bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digitale Ethik aus Studierendensicht – Ethische Treiber und Barrieren zur Nutzung eines Digitalen Studienassistenten
Authors: Greiff Paul 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie fortschreitende Digitalisierung der Hochschullandschaft führt dazu, dass sowohl Lehrende als auch Studierende sich auf den Umgang mit neuen Technologien einstellen müssen. Eine dieser neuen Technologien sind digitale Assistenten, welche bereits in anderen Bereichen des täglichen Lebens Einzug gehalten haben. Digitale Assistenten besitzen die Fähigkeit mehrere vormals unverknüpfte Daten zu verbinden, um auf dieser Grundlage Empfehlungen abzugeben oder sogar Vorhersagen zu treffen.Im Hochschulkontext kann ein Digitaler Studienassistent (DSA) Studierenden beispielsweise Vorschläge für eine Modulwahl geben, auf Grundlage der fachlichen Interessen zusätzliches Lehrmaterial zur Verfügung stellen oder auch bei der Organisation eines Auslandssemesters unterstützen. Bei all den vielfältigen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten und der mitschwingenden Euphorie, die ein solches System bei der Implementierung mit sich bringt, wird oft vergessen, die Nutzerperspektive angemessen zu berücksichtigen. Besonders der Bereich digitale Ethik hat hier bisher eher ein Schattendasein geführt. Dabei ist insbesondere ein System, welches persönliche Daten verknüpft und mit Entscheidungshinweisen in den Alltag der Nutzer eingreift, der kritischen ethischen Betrachtung der Nutzergruppe, im Falle desDSA: den Studierenden, ausgesetzt.Dieser Beitrag nimmt sich daher dieser Thematik an und untersucht die ethischen Treiber, welche eine Nutzung des DSAs begünstigen und Barrieren, welche einer Nutzung entgegenstehen. Zudem soll auch geklärt werden, was Studierende grundlegend unter digitaler Ethik verstehen. Ziel ist es, mittels einer explorativen Befragung einen Überblick über die genannten Faktoren zu geben und aufzuzeigen, wie diese von Entwicklerseite berücksichtigt werden können.
Triage admission protocol with a centralized quarantine unit for patients after acute care surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: A tertiary center experience in Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Chih-Ho , Chiu Chen-Lun , Lin Yi-Ting , Yu Ann-Yu , Kang Yen-Te , Cherng Michael , Chen Yi-Hui , Chuang Ting-Hui , Huang Hsin-Yi , Pao Jwo-Luen , Chen Kuo-Hsin , Chang Chih-Hung 
Published: March 2022

Background
During the COVID-19 surge in Taiwan, the Far East Memorial Hospital established a system including a centralized quarantine unit and triage admission protocol to facilitate acute care surgical inpatient services, prevent nosocomial COVID-19 infection and maintain the efficiency and quality of health care service during the pandemics.

Materials and methods
This retrospective cohort study included patients undergoing acute care surgery. The triage admission protocol was based on rapid antigen tests, Liat® PCR and RT-PCT tests. Type of surgical procedure, patient characteristics, and efficacy indices of the centralized quarantine unit and emergency department (ED) were collected and analyzed before (Phase I: May 11 to July 2, 2021) and after (Phase II: July 3 to July 31, 2021) the system started.

Results
A total of 287 patients (105 in Phase I and 182 in Phase II) were enrolled. Nosocomial COVID-19 infection occur in 27 patients in phase I but zero in phase II. More patients received traumatological, orthopedic, and neurologic surgeries in phase II than in phase I. The patients’ surgical risk classification, median total hospital stay, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, intraoperative blood loss, operation time, and the number of patients requiring postoperative ICU care were similar in both groups. The duration of ED stay and waiting time for acute care surgery were longer in Phase II (397 vs. 532 minutes, p < 0.0001). The duration of ED stay was positively correlated with the number of surgical patients visiting the ED (median = 66 patients, Spearman’s ρ = 0.207) and the occupancy ratio in the centralized quarantine unit on that day (median = 90.63%, Spearman’s ρ = 0.191).

