bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating patient values and preferences in healthcare: a systematic review of qualitative evidence
Authors: Tringale Michael , Stephen Genia , Boylan Anne-Marie , Heneghan Carl 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesTo identify and thematically analyse how healthcare professionals (HCPs) integrate patient values and preferences (‘values integration’) in primary care for adults with non-communicable diseases (NCDs).DesignSystematic review and meta-aggregation methods were used for extraction, synthesis and analysis of qualitative evidence.Data sourcesRelevant records were sourced using keywords to search 12 databases (ASSIA, CINAHL, DARE, EMBASE, ERIC, Google Scholar, GreyLit, Ovid-MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science).Eligibility criteriaRecords needed to be published between 2000 and 2020 and report qualitative methods and findings in English involving HCP participants regarding primary care for adult patients.Data extraction and synthesisRelevant data including participant quotations, authors’ observations, interpretations and conclusions were extracted, synthesised and analysed in a phased approach using a modified version of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Data Extraction Tool, as well as EPPI Reviewer and NVivo software. The JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research was used to assess methodological quality of included records.ResultsThirty-one records involving >1032 HCP participants and 1823 HCP-patient encounters were reviewed. Findings included 143 approaches to values integration in clinical care, thematically analysed and synthesised into four themes: (1)approaches of concern; (2)approaches of competence; (3)approaches of communicationand (4)approaches of congruence. Confidence in the quality of included records was deemed high.ConclusionsHCPs incorporate patient values and preferences in healthcare through a variety of approaches including showing concern for the patient as a person, demonstrating competence at managing diseases, communicating with patients as partners and tailoring, adjusting and balancing overall care. Themes in this review provide a novel framework for understanding and addressing values integration in clinical care and provide useful insights for policymakers, educators and practitioners.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020166002.
Transitioning EPMA applications in a large multisite teaching hospital
Authors: Silva Geeth , Hall Graeme , Vogel Aaron , Bourne Tim , Xu Gang 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionUniversity Hospitals of Leicester (UHL) has co-developed and deployed a novel Electronic Prescribing and Medicines Administration (EPMA) application as part of the trust electronic patient record (EPR) programme that meets specific clinical demands and interoperability standards of the National Health Service (NHS) despite clinical pressures from the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsFollowing an initial limited pilot deployment, a big-bang whole site-based approach allowed transition of 1844 acute adult inpatients beds from an existing standalone EMPA to the new system. This project used a frontline driven and agile management strategy. Clinical risk was managed using a combination of standard risk logs, robust clinical prototyping and robust disaster recovery plans. Early engagement with clinical teams allowed for advanced product configuration before live deployment and reduced the need for sustained transition support for clinical staff.ResultsAn iterative, well-governed approach, led by a combination of information technology (IT) and clinical staff with a responsive vendor, enabled a complex new EPMA system in a large acute NHS trust to be deployed with limited resources despite the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.DiscussionThe development and deployment of EMPA and EPR systems across NHS trusts is a key enabler for better healthcare delivery. This case study shows it is possible to deploy a new clinical IT system at scale without interruption of clinical services and with a relatively modest deployment team. Sustainability of the project was also ensured through a clear clinically led governance structure to manage risk quickly and carry lessons learnt onto new developments.
