bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID‐19 pandemic influence on organizational knowledge management systems and practices: Insights from an Indian engineering services organization
Authors: Apte Shantanu , Lele Abhijeet , Choudhari Atul 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCOVID‐19 pandemic unleashed uncertainties around the world. Organizations scrambled to ensure business continuity. COVID‐19 pandemic was unprecedented as disruptions were far beyond business continuity scenarios planning with respect to severities, timelines, and geographies. Initially, business disruptions were assumed to last just for a few days or weeks at a local governing region, county, or state level. However, the pandemic lasted much longer and sustained efforts were needed to stay compliant with ever‐evolving and changing local, state, federal, and international guidelines, rules, and regulations. Prolonged work from home became an unavoidable and only way to ensure business continuity for many service‐oriented organizations. Organizations not only tried to leverage existing knowledge management (KM) practices but also were compelled to critically relook at the efficacy and effectiveness of KM practices. Organizational KM systems and practices (OKMSP) in a typical Indian engineering consulting and design organization were studied. The changes in employee perceptions about OKMSP during the pandemic period were captured and critically analyzed. The study evaluated employee perceptions related to four critical aspects of OKMSP namely, KM processes, usage of KM tools, KM effectiveness, and KM culture. Lack of face‐to‐face meetings during the COVID‐19 period made an important change in the way of working. This paper captures COVID‐19 pandemic‐induced changes and provides pointers to further research opportunities in the field of OKMSP. The study highlights the need for robust knowledge management systems to face pandemic‐induced disruptions.
Mass spectrometric studies of the variety of beta‐amyloid proteoforms in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zakharova Natalia V. , Kononikhin Alexey S. , Indeykina Maria I. , Bugrova Anna E. , Strelnikova Polina , Pekov Stanislav , Kozin Sergey A. , Popov Igor A. , Mitkevich Vladimir , Makarov Alexander A. , Nikolaev Evgeny N. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis review covers the results of the application of mass spectrometric (MS) techniques to study the diversity of beta‐amyloid (Aβ) peptides in human samples. Since Aβ is an important hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is a socially significant neurodegenerative disorder of the elderly worldwide, analysis of its endogenous variations is of particular importance for elucidating the pathogenesis of AD, predicting increased risks of the disease onset, and developing effective therapy. MS approaches have no alternative for the study of complex samples, including a wide variety of Aβ proteoforms, differing in length and modifications. Approaches based on matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight and liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem MS are most common in Aβ studies. However, Aβ forms with isomerized and/or racemized Asp and Ser residues require the use of special methods for separation and extra sensitive and selective methods for detection. Overall, this review summarizes current knowledge of Aβ species found in human brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and blood plasma; focuses on application of different MS approaches for Aβ studies; and considers the potential of MS techniques for further studies of Aβ‐peptides.
Grassmannian diffusion maps based surrogate modeling via geometric harmonics
Authors: dos Santos Ketson R. M. , Giovanis Dimitris G. , Kontolati Katiana , Loukrezis Dimitrios , Shields Michael D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA novel surrogate model based on the Grassmannian diffusion maps (GDMaps) and utilizing geometric harmonics (GH) is developed for predicting the response of complex physical phenomena. The method utilizes GDMaps to obtain a low‐dimensional representation of the underlying behavior of physical/mathematical systems with respect to uncertain input parameters. Using this representation, GH, an out‐of‐sample extension technique, is employed to create a global map from the input parameter space to a Grassmannian diffusion manifold. GH is further employed to locally map points on the diffusion manifold onto the tangent space of a Grassmann manifold. The exponential map is then used to project the points in the tangent space onto the Grassmann manifold, where reconstruction of the full solution is performed. The performance of the proposed surrogate model is verified with three examples. The first problem is a toy example used to illustrate the technique. In the second example, errors associated with the various mappings are assessed by studying response predictions of the electric potential of a dielectric cylinder in a homogeneous electric field. The last example applies the method for uncertainty prediction in the strain field evolution in a model amorphous material using the shear transformation zone theory of plasticity.
Skill development using interdisciplinary problem solving in a natural resources capstone course
Authors: Anderson Zach D. , Hargiss Christina L. M. , Norland Jack E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPostsecondary curriculum is designed to prepare students for their careers following graduation, which traditionally revolves around technical aspects of their respected career field. Capstone courses were introduced to help ease students’ transition from the university into their careers. However, little research containing empirical evidence exists on the effectiveness of capstone courses in natural resources. This study evaluated 6 yr of course graduates from an interdisciplinary problem‐solving capstone course in natural resources, seeking to understand the skills gained and what portions of the course were most useful in transitioning students to their future careers. Results show the course was able to enhance students’ writing, communication, job preparation, and teamwork skills. Students valued knowledge gained on soft skills, such as communication and teamwork, over technical skills specific to their major. Overall, the students valued the interdisciplinary problem solving nature of the course, as most natural resource issues are interdisciplinary. Areas that could be improved in this capstone model were focused on improving individual student's verbal communication and presentation skills. Information from this study is useful to colleges and universities considering and using capstone courses to determine skills that can be taught and to determine if using real world problems in an interdisciplinary setting in their courses would be beneficial.
