bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel strategy to improve hepatocyte differentiation stability through synchronized behavior‐driven mechanical memory of iPSCs
Authors: Kim Mee‐Hae , Thanuthanakhun Naruchit , Kino‐oka Masahiro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCellular homeostasis is assumed to be regulated by the coordination of dynamic behaviors. Lack of efficient methods for synchronizing large quantities of cells makes studying cell culture strategies for bioprocess development challenging. Here, we demonstrate a novel application of botulinum hemagglutinin (HA), an E‐cadherin function‐blocking agent, to synchronize behavior‐driven mechanical memory in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) cultures. Application of HA to hiPSCs resulted in a decrease in actin bundling and disruption of colony formation in a concentration‐and time‐dependent manner. Interestingly, cytoskeleton rearrangement in cells with prolonged exposure to HA resulted in mechanical memory synchronization with Yes‐associated protein, which increased pluripotent cell homogeneity. Synchronized hiPSCs have higher capability to differentiate into functional hepatocytes than unsynchronized hiPSCs, resulting in improved efficiency and robustness of hepatocyte differentiation. Thus, our strategy for cell behavior synchronization before differentiation induction provides an approach against the instability of differentiation of pluripotent cells.
Electron microscopy analysis of soft materials with freeze‐fracture techniques
Authors: Kim Wantae , Yoon Dong Ki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElectron microscopy (EM) is a technique that observes the complex microstructure of a sample with a resolution of several Å using high‐energy electrons with a short wavelength. It is very effective for visualizing nanostructures that would not be observed with an optical microscope. However, there are limitations in that the observation must be carried out with a very thin film in a vacuum, and the electron beam may damage the samples. The sample may be out of the desired state or damaged, and the image may be distorted. As a solution to these problems, a freeze‐fracture technique can be proposed. Freeze‐fracture method is a process of rapidly freezing a sample and then fracturing it to produce a metal replica of the morphology of the bulk of the surface. This article includes an overview and principles of freeze‐fracture techniques and examples of analysis of various soft structures.
How green value co‐creation mediates the relationship between institutional pressure and firm performance: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Tian Hong‐Hong , Huang Shi‐Zheng , Cheablam Onanong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt is a crucial issue for enterprises to resolve environmental protection‐related institutional pressure along with the implementation of strict environmental policies and the enhancement of public environmental awareness. Thus, in this study, we surveyed 312 firms in the Yangtze River Delta of China to investigate the relationship among institutional pressure, green value co‐creation, and firm performance by applying a moderated mediation model. Results indicate that institutional pressure positively affects both green value co‐creation and firm performance, whereas green value co‐creation also has a positive effect on firm performance. Furthermore, green value co‐creation mediates the relationship between institutional pressure and firm performance. However, organizational inertia moderates the mediating effect of green value co‐creation on the correlation between institutional pressure and firm performance. These findings enhance our understanding of the relationship among institutional pressure, green value co‐creation, and firm performance, as well as providing implications for further research and practice.
A challenging case of rheumatoid arthritis‐associated aortitis presenting with erythema nodosum after ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction: A case report
Authors: Kaewnamchai Siripat , Temnithikul Bhakinai , Ruchakorn Nopparat , Angkananard Teeranan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis is a systemic inflammatory disease that has many extra‐articular manifestations. Cardiovascular involvement, including coronary vasculitis and aortitis and skin lesion of erythema nodosum are uncommon findings of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and thus, it is challenging for diagnosis of this case from those unusual extra‐articular presentation.
Idiopathic common carotid artery laceration: A case report
Authors: Suzuki Natsumi , Katoh Mitsuhiko , Koda Kento , Kuriyama Masakazu , Nagano Gentaro , Yasuhara Kazuo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCarotid artery injury is a rare disease often caused by neck trauma or irradiation of head and neck cancer. It is not easy to diagnose quickly without these backgrounds. Herein, we report a case of a 52‐year‐old man with no history of trauma or irradiation whose carotid artery was found to be injured. It was suggested that patients without any other disease but hypertension could have carotid artery injury. Additionally, it was challenging to detect extravasation from the carotid artery by computed tomography scan and ultrasonography in the emergency department. We should consider the possibility of carotid artery injury when examining patients with sudden neck swelling, even without any history of trauma or irradiation.
