bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decolonizing History
Authors: Harrison Olivia C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe borders between North and South quickly erode when we study the history of anti-colonial revolutions. This is perhaps especially true of France, where the Palestinian revolution has been a rallying cry in the struggle for migrant rights for the past half century. This article investigates the reactivation of anti-colonialism in the postcolonial era, tracing the decades-long “postcolonial anti-colonial” movements born in migrant circles in France, from the 1970s to the present. What happens to the notion of anti-colonial revolution when it is brought back to the metropole? How does it change when it is brought to bear on the migrant question? First posed by the Palestine committees forged by migrant workers, foreign students, and Maoist militants in the wake of the September 1970 massacre of Palestinians in Jordan, these questions have shaped discourses around migrant rights in France for the past fifty years. In conclusion, this article revisits the archive of the migrant theater collective Al Assifa as it is remediated in Bouchra Khalili's 2017 film The Tempest Society, and speculates on the current place of migration in world historical discourses of decolonization.
Worldly Marxism
Authors: Ali Noaman G. , Raza Shozab 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
How can Marxism, a theory and practice that emerged from the European experience, speak to contexts outside that experience? Recent scholarship has returned to the moment of the 1960s and 1970s to examine how political movements in the global South that embraced Marxism grappled with this question, aiming to reformulate Marxist theories and categories of analysis for postcolonial realities. Whereas this scholarship focuses on the writings of intellectuals, in this article, the authors supplement prose with oral history and ethnography to also identify the theory immanent in practice. They show how the translation of Marxist theory for political practice in the peripheries instantiated what the authors call a worldly Marxism: that is, a Marxism that is constantly renewed as it exceeds its origins in Europe and attends to the specificities of settler-colonies, (post-)colonies and metropoles. Worldly Marxism thus entails theorizing in the conjuncture, that is, from a particular historical moment, and involves arranging multiple conceptual elements to clarify and understand the political task at hand. The authors illustrate how such worldly Marxism was produced in Pakistan by examining the Mazdoor Kisan Party (MKP), the country's historically largest communist party, as it engaged with agrarian transitions, religion, and gender.
Alternative Histories of Global Sovereignty
Authors: Shipley Jesse Weaver 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Between 1979 and 1983 soldiers, workers, and students in Ghana launched a revolution to destroy the neo-imperial order. In the Ghanaian historical imagination that era is not remembered for its radical populism but as a time of violent chaos before the nation-state followed the road to purported neoliberal stability. The sudden rise and fall of revolutionary Ghana reveals both the possibility of alternative modes of political power in Africa and how these forms have been contained through both violence and the control of representational practices. In the contemporary moment, it is hard to theorize alternate ideas of freedom and political difference. If we start a study of twentieth-century revolution with a coup d’état in 1979 Accra, Ghana—rather than student upheavals in 1968 Paris, for example—it reorients our understanding of power by showing how young radicals sought an African-grounded sovereignty, an alternate future now forgotten.
Highest Achievable Outcomes for Patients Undergoing Cervical Deformity Corrective Surgery by Frailty
Authors: Passias Peter G. , Kummer Nicholas , Williamson Tyler K. , Moattari Kevin , Lafage Virginie , Lafage Renaud , Kim Han Jo , Daniels Alan H. , Gum Jeffrey L. , Diebo Bassel G. , Protopsaltis Themistocles S. , Mundis Gregory M. , Eastlack Robert K. , Soroceanu Alexandra , Scheer Justin K. , Hamilton D. Kojo , Klineberg Eric O. , Line Breton , Hart Robert A. , Burton Douglas C. , Mummaneni Praveen , Chou Dean , Park Paul , Schwab Frank J. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Bess Shay , Ames Christopher P. , Smith Justin S. 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:
Frailty is influential in determining operative outcomes, including complications, in patients with cervical deformity (CD).

OBJECTIVE:
To assess whether frailty status limits the highest achievable outcomes of patients with CD.

METHODS:
Adult patients with CD with 2-year (2Y) data included. Frailty stratification: not frail (NF) <0.2, frail (F) 0.2 to 0.4, and severely frail (SF) >0.4. Analysis of covariance established estimated marginal means based on age, invasiveness, and baseline deformity, for improvement, deterioration, or maintenance in Neck Disability Index (NDI), Modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA), and Numerical Rating Scale Neck Pain.

