bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-effectiveness of outpatient versus inpatient non-invasive ventilation setup in obesity hypoventilation syndrome: the OPIP trial
Authors: Murphy Patrick Brian , Patout Maxime , Arbane Gill , Mandal Swapna , Kaltsakas Georgios , Polkey Michael I , Elliott Mark , Muir Jean-François , Douiri Abdel , Parkin David , Janssens Jean-Paul , Pépin Jean Louis , Cuvelier Antoine , Flach Clare , Hart Nicholas 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundCurrent guidelines recommend that patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) are electively admitted for inpatient initiation of home non-invasive ventilation (NIV). We hypothesised that outpatient NIV setup would be more cost-effective.MethodsPatients with stable OHS referred to six participating European centres for home NIV setup were recruited to an open-labelled clinical trial. Patients were randomised via web-based system using stratification to inpatient setup, with standard fixed level NIV and titrated during an attended overnight respiratory study or outpatient setup using an autotitrating NIV device and a set protocol, including home oximetry. The primary outcome was cost-effectiveness at 3 months with daytime carbon dioxide (PaCO2) as a non-inferiority safety outcome; non-inferiority margin 0.5 kPa. Data were analysed on an intention-to-treat basis. Health-related quality of life (HRQL) was measured using EQ-5D-5L (5 level EQ-5D tool) and costs were converted using purchasing power parities to £(GBP).ResultsBetween May 2015 and March 2018, 82 patients were randomised. Age 59±14 years, body mass index 47±10 kg/m2and PaCO26.8±0.6 kPa. Safety analysis demonstrated no difference in ∆PaCO2(difference −0.27 kPa, 95% CI −0.70 to 0.17 kPa). Efficacy analysis showed similar total per-patient costs (inpatient £2962±£580, outpatient £3169±£525; difference £188.20, 95% CI −£61.61 to £438.01) and similar improvement in HRQL (EQ-5D-5L difference −0.006, 95% CI −0.05 to 0.04). There were no differences in secondary outcomes.DiscussionThere was no difference in medium-term cost-effectiveness, with similar clinical effectiveness, between outpatient and inpatient NIV setup. The home NIV setup strategy can be led by local resource demand and patient and clinician preference.Trial registration numbersNCT02342899andISRCTN51420481.
Gauge symmetry of linearised Nordström gravity and the dual spin two field theory
Authors: Abakumova Victoria , Frolovsky Daniel , Herbig Hans-Christian , Lyakhovich Simon 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe field equations are proposed for the third rank tensor field with the hook Young diagram. The equations describe the irreducible spin two massless representation in any$$d\ge 3$$d≥3. The starting point of the construction is the linearised system of Einstein equations which includes the Nordström equation. This equation, being considered irrespectively to the rest of the Einstein system, corresponds to the topological field theory. The general solution is a pure gauge, modulo topological modes which we neglect in this article. We find the sequence of the reducible gauge transformations for the linearised Nordström equation, with the hook tensor being the initial gauge symmetry parameter. By substituting the general solution of the Nordström equation into the rest of the Einstein’s system, we arrive at the field equations for the hook tensor. The degree of freedom number count confirms, it is the spin two theory.
The Parameterized Complexity of Fixing Number and Vertex Individualization in Graphs
Authors: Arvind Vikraman , Fuhlbrueck Frank , Koebler Johannes , Kuhnert Sebastian , Rattan Gaurav 
Published: September 2022

In this paper we study the algorithmic complexity of the following problems:

(1)

Given a vertex-colored graph
X = (V,E,c)
, compute a minimum cardinality set of vertices
S⊆ V
such that no nontrivial automorphism of
X
fixes
all vertices in
S
. A closely related problem is computing a minimum base
S
for a permutation group
G ≤
Sym(
n
) given by generators, i.e., a minimum cardinality subset
S
⊆ [
n
] such that no nontrivial permutation in
G
fixes all elements of
S
. Our focus is mainly on the
parameterized complexity
of these problems. We show that when
k
=|
S
| is treated as parameter, then both problems are
MINI
[1]-hard. For the dual problems, where
k = n
– |
S
| is the parameter, we give
FPT
algorithms.

