bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty Does Not Result in a Higher Risk of Revision Compared with Total Hip Arthroplasty for Displaced Femoral Neck Fractures
Authors: Farey John E. , Cuthbert Alana R. , Adie Sam , Harris Ian A. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Previous randomized studies have suggested that there is no short-term difference between the risk of revision following total hip arthroplasty (THA) and hemiarthroplasty (HA) for hip fracture in elderly patients. The aim of the present study was to compare the long-term revision rates of primary THA and HA for femoral neck fracture in order to determine whether unipolar or bipolar HA increases the all-cause risk of revision in patients 50 to 79 years old.

Methods:
Data for 36,188 patients who underwent primary arthroplasty, including 13,035 unipolar and 8,220 bipolar HAs and 14,863 THAs, from September 1, 1999, to December 31, 2019, were obtained from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry. Unadjusted analyses were performed, as well as analyses adjusted for age, sex, femoral cement, and procedure year. The primary outcome was time to first revision for any cause. Secondary analyses were performed for the reason for revision (i.e., infection, dislocation, and periprosthetic fracture). Instrumental variable analysis of hospital preference (for either HA or THA) was performed in order to mitigate the effect of any unmeasured confounding. All analyses were restricted to hospitals performing at least 10 procedures in the prior year.

Results:
A total of 18,955 procedures were available for the comparison of modular unipolar HA to THA. Both the adjusted analysis performed with use of Cox proportional hazards (hazard ratio [HR], 1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.64 to 2.31; p < 0.001) and the instrumental variable analysis (HR, 2.82; 95% CI, 1.89 to 4.22; p < 0.001) demonstrated a higher risk of revision following modular unipolar HA compared with THA from 3 months postoperatively. A total of 13,168 procedures were available for the comparison of bipolar HA to THA. The adjusted analysis performed with use of Cox proportional hazards showed a significantly higher risk of revision for bipolar HA (HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.54; p = 0.01). The instrumental variable analysis showed a similar effect size that was not significant (HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.78; p = 0.16).

Conclusions:
Bipolar HA and THA demonstrated no significant difference in revision risk at long-term follow-up. Unipolar HA demonstrated higher risk of revision from 3 months postoperatively compared to THA. The higher risk of revision for dislocation observed following THA may be offset by the higher risk of revision for acetabular erosion or pain following bipolar HA, resulting in more equivalent revision risk.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Equality of Rights and Courts: Constitutional-Based Arguments on the Fixed-Standard of Minimum Age for Marriage in Lights of Maqāshid al-Syarīah
Authors: Al Maliki Muhammad Alwi , Muslimin JM , Asmawi Asmawi 
Published: February 2022

This study presents the dynamics of constitutional-based arguments in the discourse of fixed-standard of minimum age for marriage through the judicial review mechanism at the Constitutional Court. Two decisions contain this provision. In the first decision (No. 30-74/PUU/XII/2014), the Court rejected reviewing the law. Meanwhile, the Court partially granted the request in the second decision (No. 27/PUU/XV/2017). This study aims to analyze the dynamics of changes in these provisions: constitutional-based arguments and their logic of legal reasoning. This article is written by applying a case and conceptual approach. Legal cases are derived from several documents analyzed using ideas and theories of teleological dimensions in Islamic law. The study results revealed that the change in the provisions was caused by differences in the Judge’s legal considerations in the two Court decisions resulting from different philosophical perspectives originating from the articles of legal texts. Those considerations and changes are in accordance with maqāshid al- syarī’ah: the efforts to fulfill the protection of the soul (hifẓ al- nafs), property (hifẓ al- māl), and honor (hifẓ al- irdh).
Keywords
Equality of Rights, Legal Reasoning, Constitutional Court, Minimum Age For Marriage, Maqāshid al- Syarī’ah.
