bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting pada Balita
Authors: Sari Nurul Indah , Harianis Sandra 
Published: July 2022

Stunting adalah gangguan perkembangan pada anak-anak yang dapat menyebabkan tubuh mereka menjadi pendek perawakannya. Faktor penyebab stunting ini tidak berlangsung begitu saja saat itu juga, melainkan stunting ini merupakan kondisi dari masalah kurang gizi yang terjadi pada masa lampau. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian stunting. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik korelasional dengan desain Cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 52 responden (balita 1-5 th) dengan teknik pengambilan sampel Purposive Sampling. Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah kelurahan tembilahan hilir pada bulan Desember 2020-Januari 2021. Analisis yang digunakan adalah uji Chi Square dan uji analisis regresi logistik berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh Pengetahuan (p value = 0,000), Pendapatan Keluarga (p value = 0,021), Riwayat Pemberian ASI Eksklusif (p value = 0,000), Pola Asuh (p value = 0,000), Berat Badan Lahir (p value = 0,000) dengan kejadian stunting dan tidak ada pengaruh riwayat penyakit infeksi dengan kejadian stunting pada balita (p value = 1,000). Disarankan agar masyarakat terutama ibu dan keluarga yang memiliki anak di bawah 5 tahun agar mematuhi dan melaksanakan program terkait dengan pemberian gizi seimbang pada balita dan menambah kreativitas untuk pemberian makanan pada anaknya.
Awareness And Practice of Cross Infection Control in Prosthodontics Department among the Undergraduates, Graduates and Postgraduates in a Tertiary Dental Health Care Institution
Authors: Rehman Bushra , Bano Vasiqa , Afzal Sana , Arshad Maliha , Rehan Areeba , Mustafa Sabeen 
Published: July 2022

Objective: To evaluate the awareness and practice of cross infection control among the undergraduates,graduates and postgraduates in Prosthodontics Department of a tertiary dental health care institution.Study Design: Cross-sectional survey.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in March 2022 to May 2022, at ProsthodonticsDepartment of Armed forces institute of Dentistry (AFID), a tertiary dental health care institution, Rawalpindi.Materials and Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were distributed. Data was analysed using IBM SPSSStatistics 24 software and descriptive statistics including frequencies were calculated.Results: The response rate was 100%. 99.2% participants had knowledge of sterilization, disinfection andasepsis. 98.5% believed that cross infection control is important in prosthodontics; 80% believed thatsterilization protocol is being followed in the tertiary dental health care institute. 88.5% used gloves and 86.5%disinfected dentures before final insertion. 66% did not use eyewear, 75.4% did not disinfect rubber bowl inbetween patients. 56.9% did not disinfect facebow before sending it to dental laboratory.Conclusion: The overall knowledge, attitude and performance of participants included in this study were foundto be satisfactory. Workshops and awareness programs should be conducted on regular basis for the studentsfrom the beginning of preclinical years of under graduation of dentistry.How to cite this: Rehman B, Bano V, Afzal S, Arshad M, Rehan A, Mustafa S. Awareness And Practice of Cross Infection Control in Prosthodontics Department among the Undergraduate, Graduates and Postgraduates in a Tertiary Dental Health Care Institution. Life and Science. 2022; 3(3): 134-140. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.239
Diagnostic Accuracy of Contrast Enhanced Flair Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diagnosis of Meningitis Taking Lumbar Puncture as Gold Standard
Authors: Jawwad Sobia , Gul Nadia , Mehmood Khalid , Iqbal Bushra , Afzal Kanza 
Published: July 2022

