bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Victimization by Caregivers: Prevalence and Risk Factors in Chilean Childrens and Adolescents
Authors: Portilla-Saavedra Diego , Pinto-Cortez Cristián , Guerra Cristóbal , Cárdenas Fabiola Peña 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study examined the prevalence and risk factors associated to victimization by caregivers in a national large sample of Chilean children and adolescents. 19,687 children and adolescents aged 12–17, obtained by random probability sampling of 699 publics schools of Chile were surveyed by trained interviewers. Victimization by Caregivers was evaluated through the one module of Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ). The prevalence (12 months) for physical abuse were (12.9%), for emotional abuse (27.9%), neglect (5.3%) and parental interference (3.5%). The results suggest as risk factors, sex, age, migration status, disability, geographical location and type of school. The findings highlight the urgent need to address the issue of child maltreatment and victimization by caregiver´s in the Chilean society and minimize its impact
Strain specific properties of Escherichia coli can prevent non-canonical amino acid misincorporation caused by scale-related process heterogeneities
Authors: Mayer Florian , Cserjan-Puschmann Monika , Haslinger Benedikt , Shpylovyi Anton , Dalik Thomas , Sam Christian , Hahn Rainer , Striedner Gerald 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Escherichia coli is one of the most important hosts for production of recombinant proteins in biopharmaceutical industry. However, when selecting a suitable production strain, it is often not considered that a lot of different sub-species exist, which can differ in their genotypes and phenotypes. Another important development step is the scale-up of bioprocesses with the particular challenge that heterogeneities and gradients occur at production scale. These in turn can affect the production organism and can have negative impact on the process and the product quality. Therefore, researchers developed scale-down reactors, which are used to mimic manufacturing conditions in laboratory scale. The main objectives of this study were to determine the extent to which scale-related process inhomogeneities affect the misincorporation of non-canonical amino acids into the recombinant target protein, which is an important quality attribute, and whether strain specific properties may have an impact.Results: We investigated two industrially relevant E. coli strains, BL21(DE3) and HMS174(DE3), which produced an antigen binding fragment (Fab). The cells were cultivated in high cell density fed batch mode at laboratory scale and under scale-down conditions. We demonstrated that the two host strains differ significantly with respect to norleucine misincorporation into the target protein, especially under heterogeneous cultivation conditions in the scale-down reactor. No norleucine misincorporation was observed in E. coli BL21(DE3) for either cultivation condition. In contrast, norleucine incorporation into HMS174(DE3) was already detectable in the reference process and increased dramatically in scale-down experiments. Norleucine incorporation was not random and certain positions were preferred over others, even though only a single codon exists. Differences in biomass and Fab production between the strains during scale-down cultivations could be observed as well. Conclusions: All in all, this study has shown that E. coli BL21(DE3) is much more robust to scale-up effects in terms of norleucine misincorporation than the K12 strain tested. In this respect, BL21(DE3) enables better transferability of results at different scales, simplifies process implementation at production scale, and helps to meet regulatory quality guidelines defined for biopharmaceutical manufacturing.
Hyperlocal super-learned PM2.5 components across the contiguous US
Authors: Amini Heresh , Danesh-Yazdi Mahdieh , Di Qian , Requia Weeberb , Wei Yaguang , Abu-Awad Yara , Shi Liuhua , Franklin Meredith , Kang Choong-Min , Wolfson Jack , James Peter , Habre Rima , Zhu Qiao , Apte Joshua , Andersen Zorana , kloog Itai , Dominici Francesca , Koutrakis Petros , Schwartz Joel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) increases mortality and morbidity.1,2 PM2.5 is composed of a mixture of chemical components that vary across space and time.3 Due to limited hyperlocal data availability, less is known about health risks of PM2.5 components, their US-wide exposure disparities, or which species are driving the biggest intra-urban changes in PM2.5 mass. Here, we developed the first national super-learned models across the US for hyperlocal estimation of annual mean elemental carbon (EC), ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-), organic carbon (OC), and sulfate (SO42-) concentrations across 3,535 urban areas at a 50-m spatial resolution, and at a 1-km resolution for non-urban areas from 2000 to 2019. Using ensembles of machine learning models and ~82 billion predictions across 20 years, hyperlocal super-learned PM2.5 components are now available for further research. We found remarkable spatiotemporal intra-urban and inter-urban variabilities in PM2.5 components. We anticipate our work to be a critical milestone for conducting new studies on individual and combined health risks of PM2.5 components, environmental justice analysis, or understanding fine-scale spatiotemporal variabilities of PM2.5 composition. Urban planners and regulators may also use these predictions for selecting locations of new daycares, schools, nursing homes, or air-quality monitors.
