bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zusammenfassende Diskussion der Ergebnisse zu Studie 2
Authors: Hettmann Maximilian 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDas zentrale Anliegen dieser Arbeit ist die Erforschung professioneller Kompetenzen zur Förderung individueller Motivation in Förderkontexten. Die in Abschnitt 3.1 beschriebene Konzeptualisierung von Kompetenz geht davon aus, dass diese neben den im Rahmen der quantitativen Studie beforschten dispositionalen Faktoren das reale Verhalten in Anforderungssituationen umfasst. Um professionelle Kompetenzen auf der Ebene des konkreten Handelns mit dem Ziel zu erfassen, Ansatzpunkte für Lernangebote zu identifizieren, mit denen Lehrkräfte ihre professionellen Kompetenzen zur Motivationsförderung (weiter-)entwickeln können, muss das professionelle Handeln zunächst beschrieben und hinsichtlich Qualitätskriterien bewertet werden.
Professionelle Kompetenzen, motiviertes Lernen zu fördern
Authors: Hettmann Maximilian 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungEin wichtiger Einflussfaktor im Angebots-Nutzungs-Modell (s. S. 11) von Helmke (2017) sind die Merkmale der Lehrperson mit ihrem Wissen, ihren Überzeugungen und ihrem Engagement. Dieser Faktor wirkt sich, vermittelt über das Unterrichtsangebot, auf die Lernaktivitäten der Schüler*innen und somit auf ihre fachlichen und überfachlichen Leistungen sowie erzieherische Aspekte aus. Diese Merkmale der Lehrperson werden als entscheidende Stelle zur Optimierung von Bildungs- und Lernprozessen im schulischen Kontext gesehen.
Erhebungsinstrumente für Studie 1
Authors: Hettmann Maximilian 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Instrumente zur Untersuchung der Wissens- und Überzeugungsfacetten dienen der Untersuchung der Entwicklungen der KMLF. Sie umfassen Instrumente bzw. Fragen zu drei Aspekten: (1) ein Wissenstest zu motivationsbezogenem pädagogisch-psychologischem Wissen und der entsprechenden Sicherheit dieses Wissens, (2) Skalen zur Erfassung der motivationalen Orientierung und (3) Skalen zur Erfassung der Überzeugungen hinsichtlich des Lehrens und Lernens von Mathematik (vgl. Abschnitt 3.3; vgl. Baumert und Kunter 2006).
BEEsy Mission – das Bienenprojekt der Hochschule Pforzheim
Authors: Bertagnolli Frank , Bludau Simon , Fetzer Lea , Hadamek Lucas , Herrmann Tayla , Treick Amy 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Hochschule Pforzheim ist mit rund 6200 Studierenden eine der größten Hochschulen für Angewandte Wissenschaften Baden-Württembergs. Dabei spielt Nachhaltigkeit und eine entsprechende Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung eine zentrale Rolle, sodass die Hochschule unter anderem die „Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME)“ unterzeichnet hat. Diese Prinzipien treiben maßgeblich die Integration der „17 Sustainable Development Goals“ in der Lehre voran.
Bienen im Kontext der Nachhaltigkeit
Authors: Bertagnolli Frank , Bludau Simon , Fetzer Lea , Hadamek Lucas , Herrmann Tayla , Treick Amy 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungBienen sind ein unersetzlicher Bestandteil unserer Ökosysteme und unverzichtbar für unser aller Wohlergehen. Hierzulande werden fast 80 % aller Nutz- und Wildpflanzen von Bienen bestäubt, sodass die Biene als drittwichtigstes Nutztier nach Rind und Schwein gilt. Die Bestäubungsleistung der Bienen, die mit einem volkswirtschaftlichen Nutzen in Deutschland von rund 1,6 Mrd. EUR im Jahr beziffert wird, ist von fundamentaler Relevanz für die biologische Vielfalt und ihren Fortbestand.
Black hole attractors and U(1) Fayet-Iliopoulos gaugings: analysis and classification
Authors: Astesiano Davide , Cacciatori Sergio L. , Marrani Alessio 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We classify the critical points of the effective black hole potential which governs the attractor mechanism taking place at the horizon of static dyonic extremal black holes in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2, D = 4 Maxwell-Einstein supergravity with U(1) Fayet-Iliopoulos gaugings. We use a manifestly symplectic covariant formalism, and we consider both spherical and hyperbolic horizons, recognizing the relevant sub-classes to which some representative examples belong. We also exploit projective special Kähler geometry of vector multiplets scalar manifolds, the U-duality-invariant quartic structure (and 2-polarizations thereof) in order to retrieve and generalize various expressions of the entropy of asymptotically AdS4 BPS black holes, in the cases in which the scalar manifolds are symmetric spaces. Finally, we present a novel static extremal black hole solution to the STU model, in which the dilaton interpolates between an hyperbolic near-horizon geometry and AdS4 at infinity.
The Cauchy problem for 3-evolution equations with data in Gelfand–Shilov spaces
Authors: Arias Junior Alexandre , Ascanelli Alessia , Cappiello Marco 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe consider the Cauchy problem for a third-order evolution operator P with (t, x)-depending coefficients and complex-valued lower-order terms. We assume the initial data to be Gevrey regular with an exponential decay at infinity, that is, the data belong to some Gelfand–Shilov space of type $${\mathscr {S}}$$
S
. Under suitable assumptions on the decay at infinity of the imaginary parts of the coefficients of P we prove the existence of a solution with the same Gevrey regularity of the data and we describe its behavior for $$|x| \rightarrow \infty $$