Aspek Kecemasan (Anxitas) dalam Puisi Al-Kulira Karya Nazek Al-Malaika (Kajian Psikologi Sastra)
Authors: Nikmah Murisatin , Faizun Mochammad 
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study to find out the anxiety aspect in literary works. The main data source of this study is Nazek Al-Malaika's Al-Kulira poem, one of the poems based on the emotional effects of the cholera outbreak in Egypt in 1947. This study uses qualitative descriptive method by describing and analyzing the form and meaning contained in the poem Al-Kulira by nazek Al-Malaika then identify which sentences or lines of poetry correspond to the aspect of anxiety and relate to the theory of psychoanalytic personality sigmund Freud. The result of this study is Freud distinguished three structures or agents in human psychic life , "the conscious", "the preconscious", and the "unconscious." In the psychic unconscious there is a personality dynamic in the form of anxiety consisting of objective anxiety, neurotic anxiety, and morality anxiety

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aspek kecemasan (Anxitas) dalam karya sastra. Sumber data utama penelitian ini adalah puisi Al-Kulira karya Nazek Al-Malaika, salah satu puisi yang didasarkan pada efek emosional dari wabah kolera di Mesir pada tahun 1947. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, yakni dengan mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis bentuk dan makna yang terkandung di dalam puisi Al-Kulira karya nazek Al-Malaika untuk kemudian diidentifikasi mana kalimat atau baris puisi yang sesuai dengan aspek kecemasan (Anxitas) dan berhubungan dengan teori kepribadian psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Freud membedakan tiga struktur atau agen dalam kehidupan psikis manusia terdiri dari, “yang sadar”, “prasadar”, dan “tak sadar.” Dalam psikis tak sadar terdapat dinamika kepribadian berupa kecemasan (Anxitas) yang terdiri dari kecemasan (Anxitas) objektif, kecemasan (Anxitas) neurotik, dan kecemasan (Anxitas) moral
Quantifying mechanical forces during vertebrate morphogenesis
Authors: Maniou Eirini , Todros Silvia , Urciuolo Anna , Moulding Dale , Magnusson Michael , Giomo Monica , Pavan Piero G. , Galea Gabriel L. , Elvassore Nicola 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Morphogenesis, the establishment of rudimentary organ structures, requires embryonic cells to generate forces and perform mechanical work to shape their tissues. Incorrect functioning of these force fields can lead to congenital malformations including neural tube defects. The understanding of these dynamic processes requires quantification and profiling of three-dimensional mechanics during evolving vertebrate morphogenesis, which is not tractable with current technology. We fabricated elastic spring-like force sensors with micron-level resolution directly into specific three-dimensional domains of the closing neural tubes of growing chicken embryos through intravital three-dimensional bioprinting. Integration of calibrated sensor readouts with computational mechanical modelling allows direct quantification of forces and work performed by embryonic tissues. The two halves of the closing neural tube at the embryonic midline reach over a hundred nano-Newton compression during neural fold apposition. Unexpectedly, diminishing pro-closure force by pharmacologically inhibiting Rho-associated kinase reveals active anti-closure forces which must depend on alternative mechanisms or tissue properties, and which progressively widen the neural tube. Pro-morphogenetic forces must therefore overcome anti-morphogenetic forces to achieve neural tube closure.
Research on the "Dual" Impact of COVID-19 Epidemic and China-US Trade Frictions on Enterprises’ Relocation ——Based on survey data of 413 companies
Authors: zhu changhao , xia maosen , Jiang lingling 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In response to COVID-19 epidemic and China-US trade frictions, based on the survey data of 413 companies, starting from the descriptive statistical analysis of whether the companies with different characteristics have migrated or not, with the help of the feature selection method in machine learning, The balanced characteristics of the enterprise migration survey data were analyzed by feature selection, and finally 13 important characteristic variables that affect whether the company migrated or not were selected from 102. On this basis, the effects of the dual effects of COVID-19 epidemic and China-US trade friction on the migration of enterprises were further investigated and analyzed through the Probit model. The results show that the growth rates of import and export and export in the first and second half of 2020 have a significant impact on the migration of enterprises. Among them, the growth rate of import and export in the first and second half of the year has a positive and negative effect on the migration of enterprises, while the growth rate of exports The impact on the company's relocation is negative. In addition, the type of business economy, the proportion of foreign trade, and the emotional characteristics of 2021 orders also have a significant impact on the company's relocation.
