bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategi pengembangan efisiensi kinerja karyawan pada PT. BSA Logistics
Authors: Syahputra Budi , Subanidja Steph 
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pengembangan efisiensi kinerja karyawan. Objek didalam penelitian ini adalah PT. BSA Logistics. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan purposive dengan unsur kesengajaan dengan menerapkan 5S (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke). Untuk menguji hipotesis dalam penelitian ini digunakan 3 tahap yaitutahap input dengan EFE dan IFE, tahap pencocokan dengan SWOT, kemudian tahap keputusan dengan QSPM.

Kata Kunci: Implementasi Strategi, Efisiensi Kinerja, EFE, IFE, SWOT, QSPM
Pengaruh Struktur Modal Harga Batubara Acuan dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Sub Sektor Pertambangan Batubara yang Tercatat Pada Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2012 – 2016
Authors: Peranginangin Radian , Saragih Ferdinand 
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of Capital Structure (DER), Coal Index Price (HBA), and Profitability (ROE) against Value of Firm (PBV) either partially or simultaneously for period 2012-2016.
This study uses panel data from the secondary data source. The population in this study are coal mining sub sector companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange, Sampling using purposive sampling selected based on the criteria set as many as 18 companies. Analytical techniques used are descriptive statistical analysis and panel data regression analysis with the help of EViews’ version 7.0 program.
The analysis result, showing that capital structure partially has no significant impact on company value, while the coal index price and profitability has positive and significant impact on company value. Simultaneously, capital structure, coal index price and profitability has positive and significant impact on company value with contribution of 40.90%.
RESPUESTAS ECOFISIOLÓGICAS DEL CULTIVO DE CAFÉ BAJO DIFERENTES CONDICIONES DE SOMBREAMIENTO
Authors: Fardim Christo Bruno , Luis Olivas Dionicio Belisario , De Oliveira Carvalho Arnaldo Henrique , Victor Colodetti Tafarel , De Souza Barros Vanessa Maria , Das Graças Teixeira Ariany , Tonole da Silva Ivanete 
Published: August 2022

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Shade crops emerge as an alternative to reduce the effects of global climate change in conventional agriculture. <strong>Objective:</strong> To analyze the ecophysiological responses of coffee cultivation (<em>Coffea arabica</em> L.) under different shading conditions. <strong>Methodology:</strong> Four treatments were established: coffee in full sun, coffee with shade of cassava (<em>Manihot esculenta</em> Crantz.), coffee with shade of banana (<em>Musa </em>sp. var Nanicon) and coffee with shade of palm (<em>Euterpe edulis</em>), in a completely randomized design with six replicates. In each treatment, the crops of cassava, banana and palm were planted in a center line between the lines of the coffee crop. The evaluation was carried out at 1:00 pm, and the variables studied were net assimilation rate of carbon (<em>A</em>), stomatal conductance (<em>g</em><sub>s</sub>), transpiration rate (<em>E</em>), subestomatic concentration of CO<sub>2</sub> (<em>C</em><sub>i</sub>), vapor pressure deficit (DPV), instantaneous efficiency of water use (<em>A/E</em>), intrinsic efficiency of water use (<em>A/g</em><sub>s</sub>) and instantaneous efficiency of carboxylation (<em>A/ C</em><sub>i</sub>). <strong>Results: </strong>under shaded conditions, Coffee, showed the highest values for the net assimilation rate of carbon, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, instantaneous efficiency carboxylation, instantaneous efficiency of water use, intrinsic efficiency in water use, and reduced vapor pressure deficit, compared to growing in full sun. <strong>Implications.</strong> Growing coffee under shaded conditions improves its photosynthetic activity and makes more efficient use of water, this type of conduction being an interesting option for places with high insolation and with problems of water availability. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The ecophysiological variables are influenced by the shading conditions, being that the shade provided by the banana favored the obtaining of higher values for the variables analyzed in the coffee crop.</p>
AGENT ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY BLIGHT Alternaria alternata (FR.) KEISSLER IN THE Solanum lycopersicum L. TOMATO CROP IN MEXICO
Authors: Sanchez Arizpe Abiel , Galindo Cepeda Ma. Elizabeth , Arispe Vazquez Jose Luis , Garcia-Tapia E. 
Published: August 2022

