bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periostin regulates LPS‐induced apoptosis via Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway in periodontal ligament fibroblasts
Authors: Jiang Yujun , Yang Panpan , Li Congshan , Lu Yupu , Kou Yuying , Liu Hongrui , Guo Jie , Li Minqi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivePeriostin is important for the maintenance of periodontal tissue, but its role in periodontitis is controversial. This research investigated the effect of periostin in periodontitis and the underlying mechanism.DesignMouse periodontitis models in vivo and inflammation model in vitro which were induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide were established to evaluate periostin expression. Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) were treated with lipopolysaccharide and N‐acetylcysteine, fluorescence staining, flow cytometry, Western blot, and qRT‐PCR were used to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS), periostin expression, and apoptosis‐related makers. The periostin gene was successfully transfected into PDLFs to verify the effect of periostin on apoptosis. Then, the Nrf2 inhibitor was added to clarify the mechanism.ResultsPeriostin expression decreased in the periodontal ligaments of mouse periodontitis models and lipopolysaccharide‐induced PDLFs. Lipopolysaccharide promoted the activation of ROS and apoptosis in PDLFs, whereas N‐acetylcysteine reversed this condition. Overexpression of periostin suppressed apoptosis of PDLFs and reversed the inhibitory effect of lipopolysaccharide on nuclear Nrf2 expression. Moreover, the Nrf2 inhibitor attenuated the protective effect of periostin on lipopolysaccharide‐induced apoptosis.ConclusionsLipopolysaccharide induced apoptosis in PDLFs by inhibiting periostin expression and thus Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway, indicating that periostin could be a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis.
The outward shaker channel OsK5.2 improves plant salt tolerance by contributing to control of both leaf transpiration and K+ secretion into xylem sap
Authors: Zhou Jing , Nguyen Thanh‐Hao , Hmidi Dorsaf , Luu Doan‐Trung , Sentenac Hervé , Véry Anne‐Aliénor 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSoil salinity constitutes a major environmental constraint to crop production worldwide. Leaf K+/Na+ homoeostasis, which involves regulation of transpiration, and thus of the xylem sap flow, and control of the ionic composition of the ascending sap, is a key determinant of plant salt tolerance. Here, we show, using a reverse genetics approach, that the outwardly rectifying K+‐selective channel OsK5.2, which is involved in both K+ release from guard cells for stomatal closure in leaves and K+ secretion into the xylem sap in roots, is a strong determinant of rice salt tolerance (plant biomass production and shoot phenotype under saline constraint). OsK5.2 expression was upregulated in shoots from the onset of the saline treatment, and OsK5.2 activity in guard cells led to a fast decrease in transpirational water flow and, therefore, reduced Na+ translocation to shoots. In roots, upon saline treatment, OsK5.2 activity in xylem sap K+ loading was maintained, and even transiently increased, outperforming the negative effect on K+ translocation to shoots resulting from the reduction in xylem sap flow. Thus, the overall activity of OsK5.2 in shoots and roots, which both reduces Na+ translocation to shoots and benefits shoot K+ nutrition, strongly contributes to leaf K+/Na+ homoeostasis.
Differences between pediatric and adult atopic dermatitis
Authors: Ramírez‐Marín Hassiel A. , Silverberg Jonathan I. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common disease with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. AD can manifest differently in adults than children. Core AD features are similar between children and adults overall, including lesions affecting flexural areas, presence of atopy, and xerosis. Adults have more signs of chronic disease, higher prevalence and different patterns of hand eczema, and a stronger relationship of disease activity with emotional factors, whereas children with AD have more exudative lesions, perifollicular accentuation, pityriasis alba, Dennie–Morgan folds, and seborrheic dermatitis‐like presentation. These differences may be due in part to pathophysiologic differences in AD in children compared with adults. Atopic diseases commonly co‐occur with AD, although most do not temporally have the “atopic march.” Further research is warranted to better understand the differential roles of immune dysregulation, epidermal‐barrier disruption, and dysbiosis between children and adults and determine whether such differences translate into differences in therapeutic efficacy.
