bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Avoidant Attachment Style Moderates the Recovery of Healthy Sexuality in Women with Anorexia Nervosa Treated with Enhanced Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT-E): A 2-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Cassioli Emanuele , Rossi Eleonora , Vizzotto Camilla , Malinconi Viola , Vignozzi Linda , Ricca Valdo , Castellini Giovanni 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundInsecure Attachment style has been associated with interpersonal problems in persons with Anorexia Nervosa (AN), and it might moderate the recovery of healthy sexuality in these subjects.AimThe aim of the present 2-year follow-up study was to evaluate the role of insecure attachment style as a moderator of the recovery of healthy sexuality in women with AN.Methods63 Italian women with AN treated with a multidisciplinary approach including Enhanced Cognitive Behavior Therapy were evaluated by means of a clinical interview and self-administered questionnaires. Individual psychotherapy sessions were administered by experienced psychotherapists over the course of at least 40 weeks (median number of sessions = 43, range: 38–50); trained dieticians provided personalized nutritional counselling to facilitate weight recovery. The assessment was performed at baseline (T0) and after 1 (T1) and 2 (T2) years.OutcomesThe administered questionnaires investigated general psychopathology (SCL-90-R), eating disorder-specific psychopathology (EDE-Q), female sexuality (FSFI) and adult attachment style (ECR).ResultsAt baseline, avoidant attachment style was associated with all domains of sexual dysfunction. Longitudinal analysis showed a significant decrease in both eating disorder-specific psychopathology and sexual dysfunctions at follow-up evaluations. However, only 45% of remitted subjects also recovered healthy sexuality: these women reported significantly lower avoidance scores than those who only recovered from AN. Moderation analysis indicated that sexual desire did not increase in participants with higher levels of avoidant attachment.Clinical ImplicationsThese novel findings highlighted the importance of the assessment of adult attachment in the clinical setting, for better characterization and treatment of persons suffering from AN.Strengths & LimitationsThe long follow-up duration, the multidisciplinary nature of the treatment, and the novelty of the topic were major strengths of the study, whereas the limited sample size and the absence of biological data were the main limitations.ConclusionThis study highlighted the crucial role of avoidant attachment in the relationship between AN and sexual dysfunctions, underlining the importance of integrating treatments with attachment-focused interventions.
C.7 Does gender equality exist in the surgical management of degenerative
lumbar disease?
Authors: MacLean MA , Touchette CJ , Han J , Christie SD , Pickett G 
Published: January 2022

Background: Despite efforts toward gender
equality in clinical trial enrollment, females are frequently
underrepresented and gender-specific data analysis is often unavailable. The
purpose of this study was to determine if gender equality exists in the
management of degenerative lumbar disease. Methods: Part 1: A systematic
scoping review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, in order to
synthesize the adult surgical literature regarding gender differences in
pre- and post-operative clinical assessment scores for patients diagnosed
with degenerative lumbar disease.
Part 2: An ambispective cohort analysis (multi-variate logistic
regression) of the Canadian Spine Outcomes Research Network registry was
performed to address knowledge gaps identified in “Part 1”.
Results: Part 1: Thirty articles were identified,
accounting for 32,951 patients. Female patients have worse absolute
pre-operative pain, disability and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL).
Following surgery, females have worse absolute pain, disability, and HRQoL,
but demonstrate an equal or greater interval change compared to
males.
Part 2: Data was analyzed for 5,039 patients. Significant gender
differences in pre-operative utilization of healthcare resources (medication
use, diagnostic testing, medical and allied healthcare professional visits)
were identified. Conclusions: Significant gender
disparities in clinical assessment scores and the pre-operative utilization
of healthcare resources were identified for patients undergoing surgery for
degenerative lumbar disease.
P.014 A Novel Canadian Family with the Rare IVS10+14 Tau Mutation
Authors: Maxwell SP , Cash MK , Rockwood K , Fisk JD , Darvesh S 
Published: January 2022

