bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Aseismic Slip Linking Fluid Injection to Natural and Anthropogenic Seismic Swarms
Authors: Danré Philippe , De Barros Louis , Cappa Frédéric , Ampuero Jean‐Paul 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAnthropogenic fluid injections at depth induce seismicity which is generally organized as swarms, clustered in time and space, with moderate magnitudes. Earthquake swarms also occur in various geological contexts such as subduction zones, mountain ranges, volcanic, and geothermal areas. While some similarities between anthropogenic and natural swarms have already been observed, whether they are driven by the same mechanism, or by different factors, is still an open question. Fluid pressure diffusion or aseismic deformation processes are often proposed to explain observations of hypocenters migration during swarms, while recent models suggest that swarm seismicity is rather triggered by fluid‐induced aseismic fault slip. Here, using a global compilation of 22 natural and anthropogenic swarms, we observe that duration, migration velocity, and total moment scale similarly for all swarms. This supports a common driving process for both natural and induced swarms. The scaling relations are similar to those found for slow slip events. These observations highlight the prevalence of fluid‐induced aseismic slip as main driver of earthquakes migration during swarms. After quantifying aseismic slip released in the swarms, we propose an approach to estimate the seismic‐to‐total moment ratio, which we then compare to a theoretical estimation that depends on the migration velocity of the swarm and the effective stress drop. Our findings lead to a generic explanation of the process driving earthquake swarms that might open new possibilities to monitor seismic swarms.
Novel biallelic mutations in TMEM126B cause splicing defects and lead to Leigh-like syndrome with severe complex I deficiency
Authors: Zhou Xiyue , Lou Xiaoting , Zhou Yuwei , Xie Yaojun , Han Xinyu , Dong Qiyu , Ying Xiaojie , Laurentinah Mahlatsi Refiloe , Zhang Luyi , Chen Zhehui , Li Dongxiao , Fang Hezhi , Lyu Jianxin , Yang Yanling , Wang Ya 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLeigh syndrome (LS)/Leigh-like syndrome (LLS) is one of the most common mitochondrial disease subtypes, caused by mutations in either the nuclear or mitochondrial genomes. Here, we identified a novel intronic mutation (c.82-2 A > G) and a novel exonic insertion mutation (c.290dupT) in TMEM126B from a Chinese patient with clinical manifestations of LLS. In silico predictions, minigene splicing assays and patients’ RNA analyses determined that the c.82-2 A > G mutation resulted in complete exon 2 skipping, and the c.290dupT mutation provoked partial and complete exon 3 skipping, leading to translational frameshifts and premature termination. Functional analysis revealed the impaired mitochondrial function in patient-derived lymphocytes due to severe complex I content and assembly defect. Altogether, this is the first report of LLS in a patient carrying mutations in TMEM126B. Our data uncovers the functional effect and the molecular mechanism of the pathogenic variants c.82-2 A > G and c.290dupT, which expands the gene mutation spectrum of LLS and clinical spectrum caused by TMEM126B mutations, and thus help to clinical diagnosis of TMEM126B mutation‐related mitochondrial diseases.
Extending the dynamic temperature range of Boltzmann thermometers
Authors: van Swieten Thomas Pieter , Steenhoff Jesse Merlijn , Vlasblom Auke , de Berg Ravi , Mattern Sam Pieter , Rabouw Freddy Teunis , Suta Markus , Meijerink Andries 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLanthanide-doped (nano)crystals are an important class of materials in luminescence thermometry. The working mechanism of these thermometers is diverse but most often relies on variation of the ratio of emission intensities from two thermally coupled excited states with temperature. At low temperatures, nonradiative coupling between the states can be slow compared to radiative decay, but, at higher temperatures, the two states reach thermal equilibrium due to faster nonradiative coupling. In thermal equilibrium, the intensity ratio follows Boltzmann statistics, which gives a convenient model to calibrate the thermometer. Here, we investigate multiple strategies to shift the onset of thermal equilibrium to lower temperatures, which enables Boltzmann thermometry in a wider dynamic range. We use Eu3+-doped microcrystals as a model system and find that the nonradiative coupling rates increase for host lattices with higher vibrational energies and shorter lanthanide–ligand distances, which reduces the onset temperature of thermal equilibrium by more than 400 K. We additionally reveal that thermometers with excited states coupled by electric-dipole transitions have lower onset temperatures than those with magnetic-dipole-coupled states due to selection rules. These insights provide essential guidelines for the optimization of Boltzmann thermometers to operate in an extended temperature range.