(2)
A notion related to fixing is individualization, which is a useful technique combined with the Weisfeiler-Leman procedure in algorithms for Graph Isomorphism. We explore the complexity of individualization: the problem of computing the minimum number of vertices we need to individualize in a given graph such that color refinement results in a graph with useful structural properties in the context of Graph Isomorphism and the Weisfeiler-Leman procedure.
Correlating Morphological and Structural Evolution with the Electrochemical Performance of Nickel-Rich Cathode Materials: From Polycrystal to Single Crystal
Authors: Xu Zhengwei , Wang Zhixing , Tan Xinxin , Guo Huajun , Peng Wenjie , Li Xinhai , Wang Jiexi , Yan Guochun 
Published: September 2022

Nickel-rich layered oxides (Ni ≥ 90%) have been recognized as a promising cathode material for Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to their high energy density and low cost. Herein, we prepared 20 LiNi0.90Co0.06Mn0.04O2 (Ni90) samples with various morphologies by regulating sintering temperature and the lithium to transition metal ratio. The correlation between the synthesis conditions, structural properties, and electrochemical performance of Ni90 materials was thoroughly investigated during the evolution from polycrystal to single crystal. A positive and linear relationship was found between sintering temperature and primary particle size (PPS), which affect the electrochemical performance profoundly. Polycrystals with small PPS show a high discharge capacity and low polarization, while single crystals with large PPS have low discharge capacity but excellent cycling stability. Moreover, the sluggish kinetic properties of Ni90 materials at the end of discharge (a sharp drop in lithium-ion diffusion coefficient at the end of discharge) lead the morphology factors to a critical feature that dominates the total discharge capacity. Taking discharge capacity and cycling stability into integrated consideration, the quasi-single crystal Ni90 materials with moderate PPS and the lowest cation disordering is the first choice. These findings contribute to a better understanding of polycrystalline and single-crystal Nickel-rich cathode materials for LIBs.
A Novel Design and Study of a Self-Complimentary Miniaturized Millimeter Wave Antenna for Body-Centric Networks
Authors: Alanazi Turki M. , Khan Mohammad Monirujjaman , Rahman H. M. Arifur , Shovon Md Nakib Alam 
Published: September 2022

A new self-complimentary compact antenna operating at 60 GHz within the millimeter wave frequency range has been presented in this paper. The design is intended for the wireless body-centric network (WBCN). The proposed compact design has a dimension of

4.5
×
6.03
×
1.59

mm3. The antenna was designed with multiple geometrical structures held upon a narrow feed line with a rectangular slot and parasitic elements to increase bandwidth. Free space simulations of the antenna produced optimistic results in terms of gain, radiation efficiency, and bandwidth; a maximum gain of 6.7 dB was achieved with an efficiency of 84.5%. Parametric studies were carried out to better understand its nature by modifying the key design aspects and comparing the outcomes. A 3D human torso phantom was virtually created with natural human body properties, and the on-body performance of the design was tested by placing the antenna in its near field. With some slight deviation from their peak performance, on-body simulations displayed better results in most of the cases. The antenna was positioned five different gaps from the torso for future investigations. The result of the distance-based study was amazingly good as the antenna performance was consistent throughout all distances. 10.77 GHz of bandwidth is found for the closest distance to the human torso, while the on-body radiation efficiency is also outstanding; the minimum radiation efficiency recorded is 73.78 when the antenna is just a couple of millimeters away. Overall, the comparison shows that the antenna worked best when it was placed only 2 mm apart from the body. Investigation indicates the antenna is a promising candidate for BCN applications because of its wider bandwidth and better on-body efficiency.
Why ARNT Prostate Tumors Responding to Enzalutamide?
Authors: Zhang Meng , Moreno-Rodriguez Thaidy , Quigley David A. 
Published: September 2022

