bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial Impact and the Quality of Life of Patient with Acne Vulgaris among Public in Al Qunfudah Province, Southern Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alamri Safa J. , Dairi Motaz 
Published: March 2022

Background: Acne vulgaris is a common disease condition, affecting approximately 9.4% of the world's population, with the highest prevalence in adolescents. It affects over 90% of men and 80% of women in all ethnic groups. It is not life-threatening or physically debilitating; however, acne lesions can leave post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and/or atrophic scars in moderate to severe acne cases, influencing quality of life (QoL) and leading to low self-esteem and weak social interactions.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in AlQunfudah, Saudi Arabia, in 2021. Data were collected using a Google form questionnaire. The study population consisted of 210 participants. Saudi women and men aged ≥15 years who agreed to participate in the study were included, and no exclusion criteria were used. We used the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), a validated questionnaire that grades QoL.
Results: The study included 210 patients with comparatively more women (83.6%) than men (16.2%). The age distribution showed that 48.1% (n=101) of the patients were 21-25 years old, and 21.9% were 26-30 years old. Patients with severe acne scars had a higher DLQI score (8.91 ± 5.56) compared to others (p<0.001), and those with grade III had high scores of 9.38 ± 5.14 (p=0.004). The DLQI scores were higher in individuals with post-acne hyperpigmentation. When we compared the skin type and grade of acne, it was found that more people with “oily skin” had grade III (18.8%) and grade IV (7.1%) acne compared to other skin types, whereas grade I was seen more in the dry (81.8%) and normal skin types (61.9%) (p<0.001). Similarly, severe acne scars were more common in grade III (45.5%) and moderate acne scars were more common in grade II (54.1%) than in other types (p<0.001). We observed that grade II acne displayed more post-acne hyperpigmentation (46.6%), whereas grade III had 14.3% and grade IV had 7.5%, which showed a statistically significant association (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Acne is a common skin disease in Al Qunfudah people and is a highly prevalent condition that affects both sexes. This has a considerable impact on their QoL. Health education is needed to encourage people to seek appropriate help.
Functional and Radiological Outcome Analysis of Bipolar Prosthesis Used in Femur Neck Fracture through Inter-Prosthetic Joint Movement: A Study Protocol
Authors: Upadhyay Prateek , Ambade Ratnakar 
Published: March 2022

Background: Fracture neck of femur is the commonest fracture in old aged individuals because of osteoporosis and advancing age causing more brittleness of bone. Blood to neck and head of femur is rich and complicated. A hip operation is successful only when it provide a stable hip which is pain free and has a good range of movement.
The Austin – Moore and Thompson prostheses have been used successfully for treating fracture NOF. Excruciating pain and erosion of acetabulum are very common complications after the use of the Austin- Moore prosthesis. The bipolar prosthesis was developed by James E Bateman in 1974, which had the great advantage of second joint, below the acetabulum. So hip motion is to occur at two surfaces thus reducing the articular erosion. Studies have shown that over an increasing period of time the bipolar prosthesis will become more of a unipolar prosthesis functionally due to stiffening up of the inter-prosthetic joint. By this study we will be able to assess whether bipolar prosthesis really functions as it’s name suggests or vice versa.
Objectives:

Analysis of Inter – prosthetic joint movement in Bipolar prosthesis by radiological means.
Co-relating the inter-prosthetic joint motion with functional outcome of Bipolar prosthesis using Oxford hip score.

