bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the addition of 4OHE
Authors: Hernández Nuria , Sánchez-Mateos Soledad , López-Morató Marta , Sánchez-Margallo Francisco M. , Álvarez Ignacio S. 
Published: September 2022

Aims The main objective of this work is to elucidate whether Quercetin (Qc) and 4-Hidroxistradiol (4OHE2) decrease the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in in vitro obtained embryos and to analyse which genes are activated under the treatments that could explain this improvement. Methods Oxidative stress was induced during embryo culture by H2O2 treatment and ROS production was measured and compared with embryos treated with Qc or 4OHE2. Gene expression was analysed by Q-PCR in control embryos obtained in utero (IU) or by IVF and compared with the levels found in embryos cultured with Qc or 4OHE2 to determine the effect of these compounds. Key results Qc strongly reduces ROS levels in embryos after a treatment of 4 h. On the contrary, 4OHE2 had no effect in reducing ROS levels in embryos. The addition of these molecules to the culture media upregulate several hypoxia-related genes when Qc is added to the culture media, and implantation-related genes when 4OHE2 is used. Conclusions Qc is a very strong antioxidant molecule that when used for short periods of time during culture can reduce ROS levels and improve embryo quality by activating antioxidant enzymes. 4OHE2 supplementation, despite having no effects in reducing ROS levels, acts directly in the molecular signalling implicated in the implantation process and could be also considered as a supplement for embryo culture during IVF. Implications Proper supplementation of the culture media could greatly improve the quality of embryos cultured in vitro, resulting in better results in IVF clinics.
Autoportraits de traducteurs
Authors: Dranenko Galyna 
Published: September 2022

RésuméLa traductologie contemporaine replace au centre de sa recherche le traducteur dont la visibilité dans l’espace littéraire et scientifique a été longtemps occultée. Il n’est donc pas étonnant que le traducteur ait pu devenir un personnage de fiction ou le sujet d’une biofiction. Ces récits de soi entrepris par des traducteurs ont l’ambition de proposer à leurs lecteurs un geste réflexif sur ce qui se joue quand on entreprend de traduire. Aussi, en écho avec ce que certains appellent un « tournant fictionnel » (Vieira 1995), il nous semble tout à fait approprié de parler, à ce propos, de l’émergence d’untournant métafictionneldans les études de traduction. Dans notre article, nous mettrons en évidence le nouage (dans ses dimensions cognitive, culturelle et éthique) des discours autobiographique et traductologique tel qu’on le trouve dans, ce que nous qualifions de métafictions traductives, à savoir dansPortrait du traducteur en escrocde Bernard Hœpffner,Partagesd’André Markowicz etLycophron et Zétèsde Pascal Quignard.
“In barbarous times and in uncivilized countries”
Authors: Alexander Marc , Struan Andrew 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe ways in which politicians have discussed who, what, and where was considered “uncivilized’” across the past two centuries gives an insight into how speakers in a position of authority classified and constructed the world around them, and how those in power in Britain see the country and themselves. This article uses the Hansard Corpus 1803–2003 of speeches in the UK Parliament alongside data from theHistorical Thesaurus of Englishto analyse diachronic variation in usage of words for persons, places and practices considered uncivil. It proposes new methods and offers quantitative data to describe the period’s shift in political attitudes towards not just the so-called “uncivil” but also the country as a whole.
Kaluza–Klein reductions of maximally supersymmetric five-dimensional Lorentzian spacetimes
Authors: Figueroa-O’Farrill José , Franchetti Guido 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A recent study of filtered deformations of (graded subalgebras of) the minimal five-dimensional Poincaré superalgebra resulted in two classes of maximally supersymmetric spacetimes. One class are the well-known maximally supersymmetric backgrounds of minimal five-dimensional supergravity, whereas the other class does not seem to be related to supergravity. This paper is a study of the Kaluza–Klein (KK) reductions to four dimensions of this latter class of maximally supersymmetric spacetimes. We classify the Lorentzian and Riemannian KK reductions of these backgrounds, determine the fraction of the supersymmetry preserved under the reduction and in most cases determine explicitly the geometry of the four-dimensional quotient. Among the many supersymmetric quotients found, we highlight a number of novel non-homogeneous four-dimensional Lorentzian spacetimes admitting N = 1 supersymmetry, whose supersymmetry algebra is not a filtered deformation of any graded subalgebra of the four-dimensional N = 1 Poincaré superalgebra. Any of these four-dimensional Lorentzian spacetimes may serve as the arena for the construction of new rigidly supersymmetric field theories.
