bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical Approach for DNA Extraction of Food Born Linguatula serrata Nymphs: an Analytical Method
Authors: Eslami Gilda , Hajimohammadi Bahador , Khalatbary Sepideh , Zohortabar Amin , Ardian Mahmoud 
Published: January 2022

Background: Isolation of high quality genomic DNA is one of the most important steps in molecular biology studies related to food borne parasites. Usually, various protocols are used for different tissues but so far, there is no common, simple and cost benefit procedure for genomic DNA extraction of Linguatula serrata (L. serrata.) larvae as a Pentastomida endangering food safety. One of the procedures used in other studies is using commercial kits that are very expensive especially for developing countries which have this health problem. This study investigated a simple and cost-benefit method to extract genomic DNA form L. serrata.
Materials and Methods: In this study, after collection of larvae from sheep, washing was done with phosphate buffer saline. The samples were grinded and incubated in lysis buffer at 56ÂºC overnight. The precipitation was done in absolute ethanol. Extracted DNA was analyzed using Agarose gel Electrophoresis and Spectrophotometery.
Results: Results indicated that the mean concentration of extracted DNA was 59.3Â±2.84 ng/Î¼l, and the mean ratio of A(260)/ (280) was 1.6Â±0.3.Â It seems that the efficacy of this modified extraction method for L. serrata is appropriate.
Conclusion: In conclusion, this simple, cost-effective, fast and easy to use method could replace inexpensive commercial kits in molecular laboratories for DNA extraction of Pentastomida and some other similar tissues. So, application of this analytical method could be useful to improve the safety of food especially liver and other meat products.
Histopathological Characteristics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: An Iranian Issue
Authors: Zamani Mohammad Mahdi , Etemadi Mehrnoosh , Nazemi Amir Masoud , Rajabiani Afsaneh , Abdollahi Alireza 
Published: January 2022

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies among Iranian women. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is referred to a type of breast cancer which three biomarkers of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), are negative.
Materials and Methods: In this case control study, immunohistopathologic data of patients with TNBC were compared with non-TNBC patients. According to pathological reports, frequency, age, gender, type, size, and tumor grade, involvement and the number of involved lymph nodes, mitosis, Ki-67, necrosis, nuclear grade, tumor side, involvement of the margins, skin involvement, nipple involvement, tumor location, vascular invasion, perineural invasion, presence of in-situ compartment and the benign accompanied tumors, granulomatosis reaction, and calcification were compared between both groups.
Results: Two hundred fourteen pathological samples of patients with breast cancer were evaluated. TNBC was seen in about 14% of breast cancers in this study on Iranian population. The mean age of TNBC group was 43Â±12 years and non-TNBC was 50Â±12 years (p=0.03). TNBC had significantly higher grade, high mitotic indices, more possibility of P53 positivity and higher level of Ki-67. Presence of vascular and nerve invasion and involvement of the margins at the time of diagnosis were seen in the TNBC group comparing with the non-TNBC group.
Conclusion: Younger age, higher grading, neurovascular invasion, P53 positivity, and high levels of Ki-67, lead clinicians to evaluate the biomarkers of TNBC, and in case of confirming TNBC diagnosis, appropriate treatment methods should be added to the routine ones in breast cancer.
Serum Levels of Fatty Acid Binding Protein 5 Decreased in Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Mansouri Mahsa , Mojtahedi Zahra , Ghayyoumi Mohammad Ali , Montazari Narges , Sahraian Hamidreza , Ghalamfarsa Ghasem 
Published: January 2022

