bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The significance of glycated haemoglobin, randomized admission blood glucose, and fasting blood glucose on in-hospital adverse cardiac events in patients with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Hartopo Anggoro Budi , Susanti Vina Yanti , Anggraeni Vita Yanti 
Published: May 2022

In an ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI), glucose metabolism undergoes disturbance secondary to acute myocardial injury, which affects the clinical outcome during the acute phase. Glucose metabolic disturbance indices are glycated haemoglobin, admission random glucose, and fasting glucose in blood circulation during STEMI. This is a retrospective cohort study, aimed to investigate whether glycated haemoglobin, admission random blood glucose, and fasting blood glucose levels are the risk factors for developing in-hospital adverse cardiac events in STEMI. The result showed that among the three glucose metabolic disturbance indices, fasting glucose was an independent predictor (adjusted OR: 1.010 (95% CI: 1.001-1.018) and the most accurate factor (AUC 64.9 %) for adverse cardiac events. Other glucose metabolic indices, namely random blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin, were associated with increased odds to develop adverse cardiac events but they did not independently predict adverse cardiac events. Therefore, fasting blood glucose was an independent predictor and the most accurate factor for adverse cardiac events in the acute event of STEMI.
­­­Comparative Analysis of Quality Factor and Digital Inverter Performance in Gate Underlap and Overlap DMG FinFETs
Authors: Chaudhary Rashi , Saha Rajesh 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a comparative 3D simulation study of Quality factor among Gate Underlap and Overlap techniques in both Si and Ge Dual Material Gate (DMG) FinFETs using the Sentaurus TCAD tool. The results of both the techniques are carefully examined and compared with Conventional DMG FinFET to analyze the performances of these devices. The effect of gate overlap/underlap techniques on threshold voltage (Vth), ION/IOFF ratio, drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL), transconductance (gm), subthreshold swing (SS), and Quality factor (Q) are investigated. It is found that DMG Ge FinFETs have higher gm and quality factor values as compared to DMG Si FinFETs. The prospects of these techniques in low-power digital applications have been performed by implementing complementary DMG FinFET based inverter circuit. We have extracted the average delay and noise margin where it renders better performance such as high current gain and no overshoot and undershoot peaks in the transient characteristics.
Evaluation of outcomes in the management of primary sporadic desmoid type fibromatosis at a specialist soft tissue sarcoma unit
Authors: Khan Misbah , Almond Max , Ford Samuel , Desai Anant 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Desmoids are rare fibroblastic tumours whose treatment in any individual case presents a persistent challenge. We endeavoured to evaluate various clinicopathological factors contributing to tumour behaviour.
Methods
This is a retrospective review of 95 primary truncal sporadic fibromatosis managed between 2011 and 2020. We studied progression rate for wait and watch(WW) and recurrence rate for the surgically treated group. Relevant event-free survivals and potential risk factors were analysed over a median length of follow-up of 27 months.
Results
66 patients (69.5%) received watchful surveillance and 28 upfront surgery. 2-year progression-free survival in WW group (88.9%) was higher than RFS in the surgical group (77.1%) p = 0.02. Adverse event rate compared favourably, 28.8% in WW and 28.6% in surgical group. At final follow-up, rate of stable disease for WW was 47%, and the regression rate was 24.2%. On Cox regression analysis, meantime to progress was 14 ± 2.0 months, with larger tumour size as a significant prognostic indicator(p = 0.05). Surgical group's mean time to recurrence was 13.8 ± 2.76 months, with tumour location a significant contributing factor(p = 0.05).
Conclusions
This study confirms to the safety of both treatment approaches. Adverse event rates remained comparable, but event-free survival was longer for the watchful surveillance group.
The Impact of Atrial Fibrillation on the Long-term Outcomes of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Liu Fang , Liu Jia , Chi Hongjie , Liu Jiamei , Chen Mulei , Wang Xin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Meanwhile, antithrombotic therapy for AF patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a worldwide problem. Therefore, AF plays a very important role in AMI patients with HCM. The main objective of this study is to investigate the long-term prognosis of patients which are AMI and HCM with or without AF.
Methods
A total of 78 HCM and AMI patients with or without AF were enrolled. Major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) (including cardiac death, cardiogenic shock, AMI, repercutaneous coronary intervention, re-coronary artery bypass grafting and stroke) and secondary endpoints (including rehospitalization, recurrent angina, thrombosis, bleeding, heart failure and arrhythmias) were recorded in-hospital and during the 5-year follow up.
Results
There were no differences in observed in-hospital and 5-year mortality between the two groups. The incidence of stroke in AF group was significantly higher than that in non-AF group (20.6% VS. 0%, P = 0.017). The 5-year outcomes including MACEs and secondary endpoints were both inferior to the group without AF (log-rank P = 0.021 and 0.001, respectively).