Visible light metasurface for adaptive photodetection
Authors: Kalantari Osgouei Ataollah , Ghobadi Amir , Khalichi Bahram , Sabet Rana Asgari , Tokel Onur , Ozbay Ekmel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Semiconductor-based sub-wavelength metasurfaces are promising device platforms for the realization of optically thick and electrically thin photodetectors. Strong light–matter interactions in ultrathin film regions provide an opportunity to achieve near-unity absorption in dimensions comparable with carrier diffusion length and this, in turn, leads to an efficient collection of photogenerated carriers. Moreover, the use of phase change materials can provide real-time active tuning of optical responses of metasurface-based devices. In the first part of this paper, a tunable color filtering device is demonstrated using a metasurface design made of sub-wavelength antimony trisulphide (Sb2S3) grating placed on top of a continuous silver layer. Four distinct optical states can be acquired upon (a) the changes in the incident light polarization and (b) the phase transitions of Sb2S3. Numerical simulations and theoretical modeling data show that Fabry–Perot resonances are the driving phenomena when the proposed design is normally illuminated by an electromagnetic field with transverse electric polarization. In contrast, surface plasmon resonances are excited in transverse magnetic polarization. Furthermore, it is shown that the resonance wavelengths of the proposed design can be dynamically tuned using the geometrical parameters. Later, in the second part of the paper, adaptive photodetection is designed by integrating a

5

nm Sb2S3 layer as a collection layer into the structure. The proposed metasurface design provides light–matter interaction in the Sb2S3 layer and maximizes the photogenerated carriers’ collection efficiency. The optically thick and electrically thin adaptive photodetection offers an opportunity to design efficient active optoelectronic and photonic devices.
MEMS-based Pt film temperature sensor chip on silicon substrate
Authors: Huang Mi-Mi , Zhao Li-Bo , Han Xiang-Guang , Jia Chen , Gao Yi , Fan Shu , Yang Ping , Dong Linxi , Jiang Zhuang-De 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The thin film temperature sensor chip is fabricated with the Ti/Pt film layer on a silicon substrate by micro electromechanical systems technology. Using electron beam evaporation, 10 and 100 nm thick Ti/Pt films layers are fabricated. Then, the annealing experiments for the temperature sensor chip are carried out in air and vacuum at 400 °C–800 °C. The relationship between the resistance of temperature sensor chip and tested temperature in the range of −30 °C–150 °C is studied based on different annealing conditions, and its electrical characteristic parameters are evaluated including temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR), hysteresis and measuring precision. At the same time, the morphology and grain size of the Pt film layer are studied by x-ray diffractometer, atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscope. The changes of square resistance and internal stress are tested by four probes and stress analyser to analyze the performance of the temperature sensor chip. The testing experiments show that the electrical properties of the temperature sensor chip annealed in air are better than those in vacuum. Finally, the temperature sensor chip is fabricated with the optimal performance with the annealing temperature of 800 °C for 30 min in air. Compared with before annealing, TCR increased by 75.4% from 1790 to 3140 ppm K−1, hysteresis reached 0.2% FS and precision reached 0.32% FS.
Thermal conductivity measurements using the transient hot-wire method: a review
Authors: Salim S G R 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The accurate determination of the thermal conductivity of any material is a key element in understanding its actual thermal performance, thus assigning its suitability for a particular application. This, of course, includes its efficiency while being used, lifetime, probability of failure or breakdown, and most importantly, user safety. Several methods are used to measure the thermal conductivity of materials. However, the transient hot-wire method has many practical advantages over other methods due to its relative simplicity and suitability for different materials. The hot-wire method can deliver accurate measurements of gases, liquids, and some solids over a relatively-wide thermal conductivity range. Furthermore, with careful design of the hot-wire instrument, it can be used to measure the thermal conductivity at elevated temperature and under high pressure, which is essential for many industrial applications. In turn, this has made the method one of the most frequently used. This review paper explains the theory of the hot-wire method and demonstrates the technical developments of hot-wire instruments. The paper also presents the advances of electric circuits used to measure the resistance of the hot wire, thus its temperature, during the transient experiment. In addition, it shows the calibration of the hot wire together with the calculation of thermal conductivity.
