bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrostatic Solitary Waves and Electron-beam Instabilities in the Separatrix Region of Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Chang Cong , Huang Kai , Lu Quanming , Lu San , Yu Xiancai , Wang Rongsheng , Sang Longlong , Gao Xinliang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Using 2D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, the generation of electrostatic solitary waves (ESWs) and the associated plasma waves in symmetric magnetic reconnection are studied, and multiple kinds of ESWs with different propagating speeds are identified. Near the current sheet in the outflow region, there are two kinds of ESWs propagating away from the X line: their propagating speeds are about 0.73V
Te0 and 1.2V
Te0 (where V
Te0 is the initial electron thermal velocity), and their generation is associated with the Buneman instability and the electron two-stream instability, respectively. In the separatrix region, there is one kind of ESW propagating toward the X line with a propagating speed of about 1.2 V
Te0, which is formed during the nonlinear evolution of the electron two-stream instability. We also run a case with a guide field, and there exist two kinds of ESWs: the ESWs propagating away from the X line can be generated near the separatrices with electron outflow, while the ESWs propagating toward the X line can be generated near the separatrices with electron inflow. The two kinds of ESWs are associated with the electron two-stream instability and the Buneman instability, respectively.
NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART): Mutual Orbital Period Change Due to Reshaping in the Near-Earth Binary Asteroid System (65803) Didymos
Authors: Nakano Ryota , Hirabayashi Masatoshi , Agrusa Harrison F. , Ferrari Fabio , Meyer Alex J. , Michel Patrick , Raducan Sabina D. , Sánchez Paul , Zhang Yun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) is the first planetary defense mission to demonstrate the kinetic deflection technique. The DART spacecraft will collide with the asteroid Dimorphos, the smaller component of the binary asteroid system (65803) Didymos. The DART impact will excavate surface/subsurface materials of Dimorphos, leading to the formation of a crater and/or some magnitude of reshaping (i.e., shape change without significant mass loss). The ejecta may eventually hit Didymos’s surface. If the kinetic energy delivered to the surface is high enough, reshaping may also occur in Didymos, given its near-critical spin rate. Reshaping on either body will modify the mutual gravitational field, leading to a reshaping-induced orbital period change, in addition to the impact-induced orbital period change. If left unaccounted for, this could lead to an erroneous interpretation of the effect of the kinetic deflection technique. Here we report the results of full two-body problem simulations that explore how reshaping influences the mutual dynamics. In general, we find that the orbital period becomes shorter linearly with increasing reshaping magnitude. If Didymos’s shortest axis shrinks by ∼0.7 m, or Dimorphos’s intermediate axis shrinks by ∼2 m, the orbital period change would be comparable to the Earth-based observation accuracy, ∼7.3 s. Constraining the reshaping magnitude will decouple the reshaping- and impact-induced orbital period changes; Didymos’s reshaping may be constrained by observing its spin period change, while Dimorphos’s reshaping will likely be difficult to constrain but will be investigated by the ESA's Hera mission that will visit Didymos in late 2026.
Comparison of Albendazole and Mebendazole on Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections among School-Aged Children
Authors: Husin Nirmalia , Pasaribu Ayodhia Pitaloka , Ali Muhammad , Suteno Erwin , Suteno Erwin , Wijaya Wilhans , Pasaribu Syahril 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Anthelmintics, such as albendazole and mebendazole, are widely used to treat soil-transmitted helminths (STHs). With its extensive usage and administration along with other medical prescriptions, different environmental conditions, etc., some studies have reported unsatisfactory efficacy from albendazole to treat STHs.

AIM: To observe the efficacy of albendazole and mebendazole as a single dose in treating STH infections in elementary school children.

METHODS: An open randomized clinical trial was conducted in Batubara, North Sumatra, comparing the efficacy of albendazole and mebendazole. Samples were 6−12-year-old children infected with STHs based on Kato-Katz examination. A Chi-square test was performed to compare the cure rate and a t-test was done to compare the number of eggs per gram (EPG) feces in both groups.

RESULT: A total of 199 children from 426 met the study criteria. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the cure rate of Ascaris lumbricoides infections at 87.5% and 31% for albendazole and mebendazole groups, respectively. The cure rate of Trichuris trichiura infection at 61.5% and 65.6% with albendazole and mebendazole, respectively, and there was no significant difference (p > 0.05). There was a significant reduction in the number of eggs of all STHs after the treatment either with albendazole or mebendazole.

