bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
All-Cause Mortality in Reproductive-Aged Females by State
Authors: Harper Lorie M. , Leach Justin M. , Robbins Lindsay , Blanchard Christina , Metz Torri D. , Mazzoni Sara , Nash Elizabeth , Szychowski Jeff 
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To estimate the association between state-level abortion legislation and all-cause mortality among all females of reproductive age and maternal, fetal, and infant mortality.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s WONDER (Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiologic Research) database. Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate the association between supportive, moderate, and restrictive state abortion regulations and all-cause mortality in reproductive-aged females. Secondary outcomes included maternal, fetal, and infant mortality. The association of the number and type of laws on mortality were estimated.

RESULTS:
Moderate and supportive states were not associated with a significant decrease in all-cause mortality compared with restrictive states. Maternal mortality (per 100,000 live births) was significantly lower in moderate (−5.79, 95% CI −9.88 to −1.70) compared with restrictive states, but not supportive states (−2.51, 95% CI −6.75 to 1.72). Infant mortality (per 1,000 live births) was significantly lower in both moderate (−0.56, 95% CI −1.09 to −0.04) and supportive (−1.10, 95% CI −1.56 to −0.64) states. Fetal mortality was lower in moderate states (−0.69, 95% CI −1.18 to −0.20) but not in supportive states (−0.64, 95% CI −1.14 to 0.13). Each additional abortion regulation was associated with an increase in maternal mortality (1.09/100,000 live births, 95% CI 0.36–1.82) and infant mortality (0.20/1,000 live births, 95% CI 0.12–0.26).

CONCLUSION:
Moderate state abortion legislation was associated with lower rates of maternal, fetal, and infant mortality but not lower all-cause mortality in reproductive-aged females compared with restrictive laws. An increasing number of laws restricting abortion was associated with increased maternal and infant mortality.
Dose Assessment Following a 238Pu Inhalation Incident at Los Alamos National Laboratory
Authors: Poudel Deepesh , Dumit Sara , Bertelli Luiz , Miller Guthrie , Macsik Zsuzsanna , Klumpp John 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A glovebox breach at the plutonium facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory potentially exposed 15 individuals to 238Pu aerosols. One of the individuals (P0) received two 1-g intravenous DTPA treatments, one on the day of the intake and another the following day. Several urine samples were collected from the individuals involved in the incident. Particle size analysis on the PPE and solubility analysis of the particles on a filter sample were conducted in vitro. The applicability of the results from the in vitro studies for dose assessment was questionable because of the effect of the cloth mask the workers were wearing for COVID-related protection. Based on several considerations, including the effect of cloth masks on the “effective” particle size inhaled and the analysis of fecal-to-urine ratio, the default Type M 1 μm AMAD model was used to estimate intakes and doses. Using the urinary excretion data collected after 100 d post last chelation treatment, the committed effective dose, E(50), for P0 was calculated to be 5.2 mSv. For all others, the bioassay data were consistent with no intakes or very small intakes [corresponding to E(50) less than 0.1 mSv].
Health Care Organization Policies for Employee Safety and COVID-19 Pandemic Response
Authors: Siddique Sundus , Rice Serena , Bhardwaj Mansi , Gore Rebecca , Coupal Haylee , Punnett Laura 
Published: November 2022

Objective
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic impacted the well-being of health care workers. We examined the association between prepandemic perceptions of perceived organizational support for safety (using NOSACQ-50), safety hazards and the pandemic's impact on individual workers and institutions.

Methods
Questionnaires from health care staff of five public health care facilities were collected in 2018 (n = 1059) and 2021 (n = 1553). In 2021, 17 workers were interviewed from the same facilities.

Results
Interviewees reported that their organizations struggled to communicate due to changing guidelines, inadequate personal protective equipment, training, and infection control, early in the pandemic. Questionnaire reports of decreased staffing and increased workload during the pandemic were associated with lower baseline NOSACQ scores.

