bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validity of the Algorithm for Liver Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Caudate Lobe
Authors: Yoshida Nao , Midorikawa Yutaka , Higaki Tokio , Nakayama Hisashi , Moriguchi Masamichi , Aramaki Osamu , Tsuji Shingo , Okamura Yukiyasu , Takayama Tadatoshi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to validate our algorithm for resecting Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the caudate lobe based on tumor location, tumor size, and indocyanine green clearance rate.MethodsPatients who underwent curative resections for solitary HCC in the caudate lobe were included. The surgical outcomes of patients with HCC in the caudate lobe were compared with those of patients with HCC in other sites of the liver.ResultsAfter one‐to‐one matching, the caudate‐lobe group (n = 150) had longer operation time, greater amount of bleeding, lower weight of resected specimens, and shorter distance between tumor and resection line than the other‐sites group (n = 150), but the complication rates were not different between the groups (38.0% vs. 34.1%, P = 0.719). After a median follow‐up period of 3.0 years (range, 0.3−16.2 years), the median overall survivals were 6.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.3–7.9) and 7.5 years (95% CI, 6.3–9.7) in the caudate‐lobe and other‐site groups, respectively (P = 0.430). Median recurrence‐free survivals in the caudate‐lobe group (1.9 years; 95% CI, 1.4–2.7) had a tendency to be shorter than those in the other‐sites group (2.3 years; 1.7–3.4) (P = 0.052).ConclusionsPatients’ survival and complication rates in the caudate‐lobe group were comparable to those in the other‐sites group; therefore, our algorithm for resecting HCC in the caudate lobe is of clinical use.
Dementia and migration: culturally sensitive healthcare services and projects in Germany
Authors: Monsees Jessica , Öztürk Sümeyra , Thyrian Jochen René 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
There are approximately 96,500 people with a migration background (PwM) with dementia in Germany. They and their families face not only dementia-related challenges but also the challenge of having little knowledge about the healthcare system and its services and thus more difficulty in accessing support. Germany’s national dementia strategy recognises these individuals as a risk group and thus aims to expand the provision of culturally sensitive information and healthcare services.

Objective
To determine the amount of culturally sensitive information and healthcare services as well as projects on dementia and migration.

Method
With a scoping review the PsycInfo, PsycArticles and Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection databases, Google Search, the network map (Netzwerkkarte on the website www.demenz-und-migration.de) and the websites of various research funding bodies were used to find culturally sensitive information and healthcare services as well as current projects on dementia and migration.

Results
Listed are 45 care services as well as 3 additional projects that deal with dementia and migration at the local level. The geographical distribution of the offers shows that most of the services can be found in federal states where most PwM with dementia live.

Discussion
It is necessary to provide information and healthcare services in all regions and to adapt them to PwM. Different aspects and culturally sensitive measures are important when informing PwM with dementia, as such information can enable these individuals to access the healthcare system and help to provide them with care. It is important to bring together relevant stakeholders to provide access and services that improve the situation of PwM with dementia and their families.