Air Pollution in Bangladesh and Its Consequences
Authors: Khandker Salamat , Mohiuddin ASM , Ahmad Sheikh Akhtar , McGushin Alice , Abelsohn Alan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study aims to review the literature about air pollution, both outdoor and household, and its health consequences in Bangladesh. We searched articles in March 2021 using the PubMed/Scopus database, government publications, NGO report and reports of DoE. As a result, peer-reviewed published documents with analytical data and results were retrieved. We also reviewed studies related to ambient and household air quality, the sources of air pollution, the health and economic implications, and the role of NGOs and Govt. of Bangladesh. The sources of ambient air pollution in Bangladesh include Anthropogenic origins like the burning of fossil fuel, coal, wood, open burning of waste or agricultural residues, emission from motor vehicles and industries, use of biomass fuel for cooking, and transboundary air pollution; and Natural sources like windblown dust, sea spray, forest fires, and methane gas emitted by animals. Brick kilns, surface dust, and vehicle emissions contribute about 85.0% of local air pollution in Dhaka, the largest urban area. The contribution from transportation is aggravated by traffic congestion, contaminated fuels, including leaded fuels, two-stroke auto-rickshaws, overloading, and the dust generated due to friction with the roadways. Industries inside cities and brick kilns surrounding the town are also significant contributors. In recent years, the air pollution of Dhaka city has worsened, causing adverse health effects and environmental degradation. The government response has included eliminating the leaded fuel, initiating the use of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), and phasing out the two-stroke auto-rickshaw, replacing them with CNG driven auto rickshaw. It also implemented and updated regulations, formulated policies and strategic plans.
Prevalence of Inter-arm blood pressure difference among young healthy adults: Results from a large cross-sectional study on 3235 participants
Authors: Essa Rawand Abdulrahman , Ahmed Sirwan Khalid 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
More than 100 years ago, the difference in blood pressure (BP) between arms was first reported. Recent studies have shown that different blood pressure between the right and left arm leads to cardiovascular events. Three thousand and thirty volunteers participated in our cross-sectional study. The sIABP was equal in 163 of 3030 persons (5.37%), dIABP was equal in 222 out of 3030 persons (7.32%), from a total of 792/3030 persons (26.1 %) sIAD > 10 mmHg, and dIAD > or =10 mmHg was found in 927 out of 3030 persons (33.5%) in the right arm, and 32.4% in the left arm. In 2692 of 3030 volunteers BP, initially recorded in the dominant hand (right arm), showing sIAD> or = 10 mmHg was found in 943 (37.1%) volunteers, and when the first measurement was done in 338 left-handed volunteers it showed sIAD> or = 10 mmHg in 112 of 338 (34.1%), P < 0.001; 95% confidence interval for systolic right hand were (115.73: 116.73), and for systolic left hand 95% confidence interval were (113.17:114.15). Furthermore, height, residential area, and heart rate above 90 bpm had a significant effect on IAD (P =. 041, .002, <001, respectively). In conclusions significant inter-arm systolic and diastolic BP differences above (10 mm Hg) is common in the young, healthy population. Hand dominance is a significant consideration while measuring blood pressure. It is mandatory to measure blood pressure in both arms in a sitting position with a stable condition.
