bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal modelling of cylindrical Lithium‐Ion batteries to study the impact of structural components
Authors: Rathod Dhanashri , Ghosh Nitika , Panigrahi Bijaya Kiten , Garg Akhil , Kumari Pooja 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTemperature has a profound impact on the performance of lithium‐ion batteries. The temperature distribution in the cylindrical cell during charging and discharging cycles is governed by physical features of materials such as thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity. The cells must operate at their optimal temperature. The eight thermal models were build by finite element analysis on the COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6 software. With inputs and average characteristics such as open‐circuit voltage (OCV), state of charge (SOC), thermal conductivities, specific heat capacities, and density of the materials employed, the software develops a two‐dimensional thermal model. The thermal model is designed to work with a cylindrical 18 650 lithium‐ion battery. The cell's initial temperature is 298.15 K. After the simulation, the results are interpolated to the 1500s. The thermal distribution in the axial and radial directions is investigated, with the conclusion that certain elements have a greater impact on the cell temperature distribution. The results show that the temperature distributions of the cell are greatly influenced by the steel case around the cylindrical structure, steel needle, electrolyte filled in between the cavities, and relief valve.
Access to technology to support telehealth in areas without specialty care for liver disease
Authors: Henson Jacqueline B. , Wegermann Kara , Patel Yuval A. , Wilder Julius M. , Muir Andrew J. 
Published: June 2022

Background and Aims:
Telehealth may be a successful strategy to increase access to specialty care for liver disease, but whether the areas with low access to care and a high burden of liver‐related mortality have the necessary technology access to support a video‐based telehealth strategy to expand access to care is unknown.

Approach and Results:
Access to liver disease specialty care was defined at the county level as <160.9 km (100 miles) from a liver transplant (LT) center or presence of local gastroenterology (GI). Liver‐related mortality rates were compared by access to care, and access to technology was compared by degree of access to care and burden of liver‐related mortality. Counties with low access to liver disease specialty care had higher rates of mortality from liver disease, and this was highest in areas both >160.9 km from an LT center and without local GI. These counties were more rural, had higher poverty, and had decreased access to devices and internet at broadband speeds. Technology access was lowest in areas with low access to care and the highest burden of liver‐related mortality.

Conclusions:
Areas with poor access to liver disease specialty care have a greater burden of liver‐related mortality, and many of their residents lack access to technology. Therefore, a telehealth strategy based solely on patient device ownership and internet access will exclude a large proportion of individuals in the areas of highest need. Further work should be done at the local and state levels to design optimal strategies to reach their populations of need.
BCR/ABL1ΔE7‐8‐9 isoform contributes to tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Tan Yanhong , Zhang Lingli , Zhu Guiyang , Yang Yuchao , Guo Wenzheng , Chen Lanhui , Chang Jianmei , Xu Yang , Muyey Daniel Muteb , Wang Hongwei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients, the involvement of the BCR/ABL1 isoform in tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) resistance has attracted lots of attention. In this work, a novel isoform that encoded truncated protein due to the deletion of ABL1 exon7, 8, and 9 was reported and named BCR/ABL1ΔE7‐8‐9 here. This isoform was detected only in 10.2% of CML patients with inadequate responses to TKIs. BCR/ABL1Δexon7‐8‐9 isoform promoted S phase cell proliferation and reduced the expression of fusion gene and ABL1 phosphorylation level more slowly than that of control cells after TKIs treatment. The novel isoform has the qualities of a functional tyrosine kinase, localized in the cytoplasm, and could not be imported into the nucleus by TKIs. These results indicated that BCR/ABL1Δexon7‐8‐9 showed poorer sensitivity to imatinib and nilotinib than wild‐type BCR/ABL1. According to molecular docking studies, nilotinib and imatinib present different binding sites and have a lower binding capacity with BCR/ABL1ΔE7‐8‐9 protein than the wild type. Our findings suggested that the novel isoform BCR/ABL1ΔE7‐8‐9 may contribute to TKIs resistance in CML due to its weakened TKIs binding ability. It enriched the mechanism of spliceosome involved in TKIs resistance. Monitoring the expression of BCR/ABL1ΔE7‐8‐9 helps guide the treatment of CML patients in the clinic.
