bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eccentric cycling involves greater mental demand and cortical activation of the frontoparietal network
Authors: Borot Lénaic , Pageaux Benjamin , Laroche Davy , Vergotte Grégoire , Lepers Ro-muald , Perrey Stéphane 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEccentric, compared to concentric exercise, is proposed to involve different neuro-motor processing strategies and a higher level of mental demand. This study compared eccentric and concentric cycling at matched perceived effort and torque for the mental demand and related-cortical activation patterns. Nineteen men (30 ± 6 yrs) performed four different 5-min cycling conditions at 30 RPM on a semi-recumbent isokinetic cycle ergometer: 1) concentric at a moderate perceived effort (23 on the CR100® scale) without torque feedback; 2) concentric and 3) eccentric at the same average torque produced in the first condition; and 4) eccentric at the same moderate perceived effort than the first concentric condition. The conditions 2-4 were randomised. After each condition, mental demand was monitored using the NASA Task Load Index scale. Changes in oxy-(O2Hb) and deoxy-(HHb) haemoglobin during exercise were meas-ured over both prefrontal cortices and the right parietal lobe from a 15-probe layout using a continuous-wave NIRS system. Mental demand was significantly higher during eccentric compared to concentric cycling (+52%,p= .012) and when the exercise intensity was fixed by the torque rather than the perceived effort (+70%,p˂ .001). For both torque- or perceived effort-matched exercises, O2Hb increased significantly (p< .001) in the left and right prefrontal cortices, and right parietal lobe, and HHb decreased in the left, and right, prefrontal cortices during eccentric compared to concentric cycling. This study supports that acute eccentric cycling, compared to concentric cycling, involves a higher mental demand and frontoparietal network activation.
Integration of cell wall synthesis activation and chromosome segregation during cell division inCaulobacter
Authors: Mahone Christopher R. , Yang Xinxing , McCausland Joshua W. , Payne Isaac P. , Xiao Jie , Goley Erin D. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTTo divide, bacteria must synthesize and remodel their peptidoglycan (PG) cell wall, a protective meshwork that maintains cell shape. FtsZ, a tubulin homolog, dynamically assembles into a midcell band, recruiting division proteins including the PG synthases FtsW and FtsI. FtsWI are activated to synthesize PG and drive constriction at the appropriate time and place, however their activation pathway remains unresolved. InCaulobacter crescentus, FtsWI activity requires FzlA, an essential FtsZ-binding protein. Through time-lapse imaging and single-molecule tracking ofC. crescentusFtsW and FzlA in perturbed genetic backgrounds, we demonstrate that FzlA is a limiting constriction activation factor that converts inactive, fast-moving FtsW to an active, slow-moving state. We find that FzlA interacts with the DNA translocase FtsK, and place FtsK genetically in a pathway with FzlA and FtsWI. Misregulation of the FzlA-FtsK-FtsWI pathway leads to heightened DNA damage and cell death. We propose that FzlA integrates the FtsZ ring, chromosome segregation, and PG synthesis to ensure robust and timely constriction duringCaulobacterdivision.
Keratin filament mechanics and energy dissipation are determined by metal-like plasticity
Authors: Lorenz Charlotta , Forsting Johanna , Style Robert W. , Klumpp Stefan , Köster Sarah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCell mechanics is determined by an intracellular biopolymer network, including intermediate filaments that are expressed in a cell-type specific manner. A prominent pair of intermediate filaments are keratin and vimentin as the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is associated with a switch from keratin to vimentin. The transition coincides with a change in cellular mechanics, and thus dynamic properties of the cells. This observation raises the question of how the mechanical properties already differ on the single filament level. Here we use optical tweezers and a computational model to compare the stretching and dissipation behavior of the two filament types. We find that keratin and vimentin filaments behave in opposite ways: keratin filaments elongate, but retain their stiffness, whereas vimentin filaments soften, but retain their length. This finding is explained by fundamentally different ways to dissipate energy: viscous subunits sliding within keratin filaments and non-equilibriumαhelix unfolding in vimentin filaments.