Sustainability of Farming Nile Tilapia in Net-Cages in a Reservoir of the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region During an Extended Drought Event
Authors: Henry-Silva Gustavo Gonzaga , Cacho Júlio César da Silva , Moura Rodrigo Sávio Teixeira , Flickinger Dallas Lee , Valenti Wagner Cotroni 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Stakeholders in the aquaculture industry are currently seeking the development of sustainable production systems and methodologies to measure sustainability. The present study evaluated the environmental, social and economic dimensions of sustainability of a net-cage tilapia production system with two stocking densities implemented in a reservoir in the semi-arid northeast region of Brazil during an extended drought event. The three dimensions of sustainability were evaluated through a set of 33 indicators. The Internal Rates of Return were below the Minimum Attractive Rates of Return and the Net Present Value indicator was negative for both stocking densities, showing no attractive financial benefits and no capital return capable of generating sufficient annual profits and revenues to keep the system in operation over time. The activity improved the local food supply and quality of animal protein in the state where the enterprise is carried out. Compensation of labor represented 22 and 24% of the production costs with 125 and 100 fish/m3, respectively. Various age groups and ethnic groups were represented among the employees, but the enterprise was operated only by men. Phosphorus accumulations were 2.1 and 2.0 kg/tonne and particulate material accumulations of 110 and 100 kg/tonne for 125 fish/m3 and 100 fish/m3, respectively. The prolonged drought conditions that occur in the Brazilian semiarid region can compromise the environmental, economic and social sustainability of fish farming in reservoirs in the region.
Design and Energy Analysis of a New Fault-Tolerant SRAM Cell in Quantum-dot Cellular Automata
Authors: Khosroshahy Milad Bagherian , Moaiyeri Mohammad Hossein , Abdoli Alireza 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is an emerging technology pro posed in response to the limitations of CMOS technology. Moreover, static RAM (SRAM) is a crucial part of memory design, and efficient RAM design can play a significant role in this regard. This paper proposes a fault-tolerant QCA SRAM cell based on QCA three- and five-input majority gates. A novel structure of QCA-RAM based on a fault-tolerant five-input majority cell is proposed, which outperformed its counterparts in terms of complexity, area, and total energy dissipation. The proposed design is implemented on a single layer and does not require any rotated cell, which significantly improves the manufacturability and robustness of the design. Furthermore, our design can tolerate a single omission fault. Our majority gate improves complexity, area, and energy dissi pation, on average, by 54%, 68%, and 67% in 1 Ek, respectively, as compared to its previous counterparts. The proposed fault-tolerant SRAM cell improves the complexity, area, and total energy dissipation by almost 13%, 25%, and 35% in 1 Ek, respectively, as compared to its state-of-the-art QCA-based single-layer fault-tolerant counterpart.
The spatial structure of regional logistics and influencing factors: an empirical analysis based on Sichuan Province, China
Authors: Ye Meng , Mao Wenjie , wang yaqi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the paper is to find the influencing factors of the regional logistics spatial structure and propose suggestions to stimulate the vitality of the regional economy. Taking Sichuan Province as an example, this paper uses principal component analysis to improve the gravity model to measure the logistics gravity between cities. Use the social network analysis method to calculate the regional logistics spatial network correlation structure in Sichuan Province from 2010 to 2018. The QAP analysis method is then used to identify the factors that affect the development level of regional logistics specialization. The research results show that the logistics relationship between cities has become closer from 2010 to 2018, but network resilience needs to be strengthened. The division of blocks is the same as that of the five major economic regions of Sichuan Province, but there is an urgent need to enhance cooperation between plates. The correlation coefficient between the level of logistics specialization and the degree of betweenness centrality is not significant, indicating that the logistics mode of node cities is single, and the informatization and standardization need to be improved.
