bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Planning processing in ADHD with comorbid reading disabilities is worse than in ADHD: Based on Das-Naglieri Cognitive Assessment System
Authors: Zhang Zunwei , Feng Junyan , Xue Yang , Jia Feiyong , Wang Tiantian 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo explore and compare the cognitive processing weakness of children with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and comorbid reading disabilities (RD) (ADHD+RD) and children with ADHD only using the Das-Naglieri Cognitive Assessment System (DN:CAS).MethodsEighty-eight children with ADHD who visited the hospital for the first time from September 2021 to November 2021 and had a Full scale intelligence quotient (IQ) of ≥85 on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children revised in China (C-WISC) were selected (Age: 6–12 years; Grade: 2–6). Based on comorbidity with RD and the subtypes of ADHD (e.g., Inattention dominant type, ADHD-I, Hyperactivity/Impulse dominant type, ADHD-H and Combined type, ADHD-C), these children were divided into the ADHD+RD group (n = 30) and ADHD group (n = 58) as well as the corresponding subgroups. Clinical data on gender, age, grade, IQ scores, and DN:CAS processing scores were compared between both groups/subgroups. Spearman's correlation test was used for correlation analysis of results of interest.ResultsNo differences in age, grade, male-to-female ratio, verbal IQ, performance IQ, and full scale IQ were observed between the ADHD+RD group and ADHD group as well as the corresponding subgroups (P &gt; 0.05). Children in the ADHD-C+RD subgroup had lower scores in Planning processing of DN:CAS than those in the ADHD-C subgroup (P = 0.040). However, there were no significant difference between the ADHD-I+RD subgroup and ADHD-I subgroup in Planning scores of DN:CAS assessment; The grade of ADHD-C+RD and ADHD-I+RD subgroups were positively correlated with the Planning scores of DN: CAS (r = 0.599, P = 0.030 and r = 0.508, P = 0.044, respectively). The grade of ADHD-C subgroup was positively correlated with the Planning and Simultaneous processing scores of DN: CAS (r = 0.409, P = 0.042 and r = 0.406, P = 0.044, respectively).ConclusionOur study confirmed that children of ADHD-C with comorbid RD have a more severe Planning processing weakness compared to children with ADHD-C only. Among the children of ADHD-C+RD, ADHD-I+RD and ADHD-C, such a Planning processing impairment may improve with increasing educational skills.
Retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics and risk factors of differentiated thyroid cancer in children
Authors: Chen Chun , Hang Lei , Wu Yan , Zhang Qing , Zhang Yifei , Yang Jun , Xie Jin , Lu Jingrong 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe incidence rate of children with thyroid cancer has an increasing trend. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and therapeutic approaches of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in Chinese children.Materials and methodsFrom January 1998 to March 2022, 52 cases undergoing surgical resection in Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University were divided by age (≤ 7 years old: n = 14 and 8–13 years old, n = 38). Treatment methods and clinical features were analyzed to evaluate prognostic factors for oncological outcomes.ResultsAmong the 52 cases, the proportion of local invasion in the pre-school group was found to be higher than that in the school-age group (p = 0.01). T stage was significantly different between the two groups (p ≤ 0.05); the proportion of T1–2 was higher in the school-age group (32 cases, 84.2%), while the proportion of T4 was higher in the pre-school group (6 cases, 42.8%) relatively. The postoperative complication rate was dramatically higher in pre-school children (p ≤ 0.05). Additionally, the total thyroidectomy rate in the non-recurrent group was slightly higher than that in the recurrent group (p ≤ 0.05). Over half of the recurrent cases had low T stage and low ATA (American Thyroid Association) risk levels at initial diagnosis (78.3 and 51.4%).ConclusionThe local invasion, tumor stage, and recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury rates of the pre-school group were higher than that of the school-age group, where young age served as a potential hazard in DTC children. Hence, surgeons should emphasize high-risk features and optimize individualized surgical procedures for DTC children.
