bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
eEF2K knockdown synergizes STS to inhibit the angiogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma via TG2/IL-6/VEGFR2 pathway
Authors: Wang Bu , Zou Fang , Xin Gu , Xiang Bao-Li , Zhao Jian-Qing , Yuan Sheng-Fang , Zhang Xiu-Long , Zhang Zhi-Hua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most popular type of lung cancer. Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K) is considered to be a carcinogen, and Sulfotanshinone IIA sodium (STS) has been proved to have anticancer effect. However, their role in LUAD and its underlying mechanism remains unclear.Objective: To figuring out the roles of eEF2K and STS in angiogenesis of LUAD and their underlying mechanism.Methods: The mRNA levels of genes were detected by qRT-PCR. The levels of proteins were measured by Western blot. The secretion of IL-6 was assessed by ELISA. The proliferation and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were detected by EdU assay and tubule formation assay, respectively.Results: Our results illustrated that eEF2K knockdown-LUAD cells synergize STS inhibited the proliferation and angiogenesis of HUVECs, eEF2K knockdown synergized STS inhibited the secretion of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in LUAD cells, and eEF2K knockdown-LUAD cells synergized STS to inhibit the proliferation and angiogenesis of HUVECs, which were dependent on IL-6 secretion and Transglutaminase 2 (TG2). Moreover, eEF2K knockdown-LUAD cells synergized STS inhibited IL-6/STAT3/VEGFR2 pathway depended on TG2. Conclusion: Our research ultimately illustrated that eEF2K knockdown synergized STS to inhibit the angiogenesis of LUAD via TG2/IL-6/VEGFR2 pathway.
Phenological changes and driving forces of lake ice in Central Asia from 2002 to 2020
Authors: Hou Guanyu , Wu Shixin , Ma Xiaofei , Zhang Zihui , Cao Xingwen , Xie Conghui , Ling Qing , Long Weiyi , Luo Geping 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Lake ice phenology is an indicator to the past and present climates which responds to regional and global climate change sensitively. The climate in Central Asia significant changes over the past few decades due to global warming and anthropogenic activity. How ever, there are few studies specially on the lake ice phenology in Central Asia. In this study, lake ice phenology of 53 lakes in Central Asia was extracted using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) daily LST products for the period from 2002 to 2020. The results showed that MODIS-derived lake ice phenology was overall consistent with Landsat-derived and AVHRR-derived lake ice phenology. Generally, lakes in Central Asia start to freeze from October to December. The trend of each lake ice phenology variables showed a strongly regional difference. Lakes distributed along Kunlun Mountains showed an over all delaying trend in all lake ice phenology variables, while lakes located in the south west part of Central Asia showed an obivious advancing trend of FUS (7.06 days) and BUE (6.81 days). A correlation between lake ice phenology variables and parameters describing local and climatic conditions showed that break up process and ice completely cover duration is more thermal dependent and precipitation mainly affect the freeze up duration. Wind speed mainly affects ice completely frozen duration. Generally, break up process are more easily affected by climatic factors, while local factors have great impact on freeze up process.
Objective lessons from a chylothorax protocol: identifying specific mediators of chest tube duration
Authors: Loomba Rohit S. , Heenan Brian , Ogden Tracey , Davis Megan , Wong Joshua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Chylothorax after pediatric cardiothoracic surgery is associated with increased morbidity and resource utilization. There is limited data on optimal management of chylothorax as well as effectiveness of individual components of previously reported management protocols. A chylothorax clinical management protocol was implemented at Advocate Children’s Hospital as a quality improvement initiative with the primary objective of determining the association of protocol implementation with chest tube duration. Secondary objectives were to determine the association of individual protocol elements with chest tube duration.
Methods
The clinical management protocol was developed by a multidisciplinary work group after reviewing internal practice patterns as well as published data. Patient data was compared 21 months before and 21 months after implementation of the protocol in April 2019. Data collected included patient demographics, chest tube duration, and medical and dietary interventions such as use of steroids and low fat diet. Outcomes analyzed included death, surgery, duration of chest tube, and hospital length of stay.
