bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of champions in implementing innovations in health care: a systematic review
Authors: Santos Wilmer J. , Graham Ian D. , Lalonde Michelle , Demery Varin Melissa , Squires Janet E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundChampions have been documented in the literature as an important strategy for implementation, yet their effectiveness has not been well synthesized in the health care literature. The aim of this systematic review was to determine whether champions, tested in isolation from other implementation strategies, are effective at improving innovation use or outcomes in health care.MethodsThe JBI systematic review method guided this study. A peer-reviewed search strategy was applied to eight electronic databases to identify relevant articles. We included all published articles and unpublished theses and dissertations that used a quantitative study design to evaluate the effectiveness of champions in implementing innovations within health care settings. Two researchers independently completed study selection, data extraction, and quality appraisal. We used content analysis and vote counting to synthesize our data.ResultsAfter screening 7566 records titles and abstracts and 2090 full text articles, we included 35 studies in our review. Most of the studies (71.4%) operationalized the champion strategy by the presence or absence of a champion. In a subset of seven studies, five studies found associations between exposure to champions and increased use of best practices, programs, or technological innovations at an organizational level. In other subsets, the evidence pertaining to use of champions and innovation use by patients or providers, or at improving outcomes was either mixed or scarce.ConclusionsWe identified a small body of literature reporting an association between use of champions and increased instrumental use of innovations by organizations. However, more research is needed to determine causal relationship between champions and innovation use and outcomes. Even though there are no reported adverse effects in using champions, opportunity costs may be associated with their use. Until more evidence becomes available about the effectiveness of champions at increasing innovation use and outcomes, the decision to deploy champions should consider the needs and resources of the organization and include an evaluation plan. To further our understanding of champions’ effectiveness, future studies should (1) use experimental study designs in conjunction with process evaluations, (2) describe champions and their activities and (3) rigorously evaluate the effectiveness of champions’ activities.RegistrationOpen Science Framework (https://osf.io/ba3d2). Registered on November 15, 2020.
Management of self-injurious behaviour, reducing restrictive interventions and predictors of positive outcome in intellectual disability and/or autism
Authors: Biswas Asit , Gumber Rohit , Furniss Frederick 
Published: July 2022

SUMMARYPerceptions of self-injurious behaviour as refractory to treatment, and of treatment outcomes as unpredictable, in children and adults with intellectual disabilities and/or autism may lead to treatment inertia or nihilism, restrictive practices and overuse of psychotropic medication in its management. Recent research suggests, however, that from infancy to young adulthood prospects for a positive outcome are fair, and markers predictive of treatment outcome have begun to be identified. In this clinical reflection we briefly describe this work, consider how it may contribute to case stratification, and outline current thinking on further functional differentiation of cases of SIB, promoting non-restrictive practices.
The consequences of a year of the COVID-19 pandemic for the mental health of young adult twins in England and Wales
Authors: Rimfeld Kaili , Malanchini Margherita , Arathimos Ryan , Gidziela Agnieszka , Pain Oliver , McMillan Andrew , Ogden Rachel , Webster Louise , Packer Amy E. , Shakeshaft Nicholas G. , Schofield Kerry L. , Pingault Jean-Baptiste , Allegrini Andrea G. , Stringaris Argyris , von Stumm Sophie , Lewis Cathryn M. , Plomin Robert 
Published: July 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all our lives, not only through the infection itself but also through the measures taken to control the spread of the virus (e.g. lockdown).

Aims
Here, we investigated how the COVID-19 pandemic and unprecedented lockdown affected the mental health of young adults in England and Wales.

Method
We compared the mental health symptoms of up to 4773 twins in their mid-20s in 2018 prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (T1) and during four-wave longitudinal data collection during the pandemic in April, July and October 2020, and in March 2021 (T2–T5) using phenotypic and genetic longitudinal designs.

Results
The average changes in mental health were small to medium and mainly occurred from T1 to T2 (average Cohen d = 0.14). Despite the expectation of catastrophic effects of the pandemic on mental health, we did not observe trends in worsening mental health during the pandemic (T3–T5). Young people with pre-existing mental health problems were disproportionately affected at the beginning of the pandemic, but their increased problems largely subsided as the pandemic persisted. Twin analyses indicated that the aetiology of individual differences in mental health symptoms did not change during the lockdown (average heritability 33%); the average genetic correlation between T1 and T2–T5 was 0.95, indicating that genetic effects before the pandemic were substantially correlated with genetic effects up to a year later.

