bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The immunomodulatory potential of phage therapy to treat acne: a review on bacterial lysis and immunomodulation
Authors: Farfán Juan , Gonzalez John M. , Vives Martha 
Published: July 2022

Background
Characterized by an inflammatory pathogenesis, acne is the most common skin disorder worldwide. Altered sebum production, abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes, and microbiota dysbiosis represented by disbalance in Cutibacterium acnes population structure, have a synergic effect on inflammation of acne-compromised skin. Although the role of C. acnes as a single factor in acne development is still under debate, it is known that skin and skin-resident immune cells recognize this bacterium and produce inflammatory markers as a result. Control of the inflammatory response is frequently the target for acne treatment, using diverse chemical or physical agents including antibiotics. However, some of these treatments have side effects that compromise patient adherence and drug safety and in the case of antibiotics, it has been reported C. acnes resistance to these molecules. Phage therapy is an alternative to treat antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains and have been recently proposed as an immunomodulatory therapy. Here, we explore this perspective about phage therapy for acne, considering the potential immunomodulatory role of phages.

Methodology
Literature review was performed using four different databases (Europe PubMed Central-ePMC, Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect). Articles were ordered and selected according to their year of publication, number of citations, and quartile of the publishing journal.

Results
The use of lytic bacteriophages to control bacterial infections has proven its promising results, and anti-inflammatory effects have been found for some bacteriophages and phage therapy. These effects can be related to bacterial elimination or direct interaction with immune cells that result in the regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Studies on C. acnes bacteriophages have investigated their lytic activity, genomic structure, and stability on different matrices. However, studies exploring the potential of immunomodulation of these bacteriophages are still scarce.

Conclusions
C. acnes bacteriophages, as well as other phages, may have direct immunomodulatory effects that are yet to be fully elucidated. To our knowledge, to the date that this review was written, there are only two studies that investigate anti-inflammatory properties for C. acnes bacteriophages. In those studies, it has been evidenced reduction of pro-inflammatory response to C. acnes inoculation in mice after bacteriophage application. Nevertheless, these studies were conducted in mice, and the interaction with the immune response was not described. Phage therapy to treat acne can be a suitable therapeutic alternative to C. acnes control, which in turn can aid to restore the skin’s balance of microbiota. By controlling C. acnes colonization, C. acnes bacteriophages can reduce inflammatory reactions triggered by this bacterium.
Identifying DUSP-1 and FOSB as hub genes in immunoglobulin A nephropathy by WGCNA and DEG screening and validation
Authors: Jianping Wu , Wei Xiaona , Li Jiajia , Zhang Rui , Han Qianqian , Yang Qiongqiong 
Published: July 2022

Background
The mechanism of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is still unknown. A bioinformatics analysis is a powerful method to identify the biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets of a certain disease from related datasets.

Methods
The GSE93973 dataset, obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, was used to construct a weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA) and filter differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The biological process (BP) enrichment among all the genes in the key modules was analyzed through a Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. We selected the overlap of hub genes in the WGCNA and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network as the final hub genes in IgAN. We verified the final hub genes in two other datasets and in clinical kidney tissue specimens. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of hub genes for IgAN.

Results
The turquoise module, which contained 1,806 genes, was the module with the highest correlation coefficient with IgAN in the GSE93973 dataset. The GO enrichment analysis showed that these 1,806 genes were mainly enriched in inflammation and immune responses. There were five hub genes identified by WGCNA and 34 hub genes identified in a DEG analysis in the GSE93973 dataset. DUSP1 and FOSB were identified as the final hub genes in IgAN. The validation results of the final hub genes in two other databases and clinical kidney tissue specimens validated the result that, compared to the control group, FOSB and DUSP1 were expressed at lower levels in the glomerulus of IgAN patients. The ROC curve indicated that DUSP1 and FOSB were good diagnostic indicators for IgAN.