Accuracy and potential improvements of surface-guided breast cancer radiotherapy in deep inspiration breath-hold with daily image-guidance
Authors: Nankali Saber , Hansen Rune , Worm Esben , Yates Esben S , Thomsen Mette Skovhus , Offersen Birgitte , Poulsen Per Rugaard 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective. Radiotherapy of left-sided breast cancer in deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) reduces the heart dose. Surface guided radiotherapy (SGRT) can guide the DIBH, but the accuracy is subject to variations in the chest wall position relative to the patient surface. Approach. In this study, ten left-sided breast cancer patients received DIBH radiotherapy with tangential fields in 15–18 fractions. After initial SGRT setup in free breathing an orthogonal MV/kV image pair was acquired during SGRT-guided breath-hold. The couch was corrected to align the chest wall during another breath-hold, and a new SGRT reference surface was acquired for the gating. The chest wall position error during treatment was determined from continuous cine MV images in the imager direction perpendicular to the cranio-caudal direction. A treatment error budget was made with individual contributions from the online registration of the setup MV image, the difference in breath-hold level between setup imaging and SGRT reference surface acquisition, the SGRT level during treatment, and intra-fraction shifts of the chest wall relative to the SGRT reference surface. In addition to the original setup protocol (Scenario A), SGRT was also simulated with better integration of image-guidance by capturing either the new reference surface (Scenario B) or the SGRT positional signal (Scenario C) simultaneously with the setup MV image, and accounting for the image-guided couch correction by shifting the SGRT reference surface digitally. Main results. In general, the external SGRT signal correlated well with the internal chest wall position error (correlation coefficient >0.7 for 75% of field deliveries), but external-to-internal target position offsets above 2 mm occasionally occurred (13% of fractions). The PTV margin required to account for the treatment error was 3.5 mm (Scenario A), 3.4 mm (B), and 3.1 mm (C). Significance. Further integration of SGRT with image-guidance may improve treatment accuracy and workflow although the current study did not show large accuracy improvements of scenario B and C compared to scenario A.
Body-temperature programmable ultra-soft shape memory elastomers for comfort fitting
Authors: Yin Chao , Wang Taoxi , Shen Xing , Fu Jian , Li Tong , Jiang Tao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Shape memory materials can be utilized to realize fast shape customization for personalized comfort fitting experiences. In this paper, a series of body-temperature programmable shape memory elastomers are developed for comfort fitting. Unlike the reported ones, in which the shape switch is realized due to body-temperature phase transition (around 37 °C), these newly developed ones are fabricated with silicone rubber (as elastic component) and a kind of polycaprolactone (PCL, as transition component) that has melting point of about 56 °C and much lower crystallization temperature. The thermal properties, shape memory performances, mechanical behaviors under uni-axial tension at room temperature and at human body temperature (37 °C) are investigated. The specialty of these shape memory elastomers is that the programming is not carried out at around melting point of the transition component. Instead, it could be done upon cooling to 37 °C. The temporary shape is fixed only after completion of PCL crystallization. As the melting point of PCL is much higher (56 °C), the mechanical properties of these shape memory elastomers are ensured rather stable near 37 °C, which eliminates the concern of shaping/fitting failure when ambient temperature fluctuates. Besides, ultra-softness and high stretchability at room temperature are revealed as well. Excellent shape memory performance of these elastomers at 37 °C is also confirmed. The shape fixity ratio is over 90% when PCL content reaches wt% of 35%. In such a way, these elastomers are able to well duplicate the local shapes of human body in actual fitting. Upon reheating to 80 °C, they also can completely recover to their original shapes. The fitting time window at 37 °C is revealed around 5 min, which is rather appropriate in practice. The yielding behaviors during tension and long-term shaping/fitting performance of these elastomers are also discussed. A simple wearable orthotic device for hallux valgus is developed for proof-of-concept. It is concluded that these newly developed shape memory elastomers are well suited candidates for comfort fitting.