RESULTS:
One hundred twenty-six patients with CD included 29 NF, 83 F, and 14 SF. The NF group had the highest rates of deterioration and lowest rates of improvement in cervical Sagittal Vertical Axis and horizontal gaze modifiers. Two-year improvements in NDI by frailty: NF: −11.2, F: −16.9, and SF: −14.6 (P = .524). The top quartile of NF patients also had the lowest 1-year (1Y) NDI (7.0) compared with F (11.0) and SF (40.5). Between 1Y and 2Y, 7.9% of patients deteriorated in NDI, 71.1% maintained, and 21.1% improved. Between 1Y and 2Y, SF had the highest rate of improvement (42%), while NF had the highest rate of deterioration (18.5%).

CONCLUSION:
Although frail patients improved more often by 1Y, SF patients achieve most of their clinical improvement between 1 and 2Y. Frailty is associated with factors such as osteoporosis, poor alignment, neurological status, sarcopenia, and other medical comorbidities. Similarly, clinical outcomes can be affected by many factors (fusion status, number of pain generators within treated levels, integrity of soft tissues and bone, and deformity correction). Although accounting for such factors will ultimately determine whether frailty alone is an independent risk factor, these preliminary findings may suggest that frailty status affects the clinical outcomes and improvement after CD surgery.
Targeted Temperature Management for Severe Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Using Endovascular and Surface Cooling Systems: A Nonrandomized Interventional Study Using Historical Control
Authors: Kobata Hitoshi , Tucker Adam , Sarapuddin Gemmalynn , Sugie Akira , Negoro Takayoshi , Kawakami Makiko , Tada Kenji 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:
Although targeted temperature management (TTM) may mitigate brain injury for severe subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), rebound fever correlates with poor outcomes.

OBJECTIVE:
To study the effect of endovascular TTM after rewarming from initial surface cooling during a high-risk period for delayed cerebral ischemia.

METHODS:
We studied patients with World Federation of Neurological Surgeons grade V SAH before and after the introduction of endovascular TTM. Both groups (36 patients each) were treated with TTM at 34 °C with conventional surface cooling immediately after SAH diagnosis, together with emergency aneurysm repair. When rewarmed to 36 °C, around 7 days later, the study group underwent TTM at 36 to 38 °C for 7 days with an endovascular cooling system. The control group was treated with antipyretics.

RESULTS:
Sex, age, Glasgow Coma Scale score, modified Fisher computed tomography classification, aneurysm location, and treatment methods were not different between the study and control groups. Differences were detected in the incidence of fever >38 °C (13 vs 26 patients, P = .0021), duration of fever >38 °C (4.1 vs 18.8 hours, P = .0021), incidence of vasospasm-related cerebral infarction (17% vs 42%, P = .037), and the likelihood of excellent outcomes (0 and 1 on a modified Rankin Scale) at 6 months (42% vs 17%, P = .037). In endovascular TTM, shivering occurred more frequently in patients with better outcomes, requiring aggressive treatment to avoid fever.

CONCLUSION:
Endovascular TTM at 36 to 38 °C after surface cooling was feasible and safely performed in patients with severe SAH. Combined TTM for 2 weeks was associated with a lower incidence of vasospasm-related infarction and may improve outcomes.
Designing of Praseodymium Oxide Nanoparticle-Based Photoluminescent Composite Films Using Polyurethane Matrix
Authors: Miyazaki Hidetoshi , Yamada Katsumi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Praseodymium oxide nanoparticle-embedded composite films were prepared using praseodymium nitrate and transparent urethane resin. The prepared films were further irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light, and subsequently, their microstructure and optical properties were investigated. The color of the composite films turned from pale green (close to the precursor color) to reddish brown owing to UV irradiation. Pr6O11 particles were found to be present in the obtained films, and the particle size in the films increased upon increasing the UV irradiation time. The films obtained after UV irradiation showed absorption peaks at 444, 468, 483, 592, and 1020 nm, which were attributed to 3H4→3P2, 3P1, 3P0, 1D2, and 1G4, respectively, corresponding to the 4f-4f transition of Pr3+. The composite films exhibited photoluminescence with a peak at 605 nm corresponding to the 1D2→3H4 transition of Pr3+ up on excitation with 444 nm light.
Portal vein aneurysm, a pathological entity or an innocent bystander? A review of six cases
Authors: Majeed Nada , Bannan Badr , Ahmad Niaz , Zia Zergham , Ashour Majed 
Published: September 2022

