bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Unusually Weak and Exceptionally Steep Radio Relic in A2108
Authors: Schellenberger Gerrit , Giacintucci Simona , Lovisari Lorenzo , O’Sullivan Ewan , Vrtilek Jan , David Laurence P. , Melin Jean-Baptiste , Lal Dharam Vir , Ettori Stefano , Kolokythas Konstantinos , Sereno Mauro , Raychaudhury Somak 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Mergers between galaxy clusters often drive shocks into the intracluster medium, the effects of which are sometimes visible via temperature and density jumps in the X-ray and via radio emission from relativistic particles energized by the shock’s passage. A2108 was selected as a likely merger system through comparing the X-ray luminosity to the Planck Sunyaev–Zeldovich signal, where this cluster appeared highly X-ray underluminous. Follow-up observations confirmed it to be a merging low-mass cluster featuring two distinct subclusters, both with a highly disturbed X-ray morphology. Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) data in bands 2, 3, & 4 (covering 120–750 MHz) show an extended radio feature resembling a radio relic near the location of a temperature discontinuity in the X-rays. We measure a Mach number from the X-ray temperature jump (



X

=
1.6
±
0.2

). Several characteristics of radio relics (location and morphology of extended radio emission) are found in A2108, making this cluster one of the few low-mass mergers (M
L−M = 1.8 ± 0.4 × 1014
M
⊙) likely hosting a radio relic. The radio spectrum is exceptionally steep (α = −2 at the lowest frequencies), and the radio power is very weak (P
1.4 GHz = 1 × 1022 W Hz−1). To account for the shock/relic offset, we propose a scenario in which the shock created the relic by re-accelerating a cloud of pre-existing relativistic electrons and then moved away, leaving behind a fading relic. The electron-aging timescale derived from the high-frequency steepening in the relic spectrum is consistent with the shock travel time to the observed X-ray discontinuity. However, the lower flux in GMRT band 4 data causing the steepening could be due to instrumental limitations and deeper radio data are needed to constrain the spectral slope of the relic at high frequencies. A background cluster, 4′ from the merger, may have contributed to the ROSAT and Planck signals, but SZ modeling shows that the merger system is still X-ray underluminous, supporting the use of this approach to identifying merger-disrupted clusters.
Collisionless Shocks in the Heliosphere: Foot Width Revisited
Authors: Balikhin Michael , Gedalin Michael 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
For single-point measurements of quasi-perpendicular shocks, analytical measurements of the foot width are often used to evaluate the velocity of the shock relative to the satellite. This velocity is of crucial importance for in situ observations because it enables the identification of the spatial scale of other regions of the shock front such as a magnetic ramp for which the comprehensive understanding of their formation is not yet achieved. Knowledge of the spatial scale is one of the key parameters for the validation of theoretical models that are developed to explain the formation of these regions. Previously available estimates of the foot width for a quasi-perpendicular shock are based on several simplifications such as zero upstream ion temperature and specular ion reflection by the cross-shock electrostatic potential. The occurrence of specular reflection implies high values of the cross-shock electrostatic potential that significantly exceed the values obtained from in situ measurements. In this paper the effects of nonzero ion temperature and nonspecular ion reflection on the foot width are investigated. It is shown that in the case of nonspecular reflection the foot width can be as small as half of the size of the standard widely used estimate. Results presented here enable more reliable identification of the shock velocity from single-point observations.
Variations of the Internal Asymmetries of Sunspot Groups during Their Decay
Authors: Muraközy Judit 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The aim of the present study is to show the varying asymmetries during the decay of sunspot groups. The source of input data is the SOHO/MDI-Debrecen Database sunspot catalog that contains the magnetic polarity data for time interval 1996–2010. Several types of asymmetries were examined on the selected sample of 142 sunspot groups. The leading–following asymmetry increases in three phases during the decay and exhibits anticorrelation with size. It is also related to a hemispheric asymmetry: during the decay, the area asymmetry index has higher values in the southern hemisphere, which may be due to the higher activity level in the southern hemisphere in cycle 23. The total umbral area is inversely proportional to the umbra/penumbra ratio, but it is directly proportional to the umbral decay rate. During the decay, the umbra/penumbra (U/P) ratio decreases unambiguously in the trailing parts but in most cases in the leading parts as well. The U/P variation is a consequence of the different depths of umbral and penumbral fields.
A Laboratory-driven Multiscale Investigation of X-Ray Induced Mass Loss and Photochemical Evolution in Cosmic Carbon and Silicate Dust
Authors: Gavilan Lisseth , Ho Phay J. , Gorti Uma , Ogasawara Hirohito , Jäger Cornelia , Salama Farid 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We present the results of an integrated laboratory and modeling investigation into the impact of stellar X-rays on cosmic dust. Carbonaceous grains were prepared in a cooled (<200 K) supersonic expansion from aromatic molecular precursors, and were later irradiated with 970 eV X-rays. Silicate (enstatite) grains were prepared via laser ablation, thermally annealed, and later irradiated with 500 eV X-rays. Infrared spectra of the 3.4 μm band of the carbon sample prepared with benzene revealed 84% ± 5% band area loss for an X-ray dose of 5.2 ×1023 eV.cm−2. Infrared spectra of the 8–12 μm Si–O band of the silicate sample revealed band area loss up to 63% ± 5% for doses of 2.3 × 1023 eV.cm−2. A hybrid Monte Carlo particle trajectory approach was used to model the impact of X-rays and ensuing photoelectrons, Auger and collisionally ionized electrons through the bulk. As a result of X-ray ionization and ensuing Coulomb explosions on surface molecules, the calculated mass loss is 60% for the carbonaceous sample and 46% for the silicate sample, within a factor of 2 of the IR band loss, supporting an X-ray induced mass-loss mechanism. We apply the laboratory X-ray destruction rates to estimate the lifetimes of dust grains in protoplanetary disks surrounding 1 M
⊙ and 0.1 M
⊙ G and M stars. In both cases, X-ray destruction timescales are short (a few million years) at the disk surface, but are found to be much longer than typical disk lifetimes (≳10 Myr) over the disk bulk.
Constraints on Hadronic Contributions to LHAASO Sources with Neutrino Observations
Authors: Huang Tian-Qi , Li Zhuo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) detected 12 gamma-ray sources above 100 TeV, which are the possible origins of Galactic cosmic-rays. We summarize the neutrino measurements by IceCube and ANTARES in the vicinity of LHAASO sources to constrain the contribution of hadronic gamma-rays in these sources. We find that the current observations constrain hadronic gamma-rays to contribute no more than ∼60% of the gamma-rays from the Crab Nebula. Gamma-rays from two LHAASO sources, LHAASO J1825−1326 and LHAASO J1907+0626, are dominated by leptonic components up to ∼200 TeV, under the hypotheses in the analysis by IceCube. The uncertainties of the constraint on the hadronic gamma-ray emission are discussed. We also constrain the total 100 TeV gamma-ray emission from TeV pulsar wind nebulae by relying on the remarkable sensitivity of LHAASO at that energy.
Hate speech analysis as a function of ideology: Emotional and cognitive effects
Authors: Abuín-Vences Natalia , Cuesta-Cambra Ubaldo , Niño-González José-Ignacio , Bengochea-González Carolina 
Published: January 2022

