bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid, and Acellular Pertussis Vaccination During Pregnancy: Impact on Infant Anti-Pertussis Antibody Concentrations by Maternal Pertussis Priming Series
Authors: Havers Fiona P , Skoff Tami H , Rench Marcia A , Epperson Monica , Rajam Gowrisankar , Schiffer Jarad , Hariri Susan , Swaim Laurie S , Baker Carol J , Healy C Mary 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines replaced whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines for the US childhood primary series in 1997. As women primed with aP vaccines enter childbearing age, protection of infants through tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination during pregnancy may be impacted.

Methods
Term infants born to women vaccinated with Tdap during pregnancy were included. Geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) of pertussis-specific immunoglobulin G antibodies (international units per milliliter) in cord blood of infants born to women born after 1997 (aP-primed) were compared with those born to women born before 1992 (wP-primed).

Results
253 and 506 infants born to aP- and wP-primed women, respectively, were included. Compared with wP-primed women, aP-primed women were younger, more likely to be Hispanic or non-Hispanic Black, and had lower-birthweight infants (P &lt; .01 for all). Antibodies against pertussis toxin (PT) and filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) were lower among infants born to aP-primed vs wP-primed women (PT, 17.3 vs 36.4; GMC ratio, .475; 95% confidence interval [CI], .408–.552 and FHA, 104.6 vs 121.4; GMC ratio, 0.861; 95% CI, .776–.958). No differences were observed for anti-fimbriae or anti-pertactin antibodies.

Conclusions
Transplacental anti-pertussis antibody concentrations in infants of women vaccinated with Tdap during pregnancy differed by type of childhood vaccine the women received. Notably, anti-PT antibody levels, considered most important in preventing severe infant disease, were lower in infants born to aP-primed vs wP-primed women. Maternal Tdap vaccination may confer less protection against pertussis in infants born to aP-primed vs those born to wP-primed women.
Prevention of Neisseria gonorrhoeae With Meningococcal B Vaccine: A Matched Cohort Study in Southern California
Authors: Bruxvoort Katia J , Lewnard Joseph A , Chen Lie H , Tseng Hung Fu , Chang Jennifer , Veltman Jennifer , Marrazzo Jeanne , Qian Lei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is acquiring increasing resistance to available oral antibiotics, and current screening and treatment approaches have not decreased gonorrhea incidence. Although a gonorrhea-specific vaccine does not exist, N. gonorrhoeae shares much of its genome with Neisseria meningitidis, notably critical antigenic determinants including outer membrane vesicles (OMV). Prior observational studies have suggested that OMV-based meningococcal serogroup B vaccines confer protection against gonorrhea.

Methods
We conducted a matched cohort study from 2016 to 2020 to examine the association of OMV-containing recombinant meningococcal serogroup B vaccine (4CMenB) with gonorrhea infection among teens and young adults at Kaiser Permanente Southern California. Recipients of 4CMenB were matched in a ratio of 1:4 to recipients of non–OMV-containing polysaccharide-conjugate vaccine targeting serotypes A, C, W, and Y (MenACWY) who had not received 4CMenB and were followed for incident gonorrhea. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to compare gonorrhea rates among recipients of 4CMenB vs MenACWY, adjusting for potential confounders. We conducted the same analysis with chlamydia as a negative control outcome.

Results
The study included 6641 recipients of 4CMenB matched to 26 471 recipients of MenACWY. During follow-up, gonorrhea incidence rates per 1000 person-years (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) were 2.0 (1.3–2.8) for recipients of 4CMenB and 5.2 (4.6–5.8) for recipients of MenACWY. In adjusted analyses, gonorrhea rates were 46% lower among recipients of 4CMenB vs MenACWY (hazard ratio [HR], 0.54; 95% CI, .34–.86), but chlamydia rates were similar between vaccine groups (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, .82–1.17).

