bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Biomimetic Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel Models Mass Dormancy in Brain Metastatic Breast Cancer Spheroids
Authors: Kondapaneni Raghu Vamsi , Shevde Lalita A. , Rao Shreyas S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractApproximately 90% of breast cancer related mortalities are due to metastasis to distant organs. At the metastatic sites, cancer cells are capable of evading death by exhibiting cellular or mass dormancy. However, the mechanisms involved in attaining dormancy at the metastatic site are not well understood. This is partly due to the lack of experimental models to study metastatic site‐specific interactions, particularly in the context of brain metastatic breast cancer (BMBC). Herein, an in vitro hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel‐based model is developed to study mass dormancy in BMBC. HA hydrogels with a stiffness of ≈0.4 kPa are utilized to mimic the brain extracellular matrix. MDA‐MB‐231Br or BT474Br3 BMBC spheroids are prepared and cultured on top of HA hydrogels or in suspension for 7 days. HA hydrogel induced a near mass dormant state in spheroids by achieving a balance between proliferating and dead cells. In contrast, these spheroids displayed growth in suspension cultures. The ratio of %p‐ERK to %p‐p38 positive cells is significantly lower in HA hydrogels compared to suspension cultures. Further, it is demonstrated that hydrogel induced mass dormant state is reversible. Overall, such models provide useful tools to study dormancy in BMBC and could be employed for drug screening.
Design Strategies toward High‐Performance Hybrid Carbon Bilayer Anode for Improved Ion Transport and Reaction Stability
Authors: Kim Myoung‐Ho , Oh Minsub , So Hye‐Mi , Hatsey Niguss Haregot , Lee Hoo‐Jeong , Hyun Seungmin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCompositing carbon‐based materials with different properties can significantly improve the energy density of lithium‐ion batteries for applications that require high power, such as electric vehicles, owing to their effective current distribution. Nevertheless, the chemical reaction is not uniform throughout the entire depth of conventionally blended electrodes. This study proposes a hybrid patterned bilayer anode that comprises a blended layer of spherical crystalline graphite (SCG) and soft carbon and a single layer of SCG alone, which maintains a stable ionic reaction at the electrode surface and improves ion transport. This bilayer anode has a smaller, more uniform solid electrolyte interphase layer that is more evenly distributed throughout the electrode compared with the blended electrode. The electrode pattern interfaces, which are optimized by controlling the pattern size, ensure excellent mechanical adhesion and low internal resistance. Consequently, the patterned bilayer half‐cell achieves a high‐capacity retention of 85.9% after 500 charge–discharge cycles at 1 C. The full cell also attains an energy density of 178.7 Wh kg−1 with fast discharging at 10 C, which is 2.3 times higher than that of the single‐layer SCG electrode.
Invasion and Secondary Site Colonization as a Function of In Vitro Primary Tumor Matrix Stiffness: Breast to Bone Metastasis
Authors: Shah Lekha , Latif Ayşe , Williams Kaye J. , Mancuso Elena , Tirella Annalisa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIncreased breast tissue stiffness is correlated with breast cancer risk and invasive cancer progression. However, its role in promoting bone metastasis, a major cause of mortality, is not yet understood. It is previously identified that the composition and stiffness of alginate‐based hydrogels mimicking normal (1–2 kPa) and cancerous (6–10 kPa) breast tissue govern phenotype of breast cancer cells (including MDA‐MB‐231) in vitro. Here, to understand the causal effect of primary tumor stiffness on metastatic potential, a new breast‐to‐bone in vitro model is described. Together with alginate‐gelatin hydrogels to mimic breast tissue, 3D printed biohybrid poly‐caprolactone (PCL)‐composite scaffolds, decellularized following bone‐ECM deposition through Saos‐2 engraftment, are used to mimic the bone tissue. It is reported that higher hydrogel stiffness results in the increased migration and invasion capacity of MDA‐MB 231 cells. Interestingly, increased expression of osteolytic factors PTHrP and IL‐6 is observed when MDA‐MB‐231 cells pre‐conditioned in stiffer hydrogels (10 kPa, 3% w/v gelatin) colonize the bone/PCL scaffolds. The new breast‐to‐bone in vitro models herein described are designed with relevant tissue microenvironmental factors and could emerge as future non‐animal technological platforms for monitoring metastatic processes and therapeutic efficacy.
