bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The mental health and well-being profile of young adults using social media
Authors: Di Cara Nina H. , Winstone Lizzy , Sloan Luke , Davis Oliver S. P. , Haworth Claire M. A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe relationship between mental health and social media has received significant research and policy attention. However, there is little population-representative data about who social media users are which limits understanding of confounding factors between mental health and social media. Here we profile users of Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat and YouTube from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children population cohort (N = 4083). We provide estimates of demographics and mental health and well-being outcomes by platform. We find that users of different platforms and frequencies are not homogeneous. User groups differ primarily by sex and YouTube users are the most likely to have poorer mental health outcomes. Instagram and Snapchat users tend to have higher well-being than the other social media sites considered. Relationships between use-frequency and well-being differ depending on the specific well-being construct measured. The reproducibility of future research may be improved by stratifying by sex and being specific about the well-being constructs used.
Self‐organizing traffic control using carrying capacity modelling in adjacent weaving sections
Authors: Ma Qinglu , Lu Jiaping , Zhang Shu , Yuan Xinxin , Ullah Saleem 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe traffic carrying capacity of the road network is limited. When the limit is exceeded, traffic congestion will restrict the control and development of transportation systems. This paper aims to determine the connotation of traffic carrying capacity in some adjacent weaving sections (AWS) and put forward a novel calculation model for self‐organizing carrying capacity. Firstly, the in‐depth analysis found that each weaving section has a local‐whole and interactive relationship with AWS. Secondly, the self‐organizing critical state of AWS is analyzed by calculating the threshold from slow to congestion. Finally, the Renhe Interchange was used as an experimental object to study the carrying capacity under the self‐organizing critical state of AWS. The VISSIM software and Microsoft Visual Studio 2020‐C# software are employed to verify the model. The self‐organizing critical occupancy rate before the optimization is 38.60%, and the carrying capacity is 7527 pcu/h. After optimization, the self‐organizing critical occupancy rate is 48.70%, and the carrying capacity is 9497 pcu/h. The results show that the model can simulate the carrying capacity of self‐organized criticality. It can also provide a basis for urban managers to maintain the stable development of the system and ensure the overall operation quality of the AWS.
Adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control for high‐speed train using multi‐body dynamics model
Authors: Guo Youxing , Sun Pengfei , Feng Xiaoyun , Yan Keqin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, an equivalent multi‐body dynamics model of high‐speed train with uncertain parameter is established. Based on this detailed model and neural network minimum parameter learning algorithm, an adaptive sliding mode control method is designed for speed and position tracking control of high‐speed train, and the stability of the proposed control method is proved strictly. Then an adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control method (AFSMC) is presented to avoid chattering caused by excessive robust switching gain. Finally, numerical tests are carried out on the proposed AFSMC under different scenarios and operation strategies, and model reference adaptive control (MRAC), PID control and sliding mode control are also tested under the same condition for performance comparison. The results show that the proposed control method is superior to the currently used method. More specifically, compared with MRAC and PID, the average speed tracking accuracy of AFSMC is improved by 0.25 km/h and 0.18 km/h, and the average position tracking accuracy is improved by 0.68 m and 0.7 m, respectively.
The SPAN512 mid-latitude pulsar survey at the Nançay Radio Telescope
Authors: Desvignes G. , Cognard I. , Smith D. A. , Champion D. , Guillemot L. , Kramer M. , Lespagnol P. , Octau F. , Theureau G. 
Published: September 2022

Context. The large number of ongoing surveys for pulsars and transients at various radio observatories is motivated by the science obtained from these sources. Timing and polarisation analysis of relativistic binaries can place strong constraints on theories of gravity. The observation of a growing number of millisecond pulsars (MSPs) spread over the celestial sphere may allow the detection of a stochastic gravitational wave background arising from supermassive black hole binaries. A more complete sample of young pulsars improves our knowledge of neutron star birth and evolution. Transients such as fast radio bursts can serve to probe the intergalactic medium.
