bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disease and economic burden of infections in hospitalised children in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: McMullan Brendan J. , Valentine Jake C. , Hall Lisa , Thursky Karin 
Published: June 2022

Objectives To describe the burden of disease and hospitalisation costs in children with common infections using statewide administrative data. Methods We analysed hospitalisation prevalence and costs for 10 infections: appendicitis, cellulitis, cervical lymphadenitis, meningitis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, sepsis, septic arthritis, and urinary tract infections in children aged <18 years admitted to hospital within New South Wales, Australia, using an activity-based management administrative dataset over three financial years (1 July 2016–30 June 2019). Results Among 339 077 admissions, 28 748 (8.48%) were coded with one of the 10 infections, associated with a total hospitalisation cost of AUD230 905 190 and a per episode median length-of-stay of 3 bed-days. Pneumonia was the most prevalent coded infection (3.1% [n = 10 524] of all admissions), followed by appendicitis (1.61%; n = 5460), cellulitis (1.22%; n = 4126) and urinary tract infections (0.94%; n = 3193). Eighty per cent of children (n = 22 529) were admitted to a non-paediatric hospital. Mean costs were increased 1.18-fold per additional bed-day, 2.14-fold with paediatric hospital admissions, and 5.49-fold with intensive care unit admissions, which were both also associated with greater total bed-day occupancy. Indigenous children comprised 9.7% of children admitted with these infections, and mean per episode costs, and median bed-days were reduced compared with non-Indigenous children (0.84 [95% CI 0.78, 0.89] and 3 (IQR: 2,5) vs 2 (IQR: 2,4), respectively. Conclusions Infections in children requiring hospitalisation contribute a substantial burden of disease and cost to the community. This varies by infection, facility type, and patient demographics, and this information should be used to inform and prioritise programs to improve care for children.
Deadwood mass and microclimate affect labile soil carbon and nitrogen under thinning of a naturally regenerated oak forest
Authors: Kim Seongjun , Kim Hyun-Jun , Kim Choonsig , Lee Sang-Tae , Son Yowhan 
Published: June 2022

Context Labile soil carbon and nitrogen are important indicators for evaluating carbon sequestration and nutrient availability under forest management such as thinning. Aims This study assessed the effects of thinning on labile soil carbon and nitrogen indices in a naturally regenerated oak forest. Methods Un-thinned control, 15% thinning, and 30% thinning were set up, and labile soil carbon and nitrogen (microbial biomass, permanganate oxidisable carbon, dissolved carbon and nitrogen, and inorganic nitrogen) and C:N balance indices (C:N ratio and threshold element ratio) were measured after 6 years. Key results Thinning generally increased labile soil carbon and nitrogen concentrations (P < 0.01); however, their fraction within the total soil carbon and nitrogen decreased under thinning. Redundancy analysis revealed that the remaining deadwood mass was the most influential factor affecting such differences in labile soil carbon and nitrogen indices across the three treatments (P < 0.01), although soil moisture had an effect as well (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the dissolved C:N ratio was higher than threshold element ratio only in 15% and 30% thinnings, indicating that thinning could shift the limiting factor for microbial growth from carbon to nitrogen by adding deadwoods, which provided carbon-rich substrates. Conclusions Overall, results demonstrate that deadwood retention and soil microclimatic changes could be the significant factors affecting soil carbon and nitrogen storage and the associated microbial affinity in thinned forests. Implications Therefore, sustainable forestry strategies for thinning residue management should be addressed to reinforce soil carbon and nitrogen conditions and the forest ecosystem functions.
Hepatitis E virus infects brain microvascular endothelial cells, crosses the blood–brain barrier, and invades the central nervous system
Authors: Tian Debin , Li Wen , Heffron C. Lynn , Wang Bo , Mahsoub Hassan M. , Sooryanarain Harini , Hassebroek Anna M. , Clark-Deener Sherrie , LeRoith Tanya , Meng Xiang-Jin 
Published: June 2022

