bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Native American mitochondrial lineages in admixed populations from Chile: Detecting recent migrations during post‐Columbian times using geographically restricted lineages
Authors: Pezo Patricio , Orellana‐Soto Michael , de la Fuente Constanza , Leiva Ximena , Herrera Luisa , Flores‐Alvarado Sandra , Galimany Jacqueline , de Saint Pierre Michelle , Bravi Claudio , Moraga Mauricio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo analyze the mitochondrial diversity in three admixed populations and evaluate the historical migration effect of native southern population movement to Santiago (capital of Chile). The intensity of migration was quantified using three mitochondrial lineages restricted to South‐Central native groups.MethodsD‐loop sequences were genotyped in 550 unrelated individuals from San Felipe‐Los Andes (n = 108), Santiago (n = 217), and Concepción (n = 225). Sequence processing, alignment, and haplogroup inference were carried out, and different genetic structure analyses were performed for haplogroup frequencies and D‐loop sequences.ResultsThe Native lineages B2i2, C1b13, and D1g were the most frequent haplogroups, especially in Santiago (71.8%). Despite the distance, this city showed a high‐genetic affinity with southern populations, including Concepción (~500 km distant) and native groups, rather than with those from San Felipe‐Los Andes (<100 km distant). In fact, there was a negative correlation between geographical and genetic distance among these cities (r corr = −0.5593, p value = 0.8387). Network analysis revealed shared haplotypes between Santiago, Concepción, and other southern populations. Finally, we found lineages from Concepción acting as ancestral nodes in the northern clade.ConclusionsConsidering the geographic distances from these cities, the results were not consistent with a model of genetic isolation by geographic distance, revealing the effects of a historical migration process from the south to the capital. We also show evidence of possible north‐to‐south migration during admixture onset in Concepción and in addition, we were able to identify previously unreported mitochondrial diversity in urban populations that became lost in Native groups post‐European contact.
Safeguarding without stigmatising: Language of responses to child abuse in high‐ and upper‐middle‐ income countries
Authors: Lines Lauren Elizabeth , Grant Julian Maree , Kakyo Tracy Alexis , Hutton Alison 
Published: March 2022

AbstractChild abuse and neglect is an increasing international social issue. Specific challenges include the over‐representation of disadvantaged and marginalised populations, including First Nations communities. This document review explored how responses to child abuse and neglect are conceptualised in international policy and professional guidelines to identify the language that shapes strategies to address child abuse and neglect. In doing so, this review aimed to identify which approaches may be applicable to the Australian context to underpin population‐wide strategies to address child abuse and neglect and provide a shared language for professionals working with children. Twenty‐two policies and professional guidelines from 13 high and upper‐middle income countries were analysed inductively supported by NVivo software. Key findings showed that many policies and professional guidelines included blame, labelling and stigmatising language which may further marginalise children and families. One approach that minimised stigmatising language was safeguarding as practiced in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Safeguarding may be applicable to contexts like Australia to underpin inclusive approaches and provide a shared vision and language for all professionals working with children. However, further research is needed to explore whether safeguarding could be enacted in culturally safe ways in colonised countries with First Nations populations.
Profile of enzyme in drupe of oueslati's cv. olives during ripening phases: A support method implementation in the production of extra virgin olive oil
Authors: Hachicha Hbaieb Rim , Kotti Faten , Paduano Antonello , Crupi Pasquale , Clodoveo Maria Lisa , Sacchi Raffaele , Gargouri Mohamed 
Published: March 2022

AbstractQuality of virgin olive oil (VOO) depends on phenolic molecules content, which depends on the biochemical characteristics of olive fruits, namely endogenous enzymes. In order to ascertain the influence of olive fruit ripening degree on the phenol content, enzyme activities in olive fruits, and the quality of the corresponding oils were studied during Oueslati olive ripening. In fact, three enzymes were studied: peroxidase (POX) in olive seeds, polyphenoloxidase (PPO), and β‐glucosidase (β‐GL) in olive fruits mesocarp. Each enzyme showed specific trend: POX activity increased gradually until reaching a maximum (17.061 ± 0.101 U g−1 FW) at ripening index (RI) 3.6 and then decreased slowly at advanced ripening stage. However, the maximum of PPO activity (240.421 ± 0.949 U g−1 FW) was observed earlier at RI of 0.7. Concerning β‐glucosidase activity, its maximal was 60.857 ± 1.105 U g−1 FW at RI 2.8, then, it decreased sharply to reach 17.096 ± 0.865 U g−1 FW at RI 3.9. A significant increase of total phenol content as well as the antioxidant activity were observed during Oueslati olive ripening. Moreover, phenolic profile indicated that appropriate harvesting date of Oueslati olives coincided with RI 3.9 given that highest content of most important individuals phenolic compounds responsible for the main VOO biological properties achieved on this date. Furthermore, phenols amount of Oueslati VOO was principally due to PPO enzyme activity as the increase in total phenols coincides with the decrease in PPO activity.
