bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the temporal dynamics of estimated environmental niche hypervolumes for marine fishes
Authors: Vilas Daniel , Fletcher Robert J. , Siders Zachary A. , Chagaris David 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnderstanding how species respond to the environment is essential in ecology, evolution, and conservation. Abiotic factors can influence species responses and the multi‐dimensional space of abiotic factors that allows a species to grow represents the environmental niche. While niches are often assumed to be constant and robust, they are most likely changing over time and estimation can be influenced by population biology, sampling intensity, and computation methodology. Here, we used a 12‐year time series of survey data to fit annual ecological niche models (ENMs) for 10 marine fish species by using two regression and two machine learning algorithms to evaluate the variation and differentiation of environmental niches. Fitted ENMs were used to develop multi‐dimensional annual and pooled hypervolumes that were evaluated over time and across ENM algorithms, species, and years by computing volume, distance, and dissimilarity metrics for each annual estimated niche. We then investigated potential drivers of estimated hypervolume dynamics including species abundance, species occurrence, sampling effort, salinity, red tides severity, and algorithm. Overall, our results revealed that estimated niches varied over time and across ENM, species, and algorithms. Niche estimation was influenced over time by multiple factors suggesting high complexity on niche dynamics interpretation. Species with high occurrence tended to have a closer representation of the pooled niche and years with higher abundance tended to produce niche expansion. ENM algorithm, sampling effort, seawater salinity, and red tides explained the deviations from the pooled niche. Greater sampling effort led to more comprehensive and complete estimates of species niches. High red tides severity triggered niche contraction. Our results emphasize the predictable effects of population, sampling, and environment on species niche estimation and interpretation, and that each should be considered when performing and interpreting ecological niche analyses. Our niche analysis approach may contribute to effectively quantifying and assessing niche dynamics.
Field‐based adipose tissue quantification in sea turtles using bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy validated with CT scans and deep learning
Authors: Kophamel Sara , Ward Leigh C. , Konovalov Dmitry A. , Mendez Diana , Ariel Ellen , Cassidy Nathan , Bell Ian , Balastegui Martínez María T. , Munns Suzanne L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLoss of adipose tissue in vertebrate wildlife species is indicative of decreased nutritional and health status and is linked to environmental stress and diseases. Body condition indices (BCI) are commonly used in ecological studies to estimate adipose tissue mass across wildlife populations. However, these indices have poor predictive power, which poses the need for quantitative methods for improved population assessments. Here, we calibrate bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) as an alternative approach for assessing the nutritional status of vertebrate wildlife in ecological studies. BIS is a portable technology that can estimate body composition from measurements of body impedance and is widely used in humans. BIS is a predictive technique that requires calibration using a reference body composition method. Using sea turtles as model organisms, we propose a calibration protocol using computed tomography (CT) scans, with the prediction equation being: adipose tissue mass (kg) = body mass − (−0.03 [intercept] − 0.29 * length2/resistance at 50 kHz + 1.07 * body mass − 0.11 * time after capture). CT imaging allows for the quantification of body fat. However, processing the images manually is prohibitive due to the extensive time requirement. Using a form of artificial intelligence (AI), we trained a computer model to identify and quantify nonadipose tissue from the CT images, and adipose tissue was determined by the difference in body mass. This process enabled estimating adipose tissue mass from bioelectrical impedance measurements. The predictive performance of the model was built on 2/3 samples and tested against 1/3 samples. Prediction of adipose tissue percentage had greater accuracy when including impedance parameters (mean bias = 0.11%–0.61%) as predictor variables, compared with using body mass alone (mean bias = 6.35%). Our standardized BIS protocol improves on conventional body composition assessment methods (e.g., BCI) by quantifying adipose tissue mass. The protocol can be applied to other species for the validation of BIS and to provide robust information on the nutritional and health status of wildlife, which, in turn, can be used to inform conservation decisions at the management level.
