bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poor outcome of pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia harboring high FLT3/ITD allelic ratios
Authors: Qiu Kun-yin , Liao Xiong-yu , Liu Yong , Huang Ke , Li Yang , Fang Jian-pei , Zhou Dun-hua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractActivating FLT3 mutations are the most common mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but the optimal threshold of FLT3/ITD allelic ratio (AR) among pediatric AML patients remains controversial. Here, we present the outcome and prognostic significance of FLT3/ITD AR analysis among pediatric patients with AML from the TARGET dataset. Applying fitting curve models and threshold effect analysis using the restrictive cubic spline function following Cox proportional hazards models identifies the cut-off value of 0.5 on FLT3/ITD AR. Moreover, we observe that high FLT3/ITD AR patients have an inferior outcome when compared to low AR patients. Our study also demonstrates that stem cell transplantation may improve the outcome in pediatric AML patients with high FLT3/ITD AR and may be further improved when combined with additional therapies such as Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin. These findings underline the importance of individualized treatment of pediatric AML.
Age-dependent impact of two exercise training regimens on genomic and metabolic remodeling in skeletal muscle and liver of male mice
Authors: Bernier Michel , Enamorado Ignacio Navas , Gómez-Cabrera Mari Carmen , Calvo-Rubio Miguel , González-Reyes Jose Antonio , Price Nathan L. , Cortés-Rodríguez Ana Belén , Rodríguez-Aguilera Juan Carlos , Rodríguez-López Sandra , Mitchell Sarah J. , Murt Kelsey N. , Kalafut Krystle , Williams Katrina M. , Ward Christopher W. , Stains Joseph P. , Brea-Calvo Gloria , Villalba Jose M. , Cortassa Sonia , Aon Miguel A. , de Cabo Rafael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSkeletal muscle adapts to different exercise training modalities with age; however, the impact of both variables at the systemic and tissue levels is not fully understood. Here, adult and old C57BL/6 male mice were assigned to one of three groups: sedentary, daily high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT), or moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) for 4 weeks, compatible with the older group’s exercise capacity. Improvements in body composition, fasting blood glucose, and muscle strength were mostly observed in the MICT old group, while effects of HIIT training in adult and old animals was less clear. Skeletal muscle exhibited structural and functional adaptations to exercise training, as revealed by electron microscopy, OXPHOS assays, respirometry, and muscle protein biomarkers. Transcriptomics analysis of gastrocnemius muscle combined with liver and serum metabolomics unveiled an age-dependent metabolic remodeling in response to exercise training. These results support a tailored exercise prescription approach aimed at improving health and ameliorating age-associated loss of muscle strength and function in the elderly.
Piezoelectric strain sensor with high sensitivity and high stretchability based on kirigami design cutting
Authors: Kim Young-Gyun , Song Ji-Hyeon , Hong Seongheon , Ahn Sung-Hoon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWearable technology requires high-performance sensors with properties such as small size, flexibility, and wireless communication. Stretchability, sensitivity, and tunability are crucial sensor properties; stretchability and sensitivity ensure user comfort and accurate sensing performance, while tunability is essential for implementing sensors in diverse applications with different ranges of motion. In this study, we developed a high performance kirigami piezoelectric strain sensor. Using finite element analysis, the sensing performance was evaluated, and the kirigami patterns were optimized. The electromechanical properties of sensors with four different kirigami patterns were analyzed. A sensor voltage measurement circuit was also designed, amplifying the output voltage 86.5 times by improving measurement accuracy. A piezoelectric kirigami sensor was constructed with a sensitivity of 9.86 V/cm2 and a stretchability of 320.8%, higher than those of previously reported kirigami piezoelectric strain sensors. Finally, the fabricated sensor was successfully applied in a haptic glove for playing musical instruments.
