bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efektifitas Media Audiovisual Dalam Meningkatkan Kepatuhan Pelaksanaan Protokol Kesehatan Pencegahan Covid-19 Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Mustamu Alva 
Published: March 2022

<p><strong><em>Pendahuluan:</em></strong><em> COVID-19 yang menginfeksi anak-anak hanya menunjukkan gejala infeksi virus musiman seperti flu, batuk, dan demam sehingga sering diabaikan oleh orangtua. Sejak dini anak-anak harus mulai diperkenalkan pada rasa tanggungjawab dan rasa peduli terhadap lingkungan dan diri sendiri terlebih dalam masa darurat pandemi di mana anak-anak adalah kelompok usia yang rentan tertular. Ketepatan memilih metode Pendidikan Kesehatan akan meningkatkan pemahaman konsep yang di berikan dan kreativitas peserta.</em></p><p><strong><em>Tujuan</em></strong><em>: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas media audiovisual terhadap kepatuhan pelaksanaan protocol Kesehatan pencegahan covid-19 pada siswa sekolah dasar</em></p><p><strong><em>Metode Penelitian: </em></strong><em>Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan pendekatan one group only pretest-posttest design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah berjumlah 30 orang. Teknik sampling dalam penelitian ini adalah total sampling. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah </em><em>Wilcoxon test.</em></p><p><strong><em>Hasil</em></strong><em>: </em><em>Hasil uji statistic menunjukan p-value menunjukan &lt;0.001 setelah diberikan intervensi audiovisual pendidikan Kesehatan pelaksanaan protocol Kesehatan </em><em>pencegahan covid-19</em></p><p><strong><em>Kesimpulan</em></strong><em>: terdapat pengaruh media audiovisual terhadap kepatuhan pelaksanaan protocol Kesehatan pencegahan covid-19 pada anak sekolah dasar. Sebaiknya guru di sekolah dasar dapat menambah materi tentang pencegahan covid-19 saat pelaksanaan proses belajar mengajar dengan metode yang menarik seperti audiovisual.</em></p>
SISTEM PENGAMANAN DATA GAMBAR MENGGUNAKAN RC4 DAN EOF PADA MEDIA VIDEO MP4 BERBASIS JAVA DESKTOP PADA KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN
Authors: Fikriyan Abid , Mulyati Sri 
Published: March 2022

Masalah keamanan dan kerahasiaan data merupakan hal yang sangat penting baik dalam suatu organisasi komersial, perguruan tinggi, lembaga pemerintahan, maupun individu. Keamanan data gambar pada Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan akan sangat berharga bila di dalamnya terdapat sebuah data dan tidak boleh diketahui oleh orang lain. Sebab itu dibutuhkan aplikasi yang dapat menjaga kerahasiaan terhadap data tersebut. Oleh karena itu dibangun sebuah aplikasi yang memiliki tingkat keamanan yang cukup tinggi untuk menjamin keamanan dan kerahasiaan data – data penting pada Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Hal ini dilakukan untuk menjaga agar data tersebut jangan sampai di baca apalagi dibajak atau diubah oleh pihak yang tidak berwenang. Sehingga untuk mencegah terjadinya hal – hal yang tidak di inginkan tersebut salah satu cara adalah dengan memanfaatkan kriptografi dan steganografi, yaitu salah satu teknik mengenkripsi data sehingga orang luar tidak dapat melihat data asli dari file gambar yang sudah di enkripsi dapat dilakukan dengan cara mengembalikannya ke bentuk semula yaitu dengan cara di dekripsi, sehingga data asli dapat di lihat seperti semula. Pada tugas akhir ini, kriptografi yang di gunakan adalah algoritma Rivest Code 4 (RC4) dan steganografi dengan menggunakan metode End Of File (EOF). Tujuan di buatnya sistem keamanan file gambar atau data dalam gambar tersebut agar arsip tidak dicuri, mengalami kerusakan dan penyalahgunaan data. Aplikasi ini dibangun dengan menggunakan bahasa pemograman java berbasis desktop. Dengan sistem keamanan file gambar ini di harapkan dapat melindungi data penting pada Kementrian pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Perkembangan Tasyri’ Ekonomi Pada Masa Khulafa ‘Urrasyidin
Authors: Muchtar Evan Hamzah 
Published: March 2022

For every Muslim all what we do in life must be in accordance with the will of God, as the realization of faith in Him. All righteousness of human deeds are basically contained in the Qur'an and Sunnah. The Qur'an contains provisions Personality 'which requires an understanding of business and search. Efforts to find the provisions of Personality 'to exert maximum power of reason is called ijtihad.
