bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uniqueness of radiomic features in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ge Gary , Zhang Jie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeThe uniqueness of radiomic features, combined with their reproducibility, determines the reliability of radiomic studies. This study is to test the hypothesis that radiomic features extracted from a defined region of interest (ROI) are unique to the underlying structure (e.g., tumor).ApproachTwo cohorts of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients were retrospectively retrieved from a GE and a Siemens CT scanner. The lung nodules (ROI) were delineated manually and radiomic features were extracted using IBEX. The same ROI was then translocated randomly to four other tissue regions of the same set of images: adipose, heart, lung beyond nodule, and muscle for radiomic feature extraction. Coefficient of variation (CV) within different ROIs and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) between lung nodule and a given tissue region were calculated to test to determine feature uniqueness. The radiomic features were considered nonunique when (1) the CV < 10% and CCC > 0.85 for over 50% of patients; and (2) the CCC > 0.85 appeared in ≥2 tissue regions beyond the defined region.ResultsIn total, 14 patients from GE and 18 patients from Siemens are analyzed. The results show that 12 features fall below the 10% CV threshold for over 50% of patients in the GE cohort and 29 features in the Siemens cohort. According to CCC, 18 radiomic features in GE and 16 features in Siemens are identified as nonunique, with 11 overlapping features. Combining CV and CCC, 9 of 123 calculated features (7.3%) are identified as nonunique to a defined ROI.ConclusionsRadiomic feature uniqueness should be considered to improve the reliability of radiomics study.
Quantum Advantage in a Molecular Spintronic Engine that Harvests Thermal Fluctuation Energy
Authors: Chowrira Bhavishya , Kandpal Lalit , Lamblin Mathieu , Ngassam Franck , Kouakou Charles‐Ambroise , Zafar Talha , Mertz Damien , Vileno Bertrand , Kieber Christophe , Versini Gilles , Gobaut Benoit , Joly Loïc , Ferté Tom , Monteblanco Elmer , Bahouka Armel , Bernard Romain , Mohapatra Sambit , Prima Garcia Helena , Elidrissi Safaa , Gavara Miguel , Sternitzky Emmanuel , Da Costa Victor , Hehn Michel , Montaigne François , Choueikani Fadi , Ohresser Philippe , Lacour Daniel , Weber Wolfgang , Boukari Samy , Alouani Mebarek , Bowen Martin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecent theory and experiments have showcased how to harness quantum mechanics to assemble heat/information engines with efficiencies that surpass the classical Carnot limit. So far, this has required atomic engines that are driven by cumbersome external electromagnetic sources. Here, using molecular spintronics, an implementation that is both electronic and autonomous is proposed. The spintronic quantum engine heuristically deploys several known quantum assets by having a chain of spin qubits formed by the paramagnetic Co center of phthalocyanine (Pc) molecules electronically interact with electron‐spin‐selecting Fe/C60 interfaces. Density functional calculations reveal that transport fluctuations across the interface can stabilize spin coherence on the Co paramagnetic centers, which host spin flip processes. Across vertical molecular nanodevices, enduring dc current generation, output power above room temperature, two quantum thermodynamical signatures of the engine's processes, and a record 89% spin polarization of current across the Fe/C60 interface are measured. It is crucially this electron spin selection that forces, through demonic feedback and control, charge current to flow against the built‐in potential barrier. Further research into spintronic quantum engines, insight into the quantum information processes within spintronic technologies, and retooling the spintronic‐based information technology chain, can help accelerate the transition to clean energy.
Design and Synthesis of a π‐Conjugated N‐Heteroaromatic Material for Aqueous Zinc–Organic Batteries with Ultrahigh Rate and Extremely Long Life
Authors: Li Senlin , Shang Jian , Li Meilin , Xu Minwei , Zeng Fanbin , Yin Hang , Tang Yongbing , Han Cuiping , Cheng Hui‐Ming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractElectroactive organic materials with tailored functional groups are of great importance for aqueous Zn–organic batteries due to their green and renewable nature. Herein, a completely new N‐heteroaromatic material, hexaazatrinaphthalene‐phenazine (HATN‐PNZ) is designed and synthesized, by an acid‐catalyzed condensation reaction, and its use as an ultrahigh performance cathode for Zn‐ion batteries demonstrated. Compared with phenazine monomer, it is revealed that the π‐conjugated structure of N‐heteroaromatics can effectively increase electron delocalization, thereby improving its electrical conductivity. Furthermore, the enlarged aromatic structure noticeably suppresses its dissolution in aqueous electrolytes, thus enabling high structural stability. As expected, the HATN‐PNZ cathode delivers a large reversible capacity of 257 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1, ultrahigh rate capability of 144 mAh g−1 at 100 A g−1, and an extremely long cycle life of 45 000 cycles at 50 A g−1. Investigation of the charge‐storage mechanism demonstrates the synergistic coordination of both Zn2+ and H+ cations with the phenanthroline groups, with Zn2+ first followed by H+, accompanying the reversible formation of zinc hydroxide sulfate hydrate. This work provides a molecular‐engineering strategy for superior organic materials and adds new insights to understand the charge‐storage behavior of aqueous Zn–organic batteries.
