bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INFORMATION AND ANALYTICAL SUPPORT FOR FORMATION OF AN INNOVATIVE ENVIRONMENT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors: Тищенко И.А. 
Published: April 2022

Изготовление инновационной продукции может быть как основным, так и отдельным направлением деятельности экономического субъекта. При этом в любом случае инновационные предприятия имеют свои производственные особенности, а также специфику продвижения инновационного продукта на рынок (внешний и внутренний). В настоящее время существует множество определений категории «инновационная сфера», которые имеют и сходства, и отличия.
The manufacture of innovative products can be both the main and a separate line of business of an economic entity. At the same time, in any case, innovative enterprises have their own production characteristics, as well as the specifics of promoting an innovative product to the market (external and internal). Currently, there are many definitions of the category «innovation sphere», which have similarities and differences.
Effects of Electrolyte on Redox Potentials
Authors: R. Miller John , J. Bird Matthew 
Published: April 2022

Redox potentials, especially as measured by cyclic voltammetry and related electrochemical techniques, are the basis for understanding energetics of photochemical solar energy storage, organic photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, and even photosynthesis. These very popular techniques are dominant although none of the energy systems just mentioned contain large concentrations, typically 100 mM, of supporting electrolyte needed for electrochemical techniques to work. At the same time, the added electrolytes often have large, but unknown effects on the energetics studied. Despite substantial efforts using microelectrodes, it has not been possible to utilize electrochemical techniques to measure redox potentials in the absence of electrolytes. This chapter will be an account of new techniques applying the method of pulse radiolysis to partly answer the question: what is the effect of electrolytes on redox potentials?
The Lanternfly genus Pyrops in Vietnam: A new species from Central Vietnam, taxonomic changes, checklist, identification key (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Fulgoridae)
Authors: Constant Jérôme , Pham Hong Thai 
Published: April 2022

A new species of the genus Pyrops Spinola, 1839 (Fulgoridae), P. buomvoi sp. nov., is described from Ca Na, Ninh Thuan Province in Central Vietnam. It is attributed to the candelaria group and compared with the other species of the genus. Pyrops lathburii (Kirby, 1818) is proposed as a senior synonym of P. astarte (Distant, 1914), transferred back to the candelaria group from the pyrrhorhynchus group, and recorded from Laos for the first time. The candelaria and pyrorhynchus groups are defined and commented on. Intraspecific variation in the colour of the hind wings is recorded for the first time in Pyrops condorinus (Lallemand, 1960). A checklist of the 12 Vietnamese species of Pyrops and an illustrated key which can also be used for Laos, Cambodia and Southern Continental China, are given. Pyrops buomvoi sp. nov. is the first new species of Pyrops discovered in Indochina for more than 50 years. Intraspecific colour variation in the species of Pyrops is briefly discussed.
“Happy wives” and “sad husbands”
Authors: Uwen God'sgift Ogban , Oko Ushie Godwin 
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak was declared a pandemic (a global health emergency) following its ravaging spread and increasing death toll that led to the unprecedented multi-sectoral crisis and collateral damage. These, and the non-discovery of reliable therapeutic medicines combined to generate rising fears and tension across the globe. To cope with these realities, discourse participants devised humorous expressions to create laughter, ease tension and melt fears. The paper seeks to examine the contextual usage of such humorous expressions used in Nigeria, particularly in Calabar, that denote the sociolinguistic milieu, and shared knowledge and experience of the interactants. The study adopts Relief and Encryption Theories of Humour because the theories account for the situational appropriateness of the humorous expressions as “coping devices” in coherence with the cognitive, linguistic, situational and social contexts. Data were generated by means of participant observation in on-site and virtual interactions in social media platforms. Findings show that COVID-19 pandemic has exerted irresistible pressure on language resources that stimulated the creation of humorous expressions as coping needs for the consequential circumstance. Specifically, the humorous expressions such as “happy wives”, “sad husbands”, “side chicks are hungry” among others were regularly and contextually deployed for comic reliefs and cognitive recreations to stimulate laughter in crisis. Linguistically, the expressions are devised English structures and other constructs with codemixed elements derived from the registers of several discourse domains that reflect the Nigerian sociolinguistic environment. The constructs are therefore modelled to demystify the pandemic and unify interactants in order to ease tension and cope with the realities of the preventive and survival protocols.
