RESOLUTION OF FACTORS AND PATTERN OF PERMANENT DENTAL EXTRACTION IN SELECTED DENTAL CLINICS IN SANA'A CITY, YEMEN
Authors: Zabara Abdul Qader Mohammed Qasem , Al-Kholani Abdulwahab Ismail Mohamed , Alrubaidi Yaser Ahmed Salem , Al-Kibsi Taghreed Ahmed M , Al-Akwa Ameen Abdullah Yahya , AL-Haddad Khaled A , Al-Najhi Mohammed Mohammed Ali , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab 
Published: September 2022

Back ground and objective: Tooth loss remains one of the mainly global problem. The current study aimed to investigate the causes of tooth extraction as well as to inspect possible interrelationships between tooth loss and numerous variables consisting of gender, age, education status and further risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, khat chewing and smoking habits.
Methods: The study retrospectively investigated 801 dental records from patients who had had as a minimum one tooth extraction. Patient variables consisting of gender, age, education status, hypertension, diabetes, khat chewing and smoking habits. The causes for tooth extraction were recorded as: periodontal disease, dental caries complications of endodontic treatment, impaction, trauma, orthodontic treatment, pre-prosthesis, and others (aesthetic causes, poor dental position, or indeterminate causes). The differences in the mean number of carved teeth per patient with patient variables included: gender, age, education status, hypertension, diabetes, khat chewing and smoking habits were investigated using analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Results: Of the 801 patient records reviewed, 1234 extracted teeth were identified. Males had a higher number of extracted teeth 665 (53.9%) than females 569 (46.1%). Males had more extractions (mean±SD=1.6±0.44, p=0.01). The highest rate of extracted teeth was identified between the age group 40-49 years (1.9±0.6 teeth). Lack of education, diabetes, high blood pressure, khat chewing and smoking habits showed a significantly more mean for tooth extraction (p<0.0001). The results showed that dental caries was the main cause of tooth extraction (53.1%), followed by periodontal disease (31.1%), and a complication of endodontic treatment (6.1%). Other reasons were considered minor.
Conclusion: Caries, and periodontal disease were the mainly frequent causes of tooth extraction. Additionally, this study demonstrated that age, hypertension, diabetes, khat chewing, and smoking were appropriate predictors of permanent tooth loss because these variables showed a statistically significant association.

Peer Review History:
Received: 8 July 2022; Revised: 15 August; Accepted: 9 September, Available online: 15 September 2022
Academic Editor: Dr. Iman Muhammad Higazy, National Research Center, Egypt, imane.higazy@hotmail.com
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Received file: Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Bilge Ahsen KARA, Ankara Gazi Mustafa Kemal Hospital, Turkey, ahsndkyc@gmail.com
Dr. George Zhu, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, sansan4240732@163.com
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