Methodology: By appropriate and easy sampling method, the patients undergoing Bipolar hemiarthroplasty for NOF fracture will be assessed radiologically for amount of inter-prosthetic joint motion during post-operative period.
Results: Results would be assessed on basis of clinical evaluation, functional evaluation and radiological evaluation and statistical analysis would be done to conclude the findings.
Conclusion: That over an increasing period of time the bipolar prosthesis will become more of a unipolar prosthesis functionally due to stiffening up of the inter-prosthetic joint.
Demographic Profiling of Patients with Leukoplakia Visiting a Dental Hospital in Chennai, India - An Institutional Study
Authors: Rajeswaran Saishree Anchana , Ramani Pratibha 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are a group of conditions that predispose to the development of oral cancers. A few of the commonly recurring OPMDs include leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, Smokers’ palate, and oral lichen planus. Leukoplakia is more common in specific populations, attributed to their habits and environmental circumstances. Hence, early diagnosis with biopsies on suspecting these lesions during regular oral health check-up ensures timely referral and addressal of the disorder. The present study aims to demographically profile patients with Leukoplakia visiting a private dental hospital in Chennai.
Aim: To demographically profile patients diagnosed with Leukoplakia, visiting a dental hospital in Chennai, a major city in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.
Materials and Methods: From the patients visiting the private dental hospital, those clinically diagnosed with Leukoplakia were considered in the inclusion criteria. Exclusion criteria involved those with poor maintenance of records and lack of follow-up of uncooperative patients. The sample size was n=100. The gender, age and locality of residence were considered and tabulated, followed by their statistical analysis using SPSS software version 22.0.
Results: From the results of the current study, it was observed that there was a greater male predilection to the occurrence of Leukoplakia (99%) compared to females (1%). A greater number of cases were seen in the age group of 41-50 years (34%), while the least number of cases were seen in patients of 21-30 years (7%). Among the cases reported, most patients were from Thiruvallur (40%), Chennai district (30%) followed by Kancheepuram district (17%) in Tamilnadu .
Conclusion: From the study, it can be concluded that Leukoplakia is more prevalent among the middle aged male population and was found to be predominantly occurring in the regions of Thiruvallur and Chennai districts in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
Association of Signs and Symptoms at Menarche with Pitta Pre-dominant Prakriti: An Observational Study
Authors: Khan Zoya Hasan , Sawarkar Gaurav , Desai Priti , Sawarkar Punam , Deshpande Amol 
Published: March 2022

Background: Menarche a sign of puberty which links childhood to adult hood. It is the phase of progression of sexual characters required at the adolescent’s age. It is seen that premenstrual symptoms regularly occurs in luteal phase of menstrual cycle. Similarly, when we can see premenarcheal symptoms in luteal phase of first menstrual cycle. Bhawmishra has explained that difference in color is due to different Prakriti es of individuals and vitiated doshas are responsible for symptoms like pain and burning sensation.
Materials and Methods: A total 673 girls were screened from Wardha city and out of them 150 were recruited for the study. Data were gathered with the help of specially designed proforma and Prakriti questionnaire. Qualitative analysis was done based on recorded data.
Observation & Results: Around 105 girls with Pitta Prakriti noted the problem of dysmenorrhea. Various observations were recorded based on regularity (16.67%)- irregularity (83.33%), quantity (Excess 19.34%, Moderate 68.66%, Scanty 12%), consistency (Clot 23.34%, Viscous 37.33%, Watery 39.33%), smell (Foul 18.67%, Normal 81.33%), dysmenorrhea condition (No 30%, Yes 70%), pain intensity (High 16.67%, Medium 72.67%, Scanty 10.66%) and other associated sign & symptoms like back pain, headache, pain in abdomen, body ache, stomach pain.
Conclusion: It was concluded that average age group were seen around 12 years, majority of participants had watery flow and viscid flow which can be explained as Pitta dosha has dominance of Agni. The duration of menstruation was seen averagely about 6 days in most of the participants.
Antibacterial Activity of Endemic Artocarpus nobilis Thw Found in Sri Lanka
Authors: Senadeera S. P. N. N. , Fernando K. S. K. , Wickramasekara W. L. L. N. , Fernando M. Y. S. , Ranaweera C. B. , Rajapaksha Weranga , Silva A. R. N. 
Published: March 2022

