bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cation-selective Mo2TiC2T
x
MXene membrane for osmotic energy harvesting
Authors: Chang Libo , Zhang Tianze , Wang Feng , Ma Huidong , Xie Wenke , Ding Tianpeng , Xiao Xu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Although promising in renewable energy, osmotic energy is hindered by the unsatisfactory conversion performance caused by the limited ion transport and selectivity of semipermeable membranes. As an emerging family of two-dimensional (2D) materials, MXenes have been attracting extensive interests for constructing osmotic membrane due to its natural 2D nanoconfined space, hydrophilicity and abundant surface terminations. The regulation of the surface charge density of MXenes plays an important role for the improvement of osmotic energy conversion. Herein, we systematically investigate Mo2TiC2T
x
MXene membranes for osmotic energy harvesting. Benefitting from the improved surface negative-charged density treated by alkali solution, and the 2D nanoconfined space, the Mo2TiC2T
x
MXene membrane shows improved cation selectivity and permeability performance. The osmotic voltage (V
os) increases to 83 mV with an improved cation transference number (t
+) of 0.95 at 0.5 M/0.01 M alkali KCl solution (pH = 9), while osmotic voltage (V
os) is 74 mV with a cation transference number (t
+) of 0.9 at 0.5 M/0.01 M alkali KCl solution (pH = 7). The output power density (P
max) reaches up to 13.1 W m−2 with an energy conversion efficiency (η
max) of 40.5% at 0.5 M/0.01 M alkali KCl solution (pH = 9), which is superior to many of other 2D osmotic membranes. The modification of surface charge density for Mo2TiC2T
x
MXene membrane may pave a way for improving the performance of MXene based osmotic energy harvesting.
PBPK modelling of ceftriaxone Na-loaded starch-sodium alginate polymeric blend prepared by water-in-oil emulsification for oral delivery
Authors: Raza Hina , Ilahi Yusra , Rashid Zermina , Nazir Shabnam , Manzoor Suryyia , Yousif Mohamed Deifallah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic effective against many bacterial infections. However, owing to its instability in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), it is administered by injections, which is an unfavourable route of administration. Therefore, the aim of this study was to formulate ceftriaxone into biodegradable and thermally stable polymeric blend microparticles that are suitable for oral delivery. The drug-loaded microparticles were prepared by the water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion method and consisted of starch and sodium alginate (NaAlg) as a polymeric matrix and glutaraldehyde (GA) as a cross-linking agent. Characterization of these particles using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the particles were spherical in shape with a smooth surface. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) of these particles showed no drug-polymer interactions. The highest percentage yield of particles was obtained at 3% polymer concentration. The particle size increased slightly after drug loading. The drug loading and entrapment efficiency appeared to increase with increasing polymer concentration. In vitro drug release at pH 1.2 and pH 7.4, revealed that drug release was below 20% at the acidic pH, while at pH 7.4, drug release of up to 85% was observed. The release mechanism followed first-order and Fickian diffusion patterns. Plasma concentration-time profiles were simulated for subcontinental Asian populations using commercial PBPK software, and the results suggest that microencapsulation of ceftriaxone sodium in a polymeric blend could represent a promising approach for controlled oral delivery of the drug, with enhanced absorption and bioavailability of the drug.
A comparative analysis of PI & FLC based grid connected PV system with power backup to improve power quality
Authors: Tiwari Anurag , Agarwal Ruchi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this article, a fuzzy logiccontroller (FLC) tuned DC-link controller is presented. This controller is utilized to enhance the power quality characteristic of grid-integrated PV systems with power backup in comparison to the PI controller, without any filter at PCC (point of common coupling). The primary purpose of these controllers is to maintain power to the DC/AC sides by maintaining the DC-link voltage under transient conditions. The proposed system is tested with a non-linear load; hence, the proposed system requires power quality enhancements on PCC. By using both controller power flow control, reactive power compensation and harmonic mitigation is done on PCC, after that grid current becomes sinusoidal. For the power quality improvement, no filter/shunt active power filter (SAPF) is connected to PCC, only proposed inverter current controller improves the power quality at PCC by using these controllers. Using the MPPT (maximum power point tracking) Controller, the maximum power extraction feature is also included in this paper to extract maximum power from the PV module under varying atmospheric circumstances. The power backup unit is also connected with this system, power backup unit includes a battery controller which works as a boost and buck converter according to system requirements, along with a battery. On the MATLAB/Simulink platform, the control scheme and functioning of both controllers are tested, and the results are validated as satisfactory. According to IEEE 519, the grid current THD is below 5% when the suggested control system is implemented.
