethnic elderly patients with hypertension, as well as the related factors of hypertension self-care abilities. Methods: A total of 472 Bai ethnic hypertension elderly were enrolled into this study voluntarily from 5 rural communities of Bai ethnic group. The Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale (ESCAS) was to employed to assess Self-care ability of hypertension for the subjects, Health-promoting lifestyle profile Ⅱ(HPLP-Ⅱ) was utilized to evaluate the health behavior, and MOS 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) were chosen to assess the HRQOL for the studying population. All descriptive analyses, including demographic characteristics, socio-economic status and clinical characteristics were stratified by Bai hypertensive elderly. Pearson correlation analysis model was used to examine the association among health promoting lifestyle, self-care agency and health-related quality of life in Bai ethnic elderly with hypertension. Multiple linear regression analysis model was used to investigate the influencing factors of SF-36 scale. Results: The HPLP-Ⅱ, ESCA and of HRQOL levels of the subjects were not favorable, and the mean HPLP and ESCA scores had no significant statistical variance among different age groups. Significant statistical differences were found on Bai elderly subjects in the domain of PF and PH as well as the overall score in SF-36(all P＜0.01), 60-64 year group had the highest score of above three domains in SF-36 than other age groups. The SF-36 scores were positively associated with HPLP and ESCA levels. Conclusion: The HPLP-Ⅱ, ESCA and of HRQOL levels of the Bai subjects were poor in the Bai ethnic hypertensive elderly. The HRQOL scores of subjects were positively connected with HPLP-Ⅱ, ESCA abilities. More attentions should be paid to the life-style, healthy behaviors, and self-care abilities improvements to enhance the better HRQOL of Bai minority elderly with hypertension.
TIMS: A Mixed Methods Evaluation of the Impact of Brief Audio Files Describing Patients as People on the Medical Staff in an ICU During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Tracey Elizabeth , Wilson Jason , Saylor Martha Abshire , Donohue Pamela , Stakias Argirios , Garibaldi Brian , Neeham Dale 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To examine how a novel intervention known as TIMS, for “This is My Story,” impacted clinicians caring for patients during the COVID-19 pandemic on the medical intensive care unit (MICU) at the Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH). Methods: TIMS is an audio file less than two minutes long, from an interview by a chaplain with a loved one of a patient with communications limitations. From March 30, 2021 through June 30, 2021, 57 loved ones of noncommunicative patients in the MICU participated in TIMS. A questionnaire was administered to MICU staff on their experience with TIMS files pre- and post-listening. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 17 staff. Results: Two of 57 (3.5%) loved ones declined, eight (14%) transferred, 2 (3.5%) died before the file was posted, leaving 45 (79%) having a completed file posted to the electronic medical record (EMR). A total of 97 and 88 pre- and post-listening questionnaires were completed. Responses indicated that the audio recording was appropriate and useful (98%), “considerably” increased staff empathy for the patient (74%), and thought it would “some” or “considerably” improve subsequent interactions with the patient’s loved ones (99%). The qualitative analysis found staff found the audio format easy to use and helpful to their clinical practice.Conclusion: TIMS (This is My Story) audio files, featuring a loved one of a patient with communications limitations describing the patient as a person, are an important addition to the EMR, enabling clinicians to practice with greater awareness and empathy for patients and families.
Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles through aqueous sol-gel route in acidic medium
Authors: Zahra Samreen , Bukhari Hamim , Qaisar Saboora , Sheikh Asma , Amin Athar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
This study is aimed to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles by acid catalyzed sol-gel process using zinc nitrate hexahydrate as precursor, aqueous isopropanol as solvent and glycerin as stabilizing agent. The optimum conditions for preparing the sol were kept at pH 1 and 70 ºC temperature with constant stirring for two hours. The gel obtained after drying the sol was calcined at various temperatures i.e. 500 ºC, 700 ºC and 900 ºC. The crystal structure of the samples was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Thermal stability was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry-thermogravimetric analysis (DSC-TGA). Infrared spectroscopy (IR) was employed to identify the surface hydroxyl groups whereas field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to study the surface morphology of nanoparticles.
Results
Results revealed the formation of hexagonal wurtzite structure of nanoparticles of size below 100 nm having flake-like morphology with a substantial increase in size of flakes with the increasing calcination temperature.
Conclusions
These results indicate that zinc oxide nanoflakes can be synthesized successfully by a simple, feasible and environment friendly process.
Analysis and comparison of anti-RBD neutralizing antibodies from AZD-1222, Sputnik V, Sinopharm and Covaxin vaccines and its relationship with age and gender among health care workers
Authors: Zare Hamed , Rezapour Hadis , Fereidouni Alireza , Nikpour Saboura , Mahmoudzadeh Sara , Royce Simon G , Fereidouni Mohammad 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Vaccine efficiency has a significant role in the public perception of vaccination. The current study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines (AZD-1222, Sputnik-V, Sinopharm, and Covaxin) and the effect of age and gender on vaccine efficacy. We evaluated the efficacy of these vaccine between 214 health care employees in Iran. Blood samples were taken from all participants at day 0 and 14 days after the second dose. Humoral responses were evaluated by SARS-CoV 2 Neutralization Ab Detection kit.
Results
The frequency of immunized individuals in the Sputnik V and AZD-1222 groups was 95% and 93%, respectively. This rate was 73% and 70% for Sinopharm and Covaxin vaccines. Comparison of the results obtained from the effectiveness of the vaccines between female and male groups did not demonstration a significant difference. Moreover, comparison of the results obtained from the effectiveness of vaccines between age groups showed that the rate of immunization in participants < 50 years was significantly higher than participants ≥ 50 years, in the case of Sputnik V and AZD-1222 vaccines.
Conclusions
According to the results, Sputnik V and AZD-1222 vaccines were more effective than Sinopharm and Covaxin vaccines. In addition, aging has a negative effect on the effectiveness of DNA-based vaccines.
Technical Analysis of Ikat from Xuwei No.1 Ancient Grave in Qinghai 1 Province, China
Authors: Liu Da-wei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A technical analysis of the ikat ancient grave-Xuwei No.1 excavated fabric from the Dulan site in 2018 is described in the paper. Using a microscope, the weave structure and fibre characteristics of the textile were examined, and it was determined that mulberry silk had been degummed for both the warp and weft yarns, and that warp-dying had been used to create the warp display pattern. Four colours distinguish the patterns: khaki, earth red, indigo blue, and pea green. In chromatographic testing, the dyes were determined to be Rubia tinctorum L., Phellodendron amurense Rupr., Indigo and their mixture of Phellodendron amurense Rupr and Indigo.Through the above research, combined with the burial age, geographical location and other factors, it is considered that the technology of the fabric has the characteristics of the Central Plains and comes from southern China.