bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bullous pemphigoid diagnosis: the role of routine formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded skin tissue immunochemistry
Authors: Oh Harim , Kim Chul Hwan , Lee Yoo Jin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe gold standard for diagnosing bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the detection of linear deposition of IgG and/or C3 at the dermoepidermal junction using direct immunofluorescence (DIF). Because DIF has several disadvantages, primarily the requirement for frozen specimens, we assessed the diagnostic value of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for BP detection. Eighty-eight patients with bullous lesions were included in this study. IHC staining for C3d, C4d, and IgG was performed on 88 samples, which included specimens from patients with DIF-confirmed BP (n = 43), clinicopathologically suspected BP with negative DIF results (n = 9), and other bullous diseases (n = 36). Diagnosis based on positive results for C3d, C4d, or IgG in IHC staining detected 86% of DIF-confirmed BP cases. The sensitivity of IHC staining for the detection of DIF-confirmed BP cases and clinicopathologically suspected BP cases was similar to that of DIF (80.8% vs. 84.3%), but the specificity was higher (83.3% vs. 75.0%). Five of the nine clinicopathologically suspected BP cases were diagnosed using IHC staining. Thus, IHC staining of routine biopsy material could be an alternative method for diagnosing BP. IHC staining has considerable diagnostic potential, especially in cases with a high suspicion of BP, but negative or suboptimal DIF results.Please check and confirm the author names and initials are correct. Author 2: Given name: [Chul Hwan] Family name: [Kim], Author 3: Given name: [Yoo Jin] Family name: [Lee].Checked it.
On‐load tap‐changer fault mode recognition based on the singular value of Hilbert energy spectrum time‐frequency matrix and spectrum entropy
Authors: Geng Jianghai , Zhang Zikang , Wang Xinyu , Gao Shuguo , Wang Ping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo solve the difficulty of eigenvalue extraction of on‐load tap‐changer (OLTC) vibration signals, an eigenvalue extraction method of time‐frequency matrix based on Hilbert energy spectrum and spectral entropy is proposed in this study. By optimizing the Hilbert‐Huang transform (HHT) algorithm, the Hilbert energy spectrum of the vibration signal based on the time‐frequency distribution is obtained. The spectrum entropy of Hilbert energy spectrum was extracted to characterize the chaotic degree of vibration signal energy distribution, and avoided the problem of inaccurate feature quantity such as similarity due to the minute time difference during signal acquisition. A new time‐frequency matrix was constructed by frequency band division and singular value decomposition (SVD) was carried out. The singular value vector obtained contains the time, frequency and energy information, such as vibration frequency distribution and time‐frequency plane energy distribution, which represent the essential features of the original signal. The mechanical states of OLTC were characterized by Hilbert spectrum entropy and singular value. The features of the measured signals under the three typical faults of the driving mechanism are input into the intelligent multi‐classification support vector machine (DAG‐SVM) for pattern classification. The results show that this method can accurately identify the mechanical state of OLTC, and has practical application significance.
Performance improvement of a three‐phase PLL under distorted grid conditions based on frequency adaptive hybrid pre‐filtering
Authors: Wang Zhenshang , Fu Peng , Huang Liansheng , Chen Xiaojiao , He Shiying , Zhang Xiuqing , Yang Jian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe phase‐locked loop (PLL) is widely used for grid synchronization in converter control. The moving‐average filter (MAF)‐based PLL has recently attracted considerable attention. However, the response time is drastically increased due to the MAF's large window width, determined by the lowest harmonics. Furthermore, the filtering performance of MAF is affected by frequency fluctuation. This paper presents an improved PLL with a hybrid pre‐filtering, frequency‐adaptive MAF‐based PLL (FAMAF‐PLL), ingeniously cascading the MAF and the dual‐second‐order generalized integrator frequency‐locked loop (DSOGI‐FLL). The DSOGI‐FLL measures the frequency and filters out the lowest harmonics caused by the three‐phase imbalance. Thus, the delay time of MAF is reduced by narrowing the window width, and the filtering performance of the MAF is greatly improved through frequency adaptation based on the DSOGI‐FLL. The proposed FAMAF‐PLL significantly enhances the performance and accelerates the dynamic response compared with MAF‐PLL. Experiments were carried out to validate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.
A modular isolated battery‐integrated multiport step‐up DC–DC converter for hybrid energy applications
