bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Groundwater Recharge in Makutupora Basin Located in a Semi-arid Region in Central Tanzania using Soil Moisture Balance (SMB) and Chloride Mass Balance (CMB) Techniques
Authors: Kisiki Clarance Paul , Ayenew Tenalem , Mjemah Ibrahimu Chikira 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The objective of this study is to assess the groundwater recharge in the Makutupora basin, Central Tanzania using the soil moisture balance (SMB) and chloride mass balance (CMB) methods. The SMB method considered the estimation of both evapotranspiration in CROPWAT 8.0 software and surface runoff by the curve number (CN) method. The CN of the basin was determined based on hydrological soil group (HSG), antecedent moisture condition (AMC) and land use type using Arc GIS 10.2. Distributed land-use maps, slope and soil texture maps, daily climatological data (e.g., precipitation, temperature, wind speed, etc.), chloride concentration in rainfall and groundwater are the basic data used in this study. Input data were prepared in the form of digital maps using GIS and remote sensing tools and finally excel models were created to compute recharge using a set of given conditions. The results indicate that the average chloride concentration measured in the groundwater samples of the study area is 282.88 mg/L; much higher than the average concentration in rainwater samples which is 3.47mg/L while the average potential evapotranspiration is 2280 mm/year with an average rainfall of 680mm/year. Runoff computed using the CN method is ranging from 7.6-246mm/year or 0.68-22%. The final recharge from SMB is ranging from 0.025-117.86mm/year or 0.006-10% of annual rainfall equivalent to an average annual volume of 41.58Mm3 while recharge from CMB ranges from 2.57-44.6mm/year or 0.38-6.56% of annual rainfall equivalent to an average annual volume of 23.85Mm3. The results show that CMB underestimated the recharge compared to the SMB method. The reason for this is thought to be caused by the high chloride concentration analysed in groundwater compared to rainfall samples which may be caused by increased chloride concentration as water passes through the rock formations (unsaturated zone) to the saturated zone. Further lack of atmospheric chloride deposition data may be another contributing factor.
Investigation of cross-entropy-based streamflow forecasting through an efficient interpretable automated search process
Authors: Chong K. L. , Huang Y. F. , Koo C. H. , Sherif Mohsen , Ahmed Ali Najah , El-Shafie Ahmed 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStreamflow forecasting has always been important in water resources management, particularly the peak flow, which often determines the seriousness of the impending flood. However, the highly imbalanced flow distribution often hinders the machine learning algorithm's performance. In this paper, streamflow forecasting was approached through the formulation of two distinct machine learning problems: categorical streamflow forecast and regression streamflow forecast. Due to the distinctive characteristics of these two adopted forms, selecting the correct algorithm for the machine learning problem along with their hyperparameter tuning process is critical to the realization of the desired results. For the distinct streamflow formulated scenarios, three neural network algorithms and their hyperparameter tuning strategy were investigated. The comparative empirical studies had revealed that formulated categorical-based streamflow forecast is a better choice than a regression-based streamflow forecast, regardless of the algorithms used; for instance, the f1-score of 0.7 (categorical based) is obtained compared to the 0.53 (regression based) for the LSTM in scenario 1 (binary). Furthermore, forest-based algorithms were investigated and shown to be superior at forecasting high streamflow fluctuations in situations featuring low-dimensional streamflow input. Besides, encoding the streamflow time series as images (input) for forecasting purposes would require a thorough analysis as there is a discrepancy in the results, revealing that not all approaches are suitable for streamflow image transformation. The functional ANOVA analysis provided evidence to substantiate the Bayesian optimization results, implying that the hyperparameters were effectively optimized.
