bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating ASCE 41‐17 performance‐based provisions on optimally designed steel moment frames
Authors: Ebadijalal Mehrdad , Shahrouzi Mohsen 
Published: July 2022

SummaryIn this study, the ASCE 41‐17 nonlinear static procedure for steel moment‐resisting frames is evaluated using a three‐phase constraint handling procedure. For the first time, advanced performance measures of ASCE 41‐17 are quantified during the optimization process by constructing concentrated plasticity models of the standard. Covariance matrix adaptation in evolution strategies (CMA‐ES) is used to obtain optimal designs for three‐ and nine‐story illustrative examples. Active and inactive constraints are discussed in the current performance‐based design methodology as a guide for future research. The seismic evaluation procedure outlined in FEMA P695 is applied to 147 optimal designs. Plastic hinge models explicitly simulate cyclic deterioration in nonlinear dynamic analyses. The numerical results conclusively demonstrate that the design procedure provides an acceptable margin of safety from collapse of the treated frames. Moreover, there is no significant relationship between the structural weights and the collapse margin ratios for such optimally designed structures.
The Many Chemists Who Could Have Proposed the Woodward‐Hoffmann Rules But Didn't: The Organic Chemists Who Knew of the Smoking Guns**
Authors: Seeman Jeffrey I. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIt is a reasonable question to ask, why, as of 1965 when the five Woodward‐Hoffmann communications appeared, did no other organic chemist discover the orbital symmetry rules for pericyclic reactions? The previous two papers in this 27‐paper series on the history of the Woodward‐Hoffmann rules discussed the physical chemists, chemical physicists, and theoretical chemists who could have solved the pericyclic no‐mechanism problem; and the organic chemists in whose laboratory many of the key hints to this problem were found but still did not solve the problem. The stories of 16 other chemists who knew of (at least portions of) the pericyclic no‐mechanism problem are presented in this paper. Social, political, and scientific explanations are presented as partial rationalizations as to why none of these individuals – except Woodward with Hoffmann – solved the pericyclic no‐mechanism problem.
Advanced placement course credit and undergraduate student success in gateway science courses
Authors: Fischer Christian , Witherspoon Eben , Nguyen Ha , Feng Yanan , Fiorini Stefano , Vincent‐Ruz Paulette , Mead Chris , Bork Rodriguez William Nicholas , Matz Rebecca L. , Schunn Christian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractApproximately 2 million students take Advanced Placement (AP) examinations annually. However, departmental policies that allow students to replace introductory courses with AP credit greatly vary within and across universities, even across relatively similar universities. This study examines the impact of AP credit policies on second‐course success in introductory Biology, Chemistry, and Physics course sequences at six large public research universities (N = 48,230 students). Applying logistic regression analyses, we found that general performance indicators and measures of systemic inequities during high school were predictive of students earning skip‐eligible scores. Interestingly, we descriptively discovered wide variation across institutions and disciplines in the percentage of students who chose to skip when meeting their local policies. However, logistic regression analysis did not find general trends of inequalities for skipping courses for students with skip‐eligible scores. We then applied inverse‐probability weights with regression adjustment to examine the effects of course skipping. We found that students who skipped their first course with AP credit actually performed similarly well or better in subsequent courses than did students who did not skip, even in contexts where lower AP scores were accepted. Therefore, our study suggests administrators to increase coherence in AP credit policies across departments and disciplines. In particular, we encourage modifying AP credit policies and academic advising to encourage students to skip when they have eligible AP scores. Benefits may include reductions in unnecessary coursework that is burdensome for both students and universities, potentially freeing up resources to better support students who were not privileged to enroll in AP courses during their high school education.
