bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of a Patient Decision Aid on Preferences for Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Older Adults
Authors: Dalton Alexandra F. , Golin Carol E. , Morris Carolyn , Kistler Christine E. , Dolor Rowena J. , Bertin Kaitlyn B. , Suresh Krithika , Patel Swati G. , Lewis Carmen L. 
Published: December 2022

ImportanceGuidelines recommend individualized decision-making for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among adults aged 76 to 84 years, a process that includes a consideration of health state and patient preference.ObjectiveTo determine whether a targeted patient decision aid would align older adults’ screening preference with their potential to benefit from CRC screening.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis is a prespecified secondary analysis from a randomized clinical trial. Participants aged 70 to 84 years who were not up to date with screening and had an appointment within 6 weeks were purposively sampled by health state (poor, intermediate, or good) at 14 community-based primary care practices and block randomized to receive the intervention or control. Patients were recruited from March 1, 2012, to February 28, 2015, and these secondary analyses were performed from January 15 to March 1, 2022.InterventionsPatient decision aid targeted to age and sex.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome of this analysis was patient preference for CRC screening. The a priori hypothesis was that the decision aid (intervention) group would reduce the proportion preferring screening among those in poor and intermediate health compared with the control group.ResultsAmong the 424 participants, the mean (SD) age was 76.8 (4.2) years; 248 (58.5%) of participants were women; and 333 (78.5%) were White. The proportion preferring screening in the intervention group was less than in the control group for those in the intermediate health state (34 of 76 [44.7%] vs 40 of 73 [54.8%]; absolute difference, −10.1% [95% CI, −26.0% to 5.9%]) and in the poor health state (24 of 62 [38.7%] vs 33 of 61 [54.1%]; absolute difference, −15.4% [95% CI, −32.8% to 2.0%]). These differences were not statistically significant. The proportion of those in good health who preferred screening was similar between the intervention and control groups (44 of 74 [59.5%] for intervention vs 46 of 75 [61.3%] for control; absolute difference, −1.9% [95% CI, −17.6% to 13.8%]).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this secondary analysis of a clinical trial did not demonstrate statistically significant differences in patient preferences between the health groups. Additional studies that are appropriately powered are needed to determine the effect of the decision aid on the preferences of older patients for CRC screening by health state.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01575990
Association Between Consumption of Ultraprocessed Foods and Cognitive Decline
Authors: Gomes Gonçalves Natalia , Vidal Ferreira Naomi , Khandpur Neha , Martinez Steele Euridice , Bertazzi Levy Renata , Andrade Lotufo Paulo , Bensenor Isabela M. , Caramelli Paulo , Alvim de Matos Sheila Maria , Marchioni Dirce M. , Suemoto Claudia Kimie 
Published: December 2022

ImportanceAlthough consumption of ultraprocessed food has been linked to higher risk of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and obesity, little is known about the association of consumption of ultraprocessed foods with cognitive decline.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between ultraprocessed food consumption and cognitive decline in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a multicenter, prospective cohort study with 3 waves, approximately 4 years apart, from 2008 to 2017. Data were analyzed from December 2021 to May 2022. Participants were public servants aged 35 to 74 years old recruited in 6 Brazilian cities. Participants who, at baseline, had incomplete food frequency questionnaire, cognitive, or covariate data were excluded. Participants who reported extreme calorie intake (&amp;lt;600 kcal/day or &amp;gt;6000 kcal/day) and those taking medication that could negatively interfere with cognitive performance were also excluded.ExposuresDaily ultraprocessed food consumption as a percentage of total energy divided into quartiles.Main Outcomes and MeasuresChanges in cognitive performance over time evaluated by the immediate and delayed word recall, word recognition, phonemic and semantic verbal fluency tests, and Trail-Making Test B version.ResultsA total of 15 105 individuals were recruited and 4330 were excluded, leaving 10 775 participants whose data were analyzed. The mean (SD) age at the baseline was 51.6 (8.9) years, 5880 participants (54.6%) were women, 5723 (53.1%) were White, and 6106 (56.6%) had at least a college degree. During a median (range) follow-up of 8 (6-10) years, individuals with ultraprocessed food consumption above the first quartile showed a 28% faster rate of global cognitive decline (β = −0.004; 95% CI, −0.006 to −0.001; P = .003) and a 25% faster rate of executive function decline (β = −0.003, 95% CI, −0.005 to 0.000; P = .01) compared with those in the first quartile.Conclusions and RelevanceA higher percentage of daily energy consumption of ultraprocessed foods was associated with cognitive decline among adults from an ethnically diverse sample. These findings support current public health recommendations on limiting ultraprocessed food consumption because of their potential harm to cognitive function.
