bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scale and landscape heterogeneity influence the predictive performance of habitat suitability models
Authors: Peters Anne , Hemmingmoore Heather , Ladle Andrew , Aronsson Malin , Persson Jens , Andrén Henrik 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Resource selection functions (RSF) are used to predict habitat selection in a wide range of taxa for various conservation and management purposes. Although such predictions often cover large geographic areas, the limitations of extrapolating beyond the original study region are rarely addressed. Our first research objective was to demonstrate the implications of extrapolating RSF predictions across different habitats and at different spatial scales, with regard to varying landscape characteristics. For our second objective, we investigated the impact of individual variation in resource selection. We used a long-term dataset of GPS-collared lynx from two separate regions in Sweden. We built individual-level RSF models at two spatial scales for two different study regions to quantify individual and regional variation in habitat selection, and extrapolated the results from each region across the opposing study area. Individual lynx selected resources differently within and between study regions, and predictions were more accurate within home ranges than between home ranges. When extrapolating across variable landscapes, encountering resource values outside the fitted range of the models led to incorrect predictions. This case study highlights the importance of quantifying a variable’s value range in both the model and extrapolation area, taking into account variation in individual resource selection, and understanding the relationship with the order of selection to improve the reliability of habitat predictions. To increase the transferability of models, extrapolations should ideally be limited to areas with overlapping value ranges, to reduce the risk of misidentifying habitat suitability.
Pattern and determinants of contraceptive use among the Muslim women in Wajir and Lamu counties in Kenya: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Abdi Batula , Okal Jerry , Serour Gamal , Were Vincent , Temmerman Marleen , Gichangi Peter 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Improving access to family planning (FP) is associated with positive health benefits that includes averting nearly a third of all maternal deaths and 10% of childhood deaths. Kenya has made great strides in improving access to family planning services. However, amid this considerable progress, regional variation has been noted. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study that involved 663 Muslim women of reproductive age (15–49 years) from Wajir and Lamu counties in Kenya between March and October 2018. Eligible women were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire containing socio-demographic information and history of family planning use. Simple and multiple logistic regression were used to identify determinants of family planning use. The results were presented as Crude Odds Ratio crude (COR) and Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) ratios at 95% confidence interval. A p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Of the 663 Muslim women of reproductive age consenting to participate in the study, 51.5%, n = 342 and 48.5%, n = 321 were from Lamu and Wajir County, respectively. The prevalence of women currently using contraceptive was 18.6 percent (n = 123). In Lamu, the prevalence was 32.8%, while in Wajir, it was 3.4 percent. The determinants of current contraceptive use in Lamu include; marital status, age at marriage employment status, discussion with a partner on FP, acceptability of FP in Culture, and willingness to obtain information on FP. While in Wajir, determinants of current contraceptive use were education, Family planning allowed in Islam. Conclusions Our study found moderately high use of contraceptives among Muslim women of reproductive age in Lamu county and very low contraceptive use among women in Wajir. There is need for family planning programs to address issues of male involvement in reproductive health given the patriarchal nature of the two communities. It is critical for the government to invest in women and girls education to enhance their ability to make informed decisions; particularly in Wajir where FP uptake is low with low education attainment. Further, our findings highlight the need for culturally appropriate messages and involvement of religious leaders to demystify the myths and misconception around family planning and Islam.
