bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Evaluation of the Adverse Effects of Vaccination against COVID-19 Infection among the Population in Central India
Authors: Bais Archy Singh , Ahmad Fiza Naaz , Gaikwad Ninad , Madhu Priyanka Paul , Chhabra Kumar Gaurav , Reche Amit 
Published: February 2022

Background: India's Covaxin and Covishield has associate effectiveness rate of 81% preliminary info. Both vaccines have shown excellent safety and efficacy.
Objectives: To seek the information about vaccination side effect and Covid-19 infection after getting vaccination.
Methodology: We are examining the self-reported vaccination side effect on local and systemic side-effects within 8 to 15 days and covid 19 infections who received one or two doses of the covisheld or a covaxin.
Expected Results: The expected results of this study will determine the vaccination adverse-effects of covaxin and covishield with its probability of Covid-19 infection among the dental professionals after getting vaccination in state of Maharashtra.
Conclusion: An observational based study in which we have to identify vaccination side effects and infection after administration of both Coronavirus vaccines which are use in India. Both the vaccines area associate effectiveness rate of 81%.
In-Vitro Antioxidant and Pharmacognostic Studies of Phaseolus vulgaris (Linn) Seed Coat
Authors: Majhi Sagarika , Chaudhary Sarika , Verma Madhu , Rajkumari . , Sharma Meenakshi , Chauhan Iti , Singh Lubhan , Talan Hitesh , Sharma Shivani 
Published: February 2022

Objectives: Pulses have grown increasingly popular as a result of their high nutritional content and phytochemical content. However, before to eating, the seed coats of some legume food items were removed, resulting in the food losing its nutritious content. The study deals with the study of pharmacognostic & physico-chemical profile along with in-vitro estimation of bioactive compounds of Phaseolus vulgaris (Linn) seed coat.
Methodology: The morphology of kidney beans was evaluated. Seed length, width, thickness, and surface area were also determined. In physico-chemical parameters extractive value ash value, moisture content, swelling index were recorded. Phytochemical screening displayed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, amino acid, tannins, carbohydrates and saponins. HPTLC & in-vitro estimations were done.
Results: Morphology revealed dark brownish red seed, kidney to oval shaped, medium size and bland taste. Microscopically, the transverse section showed the presence of proteinaceous aleurone cells, macro-sclereids and starch granules with irregular oval shape in the cotyledon specify the energy reservoir of seeds. HPTLC showed the presence of flavonoids in Phaseolus vulgaris seed coats. The antioxidant profile revealed TFC (total flavonoid content) as 13.62 mg/g QE (quercetin equivalent) and TPC (total phenolic content) as 32.03 ± 1.50 mg/g GAE. IC50 value for vitamin C was found to be 369.03 µg/ml as compared to Phaseolus vulgaris seed coat 423.00µg/ml.
Conclusion: The study can serve as a valuable source of information and due to presence of phytoconstituents like flavonoid (quercetin) it could be considered for its neuroprotective activity.
Efficacy of Modified Betty Neuman Nursing Theory to Develop Evidence-Based Pandemic Care Pathway for Preadolescents in the School
Authors: Sahu Nirupam Nisha , Vagha Jayant , Gawai Jaya 
Published: February 2022

Background: A study on the effect of COVID-19 on children shows that once we pay special attention to the psychological aspect of youngsters, the worst effect occurs, although less sensitive to COVID-19. There’s also evidence that nursing care supported by Betty Newman's model helps prevent 94% of patients with psychiatric cases within the medical care unit. A study that supported the appliance of the Betty Newman Systems model within the nursing care of patients with Covid-19 showed that it helps resolve the nursing problems of a patient affected by Covid-19. Supported by the above study, it's planned to develop a particular epidemic care pathway for preadolescents using the revised Betty Newman's nursing theory.
Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of modified Betty Newman’s Nursing Theory to develop an evidence-based pandemic care pathway for preadolescents between the experimental and control groups and associate the post-test score of preadolescents with their demographic variables.
