bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomic analysis of the periodontal pathogen Prevotella intermedia secretomes in biofilm and planktonic lifestyles
Authors: Karched Maribasappa , Bhardwaj Radhika G. , Qudeimat Muawia , Al-Khabbaz Areej , Ellepola Arjuna 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPrevotella intermediais an important species associated with periodontitis. Despite the remarkable clinical significance, little is known about the molecular basis for its virulence. The aim of this study was to characterize the secretome ofP. intermediain biofilm and planktonic life mode. The biofilm secretome showed 109 proteins while the planktonic secretome showed 136 proteins. The biofilm and the planktonic secretomes contained 17 and 33 signal-peptide bearing proteins, 13 and 18 lipoproteins, respectively. Superoxide reductase, sensor histidine kinase, C40 family peptidase, elongation factor Tu, threonine synthase etc. were unique to biofilm. Of the ~ 30 proteins with predicted virulence potential from biofilm and planktonic secretomes, only 6 were common between the two groups, implying large differences between biofilm and planktonic modes ofP. intermedia. From Gene Ontology biofilm secretome displayed a markedly higher percent proteins compared to planktonic secretome in terms of cellular amino acid metabolic process, nitrogen compound metabolic process etc. Inflammatory cytokine profile analysis revealed that only the biofilm secretome, not the planktonic one, induced important cytokines such as MIP-1α/MIP-1β, IL-1β, and IL-8. In conclusion, the revealed differences in the protein profiles ofP. intermediabiofilm and planktonic secretomes may trigger further questions about molecular mechanisms how this species exerts its virulence potential in the oral cavity.
Ornithophily in the subtribe Maxillariinae (Orchidaceae) proven with a case study of Ornithidium fulgens in Guatemala
Authors: Lipińska Monika M. , Archila Fredy L. , Haliński Łukasz P. , Łuszczek Dorota , Szlachetko Dariusz L. , Kowalkowska Agnieszka K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOrnithophily has been long speculated to occur in the subtribe Maxillariinae (Orchidaceae), relying either solely on micromorphological analyses or scarce field observations of undefined species. In Guatemala we were able to observe regular visits of the azure-crowned hummingbirds feeding on flowers of Ornithidium fulgens. These observations have led us to investigation of floral attractants by means of scanning and transmission microscopy, histochemical and chemical analyses (GC–MS). Conducted investigation revealed that the epidermis of basal protuberance of column-foot has features proving the secretory activity and that secreted nectar is sucrose-dominant. Slight secretion on the middle part of the lip is puzzling. The presence of other potential pollinators has not been reported. Based on the results of this study, we confirmed that the flowers of O. fulgens meet all criteria of ornithophily and thus that the hypothesis about bird pollination in the subtribe Maxillariinae is proven. The presented results confirm that the previously described floral features predicting the bird pollination in this group are justified. This strengthens the theory about floral adaptations to different pollinators and gives valid reasons to consider species with flowers with a certain set of traits as ornithophilous, even in the absence of the pollination observation.
Coupling genetic structure analysis and ecological-niche modeling in Kersting’s groundnut in West Africa
Authors: Coulibaly Mariam , Idohou Rodrigue , Akohoue Félicien , Peterson Andrew Townsend , Sawadogo Mahamadou , Achigan-Dako Enoch Gbenato 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOrphan legume crops play an important role in smallholder farmers’ food systems. Though less documented, they have the potential to contribute to adequate nutrition in vulnerable communities. Unfortunately, data are scarce about the potential of those crops to withstand current and future climate variations. Using Macrotyloma geocarpum as an example, we used ecological niche modeling to explore the role of ecology on the current and future distributions of genetic populations of Kersting’s groundnut. Our findings showed that: (1) the models had good predictive power, indicating that M. geocarpum’s distribution was correlated with both climatic and soil layers; (2) identity and similarity tests revealed that the two genetic groups have identical and similar environmental niches; (3) by integrating the genetic information in niche modeling, niches projections show divergence in the response of the species and genetic populations to ongoing climate change. This study highlights the importance of incorporating genetic data into Ecological Niche Modeling (ENM) approaches to obtain a finer information of species’ future distribution, and explores the implications for agricultural adaptation, with a particular focus on identifying priority actions in orphan crops conservation and breeding.
