bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Online Multi‐Internal Standard Calibration for Determination of Iodine by ICP‐MS
Authors: Zhou Long‐Hua , Lin Xing‐Chen , Suo Li‐Li , Ma Li‐Fang , Hu Gui‐Xiang , Xia Xiang , Li Ming , Huang Wei‐Hua , Jin Yong‐Jiu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the application of online multi‐internal standard calibration (M.ISC) in determining iodine concentrations through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). Notably, M.ISC streamlines the calibration process by requiring only a single standard solution, thereby enhancing sample throughput and minimizing liquid waste. In addition, unlike conventional internal standard (IS) methods, M.ISC omits the need for time‐consuming species identification by utilizing multiple IS species simultaneously to minimize signal biases. The effectiveness of M.ISC was validated through the analysis of six standard reference samples, with the results of LOD and LOQ also being calculated by the error propagation approach. The traditional chemical analytical methods (TCAM), external standard calibration (EC) and single IS methods were also evaluated as comparative purpose. Nonetheless, M.ISC emerges as a straightforward matrix‐correction strategy, offering a simple and efficient alternative to traditional calibration methods for iodine detection by ICP‐MS.
SARS‐CoV‐2 Productively Infects Human Hepatocytes and Induces Cell Death
Authors: Ko Chunkyu , Cheng Cho‐Chin , Mistretta Daniele , Ambike Shubhankar , Sacherl Julia , Velkov Stoyan , Liao Bo‐Hung , Bester Romina , Gültan Merve , Polezhaeva Olga , Herrmann Alexander , Jakwerth Constanze A. , Schmidt‐Weber Carsten B. , Bugert Joachim J. , Wölfel Roman , Grass Vincent , Essbauer Sandra , Schnepf Daniel , Keppler Oliver T. , Vondran Florian W. R. , Pichlmair Andreas , Mogler Carolin , Ebert Gregor , Protzer Ulrike 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSARS‐CoV‐2 infection is accompanied by elevated liver enzymes, and patients with pre‐existing liver conditions experience more severe disease. While it was known that SARS‐CoV‐2 infects human hepatocytes, our study determines the mechanism of infection, demonstrates viral replication and spread, and highlights direct hepatocyte damage. Viral replication was readily detectable upon infection of primary human hepatocytes and hepatoma cells with the ancestral SARS‐CoV‐2, Delta, and Omicron variants. Hepatocytes express the SARS‐CoV‐2 receptor ACE2 and the host cell protease TMPRSS2, and knocking down ACE2 and TMPRSS2 impaired SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Progeny viruses released from infected hepatocytes showed the typical coronavirus morphology by electron microscopy and proved infectious when transferred to fresh cells, indicating that hepatocytes can contribute to virus spread. Importantly, SARS‐CoV‐2 infection rapidly induced hepatocyte death in a replication‐dependent fashion, with the Omicron variant showing faster onset but less extensive cell death. C57BL/6 wild‐type mice infected with a mouse‐adapted SARS‐CoV‐2 strain showed high levels of viral RNA in liver and lung tissues. ALT peaked when viral RNA was cleared from the liver. Liver histology revealed profound tissue damage and immune cell infiltration, indicating that direct cytopathic effects of SARS‐CoV‐2 and immune‐mediated killing of infected hepatocytes contribute to liver pathology.
