bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical effect of arthroscopic long head of biceps transfer and tenodesis on irreparable rotator cuff tear
Authors: Ma Min , Pan Zhangyi , Lu Liangyu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
To explore the clinical effect of arthroscopic long head of biceps transfer and tenodesis for on irreparable rotator cuff tear.

Methods
A total of 18 patients with irreparable rotator cuff tear who were treated in the Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine from April 2018 to March 2020 were included in this study. They all underwent arthroscopic long head of biceps transfer and tenodesis. Shoulder joint motions (forward flexion, abduction, and external rotation angle) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed. Moreover, visual analogue scale (VAS) and university of California Los Angeles (UCLA) score were conducted during follow-up.

Results
Preoperative symptoms lasted from 3 to 16 months, with an average duration of 10 months. All patients healed in the first stage without obvious complications were included. All patients were followed up for 4 to 14 months after the surgery, with an average duration of 11.1 months. The range of shoulder joint motions, including forward flexion (80.52° ± 31.19° vs. 149.47° ± 28.36°), abduction (65.13° ± 37.59° vs. 152.46° ± 28.64°) and lateral rotation (30.17° ± 15.15° vs. 71.49° ± 11.42°) was significantly improved after operation (P < 0.05). The VAS score was notably decreased after operation (8.46 ± 0.80 vs. 1.55 ± 0.70), but the UCLA score was markedly increased (15.27 ± 2.89 vs. 31.17 ± 2.36). MRI imaging showed that 15 patients had good tissue healing, with a healing rate of 83.3% (15/18).

Conclusion
Arthroscopy of the biceps long head tendon transposition can significantly relieve pain in patients with large rotator cuff tears, improve joint mobility, and restore joint function.
External validation of the 2020 ERC/ESICM prognostication strategy algorithm after cardiac arrest
Authors: Youn Chun Song , Park Kyu Nam , Kim Soo Hyun , Lee Byung Kook , Cronberg Tobias , Oh Sang Hoon , Jeung Kyung Woon , Cho In Soo , Choi Seung Pill ,   the Korean Hypothermia Network Investigators
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the performance of the post-cardiac arrest (CA) prognostication strategy algorithm recommended by the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) in 2020.

Methods
This was a retrospective analysis of the Korean Hypothermia Network Prospective Registry 1.0. Unconscious patients without confounders at day 4 (72–96 h) after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) were included. The association between the prognostic factors included in the prognostication strategy algorithm, except status myoclonus and the neurological outcome, was investigated, and finally, the prognostic performance of the prognostication strategy algorithm was evaluated. Poor outcome was defined as cerebral performance categories 3–5 at 6 months after ROSC.

Results
A total of 660 patients were included in the final analysis. Of those, 108 (16.4%) patients had a good neurological outcome at 6 months after CA. The 2020 ERC/ESICM prognostication strategy algorithm identified patients with poor neurological outcome with 60.2% sensitivity (95% CI 55.9–64.4) and 100% specificity (95% CI 93.9–100) among patients who were unconscious or had a GCS_M score ≤ 3 and with 58.2% sensitivity (95% CI 53.9–62.3) and 100% specificity (95% CI 96.6–100) among unconscious patients. When two prognostic factors were combined, any combination of prognostic factors had a false positive rate (FPR) of 0 (95% CI 0–5.6 for combination of no PR/CR and poor CT, 0–30.8 for combination of No SSEP N20 and NSE 60).

