bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comportamento informacional dos Técnicos de Radiologia
Authors: Almeida Rui , Silva Carlos , Gama Zenewton 
Published: January 2022

Introdução: A prática profissional do Técnico de Radiologia deve ser constantemente revista e questionada, e com processos de tomada de decisão apoiados nas evidências científicas mais recentes, que potenciem a melhoria da qualidade do serviço e a segurança do utente. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho de investigação consistiu em analisar o comportamento informacional dos técnicos de radiologia durante a sua prática clínica.
Materiais e Métodos: Foi adotada uma metodologia quantitativa do tipo descritivo, tendo-se recorrido à aplicação de um inquérito por questionário auto-aplicativo a um total de 101 técnicos de radiologia a exercerem funções nos serviços de radiologia da região do Algarve.
Resultados: Foi obtida uma taxa de resposta de 61.4% (n=62). As fontes de informação mais utilizadas pelos técnicos de radiologia são os motores de busca na Internet (48.4%), seguidos pela consulta a colegas mais experientes (38.7%) e sites de saúde ou outras ferramentas de pesquisa médica (37.1%). 9.7% não utilizou qualquer fonte de informação no último mês. Além disso, constatou-se que as dúvidas mais frequentes no contexto clínico do técnico de radiologia são relativas ao princípio da “Otimização” (29.8%), aos “Parâmetros técnicos de aquisição” (16.1%) e ao princípio da Justificação (13.7%).
Conclusão: Os técnicos de radiologia deste estudo devem melhorar os seus estadios de desenvolvimento no processo de busca de informações, através de educação e treino adequado, de forma a garantirem o suporte e estratégias necessárias ao aumento da eficácia na pesquisa de informações. Para tal, devem ser implementadas estratégias de planeamento, monitorização e avaliação dos resultados da pesquisa bibliográfica.
Vol. 3, N.º 1, Jan-Jun 2022 - "A Investigação nas Ciências Radiológicas"
Authors: ROENTGEN Revista 
Published: January 2022

Quarta publicação da ROENTGEN - Revista Científica das Técnicas Radiológicas, com especial destaque para a temática "A Investigação nas Ciências Radiológicas".
Neste número da ROENTGEN pretendemos sensibilizar os profissionais e estudantes na área das Técnicas Radiológicas, para a importância do desenvolvimento de uma cultura de investigação, indo de encontro às recomendações nacionais e internacionais, mas acima de tudo, indo de encontro à busca de novas soluções para os problemas com que nos iremos deparar ao longo da nossa carreira, ou não fosse esta uma das áreas da saúde com um desenvolvimento tecnológico mais acelerado.
An Insight into the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment of SARS-Cov-2 with a Synopsis of Situation in Malaysia during the 2020 Outbreak
Authors: Zaidah Abdul Rahman  , Yusuf Wada  , Musa S. Kaware  , Suwaiba Muhammad Ladan  
Published: January 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the novel coronavirus (CoV) that emerged from China causing diseases known as COVID-19, mainly involves the respiratory system. It has ravaged through most of the world causing death in huge numbers. CoVs are zoonotic as they are transferred from animals to humans. Several animals have been suggested to be the host for SARS-CoV-2 ranging from bats, camels and pigs. The presence of a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein called spike protein is responsible for CoVs’ ability to penetrate the host’s tissues. The immune response elicited during the proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 is most largely dependent on the macrophages, dendritic cells, T-cells and the human epithelial cells which determine the aftermath and lodging of chemokines and cytokines. The RT-qPCR is the preferred test for the confirmation of the disease although several Rapid Diagnostic Tests are also in use. Remdesivir, favilavir, niclosamide and ciclesonide are promising drugs under clinical trial or research to manage COVID-19. Several vaccines are also under clinical trial phase to mitigate the effect of COVID-19. Malaysia had its index case on the January 24th, 2020 and since then, Malaysia handling of the pandemic have been superb, well planned out and worthy of emulation from other countries. They have carried out an unprecedented number of tests surpassing any other country in the region.
Evaluation of Hepatitis B vaccine Immunogenicity in Relation to ABO and Rhesus Blood Group in vaccinated subjects in Bauchi State, Nigeria
Authors: Thomas, K.M.  , Zakari, H.  , Lar, P.M.  , Vem, T.S.  
Published: January 2022

