bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anticholinergic burden and poor oral health are associated with frailty in geriatric patients undergoing inpatient rehabilitation: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Shwe Phu S. , Thein Paul M. , Marwaha Parul , Taege Karina , Shankumar Ramini , Junckerstorff Ralph 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundPoor oral health is known to be associated with frailty in geriatric populations. Recent exposure to anticholinergic medications is responsible for features of poor oral health. Anticholinergic medications pose a cumulative risk for frailty.MethodsWe studied 115 geriatric inpatients (aged >65 years and recruited over a 3‐month period from October to December 2017). Patients who were severely agitated, cognitively impaired, from a non‐English speaking background and with severe sensory impairment were excluded. Frailty and oral health were assessed using the Reported Edmonton Frailty Scale and the Oral Health Assessment Test, respectively. Exposure to anticholinergic medications was assessed using the Anticholinergic Burden Scale.ResultsThe mean age was 80 (range from 66 to 101). Only 44 patients (38.3%) were not exposed to any anticholinergic medication. Nearly two‐thirds of patients were taking anticholinergic medications, with 25% classified as having a high anticholinergic burden (ACB ≥ 4). Approximately one‐third of severely frail patients were exposed to a high anticholinergic burden. Patients with a high anticholinergic burden were more than twice as likely to have severe frailty (OR 2.21; 95% confidence interval 1.05–4.6). Poor oral health was associated with frailty (OR 1.24; 95% CI 1.02–1.49).ConclusionHigh anticholinergic burden was found to be a risk marker for severe frailty independent of its effect on oral health. Poor oral health was associated with all levels of frailty. This study highlights a need for a review of medications with anticholinergic properties in older patients. Further research should be directed at whether deprescribing could prevent poor oral health or slow the progression of frailty.
Analysis of the influence of land finance on haze pollution: An empirical study based on 269 prefecture‐level cities in China
Authors: Yang Xiaodong , Wang Weilong , Su Xufeng , Ren Siyu , Ran Qiying , Wang Jianlong , Cao Jianhong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUnder the system of political centralization and economic decentralization, the expanding scale of land finance and the increasingly severe environmental pressure have jointly become crucial features of China's urban development. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the intrinsic mechanism of land finance on haze pollution for China's economy to achieve kinetic energy transformation and green development. This paper empirically analyzes the impact of land finance on haze pollution using a dynamic spatial Durbin model based on panel data of 269 prefecture‐level cities in China from 2004 to 2017. The statistical results show that haze pollution has a significant “snowball effect” and space spillover effect. Land finance has a significant positive effect on haze pollution. Land transfer both by agreement and by bid invitation, auction, and listing have significant positive effect on haze pollution. However, the promoting effect of land transfer by agreement on haze pollution is significantly higher than that of land sale by bid invitation, auction, and listing. Furthermore, regional heterogeneity implies that for cities in the eastern region, land finance is conducive to alleviating haze pollution. In contrast, for cities in the central and western regions, land finance significantly promotes haze pollution.
Moth declines are most severe in broadleaf woodlands despite a net gain in habitat availability
Authors: Blumgart Dan , Botham Marc S. , Menéndez Rosa , Bell James R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
While agricultural intensification and habitat loss are cited as key drivers of moth decline, these alone cannot explain declines observed in UK woodlands – a habitat that has expanded in area since 1968.
We quantified how moth communities changed across habitats and regions and determined how species traits interacted with habitat in predicting moth abundance change. We hypothesised that, in woodlands, species more vulnerable to shading and browsing by deer (species specialising on forbs, shrubs and shade‐intolerant plants) had declined more severely than other species, and that moth decline in woodlands was more severe at sites more susceptible to deer damage.
We modelled abundance, biomass, species richness and diversity from 1968 to 2016 and explored how these interacted with habitat and region. We also modelled the interaction between habitat and two moth species traits: larval feeding guild and shade‐tolerance of hostplant.
