bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A retrospective observational research study to describe the real‐world use of bosutinib in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands
Authors: Claudiani Simone , Janssen Jeroen J. W. M. , Byrne Jenny , Smith Graeme , Blijlevens Nicole , Raghavan Manoj , Smith Matthew , Clark Richard E. , Mclain‐Smith Susan , Carter Angela M. , Milojkovic Dragana , Apperley Jane F. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo describe the real‐world effectiveness and safety of bosutinib in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).MethodsThis was a multi‐center, retrospective, non‐interventional chart review study conducted in 10 hospitals in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands.ResultsEighty‐seven patients were included. Bosutinib was the third‐line tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in 33 (38%) and fourth‐line in 44 (51%) patients. Median treatment duration was 15.6 months. Among 84 patients in chronic phase (CP) at baseline, 26 (31%) switched to bosutinib due to resistance and 57 (68%) due to intolerance to prior TKIs. Cumulative complete cytogenetic and major molecular response rates in CP patients were 67% and 55%, respectively. After a median follow‐up of 21.5 months, nine (11%) patients in CP died; estimated overall survival rates at 1 and 2 years postbosutinib initiation were 95% and 91%, respectively. Overall, 33/87 (38%) patients discontinued bosutinib due to either lack of efficacy/disease progression (17%), adverse events (14%), death (2%), or other reasons (5%). Eighty‐two (94%) patients experienced ≥1 adverse event possibly related to bosutinib, most commonly diarrhea (52%).ConclusionsBosutinib used in routine clinical practice in heavily pretreated patients with CML is an effective treatment for patients in CP and is generally tolerable.
Characteristics of HIV post‐exposure prophylaxis recipients at six English sexual health clinics during COVID‐19
Authors: Whitlock Gary G. , Ahmed Nadia , Nori Achyuta , Richardson Daniel , Clarke Emily , Browne Rita , Doctor Jessica , Williams Andy , Parkhouse Andrew , Clouser Olivia , Thornhill John 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesDisruption to sexual health services during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2; coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID‐19]) pandemic may have adversely affected the provision of HIV post‐exposure prophylaxis (PEP), possibly leading to increased HIV transmission. Globally, services have reported a reduction in the number of PEP prescriptions dispensed during lockdowns, although it is unclear why. Our primary objective was to describe the temporal change in weekly HIV PEP dispensed at six English sexual health clinics in 2020.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional review of PEP prescriptions from six English centres during 2020.ResultsDuring 2020, 2884 PEP prescriptions were dispensed across the six centres studied, a fall of 34.5% from the 4403 PEP prescriptions in 2019. Before the COVID‐related lockdown in 2020, the PEP dispensed was stable at 82.5 per week. Following the first lockdown, this fell to a nadir of 13 in week 14 (Figure 1). Prescriptions rose to a peak of 79 in week 37 and then declined to 32 prescriptions in the last week of 2020. There was no difference in the following characteristics of PEP recipients before and during the first lockdown: age, ethnicity, country of birth or the service the recipient attended.ConclusionWhatever the reason for the fall in PEP seen in England over 2020, it is essential that HIV testing and access to HIV prevention is maintained for those in need.
Superhard single‐phase (Ti,Cr)B2 ceramics
Authors: Feng Lun , Fahrenholtz William G. , Hilmas Gregory E. , Silvestroni Laura 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA nominally pure and dense (Ti0.9Cr0.1)B2 ceramic was produced by spark plasma sintering of powders synthesized by boro/carbothermal reduction of oxides. The synthesized powders were a single phase and had an average particle of 0.4 ± 0.1 μm and an oxygen content of 1.2 wt%. Average Vickers hardness values of the resulting ceramics increased from 25.9 ± 0.8 GPa at a load of 9.81 N, to 46.3 ± 0.8 GPa at a load of 0.49 N. Compared to the nominally pure TiB2 ceramic obtained under the same processing conditions, the (Ti0.9Cr0.1)B2 ceramic had higher values under the same load due to the finer average grain size (2.4 ± 1.0 μm), higher relative density, and solid solution hardening. The results indicated that the Cr addition promoted densification, suppressed grain growth, and improved the hardness of TiB2 ceramics. This is the first report for dense and single‐phase (Ti,Cr)B2 ceramics as superhard materials.
