bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recycling of animal waste
Authors: Kasatkin V V , Kasatkina N Yu , Ignatyev S P , Litvinyuk A A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The growth of the number of farm animals and poultry contributes to the growth of environmental problems. Recycling of animal waste will solve these problems, as well as obtain organic fertilizers and additional energy sources. The purpose of the research is to develop technological solutions that allow organic waste from agricultural production to be involved in the production of secondary marketable products and energy resources. At the initial stage of processing, organic waste is sent to methane fermentation in the methane tank. The resulting biogas is used to obtain the thermal energy necessary to maintain the temperature of methane fermentation and to dry organic fertilizers laid for storage. The substrate at the outlet of the methane tank mixed with filler is sent to the production of compost, including using vermiculture. The carbon dioxide formed during the combustion of biogas, to increase the efficiency of the process of recycling organic waste from animal husbandry, is used for air nutrition of plants. Thus, the technology proposed as a result of the theoretical synthesis will allow reducing the environmental burden from agricultural production, as well as obtaining marketable products and secondary energy resources.
The role of greening in the formation of the urban environment on the example of the residential area in Izhevsk
Authors: Prokosheva K Yu , Absalyamova S L , Absalyamov R R , Pozdeev D A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The issue of greening urban areas has become especially acute lately. In many cities, there is a negative trend of infill development in existing residential neighborhoods. At the same time, public spaces with elements of landscaping and park zones are primarily affected. The situation is not always favorable with greening in newly built residential areas. There are miscalculations in the selection of the plants’ assortment and the implementation of the project as a whole. The aim of the study was to assess the sanitary and hygienic state of trees, shrubs and lawns. According to the work program, a cameral study of landscaping projects was carried out on the territory of the urban settlement on Bersha Street. The existing landscaping areas were calculated and their compliance with the current landscaping standards was revealed. Recommendations have been developed for the selection of planting material for landscaping in new urban settlements in Izhevsk from the point of view of the oxygen-producing plantings’ function.
Agrobiological evaluation of narrow-leaved lupin varieties in the conditions of the Middle Urals
Authors: Kokonov S I , Ryabova T N , Babaytseva T A , Yastrebova A V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Research and production introduction of the multipurpose use of narrow-leaved lupin varieties in fodder production in the region will increase the agricultural efficiency with developed dairy cattle breeding. The aim of the research was to study the adaptive properties of narrow-leaved lupin varieties in the Udmurt Republic, to analyze the efficiency of its cultivation. The studies were carried out in the southern agroclimatic region of the Udmurt Republic on gray forest soil. The arable soil layer was characterized by a humus content of 2.1-2.6%, mobile phosphorus - 100-101 mg/kg of soil, mobile potassium - 101-170 mg/kg of soil, and pH KCl from moderately acidic to almost neutral (5.0 -5.6). By the content of crude protein (32%) in grain, narrow-leaved lupin is the leader in the region among leguminous crops. During the research period, a relatively high yield of 1.36-4.95 t/ha was formed by Snezhet’ variety. Varieties Snezhet’ and Vector (S2d = 0.05…0.14) were distinguished by their high resistance to changes in agro-ecological conditions. The combination of ecological plasticity indicators (bi = 0.60) and phenotypic stability (S2d = 0.60) of Crystal variety indicates its high adaptive properties.
Methods of air disinfection in livestock premises with a combination device
Authors: Shavkunov M L , Lekomtsev P L , Korepanov A S , Gavrilov R I 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In agricultural premises, the air environment contains many pathogenic microorganisms. The spread of microorganisms occurs from animals, room surfaces, with ventilation air from wet feeds. Microorganisms spread over long distances with the help of aerosols. Retention of various microorganisms on aerosols can take up to four hours. To exclude infection, it is necessary to clean, disinfect and deodorize the air. The purpose of the work is to increase the efficiency of air disinfection in agricultural premises. Measurements of microbial contamination of the air were made by bacteriological culture test using Petri dishes, before and after disinfection of the air in the premises. The results were processed in a microbiological laboratory. Calculations of bactericidal efficacy were carried out. The combination of an electric air filter and an ultraviolet lamp Phillips TUV 15W/G5 T8 showed the best results of airflow disinfection. The operation of the unit does not affect animals, since the concentration of ozone released is more than five times lower than the maximum permissible concentration for animals. Consequently, animals receive dust-free and disinfected air, which leads to a decrease in animal mortality and, possibly, to an increase in their productivity.