Moth declines were consistently highest in broadleaf woodland. Abundance, biomass, species richness and diversity declined significantly by −51%, −52%, −14% and −15% in woodlands, respectively, compared to national trends of −34%, −39%, −1% (non‐significant) and +10%. Declines were no greater in woodlands more susceptible to deer browsing damage. Traits based analysis found no evidence that shading and intensive browsing by deer explained moth declines in woodland.
Moth decline was more severe in broadleaf woodlands than in intensively managed farmlands. We found no evidence that deer browsing or increased shading has driven these trends: the primary cause of the decline of moths in woodlands remains unclear.
Structure, conformation and immunomodulatory activity of a polysaccharide from Morchella sextelata
Authors: Li Feng , Wang Kunhua , Dong Xiaobo , Xu Huaide 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFungal polysaccharides are novel ingredients in functional foods with diverse medicinal properties. Here, a polysaccharide, MSP2‐1, was isolated from Morchella sextelata fruiting bodies and purified using column chromatography. MSP2‐1 (371.5 kDa) is a branched (1 → 4)‐α‐D‐glucan with the O‐6 or O‐3 position occupied by α‐D‐Glcp. Light scattering analysis revealed that MSP2‐1 has a spherical conformation in 0.9% NaCl solution; this was confirmed using transmission electron microscopy. Finally, MPS2‐1 was found to promote proliferation, NO release and cytokine secretion in RAW264.7 cells through a mechanism involving Toll‐like receptor 4. Collectively, these results highlight the potential application of MSP2‐1 as an immunoenhancing compound for hypoimmunity.
Influence of histidine on gelation properties of low sodium surimi from tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Javith S Mohammed Akram , Gunasekaran Janarthanan , Xavier K.A. Martin , Nayak Binaya Bhusan , Krishna Gopal , Balange Amjad K. 
Published: April 2022

SummaryThe aim of this study was to reduce the salt content of tilapia surimi using histidine without affecting gelation properties. The addition of histidine (T‐1) to low salt surimi gels increased the breaking force and deformation and resulted in the highest gel strength (458 g.cm). Expressible moisture was less in the T‐1 sample and proteolytic degradation was higher in the control sample indicating that autolysis did not occur in histidine added sample during gel setting. Protein patterns revealed cross‐linking of myosin heavy chain in gels with added histidine. Fourier transformed infrared spectra implied that histidine‐induced unfolding of proteins occurred after heating. T‐1 samples exhibited a dense and compact microstructure, whereas the control gel was loose. The results of this study show that the addition of histidine could yield high‐quality gels from tilapia surimi in low salt conditions.
Inhibitory effects of curcumin and piperine on fluorescent advanced glycation end products formation in a bovine serum albumin–fructose model
Authors: Yu Ligang , Li Yong , Yang Yukun , Guo Caixia , Li Meiping 
Published: April 2022

SummaryThis study investigated the inhibitory effects of curcumin and piperine on fluorescent advanced glycation end products (fAGEs) formation in a bovine serum albumin (BSA)–fructose model. Model systems of BSA and fructose were prepared, and curcumin or piperine was added. fAGEs and BSA oxidation product (dityrosine, kynurenine and N'‐formylkynurenine) contents were determined. The results showed that fAGEs content decreased with increasing concentration of curcumin and piperine (P < 0.05). Addition of curcumin and piperine at 160 µg mL−1 could inhibit fluorescent AGEs by 100% and 93% respectively. Dityrosine and N'‐formylkynurenine contents decreased as curcumin and piperine concentration increased (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the result of principal component analysis indicated that curcumin and piperine markedly impeded BSA oxidation, resulting in a lower level of fAGEs in model systems. Therefore, adding curcumin and piperine may facilitate reduced fAGEs levels in BSA–fructose model.