Preparation and electrochromic properties of polyamides based on 3,4‐dimethylthieno[2,3‐b]thiophene
Authors: Ma Yang , Hou Yanjun , Zhang Yuhang , Chang Lijing , Li Rui , Niu Haijun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBased on the performance of improving the stabilities and coloring efficiencies of triphenylamine polymers, this paper separately synthesized different diamines and 3,4‐dimethylthieno[2,3‐b]thiophene‐2,5‐dicarboxylic acid, and the electrochromic functions of the polymer films were studied on indium‐tin oxide glass (ITO) glass. The polymers had a thiophene group, which was rich in π‐electrons and conducive to molecular stability, and showed good stabilities. Ultraviolet spectrum showed that all the six polymers had a wide absorption band in the neutral range of 200–700 nm. Electrochromic analysis showed that the six kinds of polymer films all showed reasonable optical contrast, short response time and low band gap in the infrared spectrum range of 200–1000 nm. Among them, the film formed by PAD2 on ITO glass had better electrochromic properties, longer bleaching response time (tc = 1.3 s, tb = 4.1 s), PAD3 had better coloration efficiency (214 cm2 C−1).
On the slow crack growth process and associated structure–property relationships in polyamide 12 grades
Authors: Messiha Mario , Frank Andreas , Arbeiter Florian , Pinter Gerald 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe influence of micro‐structural changes within polyamide 12 (PA12) grades on their resistance against crack initiation and subsequent Slow Crack Growth (SCG) was examined. Possible micro‐deformation mechanisms and processes guiding slow crack extensions in PA12 are discussed. Special focus was put on the formation of plastic zones as predecessors to microscopic cracks prior to crack initiation via crack freezing analysis. Simultaneously, variations in the pure SCG resistance after a recorded craze‐crack transition were determined via cyclic Cracked Round Bar (CRB) tests. In that context, a homologous series of PA12 grades of increasing molecular weight (MW), as well as a systematically developed series of PA12 grades incorporating a pigment and/or an impact modifier, were selected for this study. Results show a good correlation between the crack initiation resistance and the disentanglement resistance of PA12 chains as well as the size of the plastic zone. In that context, an increasing average MW, leads to increasing disentanglement resistances due to hydrogen bond effects. An impact modification promotes the development of notably larger plastic zones. Contrarily, colored grades exhibit a reduced plastic zone size, rendering a lower amount of dissipated energy before physical crack initiation. Pure SCG resistance follows a similar trend and is improved by high average MW as well as the use of impact modifier. Crack growth acceleration, however, is assumed to occur alongside the relatively weak interfaces between polymer matrix and pigments.
Erdbebenanker für Massivholzkonstruktionen
Authors: Tannert Thomas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDer Holzbau überschreitet derzeit neue Grenzen, besonders in Bezug auf mehrgeschossige Konstruktionen. Wegen der zu berücksichtigenden höheren Wind‐ und Erdbebenlasten sind Hochhäuser mit erhöhten Anforderungen konfrontiert, unter anderem müssen die Erdbebenanker (EA) hohe Tragfähigkeit aufweisen, um diese Lasten abzuleiten, eine hohe Steifigkeit, um horizontale Verschiebungen zu minimieren, sowie Nachgiebigkeit, um die gewünschte Kinematik der aussteifenden Wandplatten während eines Erdbebens zu ermöglichen. In diesem Beitrag wird der Stand der Technik in der EA‐Technologie für aussteifende Massivholzwände zusammengefasst sowie aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse zu drei innovativen EA präsentiert: i) mit Vollgewindeschrauben oberflächeninstallierte Stahlplatten, ii) eingeschlitzte und mit selbstbohrenden Stabdübeln befestigte Stahllochplatten und iii) hyperelastische Platten mit Stahlstangen.
