bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manipulation Task Planning and Motion Control Using Task Relaxations
Authors: Pereira Marcos S. , Adorno Bruno V. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a robotic manipulation task relaxation method applied to a task and motion planning framework adapted from the literature. The task relaxation method consists of defining regions of interest instead of defining the end-effector pose, which can potentially increase the robot’s redundancy with respect to the manipulation task. Tasks are relaxed by controlling the end-effector distance to a target plane while respecting suitable constraints in the task-space. We formulate the problem as a constrained control problem that enforces both equality and inequality constraints while being reactive to changes in the workspace. We evaluate the adapted framework in a simulated pick-and-place task with similar complexity to the one evaluated in the original framework. The number of plan nodes that our framework generates is 54% smaller than the one in the original framework and our framework is faster both in planning and execution time. Also, the end-effector remains within the regions of interest and moves toward the target region while satisfying additional constraints.
How do geriatricians feel about managing older people living with HIV? A scoping review
Authors: Jones Howell T. , Barber Tristan J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The proportion of people living with HIV being older adults is increasing and due to high rates of multimorbidity and frailty within this group geriatricians are well placed to contribute to their care. However, little is known about how geriatricians feel about this new opportunity.

Methods
A scoping review was performed following the Arksey & O’Malley’s methodological framework with nine databases searched in December 2021 for studies reporting the experiences or views of geriatricians on caring for people living with HIV. Study inclusion was not limited by language or year of publication. Narrative reviews were excluded. Two reviewers independently performed the extraction using predetermined criteria. A descriptive analysis of extracted information was performed.

Results
Six publications reporting four studies, all conducted in the USA, were identified. The current barriers to geriatricians being involved in the care of older people living with HIV are: their current experience in managing people living with HIV, their knowledge of HIV, specific issues related to older people living with HIV and screening for HIV in older people as well as their attitudes to people living with HIV and experience of managing older LGBTQ + people.

