bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pyroclastic deposits of Ubehebe Crater, Death Valley, California, USA: Ballistics, pyroclastic surges, and dry granular flows
Authors: Valentine Greg A. , Fierstein Judy , White James D.L. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We describe and interpret deposits associated with the final Ubehebe Crater-forming, phreatomagmatic explosive phase of the multivent, monogenetic Ubehebe volcanic center. Ubehebe volcano is located in Death Valley, California, USA. Pyroclastic deposits occur in four main facies: (1) lapilli- and blockdominated beds, (2) thinly bedded lapilli tuff, (3) laminated and cross-laminated ash, and (4) massive lapilli ash/tuff. Lapilli- and block-dominated beds are found mostly within several hundred meters of the crater and transition outward into discontinuous lenses of lapilli and blocks; they are interpreted to have been deposited by ballistic processes associated with crater-forming explosions. Thinly bedded lapilli tuff is found mainly within several hundred meters, and laminated and cross-laminated ash extends at least 9 km from the crater center. Dune forms are common within ~2 km of the crater center, while finer-grained, distal deposits tend to exhibit planar lamination. These two facies (thinly bedded lapilli tuff and laminated and cross-laminated ash) are interpreted to record multiple pyroclastic surges (dilute pyroclastic currents). Repeated couplets of coarse layers overlain by finer-grained, laminated horizons suggest that many or most of the surges were transient, likely recording individual explosions, and they traveled over complex topography in some areas. These two factors complicate the application of classical sediment-transport theory to quantify surge properties. However, dune-form data provide possible constraints on the relationships between suspended load sedimentation and bed-load transport that are consistent using two independent approaches. Massive lapilli ash/tuff beds occur in drainages below steep slopes and can extend up to ~1 km onto adjacent valley floors beneath large catchments. Although they are massive in texture, their grain-size characteristics are shared with laminated and cross-laminated ash facies, with which they are locally interbedded. These are interpreted to record concentrated granular flows sourced by remobilized pyroclastic surge deposits, either during surge transport or shortly after, while the surge deposits retained their elevated initial pore-gas pressures. Although similar surge-derived concentrated flows have been described elsewhere (e.g., Mount St. Helens, Washington, USA, and Soufriére Hills, Montserrat, West Indies), to our knowledge Ubehebe is the first case where such processes have been identified at a maar volcano. These concentrated flows followed paths that were independent of the pyroclastic surges and represent a potential hazard at similar maar volcanoes in areas with complex terrain.
Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus with early manifestation of an eosinophilic pleural effusion
Authors: Cho Gene , Matti Moreen , Ghassemzadeh Saeed , Nobari Matthew 
Published: November 2022

A woman in her 70s with a history of Crohn’s disease presented to the emergency department with dyspnoea, cough and intermittent fevers. Evaluation revealed a pleural effusion with neutrophil predominance, and initial suspicion of infection prompted a short course of antibiotic therapy. However, the patient subsequently developed recurrent pleural effusion with eosinophilic predominance. Serological data confirmed a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the patient was started on appropriate treatment.This case presents an initial manifestation of eosinophilic-dominant pleural effusion in SLE. Current guidelines in treating pleural effusions do not explore rheumatological causes. However, we believe that our case demonstrates the value of a prompt investigation for rheumatological aetiologies in an otherwise unclassified eosinophilic-predominant pleural effusion. Such an investigation should include serological data as an important confirmatory marker for the diagnosis of SLE.
ThOracic Ultrasound in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Evolution (TOUPIE): research protocol of a multicentric prospective study
Authors: Legué Sylvie , Marchand-Adam Sylvain , Plantier Laurent , Bayeh Betsega Assefa , Morel Hugues , Mangiapan Gilles , Flament Thomas 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common and severe interstitial lung disease (ILD). It is a progressive disease that requires a regular follow-up: clinical examination, pulmonary function testing (PFT) and CT scan, which is performed yearly in France. These exams have two major disadvantages: patients with severe dyspnoea have difficulties to perform PFT and repeated CT scans expose to high dose of radiations. Considering these limits, it would be relevant to develop new tools to monitor the progression of IPF lesions. Three main signs have been described in ILD with lung ultrasound (LUS): the number of B lines, the irregularity and the thickening of the pleural line. Cross-sectional studies already correlated the intensity of these signs with the severity of fibrosis lesions on CT scan in patients with IPF, but no prospective study described the evolution of the three main LUS signs, nor the correlation between clinical evaluation, PFT and CT scan. Our hypothesis is that LUS is a relevant tool to highlight the evolution of pulmonary lesions in IPF. The main objective of our study is to show an increase in one or more of the three main LUS signs (total number of B lines, pleural line irregularity score and pleural line thickness) during the follow-up.

