bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Filtering of EMG signals
Authors: Rischel Jørgen , Hutters Birgit 
Published: October 2022

One of the ways to eliminate different kinds of disturbances in EMG signals is by filtering in the frequency domain. This procedure requires both a knowledge of the frequency content of the disturbing components and a knowledge of the frequency range of the relevant signal. Therefore, the frequency characteristics of an EMG material of various internal laryngeal muscles recorded by bipolar hooked-wire electrodes have been examined. We conclude that the highpass cutoff frequency normally proposed in the literature - i.e. 100 Hz or lower - is generally not sufficient to eliminate microphony and especially the movement artifacts. But the choice of filtering frequency will often be a compromise between the cutoff that is optimal with respect to removal of spurious components and the attenuation of the overall signal caused by the filtering. However, it is generally advisable to highpass filter the signal even at the expense of some overall attenuation, and the greatest improvement is often achieved by highpass filtering with cutoff frequencies well above the low range normally proposed.
Fundamental frequency patterning and sentence intonation in two Jutlandic dialects - A first approach
Authors: Thorsen Nina , Jul Bent 
Published: October 2022

In two Jutland areas (Thy and Århus) the fundamental frequency pattern associated with the succession of a stressed plus unstressed syllables can be described as a HIGH plus LOW or FALLlNG pattern, which is the inverse of the Standard Copenhagen LOW plus HIGH-FALLING one. We suggest that the difference be accounted for in terms of a difference in timing with respect to the peak and troughs of a basically triangular "wave". - Non-statement intonation contours may be rarer in these dialects than in Standard Copenhagen.
role of intrinsic Fo and duration in the perception of stress
Authors: Rosenvold Eva 
Published: October 2022

It has been found previously that the intrinsic differences in Fo level and duration, existing between vowels of different tongue height, are compensated for perceptually. The present experiment aims at examining the role of the intrinsic differences in connection with the perception of stress. It is found that the Fo step required to identify a certain stress pattern is of a different physical magnitude for a low than for a high vowel. Similarly, the duration required to identify a vowel as being stressed is not the same for low and high vowels. It appears from the results that the hypothesized perceptual compensation for the intrinsic differences functions in the perception of isolated vowels as well as in the perception and identification of linguistic category stress, which in its turn is dependent on Fo and duration.
Fieldwork on the Mlabri language: A preliminary sketch of its phonetics
Authors: Rischel Jørgen 
Published: October 2022

The present report deals with the phonetics of the Mlabri ("Mrabri") language spoken by a small hill tribe in Northern Thailand. This informal sketch gives an impressionistic phonetic survey of the vowel and consonant systems; more definitive analyses of this and other aspects of the language will be worked out later by the research group, viz. Professor Søren Egerod, Professor Therapan L. Thongkum, and the present author.
Two experiments in the perception of Fø timing in Danish
Authors: Thorsen Nina 
Published: October 2022

The perceptual relevance of rather finely timed differences in the occurrence of fundamental frequency (Fø) rises as observed in natural speech is established in listening experiments with synthetic speech stimulus material. (1) When vowel and consonant duration cues are ambiguous between /ku•lə/ and /kulə/ an early Fø rise, relative to the vowel-consonant boundary, will tend to favour identification of stimuli as /ku•lə/, while a later Fø rise increases the number of /kulə/ judgments somewhat. (2) When vowel duration cues are ambiguous between /'bilisd/ and /bi'lisd/ an Fø rise before the intervocalic consonant will significantly increase the number of /'bilisd/ identifications, whereas an Fø rise after the consonant yields more judgments of /bi' lisd/. The latter result corroborates the acoustic observation that initial voiced consonants in stressed syllables dissociate tonally from the vowel and join up with the preceding material, if any, to the effect that tonally the stress seems to begin with the vowel.
Linguistics, phonetics, and field-work
Authors: Rischel Jørgen 
Published: October 2022