Background: The IVS10+14 mutation in the
microtubule-associated protein tau gene, MAPT, is
a rare point mutation that dysregulates tau splicing resulting in
pathological aggregation. This mutation has been identified in three
families with severe neurodegenerative disease. We characterized the
clinicopathological features of a fourth, Canadian family with the IVS10+14
MAPT mutation and compared them to previously
reported families. Methods: Clinical and
neuropathological records from three family members with the IVS10+14
MAPT mutation were reviewed.
Neuropathological section from one available case were analyzed.
Results: Considerable interfamilial phenotypic
heterogeneity is reported in all cohorts that express the IVS10+14
MAPT mutation, with prominent motor,
cognitive, behavioural, and respiratory symptoms. The Canadian cohort also
expressed profound sensory and sleep abnormalities, not reported previously.
In the two siblings with available neuropathological records,
neuropathological changes ranged from mild to severe.
Conclusions: All families expressing the IVS10+14
MAPT mutation display striking inter- and
intrafamilial clinical and neuropathologic phenotypic variability. Our
cohort adds sensory and sleep abnormalities as potential symptoms and
illustrates a lack of clear clinicopathological correlates for these
heterogenous symptoms.
Reference: Maxwell et al. 2021. Clinical and
Neuropathological Variability in the Rare IVS10+14 Tau Mutation.
Neurobiology of Aging. In Press. DOI:
10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.01.004.
P.017 Nutritional deficiency: A mysterious case of psychosis and
seizures
Authors: Bashardost L , Arevalo-Astrada M , Jenkins ME 
Published: January 2022

Background: As a neuroactive steroid, vitamin D
is essential for optimal neuronal functioning1. Its
immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects aid in reduction of
proconvulsant cytokines, membrane excitability and seizure
prevention2-3. Deficiency plays an important role
in neurological and psychiatric illnesses, though clinical manifestation
with seizures and psychosis have not been described.
Methods: A 61-year-old female presented with
3-day history of confusion, insomnia and new onset seizure. She was noted to
have poor dentition, deformed nail bed and multiple ecchymosis.
Neurologically, there were brisk reflexes with some spread. She worsened
with frequent seizures and psychosis. Results:
Laboratory investigation showed serum Vitamin D level of 19nmol/L,
hemoglobin of 70g/L. MRI head revealed T2 hyperintensities in bilateral
anterolateral temporal lobes and EEG consistent with bitemporal lobe
epilepsy. Autoimmune and infectious work up were negative. Treatment with
antipsychotics, several antiepileptics, high dose Vitamin-D and iron
supplements were initiated. Initially, she remained unresponsive to
neuro/psych medications. Improvement in clinical symptoms was noticed in
4th week of admission, with complete resolution of
MRI, EEG findings. Conclusions: Evidence surrounding
hypovitaminosis D and risk on the central nervous system continues to grow.
This case highlights the significance of vitamin-D on brain processes and
its neurological manifestations in state of deficiency.
1. Kalueff.A.,2006. 2. Garcion. E, 2003. 3. Eyles, D.,
2013.
P.055 Clinical and Electrophysiological characteristics of
anti-nodal/paranodal antibodies in chronic inflammatory demyelinating
polyradiculoneuropathy patients
Authors: Alsolaihim A , Baker S 
Published: January 2022

Background: CIDP is an autoimmune polyneuropathy.
Antibodies against the Node of Ranvier have been described, NF155,NF140/186
and contactin-1. Methods: A retrospective review of
patients with CIDP who tested positive for anti-nodal/paranodal antibodies
via Western blot were evaluated. We have included 20 sero-negative CIDP
patients. All patients met definite or probable EFNS criteria. clinical,
electrophysiological data and response to treatment were obtained.
Results: Forty-five patients tested positive for
the antibodies. Sixteen were positive for NF155, 11 for NF140, 5 for
CNTN1,11 were double positive for NF155 and NF140, and 3 were triple
positive for NF155, NF140 and CNTN1.
Age of onset was similar in both seronegative (53.9 ± 3.1 yrs.) versus
seropositive (52.3 ± 2.4 yrs.).
Chronic presentation manifested in 85% of seronegative, 80% of
seropositive patients.Intrestingly,all triple-positive patients presented
with a more acute presentation (i.e,<8 wks.)
7/20 seronegative (35%),1/16 NF155, 6/11 NF140,1/5 contactin, 2/11 of
double-positive, 3/3 of triple-positive (28%,13/46) responded to IVIg.
Conclusions: No major clinical or
electrophysiological differences between groups. triple-positive patients
showed 100% response to IVIg.These results cast doubt on the specificity of
the Western blot as a clinico-electrophysiologic discriminator. Future
testing with cell-based assays will likely provide a robust measure that
will guide treatment decision.
P.062 Does the intensity of brain parenchymal contrast staining on
post-recanalization dual energy head CT (DECT) of stroke patients predict
the fate of brain tissue?
Authors: Alomran B , Byrne D , Walsh J , Murray N , Settecase F , Rohr B , Rohr A 
Published: January 2022

