bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Tertiary Review on Blockchain and Sustainability with Focus on Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Jiang Shanshan , Jakobsen Kine , Bueie Jonas , Li Jingyue , Haro Peter Halland 
Published: November 2022

<p> Blockchain as a disruptive technology and a driver for social change has exhibited great potential to promote sustainable practices and help organizations and governments achieve the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Literature reviews on blockchain and sustainability exist, but they often focus only on topics related to one or a few SDGs. There is a need to consolidate existing results in terms of SDGs and provide a comprehensive overview of the impacts that blockchain technology may have on each SDG. This paper intends to bridge this gap, presenting a tertiary review based on 34 existing literature reviews, to investigate the relationship between blockchain and sustainability in light of SDGs. The method used is a consensus-based expert elicitation with thematic analysis. The findings include a novel and comprehensive mapping of impact-based interlinkage of blockchain and SDGs and a systematic overview of drivers and barriers to adopting blockchain for sustainability. The findings reveal that blockchain can have a positive impact on all 17 SDGs through technological innovations though some negative effects can occur and impede the achievement of certain objectives. 73 positive and 10 negative linkages between blockchain adoption and the 17 SDGs as well as 45 factors that drive or hinder blockchain adoption for the achievement of SDGs have been identified. Research gaps to overcome the barriers and enhance blockchain’s positive impacts have also been identified. The findings may help managers in evaluating the applicability and tradeoffs and policymakers in making supportive measures to facilitate sustainability using blockchain. </p>
Implementing a Diabetic Algorithm for Ophthalmology Surgery Patients: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Sandhu Simrenjeet , Virani Aleena , Salmonson Hilary , Damji Karim , Mathura Pamela , Al-Agha Rany 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The objective of this quality improvement, interventional study regarding patients with diabetes undergoing diabetic ophthalmology outpatient surgery aimed to develop, implement, and evaluate a new diabetic algorithm to improve safety, operating room efficiency, and decrease supply cost.

Methods
A multidisciplinary study team was assembled, including ophthalmologists, endocrinologists, anesthesiologists, management, and nurses to review the current diabetic protocol. From August 2016 to July 2017, 13 patient safety concerns or incident reports were reviewed that identified two serious cases of hypoglycemia. Using the concerns data, frontline perspectives, and reviewing best practice guidelines, a new diabetic algorithm was developed and trialed for 24 months. The new algorithm limited the use of an existing preoperative insulin protocol and reduced the number of nurses required. The number of adverse events, nursing setup process steps, setup time, and preoperative insulin infusion protocols used were collected. An evaluation of the supply costs was performed.

Results
After implementing the new diabetic algorithm, zero safety incidents were reported, and a 97.5% reduction in the use of preoperative insulin protocol resulted. Nursing staff perceived that the new diabetic algorithm was easier to configure, 23 minutes faster to set up, and required one nursing staff member. Supply cost was reduced by $30.63 (Canadian Dollars, CAD) per patient.

Conclusion
Perioperative glucose irregularities may threaten patient safety and surgical outcomes. Healthcare professionals must improve patient safety, decrease healthcare expenditure, and prevent unnecessary delays. Multidisciplinary frontline staff experiential knowledge aided in the recognition of potential problems and comprehensive solutions to optimize patient care.
UPAYA HUKUM YANG DITEMPUH OLEH PEKERJA APABILA TERJADI PEMUTUSAN HUBUNGAN KERJA MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 13 TAHUN 2003 TENTANG KETENAGAKERJAAN
Authors: Ni Made Trisna Dewi  
Published: November 2022