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important but understudied zoonotic virus causing both acute and chronic viral hepatitis. A proportion of HEV-infected individuals also developed neurological diseases such as Guillain–Barré syndrome, neuralgic amyotrophy, encephalitis, and myelitis, although the mechanism remains unknown. In this study, by using an in vitro blood–brain barrier (BBB) model, we first investigated whether HEV can cross the BBB and whether the quasi-enveloped HEV virions are more permissible to the BBB than the nonenveloped virions. We found that both quasi-enveloped and nonenveloped HEVs can similarly cross the BBB and that addition of proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) has no significant effect on the ability of HEV to cross the BBB in vitro. To explore the possible mechanism of HEV entry across the BBB, we tested the susceptibility of human brain microvascular endothelial cells lining the BBB to HEV infection and showed that brain microvascular endothelial cells support productive HEV infection. To further confirm the in vitro observation, we conducted an experimental HEV infection study in pigs and showed that both quasi-enveloped and nonenveloped HEVs invade the central nervous system (CNS) in pigs, as HEV RNA was detected in the brain and spinal cord of infected pigs. The HEV-infected pigs with detectable viral RNA in CNS tissues had histological lesions in brain and spinal cord and significantly higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and interleukin 18 than the HEV-infected pigs without detectable viral RNA in CNS tissues. The findings suggest a potential mechanism of HEV-associated neuroinvasion.
Cicero, Academica 1.45
Authors: Snyder Charles 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Focused on the reference to Socrates’ confession of ignorance at Academica 1.45, this paper
challenges the common assumption that the passage transmits Arcesilaus’ conception of Socrates. This paper develops in two steps
a more plausible reading of the passage. According to this reading, Cicero presents an interpretation of Arcesilaus’ historical
relation to Socrates. In conclusion, the paper argues that traditional readings of Acad. 1.45 underestimate not
only Cicero’s originality as an historical thinker, but also his clever reconstruction of Academic history, as it effectively
opposes the controversial Academic history defended by Antiochus in the early first century BCE.
Humanismus und Wahrheit
Authors: Law Esteban 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper analyses the Verlagsanzeige of the humanist, mathematician, astronomer and publisher Johannes Regiomontanus (1436–1476). How is humanism expressed in this famous document from German early printing and what is its relationship to philosophy? The article shows that Regiomontanus advocated a special form of humanism that went beyond the standard humanism that he valued, with ‘truth’ as its most important aspect. From the epistemological perspective of the history of philosophy in Regiomontanus’s publishing programme, the ‘truth’ of mathematics is seen, analogous to some predecessors, as a paradigm of programmatic testimony. The integration of philosophy is evident in this, as in another specified way as well.
The derivative structure of Mandarin disyllabic verbs
Authors: Robson Shin Yong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
With detailed examinations of the four characters that are known to be the most commonly used verb suffixes
(huà, dé/de, yú and yĭ) and their correlative implementations in Mandarin disyllabic verbs,
this article discusses the traits of the derivative structure that are formed with a content morpheme and a suffix. The
observations show that not all of the disyllabic words where these characters are the second morpheme are derivative verbs. On the
other hand, being the derivational components of the disyllabic verbs, these suffixes all have their individual qualities that
lead to their non-uniformed morphological representations.