use of humour in medical education: students’ perspective
Authors: Taleb Rim , Itani Hadi , Itani Sanaa , Salameh Rayane , Ramadan Aya , Sidani Khaled 
Published: April 2022

In early 20th century, Sir William Osler supported the use of humour as an efficacious tool in medical education, which continues to be used today. Despite the abundance of literature delineating this important role, it is often overlooked among medical students. A descriptive cross-sectional study was planned where a total of 295 medical students from the pre-clerkship and clerkship phases at Beirut Arab University Faculty of Medicine were included in the study. A questionnaire was distributed among the participants assessing their perception on the use of humour in medical education. Data were collected, entered, and analysed on SPSS software version 23.1. Results with p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The majority of participants agreed to the implementation of humour in medical education. They supported different forms of humour to be used, and considered mockery, sarcasm, the instructor appearing as a performer, and humour that is irrelevant to the course as inappropriate. Inappropriate humour distracts attention and disrupts the formal atmosphere. Our findings suggest that medical students’ opinions on using humour in medical education are supportive. The findings of this study might be of benefit to assist teachers in using humour to improve the attendance and interest of the students in the class and create an environment conducive to optimal student learning.
Effect of Foliar Application of GA3, on Biochemical Changes of Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. & Coss.] under Sodic Soil
Authors: Saini Pradip Kumar , Yadav R. K. , Bhati Jitender 
Published: April 2022

The investigation on effect of foliar application of GA3, on biochemical changes of Indian mustard under sodic soil, was conducted during the rabi season, at the Main Experiment Station Farm of ANDUAT, Kumarganj, Ayodhya-224229 (UP) in randomized block design with 8th treatments, three replications & variety Narendra rai (NDR-8501). Different concentrations of GA3 (15ppm, 30ppm, 45ppm, 60ppm, 75ppm, 90ppm, 125ppm) were taken along with Distilled water control. Foliar spray was done at 30 Days after sowing. Observations to be recorded at 40, 60, 80 days after sowing of biochemical parameters like chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase, peroxidase, and catalase activities in green leaves were taken. Sprayed of different concentrations of GA3 increased all characters of the crop. All the parameters viz. To the studies of biochemical parameters were high recorded with foliar spray of GA3 125ppm followed by foliar spray with GA3 90ppm over rest of the treatments together with control, during the analysis.
Bioinspired 3D Printing of Functional Materials by Harnessing Enzyme‐Induced Biomineralization
Authors: Chen Guangda , Liang Xiangyu , Zhang Pei , Lin Shaoting , Cai Chengcheng , Yu Ziyi , Liu Ji 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNature builds structurally ordered and environmentally adaptive composite materials by harnessing biologically catalyzed mineralization under mild conditions. Despite recent advancements in engineering conventional materials with microorganisms through biomimetic mineralization, it remains difficult to produce mineralized composites that integrate the hierarchical structure and living attributes of their natural counterparts. Here, a kind of functional material is developed by integrating 3D printed hydrogel architectures with enzyme‐induced biomineralization. It is shown that the enzyme‐induced mineralization intensely transforms flexible and soft hydrogels (modulus of 125 kPa) to rigid (150 MPa) and highly mineralized hydrogel composites. Coupling with embedded 3D printing, sophisticated and mineralized free‐form architectures are fabricated in the absence of sacrificial inks, which were previously unattainable through conventional manufacturing strategies. Moreover, by exploiting multi‐material 3D printing to tailor the construct composition, exquisite control over the mineral distribution within the hydrogel constructs can be achieved, thus composite materials with tessellated architectures and unconventional mechanics could be obtained. The study provides a viable means to fabricate composite materials with high‐fidelity architectures and tailored mechanical properties, unlocking paths to the next generation of functional materials and structures by integrating 3D printing with biomineralization.
