bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benign Acute Childhood Myositis: Our Experience on Clinical Evaluation
Authors: D'Amico Silvia , Gangi Gloria , Barbagallo Massimo , Palermo Toni , Finocchiaro Maria Carla , Distefano Antonella , Falsaperla Raffaele , Marino Silvia , Greco Filippo , Smilari Pierluigi , Pavone Piero 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background Benign acute childhood myositis (BACM) is a transient condition mainly affecting children of school age characterized by muscle pain, typically localized to the calf muscle with symmetrical lower extremity pain and difficulty in walking. Usually, the symptomatology is preceded by a viral infection including influenza, parainfluenza, rotavirus, and mycoplasma.
Methods The case series was conducted in four pediatric hospitals in Catania, Italy, over a 12-year observational period. Clinical examination, laboratory data, course, treatment, and complications of the affected children were extracted from electronic medical records of each hospital.
Results For the case series, 50 children diagnosed with BACM were enrolled: the mean age of affected children was 5.35 years, 86% of were males, and in 56% the affections occurred during the winter. In the affected children, the clinical picture was characterized by previous fever and/or symptoms of inflammation of the upper airways, and followed by pain in the lower extremities up to uncoordinated gait. In 17 cases the etiological agent was isolated, including the influenza virus type B as the most frequent and influenza virus type A, Mycoplasma
pneumoniae, beta-hemolytic streptococcus, and herpes simplex virus. Children were treated with supportive therapy. In all the children the muscular symptomatology had a good evolution with progressive marked reduction of pain and of the high level of CKemia. Neither clinical recurrences nor sequelae were reported.
Conclusion BACM shows to have in most of the cases a favorable evolution, a spontaneous remission of symptoms, and a good prognosis. However, the disorder generates parental distress for the acute presentation and the striking muscle dysfunction. It is worthy a rapid and early diagnosis to avoid unnecessary diagnostic investigations and a careful follow-up necessary to exclude persistence of symptoms or creatine kinase elevation.
A laser wakefield acceleration facility using SG-II petawatt laser system
Authors: Liang Xiao , Yi Youjian , Li Song , Zhu Ping , Xie Xinglong , Liu Huiya , Mu GuangJin , Liu ZhiGang , Guo Ailin , Kang Jun , Yang Qingwei , Zhu Haidong , Gao Qi , Sun Meizhi , Lu Haiyang , Ma Yanyun , Mondal Sudipta , Papp Dániel , Majorosi Szilárd , Lécz Zsolt , Andreev Alexander , Kahaly Subhendu , Kamperidis Christos , Hafz Nasr A. M. , Zhu Jianqiang 
Published: March 2022

Laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) using PW-class laser pulses generally requires cm-scale laser–plasma interaction Rayleigh length, which can be realized by focusing such pulses inside a long underdense plasma with a large f-number focusing optic. Here, we present a new PW-based LWFA instrument at the SG-II 5 PW laser facility, which employs f/23 focusing. The setup also adapted an online probing of the plasma density via Nomarski interferometry using a probe laser beam having 30 fs pulse duration. By focusing 1-PW, 30-fs laser pulses down to a focal spot of 230 µm, the peak laser intensity reached a mild-relativistic level of 2.6 × 1018 W/cm2, a level modest for standard LWFA experiments. Despite the large aspect ratio of &gt;25:1 (transverse to longitudinal dimensions) of the laser pulse, electron beams were observed in our experiment only when the laser pulse experienced relativistic self-focusing at high gas-pressure thresholds, corresponding to plasma densities higher than 3 × 1018 cm−3.
A SURF4-to-proteoglycan relay mechanism that mediates the sorting and secretion of a tagged variant of sonic hedgehog
Authors: Tang Xiao , Chen Rong , Mesias Vince St Dollente , Wang Tingxuan , Wang Ying , Poljak Kristina , Fan Xinyu , Miao Hanchi , Hu Junjie , Zhang Liang , Huang Jinqing , Yao Shuhuai , Miller Elizabeth A. , Guo Yusong 
Published: March 2022

