bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fosfolipases A2 de peçonhas ofídicas: Atualização sobre purificação, caracterização biológica e aplicação biotecnológica
Authors: Bomfim Matheus Azevedo , Silva Wilson Antonio da , Correia Juliana Mendes 
Published: June 2022

O ofidismo é responsável por cerca de 1,8 a 2,7 milhões de casos de envenenamentos ao ano, sendo a compreensão dos mecanismos biológicos responsáveis pela sua neurotoxicidade imprescindível para o manejo terapêutico. Entre a diversidade de moléculas que compõem a peçonha das serpentes existem as fosfolipase A2, família enzimática responsável pela produção de uma gama de quadros patológicos, incluindo a miotoxicidade, cardiotoxicidade e neurotoxicidade. O presente trabalho, realizado por meio da metodologia de revisão integrativa de literatura, visa identificar e indicar os principais avanços dos últimos 10 anos referentes à caracterização e o entendimento da ação neurotóxica originada das fosfolipases A2 provindas da peçonha de serpentes, no que tange o campo da toxicologia. Os principais progressos identificados corresponderam a compreensão de que a atividade neurotóxica da B. bilineata smargadina é fundamentada na ação da PLA2 Bbil-TX, comprovação da dependência da PhTX-II por cálcio para sua ação, identificação da ocorrência da ação neurotóxica muscular da BP-13 na região do sarcolema, determinação da subunidade da crotoxina atuante como regulador do receptor GLIC e identificação da seletividade da MiDCA1 por canais específicos de potássio. O avanço na compreensão desse grupo enzimático corresponde a parte do percurso necessário para o desenvolvimento de terapêuticas tendo como alvo as PLA2 e possíveis aplicações biotecnológicas dessas biomoléculas.
DESIGN OF WHEELCHAIR JIG AND FIXTURE IN WHEELCAIR ELECTRIC CAR
Authors: Subkhan Subkhan , Anggry Adhe 
Published: June 2022

Disebutkan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2016 Tentang Penyandang Disabilitas pada pasal 23 bahwa penyandang disabilitas memiliki hak hidup secara mandiri dan dilibatkan dalam bermasyarakat yang salah satunya meliputi hak mobilitas pribadi dengan penyediaan alat bantu dan kemudahan untuk mendapat akses. Berbagai teknologi telah dikembangkan salah satunya adalah mobil pengguna kursi roda (Wheelchair car) dan modifikasi kendaraan. Modifikasi yang sudah ada membutuhkan waktu lebih dari 20 detik dari mulai membuka pintu masuk ke kendaraan hingga siap pada posisi menyalakan mesin.
Rancangan Jig dengan Batang Pengarah dan Fixture dengan Locator System dengan penguncian kursi roda memanfaatkan pintu yang menutup menghasilkan rata-rata waktu akses masuk sebesar 8 detik. Catatan ini 7 detik lebih cepat dari rata-rata waktu pada kendaraan modifikasi, dan 4 detik lebih lama dari manusia normal dengan mobil biasa.
Integrating Self-Management Education and Support in Routine Care of People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Conceptional Model Based on Critical Interpretive Synthesis and A Consensus-Building Participatory Consultation
Authors: Huber Claudia , Montreuil Chantal , Christie Derek , Forbes Angus 
Published: June 2022

