bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Samaki Salama for healthy child growth and sustainable fisheries in coastal Kenya: study protocol
Authors: Blackmore Ivy , Wamakota Andrew , Kamau-Mbuthia Elizabeth , Humphries Austin , Lesorogol Carolyn , Cohn Rachel , Sarange Catherine , Mbogholi Francis , Obata Clay , Cheupe Christopher , Cheupe Joaquim , Sherburne Lisa , Chapnick Melissa , Cartmill Mary Kate , Iannotti Lora 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
One in five young children globally suffer the consequences of stunted growth and development and millions experience deficiencies in zinc, iron, iodine, vitamins A and B12, nutrients found bioavailable in fish foods. Small-scale fisheries have the potential to generate income and augment fish consumption while being environmentally sustainable if appropriately managed. However, those engaged in small-scale fisheries are often marginalized, poor, and malnourished. The Samaki Salama project seeks to better understand and address these challenges through a three-arm, longitudinal matched cluster study which evaluates the impact of an integrated nutrition social marketing and modified fishing trap intervention.
Methods
There will be 400 small-scale fisher households enrolled from Kilifi county, Kenya and residing in communities matched on location (rural), livelihoods, and child nutritional status. The sample will include mothers and other caregivers, children 6–60 months, and fishers in the family. Applying a cluster design, the matched communities will be divided into three groups: (1) control; (2) multi-tiered nutrition social marketing intervention to fishers, mothers, and health workers; and (3) multi-tiered nutrition social marketing intervention plus modified fishing traps and training. Primary outcomes include child growth, fish food intakes, and fisheries yield of mature fish. Secondary outcomes are diet diversity, child diarrheal morbidity, and fisheries revenue. A process evaluation will be used to monitor and ensure fidelity of intervention delivery.
Discussion
This study builds on a growing body of literature illustrating the effectiveness of nutrition focused social marketing campaigns to promote active engagement of participants, high compliance to the intervention, and sustained behavior change. The second intervention element of modified fishing traps that allow immature fish to escape enables participants to act on the messaging they receive and promotes sustainable fishing through increased harvest efficiency and reduced catch of immature fish. Samaki Salama’s integrated approach provides an example of how to leverage multiple disciplines to address key challenges to human and environmental health and illustrates a pathway for scaling study innovations to other small-scale fisheries systems.
Towards measuring effective coverage: critical bottlenecks in quality- and user-adjusted coverage for major depressive disorder in São Paulo metropolitan area, Brazil.
Authors: Franca Mariane Henriques , Bharat Chrianna , Novello Ercole , Hwang Irving , Medina-Mora Maria Elena , Benjet Corina , Andrade Laura Helena , Vigo Daniel V. , Viana Maria Carmen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) contributes to a significant proportion of disease burden, disability, economic losses, and impact on need of treatment and health care in Brazil, but systematic information about its treatment coverage is scarce. This paper aims to estimate the gap in treatment coverage for MDD and identify key bottlenecks in obtaining adequate treatment among adult residents in the São Paulo Metropolitan area, Brazil. Methods: A representative face-to-face household survey was conducted among 2,942 respondents aged 18+ years to assess 12-month MDD, characteristics of 12-month treatment received, and bottlenecks to deliver care through the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Results: Among those with MDD (n=491), 164 (33.3% [SE, 1.9]) were seen in health services, with an overall 66.7% treatment gap, and only 25.2% [SE, 4.2] received effective treatment coverage, which represents 8.5% of those in need, with a 91.5% gap in adequate care (66.4% due to lack of utilization and 25.1% due to inadequate quality and adherence). Critical service bottlenecks identified were: use of psychotropic medication (12.2 percentage points drop), use of antidepressants (6.5), adequate medication control (6.8), receiving psychotherapy (19.8). Conclusions: This is the first study demonstrating the huge treatment gaps for MDD in Brazil, considering not only overall coverage, but also identifying specific quality- and user-adjusted bottlenecks in delivering pharmacological and psychotherapeutic care. These results call for urgent combined actions focused in reducing effective treatment gaps within services utilization, as well as in reducing gaps in availability and accessibility of services, and acceptability of care for those in need.