Aims. The SPAN512 pulsar survey covers intermediate Galactic latitudes using the L-band receiver of the Nançay Radio Telescope (NRT). The survey covers 224 sq. deg. of the sky for a total exposure time of 2200 h. Population syntheses predict the discovery of 3 to 19 new normal pulsars and a few MSPs.
Methods. We present detailed modelling of the NRT beam with its L-band receiver and its sensitivity which we used to precisely assess the expected survey yield. We used the flexible Pulsar Arecibo L-band Feed Array data processing pipeline to search the 47 TB of SPAN512 data for pulsars and transients.
Results. The SPAN512 survey discovered two new MSPs and one new middle-aged pulsar. We focus on the analysis of the 2.4-ms spin period pulsar J2205+6012 for which we also report the detection of gamma-ray pulsations. Its narrow pulse width (35µs at an observing frequency of 2.55 GHz) allows for sub-microsecond timing precision over 8 yr, with exciting prospects for pulsar timing array programs.
Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index as a Prognostic Factor of Patients
with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Ming , Liu Zhaohui , Li Guojing , Li Bing , Li Chao , Xiao Lianbo , Zhou Jiwu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGeriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI), a newly developed indicator of
nutritional status retrieved by serum albumin concentration and ideal body
weight, has been suggested as a prognostic factor for various malignancies. The
aim of the study was to summarize the prognostic role of GNRI for patients with
non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a meta-analysis. Cohort studies evaluating
the relationship between GNRI at baseline and survival OF NSCLC were retrieved
by search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from inception to
January 12, 2022. A conservative random-effect model incorporating the possible
influence of between-study heterogeneity was used to pool the results. Eleven
cohorts including 2865 patients with NSCLC were included. Compared to those with
higher GNRI, NSCLC patients with lower GNRI were associated with poorer overall
survival [OS, hazard ratio (HR): 2.39, 95% CI: 1.97–2.91,
p<0.001; I2=29%), progression-free survival (HR: 1.94,
95% CI: 1.52–2.47, p<0.001; I2=29%), and
cancer-specific survival (HR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.55–4.35,
p<0.001; I2=0%). Subgroup analyses showed that the
significant association between lower GNRI and worse OS in patients with NSCLC
was not affected by study characteristics including study location, design,
cancer stage, treatment, or follow-up durations (p for subgroup effects
all<0.001). In conclusion, a lower GNRI in patients with NSCLC may be a
predictor of poor survival. Nutritional status indicated by GNRI may be
important for the prognostic prediction of patients with NSCLC.
Investigation of Oxidative Stress Level and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Operated and Nonoperated Patients with Spontaneous Intracerebral Hematoma
Authors: Akyol Mehmet Edip , Demir Canan , Görken Gökhan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background Complex underlying mechanisms consisting of cytotoxic, excitotoxic, and inflammatory effects of intraparenchymal hemorrhage (ICH) are responsible for the highly detrimental effects on brain tissue. Oxidative stress also plays a significant role in brain damage after ICH; however, it is less important than other factors. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the oxidative stress parameters malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant-reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CT) activities in operated and nonoperated patients with spontaneous ICH.
Methods One hundred patients with spontaneous ICH and 100 healthy controls were included in this study. Within the indication, 50 of the 100 patients underwent decompressive surgery. MDA, GSH, SOD, and CT activities were measured in the serum obtained from the patients.
Results SOD and CT levels were lower in the nonoperated group than in the operated and control groups. GSH was similar in the operated and nonoperated groups, but it was lower in the control group. However, MDA was higher in those who did not undergo surgery than in the other groups.
Conclusions In our study, MDA, an indicator of oxidative stress, was found to be lower, and CT and SOD activities were found to be higher in ICH patients who underwent decompression than in those who did not. This is the first study to present the correlations of MDA, SOD, CT, and GSH in operated and nonoperated patients with spontaneous ICH.