Quantum receiver enhanced by adaptive learning
Authors: Cui Chaohan , Horrocks William , Hao Shuhong , Guha Saikat , Peyghambarian Nasser , Zhuang Quntao , Zhang Zheshen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractQuantum receivers aim to effectively navigate the vast quantum-state space to endow quantum information processing capabilities unmatched by classical receivers. To date, only a handful of quantum receivers have been constructed to tackle the problem of discriminating coherent states. Quantum receivers designed by analytical approaches, however, are incapable of effectively adapting to diverse environmental conditions, resulting in their quickly diminishing performance as the operational complexities increase. Here, we present a general architecture, dubbed the quantum receiver enhanced by adaptive learning, to adapt quantum receiver structures to diverse operational conditions. The adaptively learned quantum receiver is experimentally implemented in a hardware platform with record-high efficiency. Combining the architecture and the experimental advances, the error rate is reduced up to 40% over the standard quantum limit in two coherent-state encoding schemes.
Persistent increase of accumbens cocaine ensemble excitability induced by IRK downregulation after withdrawal mediates the incubation of cocaine craving
Authors: He Guanhong , Huai Ziqing , Jiang Changyou , Huang Bing , Tian Zhen , Le Qiumin , Fan Guangyuan , Li Haibo , Wang Feifei , Ma Lan , Liu Xing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe incubation phenomenon, cue-induced drug craving progressively increasing over prolonged withdrawal, accounts for persistent relapse, leading to a dilemma in the treatment of cocaine addiction. The role of neuronal ensembles activated by initial cocaine experience in the incubation phenomenon was unclear. In this study, with cocaine self-administration (SA) models, we found that neuronal ensembles in the nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh) showed increasing activation induced by cue-induced drug-seeking after 30-day withdrawal. Inhibition or activation of NAcSh cocaine-ensembles suppressed or promoted craving for cocaine, demonstrating a critical role of NAcSh cocaine-ensembles in incubation for cocaine craving. NAcSh cocaine-ensembles showed a specific increase of membrane excitability and a decrease of inward rectifying channels Kir2.1 currents after 30-day withdrawal. Overexpression of Kir2.1 in NAcSh cocaine-ensembles restored neuronal membrane excitability and suppressed cue-induced drug-seeking after 30-day withdrawal. Expression of dominant-negative Kir2.1 in NAcSh cocaine-ensembles enhanced neuronal membrane excitability and accelerated incubation of cocaine craving. Our results provide a cellular mechanism that the downregulation of Kir2.1 functions in NAcSh cocaine-ensembles induced by prolonged withdrawal mediates the enhancement of ensemble membrane excitability, leading to incubation of cocaine craving.
Early-life stress lastingly impacts microglial transcriptome and function under basal and immune-challenged conditions
Authors: Reemst Kitty , Kracht Laura , Kotah Janssen M. , Rahimian Reza , van Irsen Astrid A. S. , Congrains Sotomayor Gonzalo , Verboon Laura N. , Brouwer Nieske , Simard Sophie , Turecki Gustavo , Mechawar Naguib , Kooistra Susanne M. , Eggen Bart J. L. , Korosi Aniko 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEarly-life stress (ELS) leads to increased vulnerability to psychiatric disorders including depression later in life. Neuroinflammatory processes have been implicated in ELS-induced negative health outcomes, but how ELS impacts microglia, the main tissue-resident macrophages of the central nervous system, is unknown. Here, we determined the effects of ELS-induced by limited bedding and nesting material during the first week of life (postnatal days [P]2–9) on microglial (i) morphology; (ii) hippocampal gene expression; and (iii) synaptosome phagocytic capacity in male pups (P9) and adult (P200) mice. The hippocampus of ELS-exposed adult mice displayed altered proportions of morphological subtypes of microglia, as well as microglial transcriptomic changes related to the tumor necrosis factor response and protein ubiquitination. ELS exposure leads to distinct gene expression profiles during microglial development from P9 to P200 and in response to an LPS challenge at P200. Functionally, synaptosomes from ELS-exposed mice were phagocytosed less by age-matched microglia. At P200, but not P9, ELS microglia showed reduced synaptosome phagocytic capacity when compared to control microglia. Lastly, we confirmed the ELS-induced increased expression of the phagocytosis-related geneGAS6that we observed in mice, in the dentate gyrus of individuals with a history of child abuse using in situ hybridization. These findings reveal persistent effects of ELS on microglial function and suggest that altered microglial phagocytic capacity is a key contributor to ELS-induced phenotypes.