Portal venous aneurysms (PVAs) are a rare venous aneurysms. The mean diameter of a healthy portal vein varies considerably, with maximum diameter of 15 mm in healthy subjects and 19 mm in cirrhotic patients. The presentation varies; they could come with abdominal pain or more often as an incident imaging finding. Although risk factors like portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis have been highlighted, the aetiology remains to be clarified. PVA may be associated with various complications: thrombosis, aneurysmal rupture, inferior vena cava obstruction or duodenal compression. A conservative treatment showed satisfying clinical and radiological response, however, surgical and endovascular options can be considered. The aetiology and the mechanism of formation of PVA remain ill-defined. We aimed to use the small cohort of cases to define the distribution and radiological features of PVA and not for determining its prevalence or details of management. We retrospectively reviewed six cases from our institution (King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah) with variable presentations, complications and outcomes. Our review revealed that portal venous system aneurysms were mostly incidental, single, not gender- or age-specific and were frequently (66%) intrahepatic. Main portal vein was involved in three cases and splenic vein in only one case. Most of the portal venous system aneurysms were fusiform in configuration. Although PVAs are rare, more cases are detected through imaging. Hepatobiliary surgeons, gastroenterologists and radiologists should be aware of this entity, as it can have a wide variety of clinical spectrum. Our review and the limited evidence in published literature suggest that an individualised multidisciplinary team approach should be adopted to decide the best management and outcomes for each patient.
Evidence of possible lower limb amputation in a tomb in an ancient Egyptian necropolis: the case report of an on-site radiographic analysis
Authors: Messina Carmelo , Abd El-Moneim Said Mahmoud , Pozzi Massimiliana , Tomaino Alice , Biehler-Gomez Lucie , Cummaudo Marco , Cattaneo Cristina , Piacentini Patrizia 
Published: September 2022

Objective: Despite the existing literature, the use of surgery to treat medical diseases in Ancient Egypt remains controversial. Regarding amputations, such procedures were performed in Egypt for therapeutic reasons, although they were never described in medical papyri. Here, we present the radiographic study of a possible lower limb amputation found in a recently discovered tomb in Aswan, Egypt. Methods: The necropolis is located on the west bank of the Nile, around the Mausoleum of the Aga Khan III. Around 45 mummies were found in the tomb, along with more than 400 mixed bones of adults and subadults. Radiographic analyses were carried out directly on-site in the proximity of the tomb using a digital portable device. Among the mixed bones, we found a mature right femur with evidence of mid-diaphyseal bone interruption and exuberant reparative callus at the broken stump with woven periosteal new bone, indicating a recent and active healing process at the time of death. The X-ray study confirmed the presence of a mid-diaphyseal transverse fracture, highlighting the relatively sharp margins which were suggestive of a transverse cut at this point. A slightly radiopaque bone callus was visible as osseous spurs with circumferential and proximal directions; the exuberant bone callus revealed an ante-mortem trauma, suggesting the hypothesis of certain types of amputation. The X-ray showed no clear signs of other bone diseases or advanced taphonomic processes. Among the commingled remains, we also found the mature distal epiphysis of a right femur with radiographic evidence of extensive bone remodeling at the proximal broken stump. However, we cannot ascertain that these two femoral pieces corresponded to the same individual. Conclusions: Further studies will better clarify the causes of the bony lesion, which may be related to possible amputation of fracture from high-force blunt trauma. At present, the most likely cause relies on interpersonal violence, accidental occupation trauma and/or therapeutic treatment. Our report highlights how conventional radiology can still provide important results in the field of paleopathology, thanks to the possibility of using portable radiological devices directly on archaeological sites, thus overcoming technical difficulties in transporting bone mummified remains.
27 YEARS OF CARDIAC SURGERY IN AFRICA, The experience of La Chaîne de l’Espoir
Authors: CHAUVAUD SYLVAIN 
Published: September 2022

Pediatric cardiac surgery is challenging in low incombe countries such as in Africa. La Chaîne de l'Espoir is a french NGO devoted to health care of poor and sick children.
This article presents the actions La Chaîne de l'Espoir. It introduces in particular the transfer to France system of sick children from developing countries for surgical care, the growing tele-expertise program in cardiac ultrasound, as well as the main stages of the activity in Africa since the creation of the NGO involving seven centers allocated in different countries of the continent.
Diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders – a review of the scientific literature
Authors: Pawłowski Piotr , Brodowski Wojciech , Borowik Joanna , Swora Aleksandra , Sygacz Oliwer , Żelazny Przemysław , Filipczak Joanna , Dankiewicz Sara , Bróż Sebastian , Basta-Arciszewska Katarzyna 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Unambiguous definition of mental disorders is difficult, mainly because of the heterogeneity of this group of diseases and the clarity of the line between pathology and normal. The definition proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) is widely accepted. In practice, definitions from the legislation of a country are also important.
Aim of the work: The purpose of this study is to discuss the basic issues of diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders.
Material and method: A method of non-systematic literature review from databases such as scientific Google Scholar, PubMed, CinalHl, Scopus, Arianta, Web of Science was used.
Results and conclusions: In the treatment of mental disorders, I use pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. Psychopharmaceuticals are divided into several groups depending on their mechanism of action. Their selection depends mainly on the diagnosed disease entity and tolerance to treatment. The most widely used group of drugs is the group of non-selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Non-pharmacological methods include psychotherapy, electroconvulsive therapy, deep brain stimulation, and psychosurgery.
Option Trading Activity, News Releases, and Stock Return Predictability
Authors: Weinbaum David , Fodor Andrew , Muravyev Dmitriy , Cremers Martijn 
Published: September 2022

