bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Rabbiteye Blueberry Seed Germination1
Authors: Austin M. E. , Cundiff J. S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Blueberry seeds (Vaccinium ashei Reade cv. Tifblue) were aspirated into several terminal velocity (TV) grades in an elutriation column. Different light and temperature environments were used to germinate the seeds. In all tests, germination was best at TV grades 2.23 and 2.45. Seed remaining in the air columns after aspiration did not germinate. Light was necessary for germination.
Physiology and Inheritance of Efficiency in Potassium Utilization in Tomatoes Grown under Potassium Stress1
Authors: Makmur Amris , Gerloff G. C. , Gabelman W. H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Genetic control of efficiency in K utilization was investigated by screening 156 lines of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in nutrient culture solution (one plant per container) at a stress level of K (5 mg per plant). Efficiency in K utilization was defined and expressed as the mg of dry weight produced per mg of K absorbed by a plant (KER). Under K stress, an efficient line produced an average of 79% more dry wt than an inefficient line. Yields of the lines were comparable under adequate K (200 mg per plant). The efficient lines contained 39% less K and 29% more Na in their tissues when grown at the low levels of K. Differences in K uptake or translocation of K from roots to shoots could not explain variations in efficiency of K utilization. Partial substitution of K by Na was important in high K efficiency. However, part of the efficiency was associated with K functions for which Na could not substitute. One line responded favorably to Na even at moderate levels of K. Additive gene effects made the major contribution to variation in efficiency of K utilization. Dominance and epistatic gene effects were important only in 1 of the 4 inefficient × efficient families and in families derived from parents of similar efficiency. No evidence for maternal control of efficiency in K utilization was observed.
Effect of Nine Controlled-release Fertilizers on Chrysanthemum Growth and Foliar Analysis
Authors: Sharma Govind C. , Patel Ashwin J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the paper, Effect of Nine Controlled-release Fertilizers on Chrysanthemum Growth and Foliar Analysis by Govind C. Sharma and Ashwin J. Patel (J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 103 (2): 148-150; 1978), the following correction should be made: The mean separation symbol for high rate of OSC-A in Table 3 should be “a” instead of “b.” Also, in Table 4, MagZmP should be read as MagAmP.
Leafminer Resistance in Muskmelon1
Authors: Kennedy G. G. , Bohn G. W. , Stoner A. K. , Webb Ralph E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Potentially useful levels of resistance to the leafminer, Liriomyza sativae Blanchard (= munda Frick), in Cucumis melo L. were identified in greenhouse and field studies in different years and widely separated locations. Resistant lines were identified as those having the least number of mines per leaf in a given test. Two apparently distinct sources of resistance were found in Plant Introduction (PI) 282448 from Africa and PI 313970 from India. In a single test of F1 hybrids the resistance of PI 282448 appeared to be controlled by recessive genes, while that of PI 313970 appeared to be controlled by partially dominant genes. Plant introductions from Central Asia and East Asia were, in general, the most susceptible.
Ripening, Respiration, and Ethylene Production of ‘Hass’ Avocado Fruits at 20° to 40°C1
Authors: Eaks Irving L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The respiratory rate, ethylene production and ripening of mature ‘Hass’ avocado fruits (Persea americana Mill.) were determined at 20° to 40°C. Typical climacteric patterns occurred at 20°, 25°, 30° and 35° with the climacteric maximum increasing with temperature, but only a decreasing respiratory rate with time was observed at 40°. Maximum ethylene production decreased as the temperature increased, with a significant decrease between 25° and 30°, only trace amounts were produced at 35° and essentially no ethylene production was detected at 40°. The ripened fruit quality was excellent at 20°, 25° and 30°, fair at 35° and abnormal and unacceptable at 40°. Fruit held at 40° for up to 2 days resumed ripening when transferred to 20°. The exposure to exogenous ethylene or propylene hastened the ripening response up to 35°, however at 40° the respiratory rate was increased, but ethylene production and normal ripening did not occur.
