bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health burden and economic loss attributable to ambient PM2.5 in Iran based on the ground and satellite data
Authors: Faridi Sasan , Bayat Reza , Cohen Aaron J. , Sharafkhani Ensieh , Brook Jeffrey R. , Niazi Sadegh , Shamsipour Mansour , Amini Heresh , Naddafi Kazem , Hassanvand Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe estimated mortality and economic loss attributable to PM2·5 air pollution exposure in 429 counties of Iran in 2018. Ambient PM2.5-related deaths were estimated using the Global Exposure Mortality Model (GEMM). According to the ground-monitored and satellite-based PM2.5 data, the annual mean population-weighted PM2·5 concentrations for Iran were 30.1 and 38.6 μg m−3, respectively. We estimated that long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 contributed to 49,303 (95% confidence interval (CI) 40,914–57,379) deaths in adults ≥ 25 yr. from all-natural causes based on ground monitored data and 58,873 (95% CI 49,024–68,287) deaths using satellite-based models for PM2.5. The crude death rate and the age-standardized death rate per 100,000 population for age group ≥ 25 year due to ground-monitored PM2.5 data versus satellite-based exposure estimates was 97 (95% CI 81–113) versus 116 (95% CI 97–135) and 125 (95% CI 104–145) versus 149 (95% CI 124–173), respectively. For ground-monitored and satellite-based PM2.5 data, the economic loss attributable to ambient PM2.5-total mortality was approximately 10,713 (95% CI 8890–12,467) and 12,792.1 (95% CI 10,652.0–14,837.6) million USD, equivalent to nearly 3.7% (95% CI 3.06–4.29) and 4.3% (95% CI 3.6–4.5.0) of the total gross domestic product in Iran in 2018.
The regular pattern of metabolite changes in mushroom Inonotus hispidus in different growth periods and exploration of their indicator compounds
Authors: Li Zhijun , Bao Haiying , Han Chen , Song Mingjie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInonotus hispidus is a valuable and rare edible and medicinal mushroom with extremely high nutritional and medicinal value. However, there is no holistic insight to elucidate the molecular basis of the differentiated usage and accurate annotation of physiological maturity to fluctuating yields and quality. This study aimed to figure out the fruiting bodies' metabolites change regulation and potential maturating indicators to distinguish different quality I. hispidus. We applied non-targeted ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry combined and with multivariate analysis and analyzed cultivated and wild mushroom I. hispidus in different growth periods (budding, mature and aging). With the fruiting bodies maturating, 1358 metabolites were annotated, 822 and 833 metabolites abundances changed greater than or equal to 1 time from the budding period to the aging period in abundance in cultivated and wild, the total polysaccharides, crude fat, total flavonoids, and total terpenes increased at first and then decreased. Total amino acids, crude protein, and total polyphenols decreased, while the total steroids increased linearly. The change of metabolites showed certain regularity. Metabolic pathways enrichment analysis showed that these metabolites are involved in glycolysis, biosynthesis of amino acids, organic acid metabolism, glycine-serine-and-threonine metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, purine metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism. In addition, ergosterol peroxide and (22E)-ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one can be used as indicator compounds, and their contents increase linearly with the fruiting bodies of I. hispidus’ physiological maturation. This comprehensive analysis will help to evaluate the edible values and facilitate exploitation in mushroom I. hispidus.
Design, preparation and application of the semicarbazide-pyridoyl-sulfonic acid-based nanocatalyst for the synthesis of pyranopyrazoles
Authors: Beiranvand Masoumeh , Habibi Davood 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA novel, efficient, and recoverable nanomagnetic catalyst bearing the semicarbazide linkers, namely, Fe3O4@SiO2@OSi(CH2)3-N(3-pyridoyl sulfonic acid)semicarbazide (FSiPSS) was designed, synthesized and characterized by the use of various techniques such as FT‐IR, EDX, elemental mapping analysis, XRD, SEM, TEM, TGA/DTA, BET, and VSM. Then, the catalytic capability of the novel prepared nanomagnetic FSiPSS catalyst was successfully investigated in the synthesis of diverse pyranopyrazoles through a one-pot four-component condensation reaction of ethyl acetoacetate, hydrazine hydrate, aromatic aldehydes, and malononitrile or ethyl cyano-acetate by the help of ultrasonication in very short reaction time, good to high yields and easy work-up (Fig. 1).
The interplay of grandparental investment according to the survival status of other grandparent types