Hate speech is a major problem, especially in the political environment, where it generates polarization and social conflict. There are no experimental laboratory studies that have analyzed the mechanisms of action of hate speech using biometric records to evaluate the implicit negative emotion caused by these discourses, despite the essential importance of emotion in this problem. This work investigates the interaction between the ideology of the source and the audience (progressive vs. conservative) and the type of message (hate vs. non-hate) on cognitions (perception of the veracity of the message and the source) and negative emotion (biometric and self-reported). Biometric emotion was assessed by recording heart rate variability and electrodermal response. The results highlight the importance of evaluating implicit biometric responses that reveal inaccessible data with other methodologies: conservatives show more emotion in their biometric records than in self-reported ones. With these measures, hate desensitization effects are also detected in both audiences. With self-reported measures, more negative emotion is detected in progressive audiences only when the source is contrary to their ideology; on the other hand, conservatives show less negative emotion in all cases. These results are interpreted as a consequence of normative pressure and endogroup cognitive biases.
El discurso de odio constituye un importante problema, especialmente en el entorno político, donde genera polarización y conflicto social. No existen trabajos experimentales de laboratorio que hayan analizado sus mecanismos de acción empleando registros biométricos para evaluar la emoción negativa implícita provocada por estos discursos, a pesar de la importancia esencial de la emoción en este problema. El objetivo de este trabajo es investigar, en una muestra universitaria, la interacción entre la ideología del emisor y el receptor (progresista vs. conservador) y el tipo de mensaje (odio vs. no-odio) sobre las cogniciones (percepción de credibilidad del mensaje y del emisor) y la emoción negativa (biométrica y auto-informada). La emoción biométrica se evaluó mediante registros de la variabilidad intercardíaca y la respuesta dermoeléctrica. Los resultados destacan la importancia de evaluar las respuestas biométricas implícitas que revelan datos inaccesibles con otras metodologías: los conservadores muestran mayor emoción en sus registros biométricos que en los auto-informados. También se detectan, con estas medidas, efectos de desensibilización del odio en ambas audiencias. Con medidas auto-informadas, se detecta mayor emoción negativa en las audiencias progresistas solo cuando el emisor es contrario a su ideología. En cambio, los conservadores manifiestan menor emoción negativa en todos los casos. Se interpretan estos resultados como consecuencia de la presión normativa y de sesgos endogrupales de conformidad.
Twitter and human trafficking: Purposes, actors and topics in the Spanish-speaking scene
Authors: Sierra-Rodríguez Alba , Arroyo-Machado Wenceslao , Barroso-Hurtado Domingo 
Published: January 2022

