bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance and mechanism of removal of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes from wastewater by electrochemical carbon nanotube membranes
Authors: Wang Jun , Liu Hong , Chen Xiaofei , Li Ye , Sha Xueni , Song Huanjie , Li Bolin , Yan Zheng , Chang Ming 
Published: August 2022

Electrochemical carbon nanotube (CNT) and carboxylated carbon nanotube (CNT-COOH) membranes were prepared by vacuum filtration for the removal of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from water. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy were used to analyze the performances of the two electrochemical membranes in the removal of antibiotics and ARGs, to determine the effects of different factors on removal rates, and to explore the mechanisms of the removal of antibiotics and ARGs. The results showed that CNT-COOH formed a porous mesh structure on the surface of polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and contained more oxygen than CNT. The electrochemical CNT-COOH membrane showed higher antibiotic and ARG removal rates than the electrochemical CNT membrane, with an antibiotics removal rate of 82% after 60 min of reaction and an ARGs concentration decrease by 1.85 log. The removal rate of antibiotics and ARGs increased with the increase in electrolyte concentration and anode voltage but decreased with the increase in the influent flow rate. The removal rate of antibiotics decreased with the increase in pH, while the best removal rates of ARGs were observed in a neutral environment. The degradation mechanism of antibiotics on the electrochemical CNT-COOH membrane was analyzed, and possible antibiotic degradation pathways were proposed. The removal of antibiotics and ARGs mainly occurred through electrochemical degradation, where hydroxyl radicals (-OH) played a dominant role.
Two-dimensional dysprosium(III) coordination polymer: Structure, single-molecule magnetic behavior, proton conduction, and luminescence
Authors: Chen Jin-Fen , Ge Yi-Liang , Wu Dong-Hui , Cui Hao-Tian , Mu Zhi-Lin , Xiao Hong-Ping , Li Xinhua , Ge Jing-Yuan 
Published: August 2022

A new dysprosium (III) coordination polymer [Dy(Hm-dobdc) (H2O)2]·H2O (Dy-CP), was hydrothermal synthesized based on 4,6-dioxido-1,3-benzenedicarboxylate (H4m-dobdc) ligand containing carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups. The Dy(III) center adopts an octa-coordinated [DyO8] geometry, which can be described as a twisted square antiprism (D4d symmetry). Neighboring Dy(III) ions are interconnected by deprotonated Hm-dobdc3− ligand to form the two-dimensional infinite layers, which are further linked to generate three-dimensional structure through abundant hydrogen bonds mediated primarily by coordinated and lattice H2O molecules. Magnetic studies demonstrates that Dy-CP shows the field-induced slow relaxation of magnetization and the energy barrier Ueff/kB and relaxation time τ0 are 35.3 K and 1.31 × 10–6 s, respectively. Following the vehicular mechanism, Dy-CP displays proton conductivity with σ equal to 7.77 × 10–8 S cm−1 at 353 K and 30%RH. Moreover, luminescence spectra reveal that H4m-dobdc can sensitize characteristic luminescence of Dy(III) ion. Herein, good magnetism, proton conduction, and luminescence are simultaneously achieved, and thus, Dy-CP is a potential multifunctional coordination polymer material.