<p><strong>Background.</strong> Tomato is an important crop in Mexico, due mainly to its economic profitability. <strong>Objective. </strong>The objective of the research was to identify the agent associated with early blight in tomato at Morelos. <strong>Methodology.</strong> Samples of diseased plants were taken from a greenhouse at Jantetelco country of the Morelos state and taken to the laboratory. Later, 1 cm cuts of diseased and healthy tissue were made which disinfected with 3% sodium hypochlorite for 1 min and washed three times with sterile distilled water for 1 min. Later, four leaf cuts in were put in Petri dishes with PDA culture medium (Bioxon) kept at 25 °C ± 2 °C for 168 h, the pathogen purification was done by monoconidial cultures and pathogen identifying by morphocultural criteria and molecularly. <strong>Results.</strong> The agent associated with early blight was <em>Alternaria alternata</em>. <strong>Implications.</strong> Our result reveals the opportunity to improve the control of this pathogen. <strong>Conclusion.</strong> Although <em>A</em>. <em>alternata</em> to infect the fruit peduncle causing abortion, in this research the pathogen was found also in leaves. </p>
PERFORMANCE AND PRODUCTIVE DIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE IN MOUNTAIN ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Oliveira Elton de , Aquino Adriana Maria de , Assis Renato Linhares de , Soares de Mello João Carlos Correia Baptista , Angulo Meza Lidia 
Published: August 2022

<p><strong>Background:</strong> The mountainous regions of the state of Rio de Janeiro, due to the way they were colonized, their land structures, and their technical, cultural and climatic conditions, offer unique conditions, not only for the formation of unique environments and characteristic products, but also for the development productive diversity that can provide greater efficiency and agricultural stability. <strong>Objective:</strong> This study aims to evaluate the performance of the agricultural sector of eighty-five municipalities in the state of Rio de Janeiro, with regard to three productive variables: cultivated area in hectares, number of different crops produced, and total revenue in Brazilian Reais, for the calendar year 2015. <strong>Methodology:</strong> Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was chosen for this analysis, because it allows the computation from these input (cultivated area) and output (number of crops and revenue) variables of an efficiency index for each municipality. <strong>Results</strong><strong>:</strong> A dispersion plot of efficiency against the altitude of the administrative seat of the municipalities revealed that 68.23 % of the municipalities lay in the two quadrants corresponding to low altitude, low efficiency and high altitude, high efficiency, indicating a positive correlation of efficiency with altitude. Of the twelve efficient municipalities, eleven practice agriculture in mountain environments, at altitudes ranging from 355 to 871 m.<strong> Implications.</strong> Of the twelve efficient municipalities, eleven practice agriculture in mountain environments at altitudes ranging from 355 to 871 m. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> These results support the supposition that greater agrobiodiversity, as found in the mountainous regions of the state of Rio de Janeiro, contributes to greater agricultural efficiency.<strong></strong></p>
EFECTO DE POLVOS VEGETALES EN EL GORGOJO MEXICANO (Zabrotes subfasciatus Boheman) Y SU DAÑO A GRANOS ALMACENADOS DE FRIJOL LIMA (Phaseolus lunatus L.)
Authors: Bautista-Sosa Nahaiby , Góngora-Gamboa Cristian , Chan-Canché Ricardo , Ballina-Gómez Horacio , González-Mendoza Daniel , Ruiz Sánchez Esau 
Published: August 2022

<p><strong>Background.</strong> Plant powders are ecological agents for pest management in grains stored by small-scale farmers. <strong>Objective.</strong> This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of plant powders of leaves of basil (<em>Ocimum</em> <em>basilicum</em>), spearmint (<em>Mentha spicata</em>), wormseed (<em>Chenopodium ambrosioides</em>) and rue (<em>Ruta graveolens</em>) on the mortality, repellency and infestation of <em>Zabrotes subfasciatus</em> in stored grains of <em>Phaseolus lunatus</em>. <strong>Methodology. </strong>The plant powders were applied at concentration of 1% (weight/weight) to grain samples stored in plastic containers and subsequently the grains were infested with <em>Z. subfasciatus</em> adults. <strong>Results.</strong> The powder of <em>C. ambrosioides</em> caused 96% and 100% mortality in <em>Z. subfaciatus</em> adults at 2 and 4 days after exposure, respectively. The powder of <em>C. ambrosioides</em> caused a decrease in oviposition and progeny production. The powder of <em>C. ambrosioides</em> completely prevented the damage to the grain. Plant powders of the other species had minimal repellent effects.<strong> Implication.</strong> Plant powders represent a feasible alternative to manage pest insects of stored grain. <strong>Conclusion.</strong> The powder of <em>C. ambrosioides</em> prevents damage by <em>Z. subfasciatus</em> in stored grains of<em> P. lunatus</em>.</p>
EFECTO DE LA QUEMA AGRÍCOLA EN UN VERTISOL DE TABASCO MÉXICO: FOSFORO, pH Y CONDUCTIVIDAD ELÉCTRICA
Authors: Lázaro Sánchez Graciela Del Rosario , Bautista Francisco , Goguitchaichvili Avto , López Noverola Ulises , Sanchez Hernandez Rufo 
Published: August 2022

