bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of Complex Wide Neck Intracranial Aneurysm
Authors: Elganam Amin Yasin , Mounayer Charbel , Ganna Ahmad Atef , Shadad Mohamed , Amer Mohamed Amer , Eldin Ali Seif 
Published: June 2022

Background: About 5 % of the population has intracranial aneurysms, however the majority are asymptomatic and never discovered. Subarachnoid haemorrhage, the most frequent manifestation of aneurysm rupture, is a devastating medical disorder that frequently results in severe neurological impairment or death. The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of our procedures including microsurgical and endovascular techniques used for the management of complex wide neck intracranial aneurysms.
Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 50 patients with complex wide neck intra cranial aneurysms. All patients were subjected to neuroimaging (CT Brain, MRI brain, MRV, CT brain angiography and diagnostic angiography) and laboratory investigations (CBC, liver and kidney functions and complete coagulation profile).
Results: Remodelling technique was the most common technique used for ruptured aneurysms (14 %) followed by clipping (6%). Regarding 3months follow up, the group who had ruptured aneurysm had lower incidence of occlusion and higher incidence of recanalization. The relationship between technique used and outcome (mRS grade) was significant being better with Coilin + balloon technique followed by flow diversion then Coiling+ stent.
Conclusions: Endovascular techniques are better to deal with the complex anatomy of intracranial aneurysms. In case of ruptured aneurysm, the earlier the treatment, the better the outcome by preventing the hazards of rebleeding and safe management of vasospasm. CT Brain Angiography with 3D reconstruction proved to be a fast and reliable method for diagnosis and preoperative planning for cerebral aneurysms.
The Expression of E-cadherin & HER2 in Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: El-Mihy Dina Said , Hasby Eiman Adel , Noseir Azima Gamal El-Deen , Amer Basma Saed 
Published: June 2022

Background and Aim: Cell adhesion molecules (often referred to as cadherins) are glycoproteins found in the cell membrane. They regulate biological processes such as cell migration, differentiation, proliferation, and death (apoptosis). Her-2 is a proto-oncogene that belongs to the EGFR protein family. In cellular processes such as cell growth, regulates cellular activities such as proliferation, differentiation, and survival. This study aimed to determine the expression of E-cadherin and HER2 in the available histologic subtypes and evaluate if there is a correlation between E-cadherin and HER2 immunohistochemical expression in gastric carcinoma.
Subjects & Methods: A total of 50 cases of stomach cancer were included in this study, all of which were obtained retrospectively between January 2017 and January 2020 from the Pathology Department, Tanta University, Egypt and Tanta Cancer Center archives. The samples were obtained from gastroplastectomy specimens then stained using the immunostaining approach described as follows: Deparaffinization and rehydration followed by using 3-hydroxy-4-napthylbenzaldehyde (3-OH-4-NHB) as a starting material then a smorgasbord of antigens then exposing to primary antibodies then exposing to a secondary biotinylated antibody, after that identifying of enzymes using streptavidin-labeled enzymes then preparing a color working reagent and last complexity in the development of color.
Results: E-cadherin was statistically significantly high in tumors exhibiting aggressive clinicopathologic characteristics specifically in males, all histopathologic variants (except for poorly differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma and signet ring carcinoma), N stages, M stages, higher in absent vascular invasion cases but lower in present cases and the same with perineural invasion cases. Tumor site had no significant impact on the levels of E-cadherin. HER2 showed statistically insignificant correlations with all factors. E-cadherin and HER2 expression showed statistically insignificant relationship.
Conclusion: Elevated E-cadherin expression is associated with tumors that exhibit aggressive clinicopathologic characteristics. HER2 was expressed positively in low-grade variants, but no correlation was established with clinical characteristics. E-cadherin and HER2 expression have no discernible relationship.
Influence of Guidance and Counselling on Choice of Careers in Home Science Education Programme in Kenyan Universities
Authors: Chelagat Abigael , Wanami Simon , Sempele Catherine 
Published: June 2022

Aims: This study sought to establish the extent of influence of guidance and counselling on choice of Home Science education programme in universities.