Objective: The objective of this article is to determine and compare the diagnostic accuracies of contrastenhanced FLAIR and T1W sequences of MRI brain in the detection of meningitis keeping lumbar puncture asgold standard.Study Design: Cross-sectional validation study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at Department of Diagnostic Radiology of POFHospital, Wah Cantt from 23 June 2019 to 22 March 2020.Materials and Methods: A total of 173 patients were included in the study by non-probability purposivesampling. Patients of age between 2-70 years, of either gender with suspected meningitis based on clinicalpresentation are included in our study. Patients in whom contrast enhanced MRI and lumbar puncture wascontraindicated, diagnosed patient of meningitis and non-consenting patients were excluded from this study.All patients received intravenous contrast medium gadolinium at rate of 0.2 ml/second. Post gadolinium T1Wand post gadolinium FLAIR images were acquired and evaluated by a consultant radiologist. Findings wererecorded on a prescribed performa. Patients were followed and results of lumbar puncture were collected fromlaboratory.Result: The mean age was 26.4±23.5 year ranging from 2 to 70 years. Out of 173 patients, 98 patients (56.6%)were male and 75 patients (43.4%) were female. Clinical presentations were as follows: poor feeding, irritabilityand lethargy 86 (49.7%), headache 137 (79.2%), nausea/vomiting 125 (72.3%), neck stiffness 89 (51.4%),altered level of consciousness 132 (76.3%), seizures 78 (45.1%) and local neurological deficit 45 (26%).Diagnostic accuracy of contrast enhanced MRI FLAIR in diagnosing meningitis taking lumbar puncture goldstandard showed sensitivity 91%, specificity 85%, PPV 87.6%, NPV 89.4% and diagnostic accuracy 88.4%.Diagnostic accuracy of contrast enhanced MRI T1W in the diagnosis of meningitis taking lumbar puncture goldstandard revealed sensitivity 60.2%, specificity 77.5%, PPV 75.6%, NPV 62.6% and diagnostic accuracy 68.2%.Conclusion: The sensitivity and specificity of post contrast FLAIR sequence is greater as compared to postcontrast T1W sequence to detect meningeal enhancement. Therefore, for all patients with suspicion ofmeningitis, post contrast FLAIR sequence should be added to MRI brain protocol as a routine sequence.How to cite this: Jawwad S, Gul N, Mehmood K, Iqbal B, Afzal K. Diagnostic Accuracy of Contrast Enhanced Flair Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diagnosis of Meningitis Taking Lumbar Puncture as Gold Standard. Life and Science. 2022; 3(3): 120-126. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.259
PENGARUH PROMOSI KESEHATAN DENGAN MEDIA LEAFLET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN PENCEGAHAN HIPERTENSI PADA LANSIA DI KAMPUNG SAWAH JAKARTA UTARA
Authors: Manullang Conidya Erika , Rosalina Enna 
Published: July 2022

Data yang diperoleh peneliti saat mengukur tekanan darah pada 97 lansia di Kampung Sawah Jakarta Utara, menunjukkan sebanyak 83,5% lansia terkena hipertensi dan hasil wawancara yang didapat dari para lansia, peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa para lansia belum pernah mengikuti penyuluhan mengenai hipertensi. Pengetahuan yang baik mampu meningkatkan kualitas hidup penderita hipertensi dengan salah satu upaya pengendalian yaitu meningkatkan pengetahuan melalui promosi kesehatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh promosi kesehatan dengan media leaflet terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan pencegahan hipertensi pada lansia di Kampung Sawah Jakarta Utara dengan menggunakan metode Quasi Eksperimen Nonequivalent Control Group Design Pretest-posttest. Sampel menggunakan rumus deskriptif kategorik Dahlan sebanyak 97 lansia, berusia 46-65 tahun terbagi dalam kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian univariat menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden berkategori lansia awal (46-55 tahun) sebanyak 63,9%, berjenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 68% dan berpendidikan dasar sebanyak 37,1%. Hasil uji bivariate menggunakan non-parametik dengan Uji statistik menggunakan Mann-Whitney U. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) 0,000 < 0,05 yang artinya ada perbedaan pengetahuan kelompok intervensi sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan promosi kesehatan dan Uji Wilcoxon dengan nilai Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) 0,000 < 0,05 yang artinya ada pengaruh perbedaan pengetahuan kelompok intervensi dengan kelompok kontrol sesudah dilakukan promosi kesehatan.
Speckle Interferometry at SOAR in 2021
Authors: Tokovinin Andrei , Mason Brian D. , Mendez Rene A. , Costa Edgardo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The speckle interferometry program at the the 4.1 m Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope (SOAR), which started in 2008, now has accumulated over 30,300 individual observations of 12,700 distinct targets. Its main goal is to monitor orbital motion of close binaries, including members of high-order hierarchies and low-mass dwarfs in the solar neighborhood. The results from 2021 are published here, totaling 2623 measurements of 2123 resolved pairs and nonresolutions of 763 targets. The median measured separation is 0.″21, and 75 pairs were closer than 30 mas. The calibration of scale and orientation is based on the observations of 103 wide pairs with well-modeled motion. These calibrators are compared to the latest Gaia data release, and minor (0.5%) systematic errors were rectified, resulting in accurate relative positions with typical errors on the order of 1 mas. Using these new measurements, orbits of 282 binaries are determined here (54 first determinations and 228 corrections). We resolved for the first time 50 new pairs, including subsystems in known binaries. A list of 94 likely spurious pairs unresolved at SOAR (mostly close Hipparcos binaries) is also given.
Radio Emission of Pulsars. I. Slow Tearing of a Quantizing Magnetic Field
Authors: Thompson Christopher 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The pulsed radio emission of rotating neutron stars is connected to slow tearing instabilities feeding off an inhomogeneous twist profile within the open circuit. This paper considers the stability of a weakly sheared, quantizing magnetic field in which the current is supported by a relativistic particle flow. The electromagnetic field is almost perfectly force free, and particles are confined to the lowest Landau state, experiencing no appreciable curvature drift. In a charge-neutral plasma, we find multiple branches of slowly growing tearing modes, relativistic analogs of the double-tearing mode, with peak growth rate

