bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneity, incomplete information and efficiency: a longitudinal study of a students’ network
Authors: Das Aditya Sekhar , Gangopadhyay Arya , Husain Zakir 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
There is a considerable body of evidence showing that ties between actors are not random but are formed endogenously to maximise individual benefits. Such preferential attachment may be difficult if information is incomplete; in such cases, repeated interaction with the same set of agents may facilitate the identification of actors with whom forming ties is beneficial. The present study examines the formation of ties in a heterogeneous community characterised by incomplete information about the endowments of actors. Data was obtained through an online survey from students enrolled in the post-graduation programme in the department of Economics, Presidency University, and analysed using social network analysis tools and concepts. Results revealed that, over time, the density, reachability and connectivity of the network increased. Greater interaction among actors facilitated the identification of high value actors, and led to an efficient and stable network—but at the cost of polarisation within the network. The study concludes by arguing the need to supplement the analysis of efficiency and stability with an enquiry into the normative implications of polarisation.
JEL classification: D85, I29
Evaluation of surface-guided radiation therapy for breast cancer using the Halcyon system
Authors: Kang Seonghee , Jin Hyeongmin , Chang Ji Hyun , Jang Bum‑Sup , Shin Kyung Hwan , Choi Chang Heon , Kim Jung-in 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of the daily patient setup for breast cancer patients by applying surface-guided radiation therapy using the Halcyon system instead of conventional laser alignment based on the skin marking method.
Methods and materials: We retrospectively investigated 228 treatment fractions using two different daily patient setup methods. The accuracy of the residual rotational error of the surface-guided radiation therapy system was evaluated by using an in-house breast phantom. The residual translational error was analyzed using the couch position difference in the vertical, longitudinal, and lateral directions between the reference computed tomography and dailykilo-voltage cone beam computed tomography acquired from the record and verification system. The residual rotational error (pitch, yaw, and roll) was also calculated using an auto rigid registration between the two imagesbased on Velocity. The total setup time, which combined the initial setup time and imaging time, was analyzed to evaluate the efficiency of the daily patient setup for surface-guided radiation therapy.
Results: The average residual rotational errors using the in-house fabricated breast phantom for pitch, roll, and yaw were 0.14°, 0.13°, and 0.29°, respectively. The average differences in the couch positions for laser alignment based on the skin marking method were 2.8±1.6 mm, 2.0±1.2 mm, and 2.1±1.0 mm for the vertical, longitudinal, and lateral directions, respectively. For surface-guided radiation therapy, the average differences in the couch positions were 1.9±1.2 mm, 2.9±2.1 mm, and 1.9±0.7 mm for the vertical, longitudinal, and lateral directions, respectively. The rotational errors for pitch, yaw, and roll without the surface-guided radiation therapy approach were 0.32±0.30°, 0.51±0.24°, and 0.29±0.22°, respectively. For surface-guided radiation therapy, the rotational errors were 0.30±0.22°, 0.51±0.26°, and 0.19±0.13°, respectively. The average total setup times considering both the initial setup time and imaging timewere 314 s and 331 s, respectively, with and without surface-guided radiation therapy.
Conclusion: We demonstrated that using surface-guided radiation therapy improves the accuracy and efficiency of patient setups in breast cancer patients using the Halcyon system, which has limitations in correcting the rotational offset.
Prognostic and predictive value of desmoplastic reaction in colorectal cancer: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Hu Qingru , Wang Yiting , Yao Su , Mao Yun , Liu Liu , Li Zhenhui , Chen Yonghe , Zhang Shenyan , Li Qian , Zhao Yingnan , Fan Xinjuan , Cui Yanfen , Zhao Ke , Liu Zaiyi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Desmoplastic reaction (DR) is a part of tumor-host reactions reflecting the maturity of tumor stroma. It is confirmed a promising prognostic factor in colorectal cancer (CRC) but further validation in large multicenter samples is needed, and the predictive value of DR type in adjuvant therapy (ACT) in CRC is still unclear.
Methods
A total of 2225 CRC patients from five independent institutions were divided into primary (N = 1012, from two centers) and validation (N = 1213, from three centers) cohorts. DR types were classified as immature, middle, or mature depending on the presence of hyalinized collagen bundles and myxoid stroma at the invasive front of the primary tumor. The overall survival among diverse DR types were compared using survival analysis. The correlation of DR types with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) within stroma was analyzed using artificial intelligence-based method.
Results
In primary cohort, patients with mature DR had the highest 5-year survival rate (85.5% [mature], 75.3% [middle], 65.2% [immature]; hazard ratio for immature vs mature 3.01; 95% CI 2.24–4.04; P < 0.001). These findings were confirmed in validation cohort. Additionally, for stage II CRC, patients classified as non-mature DR would benefit from ACT compared with surgery alone (P = 0.035). Furthermore, immature and middle DR were associated with less distribution of TILs within stroma compared to mature (P < 0.0001).
Conclusions
DR type reflecting the maturity of tumor stroma is a strong independent prognosis factor for CRC patients. For stage II CRC patients, non-mature DR could be a potential marker for recognizing high-risk patients who may be benefited from ACT.
A convergência de toponímias em ativos de propriedade intelectual: as indicações geográficas e a valorização de territórios
Authors: Santos Wellington Gomes dos , Batista Junior Eudoxio Antonio 
Published: December 2022