Significance
Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) is a key signaling molecule that plays important roles in embryonic patterning, cell differentiation, and organ development. Although fundamentally important, the molecular mechanisms that regulate secretion of newly synthesized Shh are still unclear. Our study reveals a role for the cargo receptor, SURF4, in facilitating export of Shh from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via a ER export signal. In addition, our study provides evidence suggesting that proteoglycans promote the dissociation of SURF4 from Shh at the Golgi, suggesting a SURF4-to-proteoglycan relay mechanism. These analyses provide insight into an important question in cell biology: how do cargo receptors capture their clients in one compartment, then disengage at their destination?
Single-side micromachined ultra-small thermopile IR detecting pixels for dense-array integration
Authors: Zhou Wenhan , Zhang Haozhi , Chen Pu , Ni Zao , Li Wei , Wang Jiachou , Li Xinxin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a technology to fabricate ultra-small (100 × 100 μm) thermopile infrared (IR) sensing devices with a novel front-side micromachining process for integration of dense IR detection array. The thermopile IR detection unit is constructed into double-level suspending films, where the IR absorber and n/p-polysilicon thermopile are located at the central-supported upper level and the surrounding-supported lower level, respectively. The separated design for IR absorber and thermopile temperature-detection helps to achieve a high thermocouple fill-factor of 0.9 in terms of the structural area. A single-step wet etching method is proposed to simultaneously release the umbrella-shaped upper-level absorber and the thermal insulation cavity beneath the lower-level thermopile layer. By pre-depositing a polysilicon sacrificial layer, the etching method breakthroughs the restriction of anisotropic over-etch to the single crystalline silicon substrate, thereby maximizing the thermocouple number in the lower-layer film and minimizing the opened area of the etching holes. Finite-element-method simulation results show that the detector with 20 pairs of thermocouples exhibits maximized responsivity than those with more or less pairs of thermocouples. Benefit from the optimized heat dissipation design, the thermopile detection unit in atmospheric environment achieves a high normalized detectivity of 2.1 × 107 cm Hz1/2 W−1, a high responsivity of 52 V W−1 and sound respond time of 1.4 ms. Thanks to the ultra-small unit area, many unites can be densely integrated into IR detection arrays of various scales. As an example, an integrated 4 × 4 IR sensing array is herein fabricated. The 16 integrated pixels demonstrate good consistency in responsivity, with the deviation being less than ±7%. Featuring the tiny-size pixels for dense-array integration and the single-sided micromachining process that is compatible with integrated circuit fabrication, the proposed thermopile IR sensing devices are promising in IR detection applications including consumer-electronic level IR focal plane arrays.
Improved diffusion and storage of lithium ions via recrystallization induced conducting pathways in a Li:Ta2O5-based electrolyte for all-solid-state electrochromic devices with enhanced performance
Authors: Lin Chun-Chu , Chen Po-Hsun , Chen Min-Chen , Wang Min-Chuan , Yang Chih-Cheng , Huang Hui-Chun , Wu Chung-Wei , Chou Sheng-Yao , Tsai Tsung-Ming , Chang Ting-Chang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this study, we have investigated the improvements in the performance of an all-solid-state complementary electrochromic device (ECD) by using the proposed high pressure treatment (HPT). The Li:Ta2O5 electrolyte layer was recrystallized by the HPT utilizing pressurized CO2 gas (∼200 atm) and at low temperature (<60 °C), which enhanced the coloration performance of the WO3/Li:Ta2O5/NiO complementary ECD by ∼20%. The reliability and durability of the ECD were confirmed by long term transmittance retention measurements, which indicated an improvement in the coloration performance by ∼14% upon the release of the bias voltages. The ability of the devices that were fabricated with and without the HPT process to withstand high temperature environments was also verified. In addition, photoluminescence (PL) and transmittance measurements were carried out to examine the effects of the bonding between WO3 and NiO. To determine the differences in lithium-ion (Li+) injection, electrical measurements were performed by utilizing varying pulse rising speeds to confirm device characteristics. The materials were characterized in terms of their composition and structure using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy along with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Finally, a mechanistic model has been proposed to explain the improved EC characteristics based on the amorphous to crystalline transition accompanying the HPT process.
Functional limit theorems for Volterra processes and applications to homogenization*
Authors: Gehringer Johann , Li Xue-Mei , Sieber Julian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We prove an enhanced limit theorem for additive functionals of a multi-dimensional Volterra process

(

y

t

)

t
⩾
0

in the rough path topology. As an application, we establish weak convergence as ɛ → 0 of the solution of the random ordinary differential equation (ODE)

d

d
t

x

t

ε

=

1

ε

f

(

x

t

ε

,

y

t

ε

)

and show that its limit solves a rough differential equation driven by a Gaussian field with a drift coming from the Lévy area correction of the limiting rough driver. Furthermore, we prove that the stochastic flows of the random ODE converge to those of the Kunita type Itô SDE dx