Management of pediatric Peutz–Jeghers syndrome: Highlighting the efficacy and safety of endoscopic ischemic polypectomy
Authors: Dofuku Mika , Yano Tomonori , Yokoyama Koji , Okada Yuko , Kumagai Hideki , Tajima Toshihiro , Osaka Hitoshi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectivesPatients with Peutz–Jeghers syndrome (PJS) require continuous medical management throughout their lives. However, few case series regarding the clinical course, polyp surveillance, and treatment, including endoscopic ischemic polypectomy (EIP) for pediatric patients with PJS, were reported. We analyzed the current status and clinical course of pediatric patients with PJS under the management of our institute, including those treated with EIP.MethodsMedical information on double‐balloon enteroscopy (DBE) performed between January 2006 and December 2023 and patient backgrounds were retrospectively collected. The location of polyps, breakdown of treatment methods, and differences in complication rates of each treatment method were analyzed.ResultsThe median age at diagnosis of PJS was 9 years (0–18 years), and the prevalence of intussusception before the first DBE among the patients was 68.2%. In total, 115 procedures were performed in 22 pediatric patients with PJS. There were 100 therapeutic procedures, and the total number of treated polyps was 462 (362, 54, and 46 in the small bowel, colon, and stomach, respectively). Conventional polypectomy was performed for 106 polyps, and ischemic polypectomy was performed for 356 polyps. The incidence rates of post‐polypectomy bleeding and perforation associated with conventional polypectomy and EIP were 2.83% and 0.28%, respectively (p = 0.042). Eight patients (36.4%) had polyps larger than 15 mm under the age of 8 years.ConclusionsProper imaging evaluation and endoscopic treatment for gastrointestinal (GI) polyps are essential to prevent GI complications in pediatric patients with PJS, even those younger than 8 years old. Moreover, EIP may be the ideal procedure for managing polyps in this population.
Effects of genotype and environment on the physiochemical properties of Canadian oat varieties
Authors: Alexander Vanessa , Nilsen Kirby T. , Joseph Sijo , Beta Trust , Malunga Lovemore Nkhata 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe relationship between oat grain composition and physical attributes as influenced by oat genotype and Canadian growing environments was investigated. Thirty Canadian oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes, grown in three Canadian growing locations (Brandon, Manitoba; Portage la Prairie, Manitoba; and Lacombe, Alberta) over 2 consecutive years (2020–2021), were analyzed.RESULTSAnalysis of variance showed that the protein, total starch, and amylose content were significantly affected by genotype, environment, and their interaction. A principal component analysis bi‐plot illustrated that protein and total starch had an inverse relationship and were more affected by growing year, whereas amylose content had a negligible influence. The majority of genotypes were stable across environments but some genotypes, like CDC Morrison, were more influenced by different environments. Correlation analysis suggested that drought‐like conditions early in the growing season generated oat genotypes that favored the accumulation of protein, β‐glucan, and oil.CONCLUSIONThe results provide detailed information regarding the relationship between important oat chemical and physical traits and different growing environments, which can assist breeders to improve characteristics to obtain high‐quality oat grains and thus high‐quality end products. © 2025 His Majesty the King in Right of Canada and The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. Reproduced with the permission of the Minister of Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada.
Integrating Ultra‐High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography and Orbitrap High‐Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Feature‐Based Molecular Networking, and Network Medicine to Unlock Harvesting Strategies for Endangered Sinocalycanthus Chinensis
Authors: Tong Yingpeng , Li Xin , Wan Jiang , Zhou Qi , Jiang Chunxiao , Li Na , Jin Zexin , Gu Junjie , Li Fan , Li Junmin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEvaluating the practical utility of endangered plant species is crucial for their conservation. Nevertheless, numerous endangered plants, including Sinocalycanthus chinensis, lack historical usage data, leading to a paucity of guidance in traditional pharmacological research. This gap impedes their development and potential utilization. Ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography and Orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry were employed to analyze the S. chinensis leaves collected at different harvesting times. Then, the metabolites were automatically annotated by a self‐built R script in conjunction with characteristic fragment ions, neutral loss filtering, and feature‐based molecular networking. By integrating metabolomics with network medicine analysis, the potential usage and optimal harvest times for S. chinensis were unlocked. A total of 305 metabolites were identified, with 66.8% annotated by self‐built R script. A progressive increase in metabolite disparities was observed from May to August, followed by a relatively minor distinction from August to October. Notably diverse metabolites were detected in S. chinensis harvested during different periods, implying potential variations in efficacy. Network medicine analysis indicated possible therapeutic implications of S. chinensis for lung cancer, diabetes, bladder cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. Samples collected in May and September demonstrated exceptional efficacy. Harvesting was strategically conducted during these months based on variations in sample characteristics and metabolite content, tailored to their intended applications for dietary or medicinal purposes. This study developed an efficient methodology for investigating metabolites and exploring the potential applications of S. chinensis in food and herbal medicine. Consequently, it provides technical support for the sustainable conservation of endangered plants with limited clinical application experience.
