bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of mechanical changes in the mitral-aortic coaptation in patients with chronic severe aortic valve closure insufficiency
Authors: li 厉学艺 , Maierziya Abudireheman , Guan Lina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective: Analysis of mechanical changes characteristic of the mitral-aortic valve commissure (MAC) in patients with chronic severe aortic valve closure insufficiency (AR) with preserved ejection left ventricular blood fraction. Methods: A total of 40 patients with chronic severe AR and 40 normal individuals were included in this study. MAC parameters, such as angle, velocity, and displacement-related indicators, were estimated. Two-dimensional strain techniques were utilized to acquire Global longitudinal strain (GLS), Global transverse strain (GCS), Global circumferential strain (GRS), Anterolateral papillary muscle strain (ALPMS), Posterior medial papillary muscle strain (PMPMS) and Left ventricular torsion Angle (LV-Twist), Aortic ring torsion Angle (A-Twist), Mitral annulus orsion Angle (M-Twist). Results: MAC displacement and angle were smaller in the AR group than in the control group (P<0.05). GLS, GCS, GRS, ALPMS, PMPMS, LV-Twist, A-Twist, and M-Twist were significantly lower in the AR group than the control group (P<0.05). MAC displacement, angle, and papillary muscle strain were correlated with GLS, and LV-Twist was positively correlated with A-Twist and M-Twist (P<0.05). The ROC curve showed that MAC displacement, angle, A-Twist, and M Twist had good diagnostic efficacy for severe AR. Conclusion: Left ventricular papillary muscle strain and MAC angle, displacement, A-Twist, and M-Twist are reduced in patients with chronic severe AR, and a correlation was established among these and changes in the left ventricular (LV) systolic function and the underlying mechanics.
Lipid-like biofilm from a clinical brain isolate of Aspergillus terreus: quantification, structural characterization and stages of the formation cycle.
Authors: Rayón-López Gerardo , Carapia-Minero Natalee , Medina-Canales María Gabriela , García-Pérez Blanca Estela , Reséndiz-Sánchez Jesús , Pérez Néstor O. , Rodríguez-Tovar Aida Verónica , Granillo Adrián Ramírez 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Invasive infections caused by filamentous fungi have increased considerably due to the alteration of the host's immune response. Recently, Aspergillus terreus is considered an emerging pathogen and has shown resistance to amphotericin B treatment, resulting in high mortality. The development of fungal biofilm is a virulence factor, and it has been described in some cases of invasive aspergillosis. In addition, although the general composition of fungal biofilms is known, findings related to biofilms of a lipid nature are rarely reported. In this study, we present the identification of a clinical strain of A. terreus by microbiological and molecular tools, also its in vitro biofilm development capacity: i) Biofilm formation was quantified by Crystal Violet (CV) and reduction of tetrazolium salts assays (MTT), and simultaneously the stages of biofilm development were described by Scanning Electron Microscopy in High Resolution (SEM-HR). ii) Characterization of the organizational structure of the biofilm was performed by SEM-HR. The hyphal networks developed on the surface, the abundant air channels created between the ECM (extracellular matrix) and the hyphae fused in anastomosis were described. Also, the presence of microhyphae is reported. iii) The chemical composition of the ECM was analyzed by SEM-HR and CLSM (Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy). Proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and a relevant presence of lipid components were identified. Some structures of apparent waxy appearance were highlighted by SEM-HR and backscatter-electron diffraction, for which CLSM was previously performed. To our knowledge, this work is the first description of a lipid-type biofilm in filamentous fungi, specifically of the species A. terreus from a clinical isolate.
