bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Germany’s Approaches to the Settlement of Contemporary International Conflicts in the post-Soviet Space
Authors: Shevchuk N. V. , Sachik A. A. 
Published: March 2022

The article analyzes the mediation activity of Germany in the context of the common European approaches to the peaceful settlement of international conflicts.Aim. To identify the importance of German mediation for foreign policy and its impact on the promotion of peace initiatives in the Eurasian space. Compare the current mediation tactics used by Germany today.Tasks. To analyze the foreign policy instruments of the State in question to promote the peaceful settlement of conflicts in regions of political importance to it, including the post-Soviet space.Methods. The paper uses logical and comparative analysis, a method of working with regulatory legal acts.Results. Mediation serves as an important foreign policy tool of the state in question to promote the peaceful settlement of conflicts in regions of political importance to it, such as the post-Soviet space.Conclusion. The authors show the main approaches of the German Federal Government to crisis prevention, which are based on a broad concept of security. The article provides a categorization of the main instruments of Germany’s participation in mediation processes, namely: participation in formal formats of conflict resolution; participation in informal formats of conflict resolution; confidencebuilding measures. Analyzing the experience of Germany’s participation in peace processes in the postSoviet space, the authors come to the conclusion that the state tries to remain in the shadows, playing the role of a mediator in conflicts, while coordinating its actions with other active actors involved in the region.
Pengaruh Penerapan Instrumen Penilaian Unjuk Kerja Pada Materi Organisasi Kehidupan Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa SMP
Authors: Tiara Tiara aprilini , Hamidah Afreni , Risnita Risnita 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
The application of performance instruments in practical activities has an important role in improving learning outcomes. This is to encourage students to be active in learning activities, especially practicum and anticipate in every practicum activity carried out by teachers at school. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of performance instruments on students' cognitive and psychomotor learning outcomes. This study uses a Quasi Experimental Design by using a pretest-posttest design. The population in this study was class VII SMP Negeri 7 Jambi City and the sampling was carried out by purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques in this study were tests for cognitive aspects and demonstration instruments for psychomotor aspects. Data analysis used One Sample T Test and Paired Sample t-test. The results of the research on the cognitive aspect showed that the average score of the Pretest score for the experimental class was 37.09 and the average score for the Posttest was 84.67. In the experimental class the psychomotor aspect of practicum activities obtained a value of 0.002 <0.05, which means Normal or it can be said that the average value of the psychomotor abilities of students is better after the implementation of performance instruments.
Keywords: Performance Instruments, Learning Outcomes

Abstrak. Penerapan instrumen unjuk kerja dalam kegiatan praktikum memiliki peranan penting dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar. Hal ini untuk mendorong peserta didik untuk aktif dalam kegiatan belajar khususnya praktikum dan termotivasi dalam setiap kegiatan praktikum yang dilaksanakan oleh guru disekolah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh instrumen unjuk kerja terhadap hasil belajar kognitif dan psikomotorik siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan Quasi Eksperimental Design dengan menngunakan desain pretest-postest. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah kelas VII SMP Negeri 7 Kota Jambi dan pengambilan sampel dilaksanakan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah dengan metode tes untuk aspek kognitif dan Instrumen unjuk kerja pada aspek psikomotor. Analisis data menggunakan Uji One Sample T Test dan Paired Sample t-test. Hasil penelitian pada aspek kognitif menunjukkan hasil skor rata-rata nilai Pretest kelas eksperimen yaitu 37,09 dan rata-rata nilai Posttest yaitu 84,67. Pada kelas Eksperimen aspek psikomotor kegiatan praktikum memperoleh nilai 0,002 <0,05 yang artinya Normal atau dapat dikatakan bahwa nilai rata-rata kemampuan psikomotorik peserta didik lebih baik setelah dilakukan penerapan instrumen unjuk kerja.