Features of the primordial Universe in f(R)-gravity as viewed in the Jordan frame
Authors: Bamonti Nicola , Costantini Andrea , Montani Giovanni 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We analyze some features of the primordial Universe as viewed in the Jordan frame formulation of the f(R)-gravity when the potential term is negligible. We start formulating the Hamiltonian picture using the three-metric determinant as a basic variable and we outline that its conjugated momentum appears linearly only in the scalar constraint. We construct the formalism to characterize the dynamics of a generic inhomogeneous cosmological model and specialize it to describe behaviors of the Bianchi Universes, both on a classical and a quantum regime. We demonstrate that, when the potential term of the additional scalar mode is negligible near to the initial singularity, the Bianchi IX cosmology is no longer affected by the chaotic behavior, typical in the vacuum of the Einsteinian dynamics. In fact, the presence of the Kasner stability region and its attractive character are properly characterized. Finally, we investigate the canonical quantization of the Bianchi I model, using as time variable the non-minimally coupled scalar field and showing that the existence of a conserved current is outlined for the corresponding Wheeler–DeWitt equation. The behavior of a localized wave-packet for the isotropic Universe is also evolved, demonstrating that the singularity is still present in this revised quantum dynamics.
Bright and dark Autler–Townes states in the atomic Rydberg multilevel spectroscopy
Authors: Bevilacqua Giuseppe , Arimondo Ennio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We investigated the Autler–Townes (AT) splitting produced by microwave (mw) transitions between atomic Rydberg states explored by optical spectroscopy from the ground electronic state. The laser-atom Hamiltonian describing the double irradiation of such a multilevel system is analysed on the basis of the Morris–Shore transformation. The application of this transformation to the mw-dressed atomic system allows the identification of bright, dark, and spectator states associated with different configurations of atomic states and mw polarisations. We derived synthetic spectra that show the main features of Rydberg spectroscopy. Complex AT spectra are obtained in a regime of strong mw dressing, where a hybridisation of the Rydberg fine structure states is produced by the driving.
The degradation of silicone rubber composites with ZnO microvaristors under impulse voltage
Authors: Huang Zhiwen , Yang Xiao , Yuan Zhikang , Sun Gang , Sun Ya , Hu Jun , He Jinliang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this study, the degradation behavior of silicone rubber (SiR) composites with ZnO microvaristors under impulse voltage was investigated. Typical impulse voltages with different amplitudes were applied to the samples, and the degraded threshold electric field (E
b) and nonlinear coefficient (α) of the samples were obtained by conductivity test after every impulse was applied. Scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to characterize the micro performance of the samples. The failure of the SiR composites was found to be attributed to the aging behavior in the microstructure of ZnO microvaristors, which was divided into four stages caused by the precipitation of Bi2O3 and the dissipation of the honeycomb grain-boundary structure. The mechanism of degradation was internal local heat accumulation and damage of the microelement caused by the thermal stress, generated by impulse voltage. This work is helpful to develop smart composite
materials with self-adaptive capability to control high electrical field and increase
the stability and durability of power apparatus and electronic devices.
Rotational and translational microrheology from shape-anisotropic particles
