bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Utility of Somatostatin Receptor 2A Immunohistochemistry for Tumor-induced Osteomalacia
Authors: Lee Seunghyun , Hong Namki , Shin Sungjae , Kim Sun Il , Yun Mijin , Kim Sang Kyum , Rhee Yumie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Context
Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic disorder caused by excessive fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) secretion. FGF23 immunohistochemistry (IHC) is proposed as a useful adjunctive marker to confirm TIO diagnosis. However, it often stains focally, limiting its diagnostic utility.

Objective
This work aimed to compare the diagnostic performance between somatostatin receptor 2A (SSTR2A) and FGF23 IHC for TIO.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed TIO-diagnosed patients in Severance Hospital between July 2006 and May 2020. Histologic evaluation was performed using histoscore (H score) (expression area proportion score [0-2] × intensity score [1-3], [total, 0-6]). FGF23 and SSTR2A IHC were performed using unstained slides from 18 localized TIO patients and 9 and 15 non-TIO controls with bone and soft-tissue tumors, respectively. SSTR2A positivity was defined as cytoplasmic, membranous, or Golgi staining in more than 1% of tumor cells, and negativity as nonspecific nuclear staining. FGF23 positivity was defined as cytoplasmic expression in more than 1% of the tumor area and negativity as nonspecific nuclear staining.

Results
Suspicious lesions were successfully detected in 14 of 15 patients who underwent 68Ga-DOTATOC scans. Diffuse cytoplasmic SSTR2A expression was identified in all TIO patients and focal weak nuclear staining in 12 of 15 controls. FGF23 cytoplasmic expression was identified in 11 of 18 TIO patients and diffuse nuclear staining in 9 of 9 controls. The H score was higher in SSTR2A than in FGF23 IHC (median [interquartile range]: 6 [6-6] vs 1 [0-2], P &lt; .001).

Conclusion
SSTR2A IHC with H-score quantification might be a more sensitive, adjunctive diagnostic tool than FGF23 IHC for TIO diagnosis.
Investigating the effect of cholinergic and adrenergic blocking agents on maternal-fetal heart rates and their interactions in mice fetuses
Authors: Khandoker Ahsan H. , Wahbah Maisam , Yoshida Chihiro , Kasahara Yoshiyuki , Funamoto Kiyoe , Niizeki Kyuichi , Kimura Yoshitaka 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
This study examines the role of autonomic control of maternal and fetal heart rate variability (MHRV and FHRV) and their heartbeats phase coupling prevalence (CPheartbeat) in mice. The subjects are divided into three groups: control with saline, cholinergic blockade with atropine, and β-adrenergic blockade with propranolol. Electrocardiogram signals of 27 anesthetized pregnant mice and 48 fetuses were measured for 20 min (drugs were administered after 10 min). For the coupling analysis, different maternal heartbeats were considered for one fetal beat. Results show that saline infusion did not produce any significant changes in MHRV and FHRV, as well as CPheartbeat. Atropine increased maternal HR (MHR) and decreased MHRV significantly without any considerable effect on fetal HR (FHR) and FHRV. Propranolol infusion did not produce any significant changes in MHR and MHRV, but significantly decreased FHR and increased FHRV. Moreover, atropine had led to a decrease in CPheartbeat when considering two and three maternal beats, and an increase for four beats; while propranolol resulted in a decrease for two heartbeats, but an increase for four and five beats. The proposed approach is useful for assessing the impact of maternal autonomic modulation activity on fetal distress and obstetric complications prevalent in pregnant mothers.
Identifying Gait Pathology after ACL Reconstruction Using Temporal Characteristics of Kinetics and Electromyography
Authors: ITO NAOAKI , CAPIN JACOB J. , KHANDHA ASHUTOSH , BUCHANAN THOMAS S. , SNYDER-MACKLER LYNN 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Asymmetrical gait mechanics after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are associated with the development of posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis. Current measures of gait mechanics have focused heavily on peak magnitudes of knee kinematics, kinetics, and joint contact forces but have seldom considered the rate of knee loading, cumulative knee load, or the timing of motor input surrounding peaks. The purpose of this study was to introduce and describe novel metrics of gait using temporal characteristics of kinetics and EMG to identify neuromuscular deficits of the quadriceps in patients after ACLR.