Clinicopathological analysis of follicular lymphoma with BCL2, BCL6, and MYC rearrangements
Authors: Ikoma Haruka , Miyaoka Masashi , Hiraiwa Shinichiro , Yukie Kikuti Yara , Shiraiwa Sawako , Hara Ryujiro , Kojima Minoru , Ohmachi Ken , Ando Kiyoshi , Carreras Joaquim , Nakamura Naoya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMost follicular lymphomas (FL) show t(14;18)/IGH‐BCL2 translocation, but rearrangement (R) negative cases exist. A series of 140 FL patients with a BCL2, BCL6, and MYC gene status examined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were classified into five groups: (a) BCL2‐R group (BCL2‐R/BCL6‐G/MYC‐G) (G, germline), 77 cases; (b) BCL2/BCL6 double‐R group (BCL2‐R/BCL6‐R/MYC‐G), 16 cases; (c) BCL6‐R group (BCL2‐G/BCL6‐R/MYC‐G), 16 cases; (d) MYC‐R group (BCL2‐R or G/BCL6‐R or G/MYC‐R), three cases; (e) Triple‐G group (BCL2‐G/BCL6‐G/MYC‐G), 28 cases. The BCL6‐R group had different clinicopathological characteristics. It showed lower rates of an advanced clinical stage and bone marrow invasion, less disease progression (p = 0.036), and a ‘trend’ toward a favorable progression‐free survival (PFS) (p = 0.06). It also showed higher rates of grade 3A and MUM1‐expression, and when analyzing the interfollicular spread pattern of CD20‐positive cells, had fewer cases showing the IF3+ pattern (high interfollicular spread). Moreover, cases with BCL6‐R and/or BCL6 gain (with cases of BCL2 rearrangement and/or of copy number gain excluded) correlated with favorable PFS (p = 0.014) and less IF3+ pattern (p = 0.007). We demonstrated that BCL6‐R FLs showed unique clinicopathological findings, and FISH of BCL2, BCL6, and MYC is useful for FL diagnosis and clinical management.
Individual differences in numerical representations of risk in health decision making: A fuzzy‐trace theory approach
Authors: Brust‐Renck Priscila G. , Reyna Valerie F. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFuzzy‐trace theory predicts that decisionmakers process numerical information about risk at multiple levels in parallel: the simplest level, nominal (categorical some‐none) gist, and at more fine‐grained levels, involving relative comparison (ordinal less‐more gist) and exact quantities (verbatim representations). However, little is known about how individual differences in these numerical representations relate to judgments and decisions, especially involving health tradeoffs and relative risks. To investigate these differences, we administered measures of categorical and ordinal gist representations of number, objective numeracy, and intelligence in two studies (Ns = 978 and 956). In both studies, categorical and ordinal gist representations of number predicted risk judgments and decisions beyond objective numeracy and intelligence. Participants with higher scores in categorical gist were more likely to choose options to avoid cancer recurrence risks; those who were higher in ordinal gist of numbers were more likely to discriminate relative risk of skin cancer; and those with higher scores in objective numeracy were more likely to choose options that were numerically superior overall in terms of relative risk of skin cancer and of genetic risks of breast cancer (e.g., lower numerical probability of cancer). Results support parallel‐processing models that assume multiple representations of numerical information about risk, which vary in precision, and illustrate how individual differences in numerical representations are relevant to tradeoffs and risk comparisons in health decisions. These representations cannot be reduced to one another and explain psychological variations in risk processing that go beyond low versus high levels of objective numeracy.
Relationship between allergic transfusion reactions and allergic predisposition among pediatric patients with hematological/oncological disease
Authors: Yanagisawa Ryu , Ishimine Nau , Komori Kazutoshi , Kurata Takashi , Saito Shoji , Tanaka Miyuki , Sakashita Kazuo , Tozuka Minoru , Nakazawa Yozo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundAllergic transfusion reactions (ATRs) manifest frequently as transfusion reactions, and their onset may be related to a patient's allergic predisposition. Moreover, although pediatric patients with hematological/oncological disease are more susceptible to ATRs, the relationship between allergic predisposition and ATRs remains to be fully clarified.Study Design and MethodsPatients who were diagnosed with pediatric hematological/oncological disease and received transfusion at the study institutions were included. We determined patient background information related to their allergy history, measured the levels of allergen‐specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) using sera obtained on diagnosis, and analyzed their associations with ATR onset.ResultsOf the 363 patients analyzed, 144 developed ATRs. Multivariate analysis identified cases with high basophils in the peripheral blood, and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus– and egg white–specific IgEs were involved in the development of ATR in all age groups. Meanwhile, a history of food allergies, and positivity for Japanese cypress‐ and D. pteronyssinus‐specific IgEs were risk factors for developing ATRs in the <5 years age group. Moreover, patients aged 5–<10 years with a history of asthma, allergic rhinitis, pollinosis, or atopic dermatitis, and those aged ≥10 years with positivity for dog dander‐specific IgE were at risk for developing ATRs.ConclusionThe allergic constitution of patients plays a role in ATR onset even in pediatric hematological/oncological diseases. Therefore, advance confirmation of a patient's allergic constitution may partly predict the onset of ATRs. However, since multiple allergic predispositions within complex mechanisms may be involved in the onset of ATRs, further verification is required.