Validation and quantification of left ventricular function during exercise and free breathing from real-time cardiac magnetic resonance images
Authors: Edlund Jonathan , Haris Kostas , Ostenfeld Ellen , Carlsson Marcus , Heiberg Einar , Johansson Sebastian , Östenson Björn , Jin Ning , Aletras Anthony H. , Steding-Ehrenborg Katarina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractExercise cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) can unmask cardiac pathology not evident at rest. Real-time CMR in free breathing can be used, but respiratory motion may compromise quantification of left ventricular (LV) function. We aimed to develop and validate a post-processing algorithm that semi-automatically sorts real-time CMR images according to breathing to facilitate quantification of LV function in free breathing exercise. A semi-automatic algorithm utilizing manifold learning (Laplacian Eigenmaps) was developed for respiratory sorting. Feasibility was tested in eight healthy volunteers and eight patients who underwent ECG-gated and real-time CMR at rest. Additionally, volunteers performed exercise CMR at 60% of maximum heart rate. The algorithm was validated for exercise by comparing LV mass during exercise to rest. Respiratory sorting to end expiration and end inspiration (processing time 20 to 40 min) succeeded in all research participants. Bias ± SD for LV mass was 0 ± 5 g when comparing real-time CMR at rest, and 0 ± 7 g when comparing real-time CMR during exercise to ECG-gated at rest. This study presents a semi-automatic algorithm to retrospectively perform respiratory sorting in free breathing real-time CMR. This can facilitate implementation of exercise CMR with non-ECG-gated free breathing real-time imaging, without any additional physiological input.
Progenitor cells from brown adipose tissue undergo neurogenic differentiation
Authors: Jumabay Medet , Zhang Li , Yao Jiayi , Boström Kristina I. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMultipotent cells derived from white adipose tissue have been shown to differentiate into multiple lineages including neurogenic lineages. However, the high innervation of brown adipose tissue by the sympathetic nervous system suggest it might be a better source of neural precursor cells. To investigate potential differences between white and brown progenitors, we cultured white and brown dedifferentiated fat (wDFAT and brDFAT) cells from mouse and human adipose tissue and compared marker expression of neural precursors, and neuronal and glial cells, using fluorescence-activated cell sorting, bright-field imaging, immunofluorescence, and RNA analysis by qPCR. The results showed that both wDFAT and brDFAT cells had the capacity to generate neuronal and glial-like cells under neurogenic conditions. However, the brDFAT cells exhibited enhanced propensity for neurogenic differentiation. The neurogenic cells were at least in part derived from Adiponectin-expressing cells. TdTomato-expressing cells derived from Adiponectin (Adipoq) CreERT2 -tdTomatoflox/flox mice gave rise to individual cells and cell clusters with neurogenic characteristics. Moreover, human brDFAT cells demonstrated a similar ability to undergo neurogenic differentiation after treatment with neurogenic medium, as assessed by immunofluorescence and qPCR. Together, our results support that brDFAT cells have ability to undergo neurogenic differentiation.
Biosynthesis of S-adenosyl-methionine enhances aging-related defects in Drosophila oogenesis
Authors: Hayashi Yoshiki , Kashio Soshiro , Murotomi Kazutoshi , Hino Shinjiro , Kang Woojin , Miyado Kenji , Nakao Mitsuyoshi , Miura Masayuki , Kobayashi Satoru , Namihira Masakazu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTissue aging is a major cause of aging-related disabilities and a shortened life span. Understanding how tissue aging progresses and identifying the factors underlying tissue aging are crucial; however, the mechanism of tissue aging is not fully understood. Here we show that the biosynthesis of S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM), the major cellular donor of methyl group for methylation modifications, potently accelerates the aging-related defects during Drosophila oogenesis. An aging-related increase in the SAM-synthetase (Sam-S) levels in the germline leads to an increase in ovarian SAM levels. Sam-S-dependent biosynthesis of SAM controls aging-related defects in oogenesis through two mechanisms, decreasing the ability to maintain germline stem cells and accelerating the improper formation of egg chambers. Aging-related increases in SAM commonly occur in mouse reproductive tissue and the brain. Therefore, our results raise the possibility suggesting that SAM is the factor related to tissue aging beyond the species and tissues.
