bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simple matching domain with indifferences and a master list
Authors: Chowdhury Rohan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe present a two-sided one-to-one market setting where one side of the market is objectively ranked. Constraints prevent agents on the other side from matching with agents who are ranked higher than an agent-specific threshold. The domain allows for indifferences, with preferences of one side being derived from a master preference list, while agents on the other side have general preferences. We analyze matchings with respect to two standard properties: stability and efficiency. Having met these standard goals, the designer facing this problem may additionally care about a third criterion: the size of the matching. We find that for the proposed domain all stable matchings have the same size. We characterize the set of stable and efficient matchings for the problem. Our results show that every matching that is both stable and efficient is hierarchical by nature in a precise sense.
Utilization of alum sludge waste for production of eco-friendly blended cement
Authors: Mohamed O. A. , El-Gamal S. M. A. , Farghali A. A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis work was focused on evaluating the suitability of replacing Portland cement (PC) by 5, 10 and 15 mass % of activated alum sludge waste (AAS) as a pozzolanic material. Exploitation of low-cost nanocomposite for bolstering the physical, mechanical, and stability against firing of PC–AAS-hardened composites was inspected. CuFe2O4 spinel nanoparticle with average particle size (~ 50 nm) was prepared. Inclusion of CuFe2O4 spinel in different PC–AAS-hardened composites bolsters their physicomechanical features at almost normal curing ages as well as their stability against firing. The positive impact of synthesized CuFe2O4 spinel was affirmed via TGA/DTG and XRD techniques, which indicated the presence of diverse hydration yields such as CSHs, CASHs, CFSH, and CuSH that enhance the overall physicomechanical characteristics and thermal stability of various PC–AAS-hardened composites. The composite containing (90 PC–10 AAS waste–2 CuFe2O4) offers many benefits from the economic and environmental view.
Graphical abstract
Volatility impacts on the European banking sector: GFC and COVID-19
Authors: Batten Jonathan A. , Choudhury Tonmoy , Kinateder Harald , Wagner Niklas F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper analyses the volatility transmission between European Global Systemically Important Banks (GSIBs) and implied stock market volatility. A Dynamic Conditional Correlation Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity model is applied to determine the dynamic correlation between returns of Europe’s GSIBs and the world’s most prominent measure of market “fear”, the CBOE Volatility Index (VIX). The results identify a higher negative co-relationship between the VIX and GSIB returns during the COVID-19 period compared with the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), with one-day lagged changes in the VIX negatively Granger-causing bank returns. The asymmetric impact of changes in implied volatility is examined by quantile regressions, with the findings showing that in the lower quartile–where extreme negative bank returns are present–jumps in the VIX are highly significant. This effect is more pronounced during COVID-19 than during the GFC. Additional robustness analysis shows that these findings are consistent during the periods of the Swine Flu and Zika virus epidemics.
A p-Adaptive Discontinuous Galerkin Method with hp-Shock Capturing
Authors: Mossier Pascal , Beck Andrea , Munz Claus-Dieter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this work, we present a novel hybrid Discontinuous Galerkin scheme with hp-adaptivity capabilities for the compressible Euler equations. In smooth regions, an efficient and accurate discretization is achieved via local p-adaptation. At strong discontinuities and shocks, a finite volume scheme on an h-refined element-local subgrid gives robustness. Thus, we obtain a hp-adaptive scheme that exploits both the high convergence rate and efficiency of a p-adaptive high order scheme as well as the stable and accurate shock capturing abilities of a low order finite volume scheme, but avoids the inherent resolution loss through h-refinement. A single a priori indicator, based on the modal decay of the local polynomial solution representation, is used to distinguish between discontinuous and smooth regions and control the p-refinement. Our method is implemented as an extension to the open source software FLEXI. Hence, the efficient implementation of the method for high performance computers was an important criterion during the development. The efficiency of our adaptive scheme is demonstrated for a variety of test cases, where results are compared against non adaptive simulations. Our findings suggest that the proposed adaptive method produces comparable or even better results with significantly less computational costs.
Computer simulations on oxidative stress-induced reactions in SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein: a multi-scale approach
Authors: Bertran Oscar , Martí Didac , Torras Juan , Turon Pau , Alemán Carlos 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Oxidative stress, which occurs when an organism is exposed to an adverse stimulus that results in a misbalance of antioxidant and pro-oxidants species, is the common denominator of diseases considered as a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 lethality. Indeed, reactive oxygen species caused by oxidative stress have been related to many virus pathogenicity. In this work, simulations have been performed on the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein to study what residues are more susceptible to be attacked by ·OH, which is one of the most reactive radicals associated to oxidative stress. The results indicate that isoleucine (ILE) probably plays a crucial role in modification processes driven by radicals. Accordingly, QM/MM-MD simulations have been conducted to study both the ·OH-mediated hydrogen abstraction of ILE residues and the induced modification of the resulting ILE radical through hydroxylation or nitrosylation reactions. All in all, in silico studies show the importance of the chemical environment triggered by oxidative stress on the modifications of the virus, which is expected to help for foreseeing the identification or development of antioxidants as therapeutic drugs.

