bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Household Fuel Choice in Urban Kenya: A Multinomial Logit Analysis
Authors: Waweru David , Mose Naftaly 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study applied a logistic regression model to determine the odds ratio of selecting clean versus unclean energy as the main household fuel choice. This study also undertook to establish the coefficients of the factors determining household fuel energy choice. A large microeconomic dataset from KIPPRA’s comprehensive study and analysis on fuel use patterns in Kenya (2010) was employed to carry out the analysis. This study employed a multinomial logit regression model to determine the fuel choices and patterns of cooking fuels in urban Kenyan households. The results showed that in addition to income, there are several socio-demographic factors such as education, gender, and age that were important in determining household fuel choice. To encourage clean fuel use, the authorities should carry out public education campaigns, and ensure the availability of these fuels in all areas to avoid harmful effects of biomass fuels and kerosene, and more modern and efficient appliances should be made available at affordable rates to ensure more efficient use of these forms of clean energy.
Public Procurement Corruption in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Kosorić Dragana , Zuko Muamera 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Public procurement system, which is being implemented in Bosnia and Herzegovina, is an integrated system that includes a large number of actors. This system is described, including the identified competencies and responsibilities of all participants, by law and bylaws. And, corruption is one of the social phenomena whose definitions change in time and space. Many behaviors that are considered corruption today have been an integral part of regular behavior in the past.
Does Debt Have Threshold Effects on Medium-Term Growth? Evidence from European Union Countries
Authors: Fir Nejc 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Debt has become an important factor in economic activity and its extent has incentivized many researchers to incorporate it into contemporary growth models. On the positive side, debt has the ability to smoothen private consumption, firms’ investment and government expenditure in relation to their corresponding income, subsequently leading to better capital allocation. However, the history of debt defaults and lessons from European sovereign debt crises, which were accompanied by strict austerity measures, have warned us about the danger of debt overhang and unsustainable debt burdens. This paper tackles the question of the existence of a turning point, at which the negative effects of debt start to prevail in the economic process. In the sample of European Union countries in the period from 1995 to 2019, the author of this paper investigated the presence of threshold effects of government, non-financial corporate and household debt on medium-term growth following the paper by Mika and Žumer (2017). The author first confirmed the concave-shaped relationship between public debt and growth with a threshold of 111.6% of GDP, based on Eurostat debt-to-GDP data. In contrast, private debt was found to have first lag effects with an accompanied convex-shaped relationship between private debt and growth and with a corresponding threshold of 149.8% of GDP. Next, the author divided private debt into non-financial corporate and household debt to investigate a more detailed relationship between debt and growth. Corresponding to the Global Debt Database, the concave-shaped relationship between public debt and growth was confirmed with a threshold of 104.8% of GDP. Both of the investigated types of private debt confirmed the previously explored lagged impact on medium-term growth and a convex-shaped relationship between non-financial corporate and household debt and growth. The threshold of non-financial corporate debt stands at 138.3% of GDP, while that for household debt is 145.1% of GDP. Considering the presence of thresholds may offer an important message to economic policymakers, as timely and suitable governance can lead to either higher economic growth or prevent adverse effects of excessive indebtedness.
Does Entrepreneurial Risk-Taking Affect the Business Performance of Micro-Enterprises? Evidence from Skikda in Algeria
Authors: Messikh Ayoub 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
According to several previous studies, entrepreneurial risk-taking is an important aspect that can lead to prospective business opportunities, hence improving entrepreneurial outcomes such as enterprise performance. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the extent and degree of impact of entrepreneurial risk-taking (ERT) as one of the dimensions of entrepreneurial mindset on the performance of micro enterprises in Skikda, Algeria. Based on a self-administered survey questionnaire, data were collected from a random sample of 142 micro-enterprises in Skikda. The study adopted descriptive, correlation, and regression analyses to estimate the impact of entrepreneurial risk-taking. collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 22) programme. The findings demonstrate that entrepreneurial risk-taking significantly affects the performance of micro enterprises in Skikda. Of the total variance of the performance of micro enterprise’s, 9.2% can be explained by the variability of entrepreneurial risk-taking. A small percentage is expected and can partly be explained by the presence of other factors that affect the performance of these enterprises as well as the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the process of economic activity and available business opportunities worldwide, especially these very small enterprises. However, the presence of this positive impact calls for a focus on raising the risk-taking spirit of existing and potential Algerian entrepreneurs, by holding conferences, forums and entrepreneurial programmes that enhance and support this characteristic of the entrepreneurial mindset.
Study on Gas Adsorption Properties (N2, H2, O2, NO, NO2, CO, CO2, SO2, H2S, H2O and NH3) on the O-vacancy-containing Sc2CO2 Monolayer
Authors: Khang Pham Dinh , Hai Luong Le , Hong Nguyen Thi Tham , Tuan Vu Van 
Published: July 2022