Introducing bioflocculation boundaries in process control to enhance effluent quality of high‐rate contact‐stabilization systems
Authors: Ngo Khoa Nam , Tampon Patrexia , Van Winckel Tim , Massoudieh Arash , Sturm Belinda , Bott Charles , Wett Bernhard , Murthy Sudhir , Vlaeminck Siegfried E. , DeBarbadillo Christine , De Clippeleir Haydée 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHigh‐rate activated sludge (HRAS) systems suffer from high variability of effluent quality, clarifier performance, and carbon capture. This study proposed a novel control approach using bioflocculation boundaries for wasting control strategy to enhance effluent quality and stability while still meeting carbon capture goals. The bioflocculation boundaries were developed based on the oxygen uptake rate (OUR) ratio between contactor and stabilizer (feast/famine) in a high‐rate contact stabilization (CS) system and this OUR ratio was used to manipulate the wasting setpoint. Increased oxidation of carbon or decreased wasting was applied when OUR ratio was <0.52 or >0.95 to overcome bioflocculation limitation and maintain effluent quality. When no bioflocculation limitations (OUR ratio within 0.52–0.95) were detected, carbon capture was maximized. The proposed control concept was shown for a fully automated OUR‐based control system as well as for a simplified version based on direct waste flow control. For both cases, significant improvements in effluent suspended solids level and stability (<50‐mg TSS/L), solids capture over the clarifier (>90%), and COD capture (median of 32%) were achieved. This study shows how one can overcome the process instability of current HRAS systems and provide a path to achieve more reliable outcomes.Practitioner points

Online bioflocculation boundaries (upper and lower limit) were defined by the OUR ratio between contactor and stabilizer (feast/famine).
To maintain effluent quality, carbon oxidation was minimized when bioflocculation was not limited (0.52–0.95 OUR ratio) and increased otherwise.
A fully automated control concept was piloted, also a more simplified semiautomated option was proposed.
Wasting control strategies with bioflocculation boundaries improved effluent quality while meeting carbon capture goals.
Bioflocculation boundaries are easily applied to current wasting control schemes applied to HRAS systems (i.e., MLSS, SRT, and OUR controls).
OLive-L: A SecANet Use Case for Log-Based Obstruction Solving
Authors: Holderer Julius 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, the OLive-L approach will illustrate how the SecANet approach presented in Chapter 3 can be applied to handle and resolve obstructions based on process logs. In order to complete the workflow in that context, based on indicators captured as costs, a certain yet still compliant degree of violation of safety properties is tolerated. The solutions allow for additional, eventually live, process execution sequences because they widen the behavioral framework restricted by classic IT security in a security-sensitive way. This chapter focuses on log-based completability (as identified in Chapter 2) and considers the obstruction as an execution trace in the context of process event logs. The realization of the OLive-L approach will incorporate methods of process mining and machine learning techniques to propose security-sensitive solutions that represent the nearest match of successful executions to escape an obstructed state. To show the applicability of the OLive-L approach, the evaluation offers experimental results based on event data synthesized from SecANet execution sequences. A set of example process logs will be generated using sample models with different degrees of complexity. Experiments based on these inputs will empirically show characteristics and functionality of the proposed approach. In the course of the discussion it will be sketched how logs may be used for the model-based approach and vice versa.
On holography in general background and the boundary effective action from AdS to dS
Authors: Fichet Sylvain 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We study quantum fields on an arbitrary, rigid background with boundary. We derive the action for a scalar in the holographic basis that separates the boundary and bulk degrees of freedom. A relation between Dirichlet and Neumann propagators valid for any background is obtained from this holographic action. As a simple application, we derive an exact formula for the flux of bulk modes emitted from the boundary in a warped background. We also derive a formula for the Casimir pressure on a (d − 1)-brane depending only on the boundary-to-bulk propagators, and apply it in AdS. Turning on couplings and using the holographic basis, we evaluate the one-loop boundary effective action in AdS by means of the heat kernel expansion. We extract anomalous dimensions of single and double trace CFT operators generated by loops of heavy scalars and nonabelian vectors, up to third order in the large squared mass expansion. From the boundary heat kernel coefficients we identify CFT operator mixing and corrections to OPE data, in addition to the radiative generation of local operators. We integrate out nonabelian vector fluctuations in AdS4,5,6 and obtain the associated holographic Yang-Mills β functions. Turning to the expanding patch of dS, following recent proposals, we provide a boundary effective action generating the perturbative cosmological correlators using analytical continuation from dS to EAdS. We obtain the “cosmological” heat kernel coefficients in the scalar case and work out the divergent part of the dS4 effective action which renormalizes the cosmological correlators. We find that bulk masses and wavefunction can logarithmically run as a result of the dS4 curvature, and that operators on the late time boundary are radiatively generated. More developments are needed to extract all one-loop information from the cosmological effective action.
