bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inaccurate recognition of own comorbidities is associated with poor prognosis in elderly patients with heart failure
Authors: Maeda Daichi , Matsue Yuya , Kagiyama Nobuyuki , Jujo Kentaro , Saito Kazuya , Kamiya Kentaro , Saito Hiroshi , Ogasahara Yuki , Maekawa Emi , Konishi Masaaki , Kitai Takeshi , Iwata Kentaro , Wada Hiroshi , Hiki Masaru , Dotare Taishi , Sunayama Tsutomu , Kasai Takatoshi , Nagamatsu Hirofumi , Ozawa Tetsuya , Izawa Katsuya , Yamamoto Shuhei , Aizawa Naoki , Yonezawa Ryusuke , Oka Kazuhiro , Momomura Shin‐ichi , Minamino Tohru 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimsA patient's understanding of his or her own comorbidities is part of the recommended patient education for those with heart failure. The accuracy of patients' understanding of their comorbidities and its prognostic impact have not been reported.Methods and resultsPatients hospitalized for heart failure (n = 1234) aged ≥65 years (mean age: 80.1 ± 7.7 years; 531 females) completed a questionnaire regarding their diagnoses of diabetes, malignancy, stroke, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and coronary artery disease (CAD). The patients were categorized into three groups based on the number of agreements between self‐reported comorbidities and provider‐reported comorbidities: low (1–2, n = 19); fair (3–4, n = 376); and high (5–6, n = 839) agreement groups. The primary outcome was a composite of all‐cause mortality or heart failure rehospitalization at 1 year. The low agreement group had more comorbidities and a higher prevalence of a history of heart failure. The agreement was good for diabetes (κ = 0.73), moderate for malignancy (κ = 0.56) and stroke (κ = 0.50), and poor‐to‐fair for hypertension (κ = 0.33), COPD (κ = 0.25), and CAD (κ = 0.30). The fair and low agreement groups had poorer outcomes than the good agreement group [fair agreement group: hazard ratio (HR): 1.25; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.56; P = 0.041; low agreement group: HR: 2.74: 95% CI: 1.40–5.35; P = 0.003].ConclusionsThe ability to recognize their own comorbidities among older patients with heart failure was low. Patients with less accurate recognition of their comorbidities may be at higher risk for a composite of all‐cause mortality or heart failure rehospitalization.
Intramolecular Displacement Reactions Involving Sulfur Leading to the Formation of 3,6‐Thiaanhydro Sugar Derivatives during the Synthesis of 3,5‐Dithio‐glucofuranose
Authors: Liao Xiaoxiao , Yuan Kai , Crich David 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDuring a synthesis of 3,5‐dithio‐glucofuranose, we discovered two interesting intramolecular displacement reactions involving thiolate sulfur on the one hand and a thiirane sulfur on the other. Both generated 3,6‐thiaanhydro structures. We solved the intramolecular displacement problem by using a 5‐S,6‐O‐isopropylidene protecting group and accomplished 3,5‐dithio‐glucofuranose synthesis in 9 % overall yield.
Insights into the Gold‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 3‐Allyl‐1,4‐diynes for the Synthesis of Bicyclic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Yu Jhen‐Kuei , Czekelius Constantin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn efficient protocol for the synthesis of 3‐ethynyl‐2‐aryl‐bicyclo[3.1.0]hexenes through a gold‐catalyzed enyne cyclization was established in this work. Depending on the specific substitution pattern, unusual cationic rearrangements of the corresponding gold carbene were revealed, leading to either cyclohexadienes or 5,9‐methanobenzo[8]annulene derivatives, respectively.
