bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE MANDIBULAR SHAPE IN OPEN BITE EARLY TREATMENT RELAPSE: A GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Paoloni Valeria , Lugli Letizia , Danesi Carlotta , Cozza Paola 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the mandibular shape differences between a group of success and a group of failure Anterior Open Bite malocclusion early orthodontic treatment in growing subjects, in order to identify mandibular features of relapse. Methods: 23 patients (7 males, 16 females, 9.3 years ± 1,5 years) were enrolled from the Department of Orthodontics at the University of XXXXXXX. Inclusion criteria were: white ancestry, OVB<0 mm, mixed dentition phase, cervical skeletal maturation CS1-CS2, no previous orthodontic treatment, no congenital diseases. Pre-treatment (T1) lateral cephalograms were acquired. Each patient underwent early orthodontic treatment with Rapid Maxillary Expander (RME) and Bite Block (BB) or Quad-Helix Crib (QHC) until open bite correction. Radiographic records were recollected at T2 (permanent dentition, skeletal cervical maturation CS3-CS4). Mean interval time T2-T1 was 4.2 years. According to treatment stability, a Relapse Group (RG, 11 subjects) and a Success Group (SG, 12 subjects) were identified. Mandibular cephalometric measurements were analysed and mandibular Geometric Morphometric analysis (GMM) was applied. Intergroup statistically significant differences were found using student’s t-tests. Procrustes analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed for the GMM. Results: At T1 no statistically significant differences were found between RG and SG, however higher values of antegonial notch depth were found in RG. T2-T1 comparison showed in RG statistically significant increases in Co-Gn (p=0.04), NGo^GoMe angle (p=0.01) and antegonial notch depth (p=0,04). PC1 confirmed the increase in the antegonial notch depth in RG when compared to SG at T2. Conclusions: The increased mandibular length, the increased inferior gonial angle and the increased antegonial notch depth can be considered features of relapse in early orthodontic treatment in open bite growing subjects.
Effects of ALT-801, a GLP-1 and glucagon receptor dual agonist, in a translational mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Nestor John J , Parkes David , Feigh Michael , Suschak John , Harris. M Scott 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Body weight loss of ≥ 10% improves the metabolic derangements and liver disease in the majority of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) patients, suggesting metabolic modulators may be effective in controlling disease. The pharmacodynamics of ALT-801, a GLP-1/glucagon receptor dual agonist optimized for NASH and weight loss, were compared to semaglutide (GLP-1 receptor agonist) and elafibranor (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, PPAR-α/δ, agonist) in a biopsy-confirmed, diet-induced obese (DIO) mouse model of NASH (DIO-NASH). Male C57BL/6J mice were fed Amylin Liver NASH (AMLN) diet for 32 weeks. Animals with biopsy-confirmed steatosis and fibrosis received ALT-801, semaglutide, elafibranor, or vehicle daily for 12 weeks while maintained on the AMLN diet. Study endpoints included body and liver weight, liver and plasma total cholesterol and triglycerides, plasma aminotransferases, histological analysis of liver steatosis, inflammation (galectin-3) and fibrosis (collagen type 1 alpha 1), and evaluation of individual animal changes in composite Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Activity Score (NAS) and fibrosis stage. ALT-801 demonstrated significant reductions in body weight (approx. 25%), plasma aminotransferases, plasma total cholesterol and liver triglycerides/total cholesterol in conjunction with improved liver steatosis, with greater reductions (p < 0.05) compared to semaglutide and elafibranor. ALT-801 significantly reduced the inflammation marker galectin-3 and the fibrosis marker collagen type 1 alpha 1 vs. vehicle (p < 0.05), with ALT-801 producing greater reductions in galectin-3 vs. elafibranor (p < 0.05). Importantly, all animals treated with ALT-801 significantly improved composite NAS compared to the active controls. This study provides evidence for a potential role for ALT-801 in the therapeutic treatment of NASH.
Establishment of a High Content Image Platform to Measure NF-κB Nuclear Translocation
in LPS-induced RAW264.7 Macrophages for Screening Anti-inflammatory
Drug Candidates
Authors: Zhang Yan-Yu , Yao Yun-Da , Cheng Qi-Qing , Huang Yu-Feng , Zhou Hua 
Published: April 2022

Background:
High content image (HCI), an automatic imaging and analysis system, provides a fast drug
screening method by detecting the subcellular distribution of protein in intact cells.