Conclusions
The triage admission protocol provided resilient quarantine needs and sustainable acute care surgical services during the COVID-19 pandemic. The efficiency was related to the number of medical staff dedicated to the centralized quarantine unit and number of surgical patients visited in ED.
It was tough, but necessary. Organizational changes in a community based maternity care system during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative analysis in the Netherlands
Authors: Appelman Iris F. , Thompson Suzanne M. , van den Berg Lauri M. M. , van der Wal Janneke T. Gitsels , de Jonge Ank , Hollander Martine H. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
The Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2pandemic necessitated several changes in maternity care. We investigated maternity care providers’ opinions on the positive and negative effects of these changes and on potential areas of improvement for future maternity care both in times of crisis and in regular maternity care.

Methods
We conducted nineteen semi-structured in-depth interviews with obstetricians, obstetric residents, community-based and hospital-based midwives and obstetric nurses. The interviews were thematically analysed using inductive Thematic analysis.

Results
Five themes were generated: ‘(Dis)proportionate measures’, ‘A significant impact of COVID-19’, ‘Differing views on inter-provider cooperation’, ‘Reluctance to seek help’ and ‘Lessons learnt’. The Central Organizing Concept was: ‘It was tough but necessary’. The majority of participants were positive about most of the measures that were taken and about their proportionality. These measures had a significant impact on maternity care providers, both mentally and on an organizational level. Most hospital-based care providers were positive about professional cooperation and communication, but some community-based midwives indicated that the cooperation between different midwifery care practices was suboptimal. Negative effects mentioned were a higher threshold for women to seek care, less partner involvement and perceived more fear among women and their partners, especially around birth. The most significant positive effect mentioned was increased use of eHealth tools. Recommendations for future care were to consider the necessity of prenatal and postnatal care more critically, to replace some face-to-face visits with eHealth and to provide more individualised care.

Conclusion
Maternity care providers experienced measures and organizational changes during the first wave of the COVID19-pandemic as tough, but necessary. They believed that a more critical consideration of medically necessary care, increased use of e-health and more individualised care might contribute to making maternity care more sustainable during and after the pandemic.
Quantitative evaluation of radiodermatitis following whole-breast radiotherapy with various color space models: A feasibility study
Authors: Park So-Yeon , Kim Jin Ho , Chang Ji Hyun , Park Jong Min , Choi Chang Heon , Kim Jung-In 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
We analyzed skin images with various color space models to objectively assess radiodermatitis severity in patients receiving whole-breast radiotherapy.

Methods
Twenty female patients diagnosed with breast cancer were enrolled prospectively. All patients received whole-breast radiotherapy without boost irradiation. Skin images for both irradiated and unirradiated breasts were recorded in red-green-blue (RGB) color space using a mobile skin analysis device. For longitudinal analysis, the images were acquired before radiotherapy (RTbefore), approximately 7 days after the first fraction of radiotherapy (RT7days), RT14days, and approximately 10 days after radiotherapy completion (RTafter). Four color space models (RGB, hue-saturation-value (HSV), L*a*b*, and YCbCr models) were employed to calculate twelve color space parameters for each skin image. Skin dose measurements for irradiated breasts were performed using nanoDot optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters on the first fraction of radiotherapy. Subsequently, acute radiation dermatitis in each patient was assessed according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group scoring criteria at both RT14days and RTafter. Finally, several statistical analysis methods were applied to investigate the performance of the color space parameters to objectively assess the radiodermatitis.

Results
Owing to radiation-induced skin damage, R value of RGB model as well as S and V values of the HSV model for irradiated breasts increased significantly, while those for unirradiated breasts showed smaller increases. These parameters showed the longitudinal changes in color space parameters within each group and between groups over time with statistical significance. Strong correlations of the parameters for irradiated breasts at RT7days with skin doses and those at RTafter were observed with statistical significance.

Conclusion
The R value of RGB model as well as the S and V values of HSV model showed relatively better performance in evaluating the acute radiation dermatitis. These color space parameters could therefore serve as useful tools to assess radiodermatitis severity in a dose-dependent manner.
Experimental uninephrectomy associates with less parasympathetic modulation of heart rate and facilitates sodium-dependent arterial hypertension
Authors: Pliquett Rainer U. , Brandes Ralf P. 
Published: March 2022

Background
Blood pressure is known to be increased in kidney donors following living-donor kidney transplantation. However, the physiological underpinnings of the blood-pressure increase following uninephrectomy remain unclear. We hypothesized that changes in sympathetic tone or in parasympathetic modulation of sinus node function are involved in the blood-pressure increase following experimental kidney-mass reduction.

