bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leader, Socializer or Specialist? Distinguishing Responders with the Cues of Questions
Authors: Wu Qian , Lee Chei Sian , Goh Dion Hoe‐Lian 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTCommunity question‐answering (CQA) enables responders to select questions, and respond to the questions by answering, commenting or voting. Accordingly, questions with different cues (i.e. complexity, specificity, emotional expressiveness, politeness, popularity, rewards) tend to attract different responders. However, the research is limited regarding the types of responders based on the questions they responded to. The gap inhibits us to form a complete understanding of how questions bridge askers with responders. Moreover, how different types of responders contribute to maintaining the ecosystem of the CQA has not been studied adequately. Accordingly, we conducted an online survey to organize responders by the cues of questions. Cluster analysis was used to group responders into three types: (1) “leaders” respond to complex and popular questions, attracting many followers in CQA; (2) “socializers” answer less complex and specific questions with emotion‐laden words; and (3) “specialists” respond to complex questions with high specificity but seldom use the social functions of CQAs. Finally, contributions and limitations are discussed.
Applying Positive Psychology’s SubjectiveWell‐Beingto Online Interactions
Authors: Delellis Nicole, S. , Kelly Dominique , Liu Yifan , Mayhew Alex , Chen Yimin , Cornwell Sarah, E. , Rubin Victoria, L. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTThis paper outlines the complexity of the psychological construct of individuals' subjective well‐being (SWB) and argues for the importance of examining behaviours and linguistic expression of individuals online social interactions in relation to self‐reported SWB. This paper calls for a systematic review of the psychology research which examines SWB and its association with various character strengths, personality traits, and behaviours. While the Big Five personality traits (OCEAN) have an underlying neuropsychological basis and are considered as universal dimensions of personality along which humans differ one from another, minimal research has attempted to evaluate the relationship between personality traits, SWB, and online interactions.
Transitioning Towards Sustainability: The Information Practices of Sustainable Food Consumers
Authors: Du Xiaotong 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTSustainability is an emergent topic due to the increased climate and social issues caused by human activities. While sustainability is not a new concept in library and information science, its scope is often limited to library and information systems. This study aims to expand sustainability to human information behavior and practice. This poster reports initial findings from a pilot study in Jan – April 2022. Interviews and photo diaries with 6 sustainable food consumers about their information behaviors and practices were conducted and analyzed using the constructivist grounded theory methodology. We found that participants use sensory and embodied information in assessing the real impact of their sustainable food behaviors, and that this process is essential in the transition to sustainable food behaviors. Participants assess the impact of their transition to sustainable food by comparing information at different times, places, and between actors (individuals and food providers). This research sheds light on the role of time in everyday information use, and demonstrates that sustainability is a fruitful research area in human information behavior and practice.
Uncover Marginalized Narratives of Japanese American Incarceration: An Annotation Scheme for Natural Language Processing and Data Analytics
Authors: Han Yingying , Maganti Roopesh , Chen Jiangping , Chen Haihua 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTAround 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry was forced to remove into internment camps in the United States during World War II. Densho Digital Repository curates a collection of oral histories, which mainly includes 904 filmed interviews about “Japanese American incarceration experience from those who lived it”. This study uses web scraping techniques to collect 904 narrators’ bio information and analyzes their demographic information, including race, age, and location. Nisei counts the most of the Japanese American narrators (78.82% of all narrators). 279 (39.35%) of narrators were minors (born between 1926 and 1942) in the year 1942, when the incarceration happened, with over half of them (58.78%) being teenagers (age between 12 and 17). The majority of narrators (82.09% of the total) are from the west coast, namely, Washington State, Oregon State, or California State. This study also constructs a scheme for incarceration oral history, based on which the incarceration historical texts can be manually or/and automatically processed. The annotation scheme includes seven categories: (1) pre‐war background to the incarceration; (2) government's decision to remove ethnic Japanese; (3) life after removal and during the incarceration; (4) military services; (5) returning of ethnic Japanese after WWII; (6) legal challenges; (7) redress movement.
Nudging Learning Behaviour: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lim Kok Khiang , Lee Chei Sian 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTThis review examines nudge intervention in influencing learning behaviours from the context of the information use environment. It was conducted based on PRISMA guidelines. Six major databases were searched, and ten studies were included in this review after screening. Overall, the included studies reported beneficial outcomes in the academic settings, but results were mixed as nudge interventions were context‐dependent. To convey course‐related information during the nudge intervention, all the included studies used at least one technique from category A‐Decision Information and most used a secondary technique to enhance or manipulate the intervention. Among the techniques, A1‐Translate Information, A2‐Make Information Visible, and C1‐Provide Reminders were widely used. However, there was no ideal nudge technique or a combination of nudge techniques that were effective across all situations. Nonetheless, this review underscored the importance of incorporating nudge techniques in an informational learning environment that could shape and motivate learners.