Systemic immune-inflammation index as a potential biomarker of cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ye Zhen , Hu Tingyi , Wang Jin , Xiao Ruoyi , Liao Xibei , Liu Mengsi , Sun Zhen 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundSeveral studies have investigated the value of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) for predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the results were inconsistent. Therefore, a meta-analysis and systematic review were conducted to assess the correlation between SII and risk of CVD.Materials and methodsTwo investigators systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane library, and CINAHL databases to identify all studies that examined the association between SII levels and CVD. The risk estimates of CVD for people with high SII compared to those with low SII levels and the weighted mean difference (WMD) between the CVD and control groups were pooled using fixed- or random-effects models based on the heterogeneity test. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess the risk of bias in eligible studies, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system was applied to rate the certainty of evidence.ResultsA total of 13 studies with 152,996 participants were included for analysis. The overall pooled results showed that higher SII was significantly associated with an increased risk of CVD (HR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.20–1.61, P &lt; 0.001). This increased risk could be observed in almost all CVD subtypes, including ischemic stroke (HR = 1.31, 95%CI: 1.06–1.63, P = 0.013), hemorrhagic stroke (HR = 1.22, 95%CI: 1.10–1.37, P &lt; 0.001), myocardial infarction (HR = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.01–1.23, P = 0.027), and peripheral arterial disease (HR = 1.51, 95%CI: 1.18–1.93, P = 0.001). There were no significant but still similar trends in venous thrombosis (HR = 4.65, 95%CI: 0.66–32.71, P = 0.122), cerebral small vessel disease (HR = 1.09, 95%CI: 0.95–1.25, P = 0.233), and acute coronary syndrome (HR = 1.08, 95%CI: 0.96–1.22, P = 0.200). Furthermore, the pooled results showed that SII levels at the onset of CVD were significantly higher than that in the general population (WMD = 355.2, 95%CI: 234.8–475.6, P &lt; 0.001), which was consistent across different CVD subtypes. The GRADE assessment suggested that the quality of current evidence from observational studies was low or very low.ConclusionThis study indicated that SII may be a potential biomarker for CVD development and elevated SII is associated with an increased risk of CVD. However, the quality of evidence is generally low. Additional well-designed studies are necessary to determine the optimal cutoff value and to characterize the benefited population.
SGLT1/2 as the potential biomarkers of renal damage under Apoe−/− and chronic stress via the BP neural network model and support vector machine
Authors: Hu Gai-feng , Wang Xiang , Meng Ling-bing , Li Jian-yi , Xu Hong-xuan , Wu Di-shan , Shan Meng-jie , Chen Yu-hui , Xu Jia-pei , Gong Tao , Chen Zuoguan , Li Yong-jun , Liu De-ping 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundChronic stress (CS) could produce negative emotions. The molecular mechanism of SGLT1 and SGLT2 in kidney injury caused by chronic stress combined with atherosclerosis remains unclear.MethodsIn total, 60 C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups, namely, control (CON, n = 15), control diet + chronic stress (CON+CS, n = 15), high-fat diet + Apoe−/− (HF + Apoe−/−, n = 15), and high-fat diet + Apoe−/− + chronic stress (HF+Apoe−/− + CS, n = 15) groups. The elevated plus maze and open field tests were performed to examine the effect of chronic stress. The expression of SGLT1 and SGLT2 in the kidney was detected. The support vector machine (SVM) and back propagation (BP) neural network model were constructed to explore the predictive value of the expression of SGLT1/2 on the renal pathological changes. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used.ResultsA chronic stress model and atherosclerosis model were constructed successfully. Edema, broken reticular fiber, and increased glycogen in the kidney would be obvious in the HF + Apoe−/− + CS group. Compared with the CON group, the expression of SGLT1/2 in the kidney was upregulated in the HF + Apoe−/− + CS group (P &lt; 0.05). There existed positive correlations among edema, glycogen, reticular fiber, expression of SGLT1/2 in the kidney. There were higher sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis of SGLT1/2 for edema, reticular fiber, and glycogen in the kidney. The result of the SVM and BP neural network model showed better predictive values of SGLT1 and SGLT2 for edema and glycogen in the kidney.ConclusionIn conclusion, SGLT1/2 might be potential biomarkers of renal damage under Apoe−/− and chronic stress, which provided a potential research direction for future related explorations into this mechanism.
