bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in high‐risk, node‐negative early breast cancer
Authors: Prakash Ipshita , Neely N. Ben , Thomas Samantha M. , Sammons Sarah , Blitzblau Rachel C. , DiLalla Gayle A. , Hyslop Terry , Menendez Carolyn S. , Plichta Jennifer K. , Rosenberger Laura H. , Fayanju Oluwadamilola M. , Hwang E. Shelley , Greenup Rachel A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundControversy exists regarding the optimal sequence of chemotherapy among women with operable node‐negative breast cancers with high‐risk tumor biology. We evaluated national patterns of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) use among women with early‐stage HER2+, triple‐negative (TNBC), and high‐risk hormone receptor‐positive (HR+) invasive breast cancers.MethodsWomen ≥18 years with cT1‐2/cN0 HER2+, TNBC, or high recurrence risk score (≥31) HR+ invasive breast cancers who received chemotherapy were identified in the National Cancer Database (2010–2016). Cochran‐Armitage and logistic regression examined temporal trends and likelihood of undergoing NACT versus adjuvant chemotherapy based on patient age and molecular subtype.ResultsOverall, 96,622 patients met study criteria; 25% received NACT and 75% underwent surgery first, with comparable 5‐year estimates of overall survival (0.90, 95% CI 0.892–0.905 vs 0.91, 95% CI 0.907–0.913). During the study period, utilization of NACT increased from 14% to 36% and varied according to molecular subtype (year*molecular subtype p < 0.001, p‐corrected < 0.001). Women with HER2+ (OR 4.17, 95% CI 3.70–4.60, p < 0.001, p‐corrected < 0.001) and TNBC (OR 3.81, 95% CI 3.38–4.31, p < 0.001, p‐corrected < 0.001) were more likely to receive NACT over time, without a change in use among those with HR+ disease (OR 1.58, 95% CI 0.88–2.87, p = 0.13, p‐corrected = 0.17).ConclusionAmong women with early‐stage triple‐negative and HER2+ breast cancers, utilization of NACT increased over time, a trend that correlates with previously reported improved rates of pCR and options post‐neoadjuvant treatment with residual disease. Future research is needed to better understand multidisciplinary decisions for NACT and implications for breast cancer patients.
The foundations of Bolsonaro's support: Exploring the psychological underpinnings of political polarization in Brazil
Authors: Franco Alexandre Barros , Pound Nicholas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe election of the far‐right populist Jair Bolsonaro in the 2018 Brazilian Presidential election was a major turning point in the history of the country and arguably part of a worldwide trend toward a form of ‘authoritarian populism’. The present study was conducted to explore psychological factors that may contribute to the appeal of a polarizing figure such as Bolsonaro, in particular, to determine whether measures of various ‘Moral Foundations’ or ‘Social Dominance Orientation’ (SDO) could best predict voting behaviour in the 2018 election. Given the cultural and economic context in Brazil, measures of religiosity and personal relative deprivation were included as additional potential explanatory variables. An online survey of 325 people from Brazil found that Bolsonaro voters scored higher on the ‘binding’ (Loyalty, Authority, Purity/Sanctity) and lower on the ‘individualizing’ (Care, Fairness) Moral Foundations than voters for the candidate of the left, Fernando Haddad. Moreover, Bolsonaro voters scored higher than Haddad voters on SDO and religiosity. When the various social, moral and religious measures were considered simultaneously in a binary logistic regression, it was endorsement of right‐wing authoritarian ideologies (SDO and the Authority Moral Foundation), rather than lack of endorsement of individualizing Moral Foundations that best distinguished Bolsonaro voters.
