bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive CCM3 Mutational Analysis in Patients with Syndromic Cerebral Cavernous Malformation
Authors: Galvão Gustavo , Silva Elielson da , Trefilio Luisa , Alves-Leon Soniza , Fontes-Dantas Fabrícia , de Souza Jorge 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (CCM) is a vascular disease that affects the central nervous system, which familial form is due to autosomal dominant mutations in the genes KRIT1/CCM1, MGC4607/CCM2 and PDCD10/CCM3. Patients affected by the PDCD10 mutations usually have the onset of symptoms at an early age and a more aggressive phenotype. To contribute to knowledge about the disease, we performed clinical, functional, and neuroradiological analyses of the mutations in PDCD10/CCM3 in two patients comparing the findings with five patients with familial form from CCM1/KRIT1 or CCM2/MGC4607 mutations and six patients with sporadic form. In addition, we have evaluated the PDCD10/CCM3 gene expression by qPCR and developed a bioinformatic pipeline to assist in the possible clinical. The two CCM3 patients had an early onset of symptoms and a high lesion burden. Furthermore, the sequencing showed that P1 had a frameshift mutation (c.222delT;p.Asn75ThrfsTer14) and P2 a variant on the splicing region c.475-2A > G (p.A119Gfs*42). The mRNA expression was 4-fold lower in both patients with PDCD10/CCM3 mutation. In silico analysis, the prediction reveals that the frameshift mutation transcript lacks the C-terminal FAT-homology domain compared to the 212 aa-length wild-type PDCD10/CCM3 and preserves the N-terminal dimerization domain. We also demonstrated a related pathway that might explain the interplay between low-grade astrocytomas and PDCD10 CCM, a possible manifestation of the syndromic disease. The two mutations support the understanding of the protein-protein interaction between PDCD10 and several essential cellular proteins that might contribute to the mechanistic understanding of why some individuals with CCM3 have a syndromic phenotype.
Genetic polymorphisms are associated with imatinib plasma levels and periorbital edema in Chinese patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors receiving adjuvant imatinib
Authors: Jiang Xuehui , Fu Qun , Kong Ying , Liu Hong , Rexiti Kaisaner , Wei Xiaohua , Xiao Pin , Peng Hongwei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose Imatinib mesylate (IM) offers a significant survival benefit to patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). However, the clinical responses of IM vary drastically between individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the role of genetic polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes, transporters and drug targets in IM plasma levels and adverse reactions in Chinese patients with GIST.Methods The dose-adjusted trough plasma levels (C0/D) of IM in 95 patients were quantified using two-dimensional liquid chromatography. Nine SNPs in six genes were detected. The relationships between C0/D, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and adverse reactions were tested. Logistic regression was used to test the risk factors for IM-related grade ≥ 2 periorbital edema.Results A range of C0/D from 1.33 to 7.04 ng/mL·mg-1 for the 95 patients was found. G allele carriers (CG+GG) of SLC22A1 rs683369 and T allele carriers (GT+TT) of ABCG2 rs2231142 had significantly higher C0/D. For all grades of periorbital edema, an increase in incidence with age was found, while this differed from more severe periorbital edema. Grade ≥ 2 periorbital edema was related to the carriership of two C-alleles in EGFR rs2072454 with an adjusted OR of 2.85 (95% CI=1.10–7.40; P=0.032), two T-alleles in SLC22A1 rs1867351 with an adjusted OR of 3.42 (95% CI=1.32–8.88; P=0.010) and two A-alleles in CYP1A2 rs11636419 with an adjusted OR of 3.15 (95% CI=1.08–9.20; P=0.036). None of the nine SNPs was found to be related to gastrointestinal reactions.Conclusions Rs683369 and rs2231142 have an impact on the metabolism of IM; rs2072454, rs1867351, and rs11636419 are linked to grade ≥ 2 periorbital edema. These SNPs may be biomarkers for IM dose adjustment and IM-related grade ≥ 2 periorbital edema.
