bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do nonprofit organizations (NPOs) effectively engage with the public on social media? Examining the effects of interactivity and emotion on Twitter
Authors: Zhang Yafei , Dong Chuqing , Cheng Yuan 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThis study seeks to understand the communication factors associated with effective social media for nonprofit organizations (NPOs). Specifically, the study investigated how interactive and emotional communication strategies influence public engagement in different ways, and how the effects differ by service-oriented and other types of NPOs.Design/methodology/approachUsing computer-assisted textual and emotional analyses, the authors examined the functional interactivity, contingency interactivity and emotion elements of 301,559 tweets from the 100 largest US nonprofits. Negative binomial regression was applied to test the relationships among these elements and public engagement on Twitter (i.e. likes and retweets).FindingsFindings revealed negative effects of functional interactivity on likes, negative effects of contingency interactivity on likes and retweets but a positive effect of functional interactivity on retweets. The findings also showed negative effects of emotion valence on likes and retweets but positive effects of emotion strength on likes and retweets. There were varying effects of interactivity and emotion on public engagement for service-oriented and other types of NPOs.Originality/valueThis study advances the nonprofit social media scholarship in several ways. First, this study suggests a clear yet largely ignored distinction in the effects of functional and contingency interactivity on public engagement. Second, this study is an early attempt to examine the role and impact of emotion elements in nonprofit social media success without downplaying the role of interactivity. Third, this study is one of the earliest attempts to include interaction effects for different types of NPOs. Last, this study contributes to the organizational social media use research by demonstrating the benefits of computer-assisted approaches in processing text data on social media. From a practical perspective, this study provides strategic guidelines for NPOs to design effective communication contents and improve their public engagement on social media.
Exoskeletons: a review of recent progress
Authors: Bogue Robert 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to provide an insight into recent developments in the robotic exoskeleton business by considering research, corporate activities, products and emerging applications.

Design/methodology/approach
Following a short introduction, this first provides examples of exoskeleton research involving artificial intelligence (AI). It then identifies recent market entrants and their products and discusses emerging industrial applications. Finally, conclusions are drawn.

Findings
The exoskeleton business is in a highly dynamic state. A research effort involving AI techniques seeks to impart exoskeletons with greatly enhanced capabilities, particularly in clinical applications. Many new companies have been established during the past decade, and several are exploiting academic research. The majority are targeting applications in the clinical market. The industrial sector is viewed as a key growth area, but applications remain limited, although some exist for robotic gloves, upper-body, waist and lower-body devices in the logistics, construction, automotive and other industries. Industrial applications for full-body exoskeleton are yet to progress beyond the trial stage.

Originality/value
This provides details of recent academic and corporate developments and emerging industrial applications in the robotic exoskeleton business.
Catalyzing resource recombination in higher education through potential building and value realizing capabilities
Authors: Muneeb Dilnaz , Aslam Haris , Abdalla Shahira , Hayat Naeem , Ahmad Syed Zamberi 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to examine internal market orientation (IMO), potential building capabilities and value realizing capabilities, i.e. dynamic capabilities (DC) as an antecedent of resource recombination in higher education institutions of the United Arab Emirates.

Design/methodology/approach
Data was collected from 349 faculty members and analyzed using the covariance-based structural equation modeling technique.

Findings
Results did not support a direct relationship between IMO and resource recombination. However, results did provide support for IMO’s significant impact on potential building and value realizing capabilities. The impact of potential building capabilities on resource recombination was partially supported, whereas the impact of value realizing capabilities on resource recombination was fully supported.

Practical implications
This study provides guidelines for the higher education managers, especially for the strategic management of its resources. The study also provides a basis for improving internal market policies to remain abreast of DC to succeed in the market. Most significantly, the findings of the study offer guidance toward effective resource planning and innovative management practices.

