bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New method of tibio-calcaneal-navicular arthrodesis after talectomy.
Authors: Alizade Chingiz Ali Aga og. , Aliyev Huseyn , Alizada Farhad Chigiz oglu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose

To develop and investigate the results of a new, simple and versatile method of tibia- calcaneal arthrodesis that reduces limb shortening.
Materials and methods

This prospective study was conducted in patients who voluntarily agreed to a new operation. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. For 17 years, we have observed 14 patients with various forms of osteomyelitis, fractures and septic necrosis of the talus, who underwent a new method of tibio-calcaneal-navicular arthrodesis (TCNA). The age of the patients ranged from 23 to 75 years, (42 years on average). 2 patients were female, 12 were male. The Ilizarov apparatus was used as a fixator. The average time of immobilization in the apparatus was 4.9 months (from 3.5 to 6 months). The operations were performed by one surgeon.
Results

In all patients the wounds healed by primary intention. The average limb shortening 1.9 ± 0.5 cm. AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot score (n=14) in all patients came up to 77,9 ± 6,8 (min 68, max 86) SD 12,8. Patients wore ordinary footwear without arch supporter and heels till 2cm. Only two female patients over 70 years used a stick. 2 patients had minor pain during prolonged walking.
Conclusion

Excellent and good results were obtained in all patients. The new TCNA method allows restoring the support ability of a limb, reduces shortening and improves the quality of life for patients.
Difference in Clinical Presentation and Their Significance in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma – a Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Riju Jeyashanth , Tirkey Amit Jiwan , Babu Malavika , Anto Ronald , Baitule Amey Madhav , Vidya Konduru , Agarwal Mansi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) involving tongue and buccoalveolar complex(BAC) behaves differently. Clinical features of the two subsites and their influence on pathological factors remain least analysed. Patients are divided into two groups i.e, tongue cancer and BAC cancer group, and various clinical parameters were compared. Among 474 patients 232 had tongue cancer and 242 had BAC cancer. 30% of patients with OSCC were asymptomatic at presentation except for the ulcer. Compared to tongue cancers, lesions confined to BAC presents at an advanced stage(p=0.006). Multivariate analysis showed that dysphagia in tongue cancer(p=0.020) and external swelling or lesion in BAC cancers(p=0.002) were significant predictors of an advanced stage of disease. On histopathology perineural invasion was significantly associated tongue(p=0.008) and BAC cancers(P=0.015). Among tongue cancers, those with pain and referred otalgia had a statistically significantly high depth of invasion(DOI), compared to those without pain (DOI – no pain 6.9mm, pain 9.9mm and referred otalgia 11.4mm). There is a delay in clinical presentation of OSCC. Among tongue cancers, clinical history of pain was significantly associated with depth of invasion and perineural invasion, the significance of which needs to be prospectively analysed. Clinical history in OSCC can be used as predicting factors for various pathological characters, which is subsite specific.
The Effects of Training Emotional Intelligence Skills Training on Stress Among the Mothers of Premature Newborns in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Pouraboli Batool , Arianfar Malihe , Abadian Leila , Abazari Faroukh , Dehghan Mahlagha 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
The mothers of premature newborns experience high levels of stress which can affect their relationships with their newborns, cause them ineffective parental role performance, and impair their newborns’ growth and development. Emotional intelligence (EI) has potential positive effects on stress.
Objectives
This study evaluated the effects of training EI skills on stress among the mothers of premature newborns in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Methods
This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2016 with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. Ninety mothers of premature newborns were selected from the NICUs of Zeinabieh and Hafez hospitals, Shiraz, Iran, and randomly allocated to an intervention and a control group. Participants in the control group received EI skills training in six sessions held twice weekly. The Parental Stress Scale was used for stress assessment before and one week after the intervention. The SPSS software (v. 16.0) was used for data analysis.
Results
Thirty seven participants in each group completed the study. While there was no significant difference between the intervention and the control groups respecting the pretest mean score of stress (48.89±19.02 vs. 44.92±18.55; P = 0.37), the posttest mean score of stress in the intervention group was significantly less than the control group (13.29±13.15 vs. 47.84±22.56; P < 0.001). The mean score of participants’ stress had significant relationship with their income level and their premature newborns’ birth weight.
Conclusion
Training EI skills is effective in significantly reducing stress among the mothers of premature newborns in NICU.
The Role of Genetic Variation in Maize Response To Beneficial Endophytes
Authors: Schultz Corey Robert , Brantley Kamaya , Wallace Jason G 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Growth-promoting endophytes have great potential to boost crop production and sustainability. There is, however, a lack of research on how differences in the plant host affect an endophyte’s ability to promote growth. We set out to quantify how different maize genotypes respond to specific growth-promoting endophytes. We inoculated genetically diverse maize lines with three different known beneficial endophytes: Herbaspirillum seropedicae (a gram-negative bacteria), Burkholderia WP9 (a gram-negative bacteria), and Serendipita vermifera Subsp. bescii (a Basidiomycota fungus). Maize seedlings were grown for 3 weeks under controlled conditions in the greenhouse and assessed for various growth promotion phenotypes. We found Herbaspirillum seropedicae to increase chlorophyll content, plant height, root length, and root volume significantly in different maize genotypes, while Burkholderia WP9 did not significantly promote growth in any lines under these conditions. Serendipita bescii significantly increased root and shoot mass for 4 maize genotypes, and growth promotion correlated with measured fungal abundance. Although plant genetic variation by itself had a strong effect on phenotype, its interaction with the different endophytes was weak, and the endophytes rarely produced consistent effects across different genotypes. This genome-by-genome interaction indicates that the relationship between a plant host and beneficial endophytes is complex, and it may partly explain why many microbe-based growth stimulants fail to translate from laboratory settings to the field. Detangling these interactions will provide a ripe area for future studies to understand how to best harness beneficial endophytes for agriculture.
Asymptomatic and Submicroscopic Plasmodium Infections in an Area Before and During Integrated Vector Control in Homa Bay, Western Kenya
Authors: Omondi Collince Jared , Wilfred Otambo O , Odongo David , Ochwedo Kevin O. , Otieno Antony , Onyango Shirley A. , Orondo Pauline , Ondeto Benyl M. , Lee Ming-Chieh , Zhong Daibin , Kazura James W. , Githeko Andrew K. , Yan Guiyun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Long lasting insecticidal bednets (LLINs) have been the primary vector control strategy until indoor residual spraying (IRS) was added in Homa Bay and Migori Counties in western Kenya. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of LLINs integrated with organophosphate-based (Actellic 300 CS) IRS on the prevalence of asymptomatic and submicroscopic Plasmodium species infections in Homa Bay County.
Methods