Conclusion
AMI and HCM patients with AF exhibited worse long-term outcomes than patients without AF. More attention should be paid to the antithrombotic therapy in patients with AMI and HCM complicated with AF.
An elaborate dynamic model of dual-motor precision transmission mechanism for performance optimization
Authors: Zheng Jieji , Tan Ruoyu , LI Baoyu , Fan Dapeng , Xie Xin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The dual-motor precision transmission mechanism (DMPTM) is an alternative way to eliminate backlash completely while ensuring the stiffness of the servo system. However, most of the established models of DMPTM are not accurate enough, which are not conducive to the optimization of system performance and the design of high-precision controllers. In this paper, based on the detailed linear model of the single components of the DMPTM, the dead zone model considering the time-varying stiffness is proposed to describe the backlash of the two transmission chain and the friction of the mechanism is depicted by Stribeck model. Then, a high-precision dynamic model of the DMPTM is formed. Finally, the model validation experiments of the open-loop and closed-loop are carried out in the time domain and frequency domain. The experimental results show that the proposed model can accurately describe the nonlinear characteristics of the mechanism. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the proposed model and the actual system is ropen-loop >99.41% for open-loop and rclosed-loop >83.7% for closed-loop, which are both better than the existing model. In the frequency domain, whether it is open-loop or closed-loop, the frequency response of the proposed model also reproduces the actual system well, which verifies the accuracy of the model.
Do Announcement and Implementation of Prices and Subsidies Differentially Affect Water Consumption
Authors: agarwal sumit , Araral Edward , Fan Mingxuan , Yu Qin , Zhang Huanhuan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Do policy announcement and implementation of prices and subsidies have differential effect on water conservation in Singapore? Using monthly billing data on water consumption for 2.2 million residential accounts over 10 years, our difference-in-differences estimates show that the announcement of water price increase reduces water consumption by 3.7%, larger than the actual implementation of a 30% water price increase. Consumers with low water usage and price salience respond more to the announcement of price hike while consumers with high usage respond more to its implementation. An increase in low-salient utility subsidy could reduce the financial burden on low-income households without affecting water consumption. Our results suggest that the traditional market-based policy instruments, such as price and subsidy, could be combined with information salience to achieve sustainable outcomes efficiently, effectively, and fairly with minimal requirement on technology advancement and institutional innovation.
Design of preliminary groundwater monitoring networks for the coastal Tra Vinh province in Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Tuan Pham Van , Zhou Yangxiao , Stigter Tibor , Tuc Dang Van , Hai Dao Hong , Vuong Bui Tran 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

This study designed and assessed preliminary monitoring networks to fulfill the urgent need for essential information to formulate plans for sustainable groundwater resources development and management in the coastal Tra Vinh province of Vietnam. Groundwater overexploitation has resulted in aquifer depletion and saltwater intrusion, predominantly originating from formation water trapped in clays from past marine transgressions. A limited number of monitoring wells is operated and is insufficient to delineate the cone of depression and fresh/salt water interfaces. Since data from the existing monitoring were insufficient to explore variogram analysis and subsequent Kriging interpolation for the network design, groundwater flow and saltwater transport models were constructed to create groundwater level and salinity distributions. We followed an iterative procedure to select monitoring locations based on the contour maps of groundwater levels and total dissolved solids (TDS) constructed from the groundwater models. Priorities for the locating groundwater level monitoring wells were targeted in areas with cones of depression and boundaries, while priorities for salinity monitoring were given to coastal zone and fresh/saltwater interfaces. The standard deviation of Kriging interpolation error was used to assess the quality of the designed monitoring networks. Once the designed networks are implemented, observed data from the networks will provide valuable information for sustainable groundwater resources management in Tra Vinh province.
A Medical Image Segmentation Method Combining Inception Module with U-Net Model
Authors: ren xiaoling , guo xiaorong , Xu Shijun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
U-Net models are widely applied to medical image segmentation. To address the limitation of low segmentation accuracy and edge blur incurred by the U-Net image segmentation method, a medical image segmentation method combining an inception module with a U-Net model is proposed. First, image enhancement is performed. Second, the enhanced results and original images are used as the inputs to the encoder of the inception module, which uses different receptive fields to extract image features at different scales. Finally, up-sampling operation is performed on the results processed by the encoder to obtain the final segmentation results. Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective to segment the images in the lung CT dataset with sharper edges in comparison to other existing methods, and the accuracy as well as the precision of segmented results are 96.2% and 98.85%, respectively, which are improved by 1.35% and 3.09%, respectively. Furthermore, segmented images from the ISBI dataset show more impressive details, and the accuracy as well as the precision of the image segmentation are 97.81% and 98.05%, respectively, which are improved by 3.29% and 1.12%, respectively. In the training process, the convergence speed of the proposed method is faster than that of the existing U-net method, which shows that the proposed method has strong generalization ability. The amount of structural parameters in the proposed method decreased by 41.80% compared with that in the existing U-Net method, showing lower computational complexity in both the training and the test stages.