<p><strong>Background.</strong> The practice of burn in the sugarcane crop is considered necessary to facilitate the harvest, although the possible negative impacts on the soil fertility are questioned. <strong>Objective.</strong> The aim of the present research was to characterize the burn and its effects on phosphorous, pH and electrical conductivity in a Chromic Vertisol Gleyic cultivated with sugarcane. <strong>Methodology.</strong> Thus, in one plot, 10 sampling sites were selected, in each one of them, were placed ceramic pieces marked with a coating thermosensitive, these pieces were deposited at 0, 2 and 5 cm depth. At the same sites, soil samples were collected every two cm to a maximum depth of 20 cm, to detect changes in soil variables before and after burning. At the same time, the temperature produced by the burning of the combustible material was measured at three sites of the reedbed, using an infrared thermometer. <strong>Results.</strong> The results indicated that, the burning of the fuel material of the sugarcane produces between 372-549 °C of heat, at the soil surface it reaches 473°C, and less than 149 ° C in the layer 0-20 cm deep. <strong>Implication.</strong> The impact that this burning causes is a slight decrease in pH and a slight increase in EC in the layer of 0-20 cm depth, as well as a minimal increase in the available P in the first 12 cm of the soil surface. <strong>Conclusion.</strong> It is concluded that, the wastes burn in the sugarcane crop is of moderate intensity, so that provoke light changes in the edaphic variables EC, pH and available P.</p>
PREDICTING IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WATER REQUIREMENTS FOR DIRECTLY SOWN RAIN-FED SWEET POTATO IN THE SEMI-ARID KATUMANI REGION, KENYA
Authors: Mbayaki Caleb Wangira , Karuku George Njomo 
Published: August 2022

<p><strong>Background:</strong> In the wake of the changing climate, the current water crisis has increasing relevance for the human race, hence estimation is an integral part of planning, development and management of water resources of the country based on several meteorological parameters. <strong>Hypothesis. </strong>No significant changes in water requirements sweet potato crop for the next 20 years in Katumani, Kenya. <strong>Methodology:</strong> The study predicted the implications of climate change on crop water requirements for the short rain seasons between 1991-2016 (baseline climate) and future from 2020-2039 (climate change) in Katumani with the aid of the CROPWAT 8.0 model. Crop Water Requirements (CWR) were projected in two scenarios: i) Average rainfall and temperature of baseline period (1991-2016), ii) rainfall and temperature predicted in 2039 based on Relative Concentration Pathways (RCP); 8.5 and 2.6 scenarios, adopting the global circulation models (GCM) of IPSL-CM5A-MR and GFDL-CM3 for predicting monthly rainfall and temperature, respectively. To achieve effective water allocation and planning, data on sweet potato water requirements, irrigation withdrawals, soil types and climate conditions were gathered from the study area. <strong>Assumptions:</strong> The study assumed no change in the conditions relating to irrigation and crop production in the future. <strong>Results: </strong>Sweet potato water requirement in the baseline period were modelled at 579.9mm whereas predicted under RCP 2.6 and 8.5 to be 634.1 and 639.3mm, respectively. Averagely, a 16.7% decrease in effective rainfall may increase the overall sweet potato WR by 10.2%. This may be due to increased temperature and reduced rainfall. <strong>Implication: </strong>Short rain season is the most appropriate for production of rain fed crops in Katumani. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> This study is useful in explaining the adverse impacts of climate change mostly on sweet potato water needs in Katumani and in helping to plan and manage water resources for many other crops in arid regions.</p><p> </p><p><strong><br /></strong></p>
CONOCER PARA MEJORAR: FACTORES QUE INFLUYEN EN LA TRANSICIÓN HACIA SISTEMAS SILVOPASTORILES EN LA COSTA DE CHIAPAS
Authors: Vargas-de la Mora A. L. , Castillo-Santiago M. A. , Randhir T. O. , Hernández-Moreno M. C. , Cach-Pérez M. J. , Camacho-Valdéz V. 
Published: August 2022

