bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yersinia pestis genomes reveal plague in Britain 4,000 years ago
Authors: Swali Pooja , Schulting Rick , Gilardet Alexandre , Kelly Monica , Anastasiadou Kyriaki , Glocke Isabelle , Audsley Tony , Loe Louise , Fernández-Crespo Teresa , Ordoño Javier , Walker David , Davy Tom , Silva Marina , Hajdinjak Mateja , Bergström Anders , Booth Thomas , Skoglund Pontus 
Published: January 2022

AbstractExtinct lineages of Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of the plague, have been identified in several individuals from Central Europe and Asia between 5,000 and 3,500 years before present (BP). One of these, the ‘LNBA lineage’ (Late Neolithic and Bronze Age), has been suggested to have spread into Central Europe with human groups expanding from the Eurasian steppes. Here, we show that LNBA plague was spread to Europe’s northwestern periphery by sequencing Yersinia pestis genomes from two individuals dating to ~4,000 cal BP from an unusual mass burial context in Somerset, England, UK. This represents the earliest evidence of plague in Britain documented to date. These British Yersinia pestis genomes belong to a sublineage previously observed in two Bronze Age individuals from Central Europe that had lost the putative virulence factor yapC. This sublineage is later found in Central Asia ~3,600 BP. While the severity of disease is currently unclear, the wide geographic distribution within a few centuries suggests substantial transmissibility.
Investigation of oxidative processes and revealing the changes in purine nucleoside phosphorylase activity levels in model animals in the development of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ghazaryan G.S , Hovsepyan L.M. , Poghosyan L.G. , Zanginyan H. V. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTDiabetes mellitus is a global and one of the most common healthcare problems. The immune system, having a certain autonomy in the recognition and removal of foreign cells, antigens and other compounds is also under strict homeostatic control, in which a lot of/ variety of biochemical reactions take part. And since the problem of treatment of diabetes mellitus is still not solved, it requires detailed research of different elements of pathogenesis at the molecular level. Taking into account the fact that the connection/ link between immune processes and enzymes of purine metabolism is doubtless, it is of interest to investigate the changes in purine metabolism. In previous studies a frequent combination and interrelation of purine and carbohydrate metabolism was shown. Aim of this study was the investigation of the enzymatic activity of PNP in serum, liver and in pancreas, and also determination of levels of lipid peroxidation indicators, NO content in blood plasma, glutathione peroxidase activity in the mitochondrial fraction of the pancreatic tissue of white rats with modeled alloxan diabetes. The obtained results have demonstrated statistically significant changes in the PNP activity level indicators in the investigated organs and stages of the disease. The indicators of oxidative processes MDA, NO and changes of the activity of GPx and PNP can be used as additional paraclinical indicators for early diagnostics and for detection and refinement of the level of activity of the pathologic process, its development and stage of the disease, which contributes to the appointment of individualized adequate therapy.
Phage Paride hijacks bacterial stress responses to kill dormant, antibiotic-tolerant cells
Authors: Maffei Enea , Burkolter Marco , Heyer Yannik , Egli Adrian , Jenal Urs , Harms Alexander 
Published: January 2022