Human trafficking is a phenomenon linked to several forms of exploitation, such as sexual exploitation, forced labour, forced marriage, begging, forced criminal activity, or organ removal. There are different debates about a potential overrepresentation of some of these exploitation purposes, such as the sexual one, in the discourses underlying international regulations, news or institutional campaigns. This may have consequences on the identification of some of the population affected by this phenomenon and the assistance provided to them. The aim of this paper is to analyse the temporal evolution of the purposes of exploitation, actors and topics most represented in the activity on human trafficking and exploitation on Twitter during the 2011-2020 period. The results show that sexual exploitation is the purpose most represented in Twitter activity and the fact that international organisations and the criminal prosecution of the crime of human trafficking have progressively become more relevant. Furthermore, the networks of topics suggest that sexual exploitation seems to be linked to the notion of prostitution. This may have consequences for the displacement of other purposes of exploitation or the approaches centred on the promotion of human rights to less relevant positions, as well as for the construction of certain images of victims of human trafficking.La trata de personas es un fenómeno vinculado a diferentes finalidades de explotación, como la sexual, laboral, para el matrimonio, la mendicidad, la comisión de delitos o la extracción de órganos. Existen numerosos debates que remiten a una posible sobrerrepresentación de algunas de estas finalidades, como la sexual, en los discursos presentes en normativa internacional, prensa escrita o campañas institucionales. Esto puede derivar en posibles consecuencias sobre la detección de parte de la población afectada por este fenómeno y la atención que se le proporciona. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la evolución temporal de las finalidades de explotación, actores y temas más representados en la actividad sobre trata de personas y explotación acontecida en Twitter durante el periodo 2011-2020. Los resultados arrojan que la explotación sexual es aquella con una mayor presencia en la actividad en esta red social, así como que los organismos internacionales y la persecución penal del delito de trata se tornan progresivamente más relevantes. Además, las redes de comunidades de temas analizadas sugieren que la explotación sexual parece estar vinculada a la idea de prostitución en los tuits publicados. Todo ello puede tener consecuencias sobre el desplazamiento de otras finalidades de explotación o de enfoques como los centrados en la promoción de Derechos Humanos a posiciones menos relevantes, así como sobre la construcción de determinadas imágenes de víctimas de este fenómeno.
The relationship of Twitter with teacher credibility and motivation in university students
Authors: Froment Facundo , García-González Alfonso-Javier , Cabero-Almenara Julio 
Published: January 2022