Background: The aberrant expression of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), triose phosphate isomerase (TPI) and fatty acid binding-protein 5 (FABP5) in lung cancer tissues and their presence in secretome of lung cancer cell lines were reported. Here, serum levels of these molecules in lung cancer patients were compared to those in a healthy control group.Materials and Methods: The patientsâ€™ group consisted of 50 newly diagnosed male patients with a mean age of 65.3Â±11.5 years (27 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 7 adenocarcinoma, and 16 small cell carcinoma). Thirty eight apparently healthy men (mean aged 65.1Â±11.4) served as the control group. ELISA was employed for quantification.Results: Comparison between patients and controls revealed no significant difference, although FABP5 level was lower in patients (3.2 vs. 4.8; p=0.09). Analysis of each type of lung cancer with controls indicated that patients with SCC had significantly lower levels of FABP5 than in controls (2.7 vs. 4.8 ng/ml; P=0.03).Conclusion: Comparison between patients and controls revealed no significant difference, although FABP5 level was lower in patients (3.2 vs. 4.8; p=0.09). Analysis of each type of lung cancer with controls indicated that patients with SCC had significantly lower levels of FABP5 than in controls (2.7 vs. 4.8 ng/ml; P=0.03).[GMJ. 2014;3(4):222-7]
An Assessment of Frequency of Dermatologic Diseases in Patients Admitted to Shiraz Referral Dermatology Ward, Southern Iran 2008-2011
Authors: Dastgheib Ladan , Saki Nasrin , Kardeh Sina , Rezaei Zakaria 
Published: January 2022

Background: As the early and accurate diagnosis of all diseases, including skin disorders directly influences the duration of treatment and its costs, which may be a significant burden, it is very important for physicians to be familiar with all types of diseases, especially those with a higher incidence in population. Considering that disease patterns vary from region to region and there is no demographic data on patterns of skin diseases in Fars Province, we aimed to assess the frequency of skin diseases in admitted patients to Dermatology Ward of Shahid Faghihi Hospital.
Materials and Methods: The medical records of 1450 patients, who completed a questionnaire during the years 2008 to 2011, were evaluated in this retrospective study. Demographic data and diagnoses of skin diseases were analyzed by SPSS software and classified according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10).
Results: Pemphigus (12.5%), drug rash (11.7%) and eczema (10.5%) were the most common cause of referral to dermatology ward. The mean age of patients was 41.89Â±20.79 and the average length of hospitalization in this study was 9.34 days.
Conclusion: The high occurrence rate of Pemphigus and drug rash indicates that further study is required to root out the underlying causes. Proper health policies should be implemented to manage these diseases.
Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Water Binding Capacity and Mechanical Behavior of Gelatin-Ferula Oil Film as a Wound Dressing Material
Authors: Kavoosi Gholamreza , Shakiba Amin , Ghorbani Mahmood , Dadfar Seyed Mohammad Mahdi , Mohammadi Purfard Amin 
Published: January 2022

Background: Development of biodegradable and biocompatible films based on protein polymer with strong antioxidant and antibacterial activities has gradually obtained extensive concern in the world. In this study, the improvement of gelatin film properties incorporated with Ferula assa-foetida essential oil (FAO) as a potential antioxidant/antibacterial wound dressing film was investigated. Materials and Methods: Gelatin films were prepared from gelatin solutions (10% w/v) containing different concentration of FAO. The effect of FAO addition on water solubility, water swelling, water vapor permeability, mechanical behavior, light barrier properties as well as antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the films were examined. Results: Water solubility, water swelling and water vapor permeability for pure gelatin films were 29 Â± 1.6%, 396 Â± 8%, 0.23 Â± 0.018 g.mm/m2.h, respectively. Incorporation of FAO into gelatin films caused a significant decrease in swelling and increase in solubility and water vapor permeability. Tensile strength, elastic modulus and elongation at break for pure gelatin films were 4.2 Â± 0.4 MPa, 5.8 Â± 4.2 MPa, 128 Â± 8 %, respectively. Incorporation of FAO into gelatin films caused a significant decrease in tensile strength and elastic modulus and increase in elongation at break of the films. Gelatin film showed UV-visible light absorbance ranging from 280 to 480 nm with maximum absorbance at 420 nm. Gelatin/FAO films also exhibited excellent antioxidant ad antimicrobial activities. Conclusions: Our results suggested that gelatin/FAO films could be used as active films due to their excellent antioxidant and antimicrobial features for different biomedical applications including wound-dressing materials.[GMJ.2015;4(2):103-14]
Restless Leg Syndrome in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and its Effect on Frequency of Daytime Sleepiness and Fatigue of the Patients
Authors: Ashjazadeh Nahid , Shamszadeh Zahra 
Published: January 2022

