bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hedgehog-induced-oxidative-phosphorylation rescues neuronal differentiation defect of human enteric neural crest cells underlying Hirschsprung disease
Authors: Li Zhixin , Lui Kathy Nga-Chu , Lau Sin-Ting , Lai Frank Pui-Ling , Li Peng , CHUNG Patrick , Wong Kenneth , TAM Paul , Gracia-Barcelo Maria-Mercè , Hui Chi-chung , Sham Pak , Ngan Elly 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is characterized by the absence of enteric neurons caused by the defects of enteric neural crest cells (ENCCs), leading to intestinal obstruction. Here, using iPSC-based models of HSCR and single-cell transcriptomic analysis, we identified a core gene set of 118 genes commonly dysregulated in all HSCR-ENCCs, with HDAC1 found to be a master regulator of these genes. Furthermore, upregulation of RNA splicing mediators and enhanced alternative splicing events were associated with severe form of HSCR. In particular, the higher inclusion rate of exon 9 in PTBP1 and the perturbed expression of a PTBP1-target, PKM, were significantly enriched in these HSCR-ENCCs, and associated with the defective oxidative-phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and impaired neurogenesis. Hedgehog-induced OXPHOS significantly enhanced the survival and differentiation capacity of HSCR-ENCCs. In sum, we have defined the core factors underpinning HSCR disease and demonstrated the implications of OXPHOS in ENCC development and HSCR pathogenesis.
Investigation of the Effects of Heavy Metal Pollution on Surface Waters Before and During the COVID-19 Lockdown Periods in Bursa, Turkey
Authors: Sari Mehmet Ferhat , Esen Fatma 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The first COVID-19 case in Turkey was reported on March 10, 2020, by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey. Due to the increasing number of cases, a curfew was declared on weekends as of 11-12 April 2020. Although curfews were only implemented on public holidays and weekends, there were reductions in industrial, traffic, and human activities. The restrictions and curfews implemented to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic are a unique opportunity to understand the effects of anthropogenic sources on water quality. In this study, it was aimed to determine the temporal variations of the concentration of seven heavy metals (HMs) (Fe, Mn, Cu, Al, Cr, Ni, and Zn) in surface waters before and during the COVID-19 lockdown period, and their carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks that may occur through digestion and dermal absorption. Surface water samples were taken from 14 different sampling points within the borders of Bursa (Turkey). HM concentrations except Ni increased at rates ranging from 7.92% to 83.33% during the COVID-19 lockdown period compared to before the COVID-19 lockdown period. The heavy metal pollution index and heavy metal evaluation index increased during the COVID-19 lockdown period compared to before the COVID-19 lockdown period. Also, according to the results regarding the carcinogenic risk that may occur via digestion and dermal absorption, serious risks were determined for adults and children in both periods. Generally, similar correlation coefficients were obtained in both sampling periods, and it was concluded that HMs were affected by similar sources.
Exploring the environmental properties and resource utilization of construction waste in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region
Authors: Hu Shuxin , Ren Fumin , Jia Jinming , Cui Can , Guo Changhong , Cui Nana , Ma Li , Si Han , Lu Tong , Liu Guotao , Zhang Boyu , Liu Junshi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is a capital economic circle for the future. Promoting the coordinated development of its population, economy, resources and environment is a major national strategy. And as towns and cities continue to expand, the volume of construction waste is gradually expanding, posing a major challenge to the sustainable development of the construction industry. In order to solve this problem, this paper used portable XRF to realize the on-site rapid monitoring of heavy metals in construction waste, and the correlation analysis result was R2 = 0.9622. The visualization of enrichment factor evaluation results was realized through ArcGIS. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is mainly polluted by heavy metal elements Cr, Zn, Pb and Hg, showing regional pollution characteristics. The reason can be traced to the heavy industrial production in Tangshan, which is in line with the principle of industrial ecology. The results of leaching toxicity and cation anion analysis showed that the construction waste in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region had environmental risks to the surrounding surface water and groundwater. The resource treatment and disposal path were determined by means of XRD, ternary phase diagram and oxide composition analysis to avoid secondary pollution. This study explores the environmental properties and resource utilization pathways of construction waste in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, laying the foundation for research work on construction waste in the development of national urban agglomerations, effectively solving regional environmental pollution problems, and promoting the sustainable development of the construction industry.