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Technology adoptions are the main challenge to achieve transition toward sustainable livestock production. <strong>Objective:</strong> This research evaluated factors that influence the silvopastoral technology adoption in Chiapas, Mexico. <strong>Methodology:</strong> Used an integrative methodology relates variables institutional performance, knowledge, and perception of producers on livestock system and interaction between actors. The above was linked to a physical context with satellite imagines analysis to identify components adopted in the field. <strong>Results: </strong>It was found that the type of producer, the location of the property, and the form of institutional support limit the adoption of herd management and feed production intensification technologies such as protein banks and forage banks. <strong>Implications:</strong> This methodology helped identify the limiting factors for adoption, understand the project process, and identify strategies towards sustainable practices. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The low adoption of technologies is determined by the decision-making of producers on factors such as pest and disease control, climatic, economic and access to machinery and equipment that are influenced by the social synergies that can be built with technicians and with other producers. <strong></strong></p>
FACTORES QUE INFLUYEN EN LA TOMA DE DECISIONES PARA EL DESARROLLO DE LA GANADERÍA DE DOBLE PROPÓSITO EN TRÓPICO SECO
Authors: Perez-Torres Oliver , Heredia-Nava Darwin , Esparza-Jimenez Sherezada , Martinez-Garcia Carlos Galdino , Albarran-Portillo Bemito , Garcia-Martinez Anastacio 
Published: August 2022

<p class="Default"><strong>Background</strong>. The farmer and his family member are the main actors in the decision-making process for production unit operation (PU), due to the extensive knowledge they have about the production strategies and dynamics. <strong>Objective</strong>. Analyze the main factors that intervene in the making and construction of decisions for PU operation in dry tropic conditions. <strong>Methodology</strong>. The information was obtained through a structured survey to farmers of 61 PU of dual-purpose livestock (DP). The PUs were stratified based on the number of Total Livestock Units (TLU): Stratum 1 = UP of ≥ 5 and ≤ 43 TLU (E1), Stratum 2 = PU of ≥ 44 and ≤ 87 TLU (E2) and Stratum 3 = UP with more than 88 TLU (E3). The work consists of three sections: i. an analysis of the activity current situation (structural and socioeconomic), using descriptive statistics and budgets by activity; ii. an analysis of the PU structural changes from 2008-2013-2018 and, iii. an analysis using the Likert Scale of the farmers opinions and objectives on the activity. <strong>Results</strong>. PUs are characterized by the small families presence, with 58-year-old farmers (65% have primary and secondary education). The main income (81.44%) comes from livestock sale and although higher income is observed in large PUs, the unit margin per ha<sup>-1</sup> and cow<sup>-1</sup> is higher in small PUs. The participation of the family is fundamental in the decision-making process and the main objective of the farmer is the well-being of the family group, care of the environment in which they develop and maintaining the PU structure. Smaller PUs are dynamic and enthusiastic about structural changes. <strong>Implications</strong>. The work set the guidelines of the PU and identified the factors that intervene in the decision-making process, the viability, dynamics and permanence of livestock in the dry tropics. <strong>Conclusion</strong>. The family is essential to help for the farmer in the decision-making process. mainly in the health and nutrition of the herd, as well as in the sale and commercialization of products and, the maintenance of the structure of the PU and care of the environment in which they develop is the main objective. Keywords: cattle; dual purpose; dry tropics; family; decision making.</p>
analysis of lexical categories in the Castle on the hill song lyric from Ed Sheeran
Authors: Hadi Dita Mawar , Toruan Exlesia Pestaria L 
Published: August 2022

