bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lead location as a determinant of motor benefit in subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Vitek Jerrold L. , Patriat Rémi , Ingham Lisa , Reich Martin M. , Volkmann Jens , Harel Noam 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundSubthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) is regarded as an effective treatment for patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). Clinical benefit, however, varies significantly across patients. Lead location has been hypothesized to play a critical role in determining motor outcome and may account for much of the observed variability reported among patients.ObjectiveTo retrospectively evaluate the relationship of lead location to motor outcomes in patients who had been implanted previously at another center by employing a novel visualization technology that more precisely determines the location of the DBS lead and its contacts with respect to each patient’s individually defined STN.MethodsAnatomical models were generated using novel imaging in 40 PD patients who had undergone bilateral STN DBS (80 electrodes) at another center. Patient-specific models of each STN were evaluated to determine DBS electrode contact locations with respect to anterior to posterior and medial to lateral regions of the individualized STNs and compared to the change in the contralateral hemi-body Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Part III (UPDRS-III) motor score.ResultsThe greatest improvement in hemi-body motor function was found when active contacts were located within the posterolateral portion of the STN (71.5%). Motor benefit was 52 and 36% for central and anterior segments, respectively. Active contacts within the posterolateral portion also demonstrated the greatest reduction in levodopa dosage (77%).ConclusionThe degree of motor benefit was dependent on the location of the stimulating contact within the STN. Although other factors may play a role, we provide further evidence in support of the hypothesis that lead location is a critical factor in determining clinical outcomes in STN DBS.
Spectral CT for preoperative prediction of lymphovascular invasion in resectable gastric cancer: With external prospective validation
Authors: Li Jing , Wang Yi , Wang Rui , Gao Jian-bo , Qu Jin-rong 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesTo develop and externally validate a spectral CT based nomogram for the preoperative prediction of LVI in patients with resectable GC.MethodsThe two centered study contained a retrospective primary dataset of 224 pathologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinomas (161 males, 63 females; mean age: 60.57 ± 10.81 years, range: 20-86 years) and an external prospective validation dataset from the second hospital (77 males and 35 females; mean age, 61.05 ± 10.51 years, range, 31 to 86 years). Triple-phase enhanced CT scans with gemstone spectral imaging mode were performed within one week before surgery. The clinicopathological characteristics were collected, the iodine concentration (IC) of the primary tumours at arterial phase (AP), venous phase (VP), and delayed phase (DP) were measured and then normalized to aorta (nICs). Univariable analysis was used to compare the differences of clinicopathological and IC values between LVI positive and negative groups. Independent predictors for LVI were screened by multivariable logistic regression analysis in primary dataset and used to develop a nomogram, and its performance was evaluated by using ROC analysis and tested in validation dataset. Its clinical use was evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsTumor thickness, Borrmann classification, CT reported lymph node (LN) status and nICDP were independent predictors for LVI, and the nomogram based on these indicators was significantly associated with LVI (P&lt;0.001). It yielded an AUC of 0.825 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.769-0.872) and 0.802 (95% CI, 0.716-0.871) in primary and validation datasets (all P&lt;0.05), with promising clinical utility by DCA.ConclusionThis study presented a dual energy CT quantification based nomogram, which enables preferable preoperative individualized prediction of LVI in patients with GC.
