bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-Effectiveness of Posaconazole vs. First-Generation Triazoles for the Prevention of Invasive Fungal Infections Among High-Risk Patients With Hematological Malignancies in China
Authors: Shi Changcheng , Ye Jian , Xie Yaping , Dong Rong , Jin Weizhong , Wang Linling , Fang Yingying , Shan Qiyuan , Lin Nengming 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPosaconazole is confirmed to be more effective for preventing invasive fungal infections (IFIs) than first-generation triazoles (fluconazole and itraconazole), but its economic value has not been comprehensively evaluated in China. This study compared the cost-effectiveness of these two antifungal prophylaxis regimens in hematological-malignancy patients at high risk for IFIs from the Chinese healthcare perspective.MethodsA hybrid decision tree and Markov model were built using published data to estimate the total costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) of antifungal prophylaxis with posaconazole oral suspension and first-generation triazoles. Regimens with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) lower than the threshold of willingness to pay (WTP) were considered cost-effective. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to assess model robustness. The regional imbalance of economic development and the tablet formulation of posaconazole were considered in the scenario analyses.ResultsIn the base-case analysis, posaconazole oral suspension provided an additional 0.109 QALYs at an incremental cost of $954.7, yielding an ICER of $8,784.4/QALY, below the national WTP threshold of $31,315/QALY. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses showed that the results were robust. Scenario analyses showed that the base-case ICER was consistently below the WTP thresholds of all 31 Chinese provinces, with the likelihood of posaconazole being cost-effectiveness ranging from 78.1 to 99.0%. When the posaconazole oral suspension was replaced by the tablet formulation, the ICER increased to $29,214.1/QALY, still below the national WTP threshold and WTP thresholds of 12 provinces.ConclusionsPosaconazole oral suspension is a highly cost-effective regimen for preventing IFI in high-risk hematological-malignancy patients from the Chinese healthcare perspective. Posaconazole tablets may also be considered in some high-income regions of China.
Post-implementation Review of the Himalaya Home Care Project for Home Isolated COVID-19 Patients in Nepal
Authors: Amatya Rakchya , Mishra Kritika , Karki Kshitij , Puri Isha , Gautam Archita , Thapa Sweta , Katwal Urmila , Veer Siddhesh , Zervos John , Kaljee Linda , Prentiss Tyler , Zenlea Kate , Maki Gina , Rayamajhi Pawan Jung , Khanal Narendra K. , Thapa Pomawati , Upadhyaya Madan Kumar , Bajracharya Deepak 
Published: May 2022

Background:The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a pandemic that has significantly impacted healthcare systems at a global level. Health care facilities in Nepal, as in other low- and middle-income countries, have limited resources for the treatment and management of COVID-19 patients. Only critical cases are admitted to the hospital resulting in most patients in home isolation.MethodsHimalaya Home Care (HHC) was initiated to monitor and provide counseling to home isolated COVID-19 patients for disease prevention, control, and treatment. Counselors included one physician and four nurses. Lists of patients were obtained from district and municipal health facilities. HHC counselors called patients to provide basic counseling services. A follow-up check-in phone call was conducted 10 days later. During this second call, patients were asked about their perceptions of the HHC program. Project objects were: (1) To support treatment of home isolated persons with mild to moderate COVID-19, decrease burden of hospitalizations, and decrease risks for disease transmission; and, (2) To improve the health status of marginalized, remote, and vulnerable populations in Nepal during the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsData from 5823 and 3988 patients from May 2021-February 2022 were entered in initial and follow-up forms on a REDCap database. The majority of patients who received counseling were satisfied. At follow-up, 98.4% of respondents reported that HHC prevented hospitalization, 76.5% reported they could manage their symptoms at home, and 69.5% reported that counseling helped to limit the spread of COVID-19 in their household.ConclusionsTelehealth can be an essential strategy for providing services while keeping patients and health providers safe during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Efficacy and Safety of Totally Laparoscopic Gastrectomy Compared with Laparoscopic-Assisted Gastrectomy in Gastric Cancer: A Propensity Score-Weighting Analysis
Authors: Zhong Xin , Wei Meng , Ouyang Jun , Cao Weibo , Cheng Zewei , Huang Yadi , Liang Yize , Zhao Rudong , Yu Wenbin 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesTo compare the short- and long-term outcomes of totally laparoscopic gastrectomy (TLG) with laparoscopic-assisted gastrectomy (LAG) in gastric cancer (GC) patients and evaluate the efficacy and safety of TLG.MethodsThis retrospective study was based on GC patients who underwent laparoscopic radical gastrectomy in the Qilu Hospital from January 2017 to December 2020. The groups’ variables were balanced by using the propensity score-based inverse probability of treatment weighting (PS-IPTW). The primary outcomes were 3-year relapse-free survival (RFS) and 3-year overall survival (OS). Postoperative recovery and complications were the secondary outcomes.ResultsA total of 250 GC patients were included in the study. There were no significant differences in baseline and pathological features between the TLG and the LAG groups after the PS-IPTW. TLG took around 30 min longer than LAG, while there were more lymph nodes obtained and less blood loss throughout the procedure. TLG patients had less wound discomfort than LAG patients in terms of short-term prognosis. There were no significant differences between groups in the 3-year RFS rate [LAG vs. TLG: 78.86% vs. 78.00%; hazard ratio (HR) = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.55–2.35; p = 0.721] and the 3-year OS rate (LAG vs. TLG: 78.17% vs. 81.48%; HR = 0.98, 95% CI, 0.42–2.27; p = 0.955). The lymph node staging was found to be an independent risk factor for tumor recurrence and mortality in GC patients with laparoscopic surgery. The subgroup analysis revealed similar results of longer operation time, less blood loss, and wound discomfort in totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy, while the totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy showed benefit only in terms of blood loss.ConclusionTLG is effective and safe in terms of short- and long-term outcomes, with well-obtained lymph nodes, decreased intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative wound discomfort, which may be utilized as an alternative to LAG.
Molten Chlorides as the Precursors to Modify the Ionic Composition and Properties of LiNbO3 Single Crystal and Fine Powders
Authors: Viugin Nikolay A. , Khokhlov Vladimir A. , Zakiryanova Irina D. , Dokutovich Vasiliy N. , Antonov Boris D. 
Published: May 2022