In this work, we have studied the (N2, H2, O2, NO, NO2, CO, CO2, SO2, H2S, H2O, and NH3) gases adsorption properties on the O-vacancy-containing Sc2CO2 monolayer by first-principles calculations. We have determined the preferred adsorption positions and the structural features of the O-vacancy-containing Sc2CO2 monolayer after adsorption of different gas molecules. The adsorption energy and charge transfer from the monolayer to the gas molecules have been calculated. The calculated results show that H2, N2, NH3, H2S and H2O molecules are physisorbed, while CO2, CO, NO2, NO, O2 and SO2 molecules are chemisorbed in the neighboring area of the O-vacancy of the Sc2CO2 monolayer. The existence of the O-vacancy significantly enhances the CO and CO2 adsorption intensity of the defect Sc2CO2 monolayer compared to the original Sc2CO2 monolayer. Our results show that the O-vacancy-containing Sc2CO2 monolayer can be used for detecting NO gas as a resistive sensor.
A comparative study of cytological processing techniques in hemorrhagic effusion
Authors: Inbasekaran Poovizhi , Subramanian Ramaswamy Anikode 
Published: July 2022

Objectives:
Fluids are one the most common specimens received in cytology laboratories. The presence of erythrocytes may obscure the cells in the smears, making the diagnosis, and identification of cells difficult. Many techniques are being used by laboratories to eliminate these erythrocytes. The present study was undertaken to improve the quality of cytology smears of hemorrhagic samples by comparing three different techniques, namely, Carnoy’s fixative (CF), modified CF, and normal saline rehydration technique (NSRT) to hemolysis red blood cells (RBC) present in the smear background for better cytological assessment. The present study was a prospective study done over 1 year 6 months from November 2012 to March 2014, in the Department of Pathology in a Tertiary Care Rural Medical College.

Materials and Methods:
All hemorrhagic effusions received in the department of pathology were processed using CF, modified CF, and NSRT. The background of the smear and cytomorphological details with two different stains was analyzed. The Chi-square test was used to find out the association of different techniques in the reduction of RBC.

Results:
More than 60% reduction of RBCs in the smear was noted in 85.40%, 14.60%, and 15.60% by NSRT, modified CF, and CF, respectively. Staining was better and nuclear features were best preserved in NSRT.

Conclusion:
NSRT is the best, simple, and cheaper technique to lyse RBC in the hemorrhagic fluid. It also shows better staining and well-preserved cytomorphological features of the cell.
Introduction
Authors: Berthoud Anne-Claude 
Published: July 2022

Le présent Cahier réunit des textes issus de l'équipe de recherche Lausanne/Genève du projet européen DYLAN 1 , des textes provenant pour une part du projet lui-même et d'autres en relationdirecte avec les thématiques du projet.
L’objectif essentiel du projet consiste à montrer en quoi et sous quelles conditions la diversité linguistique qui prévaut en Europe constitue un atout plutôt qu’un obstacle. Il vise en particulier à saisir en quoi la mise en œuvre de répertoires plurilingues contribue à la construction et au transfert des connaissances (atout cognitif) et intervient dans le contrôle de la communication, la résolution de problèmes et la prise de décision (atout stratégique), dans ladiversité des contextes économiques, politiques et éducatifs.
Mano de obra y productividad en la citricultura del valle del río Valdivia, Santa Elena
Authors: Reyes Perero Ana , Orrala Borbor Néstor 
Published: July 2022