Environmental‐Friendly Polymer for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with Mitigating Lead Leakage
Authors: Cao Qi , Wang Tong , Yang Jiabao , Zhang Yixin , Li Yuke , Pu Xingyu , Zhao Junsong , Chen Hui , Li Xiaoqiang , Tojiboyev Ilhom , Chen Jiangzhao , Etgar Lioz , Li Xuanhua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlthough perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are on the road to industrialization, the operational stability under high efficiency still needs to be improved, and the water solubility of lead ions (Pb2+) will cause environmental pollution problems. Herein, it is successfully implanted an environment‐friendly (biodegradability) poly(butylene adipate‐coterephthalate) polymer (PBAT) into the perovskite film, which can passivate the uncoordinated Pb2+ and neutral iodine defects of the perovskite material because of the adequate carbonyl groups and benzene rings in PBAT polymer, thereby regulating the crystallization of perovskite film with lower trap density, inhibiting the nonradiative recombination and improving charge carrier transport. As a result, the polymer‐incorporated inverted PSCs achieve optimal conversion efficiencies of 22.07% (0.1 cm2) and 20.31% (1 cm2). Meanwhile, the incorporated device, after being encapsulated, exhibits a prominent improvement in operational stability of high‐efficiency device under maximum power point tracking and continuous one sunlight illumination, maintaining the initial efficiency of 80% for 3249 h. More importantly, the polymer network can protect Pb2+ from being dissolved by water and prevent nearly 98% of Pb2+ from leaking by directly immersing the polymer‐coated perovskite film in water. Environmental‐friendly molecules provide new hope for solving lead poisoning and improving device operational stability under high efficiency.
Programmable Living Units for Emulating Pancreatic Tumor‐Stroma Interplay
Authors: Monteiro Maria V. , Rocha Marta , Gaspar Vítor M. , Mano João F. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBioengineering close‐to‐native in vitro models that emulate tumors bioarchitecture and microenvironment is highly appreciable for improving disease modeling toolboxes. Herein, pancreatic cancer living units—so termed cancer‐on‐a‐bead models—are generated. Such user‐programmable in vitro platforms exhibit biomimetic multicompartmentalization and tunable integration of cancer associated stromal elements. These stratified units can be rapidly assembled in‐air, exhibit reproducible morphological features, tunable size, and recapitulate spatially resolved tumor‐stroma extracellular matrix (ECM) niches. Compartmentalization of pancreatic cancer and stromal cells in well‐defined ECM microenvironments stimulates the secretion of key biomolecular effectors including transforming growth factor β and Interleukin 1‐β, closely emulating the signatures of human pancreatic tumors. Cancer‐on‐a‐bead models also display increased drug resistance to chemotherapeutics when compared to their reductionistic counterparts, reinforcing the importance to differentially model ECM components inclusion and their spatial stratification as observed in vivo. Beyond providing a universal technology that enables spatial modularity in tumor‐stroma elements bioengineering, a scalable, in‐air fabrication of ECM‐tunable 3D platforms that can be leveraged for recapitulating differential matrix composition occurring in other human neoplasias is provided here.
An On‐Chip Liquid Metal Plug Generator
Authors: Bhagwat Sagar , O'Brien Ciarán , Hamza Ahmed , Sharma Shatakshi , Rein Christof , Sanjaya Mario , Helmer Dorothea , Kotz‐Helmer Frederik , Pezeshkpour Pegah , Rapp Bastian E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGallium‐based liquid metal nonspherical droplets (plugs) have seen increasing demand recently mainly because their high aspect ratios make them beneficial for a wide range of applications, including microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), microfluidics, sensor technology, radio‐frequency devices, actuators, and switches. However, reproducibility of the generation of such plugs, as well as precise control over their size, is yet challenging. In this work, a simple on‐chip liquid metal plug generator using a commercially available 3D microprinter is presented and the plug generator in poly(dimethylsiloxane) is replicated via soft lithography. Liquid metal plugs are generated via a combination of electrochemical oxidation, design of well‐defined constrictions based on Laplace pressure, and the application of modulated voltage control signals. It is shown that plugs of various aspect ratios can be generated reproducibly for channel widths of 0.5, 0.8, and 1.5 mm with constriction widths of 0.1 mm at 6 V. Laplace‐pressure‐controlled plugs in constricted channels are compared to modulated‐voltage‐generated plugs in straight channels showing that this technique provides significantly enhanced reproducibility and control over the size and spacing between the plugs. This work paves the way to sub‐millimeter liquid metal plugs generated directly on‐chip for on‐demand MEMS and microfluidic applications.
