bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New magnetorheological engine mount with controllable stiffness characteristics towards improved driving stability and ride comfort
Authors: Yang Jian , Sun Shuaishuai , Ezani Saeid , Gong Ning , Deng Lei , Zhang Shiwu , Li Weihua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Engine mount is an important subassembly installed between the chassis and the engine. Its importance is mainly reflected by its capability of protecting the car body from the engine-induced vibrations. The current semi-active engine mount works to mitigate the vibration by changing its damping, while the property of variable stiffness can further suppress the vibrations by reducing the vibration transmissibility. Therefore, this paper developed a new magnetorheological engine mount which can change its stiffness to shift the natural frequency of the mounting system away from the excitation frequency so that resonance can be avoided when the engine is starting. The stiffness controllability also meets the stiffness design conflict between vibration isolation requirement and engine stability requirement when the cars drive on rough roads. The characterization test has verified its field-dependent properties that the effective stiffness has increased by 80.65% and the equivalent damping coefficient has increased by 26.85% as the applied current increases from 0 A to 1.5 A. Then a vibration isolation test was performed to evaluate the mounting system’s vibration reduction performance using a commercial internal combustion engine. The test results verified that the new magnetorheological engine mount under the semi-active control algorithm named Short Time Fourier Transformation is much better at suppressing the engine-induced vibrations than under passive control. And finally, a stability test was conducted and it verified that the new magnetorheological engine mount under Short Time Fourier Transformation control algorithm (semi-active control) performed better stability than the passive control. These experimental results indicate that this new magnetorheological engine mount is highly effective in isolating the engine-induced vibrations and keeping the driving stability.
The jetting process and spreading characteristics of the power-law fluids for material jetting process
Authors: Sun Chaochao , Chu Xiangcheng , Chen Jiaqi , Chen Di , Ren Jingzhi , Yuan Songmei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Materials jetting, known as one of the 3D printing technologies, is widely applied in microelectronics packaging, biology and ceramic 3D printing due to its ability to print multi-materials by drop-on-demand. However, most of the materials are power-law fluids in 3D printing applications, the generation of satellites during the jetting process and droplet spreading characteristics are unclear and they have a great effect on the quality of the printout. In this paper, a common electromechanical and fluid-solid coupling model of the jet dispenser and observation platform of the jetting process are established. This modeling method is also suitable for other needle-driven jet dispensers. A commercial UV resin is adopted to study the jetting process of power-law fluid. To reveal the mechanism of satellite generation, the effects of input signals (rising time and falling time) on the dynamic characteristics of the needle and the jetting process are analyzed. On the basis thereof, the effectiveness of the optimal control parameters is demonstrated to eliminate satellites. In addition, the simulation and experimental results show that the falling time and fluid pressure can be controlled to adjust the spreading diameter and height of the droplet. Subsequently, the minimum line width of 0.276 mm is successfully printed with a nozzle of 0.07 mm.
A coupling model for the cooperative actuation mechanism of thermochemically responsive shape memory polymers
Authors: Wang Xiaodong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Thermochemically responsive shape memory polymers (SMPs) have attracted great interest in biomedical applications such as drug-releasing capsules and implantable medical stents, because body temperature can drive their shape recovery behaviors. However, it is difficult to determine the configurational dynamics of polymer segments due to the complexities of environmental stimuli (e.g. solute concentration, temperature change, and solvent diffusion). Besides, the cooperative actuation mechanism behind the thermochemical-driven shape memory effect (SME) is still poorly understood. In this study, we describe the effects of temperature and solvent absorption on conformational rearrangements in SMPs using the size change of cooperative rearrangement region (CRR) derived from the Adam–Gibbs model. The quasi-lattice model is further combined with Fick’s second law to characterize the kinetic diffusion behavior of solvent molecules in the CRR. The dependences of dual- and quadruple-SMEs in amorphous SMPs on immersion time, solution concentration, and programming temperature are quantitatively investigated using the proposed model. The theoretical results are also compared with experimental data and a good agreement is achieved. The proposed model is expected to provide theoretical guidance for understanding the working mechanism of thermochemically responsive SMPs and advancing their engineering applications.
