bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maximizing Active Fe Species in ZSM-5 Zeolite Using Organic-Template-Free Synthesis for Efficient Selective Methane Oxidation
Authors: Cheng Qingpeng , Li Guanna , Yao Xueli , Zheng Lirong , Wang Junhu , Emwas Abdel-Hamid , Castaño Pedro , Ruiz-Martinez Javier , Han Yu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The selective oxidation of CH4 in the aqueous phase to produce valuable chemicals has attracted considerable research attention due to its mild reaction conditions and simple process. As the most widely studied catalyst for this reaction, Fe-containing ZSM-5 zeolite (Fe-ZSM-5) demonstrates high intrinsic activity and selectivity; however, Fe-ZSM-5 prepared using conventional methods has a limited number of active Fe sites, resulting in low CH4 conversion per unit mass of the catalyst. To address this issue, this study reports a facile organic-template-free synthesis strategy that enables the incorporation of more Fe into the zeolite framework with a higher dispersion degree compared to conventional synthesis methods. Because framework Fe incorporated in this way is more readily to transform into isolated extra-framework Fe species under thermal treatment, the overall effect is that Fe-ZSM-5 prepared using this method (Fe-HZ5-TF) has three times as many catalytically active sites as conventional Fe-ZSM-5. When used for the selective oxidation of CH4 (30.5 bar) with 0.5 M H2O2 at 75°C, Fe-HZ5-TF produced a record high C1 oxygenate yield of 106.3 mmol gcat−1 h− 1 (a HCOOH selectivity of 91.3%), surpassing other catalysts reported to date. Spectroscopic characterization and density functional theory calculations revealed that the active sites in Fe-HZ5-TF are mononuclear Fe species in the form of [(H2O)3Fe(IV) = O]2+ bound to Al pairs in the zeolite framework. This differs from conventional Fe-ZSM-5, where binuclear Fe acts as the active site. Analysis of the catalyst and product evolution during the reaction suggests a radical-driven pathway to explain CH4 activation at the mononuclear Fe site and subsequent conversion to C1 oxygenates.
Impact of Causality in Dispersive Soils on the Effective Length of Grounding Electrodes
Authors: Ostadzadeh Saeed Reza , Sajjadi Seyyed Sajjad , Sadeghi Seyed Hesamedin Hossein 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We present a study of the causality of dispersive soil models for exact prediction of the effective length of grounding electrodes in single and two-layer soils. The causal and non-causal models of dispersive soil are applied to the analysis of grounding electrodes subject to two typical ﬁrst and subsequent return-strokes. For computations, we adopt the computationally efficient multi-conductor transmission line method. The simulation results show that the causality plays an important role on the effective length so that under causal assumption it can be less or greater than that of the non-causal counterpart, depending on the low-frequency resistivity of lossy soil and current waveform. The difference between causal and non-causal models for predicting the effective length is more pronounced for subsequent return current, whereas for first stroke current it is ignorable. Moreover, the simulation results show that the burial depth effect in causal and non-causal-dispersive soils should be considered for subsequent stroke current. The mentioned facts are observable in two-layer dispersive soils as well when the upper layer is denser than the lower one.
After then, causal-based formulae for predicting effective lengths of grounding electrodes buried in dispersive soils are proposed. Finally, the impact of causal and non-causal-based effective lengths on the touch and step voltages for both single and two-layer soils is investigated.
Microwave-assisted Synthesis of TiO2-based Transformer Nanofluid: Investigation on the perspective of Electrical and Thermal Properties
Authors: Koperundevi G. , Raja S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The study on dispersing nanoparticles in transformer oil to elevate their dielectric properties has evolved significantly in the recent decade. Alongside the conventional dispersion techniques (mechanical stirring & ultrasonic homogenization) in practice, this work experiments with the microwave energy of 2.45 GHz frequency radiated onto the TiO2 nanoparticle-based nanofluid (TNF). The electrical and thermal properties of TNF (TiO2 nanoparticle & surfactant dispersed in transformer mineral oil) are experimentally investigated & presented in this article. Effective synthesis procedure to enhance the dielectric properties with good dispersivity has been recognized from the superlative combination of dispersion techniques. Its effectiveness in enhancing the electrical and thermal properties is investigated by verifying its dielectric breakdown strength, dielectric constant (εr), dielectric dissipation factor (tan δ), and flash & fire point. Results justified that the TNF synthesized by combining the processes of stirring, Ultrasonic homogenization, and microwave irradiation in a rational sequence exhibited better electrical & unaltered thermal properties when compared with samples prepared through stirring and sonication. TNF prepared through microwave synthesis improved the AC breakdown voltage (BDV) by 16.92% more than TNF prepared without microwave synthesis. Hence this could be an effective route to prepare the TNF with improved electrical properties.
Investigation of two metabolic engineering approaches for (R,R)-2,3-butanediol production from glycerol in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Vikromvarasiri Nunthaphan , Noda Shuhei , Shirai Tomokazu , Kondo Akihiko 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Flux Balance Analysis (FBA) is a well-known bioinformatics tool for metabolic engineering design. Previously, we have successfully used single-level FBA to design metabolic fluxes in Bacillus subtilis to enhance (R,R)-2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) production from glycerol. OptKnock is another powerful technique for devising gene deletion strategies to maximize microbial growth coupling with improved biochemical production. It has never been used in B. subtilis. In this study, we aimed to compare the use of single-level FBA and OptKnock for designing enhanced 2,3-BD production from glycerol in B. subtilis. Results: Single-level FBA and OptKnock were used to design metabolic engineering approaches for B. subtilis to enhance 2,3-BD production from glycerol. Single-level FBA indicated that deletion of ackA, pta, lctE, and mmgA would improve the production of 2,3-BD from glycerol, while OptKnock simulation suggested the deletion