Effects of vertical central stabilizers on nonlinear wind-induced stabilization of a closed-box girder suspension bridge with various aspect ratios
Authors: zhou rui , Ge Yaojun , Yang Yongxin , Liu Qinkuan , Zhou Haijun , Zhang Lihai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aerodynamic shape of a closed-box girder plays an important role in the wind-induced stabilization of long-span suspension bridges. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the combination of five aspect ratios and a downward vertical central stabilizer (DVCS) on nonlinear flutter and aerostatic behaviors of a super long-span suspension bridge with closed-box girders. Through conducting a series of wind-tunnel tests and nonlinear finite element analysis, the results show that the nonlinear self-excited forces and the critical wind speed ( U cr ) gradually increases as the increase of the aspect ratio ( i.e. the width to height ratios). Particularly, the application of 20% deck height DVCS could significantly increase the U cr for these aspect ratios, and the enhancement in the flutter performance of the bridge is more obvious for a relatively small aspect ratio. Furthermore, the installation of the DVCS could change the flutter divergence patterns of the bridge from soft flutter to hard flutter, especially for a small aspect ratio. In addition, the aerostatic force coefficients and torsional divergence critical wind speeds of the larger aspect ratio with DVCS are significantly larger than that without DVCS. A relatively small aspect ratio of the bridge has better aerostatic performance than that of a larger aspect ratio.
The Effect of Crimson and High Pigment Genes on Color Development in Detached Immature Tomato Fruits
Authors: Wann E. V. , Hills W. A. , Watson R. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Harvesting mature-green tomatoesis common practice where they are grown commercially for the fresh market. Usually, the tomato fields are picked 4 to 6 times in a season, as the most mature fruits on the vine reach the mature-green stage. If mechanical harvesting becomes a reality for fresh market tomatoes, a once-over harvest will probably be used instead of the usual multiple pick. Yields will then be limited by the number of fruits mature enough at a given time to ripen off-vine and meet market standards for color. It will be imperative to grow a variety that has a concentrated set and whose fruits have good ripening ability when harvested prematurely.
Identification of Prunin (Naringenin-7-Glucoside) in Dormant Peach Buds as a Wheat Coleoptile Growth Inhibitor1
Authors: Corgan J. N. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Naringenin in peach buds was first reported by Hendershott and Walker (5) in 1959 and later by Dennis and Edgerton (2), Samish and Lavee (8), and Corgan (1). Naringenin is of interest because of its inhibition of wheat coleoptile elongation and possible effect on rest of peach buds.
Vegetable Seed Industry and Government Cooperation in Research in the USA
Authors: Boswell Victor R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We believe it is vital that the scientists of our public research agencies really know and understand at first hand the problems of the seed and vegetable industries they are called upon to serve. We need to visit our seedsmen on their home grounds, and learn of their troubles, their successes, ideas, and practices. It is no less important for our seedsmen to know us, how we work, what we think, and what we can do—or cannot do—in their field of interest. Such mutual understandings have led, over the years, to some highly effective and satisfying cooperative relationships between our government agencies and our vegetable seed industry. Our respective backgrounds and experiences complement each other. We have developed a mutual trust and an appreciation of our interdependence in accomplishing our respective objectives. We, in government, know that industry know-how and collaboration have contributed enormously to the success of our ultimate objectives in research. And we trust that the benefits are mutual.
Possible Cause of a Disorder Known As Apple Tree Decline
Authors: Donoho C. W. , Beattie J. M. , Banta E. S. , Forsythe H. Y. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Apple tree decline is a serious disorder of many older apple orchards in Eastern United States. The first visible symptom is the general loss of tree vigor resulting in short terminal growth, small leaves, and lower productivity. Cessation of growth ocurs for no apparent reason and ordinary cultural practices, such as additional nitrogen fertilizer and heavy pruning, have failed to stimulate terminal shoot growth and fruiting of affected trees. The pattern is not for an occasional tree to be affected, but often large areas of the orchard or an entire block of trees will show various degrees of decline.
