bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transition‐Linker Containing Detergents for Membrane Protein Studies
Authors: Luo Weiling , Yang Meifang , Zhao Yitian , Wang Huixia , Yang Xiaodi , Zhang Wei , Zhao Fei , Zhao Suwen , Tao Houchao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIt is a pressing need, but still challenging to explore the structure and function of membrane proteins (MPs). One of the main obstacles is the limited availability of matched detergents for the handling of specific MPs. We describe herein the design of new detergents by incorporation of a transition linker between the hydrophilic head and the hydrophobic tail. This design allows a gradual change of hydrophobicity between the outside and inside of micelles, in contrast to the abrupt switch in conventional detergents. Notably, many of these detergents assembled into micelles in while retaining low critical micelle concentrations. Meanwhile, thermal stabilizing evaluation identified superior detergents for representative MPs, including G protein‐coupled receptors and a transporter protein. Among them, further improved the NMR study of MPs. We anticipate these that results will encourage future detergent expansion through new remodeling on the traditional detergent scaffold.
Analysis of biases in automatic white balance datasets and methods
Authors: Buzzelli Marco , Zini Simone , Bianco Simone , Ciocca Gianluigi , Schettini Raimondo , Tchobanou Mikhail K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAnnotated datasets for automatic white balance (AWB) are used for the evaluation and, when necessary, the training, of AWB methods. Relying on such datasets requires awareness of the potential bias in their content and characteristics: some methods are designed to rely on the presence of particular elements, such as human skin, while other methods learn implicit relationships between image content and light properties from training data. The dependency on these relationships makes it fundamental to understand whether the available datasets are actually representative of common application scenarios, such as the presence of human subjects, the diversity of composition, or the illumination conditions. In this paper we overview the most common datasets for Automatic White Balance, including those for single as well as multiple illuminant estimation, providing a critical analysis on their characteristics. Furthermore, we identify a number of existing methods for single illuminant estimation, as a representative pool of approaches to the problem with various levels of complexity. We investigate how the performance of these correlate to the image content of common datasets.
Towards Nematic Phases in Ionic Liquid Crystals – A Simulation Study
Authors: Haege Christian , Jagiella Stefan , Giesselmann Frank 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIonic liquid crystals (ILCs) are soft matter materials with broad liquid crystalline phases and intrinsic electric conductivity. They typically consist of a rod‐shaped mesogenic ion and a smaller spherical counter‐ion. Their mesomorphic properties can be easily tuned by exchanging the counter ion. ILCs show a strong tendency to form smectic A phases due to the segregation of ionic and the non‐ionic molecular segments. Nematic phases are therefore extremely rare in ILCs and the question of why nematic phases are so exceptional in existing ILCs, and how nematic ILCs might be obtained in the future is of vital interest for both the fundamental understanding and the potential applications of ILCs. Here, we present the result of a simulation study, which highlights the crucial role of the location of the ionic charge on the rod‐like mesogenic ions in the phase behaviour of ILCs. We find that shifting the charge from the ends towards the centre of the mesogenic ion destabilizes the liquid crystalline state and induces a change from smectic A to nematic phases.
Temperature–habitat interactions constrain seasonal activity in a continental array of pitfall traps
Authors: Kaspari Michael , Weiser Michael D. , Marshall Katie E. , Siler Cameron D. , de Beurs Kirsten 
Published: September 2022

AbstractActivity density (AD), the rate at which animals collectively move through their environment, emerges as the product of a taxon's local abundance and its velocity. We analyze drivers of seasonal AD using 47 localities from the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) both to better understand variation in ecosystem rates like pollination and seed dispersal as well as the constraints of using AD to monitor invertebrate populations. AD was measured as volume from biweekly pitfall trap arrays (ml trap−1 14 days−1). Pooled samples from 2017 to 2018 revealed AD extrema at most temperatures but with a strongly positive overall slope. However, habitat types varied widely in AD's seasonal temperature sensitivity, from negative in wetlands to positive in mixed forest, grassland, and shrub habitats. The temperature of maximum AD varied threefold across the 47 localities; it tracked the threefold geographic variation in maximum growing season temperature with a consistent gap of ca. 3°C across habitats, a novel macroecological result. AD holds potential as an effective proxy for investigating ecosystem rates driven by activity. However, our results suggest that its use for monitoring insect abundance is complicated by the many ways that both abundance and velocity are constrained by a locality's temperature and plant physiognomy.
