bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral Presentation No. 53 Dose-related preprocedural patency of the infarct-related artery after zalunfiban (RUC-4) administration upon arrival at the catheterization laboratory in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: insights from the phase IIa study
Authors: Rikken Sem A O F , Bor W L , Zheng K L , Gibson C M , Granger C B , Coller B S , Bentur O , Lobatto R , Postma S , Van 't Hof A W J , Ten Berg J M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The importance of time to reperfusion after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is well established. Pre-hospital use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) inhibitors improves pre-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) perfusion rates, but they require intravenous administration and continuous infusions and so are difficult for ambulance services to administer. Zalunfiban (RUC-4) is a novel, subcutaneously administered, GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor specifically developed to facilitate pre-hospital administration, thereby maximizing the chance for early reperfusion. This sub-analysis investigated the incidence of complete reperfusion (TIMI grade 3 flow) before primary PCI in patients treated with zalunfiban on arrival at the catheterization laboratory as a function of the dose of zalunfiban.

Material and methods
This was a prospective, single-centre, open-label, phase IIa study designed to assess the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and tolerability of zalunfiban in patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI. Zalunfiban was administered immediately upon arrival at the catheterization lab, which was ∼10–15 minutes before the initial angiogram used to assess TIMI grade flow.

Results and conclusion
A total of 27 patients received a weight-adjusted subcutaneous injection of zalunfiban in escalating doses (0.075 mg/kg [n = 8], 0.090 mg/kg [n = 9], or 0.110 mg/kg [n = 10]). Of these, 25 patients were evaluable for angiographic analysis. TIMI flow grade 3 pre-PCI was observed in 1/7, 2/9 and 5/9 patients and showed a dose-related effect (Ptrend = 0.04). The ongoing international, phase III, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, CELEBRATE trial is designed to assess whether a single, ambulance-based pre-hospital injection of zalunfiban results in improved clinical outcome.

Funding
This study was supported by CeleCor Therapeutics.
Oral Presentation No. 55 Is White Blood Count a Good Marker to Coronary Disease Risk?
Authors: Sá Débora , Dos Reis Roberto Palma , Temtem Margarida , Santos Marina , Sousa Ana Célia , Freitas Sónia , Henriques Eva , Rodrigues Mariana , Borges Sofia , Ornelas Ilídio , Drumond António , Mendonça Maria Isabel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
High white blood cells (WBC) count is a well-recognized indicator of inflammation. Previous research has considered it a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Other new inflammatory risk markers are expensive to test, are not readily available, lack standardization and have not been confirmed as risk markers by multiple prospective studies. We aim to investigate whether elevated WBC count representsan independent risk factor for CAD in our Portuguese population.

Material and methods
A case-control study with 3,160 individuals (mean age 53.1 ± 7.8; 77.6% male), namely 1,723 coronary patients and 1,437 controls, was performed. Together with WBC, the following CAD risk factors were analyzed: smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and obesity through bivariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression evaluated the independent risk factors for CAD.

Results and conclusions
Comparing cases with controls, 47.2% were smokers vs. 23.8% (P &lt; 0.0001); 71.0% were hypertensive individuals vs. 52.3% (P &lt; 0.0001); 89.0% had dyslipidemiavs 70.4% (P &lt; 0.0001); 33.8% had diabetes vs. 13.2% (P &lt; 0.0001) and 34.2% were obese patients vs. 28.9% (P = 0.001). After multivariate regression, smoking (OR = 3.14, P &lt; 0.0001), diabetes (OR = 2.89, P &lt; 0.0001), dyslipidemia (OR = 2.72, P &lt; 0.0001), hypertension (OR = 1.95, P &lt; 0.0001) and WBC (OR = 1.05, P = 0.035) remained as independent risk factors for CAD. Elevated white blood counts are associated with CAD risk in our population. This marker is inexpensive, widely available and may further predict inflammation and coronaryartery disease risk.
Poster No. 004 Cardiovascular and metabolic effects of ovarian suppression as adjuvant therapy for early breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gue Ying 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Adjuvant endocrine therapy is key treatment in early oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer (BC). In premenopausal BC ovarian function suppression (OFS) in combination with tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitor (AI) is commonly used, particularly in high-risk patients who have received chemotherapy. The profound suppression of circulating oestradiol associated with OFS could have adverse cardiovascular and metabolic effects, We aim to evaluate the reported adverse effects within randomised phase III trials in premenopausal women with BC.