Conclusions
We conclude that on average the mental health of young adults in England and Wales has been remarkably resilient to the effects of the pandemic and associated lockdown.
Superior terahertz sensing metasurface based on ultrahigh-Q toroidal dipole governed by quasi-BIC
Authors: Zhao Jing , Zhang Lei , Li Yongdong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Sharp quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BIC) in all-dielectric metasurfaces with high quality-factor (Q-factor) resonance provide an important platform for terahertz (THz) sensing technology because of its ability to enhance the strong light-matter interaction between THz waves and analytes. In this paper, we propose an ultrasensitive sensing substrate based on an all-dielectric metasurface consisting of an array of stacked high-index structures. By introducing a geometry asymmetry along the horizontal direction in the unit cell, a toroidal-dipole–dominated quasi-BIC transitioned from a distorted symmetry-protected BIC is excited with a Q-factor as high as

, which could maintain at a high level as the structure geometry varies. After characterizing the surface sensing performance, an ultrahigh surface sensitivity is achieved to be 263GHz per refractive index unit, while the resultant figure of merit reaches

, which outperforms the existing designs. The proposed metasurface is promising for superior label-free sensing performance at THz regime.
Dietary Total Vitamin A, β-carotene, and Retinol Intake and the Risk of Diabetes in Chinese Adults with Plant-based Diets
Authors: Su Lei , He Jingjing , Liu Zhaoyan , Wu Shangling , Chen Peiyan , Li Keji , Fang Aiping 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Epidemiologic evidence regarding the role of dietary vitamin A in the development of diabetes is limited and inconsistent. This study was to explore the association between vitamin A intake and diabetes risk in Chinese adults.

Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted among 17 111 adults (8537 men and 8577 women) who participated in the China Health and Nutrition Survey between 1989 and 2015. Dietary intakes were assessed by 3 consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls combined with a household food inventory. Diabetes was determined by self-reported diagnosis, diabetes medication use, or additional criterion in 2009 of fasting blood glucose or hemoglobin A1c. We analyzed the association of vitamin A intake (total, β-carotene, retinol) with diabetes risk using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results
A total of 519 men and 531 women developed diabetes during a median of 11 years of follow-up. Higher dietary total vitamin A intakes were associated with a lower risk of diabetes in both men (quintile 5 [Q5] vs Q1: hazard ratio [HR] = 0.69, 95% CI, 0.49-0.97, P-trend = 0.079) and women (Q5 vs Q1: HR = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.45-0.89; P-trend = 0.039). An inverse relation with diabetes risk was observed for dietary intakes of β-carotene (Q5 vs Q1: HR = 0.71; 95% CI, 0.52-0.97) and retinol (Q5 vs Q1: HR = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39-0.85) among men, but not women. Dose-response analyses showed the association of dietary intakes of total vitamin A, β-carotene, and retinol with diabetes risk in men was L-shaped (P-nonlinearity = 0.043), reverse J-shaped (P-nonlinearity = 0.001), and linear, respectively.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that adequate intake of vitamin A may help protecting against diabetes, especially for men.
Industry Payments to Physicians Are Kickbacks. How Should Stakeholders Respond?
Authors: Mitchell Aaron , Sarpatwari Ameet , Bach Peter B. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Payments from the pharmaceutical industry to US physicians are common. In determining which payments rise to the level of an illegal kickback under the Anti-Kickback Statute (AKS), the Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Inspector General (OIG) has stated in nonbinding guidance that influencing or “swaying” physician prescribing is key. OIG has highlighted as a compliance standard the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America Code on Interactions with Health Professions, which stipulates that permissible payments are those that do not interfere with prescribing. However, recent evidence has shown that most payments influence physician prescribing, driving higher prescription drug costs by increasing use of brand-name and low-value drugs. This evidence implies that many payments that are currently commonplace could be subject to prosecution under AKS. Given that these payments increase costs to patients and the health care system, there is a public interest in curtailing them. This article proposes a range of actions available to stakeholders—including industry, providers, regulators, and payers—to mitigate the cost-increasing effect of industry payments to physicians.
Active muscle stiffness is reduced during rapid unloading in muscles from TtnΔ112-158 mice with a large deletion to PEVK titin
Authors: Hurley Kathryn L. , Bassett Jordan R. , Monroy Jenna A. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Evidence suggests that the giant muscle protein titin functions as a tunable spring in active muscle. However, the mechanisms for increasing titin stiffness with activation are not well understood. Previous studies have suggested that during muscle activation, titin binds to actin, which engages the PEVK region of titin, thereby increasing titin stiffness. In this study, we investigated the role of PEVK titin in active muscle stiffness during rapid unloading. We measured elastic recoil of active and passive soleus muscles from TtnΔ112-158 mice characterized by a 75% deletion of PEVK titin and increased passive stiffness. We hypothesized that activated TtnΔ112-158 muscles are stiffer than wild-type muscles as a result of the increased stiffness of PEVK titin. Using a servomotor force lever, we compared the stress–strain relationships of elastic elements in active and passive muscles during rapid unloading and quantified the change in stiffness upon activation. The results show that the elastic modulus of TtnΔ112-158 muscles increased with activation. However, elastic elements developed force at 7% longer lengths and exhibited 50% lower active stiffness in TtnΔ112-158 soleus muscles than in wild-type muscles. Thus, despite having a shorter, stiffer PEVK segment, during rapid unloading, TtnΔ112-158 soleus muscles exhibited reduced active stiffness compared with wild-type soleus muscles. These results are consistent with the idea that PEVK titin contributes to active muscle stiffness; however, the reduction in active stiffness of TtnΔ112-158 muscles suggests that other mechanisms compensate for the increased PEVK stiffness.
Effects of thermal acclimation on the proteome of the planarian Crenobia alpina from an alpine freshwater spring
Authors: Ebner Joshua Niklas , Wyss Mirjam Kathrin , Ritz Danilo , von Fumetti Stefanie 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Species' acclimation capacity and their ability to maintain molecular homeostasis outside ideal temperature ranges will partly predict their success following climate change-induced thermal regime shifts. Theory predicts that ectothermic organisms from thermally stable environments have muted plasticity, and that these species may be particularly vulnerable to temperature increases. Whether such species retained or lost acclimation capacity remains largely unknown. We studied proteome changes in the planarian Crenobia alpina, a prominent member of cold-stable alpine habitats that is considered to be a cold-adapted stenotherm. We found that the species' critical thermal maximum (CTmax) is above its experienced habitat temperatures and that different populations exhibit differential CTmax acclimation capacity, whereby an alpine population showed reduced plasticity. In a separate experiment, we acclimated C. alpina individuals from the alpine population to 8, 11, 14 or 17°C over the course of 168 h and compared their comprehensively annotated proteomes. Network analyses of 3399 proteins and protein set enrichment showed that while the species' proteome is overall stable across these temperatures, protein sets functioning in oxidative stress response, mitochondria, protein synthesis and turnover are lower in abundance following warm acclimation. Proteins associated with an unfolded protein response, ciliogenesis, tissue damage repair, development and the innate immune system were higher in abundance following warm acclimation. Our findings suggest that this species has not suffered DNA decay (e.g. loss of heat-shock proteins) during evolution in a cold-stable environment and has retained plasticity in response to elevated temperatures, challenging the notion that stable environments necessarily result in muted plasticity.
A Friendly UV-Responsive Fluorine-Free Superhydrophobic Coating for Oil-Water Separation and Dye Degradation
Authors: Ren Fangyuan , He Rui , Ren Jinping , Tao Furong , Yang Huanhuan , Lv Hongshui , Ju Xiuqin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Due to increasing environmental pollution, benign responsive materials are of great importance in the field of oil/water separation. Here, a fluoride-free UV-responsive material for oil/water separation material and dye degradation was prepared. Environmentally friendly and low cost cellulose, silicon dioxide (SiO2), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and stearic acid (SA) were used to fabricate the superhydrophobic coating. The coated cotton fabric can be obtained by simple dip-coating, and its wettability can transition from superhydrophobic to superhydrophilic under UV irradiation. The responsive surface of the coated cotton fabric can be applied for the effective separation of heavy or light oil/water mixtures, water-in-oil emulsions and oil-in-water emulsions. In addition, the UV-responsive coated cotton fabric can realize the degradation of methyl blue after UV irradiation, which may provide a new prospect for the development of intelligent materials.
Boosting the Corrosion Inhibition of Q235 Steel by Incorporating Multi-responsive Montmorillonite-based Composite Inhibitor into Epoxy Coating
Authors: Xing Xuteng , Sui Yating , Zhao Hantuo , Yuan Miao , Chu Xiaomeng , Liu Shaojie , Tang Erjun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Montmorillonite (MMT), a natural silicate mineral with layered structure, can be used as a nanocontainer for loading 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) corrosion inhibitor. The obtained 8-HQ intercalated MMT (8HQ-MMT) by ion exchange was confirmed by various techniques. The release test shows that the prepared 8HQ-MMT is an acid-/alkali-/salt- multi-responsive composite corrosion inhibitor. In addition, the corrosion inhibition efficiency of Q235 steel in 3.5%NaCl + 1.0 g/L 8HQ-MMT solution released at 48 h can reach 56.16%. The epoxy coating mixed with 2 wt % 8HQ-MMT composite corrosion inhibitor can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of coating, and especially for endowing self-healing ability to a certain extent.
The STArgardt Remofuscin Treatment Trial (STARTT): design and baseline characteristics of enrolled Stargardt patients
Authors: Dhooge Patty P.A. , Möller Philipp T. , Boon Camiel J.F. , Lotery Andrew J. , Herrmann Philipp , Battaglia Parodi Maurizio , Klein Wolfgang , Fsadni Mario G. , Wheeler-Schilling Thomas H. , Jungmann Oliver , Müller Hans , Holz Frank G. , Schmitz-Valckenberg Steffen , Peters Tobias M. , Stingl Katarina , Hoyng Carel B. ,   Soraprazan Consortium
Published: July 2022