Fault locking of the Qilian–Haiyuan fault zone before the 2022 Menyuan Ms6.9 earthquake and its seismic hazards in the future
Authors: Liu Lei , Zhuang Wenquan , Ji Lingyun , Zhu Liangyu , Jiang Fengyun 
Published: August 2022

By using GPS-derived velocities of 2015–2021 and a negative dislocation program, we inverted the locking degree and slip rate deficit in the Qilian–Haiyuan fault zone, and combined with the distribution of small earthquakes in the fault, we studied the characteristics before the 2022 Menyuan MS6.9 earthquake and analyzed the future seismic hazards of each segment within this fault zone. The regional crustal deformation pattern is discussed with regard to the fault slip rate and regional strain rate field. The preliminary results show that before the earthquake, the seismogenic fault was strong locked, with a high locking depth, the slip rate deficit was large, and the distribution of small earthquakes was relatively few, these characteristics are closely related to the occurrence of strong earthquakes, according to the aftershock relocation results, further, it is believed that the earthquake may link the Lenglongling and Tuolaishan faults into a large strike-slip fault. The Jinqianghe fault, the Lenglongling fault, and the eastern segment of the Tuolaishan fault are strongly locked, with high locking depth and large slip rate deficit, combined with the occurrence of small earthquakes and the locking degree before the 2022 Menyuan MS6.9 earthquake, indicate that the eastern segment of the Tuolaishan fault is highly likely to have strong earthquakes in the future, which requires further attention. In addition, the strike-slip rate of the Qilian–Haiyuan fault zone is mainly between 3.9 and 4.3 mm/yr, the overall movement of the fault is consistent, and the compressional rate gradually decreases from 2.9 mm/yr in the western segment to 1 mm/yr in the eastern segment; the fault compressional rate may be related to the crustal shortening (formation basin and uplift mountain). Therefore, the present-day crustal deformation in the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is mainly distributed in the shortened region of the crust on the Qilian Shan area and left-lateral strike-slip localized on the Qilian–Haiyuan fault zone.
A comparison between cisatracurium and rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block on laryngeal electromyography recovery after neostigmine reversal in a porcine model
Authors: Lu I-Cheng , Tan Hao , Wu Sheng-Hua , Huang Tzu-Yen , Tseng Hsin-Yi , Wang Jia-Joanna , Dionigi Gianlorenzo , Chai Young Jun , Chiang Feng-Yu , Chang Pi-Ying , Wu Che-Wei 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundInducing and reversing neuromuscular block is essential to a positive outcome of thyroid surgery, with intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) being used to decrease recurrent and superior laryngeal nerve injuries and improve vocal outcome. Neostigmine is a non-specific broad-spectrum and inexpensive reversal agent for neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs). The aim of this porcine study was to explore the effect of neostigmine on electromyography (EMG) signal recovery profile following the commonly used NMBAs, cisatracurium and rocuronium.MethodsTwelve piglets were allocated into two groups with six piglets in each group. When stable baseline EMG signals were obtained, a neuromuscular block was induced by intravenous cisatracurium 0.2 mg/kg (group C) or rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg (group R) for each piglet. We compared laryngeal EMG tracing with spontaneous recovery (control) and neostigmine (0.04 mg/kg) reversal for each group. The time course of real-time laryngeal EMG signals was observed for 30 min from NMBA injection. Effects of neostigmine on EMG signal were assessed at 50% EMG recovery and by the maximum neuromuscular block recovery degree from the baseline value.ResultsNeostigmine shortened the recovery time to 50% EMG amplitude in both group C (16.5 [2.5] vs. 29.0 [2.0] min, P&lt;0.01) and group R (16.5[2.5] vs. 26.5 [1.5] min, P&lt;0.05) compared to spontaneous recovery, respectively. Neostigmine reversal also enhanced the maximum degree of EMG amplitude recovery in both group C (83.6 [5.1] vs. 47.2 [6.1] %, P&lt;0.01) and group R (85.6 [18.2]vs. 57.1 [6.3] %, P&lt;0.05) compared to spontaneous recovery, respectively. The reversal effect of neostigmine did not differ significantly between cisatracurium and rocuronium.ConclusionsThis porcine model demonstrated that neostigmine provides an adequate and timely IONM signal suppressed by both cisatracurium and rocuronium. These results can potentially expand the options for precision neuromuscular block management during IONM to improve vocal outcomes in thyroid surgery patients.
