bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antagonistic interactions by a high H2O2‐producing commensal streptococcus modulate caries development by Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Kim Dongyeop , Ito Tatsuro , Hara Anderson , Li Yong , Kreth Jens , Koo Hyun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDental caries (tooth‐decay) is caused by biofilms harboring polymicrobial communities on teeth that leads to the onset of localized areas of enamel demineralization. Streptococcus mutans has been clinically associated with severe caries in childhood. Although commensal bacteria can combat S. mutans using self‐generated antimicrobials such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), constant sugar‐rich diet consumption disrupts microbial homeostasis shifting toward cariogenic community. Recently, Streptococcus oralis subsp. tigurinus strain J22, an oral isolate, was identified as a uniquely potent H2O2 producer. Here, we assess whether a high H2O2‐producing commensal streptococcus can modulate the spatial organization and virulence of S. mutans within biofilms. Using an experimental biofilm model, we find that the presence of S. oralis J22 can effectively inhibit the clustering, accumulation, and spatial organization of S. mutans on ex vivo human tooth surface, resulting in significant reduction of enamel demineralization. Notably, the generation of H2O2 via pyruvate oxidase (SpxB) from S. oralis J22 is not repressed by sugars (a common repressor in other mitis group streptococci), resulting in enhanced inhibition of S. mutans growth (vs. Streptococcus gordonii). We further investigate its impact on biofilm virulence using an in vivo rodent caries model under sugar‐rich diet. Coinfection of S. mutans with S. oralis results in reduced caries development compared to either species infected alone, whereas coinfection with S. gordonii has negligible effects, suggesting that the presence of an efficient, high H2O2‐producer can disrupt S. mutans virulence. This work demonstrates that oral isolates with unusual high H2O2 production may be capable of modulating biofilm cariogenicity in vivo. The findings also highlight the importance of bacterial antagonistic interactions within polymicrobial communities in health and in disease‐causing state.
Cry‐wolf syndrome in recommendation
Authors: Li Baixun , Li Meng , Liang Chao 
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we examine the effects of the cry‐wolf syndrome in a setting where a manufacturer hires a forecaster to make a recommendation on the capacity decision. In this context, we define cry wolf as a behavioral syndrome in which the manufacturer becomes less compliant with a forecaster's valuable recommendation after the forecaster's prior recommendation is known to be ex post nonoptimal. We find that, although the cry‐wolf syndrome unequivocally leads to lower performance for the manufacturer when the forecaster's forecast ability is exogenous, cry wolf can help boost the forecaster's investment in improving forecast ability when the ability can be endogenously determined by the forecaster and, thus, benefit the manufacturer. Moreover, cry wolf can improve the performance of the system—the manufacturer and forecaster together—when the commission that the manufacturer pays to the forecaster is not low. Our findings are helpful for understanding the conditions under which cry wolf can be detrimental or beneficial, and for indicating the need for caution with regard to actions curtailing the cry‐wolf syndrome among managers.
The Intergenerational Transmission of Party Preferences in Multiparty Contexts: Examining Parental Socialization Processes in the Netherlands
Authors: Durmuşoğlu Linet R. , de Lange Sarah L. , Kuhn Theresa , van der Brug Wouter 
Published: September 2022

Research shows that parents have a strong influence on the party preferences of their children. Yet little is known about how such preferences are transmitted in multiparty systems with weak party identification and high electoral volatility. We propose a model of intergenerational transmission that includes both direct effects of parents' party preferences on those of their children, as well as indirect effects through left–right and issue positions. We test this model with original survey data of Dutch adolescents (14–20 years old) and their parents (N = 751 adolescent‐parent pairs). We find two paths through which parents exert influence on the party preferences of their adolescent children. On the first path, parental party preferences function as a direct predictor of adolescent party preferences. On the second path, adolescent left–right and issue positions function as a mediator between parental left–right and issue positions and adolescent party preferences, with the effect of left–right positions being stronger than that of issue positions. The frequency with which adolescents discuss political topics with their parents moderates these effects.