Effects of a Magnetic Field on the Germination of Apple, Apricot, and Peach Seeds1
Authors: Chao Lee , Walker David R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The effects of a magnetic field on biological systems have been studied extensively in recent years. Murphy (1) reported that a magnetic field accelerates seed germination. Boe and Salunkhe (2) suggested that the magnetic field might act upon auxin or enzyme reactions, or influence free radical formation in inducing tomato fruit ripening. Mericle et al. (3) reported that the magnetic field did not affect the rate of germination of barley seeds, but did increase the rate of shoot and root growth. According to Pittman (4), both germination and growth rates of wheat, oat, and barley seeds were enhanced by a magnetic field at certain orientation.
Association of Tomato Fruit Abnormalities with Tobacco Mosaic Virus Infection
Authors: Lewis G. D. , Taylor G. A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
There is considerable confusion in the literature regarding tomato fruit abnormalities variously termed “internal browning”, “gray wall”, “blotchy ripening”, and other less common terms such as “cloud” and “waxy patch”. It is difficult to determine if these names refer to one or more disorders because of the similarity of symptoms in ripening fruit. Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) has been shown to play an important role in the occurrence of various fruit symptoms (2, 3, 4), yet this factor frequently is not considered in dealing with ripening disorders (1,5,6).
Factors Affecting Internal Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Concentration of Citrus Fruits
Authors: Davis Paul L. , Chace William G. , Cubbedge Randall H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The objectives of this study were to show the variations of internal gases of Orlando tangelos, Temple oranges, and Marsh grapefruit before storage and how waxing, storage temperatures, and various external O2 and CO2 concentrations affected internal gas composition. These tests were part of an overall project to determine the best controlled atmosphere (CA) conditions for storage of citrus fruits. Since internal O2 and CO2 concentrations may affect fruit quality (1), one concern in the addition of CO2 to the external atmosphere during CA storage was that the concentration of this component would continue to build up internally. Eaks and Ludi (1) have shown that the internal atmospheres of citrus fruits are affected by temperature, washing, and waxing. Vines and Oberbacher (4) found that certain packinghouse treatments increased CO2 concentrations within citrus fruits.
Some Results of Research on the Use of Peat and Muck for Vegetable Production Under Glass
Authors: Chroboczek E. , Karasinska J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Due to scarcity of manure for use in preparing seed and potting compost, and also for use in growing plants to maturity under glass, interest in using peat and muck for these purposes has increased. In Poland there are about 1.8 million hectares (4.4 million acres) of these organic soils, and the area of glasshouses is also expanding. Of these organic soils, about 90% is muck and 10% is peat; thus, the cost of muck per cubic meter is about 1/3 that of peat.
Trifluralin-Treated Cloth Controls Weeds in Geranium Plantings
Authors: Danielson L. L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
(Cloth and cotton fiber mats impregnated with trifluralin [alpha, alpha, alphatrifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine] at 1/2 lb/A used to treat soil in potted geranium (Pelargonium hortorum) (Ricard cultivar) plantings were herbicidally effective and did not injure the geraniums. Time required for disintegration of the treated cloths and mats ranged from less than 30 days to more than 120 days.)
Differences Between Thermocouple and Liquid Crystal Measurements of Temperature
Authors: Yelenosky G. , Horanic G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Liquid crystals are a part of a large number of organic compounds which, upon heating, change from a viscous liquid to a clear isotropic liquid. Many liquid crystals are derivatives of cholesterol. In the transition stage between solid and isotropic liquid, liquid crystals possess light scattering properties which result in changes of color in response to changes in temperature (1).
Reaction of Tomato Varieties and Breeding Lines to Aphids
Authors: Stoner A. K. , Webb R. E. , Gentile A. G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The potato aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae) is a common insect pest of tomatoes. This insect damages the plants by sucking the sap from the leaves and by transmitting plant viruses The severity of aphid infestations on tomatoes varies from season to season and within a season. They are generally most severe during periods of cool weather.
Effect of Fluorescent Lighting Beyond the Normal Day on the Flowering of the Carnation
Authors: Butterfield N. W. , Hemeriek G. A. , Kinoshita A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
It is important that the carnation grower bring a portion of his crop into flower at specific times, such as Christmas and Mother’s Day. Research by White (3) and Bickford et al (1) have shown that artificial lighting beyond normal day length has been used successfully to regulate time of bloom and to increase flower production. It was found in preliminary studies for 1965-66 (2) that carnations benched in early July and lighted artificially, beginning August 1st, for an additional eight hours, using four fluorescent lamps per bench flowered earlier and increased yields.