Sustainable development and environmental situation in forest resources of the Central Black Earth region
Authors: Krupko A E , Nesterov Yu A , Rogozina R E , Derevyagina M V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

The aim of the work is to identify geographical features, factors and problems of forest resources of the Central Black Earth region and their impact on the sustainable development of the region. Low forest cover of the territory with long-term degradation of forest resources, low level of reforestation is characteristic of the Central Black Earth Region, which requires in-depth analysis of factors and trends in the development of forest management of the region. Results. The analysis of the development of forest management shows how difficult the environmental situation with forest resources of the district is. The main indicator is the forest cover of the territory in the CCR does not reach 9%. At the level of municipal districts, it is often 1.5-3%, which indicates an environmental disaster. Taking into account the trends and features of modern nature management, on the basis of our work we can conclude that the great degradation and reduction of forest resources determines the crisis, and in many places the catastrophic state of nature, which determines the need for transition to the expanded reproduction of forest resources - simple forest conservation is no longer enough.
The effect of silicon humic preparation on the biometrics of spring wheat germinated under stress
Authors: Smirnova Yu D , Fomicheva N V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Fluctuation of climatic conditions negatively affects the yield of farmers. To compensate for stress factors, various preparations are used, humic and silicon-containing preparations have been widely introduced. The silicon-humic preparation BoHum-K, obtained on the basis of a humic preparation and amorphous silicon oxide, is being tested at VNIIMZ. The studies were carried out with BoHum-K containing various amounts of SiO2. A laboratory experiment was carried out on wheat grown under simulated abiotic stresses. The preparation was used for pre-sowing seed treatment and spraying of seedlings. The obtained data on the biometrics of seedlings indicated that the use of a silicon humic preparation reduced the negative impact of simulated stresses. When treating seeds before sowing, the greatest increase in biometric indicators was noted with the use of BoHum-K with a silicon oxide content of 0.5% when simulating a decrease in temperature after sowing: the average length of the seedling increased by 10.1%, the raw weight by 14.3%, dry weight - by 10.9% compared with the control variant. When applying the spraying technique, depending on the simulated stress, the leaders were BoHum-K [0.1%] and BoHum-K [0.5%], the biomass increments were up to 20.0%. In general, according to the experiment, the increase in the biomass of seedlings from spraying wheat with BoHum-K [0.5%] averaged 12.7%, from seed soaking - 8.9%, which indicates the advantage of non-root treatment.
Food technology management based on the implementation of innovative principles and approaches
Authors: Krivenko E I , Malitskaya V B , Chirkova M B , Zaporozhtseva L A , Tkacheva Yu V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The domestic food industry was chosen as the object of research in the work, since this sector of the national economy contains the goals and objectives of a nationwide scale. The effectiveness of the functioning of the latter depends not only on economic indicators, but also on social and political ones. The work assesses the trends in the development of the food industry, as well as the level of innovative development of the food industry in Russia; the main directions of innovative transformations, the most relevant for the sphere of domestic food production, are highlighted; the specifics of organizing and conducting innovative management decisions in the real practice of management have been determined; a complex of problems has been formed that hinder the innovative development of food production; analysis of methods of state support for food enterprises in terms of modernization and increasing the level of innovation activity; examines the stages of introducing innovations into a real production process; a list of the most relevant and promising innovative technologies implemented in modern food production is provided; a list of key factors has been determined that have a direct impact on the process of introducing innovative technologies in the field of food production; actual errors were formed in the course of development, testing and implementation of innovative technological solutions in industrial production activities; separate recommendations are given in order to improve the efficiency of the implementation of innovative transformations at food industry enterprises in Russia.
Dynamics of agribusiness product-institutional shifts
Authors: Shestakov R B , Yakovlev N A , Buyarov A V , Zvereva G P , Volchenkova A S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the work with the help of classical regression analysis, changes in the structure of farm types were investigated depending on the indices of agricultural production and its belonging themselves to a particular category. As a dependent variable, the annual percentage differences in the typical structure of farms were used, and as independent – the index of agricultural production over the past period and the interaction of this index with the types of farms. According to the received model, the most significant factors were identified, including the categories of agricultural organizations and households, as well as the interaction of the production index with the household’s category. This fact confirms the scientific opinion that personal subsidiary farms continue to play a significant role in the country’s agrarian production, and it is necessary to consider in the formation and implementation of agro-industrial development strategies of different levels.