Results
A total of 15 and 27 patients were analyzed before and after protocol implementation respectively. There was no significant difference in demographic data. Protocol adherence was 96%. Methylprednisolone was used exclusively after protocol implementation. Patients tended to receive lower maximum doses of furosemide and chlorothiazide after protocol implementation. Multivariable analysis showed that duration of chest tube after onset of chylous output decreased by 3 days after protocol implementation. A cutoff of 10 mL/kg per 24 hours of chest tube output was shown to predict high volume chest tube output above the median.
Conclusion
A chylothorax management protocol was associated with a 3-day decrease in chest tube output in pediatric cardiac patients. Review of the protocol components demonstrates that a 5-day course of steroids may be beneficial while a low-fat diet may not. This initiative demonstrates how a quality improvement initiative can be successfully utilized in the clinical setting and provide not only protocol level data but also component-specific data.
CircFOXK2 Functions as a Protein Encode and a microRNA Sponge to Promote Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression and Lead a Poor Clinical Prognosis via Regulating the Warburg Effect
Authors: Zheng Jun , Pan Zihao , Lu Tongyu , Song Wen , Liang Jinliang , Zhang Jiebin , Cai Jianye , Sui Xin , Xiao Jiaqi , Chen Haitian , Chen Guihua , Liu Yubin , Zhang Qi , Zheng Kanghong , Yang Yang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The Warburg effect is essential for tumor progression, metastasis, and drug resistance, causing poor clinical outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as important regulators in HCC development and progression. However, limited circRNAs involved in the Warburg effect of HCC have been investigated. Herein, we aimed to explore the contribution of a novel circRNA that derived from the FOXK2 gene locus, circFOXK2, to the reprogramming of glucose metabolism of HCC.
Methods
Firstly, we constructed divergent primers to identify 14 circRNAs originated from FOXK2 gene followed by investigating their differential expression between HCC specimens and the adjacent normal tissues (ANTs), and circFOXK2 (has_circ_0000817) was screened for further research. Next, the clinical significance of circFOXK2 for the patients with HCC was evaluated, coupled with evaluating its onco-promoting activity and the affection to the Warburg effect in both HCC cell lines and animal xenograft. Finally, the molecular mechanisms underlying circFOXK2 regulating the Warburg effect of HCC were explored.
Results
We showed that circFOXK2 was aberrantly upregulation in HCC tissues, and its expression was positively correlated with poor clinical outcomes in patients receiving radical hepatectomy. And silenced circFOXK2 remarkably suppressed the progression of HCC both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we unveiled that circFOXK2 not only encoded a novel protein, FOXK2-142aa, to promote LDHA phosphorylation but also inactivated miR-484 and subsequently promoted Fis1 expression leading to mitochondrial fission, which activate the Warburg effect in HCC.
Conclusions
CircFOXK2, a prognostic biomarker of the disease, exerts critical roles in promoting the Warburg effect through its roles in protein encode and miRNA sponge so that leading tumor progression, indicating that circFOXK2 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for patients with HCC.
