bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
$$360^{\circ }$$ real-time and power-efficient 3D DAMOT for autonomous driving applications
Authors: Gómez-Huélamo Carlos , Del Egido Javier , Bergasa Luis Miguel , Barea Rafael , López-Guillén Elena , Araluce Javier , Antunes Miguel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAutonomous Driving (AD) promises an efficient, comfortable and safe driving experience. Nevertheless, fatalities involving vehicles equipped with Automated Driving Systems (ADSs) are on the rise, especially those related to the perception module of the vehicle. This paper presents a real-time and power-efficient 3D Multi-Object Detection and Tracking (DAMOT) method proposed for Intelligent Vehicles (IV) applications, allowing the vehicle to track $$360^{\circ }$$

360
∘

surrounding objects as a preliminary stage to perform trajectory forecasting to prevent collisions and anticipate the ego-vehicle to future traffic scenarios. First, we present our DAMOT pipeline based on Fast Encoders for object detection and a combination of a 3D Kalman Filter and Hungarian Algorithm, used for state estimation and data association respectively. We extend our previous work ellaborating a preliminary version of sensor fusion based DAMOT, merging the extracted features by a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) using camera information for long-term re-identification and obstacles retrieved by the 3D object detector. Both pipelines exploit the concepts of lightweight Linux containers using the Docker approach to provide the system with isolation, flexibility and portability, and standard communication in robotics using the Robot Operating System (ROS). Second, both pipelines are validated using the recently proposed KITTI-3DMOT evaluation tool that demonstrates the full strength of 3D localization and tracking of a MOT system. Finally, the most efficient architecture is validated in some interesting traffic scenarios implemented in the CARLA (Car Learning to Act) open-source driving simulator and in our real-world autonomous electric car using the NVIDIA AGX Xavier, an AI embedded system for autonomous machines, studying its performance in a controlled but realistic urban environment with real-time execution (results).
Final results of the Choroid Plexus Tumor study CPT-SIOP-2000
Authors: Wolff Johannes E. , Van Gool Stefaan W. , Kutluk Tezer , Diez Blanca , Kebudi Rejin , Timmermann Beate , Garami Miklos , Sterba Jaroslav , Fuller Gregory N. , Bison Brigitte , Kordes Uwe R. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Standards for chemotherapy against choroid plexus tumors (CPT) have not yet been established.

Methods
CPT-SIOP-2000 (NCT00500890) was an international registry for all CPT nesting a chemotherapy randomization for high-risk CPT with Carboplatin/Etoposide/Vincristine (CarbEV) versus Cyclophosphamide/Etoposide/Vincristine (CycEV). Patients older than three years were recommended to receive irradiation: focal fields for non-metastatic CPC, incompletely resected atypical choroid plexus papilloma (APP) or metastatic choroid plexus papilloma (CPP); craniospinal fields for metastatic CPC/APP and non-responsive CPC. High risk was defined as choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC), incompletely resected APP, and all metastatic CPT. From 2000 until 2010, 158 CPT patients from 23 countries were enrolled.

Results
For randomized CPC, the 5/10 year progression free survival (PFS) of patients on CarbEV (n = 20) were 62%/47%, respectively, compared to 27%/18%, on CycEV (n = 15), (intention-to-treat, HR 2.6, p = 0.032). Within the registry, histological grading was the most influential prognostic factor: for CPP (n = 55) the 5/10 year overall survival (OS) and the event free survival (EFS) probabilities were 100%/97% and 92%/92%, respectively; for APP (n = 49) 96%/96% and 76%/76%, respectively; and for CPC (n = 54) 65%/51% and 41%/39%, respectively. Without irradiation, 12 out of 33 patients with CPC younger than three years were alive for a median of 8.52 years. Extent of surgery and metastases were not independent prognosticators.

Conclusions
Chemotherapy for Choroid Plexus Carcinoma is feasible and effective. CarbEV is superior to CycEV. A subset of CPC can be cured without irradiation.
Photosynthetic traits of Australian wild rice (Oryza australiensis) confer tolerance to extreme daytime temperatures
Authors: Phillips Aaron L. , Scafaro Andrew P. , Atwell Brian J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Key message
A wild relative of rice from the Australian savannah was compared with cultivated rice, revealing thermotolerance in growth and photosynthetic processes and a more robust carbon economy in extreme heat.