|
x
|
→
∞

.
Strict Positive Definiteness of Convolutional and Axially Symmetric Kernels on d-Dimensional Spheres
Authors: Buhmann Martin , Jäger Janin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe paper introduces new sufficient conditions of strict positive definiteness for kernels on d-dimensional spheres which are not radially symmetric but possess specific coefficient structures. The results use the series expansion of the kernel in spherical harmonics. The kernels either have a convolutional form or are axially symmetric with respect to one axis. The given results on convolutional kernels generalise the result derived by Chen et al. (Proc Am Math Soc 131:2733–2740, 2003) for radial kernels.
Cannabidiol but not cannabidiolic acid reduces behavioural sensitisation to methamphetamine in rats, at pharmacologically effective doses
Authors: Umpierrez Laísa S. , Costa Priscila A. , Michelutti Eden A. , Baracz Sarah J. , Sauer Melanie , Turner Anita J. , Everett Nicholas A. , Arnold Jonathon C. , McGregor Iain S. , Cornish Jennifer L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRationaleCannabidiol (CBD) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) are non-psychoactive components of the cannabis plant. CBD has been well characterised to have anxiolytic and anticonvulsant activity, whereas the behavioural effects of CBDA are less clear. Preclinical and clinical data suggests that CBD has antipsychotic properties and reduces methamphetamine self-administration in rats. An animal model that is commonly used to mimic the neurochemical changes underlying psychosis and drug dependence is methamphetamine (METH) sensitisation, where repeated administration of the psychostimulant progressively increases the locomotor effects of METH.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether CBD or CBDA attenuate METH-induced sensitisation of locomotor hyperactivity in rats.MethodsEighty-six male Sprague Dawley rats underwent METH sensitisation protocol where they were subjected to daily METH (1 mg/kg on days 2 and 8, 5 mg/kg on days 3–7; i.p.) injections for 7 days. After 21 days of withdrawal, rats were given a prior injection of CBD (0, 40 and 80 mg/kg; i.p.) or CBDA (0, 0.1, 10 and 1000 µg/kg; i.p.) and challenged with acute METH (1 mg/kg; i.p.). Locomotor activity was then measured for 60 min.ResultsRats displayed robust METH sensitisation as evidenced by increased locomotor activity to METH challenge in METH-pretreated versus SAL-pretreated rats. CBD (40 and 80 mg/kg) reduced METH-induced sensitisation. There was no effect of any CBDA doses on METH sensitisation or acute METH-induced hyperactivity.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that CBD, but not CBDA, reduces METH sensitisation of locomotor activity in rats at pharmacologically effective doses, thus reinforcing evidence that CBD has anti-addiction and antipsychotic properties.
Infiltrative growth pattern of prostate cancer is associated with lower uptake on PSMA PET and reduced diffusion restriction on mpMRI
Authors: Laudicella Riccardo , Rüschoff Jan H. , Ferraro Daniela A. , Brada Muriel D. , Hausmann Daniel , Mebert Iliana , Maurer Alexander , Hermanns Thomas , Eberli Daniel , Rupp Niels J. , Burger Irene A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Recently, a significant association was shown between novel growth patterns on histopathology of prostate cancer (PCa) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) uptake on [68Ga]PSMA-PET. It is the aim of this study to evaluate the association between these growth patterns and ADC (mm2/1000 s) values in comparison to [68Ga]PSMA uptake on PET/MRI.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent [68Ga]PSMA PET/MRI for staging or biopsy guidance, followed by radical prostatectomy at our institution between 07/2016 and 01/2020. The dominant lesion per patient was selected based on histopathology and correlated to PET/MRI in a multidisciplinary meeting, and quantified using SUVmax for PSMA uptake and ADCmean for diffusion restriction. PCa growth pattern was classified as expansive (EXP) or infiltrative (INF) according to its properties of forming a tumoral mass or infiltrating diffusely between benign glands by two independent pathologists. Furthermore, the corresponding WHO2016 ISUP tumor grade was evaluated. The t test was used to compare means, Pearson’s test for categorical correlation, Cohen’s kappa test for interrater agreement, and ROC curve to determine the best cutoff.

