bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rectangular Beam Pumped Raman Microchip Laser for Generating Multiwavelength High‐Order Hermite–Gaussian Lasers and Vortex Lasers
Authors: Ding Yongsheng , Yang Jianwei , Chen Dimeng , Dong Jun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHigh‐order Hermite–Gaussian (HG) lasers oscillating at multiple wavelengths are extensively needed for generating vortex lasers carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM), which have wide applications on optical communication, high capacity storage, and high resolution imaging. Off‐axis pumping or off‐axis resonator has been used to generate high‐order HG0,n lasers, however, low optical efficiency limits practical applications of these lasers. Here, direct generation of multiple wavelength high‐order HG0,n lasers in a rectangular beam pumped Raman microchip laser constructed with Yb3+:Y3Al5O12 (Yb:YAG) and yttrium vanadate (YVO4) crystals is demonstrated. The order n of HG0,n mode lasers can be tuned from 1 to 9. HG0,n (n > 3) mode Raman lasers oscillate at multiple wavelengths and shift to longer wavelength with n. The output power is 137 mW for multiwavelength HG0,9 mode Raman laser when the input pump power is 2.7 W. The optical conversion efficiency is as high as 5.1%. Excellent beam quality with My2 close to theoretical values (My2 = 2n+1) for high‐order HG0,n lasers has been achieved. Topological charge tunable Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) vortex lasers with high beam quality are generated from HG0,n mode lasers with an astigmatic mode converter. This work demonstrates that rectangular beam pumping is an effective method for developing efficient multiwavelength high‐order HG0,n mode Raman lasers.
Quantification of Biocatalytic Transformations by Single Microbial Cells Enabled by Tailored Integration of Droplet Microfluidics and Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Wink Konstantin , van der Loh Marie , Hartner Nora , Polack Matthias , Dusny Christian , Schmid Andreas , Belder Detlev 
Published: May 2022

AbstractImproving the performance of chemical transformations catalysed by microbial biocatalysts requires a deep understanding of cellular processes. While the cellular heterogeneity of cellular characteristics, such as the concentration of high abundant cellular content, is well studied, little is known about the reactivity of individual cells and its impact on the chemical identity, quantity, and purity of excreted products. Biocatalytic transformations were monitored chemically specific and quantifiable at the single‐cell level by integrating droplet microfluidics, cell imaging, and mass spectrometry. Product formation rates for individual Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells were obtained by i) incubating nanolitre‐sized droplets for product accumulation in microfluidic devices, ii) an imaging setup to determine the number of cells in the droplets, and iii) electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry for reading the chemical contents of individual droplets. These findings now enable the study of whole‐cell biocatalysis at single‐cell resolution.
Highly Stable Metal‐Free Long‐Persistent Luminescent Copolymer for Low Flicker AC‐LEDs
Authors: Lv Hongyu , Tang Haitao , Cai Yiyu , Wu Tao , Peng Dongliang , Yao Yuan , Xu Xuhui 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOrganic room‐temperature long‐persistent luminescent materials are promising light‐emitting materials for encryption, architectural decoration, organic solar cells, and biomedical applications. However, their unstable structures and thermal‐ and humidity‐induced emission quenching have greatly limited their utility and reliability. Here, we report a metal‐free nonconjugated copolymer that possesses stable photoluminescence at both high temperature and humidity. The room‐temperature long‐persistent luminescence (LPL) of this copolymer lasts for more than 15 s and can be recovered in high humidity conditions by heating to remove moisture. Copolymer LPL can be achieved with various excitation wavelengths, ranging from ultraviolet to near‐infrared, and the LPL color can be adjusted accordingly. The high initial LPL intensity and ultrafast filling time of the copolymer makes it suitable for low flicker alternating current‐driven light‐emitting diodes (AC‐LEDs).
Machine Learning for Chemical Reactivity: The Importance of Failed Experiments
Authors: Strieth‐Kalthoff Felix , Sandfort Frederik , Kühnemund Marius , Schäfer Felix R. , Kuchen Herbert , Glorius Frank 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAssessing the outcomes of chemical reactions in a quantitative fashion has been a cornerstone across all synthetic disciplines. Classically approached through empirical optimization, data‐driven modelling bears an enormous potential to streamline this process. However, such predictive models require significant quantities of high‐quality data, the availability of which is limited: Main reasons for this include experimental errors and, importantly, human biases regarding experiment selection and result reporting. In a series of case studies, we investigate the impact of these biases for drawing general conclusions from chemical reaction data, revealing the utmost importance of “negative” examples. Eventually, case studies into data expansion approaches showcase directions to circumvent these limitations—and demonstrate perspectives towards a long‐term data quality enhancement in chemistry.