Donor advised funds: Ethical issues on the new frontier of philanthropy
Authors: Biagi James B. , Hefter Mark L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper analyzes critical ethical and legal issues related to the administration and use of Donor Advised Funds for charitable fundraising in American philanthropy. With the swift and profound reshaping of the philanthropic landscape caused by Donor Advised Funds, the mainstream charitable world continues to both digest how these changes affect their work and address the myriad of legal, ethical and donor/public relations issues that arise in connection with gifts to and distributions from them. This paper discusses the most relevant legal and ethical principles governing the sponsorship of, receipt from and contribution to Donor Advised Funds, sets forth the significant legal and ethical issues faced by each of these parties, and finally, puts forth recommendation for them to follow.
Changes in food reward and intuitive eating after weight loss and maintenance in former athletes with overweight or obesity
Authors: Nunes Catarina L. , Carraça Eliana V. , Jesus Filipe , Finlayson Graham , Francisco Rúben , Silva Marlene N. , Santos Inês , Bosy‐Westphal Anja , Martins Paulo , Minderico Cláudia , Sardinha Luís B. , Silva Analiza M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the following: 1) the impact of Champ4Life’s intervention on intuitive eating and food reward; and 2) associations between changes in eating behavior and changes in body composition.MethodsA total of 94 former athletes (mean [SD], BMI = 31.1 [4.3] kg/m2, age = 43.0 [9.4] years, 34% female) assigned to intervention (n = 49) and control groups (n = 45) underwent 4 months of active weight loss (WL) followed by 8 months of WL maintenance. Intuitive eating and food reward were assessed by the Intuitive Eating Scale and the Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire, respectively.ResultsThe WL was −4.8% (4.9%) and 0.3% (2.6%) for the intervention and control groups, respectively. Participants reported a decrease in fat bias for explicit/implicit wanting and explicit liking after 4 months and 1 year. For intuitive eating, the unconditional permission to eat decreased after 4 months, and the body–food choice congruence increased after 1 year. Changes in unconditional permission to eat and in body–food choice congruence were positively and negatively associated with both Δweight and with Δfat mass, respectively. Changes in explicit wanting for fat and taste bias were associated with Δweight.ConclusionsFood reward decreased after a moderate WL intervention. Participants successfully maintained their reduced weight, and most of the changes in eating behavior remained significant at the end of the follow‐up period. Lifestyle interventions aiming at WL should also consider intuitive eating and food reward.
Plasma polymers from oregano secondary metabolites: Antibacterial and biocompatible plant‐based polymers
Authors: Romo‐Rico Jesus , Murali Krishna Smriti , Golledge Jonathan , Hayles Andrew , Vasilev Krasimir , Jacob Mohan V. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBacterial infection of chronic wounds is a major healthcare problem that affects the quality of life of millions of patients worldwide and leads to a substantial healthcare cost burden. This project focused on the manufacture of a potential wound healing agent. Plasma polymers from oregano secondary metabolites (PP‐OSMs) were fabricated by radiofrequency plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF‐PECVD) in continuous and pulse plasma modes at room temperature. The surface, biocompatibility, and antibacterial properties of the PP‐OSMs were investigated. Polymers fabricated by RF‐PECVD retained the functional groups of OSMs, promoted human dermal fibroblast adhesion, inhibited Staphylococcus aureus attachment, and eliminated Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The PP‐OSM coatings are potential candidates for use in medical applications where cell biocompatibility and antibacterial properties are required.
Global status of oral health provision: Identifying the root of the problem
Authors: O'Brien Kate J. , Forde Vivian M. , Mulrooney Michelle A. , Purcell Emma C. , Flaherty Gerard T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDental health is deeply rooted in the primary care of an individual such that an individual's overall health status and behaviours may be determined by their oral health status. Oral diseases are a major cause of morbidity and are among the most prevalent diseases worldwide. Despite the risk these diseases pose to global health, they remain a largely neglected facet of healthcare. In this article, we discuss why predominantly preventable oral diseases persist with high prevalence and suggest how to address the global oral disease epidemic. People living in rural areas are particularly disadvantaged, due to insufficient oral care in remote locations, lack of transport and an overall under‐resourced health care infrastructure. In cases where oral health programmes exist, they are usually directed only at certain groups. Dental tourism has been increasing in popularity over the last two decades. Eastern Europe has become one of the leading destinations for patients seeking dental care across borders. However, negative findings regarding the quality of dental procedures in these destinations have been highlighted in many studies, with some pointing out that only a small fraction of patients received sufficient quality, and that only very simple dental treatments were actually evaluated as cost‐effective. Low‐income countries are hindered not only by lack of dentists, but by lack of public health initiatives such as fluoridation of water and toothpastes. The integration of oral health into medical education and primary care could improve the common risk factor approach between the specialties and improve preventative measures and screening for better patient outcomes and reduction in cost of care.