Conclusions
Our analysis identified two hub genes that might be potential targets for the intervention and treatment of IgAN.
Challenges in the Management of Childhood Cancer Patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Bassey E. U. , Akpan I. A. , Nnoli C. , Akpan E. E. 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The burden of childhood cancer is an important child health concern globally. Several million new cases are diagnosed annually, but the greatest burden is borne by developing countries. The management of paediatric cancer patients in these settings is fraught with several challenges, which can significantly affect outcome.
Aim: To identify the various challenges in management of children with cancers in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital Uyo, Nigeria and proffer interventions which may impact positively on their long term survival and quality of life.
Methods: A three year retrospective study of children admitted with cancers was carried out at the Haemato-Oncology unit of the department of Paediatrics, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo Nigeria, from January 2019 and December 2021. The available records of their admission, treatment process, progress and outcome were reviewed.
Results: Of the thirty-eight (38) patients seen, all presented at a late stage of disease. The socio-economic class of parents were mostly low (81.6%) and all treatments were self-sponsored, with 44.7% discharging against medical advice due to financial constraints.
Conclusion: The challenges in the management of paediatric cancer patients included late presentation, late diagnosis, financial constraints/poverty, burn-out of caregivers, with a resultant high frequency of discharge against medical advice. Greater awareness about childhood cancers, increased advocacy for governmental input by way of resources, infrastructure and health insurance policies would improve outcome.
The Role of Dust Charging and Asymmetric Ion Flow on the Dust Lattice Mode in Complex Plasma
Authors: Bhattacharjee Saurav 
Published: July 2022

