bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning from within: Therapists' actions in daily clinical practice
Authors: de Paula‐Ravagnani Gabriela Silveira , Sundet Emeritus Rolf , Guanaes‐Lorenzi Carla 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe integration of theories and techniques is part of family therapists' daily practice, raising the need to understand which resources are used in this professional's clinical actions. Our aim is to reflect on the use of theoretical and technical resources by family therapists in their daily practice. We developed an inquiry process inspired by collaborative action research and social constructionism. Couple and family therapy sessions were conducted by two family therapists, and we developed subsequent dialogs with them focused on describing theoretical and technical inspirations for their actions. Next, we named four categories of actions in this process: exploratory actions, actions for the construction of relational visions, actions for the construction of communication, and actions for family orientation. The therapists‐participants referred to many theoretical and technical resources that inspired their practice. For them, the choice of using one or another resource was based on the demands of the interactive moment, which involves their relational and embodied responses to what was experienced in the sessions. We argue that epistemological coherence is not something that guides the therapist's practice a priori, but something that can be achieved by talking about and reflecting on their actions. This article can contribute to clinical practice and training in family therapy by presenting an interesting reflexive process that can be useful to enhance practice in couple and family therapy (FAPESP, Process n. 2015/21316–1).
Parenting coordination – outcome measurement and prediction: Implications for research and practice
Authors: Or Sharvit Zohar , Sorek Yoa , Honigman Idit 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a formative evaluation study of the parenting coordination pilot program launched in Israel in 2016 at the initiative of the Ministry of Welfare and Social Affairs (At the time the program was launched, the Ministry of Labor, Social Affairs and Social Services) and JDC‐Ashalim. Data was collected on 131 participating families (262 parents) through self‐administered questionnaires filled out by the parents prior to the parenting coordination process (N = 204), telephone interviews with the parents following the process (N = 142), and reports by the parenting coordinators (PCs), submitted online at the conclusion of the process with each participating family (N = 131). Based on the logic model developed as a blueprint for the pilot program, the characteristics and needs of parents in high conflict were identified and desired outcome indicators were accordingly specified; quantitative and qualitative research tools were developed for the study, and the efficacy and outcomes of the parenting coordination pilot program were evaluated. Overall, the findings indicate a significant improvement in the desired outcome indicators. The implications of the findings for research and practice are discussed in the conclusion.
A case of mistaken identity: The wrongful classification of Islamic marriage contracts as premarital agreements in New York
Authors: Sferra Angelina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNew York precedent has mischaracterized Islamic marriage contracts, or nikah agreements, as premarital agreements. Nikah agreements are not premarital agreements; they are contracts. This mischaracterization has subjected nikah agreements to the acknowledgement requirement codified in N.Y. DRL § 236(B)(3) which has incorrectly been used to strike down valid contracts which Islamic litigants rely on. To prevent the effects of this mischaracterization, this Note suggests to New York appellate courts that a recharacterization of these agreements as contracts would prevent further confusion amongst the lower courts and allow for clearer, more uniform decisions.
A genome‐wide association study identifies a new variant associated with word reading fluency in Chinese children
Authors: Wang Zhengjun , Zhao Shunan , Zhang Liming , Yang Qing , Cheng Chen , Ding Ning , Zhu Zijian , Shu Hua , Liu Chunyu , Zhao Jingjing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractReading disability exhibited defects in different cognitive domains, including word reading fluency, word reading accuracy, phonological awareness, rapid automatized naming and morphological awareness. To identify the genetic basis of Chinese reading disability, we conducted a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) of the cognitive traits related to Chinese reading disability in 2284 unrelated Chinese children. Among the traits analyzed in the present GWAS, we detected one genome‐wide significant association (p < 5 × 10−8) on word reading fluency for one SNP on 4p16.2, within EVC genes (rs6446395, p = 7.33 × 10−10). Rs6446395 also showed significant association with Chinese character reading accuracy (p = 2.95 × 10−4), phonological awareness (p = 7.11 × 10−3) and rapid automatized naming (p = 4.71 × 10−3), implying multiple effects of this variant. The eQTL data showed that rs6446395 affected EVC expression in the cerebellum. Gene‐based analyses identified a gene (PRDM10) to be associated with word reading fluency at the genome‐wide level. Our study discovered a new candidate susceptibility variant for reading ability and provided new insights into the genetics of developmental dyslexia in Chinese children.
