bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self Re-writing and Self Un-writing
Authors: Nugent-Folan Georgina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This essay analyses the imbalance identifiable in critical approaches to the gendering of Beckett’s influences with respect to his autographic writing. Contrasting Beckett’s Company with Gertrude Stein’s The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas, I unravel the particulars that have led to Stein’s marginalisation as a figure against which we can situate Beckett’s autographic writings, with a view to further understanding why the remarkable correspondence between Beckett and Stein’s autographic praxes has continually evaded critical attention. Building on Porter Abbott’s description of autography as self-writing, I propose that Stein’s autography be considered an example of self-rewriting, and Beckett’s of self-unwriting.
Exploring the Relationships between UN Sanctions and Mediation
Authors: Biersteker Thomas J. , Brubaker Rebecca , Lanz David 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Sanctions and mediation are often applied simultaneously by the UN, but there has been little systematic exploration of their interrelationships. Drawing on research from the Sanctions and Mediation Project (SMP), both complications and complementarities can be identified. Sanctions can complicate mediation by fostering exclusion, emboldening nonsanctioned parties, closing mediation space, undercutting mediator impartiality, and forcing premature agreements. At the same time, sanctions can complement mediation by deterring spoilers, breaking stalemates, incentivizing cooperation, modifying cost-benefit calculations, ensuring broad participation in talks, and facilitating the onset of talks. The conditions under which complementarity can be enhanced include UN Security Council unity, focus and coherence of mandates, and regional cooperation. This article concludes with policy recommendations for different institutional actors and some suggestions for future research.
From Aspiration to Commitment
Authors: Haack Kirsten , Karns Margaret P. , Murray Jean-Pierre 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Gender equality has long been a goal within the UN system, particularly for women’s representation among the professional staff. Yet it was more an aspiration than the target of serious action, let alone with leadership from the UN Secretary-General. It could not be addressed, however, without adequate data revealing women’s absences. Building a dataset based on Human Resources Statistics Reports has enabled the authors to show the patterns in the UN Secretariat and the secretariats of eighteen agencies, funds, and programs. The analysis reveals persistent gender-specific conceptualizations of issue areas as more masculine (e.g., peace, security, finance, trade) or feminine (health, human rights, population), creating “glass walls” and “glass ceilings” that have limited women’s appointments to high-level positions in certain areas. The results reveal the limits of goal setting, the slowness of change, and the difference that leadership from the UN Secretary-General can make in the UN’s “long march” toward gender equality.
“Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick”
Authors: Hudáková Zuzana 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
While sanctions and mediation are often used to address the same conflict situations, they are usually employed without significant coordination. Focusing on a rare case of a mediator successfully wielding the threat of sanctions, this article explores the utility of sanctions for mediation in the Yemeni political transition during the mandate of UN special adviser Jamal Benomar. Although the transition ultimately derailed, the analysis shows that the threat of sanctions can be used in different phases of the mediation process to provide mediators with the leverage needed to convince conflict parties to engage in negotiations, break stalemates during talks, nudge parties toward an agreement, or persuade potential spoilers to refrain from undermining the implementation of the negotiated agreement. Their success, however, not only depends on the degree of convergence between the application of the two instruments, but also on the type of target, regional support, and institutional backing.
Integration of Islamic Management Principles and Values according to the Qurʾan and Hadith in Fostering Halal Governance in Malaysia
Authors: Zain Che Rosmawati Che Mohd , Zakaria Zalina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Since the 1970s, Malaysia has been experiencing excellent and smooth development and reform of Halal governance year after year. Halal stakeholders in the country such as government agencies, consumers and industry players perform their roles well in implementing, improving, and supporting the Halal ecosystem and Halal governance towards a better position. The current shaping of Malaysian Halal governance has the nature and elements of federalism and public administration of the country. However, this paper seeks to explore the Islamic management principles and values in the Qurʾan and Hadith, which can be part and parcel in strengthening the nation’s Halal governance paradigm. In the discovery, this study conducts a qualitative method through library research of journal articles, books, and other relevant materials in gathering the systematic review of concepts and theories of Islamic management according to the Qurʾan and Hadith. On the bright side, Islamic management principles and values promote excellent strategies which suit the Halal governance sphere and environment. Adoption of the Islamic management concept is a right shift in the sight of Halal governance melioration in Malaysia to reach the status of the most efficient Halal global leader.
