bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El Ciclón que Nadie Vio: Riesgos que Potenciaron un Desastre en el Noroeste de México
Authors: Mancera González Omar 
Published: February 2022

El calentamiento del Golfo de California generó el primer fenómeno hidrometeorológico en una región donde nunca se había producido un ciclón tropical. La Depresión Tropical 19-E afectó a los estados de Sinaloa, Sonora y Baja California Sur en septiembre de 2018. La temperatura del agua aumentó dos grados generando una tormenta que se desarrolló rápido e impidió la emisión de alertas tempranas. Para determinar los daños sociales y materiales se realizó una investigación etnográfica a partir de las horas posteriores al impacto del ciclón en la ciudad de Culiacán (Sinaloa), y continúo durante varios meses. Los resultados muestran cómo se desenvuelven los sujetos gubernamentales y sociales ante ciclones no esperados o anunciados, donde el desastre y el post-desastre acentuaron la vulnerabilidad de las personas debido a la suma de riesgos añejos con los nuevos. El artículo inicia con una descripción general del noroeste de México hasta llegar al caso de estudio, en un recorrido que muestra el desarrollo del desastre en tiempo real y las consecuencias estructurales de un fenómeno meteorológico que amenaza con repetirse debido al calentamiento global.
Dignificando la Gestión de Riesgo de Desastres: liderazgos femeninos y estrategias comunitarias en el Campamento Dignidad, Santiago de Chile
Authors: Acuña Valentina , Valdivieso Sofía , Juzam Leila 
Published: February 2022

Recientemente, se ha problematizado cómo la Gestión de Riesgo de Desastres, o GRD, conceptualiza la resiliencia y los desastres en asentamiento informales. Mediante un estudio de caso cualitativo y una aproximación que problematiza la escala local, mostramos qué es considerado amenaza por la comunidad y de qué manera se gestiona. De esta manera evidenciamos que las comunidades se enfrentan a múltiples amenazas -pandemia, riesgo de aluvión, inseguridad alimentaria, escasez hídrica, inundaciones e incendios- que son gestionadas partir de estrategias que descansan en la organización comunitaria y redes de solidaridad externas e internas al territorio bajo liderazgos femeninos, colaboración equitativa, apoyo voluntario, identificación política y transmisión de conocimientos locales. Nuestros resultados sugieren dos grandes consideraciones a la GRD en asentamientos informales. Primero, que el concepto de resiliencia en tanto adaptación, debe expandirse a partir de voces subalternas y la noción de dignidad como categoría moral para la transformación, dejando de lado ideas de estabilidad y despolitización. Y segundo, que esta debe estimular políticas de desarrollo que se hagan cargo del problema habitacional y desigualdades de género, problematizando las formas particulares de relación y organización, y por ende, las categorías tradicionales de hogar.
STRUCTURAL ASPECT OF WORD-FORMATION MARKINGS (DERIVED WORDS AND WORD-FORMATION METHODS)
Authors: Zhanabekova A. A. , Pirmanova K. K. 
Published: February 2022

In the national corpus of the Kazakh language, word-formation markings are among the linguistic markings with their own structure, as well as other morphological, lexical and semantic markings. Therefore, when preparing the development of wordformation markings, it is necessary to consider the phenomena characteristic of wordformation markings. In this article, we will focus on the history of word formation proving that word formation is one of the areas of linguistics.This article provides information about derived words and ways of word formation as a structural aspect of word-formation markup.