As Indicações Geográficas (IG) se constituem em conteúdos integrantes do Direito de Propriedade Intelectual, que os trata da perspectiva legal, como signos distintivos cuja característica principal é a distinguibilidade numa perspectiva de economia de mercado. No Brasil, apenas nomes geográficos de lugares ou regiões que guardem forte ligação com o produto ou serviço, em caráter de tipicidade e reputação, são considerados como passíveis de registros como IGs. A novidade que se observa com isso é a convergência de toponímias em ativos de propriedade intelectual, constituindo-se em novas formas de valorização de territórios, cujo núcleo de distinção de sua reputação seria o nome geográfico em questão. É esse o contexto que este artigo propõe discutir.
Propozycja strategii postępowania z radioterapeutycznym planem leczenia w technice VMAT w przypadku niedostępności aparatu źródłowego oraz aparatu kompatybilnego w ośrodku radioterapii
Authors: Bąk Olga , Kijeska Weronika , Kosmowska Justyna , Pańczyszyn Magdalena , Skrobała Agnieszka 
Published: December 2022

Celem pracy była propozycja strategii postępowania z planem leczenia metodą SIB wykonanego w technice obrotowej z modulacją intensywności dawki (VMAT, ang. Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy), w przypadku niedostępności aparatu źródłowego oraz żadnego kompatybilnego akceleratora w ośrodku. Badanie przeprowadzono na przykładzie 20 pacjentów z nowotworem stercza, leczonych metodą jednoczesnego zintegrowanego boost’u (SIB) z planem leczenia w technice VMAT dla dwóch lub trzech pełnych łuków terapeutycznych. Następnie na podstawie pierwotnych planów leczenia wykonano 7-polowe plany zastępcze w technice radioterapii z modulowaną intensywnością dawki (IMRT, ang. Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy). Dla planów w technice VMAT i IMRT zastosowano wiązkę o energii 6 MeV dawka zadana to 67,5 Gy dla planowanje objętośi do napromieniania PTV stercz oraz 45 Gy dla PTV węzły w 30 frakcjach (Planning Target Volume). Wartości różnic w dawkach pomiędzy planami VMAT i IMRT dla objętości PTV nie przekraczały akceptowalnej granicy ~ 2%. Dla narządów krytycznych różnica w dawce mieściła się w granicach dawek tolerancji zawartych w raporcie QUANTEC (Quantitative Analyses of Normal Tissue Effects in the Clinic). Wartości wskaźnika konformalności CI (Conformity Index) dla planów w technice VMAT znajdowały się w przedziale 0,53-0,58, a dla planów w technice IMRT pomiędzy 0,49, a 0,54. Sumaryczna liczba jednostek monitorowych dla techniki VMAT wynosiła pomiędzy 626 MU, a 777 MU dla planów w IMRT minimalna liczba MU wynosiła 2013 MU, a maksymalna 2766 MU. Badanie wykazało, że pomimo niewielkich różnic uzyskanych dla dawek w narządach krytycznych mieszczących się w kryteriach dawek tolerancji oraz dłuższym czasem napromieniania, technika SIB-IMRT, może być stosowana jako alternatywny plan leczenia pacjenta, nie obniżając jakości leczenia.
Mutual Prodrugs - Codrugs
Authors: Nudelman Abraham 
Published: December 2022