Personalized refutation texts best stimulate teachers' conceptual change about multimedia learning
Authors: Dersch Anna‐Sophia , Renkl Alexander , Eitel Alexander 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious research has shown that teachers hold misconceptions about multimedia learning (e.g., multimedia instruction needs to be adapted to students' learning styles), which may be at odds with evidence‐based teaching.ObjectivesRefutation texts are a classical method to reduce misconceptions and thus to stimulate conceptual change. We wanted to know whether making use of a computer algorithm to personalize refutation texts would best initiate teachers' conceptual change.MethodsWe designed an online experiment, in whichN= 129 in‐service teachers read either (1) expository texts (without direct refutation), (2) common refutation texts, or (3) personalized refutation texts. The teachers filled in a misconception questionnaire pre and post to assess their conceptual change.Results and ConclusionsStatistical analyses revealed that personalized refutation texts initiated the strongest conceptual change, which was driven by increased feelings of guilt and shame. Common refutation texts did not foster teachers' conceptual change as compared to expository texts. These findings indicate that refutation texts should be personalized for experienced practitioners such as teachers.TakeawaysPersonalized refutation seems to be promising in the context of online teacher training programs. Further research should test to which extent the present findings also apply to other groups of experienced learners or practitioners.
Treatment for temporomandibular disorders in South Korea: A 9‐year trend using cluster analysis
Authors: Jung Sung Yub , Kim Eun‐San , Kim Koh‐Woon , Cho Jae‐Heung , Lee Yoon Jae , Ha In‐Hyuk 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite the availability of clinical practice guidelines for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), research evidence on current clinical practice trends is scarce.ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyse the TMD treatment trends and patterns according to patient characteristics in Korea over a 9‐year period.MethodsThe 2010–2018 Korean Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service National Patient Sample data were used. A total of 109 969 patients diagnosed with TMD as the principal diagnosis at least once in each year were included in the study. The types of visits and treatments were analysed by year. K‐medoids clustering was then performed to analyse the treatment patterns according to patient characteristics.ResultsThe most commonly used drugs for pharmacological treatment were non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and relaxants. The prescription of opioids, anxiolytics and antidepressants was reduced. Among non‐pharmacological treatments, physiotherapy was the most utilised, and its use increased over the years. Cluster analysis showed that treatment patterns generally differed between sexes; the rate of outpatient visits and the use of NSAIDs, relaxants and physiotherapy were higher among female patients.ConclusionsThis study showed that TMD treatment prescriptions changed from 2010 to 2018 and found notable trends in NSAIDs, relaxants, opioids, anxiolytics, antidepressants and physiotherapy. Moreover, the treatment patterns differed between the sexes. These findings indicate that the prescriptions for TMD treatment changed over the years; these results may be useful in the development of future clinical guidelines and should be reflected in future guidelines.
The double dividend of relative auditing—Theory and experiments on corporate tax enforcement
Authors: Bayer Ralph‐C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we present and extend previous theoretical results that show that tax authorities can at the same time reduce tax evasion and boost output with clever audit behavior. We argue that randomized controlled trials or field experiments are impractical for empirical testing in this context. Instead, we turn to laboratory experiments and test if humans follow the theoretical mechanisms underlying the theory. We find that both dividends, less evasion, and higher output, materialize in the laboratory. We show in additional experiments that the behavioral mechanism generating the higher output differs from the theoretical driver.