Summary:
Prostate tumors can develop resistance to androgen receptor (AR)–targeted therapies through treatment-induced changes in transcription factor activity that promote transcriptional and morphologic features of a neuroendocrine lineage. This study identifies an unexpected role for the circadian protein ARNTL in resistance to enzalutamide, a second-generation AR-targeted therapy.
See related article by Linder et al., p. 2074 (4).
Association Between Medicare Program Type and Health Care Access, Acute Care Utilization, and Affordability Among Adults With Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Oseran Andrew S. , Sun Tianyu , Aggarwal Rahul , Kyalwazi Ashley , Yeh Robert W. , Wadhera Rishi K. 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Medicare Advantage plans now provide health insurance coverage to >24 million older adults in the United States, and enrollment is increasing among individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Whether Medicare Advantage enrollment is associated with similar health care access, acute care utilization, and financial strain for adults with CVD compared with traditional Medicare is unknown.

Methods:
We performed a cross-sectional study of Medicare beneficiaries 65 years or older with CVD using the 2019 National Health Interview Survey. We fit multivariable logistic regression models to examine the association of Medicare program type (Medicare Advantage versus traditional Medicare) with measures of health care access, acute care utilization, and affordability.

Results:

The weighted population included 11 013 437 Medicare beneficiaries, of whom 3 922 104 (35.6%) were enrolled in Medicare Advantage, and 7 091 334 (64.4%) were enrolled in traditional Medicare. Medicare Advantage and traditional Medicare enrollees were similar with respect to age, sex, racial/ethnic distribution, and household income; however, Medicare Advantage beneficiaries were more likely to live in an urban setting (82.7% versus 76.0%;
P
=0.01) and to be college educated (24.2% versus 19.0%;
P
=0.01). Medicare Advantage beneficiaries were more likely to have a usual source of care (93.5% versus 88.9%; OR, 1.99 [95% CI, 1.33–2.98)]; however, there were no other differences in health care access or utilization. Medicare Advantage beneficiaries were more likely to have problems paying medical bills (16.5% versus 11.6%; OR, 1.68 [1.17–2.40]) and to worry about paying medical bills (40.1% versus 33.8%; OR, 1.37 [1.07–1.76]) compared with those enrolled in traditional Medicare.

Conclusions:
Adults with CVD in Medicare Advantage were more likely to experience financial strain related to their medical bills compared with those in traditional Medicare. As enrollment in Medicare Advantage grows, policy efforts should focus on ensuring care is affordable for patients with CVD.
Primate Documentaries: A Critical Analysis of Their History
Authors: Riley Koenig Crystal M. , Koenig Bryan L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Primate nature documentaries have been popular with audiences since their inception in the early 1900s. Audiences trust primate documentaries, but scholars are concerned about how documentaries sometimes misrepresent primates. We provide an analysis of the history of primate documentaries, with a focus on how and why misrepresentation happens. We summarize why wildlife documentaries are important, and then we explain concerns over documentaries’ mischaracterization of nonhuman animals. Then, having viewed every available primate documentary (n = 210), we provide the first scholarly attempt to (a) provide a big-picture view by collating and describing the subgenres that can be used to characterize primate documentaries, and (b) describe the historical development of these subgenres, from early sensationalized films to modern large-budget productions. This history describes the chronological development of the diversity of primate documentary subgenres and explains the misrepresentation of primates as the result of filmmaker goals across that historical development.
Could Siberian ‘Natural Curiosities’ Be Replaced? Bioprospecting in the Eighteenth-Century
Authors: Romaniello Matthew P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on three unique products circulating in the eighteenth-century marketplace – castor, mammoth tusks, and asbestos – and highlights the role of naturalists working for the Royal Society in London and at the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg in promoting the consumption of these goods. Naturalists’ scientific investigations of these products were essential to distinguish and identify the quality (and, correspondingly, the ideal price) of Siberian commodities as compared to similar, or even equivalent, commodities from other regions. When these products were later discovered in the British colonies, the scientific debates between London and St. Petersburg only gained a new urgency, inspiring arguments about authenticity and efficaciousness.
Predictive Value of the Ankle-Brachial Index for All-Cause and Cardio-Cerebrovascular Mortality
Authors: Xu Chang , Tian Qi , Yu Hao , Ge Wei , Zheng Huifen , Huang Danqing 
Published: September 2022