Four consecutive community cross-sectional surveys for Plasmodium species infection were conducted in residents of Homa Bay County, Kenya commencing immediately before and 2 years after introduction of annual IRS. Finger-prick blood samples were obtained to prepare thick and thin smears for microscopic determination and qPCR diagnosis of Plasmodium genus, P. falciparum, P. malariae and P. ovale infection.
Results

Plasmodium spp. infection prevalence by microscopy was 18.5% before IRS and 14.2%, 3.3% and 1.3% after two annual rounds of IRS (χ²= 186.9, df = 3, p < 0.0001). Submicroscopic (blood smear negative, qPCR positive) parasitemia was 50.4% before IRS and 43.2%, 68.0% and 80.7% after IRS (χ²= 31.98, df = 3, p < 0.0001). Geometric mean density of P. falciparum parasitemia decreased over the 2-year study period (ANOVA, F = 28.95, df = 3, 243, p < 0.0001). The proportion of blood smear positive asymptomatic infections that included P. falciparum did not significantly change over the study period. In contrast, the proportion of asymptomatic submicroscopic P. falciparum infections trended upward following introduction of IRS (pre-IRS 48.2% versus post-IRS 41.6%, 61.3% and 75.4%; (χ²= 24.00, df = 3, p = 0.0002).
Conclusions

