bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the arm-like structure in the outer disk of PDS 70
Authors: Juillard S. , Christiaens V. , Absil O. 
Published: November 2022

Context. Observing dynamical interactions between planets and disks is key to understanding their formation and evolution. Two protoplanets have recently been discovered within the PDS 70 protoplanetary disk, along with an arm-like structure toward the northwest of the star.
Aims. Our aim is to constrain the morphology and origin of this arm-like structure, and to assess whether it could trace a spiral density wave caused by the dynamical interaction between the planet PDS 70c and the disk.
Methods. We analyzed polarized and angular differential imaging (PDI and ADI) data taken with VLT/SPHERE, spanning six years of observations. The PDI data sets were reduced using the irdap polarimetric data reduction pipeline, while the ADI data sets were processed using mustard, a novel algorithm based on an inverse problem approach to tackle the geometrical biases spoiling the images previously used for the analysis of this disk.
Results. We confirm the presence of the arm-like structure in all PDI and ADI data sets, and extract its trace by identifying local radial maxima in azimuthal slices of the disk in each data set. We do not observe a southeast symmetric arm with respect to the disk minor axis, which seems to disfavor the previous hypothesis that the arm is the footprint of a double-ring structure. If the structure traces a spiral density wave following the motion of PDS 70c, we would expect 11°.28−0°.86+2°.20 rotation for the spiral in six years. However, we do not measure any significant movement of the structure.
Conclusions. If the arm-like structure is a planet-driven spiral arm, the observed lack of rotation would suggest that the assumption of rigid-body rotation may be inappropriate for spirals induced by planets. We suggest that the arm-like structure may instead trace a vortex appearing as a one-armed spiral in scattered light due to projection effects. The vortex hypothesis accounts for both the lack of observed rotation and the presence of a nearby sub-millimeter continuum asymmetry detected with ALMA. Additional follow-up observations and dedicated hydrodynamical simulations could confirm this hypothesis.
Spin it as you like: The (lack of a) measurement of the spin tilt distribution with LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA binary black holes
Authors: Vitale Salvatore , Biscoveanu Sylvia , Talbot Colm 
Published: November 2022

Context. The growing set of gravitational-wave sources is being used to measure the properties of the underlying astrophysical populations of compact objects, black holes, and neutron stars. Most of the detected systems are black hole binaries. While much has been learned about black holes by analyzing the latest LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) catalog, GWTC-3, a measurement of the astrophysical distribution of the black hole spin orientations remains elusive. This is usually probed by measuring the cosine of the tilt angle (cosτ) between each black hole spin and the orbital angular momentum, with cosτ = +1 being perfect alignment.
Aims. The LVK Collaboration has modeled the cosτ distribution as a mixture of an isotropic component and a Gaussian component with mean fixed at +1 and width measured from the data. We want to verify if the data require the existence of such a peak at cosτ = +1.
Methods. We used various alternative models for the astrophysical tilt distribution and measured their parameters using the LVK GWTC-3 catalog.
Results. We find that (a) augmenting the LVK model, such that the mean μ of the Gaussian is not fixed at +1, returns results that strongly depend on priors. If we allow μ >  +1, then the resulting astrophysical cosτ distribution peaks at +1 and looks linear, rather than Gaussian. If we constrain −1 ≤ μ ≤ +1, the Gaussian component peaks at μ = 0.48−0.99+0.46 (median and 90% symmetric credible interval). Two other two-component mixture models yield cosτ distributions that either have a broad peak centered at 0.19−0.18+0.22 or a plateau that spans the range [ − 0.5, +1], without a clear peak at +1. (b) All of the models we considered agree as to there being no excess of black hole tilts at around −1. (c) While yielding quite different posteriors, the models considered in this work have Bayesian evidences that are the same within error bars.
Conclusions. We conclude that the current dataset is not sufficiently informative to draw any model-independent conclusions on the astrophysical distribution of spin tilts, except that there is no excess of spins with negatively aligned tilts.
Efficacy and safety of intensive downstaging polypectomy (IDP) for multiple duodenal adenomas in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Takeuchi Yoji , Hamada Kenta , Nakahira Hiroko , Shimamoto Yusaku , Sakurai Hirohisa , Tani Yasuhiro , Shichijo Satoki , Maekawa Akira , Kanesaka Takashi , Yamamoto Sachiko , Higashino Koji , Fujisawa Fumie , Ezoe Yasumasa , Ishikawa Hideki , Mutoh Michihiro , Uedo Noriya , Nojima Masanori , Ishihara Ryu 
Published: November 2022