Methods
ThOracic Ultrasound in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Evolution is a French prospective, multicentric and non-interventional study. Every 3 months, patients with IPF will have a clinical examination, PFT and LUS. CT data will be collected if the CT scan is performed within 3 months before the inclusion; the second CT scan will be performed from 9 to 12 months after the inclusion. The presence, location and severity of LUS signs will be recorded for each patient, and their correlation with clinical, functional and CT scan evolution will be evaluated. 30 patients will be enrolled.

Ethics and dissemination
The protocol was approved by the French Research Ethics Committee (Comité de Protection des Personnes SUD OUEST ET OUTRE MER II, reference RIPH3-RNI19-TOUPIE) on 11 April 2019. Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publication and presentation at international conferences.

Trial registration number

NCT03944928;Pre-results
.
Impact of BCG revaccination on the response to unrelated vaccines in a
Ugandan adolescent birth cohort: randomised controlled trial protocol C for
the ‘POPulation differences in VACcine responses’ (POPVAC) programme
Authors: Zirimenya Ludoviko , Nkurunungi Gyaviira , Nassuuna Jacent , Natukunda Agnes , Mutebe Alex , Oduru Gloria , Kabami Grace , Akurut Hellen , Onen Caroline , Namutebi Milly , Serubanja Joel , Nakazibwe Esther , Akello Florence , Tumusiime Josephine , Sewankambo Moses , Kiwanuka Samuel , Kiwudhu Fred , Kizindo Robert , Kizza Moses , Wajja Anne , Cose Stephen , Muwanga Moses , Webb Emily , Elliott Alison M 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
There is evidence that BCG immunisation may protect against
unrelated infectious illnesses. This has led to the postulation that
administering BCG before unrelated vaccines may enhance responses to
these vaccines. This might also model effects of BCG on unrelated
infections.

Methods and analysis
To test this hypothesis, we have designed a randomised controlled
trial of BCG versus no BCG immunisation to determine the effect of BCG
on subsequent unrelated vaccines, among 300 adolescents (aged 13–17
years) from a Ugandan birth cohort. Our schedule will comprise three
main immunisation days (week 0, week 4 and week 28): BCG (or no BCG)
revaccination at week 0; yellow fever (YF-17D), oral typhoid (Ty21a) and
human papillomavirus (HPV) prime at week 4; and HPV boost and
tetanus/diphtheria (Td) boost at week 28. Primary outcomes are
anti-YF-17D neutralising antibody titres,Salmonella
typhilipopolysaccharide-specific IgG concentration,
IgG specific for L1-proteins of HPV-16/HPV-18 and tetanus and diphtheria
toxoid-specific IgG concentration, all assessed at 4 weeks after
immunisation with YF, Ty21a, HPV and Td, respectively. Secondary
analyses will determine effects on correlates of protective immunity
(where recognised correlates exist), on vaccine response waning and on
whether there are differential effects on priming versus boosting
immunisations. We will also conduct exploratory immunology assays among
subsets of participants to further characterise effects of BCG
revaccination on vaccine responses. Further analyses will assess which
life course exposures influence vaccine responses in
adolescence.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethics approval has been obtained from relevant Ugandan and UK
ethics committees. Results will be shared with Uganda Ministry of
Health, relevant district councils, community leaders and study
participants. Further dissemination will be done through conference
proceedings and publications.