Total Synthesis and Antibiotic Properties of Amino‐Functionalized Aromatic Terpenoids Related to Erogorgiaene and the Pseudopterosins
Authors: Schumacher Christian Eric , Rausch Marvin , Greven Tobias , Neudörfl Jörg‐Martin , Schneider Tanja , Schmalz Hans‐Günther 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFollowing a concept recently introduced by Hergenrother,[6] the present study addresses the question of whether certain antimicrobially active aromatic (marine) natural products can be converted into more potent broad‐spectrum antibiotics by introducing an aminoalkyl side chain. To this end, phenolic mono‐ and sesquiterpenoids (incl. carvacrol, xanthorrhizol, and 7‐hydroxycalamene) as well as the diterpenes 7‐hydroxyerogorgiaene and 9‐deoxypseudopterosin A were converted into amino‐functionalized analogs that display either an amino‐methyl or a 2‐amino‐ethoxy substituent in place of (or next to) the OH group. This was achieved either by Pd‐catalyzed nitromethylation/reduction of the aryltriflates, by O‐alkylation of the phenols with bromoacetonitrile and subsequent reduction, or by ortho‐hydroxymethylation/amination. During the study, an efficient enantioselective total synthesis of 7‐hydroxyerogorgiaene (8 steps, 29 % overall yield) and 9‐deoxypseudopterosin A (9 steps, 30 % overall yield) was elaborated using an asymmetric cobalt‐catalyzed hydrovinylation (91 % ee) of 3‐methoxy‐4‐methyl‐styrene as the chirogenic step. Other important C−C bond forming steps include a Pd‐catalyzed Suzuki cross‐coupling and diastereoselective Lewis acid‐mediated cyclization reactions. A total of 16 amino derivatives of natural products were prepared and subsequently tested for their antibacterial properties. Some of the diterpene‐derived amines showed high efficacy, not only against Gram‐positive (S. aureus SG511, S. aureus HG003, B. subtilis 168; MIC=0.5 to 2 μg/ml), but also against Gram‐negative bacterial strains (E. coli K12; E. coli I‐11276b; MIC=8 to 32 μg/ml). This clearly supported the underlying working hypothesis.
Psychosocial and psychophysical assessment in paediatric patients and young adults with chronic back pain: A cluster analysis
Authors: Ocay D. D. , Loewen A. , Premachandran S. , Ingelmo P. M. , Saran N. , Ouellet J. A. , Ferland Catherine E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundIdentifying subgroups with different clinical profiles may inform tailored management and improve outcomes. The objective of this study was to identify psychosocial and psychophysical profiles of children and adolescents with chronic back pain.MethodsOne hundred and ninety‐eight patients with chronic back pain were recruited for the study. Pain assessment was mainly conducted in the form of an interview and with the use of validated pain‐related questionnaires assessing their psychosocial factors and disability. All patients underwent mechanical and thermal quantitative sensory tests assessing detection and pain thresholds, and conditioned pain modulation efficacy.ResultsHierarchal clustering partitioned our patients into three clusters accounting for 34.73% of the total variation of the data. The adaptive cluster represented 45.5% of the patients and was characterized to display high thermal and pressure pain thresholds. The high somatic symptoms cluster, representing 19.2% of patients, was characterized to use more sensory, affective, evaluative and temporal descriptors of pain, more likely to report their pain as neuropathic of nature, report a more functional disability, report symptoms of anxiety and depression and report poor sleep quality. The pain‐sensitive cluster, representing 35.4% of the cohort, displayed deep tissue sensitivity and thermal hyperalgesia.ConclusionsThis study identified clinical profiles of children and adolescents experiencing chronic back pain based on specific psychophysical and psychosocial characteristics highlighting that chronic pain treatment should address underlying nociceptive and non‐nociceptive mechanisms.SignificanceTo our current knowledge, this study is the first to conduct cluster analysis with youth experiencing chronic back pain and displays clinical profiles based on specific physical and psychosocial characteristics. This study highlights that in a clinical context, chronic pain assessment should include multiple elements contributing to pain which can be assessed in a clinical context and addressed when pathoanatomical symptoms are unidentifiable.
