bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct Participation of Solvent Molecules in the Formation of Supramolecular Polymers
Authors: Ghosh Goutam , Chakraborty Anwesha , Pal Prasun , Jana Biman , Ghosh Suhrit 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article reports supramolecular polymerization of two bis‐amide functionalized naphthalene‐diimide (NDI) building blocks (NDI−L and NDI−C) in two solvents, namely n‐heptane (Hep) and methylcyclohexane (MCH). NDI−L and NDI−C differ only by the peripheral hydrocarbon wedges, consisting of linear C7 chains or cyclic methylcyclohexane rings, respectively. UV/Vis and FTIR spectroscopy studies reveal distinct internal order and H‐bonding pattern for NDI−L and NDI−C aggregates irrespective of the solvent system, indicating the dominant role of the intrinsic packing parameters of the individual building block, possibly influenced by the peripheral steric crowding. However, NDI−L produces a significantly stronger gel in Hep compared to MCH as evident from the rheological and thermal properties. In contrast, NDI−C exhibits a clear preference for MCH, producing gel with moderate strength but in Hep it fails to produce 1D morphology or gelation. All‐atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies corroborate with the experimental observation and provide the rationale for the observed solvent‐shape effect by revealing a quantitative estimate regarding the thermodynamics of self‐assembly in these four combinations. Such clear‐cut shape‐matching effect (between the peripheral hydrocarbon wedge and the solvent system) unambiguously support a direct participation of the solvent molecules during supramolecular polymerization and presence of a closely‐adhered solvent shell around the supramolecular polymers, similar to the first layer of water molecules around the protein surface. Solvent induced CD experiments support this hypothesis as induced CD band was observed only from a chiral co‐solvent of matching shape. This is reconfirmed by the higher de‐solvation temperature of the shape‐matching NDI/solvent system combination compared to the shape mis‐match combination in variable temperature UV/Vis experiments, revealing transformation to a different aggregate at higher temperatures rather than disassembly to the monomer for all four combinations.
Synthesis of Silico‐Phospho‐Aluminum Nanosheets by Adding Amino Acid and its Catalysis in the Conversion of Furfuryl Alcohol to Fuel Additives
Authors: Ji Ying , Zuo Yi , Liu Huifang , Wang Feng , Guo Xinwen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSelf‐assembled spheres of silico‐phospho‐aluminum nanosheets were synthesized with the addition of l‐arginine and evaluated as catalysts for the valorization of furfuryl alcohol to fuel additives. Adding the amino acid, a bio‐derived additive, contributed to higher external specific surface area and more active sites, featuring a simple, environmentally friendly, and feasible strategy to regulate the growth of nanosheets. Herein, in the reaction of furfuryl alcohol with ethanol, the performance of silico‐phospho‐aluminum nanosheets was significantly improved compared with typical silicon phosphorus aluminum catalyst SAPO‐34. The yield of ethyl levulinate with the use of silico‐phospho‐aluminum nanosheets was 7.8 times higher than for SAPO‐34, and meanwhile the amount of undesirable byproduct diethyl ether was decreased by two orders of magnitude and negligibly produced compared with SAPO‐34. Moreover, replacing part of aluminum isopropoxide with aluminum sulfate as aluminum source could introduce sulfate in situ in the process of catalyst synthesis and increase the amount of acid sites on the catalyst.
General method for constructing multi‐input high‐boost DC‐DC converters with low spike current
Authors: Chen Yanfeng , Xu Minglin , Xiao Wenxun , Zhang Bo , Qiu Dongyuan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSwitched‐capacitor (SC) technique is widely used in high step‐up DC‐DC converters. Yet the unwanted high spike current in the SC‐based loop deteriorates the converters performances. To find a solution to this issue, this paper devises a general method of constructing topologies that can prevent high spike current and obtain additional voltage pumping as well. By inserting a VSL unit, which consists of an inductor, an active switch, and a voltage source, into a typical SC‐based converter, a series of improved topologies can be obtained systematically. Based on the proposed rule of inserting VSL units, the operating modes and sequence of the SC‐VSL‐based loop are first discussed to explain the principle of preventing current spike. Then, performances are analyzed in detail, and experiments are carried out for further verification of the proposed rules and the converters derived from these rules. Results from theoretical analysis and experiments show that the proposed converters can produce an additional voltage pumping capability while suppressing the spike current in the SC loop and thus have a higher efficiency.