Characterization of Porous LaCoO 3 Prepared from Wood Powder Template and Its Catalysis for Diesel Particulate Matter
Authors: Guo Xiurong , Yang Shaochi , Wang Yinghui , Du Danfeng , Qi Zhanfeng , Sun Chaowei , Gao Xiaoyuan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, LaCoO3 porous perovskite was synthesized using wood powder template combined with sol-gel process, while LaCoO3 prepared by traditional sol-gel method was used as a comparison. The catalysts prepared by different methods were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), N2 adsorption-desorption, and the particulate matter (PM) trapping and catalytic oxidation tests were carried out by engine bench test and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The results showed that the porous LaCoO3 successfully replicated the structural features of wood powder from macroscopic to tracheid, forming a porous structure. Porous LaCoO3 exhibits better catalytic activity than powdered LaCoO3 with similar specific surface area, this can be attributed to the porous structure of LaCoO3, which increases the contact area and the number of contact points between PM and catalyst.
Weather anomalies more important than climate means in driving insect phenology
Authors: Guralnick Robert , CAMPBELL LINDSAY , Belitz Michael 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Studies of long-term trends in phenology often rely on climatic averages, overlooking climate variability. Here we test the hypothesis that unusual weather conditions are particularly critical in driving adult insect phenology. First, we generated phenological estimates for Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) across the Eastern USA, and over a 70 year period, using natural history collections data. Next, we assembled a set of key predictors, including the number of unusually warm and cold days prior to, and during, adult flight period. We then used phylogenetically informed linear mixed effects models to evaluate effects of unusual weather events, climate context, species traits, and their interactions on the flight onset, offset and duration. We found increasing numbers of both warm and cold days was the strongest climate driver in our models, dramatically increasing flight duration. This strong effect is driven by differential onset and termination dynamics. For flight onset, impact of unusual climate conditions is dependent on climatic context, but for flight cessation, more unusually cold days always lead to later termination. These results show that understanding phenological responses under global change must account for unusual or anomalous weather events, especially given these events are predicted to increase in frequency and severity.
The effect of soft tissue defect on callus formation in Kunming mice different tibial injury models
Authors: Liu Lingling , Cai Bozhi , Liu Liping , Zhuang Xiaoning , Wu Yanlan , Zhang Jianfa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective: To investigated the highly replicable bone injury model and the effect of soft tissue defect on bone repair. Methods: Fifty 6-week-old female kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, and the 4 groups of them underwent fracture or bone defect surgery on the right tibia with or without tibialis anterior muscle defect respectively. The right injured tibias and heart blood were collected on day 10 after operation for Micro-CT, histological and ELISA analysis respectively. The fifth group was control group，and the cardiac blood was collected at the same time for ELISA.RESULTS: Micro-CT and histological examination indicated that our modelling approach could successfully provide different animal models of open bone injury. Micro-CT showed a significant increase in the ratio of bone volume to tissue volume (BV/TV, %) after soft tissue defect in different bone injury models compared to the soft tissue preserved group. Histomorphometric analysis demonstrated a significant increase in the amount of total bone callus, cartilage callus and fibrous tissue after soft tissue defects, while the amount of hard callus was significantly reduced. Immunohistochemical analysis showed higher levels of CYR61 and VEGFR2 after soft tissue defect. ELISA results revealed no significant difference in IL-1β levels between the soft tissue preserved and soft tissue defect groups. HE staining also confirmed no significant difference in the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration after soft tissue defect.Conclusion: The above models were simple，highly reproducible, and provided reliable animal models for studying the bone healing. We inferred that mechanical stability played an important role in the process of bone healing, and the soft tissue around the injury site mainly provided fixation and protection.
Binding of RAGE (AAs 362-367) and RIPK1 induces cognitive deficit in chronic hyperglycemia-derived neuroinflammation
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyan , Zhu Yandong , Gao Lin , Li Yan , Li Hui , Liu Yan , Hu Ankang , Ying Changjiang , Song Yuanjian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Chronic hyperglycemia-induced inflammation of the hippocampus is an important cause of cognitive deficit in diabetic patients. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), which is widely expressed in the hippocampus of the brain, and is a crucial factor of inflammation and cognitive deficits. However, the precise role of RAGE in neuroinflammation is not fully elucidated. In the present study, we aimed to reveal the underlying mechanism by which RAGE regulates neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of diabetes-induced cognitive impairment.