SummaryBacteriophages are fierce viral predators with no regard for pathogenicity or antibiotic resistance of their bacterial hosts1,2. Despite early recognition of their therapeutic potential and the current escalation of bacterial multidrug resistance, phages have so far failed to become a regular treatment option in clinical practice3-5. One reason is the occasional discrepancy between poor performance of selected phages in vivo despite high potency in vitro3,4,6,7. Similar resilience of supposedly drug-sensitive bacterial infections to antibiotic treatment has been linked to persistence of dormant cells inside patients8,9. Given the abundance of non-growing bacteria also in the environment10,11, we wondered whether some phages can infect and kill these antibiotic-tolerant cells. As shown previously12-16, most phages failed to replicate on dormant hosts and instead entered a state of hibernation or pseudolysogeny. However, we isolated a new Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage named Paride with the exciting ability to directly kill dormant, antibiotic-tolerant hosts by lytic replication, causing sterilization of deep-dormant cultures in synergy with the β-lactam meropenem. Intriguingly, efficient replication of Paride on dormant hosts depends on the same bacterial stress responses that also drive antibiotic tolerance. We therefore suggest that Paride hijacks weak spots in the dormant physiology of antibiotic-tolerant bacteria that could be exploited as Achilles’ heels for the development of new treatments targeting resilient bacterial infections.
A genome-wide atlas of antibiotic susceptibility targets and pathways to tolerance
Authors: Leshchiner Dmitry , Rosconi Federico , Sundaresh Bharathi , Rudmann Emily , Nieto Ramirez Luisa Maria , Nishimoto Andrew T. , Wood Stephen J. , Jana Bimal , Buján Noemí , Li Kaiching , Gao Jianmin , Frank Matthew , Reeve Stephanie M. , Lee Richard E. , Rock Charles O. , Rosch Jason W. , van Opijnen Tim 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTDetailed knowledge on how bacteria evade antibiotics and eventually develop resistance could open avenues for novel therapeutics and diagnostics. It is thereby key to develop a comprehensive genome-wide understanding of how bacteria process antibiotic stress, and how modulation of the involved processes affects their ability to overcome said stress. Here we undertake a comprehensive genetic analysis of how the major human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae responds to 20 antibiotics. We built a genome-wide atlas of drug susceptibility determinants and generate a genetic interaction network that connects cellular processes and genes of unknown function, which we show can be used as therapeutic targets. Pathway analysis reveals a genome-wide “tolerome”, defined by cellular processes that can make a bacterium less susceptible, and often tolerant, in an antibiotic specific manner. Importantly, modulation of these processes confers fitness benefits during active infections under antibiotic selection. Moreover, screening of sequenced clinical isolates demonstrates that mutations in tolerome genes readily evolve and are frequently associated with resistant strains, indicating such mutations may be an important harbinger for the emergence of antibiotic resistance.
Reconstitution of muscle cell microtubule organization in vitro
Authors: Nadkarni Ambika V. , Heald Rebecca 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTSkeletal muscle differentiation occurs as muscle precursor cells (myoblasts) elongate and fuse to form multinucleated syncytial myotubes in which the highly-organized actomyosin sarcomeres of muscle fibers assemble. Although less well characterized, the microtubule cytoskeleton also undergoes dramatic rearrangement during myogenesis. The centrosome-nucleated microtubule array found in myoblasts is lost as the nuclear membrane acquires microtubule nucleating activity and microtubules emerge from multiple sites in the cell, eventually rearranging into a grid-like pattern in myotubes. In order to characterize perinuclear microtubule organization using a biochemically tractable system, we isolated nuclei from mouse C2C12 skeletal muscle cells during the course of differentiation and incubated them in cytoplasmic extracts prepared from eggs of the frog Xenopus laevis. Whereas centrosomes associated with myoblast nuclei gave rise to radial microtubule arrays in extracts, myotube nuclei produced a sun-like pattern with microtubules transiently nucleating from the entire nuclear envelope. Perinuclear microtubule growth was suppressed by inhibition of Aurora A kinase or by degradation of RNA, treatments that also inhibited microtubule growth from sperm centrosomes. Myotube nuclei displayed microtubule motor-based movements leading to their separation, as occurs in myotubes. This in vitro assay therefore recapitulates key features of microtubule organization and nuclear movement observed during muscle cell differentiation.
Can WeChat really foster young people's civic engagement? Unraveling an underlying mechanism from the social capital theoretical perspective
Authors: Pang Hua 
Published: January 2022