Conclusions
These results suggest cross-protection of 4CMenB against gonorrhea, supporting the potential for vaccination strategies to prevent gonorrhea.
Laparoscopic total fundoplication is superior to medical treatment for reducing the cancer risk in Barrett’s esophagus: a long-term analysis
Authors: Szachnowicz S , Duarte A F , Nasi A , da Rocha J R M , Seguro F B , Bianchi E T , Tustumi F , de Moura E G H , Sallum R A A , Cecconello I 
Published: June 2022

Summary
The present study aims to compare the effectiveness of surgical and medical therapy in reducing the risk of cancer in Barrett’s esophagus in a long-term evaluation. A prospective cohort was designed that compared Barrett’s esophagus patients submitted to medical treatment with omeprazole or laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. The groups were compared using propensity score matching paired by Barrett’s esophagus length. A total of 398 patients met inclusion criteria. There were 207 patients in the omeprazole group (Group A) and 191 in the total fundoplication group (Group B). After applying the propensity score matching paired by Barrett’s esophagus length, the groups were 180 (Group A) and 190 (Group B). Median follow-up was 80 months. Group B was significantly superior for controlling GERD symptoms. Group B was more efficient than Group A in promoting Barrett’s esophagus regression or blocking its progression. Group B was more efficient than Group A in preventing the development of dysplasia and cancer. Logistic regression was performed for the outcomes of adenocarcinoma and dysplasia. Age and body mass index were used as covariates in the logistic regression models. Even after regression analysis, Group B was still superior to Group A to prevent esophageal adenocarcinoma or dysplasia transformation (odds ratio [OR]: 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27–0.97, for adenocarcinoma or any dysplasia; and OR: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.08–0.81, for adenocarcinoma or high-grade dysplasia). Surgical treatment is superior to medical management, allowing for better symptom control, less need for reflux medication use, higher regression rate of the columnar epithelium and intestinal metaplasia, and lower risk for progression to dysplasia and cancer.
Safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors in esophageal cancer: real-world multicenter retrospective study in China
Authors: Yang Yang , Tan Lijie , Hu Jian , Li Yin , Mao Yousheng , Tian Ziqiang , Zhang Baihua , Ma Jianqun , Li Hecheng , Chen Chun , Chen Keneng , Han Yongtao , Chen Longqi , Liu Junfeng , Yu Bentong , Yu Zhentao , Li Zhigang ,   the Esophageal Cancer Committee of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association
Published: June 2022

Summary
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown a powerful benefit in the neoadjuvant therapy for esophageal cancer, but evidence for its safety and efficacy is limited and may not reflect real-world practice. We retrospectively reviewed the database of treatment-naive patients from 15 esophageal cancer centers in China who received ICIs as neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced esophageal cancer from May 2019 to December 2020. The primary endpoints were rate and severity of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) and immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Secondary endpoints included pathologically complete response (pCR) rate, R0 resection rate, mortality and morbidity. Among the 370 patients, 311 (84.1%) were male with a median age of 63 (range: 30–81) years and stage III or IVa disease accounted for 84.1% of these patients. A total of 299 (80.8%) patients were treated with ICIs and chemotherapy. TRAEs were observed in 199 (53.8%) patients with low severity (grade 1-2, 39.2%; grade 3-4, 13.2%; grade 5, 1.4%), and irAEs occurred in 24.3% of patients and were mostly of grade 1-2 severity (21.1%). A total of 341 (92.2%) patients had received surgery and R0 resection was achieved in 333 (97.7%) patients. The local pCR rate in primary tumor was 34.6%, including 25.8% of ypT0N0 and 8.8% of ypT0N+. The rate of postoperative complications was 41.4% and grade 3 or higher complications occurred in 35 (10.3%) patients. No death was observed within 30 days after surgery, and three patients (0.9%) died within 90 days postoperatively. This study shows acceptable toxicity of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer in real-world data. Long-term survival results are pending for further investigations.
Double machine learning-based programme evaluation under unconfoundedness
Authors: Knaus Michael C 
Published: June 2022