Khilafat 'Urrasyidin are scholars or sages who take the place of the Prophet as the Caliph. In his tenure, Khulafa 'Urrasyidin do ijtihad to solve the problems that exist in society. This paper will be presented on the development of tasyri 'to generate the provisions of Personality' during the Khilafat 'Urrrasyidin, the government of Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Umar bin Khattab, Uthman ibn Affan and Ali bin Abi Talib.
SAMARA FM TULUNGAGUNG RADIO MARKETING COMMUNICATION STRATEGY IN ATTRACTING ADVERTISERS
Authors: Yunita Indinabila  , Maegi Muhammad Rizqi  , Mukhamad Ainul Yaqin  
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Radio is a mass media that has existed for a long time and survived until now. Although many other information and entertainment media appear along with the times, radio still has its fans. To find out the marketing communication strategy implemented by Radio Samara FM Tulungagung in increasing the interest of advertisers. To find out the obstacles faced by Radio Samara FM Tulungagung in implementing marketing communication strategies to increase the interest of installers. To find out the solution from the head of Radio Samara FM Tulungagung in implementing a marketing communication strategy. This research uses a qualitative research approach. Based on the level of explanation, this research is called descriptive research. The data in this study consists of two types, namely primary data and secondary data. In this study, the primary data source was an employee of Samara FM Tulungagung Radio.
Sustainability reporting by companies: reasons and financial benefits
Authors: Momchilov Georgi 
Published: March 2022

Sustainable development is one of the most promising concepts for the future of the society. Companies are an important participant in numerous social processes, and their sustainability is integral to the sustainability of the society. During the last three decades the number of companies preparing sustainability reports has increased. A lot of stakeholders and regulators pay already attention to this type of reporting. At the same time, there is а growing scientific interest in this field. Even though in recent years the number of regulatory acts that mandate certain companies to disclose environmental and social information has increased, the sustainability reporting is still mostly voluntary. This article attempts at summarizing and analyzing the causes that motivate companies to prepare a sustainability report, by reviewing existing literature and completed studies. A total of 14 main reasons have been found. Some of them are external, others are internal to the companies. The reasons may be economic, mainly related to the willingness of companies to improve the competitiveness of the company, but also non-economic, related to the value system of a top member of management or an owner, and the willingness to do good. All the reasons have been subsequently analyzed through the lens of the companies’ competitiveness.
The theoretical aspects of mathematical modeling in the banking on the ex ample of compound interest
Authors: Jatczak Anna Małgorzata 
Published: March 2022

The compound interest is used in banking. It is one of the ways of establishing the interests (the compound interest), so the fee for the right to have the money at the disposal. It is associated with the multiple calculating of the same percentage from the capital whereby every time the interests are capitalized; they increase the base from which the next percentage is calculated.
In this paper are discussed the matters concerning the annual, subperiod and continue capitalization and also associated with them the term of percentage: annual, subperiod, nominal, effective, continuing, and average.
The reader will find here the mathematical models enabling to calculate:
- the final capital for the initial capital at the given percentage for the fixed time,
- the percentage on the basis of the initial and final capital after the established time,
- the time of percentage on the basis of initial and final capital after the certain time.
The passage of this article concerns the matter of equivalence of the percentage within the time. With the usage of the mathematical models the conditions of equivalence of the percentage were described: the nominal ones (especially subperiod and annual), subperiod and continuing, subperiod and effective, effective and continuing, subperiod and simple percentage.
The relationship between the terms is expressed in the form of the mathematical formulas. The presentations of the chosen models on the diagrams or in the tables will ease the reader to understand these terms.
The content included in this paper will put the reader flesh on the basics of the theoretical banking calculations in the condition of the compound percentage and it will also show how important in the banking mathematic is.
