bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulled in opposite directions: A joint consideration of supply and demand uncertainty in supply chain decision‐making
Authors: Bendoly Elliot , Boyer Ken , Craig Nate , Paul Somak 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSupply chain inventory management decisions are complicated by the presence of both downstream (demand) and upstream (supply) uncertainties. Prior research shows that each type of uncertainty leads to specific decision biases. Demand uncertainty induces a pull‐to‐center bias, wherein orders are drawn away from the optimal ordering decision in the direction of expected demand. Supply uncertainty elicits a diversification bias, wherein inventory managers tend to source from multiple suppliers, even when sole sourcing is optimal. Our research employs a controlled laboratory experiment to study these biases when both types of uncertainty—that is, supply and demand uncertainty—are present. Our results show that the presence of both supply and demand uncertainty has a more nuanced effect on decision biases than does either type of uncertainty alone. Demand uncertainty can elicit and influence the diversification bias, even in the absence of supply uncertainty. Moreover, supply uncertainty affects the magnitude of the pull‐to‐center bias. Our work reveals the need for further attention from supply chain academics and managers on how supply and demand uncertainty jointly affect inventory managers’ decisions.
Attractiveness and nutritional effects of flowers on the survival of a dipteran pest and its parasitoids
Authors: Rossetti María Rosa , Salvo Adriana , Videla Martín 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFlower addition is commonly used worldwide to benefit parasitoids and improve conservation biological control of pests. However, biological control enhancement via flower addition depends on both flower attractiveness and the responses of parasitoid and pest species to flower resources. Here, we experimentally compared the effects of two Apiaceae flowering species (Conium maculatum and Coriandrum sativum) with those of water, honey and no resource treatments on longevity and survival of adults of the leafminer Liriomyza huidobrensis and two hymenopteran parasitoids (Chrysocharis flacilla and Phaedrotoma scabriventris). We also examined the attractiveness of flowers of both plant species to the leafminer and P. scabriventris adults. The provision of flowers increased longevity and survival of the three insect species with respect to water and no resource treatments. The effects of honey on longevity were similar to or even higher than those of flowers, depending on the insect species, whereas water only increased the longevity of P. scabriventris in relation to no resource treatments. In attractiveness trials, P. scabriventris preferred C. maculatum flowers, whereas L. huidobrensis showed no preference for flower species. Our findings indicate that both plant species have potential as floral resources in biological control, since two parasitoid species benefited from flowers. However, these plant species must be cautiously considered because L. huidobrensis also improved its fitness when provided with both floral resources. The present work highlights the need to simultaneously study parasitoid and herbivore food needs and flower attractiveness, especially in dipteran pests, in order to achieve a successful biological control.
Gut microbiota from nCAL patients promotes colon anastomotic healing by inducing collagen synthesis in epithelial cells
Authors: Jin Xiangren , Liu Yang , Yan Wei , Shi Shang , Liu Lujia , Lin Baiqiang , Guo Xiao , Cai Ting , Wei Yunwei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsColon anastomotic leak (CAL) is considered one of the most feared and serious postoperative complications in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, with no effective prevention strategies to date. Based on previous studies, gut microbiota is associated with anastomotic healing, but its ability to effectively promote anastomotic healing remains largely unknown.MethodsWe performed a clinical study to analyze the gut microbiota profiling in CRC patients who developed CAL and those who did not (nCAL) using 16S‐rRNA‐based next‐generation sequencing (NGS). To investigate these changes in an in vivo model, we performed fecal microbiota transplantation in a colon anastomosis rat experimental model to elucidate the causal effect between gut microbiota and anastomotic healing. Notably, RNA‐seq in the anastomotic tissue of the latter experimental model was utilized to discover the potential molecular mechanism.ResultsOur analysis implicated that gut microbiota profiling was profoundly different between CAL and nCAL patients. Strikingly, the rat experimental model transplanted with fecal microbiota derived from nCAL patients demonstrated enhanced anastomotic healing properties. Moreover, collagen synthesis, EMT, and TGF‐β/Smad signaling pathways were upregulated in the same rats. Concordantly, we discovered that the better anastomotic healing profiling displayed in gut microbiota derived from nCAL patients is dependent on the TGF‐β/Smad‐induced EMT in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionsCollectively, our clinical study identified the postoperative gut microbiota profile is associated with CAL in CRC patients. On the contrary, fecal microbiota from nCAL patients promotes anastomotic healing via TGF‐β/Smad‐induced EMT, with subsequent collagen synthesis and enhanced anastomosis healing.