Antifungal synergistic effect of paprika and cinnamon oleoresins and their coencapsulation by spray chilling technique to produce a carotenoid-cinnamaldehyde rich food powder
Authors: Procopio Fernanda Ramalho , Ferraz Mariana Costa , Prado-Silva Leonardo Do , Paulino Bruno Nicolau , Sant’Ana Anderson S. , Pastore Glaucia Maria , Sobral Paulo José do Amaral , Hubinger Miriam Dupas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Oleoresins are natural extracts obtained from plants and spices. Cinnamaldehyde and carotenoids are the main compounds found in cinnamon and paprika oleoresins, respectively, and exhibit pronounced antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. The coencapsulation of the two oleoresins can promote greater stability and synergism between them. Microencapsulation by spray chilling generates solid lipid microparticles when the atomized matrix crystallizes in contact with the cold chamber. This technique allows greater trapping of volatile compounds as they are more soluble in lipid materials. This work's main objective was to evaluate the synergistic antifungal effect between cinnamon and paprika oleoresins and their coencapsulation by spray chilling. Cinnamon:Paprika (1:1 and 2:1) mixture showed a synergistic effect against Penicillium paneum and Aspergillus niger. The extracts also prevented the growth of microorganisms without direct contact with the agar. The microparticles showed a spherical surface and polymorphic β' characteristic. Particles containing paprika oleoresin presented orange color, while samples with only cinnamon were off white. The size distribution was multimodal with (D0.5) ranging from 13.6 µm for samples containing only cinnamon to 1152.7 µm for samples containing only paprika oleoresin. The storage temperature (5 and 25°C) affected the release of cinnamaldehyde from the microparticles. Regarding the first 14 days, samples stored at 5°C released more cinnamaldehyde compared to that stored at 25°C. Nevertheless, at the end of the 49 days, the content of cinnamaldehyde retained in the particles was practically the same. The concentration of carotenoids in the particles remained constant throughout the 49 days of storage for both temperatures. The co-encapsulation of oleoresin from paprika and cinnamon made it possible to obtain a lipid coloring powder that may have antimicrobial properties.
Long COVID in K18-hACE2 mice causes persistent brain inflammation and cognitive impairment
Authors: Sriram Srinivas , Parekh Rohan , Theobald Drew , Akula Shaw , O’Rourke Dorcas , Eells Jeffrey 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Evidence suggests that patients with long COVID experience cognitive abnormalities. However, these clinical data are mostly associational studies complicated by confounding variables, thus the mechanisms responsible for persistent neurological symptoms are unknown. Here we establish an animal model of long COVID by eliciting mild disease in K18-hACE2 mice. Following recovery from infection with a low dose of SARS-CoV-2, K18-hACE2 mice show the characteristic lung fibrosis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, which correlates with increased expression of the pro-inflammatory kinin B1 receptor (B1R). These mice also have elevated expression of B1Rs and inflammatory markers in the brain and exhibit cognitive impairments such as elevated anxiety and attenuated exploratory behavior. Our data demonstrate that K18-hACE2 mice exhibit persistent effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on brain tissue, revealing the potential of this model for investigating long COVID. The results further imply that elevated B1R expression may drive the long-lasting inflammatory response associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Effect of air pollution from quarry activities on agriculture and plant biodiversity in South-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Ekpa Imoh Dominic , Laniyan David Gbenga , Agbor Cletus Nzan , Ben Ubong Camilus , Okon Joseph Etim 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
There are several quarry activities spread across Southeastern Nigeria contributing 8.7% GDP annually to the economy. However, these industries are usually associated with air pollution. To assess the impact of quarry dust on plant biodiversity, PM2.5, PM10 and some meteorological parameters were measured using Aeroqual 500 series as well as taking a social survey. High amount of particulate matters that exceeded the international standard were recorded at the four chosen quarry locations in Ebonyi State. The correlation coefficient between the particulate matters with the meteorological parameters of the locations all show a strong relationship with temperature recording a stronger value of 0.981. Similarly, the coefficient of determination 0.962 shows that temperature has the highest meteorological percentage variation on PM2.5 and PM10. Furthermore, a notable negative impact of quarrying on plant biodiversity, habitat destruction and plant survival are also revealed based on respondents’ results where wide range of local plants were affected with vegetables been the most with respondent of 30%. From the obtained results, it is highly recommended that there should be an establishment of dust control mechanism- by developing green belt around the quarrying using pollutant-tolerant trees in order to restrict spreading of dust and regulating the industry as a self-regulatory mechanism.
