bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cellular and non-cellular antioxidant properties of vitamin E loaded metallic- quercetin/polycaprolactone nanoparticles for the treatment of melanogenesis
Authors: Ramzan Nasreen , Hanif Muhammad , Mahmood Khalid , Shah Shahid , chughtai Fazal Rahman Sajid , Ameer Nabeela , Azeem Muhammad , Bashir Zakia , Siddique Farhan , Qaiser Muhammad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Inhibition of melanogenesis by quercetin and vitamin E are extensively reported in the literature, independently, with the limitations of their antioxidant potential owing to less permeation, slight solubility in water, decreased bioavailability and reduced stability. Aim of the present study was to enhance antioxidant properties of quercetin by the incorporation of zinc and copper that was proved by docking study, along with investigating the synergistic effect of vitamin E loaded nanoformulation. Optimized metallic complexes of quercetin was additionally used in graftingnovel transdermal absorbable nanoparticles of polycaprolactone with Vit. E (PCL-NPs, Q-PCL-NPs, Zn-Q-PCL-NPs, Cu-Q-PCL-NPs). Physiochemical analysis was used to characterize nanoparticles, polyphenol-metal-Vitamin E conjugation was strengthened by FTIR, zetasizer and PDI. Percentage release of vitamin E was 80 ± 0.54% in case of Cu-Q-PCL-NPs-E which may be due to increase in particle size even after 8h. Non-cellular antioxidant effect by DPPH was observed 93 ± 0.23% in Cu-Q-PCL-NPs-E which was double as compared to Zn-Q-PCL-NPs-E. Reactive oxidative spices (ROS) for cellular antioxidant properties on MCF-7 cell was observed 90 ± 0.32% with the addition of its anticancer behavior 89 ± 0.64% of Cu-Q-PCL-NPs-E after 6 and 24h. Interestingly, 80 ± 0.53% inhibition of melanocytes cells and 95 ± 0.54% increases of keratinocytes cells that proved the tyrosinase enzyme inhibition of Cu-Q-PCL-NPs-E with their 17 months shelf life. Conclusively, use of pure quercetin and its copper complex in simple and in vitamin E loaded nanoparticles, can provide better antioxidant properties with inhibition of melanin, which can be utilized in treatment of melanogenesis disease.
Warfarin dosing prediction algorithm assessments in Asian patients after aortic surgery
Authors: Peng Wenxing , Shi Xiujin , Zhang Yi , Zhang Yuwen , Han Jialun , Yan Jialing , Qiao Huanyu , Lin Yang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the accuracy and predictive performance of multiple linear regression algorithms, Gage algorithm and International Warfarin Pharmacogenetics Consortium (IWPC) algorithm, and Bayesian algorithm for the maintenance dose of warfarin in Asian patients after aortic surgery.
Methods:The predictive performance of Gage, IWPC and Bayesian algorithm were compared by calculating mean prediction error (MPE), mean squared error (MSE), root-mean-squared error (RMSE), and the percentage of patients whose predicted warfarin dose fell within 20% of the maintenance dose. Then the predictive performance of each algorithm was calculated separately in conventional dose group (dose of warfarin between 3mg and 3.75mg) and unconventional dose group (dose less than 3mg or more than 3.75mg).
Results: Among three algorithms, the Gage algorithm predicted the warfarin dose with the highest percentage within 20% (58.1%). Bayesian-priori (dose estimation before starting therapy) algorithm had the highest RMSE (1.45 mg/day) and the lowest percentage within 20% (40.9%). The algorithm of Gage method tended to perform better in the conventional dose group (percentage within 20%: 70.0%), and Bayesian-priori method performed better in the unconventional dose group (percentage within 20%: 38.5%). And as the number of international normalized ratio (INR) observations increases, the predictive performance of Bayesian-posteriori (dose estimation after initiating therapy) algorithm showed an increasing trend in both groups and a significantly higher advantage, especially in the unconventional dose group.
Conclusion: For Asian patients after aortic surgery, the Gage algorithm was appropriate for patients requiring conventional dose (2.25-3.75mg). Bayesian-posteriori algorithm might be more appropriate for patients requiring high dose or low dose (＜2.25mg or＞3.75mg).