(Landlord) Theory from the South: Empire and estates on a Punjabi Frontier
Authors: Raza Shozab 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTheory has occasionally shaped agrarian transformations. Utilitarian theory, for instance, influenced British colonial land revenue policies, while modernization theory spurred, via the Green Revolution, the development of capitalist farming across the global South. Yet scholarship, when it has probed the mediation of theory in agrarian change, has largely centred on the intellectual activities of Western figures. In this paper, I examine an under‐appreciated theorizing actor: landlords in the global South. I explore landlords' concept‐work in the former “Punjab Frontier,” a region where Baloch chiefs collaborated with the British Raj to acquire localized magisterial powers, a paramilitary apparatus, and immense “landed estates” (jagirs). To overcome various crises, certain chiefs engaged with various imperial concepts—namely, property, race, progress, contract, and freedom—and re‐arranged their estates. By showing how these elites creatively embraced these concepts to maintain a colonial‐fortified hegemony, I also challenge those who overstate the emancipatory and decolonial possibilities of theory from the South.
Brain function complexity during dual‐tasking is associated with cognitive impairment and age
Authors: Peña Miguel , Petrillo Kelsi , Bosset Mark , Fain Mindy , Chou Ying‐hui , Rapcsak Steve , Toosizadeh Nima 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposeEarly diagnosis of cognitive impairment is important because symptoms can be delayed through therapies. Synaptic disconnections are the key characteristics of dementia, and through nonlinear complexity analysis of brain function, it is possible to identify long‐range synaptic disconnections in the brain.MethodsWe investigated the capability of a novel upper‐extremity function (UEF) dual‐task paradigm in the functional MRI (fMRI) setting, where the participant flexes and extends their arm while counting, to differentiate between cognitively normal (CN) and those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We used multiscale entropy (MSE) complexity analysis of the blood oxygen‐level dependent time‐series across neural networks and brain regions. Outside of the fMRI, we used the UEF dual‐task test, while the elbow kinematics were measured using motion sensors, to record the motor function score.ResultsResults showed 34% lower MSE values in MCI compared to CN (p<.04 for all regions and networks except cerebellum when counting down by one; effect size = 1.35±0.15) and a negative correlation between MSE values and age (average r2 of 0.30 for counting down by one and 0.36 for counting backward by three). Results also showed an improvement in the logistic regression model sensitivity by 14‐24% in predicting the presence of MCI when brain function measure was added to the motor function score (kinematics data).ConclusionsCurrent findings suggest that combining measures of neural network and motor function, in addition to neuropsychological testing, may provide an accurate tool for assessing early‐stage cognitive impairment and age‐related decline in cognition.
Spinning straw into gold: Innovation recycling, innovation sourcing modes, and innovation ability in Sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Li Rebecca Yu , Sousa Carlos M. P. , He Xinming , Hu Yansong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAs innovation is inherently risky and uncertain, it is common for firms to suspend or abandon new product/service development projects that cannot achieve pre‐defined objectives. Multiple cases exist where firms have attempted to resume the development of an innovative product or service after previously suspending or abandoning it prior to completion. Research on this important innovation recycling activity is surprisingly scarce, despite its critical role in mitigating risk in the context of high environmental uncertainty. We draw our inferences from Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), where innovation resources are relatively limited and environmental uncertainty and institutional voids prevail, a context that encourages the use of innovation recycling. This study examines how innovation recycling influences a firm's innovation ability and the moderating impact of innovation sourcing modes using a knowledge‐based view of the firm and arguments from transaction cost economics. We retrieved data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey and the Innovation Follow‐up Survey of 1076 firms located in eight SSA countries (Ghana, Malawi, Namibia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia) spanning from 2011 to 2014 to test our conceptual model. Our findings show that (1) innovation recycling has a positive influence on a firm's innovation ability and (2) this relationship is moderated by different innovation sourcing modes. These findings enrich the theory and imply that firms operating in developing countries need to develop innovation recycling by focusing on sourcing knowledge within, rather than across, firm boundaries.
