bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case series: acupuncture-related pneumothorax
Authors: Th’ng Francesca , Rao Kailing Adriel , Huang Po Yu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Acupuncture has become a more popular complementary and alternative medicine worldwide. As pneumothorax is a rare acupuncture-related adverse event (AE), it is thought to be under-recognized by acupuncturists and emergency physicians, and the public is often not aware of this potential AE resulting in delayed hospital presentation.

Methods
This is a case series of acupuncture-related pneumothoraces diagnosed in an emergency department (ED) in Singapore. Data was collected retrospectively from patients’ notes and prospectively from the patients over the phone.

Case presentations
Between 2017 and 2021, 4 out of 474 (0.84%) pneumothoraces were acupuncture related. Three of these patients consented to participate in this study. One patient developed bilateral pneumothoraces. All 3 patients claimed that they were not informed by the acupuncturists of potential serious AEs prior to acupuncture treatments and that they were not aware that such AE could occur. All 3 patients had reported their symptoms of chest pain and/or breathlessness to their acupuncturists post-treatment, but they were not advised to seek urgent medical attention. When the 3 patients had informed their acupuncturists about their diagnosis of pneumothorax, 2 of the acupuncturists did not seem to be aware of this acupuncture-related AE.

Discussion
When pneumothorax manifests, there is a potential need for an invasive procedure and continuous monitoring as it may devolve into a life-threatening condition with cardiovascular compromise. Early medical recognition and attention are needed to ensure optimal patient outcomes. In the appropriate population cohort, a history of prior acupuncture treatments should be included as part of history-taking assessment in patients presenting with chest pain and/or breathlessness.

Conclusion
Emergency physicians should be vigilant of this potentially serious and life-threatening complication for anyone presenting with chest discomfort and/or breathlessness after recently undergoing acupuncture to ensure earlier diagnosis, management, and better patient outcome.
Comparison between the effects of ultrasound guided intra-articular injections of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), high molecular weight hyaluronic acid, and their combination in hip osteoarthritis: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Nouri Farshad , Babaee Marzieh , Peydayesh Parya , Esmaily Hadi , Raeissadat Seyed Ahmad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntra articular (IA) injection of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) are of the new methods in the management of hip osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of IA injections of PRP, HA and their combination in patients with hip OA. HA and PRP are two IA interventions that can be used in OA in the preoperative stages. Due to the different mechanisms of action, these two are proposed to have a synergistic effect by combining.MethodsThis is a randomized clinical trial with three parallel groups. In this study, patients with grade 2 and 3 hip OA were included, and were randomly divided into three injection groups: PRP, HA and PRP + HA. In either group, two injections with 2 weeks’ interval were performed into the hip joint under ultrasound guidance. Patients were assessed before the intervention, 2 months and 6 months after the second injection, using the visual analog scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and Lequesne questionnaires.ResultsOne hundred five patients were enrolled randomly in HA, PRP and PRP + HA groups. All three groups showed significant improvement in WOMAC, VAS, and Lequesne at 2 months and 6 months compared with baseline. Comparison of the 3 groups demonstrated significant differences regarding WOMAC and Lequesne total scores and the activities of daily living (ADL) subscale of Lequesne (P = 0.041, 0.001 and 0.002, respectively), in which the observed improvement at 6th month was significantly higher in the PRP + HA and PRP groups compared to the HA group.ConclusionAlthough all 3 interventions were associated with improvement of pain and function in patients with hip OA, the therapeutic effects of PRP and PRP + HA injections lasted longer (6 months), and the effects of these two interventions on patients’ performance, disability, and ADL were superior to HA in the long run. Moreover, the addition of HA to PRP was not associated with a significant increase in the therapeutic results.Trial registrationThe study was registered at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) websitehttp://www.irct.ir/, a WHO Primary Register setup, with the registration number of IRCT20130523013442N30 on 29/11/2019.
A triple-classification for differentiating renal oncocytoma from renal cell carcinoma subtypes and CK7 expression evaluation: a radiomics analysis
Authors: Yu Ziyang , Ding Jie , Pang Huize , Fang Hongkun , He Furong , Xu Chenxi , Li Xuedan , Ren Ke 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the value of computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics model analysis in differentiating renal oncocytoma (RO) from renal cell carcinoma subtypes (chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma) and predicting the expression of Cytokeratin 7 (CK7).