Yield Component Analysis in the Cranberry1
Authors: Eaton G. W. , Kyte T. R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Yield component analysis was used to study the components of yield diversity in cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.). The proportion of uprights flowering and fruit-set were identified as important contributors to yield diversity. Numbers of uprights, flowers per flowering upright, and fruit-size were less important. Isolated yield components were largely influenced by uncontrolled variation. However, component compensation effects were identified. Fruit-set compensated for uprights/dm2 in several areas. Fruit-size compensated for uprights/dm2 and fruit-set for flower number in only one area. Fruit-set and fruit-size were positively correlated in two cases. The numerical techniques employed have positively identified promising areas for further research.
Wet Soil Stress Effects on Sweet Potatoes1
Authors: Ton Chew Soo , Hernandez Teme P. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Serious effects of wet soil on fleshy roots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) were losses from rots at harvest and increased shrinkage losses in storage. Other injurious effects were losses in storage of carotenoid pigments, dry matter content, and baking quality. Highly significant differences occurred among cultivars. Total yield was significantly negatively correlated with dry matter content of fleshy roots in 1975 (r = −0.22) and in 1976 (r = −0.17). Dry matter content of sweet potatoes at harvest was significantly negatively correlated with weight loss from rots after 30 days storage in 1975 (r = −0.20). The weight loss from root shrinkage during curing and after 30 days of storage was positively correlated in 1975 (r = 0.73) and in 1976 (r = 0.87). Significant differences between cultivars from the control treatment occurred in shrinkage losses over a 140 day storage period in normal storage treatment.
Storage Stability of Strawberry Products Manufactured from Mechanically-harvested Strawberries1
Authors: Sistrunk W. A. , Morris J. R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Three cultivars of strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch. cvs. Cardinal, A-5344, and Earlibelle) were harvested once-over by machine in 1975 and 1976 and separated into green and ripe fruit. Preserves and jam were manufactured from different combinations of sliced, ripe fruits, puree from ripe and from green fruit, then stored at 2°, 24° and 35°C for 0, 4 and 9 months. There were differences among cultivars and treatments in color attributes and sensory quality but both preserves and jams were highly acceptable from all cultivars and treatments. The greatest change in color and sensory quality was caused by storage at 35° for 4 and 9 months. Green fruit did not affect storage stability and development of browning. As much as half immature, green fruit can be used in the manufacture of preserves and jams without affecting quality in highly-colored cultivars.
Effects of Growth Substances on Strawberry Growth1
Authors: Waithaka Kimani , Dana Malcolm N. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
6-(Benzylamino)-9-(2-tetrahydrophyranyl)-9H-purine (PBA) promoted production of stolons, branch stolons, branch crowns and daughter plants in ‘Sparkle’ Junebearing and ‘Ozark Beauty’ everbearing strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). Gibberellic acid (GA3) induced no promotion on either cultivar. Combinations of PBA and GA3 induced a greater effect on stolon and daughter plant production for ‘Ozark Beauty’ than did PBA alone. Increase in the number of daughter plants was proportional to the number of stolons produced. PBA suppressed rooting of the daughter plants. Addition of GA3 to the foliar treatment did not overcome rooting suppression of PBA.
Growth Controlling Properties of Apple Stem Callus, in Vitro1
Authors: Schneider G. W. , Lockard R. G. , Cornelius P. L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Stem calli of various clones of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) separated by filter paper, were grown on defined media to assess effects of one clone on growth of another in vitro. Certain clones affected the growth of the other when grown in the stock (callus in contact with media) or scion (on filter paper on stock callus) positions, or when placed on the media adjacent to each other (separated by filter paper). Both findings indicate the presence of mobile compounds from one clone capable of affecting growth of another clone.
The Influence of Nitrapyrin on N Retention and Tomato Growth in Sand-bark Media1
Authors: Mills H. A. , Pokorny F. A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Nitrapyrin at 50 ppm, increased dry weights of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and total N when pine bark comprised part of the medium and NH4 was part of the N treatment. If the medium consisted only of pine bark, nitrapyrin increased dry weights and total plant N with NO3–N and/or NH4–N treatments. The NO3–N level in the medium was higher with all N treatments when nitrapyrin was incorporated. The increase in plant growth is directly related to the higher NO3–N levels in each medium where nitrapyrin was incorporated. The higher media NO3–N with nitrapyrin are attributed to inhibition of the nitrification process and a subsequent inhibitory effect on NO3–N loss.