t
= G(x

t
, dt), where G(x, t) is a semi-martingale with spatial parameters.
Multi-bright-dark soliton solutions to the AB system in nonlinear optics
Authors: Zhai Yunyun , Wei Lifei , Geng Xianguo , Wei Jiao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The AB system is the basic integrable model to describe unstable baroclinic wave packets in geophysical fluids and the propagation of mesoscale gravity flows in nonlinear optics. On the basis of the spectral analysis of a Lax pair and the inverse scattering method, we establish the Riemann–Hilbert problem of the AB system. Then, the inverse problems are formulated and solved with the aid of the Riemann–Hilbert problem, from which the potentials can be reconstructed according to the asymptotic expansion of the sectional analytic function and the related symmetry relations. As an application, we obtain the multi-bright-dark soliton solutions to the AB system in the reflectionless case and discuss the dynamic behavior of elastic soliton collisions by choosing appropriate free parameters.
Dynamics of electron internal transport barrier formation at the H–L transition on EAST
Authors: Han X. , Liu Y. , Zhou T.F. , Zhang T. , Shi T.H. , Li Y.Y. , Yuan Y. , Mao S.T. , Jin Y.F. , Wu X.H. , Wang S.X. , Yang Y. , Wen F. , Huang J. , Liu S.C. , Ye K.X. , Wu M.F. , Geng K.N. , Li G.S. , Zhong F.B. , Xiang H.M. , Gao X. , the EAST Team  
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The dynamics of electron-internal transport barrier (e-ITB) formation is studied in the hybrid plasma of neutral beam injection and lower hybrid wave heating on EAST. The e-ITB is observed to be repetitively formed at the H–L transition, where the relaxation process of core radiation triggers an increase in neutron yield and core electron temperature. A reversed q-profile is beneficial for generating the barrier, identified by the appearance of reversed shear Alfvén eigenmodes (RSAEs). The dimensionless parameter of the normalized Larmor radius

(

ρ

T

e

*

)

is estimated to visualize the dynamic behavior of the e-ITB. It is found that the e-ITB forms once the electron

