bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quercetin activates autophagy suppresses apoptosis, inflammation and cartilage matrix degradation in LPS-induced chondrocytes through targeting AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Lei , Xu Bin , Li Shenghua 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterised by degeneration of articular cartilage, massive apoptosis of chondrocytes and changes in subchondral bone. Quercetin (QUE), a naturally occurring flavonoid, has shown potent anti-inflammatory effects; however, its effects and underlying mechanisms on OA have seldom been systematically illuminated. In this study, we explored the protective effects of QUE on repairing OA-induced chondrocytes injuries and its possible mechanisms.Methods: Human articular chondrocytes were isolated and cultured, and then induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Chondrocytes were assigned into Control group (normal complete culture medium), LPS induction group (Model group), QUE+LPS induction group (QUE group), 3-MA+LPS induction group (3-MA group), 3-MA+QUE+LPS induction group (3-MA+QUE group), compound C (Com C) +LPS induction group (Com C group) and Com C+QUE+LPS induction group (Com C +QUE group). The optimal intervention concentration of LPS and QUE were selected by the Cell Cycle Kit‑8 assay (CCK‑8), osteoarthritis and inflammatory factors relevant to osteoarthritis, interleukin‑1β (LI-1β) and tumor necrosis factor‑α(TNF-α), were tested by enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect mRNA expressions of autophagy-related genes (LC3 Ⅱ and P62). Western blotting and Immunofluorescence staining were utilized to detect expressions of cartilage matrix degradation, apoptosis and autophagy-related proteins and of relevant proteins in the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images were used to detect autophagosomes, and Lyso-Tracker Red was applied to measure lysosomal activity.Results: In current study, we demonstrated that QUE can activate autophagy in LPS-induced chondrocytes. And, QUE can suppress apoptosis, inflammation and cartilage matrix degradation in LPS-induced chondrocytes by autophagy-based. Furthermore, these results demonstrated that QUE activates autophagy can suppress apoptosis, inflammation and cartilage matrix degradation in LPS-induced chondrocytes through targeting AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway.Conclusions: QUE activates autophagy alleviated LPS-induced chondrocytes injuries through targeting AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway.
Severity and prognostic factors of SARS-CoV-2-induced pneumonia: the value of clinical and laboratory biomarkers and the A-DROP score
Authors: Szabó Miklós , Kardos Zsófia , Oláh Csaba , Tamáska Péter , Hodosi Katalin , Csánky Eszter , Szekanecz Zoltán 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction. Numerous clinical and laboratory scores that include C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), interleukin 6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine levels and oxygenation (PaO2 and SaO2) have been used for the prognosis of COVID-19. In addition, composite scores have been developed for the assessment of general state and risk in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) that may be applied for COVID-19 as well. In this study, we assessed severity and potential prognostic risk factors for unfavourable outcome among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. We also applied the A-DROP general scoring system used in CAP to COVID-19. Patients and methods. Altogether 233 patients admitted to our center with COVID-19 were included in the study. Clinical status, several laboratory biomarkers described above, indicators of oxygenation were determined at hospital admission. We also applied the A-DROP composite scoring system that includes Age (≥ 70 years in males and ≥ 75 years in females), Dehydration (BUN ≥ 7.5 mmol/l), Respiratory failure (SaO2 ≤ 90% or PaO2 ≤ 60 mmHg), Orientation disturbance (confusion) and low blood Pressure (systolic BP ≤ 90 mmHg) to COVID-19. Results. At the time of admission, most patients had elevated CRP, LDH, ferritin, D-dimer and IL-6 levels indicating multisystemic inflammatory syndrome (MIS). Altogether 49 patients (21.2%) required admission to ICU, 46 (19.7%) needed ventilation and 40 patients (17.2%) died. In the binary analysis, admission to ICU, the need for ventilation and death were all significantly associated with the duration of hospitalization, history of hypertension or obesity, confusion/dizziness, as well as higher absolute leukocyte and neutrophil and lower lymphocyte counts, elevated CRP, PCT, LDH, ferritin, IL-6, BUN and creatinine levels, low PaO2 and SaO2 and higher A-DROP score at the time of admission (p<0.05). Conclusions. Numerous laboratory biomarkers in addition to obesity, dizziness at the time of admission and the history of hypertension may predict the need for ICU admission and ventilation, as well as mortality in COVID-19. Moreover, A-DROP may be a suitable scoring system for the assessment of general health and disease outcome in COVID-19.
