bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Heritage Diplomacy: The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) an the Western Balkans
Authors: Akilli Erman 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs the Yugoslav Wars tore the Western Balkan region, events during and after World War II did the same for the Northeast Asia region (China, Japan, and Korea). But today, through Heritage Diplomacy (HD) practice in the BRI, China promotes regional cooperation, stability, and constructive diplomatic relations. A significant part of HD is providing assistance to other countries, such as renovation/cultural heritage protection and heritage management assistance, technology transfer, capacity building, and institutional support. Thus, the Western Balkans can use the same formula as the BRI to promote and facilitate continuous cooperation, harmony, and political dialogue between states in the region.
Securitizing and De-securitizing Actors of the OSCE: The Case of the Western Balkan Region
Authors: Lamçe Eni 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe OSCE, in its capacity as the largest regional security organization worldwide, has played a pivotal role in promoting security and cooperation in the Western Balkans. This research emphasizes the role of the main actors of the OSCE debate who try to securitize and de-securitize the concerns in the Western Balkan region in the light of the Regional Security Complex Theory. It draws attention to the role that the EU, US, and the Russian Federation have played in the politico-military dimension debate, starting from 1995 when the OSCE was established until 2001 when the turmoil in the region came to an end, as well as in the human dimension debate, beginning from 2015 when Serbia was the first Western Balkan country to chair the organization until 2020 and the Albanian OSCE Chairmanship. The research argues that the two most pressing concerns during the first timeframe, where securitization from regional actors can be addressed, were in the field of arms control and border management. In contrast, in the second timeframe, which is mainly characterized by de-securitization, the attention of the main actors concerning the region is centred on democratization and rule of law.
Poverty and Ideologies: How the Welfare State Gained Political Support in Britain
Authors: Terao Hanno 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis chapter uses the method of the history of political thought to analyze the relationship between poverty and ideologies. Three major ideologies which have influenced government policies regarding poverty in modern welfare history will be analyzed: liberalism, exclusionism, and social democracy. This chapter uses the historical case of Britain in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to examine what these ideologies said about government social policy as a way of alleviating poverty, and how support for (or antagonism against) the welfare state grew therefrom. It was found that in Britain, a new version of liberal ideology that incorporated some elements of social democracy appeared and contributed to the expansion of the welfare state in the early twentieth century. From the analysis in this chapter, three conclusions can be drawn for the first goal of the SDGs. First, in order to eliminate relative poverty in developed countries, it is necessary to recognize the variety of interpretation different ideologies have given to poverty as a social problem. Second, to increase the influence of a particular ideology, consideration should be given to the path dependence of originally rooted cultural factors, for example, the strength of liberal ideology in the case of modern British politics. Third, a comprehensive discourse that spans science, philosophy, and policy is required in order to gain broad support for a particular ideology.
Toward a Partnership Based on Historical Reconciliation and Mutual Trust
Authors: Liu Jie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the age of globalization when people around the world must work together to deal with common challenges, global histories with the intention to create “global citizens” are essential. Therefore, reviewing the “new historiography” advocated by Liang Qichao and creating a “neo-new historiography” that is compatible with the age of globalization and can contribute to “reconciliation studies” and the sustainable global partnership should not be a task for China alone. The goal of no. SDGs17 is to “activate the global partnership toward sustainable development.” However, in East Asia, to establish such a partnership and make it work, it is necessary to build trust as a precondition. To build trust in this region, “history” must be overcome. However, the history of perpetration and victimization has been politicized, casting a shadow on the trust between nations and their peoples. This chapter aims to propose methods to build the global partnership by seeking solutions to the “history problem” that extends outside the realm of “historiography.”
The Historical Development of SDG4: Evolution of the Global Governance of Education
Authors: Kuroda Kazuo , Nakasato Lauren 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG4) aims to “ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all”. This chapter describes the historical development of SDG4 by tracing the history of three fundamental approaches to international education development underlying the goal: education for peace, education as a human right and education for socio-economic development. The approaches are then used to frame discussion of three prominent academic debates and perspectives in research in educational development: (1) the external and internal efficiency of education; (2) “education for development”, “educational development” and “education and development” and (3) dependency theoryand modernization theory. SDG4 is then considered within the framework of these approaches and perspectives. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the challenges and possible solutions for the realization of SDG4.
Central limit theorems for generic lattice point counting
Authors: Björklund Michael , Gorodnik Alexander 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe consider the problem of counting lattice points contained in domains in $$\mathbb {R}^d$$

R

d

defined by products of linear forms. For $$d \ge 9$$

d
≥
9

we show that the normalized discrepancies in these counting problems satisfy non-degenerate Central Limit Theorems with respect to the unique $${\text {SL}}_d(\mathbb {R})$$

