bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First-in-human phase 1/1b study to evaluate sitravatinib in patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: Bauer Todd , Cho Byong Chul , Heist Rebecca , Bazhenova Lyudmila , Werner Theresa , Goel Sanjay , Kim Dong-Wan , Adkins Douglas , Carvajal Richard D. , Alva Ajjai , Eaton Keith , Wang Judy , Liu Yong , Yan Xiaohong , Christensen Jamie , Neuteboom Saskia , Chao Richard , Pant Shubham 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSitravatinib (MGCD516), a spectrum-selective receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting TAM (TYRO3, AXL, MERTK) and split kinase family receptors, has demonstrated preclinical anti-tumor activity and modulation of tumor microenvironment. This first-in-human phase 1/1b study included sitravatinib dose exploration and anti-tumor activity evaluation in selected patients with advanced solid tumors. Primary objectives included assessment of safety, pharmacokinetics and clinical activity of sitravatinib. Secondary objectives included identifying doses for further investigation and exploring molecular markers for patient selection. In phase 1, 32 patients received 10–200 mg, while phase 1b dose expansion comprised 161 patients (150 mg n = 99, 120 mg n = 62). Maximum tolerated dose was determined as 150 mg daily. Dose-limiting toxicity was reported in 4/28 evaluable phase 1 patients (three at 200 mg, one at 80 mg). In phase 1b, 120 mg was defined as the recommended dose due to tolerability. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were experienced by 174/193 patients (90.2%); grade ≥ 3 TRAEs in 103 patients (53.4%). Most common TRAEs were diarrhea, fatigue, hypertension and nausea; TRAEs led to treatment discontinuation in 26 patients (13.5%) and death in one patient. Sitravatinib was steadily absorbed and declined from plasma with a terminal elimination half-life of 42.1–51.5 h following oral administration. Overall objective response rate was 11.8% in phase 1b, 13.2% in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 4.2% in patients with NSCLC with prior checkpoint inhibitor experience. Sitravatinib demonstrated manageable safety and modest clinical activity in solid tumors. NCT02219711 (first posted August 14, 2014).
Frequency and Content of the Last Fifty Years of Papers on Aristotle’s Writings on Biological Phenomena
Authors: Sharpley Christopher F. , Koehn Clemens 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAristotle is often named as the first zoologist or biologist because of his writings on animals. Although Aristotle’s major intention in these books was to illustrate his ideas of how knowledge and understanding might advance, at least one modern biologist (C. Darwin) has recognized Aristotle's depth and breadth as being of surviving merit. Of greater surprise is the ongoing attention that his works continue to receive, including publications in contemporary scientific journals. This review identifies 38 peer-reviewed papers on various topics from Aristotle’s biological writings that have been published during the last 50 years. These papers are described according to content (genetics, population biology, anatomy, brain, movement), specific creatures (fish, scorpions, elephants, insects, birds), publication outlet, distribution over the fifty year period surveyed, and visible trends in the topics studied. It is concluded that, in the highly-competitive field of peer-reviewed scientific publication and citation, Aristotle's biology continues to excite the interest of scientists and remains salient to modern science itself.
The importance of dynamic open-canopy woodlands for the conservation of a specialist butterfly species
Authors: Habel Jan Christian , Teucher Mike , Gros Patrick , Gfrerer Verena , Eberle Jonas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Context
Intensification of land-use caused a reduction of ecosystem heterogeneity and diversity, and subsequently led to dramatic decrease of biodiversity. Species depending on dynamic ecosystems are particularly affected from this trend of land-use intensification, landscape homogenization, and the optimization of land-use. Forest species suffer under the intensification of forest management, in the worst case transforming light and heterogeneous deciduous forests into species-poor intensively used deciduous forests optimized for wood production. This lead to the destruction of a mosaic consisting of various successional stages in parallel.