Background: It’s very important to learn about morphology because morphology is the study of word and sub-discipline of linguistics that study word, structure and form which has components such as lexical categories. This process can reduce ambiguity during the process of correcting the words in sentences.
Purpose: This study investigated the lexical categories in the song lyrics of Ed Sheeran’s album “Divide” entitle castle on the hills.
Design and methods: This study used a qualitative method. Process of collecting data used to identify lyric that has lexical categories. The researcher used some of the lyrics of Ed Sheeran’s album as the data source. The technique of collecting data was content analysis.
Results: The results of the research showed that cases of lexical categories. Based on the data analysis in the song lyrics of Ed Sheeran’s. There are 13 words noun, there are 5 words adjective, there are 7 words verb, there are 3 words adverb, and there are 4 words preposition
O método estrutural-diferencial ampliado: uma aplicação para a região sul frente à economia do Rio Grande do Sul, entre 1986 e 1995
Authors: Santos Sandro Rogério dos 
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar o método estrutural-diferencial ampliado e as várias reformulações apresentadas, visando ao estudo econômico da Região Sul frente à economia do Rio Grande do Sul. Com o auxílio dos efeitos proporcional, competitivo e alocação, será possível estudar o comportamento de uma economia frente a outra, buscando aferir o crescimento diferenciado entre os setores presentes nessas regiões. As contribuições de Stilwell (1969), Esteban-Marquillas (1972) e Herzog e Olsen (1977) serviram para aperfeiçoar o método, por proporcionarem novas variáveis de análise.
Assimetrias regionais no Mercosul: uma análise dos coeficientes de renda e a perspectiva de uma maior integração econômica
Authors: Ilha Adayr da Silva , Alves Fabiano Dutra , Coronel Daniel Arruda 
Published: August 2022

Nas últimas décadas foram presenciadas importantes mudanças na esfera mundial do ponto de vista econômico, social e político que afetaram sobremaneira todos os países latinoamericanos. Neste contexto, destaca-se o processo de globalização marcado pelas idéias do laissez faire. Concomitantemente a este processo, intensifica-se a formação de blocos regionais como forma dos países se protegerem nesta nova ordem mundial. Nesta perspectiva, pretende-se responder, qual é a necessidade de uma política regional comum no Mercosul. Como objetivo geral, aponta-se algumas perspectivas para o fenômeno das disparidades regionais, elencando alternativas para a implementação de uma política regional comunitária no bloco. Quanto à abordagem metodológica, utiliza-se o método dedutivo, com base no arcabouço bibliográfico de leituras clássicas, sobre a integração econômica como BALASSA (1982) e ROBSON (1985) até obras que contemplam um enfoque empírico das questões regionais como WILLIAMSON (1965) e HOFFMAN (1998). A verificação empírica fundamenta-se na utilização do coeficiente de variação de renda, que proporciona mensurar as desigualdades entre regiões levando em conta variáveis ligadas a renda per capita e ao crescimento demográfico. Por fim, o trabalho promove um debate, sobre a necessidade de coordenação de políticas macroeconômicas, destacando, o ponto de vista da política regional comunitária.
Comparative legal analysis of the institution of administrative punishment in the current Code of Administrative Offences and in the Draft of the new Code of Administrative Offences
Authors: Chernyshenko Ilya Gennad'evich , Kiselev Aleksandr Sergeevich 
Published: August 2022

In connection with the completion of the development of the new Code of Administrative Offenses, it becomes obvious a change in the approach, including to the application of administrative punishment. The objects of research in this article are: the system of administrative penalties (their types and sizes) and the procedure for the application of administrative punishment in accordance with the draft new Code of Administrative Offenses. The author pays special attention to the change in the approach to the application of administrative penalties in terms of the transformation of the characteristics of administrative measures of responsibility and the legal technique of the presentation of administrative and legal norms governing the institution of administrative punishment. Also, the special subjects of the research of the topic were the categorization of administrative offenses into coarse and coarse and the formulation of a definition to the concept of a homogeneous administrative offense. The main conclusions of the study are: highlighting the relevance of the adoption of the draft new Administrative Code in terms of regulating the institution of administrative punishment, substantiating the legal fate of the adoption of such a project, otherwise determining the consequences of its non-acceptance, for example, destabilizing the legal regulation of the institution of administrative punishment and maintaining the priority of the punitive function of administrative punishment over the preventive. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the author has formed a full-fledged commentary on the presentation of the institute of administrative punishment in the draft of the new Administrative Code: the essence of the changes, the target orientation of their introduction. This article summarizes the current problems associated with the imposition of administrative punishment, indicates the different opinions of legal scholars on this issue and provides the author's vision for making each change to the system of administrative penalties.