Directional crossover slime mould algorithm with adaptive Lévy diversity for the optimal design of real-world problems
Authors: Qi Ailiang , Zhao Dong , Yu Fanhua , Liu Guangjie , Heidari Ali Asghar , Chen Huiling , Algarni Abeer D , Elmannai Hela , Gui Wenyong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe slime mould algorithm (SMA) has become a classical algorithm applied in many fields since it was presented. Nevertheless, when faced with complex tasks, the algorithm converges slowly and tends to fall into the local optimum. So, there is still room for improvement in the performance of SMA. This work proposes a novel SMA variant (SDSMA), combining the adaptive Lévy diversity mechanism and directional crossover mechanism. Firstly, the adaptive Lévy diversity mechanism can improve population diversity. Then, the directional crossover mechanism can enhance the balance of exploration and exploitation, thus helping SDSMA to increase the convergence speed and accuracy. SDSMA is compared with SMA variants, original algorithms, improved algorithms, improved-SMAs, and others on the benchmark function set to verify its performance. Meanwhile, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, the Friedman test, and other analytical methods are considered to analyze the experimental results. The analysis results show that SDSMA with two strategies significantly improves the performance of SMA. Meanwhile, the computational cost of SDSMA is smaller than that of SMA on benchmark function. Finally, the proposed algorithm is applied to three real-world engineering design problems. The experiments prove that SDSMA is an effective aid tool for computationally complex practical tasks.
The role of community–private sector partnerships in the diffusion of environmental innovation: renewable energy in Southern Israel
Authors: Eitan Avri , Fischhendler Itay , Herman Lior , Rosen Gillad 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLocal communities have been identified as crucial actors in the diffusion of renewable energy, considered one of the most important eco-innovations of our time. Anecdotal evidence has indicated that local communities tend to play different roles in promoting eco-innovation, particularly renewable energy. However, what this heterogeneity looks like has not yet been quantitatively examined. Our study addresses this gap by systematically exploring the involvement of communities in the promotion of eco-innovation at the local level. We focus on their participation in renewable energy partnerships with the private sector in rural areas in Israel's southern periphery. Our study indicates that local communities play diverse roles in promoting renewable energy through varying involvement in finance, ownership, knowledge contribution, employment, energy consumption, and, most common according to our findings, the leasing of natural resources. The study further tracks the factors that shape this diverse involvement, including the community’s land size, population size, socio-economic ranking, and experience. Finally, the study unpacks the levels of risks and gains that local communities face when promoting renewable energy through their partnerships with the private sector. By confronting theory with quantitative research, this study sheds light on the diverse roles local communities play in the diffusion of eco-innovation, a prerequisite for renewable energy.
Primary syphilis chancre masquerading as a frenulum tear, the essence of histology: a case report
Authors: Tan Matthew C Y , Walford Norman , Tan Kok Kuan 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Syphilitic chancres are pathognomonic of primary syphilis and can have many atypical presentations. Early detection of such lesions can prevent complications by linking patients to care early. We report a case of a 45-year-old Chinese men who has sex with men (MSM) presenting with a wound on his penis after masturbation. Initial impressions of a frenulum tear secondary to overzealous masturbation led to a circumcision and frenulectomy. Routine histology done provided an unexpected finding of plasma cell infiltrates suggestive of Syphilis. Serology was done to confirm the diagnosis and patient was treated with oral doxycycline for 2 weeks. This case aims to highlight the importance of routine histology during circumcisions especially because lesions such as syphilitic chancres are not always typical in presentation.
Hypoglycemic drug liraglutide alleviates low muscle mass by inhibiting the expression of MuRF1 and MAFbx in diabetic muscle atrophy
Authors: Fan Dongmei , Wang Yue , Liu Bowei , Yin Fuzai 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Low muscle mass, i.e. muscular atrophy, is an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Few studies investigated whether hypoglycemic drugs can alleviate low muscle mass and related mechanisms.