MiPDCD6 effector suppresses host PAMP‐triggered immunity to facilitate Meloidogyne incognita parasitism in tomato
Authors: Kamaruzzaman Md , Zhao Li‐Feng , Zhang Jin‐Ai , Zhu Le‐Tian , Li Yuan , Deng Xiao‐Da , Cai Shu‐Jing , Lian Xiao‐Cong , Chen Fang‐Ni , Jia Ning , Wang Xinrong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPlant‐parasitic nematodes secrete several effectors that suppress host PAMP‐triggered immunity for successful parasitism. Here, we have characterized a novel effector from the root‐knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, named MiPDCD6. The MiPDCD6 gene is expressed in the subventral oesophageal glands and is upregulated in the mid‐stages of M. incognita parasitism in plants. Tobacco rattle virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) targeting MiPDCD6 attenuated M. incognita parasitism. Compared with the control, in tomato plants with MiPDCD6 VIGS, the numbers of root knots were significantly reduced by 46.3%, giant cell development was delayed by 7 days (as shown by the improved paraffin section technique), and the expression levels of both PR‐1 and PR‐5 tomato genes were significantly higher, as shown by reverse transcription‐PCR. Although MiPDCD6 lacks a classic signal peptide for secretion at its N‐terminus, results of immunofluorescence localization showed that MiPDCD6 could be secreted by M. incognita, transported and function in giant cells of tomato. Transient expression of MiPDCD6 in Nicotiana benthamiana suppressed cell death triggered by BAX and callose deposition induced by PIAvh142, inhibited reactive oxygen species accumulation induced by flg22, and reduced expression of PR1 and PR5, which are marker genes of the salicylic acid (SA)‐mediated immune signalling pathway. These results indicate that M. incognita deploys MiPDCD6 to suppress SA‐mediated plant immunity to promote its parasitism.
The dynamic effects of monsoon rainfall shocks on agricultural yield, wages, and food prices in India*
Authors: Brey Björn , Hertweck Matthias S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper shows that, first, the effects of monsoon rainfall shocks on agricultural yield in India are highly asymmetric: yield falls strongly after droughts, whereas excessive rainfall has only little effects. Second, our key novel finding is that the short‐lived yield loss after a widespread drought elicits a persistent decline (increase) in wages (food prices), which lasts for up to five years. Third, affiliation to the same National Sample Survey region (and thus to the same state) seems to be a key determinant of internal migration, whereas distance appears more relevant for food arbitrage trading.
Applicability of the drainage effectiveness of Blake drains and Tenckhoff catheters in the peritoneal dialysis of healthy rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Pereira Ana Camila , Geraldes Silvano S. , Maia Suellen R. , de Azevedo Maria Gabriela P. , da Silva Gustavo G. , de Souza Bruna N. , García Henry David M. , Melchert Alessandra , Brandão Cláudia Valéria S. , de Souza Fabiana F. , Guimarães‐Okamoto Priscylla T. C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of dialysate drainage between Tenckhoff (TC) catheter and Blake (BL) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) in healthy rabbits.DesignProspective experimental study.SettingUniversity Teaching Hospital and University research laboratory.AnimalsTwenty healthy, male, New Zealand rabbits.InterventionsPD via the TC catheter and the BL abdominal drain was compared during 3 consecutive days of dialysis delivery.Measurements and Main ResultsOne session of PD was performed per day for 3 consecutive days (S1: first session, S2: second session, S3: third session) and each session included 4 cycles of infusion, dwell of dialysate in the abdomen, and drainage. Data collection included daily urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, albumin, and potassium, in addition to hematological parameters (eg, RBC, HCT, hemoglobin, WBC, and platelet count). Statistical analysis using a mixed linear model with multiple comparisons was performed. The BL drain resulted in an increase in volume drained (ml/kg) when compared to TC catheter on S2 (third and fourth cycles) and S3 (first and second cycles).ConclusionsThe BL drain proved to be superior to the TC catheter, being capable of draining a larger volume of dialysate during the drainage processes in the peritoneal PD of healthy rabbits. The TC catheter had major complications with regard to fluid retention in the abdomen, representing reduced drainage efficiency, while the BL drain showed a greater tendency for the peritoneal fluid to leak.