Anatomy of the Intellect in the Quran: A Fresh Perspective
Authors: Raza Muhammad Waqar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Neurobiology depicts the human brain as the organ of intellect. It has located in the brain the stations for cognition (e.g., sight and hearing) and for feelings and experience (e.g., pain, anger and face recognition). It has even sited in the brain the places involved in moral functions (e.g., judgement and lies). However, the locale of the self itself has escaped from it; so has the one assigned with ontological questions. The Quran invites its reader to seek knowledge and apply reason; however, it never introduces a term for the instrument of knowing, the brain. Instead, the intellectual roles are attributed to the heart and chest, a position that allows for a literal interpretation of these artefacts in the Book. The foundational objective of this work is to appraise this interpretation in the light of the lessons drawn from scientific studies. More than simply acknowledging the pre-knowledge of the Quran of some new scientific findings, this research seeks to re-appraise the meanings of the relevant Quranic ayahs in view of those findings. It reveals the literal significance of the terms ‘heart’ and ‘chest’ used in the Scripture but in a different context and also shows that Quranic depictions of neurobiological concepts are prescient. It finds the Quran furnishing a fuller picture of the intellect. It shows that a physical depiction of human intellect in the Quran is not only possible but indispensable. Importantly, this example yet again identifies the scope of the Quranic ayahs for fulfilling current multidisciplinary needs.
The Ethics of Witnessing in Pandemic Times
Authors: Ibrisim Deniz Gundogan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Both individual and public witnessing have always been integral to the process of living through catastrophe. Writing, and particularly literature, is a powerful form of witnessing. Reading José Saramago’s Blindness (1995) in tandem with Orhan Pamuk’s The While Caste (1985), this essay engages with the concept of witnessing, extending and deepening the way we might think about witnessing in a novel way in times of epidemics and pandemics. By reading these texts as narratives of plagues and epidemics at large, this essay aims to expand and challenge the association between witnessing and speech, between witnessing and sight through a critical attention to the role of affect, vitality, human and nonhuman materiality, and other communicative modes in these novels. While representing pandemics and epidemics, both Saramago and Pamuk, I argue, represent life, death, and the relation between self and other “beyond the human,” with powerful implications for our contemporary understanding of history, community, and politics. Thereby, these texts create dynamic, and unorthodox narrative strategy for relating to, connecting with, and narrating other and more-than-human worlds, affected by heteronomy amid contagion.
Making and Reading World Literature in a Pandemic
Authors: Muenchrath Anna 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This essay intervenes in a debate about world literature that pits commodity circulation against normativity and literature’s causal force. By taking into account the history of book production and circulation as intimately linked with the history of global capitalism, this essay reads Severance (2018) by Ling Ma as a critique of the logic of global logistics and its labor relations. Reading the novel during a pandemic ironically draws attention to the reader’s own position in this global labor hierarchy, highlighting that the novel itself necessarily participates in the material injustices of global print capitalism. The essay argues that paying attention to book production and circulation – in the form of global supply chains, the world market’s global reach, and particularly the human relations this produces – is in fact not antithetical to, but instead a highly leveraged way of understanding literature’s potential for transformative agency.
Samuel, Samuel
Authors: Pessoa da Silva Pinto Leonardo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper discusses the way the repetition of formulas and expressions are treated by the various witnesses to the text of 1 Samuel 3:4–10, the narrative of Samuel’s calling. The paper focuses on the differences between MT, LXX and the Lucianic Text. Repetitions in the text often induce the trained text-critic to check for haplographies, dittographies, homoioteleutons, and homoioarctons among the witnesses, but it will be shown that textual decisions require attention not only to phenomena common to textual copying and transmission, such as textual accidents, but also to literary and narrative elements, especially in a book such as Samuel where different Hebrew forms circulated in the past. It is possible, in case of repetitions, to find in some witnesses a narrative interest in seeing an order or prediction be enacted or fulfilled precisely as foretold.
Judaising in the Versions of Esther
Authors: Thambyrajah Jonathan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Esther is unique in the degree to which its early translations differ from one another. Although this poses difficulties for traditional text critical goals, it also provides unique opportunities for the study of the literature and society of the Second Temple Period. Because the versions differ so much, each ‘translation’ represents an essentially original retelling of the same story. These versions developed over the course of the Second Temple period, and so offer a series of perspectives on the same story, from different times and places. One example of this is how these versions treat Esth 8:17. In Masoretic Esth 8:17, the inhabitants of the empire ‘Judaise’ (‮מתיהדים‬‎). However, as the text was received in translation throughout the second temple period, multiple different views arose among the different versions as to what the nature of this event was. The different ways that the highly divergent versions of Esther handle this part of the narrative reflect transformations in Jewish–gentile relationships throughout this period.
The Power of Music
Authors: Hallam Susan , Himonides Evangelos 
Published: July 2022

Building on her earlier work, 'The Power of Music: A Research Synthesis of the Impact of Actively Making Music on the Intellectual, Social and Personal Development of Children and Young People', this volume by Susan Hallam and Evangelos Himonides is an important new resource in the field of music education, practice, and psychology.
