bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogeochemical responses of cave drip water to the local climate in the Liangfeng Cave, Southwest China
Authors: Wu Xia , Pan Moucheng , Yin Jianjun , Zhang Meiliang , Cao Jianhua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The hydrogeochemistry of cave drip water is an important environmental index in cave systems, and drip water monitoring may be an essential solution for paleoclimate reconstructions. We measured the hydrogeochemical properties of the seasonal and perennial drip water and CO2 concentrations from 2015 to 2019 in the Liangfeng Cave, Guilin, Southwest China. This study identified the difference in the regional environmental records in the perennial and seasonal drip water. By comparing the regional climate data recorded by the drip water, the results showed that the perennial drip water recorded regional climate information throughout the year, whereas the seasonal drip water only recorded the high precipitation periods. The precipitation during the 2015 dry season was abnormally high, and higher than the values in other rainy seasons. This indicates that hydrogeochemistry only represents changes in precipitation and not the alternation of dry and rainy seasons during this period.
The Crystal Structure of Wild-Type Growth Hormone at 2.5 a Resolution
Authors: Chantalat L. , Jones N.D. , Korber F. , Navaza J. , Pavlovsky A.G. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
The three-dimensional structure of uncomplexed natural sequence recombinant human growth hormone has been determined to 2.5 A. resolution by means of X-ray crystallographic techniques. The structure was solved using molecular replacement with a model of a hGH variant. The crystallographic refinement of the structure gave a final R-factor of 21.3% for data in the range from 8 to 2.5 A.
An Insight into the Functional Benefit of Phenolic Acids from Whole
Grains: An Update
Authors: Chauhan Monika , Mahanty Jayshree , Kumar Sudhir , Singh Harjeet , Sharma Alok 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Plant metabolites are known for their beneficial effects on human health. Whole
grains are also called as a virtuous source of staple food and phenolic acids. These acids are present
in whole grains abundantly in three forms, free, conjugated, and bound. From the entire content
of phenolic acids in whole grains, an abundance of bound phenolic acids is about 70-95%.
The bioavailability of phenolic acids varies from simple molecules to complex molecules. However,
mechanical cooking influences phenolic acid's structural and functional composition. These
natural phenolic acids exhibit several pharmacological activities such as antioxidant effect, antiinflammatory,
antimicrobial, and anticancer properties within the physiological system. The present
review covers the research and development of crucial whole grain products and nutraceuticals
by providing insights to analytical methods, bioavailability, bioaccessibility and health benefits
of phenolic acids. Additionally, this review encompasses recent information on the evaluation
of complete grains, including contemporary strategies for assessing the bioavailability of
phenolic acid.
Contribution of Pharmaceutical Care to Person-centered Health Care and
the Safety of Pharmacotherapy for Hospitalized Older Individuals in Brazil:
An Investigative Single-arm Intervention Trial
Authors: de Oliveira Alan Maicon , Varallo Fabiana Rossi , Rodrigues João Paulo Vilela , Aguilar Guilherme José , da Costa Lima Nereida Kilza , Leira Pereira Leonardo Régis 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Adverse drug events (ADE) and medication errors (ME) provide large numbers of victims. Older people are more susceptible to these events, due to the continuing search for several chronic degenerative disease treatments. The Third Global Patient Safety Challenge announced the objective of reducing unnecessary polypharmacy, encouraging deprescription, and aiming to ensure the prescription of medications in an appropriate manner, based on the best evidence and taking into account the individual factors of people.

Objective:
To evaluate whether the Pharmaceutical Care (PC), when inserted in a geriatric ward and in the context of person-centered health care, cooperates with the safety of pharmacotherapy in older individuals in Brazil.

Methods:
This is an investigative, single-arm, preliminary study. Inclusion criteria: individuals aged ≥60 years and admitted in the geriatric ward between August 2019 to January 2020. The PC (with the practice of pharmacotherapeutic follow-up, medication reconciliation, and pharmacotherapy review) was made available to identifying ADE and ME, as well as the associated factors and clinical outcomes, were analyzed.

Results:
60 participants were included. It was found that, on hospital admission, 93.3% of them were polymedicated and 86.7% had a history of using potentially inappropriate medications (PIM). ADE and ME were detected in 43 individuals (71.7%) and, in total, 115 incidents were identified, with drugs that act on the nervous system associated with them (31.9%). Acceptance of the PC's recommendations reached the rate of 85.2%. Polypharmacy (p=0.03) and the presence of multiple diseases (p=0.03) had effect on the presentation of ADE and ME. The number of medications in use decreased in the comparison between admission and hospital discharge (p<0.0001).

Conclusion:
This investigative study indicated that ADE and ME are linked to the polypharmacy in use at the beginning of hospitalization. On the other hand, we showed that the PC (inserted in the multidisciplinary team) contributed to the deprescribing of medications at hospital discharge. Therefore, the PC can provide improvements in this scenario.

