bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superradiance in alpha clustered mirror nuclei
Authors: Volya Alexander , Barbui Marina , Goldberg Vladilen Z. , Rogachev Grigory V. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractResonances in unstable quantum systems are radiating states that despite decaying overall normalization have a well-defined structure which is being balanced by outgoing radiation. Such an interplay between outgoing wave and internal quantum many-body dynamics leads to several unique effects. One of those is known as superradiance, or alignment, where due to decay or virtual coupling to the continuum the states undergo restructuring so that their wave functions align towards the decay channels thus facilitating the decay. This effect is well understood theoretically and is closely related to the fundamental properties of reaction physics. Direct observation of superradiance in open quantum many-body systems is difficult because it is hard to find identical complex quantum systems that are different only in their coupling to the continuum of reaction states describing the decay. Here we report this phenomenon in alpha cluster decays of mirror nuclei 18O and 18Ne.
Exposure to precipitation from tropical cyclones has increased over the continental United States from 1948 to 2019
Authors: Zhu Laiyin , Quiring Steven M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractExtreme precipitation from tropical cyclones can generate large-scale inland flooding and cause substantial damage. Here, we quantify spatiotemporal changes in population risk and exposure to tropical cyclone precipitation in the continental eastern United States over the period 1948–2019 using high-resolution in-situ precipitation observations. We find significant increases in the magnitude and likelihood of these extreme events due to increased rainfall rates and reduced translation speeds of tropical cyclones over land. We then develop a social exposure index to quantify exposure and risk of tropical cyclone precipitation as a function of both physical risk and socio-economic activities. Increased social exposure is primarily due to the increased risk of tropical cyclone precipitation, but there are regional differences. We identify exposure hotspots in the south-eastern United States, where rapid population growth and economic development amplify societal exposure to tropical cyclone hazards. Our multi-scale evaluation framework can help identify locations that should be targeted for mitigation and adaptation activities to increase their climate resilience.
Varied response of carbon dioxide emissions to warming in oxic, anoxic and transitional soil layers in a drained peatland
Authors: Liu Liangfeng , Chen Huai , Tian Jianqing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPeatlands are an important natural store of carbon. Here, we investigate how carbon dynamics in soils from three distinct layers from a drained peatland in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau might respond to global warming. We incubated Zoige Plateau soil samples that represent oxic surface soil, permanently waterlogged anoxic deep soil, and a transitional interlayer, which varies between oxic and anoxic conditions with water table fluctuations, in the laboratory at 8 °C and 18 °C for 154 days. We find that carbon quality and microbial activity were highest in surface soils and lowest in interlayer soils. Carbon dioxide emissions were lowest in interlayer soils, where they were less sensitive to warming and more sensitive to nitrogen content than in the other layers. Conversely, carbon quality and microbial activity were the primary predictors of carbon dioxide emissions from the surface and deep soil, respectively. Our findings suggest a low vulnerability of soil carbon in interlayer soils of drained peatlands to warming.
A general framework for quantifying uncertainty at scale
Authors: Farcaş Ionuţ-Gabriel , Merlo Gabriele , Jenko Frank 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn many fields of science, comprehensive and realistic computational models are available nowadays. Often, the respective numerical calculations call for the use of powerful supercomputers, and therefore only a limited number of cases can be investigated explicitly. This prevents straightforward approaches to important tasks like uncertainty quantification and sensitivity analysis. This challenge can be overcome via our recently developed sensitivity-driven dimension-adaptive sparse grid interpolation strategy. The method exploits, via adaptivity, the structure of the underlying model (such as lower intrinsic dimensionality and anisotropic coupling of the uncertain inputs) to enable efficient and accurate uncertainty quantification and sensitivity analysis at scale. Here, we demonstrate the efficiency of this adaptive approach in the context of fusion research, in a realistic, computationally expensive scenario of turbulent transport in a magnetic confinement tokamak device with eight uncertain parameters, reducing the effort by at least two orders of magnitude. In addition, we show that this refinement method intrinsically provides an accurate surrogate model that is nine orders of magnitude cheaper than the high-fidelity model.