s
≳
4
π

k

˜

y

J

z

/

B

z

. Here, B

z
is the strong (nearly potential) guide magnetic field, J

z
the field-aligned current density, and

k

˜

y

is the mode wavenumber normalized by the current gradient scale. These modes are overstable when the plasma carries a net charge, with the real frequency

ω
∼
s
·
∣

n

0

+

−

n

0

−

∣

/

(

n

0

+

+

n

0

−

)

proportional to the imbalance in the densities of positive and negative charges. An isolated current sheet thinner than the skin depth supports localized tearing modes with growth rate scaling as (sheet thickness/skin depth)−1/2. In a pulsar, the peak growth rate is comparable to the angular frequency of rotation,

s
≳
2

k

˜

y

Ω

, slow compared with the longitudinal oscillations of particles and fields in a polar gap. The tearing modes experience azimuthal drift reminiscent of subpulse drift and are a promising driver of pulse-to-pulse flux variations. A companion paper demonstrates a Cerenkov-like instability of current-carrying Alfvén waves in thin current sheets with relativistic particle flow and proposes coherent curvature emission by these waves as a source of pulsar radio emission.
Modeling the Solar Wind Turbulent Cascade Including Cross Helicity: With and Without Expansion
Authors: Grappin Roland , Verdini Andrea , Müller W.-C. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Simulations of the turbulent cascade forming in the solar wind, including cross helicity, commonly adopt a homogeneous setup, not taking into account wind expansion. Here we want to assess the predictions of decaying 3D compressible (low Mach number) MHD simulations, respectively homogeneous and with expansion, in order to examine which is the most fruitful approach to understanding the turbulent cascade in the solar wind. We follow turbulent evolution during 10 nonlinear turnover times, considering several initial values of the initial spectral slope and cross helicity. In the expanding case, the transverse sizes of the plasma volume are stretched by a factor of 5 during the simulation, corresponding to traveling from 0.2 up to 1 au. In homogeneous simulations, the relative cross helicity rises, and the Elsässer spectra E
± show “pinning,” with a steep dominant spectrum and flat subdominant spectrum, the final spectral indices depending on cross helicity but not initial indices. With expansion, the relative cross helicity decreases, and dominant and subdominant spectra share the same index, with the index relaxing to an asymptotic value that generally depends on the initial index. The absence of pinning, as well as the decrease of relative cross helicity, probably both rely on the permanent injection by expansion of an excess of magnetic energy at the largest scales, equivalent to injecting subdominant energy. Also, spectra generally steepen when initially starting flatter than k
−5/3 but stop evolving at a finite time/distance.
What Determines Active Region Coronal Plasma Composition?
Authors: Mihailescu Teodora , Baker Deborah , Green Lucie M. , van Driel-Gesztelyi Lidia , Long David M. , Brooks David H. , To Andy S. H. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The chemical composition of the solar corona is different from that of the solar photosphere, with the strongest variation being observed in active regions (ARs). Using data from the Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on Hinode, we present a survey of coronal elemental composition as expressed in the first ionization potential (FIP) bias in 28 ARs of different ages and magnetic flux content, which are at different stages in their evolution. We find no correlation between the FIP bias of an AR and its total unsigned magnetic flux or age. However, there is a weak dependence of FIP bias on the evolutionary stage, decreasing from 1.9 to 2.2 in ARs with spots to 1.5–1.6 in ARs that are at more advanced stages of the decay phase. FIP bias shows an increasing trend with average magnetic flux density up to 200 G, but this trend does not continue at higher values. The FIP bias distribution within ARs has a spread between 0.4 and 1. The largest spread is observed in very dispersed ARs. We attribute this to a range of physical processes taking place in these ARs, including processes associated with filament channel formation. These findings indicate that, while some general trends can be observed, the processes influencing the composition of an AR are complex and specific to its evolution, magnetic configuration, or environment. The spread of FIP bias values in ARs shows a broad match with that previously observed in situ in the slow solar wind.
GRB Afterglow of the Sub-relativistic Materials with Energy Injection
Authors: Fraija N. , Kamenetskaia B. Betancourt , Galvan-Gamez A. , Dainotti M. G. , Becerra R. L. , Dichiara S. , Veres P. , do E. S. Pedreira A. C. Caligula 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Sub-relativistic materials launched during the merger of binary compact objects and the core collapse of massive stars acquire velocity structures when expanding in a stratified environment. The remnant (either a spinning magnetized neutron star (NS) or a central black hole) from the compact object or core collapse could additionally inject energy into the afterglow via spin-down luminosity or/and by accreting fallback material, producing a refreshed shock, modifying the dynamics, and leading to rich radiation signatures at distinct timescales and energy bands with contrasting intensities. We derive the synchrotron light curves evolving in a stratified environment when a power-law velocity distribution parameterizes the energy of the shock, and the remnant continuously injects energy into the blast wave. As the most relevant case, we describe the latest multiwavelength afterglow observations (≳900 days) of the GW170817/GRB 170817A event via a synchrotron afterglow model with energy injection of a sub-relativistic material. The features of the remnant and the synchrotron emission of the sub-relativistic material are consistent with a spinning magnetized NS and the faster blue kilonova afterglow, respectively. Using the multiband observations of some short bursts with evidence of kilonovae, we provide constraints on the expected afterglow emission.
