bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les narvals et les licornes se cachent-ils pour mourir ?
Authors: Roberge Jonathan , Dandurand Guillaume , Morin Kevin , Senneville Marius 
Published: June 2022

L’annonce de la vente de l’entreprise montréalaise Element AI à Service Now inc. à la fin de 2020 a été accueillie avec stupeur par la grande majorité des acteurs de l’écosystème québécois et canadien en intelligence artificielle. Comment avait-elle pu prétendre si rapidement au statut de narval – celui d’une entreprise canadienne ayant une capitalisation de plus d’un milliard de dollars –, être encensée par l’État, les médias et les milieux économiques pour être rachetée quelques années plus tard « pour une bouchée de pain » ? Dans cet article, le cas Element AI, c’est-à-dire autant son ascension que sa chute, est présenté comme étant idéal-typique d’une « cybernétisation du pouvoir » dans laquelle la régulation se veut facilitatrice, à distance et à même de percevoir contrôle et communication comme les deux pôles d’une unique boucle de rétroaction. Si l’émergence d’Element AI est marquée par sa recherche de « supercrédibitité », de partenariats tous azimuts et de justifications jusqu’à éthiques, sa débâcle, elle, est le signe d’un désordre et d’une désynchronisation qui n’est pas allée sans réprimandes et contredits, même de la part de l’État. Ce passage de la justification à la critique est riche d’enseignement même si, ou plutôt parce qu’il pointe en direction aujourd’hui de ce qui est un vide au sein de cet écosystème et la manière dont il peine à se projeter dans un avenir même proche.
Des compétences marchandes face à la plateformisation d’un marché culturel
Authors: Chabault Vincent 
Published: June 2022

Méconnu et difficilement quantifiable, le marché du livre d’occasion joue un rôle fondamental dans la circulation de la culture imprimée. Depuis la fin des années 1990, ses détaillants et ses règles de fonctionnement se trouvent déstabilisés par la plateformisation de cet espace marchand, incarnée par l’essor de nouveaux entrants et l’usage des technologies informatiques pour la formation du profit. Basé sur une enquête qualitative de longue durée menée auprès des acteurs de l’offre, cet article vise à examiner l’évolution des compétences marchandes des détaillants en approfondissant l’une des étapes essentielles à la création d’opportunités de gain : la construction de l’assortiment. Les deux processus qui traversent cette opération – sa démarchandisation et sa numérisation – viennent remettre en cause les conditions dominantes de circulation de ces biens culturels de seconde main.
Repenser l’urbain depuis l’Afrique
Authors: Kiriakou Héloïse 
Published: June 2022

Brazzaville a toujours eu une place à part dans la vie politique du Congo. En tant que capitale fédérale de l’Afrique Équatoriale Française (AEF), de la France libre (entre 1940 et 1942), de la colonie du Moyen-Congo et du Congo indépendant, Brazzaville rassemblait les principaux lieux d’exercice du pouvoir, ce qui en a fait l’épicentre des luttes politiques pendant la colonisation et après l’indépendance, notamment au moment de l’insurrection d’août 1963 qui a conduit au renversement du président Fulbert Youlou et pendant le processus révolutionnaire qui a suivi. Si les Brazzavillois ont toujours été les témoins privilégiés des mobilisations politiques dans l’espace urbain, ils ont été particulièrement actifs à partir de 1963 jusqu’à devenir des acteurs incontournables de la vie politique de leur pays. Dans cet article, il s’agira ainsi, à la croisée d’une histoire sociale et politique, de s’intéresser aux usages de l’espace dans un contexte révolutionnaire, pour comprendre la dimension spatiale de la révolution congolaise.
Repenser l’urbain depuis l’Afrique
Authors: Montanini Marta 
Published: June 2022