Objective
In this study we analyse the relevance of forest heterogeneity, forest disturbance and microhabitat preferences of egg oviposition and larval development for a highly endangered butterfly species, Euphydryas maturna. This butterfly species mainly occurs in light and moist deciduous forests, such as riparian forests along mountain streams in northern Austria.

Methods
We combine detailed field observations with high resolution aerial pictures taken with an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to build ensemble habitat suitability models from GAM, GBM, GLM, and Maxent models.

Results
We found that egg ovipositions take place exclusively on the tree species Fraxinus excelsior, preferably exposed to the south, partly shaded, and at medium height (3 m). Our habitat suitability models based on high resolution aerial pictures indicate that egg ovipositions are clustered and accumulate along forest edges and at sites with high forest heterogeneity.

Conclusion
Our study underlines the high relevance and importance of light deciduous forest structures with environmental dynamics creating the preconditions of specific microhabitat structures for endangered species, such as E. maturna. Our study shows that UAV-captured high precision aerial imagery are well suited to optimally connect two spatial scales, the ecosystem and microhabitat scale.
AI-based adaptive personalized content presentation and exercises navigation for an effective and engaging E-learning platform
Authors: Sayed Wafaa S. , Noeman Ahmed M. , Abdellatif Abdelrahman , Abdelrazek Moemen , Badawy Mostafa G. , Hamed Ahmed , El-Tantawy Samah 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEffective and engaging E-learning becomes necessary in unusual conditions such as COVID-19 pandemic, especially for the early stages of K-12 education. This paper proposes an adaptive personalized E-learning platform with a novel combination of Visual/Aural/Read, Write/Kinesthetic (VARK) presentation or gamification and exercises difficulty scaffolding through skipping/hiding/ reattempting. Cognitive, behavior and affective adaptation means are included in developing a dynamic learner model, which detects and corrects each student’s learning style and cognitive level. As adaptation targets, the platform provides adaptive content presentation in two groups (VARK and gamification), adaptive exercises navigation and adaptive feedback. To achieve its goal, the platform utilizes a Deep Q-Network Reinforcement Learning (DQN-RL) and an online rule-based decision making implementation. The platform interfaces front-end dedicated website and back-end adaptation algorithms. An improvement in learning effectiveness is achieved comparing the post-test to the pre-test in a pilot experiment for grade 3 mathematics curriculum. Both groups witnessed academic performance and satisfaction level improvements, most importantly, for the students who started the experiment with a relatively low performance. VARK group witnessed a slightly more improvement and higher satisfaction level, since interactive activities and games in the kinesthetic presentation can provide engagement, while keeping other presentation styles available, when needed.
Quality of life impairment after a diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome
Authors: Webb Susan M , Valassi Elena 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis brief review is devoted mainly to publications in the last 5 years dealing with health-related quality of life (QoL) after a diagnosis of endogenous hypercortisolism, due to pituitary-dependent Cushing’s disease (CD) or any other cause of Cushing syndrome (CS). Despite improvement after treatment, persistent physical morbidity, neurocognitive problems like worse executive capacity and memory as well as stress intolerance, depressive symptoms and more anxiety, lead to long-term impairment of QoL.
