bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An improved whale algorithm based on multi-strategy competition mechanism
Authors: Tao Liu , Wanjun Bao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

This paper proposes an improved whale algorithm based on multi-strategy competition mechanism(CWOA) to overcome the limitation that the whale optimization algorithm(WOA) easily falls into local optimum and is difficult to balance exploration and exploitation. First, the overall population is divided into two parts based on fitness values, and the search strategy of each part is constructed according to the difference in fitness values to balance exploration and exploitation. Second, a competition mechanism is designed to guide the individual whales to choose a more appropriate search strategy. Last, the performance of CWOA is checked through comparative experiments in 23 classical benchmark functions and the composite functions in CEC 2017. In the experiment, the CWOA is compared with the basic WOA, several improved algorithms of WOA and other swarm-based intelligent optimization algorithms. The experimental results show that the accuracy and convergence speed of the CWOA is better than the comparison algorithm in most cases. In addition, to verify the engineering effectiveness of the algorithm, the CWOA is applied to the clustering. The CWOA has better intra cluster-distance compared with other algorithms.
Heavy metal detection in industrial waste water using Ficus Benjamina leaf extract mediated Ag nanoparticles
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Singh Priyanka , Sidhu Harvinder Kaur , Aggarwal Nupur , Nagireddi Srinu , Anand Gagan , Sharma Navdeep , Malhotra Saransh , Panwar Ranvir Singh 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Polycrystalline Ag NPs were synthesized by environment benign and cost effective green route method using Ficus Benjamina leaf extract (FBLE). As-synthesized Ag NPs were characterized using various techniques such as X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Structural analysis was carried out by employing the Rietveld refinement method which revealed that FBLE: Ag NPs exhibited face centered cubic crystallinity with space group \(Fm\stackrel{-}{3}m\) and space group no 225. FTIR spectra displayed the existence of phytochemicals such as phenols belonging to hydroxyl group (-OH) as bending vibration appeared at 3435 cm− 1 and 1638 cm− 1, respectively. Surface morphology and microstructure of FBLE: Ag NPs were depicted using FESEM and it was observed that biosynthesized Ag NPs showed well interlinked and homogenous distribution of grains with an average grain size of 31.12 ± 0.44 nm. FBLE: Ag NPs were used to detect heavy metals such as Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), and Zinc (Zn) present in industrial waste water of different factories including textile, steel, and chemical.
Cognitive rehabilitation for improving cognitive functions and reducing the severity of depressive symptoms in adult patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials
Authors: Mokhtari Saba , Mokhtari Asieh , Bakizadeh Farah , Moradi Alireza , Shalbafan Mohammadreza 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Nearly 40% of patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) have been found to experience cognitive impairment in at least one domain. Cognitive impairment associated with MDD is disproportionately represented in patients that have not fully returned to psychosocial functioning. As awareness regarding cognitive dysfunction in MDD patients grows, so does the interest in developing newer treatments that specifically address these deficits.
Method
In the present study, we conduct a systematic review of controlled randomized clinical trials that used cognitive training and remediation interventions for improving cognitive functions and reducing symptom severity in adult patients with MDD. We selected studies published before March 2022 using search databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google scholar. For conducting the meta-analysis, standard differences in means with the random effect model and with a 95% confidence interval of change in outcome measures from baseline to post-intervention between the cognitive rehabilitation and the control groups were calculated.
Results
The database search resulted in identifying 756 studies of interest, which ultimately 15 studies with 410 participants in the cognitive rehabilitation group and 339 participants in the control group were included. The meta-analysis of the data extracted from these studies, shows a moderate and significant effect on the executive function (0.59 (95% CI, 0.25 to 0.93) p-value = 0.001, I2 = 15.2%), verbal learning (0.45 (95% CI, 0.12 to 0.78) p-value = 0.007, I2 = 0.00%), and working memory (0.41 (95% CI, 0.18 to 0.64) p-value < 0.001, I2 = 33%) of MDD patients. Although, there were no significant difference between intervention and control group in attention (0.32 (95% CI, -0.01 to 0.66) p-value = 0.058, I2 = 0.00%) or depressive symptoms.
Conclusion
This systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that cognitive rehabilitation is an effective intervention for the executive function, verbal learning, and working memory of MDD patients. Due to the importance of these neuropsychological deficits in day-to-day life and the core symptoms of MDD, cognitive rehabilitation should be considered an important part of treating MDD. Further research in this area and concentrated on these particular deficits is warranted.