High-order dynamic localization and tunable temporal cloaking in
ac-electric-field driven synthetic lattices
Authors: Wang Shulin , Qin Chengzhi , Liu Weiwei , Wang Bing , Zhou Feng , Ye Han , Zhao Lange , Dong Jianji , Zhang Xinliang , Longhi Stefano , Lu Peixiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Dynamic localization (DL) of photons, i.e., the light-motion cancellation effect arising from lattice’s quasi-energy band collapse under a synthetic ac-electric-field, provides a powerful and alternative mechanism to Anderson localization for coherent light confinement. So far only low-order DLs, corresponding to weak ac-fields, have been demonstrated using curved-waveguide lattices where the waveguide’s bending curvature plays the role of ac-field as required in original Dunlap-Kenkre model of DL. However, the inevitable bending losses pose a severe limitation for the observation of high-order DL. Here, we break the weak-field limitation by transferring lattice concepts from spatial to synthetic time dimensions using fiber-loop circuits and observe up to fifth-order DL. We find that high-order DLs possess superior localization and robustness against random noise over lower-order ones. As an exciting application, by judiciously combining low- and high-order DLs, we demonstrate a temporal cloaking scheme with flexible tunability both for cloak’s window size and opening time. Our work pushes DL towards high-order regimes using synthetic-lattice schemes, which may find potential applications in robust signal transmission, protection, processing and cloaking.
Predictors for the restoration of the sagittal spinal malalignment in patients with lumbar stenosis after short-segment decompression and fusion surgery
Authors: Lu Shibao , Huang Rufeng , Pan Fumin , Zhu Weiguo , Kong Chao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: To explore the predictors for the restoration of the sagittal spinal malalignment in the elderly patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) after short-segment decompression and fusion surgery.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 82 LSS patients with sagittal malalignment (SVA≥50mm or PT≥20° or PI-LL≥20°) who underwent short-segment decompression and fusion surgery between January 2019 and March 2021. Patients’ characteristic, radiographic and paravertebral muscle parameters were assessed. The patients were divided into group A (postoperative malalignment) and B (postoperative alignment) according to whether the postoperative restoration of the sagittal alignment was achieved.Results: There existed more males in group B than in group A (p=0.002). The age of group A (73.36±8.02) was greater than that of group B (69.08±6.07, p=0.009). Preoperative PT in group A (27.40±5.82) was greater than that in group B (19.30±7.32, p<0.001). The functional cross-sectional area (fCSA) in group A (28.73±4.23) was lower than that in group B (36.94±7.81, p<0.001). And the fatty infiltration rate (FI) of group A (27.16%±5.58%) was higher than that of group B (22.61%±5.81%, p=0.001). The fCSA was negatively correlated with the postoperative PT and PTr (p<0.05).Conclusion: Stronger lumbar paravertebral muscles, smaller preoperative PI, PT or PI-LL, male and younger age are the predictors for the restoration of the sagittal spinal malalignment in the elderly LSS patients after short-segment decompression and fusion surgery.
The Lactobacillus Crispatus M247 oral administration: it really is an effective strategy in the management of papillomavirus-infected women?