Methods
We employed db/db mice as type 2 diabetic mouse models for investigating whether receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), which expressed in microglia in the hippocampal region, is a key protein that interacts with RAGE. GST pull-down assay and AutoDock Vina were performed to specify the key structural domain in RAGE that binds to RIPK1. Sophisticated molecular technologies including western blot (WB), co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and immunofuorescence (IF) were applied to detect levels of key protein molecules. Furthermore, cognitive deficit of mice was assessed with Morris water maze (MWM), new object recognition (NOR) and fear conditioning tests.
Results
RAGE binds directly to RIPK1 via its amino acid sequences (AAs) 362–367, thereby upregulating the phosphorylation level of RIPK1, which is accompanied by the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia and ultimately leads to cognitive impairment in db/db mice. RAGE AAs 362–367 was mutated to reverse neuroinflammation and improve cognitive function in the hippocampus, suggesting that RAGE AAs 362–367 is a key structural domain that binds directly to PIPK1, while implying that hyperglycemia-induced inflammation in hippocampus is dependent on direct binding of RAGE and RIPK1.
Conclusions
These findings indicate that direct interaction of RAGE and RIPK1 via AAs 362–367 is an important mechanism for enhanced neuroinflammation in the hyperglycemic environment and is a key node in the development of cognitive deficit in diabetes.
The Effects of Zoledronic Acid Treatment and Endurance Exercise on Ovariectomy-induced Osteopenia in Wistar Rats
Authors: Lin Hsin-Shih , Yang Rong-Sen , Lewis Jack L. , Chang Ming-shi , Hsu Ar-Tyan , Huang Tsang-Hai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: This study investigated the effects of endurance exercise training and zoledronic acid (Zol) treatment on ovariectomy-induced osteopenia. Methods: Middle-aged female Wistar rats were subjected to sham and ovariectomy surgeries and assigned to seven different groups according to Zol treatment doses and treadmill endurance exercise training; these were the Sham, Ovx, LowZ, HighZ, EXE, LowZ+EXE, HighZ+EXE groups. The subcutaneous (s.c.) doses of Zol for the LowZ and HighZ groups were 20 and 100 µg/kg, respectively. Total intervention period was 10 weeks. Results: Both Zol treatment and exercise training significantly blunted ovariectomy-induced osteopenia in spongy bone (p<0.05). Zol treatments increased whole bone bending strength/energy as well as tissue-level toughness (p<0.05). The EXE and LowZ+EXE had higher levels of serum phosphorus as compared to other groups, suggesting higher bone metabolism activity. Additionally, the three exercise groups’ significantly lower serum triglycerides, leptin, IGF-1 and IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio, along with increased IGFBP-3. Conclusions: Though exercise training did not demonstrate significantly synergistic or modifying effects to Zol-treated bone, results from energy, aging and bone related serum measurements indicate that exercise might reveal its benefits in later phases or at lower doses of bisphosphonate.
Heart Disease Prediction System Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: VARKALA KRISHNAIAH 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In computer visualization. Deep learning affords effective outcomes for machine learning complications. Several techniques like minimum distance technique, K-Nearest neighbor algorithm, Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machine, and Artificial Neural Network are used for the purpose of medical data classification. In this paper, heart disease data classification is performed using convolutional neural network. Generally convolutional neural network uses and applied in image data sets, but, in proposed method is used to calculate the accuracy of event for heart disease data sets. The experiments are passed out using heart disease data set of Uel machine learning repository. This trained classifier can classify the given data into either normal or abnormal of heart disease data.
Comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS and associated factors among adolescent girls in Rwanda: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Authors: Kawuki Joseph , Gatasi Ghislaine , Sserwanja Quraish , Mukunya David , Musaba Milton W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Limited comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS is highlighted as one of the major factors linked to the high prevalence of HIV among adolescents and young girls. Thus, it is crucial to identify factors that facilitate or hinder adolescent girls from having comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS. We, therefore, assessed the prevalence of comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS and associated factors among adolescent girls in Rwanda.