Results
Sixty-two patients were included (mean PSA 11.7 ± 12.5). The interrater agreement between both pathologists was almost perfect with κ = 0.81. While 25 lesions had an EXP-growth with an ADCmean of 0.777 ± 0.109, 37 showed an INF-growth with a significantly higher ADCmean of 1.079 ± 0.262 (p < 0.001). We also observed a significant difference regarding PSMA SUVmax for the EXP-growth (19.2 ± 10.9) versus the INF-growth (9.4 ± 6.2, p < 0.001). Within the lesions encompassing the EXP- or the INF-growth, no significant correlation between the ISUP groups and ADCmean could be observed (p = 0.982 and p = 0.861, respectively).

Conclusion
PCa with INF-growth showed significantly lower SUVmax and higher ADCmean values compared to PCa with EXP-growth. Within the growth groups, ADCmean values were independent from ISUP grading.
Hospital frailty risk score predicts adverse events in spine surgery
Authors: Pulido Loreto C. , Meyer Matthias , Reinhard Jan , Kappenschneider Tobias , Grifka Joachim , Weber Markus 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) is derived from routinely collected data and validated as a geriatric risk stratification tool. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of the HFRS as a predictor for postoperative adverse events in spine surgery.

Methods
In this retrospective analysis of 2042 patients undergoing spine surgery at a university spine center between 2011 and 2019, HFRS was calculated for each patient. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between the HFRS and postoperative adverse events. Adverse events were compared between patients with high or low frailty risk.

Results
Patients with intermediate or high frailty risk showed a higher rate of reoperation (19.7% vs. 12.2%, p < 0.01), surgical site infection (3.4% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001), internal complications (4.1% vs. 1.1%, p < 0.01), Clavien–Dindo IV complications (8.8% vs. 3.4%, p < 0.001) and transfusion (10.9% vs. 1.5%, p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed a high HFRS as independent risk factor for reoperation [odds ratio (OR) = 1.1; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0–1.2], transfusion (OR = 1.3; 95% CI 1.2–1.4), internal complications (OR = 1.2; 95% CI 1.1–1.3), surgical site infections (OR = 1.3; 95% CI 1.2–1.5) and other complications (OR = 1.3; 95% CI 1.2–1.4).

Conclusion
The HFRS can predict adverse events and is an easy instrument, fed from routine hospital data. By identifying risk patients at an early stage, the individual patient risk could be minimized, which leads to less complications and lower costs.

Level of evidence
Level III – retrospective cohort study

Trial registration
The study was approved by the local ethics committee (20-1821-104) of the University of Regensburg in February 2020.
A nutraceutical formulation combined with sclerofoam-assisted laser treatment ameliorates chronic venous insufficiency
Authors: Palmieri Beniamino , Vadalà Maria , Urso Simone Ugo , Baldini Laura Ornella , Fanelli Caterina , Morales-Medina Julio Cesar , Iannitti Tommaso 
Published: April 2022