CONCLUSION: Single-dose albendazole has better efficacy against Ascaris lumbricoides infection than mebendazole. Meanwhile, both albendazole and mebendazole have high efficacy in reducing the number of eggs.
Correlation between Interleukin-6 and Ferritin Serum in Pediatric Sepsis Patients
Authors: Wijayanti Ida Ayu Agung , Gustawan I Wayan , Karyana I Putu Gede , Sidiartha I Gusti Lanang , Gunawijaya Eka , Mahalini Dewi Sutriani , Widnyana AANKP 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is the leading cause of death in children. Sepsis is caused by dysregulation of immune system that triggers the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, one of which is interleukin-6 (IL-6). In addition several markers of infection also increase such as c-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT), moreover in sepsis serum ferritin also increase. Serum ferritin is secreted by stimulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 that occur in the inflammatory process.
AIM: to prove correlation between Interleukin-6 and ferritin serum in pediatric sepsis patient.
METHOD: This was cross-sectional study. Subjects were children aged 1 month-18 years with sepsis in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and intermediate ward (IW) at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar in period of September 2020 – June 2021. Statistical analysis was done by Pearson correlation test.
RESULTS: Total 37 subjects were analyzed in this study. The median level of Interleukin-6 was 12 pg/ml (range, 1-355 pg/ml) and the median of ferritin level was 997 (range, 180-13418 ng/mL). The correlation between interleukin-6 and serum ferritin showed moderate positive correlation (r=0.54) which was statistically significant (p=0.001). After adjusting for the confounding variables, namely age, gender, nutritional status and time of sampling using partial correlation, the correlation between IL-6 and ferritin became strong with r=0.702 and p=0.00.
CONCLUSION: There was a significant positive correlation after adjusting for the confounding variables between Interleukin-6 level and ferritin in pediatric sepsis patient.
The Association between Modifiable Risk Factor with Inflammatory Marker in Knee Osteoarthritis Women
Authors: Arnadi Arnadi , Afriwardi Afriwardi , Ali Hirowati , Sahputra Roni Eka 
Published: July 2022

Background: IL-1β and TNF-α are vital inflammatory cytokines in the pathophysiological process of Osteoarthritis (OA). Several risk factors can increase the expression of these cytokines, such as BMI, physical activity, and menopausal status.

Aims: This study aims to determine the relationship of modifiable factors with synovial fluid IL-1β and TNF-α levels in knee OA women.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the orthopedic poly hospital Arifin Achmad Riau Province and Ibnu Sina Hospital in Pekanbaru City. A total of 93 women with knee OA were taken as samples by consecutive sampling. Data were obtained directly from respondents by conducting interviews using a questionnaire, measuring weight and height, examining levels of IL-1β and TNF-α from the synovial fluid using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The data were processed computerized using the Person correlation test, One Way Anova, and t-Test. The statistical analysis results were considered significant if the p-value was 0<05.

Results: the average age of subjects was 60.67 + 9.99 years, 87.8% aged > 40 years, 84.9% had menopause, and at most had moderate physical activity degrees (51.6%). The mean BMI was 27.18+4.17, the average of IL-1β 424.73+188.01 pg/mL, and TNF-α 105,17+48.98 ng/L. There was a significant positive correlation with moderate strength between BMI and levels of IL-1β and TNF-α synovial fluid (p=0.037, r=0.217, and p=0.047, r=0.207).

Conclusion: BMI is a risk factor for IL-1β and TNF-α levels in synovial fluid of knee joints in women with OA, but physical activity and menopausal status are not risk factors.
Potential of Moringa Leaf Cookies to Increast Breastmilk Production in Postpartum Mothers
Authors: Pujiastuti Rr. Sri Endang , Salsabila Dinar Indri Bakti , Anwar M. Choiroel 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Exclusive breastfeeding can be beneficial for both the baby and the mother. Efforts are needed to increase milk production so that mothers can still only breastfeed their babies. Moringa leaves can increase breast milk production because they contain flavonoids and polyphenols. Moringa leaf cookies were chosen because they are liked by many nursing mothers, can be stored for a relatively long time, and processing can lose nutrients.

