bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of ownership structure on the extent of CSR reporting: An emerging market study
Authors: Al Fadli Amer , Sands John , Jones Gregory , Beattie Claire , Pensiero Dom 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo examine how different ownership structures, varying from diverse ownership bases to narrow ownership bases, influence the extent of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting by companies in emerging market. The motivation for this study is the reported inconsistent results for this association in developing countries and the lack of research in emerging markets. Eight hundred observations of 80 nonfinancial sector listed companies in the Amman Stock Exchange for the period 2006 to 2015 were used for a content analysis to assess the extent of CSR reporting. Ordinary least square multiple regression analysis was undertaken to examine the association between five different ownership structures and their extent of CSR reporting. The results reveal three separate associations between the types of ownership and the extent of CSR reporting. First, the two types of ownership (foreign and government) have a significant and positive influence on the extent of CSR reporting. Second, another two types of ownership (Family and managerial) have a significantly negative association. Finally, institutional ownership has an insignificant and negligible influence on the extent of CSR reporting. These findings provide insights into how ownership structure influences the CSR reporting extent by emerging market companies such as Jordan. These findings suggest that policy makers, regulatory bodies, companies, and investors should increase their awareness about how different concentration of company ownership influences the extent companies voluntarily disclose CSR reporting. The evidence adds to the limited body of knowledge about different ownership groups' influence on the extent of CSR reporting in a developing country because few empirical studies have undertaken such a comprehensive analysis of this association.
‘Good Intentions’ that ‘Do Harm’: Canada's state multiculturalism policy in the case of Black Canadians
Authors: Kihika Maureen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis essay identifies Canada's recognition of the United Nations Declaration for People of African Descent (UNDPAD) as a multiculturalist iteration. In this scope, the essay discusses the Community Support, Multiculturalism and Anti‐Racism Initiatives (CSMARI) program as a central element of state multiculturalism, through which Canada plans to meet commitments to Black Canadians—and by extension, the UNDPAD. Although the CSMARI program is well intended, it causes harm to Black Canadians by reinscribing stereotyped material lack and other forms of racialized scarcity. Rather than address longstanding social‐economic histories that sustain racialized poverty, state multiculturalism policy inadvertently reinforces these. The CSMARI program's focus on material lack as opposed to the systemic aspects that underpin these, amplifies Canada's multicultural myth of inclusivity while leaving unquestioned the cultural barriers that block Black citizens. State multiculturalism policy maintains the status quo by commodifying and depoliticizing anti‐racism, while also neutralizing the language of naming experiences of exclusion. This essay adapts an anti‐Black racism feminist theory to recast state multiculturalism as, implicitly, a cause of harm. The paper questions ‘good intentions’ that ‘do harm’ as a critical reflection that speaks to the dissonance expressed by Black Canadians, despite state multiculturalism policy.
Activation of the pattern recognition receptor NOD1 in periodontitis impairs the osteogenic capacity of human periodontal ligament stem cells via p38/MAPK signalling
Authors: He Yuying , Wu Zuping , Chen Sirui , Wang Jiahe , Zhu Li , Xie Jing , Zhou Chenchen , Zou Shujuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesNucleotide oligomerization domain receptor 1 (NOD1) mediates host recognition of pathogenic bacteria in periodontium. However, the specific role of NOD1 in regulating osteogenesis is unclear. Therefore, this study focused on the activation status of NOD1 in periodontitis and its effect on the osteogenic capacity of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) as well as the underlying mechanism.MethodsHistological staining and Western blot were utilized to assess NOD1 expression in the periodontium of people with or without periodontitis. HPDLSCs were cultured under NOD1 agonist or antagonist treatment. Q‐PCR and Western blot were employed to assess the expression of osteogenic marker genes and proteins. Alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase staining were used to determine the osteogenic capability of hPDLSCs. The activation of downstream signalling was determined and specific inhibitors were utilized to confirm the signalling pathway in NOD1‐regulated osteogenesis.ResultsNOD1 expression is significantly elevated in periodontitis. With NOD1 activated by particular agonist tri‐DAP, the osteogenic potential of hPDLSCs was impaired. NOD1 antagonist co‐incubation partially restored the decreased osteogenesis in hPDLSCs. P38/MAPK was phosphorylated in tri‐DAP‐induced NOD1 activation. The inhibitor of p38 rescued the suppression of osteogenesis induced by tri‐DAP in hPDLSCs.ConclusionsOur study revealed the expression status of NOD1 in periodontitis. Its activation greatly decreased the osteogenic capacity of hPDLSCs which was mediated by the phosphorylation of p38 downstream signalling.