Differentiation of various drive cycles for estimating an electric four wheeler's energy utilisation for efficacious performance
Authors: Wankhede Sagar , Kamble Laxman , Thorat Prajwal 
Published: December 2022

AbstractElectric vehicles (EVs) have gained popularity due to unforeseen environmental issues which are on board due to use of fossil fuels. Considering the performance of EVs is mostly driven by two main parameters the range of EVs and energy consumption per kilometre driven by the vehicles. The range of EVs is inversely proportional to the energy consumption per kilometre. Drive cycles are designed to help estimate energy consumption per kilometre of the vehicle. The various DCs used are Indian Drive Cycle (IDC), New European Drive Cycle (NEDC), Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP) and many more. The article analyses the vehicle dynamics specifications of TATA NEXON EV and calculations based on the used DCs to estimate the range of the vehicle in NEDC and IDC which was found to be 330 and 288 km, respectively. The article highlights the importance of estimating or calculating the energy consumption as it is important to determine the range of the vehicle. All automobile makers in the world are trying to decrease the energy consumption per kilometre consumption to enhance range thereby making changes in design of the vehicle but without compromising the safety of the customers. The article finally focuses on the importance of proper infrastructure facilities of roads and signalling system across the roads along with efficient battery cooling techniques helps enhance the range and life of EVs and lithium‐ion batteries. An electric four‐wheeler with the identical specifications utilised less energy when tested on the NEDC as opposed to the IDC.
The cortical regions and white matter tracts underlying auditory comprehension in patients with primary brain tumor
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yao Ye , Wu Jin‐song , Rolls Edmund T. , Sun Ce‐chen , Bu Ling‐hao , Lu Jun‐feng , Lin Ching‐po , Feng Jian‐feng , Mao Ying , Zhou Liang‐fu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe comprehension of spoken language is one of the most essential language functions in humans. However, the neurological underpinnings of auditory comprehension remain under debate. Here we used multi‐modal neuroimaging analyses on a group of patients with low‐grade gliomas to localize cortical regions and white matter tracts responsible for auditory language comprehension. Region‐of‐interests and voxel‐level whole‐brain analyses showed that cortical areas in the posterior temporal lobe are crucial for language comprehension. The fiber integrity assessed with diffusion tensor imaging of the arcuate fasciculus and the inferior longitudinal fasciculus was strongly correlated with both auditory comprehension and the grey matter volume of the inferior temporal and middle temporal gyri. Together, our findings provide direct evidence for an integrated network of auditory comprehension whereby the superior temporal gyrus and sulcus, the posterior parts of the middle and inferior temporal gyri serve as auditory comprehension cortex, and the arcuate fasciculus and the inferior longitudinal fasciculus subserve as crucial structural connectivity. These findings provide critical evidence on the neural underpinnings of language comprehension.
Occult metastases of oral maxillary squamous cell carcinoma: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: de la Fuente Carlos , Prat‐Valero Nil , Alberola‐Ferranti Margarita , Mis‐Castell David , Sáez‐Barba Manel , Pujol‐Pina Rosa , Pamias‐Romero Jorge , Bescós‐Atín Coro 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSquamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity. The performance of END (elective neck dissection) in cases of maxillary SCC is controversial because the literature traditionally classified maxillary tumors as having low metastatic potential. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to determine the percentage of occult cervical metastases in maxillary SCC to identify in which cases there is the need to perform an END. We searched the PubMed database to select articles dated from 2000 to 2020 that fulfilled our inclusion criteria; finally, we reviewed 27 manuscripts. We show that the overall cervical and occult metastases rate was 35% and 19%, respectively. For T1, the percentage of occult metastasis rate was 11%; for T2, it was 16%; for T3, it was 20%; and for T4, it was 32%. We suggest END (levels I–II–III) as treatment to T3/T4 cN0 patients.