Circ_0001971 makes progress of oral squamous cell carcinoma by targeting miR‐107/FZD4 axis
Authors: Lu Xiaopeng , Xie Hongguo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundAccumulating articles have suggested the important regulatory roles of circular RNAs in human cancers, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the role of circ_0001971 in OSCC progression remains to be determined.Methods3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide and colony formation assays were conducted to analyze cell proliferation ability. Cell migration and invasion abilities were assessed by transwell assays. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm the target relation between miR‐107 and circ_0001971 or FZD4. Xenograft tumor model was established to analyze the biological role of circ_0001971 in regulating tumor growth in vivo.ResultsCirc_0001971 was markedly up‐regulated in OSCC tissues and cell lines. Circ_0001971 knockdown inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors in vivo. miR‐107 was confirmed as a direct target of circ_0001971, and circ_0001971 depletion‐mediated anti‐tumor effects in OSCC cells could be largely alleviated by silencing miR‐107. miR‐107 directly targeted the 3’ untranslated region of FZD4, and FZD4 overexpression largely reversed the anti‐tumor effects of circ_0001971 in OSCC cells. Circ_0001971 could positively regulate FZD4 expression by targeting miR‐107 in OSCC cells.ConclusionCirc_0001971 promoted the proliferation, migration, and glycolysis of OSCC cells through mediating miR‐107/FZD4 axis. Circ_0001971 might be a new effective target for OSCC treatment in future.
Overeducation and skill mismatch of university graduates in Taiwan
Authors: Chuang Yih‐chyi , Liang Chia‐Yu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOvereducation and skill mismatch have become crucial issues in the modern labor market. Taiwan's rapid structural transformation under industrialization since 1980 followed by the policy of expanding higher education after 1990 provides an excellent scenario for investigating the issues of overeducation and skill mismatch. Utilizing data from the Taiwan Education Panel Survey (TEPS) and its follow‐up survey (TEPS‐B), this paper develops an empirical strategy to test the effect of overeducation and skill mismatch on wage and job satisfaction for university graduates. As in the literature, Taiwan shows significant wage loss for both overeducation and skill mismatch and the wage penalty is higher for overeducation than for skill mismatch. Results from wage performance and job satisfaction estimations suggest both overeducation and job mismatch caused efficiency loss; however, the high wage loss and lower job dissatisfaction for overeducation imply overeducation may arise because of self‐selection under individual heterogeneity, which is not purely an efficiency loss. Therefore, the policy goal should properly focus on mitigating skill mismatch rather than overeducation.
Cryopreservation of rare pediatric red blood cells for support following bone marrow transplant
Authors: Kelly Kathleen , Helander Louise , Hazegh Kelsey , Stanley Crystal , Moss Raymond , Mack Samantha , Sanders Mary L. , Gurley Janice , McKinney Chris , Dumont Larry J. , Annen Kyle 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundA 2‐year‐old, 10.8 kg male pediatric patient with X‐linked chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) with McLeod syndrome (MLS) was scheduled for a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Identification of allogenic red blood cells (RBC) for post‐transplant support was unsuccessful prompting the development of a customized method to collect and freeze rare autologous pediatric cells.Study Design and MethodsA protocol was developed for the collection of small volume pediatric whole blood (WB) via peripheral venipuncture with collection into 10 ml syringes containing anticoagulants. Additionally, a closed system RBC glycerolization and deglycerolization instrument was adapted to process small volume, non‐leukoreduced WB. Both collection and WB processes were validated. In total 4 approximately 100 ml autologous units were collected and frozen. Two units were thawed, deglycerolized, and used for clinical transfusion support. To appreciate processing impacts on RBC rigidity, ektacytometry was performed on pre‐processed and post‐deglycerolization samples.ResultsFree hemoglobin (HGB) of validation units after thawing/deglycerolization was <150 mg/dL with an average red cell recovery of 85%. These units also showed little difference between pre‐and post‐processing Lorrca deformability curves or membrane rigidity. Two pediatric units were thawed and deglycerolized for transfusion. Free HGB was 70 mg/dL and 50 mg/dL post‐thaw, and these RBCs had a slight decrease in deformability and increased membrane rigidity.DiscussionCustomized WB collection, glycerolization, freezing, and deglycerolization processes were developed to successfully support a pediatric patient with CGD and MLS after autologous HSCT. Both pediatric units showed increased membrane rigidity post‐deglycerolization which may be a consequence of the CGD and MLS genetic background.