Wearable multimodal sensors for the detection of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia using personalized machine learning models
Authors: Iaboni Andrea , Spasojevic Sofija , Newman Kristine , Schindel Martin Lori , Wang Angel , Ye Bing , Mihailidis Alex , Khan Shehroz S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionBehavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) signal distress or unmet needs and present a risk to people with dementia and their caregivers. Variability in the expression of these symptoms is a barrier to the performance of digital biomarkers. The aim of this study was to use wearable multimodal sensors to develop personalized machine learning models capable of detecting individual patterns of BPSD.MethodsOlder adults with dementia and BPSD (n = 17) on a dementia care unit wore a wristband during waking hours for up to 8 weeks. The wristband captured motion (accelerometer) and physiological indicators (blood volume pulse, electrodermal activity, and skin temperature). Agitation or aggression events were tracked, and research staff reviewed videos to precisely annotate the sensor data. Personalized machine learning models were developed using 1‐minute intervals and classifying the presence of behavioral symptoms, and behavioral symptoms by type (motor agitation, verbal aggression, or physical aggression).ResultsBehavioral events were rare, representing 3.4% of the total data. Personalized models classified behavioral symptoms with a median area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) of 0.87 (range 0.64–0.95). The relative importance of the different sensor features to the predictive models varied both by individual and behavior type.DiscussionPatterns of sensor data associated with BPSD are highly individualized, and future studies of the digital phenotyping of these behaviors would benefit from personalization.
Inserting Cre recombinase into the Prolactin 8a2 gene for decidua‐specific recombination in mice
Authors: Dickson Mackenzie J. , Oh Yeongseok , Gruzdev Artiom , Li Rong , Balaguer Nuria , Kelleher Andrew M. , Spencer Thomas E. , Wu San‐Pin , DeMayo Francesco J. 
Published: April 2022

SummaryAn estimated 75% of unsuccessful pregnancies are due to implantation failure. Investigating the causes of implantation failure is difficult as decidualization and embryo implantation is a dynamic process. Here, we describe a new decidua‐specific iCre recombinase mouse strain. Utilizing CRISPR/Cas9‐based genome editing, a mouse strain was developed that expresses iCre recombinase under the control of the endogenous prolactin family 8, subfamily a, member 2 (Prl8a2) promoter. iCre recombinase activity was examined by crossing with mTmG/+ or Sun1‐GFP reporter alleles. iCre activity initiated reporter expression at gestational day 5.5 in the primary decidual zone and continued into mid‐gestation (gestational day 9.5), with expression highly concentrated in the anti‐mesometrial region. No reporter expression was observed in the ovary, oviduct, pituitary, or skeletal muscle, supporting the tissue specificity of the Prl8a2iCre in the primary decidual zone. This novel iCre line will be a valuable tool for in vivo genetic manipulation and lineage tracing to investigate functions of genetic networks and cellular dynamics associated with decidualization and infertility.
Tetranuclear Pd4, PtnPd4‐n (n=1–3), and Pt4 Chains Supported by rac‐ and meso‐Ph2PCH2P(Ph)N(Ar)P(Ph)CH2PPh2 Tuned by Changing N‐Substituents, P‐Configuration, and Terminal Ligands
Authors: Tanase Tomoaki , Fujisawa Yoshimi , Morita Yuka , Ura Yasuyuki , Nakajima Takayuki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWith the hope of tuning structural and electronic properties of the metal chains by changing the N‐substituent group and P‐chiral configurations, a series of PNP bridged tetraphosphines, rac‐ and meso‐Ph2PCH2P(Ph)N(Ar)P(Ph)CH2PPh2 (Ar=4‐RC6H4, R=F (rac‐dpmppanF), CH3 (rac‐dpmppanMe), H (meso‐dpmppan), OMe (meso‐dpmppanOMe); Ar=2,4‐xylyl (rac‐dpmppanMe2)), were synthesized, and utilized to prepare the Pd4 and Pt2Pd2 chains with XylNC terminal ligands, [M4(rac‐dpmppanR)2(XylNC)2](PF6)2 (M4=Pd4, R=F (1F), Me (1Me); M4=Pt2Pd2, R=F (4F), Me (4Me)) and [M4(meso‐dpmppanR)2(XylNC)2](PF6)2 (M4=Pd4, R=H (6), OMe (6OMe); M4=PdPt2Pd, R=OMe (9OMe)). While the M4 metal chains with rac‐dpmppanR (R=H, F, Me) ligands showed only marginal effects on the tetranuclear metal chains, the meso stereoisomer of meso‐dpmppanOMe afforded a new series of Pd4 (6OMe), PtPd3 (7OMe), PtPd2Pt (8OMe), PdPt2Pd (9OMe), Pt3Pd (10OMe), and