Modifying lithium niobate cation composition improves not only the functional properties of the acousto- and optoelectronic materials as well as ferroelectrics but elevates the protonic transfer in LiNbO3-based electrolytes of the solid oxide electrochemical devices. Molten chlorides and other thermally stable salts are not considered practically as the precursors to synthesize and modify oxide compounds. This article presents and discusses the results of an experimental study of the full or partial heterovalent substitution of lithium ion in nanosized LiNbO3 powders and in the surface layer of LiNbO3 single crystal using molten salt mixtures containing calcium, lead, and rare-earth metals (REM) chlorides as the precursors. The special features of heterovalent ion exchange in chloride melts are revealed such as hetero-epitaxial cation exchange at the interface PbCl2-containing melt/lithium niobate single crystal; the formation of Li(1−x) Ca(x/2)V(x/2)Li+ NbO3 solid solutions with cation vacancies as an intermediate product of the reaction of heterovalent substitution of lithium ion by calcium in LiNbO3 powders; the formation of lanthanide orthoniobates with a tetragonal crystal structure such as scheelite as the result of lithium niobate interaction with trichlorides of rare-earth elements. It is shown that the fundamental properties of ion-modifiers (ion radius, nominal charge), temperature, and duration of isothermal treatment determine the products’ chemical composition and the rate of heterovalent substitution of Li+-ion in lithium niobate.
Significance of Mucosa-Associated Microbiota and Its Impacts on Intestinal Health of Pigs Challenged with F18+ E. coli
Authors: Duarte Marcos Elias , Kim Sung Woo 
Published: May 2022

The objective of this study was to evaluate the significance of jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota and its impacts on the intestinal health of pigs challenged with F18+ Escherichia coli. Forty-four newly-weaned pigs were allotted to two treatments in a randomized complete block design with sex as blocks. Pigs were fed common diets for 28 d. At d 7 post-weaning, pigs were orally inoculated with saline solution or F18+ E. coli. At d 21 post-challenge, feces and blood were collected and pigs were euthanized to collect jejunal tissue to evaluate microbiota and intestinal health parameters. The relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes was lower (p < 0.05) in jejunal mucosa than in feces, whereas Proteobacteria was greater (p < 0.05) in jejunal mucosa. F18+ E. coli increased (p < 0.05) protein carbonyl, Helicobacteraceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, and Peptostreptococcaceae and reduced (p < 0.05) villus height, Enterobacteriaceae, Campylobacteraceae, Brachyspiraceae, and Caulobacteraceae in jejunal mucosa, whereas it reduced (p < 0.05) Spirochaetaceae and Oscillospiraceae in feces. Collectively, jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota differed from those in feces. Compared with fecal microbiota, the change of mucosa-associated microbiota by F18+ E. coli was more prominent, and it was mainly correlated with increased protein carbonyl and reduced villus height in jejunal mucosa impairing the intestinal health of nursery pigs.
ANALISIS WHITE LIES ORANGTUA PADA ANAK DISABILITAS DI SLB ABCD SEJAHTERA BOGOR
Authors: Safitri Rika Nurismah , Samatan Nuriyati 
Published: May 2022