Turbulence-resistant self-focusing vortex beams
Authors: Luo Meilan , Koivurova Matias , Ornigotti Marco , Ding Chaoliang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We consider recently introduced self-focusing fields that carry orbital angular momentum (OAM) [2021 Opt. Lett.
46 2384–87] and in particular, their propagation properties through a turbulent ocean. We show that this type of field is especially robust against turbulence induced degradation, when compared to a completely coherent beam. In moderately strong oceanic turbulence, the self-focusing OAM beam features over five orders of magnitude higher peak intensities at the receiver plane, an ∼80% detection probability for the signal mode, as well as an energy transmission efficiency in excess of 70% over a link of ∼100 m. Counter-intuitively, the focusing properties of such fields may be enhanced with increasing turbulence, causing the mean squared waist to become smaller with greater turbulence strength. Our results demonstrate that certain types of partial coherence may be highly desirable for optical telecommunication employing OAM.
Impact of annealing on optimization of various thermal, structural, and optical parameters of spinel ‘gahnite’ for device fabrication
Authors: Goswami Bindiya , Ahlawat Rachna 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The spinel ZnAl2O4 nanopowder has been prepared using the well-known citrate sol-gel technique in which citric acid act as an agent for chelation. The XRD examined the sample crystallinity and phase purity of the samples after annealing at subsequent temperatures. Corresponding functional groups were identified by FTIR. The Surface texture of the samples was interpreted by FE-SEM and HR-TEM, while the constituent elements were evaluated by EDS spectroscopy. The UV-DR spectroscopy exhibits that the bandgap can significantly be tailored in annealed samples owing to the intrinsic impurity energy levels. PL has demonstrated the shift in emission spectra using the site-selective direct and indirect excitations. The prominent emission in the visible region is further emphasized by CIE chromaticity graphs and their specific color coordinates. The decay analysis reveals that the spinel ‘Gahnite’ samples have higher decay constant when excited with direct bandgap energy. It is suggested that the ZnAl2O4 would be a promising substitute as a blue-emitting phosphor in modern photonics.
Stochastic resonance of double fractional-order coupled oscillator with mass and damping fluctuations
Authors: Ren Ruibin , xia Wei , Wang Zhezheng , Deng Ke 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, the stochastic resonance phenomenon of a coupled double fractional-order harmonic oscillator with mass and damping fluctuation is investigated. Firstly, the Shapiro-Loginov formula and Laplace transform are used to obtain the analytical expression of the output amplitude gain of the system output. On this basis, aiming at the key factors involved in the model, including the coupling structure, fractional system, random fluctuation and external periodic force, the influence of coupling coefficient, double fractional order and driving frequency on the output amplitude gain (OAG) is analyzed, and reasonable physical explanations are provided. Secondly, numerical simulations are carried out to verify the accuracy of the theoretical solutions. The simulation results show that under certain conditions, the OAG of the system can appear stochastic resonance phenomenon with the above parameters, especially: (1) The OAG with the change of external drive frequency appears double peak, single peak and single valley stochastic resonance phenomenon, which does not appear under the same external disturbance with integer order and uncoupled conditions; (2) The order of double fractional derivative significantly affects the variation trend of OAG; (3) The coupling coefficient is not sensitive to the OAG.