Selective Formation of Osteogenic and Vasculogenic Tissues for Cartilage Regeneration
Authors: Liu Zeyang , Nan Haochen , Chiou Yi Shiou , Zhan Zhen , Lobie Peter E. , Hu Chengzhi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTissue‐engineered periosteum substitutes (TEPSs) incorporating hierarchical architecture with osteoprogenitor and vascular niches are drawing much attention as a promising tool to support functional cells in defined zones and nourish the cortical bone. Current TEPSs usually lack technologies to closely observe cell performance, especially at the cell contact interface between distinct compartments containing defined biological configurations and functions. Here, an electrodeposition strategy is reported, which enables the selective formation of TEPSs with osteoprogenitor and vascular niches in a multiphasic scaffold in combination with different human cell types for cartilage regeneration in an in vivo osteochondral defect model. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are used to mirror both the vascular and osteogenic niches, respectively. It is observed that the intrinsic viscoelastic nature of the porous solid matrix is essential to successfully induce angiogenesis. Coculture of hMSCs with functional cells (HUVECs/HDFs) in TEPSs also effectively promoted periosteal regeneration, including osteogenic and angiogenic processes. The osteoarthritis cartilage histopathology assessment and histologic/histochemical grading system data indicate that the TEPSs containing hMSCs/HUVECs/HDFs exhibit superior potential for cartilage regeneration.
ECRAM Materials, Devices, Circuits and Architectures: A Perspective
Authors: Talin A. Alec , Li Yiyang , Robinson Donald A. , Fuller Elliot J. , Kumar Suhas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNon‐von‐Neumann computing using neuromorphic systems based on two‐terminal resistive nonvolatile memory elements has emerged as a promising approach, but its full potential has not been realized due to the lack of materials and devices with the appropriate attributes. Unlike memristors, which require large write currents to drive phase transformations or filament growth, electrochemical random access memory (ECRAM) decouples the “write” and “read” operations using a “gate” electrode to tune the conductance state through charge‐transfer reactions, and every electron transferred through the external circuit in ECRAM corresponds to the migration of ≈1 ion used to store analogue information. Like static dopants in traditional semiconductors, electrochemically inserted ions modulate the conductivity by locally perturbing a host's electronic structure; however, ECRAM does so in a dynamic and reversible manner. The resulting change in conductance can span orders of magnitude, from gradual increments needed for analog elements, to large, abrupt changes for dynamically reconfigurable adaptive architectures. In this in‐depth perspective, the history of ECRAM, the recent progress in devices spanning organic, inorganic, and 2D materials, circuits, architectures, the rich portfolio of challenging, fundamental questions, and how ECRAM can be harnessed to realize a new paradigm for low‐power neuromorphic computing are discussed.
Ultralong Lifetime of Plasmon‐Excited Electrons Realized in Nonepitaxial/Epitaxial Au@CdS/CsPbBr3 Triple‐Heteronanocrystals
Authors: Wan Xiaodong , Pan Yue , Xu Yanjun , Liu Jia , Chen Hailong , Pan Rongrong , Zhao Yizhou , Su Peiwu , Li Yuemei , Zhang Xiuming , Zhang Shuping , Li Hongbo , Su Dong , Weng Yuxiang , Zhang Jiatao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCombination of the strong light‐absorbing power of plasmonic metals with the superior charge carrier dynamics of halide perovskites is appealing for bio‐inspired solar‐energy conversion due to the potential to acquire long‐lived plasmon‐induced hot electrons. However, the direct coupling of these two materials, with Au/CsPbBr3 heteronanocrystals (HNCs) as a prototype, results in severe suppression of plasmon resonances. The present work shows that interfacial engineering is a key knob for overcoming this impediment, based on the creation of a CdS mediate layer between Au and CsPbBr3 forming atomically organized Au‐CdS and CdS‐CsPbBr3 interfaces by nonepitaxial/epitaxial combined strategy. Transient spectroscopy studies demonstrate that the resulting Au@CdS/CsPbBr3 HNCs generate remarkably long‐lived plasmon‐induced charge carriers with lifetime up to nanosecond timescale, which is several orders of magnitude longer than those reported for colloidal plasmonic metal‐semiconductor systems. Such long‐lived carriers extracted from plasmonic antennas enable to drive CO2 photoreduction with efficiency outperforming previously reported CsPbBr3‐based photocatalysts. The findings disclose a new paradigm for achieving much elongated time windows to harness the substantial energy of transient plasmons through realization of synergistic coupling of plasmonic metals and halide perovskites.