Country‐level mentoring for advanced practice nursing: A case study
Authors: Spies Lori A. , Fox‐Mccloy Helen , Kilpatrick Kelley , Habil Máté Orsolya , Steinke Mary K. , Leach Debbie , Noonan Michal , Brennan Karen , Nanyonga Rose Clarke , Betlehem József , Jokiniemi Krista 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo describe the mentoring process between the ICN Advanced Practice Nurse Network practice subgroup and the University of Pécs to support the emerging advanced practice role in Hungary, and explore the creation of a mentoring algorithm for faculty and other key stakeholders worldwide who wish to develop advanced practice nursing programs.BackgroundAdvanced practice nurses provide comprehensive clinical care and expand access to care in more than 70 countries. In March of 2017, a representative of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Pécs requested assistance in curricula development for the inaugural advanced practice nursing program in Hungary.MethodsA mixed‐methods single case study was undertaken. The sources of evidence include interviews, e‐mails, review of the literature, and related documents. Qualitative data were analyzed for content, and frequencies were calculated for quantitative indicators.Findings and discussionThe findings highlight the importance of clear communication, development of shared goals, and determination to see the project through. Enriching information was provided by colleagues from diverse global settings. Credibility was gained in Hungary from the support of national and international experts.ConclusionThe mentoring foundation and process facilitated the role development in Hungary and contributed to an increased understanding of advanced practice nurses’ scope of practice. The intentional approach and the careful ongoing reflection may lead to future successful endeavors. Multinational engagement and collaborations will promote advanced practice nursing contributions globally.Implications for nursing policyMentoring can effectively empower nurses and advanced practice nurses to work to their full capacity. The shared experiences of international mentoring colleagues can contribute to and support the development and acceptance of national policies for the advanced practice nursing roles.
An omega portfolio model with dynamic return thresholds
Authors: Yu Jing‐Rung , Chiou Wan‐Jiun Paul , Lee Wen‐Yi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Omega ratio grants flexibility to a decision‐maker regarding the selection of a return threshold (τ). Although the return threshold can affect the effectiveness of the Omega portfolio, the literature has not soundly concluded how to determine it. In this paper, we develop a multiple objective programming model to generate time‐varying return thresholds by maximizing the τ value and maximizing the deviation between gain and loss, considering short sales and trading costs in portfolio rebalances. The empirical results using the daily returns of the composite stocks in the S&P 500 index over 13 years suggest that the proposed Omega (Max τ) model realizes higher performances than the widely applied portfolio models and the fixed‐τ Omega models under different rebalancing frequencies. The time‐varying return thresholds generated by our model capture the dynamics of the overall market and can be suitable for index enhancement.
Preparation of spherical α‐Al2O3 nanoparticles by microwave hydrothermal synthesis and addition of nano‐Al seeds
Authors: Wang Zhiyuan , Mai Zenghui , Wu Yixiao , Wang Ying , Cao Zhenzhen , Li Mingliang , Fan Bingbing , Shao Gang , Wang Hailong , Xu Hongliang , Zhang Rui , Lu Hongxia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDue to their special appearance, spherical α‐Al2O3 nanoparticles play an important role for obtaining high‐performance structural and functional ceramics. However, there are still problems such as easily agglomerates to form worm‐like structures at high temperatures and difficult availability of spherical nanoparticles. In this study, spherical α‐Al2O3 nanoparticles with high dispersion were prepared by a combination of a microwave hydrothermal method and an addition of nano‐Al particles as seeds. First, spherical amorphous alumina precursors were synthesized by the microwave hydrothermal method at 100°C for 30 min using Al2(SO4)3·18H2O, Al(NO3)3·9H2O, and urea, as raw materials, and then spherical α‐Al2O3 nanoparticles with a diameter of about 66 nm were acquired after calcined the precursor at 1050°C for 90 min by adding nano‐Al seeds, which reduced the calcination temperature by 50°C and holding time by 30 min compared to that without seeds. Kinetic analysis shows that 5 wt.% nano‐Al seeds can reduce the activation energy of crystalline transition of γ‐Al2O3 to α‐Al2O3 from 516.51 to 474.37 kJ/mol. Moreover, the microscopic mechanism of nano‐Al particles as seeds was investigated. The characterizations of sintering properties show that spherical α‐Al2O3 nanoparticles facilitate the acquisition of uniform microstructure for resulting ceramic and the fracture modes include both intergranular and transgranular fractures.