Le Red Location Museum et Cultural Precinct est un projet de patrimonialisation de la mémoire de la lutte antiapartheid et de création d’un centre culturel à Red Location, l’un des townships les plus anciens et un quartier défavorisé de Port Elizabeth, Nelson Mandela Bay, en Afrique du Sud. Vingt-cinq ans après sa création, le projet demeure inachevé. Loin de représenter une entreprise consensuelle et partagée entre résidents et municipalité, depuis sa création, le RLMCP est traversé par de nombreux conflits et revendications portant sur le travail, le logement et les services de base, mais aussi sur la représentation et la mise en scène de la mémoire individuelle et collective du quartier. Dans ce projet, la mise en valeur de celle-ci est présentée comme le prélude à la régénération urbaine et au développement socio-économique du quartier ; la contestation et la réappropriation de la part des habitants s’accompagnent de l’émergence de pratiques mémorielles alternatives.
L’interculturalité en formation des adultes : tendances, enjeux et perspectives de recherche
Authors: Mbiatong Jérôme 
Published: June 2022

Cette note de synthèse propose un regard sur l’émergence et le développement du champ de la formation interculturelle depuis la fin de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale. Les facteurs ayant joué un rôle déterminant dans la construction de ce champ sont retracés, ses principaux ancrages théoriques sont repérés pour en dégager les spécificités du champ. Un constat s’impose : les prémisses théoriques de la formation interculturelle peinent encore à être identifiées par les sciences de l’éducation et de la formation. Cette faible prégnance de la théorisation vient en partie du fait que cette dernière ait d’abord émergé du terrain et par ailleurs du fait qu’elle baigne dans une littérature variée qui, bien qu’enrichissant les sciences de l’éducation, reste éparse. La « culturalisation » de la formation interculturelle persiste, ce qui invite à revisiter les cadres de référence structurant l’interculturalité en prenant en considération les spécificités de la formation des adultes.
L’approche écologique pour percevoir les conditions favorisant le développement humain
Authors: Reyssier Stéphanie 
Published: June 2022

L’approche écologique s’intéresse aux conditions favorisant le développement humain qui est envisagé ici en termes de perception et d’activité (Bateson, 1936). Elle étudie, plus spécifiquement, les interrelations au sein de tout couplage structurel « sujet-environnement-artefact » (Guérin, 2012) et cherche à identifier les « effets de second-ordre » (Bronfenbrenner, 1979) pouvant potentiellement influer sur le développement du sujet. Le but de cet article est de montrer la pertinence de l’approche écologique de Bronfenbrenner (1979) qui offre un cadre épistémologique pertinent notamment pour interpréter le comportement continu du sujet au-delà du micro-système étudié. Les enjeux scientifiques et méthodologiques seront abordés en termes d’ingénierie de la formation.
Réplique
Authors: Joas Hans 
Published: June 2022

Joas revient sur certains moments de la réception qu’a connus son œuvre par ailleurs, précise le projet d’ensemble auquel ressortit Les pouvoirs du sacré – conçu comme premier volet d’un triptyque – et regrette que la discussion en direct n’ait pas pu avoir lieu pour cause de pandémie. Il donne son accord à la perspective d’ensemble et à la teneur de ce que Tétaz met en avant dans l’introduction au dossier. Il dit son intérêt pour le texte de Gonzalez, tout en soulignant que ce dont fait état Gonzalez n’est pas, pour lui, une question centrale. Il précise en même temps que son domaine de travail est la sociologie historique – ou une historiographie des religions informée par la sociologie –, qui est aussi, comme telle, une recherche empirique, et revient sur la comparaison Royce et Durkheim pour marquer quelques inflexions à ce qu’écrit Gonzalez. Joas se penche ensuite sur la contribution de Gisel, soulignant la part de malentendus, mais, aussi, la part de différence réelles, tout en réaffirmant son objectif : mettre en avant une histoire de l’universalisme moral. Joas s’arrête encore sur le texte de Scholl, regrettant que l’auteure traite d’une seule traite le « désenchantement » et la « sécularisation » qui sont, chez lui, deux champs de phénomènes nettement distingués. Quant à la thèse de Scholl – la sécularisation a aussi été mise en œuvre par des acteurs du religieux –, Joas l’approuve d’autant plus qu’il l’a défendue ailleurs. Joas aborde enfin le texte de Ullern, tout en majorant ce que son auteure appelait « ne pas lire », ce qui, du coup, fait échouer une confrontation sur le fond.
Changes of lymphocyte subsets in smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Yang Xue , Feng Hao 
Published: June 2022

Background and Aims:
The host immune system plays an important role in the pathogenesis and defense mechanism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). This study aimed to explore the different changes in the immune system between smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and smear-positive PTB patients.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 85 active PTB patients and 50 healthy adults were enrolled. The participants were divided into smear-negative PTB, smear-positive PTB, and control groups. Chest computed tomography (CT) and lymphocyte subgroup counts in peripheral blood were measured in all participants.