High dynamic range dual-modal white light imaging system improves the accuracy of tumor bed sampling after neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer
Authors: Liu Yueping , Yao Jianhua , Bu Hong , Zhang Meng , Liao Jun , Jia Zhanli , Qin Chenchen , Zhang Lingling , Wang Han , Liu Yao , Jiang Cheng , Han Mengxue , Li Jinze , Wang Kun , Wang Xinran 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Accurate evaluation of residual cancer burden (RCB) remains challenging due to the lack of appropriate techniques for tumor bed sampling. Therefore, this study evaluated the application of white light imaging system in assisting pathologists differentiating the components and location of tumor bed in specimens.
Methods
The high dynamic range dual-mode white light imaging system (HDWIS) was developed to capture anti-glare reflection and high dynamic range (HDR) transmission images and was tested in sixty specimens of modified radical mastectomy after neoadjuvant therapy. We observed the differential transmittance among tumor tissue, fibrosis tissue and adipose tissue. The sensitivity and specificity of HDWIS were compared with x-ray or visual examination to determine whether HDWIS was superior in identifying tumor beds.
Results
We found tumor tissues had lower transmittance (0.12 ± 0.03) than fibers (0.15 ± 0.04) and fats (0.27 ± 0.07) (P < 0.01). HDWIS was more sensitive in identifying fiber and tumor tissues than cabinet X-ray and visual observation (P < 0.01). In addition, HDWIS could identify more fibrosis areas than the currently used Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) did in 12 samples (12/60).
Conclusions
We have determined that HDWIS can provide more in-depth tumor bed information than X-ray and visual examination do, which will help prevent the diagnostic error in tumor bed sampling.
The Impact of the Preoperative Red Blood Cell Distribution Width Value on Weight Loss Estimation After Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Erozkan Kamil , Firat Ozgur , Demir Batuhan , Vatansever Safa , Sezer Taylan Ozgur , Ersin Sinan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
PurposeMorbid obesity is a common health problem. One of the most effective methods for losing weight is surgery. There are many studies to predict weight loss after surgery and these studies generally preferred inflammatory parameters, especially C-reactive protein. We aimed to evaluate whether RDW has a predictive impact on weight loss after obesity surgery.MethodsThis was a single-institution retrospective study. The lowest weight and BMI were determined and %EBMIL and %EWL were calculated. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the variables affecting the %EBMIL and %EWL values. In univariate analysis between dependent and independent variables and descriptive and clinical characteristics, variables with a p-value of <0.25 were considered as confounding factors. Surgery of patients with %EMBIL ³ 50% and %EWL ³ 25% was consideredResultsHundred and ten patients were included in the study. The %EBMIL values of patients with RDW>14.5% were 10.51 units lower than patients with RDW≤14.5%. The %EWL values are 5.17 units lower. In the evaluation of successful surgeries, the probability of failure for those with RDW>14.5% is 10.93 times higher for %EBMIL and 21.55 times for %EWL.ConclusionPreoperative RDW value can be used as a predictor of weight loss and surgical success after sleeve gastrectomy. It can provide an idea about whether the patient will lose enough weight and the success of the surgery. This study will shed light on larger studies that will examine the effect of inflammatory parameters on weight loss after bariatric surgery.