Effects of Field Seeding and Transplanting on Earliness, Quality, and Yield of Cantaloupe Varieties
Authors: Norton J. D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Three-week old plants of 10 cantaloupe varieties grown in 3-inch peat pots were transplanted to the field from April 15 to 24 for a S-year period. Field seeded plots were direct seeded the same day and 7-10 days earlier.
The yield and fruit weight from transplants were significantly higher than those from field seeded plants. The total soluble solids content of fruit from transplants averaged more than 2 per cent higher than that of field seeded plants started the same date. When field seeded 7-10 days earlier, the difference was not as great; however, total soluble solids were consisently higher in fruit from transplants. Two factors were possibly responsible for the higher yields, fruit weights, and soluble solids. Because field seeded plants matured later, foliar diseases were more severe and plants were also exposed to additional cloudiness and rainfall.
Fruit of transplants matured approximately 14 days earlier than that of field seeded plants started the same date. When field seeding was accomplished 7-10 days before transplanting, fruit from field seeded plants matured only 7-10 days after the transplants.
Influence of Sodium in Mist Water on Rooting of Chrysanthemums
Authors: Paul J. L. , Leiser A. T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
An aspect of mist propagation which may be important in rooting cuttings is the quality of water used in misting. This may be particularly important in arid regions where many waters contain significant concentrations of salts. Although waters have been classified (1) for general irrigation purposes on the basis of total salts, sodium rating, boron concentration, etc., the propagator sometimes overlooks these properties of his mist water.
Chemical Injury on Golden Delicious Apples Treated with Diphenylamine
Authors: Pierson Charles F. , Schomer Harold A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A chemical injury consisting of a blue-gray discoloration developed on the cheeks and shoulders, but not on the calyx ends of Golden Delicious apples treated with DPA in dips or wraps. This injury was distinguishable from storage scald which was brown (in color) and occurred on the calyx ends and cheeks of fruit wrapped in plain or oiled paper wraps.
Peanut Plants from Single De-Embryonated Cotyledons1
Authors: Illingworth John E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Twenty-three peanut plants have been grown to maturity from single peanut cotyledons from which the embryos had been removed. Fifteen of these plants produced peanuts.
The experimental seeds were first immersed in liquid nitrogen (-320.4° F, -195.8° C) for various periods of time ranging from 24 hours to 108 hours and the cotyledons were separated while still frozen. If the embryos did not break free while still frozen, they were removed later at room temperature.
Current Developments in the Breeding of F1 Hybrid Annuals
Authors: Goldsmith Glenn A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
There is a small group of companies, about 6 in the U.S. and perhaps 15 worldwide, that have caused a gardening revolution during the last 15 years. The revolution has been dramatic in the U.S. and is now rapidly spreading to the other more developed countries of the world. This revolution is the change by the gardening public from the sowing of seed in the garden to the purchasing and planting of started plants. The companies largely responsible for this revolution are those developing F1 hybrid annual flowers.
Effect of Growth Regulators on Time of Flowering of a Photoperiodic Sensitive Field Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Coyne Dermot P. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The effect of CCC, B-9 and Gibberellin A-7 on time of flowering and the node of the first flower of the short-day Great Northern Nebraska No. 1 sel. 27 dry bean line under short and long photoperiods was investigated in the greenhouse. CCC was the only chemical which promoted early flowering under long photoperiods. Under long photoperiods, B-9 caused the first flower to open at higher nodes. The possible usefulness of these findings is discussed.