Toll- like receptor 2 polymorphism and IL-6 profile in relation to disease progression in chronic HBV infection: a case control study in Egyptian patients
Authors: Elbrolosy Asmaa M. , Elabd Naglaa S. , ElGedawy Gamalat A. , Abozeid Mai , Abdelkreem Mervat , Montaser Belal , Eed Emad M. , Elhamouly Moamena S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChronic hepatitis B (CHB) has a wide range of outcomes depending on host immune responses mainly Toll-like receptors (TLRs) signaling and released cytokines. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) may influence the course of CHB. We aimed to elucidate the relation between TLR-2 polymorphism, IL-6 profile, and CHB progression. We analyzed TLR-2 polymorphism (SNP; rs3804099) in 185 CHB patients and 60 controls using TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. Serum IL-6 levels were assessed by ELISA. IL-6 levels were considerably higher in active CHB and cirrhotic patients compared with inactive carriers and controls (P < 0.001). IL-6 showed positive correlation with ALT and advanced fibrosis in active CHB patients (r = 0.31,P = 0.02). A significant positive correlation was noticed between IL-6 and HBV DNA PCR in all CHB groups. TT genotype of rs3804099/TLR-2 was significantly more prevalent in inactive carriers compared to active hepatitis patients (P = 0.04, OR = 0.39 and 95% CI: 0.16–0.95). Both heterozygous CT and mutant TT genotypes were significantly more frequent among inactive carriers compared to cirrhotic patients (P = 0.01, OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.13–0.81 andP = 0.009, OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.13–0.77). TT genotype was significantly related to lower IL-6 levels in active hepatitis and cirrhotic groups (P = 0.005 andP = 0.001, respectively) showing that TLR mutations would be associated with milder hepatitis activity and lower possibility for disease progression. There may be a positive association between TLR2 rs3804099 polymorphism and hepatitis B activity. IL-6 is a good indicator of CHB disease progression.
Differences in awareness of positive and negative age-related changes accounting for variability in health outcomes
Authors: Sabatini Serena , Ukoumunne Obioha C. , Brothers Allyson , Diehl Manfred , Wahl Hans-Werner , Ballard Clive , Collins Rachel , Corbett Anne , Brooker Helen , Clare Linda 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHigher awareness of positive age-related changes (AARC gains) is related to better mental health, whereas higher awareness of negative age-related changes (AARC losses) is related to poorer mental and physical health. So far perceived gains and losses have been explored separately, but people report gains and losses concurrently in varying degrees, and different profiles of gains and losses may be differentially associated with health. We identified profiles of gains and losses and explored whether different profiles differed in physical, mental, and cognitive health. We used cross-sectional data from the PROTECT study (N = 6192; mean (SD) age = 66.1 (7.0)). Using latent profile analysis, a four-class solution showed the best model fit. We found that 45% of people perceived many gains and few losses (Class 1); 24% perceived moderate gains and few losses (Class 2); 24% perceived many gains and moderate losses (Class 3); 7% perceived many gains and many losses (Class 4). Analysis of variance and Chi-squared tests showed that Class 1 had relatively better physical, mental, and cognitive health, followed by Classes 2, 3, and 4. Experiencing one’s ageing to a high degree as gain may be related to better health only when individuals interpret ageing as involving low levels of loss across several life domains. Risk in terms of poorer health emerged in those who perceived high losses. Considering gains and losses in parallel, rather than separately, may lead to a more fine-tuned understanding of relations with health.
Eye Gaze in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review of Neural Evidence for the Eye Avoidance Hypothesis
Authors: Stuart Nicole , Whitehouse Andrew , Palermo Romina , Bothe Ellen , Badcock Nicholas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractReduced eye contact early in life may play a role in the developmental pathways that culminate in a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. However, there are contradictory theories regarding the neural mechanisms involved. According to the amygdala theory of autism, reduced eye contact results from a hypoactive amygdala that fails to flag eyes as salient. However, the eye avoidance hypothesis proposes the opposite—that amygdala hyperactivity causes eye avoidance. This review evaluated studies that measured the relationship between eye gaze and activity in the ‘social brain’ when viewing facial stimuli. Of the reviewed studies, eight of eleven supported the eye avoidance hypothesis. These results suggest eye avoidance may be used to reduce amygdala-related hyperarousal among people on the autism spectrum.