Objective:
This study established the first standardized HCI platform for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced
RAW264.7 macrophages to screen anti-inflammatory compounds by measuring nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) nuclear
translocation.

Method:
The influence of the cell passages, cell density, LPS induction time and concentration, antibody dilution,
serum, dimethyl sulfoxide, and analysis parameters on NF-κB nuclear translocation and HCI data quality was optimized.
The BAY-11-7085, the positive control for inhibiting NF-κB, and the Western blot assay were separately
employed to verify the stability and reliability of the platform. Lastly, the effect of BHA on NO release, iNOS expression,
IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α mRNA in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells was detected.

Results:
The optimal conditions for measuring NF-κB translocation in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells by HCI were
established. Cells that do not exceed 22 passages were seeded at a density of 10 k cells/well and pretreated with
compounds following 200 ng/mL LPS for 40 min. Parameters including the nuclear area of 65 μm2, cell area of 80
μm2, collar of 0.9 μm, and sensitivity of 25% were recommended for image segmentation algorithms in the analysis
workstation. Benzoylhypaconine from aconite was screened for the first time as an anti-inflammatory candidate by
the established HCI platform. The inhibitory effect of benzoylhypaconine on NF-κB translocation was verified by
Western blot. Furthermore, benzoylhypaconine reduced the release of NO, inhibited the expression of iNOS, and
decreased the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α.

Conclusion:
The established HCI platform could be applied to screen anti-inflammatory compounds by measuring
the NF-κB nuclear translocation in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells.
Recent Advances in the Applications of Green Synthesized Nanoparticle
based Nanofluids for the Environmental Remediation
Authors: Sonawane Shriram S. , Thakur Parag P. , Malika Manjakuppam , Ali Hafiz Muhammad 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
With the ever-growing importance of green technology, the utilization of inorganic metal oxide nanoparticles and their nanofluids against microorganisms are garnered more attention than that of organic metal oxides in recent years. Therefore, the utilization of safer, energy and cost-effective natural raw materials, stabilizing agents, and solvents are the fundamental considerations of the greener process. Due to the unique properties, larger surface area to volume ratio, higher stability and selective toxicity towards the microbial pathogens, ZnO, TiO2 and silver nanoparticles are considered to be environment friendly and cost-effective antimicrobial agents. Furthermore, amine-based silica nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes are used for the carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide separation. The review is mainly focused on the green synthesis of the various nanoparticles to form nanofluids and their application in environmental remediation. In this light, the current paper briefly summarizes the preparation methods and the prospective environmental remediation applications of various nanofluids in the field of microorganisms controlling mechanisms, wastewater treatment methods and harmful gaseous removal methods.
EGF/EGFR Promotes Salivary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Cell Malignant
Neural Invasion via Activation of PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK Signaling
Authors: Ren Yixiong , Hong Yonglong , He Wenting , Liu Yakun , Chen Wenge , Wen Sui , Sun Moyi 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) is one of the most common malignant
cancers of the salivary gland, and 32.4-72.0% of SACC cases exhibit neural invasion (NI);
however, the molecular mechanism underlying the high invasion potential of SACC remains unclear.

Methods:
The present study investigated the role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the
AKT inhibition- or mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)-induced NI and epithelialmesenchymal
transition (EMT) in SACC cells using EGFR, PI3K, and MEK inhibitors. SACC-83
cell viability was assessed using an MTT assay, and a wound healing assay was performed to evaluate
cell migration. Immunohistochemical staining with streptavidin peroxidase was used to detect the
positive expression rate of EMT, AKT, phosphorylated (p)-AKT, ERK, and p-ERK proteins. The impact
of EGFR, PI3K, and MEK inhibitors on tumor growth and NI was examined in a xenograft model
in nude mice.