Distributed fault detection and isolation in time‐varying formation tracking UAV multi‐agent systems
Authors: Zaeri Amirani Mojtaba , Bigdeli Nooshin , Haeri Mohammad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe problem of distributed fault detection and isolation (DFDI) in conjunction with time‐varying formation control of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) multi‐agent systems with multiple‐leader leader–follower structure is studied, in this paper. It is assumed that the communication data of the agents are noisy, and faults may occur in either leaders or followers. The followers are not aware of the main trajectory and just follow the leaders. The first step in this paper is to reduce the communication noise. Besides, if a fault occurs in one of the leaders causing to exit the leader from the main trajectory, the followers should be able to detect the fault, isolate the leader, use the other leaders' data, and keep the main trajectory. Tracking the trajectory by followers in such a case is the second step of this paper. Preserving the time‐varying formation despite a fault occurring in one of the followers is the next step. To reach these goals, a distributed array of Kalman filters is used for noise cancellation and data extraction. Next, the combination of state vector data fusion and some type of
2 test are employed for DFDI, in agents. Besides, a controller is implemented in each agent for formation tracking. In this controller, estimated relative position and velocity vectors of the agents are employed to keep the time varying formation while tracking the leaders. The closed‐loop stability is studied via Lyapunov stability theorem, and various simulations are carried out to demonstrate the capability of the proposed strategy.
No optical coherence tomography changes in premanifest Huntington's disease mutation carriers far from disease onset
Authors: Schmid Rahel Dominique , Remlinger Jana , Abegg Mathias , Hoepner Robert , Hoffmann Rainer , Lukas Carsten , Saft Carsten , Salmen Anke 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundSpectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) may detect retinal changes as a biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases like manifest Huntington's disease (HD). We investigate macular retinal layer thicknesses in a premanifest HD (pre‐HD) cohort and healthy controls (HC).MethodsPre‐HD mutation carriers underwent standardized ratings and a preset macular OCT scan. Thickness values were determined for each sector of all macular retinal layers, the mean of all sectors and the mean of the inner ring (IR, 3 mm) after segmentation (Heyex segmentation batch). HC were retrospectively included from an existing database. The IR thickness of the ganglion cell layer (GCL), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), GCL + inner plexiform layer (GCIPL), and total retina were included in the exploratory correlation analyses with paraclinical ratings and compared to HC.ResultsThe analyses comprised n = 24 pre‐HD participants (n = 10 male, n = 14 female) and n = 38 HC (n = 14 male, n = 24 female). Retinal layer parameters did not correlate with paraclinical ratings. Expected correlations between established HD biomarkers were robust. The IR thicknesses of the GCL, GCIPL, and total retina did not differ between pre‐HD and HC. The IR thickness of the RNFL was significantly higher in pre‐HD participants (pre‐HD: 23.22 μm (standard deviation 2.91), HC: 21.26 μm (1.90), p = .002).DiscussionIn this cross‐sectional cohort of genetically determined pre‐HD participants, neurodegenerative features were not detected with retinal layer segmentation. Since our pre‐HD collective was more than 16 years before disease onset, OCT may not be sensitive enough to detect early changes.
Lifelong and multirelational community detection to support social and collaborative e‐learning
Authors: Rebhi Wala , Ben Yahia Nesrine , Bellamine Narjes 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLearners' community choice has a crucial role in e‐learning effectiveness. Indeed, individual and structural factors (i.e., learners pre‐existing profiles and networks of interactions) significantly affect how learners develop a collaborative e‐learning environment. In this context, social network analysis, singularly community detection has been a good approach to improve collaborative environment through discovering pertinent learners' communities and new effective relations. However, with social media emergence, many real‐world networks, such as learners' networks, evolve the connections in multiple layers, where each layer represents a different type of relationship. This, combined with their continuous evolution over time, has brought new challenges to the field of community detection. Thus, this paper proposes a new configurable algorithm for detecting collaborative and lifelong communities within dynamic multirelational social learners' networks. To do so, this algorithm is based on a graph model to represent these different interactions as well as different learners' profiles and characteristics. Moreover, by using particle swarm optimization, it aims to optimize a configurable combined metric to detect the most relevant community appropriate to a given situation. Finally, it considers the temporal dimension to find the final lifelong community. By the end of this paper, experimental results using synthetic networks prove that the proposed algorithm achieves better results compared with other community detection algorithms. Therewith, experiments on a real e‐learning network show this algorithm's role in improving collaboration within learners' network.