The present, rather loosely structured and causerielike paper is an attempt to summarize some of the reflections, expectations, and frustrations which have marred the author during several years of pendling between instrumental phonetics and theoretical and descriptive linguistics, and during many years of practical field-work. The main emphasis is on the - possibly futile - question: is field-work data likely ever to be of any interest to instrumental phonetics, or vice-versa? No attempt is made to deal systematically with general methodological aspects of field-work (for this reason also, references to the literature on field-work techniques are totally omitted). Moreover, what is said below about conditions to be met in connection with instrumental analysis, will be trivial to most readers. Nevertheless, it may be worth while spelling out what it is that causes field-work activities and instrumental phonetic research to exhibit little or no mutual interaction in contemporary language study.
Global and local fundamental frequency variation and larynx height: Some preliminary observations
Authors: Reinholt Petersen Niels 
Published: October 2022

The paper presents data on the relation between fundamental frequency declination and larynx height, and between the stress determined fundamental frequency variation and larynx height. The results can be summarized as follows: a) Fo declination seems to be accompanied by a concomitant declination of larynx height, b) the Fo rise from stressed to the first posttonic syllable in Standard Danish is accompanied by two different patterns of larynx height variation: in one the larynx rises, in the other it lowers. The findings are discussed in the light of theories for the production of Fo.
note on work in progress: secondary articulation in Thai stops
Authors: Rischel Jørgen , Thavisak Amon 
Published: October 2022

The present paper outlines the system of obstruents in Modern Central Thai and points out various controversial issues having to do with laryngeal control and supralaryngeal secondary articulation. Some very preliminary findings concerning Thai /p t/ are mentioned, and it is shown with fiberoptic illustrations how the epiglottis is crucially involved in an articulatory gesture found with these consonants in certain environments.
Fundamental frequency and larynx height in sentence and stress groups
Authors: Reinholt Petersen Niels 
Published: October 2022

The paper reports experiments investigating a) the relation between larynx height and the slow overall fundamental frequency movement (declination) in sentences of varying length and type, and b) the relation between larynx height and Fo in the prosodic stress group. The aim of the experiments was to see in general to what extent the extrinsic laryngeal muscles could be assumed to be involved in the production of Fo, and as part of this to consider more specifically the question whether the fundamental frequency declination is actively controlled by the speaker in a linguistically purposeful manner, or whether - as has been suggested - it is an automatic consequence of the functioning of the pulmonic system. The results can be summarized as follows: In declarative sentences an overall decline was observed for Fo as well as for larynx height, and for both the slope of declination varied with sentence length, being steeper in short than in long sentences. In interrogative sentences Fo as well as larynx height showed either no decline or a slight rise over the sentence. These results are taken to indicate that Fo declination is actively controlled by the speaker, and it is suggested that it may be attributed primarily to the activity of the extrinsic laryngeal muscles. In the stress group the relation between larynx height and Fo seems to be far more complex, showing patterns which vary both among speakers and (to a lesser degree) within the individual speaker, and which have to be explained as the result of an intricate interaction of the activity of both intrinsic and extrinsic laryngeal muscles.
Sentence intonation in textual context - supplementary data
Authors: Grønnum Thorsen Nina 
Published: October 2022

The experiments presented here follow up a previous investigation (Nina Grønnum Thorsen "Intonation and text in Standard Danish", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 77, 1985, 1205-1216) and were designed to show whether a sequential fundamental frequency lowering of individual sentence components is present in a semantically, but not syntactically, coherent sequence (a text), when the number of sentences exceeds three. The results show that such a sequential lowering may appear, though it is not evenly distributed across the text. However, the textual intonation contour is sensitive, not only to the number of sentences that make up the text, but also to the length of individual sentence components.
Perceptual compensation for segmentally conditioned fundamental frequency perturbation
Authors: Reinholt Petersen Niels 
Published: October 2022