Study design: This study adopted the Convergent Parallel mixed method design employing both quantitative and qualitative approaches at the same time.
Place and Duration of Study: University of Eldoret and Kenyatta University, Kenya, between October 2020 and October 2021.
Methodology: Purposive sampling was used to select the two Universities where Two (2) Heads of Department were purposively selected and 254 students were conveniently selected and took part in this study.
Results: This study established that guidance and counselling played a key role in choice of Home Science education programme. Majority of the respondents were aware of the many career opportunities in the field and the availability of career information resources. Home science teachers were the key persons offering guidance and counselling. A small number of respondents revealed that they did not benefit because the schools they had attended did not offer guidance and counselling services.
Conclusion: Guidance and counselling offered to students played a key role and this made them choose Home Science Education programme at the University.
Excellent Long‐Range Charge‐Carrier Mobility in 2D Perovskites
Authors: Kober‐Czerny Manuel , Motti Silvia Genaro , Holzhey Philippe , Wenger Bernard , Lim Jongchul , Herz Laura Maria , Snaith Henry James 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe use of layered, 2D perovskites can improve the stability of metal halide perovskite thin films and devices. However, the charge carrier transport properties in layered perovskites are still not fully understood. Here, the sum of the electron and hole mobilities (Σμ) in thin films of the 2D perovskite PEA2PbI4, through transient electronically contacted nanosecond‐to‐millisecond photoconductivity measurements, which are sensitive to long‐time, long‐range (micrometer length scale) transport processes is investigated. After careful analysis, accounting for both early‐time recombination and the evolution of the exciton‐to‐free‐carrier population, a long‐range mobility of 8.0 +/− 0.6 cm2 (V s)–1, which is ten times greater than the long‐range mobility of a comparable 3D material FA0.9Cs0.1PbI3 is determined. These values are compared to ultra‐fast transient time‐resolved THz photoconductivity measurements, which are sensitive to early‐time, shorter‐range (tens of nm length scale) mobilities. Mobilities of 8 and 45 cm2 (V s)–1 in the case of the PEA2PbI4 and FA0.9Cs0.1PbI3, respectively, are obtained. This previously unreported concurrence between the long‐range and short‐range mobility in a 2D material indicates that the polycrystalline thin films already have single‐crystal‐like qualities. Hence, their fundamental charge carrier transport properties should aid device performance.
An Integrated Computational–Experimental Hierarchical Approach for the Rational Design of an IL/UiO‐66 Composite Offering Infinite CO2 Selectivity
Authors: Zeeshan Muhammad , Gulbalkan Hasan Can , Durak Ozce , Haslak Zeynep Pinar , Unal Ugur , Keskin Seda , Uzun Alper 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOwing to the possibility of generating theoretically unlimited numbers of ionic liquid (IL)–metal‐organic framework (MOF) combinations, experimental studies on IL/MOF composites for gas separation applications are mostly conducted on a trial‐and‐error basis. To address this problem, an integrated computational–experimental hierarchical approach is presented for selecting the best IL‐MOF combination for a target gas separation application. For this purpose, UiO‐66 and pyrrolidinium‐based ILs are chosen as the parent MOF and IL family, respectively, and three powerful computational tools, Conductor‐like Screening Model for Realistic Solvents calculations, density functional theory calculations, and grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations, are integrated to identify the most promising IL‐UiO‐66 combination as 1‐n‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium dicyanamide/UiO‐66, [BMPyrr][DCA]/UiO‐66. Then, this composite is synthesized, characterized in deep detail, and tested for CO2/N2, CO2/CH4, and CH4/N2 separations. Results demonstrate that [BMPyrr][DCA]/UiO‐66 offers an extraordinary gas separation performance, with practically infinite CO2 and CH4 selectivities over N2 at 15 °C and at low pressures. The integrated hierarchical approach proposed in this work paves the way for the rational design and development of novel IL/MOF composites offering exceptional performance for any desired gas separation application.