Methods
A systematic search of online databases was conducted to identify randomised control trials (RCTs) involving OFS which reported adverse events (hypertension, weight gain, thrombosis, cardiac ischemia, glucose intolerance and hyperglyacemia). Pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using a random-effects model.

Results
Four RCTs were included in the metanalysis with a total of 7808 patients, separated into 3 main treatment groups: Tamoxifen, OFS plus Tamoxifen and OFS plus AI. We found that OFS increased risk of hypertension when compared to Tamoxifen alone (7.6% vs. .4.8%, OR 1.49,95%CI 1.09–2.01; P = 0.01). Tamoxifen with OFS increased risk of thrombosis when compared to AI with OFS (1.7% vs. .0.7%, OR 2.87,95%CI 1.19–6.9; P = 0.02).

Conclusions
This highlights the possible impact of OFS in premenopausal women as it increases risk of developing hypertension which may require closer monitoring and initiation of early treatment. There appears to be a protective effect of AI when compared to Tamoxifen in terms of thrombosis. Further studies are needed to explore the impact of these drugs on the cardiovascular health of these young women with BC.
Poster No. 012 Premature myocardial infarction: a decade-long analysis of patients admitted to a single-center coronary care unit
Authors: Lopes Vanessa , Moreira Nádia , Fernandes Rafaela , Cunha Gil , Costa Gonçalo , Monteiro Eric , Fernandes Diogo , Guimarães Joana , Ferreira João , Milner James , Marinho Vera , Monteiro Sílvia , Monteiro Pedro , Gonçalves Francisco , Gonçalves Lino 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Despite being primarily a disease of older patients, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been increasingly recognized in young individuals. This study sought to characterize and determine the prognosis of AMI in patients aged ≤ 45 years old.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed patients consecutively admitted to the coronary care unit with AMI. Two groups were identified: patients aged ≤ 45 and &gt; 45 years old.

Results and conclusions
A total of 5696 AMI patients were included in the analysis: median age of 70 (IQR 19) years and 68.6% (n = 3906) were male; 5.6% (n = 318) of patients were aged ≤ 45 years old.
In contrast to the older patients, those aged ≤ 45 years old were more likely to be male (P &lt; 0.001), presented more often with a history of smoking (P &lt; 0.001), and family history of premature coronary artery disease (P &lt; 0.001), but less often hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes.
In coronary angiography, most younger patients presented a single-vessel disease (57.1%), more commonly affecting the left anterior descending artery (51.7%); left main involvement was rare (0.8%); and 14.2% presented MINOCA (vs. 11.4% of older patients).
Regarding prognosis, 6.4% (n = 366) of patients died in the hospital and 24.2% (n = 1380) died during the 5-year follow-up. Younger patients had a lower risk of in-hospital mortality (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.09–541, P = 0.001) and 5-year mortality (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.06–0.201, P &lt; 0.001), compared to the older patients.
In conclusion, patients with premature AMI have a different proportion of risk factors, less extensive coronary artery disease, and more commonly present MINOCA, compared to the older patients.
Poster No. 013 Development of Small and Wide Angle X-ray Scattering to Investigate the Stability of Atherosclerotic Plaque
Authors: Mackley Rebecca , Schiller Tara 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is often described as a single disease entity however the size and composition of each plaque is unique to the individual. Thus, the field currently lacks a technique that can discriminate stable form unstable plaques to identify those being at risk of suffering a thromboembolic event in the near future. There exists a perfect opportunity to develop a non-invasive imaging technique or device that would be able to discriminate between different plaques at multiple locations in an artery. Such a device requires extensive chemical, structural, and spatial information available on the different plaque components to define the stability of the plaque. With informed consent and approved ethics, human carotid endarterectomy specimens were collected, fixed and mounted in Kapton tape, which is an ideal substrate for use with x-rays. Small-angle x-ray scattering was used to gather information on the size, shape and structure of the constituents of a plaque such as collagen and lipid-based materials. Then wide-angle x-ray scattering was used to readily determine the crystalline materials such as crystalline cholesterol and hydroxyapatite. Results currently indicate that this technique can discriminate between crystalline cholesterol, cholesteryl esters, phospholipids, collagen, elastin, hydroxyapatite and other calcium-based salts. This technique can map across the face of the plaque indicating the co-location of materials. In particular, for the crystalline materials, the crystalline planes can be indexed showing how the material grows in the plaque. Relating this information back to patient data can help identify features of a vulnerable plaque.