A proposed improvised pleural drainage system for veterinary use
Authors: Hardjo Sureiyan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundActive pleural suction devices may be required for continuous drainage of pleural fluid or air. Such devices may not always be available or economical to stock at all veterinary hospitals. Three designs of pleural drainage systems adapted from standard suction canisters are proposed.Key FindingsThe designs were constructed from readily available materials from the veterinary hospital and consist of (1) a 1‐bottle system intended for use with pneumothoraces, (2) a 2‐bottle system, which can be used for draining air and fluid, and (3) an abbreviated 2‐bottle system. The suction pressure was tested using a water manometer for each design. The suction pressure was consistently accurate with designs 1 and 2, with mild fluctuations, intermittently increasing suction pressure in design 1 due to bubbling through the air vent. Design 3 demonstrated a greater degree of pressure fluctuations, which was attributed to having the least water volume, reaching suction pressures up to 1 cm H2O above what was set.SignificanceThe improvised devices appear effective, allow accurate delivery of a set suction pressure, and can be rapidly constructed from inexpensive and readily available equipment.
Perception of challenges in management of neurological cases in the emergency room
Authors: Meyer Franziska B. , Hoehne Sabrina N. , Murthy Vishal D. , Maiolini Arianna , Stein Veronika M. , Rathmann Justus M. K. , Guevar Julien 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate emergency clinicians’ comfort level in assessing neurological emergencies and to identify opportunities to foster enhanced training of clinical neurology in the emergency room.DesignInternet‐based survey.SettingUniversity teaching hospitals and private referral centers.SubjectsOne hundred and ninety‐two emergency and critical care specialists and resident trainees (ECC) and 104 neurology specialists and resident trainees (NEUR) in clinical practice.InterventionsAn internet‐based survey was distributed via veterinary professional organizations’ listserves and message boards and responses were collected between March and April 2020. ECC completed a survey evaluating stress levels associated with neurological emergencies, confidence with neurological examinations, and neuroanatomical localization. NEUR completed a similar survey to report their perception of their ECC colleagues’ confidence in the assessment of neurological cases. Chi‐square and Mann–Whitney U‐tests were used to compare categorical responses and confidence scores between groups. P < 0.002 was considered significant.Measurements and Main ResultsFifty‐two percent of ECC found neurological emergencies slightly challenging, whereas 85% of NEUR found them moderately to extremely challenging for ECC (P < 0.0001). ECC's median self‐reported confidence score in performing a neurologic examination on a scale of 0–100 was 75 (interquartile range [IQR], 27), while NEUR reported a median ECC confidence of 44 (IQR, 25; P < 0.0001). Median self‐reported ECC confidence in localizing intracranial, spinal, and neuromuscular disease was 67 (IQR, 40), 88 (IQR, 21), and 60 (IQR, 37), respectively, which was significantly higher than median NEUR‐reported ECC confidence of 35 (IQR, 38), 51 (IQR, 31), and 18 (IQR, 20), respectively (all P < 0.0001). Following case transfer, 34% of ECC received NEUR feedback in >75% of cases.ConclusionsNoticeable discrepancies between ECC and NEUR perceptions of ECC clinical confidence were seen, while no firm evidence of neurophobia could be inferred. Improvements in interdepartmental communication and teaching of clinical neurology may be warranted.