Trial registration number
NCT10482904.
TELE-critical Care verSus usual Care On ICU PErformance (TELESCOPE):
protocol for a cluster-randomised clinical trial on adult general ICUs in
Brazil
Authors: Noritomi Danilo Teixeira , Ranzani Otavio T , Ferraz Leonardo Jose Rolim , dos Santos Maura C , Cordioli Eduardo , Albaladejo Renata , Serpa Neto Ary , Correa Thiago D , Berwanger Otávio , de Morais Lubia Caus , Schettino Guilherme , Cavalcanti Alexandre Biasi , Rosa Regis Goulart , Biondi Rodrigo Santos , Salluh Jorge IF , Azevedo Luciano Cesar Pontes , Pereira Adriano Jose 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
Daily multidisciplinary rounds (DMRs) consist of systematic
patient-centred discussions aiming to establish joint therapeutic goals
for the next 24 hours of intensive care unit (ICU) care. The aim of the
present study protocol is to evaluate whether an intervention consisting
of guided DMRs, supported by a remote specialist and audit/feedback on
care performance will reduce ICU length of stay compared with a control
group.

Methods and analysis
A multicentre, controlled, cluster-randomised superiority trial
including 30 ICUs in Brazil (15 intervention and 15 control), from
August 2019 to June 2021. In a parallel assignment, ICUs are randomised
to a complex-intervention composed by daily rounds carried out through
Tele-ICU by a remote ICU physician; development of local quality
indicators dashboards coupled with monthly meetings with local
leadership; and dissemination of evidence-based clinical protocols
versus usual care. Primary outcome is ICU length of stay. Secondary
outcomes include classification of the unit according to the profiles
defined by the standardised resource use and the standardised mortality
rate, hospital mortality, incidence of healthcare-associated infections,
ventilator-free days at 28 days, patient-days receiving oral or enteral
feeding, patient-days under light sedation or alert and calm, rate of
patients under normoxaemia. All adult patients admitted after the
beginning of the study in each participant ICU will be enrolled.
Inclusion criteria (clusters): public Brazilian ICUs with a minimum of 8
ICU beds interested/committed to participating in the study. Exclusion
criteria (clusters): units with fully established DMRs by an
intensivist, specialised or step-down units.

Ethics and dissemination
The study protocol was approved by the institutional review board
(IRB) of the coordinator centre, and by IRBs of each enrolled
hospital/ICU. Statistical analysis protocol is being prepared for
submission before the end of patient’s enrolment. Results will be
disseminated through conferences, peer-reviewed journals and to each
participating unit.

Trial registration number
NCT03920501; Pre-results.
Transforming primary care for older Canadians living with frailty: mixed
methods study protocol for a complex primary care intervention
Authors: Stolee Paul , Elliott Jacobi , Giguere Anik MC , Mallinson Sara , Rockwood Kenneth , Sims Gould Joanie , Baker Ross , Boscart Veronique , Burns Catherine , Byrne Kerry , Carson Judith , Cook Richard J , Costa Andrew P , Giosa Justine , Grindrod Kelly , Hajizadeh Mohammad , Hanson Heather M , Hastings Stephanie , Heckman George , Holroyd-Leduc Jayna , Isaranuwatchai Wanrudee , Kuspinar Ayse , Meyer Samantha , McMurray Josephine , Puchyr Phyllis , Puchyr Peter , Theou Olga , Witteman Holly 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
Older Canadians living with frailty are high users of healthcare
services; however, the healthcare system is not well designed to meet
the complex needs of many older adults. Older persons look to their
primary care practitioners to assess their needs and coordinate their
care. They may need care from a variety of providers and services, but
often this care is not well coordinated. Older adults and their family
caregivers are the experts in their own needs and preferences, but often
do not have a chance to participate fully in treatment decisions or care
planning. As a result, older adults may have health problems that are
not properly assessed, managed or treated, resulting in poorer health
outcomes and higher economic and social costs. We will be implementing
enhanced primary healthcare approaches for older patients, including
risk screening, patient engagement and shared decision making and care
coordination. These interventions will be tailored to the needs and
circumstances of the primary care study sites. In this article, we
describe our study protocol for implementing and testing these
approaches.