Results:
EGF and EGFR are effective in increasing cell viability, migration, and invasion. SACC metastasis
is affected by the PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK pathways, both of which are initiated by
EGF/EGFR. The EMT and NI are regulated by the EGF/EGFR, PI3K/AKT, and MEK/ERK pathways.
The present findings demonstrate the importance of suppressed EGFR/AKT/MEK signaling in
NI in SACC by neural-tumor co-culture in vitro. Furthermore, our preclinical experiment provides
solid evidence that injection of EGFR, PI3K, and MEK inhibitors suppressed the tumor growth and
NI of SACC cells in nude mice.

Conclusion:
It was identified that inhibitors of EGFR, PI3K/AKT or MEK/ERK suppressed the proliferation,
migration, and NI of SACC-83 cells via downregulation of the PI3K/AKT or MEK/ERK
pathways. It was also demonstrated that inhibition of EGFR abolishes EMT in SACC by inhibiting
the signaling of PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK. The present results suggest the potential effectiveness of
targeting multiple oncogenes associated with downstream pathways of EGF/EGFR, as well as potential
therapeutic targets to limit NI in SACC by PI3K/AKT or MEK/ERK inhibition.
Strategies for Treatment of Disease-Associated Dementia Beyond Alzheimer's
Disease: An Update
Authors: Khan Sabiya Samim , Khatik Gopal L. , Datusalia Ashok K. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Memory, cognition, dementia, and neurodegeneration are complexly interlinked processes
with various mechanistic pathways, leading to a range of clinical outcomes. They are strongly associated
with pathological conditions like Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia,
and stroke and are a growing concern for their timely diagnosis and management. Several cognitionenhancing
interventions for management include non-pharmacological interventions like diet, exercise,
and physical activity, while pharmacological interventions include medicinal agents, herbal
agents, and nutritional supplements. This review critically analyzed and discussed the currently
available agents under different drug development phases designed to target the molecular targets,
including cholinergic receptor, glutamatergic system, GABAergic targets, glycine site, serotonergic
targets, histamine receptors, etc. Understanding memory formation and pathways involved therein
aids in opening the new gateways to treating cognitive disorders. However, clinical studies suggest
that there is still a dearth of knowledge about the pathological mechanism involved in neurological
conditions, making the dropouts of agents from the initial phases of the clinical trial. Hence, a better
understanding of the disease biology, mode of drug action, and interlinked mechanistic pathways at
a molecular level is required.
The NLRP3 Inflammasome in Stress Response: Another Target for the
Promiscuous Cannabidiol
Authors: Hartmann Alice , Vila-Verde Carla , Guimarães Francisco S. , Joca Sâmia R. , Lisboa Sabrina F. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Many psychiatric patients do not respond to conventional therapy. There is a vast effort
to investigate possible mechanisms involved in treatment resistance, trying to provide better treatment
options, and several data points toward a possible involvement of inflammatory mechanisms.
Microglia, glial, and resident immune cells are involved in complex responses in the brain, orchestrating
homeostatic functions, such as synaptic pruning and maintaining neuronal activity. In contrast,
microglia play a major role in neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and cell death. Increasing
evidence implicate microglia dysfunction in neuropsychiatric disorders. The mechanisms are
still unclear, but one pathway in microglia has received increased attention in the last 8 years, i.e.,
the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Stress response and inflammation, including microglia activation,
can be attenuated by Cannabidiol (CBD). CBD has antidepressant, anti-stress, antipsychotic,
anti-inflammatory, and other properties. CBD effects are mediated by direct or indirect modulation
of many receptors, enzymes, and other targets. This review will highlight some findings for neuroinflammation
and microglia involvement in stress-related psychiatric disorders, particularly addressing
the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Moreover, we will discuss evidence and mechanisms for
CBD effects in psychiatric disorders and animal models and address its potential effects on stress
response via neuroinflammation and NLRP3 inflammasome modulation.
COPD and Diabetes Mellitus: Down the Rabbit Hole
Authors: Covantsev Serghei , Corlateanu Olga , Volkov Stanislav I. , Uzdenov Rasul , Botnaru Victor , Corlateanu Alexandru 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
One of the important comorbidities that has a longstanding research history in COPD is diabetes. Although there are multiple studies on COPD and diabetes, the exact links between these two conditions are still controversial. The exact prevalence of diabetes in COPD varies between 2 and 37 %. The true nature of this relationship is complex and may be partially related to the tradi-tional risk factors for diabetes such as smoking, cardiovascular disease and use of steroids. Howev-er, COPD is a disease that has multiple phenotypes and is no longer regarded as a homogeneous condition. It seems that some COPD patients who overlap with asthma or the obese phenotype are at a particular risk for T2DM. The aim of this review is to analyze the prevalence, risk factors and possible interactions between COPD and diabetes mellitus.
Investigation of Antiparasitic Effects of Eisenia fetida Extract (Annelida, Lumbricidae) against Toxoplasma gondii: In vitro Study
Authors: Sobati Hossein , Pirestani Majid , Ghaffari Ali Dalir 
Published: April 2022