The detection of goat milk adulteration with cow milk using a combination of voltammetric fingerprints and chemometrics analysis
Authors: Demiati Demiati , Wahyuni Wulan Tri , Rafi Mohamad , Putra Budi Riza 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this study, a novel analytical approach was developed for detecting and predicting adulteration of goat milk with cow milk using a combination of voltammetric fingerprints and chemometrics analysis. The fresh milk samples were obtained from local farmers and analyzed using cyclic voltammetry technique using a glassy carbon electrode as the working electrode and KClO4 as the supporting electrolyte. The voltammetric fingerprint was obtained from both milk samples and showed an anodic peak between a potential range of 0.40 to 0.75 V vs. Ag/AgCl. This anodic peak is mainly attributed to several electroactive species contained in both milk samples. The current intensities at the potential range of 0 V to + 1 V vs Ag/AgCl were further selected due to the majority of electroactive components in the milk samples having their oxidation potential in this potential range. The current intensities were further pre-treated using maximum normalization and submitted to the chemometric tools for multivariate analysis. Orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis provided clear discrimination between goat and cow milk. Meanwhile, the prediction of goat milk adulteration with cow milk was achieved using partial least squares regression analysis. These multivariate analysis enabled a satisfactory discrimination and successful model to predict the percentage of cow milk as adulterants in goat milk samples. The demonstrated results revealed that a combination of voltammetric fingerprints and chemometrics tools might offer a low-cost, simple, and rapid analysis which might be possible as a promising method to be developed further for the detection of adulterants.
The effect of congestion on the estimation of the rate of progress and regression of decision- making units in data envelopment analysis
Authors: Mirakhorli Atieh , Valami Hadi Bagherzadeh 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
DEA is a technique for measuring the efficiency and performance of decision-making units (DMUs) with multiple inputs and outputs. The term overload in the literature DEA refers to the overuse of the source, which reduces the output and thus the efficiency. This problem changes over time, and the progress and rate of decline of the units can be measured by these changes. In this paper, the Malmquist productivity index and congestion are used to measure the progress and regression of units over time. The proposed model can change the congestion changes in addition to calculating the efficiency and technology changes by changing the relative distances in the Mamquist productivity index. The criterion for congestion is the fraction \(({e}_{o}^{i}\)(j))/\({c}_{o\left(j\right)}^{i}\), and the lower it is, the lower the congestion to be evaluated, and if it is 1, there is no congestion. Thus, by applying this criterion to the structure of the Malmquist productivity index, two categories of distances, performances, and congestion are used in the calculation of progress and regression of unity.
Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study highlights the global, regional, and national trends of gout and its risk factor, 1990 to 2050
Authors: Wu Junyun , Lin Xiling , Zhang Tianyue , Ye Lingxia , Huang Xing , Shen Yuyan , Qiao Jie , Shan Pengfei , Shan Peng-Fei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background The long-term and future trends in gout burden have rarely been reported. We aimed to analyze the trends in gout-related burden from 1990 to 2019 and forecast the trends from 2020 to 2050.
Methods We extracted data on incidence cases, age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and age-standardized DALY rates, and calculated age-specific age-standardized rate (ASR). We also calculated the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) to quantify trends in gout-related incidence and DALYs. The ASIRs and age-standardized DALY rates were predicted to 2050 using the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. The 95% uncertainty interval (UI) were calculated for all the estimates.
Result Persistent increasing trends in gout-related ASIRs and the age-standardized DALY rates were observed from 1990 to 2019.The trends will remain increasing until in 2050. High BMI played a more vital role in causing gout in both younger and middle-aged group, while gout in older-aged was more often caused by the kidney disfunction. Moreover, group 65 and over years old were more susceptible to gout, and males were more likely to suffer from gout than females.
Conclusion Gout-related both the ASIRs and the age-standardized DALY rates are expected to increase in most regions by 2050.Thus, gout remains a worldwide public health challenge, especially in high SDI countries, where more attention and health project services are needed. Given the differences on burden of gout, future successful interventions should be based on country-, age- and sex-specific distributions so as to reduce the burden of gout.
