bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conscious agency vs. pre‐conscious sensory filtering: Disparate suppression of trigeminal blink reflex by self‐stimulation and by prepulses
Authors: Versace Viviana , Campostrini Stefania , Dezi Sabrina , Sebastianelli Luca , Ortelli Paola , Saltuari Leopold , Valls‐Solé Josep , Kofler Markus 
Published: September 2022

AbstractModulation of the blink reflex (BR) to supraorbital nerve (SON) stimulation by a weak somatosensory prepulse (sPP) consists of inhibition of R2 and facilitation of R1. Similar BR changes occur with self‐stimulation. Our aim was to compare neurophysiological processes underlying both effects. We assessed BR parameters in 18 healthy participants following right SON stimulation either performed by an experimenter (experiment 1A) or following self‐stimulation (experiments 1B, 1C). In experiments 1A and 1C, sPPs to digit 2 preceded SON stimuli by 40, 100, 200 and 500 ms. In experiment 1B: self‐stimulation was delayed by 40, 100, 200, and 500 ms. In experiment 2, BRs were elicited by an experimenter randomly during a 2‐s period before participants applied self‐stimulation. In experiment 1, as expected, sPPs caused facilitation of R1 and inhibition of R2, which peaked at 100 ms ISI, similarly in experiments 1A and 1C. Self‐stimulation caused a decrease of R2, which was evident in a broad range of time intervals. In experiment 2, R2 was already inhibited at the onset of the 2‐s period, while R1 began to rise significantly 1.4 s before self‐stimulation. Both effects progressively increased until self‐triggering. The results concur with a time‐locked gating mechanism of prepulses at brainstem level, whereas self‐stimulation modulates BR in a tonic manner, reflecting a cognitive influence due to self‐agency.
A new genus in the diverse Andean Pedaliodes complex uncovered using target enrichment (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)
Authors: Pyrcz Tomasz Wilhelm , Lachowska‐Cierlik Dorota , Willmott Keith Richard , Mrozek Artur , Mahecha‐Jiménez Oscar , Fåhraeus Christer , Boyer Pierre , Martín Sebastián , Espeland Marianne 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA new genus of Neotropical Satyrinae butterflies, Viloriodes Pyrcz & Espeland gen. n. is described in the Pedaliodes Butler complex comprising 11–13 genera and more than 400 species. Support for the new genus is provided by a phylogenetic analysis based on target enrichment (TE) data including 618 nuclear loci with a total of 248,940 nucleotides, and the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI). Five species, whose DNA sequences were obtained by TE during this study, form a strongly supported clade sister to the large clade comprising Pedaliodes and four other genera. Complementary COI analysis confirms the monophyly of Viloriodes gen. n., with the above five plus eight other species clustering in highly supported clades in both Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood analyses, and a TE + COI concatenated tree. Based on molecular and morphological data, 30 species are assigned to Viloriodes gen. n. The new genus can be recognized by a set of subtle morphological characteristics of colour patterns and male and female genitalia. An analysis of divergence times indicates that Viloriodes gen. n. and Steromapedaliodes Forster separated around 5.9 Mya. Viloriodes gen. n. has a wider geographic distribution than any other genus of the Pedaliodes complex, being found from central Mexico to northern Argentina and to the Guyana Shield, typically occurring at lower elevations than Pedaliodes.