Social insurance schemes: foreign experience in the realities of Ukraine
Authors: Pidlypna Radmila , Makara Oksana , Shevchuk Boris 
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the justification of the role and importance of compulsory social insurance in developed countries. Special attention is paid to the importance of active orientation to public policy in social sphere. Foreign practices in the implementation of social protection of population and regulation of social development are analyzed. The priority directions for reforming the public social policy in Ukraine in the context of adaptation to the standards of highly developed countries are determined. Key institutional features of national social insurance systems are studied. Conceptual components of forming civilized social security institute, based on the advanced achievements. Substantiated mechanism for financing social protection and social security. Features of financing social services at the local level generally accepted for all developed foreign countries is a division of local budgets into two distinct functional types of local budgets. This local current (administrative) budget and local budgets Development (Investment Funds). Each of these types has its own budget expenditures and revenues. Experience in the development of public relations reveals that social security is an objective and necessary phenomenon. The objectivity of social insurance due to the risky nature of the market economy and the need to establish financial guarantees to ensure that persons who for certain reasons are unable to participate in the process of material production and to get paid for their work. The analysis of foreign experience and its comparison with state realities is allowed the author to make a number of proposals to improve the state practice of social insurance.
The Role of Neutral Hydrogen in Setting the Abundances of Molecular Species in the Milky Way’s Diffuse Interstellar Medium. I. Observational Constraints from ALMA and NOEMA
Authors: Rybarczyk Daniel R. , Stanimirović Snežana , Gong Munan , Babler Brian , Murray Claire E. , Gerin Maryvonne , Winters Jan Martin , Luo Gan , Dame T. M. , Steffes Lucille 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We have complemented existing observations of H i absorption with new observations of HCO+, C2H, HCN, and HNC absorption from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and the Northern Extended Millimeter Array in the directions of 20 background radio continuum sources with 4° ≤ ∣b∣ ≤ 81° to constrain the atomic gas conditions that are suitable for the formation of diffuse molecular gas. We find that these molecular species form along sightlines where A

V
≳ 0.25, consistent with the threshold for the H i-to-H2 transition at solar metallicity. Moreover, we find that molecular gas is associated only with structures that have an H i optical depth >0.1, a spin temperature <80 K, and a turbulent Mach number ≳ 2. We also identify a broad, faint component to the HCO+ absorption in a majority of sightlines. Compared to the velocities where strong, narrow HCO+ absorption is observed, the H i at these velocities has a lower cold neutral medium fraction and negligible CO emission. The relative column densities and linewidths of the different molecular species observed here are similar to those observed in previous experiments over a range of Galactic latitudes, suggesting that gas in the solar neighborhood and gas in the Galactic plane are chemically similar. For a select sample of previously observed sightlines, we show that the absorption line profiles of HCO+, HCN, HNC, and C2H are stable over periods of ∼3 yr and ∼25 yr, likely indicating that molecular gas structures in these directions are at least ≳100 au in size.
Using the Optical–NIR Spectral Energy Distributions to Search for the Evidence of Dust Formation of 66 Supernovae
Authors: Li 李 Jing-Yao 京谣 , Wang 王 Shan-Qin 善钦 , Gan 甘 Wen-Pei 文沛 , Wang 王 Tao 涛 , Lian 连 Ji-Shun 纪顺 , Bai 白 Song-Yao 松瑶 , Liang 梁 En-Wei 恩维 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we searched for the dust formation evidence of 66 supernovae (SNe) by using the blackbody model and the blackbody plus dust emission model to fit their early-time optical–near-infrared (NIR) spectral energy distributions (SEDs). We find that, while the blackbody model can fit most SEDs of the SNe in our sample, the model cannot fit the SEDs of some SNe in which the SEDs of two SNe (SNe 2010bq and 2012ca) show NIR excesses which can be attributed to the emission from the heated dust. We use the blackbody plus dust emission model to fit the SEDs showing NIR excesses, finding that both the graphite and silicate dust models can fit the SEDs, and the graphite model gets reasonable temperatures or better fits. Assuming that the dust is graphite, the best-fitting temperatures (masses) of the dust of SNe 2010bq and 2012ca are ∼1300–1800 K (∼0.1–3.4 ×10−4
M
⊙) and ∼600–1000 K (∼0.6–7.5 × 10−3
M
⊙), respectively. We compare the vaporization radii and the blackbody radii of the dust shells of the two SNe with the upper limits of the ejecta radii of the SNe at the first epochs, and demonstrate that the NIR excesses of the SEDs of the two SNe might be caused by the pre-existing dust.
