bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood return at the end of renal replacement therapy provided clues on fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients with shock
Authors: Huang Daozheng , Ma Jie , Wang Shouhong , Qin Tiehe , Song Feier , Hou Tieying , Ma Huan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives To observe if blood return, also defined as the blood infusion test (BIT) could predict fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients with shock and continuous renal replacement therapy.MethodsBefore BIT, the passive leg raise test (PLRT) was performed to record the changes of cardiac output (ΔCO) by thermodilution and ΔCO >=10% was defined as fluid responders. Meanwhile, the changes in velocity time integral (ΔVTI) were recorded by echocardiography and ΔVTI>=15% was defined as fluid responders. Then the changes in COs and VTIs were recorded during BIT about several minutes after PLRT. The receiver-operating characteristic curves of ΔCO and ΔVTI were compared between PLRT and BIT.ResultsForty-three patients were enrolled in our study. 25 patients (58.1%) were recognized as responders during PLRT while 22 of these patients (51.2%) had increased COs during BIT. And according to the receiver-operating characteristic curves, the optimal cutoff value of ΔCO was 8.5% and ΔVTI was 19% during BITs with the area under curve were 0.947 (95% CI 0.87-1.0) and 0.952 (95% CI 0.893-1), respectively. ConclusionsBIT in continuous renal replacement therapy could identify fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients with shock.
Electrostatically functionalized CVD grown multiwalled carbon nanotube/ palladium nanocomposite (MWCNT/Pd) for CH4 detection at room temperature
Authors: Shukla Prashant 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
By reducing the aqueous mixture of electrostatically modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNT) and palladium (Pd) using NaBH4, a nanocomposite was synthesized. The syllable structure of the f-MWCNT and f-MWCNT/ Pd nanocomposite was investigated by analytical tools FESEM and TEM respectively. f-MWCNTs matrix reinforced with Pd nanoparticles are utilized for sensing CH4 with its dilution varying from 0.5-100 ppm in air at room temperature (RT=27°C). The f-MWNT/Pd nanocomposite-based sensor for CH4 gas show several merits over conventional catalytic beads and MOS based sensors in context of reduced size, reduced power consumption and ease of fabrication. At room temperature, the nanocomposite's temporal electrical responses to CH4 were measured. It exhibited a response magnitude of ∼20-45.71% with a small variation of ±2% towards 0.5-100 ppm CH4. Furthermore, the responses were extremely reversible and repeatable, implying that it may be used to detect CH4 at ambient temperature. It has also been demonstrated experimentally that an excellent response time (≈ 20 s) and the recovery time (≈ 25 s) for these devices were recorded for CH4. The influence of external temperature and humidity on the CH4 sensor was also investigated in order to assess its long-term stability and self-life. The results showed that very small change is observed over a wide of temperature from 25-70oC and that for %Rh from 20-90%. Therefore, the reported CH4 sensor absolutely demonstrated long-term stability at ambient conditions and hence, these devices can prove to be ideal for CH4 leakage detection for practical real time applications. A sensing mechanism by which CH4 is detected by f-MWCNT/Pd nanocomposite is also elaborately discussed.
Nondestructive evaluation of interface defects in layered media
Authors: Inglese Gabriele , Olmi Roberto 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In a layered thermal conductor, the inaccessible interface could be damaged by mechanical solicitation, chemical infiltration, aging. In this case, the original thermal properties of the specimen are modified. The present paper deals with nondestructive evaluation of interface thermal conductance h from the knowledge of the surface temperature when the specimen is heated in some controlled way. The goal is achieved by expanding h in powers of the thickness of the upper layer. The mathematical analysis of the model produces exact formulas for the first coefficients of h which are tested on simulated and real data.
