bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Timing and duration of drought modulate tree growth response in pure and mixed stands of Scots pine and Norway spruce
Authors: Aldea Jorge , Ruiz‐Peinado Ricardo , del Río Miren , Pretzsch Hans , Heym Michael , Brazaitis Gediminas , Jansons Aris , Metslaid Marek , Barbeito Ignacio , Bielak Kamil , Hylen Gro , Holm Stig‐Olof , Nothdurft Arne , Sitko Roman , Löf Magnus 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Climate change is increasing the severity and frequency of droughts around the globe, leading to tree mortality that reduces production and provision of other ecosystem services. Recent studies show that growth of mixed stands may be more resilient to drought than pure stands. The two most economically important and widely distributed tree species in Europe are Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), but little is known about their susceptibility to drought when coexist.

This paper analyses the resilience (resistance, recovery rate and recovery time) at individual‐tree level using a network of tree‐ring collections from 22 sites along a climatic gradient from central Europe to Scandinavia. We aimed to identify differences in growth following drought between the two species and between mixed and pure stands, and how environmental variables (climate, topography and site location) and tree characteristics influence them.

We found that both the timing and duration of drought drive the different responses between species and compositions. Norway spruce showed higher vulnerability to summer drought, with both lower resistance and a longer recovery time than Scots pine. Mixtures provided higher drought resistance for both species compared to pure stands, but the benefit decreases with the duration of the drought. Especially climate sensitive and old trees in climatically marginal sites were more affected by drought stress.

Synthesis. Promoting Scots pine and mixed forests is a promising strategy for adapting European forests to climate change. However, if future droughts become longer, the advantage of mixed stands could disappear which would be especially negative for Norway spruce.
Medicalising the menace? The symbiotic convergence of medicine and law enforcement in the medicalisation of marijuana in Minnesota
Authors: Steel Ryan T. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe medicalisation of marijuana has occurred rapidly, albeit nonuniformly, across the US and around the world over the past 3 decades. This paper centres on the medicalisation of marijuana in Minnesota—which has one of the most restrictive programs in the country—as a case for evaluating the negotiation of institutional boundaries with the shift from criminalisation to medicalisation after nearly a century of criminal prohibition. Drawing upon Foucauldian discourse analyses of the medical and law enforcement associations’ position statements and legislative hearings that shaped medical marijuana policy in Minnesota, this paper demonstrates a symbiotic convergence between medicine and law enforcement through the deployment of shared discursive strategies in their opposition to medical marijuana that reinforce marijuana’s criminalised status by solidifying the boundaries between proper medicine and dangerous drugs. Criminal justice and medical institutions draw upon one another’s definitions, logics, and practices in a mutually constitutive manner, while still maintaining distinct user subjects and institutional interventions for each based on the user’s access to state‐approved forms of marijuana. The consequences for the governing of marijuana in Minnesota are explored, as well as the broader implications for the sociological study of medicalisation and criminalisation with respect to the governance of drugs and health.
Re-reading Kerschensteiner today: Doing VET in German vocational schools—A search for traces
Authors: Sloane Peter F E 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Georg Kerschensteiner is often called the ‘father of the vocational school’ in Germany. Working in the context of the German Empire in the 19th century, his historical achievement was to design a concept of vocational education that dissolved the opposition between general education and vocational education that had existed since Humboldt. He combined this with the idea that work processes have a positive educational effect. He is, therefore, part of the ‘work-school’ movement as well. The educational-theoretical and didactic positions elaborated by Kerschensteiner were, in different eras, received approvingly and disapprovingly in German vocational education and training research. A history of the discourse of German vocational education has emerged in which the considerations raised by Kerschensteiner are recurrently addressed and sustained. This article attempts to trace Kerschensteiner's influence on educational practice through various historical contexts including the vocational schools in Germany today.
Making global public policy work: A survey of international organization effectiveness
Authors: Coen David , Kreienkamp Julia , Tokhi Alexandros , Pegram Tom 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDo international organizations (IOs) actually help address global problems? This question is of major concern for global governance scholars and policy makers, yet few existing studies review issues of effectiveness across a range of different issue areas. This paper generates comparative insights on IO performance across seven policy domains, namely climate change, development, finance, investment, migration, security, and trade. Based on a detailed expert survey, we consider how key IOs in these issue areas perform across three different measures of effectiveness: constitutive effectiveness, compliance, and goal achievement. We also investigate causal claims on effectiveness, exploring how IO institutional design – and in particular measures of authority – influence their ability to shape policy outcomes. Taking stock of the distribution of authority across issue areas and policy functions, we ask whether highly formalized, deeply constraining institutional arrangements have a consistently stronger impact on state behaviour or whether less formalized institutions with fewer discretionary powers can also contribute to the effective implementation of internationally coordinated policies. Finally, we identify key cross‐cutting challenges for global governance effectiveness, including political conflict and politicization, concerns related to legitimacy and representation, and growing problem complexity.
