bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generating Operative Workflows for Vestibular Schwannoma Resection: A Two-Stage Delphi's Consensus in Collaboration with the British Skull Base Society. Part 1: The Retrosigmoid Approach
Authors: Layard Horsfall Hugo , Khan Danyal Z. , Collins Justin , Cooke Stephen , Freeman Simon R. , Gurusinghe Nihal , Hampton Susie , Hardwidge Carl , Irving Richard , Kitchen Neil , King Andrew , Khalil Sherif , Koh Chan H. , Leonard Colin , Marcus Hani J. , Muirhead William , Obholzer Rupert , Pathmanaban Omar , Robertson Iain J. A. , Shapey Jonathan , Stoyanov Danail , Teo Mario , Tysome James R. , Saeed Shakeel R. , Grover Patrick 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective An operative workflow systematically compartmentalizes operations into hierarchal components of phases, steps, instrument, technique errors, and event errors. Operative workflow provides a foundation for education, training, and understanding of surgical variation. In this Part 1, we present a codified operative workflow for the retrosigmoid approach to vestibular schwannoma resection.
Methods A mixed-method consensus process of literature review, small-group Delphi's consensus, followed by a national Delphi's consensus, was performed in collaboration with British Skull Base Society (BSBS). Each Delphi's round was repeated until data saturation and over 90% consensus was reached.
Results Eighteen consultant skull base surgeons (10 neurosurgeons and 8 ENT [ear, nose, and throat]) with median 17.9 years of experience (interquartile range: 17.5 years) of independent practice participated. There was a 100% response rate across both Delphi's rounds. The operative workflow for the retrosigmoid approach contained three phases and 40 unique steps as follows: phase 1, approach and exposure; phase 2, tumor debulking and excision; phase 3, closure. For the retrosigmoid approach, technique, and event error for each operative step was also described.
Conclusion We present Part 1 of a national, multicenter, consensus-derived, codified operative workflow for the retrosigmoid approach to vestibular schwannomas that encompasses phases, steps, instruments, technique errors, and event errors. The codified retrosigmoid approach presented in this manuscript can serve as foundational research for future work, such as operative workflow analysis or neurosurgical simulation and education.
Aerobic Photooxidation of Toluene Derivatives into Carboxylic Acids with Bromine–Water under Catalyst-Free Conditions
Authors: Kirihara Masayuki , Kimura Yoshikazu , Sakamoto Yugo , Yamahara Sho , Kitajima Atsuhito , Kugisaki Naoki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe photoirradiation of toluene derivatives with two equivalents of bromine in benzotrifluoride–water provided a satisfactory yield of the corresponding benzoic acid derivatives. Either a fluorescent lamp, blue LED (454 nm), or UV LED (385 nm) was used for the photoreaction. The reaction pathway might proceed through the dibromination of benzylic carbon, generation of the benzylic radical via oxidative C–H abstraction, formation of benzoyl bromide, and hydrolysis of carboxylic acid.
Case for More Autologous Transplants in Myeloma in Resource-Constrained Settings
Authors: Singh Suvir , Sharma Rintu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMultiple myeloma is characterized by a near universal risk of relapse. Autologous stem cell transplantation provides a significant progression free survival benefit but is under utilized worldwide. We provide a small snapshot of why ASCT assumes greater importance in resource-constrained settings.
Evaluation of Effectiveness of Preemptive Intravenous Analgesics versus Postoperative TAP Block in Unilateral Inguinal Hernioplasty—A Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Navya C. N. , Srisanthanakrishnan V. , Safneedha P. M. , Ranganathan V. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to compare the extent of analgesia in terms of duration of analgesia and requirement of postoperative analgesics with preemptive analgesia and transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in patients undergoing inguinal hernioplasty.
Materials and Methods Ninety male patients aged between 18 and 65 years of American Society of Anesthesiologists grades I and II undergoing open inguinal hernioplasty were randomly allocated to three comparable groups of 30 each. Control group (group C) received normal saline; preemptive group (group P) received inj. paracetamol, inj. diclofenac, and inj. Lignocaine; and TAP group (group T) received TAP block with 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine at the end of surgery. Parameters recorded were verbal numerical rating scale (VNRS) at rest at 4, 12, 24, and 48 hours and VNRS on movement at 12, 24, and 48 hours; heart rate and mean arterial pressure at 0, 4, 12, and 48 hours; time for first analgesic request; and total doses of analgesics consumed at 24 hours.