Spatial and temporal variations of trophic state conditions of Lake Bunyonyi, south-western Uganda
Authors: Saturday Alex , Lyimo Thomas J. , Machiwa John , Pamba Siajali 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe study was conducted to assess the spatial and temporal variations of the trophic state condition of Lake Bunyonyi between October 2019 and September 2020. Secchi depth (SD), total phosphorus (TP) and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration were measured to aid the quantification of trophic state condition of the lake using Carlson trophic state index (CTSI). The trophic state index (TSI) values based on SD, TP and Chl-a values were 60.82 ± 5.35, 68.99 ± 11.04 and 61.74 ± 7.51, respectively. March 2020 recorded the highest mean CSTI value (70.14 ± 4.04), while in September 2020, the lowest mean value (58.03 ± 6.22) was obtained. Based on CTSI values, the lake was eutrophic in both dry and wet seasons albeit with differences in the values. The eutrophic state of the lake is possibly attributed to nutrients inflow into the lake via runoff and drainage from farmlands. The negative value of TSI-Chl-a–TSI-TP deviation pointed out that the lake is not phosphorus limited, while the positive TSI-Chl-a–TSI-SD mean deviation value revealed the effect of Chl-a and TP on the lake’s transparency. The study recommends the necessity to develop guidelines for the trophic status monitoring of Lake Bunyonyi since results suggest the deteriorating lake condition.
Significantly Enhanced Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performances of Epoxy Nanocomposites with Long-Range Aligned Lamellar Structures
Authors: Wang Lei , Ma Zhonglei , Qiu Hua , Zhang Yali , Yu Ze , Gu Junwei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHigh‑efficiency electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are of great importance for electronic equipment reliability, information security and human health. In this work, bidirectional aligned Ti3C2Tx@Fe3O4/CNF aerogels (BTFCA) were firstly assembled by bidirectional freezing and freeze-drying technique, and the BTFCA/epoxy nanocomposites with long-range aligned lamellar structures were then prepared by vacuum-assisted impregnation of epoxy resins. Benefitting from the successful construction of bidirectional aligned three-dimensional conductive networks and electromagnetic synergistic effect, when the mass fraction of Ti3C2Tx and Fe3O4 are 2.96 and 1.48 wt%, BTFCA/epoxy nanocomposites show outstanding EMI shielding effectiveness of 79 dB, about 10 times of that of blended Ti3C2Tx@Fe3O4/epoxy (8 dB) nanocomposites with the same loadings of Ti3C2Tx and Fe3O4. Meantime, the corresponding BTFCA/epoxy nanocomposites also present excellent thermal stability (Theat-resistance index of 198.7 °C) and mechanical properties (storage modulus of 9902.1 MPa, Young's modulus of 4.51 GPa and hardness of 0.34 GPa). Our fabricated BTFCA/epoxy nanocomposites would greatly expand the applications of MXene and epoxy resins in the fields of information security, aerospace and weapon manufacturing, etc.
Oocyte-Secreted Serum Biomarkers GDF9 and BMP15 in Women with Endometriosis
Authors: Shamsa Aiat , Gilchrist Robert B. , Robertson David M. , Rodgers Rachael J. , Donoghoe Mark W. , Ledger William L. , Abbott Jason A. , Riepsamen Angelique H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOocyte-secreted growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) are critical paracrine regulators of female fertility. Recent studies demonstrated that serum concentrations are associated with the number of oocytes retrieved during IVF, and therefore potential clinical use as biomarkers. However, it is unknown if the presence of endometriosis affects serum GDF9 or BMP15. An exploratory case–control study was prospectively performed on 60 women who underwent laparoscopy between April 2017 and August 2018 at two hospitals. GDF9 and BMP15 were measured by validated immunoassays in pre-operative serum samples. Data were analysed relative to laparoscopic assessment of endometriosis and staging. There were 35 women with confirmed laparoscopic diagnosis of endometriosis and 25 controls with no evidence of endometriosis at laparoscopy. GDF9 was detectable in 40% of controls and 48% of cases. There was no difference in median GDF9 concentrations between controls (20.0 pg/ml, range 20.0–2504 pg/ml) and cases (20.0 pg/ml, range 20.0–2963 pg/ml). BMP15 was detectable in 48% of controls and 58% of cases, with no difference in median concentrations between controls (26.5 pg/ml, range 24.0–1499 pg/ml) and cases (24.0 pg/ml, range 24.0–796 pg/ml). Furthermore, there were no significant differences in the proportion of detectable samples or concentrations of GDF9 or BMP15 with differing severities of endometriosis. In conclusion, serum concentrations of oocyte-secreted factors, GDF9 and BMP15 did not differ between control patients and patients with endometriosis. For clinical application in reproductive medicine, GDF9 and BMP15 serum biomarker quantitation is unlikely to be aberrant in the presence of endometriosis.