Perselisihan adalah hal yang sangat umum dalam kehidupan manusia. Begitu pula perselisihan perburuhan di dalam setiap perusahaan selalu terkait dengan hubungan antara pengusaha dengan pekerja. Antara majikan dan pekerja ada hubungan kerja. Dalam hal pemutusan hubungan kerja (PHK) sudah barang tentu kita akan berpijak pada Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan. Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan diatur mengenai pemutusan hubungan kerja yang terjadi di badan usaha yang berbadan hukum atau tidak, milik orang perseorangan, milik persekutuan atau milik badan hukum, baik milik swasta maupun milik negara, maupun usaha- usaha sosial dan usaha- usaha lain yang mempunyai pengurus dan mempekerjakan orang lain dengan membayar upah atau imbalan dalam bentuk lain. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pengusaha dapat melakukan Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja sejauh terjadinya kesalahan-kesalahan ataupun sebab lain yang mengakibatkan terjadinya perselisihan atau ketidakcocokan antara kedua belah pihak yang biasanya sering berakhir dengan terjadinya Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja (PHK). Upaya hukum yang dilakukan oleh pekerja apabila pemutusan hubungan kerja dilakukan secara sepihak yaitu dengan menemui pengusaha dan mengadakan perundingan atau musyawarah secara Bipartite, karena setiap rencana atau kehendak Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja (PHK) harus dirundingkan terlebih dahulu antara kedua belah pihak. Dan apabila tidak dapat diselesaikan melalui cara mediasi sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku, maka masalah tersebut perlu segera diajukan oleh mediator kepada Lembaga konsiliasi untuk pemutusan hubungan kerja perseorangan dan / atau untuk pemutusan hubungan kerja besar-besaran sesuai dengan Undang-Undang No. 2 Tahun 2004 tentang Penyelesaian Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial.
The Impact of Covid-19 on Orthopaedic Surgery in Regional Covid-19 Referral Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Limena Shianita , Kesuma Anak Agung Ngurah Ronny , Saputra I Komang Agus Krisna 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic has been a profound phenomenon affecting the entire world, primarily healthcare systems. Since the first Covid-19 case in Indonesia around March 2020, the healthcare systems and public regulations have been constantly readjusted. In our centre, the pandemic has also had major effects on the orthopaedic and trauma services. This study aims to evaluate the impact of Covid-19 on orthopaedic surgery in Wangaya General Hospital.
Method: A cross-sectional study is done retrospectively through medical records among patients underwent orthopaedic surgery from March 2019 to 2021. Pre-Covid control group (March 2019-2020) is compared to Covid case group (March 2020-2021). The parameter of study includes: patient’s demographics, orthopaedic diagnosis, anatomical location, orthopaedic surgery, and type of surgery. T test and chi square test is used for data analysis.
Result: Out of the total 916 cases, the number of orthopaedic surgeries is decreased by 42,61% (582 vs. 334 cases; 48,5±10,11 vs. 27,83±4,89 cases/month) on the first year of pandemic. The number of emergency surgeries has escalated significantly with inverted proportion to elective surgeries, such as arthroplasties, implant and benign tumor removal. Polytrauma, lacerations and tendon rupture case has been increased considerably requiring immediate surgical treatment.
Conclusion: In response to the pandemic, the objective is to restore high quality healthcare systems by reconstructing newly updated strategies for patient management plan and public regulations during the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic.
Management of retinoblastoma in children in Madagascar
Authors: Randrianarisoa Hoby Lalaina , Rakotoarisoa RTR , Miray LG , Rakotomahefa Narison ML , Raobela L 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular tumor in child. The treatment is well codified combining chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy and conservative treatment. It involves both the visual and vital prognosis. The aim of this study was to describe epidemiological aspect of retinoblastoma and evaluate therapeutic aspects and evolution of retinoblastoma in Madagascar.
Method: We report in this retrospective study 52 cases found during 5 years, from January 2010 to December 2015. We have collected information about epidemiological and clinical aspect. Delay of diagnosis, treatment done in children and evolution. Data was collected with excel software and analysis was done with Epi info 7.0 software. The quantitative variables were expressed as an average and the qualitative variables as a proportion and percentage.
Result: We had collected 52 cases. The incidence was 10.4 cases per year. Mean age was 3 years, with no gender predominance. More than half or 53.8% (n=28) of children presented minor signs: including leucocoria in 25 children and strabismus in 3 children. Exophthalmos was found in 46.5% (n=24) of cases. Exophthalmia and leukocoria were associated in 6 (10%) children. The delay time before diagnosis was 11 months and 2 days. 39 pieces were sent for examination. Result of Anatomo-pathological study was: 51% (n=20) was undifferentiated retinoblastoma, 36% (n=14) differentiated retinoblastoma, 13% diffused retinoblastoma (n=5) Optic nerve was affected in 7.69% of cases (n=3). Before diagnosis, 55.8% (n=29) of our patients received non-specialized medical treatment and 44.2% (n=23) used traditional treatment. Four patients had primitive enucleation without first chemotherapy. Nine children or 18.75% didn’t have surgical treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was done in 92.3% (n = 48). 39 patients had first chemotherapy before enucleation. Only 58% of children have received adjuvant chemotherapy. The evolution was marked by 27% (n = 14) of remission, 21% (n = 11) of death and 8% (n = 4) of recurrence. Twenty-three patients (44%) were lost to follow-up.
Conclusion: Diagnosis of retinoblastoma was made in advanced stage. Number of lost to follow-up were high. Treatment consist in chemotherapy and enucleation. Prognosis was worse in Madagascar. Communication with parents, medical personal must recommended to reduce number of children lost to follow-up.
Kepemimpinan Walikota dalam Mewujudkan Visi Pembangunan Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 86 Tahun 2017 di Kota Sibolga Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: T.W.M Helen , Simangunsong Fernandes 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kepemimpinan walikota dalam mewujudkan visi pembangunan berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 86 tahun 2017, untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat kepemimpinan walikota dalam mewujudkan visi pembangunan berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 86 tahun 2017, dan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis upaya untuk mengatasi faktor penghambat kepemimpinan walikota dalam mewujudkan visi pembangunan berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 86 tahun 2017 di Kota Sibolga Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Teori yang digunakan yaitu teori kepemimpinan Ralp M Stogdil dalam Aries Djaenuri (2015:11). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan Induktif. Informan dalam penelitian ini ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling yaitu Walikota Sibolga, Sekertaris Daerah Kota Sibolga, Wakil Ketua Komisi tiga DPRD Kota Sibolga, Kepala BAPPEDA Kota Sibolga, Kepala Bidang penelitian dan pengembangan BAPPEDA Kota Sibolga, Tokoh Masyarakat, Tokoh Agama, Tokoh Pendidikan, Tokoh Perempuan dan Tokoh Pemuda. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil Penelitian yaitu Kepemimpinan Walikota dalam mewujudkan visi pembangunan Kota Sibolga sudah banyak melakukan perubahan melalui pelaksanaan program dan mencapai sasaran pembangunan, namun masih ditemukan para pegawai dan masyarakat yang tidak disiplin dan tidak berpartisipasi dalam pelaksanaan program pembangunan. Faktor pendukung yaitu Komunikasi antar walikota dengan OPD dan Masyarakat, Kemampuan, dukungan Politik, dan Potensi Daerah Kota Sibolga. Faktor penghambat yaitu Keterbatasan Anggaran, rendahnya SDM masyarakat, dan luas Wilayah Kota Sibolga Yang Sempit. Upaya yang dilakukan yaitu Meningkatkan Koordinasi dan transparansi, Melakukan pembinaan dan pengawasan, Menjalin Kerjasama serta memanfaatkan teknologi informasi. Saran dari penulis yaitu Walikota bersama OPD meningkatkan kinerja, dilakukannya perbaikan dan peningkatan terhadap indikator yang belum terpenuhi.
Microbial and Physiochemical Analysis of Water From Semenggok Inland Fishery Centre, Kuching, Sarawak
Authors: Xin Ya Loke , Lihan Samuel , Kui Soon Lee 
Published: November 2022