mechanism among dust grains immersed in plasma has been reported theoretically in presence of asymmetric ion flow and dynamical charging of dust grains. The ion flow induced particle-wake interaction in addition to repulsive Yukawa type of interaction found to play a significant role in tuning the coupling strength between charged grains and hence the vibrational mode. The transition in coupling strength is obtained as a characteristic of ion flow speed and grain size. The results show a damping in strength of interaction in presence of dynamical charging of dust. The type of interaction shows a mixed phase of Wake-Yukawa in subsonic regime and highly Yukawa dominating phase in supersonic regime of ion flow. The results are significant for understanding the thermodynamic properties and the phase behavior of colloidal systems and nano-crystals.
An operational land cover and land cover change toolbox: processing open‐source data with open‐source software
Authors: Gatis Naomi , Carless Donna , Luscombe David J. , Brazier Richard E. , Anderson Karen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Accurate and up‐to‐date land cover maps are vital for underpinning evidence‐based landscape management decision‐making. However, the technical skills required to extract tailored information about land cover dynamics from these open‐access geospatial data often limit their use by those making landscape management decisions.
Using Dartmoor National Park as an example, we demonstrate an open‐source toolkit which uses open‐source software (QGIS and RStudio) to process freely available Sentinel‐2 and public LiDAR data sets to produce fine scale (10 m2 grain size) land cover maps.
The toolbox has been designed for use by staff within the national park, for example, enabling land cover maps to be updated as required in the future.
An area of 945 km2 was mapped using a trained random forest classifier following a classification scheme tailored to the needs of the national park.
A 2019 land cover map had an overall user's accuracy of 79%, with 13 out of 17 land cover classes achieving greater than 70% accuracy.
Spatially, accuracy was related via logistical regression to blue band surface reflectance in the spring and topographic slope derived from LiDAR (1 m resolution), with greater accuracy in steeper terrain and areas exhibiting higher blue reflectance.
Between an earlier (2017–2019) and later (2019–2021) time frame, 8% of pixels changed, most of the change by area occurred in the most common classes. However, the largest proportional increase occurred in Upland Meadows, Lowland Meadows and Blanket Bog, all habitats subject to restoration efforts. Identifying areas of change enables future field work to be better targeted.
We discuss the application of this mapping to land management within the Dartmoor national park and of the potential of tailored land cover and land cover change mapping, via this toolbox, to evidence‐based environmental decision‐making more widely.
How Does Job Insecurity and Workplace Activity Limitations Relate to Rheumatic Disease Symptom Trajectories in Young Adulthood? A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Jetha Arif , Tucker Lori , Shahidi Faraz Vahid , Backman Catherine , Kristman Vicki L. , Hazel Elizabeth M. , Perlin Louise , Proulx Laurie , Chen Cynthia , Gignac Monique A. M. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveWorkplace and labor market conditions are associated with the health of the working population. A longitudinal study was conducted among young adults with rheumatic disease to examine workplace activity limitations and job insecurity and their relationship with disease symptom trajectories.MethodsThree online surveys were administered to young adults with rheumatic disease over 27 months. Self‐reported data on pain, fatigue, and disease activity were collected. Workplace activity limitations and job insecurity were measured. Group‐based discrete mixture models determined pain, fatigue, and disease activity trajectory groups. Robust Poisson regression models were fitted to examine the relationship among workplace activity limitations, job insecurity, and trajectory group membership.ResultsIn total, 124 participants (mean ± SD age 29 ± 4.5 years) with rheumatic disease were recruited. At baseline, participants reported considerable workplace activity limitations (10.35 ± 5.8), and 36% of participants indicated experiencing job insecurity. We identified 2 latent rheumatic disease symptom trajectory groups. The first group had high persistent pain, fatigue, or disease activity; the second group had low persistent disease symptoms over time. Greater workplace activity limitations were associated with an increased relative risk (RR) of being in the high persistent severe pain (RR 1.02 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.01, 1.03]), fatigue (RR 1.02 [95% CI 1.01, 1.03]), and disease activity trajectory groups (RR 1.02 [95% CI 1.01, 1.03]). Job insecurity was associated with an increased RR of membership in the high persistent pain (RR 1.14 [95% CI 1.04, 1.25]) and disease activity trajectory groups (RR 1.11 [95% CI 1.00, 1.22]).ConclusionWorkplace activity limitations and job insecurity represent working conditions that are associated with the health of young adults with rheumatic disease and should be examined as potential targets for intervention.
