bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Method for online matching of multiple identical targets using local homography matrix based on moving DLT
Authors: Wang Yue , Rui Jing , Zhang Xuefeng , Wang Xiangjun , Wu Xuangou 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the field of geometric measurement of stereo vision, problems such as interference sources and similarity of target characteristics increase the difficulty of the matching of multiple identical targets. An online matching method for multiple identical targets using local homography matrix based on moving direct linear transform is presented in this paper. Firstly, the matching feature point pairs between left and right background images are obtained in advance. Secondly, the left background image is evenly divided into multiple rectangular meshes, and the local homography matrix of each rectangular mesh is calculated offline. Thirdly, the mapping point of each target is estimated online by the local homography matrix corresponding to the rectangular mesh where the target is located, and the target point with the closest Euclidean distance to the mapping point is considered as the matching point. Computer simulation and quality experimental data proves effectiveness of the proposed method. Experimental results reflect that our method is better than existing matching methods based on Delaunay triangulation, and the root mean square error of image coordinates between the mapping points from our method and the actual matching points is less than 13 pixels when entire image size is 1920 pixels × 1200 pixels.
Abnormal data detection for industrial processes using adversarial autoencoders support vector data description
Authors: Qiu Kepeng , Song Weihong , Wang Peng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Abnormal data detection for industrial processes is essential in industrial process monitoring and is an important technology to ensure production safety. However, for most industrial processes, it is a challenge to establish an effective abnormal data detection model due to the following issues: (a) weak model performance due to the small amount of process data; (b) trade-offs between model sparsity and accuracy; and (c) weak generalization ability of abnormal data detection model. To address these issues, a method based on adversarial autoencoders support vector data description (AAESVDD) is presented in this work. First, a novel construction strategy is designed for a hybrid feature dataset based on the adversarial autoencoder (AAE). The hybrid feature dataset utilizes the latent feature and reconstruction residual extracted by the AAE to enhance the feature diversity of the process data. Then, combining the support vector data description (SVDD) and Bayesian optimization algorithm (BOA), an automatic detection model for abnormal data of the hybrid feature dataset is established. Meanwhile, a BOA objective function based on the criterion of the hybrid risk minimization is proposed to automatically optimize the model parameters, which further enhances the generalization ability of the SVDD-based model. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed AAESVDD method is illustrated with the UCI benchmark datasets and an industrial penicillin fermentation process.
Experimental determination of k

Q
factors for two types of ionization chambers in scanned proton beams
Authors: Medin Joakim , Andreo Pedro , Palmans Hugo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objective. Experimental determination of beam quality k

Q
factors for two types of Farmer ionization chambers, NE2571 and IBA FC65-G, in a scanned proton beam for three nominal energies (140 MeV, 180 MeV and 220 MeV) based on water calorimetry. Approach. Beam quality correction factors were determined comparing the results obtained with water calorimetry and ionometry. Water calorimetry was performed to determine the absorbed dose at a depth of measurement in water of 5 g cm−2, limited by the extension of the calorimeter glass vessel used. For the ionometry, two chambers of each type were included in the study. The ionization chambers were calibrated in terms of absorbed dose to water in 60Co at the Swedish Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory, directly traceable to the BIPM, and were used according to the IAEA TRS-398 Code of Practice. Main results. The k

Q
values determined in the present work have been compared with the values tabulated in TRS-398 and its forthcoming update and also with those obtained in previous water calorimetric measurements and Monte Carlo calculations. All results were found to agree within the combined uncertainties of the different data. Significance. It is expected that the present work will serve as an experimental contribution to k

