bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time-series analysis of trends in the incidence rates of successful and attempted suicides in Thailand in 2013–2019 and their predictors
Authors: Arunpongpaisal Suwanna , Assanagkornchai Sawitri , Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi , Jampathong Nattakorn 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSuicide rates are of increasing concern worldwide. There are approximately 4000–5000 deaths by suicide each year in Thailand. This study examined trends in annual incidence rates and predictors of successful and attempted suicides in Thailand (2013–2019).MethodsSecondary data analysis was conducted on data from two national-level databases: The National Health Security Office and the National Death Certification Registry System. Time-related trends and predictors of successful and attempted suicides were calculated using joinpoint regression and multivariable logistic regression analyses, respectively.ResultsOf all successful suicide cases from 2013 to 2019, about 80% involved men, with an average age of 45.37 (± 16.43) years. Predictors of successful suicide included male sex, older age, using highly lethal methods, and no prior psychiatric treatment. Among individuals admitted to hospitals following a suicide attempt from 2013– to 2019, the average age at first admission was 38.83 ± 22.47 years, with women more heavily represented than men. Only 2.3% of these patients received psychiatric treatment in the hospital. Predictors of attempted suicide included female sex; adolescent or adult; and mental, alcohol, or substance-related disorder(s). Age-standardized annual rates per 100,000 people showed that, through 2019, suicide incidence increased slightly, and attempts decreased.ConclusionsThere was a significantly increasing trend in successful suicide during the 7 years; the increase was more notable among men. The study highlights sex-related gaps in public health owing to an identified higher incidence of suicide among men, and a higher incidence of suicide attempts in women adolescents, emphasizing the need to consider sex-sensitive issues in individual as well as societal contexts.
Clinical evaluation of an automated TSI bridge immunoassay in the diagnosis of Graves’ disease and its relationship to the degree of hyperthyroidism
Authors: Liu Tianqi , Zhang Xiuying , Long Li , Zhou Lingli , Chen Jing , Li Meng , Gao Ying , Zhou Xianghai , Han Xueyao , Ji Linong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The rapid and accurate detection of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibodies has always been an urgent need for the clinical diagnosis and management of Graves’ disease (GD). We aimed to evaluate the use of an automated thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) bridge immunoassay in the diagnosis of GD and to analyze the relationship between TSI and the degree of hyperthyroidism.

Methods
A total of 227 new-onset GD patients, 29 Hashimoto thyroiditis, 43 non-autoimmune thyroid diseases and 37 euthyroid controls were consecutively recruited. All participants accepted the measurement of their serum thyroid function and thyroid-associated antibodies, including TSI being measured by an Immulite 2000 bridge immunoassay and TSH receptor autoantibodies (TRAb) being measured by a third-generation Roche electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The quantitative consistency between the TSI and TRAb detection methods was analyzed by using Passing-Bablok regression and Bland–Altman plots. The diagnostic performance for GD was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results
Among 227 GD patients (174 females and 53 males, with a mean age of 39 years), the quantitative TSI was positively correlated with TRAb (r = 0.8099). According to the cut-off values proposed by the manufacturers (TSI: 0.55 IU/L, TRAb: 1.75 IU/L), the positive rates of TSI and TRAb in new-onset GD patients were 96.92% and 95.15%, respectively. Both TSI and TRAb levels positively correlated with FT4 levels (TSI: r = 0.243, TRAb: r = 0.317; all P < 0.001) and FT3 levels (TSI: r = 0.288, TRAb: r = 0.360; all P < 0.001) in new-onset GD patients. The ROC analysis showed that the optimal TSI cut-off value was 0.577 IU/L for GD diagnosis in this Chinese population, with a sensitivity of 96.92% and a specificity of 97.25%, respectively. The optimal TRAb cut-off value of was 1.38 IU/L, with a sensitivity of 96.92% and a specificity of 99.08%. There were no significant differences between the cut-off values obtained through the ROC analysis and those provided by the manufacturer for both TSI and TRAb when calculating their sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing GD. Among the 8 newly diagnosed GD cases with discordant qualitative antibody results, TSI was more likely than TRAb to match the clinical diagnosis of GD (6 TSI-positive vs. 2 TRAb-positive patients).