Population Pharmacokinetics of Patritumab Deruxtecan in Patients With Solid Tumors
Authors: Lu Yasong , Shimizu Shinji , Sawamura Ryoko , Tajima Naoyuki , He Ling , Lee Mark , Abutarif Malaz , Shi Rong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPatritumab deruxtecan is an antibody–drug conjugate consisting of a fully human monoclonal antibody against human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) attached to a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload via a tetrapeptide‐based cleavable linker. As part of the pharmacometric analysis informing dose selection for later‐stage development, population pharmacokinetics (PK) analysis of patritumab deruxtecan was conducted with pooled serum PK data from patients with HER3‐expressing solid tumors (from 3 phase 1/2 studies in breast, lung, and colorectal cancer; N = 425) treated over the dose range of 1.6 to 8.0 mg/kg intravenously every 3 weeks. Population PK modeling for deruxtecan (DXd)‐conjugated antibody (representing patritumab deruxtecan) and unconjugated MAAA‐1181a (DXd, payload) was carried out sequentially. DXd‐conjugated antibody PK was described using a 2‐compartment model with parallel linear and nonlinear clearance. Unconjugated DXd PK was described using a 1‐compartment model with linear clearance and release of DXd as a first‐order, time‐dependent function of the level of DXd‐conjugated antibody in the central compartment. Preliminary covariate evaluation was conducted for prespecified covariates of pharmacological plausibility and clinical interest. The final model retained weight (on linear clearance and central volume) and albumin level, sex, and tumor type (on linear clearance) for DXd‐conjugated antibody, and weight (on release rate constant) and hepatic function (on clearance) for unconjugated DXd. Effects of these covariates on the exposure metrics were generally mild and did not require dose adjustment for subpopulations in subsequent development. Further PK characterization for patritumab deruxtecan will evolve with emerging data.
Body composition from single versus multi‐slice abdominal computed tomography: Concordance and associations with colorectal cancer survival
Authors: Anyene Ijeamaka , Caan Bette , Williams Grant R. , Popuri Karteek , Lenchik Leon , Giri Smith , Chow Vincent , Beg Mirza Faisal , Cespedes Feliciano Elizabeth M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundComputed tomography (CT) scans are routinely obtained in oncology and provide measures of muscle and adipose tissue predictive of morbidity and mortality. Automated segmentation of CT has advanced past single slices to multi‐slice measurements, but the concordance of these approaches and their associations with mortality after cancer diagnosis have not been compared.MethodsA total of 2871 patients with colorectal cancer diagnosed during 2012–2017 at Kaiser Permanente Northern California underwent abdominal CT scans as part of routine clinical care from which mid‐L3 cross‐sectional areas and multi‐slice T12–L5 volumes of skeletal muscle (SKM), subcutaneous adipose (SAT), visceral adipose (VAT) and intermuscular adipose (IMAT) tissues were assessed using Data Analysis Facilitation Suite, an automated multi‐slice segmentation platform. To facilitate comparison between single‐slice and multi‐slice measurements, sex‐specific z‐scores were calculated. Pearson correlation coefficients and Bland–Altman analysis were used to quantify agreement. Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for death adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, height, and tumour site and stage.ResultsSingle‐slice area and multi‐slice abdominal volumes were highly correlated for all tissues (SKMR = 0.92,P < 0.001; SATR = 0.97,P < 0.001; VATR = 0.98,P < 0.001; IMATR = 0.89,P < 0.001). Bland–Altman plots had a bias of 0 (SE: 0.00), indicating high average agreement between measures. The limits of agreement were narrowest for VAT (  0.42 SD) and SAT (  0.44 SD), and widest for SKM (  0.78 SD) and IMAT (  0.92 SD). The HRs had overlapping CIs, and similar magnitudes and direction of effects; for example, a 1‐SD increase in SKM area was associated with an 18% decreased risk of death (HR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.72–0.92), versus 15% for volume from T12 to L5 (HR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.75–0.96).ConclusionsSingle‐slice L3 areas and multi‐slice T12–L5 abdominal volumes of SKM, VAT, SAT and IMAT are highly correlated. Associations between area and volume measures with all‐cause mortality were similar, suggesting that they are equivalent tools for population studies if body composition is assessed at a single timepoint. Future research should examine longitudinal changes in multi‐slice tissues to improve individual risk prediction.