Authors: Helle Samuli , Tanskanen Antti O. , Pettay Jenni E. , Danielsbacka Mirkka 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInclusive fitness theory predicts that grandparental investment in grandchildren aims to maximise their inclusive fitness. Owing to an increasing overlap between successive generations in modern affluent populations, the importance of grandparental investment remains high. Despite the growing literature, there is limited knowledge regarding how the survival status of different grandparent types influences each other’s investment in grandchildren. This question was studied by using the Involved Grandparenting and Child Well-Being Survey, which provided nationally representative data of English and Welsh adolescents aged 11–16-years. We applied Bayesian structural equation modeling (BSEM) where grandparental investment in grandchildren was modelled using multi-indicator unobserved latent variable. Our results showed that maternal grandmothers’ investment was increased by having a living maternal grandfather but not vice versa. Having a living maternal grandmother was also associated with decreased investment of paternal grandparents while the opposite was not found. These findings indicate that the association between the survival status of other grandparents and the focal grandparents’ investment varies between grandparent types.
Animal–substrate interactions preserved in ancient lagoonal chalk
Authors: Valencia Fernando L. , Mángano M. Gabriela , Buatois Luis A. , Laya Juan Carlos 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTrace-fossil assemblages reflect the response of the benthos to sets of paleoenvironmental conditions during and immediately after sedimentation. Trace fossils have been widely studied in pelagic shelf and deep-sea chalk deposits from around the globe but never documented from ancient lagoonal chalk successions. Here we report the first detailed ichnologic analysis of a lagoonal chalk unit, using as an example the Upper Cretaceous Buda Formation from the Texas Gulf Coast Basin. In this unit, variable interconnection with the open ocean, accompanied by marked fluctuations in physicochemical parameters inherent to lagoonal circulation (e.g., salinity, hydrodynamic energy, bottom-water oxygenation), highly influenced the resultant trace-fossil content of the chalk. These lagoonal chalk deposits contain twenty ichnotaxa, displaying a clear dominance ofThalassinoidesisp. andChondritesisp., which are present in most of the bioturbated strata. The dominance ofThalassinoidesisp., both in softgrounds as an element of theCruzianaIchnofacies and in firmgrounds as a component of theGlossifungitesIchnofacies, highlights similarities with trace-fossil assemblages from shallow-water shelf-sea chalks. In contrast to both (open) shallow-water shelf-sea chalks and deep-sea chalks, the Buda Formation chalk exhibits more diverse assemblages and sharp fluctuations in ichnodiversity and ichnodisparity during relatively short periods of time. The increased ichnodiversity and ichnodisparity in this lagoonal chalk (in comparison with its open ocean counterparts) may reflect a complex interplay of taphonomic (i.e., incomplete bioturbation allowing preservation of shallow-tier trace fossils and ecologic (i.e., increased spatial environmental heterogeneity in the carbonate lagoonal setting) factors.
Relationships between transmission of malaria in Africa and climate factors
Authors: Mafwele Biseko Juma , Lee Jae Woo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe spread of malaria is related to climate change because temperature and rainfall are key parameters of climate change. Fluctuations in temperature affect the spread of malaria by lowering or speeding up its rate of transmission. The amount of rainfall also affects the transmission of malaria by offering a lot of sites suitable for mosquitoes to breed in. However, a high amount of rainfall does not have a great effect. Because of the high malaria incidence and the death rates in African regions, by using malaria incidence data, temperature data and rainfall data collected in 1901–2015, we construct and analyze climate networks to show how climate relates to the transmission of malaria in African countries. Malaria networks show a positive correlation with temperature and rainfall networks, except for the 1981–2015 period, in which the malaria network shows a negative correlation with rainfall.
A game theoretic approach identifies conditions that foster vaccine-rich to vaccine-poor country donation of surplus vaccines
Authors: Lampert Adam , Sulitzeanu-Kenan Raanan , Vanhuysse Pieter , Tepe Markus 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Scarcity in supply of COVID-19 vaccines and severe international inequality in their allocation present formidable challenges. These circumstances stress the importance of identifying the conditions under which self-interested vaccine-rich countries will voluntarily donate their surplus vaccines to vaccine-poor countries.

