bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Nonrenewable Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy Adoption, and Environmental Technologies in Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Comparative Analysis of the United States and China
Authors: NUR TOUHIDUL ISLAM , SHEN JIARUI , YASEEN MUHAMMAD BILAL , JUN-MING YIN 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The United States and China are leading global contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. An important question arises: does enhancing the efficiency of nonrenewable energy sources or increasing the adoption of renewable energy in these countries result in significant environmental improvements? This study explores these critical issues by examining carbon accounting and emission trading methods related to the effectiveness of nonrenewable energy, the intensity of renewable energy, and technologies aimed at environmental sustainability. The study spans the years 1990 to 2020, integrating Kernel-Based Regularized Least Squares and robustness analyses to enhance the reliability of its findings. The results underscore those improvements in nonrenewable energy efficiency, increased intensity of renewable energy deployment, and advancements in environmental technologies contribute significantly to mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through emission trading mechanisms. Notably, these measures exhibit more pronounced environmental efficacy in China compared to the United States. Particularly noteworthy is the outsized positive impact of enhancing nonrenewable energy efficiency, surpassing the benefits derived from scaling renewable energy or employing environmental technologies alone. Conversely, factors such as natural resource rents and urban population density have been identified as significant impediments to achieving environmental sustainability, as they correlate with increased GHG emissions in both economies of particular concern is the exacerbation of environmental impacts associated with rapid urbanization in China, underscoring a critical area for policy intervention. These findings provide a robust basis for the formulation of targeted policy initiatives aimed at enhancing environmental sustainability in both the USA and China, aligning with global efforts towards achieving net-zero emissions targets. Advanced research in this realm could further explore nuanced interactions between energy policies, economic development, and environmental outcomes to refine strategies for mitigating climate change impacts worldwide.
Research on on-site periodontitis self-examination technology based on closed cartridge
Authors: Wei Dixin , Ye Qi , Chen Hui , Zhang Wenhao , Huang Sui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Periodontitis is a prevalent inflammatory disease, with Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) identified as the primary causative bacterium of periodontal infection. In addition to its role in chronic periodontitis, Pg has also been associated with head and neck tumors, digestive tract tumors, neurological diseases, and atherosclerosis (AS). Therefore, establishing a rapid clinical detection method for Pg is of paramount importance. In this study, we developed a LAMP detection reagent for Pg, and assessed its performance in terms of sensitivity, specificity, repeatability, stability, linear range, and linearity using a commercial magnetic bead-based method. The integrated nucleic acid extraction and detection system has created an on-site instant detection platform for Pg based on a closed cartridge, demonstrating a sensitivity of 10 CFU/mL, no cross-reactivity with eight other bacterial pathogens, and excellent performance in repeatability, stability, linear range, and linearity. For 28 simulated samples, the detection results from the integrated system were consistent with the experimental outcomes of qPCR and LAMP detection following nucleic acid extraction in a conventional laboratory setting. The entire process can be completed in approximately one hour, significantly reducing the time required for clinical diagnosis and indicating substantial practical needs and application prospects.
Best timing of bilateral knee arthroplasty – an analysis of revision and mortality rates from the German Arthroplasty Registry (EPRD)
Authors: Postler Anne Elisabeth , Krull Paula , Wu Yinan , Günther Klaus-Peter , Melsheimer Oliver , Steinbrück Arnd , Lützner Jörg 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background: The burden of osteoarthritis (OA) in multiple joints is high. For patients with bilateral knee OA there is no clear recommendation when to time the second surgery.
The purpose of this study was therefore to compare revision and mortality rate in bilateral unicondylar and bicondylar knee arthroplasties after different strategies of surgical timing in bilateral knee OA from the German Arthroplasty Registry (EPRD).
Methods: Data from the German Arthroplasty Registry (EPRD) was used. Since 2012 a total of 15,154 patients had bilateral knee arthroplasty within one year. Patellofemoral arthroplasties and constraint total knee arthroplasties (TKA) were excluded. 1,144 TKA and 682 unicondylar arthroplasties (UKA) were simultaneously performed, 772 TKA and 292 UKA between 1 and 90 days (short interval) and 24,496 TKA and 2,922 UKA between 91 and 365 days (intermediate interval). Revision and mortality rates were analyzed up to 7 years after surgery. Cox regression was performed to evaluate the influence of different patient characteristics on these outcomes.
Results: The highest cumulative revision rate for any of the bilateral TKA was found for simultaneous surgery with 3.4% (95% CI 2.1 – 5.5). Lower risk for revision was seen in two-staged surgery in short interval (HR 0.42; 95% CI 0.20 – 0.90) and intermediate interval (HR 0.58; 95% CI 0.39 – 0.85). The cumulative one year mortality rate for TKA was comparable in all three groups with 0.8% for simultaneous TKA, 1.3% for short interval two-staged and 0.7% for intermediate interval. In UKA there were no differences between the groups regarding cumulative revision rate and mortality rate.