Using Multiple Emission Line Ratios to Constrain the Slope of the Dust Attenuation Law
Authors: Prescott Moire K. M. , Finlator Kristian M. , Cleri Nikko J. , Trump Jonathan R. , Papovich Casey 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We explore the possibility and practical limitations of using a three-line approach to measure both the slope and normalization of the dust attenuation law in individual galaxies. To do this, we focus on a sample of 11 galaxies with existing ground-based Balmer Hα and Hβ measurements from slit spectra, plus space-based grism constraints on Paschen-β. When accounting for observational uncertainties, we show that one galaxy has a well-constrained dust-law slope and normalization in the range expected from theoretical arguments; this galaxy therefore provides an example of what may be possible in the future. However, most of the galaxies are best fit by unusually steep or shallow slopes. We then explore whether additional astrophysical effects or observational biases could explain the elevated Paschen-β/Hα ratios driving these results. We find that galaxies with high Paschen-β/Hα ratios may be explained by slightly sub-unity covering fractions (>97%). Alternatively, differing slit losses for different lines can have a large impact on the results, emphasizing the importance of measuring all three lines with a consistent spectroscopic aperture. We conclude that, while the three-line approach to constraining the shape of the dust attenuation law in individual galaxies is promising, deep observations and a consistent observational strategy will be required to minimize observational biases and to disentangle the astrophysically interesting effect of differing covering fractions. The James Webb Space Telescope will provide more sensitive measurements of Balmer and Paschen lines for galaxies at z ≈ 0.3–2, enabling uniform constraints on the optical–infrared dust attenuation law and its intrinsic variation.
Hydroaluminum Isocyanide Isomers: Prediction of Spectroscopic Properties
Authors: Redondo Pilar , Sanz-Novo Miguel , Barrientos Carmen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Metal cyanides and isocyanides play a relevant role in the metal chemistry of the carbon-rich circumstellar envelope IRC+10216. It is thought that hydrometal cyanides/isocyanides could also be present in these environments; in fact, HMgNC has been detected in the same source that MgCN, MgNC, and AlNC. The aim of this work is to provide information about hydroaluminum cyanide/isocyanide. For this goal, a comprehensive analysis of the doublet and quartet potential energy surfaces of the [Al, C, H, N] system has been carried out. Different quantum chemistry methodologies from density functional theory to ab initio have been employed. For the [Al, C, H, N] isomers, the stability against dissociation and their interconversion processes have been analyzed. Our results show that the most relevant isomers from an experimental point of view are HAlCN and HAlNC. HAlNC has been found to be the most stable isomer followed by HAlCN, which is located at 1.59 kcal mol−1 (0.0689 eV) at the composite level. The interconversion process between HAlCN and HAlNC presents an energy barrier of 10.0 kcal mol−1 (5032 K) that makes this process not viable in the interstellar medium. We provide a complete set of relevant spectroscopic parameters for rotational spectroscopy for both HAlCN and HAlNC isomers using state-of-the-art quantum chemical computations, mandatory to guide an eventual laboratory or interstellar detection. Moreover, both isomers present sizable μ

a
dipole moment components (3.7 and 3.3 D, respectively), which are large enough to enable a characterization by means of rotational spectroscopy, further increasing their interest as interstellar candidates.