A novel prognostic model based on three integrin subunit genes-related signature for bladder cancer
Authors: Tu Hongtao , Liu Haolin , Zhang Longfei , Tan Zhiyong , Wang Hai , Jiang Yongming , Xia Zhongyou , Guo Liwei , Xia Xiaodong , Gu Peng , Liu Xiaodong 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundPresently, a comprehensive analysis of integrin subunit genes (ITGs) in bladder cancer (BLCA) is absent. This study endeavored to thoroughly analyze the utility of ITGs in BLCA through computer algorithm-based bioinformatics.MethodsBLCA-related materials were sourced from reputable databases, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). R software-based bioinformatics analyses included limma-differential expression analysis, survival-Cox analysis, glmnet-Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), clusterProfiler-functional annotation, and gsva-estimate-immune landscape analysis. The expression difference of key genes was verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).ResultsAmong the 11 ITGs that were abnormally expressed in BLCA, ITGA7, ITGA5, and ITGB6 were categorized as the optimal variables for structuring the risk model. The high-risk subcategories were typified by brief survival, abysmal prognosis, prominent immune and stromal markers, and depressed tumor purity. The risk model was also an isolated indicator of the impact of clinical outcomes in BLCA patients. Moreover, the risk model, specifically the high-risk subcategory with inferior prognosis, became heavily interlinked with the immune-inflammatory response and smooth muscle contraction and relaxation.ConclusionThis study determined three ITGs with prognostic values (ITGA7, ITGA5, and ITGB6), composed a novel (ITG-associated) prognostic gene signature, and preliminarily probed the latent molecular mechanisms of the model.
GAPDH in neuroblastoma: Functions in metabolism and survival
Authors: Cornett Kevin , Puderbaugh Anna , Back Olivia , Craven Rolf 
Published: October 2022

Neuroblastoma is a pediatric cancer of neural crest cells. It develops most frequently in nerve cells around the adrenal gland, although other locations are possible. Neuroblastomas rely on glycolysis as a source of energy and metabolites, and the enzymes that catalyze glycolysis are potential therapeutic targets for neuroblastoma. Furthermore, glycolysis provides a protective function against DNA damage, and there is evidence that glycolysis inhibitors may improve outcomes from other cancer treatments. This mini-review will focus on glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), one of the central enzymes in glycolysis. GAPDH has a key role in metabolism, catalyzing the sixth step in glycolysis and generating NADH. GAPDH also has a surprisingly diverse number of localizations, including the nucleus, where it performs multiple functions, and the plasma membrane. One membrane-associated function of GAPDH is stimulating glucose uptake, consistent with a role for GAPDH in energy and metabolite production. The plasma membrane localization of GAPDH and its role in glucose uptake have been verified in neuroblastoma. Membrane-associated GAPDH also participates in iron uptake, although this has not been tested in neuroblastoma. Finally, GAPDH activates autophagy through a nuclear complex with Sirtuin. This review will discuss these activities and their potential role in cancer metabolism, treatment and drug resistance.
Development of a drug risk analysis and assessment system and its application in signal excavation and analysis of 263 cases of fluoroquinolone-induced adverse reactions
Authors: Guan Yuyao , Ji Lei , Zheng Lei , Yang Jing , Qin Yizhuo , Ding Ning , Miao Ting , Liu Xuemei 
Published: October 2022

Background: Adverse drug reaction (ADR) signal mining is essential for assessing drug safety. However, the currently available methods for this are rather cumbersome.Objective: We aimed to develop a drug risk analysis and assessment system using Java language and conduct pharmacovigilance data mining for fluoroquinolones at our hospital.Methods: We used ADR data reported by Shandong Provincial Third Hospital between July 2007 and August 2021. The signal detection methods included proportional reporting ratio (PRR), reporting odds ratio (ROR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). The BCPNN method was used as the reference standard for comparing the remaining three signal detection methods based on sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and Jorden index.Results: The hospital database contained a total of 2,621 ADR reports, among which 263 were attributed to fluoroquinolones. There were 391 fluoroquinolone-ADR pairs. Using the PRR, ROR, MHRA, and BCPNN method, we detected 13 signals, 13 signals, 10 signals, and 11 weak signals, respectively. After signal detection, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin were shown to induce high risk signals for mental and sleep disorders, with the signal intensity of moxifloxacin being the most significant. Compared with BCPNN, the PRR and ROR methods showed better sensitivity, whereas the MHRA method showed better specificity.Conclusion: We developed a drug risk analysis and assessment system that can help hospitals and other medical institutions to detect and analyse ADR signals in the self-reporting system database, and thus improve drug safety. Further, it indicates that the central nervous system damage caused by fluoroquinolones should be monitored closely, and thus provides a reference for the clinical application of these drugs.