The effects of a three-day mountain bike cycling race on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and heart rate variability in amateur cyclists
Authors: Swart Anton 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Increased endurance exercise at high intensities may cause an acute reduction in cardiac function, causing a physiological cascade that releases cardiac biomarkers. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a physiological measurement used to evaluate the autonomic nervous system (ANS) state. This study set out to determine the changes in the ANS by participating in a three-day endurance mountain bike cycling event using HRV as an outcome measure.Methods: Sixteen healthy participants (male and female) participating in a three-day endurance mountain bike cycling event underwent five-minute resting electrocardiography (ECG) recordings in a supine position. In addition, heart rate variability measurements were recorded two days before the race (baseline testing), after each race day, and at 24 hours post-event (recovery).Results: Time-domain and frequency domain measures showed significant changes from baseline HRV parameters after each race day (p≤0.05). These changes reflected an increase in sympathetic activity and parasympathetic withdrawal each day after the event. In addition, our data revealed that the mean heart rate (HR) and R-R variability variables did not return to baseline values after 24 hours of recovery, reflecting autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction, and that changes persisted for at least 24 hours post-event.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that competing in an endurance mountain bike cycling event led to diminished vagal activity and decreased HRV throughout the event, which persisted for at least 24 hours post-event. The body was under continuous sympathetic dominance and parasympathetic withdrawal at rest and each racing day, implying that each race day inflicts significant physiological stress. This physiological stress causes a disturbance in homeostasis and an increase in ANS dysfunction. This dysfunction has implications for further research, including dysrhythmia risk and monitoring of athletes in advising participation and returning to strenuous activity post-endurance events.
Effect of color filters on photo electrochemical solar cell of pure and rhenium doped SnSe crystals
Authors: Patel Trupti , solanki Gunavant , Joshi Vimal 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Applications of photo functional materials have universally aroused tremendous interest in recent years. The development of photo electrochemistry as a field of science was stimulated by the need for developing a photo electrochemical (PEC) energy conversion as a novel technique to utilize the infinite source of energy. Here, we have demonstrated the effect of different color filters on PEC behavior on rhenium doped tin mono selenide crystals synthesized by direct vapor transport technique. Authors have been used as grown SnSeRex (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2) crystals for photo electrode in PEC solar cell. This cell has been investigated in detail to evaluate its parameters, e.g. short circuit current (Isc), open circuit voltage (Voc), efficiency (η) and fill factor (FF). The electrodes were prepared from further mentioned crystals showing absolutely plane faces obtained through the act of cleavage with help of an adhesive tape. Illumination of light, the electrolyte and counter electrode were kept constant. This work intends to summarize PEC behavior in order to see the effect of rhenium doping and different color filter sheet on the mentioned single crystals on their parameters.
Strong Transport of Anthropogenic Carbon from the Antarctic Shelf to Deep Southern Ocean
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Wu Yingxu , Cai Wei-Jun , Wang Zhaomin , Feely Richard , Cai Wenju , Wang Yanmin , Liu Chengyan , Li Xichen , Yang Qinghua , Ding Minghu , Xu Zhongsheng , Rodrigo Kerr , Luo Yiming , Cheng Xiao , Chen Liqi , Qi Di 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Flows of dense shelf water are an efficient mechanism for pumping CO2 to deep ocean along the continental shelf-slope, particularly in the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) formation area and its adjacent waters where most of the global bottom water is formed. The global carbon uptake from the atmosphere is estimated to be 200 teragrams carbon per year (Tg C yr-1). However, the contribution from the Antarctic coastal regions to the global carbon budget remains highly uncertain. Here, using an integrated observational dataset, we find that the export of anthropogenic CO2 from the Pan-Antarctic shelves to deep Southern Ocean is 45~86 Tg C yr-1, equivalent to 22~43% of the global coastal CO2 uptake, and much higher than previous estimates. The large carbon transport flux causes a decline in deep water pH of 0.0007 ± 0.0002 pH yr-1, far faster than that of any other open ocean deep waters (<0.0002 pH yr-1). Thus, CSP in the AABW formation area is an important pathway for anthropogenic carbon transport into the ocean interior.