Sex differences in lymphoma incidence and mortality by subtype: A population‐based study
Authors: Radkiewicz Cecilia , Bruchfeld Johanna B. , Weibull Caroline E. , Jeppesen Mathias L. , Frederiksen Henrik , Lambe Mats , Jakobsen Lasse , El‐Galaly Tarec C. , Smedby Karin E. , Wästerlid Tove 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIt is well established that the male sex is associated with increased risk for, as well as poorer survival of, most cancers. A similar pattern has been described in lymphomas but has not yet been comprehensively assessed. In this nationwide population‐based cohort study, we used the Swedish Lymphoma Register to investigate sex differences in lymphoma subtype incidence and excess mortality in adults (age 18–99) diagnosed in 2000–2019. Male‐to‐female incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and excess mortality ratios (EMRs) adjusted for age and calendar year were predicted using Poisson regression. We identified 36 795 lymphoma cases, 20 738 (56.4%) in men and 16 057 (43.6%) in women. Men were at significantly higher risk of 14 out of 16 lymphoma subtypes with IRRs ranging from 1.15 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09–1.22) in follicular lymphoma to 5.95 (95% CI 4.89–7.24) in hairy cell leukemia. EMRs >1 were seen in 13 out of 16 lymphoma subtypes indicating higher mortality in men, although only statistically significant for classical Hodgkin lymphoma 1.26 (95% CI 1.04–1.54), aggressive lymphoma not otherwise specified 1.29 (95% CI 1.08–1.55), and small lymphocytic lymphoma 1.52 (95% CI 1.11–2.07). A corresponding analysis using data from the Danish Lymphoma Register was performed with comparable results. In conclusion, we demonstrate a significantly higher incidence and trend toward higher mortality in men for most lymphoma subtypes. Future studies with large patient material that include detailed clinicopathological prognostic factors are warranted to further delineate and explain sex differences in lymphoma survival to enable optimal management of lymphoma patients regardless of sex.
Familial Bainbridge‐Ropers syndrome: Report of familial ASXL3 inheritance and a milder phenotype
Authors: Schirwani Schaida , Woods Emily , Koolen David A. , Ockeloen Charlotte W. , Lynch Sally Ann , Kavanagh Karl , Graham John M. , Grand Katheryn , Pierson Tyler Mark , Chung Jeffrey M. , Balasubramanian Meena 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDe novo truncating and splicing pathogenic variants in the Additional Sex Combs‐Like 3 (ASXL3) gene are known to cause neurodevelopmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral difficulties, hypotonia, feeding problems and characteristic facial features. We previously reported 45 patients with ASXL3‐related disorder including three individuals with a familial variant. Here we report the detailed clinical and molecular characteristics of these three families with inherited ASXL3‐related disorder. First, a father and son with c.2791_2792del p.Gln931fs pathogenic variant. The second, a mother, daughter and son with c.4534C > T, p.Gln1512Ter pathogenic variant. The third, a mother and her daughter with c.4441dup, p.Leu1481fs maternally inherited pathogenic variant. This report demonstrates intrafamilial phenotypic heterogeneity and confirms heritability of ASXL3‐related disorder.
