bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What validation tests can be done by the clinical medical physicist while waiting for the standardization of quantitative SPECT/CT imaging?
Authors: Piwowarska-Bilska Hanna , Supińska Aleksandra , Birkenfeld Bożena 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective
The aim of the study was to assess the accuracy of quantitative SPECT/CT imaging in a clinical setting and to compare test results from two nuclear medicine departments.

Methods
Phantom studies were carried out with two gamma cameras manufactured by GE Healthcare: Discovery NM/CT 670 and NM/CT 850, used in two nuclear medicine departments. The data were collected using a cylindrical uniform phantom and a NEMA/IEC NU2 Body Phantom, filled with 99mTc-pertechnetate.

Results
The convergence of activity concentration recovery was validated for the two gamma cameras operating in two medical centers using the cylindrical uniform phantom. The comparison of results revealed a 5% difference in the background calibration factor Bg. cal; 6% difference in COV, and a 0.6% difference in total activity deviation ∆Atot. Recovery coefficients (RCmax) for activity concentration in spheres of the NEMA/IEC NU2 Body Phantom were measured for different image reconstruction techniques. RCmax was in the range of 0.2–0.4 for the smallest sphere (ϕ 10 mm), and 1.3–1.4 for the largest sphere (ϕ 37 mm). Conversion factors for SUVmax and SUVmean for the gamma camera systems used were 0.99 and 1.13, respectively.

Conclusions
(1) Measurements taken in our study confirmed the clinical suitability of 5 parameters of image quality (Bg. cal—background calibration factor, ∆Atot—total activity deviation, COV—coefficient of variation used for image noise assessment, QH—hot contrast, AM—accuracy of measurements, or RC—recovery coefficient) for the validation of SPECT/CT system performance in terms of correct quantitative acquisitions of images. (2) This work shows that absolute SPECT/CT quantification is achievable in clinical nuclear medicine centers. Results variation of quantitative analyses between centers is mainly related to the use of different reconstruction methods. (3) It is necessary to standardize the technique of measuring the SUV conversion factor obtained with different SPECT/CT scanners.
A novel semiautomated method for background activity and biological tumour volume definition to improve standardisation of 18F-FET PET imaging in glioblastoma
Authors: Brighi Caterina , Puttick Simon , Li Shenpeng , Keall Paul , Neville Katherine , Waddington David , Bourgeat Pierrick , Gillman Ashley , Fay Michael 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Multicentre clinical trials evaluating the role of 18F-Fluoroethyl-l-tyrosine (18F-FET) PET as a diagnostic biomarker in glioma management have highlighted a need for standardised methods of data analysis. 18F-FET uptake normalised against background in the contralateral brain is a standard imaging technique to delineate the biological tumour volume (BTV). Quantitative analysis of 18F-FET PET images requires a consistent and robust background activity. Currently, defining background activity involves the manual selection of an arbitrary region of interest, a process that is subject to large variability. This study aims to eliminate methodological errors in background activity definition through the introduction of a semiautomated method for region of interest selection. A new method for background activity definition, involving the semiautomated generation of mirror-image (MI) reference regions, was compared with the current state-of-the-art method, involving manually drawing crescent-shape (gCS) reference regions. The MI and gCS methods were tested by measuring values of background activity and resulting BTV of 18F-FET PET scans of ten patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme generated from inputs provided by seven readers. To assess intra-reader variability, each scan was evaluated six times by each reader. Intra- and inter-reader variability in background activity and BTV definition was assessed by means of coefficient of variation.

Results
Compared to the gCS method, the MI method showed significantly lower intra- and inter-reader variability both in background activity and in BTV definition.