Abstract:
This review encapsulates an extensive variety of substances identified as mutual
prodrugs or codrugs, wherein two, or sometimes three, biologically active moieties are
linked using an assortment of metabolically unstable bridging entities. Following the administration
of the mutual prodrugs, these undergo a bridge cleavage releasing the active
molecules, which then elicit their respective biological effects. In some cases, the released
drugs act synergistically, other times the biological activity of only one of the drugs is
elicited, and in such cases, the accompanying drug serves only as a carrier, which may
have an affinity to the desired receptor. The most promising results are commonly observed
when the two released drugs are efficacious at similar concentrations and particularly
when the two drugs are effective against similar diseases. For instance, the best results
are observed, when two analgesics, two anticancer agents, two drugs for the treatment
of cardiac conditions, etc., are the substances comprising the codrug. Mutual prodrugs/
codrugs described herein have been reported, primarily since the year 2000, as potential
drugs for use against a plethora of diseases including pain, inflammation, cancer,
bacterial infections, sickle cell anemia, Alzheimer’s disease, and others.
Pyocyanin is the Microbial Blue-green Pigment: A Review on its History,
Virulence, and Therapeutic Use
Authors: Sahoo Sameer Ranjan , Pradhan Arun Kumar , Das Rohit Pritam , Panigrahi Lipsa Leena , Arakha Manoranjan 
Published: December 2022

Background:
P. aeruginosa, has been frequently connected to immune-compromised
individuals. Dynamic electrochemical metabolite assists in the creation of biofilms, the production
of genes, and the maintenance of bacterial cells. The bacteria produce several phenazine derivatives,
as well as the blue-green pigment pyocyanin, which works as a signalling molecule in quorum
signalling and virulence factors.

Objective:
This review paper intends to give information on the compound's history, virulence
mechanism, current biological horizon opened, as well as antagonism and bio-control actions in
other bacteria. Current industrial trends and the prospects of pyocyanin-based development were
also analysed.

Methods:
A bibliographic search of scientific literature published up to 2020 was conducted using
scientific databases and search engines. Pyocyanin, phenazine, Pseudomonas, virulence, quorum
signalling, health, in vivo, and clinical investigations were among the keywords used in various
combinations. The data were retrieved independently from eligible papers using the usual data
extraction approach.

Results:
Due to pyocyanin's antibacterial properties, the pharmaceutical industry is predicted to
grow faster than other businesses. P. aeruginosa which has had its respiratory chain altered by
protonated 3,5-dichlorophenol in water can be used as a biosensor. Cellular systems exposed to the
chemical experience increased oxidative stress, which leads to gradual apoptosis. Pyocyanin is
engaged in bacterial signalling processes, influencing colony shape and alarming innate immune
cells.

Conclusion:
Focused research on the virulence factor is required, as the specific contribution remains
unknown. The link between biological and therapeutic features needed well description to
determine the precise action mechanism(s) to design novel medications.
Comparative Study of Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field,
Radiation, and Temozolomide Administration in Spheroid and Monolayer
Forms of the Glioblastoma Cell Line (T98)
Authors: Yahyapour Rasoul , Khoei Samideh , Kordestani Zeinab , Larizadeh Mohammad Hasan , Jomehzadeh Ali , Amirinejad Maryam , Ahmadi-Zeidabadi Meysam 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the central
nervous system. The patient's median survival rate is 13.5 months, so it is necessary to explore
new therapeutic approaches.

Objective:
Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) has been explored as a noninvasive
cancer treatment. This study applied the EMF with previous conventional chemoradiotherapy
for glioblastoma.

Methods:
In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxic effects of EMF (50 Hz, 100 G), temozolomide
(TMZ), and radiation (Rad) on gene expression of T98 glioma cell lines in monolayer and spheroid
cell cultures.