Trial registration:
Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (registration number: RBR-34f2px4).
Smartphone Addiction among Students and its Harmful Effects on Mental
Health, Oxidative Stress, and Neurodegeneration towards Future
Modulation of Anti-Addiction Therapies: A Comprehensive Survey based
on SLR, Research Questions, and Network Visualization Techniques
Authors: Akhtar Faijan , Patel Parth K. , Heyat Md Belal Bin , Yousaf Saba , Baig Atif Amin , Mohona Rashenda Aziz , Mutoffar Muhamad Malik , Bhattacharya Tanima , Teelhawod Bibi Nushrina , Li Jian Ping , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , Wu Kaishun 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Addiction is always harmful to the human body. Smartphone addiction also affects students' mental and physical health.

Aim:
This study aims to determine the research volume conducted on students who are affected by smartphone addiction and design a database. We intended to highlight critical problems for future research. In addition, this paper enterprises a comprehensive and opinion-based image of the smartphone-addicted students.

Methodology:
We used two types of methods, such as systematic literature review and research questions
based on the Scopus database to complete this study. We found 27 research articles and 11885 subjects
(mean ±SD: 440.19 ± 513.58) using the PRISMA technique in this study. Additionally, we have deeply
investigated evidence to retrieve the current understanding of smartphone addiction from physical changes,
mental changes, behavioural changes, impact on performance, and significant concepts. Furthermore,
the effect of this addiction has been linked to cancers, oxidative stress, and neurodegenerative disorders.

Results:
This work has also revealed the future direction and research gap on smartphone addiction among students and has also tried to provide goals for upcoming research to be accomplished more significantly and scientifically.

Conclusion:
This study suggests future analysis towards identifying novel molecules and pathways for the treatment and decreasing the severity of mobile addiction.
Congenital Bleeding Disorders and COVID-19 - An Emphasis on the Role
of Thrombosis as One of the Main Causes of Morbidity and Mortality in
COVID-19
Authors: Dorgalaleh Akbar , Narouei Fatemeh , Asadi Mansur , Khamsi Hassan Morovati , Gholami Mohammad Saeed 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
A turbulent coagulation system is a prominent feature of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), with venous thromboembolism (VTE) a leading cause of death. Our hypothesis is that patients with inherited hypocoagulability, like congenital bleeding disorders (CBD), enjoy a protective effect against COVID-19-induced hypercoagulability and related fatal consequences. Our primary and follow-up observations revealed this effect, at least among patients with moderate to severe congenital bleeding disorders, particularly coagulation factor deficiencies. Theoretically, patients with inherited hypocoagulobility have only a potential protective effect against COVID-19-related hypercoagulability. Yet the lower rate of morbidity and mortality in patients with CBDs suggests that hypercoagulability and thrombotic events are the main cause of death in COVID-19. Therefore, appropriate and timely administration of anticoagulants could significantly decrease the rate of morbidity and mortality in COVID-19.
Effects of a Short-term Training Program on the Technical Performance of Shuttlecock Athletes Aged 10-11
Authors: Nguyen Van Hoa , Nguyen Quang Vinh , Phung Xuan Dung , Nguyen Quang Son , Hoang Ha 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Shuttlecock has become a popular sport in Vietnam, turning into a strength of the country. It is a sport with diverse techniques and is challenging to practice. To train shuttlecock athletes, coaches need to give the technical training appropriately from the early stage of the training process.

Methods:
The current study evaluated the effectiveness of a short-term skill training program on the technical abilities of young shuttlecock athletes. Seventeen adolescent shuttlecock athletes (10 to 11 years) playing for two shuttlecock teams in Ho Chi Minh City were divided into the experimental group (n=9) and the control group (n=8). The training program included five sessions per week (60 minutes of practicing technical skills each), and it was conducted for three months. Sixteen exercises were chosen to develop the experimental group’s technical skills, such as serving, spiking, passing, and slamming for the experimental group. The study also developed a skill-testing battery that was reliable and valid to assess the technical abilities of the participants.

Results:
The results showed that the experimental group’s technical performance (W=19.47%) was much better than those of the control group (W=12.85%).