Conclusion: TKA should be performed simultaneously in selected patients only, the two-staged procedure demonstrated lower revision risks. For UKA we found no differences in timing, simultaneous surgery seems to be a safe option.
Trial registration: Clinical trial number not applicable.
Recurrence patterns and management of locally recurrent rectal cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hakenberg Priska , Kalev Georgi , Seyfried Steffen , Reißfelder Christoph , Hardt Julia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Treatment of locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) is still challenging because of inhomogeneous patient cohorts regarding previous treatments as well as different recurrence patterns and locations. The aim of this study was to investigate the local treatments and surgical approaches tailored to them.
Methods
We included all patients who were treated for LRRC without distant metastasis at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany, between 2010 and 2022. We collected data from our electronic clinical data management system regarding the initial diagnosis and treatment as well as locations and treatment of the recurrent tumor.
Results
We identified a total of 666 patients who were curatively treated for rectal cancer of whom 36 patients (5.4%) developed LRRC without distant recurrence. Most patients (26/36) had a tailored therapy regimen that included surgery with or without perioperative radiation and/or chemotherapy. The most common site of local relapse was around the former colorectal anastomosis (15/36, 41.7%). The operative procedures ranged from anterior resection to multi-organ resection and exenteration. A complete resection (R0) could be achieved in 12 patients (12/22; 54.5%). The 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 79% and 72%, respectively.
Conclusion
Most local recurrences happen at the anastomotic site and are mostly eligible for curative surgical therapy with good long-term survival.
MSTBC: X Bot Detection with Multiple Social-Temporal Behavior Contrast
Authors: Jiang Zhishu , Chen Wei , Zhang Weijie , Lin Youfang , Wan Huaiyu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

X bot detection aims to automatically identify malicious X bots on the X platform, playing a crucial role in protecting information and maintaining platform stability.Recently, mixture-based methods primarily simultaneously consider investigating various social features (e.g. user metadata, tweets, and social relationships) of users to differentiate humans and bots, which hold excellent performance. However, two major challenges have not been adequately addressed in current mixture-based methods: (1) Humans and bots exhibit different temporal behavior patterns, which has not been fully explored.(2) Existing mixture-based methods promote the detection by fusing diverse features but overlook the noise accumulation that arises during the fusion process.In this paper, we propose a novel X bot detection method with Multiple Social-Temporal Behavior Contrast (MSTBC), which integrates users' multiple social-temporal behaviors, including the static behavior (description content), social behavior (social structure) and temporal behavior (temporal behavior patterns).Specifically, the fine-grained temporal behaviors of users are represented as four different prompts. A temporal behavior PLM with temporal behavior prompts in MSTBC serves as the encoder to understand temporal behavior patterns.In addition, we employ multi-behavior contrast to minimize the differences of various features of users, alleviating the noise accumulation that arises during the fusion of diverse features.Experimental results demonstrate that MSTBC outperforms state-of-the-art models on four datasets. The code is available at https://anonymous.4open.science/r/MSTBC-C659.
The Role of Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Orchiectomy or Testicular Atrophy After Torsion in Children. A Multicentric Study
Authors: Delgado-Miguel Carlos , Arredondo-Montero Javier , Moreno-Alfonso Julio César , Montagut Isabella Garavis , Basilio María San , Hernández Irene , Carrera Noela , Iraola Estíbalitz , Jiménez Inmaculada Ruiz , Roncero Pablo Aguado , Fuentes Ennio , Díez Ricardo , Hernández-Oliveros Francisco 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an inflammatory biomarker (hemogram-derived-ratio) related to ischemic-inflammatory diseases. Its usefulness in the diagnosis of pediatric testicular torsion (TT) has recently been reported, although its prognostic implication has not been evaluated. Our aim is to analyze the role of NLR in the evolution of TT in children, determining its potential for predicting the risk of adverse outcomes such as orchiectomy or testicular atrophy.
Methods: We performed a retrospective multicentric case-control study in patients with clinical and ultrasound suspicion of TT, in whom surgical testicular examination was performed between 2016-2022 in seven pediatric hospitals. Patient’s outcomes were analyzed according to the intraoperative and postoperative evolution (orchiectomy/testicular atrophy or not). Demographics, clinical, ultrasound and laboratory features at admission were analyzed. Sensitivity and specificity were determined by the area under the curve (AUC) represented on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.