Conclusion
The automated TSI bridge immunoassay was positively correlated with thyroxine levels in new-onset GD patients and was more likely to be consistent with the clinical diagnosis of GD than with that of TRAb. The positive Immulite 2000 TSI cut-off value of 0.577 IU/L for GD diagnosis in the Chinese population were close to the value recommended by the manufacturer.
Association of glycated hemoglobin with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients and the severity of liver steatosis and fibrosis measured by transient elastography in adults without diabetes
Authors: Xie Yilian , Kong Weiliang , Wang Xuepeng , Wu Zhouxiao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a well-known independent risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, research exploring the association between blood glucose management and the risk of NAFLD status in subjects without diabetes was insufficient. This study aimed to explore the association of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with NAFLD status and the severity of liver steatosis and fibrosis in non-diabetic people.

Methods
A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 2998 non-diabetic American adults using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2018 cycle. We used multivariable logistic regression models to evaluate the association between HbA1c and NAFLD status and the severity of liver steatosis and fibrosis. Interaction and stratified analyses were additionally performed.

Results
The multivariate regression analyses showed that HbA1c was associated independently with NAFLD status in all the models (model1: OR = 2.834, 95%CI: 2.321, 3.461; model 2: OR = 2.900, 95%CI: 2.312, 3.637 and model 3: OR = 1.664, 95%CI: 1.284, 2.156). We further performed the interaction and stratified analyses and discovered a significant interaction between HbA1c and BMI (Pinteraction < 0.05). Finally, a robust link was shown between HbA1c level and the severity of liver steatosis, which was mainly significant in the prediabetes group, while the correlation was not significant in HbA1c level and severity of liver fibrosis after controlling for all the potential confounders.