Solution‐Processed TiO2 Nanoparticles Functionalized with Catechol Derivatives as Electron Transporting Layer Materials for Organic Photovoltaics
Authors: Shin Solbi , Shafian Shafidah , Ryu Ka Yeon , Jeon Young‐Kyo , Kim Won‐Suk , Kim Kyungkon 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFor organic photovoltaics (OPVs), the electron transport layer (ETL) material is crucial for collecting and transporting the electrons from the active material toward the electrode. In this study, TiO2 nanoparticles (TNPs) are functionalized with a series of catechol (CA) derivatives possessing different electrophilicities, i.e., CA; CA attached to an electron‐withdrawing cyano group, 3,4‐Dihydroxy benzonitrile (CA‐CN); and CA attached to an electron‐donating methoxy group, 4‐Methoxybenzene‐1,2‐diol (CA‐OMe), and the resulting solution‐processed films are applied as ETLs. The calculated energy level shows that the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) is lowered by the cyano group and raised by the methoxy group, and it forms different cascade energy levels in between photoactive layer and electrode. As a result, the VOC of each device utilizes TNP CA, TNP CA‐CN, and TNP CA‐OMe as ETLs is increased to 0.82, 0.73, and 0.65 V as compared to without ETL (0.63 V), respectively. Under the optimized conditions, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.80 % is achieved for OPVs containing TNP CA as ETLs. The PCE improvement could be mainly attributed to the low recombination rate in between active layer and electrode interface. The findings of this study lead a valuable guide for designing a ligand used for the functionalized TNPs.
Fine Tuning the Optical Properties of Single Au Nanoparticles by Plasmon‐Driven Growth in Closed‐Loop Control
Authors: Martinez Luciana Paula , Gargiulo Julian , Barella Mariano , Violi Ianina Lucila , Stefani Fernando Daniel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe morphology and composition of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) determine their optical response, so finely controlling them at the single particle level is the key to achieve tailored functionalities. Here, the control of plasmon‐driven growth of Au NPs is studied by live monitoring their photoluminescence emission in a closed‐loop. It is found that the final emission maximum of single NPs can be tuned between 550 and 580 nm with a precision of 2–3 nm, and that the tuning is also reflected in their scattering maximum. In comparison to controlling the growth by irradiation time and/or reaction conditions, the closed‐loop control delivers superior reproducibility and a three to fourfold higher precision in the final properties of the NPs.
Pd‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Coupling Between Allyl Carbonates and Vinyl Benzoxazinanones
Authors: Cai Lu‐Yu , Zhang Heng , Wang Kuo , Zhao Hong‐Wu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the presence of Pd(OAc)2/biphenyl‐based phosphoramidite ligand(±)‐L4,the decarboxylative coupling of allyl carbonates with vinyl benzoxazinanonesoccurred readily, and deliveredthe desired productsin the acceptable chemical yields. The chemical structure of the obtained compounds was clearly identified by a single crystal X‐ray analysis.magnified image
Iterative Dynamic Programming Strategy for Electric Vehicle Battery Thermal Management Optimization
Authors: Ma Yan , Li Jiayi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries are extensively used in electric vehicles because of their superior performance in the general environment of global energy shortage. However, lithium‐ion batteries generate large amounts of heat as the battery packs are charged and discharged. If this accumulated heat is not dissipated timely, then the power supply system will fail, resulting in safety accidents. Therefore, a high‐efficiency and energy‐saving optimization strategy is required for both ensuring operating temperature of the battery and saving energy. Herein, a lumped thermal model is established on the basis of the heat generation characteristics of batteries and Newton's law of cooling, and its exactitude is proven by comparison with a liquid cooling system established using AMESim. In addition, to reduce computation time and enhance the real‐time capability, an iterative dynamic programming (IDP) method is proposed to determine the optimal values iteratively in a multidimensional search space, in view of the high nonlinearity and time‐variability of a battery thermal management system as well as the complexity of dynamic programming (DP). Thus, the results from co‐simulations performed in Matlab and AMESim verify that the proposed strategy has high cooling efficiency and can save considerable energy for cooling system compared with PID and DP.