Methods
In this retrospective study, radiomics was applied for patients with RO, chRCC and ccRCC who underwent surgery between January 2013 and December 2019 comprised the training cohort, and the testing cohort was collected between January and October 2020. The corticomedullary (CMP) and nephrographic phases (NP) were manually segmented, and radiomics texture parameters were extracted. Support vector machine was generated from CMP and NP after feature selection. Shapley additive explanations were applied to interpret the radiomics features. A radiomics signature was built using the selected features from the two phases, and the radiomics nomogram was constructed by incorporating the radiomics features and clinical factors. Receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated to evaluate the above models in the two sets. Furthermore, Rad-score was used for correlation analysis with CK7.

Results
A total of 123 patients with RO, chRCC and ccRCC were analyzed in the training cohort and 57 patients in the testing cohort. Subsequently, 396 radiomics features were selected from each phase. The radiomics features combining two phases yielded the highest area under the curve values of 0.941 and 0.935 in the training and testing sets, respectively. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was statistically significant between Rad-score and CK7.

Conclusion
We proposed a non-invasive and individualized CT-based radiomics nomogram to differentiation among RO, chRCC and ccRCC preoperatively and predict the immunohistochemical protein expression for accurate clinical diagnosis and treatment decision.
Current status of umbilical cord blood storage and provision to private biobanks by institutions handling childbirth in Japan
Authors: Murata Maho , Kawabe Kenichiro , Hatta Taichi , Maeda Shoichi , Fujita Misao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The Act Regarding the Promotion of the Appropriate Supply of Hematopoietic Stem Cells for Transplant regulates only how public banks store and provide umbilical cord blood (UCB) for research or transplantation. Japan had no laws to regulate how the private banks manage the procedures, harvesting, preparation, and storage of such blood. As a result, the status of UCB distribution remains unknown. We conducted a survey to investigate the current status of UCB storage and provision to private biobanks by Japanese institutions that handle childbirth.

Methods
Questionnaire forms were mailed to 3,277 facilities handling childbirth that were registered in the Japan Council for Quality Health Care website.

Results
Of the 1,192 institutions handling childbirth that participated in the survey (response rate: 36.7%), 34.4% responded that they currently provide UCB to private biobanks, while 16.1% of facilities did so in the past. Moreover, some institutions currently provide or formerly provided UCB to medical treatment facilities (2.6%), research institutions (5.9%), companies (2.2%), or overseas treatment facilities, research institutions, or companies (0.3%). A certain number of institutions handling childbirth did not even provide explanations or obtain consent when the UCB was harvested from private bank users.

Conclusions
This is the first study to determine the status of UCB provision to private banks by Japanese institutions handling childbirth. Future studies will need to examine in detail how institutions handling childbirth provide explanations to private bank users and UCB providers as well as how these institutions obtain consent.
Prevalence, characteristics, and respiratory arousal threshold of positional obstructive sleep apnea in China: a large scale study from Shanghai Sleep Health Study cohort
Authors: Huang Weijun , Wang Xiaoting , Xu Chong , Xu Huajun , Zhu Huaming , Liu Suru , Zou Jianyin , Guan Jian , Yi Hongliang , Yin Shankai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the prevalence, characteristics, and respiratory arousal threshold (ArTH) of Chinese patients with positional obstructive sleep apnea (POSA) according to the Cartwright Classification (CC) and Amsterdam Positional Obstructive Sleep Apnea Classification (APOC).

Methods
A large-scale cross-sectional study was conducted in our sleep center from 2007 to 2018 to analyze the clinical and polysomnography (PSG) data of Chinese POSA patients. Low ArTH was defined based on PSG indices.