Effects of Carbon Monoxide on Decay, Physiological Responses, Ripening, and Composition of Tomato Fruits1
Authors: Kader A. A. , Chastagner G. A. , Morris L. L. , Ogawa J. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
CO (5 and 10%) + 4% O2 atmospheres retarded growth of Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr. (in vitro) and reduced decay incidence and severity on inoculated tomatoes (Lycopersicon escuientum Mill.) harvested at the mature-green (MG) or pink (P) stage and held at 12.5°C for up to 14 days (MG) or 10 days (P). This reduction was still evident after holding for an additional 2 to 3 days (P) or 7 days (MG) at 20° in air. CO + 4% O2 atmosphere was more effective than CO + air atmosphere in all experiments. CO + air treatments increased CO2 and C2H4 production rates and hastened ripening of MG fruits, while CO + 4% O2 atmosphere had no or very small effect on these physiological responses relative to 4% O2 atmosphere at 12.5°. After transfer to air at 20°, fruits previously exposed to CO exhibited slightly higher CO2 and C2H2 production and faster ripening than control fruits. CO added to air or 4% O2 did not affect ripening rate of fruits picked at the breaker, turning, or pink stages. CO + air or 4% O2 atmosphere slowed down softening of pink fruits during a 7- or 14-day storage period at 12.5°. Fruits subjected to CO + 4% O2 for 7 days maintained their sugar and acid content better than control fruits.
Endogenous Abscisic Acid in Relation to Rest and Bud Burst in Three Vitis Species1
Authors: Emmerson John G. , Powell Loyd E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) decreased during chilling in buds of several cultivars of Vitis vinifera L., Vitis riparia Michx. and Vitis labruscana Bailey, both in field grown and greenhouse vines. During bud burst, ABA decreased on a concentration basis only, until just prior to leaf unfolding. Bud scale removal hastened bud burst. Although ABA content was higher in scales than in primordia, changes in ABA level during chilling and bud burst occurred only in primordia. Lateral buds, which are committed to grow the year of formation, had higher ABA levels than dormant axillary buds which require a chilling period to grow. Applications of ABA, gibberellic acid (GA3), and (2-chloroethyl)trimethylammonium chloride (CCC) to dormant, chilled grape cuttings had no effect on time to burst, while zeatin hastened burst. These results suggest that, if there is an interaction between chilling and ABA, it is of secondary importance in bud burst of grape.
Influence of Photoperiod and Light Quality on Stolon Formation and Flowering of Chlorophytum comosum (Thunb.) Jacques1
Authors: Heins R. D. , Wilkins H. F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Irradiating the all-green Chlorophytum comosum Thunb. with incandescent or red cellophane wrapped fluorescent lamps during the night increased the mean number of stolons formed per plant. A night interruption was more effective in stimulating stolon formation than irradiating the plants prior to sunrise or at sunset. There were no significant differences in stolon numbers formed between the two light sources within an irradiation treatment. Less and less time was required between the advent of subsequent stolons under all treatments during the 25 week experiment. Photoperiod treatments had no effect on time from visible stolons to anthesis. Plants in all treatments formed stolons and flowered.
Chromosome Numbers of Apple Species, Cultivars, and Sports V1
Authors: Pratt Charlotte , Joh Sun Paik , Way R. D. , Einset John 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Chromosome counts derived from sectioned buds of 137 apple clones are reported. Of these 128 were determined to be diploid (2n = 34) and 9 to be triploid (2n = 51).
Effect of Salinity in Water Supplies on Greenhouse Rose Production1
Authors: Hughes Howard E. , Hanan Joe J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
‘Forever Yours’ roses (Rosa hybrida L.) grown in 20-liter containers filled with gravel or soil, were irrigated with solutions of varying salinity and composition over a 2-year period. Results indicated that HCO3− ion was highly toxic to rose production, resulting in chlorosis whenever concentrations exceeded 2 meq liter−1. Sodium and Cl− gave increasing problems above 4 meq liter−1. Sulfate was innocuous except as the ion contributed to total salinity of the solution. Yield was significantly reduced when electrical conductivity exceeded 1800 μmhos cm−1, and at 1300 μmhos cm−1 if ion proportions were adjusted. Treatments in soil were highly variable, with effects slower to appear.