Authors: Dellino Miriam , Daniele Antonella , Vagno Giovanni Di , Malvasi Antonio , Zaccaro Rosanna , Zaccaro Katia , Cazzato Gerardo , Cascardi Eliano , Scacco Salvatore , Tinelli Raffaele , De Luca Alessandro , Giacomino Maria Elena , De Nicolò Miriana , Vinciguerra Marina , Loizzi Vera , Cicinelli Ettore , Cormio Gennaro , Pinto Vincenzo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
-Background: Recent studies have shown the importance of the microbiota in women's health. In contrast, a dysbiosis condition can be a predisposing condition of viral infections by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). The persistence of HPV-related lesions in patients with dysbiosis, could represent the antechamber of cervical cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether long-term administration of oral lactobacilli may allow the restoration of eubiosis in women with HPV-infections with consequently viral clearance. -Methods: A total of 160 women affected HPV-infections were enrolled at Department of Gynecological Obstetrics of “San Paolo” Hospital, Italy between February 2021 and February 2022.Women were randomized in two groups, in treatment with oral Lactobacillus Crispatus M247 (group 1, n = 80) versus controlled group, with only follow-up (Group 2 n= 80).-Results: After a median follow up of 12 months (range 10-30 months) the chance to solve HPV-related cytological anomalies was higher in treatment with oral probiotic long-term users (group 1) versus group with placebo (group 2) (60.5% vs 41,3%, p = 0.05). Furthermore, a total HPV-clearance was shown in 9,3% in patients with only follow-up compared to a percentage of 15,3 % in group that assumed oral Lactobacilli long term users (p = 0.34). So, the percentual of patients assessed with HPV-DNA test documented at the end of the study period is not significatively different by the control group.-Conclusions: Despite the limitations of our analysis, we find a higher percentage of clearance of PAP-smear abnormalities, in patients who have took oral Lactobacilli long term than the control group. These results represent a confirm that the eubiosis re-establishment could be the first step to eradicate efficiently HPV-infection. Larger studies are need yet but we believe that future researchs should act in this direction.Trial registration: This word is retrospectively registered.
Highly durable fuel cell electrocatalyst with low-loading Pt-Co nanoparticles dispersed over single-atom Pt-Co-N-Graphene nanofiber
Authors: Chong Lina , Zhou Hua , Kubal Joseph , Tang Qingli , Wen Jianguo , Yang Zhenzhen , Bloom Ira D. , Abraham Daniel , Zhu Hong , Zou Jianxin , Ding WenJiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The limited durability of Pt electrocatalysis toward cathodic oxygen reduction reaction is a remaining challenge, yet crucial for the development of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell. Here, we present a robust catalyst consisted of ~ 3 nm PtCo core-shell nanoparticles supported by porous Graphene-Nitrogen nanofiber decorated with single-atomic Pt and Co, termed PtCo@Pt-Co-GNF. The approach uses polymer-fiber containing Polyacrylonitrile and Cobalt-Metal-Organic-Framework as precursors to the Graphene-Nitrogen template where Pt clusters are in-situ reduced for high temperature synthesis. In a fuel cell with a total Pt loading (anode + cathode) of 0.083 mg cm-2, the new catalyst delivers unprecedented mass activity of 2.48 A mgPt-1 at 0.9 ViR-free, and a high Pt utilization of 11.9 kW gPt-1 at 150 kPaabs initially. Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopies (XAS) of PtCo@Pt-Co-GNF show that the structures of Co moieties under working and ex-situ condition are different, and Co moieties are modified during oxygen reduction reaction. Density Functional Theory combined with Operando XAS unveils that the synergistic effect of atomic neighboring Pt-Co dual center facilitates the oxygen-intermediates-adsorption strengthened on Co moieties and weakened on Pt sites, eventually enhancing the catalytic activity. Theoretical simulation further manifests that the enhanced curvature of the carbon substrate lowers the reaction thermodynamic barrier favoring the formation of H2O rather than H2O2 over Co-N4. This result along with the high carbon graphitization and the strong interaction between PtCo and Co-N-C may likely be responsible for the drastically enhanced durability of the catalyst which underwent 60,000 Accelerated-Stress-Test cycles including 30,000 cycles in H2-Air cell and a continued 30,000 cycles in H2-O2 cell with no obvious structure and composition changes.