Adverse childhood experiences and maternal self‐efficacy: Examining the mediating role of intimate partner violence and the moderating role of caste membership in rural India
Authors: Jiwani Zishan , Drylewski Grace , Sharma Shipra , Ahun Marilyn , Thapa Shobhali , Steele Miriam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMaternal self‐efficacy (MSE) is associated with healthy functioning in mothers and children globally. Maternal exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and intimate partner violence (IPV) is known to negatively impact MSE in high‐income countries; however, the association has not been examined in low‐and‐middle‐income countries, such as India, which face socioeconomic risks including poverty, illiteracy, and discrimination based on caste membership. The present study examines the mediating role of IPV in the association between ACEs (specifically—emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, neglect, household dysfunction, and discrimination) and MSE and tests caste membership as a moderator. A community‐based, cross‐sectional survey was performed with 316 mothers with at least one child between 0 and 24 months in a rural area in the North Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. A structural equation framework was used to test the moderated‐mediation model. Results from the moderated‐mediation model indicate that greater ACEs exposure was associated with lower MSE and this association was mediated by IPV exposure for low‐caste but not high‐caste mothers, even after controlling for wealth and literacy. These findings add to existing evidence on ACEs exposure as a significant burden for rural Indian mothers, negatively impacting parenting outcomes such as MSE. The critical role of caste membership is also highlighted, providing implications for future research.
William Carlos Williams’ “The Young Housewife”: A Postcritical Reading vis‐à‐vis Shel Silverstein's The Giving Tree
Authors: Norton Sue 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUsing the framework of Rita Felski in her 2015 book The Limits of Critique, this essay offers a postcritical analysis of William Carlos Williams’ 1915 poem “The Young Housewife.” Its intention is to show how Williams’ poem or any poem can be approached through a variety of critical lenses, but that these may get in the way of more immediate, rewarding ways of reading. Shel Silverstein's well‐known 1964 short book The Giving Tree is similar at the level of “plot” to “The Young Housewife.” Taken in tandem, these two texts neatly exemplify the value of postcritical/non‐resistant reading.
Implementation of pharmacist‐led HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis management to increase access to care at an academic internal medicine practice
Authors: Miller Trisha A. , Halza Katherine , Hovis Zachary 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe ongoing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic continues to require attention to reduce the number of new infections. HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has emerged as a highly effective strategy. Although its overall use in the United States has increased since initial approval, it is still underutilized, especially in populations disproportionately affected by HIV. One method for overcoming barriers to PrEP uptake includes utilizing pharmacists to increase access to care.MethodsFor this initiative, a pharmacist‐led PrEP service within a primary care practice was developed utilizing a collaborative practice agreement to enable ordering medications, lab tests, and immunizations. Following the sustainable initial implementation at the first site, expansion occurred to a second location. Data on referrals, patient demographics, and PrEP persistence were collected. Challenges, lessons learned, and future opportunities were also considered.ResultsSince initiating services at both practice sites, a total of 76 patients were referred from August 2018 through March 2022. The majority of patients had their sex listed as male (96%) within the electronic health record and was white (69.7%). The mean age of patients was 33 years (range, 20‐71). Of those who engaged with pharmacist‐led PrEP management, 33.9% (20/59) were retained in care for at least 1 year. There were no occurrences of seroconversion during pharmacist management. Throughout the course of implementation, areas of improvement were identified and addressed for process improvement.ConclusionOur experience supports that pharmacist‐led PrEP management in an outpatient primary care practice is a sustainable option to address certain barriers to care. However, the ability for pharmacist‐provided services may be limited by state pharmacy practice laws and/or lack of reimbursement opportunities for clinical services. Developing innovative practice models that integrate pharmacists in a variety of settings is imperative for further reducing HIV transmission.