Results
Of 5,748 OSA patients, 36.80% met the CC criteria, and 42.88% the APOC criteria, for POSA. The prevalence of POSA was significantly higher in women than men (40.21% and 46.52% vs. 36.13% and 42.18% for CC and APOC, respectively). Chinese POSA patients had a lower apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and lower oxygen desaturation index, shorter duration of oxygen saturation (SaO2) < 90%, and a higher mean SaO2 and higher lowest SaO2 value compared to subjects with non-positional OSA (NPOSA). More than 40% of the POSA patients had a low ArTH; the proportion was extremely high in the supine-isolated-POSA (si-POSA) group and APOC I group. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, higher mean SaO2 and lower AHI during sleep were positive predictors of POSA.

Conclusions
According to the CC and APOC criteria, more than 1/3 of our Chinese subjects with OSA had POSA. Chinese POSA patients had less severe OSA and nocturnal hypoxia. Compared to NPOSA patients, significantly more patients with POSA had a low ArTH. A low ArTH may be an important endotype in the pathogenesis of POSA, especially in patients with si-POSA and APOC I. Further studies are necessary to develop personalized management strategies for POSA patients.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn; No. ChiCTR1900025714 (retrospectively registered).
Prevalence of cervicovaginal human papillomavirus infection and genotype distribution in Shanghai, China
Authors: Li Xiaoxiao , Xiang Fenfen , Dai Junhua , Zhang Tao , Chen Zixi , Zhang Mengzhe , Wu Rong , Kang Xiangdong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe evaluation of human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence rate dynamics and genotype distribution could support the adoption of more targeted prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. We aimed to assess the infection status and genotype characteristics of HPV among gynecological outpatients in Shanghai, China.MethodsClinical specimens were collected from patients attending gynaecological department of the Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, between January 2015 and December 2019. The cervicovaginal infection of 17 high-risk genotypes and 10 low-risk genotypes were analyzed by Luminex-based multiple assays.ResultsThe overall HPV infection rate was 18.81% (95% CI 18.31–19.30%) in Shanghai city, with high-risk, low-risk and mixed high- and low-risk HPV prevalence being 11.65% (95% CI 11.24–12.06%), 4.19% (95% CI 3.94–4.44%) and 2.96% (95% CI 2.74–3.17%), respectively. The five most prevalent high-risk genotypes were HPV-52 (2.95%), HPV-16 (2.34%), HPV-58 (2.07%), HPV-53 (1.67%) and HPV-39 (1.36%). The most common low-risk genotype was HPV-61 (1.52%), followed by HPV-6 (1.29%) and HPV-81 (1.19%). Moreover, the coverage of HPV genotype by nonavalent vaccine was 10.42%, and non-vaccine-covered high-risk genotype was 7.70%. The 15–24 years age group demonstrated the highest HPV prevalence (43.14%), and significant differences were observed among different age groups (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThis study revealed the HPV prevalence and genotype distribution among women in Shanghai city, which could serve as guidance for HPV vaccination and preventative strategies against cervical cancer in this area.
Knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes of spinal manipulation: a cross-sectional survey of Italian physiotherapists
Authors: Mourad Firas , Yousif Marzia Stella , Maselli Filippo , Pellicciari Leonardo , Meroni Roberto , Dunning James , Puentedura Emilio , Taylor Alan , Kerry Roger , Hutting Nathan , Kranenburg Hendrikus Antonius 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background and Objective
High-velocity low-amplitude thrust spinal manipulation (SM) is a recommended and commonly used manual therapy intervention in physiotherapy. Beliefs surrounding the safety and effectiveness of SM have challenged its use, and even advocated for its abandonment. Our study aimed to investigate the knowledge and beliefs surrounding SM by Italian physiotherapists compared with similar practitioners in other countries.

Methods
An online survey with 41 questions was adapted from previous surveys and was distributed via a mailing list of the Italian Physiotherapists Association (March 22–26, 2020). The questionnaire was divided into 4 sections to capture information on participant demographics, utilization, potential barriers, and knowledge about SM. Questions were differentiated between spinal regions. Attitudes towards different spinal regions, attributes associated with beliefs, and the influence of previous educational background were each evaluated.