Conclusions
The proposed semiautomated MI method minimises intra- and inter-reader variability, providing a valuable approach for standardisation of 18F-FET PET quantitative parameters.
Trial registration ANZCTR, ACTRN12618001346268. Registered 9 August 2018, https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=374253
Development of tricot warp knitted fabrics with moisture management for casual shirt
Authors: Chen Qing , Feng Jie , Ma Bomou , Fu Bailu , Zheng Rong , Fan Jintu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWarp knitted mesh fabric was usually applied to sportswear due to good air transmission, but without multilayer structure and one-way transport property. In order to solve this problem, the miss-lapping structure was applied to examine the possibility to fabricate multilayer and improve water transport in warp knitting structure. Besides, the effect of thread type and warp density on comfort properties were also exploited to enhance the moisture management. The moisture management test, water vapor permeability and air permeability were examined. Long float at the back side in structure I formed by miss-lapping could improve liquid transport and air permeability, but slightly reduce water vapor permeability. With proper density, there existed the optimal one-way transport capacity and overall moisture management. Warp density in 20 cpc was an optimal parameter of knitting process. Taking advantage of miss-lapping, sample 5 where polypropylene was partly threaded on GB1 provided best moisture management, water vapor permeability and air permeability.
Solitary pulmonary metastasis after meningioma surgery of the head: a case report
Authors: Utsumi Takahiro , Saito Tomohito , Ishida Mitsuaki , Maru Natsumi , Matsui Hiroshi , Taniguchi Yohei , Hino Haruaki , Murakawa Tomohiro 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundMeningioma is the most common type of benign primary brain tumor that is rarely associated with distant metastasis. No established treatment strategy for metastatic meningiomas exists to date. Herein, we report a case of solitary pulmonary metastasis of meningioma detected 2 years after neurosurgical resection of the primary tumor.Case presentationA 75-year-old male patient underwent neurosurgical resection of a convexity meningioma (World Health Organization grade II atypical meningioma), followed by postoperative radiotherapy for the residual tumor. Two postoperative years later, a solitary 10-mm pulmonary nodule in the left lower lung lobe was detected on chest computed tomography. The patient underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic left lower lobectomy for suspected pulmonary metastasis of meningioma. The pathological diagnosis was solitary pulmonary metastasis of meningioma. No sign of further recurrence was noted at 8 months postoperatively.ConclusionsWe present a rare and unique surgical case of solitary pulmonary metastasis of meningioma. Further investigation is necessary to establish the standardized treatment strategy for metastatic meningiomas.
Co-production: a kind revolution
Authors: Staniszewska Sophie , Hickey Gary , Coutts Pippa , Thurman Ben , Coldham Tina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCarnegie UK (CUK) and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) INVOLVE held a meeting on the co-production of research, how we work together on equal terms. We brought together public contributors and individuals from organisations focused on research. We wanted to discuss how co-production could work in research, how it could be seen as business as usual, and to think through the barriers that stop us from working together, as well as the things that can help us move forward. While we agreed that the idea of working together is important, we recognised there are still many challenges to co-production being seen as a normal activity in research and the development of a ‘business case’ to persuade others is still needed. We also considered the wider civic roles that Universities are adopting as important in helping co-production become normal practice. Discussion focused on issues such as power and how it works in research. We recognised that we also need to create the right conditions for co-production, changing research culture so it becomes kinder, with a focus on the development of relationships. We also recognised the need for enough time for honest, high quality conversations between patients, public contributors and researchers that take account of how power works in research. Co-production was seen as a societal ‘good,’ helping us live well by undertaking research together that benefits the health of the public. We also identified a range of ways we could move co-production forward, recognising we are on a journey and that current societal changes brought about by Covid-19 may result in us being more radical in how we rethink the ways we want to work in research.
Studies on biological control potential of Steinernema abbasi CS-39 against Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by adopting the regression probit model
Authors: Srivastava Shreyansh , Heena  , Chaubey Ashok Kumar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
In India, application of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) as a bio-agent against insect pests was known since 5–6 decades with the application of the exotic species Steinernema carpocapsae (DD-136 Strain). EPNs have a strong potential to control the soil-borne insect pests. In the present study isolated strain was identified as Steinernema abbasi and docketed as CS-39. The efficacy of the isolated strain was tested against the American bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Results
Laboratory bioassay revealed that the median lethal concentration (LC50 = 83.21 IJs) of the S. abbasi isolate CS-39 was quite sufficient to achieve 100% mortality after 24 h of exposure. Mean mortality percentage was estimated > 75% at all concentrations, i.e., 25, 50, 100 and 200 IJs/larva, and 100% mortality was achieved at 200 IJs/larva after 24 h of concentration exposure. Positive relationship was found at every concentration of exposure and % mortality of the insect pest (H. armigera) after 36 (p < 0.01) and 48 h of exposure (p < 0.02).

Conclusions
Steinernema abbasi isolate CS-39 found to be highly virulent to H. armigera. As the result urged, 200 IJs / larva showed 100% mortality at 36 h, whereas 100 IJs / larva showed 100% mortality at 60 h. Difference in time duration might be because of action of bacterial symbionts which were the main precursor of pathogenicity. Extensive study of secondary metabolites of the bacterial symbionts may extend the present study to the new dimension.
Risk factors of school bullying and its relationship with psychiatric comorbidities: a literature review
Authors: Ahmed Gellan K. , Metwaly Nabil A. , Elbeh Khaled , Galal Marwa Salah , Shaaban Islam 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
School bullying is described as violence to other people. It is perpetrated at schools or other activities when the power of a student or a group of students is used to injure others or other groups.

Main body
The prevalence of school bullying is varied from one country to another. There are many types of bullying, such as physical, verbal, social relations, psychological, sexual, and cyber-bullying. Many risk factors could affect school bullying, especially individual, peer and parent factors. Researches found that adults who had school bullying are more vulnerable to develop future psychiatric disorders.