Violence 4D: Violence detection in surveillance using 4D convolutional neural networks
Authors: Magdy Mai , Fakhr Mohamed Waleed , Maghraby Fahima A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs violence has increased around the world, surveillance cameras are everywhere, and they are only going to get more ubiquitous. Due to the massive volume of video footage, automatic activity detection systems must be used to create an online warning in the event of aberrant activity. A deep learning architecture is presented in this study using four‐dimensional video‐level convolution neural networks. The proposed architecture includes residual blocks that are used with three‐Dimensional Convolution Neural Networks 3D (CNNs) to learn long‐term and short‐term spatiotemporal representation from the video as well as record inter‐clip interaction. ResNet50 is used as the backbone for three‐dimensional convolution networks and dense optical flow for the region of interest. The proposed architecture is applied on four benchmarks for violence and non‐violence videos, which are commonly used for violent detection. It obtained test accuracies of 94.67% on RWF2000, 97.29% on Crowd violence, 100% on Movie fight and 100% on the Hockey Fight dataset. These results outperform the previous methods used on RWF2000 datasets.
Control of distribution static compensator with active damped inductor‐capacitor‐inductor filter using dual loop αβ‐frame current controllers for power quality improvement
Authors: Arunagiri Lakshmanan Sorraka , Rajpurohit Bharat Singh , Jain Amit 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA distribution system is connected with many non‐linear loads, and generated harmonies are mitigated by using distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) which is coupled at the point of common coupling through a voltage source inverter (VSI) and filter circuit. High‐frequency switching ripples are generated along with the output of the VSI during pulse width modulation switching. Inductor‐capacitor‐inductor (LCL) filter is used to suppress the high frequency switching noises. Still, the primary concern about the LCL filter is generation of resonance peak at the resonance frequency. The conventional synchronous reference frame current controller with LCL filter has a complex coupling between and axis; hence decoupling is very difficult. This research article presents a new technique based on active damped dual loop ‐frame current controllers to control the DSTATCOM with LCL filter for achieving improved load compensation. The dual loop controller is enhanced by using capacitor current in the inside loop and grid current at the outside loop with proportional resonant (PR) regulator parallel with harmonic compensator (HC). The proposed method effectively dampens the resonance peak under stationary reference frame The PR controller offers unlimited gain at the fundamental frequency and HC can offer more gain at the specific harmonic frequencies. Hence, characteristics of the PR and HC controllers used together to achieve minimum steady‐state error and the problematic decoupling are ignored. The complete DSTATCOM model with proposed control scheme is discussed with PR and (PR + HC) controllers separately under balanced, unbalanced source voltage. Stability analysis is carried out through Bode and pole‐zero plots to judge the performance of the proposed current controllers. The obtained results, including total harmonic distortion of the source current, are compared with conventional passive damped ‐frame current controller.
Lattice‐based cryptosystems in standardisation processes: A survey
Authors: Wang Anyu , Xiao Dianyan , Yu Yang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe current widely used public‐key cryptosystems are vulnerable to quantum attacks. To prepare for cybersecurity in the quantum era, some projects have been launched to call for post‐quantum alternatives. Due to solid security and desirable performance, lattice‐based cryptosystems are viewed as promising candidates in the upcoming standardisation of post‐quantum cryptography. This study surveys the lattice‐based cryptosystems in the post‐quantum standardisation processes including the NIST Post‐Quantum Cryptography Standardisation and the Chinese Cryptographic Algorithm Design Competition, from both design and security aspects. We present generic design paradigms of lattice‐based schemes and describe several representative proposals and recent progress. We also recap some main cryptanalytic results and methods for estimating the concrete security of lattice‐based schemes.
