bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of long-term symptom burden and quality of life in patients hospitalised with chest pain: a prospective observational study
Authors: Saeed Nasir , Norekvål Tone Merete , Steiro Ole-Thomas , Tjora Hilde Lunde , Langørgen Jørund , Bjørneklett Rune Oskar , Skadberg Øyvind , Bonarjee Vernon Vijay Singha , Mjelva Øistein Rønneberg , Omland Torbjørn , Vikenes Kjell , Aakre Kristin Moberg 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo describe the magnitude and predictors of symptom burden (SB) and quality of life (QoL) 3 months after hospital admission for acute chest pain.DesignProspective observational study.SettingSingle centre, outpatient follow-up.Participants1506 patients.OutcomesScores reported for general health (RAND-12), angina-related health (Seattle Angina Questionnaire 7 (SAQ-7)) and dyspnoea (Rose Dyspnea Scale) 3 months after hospital admission for chest pain.MethodsA total of 1506 patients received questionnaires assessing general health (RAND-12), angina-related health (SAQ-7) and dyspnoea (Rose Dyspnea Scale) 3 months after discharge. Univariable and multivariable regression models identified predictors of SB and QoL scores. A mediator analysis identified factors mediating the effect of an unstable angina pectoris (UAP) diagnosis.Results774 (52%) responded. Discharge diagnoses were non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) (14.2%), UAP (17.1%), non-coronary cardiac disease (6.6%), non-cardiac disease (6.3%) and non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP) (55.6%). NSTEMI had the most favourable, and UAP patients the least favourable SAQ-7 scores (median SAQ7-summary; 88 vs 75, p<0.001). NCCP patients reported persisting chest pain in 50% and dyspnoea in 33% of cases. After adjusting for confounders, revascularisation predicted better QoL scores, while UAP, current smoking and hypertension predicted worse outcome. NSTEMI and UAP patients who were revascularised reported higher scores (p<0.05) in SAQ-7-QL, SAQ7-PL, SAQ7-summary (NSTEMI) and all SAQ-7 domains (UAP). Revascularisation altered the unstandardised beta value (>±10%) of an UAP diagnosis for all SAQ-7 and RAND-12 outcomes.ConclusionsPatients with NSTEMI reported the most favourable outcome 3 months after hospitalisation for chest pain. Patients with other diseases, in particular UAP patients, reported lower scores. Revascularised NSTEMI and UAP patients reported higher QoL scores compared with patients receiving conservative treatment. Revascularisation mediated all outcomes in UAP patients.Trial registration numberNCT02620202.
Clinical management of community-acquired meningitis in adults in the UK and Ireland in 2017: a retrospective cohort study on behalf of the National Infection Trainees Collaborative for Audit and Research (NITCAR)
Authors: Ellis Jayne , Harvey David , Defres Sylviane , Chandna Arjun , MacLachlan Eloisa , Solomon Tom , Heyderman Robert S , McGill Fiona 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesTo assess practice in the care of adults with suspected community-acquired bacterial meningitis in the UK and Ireland.DesignRetrospective cohort study.Setting64 UK and Irish hospitals.Participants1471 adults with community-acquired meningitis of any aetiology in 2017.ResultsNone of the audit standards, from the 2016 UK Joint Specialists Societies guideline on diagnosis and management of meningitis, were met in all cases. With respect to 20 of 30 assessed standards, clinical management provided for patients was in line with recommendations in less than 50% of cases. 45% of patients had blood cultures taken within an hour of admission, 0.5% had a lumbar puncture within 1 hour, 26% within 8 hours. 28% had bacterial molecular diagnostic tests on cerebrospinal fluid. Median time to first dose of antibiotics was 3.2 hours (IQR 1.3–9.2). 80% received empirical parenteral cephalosporins. 55% ≥60 years and 31% of immunocompromised patients received anti-Listeria antibiotics. 21% received steroids. Of the 1471 patients, 20% had confirmed bacterial meningitis. Among those with bacterial meningitis, pneumococcal aetiology, admission to intensive care and initial Glasgow Coma Scale Score less than 14 were associated with in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.08, 95% CI 0.96 to 4.48; aOR 4.28, 95% CI 1.81 to 10.1; aOR 2.90, 95% CI 1.26 to 6.71, respectively). Dexamethasone therapy was weakly associated with a reduction in mortality in both those with proven bacterial meningitis (aOR 0.57, 95% CI 0.28 to 1.17) and with pneumococcal meningitis (aOR 0.47, 95% CI 0.20 to 1.10).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that clinical care for patients with meningitis in the UK is not in line with current evidence-based national guidelines. Diagnostics and therapeutics should be targeted for quality improvement strategies. Work should be done to improve the impact of guidelines, understand why they are not followed and, once published, ensure they translate into changed practice.
FujiLAM for the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis: a systematic review
Authors: Olbrich Laura , Khambati Nisreen , Bijker Else Margreet , Ruhwald Morten , Heinrich Nobert , Song Rinn 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundChildhood tuberculosis (TB) remains underdiagnosed. The novel lateral flow FujiLAM assay detects lipoarabinomannan (LAM) in urine, but data on performance in children remain limited.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review assessing the diagnostic performance of FujiLAM for diagnosing paediatric TB. The last search was conducted in November 2021.ResultsWe included three studies with data from 698 children for FujiLAM. For FujiLAM, sensitivity using a microbiological reference standard were 60% (95% CI 15 to 95), 42% (95% CI 31 to 53) and 63% (95% CI 50 to 75), respectively. Specificity was 93% (95% CI 85 to 98), 92% (95% CI 85 to 96) and 84% (95% CI 80 to 88). Using a composite reference standard, sensitivity was 11% (95% CI 4 to 22), 27% (95% CI 20 to 34) and 33% (95% CI 26 to 40), and specificity was 92% (95% CI 73 to 99), 97% (95% CI 87 to 100) and 85% (95% CI 79 to 89). Subgroup analyses for sensitivity of FujiLAM in children living with HIV (CLHIV) compared with those who were negative for HIV infection were inconsistent across studies. Among CLHIV, sensitivity appeared higher in those with greater immunosuppression, although wide CIs limit the interpretation of observed differences. Meta-analysis was not performed due to considerable study heterogeneity.ConclusionThe high specificity of FujiLAM demonstrates its potential as a point-of-care (POC) rule-in test for diagnosing paediatric TB. As an instrument-free POC test that uses an easy-to-obtain specimen, FujiLAM could significantly improve TB diagnosis in children in low-resource settings, however the small number of studies available highlight that further data are needed. Key priorities to be addressed in forthcoming paediatric evaluations include prospective head-to-head comparisons with AlereLAM using fresh specimens, specific subgroup analysis in CLHIV and extrapulmonary disease and studies in different geographical locations.CRD42021270761.
SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations fail to elicit humoral and cellular immune responses in patients with multiple sclerosis receiving fingolimod
Authors: Meyer-Arndt Lil , Braun Julian , Fauchere Florent , Vanshylla Kanika , Loyal Lucie , Henze Larissa , Kruse Beate , Dingeldey Manuela , Jürchott Karsten , Mangold Maike , Maraj Ardit , Braginets Andre , Böttcher Chotima , Nitsche Andreas , de la Rosa Kathrin , Ratswohl Christoph , Sawitzki Birgit , Holenya Pavlo , Reimer Ulf , Sander Leif E , Klein Florian , Paul Friedemann , Bellmann-Strobl Judith , Thiel Andreas , Giesecke-Thiel Claudia 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundSARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination of healthy individuals is highly immunogenic and protective against severe COVID-19. However, there are limited data on how disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) alter SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine immunogenicity in patients with autoimmune diseases.MethodsAs part of a prospective cohort study, we investigated the induction, stability and boosting of vaccine-specific antibodies, B cells and T cells in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) on different DMTs after homologous primary, secondary and booster SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations. Of 126 patients with MS analysed, 105 received either anti-CD20-based B cell depletion (aCD20-BCD), fingolimod, interferon-β, dimethyl fumarate, glatiramer acetate, teriflunomide or natalizumab, and 21 were untreated MS patients for comparison.ResultsIn contrast to all other MS patients, and even after booster, most aCD20-BCD- and fingolimod-treated patients showed no to markedly reduced anti-S1 IgG, serum neutralising activity and a lack of receptor binding domain-specific and S2-specific B cells. Patients receiving fingolimod additionally lacked spike-reactive CD4+T cell responses. The duration of fingolimod treatment, rather than peripheral blood B and T cell counts prior to vaccination, determined whether a humoral immune response was elicited.ConclusionsThe lack of immunogenicity under long-term fingolimod treatment demonstrates that functional immune responses require not only immune cells themselves, but also access of these cells to the site of inoculation and their unimpeded movement. The absence of humoral and T cell responses suggests that fingolimod-treated patients with MS are at risk for severe SARS-CoV-2 infections despite booster vaccinations, which is highly relevant for clinical decision-making and adapted protective measures, particularly considering additional recently approved sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor antagonists for MS treatment.
On the RTL Implementation of FINN Matrix Vector Unit
Authors: Alam Syed Asad , Gregg David , Gambardella Giulio , Preusser Thomas , Blott Michaela 
Published: July 2022