Aims: To evaluate antibacterial activity of aqueous, methanol, dichloromethane, and hexane extracts of Artocarpus nobilis Thw. leaves and stem bark against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus using agar well diffusion method.
Methodology: Matured fully expanded leaves and stem bark parts of Artocarpus nobilis were collected, air-dried, and grounded. The extraction was obtained using a decoction extraction method. Antibacterial activity was performed against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC® 25923TM) and Escherichia coli (ATCC® 25922TM) using agar well diffusion method and gentamicin was used as a positive control. The whole experiment was done in triplicates and the diameter of the inhibition zone (in mm) was measured and recorded.
Results: Results showed that aqueous bark extract (EC50 4.286 mg/mL) showed the highest efficacy and potency against E. coli while methanol bark extract (EC50 4.427 mg/mL) showed the highest efficacy and potency against S. aureus. R² and P values for aqueous, methanol, dichloromethane, and hexane extracts indicated that there was a strong, statistically significant correlation (P ≤ 0.05) between concentration and zone of inhibition for all extracts of A. nobilis against E. coli and S. aureus.
Conclusion: This study showed that aqueous and methanol bark extracts of Artocarpus nobilis have marked in vitro dose-dependent antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus respectively. Further studies are necessary to ascertain the mechanism and the active constituents responsible for the antibacterial activity of the of plant parts of Artocarpus nobilis.
Seasonal variation in age, sex, and reproductive status of Mexican free‐tailed bats
Authors: Danielson Joseph R. , Williams Jason A. , Sherwin Richard E. , Ekholm Kelsey L. , Hamilton Bryan T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn North America, Mexican free‐tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana) consume vast numbers of insects contributing to the economic well‐being of society. Mexican free‐tailed bats have declined due to historic guano mining, roost destruction, and bioaccumulation of organochlorine pesticides. Long‐distance migrations and dense congregations at roosts exacerbate these declines. Wind energy development further threatens bat communities worldwide and presents emerging challenges to bat conservation. Effective mitigation of bat mortality at wind energy facilities requires baseline data on the biology of affected populations. We collected data on age, sex, and reproductive condition of Mexican free‐tailed bats at a cave roost in eastern Nevada located 6 km from a 152‐MW industrial wind energy facility. Over 5 years, we captured 46,353 Mexican free‐tailed bats. Although just over half of the caught individuals were nonreproductive adult males (53.6%), 826 pregnant, 892 lactating, 10,101 post‐lactating, and 4327 nonreproductive adult females were captured. Juveniles comprised 11.5% of captures. Female reproductive phenology was delayed relative to conspecific roosts at lower latitudes, likely due to cooler temperatures. Roost use by reproductive females and juvenile bats demonstrates this site is a maternity roost, with significant ecological and conservation value. To our knowledge, no other industrial scale wind energy facilities exist in such proximity to a heavily used bat roost in North America. Given the susceptibility of Mexican free‐tailed bats to wind turbine mortality and the proximity of this roost to a wind energy facility, these data provide a foundation from which differential impacts on demographic groups can be assessed.
GIbase1.0: A database of green infrastructure plant species in England and Scotland
Authors: Watkins Harry , McLinden Abel , O'Halloran Sally , Karlsdottir Berglind , Pollard Chris , Labib Ellen , Marzano Mariella 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

The contributions of constructed Green Infrastructure (GI) to biodiversity are often used to justify urban development projects, yet in many cases these contributions have been difficult to quantify.

As a result, a wide range of GI features are designed and implemented, often without knowledge of whether these features contribute meaningfully to biodiversity or if there are biosecurity risks presented by their design or procurement. Our understanding of design practices could be significantly improved if researchers and policymakers were able to draw upon a data resource that recorded the specifications used in development projects and facilitated easy access to them.

In the United Kingdom, planning Portals act as substantial and untapped repositories of grey literature, containing highly detailed data with a diverse spatial coverage, recording the diversity and extent of existing habitats and specifications for proposed species assemblages. However, they are difficult to navigate or query, making it challenging to use these resources to gain macro‐level insights from the data held within the portals.

In this paper, we present GIbase 1.0, a new dataset that incorporates plant specifications from development projects across England and Scotland along with trait data associated with each species.