Short total sleep duration and poor sleep quality might be associated with asthenozoospermia risk: A case-control study
Authors: Li Xiaoying , Wang Xiaobin , Wu Qijun , Guo Renhao , Leng Xu , Du Qiang , Pan Bochen , Zhao Yuhong 
Published: October 2022

Sleep has been related to a variety of health outcomes. However, no association between sleep and asthenozoospermia has been reported. The aim of this study is to first investigate the relationship between sleep status and asthenozoospermia risk. A case-control study, including 540 asthenozoospermia cases and 579 controls, was performed from June 2020 to December 2020 in the infertility clinic from Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University. Data on sleep status were collected by Pittsburgh sleep quality index questionnaires and asthenozoospermia was diagnosed based on the World Health Organization guidelines. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated by logistic regression analysis to assess the aforementioned association. Results of this study demonstrated that compared with total sleep duration of 8–9 h/day, &lt; 8 h/day was related to asthenozoospermia risk (OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.05–1.99); compared to good sleep quality, poor sleep quality was associated with asthenozoospermia risk (OR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.04–1.77). There were multiplicative model interaction effects between sleep quality and tea drinking (p = 0.04), rotating night shift work (p &lt; 0.01) on asthenozoospermia risk. However, we failed to detect any associations between night sleep duration, daytime napping duration, night bedtime, wake-up time, sleep pattern and asthenozoospermia risk. In conclusion, short total sleep duration and poor sleep quality might be related to asthenozoospermia risk. Further well-designed prospective studies are warranted to confirm our findings.
Facilitators and barriers in preventing doping among recreational athletes: A qualitative interview study among police officers
Authors: Kvillemo Pia , Strandberg Anna K. , Elgán Tobias H. , Gripenberg Johanna 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundDoping is a societal problem associated with health problems, violence, and other crimes, especially when combined with alcohol and drugs. Elite, as well as recreational athletes who exercise in gyms may use doping to enhance their performance and/or improve their appearance. According to Swedish law, manufacturing, selling, supplying, possessing, and using anabolic androgenic steroids and growth hormones is forbidden. Exceptions apply if these substances are used for medical purposes and prescribed by doctors. As doping is illegal, the police authority is vital in counteracting doping.AimWe aimed to identify facilitators and barriers to effective doping prevention at gyms by examining police officers' views on doping as a societal problem, their experiences of doping prevention efforts, and their perceptions on what enables or hinders doping prevention.MethodsInterviews with police officers (n = 15) were conducted from December 2021 to May 2022. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. A targeted content analysis of the material was performed.ResultsFacilitators for effective doping prevention involving the police included the recognition of doping as a societal problem; mobilization of key actors; motivated police management and officers; adequate resource allocation; collaboration between the police, gyms, and other relevant authorities; and skills development for police and other professions. Barriers to effective doping prevention included a lack of knowledge about doping, time-consuming processes around the detection and collection of evidence in doping offenses, and competing tasks for police officers.ConclusionDoping prevention should become more efficient by taking advantage of existing facilitators and removing remaining barriers. This study could guide recommendations linked to the police organization and the surrounding society regarding doping prevention.