Summary
This paper reviews, applies, and extends recently proposed methods based on double machine learning (DML) with a focus on programme evaluation under unconfoundedness. DML-based methods leverage flexible prediction models to adjust for confounding variables in the estimation of (a) standard average effects, (b) different forms of heterogeneous effects, and (c) optimal treatment assignment rules. An evaluation of multiple programmes of the Swiss Active Labour Market Policy illustrates how DML-based methods enable a comprehensive programme evaluation. Motivated by extreme individualised treatment effect estimates of the DR-learner, we propose the normalised DR-learner (NDR-learner) to address this issue. The NDR-learner acknowledges that individualised effect estimates can be stabilised by an individualised normalisation of inverse probability weights.
The impact of prenatal and early-life arsenic exposure on epigenetic age acceleration among adults in Northern Chile
Authors: Bozack Anne K , Boileau Philippe , Hubbard Alan E , Sillé Fenna C M , Ferreccio Catterina , Steinmaus Craig M , Smith Martyn T , Cardenas Andres 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Exposure to arsenic affects millions of people globally. Changes in the epigenome may be involved in pathways linking arsenic to health or serve as biomarkers of exposure. This study investigated associations between prenatal and early-life arsenic exposure and epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) in adults, a biomarker of morbidity and mortality. DNA methylation was measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and buccal cells from 40 adults (median age = 49 years) in Chile with and without high prenatal and early-life arsenic exposure. EAA was calculated using the Horvath, Hannum, PhenoAge, skin and blood, GrimAge, and DNA methylation telomere length clocks. We evaluated associations between arsenic exposure and EAA using robust linear models. Participants classified as with and without arsenic exposure had a median drinking water arsenic concentration at birth of 555 and 2 μg/l, respectively. In PBMCs, adjusting for sex and smoking, exposure was associated with a 6-year PhenoAge acceleration [B (95% CI) = 6.01 (2.60, 9.42)]. After adjusting for cell-type composition, we found positive associations with Hannum EAA [B (95% CI) = 3.11 (0.13, 6.10)], skin and blood EAA [B (95% CI) = 1.77 (0.51, 3.03)], and extrinsic EAA [B (95% CI) = 4.90 (1.22, 8.57)]. The association with PhenoAge acceleration in buccal cells was positive but not statistically significant [B (95% CI) = 4.88 (−1.60, 11.36)]. Arsenic exposure limited to early-life stages may be associated with biological aging in adulthood. Future research may provide information on how EAA programmed in early life is related to health.
Thymectomy for treatment of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis
Authors: Palleiko Benjamin A , Salamatbad Gidon , Bludevich Bryce M , Maxfield Mark W 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this case report, we present a 25-year-old woman who was diagnosed with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis and subsequently was found to have thymic hyperplasia. She underwent robotic bilateral access thymectomy for treatment of her anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and has remained asymptomatic after her operation without any medication. This is only the second reported case of thymectomy for treatment of this condition. This case may further suggest thymic tissue is involved in the development of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and that thymectomy is an appropriate treatment for a subset of patients with this disease.
Successful repair of an outflow graft twisting of Heartmate II left ventricular assist device: a case report
Authors: Berger Rafal , Radwan Medhat , Werner Sebastian , Schlensak Christian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
An outflow graft obstruction impairing the blood flow is a complication of a left ventricular assist device therapy due to thrombosis as the most common cause. We describe a rare case of a patient who presented with a new low-flow alarm after 7 years of uneventful left ventricular assist device support with Heartmate II device. Computed tomography and surgical exploration revealed an obstruction caused by a twist of the outflow graft. A successful surgical repair without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass could be performed and resulted in immediate relief of symptoms.
Thermal sensitivity and seasonal change in the gut microbiome of a desert ant, Cephalotes rohweri
