bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viewpoints and Perception of Adverse Drug Reactions and Antibiotics Resistance among Healthcare Practitioners Regarding Antibiotics’ Self-Medication
Authors: Khan Salah-ud-Din , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid 
Published: March 2022

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the viewpoints and perception about adverse drug reactions and antibiotics resistance among healthcare practitioners (HCPs) about self-medication of antibiotics.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was done using a validated research tool to obtain the required data. Data was obtained using different questions regarding viewpoints and perception of adverse drug reactions and antibiotics resistance from HCPs about antibiotics’ self-medication. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Different demographic characteristics were studied from the selected cohort of the HCPs. Around 153 (52.9%) of the studied HCPs were the females and 136 (47.1%) were males. The studied HCPs were of different professions, whereby 53 (18.3%) from medicine, 103 (35.6%) from pharmacy, 13 (4.45%) from dentistry, 98 (33.9%) from nursing, and 22 (7.6%) from others allied professions.
Conclusion: From the obtained results, it was concluded that all of the studied HCPs had varied viewpoints and different levels of perception about adverse drug reactions and antibiotics resistance. Still there is a greater need to strictly adhere with and follow the recommended and concerned guidelines regarding antibiotics usage to avoid any unwanted side effects, adverse drug reactions and antibiotics resistance.
Behavior and Attitude of Healthcare Practitioners about Antibiotics’ Self-medication
Authors: Khan Salah-ud-Din , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid 
Published: March 2022

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the attitude and behavior of HCPs about self-medication of antibiotics.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was done using a validated research tool to obtain the required data. Data was obtained using different questions regarding the behavior and attitude towards antibiotics usage among HCPs about antibiotics’ self-medication. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Different demographic characteristics were studied from the selected cohort of the HCPs. Around 153 (52.9%) of the studied HCPs were the females and 136 (47.1%) were males. The studied HCPs were of different professions, whereby 53 (18.3%) from medicine, 103 (35.6%) from pharmacy, 13 (4.45%) from dentistry, 98 (33.9%) from nursing, and 22 (7.6%) from others allied professions.
Conclusion: From the obtained results, it was concluded that all of the studied HCPs had varied level of attitude and behavior towards antibiotics’ usage pattern but still there is a greater need to strictly adhere with and follow the recommended and concerned guidelines regarding antibiotics usage to avoid any unwanted side effects, adverse drug reactions and antibiotics resistance.
Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity of Red Sandal Mediated Silver Nanoparticles: An In-vitro Study
Authors: Gajapriya M. , Ganesh S. Balaji , Kumar S. Rajesh 
Published: March 2022