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphism rs3025039 and atherosclerosis among older with hypertension
Authors: Shimizu Yuji , Arima Kazuhiko , Noguchi Yuko , Yamanashi Hirotomo , Kawashiri Shin-Ya , Nobusue Kenichi , Nonaka Fumiaki , Aoyagi Kiyoshi , Nagata Yasuhiro , Maeda Takahiro 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAngiogenesis inhibition therapy causes hypertension by increasing peripheral vascular resistance. Vasa vasorum angiogenesis plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis. Since vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which contributes to the progress of angiogenesis, is reported to be inversely associated with the minor allele of polymorphism rs3025039, the minor allele of rs3025039 could be inversely associated with atherosclerosis among individuals with hypertension. A cross-sectional study of 1793 older Japanese adults aged 60–89 years with hypertension who participated in general health check-ups was conducted. Atherosclerosis was defined as carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) ≥ 1.1 mm. The minor allele of polymorphism rs3025020 was positively associated with VEGF. Therefore, in addition to known cardiovascular risk factors, rs3025020 genotype acted as a confounding factor in the present study. Independent of known confounding factors, the minor allele of rs3025039 was inversely associated with atherosclerosis among older Japanese adults with hypertension. The fully adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for atherosclerosis with the minor allele of rs3025039 was 0.78 (0.64, 0.96). The angiogenesis-related polymorphism rs3025039 was associated with the development of atherosclerosis among older Japanese individuals. This study indicates that the development of atherosclerosis among older individuals might partly indicate a capacity for angiogenesis.
Influence of yellow gypsum on nutrient uptake and yield of groundnut in different acid soils of Southern India
Authors: M Laxmanarayanan , Dhumgond Prabhudev , Shruthi  , C R Jahir Basha , Sarkar Supriya , Nagabovanalli B Prakash 
Published: April 2022

AbstractYellow gypsum (YG), a synthetic product from Linz-Donawitz slag containing high iron (Fe) (5.41%), zinc (Zn) (0.37%) and silicon (Si) (3.41%) can be used as a source of these nutrients along with calcium (Ca) and sulphur (S) for groundnut production. Three field experiments were conducted to know the effect of different rates (500 and 625 kg YG ha−1) and time of application (basal alone and basal + split) of YG on growth, yield and economic returns of groundnut, and micronutrient and Si availability and their uptake in comparison with basal application of 500 kg natural gypsum (NG) ha−1. Basal alone and basal + split application of YG significantly increased the growth, yield and economic returns of groundnut. Further, it increased the soil pH, availability of micronutrients, Si and their uptake by haulm and kernel of groundnut over NG. Irrespective of the location, YG application recorded higher plant available nutrient (PAN) coefficient of micronutrients, while NG application recorded higher PAN recovery coefficient of Si. Basal + split application of YG resulted in better growth and yield of groundnut than basal application of YG. In conclusion, YG can be a potential alternative for NG as a source of Fe, Zn and Si along with Ca and S for groundnut production.
Metformin Ameliorates Hepatic Steatosis induced by olanzapine through inhibiting LXRα/PCSK9 pathway
Authors: Zhu Wenqiang , Ding Chen , Huang Piaopiao , Ran Juanli , Lian Pingan , Tang Yaxin , Dai Wen , Huang Xiansheng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractStudies have confirmed that olanzapine, the mainstay treatment for schizophrenia, triggers metabolic diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the etiology of olanzapine-induced NAFLD is poorly understood. Proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is involved in NAFLD pathogenesis, and metformin can significantly decrease circulating PCSK9. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of PCSK9 and explore the therapeutic effect of metformin for olanzapine-associated NAFLD. Olanzapine significantly upregulated PCSK9 and promoted lipid accumulation in mouse livers and HepG2 and AML12 cells. Metformin ameliorated these pathological alterations. PCSK9 upstream regulator liver X receptor α (LXRα) was significantly upregulated in olanzapine-induced NAFLD. LXRα antagonist treatment and LXRα overexpression resulted in a decrease and increase of PCSK9, respectively. Hepatic lipogenesis-associated genes FAS and SCD1 were significantly upregulated in olanzapine-induced NAFLD mice and HepG2 cells overexpressing PCSK9, and genes related to lipid β-oxidation (SCAD and PPARα) were downregulated, while metformin reversed these changes. In addition, we found that LXRα overexpression compromised the effect of metformin on PCSK9 levels and intracellular lipid droplet formation. Taken together, our findings suggest that olanzapine enhances hepatic PCSK9 expression by upregulating LXRα, thereby increasing FAS and SCD1 expression as well as decreasing SCAD and PPARα, and promoting lipid accumulation, and, subsequently, NAFLD, which is ameliorated by metformin.