Data integrity within the biopharmaceutical sector in the era of Industry 4.0
Authors: Alosert Haneen , Savery James , Rheaume Jennifer , Cheeks Matthew , Turner Richard , Spencer Christopher , S. Farid Suzanne , Goldrick Stephen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractData Integrity (DI) in the highly regulated biopharmaceutical sector is of paramount importance to ensure decisions on meeting product specifications are accurate and hence assure patient safety and product quality. The challenge of ensuring DI within this sector is becoming more complex with the growing amount of data generated given increasing adoption of process analytical technology (PAT), advanced automation, high throughput microscale studies, and managing data models created by machine learning (ML) tools. This paper aims to identify DI risks and mitigation strategies in biopharmaceutical manufacturing facilities as the sector moves towards Industry 4.0. To achieve this, the paper examines common DI violations and links them to the ALCOA+ principles used across the FDA, EMA, and MHRA. The relevant DI guidelines from the ISPE's GAMP5 and ISA‐95 standards are also discussed with a focus on the role of validated computerised and automated manufacturing systems to avoid DI risks and generate compliant data. The paper also highlights the importance of DI whilst using data analytics to ensure the developed models meet the required regulatory standards for process monitoring and control. This includes a discussion on possible mitigation strategies and methodologies to ensure data integrity is maintained for smart manufacturing operations such as the use of cloud platforms to facilitate the storage and transfer of manufacturing data, and migrate away from paper‐based records.
A parallel model of DenseCNN and ordered‐neuron LSTM for generic and species‐specific succinylation site prediction
Authors: Wang Huiqing , Zhao Hong , Zhang Jing , Han Jiale , Liu Zhihao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLysine succinylation (Ksucc) regulates various metabolic processes, participates in vital life processes, and is involved in the occurrence and development of numerous diseases. Accurate recognition of succinylation sites can reveal underlying functional mechanisms and pathogenesis. However, most remain undetected. Moreover, a deep learning architecture focusing on generic and species‐specific predictions is still lacking. Thus, we proposed a deep learning‐based framework named Deep‐Ksucc, combining a dense convolutional network and ordered‐neuron long short‐term memory in parallel, which took the cascading characteristics of sequence information and physicochemical properties as the input. The results of the generic and species‐specific predictions indicated that Deep‐Ksucc can identify sequence patterns of different organisms and recognize plenty of succinylation sites. The case study showed that Deep‐Ksucc can serve as a reliable tool for biology verification and computer‐aided recognition of succinylation sites.
Copper impurity of iron raw material contributes to improved cell culture performance
Authors: Weiss Christine Hilde , Caspari Janine Stephanie , Merkel Corinna , Zimmer Aline 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCell culture medium (CCM) formulations are chemically defined to reduce lot‐to‐lot variability and complexity of the medium while still providing all essential nutrients supporting cell growth and productivity of various cell lines. However, raw material impurities may still introduce variations and inconsistencies to final CCM formulations. In one of our previous studies (Weiss et al. Biotechnol Prog. 2021;37(4):e3148), we have demonstrated the impact of iron raw material impurity on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell performance and critical quality attributes (CQAs) of recombinant proteins within the Cellvento® 4CHO CCM platform by identifying manganese impurity as the main root cause for improved cell performance and altered glycosylation profiles. This study sought to investigate the impact of iron raw material impurities within another medium platform, namely EX‐CELL® Advanced CHO Fed‐Batch‐Medium. As opposed to previously published results, in this platform, copper instead of manganese impurity present within the used ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) iron source was responsible for an improved cell performance of a CHOZN® cell line and a slight difference in CQAs of the produced recombinant protein. The use of tightly controlled raw material specifications or the use of low impurity iron sources is therefore crucial to minimize the impact of impurities on cell performance in any CCM platform and thereby guarantee consistent and reproducible cell culture processes.