A 2.2–3 GHz Non‐Quadrature Vector‐Sum Phase Shifter With Low‐Phase Error and Based on Coarse‐Fine Tuning
Authors: Kebe Mamady , Amaya Rony E. , Yagoub Mustapha C. E. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis letter presents the design and implementation of a novel analog phase shifter architecture based on generating and synthesizing non‐quadrature vector signals. The phase shift is achieved through coarse and fine‐tuning. The coarse tuning is executed by the path selectors of the generated phase vectors, whereas tunable passive attenuators do the fine‐tuning. The proposed phase shifter was implemented on a commercial PCB and tested at 2.6 GHz center frequency. The fabricated protocol generates a 360° continuous phase shift from 2.2 to 3 GHz with an RMS gain imbalance of 1.1 dB at the center frequency. Moreover, the measured RMS phase error is 0.115° at the center frequency and less than 2° within the bandwidth, which is ultra‐low for an RF phase shifter. With a size of 1.2 × 0.8 , the fabricated phase shifter consumes a small DC power of about 6.2 mW, which is smaller than the power consumed by most vector modulators.
Impact of Posterior Tibial Nerve Stimulation on Early Continence Following Extraperitoneal Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy With Three Trocars
Authors: Akin Yigit , Yorulmaz Enis Mert , Kose Osman , Ozcan Serkan , Gorgel Sacit Nuri , Tumer Erbay 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimPosterior tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) might stimulate the sacral nerves and lead to work pelvic floor muscles. We evaluated to effects of PTNS on continence results after extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (eLRP) with three trocars during early post operative period.MethodsProspectively recorded data of eLRP with three trocars was retrospectively reviewed for continence results between January 2017 and April 2024. Demographic, clinical, and follow‐up data including age, prostate‐specific antigen, prostate volume, nerve sparing surgery, and Gleason score were considered for match‐paired analysis criteria. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether received PTNS therapy after surgery or not. Group 1 consisted of patients without PTNS (n = 66), and Group 2 consisted of patients who were applied PTNS (n = 66) after eLRP. Continence status, urine loss ratio (ULR), ICIQ‐SF, and SF‐12 Quality of Life Scale were recorded during outpatient control after 2nd, 3rd, 6th and 12th months of surgery. Statistically significant p was p ≤ 0.05.ResultsMean follow‐up was 25 ± 8.7 months. There were 66 patients in each group and match‐paired analyses were performed. Group 2 had significant lower incontinence rate and ICIQ‐SF score at second and third months follow‐up (p = 0.026 and p = 0.045; p = 0.044 and p = 0.031 respectively). Group 2 had significantly higher Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) (p = 0.005 and p = 0.011 for PCS; p = 0.008 and p = 0.025 for MCS, respectively) at second and third months follow‐up. Additionally, ULR was significant better in Group 2 at second and third month of surgery (p = 0.042, p = 0.037, respectively). All these parameters were comparable between groups after sixth and 12th months.ConclusionsPTNS can be safely applied to provide early continence in patients underwent eLRP. Due to improved functional outcomes, higher quality of life might be gained in early follow‐up period.