ρ

T

e

*

exceeds 0.014, and the RSAEs are accompanied by the e-ITB formation. The barrier foot moves inwards until the L–H transition occurs, where the H-mode pedestal or type-I edge localized mode (ELM) strongly influences the e-ITB intensity. The results of thermal transport modeling show a significant reduction in the core thermal transport coefficient in the electron channel while maintaining a nearly unchanged ion transport level as the e-ITB evolves.
Manufacturing and processing long tubular parts, considering environmental protection implications
Authors: Poiană D I , Ionel I 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper addresses a topical issue around the world, i.e. the issue of minimizing environmental and human pollution. The subsequent aim of this paper is to develop an appropriate methodology for assessing the negative impact potentially exerted by a manufacturing process on the environment and workers. Research has been conducted in order to determine an index of negative impact on the environment and workers. Through the research carried out, the determining factors in environmental pollution have been identified and quantifiable indicators have subsequently been associated with them. Additionally, an impact index has finally been determined by calculation. This methodology was applied in the case of the drilling/perforation processes on long tubular parts, particularly featured in the automotive industry. The emerging results show the negative impact exerted by each of the processes considered on the environment. The manufacturing processes in which the impact index has low values close to zero are significantly close to a standard of non-polluting manufacturing processes with zero-impact index. The methodology adopted in this paper has led to the identification of the range of pollutants that should be improved, removed or at least reduced, in order to achieve a zero-impact index.
Comparative analysis of the energy content of diverse fuels performed via thermogravimetric investigations
Authors: Halmaciu I A , Wachter M R , Wachter A R 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Thermogravimetry is a well-known analysing technique in which the mass of a substance is monitored as a function of temperature variation by time, and as a sample specimen being subjected to a scheduled temperature program, in a controlled atmosphere. The method is based on measuring sensors for the mass loss, in the controlled-atmosphere furnace, and on a temperature programmer, all interfaced to a computer. It is also known as thermogravimetric analysis (TG) or derived thermogravimetric analysis (DTG). Kinetic parameters, stability, and changes in the composition are among the most important results obtained upon performing such analysis. The article focuses on three different analyses run upon three different fuels: a fossil one (coal), a classic biomass (renewable fuel), and waste poultry manure. The conclusion indicates that all three fuels illustrate important energy content, showing specific points in the TG and DTG curves, which are analysed in detail. The similarities and differences are also pointed out. Additionally, the techniques used are described, considering their implication for complex waste biomasses, which might be subject of biogas production. The technique is recommended in addition to classic thermal analysis and heating value determination.
A dynamic approach to wind tunnel testing under risk conditions assessment
Authors: Balasa R , Andrei A G , Costea M L , Apostol E I , Semenscu A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper provides an overview of risk management and risk control in wind tunnel testing. The focus of this review is on approaches to identifying hazards based on “barrier analysis.” The main feature of the method is to identify the source of risk, assess the level of the “barrier” that prevents a hazardous situation, monitor the risk’s status and make improvements or set up new “barriers” if necessary, but also to identify and implement measures to reestablish risk control and, if possible, to reduce the unpleasant effects. This article proposes a risk assessment for an applicable wind tunnel project. The effect of air humidity on condensation under supersonic flow conditions was studied in detail.
Study of air quality through suspended particles determination
Authors: Miloştean D , Flori M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The suspended and settleable particles which exist permanently in the atmosphere have their concentration variation depending on weather conditions, traffic in the collecting area, industrial activities, etc. It is known that once these particles pollute the atmosphere can affect human health so, their collection by efficient filtration air systems is needed in order to proper evaluate them. In this paper the short-term concentration of the suspended particles from air is determined in the collection point located inside the Faculty of Engineering Hunedoara (Romania), in the vicinity of the road. The sampling was done in months May and June of year 2020, during three time intervals. Obtained minimum and maximum suspended particles concentrations were 13.43 &b.mu;g/m3 and 83.96 &b.mu;g/m3, respectively.
Technical considerations regarding the modelling and implementation of a Web Dynpro application
Authors: Berdie A D , Rat C L , Berdie A A , Berdie A M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Developed by SAP (System Application and Products) concern, the new Dynpro Web technology aims to create scalable business applications that comply with standardized user interface principles. This paper highlights how a Web Dynpro application consisting of several components can be modeled and implemented in the ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming) language using a component binding technique based on the concept of MVC (Modell-View-Controller). All these aspects are presented through a case study, developed and implemented on the SAP NetWeaver integration platform version 7.0.
New approach in assembly, disassembly and maintenance processes I4.0 by displaying in augmented reality environment
Authors: Bocák R , Holubek R , Tirian G O 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the current ever-accelerating time of deployment of new production systems associated by various manipulating, technological and maintenance procedures, there is a demand from the point of view of the industrial sphere for shortening these operations and efficiency of the selected processes. It is the ability to visualize these processes using modern augmented reality (AR) technology that is the way to achieve the desired aspects. Visualization via smartphones, tablets, headsets in the AR environment allows users to provide comprehensive information with the exact procedure and information about the required tasks (assembly, disassembly, service operations, maintenance, wiring diagrams, etc.). The use of AR technology, also in view of the ongoing pandemic situation Covid 19, makes possible to involve less qualified operators in the industrial sphere. Deployment of the less skilled operators in the production sphere, using AR technology, can make up for the shortage of skilled labour that is currently lacking in every industry. In this way, it is also possible to keep the industrial sector in good condition without undesirable factors such as production shutdowns, long service operations, and poorly trained service personnel.
The impact of communication on microgrid control
Authors: Rat C L , Ichim-Burlacu C , Panoiu M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the microgrid communication systems and their impact on the microgrid control system. Regardless of the control structure, a microgrid cannot exist without a communication system. An efficient and reliable communication network ensures the possibility of implementing a secure, durable and cost-effective microgrid. The configuration of the communication network depends on many factors, like the structure of the microgrid, the control objectives, the implementation costs, the maintenance costs, etc. In the case of centralized control, all relevant data from the entire system is collected and processed in a single controller. The failure of a communication link in this central controller may cause the entire microgrid to fail. Therefore, the existence of a robust and reliable communication system is vital and the creation of redundant communication links is also recommended. The situation is different in the case of decentralized control, where communication is limited to local controllers, but this leads to limited performance, therefore it is preferable for such microgrids to have at least a very basic communication system composed of simple and inexpensive communication network. In the case of distributed control, each subsystem has its own local controller (LC) with the ability to communicate with other controllers for the purpose of exchanging information. Thus, the most advantageous communication network architecture is a hybrid one that consists of a combination of centralized and decentralized control methods.
Efficiency of a small power photovoltaic installation connected to the low voltage network
Authors: Spunei E , Piroi I , Piroi F 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Deploying photovoltaic installations to cover the electrical energy requirements of home and industrial consumer is both a national and an international trend. The aim of the research is to analyse the efficiency of the photovoltaic installation based on recordings and measurements. In this work, we present a case study for a 40 kW photovoltaic installation deployed for an industrial consumer. For a period of eleven days, we measured the energy levels that the consumer absorbed both from the national energy network and from the photovoltaic installation. We conclude that the photovoltaic installation covers approximately half of the energy required by the industrial consumer.
Study about numerical relay 7SA612, the basic protection of 220 kV overhead transmission line
Authors: Iagăr A , Popa G N , Diniş C M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this work we analyzed the numerical relay 7SA612, which represents the basic protection of 220 kV overhead transmission lines starting from the Mintia electric station. The main function of 7SA612 relay is the distance protection; in addition, this relay offers a multitude of protection functions. We used the computer-controlled Omicron CMC 356 set for testing the 7SA612 relay at its mounting location. Test Universe, the software of CMC 356, allowed the simulation of all possible overhead transmission lines faults, in order to test the protection functions of 7SA612 relay. 7SA612 relay clears fast and selectively the faults on the analyzed 220 kV overhead transmission line. The tests showed that 7SA612 relay incorporates all the necessary functions for the protection of 220 kV overhead transmission lines, both in the case of single-phase and poly-phase faults.