Stress reactivity in salivary cortisol and electrocardiogram in adolescents: Investigating sleep disturbances and insomnia
Authors: Kater Maren‐Jo , Werner Anika , Schlarb Angelika A. , Lohaus Arnold 
Published: July 2022

SummaryThis study examined the role of sleep disturbances and insomnia in the context of stress reactivity in adolescence. One‐hundred and thirty‐five 11–18 year olds (Mage = 14.2 years, SD = 1.9, 52% female) completed the Trier Social Stress Test for Children. Salivary cortisol and subjective stress ratings were collected at six time points, and heart rate as well as heart rate variability were measured pre‐, during and post‐stress induction. Additionally, sleep disturbances and insomnia diagnosis were assessed by a self‐report questionnaire and a sleep interview. Robust mixed models investigated if adolescents with compared with adolescents without (a) sleep disturbances and (b) insomnia differ regarding cortisol, heart rate, heart rate variability and psychological stress reactivity considering gender effects. The results indicated that boys with high sleep disturbances showed higher cortisol activity compared with boys with low sleep disturbances, B = 0.88, p < 0.05. Moreover, in boys with insomnia, heart rate and alpha 1 significantly differ less than in boys without insomnia. These findings support the notion of sex differences regarding the association between poor sleep and increased activity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, and a less adaptable autonomic nervous system in boys in response to an experimental social stress task.
Finite Element Analysis of Proximal Femur Bionic Nail (PFBN) Compared with Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation and InterTan in Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fractures
Authors: Wang Yanhua , Chen Wei , Zhang Lijia , Xiong Chen , Zhang Xiaomeng , Yu Kai , Ju Jiabao , Chen Xiaofeng , Zhang Dianying , Zhang Yingze 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the biomechanical properties of proximal femur bionic nail (PFBN), proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) and InterTan in the treatment of elderly intertrochanteric fractures AO/OTA 31‐A1.3 by finite element analysis.MethodsWe used Mimics, Unigraphics and other software to establish normal femur and AO/OTA 31‐A1.3 fracture models, and reconstructed PFBN, PFNA and InterTan intramedullary nail models, and assembled them on the fracture model. The ANSYS software was used to compare the femoral von Mises stress distribution, deformation distribution, and internal fixation stress distribution of each group under a load of 2100 N.ResultsIt could be seen that the femoral maximum stress, femoral maximum displacement, and maximum stress of internal fixation of the PFBN group were lower than those in the PFNA group and the InterTan group. The maximum femoral stress of the PFBN was 190.25 MPa, while the maximum stress of the femur of the PFNA and InterTan groups were 238.41 Mpa and 226.97 Mpa. The maximum femoral displacement of each group were located at the top of the femoral head, and the maximum displacement of the PFBN group was 14.373 mm, and the maximum displacement values of the PFNA and InterTan groups were 19.49 and 15.225 mm. For the stress distribution of intramedullary nail, the maximum stress of the three kinds of internal fixation was located on the main nail. The maximum stress of PFBN was 1191.8 MPa, compared with 2142.8 MPa for PFNA and 1702.3 MPa for InterTan. And the maximum stress on the PFBN pressure nail was 345.35 MPa, compared with 868.6 MPa for the PFNA spiral blade and 545.5 MPa for InterTan interlocking twin nails.ConclusionCompared with PFNA and InterTan, PFBN has better mechanical properties. The biomechanical characteristics of PFBN are more advantageous than PFNA and InterTan internal fixation system in the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fractures.