of ackA, pta, mmgA, and zwf. Consequently, strains LM01 (single-level FBA-based) and MZ02 (OptKnock-based) were constructed, and their capacity to produce 2,3-BD from glycerol investigated. The deletion of multiple genes did not negatively affect strain growth and glycerol utilization. The highest 2,3-BD production was detected in strain LM01. Strain MZ02 produced 2,3-BD at a similar level as the wild type, indicating that the OptKnock prediction was erroneous. Two-step FBA was performed to examine the reason for the erroneous OptKnock prediction. Additional observations, we found that zwf gene deletion in strain MZ02 improved lactate production, which has never been reported to date. The predictions of single-level FBA for strain MZ02 were in line with experimental findings.Conclusions: We showed that single-level FBA is an effective approach for metabolic design and manipulation to enhance 2,3-BD production from glycerol in B. subtilis. The mmgA gene knockout suggested by single-level FBA improved the 2,3-BD productivity. Further, while this approach predicted the phenotypes of generated strains with high precision, OptKnock prediction was not accurate. We suggest that OptKnock modelling predictions be evaluated by using single-level FBA to ensure the accuracy of metabolic pathway design.
Evolutionary Game of Low-carbon Manufacturing and Government Regulation under Different Subsidy and Penalty Mechanisms
Authors: LI Guozhi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Subsidy and penalty are the two environmental regulatory policies that play an important role to promote low-carbon manufacturing. In this paper, using evolutionary game approach, we analyzed the behavioral strategies of manufacturers and local governments under four different subsidy and penalty mechanisms. Our results dynamic-subsidy-dynamic-penalty is the most effective mechanism to provide more incentives for the manufacturers to adopt low-carbon manufacturing strategies. In the long run, higher subsidy cannot increase the manufacturers' incentives for low-carbon transition while higher penalty is effective to increase the proportion of low-carbon manufacturing. It implies that penalty is more effective than subsidy to incentivize the manufacturers to choose low-carbon manufacturing.
Increased empathic distress in adults with experience of childhood trauma
Authors: Benz Annika B. E. , Dimitroff Stephanie J. , Jeggle Christin , Gaertner Raphaela , Meier Maria , Unternaehrer Eva , Bentele Ulrike U. , Denk Bernadette F. , Klink Elea , Pruessner Jens C. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
While many studies investigated basic facets of empathy, less is known about the association with early life adversity (ELA). To investigate a possible association of empathy with ELA, we assessed self-reported ELA, using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) for mother and father, and empathy, using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), in a sample of N=228 (83% female, agemean=30.51 ±9.88 years, agerange 18-60). Further, we measured willingness to donate a certain percentage of study compensation to a charity as an index of prosocial behavior.In line with our hypotheses that stated a positive association of empathy with ELA, increased levels of emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, and emotional and physical neglect were positively correlated with personal distress in response to others’ suffering. Likewise, higher paternal overprotection and lower paternal care were related to higher personal distress. Furthermore, while participants with higher levels of ELA generally donated more money, only higher levels of sexual abuse were significantly related to larger donations after correction for multiple statistical tests. Other facets of the IRI (empathic concern, perspective taking and fantasy) were not related to any other ELA measure. This suggests ELA only affects levels of personal distress.
Molecular characteristics of patients with colorectal signet-ring cell carcinoma with different ABO blood groups
Authors: Zhang Wan-Ning , Liang Wei-Jie , Zhang Ying , Liang Ming-Jian , Zhang Ming-Juan , Ke Miao-La , Chen Qi , Mo Zhou-Pei , Wu Mei-Yi , Weng Xue-Zi , Han Rui , Liang Yong-Neng , Lin Wenqian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Colorectal signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) is a rare subtype of malignant adenocarcinomas. Its biomarker and molecular characteristics remain controversial, and there are no specific therapeutic targets and strategies for clinical treatment. A retrospective study was performed and the extracted data included patients’ clinical variables and genomics (either 19-gene or 1021-gene panel NGS). From 2010 to 2021, 64 patients were included. The blood groups of 27 (42.2%), 18 (28.1%), 12 (18.8%), and 7 (10.9%) patients were O, A, B, and AB, respectively. We found that O was a unique blood group which had better prognosis different from non-O blood groups, characterized by a low frequency of KRAS mutations, a high frequency of heterozygous at each HLA class I locus and greater numbers of tumor mutational burden (TMB). Patients with blood group A with high frequency KRAS mutations and patients with blood group B with anemia and metabolic abnormalities had worse OS and needed targeted treatment. The study initially revealed genomic changes in SRCC patients with different blood groups and could advance the understanding and precision treatment of the colorectal SRCC. Blood group O might be a novel target for immunotherapy of colorectal SRCC.
Efficacy of mycosynthesized silver nanoparticles to combat antibiotic resistance against multidrug resistance pathogen
Authors: Fatima Faria 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance posing a significant public health hazard globally due to the emergence of MDR microbes. Infectious disease caused by MDROs are becoming a major cause of morbidity and mortality across the world. Nanotechnology based on nanoscale materials is rapidly being used in clinical setting, particularly as a new approach for infectious illnesses. Recently, many physical/chemical approaches used to produce nanoparticles are expensive and highly unsafe to biological species and ecosystem. This study demonstrated an environmentally friendly mode of producing NPs where Fusarium oxysporum has been employed for biological production of nanoparticles (AgNPs), which have antimicrobial action against a variety of multidrug resistant (MDR) microorganisms. Ultraviolet Visible spectroscopy, Dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have been used to depict the characteristics of NPs. The NPs were spherical and monodispersed in form. The anti-microbial effectiveness of myco-derived AgNPs was further evaluated against MDR pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Vibrio cholerae, Bacillus anthracis, Aspergillus flavus, Alternaria alternata and Trichoderma sp. SEM analysis also confirmed the hyphal damage where the layers of hyphal membranes were torn off. Thus, these AgNPs may be used against drug-resistant infections in the near future.