Root and Shoot Growth Rate Relationships of Two Cultivars of Japanese Holly1
Authors: Mertens W. C. , Wright R. D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Rooted linears of Ilex crenata Thunb. ‘Helleri’ and ‘Rotundifolia’ were grown in polyvinyl chloride pipe sections from which longitudinal sections could be removed for root observations. Plants were fertilized at either 150 or 300 ppm N with a 20N–8.7P–16.5K soluble fertilizer. Rate of root and shoot growth was determined through 2-3 flushes of growth by taking weekly measurements of shoots and roots. Root growth of both cultivars was episodic in nature with active root growth usually preceding a shoot growth flush by 1 to 2 weeks. This growth pattern was observed in both fertility levels.
The Relationship Between Vegetative Maturity and the Onset of Winter Dormancy in Red-osier Dogwood1
Authors: Seibel Janice R. , Fuchigami L. H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Potted plants of red-osier dogwood (Cornus sericea L., syn. C. stolonifera Michx) were grown under 3 different dormancy-inducing regimes. Each week 5 plants per group were defoliated and placed in a warm greenhouse. Plants were checked daily for regrowth and new leaves were removed. When defoliation ceased to induce bud break, the plants were considered to be in a state of winter dormancy. Plants were observed for damage the following spring to determine when they had reached vegetative maturity, and it was found that vegetative maturity corresponded to winter dormancy development in all 3 growing conditions.
Modeling the Vegetative Maturity of Red-osier Dogwood1
Authors: Renquist A. R. , Wensink R. B. , Fuchigami L. H. , Seibel J. R. , Nissila P. C. , Bates E. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A computer model was developed to predict autumn vegetative maturity, end of summer dormancy of red-osier dogwood (Cornus sericea L. syn. Cornus stolonifera Michx.). Empirical equations were developed from growth chamber data and applied to results obtained from lath house grown plants. The model required input parameters of 2-hourly temperatures and daylengths. From the data daily phototemperature values were determined. The empirical model over-estimated the time to maturity of the lath house grown plants by only 4 days, perhaps indicating the need for a more precise measure of the critical photoperiod.
Performance of Processing Peas to Foliar Applications of Daminozide1
Authors: Ryerson D. K. , Oplinger E. S. , Gritton E. T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Foliar applications of succinic acid-2,2-dimethyl hydrazide (daminozide, SADH) at 1.0 and 2.0 kg/ha increased yields of ‘Early Perfection’ processing pea (Pisum sativum L.) by 10 and 11%, respectively, averaged over 3 growing seasons but had no significant affect on ‘Puget’, ‘Alaska’, and ‘Dane’. Daminozide consistently reduced plant height; but had variable effects on tenderometer values.
Intraspecific Variability for Nitrogen Fixation in Southernpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)1
Authors: Zary K. W. , Miller J. C. , Weaver R. W. , Barnes L. W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The extent of intraspecific variability for N2 fixation among 100 southernpea (cowpea) genotypes was determined, and a screening technique was developed to measure the character. Significant differences in N2 fixation efficiency were found among host plant genotypes following application of a standard commercial mixed strain Rhizobium inoculant. These differences were obtained whether the criterion used was nodule mass, nodule number of nitrogenase activity, as measured by the acetylene reduction assay. This variability is evidence of genetic control of the trait and suggests the possibility of breeding for increased N2 fixation efficiency in cowpea.
Removal of Ten Elements by Vegetables and by Alfalfa1
Authors: Peck N. H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Peas (Pisum sativum L.), table beets (Beta vulgaris L.), cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. capitata group), snap beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), sweet corn (Zea Mays L.), and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) were grown at 4 rates of concentrated superphosphate (CSP) and 4 rates of potassium chloride (KC1) fertilizers in a Honeoye fine sandy loam soil. Removal of P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, S, Cl, Zn, Mn, and Fe by each crop was determined. CSP increased the removal of P. KC1 increased the removal of K and Cl. Table beet plants removed more elements by weight and by equivalences of cations per ha than any other vegetable crop. Two years of alfalfa hay removed more elements per ha than 5 years of the harvested portions of the 5 vegetable crops. Vegetative structure of the crops had wider ranges than the reproductive structures in concentrations of P due to CSP fertilizer treatments and especially wide ranges of K and Cl due to the KC1 fertilizer treatments.