Trends and issues of social annotation in education: A systematic review from 2000 to 2020
Authors: Sun Chunmei , Hwang Gwo‐Jen , Yin Zhaoyi , Wang Zhonghou , Wang Zhuo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundSocial annotation (SA) allows users to collaboratively highlight important texts, make comments and discuss with each other on the same online document. This would not only accelerate and deepen learners' cognitive understanding of information, but also help build a sense of rapport, which is critical especially because of the worldwide shift from face‐to‐face class to remote education as a response to the COVID‐19 pandemic.ObjectiveTo provide a systematic review of empirical SA studies, so that current development as well as issues in SA practices and research are identified.MethodsA total of 32 studies were identified and bibliometrical, instructional, and methodological analysis were conducted.Results and ConclusionsThe United States has published the most SA research and technology‐related journals are most receptive of SA research; one‐shot quantitative designs with a sample size between 30 and 100 have been adopted most often; there is a lack of theoretical support for SA studies; higher education settings have been more frequently researched than other educational levels; SA technological features and activities have focused more on student uses and outcomes than on those of instructors; self‐designed technologies were more preferred than commercial ones; both cognitive and affective outcomes were emphasized and nearly all studies reported positive findings.ImplicationsFuture SA studies may conduct blended designs with larger sample sizes that is grounded upon solid theoretical frameworks; more customized and affordable SA technologies that support both students and teachers should be developed. Learning analytics and emotional design may be capitalized more to meet the demand of remote education during the pandemic.
Determining the clinical applicability of machine learning models through assessment of reporting across skin phototypes and rarer skin cancer types: A systematic review
Authors: Steele Lloyd , Tan Xiang Li , Olabi Bayanne , Gao Jing Mia , Tanaka Reiko J. , Williams Hywel C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMachine learning (ML) models for skin cancer recognition may have variable performance across different skin phototypes and skin cancer types. Overall performance metrics alone are insufficient to detect poor subgroup performance. We aimed (1) to assess whether studies of ML models reported results separately for different skin phototypes and rarer skin cancers, and (2) to graphically represent the skin cancer training datasets used by current ML models. In this systematic review, we searched PubMed, Embase and CENTRAL. We included all studies in medical journals assessing an ML technique for skin cancer diagnosis that used clinical or dermoscopic images from 1 January 2012 to 22 September 2021. No language restrictions were applied. We considered rarer skin cancers to be skin cancers other than pigmented melanoma, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. We identified 114 studies for inclusion. Rarer skin cancers were included by 8/114 studies (7.0%), and results for a rarer skin cancer were reported separately in 1/114 studies (0.9%). Performance was reported across all skin phototypes in 1/114 studies (0.9%), but performance was uncertain in skin phototypes I and VI from minimal representation of the skin phototypes in the test dataset (9/3756 and 1/3756, respectively). For training datasets, although public datasets were most frequently used, with the most widely used being the International Skin Imaging Collaboration (ISIC) archive (65/114 studies, 57.0%), the largest datasets were private. Our review identified that most ML models did not report performance separately for rarer skin cancers and different skin phototypes. A degree of variability in ML model performance across subgroups is expected, but the current lack of transparency is not justifiable and risks models being used inappropriately in populations in whom accuracy is low.
Health shocks and mortgage debt payoff among American homeowners over age 50: A survival analysis
Authors: Zhang Qun , Kim Hyungsoo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMortgage debt is financially burdensome for many older homeowners in the United States. As people age, declining health can bring about increased healthcare costs. Focusing on homeowners aged 50 and older in the U.S., we investigate two research questions: (1) To what extent does a heath shock affect the likelihood of paying off a mortgage voluntarily or involuntarily? and (2) how long does a health shock delay the time it takes to pay off a mortgage? We used eight biannual waves (2004–2018) of the Health and Retirement Study containing 11,772 borrowers to build survival regression models. Results showed that a health shock reduced the likelihood of voluntary payoff by 12%, while it increased the probability of involuntary payoff by 18%. A health shock delayed voluntary and involuntary payoffs for 30 and 21 months, respectively. We discuss tax deduction and HELOCs as strategies to reduce older homeowners' mortgage strain.
Risk of alanine aminotransferase flare in patients with previous hepatitis B virus exposure on biological modifier therapies—A population‐based study
Authors: Ho Jacky C. L. , Mak Joyce W. Y. , Yip Terry C. F. , Lam Hong Man , Cheng Tsz Yan , Lam Tsz On , Tam Lai Shan , Law Man Fai , Cheung Carmen K. M. , Ng Siew C. , Wong Vincent W. S. , Wong Grace L. H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt is uncertain whether biological therapies would increase the risk of hepatitis among patients with past hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) flare in patients with past HBV infection while using biological therapies.MethodologyPatients who received biological therapies for ≥3 months from 2000 to 2019 were identified from a population‐based database in Hong Kong. Patients with past HBV infection were compared with a control group without prior HBV exposure. The primary endpoint was development of ALT flare within 5 years of starting biological therapies, defined as ALT >80 IU/L.ResultsThere were 2471 and 2394 patients with and without past HBV infection respectively. There was a non‐significant increase in risk of ALT flare among the HBV‐exposed group (27.6% vs. 23.7%, p = .055). In multivariable analysis, using prednisolone‐equivalent dose of >20 mg daily, male sex and concomitant immunosuppressants were risk factors for ALT flare. The risk of ALT flare was significantly higher with anti‐CD20 when compared to other biological agents (36.1% vs. 14.5%, p < .01), but was not significantly different among anti‐tumour necrosis factor, anti‐cytokine, Janus kinase inhibitors and T cell/B cell inhibitors or anti‐integrin (15.2% vs. 14.6% vs. 11.7% vs. 11.1%, p = .82). Among patients with documented hepatitis B surface antigen seroreversion, 96% were on anti‐CD20.ConclusionsOur study further supports the current suggestion of prophylactic anti‐viral before starting anti‐CD20 in HBV‐exposed patients. While other biological therapies appear to have a lower risk for ALT flare, this result needs further confirmation.