Trends of myopia development among primary and junior school students in the post-COVID-19 epidemic period
Authors: Zhou Wen , Li Qin , Chen Hongyan , Liao Ya , Wang Wei , Pei Yifei , Li Suyan , Zhang Wenxuan , Wang Qian , Wang Xiaojuan 
Published: October 2022

PurposeTo investigate the trends of myopia among primary and junior school students in the post-COVID-19 epidemic period.MethodA prospective of cross-sectional study using spot photoscreenings in 123,538 children among primary and junior school students from 2019 to 2021 was conducted to evaluate the development of myopia in Xuzhou, China in the post-COVID-19 epidemic period. Equivalent refraction and the prevalence of myopia were recorded.ResultsThe spherical equivalent refraction of myopia decreased across all grades except grade 1 (0.23 ± 0.56 D in 2019, 0.24 ± 0.63 D in 2020) from 2019 to 2020. However, refraction exhibited a hyperopic shift in 2021 compared to 2020 for grades 1–5 (no significant decreased for grade 4). The prevalence of myopia in all grades increased in 2020 compared to 2019, and the most dramatic changes were observed from grades 2–5 and grades 7–8 (P &lt; 0.05). The changes in myopia prevalence in grades 1–4 were mild, and the reduction in myopia for Grade 5 is significant from 2020 to 2021. Nevertheless, students in grades 6 and 9 exhibited the greatest growth in myopia prevalence (P &lt; 0.01). All grades had higher myopia prevalence in 2021 compared with 2019, except grade 1 (P = 0.25). The prevalence of myopia in girls was higher compared with boys, and the urban myopia prevalence was higher than in rural areas over the 3 years except in 2019 (P = 0.18).ConclusionsThe prevalence of myopia increased during the COVID-19 epidemic. However, the spherical equivalent refraction of lower grade children drifted to hyperopia and the trends of myopia development remained stable in the post-COVID-19 epidemic period. We should be more concerned about the prevalence of myopia in graduating for the primary or junior grades in the future.
Needs assessment survey of healthcare providers’ perceptions and practices regarding delirium prevention at a university medical center
Authors: Alghamdi Bushra , Koroukian Siran M. , Kresevic Denise , Drummond Colin K. 
Published: October 2022

Background: Despite the high prevalence and serious implications of delirium, identification, tracking, and documentation of the condition remain a challenge for the health care team, impeding management of patients. This survey is the first phase of a qualitative study to build a conversational agent-based tool for screening and managing delirium-prone patients.Objectives: To assess healthcare providers’ perceptions of delirium management, focusing on patient assessment, therapeutic interventions, and subsequent communication and documentation.Design: An electronic web-based survey was distributed to healthcare providers identified as caring for inpatient acutely ill older adults admitted for medical and orthopedic surgery needs. Respondent contact information was removed to preserve anonymity.Setting: A 1,000 bed university-affiliated teaching hospital in an urban setting.Participants: 23 residents in family practice, 36 residents in internal medicine, and a total of 492 advanced care nurses, nurses, and clinical staff.Approach: The analysis of survey responses provided insight into providers’ current experiences with delirium assessment tools including computerized documentation, as well as their perceptions and attitudes toward delirium prevention.Key results: Most respondents (89%) thought delirium could be prevented, and 85% thought targeting delirium risk factors was helpful. Fifty one percent reported patients’ loneliness and need for companionship, and 65% believed delirium was linked to higher mortality. Only 14% of respondents thought existing Electronic Health Record (EHR) alerts to identify high-risk delirium patients were useful, and 38% thought current delirium assessment protocols were helpful. In addition, 33% of nurses never received formal delirium prevention training, and 48% indicated that they needed improved systems to assess and manage patients at risk for delirium.Conclusion: A majority of providers affirmed that current delirium protocols are helpful; however, existing screening instruments and methods for documentation are cumbersome, resulting in incomplete or limited documentation of episodes. These barriers lead to an understatement of evidence available for continuous improvement of the patient management process.
Amplification-free nucleic acid detection with a fluorescence-based waveguide biosensor
Authors: Kocheril Philip A. , Lenz Kiersten D. , Jacobsen Daniel E. , Kubicek-Sutherland Jessica Z. 