Conclusions
We concluded that HbA1c level was positively correlated to the risk of developing NAFLD in a large non-diabetic American population. Moreover, HbA1c level was associated with the severity of liver steatosis in subjects with prediabetes, suggesting that routine screening for HbA1c among individuals with prediabetes is necessary.
Genetic evidence for a causal relationship between type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease in both Europeans and East Asians
Authors: Xiu Xuehao , Zhang Haoyang , Xue Angli , Cooper David N. , Yan Li , Yang Yuedong , Yang Yuanhao , Zhao Huiying 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundObservational studies have revealed that type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, whether the two diseases share a genetic basis and whether the relationship is causal remain unclear. It is also unclear as to whether these relationships differ between ethnic groups.MethodsBy leveraging large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of T2D (European-based:Ncase= 21,926,Ncontrol= 342,747; East Asian-based:Ncase= 36,614,Ncontrol= 155,150) and PAD (European-based:Ncase= 5673,Ncontrol= 359,551; East Asian-based:Ncase= 3593,Ncontrol= 208,860), we explored the genetic correlation and putative causal relationship between T2D and PAD in both Europeans and East Asians using linkage disequilibrium score regression and seven Mendelian randomization (MR) models. We also performed multi-trait analysis of GWAS and two gene-based analyses to reveal candidate variants and risk genes involved in the shared genetic basis between T2D and PAD.ResultsWe observed a strong genetic correlation (rg) between T2D and PAD in both Europeans (rg= 0.51;p-value = 9.34 × 10−15) and East Asians (rg= 0.46;p-value = 1.67 × 10−12). The MR analyses provided consistent evidence for a causal effect of T2D on PAD in both ethnicities (odds ratio [OR] = 1.05 to 1.28 for Europeans and 1.15 to 1.27 for East Asians) but not PAD on T2D. This putative causal effect was not influenced by total cholesterol, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, or smoking initiation according to multivariable MR analysis, and the genetic overlap between T2D and PAD was further explored employing an independent European sample through polygenic risk score regression. Multi-trait analysis of GWAS revealed two novel European-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs927742 and rs1734409) associated with the shared genetic basis of T2D and PAD. Gene-based analyses consistently identified one geneANKFY1and gene-gene interactions (e.g.,STARD10[European-specific] toAP3S2[East Asian-specific];KCNJ11[European-specific] toKCNQ1[East Asian-specific]) associated with the trans-ethnic genetic overlap between T2D and PAD, reflecting a common genetic basis for the co-occurrence of T2D and PAD in both Europeans and East Asians.ConclusionsOur study provides the first evidence for a genetically causal effect of T2D on PAD in both Europeans and East Asians. Several candidate variants and risk genes were identified as being associated with this genetic overlap. Our findings emphasize the importance of monitoring PAD status in T2D patients and suggest new genetic biomarkers for screening PAD risk among patients with T2D.
Evaluation of plasma nucleosome concentrations in dogs with a variety of common cancers and in healthy dogs
Authors: Wilson-Robles H. M. , Bygott T. , Kelly T. K. , Miller T. M. , Miller P. , Matsushita M. , Terrell J. , Bougoussa M. , Butera T. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundCell free DNA, in the form of nucleosomes, is released into circulation during apoptosis and necrosis in a variety of diseases. They are small fragments of chromosomes that are composed of DNA wrapped around a histone core made of four duplicate histone proteins forming an octamer. The nucleosome compartment is a relatively uninvestigated area of circulating tumor biomarkers in dogs. The objectives of this study were to quantify and better characterize nucleosome concentrations in 528 dogs with various common malignancies and compare them to 134 healthy dogs.ResultsThe sensitivity of increased circulating nucleosome concentrations for the detection of cancer in all dogs was 49.8% with a specificity of 97% with an area under the curve of 68.74%. The top 4 malignancies detected by the test included lymphoma, hemangiosarcoma, histiocytic sarcoma and malignant melanoma. The malignancies least likely to be detected were soft tissue sarcomas, osteosarcoma and mast cell tumors.ConclusionsA variety of tumor types may cause increased nucleosome concentrations in dogs. Tumors of hematopoietic origin are most likely to cause elevations and local tumors such as soft tissue sarcomas are least likely to cause elevations in plasma nucleosome concentrations.
The effects of epithelial–mesenchymal transitions in COPD induced by cigarette smoke: an update
Authors: Su Xiaoshan , Wu Weijing , Zhu Zhixing , Lin Xiaoping , Zeng Yiming 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCigarette smoke is a complex aerosol containing a large number of compounds with a variety of toxicity and carcinogenicity. Long-term exposure to cigarette smoke significantly increases the risk of a variety of diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a unique biological process, that refers to epithelial cells losing their polarity and transforming into mobile mesenchymal cells, playing a crucial role in organ development, fibrosis, and cancer progression. Numerous recent studies have shown that EMT is an important pathophysiological process involved in airway fibrosis, airway remodeling, and malignant transformation of COPD. In this review, we summarized the effects of cigarette smoke on the development and progression of COPD and focus on the specific changes and underlying mechanisms of EMT in COPD induced by cigarette smoke. We spotlighted the signaling pathways involved in EMT induced by cigarette smoke and summarize the current research and treatment approaches for EMT in COPD, aiming to provide ideas for potential new treatment and research directions.
An ischemia-homing bioengineered nano-scavenger for specifically alleviating multiple pathogeneses in ischemic stroke
Authors: Duan Ranran , Sun Ke , Fang Fang , Wang Ning , He Ruya , Gao Yang , Jing Lijun , Li Yanfei , Gong Zhe , Yao Yaobing , Luan Tingting , Zhang Chaopeng , Zhang Jinwei , Zhao Yi , Xie Haojie , Zhou Yongyan , Teng Junfang , Zhang Jinfeng , Jia Yanjie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundIschemic stroke is one of the most serious global public health problems. However, the performance of current therapeutic regimens is limited due to their poor target specificity, narrow therapeutic time window, and compromised therapeutic effect. To overcome these barriers, we designed an ischemia-homing bioengineered nano-scavenger by camouflaging a catalase (CAT)-loaded self-assembled tannic acid (TA) nanoparticle with a M2-type microglia membrane (TPC@M2 NPs) for ischemic stroke treatment.ResultsThe TPC@M2 NPs can on-demand release TA molecules to chelate excessive Fe2+, while acid-responsively liberating CAT to synergistically scavenge multiple ROS (·OH, ·O2−, and H2O2). Besides, the M2 microglia membrane not only can be served as bioinspired therapeutic agents to repolarize M1 microglia into M2 phenotype but also endows the nano-scavenger with ischemia-homing and BBB-crossing capabilities.ConclusionsThe nano-scavenger for specific clearance of multiple pathogenic elements to alleviate inflammation and protect neurons holds great promise for combating ischemic stroke and other inflammation-related diseases.
Synthesis of doxorubicin-loaded peptosomes hybridized with gold nanorod for targeted drug delivery and CT imaging of metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Hasannia Maliheh , Abnous Khalil , Taghdisi Seyed Mohammad , Nekooei Sirous , Ramezani Mohammad , Alibolandi Mona 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Cancer nanomedicines based on synthetic polypeptides have attracted much attention due to their superior biocompatibility and biodegradability, stimuli responsive capability through secondary conformation change, adjustable functionalities for various cargos such as peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and small therapeutic molecules. Recently, a few nanoformulations based on polypeptides comprising NK105, NC6004, NK911, CT2103, have entered phase I-III clinical trials for advanced solid tumors therapy. In the current study, we prepared polypeptide-based vesicles called peptosome via self-assembly of amphiphilic polypeptide-based PEG-PBLG diblock copolymer.