A Detection of Red Noise in PSR J1824–2452A and Projections for PSR B1937+21 Using NICER X-Ray Timing Data
Authors: Hazboun Jeffrey S. , Crump Jack , Lommen Andrea N. , Montano Sergio , Berry Samantha J. H. , Zeldes Jesse , Teng Elizabeth , Ray Paul S. , Kerr Matthew , Arzoumanian Zaven , Bogdanov Slavko , Deneva Julia , Lewandowska Natalia , Markwardt Craig B. , Ransom Scott , Enoto Teruaki , Wood Kent S. , Gendreau Keith C. , Howe David A. , Parthasarathy Aditya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We have used X-ray data from the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) to search for long-timescale temporal correlations (“red noise”) in the pulse times of arrival (TOAs) from the millisecond pulsars PSR J1824−2452A and PSR B1937+21. These data more closely track intrinsic noise because X-rays are unaffected by the radio-frequency-dependent propagation effects of the interstellar medium. Our search yields strong evidence (natural log Bayes factor of 9.634 ± 0.016) for red noise in PSR J1824−2452A, but the search is inconclusive for PSR B1937+21. In the interest of future X-ray missions, we devise and implement a method to simulate longer and higher-precision X-ray data sets to determine the timing baseline necessary to detect red noise. We find that the red noise in PSR B1937+21 can be reliably detected in a 5 yr mission with a TOA error of 2 μs and an observing cadence of 20 observations per month compared to the 5 μs TOA error and 11 observations per month that NICER currently achieves in PSR B1937+21. We investigate detecting red noise in PSR B1937+21 with other combinations of observing cadences and TOA errors. We also find that time-correlated red noise commensurate with an injected stochastic gravitational-wave background having an amplitude of A
GWB = 2 × 10−15 and spectral index of timing residuals of γ
GWB = 13/3 can be detected in a pulsar with similar TOA precision to PSR B1937+21. This is with no additional red noise in a 10 yr mission that observes the pulsar 15 times per month and has an average TOA error of 1 μs.
Measuring the Virial Factor in SDSS DR5 Quasars with Redshifted Hβ and Fe ii Broad Emission Lines
Authors: Liu H. T. , Feng Hai-Cheng , Li Sha-Sha , Bai J. M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Under the hypothesis of gravitational redshift induced by a central supermassive black hole, and based on line widths and shifts of redward-shifted Hβ and Fe ii broad emission lines for a sample of 1973 z < 0.8 Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR5 quasars, we measured the virial factor in determining supermassive black hole masses, usually estimated by the reverberation mapping method or the relevant secondary methods. The virial factor had been believed to be from the geometric effect of the broad-line region. The measured virial factor of Fe ii is larger than that of Hβ for 98% of these quasars. The virial factor is very different from object to object and for different emission lines. For most of these quasars, the virial factor of Hβ is larger than these averages that were usually used in determining the masses of black holes. There are three positive correlations among the measured virial factor of Hβ, dimensionless accretion rate, and Fe ii/Hβ line ratio. A positive three-dimensional correlation is found among these three quantities, and this correlation indicates that the virial factor is likely dominated by the dimensionless accretion rate and metallicity. A negative correlation is found between the redward shift of Hβ and the scaled size of the broad-line region radius in units of the gravitational radius of the black hole. This negative correlation will be expected naturally if the redward shift of Hβ is mainly from the gravity of the black hole. Radiation pressure from the accretion disk may be a significant contributor to the virial factor.
Dippers from TESS Full-frame Images. II. Spectroscopic Characterization of Four Young Dippers
Authors: Kasagi Yui , Kotani Takayuki , Kawahara Hajime , Tajiri Tomoyuki , Muto Takayuki , Aizawa Masataka , Fujii Michiko S. , Hattori Kohei , Masuda Kento , Momose Munetake , Ohsawa Ryou , Takita Satoshi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Photometric monitoring by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) has discovered not only periodic signals by transiting exoplanets but also episodic or quasiperiodic dimming around young stellar objects. The dimming mechanisms of these objects, the so-called “dippers,” are thought to be related to either the accretion property or the structure of protoplanetary disks especially in regions close to the host star. Recently, we have created a catalog of dippers from one year of TESS full-frame image data. In this paper, we report on the spectral features of four newly found dippers in that catalog and show that they potentially shed light on the dimming mechanisms. We found that all of the targets exhibit the Hα emission line, which is an indicator of ongoing accretion. Based on their line profiles and/or their variability, we characterized the properties of the disks of each source, which can support dimming mechanisms via a dusty disk wind or an accretion-driven inner-disk warp. Also, we found an interesting dipper (TIC 317873721), a “close-in binary dipper,” showing a complex variability of the line profile and a large radial velocity variation. Because the dimming intervals are similar to the orbital period of the binary, we suggest that the dips are caused by dust in the accretion warp from a circumbinary disk onto stars. Such a close-in (<0.1 au) binary dipper has been rarely reported thus far; further investigation will reveal new aspects of disk evolution and planetary formation.