Repeating stereotypes: Increased belief and subsequent discrimination
Authors: Oğuz Taşbaş Esra Hatice , Unkelbach Christian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPeople believe repeated information more than novel information. Classic research on this repetition‐induced truth effect used trivia statements as information and truth ratings as the main DV. We investigate how repeating stereotypes about groups influence the stereotypes' believability and decisions about group members. Participants learned positive stereotypes about two groups of aliens. However, for one group, we repeated the stereotypes. Then, participants completed a mock personnel selection task based on short CVs of the aliens. Finally, participants evaluated the truth of the presented stereotypes. Experiment 1 showed a preference for the group with repeated information and increased belief in repeated information. Experiment 2 replicated this pattern and excluded alternative explanations in terms of better memory, evaluative conditioning, and mere exposure. We thereby provide evidence for the repetition‐induced truth effect in the stereotyping domain and show the influence of mere information repetition on subsequent group‐based discriminatory behaviour.
Cyclic behaviour of precast beam‐to‐column connections with low seismic detailing
Authors: Batalha Nádia , Rodrigues Hugo , Arêde António , Furtado André , Sousa Romain , Varum Humberto 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBeam‐to‐column connections are a crucial element in industrial precast reinforced concrete (PRC) buildings. They are also the source of several damages reported after recent earthquakes. This typology of buildings is very common both in the Portuguese industrial park and throughout Europe. In order to have a better knowledge of the connection behaviour an extensive experimental work was done and it is here presented to characterize, under cyclic loading, the pure friction behaviour and friction and dowel beam–to–column behaviour. The research was focused on the parameters that might influence the seismic performance of the connections. These are the friction between elements, the absence or presence of dowels and their position on the column's corbel, and finally the different axial load level applied on the connections. The results presented in this study pointed to the importance of using neoprene pad between concrete faces, with the main objective of damage control. The use of mechanical connectors (dowels) was also highlighted as a source of increasing the strength of the beam–to–column connection in values greater than 50%.
Data and Diversity in the Development of Acute Water Quality Criteria in the United States
Authors: Coleman Alice L. , Edmands Suzanne 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is responsible for the development of water quality criteria, regulatory standards that protect aquatic organisms from harmful chemical exposure. Although these criteria are intended to be broadly protective of aquatic life, the data used to derive criteria do not necessarily reflect the actual diversity of natural communities nor are they available for most chemicals. In addition, although the USEPA's current procedures emphasize using toxicity data with a certain minimum amount of biological diversity, the quantitative impact of such diversity on criteria is unclear. In the present study we assessed the changes to acute toxicity data over time, determined the prevalence of significant taxonomic differences in sensitivity, and investigated the effect of biological diversity on criteria. We found major gaps in existing toxicity data that we hypothesize have contributed to the absence of acute criteria for the majority of chemical pollutants. Taxonomic patterns of sensitivity in these data are abundant, although the resolution of the patterns is relatively poor. In addition, we found that the amount of biological diversity in a toxicity data set and the data set's taxonomic composition does not quantitatively affect criteria in most cases. Because the USEPA has published acute criteria for fewer than 20% of priority pollutants and the persistence of major gaps in toxicity data over the last 37 years, we recommend that the USEPA consider revisions to their water quality criteria guidelines that will expedite the criteria development process and advance the responsible management of pollutants in the aquatic environment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1333–1343. © 2022 SETAC
Distribution of polyphenolic compounds, antioxidant potential, and free amino acids in Ziziphus fruits extract; a study for determining the influence of wider geography