The Effects on Learning and Visualization of a Polyhedral Self-Organizing Map Using a Tetrahedral Approach
Authors: De Sousa Rômulo Magalhães , de Oliveira Roberto C. Limão 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A spherical self-organizing map (SSOM) based on an icosahedral geodesic dome (ICOSOM) improves the ability to visualize interactions among clusters from the input space. The SSOM reveals more information about the clusters’ properties than the original two-dimensional SOM (2D SOM) data maps, where clusters can position themselves at the edges. However, to completely visualize the spherical map, an ICOSOM requires a cumbersome data map projection using a virtual environment or cartographic projection that complicates the analyses of labels in the data map. The SSOM based on a tetrahedral geodesic dome (4HSOM) is flexible for sizing a lattice and enables the use of a more straightforward projection to obtain a data map with a complete view of the entire surface of a spherical lattice and a better analysis of the labels, such as 2D SOM projection. Nonetheless, the 4HSOM irregular lattice can interfere with the learning process and impair the visualization of the input space topographic relations on the data map. This study proposes a polyhedral SOM (PSOM) based on a tessellated tetrahedron to preserve a three-dimensional continuous space as an SSOM. The experimental results verify the quantized approximation and topological preservation and demonstrate that the PSOM with a square lattice performs better than the 4HSOM, which provides additional information about nonlinear relationships among the input data vectors. This improvement stems from the symmetrical distance among the neurons and the neighborhood function’s better fit within the square lattice, as demonstrated by experiments. We also evaluate PSOM with a rectangular lattice, ICOSOM, and 2D SOM.
Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of mental health problems among adolescent students in eastern Ethiopia: A cross- sectional study
Authors: Hunduma Gari , Dessie Yadeta , Geda Biftu , Yadeta Tesfaye Assebe , Deyessa Negussie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Adolescence is a developmental stage that is marked by role uncertainty, a lot of stress, and emotional instability, all of which lead to harmful behavior and poor mental health. Adolescent mental health problems are a substantial burden on society and a serious public health concern, it has not been well assessed in low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of mental health problems among in-school adolescents in the Harari region, Eastern Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3227 in-school adolescents studying in private and public schools in the Harari region, eastern Ethiopia. Multistage sampling was used to select primary and secondary school students who participated in the study. Guided self-administered strength and difficulty questionnaire measured mental health problems. Data were double-entered, validated, and cleaned using EpiData 3.1 and analyzed using STATA 17. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio between socio-demographic data and mental health problems. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05. The magnitudes of mental health problems among in-school adolescents by subscale was 24.17% (95% CI: 22.72; 25.67) for internalizing and 11.93% (95% CI: 10.85; 13.09) for externalizing problems. A high level of internalizing problem score was more likely among rural residents (AOR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.23; 2.15), married adolescents (AOR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.10; 1.84), attending public schools (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.18; 1.78), and adolescents whose father’s occupation was a farmer (AOR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.01; 1.86). Likewise, the likelihood of high-level of externalizing problem score was high among rural (AOR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.72; 3.46); married adolescents (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.02; 2.02); adolescents who live with eight and above family members (AOR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.01; 1.65); and adolescents whose fathers’ are not educated (AOR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.08; 1.35). This study revealed that a significant proportion of in-school adolescents experienced either internalizing or externalizing mental problems. The findings highlight the urgent need for better detection, intervention, and prevention strategies for in-school adolescents, particularly focusing on boys, rural residents, public school students, and those whose fathers are farmers and uneducated to reduce mental health problems.
Neiella litorisoli sp. nov., an alginate lyase – producing bacterium from South China Sea
Authors: Sun Jing-ran , Mo Kun-lian , Li Xue , Hu Yong-hua , Liu Zhi-yuan , Huang Hui-qin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, designated HB171785T, was isolated from soil sample collected from Qishui Bay, Hainan, China. The strain grew optimally at pH 7–8, 40–45°C and with NaCl 3–4%. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was found to be Q-8 and the major fatty acids were C16:0, C16:1 ω7c / C16:1 ω6c, C18:1 ω7c / C18:1 ω6c and C12:0 3OH. The polar lipids contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The size of the draft genome was 4.32 Mbp with G + C content 49.7%. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain HB171785T belonged to the order Alteromonadales, and the closest phylogenetically related species were Neiella marina j221T, “Neiella holothuriorum” 126 and Echinimonas agarilytica LMG2520T with the similarities of 98.2, 96.0 and 95.0%, respectively. The phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA genes and phylogenomic tree based on core genomes showed that strain HB171785T clustered together with N. marina j221T, with the highest values of average nucleotide identity (82.9%) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (25.4%). The combined phylogenetic relatedness, phenotypic and genotypic features supported the conclusion that strain HB171785T represents a novel species of the genus Neiella, for which the name Neiella litorisoli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HB171785T (= MCCC 1K04625T = KCTC 82319T).