Multi‐jet fusion for additive manufacturing of radiotherapy immobilization devices: Effects of color, thickness, and orientation on surface dose and tensile strength
Authors: Asfia Amirhossein , Deepak Basaula , Novak James Ivan , Rolfe Bernard , Kron Tomas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractImmobilization devices are used to obtain reproducible patient setup during radiotherapy treatment, improving accuracy, and reducing damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Additive manufacturing is emerging as a viable method for manufacturing and personalizing such devices. The goal of this study was to investigate the dosimetric and mechanical properties of a recent additive technology called multi‐jet fusion (MJF) for radiotherapy applications, including the ability for this process to produce full color parts. Skin dose testing included 50 samples with dimensions 100 mm × 100 mm with five different thicknesses (1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, and 5 mm) and grouped into colored (cyan, magenta, yellow, and black (CMYK) additives) and non‐colored (white) samples. Results using a 6 MV beam found that surface dose readings were predominantly independent of the colored additives. However, for an 18 MV beam, the additives affected the surface dose, with black recording significantly lower surface dose readings compare to other colors. The accompanying tensile testing of 175 samples designed to ASTM D638 type I standards found that the black agent resulted in the lowest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) for each thickness of 1–5 mm. It was also found that the print orientation had influence on the skin dose and mechanical properties of the samples. When all data were combined and analyzed using a multiple‐criteria decision‐making technique, magenta was found to offer the best balance between high UTS and low surface dose across different thicknesses and orientations, making it an optimal choice for immobilization devices. This is the first study to consider the use of color MJF for radiotherapy immobilization devices, and suggests that color additives can affect both dosimetry and mechanical performance. This is important as industrial additive technologies like MJF become increasingly adopted in the health and medical sectors.
Maintaining dosimetric quality when switching to a Monte Carlo dose engine for head and neck volumetric‐modulated arc therapy planning
Authors: Feygelman Vladimir , Latifi Kujtim , Bowers Mark , Greco Kevin , Moros Eduardo G. , Isacson Max , Angerud Agnes , Caudell Jimmy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHead and neck cancers present challenges in radiation treatment planning due to the large number of critical structures near the target(s) and highly heterogeneous tissue composition. While Monte Carlo (MC) dose calculations currently offer the most accurate approximation of dose deposition in tissue, the switch to MC presents challenges in preserving the parameters of care. The differences in dose‐to‐tissue were widely discussed in the literature, but mostly in the context of recalculating the existing plans rather than reoptimizing with the MC dose engine. Also, the target dose homogeneity received less attention. We adhere to strict dose homogeneity objectives in clinical practice. In this study, we started with 21 clinical volumetric‐modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans previously developed in Pinnacle treatment planning system. Those plans were recalculated “as is” with RayStation (RS) MC algorithm and then reoptimized in RS with both collapsed cone (CC) and MC algorithms. MC statistical uncertainty (0.3%) was selected carefully to balance the dose computation time (1–2 min) with the planning target volume (PTV) dose‐volume histogram (DVH) shape approaching that of a “noise‐free” calculation. When the hot spot in head and neck MC‐based treatment planning is defined as dose to 0.03 cc, it is exceedingly difficult to limit it to 105% of the prescription dose, as we were used to with the CC algorithm. The average hot spot after optimization and calculation with RS MC was statistically significantly higher compared to Pinnacle and RS CC algorithms by 1.2 and 1.0 %, respectively. The 95% confidence interval (CI) observed in this study suggests that in most cases a hot spot of ≤107% is achievable. Compared to the 95% CI for the previous clinical plans recalculated with RS MC “as is” (upper limit 108%), in real terms this result is at least as good or better than the historic plans.
Small‐Molecule‐Driven Direct Reprogramming of Fibroblasts into Functional Sertoli‐Like Cells as a Model for Male Reproductive Toxicology
Authors: Yang Yan , Li Quan , Huang Rufei , Xia Huan , Tang Yan , Mai Wanwen , Liang Jinlian , Ma Siying , Chen Derong , Feng Yuqing , Lei Yaling , Zhang Qihao , Huang Yadong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSertoli cells (SCs) are vital to providing morphological and nutritional support for spermatogenesis. Defects in SCs often lead to infertility. SCs transplantation is a promising potential strategy to compensate for SC dysfunction. However, isolation of SCs from testes is impractical due to obvious and ethical limitations. Here, a molecular cocktail is identified comprising of pan‐BET family inhibitor (I‐BET151), retinoic acid, and riluzole that enables the efficient conversion of fibroblasts into functional Sertoli‐like cells (CiSCs). The gene expression profiles of CiSCs resemble those of mature SCs and exhibit functional properties such as the formation of testicular seminiferous tubules, engulfment of apoptotic sperms, supporting the survival of germ cells, and suppressing proliferation of primary lymphocytes in vitro. Moreover, CiSCs are sensitive to toxic substances, making them an alternative model to study the deleterious effects of toxicants on SCs. The study provides an efficient approach to reprogram fibroblasts into functional SCs by using pure chemical compounds.