Results Demographic data were comparable. VNRS on movement and number of doses of analgesics consumed at 24 hours were statistically less in group T (4.80 ± .761 hours); time for first request of analgesia was longer and this group had better patient satisfaction scores compared with other groups.
Conclusion Both groups P and T provided better VNRS scores compared with group C. TAP block provided better VNRS scores on movement at 24 hours, lesser analgesic requirement, and better patient satisfaction score compared with other groups.
Risk Factors of Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Disease in Geriatric Evaluated Using Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (IMT) Measurement, the First Indonesian Population Study
Authors: Pratama Dedy , Rahmaditya Fajar Satria , Utama Alexander Jayadi , Suhartono Raden , Muradi Akhmadu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCarotid artery disease in geriatric is one of the important etiologies of stroke, which topped the cause of mortality in Indonesia. Specific prevention should be done as early as asymptomatic disease occurred. Initial assessment can be performed using ultrasound by measuring the intima-media thickness (IMT) of carotid artery, which can evaluate earlier progression of the atherosclerosis process. Unfortunately, we do not have risk factors categorization that show us which geriatric population fall under high-risk stratification to be screened. Study was done to Indonesian geriatric population. Asymptomatic carotid disease was tested positive if IMT was > 0.9 mm without any previous neurological symptoms. Correlation of the result was statistically tested with risk factors of atherosclerotic process, such as sex, body mass index, presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia. Study obtained 104 subjects and showed the prevalence of asymptomatic carotid disease was 37.5%. Two risk factors: diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia were statistically significant (p = 0.01) with odds ratio (OR) 3.56 (1.31–9.64, 95% confidence interval [CI]) and OR 2.85 (1.25–6.51, CI 95%), respectively. Logistic regression showed the risk was 69.2% by having two of these comorbidities, 47.2 or 42.5% if diabetes mellitus or hypercholesterolemia was present. As diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia were proved to be significant risk factors for asymptomatic carotid artery disease, we recommend performing ultrasound screening to measure carotid artery IMT for geriatric population who had diabetes mellitus and/or hypercholesterolemia for asymptomatic carotid artery disease to be diagnosed and further treated.
The Relationship between Pathological Features and 18F-FDG PET/CT that Changed the Surgeon's Decision as Neoadjuvant Therapy in Breast Cancer
Authors: Edizsoy Akay , Dağ Ahmet , Özcan Pınar Pelin , Koç Zehra Pınar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective Patients diagnosed with breast cancer and decided to undergo surgical treatment can undergo neoadjuvant therapy following their 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) findings. The present study aims to determine the statistical significance of these patients whose treatment plan was changed and the reasons for the change in the plan.
Materials and Methods The demographic features and treatment plans of 151 cases who were diagnosed with any stage of breast cancer were evaluated. These patients consist of those who admitted to Mersin University Hospital Breast Outpatient Clinic between January 2016 and December 2019. All of these patients aged between 41 and 85 years were examined with 18F-FDG PET/CT after the decision for surgical treatment is made. The analysis included tumor pathology, side, type, subtype, size, and centricity in this study.
Results About 18.5% (n = 28) of patients' treatment plan was changed after 18F-FDG PET/CT. They received neoadjuvant therapy. About 81.5% (n = 123) of patients did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. Significant differences were observed between patients changed treatment plan and not changed concerning age, lymph node involvement, tumor size, centricity, and subtypes parameters.
Conclusion Conventional imaging examinations are used in patients with breast cancer. These examinations may not be sufficient to determine advanced disease requiring neoadjuvant treatment. With 18F-FDG PET/CT examination, these advanced stage patients are not overlooked. In our study, approximately one in five patients, treatment plan changed after 18F-FDG PET/CT examination.
Cleft Hand—Our Experience of Five Cases
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Aggarwal Krittika , Beniwal Meenu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction Hand helps us perform our work and express ourselves. Cleft hand is an aesthetic deformity rather than functional. We document our experience in five such cases from the ages of 3 to 5 years who underwent reconstruction under general anesthesia.