Myopericarditis After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination Among Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Yasuhara Jun , Masuda Kaihei , Aikawa Tadao , Shirasu Takuro , Takagi Hisato , Lee Simon , Kuno Toshiki 
Published: December 2022

ImportancePublished data on COVID-19 mRNA vaccine–associated myopericarditis in adolescents and young adults have been derived from small case series, national population-based studies, or passive reporting systems. Pooled evidence from a larger, international cohort is scarce.ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features and early outcomes associated with myopericarditis after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination in a heterogeneous population of adolescents and young adults.Data SourcesPubMed and EMBASE were searched through August 2022. Language restrictions were not applied.Study SelectionObservational studies and case series describing COVID-19 vaccine–associated myopericarditis in adolescents and young adults aged 12 to 20 years and reporting clinical characteristics and early outcomes were included.Data Extraction and SynthesisTwo independent investigators extracted relevant data from each study. One-group meta-analysis in a random effects model was performed. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology reporting guidelines were followed.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes were clinical features and early outcomes for COVID-19 mRNA vaccine–associated myopericarditis, including incident rate, cardiac findings, hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and in-hospital mortality.ResultsA total of 23 observational studies were identified, including 854 individuals (mean age, 15.9 [95% CI, 15.5-16.2] years) with COVID-19 vaccine–associated myopericarditis. Male sex was predominant, at 90.3% (95% CI, 87.3%-93.2%) of individuals. The incident rate was higher after the second dose than the first dose, with 74.4% (95% CI, 58.2%-90.5%) of events occurring after the second dose. Most patients (84.4% [95% CI, 80.5%-88.3%] of patients) had preserved left ventricular (LV) function. Of the 15.6% (95% CI, 11.7%-19.5%) of patients with LV systolic dysfunction (LV ejection fraction [LVEF] &amp;lt;55%), most (14.1% [95% CI, 10.2%-18.1%]) were mild (ie, LVEF 45%-54%), and only 1.3% (95% CI, 0%-2.6%) of patients had severe LV systolic dysfunction (ie, LVEF&amp;lt;35%). Interestingly, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed late gadolinium enhancement in 87.2% (95% CI, 79.8%-94.7%) of patients. Although 92.6% (95% CI, 87.8%-97.3%) of patients were hospitalized and 23.2% (95% CI, 11.7%-34.7%) of patients required ICU admission, inotropes were used in only 1.3% (95% CI, 0%-2.7%) of patients, no patients died or required mechanical support, and the hospital length of stay was 2.8 (95% CI, 2.1-3.5) days.Conclusions and RelevanceThis systematic review and meta-analysis found low incidence rate and largely favorable early outcomes of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine–associated myopericarditis in adolescents and young adults from a wide range of populations. These findings are reassuring but continued follow-up is warranted.