SL
d

(
R
)

-invariant probability measure on the space of unimodular lattices in $$\mathbb {R}^d$$

R

d

. We also study more refined versions pertaining to “spiraling of approximations”. Our techniques are dynamical in nature and exploit effective exponential mixing of all orders for actions of diagonalizable subgroups on spaces of unimodular lattices.
Modelling and parameter identification of coefficient of friction for deep-drawing quality steel sheets using the CatBoost machine learning algorithm and neural networks
Authors: Najm Sherwan Mohammed , Trzepieciński Tomasz , Kowalik Marek 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The development of models for the coefficient of friction is difficult due to many factors influencing its value and many tribological phenomena that accompany contact between metals (i.e., flattening, ploughing, adhesion), the influence of which also depends on the friction conditions. Therefore, developing an analytical model of friction is difficult. In this article, the CatBoost machine learning algorithm, newly developed by Yandex researchers and engineers, is used for modelling and parameter identification of friction coefficients for three grades of deep-drawing quality steel sheets. Experimental tests to determine the friction coefficient were carried out using the strip drawing method with the use of a specially designed tribological device. Lubrication conditions, normal force, and the surface roughness of countersample surfaces were used as input parameters. The friction tests were conducted in dry friction and lubricated conditions with three grades of oils with a wide range of viscosities. Different transfer functions and various training algorithms were tested to build the optimal structure of the artificial neural networks. An analytical equation based on the parameters that were being investigated was created to calculate the COF of each material. Different methods of partitioning weight were employed for the expected COF to assess the relative importance (RI) and individual feature’s relevance. A Shapley decision plot, which uses cumulative Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) values, was used to depict models for predicting COF. CatBoost was able to predict the coefficient of friction with R2 values between 0.9547 and 0.9693 as an average for the training and testing dataset, depending on the grade of steel sheet. When considering all the materials that were tested, it was discovered that the Levenberg–Marquardt training algorithm performed the best in predicting the coefficient of friction.
Diffusion tensor imaging of the brain in Pompe disease
Authors: van den Dorpel Jan J. A. , Dremmen Marjolein H. G. , van der Beek Nadine A. M. E. , Rizopoulos Dimitris , van Doorn Pieter A. , van der Ploeg Ans T. , Muetzel Ryan L. , van den Hout Johanna M. P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEnzyme replacement therapy has drastically changed prospects of patients with Pompe disease, a progressive metabolic myopathy. As classic infantile patients survive due to treatment, they exhibit progressive white matter abnormalities, while brain involvement in late-onset patients is not fully elucidated. To study the underlying microstructure of white matter, we acquired structural (T1, T2, FLAIR) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the brain in 12 classic infantile patients (age 5–20 years) and 18 late-onset Pompe patients (age 11–56 years). Structural images were scored according to a rating scale for classic infantile patients. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) from classic infantile patients were compared to a reference population, using a Wilcoxon signed-rank, one sample test. Effect sizes (Hedges’ G) were used to compare DTI metrics across different tracts. For late-onset patients, results were compared to (reported) tractography data on normal aging. In classic infantile patients, we found a significant lower FA and higher MD (p < 0.01) compared to the reference population. Large-association fibers were most severely affected. Classic infantile patients with advanced white matter abnormalities on structural MRI showed the largest deviations from the reference population. FA and MD were similar for younger and older late-onset patients in large WM-association fibers. We conclude that, while no deviations from typical neurodevelopment were found in late-onset patients, classic infantile Pompe patients showed quantifiable, substantially altered white matter microstructure, which corresponded with disease stage on structural MRI. DTI holds promise to monitor therapy response in future therapies targeting the brain.
Localization of natriuretic peptide receptors A, B, and C in healthy and diseased mouse kidneys