Conclusion
Survey findings predicted some variation in organizational response to the pandemic. Better organizational policies for employee safety and pandemic planning could improve health care institutions’ preparedness.
Alcohol and cannabis consumption in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: prevalence, pattern of consumption and impact on the disease
Authors: Martinho-Grueber Maude , Kapoglou Ioannis , Bravo Francisco , Sarraj Riad , Benz Eileen , Restellini Sophie , Biedermann Luc , Rogler Gerhard , Vavricka Stephan R. , Schoepfer Alain , Maillard Michel H. , Michetti Pierre , Brunner Felix , Clair Carole , Barry Mamadou Pathe , Pittet Valérie , von Känel Roland , Juillerat Pascal 
Published: November 2022

Objectives of the study
There is little guidance regarding the impact of alcohol and cannabis on the clinical course of inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, sociodemographic characteristics and impact of alcohol and cannabis use on the clinical course of the disease.

Methods
We performed an analysis of prospectively collected data within the Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort Study with yearly follow-ups and substance-specific questionnaires. We analyzed the prevalence of use, the profile of users at risk for addiction and the impact of alcohol and cannabis on the course of the disease.

Results
We collected data of 2828 patients included between 2006 and 2018 and analyzed it according to their completion of specific surveys on alcohol and cannabis use. The prevalence of patient-reported active use was 41.3% for alcohol and 6% for cannabis. Heavy drinkers were over-represented among retired, married smokers receiving mostly aminosalicylates and less immunosuppression. In ulcerative colitis patients, low-to-moderate drinking was associated with less extensive disease. Cannabis users were often students with ileal Crohn’s disease.

Conclusion
A significant proportion of patients with inflammatory bowel disease consume alcohol or cannabis. Heavy alcohol consumption is most likely in male smokers >50 years, whereas young men with ileal disease rather use cannabis.
The prognostic role of controlling nutritional status and skeletal muscle mass in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative treatment
Authors: Tamai Yasuyuki , Iwasa Motoh , Eguchi Akiko , Shigefuku Ryuta , Sugimoto Ryosuke , Tanaka Hideaki , Kobayashi Yoshinao , Mizuno Shugo , Nakagawa Hayato 
Published: November 2022

Background
Nutritional status and skeletal muscle mass affect the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nutritional status is closely associated with skeletal muscle mass. Here, we investigate the effect of controlling preoperative nutritional status and skeletal muscle mass on the prognosis of HCC after curative treatment.

Methods
This retrospective analysis contained 181 patients who received curative treatment of HCC including liver resection or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) therapy. Nutritional status and skeletal muscle mass were evaluated prior to therapy using the controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score and psoas muscle mass index (PMI), respectively. Associations of predictor variables with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were determined using Cox proportional hazards regression and CHAID decision tree algorithm analysis.

Results
A total of 111 patients (61.3%) were determined to be of poor nutritional status and 100 patients (55.2%) had muscle mass depletion. Patients with PS 0, Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) stage 0, low CONUT score, and high PMI showed significantly better OS than those with PS 1, BCLC stage A, high CONUT score, and low PMI. Multivariate analysis indicated that a high CONUT score [hazard ratio (HR) 4.130; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.713–9.958; P < 0.01) and low PMI (HR 4.625; 95% CI, 1.704–12.549; P < 0.01) found to be useful for predicting OS in patients after curative treatment of HCC. Regarding PFS, a significant predictor was only tumor numbers in univariate analysis (HR 2.147; 95% CI, 1.350–3.414; P = 0.001). In decision tree analysis, the mortality rate was 28.8%, 12.5%, and 1.9% in patients with a high CONUT score, with a low CONUT score-low PMI, or with a low CONUT score-high PMI, respectively.