Monitoring healthcare improvement for mothers and newborns: A quantitative review of WHO/UNICEF/UNFPA standards using Every Mother Every Newborn assessment tools
Authors: Siseho Gloria Mutimbwa , Mathole Thubelihle , Jackson Debra 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundAssessment tools with the ability to capture WHO/UNICEF/UNFPA standard quality-of-care measures are needed. This study aimed to assess the ability of Every Mother Every Newborn (EMEN) tools to capture WHO/UNICEF/UNFPA maternal and newborn quality improvement standard indicators.MethodsA quantitative study using the EMEN quality assessment framework was applied. The six EMEN tools were compared with the WHO/UNICEF/UNFPA maternal and newborn quality improvement standards. Descriptive statistics analysis was carried out with summaries using tables and figures.ResultsOverall, across all EMEN tools, 100% (164 of 164) input, 94% (103 of 110) output, and 97% (76 of 78) outcome measures were assessed. Standard 2 measures, i.e., actionable information systems, were 100% (17 of 17) completely assessed by the management interview, with 72% to 96% of standard 4–6 measures, i.e., client experiences of care, fulfilled by an exit interview tool.ConclusionThe EMEN tools can reasonably measure WHO/UNICEF/UNFPA quality standards. There was a high capacity of the tools to capture enabling policy environment and experiences of care measures not covered in other available tools which are used to measure the quality of care.
Bilateral cochlear implantation in a child with Waardenburg syndrome: A case report
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Xu Lin , Zhang Na , Zhao Ying 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundWaardenburg syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disorder that presents with clinical characteristics such as white forelock, congenital deafness, dystopia canthorum, and heterochromia iridis. It is mostly transmitted through an autosomal dominant mode, with a few genetic mutations. Children with WS often require surgical intervention at an early age and may have a difficult airway, which can be challenging for anesthesiologists.Case presentationWe report the anesthetic management during cochlear implantation in a 14-month-old girl with WS who weighed 9 kg. In addition to hearing loss and delayed speech, she presented with motor developmental delay, chewing and swallowing impairments, and dietary bucking. Resistance was encountered during tracheal intubation after anesthesia induction, and the tracheal tube was successfully intubated after rotation.ConclusionsWe report the anesthetic management during cochlear implantation in a child with WS, briefly describe the research advances related to WS, and discuss the optimization of the perioperative management of these children, including airway management, anesthesia-related complications, and the use of anesthetics.
Evaluation of an innovative low flow oxygen blender system for global access
Authors: Ng Ellie , Dundek Michelle , Burke Thomas F. 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundSafe and effective oxygen delivery methods are not available for the majority of infants and young children globally. A novel oxygen blender system was designed to accurately deliver concentration-controlled, oxygen-enriched air to hypoxemic children up to age five. The system does not require compressed medical air, is compatible with both oxygen tanks and oxygen concentrators, and is low cost. This is the first study that tested the performance of the innovative oxygen blender system.MethodsThe performance of the oxygen blender system was assessed in vitro based on delivered oxygen levels and flow rates with an oxygen tank, an oxygen tank using a nasal occlusion model, and an oxygen concentrator.ResultsThe measured %O2 of the performance test was within ± 5% of full scale (FS) of the target value across all flows and all nasal cannulas. Occlusion testing demonstrated that 50% occlusion did not significantly affect the system outputs. The oxygen blender system was shown to be compatible with both oxygen tanks and oxygen concentrators.ConclusionsThe novel oxygen blender system accurately controls oxygen concentrations and blended air flow rates, and is compatible with both oxygen tanks and oxygen concentrators. This innovation may be an opportunity for improved infant and child oxygen treatment worldwide.
Synergistic effects of natural products in combination with anticancer agents in prostate cancer: A scoping review
Authors: Cheon Chunhoo , Ko Seong-Gyu 
Published: September 2022

Background: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men and has the fourth highest mortality among men worldwide. Different combination therapies for cancer are being tested, and among them, the integration of natural products is increasing. This study reviews research on the combination of anticancer drugs and natural products for the treatment of prostate cancer and suggests future directions in this field.Methods: Articles were identified by searching the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Search keywords included the following: “Antineoplastic agents,” “Anticancer drug,” “Phytotherapy,” “Natural product,” “Drug synergism,” and “Synergistic effect”. The selection process focused on whether the differences in efficacy of anticancer drugs were evaluated when combined with natural products.Results: Nineteen studies were included. All 19 studies evaluated efficacy in vitro, as well as 10 in vivo. There were 13 studies on a single compound extracted from natural products, three studies on mushroom and herb extracts, and three studies on herbal medicines consisting of three herbs, and a dietary supplement containing 10 herbs. Cancer cell lines used were PC-3 in nine studies, LNCaP in six studies, C4-2 in five studies, DU-145 in four studies, and 22Rv1 in two studies. Anti-cancer drugs co-administered were as follows: docetaxel in nine studies, doxorubicin and enzalutamide in three studies, paclitaxel and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid in two studies, and cisplatin, vincristine, and bicalutamide in one study each.Conclusion: Although prostate cancer is prevalent worldwide, there are relatively few studies on the use of natural products with anticancer agents as treatment. Since it has reported that the efficacy of anticancer drugs is enhanced by coadministration of natural products, it is necessary to conduct further studies on this.
