bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recovery of Ti from titanium white waste acid with N1923 extraction and leaching of low‐grade pyrolusite using raffinate
Authors: Ju Jinrong , Feng Yali , Li Haoran 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTitanium dioxide industry produces a large amount of titanium white waste acid every year. In this work, to make full use of and recover valuable components in titanium white waste acid, a processing for recovery of Ti from titanium white waste acid with N1923 extraction and leaching of low‐grade pyrolusite using raffinate was proposed. After a two‐stage countercurrent extraction, 99.93% Ti was extracted, while 6.51% Fe, .11% Mg, .06% Mn, and .08% Al were co‐extracted under N1923 concentration of 25% and phase ratio (O/A) of 2/1. The scrubbing efficiency of iron reached 98.53%, while the loss efficiency of titanium was only .94% with 1.5 mol/L sulfuric acid solution under the phase ratio of 1/1. Then, the Ti‐loaded organic phase could be effectively stripped by .8 mol/L ammonia water; the single‐stage stripping efficiency of titanium was 99.23%. Subsequently, the raffinate could be used for the extraction of manganese from low‐grade pyrolusite. The leaching efficiency of manganese was 99.39% at the S/L ratio of 48.00 g/L, leaching temperature of 50°C, and leaching time of 40 min. In addition, thermodynamic calculations revealed that the titanium extraction process by N1923 from titanium white waste acid was an exothermic reaction. The proposed approach is suitable for co‐recovery of titanium from titanium white waste acid and manganese from low‐grade pyrolusite.
Analysis of a multifaceted interactive pedagogy program in an upper limb anatomy course: A time series study
Authors: Bellier Alexandre , Kaladzé Noémie , Rabattu Pierre‐Yves , Chaffanjon Philippe C. , Cavalié Guillaume 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMany new methods have contributed to the learning of anatomy, including several interactive methods, increasing the effectiveness of educational programs. The effectiveness of an educational program involving several interactive learning methods such as problem‐based learning and reciprocal peer teaching was researched in this study. A quasi‐experimental before–after study on three consecutive groups of second‐year students at the Grenoble School of Medicine was conducted. The lectures were replaced by an educational program based on the problem‐based learning method and reciprocal peer teaching. The first session was dedicated to reading clinical cases illustrating the medical concept, so that the learning objectives for the second session could be set. Then, after viewing digital courses, the second session was dedicated to a synthetic presentation by the students themselves, followed by an interactive summary with the teacher. The analysis of 630 students showed a significant increase in the theory test results for those who took part in the intervention: 9.71 versus 9.19 (β = 0.57, P = 0.036). Moreover, satisfaction was high after the intervention (mean = 4.5/5), and when comparing the two pedagogical approaches the students showed a clear preference for the program implemented with the concepts highlighted such as interactivity, in‐depth work, group work, and autonomy. A multifaceted interactive pedagogy program could have a significant impact on the results of the theoretical concepts presented and on satisfaction as well as increased investment by students in learning anatomy.
Trajectory control and vibration suppression of rigid‐flexible parallel robot based on singular perturbation method
Authors: Zheng Kunming , Zhang Qiuju , Zeng Shuisheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTo accurately, stably, and efficiently control the complex rigid‐flexible coupled robot, this paper takes Delta robot as the study object and decomposes it into slow subsystem and fast subsystem in different timescales by using singular perturbation principle, which the slow subsystem representing the rigid motion and the fast subsystem representing flexible vibration. In addition, the backstepping control system is designed for the slow subsystem, and the dynamic surface control system based on K‐observer is designed for the fast subsystem, and the overall control scheme is proposed by combining the backstepping control system and the dynamic surface control system, and the stability of the proposed overall control scheme is proven. Finally, the proposed control scheme is compared with proportional derivative control and trajectory control with workspace lattices, and the related experimental results are analyzed in details.