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the short-term training program effectively enhanced the technical performance of the young shuttlecock athletes.
Ayurvedic Herbs Advised for COVID-19 Management: Therapeutic
Potential and Clinical Relevance
Authors: Kumar Awanish , Gupta Prashant Kumar , Sonewane Kishor , Rajan Mariappan , Chauhan Nagendra Singh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide. There is no effective medication for COVID-
19 as of now, so it would be good to take preventive measures that not only boost our immunity but
also fight against infections. The use of traditional Chinese medicine in China to treat COVID-19
patients sets the prototype demonstrating that traditional medicines can contribute to prevention and
treatment successfully. In India, the Ministry of AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy)
released a self-care advisory during the COVID-19 crisis as a preventive aspect. This review
article discusses the therapeutic potential and clinical relevance of some herbs [(Tulsi (Ocimum
sanctum), Haridra (Curcuma longa), Tvaka (Cinnamon), Maricha (Piper longum), Shunthi (Zingiber
officinale), Munakka (Dried grapes), Lavang (Syzigiumaromaticum), Pudina (Mentha arvensis),
and Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi)] advised by AUYSH to take during COVID-19 infection. They
are effective in COVID-19 management, therefore, authors have discussed their detailed traditional
uses as therapeutics and spotted scientific insight and clinical significance of the herbs mentioned
above along with their mechanistic viewpoint, adequately, on a single platform. Provided information
could be a treasure to open up a new research arena on natural products to manage human
health crises effectively, caused not only by COVID-19 but also by other infectious diseases.
Attention-Based Models for Classifying Small Data Sets Using Community-Engaged Research Protocols: Classification System Development and Validation Pilot Study
Authors: Ferrell Brian J , Raskin Sarah E , Zimmerman Emily B , Timberline David H , McInnes Bridget T , Krist Alex H 
Published: June 2022

Background
Community-engaged research (CEnR) is a research approach in which scholars partner with community organizations or individuals with whom they share an interest in the study topic, typically with the goal of supporting that community’s well-being. CEnR is well-established in numerous disciplines including the clinical and social sciences. However, universities experience challenges reporting comprehensive CEnR metrics, limiting the development of appropriate CEnR infrastructure and the advancement of relationships with communities, funders, and stakeholders.

Objective
We propose a novel approach to identifying and categorizing community-engaged studies by applying attention-based deep learning models to human participants protocols that have been submitted to the university’s institutional review board (IRB).

Methods
We manually classified a sample of 280 protocols submitted to the IRB using a 3- and 6-level CEnR heuristic. We then trained an attention-based bidirectional long short-term memory unit (Bi-LSTM) on the classified protocols and compared it to transformer models such as Bidirectional Encoder Representations From Transformers (BERT), Bio + Clinical BERT, and Cross-lingual Language Model–Robustly Optimized BERT Pre-training Approach (XLM-RoBERTa). We applied the best-performing models to the full sample of unlabeled IRB protocols submitted in the years 2013-2019 (n>6000).

Results
Although transfer learning is superior, receiving a 0.9952 evaluation F1 score for all transformer models implemented compared to the attention-based Bi-LSTM (between 48%-80%), there were key issues with overfitting. This finding is consistent across several methodological adjustments: an augmented data set with and without cross-validation, an unaugmented data set with and without cross-validation, a 6-class CEnR spectrum, and a 3-class one.

Conclusions
Transfer learning is a more viable method than the attention-based bidirectional-LSTM for differentiating small data sets characterized by the idiosyncrasies and variability of CEnR descriptions used by principal investigators in research protocols. Despite these issues involving overfitting, BERT and the other transformer models remarkably showed an understanding of our data unlike the attention-based Bi-LSTM model, promising a more realistic path toward solving this real-world application.
Experiences of Using the Digital Support Tool MeeToo: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Ravaccia Giulia Gaia , Johnson Sophie Laura , Morgan Nicholas , Lereya Suzet Tanya , Edbrooke-Childs Julian 
Published: June 2022

Background
Digital peer support is an increasingly used form of mental health support for young people. However, there is a need for more research on the impact of digital peer support and why it has an impact.

Objective
The aim of this research is to examine young people’s experiences of using a digital peer support tool: MeeToo. After the time of writing, MeeToo has changed their name to Tellmi. MeeToo is an anonymous, fully moderated peer support tool for young people aged 11-25 years. There were two research questions: (1) What impacts did using MeeToo have on young people? (2) Why did using MeeToo have these impacts on young people?

Methods
A mixed methods study was conducted. It involved secondary analysis of routinely collected feedback questionnaires, which were completed at two time points (T1 and T2) 2-3 months apart. Questionnaires asked about young people’s (N=876) experience of using MeeToo, mental health empowerment, and well-being. Primary data were collected from semistructured interviews with 10 young people.

Results
Overall, 398 (45.4%) of 876 young people completed the T1 questionnaire, 559 (63.8%) completed the T2 questionnaire, and 81 (9.2%) completed both. Descriptive statistics from the cross-sectional analysis of the questionnaires identified a range of positive impacts of using MeeToo, which included making it easier to talk about difficult things, being part of a supportive community, providing new ways to help oneself, feeling better, and feeling less alone. Subgroup analysis (paired-sample t test) of 58 young females who had completed both T1 and T2 questionnaires showed a small but statistically significant increase in levels of patient activation, one of the subscales of the mental health empowerment scale: time 1 mean=1.83 (95% CI 1.72-1.95), time 2 mean=2.00 (95% CI 1.89-2.11), t59=2.15, and P=.04. Anonymity and the MeeToo sense of community were identified from interviews as possible reasons for why using MeeToo had these impacts. Anonymity helped to create a safe space in which users could express their feelings, thoughts, and experiences freely without the fear of being judged by others. The MeeToo sense of community was described as a valuable form of social connectedness, which in turn had a positive impact on young people’s mental health and made them feel less isolated and alone.