The paper deals with the role of two types of segmentally conditioned fundamental frequency (Fo) perturbation in speech perception, i.e. the differences in Fo between high and low vowels and the effect of prevocalic obstruent voicing on Fo. The literature relevant to this issue is reviewed, and the results of a supplementary experiment on Fo as a cue to vowel identity are reported. On this basis three major points are made: (1) Although the pitch of vowels is influenced psychoacoustically by their spectral shape, this effect is too small to be of any significant importance in speech perception. (2) The two types of Fo perturbation are not treated differently in the speech perception process, and (3) irrespective of type, the segmentally conditioned Fo variation can function as a cue both to segment identity and to the identity of prosodic categories, depending on the actual demands upon the speech perception system.
Muliggørelser af det umulige - Serpentine Gallerys socialt engagerede kurateringspraksis
Authors: Nielsen Sabine 
Published: October 2022

På den internationale samtidskunstscene eksperimenteres der for tiden med en række nye kuratoriske metoder og institutionsmodeller. I den senere tid er flere kunstinstitutioner eksempelvis begyndt at undersøge mulighederne for på den ene side at præsentere en række midlertidige, procesorienterede og socialt engagerede kunstneriske praksisser, ligesom de på den anden side forsøger at engagere forskellige – og ofte ganske fragmenterede – offentlighedsgrupper. Sådanne kunstinstitutioner fungerer i stigende grad som sociale medieringssteder eller som det, kunstkritikeren Simon Sheikh omtaler som “the in-between, the mediator, interlocutor, translater and meeting place between art production and the conception of its ‘public’”.
documenta i dansk dokumentation. En analyse af receptionen af documenta i dansk kunstkritik, 1955-1972
Authors: Handberg Kristian 
Published: October 2022

I et historisk perspektiv giver de mange anmeldelser, reportager og debatindlæg,
som documenta har afstedkommet, anledning til at følge mødet med den
internationale samtidskunst og kunstkritikkens egen udvikling, hvilket netop
er formålet med denne artikel. Det, der kunstkritisk er skrevet om documenta udstillingen
i dansk kontekst, udgør et ret konkret og let afgrænseligt materiale
ikke bare til at undersøge documenta , men til at følge hele den kunstverden, som
formede sig i efterkrigstiden, og dens redefinering af center og periferi, måder at
udstille kunst på og tænke det samtidige. Jeg vil lægge hovedvægten på receptionen
af de tidlige udgaver, da udviklingen her er mest markant.
Til trods for et stort fokus på documenta i den internationale kunsthistorie
og 1960’erne, som en tid præget af nybrud og udvekslinger i dansk kunst, har
den historiske reception af documenta og andre internationale udstillinger i en
dansk sammenhæng været underbelyst. Alligevel er udstillingen så central for
periodens kunst og udstillingen af den, at dens danske receptionshistorie er et
noget nær nødvendigt perspektiv at have med i en forståelse af den tid, som på
mange måder har formet vore dages kunstverden og idéen om udstillingen som
samtidsbillede.
Materialistisk kunsthistorie i dag. Benjamin redux: Joselit og Didi-Huberman
Authors: Bolt Mikkel 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
The German avant-garde critic Walter Benjamin remains an important reference within materialist art historical research. His Marxist reading of the emergence of new means of image production as well as his critique of cultural historical artefacts as documents of barbarism continue to inspire scholars and activists, most recently in the toppling of racist statues in 2020. The article discusses the use of Benjamin through a discussion of David Joselit’s After Art and Georges Didi-Huberman’s L’oeil de l’histoire series. Joselit proposes to expand the notion of the artwork through a focus on the networks where images circulate in globalized neo-liberalism but paradoxically ends up with a de-politicized idea of image circulation. Didi-Huberman uses Benjamin in an impressive re-thinking of art history as a question of the apparition and disappearance of images, images as gestures of defiance. Didi-Huberman, however, neglects to connect his analyses of historical images of conflict with the crisis-ridden contemporary historical situation.
Parents’ perceptions of ethical issues in adolescents’ HIV care and treatment at Temeke Regional Referral Hospital, Tanzania
Authors: Joseph R S , Mahiti G R , Frumence G , Ulrich C M 
Published: October 2022