Funding sources
Medical Research Council, UK.
Poster No. 018 Association of Cytochrome P450 2C19 polymorphisms with ischemic and bleeding risk in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Gjermeni Diona , Szabo Sofia , Anfang Viktoria , Vetter Hannah Theresa , Juelch Carina , Leggewie Stefan , Hesselbarth David , Trenk Dietmar , Duerschmied Daniel , Olivier Christoph B 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) receive clopidogrel and direct oral anticoagulation. Platelet inhibition by clopidogrel varies according to CYP2C19 genotype. This study aimed to investigate the association of CYP2C19 genotype with antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel and ischemic and bleeding risk.

Methods
In this prospective observational study, patients with AF after PCI were grouped according to CYP2C19*2 and *17 diplotypes: *2/non-17* or *2/*2 as reduced metabolizers (RM), non-*2/*17 or *17/*17 as increased metabolizers (IM), and the remaining as normal metabolizers (NM). Platelet aggregation [U] was quantified by multiple electrode aggregometry. The primary outcome was time to death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (MACE) at 6 months. The secondary outcome was time to non-major clinically relevant (NMCR) or major bleedings.

Results
156 patients were enrolled between May 2020 and May 2021. The median age was 78 years (interquartile range, IQR 71–82) and 109 (70%) were male. 31 patients (20%) were RM, 74 patients (47%) NM and 51 patients (33%) IM. The median ADP-induced platelet aggregation was not significantly different across these groups (RM: 12.8 [U]; NM: vs. 12.8 [U]; IM: 11.7 [U]; P = 0.39).The primary outcome occurred in 11 (7%) patients (RM: 1 [3%]; NM: 7 [9%]; IM 3[6%]). The secondary outcome occured in 3 RM (10%) and in 20 (16%) with NM + IM subtypes (HR 0.65 [95% CI 0.19–2.18], P = 0.485).

Conclusion
In this analysis reduced metabolizers were not at excessively increased risk of MACE. A trend for less bleeding was observed in carriers of loss-of-function allele CYP2C19*2.
Poster No. 045 The role of 24-h Holter monitoring in thrombosis – a single-centre subanalysis in the young
Authors: Gonçalves Carolina Miguel , Vazão Adriana , Carvalho Mariana , Fernandes Sara , Cabral Margarida , Carvalho Rita , Martins Hélia , Saraiva Fátima , Morais João 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Undercovering the etiology responsible for pathologic states is of the uttermost importance, especially regarding young people. Arterial and venous thromboembolism may have an impact on morbidity and mortality, enhancing the need to prevent recurrences.

Material and methods
Retrospective, single-centre analysis of 24-h Holter monitoring in patients with thrombotic events and less than 40 years during a 5-year period, using IBM® SPSS® software to perform descriptive analysis.

Results and conclusions
Thrombosis was the reason for requesting 24-h Holter monitoring in 7% (n = 41) from a total of 581 exams screened – 68.3% had a stroke, 6% a transient ischemic stroke, 4.9% a pulmonary embolism, 4.9% an intestinal ischemia and 2.4% had both pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis. Patients had a median age of 35 ± 6 years, 63.7% were male and past medical history consisted of cardiovascular risk factors, particularly smoking (36.6%), high blood pressure (19.5%) and dyslipidemia (12.2%).
Merely 4.9% had a diagnostic finding – atrial flutter and second-degree atrioventricular block Mobitz II. On the other hand, autoimmune tests were altered in 12.2% and echocardiogram revealed patent foramen ovale, atrial septum aneurysm and interatrial septum bulging with shunt in 9.8%, 2.4% and 2.4%, respectively. Regarding management, 78% were medicated with aspirin or anticoagulant and 4.9% were submitted to percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale.
Despite low prevalence of diagnostic findings, Holter monitoring is an important complementary exam that can have therapeutic implications in these cases and, consequently, in preventing new events.
Poster No. 049 Cardiopreventive influence of Klotho protein on antioxidant and anti-apoptotic mechanisms in heart injured by ischemia/reperfusion
Authors: Olejnik Agnieszka , Banaszkiewicz Marta , Radajewska Anna , Bil-Lula Iwona 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) of heart involves activation of oxidative and apoptotic pathways. Klotho protein has potential protective activity since it supports redox balance and metabolic functions of cardiomyocytes. This study aimed to evaluate effect of Klotho protein on oxidative stress and apoptosis in hearts subjected to IRI.