Materials and Methods Three patients underwent Snow–Littler procedure, one underwent osteotomy for angled metacarpal and transverse metacarpal ligament reconstruction, and one underwent removal of transverse bone and transverse metacarpal ligament reconstruction. Splintage was done for 6 to 8 weeks and physiotherapy started. Function was assessed at 6 months.
Results The operating time ranged from 2 to 3 hours. No major postoperative complications were noted. The parents' satisfaction was excellent at 6 months. None of the patients needed revision surgery for recurrence or first web space widening.
Conclusion Cleft hand needs to be analyzed for the adequacy of first web space. The reconstruction is aimed at functional first web space and cleft closure for providing better aesthetic results.
The Cost Effectiveness of Implementation of a Postoperative Endocrinopathy Management Protocol after Resection of Pituitary Adenomas
Authors: Benjamin Carolina G. , Dastagirzada Yosef , Bevilacqua Julia , Kurland David B. , Fujita Kevin , Sen Chandra , Golfinos John G. , Placantonakis Dimitris G. , Jafar Jafar J. , Lieberman Seth , Lebowitz Richard , Lewis Ariane , Agrawal Nidhi , Pacione Donato 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose After developing a protocol for evaluating, diagnosing, and treating postoperative endocrinopathy both during the hospitalization and during the immediate discharge period following resection of pituitary adenomas, we sought to assess the impact of this protocol on quality outcomes.
Methods An IRB-exempt, quality improvement initiated, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)-compliant retrospective comparison of a pre-and-post-protocol cohort of all patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal resection of pituitary adenomas at NYU Langone Medical Center from January 2013 to December 2018. Demographic characteristics of the patients and their tumors with their postoperative outcomes were recorded. Quality outcomes regarding number of laboratory studies sent, rate of diabetes insipidus, length of stay, and readmission rate were also recorded. Statistical analysis was performed between the pre- and post-protocol groups.
Results There was a significant reduction in laboratory studies sent per patient (55.66 vs. 18.82, p <0.001). This corresponded with an overall cost reduction in laboratory studies of $255.95 per patient. There was a decrease in the overall number of patients treated with DDAVP (21.4% in the pre-protocol group vs. 8.9% in the post-protocol group, p = 0.04). All post-protocol patients requiring DDAVP at discharge were identified by 48 hours. There was no significant change in length of stay or need for hydrocortisone supplementation postoperatively between the two groups. Length of stay was driven mostly by need for reoperation during initial hospitalization. There was no significant change in the rate of 30-day readmission.
Conclusion Implementation of a postoperative management protocol results in a more efficient diagnosis and management of endocrinopathy after pituitary adenoma surgery which translates to decreased cost.
Arthroscopic Capsular Shrinkage Is Safe and Effective in the Treatment of Midcarpal Instability in a Pediatric Population: A Single-Center Experience of 51 Cases
Authors: Wharton Rupert M. H. , Lindau Tommy R. , Oestreich Kerstin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective Treatment of palmar midcarpal instability (PMCI) remains controversial and children can develop PMCI from asymptomatic hypermobility. Recently, case series have been published regarding the use of arthroscopic thermal shrinkage of the capsule in adults. Reports of the use of the technique in children and adolescents are rare, and there are no published case series.
Methods In a tertiary hand center for children's hand and wrist conditions, 51 patients were treated with arthroscopy for PMCI between 2014 and 2021. Eighteen out of 51 patients carried additional diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) or a congenital arthritis. Data were collected including range of movement, visual analog scale (VAS) at rest and with load, and grip strength. Data were used to determine the safety and efficacy of this treatment in pediatric and adolescent patients.
Results Mean follow-up was 11.9 months. The procedure was well tolerated and no complications were recorded. Range of movement was preserved postoperatively. In all groups VAS scores at rest and with load improved. Those who underwent arthroscopic capsular shrinkage (ACS) had significantly greater improvement in VAS with load, compared with those who underwent arthroscopic synovectomy alone (p = 0.04). Comparing those treated with underlying JIA versus those without, there was no difference in postoperative range of movement, but there was significantly greater improvement for the non-JIA group in terms of both VAS at rest (p = 0.02) and VAS with load (p = 0.02). Those with JIA and hypermobility stabilized postoperatively, and those with JIA with signs of early carpal collapse and no hypermobility achieved improved range of movement, in terms of flexion (p = 0.02), extension (p = 0.03), and radial deviation (p = 0.01).