Background: Nanoparticles, or matter ranging between 1 and 100 nm size, are of immense value in nowadays technological ventures, in all fields. Besides, if made of biodegradable materials, the preparation supports sustained drug release for a long time. Green chemistry is thus incorporated in nanotechnology. Red Sandalwood, commonly known as Raktachandan, is a tree that is native and endemic to India. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of red sandal mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNP).
Materials and Methods: This study involves the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) incorporating red sandal. Here the preparation of red sandal incorporated AgNP was followed by a test for its antioxidant activity using DPPH assay by incubating the red sandal mediated silver nanoparticles solution for 30 mins, later the reduction in the quantity of DPPH free radicals was assessed dependent on the absorbance at 517 MN. BHT was employed as control and the percentage of inhibition was determined and cytotoxicity using brine shrimps. To that 10 nauplii were added slowly to each concentration. Then the red sandal mediated silver nanoparticles were added according to the concentration level. The plates were incubated for 24 hours. After 24hrs, noted for the number of live nauplii’s present.
Results: The red sandal mediated silver nanoparticle has considerably efficient antioxidant activity at high concentrations (50 μL). The red sandal mediated silver nanoparticle has considerably efficient cytotoxic activity at low concentrations (5 μL).
Conclusion: From the present study, it can be concluded that red sandal mediated silver nanoparticles have a considerably moderate cytotoxic and antioxidant activity at high concentrations.
Pterocarpus santalinus Ethanolic Extract Preparation and Its Free Radical Scavenging Activity
Authors: Sri Dhivya E. , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Rajeshkumar S. , Thangavelu Lakshmi 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Pterocarpus santalinus commonly known as Red sanders, is a member of the Fabaceae family. It is endemic to India and is classified as internationally endangered, with illegal harvesting posing a significant concern. The plant is known for its distinctive wood, which has great colour, beauty, and technical features. The red wood produces santalin, a natural dye that is used to colour pharmaceuticals and foodstuffs. The decoction made from the heartwood is said to have a variety of therapeutic characteristics in traditional medicine. It's been used to induce vomiting as well as treat eye illnesses, mental disorders, and ulcers.
Aim: This study aimed to find the free radical scavenging activity of Pterocarpus santalinus ethanolic extract preparation.
Materials and Methods: DPPH and H202 Assay was used to test the antioxidant activity of plant extract. Pterocarpus santalinus were purchased commercially from an herbal health centre,in Chennai. The obtained powder Pterocarpus santalinus stored in an airtight container. 5 gram of powder is mixed with 50 ml of ethanol and kept in the orbital shaker for 72 hours, after it has boiled in a heating mantle at 62-70℃ for 5-10 min. The extract is filtered using whatman filter paper 1.The filter extract again contracted using heating mantle.
Results: The extract shows very good antioxidant activity for the P.santalinus extract by using DPPH and H202 Assay.
Conclusion: The free radical scavenging activity of Pterocarpus santalinus ethanolic extract preparation was effective.
Reliability and Validity of PSS-10 among Warfarin Patients
Authors: Khan Salah-ud-Din , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid 
Published: March 2022

Objective: The objective of the current study was to assess the reliability and validity of Perceived Stress Scale 10 (PSS-10) among warfarin patients.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was performed among warfarin patients using the PSS-10. Sociodemographic and patients reported clinical data were collected. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: There were more female patients (n=238, 65.9%) than the male patients (n=123, 34.1%) in total of 361 studied patients. No major issues regarding internal consistency, factorial validity, convergent validity and floor and ceiling effect were observed.
Conclusion: The present study confirmed the reliability and validity of PSS-10 among warfarin patients.
Antioxidant Potential of Extra Polymeric Substances From Marine Actinobacteria Streptomyces Species
Authors: Ganta Lasya , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Sivaperumal P. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The Actinobacteria are a phylum of Gram-positive bacteria. They can be terrestrial or aquatic. They are of great economic importance to humans because agriculture and forests depend on their contributions to soil systems. They are more abundant in soils than other media, especially in alkaline soils and soils rich in organic matter, where they constitute an important part of the microbial population.
Material and Methods: The sediment sample was collected from the Gulf of Mannar, Tamilnadu. The collected sample was sun dried for 48 hrs and turned into fine powder by mortar and pestle. The colour of the mature sporulating aerial mycelium was recorded in naked eye.
Results: The antioxidant potential of actinobacterial EPS was determined on the basis of their scavenging activity of the stable 1,1- diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical. Different concentrations (0.5-3mg/ml) of samples were mixed with 2.9ml diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) solution (120µM) in methanol and incubated in darkness at 37°c for 30 minutes. The absorbance was recorded at 517 nm. Data were implied as mean ± SEM.
Conclusion: The produced melanin pigment from the Actinobacteria of streptomyces species was found to have potent antioxidant potential activity. Further characterisation and bio active properties should be done in the further studies, and more articles in future are yet to come in various properties of melanin pigment.
Analysis of Microbial Load in Air at Different Time Intervalin Dental Clinic
Authors: Saivarshine S. , Muralidharan N. P. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Patients and healthcare professionals can be exposed to several microorganisms that colonize or invade the oral cavity and respiratory tract, or are transported in the water used during treatment, which increases the risk of infection.
Materials and Methods: To determine the air germ count over four consecutive hours, by exposed plate method using Brain heart infusion agar (BHI) plates in the multi chair treatment room of the Department of Prosthodontics, Department of Periodontics, Department of Pedodontics, Department of Conservative dentistry & Operative Dentistry of Saveetha Dental College.
Results: The CFUs in the multi-chair treatment room were between 47 and 243 CFU m3. . During treatment, it reached up to 243 CFU m3.
Conclusion: During treatment, the bacterial count was greater than the actual time before treatment. While bacterial numbers in dental rooms have been substantially higher, the risk in dental clinics is higher due to the formation of aerosols that contain microorganisms.
Genetic Alterations in CDH (Cadherin) Family of Genes and their Putative Association with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ramesh Moulishree , Priyadharsini J. Vijayashree , Girija A. S. Smiline , Ganesh P. Sankar 
Published: March 2022