Internal control material weakness disclosure and misstatement duration
Authors: Mao Juan , Ye Zhongxia (Shelly) 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOnly a small proportion of companies that announce restatements disclose existing internal control material weaknesses (ICMWs) over financial reporting during misstatement periods. Using a sample of 1939 restatements related to misstatements between 2003 and 2015, we find that misstatement duration decreases with the disclosure of ICMWs during misstatement periods. Our results are robust to different samples and different measures of the dependent and test variables. We also find that the number of ICMWs disclosed is negatively related to misstatement duration. The disclosure of both entity‐level and process‐level ICMWs is associated with misstatements of shorter duration. Moreover, we find that the negative association between ICMW disclosure frequency and misstatement duration is more salient when restatements are intentional. Despite the negative consequences of reporting existing ICMWs found in prior studies, our results suggest that the disclosure of ICMWs can shorten the duration of misstatement periods, leading to more timely improvement in financial reporting. Hence, our evidence provides context and complements prior research suggesting that companies are penalized for disclosing ICMWs.
Longitudinal relations between impaired executive function and symptoms of psychiatric disorders in childhood
Authors: Halse Marte , Steinsbekk Silje , Hammar Åsa , Wichstrøm Lars 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundMalfunctioning of executive functions correlates with psychopathology in children. However, the directionality, the extent to which the relation varies for various disorders, and whether prospective relations afford causal interpretations are not known.MethodsA community sample of Norwegian children (n = 874) was studied biennially from the age of 6 to 14 years. Executive functions were assessed using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function Teacher‐report and symptoms of psychopathology were assessed using the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment (age 6; parents) and Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment (ages 8–14; children and parents). Prospective reciprocal relations were examined using a random intercept cross‐lagged panel model that adjusts for all unobserved time‐invariant confounders.ResultsEven when time‐invariant confounders were accounted for, reduced executive functions predicted increased symptoms of depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD) 2 years later, even when previous changes in these symptoms were adjusted for. The level of prediction (B = .83, 95% CI [.37, 1.3]) was not different for different disorders or ages. Conversely, reduced executive functions were predicted by increased symptoms of all disorders (B = .01, 95% CI [.01, .02]).ConclusionsReduced executive functioning may be involved in the etiology of depression, anxiety, ADHD, and ODD/CD to an equal extent. Moreover, increased depression, anxiety, ADHD, and ODD/CD may negatively impact executive functioning.