Conclusion
The 2020 ERC/ESICM prognostication strategy algorithm predicted poor outcome without an FPR and with sensitivities of 58.2–60.2%. Any combinations of two predictors recommended by ERC/ESICM showed 0% of FPR.
A challenging case of an adolescent and young adult patient with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia: the need for a multidisciplinary approach: a case report
Authors: Kranjčec Izabela , Matijašić Nuša , Abdović Slaven , Hižar Gašpar Iva , La Grasta Sabolić Lavinia , Jadrijević-Cvrlje Filip 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdolescents and young adults diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia are treated according to pediatric-based regimens to achieve better results. However, implementation of intensive chemotherapy protocols in this age group is associated with increased treatment-related toxicities, affecting almost every organ and system. In this case, the focus of our interest was on rather rare entities: steroid-induced psychosis that seldom develops in children and adolescents, and choroid plexus hemosiderosis, infrequently identified as a first sign of iron overload.Case presentationThe aim of this paper is to present a challenging case of a 15-year-old Caucasian male patient treated for high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia and who experienced various adverse incidents during intensive chemotherapy, thus necessitating a high-quality multidisciplinary approach. Slow minimal residual disease clearance was an additional concerning issue. Induction and re-induction were complicated by steroid-induced hyperglycemia that required multiple-week insulin. During consolidation, acute kidney injury on the basis of chronic kidney disease was verified, demanding subsequent drug dose modifications. By the end of re-induction, after dexamethasone cessation, infrequent steroid-induced psychosis, presented as incoherent speech, aggressive behavior, and mood swings, required intensive psychiatric support. Neurological evaluation of seizures revealed uncommon choroid plexus hemosiderosis by brain magnetic resonance imaging, warranting appropriate selection of iron chelation therapy in the context of preexisting nephropathy. Ultimately, iron deposits of moderate intensity were verified by liver magnetic resonance imaging, while heart tissue remained intact. The early diagnosis and adequate treatment of aforementioned difficult toxicities resulted in complete recovery of the patient.ConclusionsTreating adolescents with high-risk acute leukemia and multiple therapy-related morbidities remains a challenge, even in the era of extensive and effective supportive therapy. Superior survival rates might be achieved by prompt recognition of both frequent and rarely encountered adverse episodes, as well as well-timed and appropriate management by a well-coordinated multidisciplinary team.
Pain catastrophizing, pain sensitivity and fear of pain are associated with early life environmental unpredictability: a path model approach
Authors: Simon Eszter , Zsidó András N. , Birkás Béla , Csathó Árpád 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Socioeconomic disadvantages in the childhood environment might strongly influence beliefs and behavior characterizing the adult years. When children experience unpredictable and adverse situations, they develop an unpredictability schema with the core belief that situations are unpredictable.

Methods
In two studies, we examined the association of childhood socioeconomic disadvantages with self-reported pain sensitivity, pain catastrophizing, and pain-related fear. Multidimensional survey measures were used to assess environmental conditions experienced in childhood. In addition, participants completed the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire, Body Awareness Questionnaire, Unpredictability Schema Questionnaire, and Fear of Pain Questionnaire. In Study 1 (N = 252), in separate models, we examined pain sensitivity and pain catastrophizing of a community sample of pain-free young individuals in association with their childhood experiences. In Study 2 (N = 293), in a new sample, but with a wider age range, we examined the association of early life socioeconomic disadvantages with pain-related fear. In both studies, the predictions were tested with Structural Equation Modeling. Our models constituted a path from childhood socioeconomic status and household unpredictability to pain variables via the factors of family resources, unpredictability schemas, and body awareness.

Results and conclusions
The findings converged on the conclusion that individuals experiencing disadvantageous early life conditions tended to have an elevated level of pain catastrophizing, higher perceived sensitivity to pain, and higher level of pain-related fear. These associations were mediated by an unpredictability schema and body awareness.
Accuracy evaluation of orthodontic movements with aligners: a prospective observational study
Authors: Bilello G. , Fazio M. , Amato E. , Crivello L. , Galvano A. , Currò G. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Since their introduction in orthodontics, clear aligners have been appreciated by patients, including adults, for their comfort and low aesthetic impact. Despite the enormous mobilization of financial resources all over the world aimed at producing new product lines, few clinical studies or high-quality evidence have been produced regarding the real effectiveness of such treatment. Given the few limited kinds of research on the subject, this study aims to produce and critically evaluate other data, to establish the concrete reliability of clear aligners in orthodontic therapy.