Hepatitis B virus infection is a global public health issue. It can result in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and liver cirrhosis when not properly managed. The discovery of Hepatitis B vaccine and its incorporation into immunization programmes has brought a drastic decline in the incidence of both chronic and acute hepatitis B. However, this achievement is being confronted by cases of vaccine sub-optimal immune response, non-responsiveness and breakthrough infection which may be associated with the host’s genetic predisposition such as; ABO/Rhesus blood groups and hemoglobin genotype. The study aimed at investigating hepatitis B vaccines responsiveness (immunogenicity) and its association with the hosts’ ABO and Rhesus blood group among vaccinated subjects in Bauchi State Nigeria. This was a cross-sectional investigation comprising of 352 subjects of both sexes from age 1 year to 60 years. Out of the 352 subjects, 196 were vaccinated while 156 were unvaccinated. 5mL of blood samples were collected and analyzed for determination of both ABO and Rhesus blood group while the plasma part of the samples was tested for anti-HBs antibodies by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results revealed that 96(49.0%) of the vaccinated subjects had anti-HBs level ≥ 10 IU/L, 65(33.2%) had ≤ 10 IU/L and 35(17.9%) were non-responders while 26(16.7%) of the unvaccinated subjects had anti-HBs level ≥ 10 IU/L (P = 0.003). On the relationship between the ABO/Rhesus group and vaccine immunogenicity, blood group AB had 100% sub-optimal response while group B had 34.2% suboptimal response and 21% non-responders. Blood group A and O had the highest ≥ 10 IU/L anti-HBs protective level of 52.8% and 50.0% respectively. However, there was no significant association between HBV vaccine responsiveness and hosts’ ABO/Rhesus. The protective rate against HBV infection was moderate. Nevertheless, some blood types had higher responses than others. Therefore, a considerable proportion of vaccinated persons should be considered for either booster doses or revaccination.
Pengaruh Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan Kota Medan
Authors: Hasibuan Reni Ria Armayani , Kartika Anggi , Suwito Firdha Aigha , Agustin Lismaini 
Published: January 2022