Conclusion
Prior to geriatricians being routinely involved in the care of older people living with HIV further research outside of the USA is required. Geriatricians will also require specific training which should be incorporated into geriatric medicine training curricula as well as the creation of learning tools and quality clinical practice guidelines ideally created in collaboration with HIV organisations.
Experience of distance education for project-based learning in data science
Authors: Sakamaki Kentaro , Taguri Masataka , Nishiuchi Hiromu , Akimoto Yoshitomo , Koizumi Kazuyuki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractData science plays an important role in many fields. Project-based learning is an effective teaching approach because students can learn data science practices based on real-world problems and real-world data. Because of a pandemic of COVID-19, we provided project-based learning as distance education (synchronic distance education). In this study, we explain how we developed and conducted it and provide survey results from students. The survey showed about 30% of the students found it difficult to communicate with each other and with teachers. However, it suggested that they could communicate to some extent even by remote group work. We found that, in remote communication, it is important to see the faces of all the students (and teachers) on the Zoom screen when they discuss using screen sharing. There remain some challenges such as timing to start talking and casual questions to teachers. Although some issues should be improved, distance education for project-based learning in data science can be implemented effectively.
A paradigm shift that never was. (A critique of Neo-Hahnian outdoor education theory part three)
Authors: Brookes Andrew 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe idea that certain outdoor education (OE) programs consistently improve character traits has been a recurring theme not only in OE practice but also in some approaches to research and theory (Brookes, 2003a, 2003b). Sometimes referred to as “character building,” such approaches to OE persist although perhaps less prominently than in the past (Dyment & Potter, 2015). The idea of character-trait building is consistent with everyday beliefs about personality, but what is surprising is that strands of OE research and scholarship remain rooted in beliefs about personal traits that have been scientifically discredited for decades. This article considers some barriers which could help explain why OE research and scholarship have failed to exhibit a paradigm shift which should have eventuated had OE research more faithfully reflected key developments in psychological science and stayed within the bounds of scientific credibility.
A computational study of somatostatin subtype-4 receptor agonist binding
Authors: Slater Olivia , Kontoyianni Maria 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe somatostatin subtype-4 receptor (sst4) is highly expressed in neocortical and hippocampal areas, which are affected by amyloid beta accumulation. Sst4 agonists enhance downstream activity of amyloid beta peptide catabolism through neprilysin and may slow the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Sst4 is a G protein coupled receptor (GPCR), the structure of which has yet to be resolved. A newly constructed sst4 homology model, along with a previously reported model-built sst4 receptor structure, were used in the present study to gain insights into binding requirements of sst4 agonists employing a set of compounds patented by Boehringer Ingelheim. Besides aiming at delineating binding at the macromolecular level of these recently disclosed compounds, our objectives included the generation of a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) global model to explore the relationship between chemical structure and affinity. Through the implementation of model building, docking, and QSAR, plausible correlations between structural properties and the binding affinity are established. This study sheds light on understanding binding requirements at the sst4 receptor.
Graphical abstract
BaNeL: an encoder-decoder based Bangla neural lemmatizer
Authors: Islam Md. Ashraful , Towhiduzzaman Md. , Bhuiyan Md. Tauhidul Islam , Maruf Abdullah Al , Ovi Jesan Ahammed 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study presents an efficient framework of deriving lemma from an inflected Bangla word considering its parts-of-speech as context. Bangla is a morphologically rich Indo-Aryan language where around 70% words are inflected, and some words have around 90 different inflected forms making it one of the most challenging languages for lemmatization. The unavailability of a sufficiently large appropriate dataset in Bangla makes the task even more strenuous. A reliable robust Bangla lemmatizer will create new possibilities for other dependent fields like automatic language translation and grammatical correction to flourish in Bangla. In this paper, we have described a new larger Bangla dataset for lemmatization and an encoder-decoder-based sequence_to_sequence framework for it. After tuning the hyper-parameters, the proposed framework yielded 95.75% character accuracy and 91.81% exact match on the testing split of the prepared dataset which is significantly higher than existing other approaches in Bangla for lemmatization.Article HighlightsThis article:Discusses lemmatization task in Bangla and demonstrates difference with stemmingPresents an artificial neural network based efficient model for lemmatization that yields comparatively better performance than existing onesDescribes a new large dataset for lemmatization in Bangla language
Bibliometric study of the combustion of cane cutting waste (RAC) in the capture of carbon dioxide
Authors: Peña Sandra E. , Forero Carmen R. , Velasco Francisco J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe bibliometric observational study in this research describes the search carried out by the authors, the statistical and regular behavior for a period of five years, focusing on the different elements related to the combustion process of the RAC of sugar cane with CO2 capture by manganese-based oxygen carriers during the 2015–2020 period. Main measurements: In each record, journal, year of publication, first/last author, work center and autonomous community were obtained, related to the investigation of combustion of cutting waste in the capture of CO2 by means of manganese-based oxygen carriers. The information was classified and later the articles were classified according to their content or research area. The impact factor was obtained from Scopus and Vosviewer bibliometric analyses.Using the search criteria used, 475 documents were retrieved in the 2015–2020 five-year period, excluding 2637 because they did not correspond to affiliation with centers or institutions directly related to documents related to Chemical combustion and CO2 capture. In total, 73 documents were selected, in which an increase and interest in the study of these processes was verified both in the research areas and in the journals in which they are published. Most of the studies have been published in universities or research centers and differences were observed in terms of the volume of international and national scientific production, being necessary to increase these investigations in the country of Colombia.
Effects on ecosystem services value due to land use and land cover change (1990–2020) in the transboundary Karnali River Basin, Central Himalayas
Authors: Shrestha Bhaskar , Zhang Lifu , Sharma Shankar , Shrestha Sanjeevan , Khadka Nitesh 
Published: April 2022

