bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vascularized composite allotransplantation: emerging psychosocial issues in hand, face, and uterine transplant
Authors: Kumnig Martin , Järvholm Stina 
Published: October 2022

Purpose of review
Currently, several research approaches warrant further attention, given the influence of psychosocial and bioethical issues on the success of upper extremity (UETx), face (FTx), and uterine transplantation (UTx). This review will highlight recent results of psychosocial and bioethical research in the field of vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA), discuss most recent findings, provide information to guide future research approaches, and address the importance of a multicenter research approach to develop international standards.

Recent findings
Previously published reports have tried to identify psychosocial factors that are essential to predict psychosocial outcomes and guide posttransplant treatment after VCA procedures. These issues in VCA are receiving more attention but we are still at the beginning of a systematic investigation of these domains. This review article summarizes the emerging psychosocial issues in UeTx, FTx, and UTx by including recent literature and current clinical practice.

Summary
Even though different VCA procedures address different domains leading to specific psychosocial issues, common aspects impacting all forms of VCA would benefit of further coordination. These domains include clinical resources, public attitude and perception, bioethical considerations, adherence and rehabilitation, motives for VCA, information needs and multidisciplinary communication, body image, domains of quality of life, coping strategies, and follow-up care.
Effects of Acupressure on Lactation
Authors: Rosetti Miriam A. , Spatz Diane L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
To assess the effects of acupressure on lactation.

Methods:
A literature search was conducted via Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Embase, and PubMed using keyword search terms acupuncture, Tuina and breastfeeding, human lactation or human milk and excluded auricular. Inclusion criteria were articles in English with no restriction on publication date. We included acupuncture as well as acupressure to ensure that relevant articles were not missed.

Results:
After duplicates were removed, our initial search yielded 217 articles. Using the PRISMA checklist (Liberati et al., 2009), six articles met inclusion criteria (five research studies, one case study). Preliminary evidence suggests acupressure offers a promising and inexpensive method of enhancing secretory activation following cesarean and vaginal term and late preterm births, specifically when performed at acupoints CV 17, ST 18, and SI 1.

Clinical Implications:
Human milk is the optimal source of infant nutrition. Concern of low milk supply is most often cited as the cause for early supplementation with formula as well as early cessation of breastfeeding. Acupressure may be helpful in improving milk supply in early postpartum, but more research on acupressure and lactation is warranted.
Conjunctival attachment of a live tick (Ixodes species) in an infant: a rare case report with literature review
Authors: Mohammed Rawand F. , Abdulla Berun A. , Mohammed Shvan H. , Salih Rawezh Q. , Abdullah Hiwa O. , Salih Abdulwahid M. , Kakamad Fahmi H. , Noori Savo Sh. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
The attachment of the tick to the conjunctiva of the host is a very rare entity. This study aims to report a rare case of a tick attached to the conjunctiva of a 10-month-old male infant.

Case presentation:
A 10-month-old infant presented to the emergency department brought in by his parents with right eye redness for the past 8 hours owing to the attachment of an unknown foreign body to the conjunctiva. General clinical examination revealed that the child was conscious and alert; redness of the right eye was visible. Under an ophthalmic microscope, the foreign body was found to be a tick. The tick was gently removed with a sterilized blunt forceps. Seven days follow-up revealed no ophthalmic or systemic complications.

Clinical discussion:
The infestation of ticks to the ocular tissues is considered a very rare entity in the literature, and the major manifestations are vasculitis, uveitis, keratitis, and conjunctivitis. In addition, sometimes the infestation may appear as an eyelid margin tumor when the tick embeds in the meibomian gland orifice.