Chaihu Shugan powder alleviates liver inflammation and hepatic steatosis in NAFLD mice: A network pharmacology study and in vivo experimental validation
Authors: Lei Sisi , Zhao Shuai , Huang Xiaoyan , Feng Yuchao , Li Zhishang , Chen Li , Huang Peiying , Guan Hansu , Zhang Haobo , Wu Qihua , Chen Bojun 
Published: September 2022

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common metabolic disease and is intertwined with cardiovascular disorders and diabetes. Chaihu Shugan powder (CSP) is a traditional Chinese medicine with a significant therapeutic effect on metabolic diseases, such as NAFLD. However, its pharmacological mechanisms remain to be elucidated.Methods: The main compounds of CSP were measured using LC-MS/MS. A network pharmacology study was conducted on CSP. Its potential active ingredients were selected according to oral bioavailability, drug similarity indices, and phytochemical analysis. After obtaining the intersected genes between drug targets and disease-related targets, the component-disease-target network and protein-protein interaction analysis were visualized in Cytoscape. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed using the Metascape database. Six-week-old male C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat high-fructose diet for 16 weeks plus chronic immobilization stress for 2 weeks, an in vivo model, were administered CSP or saline intragastrically. Liver histology, triglyceride and cholesterol levels, ELISA, and RT-PCR were used to assess hepatic inflammation and steatosis. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were performed to assess protein levels.Results: A total of 130 potential target genes in CSP that act on NAFLD were identified through network pharmacology assays, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARG). KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the main pathways were involved in inflammatory pathways, such as the TNF and NF-κB signaling pathways, and metabolism-related pathways, such as the MAPK, HIF-1, FoxO, and AMPK signaling pathways. The results in vivo showed that CSP ameliorated liver inflammation and inhibited hepatic fatty acid synthesis in the hepatocyte steatosis model. More specifically, CSP therapy significantly inhibited the expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), accompanied by a decrease in TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) and the ligand availability of TNFR1.Conclusion: Through the combination of network pharmacology and in vivo validation, this study elucidated the therapeutic effect of CSP on NAFLD, decreasing liver inflammation and inhibiting hepatic fatty acid synthesis. More specifically, the anti-inflammatory action of CSP was at least partially mediated by inhibiting the TNFα/TNFR1 signaling pathway.
Integrated pyroptosis measurement and metabolomics to elucidate the effect and mechanism of tangzhiqing on atherosclerosis
Authors: Chen Rui , Chen Ting , Zhou Zhihuan , Song Zhihui , Feng Wanying , Yang Xintong , Wang Xianliang , Li Bin , Ding Xinya , Zhang Han , Wang Yi 
Published: September 2022

Tangzhiqing formula (TZQ) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescribed to treat glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. A significant effect of TZQ on diabetes and hyperlipidemia has been demonstrated, but its effect on atherosclerosis (AS) remains unknown. This study combines pyroptosis with metabolomics to elucidate the effect and mechanism of TZQ on AS. A model of AS was developed using ApoE−/− mice fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. After 6 weeks of atorvastatin (Ator) or TZQ treatment, aortic lumen diameter, aortic lesion size, serum lipid profile, cytokines, and Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis were analyzed. Serum metabolomics profiles were obtained to examine the effect of TZQ on AS and the correlation between pyroptosis and metabolites was further analyzed. As a result, TZQ significantly reduced the diameter of the common carotid artery during diastole and the blood flow velocity in the aorta during systole; reduced blood lipid levels, arterial vascular plaques, and the release of inflammatory cytokines; and inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. According to metabolomics profiling, TZQ is engaged in the treatment of AS via altering arachidonic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, steroid hormone production, and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. The cytochrome P450 enzyme family and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) are two major metabolic enzymes associated with pyroptosis.
Field based assessment of a tri-axial accelerometers validity to identify steps and reliability to quantify external load
Authors: Bursais Abdulmalek K. , Gentles Jeremy A. , Albujulaya Naif M. , Stone Michael H. 