Early Identification of Correlated Risk Factors can Improve the Prognosis of Patients with Postoperative Intracranial Infection
Authors: Zhang Rongfang , Niu Jiangtao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background In this retrospective study, we explore the clinical risk factors correlated to the prognosis of patients who suffered from central nervous system infection after a neurosurgical procedure.
Methods The study included 113 patients diagnosed with a postoperative intracranial infection. Several factors with clinical relevance were identified and analyzed by univariate analyses. The risk factors that showed any significant difference between the cases were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analyses.
Results Here we show that the duration of the drainage before infection (measured in days; Beta [B]: –0.113; odds ratio [OR]: 0.893; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.805–0.991; p = 0.033), the number of antibiotics used for the treatment (B: –1.470; OR: 0.230; 95% CI: 0.072–0.738; p = 0.013), and the number of leucocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF; B: –0.016; OR: 0.984; 95% CI: 0.970–0.998; p = 0.027) are risk factors for the prognosis of patients with an intracranial infection. In contrast, the duration of antibiotic treatment (measured in days; B: 0.176; OR: 1.193; 95% CI: 1.063–1.339; p = 0.003) turned out to be a positive factor for recovery from infection.
Conclusions Our results suggest that early identification of the correlated risk factors can improve the prognosis of patients with intracranial infection after neurosurgery.
Comparison of 3D-printed Navigation Template-assisted Pedicle Screws versus Freehand Screws for Scoliosis in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Chunli , Ma Longbing , Wang Xinyu , Yao Qingyu , Zhang Can , Du Yueqi , Li Wei , Jian Fengzeng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background There is a lack of attention to screw placement techniques for surgical treatment of scoliosis in children and adolescents. This meta-analysis aims to compare the accuracy and safety of pedicle screw placement between the 3D-printed navigation template technique and the freehand technique during corrective surgery for scoliosis in children and adolescents.
Methods A comprehensive search was conducted for relevant articles up to December 2021 in databases including PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Web of Science. The systematic meta-analysis compared the efficacy of pedicle screw placement between the two techniques, including accuracy of pedicle screw placement, complication rate, operation time, blood loss, mean placement time per screw, and mean times for fluoroscopy.
Results The seven articles analyzed in this study involved 229 patients altogether. A total of 2,805 pedicle screws were placed by the two methods. Our results revealed that the 3D-printed guide template technique was more accurate than the freehand technique in pedicle screw placement (odds ratio [OR] =2.96; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.24–3.91; p < 0.000) with a lower complication rate (OR = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.06–0.78; p = 0.02). The operation time (mean difference [MD] = –34.37; 95% CI: –67.47 to –1.28; p = 0.04) and mean placement time per screw (MD = –3.11; 95% CI: –6.13 to –0.09; p = 0.04) and mean times for fluoroscopy (MD = –6.60; 95% CI: –8.66 to –4.55; p < 0.000) significantly decreased among patients in the 3D-printed navigation template group compared with those in the freehand technique group. In addition, the two techniques had no significant statistical difference in blood loss.
Conclusions Compared with the traditional freehand technique, the 3D-printed guide template is a promising technique with higher accuracy and safety in screw placement for surgical treatment of scoliosis in children and adolescents, and is worth popularizing and validating through more prospective clinical studies.