Conclusion:
Conjunctival tick attachment presenting with the symptoms of eye redness and itching is an uncommon entity. The proper management is the complete removal of the tick using a blunt, medium-tip, angled forceps.
The Novel MyD88 Inhibitor TJ-M2010-5 Protects Against Hepatic Ischemia-reperfusion Injury by Suppressing Pyroptosis in Mice
Authors: Zou Zhimiao , Shang Runshi , Zhou Liang , Du Dunfeng , Yang Yang , Xie Yalong , Li Zeyang , Zhao Minghui , Jiang Fengchao , Zhang Limin , Zhou Ping 
Published: October 2022

Background
. With the development of medical technology and increased surgical experience, the number of patients receiving liver transplants has increased. However, restoration of liver function in patients is limited by the occurrence of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Previous studies have reported that the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling pathway and pyroptosis play critical roles in the development of hepatic IRI.

Methods
. A mouse model of segmental (70%) warm hepatic IRI was established using BALB/c mice in vivo. The mechanism underlying inflammation in mouse models of hepatic IRI was explored in vitro using lipopolysaccharide- and ATP-treated bone marrow-derived macrophages. This in vitro inflammation model was used to simulate inflammation and pyroptosis in hepatic IRI.

Results
. We found that a MyD88 inhibitor conferred protection against partial warm hepatic IRI in mouse models by downregulating the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway. Moreover, TJ-M2010-5 (a novel MyD88 inhibitor, hereafter named TJ-5) reduced hepatic macrophage depletion and pyroptosis induction by hepatic IRI. TJ-5 treatment inhibited pyroptosis in bone marrow-derived macrophages by reducing the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, decreasing the release of high-mobility group box-1, and promoting endocytosis of lipopolysaccharide-high-mobility group box-1 complexes.

Conclusions
. Inhibition of MyD88 may protect the liver from partial warm hepatic IRI by reducing pyroptosis in hepatic innate immune cells. These results reveal the mechanism underlying the development of inflammation in partially warm hepatic IRI and the induction of cell pyroptosis.
New insights into the Immune TME of adult-type diffuse gliomas
Authors: Richard Quentin , Laurenge Alice , Mallat Michel , Sanson Marc , Castro-Vega Luis Jaime 
Published: October 2022

Purpose of review
Adult-type diffuse gliomas are highly heterogeneous tumors. Bulk transcriptome analyses suggested that the composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME) corresponds to genetic and clinical features. In this review, we highlight novel findings on the intratumoral heterogeneity of IDH-wildtype and IDH-mutant gliomas characterized at single-cell resolution, and emphasize the mechanisms shaping the immune TME and therapeutic implications.

Recent findings
Emergent evidence indicates that in addition to genetic drivers, epigenetic mechanisms and microenvironmental factors influence the glioma subtypes. Interactions between glioma and immune cells contribute to immune evasion, particularly in aggressive tumors. Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of malignant and immune cell subpopulations is high in recurrent gliomas. IDH-wildtype and IDH-mutant tumors display distinctive changes in their myeloid and lymphoid compartments, and D-2HG produced by IDH-mutant cells impacts the immune TME.