Depth estimation of tumor invasion in early gastric cancer using scattering of circularly polarized light: Monte Carlo Simulation study
Authors: Nishizawa Nozomi , Kuchimaru Takahiro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractQuantitative depth estimation of tumor invasion in early gastric cancer by scattering of circularly polarized light is computationally investigated using the Monte Carlo method. Using the optical parameters of the human stomach wall and its carcinoma, the intensity and circular polarization of light scattered from pseudo‐healthy and cancerous tissues were calculated over a wide spectral range. Large differences in the circular polarization with opposite signs, together with the large intensity, are obtained at wavelengths 600 nm and 950 nm. At these two wavelengths, the sampling depth of the biological tissues can be modulated by tuning the detection angle. In bi‐layered pseudo‐tissues with a cancerous layer on a healthy layer and vice versa, the degree of circular polarization of scattered light shows systematic changes depending on the thickness and depth of the cancerous layer, which indicates the feasibility of in vivo quantitative estimation of cancer progression in early gastric cancer.
Photoacoustic‐triggered nanomedicine delivery to internal organs using a dual‐wavelength laparoscope
Authors: Guo Heng , Chen Qian , Li Tingting , Sun Desheng , Xi Lei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPrecise drug delivery for internal organs is always an important clinical issue. In this study, we developed a dual‐wavelength optical resolution photoacoustic laparoscope, and achieved precise and efficient delivery of nanomedicine to multiple abdominal organs. The laparoscope integrated 532 and 820 nm light to map the vascular network, and visually deliver the nanoparticles to the targeted area using photoacoustic radiation force, respectively. To achieve endoscopic use, we employed a micro‐electro‐mechanical‐system (MEMS) scanner to realize internal two‐dimensional raster scanning of the optical beams. Using phantom experiments, the lateral resolutions were measured as 3.75 μm for 532 nm, and 5.25 μm for 820 nm, respectively. Besides, we demonstrated the feasibility of targeted drug delivery using mouse‐ear tumor model, normal organs, and colon tumor model. All the experimental results suggested that this strategy can serve as a promising precise drug delivery method for the effective treatment of internal organ diseases.
A Retrospective Analysis of Intravenous vs Oral Antibiotic Step‐Down Therapy for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Streptococcal Bloodstream Infections
Authors: Ramos‐Otero Gerardo P. , Sarangarm Preeyaporn , Walraven Carla 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEvidence supporting intravenous‐to‐oral (IV‐to‐PO) antibiotic deescalation for uncomplicated streptococcal bloodstream infections (BSIs) are limited. The objective of this study was to compare clinical outcomes of patients treated with IV‐only versus IV‐to‐PO antibiotic therapy for uncomplicated streptococcal BSIs. This was a single‐center, retrospective study of patients aged ≥18 years who received treatment for uncomplicated streptococcal BSIs from January 2017 to December 2019. Patients were excluded if they had a polymicrobial BSI, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, or received antibiotic therapy for >14 days. The primary outcome was clinical failure, defined as persistent bacteremia, recurrence of bacteremia, or mortality at 30 days. Secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay, all‐cause readmissions, development of Clostridioides difficile infection, and adverse antibiotic reactions. There were 98 patients who met the inclusion criteria: 51 patients in the IV‐to‐PO therapy group and 47 patients who received IV‐only antibiotics. Streptococcus pneumoniae and beta‐hemolytic streptococci were the most common pathogens. Patients received an average of 4.4 days of IV antibiotics before being stepped down to an oral agent. Hospital length of stay (6.3 vs 12.6 days; P < .001) and total antibiotic duration of therapy (11.8 vs 13.9 days; P = .002) were significantly shorter in patients receiving IV‐to‐PO therapy. There were no clinical failures observed in patients who received IV‐to‐PO antibiotic therapy. IV‐to‐PO step‐down therapy for uncomplicated streptococcal BSIs was not associated with worse clinical outcomes compared to patients receiving IV‐only antibiotic therapy.