Large-scale neural dynamics in a shared low-dimensional state space reflect cognitive and attentional dynamics
Authors: Song Hayoung , Shim Won Mok , Rosenberg Monica D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCognition and attention arise from the adaptive coordination of neural systems in response to external and internal demands. The low-dimensional latent subspace that underlies large-scale neural dynamics and the relationships of these dynamics to cognitive and attentional states, however, are unknown. We conducted functional magnetic resonance imaging as human participants performed attention tasks, watched comedy sitcom episodes and an educational documentary, and rested. Whole-brain dynamics traversed a common set of latent states that spanned canonical gradients of functional brain organization, with global synchrony among functional networks modulating state transitions. Neural state dynamics were synchronized across people during engaging movie watching and aligned to narrative event structures. Neural state dynamics reflected attention fluctuations such that different states indicated engaged attention in task and naturalistic contexts whereas a common state indicated attention lapses in both contexts. Together, these results demonstrate that traversals along large-scale gradients of human brain organization reflect cognitive and attentional dynamics.
Identifying unobserved heterogeneity in mobile wallet adoption – A FIMIX-PLS approach for user segmentation
Authors: Joshi Himanshu , Chawla Deepak 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to segment mobile wallet users using a finite mixture partial least squares (FIMIX-PLS) approach and evaluate the unobserved heterogeneity across segments.Design/methodology/approachPartial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using a convenience sample of 744 responses was used to analyze the measurement, structural model and hypotheses testing. To examine unobserved heterogeneity and identify user segments, FIMIX-PLS technique was employed. To generate more precise recommendations, importance-performance map analysis (IPMA) was performed with attitude as the target variable.FindingsA structural equation model revealed that except perceived ease of use (PEOU) all other dimensions, namely perceived usefulness (PU), lifestyle compatibility (LC), facilitating conditions (FC), trust and security significantly influences attitude which, in turn, determines intention. The FIMIX-PLS technique resulted in four segments – The Rationalist, Early Adopters, Late Adopters and The Innovators.Practical implicationsThe paper provides segment specific and between segment differences to derive implications. Identification of relevant predictors and segments will help academicians, marketing researchers and practitioners in gaining further understanding of the mobile wallet adoption. The findings of the paper can guide mobile wallet providers to frame appropriate strategies and offerings pertaining to the obtained segments.Originality/valueThe paper builds upon Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to propose an integrated model to explain adoption behaviors associated with mobile wallet. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is one of the first empirical attempts using FIMIX-PLS technique to assess precursors of adoption and substantiates the perceived value-attitude-intention linkage to identify heterogeneity among mobile wallet users.
Talent management practices in the extreme context of hospitality sector: an exploratory study
Authors: Mousa Mohamed , Arslan Ahmad , Szczepańska-Woszczyna Katarzyna 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to specifically analyse the extent to which talent management practices in the post-COVID-19 era differ from those before the pandemic in the extreme work context of Egyptian hospitality sector.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses an exploratory qualitative research approach where semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 full-time employees working at hotels in Sharm El-Sheikh (Egypt). Moreover, thematic analysis was undertaken on the interview transcripts.