Summary
The comprehensive dissection of the intratumoral ecosystem of human gliomas using single-cell and spatial transcriptomic approaches advances our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the immunosuppressed state of the TME, supports the prognostic value of tumor-associated macrophages and microglial cells, and sheds light on novel therapeutic options.
Recording brain activity with ear-EEG (cEEGrids)
Authors: Hölle Daniel , Bleichner Martin G. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTThe cEEGrid (ear-electroencephalography; ear-EEG) is an unobtrusive and comfortable electrode array affixed around the ear. It is suited to investigate brain activity outside of the laboratory for long durations. Previous research established that cEEGrids can be used to study various cognitive processes in and also beyond the lab, even for a whole day. To record high-quality ear-EEG data, careful preparation is necessary. In this protocol, we explain the steps needed for successful experimenting with cEEGrids: First, we show how to test the functionality of the cEEGrid prior to a recording. Second, we describe how to prepare the participant and to fit the cEEGrid, which is the most important step to record high-quality data. Third, we outline how to connect the cEEGrids to the amplifier and how to check the signal quality. In this protocol, we give best practice recommendations and tips that make cEEGrid recordings easier. If researchers follow this protocol, they are comprehensively equipped for experimenting with the cEEGrid in and beyond the lab.SUMMARYThe cEEGrid (ear-electroencephalography) allows to record brain activity in and beyond the lab for extended duration. In this protocol, we describe how to set up and record with cEEGrids.
Strategic validation of variants of uncertain significance inECHS1genetic testing
Authors: Kishita Yoshihito , Sugiura Ayumu , Onuki Takanori , Ebihara Tomohiro , Matsuhashi Tetsuro , Shimura Masaru , Fushimi Takuya , Ichino Noriko , Nagatakidani Yoshie , Nishihata Hitomi , Nitta Kazuhiro R , Yatsuka Yukiko , Imai-Okazaki Atsuko , Wu Yibo , Osaka Hitoshi , Ohtake Akira , Murayama Kei , Okazaki Yasushi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractECHS1is the causative gene for mitochondrial short-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase 1 deficiency. While genetic analysis studies have diagnosed numerous cases withECHS1variants, the increasing number of variants of uncertain significance (VUS) in genetic diagnosis is a major problem. Therefore, we constructed an assay system to verify VUS function. A high-throughput assay usingECHS1knockout cells was performed to index these phenotypes by expressing cDNAs containing VUS. The functional validation of VUS identified novel variants causing loss of ECHS1 function. Moreover, we identified cases with functionalECHS1defects through multi-omics analysis. We identified a synonymous substitution, p.P163=, and candidate pathogenic variants in the above validation experiments. In summary, this study uncovered newECHS1cases based on VUS validation and omics analysis; these analyses are applicable to functional evaluation of other genes associated with mitochondrial disease.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody containing plasma improves outcome in patients with hematologic or solid cancer and severe COVID-19 via increased neutralizing antibody activity – a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Denkinger C.M. , Janssen M. , Schäkel U. , Gall J. , Leo A. , Stelmach P. , Weber S. F. , Krisam J. , Baumann L. , Stermann J. , Merle U. , Weigand M. A. , Nusshag C. , Bullinger L. , Schrezenmeier J.F. , Bornhäuser M. , Alakel N. , Witzke O. , Wolf T. , Vehreschild M. J.G.T. , Schmiedel S. , Addo M. M. , Herth F. , Kreuter M. , Tepasse P.-R. , Hertenstein B. , Hänel M. , Morgner A. , Kiehl M. , Hopfer O. , Wattad M.-A. , Schimanski C. C. , Celik C. , Pohle T. , Ruhe M. , Kern W. V. , Schmitt A. , Lorenz H.M. , Souto-Carneiro M. , Gaeddert M. , Halama N. , Meuer S. , Kräusslich H.G. , Müller B. , Schnitzler P. , Parthé S. , Bartenschlager R. , Gronkowski M. , Klemmer J. , Schmitt M. , Dreger P. , Kriegsmann K. , Schlenk R. F. , Müller-Tidow C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCancer patients are at high risk of severe COVID-19 with high morbidity and mortality. Further, impaired humoral response renders SARS-CoV-2 vaccines less effective and treatment options are scarce. Randomized trials using convalescent plasma are missing for high-risk patients. Here, we performed a multicenter trial (https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2020-001632-10/DE) in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 within four risk groups (1, cancer; 2, immunosuppression; 3, lab-based risk factors; 4, advanced age) randomized to standard of care (CONTROL) or standard of care plus convalescent/vaccinated anti-SARS-CoV-2 plasma (PLASMA). For the four groups combined, PLASMA did not improve clinically compared to CONTROL (HR 1.29;p=0.205). However, cancer patients experienced shortened median time to improvement (HR 2.50,p=0.003) and superior survival in PLASMA vs. CONTROL (HR 0.28;p=0.042). Neutralizing antibody activity increased in PLASMA but not in CONTROL cancer patients (p=0.001). Taken together, convalescent/vaccinated plasma may improve COVID-19 outcome in cancer patients unable to intrinsically generate an adequate immune response.
