bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Pelvic Fixation a Risk Factor for Pelvic Incidence Change After Surgery for Adult Spinal Deformity? A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Daher Mohammad , Roussouly Pierre , Aoun Marven , Kreichati Gaby , Kharrat Khalil , Sebaaly Amer 
Published: February 2025

Study Design.
Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data

Objective.
This study will evaluate whether the presence of pelvic fusion can affect this PI modification.

Background.
In Adult spinal deformity (ASD), restoring sagittal spinal alignment can positively modify the quality of life in patients post-operatively. Restoring this alignment is based on the measurement of the pelvic incidence (PI) which was postulated to be a constant value specific to each person. However, the literature has recently shown that this pelvic parameter can change after ASD surgery.

Methods.
This is a retrospective multicenter study of 290 patients who have undergone ASD surgery between 2012 and 2022. These patients were divided into two groups, group A who received pelvic fusion, and group B who did not. Post-operative PI change was defined by an absolute difference of ≥ 6° between pre- and post-operative values. Furthermore, patients were divided into 3 groups pre-operatively based on their PI: low (<40°), medium (40°-60°), and high (>60°).

Results.
Of the patients in group A, 80.0% had a change in PI compared to 12.8% in group B (Odds-Ratio=27.2 [13.8; 53.5], P<.001). Furthermore, this change occurred more frequently in males when compared to females (P=0.02). In addition, a logistic regression model controlling for gender, pre-operative PI groups, the change in lumbar lordosis and sacral slope, and pelvic fixation showed that only the latter predicted the post-operative change in PI with an adjusted odd-ratio of 26.3.

Conclusion.
In our cohort, 32.1% of the patients operated for ASD had a post-operative change of PI of ≥ 6° which was well within the reported range in the literature. Moreover, pelvic fusion was found to be the only independent risk factor for PI change with an adjusted OR of 26.3.
The in-vitro performance of a modern portable respirator in different lung models and as an alternative intensive care respirator
Authors: Schneider Celine Josianne , Both Christian Peter , Fries Daniel , Wendel-Garcia Pedro David , Buehler Philipp Karl , Grass Beate , Cannizzaro Vincenzo , Escher Christian , Schmitz Achim , Thomas Jörg 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Transporting ventilated patients safely and without loss of efficacy is a challenge. Portable ventilators are generally used to transport critically ill patients, but their performance is often limited.

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to compare the in-vitro performance of a modern portable respirator with a modern intensive care respirator for different lung settings.

DESIGN
An in-vitro testing of a portable and an intensive care respirator.

SETTINGS
Anaesthesia Department at the University Children's Hospital Zurich.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The portable respirator Hamilton T1 was compared with the established intensive care respirator bellavista1000 (BV) while applying different settings with the ASL 5000 (ASL) device. The ASL can simulate neonatal, paediatric, and adult lung settings with normal or impaired lung function. Accuracy of delivered tidal volumes, proximal and distal airway pressures and mechanical lung properties were assessed.

RESULTS
Bland-Altman analyses showed higher accuracy for applied tidal volumes delivered by the portable respirator, 12.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) −8.9 to 34.2], compared with the intensive care respirator, 15.9% (95% CI −18.5 to 50.3). In neonatal and infant lung models particularly, the accuracy of delivered tidal volumes by the portable respirator, 13.2% (95% CI −8.9 to 35.3) was superior to those delivered by the intensive care respirator, 20.9% (95%CI −15.9 to 57.7). Lung compliance estimation was performed more accurately by the intensive care respirator, whereas the portable respirator measured airway resistance more accurately. However, both respirators showed only moderate overall accuracy when assessing lung mechanics.

CONCLUSION
The tested portable respirator proved to be a useful device for invasive ventilation of critically ill patients. The overall performance is non-inferior to a conventional intensive care respirator.
Combined Intravitreal Aflibercept and Anti-inflammatory Oral Supplementation in the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema: Two-Year Randomized Controlled Trial Results
Authors: Marolo Paola , Volti Giovanni Li , Nicolosi Anna , Avitabile Teresio , Longo Antonio , Fallico Matteo , Russo Andrea , Borrelli Enrico , Parisi Guglielmo , Toro Mario Damiano , de Sanctis Ugo , Motta Lorenzo , Reibaldi Michele 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
To compare intravitreal aflibercept alone versus aflibercept combined with oral anti-inflammatory supplementation in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods:
A prospective, randomized study included 134 treatment-naive eyes with central-involving DME. Participants were assigned to receive either intravitreal aflibercept (Group A) or aflibercept with oral Lenidase® supplementation (Group B, containing baicalin, bromelain, and escin). Both groups followed a treat-and-extend (T&E) regimen. The primary outcome was the number of injections over 24 months. Secondary outcomes included changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and safety assessments.