Optimal carbon-electricity trade-offs through the virtual power plant concept
Authors: Nikolaidis Pavlos , Poullikkas Andreas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo ameliorate the increased challenges relating to renewable energy sources set by European Union targets for the 2020, 2030 and 2050 paradigms, in this work a carbon-electricity model is proposed by making use of a virtual power plant mechanism. The radical configuration is arranged for the islanded power system of Cyprus, by making use of internal combustion engines, steam generators and domestic wind, photovoltaic and biomass units. Using an algorithm relied on mixed-integer linear programming, clean resources integration can be enhanced in a cost-effective manner in terms of total production and emission cost. Based on actual data with respect to load demand and power generation, the proposed concept offers optimal carbon-electricity trade-offs in the presence of storage. Specifically, the annual amount of carbon-dioxide emissions decreases by almost 74,000tn increasing the renewables share from 25.73 to 64.33% at the virtual power plant level. The released emissions are completely eliminated by making use of hydrogen derived by renewable hydrogen pathways in 100% renewable systems. The incomes of the assessed scenarios towards 2050 paradigm of de-carbonization are 81.360 M€ and 112.148 M€ for the respective life-cycle analysis without and with regenerative fuel-cell storage facility. As for future directions to research, a more comprehensive carbon-trading system is indicated to consolidate other Greenhouse gas emissions, including carbon oxide (CO), methane (CH4), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2).
Logic of alternative-I
Authors: Deguchi Yasuo , Onishi Takuro , Akiyoshi Ryota , Yagisawa Takashi , Yamamori Maiko 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper aims to construct a logic of alternative-I that provides a proper conceptual framework for talk of possible-I in decision-making context, and thereby solves what we call the paradox of possible-I. The model of our logic, Alt-I model, is an adaptation of N. Belnap’s branching-time model, and the STIT (see to it that) operator defined on the model serves to represent choices and decisions made by actual and counterfactual agents. We conclude this paper by discussing the application of Alt-I model to the case of digital twins, digital copies of a person.
Stakeholder-engaged research is necessary across the criminal-legal spectrum
Authors: Wurcel Alysse G. , Kraus Christina , Johnson O’Dell , Zaller Nicholas D. , Ray Bradley , Spaulding Anne C. , Flynn Tara , Quinn Cynthia , Day Ronald , Akiyama Matthew J. , Del Pozo Brandon , Meyer Fred , Glenn Jason E. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
People with lived experience of incarceration have higher rates of morbidity and mortality compared to people without history of incarceration. Research conducted unethically in prisons and jails led to increased scrutiny of research to ensure the needs of those studied are protected. One consequence of increased restrictions on research with criminal-legal involved populations is reluctance to engage in research evaluations of healthcare for people who are incarcerated and people who have lived experience of incarceration. Ethical research can be done in partnership with people with lived experience of incarceration and other key stakeholders and should be encouraged. In this article, we describe how stakeholder engagement can be accomplished in this setting, and further, how such engagement leads to impactful research that can be disseminated and implemented across disciplines and communities. The goal is to build trust across the spectrum of people who work, live in, or are impacted by the criminal-legal system, with the purpose of moving toward health equity.