DS+: A method for the identification of cluster substructures
Authors: Benavides José A. , Biviano Andrea , Abadi Mario G. 
Published: December 2022

Context. The study of cluster substructures is important for the determination of the cluster dynamical status, assembly history, and the evolution of cluster galaxies, and it allows us to set constraints on the nature of dark matter and cosmological parameters.
Aims. We present and test DS+, a new method for the identification and characterization of group-sized substructures in clusters.
Methods. Our new method is based on the projected positions and line-of-sight (l.o.s. hereafter) velocities of cluster galaxies, and it is an improvement and extension of the traditional method of Dressler & Shectman (1988, AJ, 95, 985). We tested it on cluster-size cosmological halos extracted from the IllustrisTNG simulations, with virial masses 14 ≲ log(M200/M⊙) ≲ 14.6 that contain ~190 galaxies on average. We also present an application of our method on a real data set, the Bullet cluster.
Results. DS+ is able to identify ~80% of real group galaxies as members of substructures, and at least 60% of the galaxies assigned to substructures belong to real groups. The physical properties of the real groups are significantly correlated with those of the corresponding detected substructures, but with significant scatter, and they are overestimated on average. Application of the DS+ method to the Bullet cluster confirms the presence and main properties of the high-speed collision and identifies other substructures along the main cluster axis.
Conclusions. DS+ proves to be a reliable method for the identification of substructures in clusters. The method is made freely available to the community as a Python code.
Hahnemann trifft Freud
Authors: Stifft Ulrike 
Published: December 2022

SummaryDie Klassische Homöopathie und Psychoanalyse/Psychotherapie weisen zentrale Gemeinsamkeiten in ihrem Verständnis von Krankheit und ihrer Haltung zum Patienten/Klienten (siehe Anmerkung der Autorin zur geschlechtersensiblen Sprache am Ende des Beitrags) auf. Hahnemann widmete sich der differenzierten Betrachtung der individuellen Symptome eines Patienten und richtete sein Augenmerk auch auf „geistartige“ Ursachen. Freud machte unter anderem die Entdeckung, dass die Ursache von psychischen Störungen im Unterbewussten zu suchen ist. Im vorgestellten Fallbeispiel demonstriert die Autorin, wie Klassische Homöopathie und Psychotherapie gemeinsam die Ursache von Störungen an die Oberfläche bringen und an diesem Punkt therapeutisch ansetzen können.
Monitoring/Evaluation in Nutritional Therapy for People with
Gastrointestinal Complaints: Online Survey with Dietitians
Authors: Zbären Eveline , Padmanabhan Srividhya , Jent Sandra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction Dietary interventions are part of the therapy approach in
gastrointestinal disorders. However, guidance on what outcomes to assess (in the
form of a core outcome set) for dietitians to demonstrate the effectiveness of
their interventions is lacking. This study provides preliminary work for the
development of a core outcome set to systematically assess outcomes of nutrition
therapy in clients with gastrointestinal complaints by examining how
monitoring/evaluation are conducted by dietitians.
Methods This is a quantitative online survey for dietitians to assess the
current situation around the globe concerning monitoring and evaluation. An
online survey with 26 questions divided into six sections (rated importance,
implementation, resources/obstacles, instrument requirements,
statistical questions and experiences with the Nutrition Care Process) was
developed. The questionnaire was available in English, French and German.
Results In total 740 responses were analysed.
Monitoring/evaluation of clients with gastrointestinal symptoms was
rated by 98% to be quite important to very important. The systematic
implementation of monitoring and evaluation according to a concept/model
was rated by 57% as 'rather often' to 'very
often/always'.
Conclusion Dietitians are aware of the importance of the measurability of
dietetic interventions. The most dominant barriers are lacking time in daily
practice and lack of a suitable monitoring/evaluation instrument. A
suitable core outcome set in the field of gastrointestinal complaints is needed
to increase systematic monitoring/evaluation.
