bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Augmented neutralization of SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant by boost vaccination and monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Schulz Sebastian R. , Hoffmann Markus , Roth Edith , Pracht Katharina , Burnett Deborah L. , Mazigi Ohan , Schuh Wolfgang , Manger Bernhard , Mielenz Dirk , Goodnow Christopher C. , Christ Daniel , Pöhlmann Stefan , Jäck Hans‐Martin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEffective vaccines and monoclonal antibodies have been developed against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). However, the appearance of virus variants with higher transmissibility and pathogenicity is a major concern because of their potential to escape vaccines and clinically approved SARS‐CoV‐2‐ antibodies. Here, we use flow cytometry‐based binding and pseudotyped SARS‐CoV‐2 neutralization assays to determine the efficacy of boost immunization and therapeutic antibodies to neutralize the dominant Omicron variant. We provide compelling evidence that the third vaccination with BNT162b2 increases the amount of neutralizing serum antibodies against Delta and Omicron variants, albeit to a lower degree when compared to the parental Wuhan strain. Therefore, a third vaccination is warranted to increase titers of protective serum antibodies, especially in the case of the Omicron variant. We also found that most clinically approved and otherwise potent therapeutic antibodies against the Delta variant failed to recognize and neutralize the Omicron variant. In contrast, some antibodies under preclinical development potentially neutralized the Omicron variant. Our studies also support using a flow cytometry‐based antibody binding assay to rapidly monitor therapeutic candidates and serum titers against emerging SARS‐CoV‐2 variants.
Development of Noval Electrocatalyst Based on Graphene Supported Palladium‐Cobalt Nanoparticles as Hydrogen Evolution Catalyst for the Cost Effective Production of Hydrogen from Methanol
Authors: Pennada Nagalakshmi , Singh Rajaputra Subhakaran , Kumar Brahman Pradeep 
Published: March 2022

AbstractProduction of hydrogen using conventional water electrolysis is not the convenient and effective way due to slow oxidation evaluation at the anode electrode. Electroreforming of organic substances such as methanol to generate hydrogen has been considered an innovative strategy. Herein, graphene (G) supported Pd3−Co1 (Pd3−Co1/G) catalyst was synthesized and employed as cathode catalyst to facilitate hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in the electrochemical methanol reformation (ECMR) process. The structural characteristics of synthesized Pd3−Co1/G were determined by FE‐SEM, HR‐TEM, EDX, XRD, FT‐IR, UV, XPS, and ICP‐OES techniques. Furthermore, the electrocatalytic behavior of the proposed catalyst was evaluated by CV, LSV and EIS techniques in 0.5 M H2SO4. Electrochemical studies revealed that Pd3−Co1/G exhibited a large electrochemically active surface area (120 m2 g−1), good long‐term stability, low Tafel slope value (46 mV dec−1) and small Rct value (12 Ω). The practical utility of the developed catalyst towards hydrogen production in ECMR cell was tested at various experimental conditions using membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) which were prepared using commercial Pt−Ru/C as anode and Pd3−Co1/G as cathode electrocatalysts respectively. The synthesized Pd3−Co1/G electrocatalyst exhibited superior cell performance for 50 h at 60 °C cell temperature with a cell voltage and current density of 0.58 V and 150 mA cm−2, respectively. The improvement in electrocatalytic activity could be attributed to alloying Pd with Co and the use of G as carbon support, which in turn enhanced the HER activity of Pd. Hence, the prepared Pd3−Co1/G can be used as an alternative to cathode electrocatalyst for HER in ECMR cells.