Abstract
Above ~ 32 °C, impaired photosynthesis compromises the productivity of rice. We compared leaf tissues from heat-tolerant wild rice (Oryza australiensis) with temperate-adapted O. sativa after sustained exposure to heat, as well as diurnal heat shock. Leaf elongation and shoot biomass in O. australiensis were unimpaired at 45 °C, and soluble sugar concentrations trebled during 10 h of a 45 °C shock treatment. By contrast, 45 °C slowed growth strongly in O. sativa. Chloroplastic CO2 concentrations eliminated CO2 supply to chloroplasts as the basis of differential heat tolerance. This directed our attention to carboxylation and the abundance of the heat-sensitive chaperone Rubisco activase (Rca) in each species. Surprisingly, O. australiensis leaves at 45 °C had 50% less Rca per unit Rubisco, even though CO2 assimilation was faster than at 30 °C. By contrast, Rca per unit Rubisco doubled in O. sativa at 45 °C while CO2 assimilation was slower, reflecting its inferior Rca thermostability. Plants grown at 45 °C were simultaneously exposed to 700 ppm CO2 to enhance the CO2 supply to Rubisco. Growth at 45 °C responded to CO2 enrichment in O. australiensis but not O. sativa, reflecting more robust carboxylation capacity and thermal tolerance in the wild rice relative.
Bio, psycho, or social: supervised machine learning to classify discursive framing of depression in online health communities
Authors: Németh Renáta , Máté Fanni , Katona Eszter , Rakovics Márton , Sik Domonkos 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSupervised machine learning on textual data has successful industrial/business applications, but it is an open question whether it can be utilized in social knowledge building outside the scope of hermeneutically more trivial cases. Combining sociology and data science raises several methodological and epistemological questions. In our study the discursive framing of depression is explored in online health communities. Three discursive frameworks are introduced: the bio-medical, psychological, and social framings of depression. ~80 000 posts were collected, and a sample of them was manually classified. Conventional bag-of-words models, Gradient Boosting Machine, word-embedding-based models and a state-of-the-art Transformer-based model with transfer learning, called DistilBERT were applied to expand this classification on the whole database. According to our experience ‘discursive framing’ proves to be a complex and hermeneutically difficult concept, which affects the degree of both inter-annotator agreement and predictive performance. Our finding confirms that the level of inter-annotator disagreement provides a good estimate for the objective difficulty of the classification. By identifying the most important terms, we also interpreted the classification algorithms, which is of great importance in social sciences. We are convinced that machine learning techniques can extend the horizon of qualitative text analysis. Our paper supports a smooth fit of the new techniques into the traditional toolbox of social sciences.
Fission theories of Original Guilt
Authors: Effingham Nikk 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOne reading of the Doctrine of Original Sin has it that we are guilty of a sin committed by Adam, thousands of years ago. Fission theorists account for this by saying that Adam fissioned after he sinned and that each of us is one of his ‘fission successors’. This paper recaps the current discussion in the literature about this theory, arguing that the proposed version does not work for reasons already raised by Rea and Hudson. I then introduce a new version of fission theory that avoids the Rea-Hudson objection.
A Lepskiĭ-type stopping rule for the covariance estimation of multi-dimensional Lévy processes
Authors: Papagiannouli Katerina 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe suppose that a Lévy process is observed at discrete time points. Starting from an asymptotically minimax family of estimators for the continuous part of the Lévy Khinchine characteristics, i.e., the covariance, we derive a data-driven parameter choice for the frequency of estimating the covariance. We investigate a Lepskiĭ-type stopping rule for the adaptive procedure. Consequently, we use a balancing principle for the best possible data-driven parameter. The adaptive estimator achieves almost the optimal rate. Numerical experiments with the proposed selection rule are also presented.
The attributable mortality of new-onset acute kidney injury among critically ill patients: a propensity-matched analysis based on a multicentre prospective cohort study
Authors: Jiang Yi-Jia , Xi Xiu-Ming , Jia Hui-Miao , Zheng Xi , Wang Mei-Ping , Li Wen-Xiong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the attributable mortality of new-onset acute kidney injury (AKI).