Study of new double perovskites Tl2PtX6 (X = Cl, Br, I) for solar cells and thermoelectric applications
Authors: Younas Muhammad , Mahmood Q , Kattan Nessrin A , Alshahrani Thamraa , Mera Abeer , Amin Mohammed A , Mersal Gaber A M , Somaily H H 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The double perovskite materials are exceptional for energy applications due to their non-toxic, efficient, and eco-friendly nature. Here, we comprehensively addressed the electronic, optical, and thermoelectric characteristics of double perovskites Tl2PtX6 (X = Cl, Br, I). The tolerance factor and formation energy, an important criterion for the existence of structural and thermodynamic stability are computed. The strong p-d hybridization between cations (Pt) and anions (Cl, Br, I) tune the band gaps from 2.83 eV, 2.18 eV, and 1.35 eV. The diminution of band gap due to replacement of Cl to I anions shifts the absorption to visible region. For detailed analysis, the optical behavior is explored from 0–5 eV in terms of absorption, optical loss, dielectric constants, and reflection of light from materials under study. Furthermore, thermoelectric behavior has been examined by power factor, Seebeck coefficient, and figure of merit. The high figure of merit and ultralow lattice thermal conductivity increased their significance for thermoelectric applications.
Highly sensitive photodetectors on the basis of Au-oxide-n-GaP0.4As0.6
Authors: Diuldin M V , Melebayew D , Terukov E , Hogland W , Kosolapov V.M. , Bobyl A V , Pashikova T D , Garadzha N , Shamuhammedowa M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the results of studies of the photoelectric properties of Au-oxide-n-GaP0.4As0.6 nanostructures with different thicknesses of oxide layer (10-100Å) in the visible and ultraviolet regions of the spectrum. As a result, photodetectors of UV radiation based on Au-oxide-n-GaAs0.6P0.4 nanostructures with an optimal thickness of the oxide layer (δ=30-60 Å) were developed. The creation of highly effective photodetectors of solar ultraviolet radiation (λ=280-400 nm, hυ=3,1-4,43 eV) for ecological purposes has been reported.
Improving the efficiency of potato growing in Russia
Authors: Korshunov A V , Simakov E A , Anisimov B V , Mityushkin A V , Gaitova N A , Zhuravlev A A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In modern conditions, for the stable and cost-effective development of large-scale potato production, it is necessary to provide agricultural enterprises and peasant (farm) farms with high-quality seed material of new promising varieties of Russian breeding. However, according to the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Rosselkhoznadzor”, the share of certified seed potatoes of foreign varieties continues to increase from 26.8% in 2004 to 86.7% in 2021, while the share of domestic varieties decreases from 66.2% to 13.3%, respectively. In order to overcome the dependence of commodity producers on the import of foreign seed material, to meet the increased requirements for the consumer and culinary qualities of potato tubers and the structure of the intended use of the crop, priority areas for improving breeding and seed production in the near future have been identified. The results of purposeful selection of new potato varieties differing in the parameters of the main economically useful features that determine their intended use in accordance with the requests of the domestic potato market are presented. A system of measures to improve the efficiency of potato growing is proposed, which provides for the development of breeding and seed production based on the use of the potential of domestic varieties and increasing the production of high-quality seed material of higher reproductions. This will speed up the transition of agricultural enterprises and peasant (farm) farms to use only certified seeds for planting at least the 2nd reproduction.
Ecological and chemical assessment of the status of water bodies in the Vologda region
Authors: Hamitova S , Popova A , Fedchenko E , Ivanova M , Fedchenko V 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Pollution of water bodies as a result of natural and anthropogenic activities presents a global problem. The article analyzes the ecological and chemical state and balance in terms of biogenic macro- and microelements of water bodies of non-centralized water supply in the northwestern part of the Vologda region. The study examines the water in 7 rivers, 5 lakes and 4 springs of the Districts of Vologda, Vytegra, Belozersk, Vashki and Kirillov. Based on the composition analysis of the samples taken, the research shows that the water used does not meet the regulatory requirements in terms of turbidity, color, fluoride ion, total iron, chemical oxygen demand (COD). According to microbiological indications the water from the studied sources does not meet the sanitary and hygienic standards in terms of the total coliform bacteria and the total microbial count (TMC) in rivers and lakes. The most polluted rivers for all the indicators considered are the Komela and Kema. The evaluation of the samples according to the physiological usefulness and balance of the chemical composition reveals that water is mainly assessed as well-balanced in terms of biogenic macro- and microelements content being chloride-hydrocarbonate calcium and magnesium-calcium.