To demonstrate the utility of the dataset, in a separate exercise we tested whether these data could be used to inform policymakers and researchers about current procurement and planting practices. To this end, we assessed the proposed GI features that are submitted by developers to local planning authorities as part of the planning process and then carried out fieldwork to record the extent to which these specifications were delivered. The findings from this work are published separately (Karlsdottir et al., 2021).
Secure interval estimations for time‐varying delay interconnected systems using novel distributed functional observers
Authors: Huong Dinh Cong 
Published: March 2022

SummaryIn this article, we consider the problem of designing distributed functional observers for time‐varying delay interconnected systems under stealthy attacks. Distributed reduced‐order observers are first designed to construct bounds for the attack signals. Then, the obtained bounds of the attack signals are utilized to design novel distributed functional observers, which provide interval estimations for linear functions of the state vectors of subsystems when the time‐varying delay interconnected system is under stealthy attacks. Existence conditions of the distributed reduced‐order observers as well as distributed functional state observers are established, and an effective algorithm for computing unknown observer matrices is provided. A numerical example is used to confirm the effectiveness and advantages of the obtained results.
Three‐In‐One Alkylamine‐Tuned MoOx for Lab‐Scale to Real‐Life Aqueous Supercapacitors
Authors: Han Xu , Wu Chongchong , Li Hao , Zhang Yusheng , Sun Wenping , Jia Baohua , Gates Ian D. , Huang Zi‐Hang , Ma Tianyi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAqueous supercapacitors show advantages of high safely, prolonged lifespan, and low cost, etc. but there have never been commercial market products, nor quantitative investigation of practical pouch devices of aqueous supercapacitors. Herein, to achieve their lab‐scale to real‐life manufacture, a unique MoOx for supercapacitor use is constructed by a hydrothermal and annealing strategy suitable for industrialization, which plays three key functions, including precisely adjusted interlayer spacing, conductive flexible graphite carbon and abundant oxygen vacancies. As a result, the as‐synthesized electrode yields an ultra‐high specific capacitance of 717 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and ultra‐long cycling durability with no obvious capacitive loss even after 100 000 cycles. Realistically, the assembled asymmetric supercapacitor (MoOx‐HDA‐3//MnO2) exhibits extraordinary energy density of 78.2 Wh kg−1, superior to many advanced supercapacitors reported to date. We have fabricated pouch devices, which can successfully run 3C products such as tablets and smartphones, and maintain stable electrochemical performance even after heavy strikes, fires, and pressures. Quantitative investigation results confirm that the pouch device delivers an excellent specific capacitance of 74.7 F g−1 and a high energy density of 41.5 Wh kg−1. This work enhances the confidence of pushing aqueous supercapacitors to realistic energy storage market.
Giant Photoresponsivity and External Quantum Efficiency in a Contact‐Engineered Broadband a‐IGZO Phototransistor
Authors: Lai Yi‐Hsui , Wang I‐Ting , Hou Tuo‐Hung 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBroadband photodetectors with a wide ultraviolet (UV)–visible (vis)–near‐infrared (NIR) spectral response reduce cost and form factors in smart sensing systems by using one rather than multiple devices for versatile applications. However, simultaneously achieving broadband detection, high responsivity, and fast response time remains challenging. This study demonstrates a high‐performance broadband amorphous In–Ga–Zn–O (a‐IGZO) phototransistor using an engineered Ni/Ti bilayer metal contact. This device differs drastically from the conventional a‐IGZO phototransistors in several aspects: 1) Pronounced photoresponse occurs at the device ON‐state rather than the OFF‐state. 2) A broadband response of 385–980 nm rather than a narrowband UV response. 3) Fast sub‐ms response time with no persistent photocurrent. 4) High responsivity of exceeding 105 A W−1. The external quantum efficiency exceeding 107% and specific detectivity exceeding 1015 Jones are also among the best of any UV–vis–NIR broadband photodetectors. The photoresponse is attributed to the light‐sensitive source–drain series resistance at the ON‐state. The Ni diffusion during postmetal annealing induces photoactive subgap states and modulates the conductivity of a‐IGZO at the contact region. The superior performance using low‐temperature processes and simple device structures as the widely available a‐IGZO technology suggests a tremendous application potential of this broadband phototransistor.