Results:
There were higher numbers of CD4 + T-cells, NK cells, and pulmonary cavities in the smear-positive PTB group, whereas the numbers of B-ells were significantly increased in the smear-negative PTB group.

Conclusions:
Smear-negative PTB showed fewer pulmonary cavities, mild inflammatory response, lower numbers of immune cells, and higher numbers of B- cells.
Endometrial blood vessel morphometry in patients presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding
Authors: Bhosale Neha M. , Arakeri Surekha U. , Reddy Anil K. , Mudanur Subhashchandra R. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common problems encountered in gynecological practice. Various benign and malignant disorders of the endometrial tissue show vascular changes such as congestion, dilatation, and vessel wall irregularities.

Aim:
To evaluate the vascular morphometry of the endometrial tissue in AUB.

Materials and Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional study of the endometrial tissue in patients presented with AUB was undertaken for vascular morphometric analysis. Histopathological processing of the endometrial tissue samples was done as per the standard format, and the slides were evaluated for vascular morphometry.

Results:
Out of 150 cases of endometrial tissue in patients presented with AUB, 80 cases were reported as proliferative phase, 41 as secretory phase, 15 as disordered proliferative endometrium, 6 as atrophic phase endometrium, and 4 each of endometrial hyperplasia without atypia and endometrial carcinoma. An average number of endometrial blood vessels and large-sized blood vessels were more in endometrial carcinoma and endometrial hyperplasia without atypia as compared to proliferative phase, secretory phase, atrophic endometrium, and disordered proliferative endometrium. Vessel shape irregularities and vascular congestion were observed in all the cases of atrophic endometrium, endometrial carcinoma, and endometrial hyperplasia without atypia. Endometrial carcinoma showed severe dilatation of the endometrial blood vessels.

Conclusion:
Vascular morphometry changes were noted in endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma, disordered proliferative endometrium, and atrophic phase endometrium. These findings suggest that studies or trials related to anti-angiogenic therapy may help to plan anti-angiogenic therapy in patients with AUB.
Quality of online news media reports of child sexual abuse in India
Authors: Singh Swarndeep , Saini Romil , Sagar Rajesh 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Media plays an important role in creating awareness and shaping public opinion about child sexual abuse (CSA). Research suggests that sensible media reportage on CSA is important for positive impacts of media. However, most of the studies assessing the quality of CSA news reports are from western countries.

Aim:
To systematically assess the pattern of online news media reportage of CSA in India.

Methodology:
A total of 149 news reports on the topic of CSA in India, published online over a one-year period were analyzed. Framing of CSA and other news media characteristics were evaluated.

Results:
Framing of CSA was episodic in majority of news reports, with criminal-justice system-related details about individual cases mentioned in about 90% reports. Further, more than two-third news reports did not mention possible causes or reasons of CSA, and possible steps that people could take to prevent CSA. About one-fifth of news reports provided statistics, research findings, or correct information to dispel myths or wrong public stereotypes about CSA. Inclusion of child helpline or contact information of any child welfare/support services was missing in most of the news reports.

Conclusion:
This is the first study to systematically assess the quality of news media reports on CSA in India. It provides valuable baseline information about existing media practices and helps in identifying areas for further improvement of media reporting on CSA. There is a need to conduct regular workshops with media professionals to provide them adequate training and support for improving media reporting of CSA.
Comparative assessment of the information available on the treatment of depression over websites in English and Hindi language
Authors: Singh Swarndeep , Mathur Rahul , Sagar Rajesh 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
The study aimed to perform a cross-sectional comparative assessment of the content and quality of information available on the treatment of depression over websites in English and Hindi language.

Materials and Methods:
We screened the first 50 links obtained on searching for depression treatment on Google, and selected 72 (44 in English; 28 in Hindi) websites. They were evaluated for coverage of different aspects of depression, quality of treatments mentioned, esthetics, and interactivity.