Psychologische Symbolarbeit
Authors: Schober Paul 
Published: December 2022

SummaryDie psychologische Symbolarbeit ist ein Therapie- und Beratungskonzept, das reale, (be-)greifbare Symbole einsetzt. Die Symbole in Form von konkreten Gegenständen werden zum Dolmetscher, um auszudrücken, was man sonst nicht sagen kann – wie die beiden Fallbeispiele zeigen. Dieser Ansatz wurde von dem Sozialtherapeuten Wilfried Schneider im Rahmen seiner Tätigkeit im Suchtbereich entwickelt und im Laufe der Jahre für Therapie, Beratung, Supervision und Pädagogik anwendbar gemacht.
Entstehung und Entwicklung des Hauttumorzentrums Karlsruhe
Authors: Raguz Jutta M. , Klemke Claus-Detlev , Jäger Manuel 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Diagnose Hautkrebs ist für Patient*innen, Angehörige und Ärzt*innen eine besondere
Herausforderung. Eingegliedert in das Clinical Cancer Center (CCC) bietet das Hauttumorzentrum
Karlsruhe die Anlaufstelle für alle Patient*innen, bei denen ein bösartiger Hauttumor
diagnostiziert wurde. Das Hauttumorzentrum wurde im Jahr 2017 durch OnkoZert entsprechend der
Kriterien der Deutschen Krebsgesellschaft erstzertifiziert. Wir erarbeiten zusammen mit
unseren Kooperationspartnern im Hause für jeden Patienten einen auf ihn persönlich
zugeschnittenen Behandlungsplan, in dem die Kompetenzen aller beteiligten Experten und
Abteilungen einfließen. Grundgedanke des Zentrums ist die fachübergreifende, individuelle
Versorgung der Patient*innen. Hierzu bildet die interdisziplinäre Tumorkonferenz, das
Herzstück des Hauttumorzentrums, die Grundlage. Seit der Erstzertifizierung des
Hauttumorzentrums nahm die Anzahl der vorgestellten Patientenfälle kontinuierlich von 54
(2016) auf 335 (2021) zu und spiegelt sich entsprechend in einem jährlichen Anstieg der
verordneten Tumortherapien wider. Während über viele Jahre hinweg bspw. zur Behandlung des
fortgeschrittenen malignen Melanoms nur wenige Therapieoptionen mit eingeschränkter
Wirksamkeit zur Verfügung standen, hat mit Einführung der zielgerichteten und der
Immuntherapie ein neues Zeitalter begonnen. Nicht nur im fernmetastasierten Stadium, sondern
auch für Patient*innen mit lokoregionär ausgebreitetem Melanom haben sich die Therapieoptionen
durch Zulassungen im adjuvanten Setting und damit auch die Prognose deutlich gebessert. Des
Weiteren kamen auch für andere Tumorentitäten wie das metastasierte und lokal fortgeschrittene
Plattenepithelkarzinom, das Basalzellkarzinom, das Merkelzellkarzinom und die kutanen Lymphome
neue medikamentöse Tumortherapien zur Zulassung. Das Hauttumorzentrum Karlsruhe bildet das
gesamte Spektrum sowohl der medikamentösen als auch der operativen Tumortherapie ab.
Neue Therapien kutaner T-Zell-Lymphome
Authors: Pfitzer Caroline , Klemke Claus-Detlev 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungKutane Lymphome gehören zu den seltenen Erkrankungen. Sie stellen eine heterogene Gruppe mit sehr unterschiedlicher klinischer Symptomatik und Prognose dar. Aufgrund der Komplexität der Erkrankung ist die Einbeziehung eines spezialisierten Zentrums empfehlenswert.Wir stellen im Folgenden drei Patienten mit primär kutanen T-Zell-Lymphomen (CTCL) aus unserem Hauttumorzentrum vor. Anhand dieser Fallbeispiele möchten wir die multimodale Therapie von CTCL unter Berücksichtigung neu zugelassener Medikamente für diese Indikation beschreiben.