Results:
Treatment with Rad and EMF significantly increased apoptosis-related gene expression
compared to the control group in monolayers and spheroids (p<0.001). The expression of
apoptotic-related genes in monolayers was higher than the similar spheroid groups (p<0.001). We
found that treatment with TMZ and EMF could increase the gene expression of the autophagy cascade
markers compared to the control group (p<0.001). Autophagy-related gene expression in
spheroids was higher than in the similar monolayer group (p<0.001). We demonstrated that coadministration
of EMF, TMZ, and Rad significantly reduced cell cycle and drug resistance gene
expression in monolayers and spheroids (p<0.001) compared to the control group.

Conclusion:
The combinational use of TMZ, Rad and, EMF showed the highest antitumor activity
by inducing apoptosis and autophagy signaling pathways and inhibiting cell cycle and drug resistance
gene expression. Furthermore, EMF increased TMZ or radiation efficiency.
Aging, Sleep and Sleepiness Self-Assessment, and the Underlying Drives
for Sleep and Wake
Authors: Putilov Arcady A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract:
In 2016, a mini-issue of Current Aging Science (CAS) entitled “Effects of Aging on
Circadian and Sleep Timing” has been published to report the state of the art in the studies of the
effects of aging on the circadian and sleep regulating processes. The emphasis has been given to
the regulatory processes involved in age-specific problems with sleep timing, continuity, and duration.
Such problems can serve as targets for novel treatments for geriatric and sleep disorders. In
the following 6 years, some new findings provided further insight into the previously recognized
age-specific problems and highlighted new questions of research on the relation of aging to the
regulatory mechanisms underlying circadian rhythmicity, sleep, and sleepiness. The theoretic
framework of one of the directions of this research regards the interaction between the competing
drives for sleep and wake as one of the basic features of regulatory processes underlying circadian
rhythms, including such rhythms as the sleep-wake cycle and the diurnal variation in alertnesssleepiness
levels. Here, earlier and more recently highlighted questions of the research in this
framework were briefly reviewed.
A Systematic Review Study on the Effectiveness of Medicinal Plants
Against Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Manouchehri Aliasghar , Marzban Abdolrazagh , Lashgarian Hamed Esmaeil , Alhameedawi Alaa Kamil , Shakib Pegah 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic bacterium capable of causing
nosocomial infections resistant to a wide range of antibiotics. Herbal medicines could become the
source of novel therapies for antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This review paper aimed to survey the effectiveness
of medicinal plants in treating infections caused by A. baumannii.

Methods:
The relevant data was obtained by systematically searching PubMed, ISI Web of Science,
Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases with the specific keywords of medicinal plants
(including extracts and essential oils) and bacterial infections (including A. baumannii).

Results:
The present review identified 23 studies published between 2009 and 2021 that discussed the
effectiveness of medicinal plants in inhibiting the growth of A. baumannii. In these studies, 28 medicinal
plants were found effective against infection caused by A. baumannii in vivo.

Conclusion:
The results of this review indicated that to develop a therapeutic strategy for treating bacterial
infections, especially A. baumannii, based on medicinal plants, extensive studies were required
to determine their cytotoxicity and therapeutic dosage before they could be used as an alternative to
antibiotics.
Esophageal Angiodysplasia: A Strange Place for One of Those!
Authors: Sarsour Nadeen Y. , Adejumo Adeyinka C. , Malik Shahid M. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Angiodysplasia, also known as angioectasia, is the most common vascular malformation of the gastrointestinal tract, most often found in patients above the age of sixty. Patients with cirrhosis are at increased risk of bleeding and re-bleeding of these lesions. Angiodysplasias can be found throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and are uncommonly found in the esophagus. The recommended treatment for these lesions is Argon Plasma Coagulation (APC); however, there are numerous mechanical and medical strategies that can also be used to treat angiodysplasia.

Case presentation:
This is a case of a 65-year-old woman with decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis and a history of recurrent GI bleeding complicated by hemorrhagic shock presented for anemia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) following her hospitalization was remarkable for bleeding esophageal and gastric angiodysplasias that were successfully treated with APC. The patient returned months later with a recurrent upper GI bleed with EGD, colonoscopy, and video capsule remarkable for angiodysplasias throughout the gastric body, small bowel, and colon without recurrence of the esophageal angiodysplasia.

