bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FASN-dependent de novo lipogenesis is required for brain development
Authors: Gonzalez-Bohorquez Daniel , Gallego López Isabel M. , Jaeger Baptiste N. , Pfammatter Sibylle , Bowers Megan , Semenkovich Clay F. , Jessberger Sebastian 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Regulation of cellular metabolism in proliferating progenitor cells and their neuronal progeny is critical for brain development and function. Here, we identify a pivotal role of fatty acid synthase (FASN)-dependent de novo lipogenesis for mouse and human brain development, as genetic deletion of FASN leads to microcephaly in the developing mouse cortex and cortical malformations in human embryonic stem cell–derived forebrain organoids. Mechanistically, we show that FASN is required for proper polarity of apical progenitor cells. The dual approach applied here, using mouse genetics and human forebrain organoids, establishes a role of FASN-dependent lipogenesis for mouse and human brain development and identifies a link between progenitor-cell polarity and lipid metabolism.
Talking about oneself
Authors: Mueller Charles M. , Richardson Peter 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSecond language instructors often have students talk about their own experiences rather than abstract impersonal topics. Intuitively, such topics seem more likely to encourage student engagement. Unfortunately, virtually no empirical research has examined the effects of personal prompts on spoken output. To address this gap in research, the current study (N = 117) compares the spoken output of Japanese university English students who responded to a personal prompt with students responding to an impersonal prompt. Output was recorded in transcripts and then analyzed using a battery of measures related to complexity, accuracy, and fluency. Findings showed that personalized prompts were associated with greater fluency. Moreover, there was some evidence that impersonal prompts led to output with greater lexical complexity. Rates of accuracy were similar in both groups. Correlational analysis suggested that lexical sophistication was associated with reduced fluency. The conclusion addresses practical implications and avenues for further research.
Active Brownian motion with speed fluctuations in arbitrary dimensions: exact calculation of moments and dynamical crossovers
Authors: Shee Amir , Chaudhuri Debasish 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We consider the motion of an active Brownian particle with speed fluctuations in d-dimensions in the presence of both translational and orientational diffusion. We use an Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process for active speed generation. Using a Laplace transform approach, we describe and use a Fokker–Planck equation-based method to evaluate the exact time dependence of all relevant dynamical moments. We present explicit calculations of several such moments and compare our analytical predictions against numerical simulations to demonstrate and analyze the dynamical crossovers, determined by the orientational persistence of activity, speed fluctuation and relaxation. The kurtosis of displacement shows positive and negative deviations from a Gaussian behavior at intermediate times depending on the dominance of speed and orientational fluctuations, respectively.
Optimal control of complex networks with conformity behavior
Authors: Qian Zu-Yu , Yuan Cheng , Zhou Jie , Chen Shi-Ming , Nie Sen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Despite the significant advances in identifying the driver nodes and energy requiring in network control, a framework that incorporates more complicated dynamics remains challenging. Here, we consider the conformity behavior into network control, showing that the control of undirected networked systems with conformity will become easier as long as the number of external inputs beyond a critical point. We find that this critical point is fundamentally determined by the network connectivity. In particular, we investigate the nodal structural characteristic in network control and propose optimal control strategy to reduce the energy requiring in controlling networked systems with conformity behavior. We examine those findings in various synthetic and real networks, confirming that they are prevailing in describing the control energy of networked systems. Our results advance the understanding of network control in practical applications.
