bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concomitant Use of Diltiazem With Direct Oral Anticoagulants and Bleeding Risk in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Xu Yunwen , Chang Alex R. , Inker Lesley A. , McAdams‐DeMarco Mara , Grams Morgan E. , Shin Jung‐Im 
Published: July 2022

Background
Diltiazem, a moderate cytochrome P450 3A4 isozyme/P‐glycoprotein inhibitor, may potentiate the bleeding risk of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) through pharmacokinetic interactions. We evaluated the association between concomitant use of diltiazem with DOACs and bleeding among patients with atrial fibrillation, across varying degrees of kidney function.

Methods and Results

We identified 4544 patients with atrial fibrillation who were initiated on rivaroxaban (n=1583), apixaban (n=2373), or dabigatran (n=588), between 2010 and 2019 in Geisinger Health, with a mean age of 72 years and an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 70 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
. At the time of DOAC initiation, 15% patients were taking diltiazem and an additional 5% were initiated on diltiazem during follow‐up. Among DOAC users, using diltiazem concurrently (versus DOAC alone) was associated with an increased risk of any bleeding‐related hospitalization (unadjusted risk difference, 2.4; 95% CI, 0.6–4.2 events per 100 person‐years; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.56, 95% CI, 1.15–2.12), as well as major bleeding (unadjusted risk difference, 1.4 [95% CI, 0.1–2.6 events per 100 person‐years]; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.84 [95% CI, 1.18–2.85]). Increased risk of any/major bleeding with diltiazem was observed in both patients with and without CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
) (
P
for interaction=0.524 and 0.629, respectively). Among 13 179 warfarin users (the negative control), concomitant diltiazem use was not associated with bleeding.