Tumour evolvability metrics predict recurrence beyond 10 years in locally-advanced prostate cancer
Authors: Sottoriva Andrea , Fernandez-Mateos Javier , Cresswell George , Trahearn Nicholas , Webb Katharine , Stuttle Christine , Corbishley Catherine , Starvrinides Vasilis , Zapata Luis , Spiteri Inma , Heide Timon , Gallagher Lewis , James Chela , Gao Annie , Kote-Jarai Zsofia , Acar Ahmet , Truelove Lesley , Proszek Paula , Murray Julia , Reid Alison , Wilkins Anna , Hubank Michael , Eeles Rosalind , Dearnaley David 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Cancers evolve obeying Darwinian laws and therefore the evolutionary paradigm lays the ground for predictive oncology. However, the predictive power of evolutionary metrics in cancer has been seldom tested. There is a need for quantitative measurements in controlled clinical trials with long term follow-up information. This is particularly true in locally-advanced prostate cancer, which can recur more than a decade after diagnosis. Here we mapped genomic intra-tumour heterogeneity in 642 samples from 114 patients who took part in the prostate radiotherapy trials at The Royal Marsden Hospital, for which full clinical information and 12y median follow-up was available. We concomitantly assessed phenotypic (morphological) heterogeneity using deep learning in 1,923 histological sections from 250 IMRT patients (fully overlapping with the genetic set). We found that evolvability, measured as genetic divergence as well as morphological diversity, was a strong independent predictor of recurrence (respectively HR=72.06, 95% CI 2.97-1748.5, p=0.009 and HR=6.2, 95% CI 1.86-20.72, p=0.003). Combined, these two measurements together also identified a group of patients with half the median time to recurrence compared to the rest of the cohort (5.6 vs 11.5 years). We also found a small subset of MYC/FGFR1 amplified cases (4.4%) with particularly poor prognosis. The overall burden of chromosomal alterations correlated with higher Gleason score. We identified associations between 24 chromosomal arm copy number changes and Gleason score (e.g. -22q, +5p, +8q, +16p, +7p), and show that loss of chromosome 6p (encompassing the HLA locus) was correlated with markedly reduced immune cell infiltration. This study shows that combining genomics with AI-aided histopathology in clinical trials leads to the identification of novel clinical biomarkers.
Limbic encephalitis as a rare manifestation of relapsing polychondritis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Belfkih Rachid , Khayat Omar Ghomari , Amrani Fatima Zohra El 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Relapsing polychondritis is a systemic immune-mediated disease defined with recurrent inflammatory episodes of cartilaginous structures. Ear and nose chondritis are the most common clinical presentation. However, potential life-threatening complications could occur along the course of the disease. Its diagnosis is usually made based on a set of criteria determined by organs involvement. There exist several therapeutic options; they depend on the nature and severity of organs damage. We report a clinical case of a relapsing polychondritis presented with limbic encephalitis.