Kata kunci: Instrumen unjuk kerja, Hasil belajar
Toxicological diagnosis in the critical patient: The challenge
Authors: Ávila Reyes Diana , García Pasichana Bayron David , Galvis Mejía Juan Camilo , Gómez González José Fernando , Villadiego Molinares Marisol Margarita , Aguirre Flórez Mateo , González Cuéllar Yessica Alejandra 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: A high percentage of patients who survived poisoning will be transferred to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) to continue their management in relation to the severity of the poisoning, and possible complications that arise in this scenario. The clinical results will depend on several factors, such as the ingested dose, the characteristics of the substance, the time of medical attention, and the pre-existing state of health of the patient.
Objective: To review the clinical behavior of poisonings in the critically ill patient.
Recent findings: The data bases that yielded relevant bibliographical results were Web of Sciences, Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, and bibliographic references published between 2012 and 2020 were chosen.
Conclusions: The clinical behavior of poisonings in the critically ill patient is atypical. The intensivist must have an in-depth knowledge of the behavior and pathophysiology of the toxins since making a medical diagnosis on the stage of the critically ill patient is challenging. The integration of all possible medical tools is required to achieve this in the absence of clinical history, and the implementation of early management strategies is necessary to reach physiological restoration by using a continuous evaluation approach. The severity of poisoning in the critically ill patient demands interdisciplinary management that includes assessment by Clinical Toxicology.
Dirofilaria immitis en caninos del medio Sinú: un posible riesgo para la salud pública
Authors: Betancur Hurtado César Augusto , Calderón Rangel Alfonso , Jaramillo Mejía Gloria Patricia 
Published: March 2022

Introducción: Dirofilaria immitis es un parásito de distribución mundial, en caninos produce la dirofilariosis cardiopulmonar progresiva, afección localizada en las arterias pulmonares y el ventrículo derecho, que induce a daño endotelial y neumonitis. El parásito es trasmitido por la picadura de mosquitos a caninos y a otras especies, inclusive a humanos que habitan zonas endémicas, constituyéndose en una zoonosis. En Colombia D. immitis ha sido reportada en diferentes regiones de Colombia.
Objetivo: Determinar anticuerpos contra D. immitis en caninos de Cereté, Ciénaga de Oro y San Carlos, municipios del Medio Sinú (Córdoba).
Materiales y métodos: Mediante un estudio descriptivo de corte trasversal y un muestreo estratificado, se tomaron 105 muestras de sangre en caninos de las áreas urbanas de estos municipios; la determinación de antígenos de D. immitis, se realizó mediante un inmunoensayo enzimático. Se usó estadística descriptiva y se empleó Chi-cuadrado para determinar si hubo diferencias significativas con respecto a la seropositividad y las variables evaluadas (edad, raza y procedencia).
Resultados: La seroprevalencia fue del 5.7% y los anticuerpos se detectaron en todos los municipios evaluados. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticas entre seropositividad por municipio, edad, raza, sexo.
Conclusiones: El hábitat de los humanos en los municipios del medio Sinú, junto con la detección de anticuerpos circulantes en caninos de D. immitis, las condiciones agroecológicas de esta región, la presencia de mosquitos y hospederos, puede hacer que los humanos sean expuestos a la transmisión de patógenos y ser un riesgo para la salud pública; por lo cual se hace necesario implementar medidas de prevención y control de vectores.