Synergistic Effect of Cation Composition Engineering of Hybrid Cs1−xFAxPbBr3 Nanocrystals for Self‐Healing Electronics Application
Authors: Liang Fang‐Cheng , Jhuang Fu‐Cheng , Fang Yu‐Han , Benas Jean‐Sebastien , Chen Wei‐Cheng , Yan Zhen‐Li , Lin Wei‐Chun , Su Chun‐Jen , Sato Yuki , Chiba Takayuki , Kido Junji , Kuo Chi‐Ching 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMixed‐cation hybrid perovskite nanocrystal (HPNC) with high crystallinity, color purity, and tunable optical bandgap offers a practical pathway toward next‐generation displays. Herein, a two‐step modified hot‐injection combined with cation compositional engineering and surface treatment to synthesize high‐purity cesium/formamidinium lead bromide HPNCs(Cs1‐xFAxPbBr3) is presented. The optimized Cs0.5FA0.5PbBr3 light‐emitting devices (LEDs) exhibit uniform luminescence of 3500 cd m−2 and a prominent current efficiency of 21.5 cd A−1. As a proof of concept, a self‐healing polymer (SHP) integrated with white LED backlight and laser prototypes exhibited 4 h autonomous self‐healing through the synergistic effect of weak reversible imine bonds and stronger H‐bonds. First, the SHP‐HPNCs‐initial and SHP‐HPNCs‐cut possess high long‐term stability and dramatically suppressed lead leakage as low as 0.6 ppm along with a low leakage rate of 1.11 × 10−5 cm2 and 3.36 × 10−5 cm2 even over 6 months in water. Second, the Cs0.5FA0.5PbBr3 HPNCs and SHP‐induced shattered–repaired perovskite glass substrate show the lowest lasing threshold values of 1.24 and 8.58 µJ cm−2, respectively. This work provides an integrative and in‐depth approach to exploiting SHP with intrinsic and entropic self‐healing capabilities combined with HPNCs to develop robust and reliable soft‐electronic backlight and laser applications.
Metahouse: Noise‐Insulating Chamber Based on Periodic Structures
Authors: Krasikova Mariia , Krasikov Sergey , Melnikov Anton , Baloshin Yuri , Marburg Steffen , Powell David A. , Bogdanov Andrey 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNoise pollution remains a challenging problem requiring the development of novel systems for noise insulation. Extensive work in the field of acoustic metamaterials has led to various ventilated structures which, however, are usually demonstrated for rather narrow regions of the audible spectrum. In this work, the idea of metamaterial‐based systems is further extended, developing the concept of a metahouse chamber representing a ventilated structure for multiple band noise insulation. Broad stop‐bands originate from strong coupling between pairs of Helmholtz resonators constituting the structure. The averaged transmission −18.6 dB are demonstrated numerically and experimentally within the spectral range from 1500 to 16 500 Hz. The sparseness of the structure together with the possibility to use optically transparent materials suggest that the chamber may be also characterized by partial optical transparency depending on the mutual position of structural elements. The obtained results are promising for development of novel noise‐insulating structures advancing urban science.
Self‐Organizing Pixelated Cs4PbBr6 Scintillator Plate for Large‐Area, Ultra‐Flexible, High Spatial Resolution and Stable X‐Ray Imaging
Authors: Peng Guoqiang , An Baoyi , Chen Huanyu , Li Zhizai , Xu Youkui , Wang Qian , Wang Tao , Wang Haoxu , Ding Liming , Jin Zhiwen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNowadays, high performance (stability, spatial resolution, and optical yield) and multi‐functional application (low‐cost, large‐area, and flexible) are urgently needed for X‐ray detectors in national defense and medical treatment et al. Herein, self‐organizing pixelated zero‐dimensional metal halide Cs4PbBr6 based micro‐disks for low‐cost (0.0238 $ cm−2, 1/37 of CsI(Tl)), large‐area and ultra‐flexible scintillator plates are designed, prepared and applied. The theoretical model describes that the micro‐disks‐based structure being separated from others by air can reduce the transverse optical diffusion within the scintillator, especially when the optical boundary of “pixel” surface is changed by metal coating. Meanwhile, such structure also inhibits the stress generation in the crystal when bent. Further characterization points out that the fabricated scintillator plate possesses high spatial resolution (≈15.9 lp mm−1) and light yield (≈19000 ph Me V−1). Especially, the device shows excellent stability and almost no deterioration of spatial resolution after aging in various extreme environments and in extreme bending tests (folding, keeping bending for a long time). Finally, the good suitability to couple with various photoelectric devices and successful imaging demonstrations of nondestructive measurement are exhibited. It is believed that these findings provide a low‐cost and flexible scintillator preparation scheme and demonstrate a pre‐eminent design paradigm.