Light curve analysis of the eclipsing binary system V781 Tau
Authors: Lamlert N , Maithong W 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
V781 Tau is one of W UMa eclipsing binary systems whose orbital period is 0.34 days. The 0.7-meter telescope with CCD photometric system in B and V filters was conducted at the Regional Observatory for the Public, Chachoengsao, Thailand during December 2018, UT. The Wilson-Devinney Technique was used for calculating the physical properties of V781 Tau. The results showed the inclination of their orbital is 66.140°±0.14. The effective temperature of the primary and secondary star is 6,060 and 5,881 K, respectively and the degree of contact is 4.38 %
Ganymede’s magnetic footprint brightness and location in respond to main emission
Authors: Promfu T , Wannawichian S , Nichols J D , Clarke J T , Haewsantati K 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Jupiter’s aurora features have been observed by the Hubble space telescope (HST) for over two decades. One of the auroral features, Ganymede’s magnetic footprint, appears close to the main emission and is sometimes embedded in the main emission. The latter case causes difficulty in identifying Ganymede’s magnetic footprint from in the main emission. The FUV aurora images were taken by Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) onboard the HST. The fluctuations of Ganymede’s footprint brightness over time will be analyzed. Moreover, the correlation between the brightness and locations of the main emission and Ganymede’s magnetic footprint will be analyzed to characterize the connection between ionospheric phenomena and the magnetospheric dynamics. Since the main emission is very bright in comparison with the footprint, therefore, the variation of the main emission can affect the Ganymede’s magnetic footprint. Furthermore, the expansion of the main emission is consistent with the location shift of Ganymede’s magnetic footprint in equatorward direction. The brightness and location of the main emission can be influenced by the plasma variation in Jupiter’s magnetosphere which is affected partly by the volcanic eruption on Io and solar wind dynamic pressure. The variation of Ganymede magnetic footprint’s brightness and location in respond to the main emission could be an important indicator of the magnetospheric variation under the influences of internal and external factors.
Constraining the annihilation of dark matter via cosmic-ray positrons and electrons
Authors: Setthahirun Suwitchaya , Wechakama Maneenate 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We aim to constrain the properties of dark matter particles by several measurements of positrons and electrons from cosmic-rays. We assume that collisions of dark matter particles and dark matter anti-particles can produce positrons and electrons. The electron-positron propagation is explained by a diffusion-loss equation including loss rates, diffusion, as well as source function. We use data of cosmic-ray positrons and electrons detected by PAMELA, H.E.S.S., AMS-02 and Fermi-LAT. We compare the observational data with the electron and positron spectrum from five annihilation channels in our model to derive constraining factors regarding the cross-section of the annihilation of dark matter. The tightest constraint is provided by cosmic-ray positrons of AMS-02 for the electron channel. Dark matter with mass below a few GeV gets excluded by the cosmic-ray positrons of AMS-02 for the electron, muon and tau channels.
Detectability of exomoons by examining the signals from a model of transiting exoplanets with moons
Authors: Cherdwongsung P , Awiphan S , Kittara P , Matan K , Nakharutai N 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Exomoons are natural satellites of exoplanets. Nowadays, none has been confirmed. However, a number of detection techniques have been proposed, including Transit Timing Variations (TTV) and Transit Duration Variations (TDV) techniques. From a recent study, fitting observed transit with the traditional photocentric fitting model shows unique features around the primary and secondary exomoon transits in TDV and transit depth signals, which might reduce the detectability. The aim of this work is to retrieve the variation of TTV, TDV and transit depth signals of exomoon systems with the photocentric fitting model. One year star-planet-moon transit light curves are simulated with LUNA algorithm and fit with TransitFit. The results show that neglecting the TDV and transit depth data with phase around exomoon’s primary and secondary transits improve the exomoon detectability by a factor of ten and the systems with large moon orbital semi-major axis with nearly edge-on orbit around low mass stars can be detected.