Material and methods
Isolated rat hearts perfused with the Langendorff method were subjected to ischemia, followed by reperfusion, in presence or absence of Klotho protein. Heart mechanical function and factors involved in the activation of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGFR-1)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway were evaluated.

Results
Infusion supply of Klotho significantly increased (P = 0.001) mechanical function of hearts injured by IRI. IRI caused activation of IGFR-1/PI3K signalling pathway (P = 0.004; P = 0.003), while Klotho suppressed phosphorylation of IGFR-1 (P = 0.208) and PI3K (P = 0.022). Transcriptional activity of forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) and FOXO3 was reduced (P = 0.002; P &lt; 0.001) in IRI hearts. Administration of Klotho decreased phosphorylation of FOXO1 (P = 0.587) and FOXO3 (P = 0.027) in IRI + Klotho group, while activity of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase was increased (P = 0.045; P = 0.006), and level of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation was slightly decreased (P = 0.502; P = 0.436), as compared to IRI hearts. Klotho protein contributed to reduction in caspase-9 level (P = 0.009) during IRI.

Conclusion
Administration of Klotho resulted in full preservation of heart mechanical function, and suppression of oxidative stress and apoptosis in IRI hearts. Thus, Klotho can be recognized as a novel cardiopreventive agent in ischemic damage.

Funding
Ministry of Science and Higher Education in Poland [grant number SUBK.D010.22.035].
Oral Presentation No. 083 Coronary Aspiration Thrombectomy: bringing back the old kid on the block
Authors: de Almeida António Rocha , Neves David , Figueiredo Marta , Sousa Miguel Carias , Cláudio Francisco , Rocha Rita , Trinca Manuel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Traditionally, routine thrombus aspiration during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed to prevent distal embolization and protect microvascular perfusion. However, recent trials showed no clinical benefits (except if high thrombotic burden). Despite not being routinely recommended, thrombus aspiration should still be considered in highly thrombotic circumstances.

Material and methods
Prospective cohort of 50 patients admitted to primary PCI, with aspiration thrombectomy (AT), between 2019–2022, was analyzed. In evidence of high thrombotic burden, AT was performed, if technically possible. Success was evaluated angiographically and by TIMI flow improvement. Safety was assessed by neurologic evaluation, verified CT-scan, in 30 days follow-up.

Results and conclusions
50 patients were analyzed, with mean age of 59,6 ± 1,8 years, being 22% women (n = 11). 88% (n = 44) presented ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction Killip 1, 2% (n = 1) Killip 3 and 10% (n = 5) Killip 4. There was thrombus aspiration angiographic evidence in 76% (n = 38) and TIMI flow increase in 82% (n = 41) cases with median improvement of 2 [IR 1,3]. In 20% (n = 10) cases, stent wasn't implanted. There was significant statistical association between no stent PCI and angiographical thrombus reduction (P &lt; 0,05, OR 3,86). There were no deaths, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), or neurologic complications in any patient (n = 0) within 30 days.
Routine coronary AT shouldn't be performed. It is useful, however, in selected cases with evidence of angiographic thrombus aspiration and TIMI flow improvement. Successful AT was associated with no stent PCI. Regarding safety, there was no statistically significant increase of death of any cause, MACE, or stroke.
Oral Presentation No. 090 Pleiotropic effect of antiplatelet ticagrelor: expression of CYP4F2 in HUVEC and HepG2
Authors: Ciapiene Ieva , Meskauskaite Ugne , Andruskeviciute Silvija , Lesauskaite Vaiva , Tatarunas Vacis 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Ticagrelor is a first drug of a new chemical class cyclopentyltriazolopyrimidines and a third-generation P2Y12 inhibitor that targets and directly binds platelet P2Y12 receptors. It is recommended to be given as a dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin for the prevention of thrombotic events and the following ischemic heart disease. Ticagrelor is also known to have pleiotropic effects of unknown mechanisms. It is questioned whether ticagrelor could influence the expression of cytochrome P450 4F2 (CYP4F2) enzyme involved in the resolution of inflammation and biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids. This study aimed to investigate if ticagrelor could alter the expression of CYP4F2 and its encoded protein concentration in both endothelial cells (human umbilical vein endothelial cells, HUVEC) and the metabolism of various xenobiotics performing, CYPs-rich liver cells (HepG2).

