bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A utilização da abordagem Orff-Schulwerk nas aulas de música direcionadas para o Ensino Fundamental I
Authors: Santos Rafael Felipe dos , Lima Sonia Regina Albano de 
Published: February 2025

This article describes the pedagogical principles of the Orff-Schulwerk approach, devised by the composer Carl Orff, as well as its adaptation to the pedagogical skills conveyed in the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC, 2017), mainly those aimed at music classes held in Brazilian basic education’ early years’. This normative document designs and defines the organic and progressive set of essential learning in the areas of knowledge that are part of the basic education school curriculum, with music as one of these areas. The theoretical foundation of the article is based on texts by João Cunha, Sara Carvalho and Verena (2015), Wolfgang Hartmann (2021), Cintia Lopes (1991), Carl Orff (1964) and Melita Bona (2012), which describe part of the history of this approach, its function and pedagogical intention and its applicability in musical teaching in general. The report will enable music educators and music teachers to gain greater awareness of the use of this pedagogy in music classes held in basic education or in any other organization dedicated to musical teaching and learning.
Confidential Practice and International Law
Authors: Wood Michael 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article explores the impact of secret State practice on the development and application of international law, particularly customary international law. It discusses the challenges of identifying customary international law when State conduct is confidential, especially in the fields of intelligence and national security. The author highlights that secrecy often stems from legitimate reasons, such as protecting sensitive information or national security concerns, but it can also hinder transparency and the evolution of international legal norms. Confidential practice cannot contribute to the creation and determination of customary international law unless disclosed to other States, as such knowledge is essential for States to react and form opinio juris. It is important to balance secrecy with transparency, and for States to publish their practice whenever possible to strengthen international law.
Protection through Vulnerability: A Gendered Analysis of Unarmed Civilian Protection
Authors: Ridden Louise 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Unarmed civilian protection (ucp) is a nonviolent method of civilian-to-civilian protection and civilian self-protection. Without the use of weapons, ucp instrumentalises nonviolent bodies in the protection of themselves and each other, with methods including interpositioning, protective accompaniment, and proactive engagement with armed and unarmed actors. Where traditional security actors may seek to reduce their own bodily precariousness and vulnerability, ucp practitioners instead embrace and instrumentalise their material vulnerability to violence in their own protection and the protection of others. This paper explores the complexity of the role of precariousness and vulnerability in civilian-to-civilian protection and its intersection with gender, age, while making a feminist critique of associations between protection and strength. It does this through two case studies: Women’s Protection Teams in South Sudan – groups of women who come together to address physical and gender-based violence in their communities – and ucp engagement with boys and young men affected by blood feuds. The article seeks to demonstrate the possibility of pursuing protection not through strength but through an embrace of the vulnerability of civilians at risk of physical harm and sexual violence.
Social representations of pacifists in Germany: guardian of the dove of peace or fallen angels that come from hell?
Authors: Wüstner Kerstin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Prompted by the war in Ukraine, voices are being raised in Germany calling for a massive strengthening of the German armed forces and strong military support for Ukraine. Pacifist counter-positions are rarely heard. Based on the question of what significance pacifism still has in Germany today, this article turns to the example of the war in Ukraine. Referring to Social Representation Theory, this paper aims to analyse three research questions: (1) Which attributes could be found that contribute to the social representation of pacifists? (2) Which anchors were used? (3) Which consequences might result from the social representation of pacifists? To this end, 50 articles in different media are analysed applying content analysis. The results show that primarily negative attributes are attributed to pacifists. In turn, this type of media representation can contribute to silencing voices for peace.
Safety and efficacy of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy in post-traumatic stress disorder: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Authors: Sze Jing Yong Alene , Bratuskins Suzie , Sultani Musa Samir , Blakeley Brooke , Davey Christopher G , Bell J Simon 
Published: February 2025

Objective: To critically evaluate published and unpublished systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the safety and efficacy of methylenedioxymethamphetamine-assisted psychotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder. Methods: Six bibliometric databases and grey literature were searched from inception to 9 May 2024 for systematic reviews on the safety and efficacy of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy compared to psychotherapy alone among adults with post-traumatic stress disorder. Quality assessment using the AMSTAR-2 tool was conducted independently by two investigators. Results: Fourteen systematic reviews comprising 20 primary studies involving up to 353 participants were included. All reviews included studies of one-to-three sessions of 50–125 mg MDMA-assisted psychotherapy (some with supplemental dosage) compared to either 25–40 mg of MDMA or inactive placebo with psychotherapy. Four were deemed high quality. Meta-analyses reported substantial benefits of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy in improving post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms (standardised mean difference, 0.8–1.3), response rate (relative risk, 1.3–3.5) and remission rate (relative risk, 2.3–2.9) compared to psychotherapy alone. However, for reviews that assessed the certainty of evidence, the evidence was rated as low to very low certainty due to high risk of bias, indirectness and imprecision. There was moderate-quality evidence that MDMA-assisted psychotherapy was associated with an increased odd of transient adverse events. However, reviews noted reliance on spontaneous rather than systematic adverse event reporting, discrepancies between adverse events reported in published studies and clinical trial registries, and a lack of long-term safety data. Conclusion: Four high-quality systematic reviews suggest low to very low certainty evidence for efficacy outcomes and moderate to very low quality evidence for safety outcomes.
Surgical outcomes of cardiac surgery in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review
Authors: Agarwal Rajat , Mudgal Shiv , Rout Smarakranjan , Arnav Amiy 
Published: February 2025