Methods and analysis
Nine primary care sites in three Canadian provinces will participate
in a multi-phase mixed methods study. In phase 1, baseline information
will be collected through questionnaires and interviews with patients
and healthcare providers (HCPs). In phase 2, HCPs and patients will be
consulted to tailor the evidence-based interventions to site-specific
needs and circumstances. In phase 3, sites will implement the tailored
care model. Evaluation of the care model will include measures of
patient and provider experience, a quality of life measure, qualitative
interviews and economic evaluation.

Ethics and dissemination
This study has received ethics clearance from the host academic
institutions: University of Calgary (REB17-0617), University of Waterloo
(ORE#22446) and Université Laval (#MP-13-2019-1500 and 2017-2018-12-MP).
Results will be disseminated through traditional means, including
peer-reviewed publications and conferences and through an extensive
network of knowledge user partners.

Trial registration number
NCT03442426; Pre-results.
Effect of occupational therapy home visit discharge planning on
participation after stroke: protocol for the HOME Rehab trial
Authors: Lannin Natasha A , Clemson Lindy , Drummond Avril , Stanley Mandy , Churilov Leonid , Laver Kate , O'Keefe Sophie , Cameron Ian , Crotty Maria , Usherwood Tim , Andrew Nadine E , Jolliffe Laura , Cadilhac Dominique A 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
After first stroke, the transition from rehabilitation to home can
be confronting and fraught with challenges. Although stroke clinical
practice guidelines recommend predischarge occupational therapy home
visits to ensure safe discharge and provision of appropriate equipment,
there is currently limited evidence to support this
recommendation.

Methods and analysis
The HOME Rehab trial is a national, multicentre, phase III
randomised controlled trial with concealed allocation, blinded
assessment and intention-to-treat analysis being conducted in Australia.
The trial aim is to determine the effect and potential
cost-effectiveness of an enhanced occupational therapy discharge
planning intervention that involves pre and postdischarge home visits,
goal setting and occupational therapy in the home (the HOME programme)
in comparison to an in-hospital predischarge planning intervention.
Stroke survivors aged ≥45 years, admitted to a rehabilitation ward,
expected to return to a community (private) dwelling after discharge,
with no significant prestroke disability will be randomly allocated 1:1
to receive a standardised discharge planning intervention and the HOME
programme or the standardised discharge planning intervention alone. The
primary outcome is participation measured using the Nottingham Extended
Activities of Daily Living. Secondary outcome areas include hospital
readmission, disability, performance of instrumental activities of daily
living, health-related quality of life, quality of care transition and
carer burden. Resources used/costs will be collected for the
cost-effectiveness analysis and hospital readmission. Recruitment
commenced in 2019. Allowing for potential attrition, 360 participants
will be recruited to detect a clinically important treatment difference
with 80% power at a two-tailed significance level of 0.05.

Ethics and dissemination
This study is approved by the Alfred Health Human Research Ethics
Committee and site-specific ethics approval has been obtained at all
participating sites. Results of the main trial and the secondary
endpoint of cost-effectiveness will be submitted for publication in
peer-reviewed journals
Trial registration number
NCT12618001360202
Protocol of controlled odorant stimulation for reducing apnoeic episodes
in premature newborns: a randomised open-label Latin-square study with
independent evaluation of the main endpoint (PREMODEUR)
Authors: Duchamp-Viret Patricia , Nguyen Huu Kim , Maucort-Boulch Delphine , Remontet Laurent , Guyon Aurore , Franco Patricia , Cividjian Andrei , Thevenet Marc , Iwaz Jean , Galletti Sonia , Kassai Behrouz , Cornaton Elise , Plaisant Franck , Claris Olivier , Gauthier-Moulinier Hélène 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
Apnoea affects 85% of premature infants under 34 weeks of age and
would be an important risk factor for subsequent neuropsychological
disorders. Currently, premature children with life-threatening apnoeas
receive stimulants such as methylxanthines (mainly, caffeine) or
doxapram (an analeptic unlicensed in children under 15). However, these
products have undesirable effects (hyperarousal, irritability, sleep
disorders, tachycardia) and are not always effective because apnoea does
persist in some premature newborns. Previous studies have indicated that
odorant stimulation, a non-invasive intervention, may stimulate the
respiratory rhythm. The objective of the present protocol is to reduce
the occurrence of apnoeic episodes in premature newborns by controlled
odorant stimulation added to current pharmacological
treatments.