Hourly Work of 3D Microstructural Visualization of Dual Phase Steels by SliceGAN
Authors: Sugiura Keiya , Ogawa Toshio , Adachi Yoshitaka 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSliceGAN is used to generate a 3D microstructure image from one or three 2D images in ferrite‐martensite dual phase steels. This method accelerates 3D visualization of microstructure to be hourly task. The 2D images sliced from the SliceGAN‐3D image seem to be quite similar with the original 2D images. The volume fraction of martensite in SliceGAN‐3D image is in good agreement with that in experimentally reconstructed 3D image.
High‐Performance Flexible Pressure Sensor with a Self‐Healing Function for Tactile Feedback
Authors: Yang Mei , Cheng Yongfa , Yue Yang , Chen Yu , Gao Han , Li Lei , Cai Bin , Liu Weijie , Wang Ziyu , Guo Haizhong , Liu Nishuang , Gao Yihua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHigh‐performance flexible pressure sensors have attracted a great deal of attention, owing to its potential applications such as human activity monitoring, man–machine interaction, and robotics. However, most high‐performance flexible pressure sensors are complex and costly to manufacture. These sensors cannot be repaired after external mechanical damage and lack of tactile feedback applications. Herein, a high‐performance flexible pressure sensor based on MXene/polyurethane (PU)/interdigital electrodes is fabricated by using a low‐cost and universal spray method. The sprayed MXene on the spinosum structure PU and other arbitrary flexible substrates (represented by polyimide and membrane filter) act as the sensitive layer and the interdigital electrodes, respectively. The sensor shows an ultrahigh sensitivity (up to 509.8 kPa–1), extremely fast response speed (67.3 ms), recovery speed (44.8 ms), and good stability (10 000 cycles) due to the interaction between the sensitive layer and the interdigital electrodes. In addition, the hydrogen bond of PU endows the device with the self‐healing function. The sensor can also be integrated with a circuit, which can realize tactile feedback function. This MXene‐based high‐performance pressure sensor, along with its designing/fabrication, is expected to be widely used in human activity detection, electronic skin, intelligent robots, and many other aspects.
Nitrogen services provided by interseeded cover crops in organic corn systems
Authors: Isbell Sarah Abigail , Alonso‐Ayuso María , Bell Terrence H. , Bradley Brosi , Rowles Taran , Kaye Jason P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCover crops (CC) can be used to reduce soil inorganic N (SIN) losses from agricultural soils. However, challenges exist in establishing CCs after corn (Zea mays L.) harvest in regions with a limited window for fall CC growth. One solution to this constraint is to establish a CC by interseeding into a standing corn crop. This experiment aims to assess the effect of interseeding CCs on the N cycle. Within organically managed corn grain and silage systems, we implemented three CC treatments: interseeded annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), postharvest seeded cereal rye (Secale cereale L.), and a no‐CC fallow. We applied fertilizer at a standard level (336 kg N ha−1) and at a high level (420 kg N ha−1). Silage was harvested in October and grain in November. Corn yields were not affected by CC treatments. In the fall in the silage system, the interseeded treatment had reduced SIN compared with the postharvest seeded treatment. In the spring, both interseeded and postharvest seeded treatments had less deep SIN than fallow in grain and silage. Under high N conditions in the spring, interseeded treatments had greater microbial biomass than all other treatment combinations. Both CC treatments and applied N levels affected microbial taxonomic groups. In terms of N retention services, interseeded CCs do have potential to outperform a postharvest seeded CC with a longer window for unshaded fall growth (as in a silage system) and may perform just as well as a postharvest seeded CC in the spring.