Results
Of the 7398 registered physiotherapists, 575 (7.8%) completed the survey and were included for analysis. The majority of respondents perceived SM as safe and effective when applied to the thoracic (74.1%) and lumbar (72.2%) spines; whereas, a smaller proportion viewed SM to the upper cervical spine (56.8%) as safe and effective. Respondents reported they were less likely to provide and feel comfortable with upper cervical SM (respectively, 27.5% and 48.5%) compared to the thoracic (respectively, 52.2% and 74.8%) and lumbar spines (respectively, 46.3% and 74.3%). Most physiotherapists (70.4%) agreed they would perform additional screening prior to upper cervical SM compared to other spinal regions. Respondents who were aware of clinical prediction rules were more likely to report being comfortable with SM (OR 2.38–3.69) and to perceive it as safe (OR 1.75–3.12). Finally, physiotherapists without musculoskeletal specialization, especially those with a traditional manual therapy background, were more likely to perform additional screening prior to SM, use SM less frequently, report being less comfortable performing SM, and report upper cervical SM as less safe (p < 0.001).

Discussion
The beliefs and attitudes of physiotherapists surrounding the use of SM are significantly different when comparing the upper cervical spine to other spinal regions. An educational background in traditional manual therapy significantly influences beliefs and attitudes. We propose an updated framework on evidence-based SM.
Prevalence of haplotype DQ2/DQ8 and celiac disease in children with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Zubkiewicz-Kucharska Agnieszka , Jamer Tatiana , Chrzanowska Joanna , Akutko Katarzyna , Pytrus Tomasz , Stawarski Andrzej , Noczyńska Anna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractType 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD) coexist very often. Identification of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQ2/DQ8 can confirm the genetic predisposition to CD. Negative result of this test allows to exclude CD with a high probability. It was suggested that in individuals with higher risk of CD, including T1D patients, the implementation of genetic testing should reduce the number of patients requiring systematic immunological screening. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of different haplotypes predisposing to CD in children and adolescents with previously diagnosed T1D. Material and methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 166 T1D children (91 girls) in whom HLA DQ2/DQ8 alleles were tested. In 9.6% CD was also diagnosed. Results: In 12.7% both HLA DQ2/DQ8 were negative. In 87.3% patients HLA DQ2 and/or DQ8 was positive, including 27.7% patients with both haplotypes DQ2.5 and DQ8 positive. In all CD patients the disease predisposing alleles were positive, while none of the HLA DQ2/DQ8 negative children were diagnosed with CD. Conclusions: The prevalence of HLA DQ2.5 and the HLA DQ2.5 / HLA DQ8 configuration is higher in patients with T1D, and CD compared to children with T1D alone. The combination of HLA DQ2 and HLA DQ8 most significantly increases the risk of developing CD. The group of HLA DQ2/DQ8 negative patients with improbable CD diagnosis, is relatively small. Most of T1D patients HLA DQ2/DQ8 positive need further regular antibody assessment. In patients with T1D, who are at high risk of developing CD, genetic testing may be considered to select those who require further systematic serological evaluation. Due to its retrospective nature, the study was not registered in the database of clinical trials and the Clinical trial registration number is not available.
Frequency and costs of low-value preoperative tests for patients undergoing low-risk procedures in the veterans health administration
Authors: Harris Alex H. S. , Bowe Thomas , Kamal Robin N. , Sears Erika D. , Hawn Mary , Eisenberg Dan , Finlay Andrea K. , Hagedorn Hildi J. , Mudumbai Seshadri 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Clinical practice guidelines discourage routine preoperative screening tests for patients undergoing low-risk procedures. This study sought to determine the frequency and costs of potentially low-value preoperative screening tests in Veterans Health Administration (VA) patients undergoing low-risk procedures.

Methods
Using the VA Corporate Data Warehouse, we identified Operative Stress Score class 1 procedures (“very minor”) performed without general anesthesia in VA during fiscal year 2019 and calculated the overall national and facility-level rates and costs of nine common tests received in the 30 preoperative days. Patient factors associated with receiving at least one screening test, and the number of tests received, were examined.