Conclusion
The combined CONUT score and PMI were found to be independent predictors of OS in HCC patients after liver resection or RFA.
MRI-to-Synthetic 3D Gel Brain: Proof-of-Concept Fabrication For Intra-Parenchymal Diffusion Studies
Authors: Ray Lawrence , Shaw Caleb , Otto Stephanie , Riviere-Cazaux Cecile , Strother Lars , Burns Terry , Khan M. Rashed 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBioprinting technologies utilize hydrogel-based biomaterials to more accurately depictin vivophysical conditions withinin vitrostudies, yet, manufacturing the human brain from soft, poroelastic hydrogels remains a fundamental challenge. Conventional manufacturing routes to fabricate hydrogel brain models using techniques, i.e., 3D printing, seems challenging. This study aims to demonstrate an inverse replica molding fabrication technique that can overcome these challenges while maintaining the complex shape of an individual subject’s brain in a miniaturized model—allowing for a more robust hydrogel model that can capture the interactions between diffusing molecules and brain boundaries. This is done by taking a subject’s magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and reconstructing the outer pial surface into a mesh surface. The mesh was then converted to an STL and printed out using an extrusion printer. A silicon mold was made from this print into which agarose was gelled. Once fully gelated, the synthetic gel brain was then carefully removed. Two infusion trials were run in the gel brain, each using a different infusion site. Then a diffusion profile was established and compared to a simple gel infusion model. The result shows different diffusion profiles at each location and between the simple and complex models. This model can better represent the interference the complex shape of the brain has on particle movement compared to simple gel models.
Refining structural models of membrane proteins with disordered domains in phospholipid nanodiscs
Authors: Pedersen Martin Cramer , Johansen Nicolai Tidemand , Roche Jennifer , Järvå Michael , Törnroth-Horsefield Susanna , Arleth Lise 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSmall-angle scattering can be used to derive structural information about membrane proteins reconstituted in suitable carrier systems enabling solubilization of the membrane proteins in question. Since the studies are done in solution, there is no need for crystallization or deposition on sample grids, and it is in principle possible to obtain structural information about intrinsically disordered regions which cannot be resolved by crystallography or the quantitative link to which is hard to establish using e.g. electron microscopy methods. In this study, tetramers of the gated spinach aquaporin SoPIP2;1 were reconstituted into nanodiscs and small-angle x-ray scattering data were recorded. From these data, we refine structural models of the entire nanodisc-membrane protein complex including the flexible regions using newly developed models based on Fast Debye sums. We introduce software for these computations available via online repositories and discuss the implications and limitations of these methods.Author summaryWhen it comes to investigating the structure and function of the proteins, a particular class of proteins are known to be cumbersome and problematic: membrane proteins that reside in the cell membrane and regulate and facilitate a number of critical biological processes. Such proteins can often not be studied by conventional means as they unravel and denature structurally or even precipitate in solution. To add insult to injury, such membrane proteins also often contain parts that are intrinsically disordered rendering them irresolvable by e.g. traditional crystallographic techniques and hard to describe structurally. Here, we present a combined computational and experimental approach (as well as the necessary software) to analyze and determine the structure of such proteins in close-to-native conditions in so-called nanodiscs, a biological carrier systems, using small-angle scattering and molecular simulations.
Purkinje cardiomyocytes of the ventricular conduction system are highly diploid but not regenerative
Authors: Watanabe Hirofumi , Tao Ge , Gan Peiheng , Westbury Baylee C. , Cox Kristie D. , Tjen Kelsey , Song Ruolan , Fishman Glenn I. , Makita Takako , Sucov Henry M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInefficiency of regeneration underlies many of the pathologies associated with heart injury and disease. Ventricular diploid cardiomyocytes (CMs) are a candidate population that may have enhanced proliferative and regenerative properties [1-3], but subpopulations of diploid CMs and their regenerative capacities are not yet known. Here, using the expression marker Cntn2-GFP and the lineage marker Etv1CreERT2, we demonstrate that peripheral ventricular conduction CMs (Purkinje CMs) are disproportionately diploid (35%, vs. 4% of bulk ventricular CMs). However, this lineage had no enhanced competence to support regeneration after adult infarction. Furthermore, the CM-specific kinase Tnni3k, which strongly influences bulk ventricular CM ploidy [3] and is also associated with conduction system defects [4], had no influence on the ploidy or organization of the ventricular conduction system. Unlike the bulk diploid CM population, a significant fraction of conduction CMs remain diploid by avoiding neonatal cell cycle activity, likely contributing to these properties.