This study has the benefit of analyzing the effect of regional gross domestic product on poverty in the city of Medan in 2010-2020. The research method used is a quantitative method with reference to a descriptive approach. The data used is time series data on economic growth and poverty at the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Medan City in 2010-2020. Data collection techniques used are journals, book documentation, and previous reports. The technique of analyzing the data uses simple linear regression analysis which is carried out to determine whether the model used is free from deviations from the classical assumption test. The equations obtained from the simple linear regression analysis test Y = 24576.325 – 0.365X and have the understanding that the GRDP variable (X) has a significant effect on Poverty (Y). Obtained a value of R2 (R square) of 0.556 with the understanding that the independent variable, namely GRDP, affects the variable of the poverty level in Medan City by 55.6%. Meanwhile, the remaining 44.4% are influenced by different independent variables and are not included in this study. For this reason, it can be concluded that when GRDP increases, it will have an impact on decreasing the value of Poverty in Medan City, and vice versa.
Keywords: Gross Regional Domestic Product; Poverty; Medan city
Identificação de Ações Discricionárias do Gestor em Cooperativas de Crédito: Uma aplicação da Lei de Benford
Authors: Theodoro Ricardo , Bonacim Carlos Alberto Grespan , De Moura Costa Davi Rogério 
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Investigar se a Lei de Benford poderia ser uma ferramenta que contribuiria para o aprimoramento do processo de supervisão das cooperativas pelo Banco Central do Brasil (BACEN). Isto é, se sua aplicação aumentaria a assertividade na identificação das cooperativas cujo gestor tem feito escolhas discricionárias que divergem do padrão regulatório. Método: A Lei de Benford foi aplicada a todas as cooperativas de crédito singulares do Brasil, no período 2006 a 2017 - janela com relevante mudança regulatória, para as contas de Receita Operacional, Despesa Operacional, Caixa e Perda Estimada para Clientes/Créditos de Liquidação Duvidosa em diferentes janelas de tempo. Relevância: As evidências discutidas oferecem elementos para aprimoramento de mecanismos de regulação, indicando a possibilidade de os gestores estarem utilizando de seu poder discricionário para influenciar os resultados das cooperativas de crédito singulares. Resultados: O tempo é um fator importante para o uso da ferramenta. Aplicações em períodos longos não capturam as discricionariedades dos gestores devido as potenciais acomodações das variações ao longo do tempo. A periodicidade anual permite à técnica capturar potenciais ações discricionárias nas contas estudadas. Além disso, a técnica se mostrou consistente para gerar uma lista de cooperativas que deveriam ter um processo de fiscalização e/ou averiguação mais intensa. Ainda, indica que os normativos editados em 2015 contribuíram para reduzir o incentivo ao gerenciamento de resultado e/ou fraude nessas organizações. Contribuições metodológicas: A pesquisa preenche a lacuna na literatura sobre cooperativas de crédito, dado que há poucos estudos sobre a prática de ações discricionárias nestas organizações incluindo escolhas contábeis, gerenciamento de resultados, fraude ou erros. As evidências encontradas podem ser um indício de ajuste das cooperativas de crédito ao padrão do setor em função da adoção das resoluções nº 4.434 e nº 4.454. A Lei de Benford também se mostra útil como ferramenta para seleção de amostras para auditorias, podendo aprimorar o trabalho dos órgãos de fiscalização.
BioRT-Flux-PIHM v1.0: a biogeochemical reactive transport model at the watershed scale
Authors: Zhi Wei , Shi Yuning , Wen Hang , Saberi Leila , Ng Gene-Hua Crystal , Sadayappan Kayalvizhi , Kerins Devon , Stewart Bryn , Li Li 
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Watersheds are the fundamental Earth surface functioning units that connect the land to aquatic systems. Many watershed-scale models represent hydrological processes but not biogeochemical reactive transport processes. This has limited our capability to understand and predict solute export, water chemistry and quality, and Earth system response to changing climate and anthropogenic conditions. Here we present a recently developed BioRT-Flux-PIHM (BioRT hereafter) v1.0, a watershed-scale biogeochemical reactive transport model. The model augments the previously developed RT-Flux-PIHM that integrates land-surface interactions, surface hydrology, and abiotic geochemical reactions. It enables the simulation of (1) shallow and deep-water partitioning to represent surface runoff, shallow soil water, and deeper groundwater and of (2) biotic processes including plant uptake, soil respiration, and nutrient transformation. The reactive transport part of the code has been verified against the widely used reactive transport code CrunchTope. BioRT-Flux-PIHM v1.0 has recently been applied in multiple watersheds under diverse climate, vegetation, and geological conditions. This paper briefly introduces the governing equations and model structure with a focus on new aspects of the model. It also showcases one hydrology example that simulates shallow and deep-water interactions and two biogeochemical examples relevant to nitrate and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). These examples are illustrated in two simulation modes of complexity. One is the spatially lumped mode (i.e., two land cells connected by one river segment) that focuses on processes and average behavior of a watershed. Another is the spatially distributed mode (i.e., hundreds of cells) that includes details of topography, land cover, and soil properties. Whereas the spatially lumped mode represents averaged properties and processes and temporal variations, the spatially distributed mode can be used to understand the impacts of spatial structure and identify hot spots of biogeochemical reactions. The model can be used to mechanistically understand coupled hydrological and biogeochemical processes under gradients of climate, vegetation, geology, and land use conditions.
SOCIOLINGUISTICS ANALYSIS OF TABOO WORDS IN MINAHASA DISTRICT KOMBI
Authors: Nonutu B. Imanuel Rekhab , Oroh Elisabeth Z , Andries Fivy A 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK

This research aims at: (1) Identifying and classifying types of taboo words in Kombi District, Minahasa Regency. (2) Knowing the function of people using taboo words in Kombi District, Minahasa Regency. This research uses qualitative research. The subjects in this study were 15 adults aged at least 20-60 years in Kombi District, especially in the villages where the research was conducted, namely in Lalumpe, Ranowangko, Rerer, Makalisung, and Kalawiran villages. And the main instrument in this research is the researcher himself, using the Technique of Observation, Interview, Documentation, and Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using sociolinguistics analysis.
Research result: (1) Types of taboo words in Kombi District, Minahasa Regency have 30 types of taboo words that are still remembered and used by several people in villages in Kombi District. (2) The functions of taboo words in Kombi District, Minahasa Regency include an expression of annoyance, as an emotional outlet, and also as an expression of greeting to friends or relatives who are already familiar (for some people).
THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF LITERACY TEACHING LESSONS IN THE FORMATION OF A SYSTEM OF PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES IN PRIMARY CLASSES
Authors: Atamurodova G. 
Published: January 2022