Gender differences in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: A retrospective study based on the population of Hubei Province, China
Authors: Fu Mengfei , Yu Li , Yang Liu , Chen Yang , Chen Xiao , Hu Qinyu , Sun Hui 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe aims of the present study were to investigate gender differences in the clinicopathological features, distant metastasis and prognosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) in a Chinese population, and to identify any important gaps in the classification and management of pNENs relative to gender.MethodsRetrospective collection of the clinicopathological data of 193 patients with pathologically confirmed pNENs were analyzed and follow up was extended to observe the prognosis of the disease. Differences between genders in basic characteristics, clinical symptoms, comorbidities, and tumor parameters were analyzed.ResultsThere was no significant difference in females and males, however, moderately higher for females (52.8% vs. 47.2%), with the largest subgroup being 40~60 years of age (54.9%). Age at onset (P=0.002) and age at diagnosis (P=0.005) were both younger in females compared to males. Males lived more in urban areas and females lived more in rural areas (P=0.047). The proportion of smokers and alcohol drinkers was significantly higher in males than in females (P &lt; 0.001). Non-functional pNENs were more frequent in males and functional pNENs in females (P=0.032). In women, functional status of the tumor was significantly associated with metastatic outcome (P=0.007) and functional tumors proved to be a protective factor compared to non-functional tumors (OR=0.090,95% CI: 0.011~ 0.752). There were no gender differences in tumor size, location, grade, stage or prognosis.ConclusionsGender differences in some clinicopathological features, and distant metastasis in patients with pNENs were identified, which suggested certain management details that justified emphasis based on gender.
Associations between rs3480 and rs16835198 gene polymorphisms of FNDC5 with type 2 diabetes mellitus susceptibility: a meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Xianqin , Ni Li , Sun Junyu , Yuan Xiaolu , Li Dezhong 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundFNDC5 is a novel and important player in energy regulation related to glucose metabolism and insulin levels. Thus, it may affect the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Nevertheless, the association between FNDC5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and susceptibility to T2DM remains unclear. The aim of this meta-analysis was to explore whether the SNPs, rs3480 and rs16835198, are associated with the risk of T2DM.MethodsStudies published before February 1st, 2022 were screened to identify the included studies. R software was also applied for calculation of odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (95% CI), heterogeneity, and sensitivity analysis.ResultsSeven studies for rs3480 (involving 5475 patients with T2DM and 4855 healthy controls) and five studies for rs16835198 (involving 4217 patients with T2DM and 4019 healthy controls) were included in this meta-analysis. The results revealed a statistically significant association of rs3480 with T2DM under homozygote (GG vs AA: OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.31–2.37, P = 0.0002, I2 = 59%) genetic model. However, there was no statistically significant correlation between rs16835198 and susceptibility to T2DM under allelic (G vs T: OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 0.94–1.89, P = 0.11, I2 = 84%), heterozygote (GT vs TT: OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 0.80–1.69, P = 0.42, I2 = 71%), homozygote (GG vs TT: OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 0.95–1.94, P = 0.10, I2 = 62%), recessive (GG+GT vs TT: OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.88–1.79, P = 0.22, I2 = 72%), and dominant (GG vs GT+GG: OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.96–1.50, P = 0.11, I2 = 46%) genetic models.ConclusionsThe present meta-analysis revealed that rs3480 in FNDC5 is significantly associated with susceptibility to T2DM, while rs16835198 does not show such an association.
Total tumor diameter is a better indicator of multifocal papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Jiang Ke-cheng , Lin Bei , Zhang Yu , Zhao Ling-qian , Luo Ding-cun 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundAccurate evaluation of the risk of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is the key to treatment. However, the maximum diameter (MD), which is currently used in various staging systems, may not truly reflect the aggressiveness of multifocal tumors.MethodsClinical and pathological data for 1001 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma who underwent surgery at the Hangzhou First People’s Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. First, the relationship between total tumor diameter (TTD) and clinicopathological features in multifocal PTMC was explored. Then, patients were divided into subgroups according to the TTD. The baseline was consistent after using the propensity score matching method, and the differences between groups were compared. In addition, the effectiveness of TTD and MD in evaluating central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) was analyzed and compared.ResultsTTD is associated with a range of clinicopathological features, including lymph node metastasis, extrathyroidal extension, and risk stratification. Assuming the same MD and number of foci, the invasiveness of multifocal PTMC with TTD &gt;1 cm was significantly higher than that with TTD &lt;1 cm, and even higher than unifocal non-PTMC. Moreover, the efficiency of TTD in predicting CLNM was also significantly higher than that of MD.ConclusionFor multifocal PTMC, TTD is a more realistic indicator of tumor biological characteristics than MD. The aggressiveness of PTMC with TTD &gt;1 cm was significantly enhanced, and surgical treatment should be actively sought in such cases.