AbstractValuation of ecosystem services based on land use and land cover changes (LUCC) offers an incentive to people for sustainable use of the natural resources and can encourage people to adjust the land use sustainably. In this study, we used “Object-based Image Analysis (OBIA),” a remote sensing technique to extract the land use and land cover (LULC) of the transboundary Karnali River Basin (KRB, China and Nepal) from 1990 to 2020, and ecosystem services value (ESV) coefficients derived for the Tibetan Plateau has been used to assess the ESV. The basin has highest percentage of forest (33.44%), followed by bare area (30.29%), shrub/grassland (18.5%), agriculture (13.12%), snow/ice (4.36%), waterbody (0.3%), and built-up (0.03%) as of 2020. Over 30 years, 4.07 km2 of the forest has been converted to agricultural land, 3.31 km2 of agricultural land has been encroached by built-up area, whereas 2.82 km2 of snow/ice area has melted into the waterbody. Furthermore, 80.85 km2 of bare area has been converted to snow/ice, and 2138.83 km2 of snow/ice has been changed to bare area. The ESV of KRB has increased by nearly 2.7 million USD from 1990 to 2020, primarily due to the increase in ESV from the conversion of 133.09 km2 of snow/ice to shrub/grassland. The ESV of forest, waterbody, and snow/ice has decreased, whereas it has increased for other LULC classes in the basin. Spatial distribution of LUCC and assessment of ESV can be a tool to facilitate for better provisioning and regulating the resources for the future.
Semi-automatic classification for rapid delineation of the geohazard-prone areas using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery
Authors: Tempa Karma , Aryal Komal Raj 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The study of land use land cover has become increasingly significant with the availability of remote sensing data. The main objective of this study is to delineate geohazard-prone areas using semi-automatic classification technique and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery in Bhutan. An open-source, semi-automatic classification plugin tools in QGIS software enabled efficient and rapid conduct of land cover classification. Band sets 2-8, 8A, and 11-12 are utilized and the virtual colour composites have been used for the clustering and creation of training samples or regions of interest. An iterative self-organizing data analysis technique is used for clustering and the image is classified by a minimum distance algorithm in the unsupervised classification. The Random Forest (RF) classifier is used for the supervised classification. The unsupervised classification shows an overall accuracy of 85.47% (Kappa coefficient = 0.71) and the RF classifier resulted in an accuracy of 92.62% (Kappa coefficient = 0.86). A comparison of the classification shows a higher overall accuracy of the RF classifier with an improvement of 7.15%. The study highlights 35.59% (512,100 m2) of the study area under the geohazard-prone area. The study also overlaid the major landslide polygons to roughly validate the landslide hazards.

Article highlights

Semi-automatic classification technique was applied to delineate the geohazard-prone area in the heterogeneous region of Bhutan Himalaya.

Unsupervised and supervised classification technique were used to perform land cover classification using the semi-automatic classification plugin (SCP).

The Random Forest classifier predicted higher accuracy and the application is rapid and efficient compared to the unsupervised classification.
Teachers’ views on disinformation and media literacy supported by a tool designed for professional fact-checkers: perspectives from France, Romania, Spain and Sweden
Authors: Nygren Thomas , Frau-Meigs Divina , Corbu Nicoleta , Santoveña-Casal Sonia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe current media eco-system has become more and more polluted by the various avatars of “fake news”. This buzz term has been widely used by academics, experts, teachers and ordinary people, in an attempt to understand and address the phenomenon of information disorder in the new media environment. However, studies have rarely questioned what teachers, key stakeholders in the media literacy field, actually understand by “fake news”, and to what extent the new digital tools available to fact-check are actually viable solutions to fight disinformation actively. In this context, we conducted focus groups (N = 34 people interviewed in 4 focus groups) with teachers in four countries (France, Romania, Spain and Sweden), in order to assess their understanding of “fake news”, as well as their perception of possible measures to combat the phenomenon, with a particular focus on digital tools. The findings show that the understanding of the concept of “fake news” differs from one country to the other, but also within the same country, with a common feature across countries: intention to deceive. Additionally, respondents identified lack of media and information literacy (MIL) in education as a major gap for combatting information disorders. Furthermore, they find that the use of digital tool for professional fact-checking needs to be repurposed or followed by pedagogical instructions to fit into the complexity of educational practices. Our findings highlight possible solutions for MIL in education using a combination of technocognition and transliteracy as theoretical framework and scaffolded pedagogical design for better adoption of fact-checking techniques.
Bacterial and Fungal Coinfection in Critically Ill COVID-19 Cases and Predictive Role of Procalcitonin During the First Wave at an Academic Health Center
Authors: Alnimr Amani M. , Alshahrani Mohammed S. , Alwarthan Sara , AlQahtani Shaya Y. , Hassan Ahmed A. , BuMurah Noor N. , Alhajiri Sara , Bukharie Huda 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Coinfection at various sites can complicate the clinical course of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) patients leading to worse prognosis and increased mortality. We aimed to investigate the occurrence of coinfection in critically ill COVID-19 cases, and the predictive role of routinely tested biomarkers on admission for mortality.

Methods
This is a retrospective study of all SARS-CoV-2-infected cases, who were admitted to King Fahad Hospital of the University between March 2020 and December 2020. We reviewed the data in the electronic charts in the healthcare information management system including initial presentation, clinical course, radiological and laboratory findings and reported all significant microbiological cultures that indicated antimicrobial therapy. The mortality data were reviewed for severely ill patients who were admitted to critical care units.