Conclusions
The findings of this research showed a range of positive impacts and possible processes for young people using MeeToo. Future research is needed to examine how these impacts and processes can be sustained.
Identifying the Risk of Sepsis in Patients With Cancer Using Digital Health Care Records: Machine Learning–Based Approach
Authors: Yang Donghun , Kim Jimin , Yoo Junsang , Cha Won Chul , Paik Hyojung 
Published: June 2022

Background
Sepsis is diagnosed in millions of people every year, resulting in a high mortality rate. Although patients with sepsis present multimorbid conditions, including cancer, sepsis predictions have mainly focused on patients with severe injuries.

Objective
In this paper, we present a machine learning–based approach to identify the risk of sepsis in patients with cancer using electronic health records (EHRs).

Methods
We utilized deidentified anonymized EHRs of 8580 patients with cancer from the Samsung Medical Center in Korea in a longitudinal manner between 2014 and 2019. To build a prediction model based on physical status that would differ between sepsis and nonsepsis patients, we analyzed 2462 laboratory test results and 2266 medication prescriptions using graph network and statistical analyses. The medication relationships and lab test results from each analysis were used as additional learning features to train our predictive model.

Results
Patients with sepsis showed differential medication trajectories and physical status. For example, in the network-based analysis, narcotic analgesics were prescribed more often in the sepsis group, along with other drugs. Likewise, 35 types of lab tests, including albumin, globulin, and prothrombin time, showed significantly different distributions between sepsis and nonsepsis patients (P<.001). Our model outperformed the model trained using only common EHRs, showing an improved accuracy, area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC), and F1 score by 11.9%, 11.3%, and 13.6%, respectively. For the random forest–based model, the accuracy, AUROC, and F1 score were 0.692, 0.753, and 0.602, respectively.

Conclusions
We showed that lab tests and medication relationships can be used as efficient features for predicting sepsis in patients with cancer. Consequently, identifying the risk of sepsis in patients with cancer using EHRs and machine learning is feasible.
News Coverage of Colorectal Cancer on Google News: Descriptive Study (Preprint)
Authors: Basch Corey H , Hillyer Grace C , Jacques Erin T 
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the United States. The incidence and prevalence of CRC have historically increased with age. Although rates of CRC in the United States have been decreasing over the past decades among those aged ≥65 years, there has been an uptick among those in younger age brackets. Google News is one of the biggest traffic drivers to top news sites. It aggregates and shares news highlights from multiple sources worldwide and organizes them by content type. Despite the widespread use of Google News, research is lacking on the type of CRC content represented in this news source.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to analyze content related to CRC screening and prevention in Google News articles published during National Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month (March 2022).

METHODS

Data collection for this cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2022—National Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month. Using the term <i>colorectal cancer</i>, 100 English-language Google News articles were extracted and coded for content. A combined approach—deductive and inductive coding—was utilized. Descriptive analyses were conducted, and frequency distributions were reported. Univariable analyses were performed to assess differences between articles that mentioned CRC screening and those that did not via chi-square tests.

RESULTS

Of the 100 articles reviewed, nearly half (n=49, 49%) were created by health news organizations, and another 27% (n=27) were created by television news services. The predominant themes in the content included age at the onset of disease (n=59, 59%), mortality related to CRC (n=57, 57%), and the severity of disease (n=50, 50%). Only 18% (n=18) of articles discussed CRC disparities, 23% (n=23) mentioned that there are hereditary forms of the disease, 36% (n=36) spoke of colonoscopy to screen for the disease, and 37% (n=37) mentioned how the disease is treated. Although most articles mentioned CRC screening (n=61, 61%), it was striking that sex was only mentioned in 34% (21/61) of these articles, colonoscopy was mentioned in 46% (28/61), and diet was mentioned in 30% (18/61).

CONCLUSIONS

Heightening the public’s awareness of this disease is important, but it is critical that messages related to how preventable this cancer is, who is the most likely to develop CRC, and what can be done to detect it in the early stages when the disease is the most curable be the critical elements of dialogue, particularly during National Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month. There is a need to disseminate information about early-onset CRC and the importance of screening, especially among populations with low rates of uptake. Web-based news is potentially an underutilized communication mechanism for promoting CRC screenings as secondary prevention measures for high-risk groups.