bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CHD6 promotes broad nucleosome eviction for transcriptional activation in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Zhao Dongyu , Zhang Min , Huang Shaodong , Liu Qi , Zhu Sen , Li Yanqiang , Jiang Weihua , Kiss Daniel L , Cao Qi , Zhang Lili , Chen Kaifu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDespite being a member of the chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein family, little is known about the exact role of CHD6 in chromatin remodeling or cancer disease. Here we show that CHD6 binds to chromatin to promote broad nucleosome eviction for transcriptional activation of many cancer pathways. By integrating multiple patient cohorts for bioinformatics analysis of over a thousand prostate cancer datasets, we found CHD6 expression elevated in prostate cancer and associated with poor prognosis. Further comprehensive experiments demonstrated that CHD6 regulates oncogenicity of prostate cancer cells and tumor development in a murine xenograft model. ChIP-Seq for CHD6, along with MNase-Seq and RNA-Seq, revealed that CHD6 binds on chromatin to evict nucleosomes from promoters and gene bodies for transcriptional activation of oncogenic pathways. These results demonstrated a key function of CHD6 in evicting nucleosomes from chromatin for transcriptional activation of prostate cancer pathways.
Computer vision for road imaging and pothole detection: a state-of-the-art review of systems and algorithms
Authors: Ma Nachuan , Fan Jiahe , Wang Wenshuo , Wu Jin , Jiang Yu , Xie Lihua , Fan Rui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Computer vision algorithms have been utilized for 3-D road imaging and pothole detection for over two decades. Nonetheless, there is a lack of systematic survey articles on state-of-the-art (SoTA) computer vision techniques, especially deep learning models, developed to tackle these problems. This article first introduces the sensing systems employed for 2-D and 3-D road data acquisition, including camera(s), laser scanners and Microsoft Kinect. It then comprehensively reviews the SoTA computer vision algorithms, including (1) classical 2-D image processing, (2) 3-D point cloud modelling and segmentation and (3) machine/deep learning, developed for road pothole detection. The article also discusses the existing challenges and future development trends of computer vision-based road pothole detection approaches: classical 2-D image processing-based and 3-D point cloud modelling and segmentation-based approaches have already become history; and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have demonstrated compelling road pothole detection results and are promising to break the bottleneck with future advances in self/un-supervised learning for multi-modal semantic segmentation. We believe that this survey can serve as practical guidance for developing the next-generation road condition assessment systems.
Association Between Stress and Program Length in Underrepresented Minority Physician Assistant Students
Authors: McWeeney Michelle 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between physician assistant (PA) program length and stress measures in PA students, particularly PA students classified as underrepresented minorities in medicine. The stress measures included emotional and physical well-being.

Methods
The 2019 End of Program survey data were analyzed using multiple regression to determine if emotional and physical well-being could be predicted by PA program length, age, gender, PA school debt, and UR minority in medicine status.

Results
Shorter PA programs were associated with higher physical well-being scores, although there was no difference between UR minority in medicine and non-UR minority in medicine students. Older students, males, and students with higher levels of PA school debt had lower scores for emotional and physical well-being.

Discussion
Shorter program lengths should be considered for optimal physical well-being in all students. Further research is needed to understand optimal program length and experiences of these students.
AI-based Prediction of Imminent Primary Stroke on Claims Data Enables Accurate Patient Stratification
Authors: Hilbert A , Baskan D , Rieger J , Wagner C , Sehlen S , García-Rudolph A , Kelleher JD , Dengler NF , Kossen T , Madai VI , Frey D 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundWith an annual rate of 5.5 million cases, ischemic stroke is the second leading cause of death and permanent disability worldwide posing a significant medical, financial and social burden. Current approaches relax high-risk profiles of imminent stroke to mid- to long-term risk assessment, tempering the importance of immediate preventative action. Claims data may support the development of new risk prediction paradigms for better, individualized management of disease.MethodsWe developed a data-driven paradigm to predict personalized risk of imminent primary ischemic stroke. We used social health insurance data from northeast Germany (between 2008-2018). Stroke events were defined by the presence of an ischemic stroke ICD-10 diagnosis within the available insurance period. Controls (n=150,091) and strokes (n=53,047) were matched by age (mean=76) and insurance length (mean=3 years), resulting in a generally aged, high-risk study population.We trained traditional and Machine Learning (ML) classifiers to predict the overall likelihood of a primary event based on 55 features including demographic parameters, ICD-10 diagnosis of diseases and dependence on care. Binary ICD-10 features were translated into temporal duration of diagnoses by counting days since the first appearance of disease in the patients’ records. We used SHAP feature importance scores for global and local explanation of model output.FindingsThe best ML model, Tree-boosting, yielded notably high performance with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.91, sensitivity of 0.84 and specificity of 0.81. Long duration of hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes type 2 were most influential for predicting stroke while frequent dependence on care proved to mitigate stroke risk.InterpretationOur proposed data-driven ML approach provides a highly promising direction for improved and personalized prevention and management of imminent stroke, while the developed models offer direct applicability for risk stratification in the north-east German population.FundingHorizon2020 (PRECISE4Q, #777107)