Conclusion:
The purpose of this case is to demonstrate a rare but possible cause of upper GI bleed in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. While angiodysplasia can occur commonly in the stomach, small bowel, and colon, esophageal angioectasia can occur and contribute to a recurrent GI bleed. These should be considered in the differential diagnosis of upper GI bleed and anemia.
SOCIAL PRACTICE OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN SOCIETY (CASE STUDY IN PADANG CITY)
Authors: Maihasni Maihasni , Fachrina Fachrina , Anggraini Nini 
Published: December 2022

There is not a day without sexual violence to children in mass media. Some people think that Indonesia has emergency case of sexual violence. Padang city is belong to this phenomena, such as 5 students of elementary school were victims of sexual harassment by a sports teacher, sexual harassment in public transportation, sodomy of 3 students, rape of a disabled woman by her brother-in-law, and rape by her stepfather, parking attendant and employer. The worst case is a sexual harassment by legislative candidate in 2018 and 2 bilogical children by their father in 2020. Government and non-Governmental institutions have been doing many efforts to prevent and cope of sexual violence. However, cases still happen. For this reason, the study tried to analyze why sexual violence still occurs even though various efforts have been made. The study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. The selection of informants used purposive sampling. Data collection used depth interviews and literature review. The results found that sexual violence occurs in girls under the age of 12 years. The actors are dominated by the closest people such as father, siblings, uncles, teachers, neighbors and a official. The encourage factors of sexual violence in the community are related to the mentality of the perpetrator, powerlessness of the victim, lack of communication and social control of parents, lack of religious knowledge, pornography and poverty. Meanwhile, the disencourage factors of sexual violence itself, such as; sex education, doing positive activities, social control and sanctions and severe punishment for perpetrator.
Minangkabau Local Wisdom In Marosok Tradition
Authors: Siska Felia , Sapriya Sapriya , Supriatna Nana , Ratmaningsih Neiny 
Published: December 2022

The Minangkabau community has various types of unique and distinctive local wisdom. However, with the times, local wisdom is not widely known by the public, especially the younger generation. The marosok tradition in the cattle market is a form of unique Minangkabau local wisdom and is a Minangkabau cultural identity that is full of life values. The purpose of this study is to identify the values of local wisdom in the marosok tradition. This study uses descriptive qualitative research methods. Data collection techniques are interviews, observations, and interviews. The informants of this research are livestock traders, managers, and students of MTsN Palangki. Data analysis techniques are data reduction, data verification, and drawing conclusions. The results show that Minangkabau local wisdom in the marosok tradition is based on the philosophy of "Alam Takambang Jadi Guru". The sale and purchase transaction of livestock using the marosok system which is preserved from generation to generation aims to prioritize mutual benefits, mutual respect, raso jo pareso. This tradition contains entrepreneurial character values, namely hard work, responsibility, persistence, ingenuity, and honesty. This tradition is preserved: 1). culture experience, direct experience in the field, livestock traders teach their children and nephews 2). Culture knowledge, namely introducing this tradition through socialization to the younger generation, film media, cultural tourism, and other traditional activities. So, it can be concluded that the marosok tradition is a characteristic and as a Minangkabau cultural identity that must be preserved through learning in schools.
A Case Report on Multiple Adverse Events Associated with Systemic Usage of Dexamethasone
Authors: Poludasari Shravan Kumar , Sridevi CH. 
Published: December 2022

Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid used in the management of various allergic conditions, inflammatory and autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy, multiple sclerosis, cerebral edema. ADRs associated usage of corticosteroids includes steroid-induced hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, dyslipidemia, steroid-induced Cushing syndrome, cataracts, increased risk of infections, and thinning of the skin. Cushing's syndrome is a hormonal disorder triggered due to chronic exposure of body tissues to high levels of cortisol. As corticosteroids are widely used by physicians for the management of various inflammatory disorders, patients must be warned about the possible ADRs associated with chronic use. In summary, this is a case of a patient who developed multiple adverse events after usage of dexamethasone that is evident by clinical features and laboratory investigations for which the patient was successfully provided with symptomatic and supportive care.
Keywords: Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR), Buffalo hump, Hyperglycaemia, Osteoporosis.