Association of cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle behaviors with aortic aneurysm: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhou Jiawei , Lin Jianfeng , Zheng Yuehong 
Published: August 2022

Objective: To examine the causality between hypertension, diabetes, other cardiovascular risk factors, lifestyle behaviors, and the aortic aneurysm among patients of European ancestry.Methods: We performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causality of 12 modifiable risk factors with aortic aneurysm, including hypertension, body mass index (BMI), waist–hip ratio (WHR), diabetes, tobacco smoking, alcohol and coffee consumption, physical activity, and sleep duration. Genome-wide significant genetic instruments (p &lt; 5 × 10–8) for risk factors were extracted from European-descent genome-wide association studies, whereas aortic aneurysm genetic instruments were selected from the UK Biobank and FinnGen cohort. The inverse-variance weighted MR was used as the main analysis, and MR-Egger (MRE), weighted median MR, MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier, and Phenoscanner searching were performed as sensitivity analyses. Furthermore, we calculated MRE intercept to detect pleiotropy and Cochran’s Q statistics to assess heterogeneity and conducted bidirectional MR and MR Steiger tests to exclude the possibility of reverse causality.Results: We observed significantly higher risks for the aortic aneurysm in hypertension [pooled OR: 4.30 (95% CI 2.84–6.52)], BMI [OR: 1.58 (95% CI 1.37–1.81)], WHR [OR: 1.51 (95% CI 1.21–1.88)], WHR adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI) [OR: 1.35 (95% CI 1.12–1.63)], age of smoking initiation [OR: 1.63 (95% CI 1.18–2.26)], and tobacco use (initiation, cessation, and heaviness) [OR: 2.88 (95% CI 1.85–2.26)]. In sensitivity analysis, the causal effects of hypertension, BMI, WHRadjBMI, and tobacco use (initiation, cessation, and heaviness) remained robust.Conclusion: There was a positive causal relationship between hypertension, BMI, WHR, and WHRadjBMI and aortic aneurysm.
A systematic pan-cancer analysis of the gasdermin (GSDM) family of genes and their correlation with prognosis, the tumor microenvironment, and drug sensitivity
Authors: Zheng Yufu , Yuan Didi , Zhang Fei , Tang Renkuan 
Published: August 2022

Background: Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death process mediated by the gasdermin (GSDM) protein. However, limited research has been conducted to comprehensively analyze the contribution of the GSDM family in a pan-cancer setting.Methods: We systematically evaluated the gene expression, genetic variations, and prognostic values of the GSDM family members. Furthermore, we investigated the association between the expression of GSDM genes and immune subtypes, the tumor microenvironment (TME), the stemness index, and cancer drug sensitivities by means of a pan-cancer analysis.Results: GSDM genes were highly upregulated in most of the tested cancers. Low-level mutation frequencies within GSDM genes were common across the examined types of cancer, and their expression levels were associated with prognosis, clinical characteristics, TME features, and stemness scores in several cancer types, particularly those of the urinary system. Importantly, we found that the expressions of GSDMB, GSDMC, and GSDMD were higher in kidney carcinomas, and specifically kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC); which adversely impacted the patient outcome. We showed that GSDMD was potentially the most useful biomarker for KIRC. The drug sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the expressions of GSDM genes were correlated with the sensitivity of tumor cells to treatment with chemotherapy drugs nelarabine, fluphenazine, dexrazoxane, bortezomib, midostaurin, and vincristine.Conclusion: GSDM genes were associated with tumor behaviors and may participate in carcinogenesis. The results of this study may therefore provide new directions for further investigating the role of GSDM genes as therapeutic targets in a pan-cancer setting.