La citricultura en Ecuador ha alcanzado un alto grado de dinamismo, en la provincia de Santa Elena por su vocación agrícola esta actividad constituye el sustento para un gran número de familias de la zona, sin embargo, los agricultores en su mayoría enfrentan condiciones de pobreza y marginación estatal, por lo que el objetivo de la presente investigación fue caracterizar la mano de obra y productividad de la citricultura, misma que se desarrolla en la zona norte de la provincia. Se tomó como población a todos los miembros de la Asociación de Citricultores del valle del río Valdivia, Santa Elena. Para la realización del estudio se utilizó un diseño metodológico no experimental de carácter cuantitativo, fundamentado en la aplicación de un formulario a través de encuestas basada en variables socioeconómicas, sistema productivo y de talento humano. Se determinó que un gran número de pequeño productores tienen bajo nivel de educación, que la mayoría de fincas son de tipo familiar por la reducida superficie de sus predios, que la organización del trabajo es realizada según su extensión por el productor y su núcleo de parentesco; que es administrada y depende primordialmente del trabajo familiar, la tecnología es de carácter artesanal que se refleja en la producción, la que se puede mejorar con capacitación y asistencia técnica por parte de organismos gubernamentales y no gubernamentales. Se concluye que la citricultura que se desarrolla en el valle del río Valdivia es de subsistencia.
Gestión Sostenible: Diversificación turística para mejorar la oferta en las Siete Cascadas, cantón Naranjal
Authors: Costa Sosa Maria Valeria , Linzán Rodríguez Jessica Soraya 
Published: July 2022

La gestión sostenible normaliza los valores éticos y medioambientales que sirven para el desarrollo y potencialidad de las comunidades. El problema abordado en este trabajo fue lograr una gestión sustentable mediante la evaluación de las fallas del emprendimiento con el fin de diversificar la oferta turística del destino de las Siete Cascadas en el cantón Naranjal. El principal objetivo es identificar los elementos que inciden en su desempeño actual para mejorar el servicio prestado. La metodología utilizada fue de tipo mixto (cualitativa y cuantitativa), las técnicas de ambos enfoques se utilizan para medir la relación entre las variables independientes con la variable dependiente, se utiliza el método de juicio de expertos medido por el Coeficiente de Validez de Coincidencia. Para la validación del instrumento diseñado (encuesta tipo test) y la confiabilidad se utilizó el estadístico Alfa de Cronbach, la evaluación de las correlaciones se calculó utilizando el programa SPSS y Microsoft Word Excel. La principal conclusión del mismo radica en la identificación de las carencias de cada una de las dimensiones de la variable principal y la fortaleza que ésta tiene para lograr la diversificación del destino turístico designado, siendo la dimensión de Servicios la más negativa y dentro de esta los indicadores de alquiler de implementos y equipos para cada oferta turística: la gestión de residuos, mala armonización de la iluminación y señalización con el medio ambiente y el sistema de seguridad.
I. BERLIN ON ROMANTICISM AS A DIRECTION EUROPEAN THOUGHT
Authors: Потамская Вера Павловна 
Published: July 2022

По мнению Берлина, романтическое движение в Германии, направленное против монизма Просвещения, во многом благодаря влиянию философских воззрений Фихте, стало большим поворотом в европейском сознании, разрушившим основы традиционных установлений и повлиявшим на европейскую мысль. Указывается, что, в отличие от предшествующей традиции, в центре романтического движения находилось прославление множественности, разнообразия как в искусстве, так и в философской мысли. Отмечается, что романтизм имел как положительные последствия (представление о множественности и несоизмеримости ценностей), так и негативные (национализм и фашизм).
According to Berlin, the romantic movement in Germany against the monism of the Enlightenment, largely due to the influence of Fichte's philosophical views, was a major turn in European consciousness, destroying the foundations of traditional institutions and influencing European thought. It is pointed out that, unlike the previous tradition, the glorification of plurality, diversity, both in art and in philosophical thought, was at the center of the romantic movement. It is noted that romanticism had both positive consequences (the idea of the plurality and incommensurability of values) and negative ones (nationalism and fascism).
Transforming an Edwardian boarding house into an urban marae at Auckland University College in 1954
Authors: Tyler Linda 
Published: July 2022