Methodology: Preadolescent students will be recruited for the Superiority trial. the standard and modified Betty Newman theory will be applied to the control and experimental group. The pre and posttest of both groups will be evaluated for their effectiveness.
Expected Outcomes: The newly developed pandemic care approach will effectively reduce the psychological impact of pandemics in Preadolescent children.
Conclusions: Generation of pandemic care pathway for preadolescents and Reduction of the psychological impact of the pandemic among preadolescents.
Atomically Dispersed Intrinsic Hollow Sites of M‐M1‐M (M1 = Pt, Ir; M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Pt, Ir) on FeCoNiCuPtIr Nanocrystals Enabling Rapid Water Redox
Authors: Lu Yu , Huang Kang , Cao Xun , Zhang Liyin , Wang Tian , Peng Dongdong , Zhang Bowei , Liu Zheng , Wu Junsheng , Zhang Yong , Chen Chunjin , Huang Yizhong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFabrication of advanced electrocatalysts acting as an electrode for simultaneous hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (i.e., HER and OER) in an overall cell has attracted massive attention but still faces enormous challenges. This study reports a significant strategy for the rapid synthesis of high‐entropy alloys (HEAs) by pulsed laser irradiation. Two types of intrinsic atomic hollow sites over the surface of HEAs are revealed that enable engaging bifunctional activities for water splitting. In this work, a novel senary HEA electrocatalyst made of FeCoNiCuPtIr facilitates the redox of water at only 1.51 V to achieve 10 mA cm−2 and still remains steadily catalytic and durable after being subjected to a 1m KOH solution for more than 20 h. First‐principles calculations reveal that the incorporation of Ir and Pt atoms with neighboring elements donate valence electrons to hollow sites weakening the coupling strength between adsorbate and alloy surface and, consequently accelerating both HER and OER. This work delivers a powerful technique to synthesize highly efficient HEA catalysts and unravels the formation mechanism of active sites across the surface of HEA catalysts.
2D Covalent Organic Framework Direct Osteogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells
Authors: Bhunia Sukanya , Jaiswal Manish K. , Singh Kanwar Abhay , Deo Kaivalya A. , Gaharwar Akhilesh K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract2D covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an emerging class of crystalline porous organic polymers with a wide‐range of potential applications. However, poor processability, aqueous instability, and low water dispersibility greatly limit their practical biomedical implementation. Herein, a new class of hydrolytically stable 2D COFs for sustained delivery of drugs to direct stem cell fate is reported. Specifically, a boronate‐based COF (COF‐5) is stabilized using amphiphilic polymer Pluronic F127 (PLU) to produce COF‐PLU nanoparticles with thickness of ≈25 nm and diameter ≈200 nm. These nanoparticles are internalized via clathrin‐mediated endocytosis and have high cytocompatibility (half‐inhibitory concentration ≈1 mg mL−1). Interestingly, the 2D COFs induce osteogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells, which is unique. In addition, an osteogenic agent—dexamethasone—is able to be loaded within the porous structure of COFs for sustained delivery which further enhances the osteoinductive ability. These results demonstrate for the first time the fabrication of hydrolytically stable 2D COFs for sustained delivery of dexamethasone and demonstrate its osteoinductive characteristics.