Authors: Mahmoodieh Mir Esmaeel Seyed , Babaei Ebrahim , Sabahi Mehran 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a modular isolated battery‐integrated multiport step‐up dc–dc converter is designed for simultaneous energy transfer from multiple renewable energy sources (RESs) to a load. The proposed converter offers a plug‐and‐play capability of input sources where each input can be connected to and disconnected from the converter. The power generation shortage/surplus can be managed by a battery inserted into a bidirectional port. Also, charging/discharging durations of battery are independent of switching duty ratios for input sources. In the presented converter, inputs are connected in parallel with a common ground through individual step‐up dc–dc cells while outputs are connected in series with voltage doubler rectifiers (VDRs) to achieve higher voltage gains and lower voltage stress on output capacitors. Moreover, the leakage inductances of the isolated transformers with dc blocking capacitors provide quasi‐resonant operation to alleviate high turn‐off currents of switches and hard‐switching in VDR diodes. Due to interactions of converter control loops, a MIMO closed‐loop control system is designed to regulate the output voltage and output power of input sources at references. The simulation and experimental results obtained for three inputs verify performance of the developed converter in different modes.
Stochastic assessment of frequency support from wind power plants for power system with high wind penetration using correlation between wind farms
Authors: Yoo Yeuntae , Jang Gilsoo , Jung Seungmin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe increase of renewable energy use in a power generation decreases the flexibility of power supply. The intermittent and variable nature of renewable resources necessitates the use of a transmission system operator to prepare reserve generating power in case of power imbalance. Unfortunately, the generation and reserve margins of renewable energy generators are often insufficient. To ensure a balanced and resilient power system, surplus power generation from renewable resources must provide frequency support with the essential number of synchronous generators being remained in the network. Assessment of the amount of frequency support power from wind farm became available through forecast and real‐time operation planning. However, the exact amount of back‐up power that expected to be provided by individual wind farm can be barely determined due to the uncertainty and variation of renewable resources generation. A stochastic method for assessing the required frequency support operation of specific wind power plants is thus proposed in this paper. The stochastic correlation characteristics between a single wind farm and power system stability are applied in this method. The essential metrics for deloading operation and inertia response are calculated using the stochastic correlation model based on copula function.
Thromboembolic Complications in COVID-19 Patients Hospitalized in Italian Ordinary Wards: Data from the Multicenter Observational START-COVID Register
Authors: Poli Daniela , Antonucci Emilia , Ageno Walter , Prandoni Paolo , Barillari Giovanni , Bitti Giuseppina , Imbalzano Egidio , Bucherini Eugenio , Chistolini Antonio , Fregoni Vittorio , Galliazzo Silvia , Gandolfo Alberto , Grifoni Elisa , Mastroianni Franco , Panarello Serena , Pesavento Raffaele , Pedrini Simona , Sala Girolamo , Pignatelli Pasquale , Preti Paola , Simonetti Federico , Sivera Piera , Visonà Adriana , Villalta Sabina , Marcucci Rossella , Palareti Gualtiero 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection causes acute respiratory insufficiency with severe interstitial pneumonia and extrapulmonary complications; in particular, it may predispose to thromboembolic disease. The reported incidence of thromboembolic complications varies from 5 to 30% of cases.
Aim We conducted a multicenter, Italian, retrospective, observational study on COVID-19 patients admitted to ordinary wards, to describe the clinical characteristics of patients at admission and bleeding and thrombotic events occurring during the hospital stay.
Results The number of hospitalized patients included in the START-COVID-19 Register was 1,135, and the number of hospitalized patients in ordinary wards included in the study was 1,091, with 653 (59.9%) being males and 71 years (interquartile range 59–82 years) being the median age. During the observation, two (0.2%) patients had acute coronary syndrome episodes and one patient (0.1%) had an ischemic stroke; no other arterial thrombotic events were recorded. Fifty-nine patients had symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) (5.4%) events, 18 (30.5%) deep vein thrombosis (DVT), 39 (66.1%) pulmonary embolism (PE), and 2 (3.4%) DVT+PE. Among patients with DVT, eight (44.4%) were isolated distal DVT and two cases were jugular thrombosis. Among patients with PE, seven (17.9%) events were limited to subsegmental arteries. No fatal PE was recorded. Major bleeding events occurred in nine (1.2%) patients and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding events in nine (1.2%) patients. All bleeding events occurred among patients receiving thromboprophylaxis, more frequently when treated with subtherapeutic or therapeutic dosages.
Conclusion Our findings confirm that patients admitted to ordinary wards for COVID-19 infection are at high risk for thromboembolic events. VTE recorded among these patients is mainly isolated PE, suggesting a peculiar characteristic of VTE in these patients.
N-Glycosylation Deficiency Reduces the Activation of Protein C and Disrupts Endothelial Barrier Integrity