Background: On DECT, the ratio of maximum iodine
concentration within parenchyma compared to the superior sagittal sinus has
been shown to predict hemorrhagic transformation. We aimed to determine if
this ratio also predicts the development of an infarct.
Methods: 53 patients with small infarct cores
(ASPECTS≥7) and good endovascular recanalization (mTICI 2b/3) were enrolled.
Maximum brain parenchymal iodine concentration as per DECT relative to the
superior sagittal sinus (iodine ratio) was correlated with the development
of an infarct on follow up CT. Results: All patients
showed contrast staining, 52 developed infarcts in the area of staining. The
extent of infarction (smaller, equal or larger than area of staining) did
not correlate with the iodine ratio. Conclusions:
Brain parenchyma with contrast staining on post-procedure head CT almost
invariably goes on to infarct, however the extent of infarct development is
not predicted by the intensity of contrast staining.
n=53 patients with successful recanalization of anterior
circulation LVO infarct (TICI2b,3) with post procedural parenchymal
iodine staining
There was no correlation between the degree of contrast staining on
initial post procedural CT as expressed in iodine ratio and F/U infarct
extent.
Direct numerical simulation of turbulent mass transfer at the surface of an open channel flow
Authors: Pinelli Michele , Herlina H. , Wissink J.G. , Uhlmann M. 
Published: January 2022

We present direct numerical simulation results of turbulent open channel flow at bulk Reynolds numbers up to 12 000, coupled with (passive) scalar transport at Schmidt numbers up to 200. Care is taken to capture the very large-scale motions which appear already for relatively modest Reynolds numbers. The transfer velocity at the flat, free surface is found to scale with the Schmidt number to the power ‘$-1/2$’, in accordance with previous studies and theoretical predictions for uncontaminated surfaces. The scaling of the transfer velocity with Reynolds number is found to vary, depending on the Reynolds number definition used. To compare the present results with those obtained in other systems, we define a turbulent Reynolds number at the edge of the surface-influenced layer. This allows us to probe the two-regime model of Theofanouset al.(Intl J. Heat Mass Transfer, vol. 19, 1976, pp. 613–624), which is found to correctly predict that small-scale vortices significantly affect the mass transfer for turbulent Reynolds numbers larger than 500. It is further established that the root mean square of the surface divergence is, on average, proportional to the mean transfer velocity. However, the spatial correlation between instantaneous surface divergence and transfer velocity tends to decrease with increasing Schmidt number and increase with increasing Reynolds number. The latter is shown to be caused by an enhancement of the correlation in high-speed regions, which in turn is linked to the spatial distribution of surface-parallel vortices.
The unsteady force response of an accelerating flat plate with controlled spanwise bending
Authors: Joshi Kamlesh , Bhattacharya Samik 
Published: January 2022

The unsteady force response of an accelerating flat plate, subjected to controlled spanwise bending, is investigated experimentally. The flat plate was held normal to the flow (at an angle of attack of

$90^{\circ }$

), and it was dynamically bent along the spanwise direction with the help of internal actuation. Two bending directions were tested. In one case, part of the plate (denoted by flexion ratio) was bent into the incoming flow (the bend-down configuration). In another case, the plate was bent away from the flow (the bend-up configuration). We used two different aspect ratio (