Results:
At 24 months, Group A required a mean of 14.34 ± 0.51 injections, while Group B required 12.96 ± 0.44 (P < 0.0001). Both groups showed significant improvement in BCVA: from 0.62 ± 0.12 logMAR (20/83 Snellen) to 0.43 ± 0.13 logMAR (20/54 Snellen) in Group A and from 0.64 ± 0.13 logMAR (20/87 Snellen) to 0.42 ± 0.15 logMAR (20/53 Snellen) in Group B (P < 0.0001 for both). CMT also significantly decreased in both groups (P < 0.0001). No significant differences were found between the groups for vision improvement (P=0.918) or CMT reduction (P=0.777). No ocular complications were reported.

Conclusions:
Oral supplementation with Lenidase® showed similar efficacy to aflibercept monotherapy in DME, with fewer injections, potentially reducing treatment burden.
Prevention and management of postcataract cystoid macular edema
Authors: Paruchuri Satya S. , Mahmoudzadeh Raziyeh , Wheeler Sydney , Randolph Jessica 
Published: February 2025

Purpose of review
This review highlights treatment options, both under investigation and currently available, for treating postcataract macular edema. An update on current clinical studies for postcataract macular edema has been summarized.

Recent findings
Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) is a common complication of cataract surgery leading to decreased visual acuity due to inflammation promoting vascular permeability and macular edema. There is no gold standard protocol for treatment with physicians choosing topical NSAIDs and corticosteroids most commonly. Recent developments in a therapeutic approach to PCME include improved delivery methods via implantation and improved drugs and combinational therapies.

Summary
While PCME treatments are poorly studied due to their common sudden resolution without medical intervention, chronic PCME is debilitating for patients. Clinical studies show hope for improved drug delivery methods, practices to prevent potential PCME, and improved therapeutics.
Long-term stability of an artificial iris and intraocular lens complex fixated through the Yamane technique in traumatic aniridia and aphakia
Authors: Lam Brandon Chau , Das Prerna , Madaik Harsh , Khalaf Hamzah , Waldman Corey 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Traumatic aniridia and aphakia can be difficult to manage surgically. In this study, we describe a case managed with scleral fixation with flanged intraocular lens (IOL) haptics (Yamane technique) in combination with an artificial iris in a case of traumatic aniridia and aphakia with demonstration of long-term stability.

Patient and Clinical Findings:
A 68-year-old woman with a history of traumatic aniridia and aphakia complicated by glaucoma with Ahmed tube shunt placement presented with significant photophobia and poor tolerance to vision correction through contact lens or spectacles.

Diagnosis, Intervention, and Outcomes:
The patient underwent implantation of an artificial iris and IOL lens complex scleral fixated through the Yamane technique with improved postoperative function and aesthetics that remained stable for 4 years with the eventual development of corneal decompensation from declining endothelial cell count secondary to trauma, multiple surgeries, and the existing tube shunt.

Conclusions:
Artificial iris and IOL complex scleral fixation can be implanted through the Yamane technique with excellent structural stability and improved visual function in traumatic aniridia and aphakia; however, these cases can eventually result in corneal endothelial decompensation long-term.
Age-Specific Relationship between Prolonged Sedentary Time and Low Handgrip Strength: Stronger Impact Among Young Korean Workers (KNHANES 2016-2019)
Authors: Yang Junsu , Lee Wanhyung 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
This study examined the relationship between sedentary time and handgrip strength with age-group stratification.

Methods
This study used 11,295 Korean workers. Participants were divided into two age groups: ≤39 and ≥ 40 years. Handgrip strength was measured, and sedentary time was self-reported. Multiple logistic and linear regression models were used to examine the association between sedentary time and handgrip strength.