Trends and Progress in Studying Butterfly Migration
Authors: Chowdhury Shawan , Zalucki Myron P. , Amano Tatsuya , Poch Tomas J. , Lin Mu-Ming , Ohwaki Atsushi , Lin Da-Li , Yang Li , Choi Sei-Woong , Jennions Michael , Fuller Richard A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Several hundred butterfly species show some form of migratory behaviour. Here we identify how the methodologies available for studying butterfly migration have changed over time, and document geographic and taxonomic foci in the study of butterfly migration.
Method
We review publications on butterfly migration published in six languages [English, Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Spanish], summarise how migration in butterflies has been studied, explore geographic and taxonomic patterns in the knowledge base, and outline key future research directions.
Results
Using English search keywords, we found only 58 studies from Asia; however, after searching in local languages, we found an additional 99 relevant studies from China, Japan, and Taiwan. Overall, butterfly migration studies are mostly concentrated in North America and Europe, with only 4.6% from Africa. Most studies focus on three species: monarch [Danaus plexippus], painted lady [Vanessa cardui] and red admiral [Vanessa atalanta]. About 62% of publications are focused on the monarch, with nearly 50% of migratory butterflies mentioned in no more than a single paper.
Conclusions
Several research methods have been applied to ascribe migratory status and to study the physiology, neurobiology, and ecology of migration; however, virtually all this research is focused on a handful of species. There remain hundreds of species for which we do not understand the full seasonal pattern of movement, flight destinations, wintering, or breeding grounds. A full understanding of movement ecology and migratory connectivity is needed to effectively conserve migratory butterflies.
Gender-specific relationship between frequency of food-away-from-home with serum lipid levels and dyslipidemia in Chinese rural adults
Authors: Wang Yuyang , Liu Xiaotian , Dong Xiaokang , Liu Beibei , Kang Ning , Huo Wenqian , Mao Zhenxing , Hou Jian , Wang Chongjian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
ObjectivePrevious studies have explored the relationship of food-away-from-home (FAFH) with metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, etc. However, the association between the frequency of FAFH and dyslipidemia remained unclear, especially for rural populations. This study aimed to explore the relationship of FAFH frequency with serum lipid levels and dyslipidemia in rural Chinese adults.MethodsA total of 29,479 adults aged 18–79 were recruited from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Information on FAFH frequency was collected using a validated questionnaire. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured by the enzymatic method. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression models were used to explore the association of FAFH frequency with serum lipid levels and dyslipidemia, respectively. Mediation analysis was used to explore whether BMI mediated the relationship between FAFH and dyslipidemia.ResultsFAFH frequency was significantly associated with higher levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, and lower HDL-C (P < 0.05). Compared with the 0 FAFH times/week group, the multivariate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of the groups with 8–11 FAFH times/week for dyslipidemia were 1.991 (1.569, 2.526) in men, and those who consumed 8–11 FAFH times/week was significantly associated with high TC (OR: 1.928, 95% CI: 1.247, 2.980), high TG (OR: 1.723, 95% CI: 1.321, 2.247) and high LDL-C (OR: 1.875, 95% CI: 1.215, 2.893), while positively associated with low HDL-C (OR: 1.513, 95% CI: 1.168, 1.959). In addition, BMI played a fully mediating role between FAFH and dyslipidemia in men.ConclusionFAFH was significantly associated with a higher risk of dyslipidemia and increased risk of abnormal serum lipid levels in rural China, especially in men. The relationship between FAFH and dyslipidemia was fully mediated by BMI in men. The findings provide new evidence for improving dietary quality and preventing dyslipidemia, especially in low- and middle-income settings.Clinical Trial RegistrationThe Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699).