Limbus vertebrae of the cervical spine: A case report
Authors: Pappa Eleni , Chatzikomninos Ioannis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLimbus vertebra is a common radiological finding in an adult, especially in the mid‐lumbar region. However it is less commonly seen in the mid cervical region. A case of an anterior limbus vertebra seen on the cervical spine on an adult suffering from a T5 fracture is reported.
Optimised Protocol for Drying Aqueous Enzyme Solutions in Organic Solvents – Comparison of Free and Immobilised Candida antarctica Lipase B
Authors: Tjørnelund Helena D. , Brask Jesper , Woodley John M. , Peters Günther H. J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHere, we propose an optimised protocol for controlling the initial water activity (aw) in organic reaction mixtures with soluble lipase to ensure reproducible and consistent enzyme activity measurements. Pre‐equilibration above saturated salt solutions was used to set aw of the reaction media, where aw was tracked with a hygrometer. Consistent stirring of the suspension and volume correction to compensate for solvent evaporation were found to be critical. The protocol was tested on Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) in soluble and immobilised forms in three organic solvents (acetonitrile, methyl tert‐butyl ether, and hexane) at four different water activities ranging from 0.12 to 0.97. Soluble and immobilised CALB had similar aw‐profiles and showed the highest enzyme activity in hexane. The optimised protocol expands the possibility to study enzyme kinetics from immobilised enzymes to soluble enzymes.
Mathematical modeling and simulation of porosity on thermomechanical properties of UHTCs under hypersonic conditions
Authors: Zuccarini Carmine , Ramachandran Karthikeyan , Russo Stefano , Jayakody Yasith C. , Jayaseelan Doni Daniel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUltrahigh temperature ceramics (UHTCs) were analyzed for their suitability in hypersonic flight conditions using balanced heat equations, transport equation, and finite element modeling technique. Mathematical model was derived on the assumption that the induced porosity follows linear and parabolic solutions of Laplace equation and applied external load mimicking hypersonic conditions with critical heat flux ranging between 7 and 44 MW/m2. Simulations were carried out with four different UHTCs combinations and the results outlined a temperature rise exceeding 4700°C with deformation observed on the fixed area and where the heat flux was generated. The influence of porosity had a greater impact on the performance of the material as it led to a reduction in deformation compared to dense samples. Porous UHTCs exhibited a good thermal shock resistance owing to the release of thermal stresses through pores, which also enhanced the thermal insulation of the structure.
Placing CF2 in the Center: Major Physicochemical Changes Upon a Minor Structural Alteration in Gem‐Difunctional Compounds
Authors: Saphier Sigal , Katalan Shahaf , Yacov Guy , Berliner Anat , Redy‐Keisar Orit , Fridkin Gil , Ghindes‐Azaria Lee , Columbus Ishay , Pevzner Alexander , Drug Eyal , Prihed Hagit , Gershonov Eytan , Eichen Yoav , Elias Shlomi , Parvari Galit , Zafrani Yossi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFluorine atoms play an important role in all branches of chemistry and accordingly, it is very important to study their unique and varied effects systematically, in particular, the structure‐physicochemical properties relationship. The present study describes exceptional physicochemical effects resulting from a H/F exchange at the methylene bridge of gem‐difunctional compounds. The Δlog P(CF2‐CH2) values, that is, the change in lipophilicity, observed for the CH2/CF2 replacement in various α,α‐phenoxy‐ and thiophenoxy‐esters/amides, diketones, benzodioxoles and more, fall in the range of 0.6–1.4 units, which for most cases, is far above the values expected for such a replacement. Moreover, for compounds holding more than one such gem‐difunctional moiety, the effect is nearly additive, so one can switch from a hydrophilic compound to a lipophilic one in a limited number of H/F exchanges. DFT studies of some of these systems revealed that polarity, conformational preference as well as charge distributions are strongly affected by such hydrogen to fluorine atom substitution. The pronounced effects described, are a result of the interplay between changes in polarity, H‐bond basicity and molecular volume, which were obtained with a very low ‘cost’ in terms of molecular weight or steric effects and may have a great potential for implementation in various fields of chemical sciences.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hypervalent Pentacoordinate Carbon Compounds Bearing a 7‐6‐7‐Ring Skeleton