Contextualizing bilateral asymmetry and gender: A multivariate approach to femoral cross‐sectional geometry at rural Medieval Pieve di Pava, Italy
Authors: Kinkopf Katherine M. , Agarwal Sabrina C. , Giuffra Valentina , Minozzi Simona , Campana Stefano , Caramella Davide , Riccomi Giulia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesOur objective was to identify the relationship between biocultural factors of sex‐gender and age and patterns of femoral cross‐sectional geometry with historical evidence about labor and activity from an archeological skeletal sample excavated from the rural Medieval site Pieve di Pava.Materials and MethodsThe study site, Pieve di Pava, was a rural parish cemetery in Tuscany with osteoarcheological remains from the 7th to 12th centuries. Cross‐sectional geometric analysis of femora from 110 individuals dated to the 10th‐12th centuries were used to examine trends in bone quantity, shape, and bending strength between age and sex groups, as well as in clusters identified through Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA).ResultsOverall, our study sample showed remarkable heterogeneity and our cluster analysis revealed a complex underlying structure, indicating that divisions of labor did not follow a strict gender binary in our sample. We found high levels of bilateral asymmetry in our sample in multiple cross‐sectional areas for a significant proportion of the population. We found minimal differences between age groups or sex.DiscussionOur results suggest that males and females had varied experiences of labor and work during their lives that did not reflect the strict binary gender roles sometimes documented for medieval Europe. One important axis of difference is the direction and magnitude of bilateral asymmetry observed in our femur sample, which is associated with divergent trends in section moduli and bone area measures.
Synthesis of a Systematic 64‐Membered Heparan Sulfate Tetrasaccharide Library
Authors: Baryal Kedar N. , Ramadan Sherif , Su Guowei , Huo Changxin , Zhao Yuetao , Liu Jian , Hsieh‐Wilson Linda C. , Huang Xuefei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHeparan sulfate (HS) has multifaceted biological activities. To date, no libraries of HS oligosaccharides bearing systematically varied sulfation structures are available owing to the challenges in synthesizing a large number of HS oligosaccharides. To overcome the obstacles and expedite the synthesis, a divergent approach was designed, where 64 HS tetrasaccharides covering all possible structures of 2‐O‐, 6‐O‐ andN‐sulfation with the glucosamine‐glucuronic acid‐glucosamine‐iduronic acid backbone were successfully produced from asinglestrategically protected tetrasaccharide intermediate. This extensive library helped identify the structural requirements for HS sequences to have strong fibroblast growth factor‐2 binding but a weak affinity for platelet factor‐4. Such a strategy to separate out these two interactions could lead to new HS‐based potential therapeutics without the dangerous adverse effect of heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia.
Highly Controllable Nanoassemblies of Luminescent Gold Nanoparticles with Abnormal Disassembly‐Induced Emission Enhancement for In Vivo Imaging Applications
Authors: Zhou Kai , Cai Wei , Tan Yue , Zhao Zhipeng , Liu Jinbin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAssembly‐induced emission enhancement has been widely observed for luminophors but it causes emission decrease after disassembly. The construction of unique nanoassemblies with disassembly‐induced emission enhancement (DIEE) is demanded. Herein, by taking advantages of alterable siloxane bridge crosslinking states, we report a facile strategy to fabricate water‐soluble nanoassemblies of luminescent gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with abnormal DIEE. The fabricated AuNP nanoassemblies with dominant interparticle crosslinking showed a redshifted emission at ≈1070 nm with quantum yields (QYs) of 1.8 %. After disassembly, the nanoassemblies with increased intraparticle crosslinking exhibited a unique DIEE (>6 folds, QYs, 12 %) due to the enhanced ligand‐to‐metal charge transition. Besides, the disassembly facilitated renal clearance of AuNPs to reduce nonspecific retention in the body, opening new possibilities for designing highly emissive renal‐clearable nanostructures toward more bioapplications.
Electronic Materials: An Antiaromatic Propeller Made from the Four‐Fold Fusion of Tetraoxa[8]circulene and Perylene Diimides
Authors: Pedersen Viktor B. R. , Pedersen Stephan K. , Jin Zexin , Kofod Nicolaj , Laursen Bo W. , Baryshnikov Glib V. , Nuckolls Colin , Pittelkow Michael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of an antiaromatic tetraoxa[8]circulene annulated with four perylene diimides (PDI), giving a dynamic non‐planar π‐conjugated system, is described. The molecule contains 32 aromatic rings surrounding one formally antiaromatic planarized cyclooctatetraene (COT). The intense absorption (ϵ=3.35×105 M−1 cm−1 in CH2Cl2) and emission bands are assigned to internal charge‐transfer transitions in the combined PDI‐circulene π‐system. The spectroscopic data is supported by density functional theory calculations, and nuclear independent chemical shift calculation indicate that the antiaromatic COT has increased aromaticity in the reduced state. Electrochemical studies show that the compound can reversibly reach the tetra‐ and octa‐anionic states by reduction of the four PDI units, and the deca‐anionic state by reduction of the central COT ring. The material functions effectively in bulk hetero junction solar cells as a non‐fullerene acceptor, reaching a power conversion efficiency of 6.4 %.