Polymetallic (zinc and cadmium) hyperaccumulation in the Australian legume Crotalaria novae-hollandiae compared to Crotalaria cunninghamii
Authors: Tang Roger H. , Nkrumah Philip N. , Erskine Peter D. , van der Ent Antony 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeHyperaccumulators are plants with the ability to tolerate and accumulate high concentrations of potentially phytotoxic metals. The Australian legumeCrotalaria novae-hollandiaeaccumulates remarkably high concentrations of zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) in its shoots when growing on metalliferous (Zn-Cd ‘calamine’) soils. This study aimed to investigate zinc-cadmium tolerance inC. novae-hollandiaeand to compare it with the closely related, but non-metalliferous,C. cunninghamii.MethodsCrotalaria cunninghamiiandC. novae-hollandiaewere exposed to Zn (3–1000 μM) and Cd (0–60 μM) treatments in hydroponics culture. At the end of the experiment, harvested plants were segmented into roots, old and young stems, old and young leaves for elemental analysis with Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Laboratory-based micro-X-ray fluorescence (μXRF) analysis was used to elucidate elemental distribution in a shoot and in leaflets.ResultsCrotalaria cunninghamiiaccumulated up to 1210 μg Zn g−1and 47.6 μg Cd g−1in its leaves, with a 75% reduction in biomass in the Zn treatment.Crotalaria novae-hollandiaeaccumulated up to 16,600 μg Zn g−1and 1250 μg Cd g−1, with a 70% increase in biomass when exposed to Zn. The species both exhibited chlorosis and stunted growth in the Cd treatments, while onlyC. cunninghamiiexhibited toxicity symptoms in Zn treatment.ConclusionsCrotalaria novae-hollandiaehas limited tolerance for Cd and based on the accumulation and distribution of foliar Zn and Cd it is suspected thatC. novae-hollandiaehas different uptake and tolerance mechanisms when compared to other widely studied Zn-Cd hyperaccumulators (such asNoccaea caerulescensandArabidopsis halleri).
Root diameter decreases and rhizosheath carboxylates and acid phosphatases increase in chickpea during plant development
Authors: Pang Jiayin , Kim Hee Sun , Boitt Gustavo , Ryan Megan H. , Wen Zhihui , Lambers Hans , Sharma Manish , Mickan Bede , Gadot Gautier , Siddique Kadambot H. M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background and aims
This study investigated whether root traits at the seedling stage are maintained at the flowering stage in two chickpea (Cicer arietinum) genotypes with contrasting root morphology and physiology; and whether the genotype with greater rhizosheath carboxylates mobilises more poorly-available phosphorus (P) pools to increase shoot P at flowering/podding and seed yield at maturity.

Methods
Two chickpea genotypes were grown in a low P soil with or without P addition (0 and 40 µg P g−1 soil as KH2PO4) under controlled glasshouse conditions and harvested at seedling, flowering/podding, physiological maturity.

Results
At the seedling and flowering/podding stages, ICC2884 had thinner roots and greater root mass ratio, specific root length and rhizosheath carboxylates per root dry weight (DW) than ICC456. Both genotypes had smaller root diameter, higher carboxylates and acid phosphatase activity in rhizosheath soil at flowering/podding than at seedling. In the rhizosheath soil of both genotypes, NaHCO3-Pi concentration was depleted under P0 only; under both P0 and P40, NaHCO3-Po concentration increased while NaOH-Pi and NaOH-Po concentrations decreased at the seedling stage but accumulated at the flowering/podding stage, relative to the bulk soil. ICC2884 did not mobilise more poorly available soil P or acquire more P at the seedling or flowering/podding stages, or produce higher seed yields than ICC456.

Conclusion
ICC2884 and ICC456 maintained the difference in root morphological and physiological characteristics from the seedling stage to the flowering/podding stage. The genotype with greater rhizosheath carboxylates (root DW basis) did not produce higher yield than genotype with less rhizosheath carboxylates.
Integrating a computable general equilibrium model with the four-step framework
Authors: Shahriari Siroos , Robson Edward N. , Wang Jason , Dixit Vinayak V. , Waller S. Travis , Rashidi Taha H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the transport policy development process, four-step models are commonly used to estimate transport costs and flows based on representations of travel demands and networks. However, these models typically do not account for broader changes in the economy, which may significantly shift travel patterns in the case of larger transport projects. LUTI models are often applied to simulate changes in land-use patterns, and regional production function models have been used to estimate changes in production, but these methods rely on fixed economic parameters that may not capture the structural economic changes induced by large transport projects. In a separate line of development, computable general equilibrium (CGE) models, which simulate entire economies, have been increasingly applied to estimate the magnitude and distribution of economic impacts from transport improvements both spatially and through markets, including GDP and welfare. Some CGE models are linked with transport network models, but none incorporate detailed networks or generate a complete set of travel demands. This paper presents an integrated CGE and transport model that generates household and freight trips and simulates a detailed road network for different time periods, such that the transport submodel can be calibrated and run as a conventional transport model. The model provides a tool for the rapid strategic assessment of transport projects and policies when economic responses cannot be assumed to remain static. In the model, the CGE submodel simulates the behaviour of households and firms interacting in markets, where their behaviour takes trip costs into account. The model then generates trips as a derived demand from agent activities and assigns them to the road network according to user equilibrium, before feeding back trip costs to the CGE submodel. The model is then tested by simulating the WestConnex motorway project under construction in Sydney, with results showing significant increases in welfare for regions close to the improvements. Further development of the model is required to incorporate land-use and mode choice.