Bendable Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Hybrid Energy Storage Device Using Poly(4,4’‐thiodianiline)‐Modified Nanoporous Carbon Cathode
Authors: Xin Tuo , Xu Qiuju , Yuan Xiangcheng , Zhang Qi , Liu Meinan , Liu Jinzhang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Zn2+ based battery systems have attracted considerable interest because of the bivalent ions as charge carriers and merits of Zn anode. Herein, we demonstrate a Zn‐ion hybrid energy storage device consisting of a Zn anode and a cathode made of poly(4,4’‐thiodianiline)‐coated activated carbon (AC). This redox‐active polymer that is electrodeposited onto nanoporous AC granules has the function of boosting the energy storage capacity, reaching 181.3 mAh g−1. The Zn‐ion cell exhibits good cycling stability, as the capacity retention is 83 % after 5000 cycles. Aqueous electrolytes using different zinc salts are prepared and their influences on the formation of byproducts and cycling stability of the cell are investigated. The charge/discharge mechanism of the polymer cathode is discussed in detail. Moreover, for practical applications, bending tests are performed on the flexible Zn‐ion cell, and it remains stable capacity when being repeatedly bent.
Upgrading the Performance and Stability of Lithium, Manganese‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes with Combined‐Formic Acid and Spinel Coating Treatment
Authors: Vanaphuti Panawan , Azhari Luqman , Ma Xiaotu , Liu Yangtao , Hou Jiahui , Tompsett Geoffrey A. , Yang Zhenzhen , Wang Yan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractImproving sluggish rate performance and cycling stability of Li, Mn‐rich cathode materials (LMR) is of great importance for practical implementation. Here, dual surface modification on LMR particles with formic acid washing and spinel coating improves the electrochemical performance. Dilute formic acid can remove the Li2CO3 surface impurities and selectively reduce Ni while significantly increasing specific surface area by ∼32 %, unlocking more electrochemically active surfaces. Spinel coating enhances cycle stability by suppressing detrimental side reactions at electrode‐electrolyte interfaces at high voltage. Post‐annealing temperature was found to significantly affect the cathode performance. Higher temperature favors diffusion of transition metal (TM)/Li ions of the spinel coating from surface to the bulk, removing the coating by possible reconstruction into the layered structure and thus degrading the performance. The spinel coating also appears to increase Co3+ segregation on the particle surface. Compared to the original material, the optimized sample demonstrates 47 % higher capacity retention at 3C and retains 89 % of initial capacity after 150 cycles at 0.5C. Besides, the specific energy density of 523 Wh kg−1 can be attained after 150 cycles at 0.5C. Moreover, the post‐cycling analysis of modified sample verifies a better structural integrity with less particle cracking. Altogether, this study portrays an alternative strategy to overcome the shortcomings of LMR cathode materials.
Spectrofluorimetric determination of magnesium ions in water, ampoule, and suspension samples using a fluorescent azothiazol‐benzenesulfonamide derivative
Authors: Badr Zaki , Abdel‐Lateef Mohamed A. , Gomaa Hassanien , Abdelmottaleb Mohamed , Taher Mahmoud 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this study, a fluorescence azothiazol‐benzenesulfonamide derivative (M‐sensor) was prepared for the determination of Mg2+ ions in different samples. The utilized M‐sensor exhibited an emission fluorescence activity at 587 nm upon excitation at 537 nm. The developed method was based on the quenching effect of Mg2+ ions on the fluorescence intensity of the M‐sensor with the above‐mentioned fluorescence features. Furthermore, the utilized M‐sensor was complexed with Mg2+ ions in the molar ratio of 1:1 (Mg2+ to M‐sensor) and the selectivity of M‐sensor toward Mg2+ against other metals ions, and the reversibility and reusability of the sensor were studied and verified. After optimization of the fluorometric detection, the quenching effect was directly proportional to the increase in the concentration of Mg2+ in the linear range 100–600 ng ml−1 with a limit of detection value of 18 ng ml−1. The fluorescence sensor was successfully applied with good recovery for the determination of Mg2+ in water samples and different pharmaceutical samples (ampoules and suspension) without any interference from aluminium.
Penetration of C60 into lung surfactant membranes: Molecular dynamics simulation studies
Authors: Hyun Jiyeon , Chang Rakwoo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe performed molecular dynamics simulations of the systems consisting of C60 molecules and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) monolayer membranes to study the penetration of C60 into lung surfactant (LS) membranes. The potential of mean force of the C60 penetration through the LS membrane was calculated as a function of the distance of a C60 molecule from the DPPC monolayer membrane. The free energy minimum of around 43 kcal/mol is located in the DPPC tail region, indicating that the C60 molecules can accumulate in the LS membrane region. The energy decomposition shows the main driving force of the C60 accumulation in the lipid tail region is the van der Waals interaction with the hydrocarbon tails of DPPC lipids. Finally, we observed that the water evaporation rate can be significantly enhanced by the accumulation of C60 molecules in the membrane tail region.