Graphic abstract
Steady-state statistics, emergent patterns and intermittent energy transfer in a ring of oscillators
Authors: Pedergnana Tiemo , Noiray Nicolas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNetworks of coupled nonlinear oscillators model a broad class of physical, chemical and biological systems. Understanding emergent patterns in such networks is an ongoing effort with profound implications for different fields. In this work, we analytically and numerically study a symmetric ring of N coupled self-oscillators of van der Pol type under external stochastic forcing. The system is proposed as a model of the thermo- and aeroacoustic interactions of sound fields in rigid enclosures with compact source regions in a can-annular combustor. The oscillators are connected via linear resistive coupling with nonlinear saturation. After transforming the system to amplitude-phase coordinates, deterministic and stochastic averaging is performed to eliminate the fast oscillating terms. By projecting the potential of the slow-flow dynamics onto the phase-locked quasi-limit cycle solutions, we obtain a compact, low-order description of the (de-)synchronization transition for an arbitrary number of oscillators. The stationary probability density function of the state variables is derived from the Fokker–Planck equation, studied for varying parameter values and compared to time series simulations. We leverage our analysis to offer explanations for the intermittent energy transfer between Bloch waves observed in acoustic pressure spectrograms observed of real-world gas turbines.
Recent advances in the metabolic pathways and microbial production of coenzyme Q
Authors: Pierrel Fabien , Burgardt Arthur , Lee Jin-Ho , Pelosi Ludovic , Wendisch Volker F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCoenzyme Q (CoQ) serves as an electron carrier in aerobic respiration and has become an interesting target for biotechnological production due to its antioxidative effect and benefits in supplementation to patients with various diseases. Here, we review discovery of the pathway with a particular focus on its superstructuration and regulation, and we summarize the metabolic engineering strategies for overproduction of CoQ by microorganisms. Studies in model microorganisms elucidated the details of CoQ biosynthesis and revealed the existence of multiprotein complexes composed of several enzymes that catalyze consecutive reactions in the CoQ pathways of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli. Recent findings indicate that the identity and the total number of proteins involved in CoQ biosynthesis vary between species, which raises interesting questions about the evolution of the pathway and could provide opportunities for easier engineering of CoQ production. For the biotechnological production, so far only microorganisms have been used that naturally synthesize CoQ10 or a related CoQ species. CoQ biosynthesis requires the aromatic precursor 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and the prenyl side chain that defines the CoQ species. Up to now, metabolic engineering strategies concentrated on the overproduction of the prenyl side chain as well as fine-tuning the expression of ubi genes from the ubiquinone modification pathway, resulting in high CoQ yields. With expanding knowledge about CoQ biosynthesis and exploration of new strategies for strain engineering, microbial CoQ production is expected to improve.
The prognostic value of the Frank sign
Authors: Prangenberg J. , Doberentz E. , Johann L. , Madea B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFrank’s sign (named after American pulmonologist Sanders T. Frank) refers to a diagonal skin fold between the tragus and outer edge of the earlobe. Gradation is based on the bilateral presence and/or degree of the earlobe fold. The presence of this sign, referred to as the diagonal earlobe crease (DELC), has been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), independent of other cardiovascular risk factors. Corresponding studies are predominantly based on clinical or angiographic assessments, and few autopsy studies exist. The association of DELC with CAD, cardiovascular risk factors, and causes of death was investigated via retrospective and prospective evaluations. It was also investigated whether the degree of DELC correlated with the macroscopic severity of coronary heart disease. Furthermore, the influence of age on the appearance of DELC was analyzed and compared using two age groups. Additionally, binomial logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the influence of age on the presence of higher-grade DELC and CAD. In cases related to a lethal cardiac event, the majority (78%) showed high-grade DELC. The DELC grade correlated significantly with CAD severity (rs = 0.474, p < 0.001) and with the severity of general atherosclerosis (rs = 0.606, p < 0.001) with medium and large effects sizes, respectively. Age was predominantly more suitable than DELC concerning the sensitivity, specificity, and positive prognostic value for preexisting cardiac disease and cardiac-related causes of death. In both DELC and CAD, age has a significant influence on the presence of higher-grade manifestation, but the influence of age in CAD appears to be even more significant than in DELC. The main results of previous autopsy studies and the prognostic value could have been confirmed, but these findings appear to be limited to younger patients.