The 6-Month Efficacy of an Intensive Lifestyle Modification Program on Type 2 Diabetes Risk Among Rural Women with Prior Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Yao , Zhong Qinyi , Luo Jiaxin , Tang Yujia , Li Mingshu , Lin Qian , Willey James Allen , Chen Jyu-Lin , Whittemore Robin , Guo Jia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an intensive lifestyle modification program tailored to rural Chinese women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus compared with usual care. In a cluster randomized controlled trial, 16 towns (clusters) in two distinct rural areas in China were randomly selected (8 towns per district); and 320 women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus were recruited from these towns. With stratification for the two study districts, eight towns (160 women) were randomly assigned to the intervention group of a tailored intensive lifestyle modification program and 8 towns (160 women) to the control group. Process measures were collected on attendance, engagement, fidelity, and satisfaction. Primary efficacy outcomes included glycemic and weight-related outcomes, while secondary efficacy outcomes were behavioral outcomes and type 2 diabetes risk score, which were collected at baseline, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up. Generalized estimation equations were used to analyze the data. High attendance (72% of sessions), engagement (67% of interactive activities and group discussions), fidelity (98%), and satisfaction (92%) with the tailored intensive lifestyle modification program were achieved. There were significant reductions in fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test 2 h, waist circumference, and type 2 diabetes risk score of participants in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < .05). There was no significant intervention effect on body mass index or behavioral outcomes (p > .05). In this study, we demonstrate the successful efficacy of an Intensive Lifestyle Modification Program in reducing type 2 diabetes risk among younger women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus. This tailored program delivered by local healthcare providers is a promising approach for diabetes prevention in rural China, reducing health disparities in rural communities about diabetes prevention. Registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000037956) on 3rd Jan 2018.
Efficacy of radiofrequency and laser thermal ablation in solving thyroid nodule-related symptoms and cosmetic concerns. A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cesareo Roberto , Egiddi Silvia , Naciu Anda M. , Tabacco Gaia , Leoncini Andrea , Napoli Nicola , Palermo Andrea , Trimboli Pierpaolo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSeveral studies have showed good/excellent results of thermal-ablation (TA) to reduce volume of benign thyroid nodule (TN). Nevertheless, no systematic review has reported information about clinical achievements with TA. Being the latter of high interest, this systematic review was undertaken to achieve high evidence about the efficacy of TA in reducing TN-related symptoms and cosmetic concerns. Radiofrequency (RFA) and laser (LA) therapies were considered. A comprehensive literature search of online databases was performed on January 2022 looking for studies reporting clinical results obtained by RFA or LA in terms of VAS (namely, Visual Analogic Scale) and cosmetic concerns. Initially, 318 records were found and 14 were finally included in the meta-analysis. VAS data were available in all RFA studies and the pooled mean reduction was of 3.09 points with significant heterogeneity. Cosmetic score data were available in 11 RFA studies and the pooled mean reduction was of 1.45 with significant heterogeneity. Regarding LA studies, 4 series reported VAS data and the pooled mean reduction was of 2.61 points with significant heterogeneity. The analysis of LA data about cosmetic concerns was not performed due to data paucity. Importantly, heterogeneities were not explained by meta-regression analyses using several covariates (i.e., baseline TN volume, follow-up duration, volume reduction rate). This systematic review showed that clinical data about TN TA efficacy are sparse and affected by high unexplained inconsistency. International societies should give indication about how we should clinically select and evaluate patients undergoing TN TA.