Interlayer‐Engineering and Surface‐Substituting Manganese‐Based Self‐Evolution for High‐Performance Potassium Cathode
Authors: Caixiang Zhuoma , Hao Jiaxin , Zhou Jiang , Yu Xinzhi , Lu Bingan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractManganese‐based layered oxides cathodes have attracted enormous interest due to their advantages in cost and energy density. The significant challenges of Mn‐based layered oxides for potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) are complex phase transition and Mn dissolution upon K+intercalation/deintercalation. Here, a P3‐type K0.45Rb0.05Mn0.85Mg0.15O2(KRMMO) cathode material is proposed to address the above challenges. The results show that rubidium acts as a pillar to expand interlayer spacing and stabilize the structure, while magnesium partially replaces Mn to suppress the Jahn–Teller distortion of the Mn3+. The KRMMO cathode exhibits high capacity of 108.0 and 77.3 mAh g−1at 20 and 500 mA g−1, respectively, and retains 98.2% of its initial capacity after 200 cycles. Compared with P3‐K0.5MnO2, the capacity fading of P3‐KRMMO is effectively suppressed, which is mainly due to the synergistic contribution of Rb and Mg ions in the alleviation of volume change and suppression of phase transition. This work may open a new avenue for the design and optimization of layered cathode materials for PIBs and beyond.
How do emergency medicine applicants evaluate residency programs in the post–COVID‐19 era?
Authors: Mackey Cassandra , Feldman Jacob , Peng Cynthia , Way David P. , Messman Anne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesPandemic disruptions to interviews and away rotations led applicants to rely on alternative sources of information about residency programs. We sought to compare program characteristics important to emergency medicine (EM)‐bound applicants from before and after the pandemic. We also investigated the sources of information pandemic impacted applicants used during residency recruitment.MethodsThis was a multi‐institutional, cross‐sectional survey of applicants to EM residency programs. We asked applicants about important factors in choosing a program and compared their response to results from 2019 National Residency Match Program. We also asked about alternative information sources used during this time of restricted access to programs of interest.ResultsWe surveyed 414 applicants from 40 medical schools and attained a response rate of 38.4%. Compared to 2019 applicants, our respondents identified morale of residents and quality of faculty as important factors in choosing a residency. Our subjects cited websites of the program and hospital affiliate, current residents, faculty/mentor advice, Reddit, and Doximity as sources of program information.ConclusionsCompared to 2019, our EM‐bound applicants who, because of the pandemic, were unable to visit programs of interest valued resident morale and faculty quality as factors in choosing a residency program. Without in‐person visits, our subjects also had to use both virtual resources (e.g., websites) and traditional sources (e.g., mentor advice) to investigate a program's culture, reputation, and diversity and inclusion. Residency programs should monitor their online presence now that this has become an alternative source of information for applicants during curtailment of in‐person visits.
