bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Where does research design fall short? Mental health related‐stigma as example
Authors: Walsh Daniel , Foster Juliet 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEfforts to challenge mental health‐related stigma have been limited by an insufficient conceptualization of the problem space. As is common in health communication, practitioners have neglected the multiple tacit understandings the public embody in everyday life. Using the example of our recent research into the public’s social representations of mental health and illness, in this paper, we will work through the theoretical‐methodological considerations involved in how we approached expanding the problem space. Using social theory, we tailored thematic analysis and natural language processing techniques to examine the public’s polyphasic sense‐making processes. The approach is novel, as it diverges from standard methods in understanding health communication and the possibilities for behaviour change. Instead, we root our approach in a dynamic and relational epistemology to iteratively reveal in greater complexity some of the contents and processes that sustain mental health‐related stigma.
Safety and antibody response to inactivated COVID‐19 vaccine in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: He Taiyu , Zhou Yingzhi , Xu Pan , Ling Ning , Chen Min , Huang Tianquan , Zhang Biqiong , Yang Ziqiao , Ao Ling , Li Hu , Chen Zhiwei , Zhang Dazhi , Shi Xiaofeng , Lei Yu , Wang Zhiyi , Zeng Weiqun , Hu Peng , Lan Yinghua , Zhou Zhi , Kang Juan , Huang Ying , Shi Tongdong , Pan Qingbo , Zhu Qian , Ran Xiping , Zhang Yingzhi , Song Rui , Xiang Dejuan , Xiao Shuang , Zhang Gaoli , Shen Wei , Peng Mingli , Cai Dachuan , Ren Hong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsThe safety and antibody responses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccination in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection is still unclear, and exploration in safety and antibody responses of COVID‐19 vaccination in CHB patients is significant in clinical practice.Methods362 adult CHB patients and 87 healthy controls at an interval of at least 21 days after a full‐course vaccination (21–105 days) were enrolled. Adverse events (AEs) were collected by questionnaire. The antibody profiles at 1, 2 and 3 months were elucidated by determination of anti‐spike IgG, anti‐receptor‐binding domain (RBD) IgG, and RBD‐angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 blocking antibody. SARS‐CoV‐2 specific B cells were also analysed.ResultsAll AEs were mild and self‐limiting, and the incidence was similar between CHB patients and controls. Seropositivity rates of three antibodies were similar between CHB patients and healthy controls at 1, 2 and 3 months, but CHB patients had lower titers of three antibodies at 1 month. Compared to healthy controls, HBeAg‐positive CHB patients had higher titers of three antibodies at 3 months (all P < .05) and a slower decline in antibody titers. Frequency of RBD‐specific B cells was positively correlated with titers of anti‐RBD IgG (OR = 1.067, P = .004), while liver cirrhosis, antiviral treatment, levels of HBV DNA, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TB) were not correlated with titers of anti‐RBD IgG.ConclusionsInactivated COVID‐19 vaccines were well tolerated, and induced effective antibody response against SARS‐CoV‐2 in CHB patients.
Referrals from community optometrists in England and their replies: A mixed methods study
Authors: Harvey Krystynne , Edgar David F , Agarwal Rishi , Benwell Martin J , Evans Bruce JW 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeCommunity optometrists, through routine eye examinations, identify patients with disease or ocular abnormalities requiring referral to the Hospital Eye Service. In many cases no reply to the referral letter is received, resulting in some patients being re‐referred unnecessarily, potentially increasing the number of other patients who lose sight whilst on hospital waiting lists. This study investigated, qualitatively and quantitatively, factors influencing optometric referrals and replies.MethodsThe three‐phase, sequential mixed methods study started with a literature review and qualitative phase, interviewing stakeholders to identify issues for exploration in subsequent phases. The second, quantitative phase, undertook documentary analysis of 349 patient referral records from three optometric practice modalities (domiciliary, independently owned, and corporate chain) in England. A final qualitative phase obtained views from stakeholders to explore unexplained findings from the first two phases.ResultsPhase 1 identified communication, financial, professional and technological issues for further exploration. In Phase 2, the referral rate was 22.2% for domiciliary provider, 2.1% for independent practice and 2.5% for the corporate chain, with the variation most likely explained by patient age and associated ophthalmic disease, illness and disability. The referral reply rate was 5.7% for domiciliary provider, 25.0% for independent practice and 4.9% for the corporate chain. The community optometrist remained unaware of the outcome of their referral in 72.8% of cases. Qualitative analyses indicate the main factors influencing referral reply rates are technology, the General Medical Practitioner, community optometrists’ utility to and utility of the National Health Service and patient mobilisation.ConclusionsThe low referral reply rate creates a break in the feedback loop required to raise the standard of referrals and avoid unnecessary re‐referral. Of the factors identified that influence referral reply rates, technology is key in view of the increasing use of online referral platforms. Feedback to the referring optometrist should be embedded in such systems.