Results:
A significantly lesser number of Hindi websites discussed the minimum duration of treatment needed for a depressive episode (36% vs. 79%), possible side effects of treatment (18% vs. 77%), discussed suicidality in depression explicitly (25% vs. 57%), or recommended consultation with a mental health professional (11% vs. 43%). English websites more commonly mentioned psychotherapy (86% vs. 64%), electroconvulsive therapy (64% vs. 21%), and social support measures (59% vs. 32%) for depression treatment. Whereas, Hindi websites more commonly mentioned Ayurvedic/herbal medicines (46% vs. 16%), and yoga (29% vs. 4%) for treatment. Lastly, the esthetics score for English websites was significantly higher than for Hindi websites. A significantly greater number of Hindi websites were owned by commercial entities.

Conclusion:
This is the first study to systematically compare online information on depression treatment in English and Hindi language websites, and identify areas for further improvement in the overall quality of online information in Hindi. There is a need for the creation of credible and accessible online resources in regional languages like Hindi for the promotion of depression literacy among the general public by government and non-profit professional organizations.
Clear cell sarcoma of kidney: A mimicker of Wilms’ tumor
Authors: Aviral Gupta , Sarvesh C Mishra , Sushila Jaiswal , Ansari M S 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
The differential diagnosis for an abdominal mass in a 2-year-old child is broad and includes lesions of renal, hepatic, gastrointestinal, adrenal, and lymphatic origins. Of these, Wilms’ tumor and neuroblastoma are the most common tumors, where Wilms’ tumor represents about 92% of renal masses in children. Non-Wilms’ renal tumors, rhabdoid tumors, and clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK) are uncommon. CCSK constitutes approximately 3% of all malignant renal tumors in childhood. In this report, we present a child presenting with a huge renal mass consistent with Wilms’ tumor on computed tomography and initial biopsy. However, the final pathologic diagnosis after resection revealed CCSK.
Metabolic Syndrome among Urban Slum Population of Pune City: A Pilot Study
Authors: Patil Reshma S. , Gothankar Jayashree S. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multiplex risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. It is proven that genetic and certain modifiable factors are responsible for the syndrome.

Objectives:
To assess the prevalence of MetS in the high-risk urban slum population of Pune city and its association with various risk factors.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among high-risk people for type 2 diabetes mellitus in the field practice area of the Urban Health Training Centre of a private medical college, Pune, India. Variables like age, waist circumference, and blood pressure (BP) and fasting parameters like triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and blood glucose after 12 h overnight fast were tested.

Results:
Prevalence of MetS was 26.6%. It was maximum in the higher age group (53%), housewives (36.7%), subjects with secondary education (36.7%), and in the socioeconomic lower class (36%). Abdominal obesity, high TGs, low HDL, high BP, and raised blood glucose significantly contributed to an increased risk of MetS.

Conclusion:
The study shows that identification of even a single component of MetS should be considered and accordingly subject should be counseled to prevent further progression of the disease.
Effectiveness of Multiple-choice Questions (MCQS) Discussion as a Learning Enhancer in Conventional Lecture Class of Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors: Nair Geethu G. , Feroze M 
Published: June 2022

Context:
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) are one of the commonly used assessment tools in the field of medical education. A few initiatives have been made to use MCQ tests during classes as a mode of test-enhanced learning. However, there is a lack of enough scientific information regarding the use of MCQs as a learning enhancer.

Aims:
The present study has been undertaken to analyze the effectiveness of MCQ discussion as a learning tool.

Methodology:
The study was conducted in a Government Medical College in Kerala among Phase 2 MBBS students. They were divided into study and control groups of 61 students each. Online lecture classes were conducted for both groups on six topics of Pathology. For the study group, an additional MCQ discussion was done towards the end of the lecture class. Post-test was conducted on day 1 and after 2 weeks. A questionnaire was given to assess the attitude of students. Scores obtained in the post-tests were used to test the significance.

Results:
There was a significant difference in the mean score obtained between control and study groups in the post-test conducted on the same day suggesting that the MCQ discussion conducted at the end of the lecture class has added benefit (P value = 0.04). There was no significant improvement in academic performance when an assessment was made after 2 weeks (P value = 0.59). More than 80% of students showed a positive perception of this method.