Pt4 (11OMe) chains that exhibited a characteristic electronic absorption band tunable by the number and positions of incorporated Pt atoms from 628 nm to 473 nm. Especially, 11OMe is the first example of Pt4 chains supported by tetraphosphines. The coordinatively unsaturated Pd4 strings, [Pd4(rac‐dpmppan)2(CH3CN)](BF4)2 (12) and [Pd4(meso‐dpmppanOMe)2](BF4)2 (13), were also synthesized and 12 was utilized in axial ligand exchange reactions with PPh2Me, and PPh3 to disclose their successive incorporation into [Pd4(rac‐dpmppan)2(L)2](BF4)2 (L=PPh2Me (14 a), PPh3 (14 b)) and remarkable red‐shift (713–718 nm) of the HOMO‐LUMO transition of the Pd4 chains. The linear Pd4, PtnPd4‐n (n=1–3), and Pt4 complexes obtained in the present study could be useful 1D building blocks for assembling through metal−metal interaction.
Numerical analysis on influence of surface structures of cathode catalyst layers on performance of polymer electrolyte fuel cells
Authors: Park Kayoung , Wei Yuting , So Magnus , Noh Tae Hyoung , Kimura Naoki , Tsuge Yoshifumi , Inoue Gen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBecause it is time‐consuming to optimize the design of a cathode catalyst layer (CCL), a numerical simulation to predict the reaction and mass transport characteristics without trial and error is desirable. This study used numerical analysis to investigate how the mass transport occurring in CCLs with flat and three‐dimensional (3D) structures influenced the performance. The simulations included the reconstruction of the CCLs and their electrochemical calculation using our multi‐block model. The simulation results showed the reduction of the proton resistance in the ionomer was a factor in improving the performance in the 3D structure in comparison with the flat structure. An increasing aspect ratio of the 3D structure improved the cell performance and decreased the proton resistance in the ionomer. These results were due to the shortened conductive path of the protons from the polymer electrolyte membrane to the gas diffusion layer side surface in the 3D structure. Finally, the cell performance with an increase in the ionomer content was predicted. This numerical analysis made it possible to understand the reaction of the 3D structure and mass transport and predict ways to optimize the structural design to improve cell performance.
Multi‐decadal coastline dynamics in Suriname controlled by migrating subtidal mudbanks
Authors: de Vries Job , van Maanen Barend , Ruessink Gerben , Verweij Pita A. , de Jong Steven M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFor the development of climate‐resilient coastal management strategies, which focus on challenges in the decades to come, it is critical to incorporate spatial and temporal variability of coastline changes. This is particularly true for the mud‐dominated coastline of Suriname, part of the Guianas, where migrating subtidal mudbanks cause a cyclic instability of erosion and accretion of the coast that can be directly related to interbank and bank phases. The coastline hosts extensive mangrove forests, providing valuable ecosystem services to local communities. Recent studies on mudbank dynamics in Suriname predominantly focused on large‐scale trends without accounting for local variability, or on local changes considering the dynamics of a single mudbank over relatively short time scales. Here we use a remote sensing approach, with sufficient spatial and temporal resolution and full spatial and temporal coverage, to quantify the influence of mudbank migration on spatiotemporal coastline dynamics along the entire coast of Suriname.We show that migration of six to eight subtidal mudbanks in front of the Suriname coast has a strong imprint on local coastline dynamics between 1986 and 2020, with an average 32 m/yr accretion during mudbank presence and 4 m/yr retreat of the coastline during mudbank absence. Yet, coastal erosion can still occur when mudbanks are present and coastal aggregation may happen in the absence of mudbanks, exemplifying local variability and thus suggesting the importance of other drivers of coastline changes.The novel remote sensing workflow allowed us to analyse local spatial and temporal variations in the magnitude and timing of expanding and retreating trajectories. Our results demonstrate that it is essential that all coastal behaviours, including changes that cannot be explained by the migration of mudbanks, are included in multi‐decadal management frameworks that try to explain current variability, and predict future coastline changes in Suriname.