Substantial Improvement of Operating Stability by Strengthening Metal‐Halogen Bonds in Halide Perovskites
Authors: Chen Xi , Sun Zhiguo , Cai Bo , Li Xiaoming , Zhang Shihua , Fu Di , Zou Yousheng , Fan Zhiyong , Zeng Haibo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSolution‐processed lead halide perovskites (LHPs) hold great promise for low‐cost high‐performance solar cells and light‐emitting devices, but they also suffer from a serious operating instability problem due to the ionic migration and lattice decomposition driven by strong electric fields. Here, considerably suppressed ionic migration and enhanced lattice stability in LHPs with partial substitution of Pb with 3d transition metal (TM: Mn and Ni) are reported. It is experimentally shown that the energy barrier for ionic migration in CsPbBr3 can be increased fourfold by Mn and Ni substitution, even with a small doping level (<4%). However, post‐TM Zn and non‐TM Bi incorporations are less efficient in suppressing ionic migration. The theoretical results reveal that Ni and Mn ions with partially filled 3d orbitals can passivate the active lone‐pair electron of surrounding Pb‐Br octahedrons via a coordination effect and reduce the Pb 6s‐Br 4p antibonding states, resulting in long‐range lattice stabilization and suppressed ionic migration. The Ni incorporation strategy in mixed‐halogen CsPbBr1.5I1.5 is further demonstrated, for which the field‐driven halogen segregation is significantly mitigated and the associated emission color variation is reduced sixfold. This study paves the way for improving the operating stability in LHP‐based optoelectronic and electronic devices.
Microneedle Patches Integrated with Biomineralized Melanin Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Skin Tumor Photothermal Therapy and Wound Healing
Authors: Lei Qi , He Dengfeng , Ding Liangping , Kong Fanhui , He Peiying , Huang Junda , Guo Jimin , Brinker C. Jeffrey , Luo Gaoxing , Zhu Wei , Yu Yunlong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUnhealed wound after malignant skin tumor resection, characterized by full‐thickness cutaneous defects, large open cavities, and incomplete tumor tissue resection are the leading cause for long recovery times, poor prognoses, and high recurrence among patients. Herein, a hyaluronic acid (HA)‐based microneedle (MN) functionalized with biomineralized melanin nanoparticles is fabricated to concurrently administer tumor photothermal therapy (PTT) and promote skin tissue regeneration. Natural melanin nanoparticles derived from cuttlefish ink (CINP) possessing antioxidative and photothermal functionalities are employed to scavenge ROS and implement PTT. Further, CINPs are encapsulated within an amorphous silica shell that served as a source of bioactive to stimulate skin tissue regeneration. Due to the physical penetration characteristics of microneedles, the obtained CINP@SiO2‐HA MNs could exert photothermal eradication of the remaining subcutaneous tumor cells to avoid recurrence and inhibit Staphylococcus aureus infection in wound beds. Moreover, benefiting from ROS‐scavenging and release, inflammatory environment can be well controlled and angiogenic gene expression can be up‐regulated for skin tissue regeneration. With requisite biofunctionality, convenient synthesis, and excellent biocompatibility, CINP@SiO2‐HA MNs accompanied with clinically feasible irradiation meet the multiple demands of tumor eradication and wound healing, holding great potential as a supplementary therapy following skin tumor resection.