Evaluation and workup of immunodeficiencies in recurrent acute rhinosinusitis: A scoping review
Authors: Mandava Shreya , Lin Jessica , Joshua Catherine , Payne Spencer C. , Mattos Jose L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrimary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDDs) may be a risk factor for development of recurrent acute rhinosinusitis (RARS). There are currently no clear guidelines for the timing and methodology of PIDD testing in patients with RARS. The aim of this scoping review is to identify and analyze existing literature on this topic.MethodsA scoping review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) guidelines. Articles addressing recurrent acute sinusitis and immunodeficiencies were collected from PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and systematically evaluated for eligibility by two reviewers.ResultsOf the 209 unique articles identified, 11 met criteria for review and analysis. Articles consisted of historical cohort, case‐control, and cross‐sectional studies, in addition to case series and nonsystematic reviews. The majority (10) recommended immunodeficiency testing, consisting of general immunologic screening (3), quantitative immunoglobulins (6), and postvaccination antibody titers (5). There was an emphasis on immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass testing (6). Of the eight articles providing timing recommendations, the majority recommended testing after recurrent infections or diagnosis (6); however, criteria for diagnosis of RARS and populations targeted by recommendations varied greatly by article.ConclusionCurrent literature on RARS emphasizes immunoglobulin quantification and postvaccination antibody titers to evaluate for PIDD after diagnosis, but recommendations are limited by wide‐ranging populations of interest and inconsistent definitions. This scoping review identified a lack of evidence‐based articles specific to diagnostic workup for PIDD in patients with RARS, and additional research with standardized definitions and focus on RARS is necessary to guide clinical practice.
Protein‐Inspired Polymers with Metal‐Site‐Regulated Ordered Conformations
Authors: Liu Hang , Zhou Yeqiang , Liu Yang , Wang Zuojie , Zheng Yi , Peng Chuan , Tian Meng , Zhang Qin , Li Jianshu , Tan Hong , Fu Qiang , Ding Mingming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMetal ions play critical roles in facilitating peptide folding and inducing conformational transitions, thereby impacting on the biological activity of many proteins. However, the effect of metal sites on the hierarchical structures of biopolymers is still poorly understood. Herein, inspired by metalloproteins, we report an order‐to‐order conformational regulation in synthetic polymers mediated by a variety of metal ions. The copolymers are decorated with clinically available desferrioxamine (DFO) as an exogenous ligand template, which presents a geometric constraint toward peptide backbone via short‐range hydrogen bonding interactions, thus dramatically altering the secondary conformations and self‐assembly behaviors of polypeptides and allowing for a controllable β‐sheet to α‐helix transition modulated by metal–ligand interactions. These metallopolymers could form ferritin‐inspired hierarchical structures with high stability and membrane activity for efficient brain delivery across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and long‐lasting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in vivo.
Hierarchical Integration of Organic Core/Shell Microwires for Advanced Photonics
Authors: Lin Hong‐Tao , Ma Ying‐Xin , Chen Song , Wang Xue‐Dong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe combination of multiple components or structures into integrated micro/nanostructures for practical application has been pursued for many years. Herein, a series of hierarchical organic microwires with branch, core/shell (C/S), and branch C/S structures are successfully constructed based on organic charge transfer (CT) cocrystals with structural similarity and physicochemical tunability. By regulating the intermolecular CT interaction, single microwires and branch microstructures can be integrated into the C/S and branch C/S structures, respectively. Significantly, the integrated branch C/S microwires, with multicolor waveguide behavior and branch structure multichannel waveguide output characteristics, can function as an optical logic gate with multiple encoding features. This work provides useful insights for creating completely new types of organic microstructures for integrated optoelectronics.
A dynamic supercritical carbon dioxide foaming method for fabricating wrinkled surface to enhance triboelectric nanogenerator performance
Authors: Li Jun , Zhang Miaomiao , Ni Gaolei , Mi Hao‐Yang , Dong BinBin , Liu Chuntai , Shen Changyu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a promising energy harvester to overcome the energy depletion issue. The surface structure has been considered as an effective way to enhance the triboelectric performance. Herein, a dynamic supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) foaming method, which introduced a scCO2 flow field during scCO2 saturation, was proposed to fabricate thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) foams with surface wrinkly structures. The size of the surface wrinkles could be regulated in the range of 1.8–10 μm by varying the foaming pressure. The surface wrinkled TPU film with wrinkle wave length of 2.4 μm demonstrated an excellent enhancement in output voltage (130%), current (180%), and maximum transfer charge (130%) when paired with surface structured polydimethylsiloxane film in a TENG. Due to the excellent durability and flexibility of the composing materials, the developed TENG showed outstanding stability in long‐term continuous operation. With a high power density of 0.5 W/m2 achieved on a 107 Ω external load, the flexible TENG could be used to charge capacitors, power light‐emitting‐diodes, and served as a self‐powered sensor to detect various human movement behaviors. This work provides a new path for the fabrication of surface wrinkled films for the sustainable development of high performance TENGs.