Evaluation of real and perceived risk to health care workers caring for patients with the Omicron variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in surgery and obstetrics
Authors: Nair Chaithanya , Kozak Robert , Alavi Nasrin , Mbareche Hamza , Kung Rose C. , Murphy Kellie E. , Perruzza Darian , Jarvi Stephanie , Salvant Elsa , Ladhani Noor Niyar N. , Yee Albert J.M. , Gagnon Louise-Helene , Jenkinson Richard , Liu Grace Y. , Lee Patricia E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe Omicron variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is described as more contagious than previous variants. We sought to assess risk to healthcare workers (HCWs) caring for patients with COVID-19 in surgical/obstetrical settings, and the perception of risk amongst this group.MethodsFrom January to April, 2022, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in patient, environmental (floor, equipment, passive air) samples, and HCW’s masks (inside surface) during urgent surgery or obstetrical delivery for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The primary outcome was the proportion of HCWs’ masks testing positive. Results were compared with our previous cross-sectional study involving obstetrical/surgical patients with earlier variants (2020/21). HCWs completed a risk perception electronic questionnaire.Results11 patients were included: 3 vaginal births and 8 surgeries. 5/108 samples (5%) tested positive (SARS-CoV-2 Omicron) viral RNA: 2/5 endotracheal tubes, 1/22 floor samples, 1/4 patient masks and 1 nasal probe. No samples from the HCWs masks (0/35), surgical equipment (0/10) and air samples (0/11) tested positive. No significant differences were found between the Omicron and 2020/21 patient groups’ positivity rates (Mann-Whitney U test, p = 0.838) or the level of viral load from the nasopharyngeal swabs (p = 0.405). Nurses had a higher risk perception than physicians (p = 0.038).ConclusionNo significant difference in contamination rates were found between SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and previous variants in surgical/obstetrical settings. This is reassuring as no HCW mask was positive and no HCW tested positive for COVID-19 post-exposure.
Activation of innate immune cGAS-STING pathway contributes to Alzheimer’s pathogenesis in 5×FAD mice
Authors: Xie Xiaochun , Ma Guanqin , Li Xiaohong , Zhao Jiebin , Zhao Zhen , Zeng Jianxiong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractcGAS senses microbial and host-derived double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in cytoplasm to trigger cellular innate immune response in a STING-dependent manner. However, it remains unknown whether the cGAS-STING pathway in innate immunity contributes to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here we demonstrated the detectable binding of the cGAS-dsDNA in cytoplasm and the activation of microglial cGAS-STING pathway in brains of human AD and aged mice, suggesting a role for the cGAS-STING pathway in this neurodegenerative disease.Cgas−/−;5×FAD mice were largely protected from cognitive impairment, amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology, neuroinflammation and other sequelae associated with AD. Furthermore,Cgasdeficiency in microglia inhibited the conversion of astrocytes into neurotoxic A1 phenotype, and thus alleviated oligomeric Aβ peptides-induced neuronal toxicity. Finally, administration of STING inhibitor H-151 potently suppressed the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway and ameliorated AD pathogenesis in 5×FAD mouse model. In conclusion, our present study has identified a critical molecular link between innate immunity and AD, and suggests that therapeutic targeting of the cGAS-STING pathway activity might effectively interfere with the progression of AD.
High-Resolution EEG Source Reconstruction with Boundary Element Fast Multipole Method Using Reciprocity Principle and TES Forward Model Matrix
Authors: Wartman William A. , Raij Tommi , Rachh Manas , Lin Fa-Hsuan , Weise Konstantin , Knoesche Thomas , Maess Burkhard , Wolters Carsten H. , Hämäläinen Matti , Nummenmaa Aapo R. , Makaroff Sergey N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAccurate high-resolution EEG source reconstruction (localization) is important for several tasks, including rigorous and rapid mental health screening.ObjectiveThe present study has developed, validated, and applied a new source localization algorithm utilizing a charge-based boundary element fast multipole method (BEM-FMM) coupled with the Helmholtz reciprocity principle and the transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) forward solution.MethodsThe unknown cortical dipole density is reconstructed over the