Association of anticoagulant use with clinical outcomes from crizotinib in ALK‐ and ROS1‐rearranged advanced non‐small cell lung cancers: A retrospective analysis of PROFILE 1001
Authors: Ng Terry L. , Tsui David C. C. , Wang Sherry , Usari Tiziana , Patil Tejas , Wilner Keith , Camidge David R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundROS1‐ and ALK‐rearranged advanced NSCLCs are associated with increased thromboembolic risk. We hypothesized that a prothrombotic phenotype offers an evolutionary advantage to subsets of these cancers. The impact of this phenotype could alter outcomes from targeted therapy.MethodsIn a retrospective analysis of ROS1‐ and ALK‐rearranged NSCLCs treated with crizotinib in a phase 1 trial, we compared progression‐free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR) based on the history of anticoagulation use (a possible surrogate of thromboembolism) at baseline (within 90 days before study enrollment) or within 90 days of study treatment.ResultsTwelve out of 53 (22.6%) ROS1‐ and 39 out of 153 (25.5%) ALK‐rearranged NSCLCs received anticoagulation before or during the trial. Most ROS1 and ALK patients on anticoagulation received low‐molecular‐weight heparin (75% and 64.1%, respectively). In the ROS1‐rearranged group, the median PFS (95% CI) values were 5.1 (4.4–14.4) and 29.0 (16.5–48.8) months, and the ORR values were 41.7% (95% CI: 15.2 to 72.3) and 80.5% (95% CI: 65.1 to 91.2) among those with and without anticoagulation treatment, respectively. In the ALK‐rearranged group, the median PFS (95% CI) was 7.1 (5.4–7.7) and 12.0 (9.4–18.3) months, and the ORR was 41% (95% CI: 25.6 to 57.9) and 74.3% (95% CI: 65.3 to 82.1) among those with and without anticoagulation, respectively.ConclusionsAnticoagulation (as a potential surrogate of a prothrombotic subset) in ROS1‐ and ALK‐rearranged NSCLCs may be associated with a lower PFS and ORR to crizotinib.ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT00585195.
Effective treatment of advanced Hodgkin lymphoma with a modified BEACOPP regimen for a patient with demyelinating hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 1 (HMSN1)
Authors: Hess Patrick P. , Ventura Ferreira Monica S. , Rolles Benjamin , Kirschner Martin , Holtbernd Florian , Tometten Mareike , Brümmendorf Tim H. , Beier Fabian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTreatment for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in adults comprises substantial risk of chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neurotoxicity. Here, we describe the case of patient with Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease or HSMN1 and advanced Hodgkin lymphoma undergoing treatment with modified BEACOPP achieving complete remission without major aggravation of neurological symptoms.
COVID‐19 complicated with chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis and aspergilloma progressing to fibrosing aspergillosis: A case report
Authors: Razafindrasoa Zamelina Angela , Ravahatra Kiady , Tiaray Harison Michel , Nandimbiniaina Anjara Mihaja , Andriamahenina Finaritra Princy Parfait , Razafimpihanina Sonia Marcelle , Andriarimanga Diamondra Ombanjanahary , Rakotomizao Jocelyn Robert , Rakotoson Joëlson Lovaniaina , Raharimanana Rondro Nirina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAspergillosis superinfections have been reported as acute complications of COVID‐19. We report a rare case of combined chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis, aspergilloma, and fibrosing aspergillosis in a 31‐year‐old woman with a history of COVID‐19. Chest scan remains an important imaging method assisting in the diagnosis and management of post‐COVID‐19 patients.