Background Antiphospholipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus are autoimmune inflammatory conditions involving multiple organs and sharing various clinical aspects. Owing to the scarcity of data about the surgical outcomes of these autoimmune disorders, we conducted a systematic review to assess the outcomes for patients with these diagnoses undergoing heart surgery and contextualize the findings regarding high-risk cardiac surgeries. Methods A thorough search of PubMed, Embase and Scopus used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses standards to find articles that involved patients who underwent heart surgery and had antiphospholipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus. Inclusion criteria concentrated on a definitive diagnosis, while case reports and studies lacking data on surgical outcomes were excluded. Using the Joanna Briggs Institute's methodologies, quality evaluation categorized studies according to their risk of bias. Results Fourteen studies with 277 patients and a prevalence of middle-aged females met the inclusion criteria out of 6381 papers. The major preoperative comorbidity in the cohort was a history of thromboembolic events (43%). Thromboembolic complications (6%) and catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (2%), even with appropriate anticoagulation, were notable early post-operative outcomes. Six percent of people died within 30 days. Data from follow-up studies showed a 14% death rate and a 23% frequency of thromboembolic events. Conclusions With the striking exception of a high frequency of thromboembolic complications and catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome, surgical results in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus are analogous to those in high-risk cardiac procedures. Improving surgical care for this susceptible population requires an understanding of these hazards.
An economic evaluation of pre-discharge home assessment visits following hip fracture: Analysis from a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lockwood Kylee J. , Taylor Nicholas F. , Harding Katherine E. , Brusco Natasha K. 
Published: February 2025

Objective To investigate cost-effectiveness of pre-discharge home assessment visits for patients recovering after hip fracture. Design Cost-effectiveness analysis completed alongside a randomised controlled trial. Setting Hospital wards and the community. Participants Adults 50 years and over with hip fractures planning to return home. Intervention Participants were randomised to either usual-care hospital-based discharge planning or usual-care hospital-based discharge planning with a pre-discharge home assessment visit by an occupational therapist. Main measures Functional Independence Measure, EQ-5D-3L, and number of falls. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were calculated for changes at 30 days and 6 months. Results Seventy-seven patients participated. Compared to usual care, the home assessment group likely had fewer falls at 30 days (incidence rate ratio = 0.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.15 to 1.11) and increased functional independence at 6 months (11.2 units, 95% CI 4.2 to 18.2) but no difference in quality of life (0.0 units, 95% CI −0.1 to 0.1). The mean cost to provide a home assessment visit was A$135.70. A mean cost saving of A$6182 (95% CI −$6414 to $18,777) favoured the home assessment group. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio found a saving of A$71,337 (95% CI −$998,930 to $411,409) in achieving clinically important changes in functional independence for the home assessment group at 6 months and a saving of A$34,832 (95% CI −$331,344 to $213,900) per fall avoided in favour of the home assessment group at 30 days. Conclusion From a health service perspective, pre-discharge home assessments for patients after hip fracture are likely to be cost-effective in restoring functional independence and reducing falls.
Sex differences in effectiveness of CGRP receptor antagonism for treatment of acute and persistent headache-like pain in a mouse model of mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Navratilova Edita , Kopruszinski Caroline M. , Oyarzo Janice , Barber Kara R. , Anderson Trent , Dodick David W. , Schwedt Todd J. , Porreca Frank 
Published: February 2025

Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) commonly elicits acute (APTH) and/or persistent (PPTH) post-traumatic headache. Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) has been implicated as a contributor to PTH pathophysiology. We explored the possibility of sexual dimorphism in the effects of CGRP receptor (CGRP-R) blockade in a preclinical model of PTH induced by a mild TBI (mTBI) in male or female mice. Methods Mice were lightly anesthetized and placed on a tissue paper stage prior to receiving a sham procedure or mTBI resulting from a closed-head weight drop injury. Behavioral responses to periorbital and hindpaw tactile (von Frey filaments) or thermal (hot plate) stimuli over the first 14 days post-mTBI were evaluated as measures of APTH. The PPTH phase was studied following the resolution of mTBI-induced APTH at days 14 and 28. PPTH was precipitated by exposure to bright lights (i.e., bright light stress, BLS). Olcegepant was delivered subcutaneously either repeatedly beginning 2 h after mTBI to produce a sustained block of CGRP-R signaling across the APTH phase, or as a single administration on days 14 or 28 post-mTBI to evaluate possible effects during the PPTH phase. Results mTBI, but not sham-procedure, produced periorbital and hindpaw tactile allodynia, as well as thermal hypersensitivity in mice of both sexes. APTH-related hypersensitivity was transient and resolved by day 14 post-injury. No sex differences were observed in the magnitude or duration of APTH-related pain behaviors. Sustained CGRP-R blockade was, however, significantly more effective in female than male mice in inhibiting pain behaviors in the APTH phase and in preventing the emergence of BLS-induced PPTH. CGRP-R blockade following the resolution of mTBI-induced APTH pain behaviors, on either day 14 or 28, minimally altered BLS-induced PPTH in either sex. Conclusions Sustained CGRP-R blockade starting soon after mTBI significantly inhibited APTH and prevented the expression of PPTH with greater analgesic effects in females compared to males. Delayed CGRP-R blockade beginning after resolution of APTH phase was minimally effective in preventing expression of PPTH in either sex. These data are consistent with previous observations that CGRP induces pain behaviors preferentially in females. Early and continuous CGRP blockade following mTBI may represent a viable treatment option for PTH treatment and the prevention of PTH persistence, especially in females.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosome and Fibrin Sealant Composite Enhances Rabbit Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair
Authors: Wong Keng Lin , Teo Kristeen Ye Wen , Law Gin Way , Zhang Shipin , Wang Tianqi , Afizah Hassan , Pua Chee Jian , Tan Barry Wei Loong , Hui James Hoi Po , Toh Wei Seong 
Published: February 2025

Background: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) fails to heal after rupture, leading to joint instability and an increased risk of osteoarthritis. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) exosomes have reported wide-ranging therapeutic efficacy; however, their potential for augmenting ACL repair remains to be investigated. Purpose: To evaluate the use of MSC exosomes with fibrin sealant on biological augmentation of ACL healing after suture repair and their effects on ACL fibroblast functions. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Twelve rabbit knees underwent ACL transection and suture repair. MSC exosome and fibrin composite (Exosome+Fibrin) or fibrin (Fibrin) alone was used to supplement the suture repair in 6 knees. ACL repair was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging at 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively and by histologic and immunohistochemical analyses at 12 weeks. To investigate the mechanisms through which MSC exosomes augment ACL repair, metabolic activity, proliferation, migration, and matrix synthesis assays were performed using the primary ACL fibroblasts. RNA sequencing was also performed to assess global gene expression changes in exosome-treated ACL fibroblasts. Results: Based on magnetic resonance imaging findings, 5 of 6 Exosome+Fibrin–treated ACLs were completely or partially healed, as opposed to 5 of 6 Fibrin-treated ACLs appearing torn at 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively. Additionally, 4 of 6 Exosome+Fibrin–treated ACLs were isointense, as compared with 5 of 6 Fibrin-treated ACLs that were hyperintense, indicating improved remodeling and maturation of the repaired ACLs with Exosome+Fibrin treatment. Histologically, Exosome+Fibrin–treated ACLs showed more organized collagen fibers and abundant collagen deposition, with a high amount of collagen I and relatively lower amount of collagen III, which are consistent with the matrix structure and composition of the normal ACL. Cell culture studies using ACL fibroblasts showed that MSC exosomes enhanced proliferation, migration, and collagen synthesis and deposition, which are cellular processes relevant to ACL repair. Further gene set enrichment analysis revealed key pathways mediated by MSC exosomes in enhancing proliferation and migration while reducing matrix degradation of ACL fibroblasts. Conclusion: The combination of MSC exosomes and fibrin sealant (Exosome+Fibrin) applied to a suture repair enhanced the morphologic and histologic properties of the ACL in a rabbit model, and these improvements could be attributed to the augmented functions of ACL fibroblasts with exosome treatment. Clinical Relevance: This work supports the use of MSC exosomes in biological augmentation of ACL healing after suture repair.
Analyzing the Association of the Area Deprivation Index on Patient-Reported Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Hip Arthroscopy
Authors: Cruse Jordan J. , Shaikh Hashim J.F. , Brodell James D. , Botros Mina , Daley-Lindo Terrence S. , Kenney Raymond J. , Giordano Brian D. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Hip arthroscopy is a valuable tool through which intra- and extra-articular hip pathologies may be addressed, with the goal of improving pain and function while preventing osteoarthritis progression. Little data are available regarding the effect of social determinants of health on hip arthroscopy outcomes. Purpose: To determine if a patient’s lived environment is associated with better or worse postoperative outcomes using the area deprivation index (ADI). Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients undergoing hip arthroscopy between January 1, 2015, and June 30, 2022, at a single institution were identified using Current Procedural Terminology codes. Patients’ zip codes were utilized to identify ADI measures. Patients were divided into quartiles of ADI, and the most deprived (ADIHigh) and least deprived (ADILow) quartiles were compared. Pre- and postoperative Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) scores for the Pain Interference (PI), Physical Function (PF), and Depression domains were obtained. For the PF and PI domains, the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was defined using an anchor-based approach using previously established cutoffs. For the Depression domain, the MCID was defined using a distribution-based approach and calculated as one-half of the standard deviation of the preoperative PROMIS score. Multivariable logistic regression models were estimated to characterize the association of the ADI with MCID attainment along PROMIS domains. Results: A total of 170 patients were included in the analysis of the ADIHigh (n = 85) and ADILow (n = 85) cohorts. Age, body mass index, smoking status, and race did not significantly vary between groups. No significant differences in MCID attainment were observed at any time point in the PF, PI, or Depression domains. However, the ADIHigh cohort had higher mean PI (worse) scores compared with the ADILow cohort at the preoperative, 1-year, and final follow-up (mean, 2.52 years) time points. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, ADI was not associated with the odds of MCID attainment. Conclusion: For patients undergoing hip arthroscopy, increased social disadvantage measured by the ADI was not associated with the odds of MCID attainment in any PROMIS domain. This information provides guidance for care providers, researchers, and policymakers to seek and identify other mechanisms that may affect outcomes after hip arthroscopy.
Alcohol dehydrogenase iron containing 1 (ADHFE1) is associated with liver metastasis and regulates cellular function of gastric cancer
Authors: Qin Ling , Liu Fei , Sun Chen , Zhang Zhang , Sun Lingling , Tang Xingli , Xia Yunhong 
Published: February 2025