Findings
The findings revealed that in the post-COVID-19 era, the case hotels exclusively use the inclusive talent management approach, in which all staff are recognised by the management as talents with the same workplace privileges. This approach helped to mitigate the negative influences caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, the findings highlighted the criticality of competencies such as multitasking along with in hospitality sector employees in relation to extreme context necessitated by COVID-19. The findings further established that when facing extreme events, such as COVID-19, a shift in training activities towards activating positive mental health and effective shock management among employees is also needed. This study found that organisational support and continuous learning play a vital role in individual employees’ resilience development, which also helped in retaining them.

Originality/value
This paper is one of the pioneering empirical studies on the relationship between talent management practices in extreme contexts and the influences of global disruptions resulting from COVID-19. Moreover, it is one of the few studies to specifically undertake a comparative assessment of the differences in talent management practices pre- and post-COVID-19 time period in the hospitality sector. The study findings contribute to multiple literature streams including extreme context, hospitality, human resource management and transaction stress model.
Promoting supply chain financing performance of SMEs based on the extended resource-based perspective
Authors: Lu Qiang , Deng Yang , Liu Beini , Chen Jinliang 
Published: November 2022

PurposeAs an effective mode to help small and medium enterprises (SMEs) raise working capital, supply chain finance has recently gained extensive attention. The purpose of this paper is to explore the intrinsic mechanism of how both weak and strong ties in the supply chain network impact the supply chain financing performance (SCFP) of SMEs from the perspective of the supply chain network.Design/methodology/approachBased on the extended resource-based perspective, this paper proposes a theoretical model to explain the mode in which strong ties and weak ties of SMEs in the supply chain network influence SCFP through both physical distribution flexibility and demand management flexibility. Based on data from 182 manufacturing firms in China, this paper uses multiple regression analysis to test hypotheses.FindingsThe results of this paper indicate that weak ties improve SCFP more effectively than strong ties. Furthermore, both physical distribution flexibility and demand management flexibility exert different mediating roles either between strong ties and SCFP or between weak ties and SCFP. Moreover, the effect of physical distribution flexibility and demand management flexibility on SCFP of SMEs is not reinforced.Originality/valueThis paper highlights the importance to expand supply chain finance research from the perspective of the supply chain network. In particular, this paper explores the poorly understood mediating effect both physical distribution flexibility and demand management flexibility exert on the relationship between network ties and the SCFP of SMEs.
Diffusion of person-centred care within 27 European countries – interviews with managers, officials, and researchers at the micro, meso, and macro levels
Authors: Rosengren Kristina , Buttigieg Sandra C. , Badanta Bárbara , Carlstrom Eric 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThis study aimed to describe facilitators and barriers in terms of regulation and financing of healthcare due to the implementation and use of person-centred care (PCC).Design/methodology/approachA qualitative design was adopted, using interviews at three different levels: micro = hospital ward, meso = hospital management, and macro = national board/research. Inclusion criteria were staff working in healthcare as first line managers, hospital managers, and officials/researchers on national healthcare systems, such as Bismarck, Beveridge, and mixed/out-of-pocket models, to obtain a European perspective.FindingsCountries, such as Great Britain and Scandinavia (Beveridge tax-based health systems), were inclined to implement and use person-centred care. The relative freedom of a market (Bismarck/mixed models) did not seem to nurture demand for PCC. In countries with an autocratic culture, that is, a high-power distance, such as Mediterranean countries, PCC was regarded as foreign and not applicable. Another reason for difficulties with PCC was the tendency for corruption to hinder equity and promote inertia in the healthcare system.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample of two to three participants divided into the micro, meso, and macro level for each included country was problematic to find due to contacts at national level, a bureaucratic way of working. Some information got caught in the system, and why data collection was inefficient and ran out of time. Therefore, a variation in participants at different levels (micro, meso, and macro) in different countries occurred. In addition, only 27 out of the 49 European countries were included, therefore, conclusions regarding healthcare system are limited.Practical implicationsSupport at the managerial level, together with patient rights supported by European countries' laws, facilitated the diffusion of PCC.Originality/valueFragmented health systems divided by separate policy documents or managerial roadmaps hindered local or regional policies and made it difficult to implement innovation as PCC. Therefore, support at the managerial level, together with patient rights supported by European countries' laws, facilitated the diffusion of PCC.
An integrative framework for building organizational resilience through environmental scanning: a view of organizational information processing theory
Authors: YahiaMarzouk Yasmine , Jin Jiafei 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the impact of environmental scanning on organizational resilience through the mediation of organizational learning and innovation based on organizational information processing theory (OIPT) within Egyptian small and medium enterprises (SMEs) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopted a cross-sectional design to collect the data used to carry out mediation analysis. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample consisting of 249 Egyptian SMEs. The smart partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique was adopted to test the hypotheses.

Findings
Environmental scanning does not have a direct effect on organizational resilience. However, organizational learning and innovation fully mediate the relationship between environmental scanning and organizational resilience.

Research limitations/implications
The sample size was small, covering only Egyptian manufacturing SMEs. The results may differ in the service sector and other countries. The study was cross-sectional which is limited to tracing the long-term effects of environmental scanning, organizational learning and innovation on organizational resilience. Accordingly, a longitudinal study may be undertaken.

Practical implications
Managers in Egyptian SMEs should use signals from environmental scanning activities as input for learning and transforming business processes through innovation to develop organizational resilience.