Results: A total of 455 patients (median age 13.2 years; interquartile range 10.6-14.4 years) were included, in whom 87 orchiectomies (19.1%) were performed and 34 cases of testicular atrophy (7.5%) were observed during follow-up (median follow-up: 10 months). When comparing clinical, ultrasound and laboratory predictors of both events on ROC curves, NLR was the most sensitive and specific parameter for predicting orchiectomy (AUC=0.834; p<0.001), as well as testicular atrophy (AUC=0.849; p<0.001). Compared with other parameters, the designed cut-off point of NLR=5.2 had maximum sensitivity and specificity (82.2% and 77.0%, respectively) for predicting orchiectomy or atrophy after testicular torsion.
Conclusion: NLR may be considered as the best predictor for the risk of orchiectomy or testicular atrophy following torsion in pediatric patients, helping the identification of high-risk cases. It can be useful both for obtaining more accurate preoperative information on patient prognosis and for closer follow-up of high-risk testicular atrophy patients.
The Interplay Between Food Security, Dietary Diversity, and Disease Patterns Among Pregnant Rohingya Women in Cox’s Bazar Makeshift Camps
Authors: Hossain Abeer Mohammad , Riz Abu Ansar Md , Chowdhury A B M Alauddin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background The health and nutritional well-being of pregnant women in refugee populations are critical concerns due to heightened vulnerabilities associated with displacement and inadequate living conditions. This study examines the interplay between food security, dietary diversity, and disease patterns among pregnant Rohingya women residing in the makeshift camps of Ukhiya, Cox's Bazar.Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 96 pregnant Rohingya women from June to September 2022. Data was collected using structured questionnaires assessing socio-demographic characteristics, food security, dietary diversity, and disease patterns. Food security was evaluated using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), while dietary diversity was assessed through a 24-hour dietary recall and 7-day food frequency questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Version 26) and Stata (Version 13), employing descriptive statistics and logistic regression.Results Most participants (57.3%) were food secure, and 85.4% demonstrated high dietary diversity by consuming seven or more food groups. However, 21.9% of households experienced severe food insecurity. The prevalence of health issues was notable, with 51.0% reporting at least one disease during pregnancy, the most common being acidity (36.5%), viral fever (15.6%), and cough (13.5%). No significant associations were found between food security or dietary diversity and most disease outcomes, except for a significant relationship between jaundice and lower dietary diversity.Conclusions Despite the high dietary diversity among participants, severe food insecurity and health disparities remain critical challenges. Tailored interventions focusing on improving food security, promoting dietary diversity, and providing integrated health services are essential to address the unique needs of pregnant Rohingya women. Future research should explore causal relationships and evaluate the effectiveness of different food aid models to enhance maternal health outcomes in refugee settings.
Interactions between land-use change and climate warming drive long-term wild bee declines
Authors: Scharnhorst Victor , Ockermüller Esther , Becsi Benedikt , Formayer Herbert , Hainz-Renetzeder Christa , Glaser Michael , Neumayer Johann , Meimberg Harald , Pachinger Bärbel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Long-term data on species dynamics are scarce, limiting our understanding of biodiversity changes. We analysed over 17,500 museum records of 342 wild bee species collected between 1910 and 2021 at eight sites. Linking temporal distributions to land-use and climatic data, we show that continuous species turnover has reduced diversity over time. Early 20th-century landscape alterations primarily drove local extinctions of habitat-specialist species, initiating declines before global warming began. Subsequent climate warming has exacerbated these losses by reducing habitat suitability for already fragmented populations. While rising temperatures facilitate the immigration of thermophilic generalist species, land-use changes hinder this process; immigration would be faster in less altered landscapes. Habitat generalists with broad climatic niches show greater resilience, contributing to the observed species turnover and functional homogenization as their proportion increases. Climatic traits strongly influence species turnover, and the combined impacts of warming and land-use change further reduce species richness and functional diversity. Improving habitat connectivity and quality can enhance resilience to climate change, providing a clear target for conservation and policy.
Comparison of median effective concentration of spinal ropivacaine in primipara and multipara labor analgesia
Authors: Yan Zhi-Rong , Liu Ming , Xiao Pei-Han , Huang Yu , Miao Li-Yan , Chen Xiao-Fen , Zhang Long-Xin , Zhang Su-Jing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background: The existing literature on the median effective concentration (EC50) of local analgesics in primipara during labor is extensive. However, studies focusing on multipara are less prevalent. This study aims to determine and compare the EC50 of spinal ropivacaine without opioids in multiparas and primiparas during labor analgesia.
Methods: A total of 30 primiparous and 30 multiparous women were enrolled and divided into two groups. All participants received CSE analgesia for labor, with ropivacaine administered intrathecally without opioids. The concentration of spinal ropivacaine was determined using the up-and-down method, starting with an initial concentration of 0.1% and adjusting in increments of 0.01%. Effective analgesia was defined as a numerical rating scale (NRS) score ≤3 within 10 minutes following spinal administration. The primary outcome was the EC50 (with a 95% confidence interval [CI]) for the two groups.