Methods
The data in the present study were derived from a multi-center, prospective cohort study in China that was performed at 18 Chinese ICUs. A propensity-matched analysis was performed between matched patients with and without AKI selected from all eligible patients to estimate the attributable mortality of new-onset AKI.

Results
A total of 2872 critically ill adult patients were eligible. The incidence of new-onset AKI was 29.1% (n = 837). After propensity score matching, 788 patients with AKI were matched 1:1 with 788 controls (patients without AKI). Thirty-day mortality was significantly higher among the patients with AKI than among their matched controls (25.5% versus 17.4%, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis in terms of AKI classification showed that there was no significant difference (p = 0.509) in 30-day mortality between patients with stage 1 AKI and their matched controls. The attributable mortality values of stage 2 and stage 3 AKI were 12.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.6–21.8%, p = 0.013] and 16.1% (95% CI 8.2–23.8%, p < 0.001), respectively. The attributable mortality of persistent AKI was 15.7% (95% CI 8.8–22.4%, p = 0.001), while no observable difference in 30-day mortality was identified between transient AKI patients and their matched non-AKI controls (p = 0.229).

Conclusion
The absolute excess 30-day mortality that is statistically attributable to new-onset AKI is substantial (8.1%) among general ICU patients. However, neither stage 1 AKI nor transient AKI increases 30-day mortality.
High concentrations of pharmaceuticals emerging as a threat to Himalayan water sustainability
Authors: Quincey Duncan J. , Kay Paul , Wilkinson John , Carter Laura J. , Brown Lee E. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The sixth UN Sustainable Development Goal, Clean Water and Sanitation, directly underpins other goals of Health, Life in Water and Sustainable Cities. We highlight that poor sanitation, exemplified through some of the highest concentrations of pharmaceuticals ever detected in rivers, will amplify societal and environmental stress where climate-induced reductions in flow are predicted. Rapidly growing urban centres with inadequate water treatment works will need to prioritise water quality improvement before supply reductions become a reality. For 23 river locations within Kathmandu City and the Annapurna region, Nepal, we show the presence of 28 of 35 monitored human-use pharmaceuticals. Concentrations of antibiotics measured in this sampling campaign in both Kathmandu City (sulfamethazine, metronidazole and ciprofloxacin) and rural locations (ciprofloxacin) are in excess of predicted no effect concentrations, suggesting these sites are at risk of proliferating antimicrobial resistance as well as affecting other ecotoxicological endpoints. It is anticipated that climate-induced reductions in flow combined with contaminated river systems will amplify future societal and environmental stress.
Associations between sociodemographic factors, health spending, disease burden, and life expectancy of older adults (70 + years old) in 22 countries in the Western Pacific Region, 1995–2019: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019
Authors: Molassiotis Alex , Kwok Stephen W. H. , Leung Angela Y. M. , Tyrovolas Stefanos 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The needs of the aging populations are putting increasing burden on healthcare particularly in the Western Pacific Region (WPR), which is the home of aging economies such as Hong Kong and Japan alongside rapid increases in older people in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, little is known about the associations between sociodemographic factors, disease burden, and life expectancy in WPR. The current study conducted secondary analysis on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) estimates of populations aged 70 years and older in WPR countries between 1995 and 2019. Correlation tests, linear mixed regressions and generalized additive mixture models were run to examine the associations of interest. Unsupervised machine learning was conducted to segment the data automatically, at cluster analysis. The sociodemographic development index was found an important factor to the disease burden in terms of Years Lived with Disability (YLD) rate and mortality rate among older adults. YLD rate and mortality rate of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) attributable to different risk groups were significant contributors to higher expectation of Lost Healthy Years (LHE) and shorter life expectancy respectively in the context of rising YLD rate, particularly in LMICs. Three clusters of countries with similar characteristics were identified. NCDs were the most significant contributors to shorter life expectancy within which the time living in poor health did not improve. Better management of NCDs in aging populations should be emphasized in all countries. The country clusters may help in a more regional strategic planning.