Obstetric and Perinatal Outcomes of Singleton Births Following Single- vs Double-Embryo Transfer in Sweden
Authors: Rodriguez-Wallberg Kenny A. , Palomares Arturo Reyes , Nilsson Hanna P. , Oberg Anna Sara , Lundberg Frida 
Published: December 2022

ImportancePregnancies resulting from assisted reproductive technology are associated with an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes compared with those following natural conception. Previous studies have shown an association of pregnancies resulting from transfer of multiple embryos with these negative findings.ObjectiveTo determine the risk for adverse outcomes in singletons conceived through assisted reproduction using double-embryo transfer (DET) vs single-embryo transfer (SET).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used data from women who achieved singleton deliveries after SET or DET in Sweden between 2007 and 2017 as recorded in the National Quality Registry for Assisted Reproduction. All embryo transfers, at cleavage or blastocyst stage, replaced in fresh or frozen treatment cycles were included. Data on obstetric and neonatal outcomes were retrieved by linkage to the National Medical Birth Register. Naturally conceived singletons were included as a reference group. Data were analyzed between September 2021 and August 2022.ExposuresDouble-embryo transfer leading to singleton birth.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRelative risk ratios or odds ratios (ORs) and absolute risk differences (ARDs) in percentage points with 95% CIs were calculated for obstetric and perinatal outcomes in singleton births conceived using DET vs SET.ResultsAmong 1 115 863 singleton births, 30 713 singletons were born after SET and 5123 after DET. A higher risk of neonatal death was found in singletons after DET vs SET (OR, 2.67 [95% CI, 1.28-5.55]; ARD, 0.2 percentage points [95% CI, 0.0-0.4 percentage points]). In frozen embryo transfers, DET was associated with a higher risk of low birth weight (OR, 1.64 [95% CI, 1.19-2.25]; ARD, 2.0 percentage points [95% CI, 0.5-3.5 percentage points]). Among blastocyst transfers, DET was associated with very preterm birth (relative risk ratio, 2.64 [95% CI, 1.50-4.63]; ARD, 1.8 percentage points [95% CI, 0.3-3.4 percentage points]) and low birth weight (OR, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.29-2.60]; ARD, 3.2 percentage points [95% CI, 0.9-5.5 percentage points]).Conclusions and RelevanceThese results indicate a higher risk of adverse outcomes following DET, even when the result is a singleton birth, vs singletons born after SET. Adverse outcomes were mainly observed in singletons following DET using frozen embryos and blastocysts.
Transformable “Tubulin Traps” Interfere with Mitochondrial Autophagy and Promote the Elimination of Glioblastoma
Authors: Zhang Yiwen , You Haoyu , Zhao Zhenhao , Luo Yifan , Li Chao , Liu Peixin , Chen Hongyi , Wang Yu , Zhou Zheng , Sun Tao , Jiang Chen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProtective autophagy of mitochondria is an important cause of high mortality in glioblastoma (GBM). Because of its serious impact on the treatment effect, it is in urgent need of combined treatment. Based on the regulatory function of the tubulin system on autophagy and inspired by the natural characteristics of neurofilament regulating tubulin polymerization, an in situ self‐assembled “tubulin trap” is designed. Specifically, the system is a transformable block polymer, which can self‐assemble into spherical nanoparticles in water. After targeting GBM cells, they can transform into nanofibers under the intracellular GSH conditions, interfering with autophagy. The research shows that, in mouse GBM xenograft models, the transformable nanofibers with the function of destroying tubulin homeostasis can be combined with ceramide in the treatment of GBM.
Cell Behavior Changes and Enzymatic Biodegradation of Hybrid Electrospun Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate)‐Based Scaffolds with an Enhanced Piezoresponse after the Addition of Reduced Graphene Oxide
Authors: Chernozem Roman V. , Pariy Igor , Surmeneva Maria A. , Shvartsman Vladimir V. , Planckaert Guillaume , Verduijn Joost , Ghysels Stef , Abalymov Anatolii , Parakhonskiy Bogdan V. , Gracey Eric , Gonçalves Amanda , Mathur Sanjay , Ronsse Frederik , Depla Diederik , Lupascu Doru C. , Elewaut Dirk , Surmenev Roman A. , Skirtach Andre G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis is the first comprehensive study of the impact of biodegradation on the structure, surface potential, mechanical and piezoelectric properties of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) scaffolds supplemented with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as well as cell behavior under static and dynamic mechanical conditions. There is no effect of the rGO addition up to 1.0 wt% on the rate of enzymatic biodegradation of PHB scaffolds for 30 d. The biodegradation of scaffolds leads to the depolymerization of the amorphous phase, resulting in an increase in the degree of crystallinity. Because of more regular dipole order in the crystalline phase, surface potential of all fibers increases after the biodegradation, with a maximum (361 ± 5 mV) after the addition of 1 wt% rGO into PHB as compared to pristine PHB fibers. By contrast, PHB‐0.7rGO fibers manifest the strongest effective vertical (0.59 ± 0.03 pm V−1) and lateral (1.06 ± 0.02 pm V−1) piezoresponse owing to a greater presence of electroactive β‐phase. In vitro assays involving primary human fibroblasts reveal equal biocompatibility and faster cell proliferation on PHB‐0.7rGO scaffolds compared to pure PHB and nonpiezoelectric polycaprolactone scaffolds. Thus, the developed biodegradable PHB‐rGO scaffolds with enhanced piezoresponse are promising for tissue‐engineering applications.