Data-driven Derivation of Stellar Properties from Photometric Time Series Data Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Blancato Kirsten , Ness Melissa K. , Huber Daniel , Lu Yuxi(Lucy) , Angus Ruth 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Stellar variability is driven by a multitude of internal physical processes that depend on fundamental stellar properties. These properties are our bridge to reconciling stellar observations with stellar physics and to understand the distribution of stellar populations within the context of galaxy formation. Numerous ongoing and upcoming missions are charting brightness fluctuations of stars over time, which encode information about physical processes such as the rotation period, evolutionary state (such as effective temperature and surface gravity), and mass (via asteroseismic parameters). Here, we explore how well we can predict these stellar properties, across different evolutionary states, using only photometric time-series data. To do this, we implement a convolutional neural network, and with data-driven modeling we predict stellar properties from light curves of various baselines and cadences. Based on a single quarter of Kepler data, we recover the stellar properties, including the surface gravity for red giant stars (with an uncertainty of ≲0.06 dex) and rotation period for main-sequence stars (with an uncertainty of ≲5.2 days, and unbiased from ≈5 to 40 days). Shortening the Kepler data to a 27 days Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite–like baseline, we recover the stellar properties with a small decrease in precision, ∼0.07 for log g and ∼5.5 days for P
rot, unbiased from ≈5 to 35 days. Our flexible data-driven approach leverages the full information content of the data, requires minimal or no feature engineering, and can be generalized to other surveys and data sets. This has the potential to provide stellar property estimates for many millions of stars in current and future surveys.
Existence of the Closed Magnetic Field Lines Crossing the Coronal Hole Boundaries
Authors: Huang Guan-Han , Lin Chia-Hsien , Lee Lou-Chuang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Coronal holes (CHs) are regions with unbalanced magnetic flux and have been associated with open magnetic field (OMF) structures. However, it has been reported that some CHs do not intersect with OMF regions. To investigate the inconsistency, we apply a potential-field (PF) model to construct the magnetic fields of the CHs. As a comparison, we also use a thermodynamic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model to synthesize coronal images and identify CHs from the synthetic images. The results from both the potential-field CHs and synthetic MHD CHs reveal that there is a significant percentage of closed field lines extending beyond the CH boundaries and more than 50% (17%) of PF (MHD) CHs do not contain OMF lines. The boundary-crossing field lines are more likely to be found in the lower latitudes during active times. While they tend to be located slightly closer than the non-boundary-crossing ones to the CH boundaries, nearly 40% (20%) of them in PF (MHD) CHs are not located in the boundary regions. The CHs without open field lines are often smaller and less unipolar than those with open field lines. The MHD model indicates higher temperature variations along the boundary-crossing field lines than the non-boundary-crossing ones. The main difference between the results of the two models is that the dominant field lines in the PF and MHD CHs are closed and open field lines, respectively.
Accurate Modeling of Lyα Profiles and Their Impact on Photolysis of Terrestrial Planet Atmospheres
Authors: Peacock Sarah , Barman Travis S. , Schneider Adam C. , Leung Michaela , Schwieterman Edward W. , Shkolnik Evgenya L. , Loyd R. O. Parke 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Accurately measuring and modeling the Lyα (Lyα; λ1215.67 Å) emission line from low-mass stars is vital for our ability to build predictive high energy stellar spectra, yet interstellar medium (ISM) absorption of this line typically prevents model-measurement comparisons. Lyα also controls the photodissociation of important molecules, like water and methane, in exoplanet atmospheres such that any photochemical models assessing potential biosignatures or atmospheric abundances require accurate Lyα host star flux estimates. Recent observations of three early M and K stars (K3, M0, M1) with exceptionally high radial velocities (>100 km s−1) reveal the intrinsic profiles of these types of stars as most of their Lyα flux is shifted away from the geocoronal line core and contamination from the ISM. These observations indicate that previous stellar spectra computed with the PHOENIX atmosphere code have underpredicted the core of Lyα in these types of stars. With these observations, we have been able to better understand the microphysics in the upper atmosphere and improve the predictive capabilities of the PHOENIX atmosphere code. Since these wavelengths drive the photolysis of key molecular species, we also present results analyzing the impact of the resulting changes to the synthetic stellar spectra on observable chemistry in terrestrial planet atmospheres.
L’avenir du système d’alliances américain face au retour de la compétition stratégique
Authors: Mauger Adrien 
Published: July 2022