Dynamics of early stages of nose morphogenesis
Authors: Fleury Vincent 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe formation of sensory organs is an important developmental and evolutionary question. In the context of regenerative medicine also, it is important to know as accurately as possible how sensory organs form. The formation of ears, eyes or nose stems presumably from tissue thickenings called placodes Graham and Shimeld (J Anat 222(1):32–40, 2013), Horie et al. (Nature 560:228–232, 2018) which become these organs after processes termed inductions. However, the origin of the placodes, the mechanism of induction and the overall face organization are not understood. Recently, it has been suggested that there is a physical principle to face organization. Indeed, it has been shown that there exists a pattern of rings and rays in the early blastula which defines the position of face landmarks, especially the ears and eyes Fleury et al. (Second order division in sectors as a prepattern for sensory organs in vertebrate development, 2021), Fleury and Abourachid (Eu Phys J E 45:31, 2022). Tensions in the sectors defined by the intersections of the said rings and rays create the actual face features. I report here that a similar situation exists for the nose. This explains the robustness of face formation in the chordates phylum. By studying nasal pit formation in the chicken embryo by time-lapse (T-L) video microscopy, I show that the nasal placode originates in a narrow sector deformed by tension forces following the biaxial pattern of rings and rays mentioned above. Cells align in the pattern and exert organized forces. Further contractions of the pattern contribute to inducing the nasal pit. The observation of the early pre-pattern of lines which locks the facial features explains readily a number of facts regarding sensory organs. Especially the existence of a lacrimal canal between the eye and the nose Lefevre and Freitag (Semin Ophthalmo l 27(5–6):175–86, 2012), or of a slit connecting the nose to the mouth, the correlation between nose, mouth and eye morphogenesis Dubourg et al. (J Rare Dis 2(8), 2007), the presence of shallow valleys on the nasal and optic vesicles, the medio-lateral asymmetry of nostrils with often a bent slit Liu et al. (PLoS ONE 12: e0181928, 2017), the uneven number of nostrils in many fish Cox (J R Soc Interf 5(23):575–593, 2008) and possibly the transition between agnatha and gnathostomes Gai and Zhu (Chinese Sci Bull 57(31), 2012): all appear under this light, geometrically straightforward.
Graphical abstract
Hybrid in-beam PET- and Compton prompt-gamma imaging aimed at enhanced proton-range verification
Authors: Balibrea-Correa J. , Lerendegui-Marco J. , Ladarescu I. , Guerrero C. , Rodríguez-González T. , Jiménez-Ramos M. C. , Fernández-Martínez B. , Domingo-Pardo C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe report on a hybrid in-beam PET and prompt-gamma Compton imaging system aimed at quasi real-time ion-range verification in proton-therapy treatments. Proof-of-concept experiments were carried out at the radiobiology beam line of the CNA cyclotron facility using a set of two synchronous Compton imagers and different target materials. The time structure of the 18 MeV proton beam was shaped with a series of beam-on and beam-off intervals, thereby mimicking a pulsed proton beam on a long time scale. During beam-on intervals, Compton imaging was performed utilizing the high energy $$\gamma$$
γ
-rays promptly emitted from the nuclear reactions occurring in the targets. In the course of the beam-off intervals in situ positron-emission tomography was accomplished with the same imagers using the $$\beta ^{+}$$