Methods
Gait mechanics were assessed 6 months (n = 145) and 24 months (n = 116) after ACLR. External knee flexion rate of moment development (RMD) and knee flexion moment impulse (KFMI) leading up to the time of peak knee flexion moment (pKFM), peak RMD between initial contact to pKFM, and cumulative KFMI were calculated. Extensor latencies from the quadriceps, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and rectus femoris (time of pKFM – time of peak EMG activity) during the weight acceptance phase of gait were also calculated. Paired-sample t-tests (α = 0.05) were performed between limbs at both time points.

Results
Slower RMD, smaller KFMI, and longer extensor latencies in the involved compared with uninvolved limb were observed across all measures at 6 months (P < 0.005). At 24 months, RMDpeak was slower, and KFMI50ms, KFMI100ms, and KFMItotal were lower in the involved limb (P < 0.003), but no other asymmetries were found.

Conclusions
Slower RMD, smaller KFMI, and prolonged extensor latencies may characterize neuromuscular deficits underlying aberrant gait mechanics early after ACLR. RMD, KFMI, and extensor latencies during gait should be considered in the future to quantify asymmetrical movement patterns observed after ACLR and as markers of recovery.
Data Management Plans in Horizon 2020: what beneficiaries think and what we can learn from their experience
Authors: Spichtinger Daniel 
Published: February 2022

Background: Data Management Plans (DMPs) are at the heart of many research funder requirements for data management and open data, including the EU’s Framework Programme for Research and Innovation, Horizon 2020. This article provides a summary of the findings of the DMP Use Case study, conducted as part of OpenAIRE Advance. Methods: As part of the study we created a vetted collection of over 800 Horizon 2020 DMPs. Primarily, however, we report the results of qualitative interviews and a quantitative survey on the experience of Horizon 2020 projects with DMPs. Results & Conclusions: We find that a significant number of projects had to develop a DMP for the first time in the context of Horizon 2020, which points to the importance of funder requirements in spreading good data management practices. In total, 82% of survey respondents found DMPs useful or partially useful, beyond them being “just” an European Commission (EC) requirement. DMPs are most prominently developed within a project’s Management Work Package. Templates were considered important, with 40% of respondents using the EC/European Research Council template. However, some argue for a more tailor-made approach. The most frequent source for support with DMPs were other project partners, but many beneficiaries did not receive any support at all. A number of survey respondents and interviewees therefore ask for a dedicated contact point at the EC, which could take the form of an EC Data Management Helpdesk, akin to the IP helpdesk. If DMPs are published, they are most often made available on the project website, which, however, is often taken offline after the project ends. There is therefore a need to further raise awareness on the importance of using repositories to ensure preservation and curation of DMPs. The study identifies IP and licensing arrangements for DMPs as promising areas for further research.
Desnutrición crónica en niños menores de cinco años de la comunidad indígena awá, Barbacoas (Nariño, Colombia), 2019
Authors: Erazo Arteaga Diana Carolina , García Jorge Iván , Chavarriaga Maya Lina Marcela , Quirós-Gómez Oscar Ivan 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Chronic malnutrition in children under 5 years old is defined as stunting due to recurrentnutritional deficiencies associated with poverty, maternal health, and nutrition. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of chronic malnutrition and associated factors in children under 5 years old from the indigenous Awá community, at Barbacoas, Nariño in 2019. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, which included 527 children under 5 years old from the Awá community who attended a health institution for growth and development program. Chronic malnutrition was evaluated as an outcome, whereas sociodemographic, nutritional and other health characteristics as associated factors. Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and Mann–Whitney’s U test were used to determine statistical association. Additionally, the relationship was adjusted through a multiple logistic regression model. Results: Chronic malnutrition was found in 17.6% of children. The statistical association was found in children of the adolescent mother, incomplete vaccination schedule, and age and birth weight. Conclusion: In children under 5 years old in the Awá community, the frequency of chronic malnutrition is above the average for the general population in Colombia. Prioritizing the active search for chronic malnutrition in children whose mothers are adolescents and those with low birth weight and incomplete vaccination is important.
Effect of resistance training on satellite cells in old mice – a transcriptome study
Authors: Hsu Wei-Bin , Lin Shih-Jie , Hung Ji-Shiuan , Chen Mei-Hsin , Lin Che-Yi , Hsu Wei-Hsiu , Hsu Wen-Wei Robert 
Published: February 2022