Authors: Arauz-Lara José Luis , Ramírez-Saíto Ángeles , Haro-Pérez Catalina 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this work, we report measurements of the mean squared angular and translational displacements of a colloidal dumbbell immersed in a viscoelastic fluid using digital microscopy. From the mean squared displacements, we obtain the mechanical properties of the media. Both angular and translational motions provide the same viscoelastic complex modulus and agree with that obtained from the translational motion of a spherical probe particle.
Structural ordering at magnetic seeds with twins at boundaries of a core–shell alloy Mn60Bi40 and tailored magnetic properties
Authors: Sharma Sanjeev Kumar , Rangaswamy Prakash Haranahally , Pradhan Debabrata , Fecht Hans-Jörg , Ram Shanker 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A spin Mn3d5-rich Mn60Bi40 alloy reveals a model system in order to tailor profound magnetic properties at unpaired 3d5 spins in such alloys of a core–shell structure. As annealed (at a critical temperature 573 K in H2 gas), a refined powder (in glycine) grows on α-MnBi seeds (crystallites) present in it at Mn/Bi atoms order over topological layers, preferentially along (110) planes, at a self-confined structure at seeds of an anisotropic shape of hexagonal (h) plates (25–85 nm widths). In terms of the HRTEM images, the atoms turn down at edges (at the plates grow up) in a spiral layer, ≤ 2.1 nm thickness, of small core–shells. A spin model is proposed to delineate a way at the spins can pin down at the edges, form single magnetic domains, and raise coercivity (H
c), with no much loss of net magnetic moment. The X-ray diffraction and HRTEM images corroborate the results of topological pacing of atoms at the h-plates at anneals. A novelty is that a core–shell leads to tailor a superb H
c, as much as 11.110 kOe (16.370 kOe at 350 K), with a fairly large magnetization, 76.5 emu g−1, at near 300 K. An enhanced Curie point 650.1 K (628 K at Mn50Bi50 alloy) confers a surplus 3d5-Mn spin sensitively tunes α-MnBi stoichiometry and so its final magnetic structure. A refined alloy powder so made is useful to make powerful magnets and devices in the forms of films and bonded magnets in different shapes for uses as small tools, tweezers, and other devices.
Flexibility and rigidity of free boundary MHD equilibria
Authors: Constantin Peter , Drivas Theodore D , Ginsberg Daniel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We study stationary free boundary configurations of an ideal incompressible magnetohydrodynamic fluid possessing nested flux surfaces. In 2D simply connected domains, we prove that if the magnetic field and velocity field are never commensurate, the only possible domain for any such equilibria is a disk, and the velocity and magnetic field are circular. We give examples of non-symmetric equilibria occupying a domain of any shape by imposing an external magnetic field generated by a singular current sheet charge distribution (external coils). Some results carry over to 3D axisymmetric solutions. These results highlight the importance of external magnetic fields for the existence of asymmetric equilibria.
The diatomic Hartree model at dissociation
Authors: Cazalis Jean 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We study the Hartree model for two electrons with spin, living in the two-dimensional or three-dimensional space with Coulomb interactions and submitted to the potential induced by two nuclei of charge +1. In the limit where the nuclei move away from each other, we show that the two lowest eigenfunctions of the mean-field Hamiltonian are asymptotically given by an even, respectively odd, superposition of the minimiser associated with the corresponding Hartree one nucleus model. We then give upper and lower bounds on the exponentially small gap between the first two eigenvalues, due to (nonlinear) quantum tunneling.
Designing negative derivative feedback controller based on maximum damping and H
2 method
Authors: Jamshidi Rasa , Collette Christophe 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a straightforward procedure is presented for optimal design of negative derivative feedback (NDF) controller with maximum damping and