Methods
We develop a game-theoretical approach to identify the vaccine donation strategy that is optimal for the vaccine-rich countries as a whole; and to determine whether the optimal strategy is stable (Nash equilibrium or self-enforcing agreement). We examine how the results depend on the following parameters: the fraction of the global unvaccinated population potentially covered if all vaccine-rich countries donate their entire surpluses; the expected emergence rate of variants of concern (VOC); and the relative cost of a new VOC outbreak that is unavoidable despite having surplus doses.

Results
We show that full or partial donations of the surplus stock are optimal in certain parameter ranges. Notably, full surplus donation is optimal if the global amount of surplus vaccines is sufficiently large. Within a more restrictive parameter region, these optimal strategies are also stable.

Conclusions
Our results imply that, under certain conditions, coordination between vaccine-rich countries can lead to significant surplus donations even by strictly self-interested countries. However, if the global amount that countries can donate is small, we expect no contribution from self-interested countries. The results provide guidance to policy makers in identifying the circumstances in which coordination efforts for vaccine donation are likely to be most effective.
Panoramic view of microRNAs in regulating cancer stem cells
Authors: Zhao Yongzhi , Wei Danduo , Zhang Yitong , Ji Junfang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subgroup of tumor cells, possessing the abilities of self-renewal and generation of heterogeneous tumor cell lineages. They are believed to be responsible for tumor initiation, metastasis, as well as chemoresistance in human malignancies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play essential roles in various cellular activities including CSC initiation and CSC-related properties. Mature miRNAs with ∼22 nucleotides in length are generated from primary miRNAs via its precursors by miRNA-processing machinery. Extensive studies have demonstrated that mature miRNAs modulate CSC initiation and stemness features by regulating multiple pathways and targeting stemness-related factors. Meanwhile, both miRNA precursors and miRNA-processing machinery can also affect CSC properties, unveiling a new insight into miRNA function. The present review summarizes the roles of mature miRNAs, miRNA precursors, and miRNA-processing machinery in regulating CSC properties with a specific focus on the related molecular mechanisms, and also outlines the potential application of miRNAs in cancer diagnosis, predicting prognosis, as well as clinical therapy.
A Cross-Sectional Age Group Study of Coarticulatory Resistance: The Case of Late-Acquired Voiceless Fricatives in English
Authors: Howson Phil J. , Redford Melissa A. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
As a class, fricatives are more “resistant” to consonant–vowel coarticulation than other English sounds. This study investigates the relative coarticulatory resistance of /θ, s, ʃ/ in child and adult speech to better understand the acquisition of individuated speech sounds.

Method:
Ten 5-year-old children, seven 8-year-old children, and nine college-age adults produced [əFV] sequences in carrier phrases, where F was /θ/, /s/, or /ʃ/ and V was /æ/, /i/, or /u/. In Experiment 1, coarticulation was perceptually indexed: 65 adults predicted the target stressed vowel based on forward-gated audiovisual speech samples for a subset of four speakers from each age group. In Experiment 2, dynamic spectral measures of the /əFV/ sequences were analyzed using smoothing spline analysis of variance to again test for vowel effects on fricative articulation across age groups.

Results:
The perceptual results indicated that fricatives blocked vowel–vowel coarticulation across speaker age groups. Contrary to expectation, vowels were most accurately predicted when F was /s/ and not when it was /ʃ/ or /θ/ across age groups. Acoustic results indicated the expected biomechanically motivated /ʃ/ > /s/ > /θ/ coarticulatory resistance hierarchy in adults' speech. By contrast, /ʃ/ > /s/ were similarly influenced by context in 8-year-olds' speech, and the results from 5-year-olds' speech suggested an influence of order of acquisition in that /θ/ was surprisingly resistant to coarticulation.