Background: This report describes the study design and baseline characteristics of patients with Stargardt disease (STGD1) enrolled in the STArgardt Remofuscin Treatment Trial (STARTT). Methods: In total, 87 patients with genetically confirmed STGD1 were randomized in a double-masked, placebo-controlled proof of concept trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 20 milligram oral remofuscin for 24 months. The primary outcome measure is change in mean quantitative autofluorescence value of an 8-segment ring centred on the fovea (qAF8). Secondary efficacy variables are best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), low-luminance visual acuity (LLVA), mesopic microperimetry (mMP), spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), reading speed on Radner reading charts, and patient-reported visual function as assessed by the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire 25 (NEI VFQ-25) and Functional Reading Independence (FRI) Index. Results: Mean age of participants was 35±11 years with 49 (56%) female. Median qAF8 value was 438 Units (range 210-729). Median BCVA and LLVA in decimal units were 0.50 (range 0.13-0.80) and 0.20 (range 0.06-0.63), respectively. The median of the mean retinal sensitivity with mMP was 20.4 dB (range 0.0-28.8). SD-OCT showed median central subfield retinal thickness of 142 µm (range 72-265) and median macular volume of 1.65 mm3 (range 1.13-2.19). Compared to persons without vision impairment, both reading performance and patient-reported visual function were significantly lower (p<0.001, one sample t-test). Mean reading speed was 108±39 words/minute with logRAD-score of 0.45±0.28. Mean VFQ-25 composite score was 72±13. Mean FRI Index score 2.8±0.6. Conclusions: This trial design may serve as reference for future clinical trials as it explores the utility of qAF8 as primary outcome measure. The baseline data represent the largest, multi-national, STGD1 cohort to date that underwent standardized qAF imaging, reading speed assessment and vision-related quality of life measures which all contribute to the characterization of STGD1. EudraCT registration: 2018-001496-20 (09/05/2019)
Effect of secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor on early tendon-to-bone healing after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in a rat model
Authors: Wu Yongmao , Shao Yan , Xie Denghui , Pan Jianying , Chen Huabin , Yao Juncheng , Liang Jiarong , Ke Haolin , Cai Daozhang , Zeng Chun 
Published: July 2022

Aims To verify whether secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) can promote early tendon-to-bone healing after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Methods In vitro: the mobility of the rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) treated with SLPI was evaluated by scratch assay. Then the expression levels of osteogenic differentiation-related genes were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) to determine the osteogenic effect of SLPI on BMSCs. In vivo: a rat model of ACL reconstruction was used to verify the effect of SLPI on tendon-to-bone healing. All the animals of the SLPI group and the negative control (NC) group were euthanized for histological evaluation, micro-CT scanning, and biomechanical testing. Results SLPI improved the migration ability of BMSCs and upregulated the expression of genes related to osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. In vivo, the SLPI group had higher histological scores at the tendon-bone interface by histological evaluation. Micro-CT showed more new bone formation and bone ingrowth around the grafted tendon in the SLPI group. Evaluation of the healing strength of the tendon-bone connection showed that the SLPI group had a higher maximum failure force and stiffness. Conclusion SLPI can effectively promote early tendon-to-bone healing after ACL reconstruction via enhancing the migration and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(7):503–512.
Optimal frequency selection for accuracy improvement in binary defocusing fringe projection profilometry
Authors: Zhu Jiangping , Feng Xiaoyi , Zhu Changhui , Zhou Pei 
Published: July 2022

The binary defocusing fringe projection profilometry (FPP) technique
has demonstrated various advantages for high-speed and high-accuracy
three-dimensional (3D) surface measurement. However, higher fringe
frequency does not necessarily give better measurements in binary
defocusing FPP. To improve the 3D geometry measurement accuracy, this
paper proposes an optimal frequency selection approach by analyzing
the phase error distribution under different defocusing degrees. The
phase error is analyzed theoretically based on the multi-frequency
temporal phase unwrapping process, and the associated relationship
with fringe frequency, system defocusing degree, noise, and other
influencing factors is established. Meanwhile, optimal fringe
frequency in a specific system is selected by the theoretical model
combined with the validation of simulation experiments. Finally, the
measurement accuracy could be effectively enhanced by the generated
binary fringe patterns of optimal frequency. Both simulations and
experiments verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed
method.