Conclusions
Concomitant use of diltiazem with DOACs was associated with a higher bleeding risk in patients with atrial fibrillation, consistently in both subgroups of chronic kidney disease and non–chronic kidney disease. For DOAC users, concomitant diltiazem should be prescribed only when the benefit outweighs the risk, with close monitoring for signs of bleeding.
Variation in bird taxonomic distinctness, but not body mass or niche overlap, explains the robustness of Neotropical seed dispersal networks
Authors: Manhães Marco A. , de Lima Wesley O. , Palácio Fábio B. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Frugivory and seed dispersal are fundamental ecological processes for the maintenance and conservation of tropical forest areas and ecosystem resilience. Here we investigated factors that could affect the relationship between frugivorous birds and fruit consumption, such as body mass, niche relationships, and species taxonomic groups, and the effects of such factors on the robustness of mutualistic bird-plant interaction networks. More specifically, we used Horn-Morisita niche overlap, the body mass coefficient of variation, and the variation in taxonomic distinctness index (varTD) as explanatory variables, and we applied multiple linear regression to test the that increased robustness in bird-plant frugivory networks occurs where birds have larger trophic niche overlaps and lower body mass variations and decreased robustness where they are more taxonomically diverse, in response to less functional redundancy. The analysis was based on literature data and fecal samples of birds collected after mist netting procedures. Bird body mass and niche overlap did not explain the variation in robustness in seed dispersal networks. However, different from expected, the results showed an effect of variations in taxonomic distinctness, suggesting that the larger the taxonomic distinctness of birds in a frugivore assemblage, the larger the robustness of the networks. Some hypotheses were suggested to explain this effect. Regardless of the factors that lead varTD to favor the robustness of mutualistic bird-plant networks, the results demonstrated that conserving diversity above the species level, and not just species limited to a few taxonomic groups, can be an important strategy for ecosystem conservation over time.
Saint John Neumann Migrants Centre/FaceBook Page. A Case Study of a Cyberchurch
Authors: Brazal Agnes M. , Lacsa Jose Eric Mella 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper analyzes how the Saint John Neumann Migrants Center and its FB page function as cyberchurch or as a virtual extension of the Our Lady of Perpetual Help Shrine in Baclaran, Philippines. It examines how the FB page/Center responds to the spiritual, religious, and social needs of its members, as well as, how this transnational religious organizational structure impacts on migrants’ relations with the receiving and sending societies. A case study method was employed through non-participant observation of the FB Page/Center, and interviews with informed respondents, including victim-survivors from the Middle East. As mediator of a transnational religion, the SJNMC FB page simultaneously reflects and goes beyond the extended transnational religion prototype identified by Peggy Levitt and exemplified by the Catholic Church. Since it caters primarily to overseas Filipino workers who are only working abroad for the duration of their contract, it strengthens more migrants’ ties with the home country.
House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) do not make good neighbours: Interspecific clutch destruction of Common Swifts (Apus apus)
Authors: Hahn Amnonn , Yosef Reuven 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Following extensive renovation of urban areas of central Israel, and in the framework of a research project of supplying nest-boxes for urban breeding birds, especially Common Swifts Apus apus, we documented interspecific nest destruction by House Sparrows Passer domesticus. In two separate incidents the House Sparrows entered the nest chamber of the swifts and removed the eggs by puncturing them. In one, the incident occurred early enough in the breeding season and allowed the Common Swift pair to renest and successfully fledge two young.
Reflections on ‘Exceptionalism’ and ‘Acceptionalism’
Authors: Pollick G. David 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In 1835, Alexis de Tocqueville introduced the concept of American Exceptionalism in his well known Democracy in America. Its subsequent use has been selective and politically pragmatic, serving a range of pens and purposes, most recently becoming a justification for exclusion and bigotry. This runs counter to the progress higher education has made to internationalize its curricula and to significantly expand the opportunities for students to study abroad over the recent decades at a time when the need for international awareness and understanding is at its greatest. The future success of international programming and institutional partnering will be judged by its ability to prepare students for the real life problems differing peoples are facing, going beyond the most common travel and culture programs which have come to characterize higher education for over 50 years. While the original educational and cultural aspirations for study-abroad, as well as the pragmatic bases for institutional partnerships certainly remain, both the dramatic changes in the delivery of higher education and the significance of the broader challenges societies are facing, call for an expansion and re-examination of the role of national and international partnerships and our expectations for undergraduate study-abroad. Furthermore, it is argued that through a greater application of a more experiential approach to study-abroad, students will develop a richer and more insightful understanding of why all cultures for reasons of their own should be considered exceptional; an understanding that is inclusionary – protagistically replacing exceptionalism with acceptionalism.
International Educational Partnerships for a Troubled World: One Educator’s Experience
Authors: Berberet William G. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article describes international educational partnerships developed in the intellectual tradition of John Dewey’s philosophies of pragmatism and progressive education. In his international work in China and Japan, Dewey sought what might be called “collective intelligence” via cross-cultural experiences fostering democracy through international understanding of the multiple “truths” endemic to different cultures. These partnerships provide models for consideration at a time of growing global unease in the wake of contemporary international tensions somewhat reminiscent of what was described in the United States after World War ii as the Cold War. If anything, current tensions are more complex, intractable, and dangerous because they are driven not only by “superpower” rivalries, but also by regional conflicts involving religious ideologies, mass human migrations, urgent environmental problems, and widespread terrorism and violence. Created primarily during the 1970s and 1980s, the described educational partnerships were intended to foster international understanding through exchanges that paralleled the citizen “people to people” movements of the time that provided critical popular support enabling leaders in the United States, Europe, and the Soviet Union to bring an end to the Cold War and, for a time, collaborate in the optimistic expectation of creating a new world order of cooperation, understanding, and stability.
Implementation of clinical guidelines for osteoarthritis together (IMPACT): protocol for a participatory health research approach to implementing high value care
Authors: Toomey Clodagh M. , Kennedy Norelee , MacFarlane Anne , Glynn Liam , Forbes John , Skou Soren T. , Roos Ewa M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The evidence-based interventions of exercise and education have been strongly recommended as part of prominent clinical guidelines for hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) for more than ten years. Despite the wealth of strong evidence that exists, implementation in practice is sub-optimal. This paper describes the key methodologies used in the co-design, tailoring, and evaluation of the IMPACT project implementation strategies, to confront this problem across multiple levels (micro, meso, macro) in public and private healthcare settings in Ireland.

Methods
Using a type III hybrid implementation-effectiveness design, a participatory, dynamic and iterative process will be used to tailor and evaluate multi-level implementation strategies using the following stages: 1) Co-design the implementation strategies with key stakeholders using best evidence, a theory-driven implementation framework (Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research), local context and expert consensus; 2) Pilot and evaluate the implementation strategies by training physiotherapists to deliver the evidence-based Good Life with osteoArthritis Denmark (GLA:D®) education and exercise programme using the implementation strategies, and conduct a mixed-methods process evaluation; 3) Adapt the implementation strategies based on implementation process evaluation indicators from stage two. The adapted strategies will be used for scale-up and sustainability in subsequent GLA:D® Ireland training programmes that will be rolled out nationally. Evaluation of effectiveness on patient and cost outcomes will continue up to 12 months post-programme delivery, using an online patient registry and pre-post design.

Discussion
This implementation science project aims to use participatory health research to address a gap in management of OA across public and private healthcare settings. This research has the potential to change practice and promote a policy of exercise and physical activity referral for chronic musculoskeletal disease that utilises community engagement effectively and enacts change ‘together’, with involvement of researchers, decision-makers, clinicians and patients.
Evaluation of endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 as a biomarker of glycocalyx damage in canine myxomatous mitral valve disease
Authors: Hong Hee-Jeong , Oh Ye-In , Park Su-Min , An Ju-Hyun , Kim Tae-Hee , Chae Hyung-Kyu , Seo Kyoung-won , Youn Hwa-Young 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 (ESM-1) has emerged as a potential biomarker for cardiovascular disease in humans. Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the most common heart disease in dogs, and we hypothesized that MMVD causes chronic inflammation that increases susceptibility to endothelial glycocalyx (eGCX) damage. In this study, we measured the concentration of ESM-1 in a group of dogs with MMVD and evaluated factors affecting eGCX damage.