Conclusion:
The study results are taken to suggest that a temporal constraint on fricative articulation interacts with biomechanical constraints during development to influence patterns of coarticulation in school-age children's speech.
Comfort Levels of Providers Serving Children Who Are Deaf/Hard of Hearing: Discrepancies and Opportunities
Authors: Blaiser Kristina M. , Mahshie James 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
More than 80% of children who are deaf/hard of hearing (DHH) receive services in mainstream school settings. This means they are often served as part of a broader caseload rather than by someone who has specific training in serving this population. While best practice outlines specific skills and expertise from highly qualified providers, in reality, many lack confidence related to hearing technology and resources related to serving children who are DHH.

Method:
This study surveyed 459 professionals within the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association who serve children who are DHH with the intent of comparing differences in confidence, training, and resource use between providers who have self-selected interest in working with children who are DHH (i.e., membership in Special Interest Group [SIG] 9, Pediatric Hearing and Hearing Disorders) and those who serve children who are DHH but are not part of the pediatric hearing–related SIG.

Results:
Results indicated that many providers, particularly those not in SIG 9, did not have confidence in serving young children who are DHH (particularly in early intervention or preschool). Graduate experiences (classes and practicum) played little role in providers' confidence working with children who are DHH.

Conclusions:
While most children who are DHH are enrolled in school settings, there is limited provider confidence in working with this population. Graduate training programs should explore opportunities to provide more intensive, comprehensive experiences to prepare providers in this area.
Integral sliding mode predictive control with disturbance attenuation for discrete‐time systems
Authors: Xu Yu‐Tian , Wu Ai‐Guo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the output tracking control is addressed for discrete‐time multi‐input‐multi‐output nonlinear systems subjected to external disturbance by a novel output‐based discrete‐time integral sliding mode predictive control scheme. First of all, a control law is proposed based on a new type of discrete‐time integral sliding mode surfaces. To further improve control accuracy, an integral sliding mode predictive control law is obtained in combination with the designed integral sliding mode control and model predictive control. Rigorous analysis is provided to demonstrate that the quasi‐sliding‐mode band width and ultimate bound of output tracking error under the designed discrete‐time integral sliding mode predictive control law are of higher accuracy than those under the designed integral sliding mode control law. Numerical simulations are performed to illustrate that the presented integral sliding mode predictive control law offers better performance than the proposed integral sliding mode control law.
A two‐stage simulation‐based framework for optimal resilient generation and transmission expansion planning
Authors: Firoozjaee Mahdi Golchoob , Sheikh‐El‐Eslami Mohammad Kazem 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a two‐stage resilient framework for generation and transmission expansion planning that profits static and dynamic models. The first stage problem finds the generation and transmission expansion results without considering extreme events. Given the planned power system, in the second stage, a simulation‐based method is employed to accurately model the effects of the severe events and measure the expected demand not served. The proposed framework updates the formulation of the planning problem to efficiently search for a new expansion plan resulting in higher resilience levels. This paper uses the maximizing social welfare in the planning model to find the optimal result. Also, the effect of maximizing social welfare in updating the formulation of the planning problem is investigated. In this case, the planning problem is a bi‐level problem that using the primal‐dual formulation leads to a single‐level problem called a mathematical program with equilibrium constraints. After the linearization, the planning problem becomes a mixed‐integer linear programming problem. The planning model profits from reinforced transmission lines to improve power system resilience. The proposed framework is evaluated on 4‐bus, 6‐bus, and 118‐bus systems. According to the results, the proposed method with a low additional cost boosts power system resilience.
Real‐time implementation of adaptive neural backstepping controller for battery‐less solar‐powered PMDC motor
Authors: Govindharaj Arunprasad , Mariappan Anitha , Aladiyan Ambikapathy , Alhelou Hassan Haes 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA low‐cost battery‐less solar‐powered PMDC motor using an adaptive backstepping Chebyshev neural network controller to track the desired speed for any change in irradiance and load torque is proposed in this paper. The neural network is used for approximating the variable load torque because of its approximation property. The computational burden of the control law is reduced because of the orthogonal property of Chebyshev polynomials. The asymptotically stable system is obtained by tuning the weights of neurons in accordance with the Lyapunov stability analysis. From the Lyapunov control function of backstepping control design procedure, the control law is obtained by an innovative way of elucidating the cubic equation, in place of resolving the derivative of the control law in the control function. This approach eliminates the constraints caused by the non‐strict feedback system for the backstepping control approach and also this reduces ripples in the duty cycle which makes its appropriateness in real‐time. To ensure its robustness in tracking the desired speed at a faster time and minimum overshoot, simulations are done for an extensive range of variations in irradiance and load torque, and the obtained results are assessed by comparing it with the PID controller and conventional backstepping controller. Because of the use of neural network the robustness of the proposed controller is ensured with enhanced transient and steady state responses. A prototype is developed in the laboratory and the obtained results are assessed by comparing it with the backstepping controller and PID controller.
Extremely young asteroid pair (458271) 2010 UM26 and 2010 RN221
Authors: Vokrouhlický D. , Fatka P. , Micheli M. , Pravec P. , Christensen E. J. 
Published: August 2022