An All‐Nanofiber‐Based Substrate‐Less, Extremely Conformal, and Breathable Organic Field Effect Transistor for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Gwon Gihyeok , Choi Hyeokjoo , Bae Jihoon , Zulkifli Nora Asyikin Binti , Jeong Wooseong , Yoo Seungsun , Hyun Dong Choon , Lee Sungwon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNanofiber‐based electronic devices have attracted considerable interest owing to their conformal integration on complicated surfaces, flexibility, and sweat permeability. However, building complicated electronics on nanomesh structure has not been successful because of their inferior mechanical properties and processability. This limits their practical application. To achieve system‐level device applications, organic field‐effect transistors are one of the key components to be integrated with various sensors. Herein, a successful method for fabricating a biocompatible, ultrathin (≈1.5 µm), lightweight (1.85 g m–2), and mechanically durable all‐nanofiber‐based organic transistor is reported that can be in conformal contact with curved skin. Furthermore, it is the first development with a substrate‐less nanomesh organic field effect transistor. The devices exhibit satisfactory electrical performance, including an on/off value of 3.02 × 104 ± 0.9 × 104, saturation mobility of 0.05 ± 0.02 cm2 V− 1 s− 1, subthreshold slope of 1.7 ± 0.2 V dec–1, and threshold voltage of −6 ± 0.5 V. The mechanism of crack initiation is analyzed, via simulation, to understand the deformation of the nanomesh transistors. Furthermore, active matrix integrated tactile sensors entirely on the nanomeshes is successfully demonstrated, indicating their potential applicability in the field of biomedical electronics.
On‐Demand Chemomagnetic Modulation of Striatal Neurons Facilitated by Hybrid Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Guntnur Rohini Thevi , Muzzio Nicolas , Gomez Amanda , Macias Sean , Galindo Arturo , Ponce Arturo , Romero Gabriela 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMinimally invasive manipulation of cell signaling is critical in basic neuroscience research and in developing therapies for neurological disorders. Here, a wireless chemomagnetic neuromodulation platform for the on‐demand control of primary striatal neurons that relies on nanoscale heating events is described. Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are functionally coated with thermoresponsive poly (oligo (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA) brushes loaded with dopamine. Dopamine loaded MNPs‐POEGMA are co‐cultured with primary striatal neurons. When alternating magnetic fields (AMF) are applied, MNPs undergo hysteresis power loss and dissipate heat. The local heat produced by MNPs initiates a thermodynamic phase transition on POEGMA brushes resulting in polymer collapse and dopamine release. AMF‐triggered dopamine release enhances the response of dopamine ion channels expressed on the cell membranes enhancing the activity ≈50% of striatal neurons subjected to the treatment. Chemomagnetic actuation on dopamine receptors is confirmed by blocking D1 and D2 receptors. The reversible thermodynamic phase transition of POEGMA brushes allow the on‐demand release of dopamine in multiple microdoses. AMF‐triggered dopamine release from MNPs‐POEGMA causes neither cell cytotoxicity nor promotes cell reactive oxygen species production. This research represents a fundamental step forward for the chemomagnetic control of neural activity using hybrid magnetic nanomaterials with tailored physical properties.
Planar‐/Curvilinear‐Bioprinted Tri‐Cell‐Laden Hydrogel for Healing Irregular Chronic Wounds
Authors: Wu Shin‐Da , Dai Niann‐Tzyy , Liao Chao‐Yaug , Kang Lan‐Ya , Tseng Yu‐Wen , Hsu Shan‐hui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractChronic cutaneous wounds from tissue trauma or extensive burns can impair skin barrier function and cause severe infection. Fabrication of a customizable tissue‐engineered skin is a promising strategy for regeneration of uneven wounds. Herein, a planar‐/curvilinear‐bioprintable hydrogel is developed to produce tissue‐engineered skin and evaluated in rat models of chronic and irregular wounds. The hydrogel is composed of biodegradable polyurethane (PU) and gelatin. The hydrogel laden with cells displays good 3D printability and structure stability. The circular wounds of normal and diabetes mellitus (DM) rats treated with planar‐printed tri‐cell‐laden (fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs)) hydrogel demonstrate full reepithelization and dermal repair as well as large amounts of neovascularization and collagen production after 28 days. Furthermore, the curvilinear module is fabricated based on the corresponding wound topography for curvilinear‐bioprinting of the irregular tissue‐engineered skin. The large and irregular rat skin wounds treated with curvilinear‐printed tri‐cell‐laden hydrogel demonstrate full repair after 28 days. This planar‐/curvilinear‐bioprintable tri‐cell‐laden hydrogel shows great potential for customized biofabrication in skin tissue engineering.