Background Liver metastasis and chemotherapy resistance are two unfavorable factors for the outcomes of gastric cancer patients. ADHFE1 was identified as cancer-related molecule and candidate for early detection in gastric cancer. This study evaluated the significance of ADHFE1 in gastric cancer, aiming to explore a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer. Methods The expression of ADHFE1 was detected by polymerase chain reaction and compared between 143 gastric cancer patients and 54 individuals with benign lesions. The role of ADHFE1 in gastric cancer development and prognosis was assessed. The effect of ADHFE1 on gastric cancer cell growth and motility was evaluated by cell counting kit-8 and Transwell assay. The angiogenesis and cisplatin resistance were assessed by related markers and the half maximal inhibitory concentration values. Results Significant upregulation of ADHFE1 was observed in gastric cancer patients compared to individuals with benign lesions, which showed close association with the tumor node metastasis stage, lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis, and adverse prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Patients with liver metastasis showed higher serum ADHFE1 levels, which decreased after chemotherapy. Silencing ADHFE1 significantly suppressed gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis while its overexpression showed opposite effects. Moreover, the overexpression of ADHFE1 significantly improved the cisplatin resistance of gastric cancer cells. Conclusion Serum ADHFE1 served as an indicator for poor prognosis and liver metastasis of gastric cancer. ADHFE1 regulates gastric cancer cell progression, cisplatin resistance, and angiogenesis, suggesting its potential to serve as a therapeutic target.
A Practical Guide to Biostatistics Used in the Journal of Intensive Care Medicine
Authors: Kar Emma , Murata Asahi , Irwin Chase , vanSonnenberg Eric 
Published: February 2025

Introduction Biostatistics is an increasing focus in both the United States Medical Licensing exams (USMLE) and medical school curricula. Nonetheless, literature has documented that it is poorly understood among both practicing physicians and physician trainees. Our purpose is to narrow this knowledge gap by offering readers a “how-to” guide that both supplements essential biostatistics knowledge and assists in constructing research projects. Methods In Part II of our tandem manuscripts, we expand our Part I biostatistics analysis of research articles in the Journal of Intensive Care Medicine (JICM) with explanations and practical use of biostatistics, addressing the most common statistical terms and tests used in the JICM. Results Understanding biostatistics requires interpreting the type of study, type of data collected, statistical tests available for all types of data, and results of the statistical tests. Conclusion Gaining proficiency in biostatistics will improve the precision of evidence-based medical outcomes, helping close the current knowledge gap among practicing physicians and trainees.