The present study explored the relationship between the ankle-brachial index (ABI) (>.9) and all-cause or cardio-cerebrovascular mortality. Participant details were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2004. The association between baseline ABI and the risk of mortality was evaluated by a priori defined quartile categories and on a continuous scale (per .1-unit change) with Cox regression models adjusted for demographic and traditional risk factors. A total of 7087 individuals (age: 59.6 ± 12.8 years) were included; 3612 (51.0%) were male. After an average follow-up of 12.2 years, 1926 deaths occurred. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the lowest ABI quartile (<1.06) was associated with the highest risk of all-cause, cardio-cerebrovascular and cancer mortality (all P < .001). However, after adjusting for potential confounders, ABI ranging between 1.06 and 1.12 was associated with the lowest risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio .88, 95% confidence interval .78–1.00, P < .05) compared with the reference group (<1.06). Besides, splines showed the relationship was nonlinear ( P < .05) and the inflection point was 1.11. In conclusion, the level of ABI associated with the lowest risk of all-cause mortality was 1.11, under which a lower ABI was independently associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality.
The Effectiveness of Transactional Analysis Treatments and Their Predictors: A Systematic Literature Review and Explorative Meta-Analysis
Authors: Vos Joel , van Rijn Biljana 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: Despite many studies on transactional analysis (TA) psychotherapy, there are no comprehensive reviews or meta-analyses on its effectiveness. We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis on TA psychotherapeutic treatments to examine the extent of psychological and psychosocial change in pre-post studies, the effects compared with other treatments in randomized clinical trials, and factors explaining these effects and differences. Method: We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis according to Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiolog (MOOSE) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in Pubmed, Medline, PsycInfo, Web-of-Knowledge, and scholar.google.com . Results: Overall, 41 clinical trials of TA treatments had moderate to large effects on psychopathology (Hedges’s g = .66), social functioning ( g = .62), self-efficacy ( g = .80), ego-state functioning ( g = .69), well-being ( g = .33), and behavior ( g = .56). Compared with control conditions, TA had moderate to large effects on psychopathology ( g = .61), social functioning ( g = .69), self-efficacy ( g = .88), ego-states ( g = .70), well-being ( g = .85), and behavior ( g = .46). TA was more effective on most outcomes in individuals, groups, and families than in schools or prisons. Psychopathology changes were significantly predicted by improvements in ego-states, self-efficacy, social functioning, and client–practitioner relationship ( r² range = .27–.43). Treatments were more effective if they included systematic assessment, treatment stages, psycho-education, TA-unique techniques, and an experiential focus ( r² range = .03–.31). Conclusions: TA may be considered an effective treatment for many clients.
Efficacy of Topical Azelastine and Fluticasone Dipropionate Combination in Children With Adenoid Hypertrophy
Authors: Bilgili Ahmet Mert , Durmaz Hacı Ömer , Dilber Muhammed 
Published: September 2022

Objective Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is one of the common childhood diseases. Surgical and non-surgical treatment of AH in children is planned according to the severity of symptoms and associated complications. In recent years, treatment methods with intranasal sprays have been reported quite frequently in uncomplicated cases. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of a new combination of azelastine – fluticasone (AZE-FLU) (137mcg azelastine and 50mcg fluticasone) nasal spray in children with uncomplicated AH. Methods Sixty-five children diagnosed with AH were included in the study. The mean age of the children was 7.42 ± 2.26 (4–13 years). The cohort consisted of 29 males and 36 females. All children were evaluated clinically and endoscopically. AZE-FLU nasal spray was applied to both nostrils twice a day for three months. Adenoid/choana ratio and symptom scores were evaluated before treatment and at the end of the 12th week. Results At the end of 24 weeks of AZE-FLU application, there was a statistically significant decrease in both adenoid/choana ratio and symptom scores. While the initial adenoid/choana (A/C) score was 3.57 ± 0.58, it decreased to 1.74 ± 0.61 following treatment. A dramatic decrease in total symptom scores was observed. The total symptom score average was 15.63 ± 1.28 before treatment, while it was 2.31 ± 1.4 after the treatment with the difference being statistically significant ( P < .01). Conclusion In this study, the effectiveness of AZE-FLU nasal spray on AH was investigated for the first time. This treatment provides an effective alternative to the surgical approach in children with uncomplicated adenoid hypertrophy. Using this protocol, 96% of patients were removed from the surgery list. Level of Evidence is IV
The effect of motor imagery and action observation in the rehabilitation of lower limb injuries: A scoping review
Authors: Nanbancha Ampika , Mawhinney Chistopher , Sinsurin Komsak 
Published: September 2022

