bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PiLSL: pairwise interaction learning-based graph neural network for synthetic lethality prediction in human cancers
Authors: Liu Xin , Yu Jiale , Tao Siyu , Yang Beiyuan , Wang Shike , Wang Lin , Bai Fang , Zheng Jie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMotivationSynthetic lethality (SL) is a type of genetic interaction in which the simultaneous inactivation of two genes leads to cell death, while the inactivation of a single gene does not affect the cell viability. It can effectively expand the range of anti-cancer therapeutic targets. SL interactions are identified mainly by experimental screening and computational prediction. Recent machine-learning methods mostly learn the representation of each gene individually, ignoring the representation of the pairwise interaction between two genes. In addition, the mechanisms of SL, the key to translating SL into cancer therapeutics, are often unclear.ResultsTo fill the gaps, we propose a pairwise interaction learning-based graph neural network (GNN) named PiLSL to learn the representation of pairwise interaction between two genes for SL prediction. First, we construct an enclosing graph for each pair of genes from a knowledge graph. Secondly, we design an attentive embedding propagation layer in a GNN to discriminate the importance among the edges in the enclosing graph and to learn the latent features of the pairwise interaction from the weighted enclosing graph. Finally, we further fuse the latent features with explicit features extracted from multi-omics data to obtain powerful gene representations for SL prediction. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that PiLSL outperforms the best baseline by a large margin and generalizes well under three realistic scenarios. Besides, PiLSL provides an explanation of SL mechanisms via the weighted paths in the enclosing graphs by attention mechanism.Availability and implementationOur source code is available at https://github.com/JieZheng-ShanghaiTech/PiLSL.
Conversion therapy for initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma using a combination of toripalimab, lenvatinib plus TACE: real-world study
Authors: Qu Wei-Feng , Ding Zhen-Bin , Qu Xu-Dong , Tang Zheng , Zhu Gui-Qi , Fu Xiu-Tao , Zhang Zi-Han , Zhang Xin , Huang Ao , Tang Min , Tian Meng-Xin , Jiang Xi-Fei , Huang Run , Tao Chen-Yang , Fang Yuan , Gao Jun , Wu Xiao-Ling , Zhou Jian , Fan Jia , Liu Wei-Ren , Shi Ying-Hong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Combination conversion therapies afforded curative surgery chance for initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). This study aimed to evaluate the conversion rate and clinical outcomes of a first-line conversion regimen of lenvatinib combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus immunotherapy for initial uHCC by interpreting real-world data.

Methods
Conversion therapy data of patients with uHCC from November 2018 to January 2021 were analysed. The regimens included triple combination therapy (t-CT: lenvatinib, TACE, plus toripalimab) and dual combination therapy (d-CT: lenvatinib plus TACE). Another study population diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma of macrovascular invasion disease were included as the upfront surgery cohort. Treatment responses and conversion rate were primary outcomes. Survival and adverse events were analysed.

Results
Fifty-one patients receiving t-CT (n = 30) and d-CT (n = 21) were enrolled. Higher overall response rates (76.7 per cent versus 47.6 per cent, P = 0.042) and disease control rates (90.0 per cent versus 57.1 per cent, P = 0.042) were observed via t-CT than d-CT. Both median overall survival and event-free survival were not reached in the t-CT cohort. A higher rate of curative conversion resection was achieved through t-CT than d-CT (50.0 per cent versus 19.0 per cent, P = 0.039). The disease-free survival of patients undergoing conversion resection in the t-CT cohort (n = 15) was higher than that in the upfront surgery cohort (n = 68, P = 0.039). Both t-CT and d-CT regimens were tolerable.