An epitope-optimized human H3N2 influenza vaccine induces broadly protective immunity in mice and ferrets
Authors: Bullard Brianna L. , DeBeauchamp Jennifer , Pekarek Matthew J. , Petro-Turnquist Erika , Vogel Peter , Webby Richard J. , Weaver Eric A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere is a crucial need for an improved H3N2 influenza virus vaccine due to low vaccine efficacy rates and increased morbidity and mortality associated with H3N2-dominated influenza seasons. Here, we utilize a computational design strategy to produce epitope-optimized, broadly cross-reactive H3 hemagglutinins in order to create a universal H3N2 influenza vaccine. The Epigraph immunogens are designed to maximize the viral population frequency of epitopes incorporated into the immunogen. We compared our Epigraph H3 vaccine to the traditional egg-based inactivated influenza vaccine from 2018–19, FluZone. Epigraph vaccination-induced stronger cross-reactive antibody responses than FluZone against 18 H3N2 viruses isolated from 1968 to 2019 in both mice and ferrets, with protective hemagglutination inhibition titers against 93–100% of the contemporary H3N2 strains compared to only 27% protection measured from FluZone. In addition, Epigraph vaccination-induced strong cross-reactive T-cell immunity which significantly contributes to protection against lethal influenza virus infection. Finally, Epigraph vaccination protected ferrets from influenza disease after challenge with two H3N2 viruses. The superior cross-reactive immunity induced by these Epigraph immunogens supports their development as a universal H3N2 influenza vaccine.
Tree-ring data set for dendroclimatic reconstructions and dendrochronological dating in European Russia
Authors: Solomina Olga , Matskovsky Vladimir , Dolgova Ekaterina , Kuznetsova Veronika , Semenyak Nadezhda , Bebchuk Tatiana , Mikhalenko Vladimir , Karpukhin Alexey , Khasanov Bulat 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe data set presented represents 15 years of collection. It contains tree-ring width measurements from 64 sites of living trees and ten historical chronologies based on archaeological and construction wood up to year 572 CE, altogether 2909 tree-ring series and more than 450000 measured and cross-dated tree rings. It covers the vast territory of European Russia, including its forested northern and central parts, and the Northern Caucasus mountains. The potential use of these data include climatic reconstructions of regional and hemispheric scale, dendrochronological dating of historical and cultural wood, ecological and remote sensing studies.
CRISPR activation screen identifies TGFβ-associated PEG10 as a crucial tumor suppressor in Ewing sarcoma
Authors: Saratov Vadim , Ngo Quy A. , Pedot Gloria , Sidorov Semjon , Wachtel Marco , Niggli Felix K. , Schäfer Beat W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs the second most common pediatric bone and soft tissue tumor, Ewing sarcoma (ES) is an aggressive disease with a pathognomonic chromosomal translocation t(11;22) resulting in expression of EWS-FLI1, an “undruggable” fusion protein acting as transcriptional modulator. EWS-FLI1 rewires the protein expression in cancer cells by activating and repressing a multitude of genes. The role and contribution of most repressed genes remains unknown to date. To address this, we established a CRISPR activation system in clonal SKNMC cell lines and interrogated a custom focused library covering 871 genes repressed by EWS-FLI1. Among the hits several members of the TGFβ pathway were identified, where PEG10 emerged as prime candidate due to its strong antiproliferative effect. Mechanistic investigations revealed that PEG10 overexpression caused cellular dropout via induction of cell death. Furthermore, non-canonical TGFβ pathways such as RAF/MEK/ERK, MKK/JNK, MKK/P38, known to lead to apoptosis or autophagy, were highly activated upon PEG10 overexpression. Our study sheds new light onto the contribution of TGFβ signalling pathway repression to ES tumorigenesis and suggest that its re-activation might constitute a novel therapeutic strategy.
Microbial production of toluene in oxygen minimum zone waters in the Humboldt Current System off Chile
Authors: Srain Benjamín M. , Pantoja-Gutiérrez Silvio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractExpansion of oxygen minimum zones in the world's oceans is likely to enhance the production of anaerobic metabolites by marine microorganisms. Here we show that toluene is present throughout the year in shelf waters of the upwelling ecosystem off Concepción (36° S), Chile, and it is a product of microbial anaerobic metabolism. The intra-annual variability in toluene concentrations is consistent with seasonal variability in the strengths of suboxic equatorial and oxygenated subantarctic water masses. Laboratory incubations of oxygen minimum zone water showed microbial production of toluene in the absence of O2. Toluene concentrations were elevated (up to 96 nM) in deeper O2-depleted waters and followed a seasonal pattern in oceanographic conditions. There is evidence to hypothesize that microbial production of toluene could be a homeostatic biochemical mechanism to thrive in the more acidic oxygen minimum zone waters. On the other hand, evidence indicates that microbial anaerobic degradation of toluene may be a source of NO2− by partial denitrification, as shown for aquifer sediments. Since toluene production was not detected in incubations under aerobic conditions, we hypothesize that oxygen minimum zone waters export toluene to surrounding oxygenated waters. Expansion of hypoxia in the ocean will certainly enhance the production and export of anaerobic metabolites by marine microorganisms.