Spindle‐Like Zinc Silicate Nanoparticles Accelerating Innervated and Vascularized Skin Burn Wound Healing
Authors: Zhang Hongjian , Ma Wenping , Ma Hongshi , Qin Chen , Chen Jiajie , Wu Chengtie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe treatment of severe burn injuries is a crucial challenge in skin tissue engineering. Severe burns are always accompanied with large‐area neurovascular networks damage, leading to the lack of excitation functions and difficulty in self‐healing. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop biomaterials which can not only promote wound healing but also simultaneously reconstruct cutaneous neurovascular networks. In this study, Zn2SiO4 (ZS) nanoparticles‐incorporated bioactive nanofibrous scaffolds are designed for innervated and vascularized skin burn wound healing. ZS nanoparticles with spindle‐like morphology are synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method. The incorporation of ZS nanoparticles endows the scaffolds with excellent angiogenic and neurogenic activities in vitro. Additionally, in vivo results show that the ZS nanoparticles‐incorporated scaffolds have favorable re‐epithelialization, innervation, and vascularization abilities through local release of bioactive Zn and Si ions from ZS nanoparticles, leading to rapid wound healing featuring with newly formed blood vessels and nerve fibers. Taken together, this study suggests that the spindle‐like ZS nanoparticles are useful bioactive agents for stimulating vascularization and innervation of functional skin repair. The bioactive inorganic nanoparticles may be used for multifunctional tissue regeneration.
High‐Z‐Sensitized Radiotherapy Synergizes with the Intervention of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway for In Situ Tumor Vaccination
Authors: Wang Yuxiang , Chen Jing , Duan Rumeng , Gu Rong , Wang Weiran , Wu Jinhui , Lian Huibo , Hu Yiqiao , Yuan Ahu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn situ tumor vaccination is preliminarily pursued to strengthen antitumor immune response. Immunogenic tumor cell death spontaneously releases abundant antigens and adjuvants for activation of dendritic cells, providing a paragon opportunity for establishing efficient in situ vaccination. Herein, Phy@PLGdH nanosheets are constructed by integrating physcion (Phy, an inhibitor of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP)) with layered gadolinium hydroxide (PLGdH) nanosheets to boost radiation‐therapy (RT)‐induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) for potent in situ tumor vaccination. It is first observed that sheet‐like PLGdH can present superior X‐ray deposition and tumor penetrability, exhibiting improved radiosensitization in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the destruction of cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and nucleotide homeostasis by Phy‐mediated PPP intervention can further amplify PLGdH‐sensitized RT‐mediated oxidative stress and DNA damage, which correspondingly results in effective ICD and enhance the immunogenicity of irradiated tumor cells. Consequently, Phy@PLGdH‐sensitized RT successfully primes robust CD8+‐T‐cell‐dependent antitumor immunity to potentiate checkpoint blockade immunotherapies against primary and metastatic tumors.
High‐resolution non‐invasive whole brain imaging of tauopathy in a tauopathy mouse model
Authors: Vagenknecht Patrick , Dean‐Ben Xose Luis , Gerez Juan A. , Mu Linjing , Ji Bin , Riek Roland , Razansky Daniel , Klohs Jan , Nitsch Roger M. , Ni Ruiqing 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAbnormal tauopathy accumulation play an important role in tauopathy diseases including Alzheimer’s disease and Frontotemporal dementia. There is a gap in high‐resolution non‐invasive imaging tool for detecting tauopathy deposits in animal models.MethodThe binding properties of a panel of imaging probes to 4‐repeat K18 tau fibril was assessed by using Thoflavin T assay and surface plasmon resonance assay. Next we established optimal dosage for tau probes in in vivo optoacoustic imaging, and developed transcranial whole brain imaging (130 micron spatial resolution) of tauopathy in P301L model of 4‐repeat tauopathy. T2 magnetic resonance imaging at 9.4T was performed for structural information and for volume‐of‐interest analysis of optoacoustic imaging data after co‐registration.ResultIn vitro assay showed binding to recombinant K18 tau fibril using PBB5, THK5351, but not T‐807 or MK‐6240. i.v. administration of PBB5 in P301L mice led to a retention of PBB5 in tau ladened cortex and hippocampus by registering with structural magnetic resonance imaging data. The specificity of PBB5 was validated by immunohistochemistry with anti‐phosphorylated tau antibody AT‐100.ConclusionOptoacoustic imaging with PBB5 facilitates preclinical high‐resolution whole brain imaging of tauopathy, for studying the spreading and accumulation of tauopathy, and for monitoring putative treatments targeting tau.