Enhancing entrepreneurial opportunity recognition: Relationships among green innovative capability, green relational capability, and co‐innovation behavior
Authors: Chang Ching‐Hsun , Shih Meng‐Yi , Peng Hsin‐Ju 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis empirical study tests hypotheses using a questionnaire survey to explore the positive effect of green innovative capability and green relational capability on entrepreneurial opportunity recognition through the mediator, co‐innovation behavior, in Taiwanese manufacturing companies. Co‐innovation behavior functioned as a partial mediator. A total of 169 valid questionnaires were retrieved. Overall, the sample size of the green project duration of fewer than 3 years was 92 and that of the green project duration of 3 years or more group was 77. Companies implementing green projects for more than 3 years obtained considerable improvements in their green innovative capability, green relational capability, co‐innovation behavior, and entrepreneurial opportunity recognition. The findings indicate that Taiwanese manufacturing companies should cultivate their green innovative and green relational capabilities, which can enhance entrepreneurial opportunity recognition through mediation by co‐innovation behavior.
The impact of pulmonary hypertension on outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve replacement in mitral annular calcification
Authors: Cajigas Hector R. , Kaptzan Tatiana , Lewis Bradley , El‐Sabbagh Abdallah , Al‐Hijji Mohammed , Eleid Mackram , Alkhouli Mohamad , Wang Dee Dee , Eng Marvin , Kodali Susheel , George Isaac , Chakravarty Tarun , Pershad Ashish , O'Hair Daniel , Jones Noah , Makkar Raj , Reisman Mark , Leon Martin , O'Neill William , Rihal Charanjit , Guerrero Mayra 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the impact of pulmonary hypertension (PH) on outcomes of patients with severe mitral annular calcification (MAC) undergoing transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR).BackgroundPH is associated with poor outcomes after mitral valve surgery. Whether the presence of PH in patients with MAC undergoing (TMVR) is associated with poor outcomes, is unknown.MethodsRetrospective evaluation of 116 patients from 51 centers in 11 countries who underwent TMVR with valve in mitral annular calcification (ViMAC) using balloon‐expandable aortic transcatheter valves (THVs) from September 2012 to March 2017. Pulmonary artery systolic blood pressure (PASP) by echocardiogram was available in 90 patients. The subjects were stratified based on PASP: No PH = PASP ≤35 mmHg (n = 11); mild to moderate PH = PASP 36–49 mmHg (n = 21) and severe PH = PASP ≥50 mmHg (n = 58). Clinical, procedural, and echocardiographic outcomes were assessed.ResultsMean age was 72.7 (±12.8) years, 59 (65.6%) were female, Society of Thoracic Surgeons score was 15.8 + 11.8% and 90.0% where in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III–IV. There was no significant difference in all‐cause mortality at 30 days (no PH = 27.3%, mild–moderate PH = 19.0%, severe PH = 31.6%; p = 0.55) or at 1 year (no PH = 54.5%, mild–moderate PH = 38.1%, severe PH = 56.1%; p = 0.36). No difference in adverse events, NYHA class or amount of residual mitral regurgitation at 1 year were observed between the groups.ConclusionThis study suggests that the presence of PH in patients with predominantly mitral stenosis with MAC undergoing TMVR does not impact mortality or adverse events. Further studies are needed to fully understand the effect of PH in this group of patients.
Barium sulfate aspiration pneumonia: A fatal case of death
Authors: Sacco Matteo Antonio , Ricci Pietrantonio , Aquila Isabella 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAccidental aspiration of barium is a rare event. We present the case of a patient who, after the administration of barium, he showed sudden cough with dyspnea and vomiting and chemical pneumonia with areas of consolidation. The case emphasizes caution when administering barium to patients at risk of aspiration.