COVID-19 and the Wuhan Diary –how does the overseas Chinese community react to group criticism?
Authors: Wang Mei , Rieger Marc Oliver 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe conduct an online survey to explore how Chinese people living in Germany perceive and react to group criticism in the context of the debate on the Wuhan Diary, a chronicle about life during the lockdown in Wuhan. We find that the majority rating of the book is a lukewarm “neither like nor dislike.” Most participants are open to criticism in principle and do not agree that the book only spreads so-called “negative-energy”. However, many participants were skeptical about the objectivity of the book and concerned about its potential use by so-called anti-China forces, even though the degree of blind patriotism is relatively low in our sample. The factors influencing the book’s evaluation are intriguing: perceived Western sentiment, media exposure and uncritical patriotism all affect COVID-19-related conspiracy beliefs, which in turn lead to a more negative evaluation of the book. A cluster analysis reveals two groups which differ in terms of properties like blind patriotism, belief in certain conspiracies, and also demographic parameters. Our results shed light on identity politics, motivated beliefs, and collective narcissism.
Saikokeishikankyoto extract alleviates muscle atrophy in KKAy mice
Authors: Ou Yanglan , Jobu Kohei , Ishida Tomoaki , Morisawa Shumpei , Fujita Hiroko , Kawada Kei , Yoshioka Saburo , Miyamura Mitsuhiko 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSarcopenic obesity is associated with increased visceral fat and decreased muscle mass, resulting in decreased insulin sensitivity, increased production of inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress. In this study, we first evaluated the effects of herbal medicines on the transcriptional activity of the Sirtuin 1 (sirt1) promoter in vitro as an indicator of their therapeutic effect. Our data suggested that hot water Saikokeishikankyoto (SKK) extracts increased sirt1 transcriptional activity in vitro, identifying it as a candidate therapeutic for evaluation in the KKAy type 2 diabetic obesity mouse model. These in vivo evaluations revealed that SKK treatment increased the wet weight and muscle fiber content in cross sections of the gastrocnemius muscle (GA) and restored motor function in these animals. In addition, SKK treatment reduced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) expression in the sera and suppressed Atrogin1 and MuRF1 transcription in the GA samples. This treatment also increased sirt1 expression in these tissues. These results suggest that SKK inhibits skeletal muscle atrophy and improves motor function in KKAy mice by suppressing inflammation. In actual clinical practice, SKK is expected to inhibit muscle atrophy and improve motor dysfunction in sarcopenic obesity.
Graphical abstract
Responsibility through Anticipation? The ‘Future Talk’ and the Quest for Plausibility in the Governance of Emerging Technologies
Authors: Urueña Sergio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn anticipatory governance (AG) and responsible innovation (RI), anticipation is a key theoretical and practical dimension for promoting a more responsible governance of new and emerging sciences and technologies. Yet, anticipation has been subjected to a range of criticisms, such that many now see it as unnecessary for AG and RI. According to Alfred Nordmann, practices engaging with ‘the future’, when performed under certain conditions, may reify the future, diminish our ability to see what is happening, and/or reproduce the illusion of control over the future. Several authors have stressed that these critiques fail to capture the heterogeneous character of anticipatory practices, and yet research on the question of what particular kind of socio-epistemic engagements with ‘the future’ AG and RI aim to enact through anticipation remains fragmentary and their underlying rationale under-theorised. This article aims to advance the theoretical characterisation and problematisation of anticipation as key interventive tools for AG and RI. By distinguishing between four modes of anticipation and heuristically testing them against Nordmann’s critiques, the article argues that despite his assessment failing to recognise the heterogeneity of anticipatory practices considered valuable for AG and RI, it reinforces the relevance of performing certain modes of anticipatory exercises, namely critical-hermeneutic ones. Thus, anticipation continues to be a necessary heuristic dimension for AG and RI. More concretely, the article maintains that such anticipatory heuristics may find their radical constructive and critical-reflective character in the dynamics of inclusive scrutiny and negotiation about the (im)plausibility and (un)desirability of the envisioned or (co-)created futures.