Backreacted D0/D4 background
Authors: Filev Veselin G. , O’Connor Denjoe 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We construct a supergravity background corresponding to a backreacted D0/D4-brane system. The background is holographically dual to the Venecianno limit of the Berkoos-Douglas matrix model. It is known that the localized D0/D4 system is unstable when the D0-branes are within the D4-branes. To circumvent this difficulty we separate the D4s from the D0s, which are placed at the origin, and restore the symmetry of the combined system by distributing the D4-branes on a spherical shell around the D0-branes. The backreacted solution is first obtained perturbatively in Nf/Nc and displayed analytically to 1st order. A non-perturbative numerical solution is then presented.
Investigating the ‘techno-eco-efficiency’ performance of pump impellers: metal 3D printing vs. CNC machining
Authors: Jayawardane Heshan , Davies Ian J. , Gamage J. R. , John Michele , Biswas Wahidul K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe economic, environmental, and social impacts caused by the extensive resource consumption and harmful emissions from the metal manufacturing industry should be lowered through innovative sustainable manufacturing strategies. This study aims to investigate the techno-eco-efficiency performance of metal 3D-printed parts in comparison with CNC-machined parts to determine the technical, economic, and environmental performance as a decision support tool for selecting the most techno-eco-efficient manufacturing method. In this study, a novel metal extrusion 3D printing technology has been used to create a centrifugal semi-open pump impeller in 316L stainless steel material. The technical feasibility of the impellers has been determined by evaluating the geometry, build material, mechanics, morphology, and functional performance of the impellers. The eco-efficiency performance of technically feasible impellers was evaluated through environmental life cycle assessment, life cycle costing, and portfolio analysis. This eco-efficiency analysis helped ascertain the cost-competitiveness and environmentally friendliness of the 3D-printed impellers by comparing it with the conventional impellers. The findings reveal that the AM impeller is eco-efficient mainly due to lower normalised environmental impacts (54.6%) compared to the SM impeller. The functional parts made by metal extrusion 3D printing are technically feasible, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly compared to the SM counterparts.
Actinospica acidithermotolerans sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from sediment from an Indonesian hot spring
Authors: Kusuma Ali B. , Putra Kurniawan E. , Vanggy Leggina R. , Loh Joshua , Nouioui Imen , Goodfellow Michael 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA polyphasic study was designed to resolve the taxonomic position of isolate MGRD01-02T which was recovered from an acidic hot spring in Indonesia and assigned to the genus Actinospica. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences show that the isolate is most closely related to the type strains of Actinospica acidiphila (98.5%), Actinospica robiniae (97.8%) and Actinospica durhamensis (96.8%). Morphological and chemotaxonomic data underpin the assignment of the isolate to the genus Actinospica as it forms an extensively branched substrate mycelium which carries tufts of white aerial hyphae that differentiate into straight to flexuous chains of cylindrical spores with faint rugose surfaces, contains 2,6-diamino-3-hydroxydiaminopimelic acid in the peptidoglycan, mixtures of hydrogenated menaquinones with nine isoprene units, iso-C 15:O and iso-C 16:O as major fatty acids and phosphatidylethanolamine as the diagnostic phospholipid. Whole-genome sequence analyses show that the isolate, A. durhamensis CSCA 57T and Actinocrinis puniceicyclus DSM 45168T have genome sizes of 7.9, 9.6 and 6.7 Mbp, respectively. A phylogenomic tree shows that they form distinct branches in a well-supported clade, a result supported by associated phenotypic data. Average nucleotide identity and digital DNA:DNA hybridization similarities are below the recommended thresholds for assigning strains to the same species; they also indicate that isolate MGRD01-02T is most closely related to the A. durhamensis and A. robiniae strains. Corresponding amino acid identity and conserved protein data not only support these relationships but also confirm the taxonomic integrity of the genus Actinocrinis. Based on these results, it is proposed that isolate MGRD01-02T (= CCMM B1308T = ICEBB-09T = NCIMB 15218T) be classified in the genus Actinospica as Actinospica acidithermotolerans sp. nov. The draft genome of the isolate and its closest phylogenomic neighbours contain biosynthetic gene clusters with the potential to produce new natural products, notably antibiotics.