Investigating the Relationship between In‐Situ User Expectations and Web Search Behavior
Authors: Wang Ben , Liu Jiqun 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTPre‐adoption expectations often serve as an implicit reference point in users' evaluation of information systems and are closely associated with their goals of interactions, behaviors, and overall satisfaction. Previous studies have involved simulated user expectation as a feature in user modeling to model biased search actions. However, there is still little direct evidence revealing the relationships between users' expectations and their actual search behaviors. To address the gap, we collected 448 query sessions from participants in a controlled‐lab user expectation study and gathered direct query‐level feedback on their expected information gains (e.g., number of useful pages) and expected search efforts (e.g., clicks and dwell time) under each query. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to explicitly examine the connections between different aspects of in‐situ search expectations and user behaviors. Findings on user expectation advance our understanding of users' search decision‐making and evaluation strategies and will also facilitate the design and evaluation of expectation‐aware user models, metrics, and IR systems.
Parasitic Knowledge Infrastructures: Data Reuse by Anthropogenic Climate Change Skeptics
Authors: Wofford Morgan 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTStakeholders from academia, industry, funding agencies, and scholarly publishing are increasingly investing in open data partially in the hope that it will democratize science and promote more diverse data reuse. However, fewer studies examine how unconventional communities outside academia and industry use open data. Through an investigative digital ethnography, I observed the data practices of anthropogenic climate change (ACC) skeptics, specifically how they discuss, evaluate, and reuse open data. This poster focuses on the knowledge infrastructure that affords the data practices of ACC skeptics. I argue that ACC skeptics are building a parasitic knowledge infrastructure on the back of the climate science knowledge infrastructure it often seeks to discredit. Understanding the infrastructure that supports skeptics' data reuse can inform how we design policies and infrastructure to actualize open data's promises while minimizing its perils.
Is it Feasible to Use BP Neural Network for Academic Journal Evaluation: an Attempt Based on 6 Single Objective Weighting Methods
Authors: Zhao Rongying , Zhu Weijie , Chen Wenxin 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTIn the new era, the analysis of academic journal evaluation methods and the comprehensive comparison of the advantages, disadvantages, and stability of different methods can help to provide some reference for academic journal evaluation. In this study, single model evaluation was carried out for 6 weighting methods without comprehensive evaluation value, and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is performed on the results passing the nonparametric test. Based on the evaluation, BP neural network is introduced, and BP neural network evaluation model is established. The results show that the fuzzy Borda evaluation can integrate the evaluation value and evaluation order of single models, and has higher accuracy compared with single evaluation models. The prediction rate of the network model based on the gradient descent optimization algorithm can reach more than 80%, and the weights obtained from the continuous self‐learning of the neural network training set can reduce the subjectivity and mutual interference between indicators.
The Right To Information: An Investigation into the Legal Framework and Implementation in the Philippines
Authors: Perez Paul Jason , Henninger Maureen 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTThe citizens' right to access government information, through legislations like the Right to Information (RTI), is now the norm especially in democratic countries. However, the effectiveness of its implementation is still a challenge. This paper investigates the legal framework and the implementation of RTI in the Philippines by examining the Executive Order no. 2 and analysing a sample of 180 RTI requests submitted to the three government agencies with the greatest number of requests. Findings reveal issues on accessibility, FOI literacy, and privacy happening across the three government agencies. We argue that these issues are related to institutional capacity. This paper contributes to the literature examining the implementation of RTI, especially in developing countries.
Epistemicide on the Record: Theorizing Commemorative Injustice and Reimagining Interdisciplinary Discourses in Cultural Information Studies
Authors: Youngman Tyler , Modrow Sebastian , Smith Melissa , Patin Beth 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTEpistemicide refers to knowledge destruction and is perpetuated through epistemic injustices, which are the ways we harm knowers in the process of their epistemological development. Within acts of commemoration, epistemic injustices can influence the prioritization and politicization of memory, thus shaping our shared understandings of cultural heritage. This paper situates epistemicide within discussions of cultural heritage and collective memory by drawing from existing literature on archival silences. This framing allows us to articulate and define commemorative injustices– memorial injustice, performative injustice, and documentary injustice– expanding the previously established epistemicide framework. Naming commemorative injustices promotes the development of a meta‐language to connect related concepts of knowledge destruction, silencing, and absence across disciplines in cultural information studies. While commemorative injustices are not necessarily committed out of individual mal intent, this paper notes that they are byproducts of culturally constructed historical precedents and social norms. Beyond a theoretical expansion, we explore the designation of evidence of cultural heritage as manifestations of information, name enforced archival silences as instances of commemorative injustice, identify how multiple epistemic injustices may act concurrently to inflict harm, and provide critical theory to inform interventions by drawing on examples of epistemic injustice inflicted by U.S. cultural heritage institutions.