Flavonoid‐Rich Fraction from Croton blanchetianus (Euphorbiaceae) Leaves Exerts Peripheral and Central Analgesic Effects by Acting via the Opioid and Cholinergic Systems
Authors: de Oliveira Alisson Macário , Widmer Ramona , do Nascimento Matheus Ferreira , Costa Wêndeo Kennedy , Paiva Patrícia Maria Guedes , Napoleão Thiago Henrique 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe ethanolic extract from Croton blanchetianus leaves has been shown to have antinociceptive activity in mice. Here, we investigated the antinociceptive activity of an ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) from this extract in mice and the possible pathways involved in the analgesic effect. Adverse effects on behavior and motor coordination were also evaluated. The EAF was characterized by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and evaluated (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg per os) in the acetic acid‐induced abdominal writhing, formalin, hot plate, and tail immersion assays. Naloxone, atropine, glibenclamide, prazosin, or yohimbine was pre‐administered to mice to investigate the involved pathways in the formalin test. The open‐field, rotarod, and elevated plus‐maze tests were used to assess behavior and locomotion. The main components of the EAF were quercetin‐3‐O‐(2‐rhamnosyl) rutinoside, hyperoside, quercetin rutinoside pentoside, and quercetin hexoside deoxyhexoside. EAF showed antinociceptive effects in all models and was effective against both neurogenic and inflammatory pain. The reversion of the effects in the formalin test by naloxone and atropine revealed that the EAF acted via the opioid and cholinergic systems. In the open‐field test, the behavior of the animals treated with the EAF was like that of control, except at the highest dose, when hypnosis, eyelid ptosis, decreased walking, hygiene, and rearing behaviors were observed. No muscle relaxant effect was observed, but an anxiogenic effect was observed at all doses. This study provides new scientific evidence on the pharmacological properties of C. blanchetianus leaves and their potential for the development of phytomedicines with analgesic properties.
Protein‐Recognition‐Initiated Exponential Amplification Reaction (PRIEAR) and Its Application in Clinical Diagnosis
Authors: Hu Changjia , Zhang Jie , Jin Yanwen , Ma Wenjie , Zhou Rongxing , Du Huan , Yang Peng , Hou Xiandeng , Cheng Nansheng , Chen Junbo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIsothermal exponential amplification technology has rarely been fabricated as a universal sensing platform for the detection of proteins. To broaden their application, we have developed a strategy, named protein‐recognition‐initiated exponential amplification reaction (PRIEAR) using protein recognition to induce DNA assembly, which converts protein recognition events into ssDNA amplicons and combines two‐stage amplification to achieve exponential amplification. Taking advantage of this principle, diverse biomarkers can be quantified at sub‐picomolar concentrations in a homogenous manner, making PRIEAR suitable for clinical settings. Therefore, this strategy can expand the powerful isothermal exponential amplification technology to protein targets and thus provide a new toolbox in clinical and biomedical applications.
Circ‐Sirt1 inhibits vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation via the c‐Myc/cyclin B1 axis
Authors: Huang Minhua , Dong Yujie , Sun Guangbin , Yu Yuan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractVascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are an important cellular component of the vascular wall. Restenosis is mainly due to VSMC excessive proliferation. However, little is known about the role of circRNAs in VSMC proliferation and phenotypic switching. Herein, using fluorescence in situ hybridization assay and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, we found that circ‐Sirt1 was markedly downregulated in neointimal formation after injury and in VSMCs treated with platelet‐derived growth factor BB (PDGF‐BB). Bromodeoxyuridine and MTT assays confirmed the inhibitory role of circ‐Sirt1 on cell proliferation. Mechanistically, circ‐Sirt1 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of VSMCs. Through RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull‐down assays, we found that circ‐Sirt1 bound with c‐Myc, which protein associated with proliferation of VSMCs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay also provided evidence that the overexpression of circ‐Sirt1 almost ceased PDGF‐BB‐induced binding of c‐Myc to the promoter of cyclin B1 in VSMCs. These results indicated that circ‐Sirt1 had an inhibitory effect on c‐Myc activity, providing a mechanism for suppressing PDGF‐BB‐induced VSMC proliferation by direct interactions with c‐Myc and its sequestration in the cytoplasm. Overall, our study demonstrated that a previously unrecognized circ‐Sirt1/c‐Myc/cyclin B1 axis in VSMCs mediates neointimal formation following injury.