Results
In this regard, poly(γ-benzyl L-glutamate (PBLG) was synthesized via ring opening polymerization (ROP) of γ-benzyl L-glutamate-N-carboxyanhydride (BLG-NCA) using N-hexylamine as initiator. Then amine-terminated PBLG was covalently conjugated to heterofuctional maleimide PEG-carboxylic acid or methyl-PEG-carboxylic acid. The PEG-PBLG peptosomes were prepared through double emulsion method for the co-delivery of doxorubicin.HCl and gold nanorods as hydrophilic and hydrophobic agents in interior compartment and membrane of peptosomes, respectively (Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX) that DOX encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity were determined 42 ± 3.6 and 1.68 ± 3.6. Then, theranostic peptosomes were decorated with thiol-functionalized EpCAM aptamer throught thiol-maleimide reaction producing Apt-Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX for targeted delivery. The non-targeted and targeted peptosomes showed 165.5 ± 1.1 and 185 ± 4.7 nm diameters, respectively while providing sustained, controlled release of DOX. Furthermore, non-targeted and targeted peptosomes showed considerable serum stability. In vitro study on MCF-7 and 4T1 cells showed significantly higher cytotoxicity for Apt-Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX in comparison with Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX while both system did not show any difference in cytotoxicity against CHO cell line. Furthermore, Apt-Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX illustrated higher cellular uptake toward EpCAM-overexpressing 4T1 cells compared to Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX. In preclinical stage, therapeutic and diagnostic capability of the prepared Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX and Apt-Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX were investigated implementing subcutaneous 4T1 tumor model in BALB/c mice. The obtained data indicated highest therapeutic index for Apt-Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX compared to Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX and free DOX. Moreover, the prepared system showed capability of CT imaging of tumor tissue in 4T1 tumorized mice through tumor accumulation even 24 h post-administration.

Conclusion
In this regard, the synthesized theranostic peptosomes offer innovative hybrid multipurpose platform for fighting against breast cancer.