Contrasting mechanisms and timescales of subduction and exhumation as recorded by Paleoproterozoic and late Paleozoic high-pressure granulites in the North China Craton
Authors: Li Shan-Shan , Palin Richard M. , Santosh M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The North China Craton records multiple metamorphic events related to supercontinent assembly during the Paleoproterozoic, forming Columbia, and again during the late Paleozoic, forming Pangea. Here we show that the Paleoproterozoic high-pressure granulites (HPGs) formed from enriched mid-ocean ridge basalt protoliths and record a clockwise pressure-temperature-time (P–T–t) path with prograde metamorphism at 7.8–10.0 kbar and 780–820 °C, peak granulite-facies metamorphism at 12–12.3 kbar and ∼860–880 °C, and retrograde metamorphism at 8.7–9.1 kbar and 850–855 °C. Subduction initiated prior to 1.90 Ga, with final collision and orogeny at 1.88 Ga, followed by post-collision/exhumation at 1.80 Ga, defining a prolonged exhumation period (∼90 m.y.) that occurred at a slow velocity of ∼0.16 ± 0.08 mm/y. Late Paleozoic HPGs are normal mid-ocean ridge basalt type and record a near clockwise P–T–t path, with peak/post-peak amphibolitefacies metamorphism at 11.0–12.5 kbar and 860–890 °C, isothermal decompression to 7.2–7.5 kbar and 810–820 °C, and retrogression to 5.5–7.2 kbar and 805–850 °C. Subduction initiated earlier than ca. 340 Ma, exhumation and uplift initiated at 335–309 Ma and continued to 297–287 Ma. The exhumation was short-lived (∼50 m.y.) and relatively fast (0.38 ± 0.14 mm/y). When compared to granulite-facies metamorphism documented in many Paleoproterozoic HPGs, late Paleozoic HPGs appear to commonly form with an initial period of steep subduction leading to eclogite-facies metamorphism, with subsequent exhumation to middle/lower levels of the crust. Our results further reveal that the exhumation velocity for supercontinent collision was facilitated and duration shortened through time, and that the exhumation mechanism might have been controlled by subduction angle, compression pressure, and temperature.
Supplemental Material: Possible bipolar global expression of the P3 and P4 glacial events of eastern Australia in the Northern Hemisphere: Marine diamictites and glendonites from the middle to upper Permian in southern Verkhoyanie, Siberia
Authors: Davydov V.I. , al. et 
Published: April 2022

<p>Lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy and age control; Table S1 (distribution and taxonomy of the fossils in the Kobume section, Verkhoyanie, Russia); and supplemental Figures S1– S23. </p>
Lung cancer in recipients after lung transplant: single-centre experience and literature review
Authors: Lashari Bilal Haider , Vender Robert J , Fleitas-Sosa Derlis Christian , Sinha Tejas , Criner Gerard J 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionLung cancer is a major challenge facing modern medicine. It is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the USA. Little is known of the incidence, prevalence and disease characteristics in lung transplant recipients, a population unique in its vulnerability and exposure to carcinogenic risk factors. We aimed to elaborate these characteristics of lung cancer in our population through a retrospective cohort study.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed our institution’s 8-year experience with lung transplantation and searched for patients with a post-transplant diagnosis of lung cancer, neoplasia or mass. We focused on patient demographics, indication for transplant, smoking history, stage at diagnosis, location of the tumour, length of time between transplant and diagnosis, the treatment offered and length of time from diagnosis to death or last follow-up. Descriptive statistics and survival analysis standard Kaplan-Meier method was conducted from the date of cancer diagnosis to death from all-cause mortality or last follow-up as of August 2021.ResultsWe identified 24 patients with de novo lung cancer postlung transplant in 905 recipients. More patients with an underlying diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis developed lung cancer. Twenty-one patients were diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer and three had small cell lung cancer. The remaining native lung was involved most in single lung recipients with 17 patients. Patients with a diagnosis of lung cancer had a mean survival of 17.6 months after diagnosis.DiscussionThe incidence rate of lung cancer in our cohort was higher than reported for smokers from the general population in previous studies. In this study, we compare our findings with available literature. We also explore screening strategies, treatment modalities, survival and postulated mechanisms for the development of lung cancer in lung transplant recipients.