Electrical resistivity tomography data inversion using prior information for tunnel prospecting: A case study from southwestern China
Authors: Deng Zhaoyang , Nie Lichao , Li Zhi‐Qiang , Xu Xiaodong , Du Yuchao , Mei Zhenggui , Yang Haiqing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe direct current (DC) resistivity method is extensively used to predict water‐inrush disasters in tunnel prospecting. However, during DC resistivity inversion, different initial models can significantly affect the inversion results, often resulting in convergence at a local optimum. To overcome these challenges, we propose a new method for DC data inversion that uses prior information as a reference model. First, the resistivity distribution of the surrounding rock mass was estimated based on detailed geological analysis. Next, an initial homogeneous resistivity model was constructed by averaging the observed tunnel resistivity values. Finally, the initial model was developed by incorporating borehole rock samples and water content data. The effectiveness of the method' was assessed using a series of synthetic models of typical water‐bearing structures. We then applied this approach to the Laomacao Tunnel in the Yunnan Central Water Diversion Project (southwestern China), where drilling data were used as a priori information to optimize the initial model together with the average tunnel resistivity values, successfully identifying the water‐bearing structure ahead of the tunnel face. Overall, the proposed method enhances the understanding of sudden surges, aiding in the prevention and control of water disasters in tunnels.
Reactivity of Imidazole‐ and Pyridine‐Carboxaldehydes for Gem‐Diol and Hemiacetal Generation: Theoretical and Experimental Insights
Authors: Crespi Ayelén F. , Barrionuevo Emiliano , Jasinski Gabriel , Moglioni Albertina G. , Vega Daniel , Lázaro‐Martínez Juan M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGem‐diols are defined as organic molecules carrying two hydroxyl groups at the same carbon atom, which is the result of the nucleophilic addition of water to a carbonyl group. In this work, the generation of the hydrated or hemiacetal forms using pyridine‐ and imidazole‐carboxaldehyde isomers in different chemical environments was studied by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) recorded in different media and combined with theoretical calculations. The change in the position of aldehyde group in either the pyridine or the imidazole ring had a clear effect in the course of the hydration/hemiacetal generation reaction, which was favored in protic solvents mainly in the presence of methanol. For pyridinecarboxaldehydes, the acidity/basicity degree of the reaction medium influenced not only the generation of the gem‐diol or hemiacetal forms but also the oxidation to the corresponding carboxylic acid. However, imidazolecarboxaldehyde was found to be less reactive to the nucleophilic addition of water and methanol than the other compounds in all the environments evaluated. Furthermore, both the gem‐diol/hemiacetal generation and the Cannizzaro reaction products were studied in alkaline medium.
Understanding Urban Resilience and SDGs: A New Approach in Decision‐Making for Sustainable Cities
Authors: Barcellos‐Paula Luciano , Castro‐Rezende Aline , Gil‐Lafuente Anna María 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRecent crises exacerbate social, environmental, and economic problems affecting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and urban resilience. Urgent action is needed to address these issues. The paper aims to (i) broaden the debate on urban resilience and the SDGs and (ii) examine how the interconnection of Urban Spatial Resilience (USR) and the SDGs can contribute to sustainable cities and communities. The research is developed through a literature review and a bibliometric analysis, followed by a quantitative approach using modeling and simulation. The results reveal three critical elements that can impact urban resilience and sustainable development: SDG11, urban spatial structure resilience, and urban spatial form resilience. Other findings indicate that SDG13 and SDG6 have a significant indirect relationship with urban resilience. The study provides policy implications supporting urban resilience and the SDGs.
Is rewilding too wild? Assessing the benefits and challenges of forest succession on abandoned land in the mid‐hills of Nepal
Authors: McGunnigle Nicola , Bardsley Douglas , Nuberg Ian , Pandit Bishnu Hari 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The rewilding of landscapes through the promotion of natural ecological processes is a contemporary approach to nature restoration and conservation. In Nepal and elsewhere globally, forest is also regenerating naturally on abandoned agricultural land, effectively rewilding the landscape by default. We investigate factors that lead to reforestation and examine tensions and trade‐offs in rural areas traditionally dependent on agriculture for subsistence livelihoods.

Perceptions of forest succession in the middle hills of Nepal are analysed in relation to views of rewilding. We examine rural households' experiences of naturally regenerating forest and compare those insights with perceptions of the concept of rewilding as understood by environmental management professionals in Nepal. We assess the perceived benefits of regenerating species and the challenges to acquiring these benefits for forest‐based livelihoods.