The physiological responses of two aquatic plants, Alternanthera philoxeroides (Alligator Weed) and Nasturtium officinale (Watercress) to heavy metal exposure
Authors: Beals Christopher , King Hannah , Bailey Ginger 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Alternanthera philoxeroides is a nonnative invasive plant species that has spread throughout the wetland ecosystem in the southern part of the United States. Its invasion is facilitated by its ability to thrive in a wide range of abiotic conditions. Nasturtium officinale is an aquatic plant that is sensitive to relatively low amounts of pollution and is most commonly found in springs and shallow bodies of water. While A. philoxeroides tolerates organic pollution and heavy metals, N. officinale exhibits stress at low levels of pollution. We examined the effects of copper and lead on the antioxidant enzyme response of A. philoxeroides and N. officinale, which was measured using a benchtop luminometer. Alternanthera philoxeroides antioxidant enzyme production was unaffected by increasing concentrations of both copper and lead. The antioxidant enzyme response of N. officinale showed a significant increase when plants were exposed to 10 and 25 ppm lead. Endogenous peroxidase concentrations of the control plants were also compared showing that A. philoxeroides possessed a significantly higher concentration of peroxidases than N. officinale. We hypothesize that a higher endogenous peroxidase concentration may be a mechanism that hyperaccumulator plants use to tolerate inhospitable environmental conditions.
Efficacy and safety of ciprofol for sedation/anesthesia in patients undergoing hysteroscopy: a randomized, single-blind, parallel-group, controlled trial
Authors: Lan Haiyan , Wu Jimin , Shan Weifeng , Wu Yini , Xu Qiaomin , Dong Xiaoli , Mei Peiyi , Duan Gongchen , You Minji , Jin Linfei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of ciprofol and propofol for hysteroscopy.
Methods: A total of 150 patients undergoing hysteroscopy were randomly assigned to a ciprofol (Group C) or propofol group (Group P). Group C received an induction dose of 0.4 mg/kg and a maintenance dosage of 1.0 mg/kg/h. In Group P, propofol was started at 2.0 mg/kg and then maintained at 5.0 mg/kg/h. All cases received intravenous sufentanil 0.1 µg/kg for analgesic preconditioning. Changes in heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, peripheral oxygen saturation, and bispectral index were recorded after admission (T0), before the initiation of sedative infusion (T1), 2 min after anesthesia (T2), 5 min after anesthesia (T3), 10 min after anesthesia (T4), end of operation (T5), 5 min after operation (T6), and 10 min after operation (T7). Additionally, the incidence rates of adverse events, disappearance time of the eyelash reflex, and the awakening time were compared between the two groups.
Results: The success rate of sedation in each group was 100%. The mean eyelash reflex disappearance and awakening times were 1.4 min and 5.4 min, respectively, for ciprofol and 1.2 min and 4.6 min, respectively, for propofol. The bispectral index change pattern for ciprofol was similar to that of propofol and was stable during maintenance of anesthesia. After drug administration, the blood pressure in Group C was more stable than that in Group P (P< 0.001). The incidence of respiratory adverse events in Group P (23.0%) was much higher than that in Group C (2.7%) (P< 0.001). The incidence of injection pain in Group C was significantly lower than that in Group P (P< 0.001). No serious adverse events occurred in any patients.
Conclusions: Ciprofol proved to be a safer alternative than propofol for anesthesia during hysteroscopy. Compared with propofol, ciprofol does not cause injection pain, exerts less effect on hemodynamics, and causes less respiratory depression.
Barriers to access to COVID-19 early detection in socially vulnerable communities in southern Puerto Rico
Authors: Arroyo-Andújar Luis A , Martínez Iris S , Morales Luisa M , Sánchez-Cruz Gina , Castro Eida M , Marzán-Rodríguez Melissa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has presented challenges around access to prevention strategies. In particular, with the early detection of the virus in socially vulnerable populations (SVC). The main objective of this study was to explore the experiences of community leaders (CL) managing the COVID-19 public health emergency in some SVC in southern Puerto Rico. This data will present an overview of the barriers that still exist around COVID-19 testing.
Methods: A qualitative exploratory study was carried out between March 2021 and March 2022. We conducted a total of 27 of in-depth interviews with CLs from southern Puerto Rico. A qualitative codebook was developed using the five domains of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) model plus other domains pertinent to the project. Analysis was guided using the Grounded Theory principles. To conduct the analysis, the interviews were transcribed and reviewed to ensure the reliability of the data. A content analysis was performed using the NVivo v.12 program.
Results: The following CFIR domains were identified: 1) Intervention characteristics (n=43); 2) Outer Setting (n=186); 3) Inner Setting (n=195); 4) Characteristics of Individuals (n=68); 5) Process (n=17); 6) COVID-19 Pandemic (n=355); 7) Implementation Strategies (n=40); 8) Barriers for Implementation (n=41; 9) Facilitators for Implementation (n=5); and 10) Recommendation (n=45). The results show that there are still barriers for SVC residents to access COVID-19 tests. These barriers are presented in the lack of screening campaigns in the communities, the cost and medical coverage, the perception of safety provided by the vaccine, and the people’s knowledge about COVID-19 tests.