Optimization of a commercial Histoplasma galactomannan EIA test in a population from an endemic area of histoplasmosis in southern Brazil
Authors: Blan Bianca dos Santos , Poester Vanice Rodrigues , Basso Rossana Patricia , Benelli Jéssica Louise , Sanchotene Karine Ortiz , Caceres Diego H. , Doherty Brian , Pasqualotto Alessandro Comarú , Xavier Melissa Orzechowski 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundSince 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends Histoplasma antigen detection for the diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) in people living with HIV (PLHIV).ObjectiveHere we aimed to optimise the IMMY's Clarus® Histoplasma GM enzyme immunoassay (EIA), evaluating the best cut‐off in the semi‐quantitative (SQ‐HGM EIA), also known as ‘calibrator cut‐off procedure’.MethodsThe optimization was done using the quantitative standard procedure (Q‐HGM EIA), also known as ‘standard curve procedure’, as reference test. A retrospective study from an endemic area of DH in southern Brazil was carried out including 264 patients investigated for DH using the test. Receiver Operator Characteristic curve was plotted, and sensitivity and specificity of the SQ‐HGM EIA were calculated.ResultsThe study included 24 positive (values ≥ 0.20 ng/ml) and 240 negative patients by the Q‐HGM EIA. According to the manufacturer SQ‐HGM EIA protocol, the new SQ‐HGM EIA cut‐off of 0.8 EIA units was validated, resulting in sensitivity and specificity of 88% and 98.7%, respectively.ConclusionOur study pioneers and brings important data about the optimization of the Histoplasma antigen testing for the diagnosis of DH in a population from Southern Brazil. This optimization also reduced the amount of reagents used, lowering the cost associated with testing.
Nationalism, populism or peopleism? Clarifying the distinction through a two‐dimensional lens
Authors: Vulović Marina , Palonen Emilia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPrompted by recent scholarly debates on the distinction between populism and nationalism, we elaborate on the Laclaudian understanding of populism as an antagonistic form of us‐building/community‐making that relies on the extension of equivalential chains between demands. From this heuristic perspective, populism can be understood as an empty form to be filled with different contents, such as nationalism. Our radically anti‐essentialist stance combines Laclau's formalist conceptualisation of populism and Brubaker's work on nationalism. We highlight the ontological dimension of populism, as a form of us‐building, and the ontic dimension, as an array of discursive repertoires that fill the form, such as ‘the people’ for peopleism. We explore the ontological–ontic distinction through the case of Narodism in Serbia. Conceptualising populism two‐dimensionally contributes both to debates on the ‘core’ of populism and to cases where articulations of ‘the people’ coincide with expressions of nationhood, civilisationalism and culturalism, rather than being entirely the same.
N6‐methyladenosine promotes osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs from periodontitis patients
Authors: Zhang Xiaochen , Liu Jia , Gao Jie , Sun Weifu , Chen Xin , Wang Xian , Qin Wen , Jin Zuolin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the mechanism of N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) in the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) from periodontitis patients.MethodsDifferentially m6A‐methylated lncRNA/mRNA profiles were detected by a m6A epitranscriptomic microarray. Bioinformatics analysis was performed by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis. The transfection efficiency of the lentivirus was detected. The osteogenic activity of PDLSCs from periodontitis patients (PPDLSCs) was assessed.ResultsThe microarray results showed that 275 lncRNAs and 1292 mRNAs were significantly differentially methylated between PPDLSCs and PDLSCs from healthy people. Among those lncRNAs, lncRNA4114 (transcript_ID: ENST00000444114) showed both reduced m6A methylation levels and expression levels in PPDLSCs. Further bioinformatics analysis predicted that the differentially methylated mRNAs were mainly involved in cell interaction, stem cell pluripotency, and osteogenic differentiation signals. Then, overexpression of methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3) promoted the osteogenic differentiation of PPDLSCs, while knocking down METTL3 showed an inhibitory effect. Furthermore, METTL3 overexpression promotes the stability of lncRNA4114 to upregulate the expression level. Moreover, lncRNA4114 overexpression promoted the osteogenic differentiation of PPDLSCs.ConclusionMETTL3 promotes the osteogenic differentiation of PPDLSCs by regulating the stability of lncRNA4114.