The spectral energy distribution of an X-ray pair halo from a gamma-ray source with a power-law continuum
Authors: Eungwanichayapant A , Luangtip W 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Interactions between Very High Energy (VHE) gamma-rays from Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) and infrared photons from the Extragalactic Background Light (EBL) can start electromagnetic cascades. If the extragalactic magnetic field near a host galaxy is strong enough (∼1 µG), the cascades would develop isotropically around the AGN. As a result, the electron/positron pairs created along the development of the cascades would create an X-ray halo via synchrotron radiation process. It is believed that the VHE gamma-ray spectra from the AGNs could be approximated by a power-law model which is truncated at high energy end (i.e. maximum energy). In this work we studied the X-ray Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) of the halo generated from the AGN spectra with different power indices and maximum energy levels. The results showed that the SEDs were slightly higher and broader, as they were obtaining higher flux if the power indices were lower. On the other hand, the SEDs were sensitive to the maximum energy levels between 100-300 TeV. More flux could be obtained from the higher maximum energy. However, we found that the SED becomes insensitive to the varied parameters when the maximum energy and the power index are > 500 TeV and < 1.5, respectively.
Effect of Zr content on the structure and morphology of CrZrN thin films prepared by reactive DC magnetron co-sputtering method
Authors: Buranawong Adisorn , Witit-Anun Nirun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this research, nanostructured chromium zirconium nitride (CrZrN) thin film has been deposited on Si(100) substrates by reactive DC magnetron co-sputtering method without in situ substrate heating and post-deposition annealing. The effects of Zr content on thin film structure and morphology were investigated. The Zr content in the films were varied by applied the sputtering current of Zr target (Izr) in the range of 300 to 900 mA, whereas the current of Cr target was kept at 300 mA. The crystal structure, microstructure, morphology, thickness, and chemical composition were characterized by glancing angle X-ray diffraction (GA-XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) techniques, respectively. The results showed that the increase of Izr not only increased the deposition rate, but also increased the Zr content of the as-deposited film ranging from 3.9 to 26.5 at%. The as-deposited thin films were formed as a (Cr,Zr)N solid solution, with fcc structure in (111) and (200) plane, where Cr atoms were replaced by Zr atoms in the CrN lattice. The 2θ diffraction peaks were shifted to the lower value as increase of Zr content which was obtained by increased Izr. The nanocrystalline CrZrN structure with crystal sizes smaller than 10 nm structure were calculated for as-deposited thin films. The lattice parameters increased from 4.187 to 4.381 Å, whereas the crystal size decreased from 8.3 to 6.4 nm. The FE-SEM images of all the CrZrN films exhibited compact columnar with dense morphology as a function of Zr content. Moreover, the thickness of the CrZrN thin films was increased of 302 – 421 nm.
Evaluation of projected decadal wind energy potential in Chiang Mai
Authors: Ratjiranukool Pakpoom , Ratjiranukool Sujittra 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
One of the alternative energy sources which have globally pay more attention is wind power. In this research, the Weibull wind speed distribution was applied to evaluate wind energy potential during the period of 2081-2090. The projected wind datasets in this study were simulated by the Non hydrostatic Regional Climate Model (NHRCM). The boundary condition was the 20 km resolution MRI Atmospheric General Circulation Model (AGCM20) under the RCP8.5 scenario. The surface wind datasets in Chiang Mai were analyzed to 3-time intervals, i.e., May-August, September-December and January-April. Two averaged Weibull distribution parameters, i.e., k, shape parameter, and c, scale parameter were determined. The shape and scale parameters fluctuated 1.15 to 1.34 and 0.38 m/s to 0.74 m/s, respectively. It was found that the surface mean wind speed from May through August was stronger than from September through December.
Integrated studies to investigate paleochannel aquifer in Dan Chang District, Suphan Buri Province, Western Thailand
Authors: Muangnoi S , Chaimanee N , Pananont P 
Published: January 2022

AbstractClimate change is currently causing droughts in many parts of Thailand, especially in Dan Chang District, Suphan Buri Province where many areas are outside irrigation coverage and deep groundwater explorations are less successful due to groundwater shortages. Therefore, there is a need to explore other shallow groundwater (i.e. less than 15 m deep) resources to relieve the drought problems in the communities. This work uses integrated studies of remote sensing, geology and geophysics to identify the location of a paleochannel that contains shallow groundwater resources in the Nong Makha Mong Subdistrict, Dan Chang District, Suphan Buri Province. Potential sites were selected using preliminary remote sensing analysis along with field surveys. A high-resolution topography map from aerial photos was generated and 2D resistivity imaging surveys were conducted at the selected sites to delineate the location of the paleochannel. The drilled wells prove the success of the integrated study to identify the shallow groundwater in the paleochannel at a depth of 3 to 15 m with a groundwater yield of 4 m3/h. The sediments from the borehole suggest that a combination of alluvial deposits and fluvial sediments. Due to the relative lower cost of drilling shallow wells, this work could be used as a pilot project for local communities to explore shallow groundwater aquifers in paleochannels in areas that face a severe drought crisis and have very little deep groundwater potential.