Cardiac fibroblasts secrete exosome microRNA to suppress cardiomyocyte pyroptosis in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Liu Niannian , Xie Liang , Xiao Pingxi , Chen Xing , Kong Wenjie , Lou Qiaozhen , Chen Feng , Lu Xiang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMolecular mechanisms underlying myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury and effective strategies to treat MI/R injury are both in shortage. Although pyroptosis of cardiomyocytes and the protective role of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) have been well recognized as targets to reduce MI/R injury and sudden cardiac death (SCD), the connection has not yet been established. Here, we showed that CFs protected cardiomyocytes against MI/R-induced injury through suppression of pyroptosis. A novel molecular mechanism underpinning this effect was further identified. Under hypoxia/reoxygenation condition, CFs were found to secrete exosomes, which contain increased level of microRNA-133a (miR-133a). These exosomes then delivered miR-133a into cardiomyocytes to target ELAVL1 and repressed cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. Based on this finding, we successfully developed a new strategy that used exosomes derived from CFs with overexpressed miR-133a to enhance the therapeutic outcomes for the MI/R injury. Overall, our results provide a novel molecular basis for understanding and treating MI/R injury, and our study also provides novel insight for the postmortem diagnosis of MI/R injury induced SCD by using exosome biomarker in forensic.
The role of Rho/ROCK in epileptic seizure-related neuronal damage
Authors: Wang Zhihan , Ren Dabin , Zheng Ping 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEpilepsy is one of the most severe neurological disorders characterized by spontaneous recurrent seizures. Although more than two-thirds of patients can be cured with anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs), the rest one-third of epilepsy patients are resistant to AEDs. A series of studies have demonstrated Rho/Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) pathway might be involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy in the recent twenty years. Several related pathway inhibitors of Rho/ROCK have been used in the treatment of epilepsy. We searched PubMed from Jan 1, 2000 to Dec 31, 2020, using the terms "epilepsy AND Rho AND ROCK" and "seizure AND Rho AND ROCK". We selected articles that characterized Rho/ROCK in animal models of epilepsy and patients. We then chose the most relevant research studies including in-vitro, in-vivo and clinical trials. The expression of Rho/ROCK could be a potential non-invasive biomarker to apply in treatment for patients with epilepsy. RhoA and ROCK show significant upregulation in the acute and chronic stage of epilepsy. ROCK inhibitors can reduce the epilepsy, epileptic seizure-related neuronal death and comorbidities. These findings demonstrate the novel development for diagnosis and treatment for patients with epilepsy. Rho/ROCK signaling pathway inhibitors may show more promising effects in epilepsy and related neurological diseases.
The only ethical argument for positive δ? Partiality and pure time preference
Authors: Mogensen Andreas L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractI consider the plausibility ofdiscounting for kinship, the view that a positive rate of pure intergenerational time preference is justifiable in terms of agent-relative moral reasons relating to partiality between generations. I respond to Parfit's objections to discounting for kinship, but then highlight a number of apparent limitations of this approach. I show that these limitations largely fall away when we reflect on social discounting in the context of decisions that concern the global community as a whole, such as those related to global climate change.
Intra-destination travel behavior of alpine tourists: a literature review on choice determinants and the survey work
Authors: Bursa Bartosz , Mailer Markus , Axhausen Kay W. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the face of a continuous increase in the number of tourists in the Alps, the associated traffic volumes, and the resulting negative externalities, there is an urgent need to design policies capable of managing tourist traffic efficiently and to invest in transport systems and infrastructure wisely, given the limited financial, spatial and environmental resources. Unfortunately, while there is a considerable research interest in long-distance travel and arrival/departure patterns of tourists, research on tourist mobility during the stay at the destination is almost non-existent. This prevents policy-makers from making informed decisions backed by scientific evidence. The paper presents a data collection study that contributes to filing this gap. This ‘data paper’ reports on the motivation, design and administration of a bespoke travel-activity survey of tourists at vacation destinations. It informs other researchers about the encountered difficulties and helps them optimize data collection effort in their future studies. Besides the contribution to survey methodology, the paper reports on a rare and policy-relevant dataset, provides descriptive results, and thereby contributes to evidence-based design of transport policies in tourist regions. With this paper, we also want to inspire and invite researchers to conduct further quantitative and modeling work in this under-studied field.