Dysregulated Th1 cells in lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Jiahui , Zhou Jian , Zhou Qiuru , Qi Ying , Zhang Peng , Yan Cihui , Ren Xiubao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is a common subtype of lung cancer. Th1 cells contribute to antitumor immune responses. However, there are few studies on Th1 cells in LUSC. CD8+ T cells are the main driver of the antitumor immunity, targeting tumor cells killing. Th1 cells play an important auxiliary role in this process. Here, we used single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) to analyze qualified CD4+ T cells and Th1 cells (defined CD4+ T cells with 1 or more of STAT1+, STAT4+, T-bet+, and IFN-γ+ as Th1 cells) from tissues of 8 LUSC patients. Then, we validated Th1 cells and CD8+ T cells of 32 LUSC patients by multiplex immunofluorescence staining and immunohistochemistry. Finally, we used flow cytometry to detect IFN-γ of CD4+ T cells in human PBMCs coincubated with LUSC-derived supernatant to simulate a tumor inhibitory microenvironment. ScRNA-seq showed IFN-γ+ Th1 cells account for 25.28% of all Th1 cells. Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses of differentially expressed genes between IFN-γ+ Th1 cells and IFN-γ– Th1 cells confirmed the decreased IFN-γ is associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress). Multiplex immunofluorescence staining and immunohistochemistry proved there was a positive correlation between IFN-γ+ STAT1+ T-bet+ Th1 cells and CD8+ T cells. Flow cytometry showed IFN-γ secreted by Th1 cells is decreased. These findings support the claim that Th1 cells’ function is suppressed in LUSC. Through scRNA-seq, we found that the decreased Th1 cells’ function is associated with ER stress, which requires further study. Overall, these findings may produce a new method for the treatment of LUSC.
Antioxidant, antibacterial, cytotoxicity, and phytochemical potentials of fungal bioactive secondary metabolites
Authors: Sureshkumar Senthuran , Merlin Iniya , Prasai Jiwan R. , Rajapriya Pandy , Pandi Mohan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe present study focuses on antioxidant, antibacterial, phytochemical potential, and cytotoxicity of secondary metabolites from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium proliferatum, Alternaria arborescens, and Pestalotiopsis vismiae. The scavenging effect of fungal metabolites was determined by 2, 2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), H2O2, O2‐, and reducing power assays. Among the four fungi, A. arborescens have higher antioxidant activity of DPPH (81.12%), H2O2 (74.83%), superoxide (75.74%), and reducing power (0.141) with standard ascorbic acid. Fungal metabolites were found to be significantly effective against all tested pathogens. A. arborescens showed significant amounts of phenolic (138.78 ± 3.70 mg/g of gallic acid equivalent), flavonoid (74.16 ± 3.58 mg/g of quercetin equivalent), as well as cytotoxicity effects in a cancer cell line (A549) with inhibitory concentration (IC50 = 35 µg/ml at 24 and 48 h). The live and dead cells were analyzed by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining methods. In addition, A. arborescens metabolites were characterized through gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis. The major compounds were found to be phenol, 4‐(1,1,3,3‐tetramethylbutyl)‐, acetamide, N‐(3‐methylphenyl)‐, dibutyl phthalate, and benzo[qr]naphtho[2,1,8,7‐fghi] pentacene. The compounds were reported in A. arborescensis up to our knowledge this is the first report. Based on this study, all fungal strains have a significant bioactive capacity with A. arborescens strain exhibiting greater biological properties. Further purification and characterization of A. arborescens bioactive component could lead to an intriguing reservoir of novel pharmacological agents in the future.