The association between schizophrenia and white blood cells count: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Gao Zibo , Li Biao , Guo Xinru , Bai Wei , Kou Changgui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background.
Positive associations between the risk of schizophrenia and white blood cells (WBC) counts, have been suggested by observational studies. However, the causality of this association is still unclear.
Methods.
We used a group of bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to estimate the causal relationship between schizophrenia and WBC count traits (i.e., WBC count, lymphocyte count, neutrophil count, basophil count, eosinophil count, and monocyte count). In total, 81, 95, 85, 87, 76, 83 schizophrenia-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used as genetic instruments from Psychiatric Genomics Consortium for six WBC count traits, respectively. And in reverse MR analysis, 458, 206, 408, 468, 473, 390 variants extracted from six WBC count traits were utilized as genetic instruments, which were obtained from a recent large-scale Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS).
Results.
Genetically predicted schizophrenia was positively associated with the risk of WBC count [odds ratio (OR) 1.017, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.008–1.026; P = 7.53×10− 4], basophil count (OR 1.014, 95%CI 1.005–1.022; P = 0.002), eosinophil count (OR 1.021, 95%CI 1.011–1.031; P = 2.77×10− 4), monocyte count(OR 1.018, 95%CI 1.009–1.027; P = 4.60×10− 4), lymphocyte count(OR 1.021, 95%CI 1.012–1.030; P = 4.51×10− 5), and neutrophil count (OR 1.013, 95%CI 1.005–1.022; P = 0.004). WBC count traits are not associated with the risk of schizophrenia in our reverse MR results.
Conclusion.
Schizophrenia is associated with increased risk of WBC count (i.e., high WBC count, lymphocyte count, neutrophil count, basophil count, eosinophil count, and monocyte count).
Lipid from electronic cigarette smoke both with and without nicotine induced pro- inflammatory macrophage polarization and disrupted phagocytosis
Authors: Rahman Mizanur , Sompa Shanzina Iasmin , Introna Micol , Upadhyay Swapna , Ganguly Koustav , Palmberg Lena 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Clinical cases and experimental evidence show that electronic cigarette (ECIG) induce serious adverse health effects but underlying mechanisms much remain to be uncovered. Based on recent exploratory evidence, investigating the effects of ECIG on macrophages can broadly define potential mechanisms by focusing on the effect of ECIG exposure with or without nicotine. Here we investigated the effect of ECIG-smoke exposure on macrophages (MQ) phenotype, inflammatory response, and function of macrophages. MQ were cultured at air liquid interface and exposed to ECIG smoke. Oxidative stress was determined by reactive oxygen species (ROS), heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and heme oxygenase1 (HMOX1). Lipid accumulation was ensured by lipid staining and lipid peroxidation was measured by level of malondialdehyde (MDA). MQ polarization was identified by surface expression markers CD86, CD11C and CD206 as well as pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in gene and protein level. Phagocytosis ofE. coliby MQ were investigated by fluorescence-based phagocytosis assay. ECIG smoke exposure in presence or absence of nicotine induced oxidative stress as ROS, HSP60, GPx, GPx4 and HMOX1 was upregulated in MQ. ECIG exposure induced accumulation lipids and the lipid peroxidation product MDA in MQ. Pro-inflammatory MQ (M1) markers CD86 and CD11C but not anti-inflammatory MQ (M2) marker CD206 were upregulated in response to ECIG exposure. In addition, ECIG induced pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1beta and IL-8 in gene level and IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1beta in protein level whereas ECIG exposure downregulated anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in protein level. Phagocytosis activity of MQ was downregulated by ECIG exposure. shRNA mediated lipid scavenger receptor CD36 silencing inhibited ECIG-induced pro-inflammatory MQ polarization and recovered phagocytic activity of MQ. ECIG exposure alter lung lipid homeostasis and thus induced inflammation by inducing M1 type MQ and impair phagocytic function, which could be a potential cause of ECIG-induced lung inflammation in healthy and inflammatory exacerbation in disease condition.