A New Method to Protect Blood Supply in the Treatment of Femoral Neck Fractures: Bidirectional Compression Porous Tantalum Screws
Authors: Zhao Dewei , Ma Zhijie , Liu Baoyi , Yang Lei , Qiu Xing , Tian Simiao , Okoye Chukwuemeka Samuel , Lian Zhiqiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the clinical effect of a new type of bidirectional pressurized porous tantalum screw (PTS) internal fixation in treating femoral neck fractures (FNFs).MethodsIn this study, geometric models of FNF were first established via reverse engineering method, followed by stimulation of the strength of PTSs in fixation of FNFs. A randomized control trial study was then conducted of 41 patients with FNF from October 2015 to December 2018. These patients included 12 males and 29 females with an average age of 59.9. The 41 patients were randomly divided into two groups: cannulated compression screws (CCSs) group (n = 21) and PTSs group (n = 20). Treatment outcomes in patients were evaluated using multiple imaging techniques, including X‐ray and digital subtraction angiography scanning as well as functional recovery Harris hip score. Without other postoperative complications, the primary outcome was defined as fracture healing after FNF internal fixation. Secondary outcomes are the incidence of the avascular necrosis of femoral head (ANFH), fracture nonunion, and reoperation rate.ResultsFollowing PTS internal fixation of FNF, finite element results revealed a firmly fixed fracture with a slight displacement of less than 0.5 mm. At follow‐up, we found a statistically significant difference in Harris scores in the two groups at 1 month and 3 months post‐surgery. In the PTSs group, there was no case of ANFH and fracture nonunion, and the average healing time was 94.45 ± 6.47 days. In the CCSs group, there were four cases of ANFH, the necrosis rate was 19.05% (4/21). There was one case of fracture nonunion in the CCSs group, the nonunion fracture rate was 4.76% (1/21), and the average healing time was 122.54 ± 11.37 days. Five patients underwent total hip arthroplasty, and the reoperation rate was 23.81% (5/21). There were significant differences in the postoperative complications, fracture healing time, and reoperation rate between the two groups (p < 0.05).ConclusionsPTSs fixation of FNF at the center, does not only avoid the destruction of blood supply in the femoral head and reduction in the incidence of postoperative complications of FNFs, but also induces early bone ingrowth and promotes fracture healing. These findings provide a potential surgical internal fixation system for treating FNFs.
Immediate extubation following pediatric liver transplantation
Authors: Yoeli Dor , Nguyen Thanh , Wilder Matthew , Huang Joy , Pahlavan Sheila , Brigham Dania , Sundaram Shikha S. , Wachs Michael E. , Adams Megan A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundImmediate extubation (IE) following pediatric liver transplantation is being increasingly performed. The aim of this study was to characterize the rate of IE at our institution and identify recipient factors predictive of IE.MethodsAll pediatric liver transplants performed at our institution between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2020 were reviewed. Retransplants and multi‐organ transplants were excluded. IE was defined as extubation in the operating room following transplant. Backward stepwise logistic regression at a p‐value threshold of .05 was performed to identify variables associated with IE.ResultsIE was achieved in 58 (72%) of the 81 pediatric liver transplants. The IE cohort had significantly shorter ICU length of stay and overall hospital length of stay, though IE was not an independent predictor of posttransplant length of stay. Age <2 years, preoperative mechanical ventilation, and total intraoperative epinephrine and dopamine infusion requirements were significant, independent risk factors against IE. This multivariable model was highly predictive of IE (area under the curve = 0.89).ConclusionsWe describe the highest rate of IE postpediatric liver transplantation that has been reported to date and identified significant risk factors against successful IE.