Water quality is emphasized by the aquaculture sector as it affects the health and growth performance of aquaculture species. However, due to the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia, various sectors including aquaculture sector, have been instructed to shut down as a lockdown alternative to control the spread of the disease. The total lockdown has made impossible to give proper management to the aquaculture ponds and indirectly led to the high mortality of aquaculture organisms. High mortality has led to rapid microbial growth, which affected the water quality and the balance in the aquaculture system.
The objective of this project was to examine the water quality of selected ponds at Semenggok Inland Fishery Centre via physiochemical and microbial analysis. This project also aimed to determine and identify the bacteria population in examined water samples. Lastly, this project sought to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of identified isolates.
In this study, the characteristics of aquaculture environmental samples were determined. Water and soil samples were collected from three randomly selected ponds in the Semenggok Inland Fishery Centre, Kuching, Sarawak and the physiochemical and biological parameters were analysed. Bacteria were isolated from both water and soil samples and then characterised. Boiling-centrifugation method with modifications were used for DNA extraction of the bacteria [1,2]. (GTG)5-PCR was utilized to screen for clonal diversity among the isolates. A dendrogram was constructed using GelJ 1.0 software from the banding profile of (GTG)5-PCR products [3]. Out of all the isolates analysed, 11 representative isolates were selected for 16S rRNA sequencing based on the grouping from the dendrogram. The 11 isolates were identified as Brevundimonas sp., Staphylococcus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Escherichia sp., Ralstonia sp., and Exiguobacterium sp. (Table 1).
The isolates were tested for antibiotic resistance using the disc diffusion method. Most of the isolates tested were resistant to ampicillin (10 μg), penicillin (10 μg), and streptomycin (10 μg). The MAR index of isolates were calculated, ranged from 0.143 to 0.714, indicating high possibility of culturing fish in the contaminated water. This study revealed the risk of presence of multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) bacteria in the fishery centre. Therefore, the fishery centre should improve the aquaculture system by constantly monitoring and also provide a proper management to the wastewater to minimise the distribution of MAR bacteria
In-vitro Antibacterial Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Melaleuca cajaputi Flower Extracts
Authors: Musa Isah , Wan-Nor-Amilah Wan Abdul Wahab , Abdullah Hasmah , Sul’ain Mohd Dasuki , Jamil Shajarahtunnur , Wan Ishak Wan Rosli 
Published: November 2022

