bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Overlooked Charge‐Transfer Interaction in the Interfacial Triplet–Triplet Upconversion Process in Blue Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Ba , Nakanotani Hajime , Adachi Chihaya 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTwo low‐energy triplets can generate one singlet via triplet–triplet upconversion (TTU), and result in an exciton production yield exceeding 25% in conventional fluorescence‐based organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). In most cases, since such low‐energy triplets induce no serious OLED degradation, TTU‐OLEDs are the only commercialized blue OLEDs so far. Herein, it is clarified that the charge‐transfer (CT) interaction at a hole‐transport/emitter‐layer interface is an overlooked pathway to enhance TTU yield significantly. First, a small energy offset at the interface enables the formation of a high‐energy CT exciton. Second, the lower energy triplet state originated from an anthracene moiety in the emitter layer collects the interfacial triplet CT. Third, due to the high‐density interfacial triplets formation, TTU at the interface contributes to the electroluminescence from the emitter layer or blue dopants even at low current density. This finding underlines the important role of the CT interface to exploit the full potential of TTU in pure‐blue OLEDs.
Quasicrystalline Arrays and Moiré Patterns in Nematic Liquid Crystals for Soft Photonics
Authors: Kim MinSu , Serra Francesca 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe search for new strategies for large‐scale, self‐assembled arrays of soft objects is key for many applications in photonics and bottom‐up manufacturing. This work shows how liquid crystal topological defects can be assembled in controlled, aperiodic arrays. In particular, the focus is on two typical examples: quasicrystals and moiré patterns. Thanks to a combination of topographical cues, specifically a micropillar array and electrical switching, defects can be assembled in a quasicrystal structure, as seen from polarized optical microscopy and from diffraction patterns. In this setting, the liquid crystal defects assemble in multiple patterns that can be switched by tuning the applied electric field and retain the quasicrystalline symmetry. Using topographic cues, it is also possible to induce moiré patterns of defects, characterized by a long wavelength superimposed on the periodic structures over a short scale. Even when the defect density increases and the short‐scale periodicity is lost, the long‐scale one remains. This work shows how versatile the combination of topographic confinement and electro‐optic effect is, giving access to patterns that are otherwise difficult to realize.
Chiral Exciplex Acceptor Enables Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence with High Dissymmetry Factor Close to 10−2
Authors: Gu Qing , Chen Zijian , Xie Wentao , Qiu Weidong , Peng Xiaomei , Jiao Yihang , Li Mengke , Liu Zhe , Sun Guanwei , Lu Yanfei , Gan Yiyang , Liu Kunkun , Zhao Zujin , Su Shi‐Jian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractChirality is a magical property that exists in nature universally, ranging from the spin of microscopic electrons to the galaxies. Furthermore, circularly polarized organic electroluminescent materials have promising prospects in improving the brightness of displays, but there are still some problems. At present, most of chiral thermally activated delayed fluorescence small molecules show relatively low circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) dissymmetry factors between 10−4 and 10−3 because of the electric dipole‐allowed but magnetic dipole‐forbidden transition of the singlet state. In this work, a promising strategy is reported for constructing chiral exciplex systems with a chiral electron acceptor and a regular achiral donor to achieve high CPL dissymmetry factors in both photoluminescence and electroluminescence. From theoretical calculation results, the exciplex systems possess a large separation of the highest occupied molecular orbital and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital in donor and acceptor molecules, respectively, which results in comparable electric and magnetic transition dipole moments. The resultant CPL organic light‐emitting diodes based on the exciplex systems as emitters show low turn‐on voltage of 2.4 V, high external quantum efficiencies of 12.7% and 9.3%, and opposite circularly polarized electroluminescence with high dissymmetry factors (gEL) of +7.25 × 10−3 and −9.89 × 10−3.