Dental calculus microbiome correlates with dietary intake
Authors: Innocenti Gabriel , Martino Maria Elena , Stellini Edoardo , Di Fiore Adolfo , Quagliariello Andrea 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundDental calculus is the result of dental plaque mineralization, originating from the tooth‐associated bacterial biofilm. Recent evidence revealed that the dental calculus microbiome has a more complex composition than previously considered, including an unstructured mix of both aerobes and anaerobes bacteria. Actually, we lack information about the influence of host lifestyle factors, such as diet and health on this highly biodiverse ecosystem. Here, we provide a pilot study investigating dental calculus microbial biodiversity and its relation with the host diet.MethodsWe collected 40 dental calculus samples during routine dental inspection; deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted and analyzed through 16S amplicon sequencing, while dietary information was retrieved through a questionnaire. Associations between diet and oral bacteria taxonomy and functional pathways were statistically tested.ResultsOverall, microbiome composition was dominated by 10 phyla and 39 bacterial genera, which were differently distributed among samples. Cluster analysis revealed four main groups based on the taxonomic profile and two groups based on functional pathways. Each taxonomic cluster was dominated by different microbial biomarkers: Streptococcus, Rothia, Tannerella, Lautropia, and Fusobacterium. Bacteria genera and pathways were also associated with specific dietary elements, especially vegetable and fruit intake suggesting an overall effect of diet on dental calculus microbiome.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates that there exists an inter‐variability in the microbial composition of dental calculus among individuals of a rather homogeneous population. Furthermore, the observed biodiversity and microbial functions can find an association with specific dietary habits, such as a high‐fiber diet or a protein‐rich diet.
Efforts and their feelings
Authors: Bermúdez Juan Pablo , Massin Olivier 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEffort and the feeling of effort play important roles in many theoretical discussions, from perception to self‐control and free will, from the nature of ownership to the nature of desert and achievement. A crucial, overlooked distinction within the philosophical and scientific literatures is the distinction between theories that seek to explain effort and theories that seek to explain the feeling of effort. Lacking a clear distinction between these two phenomena makes the literature hard to navigate. To advance in the unification and development of this area, this article provides an overview of the main theories of the nature of effort and the nature of the feeling of effort, and then discusses how efforts and their feelings are related. Two key takeaways emerge. First, there is widespread agreement that efforts are goal‐directed actions. Second, one of the main philosophical issues to be decided is whether feelings of effort should be defined by reference to efforts (effort‐first approach), or whether efforts are defined by reference to the feeling of effort (feeling‐first approach).
Unjust enrichment in investor–State arbitration: A principled limit on compensation for future income from fossil fuels
Authors: Hailes Oliver 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIf States take seriously the Paris Agreement's mitigation goal by phasing out the use of fossil fuels in energy production, investor–State arbitration could allow claimants to recoup lost value. In awards of compensation, tribunals typically apply forward‐looking, income‐based valuation methods to quantify future cash flows. But such methods may lead to upward redistribution of wealth and expansion of fossil fuel production. This article recalls the prohibition against unjust enrichment as a general principle of law that complements the obligation to make full reparation by ensuring that any compensation does not undermine some legally recognized allocation of benefits and burdens. The Paris Agreement's distributive scheme may thus impose a principled limit on compensation for future income from stranded fossil fuel assets when a tribunal determines the appropriate method of valuation, thereby ensuring that investor–State arbitration does not enrich claimants to the detriment of State capacity in climate mitigation and adaptation.
Divergence versus decisionP‐values: A distinction worth making in theory and keeping in practice: Or, how divergenceP‐values measure evidence even when decisionP‐values do not
Authors: Greenland Sander 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThere are two distinct definitions of “P‐value” for evaluating a proposed hypothesis or model for the process generating an observed dataset. The original definition starts with a measure of the divergence of the dataset from what was expected under the model, such as a sum of squares or a deviance statistic. AP‐value is then the ordinal location of the measure in a reference distribution computed from the model and the data, and is treated as a unit‐scaled index of compatibility between the data and the model. In the other definition, aP‐value is a random variable on the unit interval whose realizations can be compared to a cutoff α to generate a decision rule with known error rates under the model and specific alternatives. It is commonly assumed that realizations of such decisionP‐values always correspond to divergenceP‐values. But this need not be so: DecisionP‐values can violate intuitive single‐sample coherence criteria where divergenceP‐values do not. It is thus argued that divergence and decisionP‐values should be carefully distinguished in teaching, and that divergenceP‐values are the relevant choice when the analysis goal is to summarize evidence rather than implement a decision rule.