Phylogenetic relationships among Bradyrhizobium species nodulating groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.), jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis L.) and soybean (Glycine max Merr.) in Eswatini
Authors: Ngwenya Zanele D. , Mohammed Mustapha , Jaiswal Sanjay K. , Dakora Felix D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study assessed the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of rhizobial isolates obtained from root nodules of groundnut, jack bean and soybean planted in different locations within Eswatini. Seventy-six rhizobial isolates were studied using ERIC-PCR (enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus) fingerprinting and PCR amplification of 16S rRNA, housekeeping genes (atpD, dnaK, glnllandrpoB) and symbiotic genes (nifHandnodC). The dendrogram generated from the ERIC-PCR banding patterns grouped the test rhizobial isolates into 16 major clusters (Cluster I–XVI), with three isolates, namely TUTAHeS60, TUTGMeS3 and TUTAHeS127, forming outgroups of Clusters IV, VI and IX, respectively. Furthermore, the 76 test isolates were grouped into 56 ERIC-PCR types at 70% similarity level. The phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and multilocus sequence analysis of four housekeeping (atpD, dnaK, glnIIandrpoB) and two symbiotic (nifHandnodC) genes showed that all three legumes (groundnut, jack bean and soybean) were nodulated by bacterial symbionts belonging to the genusBradyrhizobium, with some isolates exhibiting high divergence from the known reference type strains. The results also showed thatB. arachidis, B. iriomotenseandB. canariensewere the closest type strains to the groundnut isolates, whileB. pachyrhiziandB. elkaniiwere the closest relatives to the bacterial symbionts associated with the nodulation of both jack bean and soybean. This study is the first report to describe of the bacterial symbionts nodulating jack bean in African soils.
A new type of half-metallic fully compensated ferrimagnet
Authors: Semboshi S. , Umetsu R. Y. , Kawahito Y. , Akai H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHalf-metallic fully compensated ferrimagnets (HM-FCFMs) constitute a special class of half-metals exhibiting zero magnetization at zero temperature. While there have been a number of theoretical studies predicting the existence of such materials over the last 25 years, very few of those have been synthesized and observed that they exhibit expected properties. Herein, we demonstrate that a NiAs-type hexagonal-structured (CrFe)S compound could serve as an HM-FCFM material. It has a half-metallic nature of 100% spin-polarised Fermi surfaces and yet zero magnetisation at the ground state. The magnetisation shows linear behaviour as a function of the magnetic field at temperatures below the compensation temperature (~ 190 K). In addition, it shows a high magnetic coercivity of 3.8 T at 300 K. These magnetic features contribute to a significant development in the application of HM-FCFMs for spintronics devices.
On-demand ferrofluid droplet formation with non-linear magnetic permeability in the presence of high non-uniform magnetic fields
Authors: Bijarchi Mohamad Ali , Yaghoobi Mohammad , Favakeh Amirhossein , Shafii Mohammad Behshad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe magnetic actuation of ferrofluid droplets offers an inspiring tool in widespread engineering and biological applications. In this study, the dynamics of ferrofluid droplet generation with a Drop-on-Demand feature under a non-uniform magnetic field is investigated by multiscale numerical modeling. Langevin equation is assumed for ferrofluid magnetic susceptibility due to the strong applied magnetic field. Large and small computational domains are considered. In the larger domain, the magnetic field is obtained by solving Maxwell equations. In the smaller domain, a coupling of continuity, Navier Stokes, two-phase flow, and Maxwell equations are solved by utilizing the magnetic field achieved by the larger domain for the boundary condition. The Finite volume method and coupling of level-set and Volume of Fluid methods are used for solving equations. The droplet formation is simulated in a two-dimensional axisymmetric domain. The method of solving fluid and magnetic equations is validated using a benchmark. Then, ferrofluid droplet formation is investigated experimentally, and the numerical results showed good agreement with the experimental data. The effect of 12 dimensionless parameters, including the ratio of magnetic, gravitational, and surface tension forces, the ratio of the nozzle and magnetic coil dimensions, and ferrofluid to continuous-phase properties ratios are studied. The results showed that by increasing the magnetic Bond number, gravitational Bond number, Ohnesorge number, dimensionless saturation magnetization, initial magnetic susceptibility of ferrofluid, the generated droplet diameter reduces, whereas the formation frequency increases. The same results were observed when decreasing the ferrite core diameter to outer nozzle diameter, density, and viscosity ratios.