Hepatic inflammation elicits production of proinflammatory netrin‐1 through exclusive activation of translation
Authors: Barnault Romain , Verzeroli Claire , Fournier Carole , Michelet Maud , Redavid Anna Rita , Chicherova Ievgeniia , Plissonnier Marie‐Laure , Adrait Annie , Khomich Olga , Chapus Fleur , Richaud Mathieu , Hervieu Maëva , Reiterer Veronika , Centonze Federica Grazia , Lucifora Julie , Bartosch Birke , Rivoire Michel , Farhan Hesso , Couté Yohann , Mirakaj Valbona , Decaens Thomas , Mehlen Patrick , Gibert Benjamin , Zoulim Fabien , Parent Romain 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
Netrin‐1 displays protumoral properties, though the pathological contexts and processes involved in its induction remain understudied. The liver is a major model of inflammation‐associated cancer development, leading to HCC.

Approach and Results
A panel of cell biology and biochemistry approaches (reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, reporter assays, run‐on, polysome fractionation, cross linking immunoprecipitation, filter binding assay, subcellular fractionation, western blotting, immunoprecipitation, stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture) on in vitro–grown primary hepatocytes, human liver cell lines, mouse samples and clinical samples was used. We identify netrin‐1 as a hepatic inflammation‐inducible factor and decipher its mode of activation through an exhaustive eliminative approach. We show that netrin‐1 up‐regulation relies on a hitherto unknown mode of induction, namely its exclusive translational activation. This process includes the transfer of NTN1 (netrin‐1) mRNA to the endoplasmic reticulum and the direct interaction between the Staufen‐1 protein and this transcript as well as netrin‐1 mobilization from its cell‐bound form. Finally, we explore the impact of a phase 2 clinical trial‐tested humanized anti‐netrin‐1 antibody (NP137) in two distinct, toll‐like receptor (TLR) 2/TLR3/TLR6‐dependent, hepatic inflammatory mouse settings. We observe a clear anti‐inflammatory activity indicating the proinflammatory impact of netrin‐1 on several chemokines and Ly6C+ macrophages.

Conclusions
These results identify netrin‐1 as an inflammation‐inducible factor in the liver through an atypical mechanism as well as its contribution to hepatic inflammation.
Media and social factors influencing stigma towards eczema patients: A survey study in Singapore
Authors: Jiang Shaohai , Chia Christopher 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIssue addressedEczema is a common skin health issue in Singapore. A salient challenge eczema patients are facing is the stigma towards them, which has been relatively unacknowledged. It is critical to reducing stigma towards eczema patients, and an essential step is to identify factors influencing stigmatising behaviour.MethodsWith a general basis of the Integrative Model of Behavioral Prediction, we conducted a cross‐sectional online survey (N = 293) in the context of Singapore. The sample was recruited via the online panel of a survey company, Rakuten Insights. Our sample's age and education level generally fit with the population in Singapore.ResultsMedia exposure to eczema content did not influence stigmatising behaviour either directly or indirectly. However, personal connection with eczema patients reduced stigma indirectly, completely mediated by stigmatising attitude towards eczema patients and health literacy. That is, personal connection with eczema patients had a negative relationship with stigmatising attitude, which was positively associated with the intention of and actual stigmatising behaviour. However, personal connection increased health literacy, which in turn reduced stigmatising intention and behaviour.ConclusionsWe call for more future initiatives to fight against health stigma. Health promotion can take advantage of eczema patients’ social network to educate the general public about the eczema issue to lower stigma. Public policy responses to prevent discrimination on the basis of skin health are also needed. Media organisations should use news media and social media to speak out against stigma towards eczema patients, and avoid using stigmatising language.
Predictors of social intelligence, empathy, and self‐efficacy among sexual offenders
Authors: Cartwright Angie D. , Minton Casey A. Barrio , Reyes Ana G. , Abernathy Meagan , Groves Kerin K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe authors aimed to assess the predictive nature of social intelligence, empathy, general self‐efficacy (GSE), time in counseling, and risk‐level in a sample of sexual offenders receiving counseling services (n = 151). No mean differences in variables were observed on the basis of victim type, offense type, or risk level. Linear regression models indicated that study variables accounted for 22% of the variance in social intelligence and 13% of the variance in empathy. In both models, GSE emerged as the strongest predictor after accounting for other variables.
Antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory activities of chitosan/copper complex coating on medical catheters: In vitro and in vivo
Authors: Gu Guisong , Erişen Deniz Eren , Yang Ke , Zhang Bingchun , Shen Minggang , Zou Jingyu , Qi Xun , Chen Shanshan , Xu Xiaohe 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCopper ions (Cu) grafted chitosan coating was prepared using the pneumatic spraying method on the silicone rubber surface. Coating's surface properties, morphology, composition, Cu releasing behavior, antibacterial, and anti‐inflammatory activities are investigated and discussed. Surface properties, composition, and morphology were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle measurements. The antibacterial activity has been tested with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus suspensions in vitro. Besides, the morphology of the biofilm was inspected with a field emission SEM. To evaluate the anti‐inflammatory activity and biosafety of the coating in vivo, the optimized coating samples and control groups were implanted subcutaneously into the back of mice. The bacterial environment model was established by injection of the bacterial suspension. The morphology and bacterial adhered on the surface of catheters and the surrounding tissues were analyzed after 5 days of implantation. As in vitro results, the number of adhered bacterial on the surface of the silicon rubber surface was decreased, and the anti‐inflammatory rate was increased by the intensify of the Cu content in chitosan coating. As for in vivo results, after 5 days of implantation, there was no evident inflammation in the surrounding tissues of all catheters in all without the S. aureus injected group. In the injected chitosan/Cu coated group; the inflammation, the number of the adhered bacteria were observed less than other injected samples without Cu; no inflammation were noticeable. Results indicate that the Cu‐modified chitosan coating can confer excellent antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory activity as applied on medical catheters.
Influence of Metastatic Bone Lesion Type and Tumor Origin on Human Vertebral Bone Architecture, Matrix Quality, and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Bailey Stacyann , Stadelmann Marc A. , Zysset Philippe K. , Vashishth Deepak , Alkalay Ron N. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Metastatic spine disease is incurable, causing increased vertebral fracture risk and severe patient morbidity. Here, we demonstrate that osteolytic, osteosclerotic, and mixed bone metastasis uniquely modify human vertebral bone architecture and quality, affecting vertebral strength and stiffness. Multivariable analysis showed bone metastasis type dominates vertebral strength and stiffness changes, with neither age nor gender having an independent effect. In osteolytic vertebrae, bone architecture rarefaction, lower tissue mineral content and connectivity, and accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) affected low vertebral strength and stiffness. In osteosclerotic vertebrae, high trabecular number and thickness but low AGEs, suggesting a high degree of bone remodeling, yielded high vertebral strength. Our study found that bone metastasis from prostate and breast primary cancers differentially impacted the osteosclerotic bone microenvironment, yielding altered bone architecture and accumulation of AGEs. These findings indicate that therapeutic approaches should target the restoration of bone structural integrity. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Natural quinones induce ROS‐mediated apoptosis and inhibit cell migration in PANC‐1 human pancreatic cancer cell line
Authors: Narayanan Prasad , Farghadani Reyhaneh , Nyamathulla Shaik , Rajarajeswaran Jayakumar , Thirugnanasampandan R. , Bhuwaneswari Gunasekaran 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPancreatic cancer is one of the most devastating of all malignancies with poor prognosis and high mortality rates worldwide. Thymoquinone, plumbagin and juglone, which are naturally occurring quinones, have been reported for their promising anticancer effect on different cancer cells. However, their mechanism of action and antimetastatic effects are largely unknown against the human pancreatic cancer cell line (PANC‐1). In this study, the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay revealed a dose‐dependent decrease of viability in quinone‐treated PANC‐1 cells. In addition, the assessment of changes in cells has demonstrated an occurrence of typical apoptotic morphology in treated PANC‐1 cells compared with control. Besides this, the apoptosis induction was further quantitatively confirmed through flow cytometry analysis. Furthermore, thymoquinone, plumbagin and juglone were evaluated for their influence on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through 2,7‐dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) staining and they dramatically increased the intracellular ROS level in treated PANC‐1 cells, suggesting the critical role of ROS in their apoptosis induction. This study also demonstrated the wound healing potential of these compounds and inhibited PANC‐1 cell migration in a time‐dependent manner compared with control. This inhibition was correlated with reduced expression of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) in juglone‐treated cells detected through gelatin zymography. In conclusion, thymoquinone, plumbagin and juglone significantly inhibited cell growth and induced ROS‐mediated apoptosis in PANC‐1 cells. In addition, they could be potent antimetastatic agents due to their anti‐migratory effect against PANC‐1 human pancreatic cancer cells.