Field-programmable gate array (FPGA)–based accelerators are becoming increasingly popular for deep neural network (DNN) inference due to their ability to scale performance with increasing degrees of specialization with dataflow architectures or custom data type precision. In order to reduce the barrier for software engineers and data scientists to adopt FPGAs, C++- and OpenCL-based design entries with high-level synthesis (HLS) have been introduced. They provide higher abstraction compared with register-transfer level (RTL)–based design. HLS offers faster development time, better maintainability, and more flexibility in code exploration when evaluating several options for multi-dimension tensors, convolutional layers, or different degrees of parallelism. For this reason, HLS has been adopted by DNN accelerator generation frameworks such as FINN and hls4ml.
In this article, we present an alternative backend library for FINN, leveraging RTL. We investigate and evaluate, across a spectrum of design dimensions, the pros and cons of an RTL-based implementation versus the original HLS variant. We show that for smaller design parameters, RTL produces significantly smaller circuits as compared with HLS. For larger circuits, however, the look-up table (LUT) count of RTL-based design is slightly higher, up to around 15%. On the other hand, HLS consistently requires more flip-flops (FFs; with an orders-of-magnitude difference for smaller designs) and block RAMs (BRAMs; 2× more). This also impacts the critical path delay, with RTL producing significantly faster circuits, up to around 80%. RTL also benefits from at least a 10× reduction in synthesis time. Finally, the results were validated in practice using two real-world use cases, one of a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) used in network intrusion detection and the other a convolution network called ResNet, used in image recognition. Overall, since HLS frameworks code-generate the hardware design, the benefits of the ease in the design entry is less important. As such, the gained benefits in synthesis time together with some design-dependent resource benefits make the RTL abstraction an attractive alternative.
(Invited) High-Yield and Long-Lived Individual Triplet Exciton Generation Using Covalently-Linked Tetracene Dimers through Intramolecular Singlet Fission
Authors: Hasobe Taku , Tkachenko Nikolai , Kobori Yasuhiro 
Published: July 2022