An Algorithm for Labia Minora Reduction Based on a Review of Anatomical, Configurational, and Individual Considerations
Authors: Lange Maurits , Hage J. Joris , Karim Refaat B. , Amant Frédéric 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA variety of reduction labiaplasty techniques have been introduced to date, but no single technique will offer the optimal solution for every patient. Rather, the technique should be chosen based on anatomical, configurational, and technical considerations, as well as on patients' personal preferences regarded maintenance of the labial rim, maintenance of labial sensitivity, and prevention of iatrogenic thickening of the labium. We reviewed, defined, and assessed labial configurational variety, neurovascular supply, reduction techniques, and patient's preferences as the considerations relevant to the choice of labiaplasty technique. Based on this review, an algorithm was constructed that leads to a choice of reduction technique through five decisions to be made regarding (1) resection or (partial) retention of the labial free rim, (2) the measure of required labial width reduction, (3) labial vascular status, (4) prevention of iatrogenic labial thickening, and (5) preservation of labial sensibility. The choice of techniques includes edge trimming, central spindle form de-epithelialization or full-thickness resection, and three modifications of the wedge resection or de-epithelialization technique. These three modifications comprised a modified anterior resection or de-epithelialization combined with posterior flap transposition, a custom flask resection or de-epithelialization, and a modified posterior wedge resection or de-epithelialization combined with anterior flap transposition. Use of the five decisional steps and the inclusion of modifications of all three conventional reduction techniques offer an improved algorithm for the choice of labioplasty technique.
The Oblique Extended Reverse First Dorsal Metacarpal Artery Perforator Flap for Coverage of the Radial-Volar Defect of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint in the Index Finger: A Case Report
Authors: Kim Jeeyoon , Seo Bommie Florence , Lee Junho , Jung Sung No 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe dorsal metacarpal artery perforator flap is a flap that rises from the hand dorsum. Owing to its reliability and versatility, this flap is used as a workhorse for finger defect. However, to cover the radial-volar defect of the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) of the index finger, a longer flap is required than before. Here, we introduce the oblique extended reverse first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) perforator flap to cover the radial-volar aspect defect of the index finger. A 45-year-old man got injured to the radial-volar defect of PIPJ of the left index finger caused by thermal press machine. The wound was 2 × 1 cm in size, and the joint and bone were exposed. We used FDMA perforator from anastomosis with palmar metacarpal artery at metacarpal neck. Since the defect was extended to the volar side, the flap was elevated by oblique extension to the fourth metacarpal base level. The fascia was included to the flap, and the flap was rotated counterclockwise. Finally, PIPJ was fully covered by the flap. Donor site was primarily closed. After 12 months of operation, the flap was stable without complication and limitation of range of motion. The oblique extended reverse FDMA perforator flap is a reliable method for covering the radial-volar defect of the PIPJ of the index finger. This flap, which also has an aesthetic advantage, will be a good choice for hand surgeons who want to cover the PIPJ defect of the index finger using a nonmicrosurgical option.
Machine learning as a useful tool for diagnosis of soil compaction under continuous no-tillage in Brazil
Authors: Peixoto Devison Souza , Silva Sérgio Henrique Godinho , Moreira Silvino Guimarães , Silva Alessandro Alvarenga Pereira da , Chiarini Thayná Pereira Azevedo , Silva Lucas de Castro Moreira da , Curi Nilton , Silva Bruno Montoani 
Published: September 2022

Context Correct diagnosis of the state of soil compaction is a challenge in continuous no-tillage (NT). Aims and methods The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of four machine learning algorithms to diagnose the state of soil compaction (NT and occasional tillage – OT). For these purposes, data from a field experiment conducted in a clayey Typic Hapludox with mechanical (chiselling and subsoiling) and chemical (gypsum and limestone) methods for mitigation of soil compaction were used. To diagnose the state of soil compaction, soil physical properties [soil bulk density, penetration resistance, macroporosity (MAC), microporosity (MIC), air capacity (AC), available water content, relative field capacity and total porosity (TP)] in addition to crop yield (Rel_Yield) were used as predictor variables for Classification and Regression Trees (CART), Random Forest (RF), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms. Key results The most important variables for predicting the state of soil compaction were Rel_Yield and soil porosity (MAC, TP, MIC and AC). The machine learning algorithms had satisfactory performance in diagnosing which sites were compacted and which were not. The decision tree algorithms (CART and RF) performed better than ANN and SVM, reaching accuracy = 0.90, Kappa index = 0.76 and sensitivity = 0.83. Conclusions and implications The machine learning algorithm approach proved to be an efficient tool in diagnosing soil compaction in continuous NT, improving decision-making concerning the use of OT.