AbstractChronic venous insufficiency has a high impact on the healthcare system due to its high incidence worldwide. We performed a study in 30 women with thigh and leg varices due to major saphenous vein valve incontinence with saphenous trunk reflux causing phlebo-lymphoedema to assess the efficacy of sclerofoam-assisted laser treatment combined with nutraceutical administration. The patients underwent endovascular combination sealing of the saphenous trunk with sclerofoam-assisted laser treatment technique into the major saphenous veins under low-volume tumescent anesthesia followed by intraoperative phlebectomies. Post-operatively, the patients received capsules containing Aesculus Hippocastanum, chondroitin sulphate, proanthocyanidins from Pinus pinaster Aiton, proanthocyanidins from Vitis vinifera L., hydrolysed marine collagen and carcinine dihydrochloride for 3 weeks. We evaluated the extracellular fluid volume of the lower limbs using bioimpedance spectroscopy pre- (T0) and post-surgery (T2) (impedance is a vector which is composed of two components, resistance [RES] and reactance [REA)]). In addition, we evaluated the following parameters pre- and post-surgery: pain, heaviness, paresthesia, itching, swelling, daily urine volume output and leg volume. Limb volume was significantly decreased at T2 compared to T0 (p < 0.01). RES and REA were significantly increased at T2 compared to T0 (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.01, respectively). A significant improvement in heaviness, paresthesia, pain, swelling and itch was also observed (all p < 0.0001) while no changes in terms of diuresis occurred. No adverse effects were observed. The present study shows a promising approach to the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency that warrants further clinical studies in larger cohorts of patients.
How do tax compliance labels impact sharing platform consumers? An empirical study on the interplay of trust, moral, and intention to book
Authors: Dann David , Müller Raphael , Werner Ann-Catherin , Teubner Timm , Mädche Alexander , Spengel Christoph 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe platform economy has generated various new and highly successful business models. However, certain models facilitate tax evasion for service providers on their income earned on these platforms. While tax evasion contradicts the pro-social claim of many sharing platforms, it is unclear whether a provider’s tax honesty constitutes a value for consumers at all. This study investigates the role of tax compliance for platform users by employing an online experiment ($$n=286$$n=286). The results indicate that consumers perceive providers’ tax compliance and consider it as a trust-enhancing signal. In further analysis, we find that consumers’ moral norms moderate both the signal’s trust-building effect as well as the relation between trust and transaction intention. In light of recent policy debates around taxing the platform economy, this study provides valuable practical insights for tax legislators.
T2* assessment of the three coronary artery territories of the left ventricular wall by different monoexponential truncation methods
Authors: Triadyaksa Pandji , Overbosch Jelle , Oudkerk Matthijs , Sijens Paul Eduard 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed at evaluating left ventricular myocardial pixel-wise T2* using two truncation methods for different iron deposition T2* ranges and comparison of segmental T2* in different coronary artery territories.

Material and methods
Bright blood multi-gradient echo data of 30 patients were quantified by pixel-wise monoexponential T2* fitting with its R2 and SNR truncation. T2* was analyzed at different iron classifications. At low iron classification, T2* values were also analyzed by coronary artery territories.

Results
The right coronary artery has a significantly higher T2* value than the other coronary artery territories. No significant difference was found in classifying severe iron by the two truncation methods in any myocardial region, whereas in moderate iron, it is only apparent at septal segments. The R2 truncation produces a significantly higher T2* value than the SNR method when low iron is indicated.