The muscle bundle approach for catheter ablation of the cavotricuspid isthmus: a propensity score-matched cohort study
Authors: Alvarez Miguel , Jordán Laura , Ballesteros Guillermo Gutierrez , Macias-Ruiz Rosa , Lerma Manuel Molina , Sánchez-Millán Pablo , Jiménez-Jáimez Juan , Rivera-López Ricardo , Tercedor Luis 
Published: March 2022

Introduction Pathological studies have demonstrated that the
cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) is often composed of discrete muscle bundles
that correlate with high-voltage local electrograms. The main objective
was to demonstrate that ablation of high-voltage muscle bundles in the
cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI), identified using an intracardiac mapping
system, reduces radiofrequency (RF) time compared to the conventional
technique. Methods A retrospective analysis of patients who had
undergone CTI ablation guided by a mapping system. The patients were
divided into two groups according to operator experience and selected by
propensity score-matched analysis: group A, RF delivery in high-voltage
bundles and group B, RF delivery producing a contiguous line of ablation
lesions along the entire CTI length. Results Thirty-eight patients
[92.1% male, 64 yrs (57-70)] were selected, 19 in each group. There
were no differences in baseline characteristics or clinical results:
success (A: 94.7% vs B: 94.7%), complications (A: 5.3% vs B: 0%) and
recurrence (A: 10.5% vs B: 5.3%). In the procedures in group A, fewer
RF applications were delivered [14 (9–19) vs 20 (2–25);
P < 0.05] with greater contact force [14.5 g (13–16.2) vs
12 g (9-14); P < 0.01] and greater lesion size index (LSI)
[5.3 (4.9–6) vs 4.5 (4.1–4.7); P < 0.001]. The RF time
was less (P < 0.001) in group A [310 s (211–479) vs 577 s
(312–858)]. Conclusions Application of RF in CTI muscle bundles
reduces RF time, compared to conventional linear ablation, with similar
clinical results.
The finishing and cleaning of long parts in screw rotors
Authors: Lebedev V. A. , Al-Obaidi L. M. R. , Koval N. S. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction. To search for effective methods of finishing and stripping of long-length parts, it is advisable to create a rotary-screw process system of a pass-through type. Its main working element is a screw rotor, which is a combination of flat elements of various shapes and sizes, multidirectional with respect to the helical lines around the perimeter. The purpose of this study is to justify the intensity of the machining process in devices equipped with a screw rotor.Materials and Methods. Metal removal is accepted as the main parameter determining the intensity of the machining process in screw rotors. Within the framework of the presented study, processing was performed on an experimental rotary-screw installation. The processing medium consisted of molded abrasive pellets of the PT 10x10 brand. The research conditions were as follows: loading volume (without part) — 60 %; rotor speed — 50 rpm; processing time – 30, 60, 90 min; rotor axis tilt angles — 0о and 5о. The influence of treatment modes and conditions on the process intensity was considered on plate samples with dimensions of 80×10×1 mm made of aluminum alloy D16T. To determine metal removal, the samples were weighed on Ohaus AX223 analytical balance before and after processing.Results. The patterns of metal removal from samples at different processing times, the location of samples in the working area of a screw rotor with different angles of inclination, and its speed are presented.Discussion and Conclusions. The regularities established in the course of research indicate the efficiency of rotaryscrew process systems for solving problems on the finishing treatment of long-length parts. The main factors that control such processing in devices with a screw rotor and affect its intensity (and, as a consequence, the process performance) are the screw rotor speed, the shape of the perimeter, and the axis angle.
Kajian Analisis Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa
Authors: Panjaitan M. Azhari , Panjaitan Asmin 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa yang diajar dengan model pembelajaran problem based learning, Untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran problem based learning terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa, Untuk mengetahui kelebihan dan kekurangan dari model pembelajaran problem based learning berdasarkan hasil temuan penelitian. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi literatur (penelitian kepustakaan). Data yang dikumpulkan merupakan data sekunder berupa hasil penelitian dari jurnal ilmiah, buku, dan skripsi atau tesis. Selanjutnya, data tersebut dianalisis dengan teknik “analisis anotasi bibliografis”. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning yang diajarkan kepada siswa pada saat pembelajaran matematika dapat meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa. (2) Terdapat Pengaruh dari model pembelajaran problem based learning terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa. (3) Beberapa kelebihan dan kekurangan model pembelajaran problem based learning berdasarkan temuan penelitian, yaitu dari sisi kelebihannya bahwa kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa meningkat setelah pembelajaran dengan model problem based learning, siswa menjadi lebih aktif dalam pembelajaran, menjadikan siswa mampu mengerjakan soal yang berbeda dari contoh yang diberikan, siswa mampu mencari dengan sendiri, mengalami interaksi antar kelompok dan saling tukar pemikiran secara ilmiah, dan mampu menyelesaikan proses pemecahan masalah. Akan tetapi ada terdapat nilai negatif atau kekurangan dibalik pelaksanaan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah atau kendala yang dialami berupa persiapan pelaksanaan, kurangnya memahami apresiasi guru, jumlah kelompok terlalu banyak, dan keterbatasan waktu dalam pembelajaran
Realization of Economic Justice Through Teleworking.