Results
Of 1091 admitted patients, there were 70 fatalities (6.4%). 182 COVID-19 persons were admitted to the critical care service, of whom 114 patients (62.6%) survived. The in-hospital mortality was 13.4%. Coinfection was noted in 67/68 non-survivors, and Gram-negative pathogens (Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumanni) represented more than 50% of the etiological agents. We noted that the serum procalcitonin on admission was higher for non-survivors (Median = 1.6 ng/mL ± 4.7) than in survivors (Median = 0.2 ng/mL ± 4.2) (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion
Coinfection is a serious complication for COVID-19 especially in the presence of co-morbidities. High levels of procalcitonin on admission may predict non-survival in critically ill cases in whom bacterial or fungal co-infection is likely.
Evaluation of Bacteria in a Novel In Vitro Biofilm Model of Penile Prosthesis
Authors: Narasimman Manish , Ory Jesse , Bartra Sara Schesser , Plano Gregory V. , Ramasamy Ranjith 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundDelayed infection, thought to be due to gradual biofilm formation, remains a feared complication after inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) insertion. Understanding and preventing biofilm formation is necessary to prevent infections.AimTo develop an in vitro model and compare growth of biofilm by different bacteria on IPPs and evaluate the anti-infective efficacy of the Coloplast Titan and AMS 700 InhibiZone.MethodsSterile IPPs (Coloplast) were cut into rings and incubated with S. epidermidis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii, or K. pneumoniae cultures in tryptic soy broth (TSB) (4 hour) to ensure adequate bacteria attachment, and then in only TSB (120 hours) to allow for biofilm formation. Rings were fixed with ethanol and biofilm measured by spectrophotometer (OD570) after crystal violet staining. This methodology was repeated for S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa with Coloplast rings dipped in 10 ml of a 10 mg/ml Rifampin, 1 mg/ml Gentamicin, and deionized water solution and undipped AMS InhibiZone rings. Crystal violet assay (OD570) was repeated after incubation within bacteria (2 hour), and then only TSB (120 hours).OutcomesThe primary outcome of the study was OD570 readings, indirectly measuring biofilm mass on implant rings.ResultsS. epidermidis, S. aureus, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae all formed significant biofilm. P. aeruginosa showed the strongest predilection to grow biofilm on IPPs. P. aeruginosa also formed significant biofilm on antibiotic-treated Coloplast and AMS rings, while S. epidermidis was inhibited. No significant difference was found in biofilm inhibition between the implants.Clinical TranslationOur findings suggest gram-negative bacteria may form biofilm more proficiently and quickly on IPPs than gram-positive organisms. Commonly used antibiotic treatments on IPPs may be effective against S. epidermidis but not against P. aeruginosa biofilm formation.Strengths & LimitationsThis is the first study comparing biofilm formation by different bacteria organisms on IPPs and the inhibitive ability of Coloplast and AMS implants against biofilm formation. Clinical data on organisms responsible for infected IPPs is needed to determine the clinical relevance of our findings.ConclusionOur novel in vitro model of biofilm formation of IPPs evaluated the effect of a gentamicin/rifampin antibiotic dip on Coloplast Titan implants and the anti-infective capacity of the minocycline/rifampin precoated AMS 700 InhibiZone against S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa was able to grow on both antibiotic-treated implants, with no significant difference, and should continue to be a specific target of investigation to reduce delayed post-operative IPP infections.
Quantifying Rates of Landscape Unzipping
Authors: Harrison Emma J. , McElroy Brandon , Willenbring Jane K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMeasuring rates of valley head migration and determining the timing of canyon‐opening are insightful for the evolution of planetary surfaces. Spatial gradients of in situ‐produced cosmogenic nuclide concentrations along horizontal transects provide a framework for assessing the migration of valley networks and similar topographic features. We developed a new derivation for valley head retreat rates from the concentrations of in situ‐produced cosmogenic radionuclides in valley walls. The retreat rate is inversely proportional to the magnitude of the spatial concentration gradient and proportional to local nuclide production rates. By solving for a spatial gradient in concentration along a valley parallel transect, we created an expression for the explicit determination of valley head retreat, which we refer to herein as unzipping. We applied this expression to a seepage‐derived drainage network developing along the Apalachicola River, Florida, USA. Sample concentrations along a valley margin transect varied systematically from 2.9 × 105 to 3.5 × 105 atoms/g resulting in a gradient of 160 atoms/g/m, and from this value a valley head retreat rate of 0.025 m/y was found. The discrepancy between overall network age and current rates of valley head migration suggests intermittent network growth which is consistent with glacial‐interglacial precipitation variations during the Pleistocene. This method can be applied to a wide range of Earth‐surface environments. For the 10Be system, this method should be sensitive to unzipping rates bounded between 10−6 and 100 m/y.