Methods:
This study recruited 51 type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, who were divided into two groups based on skeletal muscle index (SMI) evaluated by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA): the experiment group (n=25, SMI<7 kg/m2) and the control group (n=26, SMI≥7 kg/m2). GLP-1 levels were measured by EILSA. In vitro, 10 KK-Ay mice (11-12-week-old) were assigned into two groups: liraglutide group (n=5) and saline group (n=5). Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to determine the expression levels of muscle specific ubiquitin protease E3, MuRF1 and MAFbx.

Results:
T2DM patients with a higher SMI had significantly higher GLP-1 levels (t=3.77, p<0.001). SMI were positively associated with GLP-1 levels (β=0.435, p=0.001) and inversely associated with age (β=0.299, p=0.015). The incidence of low muscle mass at below the second quartiles was 10.55 times that of above the second quartiles (odds ratio=10.556, p<0.001). Liraglutide-treatment mice showed significant decrease in food intake, final body weight, fasting blood glucose and significant increase in skeletal muscle mass, which coincided with the significant decrease in the expression levels of ubiquitin protease E3 MuRF1 and MAFbx. In vitro studies showed that liraglutide promoted myogenic differentiation and attenuated dexamethasone
(DEX)-induced myotube atrophy. Ectopic expression of MuRF1 and MAFbx antagonized the beneficial effects of liraglutide on DEX-induced myotube atrophy.

Conclusion:
T2DM patients have muscular atrophy, and liraglutide alleviates muscular atrophy at least in part by inhibiting the expression of MuRF1 and MAFbx.
Health education actions on male breast cancer: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis
Authors: Silva José Felipe Costa da , Torres Gilson de Vasconcelos , Reis Luciana Araújo dos , Campos Julliane Tamara Araújo de Melo , Nunes Vilani Medeiros De Araújo , Santos Jéssyca Camila Carvalho , Barbalho Thalia Natasha Silva , Xavier Nobre Thaiza Teixeira 
Published: October 2022

Background:Although rare, the rates of diagnosis of male breast cancer (MBC) have been increasing over the years, and it can be quite aggressive in the male organism. Some strategies such as health education disseminating knowledge about MBC can be essential for early discovery and finding better prognosis.Objective:Protocol to map the available evidence of health education approaches on MBC.Methods:A scoping review on health education on MBC will be carried out in Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Web of Science, Scopus, Scielo, Online System of Literature Search and Analysis Medical (MEDLINE), Embase, Virtual Health Library (VHL). Two independent reviewers will perform screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment through the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Assessment Checklist. For the quality of evidence, the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) Analysis will be used.Results:The results of this review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Conclusions:This scoping review will provide evidence of how health education on MBC is being addressed in health systems. Evidence can help healthcare professionals and patients recognize the most effective educational inventions in disseminating knowledge and preventing MBC.
Diagnosis of an Acinetobacter pittii from a patient in China with a multiplex PCR-based targeted gene sequencing platform of the cerebrospinal fluid: A case report with literature review
Authors: Feng Wenliang , Jiang Xuebin , Zhang Rujiang , Guo Zhendong , Gao Daiquan 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The traditional diagnosis model has great challenges for the etiological diagnosis of the central nervous system (CNS) diseases with similar clinical manifestations, especially for the diagnosis of rare pathogens. It is very important to make rapid and accurate identification of pathogens for guiding clinical choices in administering countermeasures.