Instrumental swallowing assessment in adults in residential aged care homes: Practice patterns and opportunities
Authors: Birchall Olga , Bennett Michelle , Lawson Nadine , Cotton Susan M. , Vogel Adam P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe practice patterns in the use of instrumental swallowing assessment (ISA) for older adults in residential aged care homes (RACHs).MethodsA retrospective audit of medical records of residents living in RACHs in Melbourne, Australia to extract data on speech‐language pathologist (SLP) involvement, indications for ISA and ISA practice patterns.ResultsMedical files of 323 residents across four Melbourne facilities were reviewed. 36% (n = 115) of residents were referred to SLP for swallowing assessment. Referral to SLP was related to length of stay (U = 7393.00, p < 0.001), dementia status (χ2[1] = 7.06, p = 0.008), texture modification (χ2[1] = 93.34, p < 0.001) and an existing dysphagia diagnosis (χ2[1] = 112.89, p < 0.001). There were no referrals for ISA and no instances of ISA being used. Among 115 residents who were referred to SLP for swallowing assessment, there were 33 instances where ISA might be clinically relevant according to ISA indicators.ConclusionsInstrumental swallowing assessment is not being used for the management of swallowing in RACHs in Australia despite a clinical need for ISA and a potential role for ISA to improve swallowing care quality. Lack of timely ISA may fail to meet the complex health‐care needs of older adults living with dysphagia in RACHs, increasing their vulnerability to complications of dysphagia and its management.
Learning and teaching stage 4 clinical decision making: progression from novice to expert
Authors: Crebbin Wendy , Guest Glenn , Beasley Spencer , Tobin Stephen , Duvivier Robbert , Watters David 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis paper describes the development of learning from novice to expert in Stage 4: Clinical Decision Making (CDM) in surgery: Postoperative reflection and review.It also outlines some or the assessment and teaching approaches suitable to facilitate that transition in skill level.MethodsThis paper is drawn from a much broader study of learning and teaching CDM, that used qualitative methodology based on Constructivist and Grounded Theory. Data was collected in individual interviews and focus groups. Using thematic analysis the data were analysed to identify key ideas. All participants worked in the Department of Surgery at one large regional hospital in Victoria.ResultsFor each stage there is a sequence of learning beginning from relying on external resources, gradually developing internal resources to guide and direct the learner's CDM. Those internal resources built through experience include multisensory and kinaesthetic memories that expand to facilitate the ability to cope with complexity.DiscussionArmed with the mind‐map and rubric table included in this paper it should be possible for any senior clinician or teacher to diagnose their trainees' progression in Stage 4 CDM. This will enable them to tailor their teaching to best match the capabilities of the trainee and to enable to be more effectively targeted.ConclusionCDM can be taught and both trainees and senior clinicians can benefit from understanding the processes involved.
Opioid use and patient outcomes in an Australian hip and knee arthroplasty cohort
Authors: Huang Phil , Brownrigg Jack , Roe Justin , Carmody David , Pinczewski Leo , Gooden Benjamin , Lyons Matthew , Salmon Lucy , Martina Ka , Crighton Joanna , O'Sullivan Michael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo determine the prevalence of opioid use in Australian hip (THA) or knee (TKA) cohort, and its association with outcomes.MethodsAbout 837 primary THA or TKA subjects prospectively completed Oxford Scores, and Knee or Hip Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score(KOOS/HOOS) and opioid use in the previous week before arthroplasty. Subjects repeated the baseline survey at 6 months, with additional questions regarding satisfaction.ResultsOpioid use was reported by 19% preoperatively and 7% at 6 months. Opioid use was 46% at 6 weeks and 10% at 6 months after TKR, and 16% at 6 weeks and 4% at 6 months after THR. Preoperative opioid use was associated with back pain(OR 2.2, P = 0.006), anxiety or depression(OR 1.8, P = 0.001) and Oxford knee scores <30(OR 5.6, P = 0.021) in TKA subjects, and females in THA subjects(OR 1.7, P = 0.04). There was no difference between preoperative opioid users and non‐users for satisfaction, or KOOS or HOOS scores at 6 months. 77% of patients taking opioids before surgery had ceased by 6 months, and 3% of preoperative non users reported opioid use at 6 months. Opioid use at 6 months was associated with preoperative use (OR 6.6–14.7, P < 0.001), and lower 6 month oxford scores (OR 4.4–83.6, P < 0.01).ConclusionOne in five used opioids before arthroplasty. Pre‐operative opioid use was the strongest risk factor for opioid use at 6 months, increasing odds 7–15 times. Prolonged opioid use was rarely observed in the opioid naïve (<5% TKA and 1% THA). Preoperative opioid use was not associated with inferior outcomes or satisfaction.