The concept of the foreign terrorist fighter: An immanent critique
Authors: Baker-Beall Christopher 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe conflicts in Iraq and Syria have led to concerns in the West over ‘foreign fighters’. Although states are anxious about the role these individuals play in the conflicts they join, their primary concern relates to the perceived ‘terrorist’ threat they pose on their return. This fear has led to an evolution in the international policymaking arena, with foreign fighters now often referred to as ‘foreign terrorist fighters’ (FTFs). A Critical Theory-inspired immanent critique is offered to highlight various problems that exist with the FTF term and to argue policymakers should resist its use. The article demonstrates the importance of language by showing how the invocation of the FTF threat has strengthened the ongoing development of globally coordinated counterterrorism action. Specifically, it argues UN Security Council Resolution 2178, agreed in 2014, generates a legal obligation upon UN member states to implement new counterterrorism laws at national level to combat the perceived threat from FTFs. The article highlights the negative effect these laws have on human rights. It is argued institutions like the UN need to ensure new counterterrorism legal instruments are built from a human rights rather than security-first perspective if commitments to human rights in transnational counterterrorism are to be fully realised.
Early Devonian (Lochkovian) eurypterids from the Yunnan province of southwest China
Authors: Ma Zhiheng , Zhang Tingshan , Lamsdell James C , Chen Jingwen , Selden Paul A , Chen Liurunxuan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTwo new eurypterids, a pterygotidPterygotus wanggaiin. sp. and an adelophthalmoidParahughmilleria fuean. sp., are described from the Early Devonian (Lochkovian) Xiaxishancun Formation of Yunnan province, southwest China. This discovery represents the first record ofParahughmilleriafrom Gondwana and the firstPterygotusfrom China.Pterygotus wanggaiin. sp. is characterized by the first primary denticles (d1,d1′) being located on the middle part of the cheliceral ramus and third primary denticles (d3,d3′) elongate, even longer than the first primary denticles.Parahughmilleria fuean. sp. is differentiated by being a largeParahughmilleriawith strongly developed lateral epimera from tergites T4 to T12. These discoveries not only extend the geographical extent of the generaPterygotusandParahughmilleriafrom Euramerica to SW China, but also give insight into the similarity of ecosystem structures across the Early Devonian world. In addition, based on previous studies, the new discoveries further support the hypothesis that eurypterids underwent a crisis during the Silurian–Devonian boundary interval.
Patterns of polysomnography parameters in 27 neuropsychiatric diseases: an umbrella review
Authors: Zhang Ye , Ren Rong , Yang Linghui , Zhang Haipeng , Shi Yuan , Vitiello Michael V. , Sanford Larry D. , Tang Xiangdong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe provide an umbrella review of the reported polysomnographic changes in patients with neuropsychiatric diseases compared with healthy controls.MethodsAn electronic literature search was conducted in EMBASE, MEDLINE, All EBM databases, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Meta-analyses of case–control studies investigating the polysomnographic changes in patients with neuropsychiatric diseases were included. For each meta-analysis, we estimated the summary effect size using random effects models, the 95% confidence interval, and the 95% prediction interval. We also estimated between-study heterogeneity, evidence of excess significance bias, and evidence of small-study effects. The levels of evidence of polysomnographic changes in neuropsychiatric diseases were ranked as follows: not significant, weak, suggestive, highly suggestive, or convincing.ResultsWe identified 27 articles, including 465 case–control studies in 27 neuropsychiatric diseases. The levels of evidence of polysomnographic changes in neuropsychiatric diseases were highly suggestive for increased sleep latency and decreased sleep efficiency (SE) in major depressive disorder (MDD), increased N1 percentage, and decreased N2 percentage, SL and REML in narcolepsy, and decreased rapid eye movement (REM) sleep percentage in Parkinson's disease (PD). The suggestive evidence decreased REM latency in MDD, decreased total sleep time and SE in PD, and decreased SE in posttraumatic stress disorder and in narcolepsy.ConclusionsThe credibility of evidence for sleep characteristics in 27 neuropsychiatric diseases varied across polysomnographic variables and diseases. When considering the patterns of altered PSG variables, no two diseases had the same pattern of alterations, suggesting that specific sleep profiles might be important dimensions for defining distinct neuropsychiatric disorders.