The remanent magnetisation recorded in the Chesapeake Bay impact crater, Virginia
Authors: Supakulopas R , Tikoo S M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
During impact events, planetary crusts experience high pressures that can impart rocks with shock remanent magnetisation (SRM) if an ambient magnetic field or demagnetise rocks if a field is absent. If rocks experience substantial impact heating or are pressurised above ~40 GPa (inducing melting and recrystallisation) they may instead record a thermo-viscous remanent magnetisation (TVRM) as they cool below their Curie temperatures. Understanding impact re-magnetisation is crucial for studying terrestrial impact craters, but also unraveling the history of long-lived core dynamo fields on other planetary bodies. In this research we studied impact-related re-magnetisation recorded in natural rock samples from the Chesapeake Bay impact crater, Virginia. As a case study, here we discuss the natural remanent magnetisation (NRM) of two samples of different rock types: a suevite (sample I9-UI, depth 1.40 km beneath the ground) and a schist (sample S32, depth 1.67 km beneath the ground) using thermal and alternating field demagnetisation. The suevite represents a sample that contains material that experience impact remelting, whereas the schist represents an unmelted rock. From the NRM spectra, we found that the sample ITH9-UI was remagnetised by TVRM due to impact-related heating, while the sample STH32 shows the indication of shock deformation of magnetic minerals.
Single-axis solar tracking system referring to date and time
Authors: Chaijum N , Cheunchantawong L , Siriram T 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This article is about designing and building a single-axis solar tracking system referring to the sun position database. The objectives are as follows: 1. to design and build a solar tracking system, and, 2. to compare the power produced from the solar tracking system with that from the stationary solar panel. The angle of the solar panel from the solar tracking system is positioned at a constant altitude angle, 15 degrees, facing south, and the moving part was the azimuth, which follows the position of the sun. Latitude and longitude coordinates are identified by an Arduino UNO R3 microcontroller board for processing data, reading coordinates of the sun’s angle degrees from the SD card module, and commanding the servo motor to rotate to adjust the angle of the solar panel in a position perpendicular to the sun. Results from the experiment were collected in October 2020 from 9 AM to 4 PM. The system changed the angle degree every 30 minutes. It is found that the solar tracking system can easily be created and controlled, and can also accurately follow the sun’s position all day long. Moreover, it can generate more electric power than that generated by the stationary solar panel by up to 15%. The system is applicable and can generate more electric power than other tracking systems, although the results were collected during the rainy season when the weather was generally cloudy and rainy throughout the month.
The simulation of the microwave shielding properties of the dual band pass frequency selective surface
Authors: Samoh Asma , Chitaree Ratchapak 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Without proper caution, the microwave leakage from a microwave oven door can be harmful to users’ health. In practice, the leaked radiation has to be blocked while the visible light is allowed to pass for a visual inspection of the cooking progress inside the oven. To fulfil the requirements, the door design based on the principle of the frequency selective surface (FSS) was proposed and the gridded square loop pattern was chosen. In the simulation conducted by COMSOL Multiphysics software, the size of the proposed FSS was given as 40.7×40.7 mm with a dielectric thickness of 2.8 mm. Two important characteristics in terms of shielding effectiveness (SE) and optical transparency (OT) of the proposed FSS configuration at normal incidence were simulated and found to be 62.7 dB and 57.5%, respectively. The simulation results indicate that the proposed FSS is applicable to a safety design of a microwave oven door in suppressing the microwave leakage. Parametric studies on the characteristics due to geometrical dimensions and glass substrate thickness were also investigated. These parameters were found to affect the shielding and transmitting performances of the proposed FSS.