Implementation of an Africa‐specific donor health questionnaire for human immunodeficiency virus risk screening
Authors: Tagny Claude T. , Ikomey Georges , Ngo Sack Françoise , Achu Celestin , Ndemanou Matthias , Ninmou Catherine , Gesu Caroline , Essomba Gilbert , Fongue Simo Alexandra , Nguefack Tsague Georges , Mbanya Dora , Murphy Edward 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWe had previously developed an Africa‐specific donor health questionnaire (ASDHQ) based on local risk factors and designed a scoring scheme. This study assessed the performance of a new donor health questionnaire by comparing the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status in accepted versus deferred donors by ASDHQ and comparing the rate of risk deferrals with historical data.Materials and MethodsData were collected during a cross‐sectional study conducted over 15 months at three referral‐hospital‐based blood services in Cameroon. ASDHQ was administered to blood donors aged 18–65 years in the same screening conditions as the routine questionnaire. The main outcomes of the study were ASDHQ sensitivity and specificity with regard to HIV laboratory testing as well as donor deferral rates for each of the routine screening algorithms and for ASDHQ.ResultsOverall, 71/11,120 (0.6%) were confirmed as HIV positive. The mean ASDHQ score was 95.80 ± 4.4 in HIV‐negative donors and 94.80 ± 4.4 in HIV‐positive donors (p = 0.05). The optimal cut‐off provided by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the best performance of ASDHQ was 95.04. Using this optimal cut‐off, the ASDHQ sensitivity and specificity were 57% and 53%, respectively (area under curve = 0.58 [0.51, 0.64], p = 0.028). Using ASDHQ, the HIV prevalence was 0.7% in deferred donors and 0.6% in accepted donors.ConclusionASDHQ might be efficient only in specific conditions that maximize truthful donor responses, requiring each blood service to create an environment of trust and transparency to increase donor compliance and improve the accuracy of the questionnaire.
Multilayer Conductive Metallization With Offset Vias Using Aerosol Jet Technology
Authors: Lall Pradeep , Goyal Kartik , Miller Scott 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The transition of additive printed electronics into high-volume production requires process consistency to allow quality control of the manufactured product. Process recipes are needed for multilayer substrates with z-axis interconnects in order to enable complex systems. In this paper, process recipes have been developed through fundamental studies of the interactions between the process parameters and the mechanical–electrical performance achieved for multilayer substrates. The study reported in this paper focuses on printed vias also known as donut vias. Aerosol jet process parameters studied include carrier mass flow rate, sheath mass flow rate, exhaust mass flow rate, print speed, number of passes, sintering time and temperature, UV-intensity for UV-cure, and standoff height. The electrical performance has been quantified through the measurements of resistance. The mechanical performance has been quantified through measurement of shear load-to-failure. The effect of sequential build-up on the mechanical–electrical properties vs process parameters has been quantified for up to eight-layers designs. The performance of five-layer and eight-layer additively printed substrate designs and effect of multiple vias has been compared to assess process consistency.
Risk factors for violence against women in high-prevalence settings: a mixed-methods systematic review and meta-synthesis
Authors: Mannell Jenevieve , Lowe Hattie , Brown Laura , Mukerji Reshmi , Devakumar Delan , Gram Lu , Jansen Henrica A F M , Minckas Nicole , Osrin David , Prost Audrey , Shannon Geordan , Vyas Seema 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionViolence against women (VAW) affects one in three women globally. In some countries, women are at much higher risk. We examined risk factors for VAW in countries with the highest 12-month prevalence estimates of intimate partner violence (IPV) to develop understanding of this increased risk.MethodsFor this systematic review, we searched PUBMED, CINAHL, PROQUEST (Middle East and North Africa; Latin America and Iberia; East and South Asia), Web of Science, EMBASE and PsycINFO (Ovid) for records published between 1 January 2000 and 1 January 2021 in English, French and Spanish. Included records used quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-methods, reported original data, had VAW as the main outcome, and focused on at least one of 23 countries in the highest quintile of prevalence figures for women’s self-reported experiences of physical and/or sexual violence in the past 12 months. We used critical interpretive synthesis to develop a conceptual model for associations between identified risk factors and VAW.ResultsOur search identified 12 044 records, of which 241 were included for analysis (2 80 360 women, 40 276 men, 274 key informants). Most studies were from Bangladesh (74), Uganda (72) and Tanzania (43). Several quantitative studies explored community-level/region-level socioeconomic status and education as risk factors, but associations with VAW were mixed. Although fewer in number and representing just one country, studies reported more consistent effects for community-level childhood exposure to violence and urban residence. Theoretical explanations for a country’s high prevalence point to the importance of exposure to other forms of violence (armed conflict, witnessing parental violence, child abuse) and patriarchal social norms.ConclusionAvailable evidence suggests that heightened prevalence of VAW is not attributable to a single risk factor. Multilayered and area-level risk analyses are needed to ensure funding is appropriately targeted for countries where VAW is most pervasive.PROSPERO registration numberThe review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020190147).