Differential Orchard Fireblight Susceptibility of Young Apple Stions1
Authors: Mowry James B. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Marked variations in the number of fireblight infections were observed on 3-year old ‘Double Red Jonathan’ stions grafted on 8 size-controlling clonal rootstocks. The average number of fireblight infections per tree ranged from 33 with the MM 109 rootstock to 0 with the Alnarp 2 rootstock. The number of fireblight infections was correlated with the number of flower clusters on the stions (r= .70**) but was not correlated with stion vigor as expressed by trunk circumference (r=-.18). The number of fireblight infections on non-flowering shoots also was correlated with the number of flower clusters on the stion (r= .60**) but was not correlated with trunk circumference (r= -.20). The susceptibility of non-flowering shoots to fireblight was influenced by the number of flower clusters on the stion, but flowers were not an essential avenue of bacterial infection, even when present. Within the Merton-Mailing rootstock series, the number of flower clusters was not correlated with the size of the stion.
Phytotoxicity Studies with Tetrachloroisophthalonitrile (Termil*) on 12 Cultivars of Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima)
Authors: Sheldrake R. , Rodebaugh J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the past two years a new concept of thermal dusting with Tetrachloroisophthalonitrile (Termil) for the control of Botytris cinerea on greenhouse crops of geranium (Pelorgonium hortorum) has proven to be very successful and practical. This fungus frequently causes leaf and bract injury to crops of poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) in greenhouses in late November and December. This study was initiated to determine the phototoxicity of the commercial product Termil used with the special alcohol burner and applied as a thermal dust.
Highbush Blueberry Pollen Collection by Honeybees
Authors: Eaton G. W. , Stewart M. G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Honeybees are considered to be important pollinators of the highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) (2). Shimanuki et al. (4) found one honeybee colony which consistently collected a larger proportion of cranberry pollen than did other colonies in the vicinity of a cranberry bog. Differences among colonies in collection of highbush blueberry pollen are reported here.
Incorporating TMV Resistance into Tomato Hybrids1
Authors: Ibarbia E. A. , Lambeth V. N. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The practical significance of incorporating TMV resistance into F1 hybrid tomatoes can hardly be over-estimated. Internal browning, graywall and blotchy ripening disorders continue to plague the greenhouse tomato grower and constitute perhaps his greatest current disease problem. Lewis and Taylor (6) pointed out the confusion which exists with regard to the association of TMV with these disorders.
Seasonal Distribution of Manganese in Leaves and Shoots of Red Delicious Apple Trees Showing Internal Bark Necrosis (IBN)
Authors: Zeiger D. C. , Shelton J. E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Mn in apple leaves rose to a late summer maximum prior to or at abscission. The average levels, or the maxima, were not related to the severity of IBN symptoms. There are indications, but no conclusive evidence, that some withdrawal into the bark of shoots may occur. If such movement does occur, the resulting increase in bark Mn concentration is not great and cannot account for levels of bark Mn associated with IBN by Berg, et al. (1). No redistribution of Mn between bark and wood appears to occur during the winter.
Effect of Preharvest Sprays of Ethrel, Alar, Malathion on Anthocyanin Content of Early Black Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.)1
Authors: Eck Paul 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Ethrel at 600 ppm applied as a 200 gal/A preharvest spray to ‘Early Black’ cranberry increased anthocyanin development. Gardner Color Difference Meter readings of fresh fruit indicated that Alar-treated fruit had higher reflectance than control fruits suggesting a delay in surface coloring. Ethrel, Alar, and malathion preharvest sprays did not influence yield or size of the fruit.
Mechanization in Agriculture
Authors: Bainer Roy 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The strong position of the United States in today's world is largely due to a prospering mechanized agricultural industry-an industry that produces the nation's food and fiber in abundance with around 6 per cent of the nation's working force on the production line. The millions released from producing the necessities of life are freed to other industries, services and professions, thereby contributing to America's remarkable industrial expansion and the prevailing high standard of living.
Yield Response of Peas to Foliar Application of Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Cycocel1
Authors: Maurer A. R. , Ormrod D. P. , Adedipe N. O. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In field trials at two locations in British Columbia, dimethyl sulfoxide applied as a 5% foliar spray, increased the yield of ‘Dark Skin’ Perfection’ peas by 11.5 and 25.3%. The foliar application of Cycocel at 50 ppm increased yield by 14.6 and 17.4%. The effects of DMSO and Cycocel were additive, there being no interaction.