Background:Toxoplasmosis, which is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, is a widespread parasitic disease that affects approximately one-third of the world's population. Due to the significant side effects of anti-Toxoplasma drugs, it is necessary to acquire new drugs with low toxicity, high activity, cheaper and more effective.Objective:Earthworm has long been used as a therapeutic source of medicine in China and other parts of the Far East. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate of antiparasitic effects of Eisenia fetida extract against T. gondii in the Vero cell line.Materials and Methods:The effects of the extract on the parasite, Vero cell, and the parasitized cells were estimated by MTT assay in vitro. Apoptosis was also measured by flow cytometer in three groups of extract-treated parasites, extract-treated Vero cells, and extract-treated parasitic Vero cells, respectively.Results:The inhibitory effect of E. fetida extract and sulfadiazine was more than 85% and 65% on the parasite, respectively. Intracellular multiplication of the parasite in Vero cells during the 3 hours test showed a significant decrease compared to the 1-hour test (p<0.05). Flow cytometric analysis showed that with increasing concentration of E. fetida, apoptosis increased significantly (p<0.05).Conclusion:The results showed that E. fetida extract in vitro could have a significant antiparasitic effect against T. gondii.
Clinicians’ Attitudes Toward Telepsychology in Addiction and Mental Health Services, and Prediction of Postpandemic Telepsychology Uptake: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Zentner Kristen , Gaine Graham , Ethridge Paige , Surood Shireen , Abba-Aji Adam 
Published: April 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in unprecedented uptake of telepsychology services; however, clinicians have mixed attitudes toward virtual technologies.

Objective
This study (1) explored clinicians’ experiences of and intentions to use video, telephone, and in-person services, and (2) tested the utility of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) to predict clinicians’ intentions to offer telepsychology after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Clinician satisfaction and therapeutic alliance were compared across in-person, video, and telephone services, while technology attitudes and intention to use after the pandemic were compared across video and telephone services among 118 addiction and mental health clinicians during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results
Clinicians reported more positive experiences with in-person services than both virtual technologies; further, clinicians reported greater positive experiences, attitudes, and intentions to use video services than telephone services across measures. Based on the UTAUT, performance expectancy positively predicted concurrent intentions to use video services (β=0.46; P<.001) and telephone services (β=0.35; P<.001) after the pandemic. Social influence (β=0.24; P=.004) and facilitating conditions (β=0.19; P=.03) additionally predicted the intention to use telephone services.

Conclusions
Clinicians rated in-person services more positively than virtual technologies, with video services perceived more positively than telephone services. Performance expectancy was the primary facilitator of the uptake of both virtual modalities.
Consequences of Prescribed Disclosure Timeliness: Evidence from Acceleration of the Form 8-K Filing Deadline
Authors: Watkins Jessica 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
I investigate capital market consequences of an increase in prescribed timeliness of firms' mandatory disclosure of material events. Specifically, I examine an SEC regulatory change that accelerates the Form 8-K filing deadline and classifies 8-Ks as likely to be constrained or unconstrained by the increase in prescribed timeliness. After the regulatory change, firms filing constrained 8-Ks exhibit increases in information asymmetry between investors and investor disagreement at the 8-K filing date relative to firms filing unconstrained 8-Ks. Moreover, the relative increases in information asymmetry and investor disagreement for firms filing constrained 8-Ks appear to be attributable to a decline in the length of and quantitative information included in 8-K disclosures. My findings shed light on the costs of a prescriptive approach to enhanced disclosure timeliness of ongoing disclosure.
Data Availability: Data are available from public sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: D82; D83; G18; M41.
Uncertainty or totalitarianism — a diﬃcult choice for himanity
Authors: Barkov S. A. 
Published: April 2022