Results
Those with ≥6 hours of daily sedentary time had slightly higher odds of low handgrip strength, though not significant overall (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.95-1.26). However, younger adults with high sedentary time showed significantly higher odds (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.13-2.12). Linear regression also indicated a stronger negative association in younger adults.

Conclusions
Interventions to reduce sedentary time could help maintain muscle strength, especially in younger populations.
Association of Menstrual-related Symptoms and Presenteeism: A Cross-sectional Study of Working Women in Japan
Authors: Koh Sumire , Okawara Makoto , Hirashima Keiki , Kuwazuru Tomoichiro , Yamashita Satoshi , Ohkubo Naoaki , Tateishi Seiichiro , Fujino Yoshihisa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to examine the association between menstruation-related symptoms and presenteeism.

Methods
The study was conducted under a cross-sectional design using an Internet survey of working women from December 7 to 18, 2023. The analysis included 3332 working women with menstruation. Questions listing specific symptoms were used to identify menstrual symptoms. The Work Functioning Impairment Scale (WFun) was used to measure presenteeism. Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was performed with presenteeism as the dependent variable and each menstrual symptom as the independent variable.

Results
Prevalence ratio for presenteeism increased with increasing symptom severity for each menstrual symptom on both age-adjusted and multivariable analysis (all p-values for trend <0.001).

Conclusions
This study found that the greater the severity of menstrual symptoms, the higher the level of presenteeism.
Return to Work and Cost Implications of Physical Therapy in Conjunction with Rotator Cuff Repair in the Treatment of Work-Related Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Bernacki Edward J. , Tsourmas Nicholas F. , Hunt Dan L. , Kalia Nimisha , Leung Nina , Yuspeh Larry , Green-McKenzie Judith , Kauffman Paul , Tao Xuguang (Grant) 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
Assess the utilization and costs of physical therapy (PT) and rotator cuff repair (RCR) in the treatment of work-related rotator cuff tears (RCT).

Methods
8,814 lost-time RCT claims filed to a nationwide workers’ compensation insurance carrier from 2007 to 2022 were investigated.

Results
89.1% of claimants with RCTs received both PT and RCR, 8.6% received PT only, and 2.0% had only an RCR. PT accounted for 19.9% of medical costs on average. RCT claimants, who had RCR without PT and no PT or RCR, had the shortest times out from work. Increasing amounts of PT treatment was associated with longer lost time and higher claim costs.

Conclusion
The addition of PT to RCR is associated with increasing time off work and claim costs proportionate to the duration of PT rendered.
The effect of ketamine-assisted group therapy on treatment-resistant mental health conditions in firefighters: a prospective observational case series
Authors: Tsang Vivian WL , Lin Michelle CQ , Choles Cassandra M , Kryskow Pamela 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
Firefighters display elevated risk for diagnoses of mental health illnesses. Psychedelic-assisted therapies show promise in the treatment of clinically challenging conditions. This observational case series analyzed data from firefighters with mental health diagnoses who participated in a 12-week ketamine-assisted group therapy treatment plan.

Methods
Questionnaire scores (GAD-7; PHQ-9; PCL-5; B-IPF) collected throughout the program were scored and statistically analyzed for changes. Qualitative data were analyzed through thematic analysis.

Results
Significant decreases with large effect sizes were detected in GAD-7 and PCL-5 scores post-completion in the 12-week treatment plan, which persisted 6 months later. Participants noted it was beneficial being in a cohort with fellow firefighters.

Conclusions
Statistically and clinically significant improvements to PTSD and anxiety diagnoses were detected in the cohort of firefighters after the RTT-KAT program, with results retained six months post treatment.
Endoscopic and histological assessment in first-degree relatives of gastric cancer patients undergoing gastroscopy: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ligato Irene , Dilaghi Emanuele , Cozza Giulio , Scalamonti Silvia , Pilozzi Emanuela , Panzuto Francesco , Lahner Edith , Esposito Gianluca 
Published: February 2025

Background
First-degree relatives of gastric cancer (GC) patients are known to have an increased risk of developing GC. However, guidelines in low-intermediate incidence regions often lack specific recommendations for managing both asymptomatic and symptomatic relatives at risk.