Conclusions
Better treatment responses and conversion rate for patients with uHCC were obtained with first-line t-CT. Neoadjuvant t-CT before surgery should be recommended for patients with macrovascular invasion.
Character-Based Value Factorization For MADRL
Authors: Liqin Xiong , Lei Cao , Xiliang Chen , Jun Lai , Xijian Luo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Value factorization is a popular method for cooperative multi-agent deep reinforcement learning. In this method, agents generally have the same ability and rely only on individual value function to select actions, which is calculated from total environment reward. It ignores the impact of individual characteristics of heterogeneous agents on actions selection, which leads to the lack of pertinence during training and the increase of difficulty in learning effective policies. In order to stimulate individual awareness of heterogeneous agents and improve their learning efficiency and stability, we propose a novel value factorization method based on Personality Characteristics, PCQMIX, which assigns personality characteristics to each agent and takes them as internal rewards to train agents. As a result, PCQMIX can generate heterogeneous agents with specific personality characteristics suitable for specific scenarios. Experiments show that PCQMIX generates agents with stable personality characteristics and outperforms all baselines in multiple scenarios of the StarCraft II micromanagement task.
Comparison of the Risk of Crohn’s Disease Postoperative Recurrence Between Modified Rutgeerts Score i2a and i2b Categories: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis
Authors: Rivière Pauline , Pekow Joel , Hammoudi Nassim , Wils Pauline , De Cruz Peter , Wang Christina Pu , Mañosa Míriam , Ollech Jacob , Allez Matthieu , Nachury Maria , Kamm Michael A , Ahanori Maya , Ferrante Marc , Buisson Anthony , Singh Siddarth , Laharie David , Diouf Momar , Fumery Mathurin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
The modified Rutgeerts’ score [RS] differentiates i2a—lesions confined to the anastomosis—and i2b—more than five aphthous ulcers in the neoterminal ileum with normal intervening mucosa, with or without anastomotic lesions—categories. Its relevance for the therapeutic management of Crohn’s disease [CD] patients after ileocolic resection is still debated. Our objective was to compare the postoperative recurrence risk in patients with an i2a or i2b score, using an individual patient data meta-analysis.

Methods
We conducted a systematic literature search until July 2020, to identify all relevant studies reporting the i2a/i2b status in the year following ileocolic resection and clinical and/or surgical postoperative CD recurrence in their follow-up. Individual patient-level data were obtained from the corresponding authors. The association between the modified RS and time-to-event was evaluated using a mixed Cox model with the centre as the random effect.

Results
Seven studies published between 2008 and 2019 were included, corresponding to 400 patients: 189 [47%] i2a and 211 [53%] i2b. Median [interquartile range, IQR] time from ileocolic resection to ileocolonoscopy was 6.2 [5.5, 7.9] months and median [IQR] follow-up time after ileocolonoscopy was 4.5 [2.9, 7.3] years. The risk of clinical postoperative recurrence at 1 and 3 years was 11% [6–15%], and 25% [18–32%] in the i2a group versus 9% [5–13%] and 33% [26–41%] in the i2b group [p = 0.63 and p = 0.12, respectively]. No significant difference was observed in terms of time to clinical postoperative recurrence [p = 0.16] or surgical postoperative recurrence [p = 0.87]. Results did not change after excluding patients having initiated an immunosuppressant or a biologic in the 3 months after endoscopy [remaining cohort, n = 361].