Incidence of A pattern strabismus after inferior rectus recession in patients with Graves' orbitopathy: A retrospective multicentre study
Authors: Jellema Hinke Marijke , Eckstein Anja , Oeverhaus Michael , Lacraru Ioana , Saeed Peerooz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroduction and purposePatients with Graves' orbitopathy (GO) may develop restricted elevation; this can lead to hypotropia, sometimes in combination with an abnormal head posture. Recession of one or both inferior rectus muscles is the first line surgery to restore eye motility in these patients. However, this may result in A pattern strabismus. This study was performed to determine the rate of occurrence of this type of incomitant strabismus and potential predictive factors.MethodsAll patients undergoing surgery on one or two inferior rectus muscles over a 10‐year period were screened retrospectively for the A pattern, defined as a ≥5° difference in squint angle between the primary gaze and downgaze. The extraocular muscle thickness in patients with acquired A pattern was determined by computed tomography (CT) and compared with a control group consisting of patients randomly selected from the total cohort.ResultsIn a total of 590 patients, surgery was performed on the inferior rectus muscle(s) during the study period; the A pattern was identified in 59 patients. Simultaneous surgery was performed on one or both medial rectus muscles in 32% of the patients. This group had significant incyclotorsion (p = 0.000) and less depression (p = 0.000) postoperatively.The mean amount of recession was 4.38 ± 1.53 mm in the A pattern group and 3.91 ± 1.37 mm in the control group (p = 0.032). The amount of depression was 50.2° ± 7.4° in the A pattern group and 57.3° ± 4.4° in the control group (p = 0.045). The inferior rectus muscle was significantly thicker in the A pattern than in the control group (p = 0.027), while there was no significant difference in the thickness of the superior oblique muscle between the two groups (p = 0.870). Of all patients with the A pattern, 47% required further surgery to achieve adequate binocular single vision.ConclusionIncreased preoperative inferior rectus muscle thickness and relatively limited depression could be predictors of postoperative A pattern inferior rectus recession in patients with GO. Step‐by‐step procedures are preferable in this surgically challenging group of patients.
Editorial: pegylated interferon combined with bulevirtide for chronic hepatitis delta—new life for an old timer?
Authors: Riveiro‐Barciela Mar , Palom Adriana , Buti Maria 
Published: August 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Jachs et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16945 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16138
Association between road traffic accidents and drugs belonging to the antiseizure medications class: A pharmacovigilance analysis in VigiBase
Authors: Chrétien Basile , Nguyen Sophie , Dolladille Charles , Morice Pierre‐Marie , Heraudeau Marie , Loilier Magalie , Fedrizzi Sophie , Bourgine Joanna , Cesbron Alexandre , Alexandre Joachim , Bocca Marie‐Laure , Freret Thomas , Lelong‐Boulouard Véronique 
Published: August 2022

AimsDue to their central mechanism of action, antiseizure medications (ASMs) could lead to adverse effects likely to impair driving skills. Their extended use to neuropsychiatric disorders makes it a class of drugs to monitor for their road traffic accidental (RTA) potential. We aimed to assess the reporting association between ASMs and RTAs using the World Health Organization pharmacovigilance database (VigiBase).MethodsWe performed a disproportionality analysis to compute adjusted reporting odds ratios to evaluate the strength of reporting association between ASMs and RTAs. A univariate analysis using the reporting odds‐ratio was used to assess drug–drug interactions between ASMs and RTAs.ResultsThere were 1 341 509 reports associated with at least 1 ASM in VigiBase of whom 2.91‰ were RTAs reports. Eight ASMs were associated with higher reporting of RTAs compared to others (ranging from 1.35 [95% confidence interval 1.11–1.64] for lamotrigine to 4.36 [95% confidence interval 3.56–5.32] for cannabis). Eight significant drug–drug interactions were found between ASMs and the onset of RTA, mainly involving CYP450 induction.ConclusionA significant safety signal between RTAs and some ASMs was identified. Association of several ASMs might further increase the occurrence of RTA. ASMs prescription in patients with identified risk factors of RTA should be considered with caution. Study number:ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04480996.