The influence of natural climatic conditions on the species diversity of insects in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe zone of Chelyabinsk region
Authors: Makarova T N , Chernyshova L V , Bazhenova I A , Ulitina O S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The influence of natural climatic conditions on the species diversity of insects in the cereal-grass biocenosis on the territory of peasant farm “Markovo-1” located in the southern forest-steppe zone of Chelyabinsk region has been studied. During the survey of entomofauna on the territory of peasant farm “Markovo-1” 19 herpetobiont species have been identified in the biocenosis which are represented by 9 families. 51 species of hortobionts belonging to 8 orders and 25 families were identified. Entomofauna was represented by the following orders: Dragonflies (Odonata), Coleopterans (Coleoptera), Dipterans (Diptera), true Hemipterans or bugs (Hemiptera), Neuropterans (Neuroptera), Lepidopterans (Lepidoptera), Orthopterans (Orthoptera), Hymenopterans (Hymenoptera). 421 herpetobionts and 482 hortobionts were identified in the cereal-grass biocenosis. Insects of the order Coleoptera belonged to 16 families and 32 species. The largest number of species were the representatives of the family of Ground beetles (Carabidae) and Lamellate beetles (Scarabaeidae) (5-6 species). The number of other families of this order was not so significant (1-3 species). Insects of the Lepidoptera order were represented by 6 families and 15 species. During the phytosanitary control of the studied agrocenosis the economic thresholds of insect harmfulness were determined. According to the results of the survey of the territory of the farm several species of insect pests the representatives of different orders and families true Hemipterans or Bugs (Hemiptera) the family of shield Bugs (Pentatomidae), the species of Corn Bugs (Eurygaster integriceps) were found from the discovered herpetobionts and hortobionts. Order Lepidoptera, family - Scoops (Noctuidae), species - Winter Scoops (Agrotis segetum Den.et Schiff.); family - Fireflies (Pyralidae), species - Meadow Moth (Pyralidae); family of Weevils (Curculionidae), beetroot Weevil Species (Bothynoderes punctiventris G.). A species Click Beetle (Agriotes sputator L.) belonging to the family of Click Beetles (Elateridae) is found only once.
Assessment of the influence of key factors of the rapeseed drying process using electric radiant film heaters on germination ability and germination energy
Authors: Popov V M , Epishkov E N , Afonkina V A , Krivosheeva E I 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Drying of any crop is a complex technological process, accompanied by a change in the content of not only the amount of moisture in them, but also useful substances and properties. The improvement of the drying technology of small-seeded crops should be aimed at preserving the sowing qualities of seeds (germination ability and germination energy), therefore, the assessment of the quality of rape plant seeds after the drying process in a conveyor-cascade type drying unit is an important and integral part of the work, and the use of modern mathematical methods is an integral part of the processing and interpretation of the results of field experiments. The experiment and analysis of the results of the work were carried out according to the methodology of the state variety testing of agricultural crops. The results were processed using two-factor analisys.
Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Following the Soil Microrelief Contour by the Seeder Section
Authors: Shepelev S D , Pyataev M V , Zyryanov A P , Kravchenko E N 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The paper presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the operating process of the seeder section for the no-till sowing machine. Based on the theoretical studies, the authors derived the dependences allowing one to obtain the motion trajectories of the seeder section elements with a parallelogram mechanism when following (gauging) the microrelief contour of the soil surface, taking into account its design parameters. The obtained theoretical trajectories were used as a basis for identifying rational parameters of the gauge wheel of the section. The results of the theoretical studies were confirmed experimentally by the laboratory experiments on a tillage bin, using the developed prototype of the seeder section when following artificial roughnesses. A comparison of the results of the theoretical and experimental studies demonstrated a sufficient degree of their convergence. The authors also established a regularity of the change in the uniformity of the coulter motion of the seeder section relative to the microrelief of the soil surface, depending on its position relative to the gauge wheel.
Improving the Quality of Friction Surface by Applying Antifriction Materials to Them
Authors: Veselovsky A A , Erofeev V V , Troyanovskaya I P 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article investigated the process of applying antifriction coatings to the surface of hardened cast iron gear wheels. The diffusion coating of cast iron wheels with vanadium greatly strengthened the surface and increased its wear resistance. Aluminium, tin bronze and copper were used as antifriction materials. The coating was applied with metal brushes. The brushes tore off individual fragments of anti-friction metal particles and smeared them over the surface of the coated product. Research results have confirmed the acceptability of this method instead of expensive finishing operations that cannot be applied to diffusion-hardened gears due to the shallow depth of the vanadium coating. The proposed method is universal for all types of metal products operating under sliding friction conditions. Results are presented as spatial histograms.