Efficacy and safety of radiation therapy in advanced adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: Kimpel Otilia , Schindler Paul , Schmidt-Pennington Laura , Altieri Barbara , Megerle Felix , Haak Harm , Pittaway James , Dischinger Ulrich , Quinkler Marcus , Mai Knut , Kroiss Matthias , Polat Bülent , Fassnacht Martin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
International guidelines emphasise the role of radiotherapy (RT) for the management of advanced adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). However, the evidence for this recommendation is very low.

Methods
We retrospectively analysed all patients who received RT for advanced ACC in five European centres since 2000. Primary endpoint: time to progression of the treated lesion (tTTP). Secondary endpoints: best objective response, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), adverse events, and the establishment of predictive factors by Cox analyses.

Results
In total, 132 tumoural lesions of 80 patients were treated with conventional RT (cRT) of 50–60 Gy (n = 20) or 20–49 Gy (n = 69), stereotactic body RT of 35–50 Gy (SBRT) (n = 36), or brachytherapy of 12–25 Gy (BT) (n = 7). Best objective lesional response was complete (n = 6), partial (n = 52), stable disease (n = 60), progressive disease (n = 14). Median tTTP was 7.6 months (1.0–148.6). In comparison to cRT20-49Gy, tTTP was significantly longer for cRT50-60Gy (multivariate adjusted HR 0.10; 95% CI 0.03–0.33; p < 0.001) and SBRT (HR 0.31; 95% CI 0.12–0.80; p = 0.016), but not for BT (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.22–1.99; p = 0.46). Toxicity was generally mild and moderate with three grade 3 events. No convincing predictive factors could be established.

Conclusions
This largest published study on RT in advanced ACC provides clear evidence that RT is effective in ACC.
“Stromal cells in prostate cancer pathobiology: friends or foes?”
Authors: Pederzoli Filippo , Raffo Massimiliano , Pakula Hubert , Ravera Francesco , Nuzzo Pier Vitale , Loda Massimo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe genomic, epigenetic and metabolic determinants of prostate cancer pathobiology have been extensively studied in epithelial cancer cells. However, malignant cells constantly interact with the surrounding environment—the so-called tumour microenvironment (TME)—which may influence tumour cells to proliferate and invade or to starve and die. In that regard, stromal cells—including fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells and vasculature-associated cells—constitute an essential fraction of the prostate cancer TME. However, they have been largely overlooked compared to other cell types (i.e. immune cells). Indeed, their importance in prostate physiology starts at organogenesis, as the soon-to-be prostate stroma determines embryonal epithelial cells to commit toward prostatic differentiation. Later in life, the appearance of a reactive stroma is linked to the malignant transformation of epithelial cells and cancer progression. In this Review, we discuss the main mesenchymal cell populations of the prostate stroma, highlighting their dynamic role in the transition of the healthy prostate epithelium to cancer. A thorough understanding of those populations, their phenotypes and their transcriptional programs may improve our understanding of prostate cancer pathobiology and may help to exploit prostate stroma as a biomarker of patient stratification and as a therapeutic target.
Unconventional non-local relaxation dynamics in a twisted trilayer graphene moiré superlattice
Authors: Halbertal Dorri , Turkel Simon , Ciccarino Christopher J. , Profe Jonas B. , Finney Nathan , Hsieh Valerie , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Hone James , Dean Cory , Narang Prineha , Pasupathy Abhay N. , Kennes Dante M. , Basov D. N. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe electronic and structural properties of atomically thin materials can be controllably tuned by assembling them with an interlayer twist. During this process, constituent layers spontaneously rearrange themselves in search of a lowest energy configuration. Such relaxation phenomena can lead to unexpected and novel material properties. Here, we study twisted double trilayer graphene (TDTG) using nano-optical and tunneling spectroscopy tools. We reveal a surprising optical and electronic contrast, as well as a stacking energy imbalance emerging between the moiré domains. We attribute this contrast to an unconventional form of lattice relaxation in which an entire graphene layer spontaneously shifts position during assembly, resulting in domains of ABABAB and BCBACA stacking. We analyze the energetics of this transition and demonstrate that it is the result of a non-local relaxation process, in which an energy gain in one domain of the moiré lattice is paid for by a relaxation that occurs in the other.