Assessment of annual emissions of 14C isotopes at nuclear power plants and their impact on the radiation dose of the population and plants
Authors: Savin D , Kosolapov V , Zhuchenko A , Switala F 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The necessity of controlling emissions of carbon – 14 (14C) isotope into the atmosphere during the operation of a nuclear power plant is substantiated. It is determined that the main negative effect of the carbon isotope 14C has on humans and animals. Plants are less susceptible to this influence. A method for measuring the emission into the atmosphere of 14C is proposed. The analysis of various studies on the amount of 14C emissions at various nuclear power plants was carried out. The calculation of the amount of carbon isotope 14C is performed. The annual radiation dose of the population from the release of 14C was estimated. Various options for reducing the amount of 14C in emissions at nuclear power plants are considered.
Features of population impact on soil pollution in small towns
Authors: Yakusheva M A , Davydov R V , Sanin S S , Karakotov S D 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The study of the ecological condition of soils in small towns as a factor of sustainable development of territories is substantiated. Various samples were collected from the territories of small towns in the Leningrad Oblast (Russian Federation) and the suburbs of St. Petersburg (for example, the town of Pushkin). The influence of the city size and population number on the processes of soil pollution is considered on the basis of the generalized data. Quantitative information about the accumulation of metals by soils in different categories of settlements is given. The concentration of certain elements in soils in the cities grouped by the number of inhabitants is determined, as well as the environmental hazards of pollution. The ecological hazard of the accumulation of chemical elements in soils and the primary role of Pb and Zn as pollutants in all cities are considered. The accumulation in the soil cover in significant concentrations of Cd, Co and Ca, which significantly change the ecological and geochemical situation in urban landscapes, has been noted. It was determined that such elements as As, Cu and Cl are the key ecological-geochemical pollutants in four groups of settlements. Groups of settlements with different values of the absolute variation of element concentrations have been established.
Phytoextraction of mercury-contaminated soils
Authors: Makarova A S , Nikulina E A , Tsirulnikova N V , Pishchaeva K V , Kushu A Y 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Mercury is a naturally occurring element that has become an extremely hazardous pollutant as a result of exceeding natural levels in the environment due to intense human activity. Considered the safest and most economical technology, phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals has been actively studied by scientists in many countries since the end of the last century. This article presents a study of the vegetation of mercury-contaminated soils using a culture of white mustard (Sinapis alba), a new complexing agent. This is a study of a new chelating agent representing the class of polycarboxylic acids. The monoethanolamine salt of bitiodioacetic acid, in which the sulfur atom enters into the structure of the molecule and acts as a coordination partner for mercury, creates a high selectivity of the interaction. Studies have shown a pronounced effect of the chelating agent on the efficiency of mercury phytoextraction. In such cases, white mustard seedlings showed a good physiological state, increased development of biomass. The monoethanolamine salt of bitiodioacetic acid can be characterized as a highly effective reagent; however, more extensive testing is still needed to understand various aspects of its action.
Assessment of the level of soil pollution of agricultural lands Kotlin Island
Authors: Shurupov D M , Kosolapov V , Savchenko I , Switala F 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The article deals with the problems of soil contamination with various dangerous elements on the example of various territories of Kotlin Island (Russian Federation). This island has a very high load on the ecological system due to military installations, factories and heavy traffic through the dam. Soils from various regions of Kotlin Island were studied for the presence of heavy metals in them. There is limited agricultural activity in these areas. Multiple sampling was carried out from the sites of the selected territories. The samples were examined on an X-ray spectrometer. A relationship has been established between the sampling site and the level of contamination with various heavy metals. A comparison with previously obtained data by other scientists was made, and a trend in pollution change was established. Proposed measures to reduce the level of pollution.
Selection of lines and hybrids of f1 carrots (daucus l.) by the type of seed bush