The spread of drug-resistant pathogens worldwide has spurred experts' interest in drug discovery. Medicinal plants are an essential source of antimicrobial agents to cure various human ailments. Even though several plants have been examined for antimicrobial compounds, the search for better and safer drugs to combat microbial resistance continues. The leaves and essential oils of Melaleuca cajuputi have been the subject of many investigations on the plant's bioactivity. Even though flowers from various plants are medicinally useful, there have been few studies on the antibacterial properties of M. cajuputi flower extracts. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of M. cajuputi flower extracts against some pathogenic bacteria and phytochemical screening of the most potent extract.

cajuputi flower aqueous and ethanolic extracts were obtained by cold maceration, then reconstituted in 10% DMSO. The antibacterial study was carried out using broth microdilution assay to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Phytochemical screening of the most potent extract was performed using UV-Visible spectrophotometry (UV-VIS) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

The percentage yields of the flower extracts in aqueous and ethanol were 11.02% and 8.8%, respectively. Both extracts were found to have bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae (MBC/MIC ratio of less than 4). Ethanol extract demonstrated the lowest MIC and MBC values (Table 1) against all the tested bacterial species except for the E. coli with MIC >4 mg/mL. The UV-Visible spectrum of ethanol extract showed peaks at 368, 412, 535, 606, and 665 nm and respective absorbances of 2.510, 2.902, 0.429, 0.324, and 1.095 Au, which indicated the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds [1]. The FTIR spectra detected the presence of alcohols, hydrocarbons, conjugated aldehyde, phenol, sulfoxide, nitro, and halo compounds in M. cajuputi flower ethanolic extract.
In conclusion, the flower extracts of M. cajuputi have antibacterial properties, and their potential biological activities should be further investigated in future studies.
The Rampancy of Multiple- Drug Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Surface Water of Satow Waterfall, Bau Sarawak
Authors: Mohammad Hamdi Khairunnisa , Lihan Samuel 
Published: November 2022

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is universally acknowledged as a serious threat to human health, well-being, and prosperity. Many therapeutically important antibiotic resistance genes are thought to have arisen in the environment. Antibiotics are no longer effective in treating infections caused by multi-and pan-resistant bacteria (dubbed "superbugs") that have spread rapidly around the world [1]. Furthermore, AMR bacteria and antimicrobial resistant genes can thrive and proliferate in natural waterbodies because they can act as both recipients and natural reservoirs for the bacteria and genes. Toxic exposure to AMR bacteria and ARGs puts recreationists in danger, reducing their ability to combat illnesses.