Methods
We used secondary data from the Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS) 2020 comprising 3258 adolescent girls (aged 15 to 19 years). Comprehensive knowledge was considered if an adolescent girl answered correctly all the six indicators; always using condoms during sex can reduce the risk of getting HIV, having one sexual partner only who has no other partners can reduce the risk of getting HIV, a healthy-looking person can have HIV, can get HIV from mosquito bites, can get HIV by sharing food with persons who have AIDS, and can get HIV by witchcraft or supernatural means. We, then, conducted multivariable logistic regression to explore the associated factors, using SPSS (version 25).
Results
Of the 3258 adolescent girls, 1746 (53.6%, 95%CI: 52.2–55.6) had comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Secondary education (AOR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.13–3.20), having health insurance (AOR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.12–1.73), owning a mobile phone (AOR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.04–1.52), exposure to television (AOR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.05–1.44), and history of an HIV test (AOR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.07–1.49) had a positive association with comprehensive HIV knowledge. However, residing in Kigali (AOR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.49–0.87) and Northern (AOR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.59–0.95) region, and Anglican religion (AOR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68–0.99) had a negative association.
Conclusions
To increase comprehensive understanding of the disease at a young age, the need for expanded access to HIV preventive education through formal educational curriculum, and mass and social media via mobile phones is highlighted. In addition, the continued involvement of key decision-makers and community actors, such as religious leaders is vital.
CD97 Expression Level and Its Effect on Cell Adhesion in Preeclampsia
Authors: ATIGAN AYHAN , Tan Semih , Çetin Hülya , Güler Ömer Tolga , Özdamar Saim , Karakaya Yeliz Arman 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Cellular interactions and cell adhesion underlie preeclampsia (PE). The aim of the current study is to investigate the role of cell adhesion molecules such as CD97, neural (N)-cadherin, epithelial (E) -cadherin and integrin beta-4 in PE.
Methods
This prospective study included 20 pregnant women with PE and a control group of 16 healthy pregnant women who were matched for age, gestational age, gravida and parity. Standard blood tests and placental cell adhesion molecule immunohistochemical staining were examined.
Results
The creatinine, uric acid and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels from standard blood tests were found to be statistically higher in the PE group (p = 0.002, p = 0.000, p = 0.001; respectively). In the PE group, the CD97 maternal serum level was statistically significantly lower, as was its immunohistochemical expression in placental sections (p = 0.028, p = 0.000; respectively). The E-cadherin expression score was statistically higher in the PE group compared to the control group (3,65 ± 1,84 vs 2,06 ± 1,76 respectively; p = 0.003). The N-cadherin expression score was statistically lower in the PE group compared to the control group (1,50 ± 0,82 vs 2,43 ± 1,59 respectively; p = 0.049). Integrin beta-4 was not statistically different between groups.
Conclusions
Cellular interaction is responsible for PE as in cancer. A balance in intercellular communication, as researched in cancer therapy, may offer the solution in PE.
CD201+ fascia progenitors choreograph injury repair
Authors: Rinkevich Yuval , Correa-Gallegos Donovan , Ye Haifeng , Dasgupta Bikram , Sardogan Aydan , Ichijo Ryo , Strunz Maximilian , Ansari Meshal , Angelidis Ilias , Schiller Herbert , Volz Thomas , Machens Hans-Günther 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Optimal tissue recovery and organismal survival1 are achieved by tight spatiotemporal tuning of tissue inflammation, contraction and scar-formation. Here, we discover a multipotent fibroblast progenitor marked by CD201 expression in the fascia, the deepest connective tissue layer of the skin. Using murine skin injury models, single-cell transcriptomics, and genetic lineage tracing and ablation models, we demonstrate that CD201+ progenitors pace wound healing by generating multiple specialized cell types from proinflammatory fibroblasts to myofibroblasts in a spatiotemporally tuned sequence.