Radiation‐induced sarcoma of head and neck: Clinical characteristics and molecular signatures
Authors: Liao Yu‐Hao , Hsu Chia‐Lang , Leu Chih‐Yu , Lai Shih‐Fan , Huang Yen‐Lin , Hsieh Min‐Shu , Chen Tseng‐Cheng , Chen Chun‐Nan , Wang Cheng‐Ping , Yang Tsung‐Lin , Tsai Mong‐Hsun , Lin Mei‐Chun , Lou Pei‐Jen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundRadiation‐induced sarcoma of the head and neck (RISHN) is a rare yet devastating potential complication of radiotherapy treatment. We aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics and molecular signatures of RISHN in patients who underwent radiotherapy for head and neck cancer (HNC) to identify high‐risk patients and enable earlier cancer detection.MethodsThis study retrospectively evaluated 24 sarcoma patients who received radiotherapy for HNC between 1994 and 2019. Patients were divided into two groups based on RISHN latency period. Patient demographics, initial tumor staging, risk factors, and survival between groups were analyzed, and whole‐exome sequencing (WES) of selected samples was performed.ResultsThe median age at diagnosis of RISHN was 54 years, and the male‐to‐female ratio was 2:1. The latency period ranged from 0.8 to 64.4 years (median 6.5 years), with a median survival of 21.5 months. Primary cancer in the oral cavity, treatment with alkylating agents, alcohol consumption, betel nut chewing, and smoking were identified as risk factors for short (<5 years) latency periods. The majority of RISHN cases occurred in the oral cavity (58.3%). WES analysis showed that tumor necrosis factor and cell cycle checkpoint pathways were differentially involved in both patient groups.ConclusionsAlthough case numbers were small, our cohort represents the largest case series of RISHN from a single institution to date. Clinicians must be aware of factors affecting RISHN development and latency, and risk factor identification may lead to earlier detection and prevention in the future.
Engineering Glyco‐Enzymes for Substrate Identification and Targeting
Authors: Burns Mary W. N. , Kohler Jennifer J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGlycoconjugates are assembled by the coordinate actions of glycosyltransferases, which add sugars, and glycosidases, which remove sugars. These glyco‐enzymes comprise families of enzymes that catalyze the same reaction, making it difficult to identify the direct substrates of each isozyme. To solve this challenge, mutagenesis of glyco‐enzymes has been used to enable incorporation of unnatural sugar analogs that can be employed to tag and isolate the protein substrates of an individual glycosyltransferase. A second challenge arises in efforts to determine which substrates mediate biological effects. Engineering a glycosyltransferase to target its activity toward select acceptor substrates allows deconvolution of the roles of specific glycosylation events. Similarly, glycosidases can be engineered to target specific substrates, with basic science and translational applications. This review describes recent efforts at engineering glyco‐enzymes to identify and target their distinct substrates.
Anticardiolipin and anti‐beta 2‐glycoprotein I antibodies in patients with unexplained articular manifestations
Authors: Melayah Sarra , Ghozzi Mariem , Ghedira Ibtissem , Mankaï Amani 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the frequency of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in patients with unexplained articular manifestations.Material and MethodsThree hundred thirteen patients suffering from arthritis or arthralgia without evident cause and 266 healthy blood donors (HBD) were included in the study. Anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and anti‐beta 2‐glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI) were measured by ELISA.ResultOut of the 313 patients, 250 were females and 63 were males. The mean age of patients was 49 ± 14 years (17–87 years). One hundred eleven patients have arthralgia and 202 have arthritis. The frequency of aCL and/or aβ2GPI (24.9%) was significantly higher in patients than in HBD (10.9%). The frequency of aβ2GPI was 23.6% in patients and 9.4% in the control group (p < 10−3). aβ2GPI‐IgA was significantly more frequent in patients than in the control group (20.4% vs. 7.5%, p < 10−3). aβ2GPI was most commonly observed than aCL in patients (23.6% vs. 6.4%, p < 10−6). IgA isotype of aβ2GPI was the most frequent in 20.4% of patients while IgG and IgM were detected in 5.4% and 2.9% respectively.ConclusionThis study showed that aPL were common in patients with articular manifestations and were mainly directed against β2GPI. The role of these antibodies remains to be specified.