Role of Wound Ethylene in Fruit Set of Hand-pollinated Muskmelons1
Authors: Natti Tom A. , Loy J. Brent 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Application of a lanolin paste containing the aminoethoxy analog of rhizobitoxine, aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), to the base of perfect flowers improved fruit set in emasculated, hand-pollinated flowers of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.). Applications of indoleacetic acid (IAA) improved fruit set slightly, but reduced seed yields. Combinations of IAA and AVG were more effective than IAA alone, but were less effective than AVG alone at the optimum dosage. AVG prevented would ethylene production by excised, hand-pollinated flowers. The results support the contention that would ethylene production by emasculated, hand-pollinated flowers is an important factor in lowering fruit set.
Effects of Freezing, Thawing, and Cooking on the Appearance of Highbush Blueberries
Authors: Sapers G. M , Burgher A. M. , Phillips J. G. , Jones S. B. , Stoen E. G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Increases in the darkness and redness of both thawed and cooked highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), indicated by tristimulus measurements, were cultivar-related but not dependent on blueberry pH or anthocyanin content. Waxy bloom was retained in thawed berries but lost during cooking. Pigmented exudate appeared with some cultivars during thawing. Differences among cultivars in exudate formation and reddening during thawing are explained in terms of changes in epidermal cells, cuticle, and wax structure which were observed by light and electron microscopy. The color of blueberry cooking water depended primarily on the berry anthocyanin content, acidity, and the extent of leaching.
In Vitro Induction of Tetraploidy in Vaccinium darrowi, V. elliottii, and V. darrowi X V. elliottii with Colchicine Treatment
Authors: Perry J. L. , Lyrene P. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Three diploid taxons (Vaccinium darrowi Camp, V. elliottii Chapm., and interspecific V. darrowi x V. elliottii) were treated with various colchicine concentrations and treatment durations to determine the best method for inducing autopolyploidy in in vitro blueberry cultures. Shoot-tip cuttings were the best in vitro planting material for induction of shoots with increased diameter, an indicator of polyploidy. Tetraploids were produced at colchicine concentrations from 0% to 0.20%. The best treatment combinations were genotype-dependent.
Anatomical Aspects of Abscission in Pistachio
Authors: Lin Tzong-Shyan , Crane Julian C. , Polito Vito S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In pistachio (Pistacia vera L. cv. Kerman), when flowers did not set or when young fruits were removed, pedicels and/or portions of the rachis or of the primary branches subtending these parts abscised. Inflorescence buds on fruiting shoots and those on nonbearing shoots treated with (2-chloroethyl) phosphonic acid (ethephon) also abscised. Abscission of the above organs, as well as of leaflets and compound leaves, occurred in definite zones. The first manifestation of the abscission process was transverse cell division in the abscission zone. A separation layer developed in the distal portion of the abscission zone in these organs. The newly formed cells in the proximal area of the abscission zone of pedicels, rachises, and ethephon-treated inflorescence buds became protective layers. However, the counterpart in abscising inflorescence buds on fruiting shoots was largely degraded as abscission progressed. Abscission of mature fruits of pistachio was not preceded by cell division but involved separation and collapse of cells in the fruit mesocarp and exocarp surrounding the distal portion of the pedicel.
Growth Regulators, Fruit Drop, Yield, and Quality of Navel Orange in Florida
Authors: Lima Jose Eduardo O. , Davies Frederick S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Fruit drop of navel orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck], which occurs after June drop, was studied from 1980 through 1982 in 2 groves in north-central Florida. Summer drop, which occurs from June to August, and summer-fall drop, which occurs from late August through October, were the major periods of fruit drop. Fruit drop was significant in 1981, ranging from 63 to 200 fruit per tree. A dilute spray of 10 or 20 ppm 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), alone or in combination with 20 ppm gibberellic acid (GA) and applied 5 to 9 weeks after midbloom, reduced summer fruit drop in all seasons. The same materials applied 13 weeks after midbloom were ineffective. An application of 2,4-D at 5 weeks after midbloom increased yields in 1981, but not in 1982, because summer drop was minor in that year. Midbloom application of GA + 2,4-D increased splitting and summer-fall drop in 1981, but generally these materials had no effect. Sprays of 2,4-D, GA, or the combination did not adversely affect internal fruit quality, although GA or GA + 2,4-D increased rind firmness when applied 13 weeks after midbloom.