H
2

optimization method. NDF is a controller, which works as a band-pass filter, cutting off the control action far from the natural frequencies associated with the controlled modes and reducing spillover effect. Since it is a bandpass filter, it can effectively control the lower or higher frequency disturbances. It is also implementable on vibration mitigation applications with high performance. For this end, a simple one degree of freedom system is considered and afterward, the controller parameters are extracted dependent on closed loop damping. The

H
2

method is used to calculate the optimal value of closed loop damping. The effect of changing the controller parameters on the system response are evaluated and discussed in detail. Also, the control effort for various closed loop damping has been calculated and compared with performance index of controller. A detailed comparison between performance and control effort are also presented. The results show high impact of NDF controller on vibration mitigation and its applicability to employ on various systems.
Application of kernel ridge regression in predicting neutron-capture reaction cross-sections
Authors: Huang T X , Wu X H , Zhao P W 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This article provides the first application of the machine-learning approach in the study of the cross-sections for neutron-capture reactions with the kernel ridge regression (KRR) approach. It is found that the KRR approach can reduce the root-mean-square (rms) deviation of the relative errors between the experimental data of the Maxwellian-averaged

(
n
,
γ
)

cross-sections and the corresponding theoretical predictions from 69.8% to 35.4%. By including the data with different temperatures in the training set, the rms deviation can be further significantly reduced to 2.0%. Moreover, the extrapolation performance of the KRR approach along different temperatures is found to be effective and reliable.
Continuous IPPP links for UTC
Authors: Petit G , Meynadier F , Harmegnies A , Parra C 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The technique of precise point positioning with integer ambiguity resolution (IPPP) has been developed for many years and has been shown to significantly improve the long-term performance of time and frequency transfer with respect to other GNSS-based techniques. In this paper, we present results of GPS IPPP links over a period of 22 months for a dozen time laboratories participating to UTC. We show that continuous links, in which the continuity of the GPS phase measurements is preserved, can be maintained for periods exceeding one year and further extended if data from two receivers per station are available. We quantify the frequency transfer uncertainty of IPPP by comparison to optical links and show how IPPP could improve UTC links to below 1 × 10−16 relative frequency uncertainty over averaging times of up to one month, i.e. the characteristic period of UTC publication. Comparisons of primary and secondary frequency standards reported for TAI indicate that IPPP could somewhat improve the accuracy of TAI/UTC. Comparisons of IPPP to two-way time transfer techniques reveal very long-term ns-size instabilities which must be further studied. Use of IPPP for UTC links is possible only if integer GNSS satellite products become available with a short delay and we report on such experimental products. Finally, we discuss the practical implications of using IPPP link in UTC and describe how the necessary steps could be implemented.
Climate change and health in Kuwait: temperature and mortality projections under different climatic scenarios
Authors: Alahmad Barrak , Vicedo-Cabrera Ana Maria , Chen Kai , Garshick Eric , Bernstein Aaron S , Schwartz Joel , Koutrakis Petros 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
It is uncertain what climate change could bring to populations and countries in the hot desert environment of the Arabian Peninsula. Not only because they are already hot, countries in this region also have unique demographic profiles, with migrant populations potentially more vulnerable and constituting a large share of the population. In Kuwait, two-thirds of the population are migrant workers and record-high temperatures are already common. We quantified the temperature-related mortality burdens in Kuwait in the mid- (2050–2059) and end-century (2090–2099) decades under moderate (SSP2-4.5) and extreme (SSP5-8.5) climate change scenarios. We fitted time series distributed lag non-linear models to estimate the baseline temperature–mortality relationship which was then applied to future daily mean temperatures from the latest available climate models to estimate decadal temperature-mortality burdens under the two scenarios. By mid-century, the average temperature in Kuwait is predicted to increase by 1.80 °C (SSP2-4.5) to 2.57 °C (SSP5-8.5), compared to a 2000–2009 baseline. By the end of the century, we could see an increase of up to 5.54 °C. In a moderate scenario, climate change would increase heat-related mortality by 5.1% (95% empirical confidence intervals: 0.8, 9.3) by end-century, whereas an extreme scenario increases heat-related mortality by 11.7% (2.7, 19.0). Heat-related mortality for non-Kuwaiti migrant workers could increase by 15.1% (4.6, 22.8). For every 100 deaths in Kuwait, 13.6 (−3.6, 25.8) could be attributed to heat driven by climate change by the end of the century. Climate change induced warming, even under more optimistic mitigation scenarios, may markedly increase heat-related mortality in Kuwait. Those who are already vulnerable, like migrant workers, could borne a larger impact from climate change.
First-principle study of highly controllable boron-doped graphene (BC20) as a high-capacity anode for potassium-ion batteries
Authors: Wei Chuanming , Niu Xiaobin , Chen Haiyuan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Designing new anode materials with high performance is vital for the development of full-cell potassium-ion batteries (KIBs). Although boron-doped graphene (BDG) anodes have been widely studied for lithium- and sodium-ion batteries, there are few works considering BDG anodes with controllable doping concentration applied for KIBS. Herein, by first-principle calculations, we propose a novel BDG with controllable doping concentration as a promising anode material for KIBs. As a result, the chemisorption ability of the proposed BDG (BC20) for K is greatly enhanced in comparison with the pristine graphene, since the B dopants introduce electron-deficiency. Besides, the diffusion energy barrier of K on the surface of BC20 is as low as 0.19 eV, indicating high-rate performance. Noticeably, the maximum K storage capacity is 854 mAh g−1 with a low open circuit voltage (OCV) of 0.29 V. Moreover, the chemical window of OCV is in a low range without large variation, which is favorable for providing a large operating voltage. The results suggest that the presented BC20 is not only a promising anode candidate for KIBs; but also opens an avenue for designing novel BDG structures with controllable doping concentration applied to energy storage.