Synergy between Palladium Single Atoms and Nanoparticles via Hydrogen Spillover for Enhancing CO2 Photoreduction to CH4
Authors: Liu Peigen , Huang Zixiang , Gao Xiaoping , Hong Xun , Zhu Junfa , Wang Gongming , Wu Yuen , Zeng Jie , Zheng Xusheng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSelective photoreduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) into carbon‐neutral fuels such as methane (CH4) is extremely desirable but remains a challenge since sluggish multiple proton–electron coupling transfer and various C1 intermediates are involved. Herein, a synergistic function between single Pd atoms (Pd1) and Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs) on graphitic carbon nitride (C3N4) for photocatalytic CO2 methanation is presented. The catalyst achieves a high selectivity of 97.8% for CH4 production with a yield of 20.3 µmol gcat.−1 h−1 in pure water. Mechanistic studies revealed that Pd1 sites activated CO2, while PdNPs sites boosted water (H2O) dissociation for increased H* coverage. The H* produced by PdNPs migrate to the Pd1 sites to promote multiple proton–electron coupling transfer via hydrogen spillover. Moreover, the adjacent Pd1 and PdNPs effectively stabilized intermediates such as *CHO, thereby favoring the pathway for CH4 production. This work provides a new perspective into the development of selective photocatalytic CO2 conversion through the artful design of synergistic catalytic sites.
Pristine and Defective 2D Borophene/Graphene Heterostructure as the Potential Anode of Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yu Jianwen , Zhou Ming , Yang Mingyang , Zhang Yibo , Xu Benyan , Li Xuyin , Tao Haonan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBorophene has received much attention due to its unique structure and electronic properties. However, the application of borophene has been limited by the template effect of the growth metal substrate. A stable borophene/graphene (B/G) heterostructure is designed and prepared by the resonance ball milling method and one‐step molding strategy to realize the application of borophene in the lithium‐ion battery for the first time. Graphene serves as a supporting substrate for borophene, and the B/G anode has a better specific capacity and rate performance than the reduced graphene (G) oxide skeleton. By comparing the electrochemical performance of boron powder samples under different ball milling times, it is found that the anode of B/G heterostructure with 6 h boron powder has the largest specific capacity of 192.3 mAh g–1, which is 39% higher than that of the graphene framework. Oxidation functional groups on the surface of borophene are beneficial for the rate performance of the anode. And the influence of the surface functional groups of borophene are analyzed on the diffusion performance through the first principles. It is believed that the B/G has potential for further applications in the field of lithium‐ion batteries.
Enhanced Electrochemical Kinetics on Ni2P Polar Mediators Integrated with Graphene for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Cheng Junhan , Gao Song , Zhao Dan , Rooney David , Zhang Naiqing , Sun Kening 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLithium‐sulfur batteries have evoked intensive attention caused by the urgent requirement of energy storage devices with higher energy density, long cycle life, and low cost. However, the insulating nature and the soluble reaction intermediate products still hinder its large‐scale industry and acceptance by the market. Tremendous efforts focus on the composite of polar material and non‐polar material to solve the weaknesses of material insulating nature and soluble reaction intermediate products. However, the linkage form between these two generic materials has been ignored. In this paper, by using typical Ni2P as polar material and graphene as non‐polar material, the reaction kinetics changes and its intrinsic theories on behavior enhancement have been proved, which construct different binding type between polar and non‐polar materials. The Ni2P/PrGO delivers an improved high specific capacity of 1254.6 mAh g‐1 than Ni2P/rGO at 0.2 C. The relevant X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy result and the in situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests prove that the linkage state between polar and non‐polar material has strong influence on the sulfur cathode reaction kinetics. The enhanced reaction kinetics and polar adsorption behavior bring the soft pack battery testing unit over 150 stable cycles with decay ratio of 0.19% for each cycle.
Periodic Arrays of 3D AuNP‐Capped VO2 Shells and Their Temperature‐Tunable SERS Performance
Authors: Liang Jiran , Yu Lize , Wang Yunxia , Xue Tao , Lei Dangyuan , Wang Zhaoyang , Li Xinzhe 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this work, periodic arrays of 3D composite structures consisting of gold nanoparticle (AuNP) capped VO2 shells on self‐assembled highly‐ordered SiO2 microspheres have been designed and fabricated, and their temperature‐tunable surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performance is investigated. The results show that the SERS intensity enhancement factor (EF) for R6G molecules adsorbed on the AuNP‐capped VO2 shells increases from 8.3 × 105 to 3.9 × 106 when triggering the semiconductor‐to‐metal phase transition of VO2 by temperature rise, which strengthens the plasmonic coupling between the AuNPs and VO2 shells and consequently leads to a larger electric near‐field enhancement at the gaps between neighboring AuNPs. Such periodic arrays of AuNP‐capped VO2 shells with tunable plasmonic coupling can provide great opportunities for various optical applications, such as quantitative SERS detection of analytes, photothermal nano‐regulators, and biosensing in general.