OsDWD1 E3 ligase‐mediated OsNPR1 degradation suppresses basal defense in rice
Authors: Choi Changhyun , Im Jong Hee , Lee Jinjeong , Kwon Soon Il , Kim Woe‐Yeon , Park Sang Ryeol , Hwang Duk‐Ju 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARYMany ubiquitin E3 ligases function in plant immunity. Here, we show that Oryza sativa (rice) DDB1 binding WD (OsDWD1) suppresses immune responses by targeting O. sativa non‐expresser of pathogenesis‐related gene 1 (OsNPR1) for degradation. Knock‐down and overexpression experiments in rice plants showed that OsDWD1 is a negative regulator of the immune response and that OsNPR1 is a substrate of OsDWD1 and a substrate receptor of OsCRL4. After constructing the loss‐of‐function mutant OsDWD1R239A, we showed that the downregulation of OsNPR1 seen in rice lines overexpressing wild‐type (WT) OsDWD1 (OsDWD1WT‐ox) was compromised in OsDWD1R239A‐ox lines, and that OsNPR1 upregulation enhanced resistance to pathogen infection, confirming that OsCRL4OsDWD1 regulates OsNPR1 protein levels. The enhanced disease resistance seen in OsDWD1 knock‐down (OsDWD1‐kd) lines contrasted with the reduced disease resistance in double knock‐down (OsDWD1/OsNPR1‐kd) lines, indicating that the enhanced disease resistance of OsDWD1‐kd resulted from the accumulation of OsNPR1. Moreover, an in vivo heterologous protein degradation assay in Arabidopsis thaliana ddb1 mutants confirmed that the CUL4‐based E3 ligase system can also influence OsNPR1 protein levels in Arabidopsis. Although OsNPR1 was degraded by the OsCRL4OsDWD1‐mediated ubiquitination system, the phosphodegron‐motif‐mutated NPR1 was partially degraded in the DWD1‐ox protoplasts. This suggests that there might be another degradation process for OsNPR1. Taken together, these results indicate that OsDWD1 regulates OsNPR1 protein levels in rice to suppress the untimely activation of immune responses.
Liguleless narrow and narrow odd dwarf act in overlapping pathways to regulate maize development and metabolism
Authors: Abraham‐Juárez María Jazmín , Busche Michael , Anderson Alyssa A. , Lunde China , Winders Jeremy , Christensen Shawn A. , Hunter Charles T. , Hake Sarah , Brunkard Jacob O. 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARYNarrow odd dwarf (nod) and Liguleless narrow (Lgn) are pleiotropic maize mutants that both encode plasma membrane proteins, cause similar developmental patterning defects, and constitutively induce stress signaling pathways. To investigate how these mutants coordinate maize development and physiology, we screened for protein interactors of NOD by affinity purification. LGN was identified by this screen as a strong candidate interactor, and we confirmed the NOD‐LGN molecular interaction through orthogonal experiments. We further demonstrated that LGN, a receptor‐like kinase, can phosphorylate NOD in vitro, hinting that they could act in intersecting signal transduction pathways. To test this hypothesis, we generated Lgn‐R;nod mutants in two backgrounds (B73 and A619), and found that these mutations enhance each other, causing more severe developmental defects than either single mutation on its own, with phenotypes including very narrow leaves, increased tillering, and failure of the main shoot. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of the single and double mutants in the two genetic backgrounds revealed widespread induction of pathogen defense genes and a shift in resource allocation away from primary metabolism in favor of specialized metabolism. These effects were similar in each single mutant and heightened in the double mutant, leading us to conclude that NOD and LGN act cumulatively in overlapping signaling pathways to coordinate growth‐defense tradeoffs in maize.