Q
-factors for the two chamber types and three scanned proton beam qualities used.
A half-wave superconducting transformer-rectifier flux pump using J
c(B) switches
Authors: Leuw Bradley , Geng Jianzhao , Rice James H P , Moseley Dominic A , Badcock Rodney A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
High temperature superconducting (HTS) flux pumps can generate ultra-high currents (>1 kA) without the requirement for thermally inefficient room temperature current leads. Ultra-high currents enable physically smaller magnets with significantly less inductance unlocking new design opportunities. However, limited by intrinsically low electrical power efficiencies, existing HTS flux pumps cannot output high voltage or high power. In this work, we design, devise, and experimentally verify a transformer–rectifier type HTS flux pump using Jc(B) switching. We show that the rectification can be achieved by exploiting the HTS E-J relation with the application of DC magnetic fields. A quasi-persistent current of 54.5 A has been achieved at 77 K only limited by the load coil critical current. In addition, the electrical power efficiencies of both half-wave and full-wave flux pump are derived. We illustrate that the fundamental J
c(B) mechanism provides significantly higher efficiency than existing HTS flux pumps. This advancement will overthrow the common knowledge that HTS flux pumps could only be used for maintaining rather than fast ramping magnetic fields.
Gravitational waves of the QCD phase transition in a 5D soft wall model with Gauss-Bonnet correction
Authors: Rezapour S , Bitaghsir Fadafan K , Ahmadvand M 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we study the gravitational wave energy density spectrum of cosmological de/confinement phase transition at finite baryon chemical potential within a soft wall model of AdS/QCD with Gauss-Bonnet correction. Focusing on the approach of dilaton/radion dominance approximation, we find the dual bounce action and the duration of the phase transition at the nucleation temperature. We also consider the possibility of a supercooling period during the transition, obtain the quantities characterizing the gravitational wave spectrum through this approach, and discuss the detectability prospect of generated gravitational wave signals by gravitational wave experiments.
A test of galaxy cluster fundamental plane for the X-COP sample
Authors: Pradyumna S. , Desai Shantanu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We test the galaxy cluster fundamental plane using the X-COP sample of 12 clusters. The fundamental plane is given by the relation TX ∝ Ms
α rs
β, where TX, Ms, and rs correspond to the gas temperature, NFW halo mass, and scale radius, respectively. We did this analysis using two different temperatures: the error-weighted temperature in (50–500)h-1 kpc as well as the mass-weighted temperature in the same range.
With both these temperatures, we find a very tight fundamental plane with dispersion of about 0.02 dex. The best-fit values for α and β are in-between those expected from virial equilibrium and self-similarity solution for secondary infall and collapse, with α being closer to the virial expectation.
Our best-fit values are also consistent with a recent re-analyses of the fundamental plane for the CLASH sample, after excluding the hottest clusters.
The simulation of ELM suppression by ion cyclotron resonance heating in EAST using BOUT++
Authors: Li Y.L. , Xia T.Y. , Zou X.L. , Zhang X.J. , Zhou C. , Mao S.F. , Gui B. , Huang Y.Q. , Hu G.H. , Ye M.Y. , the EAST Team  
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Edge localized modes (ELMs) are completely suppressed by ion cyclotron resonant heating (ICRH) during H-mode discharge, which is first observed in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). The electromagnetic turbulence model in the BOUT++ framework is applied to the simulations, with the aim of obtaining the key physics mechanisms of ELM suppression by ICRH. The simulations, for the EAST experiment with no ELMs after ICRH, reveal that the radio frequency (RF) sheath plays a key role in the suppression of ELMs. The simulation results show that: (a) using the flow-balanced electric field, the ELM sizes are about 3.4% before ICRH, and 2.1% after ICRH. Although the smaller ELM is obtained with ICRH, it still belongs to relatively large ELMs; (b) instead of the flow-balance condition, the radial electric field E
r is calculated using the RF sheath model, and the ELM size is about 0.36% with ICRH, much closer to the small/no ELM regime. After considering the effect of ICRH, the larger E × B shear rate in the pedestal and scrape-off layer induced by the RF sheath reduces the linear growth rate, and enhances the nonlinear mode coupling. Furthermore, we find that there is an effective range of the sheath potential, in which the ELM can be well suppressed, but beyond this range the ELM may be only mitigated rather than suppressed. This can reasonably explain why the probability of ELM suppression by ICRH appearing in the experiments is low.
Accounting for local temperature effect substantially alters afforestation patterns
Authors: Windisch Michael Gregory , Humpenöder Florian , Lejeune Quentin , Schleussner Carl-Friedrich , Lotze-Campen Hermann , Popp Alexander 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Human intervention in forested ecosystems is hoped to perform a fundamental shift within the next decade by reverting current forest loss—a major source of CO2 emissions—to net forest gain taking up carbon and thus aiding climate change mitigation. The demanded extensive establishment of forests will change the local surface energy fluxes, and with it the local climate, in addition to competing with food and fiber production for land and water. Scenario building models encompass this competition for resources but have turned a blind eye to the biogeophysical (BGP) local surface energy flux disturbance so far. We combine the benefit of CO2 sequestration of afforestation/reforestation (A/R) with the additional incentive or penalty of local BGP induced cooling or warming by translating the local BGP induced temperature change to a CO2 equivalent. We then include this new aspect in the land-use model Model for Agricultural Production and their Impact on the Environment (MAgPIE) via modifying the application of the price on greenhouse gases (GHGs). This enables us to use MAgPIE to produce A/R scenarios that are optimized for both their potential CO2 sequestration and the CO2 equivalent local BGP effect, as well as the socio-economic trade-offs of A/R. Here we show that optimal A/R patterns are substantially altered by taking the local BGP effects into account. Considering local cooling benefits of establishing forests triples (+203.4%) the viable global A/R area in 2100 from 116 to 351 Mha under the conditions of the shared socioeconomic pathway 2 (SSP2) scenario driven by the same GHG price. Three quarters (76.0%, +179 Mha) of the additionally forested area is established in tropical climates alone. Therefore, a further neglect of BGP effects in scenario building models undervalues the benefit of tropical forests while simultaneously running the risk of proposing counterproductive measures at high latitudes. However, the induced focus on tropical forestation intensifies the competition with food production where forests contribute most to mitigation. A/R related trade-offs need to be considered alongside their climate benefit to inhibit unintentional harm of mitigation efforts.
Healthcare for older people in Central and South America
Authors: Robledo Luis Miguel GutiéRrez , Cano-GutiéRrez Carlos , Garcia Enrique Vega 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLatin American countries (LAC), with their culturally and ethnically diverse populations, form a region that is difficult to define and to understand. The region’s health systems are deeply fragmented, which poses great challenges to overall equity levels in health. This is also one of the fastest ageing regions in the world, with increasing demands as well for acute and long-term care (LTC). Demographic and epidemiological transitions across the region are heterogeneous. In this context, health systems are in general, largely unprepared to face the challenge of promoting healthy ageing. This unpreparedness has been magnified by the Coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic. Here, we analyse the burden of disease in the older population and identify priorities to improve the care and quality of life for people living in LAC. Besides an adequately prepared workforce, we must remediate disparities and inequities; develop and implement integrated care; achieve patient-centred care and further develop palliative and end-of-life care; simultaneously, we must develop the structure and financing of LTC services and strengthen the role of public health making healthy ageing an essential component.
Investigation of Left Ventricular Strain and Its Morphological Basis During Different Stages of Diastolic and Systolic Dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat
Authors: Fu Liyun , Ruan Qinyun , You Ziling , Huang Huimei , Chen Yupeng , Cheng Sheng , Yan Lei , Cai Huang’e , Chen Yali , Lin Dongmei , Chen Huizhen , Huang Chunyan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Myocardial fibrosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertensive cardiac dysfunction, and myocardial strain could detect early systolic abnormalities when left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is preserved. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of left ventricular multidirectional strain during different stages of heart dysfunction and the possible morphological basis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).