CryoET Reveals Organelle Phenotypes in Huntington Disease Patient iPSC-Derived and Mouse Primary Neurons
Authors: Chiu Wah , Wu Gong-her , Galaz-Montoya Jesús , Schmid Michael , Joubert Lydia , Mitchell Patrick , Danita Cristina , Yeung Serena , Gupte Sanket , Hsu Joy , Frydman Judith , Aviner Ranen , Mobley William , Wu Chengbiao , Gu Yingli , Smith-Geater Charlene , Thompson Leslie , Miramontes Ricardo , Wang Keona , Geller Nicolette 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Huntington’s Disease (HD) is caused by an expanded CAG repeat in the huntingtin gene, yielding a Huntingtin protein with an expanded polyglutamine tract. Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can help understand disease; however, defining pathological biomarkers is challenging. Here, we used cryogenic electron tomography to visualize neurites in HD patient iPSC-derived neurons with varying CAG repeats, and primary cortical neurons from BACHD, deltaN17-BACHD, and wild-type mice. In HD models, we discovered mitochondria with enlarged granules and distorted cristae, and thin sheet aggregates in double membrane-bound organelles. We used artificial intelligence to quantify mitochondrial granules, and proteomics showed differential protein content in HD mitochondria. Knockdown of Protein Inhibitor of Activated STAT1 ameliorated aberrant phenotypes in iPSC-neurons and reduced phenotypes in BACHD neurons. We show that integrated ultrastructural and proteomic approaches may uncover early HD phenotypes to accelerate diagnostics and the development of targeted therapeutics for HD.
Phase II study of S-1 and irinotecan combination therapy in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer resistant to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor: North Japan Lung Cancer Study Group Trial 0804 (NJLCG0804)
Authors: Nakamura Atsushi , Harada Masao , Watanabe Kana , Harada Toshiyuki , Inoue Akira , Sugawara Shunichi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: We conducted a multicenter phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of S-1 and irinotecan combination therapy in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer treated with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors.Methods: Epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors and platinum-based chemotherapy received 80 mg/m2 S-1 on days 1–14 and 70 mg/m2 irinotecan on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle. The primary endpoint was disease control rate 8 weeks after enrollment. The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival, overall response rate, and safety.Results: We enrolled 25 patients from five hospitals. The patients underwent a median of four cycles. The disease control rate, 8 weeks after enrollment, was 84% (95% confidence interval, 63.9%–95.5%). Progression-free survival and overall survival were 5.0 and 17.1 months, respectively. The overall response rate was 52.0%. Grade ≥3 adverse events were reported in 56.0% of patients: hematological toxicities of leukopenia (44%), neutropenia (52%), anemia (20%), thrombocytopenia (20%), and febrile neutropenia (16%). Non-hematological toxicities of grade ≥3 included elevated alanine aminotransferase (4%), anorexia (8%), nausea (4%), diarrhea (16%), and pulmonary embolism (4%). None developed grade 5 toxicities. Conclusion: Combination therapy with S-1 and irinotecan in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer treated with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors and platinum-based chemotherapy demonstrated high effectiveness with tolerable toxicities. Future phase III studies are needed to evaluate the role of this treatment in such patients.
Comparison of the prognosis of robotic-assisted total gastrectomy, laparoscopic total gastrectomy, and conventional open total gastrectomy: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Yuan Liu , Tian Zhiqiang , Shen Wei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective

To systematically evaluate the prognostic efficacy of robotic-assisted total gastrectomy.

Methods

Through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Ovid and other databases, English-language literature comparing the three different surgical approaches of conventional open total gastrectomy, laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy and robotic-assisted total gastrectomy published from 2015 to December 2021 was collected. NoteExpress was used to complete the literature screening process and to evaluate the quality of the included literature using the JADAD scale and NOS scale.
R-Studio software and Review Manager 5.4 software were used to perform the net
Meta-analysis.

Results

A total of 39,918 patients from 33 papers were eventually included in the study.Meta-analysis showed that robotic total gastrectomy took the longest operative time and was the most prone to postoperative abdominal haemorrhage of the three procedures included, but was the most effective in reducing postoperative hospital stay, preventing postoperative abdominal infection, postoperative pneumonia, postoperative anastomotic leakage and overall postoperative complications.