Expression of NMNAT1 in the Photoreceptors is Sufficient to PreventNMNAT1-Associated Disease
Authors: Brown Emily E. , Scandura Michael J. , Pierce Eric A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNicotinamide nucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 (NMNAT1) is a ubiquitously expressed enzyme involved in nuclear NAD+production throughout the body. However, mutations in theNMNAT1gene lead to retina-specific disease with few reports of systemic effects. We have previously demonstrated that AAV-mediated gene therapy using self-complimentary AAV (scAAV) to ubiquitously express NMNAT1 throughout the retina prevents retinal degeneration in a mouse model ofNMNAT1-associated disease. We aimed to develop a better understanding of the cell types in the retina that contribute to disease pathogenesis inNMNAT1-associated disease, and to identify the cell types that require NMNAT1 expression for therapeutic benefit. To achieve this goal, we treatedNmnat1V9M/V9Mmice with scAAV using cell type-specific promoters to restrict NMNAT1 expression to distinct retinal cell types. We hypothesized that photoreceptors are uniquely vulnerable to NAD+depletion due to mutations inNMNAT1. Consistent with this hypothesis, we identified that treatments that drove NMNAT1 expression in the photoreceptors led to preservation of retinal morphology. These findings suggest that gene therapies forNMNAT1-associated disease should aim to express NMNAT1 in the photoreceptor cells.
Deregulation on branded and generic drugs price and its effect: a study of Chinese pharmaceutical market
Authors: Liu Lu 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThis research studies the effect of deregulation of price cap in pharmaceutical market. Price regulation (either through price cap or reference price) is common practice in the pharmaceutical market but recently there are increasing voices calling for deregulation claiming that deregulation could help in lowering drug price and increase revenue of pharmaceutical firms. Upon those callings, Chinese government removed the price cap regulation in June 2015. The author uses this natural policy experiment to study this effect.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the author applied the interrupted time series analysis (ITSA) on the revenue data of nine categories of both generic and branded drugs in China from March 2011 to August 2016 (the time frame includes both before and after of the initialization of the deregulation) and analyzed the effect of deregulation.FindingsThe results showed that, whether the revenue of drugs will increase or decrease after the deregulation of price cap depends on the level of competition and the change of patterns of the branded and generic drugs are different. When HHI (Herfindahl–Hirschman index) is sufficiently low (competition is high), revenue does not change as a result of deregulation, when HHI is moderately low (moderate competition), revenue from generic drugs will decrease significantly and revenue from branded drugs will increase significantly, and when HHI is high (low competition), revenue from generic drugs will increase significantly and revenue from branded drugs will decrease significantly.Originality/valueThis is a unique study with a unique data set. Most previous studies focus on regulation of drug price and analyze how this may affect drug revenue; however, this is a natural policy experiment of de-regulation. Moreover, previously most studies focus on reference pricing regulation and this is price-cap, a different mechanism that is rarely studied. The originality/value is high of this article.
Agile project portfolio management as a strategic enabler in the Brazilian marketplace: five case studies and one substantive theory
Authors: Alves Eder Junior , Gonçalves Carlos Alberto 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to present an empirical framework for changes, communication and team restructuring developed through a substantive theory that defines the relationships between Agile adoption and organizational strategies in the Brazilian marketplace, providing assertive propositions.Design/methodology/approachThe research analysed five case studies of private companies in the Brazilian market, adopting the grounded theory (GT) method to examine the relationships between the categories. There was consistency in the reality of 22 participatory interviews with experts in Agile in the five case studies. The excellent integration between the chosen methodological approach and the organizations' characteristics reinforces a strategy focused on mixed methods.FindingsAs a result, the authors deploy an empirical framework, displaying new strategies that generate structural changes, obtaining Agile information technology (IT) project portfolio management (PPM) practices and strategies with superior performance. The necessary responses through organizational structural changes are observed, making it possible to notice changes in routines and contingencies.Research limitations/implicationsSome limitations should be pointed out for this study. The case studies were carried out in private companies in Brazil, and cultural aspects must be considered if one wants to generalize. Furthermore, to underline the effects of time, a longitudinal study would have to be employed to improve the interpretation of the results. Another limitation applies to the framework proposed in our study and its reality-simplifying nature. Models and theories with these visible generic characteristics compromise understanding specific situations.Practical implicationsThe authors strongly recommend that teams focus on communication among stakeholders to increase the ability to adopt Agile and create valuable knowledge inside the organizations, architecting process innovation.Originality/valueThe forged strategic Agile substantive theory contributes to the competitive Brazilian IT company departments. The need for velocity in organizing teams, accomplishing changes and efficient communication challenges connecting value creation with project results.