Originality/value
This study identifies the essential resources and capabilities framework that guides firms to modify their capabilities in the face of changing environment.
Spider webs as eDNA samplers: Biodiversity assessment across the tree of life
Authors: Gregorič Matjaž , Kutnjak Denis , Bačnik Katarina , Gostinčar Cene , Pecman Anja , Ravnikar Maja , Kuntner Matjaž 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe concept of environmental DNA (eDNA) utilizes nucleic acids of organisms directly from the environment. Recent breakthrough studies have successfully detected a wide spectrum of prokaryotic and eukaryotic eDNA from a variety of environments, ranging from ancient to modern, and from terrestrial to aquatic. With their diversity and ubiquity in nature, spider webs might act as powerful biofilters and could thus represent a promising new source of eDNA, but their utility under natural field conditions is severely understudied. Here, we bridge this knowledge gap to establish spider webs as a source of eDNA with far reaching implications. First, we conducted a field study to track specific arthropod targets from different spider webs. We then used high‐throughput amplicon sequencing of taxonomic barcodes to investigate the utility of spider web eDNA for biodiversity monitoring of animals, fungi and bacteria. Our results show that genetic remains on spider webs allow the detection of even the smallest target organisms. We also demonstrate that eDNA from spider webs is useful in research of community compositions across the different domains of life, with potentially highly detailed temporal and spatial information.
Comparing genome‐based estimates of relatedness for use in pedigree‐based conservation management
Authors: Hauser Samantha S. , Galla Stephanie J. , Putnam Andrea S. , Steeves Tammy E. , Latch Emily K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractResearchers have long debated which estimator of relatedness best captures the degree of relationship between two individuals. In the genomics era, this debate continues, with relatedness estimates being sensitive to the methods used to generate markers, marker quality, and levels of diversity in sampled individuals. Here, we compare six commonly used genome‐based relatedness estimators (kinship genetic distance [KGD], Wang maximum likelihood [TrioML], Queller and Goodnight [Rxy], Kinship INference for Genome‐wide association studies [KING‐robust), and pairwise relatedness [RAB], allele‐sharing coancestry [AS]) across five species bred in captivity–including three birds and two mammals–with varying degrees of reliable pedigree data, using reduced‐representation and whole genome resequencing data. Genome‐based relatedness estimates varied widely across estimators, sequencing methods, and species, yet the most consistent results for known first order relationships were found using Rxy, RAB, and AS. However, AS was found to be less consistently correlated with known pedigree relatedness than either Rxy or RAB. Our combined results indicate there is not a single genome‐based estimator that is ideal across different species and data types. To determine the most appropriate genome‐based relatedness estimator for each new data set, we recommend assessing the relative: (1) correlation of candidate estimators with known relationships in the pedigree and (2) precision of candidate estimators with known first‐order relationships. These recommendations are broadly applicable to conservation breeding programmes, particularly where genome‐based estimates of relatedness can complement and complete poorly pedigreed populations. Given a growing interest in the application of wild pedigrees, our results are also applicable to in situ wildlife management.
Sinorhizobium meliloti ohrR genes affect symbiotic performance with alfalfa (Medicago sativa)
Authors: Zhang Lanya , Li Ningning , Wang Yawen , Zheng Wenjia , Shan Dandan , Yu Liangliang , Luo Li 
Published: May 2022