Human primary Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 infections result in sub-lineage-specific neutralization
Authors: Stiasny Karin , Medits Iris , Springer David , Graninger Marianne , Camp Jeremy , Höltl Eva , Aberle Stephan , Traugott Marianna , Hoepler Wolfgang , Deutsch Josef , Lammel Oliver , Borsodi Christian ,   Elisabeth Puchhammer-St&#x00F6, Zoufaly Alexander , Weseslindtner Lukas , Aberle Judith 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

The recently emerged Omicron variant is the most antigenically distinct SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern to date. As the heavily mutated spike protein enables escape from neutralizing antibodies, we studied the neutralizing activities of sera after Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 infections of naïve and vaccinated individuals. We show that primary BA.1 infections yielded reduced neutralizing antibody titers against wildtype (WT), Delta, and BA.2, while serum samples from individuals after BA.2 infection showed no cross-neutralization against the other variants. Fully vaccinated individuals were still able to neutralize both Omicron sub-lineages up to three months after vaccination, and Omicron-breakthrough infections showed equal cross-neutralizing activities against WT, Delta, BA.1, and BA.2. Our data demonstrate that Omicron variants are able to enhance cross-neutralizing antibodies in pre-immune individuals. Primary infections with one of the Omicron sub-lineages, however, induced variant-specific neutralizing antibodies. In particular, BA.2 infections generated a sub-lineage-specific response, emphasizing its antigenic distance.
Desert dunes transformed by end-of-century changes in wind climate
Authors: Baas Andreas , Delobel Lucie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Sand dunes in arid regions are significant mobile landforms which require adaptation and mitigation strategies for protecting human infrastructure and economic assets from encroachment, and which play a significant role in desertification and atmospheric dust emissions. Here we show how the shape, migration speed and direction of active desert dunes around the world are projected to change by the end of this century, in response to shifts in sand-moving wind regime associated with climate change under the SSP5-8.5 scenario. We find significant transformations in dune dynamics for many sand seas and dune fields across the Sahara, The Horn of Africa, the Southern Arabian Peninsula, South-Asia, China, and Australia – as well as increased potential of sand sea expansion and re-activation of dormant dune fields – which we can link to alterations in the Hadley circulation, extra-tropical cyclone activity, and monsoon systems resulting from global warming.
MIR99AHG promotes invadopodia formation in colorectal cancer metastasis by tuning PTBP1-mediated splicing modulation of SMARCA1
Authors: Li Danxiu , Wang Xin , Miao Hui , Liu Hao , Pang Maogui , Guo Hao , Ge Minghui , Ye Xiaoni , Glass Sarah E. , Emmrich Stephan , Wang Jing , Liu Qi , Kim Taewan , Klusmann Jan-Henning , Li Cunxi , Ji Gang , Nie Yongzhan , Wu Kaichun , Fan Daiming , Song Xu , Wang Xing , Li Ling , Lu Yuanyuan , Zhao Xiaodi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Metastasis leads to recurrence and death in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients; however, mechanisms underlying CRC metastasis, especially in its initial stages, remain largely unknown. In this study, we aim to identify long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) functionally involved in CRC metastasis initiation and their regulation that could lead to targeted therapeutics.
Methods
We performed whole transcriptome sequencing using CRC cell lines with divergent spontaneous metastatic properties. The biological roles and mechanisms of lncRNA MIR99AHG were characterized with a series of in vitro and in vivo models and molecular analyses.
Results
MIR99AHG was upregulated in CRC patients and associated with tumor stage and prognosis. MIR99AHG potently drove migration, invasion and metastasis in CRC cells, and these effects were dependent on its role in promoting invadopodia formation. MIR99AHG interacted with RNA splicing factor PTBP1, which cooperatively modulated alternative splicing of chromatin remodeling gene SMARCA1. Mechanistically, MIR99AHG acted as an address label for PTBP1 to direct its binding to the 5’ splice site of SMARCA1 intron 12, thereby facilitating inclusion of the alternative exon 13 to generate a long isoform (SMARCA1-L). The canonical SMARCA1 inhibited cell migration and invasion and suppressed a core set of genes involved in invadopodia, but the SMARCA1-L was functionally inert in metastasis suppression. Clinically, SMARCA1-L levels were positively correlated with MIR99AHG and PTBP1 in patients with metastatic CRC.
Conclusions
This study identified that invadopodia was regulated by a splicing switch of SMARCA1 due to the interaction between MIR99AHG and PTBP1, highlighting a novel regulatory mode mediated by lncRNA in alternative splicing of chromatin remodeler during CRC metastasis.