Conclusion ACS is a well-tolerated, safe, and effective procedure for PMCI in children and adolescents. It improves pain and instability at rest and with load, and offers benefit over open synovectomy alone. This is the first case series describing the usefulness of the procedure in children and adolescents, and demonstrates effective use of the technique in experienced hands in a specialist center.
Level of Evidence This is a Level IV study.
The Surgical Treatment of Bilateral Accessory Extensor Carpi Ulnaris: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Prusmetikul Suwimol , Tawonsawatruk Tulyapruek 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSeveral abnormal pathologies, such as inflammation or degenerative change, can be causes of ulnar-sided wrist pain. This study demonstrated bilateral accessory extensor carpi ulnaris found in a patient who presented with bilateral wrist pain. The patient was initially treated with all conventional methods but failed to improve. Following the operation by releasing the sixth extensor compartment, the pain was completely relieved. The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score was remarkably improved and there was no limitation in daily living activities compared with preoperative status. We presented an uncommon condition of ulnar-sided wrist pain caused by bilateral accessory extensor carpi ulnaris which was successfully treated by releasing the extensor compartmental sheath without tendon resection.
Endoscopic Endonasal Transodontoid Treatment of a Ruptured Anterior Spinal Artery Aneurysm
Authors: Kulubya Edwin S. , Karnati Tejas , Thaci Bart , Cua David , Duong Huy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIsolated spinal artery aneurysms are a rare cause of intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). A 49-year-old female presented with severe headache. Initial imaging showed SAH and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), but no clear source of bleeding was identified. One week into being observed in the intensive care unit, she reported another severe headache. Computed tomography head showed more SAH and IVH. A second angiogram revealed a ruptured small anterior spinal artery (ASA) aneurysm at the craniocervical junction. She underwent a C1–2 fusion followed by an endoscopic endonasal transodontoid approach and wrapping of the ASA aneurysm. At 2 years' follow-up, there was no sign of aneurysm growth or rerupture. This is the first reported case of an endoscopic endonasal transodontoid approach to an aneurysm.
The importance of the Sustainable Development Goals to students of environmental and sustainability studies—a global survey in 41 countries
Authors: Kleespies Matthias Winfried , Dierkes Paul Wilhelm 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo fight the global problems of humanity, the United Nations has adopted 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). To achieve these goals, it is necessary that future decision-makers and stakeholders in society consider these goals to be important. Therefore, in this study, we examined how important students in 41 countries directly related to the environmental sector rated each of the 17 SDGs. Based on the analysis of these ratings, it was possible to categorize the SDGs into three higher-level factors that reflect the three pillars of sustainability (social, economic, environmental). These three pillars are considered to be of varying importance in different countries. We also correlated the ratings of these higher-level factors with country-specific indicators, such as the Human Development Index. The correlations between the indicators and the higher-level factors revealed that in countries with higher indices, the SDGs are rated as less important compared to in countries with lower indices. These results provide stakeholders with important guidance on how the SDGs should be promoted in their country.
HF, DF, TF: approximating potential curves, calculating rovibrational states
Authors: Angeles-Gantes Laura E , Olivares-Pilón Horacio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A simple analytical expression for the potential energy curve for the ground state X
1Σ+ of the hydrogen fluoride molecule HF obtained in the framework of the Born–Oppenheimer approximation is proposed. This analytical expression for the potential energy curve is based in the two point Padé approximation, which correctly reproduces the asymptotic behavior at small R → 0 and large R → ∞ internuclear distances, and position and depth of potential well, leading to the accuracy of 4–5 decimal digits when compared with experimental data. The rovibrational spectra of the diatomic molecule HF is calculated by solving the Schrödinger equation for nuclear motion using the Lagrange-mesh method. The ground state X
1Σ+ contains 21 vibrational states (ν, 0) and 724 rovibrational states (ν, L) with maximal angular momentum equal to 55. The change of reduced mass in the Schrödinger equation for nuclear motion allows us to obtain the rovibrational spectrum of the ground state potential curve of the deuterium fluoride DF (contains 29 vibrational states (ν, 0) and 1377 rovibrational states (ν, L)) and tritium fluoride TF (contains 35 vibrational states (ν, 0) and 1967 rovibrational states (ν, L)) with maximal angular momenta 76 and 92, respectively. Entire rovibrational spectra is presented for the HF molecule and its two isotopologues DF and TF.