Authors: Heinl Elena-Sofia , Broeker Katharina Anna-Elisabeth , Lehrmann Claudia , Heydn Rosmarie , Krieger Katharina , Ortmaier Katharina , Tauber Philipp , Schweda Frank 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe natriuretic peptides (NPs) ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) and BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide) mediate their widespread effects by activating the natriuretic peptide receptor-A (NPR-A), while C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) acts via natriuretic peptide receptor-B (NPR-B). NPs are removed from the circulation by internalization via the natriuretic peptide clearance receptor natriuretic peptide receptor-C (NPR-C). In addition to their well-known functions, for instance on blood pressure, all three NPs confer significant cardioprotection and renoprotection. Since neither the NP-mediated renal functions nor the renal target cells of renoprotection are completely understood, we performed systematic localization studies of NP receptors using in situ hybridization (RNAscope) in mouse kidneys. NPR-A mRNA is highly expressed in glomeruli (mainly podocytes), renal arterioles, endothelial cells of peritubular capillaries, and PDGFR-receptor β positive (PDGFR-β) interstitial cells. No NPR-A mRNA was detected by RNAscope in the tubular system. In contrast, NPR-B expression is highest in proximal tubules. NPR-C is located in glomeruli (mainly podocytes), in endothelial cells and PDGFR-β positive cells. To test for a possible regulation of NPRs in kidney diseases, their distribution was studied in adenine nephropathy. Signal intensity of NPR-A and NPR-B mRNA was reduced while their spatial distribution was unaltered compared with healthy kidneys. In contrast, NPR-C mRNA signal was markedly enhanced in cell clusters of myofibroblasts in fibrotic areas of adenine kidneys. In conclusion, the primary renal targets of ANP and BNP are glomerular, vascular, and interstitial cells but not the tubular compartment, while the CNP receptor NPR-B is highly expressed in proximal tubules. Further studies are needed to clarify the function and interplay of this specific receptor expression pattern.
The review of advances in interfacial electrochemistry in Estonia: electrochemical double layer and adsorption studies for the development of electrochemical devices
Authors: Pikma Piret , Ers Heigo , Siinor Liis , Zhao Jinfeng , Oll Ove , Romann Tavo , Grozovski Vitali , Siimenson Carolin , Väärtnõu Mart , Paalo Maarja , Härmas Riinu , Lust Karmen , Thomberg Thomas , Jänes Alar , Nerut Jaak , Jäger Rutha , Valk Peeter , Kivi Indrek , Maide Martin , Möller Priit , Kanarbik Rait , Nurk Gunnar , Lust Enn 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe electrochemistry nowadays has many faces and challenges. Although the focus has shifted from fundamental electrochemistry to applied electrochemistry, one needs to acknowledge that it is impossible to develop and design novel green energy transition devices without a comprehensive understanding of the electrochemical processes at the electrode and electrolyte interface that define the performance mechanisms. The review gives an overview of the systematic research in the field of electrochemistry in Estonia which reflects on the excellent collaboration between fundamental and applied electrochemistry.
Natural and anthropogenic factors influencing changes in peatland management in Poland
Authors: Szumińska Danuta , Czapiewski Sebastian , Sewerniak Piotr 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe main aim of this study is to identify trends in peatland management from the end of the nineteenth century to late twentieth century in the Tuchola Pinewoods (TP) located in NW Poland (young glacial zone, temperate climate). The analyses were performed based on the 1:100,000 Prussian topographic maps from the years 1876–1879 and the 1:50,000 Polish topographic maps from the years 1966–1986. A total of 744 peatlands were identified in TP (total area — 10,762 ha, 3.03% of the studied region). Smaller peatlands of up to 1–2 ha were found to be most numerous (15.32% of total number), whereas those exceeding 15 ha cover the largest area (75.42% of total area). The analysis revealed a tendency regarding land management of peatlands in the study period — large peatlands were adapted for agricultural purposes, and the smaller ones were mostly transformed into woodlands. The most important factors influencing the directions of changes in the use of peatlands include as follows: the type of use of the adjacent areas, implementation of anthropogenic drainage systems and location in a lake catchment or a catchment drained by rivers or streams. Considering that 85.7% of total peatland area had been drained by 1986, the risk arising from greenhouse gas emission from peatlands should be regarded as high.
Isolated murine skeletal muscles utilize pyruvate over glucose for oxidation
Authors: Khattri Ram B. , Puglise Jason , Ryan Terence E. , Walter Glenn A. , Merritt Matthew E. , Barton Elisabeth R. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Fuel sources for skeletal muscle tissue include carbohydrates and fatty acids, and utilization depends upon fiber type, workload, and substrate availability. The use of isotopically labeled substrate tracers combined with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) enables a deeper examination of not only utilization of substrates by a given tissue, but also their contribution to tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates.