Correlation‐driven multivariate degradation modeling and RUL prediction based on Wiener process model
Authors: Yan Bingxin , Wang Han , Ma Xiaobing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFor degraded products with multiple performance characteristics (PCs), one way to model their degradation process is by using a multivariate independent Wiener process model with random drift. However, it fails to capture the latent correlation in degradation paths for multiple PCs caused by the common environmental condition. In this paper, we model the degradation processes of multiple PCs using multiple correlated Wiener processes. The commonly shared environmental condition function incorporates the degradation correlation and random effect. Thus, it directly catches the strong correlation of degradation rates and volatilities to all dimensions of multiple PCs. Our model is more economical in the number of parameters than the multivariate independent Wiener process. The correlation coefficients and RUL distribution approximation are provided in closed forms. We extend the proposed model to a two‐stage degradation process to correlate multiple PCs in each stage. An adaptive drift is adopted in the Wiener process model for the real‐time degradation states updating with the help of the Bayesian and the expectation‐maximization (EM) algorithm. The proposed model's effectiveness is illustrated by numerical studies and a real‐world application to the wheel treads on high‐speed trains.
Sustainable supply chain finance adoption and firm performance: Is green supply chain integration a missing link?
Authors: Guo Xiaoli , Xia Weili , Feng Taiwen , Sheng Hongyan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDespite the importance of sustainable supply chain finance (SSCF), how it influences firm performance is still inconclusive. On the basis of social exchange theory, we examine how SSCF adoption affects firm performance via green supply chain integration (GSCI), as well as the moderating effect of environmental leadership. Employing data from 317 Chinese manufacturers, we conduct hierarchical regression analyses to examine research hypotheses. Our findings reveal that SSCF adoption positively affects GSCI. Green customer integration partially mediates the influence of SSCF adoption on firm performance. Green supplier integration partially mediates the effect of SSCF adoption on environmental performance, but does not mediate the effect of SSCF adoption on financial performance. Furthermore, environmental leadership negatively moderates the SSCF adoption–GSCI link. This research adds knowledge to the theory and practice by unveiling the “black box” between SSCF adoption and firm performance.
Empowering Shepreneurs to achieve the sustainable development goals: Exploring the impact of interest‐free start‐up credit, skill development and ICTs use on entrepreneurial drive
Authors: Mazhar Saman , Sher Ali , Abbas Azhar , Ghafoor Abdul , Lin Guanghua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecent debates—like agenda 2030—emphasize that women are not just the potential beneficiaries of the sustainable development goals (SDGs), yet they are also active change agents in achieving them. This study used non‐parametric techniques to investigate and compare the impact of three entrepreneur‐supporting interventions—interest‐free start‐up credit, skill‐development short courses, and information and communication technologies (ICTs) use—in lowering the impediments defying women entrepreneurs in Punjab‐Pakistan. We identified 33 barriers and three groups of respondents based on intervention(s) availed. Mean score ranking analysis reveals 25 out of 33 barriers as critical in affecting women entrepreneurs in category one, whereas women entrepreneurs in category two and three are found to face 20 and 14 critical barriers, respectively. Furthermore, we used factor analysis to group these 25 critical barriers into five principal groups: (1) business management & marketing barriers, (2) gender & social barriers, (3) client and customer‐related barriers, (4) public policy and governance barriers, and (5) innovation & knowledge‐management barriers. Moreover, the study advances a comprehensive understanding of underlying grouped barriers to devise coherent plans and collaborative actions—involving local institutions, stakeholders, academia, and industry—for containing these snags and to better harvest the impacts of development initiatives. The study extends the existing literature on techno‐economic disclosure, digital transformation and entrepreneurship, and sustainable knowledge management.