An untargeted metabolomics analysis of exogenous chemicals in human milk and transfer to the infant
Authors: Thomas Sydney , Gauglitz Julia M. , Tripathi Anupriya , Vargas Fernando , Bertrand Kerri , Kim Jae H. , Chambers Christina , Dorrestein Pieter C. , Tsunoda Shirley M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHuman milk is the optimal infant nutrition. However, although human‐derived metabolites (such as lipids and oligosaccharides) in human milk are regularly reported, the presence of exogenous chemicals (such as drugs, food, and synthetic compounds) are often not addressed. To understand the types of exogenous compounds that might be present, human milk (n = 996) was analyzed by untargeted metabolomics. This analysis revealed that lifestyle molecules, such as medications and their metabolites, and industrial sources, such as plasticizers, cosmetics, and other personal care products, are found in human milk. We provide further evidence that some of these lifestyle molecules are also detectable in the newborn's stool. Thus, this study gives important insight into the types of exposures infants receiving human milk might ingest due to the lifestyle choices, exposure, or medical status of the lactating parent.
High‐commitment HRM, organizational engagement, and deviant workplace behaviors: The moderating role of person‐organization fit
Authors: Mostafa Ahmed Mohammed Sayed , Boon Corine , Abouarghoub Wessam , Cai Ziming 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between perceptions of high‐commitment HRM, person‐organization (P‐O) fit, organizational engagement, and deviant workplace behaviors. Drawing on social exchange theory (SET) and P‐O fit theory, a mediated moderation model is proposed in which P‐O fit moderates the relationship between high‐commitment HRM and organizational engagement, which, in turn, relates to deviant behaviors. Using two multilevel multisource datasets, from a shipping management company (Study 1) and an international seaport (Study 2), the results of generalized multilevel structural equation modeling (GSEM) revealed that the relationship between high‐commitment HRM and deviant behaviors was mediated by organizational engagement. Furthermore, a significant indirect relationship was found from high‐commitment HRM perceptions to deviant behaviors through organizational engagement for low, but not for high, P‐O fit. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Designing international public sector accounting standards: An analysis of constituents’ participation through comment letters
Authors: Bisogno Marco , Manes‐Rossi Francesca , Sicilia Mariafrancesca 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHarmonization of public sector accounting is attracting increasing attention from scholars and practitioners. A focal component of this phenomenon is the setting of accounting standards, whose legitimacy is paramount to their application. As participation by constituents is considered fundamental for ensuring this legitimacy, in this study, we focus on participation through comment letters in the due process. In particular, we explore the type of respondents, their geographical area, their agreement/disagreement with the documents prepared by the International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) and the issues of importance to them, through an analysis of the comment letters submitted for six projects launched over the period 2017–2020 by the IPSASB. Furthermore, we analyze some factors that may affect countries’ participation in the due process. The analysis enriches our understanding of the IPSASB's due process and provides relevant insights for the growing research into accounting standard‐setting.
Densification behaviors of Al2O3 ceramics during flash sintering
Authors: Yang Sirui , Yang Shoulei , Pang Rui , Zhao Xin , Fan Lei , Zhang Mengwen , An Linan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe densification behaviors of MgO‐doped‐Al2O3 ceramics in the flashing stage and the steady stage were investigated using the classic kinetic model. The results show that the most densification of MgO‐doped Al2O3 was completed during the flashing stage. The densification mechanism transferred from particle rearrangement resulted from Columbic force among particles under the effect of electrical field in the flashing stage to the lattice diffusion in the steady stage. Therefore, the densification rate in the steady stage dramatically decreased. Additionally, the estimated densification activation energy in the steady stage of flash sintering is 396 kJ/mol, much lower than the activation densification of lattice diffusion measured from conventional sintering, likely due to the effect of electric field/current‐induced point defects on the diffusion.