Association between born by caesarian section and anxiety, self-harm: a gene-environment interaction study using UK Biobank data
Authors: jia yumeng , Cheng Shiqiang , Liu Li , Cheng Bolun , Liang Chujun , Ye Jing , Chu Xiaomeng , Yao Yao , Wen Yan , Kafle Om Prakash , Zhang Feng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Limited efforts have been paid to explore the underlying genetic mechanisms of born by caesarian section (CS) affecting the risks of adult anxiety and self-harm.
Methods
Using UK Biobank cohort, logistic regression model was first applied to evaluate the associations of adult anxiety and self-harm with born by CS. Using born by CS as exposure variables, genome-wide by environment interaction study (GWEIS) was then applied by PLINK2.0 to identify associated genes interacting with born by CS for anxiety and self-harm.
Results
In the observational study, significant associations were observed between born by CS and anxiety (odds ratio (OR) = 1.25; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13–1.37; P = 1.19 × 10− 4), and self-harm (OR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.07–1.29; P = 3.62 × 10− 3). GWEIS revealed multiple significant gene interacted with born by CS at P-value < 5.0 × 10− 8 for anxiety, such as DKK2 (rs13137764, P = 1.24 × 10− 9) and ATXN1 (rs62389045, P = 4.38 × 10− 8). For self-harm, significant gene-environment interactions of born by CS on self-harm were detected, such as ALDH1A2 (rs77828167, P = 1.62 × 10− 8) and DAB1 (rs116124269, P = 3.20 × 10− 8).
Conclusion
Our results suggested that born by CS was associated with the risk of adult anxiety and self-harm. We also discovered some genes interacted with born by CS might influence the risk of anxiety and self-harm, which may provide novel clues for the pathogenesis of those mental disorders.
Access and utilization of healthcare services among Rural-urban migrants in Ghana and Nigeria: scoping review protocol
Authors: Otchere Godfred , Jung Petra 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Internal migration patterns in both Ghana and Nigeria have tended to be more rural-urban since the second half of the 20th century. While this form of migration brings advantages to many, it also has negative impact on health outcomes. People, who migrate from the rural areas to the urban areas in their quest for better opportunities, face unpleasant and difficult conditions when accessing health care. Health system interventions designed to promote access to healthcare services particularly for the vulnerable populations are often highly fragmented and under-resourced. Consequently, rural-urban migrants compromise their health by living unhealthy lifestyles and seeking unprofessional alternative assistance for their ill health, leading to poor health outcomes.The main objective of this review is to describe and synthesize findings from the existing literature to examine rural-urban migrants’ access and utilization of healthcare services in Ghana and Nigeria.Methods: The search strategy for this scoping review will involve the PubMed, Psych INFO, Medline (via OVID), CINAHL, and EconLit electronic databases. A grey literature search will be conducted on websites such as the goggle scholar and the World Health Organization websites to find other relevant articles. The period for the search is from 2012 to 2022. All references will be exported to Endnote library. Two reviewers will independently apply the eligibility criteria to screen full text of selected titles and abstract. Thematic summary and analytical description will be used to analyze the data extracted from the included studies.Discussion: This review is envisaged to provide in-depth understanding of barriers rural-urban migrants face in accessing healthcare, their coping strategies when faced with these barriers, and possible health system interventions to address access problems they face.