We examine which categories of option trading volume carry information about future stock prices around corporate news announcements. We predict and find that purchases of options are informative on news days and ahead of unscheduled events but not before scheduled events, and sales of options predict returns only ahead of scheduled news releases. Therefore, although the arrival of new information is an important reason why option volume predicts stock returns, this relation depends on whether the information is scheduled or unscheduled because only the former affects volatility and thus option prices. We also study how trading costs and margin costs affect ex post profitability around news. This paper was accepted by Karl Diether, finance. Funding: D. Weinbaum gratefully acknowledges research support from the Harris Fellowship in Finance. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4543 .
Procurement Mechanisms with Post-Auction Pre-Award Cost-Reduction Investigations
Authors: Chen Qi (George) , Beil Damian R. , Duenyas Izak 
Published: September 2022

Integrating Cost Reduction and Supplier Selection Activities Manufacturers who outsource production may find ways to reduce suppliers’ cost to lower the contract price. Conventionally, this is done after supplier selection. However, in practice, a sizable portion of the degree to which the manufacturer can help a supplier reduce cost could be learned before the supplier starts production. This opens up a possibility to better integrate supplier selection and cost-reduction activities. In “Procurement Mechanisms with Postauction Preaward Cost-Reduction Investigations,” Chen, Beil, and Duenyas explore an alternative procurement process wherein, after suppliers’ initial pricing bids are collected, the manufacturer investigates suppliers’ cost-saving potential and then leverages this information to select the contract winner. They provide analytical and numerical evidence that this integrated procurement process not only helps the manufacturers reduce cost significantly, but also benefits the suppliers in many plausible scenarios.
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB): a review for the prehospital clinician
Authors: Welch Théo 
Published: September 2022

Background: Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a depressant of the central nervous system with euphoric effects. It is being increasingly used recreationally in the UK, despite associated morbidity and mortality. Because evidence is lacking, health professionals remain unsure as to the optimum management of GHB acute toxicity. Methods: A literature review was undertaken on GHB pharmacology and the emergency management of its acute toxicity. Findings: GHB is inexpensive and readily available over the internet. Treatment of GHB acute toxicity is supportive. Clinicians should pay attention to the airway as emesis is common. Mechanical ventilation is required in a minority of cases. Polydrug use is common and worsens prognosis. Conclusion: GHB is an inexpensive and readily available drug, and acute toxicity can be difficult to identify and treat. GHB acute toxicity is generally treated conservatively. Further research is needed to ascertain the indications for and the benefits and risks of intubating patients with GHB acute toxicity.
Predicting the effects of defocus blur on contrast sensitivity with a
model-based metric of retinal image quality
Authors: Leroux Charles , Fontvieille Christophe , Leahy Conor , Marc Isabelle , Bardin Fabrice 
Published: September 2022

We measure the effect of defocus blur on contrast sensitivity with Sloan letters in the 0.75–2.00 arc min range of letter gaps. We compare our results with the prediction of the Dalimier and Dainty model [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 25, 2078 (2008)JOAOD60740-323210.1364/JOSAA.25.002078] and propose a new metric of retinal image quality that we define as the model limit for very small letters. The contrast sensitivity is measured for computationally blurred Sloan letters (0, 0.25, and 0.50 diopters for a 3 mm pupil) of different sizes (20/40 to 20/15 visual acuity), and subjects look through a small (2 mm) diaphragm to limit the impact of their own aberration on measurements. Measurements and model predictions, which are normalized by the blur-free condition, weakly depend on letter size and are in good agreement with our metric of retinal image quality. Our metric relates two approaches of modeling visual performance: complete modeling of the optotype classification task and calculation of retinal image quality with a descriptive metric.
Analytic solutions to closed and eclipsing aperture Z-scan power transmission: erratum
Authors: Jaatinen Esa , Namarathne Dinithi , Donaldson Robert 
Published: September 2022

In our paper J. Opt.
Soc. Am. B 39, 1130
(2022)JOBPDE0740-322410.1364/JOSAB.451595 there are
typographical mistakes and omissions in four mathematical expressions
that appear in Section 2.A of the published paper. This erratum
corrects those errors to allow the normalized power transmission to be
calculated correctly.