The formation of small macro‐aggregates induces soil organic carbon stocks in the restoration process used on cut slopes in alpine regions of China
Authors: Huang Bocong , Zhu Mengke , Liu Zongyang , Sheng Meihua , Chen Mei , Yang Qinqing , Yang Yuxuan , Ai Yingwei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRoad construction in mountainous areas of China has formed bare slopes on a large scale, which has aggravated soil erosion and carbon loss, and the restoration processes have changed soil structure and fertility. However, there are few reports regarding the differences of soil aggregate dynamics and SOC sequestration under different restoration process for cut slopes. In this study, three types of cut slopes [cut slope restored naturally (CSN); cut slope restored with three‐dimensional mesh (CST); cut slope restored with galvanized wire mesh (CSG)] and natural slope (NS) in alpine regions were selected as the research objects. SOC stocks and their key driving factors were then analyzed. The results showed that CSG was more beneficial to the formation of macro‐aggregates than CSN and CST. There were significant differences in wet‐sieved aggregate stability under different restoration process, where the sort by strength of stability was NS > CSG > CST > CSN. Aggregate size was a more important factor for SOC stocks than restoration process. The increase of SOC stocks was mainly due to that within small macro‐aggregates. RandomForest analysis revealed that the mass proportion of micro‐aggregates was the most important factor affected SOC stocks, while SOC stocks within large macro‐aggregates and small macro‐aggregates and porosity significantly affected SOC stocks. Partial least squares path modelling analysis found the particle size and stability of aggregates had negative total effects on SOC stocks, and SOC content had positive total effect on that. Overall, for the ecological restoration of cut slope in alpine regions, CSG was most beneficial to increase soil aggregate stability and SOC stocks.
Multichannel Fiber Optic SPR Sensors: Realization Methods, Application Status, and Future Prospects
Authors: Zhang Siqi , Han Bo , Zhang Ya‐nan , Liu Yingxuan , Zheng Wanlu , Zhao Yong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFiber optic sensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) have demonstrated outstanding performance in biomedical, environmental monitoring, public safety, and other aspects, which provide powerful platforms for qualitative detection and quantitative analysis of molecular interactions. Among them, multichannel fiber optic SPR sensor has become a core tool in parallel detection scenarios due to the superiorities of compensating for nonspecific binding and environmental fluctuations and implementing multianalyte determination. The realization methods of multichannel sensing revolve around fiber microstructures, enhancement by materials, and hybrid fiber. The applications of multichannel fiber optic SPR sensors are demonstrated in sensing of liquid refractive index (RI), RI and temperature, biochemical molecules, and physical parameters. This review thoroughly analyzes and compares the structure, excitation effect, sensing performance, and the advantages and disadvantages of each type of multichannel fiber optic SPR sensor. Even though there are still some challenges, such as insufficient sensing channels and difficulty in fabrication, in their advancement, efforts in multidiscipline including developing high‐performance sensitive films and innovating micro–nano fabrication processes will overcome these bottlenecks. Lastly, the future development directions of multichannel fiber optic SPR sensors from principle, structure, and material aspects are discussed.
Re‐Stickable Yarn Supercapacitors with Vaper Phase Polymerized Multi‐Layered Polypyrrole Electrodes for Smart Garments
Authors: Zhao Chen , Wan Tao , Yuan Wenxiong , Zheng Zhaoqiang , Jia Xiaoteng , Shu Kewei , Feng Lei , Min Yonggang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractYarn supercapacitors have attracted significant attention for wearable energy storage due to their ability to be directly integrated with garments. Conducting polymer polypyrrole (PPy) based yarn supercapacitors show limited cycling stability because of the huge volume changes during the charge–discharge processes. In addition, laundering may cause damage to such yarn supercapacitors. Here, the fabrication of PPy‐based re‐stickable yarn supercapacitors is reported with good cycling stability by employing vapor phase polymerization (VPP) and water‐soluble polyethylene oxide (PEO) film as the adhesive layer. VPP duration and cycle are controlled to achieve multi‐layered PPy electrodes. The assembled yarn supercapacitors show a good cycling stability with capacitance retention of 79.1% after 5000 charge–discharge cycles. The energy stored in the yarn supercapacitor is sufficient to power a photodetector. After gluing the yarn supercapacitors onto a PEO film, the devices can be stunk on and peeled off the garment to avoid the mechanical stresses during the washing process. Three yarn supercapacitors connected in parallel on PEO film show negative changes in electrochemical performance after 5 sticking‐peeling cycles. This work provides a facile way to fabricate PPy‐based re‐stickable energy storage devices with high cycling stability for smart garments.