Conclusion:
MCQ supplementation towards the end of the didactic lecture class is an effective teaching-learning method. Students also express a very positive attitude towards it. MCQs can be considered not only as an assessment tool but as a learning enhancer also.
Comparison of Matrix Rhythm Therapy versus Pilates on Pain, Lumbar Flexibility, Functional Impairments, and Pelvic Inclination in Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Gohil Divya M. , Kothari Devathi , Baxi Gaurang , Palekar Tushar 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Low back pain is one of the leading causes of disease burden globally. Matrix Rhythm Therapy (MRT) is based on rhythmic micro-oscillations of muscle tissue by the action of mechano-magnetic alternating fields. Pilates exercises have been shown to be helpful in low back pain. This study was conducted to compare the effects of MRT and Pilates exercises on chronic low back pain, lumbar flexibility, functional impairments, and pelvic inclination in chronic low back pain.

Materials and Methods:
Ethical clearance was obtained by ethical committee of Dr. D. Y. Patil Physiotherapy, Pimpri, Pune. 50 patients diagnosed with chronic low back pain were selected as per inclusion criteria after taking informed consent. Patients were randomly allocated to two groups. Group A (n = 25) received MRT. Group B (n = 25) were given Pilates exercise. Both groups received treatment thrice a week for two weeks. Duration of 45 min. Outcome measures were assessed for both groups at the beginning and end of the study. Outcome measures included Numerical Pain Rating Scale for pain, Modified-modified schober’s test for lumbar flexibility, pelvic inclination using an inclinometer, and Oswestry Low Back Disabaility Questionnaire for functional impairments. Data were analysed using Winpepi.

Results:
For all outcome measures, a highly significant improvement (p < 0.001) was seen in Group A, a significant improvement (p < 0.005) was seen in group B.

Discussion:
Pain, restricted movements, reduced flexibility, and pelvic inclination are the consequences of systemic and local disturbances in the logistics of the living processes due to chronic pain in low back region. MRT and Pilates, both individually are effective in treating the same.

Conclusion:
Both Groups showed significant improvements in patients with CLBP. However, the findings in MRT group highly statistically significant.
Exploring the unknown: The work of Louis Nirenberg on partial differential equations
Authors: Rivière Tristan 
Published: June 2022

Partial differential equations are central objects in the mathematical modeling of natural and social sciences (sound propagation, heat diffusion, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, elasticity, fluid dynamics, quantum mechanics, population growth, finance, etc.). They were for a long time restricted only to the study of natural phenomena or questions pertaining to geometry, before becoming over the course of time, and especially in the last century, a field in itself.
The second half of the 20th century was the “golden age” of the exploration of partial differential equations from a theoretical perspective. Louis Nirenberg, starting in the early 1950s, played a major role in the growth of this fundamental area of human knowledge and his name is associated with many of the milestones in the study of PDEs.
Louis Nirenberg passed away in January 2020 and his memory as a mathematician and colleague is a special invitation to review the development of the field of PDEs through the work of its leading pioneers.
Protección de la infancia en la nueva regulación audiovisual en España
Authors: Fuente Cobo Carmen , Ruiz San Román José A. 
Published: June 2022

El 1 de mayo de 2010 entró en vigor la Ley General de la Comunicación Audiovisual (LGCA), por la que se traslada al ordenamiento español la directiva europea de Servicios de Comunicación Audiovisual de 2007 (AVMSD). La investigación desarrollada analiza la evolución de las normas contenidas en la LGCA sobre protección de la infancia, durante la tramitación legislativa de la citada ley.
El análisis se centra en el “iter” legislativo del apartado segundo del artículo 7, relativo a contenidos sujetos a restricciones de difusión. Se han revisado, para ello, todas las versiones del texto en sus diferentes fases de tramitación así como los diarios de sesiones de los debates parlamentarios correspondientes a momentos puntuales del proceso y las enmiendas planteadas por los diferentes grupos parlamentarios en cada una de las dos cámaras legislativas.
Se han tenido también en cuenta las observaciones presentadas por organizaciones de usuarios y otros agentes sociales, y se ha cotejado cada fase con las disposiciones contenidas en la AVMSD. Todo ello con el objetivo final de comprobar en qué medida la nueva regulación audiovisual responde a las exigencias de la legislación europea en relación con la protección de los menores y al compromiso explícito del Gobierno español de ir más allá de dichas exigencias.