Congenital Malformations and Preeclampsia Associated with Integrase Inhibitor Use in Pregnancy
Authors: Smith Christiana , Fought Angela J. , Sung Joyce F. , McKinney Jennifer R. , Metz Torri D. , Fetters Kirk B. , Lazarus Sarah , Capraro Shannon , Barr Emily , Glenny Carrie , Buehler Jenna , Weinberg Adriana ,   the CHIP Perinatal Medical Team
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAntiretroviral therapy (ART) decreases perinatal HIV transmission, but concerns exist regarding maternal and infant safety. We compared the incidence of congenital malformations and other adverse outcomes in pregnancies exposed to integrase inhibitor (INSTI) versus non-INSTI ART.SettingSingle-site review of all pregnancies among women living with HIV between 2008 and 2018. Methods: We used binomial family generalized estimating equations to model the relationship of congenital anomalies and pregnancy outcomes with exposure to INSTI or dolutegravir (DTG) versus non-INSTI ART. Results: Among 257 pregnancies, 77 women received ≥1 INSTI (54 DTG, 14 elvitegravir, 15 raltegravir), 167 received non-INSTI, and 3 had missing data. Forty-nine congenital anomalies were identified among 36 infants. Infants with first-trimester DTG or any first-trimester INSTI exposure had higher odds of congenital anomalies than infants with first-trimester non-INSTI exposure (OR=2.55; 95%CI=1.07-6.10; OR=2.61; 95%CI=1.15-5.94, respectively). Infants with INSTI exposure after the second trimester had no increased odds of anomalies. Women with INSTI exposure had higher odds of preeclampsia (OR=4.73; 95%CI=1.70-13.19). Among women who received INSTI, grade ≥3 laboratory abnormalities were noted in 2.6% while receiving the INSTI and 3.9% while not receiving the INSTI, versus 16.2% in women who received non-INSTI. There was no association between INSTI exposure and other pregnancy outcomes.ConclusionFirst-trimester INSTI exposure may be associated with increased rates of congenital anomalies. Use of INSTI during pregnancy was also associated with preeclampsia in our cohort. These findings underscore the need for continued monitoring of the safety of INSTI in pregnancy.
Report – Cost and Clinical Utility of WES and WGS in pediatric patients with suspected genetic disease
Authors: Douglas Michael P. , Deverka Patricia A. , Gelb Bruce , Ferket Bart , Hassmiller Lich Kristen , Stevens Smith Hadley , Norton Mary , Berg Jonathan , Slavotinek Anne , Hindorff Lucia , Phillips Kathryn 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPayer coverage for Exome Sequencing (ES) is becoming commonplace (albeit in some cases with prior authorization restrictions), coverage for Genome Sequencing (GS) is rare, with most payers considering it as investigational and not medically necessary. Previous studies had identified several concerns and challenges from the payer perspective.The objective of this study is to conduct a targeted literature review of the evidence describing the cost and clinical utility of GS and ES compared to standard of care (SoC) testing in children ≤18 years with suspected genetic disease.We conducted a systematic literature review to identify evidence for cost, diagnostic utility and clinical utility between SoC, ES, and GS in children (0-18 years) with suspected genetic diseases. We also identified list prices for individual tests from Concert Genetics. Descriptive analyses were conducted for cost and comparative effectiveness data.We identified five studies on costs of ES and GS, as well as data from concert genetics, and 62 studies of comparative effectiveness of GS or ES in pediatric patients <18 yrs. with suspected genetic disease. We identified 2 reviews/systematic literature review, one cost savings, one micro-costing, and one cost-effectiveness analysis, in addition to the list prices from Concert Genetics which support the range of costs in the articles. List prices ranged from an average of $2264 (small panel) to $7245 for a rapid ES trio. Nearly half the studies (28/63; 44%) only reported diagnostic yield, and 18 studies with NICU/PICU patients and 18 studies of outpatients that reported a change in management. The change in management was very heterogeneous ranging from 24% to 83% depending on the patients’ suspected disorder and test type (e.g., rapid GS, rapid ES, GS). We were unable to determine if any of the GS test types (ultra-rapid GS or rapid GS or GS, range 24% - 83%) provided a greater change in clinical management rate than the ES test types (rapid ES or ES, range 35% - 83%).There is limited evidence of GS over ES in the ability to effect change in management. Available evidence suggests that rapid over standard GS or ES is of greater benefit in the NICU/PICU setting vs. outpatient setting. Future clinical studies must include both diagnostic yield and clinical management outcomes in order to provide stakeholders with the necessary evidence to support decision-making on implementation and coverage.
OpenLabCluster: Active Learning Based Clustering and Classification of Animal Behaviors in Videos Based on Automatically Extracted Kinematic Body Keypoints
Authors: Li Jingyuan , Keselman Moishe , Shlizerman Eli 
Published: October 2022