Fabrication and characterizations of Tb3Al5O12‐based magneto‐optical ceramics
Authors: Li Xiaoying , Zhang Lixuan , Hu Dianjun , Zhu Danyang , Chen Penghui , Dai Zhengfa , Wu Lexiang , Xie Tengfei , Chen Haohong , Liu Qiang , Li Jiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTransparent terbium aluminum garnet (TAG)‐based ceramics were fabricated by vacuum pre‐sintering and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) posttreatment from the co‐precipitated TAG powders with different stoichiometric ratios. After component optimization, the transparent ceramics with TAG single‐phase and attractive optical quality were obtained. The in‐line transmittance of optimal Tb(1+x)3(Al0.996255Si0.003745)5O12.0093625+3x/2 (x = −.004, −.002) ceramics (1.7‐mm thick) pre‐sintered at 1700°C for 20 h with HIP posttreatment at 1700°C for 3 h under 176‐MPa Ar reaches 82.6% at the wavelength of 1064 nm. With increasing terbium components, the secondary phase TAP appears in ceramics, which significantly degrades the optical quality of TAG‐based ceramics. The Verdet constant of the TAG‐based ceramics at 632.8 nm is about −181 rad T−1 m−1 at room temperature, which is about 33% higher than that of the TGG single crystals (−134 rad T−1 m−1).
Epigenetics: An opportunity to shape innate and adaptive immune responses
Authors: Liotti Antonietta , Ferrara Anne Lise , Loffredo Stefania , Galdiero Maria Rosaria , Varricchi Gilda , Di Rella Francesca , Maniscalco Giorgia Teresa , Belardo Martina , Vastano Roberta , Prencipe Rosaria , Pignata Laura , Romano Roberta , Spadaro Giuseppe , de Candia Paola , Pezone Antonio , De Rosa Veronica 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEpigenetics connects genetic and environmental factors: it includes DNA methylation, histone post‐translational modifications and the regulation of chromatin accessibility by non‐coding RNAs, all of which control constitutive or inducible gene transcription. This plays a key role in harnessing the transcriptional programs of both innate and adaptive immune cells due to its plasticity and environmental‐driven nature, piloting myeloid and lymphoid cell fate decisions with no change in their genomic sequence. In particular, epigenetic marks at the site of lineage‐specific transcription factors and maintenance of cell type‐specific epigenetic modifications, referred to as ‘epigenetic memory’, dictate cell differentiation, cytokine production and functional capacity following repeated antigenic exposure in memory T cells. Moreover, metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming occurring during a primary innate immune response leads to enhanced responses to secondary challenges, a phenomenon known as ‘trained immunity’. Here, we discuss how stable and dynamic epigenetic states control immune cell identity and plasticity in physiological and pathological conditions. Dissecting the regulatory circuits of cell fate determination and maintenance is of paramount importance for understanding the delicate balance between immune cell activation and tolerance, in healthy conditions and in autoimmune diseases.
Ta(B, C, N) and (Ta, Mi)(B, C, N) (Mi = Nb, W) ceramics by high‐energy ball milling: processing and solution mechanisms
Authors: Guan Jingyi , Li Daxin , Yang Zhihua , Wang Bingzhu , Jia Dechang , Zhou Yu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn order to study the solid‐solution process between amorphous BCN and metal Ta, Ta(B, C, N), (Ta, Nb)(B, C, N), and (Ta, W)(B, C, N) ceramics were prepared by high‐energy ball milling, and their phase composition, microstructures, and binding bonds have been analyzed. The results show that all the three ceramics are hard agglomeration state, formed by stacking of nanoparticles. The mechanical alloying process is accompanied by the formation of chemical bonds, such as B–Ta, N–Ta, C–Ta, and O–Ta for Ta(B, C, N) ceramic, and the order of solid solution is C > N > B. When heated at 1500°C, a second diboride phase precipitates from (Ta, Nb)(B, C, N) ceramic, whereas the second phase of WC gradually dissolved from (Ta, W)(B, C, N) ceramic. This work provides theoretical and data supporting to analyze the solid‐solution process of Ta(B, C, N) ceramic.