Low-cost laser diode pulse generator for quantum information applications
Authors: Buathong S , Janpoon J , Suksawat N , Deachapunya S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A simple short-pulse generator circuit based on electronic gates is designed for short electric pulse of about 12 ns at Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) and 3.6 Volt amplitude for driving a laser diode. Using our circuit with a 780 nm laser diode designed and fabricated for producing short light pulses. The circuit utilizes an AND gate, a XOR gate, and a common function generator, provides a repetition rate from DC up to 1 MHz. The laser pulses were generated and then detected via an avalanche photodiodes (APD). This finding can benefit the field of light-based quantum information including single photon experiments.
Color measurement of yellow sapphire by UV-Vis reflectance spectroscopy
Authors: Tipkanon N , Monarumit N , Lhuaamporn T , Wongkokua W 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Yellow sapphire is a gemstone variety of corundum (Al2O3). The yellow color is commonly caused by Fe3+ impurity substituting for Al3+ in the Al2O3 structure. The depth of yellow color is linked to Fe3+ concentration. The higher content of Fe3+ produces a deeper yellow color. However, there is low content of the impurity such as Be2+ in cooperating with the low content of Fe3+ to produce the yellow color in yellow sapphires. It is difficult to differentiate between the natural yellow sapphire caused by high Fe3+ content and the beryllium-treated yellow sapphire by naked eyes. Some advanced techniques to identify the Be heat-treated yellow sapphire have been practiced such as laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). We measured the colors of naturals and beryllium-treated yellow sapphires by UV-Vis reflectance spectroscopy. The concentration of impurities in the sapphire samples was measured by the LA-ICP-MS technique. To compare the yellow colors of CIE L
*
a
*
b
* and CIE L
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C
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h, we found that the lightness and hue values of the Be-treated yellow sapphires were higher than the natural yellow sapphires with high Fe3+ content.
Demonstration of light reflection concepts for rendering realistic 3D tree images
Authors: Hiranyachattada Tiantada , Kusirirat Kampanat , Kamolchaipisit Kasem , Jaiboonlue Panadda 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
With advancements in computer graphics, creating natural images has always been the main purpose, image rendering is all based on principles of physics. So, understanding the physics of image rendering will enable us to create the most realistic images. A ray of light hit a surface with different orientation and reflects as per the rules of physics. It is difficult to calculate the light reflection of complex foliage, such as trees, so, the reflection of this natural complexity needs to be adapted to rendering situations. In this research, the researchers provide demonstrations to enable students to understand the light reflection in nature, light calculation in computer graphics and methods to apply them to render realistic tree images. The researchers assign students to render 3D realistic tree images to assess the students’ understanding by applying the diffuse reflection value, specular reflection value and surface normal direction to render realistic tree images. The researchers find that most students understand of diffuse reflection, specular reflection, and surface normal direction causes the rendering results to be most realistic.
High efficiency five-element trap detector with low optical losses
Authors: Sildoja M M , Schneider P , Nevas S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We have constructed a 5-element trap detector using 10 x 10 mm UVG100 photodiodes. The trap exhibits high uniformity of responsivity (±100 part per million) and ultra-low reflectance losses (mostly below 1 part per million) throughout the visible range. Responsivity and quantum efficiency measurements indicate close to ideal performance between 360 nm and 680 nm within the expanded measurement uncertainty of 0.25 %–0.15 %. The UVG trap can be considered as an absolute detector between these wavelengths and as a cheaper and a simpler alternative to the custom-made Predictable Quantum Efficient Detector for use in photometric and radiometric applications.