Effective Therapy of Drug‐Resistant Bacterial Infection by Killing Planktonic Bacteria and Destructing Biofilms with Cationic Photosensitizer Based on Phosphindole Oxide
Authors: Li Jianqing , Meng Zijuan , Zhuang Zeyan , Wang Bingnan , Dai Jun , Feng Guangxue , Lou Xiaoding , Xia Fan , Zhao Zujin , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDeveloping effective therapies to fight against biofilm‐associated infection is extremely urgent. The complex environment of biofilm forces the bacteria to evade the elimination of antibiotics, resulting in recalcitrant chronic infections. To address this issue, a cationic antibacterial agent based on phosphindole oxide (β‐PM‐PIO) is designed and prepared. The unique molecular structure endows β‐PM‐PIO with aggregation‐induced emission feature and efficient singlet oxygen generation ability. β‐PM‐PIO shows excellent visual diagnostic function to planktonic bacteria and biofilm. In addition, owing to the synergistic effect of phototoxicity and dark toxicity, β‐PM‐PIO can achieve superb antibacterial and antibiofilm performance against Gram‐positive bacteria with less potential of developing drug resistance. Notably, β‐PM‐PIO also holds excellent anti‐infection capacity against drug‐resistant bacteria in vivo with negligible side effects. This work offers a promising platform to develop advanced antibacterial agents against multidrug‐resistant bacterial infection.
On the analysis of makespan and performance of the task‐based execution model for enterprise application integration platforms: An empirical study
Authors: Frantz Rafael Z. , Sawicki Sandro , Roos‐Frantz Fabricia , Basso Fábio P. , Zucoloto Benjamim , Pillat Raquel M. 
Published: March 2022

SummaryIncreasingly enterprises rely on software applications to support their business processes. Since such processes are continually evolving to keep up with market dynamism, companies strive to increase their efficiency, for example, by optimising the integration of applications supporting these processes. Integration platforms are specialised software tools that allow creating integration processes so that applications can share data and functionality. However, this integration involves several challenges, especially when large volumes of heterogeneous data should be integrated and shared. The performance of an integration process, in terms of message processing, is directly related to the run‐time system of the integration platform. This article investigates the impact of the volume of messages and the number of threads used by a run‐time system on makespan and performance of an integration process. The greater is the number of messages per second received by the integration process, the high is the volume of messages. The study was based on a run‐time system with task‐based execution model and follows a strict protocol to conduct and report our empirical study. We observed an increment of makespan when increasing the volume of messages to integration processes and different behaviours when increasing the number of threads used in their executions. Makespan reduces as the number of threads increases, but only when the volume of inbound messages is not very high. We confirmed that there is a performance gain by increasing the number of threads to execute an integration process, but observed that the continuous increment of threads leads to degradation of the performance in this model.
GC content strongly influences the role of poly(dA) in the intrinsic nucleosome positioning in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Trotta Edoardo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe nucleosome is the basic structural element of genomic DNA packaging and plays a role in transcription, replication, and recombination. Poly(dA) tracts are considered major sequence determinants of nucleosome positioning, although their role is not well understood. Here, we show that the homopolymeric character and the low GC content of poly(dA)s play different roles in nucleosome formation. We found that the inherent low GC content of poly(dA) alone can account for the deep and anisotropic nucleosome depletion at structurally and functionally important regions of promoters and origins of replication. We also show that the level of nucleosome occupancy at poly(dA) is strongly related to the local nucleotide background and its high frequency of occurrence in Saccharomyces cerevisiae does not appear merely to be associated with its intrinsic nucleosome‐excluding properties. In addition, we show that the GC content alone can predict more than 60% of the in vitro nucleosome map, providing further evidence that the intrinsic nucleosome positioning is more greatly determined by GC content than poly(dA) stretches. Our results are consistent with a model in which poly(dA) stretches act at two distinct levels: first, by its low GC content, which intrinsically contributes to hinder nucleosome formation, and second, by its contiguous runs of dA that selectively drive the recruitment of non‐histone proteins with structural and functional roles.
The Dynamics of the Labelling Game: An Essay On FLT3 Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukaemia
Authors: Engen Caroline 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith evolving knowledge and with the development and implementation of precision oncology related practices the meaning of cancer is rapidly changing. With the shift towards a molecular understanding and classification of cancer the relationship between cancer as a disease and cancer as an illness and sickness gradually dissolve. This chapter explore these developments by examining the scientific and clinical challenges that are emerging in the attempt to understand and manage FLT3 mutated acute myeloid leukaemia.
Fast and Reliable Formal Verification of Smart Contracts with the Move Prover
Authors: Dill David , Grieskamp Wolfgang , Park Junkil , Qadeer Shaz , Xu Meng , Zhong Emma 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Move Prover () is a formal verifier for smart contracts written in the Move programming language. has an expressive specification language, and is fast and reliable enough that it can be run routinely by developers and in integration testing. Besides the simplicity of smart contracts and the Move language, three implementation approaches are responsible for the practicality of : (1) an alias-free memory model, (2) fine-grained invariant checking, and (3) monomorphization. The entirety of the Move code for the Diem blockchain has been extensively specified and can be completely verified by in a few minutes. Changes in the Diem framework must be successfully verified before being integrated into the open source repository on GitHub.