Background. Decisions to test, enrol and disclose HIV status are among the ethical challenges that may influence adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and HIV care and treatment in adolescents living with HIV. In the Tanzanian setting, how parental perceptions of ethical issues affect adolescents’ adherence to HIV care and treatment is not well known.Objective. To explore parental perceptions of ethical issues in adolescent HIV care and treatment.
Methods. The study employed a descriptive qualitative exploratory design and was conducted at Temeke Regional Referral Hospital in Dar es Salaam Care and Treatment Centre (CTC) in the Outpatient Department (OPD). The study population were parents and non-parent caregivers of HIV-infected adolescents 10 - 19 years of age. A total of 16 persons participated in semi-structured interviews after their consent was obtained. All interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim in Swahili and back-translated into English. An inductive content analysis was used, and standards of qualitative rigour applied.
Results. Three qualitative themes emerged: balancing adolescents’ autonomy with parents’ desire to protect their children; parental dilemmas regarding disclosure of adolescents’ HIV status; and parental reasons for delayed disclosure.Conclusion. Participants perceived that parental authority should override adolescents’ autonomy in HIV care and treatment. Disclosure of HIV status to adolescents is a challenge to parents. Delays in disclosure often occur because parents feel guilty and because they have fears of rejection by their adolescent children.
Techno-Economic Analysis of a Hybrid Campus Microgrid
Authors: Yusuf Samson Dauda , Abdulhamid Aminu Alhaji , Loko Abdulmumini Zubairu 
Published: October 2022