Aims The decrease in the number of satellite cells (SCs), contributing to myofibre formation and reconstitution, and their proliferative capacity, leads to muscle loss, a condition known as sarcopenia. Resistance training can prevent muscle loss; however, the underlying mechanisms of resistance training effects on SCs are not well understood. We therefore conducted a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of SCs in a mouse model. Methods We compared the differentially expressed genes of SCs in young mice (eight weeks old), middle-aged (48-week-old) mice with resistance training intervention (MID+ T), and mice without exercise (MID) using next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics. Results After the bioinformatic analysis, the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway and the regulation of actin cytoskeleton in particular were highlighted among the top ten pathways with the most differentially expressed genes involved in the young/MID and MID+ T/MID groups. The expression of Gng5, Atf2, and Rtor in the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway was higher in the young and MID+ T groups compared with the MID group. Similarly, Limk1, Arhgef12, and Araf in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton pathway had a similar bias. Moreover, the protein expression profiles of Atf2, Rptor, and Ccnd3 in each group were paralleled with the results of NGS. Conclusion Our results revealed that age-induced muscle loss might result from age-influenced genes that contribute to muscle development in SCs. After resistance training, age-impaired genes were reactivated, and age-induced genes were depressed. The change fold in these genes in the young/MID mice resembled those in the MID + T/MID group, suggesting that resistance training can rejuvenate the self-renewing ability of SCs by recovering age-influenced genes to prevent sarcopenia. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(2):121–133.
Perspective: Lessons Learned, Challenges, and Opportunities in Quantifying Cohesive Soil Erodibility with the Jet Erosion Test (JET)
Authors: Fox Garey A. , Guertault Lucie , Castro-Bolinaga Celso , Allen Peter , Bigham Kari A. , Bonelli Stephane , Hunt Sherry Lynn , Kassa Kayla , Langendoen Eddy J. , Porter Erin , Shafii Iman , Wahl Tony , Thompson Tess Wynn 
Published: February 2022

HighlightsThe JET is a key instrument for in situ and laboratory measurement of soil erodibility.Operation and reporting guidelines are needed to ensure consistency across JETs and applications.JET design improvements and hydrodynamic studies are needed to inform proper analyses and limit operator effects.Erodibility databases should be developed that report JET, soil, and fluid properties. Keywords: Cohesive soils, Critical shear stress, Erodibility, Erosion, Jet Erosion Test, Scour.
The Political Economy of Skill Formation in a Rentier State: The Case of Oman
Authors: Langthaler Margarita , Wolf Stefan , Schnitzler Tobias 
Published: February 2022