Interference Recommendation for the Pump Sizing Process in Progressive Cavity Pumps using Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Starke Leandro , Hoppe Aurélio Faustino , Sartori Andreza , Stefenon Stefano Frizzo , Leithardt Valderi Reis Quietinho 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Pump sizing is the process of dimensional matching an impeller and stator to provide a satisfactory performance test result and good service life during the operation of progressive cavity pumps. In this process, historical data analysis and dimensional monitoring are done manually, consuming a large number of man-hours and requiring a deep knowledge of progressive cavity pump behavior. This paper proposes the use of graph neural networks in the construction of a prototype to recommend interference during the pump sizing process in a progressive cavity pump. For this, data from different expert applications were used in addition to individual control excel spreadsheets to build the database used in the prototype. From the pre-processed data, complex network techniques and the betweenness centrality metric were used to calculate the degree of importance of each order confirmation, as well as to calculate the dimensionality of the rotors. Using the proposed model a mean squared error of 0.28 was obtained for the cases where there were recommendations for order confirmations. Based on the results obtained, it was realized that there is a similarity with the dimensional defined by design engineers during the pump sizing process and this approach can be used to validate the project definitions.
Prescription Pattern Analysis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study in Isfahan, Iran
Authors: Ziad Elnaz , Malekpour Mohammad-Reza , Farzadfar Farshad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are at a higher risk of polypharmacy and more susceptible to irrational prescriptions; therefore, pharmacological therapy patterns are important to be monitored. The primary objective of this study was to highlight the current prescription patterns in TD2M patients and compare them with the existing standards of medical care in diabetes. The second objective was to analyze whether age and gender affect prescription patterns.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted using Iran Health Insurance Organization (IHIO) prescription database. It was mined by an Association Rule Mining (ARM) technique, named FP-Growth, in order to find co-prescribed drugs with anti-diabetic medications. The algorithm was implemented on different levels of Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system, which assigns different codes to drugs based on their anatomy, pharmacological, therapeutics and chemical properties, to provide in-depth analysis of co-prescription patterns.
Results
Altogether the prescriptions of 914,652 patients, out of which 91,505 were diabetic, were analyzed. According to our results, prescribing Lipid Modifying Agents (C10) (56.3%), Agents Acting on The Renin-Angiotensin System (C09) (48.9%), Antithrombotic Agents (B01) (35.7%), and Beta Blocking Agents (C07) (30.1%) were meaningfully associated with the prescription of Drugs Used in Diabetes. Our study also revealed that female diabetic patients have a higher chance of taking Antithyroid agents, and the older the patients were, the more they were prone to take neuropathy-related medications.
Conclusions
Almost all of the association rules found in this research were clinically meaningful, proving the potential of ARM for co-prescription pattern discovery. Moreover, implementing level-based ARM was effective for detecting difficult-to-spot rules. Additionally, the majority of drugs prescribed by physicians were consistent with the Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes.
Multiple primary cancers composed of lung cancer and cardiac lymphoma：a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Qian , Li Yi , Wang Qiu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Malignant tumors originating from the heart are rare. Here, we report a case of lung squamous cell carcinoma and primary cardiac lymphoma.
Case Presentation: A 74-year-old man with a 10-year history of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung was admitted to the hospital for 1 year due to chest tightness and pressure in the precordial area during activities. PET-CT showed multiple metastases throughout the body, but multiple punctures obtained no clear pathological evidence. To improve the patient's cardiac symptoms, combined with the known history of squamous cell carcinoma, the chemotherapy of albumin-paclitaxel + carboplatin combined with intensity-modulated radiotherapy for residual lesions was performed, and the effect was improved. The patient developed tumor progression during re-examination, and a pathological examination was obtained, confirming the diagnosis of primary cardiac diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Unfortunately, the patient died of heart failure while awaiting medical examination, with a total overall survival (OS) of 10 months.