β
+

decay of activated nuclei. The targets used were stacks of different materials covering also various proton ranges and energies. A systematic study on the performance of these two complementary imaging techniques is reported and the experimental results interpreted on the basis of Monte Carlo calculations. The results demonstrate the possibility to combine both imaging techniques in a concomitant way, where high-efficiency prompt-gamma imaging is complemented with the high spatial accuracy of PET. Empowered by these results we suggest that a pulsed beam with a suitable duty cycle, in conjunction with in situ Compton- and PET-imaging may help to attain complementary information and quasi real-time range monitoring with high accuracy.
Forms and factors of deterioration of urban art murals under humid temperate climate; influence of environment and material properties
Authors: Rivas Teresa , Alonso-Villar Enrique M. , Pozo-Antonio José S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study describes the different alteration forms in 25 street art murals created between 2007 and 2018 on different substrates and located in different cities in NW Spain. The deterioration forms described affect the entire layer of the paintings as well as the substrates, with the most common being loss of colour (fading), loss of the pictorial layer -with or without loss of part of the substrate and biodeterioration. Physical, chemical, mineralogical and micromorphological analyses of samples from 10 murals revealed that (1) the deterioration mechanisms are related to environmental conditions and also to the inherent properties of the painting materials and to paint-substrate interaction, (2) the deterioration is closely associated with inherent aspects of urban art and (3) the loss of the pictorial record sometimes occurs in a very short period of time. The study findings highlight the need for preventive conservation measures in artworks (generally commissioned) that are intended to last.
Graphical Abstract
Dust and loess as archives and agents of climate and climate change in the late Paleozoic Earth system
Authors: Soreghan Gerilyn S. , Heavens Nicholas G. , Pfeifer Lily S. , Soreghan Michael J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Palaeo-loess and silty aeolian-marine strata are well recognized across the Carboniferous–Permian of equatorial Pangaea. Aeolian-transported dust and loess appear in the Late Devonian in the west, are common by the Late Carboniferous, and predominate across equatorial Pangaea by the Permian. The thickest loess deposits in Earth history – in excess of 1000 m – date from this time, and archive unusually dusty equatorial conditions, especially compared to the dearth of equatorial dust in the Cenozoic. Loess archives a confluence of silt generation, aeolian emission and transport, and ultimate accumulation in dust traps that included ephemerally wet surfaces and epeiric seas. Orogenic belts sourced the silt, and mountain glaciation may have exacerbated voluminous silt production, but remains controversial. In western Pangaea, large rivers transported silt westward, and floodplain deflation supplied silt for loess and dust. Expansion of dust deposition in Late Pennsylvanian time records aridification that progressed across Pangaea, from west to east. Contemporaneous volcanism may have created acidic atmospheric conditions to enhance nutrient reactivity of dusts, affecting Earth's carbon cycle. The late Paleozoic was Earth's largest and most long-lived dust bowl, and this dust represents both an archive and agent of climate and climate change.
Integrating Robot Manufacturer Perspectives into Legible Factory Robot Light Communications
Authors: Bacula Alexandra , Mercer Jason , Berger Jaden , Adams Julie , Knight Heather 
Published: November 2022

In a world with increasing numbers of robots operating in everyday human spaces, the employees at this robotics company are pioneers, with intelligent point-to-point path planning and autonomous transport operations in 150+ factory and warehouse locations in North America. At the time of research, this robotics company consisted of 250 employees. Unlike other industry models, their robots are designed to operate with people in mixed human-machine spaces, yet no HRI style evaluations had previously been run with their robots. As early observers of how factory workers and transport robot interact, across varied job roles ranging from technology design to customer relations, this work sought to leverage employee knowledge and experiences to identify opportunities for improving the communication capabilities of the robots, resulting in the addition of several robot state communications to their initial software set leveraging both employee- and social robotics literature- sourced ideas for communicating with lights. To achieve this a social robotics researcher spent a summer onsite at the robotics company, getting to know their software stack and culture. Her research activities included: (1) a company-wide survey relative to the robot’s light, sound, and motion communications was sent out and analyzed, (2) the development of three new light sets (car-like, sweeping, heartbeat) and five overall states (blocked, at goal, turning, idle), and (3) a user study evaluating the developed light sets relative to the current robot default light patterns, all significantly improving the overall legibility of the targeted robot state communications: at goal, blocked, turning, and idle. Our initial findings advance knowledge in which style of light patterns is best for different communication states, showing that eye-catching lights are best for high urgency states, such as blocked, and subtle lights are best for low urgency states, such as idle. Finally, the latest software release for this robot has deployed a subset of these light patterns to all of their currently operating client sites, i.e., anyone who updates their robots to the latest release will benefit from these research results. This deployment sets the ground for future researchers exploring how end-users at different sites have responded to the new, more communicative light patterns.
On the Discoverability of npm Vulnerabilities in Node.js Projects
Authors: Alfadel Mahmoud , Costa Diego Elias , Shihab Emad , Adams Bram 
Published: November 2022