Role of hematological and platelet parameters in diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Amiri Amir , Saed Lotfollah , Erfan Mohamaad Bagher Khadem , Mansouri Nasrin , Azizi Ali , Shaveisi-Zadeh Jila , Rostami-Far Zahra 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective
Thyroid cancer is the most common cancer of the endocrine and is apparent in about 5 percent of thyroid nodules. Platelets have been shown to play an important role in chronic inflammation, cancer progression, and metastases. Recent research has been done on the correlation between platelet factor and many other types of cancer. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of platelet factor and other CBC parameters in papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Material and Methods
Thirty hundred and fifty patients were divided into two groups retrospectively. Group 1: papillary thyroid carcinoma patients (n = 150). Group 2: normal healthy subjects (n = 200). PLT, MPV, PDW, and CBC parameters were compared between groups, and p < 0.05 was accepted as significant
Results
The neutrophil count and NLR (neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) were significantly higher, while the Hb, PLT, MPV, RDW, lymphocyte, and monocyte count, were significantly lower in patients compared with the control group. These parameters scored low in all parameters of diagnostic accuracy, with overall accuracy ranging between 41 and 66%.
Conclusions
NLR, MPV, and PLT are relatively inexpensive and widely available from routine blood tests. Although we found higher NLR values and lower PLT and MPV values in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma, these factors cannot effectively diagnose thyroid cancer.
NRAV, a newly identified Ferroptosis-related lncRNAs, affects the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma through the miR-375- 3P/SLC7A11 axis
Authors: Zong Ke , hu jianfei , Luo Kai , Deng Yilei , Wang Hongfei , Chen Shi , Li Renfeng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background: Ferroptosis has important value in cancer treatment. It is significant to explore the new Ferroptosis-related lncRNA prediction model in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the potential molecular mechanism.Methods: We constructed a prognostic multilncRNA signature based on ferroptosis-related differentially expressed lncRNAs in HCC. qRT-PCR was applied to determine the expression of lncRNA in HCC cells and tissues. The biological roles of NRAV in vitro and in vivo were determined by performing a series of functional experiments. Further, dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were used to confirm the interaction of NRAV with miR-375-3P.Results: We identified 19 differently expressed lncRNAs associated with the prognosis of HCC. Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed the high-risk lncRNAs signature associated with poor prognosis of HCC. Moreover, the AUC of the lncRNAs signature was 0.803, underscoring their utility in predicting HCC prognosis. Indeed, our risk assessment model was superior to standard clinicopathological features in predicting HCC prognosis. Further functional experiments show that the high expression of NRAV can strengthen the viciousness of HCC. NRAV via miR-375-3P/SLC7A11 axis enhances iron export and ferroptosis resistance, affecting the prognosis of patients with HCC.Conclusion: A novel ferroptosis-related lncRNAs signature impacts the prognosis of HCC.NRAV may play a role in induced ferroptosis, which can be considered a potential therapeutic target in HCC.
TRPV1 modulated NLRP3 inflammasome activation via calcium in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Zhang Keke , Guo Gengyin , Wang Haocong , Chen Jinyan , Wang Feng , Zhang Zhen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays a key role in early brain injury (EBI) of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in the development of neuroinflammation after SAH, but the mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome activation after SAH is still unclear. TRPV1 is a non-selective calcium channel that is involved in the pathology of neuroinflammation, but its role in SAH has not been revealed. Our study showed that TRPV1 was significantly upregulated after SAH and was predominantly expressed in microglia/macrophages. Antagonism of TRPV1 was effective in ameliorating neurological impairment, brain edema, neuronal damage, and reducing the inflammatory response (evidenced by reducing the number of CD16/32 positive microglia/macrophages, inhibiting the expression of CD16, CD32, CD86, IL-1b, TNF-a and blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation). However, this effect can be abolished by NLRP3 inflammasome antagonist MCC950. In vitro experiment confirmed that TRPV1 activated NLRP3 inflammasome by increasing intracellular calcium levels. In conclusion, TRPV1 mediates EBI after SAH via calcium/NLRP3, and TRPV1 is a potential therapeutic target after SAH.