Material and methods
The expression of CYP4F2 was determined in HUVEC and HepG2 cell lines by qPCR on real time thermal cycler ABI 7900HT (Applied Biosystems, USA). CYP4F2 protein concentration was determined with sandwich enzyme immunoassay kit for CYP4F2 (Cloud-Clone Corp., USA).

Results and conclusions
Ticagrelor was observed to reduce the expression of CYP4F2 in HUVEC and HepG2 cell lines. It also reduced CYP4F2 protein levels in HUVEC cells. Thus, ticagrelor may have a protective role in endothelial cells and reduce vascular inflammation.

Funding sources
This work was supported by the Research Council of Lithuania under Grant 09.3.3.-LMT-K-712-16-0187.
Poster No. 094 Age-dependent decline in common femoral artery flow-mediated dilation and wall shear stress in healthy subjects
Authors: Bapir Mariam , Skene Simon S , Campagnolo Paola , Heiss Christian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Femoral artery (FA) endothelial function is a promising biomarker for peripheral artery disease (PAD) prevention. We assessed FA flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in healthy adults of various ages.

Material and methods
Repeated common FA and brachial artery (BA) FMD measurements were performed with ultrasound induced by5 minutes distal cuff occlusion (thigh, calf, forearm) to assess intra- and interindividual variability and acceptability (n = 10). We then performeda cross-sectional study with FA- and BA-FMD measurements in healthy participants aged 18–80 (n = 53).

Results and conclusions
All FMD protocols had good reproducibility with average deviation of −0.1% (SD 0.6%, 0.9%, 0.6%) but thigh occlusion was less well tolerated. BA- and FA-FMD with thigh occlusion did not significantly differ while FA-FMD with calf occlusion was significantly lower (−1.0 ± 0.9%).
Both FA-FMD and BA-FMD inversely correlated with age and baseline diameter and positively with wall shear stress (WSS). FA-FMD and BA-FMD correlated significantly (r = 0.57, P &lt; 0.001). The baseline diameter was significantly greater in the FA as compared to the BA while the WSS was significantly lower. At the onset of reactive hyperaemia, the mean flow velocity, WSS and flow reserve were lower in the FA as compared to the BA. A large proportion of FA WSS values in older participants were below 5 dyne/ cm2 which is regarded as pro-atherogenic.
FA endothelial function declines with age in parallel with the BA. FAs exhibits stronger age-dependent enlargement as compared to the BA leading to a critical decrease in WSS that may explain part of the age-dependent predisposition for PAD.
Oral Presentation No. 105 Endothelial dysfunction and alterations in erythrocyte function in a murine model of chronic heart failure
Authors: Mohaissen Tasnim 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Endothelial dysfunction (ED) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) are both prognostic factors in heart failure (HF), but the relationship between them is not clear. In this study, we used a unique mouse model of HF to characterize the relationship between the development of peripheral ED and the occurrence of structural nanomechanical and biochemical changes in red blood cells (RBCs).

Methods and results
Systemic ED was detected in vivo in 8-month-old Tgαq*44 mice, as evidenced by impaired acetylcholine-induced vasodilation in the aorta. ED in the aorta was associated with impaired nitric oxide (NO) production in the aorta and diminished systemic NO bioavailability (characterized by increased superoxide and eicosanoid production). In 4- to 6-month-old Tgαq*44 mice, RBC size and membrane composition displayed alterations that did't result in significant changes in their nanomechanical and functional properties. However, 8-month- old Tgαq*44 mice presented accentuated structural, size changes and increased RBC stiffness. In 12-month-old Tgαq*44 mice, the erythropathy was featured by altered RBC shape and elasticity, increased RDW, impaired RBC deformability. Moreover, RBCs taken from 12-month-old Tgαq*44 mice, coincubated with aortic rings from FVB mice, induced impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation and this effect was partially reversed by arginase inhibitor.

Conclusion
In the Tgαq*44 murine model of HF, systemic ED accelerates erythropathy and, conversely, erythropathy may contribute to ED. These results suggest that erythropathy may be regarded as a marker and a mediator of systemic ED in HF. RBC arginase and possibly other RBC-mediated mechanisms may represent novel therapeutic targets for systemic ED in HF.