Association between health and safety perceptions of COVID‐19 vaccine and its uptake in Ghana
Authors: Aram Simon Appah , Hagan John Elvis , Mansoh George Kweku Afriyie , Saalidong Benjamin M. , Lartey Patrick Osei , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Seidu Abdul‐Aziz , Ameyaw Edward Kwabena , Appiah Augustine , Hotor Divine Worlanyor , Gyimah Justice 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAttitudes towards vaccines have affected COVID‐19 vaccination programs in many countries. This study sought to evaluate the effects of general perceptions on the safety and health concerns and the confidence in COVID‐19 vaccines on its uptake in Ghana.MethodsA cross‐sectional online survey was conducted between January and March 2021. The outcome variables for this study were “Taking mandatory COVID‐19 vaccine” and “Taking voluntary COVID‐19 vaccine”. The data were subjected to both descriptive (frequency, percentages, and chi‐square tests) and inferential (complementary log‐log logistic regression) analyses.ResultsOut of 620 Ghanians who participated in the survey, about 80% of the participants believed that vaccines were good for one’s health and 73% had confidence on COVID‐19 vaccine safety; although 81% of the respondents were particularly concerned about the source of the vaccine. 79% and 71% of respondents indicated their willingness for mandatory and voluntary COVID‐19 vaccination, respectively. In all operationalized regression models, Ghanaians who believed that vaccines are healthy (OR = 1.998, Cl = 1.345–2.968; OR = 1.652, Cl = 1.050–2.601) and those who had confidence in a COVID‐19 vaccine safety (OR = 4.405, Cl = 3.136–6.188; OR = 8.340, Cl = 5.471–12.713) were more likely to take a mandatory or voluntary COVID‐19 vaccine compared to those who thought and believed otherwise. Individual preferences and/or intentions towards COVID‐19 vaccine uptake and uptake route (i.e., mandatory, voluntary) were influenced by multifaceted determinants: biosocial (age, marital status, education), socio‐cultural (religion, source of vaccine as a concern), and location (geographical zone) factors.ConclusionTo consolidate and possibly increase vaccine uptake in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic in Ghana, health education and promotion programs should aim at creating awareness on the benefits of vaccine uptake while addressing the health and safety concerns on the potential side effects through evidence‐based community messaging from credible sources. It is important to show specific commitment to transparency and reliable information to build public trust by decision‐makers.
Experimental Realization of Optimal Time‐Reversal on an Atom Chip for Quantum Undo Operations
Authors: Mastroserio Ivana , Gherardini Stefano , Lovecchio Cosimo , Calarco Tommaso , Montangero Simone , Cataliotti Francesco S. , Caruso Filippo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe authors report
the use of the dressed chopped random basis optimal control algorithm to realize time‐reversal procedures. The latter are aimed for the implementation of quantum undo operations in quantum technology contexts as quantum computing and quantum communications. The last performed operation can be time‐reversed via the undo command so as to perfectly restore a condition in which any new operation, chosen by the external user, can be applied. By generalizing this concept, the undo command can also allow for the reversing of a quantum operation in a generic time instant of the past. Here, thanks to optimal time‐reversal routines, all these functionalities are experimentally implemented on the fivefold Hilbert space of a Bose–Einstein condensate of non‐interacting 87Rb atoms in the ground state, realized with an atom chip. Each time‐reversal transformation is attained by designing an optimal modulated radio frequency field, achieving on average an accuracy of around 92% in any performed test. The experimental results are accompanied by a thermodynamic interpretation based on the Loschmidt echo. These findings are expected to promote the implementation of time‐reversal operations in a real scenario of gate‐based quantum computing with a more complex structure than the five‐level system considered here.
Optimal Temperature Estimation in Polariton Bose‐Einstein Condensate
Authors: Xie Dong , Xu Chunling 
Published: October 2022

AbstractImproving the measurement precision of temperature is very important and challenging, especially at low temperatures. Based on the existence of invariant subspaces during the polariton thermalization, a new way to enhance the measurement precision of low temperature is proposed and the Landau bound is obtained to avoid that the measurement uncertainty of the temperature diverges as the temperature approaches zero. The measurement precision of low temperature increases significantly with the number of polariton states. In order to resist the dissipation, the incoherent pumping is necessary for obtaining the information of the temperature encoded in the steady state. It should be noted that too strong incoherent pumping is wasteful due to that the quantum Fisher information of the temperature becomes less and less dependent on the total number of the polaritons.