Authors: Yamamoto Yohsuke , Shi Yuan , Masui Takashi , Saito Daigo , Inoue Tatsuya , Sato Hitomi , Dohi Chisato , Muneta Emiko , Shang Rong , Nakamoto Masaaki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo stabilize SN2 transition state‐like penta‐coordinate carbon species, triaryl‐substituted cationic carbon compounds bearing a moderately flexible 7‐6‐7‐ring skeleton with sulfur donors were synthesized and characterized. Electronic effects of para substituents (R=Cl, F, H, CH3, SMe, OMe) of the two equatorial aryl groups bound to the cationic central carbon were investigated systematically along with a planar bidentate thioxanthene derivative. X‐ray analysis on their solid‐state structures showed that the parent (R=H), chloro‐, fluoro‐ and methyl‐derivatives were tetracoordinate carbon (sulfonium) structures, while the p‐MeO and thioxanthenyl system were pentacoordinate carbocation structures. The Hammett substituent constants for the para substituents (σp+) correlates well with the bonding in these compounds. The methylthio‐derivative with intermediate Hammett substituent constants (p‐MeS; σp+=−0.60) showed a tetracooridnate solid‐state structure, though solution UV‐Vis properties suggested the presence of a penta‐coordinate structure. These findings amount to the first unambiguous solution evidence of the hypervalent apical 3c–4e interactions in pentacoordinate carbon compounds.
Body mass index during maintenance therapy and relapse risk in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A Children's Oncology Group report
Authors: Wadhwa Aman , Chen Yanjun , Hageman Lindsey , Hoppmann Anna L. , Angiolillo Anne , Dickens David S. , Lew Glen , Neglia Joseph P. , Ravindranath Yaddanapudi , Ritchey A. Kim , Termuhlen Amanda , Wong F. Lennie , Landier Wendy , Bhatia Smita 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundObesity at diagnosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is associated with greater risk of relapse; whether this association extends to obesity during maintenance is unstudied.MethodsThis study used data from AALL03N1 to calculate median body mass index (BMI) for 676 children over 6 consecutive months during maintenance therapy; BMI percentile (BMI%ile) were operationalized as normal/underweight (<85%ile), overweight/obese (85%–98%ile), and extreme obesity (≥99%ile). Hazard of relapse was estimated using multivariable proportional subdistributional hazards regression after adjusting for all relevant demographic and clinical predictors.ResultsMedian age at study enrollment was 6 years and median length of follow‐up was 7.9 years. Overall, 43.3% of the cohort was underweight/normal weight, 44.8% was overweight/obese, and 11.8% had extreme obesity. Cumulative incidence of relapse at 4 years from study enrollment was higher among those with extreme obesity (13.6% ± 4.5%) compared to those with underweight/normal weight (9.0% ± 2.1%). Multivariable analysis revealed that children with extreme obesity had a 2.4‐fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–5.0; p = .01) greater hazard of relapse compared to those who were underweight/normal weight. Overweight/obese patients were at comparable risk to those who were underweight/normal weight (hazard ratio, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.4–1.6). Erythrocyte thioguanine nucleotide (TGN) levels were significantly lower among children with extreme obesity compared to those with underweight/normal weight (141.6 vs. 168.8 pmol/8 × 108 erythrocytes; p = .0002), however, the difference in TGN levels did not explain the greater hazard of relapse among those with extreme obesity.ConclusionsExtreme obesity during maintenance therapy is associated with greater hazard of relapse in children with ALL. Underlying mechanisms of this association needs further investigation.Lay summary

Findings from this study demonstrate that extreme obesity during maintenance therapy is associated with a greater hazard of relapse among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
We show that children with obesity have lower levels of erythrocyte thioguanine nucleotides even after adjusting for adherence to oral chemotherapy.
However, these lower levels do not explain the greater hazard of relapse, paving the way for future studies to explore this association.
Clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and long‐term outcomes associated with epithelial malignancies of the thymus: A 20‐year single‐institution experience
Authors: Altshuler Ellery , Mathavan Akash , Mathavan Akshay , Krekora Urszula , Mathavan Mohit , Hones Keegan , Daily Karen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThymic epithelial tumors are rare and include thymomas and thymic carcinomas. There is scarce literature characterizing prognostic factors and long‐term outcomes in these tumors.AimsThis review aims to describe disease features of thymomas and thymic carcinomas and to report clinical differences among thymoma histological subtypes.Methods and ResultsA retrospective chart review was performed at the University of Florida Shands Hospital, a tertiary care academic medical center in Gainesville, Florida, USA. The review included clinical data of adults with thymic epithelial tumors diagnosed between 2001 and 2021. Significant associations among demographics, histology, stage, and outcomes were investigated. Thymoma subgroup analysis was performed using histological subtype and sex. Forty patients with thymoma and seven patients with thymic carcinoma were included in the final analysis. Among those with thymomas, patients with subtype B1, B2, or B3 tumors were younger, had larger tumors, and presented with higher stage disease when compared to those with subtypes A or AB. Tumor recurrence was most common in subtype B2 and B3 tumors (50.0% and 16.7% vs. 0%; p < .01). However, there was no significant difference in overall survival between histologic subtypes. Compared to females, males with thymomas had superior overall survival (103.0 vs. 62.9 months; p = .021) despite presenting with larger tumors (9.8 vs. 5.8 cm; p = .041). Concomitant myasthenia gravis was associated with increased recurrence but not worsened mortality. Compared to thymomas, patients with thymic carcinoma presented with higher‐stage disease and had poorer 5‐year survival (50.0% vs. 93.1%; p < .01).ConclusionThis study affirmed pathologic stage and resectability as prognostic factors for thymic epithelial tumors. New findings include inferior overall survival in female patients and higher recurrence rates in those with thymomas and concomitant myasthenia gravis.
Pharmacokinetics of the Multi‐kinase Inhibitor Pexidartinib: Mass Balance and Dose Proportionality
Authors: Zahir Hamim , Greenberg Jonathan , Hsu Ching , Watanabe Kengo , Makino Chie , He Ling , LaCreta Frank 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPexidartinib is an oral small‐molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor that selectively targets colony‐stimulating factor 1 receptor. Two phase 1 single‐center trials were conducted in healthy subjects to determine the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of pexidartinib using radiolabeled drug and to assess the dose proportionality of pexidartinib following single oral doses. In the mass balance study, eight male subjects received a single oral dose of [14C]‐pexidartinib 400 mg with radioactivity assessed in plasma, urine, and feces samples taken at various timepoints postdose. In the dose‐proportionality study, 18 subjects received single doses of pexidartinib 200, 400, and 600 mg using randomization sequences. Peak pexidartinib and total radioactivity were observed at 1.75–2.0 hours after the oral dose and then declined in a multiphasic manner. The overall mean recovery of administered radioactivity was 92.2% over 240 hours with 64.8% in the feces and 27.4% in the urine. Major components detected in plasma were pexidartinib and glucuronide (M5, ZAAD‐1006a), with M5 and pexidartinib detected in urine and feces, respectively. A glucuronide of dealkylated form (M1) in the urine and multiple oxidized forms (M2, M3, and M4) in feces were detected. The dose‐proportionality study found dose‐proportional drug exposure between the 200‐ and 400‐mg doses and slightly less than proportional exposure between the 400‐ and 600‐mg doses. These results from these studies provide insight into pexidartinib disposition after oral administration and support the development of dosing guidance in subjects with renal or hepatic impairment or subjects taking cytochrome P450 3A and uridine disphosphate‐glucuronosyl transferase inhibitors and inducers.
ML‐IDSDN: Machine learning based intrusion detection system for software‐defined network
Authors: Alzahrani Abdulsalam O. , Alenazi Mohammed J. F. 
Published: November 2022

SummarySoftware‐defined networking (SDN) has been developed to separate network control plane from forwarding plane which can decrease operational costs and the time it takes to deploy new services compared to traditional networks. Despite these advantages, this technology brings threats and vulnerabilities. Consequently, developing high‐performance real‐time intrusion detection systems (IDSs) to classify malicious activities is a vital part of SDN architecture. This article introduces two created datasets generated from SDN using Mininet and Ryu controller with different feature extraction tools that contain normal traffic and different types of attacks (Fin flood, UDP flood, ICMP flood, OS probe scan, port probe scan, TCP bandwidth flood, and TCP syn flood) that is used for training a number of supervised binary classification machine learning algorithms such as k‐nearest neighbor, AdaBoost, decision tree (DT), random forest, naive Bayes, multilayer perceptron, support vector machine, and XGBoost. The DT algorithm has achieved high scores to fit a real‐time application achieving F1 score on attack class of 0.9995, F1 score on normal class of 0.9983, and throughput score of 6,737,147.275 samples per second with a total number of three features. In addition, using data preprocessing to reduce the model complexity, thereby increasing the overall throughput to fit a real‐time system.