Geriatric oral health care content and barriers to its incorporation in undergraduate nursing curricula: New Zealand survey
Authors: Veerasamy Arthi , Lyons Karl , Crabtree Ian , Brunton Paul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionAn increasingly older population demands major remodeling of our health care system. Older adults are most likely to be affected by the oral‐systemic connection due to their impairment in functional capacity and reduced ability to undertake routine oral care. An economic way to improve oral health outcomes in older populations is by involving nurses and caregivers in ensuring the maintenance of oral health for older adults. This study aimed to investigate the present educational content relevant to the oral health of older adults, the oral‐systemic connection, and assessment methods in New Zealand nursing education.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted among nursing educators to understand the extent of oral health care education. Quantitative descriptive data were analyzed using SPSS software and qualitative data were analyzed descriptively and presented as themes.ResultsThe results indicated that the majority of oral health topics were already incorporated into nursing education, however most important topics such as risk factors associated with dental caries, periodontal health, and risk factors are not taught in almost 40% of the schools. The four themes identified in qualitative analyses are “no barrier”, “lack of expertise”, “no space for more content” and oral health content “already included”.ConclusionEducators reported that oral health topics are already incorporated into New Zealand undergraduate nursing curricula. However, the quantity and quality of oral health content relevant to older adults need to be improved and updated to suit the current oral health care needs of the growing older population.
A randomized controlled, non‐inferiority trial of Moodle online learning for basic life support training on learning outcomes among dental students
Authors: Boonmak Suhattaya , Plailaharn Narin , Sripadungkul Darunee , Somjit Monsicha , Gaysonsiri Dhanu , Boonmak Polpun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesDental students require basic life support (BLS) training to build their competency in cardiac arrest response. Online learning differs from the types of learning commonly practiced in Asia. We compared online learning and didactic lecture for BLS training in Thai dental students on knowledge, skill, and satisfaction.MethodsThis was a randomized controlled, single‐blinded, non‐inferiority trial in fifth‐year students from Khon Kaen University's Faculty of Dentistry from August 2015 to February 2016. Online learning was conducted using Modular Object‐Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment (Moodle) 2.9 and required 90 min. Those in the didactic lecture group received a 90‐min lecture covering similar content. Both groups received 2 h of skill training. After training, we evaluated their ability to pass a skills test, knowledge scores (immediately after training and 3 months later), and course satisfaction (5‐point Likert scale).ResultsWe included 78 students and randomized them to online learning (39) or didactic lecture (39). The difference in proportion (95% confidence interval [CI]) of students passing the skills test on their first attempt was −1.5 (−20.8, 23.8), and all passed on their second attempt. The mean differences (95% CI) between the groups’ immediate and 3 months knowledge scores were −2.5 (−6.2, 1.2), and −1.3 (−4.9, 2.3), respectively. The mean difference (95% CI) in satisfaction score was 0.02 (−0.28, 0.32).ConclusionOnline learning and didactic lectures yielded comparable knowledge and skills, including satisfaction in Thai dental students. Online BLS training may alternatively aim for self‐paced learning and increase flexibility. The recommendation is to increase online BLS learning in Thai culture.
Undiagnosed gastric adenocarcinoma causing progressive respiratory failure
Authors: Clayton‐Chubb Daniel , Chan Ewan , Schneider Daniel , Riley Brooke , Dwyer Jeremy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is a rare manifestation of malignancy. Pulmonary tumor emboli and associated fibrous intimal hyperplasia cause widespread pulmonary vascular stenosis/occlusion, which in turn increase pulmonary vascular resistance and lead to pulmonary hypertension. Gastric cancer is the most common underlying malignancy that leads to PTTM, and patients may present with dyspnea or other features of pulmonary hypertension prior to the diagnosis of cancer. In this short report, we describe a case of pulmonary hypertension due to gastric cancer associated PTTM. Endoscopic and histopathologic findings are shown, and a brief review of the literature is presented.