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is considered to be a common type of human cancer. It is highly invasive with limited therapeutic options outside surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. Cadherin family genes comprises a family with more than 110 members which are calcium dependent transmembrane proteins which helps in cellular adhesion, signaling etc. There exist different functions of Cadherin genes in malignant cells. Uncontrolled mesenchymal- epithelial transition is seen in malignant situations where the cadherins serve as tumour suppressor genes but gets down regulated drastically to create tumour initiation and invasions. This study aims to study the association between genetic alterations in the cadherin family of genes and HNSCC patients.
Materials and Methods: The datas were collected from a promising database, cBioportal and the demographic details of the selected individuals(HNSCC patients) were tabulated and noted. The genetic variations in the genes were analysed using GnomAD analysis, oncoprint analysis and their various genetic alterations,frequency were tabulated and represented figuratively.
Results and Discussion: On analysing the various genetic alterations discovered in cadherin family genes of HNSCC patients, CDH2 gene showed maximum genetic alteration(%). The different genetic alterations documented were splicing, deep deletion, amplification, etc. the oncoprint data analysis shows the frequency of the types of different genetic alteration in the five genes considered, their combination with any other genetic alteration seen in the other genes along with their frequency. The graphical representation of Kaplan meier analysis, showing over expression of CDH2 genes helps understand the survival rate of HNSCC patients. These analysis and tabulated documents, figures prove the association between genetic alterations in the cadherin family of genes and HNSCC.
Conclusion: There exists a significant association between HNSCC and genetic alterations seen in the cadherin family of genes.
Preparation of Mouthwash using Banana Stem Extract Mediated Copper Nanoparticles and Its Cytotoxic Effect – An In-vitro Study
Authors: Chandran R. Theiva , Ganesh S. Balaji , Kumar S. Rajesh 
Published: March 2022