A well-signposted text with helpful subheadings, 'The Power of Music: An Exploration of the Evidence' gathers and synthesises research in neuroscience, psychology, and education to develop our understanding of the effects of listening to and actively making music. Its chapters address music’s relationship with literacy and numeracy, transferable skills, its impact on social cohesion and personal wellbeing, as well as the roles that music plays in our everyday lives.
Considering evidence from large population samples to individual case studies and across age groups, the authors also pose important methodological questions to the research community. 'The Power of Music' defends qualitative research against a requirement for randomised control trials that can obscure the diverse and often fraught contexts in which people of all ages and backgrounds are exposed to, and engage with, music.
This magnificent and comprehensive volume allows the evidence about the power of music to speak for itself, thus providing an essential directory for those researching music education and its social, personal, and cognitive impact across human ages and experiences.
What Controls Local Entrainment and Detrainment Rates in Simulated Shallow Convection?
Authors: Savre Julien 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The lack of consensus as to how entrainment and detrainment must be represented in convection parameterizations highlights the need for in-depth investigations of the processes driving lateral mixing in clouds. Direct estimates of entrainment and detrainment rates are here obtained from high-resolution simulations of shallow cumulus convection using a method that isolates the contributions from various competing processes. Moreover, cloud-averaged entrainment and detrainment rates are computed and correlated with bulk cloud and environmental properties. Detrainment is found to dominate in the middle of the cloud layer, and is locally driven by evaporation along cloud edges. Entrainment and detrainment events also occur due to changes in updraft velocity, but vertical acceleration and deceleration balance each other on average to yield no net entrainment/detrainment. In contrast, entrainment at cloud base is mostly related to condensation in dry updrafts surrounding the clouds, whereas detrainment at the top of the cloud layer is driven by buoyancy reversal. Cloud-averaged entrainment and detrainment rates both correlate preferentially with in-cloud vertical pressure gradients at all altitudes, but not with cloud-core buoyancy. No significant influence of environmental moisture on entrainment/detrainment was found, probably because of the very humid shell surrounding each cloud. Overall, these results suggest that entrainment and detrainment result from two concurring processes: a cloud-scale circulation driven by vertical pressure gradients, and small-scale, turbulent-like motions along the core edges generating mixing and, again, vertical pressure gradients.
Diabatic Upwelling in the Tropical Pacific: Seasonal and Subseasonal Variability
Authors: Deppenmeier Anna-Lena , Bryan Frank O. , Kessler William S. , Thompson LuAnne 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The equatorial Pacific zonal circulation is composed of westward surface currents, the eastward equatorial undercurrent (EUC) along the thermocline, and upwelling in the eastern cold tongue. Part of this upwelling arises from water flowing along isotherms sloping up to the east, but it also includes water mass transformation and consequent diabatic (cross-isothermal) flow (wci) that is a key element of surface-to-thermocline communication. In this study we investigate the mean seasonal cycle and subseasonal variability of cross-isothermal flow in the cold tongue using heat budget output from a high-resolution forced ocean model. Diabatic upwelling is present throughout the year with surface-layer solar-penetration-driven diabatic upwelling strongest in boreal spring and vertical mixing in the thermocline dominating during the rest of the year. The former constitutes warming of the surface layer by solar radiation rather than exchange of thermal energy between water parcels. The mixing-driven regime allows heat to be transferred to the core of the EUC by warming parcels at depth. On subseasonal time scales the passage of tropical instability waves (TIWs) enhances diabatic upwelling on and north of the equator. On the equator the TIWs enhance vertical shear and induce vertical-mixing-driven diabatic upwelling, while off the equator TIWs enhance the sub-5-daily eddy heat flux which enhances diabatic upwelling. Comparing the magnitudes of TIW, seasonal, and interannual wci variability, we conclude that each time scale is associated with sizeable variance. Variability across all of these time scales needs to be taken into account when modeling or diagnosing the effects of mixing on equatorial upwelling.
Management of High Grade Splenic Injuries in Rural America
Authors: Burt Michael R. , Tobin Christian S. , Guido Jenny M. , Timmerman Gary L. , Weigelt John A. 
Published: July 2022

Background Rural surgeons face unique challenges when managing patients with high-grade (III-V) blunt splenic injury (BSI) given limited access to interventional radiology and blood products. Patients therefore may require transfer for splenic artery embolization (SAE) when resuscitation may still be ongoing. This study aims to evaluate current resource utilization in a rural trauma population with limited access to SAE and blood products. Methods Retrospective analysis of adult patients with high-grade BSI at one Level 1 trauma center and two Level 2 trauma centers was performed. Patients were evaluated for resources used after transfer to the regional trauma center. Primary outcomes measured were SAE, operative management (OM), and blood product utilization. Secondary outcomes measured included injury severity score (ISS) and mortality. Results Final analysis included 134 transferred patients. 16% underwent SAE, 16% underwent OM, and 69% were treated successfully with nonoperative and non-procedural management (NOM). 52% of the SAE patients had sustained a grade III splenic injury, 38% grade IV, and 10% grade V. 84% of patients required <3 units of packed red blood cells (PRBC) and 57% of patients required none. 80% of transferred patients required <3 total units of all combined blood products. Discussion The majority of patients with BSI transferred to a tertiary trauma center from a rural facility were successfully managed without SAE and required minimal transfusion of blood products. In the absence of other injuries necessitating transfer to a tertiary trauma center, rural surgeons should consider management of high grade splenic injuries at their home institution.