Singlet fission (SF) is a multi-exciton generation process in two neighboring organic chromophores (S1 + S0) where two individual triplet excitons (T1 + T1) are generated from one-photon absorption through a correlated triplet pair (TT) (see: the following equation). Therefore, SF is highly promising for construction of next-generation light energy conversion systems.
S1 + S0 → TT → T1 + T1

In addition to the close interaction of two neighboring chromophores, energy-level matching condition between a singlet and two triplet states: [E(S1) ≥ 2E(T1)] are required for efficient SF. Acene derivatives such as pentacene satisfy the above condition. However, the number of high-yield and long-lived triplet excited states through SF using tetracene derivatives is extremely limited because of the acceleration of the reverse reaction: triplet-triplet annihilation.1-2 Namely, the precise structural control of orientation and distance between two nearby tetracene units is required for long-lived individual triplets through SF. In this presentation, we mainly focus on the high-yield and long-lived individual triplet exciton generation through intramolecular SF (ISF) using a series of phenylene-spacer-bridged tetracene dimers.3

References

Nakamura, S.; Sakai, H.; Nagashima, H.; Kobori, Y.; Tkachenko, N. V.; Hasobe, T. ACS Energy Lett.
2019, 4, 26-31.

Saegusa, T.; Sakai, H.; Nagashima, H.; Kobori, Y.; Tkachenko, N. V.; Hasobe, T. J. Chem. Soc.
2019, 141, 14720-14727.