The causes of agrarian‐forest transitions are complex and often compounding. With out‐migration from rural areas and a shift away from subsistence agriculture, new and cyclic conflicts are emerging. Although the processes of rewilding and regenerating forest are largely synonymous, language such as ‘wild’ and ‘wilderness’ is associated with negative experiences of human–wildlife conflict and invasive species, suggesting the term ‘rewilding’ poses more challenges with regard to forest transitions than ‘regenerating forest’. However, research participants identified beneficial livelihood and conservation opportunities from regenerating forest species and emphasised the potential for co‐existence of emerging forests within traditional agricultural landscapes. The epistemology is therefore vital for framing conceptions of forest transitions.

Guiding stakeholders to identify and develop opportunities for regenerating forests during transitions is possible. Diverse livelihood benefits were recognised by rural households in the study area, with some respondents adopting agroforestry systems using regenerating species.

Policy implications: Policy development around land use change needs to realise that multiple issues lead to and arise from agrarian‐forest transitions. Regenerating forests could contribute to global biodiversity targets through development pathways promoting the emerging biota that also contribute to livelihood benefits. Steps to work with, rather than against, the causes and effects of natural regeneration could deliver positive outcomes for sustainable livelihoods and biodiversity conservation in Nepal and beyond.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
In the Best Interest of Children? Unpacking the Dynamics of Parental Migration and Children's Life Satisfaction in Urban Northeast China
Authors: Wang Shuai 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAs China's urbanisation approaches saturation, the dynamics of migration have shifted from rural out‐migration to urban out‐migration. This shift has rendered children of migrants remaining in urban China understudied. By comparing children of migrants and children of non‐migrants in an urban border setting—Hunchun City, Northeast China, this study examines the association between parental migration and children's life satisfaction through various potential mediating indicators within two dimensions: parents' (a) material support and (b) emotional support. This study employs a mixed‐methods approach, conducting an original data set with children (N = 639) and in‐depth interviews with children, parents, grandparents and schoolteachers (N = 41). The findings reveal that across different types of parental migration (father‐only, mother‐only, both‐parent migration), children with both parents migrating have significantly lower life satisfaction than children of non‐migrants, while parents' emotional support mediates significantly more than the material support. It further suggests that children with both parents migrating develop a defensive stance toward their needs as a response to their parents' absence. Specifically, they exhibit resistance to seeking parental assistance when needed, raising critical questions regarding children's resilience and highlighting the complex interplay between family dynamics and children's subjective well‐being in the context of parental migration.
Proposal for a Bose–Einstein Condensate Based Test of Born's Rule Using Light–Pulse Atom Interferometry
Authors: Kanthak Simon , Pahl Julia , Reiche Daniel , Krutzik Markus 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLight‐pulse atom interferometry with ultra‐cold quantum gases is proposed and numerically benchmarked as a platform to test the modulo‐square hypothesis of Born's rule. The interferometric protocol is based on a combination of double Bragg and single Raman diffraction to induce multipath interference in Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) and block selected interferometer paths, respectively. In contrast to previous tests employing macroscopic material slits and blocking masks, optical diffraction lattices provide a high degree of control and avoid possible systematic errors like geometrical inaccuracies from manufacturing processes. In addition, sub‐recoil expansion rates of delta‐kick collimated BECs allow to prepare, distinguish and selectively address the external momentum states of the atoms. This further displays in close‐to‐unity diffraction fidelities favorable for both high‐contrast interferometry and high extinction of the blocking masks. In return, non‐linear phase shifts caused by repulsive atom‐atom interactions need to be taken into account, which we fully reflect in our numerical simulations of the multipath interferometer. Assuming that the modulo‐square rule holds, the impact of experimental uncertainties is examined in accordance with conventional BEC interferometer to provide an upper bound of on the statistical deviation of iterations for a hypothetical third‐order interference term.