A Quantum Chemistry Approach of Breast Cancer Drugs Bound to Human Serum Albumin
Authors: Tavares Ana Beatriz M.L.A. , Albuquerque Eudenilson L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe bindings of three different anticancer drugs, Cu(BpT)Br (2‐benzoylpyridine thiosemicarbazone copper), NAMI‐A (imidazolium trans‐imidazoledimethylsulphoxide‐tetrachlorido ruthenate), and DOX (doxorubicin), widely used in the breast cancer treatment, to human serum albumin (HSA) are investigated using a quantum chemistry approach based on the density functional theory calculations employing a dispersion corrected exchange‐correlation functional within a fragmentation strategy. As a consequence, it is possible to identify the magnitude of the most relevant quantum binding interactions of these supramolecular complexes, and thus guide their molecular modification process. The data obtained in this work highlight the power of quantum calculations as an important tool for the drug design process, and pave the way for the use of HSA‐ligand interactions during the rational design of new anticancer compounds. More important, the results show that HSA/multi‐drug complex, formed by the combination of the three individual anticancer drugs [Cu(BpT)Br]–(NAMI‐A)–(DOX), increases the targeting ability compared with each single drug's interaction with HSA, in agreement with in vivo predictions.
Biodegradable Elastomers and Gels for Elastic Electronics
Authors: Chen Shuo , Wu Zekai , Chu Chengzhen , Ni Yufeng , Neisiany Rasoul Esmaeely , You Zhengwei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBiodegradable electronics are considered as an important bio‐friendly solution for electronic waste (e‐waste) management, sustainable development, and emerging implantable devices. Elastic electronics with higher imitative mechanical characteristics of human tissues, have become crucial for human‐related applications. The convergence of biodegradability and elasticity has emerged a new paradigm of next‐generation electronics especially for wearable and implantable electronics. The corresponding biodegradable elastic materials are recognized as a key to drive this field toward the practical applications. The review first clarifies the relevant concepts including biodegradable and elastic electronics along with their general design principles. Subsequently, the crucial mechanisms of the degradation in polymeric materials are discussed in depth. The diverse types of biodegradable elastomers and gels for electronics are then summarized. Their molecular design, modification, processing, and device fabrication especially the structure–properties relationship as well as recent advanced are reviewed in detail. Finally, the current challenges and the future directions are proposed. The critical insights of biodegradability and elastic characteristics in the elastomers and gel allows them to be tailored and designed more effectively for electronic applications.
Semi‐Planar Non‐Fullerene Molecules Enhance the Durability of Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Hairui , Zhang Zuhong , Su Zhenhuang , Zuo Weiwei , Tang Ying , Yang Feng , Zhang Xilin , Qin Chaochao , Yang Jien , Li Zhe , Li Meng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFlexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs) represent a promising technology in the development of next‐generation photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices. SnO2 electron transport layers (ETL) typically undergo significant cracking during the bending process of FPSCs, which can significantly compromise their charge transport properties. Herein, the semi‐planar non‐fullerene acceptor molecule Y6 (BT‐core‐based fused‐unit dithienothiophen [3,2‐b]‐pyrrolobenzothiadiazole derivative) is introduced as the buffer layer for SnO2‐based FPSCs. It is found that the Y6 buffer layer can enhance the ability of charge extraction and bending stability for SnO2 ETL. Moreover, the internal stress of perovskite films is also reduced. As a result, SnO2/Y6‐based FPSCs achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.09% and retained over 80% of their initial efficiency after 1000 bending cycles at a curvature radius of 8 mm, while SnO2‐based devices only retain 60% of their initial PCE (18.60%) upon the same bending cycles. In addition, the interfacial charge extraction is also effectively improved in conjunction with reduced defect density upon incorporation of Y6 on the SnO2 ETL, as revealed by femtosecond transient absorption (Fs‐TA) measurements.