Background Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) risk developing multiple duodenal adenomas (MDAs), leading to duodenal cancer and death. We investigated the efficacy and safety of intensive downstaging polypectomy (IDP) for MDAs integrated with new-generation procedures.
Methods This prospective phase II study, conducted at a tertiary cancer center, enrolled patients with FAP who had MDAs. We performed IDP including cold snare/forceps polypectomy (CSP/CFP) and underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR). The primary end point was the downstaging of Spigelman stage at 1-year follow-up.
Results 2424 duodenal polyps in 58 patients with FAP underwent IDP, including 2413 CSPs in 57 patients, seven CFPs in one patient, and four UEMRs in four patients. Only one major adverse event was observed (grade 3 hyperamylasemia) without clinical manifestations. We performed additional UEMR, CSP, and CFP for one, 12, and 22 patients, respectively, during initial follow-up. Overall, 55 patients completed protocol examination; the Spigelman stage was significantly reduced at the 1-year follow-up endoscopy (P < 0.001), with downstaging observed in 39 patients (71 %). Among the 26 patients with Spigelman stage IV at initial examination and protocol completion, 23 (88 %) showed downstaging. There was no major change in Spigelman stages from 1-year follow-up esophagogastroduodenoscopy to a median of 37 months (range 3–56).
Conclusions IDP, including new-generation procedures, showed significant downstaging with acceptable adverse events for MDA in patients with FAP, even those with advanced-stage disease. Lesion selection for different resection techniques may be important for suitable and sustainable management of MDA in patients with FAP.
Free Fibula Reconstruction for Bone Tumors Involving Humerus: Our Experience
Authors: Borthakur Bibhuti Bhusan , Boro Sumanjit , Sahewalla Ashutosh 
Published: November 2022

Background Malignant primary bone tumors constitute only 0.2% of all malignancies in adults and approximately 5% of childhood malignancies. The humerus is a common site for malignancies like chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and metastatic carcinomas. Management consists of multimodality treatment including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery depending on histology of the tumor and response to therapy. Reconstruction of humerus following oncological resection is a challenging procedure and the surgical options include endoprosthesis, plates, avascular bone grafts, and vascularized autologous bone using microvascular surgery.
Materials and Methods This was a single institutional, retrospective observational study conducted at a tertiary cancer center in Northeast India from June 2018 to March 2020. All the reconstructions were done with free fibular osseous flap. Postoperative outcome was measured with Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scoring. Data was collected from patient records and hospital online reporting system. All data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 21. Histograms were used for descriptive statistics; Spearman's correlation was run to determine the relationship between MSTS score and age. Rest of the data was checked with Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis test. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant at 5% level of significance.
Results Six patients were included in our study (n = 6), three of Ewing sarcoma and one each of osteosarcoma, angiosarcoma, and chondrosarcoma. Mean age was 21.7 ± 18.6 years; there was no flap necrosis in the series. One old lady developed nonunion and fracture at the native humerus in follow-up. At the end of 1 year the mean MSTS score of the series was 24.7/30. From data analysis a significant decrease in mean MSTS score was by 0.134 times (p = 0.035), been observed with increasing age. The correlation between gender and MSTS score (p = 0.325), type of tumor and MSTS score (p = 0.490), and location of the tumor and MSTS score (p = 0.351) was statistically not significant.
Conclusion Free vascularized fibular graft is an important option for bony reconstruction following tumor resection. In our small series we find it very effective for reconstruction of proximal humerus, particularly in younger patients, when microvascular expertise is present. Following a positive initial experience in humerus reconstruction with free fibular osseus flap a large study population will be considered in near future.
Integrated buried heaters for efficient spectral control of air-clad microresonator frequency combs
Authors: Moille Grégory , Westly Daron , Perez Edgar F. , Metzler Meredith , Simelgor Gregory , Srinivasan Kartik 
Published: November 2022