Aims: To design and develop a campus micro-grid model for Nasarawa State University Keffi (NSUK), main campus, Nigeria.
Study Design: Econometric and financial feasibility analysis.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Physics, Nasarawa State University Keffi, main campus, Nigeria, between October 2019 and September 2020.
Methodology: Assessment of the campus load profile, energy consumption history, grid availability and present constraints to the existing system was carried out using the Fluke Power Analyzer and Fluke Industrial Multimeter. The parameters were used as the defining inputs to HOMER Pro micro-grid design and optimization software to calculate the net present cost, levelized cost of energy, total annual cost, capital recovery factor, and the real discount rate for NSUK, main campus, Nigeria.
Results: For a total daily demand of 11,162.13kWh, the optimization results indicated a net present cost of $2,499,296.31, cost of energy $0.05, total annual electrical energy output 15,619,101.08kWh, and renewable penetration 293%, as compared to net present cost of $9,680,196.57, cost of energy $0.096, total annual electrical energy output 369,729.73kWh, and a renewable penetration 0.0% for the existing NSUK grid-only dependent system.
Conclusion: Optimization results were considerably better than those obtained for the NSUK existing grid-only dependent system. Therefore, the micro-grid technology is a sustainable solution to the increasing energy demand for Nasarawa State University.
From Electric Doping Control to Thermal Defect Nucleation in Perovskites
Authors: Marinković Stefan , Fernández‐Rodríguez Alejandro , Fourneau Emile , Cabero Mariona , Wang Hailin , Nguyen Ngoc Duy , Gazquez Jaume , Mestres Narcís , Palau Anna , Silhanek Alejandro V. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSimultaneous optical microscopy and electric transport measurements on La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 nanobridges, grown on SrTiO3 (STO), show direct evidence of directional oxygen vacancy migration under large voltage bias. Comparative study on discontinuous structures, with voltages applied across a micron‐scale gap, demonstrates that high electric fields induce electrolytic modifications confined to the anode. Extensive electromigration is shown to induce the formation of linear surface scars on the STO substrate, following well defined crystallographic directions. The reproducible triggering of these surface dislocations is demonstrated, unveiling their thermal rather than electrical origin and it is shown that they do not represent electroformed conduction channels. High‐resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging reveals that the scars correspond to nanometer scale steps caused by (101) gliding planes in the STO caused by the proliferation of edge dislocations and local lattice expansion. These findings shed light on selective electrically‐controlled atom migration and its role in structural modification of functional oxides, opening a unique avenue for ionotronic device design.
Tunable Composition of Mixed Self‐Assembled Shell‐by‐Shell Structures on Nanoparticle Surfaces
Authors: Eigen Andreas , Stiegler Lisa M. S. , Gradl Susanne , Schneider Vanessa , Wedler Vincent , Gaß Henrik , Müller Lukas , Sarcletti Marco , Heinrich Markus R. , Hirsch Andreas , Halik Marcus 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe formation of mixed shell‐by‐shell (SbS) systems with tunable shell compositions is demonstrated by using molecular self‐assembly driven by chemical recognition motifs. Aluminum oxide nanoparticles (AlOx‐NPs) act as template surface for a self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) of either partially fluorinated fluoroalkyl or alkyl chained phosphonic acid derivatives or defined stoichiometric mixtures of those. By providing an equimolar mixture of corresponding fluoroalkyl and alkyl‐chained amphiphiles in water, the stoichiometry of underlaying mixed SAM on the NP‐surface preferentially directs the composition of the secondary self‐assembly. The composition of the shell‐by‐shell assemblies is studied by high performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence spectroscopy. The concept allows the formation of NP‐templated vesicle‐like bilayer structures, even consisting of orthogonal chain structures in tunable composition driven by chemical recognition and hydrophobic segregation.
In Situ Lignin Sulfonation for Highly Conductive Wood/Polypyrrole Porous Composites
Authors: Mastantuoni Gabriella G. , Tran Van Chinh , Engquist Isak , Berglund Lars A. , Zhou Qi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo address the rising need of sustainable solutions in electronic devices, the development of electronically conductive composites based on lightweight but mechanically strong wood structures is highly desirable. Here, a facile approach for the fabrication of highly conductive wood/polypyrrole composites through top‐down modification of native lignin followed by polymerization of pyrrole in wood cell wall. By sodium sulfite treatment under neutral condition, sulfonated wood veneers with increased porosity but well‐preserved cell wall structure containing native lignin and lignosulfonates are obtained. The wood structure has a content of sulfonic groups up to 343 µmol g−1 owing to in situ sulfonated lignin which facilitates subsequent oxidative polymerization of pyrrole, achieving a weight gain of polypyrrole as high as 35 wt%. The lignosulfonates in the wood structure act as dopant and stabilizer for the synthesized polypyrrole. The composite reaches a high conductivity of 186 S m−1 and a specific pseudocapacitance of 1.71 F cm−2 at the current density of 8.0 mA cm−2. These results indicate that tailoring the wood/polymer interface in the cell wall and activating the redox activity of native lignin by sulfonation are important strategies for the fabrication of porous and lightweight wood/conductive polymer composites with potential for sustainable energy applications.
Rising Like a Phoenix from the Ashes: Fire‐Proof Magnetically Retrievable Supraparticles with an Optical Fingerprint for Postmortem Identification of Products
Authors: Miller Franziska , Wenderoth Sarah , Wintzheimer Susanne , Mandel Karl 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCounterfeit electronic products not only cause financial losses but also come with safety risks. The worst‐case failure scenario certainly is a fire event. Since manufacturers are liable for damages and suffer image loss, fire‐proof postmortem taggants are needed, enabling differentiation between originals and counterfeits even after a fire incident. This work presents such taggants: optomagnetic supraparticles (SPs), i.e., complex microscale particles composed of luminescent and magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) are generated. Their hybrid nature is pivotal, as magnetic separation can effectively remove the tags from light‐absorbing fire debris, and a fire‐proof identification (ID) fingerprint is based on ratiometric luminescence signals. To achieve thermally stable magnets, iron oxide (IO) NPs are wet‐chemically coated with a SiO2‐3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) shell. Subsequently, these magnetic NPs are assembled with luminescent nanophosphors (lanthanide‐doped calcium phosphate NPs with a SiO2‐core) and SiO2‐APTES spacer NPs by spray‐drying to form hybrid SPs. The careful choice of type and ratios of the NPs and process parameters make it possible to achieve and precisely tune the desired functionality of the resulting fire‐proof taggants. A proof‐of‐concept is demonstrated, in which the taggants are incorporated as additives into coatings and subjected to real fire simulations.