Case summary:
On August 22, 2020, a 49 years old Chinese male patient had a headache for two days, and then the computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain showed subarachnoid hemorrhage. Subsequently, he underwent twice craniotomy and about 3 weeks of hospitalization. Since September 20, the patient was in the local rehabilitation hospital for hyperbaric oxygen therapy for about three weeks. Then the patient developed acute purulent meningoencephalitis. In the absence of diagnosis of specific pathogenic bacteria, vancomycin (1 g every 12 hours), ceftazidime (2 g every 8 hours), mannitol dehydration (125 mL, every 8 hours), and sodium valproate (0.4 g tid) was used timely according to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination and clinical manifestations. CSF smear and routine culture test were negative during hospitalization. We used the metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) analysis of CSF for quick and accurate diagnosis, which identified human herpesvirus type 4 (EBV), Corynebacterium corynebacterium, Achromobacter xylose oxidation, and Acinetobacter baumannii, But the mapping degree was not high. Then, we used the modified method-multiplex PCR-based targeted gene sequencing platform (ptNGS) to detect CSF samples and found that the sequences detected were Acinetobacter pittii (A. pittii) and Staphylococcus epidermidis. S. epidermidis might come from skin colonization during lumbar puncture, so it was excluded from the etiological diagnosis. Therefore, we highly suspected that A. pittii was the pathogen in this case. After about three weeks of hospitalization treatment, the patient’s symptoms were relieved.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, empirical medication before the identification of pathogens is very important. The ptNGS may be an effective method for the diagnosis of pathogens.
Comparison of flexible fixation and screw fixation for isolated Lisfranc ligament injuries: A protocol for a meta-analysis of comparative studies
Authors: Guo Wenxuan , Chen Wenhuan , Yu Jinsheng , Wu Fan , Qian Wenqiang , Zhuang Siyuan , Tian Kun , Zhuang Rujie , Pan Yu 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The frequency of isolated Lisfranc ligament (ILL) injuries has been increasing recently with the increase in low-energy trauma resulting from sports injuries. For ILL injuries, the optimal method of fixation still remains controversial. The traditional fixation method is achieved by trans-articular screws, but recently, dorsal bridge plates and suture button (SB) fixation have become alternatives. Some biomechanical studies have showed that SB fixation can provide adequate strength compared to trans-articular screws. Therefore, a meta-analysis is imperative to provide evidence on whether flexible fixation is comparable to screw fixation for treatment of ILL injuries.

Methods:
We will conduct a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Web of Science databases and for comparative studies. We will apply the risk-of-bias tool of the Cochrane Collaboration for Randomized Controlled Trials to assess the methodological quality. Risk-of-Bias Assessment Tool for Non-randomized Studies was used to evaluate the quality of comparative studies. Statistical analysis will be conducted using RevMan 5.4 software (Cochrane Collaboration, London, England).

Results:
This systematic review will evaluate the functional outcomes and radiographic results of flexible fixation for treatment of ILL injuries.

Conclusion:
The conclusion of this study will provide evidence for judging whether flexible fixation is superior to screw fixation for treatment of ILL injuries.
Predictors of Infection and Benefit of Antibiotics in Gunshot Wounds to the Face
Authors: Deramo Paul J. , Biaggi-Ondina Andrea , Kothamasu Venkata Sai , Berry Blake , Wainwright David J. 
Published: October 2022

Background
Gunshot wounds (GSWs) to the face are at high risk for infection due the extent of tissue injury and often-observed violation of oral and sinus cavities. Given the ambiguous data on antibiotic benefit in GSW to the face, the purpose of this study is to characterize antibiotic usage, infection details, and risk factors associated with higher infection rates in GSW to face.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of patients presenting with GSW to the face from 2009 to 2017. The primary outcome was to identify risk factors associated with infections in patients with facial GSWs. A stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to determine the impact of specific injury details.

Results
Two hundred sixty-nine patients qualified for the study. Demographic information and details of hospital stay are presented in tables. Most patients (88.8%) received admission antibiotics. Facial infections were observed in 36 patients (13.4%). The infected cohort required more antibiotic days (P < 0.001), higher percentage of invasive airway procedures (P = 0.01), longer length of stay (P < 0.001), greater number of surgeries (P < 0.022), and higher readmission rates (P < 0.001). Factors associated with head or neck infections included oral cavity (odds ratio, 1.23; P = 0.04) and sinus involvement (odds ratio, 1.10; P = 0.045).