PurposeBuilding upon social capital theoretical foundation, the principal purpose of present research is to construct a conceptual research model and uncover the intricate relationships between WeChat usage, social capital and civic participation behaviors among young people.Design/methodology/approachA large cross-sectional valid data from 1,238 young people in mainland China were gathered to examine the hypothesized research model. Descriptive analyses, correlation analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were sequentially undertaken to determine dynamic interrelationships among main constructs.FindingsThe empirical findings demonstrate that WeChat usage positively impacts young people's social interaction ties, the guanxi network and shared goals. Moreover, social interaction ties and shared goals are positively associated with their online civic engagement. Furthermore, the guanxi network is positively associated with both online and offline civic engagement.Research limitations/implicationsTheoretically, this research is the first to explicitly explore the influence mechanism of WeChat use intensity on different dimensions of individual-level social capital and civic engagement. Practically, these obtained results can be beneficial to the comprehending of whether and how WeChat is a resource for social capital and civic involvement.Originality/valueDespite mobile social media, especially WeChat, has achieved immense popularity in contemporary mainland China, the potential influence of this emerging technology use on individuals' differential dimensions of social capital and civic engagement has not been systematically investigated. The study may not only offer fresh insight into innovative features of WeChat but also contribute to broader controversies regarding the impact of mobile-mediated communication on individuals' daily civic lives.
Impact of risk disclosure on the volatility, liquidity and performance of the UK and Canadian insurance companies
Authors: Kassamany Talie , Harb Etienne , Louhichi Wael , Nasr Mayssam 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the impact of risk disclosure practices (voluntary, mandatory and risk disclosure index) on stock return volatility, market liquidity and financial performance for insurance companies in the UK and Canada, before and after the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption.

Design/methodology/approach
The panel data analysis covers 14 insurance companies in the UK and 12 in Canada over a six-year period, three years before and three years after the implementation of IFRS. The authors collected risk disclosure data manually from the annual reports and analyzed it through QSR NVivo software for each country. The other variables are secondary data collected from Thomson Reuters Eikon and Datastream.

Findings
The results reveal that mandatory risk disclosure practices positively influence stock return volatility for UK insurers but not Canadian ones. Moreover, both mandatory and voluntary risk disclosures increase market liquidity for UK insurers. The outcomes also show a negative influence of risk disclosure practices on financial performance for both the UK and Canadian insurers. The adoption of IFRS enhances the impact of risk disclosure practices in both countries on market liquidity and financial performance.

Research limitations/implications
The findings rationalize the impact of risk disclosure practices on volatility, liquidity and financial performance of UK and Canada insurers, and the effect of IFRS in triggering those results.

Practical implications
The findings highlight the diverse effects of voluntary and mandatory risk disclosure practices in enhancing market discipline and mitigating information asymmetry problems to investors. Regulators and policymakers could rely on the findings to amend and develop disclosure standards more frequently to assure their effectiveness. The authors also offer insights to managers to determine the levels of mandatory and voluntary disclosure practices and disclosure strategies to gain their stakeholders’ confidence.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature of risk disclosure in the insurance industry for both the UK and Canada where scarce studies are conducted. It also offers interesting implementations to investors, managers and policymakers.
Discovering the fundamentals of Turkish housing market: a price convergence framework
Authors: Özgüler İsmail Cem , Büyükkara Z. Göknur , Küçüközmen C. Coskun 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to determine the Turkish housing price and rent dynamics among seven big cities with a unique monthly data set over 2003–2019. The secondary purpose is to examine bubble dynamics within the price convergence framework through alternative tests.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper conducts two autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) cointegration estimates for housing prices and rents and applies conditional error correction model to investigate the long-run drivers of the Turkish housing market. The authors compare ARDL cointegration in-sample forecasts and discounted cash flow (DCF) estimates with actual prices to determine the timing, magnitude and collapse period(s) of bubbles within the price convergence framework. In particular, the generalized sup augmented Dickey–Fuller (GSADF) approach time stamps multiple explosive price behaviors.

