bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crossing time in the dissipative Landau–Zener quantum dynamics
Authors: Nalbach P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We study the dynamics of a quantum two-state system driven through an avoided crossing under the influence of a super-Ohmic environment. We determine the Landau–Zener probability employing the numerical exact quasi-adiabatic path integral and a Markovian weak coupling approach. Increasing the driving time in the numerical protocol, we find converged results which shows that super-Ohmic environments only influence the Landau Zener probability within a finite crossing time window. This crossing time is qualitatively determined by the environmental cut-off energy. At weak coupling, we show that the Markovian weak coupling approach provides an accurate description. Since pure dephasing of a super-Ohmic bath is non-Markovian, this highlights that pure dephasing hardly influences the Landau–Zener probability. The finite crossing time window, thus, results from the suppression of relaxation once the energy splitting exceeds the environmental cut-off energy.

Graphical abstract
Minimum Flows in Directed 1−n Planar Static and Dynamic Networks with Arcs and Nodes Capacities
Authors: Ciurea Eleonor , Georgescu Oana , Schiopu Camelia 
Published: March 2022

Planar networks are an important special class of networks that arise in several application contexts. Because of the special structure of planar networks, network flow algorithms often run faster on these networks than they do on more general networks. In first part (Secs. 2–5), we present an algorithm for finding maximum cut and an algorithm for finding minimum flow in directed [Formula: see text] planar static networks with arcs and nodes capacities. This part is presented in Ciurea et al. [Proc. 5th Int. Conf. Control Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT2018), Thessaloniki, Greece (2018), pp. 110–115]. In the second part (Secs. 6–8), we present this problem in directed [Formula: see text] planar dynamic networks with arcs and nodes capacities.
ThunderGP: Resource-Efficient Graph Processing Framework on FPGAs with HLS
Authors: Chen Xinyu , Cheng Feng , Tan Hongshi , Chen Yao , He Bingsheng , Wong Weng-Fai , Chen Deming 
Published: March 2022

FPGA has been an emerging computing infrastructure in datacenters benefiting from fine-grained parallelism, energy efficiency, and reconfigurability. Meanwhile, graph processing has attracted tremendous interest in data analytics, and its performance is in increasing demand with the rapid growth of data. Many works have been proposed to tackle the challenges of designing efficient FPGA-based accelerators for graph processing. However, the largely overlooked programmability still requires hardware design expertise and sizable development efforts from developers.
ThunderGP
, a high-level synthesis based graph processing framework on FPGAs, is hence proposed to close the gap, with which developers could enjoy high performance of FPGA-accelerated graph processing by writing only a few high-level functions with no knowledge of the hardware. ThunderGP adopts the gather-apply-scatter model as the abstraction of various graph algorithms and realizes the model by a built-in highly parallel and memory-efficient accelerator template. With high-level functions as inputs, ThunderGP automatically explores massive resources of multiple super-logic regions of modern FPGA platforms to generate and deploy accelerators, as well as schedule tasks for them. Although ThunderGP on DRAM-based platforms is memory bandwidth bounded, recent high bandwidth memory (HBM) brings large potentials to performance. However, the system bottleneck shifts from memory bandwidth to resource consumption on HBM-enabled platforms. Therefore, we further propose to improve resource efficiency of ThunderGP to utilize more memory bandwidth from HBM. We conduct evaluation with seven common graph applications and 19 graphs. ThunderGP on DRAM-based hardware platforms provides 1.9× ∼ 5.2× improvement on bandwidth efficiency over the state of the art, whereas ThunderGP on HBM-based hardware platforms delivers up to 5.2× speedup over the state-of-the-art RTL-based approach. This work is open sourced on GitHub at https://github.com/Xtra-Computing/ThunderGP
.
Development and Validation of Prediction Models for Severe Complications After Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Study Based on the Stroke Registry of Northwestern Germany
Authors: Bonkhoff Anna K. , Rübsamen Nicole , Grefkes Christian , Rost Natalia S. , Berger Klaus , Karch André 
Published: March 2022

Background
The treatment of stroke has been undergoing rapid changes. As treatment options progress, prediction of those under risk for complications becomes more important. Available models have, however, frequently been built based on data no longer representative of today’s care, in particular with respect to acute stroke management. Our aim was to build and validate prediction models for 4 clinically important, severe outcomes after stroke.