SummarySinorhizobium meliloti infects the host plant alfalfa to induce formation of nitrogen‐fixation root nodules, which inevitably elicit reactive oxygen species (ROS) bursts and organic peroxide generation. The MarR family regulator OhrR regulates the expression of chloroperoxidase and organic hydrogen resistance protein, which scavenge organic peroxides in free‐living S. meliloti cells. The single mutant of ohrR genes SMc01945 (ohrR1) and SMc00098 (ohrR2) lacked symbiotic phenotypes. In this work, we identified the novel ohrR gene SMa2020 (ohrR3) and determined that ohrR genes are important for rhizobial infection, nodulation and nitrogen fixation with alfalfa. By analysing the phenotypes of the single, double and triple deletion mutants of ohrR genes, we demonstrate that ohrR1 and ohrR3 slightly affect rhizobial growth, but ohrR2 and ohrR3 influence cellular resistance to the organic peroxide, tert‐butyl hydroperoxide. Deletion of ohrR1 and ohrR3 negatively affected infection thread formation and nodulation, and consequently, plant growth. Correspondingly, the expression of the ROS detoxification genes katA and sodB as well as that of the nitrogenase gene nifH was downregulated in bacteroids of the double and triple deletion mutants, which may underlie the symbiotic defects of these mutants. These findings demonstrate that OhrR proteins play a role in the S. meliloti‐alfalfa symbiosis.
Continuous on‐board behaviour classification using accelerometry: A case study with a new GPS‐3G‐Bluetooth system in Pacific black ducks
Authors: Yu Hui , Deng Jian , Leen Trent , Li Guozheng , Klaassen Marcel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Over the past two decades, accelerometer (ACC) data have been increasingly used to study animal behaviours and energetics. However, the large amount of raw ACC data can be a burden to device storage and power consumption and in many cases may also require device retrieval for data collection. On‐board data processing to reduce data volume and power consumption for data transmission may hold promise to alleviate these problems and allow for next‐generation, smart trackers.

We developed a tracking system processing raw ACC data on‐board of trackers into behaviours using an XGBoost machine learning model. We used this system on six free‐ranging Pacific black ducks Anas superciliosa to study eight behaviours every 2 s.

The on‐board XGBoost model for behaviour classification had 92.04% overall accuracy. One day of continuous behaviour records was compressed on‐board to as little as 17.28 kB for routine transmission via the 3G network. We received behaviour data from the six ducks continuously for periods ranging between 56 days and 14 months.

On‐board processing of raw ACC data and data transmission proofed highly energy efficient and came at a minimal weight cost to the trackers, providing great potential to open up new areas in ecological and behavioural research.
A UK consensus algorithm for early treatment modification in newly diagnosed systemic light‐chain amyloidosis
Authors: Ravichandran Sriram , Mahmood Shameem , Wisniowski Brenden , Sachchithanantham Sajitha , Popat Rakesh , Lachmann Helen , Rabin Neil , Ramasamy Karthik , Hawkins Stephen , Kyriakou Charalampia , Gillmore Julian , Yong Kwee , Hawkins Philip , Jackson Graham , Pratt Guy , D. Wechalekar Ashutosh 
Published: May 2022