Great imitator with exclusive oral manifestations
Authors: Hayder Faten , Marrakchi Slaheddine , Bahloul Emna , Charfi Slim , Sellami Khadija , Turki Hamida 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOral manifestations in syphilis are frequent through the different stages of the disease. Exclusive oral localization in secondary syphilis (SS) is yet uncommon. Delays in diagnosis are frequent in these patients. We describe a case of SS limited to the buccal mucosa with both serological and histological confirmation.
Guillain‐Barré syndrome associated with Coronavirus disease 2019: A case from Nepal
Authors: Aryal Roshan , Karki Shivaji , Rajbhandari Shreesti , Gajurel Bikram Prasad , Karn Ragesh , Rajbhandari Reema , Paudel Sunanda , Gautam Niraj , Shrestha Ashish , Ojha Rajeev 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has now spread widely after the outbreak since December 31, 2019. Guillain‐Barré syndrome is an immunological postinfectious neuropathy, which has been reported to be a rare but possible complication COVID‐19. We report a case of Guillain‐Barré syndrome associated with COVID‐19 in Nepal.
Visible‐Light Assisted Covalent Surface Functionalization of Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets with Arylazo Sulfones
Authors: Lombardi Lorenzo , Kovtun Alessandro , Mantovani Sebastiano , Bertuzzi Giulio , Favaretto Laura , Bettini Cristian , Palermo Vincenzo , Melucci Manuela , Bandini Marco 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe present an environmentally benign methodology for the covalent functionalization (arylation) of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets with arylazo sulfones. A variety of tagged aryl units were conveniently accommodated at the rGO surface via visible‐light irradiation of suspensions of carbon nanostructured materials in aqueous media. Mild reaction conditions, absence of photosensitizers, functional group tolerance and high atomic fractions (XPS analysis) represent some of the salient features characterizing the present methodology. Control experiments for the mechanistic elucidation (Raman analysis) and chemical nanomanipulation of the tagged rGO surfaces are also reported.
Optimization of an Asymmetric Reaction in the Cavity of Chiral Aromatic Oligoamide Foldamers
Authors: Ma Chunmiao , Tang Jie , Yu Lu , Wen Kehan , Gan Quan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn asymmetric reaction can be implemented and refined in the helical cavity of aromatic oligoamide sequences. These sequences, which bear a chiral inducer, can fold into helical structures with absolute control of the helical sense, whereby a ketone substrate covalently linked in the cavity can be asymmetrically reduced to diastereomers. The diastereoselectivity of the reduction is highly dependent on the shielding efficiency of the helical cavity. Iterative modifications of the sequence, such as addition and replacement of monomers, can fine‐tune the cavity to realize the asymmetric reaction, thereby progressively increasing the diastereomeric excess up to 90 %.
Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Atomic force microscopy − AFM
Authors: Moraille Patricia , Abdali Zahra , Ramkaran Mohini , Polcari David , Patience Gregory S. , Dorval Courchesne Noémie‐Manuelle , Badia Antonella 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAtomic force microscopy (AFM), part of the scanning probe microscopy family, exploits the local interaction forces between the sharp tip of a scanning mechanical probe and a material sample to profile its surface topography or map mechanical and tribological properties over nanometre to micron length scales. AFM images the topography at a sub‐angstrom resolution in height and sub‐nanometre to nanometre lateral resolution for diverse materials spanning extremely soft biological samples to hard metals in air, fluid, or vacuum. The accuracy of dimensional metrology measurements depends on the probe tip radius and geometry, calibration of the piezoelectric scanner movement, and applied force. A number of experimental aspects must be considered to ensure imaging reproducibility and maximize imaging resolution. These considerations include sample preparation, imaging environment, choice of AFM mode and probe, and imaging parameters. AFM offers specialized modes to characterize materials properties such as surface potential, electrochemical reactivity, and electrical and magnetic properties. Recent advances combine AFM and infrared spectroscopy to simultaneously map the surface topography and distribution of chemical species. High‐speed or fast‐scanning AFM captures dynamic structural changes and (bio)molecular processes occurring on the millisecond time scale. Every year, Web of Science indexes over 3200 articles that appear when adding AFM and microscopy in the search field topic. A bibliometric analysis grouped AFM research into five clusters: (1) mechanical properties, membranes, and adhesion, (2) morphology, microstructure, and roughness, (3) spectroscopy, nanocomposite, and oxide, (4) adsorption and steel, and (5) polymer and wettability.