These data suggest that two annual rounds of IRS integrated with LLIN significantly reduced the prevalence of Plasmodium parasitemia, whereas the proportion of submicroscopic infections that included P. falciparum parasite increases. Strategies that aim at reducing the number of asymptomatic submicroscopic infections should be considered to diminish cryptic P. falciparum transmission and enhance malaria control.
Lymphocyte-C-Reactive Protein Ratio with Calf Circumference Could Better Predict Survival of Patients with Non-Metastatic Cancer
Authors: Shi Han-Ping , Liu Xiao-Yue , Zhang Xi , Zhang Qi , Ruan Guo-Tian , Xie Hai-Lun , Liu Tong , Song Meng-Meng , Ge Yi-Zhong , Deng Li 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Systemic inflammatory responses caused by tumor cells play an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Most of these responses are accompanied by a decrease in muscle mass. The aim of this study was to identify biomarkers that most accurately predict prognoses in patients with non-metastatic cancer and to evaluate their clinical significance when combined with muscle markers.
Methods

This study retrospectively evaluated 2,797 cancer patients diagnosed with cancer at TNM stages I, II, and III. Lymphocyte-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) in conjunction with calf circumference (CC) were used (or chosed) after evaluating the predictive value of 13 inflammatory marker combinations and five anthropometric indicators for patient outcomes using the C-index. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox’s proportional hazards regression modeling were used to analyze the individual and combined effects of these two potential biomarkers on overall survival.
Results

This study enrolled 1,604 men (57.3%) and 1,193 women (42.7%) with a mean age of 58.75 years. Among the 13 inflammatory nutritional indicators, the LCR was the most accurate predictor of prognoses in patients with non-metastatic cancer. The optimal threshold for the LCR was 2,500. After multifactorial adjustment, we found that low LCR had an adverse effect on overall survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.50; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.17, 2.88; P<0.001). Low LCR combined with low CC was also shown to be an independent risk factor for poor overall survival (HR: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.80, 2.83; P<0.001). In non-metastatic cancer patients of different ages, stages, surgery history, and tumor types (for example, upper gastrointestinal cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer), patients with a low LCR combined with a low CC had statistically significantly reduced overall survival. Compared with LCR or CC alone, the combination of the two had greater prognostic value for patients with non-metastatic cancer.
Conclusions