Classification of Alzheimer’s disease by using tau PET images and deep convolutional neural networks
Authors: Ozsahin Ilker , Sekeroglu Boran , Butler Tracy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAmyloid beta (Ab) and pathologic tau biomarkers are specific neuropathological changes that define Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Previously, we applied shallow neural networks for early detection and classification of AD on Ab PET images. The aim of this study is to apply deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) for the classification of AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) on tau PET images by using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database.MethodApproximately 40,000 2D images were extracted from 1,097 baseline and follow‐up tau PET scans (AV‐1451) including 86 AD, 442 MCI and 569 cognitively normal (CN) subjects. All images were fully preprocessed by Laboratory of Neuroimaging (also known as LONI) for making the PET data more uniform and PET images more similar if they are from different scanners. It includes co‐registration, averaging, standardization, and uniform resolution. Scanning protocols are as follows: 370 MBq (10.0 mCi) ± 10% 18F‐flortaucipir, 30 min (5 min per frame) acquisition at 75‐105 min post‐injection. 2‐class (AD vs CN and MCI vs CN) and 3‐class (AD vs MCI vs CN) experiments were performed. The experiments consisted of image preprocessing and DCNN phases. An image sharpening technique was applied to obtain images with sharpened edges. The histogram equalization and an arithmetic operation were applied to the original images to produce intensity adjusted versions. Then, an image transformation function was applied. Finally, two DCNNs with two convolutional (64x32 filters) and two dense layers (128x8 neurons), and three convolutional (256x64 filters) and three dense layers (128x64x8 neurons) have been trained for 2‐class and 3‐class experiments, respectively. Five‐fold cross‐validation was used.ResultIn the 2‐class experiments, receiver operating characteristics area under curve (ROC AUC) scores were found as follows: 0.9943 for AD vs CN and 0.9908 for MCI vs CN. In the 3‐class experiments, macro‐averaged F1 score was found as 0.9827. All results are presented in Tables 1‐4. Figure 1 shows sample Grad‐CAM images.ConclusionDCNN architecture was accurate in distinguishing AD, MCI, and CN subjects based solely on tau PET images. Further analyses considering Ab status and other clinical factors, and inspection of Grad‐CAM images to understand the neuroanatomic basis of prediction, are underway.
Effects of traditional Cantonese opera songs on Cantonese‐speaking, community‐dwelling older adults’ cognitive and psychological function, well‐being, and health
Authors: Ho‐yin Lai Frank , Wai‐kwong Man David , Chi‐sing Yu Edwin , Yuen‐ying Lee Grace 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundExperiencing multi‐sensory cognitive stimulation through the enjoyment of Cantonese opera songs, with their lively rhythms, familiar folk tales, meaningful lyrics and pleasant scenarios, has the potential to increase neuroplasticity and prevent cognitive decline.MethodThis prospective pre‐ and post‐test quasi‐experimental randomised controlled trial design study aimed to explore the social benefits of older adults’ active participation in practising Cantonese opera songs as compared with passive participation (as an audience) and a non‐interventional control group on cognitive function, psychological function, functional independence, well‐being and health.ResultBy recruiting a group of older adults who were receiving day activities social service in Hong Kong. Thirty participants were randomly allocated to active participation in Cantonese opera (ACO). They participated in practising Cantonese opera songs. Thirty‐four participants were assigned to passive participation in Cantonese opera (PCO). They received passive intervention by listening to and appreciating the opera songs as a social event. Thirty‐one participants were used as a control group and received no similar training.ConclusionACO caused a positive change in cognitive function as compared to PCO and to no intervention, which implies that active learning and practise of opera songs benefits global cognitive function. The psychological function of the participants in the PCO group showed an elevated positive affect and a reduced negative affect. A statistically significant difference was noted in the time effect among the physical domains of health status, functional independence and well‐being of participants who underwent Cantonese opera intervention.