Conclusion
Clear T2* differentiation between the three coronary territories by the two truncation methods is demonstrated. The two truncation methods can be used interchangeably in classifying severe and moderate iron deposition at the recommended septal region. However, in patients with low iron indication, different results by the two truncation methods can mislead the investigation of early iron level progression.
Breast cancer microenvironment and obesity: challenges for therapy
Authors: Hillers-Ziemer Lauren E. , Kuziel Genevra , Williams Abbey E. , Moore Brittney N. , Arendt Lisa M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Women with obesity who develop breast cancer have a worsened prognosis with diminished survival rates and increased rates of metastasis. Obesity is also associated with decreased breast cancer response to endocrine and chemotherapeutic treatments. Studies utilizing multiple in vivo models of obesity as well as human breast tumors have enhanced our understanding of how obesity alters the breast tumor microenvironment. Changes in the complement and function of adipocytes, adipose-derived stromal cells, immune cells, and endothelial cells and remodeling of the extracellular matrix all contribute to the rapid growth of breast tumors in the context of obesity. Interactions of these cells enhance secretion of cytokines and adipokines as well as local levels of estrogen within the breast tumor microenvironment that promote resistance to multiple therapies. In this review, we will discuss our current understanding of the impact of obesity on the breast tumor microenvironment, how obesity-induced changes in cellular interactions promote resistance to breast cancer treatments, and areas for development of treatment interventions for breast cancer patients with obesity.
The Ground Truth program: simulations as test beds for social science research methods
Authors: Naugle Asmeret , Russell Adam , Lakkaraju Kiran , Swiler Laura , Verzi Stephen , Romero Vicente 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSocial systems are uniquely complex and difficult to study, but understanding them is vital to solving the world’s problems. The Ground Truth program developed a new way of testing the research methods that attempt to understand and leverage the Human Domain and its associated complexities. The program developed simulations of social systems as virtual world test beds. Not only were these simulations able to produce data on future states of the system under various circumstances and scenarios, but their causal ground truth was also explicitly known. Research teams studied these virtual worlds, facilitating deep validation of causal inference, prediction, and prescription methods. The Ground Truth program model provides a way to test and validate research methods to an extent previously impossible, and to study the intricacies and interactions of different components of research.
Missing the wealthy in the HFCS: micro problems with macro implications
Authors: Waltl Sofie R. , Chakraborty Robin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWealth aggregates implied by the Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS) usually yield much lower amounts than macroeconomic statistics reported in the National Accounts. An important source of this gap may be the under-representation of the wealthiest households in the HFCS. This article therefore combines a semi-parametric Pareto model estimated from top survey data and observations from rich lists with a non-parametric stratification approach to quantify the impact of the missing wealthy households on component-specific micro-macro gaps. We find that unadjusted micro data substantially underestimates wealth inequality. The largest effects are documented for equity. For other components, the missing wealthy explain less than ten percentage points of the micro-macro gap. We find that differences in oversampling strategies limit the cross-country comparability of unadjusted survey-implied wealth distributions and that our top tail adjustment leads to measures that are internationally better comparable.
‘But You Could Have Hurt Me!’: Risk and Harm
Authors: Bowen Joseph 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper answers two questions. First, on the assumption that risk of harm is of moral significance, does risk’s moral significance lay in its being harmful? Second, is risk of harm itself harmful? I argue that either risk is not harmful or that risk is harmful only in a small range of cases. If risk is not harmful, and yet risk is of moral significance, risk’s moral significance cannot lie in its being harmful. And if risk is harmful only in a small range of the cases in which risk is of moral significance, risk’s moral significance cannot lie in its being harmful.
Algorithm selection on a meta level
Authors: Tornede Alexander , Gehring Lukas , Tornede Tanja , Wever Marcel , Hüllermeier Eyke 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe problem of selecting an algorithm that appears most suitable for a specific instance of an algorithmic problem class, such as the Boolean satisfiability problem, is called instance-specific algorithm selection. Over the past decade, the problem has received considerable attention, resulting in a number of different methods for algorithm selection. Although most of these methods are based on machine learning, surprisingly little work has been done on meta learning, that is, on taking advantage of the complementarity of existing algorithm selection methods in order to combine them into a single superior algorithm selector. In this paper, we introduce the problem of meta algorithm selection, which essentially asks for the best way to combine a given set of algorithm selectors. We present a general methodological framework for meta algorithm selection as well as several concrete learning methods as instantiations of this framework, essentially combining ideas of meta learning and ensemble learning. In an extensive experimental evaluation, we demonstrate that ensembles of algorithm selectors can significantly outperform single algorithm selectors and have the potential to form the new state of the art in algorithm selection.
Constructivist Facts as the Bridge Between Is and Ought
Authors: Hage Jaap 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article describes how the facts in social reality take an intermediate position between objective facts and purely subjective ‘facts’. In turn, these social facts can be subdivided into constructivist and non-constructivist facts. The defining difference is that non-constructivist facts are completely determined by an approximate consensus between the members of a social group, while constructivist facts are founded in such a consensus but can nevertheless be questioned. Ought fact are such constructivist facts. Because they are founded in social reality, a naturalistic theory of ought facts is attractive. Because constructivist facts are always open to questioning, we can explain why the facts in social reality may found ought facts but are nevertheless not the final word about them.