Magneto‐hydrodynamic mixing: A new technique for preparing carbomer hydrogels
Authors: Houlleberghs Maarten , Verheyden Loes , Voorspoels Filip , Chandran C. Vinod , Duerinckx Karel , Radhakrishnan Sambhu , Martens Johan A. , Breynaert Eric 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMagnetohydrodynamic mixing was evaluated as an alternative to conventional high shear mixing (HSM) in the preparation of carbomer hydrogels containing 1.22 wt% Carbopol® 980 NF. Neutralization of the carbomer dispersion (pH = 2.74) with triethanolamine (TEA) enabled to adjust the pH of the mixture and tune the viscosity of the hydrogel. Using HSM, this approach was limited to 0.2 wt% TEA (pH = 3.83) as the gel became too viscous and the recirculation flow dropped from 12 to 0.3 m3/h. Magnetohydrodynamic mixing enabled to reach TEA concentrations up to 1.0 wt% (pH = 5.31). Apparent viscosity measurements on samples having 0.2 wt% TEA revealed lower viscosities for carbomer hydrogels prepared with HSM, that is, 6800 mPa s versus 8800 mPa for magneto‐hydrodynamic mixing. Based on 1H NMR evidence, this decrease in apparent viscosity was attributed to structural damage to the carbomer backbone in combination with mechanochemical degradation of the added TEA.
Polyvinylidene fluoride/polysulfone/air plasma defected hexagonal boron nitride emerging nano blends for electrostatic dissipation
Authors: Humbe Shankar S. , Joshi Girish M. , Deshmukh Rajendrasingh R. , Kaleemulla Shaik 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the present era electrostatic dissipation (ESD) property is crucial for packaged electronic device to protect from humidity over long duration. It was important to control the ESD for better integrated packaged electronic gadgets. Polymer blends and composites were modified with nano fillers as a promising area for ESD applications. In the present investigation, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/polysulfone (PSF) was modified by untreated (UT) and air plasma treated (PT) hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) by solution dispersion method. Spherulitic morphology of nano blends was foreseen through scanning electron microscopy. Surface topography was investigated by atomic force microscopy. Surface roughness was decreased due to plasma exposure. Phonon vibrations and Raman active mode of nano blends were confirmed by Raman spectroscopy mutually supporting ESD phenomenon. Increased electrical conductivity and semicircular impedance pattern of modified blends reveals an excellent ESD property disclosed by impedance spectroscopy. Moderate increased surface energy and decreased relative contact angle of modified blends may be due to the incorporation of polar groups during plasma exposure was confirmed by surface goniometer. Mechanical properties of nano blends were evaluated by universal testing machine. Increased 10–27% tensile strength and 34–55% Young's modulus of plasma treated admix composition. Softness of polymer nano blends was increased (20%) due to excellent interaction of filler and polymer host system were tested by Shore “A” durometer. Increased glass transition temperature (Tg = 16 and 30°C as function of treatment time) in view of thermal stability of modified nano blends were analyzed by thermogravimetric technique. Hence the PT h‐BN dispersed PVDF/PSF emerging polymer nano blends would be a choice for the new development for electrostatic dissipation applications.
Popular political attitudes in Samoa: Findings of the Pacific Attitudes Survey
Authors: Leach Michael , Barbara Julien , Chan Mow Ioana , Vaai Sina , Mudaliar Christopher , Amosa Patila , Mataia Louise , Tauaa Susana , Imo Taema , Heem Vernetta 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPopular political attitudes surveys have been conducted globally for several decades, but the Pacific region remains an exception. This paper presents the findings of the first Pacific Attitudes Survey (PAS), conducted in Samoa from December 2020‐January 2021. Drawing on a nationally representative sample of Samoans of voting‐age (n = 1319) the PAS gauges the attitudes of ordinary Samoans to their democracy, levels of popular trust in institutions, attitudes towards the role of government, and to women's participation in politics. Findings reveal high levels of support for democracy and trust in democratic institutions. At the same time, popular political attitudes highlight a distinct model of Samoan democracy, in which respect for modern democratic norms is tempered and entwined with deeper traditions of Samoan community and identity.