Conclusion

The da Vinci robot is safe and feasible in the treatment of gastric cancer. There are advantages and disadvantages to robotic-assisted treatment, and we look forward to continued improvements in the technology in the future, thereby improving the quality of life for patients with gastric cancer. Keywords gastric cancer; laparoscopically assisted gastrectomy; robot-assisted gastrectomy; network meta-analysis
Fostering Student STEM Interest and Identity Using Self-determination Theory
Authors: Chiu Thomas K.F. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

BackgroundStudent strongly positive (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) STEM interest and identity predict their future study and career choices in a STEM field. Integrated STEM programs provide a solution to the challenge of instilling students with an interest in the STEM field. However, STEM education studies addressing multiple disciplines are insufficient, as they have produced mixed findings and inadequate direction for advancing integrated STEM education. The literature suggests that self-determination theory (SDT) provides an understanding of motivational processes that influence the development of STEM interest and identity. This study investigated the effectiveness of teacher needs support on student STEM interest and identity development during a proposed 12-week SDT-based STEM program. Three hundred forty-two grade 9 students were randomly assigned to SDT and non-SDT groups during the program.ResultsCompared with the non-SDT group, the students in the SDT-based group demonstrated significantly stronger autonomy, competence, relatedness, and STEM interest and identity, in addition to greater intentions to choose elective STEM subjects. Moreover, structural equation modeling showed that the student perceived teacher needs support was a significant predictor of their development of STEM interest and identity. Perceived support for competence and relatedness were the strongest predictors. STEM identity was a predictor for the number of elective STEM subjects chosen.ConclusionThe results support the application of SDT in integrated STEM learning, and explain how supporting student needs affects their STEM interest and identity, which is crucial in interdisciplinary learning and the development of adolescent interest and identity in K-12. Moreover, the results contribute to SDT by adding a new dimension — STEM interest and identity — and presenting more evidence on how teacher needs support foster this dimension. These results have practical implications for advancing integrated STEM education in addition to new opportunities for using fewer resources to effectively foster student interest and identity in universal education.
A new chaotic image encryption algorithm based on transversals in a Latin square
Authors: Shen Honglian , Shan Xiuling , Xu Ming , Tian Zihong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
There are some good combinatorial structures suitable for image encryption. In this study, a new chaotic image encryption algorithm based on transversals in a Latin square is proposed. An n -transversal has the function of classifying all the matrix's positions, and it can provide a pair of orthogonal Latin squares. Employing an n -transversal of a Latin square, we can permutate an image data group by group for the first time, then use two Latin squares for auxiliary diffusion based on a chaotic sequence, finally make use of a pair of orthogonal Latin squares to do the second scrambling. As a whole, the encryption process of “scrambling-diffusion-scrambling” is formed. The experimental results indicate that this algorithm achieves a secure and fast encryption effect. The final information entropy is very close to 8, and the correlation coefficient is approximate to 0. All these tests verify the robustness and practicability of this proposed algorithm.
Characteristics and Perioperative Outcomes of Fracture in Elderly patients with Chronic Heart Failure: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zhang Yaqian , Fu Mingming , Guo Junfei , Zhao Yuqi , Wang Zhiqian , Hou Zhiyong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose is to observe the characteristics and perioperative outcomes of fracture in elderly adults with chronic heart failure (CHF).Methods: We searched elderly patients (≥ 65 years) with CHF who developed fracture from January 2017 to February 2021. The gender, age, fracture types, electrocardiogram (ECG), laboratory results, comorbidities, complications, length of hospital stay and mortality of these patients were collected. Risk factors for perioperative cardiovascular disease (CVD) were identified.Results: A total of 104 patients were brought into this study, including 65 female patients (62.5%) and 39 male patients (37.5%). The average age of these patients was 79.5 years old. In those 104 patients, 24 (23.1%) had HFrEF, 49 (47.1%) had HFmrEF, and 31 had HFpEF (29.8%). More than half of the patients had three or more comorbidities, and coronary artery disease was the most common comorbidity (60.6%). The incidence of perioperative CVD and non-cardiac complications was 59.6% and 95.1%, respectively. The mean length of hospital stay was 11.0 (7.0-19.0) days. The in-hospital mortality rate was 4.8%, and 1-year mortality rate was 19.2%. Arrhythmia (40%) was the most common perioperative CVD, and hypoalbuminemia (69.2%) was the most common non-cardiac complication. Multivariate analyses showed that age≥80 years, comorbidities≥3 and hip fracture were associated with increased rates of perioperative CVD.Conclusion: Our results revealed elderly CHF patients with more comorbidities are prone to perioperative CVD after fracture, more comprehensive prevention and integrated management approaches will be required for these patients.