Exploring Demandable Services in the Continuum of Care from Antenatal to Postnatal: A Deep-dive Dialogue with Mothers, Health Workers and Psychologists
Authors: Mauluka Chancy , Stones William , Chiumia Isabel Kazanga , Maliwichi Limbika 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: One of the factors affecting quality of care is that clients do not demand care practises during antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal care. This study aimed to identify care practices that can be demanded by the mother in the continuum of care from antenatal to postnatal.Methods: The study respondents included 122 mothers, 31 health workers and 4 psychologists. The researchers conducted 9 Key Informant Interviews with service providers and psychologists, 8 Focus Group Discussions with 8 mothers per group, and 26 vignettes with mothers and service providers. Data was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) where identified themes were identified and categorised. Results: During ANC and PNC mothers demanded all recommended services presented to them. Some services that were seen as demandable during labour and delivery included 4-hourly assessments of vital signs and blood pressure, emptying of the bladder, swabbing, delivery counselling, administration of oxytocin, post-delivery palpation, and vaginal examination. For the child mothers demanded head to assessments, assessment of vital signs, weighing, cord stamp and eye antiseptics, and vaccines. Women observed that they could demand birth registration even though it was not among the recommended services.Respondents proposed empowerment of mothers with cognitive, behavioural and interpersonal skills to demand services e.g. knowledge of service standards and health benefits and improved self-confidence and assertiveness. In addition, efforts have to be made to address perceived or real health worker attitudes, mental health for the client and the service provider, service provider workload, and availability of supplies.Conclusion: The study found that if a mother is informed in simple language about a service she is supposed to receive, she can demand numerous services in the continuum of care from ANC to PNC. However, demand cannot be a standalone solution for improving quality of care. What the mother can ask for is a step in the guidelines, but she cannot probe deeper to influence quality of the procedure. In addition, empowerment of mothers needs to be coupled with services and systems strengthening in support of health workers.
Inconsistent Condom Use among Street-Based Transgender Sex Workers in Lahore, Pakistan: Socio-Ecological Analysis based on a Qualitative Study
Authors: Bano Shermeen , Rahat Rahla , Fischer Florian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: A large amount of new HIV infections worldwide is observed amongst key populations which include e.g. commercial sex workers or transgender people and their respective sexual partners. Therefore, this study examined the multi-level context of inconsistent condom use (ICU) in sexual interactions of transgender street-based workers (KSWs) with commercial and non-commercial sexual partners in Lahore. Methods: We conducted 20 in-depth interviews with street-based KSWs to investigate challenges to consistent condom utilization with sexual partners. The qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis to produce an initial set of codes during the first-level round. An essence-capturing strategy was utilized to identify broader themes through a heuristic exploration of the text. Results: Within a socio-ecological analysis we identified factors influencing ICU among KSWs at three levels. At the individual level, we identified knowledge and awareness, perceived characteristics of sexual partners, age and physical attributes, pleasure and pain, and mental health issues impacting on ICU. Gentrification of historical red-light district, discrimination, harassment and regular evictions, dynamics of cruising spots and places of sexual interactions, competition in sex trade, violence and lack of safety nets in street-based sex work, condom use with lovers, networks with non-governmental organizations were factors associated with ICU. Risk factors at community level were poverty, the influence of gurus, and Dera culture.Conclusions: Until now, HIV prevention efforts in Pakistan have primarily focused on HIV risk factors at the level of individual behaviors within specific networks of target populations. However, our study points towards both the effectiveness and the urgency of interventions that address macro-level risk factors specific to key populations in Pakistan, in addition to behavioral interventions.
A record of the tree-parasitic Phyllactinia powdery mildew on herbaceous Catharanthus roseus based on morphological and molecular-phylogenetic analyses
Authors: Choi In-Young , Abasova Lamiya , Choi Joon-Ho , Shin Hyeon-Dong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A previously unknown powdery mildew having an endoparasitic nature was found repeatedly on the lower leaf surface of Catharanthus roseus plants, causing yellowish discolorations on the upper parts of the leaves and premature senescence of affected leaves, in Korea Chasmothecia were formed from October and matured in November. Morphological characterization of the holomorph from five collections showed the fungus belong to the genus Phyllactinia. The nucleotide sequence of rDNA large subunit gene and internal transcribed spacer region of three samples were determined in this study. Based on morphological circumscriptions and results of molecular-phylogenetic analysis, the fungus was identified as Phyllactinia actinidiae. So far, Phyllactinia powdery mildews have been known to be predominanly tree-parasitic species with a few exceptional, obscure records of herbaceous hosts. This report represents a new host record for P. actinidiae, and first confirmed report of host jumping of Phyllactinia species from woody plants to an herbaceous host.