Integrated heaters are essential in the photonics toolbox, particularly for microresonator frequency tuning through the thermo-refractive effect. Resonators that are fully embedded in a solid cladding (typically SiO2) allow for straightforward lossless integration of heater elements. However, air-clad resonators, which are of great interest for short wavelength dispersion engineering and direct interfacing with atomic/molecular systems, do not usually have similar low loss and efficient heater integration through standard fabrication. Here, we develop a new approach in which the integrated heater is embedded in SiO2 below the waveguiding layer, enabling more efficient heating and more arbitrary routing of the heater traces than possible in a lateral configuration. We incorporate these buried heaters within a stoichiometric Si3N4 process flow that includes high-temperature (&gt;1000 °C) annealing. Microring resonators with a 1 THz free spectral range and quality factors near 106 are demonstrated, and the resonant modes are tuned by nearly 1.5 THz, a 5× improvement compared to equivalent devices with lateral heaters. Finally, we demonstrate broadband dissipative Kerr soliton generation in this platform and show how the heaters can be utilized to aid in bringing relevant lock frequencies within a detectable range.
High density cleanroom-free microneedle arrays for pain-free drug delivery
Authors: Lijnse Thomas , Haider Kazim , Lee Catherine Betancourt , Dalton Colin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the fabrication process for cleanroom-free solid metal microneedles and perform quantification of insertion profiles. Metal microneedles were created using a modified wirebonding process and inserted into porcine tissue to determine design efficacy. Microneedle arrays were analyzed through optical imaging and scanning electron microscopy. Insertion forces were measured using combined uniaxial load cell and resistance measurement data. Microneedle arrays were successfully inserted into porcine tissue with high repeatability and reliability. These arrays demonstrate lower or equivalent insertion forces (less than 3 N) to other forms of microneedles in the literature without the need for complex cleanroom fabrication processes. The microneedle fabrication method presented here rapidly produces mass manufacturable, high-quality microneedle arrays with minimal insertion forces, able to reliably penetrate tissue samples. The manufacturing method presented here achieved array densities as high as 3200 needles cm−2. These microneedle arrays demonstrate simple fabrication of a reliable, high-density, pain-free drug delivery system, with potential applications in biosensing and electric field modulated drug delivery.
A bistable rotary-translational energy harvester from ultra-low-frequency motions for self-powered wireless sensing
Authors: Masabi Sayed N , Fu Hailing , Theodossiades Stephanos 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the design, theoretical modelling and experimental study of a bi-stable energy harvester (EH) using rotary-translation motion for ultra-low frequency and low excitation amplitude energy sources. A spherical magnet is adopted to produce the rotary-translational motion to convert ultralow-frequency kinetic energy into electricity over a wide frequency range. The bi-stable mechanism is realized by introducing two tethering magnets underneath the sphere magnet’s oscillating path, significantly enhancing the operating range of the harvester. A theoretical model including the impact dynamics, magnetic interaction and electromagnetic conversion has been established to explore the electromechanical behaviours of the harvester under different operating conditions. The results illustrate that the EH operates in intra-well or inter-well motion depending on whether the input excitation is adequate to conquer the potential barrier depth. A prototype is developed to illustrate the design and to validate the theoretical model. The prototype generates sufficient power (mW) at frequencies lower than 2 Hz with excitation amplitudes as low as 0.1 g. A peak output power of 9 mW (1.53 mW RMS) is obtained at 2 Hz and 0.7 g with 750 Ω external load. The developed EH is integrated with an off-the-shelf power management solution to power a wireless sensing system to successfully record real-time temperature variation in the environment.
Manipulating exchange bias in Co/IrMn films by surface acoustic wave