Finite-State Parameter Space Maps for Pruning Partitions in Modularity-Based Community Detection
Authors: Gibson Ryan , Mucha Peter 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Partitioning networks into communities of densely connected nodes is an important tool used widely across different applications, with numerous methods and software packages available for community detection. Modularity-based methods require parameters to be selected (or assume defaults) to control the resolution and, in multilayer networks, interlayer coupling. Meanwhile, most useful algorithms are heuristics yielding different near-optimal results upon repeated runs (even at the same parameters). To address these difficulties, we combine recent developments into a simpler framework for pruning a set of partitions to a subset that are self-consistent by an equivalence with stochastic block model (SBM) inference. The pruning typically highlights only a small number of “stable” partitions in our examples. We also derive resolution parameter upper bounds for fitting a constrained SBM of K blocks and demonstrate that these bounds hold in practice, further guiding parameter space regions to consider. With publicly available code (http://github.com/ragibson/ModularityPruning), our pruning procedure provides a new baseline for using modularity-based community detection in practice.
Examining Mental Health Disorders in Overweight and Obese Pediatric Patients
Authors: Carroll Rachel , Bice April A. , Roberto Anka , Prentice Christopher R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction: We investigated the frequency and variation in three mental health diagnoses among obese or overweight children and adolescents.Methods: Logistic regression was used to examine the association between each of the outcome variables – anxiety, depressive, and adjustment disorders – with the following covariates: overweight/obesity status, sex, age, and race.Results: Findings show anxiety, depressive, and adjustment disorder diagnoses were significantly higher for overweight or obese youth in our sample. Additionally, diagnosis rates for one or more of these disorders increase as children grow into adolescence. Further, we found significantly higher rates of depression and significantly lower rates of anxiety among youth who live in places with higher rates of poverty. Discussion: Findings indicate a target age for providers to focus on mental health screening among overweight/obese patients: (a) early adolescence (11-14 years old) for depression and adjustment disorder, and (b) early childhood (2-4 years old) for anxiety disorder.
Risk-adjusted design basis earthquake's adequacy for use in seismic design codes
Authors: Ghayamghamian Mohammad Reza , Zaman Mohammad 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In most buildings’ seismic design codes, the design basis peak ground acceleration (PGADBE) is provided by employing a uniform-hazard approach. However, a new trend in updating seismic codes is to adopt a risk-informed method to estimate the PGADBE so-called risk-adjusted design basis peak ground acceleration (PGARDBE). An attempt is made here to examine the adequacy of the PGARDBE to fulfill the assumptions made in seismic codes for converting the maximum considered earthquake’s (MCE) intensity to PGADBE. To this end, the performance of regular intermediate steel moment frames (IMF) is assessed in terms of collapse margin (CMR) and residual drift ratios in the event of MCE and design basis earthquake (DBE), respectively. The PGARDBEs are computed for Karaj County, Iran. A set of 96 index archetypes of regular IMF is designed considering four design parameters, which include the number of stories (2, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15), span lengths (4 and 8 meters), occupancies (residential and commercial), and seismic demands (0.15, 0.25, 0.35 and 0.45g). Although PGARDBE fulfills the acceptance criteria, results show that it does not necessarily meet the implicit assumption made in codes that the code-conforming buildings designed for the PGADBE have an acceptable CMR if the MCE occurs. This emphasizes that the PGARDBE should not be used without examining the CMR fulfillment. The results recommend that a lower limit needs to be set on PGARDBEs, which is found to be 0.35g for regions with high seismicity. This lower limit is set to achieve at least a CMR of 1.5 in the event of MCE. Outcomes also reveal that the code-conforming buildings designed with the proposed PGARDBE can fulfill both repairability and life-safety performances at the seismic demands of DBE and MCE, respectively. These buildings also have a high chance to be even considered repairable at the seismic demand of MCE. Furthermore, regardless of the employed method for estimating PGADBE, various relationships between design parameters with different performance indicators such as CMR, residual drift ratio, ductility demand, imposed drift ratio, and building’s normalized weight are presented. These relationships can be used to evaluate the buildings’ safety factor against collapse and repairability, justification of using IMF in regions with high seismicity, level of structural and nonstructural damage as well as the economic consequence of changes in PGADBE. Furthermore, they could be incorporated in developing a multi-criteria decision-making tool to decide on the optimum PGADBE leading to an affordable alternative and acceptable life-safety risk.