Im Osten was Neues – Agile Transformation bei KOMSA
Authors: Urbon Pierre-Pascal 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungDer europäische ITK-Dienstleister KOMSA setzte unter Führung des neuen Vorstandsvorsitzenden und Finanzvorstands Pierre-Pascal Urbon mit dem Projekt Transformation 2020 in nur 7 Monaten die größte Veränderung seit der Unternehmensgründung um. Mit den Ideen und Impulsen der Mitarbeiter hat KOMSA die Komplexität reduziert und eine neue Führungs- und Steuerungsfunktion eingeführt. Im Rahmen des Projekts führte der Vorstand eine Leadership Journey durch, um ein neues Führungsverständnis zu vermitteln. Die Umsetzung erfolgte mit agilen Methoden, sowohl vor Ort als auch aus dem Home-Office. Der Artikel beschreibt die Ausgangslage, die Mentalität der Mitarbeiter des sächsischen Familienunternehmens, den Prozess sowie die Sichtweisen der Aufsichtsratsvorsitzenden Kerstin Grosse und der Führungskraft Andrea Fiedler-Braunschweig.
Ecosystem services and disservices in the Luanhe River Basin in China under past, current and future land uses: implications for the sustainable development goals
Authors: Xu Jiren , Barrett Brian , Renaud Fabrice G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUnderstanding how ecosystem services (ES) and ecosystem disservices (EDS) are affected by human-induced landscape changes is important to minimise trade-offs and maximise synergies between Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and targets, and for equitable development across governance scales. However, limited research investigates how ES and EDS can change under past, current, and future land uses. This study, conducted in the Luanhe River Basin (LRB), demonstrates the interaction between humans and the environment under past, current, and future land uses at the river basin scale in China, using a stakeholders’ participatory capacity matrix to characterise both ES and EDS. Results indicate that forests and water bodies provided the highest overall ES capacity, while the lowest scores were reached in built-up and unused land areas. Built-up land and cropland provided the highest overall EDS, while the lowest EDS scores were for water bodies. By applying the ecosystem services potential index (ESPI) and ecosystem disservices potential index (EDSPI), we found that the ESPI of all the ES declined from 1980 to 2018 and would continue to decline until 2030 without sustainable and conservation development strategies in the LRB. The EDSPI under all future scenarios in 2030 was projected to increase compared to the baseline in 1980. This study recommends establishing and implementing sustainable environmental protection policies and cross-regional and trans-provincial eco-compensation schemes for minimising trade-offs in ES. The study proposes an integrated research framework that could be useful for understanding the effect of historical and future human–environment interactions on ES and EDS, and SDGs achievement.
One surgeon’s experience with r-TAPP: a retrospective analysis of 150 consecutive robotic inguinal hernia cases
Authors: Florin Jorge L. , Bianchi Valeria , Wiggan Daniel D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThere is a tremendous paucity of literatures regarding the long-term surgical outcomes of the r-TAPP procedure for inguinal hernia repair. Additionally, much of the existing literatures regarding this procedure have limited follow-up of to 12 months. This article presents the outcomes of 150 consecutive r-TAPP inguinal hernia repairs performed on 111 patients using Progrip mesh without fixation, with up to 24 months of follow-up. The initial 150 consecutive r-TAPP inguinal hernia repairs were performed from February 2017 to April 2018 using Progrip without fixation. All patients were seen at 2 weeks, followed by phone follow-up at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. Of the 111 patients, 39 had bilateral hernias (35%) and 72 had unilateral hernias (65%). The age range was 18–93 years. The BMI range was 20.7–50.2, with a mean of 26.4 and median of 25.8. Total operative time ranged from 28 to 138 min with a mean of 62.4 min and median of 56 min. ASA classification ranged from 1 to 4, with a mean of 2.1. No significant blood loss was observed in any of the cases. There were no conversions to open surgery. All patients were discharged the same day of the operation. We were able to follow up with 100% of the hernias at 2 weeks, 88% at 6 months, 87% at 1 year, and 80% at 2 years. No recurrences were recorded at 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, or 2 years. There were no reports of chronic pain up to 2 years in any of the patients. These results indicate that r-TAPP inguinal hernia repair using Progrip without further fixation is safe, effective, and can be performed with minimal recurrences or chronic pain.