Neural Network-Based Cyber-Bullying and Cyber-Aggression Detection Using Twitter Text
Authors: AGBAJE MICHAEL , Afolabi Oreoluwa 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cyber-bullying and Cyber-aggression has led to lots of death of individuals, mental instability of victims, increase in frustration, anger, decrease in confidence, stress, fear of the unknown, tension, sleep disorder amongst others. The availability of internet which has brought about social networking; various social media platforms now exist providing space for varied expressions and opinions. Nevertheless, due to dynamic nature and easy access of the platform, the use spiteful and hateful words have promoted Cyber-bullying and Cyber-aggression. Thus, approximately half of young social media users experiences digital harassment such as Cyber-bullying and Cyber-aggression. In this research, a sentiment detection system is proposed using the text data. RNN is used for the text analysis and CNN for image analysis. The text data is generated from Twitter through Twitter API. The efficiency and performance of models were evaluated with RNN and CNN outperforming the other classification algorithms achieving accuracy of 0.951 and 0.911 also, F-Measure scores were 0.910 and 0.890 respectively.
Cavitation characteristics and suppression of pilot stage two-dimensional valve
Authors: Zhao Yonghua , Xing Tong , Ding Chuan , Wang Heyuan , Ruan Jian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The two-dimensional (2D) valve integrates the spool pilot and power stages to realize the valve's fast operation and high-frequency response. It has the advantages of simple structure, stable performance, and large power-to-weight ratio. In this paper, the cavitation flow in the pilot stage of the 2D valve is analyzed utilizing computational fluid dynamics. The effects of inlet and outlet pressure difference, outlet pressure, and valve opening velocity on cavitation are studied, and a U-shaped groove structure is designed to restrain cavitation. The results demonstrate that the greater the pressure difference, the higher is the cavitation intensity. Furthermore, the cavitation intensity increases with decrease in outlet pressure. The cavitation phenomenon occurs in the 2D valve pilot stage when the valve opening speed is high, and there is no cavitation in the flow channel with the decrease of the valve opening speed. After U-shaped grooves are opened on both sides of the valve sleeve groove, the cavitation number in the 2D valve pilot stage increases significantly compared with the original inclined groove structure under the same pressure difference. Additionally, the effect of restraining cavitation is pronounced with the increase of the width–depth ratio of U-shaped grooves, and the cavitation number increases.
Towards Sensory Assessment Classification using Short-Wave NIR Spectroscopy for Orange Cultivars
Authors: Zeb Ayesha , Qureshi Waqar Shahid , Ghafoor Abdul , Malik Amanullah , Imran Muhammad , Mirza Alina , Tiwana Mohsin , Alanazi Eisa 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The global orange industry constantly faces new technical challenges to meet consumer demands for quality fruits. Instead of traditional subjective fruit quality assessment methods, the interest in the horticulture industry has increased in objective, quantitative, and non-destructive assessment methods. Oranges have a thick peel which makes their non-destructive quality assessment challenging. This paper evaluates the potential of short-wave NIR spectroscopy and direct sweetness classification for Pakistani cultivars of orange i.e., Blood red, Mosambi, and Succari. The correlation between quality indices i.e., Brix, titratable acidity (TA), Brix: TA and BrimA (Brix minus acids), sensory assessment of the fruit, and short-wave NIR spectra is analyzed. Mix cultivar oranges are then classified as sweet, mixed, and acidic based on short-wave NIR spectra. Short-wave NIR spectral data was obtained using the industry standard F-750 fruit quality meter (310-1100 nm). Reference Brix and TA measurements were taken using standard destructive testing methods. Reference taste labels i.e., sweet, mix and acidic, were acquired by sensory evaluation of samples. For indirect fruit classification, partial least squares regression models were developed for Brix, TA, Brix:TA and BrimA estimation with a correlation coefficient of 0.57, 0.73, 0.66 and 0.55 respectively, on independent test data. For direct fruit classification, the ensemble classifier achieved 81.03% accuracy for 3 class (sweet, mix and acidic) classification on independent test data. We observed a good correlation between NIR spectra and sensory assessment instead of quality indices. Hence, direct classification is more suitable for orange sweetness classification using NIR spectroscopy than the estimation of quality indices.
Harmful algal bloom by the dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans (Macartney) Kofoid &amp; Swezy severely impacts coral reef fishes in the Gulf of Mannar, Southeast coast of India
Authors: Gunasekaran K. , Yosuva M. , Karthikeyan P , Subagunasekar M. , Prabhu K , Mahesh R. , Saravanakumar A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Marine fisheries and biodiversity in the Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu, were severely impacted by the blooms of dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans, on 10th October 2021. The bloom affected the marine biodiversity in a 15 km2 area between Keelarai to Mudal in the Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu, India. Post bloom observations showed mass mortality of a variety of finfish, ornamental fish, bivalves, shellfish, sea anemones, sea slugs, sea cucumbers, sea horses, polychaete worms, and seaweed that washed ashore. Two damselfish species Dascyllus reticulatus and D. trimaculatus were deleteriously affected. The intense N. scintillans bloom killed 0.83 tons of damselfish, equivalent to approximately 9 million fish, and 1.67 tons of commercially important fish valued at US$ 11.5 M.
Recent Advances in Biological Active Sulfonamide based Hybrid
Compounds Part B: Two-Component Sulfonamide Hybrids
Authors: Ghomashi Shakila , Ghomashi Reihane , Aghaei Hamidreza , Massah Ahmad Reza 
Published: July 2022