Discovery and structure of a widespread bacterial ABC transporter specific for ergothioneine
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Gonzalez-Gutierrez Giovanni , Legg Katherine A. , Walsh Brenna J. C. , Pis Diez Cristian M. , Edmonds Katherine A. , Giedroc David P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractL-Ergothioneine (ET), the 2-thioimidazole derivative of trimethylhistidine, is biosynthesized by select fungi and bacteria, notably Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and functions as a scavenger of reactive oxygen species. The extent to which ET broadly functions in bacterial cells unable to synthesize it is unknown. Here we show that spd_1642-1643 in Streptococcus pneumoniae, a Gram-positive respiratory pathogen, encodes an ET uptake ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, designated EgtU. The solute binding domain (SBD) of EgtU, EgtUC, binds ET with high affinity and exquisite specificity in a cleft between the two subdomains, with cation-π interactions engaging the betaine moiety and a network of water molecules that surround the thioimidazole ring. EgtU is highly conserved among known quaternary amine compound-specific transporters and widely distributed in Firmicutes, including the human pathogens Listeria monocytogenes, as BilEB, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus. ET increases the chemical diversity of the low molecular weight thiol pool in Gram-positive human pathogens and may contribute to antioxidant defenses in the infected host.
Intracellular galectin-3 is a lipopolysaccharide sensor that promotes glycolysis through mTORC1 activation
Authors: Chen Xing , Yu Chunyu , Liu Xinhua , Liu Beibei , Wu Xiaodi , Wu Jiajing , Yan Dong , Han Lulu , Tang Zifan , Yuan Xinyi , Wang Jianqiu , Wang Yue , Liu Shumeng , Shan Lin , Shang Yongfeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHow the carbohydrate binding protein galectin-3 might act as a diabetogenic and tumorogenic factor remains to be investigated. Here we report that intracellular galectin-3 interacts with Rag GTPases and Ragulator on lysosomes. We show that galectin-3 senses lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to facilitate the interaction of Rag GTPases and Ragulator, leading to the activation of mTORC1. We find that the lipopolysaccharide/galectin-3-Rag GTPases/Ragulator-mTORC1 axis regulates a cohort of genes including GLUT1, and HK2, and PKM2 that are critically involved in glucose uptake and glycolysis. Indeed, galectin-3 deficiency severely compromises LPS-promoted glycolysis. Importantly, the expression of HK2 is significantly reduced in diabetes patients. In multiple types of cancer including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), galectin-3 is highly expressed, and its level of expression is positively correlated with that of HK2 and PKM2 and negatively correlated with the prognosis of HCC patients. Our study unravels that galectin-3 is a sensor of LPS, an important modulator of the mTORC1 signaling, and a critical regulator of glucose metabolism.
Whole genome sequencing identifies structural variants contributing to hematologic traits in the NHLBI TOPMed program
Authors: Wheeler Marsha M. , Stilp Adrienne M. , Rao Shuquan , Halldórsson Bjarni V. , Beyter Doruk , Wen Jia , Mihkaylova Anna V. , McHugh Caitlin P. , Lane John , Jiang Min-Zhi , Raffield Laura M. , Jun Goo , Sedlazeck Fritz J. , Metcalf Ginger , Yao Yao , Bis Joshua B. , Chami Nathalie , de Vries Paul S. , Desai Pinkal , Floyd James S. , Gao Yan , Kammers Kai , Kim Wonji , Moon Jee-Young , Ratan Aakrosh , Yanek Lisa R. , Almasy Laura , Becker Lewis C. , Blangero John , Cho Michael H. , Curran Joanne E. , Fornage Myriam , Kaplan Robert C. , Lewis Joshua P. , Loos Ruth J. F. , Mitchell Braxton D. , Morrison Alanna C. , Preuss Michael , Psaty Bruce M. , Rich Stephen S. , Rotter Jerome I. , Tang Hua , Tracy Russell P. , Boerwinkle Eric , Abecasis Goncalo R. , Blackwell Thomas W. , Smith Albert V. , Johnson Andrew D. , Mathias Rasika A. , Nickerson Deborah A. , Conomos Matthew P. , Li Yun , Þorsteinsdóttir Unnur , Magnússon Magnús K. , Stefansson Kari , Pankratz Nathan D. , Bauer Daniel E. , Auer Paul L. , Reiner Alex P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGenome-wide association studies have identified thousands of single nucleotide variants and small indels that contribute to variation in hematologic traits. While structural variants are known to cause rare blood or hematopoietic disorders, the genome-wide contribution of structural variants to quantitative blood cell trait variation is unknown. Here we utilized whole genome sequencing data in ancestrally diverse participants of the NHLBI Trans Omics for Precision Medicine program (N = 50,675) to detect structural variants associated with hematologic traits. Using single variant tests, we assessed the association of common and rare structural variants with red cell-, white cell-, and platelet-related quantitative traits and observed 21 independent signals (12 common and 9 rare) reaching genome-wide significance. The majority of these associations (N = 18) replicated in independent datasets. In genome-editing experiments, we provide evidence that a deletion associated with lower monocyte counts leads to disruption of an S1PR3 monocyte enhancer and decreased S1PR3 expression.