A Photoelectrochemical Nanoreactor for Single‐Cell Sampling and Near Zero‐Background Faradaic Detection of Intracellular microRNA
Authors: Wang Hai‐Yan , Xu Yi‐Tong , Wang Bing , Yu Si‐Yuan , Shi Xiao‐Mei , Zhao Wei‐Wei , Jiang Dechen , Chen Hong‐Yuan , Xu Jing‐Juan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRational utilization of the rich light‐bio‐matter interplay taking place in single‐cell analysis represents a new technological direction in the field. The light‐fueled operation is expected to achieve advanced photoelectrochemical (PEC) single‐cell analysis with unknown possibilities. Here, a PEC nanoreactor capable of single‐cell sampling and near zero‐background Faradaic detection of intracellular microRNA (miR) is devised by the construction of a small reaction chamber accommodating the target‐triggered hybridization chain reaction for binding the metallointercalator of [Ru(bpy)2(dppz)]2+ as the signal reporter. Light stimulation of the dsDNA/metallointercalator adduct will induce the generation of photocurrents, underpinning a zero‐biased and near zero‐background PEC method toward Faradaic detection of non‐electrogenic miR at the single‐cell level. Using this nanotool, lower miR concentration in the near‐nucleus region than that in the main cytosol was revealed.
Belimumab use during pregnancy: Interim results of the belimumab pregnancy registry
Authors: Juliao Patricia , Wurst Keele , Pimenta Jeanne M. , Gemzoe Kim , Landy Helain , Moody M. Anthony , Tilson Hugh , Covington Deborah , Moore Tammy , Marino Rebecca , Gilbride Jennifer , Liu Andrew , Meizlik Paige , Petri Michelle 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundBelimumab is approved for active, autoantibody‐positive systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis, but limited data exist regarding its use in pregnancy. The Belimumab Pregnancy Registry (BPR, GSK Study BEL114256; NCT01532310) was created to evaluate pregnancy and infant outcomes following belimumab exposure.MethodsIndividuals with SLE exposed to belimumab from 4 months before and/or during pregnancy can enroll into the BPR. The primary outcome is major birth defects; secondary outcomes include miscarriages, stillbirths, elective termination, pre‐term birth, neonatal death, small for gestational age, and adverse infant outcomes during the first year of life. Belimumab exposure timing, concomitant medications, and other potential confounding factors are also collected. Data up to March 8, 2021, are reported descriptively.ResultsFrom an expected sample size target of 500 prospective pregnancies with a known outcome, only 55 were enrolled in the study. Among these, two pregnancy losses and 53 pregnancies with a live birth outcome were reported. Ten of the 53 live birth pregnancies resulted in a major birth defect. Ten pregnancies were enrolled after the pregnancy outcome occurred and were examined retrospectively (four live births with no defects, four miscarriages, and two elective terminations). There was no indication or pattern of birth defects associated with belimumab.ConclusionsLow recruitment numbers for the BPR and incomplete information limit the conclusions regarding belimumab exposure during pregnancy. There was no pattern or common mechanism of birth defects associated with belimumab within the BPR data.