Retrospective evaluation of transportation and outcome of dogs on a mechanical ventilator: 9 cases
Authors: Bingham Emily , Haire Lauren , Buckley Gareth J. , Allen‐Durrance Ashley E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the transportation and clinical outcome of 9 dogs transported to a referral hospital on mechanical ventilation (MV).DesignRetrospective case series (2015–2020).SettingUniversity teaching hospital.AnimalsNine dogs transported to a referral center on MV.InterventionsAll dogs underwent MV during vehicular transport.Measurement and Main ResultsThe medical records of 9 dogs transported on a MV to a university teaching hospital were reviewed. Data collected included signalment, reason for MV, ventilator settings, sedation protocol, monitoring in transit, distance traveled, complications, clinical outcome, and cost. All dogs transported survived transport to the referral hospital and 8 of 9 were successfully weaned from the ventilator and discharged home.ConclusionsMV during transport in this setting was practical and safe. Dogs in this study had a high survival rate compared to previous studies of dogs undergoing MV, likely due to selection of cases assessed to have a correctable underlying disease.
Travel Motivation, Destination Image, and Stage of Intention to Visit Anak Krakatau Mount: a Study of Volcano Tourism in Indonesia
Authors: Suhud Usep , Allan Mamoon 
Published: September 2022

This study aims to measure the impact of travel motivation and destination image on stage of intention to visit a volcano site, particularly Anak Krakatau. "Anak" means "child". This mount is a volcano created by the deadly eruption of the Krakatau volcano which killed 36,417 people in 1883 and had a wide-ranging impact on some of the world's ecosystems. This mountain is located on a small island between two large islands of Sumatra and Java, Indonesia. Anak Krakatau is more popular among domestic tourists. Data were collected using an online questionnaire platform and the study used a convenience sample of 250 participants. Data were analysed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, as well as structural equation model. Stage intention consisted of visit intention in the period of one, three, and five years and each of them were treated as individual variable unless for visit intention in a year due to insignificance. As a result, travel motivation had a significant impact on destination image and destination image significantly affects stage of intention.
The Contaminate Infiltration Model for Heat and Concentration Transport Within Porous Media Under Electromagnetic Fields
Authors: Montienthong Prempreeya , Rattanadecho Phadungsak , Gibson Andy 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper studies the groundwater model of the influence of physical parameters, including input frequency of the electromagnetic, and input concentration of contaminants in groundwater, on the velocity pattern, temperature distribution, and concentration distribution of convective heat transfer in saturated porous media as soil. The mathematical models have solved seven equations in this simulation study, i.e., Maxwell's equation, heat transfer in fluid and solid phases, momentum, and concentration equations. The effect of frequencies and input concentrations of contaminants on the convective heat transfer and concentration distribution in porous media as soil under an electromagnetic wave is investigated. The results indicate that the electromagnetic wave frequency of 2.45 GHz has the most influence on the temperature distribution, velocity patterns, and concentration distribution of the fluid within the porous media as soil during saturated flow in groundwater. The inlet fluid concentration of the contaminant at 30 mol/dm3 has the most impact on the temperature distribution between the implementation of an electromagnetic wave of 2.45 GHz. So, this numerical model provides simple decision data based on comparing the maximum contaminant concentrations of porous media as soil samples with surface soil screening levels such as petroleum engineering and agricultural engineering. This result can be used by the engineer as a guide to determine whether further investigation is needed.
Determination of the Chip–Tool Contact Length in Orthogonal Cutting
Authors: dos Santos Anderson Júnior , Bonfim Matheus Tavares , Rosa Ribeiro da Silva Leonardo , Batista da Silva Rosemar , Câmara Marcelo Araújo , Magalhães Frederico de Castro , Abrão Alexandre Mendes 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This work presents an experimental–numerical approach aimed at determining the chip–tool contact length during orthogonal cutting of annealed AISI 4340 steel (223 HV) with TiN-coated tungsten carbide inserts. Initially, pin-on-disc tests were performed, followed by orthogonal cutting tests. The components of the cutting force were used to calculate the coefficient of friction in orthogonal cutting, and its value was compared with those obtained under sliding. Moreover, the cutting force components obtained experimentally were used to assess the reliability of the finite element model and estimate the temperature in the cutting zone. The contact length between chip and rake face was calculated based on the experimental feed force and shear strength of the work material and was compared with the results provided by an analytical model. The experimental–numerical approach can be considered more accurate due to the fact that it considers the effect of the tool–chip interface temperature on the shear strength of the work material. However, the analytical model is quite straightforward, since it only requires the values of chip thickness and undeformed chip thickness to estimate the tool–chip contact length.