Ethiopic Characters Recognition Model using Deep Learning
Authors: Addis Maru Tesfaye 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: - Many approaches have been developed to recognize different writing scripts, most of which focus on Latin scripts. However, in the Ethiopic script unavailability of readymade datasets and the attempts of a few studies show that the script requires further investigation by applying different recognition techniques. In addition, image quality degradation and numerous characters in the alphabet are other major problems with Ethiopic-script documents. In this study, a convolutional neural network-based character recognition model for Ethiopic character recognition is proposed. The contribution of this work is the development of a character recognition model using a convolutional neural network.Method: - The model is designed using seven convolutional layers, four max-pooling layers, and two fully connected layers. Automatic features are extracted from each cropped 28 by 28 images using convolutional and max-pooling layers to prepare for recognition. Results: - The proposed model is trained and tested with customized datasets and achievement of accuracy 97%, which is a promising recognition result of the script.Conclusion: - In future works, the dataset should include all the letters, punctuation marks, and symbols found in Ethiopic scripts for both printed and handwritten text and increase the dataset size for different deep learning algorithms to get better results.
Assessment of soil quality across differently aged, naturally recovered old crop fields and natural sites in a Grassland biome
Authors: Coetzer Willem G. , Coetzer Kayleigh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Cropland abandonment for natural recovery has increase globally over the las few decades. Changing land-use practices in South Africa, has led to an increased rate of cropland abandonment. The rate and magnitude of soil quality recovery following abandonment varies from location to location. Several soil quality studies have been conducted in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, mainly focusing on the impact of different cropping strategies on soil quality or the effect of different grazing practices on soil quality. Only a few studies on the effect of cropland abandonment and soil quality have been performed. We, therefore, aimed to assess the change in soil quality of differently aged, recovering old crop fields compared to the surrounding natural veld. The study site is located in the Winterberg Mountains of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Soil characteristics, including soil water-holding capacity, density, pH, total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity, C %, N %, C stock, N stock, as well as sand, silt clay composition was assessed for three recovering old crop fields. Samples from the surrounding natural habitat were also included for comparison. Significant positive change in soil water-holding capacity (WHC), C %, N %, C stock and N stock were observed with increased age since abandonment. It is clear from our results that soil recovery is taking place, with the older former crop field most closely resembling the natural habitat. It will, however, still take a significant amount of time for total recovery to be achieved. Continuous monitoring of old crop fields in agricultural, as well as, formally protected areas is needed to fully understand the long-term effects of cropping on soil quality in this region. Significance • Cropland abandonment is a global occurrence, with old croplands allowed to recover to a natural state. • The effect of old cropland abandonment on soil quality in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa is not well studied. • No significant differences in pH and electrical conductivity was observed between differently aged old crop fields, but an increase in water-holding capacity, % soil N and % soil C was observed with increase old crop field abandonment age. • These results contribute to the limiting amount of data on soil physical characteristics natural recovery of old crop fields in the Eastern Cape of South Africa
Computerized text and voice analysis - a quantitative single case study of seven chronically schizophrenic patients in art therapy
Authors: Sprotte Yvonne 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This explorative study of chronic schizophrenic patients aims to clarify whether group art therapy followed by a therapist-guided picture review could influence the patients' communication behavior. Characteristics of voice and speech were obtained via objective technological instruments and selected as indicators of communication behavior. Seven patients were recruited to participate in weekly group art therapy over a period of six months. Three days after each group meeting, they talked about their last picture during a standardized interview that was digitally recorded. The audio documents were evaluated using validated computer-assisted procedures, the transcribed texts using the German version of LIWC2015, and the voices using the audio analysis software VocEmoApI. The dual methodological approach was intended to form an internal control of the study results. An exploratory factor analysis of the complete sets of output parameters was carried out in the expectation of obtaining disease typical characteristics in speech and voice that map barriers to communication. The parameters of both methods were thus processed into five factors each, i.e., into a quantitative digitized classification of the texts and voices. The scores of the factors were subjected to a linear regression analysis to capture possible process-related changes. Most patients continued to participate in the study. This resulted in high quality data sets for statistical analysis. In answer to the study question, two results were summarized: A text analysis factor called presence proved a potential surrogate parameter for positive language development. Quantitative changes in vocal emotional factors were detected, demonstrating differentiated activation patterns of emotions. These results can presumably be interpreted as an expression of a cathartic healing process. The methods presented in this study make a potentially significant contribution to quantitative research into the effectiveness and mode of action of art therapy. Trial Registration: ISRCTN12365070 Acronym: Linguistic and Voice inquiry of patients talking about their own Pictures (LiVoPict)
Damage Constitutive and Failure Prediction of Artificial Single-Joint Sandstone Based on Acoustic Emission
Authors: Sun Bing , Yang Haowei , Zeng Sheng , Luo Yu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The effect law of deformation and failure of a jointed rock mass is essential for underground engineering safety and stability evaluation. In order to study the evolution mechanism and precursory characteristics of instability and failure of jointed rock masses, uniaxial compression and acoustic emission (AE) tests are conducted on sandstones with different joint dip angles. To simulate the mechanical behavior of the rock, a jointed rock mass damage constitutive model with AE characteristic parameters is created based on damage mechanics theory and taking into account the effect of rock mass structure and load coupling. To quantify the mechanism of rock instability, a cusp catastrophe model with AE characteristic parameters is created based on catastrophe theory. The results indicate that when the joint dip angle increases from 0° to 90°, the failure mechanism of sandstone shifts from tensile to shear, with 45° being the critical failure mode. Sandstone's compressive strength reduces initially and subsequently increases, resulting in a U-shaped distribution. The developed damage constitutive model's theoretical curve closely matches the test curve, indicating that the model can reasonably describe the damage evolution of sandstone. The cusp catastrophe model has a high forecast accuracy, and when combined with the damage constitutive model, the prediction accuracy can be increased further. The research results can provide theoretical guidance for the safety and stability evaluation of underground engineering.