Methods
SHRs and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were randomly divided into cages and observed for 3–25 months. Echocardiographic measurements, LV + dp/dtmax and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), and histological collagen volume fraction (CVF) were observed in all rats.

Results
According to LVEF and LVEDP, SHRs were divided into normal cardiac function group (group A), diastolic dysfunction group (group B1), and systolic dysfunction group (group B2). In group A, myocardial strain and CVF showed no difference compared with the control group. In group B1, global longitudinal strain (GLS) and endocardial longitudinal strain (SL-endo) were lower than those in group A CVF-endo was increased (all P &lt; 0.05). In group B2, global and layer-specific strain decreased significantly, along with the increased CVF-endo and CVF-epi (all P &lt; 0.05). The decrease of GLS and SL-endo was moderately correlated with the increase of CVF-endo. The reduction of LVEF was correlated with the decrease of SC-endo (r = 0.65, P &lt; 0.01).

Conclusions
Pathological myocardial fibrosis associated with hypertension develops from the inner to outer layer of myocardium, which is coincident with the impairment of myocardial deformation, where longitudinal strain is involved firstly and LVEF declines when all directions of strain are reduced.
LongPhase: an ultra-fast chromosome-scale phasing algorithm for small and large variants
Authors: Lin Jyun-Hong , Chen Liang-Chi , Yu Shu-Chi , Huang Yao-Ting 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Long-read phasing has been used for reconstructing diploid genomes, improving variant calling and resolving microbial strains in metagenomics. However, the phasing blocks of existing methods are broken by large Structural Variations (SVs), and the efficiency is unsatisfactory for population-scale phasing.

Results
This article presents a novel algorithm, LongPhase, which can simultaneously phase single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and SVs of a human genome in 10–20 min, 10× faster than the state-of-the-art WhatsHap, HapCUT2 and Margin. In particular, co-phasing SNPs and SVs produces much larger haplotype blocks (N50 = 25 Mbp) than those of existing methods (N50 = 10–15 Mbp). We show that LongPhase combined with Nanopore ultra-long reads is a cost-effective and highly contiguous solution, which can produce between one and 26 blocks per chromosome arm without the need for additional trios, chromosome-conformation and strand-seq data.