Complete genome sequencing and identification of fiber-degrading potential in Bacillus amyloliquefaciencs strain TL106 from the Tibetan pig
Authors: Shang Zhenda D. , Liu Suozhu , Duan Yanzhen , Bao Chengling , Wang Jian , Dong Bing , Cao Yunhe H. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Cellulolytic microorganisms are considered a key player in the degradation of feed fiber. These microorganisms can be isolated from various environments, such as animal gut, plant surfaces, soil and oceans. New Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain TL106 isolated from healthy Tibetan pigs’ faeces, which secretes cellulase and shows strong antimicrobial activity in mice. So, in this study, to better understand a B. amyloliquefaciens strain with cellulose degradation ability, the genome of the strain TL106 was completely sequenced and analyzed. In addition, we also explored the cellulose degradation ability of strain TL106 in vitro.
Results
The present study performed third generation high-throughput DNA sequencing technology and enzymatic hydrolysis in vitro to analyze the complete genome and cellulose degradation ability of B. amyloliquefaciens TL106. The TL106 consisted of one circular chromosome of 3,980,960 bp and one plasmid of 16,916 bp, the gene total length was 3.99 Mb and a total of 4,130 genes predicted. There were also some cellulase and hemicellulase genes detected, including β-glucosidase, endoglucanase, ß-glucanase and xylanase genes. Additionally, the activities of amylase (20.25 U/mL), cellulase (20.86 U/mL), xylanase (39.71 U/mL) and β-glucanase (36.13 U/mL) in the fermentation supernatant of TL106 strain were higher. In the study of degradation characteristics, we found that strain TL106 had a better degradation effect on crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, starch, arabinoxylan and β-glucan of wheat and highland barley.
Conclusions
B. amyloliquefaciens TL106 includes a variety of cellulase and hemicellulase genes, can produce carbohydrate-active enzymes, amylase, cellulase, xylanase and β-glucanase. Additionally, the bacterial solution of strain TL106 can degrade the fiber fraction and non-starch polysaccharides (arabinoxylans and β-glucan) of wheat and highland barley. The present study demonstrated that the degradability of strain TL106 to crude fiber is strong, which may have a good application prospect in the feed industry.
Higher order aberrations of Topography-guided LASIK and Wavefront Optimized LASIK in high and low myopic eyes: a non-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chang Chao-Kai , Mai Elsa Lin-Chin , Lee Chia-Yi , Lian Ie-Bin , Chao Chen-Cheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: To investigate high order aberration (HOA) change between topography-guided (TG) and wavefront-optimized (WFO) laser is situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in high myopia Asian.Methods: A non-randomized clinical trial was conducted in an ophthalmic clinic in northern Taiwan. 40 eyes of 20 patients aged 20-50 years old were included. Participants received TG-LASIK in one eye and WFO-LASIK on alternate eye. Corneal topography, HOAs including coma, trefoil, spherical aberration (SA), and contrast sensitivity (CS) were collected. Besides, quality of vision (QoV) questionnaire was done by each participant. Nonparametric test were used to infer difference of HOAs and CS between TG-LASIK and WFO-LASIK groups, and subgroup analyses stratified by myopia degree were done. Meta-analysis of our data with 4 previous studies contained 460 eyes was done for HOAs.Results: Postoperative SA and coma in both groups significantly increased (all P<0.05). A marginally lower postoperative trefoil after TG-LASIK was found in high myopia subgroup (mean difference: -0.1267, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.25 to -0.01). The high myopia patients showed more coma and SA compared to low myopia individuals if received TG-LASIK (all 95% CI lower limits>0), and subjects received WFO-LASIK revealed more SA in high myopic status (both 95% CI lower limits>0). Besides, the TG-LASIK group yielded less surgery-induced haze, better clarity at night, and better total quality scores (all P<0.05). In meta-analysis, TG-LASIK has significant superioriy over WFO-LASIK for coma.ConclusionsIncrement of coma and SA are more prominent in high myopia patients receiving TG-LASIK, while both procedures yielded significant postoperative coma and SA.Trial registration: We registered this study on ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier NCT04919291).