Orangtua memiliki peran besar dalam proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Tidak semua anak lahir dengan keadaan sempurna, terdapat pula anak yang lahir dengan keterbatasan atau yang disebut dengan disabilitas. Terkadang orangtua memiliki kekhawatiran pada anak mereka ketika anak melakukan sesuatu, terlebih apabila anak tersebut merupakan anak disabilitas. Salah satu cara orangtua mengurangi rasa khawatir, orangtua menggunakan white lies dalam proses komunikasi dengan anaknya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui alasan orangtua dalam menggunakan white lies kepada anaknya dan untuk mengetahui contoh implementasi white lies yang orangtua gunakan kepada anaknya. Teori yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah teori disonansi kognitif dengan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan deskriptif. Peneliti menggunakan paradigma konstruktivis. Pengambilan data dengan cara wawancara serta observasi. Peneliti melakukan penelitian di SLB ABCD Sejahtera Bogor dan memiliki lima informan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orangtua memiliki rasa ketidaknyamanan ketika anak melakukan sesuatu sehingga untuk mengurangi rasa ketidaknyamanan tersebut orangtua menggunakan white lies. Hasil yang didapatkan pada penelitian ini sesuai dengan asumsi dari teori disonansi kognitif.
E-learning Daarul Adab sebagai Media Pendukung Pembelajaran di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Rahmatya M D , Wicaksono M F 
Published: May 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 telah mengubah pola hidup masyarakat termasuk dalam pembelajaran. Aktivitas pembelajaran yang semula dilakukan secara tatap muka kini dilakukan secara daring ataupun tatap muka terbatas. Oleh karena itu, untuk membantu guru dalam menyampaikan materi maupun tugas tanpa harus bertatap muka maka diperlukan e-learning. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membangun e-learning Daarul Adab sebagai media pendukung pembelajaran. Pembangungan e-learning Daarrul Adab menggunakan metode pendekatan berbasis objek dan metode pengembangan sistem menggunakan waterfall. e-Learning yang dibangun merupakan aplikasi web yang dapat membantu guru dalam membagikan materi baik berupa file modul, video, dan tugas. Selain itu, siswapun dapat mengakses materi dan tugas kapanpun dan dimanapun tanpa terbatas waktu dan tempat. Siswa juga dapat memutar video materi berulang kali bila terdapat bagian yang belum dipahaminya. e-Learning juga dilengkapi dengan forum diskusi yang memungkin siswa dan guru berkomunikasi seputar pembelajaran tanpa terbatas dengan jadwal belajar. Sebagai betuk evaluasi pembelajaran guru dapat memberikan tugas berupa pilihan ganda melalui e-learning. Pengujian dilakukan pada modul pembagian materi, pembuatan soal tugas, dan pengerjaan soal tugas. Hasil pengujian e-learning menunjukkan bahwa e-learning bekerja sesuai dengan harapan.
Link-Layer Retransmission-based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey
Authors: Le Hoang 
Published: May 2022

<p> Free space optical (FSO) communication has established a reputation for itself capable of delivering high-speed data services over long distances without exhausting radio frequency (RF) resources.</p>
<p>FSO communication can be considered in different network scenarios, including inter-satellite/deep-space links, ground-station/vehicles, satellite/aerial links, and terrestrial links. It is expected to be one of the key enabling technologies for the next generation of 6G wireless networks. Nevertheless, despite the great potential of FSO communications, its performance suffers from various limitations and challenges: atmospheric turbulence, clouds, weather conditions, and pointing misalignment. The error-control solutions, including physical layer (PHY) and link-layer methods, aim to mitigate the transmission errors caused by such adverse issues. While the existing surveys on error-control solutions in FSO systems primarily focussed on the PHY methods, we instead provide a review of link-layer solutions. In particular, we conduct an extensive literature survey of state-of-the-art retransmission protocols, both automatic repeat request (ARQ) and hybrid ARQ (HARQ), for various FSO communication scenarios, including point-to-point terrestrial, cooperative, multi-hop relaying, hybrid FSO/RF, satellite/aerial, and deep-space systems. Furthermore, we provide a survey of recent literature and insightful discussion on the cross-layer design frameworks related to link-layer retransmission protocols in FSO communication networks. Finally, the lessons learned, design guidelines, related open issues, and future research directions are exposed.</p>
Design and testing of a composite pressure hull for deep autonomous underwater vehicles.
Authors: Elkolali Moustafa , alcocer alex 
Published: May 2022