Objective To synthesize research literature, which has investigated the application of motor imagery and action observation in rehabilitation protocols. Specifically, we aimed to review the implementation of motor imagery and action observation in the rehabilitation of lower limb injuries. Methods This scoping review followed Arksey and O’Malley's framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension guidelines for scoping reviews checklist. The Medline (PubMed), Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched for controlled clinical trials published between 2010 and 2021 using key search terms. Primary articles were screened for inclusion based upon applying motor imagery and action observation as a rehabilitation protocol (independently or in combination) after sustaining an injury or undergoing surgery. Data were charted by extracting the exercise duration, frequency, and the number of weeks from the rehabilitative intervention protocols, and the measured clinical outcomes (pain, range of motion, muscle activity, and functional outcomes). Results The initial database search resulted in 1367 articles, with 1352 excluded after screening, resulting in a total of 15 articles eligible for inclusion in the review. Six of the included articles included an action observation intervention, eight studies a motor imagery intervention, and a single study included combined motor imagery and action observation approach. The motor imagery and action observation techniques were able to improve clinical outcomes, including daily activity, functional movement, rage of motion, pain, and muscle strength. Conclusion Motor imagery and action observation interventions may be effective to improve rehabilitative outcomes of lower limb injuries, thus its application should be considered alongside standard treatment protocols.
Regional Intergovernmental Organization Response to COVID-19: The Impact of Neoliberalism on Bureaucratic Autonomy
Authors: Baranes Avraham Izhar , Hazen Timothy 
Published: September 2022

COVID-19 is a transboundary crisis that crosses political boundaries and affects critical infrastructure. Given the ongoing nature of COVID-19, it is vital to recognize the factors that impact an organization’s ability to respond to crises. In this article, we use the concept of bureaucratic autonomy discussed by Bauer and Ege (2016) to examine the response of four regional intergovernmental organizations. We find here that neoliberalism as a dominating global ideology has transformed the autonomy of action dimension into autonomy of finance, with the focus on enabling private firms through adjusting incentive structures, rather than taking direct action. Organizations that lack this autonomy become the benefactors of other dominant neoliberal financing institutions, thus furthering the entrenchment of neoliberalism and neoliberal finance. JEL Classification: F53, F55, P16
Efficiency analysis and heating structure design of high power electromagnetic thermal energy storage system
Authors: Yin Xiaoju , Lu Shiyu , Wang Yuxin , Wang Dapeng 
Published: September 2022

Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, this paper proposes a new sleeve structure of electromagnetic induction heating energy storage system, which converts the electrical energy that cannot be consumed by wind power, solar power and other power grids into heat energy. The electromagnetic induction heating model of the eddy current field is established by Ansoft/Maxwell, and the magnetic induction intensity, current penetration depth and current frequency are analyzed. The three-dimensional fluid temperature field and its corresponding temperature characteristics of the system are analyzed by Ansys/Fluent. The temperature field cloud diagram of the sleeve is analyzed. It is concluded that with the increase of air thickness, the loss of the internal iron pipe increases, and the loss of the middle iron pipe decreases. The characteristic curve of the resonant circuit of the electromagnetic induction heating power supply is simulated and analyzed to determine the optimal parameters of the resonant circuit of the induction heating. A 100 kW electromagnetic energy storage system is developed, and the effectiveness and practicability of the method are verified, which can be applied to high power thermal energy storage.