Value of membership‐based free shipping in online retailing: Impact of upstream pricing model
Authors: Sun Geng , Cavusoglu Huseyin , Raghunathan Srinivasan 
Published: July 2022

A consumer‐side innovation in online retailing is membership‐based free shipping (MFS) in which a retailer bears the shipping cost for purchases made by members that have paid an upfront membership fee. On the supplier side, the agency model of selling, where a retailer allows a third‐party manufacturer to sell his product on the site for a commission, has been gradually replacing the wholesale model, where the retailer buys from the manufacturer at a wholesale price and resells to consumers at a retail price. We show that the shift to the agency model enhances the value of the MFS program to the retailer in the sense the retailer gains more from the MFS program and MFS is profitable to the retailer in a larger region of the parameter space under the agency model than the wholesale model. The retailer's gain from MFS comes at the expense of consumers and the society under the wholesale model, but the consumers and the society can also benefit from MFS under the agency model. The key driver of these results is that, under the wholesale model, the MFS program increases the severity of the double‐marginalization problem because the MFS program increases the retailer's marginal cost; however, under the agency model, the MFS program reduces the impact of marginalization at the manufacturer end because the manufacturer faces consumers with lower purchasing cost on average. Thus, the MFS program hurts channel coordination in the wholesale model but helps it under the agency model.
A comparison of nomothetic and individualized alpha frequency approaches to measuring frontal EEG alpha asymmetry
Authors: Zhang Diheng , Allen John J. B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFrontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) is considered to be a reliable marker of affective processing and psychopathology. Traditionally, the magnitude of alpha is calculated by taking the average over a nomothetic fixed frequency window (e.g., 8 to 13 Hz). Alternatively, methods have been proposed to extract individualized alpha frequency (IAF) peaks and windows in hopes of improving the reliability and validity of signal detection. However, no study has compared the nomothetic to IAF approaches to examine the reliability and validity of resting FAA in a large well‐characterized data set. In this study, we assessed the psychometric performance of the standard fixed window approach, a PZ‐alpha based IAF approach and a global‐alpha based IAF windows detection approach on a previously collected EEG data set (8 recordings per subject collected on four occasions across two weeks). Our results revealed that resting FAA calculated with these three different methods are highly correlated at all frontal regions (mean r = .98). The stability across the 8 recordings over the two weeks also showed no substantial difference between approaches as indicated by intraclass correlations. Moreover, internal‐consistency reliability, validity with respect to measures of emotion and emotion‐related psychopathology and state–trait Structure equation model (SEM) fitting were evaluated and yielded no significant differences across methods. Our results supported the overall reliability and validity of two different IAF approaches to assessing resting FAA but fail to find any incremental advantage over nomothetic approaches to defining alpha bands. Guidelines for methods selection for future research are provided.
Modulation of similarity on the distraction resistance of visual working memory representation
Authors: Sun Yanliang , Wang Lixue , Sun Nana , Li Shouxin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractControversy exists regarding the distraction resistance of priority items in visual working memory (VWM). The protection account proposes that high‐priority items resist distraction more than low‐priority items, while the vulnerability account proposes that distractors impair high‐priority items more. We proposed another available resource threshold account: distraction will not impair items if available resources exceed their threshold needed for sufficient processing. Using a change‐detection paradigm, we manipulated item priority by color similarity and inserted distractors during VWM retention. We investigated the effect of similarity on distraction resistance of relevant (color) and irrelevant (shape) feature representations (Experiments 1–2), and the neural mechanism of this effect using event‐related potentials (ERPs; Experiment 3). Behavioral results showed distractors impaired the accuracy of dissimilar items when relevant features were memorized and of similar items when irrelevant features were memorized under simultaneous presentation of similar and dissimilar items. Moreover, distractors impaired the accuracy of dissimilar items when relevant features were memorized and of both similar and dissimilar items when irrelevant features were memorized under separate presentation of items. ERP results showed a smaller negative slow wave and P2 but larger N2 under the similar condition. Similarity protected relevant features of similar items against distraction by reducing memory load, decreasing attentional resources allocated to distractors, and strengthening inhibition of distractors. However, similarity did not protect irrelevant features of similar items. Our results support the available resource threshold account, suggesting that VWM is a flexible and intelligent system despite its limited capacity.