Electrocatalysis Beyond 2020: How to Tune the Preexponential Frequency Factor
Authors: Narangoda Praveen , Spanos Ioannis , Masa Justus , Schlögl Robert , Zeradjanin Aleksandar R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover picture are Dr. Aleksandar R. Zeradjanin and colleagues, from the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany. This cover is part of the Special Collection dedicated to the 65th birthday of Prof. Wolfgang Schuhmann. The cover picture shows how metals with more destabilized interfacial water molecules could behave as efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) where high reaction rate, despite of relatively high activation energy, is possible to achieve via high values of preexponential factor by proton tunnelling. While destabilization of the proton's solvation sphere in acidic electrolytes is intuitive, in alkaline media this proceeds via a more complex mechanism. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/celc.202101278.
Advances of the functionalized carbon nitrides for electrocatalysis
Authors: Fan Qianqian , Su Jianan , Sun Tao , Bi Zenghui , Wang Huaisheng , Zhang Shusheng , Liu Qingju , Zhang Longzhou , Hu Guangzhi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOver the past few decades, the design and development of carbon materials have occurred at a rapid pace. In particular, these porous graphene‐like carbon nitride materials have received considerable attention due to their superior structures and performances in the energy transformation field. In this review, nitrogenated holey two‐dimensional graphene and polymeric carbon nitride will be discussed in depth. The structural properties, synthetic methods, and applications including electrocatalytic reactions, such as hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, and nitrogen reduction reaction, will be presented in detail. Finally, we will present the outlooks on the current obstacles to the development of carbon nitride materials. This comprehensive understanding will help guide and motivate researchers to develop and modify carbon nitride materials with better properties in the future.
The Potential of Micellar Media in the Synthesis of DNA‐Encoded Libraries
Authors: Adamik Réka , Buchholcz Balázs , Darvas Ferenc , Sipos Gellért , Novák Zoltán 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDNA‐encoded library (DEL) technology has become widely used in drug discovery research. The construction of DELs requires robust organic transformations that proceed in aqueous media under mild conditions. Unfortunately, the application of water as reaction medium for organic synthesis is not evident due to the generally limited solubility of organic reagents. However, the use of surfactants can offer a solution to this issue. Oil‐in‐water microemulsions formed by surfactant micelles are able to localize hydrophobic reagents inside them, resulting in high local concentrations of the organic substances in an otherwise poorly solvated environment. This review provides a conceptual and critical summary of micellar synthesis possibilities that are well suited to DEL synthesis. Existing examples of micellar DEL approaches, together with a selection of micellar organic transformations fundamentally suitable for DEL are discussed.
Inverse‐Tunable Red Luminescence and Electronic Properties of Nitridoberylloaluminates Sr2−xBax[BeAl3N5]:Eu2+ (x=0–2)
Authors: Elzer Eugenia , Strobel Philipp , Weiler Volker , Amin Muhammad R. , Schmidt Peter J. , Moewes Alexander , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe nitridoberylloaluminate Ba2[BeAl3N5]:Eu2+ and solid solutions Sr2−xBax[BeAl3N5]:Eu2+ (x=0.5, 1.0, 1.5) were synthesized in a hot isostatic press (HIP) under 50 MPa N2 atmosphere at 1200 °C. Ba2[BeAl3N5]:Eu2+ crystallizes in triclinic space group
(no. 2) (Z=2, a=6.1869(10), b=7.1736(13), c=8.0391(14) Å, α=102.754(8), β=112.032(6), γ=104.765(7)°), which was determined from single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data. The lattice parameters of the solid solution series have been obtained from Rietveld refinements and show a nearly linear dependence on the atomic ratio Sr : Ba. The electronic properties and the band gaps of M2[BeAl3N5] (M=Sr, Ba) have been investigated by a combination of soft X‐ray spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Upon irradiation with blue light (440–450 nm), the nitridoberylloaluminates exhibit intense orange to red luminescence, which can be tuned between 610 and 656 nm (fwhm=1922–2025 cm−1 (72–87 nm)). In contrast to the usual trend, the substitution of the smaller Sr2+ by larger Ba2+ leads to an inverse‐tunable luminescence to higher wavelengths. Low‐temperature luminescence measurements have been performed to exclude anomalous emission.