Methods and analysis
The project is a randomised open-label Latin-square trial with
independent evaluation of the main endpoint. It will include 60 preterm
neonates from two university hospital neonatal intensive care units over
2 years (2021–2023). Each newborn will receive no (S0), sham (S1) or
real olfactory stimulation (S2) in random order. During S2, three
distinct odorants (mint, grapefruit and vanilla) will be delivered
successively, in puffs, over 24 hours. Mint and grapefruit odours
stimulate the main and the trigeminal olfactory pathways, whereas
vanilla odour stimulates only the main olfactory pathway. A statistical
analysis will compare the incidence of apnoeic episodes during S1 versus
S2 using a mixed effects Poisson model.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval was obtained from the Comité de Protection des
Personnes Île-de-France XI (# 2017-AO13-50-53). The results will be
disseminated through various scientific meetings, specialised
peer-reviewed journals and, whenever possible, posted on appropriate
public websites.

Trial registration number
NCT02851979; Pre-results.
PediAppRREST: effectiveness of an interactive cognitive support tablet
app in reducing deviations from guidelines in the management of paediatric
cardiac arrest: protocol for a simulation-based randomised controlled
trial
Authors: Corazza Francesco , Arpone Marta , Snijders Deborah , Cheng Adam , Stritoni Valentina , Ingrassia Pier Luigi , De Luca Marco , Tortorolo Luca , Frigo Anna Chiara , Da Dalt Liviana , Bressan Silvia 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
Paediatric cardiac arrest (PCA), despite its low incidence, has a
high mortality. Its management is complex and deviations from guideline
recommendations occur frequently. We developed a new interactive tablet
app, named PediAppRREST, to support the management of PCA. The app
received a good usability evaluation in a previous pilot trial. The aim
of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the PediAppRREST app in
reducing deviations from guideline recommendations in PCA
management.

Methods and analysis
This is a multicentre, simulation-based, randomised controlled,
three-parallel-arm study. Participants are residents in Paediatric,
Emergency Medicine, and Anaesthesiology programmes in Italy. All 105
teams (315 participants) manage the same scenario of in-hospital PCA.
Teams are randomised by the study statistician into one of three study
arms for the management of the PCA scenario: (1) an intervention group
using the PediAppRREST app or (2) a control group Paediatric Advanced
Life Support (CtrlPALS+) using the PALS pocket reference card; or (3) a
control group (CtrlPALS-) not allowed to use any PALS-related cognitive
aid. The primary outcome of the study is the number of deviations
(delays and errors) in PCA management from PALS guideline
recommendations, according to a novel checklist, named c-DEV15plus. The
c-DEV15plus scores will be compared between groups with a one-way
analysis of variance model, followed by the Tukey-Kramer multiple
comparisons adjustment procedure in case of statistical
significance.

Ethics and dissemination
The Ethics Committee of the University Hospital of Padova,
coordinating centre of the trial, deemed the project to be a negligible
risk study and approved it through an expedited review process. The
results of the study will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals, and
at national and international scientific conferences. Based on the study
results, the PediAppRREST app will be further refined and will be
available for download by institutions/healthcare
professionals.

Trial registration number
NCT04619498; Pre-results.