Methods
C57BL6N mice (6 to 11 per group) subjected to sham surgery (controls) or uninephrectomy with or without a one-week course of sodium chloride-enriched, taurine-deficient diet were studied. Uninephrectomized mice treated with a subcutaneous infusion of angiotensin-II over a period of one week were positive controls. A transfemoral aortic catheter with telemetry unit was implanted, readings of heart-rate and blood-pressure were recorded. Powerspectral analysis of heart rate and systolic blood pressure was performed to gain surrogate parameters of sympathetictone and parasympathetic modulation of sinus node function. Baroreflex sensitivity of heart rate was determined from awake, unrestrained mice using spontaneous baroreflex gain technique.

Results
Systolic arterial blood pressure, heart rate and baroreflex sensitivity were not different in uninephrectomized mice when compared to controls. Parasympathetic modulation of sinus node function was less in uninephrectomized mice in comparison to controls. Uninephrectomized mice of the high-angiotensin-II model or of the high-salt and taurine-deficiency model had an increased systolic arterial blood pressure.

Conclusions
Uninephrectomy associated with less parasympathetic modulation of sinus node function. The combination of uninephrectomy, taurine-deficiency and high-salt intake led to arterial hypertension.
Risk stratification of cirrhotic patients undergoing esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: A single-centre experience
Authors: Grass Julia K. , Küsters Natalie , Kemper Marius , Tintrup Jan , Piecha Felix , Izbicki Jakob R. , Perez Daniel , Melling Nathaniel , Bockhorn Maximilian , Reeh Matthias 
Published: March 2022

Background
Concomitant liver cirrhosis is a crucial risk factor for major surgeries. However, only few data are available concerning cirrhotic patients requiring esophagectomy for malignant disease.

Methods
From a prospectively maintained database of esophageal cancer patients, who underwent curative esophagectomy between 01/2012 and 01/2016, patients with concomitant liver cirrhosis (liver-cirrhotic patients, LCP) were compared to non-liver-cirrhotic patients (NLCP).

Results
Of 170 patients, 14 cirrhotic patients with predominately low MELD scores (≤ 9, 64.3%) were identified. Perioperative outcome was significantly worse for LCP, as proofed by 30-day (57.1% vs. 7.7, p<0.001) and 90-day mortality (64.3% vs. 9.6%, p<0.001), anastomotic leakage rate (64.3 vs. 22.3%, p = 0.002) and sepsis (57.1 vs. 21.5%, p = 0.006). Even after adjustment for age, gender, comorbidities, and surgical approach, LCP revealed higher odds for 30-day and 90-day mortality compared to NLCP. Moreover, 5-year survival analysis showed a significantly poorer long-term outcome of LCP (p = 0.023). For risk stratification, none of the common cirrhosis scores proved prognostic impact, whereas components as Bilirubin (auROC 94.4%), INR (auROC = 90.0%), and preoperative ascites (p = 0.038) correlated significantly with the perioperative outcome.

Conclusion
Curative esophagectomy for cirrhotic patients is associated with a dismal prognosis and should be evaluated critically. While MELD and Child score failed to predict perioperative mortality, Bilirubin and INR proofed excellent prognostic capacity in this cohort.
Bagaimana Menulis Biografi Audiovisual Poststrukturalis?
Authors: Wijaya I Nyoman 
Published: March 2022