Maternal adherence to healthy lifestyle and risk of depressive symptoms in the offspring: mediation by offspring lifestyle
Authors: Wang Wei-Chen , Ding Ming , Strohmaier Susanne , Schernhammer Eva , Sun Qi , Chavarro Jorge E. , Tiemeier Henning 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdherence to healthy lifestyles can be beneficial for depression among adults, but the intergenerational impact of maternal healthy lifestyles on offspring depressive symptoms is unknown.MethodsIn total, 10 368 mothers in Nurses' Health Study II and 13 478 offspring in the Growing Up Today Study were paired. Maternal and offspring healthy lifestyles were defined as a composite score including a healthy diet, normal body mass index (BMI), never-smoking, light-to-moderate consumption of alcohol, and regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Maternal lifestyles were assessed during their offspring's childhood. Offspring depressive symptoms were repeatedly assessed five times using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale-10 (CESD-10); the offspring were between the ages of 14 and 30 when the first CESD-10 was assessed. Covariates included maternal variables (age at baseline, race/ethnicity, antidepressant use, pregnancy complications, etc.) and offspring age and sex.ResultsChildren of mothers with the healthiest lifestyle had significantly fewer depressive symptoms (a 0.30 lower CESD-10 score, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.09–0.50) in comparison with children of mothers with the least healthy lifestyle. The association was only found significant in female offspring but not in males. For individual maternal lifestyle factors, a normal BMI, never-smoking, and adherence to regular physical activity were independently associated with fewer depressive symptoms among the offspring. The association between maternal healthy lifestyles and offspring depressive symptoms was mediated by offspring's healthy lifestyles (mediation effect: 53.2%, 95% CI 15.8–87.3).ConclusionsOur finding indicates the potential mechanism of intergenerational transmission of healthy lifestyles to reduce the risk of depressive symptoms in offspring.
Developmental trajectories of internalizing distress among ethnic minoritized mothers following childbirth: Associations with early child psychological adjustment
Authors: Osornio Alisha C. , Lane Sean P. , Urizar Guido G. , Gonzalez Araceli , Halim May Ling D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA substantial body of work has established that mothers’ internalizing distress can negatively affect children’s socioemotional development. Yet few studies have examined how distinct patterns of mothers’ distress over time differentially impact child behaviors across early childhood. To address this gap, the current study explored developmental trajectories of mothers’ internalizing distress and examined the associations of these patterns with child adjustment outcomes. Mexican immigrant, Dominican immigrant, and African American mothers (N = 272) were annually assessed for internalizing distress over the first 6 years following childbirth. Children’s psychological adjustment (internalizing, externalizing, and hyperactivity behaviors) was measured at the last yearly assessment in first grade. A growth mixture model revealed two distinct classes of distress where mothers were classified as having low stable distress (82.4%) or moderate distress that began as stable then declined when their children were 64 months old (17.6%). Children of mothers in the moderate, late decline class showed greater internalizing, externalizing, and hyperactivity behaviors in the first grade compared to children of mothers in the low stable class. Findings highlight the necessity of supporting the mental health of ethnic minoritized mothers following childbirth and further expand our knowledge of family psychopathology to promote healthy psychological adjustment in children.
Public Consumption Multipliers in Slack and Good Periods: Evidence From the Euro Area
Authors: Amendola Marco 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe paper estimates public consumption multipliers and whether they vary depending on the slack of the economy. To this aim, linear and smooth-transition panel local projections are applied to a data set composed of quarterly data on nine selected Euro area countries for the period 1999Q1−2018Q4. The results show that the linear multiplier is approximately 1.3 and so above unity. This is, however, an “average result” as clear evidence is found in favor of state dependency. Particularly, the findings indicate that the multiplier is approximately 2.0 in the slack regime, while it is below 0.5 in the good regime. These results are robust along several dimensions, such as alternative measures of slack and controlling for fiscal foresight. Some linear and state-dependent transmission channels are also investigated.
ELLIPTIC COHOMOLOGY IS UNIQUE UP TO HOMOTOPY
Authors: DAVIES J. M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHomotopy theory folklore tells us that the sheaf defining the cohomology theory
$\operatorname {\mathrm {Tmf}}$
of topological modular forms is unique up to homotopy. Here we provide a proof of this fact, although we claim no originality for the statement. This retroactively reconciles all previous constructions of
$\operatorname {\mathrm {Tmf}}$
.