Authors: Qiao Huifang , Niu Yabin , Li Xiaolei , Mi Shuai , Liu Xindan , Xue Jiangtao , Wu Shuxuan , Wang Xiangqian , Liu Qingfang , Wang Jianbo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Exchange bias (EB) has extremely important applications in spintronics, researchers have proposed various means to manipulate it. This work realizes the regulation of the EB field in Co/IrMn films sputtered on LiNbO3 substrate by the surface acoustic wave (SAW). The experimental results show that in the out-of-plane and in-plane EB of Co/IrMn films, both the coercivity and the EB field decrease with the increase of the SAW power. The dynamic strain field provided by the SAW transfer to the magnetic films changes the arrangement of the magnetic moments in the Co layer and IrMn layer, the rearrangement of magnetic moments leads to a reduction in the EB field. Our experiments provide an approach to manipulate the EB field, opening a potential avenue for manipulating antiferromagnetic moments in the future.
Tracking structural phase transitions via single crystal x-ray diffraction at extreme conditions: advantages of extremely brilliant source
Authors: Poręba Tomasz , Comboni Davide , Mezouar Mohamed , Garbarino Gaston , Hanfland Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Highly brilliant synchrotron source is indispensable to track pressure-induced phenomena in confined crystalline samples in megabar range. In this article, a number of experimental variables affecting the quality high-pressure single-crystal x-ray diffraction data is discussed. An overview of the recent advancements in x-ray diffraction techniques at extreme conditions, in the frame of European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF)- Extremely Bright Source (EBS), is presented. Particularly, ID15b and ID27 beamlines have profited from the source upgrade, allowing for measurements of a few-micron crystals in megabar range. In case of ID27, a whole new beamline has been devised, including installation of double-multilayer mirrors and double crystal monochromator and construction of custom-made experimental stations. Two case studies from ID27 and ID15b are presented. Hypervalent CsI3 crystals, studied up to 24 GPa, have shown a series of phase transitions: Pnma → P-3c1→ Pm-3 n. First transition leads to formation of orthogonal linear iodine chains made of I3
-. Transformation to the cubic phase at around 21.7 GPa leads to equalization of interatomic I–I distances and formation of homoleptic In
m- chains. The second study investigates elastic properties and structure of jadarite, which undergoes isosymmetric phase transition around 16.6 GPa. Despite a few-micron crystal size, twinning and dramatic loss of crystal quality, associated with pressure-induced phase transitions, crystal structures of both compounds have been determined in a straightforward matter, thanks to the recent developments within ESRF-EBS.
Development of a semi-empirical interatomic potential appropriate for the radiation defects in V-Ti-Ta-Nb high-entropy alloy
Authors: Qiu Rongyang , Chen Yangchun , Liao Xichuan , Lin Yeping , Dou Yankun , He Xinfu , Yang Wen , Hu Wangyu , Deng Huiqiu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) hold promise as candidate structural materials in future nuclear energy systems. Body-centred cubic V-Ti-Ta-Nb HEAs have received extensive attention due to their excellent mechanical properties. In this work, the Finnis-Sinclair interatomic potential for quaternary V-Ti-Ta-Nb HEAs has been fitted based on the defect properties obtained with the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The new potential for Nb accurately reproduces the vacancy formation energy, vacancy migration energy and interstitial formation energy. The typical radiation defect properties predicted by the alloy potential were consistent with the DFT results, including the binding energies between substitutional solute atoms, the binding energy between substitutional atoms and vacancies, and the formation energy of interstitial solute atoms. In addition, the mixing enthalpies of the alloys were also consistent with the DFT results. The present potential can also describe reasonably the collision cascade process of quaternary V-Ti-Ta-Nb HEAs.
Explicit examples of resonances for Anosov maps of the torus
Authors: Pollicott Mark , Sewell Benedict 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In (2017 Nonlinearity
30 2667–86) Slipantschuk, Bandtlow and Just gave concrete examples of Anosov diffeomorphisms of