Long noncoding RNA LBX2‐AS1 promotes colorectal cancer progression via binding with PTBP1 and stabilizing KAT2A expression
Authors: Zhao Andong , Wang Yu , Lin Fuliang , Bai Keyun , Gu Chao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been investigated in colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study is to identify the biological functions of LBX2‐AS1 in CRC. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the expression of LBX2‐AS1 in CRC cells. Cell counting kit‐8 and colony formation assays were performed to examine cell proliferation. Wound healing and transwell invasion assays were performed to examine the cell migration and invasion. The interaction between PTBP1 and LBX2‐AS1 or KAT2A was confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation. The KAT2A messenger RNA (mRNA) stability was probed using the transcriptional inhibitor Actinomycin D. LBX2‐AS1 was significantly increased in CRC tissues and cells. Knockdown of LBX2‐AS1 inhibited CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The notch signaling pathway was activated by LBX2‐AS1. LBX2‐AS1 enhanced the mRNA stability of the histone acetyltransferase KAT2A by interacting with RNA‐binding protein PTBP1. LBX2‐AS1 acted as an oncogene in CRC.
A nonrandomized phase I and biomarker trial of regorafenib in advanced myeloid malignancies
Authors: How Joan , Ren Siyang , Lombardi‐Story Jennifer , Bergeron Meghan , Foster Julia , Amrein Phillip C. , Brunner Andrew M. , Fathi Amir T. , Hock Hanno , Khachatryan Anna , Kikuchi Hiroto , Ng Mei Rosa , Moran Jenna , Narayan Rupa , Neuberg Donna , Ramos Aura , Som Tina , Vartanian Meghan , Chen Yi‐Bin , Duda Dan G. , Hobbs Gabriela S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe conducted a single‐center, open‐label, dose escalation, and expansion phase I trial of the antiangiogenic multikinase inhibitor regorafenib in patients with advanced myeloid neoplasms. We enrolled 16 patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). A 3 + 3 dose escalation design was used with two planned dose levels (120 or 160 mg daily) and one de‐escalation level (80 mg daily). An additional 10 patients were treated on an expansion cohort. The recommended phase two dose of regorafenib was 160 mg daily, with no dose‐limiting toxicities. The best overall disease response by International Working Group criteria included one partial and stable disease in 11 patients. Tissue studies indicated no change in Ras/mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activation in responders. Pharmacodynamic changes in plasma VEGF, PlGF, and sVEGFR2 were detected during treatment. Baseline proinflammatory and angiogenic cytokine levels were not associated with clinical response. Single‐agent regorafenib demonstrated an acceptable safety profile in relapsed/refractory myeloid malignancy patients. Most patients achieved stable disease, with modest improvements in cell counts in some MDS patients. Biomarker studies were consistent with on‐target effects of regorafenib on angiogenesis. Future studies should investigate the role of regorafenib in combination therapy approaches.
The role of status consumption and brand equity: A comparative study of the marketing of Indian luxury brands by traditional and social‐media
Authors: Husain Rehan , Ahmad Amna , Khan Bilal Mustafa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis research is a comparative study of the marketing of luxury brands by social media and by traditional media. It examines the influence of status consumption and brand equity and shows how they impact on the purchase intention of luxury brands. The research is based on the Indian luxury brand market, a sector that has yet to be studied in any depth. It uses a questionnaire with a convenience sampling strategy that targeted followers of prominent luxury brands in four of India's largest metropolitan cities; 453 usable responses were obtained. The research provides both a model and identifies a number of managerial and theoretical implications. The results show that status consumption and brand equity positively affect the purchase intention, with this being more significant in social media marketing activity than in traditional marketing activities. The research indicates that it would be wise to use a blend of both social and traditional media for marketing luxury brands. For social media campaigns, luxury brand managers should focus on status consumption and brand equity, which should lead to increased intention to purchase.