AIM: The purpose of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of Moringa leaf cookies in increasing breast milk production.

METHODS: This was a quasi-experiment with pre-test and post-test non-equivalent control group design. The number of samples was 46 respondents on the 1st day of primiparous postpartum mothers who were divided into two into 23 intervention groups given Moringa leaf cookies (125 g/day) for 14 days and Vitamin A and Fe tablets and 23 control groups were given Vitamin A and Fe tablets. In this study, milk production was measured through indicators of infant weight with the right level of accuracy. The analysis used in this study is the paired t-test, independent t-test, and multivariate Test.

RESULTS: There was a difference before and before being given Moringa leaf cookies in the intervention group, while the statistical test results obtained p = 0.000 < 0.05. There was a difference in body weight in the intervention group and the control group and the results of the statistical test p = 0.000 < 0.05.

CONCLUSION: Moringa leaf cookies (125 g/day) for 14 days were effective in increasing breast milk production based on the baby’s weight.
Clinical Evaluation for Effectiveness and Safety of Lidocaine and Bupivacaine Combination Epidural Infusion for the Management of Post-Total Hip Replacement Pain
Authors: Alsaadi Malath , Hasan Mohannad Ali , Mehsen Jameel , Aliakbar Adil 
Published: July 2022

Background
The management of post-operative pain is critical for both the patient and the surgical outcome. Although epidural analgesia is valuable method, optimal local anesthetic selection and combination could improve its effectiveness. To determine the effectiveness and safety of bupivacaine and lidocaine bolus epidural analgesia in the management of post-total hip arthroplasty.
Methods
65 Records of patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty and received bolus epidural analgesia with bupivacaine and lidocaine were evaluated retrospectively. The numerical pain score for 48 hours, drug adverse effects, hospital stay, and opioid intake were analyzed statistically to determine the effectiveness and safety of epidural analgesia.
Results
The numerical pain score showed mild pain perception through the first 48 hours post operatively. There was no significant difference (p≥ 0.005) between the first score data collected at 6 hours and the last score at 48 hours. Post-operatively, patients had lower incidence of hypotension and headache with acceptable mobility. Opioid rescue analgesia was used for 11(16.9%) of patients.
Conclusions
For patients who have undergone total hip replacement surgery, epidural analgesia with a bolus epidural infusion of lidocaine and bupivacaine delivers an effective and safe pain control method for 48 hours. This method was effective in opioid sparing.
The Severity of COVID-19 and its Correlation with Inflammation Biomarkers
Authors: Indra Beni , Lipoeto Nur Indrawaty , Hardisman Hardisman , Putra Andani Eka , Tjong Djong Hon , Rahman Sukri , Yusri Elfira , Bilhaq Muhammad Ridho , Pratama Yusan , Risman Yudha 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov2) or Covid-19 has been spread quickly and caused 5 million deaths until February 2022. Severe symptoms of the infection may lead to death that prompt appropriate clinical diagnosis and adequate treatment going to be necessary. Covid-19 shows a severe inflammatory response which causes an imbalance in the immune response. Therefore, circulating biomarkers that can represent inflammation and immune status are potential predictors for the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. This study aims to know the role of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Neutrophil Monocyte Ratio (NMR), and Lymphocyte-monocyte Ratio (LMR) as inflammatory biomarkers for the severity of Covid-19.
Methodology: This study is a single-center retrospective cohort study. The sample of this study was taken by consecutive sampling with complete clinical data from 893 Covid-19 patients from Andalas University Teaching Hospital from April 2020 to September 2021. This study uses SPSS Version 25.0 for data management and analysis.
Result: Most of the degrees of Covid-19 infection were mild degrees as many as 597 people with an NLR average value of 2.07 (0.27-34.50), and NMR average value of 7.86 (3-46), an LMR average value of 3.67 (0.25-25), an ANC value of 3.990 (945-45). 14,608). Most of the degrees of infection in patients with negative PCR results were moderate degrees as many as 70 people with a mean NLR value of 9.0694 (0.51-47.50), a mean NMR value of 18.6199 (1.15-47.50), and a mean LMR was 3.0324 (0.29-19.50), the ANC value was 9769.73 (1.088-37,219). There was a relationship between the degree of Covid-19 infection and the NLR value (p=0.144), as well as the LMR (p=0.000), NMR(p=0.000), and ANC (p=0.000). There was no relationship between the degree of infection in the negative PCR patient group and the NLR value (p=0.000), as well as the LMR (p=0.700), NMR(p=0.120), and ANC (p=0.90).
Conclusion: The severity of Covid-19 symptoms could be predicted through inflammatory biomarkers such as NLR, LMR, and NMR.
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Profiles in Indonesian Athletes
Authors: Achmad Bayu Fandhi , Alim Syahirul , Kusumawati Happy Indah , Fitriawan Akbar Satria , Kurniawan Dedi , Kafil Raisa Farida 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Notwithstanding how physical exercise lessens cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, young and active athletes might have cardiovascular risk factors or fundamental cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), putting them at increased risk for sudden cardiac death during times of strenuous exercise.
AIM: The study aimed to assess the cardiovascular risk profile possessed by Indonesian athletes.
METHODS: This research was a quantitative study using a cross-sectional design, involving 234 Indonesian athletes (163 men and 71 women) from three sports, including football, basketball, and swimming. Data were collected between December 2020 to March 2021 using the Jakarta Cardiovascular Risk Score instrument adapted from the Framingham risk score. Descriptive statistics were utilized to dissect data information for frequency distribution, percentage, mean, and standard deviation.
RESULTS: Most of the participants in this study had excessive weekly exercise duration (more than 255 minutes/week) (n=177 athletes, 75.64%). Twenty-one participants (8.97%) had a higher MAP more than normal, and 51 participants (21.79%) had overweight BMI. In addition, 142 participants (60.68%) had a cardiovascular genetic disease from their parents (family history) and most of the participants also were active smokers (n=150, 64.10%). Based on the Jakarta Cardiovascular Risk Score, the Indonesian athletes who participated in this study had a mean cardiovascular risk of -1.5 (SD= 3.088, min-max= (-7) – 6). Most of the participants had low cardiovascular risk (n= 193, 82.48%). However, some participants had moderate and high cardiovascular risk, 32 (13.67%) and 9 (3.85%), respectively.
CONCLUSION: Most of the participants had low cardiovascular risk, however some of the participants had moderate and high cardiovascular risk.
Trends in the proportion of women as reviewers, editors, and editorial board members of 15 North American and British medical journals from 2014 to 2019: A retrospective study
Authors: Wang Roxanna , Roberts Robin , Fredenburgh James C , Cushman Mary , Weitz Jeffrey I 
Published: July 2022