whiteness
Authors: Spatz Ben , Erçin Nazlıhan Eda , Krawczyk Ilona , Mendel Agnieszka 
Published: June 2022

This “illuminated” video essay works through the juxtaposition of textual and audiovisual material to interrogate the cultural and philosophical whiteness of bodies and institutions. It demonstrates a reciprocal and circular relationship between textuality and audiovisuality insofar as the documented practice responds to a textual object — a physical copy of Giorgio Agamben’s book The Open: Man and Animal — while another layer of critical poetic text interrupts, critiques, analyzes, and illuminates the video. Agamben’s treatment of Heidegger is taken as a reference point to deconstruct the racialized human/animal binary, while the productively ambiguous perspective on whiteness found in contemporary Black studies and critical race theory is invoked as a possible alternative. At the same time, the tactile and sensory qualities of the documented practice — hovering between song and speech, gesture and action — emphasize the embodied, material, and affective dimensions of both whiteness and our attempts to escape it. The video asks: Can the white body be decolonized without killing it? Its multimedial form implies that answers to such a question can only be found through forms of thought that displace the tyranny of writing, or logocentrism, as is also suggested by Fred Moten in the video’s closing epigraph.
being surface
Authors: Zacharopoulou Despina 
Published: June 2022

This paper problematizes the ways in which performance art might be philosophy, and vice versa, that is; how philosophy might operate as embodied praxis and method. The main hypothesis adopted is based on the argument that philosophy, though predominantly thought of as a rational ideological construction, is essentially an invitation towards change and a method on how to lead one’s life (Hadot 2001, 148). This position has been stressed by philosophers Pierre Hadot and Michel Foucault, who revisited ancient Greek philosophy in order to indicate how corporeal practices and techniques might operate as methodologies towards "new forms of life" (Rabinow 2000, 164). Foucault was particularly interested in the Cynics because of their visceral approach to philosophy as expressed by their "radical asceticism" (Foucault 2011, 167), that stood as an indication for a life which is radically other (Foucault 2011, 269-270). It is in that respect that one should also look at Foucault’s engagement with the gay leather scene; as a laboratory (Rabinow 2000, 151) towards a "[...] possibility for creative life" (Rabinow 2000, 163). In light of the above, this paper discusses Despina Zacharopoulou's performance works in order to investigate how performance strategies related to violence might suggest a radical re-thinking and revisiting of philosophy as embodied practice and method towards a life-as-surface, that is; a life experienced in its full intensity and in pure joy.
Experimental optimization of enzymatic and thermochemical pretreatments of bread waste by central composite design study for bioethanol production
Authors: Kahlouche Fatima Zohra , Zerrouki Souhaib , Bouhelassa Mohammed , Rihani Rachida 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The present study aimed at optimizing the combined effect of enzymatic and thermo-chemical pretreatment hydrolysis of bread waste (BW) for enhancing the yield of reducing sugars (RS). Statistical optimization of enzymatic and thermochemical pretreatment processes was performed using the central composite design (CCD) tool of response surface methodology (RSM) using four process parameters (waste bread ratio, alpha-amylase concentration, temperature and pH) on total sugars yield as response variable. It was found that the optimal conditions for maximally RS yield were at bread ratio of 0.03 g/mL, alpha-amylase concentration of 0.2 mL/L, temperature of 100 °C and pH 5.3. Under these conditions, the yield of RS reached 90%, with bioethanol concentration of about 85.8 g/L after 72 h of batch fermentation. The modified Gompertz equation was used to describe the cumulative bioethanol production. A good agreement was found between simulated and experimental data.