Development of a scoring parameter to characterize data quality of centroids in high-resolution mass spectra
Authors: Reuschenbach Max , Hohrenk-Danzouma Lotta L. , Schmidt Torsten C. , Renner Gerrit 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHigh-resolution mass spectrometry is widely used in many research fields allowing for accurate mass determinations. In this context, it is pretty standard that high-resolution profile mode mass spectra are reduced to centroided data, which many data processing routines rely on for further evaluation. Yet information on the peak profile quality is not conserved in those approaches; i.e., describing results reliability is almost impossible. Therefore, we overcome this limitation by developing a new statistical parameter called data quality score (DQS). For the DQS calculations, we performed a very fast and robust regression analysis of the individual high-resolution peak profiles and considered error propagation to estimate the uncertainties of the regression coefficients. We successfully validated the new algorithm with the vendor-specific algorithm implemented in Proteowizard’s msConvert. Moreover, we show that the DQS is a sum parameter associated with centroid accuracy and precision. We also demonstrate the benefit of the new algorithm in nontarget screenings as the DQS prioritizes signals that are not influenced by non-resolved isobaric ions or isotopic fine structures. The algorithm is implemented in Python, R, and Julia programming languages and supports multi- and cross-platform downstream data handling.
Abundance of Live and Dead Bacteriopsammon Inhabiting Sandy Ecosystems of Recreational Marine Beaches of the Southern Baltic Sea
Authors: Perliński Piotr , Mudryk Zbigniew Jan , Zdanowicz Marta , Kubera Łukasz 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe study was carried out on four non-tidal sandy marine beaches located on the Polish part of the southern Baltic Sea coast. We applied a LIVE/DEAD™ BacLight™ Bacterial Viability Kit (Invitrogen™) method to determine the abundance of live and dead bacteriopsammon. Live psammon bacteria cells constituted 31–53% of the total number of bacteria inhabiting sand of the studied beaches. Abundance of live and dead psammon bacteria generally differed along the horizontal profile in all beaches. The maximum density of bacteria was noted in the dune and the middle part of the beach (dry zones) and the minimum in wet zones, i.e., under seawater surface and at the swash zone. Generally along the vertical profile, the highest numbers of two studied bacterial groups were noted in the surface sand layer, while with increasing sediment depth their numbers significantly decreased. The abundance of live and dead bacteria showed a distinct seasonal variation.