Background: Restless leg syndrome (RLS), fatigue and daytime sleepiness are three known co-morbidities in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of RLS in patients with MS and its effect on the frequency of fatigue and daytime sleepiness in these patients. Material and Methods: One hundred twenty patients who referred to the Inpatients Neurology Ward of Chamran hospital, affiliated with the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, from June 2014 to March 2015, were selected as the study participants. The patients with clinically definite MS, according to the 2010 Revised Mc-Donald criteria, and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) â‰¤5.5 were included. RLS, fatigue and daytime sleepiness were assessed by the criteria of the International RLS study group (IRLSSG), fatigue severity scale (FSS) and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) respectively and the related statistical analyzes were conducted. Results: Seventy eight patients (65%) met all the four IRLSSG criteria, 77 patients (64.1%) suffered from fatigue and only 36 patients (30%) had excessive daytime sleepiness. RLS was not significantly linked to mean age, sex, MS duration, and daytime sleepiness of the studied MS patients, but fatigue was more frequent in MS patients with RLS, which was statistically significant (P=0.018). Conclusion: The main result of this study is that RLS is a common comorbidity in MS and the patients with MS, who also suffer from RLS. They have frequently experienced higher fatigue symptoms than those without RLS. Therefore, the appropriate diagnosis and management of RLS may improve both RLS and fatigue in these patients. [GMJ. 2016;5(1):7-12]
Discharge Against Medical Advice: A Qualitative Case Study
Authors: Shafaghat Tahereh , Jabbari Alireza , Kavosi Zahra , Hosseini Seyed Mojtaba , Ayoubian Ali , Aidun Amir , Rahimi-Zarchi Mohammad Kazem 
Published: January 2022

Background: The most important criterion for healthcare success is customersâ€™ satisfaction. The number of patients leaving the hospital on their own decision or Against Medical Advice (AMA) can be a sign of their discontent and a problem with considerable importance. In this regard, the present study was designed aiming at evaluating the causes of AMA discharges at a hospital affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative study on all patients who were discharged AMA from the studied hospital during 3 months in 2012 (March 21 â€“ June 21). Data were collected through telephone interviews. All interviews were written by the researcher and analyzed using grounded theory with thematic method. Results: The most frequent reasons for discharge AMA were classified into 3 general themes: issues related to hospital status, the staff and the patients. Additionally, the most frequent reasons causing discharge AMA were as follows; 1. Sense of recovery; 2. Failure to register discharge order despite verbal order, 3. Physicians and nursesâ€™ inadequate care (technically); 4. Lack of informing the patients and their relatives as to the patientâ€™s condition properly; 5. Crowded wards; 6. Lack of attention to patients by the staff (emotionally). Â Conclusion: It seems that if hospital managers want to reduce discharge AMA, it is better to consider the causes. Based on such causes, effective intervention can be implemented which may differ in terms of resource-consuming. [GMJ. 2016;5(1):31-41]
Review of Stroke: The 2nd International and the 8th National Iranian Stroke Congress : Shiraz, Iran
Authors: Borhani-Haghighi Afshin 
Published: January 2022

Dear reader,Stroke is a major health problem in Iran as other developing countries. Meanwhile, epidemiological characteristics of stroke in Iranian population are different with other countries. Both population-based and hospital-based studies showed that incidence and mortality of stroke in Iran is higher than most western countries [1,2]. Higher rates of patients with young-adult stroke in Iranian population are a prominent feature too [3]. In the same time, prevalence of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is higher than western populations [4] but the frequency of the intracranial stenosis is more or less same as Europeans [5]. The high prevalence of atherosclerotic disease in Iran can be attributed to social and economic factors, including increased life span, changes in dietary habits and an increasingly sedentary lifestyle [6]. In the light of these changes, Iranian health policymakers should consider concerted primary and secondary preventive measures to reduce the impact of this increasingly problematic public health issue.Iranians who have had a stroke consider their social, financial and rehabilitative support to be inadequate. Moreover, awareness of the manifestations of stroke is poor in the Iranian general population [7]. Consequently, the clinical status of stroke patients by the time they are transferred to the referral center may be worse than it could have been. There is an urgent need for Iranian hospitals to develop better measures to manage acute stroke patients.The second international Iranian stroke congress was held from 23-25 September 2015 in Shiraz, Iran. This Conference was a joint effort of the Clinical Neurology Research Center of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and Iranian Stroke Association.Here we presented some selected reviews from outstanding platforms of this congress. Ghandehari presented the epidemiology of stroke in Iran [8]. Safari et al presented a comprehensive review about immunology of stroke [9]. Abolhasani-Foroughi and Nazeri summarized the role of Computed topography scan for diagnosis and treatment planning of stroke patients [10].Lotfi discussed about pearls and pitfalls of color doppler sonography of cervical arteries [11]. We also have three reviews about clinical and radiologic aspects of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis [12-14]. Two reviews focused on importance of rehabilitation in new stroke era [15,16].
Evidence- based Policy and Decision-Making among Health Managers: A Case of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Bastani Peivand , Kavosi Zahra , Ali Poori Somayeh , Imani Nasab Mohammad Hassan 
Published: January 2022