Conclusions
School bullying is one of the crucial problems among pupils. The wide range of the prevalence of school bullying may be due to different methodologies and the presence of many risk factors. It is recommended to have long-term researches about the student with bullying behavior. Also, prevention programs are required to increase knowledge and early detection of affected students to prevent future psychiatric disorders.
Reversed ophthalmic artery flow in patients with acute ischemic stroke and ipsilateral significant extracranial carotid artery stenosis, and its effect in functional outcome
Authors: Fahmy Yosra , Abo El Naga Yousry , Hazzou Ahmed , Helmy Shahinaz 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Cerebral hemodynamics and collateral circulation have an important role in determining stroke outcome, while the role of primary collateral is well known, the role of secondary collaterals including ophthalmic artery flow is still controversial. Our aim was to evaluate the flow of ophthalmic artery in patients with acute ischemic stroke and significant extracranial carotid stenosis and assess its role on the functional outcome. Thirty patients with acute ischemic stroke and extracranial carotid stenosis were included from Ain Shams University hospitals, color coded duplex was used to assess extracranial carotid arteries, ophthalmic artery was assessed by transcranial color-coded duplex. According to ophthalmic artery flow patients were divided into two groups, one with forward and other with reversed flow. Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) after 3 months was compared between the two groups

Results
Reversed ophthalmic artery flow (ROAF) was seen among 10 (33.33%) patients. After 3 month MRS was better in ROAF group (1.5 ± 1.958) than forward ophthalmic artery flow (FOAF) group (2.1 ± 1.954) but with no statistical difference (p value 0.398); furthermore, the difference between MRS after 3 months and discharge was significant in ROAF group (p value 0.042).

Conclusions
Transcranial duplex is a noninvasive, safe method in determining ophthalmic artery flow; furthermore, ROAF could help in better stroke outcome.
Management of asthma patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: pathophysiological considerations to address the challenges
Authors: Tabassum Tahani , Rahman Ahsab , Araf Yusha , Ullah Md. Asad , Hosen Mohammad Jakir 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a serious global health issue, especially for people with pre-existing health conditions. Patients dealing with asthma are presumed to be at higher risk as COVID-19 may cause severe respiratory distress.

Main body
From the initial stage of the pandemic, several clinical trials and studies have assessed the association between COVID-19 and asthma; however, no significant association was reported. This may be due to the fact that most of the asthma cases remained undiagnosed and overlapping respiratory features make it difficult to differentiate between these two diseases. The pathomechanism of the conditions and the immune response generated in response to the conditions suggest that the presence of any of the conditions is very likely to influence the presence or severity of the other condition. So far, no specific treatments are known for COVID-19; however, the use of plasma therapy and broad-spectrum antiviral drugs during the initial phase of the pandemic and widespread vaccination during the latter phase has given positive outcomes in reducing COVID-19 cases as well as disease severity.

Short conclusion
Taking asthma as an increased risk factor for COVID-19 morbidity, this article aims to provide comprehensive insights into the risk and proper management of asthma patients during this COVID-19 pandemic. The common medications of asthma patients suppress their respiratory immune response that might facilitate cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients. Similarly, there are risks of viral-induced asthma exacerbations. Besides, different social issues such as shortage of medicines, SDOH, and delayed clinical trials put asthma patients through inconvenience. The primary focus at this point should be to reduce probable asthma attacks and severity to prevent hospitalization of asthma patients. Moreover, for better management of asthma patients maintaining an asthma action plan and healthy lifestyle, ensuring a nutritious diet, and developing self-management interventions can play a crucial role.
Opioid-free anesthesia in oncologic surgery: the rules of the game
Authors: De Cassai Alessandro , Geraldini Federico , Tulgar Serkan , Ahiskalioglu Ali , Mariano Edward R. , Dost Burhan , Fusco Pierfrancesco , Petroni Gian Marco , Costa Fabio , Navalesi Paolo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Opioids are frequently used in the postoperative period due to their analgesic properties. While these drugs reduce nociceptive somatic, visceral, and neuropathic pain, they may also lead to undesirable effects such as respiratory depression, urinary retention, nausea and vomiting, constipation, itching, opioid-induced hyperalgesia, tolerance, addiction, and immune system disorders. Anesthesiologists are in the critical position of finding balance between using opioids when they are necessary and implementing opioid-sparing strategies to avoid the known harmful effects. This article aims to give an overview of opioid-free anesthesia.

Main body
This paper presents an overview of opioid-free anesthesia and opioid-sparing anesthetic techniques. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies are discussed, highlighting the possible advantages and drawbacks of each approach.