The Impact of Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy on the Outcomes of Prepectoral Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Awadeen Abdelrahman , Fareed Mohamed , Elameen Ali Mohamed 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundBreast reconstruction is the mainstay treatment choice for patients subjected to a mastectomy. Prepectoral implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) is deemed to be a promising alternative to subpectoral reconstruction. Postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) is necessary for locoregional recurrence control and to improve the disease-free survival rate in locally advanced breast cancer. This systematic review and meta-analysis study was designed to reveal the surgical, aesthetic, and oncological outcomes of prepectoral IBBR after PMRT.MethodsAn extensive literature search was performed from inception to March 28, 2022. All clinical studies that included patients who were subjected to prepectoral IBBR and PMRT were included. Studies that included patients who received radiation therapy before prepectoral IBBR were excluded.ResultsThis systematic review included six articles encompassing 1234 reconstructed breasts. Of them, 391 breasts were subjected to PMRT, while 843 breasts were not subjected. Irradiated breasts were more susceptible to develop wound infection (RR 2.49; 95% 1.43, 4.35;P = 0.001) and capsular contracture (RR 5.17; 95% 1.93, 13.80;P = 0.001) than the non-irradiated breasts. Furthermore, irradiated breasts were more vulnerable to losing implants (RR 2.89; 95% 1.30, 6.39;P = 0.009) than the non-irradiated breast. There was no significant difference between both groups regarding the risk of implant extrusion (RR 1.88; 95% 0.20, 17.63;P = 0.58).ConclusionsPatients with prepectorally IBBR and PMRT were more vulnerable to developing poor outcomes. This included a higher risk of breast-related and implant-related adverse events.Level of Evidence IIIThis journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authorswww.springer.com/00266.
Elucidating the Paradox of Regulating Environmental Sustainability (Mis)management and Motivations: The Case of Thai Fisheries
Authors: Chau Vinh Sum , Bunsiri Montita 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article introduces and elucidates a new sustainability management paradox by examining the difficulties of applying the European Union’s illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing regulations in Thai waters. Interviews were conducted with key stakeholders of Thailand’s fishery sector to explore the particularities of the area. Configuration theory—from a strategic management perspective—was used to guide empirical research and extend it to the context of environmental regulation. The research finds that when it makes more business sense for stakeholders to engage in sustainability matters, more explicit engagement might take place of the wrong type, but the true sustainability objectives become performed more poorly and mismanaged, perhaps resulting in a worse-off position than started with. This is because regulation is astute at setting targets, but ineffective at engaging with key stakeholders. A composite model of how configuration theory fits within discussions of sustainability motivations is posited as the theoretical contribution to knowledge.
Changes in hemoglobin and clinical outcomes drive improvements in fatigue, quality of life, and physical function in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: post hoc analyses from the phase III PEGASUS study
Authors: Cella David , Sarda Sujata P. , Hsieh Ray , Fishman Jesse , Hakimi Zalmai , Hoffman Kate , Al-Adhami Mohammed , Nazir Jameel , Cutts Katelyn , Lenderking William R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractParoxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare, chronic, acquired, hematologic, life-threatening disease characterized by thrombosis, impaired bone marrow function, and complement-mediated hemolysis. The PEGASUS phase III clinical trial demonstrated superiority of pegcetacoplan over eculizumab regarding improvements in hemoglobin levels in patients with suboptimal response to prior eculizumab treatment. The objective of this post hoc analysis was to compare the patient-reported outcome (PRO) response rates observed among PEGASUS participants and the relationships between their PRO scores with clinical and hematological parameters. Data from the 16-week randomized, controlled (1:1 to pegcetacoplan or eculizumab) period of the PEGASUS trial included comparisons of weekly PRO measurements taken using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F) scale and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) scales. A clinically meaningful FACIT-F response was defined as an increase from baseline of ≥5 points. Convergent validity was assessed using conventional threshold correlations between FACIT-F, EORTC QLQ-C30, and laboratory parameters. A clinically meaningful improvement in FACIT-F score was seen in 72.2% of pegcetacoplan-treated patients compared to 22.9% of eculizumab-treated patients. At week 16, the FACIT-F total score correlated with hemoglobin levels (r=0.47,p< 0.0001), absolute reticulocyte count (r=−0.37,p<0.01), and indirect bilirubin levels (r=−0.25,p<0.05). Clinically meaningful improvements in pegcetacoplan-treated patients were also observed for multiple EORTC scales. Fatigue and other self-reported outcomes were correlated with clinically meaningful improvements in clinical and hematological parameters. Clinical trial registration: NCT03500549