AbstractQuantifying natural behavior from video recordings is a key component in ethological studies. Markerless pose estimation methods have provided an important step toward that goal by automatically inferring kinematic body keypoints. The next step in behavior quantification is utilization of these features toward organizing and interpreting behavioral segments into states. In this work, we introduce a novel deep learning toolset to address this aim. In particular, we introduce OpenLabCluster which clusters segments into groups according to the similarity of kinematic body keypoints and then employs active learning approach which refines the clusters and classifies them into behavioral states. The active learning approach is an iterative semi-supervised deep learning methodology selecting representative examples of segments to be annotated such that the annotation informs clustering and classification of all segments. With these methodologies, OpenLabCluster contributes to faster and more accurate organization of behavioral segments with only a sparse number of them being annotated. We demonstrate OpenLabCluster performance on four different datasets, which include different animal species exhibiting natural behaviors, and show that it boosts clustering and classification compared to existing methods, even when all segments have been annotated. OpenLabCluster has been developed as an open-source interactive graphic interface which includes all necessary functions to perform clustering and classification, informs the scientist of the outcomes in each step, and incorporates the choices made by the scientist in further steps.
A study on RSR evaluation of health service capacity of county-level administrative areas based on entropy weight TOPSIS method in Fujian Province in China
Authors: Zhang Shengli 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the differences in health service capacity among county-level administrative regions in Fujian province in China, so as to provide decision-making ideas and basis for high-quality development of the county medical community system with Fujian characteristics,and to prevent health reform from diverging from the essence of meeting everyone’s health needs and improving health service capacity.MethodsThe entropy weight TOPSIS and RSR methods were used to comprehensively evaluate the health service capacity of 84 county-level administrative areas in Fujian Province in China.All data are from the official website of Fujian Provincial Bureau of Statistics.ResultsThe results show that the evaluation system of health service capacity with seven indicators, including per capita GDP, number of resident population, number of health institutions, number of beds in health institutions, number of health technicians, number of licensed (assistant) doctors and number of registered nurses,has a good discrimination. The index entropy weights are 0.09, 0.11, 0.12, 0.15, 0.17, 0.19, 0.17 respectively.According to the principle of reasonable grading of normal distribution, the health service capacity is divided into three grades by the Probit value, including 13 weak ones and 14 strong ones. It is worth noting that, as a typical example of China’s health reform, the county-level health service capacity of Sanming City in Fujian Province is only in the middle, and even Ninghua County is weak.ConclusionsThe entropy weight TOPSIS and RSR methods make use of the characteristics of the data itself, avoid the influence of subjective judgment of the evaluation subject, and can quickly make classification judgment. This study uses the statistical yearbook data to construct an evaluation model of 7 indicators, which can well classify the health service capacity of 84 county-level administrative areas. According to the evaluation results of the health service capacity in Sanming City, where the health reform model has been widely praised, it suggests that the health service capacity building cannot be ignored in the health reform evaluation. An objective evaluation may provide more valuable reform recommendations.