The integration of self-management education and support into the routine diabetes care is essential in preventing complications. Currently, however, there is no consensus on how to conceptualise integration in relation to self-management education and support. Therefore, this synthesis presents a framework conceptualising integration and self-management.MethodsSeven electronic databases (Medline, HMIC, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ERIC, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched. Twenty-one articles met the inclusion criteria. Data were synthesised using principles of critical interpretive synthesis to build the conceptual framework. The framework was presented to 49 diabetes specialist nurses working at different levels of care during a multilingual workshop.ResultsA conceptual framework is proposed in which integration is influenced by five interacting components: the programme ethos of the diabetes self-management education and support intervention (content and delivery), care system organisation (the framework in which such interventions are delivered), adapting to context (the aspects of the people receiving and delivering the interventions), interpersonal relationship (the interactions between the deliverer and receiver of the intervention), and shared learning (what deliverer and receiver gain from the interactions). The critical inputs from the workshop participants related to the different priorities given to the components according to their sociolinguistic and educational experiences, Overall, they agreed with the conceptualisation of the components and their content specific to diabetes self-management education and support.DiscussionIntegration was conceptualised in terms of the relational, ethical, learning, contextual adapting, and systemic organisational aspects of the intervention. It remains uncertain which prioritised interactions of components and to what extent these may moderate the integration of self-management education and support into routine care; in turn, the level of integration observed in each of the components may moderate the impact of these interventions, which may also apply to the impact of the professional training.ConclusionThis synthesis provides a theoretical framework that conceptualises integration in the context of diabetes self-management education and support in routine care. More research is required to evaluate how the components identified in the framework can be addressed in clinical practice to assess whether improvements in self-management education and support can be effectively realised in this population.
ANOM Approach for Statistical Evaluation of Some Antioxidant Enzyme Activities
Authors: Demir Canan , Keskin Sıddık , Şen Fatih 
Published: June 2022

Free radicals are chemical molecules that are more reactive and have an unpaired electron. Free radicals formed inside the cell oxidize biomolecules, leading to cell death and tissue damage. Antioxidants are molecules that can stabilize or inactivate free radicals before they damage the cell. In this study; the availability of Malondialdehyde, Superoxide dismutase, Catalase and Reduced glutathione levels as markers for related diseases was evaluated by examining whether and in what range they may vary in some diseases. In study, nine groups consist of prostate cancer, cirrhosis, liver transplantation, chronic kidney damage, acute kidney injury, X-ray exposure, CT exposure, MR exposure and Osteonecrosis. Analysis of means is a method developed to compare group means with the overall mean and presents the results graphically in an easy-to-understand manner without the required for any post hoc test. In addition, related characteristics were categorized as “low and high” and Nonlinear Principal Component Analysis was conducted to visually present their relationship with related disease types in two-dimensional space. The upper and lower decision lines were found 3.123 and 2.794 μmol/L, respectively for Malondialdehyde. Those with cirrhosis, chronic kidney disease, acute kidney disease and tomography exposure were included in the upper and lower decision lines. Those with prostate cancer, osteonecrosis, and X-ray exposure were above the upper decision line and are found higher than the overall mean. Those with lung transplantation and MR exposure appear to be below the lower decision line and lower than the overall mean. The present study provides the first comprehensive assessment of the availability of Malondialdehyde, Superoxide dismutase, Catalase and Reduced glutathione levels as markers for some related diseases. This study has shown that Analysis of means can be used as an alternative graphical procedure for multiple group comparisons with an overall mean in the studies regarding as biochemical characteristics and relating diseases. In addition, Nonlinear Principal Component Analysis can be useful aid for decision marker in some biochemical characteristics and related diseases.
Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Ruptured Plaques in Native Arteries and Neoatherosclerotic Segments: An OCT-Based and Computational Fluid Dynamics Study
Authors: Jin Chongying , Torii Ryo , Ramasamy Anantharaman , Tufaro Vincenzo , Little Callum D. , Konstantinou Klio , Tan Yi Ying , Yap Nathan A. L. , Cooper Jackie , Crake Tom , O’Mahony Constantinos , Rakhit Roby , Egred Mohaned , Ahmed Javed , Karamasis Grigoris , Räber Lorenz , Baumbach Andreas , Mathur Anthony , Bourantas Christos V. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundIntravascular imaging has been used to assess the morphology of lesions causing an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in native vessels (NV) and identify differences between plaques that ruptured (PR) and caused an event and those that ruptured without clinical manifestations. However, there is no data about the morphological and physiological characteristics of neoatherosclerotic plaques that ruptured (PR-NA) which constitute a common cause of stent failure.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from patients admitted with an acute myocardial infarction that had optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of the culprit vessel before balloon pre-dilation. OCT pullbacks showing PR were segmented at every 0.4 mm. The extent of the formed cavity, lipid and calcific tissue, thrombus, and macrophages were measured, and the fibrous cap thickness (FCT) and the incidence of micro-channels and cholesterol crystals were reported. These data were used to reconstruct a representative model of the native and neoatherosclerotic lesion geometry that was processed with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques to estimate the distribution of the endothelial shear stress and plaque structural stress.ResultEighty patients were included in the present analysis: 56 had PR in NV (PR-NV group) and 24 in NA segments (PR-NA group). The PR-NV group had a larger minimum lumen area (2.93 ± 2.03 vs. 2.00 ± 1.26 mm2, p = 0.015) but similar lesion length and area stenosis compared to PR-NA group. The mean FCT (186 ± 65 vs. 232 ± 80 μm, p = 0.009) and the lipid index was smaller (16.7 ± 13.8 vs. 25.9 ± 14.1, p = 0.008) while the of calcific index (8.3 ± 9.5 vs. 2.2 ± 1.6%, p = 0.002) and the incidence of micro-channels (41.4 vs. 12.5%, p = 0.013) was higher in the PR-NV group. Conversely, there was no difference in the incidence of cholesterol crystals, thrombus burden or the location of the rupture site between groups. CFD analysis revealed higher maximum endothelial shear stress (19.1 vs. 11.0 Pa) and lower maximum plaque structural stress (38.8 vs. 95.1 kPa) in the PR-NA compared to the PR-NV model.ConclusionWe reported significant morphological and physiological differences between culprit ruptured plaques in native and stented segments. Further research is needed to better understand the causes of these differences and the mechanisms regulating neoatherosclerotic lesion destabilization.
Decrease in Fishery Yields in Response to Hydrological Alterations in the Largest Floodplain Lake (Poyang Lake) in China
Authors: Li Mingzheng , Liu Chang , Liu Fei , Wang Jianwei , Liu Huanzhang 
Published: June 2022