Authors: Safdari Mehdi , Bafrani Alireza Arab , Ghomi Afsaneh Bagheri 
Published: March 2022

The economy of any country is unique to its own ideology, studying economic conditions and management/work arrangement are not separated. Methodology: Hence, in devising a model, it is necessary to respect work style changes that impact on work distribution among potential people. Automating the works and performance whole or partly by teleworking can have an impact on increasing digital economic power. likewise, teleworking can be along with removing time and place barriers, using rural workforce, women with small children, disabled persons, part time forces and so on which would employ higher forces and would reduce the unemployment rate. Results: Despite its costs, in the case, that teleworking is executed properly; it would cause a big economic revolution due to its resilience and compensating its costs. In the present study, the impact of teleworking on economic justice will be discussed. Conclusion: It can be said that teleworking increase competitive potency and reduce the unemployment rate as, as a result, would establish economic justice.
Isolation, Purification, and Characterization of Pecan Nut Lipase and Studying its Affinity towards Pomegranate Extracts and 1, 4-Diacetoxybenzene
Authors: Alabbas K. S. , SALIH O. A. , Al-ABBASY O. Y. 
Published: March 2022

This study included partial purification of the lipase enzyme from the karnel of the pecan nut. After applying ion exchange chromatography technique using CM-Cellulose, two lipase isoenzymes were observed with specific activity values of 2.66 and 1.7 units/mg protein. The highest activity of both isoenzymes appeared at the optimum pH values of 8 and 6 and at temperatures of 40 and 50 °C, respectively. A pure single band was obtained by using electrophoresis technique and it was found that the approximate molecular weight was 42 kDa for the two isoenzymes. The study dealt with the preparation of the diester compound 1,4-diacetoxybenzene, which was diagnosed by GC-MS and 1H NMR spectrometry. When studying the inhibition mode, the above compound showed a competitive inhibition of the lipase, as the value of Km increased from 0.013 to 2.857 mM, and Vmax was 0.25 enzymatic units / ml / min. Inhibition constant Ki was calculated and its value was 0.0319 mM. Pomegranate peel extracts with chloroform and ethyl acetate revealed an activating effect on lipase. This research aims to detect the presence of lipase in the pecan nut karnel and purify it by biochemical methods to know its properties and molecular weight. Then we attempted to inhibit it with a laboratory-prepared compound that has a structure similar to the basic substance on which the enzyme works.
Photodynamic inactivation (effect of laser with and without photosensitizer) on viability of streptococcus pyogenes
Authors: Al-saidy Mawadamousa mousa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Burns wounds infection is the high most frequent complications of burns as a result of penetration of bacteria from neighboring tissue. Because of expanded utilization of antibiotics, the spread of multi-drug resistance bacteria emerge as one of alarming hazard to public health.
Photodynamic inactivation is the technique that can be used to prohibit these organisms. This study focused on bactericidal potency of toluidine blue (TBO) photosensitizer and red laser radiation of 635nm with different doses against multi-drug resistant streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) isolated from infected burns wounds to see if it is susceptible to photodynamic inactivation .