<p> This paper outlines the design and testing process of the hull of a deep small Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV), rated at 2000m depth. Many existing AUV pressure housings use aluminum or other isotropic traditional metals, instead of composites due to the complexities of the design of composites at such big load. The research at hand explains the process of design starting from setting the geometrical constraints for the design to mass production. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, none of the previous studies has presented such detailed description of the work. Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy material was chosen thanks to its high strength-to-weight ratio and similarity of its compressibility to sea water. Material characterization was performed to obtain the material properties under loading conditions using a modified method of the Combined Loading Compression testing technique. A specific fixture was designed and manufactured to test filament-wound tubes. An analytical model was developed using MATLAB, a finite element model was created using ABAQUS, and the results of the two models were compared. A set of recommendations was introduced for the stacking sequence to provide the lowest possible stresses, regardless on the diving depth of the vehicle. Afterwards, a quality control set of tests was conducted, including seawater absorption under high pressure and void analysis using destructive and non-destructive tests. Pilot samples were manufactured and tested in a pressure vessel, where it was cycle-tested and inspected using visual and ultrasonic testing. Other samples were fail-tested and showed a failure at ∼93% of the expected failure load. Such range can be considered good to provide safe operation for the vehicle at the designated depth, given that the factor of safety included covers more than 7% of the failure load. The proposed design methodology has shown that CFRE can be safely used even at such high depths. </p>
Analisis Manajemen Farmasi Rumah Sakit TK II Putri Hijau KESDAM I/BB Medan Tahun 2020
Authors: Hasanah Hali Nurul , Fitriani Arifah Devi , Syamsul Darwin 
Published: May 2022

Instalasi Farmasi merupakan pelaksana fungsional yang menyelenggarakan seluruh kegiatan kefarmasian di rumah sakit. Berdasarkan survei awal bahwa pada saat ini manajemen logistik obat masih belum stabil dimana hal tersebut diakibatkan karena instalasi farmasi pernah kehabisan stok obat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis manajemen farmasi rumah sakit TK II Putri Hijau Kesdam I/BB Medan. Desain penelitian yang digunakan penelitian kualitatif. Karakteristik informan kunci adalah kepala asuhan kefarmasian, sedangkan Informan triangulasi adalah Komite Farmasi Terapi dan Penanggungjawab Gudang Perbekalan. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan metode Triangulasi. Analisis data penelitian ini yaitu deskriftif kualitatif dengan tahapan data triangulasi teknik, sumber dan waktu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemilihan obat sudah dilakukan secara cukup baik, perencanaan obat dilakukan apabila stok obat telah kosong, pengadaan obat dilakukan sesuai prosedur, penerimaan barang dilakukan dengan cukup efektif, penyimpanan obat dilakukan menjadi 2 bagian yaitu kering dan basah, pendistribusian dilakukan sesuai prosedur rumah sakit, penarikan dan pemusnahan obat dilakukan oleh pihak rumah sakit dengan prosedur yang sesuai, pengendalian dilakukan secara efektif dan manajemen administrasi dari instalasi farmasi sudah cukup efektif. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah pemilihan, pengadaan, penerimaan, penyimpanan, pendistribusian, penarikan/pemusnahan, pengendalian dan administrasi telah berjalan efektif, hanya perencanaan obat saja yang masih berjalan kurang baik. Dari hasil penelitian ini diharapkan perlu peningkatan kontroling obat yang death stock dan obat yang hampir expired date sehingga tidak terjadi kerugian baik bagi pasien maupun rumah sakit.
Pengetahauan Tentang Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Gigi Padasiswa Kelas V dan VI SDN Kanung 02 Kecamatan Sawahan Kabupaten Madiun
Authors: Handokoprastowo Martinus 
Published: May 2022