AdipoRon enhances healthspan in middle‐aged obese mice: striking alleviation of myosteatosis and muscle degenerative markers
Authors: Selvais Camille M. , Davis‐López de Carrizosa María A. , Nachit Maxime , Versele Romain , Dubuisson Nicolas , Noel Laurence , Gillard Justine , Leclercq Isabelle A. , Brichard Sonia M. , Abou‐Samra Michel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundObesity among older adults has increased tremendously. Obesity accelerates ageing and predisposes to age‐related conditions and diseases, such as loss of endurance capacity, insulin resistance and features of the metabolic syndrome. Namely, ectopic lipids play a key role in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and myosteatosis, two severe burdens of ageing and metabolic diseases. Adiponectin (ApN) is a hormone, mainly secreted by adipocytes, which exerts insulin‐sensitizing and fat‐burning properties in several tissues including the liver and the muscle. Its overexpression also increases lifespan in mice. In this study, we investigated whether an ApN receptor agonist, AdipoRon (AR), could slow muscle dysfunction, myosteatosis and degenerative muscle markers in middle‐aged obese mice. The effects on myosteatosis were compared with those on NAFLD.MethodsThree groups of mice were studied up to 62 weeks of age: One group received normal diet (ND), another, high‐fat diet (HFD); and the last, HFD combined with AR given orally for almost 1 year. An additional group of young mice under an ND was used. Treadmill tests and micro‐computed tomography (CT) were carried out in vivo. Histological, biochemical and molecular analyses were performed on tissues ex vivo. Bodipy staining was used to assess intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) and lipid droplet morphology.ResultsAR did not markedly alter diet‐induced obesity. Yet, this treatment rescued exercise endurance in obese mice (up to 2.4‐fold, P < 0.05), an event that preceded the improvement of insulin sensitivity. Dorsal muscles and liver densities, measured by CT, were reduced in obese mice (−42% and −109%, respectively, P < 0.0001), suggesting fatty infiltration. This reduction tended to be attenuated by AR. Accordingly, AR significantly mitigated steatosis and cellular ballooning at liver histology, thereby decreasing the NALFD activity score (−30%, P < 0.05). AR also strikingly reversed IMCL accumulation either due to ageing in oxidative fibres (types 1/2a, soleus) or to HFD in glycolytic ones (types 2x/2b, extensor digitorum longus) (−50% to −85%, P < 0.05 or less). Size of subsarcolemmal lipid droplets, known to be associated with adverse metabolic outcomes, was reduced as well. Alleviation of myosteatosis resulted from improved mitochondrial function and lipid oxidation. Meanwhile, AR halved aged‐related accumulation of dysfunctional proteins identified as tubular aggregates and cylindrical spirals by electron microscopy (P < 0.05).ConclusionsLong‐term AdipoRon treatment promotes ‘healthy ageing’ in obese middle‐aged mice by enhancing endurance and protecting skeletal muscle and liver against the adverse metabolic and degenerative effects of ageing and caloric excess.
Effect of sintering optimization on the photoelectrochemical performance of Cu2ZnSnS4 nanocrystal films
Authors: Heidari Sahar , Pan Lixia , Wu Jiazhe , Liu Longjie , Zhang Wenshuai , Li Rui , Chen Yubin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDSemiconductor‐based photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting represents one attractive route to generate clean hydrogen. Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is considered a promising photoelectric material for PEC water splitting due to its high absorption coefficient, small bandgap, nontoxicity, and earth‐abundant elements. Only a few critical parameters limit the performance of CZTS nanocrystal films. Of those, heat treatment is essential for producing high‐performance films.RESULTSIn this work, CZTS nanocrystals were produced by a facile method and applied in making CZTS films for PEC water reduction. Therefore, the influences of heat treatment parameters on the performance of films were investigated in the low‐temperature heat treatment range. The surfactant polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in the films could not be completely decomposed at low heat treatment temperatures, leading to film resistance that was harmful to the PEC process. Meanwhile, SnSx impurities would arise at temperatures over 400 °C, thus reducing the PEC performance.CONCLUSIONThe best activity for PEC water reduction was obtained at 385 °C for 10 min. Furthermore, the PEC performance of CZTS films generated by fast heating (10 °C s−1) was superior to that of films generated by slow heating (10 °C min−1) due to the inhibition from the development of SnSx impurities. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Immunotactoid glomerulopathy and chronic lymphocytic leukemia: The need for a multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Rago Angela , Pettorini Laura , Andriani Alessandro , Caravita di Toritto Tommaso 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common type of leukemia in western countries. The association between CLL and glomerular disease (GD) is rare. The most frequent GD associated with CLL is membranoproliferative membranous glomerulonephritis (GN) (MPGN) (45%) types I and II, followed by membranous glomerulonephritis, with the same reports of immunotactoid glomerulopathy (ITG). We report a case of ITG diagnosed on kidney biopsy in a CLL patient and the response of renal parameters to drug treatment for CLL. The patient was treated with several lines of therapies with a good response.