Effects of magnetic nanoscale combined radio frequency or microwave thawing on conformation of sea bass myosin heavy chain: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Zhang Wendi , Tian Fang , Liu Shucheng , Cai Luyun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe consumption of frozen foods inevitably involves a thawing process. Protein conformation changes during a short thawing process and the quantification of their effects remains challenging. Molecular dynamics simulations can be used to evaluate the conformational changes of protein occurring in food processing.RESULTSIn the present study, four different thawing methods were used [i.e. magnetic nanometer combined with microwave thawing (MT‐Mag), magnetic nanometer combined with radio frequency thawing (RT‐Mag), radio frequency thawing (RT) and microwave thawing (MT)] to change the conformation of myosin heavy chain (MHC). The results obtained showed that, compared with the fresh sample, the hydrogen bond number and radius of gyration of the RT‐Mag and RT groups were less decreased. Visual molecular dynamics STRIDE analysis showed that the content of the α helix was relatively high in the RT‐Mag and MT‐Mag groups.CONCLUSIONThese simulation results indicate that RT‐Mag can be used as an effective method for promoting the thawing process of fish and better stabilizing the protein structure. These conclusions provide a theoretical realization for understanding the protein conformational transition during the thawing process and the realization of quantification and also provide guidance for choosing better thawing conditions without loss of nutritional properties. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
LINC00536 knockdown inhibits breast cancer cells proliferation, invasion, and migration through regulation of the miR‐4282/centromere protein F axis
Authors: Zhou Mei‐Feng , Wang Wei , Wang Lin , Tan Jin‐Dian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) poses a huge threat to women's health. Growing evidence has shown lncRNAs play critical roles in BC progression. However, the effect of LINC00536 in BC remains unknown. LINC00536, miR‐4282, and centromere protein F (CENPF) expressions in BC cells were determined using qPCR assay. Colony formation assay was employed to evaluate the cell proliferation of BC cells. Besides, cell migration and invasion were evaluated using the transwell assay. FISH assay was employed to analyze LINC00536 and miR‐4282 locations in BC cells. Additionally, dual luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to verify the binding relationships between LINC00536 and miR‐4282, miR‐4282 and CENPF. Here, our results displayed that LINC00536 and CENPF were overexpressed in BC cells, while miR‐4282 was downregulated. LINC00536 could negatively regulate miR‐4282 expression via directly binding to miR‐4282. LINC00536 silence suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of BC cells, which was abolished by miR‐4282 inhibition. Additionally, miR‐4282 could negatively regulate CENPF expression via directly binding to CENPF. MiR‐4282 overexpression suppressed BC development, which was abolished by CENPF overexpression. Finally, we proved that LINC00536 silencing suppressed BC growth via regulating the miR‐4282/CENPF axis in vivo. Our research displayed that LINC00536 acted as an oncogene in BC. LINC00536‐enhanced BC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, LINC00536 functioned as a ceRNA to exert malignant characteristics in BC via the miR‐4282–CENPF axis. Collectively, our results demonstrated that the LINC00536–miR‐4282–CENPF axis was a critical player in BC development and was a promising target for BC therapy.
Understanding ground‐up community development from a practice perspective
Authors: Russell Cormac 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article offers a practice perspective on Community Development from the ground up regarding health and well‐being. It advocates for a departure from traditional Community Engagement approaches, arguing that they fall short of relocating authority to communities as influential health producers. The author affirms that Asset‐Based Community Development (ABCD) approaches are preferable Community Engagement practices, as they offer more authentic pathways toward community‐centred population health and wellbeing. The article concludes that once effective ground‐up community development has been initiated supplementary efforts at reform and relief are more likely to have desired and sustained impact.