Permasalahan dalam penelitian adalah tingkat pengetahuan siswa kelas atas yaitu kelas V dan Kelas VI SDN Kanung 02 Kecamatan Sawahan Kabupaten Madiun tentang pentingnya kesehatan pribadi, khususnya dalam hal pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi yang masih kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingginya pengetahuan tentang pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi pada siswa kelas V dan kelas VI di SDN Kanung 02 Kecamatan Sawahan Kabupaten Madiun. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskripsi dengan satu variable, yaitu pengetahuan tentang pemeliharaan gigi. Metode pemeliharaan yang digunakan adalah survey dengan menggunakan daftar pertanyaan sebagai alat pengumpulan data. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas V dan Kelas VI SDN Kanung 02 Kecamatan sawahan kabupaten Madiun dengan jumlah keseluruhan 30 siswa yang terdiri dari 17 putra dan 13 putri. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tehnik analisis deskripsi kuatitatif dengan presentase menggunakan tiga katagori penilaian yaitu : Tinggi, Sedang, dan Rendah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa besarnya pengetahuan tentang pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi pada siswa kelas IV dan kelas VI SDN Kanung 02 Kecamatan sawahan Kabupaten Madiun, untuk katagori “tinggi” sebanyak 22 siswa atau sebesar 75% katagori “sedang” sebanyak 5 siswa atau sebesar 15% dan katagori “rendah” sebayak 3 siswa atau sebesar 10%. Dari hasil temuan dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara umum siswa kelas V dan VI masih kurang memperhatikan pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dibuktikan dengan angka hasil penelitian pada kategori tinggi mencapai 75%.
Tinjauan Fiqh Muamalah dan Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Jual Beli di Toko Online pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Janah Samrotul 
Published: May 2022

Seluruh dunia sedang mengalami suatu bencana non alam yang dahsyat yaitu bertebarannya wabah covid-19 yang berdampak pada lonjakan pengunjung toko online sejak tahun 2019 lalu. Karena itu terjadi perubahan interaksi baru dari tansaksi jual beli secara langsung terpaksa beralih ke transaksi jual beli online. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif yang merujuk pada peraturan perundang-undangan, pendekatan koseptual serta studi kasus. Data-data utama dan pendukung diperoleh dari studi pustaka yang bersumber dari buku dan karya ilmiah lainnya. Hasil penelitian ini adalah dalam islam hukum asal jual beli adalah boleh sepanjang tidak ada dalil alquran dan hadits yang melarangnya. Sepanjang massa covid-19 berlangsung berbagai pihak memanfaatkan situasi untuk memperoleh keuntungan duniawi dengan cara memalsukan barang dan memang barang tidak sesuai nilai yang ditawarkan bahkan barang tidak dikirimkan oleh penjual kepada pembeli. Para ulama sepakat bahwa hukum asal penipuan adalah berdosa serta mengilangkan keberkahan atas suatu barang dan uang haram tidak boleh dimanfaatkan oleh pemiliknya (pelaku usaha haram tersebut ). Akibat penipuan tersebut pembeli mempunyai hak untuk khiyar yaitu melanjutkan transaksi jual beli atau membatalkannya. Apabila terjadi sengketa akibat transaksi tersebut ada dua jalur penyelesaian masalah yaitu melalui jalur musyawarah internal para pihak dan penyelesaian permasalahan jalur hukum.
Analisis Penggunaan Telemedicine pada Pendaftaran Rekam Medis Klinik Pratama Medika Antapani
Authors: Nuroctaviani Aini , Permata Satia Ervina , Sonia Dina 
Published: May 2022

Latar Belakang: Rekam medis merupakan bagian penting dalam penanganan kesehatan pasien pada saat sekarang di masa mendatang. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 269 Tahun 2008 menyatakan bahwa rekam medis adalah berkas yang berisikan catatan dan dokumen tentang identitas pasien, pemeriksaan, pengobatan, tindakan dan pelayanan lain yang telah diberikan kepada pasien. Rekam medis harus dibuat secara tertulis, lengkap dan jelas atau secara elektronik. Teknologi di bidang kedokteran semakin berkembang, salah satunya adalah telemedicine. Telemedicine ialah pemberian layanan kesehatan jarak jauh oleh profesional kesehatan dengan memakai teknologi data dan komunikasi, termasuk diagnosis, pengobatan, pencegahan penyakit dan cedera, penelitian dan evaluasi, dan pendidikan berkelanjutan penyedia layanan kesehatan buat kepentingan peningkatan kesehatan individu serta masyarakat.
Tujuan: tujuan karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah untuk mengenal dan mengetahui tentang telemedicine. Karya tulis ilmiah ini menggunakan metode observasi dan wawancara langsung kepada petugas rekam medis di Klinik Pratama Medika Antapani. Telemedicine bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup manusia dengan meningkatkan kualitas efisiensi pelayanan kesehatan.
Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif yaitu metode penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif dan cenderung menggunakan analisis.
Hasil: Kendala yang timbul dalam penerapan telemedicine berasal dari sumber daya manusia dan sarana prasarana yang digunakan.
Kesimpulan: Kesimpulannya telemedicine merupakan teknologi baru di bidang kedokteran yang sangat berguna dalam proses pengobatan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup manusia.