Published: September 2022

Background: The monitoring of accelerometry derived load has received increased attention in recent years. However, the ability of such measures to quantify training load during sport-related activities is not well established. Thus, the current study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of tri-axial accelerometers to identify step count and quantify external load during several locomotor conditions including walking, jogging, and running.Method: Thirty physically active college students (height = 176.8 ± 6.1 cm, weight = 82.3 ± 12.8 kg) participated. Acceleration data was collected via two tri-axial accelerometers (Device A and B) sampling at 100 Hz, mounted closely together at the xiphoid process. Each participant completed two trials of straight-line walking, jogging, and running on a 20 m course. Device A was used to assess accelerometer validity to identify step count and the test-retest reliability of the instrument to quantify the external load. Device A and Device B were used to assess inter-device reliability. The reliability of accelerometry-derived metrics Impulse Load (IL) and Magnitude g (MAG) were assessed.Results: The instrument demonstrated a positive predictive value (PPV) ranging between 96.98%–99.41% and an agreement ranging between 93.08%–96.29% for step detection during all conditions. Good test-retest reliability was found with a coefficient of variation (CV) &lt;5% for IL and MAG during all locomotor conditions. Good inter-device reliability was also found for all locomotor conditions (IL and MAG CV &lt; 5%).Conclusion: This research indicates that tri-axial accelerometers can be used to identify steps and quantify external load when movement is completed at a range of speeds.
The role of microbiota in autism spectrum disorder: A bibliometric analysis based on original articles
Authors: Lin Xiaoling , Zhou Runjin , Liang Dandan , Xia Lingling , Zeng Liying , Chen Xiaogang 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundGastrointestinal (GI) symptoms can be observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children. It is suggested that the gut microbiota and its metabolites are associated, not only with GI symptoms, but also with behaviors of ASD. The aim of this study was to explore the development context, research hotspots and frontiers of gut microbiota and ASD from January 1, 1980 to April 1, 2022 by bibliometric analysis.Materials and methodsPublications of ASD and gut microbiota research from 1 January 1980 to 1 April 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Publications and citations trends were analyzed by Excel 2010. CiteSpace was used to analyze countries/regions, authors, institutes, references, and keywords and to visualize the knowledge map.ResultsA total of 1027 studies were retrieved, and 266 original articles were included after screening. The most published countries and institutes were the United States and King Saud University. Afaf El-Aansary published the most articles, while Finegold SM had the highest co-citations. Hotspots and emerging trends in this area may be indicated by co-cited references and keywords and their clusters, including “gut-brain axis,” “behavior,” “chain fatty acid,” “brain,” “feces,” “propionic acid,” “clostridium perfringens,” and “species clostridium innocuum.”ConclusionThe United States dominants the research in this field, which focuses on the alterations of gut microbiota composition and its metabolites, among which the roles of the genus Clostridium and metabolites of short-chain fatty acids, especially propionic acid, are priorities. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a promising complementary therapy. In general, research in this area is sparse, but it still has great research prospects.
Evaluating the implementation of the active life improving health behavior change program “BCP-VAMOS” in primary health care: Protocol of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial using the RE-AIM and CFIR frameworks
Authors: Konrad Lisandra Maria , Ribeiro Cezar Grontowski , Maciel Elaine Cristina , Tomicki Camila , Brito Fabiana Almeida , Almeida Fabio Araujo , Benedetti Tânia Rosane Bertoldo 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe effective translation of evidence-based interventions has contributed to implementing actions that impact public policies and the population's health. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding the factors associated with the successful implementation of these interventions. The Active Life Improving Health Behavior Change Program (BCP-VAMOS) uses behavioral strategies to promote an active and healthy lifestyle in the community. Characterized as a health innovation, it also provides health professionals with online training to implement the program in Primary Health Care (PHC). Our study describes a pragmatic trial that aims to evaluate the implementation of BCP-VAMOS, version 3.0, in PHC in southern Brazil.Methods and analysisA pragmatic randomized controlled trial (PRCT) of two arms comparing a group of PHC professionals who will participate in a traditional didactic approach (control group) vs. a group that will receive ongoing support (intervention group) for the implementation of BCP-VAMOS. The intervention will be available to adults (≥18 years old) registered at PHC. Program recipient's will be assessed at baseline and post-intervention (9 months after) to measure markers of physical activity and eating behavior (primary outcomes). Program's implementation process will be monitored for 12 months and will be evaluated using the RE-AIM and Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) frameworks.DiscussionsThe survey findings can be used widely throughout Brazil, guiding the work of health professionals, service planners and policy-makers. Also, the results may help to inform the national health promotion policy to plan interventions and improve the implementation of programs in PHC. This research results will provide practical guidance for researchers to develop similar protocols to implement and adapt public health interventions.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been granted by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Brazil, under no. 1394492. Results will be published in full as open access in the UFSC library and main trial results and associated papers in high-impact peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberRBR-2vw77q—Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials – ReBEC (http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br).