Context: Against a backdrop of dwindling oil resources and increasing unemployment rates, the government of Oman has set out to diversify its industry and establish a knowledge-based economy. In this context, forming a highly-skilled Omani workforce is considered to be of crucial importance. Yet, the national TVET system suffers from low social status, poor quality, and limited labour market connectivity. This paper offers an analysis of Oman's TVET system in the socio-economic and cultural context of a rentier state. Approach: We draw on the political economy of skills and socio-cultural approaches that understand TVET systems and the broader skills regimes in which they are embedded as part and expression of particular patterns of the social organisation of work. This helps to locate TVET systems' strengths and weaknesses in the context of their underlying social relations instead of considering them as mere dysfunctionalities at the systemic level. This paper draws on an unpublished study on TVET for industrialisation commissioned by an Omani line ministry in cooperation with an international organisation. For this study, the authors carried out a literature review, undertook two field trips to Oman in 2018 and 2019 and conducted forty semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from government, private companies, business associations, and TVET and higher education institutions. Findings: Our analysis highlights how skill formation in Oman is shaped by the socio-economic and cultural context of the Omani rentier state. First, the availability of cheap expatriate labour and Omanis' traditional preference for public sector jobs culminate in poor incentives for employing Omani nationals in the private sector. Second, reluctant employer attitudes towards national skill formation deepen quality issues in the TVET system, especially with regard to work-based training. This reinforces negative perceptions of the local workforce, which in turn contribute to biased employment patterns. Both social processes mutually reinforce each other, eventually preventing the emergence of strong national skill formation dynamics.
Conclusions: While immediate structural change appears challenging, it is evident that reforms of the TVET system alone will not lead to its sustainable improvement. More research into how skill formation relates to Oman's specific socio-economic structures, how employment dynamics relate to educational credentials and how cultural traditions shape educational and work practices is needed.
Draft of Russian Clinical Practice Guidelines «Male hypogonadism»
Authors: Dedov I. I. , Mokrysheva N. G. , Melnichenko G. A. , Rozhivanov R. V. , Kamalov A. A. , Mkrtumyan А. M. , Khalimov Yu. Sh. , Vorokhobina N. V. 
Published: February 2022

Hypogonadism in males, defined as a decrease in serum testosterone levels in combination with characteristic symptoms and/or signs, can be observed with pathological changes in the testicles and/or pituitary gland, such as Klinefelter’s syndrome, Kallman’s syndrome, as well as in men with metabolic (obesity, diabetes mellitus) or iatrogenic disorders leading to a decrease in androgen production. The draft guidelines cover the extensive range of pathologies that cause hypogonadism development (testosterone deficiency) and focus on its clinical variants, which make up the majority of cases of hypogonadism observed in men. The authors and reviewers are an interdisciplinary group of experts, consisting of endocrinologists, andrologists, urologists - members of the «Russian Association of Endocrinologists» and «Men’s and Reproductive Health» public organizations.Clinical guidelines contain the most reliable evidence available to experts at the time of writing. Nevertheless, recommendations cannot replace clinical experience, and deciding on the start of treatment, choosing a method of therapy, or a drug should always consider the individual characteristics of a specific patient.
Analysis of differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways involved in atherosclerosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Kotlyarov Stanislav 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAtherosclerosis is an important medical and social problem, and the keys to solving this problem are still largely unknown. A common situation in real clinical practice is the comorbid course of atherosclerosis with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Diseases share some common risk factors and may be closely linked pathogenetically. Methods: Bioinformatics analysis of datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was performed to examine the gene ontology (GO) of common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in COPD and peripheral arterial atherosclerosis. DEGs were identified using the limma R package with the settingsp< 0.05, corrected using the Benjamini & Hochberg algorithm and ǀlog 2FCǀ > 1.0. The GO, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, and the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed with the detected DEGs. Results: The biological processes and signaling pathways involving common DEGs from airway epithelial datasets in COPD and tissue in peripheral atherosclerosis were identified. A total of 15 DEGs were identified, comprising 12 upregulated and 3 downregulated DEGs. The GO enrichment analysis demonstrated that the upregulated hub genes were mainly involved in the inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species metabolic process, cell adhesion, lipid metabolic process, regulation of angiogenesis, icosanoid biosynthetic process, and cellular response to a chemical stimulus. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that the common pathways were Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis, and cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction. Conclusions: Biological processes and signaling pathways associated with the immune response may link the development and progression of COPD and atherosclerosis.
Synthesis of alkaline-earth Zintl phosphidesMZn2P2(M= Ca, Sr, Ba) from Sn solutions
Authors: Katsube Ryoji , Nose Yoshitaro 
Published: February 2022