Graphical Abstract
Colchicine versus cimetidine: the better choice for Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome prophylaxis, and the role of MEFV gene mutations
Authors: Raeeskarami Seyed Reza , Sadeghi Payman , Vahedi Mahdieh , Asna Ashari Kosar , Mousavi T. Mahdieh , Ziaee Vahid 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuring childhood, the most common periodic fever is periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome. The effective treatment and prevention of febrile attacks improve these patients' and their families’ quality of life. However, there is no single strategy or evidence-based guideline to manage this syndrome, and most of them are based on consensus treatment plans.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial was carried out on 67 PFAPA patients referred to three tertiary centers of pediatric rheumatology. The patients were divided into two groups, including group 1 (n = 36) receiving prednisolone plus colchicine and group 2 (n = 31) receiving prednisolone plus cimetidine. Demographic characteristics and the number of febrile episodes were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.ResultsIn both groups, the number of febrile episodes after the treatment decreased (P ≤ 0.001). Statistical Analysis showed no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.88). Moreover, 44 patients from both groups were checked for the MEFV gene. There were no statistical differences between MEFV positive and negative subgroups in response to colchicine (P = 1).ConclusionThis study showed that both drug regimens are significantly effective in preventing febrile attacks in PFAPA syndrome, and the presence of a MEFV gene mutation might not be the only significant risk factor for a response to colchicine.Trial registrationIRCT, IRCT20191222045847N1. Registered 23 October 2019,https://fa.irct.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20191222045847N1
Clinical outcome of bioceramic sealer iRoot SP extrusion in root canal treatment: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Li Jing , Chen Liuchi , Zeng Chunmei , Liu Yiwen , Gong Qimei , Jiang Hongwei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
During the obturation procedure, sealer extrusion occurs in some cases. iRoot SP is a kind of bioceramic sealer with superior physicochemical and biological properties. This article reports the outcome of iRoot SP extrusion in root canal treatment and the potential factors associated with the outcome.

Methods
Ninety-nine patients and one hundred and eighty-five teeth treated between 2014 and 2020 were included in this retrospective study. All of the cases were filled with a single-cone technique and the iRoot SP sealer. The minimum follow-up visit period was 1 year. The outcome was evaluated by clinical examination and radiographic examination at recall and was classified as healed, healing (success), or not healed (failure).

Results
The overall success rate of all teeth was 96.8%. The success rate of adequately filled teeth was 97.3%, while that of iRoot SP extrusion was 95.8%; the difference was not statistically significant. Factors such as gender, age, tooth position, follow-up visit period, size of periapical lesion, treatment type and extruding sealer amount had no influence on the outcome of iRoot SP extruded teeth.

Conclusions
The results suggested that iRoot SP extrusion has no adverse effect on the outcome of root canal treatment, which may contribute to the endodontic treatment.
Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Escherichia coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion to treat degenerative spinal disease: a protocol of prospective, randomized controlled, assessor-blinded, open-label, multicenter trial
Authors: Choi Jun-Young , Park Hyun-Jin , Park Sang-Min , Kang Chang-Nam , Song Kwang-Sup 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) has been widely used as an alternative bone graft in spine fusion surgery. However, clinical outcome such as effects and complications has not yet been revealed for transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF). Although previous studies have reported some results, the evidence is weak. Therefore, the purpose of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Escherichia coli-derived rhBMP-2 combined with hydroxyapatite (HA) in TLIF.

Methods
This trial is designed as a prospective, assessor-blinded, open-label, multicenter, randomized controlled study. Participants will be recruited from six tertiary teaching hospitals. All randomized participants will be undergoing one- or two-level TLIF with rhBMP-2 (77 participants) as the active experimental group or with an auto-iliac bone graft (77 participants) as the control group. The primary interbody fusion rate outcome will be evaluated using computed tomography (CT) 12 months after surgery. The secondary outcomes will be as follows: clinical outcomes (visual analog scale score, EuroQol-5-dimensions-5-level score, Oswestry Disability Index score, and some surgery-related variables) and adverse effects (radiculitis, heterotrophic ossification, endplate resorption, and osteolysis). Radiological outcomes will be evaluated using simple radiography or CT. All outcomes will be measured, collected, and evaluated before surgery and at 12, 24, and 52 weeks postoperatively.

Discussion
This study will be the primary of its kind to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of E. coli-derived rhBMP-2 with HA in one- or two-level TLIF. It is designed to evaluate the equivalence of the results between rhBMP-2 with HA and auto-iliac bone graft using an appropriate sample size, assessor-blinded analyses, and prospective registration to avoid bias. This study will set up clear conclusions for using E. coli-derived rhBMP-2 with HA in TLIF.
Trial registration: This study protocol was registered at Korea Clinical Research Information Service (https://cris.nih.go.kr; number identifier: KCT0005610) on 19 November 2020. And protocol version is v1.1, January 2022.