Volumetric and Viscometric Studies of Binary Mixtures of Ethyl Acetate with n-Propanol and 2-Propanol at Different Temperatures
Authors: Alauddin Jerin , Pande Sagar , Uddin Md. Helal , Al-Reza Sharif M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this study, densities and viscosities of binary mixtures formed by ethyl acetate with n-propanol and 2-propanol have been measured over the entire range of composition at 303.15, 308.15, 313.15, and 318.15 K. Excess molar volume (VE), excess viscosity (ηE), excess Gibb’s free energy of activation (ΔG*E) and Grunberg-Nissan interaction parameter (d12) have been evaluated from experimental density and viscosity data. The computed excess functions VE, ηE, and ΔG*E have been fitted to Redlich-Kister polynomial equation. The observed values of excess properties and interaction parameters for both the systems have been interpreted in terms of molecular interactions in the mixtures. Results show that for both mixtures, the chemical or specific interactions between ethyl acetate and alcohol molecules are absent, and dispersion type of forces are predominant.
Income Inequality Among the U.S. States: the Efficacy of Welfare Payment and Spending on Education
Authors: Reza Ali M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The fifty American states plus the District of Columbia provide an excellent experimental setting to study income inequality and the efficacy of various programs that attempt to ameliorate income inequality. In this study I use state expenditures on some programs – specifically, education and welfare – to evaluate the extent to which such programs influence income inequality. The conclusion reached here is that while expenditures on education reduce income inequality, public welfare spending at best tends to not affect it and likely worsen it.
TMUB1 as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for colorectal cancer
Authors: Hao Tao , Liu Qian , Yu Hanqiang , Huang Daqi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundTransmembrane and ubiquitin-like domain-containing protein 1 (TMUB1) is overexpressed in a large number of liver and esophageal tumors. However, only a few reports on the clinical significance of TMUB1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) exist. MethodsHere, we evaluated the clinical significance and potential biological role of TMUB1 using bioinformatics analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship of TMUB1 with clinicopathological features. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to identify the biological function of TMUB1, while any associations between the expression of TMUB1 and the infiltration of 24 immune cells were analyzed using imple-sample GSEA. ResultsTMUB1 was significantly overexpressed in CRC tissues compared with normal controls. High expression of TMUB1 in CRC was associated with T stage, neotype, and residual tumor. Moreover, TMUB1 was identified as an independent factor of poor disease-free survival (DFS) and short overall survival (OS). GSEA demonstrated that TMUB1 was related to hypoxia, angiogenesis, adipogenesis, inflammatory response, IL6-JAK-STAT3 signaling, apoptosis, mitotic spindle, and IL2-STAT5 signaling. The expression of TMUB1 negatively correlated with the abundance of T helper cells, Tcm cells, macrophages, and Th2 cells, whereas it positively correlated with the abundance of several immune cell types, including CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells. ConclusionsTMUB1 may be a potential diagnostic and prognosis biomarker for colorectal cancer
Effect of Technological Processing of Plant Raw Materials on the Reduction of Pesticide Residues in Finished Products
Authors: Andreev Timofey , Tsygankov Vasiliy 
Published: July 2022

Pesticides in food cause great harm to human health. Unfortunately, agricultural pests make their use unavoidable. However, special processing can lower the content of pesticides in plant products. The present article summarizes and systematizes the previously obtained data on the possible reduction of contaminant residues in plant products during various processing stages.
The review featured 30 years of domestic and foreign publications on pesticides in Elsevier, Taylor & Francis, Springer, PubMed, Google, and Google Scholar.
Proper technological processing can reduce the concentration of pesticides by 99%. However, particular physicochemical properties can lead to the accumulation of the xenobiotics, which may later transform into more dangerous compounds. Such cases require special operations to remove pesticides. Most contaminants usually remain on the surface. As a result, peeling and chemical washing seem to be the most effective method of anti-pesticide technological processing. These procedures can lower the amount of pesticides by 85% and more, if repeated. Eventually, the remaining pesticides fall below 7.5% of the initial content.
The review structured information on the anti-pesticide procedures in food industry. By combining various methods, farmers can increase the biosafety of their products. Further research is prospective because the number of compounds used as pesticides continue to grow.