Authors: Uddin Nisar , Muhammad Noor , Nisar Mohammad , Aisha  , Ali Niaz , Ullah Riaz , Ali Essam A. , Khan Azhar Abbas , Rahman Inayat Ur , Khan Anwar , Zeb Alam 
Published: January 2022

AbstractZiziphus fruits have attracted much attention within the field of medicine due to their high potential against central nervous system disorders. Abundance of secondary metabolites and their composition is key to the pharmaceutical potential and commercial qualities of plants. The in vitro antioxidant activities of Ziziphus nummularia (Burm. f.) and Ziziphus oxyphylla Edgew fruit extract were analyzed using 2,2‐diphenil‐1‐pycrilhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′‐azino‐bis (3‐ethylbenzothiazoline)‐6‐sulfonic acid (ABTS) free radical scavenging assay methods. Phenolic profiles were explored using high‐performance liquid chromatography‐diode array detector (HPLC‐DAD). The result revealed high concentration of polyphenols and their antioxidant potential. In Z. nummularia, the total phenolic content (TPC) (80.270 ± 0.422 μg/ml), DPPH (62.03 ± 0.98 μg/ml), ABTS (66.32 ± 0.73 μg/ml), and TFC (90.683 ± 0.274 μg/ml) were recorded. However, in Z. oxyphylla, DPPH and ABTS values were 60.66 ± 0.56 μg/ml and 61.55 ± 0.77 μg/ml, respectively, indicative of the impacts of climate and soil nutrients. The overall screening of phytochemicals revealed that both the Ziziphus species contain diverse bioactive compounds, including spinacetine‐3‐O‐(2 feruloyl glucopyranosyl)‐glucopyranoside, kaempferol‐3‐O‐glucoside‐7‐O‐glucoside, and caffeic acid; p‐hydroxybenzoyl hexose, p‐coumaric acid, salicylic acid, and ellagic acid pentoxide. Additionally, the highest concentrated amino acid noted was of Lue 0.19 g/100 g with 596.00 retention time (RT), followed by Thr>Ale>Isl>Phya>Val in Z. nummularia. Similarly, the highest concentration of Lue amino acid was recorded as 0.18/100 g with 564.52 RT followed by Pr>Thr>Ale>Lue>Isl>Phya>Val in all genotypes of Z. oxyphylla. Reporting of polyphenols rich and stable species along with identification of favorable regions of cultivation for amino acid, polyphenols, and higher antioxidant potential may lead the way for the identification of elite clones of the species as well as may result in new drug discovery.
Effects of the Covid‐19 pandemic on derivatives markets: Evidence from global futures and options exchanges
Authors: Emm Ekaterina E. , Gay Gerald D. , Ma Han , Ren Honglin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe examine key developments in trade‐related activity on global derivatives markets during the Covid‐19 pandemic. We first document significant increases in volumes and open interest. Drawing upon techniques from network theory, we next find greater market interconnectedness and notable changes in market centrality. For US exchanges, we examine their response to the increased market uncertainty and find large and more frequent changes to margin requirements. We also find a considerable drop in trader participation driven mainly by noncommercial traders along with an increase in the percent of open interest held by commercial shorts and noncommercial longs.
Dating stone arrangements using optically stimulated luminescence and fallout radionuclides
Authors: Kemp Justine , Olley Jon , Stout Justin , Pietsch Timothy ,   Mithaka Aboriginal Corporation
Published: January 2022

AbstractBuildings and monuments constructed from stone provide some of the best‐preserved surface archaeology, but their construction ages can be difficult to determine using radiocarbon techniques. In Australia, stone arrangements are recognised as architectural or symbolic features belonging to Aboriginal societies. The structures are predominantly inorganic with shallow infill, hampering attempts to determine their antiquity. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques have the potential to date these features, but their complex geometry requires careful consideration of the background radiation. Here, we present the first ages for Australian Aboriginal stone construction using single‐grain OSL techniques on quartz from stone arrangements in central Australia. Beta and gamma dose rates and the cosmic ray dose have been estimated from mapping the gross geometry of stone and sand courses. The resulting OSL ages are internally consistent and, together with fallout radionuclides137Cs and210Pb, indicate a minimum age for construction between 1959 and 1981 AD. We demonstrate that single‐grain OSL techniques can be used to determine the age of emplaced sand between stones and, assuming a stable substrate, can be used to date stone building construction as well as building occupation, providing chronologies for sites where organic material for radiocarbon analysis is limited or unavailable.