Background: Copper nanoparticles have recently attracted researchers due to their low cost, availability and other novel properties. Various parts of Musa sapientum which belong to the family Musaceae have been used for various medicinal purposes. The aim of the study is to assess the cytotoxic effect of mouth wash prepared using banana stem mediated copper nanoparticles.
Materials and Methods: 100 mL of distilled water is mixed with 1g of banana stem extract and distilled. The filtrate is mixed with 0.477g of copper sulphate mixed in 60 mL of distilled water. There were a total of 10 shrimps per dilution. The artificial seawater upto 10 mL per test tube is controlled. The test tube was left uncovered under a lamp. The number of surviving shrimps were counted and recorded after 24 h. The percentage of motility was calculated by dividing the total number of dead nauplii by the total number and then multiplied by 100%. This is to ensure that the death of nauplii is attributed to the compounds present in nanoparticles.
Results: Percentage of lethality for the banana stem extract mediated copper nanoparticles mouthwash at concentrations of 5 μL, 10 μL, 20 μL, 40 μL, 80 μL were 60%, 70%, 100%, 100%, 100% respectively.
Conclusion: Thus, with an increase in concentration of the banana stem mediated copper nanoparticles mouthwash, the cytotoxic activity increases. Thus from the study, it is evident that natural mouthwash can be prepared with banana stem mediated copper nanoparticles with less side effects.
Boerhavia diffusa Mediated Selenium Nanoparticles and their Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity
Authors: Sushma B. , Geetha R. V. , Kumar S. Rajesh 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Boerhavia diffusa belongs to species of flowering plant which is commonly called as *punarnava*. Its leaves are used as green leafy vegetables, with its high anti-inflammatory and expectorant properties selenium particles are synthesised. Selenium particles are used as nutritional supplements and an anti-microbial coating. Selenium (Se) was found to have anti-inflammatory properties, but its bioavailability and toxicity are limiting factors considerably.
Aim: To find the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Boerhavia diffusa mediated selenium nanoparticles
Materials and Methods: 1 gm of Boerhaavia diffusawas added to 100 ml of distilled water and allowed to boil for 10-15 minutes at 70 degree celsius and filtered. 60 ml of 20 milli molar sodium selenite is prepared in 250 ml of conical flask, 40 ml of filtered plant extract was mixed to it. The synthesized nanoparticle was preliminarily analysed using UV visible spectroscopy. Prior to the final step the nanoparticle solution was centrifuged at 8000 rpm to prepare nanoparticle pellet powder, it was dried in a hot air oven at 80 degree celsius. The dried powder was sent for characterisation. The leftover nanoparticle solution extract was sent to evaluate antioxidant activity through DPPH assay and anti-inflammatory activity through albumin denaturation assay.
Results: Selenium nanoparticles were achieved from boerhavia diffusa plant extract, which was evident with its significant colour change in the cultivation medium. The final centrifuge was found to have potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
Conclusion: The selenium nanoparticles synthesized from leaf extract of Boerhaavia diffusa were evaluated for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study concludes that extract bound selenium nanoparticles had potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore selenium nanoparticles may provide a great implication in the later studies for its potential activity.
Determination of Real-world Single-center Experience with Direct-acting Antivirals for Improvement of Liver Fibrosis after Chronic Hepatitis C Treatment
Authors: Mari Anum , Khoso Mohammad Masood , Saeed Alina , Ahmed Sana , Mari Kiran , Hussain Riaz 
Published: March 2022

Background and Aims: Chronic Hepatitis C virus is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Conversion to liver fibrosis and decompensated liver cirrhosis is common if left untreated. Direct-acting Antiviral agents (DAA) may help in liver fibrosis associated burden. Considering the fact, this study aims to determine the comparative effect of combination therapy (Sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir vs. Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin) on liver fibrosis improvement using noninvasive marker AST platelet ratio index (APRI) score.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on secondary data of patients who visited a private gastroenterology clinic during the year of 2017 and 2018 in Karachi, Pakistan. Our sample comprised of a total of 300 patients who presented for the first time to the clinic from various provinces.
Results: Among all, 163 (54.3%) patients were treated with Sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir while 137 (45.6%) treated with Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin. The overall mean age and SD of patients was 41.1 ± 13.4 years and among them 64.6% (n = 194) were males. In both groups, treatment response showed negative HCV viral load after treatment, p <0.001. Levels of hemoglobin were significantly reduced in patients treated with Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin, 12.8gm/dL (11.5-14.2) vs. 11.4gm/dL (10.8-12.8), p value 0.03. Levels of total bilirubin significantly improved in patient received Sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir, 1.2mg/dL (0.4 - 1.8) vs. 0.6mg/dL (0.2 - 0.6), p value 0.001. Patients who treated with Sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir had significant improvement in APRI score (pre-treatment 1.26±0.17 vs. post-treatment 0.63±0.09, p value <0.001) in comparison with who treated with Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin (pre-treatment 0.92 ± 0.07 vs. post-treatment 0.43 ± 0.05, p value <0.06).
Conclusion: In present study, we report that the value of APRI improved significantly after treatment with DAA particularly those who treated with Sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir, which may indicate that regression of fibrosis is achievable after removal of the causative agent.
Incidence and Peak Age of Anxiety Disorders at a General Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Albokhari Ammar A. , Bresaly Rajab , Hussain Amani , Albarqi Fatma A. , Almaghrabi Ahmad , Fallata Sumayah I. , Alsabban Abdulmalik H. , Alsawas Abdulrhman T. , Harazi Ghassan K. Al , Mukhtar Deyaa 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The most prevalent mental disorders which affect up to 33.7% of the population include generalized anxiety disorder, anxiety mixed with depression, panic attack, panic disorder, specific phobia, social phobia, and agoraphobia, all of which fall under the umbrella of anxiety disorder. Its prevalence has increased due to social, environmental, and political changes, and such patients are mostly treated as outpatients. Its incidence rate from 1990 to 2019 slightly increased among the people aged 20–39 and over 75 years, but its prevalence rate over the past 60 years has gradually decreased.
Methods: This single-center cross-sectional study initially enrolled 2288 patients with anxiety disorders from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2020, at Hera General Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Data was extracted from the hospital’s health information system.
Results: Anxiety disorders developed at an average age of 41.6 years, peak age of 39.5 years, and most frequent age of 38 years, with significant changes in the median age of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Conclusion: Anxiety disorders are the second most dysfunctional mental disorder in Saudi Arabia, with incident rate of approximately 135 cases per year with an average onset at around 41 years old at our institution.
The Effect of Binaural Beats on Preoperative Anxiety among Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Patients
Authors: Zaman Muhammad , Raja . , Sania Saeeda , Rehman Abdul , Ghouri Aftab 
Published: March 2022