Abstract:
Sulfonamide compounds, also known as sulfa drugs, are a significant class of
synthetic bacteriostatic antimicrobials and were the primary source of therapy against bacterial
infections before the introduction of penicillin in 1941. Hybridization of sulfonamides
with various pharmaceutically active heterocyclic moieties leads to sulfonamide
hybrids with a wide variety of biological activities. Part B of this review presents the most
recent advances in designing and developing more two-component sulfonamide hybrids
containing triazole, thiadiazole, triazine, oxazole/ benzoxazole, isoxazole, oxadiazole, imidazole,
benzimidazole, furan, benzofuran, thiophene, pyrrole, indazole, tetrazole,
chromene/ chromone, pyridazine, quinoxaline, acridine, phthalazine, and xanthone between
2015 and 2020. We hope this review helps the scientific community in designing
more useful sulfonamide hybrid drugs.
Real-life Effectiveness of Omalizumab in Patients with Severe Allergic Asthma: RELIEF Study
Authors: Al Ahmad Mona , Borboa Olivares Lilia Margarita , Cardoso Alexandre Pinto , Djazmati Wagih , Vinuesa Miguel Angel , Domínguez María de Jesús García , Neto Alcindo Cerci , Gamboa Luis Ugalde , Lee Jason K. , Pinho Nadine , Tassinari Paolo 
Published: July 2022