A Survey of Antibiotic Use During Insertion of Cardiovascular Implantable Devices Among United States Implanters
Authors: Kranick Stephen , Mishra Nikita , Theertham Arjun , Vo Hung , Hiltner Emily , Coromilas James , Kassotis John 
Published: July 2022

Antibiotic use for cardiovascular implantable devices (CIED) prophylaxis is well-accepted despite a paucity of data. Pre-procedural prophylaxis lowers the rate of CIED infections; however, data is lacking for intra- or post-procedural antibiotic use. Antibiotic-eluting envelopes (ENVELOPE) [TYRX®TM] have been shown to reduce post-procedural infections. Understanding implanter practices may provide insight as to the need for antibiotic stewardship. The purpose of this survey was to assess the practices of implanters nationally. A survey was completed by 150 implanters across the US. Participants were board certificated, implanters of CIEDs, with varying experience (1–25 years), in various hospital settings. Of the respondents, 97% reported routine use of systemic antibiotics pre-operatively. About two-thirds of implanters continue systemic antibiotics post-operatively, with half continuing antibiotics for >24 h; 83% of implanters add antibiotic to saline for the purpose of irrigating the wound; 55% routinely use ENVELOPE on approximately 38% of patients. Common reasons cited for ENVELOPE use were infection concerns, significant risk factors, prior device infection, and immunosuppressed status. Two-thirds of respondents use systemic antibiotics during generator changes, with >50% continuing antibiotics for >24 h. This study suggests wide variations in practice among implanters. Additional attention to existing guidelines and evidence regarding appropriate use of ENVELOPE is still needed.
An experimental study on the bearing strength of pin-loaded ceramic particles filled woven glass/epoxy composites
Authors: Sayer Metin 
Published: July 2022

The present study experimentally investigates the effect of various ceramic particles and different particle weight fractions on the bearing strength and failure modes of pinned joints in woven glass/epoxy composite plates. The composite plates are filled with Silicon Carbide (SiC), Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) and Boron Carbide (B4C) ceramic particles at 5%, 10% and 15% weight fractions. Tensile tests were carried out on single pinned joints in woven glass/epoxy composite specimens. Accordingly, the effects of ceramic particles, particle weight fractions and pin joint geometry were evaluated on the bearing strength and the failure modes. The damaged specimens were examined with load–pin displacement curves, visual and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the bearing strength and failure mode were considerably affected by the ceramic particles, the particle weight fractions and the geometric dimensions. It was found that the addition of the ceramic particles into composites improved the bearing strengths of pinned joints in the composites for all weight fractions compared to the unfilled composite. The highest bearing strengths were obtained for composites filled with 10 wt.% particles. As a result, the increase in the bearing strength is almost 43% for composites filled with SiC, 53% filled with Al2O3 and 47% filled with B4C compared to the unfilled composite, for ratio e/d = 3.
Psychometric evaluation of three-factor eating questionnaire -R18 in aging Finnish men with increased risk for type 2 diabetes
Authors: Malkki-Keinänen Katriina , Lankinen Maria , Karhunen Leila , Schwab Ursula 
Published: July 2022

Background Deeper comprehension of eating-related behaviour (how and why people eat) can reveal new aspects to support health and prevent type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, such research is largely missing in aging men. Aim The aim was to investigate suitability of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18 (TFEQ-R18) in Finnish aging men which is widely used to examine factors: cognitive restraint (CR), uncontrolled eating (UE), and emotional eating (EE). Methods Study population consisted of 420 men aged 50–75, who completed the TFEQ-R18 at the baseline of the T2D-GENE lifestyle intervention study. Inclusion criteria were impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and body mass index ≥25 kg/m2. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to study psychometrics (reliability, validity, and model fit) and factor structure of TFEQ-R18. Results The items loaded to the three factors (CR, UE, EE) as in previous studies, except two items at CR factor and one at UE factor, which were therefore omitted. UE was also discovered split into two sub factors (named as ‘craving’ and ‘loss-of-control’), UE being a higher-order (h) factor. The resultant revised version was named as Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire Revised to 15-items with higher-order factor (TFEQ-R15h). Conclusion The original 18-item version of the TFEQ was not optimal in the population consisting of Finnish aging men with elevated T2D risk. A modified 15-item version of the TFEQ could be used to describe EB in this population instead.