Consumer Qualities and Potential Relevance of Dairy Alternatives from Domestic Beans and Peas
Authors: Veber Anna , Leonova Svetlana , Kondrateva Oksana 
Published: April 2022

The contemporary market of dairy alternatives offers non-alcohol beverages of plant origin, fermented beverages, tofu, etc. Non-alcohol beverages from germinated beans and peas of Russian varieties are new for Russian consumers. This research featured their prospective market demand, key performance criteria, and market capacity.
The research featured functional products based on vegetable dispersion from germinated peas and beans of Russian cultivars, e.g. beverages, ice cream, tofu, bakery products, etc. The experiment involved standard qualitative and quantitative methods of marketing research and physicochemical studies.
The market analysis of consumer preferences for dairy alternatives established that 29.1% of the population and 70.9% of non-regular customers consistently consume dairy alternatives. The most common segment of population (91.4%) included women aged 20–50. As for the demand, the research provided a ranked list of consumer requirements; each product was tested for compliance with consumer requirements. The Russian bean and pea cultivars were differentiated according to target use. The developed products proved cheaper than their market analogues. In addition, they meet the safety requirements and have fewer calories and more proteins.
The new dairy alternatives appeared to have good competitive quality indicators and are likely to have a high market demand.
New Nitrogen-Containing Raw Materials in Distillate Technology
Authors: Krikunova Ludmila , Dubinina Elena , Peschanskaya Violetta , Ulyanova Ekaterina 
Published: April 2022

Grain bran is used mostly in animal farming and food industry. However, grain bran can also serve as an alternative source of nitrogenous substances in distillate technology. The present research objective was to study the complex of water-soluble nitrogenous compounds in grain bran and to identify the effect of the bran type and its granulometric characteristics on their composition and concentration.
The research featured 30 industrial grain samples of wheat, rye, and triticale, as well as the corresponding bran samples. The total protein was determined by the Kjeldahl method, the size modulus – by sieving. In the bran aqueous phase, the protein content was measured using the Lowry method, the amine nitrogen content – by the copper method, and the free amino acid content – by the high-performance liquid chromatography.
In bran, the content of total protein increased by 16–28%, the proportion of water-soluble forms of nitrogenous compounds increased by 6–29%, and the free amino acids increased by 1.4–2.3 times, if compared with the grain samples. The proportion of soluble proteins in the rye bran was 15–30% higher than in other types. The types of bran had a different content of individual amino acids. A high correlation was observed between the modulus of the bran size, the mass concentration of soluble proteins, and the free amino acids. The proportion of soluble proteins reached 44.1% as the size modulus decreased. The samples of rye bran demonstrated the maximal growth of this indicator. Bran, regardless of the type of raw material and particle size distribution, had a higher concentration of free amino acids in comparison with the original grain. The experiment revealed the following linear dependence: the proportion of free amino acids in bran increased by 46–54% as the size modulus decreased by 0.72–0.85. The article introduces linear dependence equations for each type of bran, as well as the percentage of free amino acids for the change in the size modulus per unit.
Aqueous extracts of small-size rye grain bran proved to have good prospects for distillate technology. According to the evaluation of the nitrogen-containing complex of various grain bran types, small-size rye bran had more advantages in terms of soluble protein forms and free amino acids. Further research will feature the fermentation activity of yeast in distillate production to develop specific sensory properties.