Two-dimensional CSiO and CGeO: direct-band-gap semiconductors with normal/anomalous auxeticity for solar cells and alkali-metal-ion batteries
Authors: Zhu Yu-Jie , Jiang Tao , Ye Xiao-Juan , Liu Chun-Sheng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials provide tremendous opportunities for next-generation energy storage technologies. We theoretically propose 2D group-IV oxides (α-, β-, and γ-CXO, X = Si/Ge). Among them, α-CXO monolayers, composed of the C-O-X skeleton of silyl (germyl) methyl ether molecules, are the most stable phase. α-CXO possess robust dynamical, mechanical, and thermal stabilities. Remarkably, α-CGeO has an unusual negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR). However, α-CSiO displays a bidirectional half-auxeticity, different from all the already known NPR behaviors. The intrinsic moderate direct-band-gap, high carrier mobility, and superior optical absorption of α-CXO make them attractive for optoelectronics applications. A series of α-CXO-based excitonic solar cells can achieve high power conversion efficiencies. Besides, α-CXO monolayers are promising anode materials for sodium- and potassium-ion batteries, exhibiting not only the high specific capacity (532–1433 mA h g−1) but also low diffusion barrier and open-circuit voltage. In particular, the specific capacity of K on α-CSiO exhibits one of the highest values ever recorded in 2D materials. The multifunctionality renders α-CXO promising candidates for nanomechanics, nanoelectronics, and nano-optics.
Pressure-induced electronic phase transition and superconductivity in spin-ladder compounds BaFe2(S1−x
Se
x
)3
Authors: Fan Y J , Liu J Y , Feng J J , Chen Z C , Wang M H , He Z , Guo H T , Qian B , Shi Z X , Zhou W 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in quasi-one-dimensional spin ladder compound BaFe2S3 has attracted great attention for facilitating study on the interplay among crystalline dimensionality, magnetism, and superconductivity. Here, we report a systematic study on the doping-dependent structure, susceptibility, and high-pressure properties of BaFe2(S1−x
Se
x
)3. The structural analysis manifests a structural transition within the doping level of 0.18 < x< 0.29. Accompanied with this structural transition, the magnetic susceptibility behaviors change substantially, in line with the antiferromagnetic structure change from the stripe-type to the block-type. Furthermore, obvious spin glassy behaviors are observed in the low-temperature region for x⩾ 0.29. High-pressure study has revealed an explicit superconductivity signal in the undoped BaFe2S3 with a pressure of about 12.6 GPa, while no bulk superconductivity is observed for the Se-doped samples. Analysis of the pressure-dependent resistance behavior indicates a pressure-induced electronic phase transition around 18 GPa for all Se-doped samples. Finally, we have discussed the possible origin for the pressure-induced superconductivity in BaFe2(S1−x
Se
x
)3.
Behaviour of Al2O3-oxide insulated and non-insulated superconducting MgB2 coils cooled by water ice
Authors: Kováč P , Búran M , Kopera L 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Wind-and-react coils made using non-insulated and/or Al2O3 oxide-insulated internal magnesium diffusion-processed MgB2 wires were energized at low temperatures with the help of sub-cooled water ice. The results demonstrate thermally stable winding behaviour and current densities (>104 A cm−2 for T < 30.5–33 K) of oxide-insulated and metal-insulated MgB2 coils. The expansion caused by the water-to-ice transformation does not degrade the windings or the Al2O3 insulation. The thermometers and Hall probe are also undamaged over the full temperature range of 27–297 K. Consequently, water ice provides a cheap and safe prospective cooling mode for various superconducting windings and future He-free systems.