Findings
The ARDL results confirm the theory of investment value by addressing mortgage rates, the price-to-rent ratio and rents as the fundamental factors of house prices. The price-to-rent ratio offers a comparison mechanism among houses deciding to buy a new house in which rents increase monthly real estate investment returns, and mortgage rates act as the discount rate. One key finding is that these dynamics have a greater impact on house prices than mortgage rates. Furthermore, the ARDL, DCF and GSADF findings exhibit temporal overvaluations rather than bubble signals, implying that housing price appreciations, including explosive behaviors, are consistent with fundamental advances.

Originality/value
This paper is considered to be innovative in determining housing market dynamics through two different ARDL estimates for the Turkish housing price index and rents in real terms as dependent variables. The authors compare the boom and collapse periods of the real housing price index and its fundamentals via the GSADF test. A final key feature of this research is its extensive data set, with 11 different regressors between 2003 and 2019.
The PPE industry in Italy during COVID-19: supply chain disruption and the adoption of digital and social media in B2B firms
Authors: Hu Lala 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze how the personal protective equipment (PPE) industry managed supply chain and business relationships disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the adoption of digital and social media during the period of crisis management.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology used is qualitative based on 14 interviews with 11 PPE firms operating in Italy, the first Western country that implemented a national lockdown during the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020.

Findings
Findings suggest that although most PPE companies in Italy have been slow in implementing digital transformation, digital technologies and communication enhanced existing assets and capabilities creating new customer value during the COVID-19 outbreak. The pandemic has increased the relevance of social media as an effective tool in the business-to-business (B2B) context to provide updated information and training, as well as to reinforce and personalize business relationships, weakened by the lack of physical contacts during the lockdown. Moreover, highly interdependent buyer–supplier relations can increase supply chain resilience to disruptions in mutually dependent relationships/partnerships.

Research limitations/implications
By analyzing the main issues encountered during the pandemic and the digital strategies adopted by PPE companies, this study seeks to extend B2B literature on supply chain disruption management and digitalization. The limitations refer to the study’s generalizability as a limited number of firms are analyzed.

Practical implications
Implications for B2B companies and policymakers are provided with the extent of managing supply chain disruptions during emergency situations such as COVID-19 pandemic, when collaboration between different actors involved become essential.

Originality/value
No previous studies have analyzed how PPE firms used digital and social media in managing disruption in supply chain and business relationships. Therefore, the present study contributes to extend the B2B literature by analyzing the related effects during the COVID-19 pandemic.
What is the impact of recovery colleges on students? A thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence
Authors: Whish Ruby , Huckle Catherine , Mason Oliver 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
Recovery colleges have expanded over the last decade, providing educational courses and workshops on topics of mental health and well-being, co-delivered by peer workers and clinicians. This review aims to synthesise findings from the qualitative literature to explore the impact of recovery colleges on student well-being.

Design/Methodology/Approach
A systematic search of the qualitative literature was conducted in December 2021. Four databases were searched: Emerald, PubMed, ProQuest and Scopus. In total, 11 studies met the criteria for review and were subject to thematic synthesis.

Findings
Five themes were generated including “A shift in power”, “Being connected”, “Personal growth”, “Adopting the role of a student” and “Meeting expectations”.

Research Limitations Implications
These findings were consistent with previous literature, which suggest that much of the recovery college’s impact lies in its ethos, which promotes empowerment and inclusivity. However, the review also drew attention to lesser explored areas of the recovery college such as how students understand the support on offer from the recovery college and manage their expectations around this.

Practical Implications
Several studies lacked methodological and analytical rigour and may well suffer from self-selecting samples leading to an overwhelmingly positive experience. Evaluation by independent researchers is paramount.