Reasons for participation in a child development study: Are cases with developmental diagnoses different from controls?
Authors: Bradley Chyrise B. , Tapia Amanda L. , DiGuiseppi Carolyn G. , Kepner Marti W. , Kloetzer Joy M. , Schieve Laura A. , Wiggins Lisa D. , Windham Gayle C. , Daniels Julie L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundCurrent knowledge about parental reasons for allowing child participation in research comes mainly from clinical trials. Fewer data exist on parents’ motivations to enrol children in observational studies.ObjectivesDescribe reasons parents of preschoolers gave for participating in the Study to Explore Early Development (SEED), a US multi‐site study of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other developmental delays or disorders (DD), and explore reasons given by child diagnostic and behavioural characteristics at enrolment.MethodsWe included families of children, age 2–5 years, participating in SEED (n = 5696) during 2007–2016. We assigned children to groups based on characteristics at enrolment: previously diagnosed ASD; suspected ASD; non‐ASD DD; and population controls (POP). During a study interview, we asked parents their reasons for participating. Two coders independently coded responses and resolved discrepancies via consensus. We fit binary mixed‐effects models to evaluate associations of each reason with group and demographics, using POP as reference.ResultsParticipants gave 1–5 reasons for participation (mean = 1.7, SD = 0.7). Altruism (48.3%), ASD research interest (47.4%) and perceived personal benefit (26.9%) were most common. Two novel reasons were knowing someone outside the household with the study conditions (peripheral relationship; 14.1%) and desire to contribute to a specified result (1.4%). Odds of reporting interest in ASD research were higher among diagnosed ASD participants (odds ratio [OR] 2.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.49–3.35). Perceived personal benefit had higher odds among diagnosed (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.61–2.29) or suspected ASD (OR 3.67, 95% CI 2.99–4.50) and non‐ASD DD (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.50–2.16) participants. Peripheral relationship with ASD/DD had lower odds among all case groups.ConclusionsWe identified meaningful differences between groups in parent‐reported reasons for participation. Differences demonstrate an opportunity for future studies to tailor recruitment materials and increase the perceived benefit for specific prospective participants.
A long transcript mutant of the rubisco activase gene RCA upregulated by the transcription factor Ghd2 enhances drought tolerance in rice
Authors: Fan Xiaowei , Liu Juhong , Zhang Zhanyi , Xi Yanli , Li Shuangle , Xiong Lizhong , Xing Yongzhong 
Published: February 2022

SUMMARYThe transcription factor Ghd2 increases rice yield potential under normal conditions and accelerates leaf senescence under drought stress. However, its mechanism on the regulation of leaf senescence under drought stress remains unclear. In the present study, to unveil the mechanism, one target of Ghd2, the Rubisco activase gene RCA, was identified through the combined analysis of Ghd2‐CRISPR transcriptome data and Ghd2‐overexpression microarray data. Ghd2 binds to the ‘CACA’ motif in the RCA promoter by its CCT domain and upregulates RCA expression. RCA has alternative transcripts, RCAS and RCAL, which are predominantly expressed under normal conditions and drought stress, respectively. Similar to Ghd2‐overexpressing plants, RCAL‐overexpressing plants were more sensitive to drought stress than the wild‐type. However, the plants overexpressing RCAS showed a weak drought‐sensitive phenotype. Moreover, RCAL knockdown and knockout plants did not show yield loss under normal conditions, but exhibited enhanced drought tolerance and delayed leaf senescence. The chlorophyll content, the free amino acid content and the expression of senescence‐related genes in the RCAL mutant were lower than those in the wild‐type plants under drought stress. In summary, Ghd2 induces leaf senescence by upregulating RCAL expression under drought stress, and the RCAL mutant has important values in breeding drought‐tolerant varieties.
Effects on Film Cooling Performance in the Showerhead From Geometric Parameterization of Shaped Hole Designs
Authors: Moore Jacob D. , Easterby Christopher C. , Bogard David G. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The high heat loads at the leading-edge regions of turbine vanes and blades necessitate the most robust thermal protection, typically accomplished via a dense array of film cooling holes, nicknamed the “showerhead.” Although research has shown that film cooling using shaped holes provides more reliable thermal protection than that using cylindrical holes, the effects on cooling performance from varying the geometric details of the shaped hole design are not well characterized. In this study, adiabatic effectiveness and off-the-wall thermal field measurements were conducted for two shaped hole geometries designed as successors to a baseline hole geometry presented in a previous study. One geometry with a 40% increase in area ratio exhibited only a marginal improvement in adiabatic effectiveness (∼10%). A second design with a 12 deg forward and lateral expansion angle with a breakout area 40% larger performed marginally worse than its matched area ratio counterpart (∼15% lower), suggesting a negative sensitivity to breakout area. Such changes in performance for different shaped hole designs were small compared to the boost in performance gained by switching from a cylindrical hole to a shaped hole, which suggests cooling performance is insensitive to specific shaped hole details provided the exterior coolant flow is well-attached.