Poststructuralist audiovisual biography is written using a poststructuralist historical approach and audiovisual archives. This study presents a new method in writing concise and concise biographies for the purpose of making papers and publication articles. The problem is focused on how the writing technique is? Like poststructuralist history, this biography model departs from the actor's present situation in the past. The goal is to explore the actor’s experience that brought him to where he is now. The actor’s successness or failureness today depend on the capital (resources) he has. Are these resources in accordance with the profession? Resources are formed from habits that have undergone internalization to form habits as a guide for actors in thinking and acting when dealing with social reality. Considering this biography model is relatively unknown to academics and history students in genera. This study also discusses the method to write biography as well as the theory that can be used as a basis for thinking. Thus, Bourdieu's generative structural theory is considered very relevant to be used.
On the nonlinear perturbations of self-adjoint operators
Authors: Bełdziński Michał , Galewski Marek , Majdak Witold 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Using elements of the theory of linear operators in Hilbert spaces and monotonicity tools we obtain the existence and uniqueness results for a wide class of nonlinear problems driven by the equation

T
x
=
N

(

x

)

Tx=N\left(x)

, where

T

T

is a self-adjoint operator in a real Hilbert space

ℋ

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal H} }}

and

N

N

is a nonlinear perturbation. Both potential and nonpotential perturbations are considered. This approach is an extension of the results known for elliptic operators.
Lipschitz estimates for partial trace operators with extremal Hessian eigenvalues
Authors: Vitolo Antonio 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We consider the Dirichlet problem for partial trace operators which include the smallest and the largest eigenvalue of the Hessian matrix. It is related to two-player zero-sum differential games. No Lipschitz regularity result is known for the solutions, to our knowledge. If some eigenvalue is missing, such operators are nonlinear, degenerate, non-uniformly elliptic, neither convex nor concave. Here we prove an interior Lipschitz estimate under a non-standard assumption: that the solution exists in a larger, unbounded domain, and vanishes at infinity. In other words, we need a condition coming from far away. We also provide existence results showing that this condition is satisfied for a large class of solutions. On the occasion, we also extend a few qualitative properties of solutions, known for uniformly elliptic operators, to partial trace operators.
Experimental and analytical study on the behavior of hybrid GFRP/steel bars in reinforced concrete deep beams
Authors: Shoeib Ata El-Kareim , Arafa Ahmed Noureldean Mohamed , El Rady Ramy Abd El-Hakeem Abd , Tawhed Waleed Mohamed Fouad 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe deep beam is one of the essential members of high-rise buildings structures, so the deep beams are used as a transfer girder; in walls water structures, the deep beam behavior is different from the slender beam behavior; the deep beam plane section before does not remain plane after bending. In recent years, the use of FRP as a composite material in reinforced concrete structures has been growing up to cover problems by weight of structure buildings, corrosion, repairing, and construction cost. This paper presents an experimental, analytical study to assign the variation of mechanical properties of reinforced concrete deep beams using vertical and horizontal GFRP stirrups. This paper investigates the mechanical properties of test specimens for deep beams reinforced in shear with GFRP or steel bars as web reinforcement. The deep beams are reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) in various ratios as a web reinforcement configuration (0, 0.25%, and 0.40%) rather than traditional steel web reinforcement. All tested specimens have the same span to depth ratio of 0.40 (a/d); the primary and secondary reinforcement is steel bars. The web reinforcement ratio significantly affected deep beams’ load capacity and mechanical behavior. The GFRP enhancement the mechanical behavior of the reinforced concrete deep. Increasing the GFRP web reinforcement ratio enhances the deep beam load capacity. The test results compared with the traditional ACI design method strut-tie model to demonstrate the effect of web reinforcement ratio on deep beam load capacity and strut width. The test results have been verified by ABAQUS 6.13.
TLP diffusion bonding of C–C composite and TC4 alloy using AgCuNiLi alloy as joining material
Authors: Wang Jie , Li Ge , Yang Haotian , Li Penghao , Liu Jing , Feng Yang , Fang Qingyu , Luo Han 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this study, AgCuNiLi alloy was successfully used as the intermediate layer to join Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) alloy and silicon carbide (SiC) coated carbon–carbon (C–C) composites by transient liquid phase diffusion bonding (TLP). Through the characterization and analysis of microstructure, element distribution, phases and fracture behavior of as-prepared joints by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, mechanical testing etc., the influences of the SiC coating on the surface of C–C composites on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints were studied. Experimental results indicate that joints with a gradient structure of “C–C|SiC coating|Ti–Cu intermetallic|Ag-based solid solution|Ti–Cu intermetallic|diffusion layer|TC4” can be formed during the bonding procedure. The presence of SiC coating greatly improves the continuity and density of the interfacial layer adjacent C–C composites, which is beneficial to the overall performance of the joint. The average shear strength of as-prepared joint achieves 26.5 MPa, and the fracture tends to occur along the interface of C–C|SiC and adjacent areas.
Analysis of the expression and prognostic value of MT1-MMP, β1-integrin and YAP1 in glioma
Authors: Zhai Yangyang , Sang Wei , Su Liping , Shen Yusheng , Hu Yanran , Zhang Wei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Increased expression of membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP/MMP14) is associated with the development of many cancers. MT1-MMP may promote the entry of yes-associated protein1 (YAP1) into the nucleus by regulating the regulation of β1-integrin. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of MT1-MMP, β1-integrin and YAP1 on the prognosis of gliomas. The expression of proteins was detected by bioinformatics and immunohistochemistry. The relationship between three proteins and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed by the χ
2 test. Survival analysis was used to investigate the effects of three proteins on prognosis. The results showed that high expressions of MT1-MMP, β1-integrin and YAP1 were found in glioblastoma (GBM) compared with lower-grade glioma (LGG). There was a significantly positive correlation between MT1-MMP and β1-integrin (r = 0.387), MT1-MMP and YAP1 (r = 0.443), β1-integrin and YAP1 (r = 0.348). Survival analysis showed that patients with overexpression of MT1-MMP, β1-integrin and YAP1 had a worse prognosis. YAP1 expression was the independent prognostic factor for progression-free survival (PFS). There was a statistical correlation between the expression of MT1-MMP and YAP1 and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDHl) mutation. Thus, this study suggested that MT1-MMP, β1-integrin and YAP1, as tumor suppressors, are expected to be promising prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for glioma patients.
Oscillation and Property B for Semi-Canonical Third-Order Advanced Difference Equations
Authors: Chatzarakis G.E. , Srinivasan R. , Thandapani E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we present sufficient conditions for the third-order nonlinear advanced difference equations of the form