Results
Significant sample sizes were obtained for intrusion, vestibulo/lingual (V/L) crown tipping, and rotation. The overall accuracy for rotation resulted in 86%, ranging from 96% for maxillary central incisors to 70.4% for mandibular first premolars. The intrusion was registered only for anterior teeth; mean predictability was 92%, with the worst result being 86.7% for mandibular canines and the best being 98% for mandibular central incisors. V/L tipping was the most accurate movement: 93.1% of the prescribed movement was completed. Maxillary central incisors showed the lowest accuracy (80.7%), while mandibular central incisors were the highest (97.5%).

Conclusions
The present study provided reassuring data in support of the accuracy of the Invisalign® system. Vestibulo/lingual tipping was the most predictable movement, while rotation of canines, premolars, and lateral incisors were the least predictable. Intrusion resulted highly predictable up to 2 mm. When careful treatment planning follows a correct diagnosis, together with the use of auxiliary features and refinements, the planned results can be achieved in a clinically successful way. Authors believe that there is a major need for greater samples to overcome bias related to variables if we want to answer the unsolved questions, such as the predictability of severe malocclusions treatment.
Heat pre-treatment can abolish anti-drug antibody interference in ligand binding pharmacokinetic assays
Authors: Poulsen Svend , Jørgensen Louise , Galle Pia Søndergaard 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAnti-drug antibodies (ADAs) can interfere with ligand binding assays (LBAs) by binding to epitopes recognized by the assay antibodies or by preventing assay antibody binding through steric hindrance. This can lead to underestimation of total drug concentration in pharmacokinetic (PK) samples which can confound decisions during drug development. We hypothesized that ADA interference in LBAs can be removed by sample heat pre-treatment. We heat pre-treated ADA-spiked samples by incubating them in a shallow water bath at 56–100 °C for 5–30 min prior to measuring the samples by a traditional electrochemiluminescence (ECL) assay. Heat pre-treatment at minimum 85 °C for 5 min completely removed the ADA interference. We then compared the analyte concentrations measured with and without heat pre-treatment of blood samples from toxicology studies performed for two different analytes in 60 cynomolgus monkeys and 29 minipigs, respectively. The overall difference in measured concentration of ADA-positive samples was significantly different from the overall difference in measured concentration of ADA-negative samples. For the cynomolgus monkey study samples, the ADA titer was determined, and the difference in measured concentration, when comparing heat pre-treatment to no heat pre-treatment, was significantly correlated to the ADA titer. Additionally, heat pre-treatment removed parallelism issues observed in a subset of study samples. Our data suggest that sample heat pre-treatment can abolish ADA interference in an LBA and could serve as a tool to assess the degree of ADA interference and the total drug concentration in a PK sample. Of note, before utilizing this strategy on a new analyte, it is necessary to assess whether heat pre-treatment negatively affects the detection of the analyte by the assay antibodies.
The effects of socioeconomic status, oral and dental health practices, and nutritional status on dental health in 12-year-old school children
Authors: Aslan Ceylan Jiyan , Aslan Yusuf , Ozcelik Ayse Ozfer 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aims to examine the effects of socioeconomic status, oral, and dental health practices, dietary habits and anthropometric measurements on dental health in 12-year-old schoolchildren.

Methods
The sample of the study consisted of a total of 254 children (44.1% boys and 55.9% girls) in three schools which were identified as low, moderate and high socioeconomic status. The data were collected by face-to-face interviews via a questionnaire form. Dentist determined DMFT and dmft indices of the children. SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) package program was used to analyze the data.

Results
It was found that 70.9% of the children have dental caries on their permanent teeth. The number of girls with caries in permanent teeth and boys with caries in milk teeth was higher (p < 0.05). The frequency of seeing a dentist and changing toothbrush vary according to the socioeconomic status (p < 0.05). Oral and dental health indicators were determined to be affected by the frequency and duration of tooth brushing (p < 0.05). It was found that dmft values of the children consuming molasses and table sugar are lower (p < 0.05). There is a negative correlation between oral and dental health indicators and anthropometric measurements.