Nakamura, S.; Sakai, H.; Nagashima, H.; Fuki, M.; Onishi, K.; Khan, R.; Kobori, Y.; Tkachenko, N. V.; Hasobe, T. Phys. Chem. C
2021,
125, 18287-18296.
(Invited, Digital Presentation) Epitaxial Organic Molecular Interfaces As Well-Ordered Model Systems for Molecular Semiconductor p-n Junctions for Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Nakayama Yasuo 
Published: July 2022

Donor-acceptor molecular interfaces are nothing but p-n junctions for organic optoelectronic devices such as organic light emitting diodes and organic solar cells where an exciton forms or dissociates. Understanding about dominating factors determining the intermolecular assembly and charge carrier exchange processes are highly anticipated for the establishment of smart design strategies of practically efficient devices. Molecular heterojunctions built on single crystal organic semiconductors provide well-ordered model systems disentangling complex intermolecular contacts in real devices. Moreover, the p-n junctions of highly ordered molecular assembly lead to the enhancement of the mobility of charge carriers and excitons through the inter-molecular delocalization of the electronic states, which potentially opens a new route for efficient optoelectronic applications of molecular semiconductors. In this contribution, crystallographic and electronic structures of well-ordered molecular semiconductor homo- and hetero-epitaxial junctions are overviewed.
One representative system is a “complementary” p-n junction of perfluoropentacene (C22F14) crystalline ad-layers formed on the single crystal pentacene (C22H14) [1]. Grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) analyses revealed hetero-epitaxial growth of perfluoropentacene in a uniform crystallographic orientation with respect to the surface lattice of the single crystal pentacene. The energy-momentum dispersions of inter-molecular electronic bands were successfully demonstrated by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) for the hetero-epitaxial perfluoropentacene as well as for the single crystal pentacene, which strongly suggests realization of the delocalization of electrons and holes across this well-ordered molecular p-n junction.
To further improve the crystallinity of the epitaxial molecular heterojunctions, the authors’ group proposed a new concept of “quasi-homoepitaxial organic semiconductor junctions”, at which a molecular species with nearly identical in-plane lattice constants to those of the substrate molecular single crystal surface is stacked [2]. Actually, quasi-homoepitaxial crystallites of bis(trifluoromethyl)dimethylrubrene was revealed to form highly-ordered interface of much improved mean crystallite size on the single crystal surface of (unsubstituted) rubrene by means of high-resolution GIXD. The electronic structures exhibiting spontaneous electron transfer at this inter-molecular contact and possible opto-electronic applications of this quasi-homoepitaxial junction are also discussed in this presentation.
This contribution is supported by Grant-in Aids for Transformative Research Areas (A) “Dynamic Exciton: Emerging Science and Innovation” (JSPS-KAKENHI Grant Number JP21H05405).
[1] Y. Nakayama, et al., J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 10 (2019) 1312.
[2] K. Takahashi, et al., J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 12 (2021) 11430.
Corroles As Precursors of Porous Organic Polymers (POPs) and Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) - Application to the Detection of CO and the Decontamination of Chemical Nerve Agents
Authors: Gros Claude , Brandès Stéphane , Yang Jian , Monot Camille , Sabat Dimitri , Pacquelet Sandrine , Desbois Nicolas , André Laurie , Estour François , Baati Rachid 
Published: July 2022

Detection of carbon monoxide (CO) at few ppm levels is a critical point for quality control of domestic and industrial environment. CO is responsible for thousands of intoxications and hundreds of deaths per year in the world. Moreover, CO is a residual gas found in the industrial dihydrogen used for Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cell, and deactivates the fuel cell prematurely. Corroles have been largely used in sensing applications.[1] Cobalt corroles display high binding affinity for carbon monoxide even in the presence of nitrogen and dioxygen.[2] The affinity of the Co(III) metallocorroles for CO is directly correlated with the Lewis acid character of the metal center. The electrochemistry and spectro-electrochemistry properties have been studied. We have shown that structural modifications on the aromatic ring have a direct influence on the reactivity of the metal complex. We have recently obtained very low CO detection level (ppm) using SAW devices functionalized by cobalt corrole deposited as a film on a silica or a gold surface.[3] Our previous work on the synthesis of porous sol-gel materials functionalized by cobalt corroles gave us encouraging results for CO sorption and detection and prompted us to prepare new porous structured materials functionalized by corrole complexes for gas detection applications. Among all the methods of synthesis of porous architectures, organic materials belonging to the POP (Porous Organic Polymer) family are an appealing and original approach in this research field.[4] The synthesis of new POPs functionalized by cobalt corroles (Fig. 1) will be reported. Their selective sorption properties for CO over N2, O2 and CO2 will be also presented.
Preliminary results concerning the design of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPS) as enzyme mimics for the decontamination of a broad spectrum of pesticides and chemical warfare agents will be also reported.
Authors would like to acknowledge the ANR program (MIPEnz-Decontam, 20-CE39-0016-01), the FEDER and the “Région Bourgogne” for financial support (ISITE CO2DECIN)