Interval estimation and fault detection for switched nonlinear systems based on zonotope method
Authors: Li Cuicui , Zhu Fanglai , Guo Shenghui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the state interval estimation and fault detection (FD) problems for a Lipschitz nonlinear switched system based on the combination of the
observer and the zonotope method. To begin with, an
observer that is robust to the disturbance is designed, and the stability of the observer error dynamic system is analyzed under the average dwell time (ADT) concept. After this, the zonotope theory is applied on the
observer error dynamic system such that the interval state estimation can be calculated iteratively when the system suffers from no fault. Furthermore, for FD purpose, a residual is constructed based on the
observer. Because the constructed residual contains disturbance, it cannot be used for FD directly. To overcome this drawback, the interval estimation method of the residual is proposed by using the zonotope method, and a residual‐based FD scheme is developed. Finally, a simulation example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Impact of pipe material, operation, and disinfectant on cold water plumbing microbiology
Authors: McCuin Randi M. , Masters Sheldon V. , Bartrand Timothy A. , Clancy Jennifer L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study examined the effects of pipe materials, pipe diameters, frequency of use, and disinfectant types on the water quality microbiology in experimental pipe rack systems. Two pipe rack systems were installed in buildings in Colorado (CO) and Pennsylvania (PA) and sampled for 8–9 months of operation, respectively, under simulated high and low use conditions. Opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens including Legionella pneumophila, nontuberculous mycobacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and free‐living amoebae (FLA) were the target organisms. Disinfectant type (free chlorine vs. chloramine) and use frequency (flushed every 12 h vs. weekly) had the greatest impact on bulk water microbiology. Under low use conditions, neither system had detectable disinfectant residual but under high use, residual was detected. Heterotrophic plate count bacteria predominated in the free chlorine system while nontuberculous mycobacteria were predominant in the chloraminated system. P. aeruginosa and FLA were not detected in the free chlorine system and legionellae were not detected in either system.
Ökologische Effizienz von Hochbaudecken – Aktuelle Systeme und Zukunftspotenzial
Authors: Warter Lukas , Kromoser Benjamin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDie Bauindustrie zählt zu den einflussreichsten Branchen hinsichtlich des anthropogenen Ressourcen‐ und Energieverbrauchs sowie des anfallenden Feststoffmülls (≥ 38 %). Die Entwicklung und Verwendung von Bauweisen und Baustoffen mit minimalem Umwelteinfluss über den gesamten Lebenszyklus ist somit von höchster Relevanz. Um den ökologischen Einfluss von Bauweisen und Baustoffen quantifizieren zu können, muss eine faktenbasierte Ökobilanzierung durchgeführt werden. Gegenwärtig ist dies meist nicht der Fall und objektive Vergleiche fehlen. Im Hochbau haben besonders Deckensysteme großen Einfluss auf die Gesamtbilanz der Tragstruktur. Deswegen widmet sich dieser Beitrag dem ökologischen Vergleich von unterschiedlichen Deckensystemen im Hochbau in Anlehnung an die EN 15804 und die EN 15978. Die Systemgrenzen sind mit den Lebenszyklusphasen Cradle‐to‐Gate und Cradle‐to‐Grave festgelegt worden. Insgesamt werden neun unterschiedliche Deckenarten aus Holz, Stahl, Beton wie auch deren Kombinationen im Rahmen unterschiedlicher statischer Systeme betrachtet. Alle Systeme wurden nach gängiger Ingenieurpraxis für die gegebenen Randbedingungen nach den aktuell gültigen Normen (ÖNORM, Eurocode) möglichst effizient dimensioniert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass mit allen betrachteten Materialien ökologisch konkurrenzfähige Systeme umgesetzt werden können. Zentral sind jeweils ein Einsatz der Materialien entsprechend deren Eigenschaften und die Optimierung der Struktur sowie des Tragsystems.
Self‐assembly of covalent porphyrin compound and its enhanced electrochemiluminescence performance
Authors: Zhu Wen‐Kai , Cai Wen‐Rong , Yin Zhen‐Zhi , Cheng Ming‐Jie , Kong Yong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA novel Zn‐coordination covalent porphyrin assembly (TCPP‐BZA‐Zn) is designed. The assembly structure is synthesized through the amidation reaction between the porphyrin terminal carboxyl group and the amino group of benzylamine (BZA), and further assembled through π–π stacking. In particular, the inherently ordered structure of TCPP‐BZA‐Zn with Zn as the catalytic active center endows the porphyrin assembly structure with several obvious advantages, such as high ion transport properties and high electrocatalytic performance. In the presence of hydrogen peroxide as a co‐reaction reagent, TCPP‐BZA‐Zn/GCE showed excellent ECL behavior. The amplification phenomenon of ECL was further studied by cyclic voltammetry and the corresponding mechanism was proposed. Based on TCPP‐BZA‐Zn, an electrochemiluminescence sensor was constructed for copper ion detection. The ECL intensity of the sensor shows a good linear relationship with the concentration of copper ion in the range of 10 nM–1 mM, and the detection limit is 1.3 nM.