T

2

for which their resonances could be completely described. Their approach was based on composition operators acting on analytic anisotropic Hilbert spaces. In this note we present a construction of alternative anisotropic Hilbert spaces which helps to simplify parts of their analysis and gives scope for constructing further examples.
GPU accelerated Monte Carlo scoring of positron emitting isotopes produced during proton therapy for PET verification
Authors: McNamara Keegan , Schiavi Angelo , Borys Damian , Brzezinski Karol , Gajewski Jan , Kopeć Renata , Rucinski Antoni , Skóra Tomasz , Makkar Shubhangi , Hrbacek Jan , Weber Damien C , Lomax Antony J , Winterhalter Carla 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. Verification of delivered proton therapy treatments is essential for reaping the many benefits of the modality, with the most widely proposed in vivo verification technique being the imaging of positron emitting isotopes generated in the patient during treatment using positron emission tomography (PET). The purpose of this work is to reduce the computational resources and time required for simulation of patient activation during proton therapy using the GPU accelerated Monte Carlo code FRED, and to validate the predicted activity against the widely used Monte Carlo code GATE. Approach. We implement a continuous scoring approach for the production of positron emitting isotopes within FRED version 5.59.9. We simulate treatment plans delivered to 95 head and neck patients at Centrum Cyklotronowe Bronowice using this GPU implementation, and verify the accuracy using the Monte Carlo toolkit GATE version 9.0. Main results. We report an average reduction in computational time by a factor of 50 when using a local system with 2 GPUs as opposed to a large compute cluster utilising between 200 to 700 CPU threads, enabling simulation of patient activity within an average of 2.9 min as opposed to 146 min. All simulated plans are in good agreement across the two Monte Carlo codes. The two codes agree within a maximum of 0.95σ on a voxel-by-voxel basis for the prediction of 7 different isotopes across 472 simulated fields delivered to 95 patients, with the average deviation over all fields being 6.4 × 10−3
σ. Significance. The implementation of activation calculations in the GPU accelerated Monte Carlo code FRED provides fast and reliable simulation of patient activation following proton therapy, allowing for research and development of clinical applications of range verification for this treatment modality using PET to proceed at a rapid pace.
Influence of toroidal rotation on nonlinear evolution of tearing mode in tokamak plasmas
Authors: Ren Zhenghao , Wang Feng , Cai Huishan , Liu Jinyuan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The nonlinear evolution of the tearing mode instability with toroidal rotation is investigated using a three-dimensional toroidal geometry magnetohydrodynamic code (M3D). It is found that toroidal rotation plays a significantly stable role in reducing the width of magnetic island, which is independent of the direction of toroidal rotation. Compared with the stabilizing effect in the linear phase, the stabilizing effect of toroidal rotation is much stronger in the nonlinear phase. The magnetic island is almost suppressed by large enough rotation, even though the linear growth rate is weakly reduced in the linear phase. It is observed that the flow shear has a stabilizing effect, which is significant when the rotation frequency is large. However, it is shown that the magnitude of rotation plays a dominant role in stabilizing the magnetic island when the rotation frequency is small. The Coriolis force, rather than the centrifugal force, is found to play a dominant role in stabilizing the tearing mode in the nonlinear phase. When

m

/

n
=
3

/

2

and

m

/

n
=
2

/

1

tearing modes exist simultaneously, the sheared toroidal rotation is shown to effectively suppress the overlap of magnetic islands and field stochasticity caused by the coupling of neighboring islands.
A phase-shift-periodic parallel boundary condition for low-magnetic-shear scenarios
Authors: St-Onge D A , Barnes M , Parra F I 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We formulate a generalized periodic boundary condition as a limit of the standard twist-and-shift parallel boundary condition that is suitable for simulations of plasmas with low magnetic shear. This is done by applying a phase shift in the binormal direction when crossing the parallel boundary. While this phase shift can be set to zero without loss of generality in the local flux-tube limit when employing the twist-and-shift boundary condition, we show that this is not the most general case when employing periodic parallel boundaries, and may not even be the most desirable. A non-zero phase shift can be used to avoid the convective cells that plague simulations of the three-dimensional Hasegawa–Wakatani system, and is shown to have measurable effects in periodic low-magnetic-shear gyrokinetic simulations. We propose a numerical program where a sampling of periodic simulations at random pseudo-irrational flux surfaces are used to determine physical observables in a statistical sense. This approach can serve as an alternative to applying the twist-and-shift boundary condition to low-magnetic-shear scenarios, which, while more straightforward, can be computationally demanding.