Habitat degradation has caused reduction in fishery yields in many freshwater ecosystems, particularly recession of water levels in natural lakes. Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake and one of the most exploited regions in China, has exhibited a dramatic variation in the water level for decades, especially after the operation of the Three Gorges Dam. We evaluated the long-term dynamics of fishery yields and the relationship to hydrological variability of Poyang Lake from 1990 to 2016. There was a strong positive effect on the annual maximum water level (Hmax), the minimum water level in April (HMmin4), the maximum water level in August (HMmax8), the average water level in October (HMmean10), and the number of days when the water level was above the wet threshold (Wetdays) on fishery yields. The all-subsets regression model identified the best variable combination subset which contains eight hydrological variables (R2 = 0.9493), and the HMmin4, HMmax8, and HMmean10 variables were the most important variable predictor for fishery yields (contributing to 63.03% of the explained variability). The Mann–Kendall test showed that the time series of the fishery yield of Poyang Lake had significant decreasing trends over the past few decades. Moreover, Wetdays, HMmin4, and HMmean10 also showed significantly decreasing abrupt changes, and the abrupt changes’ time of HMmean10 was the same as that of the fishery yield in 2005. The mean fishery yield and HMmean10 dropped from 42,581 tonnes and 14.15 m during 1990–2005 to 27,464 tonnes and 11.78 m during 2006–2016, respectively. This study is critical for implementing effective strategies for the protection of fish resources and lake ecosystems.
Case Report: Acquired Generalized Anhidrosis Caused by Brain Tumor: Review of the Literature
Authors: Kawahara Kohei , Shimomura Yasuto , Oshima Yuichiro , Watanabe Tadashi , Hori Toshinori , Okumura Akihisa , Iwayama Hideyuki 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThere has been limited focus on sweating failure in patients with brain tumor. We report two patients with generalized anhidrosis caused by germinoma. We also review previous reports of generalized anhidrosis due to brain tumor.Case ReportsPatient 1 was a 12-year-old boy with repetitive heat shock-like episodes even in winter. Based on Minor’s test, he was diagnosed with generalized anhidrosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed the absence of high signal intensity of the posterior pituitary. He was initially diagnosed with central diabetes insipidus. However, an MRI scan performed after 3 months revealed an enlarged pituitary stalk. He was finally diagnosed with germinoma by pituitary biopsy. After chemotherapy and radiation, sweating was partially resolved. Patient 2 was a 12-year-old girl with growth hormone deficiency and generalized anhidrosis. She was diagnosed with germinoma based on MRI and pituitary biopsy findings. After chemotherapy and radiation, the sweating resolved completely.DiscussionIn our literature search, we identified four patients with anhidrosis due to brain tumor, including our cases. All patients had germinoma and continued to require hormone replacement therapy after treatment of germinoma. Two patients with incomplete recovery of sweating had the involvement in the hypothalamus, whereas one patient with complete recovery showed a lack of evident hypothalamic involvement. Improvement in sweating in one patient was not described.ConclusionGerminoma can cause anhidrosis, and involvement in the hypothalamus may be relevant to incomplete recovery of sweating.
Analysis of Risk Factors Associated With Central Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma With cT1N0 Stage
Authors: Zhao Yin-zhu , He Nian-an , Ye Xian-jun , Jin Fu , Li Meng-xue , Jiang Xianxian 
Published: June 2022