A Low-Cost Three-Axis Force Sensor for Wearable Gait Analysis Systems
Authors: Rahman Md Shafiqur , Hejrati Babak 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the design, analysis, and fabrication of a capacitive-based three-axis force sensor as the building block of a wearable sensing system to directly measure all the components of three-dimensional (3D) ground reaction forces (GRFs) during walking. The proposed sensor is low-cost and easy to fabricate with high accuracy, which promotes its accessibility and usability for gait analysis in clinical and research settings. The sensor is comprised of three parallel capacitors that enable three-axial force measurement while significantly reducing the complexity of fabrication and maintenance associated with three-axis force sensors. Comprehensive experiments were conducted to rigorously quantify different aspects of the sensor's performance. The static and dynamic errors along the three axes were less than 2.28%, which is well within the acceptable range for the intended application. The force sensor could decouple three-axial forces with a cross-sensitivity of less than 2%. The developed sensor also demonstrated desirable repeatability and hysteresis behaviors with almost no drift over long periods of usage.
Modeling of Industrial Robot Kinematics Using a Hybrid Analytical and Statistical Approach
Authors: Nguyen Vinh , Marvel Jeremy A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Industrial robots are highly desirable in applications including manufacturing and surgery. However, errors in the modeling of the kinematics of robotic arms limit their positional accuracy in industrial applications. Specifically, analytical kinematic models of the robot arm suffer from errors in coefficient calibrations and the inability to account for effects including gear backlash. However, statistical modeling methods require an extensive amount of points for calibration, which is infeasible in practical industrial environments. Hence, this paper describes, develops, and experimentally validates a hybrid modeling methodology combining both analytical and statistical methods to describe the robot kinematics in an intuitive manner that is easily adaptable for small- and medium-sized industries. By formulating an explicitly described analytical kinematic model as a prior mean distribution of a Gaussian process, the prior distribution can be updated with experimental data using statistical Bayesian Inference, thus enabling more accurate description of the robot kinematics with fewer data points. The hybrid model is demonstrated to outperform an analytical model, a neural network model, and a Gaussian Process Regression model with no prior distribution in predicting both the forward and inverse kinematics of a UR5 and UR10 robot arm. Also, the error propagation of the inverse kinematic solutions is studied. In addition, the testing framework used in this work can be used as a standardized benchmark to evaluate alternative kinematic models.
An Improved Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Control for Standalone Hybrid Wind/Photovoltaic/Fuel Cell System Based on Energy Management of Battery/Hydrogen
Authors: Benadli Ridha , Khiari Brahim , Memni Mouad , Bjaoui Marwen , Sellami Anis 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a new robust super-twisting sliding mode control (STSMC) strategy for a standalone hybrid renewable energy system (HRES). A voltage source inverter (VSI) is used to connect these sources to alternative current (AC) loads at constant voltage and frequency. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is evaluated and tested under different scenarios of climate and load conditions, such as variations in wind speed, temperature, and irradiation, irregularity of the load power demand, unbalanced load, and nonlinear load. The performance of the STSMC controller is finally compared with the classical proportional-integral (PI) controller and with the first-order sliding mode controller (FOSMC) using a Matlab/Simulink environment. The simulation results show that the robustness and the stability of the whole system are widely improved using STSMC rather than other classical approaches.
Mental health and help seeking among trauma-exposed emergency service staff: a qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: Auth Niklas Maximilian , Booker Matthew James , Wild Jennifer , Riley Ruth 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesTo identify factors and contexts that may contribute to mental health and recovery from psychological difficulties for emergency service workers (ESWs) exposed to occupational trauma, and barriers and facilitators to help-seeking behaviour among trauma-exposed ESWs.BackgroundESWs are at greater risk of stressor-related psychopathology than the general population. Exposure to occupational stressors and trauma contribute to the observed rates of post-trauma psychopathology in this occupational group with implications for workforce sustainability. Types of organisational interventions offered to trauma-exposed ESWs are inconsistent across the UK, with uncertainty around how to engage staff.DesignFour databases (OVID MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and SCOPUS) were systematically searched from 1 January 1980 to March 2020, with citation tracking and reference chaining. A modified Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool and quality appraisal prompts were used to identify fatally flawed studies. Qualitative studies of trauma-exposure in front-line ESWs were included, and data were extracted using a customised extraction table. Included studies were analysed using thematic synthesis.ResultsA qualitative evidence synthesis was conducted with 24 qualitative studies meeting inclusion criteria, as defined by the PerSPEcTiF framework. Fourteen descriptive themes emerged from this review, categorised into two overarching constructs: (1) factors contributing to mental health (such as the need for downtime, peer support and reassurance) and (2) factors influencing help-seeking behaviour (such as stigma, the content/form/mandatory nature of interventions, and mental health literacy issues including emotional awareness and education).ConclusionESWs reported disconnect between the organisations’ cultural positioning on trauma-related mental health, the reality of undertaking the role and the perceived applicability and usefulness of trauma interventions. Following traumatic exposure, ESWs identify benefitting from recovery time and informal support from trusted colleagues. A culture which encourages help seeking and open dialogue around mental health may reduce stigma and improve recovery from mental ill health associated with trauma exposure.