Bridging scales between solid mechanics and surface chemistry
Authors: Amiot Fabien 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA continuum mechanics framework is used herein to model the strains induced in a micromechanical structure by surface phenomena such as adsorption. The resulting picture significantly differs from those of a liquid under surface tension. Considering a solid isotropic elastic material, it is shown that a sphere undergoes a non uniform deformation under surface adsorption. The direction of the surface’s displacement is additionally shown to depend on both the material and the sphere’s radius. It is also shown that modeling surface effects with an elastic membrane surrounding a Cauchy elastic material, the elastic energy is usually misestimated. The reported results also reveal that the overall response of a mechanical structure to surface adsorption strongly depends, at a given scaling, of the higher-grade elastic behavior of the material.
Expression and prognosis analysis of mitochondrial ribosomal protein family in breast cancer
Authors: Lin Xiaoyi , Guo Lijuan , Lin Xin , Wang Yulei , Zhang Guochun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is characterized by high morbidity. Mitochondrial ribosomal protein (MRP) family participates in mitochondrial energy metabolism, underlying BC progression. This study aims to analyze the expression and prognosis effect of the MRP genes in BC patients. GEPIA2, UALCAN, cBioPortal, and MethSurv were used to demonstrate the differential expression, genomic alteration profiles, and DNA methylation of the MRP gene family in BC. Functional enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction network construction were performed to understand the biological function. Based on 1056 TCGA samples with the transcriptional level of MRPs, Kaplan–Meier curves, Cox, and LASSO regression were applied to explore their prognostic effects. 12 MRPs were upregulated in BC, which were associated with gene amplification and DNA methylation. MRP genetic alteration occurred in 42% of BC patients, and amplification was the most frequent variation. Functioning in its entirety, the MRP family was involved in mitochondrial translational termination, elongation, translation, and poly(A) RNA binding. High expression of MRPL1, MRPL13, MRPS6, MRPS18C, and MRPS35, as well as low levels of MRPL16, and MRPL40 significantly indicated poor prognosis in BC patients. Thus, a novel MRP-based prognostic nomogram was established and verified with favorable discrimination and calibration. We not only provided a thorough expression and prognosis analysis of the MRP family in BC patients but also constructed an MRP-based prognostic nomogram. It was suggested that MRPs acted as biomarkers in individualized risk prediction and may serve as potential therapeutic targets in BC patients.
Different profiles of neurocognitive impairment in patients with hepatitis B and C virus infections
Authors: Tan Chun-Hsiang , Chang Meng-Chia , Tsai Wei-Fang , Chuang Wan-Long , Huang Jee-Fu , Lin Zu-Yau , Dai Chia-Yen , Yeh Ming-Lun , Li Chi-Ting , Yu Rwei-Ling 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe direct impact of chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C on neurocognition remains elusive due to the frequent comorbidities, and the domains of the neurocognitive functions affected have rarely been investigated comprehensively. We cross-sectionally assessed the neurocognitive functions of the individuals with chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis C, treated chronic hepatitis C with a sustained virologic response, and their healthy control counterparts. Laboratory examinations were used to investigate the impact of inflammation on neurocognition, exclude the medical conditions that could interfere with neurocognition assessment, and assess liver function and fibrotic severity of the liver of the participants. This study found the detrimental impact of chronic hepatitis B on language and executive functions. In contrast, individuals with chronic hepatitis C showed deficits in executive functions, psychomotor speed, memory, and attention. Successful elimination of hepatitis C resulted in improved liver function, but not neuropsychological test performance. Moreover, erythrocyte sedimentation rate level was found to mediate the deficits in the attention of individuals with chronic hepatitis C. These results demonstrate the neurocognitive deficits and the difference in the profiles of neurocognitive deficits in individuals with chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C. Our study also provided results suggesting the mediation by systemic inflammation on the attention deficit in individuals with chronic hepatitis C.