Results
Sixty-four dogs (control, n = 6; MMVD, n = 58) were enrolled in this study. There was no significant difference in serum ESM-1 concentrations among the MMVD stages. The serum ESM-1 concentration was significantly higher in the death group than in the alive group in MMVD dogs. (p = 0.006). In five dogs with MMVD, serum ESM-1 concentrations tended to decrease when the cardiac drug (pimobendan, furosemide, and digoxin) dose was increased.

Conclusions
In cases where MMVD progressed to decompensated heart failure with clinical symptoms and resulted in death, the concentration of serum ESM-1 increased significantly. Therefore, ESM-1 could be utilized as a new potential negative prognostic factor in patients with MMVD.
Long-term effectiveness and trajectories of change after treatment with SMART, a transdiagnostic CBT for adolescents with emotional problems
Authors: Lorentzen Veronica , Fagermo Kenneth , Handegård Bjørn Helge , Neumer Simon-Peter , Skre Ingunn 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is a need for long-term effectiveness trials of transdiagnostic treatments. This study investigates the effectiveness and diagnosis-specific trajectories of change in adolescent patients attending SMART, a 6-week transdiagnostic CBT for anxiety and depression, with 6-month follow-up.MethodsA randomized controlled trial with waiting list control (WLC) was performed at three child and adolescent mental health outpatient services (CAMHS) in Norway. Referred adolescents (N = 163, age = 15.72, 90.3% females) scoring 6 or more on the emotional disorders subscale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were randomly assigned to treatment or to WLC. Long-term follow-up (N = 83, baseline age = 15.57, 94% females) was performed 6 months after treatment completion (Mean = 7.1 months, SD = 2.5). Linear mixed model analysis was used to assess time by group effects in patients with no diagnosis, probable anxiety, depressive disorder, and combined anxiety and depressive disorder.ResultsAlmost one third (31%) obtained full recovery according to the inclusion criterium (SDQ emotional). There was highly significant change in all outcome variables. Effect sizes (ES) were largest for general functioning, measured with CGAS (ES: d = 2.19), and on emotional problems measured with SDQ (ES: d = 2.10), while CORE-17, BDI-II and CGAS all obtained ES’s close to 1. There were no significant time by diagnostic group interactions for any outcomes, indicating similar trajectories of change, regardless of diagnostic group. Waiting 6 weeks for treatment had no significant impact on long-term treatment effects.LimitationsPossible regression to the mean. Attrition from baseline to follow-up.ConclusionsSix weeks of transdiagnostic treatment for adolescents with emotional problems showed highly significant change in emotional symptoms and functioning at 6-month follow-up. Patients with anxiety, depression, combined anxiety and depression, and emotional problems with no specific diagnoses, all had similar trajectories of change. Hence this transdiagnostic SMART treatment can be recommended for adolescent patients with symptoms within the broad spectrum of emotional problems.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02150265. First registered May 29, 2014.
Evaluation of furcation involvement with diagnostic imaging methods: a systematic review
Authors: Jolivet Guilhem , Huck Olivier , Petit Catherine 
Published: July 2022

Objective: Multirooted teeth respond less favorably to non-surgical periodontal treatment and long-term tooth prognosis is influenced by the degree of furcation involvement (FI). Therapeutic strategy for multirooted teeth is essentially based on accurate diagnosis of the FI. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the accuracy of the different furcation assessment methods and to determine if radiographic help is needed to determine early stage of FI. Methods: Electronic databases were searched up to March 2021. Comparative studies describing the reliability of different clinical and/or radiological furcation assessment methods were identified. Results: A total of 22 studies comparing at least 2 furcation assessment methods, among which 15 retrospective studies, 5 prospective studies, 1 randomized controlled trial and 1 case series, were included in this review. The reliability of cone beam CT (CBCT), intraoral radiographs (IOs), orthopantomograms (OPGs) and MRI to identify FI was evaluated. Using OFS as a reference for FI detection and diagnosis, agreement ranged from 43.3 to 63% for OPG, 38.7 to 83.1% for IO and 82.4 to 84% for CBCT. The validity of the measurements was mainly influenced by the location of the furcation entrance. For radiological diagnosis, CBCT displayed the closest agreement with OFS while the accuracy of IO and OPG showed modest agreement and were influenced by the examiner’s experience. Conclusion: Altogether, it appears that the use of IO, OPG or CBCT allows detection of FI but could not be considered as gold-standard techniques.
Analysis of extrauterine growth retardation and related risk factors in 132 premature infants
Authors: Sun Meng , Lu Jing , Sun Meng , Zheng Yan , Zhu Qianqian , Liu Caixia 
Published: July 2022