Authors: Startseva L V 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The purpose of our research was to identify the effectiveness of selections by type of carrot seed bush, taking into account the degree of genetic homogeneity of the material of varieties, lines and hybrids obtained from saturating crosses, as well as to determine tolerant samples from the collection for interspecific and saturating crosses. As a result of the selection of table carrots for heterosis, the study of the patterns of variation of traits on seed plants of carrot varieties, lines and hybrids was carried out and their corresponding genetic and statistical parameters of traits were determined. As a result of our research, it was revealed that, despite the significant dependence of the type of seed bush on environmental conditions, it is still possible to conduct selection on it. However, it is necessary to take into account the degree of genetic homogeneity of the studied material. In our opinion, the most effective selection by the type of seed bush is possible among the lines, which is confirmed by the results of our observations. Thus, a number of lines were identified and selected, the variation of which according to the type of bush during the years of research was insignificant or absent.
Features of Monitoring the Radioactive Situation in the Surface Air Layer and Precipitation near a Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Isupova E V , Zavalin A A , Alferov A A , Rud S V 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The influence of nuclear power plants on the population and agricultural fields located within a radius of 150 km from the nuclear power plant is considered. The features of monitoring the radioactive situation in the surface layer of the air have been studied. The volumetric activity of 137Cs near the nuclear power plant has been estimated. A sufficiently accurate way of placing monitoring installations has been determined (taking into account the direction of the winds, the distance to the nuclear power plant, and nearby settlements). It has been established that some radionuclides, which are currently poorly controlled, require additional measurements. A variant of replacing cuvettes with sides with universal collection tanks is proposed to provide more precise control. The placement of monitoring installations fully complies with the IAEA recommendations.
Potential of wind generators as additional source of energy in hybrid renewable energy systems located in Baltic region
Authors: Kostik N R , Tarasov S A , Bobyl A V , Terukov E I 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Study of the joint daily variability of wind speed and solar activity in the region of Gulf of Finland and its impact on renewable energy sources. The influence of external factors on the variability of total output power of ground-based wind turbines and solar photovoltaic panels is investigated. To a small extent, wind turbines are able to complement the generation of renewable energy sources: 15% –30% wind turbines and 70% –85% solar photovoltaics is preferable ratio of renewable energy sources. Comparing two similar climate regions in different scenarios lead economic feasibility strongly corelate with fuel prices. Standalone diesel generators can be quite effective at first, but in the long-term it is not viable solution due to fuel costs. Combined wind-PV renewable energy system is more profitable, but it has higher initial cost.
Cluster model of agrotourism development and its propaganda among the youth
Authors: Yu Mironkina A , Kharitonov S S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The article presents a model of the scientific and information cluster of agrotourism, which unites farms, agricultural organizations, personal subsidiary farms, a research institute and a higher educational institution of agricultural profile. This model is aimed at the development of agrotourism among young people. The activities on promotion of agrotourism dedicated to event tourism are analyzed. It is proposed to create a scientific and information portal “Agrotourism” to increase the promotion of Russian agrotourism.
Nonlinear orbital angular momentum conversion with spatial-amplitude independence
Authors: Jiang Jia-Qi , Wu Hai-Jun , Yu Bing-Shi , Li Chun-Yu , Zhang Xin-Yu , Hu Xiao-Peng , Shi Bao-Sen , Zhu Zhi-Han 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Nonlinear optics with structured light can provide a host of important functions for shaping the spatial and temporal structure of light, and the most commonly used is frequency conversion. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a novel nonlinear toolkit capable of tuning the frequency and orbital angular momentum (OAM) of signal beams simultaneously, and importantly that does not change the spatial amplitude structure of the signal. This unique frequency interface is enabled by using a special structured pump called a vortex super-Gaussian beam that has a flattop amplitude distribution and tunable vortex wavefront. This technique provides a dual interface of frequency and OAM, and may inspire many potential applications involving OAM beams.
Maximal connected 𝑘-subgroups of maximal rank in connected reductive algebraic 𝑘-groups
Authors: Sercombe Damian 
Published: October 2022