Multiscale analysis of the complex interaction between uncertainty and the international commodity market
Authors: Liu Chao , Zhang Wei , Xie Qiwei , Wang Chao 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThis study aims to systematically reveal the complex interaction between uncertainty and the international commodity market (CRB).Design/methodology/approachA composite uncertainty index and five categorical uncertainty indices, together with wavelet analysis and detrended cross-correlation analysis, were used. First, in the time-frequency domain, the coherency and lead-lag relationship between uncertainty and the commodity markets were investigated. Furthermore, the transmission direction of the cross-correlation over different lag periods and asymmetry in this cross-correlation under different trends were identified.FindingsFirst, there is significant coherency between uncertainties and CRB mainly in the short and medium terms, with natural disaster and public health uncertainties tending to lead CRB. Second, uncertainty impacts CRB more markedly over shorter lag periods, whereas the impact of CRB on uncertainty gradually increases with longer lag periods. Third, the cross-correlation is asymmetric and multifractal under different trends. Finally, from the perspective of lag periods and trends, the interaction of uncertainty with the Chinese commodity market is significantly different from its interaction with CRB.Originality/valueFirst, this study comprehensively constructs a composite uncertainty index based on five types of uncertainty. Second, this study provides a scientific perspective on examining the core and diverse interactions between uncertainty and CRB, as achieved by investigating the interactions of CRB with five categorical and composite uncertainties. Third, this study provides a new research framework to enable multiscale analysis of the complex interaction between uncertainty and the commodity markets.
Working diagnosis: The medical labour process and the classification of suffering
Authors: Seim Josh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMedical sociologists argue that diagnosis is a critical component of medicine and that diagnosis is most obviously exercised by doctors. This scholarship, however, largely ignores other medical workers. I extend the concept of working diagnosis to help solve this problem. These are partial and preliminary medical classifications of suffering that are imposed between informal experiences of illness and formal classifications of disease. In a complex division of medical labour where doctoring is a minority practice, working diagnoses are critical forces that shape, and are shaped by, the relational conditions of medical production. To illustrate the analytical promise of this concept, I sharpen it through an ethnography of ambulance work in California. Working diagnoses in this case are officially referred to as ‘primary impressions’. I show how these impressions are deeply embedded in the relations of paramedical production. Three are specifically highlighted: the relations between ambulance crews and their patients, the relations between ambulance crews and their nurse and police counterparts and the relations between ambulance crews and their managers. I work towards a simple but rarely stated conclusion: medical sociologists should focus more heavily on how diagnostic processes influence labour processes and vice versa.
Investigation on tolerance of Metarhizium flavoviride Ma130821 to environmental stress factors and responses on biological control of larvae of Potosia brevitarsis Lewis
Authors: Liu Si‐Yu , Lai You‐Peng , Du Guang‐Zu , Chen Bin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEntomopathogenic fungi of Metarhizium spp., are one of the candidates for eco‐friendly pest control instead of chemical control agents. But the development involved in producing a wide range of mycoinsecticides and application of biotechnology widely is restricted, usually due to the defect of slow action and sensitivity to environmental stresses. This study evaluates the tolerance of conidia of Metarhizium flavoviride Ma130821 to high temperature exposure, humidity level, ultraviolet radiation and the pathogenicity against larvae of Potosia brevitarsis Lewis under environmental stresses. Results showed that M. flavoviride Ma130821 had the higher tolerance ability to 40°C with continuous exposure for 24 h, the conidial germination rate was 54.00%, radial growth was 1.59 mm/day and sporulation was 9.37 × 106 conidia/cm2, the ability to desiccation with humidity of 53% (85.33%, 1.94 mm/d, 2.13 × 107 conidia/cm2), the ability of uvioresistant effect with 900 s radiation (98.11%, 0.91 mm/d, 8.87 × 106 conidia/cm2). The data of bioassay at artificial adverse condition had been fitted to the time–concentration–mortality (TCM) model. The cumulative mortality of P. brevitarsis larvae was 76.67% with conidial concentrations of 3.41 × 108 conidia/mL. The low lethal concentration (LC50) in 7 days after inoculation (DAI) and short lethal time (LT50) was 6.70 × 109 conidia/mL and 8.02 days, respectively. The mortality also reached to 73.33% at natural condition, with conidial concentration of 3.75 × 108 conidia/mL, but the LT50 delayed to 14.08 days. Our results demonstrate that entomopathogenic fungi M. flavoviride Ma130821, with significantly and superior antistress capacity and high virulence, could be considered a promising biocontrol agent against white grubs.