Home-based management of neonatal sepsis: 23 years of sustained implementation and effectiveness in rural Gadchiroli, India, 1996–2019
Authors: Bang Abhay , Baitule Sanjay , Deshmukh Mahesh , Bang Anand , Duby Jessica 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAlthough hospitalisation remains the preferred management for neonatal sepsis, it is often not possible in resource-limited settings. The Home-Based Newborn Care (HBNC) study in Gadchiroli, India (1995–1998) was the first trial to demonstrate that neonatal sepsis can be managed in the community. HBNC continues to operate in Gadchiroli. In 2015, WHO recommended community-based management of neonatal sepsis when hospitalisation is not feasible but called for implementation research. We studied the implementation and effectiveness of home-based management of neonatal sepsis over 23 years in Gadchiroli.MethodsIn this cohort study (1996–2019), community health workers (CHWs) visited neonates at home in 39 villages in Gadchiroli, India. CHWs screened, diagnosed sepsis and offered home-based antibiotic treatment if hospitalisation was refused. We evaluated the implementation outcomes of coverage, diagnostic fidelity and adoption. We assessed the association between treatment type and odds of neonatal death using mixed effects logistic regression. Time trends were analysed using the Mann-Kendall test.ResultsCHWs screened 93.8% (17 700/18 874) of neonates (coverage) and correctly diagnosed 89% (1051/1177) of sepsis episodes (diagnostic fidelity). Home-based management was preferred by 88.4% (929/1051) of parents (adoption), with 5.6 percent of total neonates receiving antibioties at home. Compared with neonates treated at home, the adjusted odds of death was 5.27 (95% CI 1.91 to 14.58) times higher when parents refused all treatment, 2.17 (95% CI 1.07 to 4.41) times higher when CHWs missed the diagnosis and 5.45 (95% CI 2.74 to 10.87) times higher when parents accepted hospital referral. Implementation outcomes remained consistent over 23 years (coverage p=0.57; fidelity p=0.57; adoption p=0.26; mortality p=0.71). The rate of facility births increased (p<0.01) and the sepsis incidence decreased (p<0.05) over 23 years.ConclusionImplementation of home-based management of neonatal sepsis was sustainable and effective over 23 years. During this period, the need for home-based management in Gadchiroli is declining. Home-based management is advised where sepsis remains a major cause of neonatal mortality and hospital access is limited.
Emergency department and urgent care clinician perspectives on digital access to past medical histories
Authors: Bowden Thomas Campbell , Lyell David , Coiera Enrico 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo explore emergency department (ED) and urgent care (UC) clinicians’ perceptions of digital access to patients’ past medical history (PMH).MethodsAn online survey compared anticipated and actual value of access to digital PMH. UTAUT2 (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2) was used to assess technology acceptance. Quantitative data were analysed using Mann-Whitney U tests and qualitative data were analysed using a general inductive approach.Results33 responses were received. 94% (16/17) of respondents with PMH access said they valued their PMH system and all respondents with no digital PMH access (100%; 16/16) said they believed access would be valuable. Both groups indicated a high level of technology acceptance across all UTAUT2 dimensions. Free-text responses suggested improvements such as increasing the number of patient records available, standardisation of information presentation, increased system reliability, expanded access to information and validation by authoritative/trusted sources.DiscussionNon-PMH respondents’ expectations were closely matched with the benefits obtained by PMH respondents. High levels of technology acceptance indicated a strong willingness to adopt. Clinicians appeared clear about the improvements they would like for PMH content and access. Policy implications include the need to focus on higher levels of patient participation, and increasing the breadth and depth of information and processes to ensure patient record curation and stewardship.ConclusionThere appears to be strong clinician support for digital access to PMH in ED and UC; however, current systems appear to have many shortcomings.