Objectives: To understand the incidence and related risk factors of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) in preterm infants.
Methods: The clinical data of 132 premature infants hospitalized in the neonatal ward of Maternity and Child Health Care of Zaozhuang from July 2019 to June 2020 were collected. Children were divided into groups according to their birth gestational age (<32 weeks, 32~35 weeks and >35 weeks) and birth weight (<1-500 g, 1,500~2,500 g and >2,500 g). Treatment during hospitalization and follow-up after discharge were investigated by retrospective analysis. Incidence of EUGR in premature infants at discharge and the related risk factors leading to this complication, demonstrated by logistic multivariate regression analysis, were summarized.
Results: When evaluated according to weight, length and head circumference, incidence of EUGR at discharge in premature infants were 36.36%, 41.67% and 21.97% respectively. Smaller gestational age and lower birth weight significantly correlated with higher incidence of EUGR at discharge (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that small gestational age, low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, late first intestinal feeding, digestive system complications and respiratory system complications were independent risk factors for EUGR in premature infants discharged from hospital (P<0.05).
Conclusions: The incidence of EUGR in premature infants at discharge is relatively high. Strengthening perinatal health care for pregnant women, reducing the incidence of intrauterine growth retardation and preterm birth, giving intestinal feeding as soon as possible after birth, and actively participating in preventing and treating postnatal complications are effective ways to reduce the incidence of EUGR at discharge.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.6.5864
How to cite this:Sun M, Lu J, Sun M, Zheng Y, Zhu Q, Liu C. Analysis of extrauterine growth retardation and related risk factors in 132 premature infants. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(6):1644-1648. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.6.5864
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
USING DOING & UNDOING GENDER STRATEGIES IN RUSSIAN WOMEN’S CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Gurieva Svetlana D. , Udavikhina Uliana A. 
Published: July 2022

In Russia, the overall number of educated, qualified, healthy, working women is significantly higher than that of men. Nevertheless, women face unequal wage distribution and feel the income gap, rarely reach managerial positions, are not represented at high managerial levels, and are excluded from political life, which is a manifestation of gender inequality. The research was based on the concept of gender strategies of Doing & Undoing Gender Strategies.
The aim of the study was to identify and examine gender-specific career development strategies of Russian women as a way of narrowing the gender gap. The study involved 51 women aged 22 to 60 who were asked to complete a semi-structured interview.
The results were processed by content analysis and frequency analysis. The main results were to confirm the existence of gender strategies as a way of overcoming the gender gap in the organization and to identify and describe the specifics of Russian women’s application of gender strategies in their career development. The Doing Undoing Gender Strategy was used more frequently than the Undoing Gender Strategy. However, the scope of Undoing Gender was significantly wider and more variable. Those women who used a combination of gender strategies rated themselves as “strong performers”, emphasized high subjective satisfaction with their lives (having a family and children), and noted a successful career path, unlike those who used only one of the strategies. A combination of gender strategies can help to promote women’s careers in the best possible way and bridge the gender gap in the organization.
DIAGNOSTICS OF RUSTS AND SPOTTS OF WHEAT USING COMPUTER VISION METHODS
Authors: Arinicheva Irina V. , Arinichev Igor V. , Volkova Galina V. , Polyanskikh Sergey V. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose. To investigate the possibility of diagnosing yellow and brown rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici West. Puccinia triticina f. sp. tritici Erikss), yellow spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechsler) on wheat leaves from images using convolutional neural networks, to compare the most successful and compact neural network architectures.
Materials and methods. The material for the research was the images of samples of wheat leaves affected by rust and spots, obtained in the conditions of infectious nurseries of the All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Plant Protection. The total sample size included 5169 images, including brown rust - 227, yellow rust – 1283, yellow spot – 3659. Research methods: data preprocessing methods, training methods for convolutional neural networks.
Results. A comparison was made of the four most successful and compact neural network architectures GoogleNet, ResNet-18, SqueezeNet-1.0 and DenseNet-121. On test data – 518 images, all of the above models demonstrated high prediction quality. The best result was shown by DenseNet-121, providing a classification accuracy of over 99 %, with two false positives.
Conclusion. The possibility of diagnosing wheat fungal diseases from images using modern methods of computer vision was analyzed. It is shown that under controlled conditions, with a competent organization of the process of collecting and marking data, the problem is successfully solved, and the listed models are the reserve that will automate the stage of phytosanitary monitoring diagnostics.