Regional Experience in Supporting the Development of Agricultural Consumer Cooperation
Authors: Suray Natalya , Mirgorodskaya Marina , Kuraev Aleksey , Burlankov Petr , Melnikova Yulia 
Published: April 2022

The development of agricultural consumer cooperation in Russia is one of the main tasks of national food security. The research objective was to analyze the current state of agricultural consumer cooperation in the Lipetsk region, Altai Territory, and the Republic of Tatarstan, as well as their development prospects
The research featured agricultural consumer cooperatives and their market environment. It was based on empirical methods, analysis, synthesis, modeling, and abstraction.
The paper introduces various patterns of formation and development of agricultural cooperation at the regional level. In the Lipetsk region, the number of agricultural consumer cooperatives was found to increase every year. The regional three-level system for managing the development of “region – district – settlement” cooperation proved to be very effective, as did the local cooperation development institutions. The Altai territory appeared to have implemented a pilot model of agricultural consumer cooperation. This model allows cattle farmers who received financial support from the Agrostartup to sell their products to a cooperative. In the Republic of Tatarstan, agricultural consumer cooperation is based on models that are specific for each area.
The Lipetsk region appeared to be on the cutting edge of cooperation development. The three-level management they use coordinates the efforts of local authorities and regional governments in the chain “settlement – district – region”. This integrated approach provides an effective regional system of agricultural consumer cooperation in the Russian Federation.
Pulsed Electric Field Processing as an Effective Tomato Peeling Method
Authors: Khudyakov Dmitry , Sosnin Maxim , Munassar Emad M. A. , Techakanon Chukwan , Siemer Claudia , Toepfl Stefan , Shorstkii Ivan 
Published: April 2022

Electrophysical technologies are a global trend of sustainable agriculture and food industry. Peeling is an energy-intensive procedure of fruit and vegetable processing. The research featured the effect of pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment on tomato peeling effectiveness. The assessment included such factors as specific effort, energy costs, and product losses in comparison with thermal and electrophysical methods.
Tomatoes of Aurora variety underwent a PEF treatment at 1 kV/cm. The expended specific energy was 1, 5, and 10 kJ/kg. The tomatoes were visually evaluated with optical microscopy before and after processing. The peeling effectiveness and mass loss were measured with a texture analyzer and digital scales.
The PEF treatment decreased the specific force of mechanical peel removal by 10% (P < 0.05). The mass loss decreased by 4% (P < 0.05) at 1 kJ/kg. The PEF method resulted in cell electroporation, which activated the internal mass transfer of moisture from the endocarp region between the mesocarp and the integumentary tissue. The hydrostatic pressure produced a layer of liquid, which facilitated the peeling.
In comparison with thermal treatment (blanching), ohmic heating, and ultrasonic processing, the PEF technology had the lowest production losses and energy costs. The research proves the prospects of the PEF treatment in commercial tomato processing.
Antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from hospital wastewater in the Czech Republic
Authors: Roulová Nikola , Mot’ková Petra , Brožková Iveta , Pejchalová Marcela 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Resistant bacteria may leave the hospital environment through wastewater. The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, due to its intrinsic resistance to many antibiotics and its ability to easily acquire antibiotic resistance determinants, poses a significant threat to public health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibiotic resistance profiles of cultivated P. aeruginosa in untreated hospital effluents in the Czech Republic. Fifty-nine P. aeruginosa strains isolated from six hospital wastewaters were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility through the disc diffusion method against seven antimicrobial agents. Resistance was found in all antibiotics tested. The highest resistance values were observed for ciprofloxacin (30.5%), gentamicin (28.8%), and meropenem (27.2%). The P. aeruginosa isolates also exhibited resistance to ceftazidime (11.5%), amikacin (11.5%), piperacillin-tazobactam (11.5%), and aztreonam (8.5%). Seventeen strains of P. aeruginosa (28.8%) were classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR). The results of this study revealed that antibiotic-resistant strains are commonly present in hospital wastewater and are resistant to clinically relevant antipseudomonal drugs. In the absence of an appropriate treatment process for hospital wastewater, resistant bacteria are released directly into public sewer networks, where they can serve as potential vectors for the spread of antibiotic resistance.