Urban expansion and infrastructure development reduce habitat suitability for Asian elephants in southwestern China
Authors: Chen Ying , Atzeni Luciano , Gibson Luke , Sun Yakuan , Yang Zicheng , Shi Kun , Dudgeon David 
Published: March 2022

AbstractConservation interventions for threatened species must be based on accurate assessments of the effects of anthropogenic pressures on habitat suitability. We used multiscale multivariable species‐distribution modeling to evaluate habitat suitability for an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) population in Shangyong Reserve, Yunnan Province, southwestern China. We investigated the scales at which measurements of environmental variables best reflected elephant habitat selection, and examined whether these responses changed over 2 decades (2000–2010 and 2011–2020) in response to 20 environmental variables, including 14 variables reflecting landscape fragmentation, the extent of buildings, and transport infrastructure. Elephant presence was sensitive to the scale of each variable, and the effects differed among variables within and between decades. More than half of the variables influenced elephant presence at coarse scales of 8 or 16 km, including 12 variables reflecting anthropogenic pressures in 2000–2010 and 10 in 2011–2020. Overall, multivariate models with variables at their optimal scales had higher discrimination than models at uniformly fine scales of 1 km or 2 km. The extent of suitable habitat for elephants declined by 24% over 2 decades. Less than half of elephant habitat was located within Shangyong Reserve (49% in 2000–2010, 40% in 2011–2020), indicating the importance of managing suitable habitat beyond reserve boundaries. Roads and buildings reduced the probability of elephant presence, with effects that extended beyond their immediate footprint. We advocate that infrastructure be planned with buffers, ≥8 km wide, between roads or buildings and core elephant habitat. Multiscale multivariable species‐distribution modeling should be employed to ensure that all suitable habitat for the remaining fragmented elephant populations in Yunnan is identified, mapped, and protected.
Unilateral Cordotomy: A Systematic Review of Efficacy and Outcomes
Authors: Talmor Guy , Tseng Christopher , Nguyen Brandon , Badash Ido , Lovinescu Corina Din , Benson Brian , Kaye Rachel 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionGlottic obstruction may arise secondary to bilateral vocal fold immobility (BVFI). Treatment options include a tracheostomy to bypass the site of obstruction as well as unilateral transverse cordotomy to alleviate the obstruction. The objective of this review is to determine the efficacy, adverse event profile, and long‐term outcomes, including the need for tracheostomy, in patients undergoing unilateral cordotomy.MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Systems for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed for this systematic review. A literature search of unilateral cordotomy was performed by searching PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase. Articles presenting cases of BVFI treated with unilateral cordotomy were included. Review articles, animal studies, non‐English‐language articles, and abstracts were excluded. Articles presenting cases of bilateral cordotomy or cordotomy with arytenoidectomy were excluded.ResultsWe identified 14 studies and 291 patients undergoing unilateral cordotomy. Sixty‐eight patients had a prior tracheostomy in place at the time of cordotomy. The most common post‐operative complication was granulation tissue formation (n = 39). Thirty‐one patients developed glottic edema with subsequent dyspnea. Three patients developed scarring of the primary cordotomy site with the return to an obstructed airway. Nine patients required a post‐cordotomy tracheostomy due to these complications. Five patients required a long‐term tracheostomy and were unable to be decannulated.ConclusionUnilateral cordotomy is an effective treatment for glottic obstruction with high post‐operative decannulation rates. Adverse events including worsening glottic obstruction are uncommon, although edema and granulation tissue may develop in the post‐operative period and necessitate close post‐operative monitoring. Laryngoscope, 133:6–14, 2023