Circular ribonucleic acid nucleoporin 98 knockdown alleviates high glucose‐induced proliferation, fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in human glomerular mesangial cells by regulating the microribonucleic acid‐151‐3p–high mobility group AT‐hook 2 axis
Authors: Dong Qianlan , Dong Longhao , Zhu Yanting , Wang Xiaoming , Li Zhenjiang , Zhang Linping 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAims/IntroductionThis study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of circular ribonucleic acid nucleoporin 98 (circNUP98) in diabetic nephropathy (DN).Materials and MethodsHuman glomerular mesangial cells (HMCs) were stimulated with high glucose (HG) to imitate the growth environment of cells under the DN condition. Levels of genes and proteins were tested by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and inflammatory response were analyzed by using cell counting kit‐8, flow cytometry and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay analysis, respectively. Oxidative stress and fibrosis were evaluated by detecting the activity of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, fibronectin and collagen IV. The binding interaction between microribonucleic acid (miR)‐151‐3p and high mobility group AT‐hook 2 (HMGA2) or circNUP98 was confirmed using dual‐luciferase reporter, pull‐down and ribonucleic acid immunoprecipitation assays. Exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation, and qualified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blot.ResultsCircNUP98 expression was higher in the serum of DN patients and HG‐stimulated HMCs. Functionally, circNUP98 knockdown alleviated HG‐induced proliferation, fibrosis, inflammatory response and oxidative stress in HMCs. Mechanistically, circNUP98 directly sponged miR‐151‐3p, which targeted HMGA2. Rescue experiments showed that miR‐151‐3p reversed the inhibitory effects of circNUP98 knockdown on HG‐induced HMC dysfunction. Furthermore, miR‐151‐3p re‐expression also led to an inhibition of the aforementioned biological behaviors, which was attenuated by HMGA2 upregulation. Besides that, CircNUP98 was found to be packaged into exosomes of DN, and exosomal circNUP98 possessed diagnostic value for DN patients.ConclusionCircNUP98 knockdown alleviates HG‐induced proliferation, fibrosis inflammation and oxidative stress in HMCs by regulating the miR‐151‐3p–HMGA2 axis, which might provide a potential approach for DN therapeutics.
Stress and resilience among resettling refugee youth: An illustrative review and new applications for the family stress model
Authors: Masarik April S. , Fritz Hailey , Lazarevic Vanja 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSome of the world's 84 million forcibly displaced persons (approximately half are youth under the age of 18) obtain legal refugee status, which allows them passage to resettle in new communities. Although much has been documented about experiences of stress and trauma among refugees, we know less about their resilience and coping abilities. Furthermore, a lack of an overarching theoretical framework hinders our understanding of the complete refugee experience, which includes stressors, but also significant strengths and resources. In this paper, we offer a unified conceptual model inspired by family stress, ecological systems, and resilience science that outlines hypothesized stress and resilience pathways during resettlement. We also provide an illustrative review of research from the past two decades involving both the stressors and resources influencing refugee youth during resettlement. We note critical questions that warrant future directions for investigators, particularly those pertaining to resettlement resources that promote resilience at multiple levels.
Topical spray of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells derived from umbilical cord accelerates diabetic wound healing
Authors: Nilforoushzadeh Mohammad Ali , Afzali Hamideh , Raoofi Amir , Nouri Maryam , Naser Reza , Gholami Omid , Nasiry Davood , Mohammadnia Abdolreza , Razzaghi Zahra , Alimohammadi Alimohammad , Naraghi Zahra Safaie , Peyrovan Aisan , Jahangiri Faeze , Khodaverdi Darian Ebrahim , Rustamzadeh Auob , Zare Sona 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and AimCell‐based therapy utilizing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is currently being investigated as a therapeutic agent for chronic wounds. There is no evidence regarding effectiveness of the spray and local transfer of this cellular product in diabetic wound healing. Accordingly, the present study, using clinical, pathological and biometric parameters, investigated the effectiveness of the spray of these cells in the healing of diabetic wounds in rats.MethodsThree days after the induction of diabetes (50 mg/kg single dose of streptozotocin) a circular excision was created on the back of rats. Diabetic rats were divided into two groups (n = 21): Control and WJ‐MSCs group. Sampling of the studied groups was performed on Days 7, 14, and 21 after wounding. Histological, ultrasound imaging of dermis and epidermis in the wound area for thickness and density measurement and skin elasticity were evaluated.ResultsOur results on Days 7, 14, and 21 after wounding showed that the wound closure, thickness, and density of new epidermis and dermis, as well as skin elasticity in healed wound were significantly higher in WJ‐MSCs group compared with the Control group.ConclusionApplication of WJ‐MSCs suspension spray on the wound area can accelerate healing in diabetic wounds. Our findings may potentially provide a helpful therapeutic strategy for patients with a diabetic wound.