Tunable Volatile to Non‐Volatile Resistive Switching in PbZrO3 Antiferroelectric Thin Film for Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Lv Zonglin , Wang Hongwei , Cao Jinpeng , Zhang Chao , Zhao Gaolei , Yu Richeng , Zhang Bo , Xu Xiaoguang , Jiang Yong , Miao Jun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA direct coupling of antiferroelectric (AFE) and resistive switching (RS) is realized for the first time in an oxide heterostructures (non‐tunneling mechanisms). This allows the resistance of the heterostructure to switch between volatile and non‐volatile RS behavior, which indicates a threshold RS and broadly increases its practical applicability. The stacks of Pt/PbZrO3 (PZO)/LaNiO3/SrTiO3 (STO) is fabricated by laser pulse deposition. It exhibits a tunable RS behavior from volatile to nonvolatile through adjusting voltage amplitude. Moreover, a high ON/OFF ratio, good retention, and endurance characteristics are achieved. Furthermore, synaptic behaviors related to neural learning functions in PZO film is explored, that is, long‐term potential/depression, spike timing dependent plasticity, and paired pulse facilitation. This work provides a way to engineer AFE and RS pertinent functionality for the low‐energy‐consumption, non‐volatile neural computing.
Skin Electronics from Biocompatible In Situ Welding Enabled By Intrinsically Sticky Conductors
Authors: Tang Lixue , Yang Shuaijian , Zhang Kuan , Jiang Xingyu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWelding usually involves high temperatures, toxic solvents, or conditions not compatible with human bodies, which severely limit the fusion of electronics and human tissues. To achieve direct welding of electronics on human skin, the intrinsically sticky conductors that can simultaneously achieve metal‐grade electrical conductivity (≈41 7000 S m−1), hydrogel‐grade stretchability (>900% strain), and self‐adhesiveness (1.8 N cm−1) are reported. The sticky conductors composed of gallium indium alloy and acrylate polymer adhesives have a surface‐enriched structure, which can form instant mechanical and electrical connections with different surfaces through gentle pressure without involving conditions that may damage human tissues. Based on the sticky conductors, the in situ welding of electronics on the skin is realized. To demonstrate the feasibility of in situ welding, electronic tattoos are achieved for movement monitoring. Intrinsically sticky electrodes that can resist drying and simultaneously deform with the skin for electrophysiological measurement are also developed.
Elastic Kernmantle E‐Braids for High‐Impact Sports Monitoring
Authors: Wang Wei , Yu Aifang , Wang Yulong , Jia Mengmeng , Guo Pengwen , Ren Lele , Guo Di , Pu Xiong , Wang Zhong Lin , Zhai Junyi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe kernmantle construction, a kind of braiding structure that is characterized by the kern absorbing most of the stress and the mantle protecting the kern, is widely employed in the field of loading and rescue services, but rarely in flexible electronics. Here, a novel kernmantle electronic braid (E‐braid) for high‐impact sports monitoring, is proposed. The as‐fabricated E‐braids not only demonstrate high strength (31 Mpa), customized elasticity, and nice machine washability (>500 washes) but also exhibit excellent electrical stability (>200 000 cycles) during stretching. For demonstration, the E‐braids are mounted to different parts of the trampoline for athletes’ locomotor behavior monitoring. Furthermore, the E‐braids are proved to act as multifarious intelligent sports gear or wearable equipment such as electronic jump rope and respiration monitoring belt. This study expands the kernmantle structure to soft flexible electronics and then accelerates the development of quantitative analysis in modern sports industry and athletes’ healthcare.