SummaryDepth of response is the critical determinant of prognosis in amyloid light‐chain (AL) amyloidosis. Here, we aim to identify patients who are unlikely to improve response based on analysis of baseline characteristics and 1‐month response. In a multivariate model, difference in involved amyloidogenic and uninvolved serum free light chains (dFLC) at diagnosis (dFLC >400 mg/l, odds ratio [OR] 4.051, p < 0.005) and no response at 1 month (OR 4.787, p < 0.005) were significant predictors of no improvement in response. Only 5% of patients with a dFLC of >400 mg/l and no response at 1 month improved their response (p < 0.005). We suggest that these patients should switch treatment early, subject to their functional status.
Genetic clinicians' confidence in BOADICEA comprehensive breast cancer risk estimates and counselees' psychosocial outcomes: A prospective study
Authors: Brédart Anne , De Pauw Antoine , Tüchler Anja , Lakeman Inge M. M. , Anota Amélie , Rhiem Kerstin , Schmutzler Rita , van Asperen Christi J. , Devilee Peter , Stoppa‐Lyonnet Dominique , Kop Jean‐Luc , Dolbeault Sylvie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCounseling for familial breast cancer focuses on communicating the gene test result (GENE) to counselees, but risk prediction models have become more complex by including non‐genetic risk factors (NGRF) and polygenic risk scores (PRS). We examined genetic clinicians' confidence in counseling and counselees' psychosocial outcomes, using the BOADICEA risk prediction tool with different categories of risk factors as input. A prospective observational study in Dutch, French and German genetic clinics was performed including 22 clinicians, and 406 of 460 (88.3%) eligible cancer‐unaffected women at high breast cancer risk assessed at pre‐test and 350 (76.1%) at post‐test. We performed multilevel analyses accounting for the clinician, and counselees' characteristics. Overall, risk estimates category by GENE versus GENE+ NGRF, or GENE+NGRF+PRS differed in 11% and 25% of counselees, respectively. In multilevel analyses, clinicians felt less confident in counseling when the full model provided lower breast cancer risks than GENE (i.e., in 8% of cases). Older counselees expressed higher breast cancer risk perception and worries about the hereditary predisposition when the full model provided higher breast cancer risks than GENE only. Genetic clinicians appear confident with breast cancer risk comprehensive models, which seem only to affect perceptions of older counselees.
Feasibility of face mask spirometry during decannulation in head and neck surgery: Prospective cohort study
Authors: Sánchez‐Guerrero José Antonio , Cebrià i Iranzo Maria Àngels , Ferrer‐Sargues Francisco José , Périé Sophie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo analyse the relationship between spirometric parameters measured with a face mask versus a mouthpiece, as well as the feasibility of face mask spirometric evaluation in a head and neck surgery (HNS) decannulation context. Furthermore, we examine peak inspiratory flow (PIF) cut‐off values before and after decannulation.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingOtolaryngology HNS Department of a university teaching hospital.ParticipantsTwenty‐four patients were selected. A maximal flow‐volume loop was conducted before (with mouthpiece) and after (with mouthpiece and face mask) decannulation.Main outcome measuresRecorded outcomes were forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second, peak expiratory flow, PIF, forced expiratory flow at 50% of FVC and forced inspiratory flow at 50% of FVC. Spearman correlation coefficients between spirometric parameters measured with a face mask versus a mouthpiece were calculated. Wilcoxon test was used to check differences between mouthpiece and face mask values.ResultsCorrelation between mouthpiece and face mask spirometric values was moderate to high (r = 0.46–0.95). All parameters measured by spirometry were significantly lower with a face mask than those obtained with a mouthpiece (p < 0.05). Before decannulation, the lowest PIF value (tested with mouthpiece) that allowed successful decannulation was 1 L/s. After decannulation, the lowest PIF value tested with mouthpiece and face mask for successful completion of the decannulation process were 0.77 and 0.56 L/s, respectively.ConclusionFace mask is a feasible option to perform a spirometry when face diseases hinder spirometric evaluation through a mouthpiece in an HNC surgery context.
CDK5RAP3, an essential regulator of checkpoint, interacts with RPL26 and maintains the stability of cell growth
Authors: Yan Hongchen , Xu Jun‐jie , Ali Ilyas , Zhang Wei , Jiang Ming , Li Guiping , Teng Yong , Zhu Guangxun , Cai Yafei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurpose and MaterialsCDK5RAP3 (CDK5 regulatory subunit associated protein 3) was originally identified as a binding protein of CDK5. It is a crucial gene controlling biological functions, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis. Although previous studies have also shown that CDK5RAP3 is involved in a variety of signalling pathways, however, the mechanism of CDK5RAP3 remains largely undefined. This study utilized MEFs from conditional knockout mice to inhibit CDK5RAP3 and knockdown CDK5RAP3 in MCF7 to explore the role of CDK5RAP3 in cell growth, mitosis, and cell death.ResultsCDK5RAP3 was found to be widely distributed throughout