Conclusions
In this individual patient data meta-analysis, no difference was observed between i2a and i2b subcategories with regards to clinical or surgical postoperative recurrence. As we wait for prospective trials, the same treatment strategy could be applied to all patients classified as i2 on the Rutgeerts score.
Artificial intelligence–derived cardiac ageing is associated with cardiac events post-heart transplantation
Authors: Ozcan Ilke , Toya Takumi , Cohen-Shelly Michal , Park Hyun Woong , Ahmad Ali , Ozcan Alp , Noseworthy Peter A , Kapa Suraj , Lerman Lilach O , Attia Zachi I , Kushwaha Sudhir S , Friedman Paul A , Lerman Amir 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsAn artificial intelligence algorithm detecting age from 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) has been suggested to reflect ‘physiological age’. An increased physiological age has been associated with a higher risk of cardiac mortality in the non-transplant population. We aimed to investigate the utility of this algorithm in patients who underwent heart transplantation (HTx).Methods and resultsA total of 540 patients were studied. The average ECG ages within 1 year before and after HTx were used to represent pre- and post-HTx ECG ages. Major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) was defined as any coronary revascularization, heart failure hospitalization, re-transplantation, and mortality. Recipient pre-transplant ECG age (mean 63 ± 11 years) correlated significantly with recipient chronological age (mean 49 ± 14 years, R = 0.63, P &lt; 0.0001), while post-transplant ECG age (mean 54 ± 10 years) correlated with both the donor (mean 32 ± 13 years, R = 0.45, P &lt; 0.0001) and the recipient ages (R = 0.38, P &lt; 0.0001). During a median follow-up of 8.8 years, 307 patients experienced MACE. Patients with an increase in ECG age post-transplant showed an increased risk of MACE [hazard ratio (HR): 1.58, 95% confidence interval (CI): (1.24, 2.01), P = 0.0002], even after adjusting for potential confounders [HR: 1.58, 95% CI: (1.19, 2.10), P = 0.002].ConclusionElectrocardiogram age-derived cardiac ageing after transplantation is associated with a higher risk of MACE. This study suggests that physiological age change of the heart might be an important determinant of MACE risk post-HTx.
The Regulation of Environmentally Harmful Fossil Fuel Subsidies: From Obscurity to Prominence in the Multilateral Trading System
Authors: Asmelash Henok 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Environmentally harmful fossil fuel subsidies were notably absent from efforts to enhance the mutual supportiveness of trade and environment in the multilateral trading system. However, a combination of factors has recently propelled the regulation of such subsidies up the trade and environment agenda. The recently launched initiative to negotiate a plurilateral Agreement on Climate Change, Trade and Sustainability (ACCTS) represents the latest and most ambitious of the growing number of initiatives to discipline fossil fuel subsidies. This article examines the factors that brought the regulation of fossil fuel subsidies to prominence and the prospects of the ACCTS initiative to introduce binding rules on fossil fuel subsidies. The article argues that such an initiative is long overdue, but it faces significant hurdles to succeed. Drawing on past and present intergovernmental initiatives to tackle environmentally harmful subsidies, the article highlights the key challenges on the road ahead and suggests possible ways forward.
Forum: Gendered Dynamics of Academic Networks
Authors: Scalera Elliott Jamie , Mitchell Sara McLaughlin , Dion Michelle L , Vargas Thomas R , Krupnikov Yanna , Milita Kerri , Barry Ryan John , Smith Victoria , Style Hillary , Crawford Kerry F , Windsor Leah C , Fattore Christina , Breuning Marijke , Ramos Jennifer 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This forum examines whether scholars’ access to networks in the international studies profession is gendered and if so, the consequences of those networks for personal and professional success. Academic networks that encompass both professional and personal connections have been proposed as one solution to chilly climate issues because they provide a dual function of enhancing scholarly productivity and inclusion in the profession. The articles in the forum consider both professional (e.g., citation) and personal (e.g., mentorship, friendship) networks, as well as traditional (e.g., invited talks) and nontraditional (e.g., social media) networks. The authors show that biases that arise through the gendered nature of academic networks can be mitigated through social media, mentoring, and friendship networks. However, we must also be cognizant of other factors that create barriers for women in the profession (e.g., university prestige, parenthood, COVID-19).
Effect of Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) Aldehydes on Efficacy of Fungal Biopesticides