Let

k
k

be any field and let

G
G

be a connected reductive algebraic

k
k

-group. Associated to

G
G

is an invariant first studied in the 1960s by Satake [Ann. of Math. (2) 71 (1960), 77–110] and Tits [Théorie des Groupes Algébriques (Bruxelles, 1962), Librairie Universitaire, Louvain; Gauthier- Villars, Paris, 1962], [Algebraic Groups and Discontinuous Subgroups (Proc. Sympos. Pure Math., Boulder, Colo., 1965), Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, R.I., 1966, pp. 33–62] that is called the index of

G
G

(a Dynkin diagram along with some additional combinatorial information). Tits [Algebraic Groups and Discontinuous Subgroups (Proc. Sympos. Pure Math., Boulder, Colo., 1965), Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, R.I., 1966, pp. 33–62] showed that the

k
k

-isogeny class of

G
G

is uniquely determined by its index and the

k
k

-isogeny class of its anisotropic kernel

G
a

G_a

. For the cases where

G
G

is absolutely simple, all possibilities for the index of

G
G

have been classified in by Tits [Algebraic Groups and Discontinuous Subgroups (Proc. Sympos. Pure Math., Boulder, Colo., 1965), Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, R.I., 1966, pp. 33–62]. Let

H
H

be a connected reductive

k
k

-subgroup of maximal rank in

G
G

. We introduce an invariant of the

G
(
k
)

G(k)

-conjugacy class of

H
H

in

G
G

called the embedding of indices of

H
⊂
G

H \subset G

. This consists of the index of

H
H

and the index of

G
G

along with an embedding map that satisfies certain compatibility conditions. We introduce an equivalence relation called index-conjugacy on the set of

k
k

-subgroups of

G
G

, and observe that the

G
(
k
)

G(k)

-conjugacy class of

H
H

in

G
G

is determined by its index-conjugacy class and the

G
(
k
)

G(k)

-conjugacy class of

H
a

H_a

in

G
G

. We show that the index-conjugacy class of

H
H

in

G
G

is uniquely determined by its embedding of indices. For the cases where

G
G

is absolutely simple of exceptional type and

H
H

is maximal connected in

G
G

, we classify all possibilities for the embedding of indices of

H
⊂
G

H \subset G

. Finally, we establish some existence results. In particular, we consider which embeddings of indices exist when

k
k

has cohomological dimension 1 (resp.

k
=

R

k=\mathbb {R}

,

k
k

is

p

\mathfrak {p}

-adic).
Towards a bumpy ride into the sunset: on the mutual termination of IIAs and their sunset clauses
Authors: Lauvaux Arthur 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Sunset clauses in International Investment Agreements (IIAs) have recently become the subject of renewed attention after the European Commission and European Union (EU) Member States announced their intention to abrogate sunset clauses found in intra-EU IIAs as part of their plan to end existing intra-EU IIAs. Sunset clauses (or survival clauses) are provisions commonly found in IIAs that extend their application for a given period of time after their termination. This article reflects on the consequences of terminating IIAs and simultaneously depriving sunset clauses of their legal effects, and explores how investors could nonetheless attempt to bring disputes arising out of their investments before arbitral tribunals.