Considering Satow Waterfall, Bau is a renowned water-based recreational destination, an assessment of their physiochemical water quality characteristics and the prevalence of AMR bacteria was conducted to corroborate the safety of the water. A total of nine water samples were collected at the surface water (0–30 cm depth) of the upstream, midstream, and downstream. The water quality index (WQI) of the sampling stations ranged from 92.60 to 95, classifying the water under Class I. However, the water is microbiologically polluted. During Trip 2, the highest level of coliform was found in the middle stream at 2.59x105 cfu/mL, which is above the regulatory standard set by the Malaysian Department of Environment (DOE).

A total of 100 isolated bacteria were subjected to (GTG)5- genomic fingerprinting analysis to evaluate the degree of genetic similarity among the samples and thus enable the selection of appropriate clonal representatives. Fifty-four bacterial isolates were chosen as representatives and identified by 16SrDNA sequencing, which confirmed the existence of 21 bacterial genera as shown in Figure 1. All identified isolates were tested against 15 antibiotics of various classes, namely, streptomycin (S), Kanamycin (K), cefotaxime (CTX), cephalothin (KF), tetracycline (TE), doxycycline (DO), carbenicillin (CAR), sulfamethoxazole (SXT), ofloxacin (OFX), levofloxacin (LEV), erythromycin (E), meropenem (MEM), ertapenem (ETP), vancomycin (VA) and chloramphenicol (C) employing the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) protocols.

The antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) demonstrated substantial resistance to SXT (41%), E (41%) and CAR (39%), as well as high susceptibility to C (85%), followed by LEV (78%) and OFX (72%). The Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Index (MARI) evaluation demonstrated the MARI varied from 0–0.60, with 33% of the isolates having a MARI greater than 0.20 (Figure 1).
In this study, we found that the occurrence of MAR bacteria in water environment where there's an undisclosed source of antibiotic utilisation is still inevitable, highlighting the necessity to constantly monitor the water quality and the pervasiveness of MAR bacteria in recreational water.
The Relationship between Dietary Intake and Cognitive Performance Before and During Ramadan Fasting among Healthy Adult Population in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu
Authors: Tuan Omar Tuan Norlis Dalisa , Che Taha Che Suhaili 
Published: November 2022

Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, during which healthy adolescents and adult Muslims fast from dawn to dusk for a month. During Ramadan fasting, dietary intake and cognitive performance changes can be seen related to many factors. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the comparison between dietary intake and cognitive performance among healthy adult populations in Kuala Nerus before and during Ramadan fasting and the possible correlation between these parameters.

This study was conducted among a healthy adult population in Kuala Terengganu and mainly at University Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA). Socio-demographics data, dietary data, and cognitive assessment were measured. Energy and macronutrient intakes were measured by using a three-day food record while cognitive performance was measured by using Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT) and Trail-Making Test (TMT) through a face-to- face activity-based survey. All the measurements were taken in the two-time interval which is before Ramadan fasting (one to two weeks prior to Ramadan month) and during Ramadan fasting (week two to four of Ramadan Month)

A total of 113 participants with a mean age of 23.1 ± 4.9 years old were recruited in this cross-sectional study consisting of 23 males (20.4%) and 90 females (79.6%). The majority of the participants were Malay (97.3%), and still single (92.9%). Most of the participants also still pursuing their degrees (92%) and has no income (92%). Almost all of the participants were non-smokers (99.1%).

The dietary data shows that the energy intake was significantly reduced during Ramadan by 293.8 kcal compared to before Ramadan (p<0.001). Regarding macronutrients, a significant reduction in carbohydrates, protein, and fat was reported, p=0.003, p=0.011, and p<0.001 respectively. Next, the results of cognitive performances varied according to Stroop congruent and incongruent test; and Trail Making Test A and B. Stroop Congruent Test (word test) showed that the reaction time was significantly higher before Ramadan compared to during Ramadan (p<0.001), meanwhile the reaction time for Trail-making Test A and B showed that there were significantly lower before Ramadan compared to during Ramadan (p<0.001). But there were no significant differences in others' tests. In addition, the result for correlation showed that the reaction time for Trail Making B was significantly negatively correlated with energy intake (p=0.002) and protein intake (p=0.007) while positively correlated with fat intake (p=0.004).
In conclusion, according to the results, most participants reported a decrease in their dietary intake during Ramadan, similar to what was observed in cognitive performance, with most participants reporting a slower reaction time during Ramadan. Hence, the consumption of sufficient energy is critical for good cognitive performance because diet can influence cognitive abilities.