Untangling Trustworthiness and Uncertainty in Science
Authors: Covitt Beth A. , Anderson Charles W. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article focuses on uncertainty—ways in which scientists recognize and analyze limits in their studies and conclusions. We distinguish uncertainty from (un)trustworthiness—ways in which scientific reports can be affected by conscious deception or unconscious bias. Scientific journal articles typically include analyses and quantifications of uncertainty in both quantitative forms (e.g., error bars, ranges of predictions, statistical tests) and qualitative forms (e.g., alternate hypotheses, limitations of studies, questions for future research). These analyses of uncertainty are often incorporated into reports from scientific organizations and responsible scientific journalism. We argue that a critical goal of science education should be to help students understand how science may be employed as an uncertain and limited, yet still useful tool for informing decisions about socioscientific problems. When members of the public are insufficiently prepared to understand analyses and quantifications of uncertainty, the consequences are manifest in public skepticism about science and inadequately informed decision-making about socioscientific issues. We describe current design work in science education that includes a worthwhile emphasis on helping students to recognize and leverage uncertainty in their own data and models. Additional important work can enable students to develop proficiency in seeking out and understanding analyses of continuing uncertainty in media accounts of scientific conclusions and predictions.
Lipidomic signatures from physically frail and robust older adults at hospital admission
Authors: Ramírez-Vélez Robinson , Martínez-Velilla Nicolás , Correa-Rodríguez María , Sáez de Asteasu Mikel L. , Zambom-Ferraresi Fabricio , Palomino-Echeverria Sara , García-Hermoso Antonio , Izquierdo Mikel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIdentifying serum biomarkers that can predict physical frailty in older adults would have tremendous clinical value for primary care, as this condition is inherently related to poor quality of life and premature mortality. We compared the serum lipid profile of physically frail and robust older adults to identify specific lipid biomarkers that could be used to assess physical frailty in older patients at hospital admission. Forty-three older adults (58.1% male), mean (range) age 86.4 (78–100 years) years, were classified as physically frail (n = 18) or robust (n = 25) based on scores from the Short Physical Performance Battery (≤ 6 points). Non-targeted metabolomic study by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) analysis with later bioinformatics data analysis. Once the significantly different metabolites were identified, the KEGG database was used on them to establish which were the metabolic pathways mainly involved. Area under receiver-operating curve (AUROC) analysis was used to test the discriminatory ability of lipid biomarkers for frailty based on the Short Physical Performance Battery. We identified a panel of five metabolites including ceramides Cer (40:2), Cer (d18:1/20:0), Cer (d18:1/23:0), cholesterol, and phosphatidylcholine (PC) (14:0/20:4) that were significantly increased in physically frail older adults compared with robust older adults at hospital admission. The most interesting in the physically frail metabolome study found with the KEGG database were the metabolic pathways, vitamin digestion and absorption, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and insulin resistance. In addition, Cer (40:2) (AUROC 0.747), Cer (d18:1/23:0) (AUROC 0.720), and cholesterol (AUROC 0.784) were identified as higher values of physically frail at hospital admission. The non-targeted metabolomic study can open a wide view of the physically frail features changes at the plasma level, which would be linked to the physical frailty phenotype at hospital admission. Also, we propose that metabolome analysis will have a suitable niche in personalized medicine for physically frail older adults.