Synthesis and application of N‐3,5‐dinitrobenzoyl and C3 symmetric diastereomeric chiral stationary phases
Authors: Yu Jeong Jae , Ryoo Jae Jeong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThree diastereomeric chiral compounds, namely, (R,R)‐(+)‐2‐amino‐1,2‐diphenylethanol, (1S,2R)‐(+)‐2‐amino‐1,2‐diphenylethanol, and (1R,2R)‐(+)‐1,2‐diphenylethylenediamine were used as starting materials for preparing three N‐3,5‐dinitrobenzoyl derivative chiral stationary phases (CSPs) (CSP 1, 2, and 3) and three C3 symmetric CSPs (CSP 4, 5, and 6). The six newly prepared CSPs were applied to the chiral separation of 44 chiral samples by HPLC. Most samples were isolated on CSP 6, with the highest average separation factor among the six newly prepared CSPs.
Kinetic Parameters of the Cross‐linking Reaction of Cellulose Membranes with Bifunctional Epoxides
Authors: Ruhr Dominik , Reiche Annette 
Published: January 2022

AbstractKinetic parameters of the cross‐linking reaction of porous cellulose membranes with aqueous solutions of two different diglycidyl ethers were determined by dynamic DSC experiments. The autocatalytic reaction behavior was described with an extended Prout‐Tompkins equation. Kinetic analysis revealed a similar kinetic behavior for both diglycidyl ethers, with an apparent activation energy of 45–65 kJ mol−1 and a reaction order between 0.9 and 1.5, suggesting a transition from one to another dominant reaction mechanism when the composition of the cross‐linking solution is changed. Conversion curves based on the kinetic analysis serve as a basis for the design and optimization of a continuously running process for the industrial‐scale production of cross‐linked cellulose membranes.
Short‐term traffic flow prediction based on whale optimization algorithm optimized BiLSTM_Attention
Authors: Xu Xing , Liu Chengxing , Zhao Yun , Lv Xiaoshu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWith the growths in population and vehicles, traffic flow becomes more complex and uncertain disruptions occur more often. Accurate prediction of urban traffic flow is important for intelligent decision‐making and warning, however, remains a challenge. Many researchers have applied neural network methods, such as convolutional neural networks and recurrent neural networks, for traffic flow prediction modeling, but training the conventional network that can obtain the best network parameters and structure is difficult, different hyperparameters lead to different network structures. Therefore, this article proposes a traffic flow prediction model based on the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) optimized BiLSTM_Attention structure to solve this problem. The traffic flow is predicted first using the BiLSTM_Attention network which is then optimized by using the WOA to obtain its four best parameters, including the learning rate, the training times, and the numbers of the nodes of two hidden layers. Finally, the four best parameters are used to build a WOA_BiLSTM_Attention model. The proposed model is compared with both conventional neural network model and neural network model optimized by the WOA. Based on the evaluation metrics of MAPE, RMSE, MAE, and R2, the WOA_BiLSTM_Attention model proposed in this article presents the best performance.
Real‐time assessment of swallowing sound using an electronic stethoscope and an artificial intelligence system
Authors: Suzuki Kazuma , Shimizu Yoshitaka , Ohshimo Shinichiro , Oue Kana , Saeki Noboru , Sadamori Takuma , Tsutsumi Yasuo , Irifune Masahiro , Shime Nobuaki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesDaily assessments of swallowing function and interventions such as rehabilitation and dietary adjustments are necessary to improve dysphagia. Cervical auscultation is convenient for health care providers for assessing swallowing ability. Although this method allows for swallowing sound evaluations, sensory evaluations with this method are difficult. Thus, we aimed to assess swallowing sound by the combined use of an electronic stethoscope and an artificial intelligence (AI) system that incorporates sound recognition.Material and MethodsHerein, 20 fifth‐year dentistry student volunteers were included; each participant was drank 10 ml and then 20 ml of water in different positions (sitting and supine). We developed an algorithm for indexing bolus inflow sounds using AI, which compared the swallowing sounds and created a new index.ResultsThe new index value used for swallowing sound was significantly higher in men than in women and in the sitting position than in the supine position. A software for acoustic analysis confirmed that the swallowing index was significantly higher in men than in women as well as in the sitting position than in the supine position. These results were similar to those obtained using the new index. However, the new index substantially differed between sexes in terms of posture compared with effective sound pressure.ConclusionsWe developed a new algorithm for indexing swallowing sounds using a stethoscope and an AI system, which could identify swallowing sounds. For future research and development, evaluations of patients with dysphagia are necessary to determine the efficacy of the new index for bedside screening of swallowing conditions.