Authors: Pascreau Tiffany , Saller François , Bianchini Elsa P. , Lasne Dominique , Bruneel Arnaud , Reperant Christelle , Foulquier François , Denis Cécile V. , De Lonlay Pascale , Borgel Delphine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPhosphomannomutase 2 (PMM2) deficiency is the most prevalent congenital disorder of glycosylation. It is associated with coagulopathy, including protein C deficiency. Since all components of the anticoagulant and cytoprotective protein C system are glycosylated, we sought to investigate the impact of an N-glycosylation deficiency on this system as a whole. To this end, we developed a PMM2 knockdown model in the brain endothelial cell line hCMEC/D3. The resulting PMM2low cells were less able to generate activated protein C (APC), due to lower surface expression of thrombomodulin and endothelial protein C receptor. The low protein levels were due to downregulated transcription of the corresponding genes (THBD and PROCR, respectively), which itself was related to downregulation of transcription regulators Krüppel-like factors 2 and 4 and forkhead box C2. PMM2 knockdown was also associated with impaired integrity of the endothelial cell monolayer—partly due to an alteration in the structure of VE-cadherin in adherens junctions. The expression of protease-activated receptor 1 (involved in the cytoprotective effects of APC on the endothelium) was not affected by PMM2 knockdown. Thrombin stimulation induced hyperpermeability in PMM2low cells. However, pretreatment of cells with APC before thrombin simulation was still associated with a barrier-protecting effect. Taken as a whole, our results show that the partial loss of PMM2 in hCMEC/D3 cells is associated with impaired activation of protein C and a relative increase in barrier permeability.
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Thromboprophylaxis with Heparins Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Chi Gerald , Lee Jane J. , Sheng Shi , Marszalek Jolanta , Chuang Michael L. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background The efficacy and safety of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains unclear.
Methods A literature search was performed to collect studies comparing the effect of thromboprophylaxis in patients with ICH. The primary endpoints were deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), and hematoma expansion or rebleeding. A meta-analytic approach was employed to estimate the relative risk (RR) by fitting fixed-effects (FE) and random-effects (RE) models.
Results A total of 28 studies representing 3,697 hospitalized patients with ICH were included. Thromboprophylaxis was initiated within 4 days following hospital presentation and continued for 10 to 14 days in most of studies. Compared with control, thromboprophylaxis was associated with a reduced risk of DVT (47/1,399 [3.4%] vs. 202/1,377 [14.7%]; FE: RR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.18–0.32; RE: RR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.19–0.39) as well as PE (9/953 [0.9%] vs. 37/864 [4.3%]; FE: RR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.19–0.57; RE: RR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.21–0.66). Thromboprophylaxis was not associated with increased risk of hematoma expansion or rebleeding (32/1,319 [2.4%] vs. 37/1,301 [2.8%]; FE: RR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.48–1.18; RE: RR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.49–1.30) or mortality (117/925 [12.6%] vs. 139/904 [15.4%]; FE: RR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.65–1.03; RE: RR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.66–1.04).
Conclusion Thromboprophylaxis was effective in preventing DVT and PE without increasing the risk of hematoma expansion or bleeding among ICH patients. Future studies should explore the long-term effects of thromboprophylaxis in this population, particularly on the functional outcomes.
Type-2 Neurofibromatosis Patient with Parasagittal Meningioma: A Challenging Airway
Authors: Depuru Aparna , Barik Amiya K. , Jangra Kiran , Panda Nidhi B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe anesthetic management of a type-2 neurofibromatosis patient with a difficult airway is quite challenging. Such a situation tests the limits of the anesthesiologist's preparedness in maintaining the balance of the cerebral protection strategies and securing the airway. The anticipated challenges include managing the airway, controlling the raised intracranial pressure, and maintaining stable hemodynamics in anticipation of the expected blood loss. This article focuses on the preoperative airway evaluation and intraoperative preparedness in case of a patient with type-2 neurofibromatosis scheduled for craniotomy and excision of intracranial meningioma.
DNA Methylation and Ischemic Stroke Risk: An Epigenome-Wide Association Study
Authors: Cullell Natalia , Soriano-Tárraga Carolina , Gallego-Fábrega Cristina , Cárcel-Márquez Jara , Torres-Águila Nuria P. , Muiño Elena , Lledós Miquel , Llucià-Carol Laia , Esteller Manel , Castro de Moura Manuel , Montaner Joan , Fernández-Sanlés Alba , Elosua Roberto , Delgado Pilar , Martí-Fábregas Joan , Krupinski Jerzy , Roquer Jaume , Jiménez-Conde Jordi , Fernández-Cadenas Israel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground Ischemic stroke (IS) risk heritability is partly explained by genetics. Other heritable factors, such as epigenetics, could explain an unknown proportion of the IS risk. The objective of this study is to evaluate DNA methylation association with IS using epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS).Methods We performed a two-stage EWAS comprising 1,156 subjects. Differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were assessed using the Infinium 450K and EPIC