Prediction of electricity energy consumption including COVID‐19 precautions using the hybrid MLR‐FFANN optimized with the stochastic fractal search with fitness distance balance algorithm
Authors: Dalcali Adem , Özbay Harun , Duman Serhat 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe increase in energy consumption is affected by the developments in technology as well as the global population growth. Increasing energy consumption makes it difficult to ensure electrical energy supply security. Meeting the energy demand can be achieved with the right planning. Proper planning is critical for both economical use of resources and low cost for the end consumer. On the other hand, erroneous estimation of demand may cause waste of resources and energy crisis. Accurate estimation is possible by accurately modeling the factors affecting electricity consumption. Apart from known factors such as seasonal conditions, days of the week and hours, modeling in extreme events such as pandemics that affect all our behaviors increases the success in modeling the future projection. This ensures that the security of electrical energy supply is carried out effectively with limited resources. For this purpose, in this study, a hybrid multiple linear regression‐feedforward artificial neural network (MLR‐FFANN) based algorithm model was proposed, taking into account the estimated impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the energy consumption values of Bursa, an industrial city in Turkey. The aim of the hybrid MLR‐FFANN approach was to simultaneously optimize the β polynomial for multiple linear regression and the weight and bias coefficients for the forward propagation neural network using the adaptive guided differential evolution, equilibrium optimizer, slime mold algorithm, and stochastic fractal search with fitness distance balance (SFSFDB) optimization algorithms. The success of the model whose parameters were optimized using the optimization algorithms was determined according to mean absolute error, mean absolute percentage error, and root mean square error evaluation criteria and statistical analysis of these results. According to the results of the analysis, the MLR‐FFANN approach whose parameters were optimized with the SFSFDB algorithm was more successful in the training of the dataset containing the COVID‐19 precautions.
A scalable serology solution for profiling humoral immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination
Authors: Colwill Karen , Galipeau Yannick , Stuible Matthew , Gervais Christian , Arnold Corey , Rathod Bhavisha , Abe Kento T , Wang Jenny H , Pasculescu Adrian , Maltseva Mariam , Rocheleau Lynda , Pelchat Martin , Fazel‐Zarandi Mahya , Iskilova Mariam , Barrios‐Rodiles Miriam , Bennett Linda , Yau Kevin , Cholette François , Mesa Christine , Li Angel X , Paterson Aimee , Hladunewich Michelle A , Goodwin Pamela J , Wrana Jeffrey L , Drews Steven J , Mubareka Samira , McGeer Allison J , Kim John , Langlois Marc‐André , Gingras Anne‐Claude , Durocher Yves 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesAntibody testing against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has been instrumental in detecting previous exposures and analyzing vaccine‐elicited immune responses. Here, we describe a scalable solution to detect and quantify SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies, discriminate between natural infection‐ and vaccination‐induced responses, and assess antibody‐mediated inhibition of the spike‐angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) interaction.MethodsWe developed methods and reagents to detect SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The main assays focus on the parallel detection of immunoglobulin (Ig)Gs against the spike trimer, its receptor binding domain (RBD) and nucleocapsid (N). We automated a surrogate neutralisation (sn)ELISA that measures inhibition of ACE2‐spike or ‐RBD interactions by antibodies. The assays were calibrated to a World Health Organization reference standard.ResultsOur single‐point IgG‐based ELISAs accurately distinguished non‐infected and infected individuals. For seroprevalence assessment (in a non‐vaccinated cohort), classifying a sample as positive if antibodies were detected for ≥ 2 of the 3 antigens provided the highest specificity. In vaccinated cohorts, increases in anti‐spike and ‐RBD (but not ‐N) antibodies are observed. We present detailed protocols for serum/plasma or dried blood spots analysis performed manually and on automated platforms. The snELISA can be performed automatically at single points, increasing its scalability.ConclusionsMeasuring antibodies to three viral antigens and identify neutralising antibodies capable of disrupting spike‐ACE2 interactions in high‐throughput enables large‐scale analyses of humoral immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination. The reagents are available to enable scaling up of standardised serological assays, permitting inter‐laboratory data comparison and aggregation.