MOF‐Supported Copper Complex‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Unsymmetrical 1,3‐Diynes Without External Additives
Authors: Zheng Deng‐Yue , Bai Rongxian , Li Minghao , Gu Yanlong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCu complexes supported on metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) with N1,N1,N2,N2‐tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) were prepared via post‐synthetic modification, and proved to be highly efficient for Glaser heterocoupling reactions. Compared with some referential catalysts, which were prepared by using a series of copper salts and Cu0 nanoparticles as the copper sources, the newly designed MIL‐101‐NH‐TMEDA⋅CuClx exhibited highest catalytic activity and selectivity in the model Glaser heterocoupling reaction. Much lower activity was observed with the homogeneous counterpart, TMEDA⋅CuCl4. Intriguingly, the Glaser heterocoupling reactions over MIL‐101‐NH‐TMEDA⋅CuClx catalyst can be conducted without adding external ligands, base, or acid, which are always necessary in the previously reported systems. The dense catalytic active sites in the MOF channels and the adsorption properties of the MOF were conjectured to be partially responsible for the observed high catalytic activity, which may allow the formation of a unique internal environment in the three‐dimensional porous framework that significantly boosted progress of the reactions. The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results showed also that the catalytically active copper species changed from CuII to CuI after catalytic use.
Precisely Tailoring Selectivity via Target Group's Steered Adsorption on Cu2O/Tantalate Catalysts for Hydrogenation of 3‐Nitrostyrene
Authors: Ma Yuxuan , He Dan , Borjigin Burenbayaer , Yang Xiaoxue , Wang Xiaojing , Bai Fenghua 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe selective hydrogenation of nitroarenes bearing competitive reducible groups to produce functionalized amino compounds has wide application in industrial production. However, to control only reducing the target group is still a challenge. Here, Cu2O/M2Ta2O6 (M=H, Li, Na, K, Ag, Bi) catalysts were prepared to evaluate their catalytic performance using 3‐nitrostyrene (3‐NS) as a model reaction. The results confirm pristine Cu2O has a highly activity to hydrogenate 3‐NS but low selectivity with the coexisted products of 3‐vinylaniline (3‐VA), 3‐ethylaniline(3‐EA) and 1‐ethyl‐3‐nitrobenzene (3‐NE), whereas the independent tantalate can converse 3‐NS to sole product 3‐VA via absolutely preferential reduction of −NO2 moiety but with a low conversion rate. Importantly, if combining Cu2O and tantalate, the activity and selectivity of the appointed product were all obviously increased. Furthermore, the hydrogenation activity of 3‐NS to generate 3‐VA is positively related with the catalysts’ intrinsic basicity and the preferential adsorption toward −NO2 group.
Hierarchical Heterostructure of Amorphous CoFe@CoNi Hydroxides Composite on Nickel Foam as Efficient Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Qi Fu‐Ming , Xu Wei , Mi Jian‐Li 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDesign of efficient and low‐cost electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of great importance for practical energy‐related technologies such as hydrogen production. Herein, CoFe@CoNi hydroxides composite supported on nickel foam (NF) as electrocatalyst for OER was prepared via a two‐step electrodeposition method. The CoFe@CoNi hydroxides composite has an amorphous structure with a hierarchical nanostructure where small nanosheets of CoNi hydroxide were decorated on the large nanosheet of CoFe hydroxide. The architecture provides abundant electrochemically active surface area with more exposed active sites as well as the small electron‐transfer resistance at the interface to promote the catalytic activity for OER. In addition, the core‐shell hierarchical nanostructure may further improve the catalytic activity by regulating the electronic structure due to the synergetic interaction of CoFe and CoNi hydroxides. It is noted that the deposition sequence is important to form hierarchical heterostructure, and no hierarchical structure can be obtained by depositing CoFe hydroxide on CoNi hydroxide due to the reconfiguration of the metal ions during the synthesis. CoFe@CoNi hydroxides composite shows efficient electrocatalytic activity toward OER with an overpotential of 0.227 V at a current density of 10 mA/cm2 and a long‐term durability in 1.0 M KOH.
Subnanometric Pt‐Sn Monolayers Over a Rod‐Shaped Al2O3 for Propane Dehydrogenation
Authors: Deng Li , Han Shaobo , Li Yong , Shen Wenjie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAtomic layer deposition was applied to precisely disperse Pt on Sn‐, K‐modified Al2O3, while the dispersion of Pt depended strongly on the atmosphere. Pt presented as single‐atoms in oxidative atmosphere but both single‐atoms and clusters under reductive gas. After H2‐treatment at 873 K, Pt single‐atoms, clusters and particles co‐existed in the catalysts, but their population varied considerably. The typical nanoparticles featured by crystallized Pt3Sn alloys, while the subnanometric clusters contained amorphous Pt−Sn alloys in a monolayer geometry. When tested for propane dehydrogenation at 873 K, the monolayers displayed outstanding performance; the mass specific activity approached 5.1 molC3H6 molPt−1 s−1, which was 2.7 times greater than that of particles. Structural analysis revealed that the amorphous Pt−Sn monolayer exposed more surficial Pt atoms surrounded by Sn atoms, which finely tuned the electronic property of Pt and thus favored the activation of C−H bond in propane.