This paper aimed to analyse the perceptions of university students in relation to the credibility of university instructors according to the tweets posted on their Twitter profiles and the academic motivation that these can generate. Thus, students' perceptions of teacher credibility are affected by what instructors post on their social media profiles. The participants in the study were 166 students from the Faculty of Education Sciences at the University of Seville, carried out using a quasi-experimental methodology for which three Twitter profiles for a university professor were created with professional, social and mixed content. For the analysis of the results, normality and homoscedasticity tests were carried out on the sample to decide which statistical tests to use. The most salient results indicated that students perceived the professional profile as more competent, more caring, and more trustworthy, followed by the mixed profile and, lastly, by the social profile. Positive correlations were also found between students who perceived the university professor as reflected in the professional profile as credible in their academic motivation. The findings and their practical implications for instructors are discussed in terms of how they can incorporate Twitter into their teaching, considering the needs of their students to enhance their learning.El presente trabajo pretendió analizar las percepciones del alumnado universitario en relación con la credibilidad del profesorado universitario según los tweets publicados en sus perfiles de Twitter y con la motivación académica que estos pueden generar. Así, las percepciones de los estudiantes sobre la credibilidad de los docentes se ven afectadas por lo que estos publican en sus perfiles de redes sociales. Los participantes del estudio fueron 166 estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Sevilla, llevándose a cabo mediante metodología cuasiexperimental para lo que se crearon tres cuentas de Twitter de una profesora universitaria con contenido profesional, social y mixto. Para el análisis de resultados se ejecutaron pruebas de normalidad y homoscedasticidad de la muestra para decidir las pruebas estadísticas a emplear. Los resultados más destacados indicaron que los estudiantes percibieron como más competentes, con mejor voluntad y más confiables los perfiles profesionales, seguidos de los perfiles mixtos y, en último lugar, de los perfiles sociales. Asimismo, se encontraron correlaciones positivas entre los estudiantes que percibieron a la profesora universitaria del perfil profesional como creíble y su motivación académica. Se discutieron los hallazgos logrados y sus implicaciones prácticas para los docentes en cuanto que pueden incorporar Twitter en su docencia, considerando las necesidades de sus estudiantes para potenciar su aprendizaje.
Art and Aesthetics in Sustainability Education Insights into Beautifying Management Education with François Jullien
Authors: Persson Sybille , Shrivastava Paul , Zsolnai Laszlo 
Published: January 2022

La beauté se déploie conceptuellement dans les champs de l’art et de l’esthétique, en Occident comme en Orient, même si la perspective chinoise est souvent ignorée en éducation. Par ailleurs, les pratiques esthétiques sont de plus en plus utilisées dans la formation au management. Le but de cet article théorique est de questionner les bases conceptuelles des pratiques dans le champ de la formation en lien avec un développement durable. Notre approche se caractérise par le dialogue ouvert avec la conception chinoise en art et esthétique, dans ses connections nourrissantes avec le vivant. La prise en compte des deux conceptions, occidentale et chinoise, permet de dépasser l’approche européenne dominante et d’éviter une lecture ethnocentrique pour offrir un éclairage pertinent à un « embellissement » de la formation au management. Trois étapes scandent cet article conceptuel sur les enjeux du beau au service du développement durable. Nous présentons et analysons d’abord le cas ARTEM et ses 20 années d’expérience dans le champ de l’enseignement supérieur en France. Nous questionnons ensuite le concept du beau en vis-à-vis de la conception chinoise avec le philosophe et sinologue François Jullien. Enfin, nous analysons le potentiel esthétique pour vivifier durablement la formation au management. Le concept du beau associé à celui de connivence peut servir un processus vivifiant d’embellissement du management et de la formation. La connivence stimule une connaissance sensorielle et relationnelle, particulièrement adaptée pour comprendre et mobiliser les pratiques esthétiques en matière de développement durable.
PHÂN TÍCH ĐẶC TÍNH KHÍ ĐỘNG LỰC XE TIẾT KIỆM NHIÊN LIỆU THAM GIA CUỘC THI HONDA EMC
Authors: ĐẶNG TIẾN PHÚC  
Published: January 2022

Bài báo này trình bày nghiên cứu đặc tính khí động lực học xe tiết kiệm nhiên liệu tham gia cuộc thi Honda EMC thông qua phân tích mô hình xe ba bánh. Tác giả sử dụng phương trình RANS kết hợp mô hình rối Realizable trong phần mềm thương mại Ansys Fluent để mô phỏng đặc tính khí động lực học mô hình xe ba bánh. Bài báo trình bày phương pháp và kết quả mô phỏng sự phân bố áp suất, sự phân bố vận tốc quanh mô hình. Kết quả nghiên cứu được thể hiện thông qua các hình ảnh và giá trị mô phỏng tính toán Cd đồng thời giúp hiểu rõ hơn đặc tính khí động lực học quanh mô hình xe ba bánh tham gia cuộc thi Honda EMC.
Efectividad del programa “IVAA-SCHILLER” en prevención secundaria de cáncer cervical en estudiantes de obstetricia Universidad Roosevelt, Huancayo-2021
Authors: Suárez Reynoso Liz Miriam , Aliaga Salguero Javier Juan 
Published: January 2022