REFERENCES: [1] Di Natale, C.; Gros, C. P.; Paolesse, R., Chem. Soc. Rev.
2022, 000;[2] J.-M. Barbe, G. Canard, S. Brandès, F. Jerôme, G. Dubois, R. Guilard, Dalton Trans.
2004, 1208-1214; [3] Vanotti, M.; Poisson, S.; Soumann, V.; Quesneau, V.; Brandes, S.; Desbois, N.; Yang, J.; Andre, L.; Gros, C. P.; Blondeau-Patissier, V., Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical
2021, (332), 129507. [4] S. Brandès, V. Quesneau, O. Fonquernie, N. Desbois, V. Blondeau-Patissier, C. P. Gros, Dalton Trans.
2019, 48, 11651-11662 (Front Cover).

Figure 1
Functionalized Tetraaryltetrabenzoporphyrins
Authors: Jux Norbert , Ruppel Michael , Gazetas Pascal , Lungerich Dominik 
Published: July 2022

We will present our research towards tetraaryltetrabenzoporphyrins. This will include synthetic approaches to unsymmetrical derivatives and interactions with fullerenes.
We report on the synthesis, characterization, and properties of some of these novel systems, including structures formed on surfaces.[1-4]

References

[1] M. Ruppel, D. Lungerich, S. Sturm, R. Lippert, F. Hampel, N. Jux, Chem. Eur. J.
2020, 26, 3287-3296.
[2] M. Ruppel, L.-P. Gazetas, D. Lungerich, F. Hampel, N. Jux, J. Org. Chem.
2020, 85, 7781-7792.
[3] M. Ruppel, L.-P. Gazetas, D. Lungerich, N. Jux, Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2020, 40, 6352-6360.
[4] R. Adhikari, J. Kuliga, M. Ruppel, N. Jux, H. Marbach, H.-P. Steinrueck, J. Phys. Chem. C
2021, 125, 7204-7212.

Figure 1
The Effect of Second Phase Particles on the Corrosion Resistance of A286 Alloys
Authors: Ku Wei-Chen , Huang Chao-Yu , Lin Chao-Sung 
Published: July 2022

A286 alloy (AISI 660) is an austenitic precipitation hardness stainless steel that is widely used in the gas turbine industry, due to its high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance [1]. A286 alloy contains higher Ni (24.23 wt.%) and lower Cr (14.5 wt.%) than AISI 316 and AISI 304. The main precipitation strengthening phase of this alloy is gamma phase γ' [Ni3(Al, Ti)], and second phase particles, which form during solution treatment and aging, include eta phase η (Ni3Ti) and metal carbides and nitrides (TiC, TiN).
Unlike the relation between precipitates (γ', η) and pitting corrosion [2], the influence of TiC and TiN on the pitting corrosion is rarely studied. To investigate the influence of the various second phase particles on the corrosion behavior of A286 alloys, three samples were employed, including the hot-rolled (HR), HR + solution treatment at 980 °C for 1 h, and HR + solution treatment + aging at 720 °C for 16 h.
The corrosion resistance of the various A286 alloy samples were examined by potentiodynamic tests in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. The microstructure was investigated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).
The second phase particles of HR A286 were mainly TiC and a few TiN, which were several micrometers in size and distributed intragranularly in the austenite matrix (Fig. 1a, 1d, and 1e). After the solution treatment, many TiC particles with sizes of a couple of micrometers precipitated along the austenite grain boundaries (Fig. 1b). Further aging resulted in the formation of γ' and η particles (Fig.1c). The potentiodynamic curves (Fig.1f) showed that the HR A286 had the lowest pitting potential (Epit) and smallest passivation range, suggesting the formation of TiC particles did not deteriorate the corrosion resistance. Meanwhile, the γ' and η particles resulted in a slight decrease in the Epit and passivation range.
Reference:
[1] H. De Cicco, M.I. Luppo, L.M. Gribaudo, J. Ovejero-García, Microstructural development and creep behavior in A286 superalloy, Materials Characterization 52 (2004) 85-92.
[2] P. De Tiedra, O. Martín, M. San-Juan, Potentiodynamic study of the influence of gamma prime and eta phases on pitting corrosion of A286 superalloy, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 673 (2016) 231-236.

Figure 1