Uterine malignant leiomyosarcoma associated with high levels of serum beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin: A case report
Authors: Tsakos Elias , Xydias Emmanouil M. , Ziogas Apostolos C. , Bimpa Kanelina , Sioutas Angelos , Zarampouka Katerina , Tampakoudis Georgios 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe present the case of a 54‐year‐old woman diagnosed with uterine leiomyosarcoma that produced beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG), evident by both serum and immunohistologic examination. Based on this and similar cases from the available literature, β‐hCG‐producing sarcomas tend to have poorer prognosis, indicating that β‐hCG could potentially be used as a marker of disease status and response to the therapy; however, this association is inconsistent and should be further investigated.
Poly‐D,L‐lactic acid polymer and cochlear implantation
Authors: Di Berardino Federica , Messina Federica , Conte Giorgio , Cavicchiolo Sara , Rossi Diego , Giannì Aldo Bruno , Pignataro Lorenzo , Zanetti Diego 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis case report describes a peculiar and innovative fixing procedure with a Poly‐D,L‐lactic acid (PDLLA) polymer in the unusual case of magnet dislodgment and rupture of the cochlear implant (CI) silicone sheath holding the magnet.
Critical Analysis of MXene Production with In‐Situ HF Forming Agents for Sustainable Manufacturing
Authors: Gentile Antonio , Marchionna Stefano , Balordi Marcella , Pagot Gioele , Ferrara Chiara , Di Noto Vito , Ruffo Riccardo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMXenes are an emerging class of materials considered for many applications, such as sensors, catalysis, energy storage devices. The main obstacle towards their massive implementation is the synthesis requiring the direct use of HF as etching agent. The development of alternative synthetic routes exploiting in‐situ forming HF agents is the main strategies to overcome this limitation. In this study four different etching methods based on the use of NH4HF2, NaF−HCl, HBF4, and NaBF4−HCl are compared to produce Ti3C2Tx from Ti3AlC2 towards the application of MXenes in sodium ion batteries. Three of such etching methods have already been reported while one is here presented for the first time. The structural analysis of the obtained products is based on X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (SEM‐EDX), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. All the materials have been tested in half‐cell configuration vs. Na; the charge/discharge profiles and the C‐rate tests are discussed and related to specific structural features. Overall, the results reveal that the MXene obtained using the HBF4 etching agent under mild conditions is comparable both in structure and functional properties to the benchmark material, i. e., the MXene produced using HF at 5 % concentration. Indeed, the MXene synthetized with the HBF4 presents the lowest mean voltage and potential hysteresis and shows the highest first cycle efficiency (69.7 %), overcoming the performance of the MXene produced with 5 % HF (67 %). This study proves the possibility to produce MXene with a more sustainable route.
Variable selection by permutation applied in support vector regression models
Authors: da Cunha Pedro H. P. , de Paulo Ellisson H. , Silveira Folli Gabriely , Nascimento Márcia H. C. , Moro Mariana K. , Filgueiras Paulo R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSupport vector regression (SVR) can be considered as a black box machine‐learning method. Thus, identifying the cause/effect relationship and the synergism between the most important variables is a difficult task. This study demonstrates the potential of two variable selection methods by permutation—subwindow permutation analysis (SPA) and noise incorporated subwindow permutation analysis (NISPA)—to overcome this limitation. The application of these two variable selections in SVR is poorly explored in literature, mainly for regression problems. The algorithms were applied in FTIR (Fourier transform mid infrared spectroscopy) data of crude oil samples to estimate API gravity, kinematic viscosity at 50°C, saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltene content. The results were compared to other variable selection methods. SPA and NISPA provided the most accurate models for kinematic viscosity, saturates, and aromatic content. The root‐mean‐squared percentage error of prediction (RMSPEP) of the SPA and NISPA were, respectively, 14.26% and 14.62% for kinematic viscosity, 4.7 wt% and 4.4 wt% for saturates content, and 3.4 wt% and 3.1 wt% for aromatic content. Regarding API prediction, despite obtaining similar accuracy to the other selection methods, SPA produced a more simplified model, using only 3.5% of the 3351 total variables, with RMSEP equal to 1.0 and R2p to 0.981. Therefore, SPA and NISPA, besides obtaining, in general, faster and more accurate and parsimonious models, revealed the most important variables for building the SVR models.
A Diamine‐Oriented Biorefinery Concept Using Ammonia and Raney Ni as a Multifaceted Catalyst
Authors: Wu Xianyuan , De bruyn Mario , Barta Katalin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDiamines are important industrial chemicals. In this paper we outline the feasibility of lignocellulose as a source of diol‐containing molecules. We also illustrate the possibility of turning these diols into their diamines in good to excellent yields. Central to these transformations is the use of commercially available Raney Ni. For diol formation, the Raney Ni engages in hydrogenation and often also demethoxylation, that way funneling multiple components to one single molecule. For diamine formation, Raney Ni catalyzes hydrogen‐borrowing mediated diamination in the presence of NH3.