Development of molecular subtype and prognostic model related to metabolism-related genes in high-grade serous ovarian cancer: A study based on ten cohorts
Authors: Li Tianren , Sun Dan , Xue Hui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is a subtype of ovarian cancer with poor survival. At present, there are no good prognostic markers to guide treatment. Tumor metabolism plays a vital role in HGSOC; however, current knowledge on this topic is incomplete.
Method
We downloaded ten ovarian cancer cohorts from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases and identified 1525 platinum-treated HGSOC samples. Metabolic-related genes were identified in the Molecular Signatures Database, and consensus clustering was used to identify HGSOC metabolic subtypes. We used the least absolute shrinkage and the selection operator to construct a metabolic-related prognostic model. Finally, we analyzed the potential biological characteristics of high- and low-risk groups by calculating the degree of immune cell infiltration and enrichment analysis.
Results
We identified two metabolic subtypes (clusters 1 and 2) in the cohort of TCGA-OV. Cluster 2 was poor, primarily enriched in carbohydrate processes, and cluster 1 was enriched primarily in respiratory processes. We constructed a 16-metabolic gene-related model that successfully predicted the overall survival rate in TCGA-OV, GPL96-OV, GPL570-OV, and GPL6480-OV cohorts. The model was suitable for predicting progression-free survival. Patients at high risk were prone to infiltration with activated mast cells, while patients at low risk were prone to infiltration of T cell follicular helper cells. Pathway enrichment analysis showed significant DNA replication enrichment in the low-risk group.
Conclusion
We performed a comprehensive analysis of metabolic genes that will aid the study of the metabolic mechanisms of ovarian cancer. Identifying metabolic gene-related subtypes and generating a prognostic model will help predict the risk of HGSOC and identify appropriate treatments to prolong survival and improve quality of life in HGSOC patients.
Quantifying Neurological Examination in 21st Century:Yilmaz-Ilbay Plantar Flexion Test, A Reliable Test for Evaluating Plantar Flexion in L5-S1 Disc Herniation
Authors: Yilmaz Murat , Ilbay Gul , Yilmaz Huriye Erbak , Ertem Onder , Erbayraktar Serhat , Ilbay Konuralp 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
ObjectivesTo evaluate a new examination technique that can quantitatively measure plantar flexion in L5-S1 disc herniation.Materials and methodsIn this study only subjects with L5-S1 disc herniations were included total number of patients was 32 and 18 had left sided herniations while 14 had right sided herniations. The patient to be tested stands next to a table on which they can lean with their hands. The leg closer to the table is fully flexed at the knee and the other foot is brought to maximum plantar flexion on the toes. At this point a stopwatch is started to measure the time that passes until the muscles fatigue and the heel falls. During the application of the test, the differences between the right and left plantar flexion times were noted. At the same time, three different physicians graded muscle strength with the classical "The Medical Research Council of the United Kingdom" method. All findings were recorded.ResultsYilmaz-Ilbay plantar flexion test gave the correct classification for all cases. In our series, the average age was 49.4 years (range: 23 to 78). In all patients, the time until fatigue in right and left plantar flexion was measured with the method we described, and video recording of each test was taken with the permission of the patients. Data gathered from the patients were analyzed.ConclusionsWe suggest our novel method ‘’Yilmaz-Ilbay plantar flexion test’’ as a useful, practical and effective test to detect quantitative evaluation of plantar flexion in L5-S1 herniation.