A total of 45 isolates were collected from 38 patients with infected burns wounds samples were collected from September to December 2019.Burns wounds swabs were employed using standard procedure of swab collection. Among these, eleven isolates were multidrug resistant S.pyogenes. More resistant isolate that has been proved to all antibiotics used. This multidrug resistant isolate used in all experiments. Bacterial suspension was diluted by using serial dilution. The suspension of S. pyogenes in normal saline was treated with red laser radiation at a wavelength 635nm with and without TBO, and investigated the effect of changing laser doses (3.6 ,7 and 10.8 J/cm2) corresponding to laser exposure time (5,10 and 15 minutes and different photosensitizer concentrations on viability of S. pyogenes isolated from infected burns wounds. The results of this study suggest that multi- drug resistance S pyogenes isolated from infected burns wounds inhibited by using photodynamic inactivation mediated by TBO and red laser at a wavelength 635 nm. The effective technique for killing or inhibiting S. pyogenes isolated from infected burns wounds is the combination of red laser at a wave length 635nm and TBO. Combination of TBO and red laser light prohibit S. pyogenes, the optimum results of bacterial inhibition obtained at 50µg/ml, and laser dose 7 J/cm2 corresponding to exposure time 10 minutes.
Factors Affecting the Online Hotel Reservation – A Multiple Regression Analysis
Authors: Zia Sayma , Khan Ayesha , Abbas Insiya , Idrees Muhammad Abdullah 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Now-a-days online hotel reservations find very sensitive part among any activity performed by individuals where we can see that consumers are facing a lot of difficulties and risks in order to confirm their bookings, because with the passage of time it’s been found that the internet usage is increased likewise risk factors and fraudulent activities have also been taking place more frequently so that’s why people feel hesitations and confusions in order to confirm their bookings because now-a-days as much internet usage have been increased likewise risk factors and fraudulent activities have also been taking place more frequently so that’s why people feel hesitations and confusions in order to find their hotel reservations done.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The purpose of this research study will be a detailed nature creating use of data and information asked from the research instruments. The study adopted two major research approaches, namely qualitative approach and quantitative approach during data collection and presentation. Random sampling is used as a sampling technique.
Findings: Overall results indicate that Security Risk, Financial Risk, Trust, and Consumer psychology all are important dimensions of online reservations. All these variables are important for an organization’s functions and increasing efficiency and effectiveness.
Implications/Originality/Value: This study can be helpful for all the hospitality industry related organizations who want to measure risk factors for online reservations. Organizations in private sectors and other industries can also be included in further research work. Managers should make sure that they and their subordinates follow the process flows on online sales of their brand, and do not make any exceptions.
Efek Manipulasi pH pada Aktivitas Enzim Selulase Bakteri Bacillus subtillis Strain FNCC 0059 dalam Mendegradasi Selulosa
Authors: Kartika Ismi Nurul , Ibrahim Muslimin 
Published: March 2022

Selulase merupakan enzim yang mempunyai fungsi penting dalam mengubah bahan limbah organik selulosa. Selulase merupakan kelompok enzim yang minimal terdiri dari tiga enzim yaitu endoglukonase, eksoglukonase dan Î²-glukonase yang bekerja sinergis supaya dapat mendegradasi selulosa menjadi glukosa. Glukosa tersebut digunakan sebagai sumber karbon dan nutrisi pertumbuhan bakteri. Enzim selulase kasar termasuk enzim ekstraseluler yang didapatkan pada isolat bakteri selulolitik. Bakteri yang berpotensi memproduksi enzim selulase ialah salah satunya Bacillus subtilis. Bakteri ini dapat diisolasi dari air dan tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan pH optimal aktivitas enzim selulase B. subtilis. Penelitian menggunakan lima perlakuan pH (5, 6, 7, 8, dan 9) pada suhu 37o C dengan lima ulangan dan 25 sampel perlakuan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Aktivitas enzim selulase diukur bersumber pada kandungan gula reduksi dengan metode asam 3,5 dinitrosalisilat (DNS). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Anova satu arah. Apabila berbeda nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa B. subtillis secara kualitatif menghasilkan zona bening yaitu sebesar 0,35 mm. Hasil Anova satu arah menunjukkan nilai signifikan terhadap perlakuan variasi pH namun setelah diuji Duncan taraf 5% perlakuan variasi pH tidak berpengaruh secara nyata. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu manipulasi pH tidak berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas selulase. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah B. subtillis strain FNCC 0059 dapat dimanfaatkan untuk membantu memecah sumber karbon selulosa menjadi glukosa.