Background and objective: There is persistent men-dominated gender disparity in medical academia. Predominance of men in the editorial makeup of medical journals might contribute to this inequity. This retrospective study (2014&ndash;2019)
sought to evaluate gender representation in reviewers, editors, and members of the editorial boards in 15 leading medical journals from the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom.
Methods: We surveyed lists of reviewers, editors, and editorial board members from seven journals of internal medicine, a specialty dominated by men; three journals&nbsp; of obstetrics and gynaecology and two of paediatrics, specialties dominated by women; and three journals of psychiatry, a gender-balanced specialty. Information from publicly available resources was used to infer gender, and the percentages of women were calculated. Trends over time were characterized by changes in these percentages from year to year through the linear regression line fitted to the data for each journal.
Results: Journals of women-dominated specialties had significantly higher proportions of women reviewers than those of men-dominated or gender-balanced specialties, with mean percentages (95% confidence interval) of 45.8% (40.5%&ndash;51.1%), 28.0% (22.3%&ndash;33.7%), and 33.8% (27.6%&ndash;40.1%), respectively (p <0.001). The proportion of women editors and editorial board members showed no statistically significant differences across the three specialties, and the percentage of women reviewers, editors, and editorial board members increased only slightly over time.
Conclusion: These results suggest that the fifteen journals are yet to achieve gender parity in their reviewers, editors, and editorial board members, and continued efforts are needed to achieve gender balance in those three groups of medical academia.
Eppur si muove . Circulation transnationale des réformes de l’enseignement supérieur entre organisations internationales et espaces nationaux
Authors: Dakowska Dorota 
Published: July 2022

