bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Malaysian Media Council: Will Self-Regulation Work?
Authors: Haron Hafidz Hakimi , Shuaib Farid Sufian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
After the 2018 General Election, the incoming coalition made numerous institutional reform pledges, including the establishment of a Malaysian media council to self-govern the press. Nevertheless, the concept is not new as it was initially proposed in 1973. Following stakeholders’ discussions over the past few years, it was decided that a self-regulatory media council should be formed. This is a critical step towards restoring the country’s long-suffering press freedom that had been stifled by press regulations. Hence, it is necessary to study the self-regulatory paradigm as Malaysia is moving towards the formation of a self-regulatory media council to govern its press. The United Kingdom’s vast experience with media self-regulation may help Malaysian policymakers decide whether to adopt a self-regulatory approach to governance or not. The authors in this study used textual analysis of legislation and case law and secondary data from existing works to examine the proposal of establishing a self-regulatory Malaysian media council.
Human Rights Protection in the Surrender of Fugitive Offenders between Mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau
Authors: Yin Yanhong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Regarding the construction of the surrender agreements between Mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau, there has been ongoing consideration and debate on the basic principles and rules. Human rights protection in the surrender of fugitive offenders between Mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau is as important as that in traditional extraditions. But the rights need to be protected in a sophisticated, interactive, and constructive way under the ‘one country, two systems’ regime. This article compares the extradition and surrender systems, concluding that Mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau should take human rights protection into serious consideration, while complying with the obligation to protect the common interest of the whole country and to promote human rights development in China. The combined obligations require that the requested region play a more responsible, involved and proactive role in surrender-related human rights issues. The European Arrest Warrant experience can offer some inspiration for this. But more tailored measures should be developed in the legal context of Mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau. The article identifies several specific human rights that should be protected in the surrender procedure. Some traditional extradition principles as well as human rights provisions have already been used to protect these rights. Human rights protections are contained in Chinese legislation, but more attention should be paid to law enforcement procedures in relation to the surrender of fugitive offenders. This article suggests that evaluation, assurance, monitoring, and reporting mechanisms should be applied, and the main role should be delegated to judicial authorities under the principle of mutual trust. This article also suggests that the procedural rights of the requested individuals in the requested region should be protected.
Public Servants
Authors: Juarez-Garcia Mario I. , Schaefer Alexander 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Several political philosophers have recently pointed out that current electoral democracies fail to facilitate accurate and reliable feedback on the performance of public officials. Rather than rejecting democracy as a hopeless ideal, we defend an institutional reform called Service Responsibility, which introduces a superior incentive structure that better aligns the interests of citizens and public officials. Service Responsibility requires increasing or decreasing the income of public officials insofar as they succeed or fail to achieve democratically chosen goals. Later, we consider an alternative institutional scheme, recently proposed by Claudio López-Guerra: Piloting Responsibility. According to this alternative proposal, public officials must utilize a public provider whenever they seek out a basic service. We show that Piloting Responsibility fails to realize the democratic ideal because it generates a perverse incentive structure for public officials. We conclude that Service Responsibility outperforms both the status quo and Piloting Responsibility as an institutional scheme for ensuring competent governance and public justification.
Contact-Induced Language Change: the Case of Mixtec Adverbial Clauses
Authors: Martinez Jesus Olguin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
It is now clear that languages not-genetically related can come to share syntactic structures that were not necessarily borrowed directly in their modern forms. Although it can be challenging to spot these structures, striking similarities in certain patterns and in fine details of usage may shed light on this process. Not only may spotting the patterns be a difficult task, but also establishing the source of diffusion of a trait (i.e., who passed it to whom). These points are illustrated here with constructions termed ‘adverbial clauses’. Examples are drawn from Mixtec languages. The analysis focuses on six types of adverbial clauses. In particular, it is explained how several Mixtec adverbial clause-linking strategies may have spread to Huasteca Nahuatl (Uto-Aztecan) and vice versa.
The Lesser Antillean Origins of Guianese
Authors: Parkvall Mikael , Jacobs Bart 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates the origins of Guianese French Creole. Whereas the existing literature assumes Guianese was formed in situ, we argue the creole is in fact genetically related to Lesser Antillean French Creole. We support our hypothesis by means of a range of comparative linguistic data. Furthermore, a historical framework is provided that accounts for linguistic transfer from the Lesser Antilles to French Guiana in the second half of the 17th century.
Ars longa vita brevis
Authors: Dickey Stephanie S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
It is therefore nothing short of frustrating that the passing on 4 October 1669 of Rembrandt van Rijn, long considered the greatest among seventeenth-century Dutch painters, has left scarcely any traces. In her essay Stephanie Dickey reconstructs the circumstances of the artist’s death. Her piece amounts to a cultural history of death and burial in Protestant Amsterdam. Rembrandt was buried like any other citizen. No elaborate funeral ceremony took place; no eulogies were composed; no funeral monument was erected. He ended up in a rented grave with two other men. The now lost stone slab probably only included his name. The exact location in the Westerkerk went unrecorded. As Dickey almost ruefully concludes, ‘(…) Rembrandt’s modest burial suited his standing as one established artist among many in the busy city’.
China’s Buffer Thinking towards Taiwan
Authors: Chen Yu-Hua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
How are we to understand China’s decades-long sovereignty claim over Taiwan? One assumption upheld by many international relations scholars is that state behaviour will change according to a variance of polarity in the international system. Yet while China can flexibly manage its territorial issues elsewhere, its goal of unification with Taiwan has not changed despite multiple structural changes in the international system over the decades. This paper argues that historical and nationalist approaches alone do not explain China’s unswaying obsession with this island. Geopolitics plays a far more prominent role in the minds of Chinese leaders than scholars have previously acknowledged. Since 1949, China has viewed Taiwan as a geopolitical buffer protecting the security of Chinese coastal areas. China’s buffer thinking towards Taiwan was a significant factor in China’s decisions to launch military action against Taiwan in 1954, 1958, and 1996.
Investigating the Instructional Leadership of STEM Educators in Thailand
Authors: Teo Tang Wee , Faikhamta Chatree , Lau Shao Yu Marcus 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article reports on the survey findings of a study on the STEM leadership of 134 STEM middle school educators (118 teachers and 16 principals) in Thailand who led in STEM curriculum writing and teaching in their schools. The data were analysed using Rasch analysis of three constructs, namely, their views about STEM teaching, STEM capital and self-empowerment to teach STEM lessons. The findings showed that the educators generally responded positively to the three constructs. They thought that STEM should be integrated and could potentially stand alone as an independent discipline. The teachers wished for more resources and had the support of colleagues. The teachers lacked confidence in STEM teaching. Implications for specific areas of support, especially the forming of STEM professional learning communities to support the teachers, are suggested.
Therapy for Renal Artery Stenosis: A Call for Change
Authors: Dreyfus Isaac , Zilinyi Robert , Radhakrishnann Jai , Parikh Sahil A. 
Published: November 2022

Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of renal artery stenosis (RAS) and exerts its effects through activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Clinical manifestations of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) include renovascular hypertension, cardiac destabilization syndromes, and ischemic nephropathy. Angiography is the gold standard for determining hemodynamically significant stenosis and stenosis >70% is deemed significant, while stenosis of 50%–70% requires further hemodynamic evaluation. Randomized controlled trials have failed to show benefit of renal artery stenting as a treatment modality for ARAS over optimal medical therapy; however, these trials are plagued by design and methodologic flaws and failed to enroll patients most likely to benefit from renal artery stenting. Here, we present a review of ARAS and consensus society guidelines for appropriateness of renal artery stenting, patient selection, procedural characteristics, and follow-up. Clinical Impact We present a brief case description of a patient who benefitted from stenting in ARAS and provide a comprehensive review of ARAS; its prevalence, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment. We review the evidence for and against stenting in ARAS as well as consensus guidelines for stenting. Our review is valuable as we argue that stenting in ARAS is underutilized and the randomized control data for stenting in those patients who may benefit most is lacking. Our review will provide an important perspective for clinicians faced with decisions of how to treat ARAS.
Analyzing Communication Strategies Used in Long Term Care Facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic in New Brunswick, Canada
Authors: Durkee-Lloyd Janet L. 
Published: November 2022