Methods and Results

We used German registry data from 152 710 patients with acute ischemic stroke obtained in 2016 (development) and 2017 (validation). We took into account potential predictors that were available at admission and focused on in‐hospital mortality, intracranial mass effect, secondary intracerebral hemorrhage, and deep vein thrombosis as outcomes. Validation cohort prediction and calibration performances were assessed using the following 4 statistical approaches: logistic regression with backward selection,
l
1‐regularized logistic regression, k‐nearest neighbor, and gradient boosting classifier. In‐hospital mortality and intracranial mass effects could be predicted with high accuracy (both areas under the curve, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.90–0.90]), whereas the areas under the curve for intracerebral hemorrhage (0.80 [95% CI, 0.80–0.80]) and deep vein thrombosis (0.73 [95% CI, 0.73–0.73]) were considerably lower. Stroke severity was the overall most important predictor. Models based on gradient boosting achieved better performances than those based on logistic regression for all outcomes. However, area under the curve estimates differed by a maximum of 0.02.

Conclusions
We validated prediction models for 4 severe outcomes after acute ischemic stroke based on routinely collected, recent clinical data. Model performance was superior to previously proposed approaches. These predictions may help to identify patients at risk early after stroke and thus facilitate an individualized level of care.
Activation of Citizen Responders to Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest During the COVID‐19 Outbreak in Denmark 2020
Authors: Gregers Mads Christian Tofte , Andelius Linn , Malta Hansen Carolina , Kragh Astrid Rolin , Torp‐Pedersen Christian , Christensen Helle Collatz , Kjoelbye Julie Samsoee , Væggemose Ulla , Frischknecht Christensen Erika , Folke Fredrik 
Published: March 2022

Background
Little is known about how COVID‐19 influenced engagement of citizen responders dispatched to out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) by a smartphone application. The objective was to describe and analyze the Danish Citizen Responder Program and bystander interventions (both citizen responders and nondispatched bystanders) during the first COVID‐19 lockdown in 2020.

Methods and Results

All OHCAs from January 1, 2020, to June 30, 2020, with citizen responder activation in 2 regions of Denmark were included. We compared citizen responder engagement for OHCA in the nonlockdown period (January 1, 2020, to March 10, 2020, and April 21, 2020, to June 30, 2020) with the lockdown period (March 11, 2020, to April 20, 2020). Data are displayed in the order lockdown versus nonlockdown period. Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rates did not differ in the 2 periods (99% versus 92%;
P
=0.07). Bystander defibrillation (9% versus 14%;
P
=0.4) or return‐of‐spontaneous circulation (23% versus 23%;
P
=1.0) also did not differ. A similar amount of citizen responders accepted alarms during the lockdown (6 per alarm; interquartile range, 6) compared with the nonlockdown period (5 per alarm; interquartile range, 5) (
P
=0.05). More citizen responders reported performing chest‐compression‐only cardiopulmonary resuscitation during lockdown compared with nonlockdown (79% versus 59%;
P
=0.0029), whereas fewer performed standardized cardiopulmonary resuscitation, including ventilations (19% versus 38%;
P
=0.0061). Finally, during lockdown, more citizen responders reported being not psychologically affected by attending an OHCA compared with nonlockdown period (68% versus 56%;
P
<0.0001). Likewise, fewer reported being mildly affected during lockdown (26%) compared with nonlockdown (35%) (
P
=0.003).

Conclusions
The COVID‐19 lockdown in Denmark was not associated with decreased bystander‐initiated resuscitation in OHCAs attended by citizen responders.
Increased Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden With Renal Dysfunction and Albuminuria in Patients Taking Antithrombotic Agents: The Bleeding With Antithrombotic Therapy 2
Authors: Tanaka Kanta , Miwa Kaori , Takagi Masahito , Sasaki Makoto , Yakushiji Yusuke , Kudo Kohsuke , Shiozawa Masayuki , Tanaka Jun , Nishihara Masashi , Yamaguchi Yoshitaka , Fujita Kyohei , Honda Yuko , Kawano Hiroyuki , Ide Toshihiro , Yoshimura Sohei , Koga Masatoshi , Hirano Teruyuki , Toyoda Kazunori 
Published: March 2022

Background
The aim of this study was to determine the associations of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) burden with renal dysfunction and albuminuria in patients taking oral antithrombotic agents.