Cardiopulmonary and cerebrovascular acclimatization in children and adults at 3800 m
Authors: Rieger M. G. , Tallon C. M. , Perkins D. R. , Smith K. J. , Stembridge M. , Piombo S. , Radom‐Aizik S. , Cooper D. M. , Ainslie P. N. , McManus A. M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMaturational differences exist in cardiopulmonary and cerebrovascular function at sea‐level, but the impact of maturation on acclimatization responses to high altitude is unknown. Ten children (9.8 ± 2.5 years) and 10 adults (34.7 ± 7.1 years) were assessed at sea‐level (BL), 3000 m and twice over 4 days at 3800 m (B1, B4). Measurements included minute ventilation (), end‐tidal partial pressures of oxygen () and carbon dioxide, echocardiographic assessment of pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and stroke volume (SV) and ultrasound assessment of blood flow through the internal carotid and vertebral arteries was performed to calculate global cerebral blood flow (gCBF). At 3000 m, was increased from BL by 19.6 ± 19.1% (P = 0.031) in children, but not in adults (P = 0.835); SV was reduced in children (−11 ± 13%, P = 0.020) but not adults (P = 0.827), which was compensated for by a larger increase in heart rate in children (+26 beats min−1 vs. +13 beats min−1, P = 0.019). Between B1 and B4, adults increased by 38.5 ± 34.7% (P = 0.006), while did not increase further in children. The rise in PASP was not different between groups; however, ∆PASP from BL was related to ∆ in adults (R2 = 0.288, P = 0.022), but not children. At BL, gCBF was 43% higher in children than adults (P = 0.017), and this difference was maintained at high altitude, with a similar pattern and magnitude of change in gCBF between groups (P = 0.845). Despite increasing in children but not adults at a lower altitude, the pulmonary vascular and cerebrovascular responses to prolonged hypoxia are similar between children and adults.
imageKey points
Children have different ventilatory and metabolic requirements from adults, which may present differently in the pulmonary and cerebral vasculature upon ascent to high altitude.
Children (ages 7–14) and adults (ages 23–44) were brought from sea level to high altitude (3000 to 3800 m) and changes in ventilation, pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) were assessed over 1 week.
Significant increases in ventilation and decreases in left ventricle stroke volume were observed at a lower altitude in children than adults.
PASP and CBF increased by a similar relative amount between children and adults at 3800 m.
These results help us better understand age‐related differences in compensatory responses to prolonged hypoxia in children, despite similar changes in pulmonary artery pressure and CBF between children and adults.
Perioperative management with ferric carboxymaltose and tranexamic acid to reduce transfusion rate in gynaecological carcinoma surgery (TRANAFER-Study): study protocol for a single-blind, monocentre, randomised trial
Authors: Amstad Gabriela , Geiger James , Werlen Laura , Montavon Celine , Heinzelmann Viola 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionRadical abdominal surgery is part of the standard treatment for women with advanced gynaecological carcinoma. The surgery often leads to intraoperative blood loss frequently exceeding 1000 mL. Approximately 50% of women undergoing radical surgery require blood transfusions. Perioperative blood transfusions have been shown to increase the risk of postoperative complications, delayed wound healing, increased length of stay, increased postoperative morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have demonstrated an association between perioperative anaemia and surgical morbidity and mortality. By reducing transfusions and improving recovery from surgery, preoperative diagnostic and management of perioperative anaemia is a great opportunity to optimise postoperative patient outcome.Methods and analysisThis is a single-blind, monocentre, randomised trial with four parallel groups (three therapeutic groups and one control group without treatment according to current standards of care) conducted in women undergoing radical gynaecological surgery. The primary study objective is to determine the effect of perioperative treatment with either intravenous iron, tranexamic acid or with a combination of both medicines on the reduction of intraoperative and postoperative red blood cell transfusions in gynaecological carcinoma patients. A total of N=126 women with gynaecological carcinoma will be recruited at the University Hospital Basel, Department of Gynaecology. Blood parameters will be measured at the recruitment, prior to surgery, 2 days after surgery and on the 21st–28th day after surgery. Recruitment started in August 2021.Ethics and disseminationThe study will be performed according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and is approved by the Ethics Committee for Northwest and Central Switzerland in Basel (EKNZ Protocol ID 2020-01194). The results of this study will be published and presented in various scientific forums.Trial registration numberNCT03792464.