Purpose: Effective communication is a key component to managing an event such as a global pandemic. In Canada, federal/provincial reports indicated that effective communication was a challenge in the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to examine the communication strategies used within long term care facilities in the Canadian province of New Brunswick. Methods: Online surveys were used to collect data from administrators, staff, and individuals with family members living in long-term care facilities. Results: The findings show an overall satisfaction with the information received by staff and families, however the frequency and format in which information was communicated were inconsistent. All participants indicated that too much information and poor quality information was a challenge. The importance of digital platforms to provide COVID-19 information was consistently identified as a successful communication strategy. Conclusion: The findings of this study reveal that the quantity and quality of information provided during the pandemic created challenges for administrators, staff, and families. This is in line with reports from Canadian provincial/federal reports on COVID-19 and long-term care. Recommendations have been made that would benefit the long-term care sector, not only for pandemics, but for communication in general.
Interobserver Reliability of Radiographic Angles and Measurements in Flat Foot Deformity
Authors: Weigelt Lizzy , Myatt Darren , Chapman James , Philpott Matthew , Lyle Shirley , Kelly Gerry , Kasture Sarang P. , Heyes Gavin , Mason Lyndon W. , Molloy Andrew P. 
Published: November 2022

Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: Radiographic angles and measurements are widely used in foot and ankle pathologies to define normal and abnormal skeletal alignment. In spite of this the inter-observer reliability of these parameters is debatable. The aim of this study was to determine the inter-observer reliability of various radiographic angles and measurements in flat foot deformity. Methods: Antero-posterior (AP) and lateral foot radiographs of 18 patients with flatfoot deformity were analysed by eight clinicians of various grade of experience (2 consultants, 4 fellows / registrars and 2 core training grades) with 11 different radiological parameters. A digital presentation demonstrating the method of measurement of all parameters using same software was provided to the participants. The inter-observer reliability was analysed using interclass correlation (ICC) model mixed for reliability at 95% confidence interval for individual parameters and different grade of experience. Results: The inter-observer reliability was excellent (>0.9) in calcaneal pitch angle (CPA), medial cuneiform height (C1H) and lateral incongruency angle (LIA). It was good (0.75 - 0.90) in talo-navicular angle (TNA), medial cuneiform articular angle (CAA), medial arch sag angle (MASA), medial cuneiform - 1st MT angle (C1MTA), talonavicular coverage angle (TNCA)andtalar - 1st MT angle on AP radiograph (T1MTA). The inter-observer reliability was moderate (0.5 - 0.75) in Meary's angle and talo-navicular uncoverage percentage (TNUP). The reliability did not differ with the grade of surgeon on sub-group analysis. Conclusion: This is first study to analyse the interobserver reliability of radiographic measurements in a flatfoot deformity, including grade of surgeon. The results suggest that these radiological parameters can be reliably used in clinical practice if standard measurement techniques are followed by clinicians of all grades.
Unexpected huge testicular infarct complicating obstructed adult groin hernia: a case report
Authors: Tan Shong Sheng , Mohamed Daud Mohamed Ashraf , Hashim Isa Merican Siti Rahmah , Mohammad Azmi Mohd Azem Fathi , Nik Anuar Nik Mohd Nurhafizi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Testicular infarction/gangrene is usually caused by testicular torsion. Strangulated inguinal hernia complicated with testicular infarction is unusual in adults in contrast to many reported cases involving pediatric patients.