Dissecting learning tactics in MOOC using ordered network analysis
Authors: Fan Yizhou , Tan Yuanru , Raković Mladen , Wang Yeyu , Cai Zhiqiang , Shaffer David Williamson , Gašević Dragan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSelect and enact appropriate learning tactics that advance learning has been considered a critical set of skills to successfully complete highly flexible online courses, such as Massive open online courses (MOOCs). However, limited by analytic methods that have been used in the past, such as frequency distribution, sequence mining and process mining, we lack a deep, complete and detailed understanding of the learning tactics used by MOOC learners.ObjectivesIn the present study, we proposed four major dimensions to better interpret and understand learning tactics, which are frequency, continuity, sequentiality and role of learning actions within tactics. The aim of this study was to examine to what extent can a new analytic technique, the ordered network analysis (ONA), deepen the understanding of MOOC learning tactics compared to using other methods.MethodsIn particular, we performed a fine‐grained analysis of learning tactics detected from more than 4 million learning events in the behavioural trace data of 8788 learners who participated in a large‐scale MOOC ‘Flipped Classroom’.Results and ConclusionsWe detected eight learning tactics, and then chose one typical tactic as an example to demonstrate how the ONA technique revealed all four dimensions and provided deeper insights into this MOOC learning tactic. Most importantly, based on the comparison with different methods such as process mining, we found that the ONA method provided a unique opportunity and novel insight into the roles of different learning actions in tactics which was neglected in the past.TakeawayIn summary, we conclude that ONA is a promising technique that can benefit the research on learning tactics, and ultimately benefit MOOC learners by strengthening the strategic support.
One night of sleep deprivation induces release of small extracellular vesicles into circulation and promotes platelet activation by small EVs
Authors: Wang Chongyue , Li Lulu , Yang Chao , Zhang Zhaoqiang , Li Xiao , Wang Yun , Lv Xiang , Qi Xufeng , Song Guohua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as key players in intercellular communication. Few studies have focused on EV levels in subjects with sleep disorders. Here, we aimed to explore the role of acute sleep deprivation on the quantity and functionality of circulating EVs, and their tissue distribution. EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation from the plasma of volunteers and animals undergoing one night of sleep deprivation. Arterio‐venous shunt, FeCl3 thrombus test and thrombin‐induced platelet aggregation assay were conducted to evaluate the in vivo and in vitro bioactivity of small EVs. Western blotting was performed to measure the expression of EV proteins. The fate and distribution of circulating small EVs were determined by intravital imaging. We found that one night of sleep deprivation triggers release of small EVs into the circulation in both healthy individuals and animals. Injection of sleep deprivation‐liberated small EVs into animals increased thrombus formation and weight in thrombosis models. Also, sleep deprivation‐liberated small EVs promoted platelet aggregation induced by thrombin. Mechanistically, sleep deprivation increased the levels of HMGB1 protein in small EVs, which play important roles in platelet activation. Furthermore, we found sleep deprivation‐liberated small EVs are more readily localize in the liver. These data suggested that one night of sleep deprivation is a stress for small EV release, and small EVs released here may increase the risk of thrombosis. Further, small EVs may be implicated in long distance signalling during sleep deprivation‐mediated adaptation processes.
Housing Rents and Inflation Rates
Authors: AMBROSE BRENT W. , COULSON N. EDWARD , YOSHIDA JIRO 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper develops a quality‐adjusted measure of marginal housing rents using a monthly statistic of landlord net rental income. The marginal rent index (MRI) exhibits deflation during recessions and leads the official rent index by 7 months. The modified inflation rate based on MRI suggests that the annual official inflation rate was overestimated by 1.7–4.1% during the Great Recession but underestimated by 0.3–0.7% during the subsequent expansionary period.