Ushbu maqolada Boshlang‘ich sinflarda savod o‘rgatish darslarida talaffuz mashqlarini ishlab chiqish, o‘quvchi nutqini rivojlantirishda zamonaviy ta’lim texnologiyalardan foydalanish, O‘quvchida sayqallangan, ravon nutqni shakllantirish, tovush-harf tizimini o‘quvchi ongiga har xil pedagogik usullar bilan singdirish hamda o‘quvchini ijodiy fikrlash borasida, savod o‘rgatish darslarining o‘rni va ahamiyati haqida tadqiq etiladi.
The article discusses the development of pronunciation in literacy classes in primary school, the use of modern educational technologies in the development of a student’s speech, the formation of a well-honed, fluent speech in a student, various pedagogical techniques and creative thinking skills. student thinking, role and meaning of literacy lessons.
В статье обсуждается развитие произношения на уроках грамотности в начальной школе, использование современных образовательных технологий в развитии речи ученика, формирование у ученика отточенной, беглой речи, различные педагогические приемы и навыки творческого мышления. мышление учащихся, роль и значение уроков грамотности.
Keimanan Antara Keamanan dan Ancaman (Studi kolerasi dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’ān dan Al-Hadīth)
Authors: Yakin Muhammad Chusnul 
Published: January 2022

Keamanan adalah anugrah terbesar dari Allah kepada makhluk, karena hal itu merupakan sumber keseimbangan stabilitas, keamanan dan ketenteraman, bahkan merupakan salah satu tuntutan dasar yang tidak asing bagi seluruh tingkat individu, keluarga, regional dan internasional. Itulah sebabnya tidak ada negara di seluruh dunia yang tidak lepas dari pusat studi keamanan. bahkan, penelitian tentang keamanan di akhirat, sehingga terwujud keamanan dan stabilitas bagi pemiliknya diakhirat. Keamanan bukanlah kata, melainkan tujuan mulia yang hanya bisa dicapai dengan keikhlasan Iman, dan itu adalah prinsip utama dari iman. Tidak ada keamanan dan keselamatan kecuali dengan keimanan. Karena Iman adalah keyakinan dilubuk hati, dan diungkapkan dengan lisan, kemudian amal dengan anggota badan, maka makna inilah yang membuahkan keamanan dan kedamaian bagi pemiliknya, karena ucapan dan tindakannya mengungkapkan keikhlasan hati, sehingga tidak ada tipu muslihat atau kemunafikan. Akan tapi takut akan Allah dan siksa-Nya. Ketika keamanan memiliki hubungan dengan iman, upaya yang dilakukan untuk menggoyahkan pondasinya Sangat kuat hingga menggetarkan sistem keamanan dan menerabas batasan-batasanya, kemudian tersebarnya fitnah yang menguasai manusia kemudian mengatakan bahwa iman adalah sumber kekacauan dan yang berpegang teguh dengannya adalah orang-orang rusak, sehingga tidak ada kejahatan yang terjadi kecuali sedikit sekali bahwa adalah kejahatan orang-orang beriman maka bergoncanglah keseimbangan hidup sehingga kemulian menjadi dimiliki orang yang tak memiliki iman. dan artikel ini ditulis untuk mengomentari dan mengubah apa yang dikatakan tentang iman, dan telah terbukti bahwa iman adalah akar keamanan dan keamanan.
EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR: BUSCANDO ALUNOS REFLEXIVOS
Authors: Gaier Adriana de Matos 
Published: January 2022

Este estudo teve como objetivo oportunizar aos alunos da disciplina de Educação Física a possibilidade de fazê- los refletir sobre a prática pedagógica da aula e a importância da Educação Física em suas vidas, realizando uma ação participativa entre pesquisadores e estagiários da disciplina de Prática de Ensino em Educação Física da UFSM. Esta pesquisa de característica participativa foi desenvolvida na Escola Estadual Padre Rômulo Zanchi no município de Santa Maria-RS. Participaram deste estudo, três estagiários da Prática de Ensino em Educação Física da UFSM e seus respectivos alunos das 4a séries do ensino fundamental. Utilizou-se o processo de observação participante, na qual várias aulas foram observadas, para verificar as açõesdos estagiários durante as reflexões com os alunos. Os estagiários utilizaram como método as entrevistas e osquestionamentos para incentivar os alunos a refletirem. A avaliação deste estudo permite concluir que foi possibilitado um espaço nas aulas de Educação Física para os alunos refletirem sobre a prática pedagógica da aula, sendo que estes refleti­ram sobre suas próprias ações, que, muitas vezes, são as que geram os problemas que interferem durante a aula, bem como sobre a importância dos conteúdos trabalhados e também a relação destes com suas vidas. Acreditamos que este processo contribuiu para a busca de um pensamento reflexivo e crítico dos alunos, tornan­do-os mais participativos, responsáveis e sujeitos do processo ensino-aprendizagem. Entretanto, foi difícil avaliar o nível de aprofundamento da reflexão dos alunos, pois este é um processo que deve ser gradativo.
Wall shear stress on vascular smooth muscle cells exerts angiogenic effects on extracranial arteriovenous malformations
Authors: Ryu Jeong Yeop , Park Tae Hyun , Lee Joon Seok , Oh Eun Jung , Kim Hyun Mi , Lee Seok-Jong , Lee Jongmin , Lee Sang Yub , Huh Seung , Kim Ji Yoon , Im Saewon , Chung Ho Yun 
Published: January 2022