Temporal effect of melatonin posttreatment on anoxia/reoxygenation injury in H9c2 cells
Authors: Bai Yang , Yang Yanli , Cui Boqun , Lin Duomao , Wang Zhaoqi , Ma Jun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMelatonin has been proven to reduce myocardial ischemia‐reperfusion (MI/R) injury. However, in most studies, melatonin was administered before MI/R, thus, the results lack clinical significance in patients with acute myocardial infarction. We hypothesize that melatonin posttreatment at different times has different curative effects. Administered of Melatonin (150 μM) at different times after the onset of reoxygenation (t = −15, 0, 5, 10, 15, and 30 min). Cellular apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function were assessed. Mitophagy‐related protein levels, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) activity were also measured. A/R injury upregulated mitophagy, which was associated with increased cellular apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Melatonin posttreatment (t = −15, 0, 5, 10, 15, and 30 min) significantly inhibited excessive mitophagy after A/R injury, reduced cellular apoptosis and oxidative stress, restored mitochondrial function and MMP, and restrained mPTP opening. The therapeutic time window in which melatonin posttreatment protected H9c2 cells against A/R injury was large (from −15 to 30 min after the onset of reperfusion), but the earlier the melatonin administration was, the better its protective effect was. This mechanism is likely due to a reduction in mPTP activity and MMP collapse, which lead to the inhibition of mitophagy.
Differential expression of circular RNAs in plasma exosomes from patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Zhang Lele , Qu Liyan , Zhang Yurong , Xu Zhijiang , Tang Huqiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractExosomes are being extensively studied as a source of valuable new biomarkers. The underlying mechanism of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) may include changes in the circular RNAs (circRNAs) of exosomes. However, there is a lack of reports on the role of exosomal cirRNAs in the plasma of patients with AS. We isolated exosomes from the plasma of patients with AS and healthy individuals (controls). Subsequently, we investigated the circRNA profiles of the exosomes via high‐throughput RNA sequencing and identified 56 differentially expressed circRNAs in the exosomes of patients with AS compared with those of the healthy controls. Gene Ontology demonstrated that the differentially expressed circRNAs were mainly involved in the negative regulation of the activity of the transcription factor nuclear factor‐κB and bone remodelling that is potentially related to AS. Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes and Genome demonstrated that the most highly AS‐correlated pathways that were identified were ‘notch signalling pathway’ and those primarily involved with ‘cholinergic synapse’. Finally, we validated five differentially expressed circRNAs using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and predicted their potential functions through the circRNA–miRNA–mRNA network. Our study is the first to report changes in exosomal circRNAs from plasma samples of patients with AS, and provide novel targets for further investigation of molecular mechanisms and potential intervention therapy targets of AS.
PROTOCOL: The effect of education programmes for improving knowledge of back health, ergonomics and postural behaviour in university students: A systematic review
Authors: Salman Mona , Bettany‐Saltikov Josette , Kandasamy Gokulakannan , Whittaker Vicki , Hogg Julie , Racero Garikoitz Aristegui 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis is the protocol for a Campbell review. The objectives are as follows: To investigate the evidence on the effectiveness of education programmes in improving the knowledge of back health, ergonomics and postural behaviour in University students.
Early maladaptive schemas and COVID‐19 anxiety: The mediational role of mistrustfulness and vulnerability to harm and illness
Authors: Faustino Bruno , Vasco António Branco , Delgado João , Farinha‐Fernandes António , Guerreiro José Carlos 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundEarly maladaptive schemas (EMS), as lifelong psychological structures, tend to be associated with psychopathological symptomatology. Previous research has suggested that schemas act as psychological vulnerabilities to stressful life situations, such as the present worldwide COVID‐19 pandemic. In this context, anxiety and psychological distress have been documented as two of the main psychological symptoms associated with the COVID‐19 pandemic. However, the associations between specific EMS and COVID‐19 anxiety remain unexplored. Therefore, this study aims to explore the relationships between EMS, COVID‐19 anxiety as well as other mental health variables such as psychological well‐being, distress and life satisfaction.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional design, 249 individuals (M = 34.2, SD = 12.0) completed several self‐report measures.ResultsEMS from different schematic domains were positively associated with COVID‐19 anxiety and psychological distress and negatively associated with psychological well‐being and life satisfaction. An EMS hierarchical regression model predicted COVID‐19 anxiety. Mistrustfulness and vulnerability to harm and illness mediated the relationships between COVID‐19 anxiety, psychological distress and life satisfaction.ConclusionsAccording to these results, mistrustfulness and vulnerability to harm and illness can act as underlying variables for the decrease in mental health associated with the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Compressive sensing based on novel chaotic matrix for cognitive radio
Authors: Abed Hadeel S. , Abdullah Hikmat N. 