Aim
This study aimed to evaluate the differences in relevant histological findings (e.g. Helicobacter pylori infection, gastric precancerous and neoplastic conditions) between asymptomatic patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy due to first-degree relatives with GC and patients with symptoms or other clinical indications and presence of first-degree relatives with GC. The secondary aim was to identify the patient’s risk factors of relevant histological findings.

Methods
This single-center retrospective study included patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsies with the indication for first-degree relatives with GC from January 2008 to September 2022. They were analyzed in two groups based on whether they had additional symptoms or clinical indications for esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Results
Overall, 283 patients were included (54.5% asymptomatic vs. 45.5% symptomatic). Histological findings that led to changes in patient management were identified in 32% of cases. No significant differences in histological findings between the two groups were observed (P = 0.077). A subanalysis revealed that patients with male relatives affected by GC had a higher incidence of relevant histological findings than those with female family members with GC (P = 0.013) with an odds ratio of 3.10.

Conclusion
First-degree relatives of GC patients may be at risk for H. pylori infection and gastric precancerous conditions regardless of symptoms or other indications, and a proactive endoscopic screening could be considered even in countries with low GC incidence.
Analysis of noninvasive methods in chronic hepatitis/human immunodeficiency virus mono- and co-infected patients with advanced fibrosis
Authors: dos Santos Deise Machado , Penteado Júlia Oliveira , Nader Maiba Mikhael , Basso Rossana Patrícia , da Silva Naylê Maria Oliveira , Quiche Lara Carolina Peixoto , Borges Mariana Penteado , Gehres Luiz Felipe Silveira , Hoffmann Tchurle , Rodrigues Leandro Farias , da Silva Júnior Flavio Manoel Rodrigues 
Published: February 2025

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of advanced fibrosis (F3/F4) using noninvasive methods [elastography, Fibrosis-4 (FIB4), and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI)] before and after treatment with new direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV), both in cases of co-infection (HCV/HIV) and single infection (HCV).

Methods
This is a longitudinal study involving patients with HCV who are co-infected with HIV, who initiated HCV treatment between a positive anti-HCV test for more than 6 months and detectable HCV RNA. The control group consisted of patients with HCV infection without HIV co-infection, who received treatment during the same period as the co-infected patients.

Results
A total of 75 co-infected and 87 mono-infected HCV patients were eligible. Before treatment, elastography and FIB4 methods showed a strong agreement (0.73), while after treatment, the agreement was moderate (0.58). Between elastography and APRI, a strong agreement was observed before treatment (0.66) and fair/weak agreement after treatment (0.30). Both FIB4 and APRI showed perfect agreement at both time points with values above 0.9 (0.97 for pretreatment and 0.92 for posttreatment). The use of DAAs was associated with high rates of sustained virological response and reduction in fibrosis degrees in the posttreatment period, as assessed through biomarkers and hepatic elastography.

Conclusion
The utilization of biomarkers in clinical practice for assessing hepatic fibrosis is an essential tool. Thus, for an accurate evaluation of hepatic fibrosis, particularly after HCV treatment, the use of elastography, rather than biomarkers alone, is more appropriate.
Sterile systemic inflammation reaction associated with 90-day mortality in patients with HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure
Authors: Chen Jing , Liu Xiaoyan , Guan Chongdan , Peng Yuhui , Li Chen , Yan Lilong , Ning Peng , Hu Jinhua , Su Haibin 
Published: February 2025

Background
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) represents the terminal and most lethal phase of acute decompensated cirrhosis. Systemic inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of ACLF. Systemic inflammation reaction syndrome (SIRS) is a marker of ongoing inflammation. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the relationship of sterile SIRS with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related ACLF (HBV-ACLF).

Methods
HBV-ACLF patients with sterile SIRS who were hospitalized between December 2016 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were followed up until 90 days. Risk factors associated with 90-day mortality and sterile SIRS development were assessed.

Results
Among 151 HBV-ACLF patients without infection, 37 patients (24.5%) presented with or developed sterile SIRS. During the 90-day follow-up, 23 of the 37 patients with sterile SIRS died (62.2%), compared to 40 patients without sterile SIRS (35.1%, P = 0.004). Univariate analysis showed that age, total bilirubin (TBIL), international normalized ratio, ammonia, presence of sterile SIRS, model for end-stage liver disease score, presence of complications, and organ failures were associated with 90-day mortality. In multivariate analyses, the presence of sterile SIRS was an independent risk factor for 90-day mortality. Among SIRS components, heart rate (HR) was the most frequently met criterion (56 patients, 37.09%). Patients who met the HR or temperature criterion had lower 90-day survival rate than those who did not (46.4 vs 65.3%, P = 0.020; 16.7 vs 60.0%, P = 0.020).