Group composition impacts reproductive output and population viability in captive white rhinoceros
Authors: Scott S. E. , Cain B. , de Kort S. R. , Johnson B. , Khayale C. , Versteege L. , Bettridge C. M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCaptive breeding programmes can play an important role in the conservation of species threatened with extinction in the wild. White rhinoceros, Ceratotherium simum, have suffered drastic declines due to illegal poaching across their range, and captive populations have the potential to safeguard this species from extinction. However, white rhinoceros birth rates in captivity have been extremely low, and there is substantial variation in breeding success between different institutions. A better understanding of the factors limiting their reproduction in captivity could improve their breeding management and conservation potential. This study used studbook data (n = 467) and comparisons with wild populations in Kenya (n = 236) to assess the breeding performance and viability of the European captive southern white rhinoceros, Ceratotherium simum simum, population. Our results show that the European population is declining 2% annually under current demographic parameters. On average, just 10% of females calved annually, in comparison to almost 40% across wild populations. To become self‐sustaining, this must increase to a minimum of 17%, though reaching this target may lead to additional management challenges. Further analyses using studbook (n = 134 individuals) and multi‐institutional questionnaire data (n = 20 institutions) suggest that modifying the social structure of captive groups could improve female breeding success. Institutions housing larger groups had proportionally greater breeding success, and females were more likely to copulate if housed with another breeding female, and more receptive to bulls if housed in a group with a lower mean age. These findings highlight the importance of considering social conditions in captive breeding programmes, particularly for species with complex social systems and low reproductive rates.
Favourable outcomes of conservatively managed acute abdomen associated with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Ardicli Burak , User Idil Rana , Tigli Tunc , Ozcan H. Nursun , Oguz Berna , Haliloglu Mithat , Kesici Selman , Ozsurekci Yasemin , Cengiz Ali Bulent , Ceyhan Mehmet , Ertugrul Ilker , Ekinci Saniye 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundsAbdominal pain is one of the most common symptoms of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C). Abdominal pain can vary from mild to severe and may present as acute abdomen. Severe abdominal pain in patients with MIS‐C should be differentiated from surgical causes of acute abdomen to prevent unnecessary surgery.MethodsThe diagnosis of MIS‐C was based on WHO and CDC recommended criteria. Records of children treated for MIS‐C between September 2020 and January 2021 were reviewed retrospectively.ResultsIn a short time, we encountered seven patients who were diagnosed with MIS‐C and showed acute abdomen findings. There were four male and three female patients. The median age was 9 years. Fever, abdominal pain and distension were present in all. The median duration of symptoms was 4 days. Five patients had general abdominal tenderness mimicking acute abdomen. Three patients had right lower quadrant tenderness mimicking acute appendicitis. After the initiation of immunomodulatory therapy and antibiotics, the physical examination findings were improved step by step in all. The median time to initiate oral feeding was 2 days. The median length of hospitalization time was 8 days.ConclusionSerial abdominal examinations performed by the same surgeon enabled us to follow these patients conservatively and thus avoid unnecessary surgical intervention.
‘Teach me how to look after myself’: What people with bronchiectasis want from education in a pulmonary rehabilitation setting
Authors: Lee Annemarie L. , Smith Rebecca , Burr Lucy , Chang Anne B. , Holmes‐Liew Chien‐Li , King Paul , Middleton Peter , Morgan Lucy , Smith Daniel , Thomson Rachel , Waterer Grant , Wong Conroy , McAleer Rachael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionPulmonary rehabilitation is recommended for people with bronchiectasis. Various education topics are included in these programmes, but the content is largely guided by the needs of people with other respiratory conditions.ObjectivesWith the education topics applicable to people with bronchiectasis unclear, we aimed to explore the perspective of adults with this condition on relevant educational topics in a pulmonary rehabilitation context.MethodsParticipants from the Australian Bronchiectasis Registry were invited to undertake a semi‐structured interview. Interview transcripts were coded independently, with themes established by consensus (two researchers).ResultsTwenty‐one people participated. The major themes were greater clarity on the underlying cause of bronchiectasis and prognosis. Most sought knowledge about self‐management strategies and treatments to address extra‐pulmonary symptoms. Participants requested more information on physiotherapy options and the role of exercise and physical activity outside of pulmonary rehabilitation. Preferences were mixed for the education delivery model.ConclusionsWe have identified unmet educational topics of interest for people with bronchiectasis. Our study provides a framework for education topics desired by adults with bronchiectasis within a pulmonary rehabilitation setting. The topics identified will guide development of an education curriculum for pulmonary rehabilitation that is more fit‐for‐purpose for people with bronchiectasis.