Published: January 2022

SummaryCognitive radio (CR) is an emerging technology for optimum spectrum utilization. Spectrum sensing (SS) is the first step of CR. Important challenge in the next generations is wideband SS. Compressive sensing (CS) can be used as an SS in CR to solve this challenge. Sensing matrix (SM) plays an important role in CS. For better performance, SM must have low mutual coherence. The existing matrices in the literature are random and chaotic. All random matrices have a good performance, but they have problems of large memory storage, complexity, sharing bandwidth, and low security. Chaotic matrices (CMs) are the best but still have some problems including the use of sample distance in chaotic sequence that consumes high storage resources, low performance and compression under low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), and low security. In this paper, we propose a new 1‐D chaotic map for constructing a novel SM. The proposed map has simple structure, wide range chaotic behavior, and high security. Its chaotic behavior is confirmed using Lyapunov exponent, bifurcation, and trajectory. The CS performance based on novel CM is measured using absolute error (
, mutual coherence, memory cost, computational complexity, and MSE (mean square error), while evaluated through comparisons with matrices in the literature. The simulation and mathematical results show that the proposed map is a hyperchaotic with efficient chaotic behavior in wide range of parameters and low memory storage and complexity. The results also show that it has low
, MSE, and mutual coherence at low SNR with high compression.
Atypia of undetermined significance in the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology: Cystic versus non‐cystic masses
Authors: Saoud Carla , Wangsiricharoen Sintawat , Kahler Jessica , Maleki Zahra 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe term “Atypia” has been employed to describe a wide spectrum of cytomorphologic features associated with reactive/inflammatory processes as well as those suspicious for neoplasms in cytology. Similar to other cytopathology reporting systems, the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) has reserved the atypical category for cytology specimens lacking quantitative and/or qualitative cytomorphologic features to be diagnosed with confidence as either non‐neoplastic or neoplastic. In MSRSGC, the atypical category is associated with a risk of malignancy and recommendation for clinical management. In this review, we discuss the value of atypical diagnostic category of MSRSGC in both cystic and non‐cystic salivary gland lesions by evaluating our institutional case cohort.
Simultaneous quantification of 19 nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in oral fluid by liquid chromatography‐high resolution mass spectrometry: Application on ultratrail runner's oral fluid
Authors: Mashal Mohammad Shafiq , Nalin Marie , Bevalot Fabien , Sallet Pierre , Guitton Jérôme , Machon Christelle 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a therapeutic class suspected to be used by ultratrail runners. The use of NSAIDs during ultratrails is known to be associated with various adverse effects. To study the prevalence of NSAIDs intake in ultratrail runners, oral fluid (OF) is a relevant matrix as it is noninvasive and easy to collect. The aim of our work was to develop and validate a liquid–liquid extraction followed by a liquid chromatography (LC)–mass spectrometry (MS)/high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) method for the simultaneous quantification of 19 NSAIDs in OF. After a comparison of different liquid–liquid extraction methods, a double step liquid–liquid extraction with chloroform was performed on OF collected with Quantisal®, with extraction recoveries higher than 90%. An Accucore AQ column was selected for the chromatographic separation of NSAIDs. The Q Exactive Plus mass spectrometer operated in full scan and ddms2 mode after positive and negative electrospray ionization. Selectivity, carry‐over, matrix effect, and linearity were validated for all NSAIDs. Within‐day and between‐day accuracy and precision were validated for all NSAIDs (<15% for quality control [QC] samples and <20% for lower limit of quantitation [LLOQ]), except within‐day accuracy for the LLOQ of mefenamic acid. A stability study was also performed on OF at room temperature and +4°C. The method was applied on OF from runners who participate to Ultra Trail du Mont Blanc®.