HERVs characterize normal and leukemia stem cells and represent a source of shared epitopes for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Alcazer Vincent , Bonaventura Paola , Tonon Laurie , Michel Emilie , Mutez Virginie , Fabres Clémentine , Chuvin Nicolas , Boulos Rasha , Estornes Yann , Maguer‐Satta Véronique , Geistlich Kevin , Viari Alain , Metzeler Klaus H. , Hiddemann Wolfgang , Batch Aarif M. N. , Herold Tobias , Caux Christophe , Depil Stéphane 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHuman endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) represent 8% of the human genome. The expression of HERVs and their immune impact have not been extensively studied in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). In this study, we used a reference of 14 968 HERV functional units to provide a thorough analysis of HERV expression in normal and AML bone marrow cells. We show that the HERV retrotranscriptome accurately characterizes normal and leukemic cell subpopulations, including leukemia stem cells, in line with different epigenetic profiles. We then show that HERV expression delineates AML subtypes with different prognoses. We finally propose a method to select and prioritize CD8+ T cell epitopes derived from AML‐specific HERVs and we show that lymphocytes infiltrating patient bone marrow at diagnosis contain naturally occurring CD8+ T cells against these HERV epitopes. We also provide in vitro data supporting the functionality of HERV‐specific CD8+ T‐cells against AML cells. These results show that HERVs represent an important source of genetic information that can help enhancing disease stratification or biomarker identification and an important reservoir of alternative tumor‐specific T cell epitopes relevant for cancer immunotherapy.
An Adaptive Rhodium Catalyst to Control the Hydrogenation Network of Nitroarenes
Authors: Chugh Vishal , Chatterjee Basujit , Chang Wei‐Chieh , Cramer Hanna H. , Hindemith Carsten , Randel Helena , Weyhermüller Thomas , Farès Christophe , Werlé Christophe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn adaptive catalytic system that provides control over the nitroarene hydrogenation network to prepare a wide range of aniline and hydroxylamine derivatives is presented. This system takes advantage of a delicate interplay between a rhodium(III) center and a Lewis acidic borane introduced in the secondary coordination sphere of the metal. The high chemoselectivity of the catalyst in the presence of various potentially vulnerable functional groups and its readiness to be deployed at a preparative scale illustrate its practicality. Mechanistic studies and density functional theory (DFT) methods were used to shed light on the mode of functioning of the catalyst and elucidate the origin of adaptivity. The competition for interaction with boron between a solvent molecule and a substrate was found crucial for adaptivity. When operating in THF, the reduction network stops at the hydroxylamine platform, whereas the reaction can be directed to the aniline platform in toluene.
New weighting methods when cases are only a subset of events in a nested case‐control study
Authors: Zhou Qian M. , Wang Xuan , Zheng Yingye , Cai Tianxi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNested case control (NCC) is a sampling method widely used for developing and evaluating risk models with expensive biomarkers on large prospective cohort studies. In a typical NCC design, biomarker values are obtained on a subcohort, where cases consist of all the events (subjects who experience the event during the follow‐up). However, when the number of events is not small, due to the cost and limited availability of biospecimen, one may select only a subset of events as cases. We refer to such a variation as the untypical NCC. Unfortunately, existing inverse probability weighted (IPW) estimators for the untypical NCC are biased, and they only focus on relative risk parameters under the proportional hazards (PH) model. In this manuscript, we propose new weighting methods that produce consistent IPW estimators for not only relative risk parameters but also several metrics that evaluate a risk model's predictive performance. We also provide the inference procedure via perturbation resampling, which captures all the variance and between‐subject covariance induced by the sampling processes for both case and control selections. In addition, our methods are not limited to the PH model, and they can be applied to the time‐specific generalized linear model. Under the typical NCC design, our new weights are equivalent to the weight proposed by Samuelsen; under the untypical NCC, the IPW estimators using our weights have smaller bias and variance than the existing methods. We will demonstrate this improved performance via both analytical and numerical investigations.