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5‐bisphosphate‐specific phospholipase C β1 selectively binds dipalmitoyl and distearoyl phosphatidic acids via Lys946 and Lys951
Authors: Hoshino Fumi , Nakayama Maika , Furuta Masataka , Murakami Chiaki , Kato Ayumu , Sakane Fumio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPhospholipase C (PLC) β1 hydrolyzes 1‐stearoyl‐2‐arachidonoyl (18:0/20:4)‐phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) 4,5‐bisphosphate to produce diacylglycerol, which is converted to phosphatidic acid (PtdOH), in the PtdIns cycle and plays pivotal roles in intracellular signal transduction. The present study identified PLCβ1 as a PtdOH‐binding protein using PtdOH‐containing liposomes. Moreover, the comparison of the binding of PLCβ1 to various PtdOH species, including 14:0/14:0‐PtdOH, 16:0/16:0‐PtdOH, 16:0/18:1‐PtdOH, 18:0/18:1‐PtdOH, 18:0/18:0‐PtdOH, 18:1/18:1‐PtdOH, 18:0/20:4‐PtdOH, and 18:0/22:6‐PtdOH, indicated that the interaction of PLCβ1 with 16:0/16:0‐PtdOH was the strongest. The PLCβ1‐binding activity of 18:0/18:0‐PtdOH was almost the same as the binding activity of 16:0/16:0‐PtdOH. Furthermore, the binding of PLCβ1 to 16:0/16:0‐PtdOH was substantially stronger than 16:0/16:0‐phosphatidylserine, 16:0/16:0/16:0/16:0‐cardiolipin, 16:0/16:0‐PtdIns, and 18:0/20:4‐PtdIns. We revealed that a PLCβ1 mutant whose Lys946 and Lys951 residues were replaced with Glu (PLCβ1‐KE) did not interact with 16:0/16:0‐PtdOH and failed to localize to the plasma membrane in Neuro‐2a cells. Retinoic acid‐dependent increase in neurite length and numbers was significantly inhibited in PLCβ1‐expressing cells; however, this considerable attenuation was not detected in the cells expressing PLCβ1‐KE. Overall, these results strongly suggest that PtdOHs containing only saturated fatty acids, including 16:0/16:0‐PtdOH, which are not derived from the PtdIns cycle, selectively bind to PLCβ1 and regulate its function.
Transferring pectoral muscle flap to depleted neck to create a new recipient source for free flaps in head and neck reconstruction
Authors: Gur Ersin , Tiftikcioglu Yigit Ozer , Ozturk Kerem 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe thoracoacromial vessels (TA) are one of the options as recipient for free flaps in head and neck reconstruction when the neck is depleted. However, it has limitations such as need of vein graft or kinking and being under pressure on clavicle. The authors describe a new modification of using pectoral branch of TA as recipient vessel.Patients and MethodsBetween July 2019 and January 2022, 8 patients (1 female, 7 male) underwent head and neck reconstructions with free flaps. Age of patients ranged from 53 to 73 years old. All surgeries were because of SCC. Defects were including 3 total lower lip, 2 pharyngoesophageal defects, 1 cheek, lower and upper lip, 1 mandible, cheek and mount floor and 1 tongue and mount floor. Defects were between 12 × 5 cm and 21 × 9 cm. Pectoral branch of TA was transposed to the depleted neck as pectoral muscle flap to prevent kinking and pressure. Over the clavicle, the proximal root of the pedicle of muscle was found and dissected distally until tensionless anastomoses could be accomplished between the muscle and free flaps. ALT, MSAP, and Radial forearm free flaps were used as free flaps. In one patient the fibula and ALT flaps were used as flow through so the pedicle of ALT flap was anastomosed to pectoral muscle pedicle. Pectoral muscle was rotated 180° on its horizontal axis after finishing anastomoses to guard anastomoses from radiated neck skin. Muscle was fixed to sternocleidomastoid muscle with sutures to maintain its position. All donor sites were closed primarily.ResultsThe diameter of recipient artery was between 1 and 1.6 mm. The veins were approximately same as arteries. All anastomosis were performed end‐to‐end fashion. Three patients needed skin grafts to closure of tight radiated neck skin. Complications as 1 hematoma and 1 wound dehiscence were salvaged successfully. All flaps survived. Patients were followed up between 2 and 6 months. Our first patient died at post‐operative 6th month so long follow‐up could not be achieved. The final outcomes such as chewing, oral competence and swallowing were successful for remaining patients.ConclusionTransposing TA as pectoral muscle flap to the neck can decrease need of vein graft and prevent kinking or pressure of the pedicle on the clavicle.