Objetivos: Determinar la influencia del programa “IVAA-SCHILLER” en prevención secundaria de cáncer cervical en estudiantes del VII y VIII semestre de la Escuela Profesional de Obstetricia de la Universidad Privada de Huancayo Franklin Roosevelt-2021. Material y métodos: se consideró el método científico, de tipo aplicada, con diseño pre-experimental con pre y post test, la población estuvo conformada por 80 estudiantes del VII y VIII semestre; la muestra fue de 57 estudiantes determinada por conveniencia; como técnica la encuesta y como instrumento el cuestionario, los Resultados: de la prueba de entrada, se observó que el 8,8% de los estudiantes lograron el puntaje de 6, el 1,8% alcanzaron puntajes de 7 y 15, además el 12,3% lograron el puntaje de 8, el 15,8% lograron el puntaje de 9, el 21,1% alcanzaron el puntaje de 10, el 3,5% alcanzaron puntajes de 13 y 14 respectivamente; con respecto a la prueba de salida, el 17,5% lograron puntajes de 10, 11 y 15, el 36,8% obtuvieron puntaje de 12, el 10,5% lograron el puntaje de 14. Conclusiones: existe diferencia estadísticamente significativa de promedios en la población entre la prueba de entrada y prueba de salida; por lo tanto; se acepta la hipótesis alterna (Ha).
Polifarmacia y calidad de vida en adultos mayores del Centro Residencial Beneficencia de Huancayo
Authors: Calle Vilca Mónica Alejandra , Mendoza Gutierrez Lizzy Jeanette , Andamayo Flores Diana Esmeralda , Junchaya Yllescas Vilma Amparo 
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Determinar la relación de polifarmacia con la calidad de vida en adultos mayores del centro de atención residencial San Vicente de Paúl de la sociedad de beneficencia de Huancayo. Material y Métodos: El tipo de investigación es básica, descriptivo, transversal de diseño no experimental basado en la recopilación de información de las fichas clínicas y encuestas, la población fue de 40 adultos mayores. Resultados: Se encontró que existe relación entre la polifarmacia y la calidad de vida, la frecuencia de polifarmacia es del 92,5%, el nivel de adherencia es de 100%, la valoración global de la calidad de vida tiene un valor 54,83. Conclusiones: La polifarmacia afecta la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores, se tiene una frecuencia elevada de polifarmacia y calidad de vida en un estado regular.
Factores de comorbilidad y secuelas de covid 19 en trabajadores de un hospital nacional de Huancayo 2021
Authors: Tello Carhuanca Rebeca , De La Calle Castro Anahi Indira , Villegas Félix Teresa Leonor , Suasnabar Cueva Edith 
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Determinar la relación de los Factores de Comorbilidad y Secuelas de Covid 19 en trabajadores de un Hospital Nacional de Huancayo 2021. Material y Métodos: El método de esta investigación fue científico, de tipo básico, nivel descriptivo correlacional, diseño no experimental, de corte transversal. La muestra de estudio calculada probabilísticamente fue de 137 trabajadores. Resultados: El 52,6% de los pacientes tuvieron COVID-19, la mayoría leve (51,8%), y severo el 14,6%, el 81,8% tuvieron contacto con los pacientes, el 58,4% cree que se contagió en el hospital, recibió atención en su casa el 43,8% y en un hospital general el 29,9%. La mayoría tenía entre 31 y 40 años (35,8%) seguido de 41 y 50 años (30,7), fueron de sexo masculino (60,6%). Entre los factores de comorbilidad tenían: sobrepeso el 65%, diabetes el 8%, VIH 0%, cardiopatías el 3% asma al 10,2%, y enfermedades renales el 1,5%. La mayoría no tenía secuelas del aparato respiratorio (40,9%), tampoco cardiovasculares (86,9%), ni secuelas psicológicas (89,1%) tampoco dermatológicas (47,4%). En relación a las secuelas neuropsiquiátricas se observa que tuvieron pérdida de olfato el 4,4%, cefalea el 50,4%; cambios de humor 15,3%; disfunción neuromuscular 0,7%; dificultad para pensar o concentrarse el 8.8%; depresión 40,9%; ansiedad 9,5%; dolor muscular 10,2%. Conclusiones: Existe relación entre los factores de Comorbilidad y secuelas relacionados con el Covid 19 en trabajadores de un Hospital Nacional de Huancayo 2021 (p valor=0,007<0,05).