Conclusions
Choosing the best anesthetic protocol for a patient undergoing cancer surgery is not an easy task and the available literature provides no definitive answers. In our opinion, opioid-sparing strategies should always be implemented in routine practice and opioid-free anesthesia should be considered whenever possible. Non-pharmacological strategies such as patient education, while generally underrepresented in scientific literature, may warrant consideration in clinical practice.
Posthumanist Cultural Studies: Taking the Nonhuman Seriously
Authors: Cord Florian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a pronounced (re-)turn to questions of ontology, matter, and realism in the humanities and social sciences. What all these theoretical formations have in common is their profound challenge to human exceptionalism. Taken together, these approaches have productively been described as constituting a “nonhuman turn.” This article is a theoretical exploration of the relationship between the intellectual and political practice of Cultural Studies on the one hand and the nonhuman turn on the other. For this purpose, it brings both “into encounter” (Donna Haraway), investigating points of affinity, tension, and compatibility. The essay argues that such a theoretical encounter could prove to be tremendously fruitful, both intellectually and politically, and that Cultural Studies should thus take a genuine interest in these new approaches, engage with them, put them to the test, and, when needed, “translate” and “re-articulate” them. The result could be a Cultural Studies for the Anthropocene which would have a lot to contribute to the critical (cultural/political/social/economic) struggles being fought today.
Network Dynamic for Experimental Learning Cycle and Innovation Process: A Conceptual Model
Authors: Zhu Siwei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study develops a conceptual model of network dynamics on innovation by integrating observations and insights from a world-leading innovation company with concepts and theories from the relevant literature. This study first defines the two stages of the innovation process – early-stage and late-stage and unpacks two types of network activities – knowledge networks and social networks. This work then suggests that the experimental learning cycle with failures spontaneously stimulates network activities to become cognitively activated in the innovation process and incorporates six testable propositions. This study illuminates the idea of Learning by Networking and demonstrates that inventors constitute the reality about what knowledge involves and which people act and intentionally create network dynamics for each task, thus merging these streams as a sequential phenomenon.
Reflection on Wolf Schmid's Narratological Model and Historical Narrative
Authors: Šuch Juraj , Jančovič Ivan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This contribution responds to the ongoing discussion about the narrativity of history and looks at some differences between fictive and historical narrative. The objective of this contribution is to further elaborate on the ideas of narrative transformations developed by Wolf Schmid, focusing particularly on historical narratives. The authors see differences between both kinds of narrative, especially on the level of reference (which is in line with the views of D. Cohn, P. Ricouer and L. Doležel). The problem of fiction and reference is illustrated by Schmid's four tiered narratological model, especially on the level of happening. In fiction, this tier (of happening) is inferred backwards based on the presentation of the narration. This tier is positioned (excluded in absentia) so the elements of the narrative can be selected. In historical narrative happening has a different status and precedes both the story and the text. Although the shape of the past is related to the presentation of the narrative, it is not determined by nor reduced to it. The authors of this contribution describe the specific character and aspects of narrative transformation in the writing process.
Ideological Struggle in Social Processes Through the Lens of Héctor P. Agosti's Political Thinking
Authors: Dinušová Dominika 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The study focuses on the theoretical underpinnings of the ideological struggle in social processes as seen through the lens of the Argentinian philosopher Héctor P. Agosti's political philosophy. It discusses the impact of Agosti's interpretation of ideology in social struggle the usefulness of his conclusions for later practical developments in Latin America. The aim of the study is to describe the key aspects of Agosti's view of culture and ideology and to identify specific features of his approach with a view to determining how and to what extent Agosti's political thought contributed to subsequent theories and practice. The following aspects are analysed: understanding culture as a contradictory process in dynamic social development, the role of the intellectual in the social struggle for ideological hegemony and specific features of Agosti's approach to developments in revolutionary thought in revolutionary thought in the Latin America.
An Exploration of Women’s Social Position in Primary and Middle School Textbooks in Pakistan
Authors: Alam Jan , Badshah Ikram 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Textbooks play a strong part in constructing gender roles and status in society. Thus, the images, lessons, and stories of gender portrayed in textbooks affect the perception of prevalent masculine behavior. To develop an insight into the phenomena, this article analyzes the institutionalized patriarchy and patriarchal values embedded in the Urdu and English National Book Foundation textbooks for grades 5, 6, and 7. The study used content analysis techniques to decode the tone, juggling of meanings, pictorial representation, topic selection, word selection, number of pages devoted to each topic, and gender placement of Urdu and Social Studies textbooks. The study explored whether women are portrayed as followers of men and men as having a leadership role. The mother is predominantly presented as a housewife who stays at home, cleaning and cooking all day. While the father goes to work every day and comes home and relaxes after a hard day’s work. Such placement of gendered roles has an effect on the thinking of young students and they internalize the idea that such roles are a natural part of their personality. Moreover, the books reflect a reality which is more male-oriented, while female representations are lacking in the dominant reality.