Political meddling in social assistance programme: Panel data evidence from India
Authors: Unnikrishnan Vidhya , Dey Subhasish 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the role of the horizontal and vertical network in aiding eligible individuals to receive Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme. A vertical network refers to a household's political connection, and a horizontal network denotes the interconnectedness with others in the society. We have used data from all India representative individual level (2004–2005 and 2011–2012) panel data released by the India Human Development Survey. Our estimated results from the individual level fixed effects model suggest that programme eligible individuals with vertical networks have a higher probability of receiving the programme. Sub‐sample heterogeneities are detailed in the paper.
Dual‐view holographic AR display based on Bragg mismatched reconstruction of the holographic optical element
Authors: Qin Xiujuan , Sang Xinzhu , Li Hui , Xiao Rui , Zhong Chongli , Yan Binbin , Sun Zhi , Dong Yu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA method for dual‐view holographic display based on Bragg mismatched reconstruction of holographic optical element (HOE) is proposed. Under the Bragg mismatched condition, the reconstructed images are guided into two separated viewing zones to realize dual‐view holographic display. Meanwhile, the viewing angle of each perspective is increased to 11.2°, which is almost 2.5 times as large as the traditional holographic display system. The design process of HOE is simple only by interference of plane reference wave and converging spherical signal wave, which has high practicability. Furthermore, the HOE can mix the virtual 3D image with real‐world scenes, which could implement augmented reality (AR) display. Experiments validate that the proposed system can achieve dual‐view holographic AR three‐dimensional (3D) display with accommodation effect.
Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of cognitive processing therapy in Japanese patients with posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: Takagishi Yuriko , Ito Masaya , Kanie Ayako , Morita Nobuaki , Makino Miyuki , Katayanagi Akiko , Sato Tamae , Imamura Fumi , Nakajima Satomi , Oe Yuki , Kashimura Masami , Kikuchi Akiko , Narisawa Tomomi , Horikoshi Masaru 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCognitive processing therapy (CPT) is one of the most widely tested evidence‐based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, most studies on CPT have been conducted in Western cultural settings. This open‐label, single‐arm trial investigated the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of CPT for treating Japanese patients with PTSD. A total of 25 outpatients underwent 12 CPT sessions. The primary outcome was the assessment of PTSD symptoms using the Clinician‐Administered PTSD Scale for DSM‐IV (CAPS‐IV); secondary outcomes included the assessment of subjective PTSD severity, depressive and anxiety symptoms, trauma‐related cognitions, and subjective quality of life. All outcomes were evaluated at pretreatment (i.e., baseline), posttreatment, and 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐ups. On average, participants attended 13 sessions of CPT (SD = 1.38), with a completion rate of 96.0%. One serious adverse event (hospitalization) occurred. Significant within‐subjects standardized mean differences in CAPS‐IV scores were found from baseline to treatment completion, g = −2.28, 95% CI [−3.00, −1.56]; 6‐month follow‐up, g = −2.95, 95% CI [−3.79, −2.12]; and 12‐month follow‐up, g = −2.15, 95% CI [−2.89, −1.41]. Moderate‐to‐large effects, gs = −0.77 to −2.45, were found on secondary outcomes. These findings support the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of CPT in a Japanese clinical setting.