BeadChip in the discovery cohort (252 IS and 43 controls). Significant DMPs were replicated in an independent cohort (618 IS and 243 controls). Stroke subtype associations were also evaluated. Differentially methylated cell-type (DMCT) was analyzed in the replicated CpG sites using EpiDISH. We additionally performed pathway enrichment analysis and causality analysis with Mendelian randomization for the replicated CpG sites.Results A total of 957 CpG sites were epigenome-wide-significant (p ≤ 10−7) in the discovery cohort, being CpG sites in the top signals (logFC = 0.058, p = 2.35 × 10−22; logFC = 0.035, p = 3.22 × 10−22, respectively). ZFHX3 and MAP3K1 were among the most significant DMRs. In addition, 697 CpG sites were replicated considering Bonferroni-corrected p-values (p < 5.22 × 10−5). All the replicated DMPs were associated with risk of cardioembolic, atherothrombotic, and undetermined stroke. The DMCT analysis demonstrated that the significant associations were driven by natural killer cells. The pathway enrichment analysis showed overrepresentation of genes belonging to certain pathways including oxidative stress. ZFHX3 and MAP3K1 methylation was causally associated with specific stroke-subtype risk.Conclusion Specific DNA methylation pattern is causally associated with IS risk. These results could be useful for specifically predicting stroke occurrence and could potentially be evaluated as therapeutic targets.
Standard Document Development for Health Information Exchange in Korea
Authors: Jung Sungwon , Bae Sungchul , Seong Donghyeong , Yi Byoung-Kee 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Health information exchange (HIE) allows healthcare providers to access a patient's medical information to improve patient care continuity. The standardized data realize the HIE values. Since the Health Level 7 Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) is flexible, implementation guides (IG) are needed for use cases. Although many CDA IGs have been developed, they did not describe how these CDA IGs were developed. A national CDA IG that meets the local requirements is demanded since the data differs according to the digital divide and social–cultural background of the country that wants to establish HIE. Due to their localized contents, other countries cannot directly adopt the published CDA IGs.
Objectives We developed the national CDA IG, namely, Korean (K)-CDA IG that meets the local requirement, including reusable structured templates, value sets, and object identifiers (OIDs). We present a detailed description of the development process and the technical methods of the national CDA IG in the Korean context.
Methods The K-CDA IG was developed in the following stages: analysis, development, and evaluation. First, we investigated the health information environment and electronic health record (EHR) systems and conducted a gap analysis with published CDA IGs. Second, a templated CDA approach was taken for designing modular. Lastly, we consulted a technical advisory group for comments on the validity of the K-CDA IG.
Results A total of 35 CDA templates were developed. We improved 28 value sets of which 13 were Korea specific and 15 were based on the ones used in other IGs, and made a set of rules to establish the OID structure.
Conclusion We presented the development process and the technical specifications of K-CDA IG. We explored how the results can be used as interoperability criteria in the national EHR systems certification program. Finally, we provided recommendations that could guide other entities planning their HIE programs.
Team-Based Learning in Medical Colleges: Need, Scope, and the Potential Factors for Successful Implementation
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh R. , Shrivastava Prateek S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOwing to the rapid advancements in the field of medicine, it is a major challenge for the medical educators to prepare the medical students to be ready and competent in their future clinical practice. It is a must that the medical students should not only be knowledgeable and skilled but also acquire the trait of being a lifelong learner. The adoption of team-based learning is an effective teaching-learning strategy to prepare the medical students for all the above roles, as it envisages working in teams to resolve the clinical-practice-related issues. In conclusion, team-based learning is an effective teaching-learning method that advocates practical application of the learned knowledge and encourages teamwork for the resolution of medical problems. However, successful implementation of team-based learning in a medical college is dependent upon the support from administrators, faculty members, and active participation of the medical students.
A new improved regularity criterion of solutions to Leray-𝛼-MHD model and Navier-Stokes equation
Authors: Wu Jiayan , Zhang Ting 
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we obtain the

n
n

th-logarithmically improved regularity criterion of smooth solutions for the incompressible Leray-

α
\alpha

-MHD model in terms of the magnetic field

B
B

. Meanwhile, the new logarithmically improved regularity criterion for the 3D Navier-Stokes equation in terms of the pressure

π
\pi

and gradient of velocity

∇
u

\nabla u

can also be established. Especially, we explore a new logarithmically improved Serrin’s criterion for the 3D Navier-Stokes equations, which improves the results of Lei and Zhou [Commn. Pure Appl. Anal. 12 (2013), pp. 2715–2719].