In writing the history of art in Aotearoa/New Zealand, much attention has been focussed on the exhibitions and activities of painters and sculptors of the Māori Renaissance in the 1950s. Equally significant was the impetus given to reviving customary crafts through the Adult Education movement associated with the University of Auckland. The Maori Social and Economic Advancement Act of 1945 positioned the responsibility for preservation, revival and maintenance of "Māori arts, crafts, language, genealogy and history" with iwi, and led to the formation of the Maori Women's Welfare League in September 1951, with its agenda to perpetuate women's skills in Māori arts and crafts, and for these to be practised within an architectural context.
A Māori advisory committee was established in the Adult Education Centre at Auckland University College in 1945, tasked with mitigating Māori urban alienation through the teaching of Māori arts and cultural history to establish "pride of race and cultural achievement." In 1949, the first tutor for the Maori Adult Education Extension Programme was appointed, Maharaia Winiata (1912-60), followed by a graduate of the Rotorua School of Māori Arts and Crafts, Master carver Henare Toka (Ngāti Whatua) and his wife Mere. They recruited students from the Auckland University College Māori Club and pupils from Māori secondary schools to decorate the entrance hall of Sonoma House, 21 Princes Street, with kōwhaiwhai and tukutuku. Thus an Edwardian building was reborn as the University's Adult Education Centre, and was acclaimed for its biculturalism in the spring issue of Te Ao Hou in 1954.
Now 60 years old, the tukutuku panels have been preserved by present day Deputy Vice Chancellor Jim Peters in the ground floor of the University's Clocktower following the disestablishment of Adult Education. Seven of these tukutuku panels have recently undergone extensive conservation treatment, and they are recognised as highly significant examples of twentieth century weaving, exemplifying the approach to reviving customary tukutuku at mid-century in terms of the materials and techniques as well as patterns: muumuu, or purapura whetuu roimata toroa), waharua koopito, whakarua koopito, niho taniwha and nihoniho. They have now gone on display in pride of place in the University Clocktower. This paper will contextualise the changing meaning of these tukutuku panels from interior décor to historic design within the evolving narrative of customary Māori weaving practices.
Editor's Introduction
Authors: Whiteford Peter 
Published: July 2022

In the 2021 June issue of the Journal (NS 33), Anna Green announced that it was to be her final issue as editor, a role she took up in 2013. The December issue last year was a Special Issue with a particular focus on Pacific Research in Aotearoa, so it is appropriate to begin this open issue with an acknowledgement of Anna’s exceptional work as editor of what is the most significant journal of New Zealand studies. Only those who have themselves edited a journal over any length of time fully appreciate the challenges of the task—the more so when it evolves from a print journal to one that is wholly online. Anna’s stewardship of the Journal through that time has been exemplary, and that it remains a strong and vibrant home for the publication of research in New Zealand studies is its own tribute to her energy and her scholarly care for the field. Readers of the Journal are very much in her debt.
The Economy Really Does Matter
Authors: Whiteford Peter 
Published: July 2022

Brian Easton’s book Not in Narrow Seas: The Economic History of Aotearoa New Zealand was published by Victoria University Press in 2020. Rightly described as a magnum opus, the book attracted considerable attention for its extraordinary historical breadth and vision. Part of that attention was a panel discussion of the book hosted by the Stout Research Centre for New Zealand Studies at Victoria University of Wellington, on 21 April 2021, as one of its continuing series of research seminars.
Step VEP visual acuity in a pediatric neuro-ophthalmological cohort
Authors: Alison M Mackay 
Published: July 2022