The reliance on vulnerable dependencies is a major threat to software systems. Dependency vulnerabilities are common and remain undisclosed for years. However, once the vulnerability is discovered and publicly known to the community, the risk of exploitation reaches its peak, and developers have to work fast to remediate the problem. While there has been a lot of research to characterize vulnerabilities in software ecosystems, none have explored the problem taking the discoverability into account.
Therefore, we perform a large-scale empirical study examining 6,546 Node.js applications. We define three discoverability levels based on vulnerabilities lifecycle (undisclosed, reported, and public). We find that although the majority of the affected applications (99.42%) depend on undisclosed vulnerable packages, 206 (4.63%) applications were exposed to dependencies with public vulnerabilities. The major culprit for the applications being affected by public vulnerabilities is the lack of dependency updates; in 90.8% of the cases, a fix is available but not patched by application maintainers. Moreover, we find that applications remain affected by public vulnerabilities for a long time (103 days). Finally, we devise DepReveal, a tool that supports our discoverability analysis approach, to help developers better understand vulnerabilities in their application dependencies and plan their project maintenance.
Loss of NF1 in Melanoma Confers Sensitivity to SYK Kinase Inhibition
Authors: Abecunas Cara , Whitehead Christopher E. , Ziemke Elizabeth K. , Baumann Douglas G. , Frankowski-McGregor Christy L. , Sebolt-Leopold Judith S. , Fallahi-Sichani Mohammad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Neurofibromin 1 (NF1) loss of function (LoF) mutations are frequent in melanoma and drive hyperactivated RAS and tumor growth. NF1LoF melanoma cells, however, do not show consistent sensitivity to individual MEK, ERK, or PI3K/mTOR inhibitors. To identify more effective therapeutic strategies for treating NF1LoF melanoma, we performed a targeted kinase inhibitor screen. A tool compound named MTX-216 was highly effective in blocking NF1LoF melanoma growth in vitro and in vivo. Single-cell analysis indicated that drug-induced cytotoxicity was linked to effective cosuppression of proliferation marker Ki-67 and ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation. The antitumor efficacy of MTX-216 was dependent on its ability to inhibit not only PI3K, its nominal target, but also SYK. MTX-216 suppressed expression of a group of genes that regulate mitochondrial electron transport chain and are associated with poor survival in patients with NF1LoF melanoma. Furthermore, combinations of inhibitors targeting either MEK or PI3K/mTOR with an independent SYK kinase inhibitor or SYK knockdown reduced the growth of NF1LoF melanoma cells. These studies provide a path to exploit SYK dependency to selectively target NF1LoF melanoma cells.

Significance:
A kinase inhibitor screen identifies SYK as a targetable vulnerability in melanoma cells with NF1 loss of function.
Circadian Disruption and Colorectal Cancer Incidence in Black Women
Authors: Barber Lauren E. , VoPham Trang , White Laura F. , Roy Hemant K. , Palmer Julie R. , Bertrand Kimberly A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background:
Animal and experimental studies suggest circadian disruption increases colorectal cancer risk, but evidence in humans is limited. We examined night shift work, chronotype, and residential position within a time zone, proxies for circadian disruption, in relation to colorectal cancer risk.

Methods:
Participants in the Black Women's Health Study, a prospective cohort of 59,000 Black American women established in 1995, reported history of night shift work and chronotype on follow-up questionnaires. Residential position within a time zone was estimated using participant addresses at each questionnaire cycle. Number of colorectal cancer cases and follow-up duration varied by analysis depending on timing of exposure assessment, ranging from 204 over the 2005 to 2018 night shift work study period to 452 over the 1995 to 2018 residential position study period. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results:
Compared with never having worked a night shift, working a night shift for ≥10 years was associated with increased colorectal cancer risk (HR = 1.64; 95% CI, 1.01–2.66). However, shorter duration was not. The HR for evening versus morning chronotype was 0.96 (95% CI, 0.73–1.27). Westward position of residence within a time zone was not associated with colorectal cancer risk (HR per 5-degree longitude increase: 0.92; 95% CI, 0.82–1.03).

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest a possible increased risk of colorectal cancer associated with long duration night shift work; however, results require confirmation in larger studies.