Inspiring Muslim Appreciation in the First-Year of College: What Makes a Difference?
Authors: Shaheen Musbah , Dahl Laura S. , Mayhew Matthew J. , Rockenbach Alyssa N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine first-year change in appreciative attitudes toward Muslims by non-Muslim students. To this end, we longitudinally assessed 6229 undergraduate students at the beginning and end of their first year in college. We performed a hierarchical linear modeling analysis and found evidence that Muslim appreciation can change as a result of exposure to and participation in the first year in college, specifically through provocative encounters that are adequately supported by administrative practices designed for helping students interact productively. Implications are discussed.
Construction of a Reflective Quality of Life Index for Gauteng Province in South Africa
Authors: Katumba Samy , de Kadt Julia , Orkin Mark , Fatti Paul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper demonstrates a simple methodological sequence for the statistical calculation of a context-sensitive quality of life index especially suitable for use in the Global South, i.e. lower and middle income countries. We draw on the large (n = 24,889), area-sampled, survey dataset of the fifth Quality of Life Survey (QoL V, 2017/18) of South Africa’s Gauteng province, conducted by the Gauteng City-Region Observatory. Using overtly exploratory analysis, and a fully reflective conception of indicators, we apply exploratory factor analysis (EFA) in two stages to generate our model, while defending our approach methodologically and empirically and indicating its philosophical foundations. We contrast this approach to previous analyses using the QoL I (2010) data, which defined their dimensions and assign their indicators in advance, drawing on literature and indexes largely from the Global North. We ran series of EFAs on 60 longitudinally available variables from the QoL V data set. This allowed us to determine the optimal number of factors/dimensions, guided by established criteria and the interpretability of the grouped indicators. Each dimension score is calculated arithmetically, using the indicators’ factor loadings as weights. Then the dimensions, weighted by their eigenvalues, are aggregated into the composite index, scaled to run from 0 to 100. The resulting seven-dimension, 33-indicator model was validated through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the QoL V data; and its configural invariance, i.e. whether the pattern of indicators amongst the factors holds over time, was checked against the two previous QoL datasets and confirmed. This validates the ability of the approach outlined to generate a stable index. Analysis of the resulting quality of life index by race and municipality reveals trends consistent with the South African context. Overall, the White population group has the highest measured quality of life index, followed in turn by the Indian/Asian, Coloured and Black African population groups. Changes in the quality-of-life ranking of the nine municipalities comprising Gauteng province may be observed over time, using the validated previous models. The value of the exploratory approach in enabling context to influence the index construction is highlighted by the emergence of a distinct dimension of bottom-up political voice, which is relevant for democratic governance.
Employment Status and Well-Being Among Young Individuals. Why Do We Observe Cross-Country Differences?
Authors: Buttler Dominik 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper we analyse why in some countries the difference in subjective well-being between employed and unemployed young individuals is substantial, whereas in others it remains small. The strength of this relationship has important consequences, hence it affects the intensity of the job search by the unemployed as well as the retention and productivity of employees. In the analysis we are focused on youth and young adults who constitute a group particularly exposed to the risks of joblessness, precarious or insecure employment. We expect that in economies where young people are able to find jobs of good quality, the employment–well-being relationship tends to be stronger. However, this relationship also depends on the relative well-being of the young unemployed. Based on the literature on school-to-work transition we have identified macro-level factors shaping the conditions of labour market entry of young people (aged 15–35), which consequently affect their well-being. The estimation of multilevel regression models with the use of the combined dataset from the European Social Survey and macro-level databases has indicated that these are mainly education system characteristics (in particular vocational orientation and autonomy of schools) and labour market policy spending that moderate the employment–well-being relationship of young individuals.