Lipid‐Polymer Hybrid “Particle‐in‐Particle” Nanostructure Gene Delivery Platform Explored for Lyophilizable DNA and mRNA COVID‐19 Vaccines
Authors: Li Zhongyu , Zhang Xue‐Qing , Ho William , Bai Xin , Jaijyan Dabbu Kumar , Li Fengqiao , Kumar Ranjeet , Kolloli Afsal , Subbian Selvakumar , Zhu Hua , Xu Xiaoyang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSARS‐CoV‐2 has led to a worldwide pandemic, catastrophically impacting public health and the global economy. Herein, a new class of lipid‐modified polymer poly (β‐amino esters) (L‐PBAEs) is developed via enzyme‐catalyzed esterification and further formulation of the L‐PBAEs with poly(d,l‐lactide‐coglycolide)‐b‐poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA‐PEG) leads to self‐assembly into a “particle‐in‐particle” (PNP) nanostructure for gene delivery. Out of 24 PNP candidates, the top‐performing PNP/C12‐PBAE nanoparticles efficiently deliver both DNA and mRNA in vitro and in vivo, presenting enhanced transfection efficacy, sustained gene release behavior, and excellent stability for at least 12 months of storage at −20 °C after lyophilization without loss of transfection efficacy. Encapsulated with spike encoded plasmid DNA and mRNA, the lipid‐modified polymeric PNP COVID‐19 vaccines successfully elicit spike‐specific antibodies and Th1‐biased T cell immune responses in immunized mice even after 12 months of lyophilized storage at −20 °C. This newly developed lipid‐polymer hybrid PNP nanoparticle system demonstrates a new strategy for both plasmid DNA and mRNA delivery with the capability of long‐term lyophilized storage.
Cell‐Laden Gradient Microgel Suspensions for Spatial Control of Differentiation During Biofabrication
Authors: Molley Thomas G. , Hung Tzong‐tyng , Kilian Kristopher A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDuring tissue development, stem and progenitor cells form functional tissue with high cellular diversity and intricate micro‐ and macro‐architecture. Current approaches have attempted to replicate this process with materials cues or through spontaneous cell self‐organization. However, cell‐directed and materials‐directed organization are required simultaneously to achieve biomimetic structure and function. Here, it is shown how integrating live adipose derived stem cells with gradient microgel suspensions steers divergent differentiation outcomes. Microgel matrices composed of small particles are found to promote adipogenic differentiation, while larger particles fostered increased cell spreading and osteogenic differentiation. Tuning the matrix formulation demonstrates that early cell adhesion and spreading dictate differentiation outcome. Combining small and large microgels into gradients spatially directs proliferation and differentiation over time. After 21 days of culture, osteogenic conditions foster significant mineralization within the individual microgels, thereby providing cell‐directed changes in composition and mechanics within the gradient porous scaffold. Freeform printing of high‐density cell suspensions is performed across these gradients to demonstrate the potential for hierarchical tissue biofabrication. Interstitial porosity influences cell expansion from the print and microgel size guides spatial differentiation, thereby providing scope to fabricate tissue gradients at multiple scales through integrated and printed cell populations.
Optimal Composition of Li Argyrodite with Harmonious Conductivity and Chemical/Electrochemical Stability: Fine‐Tuned Via Tandem Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Shim Sunggeun , Park Woon Bae , Han Jungmin , Lee Jinhyeok , Lee Byung Do , Lee Jin‐Woong , Seo Jung Yong , Prabakar S. J. Richard , Han Su Cheol , Singh Satendra Pal , Hwang Chan‐Cuk , Ahn Docheon , Han Sangil , Park Kyusung , Sohn Kee‐Sun , Pyo Myoungho 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA tandem (two‐step) particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is implemented in the argyrodite‐based multidimensional composition space for the discovery of an optimal argyrodite composition, i.e., with the highest ionic conductivity (7.78 mS cm−1). To enhance the industrial adaptability, an elaborate pellet preparation procedure is not used. The optimal composition (Li5.5PS4.5Cl0.89Br0.61) is fine‐tuned to enhance its practical viability by incorporating oxygen in a stepwise manner. The final composition (Li5.5PS4.23O0.27Cl0.89Br0.61), which exhibits an ionic conductivity (σion) of 6.70 mS cm−1 and an activation barrier of 0.27 eV, is further characterized by analyzing both its moisture and electrochemical stability. Relative to the other compositions, the exposure of Li5.5PS4.23O0.27Cl0.89Br0.61 to a humid atmosphere results in the least amount of H2S released and a negligible change in structure. The improvement in the interfacial stability between the Li(Ni0.9Co0.05Mn0.05)O2 cathode and Li5.5PS4.23O0.27Cl0.89Br0.61 also results in greater specific capacity during fast charge/discharge. The structural and chemical features of Li5.5PS4.5Cl0.89Br0.61 and Li5.5PS4.23O0.27Cl0.89Br0.61 argyrodites are characterized using synchrotron X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This work presents a novel argyrodite composition with favorably balanced properties while providing broad insights into material discovery methodologies with applications for battery development.
Machine‐Learning‐Based Exploration of Bending Flexoelectricity in Novel 2D Van der Waals Bilayers