The impact of adopting low-molecular-weight heparin in place of aspirin as routine thromboprophylaxis for patients with hip fracture
Authors: Poacher Arwel T , Hoskins Hannah C , Protty Majd B , Pettit Rebecca , Johansen Antony 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Purpose of the study
In 2010, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommended the use of anticoagulants rather than aspirin as pharmacological thromboprophylaxis after hip fracture. We examine the impact of implementing this change in guidance on the clinical incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

Study design
Demographic, radiographic and clinical data were retrospectively collected for 5039 patients admitted to a single tertiary centre in the UK for hip fracture between 2007 and 2017. We calculated rates of lower-limb DVT and examined the impact of the June 2010 change of departmental policy, from use of aspirin to use of low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) in hip fracture patients.

Results
Doppler scans were performed in 400 patients in the 180 days after a hip fracture, and identified 40 ipsilateral and 14 contralateral DVTs (p&lt;0.001). The rate of DVT reduced significantly following the 2010 change in departmental policy from aspirin to LMWH in these patients (1.62% vs 0.83%, p&lt;0.05).

Conclusions
The rate of clinical DVT halved following the change from aspirin to LMWH for pharmacological thromboprophylaxis, but the number needed to treat was 127. A figure of &lt;1% for the incidence of clinical DVT in a unit that routinely uses LMWH monotherapy following hip fracture provides a context for discussions of alternative strategies, and for power calculations for future research. These figures are important to policy makers and to researchers as they will inform the design of the comparative studies on thromboprophylaxis agents for which NICE has called.
Potential role of d-chiro-inositol in reducing oxidative stress in the blood of nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Simic Dusan , Nikolic Turnic Tamara , Dimitrijevic Aleksandra , Zivadinovic Aleksandar , Milosevic-Stevanovic Jelena , Djuric Dusan , Zivkovic Vladimir , Jakovljevic Vladimir 
Published: April 2022

d- chiro-Inositol (DCI), an isomer of inositol, possesses antioxidative and endothelial protective properties. Possibly due to a deficiency of insulin mediators, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is often associated with insulin resistance (IR) and hyperinsulinemia, likely responsible for an elevated production of reactive oxygen species. We investigated oxidative-related alterations of inositol in the blood of women with PCOS before and after treatment with DCI. A total of 38 normal-weight PCOS women were investigated before and after DCI administration (500 mg/day for 12 weeks; n = 38) by evaluating serum testosterone, serum androstenedione, fasting serum insulin, fasting serum glucose, and parameters of IR. From the blood, we determined biomarkers of oxidative stress: superoxide anion radicals, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, and the index of lipid peroxidation. The activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase and the reduced glutathione (GSH) content in the hemolysate were also assessed. Data showed that PCOS patients' plasma underwent oxidative stress, as indicated by the higher level of prooxidants and reduced cytosolic GSH content. DCI treatment significantly improved the metabolic parameters. Also, serum values of testosterone were reduced. In conclusion, PCOS patients suffer from a systemic oxidative stress that induces endothelial dysfunction. Treatment with DCI is effective in reducing hormonal, metabolic, and oxidative abnormalities in PCOS patients by improving IR.
On weak stability of shock waves in 2D compressible elastodynamics
Authors: Trakhinin Yuri 
Published: April 2022

By using an equivalent form of the uniform Lopatinski condition for 1-shocks, we prove that the stability condition found by the energy method in [A. Morando, Y. Trakhinin and P. Trebeschi, Structural stability of shock waves in 2D compressible elastodynamics, Math. Ann. 378 (2020) 1471–1504] for the rectilinear shock waves in two-dimensional flows of compressible isentropic inviscid elastic materials is not only sufficient but also necessary for uniform stability (implying structural nonlinear stability of corresponding curved shock waves). The key point of our spectral analysis is a delicate study of the transition between uniform and weak stability. Moreover, we prove that the rectilinear shock waves are never violently unstable, i.e. they are always either uniformly or weakly stable.