Chemiluminescent screening of specific hybridoma cells via a proximity-rolling circle activated enzymatic switch
Authors: Ao Hang , Chen Weiwei , Wu Jie , Xiao Wencheng , Ju Huangxian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe mass-production capability of hybridoma technology is bottlenecked by the routine screening procedure which is time-consuming and laborious as the requirement of clonal expansion. Here, we describe a 1-day chemiluminescent screening protocol for specific hybridoma cells on conventional 96-well plate via a proximity-rolling circle activated enzymatic switch (P-RCAES) strategy. The P-RCAES uses a pair of antigen-DNA probes to recognize secreted specific antibody and proximity-induce rolling circle amplification for mass-production of pyrophosphate to activate Cu(II) inhibited horseradish peroxidase and generate a strong chemiluminescent signal. The P-RCAES based homogeneous chemiluminescent assay can detect antibody down to 18 fM, and enables the screening of specific hybridoma cells secreting PCSK9 antibody at single-cell level without tedious cloning process. The proposed fast screening protocol has good expansibility without need of sophisticated instruments, and provides a screening method for greatly improving the efficiency of hybridoma technology.
Synthesis and performance evaluation of 5-fluorouracil-loaded zwitterionic poly(4-vinylpyridine) nanoparticles
Authors: Malekzadeh Ali , Zahedi Payam , Abdouss Majid 
Published: April 2022

After polymerizing 4-vinylpyridine, the obtained polymer was converted into zwitterionic nanoparticles containing 5-fluorouracil. Their potential for long-term blood circulation was investigated by in vitro and in vivo experiments.
HST/WFC3 transmission spectroscopy of the cold rocky planet TRAPPIST-1h
Authors: Garcia L. J. , Moran S. E. , Rackham B. V. , Wakeford H. R. , Gillon M. , de Wit J. , Lewis N. K. 
Published: April 2022

Aims. TRAPPIST-1 is a nearby ultra-cool dwarf star transited by seven rocky planets. We observed three transits of its outermost planet, TRAPPIST-1h, using the G141 grism of the Wide Field Camera 3 instrument aboard the Hubble Space Telescope to place constraints on its potentially cold atmosphere.
Methods. In order to deal with the effect of stellar contamination, we model TRAPPIST-1 active regions as portions of a cooler and a hotter photosphere, and generate multi-temperature models that we compare to the out-of-transit spectrum of the star. Using the inferred spot parameters, we produce corrected transmission spectra for planet h under five transit configurations and compare these data to planetary atmospheric transmission models using the forward model CHIMERA.
Results. Our analysis reveals that TRAPPIST-1h is unlikely to host an aerosol-free H/He-dominated atmosphere. While the current data precision limits the constraints we can put on the planetary atmosphere, we find that the likeliest scenario is that of a flat, featureless transmission spectrum in the WFC3/G141 bandpass due to a high mean molecular weight atmosphere (≥1000 × solar), no atmosphere, or an opaque aerosol layer, all in absence of stellar contamination. This work outlines the limitations of modeling active photospheric regions with theoretical stellar spectra, and those brought by our lack of knowledge of the photospheric structure of ultracool dwarf stars. Further characterization of the planetary atmosphere of TRAPPIST-1h would require higher precision measurements over wider wavelengths, which will be possible with the James Webb Space Telescope.
Discovery of new TESS pulsating hot subdwarfs
Authors: Krzesinski J. , Balona L. A. 
Published: April 2022

Aims. This work is dedicated to a search for new pulsating hot subdwarfs in TESS photometric data which could have been missed in previous searches.
Methods. By matching catalogues of hot subdwarfs with TESS targets and using luminosities from Gaìa parallaxes, a list of 1389 candidate hot subdwarfs observed by TESS was created. The periodograms of these stars were inspected, and the stars were classified according to variability type.
Results. An updated catalogue of all known pulsating hot subdwarfs is presented. A number of probable pulsating binaries have been identified, which might prove useful for verifying the asteroseismic masses. The mean masses of p- and g-mode pulsators are estimated from the stellar parameters.
Conclusions. A list of 63 previously unknown pulsating hot subdwarfs observed by TESS is presented. More than half of the stars previously identified as pure p-mode pulsators are found to have frequencies in the g-mode region as well. As a result, hybrid p- and g-mode pulsators occur over the whole instability strip.
Umgang mit Todeswünschen in der Palliativversorgung – Evaluation eines Schulungsprogramms
Authors: Boström Kathleen , Dojan Thomas , Frerich Gerrit , Romotzky Vanessa , Galushko Maren , Voltz Raymond , Kremeike Kerstin 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Mitarbeitende der Palliativversorgung werden oft mit Todeswünschen von Patient*innen konfrontiert und berichten Unsicherheiten im Umgang damit. Daher wurden Schulungen zum Thema durchgeführt und evaluiert.