AbstractExploration of suitable partner materials (so-called buffer layer or n-type emitter) for each light-absorbing material is essential to practicalize various emerging photovoltaic devices. Motivated by our recent discovery of a partner material, Mg(MgxZn1−x)2P2, in Mg/Zn3P2solar cells, the related series of materialsMZn2P2(M= Ca, Sr, Ba) is of interest to the application in pnictide-based solar cells. In this study, we synthesize these materials to evaluate the optoelectronic properties concerning photovoltaic applications. To deal with the difficulties of the high vapor pressure and reactivity of the constituent elements, we utilized Sn as a solvent to reduce their activities during heat treatments. Powders that are mainly composed ofMZn2P2were obtained by crushing the samples after solution growth, although single-phase crystals ofMZn2P2could not be obtained in this study. The optical bandgap and the ionization potential of eachMZn2P2were evaluated through the diffuse reflectance and the photoelectron yield spectroscopy measurements of the powder. As a result, we found that CaZn2P2would be a promising partner material in photovoltaics based on Zn3P2and ZnSnP2.
Prenominal possessives in Yiddish: mayn khaver versus mayner a khaver
Authors: Roehrs Dorian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article provides a systematic comparison and detailed analysis of two prenominal possessive constructions in Yiddish, the familiar mayn khaver ‘my friend’ and the less well-known mayner a khaver ‘a friend of mine.’ It is demonstrated that the first construction is definite and that the second construction is indefinite. It is argued that the possessor in the first construction is in Spec,DP. Making the standard assumption that (in-)definiteness is determined in the DP-level, this construction straightforwardly adheres to Definiteness Spread analyzed as Spec-head agreement. As to the second construction, it is proposed that the possessor is embedded in a second nominal and that nominal is in a position higher than the DP-level. Discussing four different analyses, it is concluded that the possessor of the second construction is most likely adjoined to the DP-level. As such, the possessor plays no role in Definiteness Spread, and the indefinite article brings about indefiniteness. The investigation is guided by relating the second construction to two other intriguing cases: eyner a khaver ‘a certain friend’ and epes a khaver ‘some friend.’ It is shown that predeterminer elements (mayner, eyner, epes) can be stacked and switch positions. This supports an analysis of adjunction. More generally, the data provide more evidence that there are structural positions above the DP proper.
Exponential stability of Timoshenko system in thermoelasticity of second sound with a memory and distributed delay term
Authors: Moumen Abdelkader , Ouchenane Djamel , Choucha Abdelbaki , Zennir Khaled , Zubair Sulima A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article concerns linear one-dimensional thermoelastic Timoshenko system with memory and distributed delay terms where the Cattaneo law governs the heat flux

q

(

x
,
t

)

q\left(x,t)

. We proved an exponential stability result by using the energy method combined with Lyapunov functional.
Ground state sign-changing solutions for a class of quasilinear Schrödinger equations
Authors: Zhu Wenjie , Chen Chunfang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the following quasilinear Schrödinger equation:

−
Δ
u
+
V

(

x

)

u
+

κ

2

Δ

(

u

2

)

u
=
K

(

x

)

f

(

u

)

,

x
∈

R

N

,

-\Delta u+V\left(x)u+\frac{\kappa }{2}\Delta \left({u}^{2})u=K\left(x)f\left(u),\hspace{1.0em}x\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{N},

where

N
≥
3

N\ge 3

,

κ
>
0

\kappa \gt 0

,

f
∈
C

(

R
,
R

)

f\in {\mathcal{C}}\left({\mathbb{R}},{\mathbb{R}})

,

V

(

x

)

V\left(x)

and

K

(

x

)

K\left(x)

are positive continuous potentials. Under given conditions, by changing variables and truncation argument, the energy of ground state solutions of the Nehari type is achieved. We also prove the existence of ground state sign-changing solutions for the aforementioned equation. Our results are the generalization work of M. B. Yang, C. A. Santos, and J. Z. Zhou, Least action nodal solution for a quasilinear defocusing Schrödinger equation with supercritical nonlinearity, Commun. Contemp. Math. 21 (2019), no. 5, 1850026, https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219199718500268.