Characteristics of Hospital Admissions for Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis: Analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2012-2014)
Authors: Kim Chongiin , Garcia-Tome Rodrigo , Hurtado Carolina , Ding Li , Wang Tisha , Chang Ching-fei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundPulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare clinical syndrome involving the accumulation of lipid-rich proteinaceous material in the alveoli. There is a paucity of published studies on this condition. To better characterize the demographics, complication rates, mortality, and healthcare costs of patients hospitalized for PAP in the United States, a secondary analysis on the Hospital Cost and Utilization Project’s Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) was performed on patients admitted from 2012 – 2014 with a diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. MethodsUsing the NIS database, a secondary analysis was performed on 500 admissions with the diagnosis “pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.” The clinical variables and outcome measures extracted were: patient demographics, hospital costs, length of stay, frequency of admissions, and inpatient mortality rate. ResultsAmong a weighted estimate of 500 hospital admissions from 2012-2014, the number of PAP admissions averaged 4.7 per million. The population was predominantly male (55%) with a mean age of 41.45 (CI: 38.3-44.5) from all socioeconomic levels. Inpatient mortality was calculated to be 5%, which may result from the fact that the majority of admitted patients had few or no comorbid conditions (CCI: 0.72). The most common procedure performed during admission was a bronchoalveolar lavage. Mean length of stay was 6.2 days (CI: 3.9-8.5) and average cost of admission was $29,932.20 (CI: 13,739-46,124). Of note, 50% of these admissions were considered “elective.”ConclusionsDemographics of patients with PAP who have been hospitalized in the United States are similar to previously reported demographics from prior patient cohorts, specifically a male predominance and a mean age in the 40s. The inpatient mortality rate of 5% we found is consistent with prior studies demonstrating good disease-specific survival rates. Notably, the cost per admission and overall annual cost associated with PAP hospitalization was calculated to be $29,932.20 and $5 million respectively. This reflects the high economic cost associated with hospitalization of PAP patients, and provokes thought about ways to make treatment more cost-effective.
PERTURBAÇÕES AUDITIVAS: O CONHECIMENTO COMO CAMINHO PARA A PREVENÇÃO
Authors: Neves Roberta , Baptista Ana Catarina , Carvalho Graça Simões de 
Published: April 2022

Introdução: A otite média serosa e a perturbação do processamento auditivo são perturbações de difícil diagnóstico em crianças pequenas, pelo que, iniciativas de prevenção disseminam o conhecimento e a tomada de consciência, permitindo identificar precocemente tais perturbações. Com a colaboração da Universidade do Minho e da Universidade do Algarve promoveu-se um Ciclo de Conferências inserido numa ação de prevenção primária sobre um importante fator de risco para o desenvolvimento da linguagem: a otite média serosa, uma patologia altamente frequente e que acomete sobretudo crianças pequenas e que pode ter impacto na linguagem, bem como, atingir um pilar importante para o desenvolvimento linguístico: o processamento auditivo central. Objetivos: partilhar a experiência deste ciclo e o eventual impacto do conhecimento transmitido aos participantes. Metodologia: utilizou-se um questionário de caracterização sociodemográfica e de percepção/satisfação, com utilização de estatística descritiva para análise dos dados. Resultados: os dados iniciais demonstram que houve impacto positivo na ampliação dos conhecimentos dos participantes e do reconhecimento dos mesmos da necessidade de mais formações nesta área. Conclusão: há interesse relevante na temática deste ciclo, sendo fundamental continuar-se a investir nestas atividades de prevenção, pelo seu potencial transformador nas práticas profissionais de todos os que lidam diretamente com crianças.
Performance evaluation of vetiver and pampas plants in reducing the hazardous ions of treated municipal wastewater for agricultural irrigation water use
Authors: Mirzaee Morvarid Mohammad , Zakerinia Mehdi , Farasati Masoumeh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Phytoremediation is one of the simple and cost-effective methods introduced in recent years as a solution for eliminating environmental pollution. This study aims to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of using vetiver grass and pampas grass plants in removing the main pollutants and improving the physical and chemical properties of the treated municipal wastewater, for use in agriculture and drip irrigation systems. This study was conducted in the form of a factorial experiment with two factors of plant type (vetiver grass and pampas grass) and residence time (in five levels: 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days) and in a completely randomized design with three replications. The results showed that although both plant types had a high potential to reduce the undesirable properties of treated wastewater with a residence time of 15 days, pampas grass exhibited better performance in most of the studied characteristics. This plant, even with a residence time of 3 days, reduced the concentration of chloride, sodium, calcium, carbonate, and bicarbonate and also the sedimentation index by 58.82, 38.64, 40.03, 73.91, 45.44, and 88.16%, respectively. Moreover, pampas grass reduced the salinity and hardness of water by 48.84 and 23.32%, respectively, and the electrical conductivity and TDS by at least 18.32% in 3 days. According to the findings of this study, pampas grass is a better option than its competitor, vetiver grass, to reduce pollution in treated urban wastewater and improve wastewater quality for use in agriculture and drip irrigation systems.