We identify retinoic acid and hypoxia signaling as differentiation checkpoints that control the graduated entry of fascia progenitor into the proinflammatory and myofibroblast states. Modulating their differentiation, with retinoic acid and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha, or genetically ablating this cellular lineage, impaired the graduated appearances of specialized fibroblasts and chronically delayed wound healing. The discovery of fascia progenitors, their microenvironment, and the signaling pathways that control the graduated transitions thereof provides a new roadmap to understand and clinically treat impaired wound healing.
Changes in metabolic rate, excretion, energy reserves, and starvation response of diploid and triploid Salvelinus fontinalis and diploid O. mykiss after long-term exposure to elevated temperature
Authors: Lahnsteiner Franz 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Routine metabolic rate (RMR), faeces composition, quantities of dissolved excretion, and energy reserves were investigated in diploid (2n) and triploid (3n) Salvelinus fontinalis and 2n Oncorhynchus mykiss exposed to 20°C for 32 d in comparison to fish acclimated to 9°C. At 20°C RMR of 2n S. fontinalis decreased with increasing exposure time and after 32 d it did not differ from 9°C. Also in O. mykiss RMR decreased with exposure time but remained 60% higher than at 9°C. In 3n S. fontinalis exposed to 20°C RMR was constantly increased for 120%. For all species/ploidy levels faeces dry weight and phosphorus concentration and quantities of excreted dissolved nitrogen and phosphate did not differ between 9°C and 20°C. Lipid concentration of faeces was decreased at 20°C. With exception of O. mykiss also protein of faeces was decreased at 20°C. In all species/ploidy levels liver glycogen and visceral fat was decreased at 20°C, while liver triglycerides and adenylate energy charge were not affected. In 2n and 3n S. Salvelinus temperature related responses to 5-d starvation were investigated. In 2n S. fontinalis RMR decreased in starving fish in comparison to fed ones at 9°C and increased at 20°C. RMR of 3n S. fontinalis did not change. For both ploidy levels, dissolved excretion was decreased due to starvation at 9°C and 20°C. Visceral fat was decreased due to starving at 9°C, liver glycogen and triglycerides at 20°C. The data are important to manage the impact of increased water temperature on salmonid aquaculture.
Attenuation Correction for PET/MRI to Measure Tracer Activity Surrounding Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Bourdon Caleigh E. , Koudys Zachary J , Lanting Brent A. , Appleton C. Thomas , Thiessen Jonathan D. , Teeter Matthew G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background. Positron emission tomography (PET) in combination with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could allow inflammatory complications near total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to be studied early in their development. However, attenuation of the PET signal by the metal TKA implants imparts substantial error into measurements of tracer activity, and conventional MR-based attenuation correction (AC) methods have large signal voids in the vicinity of metal implants.
Purpose. To evaluate a segmentation-based AC approach to measure tracer uptake from PET/MRI scans near TKA implants.
Methods. A TKA implant (Triathlon, Stryker, Mahwah, USA) was implanted into a cadaver. Four vials were filled with [ 18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose with known activity concentration (4.68 MBq total, 0.76 MBq/mL) and inserted into the knee. Images of the knee were acquired using a 3T PET/MRI system (Biograph mMR, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany). Models of the implant components were registered to the MR data using rigid-body transformations and the other tissue classes were manually segmented. These segments were used to create the segmentation-based map and complete the AC. Percentage error of the resulting measured activities was calculated by comparing the measured and known amounts of activity in each vial.
Results. The original AC resulted in a percentage error of 64.1% from the known total activity. Errors in the individual vial activities ranged from 40.2% to 82.7%. Using the new segmentation-based AC, the percentage error of the total activity decreased to 3.55%. Errors in the individual vials were less than 15%.
Conclusions. The segmentation-based AC technique dramatically reduced the error in activity measurements that result from PET signal attenuation by the metal TKA implant. This approach may be useful to enhance the reliability of PET/MRI measurements for numerous applications.