Aims. The extremely similar heliocentric orbital elements of the main-belt objects (458271) 2010 UM26 and 2010 RN221 make them the tightest known pair and hold the promise that it is very young. We analyzed the conditions of its origin and determined its age.
Methods. We conducted dedicated observations of (458271) 2010 UM26 and 2010 RN221 in summer 2022 that resulted in a high-accuracy astrometric set of data. Joining them with the previously available observations, we improved the precision of the orbit determination of both asteroids. We used numerical simulations backward in time to constrain the origin of this new pair by observing orbital convergence in Cartesian space.
Results. Using a large number of possible clone variants of (458271) 2010 UM26 and 2010 RN221, we find that they all converge in a narrow time interval around March 2003. They have extremely tight minimum distances (≤1000 km) and minimum relative velocities (≤3 cm s−1). These conditions require that the mutual gravitational attraction of the asteroids constituting the pair is included when its age is determined. Extending our model by this effect even improves the convergence results. We find a probability of more than 55% that the pair formed after 2000. However, quasi-satellite captures mean that the possible age uncertainty of this pair might extend to the 1960s. This is by far the youngest known asteroid pair, however. It is a prime target for future astronomical observations.
Hygiene in der Dermatologie – Teil 1: Einführung und Umgebungshygiene
Authors: Daeschlein Georg , Westphal Sabine , Mirzayeva Gulnara , Zouboulis Christos C. , Schlatterer Kathrin 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDermatologie-typische Abläufe in der Patientenversorgung werden in dieser Arbeit im Hinblick auf mögliche Hygienerisiken dargestellt. Das potenziell kontaminierte Oberflächenorgan Haut und seine Umgebung stellen in der medizinischen Versorgung in Bezug auf den intensiven, längeren und großflächigen Kontakt, der mit hautärztlichen und pflegerischen Maßnahmen einhergeht, eine Herausforderung dar.
Hygiene in der Dermatologie – Teil 2: Kommensalen und Infektionserreger, antimikrobielle Behandlung, Hygieneaspekte ausgewählter Infektionskrankheiten
Authors: Daeschlein Georg , Westphal Sabine , Mirzayeva Gulnara , Zouboulis Christos C. , Schlatterer Kathrin 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag werden Kommensalen und relevante Infektionserreger des dermatologischen Patienten wie auch seiner Umgebung systematisch dargestellt und im Hinblick auf die krankenhaushygienische Bedeutung eingeordnet. Auf der antimikrobiellen Behandlung sowie Hygiene-Maßnahmen ausgewählter dermatologischer Erkrankungen liegt ein weiterer Fokus.