Conclusion
The presence of sterile SIRS in HBV-ACLF patients was closely associated with prognosis.
Claudin-2 simplifies histological assessment of activity/remission of ulcerative colitis in real-life daily practice
Authors: Bassotti Gabrio , Del Sordo Rachele , Lanzarotto Francesco , Mino Sara , Ricci Chiara , Villanacci Vincenzo 
Published: February 2025

Objectives
Mucosal healing, and in particular histological mucosal healing, represents the new frontier as a treatment goal for inflammatory bowel diseases. However, the assessment of mucosal healing is presently somewhat limited by the numerous pathological scores available, and the lack of a global consensus on how to best assess it. For this reason, the availability of a simple and rapid test to evaluate the inflammatory state of the mucosa after treatment would be useful, especially for the daily routine.

Methods
To exploit the above purpose, we evaluated the possible usefulness of antibodies against claudin-2, a protein of intestinal epithelium tight junctions, as a possible test to assess the presence of activity in ulcerative colitis following treatment. Biopsies from 28 patients with distal localization of the disease and clinical and endoscopic remission were tested for claudin-2 reactivity.

Results
Claudin-2 reactivity was always negative in noninvolved segments and displayed a variable staining intensity in concordance with the histological activity. There was a highly significant (P < 0.0001) correlation between histological score and claudin-2 expression in the colonic segments involved (descending, sigmoid colon, and rectum).

Conclusions
Our results suggest that the use of claudin-2 in the routine daily practice could simplify and corroborate the results of current histological evaluations, especially in clinical practice and posttreatment follow-up.
Cardiovascular events and incident diabetes in 220 patients with MASLD according to basal liver fibrosis: a 10-year follow-up historic cohort
Authors: Choque Vargas Cinthia , Cáceres Francisco , Landeira Graciela , Perez Soledad , Marchi Laura , Ruffillo Gabriela , Tevez Silvina , Puga-Tejada Miguel , Fassio Eduardo 
Published: February 2025

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) patients have a higher incidence of cardiovascular events (CVE) compared to controls.

Aim
The aim of this study is to analyze association between liver fibrosis with CVE, incident diabetes, and cirrhosis complications.

Methods
Historic cohort of biopsy-proven MASLD patients, divided into two groups: F0–F2 vs F3–F4 fibrosis. Baseline data included metabolic traits and liver function tests. Patients were contacted and scheduled for laboratory analysis and elastography. Endpoints were (a) CVE, defined as any of acute myocardial infarction, coronary stenting, ischemic cardiopathy, and stroke; (b) incident diabetes; (c) cirrhosis complications. Baseline data were collected at the time of liver biopsy, while follow-up data were recovered through personal interview or medical records. A stepwise logistic regression determined predictive variables for each endpoint.

Results
Study population included 220 patients with median age 53 years, and 145 were women; baseline fibrosis was F0–F2 in 165 patients and F3–F4 in 55 patients; median follow-up was 9.9 years. A higher percentage of F3–F4 patients had CVE (29.4%) than F0–F2 ones (13.1%) (hazard ratio 2.42; 95% CI: 1.26–4.6; P = 0.008). Incident diabetes occurred in 53.3% of F3–F4 and 20.2% of F0–F2 cohort (hazard ratio 3.04; 95% CI: 1.99–4.86; P < 0.001); cirrhosis complications occurred in 9/55 F3–F4 patients and in 1/165 F0–F2 ones (hazard ratio 26.3; 95% CI: 3.3–208.3; P = 0.002). Multivariate analysis confirmed liver fibrosis as an independent predictor of incident diabetes and cirrhosis complications. CVE were associated with baseline diabetes and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio.

Conclusion
In a cohort of 220 MASLD patients followed for 9.9 years, baseline F3–F4 was associated with incident diabetes and cirrhosis complications. AST/ALT ratio and diabetes were associated with CVE.