Cross‐country data on skills and the quality of schooling: A selective survey
Authors: de la Fuente Ángel , Doménech Rafael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractScores in standardized international student achievement tests and some recent adult literacy studies provide interesting data on the quality of educational outputs and on the skill level of the population that can be a useful complement to the data on the quantity of schooling which have been most commonly used in the growth literature. This paper describes the most recent available primary data on the subject, reviews different attempts to organize, standardize, and summarize them, and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the existing indicators and their potential usefulness as explanatory variables in empirical analyses of the determinants of income and welfare levels and growth rates. A final section investigates the distribution of these indicators across a sample of 21 OECD countries.
Low erythrocyte folate levels and increased risk of invasive cervical cancer in Chinese women
Authors: Jiang Yucen , Huang Xuan , Liang Ping , Qian Hong , Yu Jia , Guan Chaojiao , Han Shuang , Tong Xiao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate the relationship between erythrocyte folate levels and cervical lesions.MethodsUsing a case–control method, patients with cervical lesions from September 2021 to February 2022 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiangnan University Hospital were selected as study subjects. After cervical biopsy, 40 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) CIN3 and 65 cases of cervical cancer as case group. The normal population of 120 cases attending the same period served as the control group. A competitive model was used to establish a chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) for human erythrocyte folate. Erythrocyte folate levels of 225 subjects were determined.ResultsSerum folate levels were 7.82 ± 3.13, 8.04 ± 3.58, and 7.58 ± 4.30 ng/ml in the control, CIN3, and cervical cancer groups, with no statistically significant differences (p = 0.959). Erythrocyte folate levels were 307.27 ± 122.95, 306.52 ± 189.77, and 285.42 ± 125.74 ng/ml, respectively, with statistically significant differences (p = 0.03).ConclusionsIn a population of middle‐aged Chinese women, the lower the erythrocyte folate value, the greater the risk of cervical cancer. In addition, serum folate levels were not associated with cervical lesions.
Pervasive and diffuse muscle activity during REM sleep and non‐REM sleep characterises multiple system atrophy in comparison with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Silvani Alessandro , Baldelli Luca , Giannini Giulia , Guaraldi Pietro , Sambati Luisa , Cecere Annagrazia , Mignani Francesco , Cortelli Pietro , Calandra‐Buonaura Giovanna , Provini Federica 
Published: August 2022

SummaryMultiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's disease (PD) may share overlapping features particularly at early disease stage, including sleep alterations, but have profoundly different prognoses. Certain sleep phenomena and disorders of motor control are more prevalent in multiple system atrophy, such as REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD). We quantitatively tested whether pervasive muscle activity during sleep occurs in subjects with multiple system atrophy versus Parkinson's disease. Laboratory polysomnographic studies were performed in 50 consecutive subjects with Parkinson's disease and 26 age‐ and gender‐matched subjects with multiple system atrophy at <5 years from disease onset. The distributions of normalised electromyographic activity of submentalis, wrist extensor, and tibialis anterior muscles in different wake–sleep states during the night were analysed. Subjects with multiple system atrophy had significantly higher activity of submentalis, wrist extensor, and tibialis anterior muscles than subjects with Parkinson's disease during non‐REM sleep, including separately in stages N1, N2, and N3, and during REM sleep, but not during nocturnal wakefulness. The activity of wrist extensor and tibialis anterior muscles during non‐REM sleep and the activity of tibialis anterior muscles during REM sleep were also significantly higher in subjects with multiple system atrophy and RBD than in subjects with Parkinson's disease and RBD. In conclusion, with respect to Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy is characterised by a pervasive and diffuse muscle overactivity that involves axial and limb muscles and occurs not only during REM sleep, but also during non‐REM sleep and between subjects with comorbid RBD.