Application of Dialectical Behaviour Therapy in treating common psychiatric disorders: study protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Tan Michelle Yan Ling , McConnell Bridget , Barlas Joanna 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) is a well-known intervention for treating borderline personality disorder, and has been increasingly adapted for other disorders. Standard DBT consists of four treatment modes, delivered over a year. Adaptations to DBT include changes to modes of delivery, treatment length, and skills modules taught to clients, or incorporating interventions from other evidence-based therapies. There is a need to synthesise existing evidence on DBT so that stakeholders—clinicians, researchers and policymakers—can understand how it has been provided for various psychiatric conditions, and whether it has been effective.Methods and analysisThis study proposes a scoping review conducted according to Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) procedures, to map and summarise the literature on DBT interventions for treating a range of psychiatric concerns. Electronic databases (ie, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, EBSCOhost and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses), conference proceedings and the US National Institutes of Health Ongoing Trial Register will be searched for intervention studies that involve a control or comparison group, and that report quantitative data on pre/post-measures for psychiatric symptom severity. The initial search was conducted on 18 September 2020, and data charting has not commenced. An update will be performed in September 2022, pending this protocol’s publication. Data charting will collect individual studies’ characteristics, methodology and reported findings. Outcomes will be reported by following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for Scoping Reviews.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval is required for this study. The goal of dissemination is to keep DBT stakeholders abreast on latest updates in clinical applications of DBT. Findings from this research are intended to inform a more specific topic of study (eg, a meta-analysis), to further aid in the development of DBT interventions for psychiatric populations.Registration detailsThe study protocol was pre-registered with the Open Science Framework on 24 August 2021 (https://osf.io/vx6gw).
Cardiopulmonary and muscular effects of different doses of high-intensity physical training in substance use disorder patients: study protocol for a block allocated controlled endurance and strength training trial in an inpatient setting
Authors: Loe Henrik , Mosti Mats Peder , Wisløff Ulrik , Haberstroh Carolin , Flemmen Grete 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPatients with substance use disorder (SUD) have high prevalence of lifestyle-related comorbidities. Physical exercise is known to yield substantial prophylactic impact on disease and premature mortality, and there seems to be an inverse association between physical fitness and adverse health outcomes. High-intensity training is regarded as most effective for improving physical fitness, but less is known concerning the ideal training dose necessary to achieve clinically relevant effects in these patients. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of low-dose and high-dose, high-intensity training, on physical fitness in patients diagnosed with SUD.Methods and analysisThis study will recruit 40 in-patients of mixed genders, aged 18–70 years. Participants will be block allocated to low-dose or high-dose training, encompassing 24 high-intensity interval and maximal strength training sessions (3/week × 8 weeks). After a 10 min warm-up, the low-dose group will perform 1×4 min intervals at ⁓90% of maximal heart rate and 2×4 repetitions strength training at ⁓90% of 1 repetition maximum. The high-dose group will perform 4×4 min intervals at ⁓90% of maximal heart rate and 4×4 repetitions strength training at ⁓90% of 1 repetition maximum. Clinical measurements and physical tests will be conducted at baseline, midway and on completion and a questionnaire on physical activity will be administered at baseline.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol is in accordance with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials statement. All participants will sign a written informed consent. The Regional Committee of Medical Research Ethics, Norway has approved the study. A study of this kind is warranted, and the results will be published in an open access journal to ensure public access, and presented at national and international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT04065334.
Partnerships in the introduction of new routine vaccines in Bangladesh: evidence from a prospective process evaluation
Authors: Luies Sharmin Khan , Sultana Tahmina , Budden Ashwin , Asaduzzaman Mohammad , Hossain Md. Billal , Kelly Matthew , Gray Darren , Uddin Md. Jasim , Sarma Haribondhu 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the contribution of partners in the introduction of two new vaccines concurrently: pneumococcal 10-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV-10) and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) into the routine Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in Bangladesh.DesignWe conducted a prospective process evaluation that included the theory of change development, root cause analysis and in-depth investigation. As part of process tracking, we reviewed relevant documents, observed trainers’ and vaccinators’ training and key stakeholder meetings. We analysed the data thematically.SettingWe purposively selected eight Upazila (subdistrict) and one city corporation covering nine districts and seven administrative divisions of Bangladesh.ParticipantsNineteen national key informants were interviewed and 16 frontline health workers were invited to the group discussions considering their involvement in the vaccine introduction process.ResultsThe EPI experienced several challenges during the joint introduction of PCV-10 and IPV, such as frequent changes in the vaccine introduction schedule, delays in budget allocation, vaccine supply shortage and higher wastage rates of IPV. EPI addressed these challenges in collaboration with its partners, that is, the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), who provided technical assistance to develop a training curriculum and communication materials and enhanced demand generation at the community level. In addition, the WHO conducted a country readiness assessment for PCV-10, and UNICEF supported vaccine shipment. Other government ministries, City Corporations and municipalities also supported the EPI.ConclusionsThe partnership among the EPI stakeholders effectively addressed various operational challenges during the joint introduction of PCV-10 and IPV helped strengthen Bangladesh’s immunisation systems. These accomplishments are attributed to several factors that should be supported and strengthened for future vaccine introductions in Bangladesh and other low and-middle countries.