Oral Cavity Reconstruction over a 30-Year Period at a Dedicated Tertiary Head and Neck Cancer Centre
Authors: Hayler R. , Sudirman S. R. , Clark J. , Shannon K. , Elliott M. , Palme C. E. , Wykes J. , Ch’ng S. , Low T. H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThere are around 2,500 new cases of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) reported yearly within Australia. Resection often leads to substantial defects, requiring complex reconstruction. The aim of this study was to examine how reconstruction at a dedicated head and neck cancer unit has evolved over a 30-year period. A retrospective review was conducted of all OSCC carcinoma cases performed from 1988 to 2017. Data was analysed in six-time periods; pre-1995, 1995–1999, 2000–2004, 2005–2009, 2010–2014, and 2015 and above. A total of 903 patients were identified, of which 56.1% (n = 507) underwent free flap reconstruction including 426 (84.0%) soft tissue free flaps (STFF) and 81 (16.0%) bony free flaps (BFF). STFF usage remained stable over time. The radial forearm was the most common free flap but declined over time with increasing use of the anterolateral thigh flap. The number of BFF increased from 5.0% before 1995 to 20.4% in 1995–2015. The tongue was the most common subsite, followed by the floor of mouth. Free flaps were utilised in more than 50% of OSCC reconstructions at each time period. Over time, the proportion of different STFF evolved towards increased use of the ALT flap and BFF within our institution. Level of evidence: Level four.
Geodiversity Supports Cultural Ecosystem Services: an Assessment Using Social Media
Authors: Fox Nathan , Graham Laura J. , Eigenbrod Felix , Bullock James M. , Parks Katherine E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGeodiversity is under threat from both anthropogenic activities and environmental change which therefore requires active management in the form of geoconservation to minimise future damage. As research on the role of geodiversity on ecosystem service (ES) provision has been limited, there is a need to improve our understanding of which aspects are most important to providing ES to better inform approaches to its conservation. Here, we focus on the cultural ES of hiking in Wales, UK. Harnessing big data from the social media website Flickr, we used the locations of geotagged images of hiking and a range of spatial layers representing geodiversity, biodiversity and anthropogenic predictor variables in habitat suitability models. To gain a deeper understanding of the role of geodiversity in driving the distribution of this cultural service, we estimated the strength and nature of the relationship of each geodiversity, biodiversity and anthropogenic indicator with hiking. Our models show that three geodiversity (distance from coast, range in slope and range in elevation) and two anthropogenic (distance from greenspace access point and distance from road) variables were the most important drivers of hiking. Furthermore, we assessed the content of the images to understand which features of geodiversity people interact with while hiking. We found that people generally take images of geomorphological and hydrological features, such as mountains and lakes. Through understanding the geodiversity, biodiversity and anthropogenic drivers of hiking in Wales, as well as identifying the geodiversity features people interact with while hiking, this analysis can help to inform future geoconservation methods by focusing efforts on these important features.
Specification of Row Pattern Recognition in the SQL Standard and its Implementations
Authors: Petković Dušan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecently, the SQL standardization Committee published a specification for support of the concept called Row Pattern Recognition in SQL. That way, the focus for the members of the Committee turned back to a kernel issue of the language, after standardizing the storage and manipulation of data formats, such as XML and JSON. In this paper we discuss the specified features using several examples and show to what extent different relational database systems as well as Data Analytics tools have integrated them. At the end of the paper, we describe the main inaccuracies of the proposal and the ways how to solve them. From our point of view, the following should be modified in one of the future proposals of the standard in relation to this concept: (a) Naming of several pattern navigation operations is inappropriate and should be changed; (b) The concept of implicit definition for row pattern variables in DEFINE should be changed to explicit; (c) The set of existing functions should be extended.
Numerical Investigation of Slurry Pressure Drop at Different Pipe Roughness in a Straight Pipe Using CFD
Authors: Joshi Tanuj , Parkash Om , Krishan Gopal 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSlurry flow (water–glass beads) through a horizontal pipe of diameter, 0.0549 m and length, 3.8 m with two particle sizes, i.e., 125- and 440-micron, has been numerically modeled and investigated based on the kinetic theory of slurry transportation. The effect of particles interaction on the pipe flow characteristics such as velocity profile, wall shear stress, vector regime, granular pressure and temperature has been evaluated at different solid concentration and flow velocity range. It is well established that the pressure drop is the key parameter for the design of efficient slurry pipeline system, which is influenced by factors such as flow velocity, slurry viscosity, solid concentration, pipe material and pipe geometry. However, to best of our knowledge, the estimation of pressure drop at different pipe roughness height and a concentration range of 40–60% is not yet established. Therefore, in the present work, the numerical simulation is carried out for slurry flow through a horizontal pipeline at different roughness heights (Rh = 10–50 micron) and Prandtl numbers, i.e., 1.34, 2.14, 3.42 and 5.83. The kinetic parameters are calculated at a flow velocity (Vm) of 1–5 ms−1 and solid concentration (Cw) range of 40–60%. The results and procedure of the current simulation are validated against the available experimental results in the literature. The outcomes of the present work reveals that pressure drop increases with increase in pipe roughness height for the chosen velocity and solid concentration range. In addition, the larger particle is found to have more influence on the pressure, velocity, temperature distribution for the entire range of flow velocity and solid concentration. Furthermore, settling velocity and specific energy consumption are also predicted and discussed through the slurry pipeline. The findings show that the settling velocity of particle increases with increase in particle size at different Prandtl number. The energy efficiency for solid transportation through pipeline at different Prandtl numbers and particle size are also evaluated. Based on the results, it is concluded that specific energy efficiency varies with solid concentration and particle size, i.e., higher concentration and larger particle size demonstrates higher energy consumption. Furthermore, fluid at low Prandtl number exhibits higher energy consumptions. In order to design the efficient slurry pipeline system, it is recommended that the slurry must be transported at low velocity and high Prandtl number.