A framework for 210Pb model selection and its application to 37 cores from Eastern Canada to identify the dynamics and drivers of lake sedimentation rates
Authors: Baud Alexandre , Aulard Candice , Ghanbari Hamid , Fradette Maxime , Antoniades Dermot , del Giorgio Paul , Huot Yannick , Francus Pierre , Smol John , Gregory‐Eaves Irene 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLake sedimentation rate represents a synthetic metric of ecosystem functioning. Many localized studies have reported a significant association between land use/land cover changes and lake sediment mass accumulation rates, with a few global syntheses echoing these findings at larger scales. In the literature, studies evaluating lead‐210 (210Pb) for establishing sediment chronologies will report at least one of three dating models, but the constant rate of supply (CRS) model is the most widely used. However, it is often unclear how or why this model is selected, despite its influence on the interpretation of many subsequent analyses about ecosystem dynamics and functioning. It would thus be advantageous to design an objective and semi‐automated way of choosing among dating models. We measured radioisotopic activities in 37 sediment cores across four ecozones of Eastern Canada and developed an approach to assess model fit for the three commonly applied dating models. The derived chronologies were then used to evaluate the spatial and temporal variation in sedimentation rates across four ecozones in Canada (covering a surface area of 2.2 × 106 km2). We observed a recent increase in lake sedimentation rates across most lakes, as has been observed globally, albeit with significant differences in the magnitude of sedimentation rates across ecozones. Across all lakes, we found that regional human population counts and mean annual air temperatures were significant temporal predictors of variation in mass accumulation rates. Overall, this analytical framework offers an objective approach for assessing fit and selecting among sediment age models, which contributes to a more robust quantification of sedimentation rates. With this first application, we provide a quantitative assessment of how lake sedimentation rates have varied across a northern lake‐rich region and have responded to environmental change.
Inhibitory effects of saeu‐jeot extract on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and radiation‐induced micronucleus formation
Authors: Li Lan , Kim Hee‐Sun , Kwon Sung‐Won , Lee Min‐Jae 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeSaeu‐jeot, or shrimp paste, is a traditional Korean high‐salt fermented seafood. This study elucidated the effects of saeu‐jeot extract (SJE) on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and radiation‐induced micronucleus formation.MethodWe treated lipopolysaccharide‐primed mouse bone marrow‐derived macrophages with the NLRP3 inflammasome activators ATP and nigericin. We also analyzed the acute effects of ionizing radiation on micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCEs) in whole‐body gamma‐irradiated male BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice after oral administration of SJE.ResultsSJE significantly inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation, reducing IL‐1β secretion in vitro. In addition, the frequency of MnPCEs was significantly lower in SJE‐treated mice.ConclusionsSJE has anti‐inflammatory effects and reduces radiation‐induced chromosome damage.Advance in knowledge: There are no reports concerning the effects of SJE on NLRP3 inflammasome activation or radioprotection. This experiment showed the radioprotective effects of saeu‐jeot.
Quality assessment of yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) meat cultured in an offshore floating flexible facility
Authors: Ando Masashi , Mok Wen Jye , Maeda Yuji , Miki Ryoji , Fukuda Takashi , Tsukamasa Yasuyuki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCommercial aquaculture of yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) is challenging, owing to deterioration of aquaculture environments. Offshore aquaculture may be a means of overcoming these problems. Here, we assessed the quality of flesh from offshore yellowtail (OY) bred for 1 year in an offshore floating flexible facility compared with coastal yellowtail (CY) cultured simultaneously in a coastal cage facility. The survival rate of the OY group was 94.46%, which was slightly lower than that of CY (98.18%). The feeding rate (feeding weight/fish weight) of CY was 0.4–0.5, whereas that of OY was only 0.3, possibly because poor weather conditions prevented feeding at the offshore facility. However, final fish weights did not differ significantly between both groups. In sensory tests, OY was inferior to CY in terms of oily taste. The lipid content in CY was significantly higher than that in OY. Hardness analysis revealed that OY muscles were harder than those of CY. There were no significant differences between OY and CY in overall sensory evaluations; thus, OY was judged as having equivalent value as a food product with CY. The redness of dark muscles was not significantly different on day 1 of refrigeration. However, the redness value of OY was significantly higher than that of CY on day 2. The inferior fattiness of OY relative to that of CY can be overcome by improving the feeding method. Therefore, offshore aquaculture with negligible environmental pollution may be effective for further development of aquaculture.