$AR$

) plates, namely

$AR = 2$

and 3. Three acceleration numbers, namely

$A_c = 0.57$

, 1.6 and 3.2 (corresponding to dimensional acceleration of 0.036, 0.1 and 0.2 m s

$^{-2}$

, respectively) were tested with a fixed terminal Reynolds number (Re) of 18 000. For each acceleration number, three bending durations, namely 1.2, 2.4 and 3.6 s were implemented. The results indicate that the highest impulse was imparted by the highest bending rate (duration 1.2 s) during all three accelerations tested. We show that controlled spanwise bending can significantly change the unsteady force response by manipulating the inertial forces during a start-up manoeuvre. The unsteady forces depend on the vector sum of the forward acceleration and the bending acceleration of the plate. The unsteady drag was augmented when the plate was bent towards the incoming flow. The initial force peaks were significantly reduced when the bending direction was reversed. The development of the edge vortices from the flat plate was measured with the help of particle image velocimetry (PIV) at the 70 % and the 90 % span locations. The PIV measurements were also carried out at the midchord plane closer to the tip region to capture the growth of the tip vortex. The vorticity field calculated from these PIV measurements revealed that controlled bending contributed to a variation in the circulation growth of the edge vortices. During the bend-down case, the circulation growth was faster and the tip vortices stayed closer to the plate. This resulted in increased interaction with the edge vortex at the 90 % span. This interaction was more severe for