Design of clinched joints on the basis of binding mechanisms
Authors: Kalich Jan , Füssel Uwe 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe work carried out is based on the thesis properties of clinched joints are determined by the proportions of binding mechanisms form-closure, force-closure and material-closure. To describe the acting binding mechanisms and thus to derive the joint properties, detailed knowledge of the local effect of the individual binding mechanisms is necessary to ensure their targeted adjustment by the joining process. The targeted setting of different proportions of the binding mechanisms is achieved firstly via tool geometry and secondly via surface condition of the joined parts. An introduced form-closure component can be quantified by metallographic cross section with subsequent measurement of the quality-determining parameters such as undercut, penetration depth and neck thickness. To qualify the force-closure component, a torsional load can be applied mechanically at rotationally symmetrical clinch joints. This also allows the influence of different surface conditions on the tribological system to be quantified. Measurement of electrical resistance can reveal the binding mechanisms of force- and material-closure. These investigations are carried out on an aluminum joining part combination of the same type. As a result of these investigations, the clinched joints can be designed according to the load occurring in the later life cycle in the form of an optimum and compromise variant with regard to minimum loads to be transmitted mechanically, electrically with regard to low resistance or manufacturing with minimum energy input.
Needs and preferences of breast cancer survivors regarding outcome-based shared decision-making about personalised post-treatment surveillance
Authors: Ankersmid Jet W. , Drossaert Constance H. C. , van Riet Yvonne E. A. , Strobbe Luc J. A. , Siesling Sabine ,   on behalf of the Santeon VBHC Breast Cancer Group
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Purpose
In this study, we explored how patients experience current information provision and decision-making about post-treatment surveillance after breast cancer. Furthermore, we assessed patients’ perspectives regarding less intensive surveillance in case of a low risk of recurrence.

Methods
We conducted semi-structured interviews with 22 women in the post-treatment surveillance trajectory in seven Dutch teaching hospitals.

Results
Although the majority of participants indicated a desire for shared decision-making (SDM) about post-treatment surveillance, participants experienced no SDM. Information provision was often suboptimal and unstructured. Participants were open for using risk information in decision-making, but hesitant towards less intensive surveillance. Perceived advantages of less intensive surveillance were: less distressing moments, leaving the patient role behind, and lower burden. Disadvantages were: fewer moments for reassurance, fear of missing recurrences, and a higher threshold for aftercare for side effects.

Conclusions
SDM about post-treatment surveillance is desirable. Although women are hesitant about less intensive surveillance, they are open to the use of personalised risk assessment for recurrences in decision-making about surveillance.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
To facilitate SDM about post-treatment surveillance, the timing and content of information provision should be improved. Risk information should be provided in an accessible and understandable way. Moreover, fear of cancer recurrence and other personal considerations should be addressed in the process of SDM.
Learning research in a laboratory classroom: a reflection on complementarity and commensurability among multiple analytical accounts
Authors: Chan Man Ching Esther , Moate Josephine ,   with the Social Unit of Learning project team, Clarke David , Cunnington Ross , Díez-Palomar Javier , Friesen Marita , Haataja Eeva , Hošpesová Alena , Kuntze Sebastian , Nieminen Juuso , Novotná Jarmila , Ochoa Xavier , Sherwell Chase , Tran Dung , Tuohilamp. Laura 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWith the myriad theories generated through research over the years, a continuing challenge for researchers is to navigate the multitude of theories in order to communicate their research, integrate empirical results, and make progress as a field by building upon empirical research. The Social Unit of Learning project was purposefully designed so that researchers from multiple disciplines with different theoretical perspectives could work together to examine the complexity of the mathematics classroom. In this paper, we reflect on the multiple analytical accounts generated from the project, drawing from the notions of complementarity and commensurability. Two parallel analyses, applying the commognitive framework and the theory of representations respectively, are used as illustrative examples for discussion regarding complementarity and commensurability. The paper addresses two focal questions, as follows: in what ways do divergence or contradiction in incommensurable analytical accounts reflect methodological discrepancies or fundamental differences in the underpinning theories? Furthermore, in what ways do the accounts generated by the parallel analyses predicated on different theories lead to differences in instructional advocacy? The answers to these questions provide empirically-grounded insights into the consideration of incommensurability in educational research, and suggest ways in which researchers and practitioners might apply the notion of complementarity to reconcile or exploit incommensurable analytical accounts that have resulted in different instructional advocacies.