Originality/value
It is nearly eight years since this area was previously reviewed during which time considerable growth in the literature has resulted.
Exploring the experts’ perceptions of barriers to using internet of things for chronic disease management in Iran
Authors: Dadkhah Mehdi , Mehraeen Mohammad , Rahimnia Fariborz , Kimiafar Khalil 
Published: January 2022

PurposeInternet of things (IoT) promises advantages in different sectors, especially the health-care sector. Due to its capabilities for chronic disease management, IoT has attracted the attention of researchers. Nowadays, there is research that focuses on the use of IoT for chronic disease management. However, the use of IoT in various contexts faces different barriers. This paper aims to explore Iranian experts’ conceptions of the barriers to using IoT in Iran regarding its application for chronic disease management.Design/methodology/approachThis study follows a phenomenographic method to investigate Iranian experts’ conceptions of the barriers to using IoT in Iran regarding its application for chronic disease management.FindingsThe results show that there are four categories of description (governance, technical, economic and social barriers) that vary among experts’ conceptions.Originality/valueThe findings of the present work could provide valuable insights for managers and policymakers who want to address IoT barriers.
Impacts of work-family role conflict on job and life satisfaction: a comparative study among doctors, engineers and university teachers
Authors: Jahan Priyanka Tazrin , Akter Mily Momotaj , Asadujjaman Md. , Arani Mohammad , Billal Md. Mashum 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThis study was designed to investigate the impacts of work-family role conflict on job and life satisfaction among three major professionals: doctors, engineers and university teachers. Data were collected through a face to face survey on 60 doctors, 60 engineers and 60 university teachers of different public and private institutes of Bangladesh.Design/methodology/approachConducted data analysis were statistical analysis of questionnaires (mean, SD, max, min), descriptive analysis (%), t-test, analysis of variance test, correlation analysis and regression analysis.FindingsThe results demonstrate that the university teachers had experienced more work-family conflict (WFC) on job satisfaction and family-work conflict (FWC) on job and life satisfaction than doctors and engineers; however, engineers experienced more WFC in the case of life satisfaction. The study also implied that control variables such as gender identification, reported number of children, marital status, education level and adhered religion had significant impact (p < 0.05) on WFC, FWC, job satisfaction and life satisfaction.Originality/valueThis study will provide insight into the effects of spouse, supervisor and number of children on both job and life satisfaction.
Predicting spatio‐temporal distributions of migratory populations using Gaussian process modelling
Authors: Piironen Antti , Piironen Juho , Laaksonen Toni 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Knowledge concerning spatio‐temporal distributions of populations is a prerequisite for successful conservation and management of migratory animals. Achieving cost‐effective monitoring of large‐scale movements is often difficult due to lack of effective and inexpensive methods.

Taiga bean goose Anser fabalis fabalis and tundra bean goose A. f. rossicus offer an excellent example of a challenging management situation with harvested migratory populations. The subspecies have different conservation statuses and population trends. However, their distribution overlaps during migration to an unknown extent, which, together with their similar appearance, has created a conservation–management dilemma.

Gaussian process (GP) models are widely adopted in the field of statistics and machine learning, but have seldom been applied in ecology so far. We introduce the R package gplite for GP modelling and use it in our case study together with birdwatcher observation data to study spatio‐temporal differences between bean goose subspecies during migration in Finland in 2011–2019.

We demonstrate that GP modelling offers a flexible and effective tool for analysing heterogeneous data collected by citizens. The analysis reveals spatial and temporal distribution differences between the two bean goose subspecies in Finland. Taiga bean goose migrates through the entire country, whereas tundra bean goose occurs only in a small area in south‐eastern Finland and migrates later than taiga bean goose.

Synthesis and applications. Within the studied bean goose populations, harvest can be targeted at abundant tundra bean goose by restricting hunting to south‐eastern Finland and to the end of the migration period. In general, our approach combining citizen science data with GP modelling can be applied to study spatio‐temporal distributions of various populations and thus help in solving challenging management situations. The introduced R package gplite can be applied not only to ecological modelling, but to a wide range of analyses in other fields of science.