Comparison of Hand-sewn Direct Repair Versus Resection and Hand-sewn Anastomosis Techniques for the Reversal of Diverting Loop Ileostomy After Low Anterior Rectal Resection: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Keramati Mohammadreza , Yazd Seyed Mostafa Meshkati , Karoobi Mohammadreza , Tafti Seyed Mohsen Ahmadi , Kazemeini Alireza , Behboudi Behnam , Fazeli Mohammad Sadegh , Keshvari Amir 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThis is the first randomized clinical trial evaluating and comparing bowel function and early and late outcomes of two different hand-sewn surgical techniques used for the closure of diverting protective loop ileostomy.MethodsIn this prospective, randomized, single-blind clinical trial, a total of 40 patients with a history of rectal cancer, low anterior resection, and diverting loop ileostomy who were candidates for ileostomy reversal were included. The patients were randomly assigned into two groups, including hand-sewn direct repair of the ileal defect (group A) and resection and hand-sewn anastomosis of the ileum (group B). One patient in group A lost the follow-up and excluded from the study.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 56.42±10.47 and 52.10±10.24 years in groups A and B, respectively. Evaluating the early postoperative period, group A developed an earlier first gas passage (1.68±0.74 vs. 2.25±0.91 days, p<0.05) and stool passage (2.10±0.93 vs. 2.80±1.00 days, p<0.05). The oral diet was also tolerated significantly earlier in group A (p<0.05). Group A also revealed shorter operating time (83.68±8.95 vs. 89.50±8.09 minutes, p<0.05) and hospital stay (4.73±0.73 vs. 6.80±2.39 days, p <0.05). None of the participants in both groups developed signs of bowel obstruction during the early and late postoperative follow-up period.ConclusionsDirect hand-sewn repair for the closure of diverting loop ileostomy is a safe technique with better postoperative bowel function, oral diet tolerance, and less hospital stay compared to resection and hand-sewn anastomosis of the ileum.Trial registration: This prospective RCT was carried out at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (reference number: IR.TUMS.VCR.REC.1395.494). Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (URL: http://en.irct.ir/trial/9335 ), registration number: IRCT201703158861N2, Registration date: 08/05/2017. The WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), (URL: https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=IRCT201703158861N2)
Door-to-door recruitment during the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons learned from a population-based, longitudinal cohort study in North Carolina, USA
Authors: Karasik Jaclyn 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted many of the same communities that have been historically harmed by or underrepresented in public health research. In a prospective cohort study on COVID-19 in North Carolina, USA, we employed a door-to-door recruitment strategy on a randomly selected sample of households to maximize inclusivity and improve study diversity.
Discussion
Rapidly shifting current events and an evolving pandemic required continuous updating of our approach. Using a variety of recruitment strategies and participation methods allowed us to quickly adapt and to reach a broad range of people with diverse needs and circumstances. Door-to-door recruitment had many unexpected benefits, allowing us to easily reach people that were working from home and leaving people with positive impressions of public health research. However, even when we were able to elicit a response from prospective participants, follow-up has remained a substantial challenge.
Conclusions
It is paramount for public health practitioners to employ creative strategies and to invest time and resources to include hard-to-reach communities in research.
Framing Global Climate Change in Newspapers, 2000-2015: A Five Nation Study
Authors: Zehr Stephen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Australia, New Zealand, India, United Kingdom, and United States newspapers from 2000-2015 were analyzed for global climate change (GCC) news framing. The combination of the time range, cross-national approach, and detail on framing is rare in research on GCC communication. This article reports on diversity across news frames, attends to some cross-national differences, and resituates the question of journalistic balancing in GCC reporting. Political framing along with environmental effects and science frames were dominant both cross-nationally and over time. Less prevalent were frames that more directly linked GCC to the economy, causal factors, and the lifeworld. Habermas’ legitimation crisis theory is used to bring attention to the significance of observable imbalance in reporting. Newspaper accounts situated GCC more as a crisis of the political sphere while deemphasizing economic or lifestyle causes and their significance for the private or public lifeworld. The findings are intended to inform social science studies of GCC as well as, potentially, informing journalistic practice in GCC and other environmental reporting.