Background: Every surgery is associated with different levels of risks and complications. Cardiac surgeries would definitely cause moderate to severe anxiety because cardiac surgeries are riskier than other invasive procedures.
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of binaural beats on pre-operative anxiety among patients undergoing for CABG surgery.
Methodology: This pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental study was conducted at Tabba Heart Institute. In this study, total 56 patients were included who were undergoing for CABG surgery. The patients were divided into two groups; interventional group and control group. Blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate were measured before intervention and 30 minutes after the intervention. For the data collection, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire was used to measure the pre-operative anxiety level among CABG patients.
Results: Both groups; binaural beats and counseling technique groups comprised 28 patients. Patients in binaural beats group and counseling technique showed significant reduction of anxiety scores after the intervention. Among two groups, a significant difference was seen in mean anxiety scores, with mean score of 52.9±5.5 in control and 48.2±6.7 in intervention group and it was statistically significant (p-value=0.006). A significant reduction in systolic blood pressure and heart rate recorded only in the binaural beats group, whereas, no significant difference of vital signs found in counseling technique group.
Conclusion: Both, BB and counseling technique proved as factor to decrease anxiety level. Physiologic indicators of anxiety like systolic blood pressure and heart rate were also significantly lower in the binaural beats group over counseling technique.
Estudo Prospectivo e Tecnológico da Celulose com Ênfase em Nanocelulose e Catálise
Authors: Ghesti Grace Ferreira , Guimarães Munique Gonçalves , Evaristo Rafael Benjamin Werneburg , De Macedo Julio Lemos , Nascimento Paulo Gustavo Barboni Dantas 
Published: March 2022

A celulose é o constituinte da biomassa mais abundante do mundo e é composta por biopolímeros de glicose. Um estudo prospectivo sobre celulose com ênfase em nanocelulose e catálise é apresentado sob duas perspectivas: indicadores tecnológicos baseados em documentos patentários e em artigos científicos indexados. Foram encontrados um total de 190.615 documentos patentários relacionados à celulose, sendo que 47,6% desse valor está compreendido no período de 2012-2016, majoritariamente depositados pela China e Estados Unidos. A fim de agregar valor à celulose, a nanocelulose tem apresentado destaque nas áreas de química e de materiais nos últimos anos. Dentre os subdomínios, a nanocelulose aplicada à catálise ainda apresenta baixa maturidade tecnológica sendo apresentados os indicadores desta baixa prontidão tecnológica e estabelecidas perspectivas para suas futuras aplicações.