CA‐125 variation in acute heart failure: a single‐centre analysis
Authors: Lourenço Patrícia , Cunha Filipe M. , Elias Catarina , Fernandes Catarina , Barroso Isaac , Guimarães João T. , Bettencourt Paulo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimsA decrease in carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA‐125) predicts survival advantage in chronic heart failure (HF); the impact of its variation in acute HF is unknown. We studied the association of CA‐125 decrease with prognosis in acute HF.Methods and resultsWe studied acute hospitalized HF patients. Predictors of admission and discharge CA‐125 were determined by linear regression. Follow‐up was 1 year; endpoint was all‐cause death. The association of admission and discharge CA‐125 with mortality was assessed using a Cox‐regression analysis. A Cox‐regression analysis was also used to assess the prognostic impact of CA‐125 decrease during hospitalization. Analysis was stratified by length of hospital stay (LOS). We studied 363 patients, 51.5% male, mean age 75 ± 12 years, 51.5% ischaemic, 30.0% with preserved ejection fraction, and 57.3% with reduced ejection fraction; patients presented elevated comorbidity burden. Median LOS was 7 (5–11) days. In the subgroup of 262 patients with CA‐125 measured both at admission and at discharge, we reported a significant increase in its levels: 56.0 (26.0–160.7) U/mL to 74.0 (32.3–195.0) U/mL. Independent predictors of admission CA‐125 were higher BNP and lower creatinine. Predictors of discharge CA‐125 were higher discharge BNP, lower discharge albumin, and younger age. Both admission and discharge CA‐125 predicted mortality. During follow‐up, 75 (31.8%) patients died. A decrease in CA‐125 predicted a 68% reduction in the 1 year death risk only in patients with LOS > 10 days.ConclusionsOur results suggest that an early re‐evaluation (>10 days) with CA‐125 measurement after an acute HF hospitalization may be of interest in patient management.
Pathophysiological pathways related to high plasma growth differentiation factor 15 concentrations in patients with heart failure
Authors: Ceelen Daan , Voors Adriaan A. , Tromp Jasper , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Dickstein Kenneth , de Boer Rudolf A. , Lang Chim C. , Anker Stefan D. , Ng Leong L. , Metra Marco , Ponikowski Piotr , Figarska Sylwia M. 
Published: January 2022

AimsElevated concentrations of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF‐15) in patients with heart failure (HF) have been consistently associated with worse clinical outcomes, but what disease mechanisms high GDF‐15 concentrations represent remains unclear. Here, we aim to identify activated pathophysiological pathways related to elevated GDF‐15 expression in patients with HF.Methods and resultsIn 2279 patients with HF, we measured circulating levels of 363 biomarkers. Then, we performed a pathway over‐representation analysis to identify key biological pathways between patients in the highest and lowest GDF‐15 concentration quartiles. Data were validated in an independent cohort of 1705 patients with HF. In both cohorts, the strongest up‐regulated biomarkers in those with high GDF‐15 were fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF‐23), death receptor 5 (TRAIL‐R2), WNT1‐inducible signalling pathway protein 1 (WISP‐1), tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11a (TNFRSF11A), leucocyte immunoglobulin‐like receptor subfamily B member 4 (LILRB4), and trefoil factor 3 (TFF3). Pathway over‐representation analysis revealed that high GDF‐15 patients had increased activity of pathways related to inflammatory processes, notably positive regulation of chemokine production; response to interleukin‐6; tumour necrosis factor and death receptor activity; and positive regulation of T‐cell differentiation and inflammatory response. Furthermore, we found pathways involved in regulation of insulin‐like growth factor (IGF) receptor signalling and regulatory pathways of tissue, bones, and branching structures. GDF‐15 quartiles significantly predicted all‐cause mortality and HF hospitalization.ConclusionPatients with HF and high plasma concentrations of GDF‐15 are characterized by increased activation of inflammatory pathways and pathways related to IGF‐1 regulation and bone/tissue remodelling.