Methodik Teilnehmende der zweitägigen Schulungen beantworteten davor (t0), danach (t1) und 1 Jahr später (t2) Fragen zu ihrem Umgang mit Todeswünschen, zu t1 außerdem Fragen zur Schulung. Eine Subgruppe wurde zu t2 zu qualitativen Interviews eingeladen.
Ergebnisse An 12 Schulungen nahmen 102 Versorgende teil. Die Selbsteinschätzung zum Umgang mit Todeswünschen verbesserte sich nach den Schulungen konstant und signifikant – vor allem bei den Versorgenden, die Gespräche über Todeswünsche führten. Die qualitativen Daten geben Hinweise auf Gründe dafür.
Schlussfolgerung Die entwickelten Schulungen können Versorgenden nachhaltig mehr Selbstsicherheit im Umgang mit Todeswünschen und eine Grundlage für offene Gespräche bei Anfragen nach (ärztlich) assistiertem Suizid vermitteln.
Ungewöhnliche Ursache einer Hyperkalzämie in der Schwangerschaft
Authors: Mehl Lisa , Schrader Jörg , Winterberg Torsten , Daniels Thies , Gross Andreas , Weidner Ulrike , Clauditz Till Sebastian , Lock Guntram 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund In der Schwangerschaft diagnostizierte neuroendokrine Tumoren (NET) sind eine absolute Rarität. Die vorliegende Kasuistik beschreibt Diagnostik und Therapie eines im 2. Trimenon symptomatisch gewordenen metastasierten NET des Pankreas.
Fallbeschreibung Eine 33-jährige Patientin stellte sich in der 19. Schwangerschaftswoche (SSW) mit persistierender Diarrhoe in der Notaufnahme vor. Laborchemisch fiel eine ausgeprägte Hyperkalzämie (3,53 mmol/l) auf. In der Bildgebung fand sich eine Raumforderung im Bereich des Pankreaskorpus/-schwanzes mit ausgedehnter Lebermetastasierung. Histologisch zeigte sich ein NET (G2, SSTR-positiv) mit einer paraneoplastischen Parathormon-related-Peptide-Sekretion als Ursache der Hyperkalzämie. Unter einer Therapie mit Octreotid normalisierte sich das Kalzium, die Diarrhoe sistierte. Nach Geburt eines gesunden Kindes (32. SSW per sectio) fand sich ein Progress; der Pankreastumor wurde komplett entfernt, die Leberfiliae so weit wie möglich. In einem postoperativen CT zeigten sich verbliebene metastasensuspekte Läsionen, eine palliative Therapie mit Lanreotid wurde eingeleitet. Darunter ist die Patientin seit einem Jahr symptomfrei, das Serumkalzium blieb normwertig. Das Kind entwickelte sich unauffällig.
Diskussion Dieser ungewöhnliche Fall zeigt, dass es auch bei ausgedehnt metastasierten symptomatischen NETs in der Schwangerschaft weitreichende diagnostische und therapeutische Optionen geben kann, die in enger interdisziplinärer Zusammenarbeit unter sorgfältiger Risiko-Nutzen-Abwägung für Mutter und Kind eine Fortführung der Schwangerschaft erlauben.
Nahtaneurysmen - Ätiopathogenese, Symptomatologie, Diagnostik,
Therapie, Outcome und Einflussfaktoren nach offen gefäßchirurgischer und
interventioneller Rekonstruktion
Authors: Romancik Peter , Meyer Frank , Redlich Ulf , Halloul Zuhir , Tautenhahn Jörg 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die über die letzten Jahre/Jahrzehnte ausgebaute und
optimierte gefäßchirurgische Grundversorgung hat auch das Fallaufkommen von
Sekundärkomplikationen wie das Nahtaneurysma (NA) wesentlich erhöht.
Ziel Darstellung der sekundären Versorgungsdiagnose NA in ihrem/r
Fallaufkommen, Ätiopathogenese, Symptomatologie, Diagnostik,
periinterventionellem/-operativem Management und Outcome, basierend auf
selektiven Referenzen der medizinisch-wissenschaftlichen Literatur und eigenen
klinischen Versorgungserfahrungen.
Methode Narratives Review
Ergebnisse

Schlussfolgerung Das NA als relevante Versorgungsgröße ist inzwischen
längst mit in den Fokus eines basalen gefäßchirurgischen/-interventionellen
Betreuungsprofils gerückt, dem sich der Gefäßchirurg/-interventionalist aufgrund
der bestehenden Herausforderung hinsichtlich des anspruchsvollen diagnostischen
und therapeutischen Managements mit seiner ganzen fachspezifischen Kompetenz
widmen muss.