Comparative study of physicochemical, nutritional, phytochemical, and sensory properties of bread with plantain and soy flours partly replacing wheat flour
Authors: Udomkun Patchimaporn , Masso Cargele , Swennen Rony , Romuli Sebastian , Innawong Bhundit , Fotso Kuate Apollin , Akin‐Idowu Pamela Eloho , Alakonya Amos , Vanlauwe Bernard 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPlantain flour (PLF) and soy flour (SF) were used to substitute wheat flour (10% and 20% w/w) in composite bread. Physicochemical, phytochemical, and sensory properties were investigated. Partial substitution by PLF significantly increased (p < .05) starch, amylose, ascorbic acid, and potassium content in bread samples. In contrast, a significant improvement (p < .05) in protein, fat, amylopectin, and calcium content was observed with SF substitution. Composite bread with PLF and SF together lowered the hydrolysis index (HI) and glycemic index (GI) as compared with whole wheat flour. The molar phytate to minerals (iron, zinc, and calcium) ratio in all composite loaves was lower than reported critical values, except for phytate to iron. Significant differences (p < .05) were found in color, specific volume, and texture characteristics of loaves made from partial substitution with PLF and SF. Sensory evaluation revealed that bread with 10% PLF exhibited better scores for appearance and willingness to pay than the control. In contrast, SF negatively affected (p < .05) the appearance, texture, color, overall acceptance, and willingness to pay. The trade‐off analysis indicated that PLF can be utilized to produce bread that meets consumers' demands, while incorporating SF as an alternative high‐nutrient density bread will be beneficial to health.
Trondhjemites from the Qianxi Complex, North China Craton: Implications for Neoarchean crustal growth
Authors: Wang Ming‐Xian , Santosh M. , Yang Cheng‐Xue , Jang Yirang , Yu Bing , Gao Pin 
Published: April 2022

The TTG (tonalite‐trondhjemite‐granodiorite) rock suites are major building blocks of the Archean continental crust and their timing of formation and petrogenetic evolution are important keys to understanding the growth of continents in the Early Earth. Here we investigate trondhjemites from the Qiangxi Complex in the North China Craton and present petrological, geochemical and zircon U–Pb, REE and Lu–Hf data to understand the timing of their formation and petrogenetic history. The trondhjemites in our study belong to typical Archean Na‐rich TTG rocks and their geochemical features are similar to high‐Al TTG rocks. The geochemical characteristics of these rocks and the associated amphibolite indicate derivation from a subduction‐related hydrous basalt. The magmatic zircon grains from the trondhjemite samples show a peak 207Pb/206Pb age around 2,515 Ma. Magmatic zircon in the associated amphibolite also shows a similar age representing the timing of the protolith formation. Both the trondhjemites and amphibolite also contain metamorphic zircon grains which constrain the timing of metamorphism as 2,451–2,490 Ma, suggesting high‐grade metamorphism closely following the magmatism, associated with the assembly of the microblocks in the NCC. The geochemical characteristics and zircon age data presented in this study, in conjunction with those in previous studies from the Qiangxi Complex, suggest subduction‐related arc building occurred dominantly during 2.6–2.5 Ga. The Lu‐Hf isotope data from zircon grains in the trondhjemite and amphibolite samples of this study show dominantly positive εHf(t) values, indicating that the protolith magma was derived from juvenile components or depleted mantle. Our new results in conjunction with the data reported in earlier studies indicate a major crust‐building event through multiple magmatism during Neoarchean. The depleted mantle ages (TDM) of zircon in our samples range from 2,857 Ma to 2,605 Ma indicating that active subduction might have initiated in the late Mesoarchean, with the peak of magmatism during 2.6–2.5 Ga, followed by metamorphism at ca. 2.45–2.49 Ga.
The UN Challenge to Guardianship and Surrogate Decision‐Making
Authors: Dresser Rebecca 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn 2006, the United Nations issued the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The Convention, together with an accompanying commentary, urges governments to abandon laws authorizing guardianship and substitute decision‐making for people with intellectual disabilities and to replace them with supportive decision‐making laws that give all individuals the freedom to make choices reflecting their “will and preferences.” Although critics point to ethical and legal problems with this approach, the Convention and commentary offer guidance to clinicians, ethicists, and others involved in evaluating medical decision‐making. Whether or not it leads to formal legal action, the Convention rightly urges us to give people with cognitive impairments a greater role in decisions about their lives.