The LCR can be implemented as a useful biomarker to predict prognoses in patients with non-metastatic cancer, its predictive value is superior to the other evaluated indicators of inflammation. CC is the best anthropometric indicator of muscle loss in patients with non-metastatic cancer. The combination of LCR and CC can better predict the prognosis of patients with non-metastatic cancer, and can provide important information for clinicians to formulate diagnosis and treatment plans.
SMART Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Bozkurt Saliha , Toprak Berna , Yıldırım Hasan Çağrı , Parlak Şafak , Güven Deniz Can , Kertmen Neyran , Oğuz Kader Karlı , Dizdar Ömer 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy (SMART) syndrome, is a late complication of brain radiotherapy. (1) Symptoms are commonly subacute in onset and involve migraine type of headache, seizures, focal neurologic deficits.(2) . MRI findings are usually unilateral and posterior predominant cortical-subcortical hyperintensity, swelling and prominent gyriform (cortical and leptomeningeal) gadolinum enhancement in the areas of brain that underwent irradiation with or without diffusion restriction.(1) There is no standard treatment protocol of SMART syndrome. Antiepileptics and corticosteroids are commonly used drugs.Case Report: A 65 years old woman diagnosed with breast cancer with brain metastases and treated with more than 50 Gy brain radiotherapy. A couple of months later patient presented with acute right sided weakness and numbness, episodic myoclonic jerking of the right arm and leg and gait instability. MRI and magnetic resonance angiography of the brain with gadolinium revealed left parietooccipital cortical diffusion restriction and accompanying dilatation of the left posterior cerebral artery as new findings. Computed tomography perfusion revealed increased perfussion in the affected area. The patient was diagnosed with SMART syndrome.Management & Outcome: The patient was treated with dexamethasone (16 mg/day) and anticonvulsant therapy. Myoclonic seizures had almost completely remitted. However, her cognitive impairment persisted, then the patient arrested because of aspiration a month later.Discussion: Besides confirming SMART syndrome, diagnostic investigations is also important to exclude other etiologies. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, post-ictal changes, meningoencephalitis and cerebrovascular diseases are radiological differential diagnosis which should be considered.(3) Proper and early diagnosis of SMART syndrome is significant to refrain unneccessary aggressive approaches and for appropriate treatment to prevent sequela lesions.
Changes in Household Size and Depression: A Temporal Analysis
Authors: Sempungu Joshua Kirabo , Choi Minjae , Lee Eun Hae , Lee Yo Han 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study examines the relationship between changes in household size and depression through a temporal analysis using the Korean Welfare Panel Study. The number of household members at both t-1 and t year was measured and a generalized estimating equation was used. Households that increased in size after a year showed a lower prevalence of depression than the corresponding reference groups. On the contrary, when individuals from multi-person households inhabited single-person households after a year, their probability of experiencing depression increased by more than 70% in comparison to those who remained in single-person households throughout.
The Conventional Gait Model’s Sensitivity to Lower-limb Marker Placement
Authors: Fonseca Mickael , Armand Stéphane , Dumas Raphaël , Leboeuf Fabien , Bergere Mariette , Cândido João 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Clinical gait analysis supports treatment decisions for patients with motor disorders. Measurement reproducibility is affected by extrinsic errors such as marker misplacement—considered the main factor in gait analysis variability. However, how marker placement affects output kinematics is not completely understood. The present study aimed to evaluate the Conventional Gait Model’s sensitivity to marker placement. Using a dataset of kinematics for 20 children, eight lower-limb markers were virtually displaced by 10 mm in all four planes, and all the displacement combinations were recalculated. Root-mean-square deviation angles were calculated for each simulation with respect to the original kinematics. The marker movements with the greatest impact were for the femoral and tibial wands together with the lateral femoral epicondyle marker when displaced in the anterior–posterior axis. When displaced alone, the femoral wand was responsible for a deviation of 7.3° (± 1.8°) in hip rotation. Transversal plane measurements were affected most, with around 40% of simulations resulting in an effect greater than the acceptable limit of 5°. This study also provided insight into which markers need to be placed very carefully to obtain more reliable gait data.
An Effectiveness and Cost-Estimation Model for Deploying Assistive Technology Solutions in Elderly Care
Authors: Maresova Petra , Rezny Lukas , Bauer Petr , Fadeyia Oluwaseun , Eniayewu Olaniyi , Barakovic Sabina , Husic Jasmina 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Deployment of modern assistive technologies is one of the major trends contained in the strategies of developed countries. However, the use of technology in households is not yet a common practice. The aim of this paper is present a model for assessment of selected smart device solutions in elderly care and the evaluation of overall care costs. The model provides the optimal set of devices for different target groups in terms of financial savings.
Methods

The model uses demographic projections taken from Eurostat for EU countries and the disability incidence from the annual report of the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs of the Czech Republic as an input. The model was implemented in the software Stella Professional dedicated to system dynamics modelling including a web interface and is accessible online.
Results

In relation to the combination of five assistive devices for the elderly, the optimal solution, the cost savings are 37.8% or182 billion CZK), cumulatively in the simulated time period 2021-2060. Out of the five available assistive devices, up to three - UpWalker, Jaco robotic arm and Poseidon - were employed by the model for different target groups.
Conclusion