Authors: McMunn Marshall S , Hudson Asher I , Zemenick Ash T , Egerer Monika , Bennett Lucas , Philpott Stacy M , Vannette Rachel L 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Microorganisms within ectotherms must withstand the variable body temperatures of their hosts. Shifts in host body temperature resulting from climate change have the potential to shape ectotherm microbiome composition. Microbiome compositional changes occurring in response to temperature in nature have not been frequently examined, restricting our ability to predict microbe-mediated ectotherm responses to climate change. In a set of field-based observations, we characterized gut bacterial communities and thermal exposure across a population of desert arboreal ants (Cephalotes rohweri). In a paired growth chamber experiment, we exposed ant colonies to variable temperature regimes differing by 5°C for three months. We found that the abundance and composition of ant-associated bacteria were sensitive to elevated temperatures in both field and laboratory experiments. We observed a subset of taxa that responded similarly to temperature in the experimental and observational study, suggesting a role of seasonal temperature and local temperature differences amongst nests in shaping microbiomes within the ant population. Bacterial mutualists in the genus Cephaloticoccus (Opitutales: Opitutaceae) were especially sensitive to change in temperature—decreasing in abundance in naturally warm summer nests and warm growth chambers. We also report the discovery of a member of the Candidate Phlya Radiation (Phylum: Gracilibacteria), a suspected epibiont, found in low abundance within the guts of this ant species.
Desulfolunaspp. form a cosmopolitan group of anaerobic dehalogenating bacteria widely distributed in marine sponges
Authors: Horna-Gray Isabel , Lopez Nora A , Ahn Youngbeom , Saks Brandon , Girer Nathaniel , Hentschel Ute , McCarthy Peter J , Kerkhof Lee J , Häggblom Max M 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHost-specific microbial communities thrive within sponge tissues and this association between sponge and associated microbiota may be driven by the organohalogen chemistry of the sponge animal. Several sponge species produce diverse organobromine secondary metabolites (e.g. brominated phenolics, indoles, and pyrroles) that may function as a chemical defense against microbial fouling, infection or predation. In this study, anaerobic cultures prepared from marine sponges were amended with 2,6-dibromophenol as the electron acceptor and short chain organic acids as electron donors. We observed reductive dehalogenation from diverse sponge species collected at disparate temperate and tropical waters suggesting that biogenic organohalides appear to enrich for populations of dehalogenating microorganisms in the sponge animal. Further enrichment by successive transfers with 2,6-dibromophenol as the sole electron acceptor demonstrated the presence of dehalogenating bacteria in over 20 sponge species collected from temperate and tropical ecoregions in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and the Mediterranean Sea. The enriched dehalogenating strains were closely related to Desulfoluna spongiiphila and Desulfoluna butyratoxydans, suggesting a cosmopolitan association between Desulfoluna spp. and various marine sponges. In vivo reductive dehalogenation in intact sponges was also demonstrated. Organobromide-rich sponges may thus provide a specialized habitat for organohalide-respiring microbes and D. spongiiphila and/or its close relatives are responsible for reductive dehalogenation in geographically widely distributed sponge species.
Clay chips and beads capture in situ barley root microbiota and facilitate in vitro long-term preservation of microbial strains
Authors: Abdelfadil Mohamed R , Taha Manar H , El-Hadidi Mohamed , Hamza Mervat A , Youssef Hanan H , Khalil Mohab , Henawy Ahmed R , Nemr Rahma A , Elsawey Hend , Tchuisseu Tchakounte Gylaine Vanissa , Abbas Mohamed , Youssef Gehan H , Witzel Katja , Shawky Mohamed Essam , Fayez Mohamed , Kolb Steffen , Hegazi Nabil A , Ruppel Silke 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Capturing the diverse microbiota from healthy and/or stress resilient plants for further preservation and transfer to unproductive and pathogen overloaded soils, might be a tool to restore disturbed plant–microbe interactions. Here, we introduce Aswan Pink Clay as a low-cost technology for capturing and storing the living root microbiota. Clay chips were incorporated into the growth milieu of barley plants and developed under gnotobiotic conditions, to capture and host the rhizospheric microbiota. Afterward, it was tested by both a culture-independent (16S rRNA gene metabarcoding) and -dependent approach. Both methods revealed no significant differences between roots and adjacent clay chips in regard total abundance and structure of the present microbiota. Clay shaped as beads adequately supported the long-term preservation of viable pure isolates of typical rhizospheric microbes, i.e. Bacillus circulans, Klebsiella oxytoca, Sinorhizobium meliloti, and Saccharomyces sp., up to 11 months stored at −20°C, 4°C, and ambient temperature. The used clay chips and beads have the capacity to capture the root microbiota and to long-term preserve pure isolates. Hence, the developed approach is qualified to build on it a comprehensive strategy to transfer and store complex and living environmental microbiota of rhizosphere toward biotechnological application in sustainable plant production and environmental rehabilitation.
Trans-kingdom interactions in mixed biofilm communities