Humanity has always perceived uncertainty as an extremely negative characteristic of the environment. With a certain degree of convention, the entire development of civilization can be viewed as a struggle against uncertainty. And by the 2020s, people had acquired a powerful weapon for this struggle — information and communication technologies. They have created unprecedented opportunities to monitor and predict the development of a huge number of objects (or/and subjects).However, as is always the case in the development of society, clear success is coupled with serious problems generated by it. Minimizing uncertainty turns into total control over people. A new type of totalitarianism is emerging. In many of its features, it is similar to its predecessor of the twentieth century, but it also has its own characteristics. Whereas the “old” totalitarianism was built around the protection and implementation of ideological values, the new totalitarianism is based on managerial imperatives and the desire to avoid uncertainty. If within the framework of the “old” totalitarianism the subject of control was only the state with its specially designed structures, in the new totalitarianism people are controlled not only by state bodies, but also by corporations.The most important feature of the new totalitarianism is that modern technology begins to consistently destroy the lacunae of human freedom in all spheres of social life, and above all in the economy. The planned economy of the twentieth century could not completely subordinate the people’s economic behavior to a single center. The lacunae of freedom were used by a lot of people, who managed to produce and trade independently from the state.Today, humanity faces a diﬃcult choice — either to continue to get rid of uncertainty, making society even more totalitarian, or to realize the positive aspects of uncertainty and begin to ﬁght against the new totalitarianism.
Lesson Learned: Shaping Collaboration Among Tourism Stakeholders During Mount Agung Eruption
Authors: Bhaskara Gde Indra 
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the situation during the eruption of Mount Agung and the roles played by tourism stakeholders during the crisis. The findings of the study provide a more in-depth understanding of the lessons acquired by tourism stakeholders in Bali when dealing with catastrophic events, particularly natural disasters. For the purpose of this study, this research included interviews with 19 informants from a variety of tourist stakeholders, as well as those in charge of coping with natural catastrophes. According to the findings of the research, there are several lessons that can be learned from the eruption of Mount Agung, which will help tourism stakeholders be better prepared in dealing with all of the crises that may arise in the future.
Keywords: natural disaster, tourism, volcanic, mount agung, stakeholder, crisis management
МЕДНО-НИКЕЛЕВОЕ РУДОПРОЯВЛЕНИЕ «СЕВЕРНОЕ» КАМЧАТСКОЙ НИКЕЛЕНОСНОЙ ПРОВИНЦИИ
Authors: Кунгурова В.Е. , Сидоров М.Д. , Трухин Ю.П. 
Published: April 2022

Приведены данные, полученные в результате геологического и минералого-геохимического изучения рудопроявления «Северное». Оно расположено на южном фланге Камчатского срединного массива и приурочено к одному из его плитообразных сателлитов. Прожилково-вкрапленное, вкрапленное и гнездово-вкрапленное сульфидное медно-никелевое оруденение сконцентрировано в слабо – или недифференцированных породах диоритового ряда, отличающихся различным содержанием темноцветных минералов, реже в горнблендитах. Сульфиды представлены пирротином, халькопиритом, пиритом, марказитом, виоларитом, пентландитом, частично окислены. Содержания (в %) никеля – до 3,06; меди – 0,23; кобальта – 0,08; сумма платиноидов – до 0,26 г/т.
The data obtained as a result of geological and mineralogical-geochemical study of the ore occurrence Severnoye are adduced. It is located on the southern flank of the Kamchatka middle massif and is confined to one of its plate-like satellites. Stringer-disseminated, disseminated and nest-disseminated copper-nickel sulfide mineralization is concentrated in poorly differentiated or undifferentiated rocks of the diorite range, characterized by different contents of mafic minerals, less often in hornblendite. Sulfides are represented by pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, marcasite, violarite, pentlandite, partially oxidized. Content (%) of nickel – up to 3,06; copper – 0,23; cobalt – 0,08; the amount of platinoids – up to 0,26 g/t.