Efficacy of virtual reality-based interventions for patients with breast cancer symptom and rehabilitation management: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Huayi , Xu Hui , Zhang Zhen-xiang , Zhang Qiushi 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesTo determine the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR)-based intervention on the symptoms and rehabilitation management in patients with breast cancer.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Study selectionWe included all eligible randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies (published in English and Chinese).ParticipantsPatients with breast cancer (≥18 years) undergoing cancer treatment.InterventionsAny intervention administered to improve the symptoms and rehabilitation of patients with breast cancer. The control group was given conventional care.OutcomesAll outcomes were as follows: pain, fatigue, anxiety, depressive symptoms, cognitive function, and range of motion of upper limb in patients with breast cancer.Data sourcesWe searched PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL and SinoMed, four electronic databases, covering the database establishment period to January 2022.Review methodsTwo reviewers independently extracted content and data consistent with the prespecified framework and assessed risk bias. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool data across trials. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager V.5.4.ResultsA total of eight studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in this study. The combined effect size showed that VR was positive for improving patients’ anxiety(standard mean differenc (SMD)=−2.07, 95% CI= (−3.81 to −0.34), I2=95%) and abduction of upper limbs (MD=15.54, 95% CI= (12.79 to 18.29), I2=0%), but fatigue (SMD=−0.92, 95% CI= (−4.47 to 2.62), I2=99%) was not. Qualitative analysis showed VR improved patients' depressive symptoms, pain and cognitive function.ConclusionsVR technology has a good effect on symptoms and rehabilitation management of patients with breast cancer, but the quality of evidence is low, and the sample size is small. To date, there are few intervention studies, therefore, giving precise recommendation or conclusion is difficult. We have a favourable view of this, and more clinical studies are needed in the future to improve the credibility of the results.
Stakeholders’ views on volunteering in mental health: an international focus group study
Authors: Pinto da Costa Mariana , Conneely Maev , Monteiro da Silva Fábio , Toner Sarah 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesExplore the views of two main stakeholders: mental health professionals and volunteers from three European countries, on the provision of volunteering in mental healthcare.DesignA multicountry, multilingual and multicultural qualitative focus group study (n=24) with n=119 participants.ParticipantsVolunteers and mental health professionals in three European countries (Belgium, Portugal and the UK).ResultsMental health professionals and volunteers consider it beneficial offering volunteering to their patients. In this study, six overarching themes arose: (1) there is a framework in which volunteering is organised, (2) the role of the volunteer is multifaceted, (3) every volunteering relationship has a different character, (4) to volunteer is to face challenges, (5) technology has potential in volunteering and (6) volunteering impacts us all. The variability of their views suggests a need for flexibility and innovation in the design and models of the programmes offered.ConclusionsVolunteering is not one single entity and is strongly connected to the cultural context and the mental healthcare services organisation. Despite the contextual differences between these three European countries, this study found extensive commonalities in attitudes towards volunteering in mental health.
Diet structure and academic achievement of children from difficult families: a cross-sectional study of Chinese children
Authors: Du Benfeng , Mu Yuexuan , Wang Xuan 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesWelfare policy focuses on vulnerable populations, such as children with difficult family backgrounds. Education is a crucial way to reduce poverty. This study explored the relationship between children’s diet structure and academic achievement and compared these across different family backgrounds.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted to survey the health status of children from difficult families based on a random sampling method in 2018. Survey data were collected from children and their guardians with a questionnaire. A multi-sample latent class model and an ordinal logistic model were applied for data analysis.SettingThis study was conducted in 31 provinces nationwide. Two provinces in the Central (Shandong and Jiangxi), Eastern (Hebei and Henan) and Western (Chongqing and Shanxi) regions and one province in the Northeast (Liaoning) were selected considering different stratum of economic development.ParticipantsA total of 2099 children with difficult family backgrounds and 666 children from ordinary families were surveyed.ResultsThe dietary structure of children from ordinary families was significantly better than that of children with difficult or unstable family backgrounds (χ2 =9.178, p<0.01). Children from difficult families had an intake of dairy products and fruits below dietary standards. The difference in academic achievement between children in the balanced and deprived groups was statistically significant (OR=0.640, 95% CI 0.429 to 0.955). Other determinants of the academic achievement of children in difficult families were parents’ education level (OR=1.331, 95% CI 1.162 to 1.525), family economic status (OR=0.835, 95% CI 0.748 to 0.932) and parents’ academic concern (OR=0.373, 95% CI 0.252 to 0.553).ConclusionsTo address the differences between children from difficult families and ordinary families, policymakers should develop support policies for difficult children, guide the formation of a reasonable dietary structure. Besides, enhancing family closeness and fostering family nurturing behaviours are the keys to promote the good academic development of children from difficult families.