the centrosome, spindle, and endoplasmic reticulum, indicating that it is involved in regulating a variety of cellular activities. CDK5RAP3 deficiency resulted in instability of cell growth. CDK5RAP3 deficiency partly blocks the cell cycle in G2/M by downregulating CDK1 (Cyclin‐dependent kinase 1) and CCNB1 (Cyclin B1) expression levels. The cell proliferation rate was decreased, thereby slowing down the cell growth rate. Furthermore, the results showed that CDK5RAP3 interacts with RPL26 (ribosome protein L26) to regulate the mTOR pathway. CDK5RAP3 and RPL26 deficiency inhibited mTOR/p‐mTOR protein and induce autophagy, resulting in an upregulation of the percentage of apoptosis, and the upregulated percentage of apoptosis also slowed cell growth.ConclusionsOur experiments show that CDK5RAP3 interacts with RPL26 and maintains the stability of cell growth. It shows that CDK5RAP3 plays an important role in cell growth and can be used as the target of gene medicine.
Effect of dental trauma management resources on dental practitioners' confidence and knowledge: A pilot cross‐sectional study
Authors: Matoug‐Elwerfelli Manal , Sim Yu Fan , Alghutaimel Hayat , Almohareb Rahaf , Al‐Abdulla Jamal , Al‐Kandari Jarrah , Shahda Mohamad , El Shahawy Osama , Bacho Riad , Al Harrasi Sharifa , Twati Wageh , Duggal Monty , Nazzal Hani , Tong Huei Jinn 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground/AimThe knowledge of standardized care guidelines is critical to the confidence of practitioners in managing dental trauma. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the awareness, use and impact of the International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines, and the online Dental Trauma Guide on general dental practitioners' self‐reported confidence and knowledge in managing traumatic dental injuries in the primary and permanent dentitions.Materials and MethodsA cross‐sectional, pre‐piloted, 27‐item self‐administered questionnaire survey was distributed electronically to general dental practitioners' working within five member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council countries (Kingdom of Bahrain, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, and Qatar) between September and December 2020. Data were collected and analysed using descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test analysis for relevant comparisons.ResultsA total of 294 respondents completed the survey, with the majority being from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (47.4%) and Qatar (27.3%). A lack of evidence‐based knowledge in managing traumatic dental injuries was evident among more than half of the respondents. Respondents who were cognizant of the recent International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines (2020) and those who use the Dental Trauma Guide routinely demonstrated a higher self‐reported confidence level in managing both simple and complex primary dentition trauma, as well as simple traumatic dental injuries in the permanent dentition (p < .05).ConclusionThis survey highlights critical deficiencies in the knowledge of a large number of the respondents in the management of dental trauma which is likely to cause irreversible long‐term patient effects.
Brief sensory deprivation triggers plasticity of dopamine‐synthesising enzyme expression in genetically labelled olfactory bulb dopaminergic neurons
Authors: Byrne Darren J. , Lipovsek Marcela , Crespo Andres , Grubb Matthew S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb, local dopaminergic interneurons play a key role in regulating the flow of sensory information from nose to cortex. These dual dopamine‐ and GABA‐releasing cells are capable of marked experience‐dependent changes in the expression of neurotransmitter‐synthesising enzymes, including tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). However, such plasticity has most commonly been studied in cell populations identified by their expression of the enzyme being studied and after long periods of sensory deprivation. Here, instead, we used brief 1‐ or 3‐day manipulations of olfactory experience in juvenile mice, coupled with a conditional genetic approach that labelled neurons contingent upon their expression of the dopamine transporter (DAT‐tdTomato). This enabled us to evaluate the potential for rapid changes in neurotransmitter‐synthesising enzyme expression in an independently identified neuronal population. Our labelling strategy showed good specificity for olfactory bulb dopaminergic neurons, while revealing a minority sub‐population of non‐dopaminergic DAT‐tdTomato cells that expressed the calcium‐binding protein calretinin. Crucially, the proportions of these neuronal subtypes were not affected by brief alterations in sensory experience. Short‐term olfactory manipulations also produced no significant changes in immunofluorescence or whole‐bulb mRNA for the GABA‐synthesising enzyme GAD67/Gad1. However, in bulbar DAT‐tdTomato neurons, brief sensory deprivation was accompanied by a transient, small drop in immunofluorescence for the dopamine‐synthesising enzyme dopa decarboxylase (DDC) and a sustained decrease for TH. Deprivation also produced a sustained decrease in whole‐bulb Th mRNA. Careful characterisation of an independently identified, genetically labelled neuronal population therefore enabled us to uncover rapid experience‐dependent changes in dopamine‐synthesising enzyme expression.