Results: The EC50 for spinal ropivacaine was 0.054% (95% CI, 0.033-0.063%) in primipara and 0.072% (95% CI, 0.044-0.084%) in multipara, there was significant difference between the two groups.
Conclusion: The EC50 in the multipara group was significantly higher than that in the primipara group (P < 0.05).
Trial registration: This study was registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Identifier: ChiCRT2400087716) on August 2, 2024.
Advancing UAV Landing Precision: A Comparative Study of Deep Learning Classifiers for Human Detection
Authors: Rasouli Fariborz , Sharifi Leila , Aslansefat Koorosh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study introduces and implements the use of evidence-based deep learning and Dirichlet distribution for optimal mobility and landing of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). A new evidence-based deep learning model is developed by defining a new loss function on multiple datasets of aerial images captured by drones. The purpose is to identify and process the presence or absence of humans in the landing environment. In this paper we propose a novel deep learning architecture that is capable of providing uncertainty in classification and that can be deployed for input samples. Our project and implemented model are compared with other existing and robust models such as EfficientNET, DenseNet, MobileNet, VGG 16 and 19, Yolov8 and Resnet50. The results show that the use of Evidential Deep Learning (EDL) shows higher accuracy in detecting human presence or absence compared to other existing models. We also model and assess uncertainty for all models used. The use of different models shows the inverse relationship between reliability and uncertainty in person detection in UAVs (higher reliability at the same time as lower uncertainty and vice versa).
A Meaningful Machine Learning Model for Predicting Amputation Rate of Patients with Diabetic Foot
Authors: Liu Zixuan , Han Siyang , Gao Lei , Wang Jiangning , Yao Qi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background. Diabetic foot (DF) is a destructive complication of diabetes,which has high amputation rate and causes great social burden. With the development of artificial intelligence, there is an urgent need for an accurate prediction method for the prognosis of chronic diseases.
Methods. This retrospective study collected the data of 149 patients with DF from January 2019 to December 2022. The data was divided into the test set and training set by 5-fold cross-validation. Then we used Lasso algorithm to screen relevant risk factors, and the predictive model was built with support vector mechanism(SVM) to forecast probability. Combining multiple methods such as receiver operating characteristic, calibration, and risk decision curve for multimodal analysis of the model.
Results. Statistical analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in CRP, PCT, WBC and Wagner grading between the training and testing sets (P＜0.05). According to the results of multiple factor analysis, CRP and Wagner rating 3-4 were the independent predictive factors for generalized amputation.The area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves of themodel were 0.89. This model’s calibration capability was 19.614 through Hosmer-Lemeshow test (p=0.012).When the threshold value was selected as 0.302, the constructed model was able to generate a net gain of 0.351.
Conclusion. The predictive model we constructed can accurately estimate the rate of amputation during hospitalization in DFU patients. Our survey data suggested that C-reactive protein(CRP) and the Wagner grade of the affected foot might play a vital role in predicting diabetic foot amputation.
Biosynthesized Selenium-hydroxytyrosol nanoparticles attenuate hepatocellular carcinoma in rats
Authors: Tawfik Radwa T.M. , El-Azeem Eman M. Abd , Elsonbaty Sawsan M. , Ibrahim Ehab A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a life-threatening disease with a global impact, underscoring the urgent need for the development of new therapeutic agents. This study evaluates the therapeutic effect of selenium-hydroxytyrosol nanoparticles (Se-HTNPs) in a rat model of HCC induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN). In vitro, Se-HTNPs treatment reduced the viability of Hep G2 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 value of 61.29 ± 1.12 µg/mL. The results confirmed the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic properties of Se-HTNPs, demonstrating their effectiveness against DEN-induced HCC. The therapeutic effects of Se-HTNPs were validated by inhibiting serum ALT, AST, and ALP enzyme activities and reducing serum total bilirubin levels. Simultaneously, Se-HTNPs enhanced serum albumin and total protein levels. Additionally, Se-HTNPs alleviated oxidative stress by significantly lowering hepatic lipid peroxidation (MDA) levels and markedly increasing antioxidant marker levels (GSH, SOD, and TAC) compared to DEN-administered rats. Se-HTNPs also significantly reduced hepatic inflammatory markers (TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β), apoptotic markers (p53 and caspase 3), and VEGF levels. Furthermore, compared to the DEN group, Se-HTNPs distinctly suppressed c-JNK mRNA and NF-κB mRNA gene expression levels. Moreover, Se-HTNP treatment significantly improved the histological alterations induced by DEN. In conclusion, these findings suggest that Se-HTNPs mitigate DEN-induced HCC in rats through their potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic properties.