Case presentation
We report an unusual case of testicular gangrene in an elderly man presented with abandoned right obstructed inguinoscrotal hernia. He had right open hernioplasty with right orchidectomy.

Conclusion
Obstructed adult inguinoscrotal hernia potentially leading to testicular gangrene, despite being uncommon sequalae. The surgeon should always routinely examine the testis during surgery for complicated hernia to prevent missed gangrenous testis behind.
Nanopriming-mediated memory imprints reduce salt toxicity in wheat seedlings by modulating physiobiochemical attributes
Authors: Farooq Tahir , Akram Muhammad Naveed , Hameed Amjad , Ahmed Toheed , Hameed Arruje 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Around the globe, salinity is one of the serious environmental stresses which negatively affect rapid seed germination, uniform seedling establishment and plant developments restricting sustainable agricultural productivity. In recent years, the concepts of sustainable agriculture and cleaner production strategy have emphasized the introduction of greener agrochemicals using biocompatible and natural sources to maximize crop yield with minimum ecotoxicological effects. Over the last decade, the emergence of nanotechnology as a forefront of interdisciplinary science has introduced nanomaterials as fast-acting plant growth-promoting agents.

Results
Herein, we report the preparation of nanocomposite using chitosan and green tea (CS-GTE NC) as an ecofriendly nanopriming agent to elicit salt stress tolerance through priming imprints. The CS-GTE NC-primed (0.02, 0.04 and 0.06%), hydroprimed and non-primed (control) wheat seeds were germinated under normal and salt stress (150 mM NaCl) conditions. The seedlings developed from aforesaid seeds were used for physiological, biochemical and germination studies. The priming treatments increased protein contents (10–12%), photosynthetic pigments (Chl a (4–6%), Chl b (34–36%), Total Chl (7–14%) and upregulated the machinery of antioxidants (CAT (26–42%), POD (22–43%)) in wheat seedlings under stress conditions. It also reduced MDA contents (65–75%) and regulated ROS production resulting in improved membrane stability. The priming-mediated alterations in biochemical attributes resulted in improved final germination (20–22%), vigor (4–11%) and germination index (6–13%) under both conditions. It reduced mean germination time significantly, establishing the stress-insulating role of the nanocomposite. The improvement of germination parameters validated the stimulation of priming memory in composite-treated seeds.

Conclusion
Pre-treatment of seeds with nanocomposite enables them to counter salinity at the seedling development stage by means of priming memory warranting sustainable plant growth and high crop productivity.
Antibiotic use in gastrointestinal surgery patients at a Vietnamese national hospital
Authors: Nguyen Huyen Thi , Bui Quynh Thi Huong , Vo Tam Van , Pham Hien Thi Thu , Vo Thong Duy 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Invasive gastrointestinal surgery may be performed as an open or endoscopic procedure, such as laparoscopic semi-colon surgery, laparoscopic appendectomy, laparoscopic gastrectomy, and anal surgery, among other such operations. Regardless of the approach, the operative procedure interferes with the patient’s gastrointestinal tract, necessitating the rational use of prophylactic antibiotics to improve treatment outcomes and minimize postoperative infections.

Objective
To investigate the prophylactic and postoperative antibiotic usage in patients who underwent invasive gastrointestinal surgery, and to identify factors associated with postoperative infection.

Design
This descriptive, cross-sectional study included 112 patients who underwent invasive gastrointestinal surgery at the Department of Gastroenterology, Thong Nhat Hospital. We conducted a cross-sectional study in all inpatients aged 18 years and older, who underwent invasive gastrointestinal surgery between January 2020 and December 2020. We recorded patient characteristics, the administration and appropriateness of antibiotics, as well as treatment outcomes. The appropriateness of prophylactic and postoperative antibiotic usage was assessed based on 2015 Vietnamese national guideline for antibiotic use. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with postoperative infection.