$AR = 2$

. During the bend-up case, the growth of the edge vortex was delayed, but the vortex grew for a longer time compared with the bend-down case. Finally, a mathematical model is presented which correctly captured the trend of the force histories measured experimentally during both the bend-up and bend-down cases.
Non-use of modern contraceptives among women in humanitarian contexts: evidence from a qualitative study in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Ononokpono Dorothy Ngozi , Usoro Nsidibe Akpan , Akpabio Emmanuel Matthew 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe continuing conflict situation in Nigeria have created over 2 million displaced persons. In 2019, women and children accounted for about 80% of the internally displaced population in the country. Displacement increases the need for reproductive health services. This study explored the reasons for non-use of modern contraceptives among forcibly displaced Bakassi women in Akwa Ibom State, southern Nigeria. Focus group discussions were used to collect data from a convenience sample of 40 women of reproductive age (15–49 years) in two makeshift resettlement camps in the region in January and February 2020. Data were analysed using a qualitative inductive approach, with thematic organization and analysis of the transcribed responses from the focus group discussions. The findings revealed that many of the women were not using modern contraceptives at the time of the study, and the major reasons they gave for non-use were misconceptions, costs, religious beliefs, desire for more children and the inaccessibility and unavailability of contraceptive services. The use of family planning services can be a life-saving intervention in unstable, crisis environments. Programme implementation to address non-use of contraceptive services among women in crisis contexts should target social norm change, reproductive health education, empowerment programmes and health service provision.
Caesarean deliveries, subsequent reproductive behaviour and children ever born in India
Authors: Mishra Rakesh , Goli Srinivas , Chakravorty Swastika , Rammohan Anu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAgainst the backdrop of the alarming rise in Caesarean section (C-section) births in India, this study aimed to examine the association between C-section births, fertility decline and female sterilization in the country. A cross-sectional design was used to investigate the association between C-section delivery and subsequent reproductive behaviour in women in India. Data were from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4). The study sample comprised 255,726 currently married women in the age group of 15–49 years. The results showed a strong positive relationship between C-section births and female sterilization. The predicted probabilities (PP) from the multivariate regression model indicated a higher chance of female sterilization in women with C-section births (PP = 0.39,p<0.01) compared with those with non-C-section births (PP = 0.20,p<0.01). Both state-level correlation plots and Poisson regression estimates showed a strong negative relationship between C-section births and mean children ever born (CEB). Based on the results, it may be concluded that the use of C-sections and sterilization were strongly correlated in India at the time of the NFHS-4, thus together contributing to fertility decline. A strong negative association was found between the occurrence of C-sections and CEB. The increased and undesired use of C-section births and consequent female sterilization is a regressive socio-demographic process that often violates women’s rights. Fertility decline should happen through informed choice of family planning and must protect the reproductive rights of women.
Commercial fishing, Inuit rights, and internal colonialism in Nunavut
Authors: Bernauer Warren 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper considers the degree to which the concept of ‘internal colonialism’ accurately describes the political economy of Nunavut’s commercial fisheries. Offshore fisheries adjacent to Nunavut were initially dominated by institutions based in southern Canada, and most economic benefits were captured by southern jurisdictions. Decades of political struggle have resulted in Nunavut establishing a role for itself in both the management of offshore resources and the operation of the offshore fishing industry. However, key decisions about fishery management are made by the federal government, and many benefits from Nunavut’s offshore fisheries continue to accrue to southern jurisdictions. The concept of internal colonialism is therefore a useful concept for understanding the historical development and contemporary conflicts over offshore fisheries. By contrast, Nunavut’s inshore fisheries were established as community development initiatives intended to promote economic well-being and stability. While inshore fisheries primarily benefit Inuit community economies, the growth of inshore fisheries has been hampered by small profit margins, inadequate marine infrastructure, and a dearth of baseline data. The federal government’s failure to support the expansion of inshore fisheries is a manifestation of internal colonialism, insofar as it reflects an unequal distribution of public infrastructure and research.
What Curbs Social Investment? The Effect of Foreign Electoral Outcomes on Childcare Expenditure Levels
Authors: TONELLI SIMONE 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study aims to deepen our understanding of social investment expansion proposing a political learning mechanism to link existing institutional and political explanations. When resources are limited, increased spending in social investment often comes at the expense of politically costly retrenchment of established social insurance policies. Previous studies suggest that this trade-off results in existing entitlements crowding out new policies, and that party ideology plays less of a role in determining social policy expansion. I argue that this is because parties face an electoral dilemma, as individual preferences for social investment and social insurance have been shown to differ between groups that partly overlap in their voting behaviour. Applying a policy diffusion framework to the analysis of childcare expenditure, this study proposes that policymakers learn from the political consequences of past decisions made by their foreign counterparts and update their policy choice accordingly. The econometric analysis of OECD data on childcare expenditure shows that governments tend to make spending decisions that follow those of ideologically similar cabinets abroad and that left-wing governments with a divided electorate tend to reduce childcare expenditure if a previous expansionary decision of a foreign incumbent is followed by an electoral defeat. The findings have implications for the study of the politics of social policy development.
Prescription medication use after congenital heart surgery
Authors: Raissadati Alireza , Haukka Jari , Pätilä Tommi , Nieminen Heta , Jokinen Eero 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground:Improvements in mortality after congenital heart surgery have necessitated a shift in focus to postoperative morbidity as an outcome measure. We examined late morbidity after congenital heart surgery based on prescription medication use.Methods:Between 1953 and 2009, 10,635 patients underwent congenital heart surgery at <15 years of age in Finland. We obtained 4 age-, sex-, birth-time, and hospital district-matched controls per patient. The Social Insurance Institution of Finland provided data on all prescription medications obtained between 1999 and 2012 by patients and controls. Patients were assigned one diagnosis based on a hierarchical list of cardiac defects and dichotomised into simple and severe groups. Medications were divided into short- and long-term based on indication. Follow-up started at the first operation and ended at death, emigration, or 31 December, 2012.Results:Totally, 8623 patients met inclusion criteria. Follow-up was 99.9%. In total, 8126 (94%) patients required prescription medications. Systemic anti-bacterials were the most common short-term prescriptions among patients (93%) and controls (88%). Patients required betablockers (simple hazard ratio 1.9, 95% confidence interval 1.7–2.1; severe hazard ratio 6.5, 95% confidence interval 5.3–8.1) and diuretics (simple hazard ratio 3.2, 95% CI 2.8–3.7; severe hazard ratio 38.8, 95% CI 27.5–54.7) more often than the general population. Both simple and severe defects required medication for cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, psychiatric, neurologic, metabolic, autoimmune, and infectious diseases more often than the general population.Conclusions:The significant risk for postoperative cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular disease warrants close long-term follow-up after congenital heart surgery for all defects.