Association of wearable device-measured vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity with mortality
Authors: Stamatakis Emmanuel , Ahmadi Matthew N. , Gill Jason M. R. , Thøgersen-Ntoumani Cecilie , Gibala Martin J. , Doherty Aiden , Hamer Mark 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWearable devices can capture unexplored movement patterns such as brief bursts of vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (VILPA) that is embedded into everyday life, rather than being done as leisure time exercise. Here, we examined the association of VILPA with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer mortality in 25,241 nonexercisers (mean age 61.8 years, 14,178 women/11,063 men) in the UK Biobank. Over an average follow-up of 6.9 years, during which 852 deaths occurred, VILPA was inversely associated with all three of these outcomes in a near-linear fashion. Compared with participants who engaged in no VILPA, participants who engaged in VILPA at the sample median VILPA frequency of 3 length-standardized bouts per day (lasting 1 or 2 min each) showed a 38%–40% reduction in all-cause and cancer mortality risk and a 48%–49% reduction in CVD mortality risk. Moreover, the sample median VILPA duration of 4.4 min per day was associated with a 26%–30% reduction in all-cause and cancer mortality risk and a 32%–34% reduction in CVD mortality risk. We obtained similar results when repeating the above analyses for vigorous physical activity (VPA) in 62,344 UK Biobank participants who exercised (1,552 deaths, 35,290 women/27,054 men). These results indicate that small amounts of vigorous nonexercise physical activity are associated with substantially lower mortality. VILPA in nonexercisers appears to elicit similar effects to VPA in exercisers, suggesting that VILPA may be a suitable physical activity target, especially in people not able or willing to exercise.
Estimation of population variance under ranked set sampling method by using the ratio of supplementary information with study variable
Authors: Alam Rabail , Hanif Muhammad , Shahbaz Saman Hanif , Shahbaz Muhammad Qaiser 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn biological and medical research, the cost and collateral damage caused during the collection and measurement of a sample are the reasons behind a compromise on the inference with a fixed and accepted approximation error. The ranked set sampling (RSS) performs better in such scenarios, and the use of auxiliary information even enhances the performance of the estimators. In this study, two generalized classes of estimators are proposed to estimate the population variance using RSS and information of auxiliary variable. The bias and mean square errors of the proposed classes of estimators are derived up to first order of approximation. Some special cases of one of the proposed class of estimators are also considered in the presence of available population parameters. A simulation study was conducted to see the performance of the members of the proposed family by using various sample sizes. The real-life data application is done to estimate the variance of gestational age of fetuses with supplementary information. The results showed that RSS design is a more accurate method than simple random sampling, to determine the population variance of hard-to-measure or destructive sampling units.
Ab initio determination on diffusion coefficient and viscosity of FeNi fluid under Earth’s core condition
Authors: Li Wei-Jie , Li Zi , Ma Zhe , Zhang Ping , Lu Yong , Wang Cong , Jia Qian , Cheng Xue-Bin , Hu Han-Dong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Earth’s outer core is mainly composed of Fe and Ni. The geodynamo of the Earth’s core are closely correlated with the transport properties of the fluid in the Earth’s core. We selected the typical FeNi fluid, and systemically calculated its diffusion coefficient and viscosity under Earth’s core condition by quantum molecular dynamics simulation. The diffusion coefficients are almost constant along the core adiabatic curve. The self-diffusion coefficients of Ni along the core adiabatic curve range from 2.47 × 10−9 to 3.37 × 10−9 m2s−1. The diffusion coefficient increases with temperature increase, while viscosity decrease with temperature increase. The calculations on the transport properties suggest that the Ni impurities have a negligible effect on the diffusion coefficient and viscosity of Earth’s core.