Trauma and aggression: Evaluating the influence of primed hostility and survivor sex
Authors: Ripley Adam J. , Clapp Joshua D. , Wilkowski Benjamin M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe relation between posttrauma symptoms and aggression is an area of growing interest in the larger clinical literature. The current project looked to examine the impact of primed hostility on aggressive responding in men and women with and without a history of prior trauma.DesignExperimental aggression paradigm assessed in a 2 (Group) × 2 (Sex) × 2 (Prime) mixed factorial ANOVA.MethodsTrauma‐naïve participants (N = 52) and survivors reporting active symptoms (N = 43) were exposed to hostile and neutral lexical primes in what was presented as a reaction time task played against an unseen ‘opponent’. In actuality, ‘wins’ and ‘losses’ during the task were assigned by an automated system. The intensity of an aversive sound blast delivered by participants to the supposed opponent in trials the participant ‘won’ served as an index of behavioural aggression.ResultsRepeated‐measures ANOVA identified a between‐by‐within interaction of exposure group and lexical prime (p = .010; = .070), with trauma‐exposed participants (p = .002, Δ = .30), but not controls (p = .159, Δ = .11), demonstrating elevations in aggression subsequent to hostile priming. A sex by prime interaction (p = .001; = .117) similarly indicated elevated aggression following hostile priming in men (p = .007, Δ = .58) as compared to women (p = .062, Δ = .10).ConclusionsResults offer preliminary support for the association of situationally primed hostility and biological sex with aggressive responding in survivors reporting active symptoms.
The development and validation of the Death Anxiety Beliefs and Behaviours Scale
Authors: Menzies Rachel E. , Sharpe Louise , Dar‐Nimrod Ilan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesResearch spanning the fields of clinical, social and health psychology suggests that death anxiety is an important construct. However, no comprehensive, psychometrically adequate measure of the construct exists. The current studies outline the development of a new measure of death anxiety, the Death Anxiety Beliefs and Behaviours Scale (DABBS), which is the first measure to specifically assess unhelpful beliefs and behaviours that may underlie fears of death.MethodsIn Study 1, items were piloted in a large community sample (N = 505). In Studies 2A and 2B, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed using a treatment‐seeking (N = 200) and non‐treatment‐seeking sample (N = 200). These analyses resulted in the final 18‐item scale.ResultsThe DABBS demonstrated good construct validity, criterion validity, internal consistency and test–retest reliability. In Study 3, the DABBS effectively distinguished participants with clinically significant death anxiety and distress from those without, demonstrating excellent discriminant validity.ConclusionsThe present data indicate that the DABBS is a valid and reliable measure of affect, beliefs and behaviours relating to death anxiety, in a community sample of adults and among those seeking mental health treatment. Given the increasing recognition of the importance of death anxiety, the DABBS offers a useful research and clinical tool.
Evidence‐based medical treatment of POEMS syndrome
Authors: Khwaja Jahanzaib , D'Sa Shirley , Lunn Michael P. , Sive Jonathan 
Published: August 2022

SummaryPOEMS syndrome is a rare multisystem paraneoplastic disorder due to an underlying low‐level plasma cell dyscrasia. Due to its rarity, there are limited data to guide treatment and there are no consensus guidelines. Therapy choices are dictated by patient characteristics, disease factors and local funding arrangements. The goals of therapy are to eradicate the underlying clone in order to improve quality of life and overall survival. Most evidence has been garnered in the front‐line setting. Localised disease responds well to radiotherapy, whilst for those with systemic disease, the best outcomes are demonstrated with induction chemotherapy followed up with high‐dose melphalan and stem cell rescue if eligible. For transplant‐ineligible patients lenalidomide–dexamethasone remains a preferred treatment option. Data in the relapse setting are scarce. Supportive care including management of neuropathy, endocrinopathy, thrombotic risk and anti‐infective agents is necessary. Future international collaboration is crucial to define optimal treatment strategies particularly in the relapse setting.
Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in patients with psoriasis treated with biologics
Authors: Marovt Maruška , Deželak Petra , Ekart Robert , Marko Pij B. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The effect of psoriasis treatment with biologics on the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines is largely unknown. Our study aimed to evaluate antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 following two doses of BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine) in patients with psoriasis receiving biologic monotherapy, and compare it with that of healthy controls.
Non‐Isometric Shape Matching via Functional Maps on Landmark‐Adapted Bases
Authors: Panine Mikhail , Kirgo Maxime , Ovsjanikov Maks 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe propose a principled approach for non‐isometric landmark‐preserving non‐rigid shape matching. Our method is based on the functional map framework, but rather than promoting isometries we focus on near‐conformal maps that preserve landmarks exactly. We achieve this, first, by introducing a novel landmark‐adapted basis using an intrinsic Dirichlet‐Steklov eigenproblem. Second, we establish the functional decomposition of conformal maps expressed in this basis. Finally, we formulate a conformally‐invariant energy that promotes high‐quality landmark‐preserving maps, and show how it can be optimized via a variant of the recently proposed ZoomOut method that we extend to our setting. Our method is descriptor‐free, efficient and robust to significant mesh variability. We evaluate our approach on a range of benchmark datasets and demonstrate state‐of‐the‐art performance on non‐isometric benchmarks and near state‐of‐the‐art performance on isometric ones.