Background: According to the importance of evidence-based policy-making in health scope, this study was conducted to investigate the present situation of decision-making among medical managers.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study carried out on all the managers worked in one of the hospitals, health centers, medical schools and central departments of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2016. A questionnaire containing demographic data and 50 questions was applied to 5 sections: attitude (9), subjective norms (13), perceived controlled behavior (22), intention (3) and behavior (3). Choronbache Î± was between 0.73-0.91 emphasizing a good reliability, the questionnaire`s content and face validity were 0.83 and 0.67 respectively. Data was analyzed using Independent t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation. Results: The greatest frequency of the respondents belongs to the men (77/85.1%), and the majority of the respondents were in an age range from 30 to 40 years. The highest mean score was related to the indirect attitude (8.17), and the lowest was obtained for the indirect perception (1.21). There was a statistical relationship between the mean score of direct and indirect controlled perceived behavior according to the participantsâ€™ educational level (P=0.03 and P=0.043, respectively). A significant relationship was also be observed between direct behavior and educational major (P=0.044). Pearson correlation indicates a significant positive relationship between the manager intention for evidence-based policy-making and all the other variables. Conclusion: It seems that the present situation of evidence-based decision-making is not appropriate for the university managers. In this regard, planning for the effective courses in knowledge translation, evidence-based policy-making and advanced searching along with monitoring the managersâ€™ decision outcomes through an internal and external audit can have an effective role in improving decisions and enhancing evidence application. [GMJ.2017;6(1):30-38]
Effect of Echinacea Purpurea Extract on Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Neonatal Rats
Authors: Ghorbani Yekta Batool , Ahmadzadehfar Noushin Zahra , Yazdanjo Sepideh 
Published: January 2022

Background: The use of herbal products is increased among people wordwide. Regarding lacking evidence on the use of herbal medication in children, this study was aimed to determine the effects of Echinacea Purpurea extract on anxiety-like behavior in neonatal rats. Materials and Methods: Forty male Wister strain pups in four groups received i.p injections of E. Purpurea extract (40, 80, and 250 mg/kg) or saline on 5th to 9th postnatal days. All pups were examined for anxiety test on the 22nd postnatal day in the elevated plus-maze test. During the test, parameters include percentage of open arm time (%OAT), percentage of open arm entry (%OAE), head dipping, rearing and locomotor activity have been measured. Results: In the present study, administration of 40, 80 and 250mg/kg doses of the E. Purpurea extract revealed a significant decrease in the %OAT compared to saline group (P<0.01). The E. Purpurea extract decreased head dipping parameters (P<0.01) and increased rearing parameters (P<0.01). E. Purpurea did not significantly change the locomotor activity. Conclusions: The results of present study showed that postnatal administration of E. Purpurea extract increases anxiety in neonatal rats comparing to control group. [GMJ.2017;6(1):52-60]
The Effect of Classic Chest Physiotherapy on Postoperative Pain Scores and Hospital Stay in Patients Undergoing Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Zolfaghari Mohammad , Mirhosseini ُSeyed Jalil , Baghbeheshti Maryam , Bauer Brent A. 
Published: January 2022