Δ

(

a

(
n
)

)

Δ

(

b

(
n
)

Δ
y

(

(
n
)

)

)

=
p

(
n
)

f

(

y

(

σ

(
n
)

)

)

\Delta \left( {a\left( n \right)} \right)\Delta \left( {b\left( n \right)\Delta y\left( {\left( n \right)} \right)} \right) = p\left( n \right)f\left( {y\left( {\sigma \left( n \right)} \right)} \right)

to have property B or to be oscillatory. These conditions are based on monotonic properties and estimates of nonoscillatory solutions of corresponding canonical type equations. The obtained results extended and improve known results mentioned in the literature.
Nanocolloid simulators of luminescent solar concentrator photovoltaic windows
Authors: Darwish Abdalla M. , Sarkisov Sergey S. , Patel Darayas N. , Mele Paolo , Latronico Giovanna , Wilson Simeon , Cho Kyu , Giri Anit , Koplitz Brent , Hui David 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Transparent luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) windows with edge-attached photovoltaic (PV) cells have the potential for improving building efficiency without compromising aesthetics and comfort. Optimization of such windows requires an inexpensive simulator for experimenting with various designs. We report, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, the simulator of a transparent LSC window in the form of a plastic container filled with a colloid of photoluminescent nanoparticles (NPs) in an organic solvent (1-propanol). The exemplary NPs were produced by ball milling of the powder of rare earth (RE)-doped phosphor NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ synthesized by the wet method. The NPs converted the ultraviolet (UV) solar spectrum into visible/near infrared (NIR) via spectral down-shifting and down-conversion (quantum cutting). With a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of the phosphor <0.4%, the LSC at a nanocolloid concentration of ∼0.1 g solids per 100 mL liquids demonstrated a power conversion efficiency of 0.34% and a power concentration ratio of ∼0.022 comparable to the LSCs with RE-doped NPs with 200 times greater PLQY. At the same time, the 3 cm thick LSC window simulator had ∼90% transmittance to the sunlight. The content and concentration of the nanocolloid could be easily modified to optimize the LSC window performance without a costly window making process.