Auto Machine Learning Assisted Preparation of Carboxylic Acid by TEMPO‐Catalyzed Primary Alcohol Oxidation
Authors: Qiu Jia , Xu Yougen , Su Shimin , Gao Yadong , Yu Peiyuan , Ruan Zhixiong , Liao Kuangbiao 
Published: September 2022

Comprehensive SummaryThough alcohol oxidations were considered as well‐established reactions, selecting productive conditions or predicting reaction yields for unseen alcohols remained as major challenges. Herein, an auto machine learning (ML) model for TEMPO‐catalyzed oxidation of primary alcohols to the corresponding carboxylic acids is disclosed. A dataset of 3444 data, consisting of 282 primary alcohols and 45 conditions, were generated using high‐throughput experimentation (HTE). With the HTE data and 105 descriptors, a multi‐label prediction was performed with AutoGluon (an open‐source auto machine learning framework) and KNIME (an open‐source data analytics platform). For the independent test of 240 reactions (a full matrix of 20 unseen alcohols and 12 conditions), AutoGluon with multi‐label prediction for yield prediction (AGMP) gave excellent performance. For external test of 1308 reactions (consisting of 84 alcohols and 45 conditions), AGMP still afforded good results with R2 as 0.767 and MAE as 4.9%. The model also revealed that the newly generated descriptor (Y/N, classification of the reaction reactivity) was the most relevant descriptor for yield prediction, offering a new perspective to integrate HTE and ML in organic synthesis.
Constructing Pt and Pt/MoC Co‐Anchored on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Toward Excellent Methanol‐Resilient Oxygen Reduction Performance for Zinc‐Air Batteries
Authors: Wang Xuhong , Gong Xinyi , Hu Lulu , Fan Jicong , Chen Renhui , Jia Yuhang , Cheng Yafei , Jiang Binbin , Geng Hongbo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDrastically lowering the usage of platinum while enhancing activity and stability toward oxygen reduction is critical to promoting energy conversion efficiency in metal‐air batteries. Herein, an efficient oxygen reduction catalyst was rationally designed by constructing ultrasmall Pt and Pt/MoC dual active sites co‐anchored on nitrogen‐doped carbon. Owing to the synergistic effect of the dual active sites, the optimized Pt‐MoC@NC delivers superior oxygen reduction activity with ultralow Pt loading. Especially, the Pt‐MoC@NC shows robust methanol tolerance. As the cathodic catalyst, Pt‐MoC@NC based zinc‐air battery possesses outstanding performance with a large peak power density of 100 mW cm−2 and long charge‐discharge durability.
Highly Efficient Photocatalysis and Photo Fenton‐Like Catalyst Degradation of Tetracycline and Rhodamine B Using Novel Porous Z‐Scheme WO3/g‐C3N4 of In Situ Synthesis
Authors: Zheng Jiahong , Lin Xiaopeng , Zheng Xin , Yu Pengfei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA Z‐scheme WO3/g‐C3N4 heterojunction is fabricated by adopting melamine and ammonium tungstate as the precursor by calcination and a simple in situ growth method. The morphology, structure, optical properties, and degradation efficiency of Z‐scheme WO3/g‐C3N4 heterojunctions are investigated in this paper. The photocatalytic experiments indicate that WO3/g‐C3N4 (5 wt%) has the fastest degradation rate of tetracycline (TC) and rhodamine B (RhB) under light conditions. Furthermore, the properties of WO3/g‐C3N4 (5 wt%) are also assessed according to the degradation velocity of RhB and TC by the photo Fenton‐like experiment, respectively within 30 min. A 96% RhB removal and a 76% TC removal are recorded after 30 min of photo Fenton‐like reaction, which has a big improvement of degradation velocity over photocatalytic experiments. During the calcination of ammonium tungstate, water vapor and ammonia gas are removed to promote the composition of porous structures of WO3/g‐C3N4, which is a remarkable contributor to enhancing the specific surface area and reactive activity sites. The porous structures obtained by calcination and Z‐scheme heterojunction constituted by the combination of g‐C3N4 and WO3 synergistically promote the improvement of photocatalytic activity.