Results
Eighty-six thousand three hundred twenty-seven of 178,775 low-risk procedures (49.3%) were preceded by 321,917 potentially low-value screening tests representing $11,505,170 using Medicare average costs. Complete blood count was the most common (33.2% of procedures), followed by basic metabolic profile (32.0%), urinalysis (26.3%), electrocardiography (18.9%), and pulmonary function test (12.4%). Older age, female sex, Black race, and having more comorbidities were associated with higher odds of low-value testing. Transthoracic echocardiogram occurred prior to only 4.5% of the procedures but accounted for 47.8% of the total costs ($5,499,860). In 129 VA facilities, the facility-level proportion of procedures preceded by at least one test ranged from 0 to 81.2% and facility-level costs ranged from $0 to $388,476.

Conclusions
Routine preoperative screening tests for very low-risk procedures are common and costly in some VA facilities. These results highlight a potential target to improve quality and value by reducing unnecessary care. Measures of low-value perioperative care could be integrated into VA’s extensive quality monitoring and improvement infrastructure.
Quantum scissors for noiseless linear amplification of polarization frequency hyper-encoded coherent state
Authors: Zhong Wei , Li Yu-Peng , Sheng Yu-Bo , Zhou Lan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Quantum scissor (QS) is a powerful tool to realize the optical truncation and noiseless linear amplification (NLA) of the Fock state. The hyper-encoding technology which encodes messages in two or more degrees of freedom of a photon is a promising tool for increasing the channel capacity of photons and has been widely used in quantum computing and quantum communication fields. Here, we propose the one-photon and three-photon QSs for the frequency-encoded and polarization frequency hyper-encoded coherent states, which can realize the one-order and three-order truncation and NLA of the coherent state, and preserve the encoded features of the photons. The quantum scissors for the hyper-encoded coherent state would introduce some unwanted disturb items with small probability. Our QSs can be extended to distill the hyper-encoded multi-spatial-mode entanglement. Our QSs have application potential in the future quantum information processing field.
Racial Inequalities in Adolescents' Exposure to Racial and Socioeconomic Segregation, Collective Efficacy, and Violence
Authors: Pinchak Nicolo P. , Browning Christopher R. , Calder Catherine A. , Boettner Bethany 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the United States, Black youth tend to grow up in remarkably less resourced neighborhoods than White youth. This study investigates whether and to what extent Black youth are moreover exposed to less resourced activity spaces beyond the home. We draw on GPS data from a large sample of urban youth in the Columbus, Ohio–based Adolescent Health and Development in Context study (2014–2016) to examine to what extent Black youth experience nontrivial, disproportionate levels of exposure to more disadvantaged and segregated contexts in their daily routines compared with similarly residentially situated White youth. Specifically, we estimate Black–White differences in nonhome exposure to concentrated disadvantage, racial segregation, collective efficacy, and violent crime. We find that Black youths' activity spaces have substantially higher rates of racial segregation and violent crime than those of White youth, and substantially lower levels of collective efficacy—even after accounting for a host of individual- and home neighborhood–level characteristics. We find more modest evidence of differences in exposure to socioeconomic disadvantage. These findings have important implications for neighborhood-centered interventions focused on youth well-being and the contextual effects and segregation literatures more generally.
The temporal dynamics of the sea urchin regulome
Authors: Feuda Roberto 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
In this work, we used Nanostring N-counter technology, to evaluate the mRNA expression level of more than 330 regulatory genes over 34 time points covering the first three days of development of the sea urchin larvae. The hierarchical clustering of the mRNAs expression levels has identified groups corresponding to the major developmental landmarks (e.g. maternal to zygotic transition and gastrulation). Furthermore, comparison with previous experiments indicates high reproducibility of mRNA level temporal dynamics across batches. Finally, we generated an online tool to visualise gene expression during sea urchin larval development. The site can be accessed at and https://www621.lamp.le.ac.uk/nanostring_app/nanostring/.