Steady-state VEPs, have been used to estimate visual acuity since the 1970s and allow responses to a range of stimulus sizes to be collected rapidly- with particular utility in infants. However, the assessment of children with cortical visual impairment is a bigger challenge that lead to the development of the Step VEP. Its initial evaluation revealed that accuracy and precision were poorer for pediatric patients than for optically degraded normal adults and that it was not necessarily successful in every child. Statistical models generated the equations: VAO = 0.56 VAStep (r2 = 0.75, F = 60.93, p = 0.000) and VAPL = 0.45 VAStep (r2 = 0.82, F = 156.85, p = 0.000), supported by a recent a systematic review of VA comparisons showing that recognition VA (optotypes) agrees more closely than discrimination VA (PL) with VEP VA. In combination, Step VEPS and subjective tests allowed complete assessment in 96% of patients, with incomplete Step VEPS much more likely to be partially successful than not, and more likely to be partially successful than incomplete subjective tests. This supports the rationale that Step VEPs maintain attention by limiting the time spent stimulating away from an individual’s threshold of spatial resolution. For the small number of patients in whom VA cannot be estimated, alternative stimuli and methods of presentation are proposed.
Law and State Practice in Azerbaijan: Dealing with the Issues Concerning the Search, Exhumation and Identification of Missing Persons in Conflict Zones
Authors: Sarkin Jeremy Julian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article deals with missing persons in Azerbaijan. The issue of missing persons occurred because of the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the Nagorno- Karabakh region. About 5,000 people from all sides were reported as having gone missing by 2020. This article firstly contextualises the democratic and human rights situation in Azerbaijan since independence to understand the backdrop to the issues and why little progress has been made. It then examines what has been done, what the institutional framework is, and what the various problems are. It provides details on the issues concerning the search for, recovery, and identification of the missing. A newly reconstituted domestic State Commission for Prisoners of War, Hostages and Missing Persons has begun operating in the country but is not fully functional and needs to be more open and transparent, its membership ought to include civil society and the families of the missing, and it needs to do more actual searching. Ultimately, if progress is to occur, a process involving all parties to the conflict must be established. The article also finds that there are problems with the law concerning missing persons and that law reform is needed as the law is incomplete, vague, and complicated.
Ideologie sozialer Medien
Authors: Gaderer Rupert 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit Enis Macis Essay to blend in/into sth (Nachruf), der im Essayband Eiscafé Europa (2018) publiziert wurde. Er konzentriert sich auf vier Momente, die für die medienliterarische Sondierung der Autorin relevant sind: Erstens geht der Beitrag der Frage nach, inwiefern Dispositive rechtsextremer Ideologien entschlüsselt und soziale Medien als ein relevantes Element eines Netzwerks normativer, personaler und technisch-apparativer Elemente beschrieben werden. Er arbeitet zweitens den von Maci gewählten medienarchäologischen Zugang heraus, der sich durch eine historische und materialistische Annäherung an Effekte sozialer Medien auszeichnet. Drittens untersucht der Beitrag Macis Ideologiekritik, die im Kontext von Theorien der ‚Anrufung‘ von Subjekten verortet ist. Und viertens wird Macis Freilegung imaginierter Weiblichkeit rechter Influencerinnen nachgegangen, die in einem Zusammenhang mit der Moderne als ‚facialer Gesellschaft‘ stehen. Unter diesen Prämissen konzentriert sich der Beitrag nicht auf die notorischen rechten Empörungswellen und Shitstorms, sondern beschreibt die Anrufung als eine Dynamik der Kollektivierung. Die anrufende Funktion äußert sich darin, dass im Augenblick der Botschaft keine Verletzung erfolgt, sondern das Kollektiv durch das Angenehme und Wohlige – „ein weiches Warmes“ (Maci (2018)) – konstituiert wird.
First Account on Western Mewahang Case Morphology
Authors: Gerber Pascal 
Published: July 2022

This paper constitutes a first account on the case morphology of Western Mewahang (Kiranti, Trans-Himalayan; Sankhuwasabha district, eastern Nepal), presenting the individual case markers, illustrating their function and morpho-phonological properties and providing historical-comparative notes on the etymologies of selected case markers.