AimAnnual T1 stage papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) incidence rates continue to rise, yet the optimal treatment for this cancer type remains controversial. Central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) is a critical determinant in the context of treatment decision-making. While several prior studies have evaluated patients with clinica l T1a(cT1a) stage PTC, there have been fewer analyses of clinical T1b(cT1b) disease to date. The present study was thus formulated to explore predictors of CLNM in patients with cT1a and cT1b stage PTC.MethodsA retrospective analysis of data including clinicopathological characteristics and BRAFV600E mutation status was conducted for 452 PTC patients undergoing surgical treatment. Logistic univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with CLNM in particular patients’ characteristics and the accuracy of the established logistic regression models was evaluated using the R software platform.ResultsRespective CLNM incidence rates in cT1a and cT1b disease were 39.39% and 67.21%. Factors associated with a higher risk of CLNM among PTC(cT1a) patients included male sex, young age, tumor size, contact with capsule, and multifocality as determined through comparisons of the area under the curve for logistic regression models. Whereas male sex and age were associated with CLNM risk in PTC(cT1b) patients in univariate and multivariate analyses, age was the only risk factor associated with CLNM incidence among women with PTC(cT1b).ConclusionPredictors of CLNM differ between PTC patients with cT1a and cT1b stage disease, and a comprehensive assessment of these risk factors should thus be conducted when designing individualized treatment regimens for PTC patients.
Insulin Degludec Versus Insulin Glargine on Glycemic Variability in Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Yang Yunjiao , Long Cong , Li Tongyi , Chen Qiu 
Published: June 2022

Background/AimsCurrently, glycemic variability has more deleterious effects than sustained hyperglycemia and is closely associated with acute and chronic complications of diabetes. Reducing glycemic excursion is becoming another vital goal of glycemic control in clinical practice. This study aimed to determine whether insulin degludec (IDeg) or insulin glargine (IGla) was more beneficial for reducing glycemic fluctuations.Materials and MethodsThis research was constructed according to the PRISMA guidelines. We searched eight databases and ClinicalTrials.gov from their inception to 30 November 2021. All randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy of glucose variability between IDeg and IGla in diabetic patients were included.ResultsFourteen trials with 8,683 participants were included. In patients with T1DM, IDeg was associated with a lower mean (MD: −16.25, 95% CI −29.02 to −3.07, P = 0.01) and standard deviation (P = 0.03) compared to IGla in fasting blood glucose (FBG); in people with T2DM, IDeg was related to a lower mean of FBG versus insulin glargine 100 U/ml (IGla100) (P &lt;0.001) and had a more extended time in the range (TIR) than IGla100 (SMD: 0.15, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.27, P = 0.02) but not longer than insulin glargine 300 U/ml (IGla300). Moreover, IDeg had a lower coefficient of variation of FBG than IGla (P = 0.0254). For other indicators of glycemic variability, namely, standard deviation of blood glucose for 24 h, the mean of 24-h blood glucose, mean amplitude of glycemic excursion, the coefficient of variation for 24 h, the mean of daily differences, area under the glucose curve, and M-value, no significant differences were identified between IDeg and IGla, regardless of T1DM or T2DM.ConclusionsBased on the current studies, there was comparable efficacy between IDeg and IGla from multiple aspects of glycemic variability, regardless of T1DM or T2DM. However, IDeg may be superior to IGla in reducing FBG variability in T1DM and T2DM. Nonetheless, due to the limitations of the original studies, it is still unclear whether IDeg is superior to both IGla100 and IGla300. In T2DM, IDeg had more extended TIR than IGla100 but not longer than IGla300. Additionally, more well-designed randomized controlled trials comparing IDeg with IGla300 for different indicators of glycemic variability are still warranted.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO, CRD42021283203.
Heterologous Production and Evaluation of the Biological Activity of Cystatin-B From the Red Piranha Pygocentrus nattereri
Authors: Ramirez Merlano Juan Antonio , Almeida Daniela Volcan 
Published: June 2022