Authors: Javvaji Brahmanandam , Zhuang Xiaoying , Rabczuk Timon , Mortazavi Bohayra 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAccurate examination of electricity generation stemming from higher‐order deformation (flexoelectricity) in 2D layered materials is a highly challenging task to be investigated with either conventional computational or experimental tools. To address this challenge herein an innovative and computationally efficient approach on the basis of density functional theory (DFT) and machine‐learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) with incorporated long‐range interactions to accurately investigate the flexoelectric energy conversion in 2D van der Waals (vdW) bilayers is proposed. In this approach, short‐range interactions are accurately defined using the moment tensor potentials trained over computationally inexpensive DFT‐based datasets. The long‐range electrostatic (charge and dipole) and vdW interaction parameters are calibrated from DFT simulations. Elaborated comparison of mechanical and piezoelectric properties extracted from the herein proposed approach with available data confirms the accuracy of the devised computational strategy. It is shown that the bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides can show a flexoelectric coefficient 2–7 times larger than their monolayer counterparts. Noticeably, this enhancement reaches up to 20 times for Janus diamane and fluorinated boron‐nitrogen derivatives of diamane bilayers. The presented results improve the understanding of the flexoelectric effect in vdW heterostructures and moreover the proposed MLIP‐based methodology offers a robust tool to improve the design of novel energy harvesting devices.
Magnetic Frustration Effect on the Rate Performance of LiNi0.6Co0.4−xMnxO2 Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ye Tao , Li Zhimin , Yan Honglin , Ha Yuan , Zhang Dongyan , Zhou Chaoyi , Wang Lijuan , Li Lu , Xiang Qianxin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCobalt‐free LiNixMn1−xO2 (NM, x ≥ 0.5) layered oxides are considered to be promising cathode materials for next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries because of exceptionally high capacity and low cost, yet the fundamental role of manganese ions in the NM layered structure and rate performance has not been fully addressed to date. Herein, a series of Ni‐fixed LiNi0.6Co0.4−xMnxO2 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4) systems are employed as cathode materials to investigate the functionality of Mn ions on their structures and electrochemical properties. It is found that contrary to prior reports, the change in the c‐axis lattice parameter is not in close connection with the rate performance of NM cathodes. In particular, superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) measurements are performed to verify the fact that Mn3+ and Mn4+ ions with high spin states cause severe magnetic frustration in the structures of cathode materials, which profoundly aggravates the Li/Ni ionic disorder and blocks Li+ migration, contributing to inferior rate performance. In addition, Li+ migration hindered by Li/Ni disorder, is theoretically demonstrated by ab initio calculation. This work not only provides fresh insight into the role of Mn in NM layered oxide cathodes but also proposes an effective strategy to resolve their inferior rate performance.
Engineering an Insoluble Cathode Electrolyte Interphase Enabling High Performance NCM811//Graphite Pouch Cell at 60 °C
Authors: Chen Yuqing , He Qiu , Mo Ying , Zhou Wang , Zhao Yun , Piao Nan , Liu Chi , Xiao Peitao , Liu Hui , Li Baohua , Chen Shi , Wang Li , He Xiangming , Xing Lidan , Liu Jilei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHigh‐energy lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) can be realized with the use of nickel‐rich materials, however, their reversible operation requires long‐term cathode‐electrolyte interfacial (CEI) stability, especially for high‐temperature applications, but how the CEIs evolves during operation is still a mystery. The unstable CEIs have been recently ascribed to them generating/disappearing/regenerating during Li+ extraction/insertion by in situ Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy spectrum. Herein, a strategy of insoluble CEI is proposed toward addressing the interfacially induced deterioration of cathodes with a focus on Ni‐rich layered oxides. Incorporating unsaturated units (CC/CC) to siloxane as electrolyte additives advances the commercial LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2/graphite cells up to around 300 cycles at 60 °C with more than 85% capacity retention, along with the LiCoO2 cells reaching ≈90% capacity retention over 350 cycles under 80 °C. The experimentally and theoretically detailed investigation shows that the higher unsaturation bond with high reactive sites show more polymerization via a 3D topological pathway to form insoluble CEI species, leading to suppression of parasitic reactions, corrosive acid, transition‐metal dissolution, stress corrosive cracking, and impedance growth. The scientific discoveries of this study highlight the pivotal role of electrode–electrolyte interactions and recapitulates the tried‐and‐true “electrolyte” approach for the future development of high‐energy batteries under extreme temperature conditions.