Authors: Dery Mark , Choe Dong-Hwan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe use of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals. – Criv.) Vuill. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) has been recently incorporated in the management of bed bugs, Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae). Bed bugs produce a set of aldehydes that are known to affect the growth of some fungi. Considering that bed bugs or their exuviae release these aldehydes, it was suspected that the bed bugs’ aggregation sites would contain an increased level of the bed bug aldehydes. The current study examined if elevated levels of the bed bug aldehydes in the microhabitats would impact the efficacy of B. bassiana. Following a brief exposure to the residues of commercial products containing B. bassiana, the treated bed bugs were kept in a vial with or without a natural or artificial blend of bed bug aldehydes (i.e., exuviae or synthetic compounds). For a B. bassiana product that is not currently registered for bed bugs control, the presence of aldehydes significantly reduced 15-d mortality (61–62%) compared to the no aldehydes control (97.7%). However, when tested with a B. bassiana formulation designed for bed bug control, the aldehydes only caused delayed mortality for the treated bed bugs. When tested in culture, the growth rate of B. bassiana on a medium was significantly reduced when the bed bug aldehydes were provided in the headspace. Implications on practical bed bug management using fungal biopesticides are discussed.
Evaluation of Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Methyl Benzoate on the Generalist PredatorOrius laevigatus(Fieber)
Authors: Mostafiz Md Munir , Güncan Ali , Lee Kyeong-Yeoll 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMethyl benzoate (MBe), a volatile organic molecule, has been shown to have insecticidal effects on a variety of agricultural, stored products, and urban arthropod pests in recent investigations. However, the toxicity of MBe against nontarget organisms has rarely been investigated. This study investigated the lethal and sublethal effects of MBe on the generalist predator Orius laevigatus (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) via different exposure routes. This species is an important natural enemy of thrips, aphids, and mites in biological control programs globally. Acute toxicity bioassays conducted on O. laevigatus showed that the lethal median concentration (LC50) values of MBe for topical and residual toxicity were 0.73 and 0.94%, respectively, after 24 hr of exposure. Importantly, a sublethal concentration of MBe (LC30 = 0.51%) did not affect the survival and reproduction of O. laevigatus. In addition, prey consumption by O. laevigatus under different exposure conditions with varying densities of Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) adults demonstrated a good fit for a Type II functional response. The sublethal concentration of MBe did not affect the attack rate and handling time of O. laevigatus compared to untreated insects, nor did it affect the longevity and fecundity of O. laevigatus females. Thus, according to the International Organization for Biological Control, the sublethal MBe concentration for O. laevigatus is categorized as harmless and may be used in conjunction with this predator species for integrated control of many agricultural insect pests.
Molecular Studies of Relationships and Identifications Among Insects of the Subfamily Panchaetothripinae (Thysanoptera, Thripidae)
Authors: Xie Yan Lan , Mound Laurence A , Lima Élison Fabrício Bezerra , He Shu Qi , Zhang Hong Rui , Li Ya Jin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Panchaetothripinae comprises 42 genera and 146 species of leaf-feeding thrips, some of which are horticultural pests. We examined representatives of the 18 genera that include most of these pests. For species delimitation, we used DNA barcoding to produce171 sequences for 40 morphospecies. Most species were found to be monophyletic, although cryptic diversity was evident in 8 presumptive species. A multilocus molecular phylogenetic assessment was based on one mitochondrial (COI) and three nuclear loci (EF-1α, ITS2, and 28S) from 132 specimens (18 genera and 33 species), representing all genera and ~82% of species in China. Maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) confirmed monophyly of each genus with strong support. Monophyly of tribes Panchaetothripini and Monilothripini were refuted, but the well supported tribe Tryphactothripini was confirmed. Rhipiphorothrips was recovered as a sister to the remainder of the genera of Panchaetothripinae combined. Both analyses revealed two major clades. Clade A comprised the majority of the genera, including tribe Tryphactothripini. Clade B included only four genera of which two, Helionothrips and Caliothrips, are particularly species rich. The relationships of some genera remain unresolved.
P099 Molecular identification of dermatophyte species from Eastern Assam, Northeast India
Authors: Boro Sumita , Bagchi Anindita , Nath Reema 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Poster session 1, September 21, 2022, 12:30 PM - 1:30 PM