NbN films on flexible and thickness controllable dielectric substrates
Authors: Shi Hongkai , Liang Lanju , Huang Yi , Bao Han , Jin Biaobing , Wang Zhihe , Jia Xiaoqing , Kang Lin , Xu Weiwei , Chen Jian , Wu Peiheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA simple method for preparing superconducting NbN thin films on flexible dielectric substrates with controllable thickness was developed. The structure and surface characteristics and superconducting properties of the flexible film were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and physical property measurement system (PPMS). We found that NbN films on the flexible substrate show certain preferred orientations through the self-buffering effect of the amorphous NbN layer. The zero resistance superconducting transition temperature (TC0) for 10 nm thick NbN films is 8.3 K, and the TC0 for 30 nm thick NbN films in a magnetic field of 9 T remains above 7 K. This flexible film can be transferred to any substrate and adapted to different shape applications. It can also be further processed into single-layer or multilayer flexible superconducting devices.
Sulfate erosion investigation on FRP-confined concrete in cold region
Authors: Ji Yongcheng , Zou Yunfei , Li Wei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) confined concrete is regarded as an innovative and economical approach for structural repairation. Two typical materials [carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP)] are selected in this study to investigate the concrete strengthen effect in a severe environment. The resist ability of FRP-confined concrete is discussed when subjected to coupled erosion between sulfate erosion and freeze–thaw cycles. Electron microscopy examines concrete's surface and interior degradation during coupled erosion. The corrosion degree and principle of sodium sulfate are analyzed using pH, SEM electron microscope, and EDS energy spectrum. The axial compressive strength test is used to evaluate the reinforcement of the FRP-confined concrete column, and the stress–strain relationship for various FRP-confined techniques in a coupled erosion environment is obtained. The error analysis is performed to calibrate the experimental test result using four existed prediction models. All observations indicate that the deterioration process of FRP-confined concrete is complicated and dynamic under coupled effect. Sodium sulfate initially increases the initial strength of concrete. However, subsequent freeze–thaw cycles may aggravate concrete fractures, while sodium sulfate further degrades the strength of concrete through the cracking development. A precise numerical model is presented to simulate the stress–strain relationship, which is critical for the design and life cycle assessment of FRP-confined concrete.
Favorable immune checkpoint inhibitor outcome of patients with melanoma and NSCLC harboring FAT1 mutations
Authors: Zhang Wenjing , Tang Yunfeng , Guo Yuxian , Kong Yujia , Shi Fuyan , Sheng Chao , Wang Suzhen , Wang Qinghua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are most commonly used for melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. FAT atypical cadherin 1 (FAT1), which frequently mutates in melanoma and NSCLC. In this study, we aim to investigate the association ofFAT1mutations with ICI response and outcome. We collected somatic mutation profiles and clinical information from ICI-treated 631 melanoma and 109 NSCLC samples, respectively. For validation, a pan-cancer cohort with 1661 patients in an immunotherapy setting was also used. Melanoma and NSCLC samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas were used to evaluate the potential immunologic mechanisms ofFAT1mutations. In melanoma, patients withFAT1mutations had a significantly improved survival outcome than those wild-type patients (HR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46–0.97,P = 0.033). An elevated ICI response rate also appeared inFAT1-mutated patients (43.2% vs. 29.2%,P = 0.032). Associations ofFAT1mutations with improved prognosis and ICI response were confirmed in NSCLC patients. In the pan-cancer cohort, the association betweenFAT1mutations and favorable ICI outcome was further validated (HR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.58–0.96,P = 0.022). Genomic and immunologic analysis showed that a high mutational burden, increased infiltration of immune-response cells, decreased infiltration of immune-suppressive cells, interferon and cell cycle-related pathways were enriched in patients withFAT1mutations. Our study revealed thatFAT1mutations were associated with better immunogenicity and ICI efficacy, which may be considered as a biomarker for selecting patients to receive immunotherapy.