Methods and Results

Patients who newly started or continued taking oral antiplatelets or anticoagulants were enrolled in a prospective, multicenter, observational study. Obligatorily acquired multimodal magnetic resonance imaging at registration with prespecified imaging conditions was assessed for cerebral microbleeds, white matter hyperintensities, enlarged basal ganglia perivascular spaces, or lacunes, and an ordinal SVD score was calculated (range, 0–4). Multivariable adjusting covariates were age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, current smoking, drinking, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Of 5324 patients (1762 women; median age, 73 years), 4797 (90.1%) patients were taking oral antithrombotic agents for secondary stroke prevention. Cerebral microbleeds were present in 32.7%, confluent white matter hyperintensities in 51.8%, extensive basal ganglia perivascular spaces in 38.9%, and lacunes in 59.4%. Median SVD score was 2. Compared with eGFR category G1 (eGFR ≥90 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
), adjusted odds ratios for SVD score increment were 1.63 (95% CI, 1.11–2.39) at category G4 (eGFR 15–<30 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
) and 2.05 (95% CI, 1.33–3.16) at G5 (eGFR <15 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
). Corresponding odds ratios relative to urinary albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio (ACR) category A1 (ACR <30 mg/g) were 1.29 (95% CI, 1.12–1.49) for category A2 (ACR 30–<300 mg/g) and 1.37 (95% CI, 1.05–1.77) for A3 (ACR ≥300 mg/g). When combined eGFR and ACR categories were assessed, risks for SVD score increment generally increased as eGFR decreased and ACR increased.

Conclusions
Both reduced eGFR and albuminuria were independently associated with increased cerebral SVD burden in patients requiring oral antithrombotic medication mainly for secondary stroke prevention.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01581502; URL:
https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr
; Unique identifier: UMIN000023669.
Attitudes Toward Deprescribing in Older Adults and Caregivers: A Survey in Quebec, Canada
Authors: Rakheja Bianca , Sirois Caroline , Ouellet Nicole , Roux Barbara , Laroche Marie-Laure 
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to describe attitudes toward deprescribing among older adults and caregivers. We recruited 110 adults 65 years and above using at least one prescribed medication for at least 3 months, and 95 unrelated caregivers (18+) of older adults with such characteristics, who answered the validated French version of the revised Patients’ Attitudes Towards Deprescribing questionnaire. More older adults (84.5%) than caregivers (70.5%) ( p = .007) would be willing to stop at least one medication if the doctor said it was possible. Conversely, 93.5% of older adults and 78.9% of caregivers were satisfied with the current medications taken ( p = .0024). The results did not vary according to age, sex, number of medications taken, education level, or residency. Thus, older adults and caregivers are disposed to undertake deprescribing, regardless of sociodemographic characteristics. However, relying solely on satisfaction with current medications may not be sufficient to identify relevant deprescribing opportunities.
Sleep Disturbances and Their Association With Quality of Life in Older Psychiatric Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Xu Xiuying , Li Wen , Zou Siyun , Li Yulong , Wang Huan , Yan Xiaona , Du Xiangdong , Zhang Lan , Zhang Qinge , Cheung Teris , Ungvari Gabor S. , Xiang Yu-Tao 
Published: March 2022