Les États-Unis se sont longtemps passés d’alliés. La menace du communisme a effacé cette tradition et a lié l’Amérique à une toile sans précédent de partenariats. La guerre froide achevée, les réseaux et organisations nés de cette période se sont retrouvés dépourvus de sens. Le retour de la puissance russe et le défi chinois ont cependant mobilisé l’Amérique, en quête de nouveaux partenaires, dans le Pacifique en particulier. Une difficulté : préserver la confiance de ses alliés. Une inconnue : la capacité du système politique américain à mener une stratégie partenariale de long terme.
Se confronter aux limites : les batailles de la longue urgence
Authors: Canabate Alice 
Published: July 2022

L’écologisation de la société est aujourd’hui manifeste, tout comme semble l’être la nécessité d’agir sans attendre face à une aggravation permanente de la situation de notre planète. Pourtant, nul consensus ne se dégage sur les chemins à emprunter pour parvenir à infléchir la trajectoire sur laquelle nous sommes. Entre les récits continuistes, qui proposent des solutions technologiques, et les récits qui suggèrent la nécessité d’une rupture et dont l’ambition est de promouvoir la sobriété, les écarts en matière de transformations socio-culturelles sont élevés. Face à cette confrontation aux limites, c’est le projet de la modernité qui est, in fine , interrogé. Derrière ces récits sourdent ainsi surtout des batailles d’orientations politiques et des visions du futur divergentes. Nous nous emploierons ici à en esquisser la ligne de fracture au travers de l’exemple de la décroissance, qui loin de contourner les limites, les accepte et se réorganise en conséquence, et celui de la géo-ingénierie, qui incarne, à l’inverse, un techno-enthousiasme réformateur et conçu comme fonction du niveau de progrès attendu par une croissance verte aux ambitions ordonnatrices.