Published: October 2022

Early detection of pathogens using nucleic acids in clinical samples often requires sensitivity at the single-copy level, which currently necessitates time-consuming and expensive nucleic acid amplification. Here, we describe 1) a redesigned flow cell in the shape of a trapezoid-subtracted geometric stadium, and 2) modified experimental procedures that allow for the measurement of sub-attomolar analytes in microliter quantities on a fluorescence-based waveguide biosensor. We verified our instrumental sensitivity with a 200-μL sample of a fluorescent streptavidin conjugate at 100 zM (100 zeptomolar, or 100·10−21 mol L−1) and theoretically explored the applicability of this modified sensing platform in a sandwich immunoassay format using a Langmuir adsorption model. We present assays that demonstrate specific detection of synthetic influenza A DNA (in buffer) and RNA (in saliva) oligonucleotides at the single-copy level (200 μL at 10 zM) using a fluorescent molecular beacon. Lastly, we demonstrate detection of isolated genomic influenza A RNA at a clinically relevant concentration. This work constitutes a sensitivity improvement of over twelve orders of magnitude compared to our previous nucleic acid detection work, illustrating the significant enhancements that can be gained with optimized experimental design.
Clinical and radiological outcomes of jumbo cup in revision total hip arthroplasty: A systematic review
Authors: Wang Qiuyuan , Wang Qi , Liu Pei , Ge Juncheng , Zhang Qidong , Guo Wanshou , Wang Weiguo 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionMany studies have reported the clinical outcomes of a jumbo cup in revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA) with acetabular bone defect. We conducted a systematic review to access the survivorship and clinical and radiological outcomes of a jumbo cup in rTHA.MethodsA systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A comprehensive literature search from PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was performed with the keywords (“revision” OR “revision surgery” OR “revision arthroplasty”) AND (“total hip arthroplasty” OR “total hip replacement” OR “THA” OR “THR”) AND (“jumbo cup” OR “jumbo component” OR “extra-large cup” OR “extra-large component”). Studies reporting the clinical or radiological outcomes were included. The basic information and radiological and clinical results of these studies were extracted and summarized for analysis.ResultsA total of 19 articles were included in the systematic review. The analysis of clinical results included 953 hips in 14 studies. The re-revision-free survivorship of the jumbo cup was 95.0% at a mean follow-up of 9.3 years. Dislocation, aseptic loosening, and periprosthetic joint infection were the top three complications with an incidence of 5.9%, 3.0%, and 2.1%, respectively. The postrevision hip center was relatively elevated 10.3 mm on average; the mean postoperative leg-length discrepancy was 5.4 mm.ConclusionA jumbo cup is a favorable option for acetabular bone defect reconstruction in rTHA with satisfying survivorship and acceptable complication rates.
Multiple ossified spinal meningiomas in the thoracic spine: A case report and literature review
Authors: Dong Chunke , Liu Yi , Zhu Yuting , Wei Hongyu , Ma Yuzhuo 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundOssified spinal meningioma (OSM) is a rare form of a spinal tumor. The surgical strategies and pathologic findings related to OSM have been investigated in recent years. However, multiple OSMs are rarely reported. Here, we intend to present a rare case of multiple OSMs and review the relevant published literature.Case PresentationA 76-year-old woman experienced a progressive sensorimotor disturbance in her bilateral lower limbs for the past 2 years. She complained of inability to walk, urinary incontinence, and chronic constipation when referred to our hospital. A neurological examination revealed a diminished sensation below the bilateral T7, and her neurological status was Nurick Grade 6. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple intradural-extramedullary neoplasms at the T7–T11 level. Computed tomography (CT) scans showed five high-density masses of varying sizes in the spinal canal at the T7–T12 level. The patient underwent tumor resection through T7–T11 laminectomy. A histopathological examination revealed multiple OSMs.ConclusionWe reported a rare case of multiple OSMs in an elderly patient. After one-stage complete resection, the patient recovered with satisfactory curative effect. Although elderly patients will face various postoperative complications due to their poor physical condition, we still recommend one-stage complete resection of multiple OSMs to reduce recurrence.