entire cortical surface by expanding into global basis functions in the form of cortical fields of active TES electrode pairs. These pairs are constructed from the reading electrodes. An analog of the minimum norm estimation (MNE) equation is obtained after substituting this expansion into the reciprocity principle written in terms of measured electrode voltages. Delaunay (geometrically balanced) triangulation of the electrode cap is introduced first. Basis functions for all electrode pairs connected by the edges of a triangular mesh are precomputed and stored in memory. A smaller set of independent basis functions is then selected and employed at every time instant. This set is based on the highest voltage differences measured.ResultsThe method is validated against the classic, yet challenging problem of median nerve stimulation and the tangential cortical sources located at the posterior wall of the central sulcus for an N20/P20 peak (2 scanned subjects). The method is further applied to perform source reconstruction of synthesized tangential cortical sources located at the posterior wall of the central sulcus (12 different subjects). In the second case, an average source reconstruction error of 7 mm is reported for the best possible noiseless scenario.ConclusionsOnce static preprocessing with TES electrodes has been done (the basis functions have been computed), our method requires fractions of a second to complete the accurate high-resolution source localization.
Intracellular BAPTA directly inhibits PFKFB3, thereby impeding mTORC1-driven Mcl-1 translation and killing Mcl-1-addicted cancer cells
Authors: Sneyers Flore , Kerkhofs Martijn , Welkenhuyzen Kirsten , Speelman-Rooms Femke , Shemy Ahmed , Voet Arnout , Eelen Guy , Dewerchin Mieke , Tait Stephen W. , Ghesquière Bart , Bootman Martin D. , Bultynck Geert 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntracellular Ca2+signals control several physiological and pathophysiological processes. The main tool to chelate intracellular Ca2+is intracellular BAPTA (BAPTAi), usually introduced into cells as a membrane-permeant acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM). We previously demonstrated that BAPTAienhanced apoptosis induced by venetoclax, a Bcl-2 antagonist, in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). These findings implied a novel interplay between intracellular Ca2+signaling and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 function. Hence, we set out to identify the underlying mechanisms by which BAPTAienhances cell death in B-cell cancers. In this study, we observed that BAPTAialone induced apoptosis in lymphoma cell models that were highly sensitive to S63845, an Mcl-1 antagonist. BAPTAiprovoked a rapid decline in Mcl-1 protein levels by inhibiting mTORC1-drivenMCL-1translation. Overexpression of nondegradable Mcl-1 rescued BAPTAi-induced cell death. We further examined how BAPTAidiminished mTORC1 activity and found that BAPTAiimpaired glycolysis by directly inhibiting 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) activity, an up to now unkown effect of BAPTAi. All aforementioned effects of BAPTAiwere also elicited by a BAPTAianalog with low affinity for Ca2+. Thus, our work reveals PFKFB3 inhibition as an unappreciated Ca2+-independent mechanism by which BAPTAiimpairs cellular metabolism and ultimately the survival of Mcl-1-dependent cancer cells. Our work has two important implications. First, direct inhibition of PFKFB3 emerged as a key regulator of mTORC1 activity and a promising target in the treatment of Mcl-1-dependent cancers. Second, cellular effects caused by BAPTAiare not necessarily related to Ca2+signaling. Our data support the need for a reassessment of the role of Ca2+in cellular processes when findings were based on the use of BAPTAi.
IL-6 suppresses vaccine responses in neonatal mice by enhancing IL-2 activity on T follicular helper cells
Authors: Parvathaneni Swetha , Yang Jiyeon , Lotspeich-Cole Leda , Sakai Jiro , Lee Robert C , Akkoyunlu Mustafa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe inability of neonates to develop CD4+CXCR5+PD−1+T follicular helper (TFH) cells contributes to their weak vaccine responses. In adult mice, IL-6 promotes TFH-cell expansion by suppressing the expression of IL-2Rβ on TFHcells. Here, we found a totally opposite role for IL-6 in neonatal mice TFHresponse. Whereas co-injection of neonatal mice with IL-6 and a conjugate polysaccharide vaccine suppressed TFHresponse by increasing the production of IL-2 and expression of IL-2Rα and IL-2Rβ on TFHcells, immunization of IL-6 knock-out neonatal mice led to improved antibody responses accompanied by expanded TFHcells as well as lower levels of IL-2 and IL-2 receptors on TFHcells. Moreover, CpG containing vaccine improved TFHresponse in neonates while suppressing the expression of IL-2 receptors on TFHcells, suggesting that CpG protects TFHcells by inhibiting IL-2 activity. These findings unveil age specific differences in IL-6 mediated vaccine responses and highlight the need to consider age related immunobiological attributes in designing vaccines.