Cet article propose de réexaminer la thèse de la circulation transnationale des dispositifs d’action publique relatifs à l’enseignement supérieur en prenant en compte à la fois les cadres internationaux de réforme et leur réception dans des espaces nationaux. L’attention portée aux relations entre les organisations internationales (OI) – Conseil de l’Europe, OCDE, UNESCO ainsi que la Commission européenne – permet d’interroger les stratégies qu’elles déploient pour maintenir leur autorité dans un domaine qui relève des prérogatives historiques des États. Le cas de l’enseignement supérieur, secteur d’action publique secondaire dans l’espace transnational, offre un prisme heuristique pour analyser les relations de dépendance des OI vis-à-vis des États et d’autres bailleurs de fonds. Or, la relative fragilité du positionnement des OI dans ce domaine ne les empêche pas de développer des dispositifs ambitieux pour comparer les systèmes nationaux et mesurer leur performance. Les recommandations construites dans l’espace transnational trouvent une résonnance dans les espaces nationaux analysés (français, polonais et ukrainien). C’est cette double énigme que l’article interroge à l’appui d’une enquête empirique multisituée.
The Use of Simulation-Based Education With New Graduate Nurses in Emergency Department and Acute Care Settings: A Scoping Review
Authors: Rutherford-Hemming Tonya , Herrington Alaina , Newsome Lindsey 
Published: July 2022

Background
The literature questions if newly graduated nurses are truly ready to practice at the bedside. Simulation has been shown to bridge the gap between theory and practice. The purpose of this study was to investigate what is known about the use of simulation education with novice graduate nurses in critical care settings in the hospital.

Method
A scoping review was conducted using the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. Articles published in English between 2015 and September 2021 that focused on simulation education with novice graduate nurses in a critical care setting were included.

Results
The review yielded six articles.

Conclusion

The literature is scant on the use of simulation in critical care areas with novice graduate nurses. Additional inquiry is needed related to the role of learners, cost, timing, setting, and educational practices. More studies with stronger research designs and valid and reliable measurement instruments are also needed. Finally, there is a need to better understand the effects of simulation on novice nurse graduates' knowledge and skills as well as patient outcomes.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2022;53(7):301–306.]
La logique est-elle une science de classification ? Sur une crise de la classification dans la logique au xixe siècle
Authors: Chevalier Jean-Marie 
Published: July 2022

La classification relève traditionnellement de l’étude de la logique. Mais à quel titre exactement ? Une réponse consiste à considérer que la logique opère par excellence sur des classes, et qu’à ce titre elle constitue la science générale des classifications. Telle est la conception que véhicule via Porphyre la logique classique d’inspiration scolastique. Le xixe siècle est venu bouleverser ces habitudes. D’une part, les sciences empiriques élaborent des taxinomies indépendantes de la connaissance abstraite ou a priori que peuvent fournir les logiciens, au point que ce sont plutôt ces derniers qui viennent puiser des méthodes dans la chimie, la botanique ou la minéralogie. D’autre part, le développement de la logique symbolique a renouvelé la compréhension de la logique elle-même : sans être une théorie générale de la classification, elle est en revanche susceptible de recourir à une classification de ses objets propres (ensembles, fonctions, symboles, etc.).
Une classification selon l’ordre et la forme : Jules Bourgoin et l’art ornemental
Authors: Boucard Jenny , Eckes Christophe 
Published: July 2022

L’architecte et ornemaniste Jules Bourgoin élabore un vaste projet de classification des motifs ornementaux dans sa Théorie de l’ornement (1873). Dans cet article, nous analysons les principes introduits par Bourgoin pour classer des ornements. Ainsi, Bourgoin s’inspire principalement de la « théorie de l’ordre », intimement liée à l’étude des combinaisons, qui fut introduite par Louis Poinsot à la fin des années 1810 puis développée par Antoine-Augustin Cournot quelques années plus tard. Par ailleurs, dans son projet théorique, Bourgoin se réfère à diverses classifications d’objets issues de domaines scientifiques variés, dont les mathématiques, la cristallographie ainsi que la botanique. Enfin, nous proposons une clarification de l’attitude de Bourgoin à l’égard des sciences formelles et des sciences de la nature et de leurs rapports à l’art ornemental.