Factors associated with modern contraceptive demands satisfied among currently married/in-union women of reproductive age in Ethiopia: a multilevel analysis of the 2016 Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Tsehay Chalie Tadie 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesRegardless of the local and international initiatives, excluding exempting services, demand satisfied for contraceptives remains low in Ethiopia. This circumstance is supposed to be attributed to different level factors; however, most were not well addressed in the previous studies. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the magnitude and individual, household and community-level factors associated with demand satisfied for modern contraceptive (DSFMC) methods among married/in-union women of reproductive age.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingA community-based study across the country.ParticipantsRandomly selected 9126 married/in-union women had participated using a structured questionnaire.OutcomeDSFMC methods among married/in-union women of reproductive age.ResultsDSFMC methods in Ethiopia was 39.5% (95% CI 38.5% to 40.5%). Women aged 35–49 years (adjusted OR (AOR): 0.43, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.58), Muslim religion (AOR: 0.58, 95% CI0.43 to 0.78), husband lived elsewhere (AOR: 0.42, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.60), joint decision making to use (AOR: 1.30, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.62), good knowledge (AOR: 1.57, 95% CI 1.32 to 1.86) and wealth status of poorer (AOR: 1.56, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.06), middle (AOR: 1.77, 95% CI 1.33 to 2.35), richer (AOR: 1.96, 95% CI 1.49 to 2.59), and richest (AOR: 1.49, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.08), pastoralist regions (AOR: 0.28, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.42), and agrarian regions (AOR: 1.72, 95% CI 1.21 to 2.44) and rural residency (AOR: 0.56, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.82) were factors significantly associated.ConclusionsWomen’s age, religion, the current living place of husbands and women’s knowledge were individual-level factors. Household wealth status and mutual decision making to use were household-level factors. Region and residency were households and community-level factors associated with DSFMCs. Increasing the accessibility of modern contraceptive methods to women in rural areas and pastoralist regions, those living separately, engaging religious leaders and men in the programme, would increase their satisfying demand.
Sexual health-seeking behaviour and associated factors in men with diabetes mellitus attending the northwest Amhara region hospitals, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mekonnen Eskedar Getie , Gonete Almaz Tefera , Takele Wubet Worku 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the sexual health-seeking behaviour and identify the associated factors in men with diabetes mellitus attending in the northwest Amhara region hospitals, Ethiopia.DesignHopital-based cross-sectional study.SettingThe study was conducted in the northwest Amhara region hospitals between 20 February and 30 April 2020.ParticipantsA total of 389 men with diabetes were approached using a systematic random sampling technique. A face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaire was used. The binary logistic regression was employed to identify factors contributing to sexual health-seeking behaviour. Odds Ratio with its corresponding 95% CI was used to measure the association. Factors with a p value ≤0.05 in multivariable logistic regression were deemed as significant factors.Outcome measuresParticipants were interviewed to respond whether they had sought sexual health service since they were notified to have diabetes mellitus.ResultsA quarter of men with diabetes (25%; 23.4%–27.6%) has sought sexual health service since they were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The odds of seeking sexual health service was reduced by 67% in participants who were not able to read and write (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=0.33; 0.1–0.87) and 71% in participants who have attended primary/secondary education (AOR=0.29; 0.1–0.67) than those who have a diploma and above. Experiencing sexual dysfunction was also significantly associated with an increased odds of seeking sexual health service (AOR=7.1; 2.1–23).ConclusionsThe study remarks that just one-fourth of men with diabetes had sought sexual health services. Participants with lower educational status are less likely to seek sexual health services. Patients who have experienced sexual dysfunction sought the service well compared with their counterparts. Therefore, special emphasis should be given to men with lower educational status. Similarly, counselling patients to seek sexual health service before experiencing sexual dysfunction would help to improve sexual health-seeking behaviour.