A 2-year retrospective analysis of the prognostic value of MqSOFA compared to lactate, NEWS and qSOFA in patients with sepsis
Authors: Guarino Matteo , Perna Benedetta , De Giorgi Alfredo , Gambuti Edoardo , Alfano Franco , Catanese Elisa Maria , Volpato Stefano , Strada Andrea , Caio Giacomo , Contini Carlo , De Giorgio Roberto 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeSepsis is a life-threating organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Being a time-dependent condition, the present study aims to compare a recently established score, i.e., modified quick SOFA (MqSOFA), with other existing tools commonly applied to predict in-hospital mortality.MethodsAll cases of sepsis and septic shock consecutively observed at St. Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, Italy, from January 2017 to December 2018 were included in this study. Each patient was evaluated with MqSOFA, lactate assay, NEWS and qSOFA. Accurate statistical and logistic regression analyses were applied to our database.ResultsA total of 1001 consecutive patients with sepsis/septic shock were retrieved. Among them, 444 were excluded for incomplete details about vital parameters; thus, 556 patients were eligible for the study. Data analysis showed that MqSOFA, NEWS and lactate assay provided a better predictive ability than qSOFA in terms of in-hospital mortality (p < 0.001). Aetiology-based stratification in 5 subgroups demonstrated the superiority of NEWS vs. other tools in predicting fatal outcomes (p = 0.030 respiratory,p = 0.036 urinary,p = 0.044 abdominal,p = 0.047 miscellaneous andp = 0.041 for indeterminate causes). After Bonferroni’s correction, MqSOFA was superior to qSOFA over respiratory (p < 0.001) and urinary (p < 0.001) aetiologies. Age was an independent factor for negative outcomes (p < 0.001).ConclusionsMqSOFA, NEWS and lactate assay better predicted in-hospital mortality compared to qSOFA. Since sepsis needs a time-dependent assessment, an easier and non-invasive score, i.e., MqSOFA, could be used to establish patients’ outcome in the emergency setting.
Bridging cognitive, phenomenological and psychodynamic approaches to eating disorders
Authors: Castellini Giovanni , Cassioli Emanuele , Rossi Eleonora , Mancini Milena , Ricca Valdo , Stanghellini Giovanni 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCognitive, psychodynamic, and phenomenological scholars converged their attention on abnormal bodily phenomena as the core psychopathological feature of eating disorders (EDs). While cognitive approaches focus their attention on a need for “objective” (i.e., observable, measurable) variables (including behaviours and distorted cognitions), the phenomenological exploration typically targets descriptions of persons’ lived experience. According to a new emerging phenomenological perspective, the classic behavioural and cognitive symptoms of EDs should be considered as epiphenomena of a deeper core represented by a disorder of the embodiment. The cognitive–behavioural model is the most studied and, up till now, clinically efficacious treatment for EDs. However, as any coherent and scientifically grounded model, it presents some limitations in its application. Numerous patients report a chronic course, do not respond to treatment and develop a personality structure based on pathological eating behaviours, since “being anorexic” becomes a new identity for the person. Furthermore, the etiopathogenetic trajectory of EDs influences the treatment response: for example, patients reporting childhood abuse or maltreatment respond differently to cognitive-behavioural therapy. To obtain a deeper comprehension of these disorders, it seems important to shift attention from abnormal eating behaviours to more complex and subtle psycho(patho)logical features, especially experiential ones. This characterisation represents the unavoidable premise for the identification of new therapeutic targets and consequently for an improvement of the outcome of these severe disorders. Thus, the present review aims to provide an integrated view of cognitive, psychodynamic, and phenomenological perspectives on EDs, suggesting new therapeutic targets and intervention strategies based on this integrated model. Level of Evidence: Level V.Level of evidence Level V: Opinions of authorities, based on descriptive studies, narrative reviews, clinical experience, or
reports of expert committees.