Cystatin proteins are known to form a superfamily of cysteine protease inhibitors, which play a key role in protein degradation and are related to different physiological processes, such as development and immunity. Currently, numerous immunoregulatory proteins, such as cystatins, are being used in the control and prevention of diseases in aquaculture. Thus, the objective of this study was to produce recombinant cystatin (rCYST-B) from the red piranhaPygocentrus nattereriand to evaluate its effect on bacterial growth. The gene that encodes cystatin-B was isolated from the spleen ofP. nattereriand cloned in an expression system. The protein was produced via a heterologous system involving the yeastPichia pastorisX-33. The inhibitory activity of purified cystatin-B was evaluated on papain using different concentrations (0–80.0 μg/μL) of rCYST-B. The bacteriostatic action of the protein was evaluated using theKirby-Bauermethod on the growth ofEscherichia coliandBacillus subtilis. rCYST-B showed 100% inhibition at a concentration of 60 μg/μL. Moreover, the bacteriostatic activity ofE. coliandB. subtilisshowed inhibition of 40.36 and 49.08% compared to the negative control (phosphate buffer), respectively. These results suggest that recombinant CYST-B has biotechnological potential for use in aquaculture.
Longitudinal Study of DNA Methylation and Epigenetic Clocks Prior to and Following Test-Confirmed COVID-19 and mRNA Vaccination
Authors: Pang Alina P. S. , Higgins-Chen Albert T. , Comite Florence , Raica Ioana , Arboleda Christopher , Went Hannah , Mendez Tavis , Schotsaert Michael , Dwaraka Varun , Smith Ryan , Levine Morgan E. , Ndhlovu Lishomwa C. , Corley Michael J. 
Published: June 2022

The host epigenetic landscape rapidly changes during SARS-CoV-2 infection, and evidence suggest that severe COVID-19 is associated with durable scars to the epigenome. Specifically, aberrant DNA methylation changes in immune cells and alterations to epigenetic clocks in blood relate to severe COVID-19. However, a longitudinal assessment of DNA methylation states and epigenetic clocks in blood from healthy individuals prior to and following test-confirmed non-hospitalized COVID-19 has not been performed. Moreover, the impact of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines upon the host epigenome remains understudied. Here, we first examined DNA methylation states in the blood of 21 participants prior to and following test-confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis at a median time frame of 8.35 weeks; 756 CpGs were identified as differentially methylated following COVID-19 diagnosis in blood at an FDR adjusted p-value &lt; 0.05. These CpGs were enriched in the gene body, and the northern and southern shelf regions of genes involved in metabolic pathways. Integrative analysis revealed overlap among genes identified in transcriptional SARS-CoV-2 infection datasets. Principal component-based epigenetic clock estimates of PhenoAge and GrimAge significantly increased in people over 50 following infection by an average of 2.1 and 0.84 years. In contrast, PCPhenoAge significantly decreased in people fewer than 50 following infection by an average of 2.06 years. This observed divergence in epigenetic clocks following COVID-19 was related to age and immune cell-type compositional changes in CD4+ T cells, B cells, granulocytes, plasmablasts, exhausted T cells, and naïve T cells. Complementary longitudinal epigenetic clock analyses of 36 participants prior to and following Pfizer and Moderna mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination revealed that vaccination significantly reduced principal component-based Horvath epigenetic clock estimates in people over 50 by an average of 3.91 years for those who received Moderna. This reduction in epigenetic clock estimates was significantly related to chronological age and immune cell-type compositional changes in B cells and plasmablasts pre- and post-vaccination. These findings suggest the potential utility of epigenetic clocks as a biomarker of COVID-19 vaccine responses. Future research will need to unravel the significance and durability of short-term changes in epigenetic age related to COVID-19 exposure and mRNA vaccination.