Introduction:
Patients with severe allergic asthma (SAA) are at risk of severe exacerbations. Omalizumab is recommended as an add-on treatment for patients with uncontrolled SAA, despite high-dose inhaled corticosteroids and long acting β2-agonist combination therapy (standard therapy).
RELIEF was a prospective, open label, multicenter study conducted to assess the real-life effectiveness of omalizumab co-administered with standard therapy in patients with SAA for 24 months.

Methods:
A total of 347 patients aged ≥ 6 years with SAA were enrolled, 285 of whom (8 pediatrics and 277 adolescents and adults) completed this 24-month study. Compared with the 12 months prior to baseline, the mean number of exacerbations was reduced in the overall population at any time interval during the study. Proportion of patients with no exacerbations increased to 77.7% at 24 months from 32.6% at 12 months prior to baseline. A reduction in healthcare resource utilization was also observed. The mean number of specialist visits reduced from baseline (5.8 visits) to 2.4 visits at Month 24.

Results:
The mean asthma control test score was >19 at every time-point during the study. The rate of Global Evaluation of Treatment Effectiveness (GETE) for asthma response significantly increased at Months 18 and 24 (P <0.05) compared to baseline. Pulmonary function remained relatively stable for the overall study population. There were no new or unexpected safety findings in the study.

Conclusion:
RELIEF study showed that add-on therapy with omalizumab is effective in reducing exacerbations, healthcare utilization, and improving GETE score in patients with SAA uncontrolled by standard therapy.
Free Mobile Geographic Information Apps Functionalities: A Systematic
Review
Authors: Fhel Badr El , Idri Ali , Sardi Lamyae 
Published: July 2022

Background and Objectives:
Geographic Information System (GIS) is a system
designed to capture, store, analyze, and manage all types of geographical data. Mobile GIS has
the ability to deliver functionalities, data and services without necessarily requiring a fixed
location or wired connection. This paper analyzes the functionalities and potential of free mobile
GIS applications available in Google Play Store and Apple App Store.

Method:
A well-known Systematic Literature Review (SLR) protocol was carried out to study
free mobile GIS apps functionalities. A quality assessment questionnaire was developed for this
purpose to be applied to the selected mobile GIS apps.

Results:
A total of 42 mobile GIS apps were selected from Apple App Store and Google Play
Store. The results showed that the majority of mobile GIS apps support Global Positioning
System (GPS) and were designed to be mainly used in geography, topography, Geo-Positioning,
and transport domains. The search also showed that the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC)
protocols for web services remain less integrated in the apps.

Conclusion:
The features of mobile GIS were discussed and a set of recommendations to
improve the development of mobile GIS applications was proposed.