Viral mediated knockdown of GATA6 in SMA iPSC‐derived astrocytes prevents motor neuron loss and microglial activation
Authors: Allison Reilly L. , Welby Emily , Khayrullina Guzal , Burnett Barrington G. , Ebert Allison D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a pediatric genetic disorder, is characterized by the profound loss of spinal cord motor neurons and subsequent muscle atrophy and death. Although the mechanisms underlying motor neuron loss are not entirely clear, data from our work and others support the idea that glial cells contribute to disease pathology. GATA6, a transcription factor that we have previously shown to be upregulated in SMA astrocytes, is negatively regulated by SMN (survival motor neuron) and can increase the expression of inflammatory regulator NFκB. In this study, we identified upregulated GATA6 as a contributor to increased activation, pro‐inflammatory ligand production, and neurotoxicity in spinal‐cord patterned astrocytes differentiated from SMA patient induced pluripotent stem cells. Reducing GATA6 expression in SMA astrocytes via lentiviral infection ameliorated these effects to healthy control levels. Additionally, we found that SMA astrocytes contribute to SMA microglial phagocytosis, which was again decreased by lentiviral‐mediated knockdown of GATA6. Together these data identify a role of GATA6 in SMA astrocyte pathology and further highlight glia as important targets of therapeutic intervention in SMA.
Insight into the dynamics of micropolar fluid about a vertical cone when nonlinear thermal radiation is significant: The case of triple mixed convection
Authors: Patil P. M. , Shankar H. F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis novel research investigates the nonlinear triple diffusive combined convective micropolar liquid flow past a vertical cone in the presence of nonlinear thermal radiation, cross‐diffusion, and a convective boundary condition. We aim to analyze this present problem using nonsimilar transformations. This report presents the significance of nonlinear mixed convection, energy flux due to the concentration gradient, and mass flux due to the temperature gradient and nonlinear thermal radiation in the dynamics of the fluid subject with micropolar fluid is presented. The differential equations defining the boundary‐layer parameters are then transformed into dimensionless view, taking into account the nonsimilar transformation. Furthermore, the method of quasilinearization and implicit finite difference approximation is used to work out the nondimensional governing equations for the solution. The velocity pattern diminishes, while dimensionless temperature and concentration distributions enhance with growing values of microrotation parameter. Furthermore, species concentrations of the fluid increase with increasing Soret effect values, while opposite results appear for mass transfer rates. Also, drag coefficient enhances for assisting buoyancy flow whilst diminishes for opposing buoyancy flow with increasing values of the microrotation parameter. The microrotation pattern reduces with growing values of the nonsimilarity characteristics. Furthermore, the Prandtl number is displayed on a comparison graph, and the results are very similar.
Association of serotonin transporter gene polymorphism with efficacy of the antidepressant drugs sertraline and mirtazapine in newly diagnosed patients with major depressive disorders
Authors: Gulfishan Syed , Halder Sumita , Kar Rajarshi , Srivastava Shruti , Gupta Rachna 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe examined the association of serotonin receptor transporter gene polymorphism in patients with MDD with the clinical efficacy of mirtazapine (MZ) and sertraline (ST).MethodNewly diagnosed, treatment naïve, 80 MDD patients (aged 18–45) diagnosed using DSM‐5 criteria and with Beck's depression inventory score (BDI) score ≥21 were included and randomly divided into two groups of 40 participants and were administered MZ 15–45 mg/day or ST 25–200 mg/day respectively. Patients were followed up for 6 weeks for evaluation of BDI scores. Genotypic evaluation was done and three allele variants were identified based on the polymerase chain reaction fragment sizes: short (S; 486 bp), long (L; 529 bp), or extralong (XL; 612 or 654 bp) and classified into five genotypes: S/S,S/L, L/L, S/XL, and L/XL.ResultWe found that 32.5% patients belonged to the S/S genotype, suggesting that individuals with the SS genotype are at higher risk of developing MDD. No statistically significant association was seen with ST or MZ groups on the basis of genotypes. Clinically significant improvement was observed with a more than 50% reduction in BDI scores at 6 weeks of treatment with both drugs.ConclusionIdentification of risk population can be carried out by genotype testing. Prior genotyping in MDD patients might help to predict a better clinical outcome with antidepressants.