Enhancing Electrochemical Performance of Stretchable/Flexible Li‐Ion Microbatteries by Tuning Microstructured Electrode Dimensions
Authors: Albertengo Alban , Nasreldin Mohamed , Ramuz Marc , Ochoa Daniel , Delattre Roger , Lepikhin Maxim , Galeyeva Alina , Malchik Fyodor , Djenizian Thierry 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIncreasing surface area between electrodes and electrolytes drastically has proven to improve electrochemical performances of microbatteries. 3D surface enhancement owing to the design of micropillar electrodes has permitted to fulfill this need while maintaining the same footprint area. Lithium nickel manganese oxide (cathode) and Lithium titanate (anode) micropillars with different sizes are successfully fabricated on aluminum foils by laser ablation technique and are then separated by a polymer electrolyte to form stretchable lithium‐ion microbatteries. The electrochemical performance of full batteries composed of different micropillar sizes is studied in detail. The importance of controlling the width of micropillars is demonstrated and correlated with a simple theoretical model to optimize the battery properties. It is also shown that areal capacity values can be enhanced by improving the electrode/electrolyte interfaces using a simple treatment under vacuum.
Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated 4H‐1‐Benzopyran Derivatives via Photocatalytic Trifluoromethylation/Oxidation/Conjugate Addition, and Cyclization Sequences of Vinyl Phenols
Authors: Jang Jihoon , Kim Dae Young 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to describe a cyclization reaction of photoredox generated ortho‐quinone methides using 1,3‐diketones for the synthesis of trifluoromethylated 4H‐1‐benzopyrans with moderate to high yields. This process resulted in in situ formation of trifluoromethylated ortho‐quinone methides from 2‐vinyl phenols with Umemoto's reagent, followed by conjugate addition and cyclization reaction of 1,3‐diketones.
Modular Access to Diverse Chemiluminescent Dioxetane‐Luminophores through Convergent Synthesis
Authors: Gnaim Samer , Gholap Sachin Popat , Ge Liang , Das Sayantan , Gutkin Sara , Green Ori , Shelef Omri , Hananya Nir , Baran Phil S. , Shabat Doron 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAdamantyl‐dioxetane luminophores are an important class of chemiluminescent molecular probes for diagnostics and imaging. We have developed a new efficient synthetic route for preparation of adamantyl‐enolether as precursors for dioxetane chemiluminescent luminophores. The synthesis is convergent, using an unusual Stille cross‐coupling reaction employing a stannane‐enolether, to directly afford adamantyl‐enolether. In a following simple step, the dioxetane is obtained by oxidation of the enolether precursor with singlet‐oxygen. The scope of this synthetic route is broad since a large number of haloaryl substrates are either commercially available or easily accessible. Such a late‐stage derivatization strategy simplifies the rapid exploration of novel luminogenic molecular structures in a library format and simplifies the synthesis of known dioxetane luminophores. We expect that this new synthetic strategy will be particularly useful in the design and synthesis of yet unexplored dioxetane chemiluminescent luminophores.
Functionalized organic–inorganic hybrid composites used as colorimetric chemosensors for hydrogen sulfide detection
Authors: Wu Huanling , Cheng Qiang , Mao Haiyan , Zhang Wenwen , Lin Ling 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDetection of trace‐level hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas is of great importance both in industrial production and disease diagnosis. In this article, two simple but smart colorimetric chemosensors for H2S detection were designed based upon the principle of colorimetric reaction. Ag NPs, as the main detection agent was loaded onto the primary carrier, silica sulfonic acid. Thus, a silver‐modified silica sulfonic acid (Ag‐SSA) was prepared successfully. Then the Ag‐SSA was integrated with two kinds of secondary substrate materials. One is the cotton‐woven textile and the other one is polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibrous membrane. Finally, two functionalized organic–inorganic hybrid composite systems for H2S detection were formed. Both of them were able to exhibit a rapid visual color change in response to H2S. Ag‐SSA/cotton textile was tested in the aqueous state and the limit of detection (LOD) of H2S solution was around 10−6 mol/L. For the Ag‐SSA/PVA nanofibers membrane detected in the atmospheric condition, the LOD of H2S gas reached 6.5 ppm. This research has been successfully demonstrated for the application in sensitive and selective detection of hydrogen sulfide in aqueous solution and gaseous state.