Effect of 0.3 wt% TiO2 nanoparticles on the thermal, structural, and mechanical properties of Sn3.8Ag0.7 Cu1.0Zn solder alloy
Authors: Deghady A M , Tayel A , Saleh A , El Basaty A B 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Sn–3.8Ag-0.7Cu −1.0 wt% Zn (SACZ) plain solder alloy was reinforced by 0.3 wt% of TiO2 nanoparticles (NP). SEM, XRD, DSC, and stress-strain characterization techniques were used to examine the synthesized samples. The morphology of the samples is uniform and the grain size of the SACZ-TiO2 sample is refined compared to the plain solder. The TiO2 addition improved the crystallinity of the SACZ sample. Furthermore, the melting temperature of the prepared samples has the same value even if its pasty range is decreased by adding TiO2 NP. The mechanical properties of the examined samples were investigated at different temperatures and different strain rates. The activation energy (Q) of the SACZ-TiO2 is lower than that of the SACZ sample. The results of this study confirm that the 0.3 wt% TiO2 addition improves the physical properties of SACZ alloy.
A conceptual polarimetry applied in X-ray polarization in the energy range of 10–30 keV
Authors: Jiang J. , Jiang W. , Xu Y. , He H. , Liu X. , Du Y. , Sun L. , Dong Z. , Liu X. , Yang S. , Jiao Y. , Dai B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The lower energy part of the hard X-ray band, 10–30 keV, still remains unexplored for X-ray polarimetry. A photo-electric polarimetry based on a CMOS imaging sensor typed GMAX0505 was proven to be a candidate polarimeter applied in this energy band, the pixel size is 2.5 μm and X-ray detection depth is around 5 μm. Due to a limitation of its pixel shape, the sensors can not give the polarization angle of incoming X-rays directly, but predict the angle by utilizing the asymmetric response at different polarization angle of X-rays. In this study, we construct a simplified sensor based on the structure of the GMAX0505, utilizing the GEANT4 toolkit. The variation trend of modulation factor in the simulation is similar with those measured in the reference at 12.4-keV and 24.8-keV X-rays. Based on the simulation framework, we change the pixel shape from square to hexagon with the same pixel pitch of 2.5 μm and define three directions along the symmetry axis of a pixel. Comparing the modulation curves obtained by solving the modulation curve function with three parameters, the modulation factor is around 10% and 23% at 12.4 keV and 24.8 keV in response to X-rays with different polarization angle and 100% linear polarization, the difference between predicted and incident polarization angle is less than 2.5° which is an estimate of the systematic error. Meanwhile, the degree of modulation is less than 1% in response to unpolarized X-rays. This study shows that similar sensors with a hexagonal pixel shape can give the modulation curve and directly predict the polarization angle of an X-ray source. It also provides a conceptual design for next photo-electric X-ray polarimetry in the energy band. In addition, the performance characterized by quality factor (QF) was compared for the sensors with different pixel pitch and the same pixel gap, the results show the QF is sensitive to a pixel pitch with different value and the value of the QF is maximum as a pixel pitch of the sensors is 0.75 μm under the same condition of pixel gap of 0.2 μm.
Theoretical and paleoclimatic evidence for abrupt transitions in the Earth system
Authors: Boers Niklas , Ghil Michael , Stocker Thomas F 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Specific components of the Earth system may abruptly change their state in response to gradual changes in forcing. This possibility has attracted great scientific interest in recent years, and has been recognized as one of the greatest threats associated with anthropogenic climate change. Examples of such components, called tipping elements, include the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, the polar ice sheets, the Amazon rainforest, as well as the tropical monsoon systems. The mathematical language to describe abrupt climatic transitions is mainly based on the theory of nonlinear dynamical systems and, in particular, on their bifurcations. Applications of this theory to nonautonomous and stochastically forced systems are a very active field of climate research. The empirical evidence that abrupt transitions have indeed occurred in the past stems exclusively from paleoclimate proxy records. In this review, we explain the basic theory needed to describe critical transitions, summarize the proxy evidence for past abrupt climate transitions in different parts of the Earth system, and examine some candidates for future abrupt transitions in response to ongoing anthropogenic forcing. Predicting such transitions remains difficult and is subject to large uncertainties. Substantial improvements in our understanding of the nonlinear mechanisms underlying abrupt transitions of Earth system components are needed. We argue that such an improved understanding requires combining insights from (a) paleoclimatic records; (b) simulations using a hierarchy of models, from conceptual to comprehensive ones; and (c) time series analysis of recent observation-based data that encode the dynamics of the present-day Earth system components that are potentially prone to tipping.