Zinc‐Air Battery Operated with Modified‐Zinc Electrodes/Gel Polymer Electrolytes
Authors: Díaz‐Patiño Lucia , Béjar José , Ortiz‐Ortega Euth , Trejo Gabriel , Guerra‐Balcázar Minerva , Arjona Noé , Álvarez‐Contreras Lorena 
Published: May 2022

AbstractZinc‐air batteries (ZABs) have anodic challenges to overcome such as passivation, shape changes, and hydrogen evolution. In this work, zinc anodes were electrosynthesized on carbon paper electrodes using organic additives (Zn/CP) to investigate their viability as an alternative to benchmarked Zn foils. Additionally, the typical aqueous electrolyte (6 M KOH) was replaced by a gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) to assist Zn/CP to decrease anodic issues. In 6 M KOH, the current density of the ZAB with Zn/CP was 42 mA cm−2 @ 0.6 V vs. 28 mA cm−2 for Zn foil. However, chronopotentiometric tests demonstrated that the ZAB with Zn foil possessed a higher stability. SEM images after the stability tests and tests by linear‐sweep voltammetry revealed that Zn/CP suffers a higher formation of hydrogen gas, promoting such morphological changes, decreasing the number of active sites and, thus, stability. The aqueous media was then replaced by the GPE based on polyacrylic acid cross‐linked with potassium (PAAK). Tests revealed that the GPE at different compositions (from 3 to 10 wt.%) significantly decreased the Zn issues, where the GPE at 3 wt.% of PAAK was the most favorable composition, providing comparable current/power densities to the obtained at 6 M KOH (40 vs. 42 mA cm−2 and 25.2 vs. 26.8 mW cm−2).
Infrared Laser‐Induced Graphene Sensor for Tyrosine Detection
Authors: Matias Tiago A. , Rocha Raquel G. , Faria Lucas V. , Richter Eduardo M. , Munoz Rodrigo A. A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this work, we demonstrate that laser‐induced graphene (LIG) electrodes produced by a single‐step infrared irradiation on a commercially available polyimide sheet work as portable platforms for the electrochemical detection of tyrosine (Tyr). The LIG surface was characterized by Raman and scanning electron microscopy, which confirmed the formation of graphene with a highly porous structure. The sensor associated with differential‐pulse voltammetry provided the determination of Tyr with a linear range between 5 and 30 μmol L−1, a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.5 μmol L−1, precision of 6.2 % (n=10), and a satisfying selectivity towards interfering species found in biological media (e. g., dopamine, urea, and both ascorbic and uric acids). Artificial urine samples spiked with different amounts were analyzed by the proposed sensor and recovery values between 107 and 114 % were obtained. Opposite to many works reported in the literature, this platform did not require costly and time‐consuming surface modification processes, being an alternative feasible for other applications of clinical/medical interest. One LIG electrode sensor is produced in 140 s without chemical waste generation.
An Interfacial Study of Au(111) Electrodes in Deep Eutectic Solvents
Authors: Zeller Sven J. , Geng Tanja , Ceblin Maximilian U. , Uhl Matthias , Kuehne Alexander J. C. , Kibler Ludwig A. , Jacob Timo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe electrochemical behavior of Au(111) in contact with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was studied by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and immersion experiments to determine the potential of zero total charge (pztc). In particular, DESs type III consisting of a choline salt and a hydrogen bond donor (HBD) were investigated. The HBDs urea and ethylene glycol (EG) were chosen since they belong, in combination with choline chloride (ChCl), to the most widely studied systems. A third HBD used in this study was trifluoroacetamide (TFAcA) because of its remarkable freezing point depression. The adsorption of chloride, nitrate, and sulfate anions on Au(111) was investigated using DESs, as the electrochemical behavior of Au(111) in aqueous electrolytes containing these anions were already well studied. For a better understanding of the interactions of ions in DESs with noble metal electrode surfaces, Au(111) in aqueous ChCl was investigated as well. It was shown that anion adsorption on Au(111) in the DESs under consideration was similar to adsorption in the respective dilute aqueous systems.