Aims The negative effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality of clinically stable psychiatric patients is unknown. This study examined the prevalence of sleep disturbances and their association with quality of life (QOL) in clinically stable older psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This multicenter, cross-sectional study involved older patients attending maintenance treatment at outpatient departments of four major psychiatric hospitals in China. Patients’ socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were collected. Sleep disturbances, depressive symptoms, and QOL were assessed with the Insomnia Severity Index, the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, and 2 items of the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief version, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the independent associations of socio-demographic and clinical variables with sleep disturbances, while the association between sleep disturbances and QOL was explored with analysis of covariance. Results A total of 941 patients were recruited. The prevalence of sleep disturbances was 57.1% (95% CI: 53.9–60.2%). Analysis of covariance revealed that QOL was significantly lower in patients with sleep disturbances compared to those without. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sleep disturbances were positively and independently associated with more severe depressive symptoms (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.26–1.37). Compared to patients with major depressive disorder, those with other psychiatric diagnoses had a significantly higher prevalence of sleep disturbances (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.00–2.08). Conclusion Sleep disturbances were common among clinically stable older psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering the negative association with QOL, this subpopulation needs regular assessment and timely treatment to reduce their sleep disturbances and improve their QOL.
A fully textile-based skin pH sensor
Authors: Choi Min-Young , Lee Minji , Kim Ji-Hye , Kim Sooyoung , Choi Jonghoon , So Ju-Hee , Koo Hyung-Jun 
Published: March 2022

This paper presents a textile-based pH sensor with high flexibility fabricated by printing a polymer composite as a working electrode and Ag/AgCl/solid electrolyte as a reference electrode on a textile substrate. The textile working electrode is composed of polyaniline, carbon nanotubes, and agarose printed on the textile. A thermoplastic polyurethane overlayer hot-pressed on the textile substrates provides a smooth hydrophobic surface, enabling a more stable formation of the composite films with a reliable output signal. The textile reference electrode is fabricated by printing Ag/AgCl paste and solid electrolyte. The fully textile-based pH sensor, by integrating the textile working and reference electrodes, exhibits a good sensitivity of 45.9 mV/pH with high linearity. The textile pH sensor maintains excellent performance and repeatability with 93% retention even in a bent state and after 1000 bending cycles. Finally, it is demonstrated that the textile pH sensor can detect the pH change on a piece of porcine skin.
Efficacy and Safety of Huaier Granule as an Adjuvant Therapy for Cancer: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
Authors: Chen Jixin , Chen Shuqi , Zhou Yushu , Wang Sumei , Wu Wanyin 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: In China, Huaier granule (HG) is widely applied to tumor adjuvant therapy. However, systematic reviews (SRs) or meta-analyses (MAs) published continuously failed to reach a consensus, without convincing evidence. An overview should be conducted to summarize the evidence-based progress and try to provide some value references for relative research and clinical practice in the future. Methods: From inception to October 2021, 8 databases in English and Chinese were searched. SRs/MAs meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Relevant criteria were used to evaluate SRs/MAs including methodological quality, reporting quality, risk of bias, and evidence quality of effect and safety. Results: The short-term effect, long-term effect, and safety in 6 included SRs/MAs were assessed in this overview according to quantitative synthesis. Results assessed by AMSTAR-2, PRISMA, and ROBIS were generally unsatisfactory with the main problems on registration or protocol, a search of grey literature, a list of excluded studies, bias of each synthetic result, and inadequate report of search strategy and synthesis methods. Additionally, 28 items were assessed as moderate quality while 12 items were low-quality and 6 items were very low-quality in GRADE. Risk of bias was the main downgrading factor. Conclusion: HG may be a promising adjuvant therapy for cancer. However, high-quality SRs/MAs and RCTs should be conducted to provide sufficient evidence so as to draw a definitive conclusion.
Treatment and Management of Upper Extremity Dysfunction Following Transradial Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Cheung Elena S. , Zwaan Eva M. , Schreuders Ton A. R. , Kofflard Marcel J. M. , Coert J. Henk. , Alings Marco , IJsselmuiden Alexander J. J. , Holtzer Carlo A. J. 
Published: March 2022