Availabilityand implementation
LongPhase is freely available at https://github.com/twolinin/LongPhase/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Functional variant rs2270363 on 16p13.3 confers schizophrenia risk by regulating NMRAL1
Authors: Wang Junyang , Li Shiwu , Li Xiaoyan , Liu Jiewei , Yang Jinfeng , Li Yifan , Li Wenqiang , Yang Yongfeng , Li Jiao , Chen Rui , Li Kaiqin , Huang Di , Liu Yixing , Lv Luxian , Li Ming , Xiao Xiao , Luo Xiong Jian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies have reported multiple schizophrenia risk loci, yet the functional variants and their roles in schizophrenia remain to be characterized. Here we identify a functional single nucleotide polymorphism (rs2270363: G&gt;A) at the schizophrenia risk locus 16p13.3. rs2270363 lies in the E-box element of the promoter of NMRAL1 and disrupts binding of the basic helix–loop–helix leucine zipper family proteins, including USF1, MAX and MXI1.
We validated the regulatory effects of rs2270363 using reporter gene assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Besides, expression quantitative trait loci analysis showed that the risk allele (A) of rs2270363 was significantly associated with elevated NMRAL1 expression in the human brain. Transcription factors knockdown and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated editing further confirmed the regulatory effects of the genomic region containing rs2270363 on NMRAL1. Intriguingly, NMRAL1 was significantly downregulated in the brain of schizophrenia patients compared with healthy subjects, and knockdown of Nmral1 expression affected proliferation and differentiation of mouse neural stem cells, as well as genes and pathways associated with brain development and synaptic transmission. Of note, Nmral1 knockdown resulted in significant decrease of dendritic spine density, revealing the potential pathophysiological mechanisms of NMRAL1 in schizophrenia. Finally, we independently confirmed the association between rs2270363 and schizophrenia in the Chinese population and found that the risk allele of rs2270363 was the same in European and Chinese populations.
These lines of evidence suggest that rs2270363 may confer schizophrenia risk by regulating NMRAL1, a gene whose expression dysregulation might be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia by affecting neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity.
Establishing gene regulatory networks from Parkinson’s disease risk loci
Authors: Farrow Sophie L , Schierding William , Gokuladhas Sreemol , Golovina Evgeniia , Fadason Tayaza , Cooper Antony A , O’Sullivan Justin M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The latest meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identified 90 independent variants across 78 genomic regions associated with Parkinson’s disease, yet the mechanisms by which these variants influence the development of the disease remains largely elusive.
To establish the functional gene regulatory networks associated with Parkinson’s disease risk variants, we utilized an approach combining spatial (chromosomal conformation capture) and functional (expression quantitative trait loci) data.
We identified 518 genes subject to regulation by 76 Parkinson’s variants across 49 tissues, whicih encompass 36 peripheral and 13 CNS tissues. Notably, one-third of these genes were regulated via trans-acting mechanisms (distal; risk locus-gene separated by &gt;1 Mb, or on different chromosomes). Of particular interest is the identification of a novel trans-expression quantitative trait loci–gene connection between rs10847864 and SYNJ1 in the adult brain cortex, highlighting a convergence between familial studies and Parkinson’s disease genome-wide association studies loci for SYNJ1 (PARK20) for the first time. Furthermore, we identified 16 neurodevelopment-specific expression quantitative trait loci–gene regulatory connections within the foetal cortex, consistent with hypotheses suggesting a neurodevelopmental involvement in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Through utilizing Louvain clustering we extracted nine significant and highly intraconnected clusters within the entire gene regulatory network. The nine clusters are enriched for specific biological processes and pathways, some of which have not previously been associated with Parkinson’s disease.
Together, our results not only contribute to an overall understanding of the mechanisms and impact of specific combinations of Parkinson’s disease variants, but also highlight the potential impact gene regulatory networks may have when elucidating aetiological subtypes of Parkinson’s disease.
Stem cell-derived sensory neurons modelling inherited erythromelalgia: normalization of excitability
Authors: Alsaloum Matthew , Labau Julie I R , Liu Shujun , Effraim Philip R , Waxman Stephen G 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEffective treatment of pain remains an unmet healthcare need that requires new and effective therapeutic approaches. NaV1.7 has been genetically and functionally validated as a mediator of pain. Preclinical studies of NaV1.7-selective blockers have shown limited success and translation to clinical studies has been limited. The degree of NaV1.7 channel blockade necessary to attenuate neuronal excitability and ameliorate pain is an unanswered question important for drug discovery. Here, we utilize dynamic clamp electrophysiology and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived sensory neurons (iPSC-SNs) to answer this question for inherited erythromelalgia, a pain disorder caused by gain-of-function mutations in Nav1.7. We show that dynamic clamp can produce hyperexcitability in iPSC-SNs associated with two different inherited erythromelalgia mutations, NaV1.7-S241T and NaV1.7-I848T. We further show that blockade of approximately 50% of NaV1.7 currents can reverse neuronal hyperexcitability to baseline levels.