Dynamic analysis of rockfall impact on a protective structure via FEM-DEM coupling
Authors: Su Dong , Zhang Runqi , Xiong Hao , Zhao Debo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Rockfall is one of the most catastrophic hazards among natural calamities. The issue involving rockfall protection responses of discrete-continuum interactions still remains unclear. This study innovatively couples the finite element method with the discrete element method (FEM-DEM) to realize rock block impact motion simulations and the corresponding impact loading transmitted from the gravel cushion to the concrete body. The FEM-DEM coupling algorithm is elucidated. The coupling approach is verified by a block free-fall experiment. The velocity and size effects on block impact behavior and gravel motion are investigated. Insights into interactions within the gravel cushion and the resulting concrete structure deformation are provided. Structural responses correlated with the block size and velocity effect are analyzed. The numerical results indicate that the block size and the impact velocity affect the variations in the rotational velocity and rotation-translation energy ratio of the block, respectively. Bulk material strengthening is observed at the bottom of the cushion layer. The coupling results reflect that the stress concentrations are mainly focused on the upper side of the retaining wall and the inner side of the pile root, and the structure's deformation meets the need.
Evaluation of symptomatic small bowel stricture in Crohn’s disease by double-balloon endoscopy
Authors: Hu Jing , Wu Juan , Zhang Peipei , Hu Naizhong , Mei Qiao , Wu Xingwang , Han Wei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Purpose
To assess the efficacy of double-balloon endoscopy (DBE) for the detection of small-bowel stricture in Crohn’s disease (CD).
Methods
This Tertiary-referral hospital cohort study was conducted between January 2018 and May 2022. CD patients with symptoms of small-bowel stricture were enrolled sequentially. All of the patients were subjected to both computed tomography enterography (CTE) and DBE, and their symptoms of stricture were assessed using the Crohn’s Disease Obstructive Score (CDOS). DBE diagnostic yield was compared to CTE, and the relationship between DBE findings and CDOS was investigated. The factors influencing DBE diagnosis were examined using Cox regression analysis.
Results
This study included 165 CD patients. CDOS scores were higher in 95 patients, while lower in 70. DBE detected 92.7% (153/165) and CTE detected 85.5% (141/165) of the strictures, respectively. DBE diagnostic yields were 94.7% (90/95) in high CDOS patients and 91.4% (64/70) in low CDOS patients (P = 0.13). Patients with a history of abdominal surgery and abscess had a lower diagnosis rate in the multivariate analysis.
Conclusion
DBE has been demonstrated to be an efficient diagnostic method for detecting small-bowel strictures in CD patients. Additionally, there is no difference in diagnostic yields between patients with low and high obstructive scores.
Reducing Emissions using Renewable Sources for Electricity Generation in Stewart Island
Authors: Nasab Navid Majdi , Kilby Jeff , Bakhtiaryfard Leila 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper evaluates supply to coastal communities that are isolated from a main supply grid compared to current used diesel station. The case study is Stewart Island, where the electricity is provided by a distribution network powered by up to five diesel generators at a central diesel power station. Local residents believe that reducing the consumption of diesel and having a renewable source of electricity generation are two of the island’s highest priorities. Merging a tidal energy source (predictable) with wind (unpredictable) and diesel (back-up), through a microgrid, may be a way to increase reliability and decrease the amount of pollutants. Using two wind and four tidal turbines, plus one diesel generator for back-up, is the best design in terms of lower greenhouse gas emissions, higher renewable fraction, and reduced net present cost. This configuration is simulated and compared with diesel generators system using HOMER PROro software. The results enable to analyse the amount of emissions for both scenarios.