Gold nanoparticles’ concentration dependent reactivity to alendronate, memantine, and tobramycin
Authors: Mabrouk Mokhtar M. , Ebeid El Zeiny M. , Hamid Mohamed A. Abdel , Eissa Dina M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Turkevich Gold nanoparticles are the original nanoparticles that have been modified over time. Combining nanoparticles with targeting medications such as alendronate, memantine, and tobramycin will provide additional benefits in targeting specific areas in the bone, brain, and microorganisms, respectively. The reactivity and stability of nanoparticles in the presence of various drug concentrations (micro-, nano-, and milli-levels) have been studied. The absorbance spectra of nanoparticles at λmax 520 nm were always stable with alendronate, whereas with memantine and tobramycin, the spectra were unchanged (no color change) in the nano- level over twenty minutes and red shifts (color change) occurred in the micro-level. High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and • Dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed that the core diameter was relatively stable in all cases, whereas the hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential varied with drug concentration. Increasing concentration increased hydrodynamic diameter slightly with memantine (from 64.99 to 98.41 nm), dramatically with tobramycin (from 135.3 to 332.16 nm), and almost negligibly with alendronate (from 52.08 to 58.94 nm). Zeta potential, conversely, is reduced as concentration increases. Memantine had the greatest reduction in negativity, followed by tobramycin, but alendronate had a slight increase in negativity. This research would be useful for the application of gold nanoparticles in targeted drug delivery, where the stability and reactivity of gold nanoparticles are critical.
Evaluation of the relationship between different variants of Alpha 1 antitrypsin and the severity of COVID-19 disease
Authors: Hakhamaneshi Mohammad Saeed , Khalilzadeh¹ Parisa , Abdi Mohammad , Nouri Bijan , Nasseri Karim , Nasseri Sherko 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background and Aim: In late 2019, incidence of respiratory diseases increased due to the outbreak of Corona virus. A1AT is a serine protease which its deficiency causes lung disease. In this study, it was hypothesized that different variants of SERPINA1 gene affect the severity of COVID-19 disease.Materials and methods: 42 Swab samples containing purified DNA along with RNA virus, patients with COVID-19 from the age of 25-60 years were classified into three study groups contain of 14 patients each; outpatients, inpatients and the patients that admitted in intensive care units. The PCR method were used to amplification, of SERPINA1 gene, then the PCR product were sequenced by Sanger sequencing and the results were analyzed. Results: The result of this study depicted that in the 3 outpatient, inpatient, and ICU study groups, the non-synonymous SNP, polymorphism in locus 5895 C> G (exon 2) with a frequency of 33.3% in which the amino acid alanine was changed to glycine was observed in the ICU group ,while in outpatient, inpatient groups two non-synonymous polymorphisms in locus 5646 and 5892 (exon 2) were reported , due to the high frequency of polymorphisms at position 5895 in the ICU group compared to other study groups may be related to the severity of symptoms of COVID-19 disease with this polymorphism Also, among the synonymous polymorphisms of SNP, in locus 11295 (exon 5) with a frequency of 21.4% in the outpatient group, probably showed the highest resistance against COVID-19.
Radiographic assessment of different autogenous bone grafts in the alveolar cleft: a retrospective longitudinal study
Authors: Strujak Guilherme , Marlière Daniel Amaral Alves , Medeiros Yuri de Lima , Carlini João Luiz , de Lima Antônio Adilson Soares 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To assess feasibility and maintenance of bone after alveolar cleft reconstructions using graft from iliac crest and mandibular synthesis.Methods: 51 alveolar clefts grafted with iliac crest and 51 ones grafted with mandibular symphysis bones were selected from patients aged between 7 and 12 years. At three (T1) and 12 months (T2) after surgeries, periapical radiographs were performed to measure the height of the grafted bone based on the Bergland scale. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon tests compared differences between T1 and T2 according to each bone graft. Results: From the clefts grafted with mandibular symphysis bone, 47 were classified as type I (92.5%) and 04 as type II (7.84%) at T1. At T2, 36 were classified as type II (25.49%) and 02 as type III (3.92%). In the analysis of the clefts grafted with iliac crest at T1, 48 were classified as type I (94.11 %) and three as type II (5.88%). At T2, 37 classifieds as type I (72.54%), 12 as type II (23.52%) and two as type III (3.92%). There was no statistically significant difference between treatments.Conclusions: It was concluded that iliac crest and mandibular symphysis are adequate areas from which bone grafts can be obtained for reconstruction of alveolar cleft.