The impact of a global pandemic on persons living with dementia and their care partners: An analysis of 417 survey responses
Authors: Tam Mallorie T , Dosso Jill A , Robillard Julie M 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn the midst of the current global health crisis, it is critical to capture the lived experiences of older adults and their care partners to inform priorities for health care services. The COVID‐19 pandemic that surfaced in 2019 impacted the physical and emotional health of older adults living with dementia and their care partners. The goal of this project was to explore the experiences and needs of people living with dementia and their care partners during the COVID‐19 pandemic as part of an ongoing evaluation of dementia support services provided by the Alzheimer Society of British Columbia in British Columbia, Canada.MethodPeople living with dementia and care partners were recruited from the communication channels of the Alzheimer Society of B.C. Participants completed an online survey that was developed around the priorities identified in the context of the COVID‐19 and Dementia Task Force convened by the Alzheimer Society of Canada.ResultA total of 417 completed surveys were analysed (395 care partners, 22 people living with dementia). Overall, respondents indicated that they were able to access information that was helpful for maintaining their own health and managing a period of social distancing (74% care partners, 86% people living with dementia). Care partners reported a number of serious concerns, including the inability to visit the person that they care for in long‐term or palliative care. Participants also reported that the pandemic increased their levels of stress overall (58%, 62%) and that they felt more isolated than they did before the pandemic (74%, 81%). The use of technology was reported as a way to connect socially with their loved ones, with the majority of participants connecting with others at least twice per week (79%, 75%). Many indicated an interest in learning more about using technology to connect with others (32%, 50%).ConclusionEvaluating the complex effects of a global pandemic through the experiences of people living with dementia and their care partners is vital to inform healthcare priorities to restore their quality of life and health and better prepare for the future.
Longitudinal effects of behavioral interventions: A comparison using a propensity score matching model
Authors: Ying Gelan , Locke Dona E , Chandler Melanie , Shandera‐Ochsner Anne , Smith Glenn E 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundBehavioral interventions are often recommended for persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The Healthy Action to Benefit Independence & Thinking® Program (HABIT) has been shown to benefit activities of daily living (ADL) and self‐efficacy in patients at 6‐ and 12‐months post intervention. However, to date, the findings have been limited by comparison to a relatively small, untreated control group. This study attempted to explore HABIT ADL outcomes compared to a large, presumably untreated Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) MCI cohort.MethodA total of 767 participants with MCI were selected from the ADNI database, whereas 478 participants with MCI were recruited from the HABIT IRB approved research registry. Functional outcomes were assessed with informant‐based measures ‐ Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ) and Everyday Cognition scale (ECOG) memory and total scores – at both 6‐month‐ and 12‐month‐follow‐ups. After near‐neighbor propensity score matching with a caliper of 0.2, 288 participants from each group were matched for the FAQ, and 333 were matched for the ECOG scores. Latent growth curve models were used to test the hypothesis that the HABIT program might delay functional decline in patients with MCI.ResultAfter matching HABIT group continued to show higher initial scores on FAQ (b=.849, p=.013), and ECOG memory (b=.200, p=.004) and total scores (b=1.115, p<.001) compared to the ADNI group. Although an increase in scores was observed in both groups for each functional outcome, the slopes were steeper for the HABIT group for FAQ (b=1.194, p<.001), ECOG memory (b=.073, p=.019) and ECOG total (b=.383, p=.007).ConclusionContrary to our hypothesis, in this non‐randomized study, partners of HABIT participants with MCI reported more rapid functional decline compared to those in an imaging study. This discrepancy could be due to the HABIT group’s higher baseline impairment level even after matching. Furthermore, patients with perceived more rapid decline may be more likely to seek interventions relative to those who elect to participate in a non‐interventional imaging study. In addition, the intervention sessions could prime the partners to be more scrupulous and aware when rating functional assessments. Additional randomized research may help add clarity to these findings.