Effectiveness and safety of fibrinolytic therapy in critically ill patients with COVID-19 with ARDS: protocol for a prospective meta-analysis
Authors: Kovács Emőke Henrietta , Dembrovszky Fanni , Ocskay Klementina , Szabó László , Hegyi Péter , Molnar Zsolt , Tánczos Krisztián 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe use of fibrinolytic therapy has been proposed in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). During the COVID-19 pandemic, anticoagulation has received special attention due to the frequent findings of microthrombi and fibrin deposits in the lungs and other organs. Therefore, the use of fibrinolysis has been regarded as a potential rescue therapy in these patients. In this prospective meta-analysis, we plan to synthesise evidence from ongoing clinical trials and thus assess whether fibrinolytic therapy can improve the ventilation/perfusion ratio in patients with severe COVID-19-caused ARDS as compared with standard of care.Methods and analysisThis protocol was registered in PROSPERO. All randomised controlled trials and prospective observational trials that compare fibrinolytic therapy with standard of care in adult patients with COVID-19 and define their primary or secondary outcome as improvement in oxygenation and/or gas exchange, or mortality will be considered eligible. Safety outcomes will include bleeding event rate and requirement for transfusion. Our search on 25 January 2022 identified five eligible ongoing clinical trials. A formal search of MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, CENTRAL will be performed every month to identify published results and to search for further trials that meet our eligibility criteria.DisseminationThis could be the first qualitative and quantitative synthesis summarising evidence of the efficacy and safety of fibrinolytic therapy in critically ill patients with COVID-19. We plan to publish our results in peer-reviewed journals.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021285281.
Intensive care unit registered nurses’ perceived barriers towards ventilated associated pneumonia prevention in southeast Iran: a cross-sectional descriptive – an analytical study
Authors: Dehghan Mahlagha , Arab Mansoor , Akafzadeh Tayebe , Malakoutikhah Alireza , Mazallahi Mahbubeh , Forouzi Mansooreh Azizzadeh 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesVentilated associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common nosocomial infection and complication occurring in intensive care units (ICUs) worldwide. This study aimed to assess the ICU registered nurses’ perceived barriers towards VAP prevention in southeast Iran.SettingThis was a cross-sectional descriptive–an analytical study to examine the registered nurses’ perceived barriers towards VAP prevention in southeast Iran.ParticipantsThe study population consisted of 242 nurses working in ICU and emergency departments.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe data was collected using demographic characteristics’ questionnaire and a researcher-made ventilator-associated pneumonia barriers prevention questionnaire.ResultsThe mean score of nurses’ perceived barriers towards VAP prevention was 2.82±0.46. The highest mean score of perceived barriers were related to items of ‘lack of staff’, ‘lack of a team-based approach to care and interventions’, and ‘lack of support from management’.ConclusionsThis study indicates most of the barriers are related to organisational factors and lack of teamwork. Further studies are needed to obtain more accurate results.Trial registration numberThe study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Kerman University of Medical Sciences (IR.KMU.REC.1395.908).