Self‐Assembly Growth of Twisted Bilayer Graphene on Liquid Cu
Authors: Xue Xudong , Zhou Xiahong , Li Dong , Liu Mengya , Liu Shan , Wang Liping , Yu Gui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTwisted bilayer graphene (tBLG) possesses various novel physical properties. Most of tBLG are fabricated by using artificial methods of stacking or folding single‐layer graphene. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has been verified that it holds great potential for preparation of large‐size high‐quality graphene. Therefore, it is significant for preparing tBLG in situ by using CVD technology. In this work, a novel approach is developed to directly prepare tBLGs on liquid Cu substrate. When the growth temperature exceeds a certain critical value, the state of aligned high‐quality single‐layer graphene domains grown on liquid Cu will be broken. Then, tBLG with twisted double‐layer regions is prepared in situ by rotating and intercalating between graphene domains. Experimental observations suggest that the liquid phase of Cu substrate and gas flow play a crucial role for the formation of tBLGs. These results demonstrate that the liquid Cu is an ideal potential substrate for preparing tBLGs with a full range of twisted angles and studying the formation mechanism of layer‐stacked materials.
Macromolecular Coatings for Endotracheal Tubes Probed on An Ex Vivo Extubation Setup
Authors: Miller Naranjo Bernardo , Naicker Semai , Lieleg Oliver 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEndotracheal intubation is indispensable in modern healthcare but typically entails two complications for the treated patients: biofouling‐induced infections and friction‐associated damage to the tissue. Coatings on the endotracheal tubes (ETT) may mitigate those problems, but they require a well‐defined testing method to assess their functionality. Here, such a testing setup is presented, which allows for conducting ex vivo extubation experiments in a reproducible manner. With this setup, different coating strategies that immobilize porcine gastric mucins on the ETT surface are compared. The results demonstrate that covalent coatings generated from lab‐purified mucins outperform the other variants in terms of their ability to decrease tissue damage, prevent lipid adsorption, and reduce cell attachment. With a similar approach as presented here, it should also be possible to evaluate macromolecular coatings generated on other medical tubing systems such as cardiac and urinary catheters and endoscopes.
A pH‐ and Light‐Responsive Nanoporous Lyotropic Gyroid Polymer Network
Authors: Li Patrick , Johnson Christopher , Dyer Samantha S. , Osuji Chinedum O. , Gin Douglas L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBicontinuous cubic (Q) lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC)‐derived polymer networks possess periodic, uniform‐size, 3D‐interconnected nanopores that make them highly desirable organic materials for selective molecular separation and uptake applications. To date, there are no reported examples of a Q‐phase network with additional functional properties, such as catalytic reactivity, response to external stimuli, or gated transport, that would expand the usefulness of this class of porous materials. Here, a functionalized gyroid‐type Q polymer network material that can be used for potential gated transport or adaptive uptake applications is presented. This material contains a novel spiropyran‐containing dopant monomer that upon blending and cross‐linking with a gyroid‐forming LLC monomer, yields a gyroid polymer material that retains its phase architecture while reversibly responding to changes in external solution and vapor pH. Studies also demonstrate that this system is capable of strongly binding to aq. Pb2+ ions when activated by UV light, allowing it to function as a potential colorimetric sorbent or gated‐response material.
Enhancing the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells by 4‐Chloro‐1,8‐Naphthalic Anhydride for Surface Passivation
Authors: Shi Bonan , Li Yuanrui , Gao Fei , Li Jiahui , Cai Xuediao , Zhang Chaoqun , Wu Yuxin , Lu Chenrui , Wang Jungang , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOn the surface and grain boundary of perovskite films there are large quantities defects, which leads to photogenerated carrier nonradiative recombination and degrades the performance of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Surface passivation can suppress the detrimental effects of defect and improve the performance of PSCs. Here, an organic molecule, 4‐chloro‐1,8‐naphthalic anhydride (ALS), is adopted to passivate the defects on the surface and grain boundary of (FAPbI3)0.95(MAPbBr3)0.05 perovskite films. The oxygen of carbonyl group in the ALS provides lone pair electron to the undercoordinated Pb2+ and passivated this defect. The ALS passivated perovskite films have lower trap state density and longer carrier lifetime. As a result, the photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PSCs was improved from 21.52% to 23.72%. Furthermore, the ALS passivated PSC show good stability, and it could maintain 88% of its initial efficiency after 1200 h storage in ambient atmosphere without encapsulation.
Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Film Derived CoFe‐N‐C Nanofoams for Reliable Zn‐air Batteries
Authors: Zhang Junfeng , Liu Haotian , Zhu Weikang , Chen Bin , Yue Runfei , Yin Shuoyao , Xie Na , Li Ran , Yin Yan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe design of the efficient, flexible air electrode for enhancing the Zn‐air batteries (ZABs) performance is vital in developing a new portable rechargeable power supply. Emerging research indicates that non‐precious metal materials have promising activity for oxygen reduction/evolution in alkaline conditions while constructing a high‐performance and reliable electrode is still a big challenge at the present stage. In this work, a bimetal doped zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) film is synthesized by fast current‐driven synthesis (FCDS) on a thin carbon nanotube film (CNTF). After carbonization at 950 °C, CoFe‐N‐C nanofoam formed on the CNTF, resulting in binder‐free, flexible electrodes. It exhibits excellent activity and stability toward oxygen reduction and evolution. The CoFe‐N‐C/CNTF‐based liquid‐state ZAB shows an output power density of 294 mW cm−2. When applied in solid‐state ZAB, the flexible battery shows high power density and excellent cycling stability.
Combining Krafft Point and Volume Phase Transition Temperature Toward Regulation of Solar Radiation and Privacy Protection
Authors: Liu Yihan , Yan Chunyue , Qi Ping , Song Aixin , Hao Jingcheng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEverlasting pursuit of high energy efficiency as well as meeting fluctuant temperatures raise various lighting requirements, which is driving the originality of thermochromic smart windows (SWs). SWs with dual‐temperature response upon rational designs are identified as an effective approach to regulate solar radiation and protect privacy. Here, combining the Krafft point (Tk) of ionic surfactants and the volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) of gels toward SW materials is utilized to achieve a transition of opacity‐transparence‐opacity as temperature change, maintaining transparency at an intermediate temperature range with favorable optical modulation parameters. Cationic surfactant, hexadecylpyridinium bromide (HPB), and poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) are combined using Tk and VPTT to serve as the dual thermo‐responsive switches for regulating solar radiation and protecting privacy. Tk of HPB can be adjusted by adding salts and VPTT is turned by introducing hydrophilic and hydrophobic comonomer. This work provides a realizable pathway by which in situ adjustable parameters may be performed and operated in external environment conditions, completely changing the smart window materials.
Kinetics of Water Transfer Between the LCST and UCST Thermoresponsive Blocks in Diblock Copolymer Thin Films Monitored by In Situ Neutron Reflectivity
Authors: Hu Neng , Lin Li , Metwalli Ezzeldin , Bießmann Lorenz , Philipp Martine , Hildebrand Viet , Laschewsky Andre , Papadakis Christine M. , Cubitt Robert , Zhong Qi , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe kinetics of water transfer between the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and upper critical solution temperature (UCST) thermoresponsive blocks in about 10 nm thin films of a diblock copolymer is monitored by in situ neutron reflectivity. The UCST‐exhibiting block in the copolymer consists of the zwitterionic poly(4‐((3‐methacrylamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)butane‐1‐sulfonate), abbreviated as PSBP. The LCST‐exhibiting block consists of the nonionic poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide), abbreviated as PNIPAM. The as‐prepared PSBP80‐b‐PNIPAM400 films feature a three‐layer structure, i.e., PNIPAM, mixed PNIPAM and PSBP, and PSBP. Both blocks have similar transition temperatures (TTs), namely around 32 °C for PNIPAM, and around 35 °C for PSBP, and with a two‐step heating protocol (20 °C to 40 °C and 40 °C to 80 °C), both TTs are passed. The response to such a thermal stimulus turns out to be complex. Besides a three‐step process (shrinkage, rearrangement, and reswelling), a continuous transfer of D2O from the PNIPAM to the PSBP block is observed. Due to the existence of both, LCST and UCST blocks in the PSBP80‐b‐PNIPAM400 film, the water transfer from the contracting PNIPAM, and mixed layers to the expanding PSBP layer occurs. Thus, the hydration kinetics and thermal response differ markedly from a thermoresponsive polymer film with a single LCST transition.