Conclusions: Primary cardiac lymphoma (PLC) is rare and has an extremely poor prognosis. Therefore, rapid diagnosis is crucial for patient outcomes. If no pathological evidence can be obtained, understanding how to make a clinical diagnosis becomes essential. The characteristics of this case and examinations provide a foundation for clinical diagnosis and aim to improve treatment methods and options for PCL patients.
Rehabilitation Methods for Patients with Geographic Atrophy due to Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Effects of Rehabilitation on Quality of Life
Authors: Acar Damla Erginturk , Batioglu Figen , Idil Aysun , Sahli Esra , Goksuluk Dincer 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the low vision rehabilitation methods and to investigate the effectiveness of visual rehabilitation on quality of life in patients with low vision with geographic atrophy due to age-related macular degeneration (ARMD).
Methods
Seventy-eight well-sighted eyes of 78 patients with geographic atrophy due to ARMD were included in the study. Sociodemographic characteristics, eye examination findings, low vision aid methods chosen for near and far distance of patients were recorded. Fifty eight patients using a low vision aid device were named as the rehabilitation group, whereas 21 patients who never used the device were named as the control group. The National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) was applied to all patients at the initial examination and at least 6 months after the visual rehabilitation/or initial examination.
Results
In the rehabilitation group, statistically significant increases were found in the overall composite score, general vision, near and distance activities, social functioning, mental health, role difficulties, and dependency subscale scores of the NEI-VFQ-25 quality of life scale after low vision rehabilitation (p = 0.009 general vision, p < 0.001; for others )In the control group, there was no statistically significant change in any of the overall score and subscales of the quality of life scale.
Conclusions
Low vision patients with ARMD-related geographic atrophy should meet with low vision rehabilitation methods as soon as possible and should be included in low vision rehabilitation programs.
Efficacy of two topical fluralaner formulations (Bravecto® ; Bravecto® Plus) against Asian longhorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis) infestations of cats
Authors: Petersen Melissa , Maree Riaan , Pretorius Henda , Liebenberg Julian E , Guerino Frank 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

The invasive tick species, Haemaphysalis longicornis, is becoming established in the United States, presenting a growing threat to dogs and cats. Two 90-day studies were initiated, the same protocol in each, to confirm the efficacy of a single application of two fluralaner formulations against H. longicornis infestations of cats.

Methods

Cats were randomized between three groups in a 1:1:1 ratio (10 cats/group). Group 1 cats were untreated controls; Group 2 cats were treated with a topical fluralaner formulation (Bravecto®); Group 3 cats received a topical formulation containing fluralaner and moxidectin (Bravecto® Plus). Treatments were administered once (Day 0) at the label dose rates. Each cat was infested with 50 H. longicornis on Day − 7 for study qualification, and Days − 2, 28, 58, and 88. Tick counts were completed on Days − 5, 2, 30, 60 and 90. To allow between-group comparisons at any assessment, at least six Group 1 cats were required to retain at least 25% of the infestation dose. The primary objective was based on percentage reductions in arithmetic mean tick counts.

Results

Pre-study infestations showed all study cats were susceptible to tick challenge. Except for Day 2 in one study, at least six control cats retained ≥ 25% of each challenge, demonstrating an adequate infestation for efficacy assessments. Across studies on Days 2, 30, 60 and 90, the mean live tick infestation rate (number of ticks recovered from each cat/infesting challenge to each cat) of Group 1 cats ranged from 25.0 to 69.6%. Efficacy of each formulation, based on live tick counts, was 100% on Day 2 and > 95 to 100% at each subsequent assessment. Between-group differences were statistically significant (P < 0.0001) for each treatment versus control comparison.

Conclusion

At the label dose rate, both topical fluralaner formulations were 100% effective in eliminating H. longicornis ticks from cats infested at the time of treatment. Efficacy of > 95 to 100% was then maintained through 90 days following a single application. Fluralaner is therefore a treatment of choice for protecting cats against this invasive tick species.