Background In addition to vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are subject to continuous shear stress because of blood circulation. The angiogenic properties of VSMCs in extracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) may exceed those of normal blood vessels if the body responds more sensitively to mechanical stimuli. This study was performed to investigate the hypothesis that rapid angiogenesis may be achieved by mechanical shear stress.
Methods VSMCs were obtained from six patients who had AVMs and six normal controls. The target genes were set to angiopoietin-2 (AGP2), aquaporin-1 (AQP1), and transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1). Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time PCR were implemented to identify the expression levels for target genes. Immunofluorescence was also conducted.
Results Under the shear stress condition, mean relative quantity values of AGP2, AQP1, and TGFBR1 in AVM tissues were 1.927±0.528, 1.291±0.031, and 2.284±1.461 when compared with neutral conditions. The expression levels of all three genes in AVMs were higher than those in normal tissue except for AQP1 under shear stress conditions. Immunofluorescence also revealed increased staining of shear stress-induced genes in the normal tissue and in AVM tissue.
Conclusions Shear stress made the VSMCs of AVMs more sensitive. Although the pathogenesis of AVMs remains unclear, our study showed that biomechanical stimulation imposed by shear stress may aggravate angiogenesis in AVMs.
Fingertip reconstruction with a subcutaneous flap and composite graft composed of nail bed and volar pulp skin
Authors: Koh Sung Hoon , Park Ilou , Kim Jin Soo , Lee Dong Chul , Roh Si Young , Lee Kyung Jin , Hong Min Ki 
Published: January 2022

Background Fingertip injuries are very common; however, the reconstruction of volar pulp defects with nail bed defects is challenging in the absence of the amputated segment. We reconstructed fingertip amputations with nail bed defects using a new surgical approach: a subcutaneous flap and composite graft.
Methods We treated 10 fingertip amputation patients without an amputated segment, with exposed distal phalangeal bone and full-thickness nail bed defects between February 2018 and December 2020. All patients underwent two-stage surgery: in the first stage, a subcutaneous flap was performed to cover the exposed distal phalanx, and in the second stage, a composite graft, consisting of nail bed, hyponychium, and volar pulp skin, was applied over the subcutaneous flap.
Results All flaps survived and all composite grafts were successful. The wounds healed without any significant complications, including the donor site. The average follow-up duration was 11.2 months (range, 3–27 months). The new nail and the shape of the volar pulp were evaluated during follow-up. All patients were satisfied with their natural fingertip shapes and the new nails did not have any serious deformities.
Conclusions A subcutaneous flap in combination with a composite graft fitting the shape of the defect could be another option for fingertip injuries without amputated segments.
Division of a single free flap in multiple digit reconstruction
Authors: Kim Jin Soo , Song Cheon Ho , Roh Si Young , Koh Sung Hoon , Lee Dong Chul , Lee Kyung Jin 
Published: January 2022

Background Single free flaps are a commonly used reconstructive method for multiple soft tissue defects in digits. We analyzed the flap size, division timing, and degree of necrosis in cases with various types of flap division.
Methods We conducted a retrospective review of the medical charts of patients who had undergone single free flap reconstruction for multiple soft tissue defects across their digits from 2011 to 2020. The flap types included were the lateral arm free flap, venous forearm free flap, thenar free flap, hypothenar free flap, anterolateral thigh free flap, medial plantar free flap, and second toe pulp free flap. Flap size, anastomosed vessels, division timing, and occurrence of flap necrosis were retrospectively investigated and then analyzed using the t-test.
Results In total, 75 patients were included in the analysis. The success rate of the free flaps was 97.3%. All flaps were successfully divided after at least 17 days, with a mean of 47.17 days (range, 17–243 days) for large flaps and 42.81 days (range, 20–130 days) for the medium and small flaps (P=0.596). The mean area of flap necrosis was 2.38% in the large flaps and 2.58% in the medium and small flaps (P=0.935). Severe necrosis of the divided flap developed in two patients who had undergone flap division at week 6 and week 34.
Conclusions In cases where blood flow to the flap has been stable for more than 3 weeks, flap division can be safely attempted regardless of the flap size.