Objectives
The goal of this study was to determine the differential utilization of substrates in isolated murine skeletal muscle, and to evaluate how isopotomer anlaysis provided insight into skeletal muscle metabolism.

Methods
Isolated C57BL/6 mouse hind limb muscles were incubated in oxygenated solution containing uniformly labeled 13C6 glucose, 13C3 pyruvate, or 13C2 acetate at room temperature. Isotopomer analysis of 13C labeled glutamate was performed on pooled extracts of isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles.

Results
Pyruvate and acetate were more avidly consumed than glucose with resultant increases in glutamate labeling in both muscle groups. Glucose incubation resulted in glutamate labeling, but with high anaplerotic flux in contrast to the labeling by pyruvate. Muscle fiber type distinctions were evident by differences in lactate enrichment and extent of substrate oxidation.

Conclusion
Isotope tracing experiments in isolated muscles reveal that pyruvate and acetate are avidly oxidized by isolated soleus and EDL muscles, whereas glucose labeling of glutamate is accompanied by high anaplerotic flux. We believe our results may set the stage for future examination of metabolic signatures of skeletal muscles from pre-clinical models of aging, type-2 diabetes and neuromuscular disease.
Integration of ICTs in teaching practices: propositions to the SAMR model
Authors: Bicalho Rute Nogueira de Morais , Coll César , Engel Anna , Lopes de Oliveira Maria Cláudia Santos 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article aims to analyze the experiences of teachers on the uses of ICTs in the development of teaching practices within the framework of a new learning ecology. We use the SAMR model to scale the levels of ICTs contributions in each practice. 116 teachers from a public educational institution in Brazil answered a questionnaire during the pandemic scenario, while conducting emergency remote teaching. Teachers declared to develop the teaching practices with the integration of ICTs at the levels of Augmentation and Modification by correspondence to the SAMR model. Based on the analyzes carried out, we propose some reflections that help to rethink this model and to understand the second-order barriers that prevent the effective integration of ICT in teachers’ practices.
Fibroossäre, riesenzellhaltige und hämatolymphoide Kieferläsionen
Authors: Fichter Andreas Maximilian , Stögbauer Fabian , Ritschl Lucas Maximilian 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) unterteilt die odontogenen und maxillofazialen Knochentumoren in gutartige und bösartige Knochen- und Knorpeltumoren, Kieferzysten, odontogene Tumoren sowie Riesenzellläsionen und Knochenzysten. Die Zuordnung dieser Entitäten stellt Radiologen wie Pathologen häufig vor Herausforderungen und gelingt meist nur in der Synopse. Neu entdeckte molekulargenetische Marker helfen, die Läsionen besser zu verstehen und zu klassifizieren, erleichtern die Diagnosefindung und bieten mögliche Ansatzpunkte für eine zielgerichtete Therapie. In diesem Beitrag werden wichtige Vertreter fibroossärer, riesenzellhaltiger und hämatolymphoider Kieferläsionen unter differenzialdiagnostischen Gesichtspunkten sowie unter Berücksichtigung neuer molekulargenetischer Marker und der aktuellen WHO-Klassifikation für Kopf-Hals-Tumoren (5. Auflage) besprochen.
Towards explainable community finding
Authors: Sadler Sophie , Greene Derek , Archambault Daniel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe detection of communities of nodes is an important task in understanding the structure of networks. Multiple approaches have been developed to tackle this problem, many of which are in common usage in real-world applications, such as in public health networks. However, clear insight into the reasoning behind the community labels produced by these algorithms is rarely provided. Drawing inspiration from the machine learning literature, we aim to provide post-hoc explanations for the outputs of these algorithms using interpretable features of the network. In this paper, we propose a model-agnostic methodology that identifies a set of informative features to help explain the output of a community finding algorithm. We apply it to three well-known algorithms, though the methodology is designed to generalise to new approaches. As well as identifying important features for a post-hoc explanation system, we report on the common features found made by the different algorithms and the differences between the approaches.
Laser-Induced Forward Transfer on Regenerative Medicine Applications
Authors: Kryou Christina , Zergioti Ioanna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo date, the ultimate goal of bioprinting is to create autologous tissue grafts for future replacement therapies through utilization of cells and biomaterials simultaneously. Bioprinting is an additive manufacturing technology that has significant potential in the biomedical field. Among the main bioprinting techniques, such as inkjet, laser and extrusion bioprinting, the laser-induced forward transfer technique (LIFT) is based on a precise nozzle-free laser-assisted cell free/cell-laden microdroplet transfer. Although this technique was first reported in the 1980s, it begun to rapidly develop in biomedicine only a decade ago. It is a promising technique due to its high spatial resolution, post-bioprinting cell viability, and the ability to deposit high-viscous biomaterials. These characteristics allow the LIFT technology to control cells precisely to engineer living tissue. In this review, we discuss LIFT technique and its applications in biomedical engineering. This advanced technology enables the precise manipulation of in vitro cellular microenvironments and the ability to engineer functional three-dimensional (3D) tissues with high complexity and heterogeneity, which serve in regenerative medicine and in vitro screening applications. The core of this review is the discussion of biological and physical aspects for tissue engineering and/or organ replacement encountered during printing specifically when utilizing the LIFT technique.