Conclusion
Dietary habits, anthropometric measurements, oral and dental health practices, gender, and socioeconomic status were shown to be effective on caries. Caries risk assessment and determining leading risk factors enable effective prevention programs to be implemented at different levels.
What’s the Point of News? A Study in Ethical Journalism, T. Harcup (2020)
Authors: Miles Caitlin Marie 
Published: April 2022

Review of: What’s the Point of News? A Study in Ethical Journalism, T. Harcup (2020)
Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 158 pp.,
ISBN 978-3-03039-946-7, p/bk, $59.99
Numerical and experimental investigation of two phase flow geometrical characteristics
Authors: Abdul Hussein Hyder M. , Ahmed Sabah T. , Habeeb Laith Jaafer 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper presents an experimental and numerical analysis of the effect of the geometric parameter on the two-phase flow (white kerosene-water) flow pattern system. The investigation was carried out using three lengths (1, 2 and 3) m of rectangular horizontal smooth channel and three channel heights of (5, 7.5 and 10) cm respectively. The flow conditions for the input water velocity (0.2 m/s) and the input kerosene velocity (0.1 m/s) for both measurements have been investigated. Two-inlet techniques have been employed. Firstly, at the inlet, the kerosene was on top of the bath. Then, second, from the center, the kerosene inlets (water is above and below the kerosene). A numerical verification analysis was introduced using the ANSYS software using the method of volume of fluid (VOF) and mixture multiphase flow modeling coupled with the normal k-ε turbulence schemes. A collection of seven methods of CFD types is explored by running 224 instances. Comparisons were made between numerical and experimental works.
Education Policy of Sudan and Utilization of the Mobile Device (iPad) Technology: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Onia Saifaldin Idris 
Published: April 2022

The Sudanese education system, in recent years, has seen a significant expansion because of the significant increase in the numbers wishing to learn. There is a necessary need for expanding educational services to cover this vast number of scholars. The existing service is showing a clear deficit through physical, human, and spatial limitations. This illustrates the necessity to employ modern technologies such as mobile devices (iPad) to support education. Therefore, this paper seeks to review the use of mobile device (iPad) technology in education and explore the opportunities and challenges of utilizing iPad technology in the education system of Sudan. This paper reached to the use of mobile device (iPad) technology in the Sudanese education system providing opportunities for networking learning, social learning, interactive learning, and distance learning. There are several challenges facing the utilization of mobile device (iPad) technology in the Sudanese education system in which the delivery of information by traditional methods is better than the use of mobile learning, there is no clear plan for the usage of mobile devices by the competent authorities, lack of training to use and employ the mobile learning. The paper recommended providing facilities to improve opportunities to incorporate technology into the Sudanese education system.
Fenestración dental en molares deciduos.
Authors: GONZABAY CAMPOS DIANA 
Published: April 2022

La fenestración dental en dientes deciduos se considera una lesión ósea a nivel de las raíces de dientes temporales, entre sus características clínicas pueden presentarse asintomática acompañada de la destrucción alveolar evidente considerándose de etiología multifactorial, con una prevalencia de 20% de los dientes en dientes deciduos particularmente con mayor frecuencia se observa en la porción vestibular siendo los dientes anteriores más afectados que los posteriores, sin embargo esta patología se encuentra poco documentada en la literatura con escasas publicaciones. El presente artículo reporta el caso clínico de un paciente 6 años 8 meses con movilidad, pérdida de la continuidad de la mucosa bucal y destrucción de la tabla ósea vestibular a nivel de unidades dentales 8.4-8.7.
Análisis de eficacia de la remoción de barrillo dentinario utilizando métodos de activación: irrigación ultrasónica pasiva (PUI) y Eddy con distintos quelantes mediante una evaluación en microscopio electrónico de barrido
Authors: López Espinoza Javier Andrés 
Published: April 2022