Objectives
Dermatophyte infections occur worldwide both in developing as well as developed countries. However, species of dermatophytes may vary based on geographical region. Studies on dermatophytes from northeast India are rare. This study was done to know the various species of dermatophytes that are commonly associated with infection in this part of the country.

Methods
This study was done from 2020-2021. A total of 49 consecutive isolates of dermatophytes isolated from clinically suspected cases attending Assam Medical College and Hospital, a tertiary care hospital were subjected to molecular identification by using PCR and sequencing of the ITS region of the ribosomal RNA gene as well as using MALDI-TOF (VITEK MS). Samples from active margin of lesions from skin, nail, and hair were collected and primary identification was done by culture and microscopy as well as conventional phenotypic tests. Culture was done in Sabouraud Dextrose agar, Sabouraud Dextrose agar with chloramphenicol and cycloheximide, and dermatophyte test medium which was followed by genotypic confirmation by PCR of the ITS region and sequencing of PCR amplicons using already published protocols.

Results
The species isolated were T. rubrum (36.7%), T. interdigitale (32.6%), T. mentagrophytes complex (14.2%), T. tonsurans (8%), M. gypseum (6%), T. violaceum (2%). The cases were clinically found to be T. corporis (44.89%), T. manuum (12.24%), T. pedis (12.24%), T. cruris (10.20%), T. faciei (8.16%), T. capitis (8.16%), and T. unguium (4.08%).

Conclusion
T. rubrum, T. interdigitale, T. mentagrophytes, and T. tonsurans complex were the predominant species isolated.
P103 Role of biofilm production in recalcitrant tinea
Authors: Gangar Seema , Das Shukla , Gourav Vishal , Bhattacharya S.N. , Pandhi Deepika , Singh N.P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Poster session 1, September 21, 2022, 12:30 PM - 1:30 PM

Objective
To determine the role of biofilm production in dermatophytic isolates from tinea infections of recalcitrant skin lesions of study patients.

Methods
An observational study conducted in UCMS and GTB Hospital Delhi, in forty clinically diagnosed and mycologically confirmed cases of recalcitrant tinea infection of glabrous skin to analyze the role of biofilm production in dermatophytes.
After taking written informed consent from the study population sample collection (skin scraping) was done.
The scraping was then mounted in 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) for direct microscopic examination followed by culture on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) media with antibiotics (Chloramphenicol, Gentamicin, Cycloheximide).
The fungal growth was then subjected to LPCB mount (Lactophenol cotton blue).
The isolates were allowed to form in-vitro biofilms on polystyrene microtiter plates.
Quantification of biofilm biomass was done using crystal violet staining and measuring the optical density (OD) at 570 nm and classified as non-adherent/non-producer, weak moderate, and strong biofilm producers.

Results
Tinea corporis and cruris were the most common clinical types of dermatophytosis.
T. mentegrophytes-complex was the most common dermatophyte isolated from the clinical specimens.
Majority (86.84%) of isolates formed strong (OD &gt;4 ODc) biofilms.

Conclusion
There has been an increase in the incidents of chronic and recalcitrant dermatophytosis of skin.
The predominance of T. mentegrophytes-complex as observed in our study highlights the importance of the pathogen in causation of current and chronic and recalcitrant dermatophytosis in India.
High rate of in-vitro strong biofilm formation by the isolates indicates that these organisms might be forming biofilms in-vivo leading to chronicity and poor response to therapy.
Importance of tenosynovitis in preventing the progression through rheumatoid arthritis continuum
Authors: Izumiyama Tomomasa , Miyazawa Masaaki 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has long been characterized by synovitis and bone erosions typically developing symmetrically in small joints. However, recent advances in imaging modalities have indicated frequent association of tenosynovitis with RA, and some consider tenosynovitis to be not just a complication but a major trait of RA. Furthermore, as there are cases with tenosynovitis preceding the clinical detection of inflammatory arthritis in predisposed individuals, tenosynovitis may constitute an important biomarker in defining the pre-RA phase of disease development. Tenosynovitis itself must be treated as it causes functional impairment and physical as well as socioeconomic burden, and its treatment may result in effective prevention of RA development at a pre-arthritic stage. Thus, further efforts need to be taken in detecting and treating tenosynovitis in the pre-RA stage, which can be facilitated by ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging.
Eastern Orthodox Eschatology
Authors: Louth Andrew 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
There is nothing bleakly agnostic about Orthodox beliefs concerning the afterlife, nor is it the case that awareness of an eschatological dimension is absent. Rather, these beliefs are nourished by the rich liturgical life in which the Orthodox participate, which feeds on the hopes and longings of the scriptures and, in the case of the last things particularly, on the experiences and perceptions of the saints, especially as found in hagiographical writings. At the center of all this—the liturgical experience, the scriptures as understood by the Orthodox, and the transfigured lives and experience of the saints—stands the resurrection of Christ, the ultimate fount of all Christian hope. This article examines the eschatology of the Eastern Orthodox Church and discusses Eucharist as eschatology, universal eschatology, and individual eschatology. It also considers four issues in eschatology: the notion of eternal damnation and the nature of judgment, the question of purgatory, the nature of the resurrection body, and the question of universal salvation.