Authors: Sadiq Faizan Ahmed , Hansen Mads Frederik , Burmølle Mette , Heyndrickx Marc , Flint Steve , Lu Wenwei , Chen Wei , Zhang Hao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The microbial world represents a phenomenal diversity of microorganisms from different kingdoms of life, which occupy an impressive set of ecological niches. Most, if not all, microorganisms once colonize a surface develop architecturally complex surface-adhered communities, which we refer to as biofilms. They are embedded in polymeric structural scaffolds and serve as a dynamic milieu for intercellular communication through physical and chemical signalling. Deciphering microbial ecology of biofilms in various natural or engineered settings has revealed coexistence of microorganisms from all domains of life, including Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. The coexistence of these dynamic microbes is not arbitrary, as a highly coordinated architectural setup and physiological complexity show ecological interdependence and myriads of underlying interactions. In this review, we describe how species from different kingdoms interact in biofilms and discuss the functional consequences of such interactions. We highlight metabolic advances of collaboration among species from different kingdoms, and advocate that these interactions are of great importance and need to be addressed in future research. Since trans-kingdom biofilms impact diverse contexts, ranging from complicated infections to efficient growth of plants, future knowledge within this field will be beneficial for medical microbiology, biotechnology, and our general understanding of microbial life in nature.
Prisoners of the World Unite: The Internationalism of the 2 June Movement from Berlin Moabit Prison
Authors: Corke Catriona 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
When, in February 1975, the 2 June Movement kidnapped Peter Lorenz, the CDU candidate for mayor of West Berlin, it framed the act in terms of global solidarity. Lorenz was held in a ‘people’s prison’ (Volksgefängnis) on account of his symbolic responsibility for injustices taking place not only in West Berlin but also across the world, including Pinochet’s Chile and the Israel-Palestine conflict. Once in pretrial detention for the kidnapping, members of the group in Moabit prison continued to draw on this internationalist rhetoric, albeit as a means of connecting their own struggles in prison with those of liberation movements abroad. This article explores why this group—associated far more with local West Berlin initiatives than the Red Army Faction ever was—nevertheless deployed globalized rhetoric. It provides a new perspective on the 2 June Movement through targeted analysis of its written sources, which were central to how the group’s actions were perceived by outsiders. Clearly inflected by Marcuse’s theory of marginalized groups, the 2 June Movement narrated the ‘imprisonment’ of Peter Lorenz and its own prison experiences in later years in similar terms. In both cases, local experiences and actions on the ground in West Berlin were envisaged as having the potential to counter injustices taking place abroad. While there were limitations to this world-view, the 2 June Movement is representative of a form of revolutionary optimism capable of connecting the global with the local which was specific to West Berlin’s unique geohistorical circumstances.
The Association Between the Kyphosis Angle and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Koelé Marije C , Willems Hanna C , Harmsen Iris M , Swart Karin M A , van Dijk Suzanne C , Lips Paul , de Groot Lisette C P G M , van der Cammen Tischa J M , Zillikens M Carola , van Schoor Natasja M , van der Velde Nathalie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
We investigated prospectively among community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older whether a larger kyphosis angle is associated with poorer physical performance (balance, muscle strength, or both), and whether this association is unidirectional.

Methods
Male and female participants performed a multicomponent physical performance test with subscores for gait, muscle strength, and balance at baseline and after 2 years. Hand grip strength was also measured at baseline and at follow-up. The Cobb angle was measured on DXA-based Vertebral Fracture Assessments, made at the baseline and follow-up visit. Through linear and logistic regression analysis, we investigated the association between the kyphosis angle and physical performance and vice versa. We stratified for sex, and tested for effect modification by age and study center.

Results
The mean kyphosis angle was 37° and 15% of the participants (n = 1 220, mean age 72.9 ± 5.7 years) had hyperkyphosis (Cobb angle ≥50°). A larger kyphosis angle at baseline was independently associated with a poorer total physical performance score in women of the oldest quartile (≥77 years) in both the cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses (baseline B −0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.56–0.08; follow-up B 0.32, 95% CI −0.55–0.10). There was no association between physical performance at baseline and kyphosis progression.

Conclusion
A larger kyphosis angle is independently associated with a poorer physical performance at baseline and over time, and the direction of this association is unidirectional. These results emphasize the importance of early detection and treatment of hyperkyphosis to prevent further worsening of the kyphosis angle, thereby potentially preserving physical performance.