El éxito del tratamiento endodóntico va a depender de la limpieza y la conformación del sistema de conductos radiculares. En la práctica clínica el uso de irrigantes provee una desinfección química de los conductos radiculares y remoción del barrillo atrapado en el interior del conducto gracias a la acción eficiente de las soluciones quelantes. El propósito de este estudio fue calcular la eficacia de la eliminación del barrillo dentinario en el tercio apical, con la utilización de EDTA al 17% y Ácido cítrico al 10% activando con diferentes dispositivos y técnicas como son la irrigación ultrasónica pasiva (PUI) y las puntas EDDY (ED). Se utilizaron 45 dientes premolares divididas aleatoriamente en cinco grupos: 4 grupos experimentales (n=10) y 1 grupo control (n=5). En cada raíz se preparó dos surcos longitudinales en vestibular y lingual, las cuales fueron recubiertas con oro para su observación bajo el microscopio electrónico de barrido para de este modo cuantificar los tubulos dentinarios abierto. Para el análisis estadístico se usó la prueba de Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis y una comparación multiple con U Mann-Whitney las cuales demostraron que la activación con EDDY ha tenido los puntajes más bajos del experimento con una diferencia de 8 puntos con respecto de PUI con EDTA al 17% y una diferencia con PUI de 13 puntos con Acido cítrico al 10% en el tercio apical. No obstante, ninguno de los grupos experimentales fue capaz de remover todo el barrillo dentinario en el tercio apical, pero si presentaron diferencias significativas con respecto al grupo control, por lo que se recomienda el uso de soluciones quelantes y sistema de activación para poder obtener mejor índice de limpieza y asegurar un éxito tratamiento de conducto.
Estimation cost of occupational accidents by SACA method: A case study in one of the South Pars Gas Refinery
Authors: Pourbandori A , Davami AH 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Occupational accidents impose a lot of direct and indirect costs on the national economy of the country. Because, as a fact, resources are limited for reducing the risks and costs can affect the optimal investment in safety issues. the aim of this study was to calculate the economic costs of occupational accidents in one of the South Pars Gas Refinery, Assalouyeh, Boushehr Province.
Materials and Methods: The present research was a descriptive-analytic study, and the costs from 92 occupational accidents occurred in the South Pars Gas Refinery during the period of 2017 and 2018 was estimated. Estimation of these costs contributes to decision-making for cost control. The systematic accident cost analysis (SACA) method, was used to calculate the costs and information in the forms of each incident the total costwas calculated based on the type of incident after the analysis of the cost of the incident. Excel, SPSS version 17 Kolmogorov-Smironov and Chi-square tests were used for data manipulations and statistical analysis.
Results: The Most working days were lost in the Gas Refinery (12613 days). The evaluations of accident cost showed that 2/3 of the costs of occupational accidents are visible in the corporate accounting information systems reviewed while 1/3 was hidden from management view. As can be seen, the costs due to the absence of the injured employee were the largest cost category with an average of 71%. The highest cost of occupational accidents for a company with 1500 employees was estimated to be approximately 27,440,000,000 Rials.
Conclusion: The costs of accidents on employers and ultimately the country's economy are noticeable. It is really important to recognize the accidents’ causes, control the rate of them and provide sufficient and appropriate occupational health and safety services.
Kegiatan Mengaji secara Terbatas di LPQ Wardatul Ishlah dengan Menerapkan Protokal Kesehatan sebagai Bentuk Moderasi Beragama pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Sanidah Sanidah , Rofiki Imam 
Published: April 2022

The government has tried to make various efforts to suppress the spread of COVID-19, including by making health protocols in various life activities in the community. Learning activities at the Wardatul Ishlah Al-Qur'an Education Institute located at the Wardatul Ishlah Mosque resulted in large crowds, while in the pandemic era this was very much against health protocol in order to prevent and suppress the spread of COVID-19. However, the recitation of the holy Qur’an is not an easy activity to leave, because the activity is a fairly primary activity and is not easy to just take a day off. Due to the conflict between the two interests, namely the interests of health and the interests of religion, at LPQ Wardatul Ishlah, they are looking for a middle way and applying the concept of religious moderation so that reciting activity can still be carried out while still complying with health protocol.