Reduction of infant mortality from congenital heart defects in a middle‐income country: Costa Rican experience
Authors: Benavides‐Lara Adriana , Barboza‐Argüello María de la Paz , Arguedas‐Arguedas Olga , Faerron‐Angel Jorge Enrique , da Cruz Eduardo M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to analyze recent infant and neonatal mortality from congenital heart defects (CHD) in Costa Rica, a middle‐income country where CHD mortality was above expectations.MethodsA descriptive analysis of infant and neonatal mortality rates from CHD (IMR‐CHD and NMR‐CHD) during 2000–2019 was performed, according to province, sex, specific CHD, and sub‐period, using data from the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses. We used joinpoint regression to identify any calendar‐year where a significant change in trend occurred; the average annual percent change (AAPC) was determined. Using Poisson regression, marginal means and mortality ratios (MR) for IMR‐CHD and NMR‐CHD by sub‐period (2000–2006–referent‐, 2007–2013, 2014–2019) were estimated and compared using Wald's chi‐square tests (α ≤ .05).ResultsDuring 2000–2019, CHD accounted for 12% of overall infant mortality. IMR‐CHD and NMR‐CHD decreased linearly over the study period (AAPC = −3.4; p < .01). IMR‐CHD decreased by 41%, from 13.6 per 10,000 in 2000–2006 (13.4% of infant mortality) to 8.1 per 10,000 in 2014–2019 (10% of infant mortality) (MR = 0.59; 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 0.52–0.68). NMR‐CHD decreased by 38%, from 7.9 per 10,000 in 2000–2006 (11.1% of neonatal mortality) to 4.9 per 10,000 in 2014–2019 (7.9% of infant mortality) (MR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.52–0.68). Male presented significantly higher NMR‐CHD. The main causes of mortality (2014–2019) were total anomalous pulmonary venous connections, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, and double inlet ventricle.ConclusionsIMR‐CHD, NMR‐CHD, and their proportional contribution to mortality by all causes and by birth defects decreased significantly, demonstrating that all improvements implemented in the last decades have yielded favorable results.
Conjugation strategies of DNA to gold nanoparticles
Authors: Choi Da Yeon , Kim Suhyun , Oh Jeong‐Wook , Nam Jwa‐Min 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDNA‐modified gold nanoparticles (NPs) have been extensively explored in various applications including the construction of three‐dimensional (3D) assembly architectures and biomedical applications. As ligand molecules, DNA strands can facilitate the building block function of gold NPs due to the inherent nature of DNA bonding, that is, Watson–Crick base pairing. In addition, the negative electrostatic character of DNA backbones renders colloidal gold NPs stability and robustness under various aqueous environments. Therefore, DNA conjugation to gold NP surfaces is a key step for stabilizing, controlling, and utilizing DNA‐modified gold NPs, and the working conjugation strategy should be employed and implemented for a specific application. This review covers various DNA conjugation strategies to gold NPs with fundamental binding features of DNA strands with varying functional groups to gold NP surfaces. DNA grafting density and directional grafting strategies on gold NPs are also discussed, which is a key factor to construct 3D NP assembly architectures via DNA hybridization.
Predicting individual learning performance using machine‐learning hybridized with the teaching‐learning‐based optimization
Authors: Arashpour Mehrdad , Golafshani Emad M. , Parthiban Rajendran , Lamborn Julia , Kashani Alireza , Li Heng , Farzanehfar Parisa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractReliable prediction of individual learning performance can facilitate timely support to students and improve the learning experience. In this study, two well‐known machine‐learning techniques, that is, support vector machine (SVM) and artificial neural network (ANN), are hybridized by teaching–learning‐based optimizer (TLBO) to reliably predict the student exam performance (fail‐pass classes and final exam scores). For the defined classification and regression problems, the TLBO algorithm carries out the feature selection process of both ANN and SVM techniques in which the optimal combination of the input variables is determined. Moreover, the ANN architecture is determined using the TLBO algorithm parallel to the feature selection process. Finally, four hybrid models containing anonymized information on both discrete and continuous variables were developed using a comprehensive data set for learning analytics. This study provides scientific utility by developing hybridized machine‐learning models and TLBO, which can improve the predictions of student exam performance. In practice, individual performance prediction can help to advise students about their academic progress and to take appropriate actions such as dropping units in subsequent teaching periods. It can also help scholarship providers to monitor student progress and provision of support.
Two New Eremophilane‐Type Sesquiterpenoids from Ligularia sagitta
Authors: Chen Wan‐Hong , Yang Hong‐Ying , Wang Yu‐Xian , Wen Mei‐Lian , Yang Zhong‐Duo , Chen Jian‐Jun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTwo new eremophilane‐type sesquiterpenoids, sagittacins F and G (1 and 2), together with one known isomer of sagittacin F (3) were isolated from the leaves and stems of Ligularia sagitta. Their structures were elucidated by interpretation of spectroscopic data and the absolute configurations of 1 and 3 were determined by X‐ray spectroscopy. Compound 1 belongs to a rare class of eremophilane‐type sesquiterpenoid featuring an α‐oriented hydroxy group at C‐1. A nitric oxide (NO) production inhibitory assay was applied to evaluate their anti‐inflammatory activities by using LPS‐induced RAW 264.7 cells. Compounds 2 and 3 exhibited modest NO production inhibitions with IC50 values of 45.15±2.72 and 49.83±2.34 μM, respectively.