Impact:
Circadian disruption from long-term night shift work may contribute to colorectal cancer development in Black women.
Relation of Pulse Wave Velocity to Contemporaneous and Historical Blood Pressure in Female Twins
Authors: Keehn Louise , Mangino Massimo , Spector Tim , Chowienczyk Phil , Cecelja Marina 
Published: November 2022

Background:
An association between blood pressure and aortic stiffness is well known, but ambiguity remains as to whether one precedes the other. This study aimed to investigate the association of aortic stiffness with contemporaneous versus historic blood pressure and direction of causality between aortic stiffening and hypertension in female twins.

Methods:
Aortic stiffness, measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) was recorded in 2037 female TwinsUK participants (mean age: 62.4±9.7 years) at a single time point. A subset of 947 participants had repeat PWV and MAP measures (mean interval 5.5±1.7 years) with additional historic MAP (mean interval 6.6±3.3 years before baseline).

Results:

Cross-sectional multivariable linear regression analysis confirmed PWV significantly associated with age and MAP. In longitudinal analysis, annual progression of PWV was not associated with historic MAP (standardized beta coefficient [β]=-0.02,
P
=0.698), weakly associated with baseline MAP (β=0.09,
P
=0.049) but strongly associated with progression (from baseline to most recent measurement) of MAP (β= 0.26,
P
<0.001). Progression of MAP associated with both baseline and progression of PWV (β=0.13,
P
=0.003 and β=0.24,
P
<0.001, respectively).

Conclusions:
Progression of aortic stiffness associates more strongly with contemporaneous MAP compared with historic MAP. In contrast, progression of MAP is associated with prior arterial stiffness. These findings suggest a bidirectional relationship between arterial stiffness and blood pressure, and that lowering blood pressure may prevent a cycle of arterial stiffening and hypertension.
Characteristics of Tropical Convective Gravity Waves Resolved by ERA5 Reanalysis
Authors: Pahlavan Hamid A. , Wallace John M. , Fu Qiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The ERA5 reanalysis with hourly time steps and ∼30 km horizontal resolution resolves a substantially larger fraction of the gravity wave spectrum than its predecessors. Based on a representation of the two-sided zonal wavenumber–frequency spectrum, we show evidence of gravity wave signatures in a suite of atmospheric fields. Cross-spectrum analysis reveals (i) a substantial upward flux of geopotential for both eastward- and westward-propagating waves, (ii) an upward flux of westerly momentum in eastward-propagating waves and easterly momentum in westward-propagating waves, and (iii) anticyclonic rotation of the wind vector with time—all characteristics of vertically propagating gravity and inertio-gravity waves. Two-sided meridional wavenumber–frequency spectra, which are computed along individual meridians and then zonally averaged, exhibit characteristics similar to the spectra computed on latitude circles, indicating that these waves propagate in all directions. The three-dimensional structure of these waves is also documented in composites of the temperature field relative to grid-resolved, wave-induced downwelling events at individual reference grid points along the equator. It is shown that the waves radiate outward and upward relative to the respective reference grid points, and their amplitude decreases rapidly with time. Within the broad continuum of gravity wave phase speeds there are preferred values around ±49 and ±23 m s−1, the former associated with the first baroclinic mode in which the vertical velocity perturbations are of the same sign throughout the depth of the troposphere, and the latter with the second mode in which they are of opposing polarity in the lower and upper troposphere.
War-Time Military Service Can Affect Partisan Preferences
Authors: Getmansky Anna , Weiss Chagai M. 
Published: November 2022

Does war-time military service affect partisan preferences? We argue that military service increases the salience and potential costs of war. Therefore, soldiers who serve during mismanaged wars will associate the ruling party with incompetence and be less likely to support the ruling party in the future. To test our argument, we analyze almost 50 years of Israel National Election Studies. Employing a regression discontinuity design, we show that compared with respondents who were too young to serve in the Yom Kippur war, respondents just old enough to serve report lower support for the Labor party well after the war ended. This effect is likely driven by soldiers’ unwillingness to support a party they associate with security incompetence. We further show that the negative effect of military service does not materialize in well-managed wars, contributing to the literature on the political consequences of war and attitude formation.