Conclusions
Bullet trajectories that violated the oral or maxillary sinus cavities were associated with higher head and neck infection rates. Patients without oral cavity or sinus involvement had a lower chance (4.1%) of developing an infection and therefore may have marginal benefit from antibiotics.
Lower Trapezius Myocutaneous Propeller Flap Based on Dorsal Scapular Artery
Authors: Wang Miao , Zang Mengqing , Zhu Shan , Li Shanshan , Han Tinglu , Chen Zixiang , Liu Yuanbo 
Published: October 2022

Background
The pedicled lower trapezius myocutaneous flap is generally transferred to the recipient site through a subcutaneous tunnel, and a portion of the flap buried in the tunnel needs to be de-epithelialized. Thus, considerable amount of normal skin is sacrificed, and the redundant tissue buried in the tunnel can cause bulging deformity. We believe that transferring the lower trapezius myocutaneous flap in a propeller fashion can avoid the aforementioned issues.

Methods
A retrospective review was performed on all lower trapezius myocutaneous propeller flap reconstructions by a single surgeon from July 2013 to March 2021. Data on patient demographics, diagnosis, features of the defect, characteristics of the flap, and the outcome were collected and analyzed.

Results
Thirty-three lower trapezius myocutaneous propeller flaps were used to reconstruct soft tissue defects in the head, neck, and back. The etiologies were malignancy, trauma, postburn scar contracture, and congenital melanocytic nevus. The mean skin paddle dimensions were 29.0 cm in length (range, 13–45 cm) and 10.9 cm in width (range, 6–15 cm). The donor sites were closed primarily in 30 patients, closed using a skin graft in 1 patient, and covered with the second flap in 2 patients. Venous congestion occurred in the distal portion of 4 flaps and partial necrosis in the distal 6 cm of 1 flap. The average follow-up time was 17.5 months (range, 1–56 months). The normal contour of the back was preserved without bulging deformity. No patient developed a winged scapula or a decrease in shoulder elevation.

Conclusions
The lower trapezius myocutaneous propeller flap may be an option for reconstruction of soft tissue defects of the head, neck, and back with less waste of normal tissue and bulging deformity.
Master's Degrees Among Academic Plastic Surgeons and Plastic Surgery Residents
Authors: Elmorsi Rami , Asaad Malke , Badawi Omar , Mahapure Kiran S. , Selber Jesse , Clemens Mark W. , Chu Carrie K. , Offodile Anaeze C. , Butler Charles E. 
Published: October 2022

Background
As more plastic surgery clinicians pursue advanced degrees and strive to become stronger physician-scientists, an objective understanding of how such degrees influence careers becomes important. We hypothesized that having a master's degree is associated with higher scholarly activity, research funding, academic progression, and leadership appointments.

Methods
Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education–accredited integrated plastic surgery residency program Web sites were queried to create a data set of current academic plastic surgeons (APSs) and plastic surgery residents (PSRs). Scholarly metrics such as publications, citations, and H-indices were extracted from the Scopus database. National Institutes of Health and Plastic Surgery Foundation funding information was collected through their respective Web sites.

Results
Our cohort comprised 799 APSs and 922 PSRs, of whom 8% and 7.4%, respectively, had at least one master’s degree. Academic plastic surgeons with master’s of public health degrees had a significantly higher median number of publications and citations than APSs without a master’s of public health. There was no association between any master’s degree and academic rank or being a department chairman or program director. Academic plastic surgeons with master of science degrees were more likely to receive National Institutes of Health grants. Among PSRs, master’s of science graduates had a higher median number of publications. Other master’s degrees did not significantly influence scholarly productivity or funding.

Conclusions
Certain master's degrees had an impact on scholarly productivity, with no significant effect on academic rank or leadership positions. The value of master's degrees in programs focusing on healthcare management, leadership skills, and business acumen likely extends beyond the scope of this study.