Novel hybrid Structured (Cu-BaTiO3 -BP-Graphene) SPR Biosensor for Enhanced Performance
Authors: Pandaram Maheswari , Veeran Ravi , Balasundaram Rajesh Karuppaiya , Jaroszewicz Zbigniew , Jha Rajan , Ebrahim Habibur Rahman Shiek Abdul Kadhar Mohamed 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) based biosensor utilizing copper and BaTiO3 with addition layer coating of graphene and Black Phosphorous(BP) structures in kretschmann configuration for the detection of biomolecules event is analysed and optimized numerically using transfer matrix method. The strategy consist of placing the sensing medium on the top of BP-graphene which enhance the sensitivity and reduced the FWHM. The proposed sensor exhibits a maximum sensitivity around 372deg/RIU, FWHM of reflectance spectrum as low as 3.05deg, high detection accuracy(0.327/deg) and quality factor(121.96/RIU). such an enhanced performance would make the design to have more application in the field of biosensor.
Antibiotic-impregnated bone cement coverage versus vacuum sealing drainage for tibial fracture with infected bone and soft tissue defect: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Zhang Yanlong , Tian Shuwei , Liu Meiyu , Zhai Wenfang , Zhou Yujie , Peng Aqin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective:To compare antibiotic-impregnated bone cement coverage (bone cement surface technique; BCS-T) versus vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) for tibial fracture with infected bone and soft tissue defect.
Method: This retrospective analysis compared the clinical outcomes in patients undergoing BCS-T group (n=16) versus VSD group (n=15) for tibial fracture with infected bone and soft tissue defect at the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from March 2014 to August 2019. For BCS-T, osseous cavity was filled with autograft bone graft after debridement, and then the wound was covered with a 3-mm layer of bone cement impregnated with vancomycin and gentamycin. The dressing was changed every day in the first week, and every 2~3 days in the second week. For VSD, a negative pressure of -150 ~ -350 mmHg was maintained, and the dressing was changed every 5-7 days. All patients received antibiotics treatment based on bacterial culture results for 2 weeks.
Results: The 2 groups did not differ in age, sex and key baseline characteristics, including type of Gustilo-Anderson classification, size of the bone and soft tissue defect, the percentage of primary debridement, bone transport, and the time from injury to bone grafting.The median follow-up was 18.9 months (range:12-40). The time to complete coverage of bone graft by granulation tissue was 21.2 (15.0-44.0) and 20.3 (15.0-24.0) days in the BCS-T and VSD groups, respectively (p=0.412). The 2 groups also did not differ in wound healing time (3.3 (1.5-5.5) versus 3.2(1.5-6.5) months; p=0.229) and bone defect healing time (5.4(3.0-9.6) versus 5.9(3.2-11.5) months; p=0.402). However, the cost of covering material was significantly reduced in the BCS-T group (2071±134 versus 5542±905 yuan; p=0.026). Paleyfunctional classification at 12 months did not differ between the 2 groups (excellent in 87.5% versus 93.3%in the 2 groups; p=0.306).
Conclusion: BCS-T could achieve clinical outcomes similar to VSD in patients receiving bone graft for tibial fracture with infected bone and soft tissue defect, but material cost was significantly reduced. Randomized controlled trials are needed to verify our finding.
Spectrum-sliced wavelength division multiplexing based free space optical communication employing differential quadrature phase-shift keying
Authors: Yarra Naga Subrahmanya Vamsi Mohan , A Sivanantha Raja 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A spectrum-sliced (SS) Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) based Free-space optical (FSO) communication system at a data rate of 2.5 Gbps per channel is proposed in this research article. Utilizing the broadening of the spectrum by means of supercontinuum generation in a highly non linear Fiber (HNLF), an SS-WDM based FSO system is designed. The narrow spectrum of laser light source is broadened by means of self phase modulation (SPM). The proposed work reveals that the DQPSK based SS-WDM FSO system has higher performance compared to intensity modulation formats as well as differential phase modulation formats. Considering various values of FSO link distances, antenna diameters of transmitter and receiver, beam divergence and thus, determining the values of performance metrics such as Q-factor and BER, differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPSK) based SS-WDM FSO system is simulated.