Background: The transradial artery access is the benchmark approach in transradial percutaneous coronary intervention (TR-PCI). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the different complications, treatments, and outcome of upper extremity dysfunction following a TR-PCI. Methods: This was a prospective cohort substudy of patients with access-site complications. The study population consisted of 433 patients treated with TR-PCI. Referral to the hand center was mandated if the patient experienced new-onset or increase of preexistent symptoms in the upper extremity. Patients were followed up to the last control visit (5-7 months after the index procedure) at the hand center. Outcome results were categorized in “symptom-free,” “improvement of symptoms,” and “no improvement.” Results: Forty-one (9% of total) patients underwent assessment at the hand center. Most frequent referral indication was pain in the intervention arm. Women, preexisting sensibility disorder, and osteoarthritis in the intervention arm were associated with increased odds of referral. The most common complications diagnosed were carpal tunnel syndrome (n = 18) and osteoarthritis (n = 15). Thirty patients required further medical treatment. Immobilization therapy was most applied. Seventeen (4% of total) patients had persisting symptoms despite medical treatment. Conclusions: The occurrence of complications in the upper extremity after a TR-PCI is small. Despite medical treatment, symptoms persisted in 4% of all patients treated with TR-PCI. Possible explanations for the persisting symptoms are exacerbation of latent osteoarthritis and carpal tunnel syndrome by trauma-induced edema. Awareness of TR-PCI-induced complications among all specialists is essential to optimize patient care.
Charges for Distal Radius Fracture Fixation Are Affected by Fracture Pattern, Location of Service, and Anesthesia Type
Authors: Goodman Avi D. , Brodeur Peter , Cruz Aristides I. , Kosinski Lindsay R. , Akelman Edward , Gil Joseph A. 
Published: March 2022

Background: This study sought to characterize charges associated with operative treatment of distal radius fractures and identify sources of variation contributing to overall cost. Methods: A retrospective study was performed using the New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database from 2009-2017. Outpatient claims were identified using the International Classification of Diseases-9/10-Clinical Modification diagnosis codes for distal radius fixation surgery. A multivariable mixed model regression was performed to identify variables contributing to total charges of the claim, including patient demographics, anesthesia method, surgery location (ambulatory surgery center [ASC] versus a hospital outpatient department [HOPD], operation time, insurance type, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and billed procedure codes. Results: A total of 9029 claims were included, finding older age, private primary insurance, surgery performed in a HOPD, and use of local anesthesia (vs general or regional) associated with increased total charges. There was no difference between gender, race, or ethnicity. Additionally, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), increased operative time/fracture complexity, and use of perioperative medications contributed significantly to overall costs. Conclusions: Charges for distal radius fracture surgery performed in a HOPD were 28.3% higher than compared to an ASC, and cases with local anesthesia had higher billed claims compared to regional or general anesthesia. Furthermore, charges for percutaneous fixation were 54.6% lower than ORIF of extraarticular fracture, and claims had substantial geographic variation. These findings may be used by providers and payers to help improve value of distal radius fracture care. Level of Evidence: Level III
Clozapine- and non-clozapine-associated neutropenia in patients with schizophrenia: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Johannsen Claas-Frederik , Petersen Tonny Studsgaard , Nielsen Jimmi , Jørgensen Anders , Jimenez-Solem Espen , Fink-Jensen Anders 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The antipsychotic drug clozapine remains underutilized partly because of the risk of life-threatening adverse effects, such as neutropenia. Therefore, an extensive hematological monitoring program was set up to detect neutropenia. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we used registry-based data from the Capital Region of Denmark to investigate incidence rates of neutropenia among patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders and treated with clozapine for the first time. In a within-subject design, we compared rates of neutropenia in time periods where patients were exposed to clozapine versus time periods, where they were not exposed to clozapine. We also investigated whether the lengths of clozapine-associated neutropenia (CAN) were related to discontinuation of clozapine treatment. Results: Data from 520 clozapine users were included. The incidence rate of CAN was 3.2 cases per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1–4.8) throughout the entire study. There was no significant difference in incidence rates of neutropenia during clozapine exposure and non-clozapine exposure, with an incidence rate ratio of 0.7 (95% CI: 0.4–1.3). One episode of severe neutropenia was detected. Episodes of CAN with only one sub-threshold neutrophil count were not associated with higher clozapine discontinuation (26%) than CAN episodes of more than one sub-threshold neutrophil count (28%). Conclusion: In the present study, we could not confirm that clozapine treatment was associated with neutropenia.