Quantum thermal field fluctuation induced corrections to the interaction between two ground-state atoms
Authors: Cheng Shijing , Zhou Wenting , Yu Hongwei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We generalize the formalism proposed by Dalibard, Dupont-Roc, and Cohen-Tannoudji (the DDC formalism) in the fourth order for two atoms in interaction with scalar fields in vacuum to a thermal bath at finite temperature T, and then calculate the interatomic interaction energy of two ground-state atoms separately in terms of the contributions of thermal fluctuations and the radiation reaction of the atoms and analyze in detail the thermal corrections to the van der Waals and Casimir–Polder interactions. We discover a particular region, i.e.

λ

3

β

4

≪
L
≪
λ

with L, β and λ denoting the interatomic separation, the wavelength of thermal photons and the transition wavelength of the atoms respectively, where the thermal corrections remarkably render the van der Waals force, which is usually attractive, repulsive, leading to an interesting crossover phenomenon of the interatomic interaction from attractive to repulsive as the temperature increases. We also find that the thermal corrections cause significant changes to the Casimir–Polder force when the temperature is sufficiently high, resulting in an attractive force proportional to TL
−3 in the λ ≪ β ≪ L region, and a force that can be either attractive or repulsive and even vanishing in the β ≪ λ ≪ L region depending on the interatomic separation.
Measuring fine molecular structures with luminescence signal from an alternating current scanning tunneling microscope
Authors: Wen Fei , Dong Guohui , Dong Hui 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In scanning tunneling microscopy-induced luminescence (STML), the photon count is measured to reflect single-molecule properties, e.g., the first molecular excited state. The energy of the first excited state is typically shown by a rise of the photon count as a function of the bias voltage between the tip and the substrate. It remains a challenge to determine the precise rise position of the current due to possible experimental noise. In this work, we propose an alternating current version of STML to resolve the fine structures in the photon count measurement. The measured photon count and the current at the long-time limit show a sinusoidal oscillation. The zero-frequency component of the current shows knee points at the precise voltage as the fraction of the detuning between the molecular gap and the DC component of the bias voltage. We propose to measure the energy level with discontinuity of the first derivative of such a zero-frequency component. The current method will extend the application of STML in terms of measuring molecular properties.
Hierarchical dimensional crossover of an optically-trapped quantum gas with disorder
Authors: Li Kangkang , Liang Zhaoxin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Dimensionality serves as an indispensable ingredient in any attempt to formulate low-dimensional physics, and studying the dimensional crossover at a fundamental level is challenging. The purpose of this work is to study the hierarchical dimensional crossovers, namely the crossover from three dimensions (3D) to quasi-2D and then to 1D. Our system consists of a 3D Bose–Einstein condensate trapped in an anisotropic 2D optical lattice characterized by the lattice depths V
1 along the x direction and V
2 along the y direction, respectively, where the hierarchical dimensional crossover is controlled via V
1 and V
2. We analytically derive the ground-state energy, quantum depletion and the superfluid density of the system. Our results demonstrate the 3D-quasi-2D-1D dimensional crossovers in the behavior of quantum fluctuations. Conditions for possible experimental realization of our scenario are also discussed.
Performance evaluation of thermoelectric generator employing SEPIC converter and incremental conductance maximum power point tracking for electric vehicles
Authors: Jaswanth N. , Raam Dheep G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article introduced a unique MPPT controller for thermoelectric generators. Our method uses a modified incremental conductance (IC) algorithm to track MPP efficiently. The proposed method is simple to install, fast-tracking, and stable. Traditionally, MPPT trades off steady-state and transition-state properties. Various designs flows are explored. The study’s common parameters are fast convergence, efficiency, and low oscillations. Use a proposed strategy that effectively handles these difficulties. The proposed methodology improves TEG MPPT efficiency and convergence times.