According to the performed analysis the assistive technologies proved a significant potential to maintain the quality of life of elderly and lessen the burden on public budgets. With respect to the ongoing demographic transition, the need to employ smart device solutions should further increase and their price could decline with increasing scale of production and overall advancement in technology.
In Grenada, West Indies, What Is the Degree of Bat-human Interaction in Households and Is It Associated to Arboviral Disease?
Authors: Macri John , Prieto Marilyn , Domangue Morgan , James Amanda , Shulse Taylor , Bidasee Satesh , Smith Maia , Cheetham Sonia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Bats are reservoirs for several zoonotic pathogens, making human-bat interactions particularly concerning. Recent studies documented that Grenadian bats can be infected with Zika, dengue and Chikungunya viruses and Leptospira bacteria among other pathogens. The objective of this study was to estimate the number of homes in Grenada that have a bat infestation, and to determine whether there is a correlation between the number of bat infested homes with the type of roofing or the presence of arbovirus infections of human inhabitants. Methods: An institutional review board (IRB) approved questionnaire delivered through a semi-structured interview was administered at the central bus stop in St. George, Grenada to recruit participants from all six parishes and the island of Carriacou. Results determined the percentage of individuals that had bat roosts in their households, whether this was of concern to them, whether they had taken any steps to keep bats out of their residence, and whether they had confirmed or suspected cases of dengue, Zika or Chikungunya virus infections. Information on the type of roofing and presence of window screens were also documented. Bat type (fruit vs insect eating bats) was attempted by guano description. Results: Results from 210 individual responses provided data showing all six parishes were represented although not equally. Having bats at the household was not associated with parish of residence, roof type or presence or absence of window screens. The results showed 60% of homes in Grenada are bat-infested and 51% of people self-reported recent arbovirus infection; but no correlation between the two. Also, no correlation to a specific type of roof or type of bat was found.Conclusions: A statistically significant number of inhabitants had attempted to remove bats from their homes, indicating that bats are perceived as pest to homes in Grenada, and justifying further research into relocating bats through the use of construction changes, awareness, and the creation of bat houses.
Minimising Young Children’s Anxiety through Schools (MY-CATS): Protocol for a Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Effectiveness and Cost-effectiveness of an Online Parent-led Intervention Compared With Usual School Practice for Young Children Identified as at-risk for Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Reardon Tessa , Dodd Helen , Hill Claire , Jasper Bec , Lawrence Peter J , Morgan Fran , Rapee Ronald M , Ukoumunne Obioha C , Violato Mara , Davey Emily , Halliday Gemma , Jones Benjamin , Martineau Lindsey , McCall Amy , Niekamp Natascha , Placzek Anna , Potts Ruth , Weisser Tamatha , Creswell Cathy 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundIdentifying and supporting young children who are at-risk of developing anxiety disorders would benefit children, families, and wider society. Elevated anxiety symptoms, inhibited temperament, and high parental anxiety are established risk factors for later anxiety disorders, but it remains unclear who is most likely to benefit from prevention and early intervention programmes. Delivering an online intervention through schools to parents of young children who have one or more of these risks could maximise reach.The primary aim of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of delivering an online parent-led intervention, compared with usual school provision only, for children (aged 4-7) identified as at-risk for anxiety disorders on the basis of at least one risk factor. We also aim to identify the characteristics of children who do and do not benefit from intervention and mechanisms of change from the intervention.MethodsThe design will be a parallel group, superiority cluster randomised controlled trial, with schools (clusters) randomised to intervention or usual school practice arms in a 1:1 ratio stratified according to level of deprivation within the school. The study will recruit and randomise at least 60 primary/infant schools in England, and on the basis of recruiting 60 schools, we will recruit 1080 trial participants (540 per arm). Parents of all children (aged 4-7) in sampled Reception, Year 1, and Year 2 classes will be invited to complete screening questionnaires. Children who screen positive on the basis of anxiety symptoms, and/or behavioural inhibition, and/or parent anxiety symptoms will be eligible for the trial. Parents/carers of children in schools allocated to the intervention arm will be offered a brief online intervention; schools in both arms will continue to provide any usual support for children and parents throughout the trial. Assessments will be completed at: screening, baseline (before randomisation), 6-weeks, 12-weeks, and 12-months post randomisation. The primary outcome will be the absence/presence of an anxiety disorder diagnosis at 12-months. DiscussionThe trial will determine if delivering an online intervention for parents of young children at-risk of anxiety disorders identified through screening in schools is effective and cost-effective. Trial registration: ISRCTN 82398107. Prospectively registered on 14.1.2021. https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN82398107