Originality/value
This study is the first to investigate the role of environmental scanning in building organizational resilience through organizational learning and innovation based on the perspective of OIPT within Egyptian SMEs during the COVID-19 crisis.
Direct inversion for the equivalent pore aspect ratio based on the theory of ellipsoid modelling
Authors: Wang Guoquan , Chen Shuangquan , Wang Yanghua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPore aspect ratio, together with porosity, is a structural parameter that represents the geometric property of rock reservoirs. We have adopted the theory of ellipsoid modelling in material mechanics to derive the dry rock modulus. Based on this derivation, the Gassmann equation, which is a constitutional equation for a fully saturated rock model, can be linearized in terms of the pore structure parameters and the elastic parameters. We have established a relationship between the seismic reflection coefficient and the pore structure parameters, where the equivalent pore aspect ratio and porosity are two key parameters. Based on this relationship, the equivalent pore aspect ratio can be inverted directly from seismic reflection data instead of being converted from the intermediate parameters of conventional seismic inversion. Therefore, seismic inversion is a simultaneous inversion in which seven parameters are inverted: the elastic moduli (matrix bulk modulus and shear modulus, fluid bulk modulus), the densities (matrix and fluid densities) and the pore structure parameters (the equivalent pore aspect ratio and porosity). We applied this direct inversion scheme to a carbonate reservoir to predict the fracture development zone with low porosity and low aspect ratio.
Seismic imaging of the gold deposit and geological structures through reprocessing of legacy seismic profiles near Kloof–Driefontein Complex East Mine, South Africa
Authors: Mutshafa Ndamulelo , Manzi Musa S. D. , Westgate Michael , James Ian , Brodic Bojan , Bourdeau Julie E. , Durrheim Raymond J. , Linzer Lindsay 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTwo legacy reflection seismic profiles were acquired in 1988, north of the Kloof–Driefontein Complex East Mine in the West Rand goldfield (South Africa), for the purpose of gold exploration and mine planning. These legacy 2D seismic data have been reprocessed using the latest processing tools to improve imaging. Special interest is given to the Black Reef Formation, which hosts a known gold orebody. The original legacy data are of poor quality, especially in areas that are dominated by dolomitic outcrops. To improve the quality of the data, special attention was given to the refraction static correction to enhance the continuity of the reflections below dolomitic rocks. Refraction seismic tomograms from both profiles exhibit three‐layer P‐wave velocity models: (1) topsoil (1000–2000 m/s), (2) a weathered layer ranging from ca. 100 to 300 m in thickness (2000–5000 m/s) and (3) bedrock (> 5000 m/s). Seismic profile OK‐212 shows poor imaging of the Black Reef Formation because of the scattering of seismic energy in the near‐surface due to dolomites from the Transvaal Supergroup, while seismic profile OK‐213 exhibits south‐dipping reflections that are associated with the Black Reef Formation. To improve the structural imaging resolution, we tried pre‐stack time migration, pre‐stack depth migration and post‐stack time migration using the Kirchhoff algorithm. PreSDM most improved the imaging of deeper reflections due to its ability to honour complex lateral variations in the velocity field. Both pre‐stack time migration and post‐stack time migration enhanced the continuity of the near‐surface reflections below the dolomitic rocks.
Periphytic biofilms function as a double‐edged sword influencing nitrogen cycling in paddy fields
Authors: Sun Pengfei , Chen Yin , Liu Junzhuo , Xu Ying , Zhou Lei , Wu Yonghong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt remains unclear whether periphytic biofilms are beneficial to N cycling in paddy fields. Here, based on a national‐scale field investigation covering 220 rice fields in China, the N accumulation potential of periphytic biofilms was found to decrease from 8.8 ± 2.4 to 4.5 ± 0.7 g/kg and 3.1 ± 0.6 g/kg with increasing habitat latitude and longitude, respectively. The difference in abundant and rare subcommunities likely accounts for their geo‐difference in N accumulation potential. The N cycling pathways involved in periphytic biofilms inferred that soil N and N2 were two potential sources for N accumulation in periphytic biofilms. Meanwhile, some of the accumulated N may be lost via N2, N2O, NO, or NH3 outputs. Superficially, periphytic biofilms are double‐edged swords to N cycling by increasing soil N through biological N fixation but accelerating greenhouse gas emissions. Essentially, augmented periphytic biofilms increased change of TN (ΔTN) content in paddy soil from −231.9 to 31.9 mg/kg, indicating that periphytic biofilms overall benefit N content enhancement in paddy fields. This study highlights the contribution of periphytic biofilms to N cycling in rice fields, thus, drawing attention to their effect on rice production and environmental security.
Fusarium graminearum GGA protein is critical for fungal development, virulence and ascospore discharge through its involvement in vesicular trafficking
Authors: Sun Fengjiang , Zhang Ruotong , Li Tiantian , Zhang Liyuan , Chen Xiaochen , Liang Yuancun , Chen Lei , Zou Shenshen , Dong Hansong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVesicular trafficking is a conserved material transport process in eukaryotic cells. The GGA family proteins are clathrin adaptors that are involved in eukaryotic vesicle transport, but their functions in phytopathogenic filamentous fungi remain unexplored. Here, we examined the only GGA family protein in Fusarium graminearum, FgGga1, which localizes to both the late Golgi and endosomes. In the absence of FgGga1, the fungal mutant exhibited defects in vegetative growth, DON biosynthesis, ascospore discharge and virulence. Fluorescence microscopy analysis revealed that FgGga1 is associated with trans‐Golgi network (TGN)‐to‐plasma membrane, endosome‐to‐TGN and endosome‐to‐vacuole transport. Mutational analysis on the five domains of FgGga1 showed that the VHS domain was required for endosome‐to‐TGN transport while the GAT167‐248 and the hinge domains were required for both endosome‐to‐TGN and endosome‐to‐vacuole transport. Importantly, the deletion of the FgGga1 domains that are required in vesicular trafficking also inhibited vegetative growth and virulence of F. graminearum. In addition, FgGga1 interacted with the ascospore discharge regulator Ca2+ ATPase FgNeo1, whose transport to the vacuole is dependent on FgGga1‐mediated endosome‐to‐vacuole transport. Our results suggest that FgGga1 is required for fungal development and virulence via FgGga1‐mediated vesicular trafficking, and FgGga1‐mediated endosome‐to‐vacuole transport facilitates ascospore discharge in F. graminearum.