Background: Chest physiotherapy (CPT) is a care that increases the mobilization of several structures from both muscle and subcutaneous tissue. We planned to investigate the effect of classic CPT on pain, fatigue, satisfaction, and hospital length of stay (LOS) in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial that conducted on 50 patients undergoing elective off-pump CABG. The patients have been randomly divided into two groups; in the group A (n=25) patients received physiotherapy at a single session of classic CPT, 4 times during 2nd to 5th days for 15 minutes in every session, in the group B (n=25) patients had not protocol of this exercise therapy (control). Results:The average age of all participants was 62.08 ±9.08 years. Of the 50 patients, 33 (66%) was male. Classic CPT significantly decreased pain (P=0.04), hospital LOS (P=0.010) and could increase in patients’ satisfaction (P<0.001). However, it had no considerable effect on fatigue (P=0.725). Conclusion: According to our findings, classic CPT could improve postoperative care after off-pump CABG surgery. [GMJ.2018;7:e838]
Impact of Physical Activity on the Incidence of Vascular Diseases in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Pezeshki Babak , Bahramali Ehsan , Ansari Amir , Karimi Aliasghar , Sabet Mohammad , Frajam Mojtaba , Dehghan Azizallah 
Published: January 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disease worldwide and has many complications. Vascular events are the major complication of DM, which have an important effect on mortality and disability. Physical activity (PA) enhances the vascular function by several pathways. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between PA and vascular diseases in patients with DM. Materials and Methods: This study was performed as a case-control study extracted from a prospective epidemiological research study in Iran. Patients with type 2 DM for more than six months as a case group were compared to sex- and age-matched healthy control subjects. The metabolic equivalent of task score was used to evaluate the level of PA and blood glucose, lipid profile, body mass index, overweight, dyslipidemia, glomerular filtration rate, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and stroke. Results: Overall, 1242 patients with DM were extracted, and 2484 non-DM subjects were investigated. In the case group, 355 (28.6%) and 887 (71.4%) subjects were men and women, respectively, and 710 (28.6%) men and 1774 (71.4%) women were in the control group. The mean metabolic equivalent of task score was 30 and 40.97 in the DM and non-DM groups, respectively (P˂0.001). The frequency of myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiac ischemia was 44 (3.5%), 37 (3%), and 267 (21.5%) in the DM group, and 54 (2.2%), 43 (1.7%), and 389 (15.7%) in the non-DM group, respectively. Conclusion: The incidence of vascular events associated with PA level in patients with DM and adherence to regular PA reduced vascular events and DM complications. [GMJ.2019;8:e1549]
A MUSICALIZAÇÃO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL
Authors: Silva Milena Moreira Barros da , Rocha Marinélia De Oliveira , Azevedo Gilson Xavier de 
Published: January 2022

Esta pesquisa objetiva trazer a importância da música na vida das crianças da educação infantil, mencionar como a música contribui para o desenvolvimento da criança e relatar a importância da música no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Dessa forma, o projeto de ensino e educação tem a seguinte problemática: Qual a importância da música e da musicalização na aprendizagem e desenvolvimento infantil? Pesquisamos esse tema por perceber que na educação infantil os professores em geral trabalham muito a música em sala de aula. A presente pesquisa pode ser classificada segundo Gil (2002) como Exploratória de caráter Bibliográfico, com pesquisa de campo, utilizando como Ferramenta o desenvolvimento de atividades com o público alvo. Apresento o projeto “musicalizando” elaborado por uma professora da Educação Infantil Márcia Martins, realizado na escola Canarinho que fica no DF, que explica como trabalhar a música em sala de aula. A justificativa do tema está na importância de o professor trabalhar a música com as crianças de forma que estimule o aprender infantil, pois trabalhar a musicalização é um processo de construção do conhecimento que desperta nas crianças o prazer pelas diversas áreas do conhecimento, contribuindo a mesma na organização da memória, da percepção e do pensamento das crianças, sendo também um instrumento facilitador do processo de ensino aprendizagem, trazendo uma linguagem importante, pois é um meio de expressar sentimentos e ideias. Acredito que o presente estudo, contribua para a formação do docente, sendo um facilitador na construção do ensino. Comprovando a importância da utilização da música no ensino aprendizagem.