Results
Patients’ mean age was 59.7 ± 17.2 years. Most surgeries (89.3%) were clean-contaminated procedures. The rates of appropriate types of antibiotics selected, doses, and overall rates of appropriateness of antibiotic prophylaxis were 68.0%, 76.4% and 54.7%, respectively. Of the patients investigated, 34.8% had at least one sign of postoperative infection; the overall appropriate rate of postoperative antibiotic was 38.5%. Old age was associated with postoperative infection and longer length of hospitalization.

Conclusion
Implementation of the guidelines recommended for the prophylactic and therapeutic use of antibiotics is essential to improve treatment outcomes.
Development and performance evaluation of a deep learning lung nodule detection system
Authors: Katase Shichiro , Ichinose Akimichi , Hayashi Mahiro , Watanabe Masanaka , Chin Kinka , Takeshita Yuhei , Shiga Hisae , Tateishi Hidekatsu , Onozawa Shiro , Shirakawa Yuya , Yamashita Koji , Shudo Jun , Nakamura Keigo , Nakanishi Akihito , Kuroki Kazunori , Yokoyama Kenichi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths throughout the world. Chest computed tomography (CT) is now widely used in the screening and diagnosis of lung cancer due to its effectiveness. Radiologists must identify each small nodule shadow from 3D volume images, which is very burdensome and often results in missed nodules. To address these challenges, we developed a computer-aided detection (CAD) system that automatically detects lung nodules in CT images.

Methods
A total of 1997 chest CT scans were collected for algorithm development. The algorithm was designed using deep learning technology. In addition to evaluating detection performance on various public datasets, its robustness to changes in radiation dose was assessed by a phantom study. To investigate the clinical usefulness of the CAD system, a reader study was conducted with 10 doctors, including inexperienced and expert readers. This study investigated whether the use of the CAD as a second reader could prevent nodular lesions in lungs that require follow-up examinations from being overlooked. Analysis was performed using the Jackknife Free-Response Receiver-Operating Characteristic (JAFROC).

Results
The CAD system achieved sensitivity of 0.98/0.96 at 3.1/7.25 false positives per case on two public datasets. Sensitivity did not change within the range of practical doses for a study using a phantom. A second reader study showed that the use of this system significantly improved the detection ability of nodules that could be picked up clinically (p = 0.026).

Conclusions
We developed a deep learning-based CAD system that is robust to imaging conditions. Using this system as a second reader increased detection performance.
Drill-and-prechop technique: modification of the drill-and-crack technique for mature cataracts
Authors: Xu Mao , Qi Yongjun , Weng Yongde , Yang Yang , Deng Jianhua , Liu Wanjun , Mo Ting , Ye Xiangxiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
There are some techniques for disassembly of hard nuclear. It is challenging in hard cataract surgery through microincision. The classic chop or prechop techniques often do not succeed,resulting in incomplete nuclear segmentation. The authors describe a new chop technique for removing hard nucleus cataracts in coaxial microincisional cataract surgery.

Methods
We create a deep hole (drill) in the central nucleus with the phaco tip and divide the nucleus (prechop) with the Nagahara chopper and the modified capsulorhexis forceps inside the hole. The chopper and the modified capsulorhexis forceps are spread apart laterally after they approach at the center of the nucleus, to create a complete fracture across the entire nucleus. Since January 2022, we have completed 27 eyes of 25 patients with hard nucleus cataract using this technique.

Results
Complete segmentation of the hard nuclear into two hemispheres was implemented with this drill and prechop technique in all cases. The effective phaco time and ultrasound energy decreased. No intraoperative complication such as iris injury, anterior capsule tears, zonulysis, or posterior capsule rupture with vitreous loss occurred during surgery.

Conclusions
This technique simplifies the previous prechop techniques especially for hard nucleus in microincisional cataract surgery. The technique is efficient, safe and simple.