Efficacy of fluralaner chewable tablets (Bravecto ® ) against Asian longhorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis) infestations of dogs
Authors: Petersen Melissa , Maree Riaan , Viljoen Alta , Liebenberg Julian E , Guerino Frank 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The parthenogenic reproductive ability of Haemaphysalis longicornis, facilitating quick life cycle completion and rapid geographic spread, and its pathogen vector potential make infestations a risk to human and canine health. Two 90-day studies were initiated to evaluate the efficacy of a single fluralaner administration for the treatment and prevention of H. longicornis infestations on dogs.
Methods
Dogs were randomly assigned (10 dogs/group) to either an untreated control group or a group treated once (Day 0) with 13.64% w/w fluralaner chewable tablets (Bravecto®) at the minimum label dose rate of 25 mg/kg. Each dog was infested with approximately 50 H. longicornis ticks on Days − 9 or -6 and on Days − 2, 28, 58, and 88. A different US tick isolate was used in each study. Tick counts were completed on Days − 7 or -4, 2, 30, 60 and 90. The primary efficacy criterion was a 90% reduction in arithmetic mean tick counts between the treated and control groups. For between-group comparisons at any assessment, at least six control dogs were required to retain at least 25% of the infestation dose (13 live ticks).
Results
Pre-study infestations demonstrated susceptibility of all study dogs to challenge with H. longicornis. At each subsequent assessment in both studies, at least seven untreated control dogs retained ≥ 25% of the challenge, demonstrating adequate infestations for each efficacy calculation. On Days 2, 30, 60 and 90 the mean live tick infestation rate (number of ticks recovered from each dog/infesting challenge of each dog) of untreated control dogs ranged from 27.8 to 60.8%. No live ticks, free or attached, were found on any fluralaner-treated dog in either study. Between-group differences were statistically significant (P ≤ 0.0002) at each assessment.
Conclusion
At the minimum recommended label dose rate of 25 mg/kg, fluralaner chewable tablets were 100% effective in eliminating H. longicornis ticks from dogs infested at the time of treatment. Complete efficacy against both US isolates of this tick was maintained through 90 days following a single treatment. Therefore, fluralaner is a treatment of choice for protecting dogs against this invasive tick species.
The association of HHLA2 and PD-L1 expression with prognosis and immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Chun-Hua , Chen Shi-Lu , Yang Xia , Wu Ting , Liu Li-Li , Yun Jing-Ping 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
HHLA2, a newly discovered B7 family member, is widely expressed in numerous tumors and regulates the immune microenvironment. However, its prognostic value remains controversial, and the roles of HHLA2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression patterns of HHLA2 and PD-L1 in HCC and elaborate their relationship with TILs (tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes) and the prognosis of patients with HCC.
Methods
HHLA2 and PD-L1 expression were evaluated through immunohistochemistry (IHC) and analyzed in relation to clinicopathological characteristics in cancer tissues from HCC cases (n = 547). When membranous or cytoplasmatic expression of PD-L1 > = 1% was considered a positive expression. The percentage (%) and quantification (per mm2) of TILs were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE). The quantification of CD3+, CD4 + and CD8 + TILs (per mm2) was evaluated by IHC.
Results
The positive rates of HHLA2 were comparable with those of PD-L1 in HCC tissues according to immunohistochemistry score. HHLA2-positive expression was significantly associated with old age, low serum AFP level and well tumor differentiation, and indicated a better overall survival (OS). Besides, HHLA2 expression was significantly associated with a low density of stromal TILs. However, PD-L1 expression on TC (Tumor cells) was significantly associated with a high density of stromal TILs, CD3 + and CD8 + TILs, similarly, PD-L1 expression on IC (Inflammatory cells) were also correlated with high density of stromal TILs, CD3+, CD4 + and CD8 + TILs. Notably, a new immune classification, based on HHLA2/PD-L1, successfully stratified OS, and patients with HHLA2(+)/PD-L1(-) status had the longest survival.
Conclusion
HHLA2 has a critical impact on the immune microenvironment and can be used as an independent prognostic factor for HCC. Combined the expression of HHLA2 and PD-L1 can be used as a new classification to stratify the risk of progression and death for patients with HCC. Our study may provide evidence for improving responses to immunotherapy-included comprehensive treatment for HCC in the future.