Numerical study of the effect of a V‐shaped weir on turbulence characteristics and velocity in V‐weir fishways
Authors: Shahabi Maryam , Ahadiyan Javad , Ghomeshi Mehdi , Narimousa Marjan , Katopodis Christos , Azizi Nadian Hossein 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFishways are used to allow fish to migrate around water infrastructure, whether movements are in the upstream or downstream direction. Hydrodynamic conditions within various fishways, including turbulence levels, are important for successful fish passage. A numerical hydrodynamic study was conducted for V‐weir fishways, which assist species migrating upstream. The variables investigated included, fishway slopes of 4%, 7%, and 10%, relative spacing between weirs of 1.3, 2.6, and 4 (D/L, ratio of distance between weirs to pool width), and weir angles of 22.5°, 40°, and 60°. Turbulence characteristics, including turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), Reynolds shear stress (RSS), turbulent intensity (TI), turbulent dissipation (TD), as well as maximum water velocity, were examined by CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulation using a re‐normalized group or RNG turbulence model. The CFD was calibrated with flow measurements made in a physical model of the V‐weir fishway in laboratory control experiments. Based on inferences from fish passage literature, the results showed that, in the range of parameters studied, a weir angle of 22.5°, a slope of 10% and relative spacing between weirs of 1.3 and 2.6 were assessed as offering the best potential performance for several species and sizes of fish, while the latter has lower cost as it requires fewer weirs. The V‐weir fishway may be adaptable for smaller fish.
Nordic Media Histories of Propaganda and Persuasion: An Introduction
Authors: Norén Fredrik , Stjernholm Emil , Thomson C. Claire 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe introduction to the edited collection maps the overarching aims of the book, discusses the time frame and the geographical focus, and situates the book in a media historical research tradition on propaganda and persuasion. A key ambition with this volume is to advance a transnational approach to media history, highlighting how actors and institutions, ideas and practices, have been shaped by transnational entanglements within the Nordic region and beyond. Further, the introduction lays out the rationale for focusing on the entanglement of things, ideas and actors rather than media representations, cross-border connections rather than national comparisons, as well as the importance of a broad media concept in the study of propaganda and persuasion. Lastly, the introduction provides a short overview of chapters included in the book.
Creating Information Infrastructure for Transnational Co-operation in Television: Nordvision in the 1960s–1970s
Authors: Pajala Mari 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNordic public service television organizations launched Nordvision in 1959 to organize television programme exchange and co-productions, and the network remains active today. This chapter concentrates on a period at the turn of the 1960s and 1970s when Nordvision reorganized its working practices, to trace how Nordvision developed information infrastructure that would support transnational collaboration in television. A key problem for Nordvision was how to ensure the efficient exchange of information necessary for transnational co-operation. This chapter discusses Nordvision’s efforts to develop its information infrastructure consisting of an active meeting culture, paper documents and media technologies such as telephone and video, to understand how Nordvision defined challenges relating to Nordic co-operation and attempted to solve them. Through this lens, this chapter considers how television has contributed to constructing the Nordic region, not by analysing how Nordicness was represented on television screens, but by focusing on the behind-the-scenes work of developing Nordic co-operation networks.
The Nordic Mobilization of Public Opinion on Foreign Aid in the UN’s Second Development Decade
Authors: Diurlin Lars 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter contributes to the understudied research areas of Nordic foreign aid media history and Nordic co-operations concerning the mobilization of public opinion on foreign aid. The study asks: What exchanges of ideas regarding information strategies took place between the Nordic aid agencies during the launch of the Second Development Decade (1970s)? Utilizing governmental archive documents the study demonstrates that Nordic co-operations shifted from embracing “Nordicness” in field projects to using Nordic connections as a backstage think-tank for mutual, but domestic, goals of public persuasion, focusing on film as an information device. It is revealed that cooperative efforts were hampered by the agencies’ lack of experience in audio-visual co-production, by different discursive understandings of “development” and by the difficulty to transnationally co-operate around nationally grounded information regimes.
“It All Comes from Beer”: Tuborg, Carlsberg, and the Role of Film in Danish Cultural Diplomacy
Authors: Thomson C. Claire 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIt All Comes from Beer is the title of a 1952 short film, commissioned by Carlsberg to showcase its philanthropic contributions to science and art in Denmark to anglophone viewers. But Carlsberg and its rival brewery, Tuborg, used film at least a quarter-century earlier as “propaganda”, not just for their beer but also for the culture, industry, and landscape of their home country. The case studies in this chapter show how inter-war film genres such as tourist films, promotional footage, educational films, and even science films tended to overlap and merge, depending on where they travelled and to which audiences they were screened. The movement of films and of the material culture (from beer glasses to science equipment) that accompanied them facilitated an entrepreneurial form of cultural diplomacy on Denmark’s behalf.