Dapagliflozin Presented Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Through Metabolite
Extraction and AMPK/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Lin Deng , Song Yuling 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn recent years, the incidence rate of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
has been increasing year by year. The experiments conducted on rat elucidated
the effect and underlying mechanism of dapagliflozin in NAFLD. Sprague Dawley
rats were fed with HFD (Fat accounts for 52%, carbohydrate 34%
and protein 14%) for 12 weeks as NAFLD model. Dapagliflozin presented
NAFLD in rat model. Dapagliflozin reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in
rat model of NAFLD. Dapagliflozin reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in
vitro model of NAFLD. Dapagliflozin in a model of NAFLD metabolized into
histamine H1 receptor, caffeine metabolism, mannose type O-glycan biosynthesis,
choline metabolism in cancer, tryptophan metabolism, and glycerophospholipid
metabolism. Dapagliflozin induced AMPK/NLRP3 signaling pathway. The
regulation of AMPK/NLRP3 signaling pathway affected the effects of
dapagliflozin on nonalcoholic fatty liver. In summary, dapagliflozin plays a
preventative role in NAFLD through metabolite extraction, the inhibition of
oxidative stress, and inflammation by AMPK/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
Dapagliflozin may be a potential therapeutic agent for oxidative stress and
inflammation in model of NAFLD.
Rhodium-Catalyzed N-Reverse Prenylation of Nonactivated Indoles
Authors: Sun Minghe , Wei Linsheng , Li Changkun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe N-reverse prenylated indole motif is an important structure in natural products and biologically active molecules. Nevertheless, the direct N-reverse prenylation of nonactivated indoles is challenging. We report a rhodium-catalyzed regioselective N-reverse prenylation of indoles bearing various functional groups under neutral conditions. The triphenyl phosphite ligand and acetonitrile solvent together play a key role in the reactivity and selectivity.
Effect of Comorbidities on the Outcome of Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Puri Sunaakshi , Mahajan Shalvi , Jangra Kiran , Chauhan Rajeev , Kumar Sanjay , Aggarwal Ashish , Vyas Sameer , Bhagat Hemant 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background The pathophysiological changes following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) lead to a varied degree of neurological deficit and cognitive decline. The presence of comorbidities can contribute to the progression and course of the disease resulting in high morbidity and mortality.
Methods A total of 140 patients with aSAH, scheduled for surgical clipping or endovascular coiling were included. The patients' comorbidities were recorded. The postoperative outcome was evaluated using Glasgow Outcome Scale at 1 month following discharge. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify variables predicting poor outcome, taking into consideration those variables which were significant in univariate analysis.
Results Sixty-six percent of these patients with aSAH had associated comorbidities. In our patient cohort, we found that smoking and hypertension were associated with worse outcome (odds ratio [OR] = 4.63 [confidence interval [CI] = 1.83–11.7] and OR = 2.92 [CI = 1.41–6.01], respectively). Hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and asthma did not influence the neurological outcome because of their small number.
Conclusion Presence of comorbidities like smoking and hypertension significantly worsen the outcome of these patients with aSAH.
A Rare Case of Transesophageal Echocardiography Probe-Induced Tongue Ulcer
Authors: Surwade Sanjay , Chelani Ratan , Butani Manju 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTransesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a commonly used diagnostic and monitoring modality in anesthetic practice. It is used in neurosurgery for monitoring cardiac function and detecting venous air embolism. TEE is a semi-invasive procedure and is considered to be reasonably safe with a few complications. During neurosurgical cases, access to the head end is limited and TEE can cause injury due to prolonged contact. These injuries can be noticed only at the conclusion of the surgery. We report a rare case of tongue ulcer caused due to the use of TEE in a sitting neurosurgical procedure with a complete resolution.