Defective Metal‐Organic Frameworks with Tunable Porosity and Metal Active Sites for Significantly Improved Performance in Styrene Oxidation
Authors: Guo Penghu , Cheng Huicheng , Zeng Xingye , Tao Leiming , Peng Baoxiang , Zhang Shuhua , Fischer Roland A. , Muhler Martin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMetal active sites and sufficient porosity in metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are crucial parameters determining the performances of catalysis, guest molecule adsorption, etc. Herein, through in situ introduction of Ru sites with different levels to Cu‐BTC structure together with post‐synthetic activation at 180 °C, a series of hierarchically porous CuRu‐BTC (HP‐CuRu‐BTC) MOFs were obtained. Besides, selective thermal decomposition (STD) treatment was carried out at 240 °C to further tune the hierarchical pores and metal sites, yielding rare case of metal nanoparticles (NPs)@HP‐CuRu‐BTC composites. After full characterization by XRD, N2 physisorption, SEM, ICP and XPS, these HP‐CuRu‐BTC and NPs@HP‐CuRu‐BTC samples possess high surface area (682–1199 m2 g−1), hierarchical pores and highly distributed metal sites with reduced oxidation states (Cu+ and Ru2+), indicating regulation of both metal sites and hierarchical pores. The HP‐CuRu‐BTC and NPs@HP‐CuRu‐BTC were further employed as catalysts for the heterogeneous styrene oxidation reaction under mild condition. Compared to microporous Cu‐BTC with unary metal component, HP‐CuRu‐BTC‐3 and NPs@HP‐CuRu‐BTC‐3 exhibited more than 2 times higher styrene conversion after 7 hours reaction under same condition.
Prediction of Busulfan Clearance by Predose Plasma Metabolomic Profiling
Authors: McCune Jeannine S. , Navarro Sandi L. , Baker K. Scott , Risler Linda J. , Phillips Brian R. , Randolph Timothy W. , Shireman Laura , Schoch H. Gary , Deeg H. Joachim , Zhang Yuzheng , Men Alex , Maton Loes , Huitema Alwin D. R. 
Published: November 2022

Intravenous busulfan doses are often personalized to a target plasma exposure (targeted busulfan) using an individual’s busulfan clearance (BuCL). We evaluated whether BuCL could be predicted by a predose plasma panel of 841 endogenous metabolomic compounds (EMCs). In this prospective cohort of 132 hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) patients, all had samples collected immediately before busulfan administration (preBU) and 96 had samples collected 2 weeks before busulfan (2‐week‐preBU). BuCL was significantly associated with 37 EMCs after univariate linear regression analysis and controlling for false discovery (< 0.05) in the 132 preBU samples. In parallel, with preBU samples, we included all 841 EMCs in a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator–penalized regression which selected 13 EMCs as predominantly associated with BuCL. Then, we constructed a prediction model by estimating coefficients for these 13 EMCs, along with sex, using ordinary least‐squares. When the resulting linear prediction model was applied to the 2‐week‐preBU samples, it explained 40% of the variation in BuCL (adjusted R2 = 0.40). Pathway enrichment analysis revealed 18 pathways associated with BuCL. Lysine degradation followed by steroid biosynthesis, which aligned with the univariate analysis, were the top two pathways. BuCL can be predicted before busulfan administration with a linear regression model of 13 EMCs. This pharmacometabolomics method should be prioritized over use of a busulfan test dose or pharmacogenomics to guide busulfan dosing. These results highlight the potential of pharmacometabolomics as a precision medicine tool to improve or replace pharmacokinetics to personalize busulfan doses.
Study finds gaps in follow‐up care, especially for transition‐age youth
Authors: Knopf Alison 
Published: November 2022

A study of more than 100,000 emergency room visits and 95,000 mental health hospitalizations of youth and young adults with private insurance found that fewer than half who visited the emergency room, and less than two‐thirds of those who were hospitalized received follow‐up care within 30 days.