Conclusion: It is important to address these barriers to provide tailored and effective health prevention strategies to the SVC.
The influence of axillary surgery and radiotherapeutic strategy on the risk of lymphedema and upper extremity dysfunction in early breast cancer patients
Authors: Zheng Siyue , Chen Chu-Ying , Qi Wei-Xiang , Cai Gang , Xu Cheng , Cai Rong , Qian Xiao-Fang , Shen Kun-Wei , Cao Lu , Chen Jia-Yi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Purpose
To explore the risk factors for breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) and upper extremity dysfunction (UED) in patients with early breast cancer after modern comprehensive treatment and to compare the safety of various treatment strategies.
Methods
From 2017 to 2020, a total of 1369 female patients with pT1-3N0-1M0 breast cancer who underwent adjuvant radiotherapy in our centre were retrospectively reviewed. BCRL and UED were identified by the Norman and QuickDASH questionnaires. The incidence, severity and risk factors for BCRL and UED were evaluated.
Results
After a median follow-up of 25 months, a total of 249 patients developed BCRL; ALND, increased number of dissected nodes, right-sided and hypofractionated radiotherapy containing RNI were found to be significant risk factors (all p values < 0.05). The sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) + regional nodal irradiation (RNI) group had a significantly lower BCRL risk than the ALND + RNI group (10.8% vs. 32.5%, HR = 0.426, p = 0.020), while there was no significant difference between ALND vs. ALND + RNI and SLNB vs. SLNB + RNI. A total of 193 people developed UED, and ALND (p = 0.02) was the only significant risk factor. The SLNB + RNI group had a significantly decreased risk of UED compared with the ALND + RNI group (7.5% vs. 23.9%, HR = 0.260, p = 0.001), and there was no significant difference between SLNB vs. SLNB + RNI and ALND vs. ALND + RNI.
Conclusion
Aggressive ALND remains the primary risk factor for BCRL and UED. Whether hypofractionated RNI would increase the risk of BCRL needs to be validated in a larger population.
Research Activity Practices and Affecting Factors among Medical Science Educators in their Early Academic Career
Authors: Leminie Abebaye , Wondimagegnehu Amha 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Research activities provide educators with valuable knowledge and skills. Publishing research articles, and presenting the findings at conferences are important among medical educators in their early academic career. However, the level of their research activity practice and affecting factors have not been investigated at Addis Ababa University.
Objectives: Assessing the level of research practices and affecting factors among medical educators in an early academic career at Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine
Methods: One hundred ninety-five medical educators from all departments in the Scholl of Medicine have participated in this study. Proportional allocation and random sampling techniques were used to select each participant. Socio-demographic and other data were collected using self-administered pretested questionnaires. Data were entered and processed using SPSS version 21.0. Independent t-tests and one-way ANOVA were used.
Results: The average number of articles published and presented at conferences per year in the last five years was low (.47±.35 and .45±.29, respectively). These publications were significantly higher among participants with a monthly salary of >10,470 than a monthly salary of ≤ 10, 470 (.45±.37 vs. .39±.28, p=0.03) Ethiopian birrs. Participants with moderate attitudes had published more articles than participants with less attitude towards CPD activities (.65±.43 vs. .20±.00, p=0.10). Medical educators with a higher academic experience of greater than fifteen years published more research articles than educators with an academic experience of fewer than five years (.80±.45 vs .39±.31, p=0.000). Participants from basic science departments presented more articles at conferences than participants from clinical science departments (.56±.29 vs. .39±.28, p=0.000).
Conclusion: Research activities were low and affected by monthly salary, and field of the study. Effective research activity programs are crucial to improve research productivity among medical educators in their early academic career.
“Iron deficiency &amp; Iron Deficiency Anaemia/Anaemia as a diagnostic indicator for Coeliac Disease: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis”
Authors: Shams Sahar , Shams Sahar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Coeliac disease (CD) is a widely reported disease particularly in countries with predominant Caucasian populations. It presents with many signs and symptoms including iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anaemia/anaemia (IDA/A). The exact association between ID, IDA/A and CD and how accurate these signs are in diagnosing CD is not fully known. This systematic review was conducted to investigate the accuracy of both ID & IDA/A as a diagnostic indicator for CD and whether it warrants point of care testing. A systematic review was performed looking at studies published in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. QUADAS-2 tool was used to assess risk of bias in each study. ROC curve and forest plots were generated as part of the meta-analysis after data extraction. 16 studies were identified in total, 13 of which were IDA/A studies and 3 ID studies. The prevalence of CD regardless of diagnostic indicator was assumed as 1%. The QUADAS-2 tool indicated most of studies as having high risk of bias. The PPV for CD was higher in those with ID than for those with IDA/A. Meta-analysis showed the overall odds of having CD is 5 times higher in individuals with ID & IDA/A. The ROC curve showed that there is definitely an association between both diagnostic indicators and CD, the association is not a particularly strong one due to great heterogeneity between studies. Whilst an association between IDA/A & ID and coeliac disease was evident, the results were not deemed significant enough to prompt coeliac disease testing in those with IDA/A & ID.