Investigation of the Strength of Diffusion Coatings on Cast Iron Friction Pairs in Contact with Hard Abrasive Soil Particles
Authors: Veselovsky A A , Erofeev V V , Troyanovskaya I P 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Replacing steel parts with cast iron is a promising task for agricultural engineering. However, high-strength cast iron VCh 60, widely used in mechanical engineering and studied in this work, is inferior in abrasive resistance to steel parts that have undergone chemical-thermal and subsequent heat treatment. This disadvantage was eliminated by the formation of high-hard diffusion coatings with vanadium or chromium, by the method of saturation of their powders. But these coatings, despite their hardness, are brittle and lie on a softer base of cast iron. This paper estimates the minimum thickness of the above-mentioned coatings that can withstand the specified level of contact load without destruction when solid non-crushed soil particles or particles of other origin enter the interface. Based on the conducted research, the empirical dependences of the minimum thickness of the coating that can withstand a given level of load without destruction are derived from the size of the resulting imprint of the Vickers pyramid pressed into the surface. The graphs are convenient to use when designing gears and worm gears with a given contact load in the engagement, the part of the space located above the critical line 6 in the figures shown in the work is a safe area of coating thicknesses at the identified contact pressure.
Improvement of the ecological sustainability of short-termrotation under the aridization conditions
Authors: Plaxina V S , Astashov A N , Bochkareva Ju V , Azizov Z M , Safronov A A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Reducing the use of pesticides is one of the priorities of sustainable agriculture. Therefore, the use of crop rotation is an opportunity to increase the ecological sustainability of agroecosystems. In connection with global climate changes, it is necessary to study the issue of increasing the productivity of crop rotations in conditions with uneven precipitation during the growing season. The purpose of the study was to assess the efficiency of short-term rotation in terms of grain yield taking into account consideration the main agro-climatic factors, as well as to identify the possibility of using a pesticide-free technology for crops cultivation under the aridization conditions. The highest productivity of the studied crop rotations was in five-field and four-field crop rotations with the inclusion of legumes and slow sowing crops. The grain yield from one hectare of arable land was 1.70-1.81 tons with an average productivity of all the studied crop rotations of 1.54 tons. According to the results of long-term research, it has been established that in order to achieve the optimal efficiency of agroecocenosesduring climate aridization, it is necessary to sowcorn and grain sorghum, which can form stable yields in years different in meteorological conditions.
Experience of using dry biomass of methanotrophic bacteria in the enrichment of artificial feeds for Siberian sturgeon juveniles of the Ob population
Authors: Zenkovich P A , Korentovich M A , Shabalina T O , Litvinenko A I , Litvinenko L I 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article discusses the results of a study on the enrichment of artificial feeds with dry biomass of methanotrophic bacteria of 10 and 20% concentration and fatty acids (treatment “Arfit”, linseed oil). The data on the increase in body length and weight, the survival rate of Siberian sturgeon juveniles, depending on the applied preparations introduced, are presented. The best results were obtained when 10% of dry biomass of methanotrophic bacteria and HUFA were added to the feed (acceleration of weight growth by 44%, linear growth by 38%). The presented results are aimed at developing some elements of the technology for enriching artificial feeds with microbiosynthesis products.
Monitoring of the incidence of potato tubers by diseases during storage in a complex vegetable storehouse with forced ventilation
Authors: Karpukhin M Yu , Batyrshina E R , Yurin A A , Keita Fode 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article describes the results of experimental work to determine the susceptibility of potato tubers to diseases during storage in a complex vegetable storehouse with forced ventilation. The potato variety Gala was taken as an object of research. The research was carried out in JSC Uchkhoz “Uralets” of the Beloyarsk CD of the Sverdlovsk region within the framework of the state task of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation reg. No. 121092300056-9. As a result of experimental work, it was found that cultivation technology elements: feeding area, use of fungicides and storage parameters influenced the manifestation of diseases of potato tubers. The main diseases of tubers during storage are late blight, skin necrosis, Rhizoctonia blight, Fusarium blight, ring rot. An inverse correlation was revealed between the feeding area and the degree of damage to potato tubers, that is, the smaller the feeding area, the greater the degree of damage to tubers by diseases. The use of the fungicides shirlan and infinito was effective and reduced the degree of damage to 2-3%, with 5-7% at the control. In general, it was noted that in a complex vegetable storehouse with forced ventilation in all experimental variants, regardless of the fungicide type, an increase in the feeding area during potato cultivation reduces the incidence of tubers during storage.