Boron isotopes in the Huaihe River, China: An exploration of anthropogenic contamination
Authors: Da Chunnian , Yu Jin , Huang Qinghui , Wu Linjun , Ji Peng , Huang Dukai 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Thirty-four water samples were collected to measure their boron concentrations and δ11B values. The results indicated that the concentrations of boron in the Huaihe River ranged from 37.99 to 105.99 μg/L, much lower than those of groundwater, farmland irrigation water and sewage water. The δ11B values were between −3.12‰ and 3.21‰, with a mean value of −0.44‰. There were obvious variations trend of boron and δ11B between upstream, midstream and downstream. δ11B had a relatively high correlation with pH, boron and chlorine. Boron was positively correlated with EC, Na+, K+, F−, Li+, As and δ11B, while negatively correlated with Ca2+and Mg2+ in water. The structural equation model suggested industrial structure, population, economic development and pollution emission had positive effects on boron, whereas industrial structure and pollution emission had positive effects on δ11B. The contents of boron and δ11B showed a slight difference between the farmland, groundwater, sewage treatment plant and the Huaihe River. Hierarchical cluster analysis indicated that the same source was occurred between the Huaihe River and groundwater, between farmland and sewage treatment plant. A stable isotope analysis in R model revealed that detergent provided the greatest proportion of boron sources, followed by washing powder, municipal wastewater and contaminated groundwater.
COVID-19 and Inflammatory Markers
Authors: Balta Sevket , Balta Ilknur 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) causes mild illness to serious infection with lung
involvement, thrombosis, and other complications potentially resulting in fatal outcomes. Recognised
inflammatory biomarkers play important roles in managing patients with COVID-19; for example, diagnosis,
follow-up, assessment of treatment response, and risk stratification. Inflammatory markers in
COVID-19 disease were analysed in two categories. Well-known inflammatory markers include complete
blood count, C-reactive protein, albumin, cytokines, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Asymmetric
dimethylarginine, endocan, pentraxin 3, serum amyloid A, soluble urokinase plasminogen activator
receptor, total oxidant status and total antioxidant status, and galectin-3 are considered among the
emerging inflammatory markers. This brief narrative review assesses the relationship between these
inflammatory markers and COVID-19 infection.
Inborn Errors of Metabolism Screening in Neonates: Current Perspective with Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Mukherjee Sukhes , Ray Suman Kumar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are rare hereditary or acquired disorders resulting from an enzymatic deformity in biochemical and metabolic pathways influencing proteins, fats, carbohydrate metabolism, or hampered some organelle function. Even though individual IEMs are uncommon, together, they represent a diverse class of genetic diseases, with new issues and disease mechanisms being portrayed consistently. IEM includes the extraordinary multifaceted nature of the fundamental pathophysiology, biochemical diagnosis, molecular level investigation, and complex therapeutic choices. However, due to the molecular, biochemical, and clinical heterogeneity of IEM, screening alone will not detect and diagnose all illnesses included in newborn screening programs. Early diagnosis prevents the emergence of severe clinical symptoms in the majority of IEM cases, lowering morbidity and death. The appearance of IEM disease can vary from neonates to adult peo-ple, with the more serious conditions showing up in juvenile stages along with significant morbidity as well as mortality. Advances in understanding the physiological, biochemical, and molecular eti-ologies of numerous IEMs by means of modalities, for instance, the latest molecular-genetic tech-nologies, genome engineering knowledge, entire exome sequencing, and metabolomics, have prompted remarkable advancement in detection and treatment in modern times. In this review, we analyze the biochemical basis of IEMs, clinical manifestations, the present status of screening, on-going advances, and efficiency of diagnosis in treatment for IEMs, along with prospects for further exploration as well as innovation.