Correlating Structure and Activity of Pepsin Enzyme in H2O and D2O for The Study of Gastric Digestion
Authors: Bayrak Meltem , Han Qi , Greaves Tamar L. , Seibt Susanne , Yu Haitao , Floury Juliane , Mata Jitendra , Logan Amy , Conn Charlotte 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Pepsin is an aspartic acid protease and the first protease that proteins encounter in the gastrointestinal tract. In vitro digestion assays on proteins including those found in food, or as oral protein and peptide drugs, often involve different solvents or pH conditions where the activity of the digestive enzyme may not be optimal. To improve the accuracy of these assays it is, therefore, important to understand the effect of common experimental conditions, such as solvent, on enzymes such as pepsin. Herein we investigate the activity and structure of porcine pepsin in H2O and D2O at pH values between 1–8. When dissolved in D2O, the enzyme activity of pepsin between pH 1–3 decreased to 60% of the activity in H2O. However, the relative change in activity with pH was similar in D2O and H2O. CD measurements demonstrated that changing the pH and solvent did not influence the secondary structure of the pepsin enzyme. SAXS analysis revealed that structural changes to pepsin did not occur until a pH value between pH 7 and 8, at which point it was denatured and adopted an extended state. Therefore, changes in the pepsin enzymatic activity with pH and solvent change were found to be related to the solubility of pepsin but not to the structure of the protein. In digestion studies, pepsin activity is determined based on its measured activity in H2O at pH 3, regardless of the dynamic pH conditions in digestion or the local environment of the pepsin. This research has therefore significant applicability in improved setups for future digestion and drug bioavailability experiments, as well as future neutron scattering, NMR, and FTIR experiments for enzyme studies in D2O.
Exploring Influential nodes Using Global and Local Information
Authors: Hu Haifeng , Sun Zejun , Wang Feifei , Zhang Liwen , Wang Guan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In complex networks, key nodes are important factors affecting the network structure and function. Accurate mining and identifying key nodes can help people better control and utilize complex networks. In this paper, We report an accurate and efficient algorithm for critical node mining, Exploring Influential Nodes Using Global and Local Information (GLI), for the existing key node identification method that only considers local information or local information. The method of node influence includes two parts: global influence and local influence. Global influence is determined by the K-shell hierarchical information of the node. Local influence is determined jointly by the number of edges connected by the node, and the given values of the adjacent nodes. where the given values of the adjacent nodes is determined by the degree and K-shell hierarchical information. while introducing the similarity coefficient of neighbors. The proposed method solves the problems of high global algorithm complexity and low accuracy of local algorithms. The simulation experiment takes the SIR model as the reference, ten typical network models were selected as datasets, Comparing the GLI algorithm to typical algorithms at different periods, The results show that GLI effectively solves the problems of high complexity of global algorithm and low accuracy of local algorithm.
Transfer-Learning is a Key Ingredient to Fast Deep Learning-Based 4D Liver MRI Reconstruction
Authors: Gulamhussene Gino , Rak Marko , Bashkanov Oleksii , Joeres Fabian , Omari Jazan , Pech Maciej , Hansen Christian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Time-resolved volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (4D MRI) could be used to address organ motion in image-guidedinterventions like tumor ablation. Current 4D reconstruction techniques are unsuitable for most interventional settings becausethey are limited to specific breathing phases, lack temporal/spatial resolution, and have long prior acquisitions or reconstructiontimes. Deep learning-based (DL) 4D MRI approaches promise to overcome these shortcomings but are sensitive to anotherproblem, which is domain shift. This work shows that transfer learning (TL) can help alleviate this key challenge. Data from20 healthy subjects were acquired and split into 16 source and 4 target domain subjects. We compare models trained fromscratch on target domain data with models fine-tuned from a pre-trained model. Significant improvements (P<.001) of the rootmean squared error (RMSE) of up to 12% (effect size d=-0.5), the mean displacement (MDISP) of up to 12.5% (d=-0.263), andthe deformation-normalized RMSE (DN_RMSE) of up to 15% (d=-0.679) are reported. The smaller the target domain dataamount, the larger the effect. This shows that TL significantly reduces beforehand acquisition time and improves reconstructionquality, rendering it a key component in making 4D MRI clinically feasible for the first time in the context of 4D organ motionmodels of the liver and beyond.