bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Characteristics and Associated Factors of Colonic Polyps in
Acromegaly
Authors: Peng Guiliang , Li Xing , Zhou Yuanyuan , Bai Jianying , Hong Pian , Li Weixing , Zhang Yuling , Zhang Lei , Liao Qian , Liao Mingyu , Zhou Ling , Sun Zheng , Shen Rufei , Zheng Hongting , Long Min 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose To investigate the clinical characteristics and associated factors
of colonic polyps in patients with acromegaly.
Methods Clinical characteristics and colonoscopy findings of 86 acromegaly
patients who received treatment were retrospectively reviewed, and colonoscopy
findings and the correlation with growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary
adenoma (GHPA) volume and hormonal/metabolic levels were analyzed.
Results The prevalence of colonic polyps in acromegaly patients was
40.7% and increased significantly with advanced age, especially in those
≥50 years. Multiple polyps (62.8%) and colonic polyps in the
left colon (54.2%) were detected more frequently. Compared to acromegaly
patients without polyps, those with polyps displayed higher insulin-like growth
factor-1 × upper limit of normal (IGF-1×ULN) levels
(P=0.03). IGF-1 levels and GHPA volumes in patients with polyps
showed increasing trends, although the differences were not significant. GH
levels were higher in patients with polyps of diameter ≤5 mm
than those with polyps of diameter >5 mm
(P=0.031). The univariate and multivariate logistic regression
analysis revealed that GHPA volumes (OR: 1.09, 95% CI:
1.01–1.20; P=0.039) and IGF-1×ULN Q2 levels (OR:
6.51, 95% CI: 1.20–44.60; P=0.038) were
independent factors for predicting the risk of colonic polyp occurrence in
acromegaly patients. A nomogram was prepared to evaluate the risk of colonic
polyps in acromegaly patients.
Conclusion The acromegalic patients are a population with a high
prevalence of colonic polyps. GHPA volumes and IGF-1×ULN levels may be
predictors of colonic polyp occurrence.
Applying Occam's Razor and Descending the Reconstructive Ladder: The Modified Cheek Advancement Flap for Reconstruction of Nasal Defects
Authors: Himeles Jaclyn Rosenthal , Criscito Maressa C. , Kellner Rebecca , Lee Nayoung , Stevenson Mary L. , Sclafani Anthony P. , Carucci John A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNasal reconstruction has important functional and cosmetic considerations, as proper repair of nasal defects is necessary to maintain function of the nasal airway and to recreate the normal appearance of this central facial structure. Cheek advancement flaps provide matched, mobile, and highly vascularized tissue for the reconstruction of nasal defects, allowing for the concealment of incisions within natural creases in a one-stage approach. However, cheek advancement flaps are often underutilized for nasal reconstruction because of their difficulty in restoring nasal contour. We describe reconstruction of 19 nasal dorsal and sidewall defects 0.8 to 3 cm in size. We incorporated a periosteal anchoring suture to maintain/restore nasal contour and additionally removed a half standing cone inferior to the defect to prevent encroachment of the nasal ala or alar crease. All patients were evaluated at least 3 months postoperatively. In all patients, we were able to restore concavity of the nasofacial sulcus, preserve the biconvex nasal tips, prevent alar flaring and retraction, and conserve the alar groove. All patients had excellent functional and cosmetic outcomes. We believe this modified cheek advancement flap provides functionally and aesthetically superior results and can be considered as a first-line approach for repair of nasal dorsal and sidewall defects in subselected patients.
Outcomes and Risk Factors in Microsurgical Forefoot Reconstruction
Authors: Mayr-Riedler Michael S , Wacker Alexander , Gedrich Florian , Ninkovic Milomir , Machens Hans-Günther , Dozan Mirko , Broer P. Niclas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background Defects at the forefoot frequently require microsurgical reconstruction; however, reconstructive failure can lead to results inferior to primary amputation. The purpose of this study was to identify independent factors affecting surgical outcomes and hospitalization time in these patients.
Methods All patients that underwent free flap reconstruction of the forefoot between 2008 and 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. Statistical evaluation included binary logistic regression and correlation analysis.
Results A total of 93 free flap procedures were performed in 87 patients. The most common defect etiologies were acute trauma (30 cases; 32.3%), diabetic foot syndrome (20 cases; 21.5%), and infection (17 cases; 18.3%). Muscle flaps were used in 50 cases (53.8%) and fasciocutaneous flaps were used in 43 cases (46.2%). Major complications occurred in 24 cases (25.8%) including 11 total flap losses and 2 partial flap losses. Minor complications occurred in 38 cases (40.9%). Patients aged 60 years or above were at significant higher risk of major complications (p = 0.029). Use of fasciocutaneous flaps (odds ratio [OR]: 14.341; p = 0.005), arterial hypertension (OR: 18.801; p = 0.014), and operative time (min) (OR: 1.010; p = 0.029) were identified as individual risk factors for major complications. Two venous anastomoses significantly reduced the risk of major complications (OR: 0.078; p = 0.022). Multiresistant bacterial wound colonization (OR: 65.152; p < 0.001) and defect size (OR: 1.007; p = 0.045) were identified as independent risk factors for minor complications. The median hospital stay was 28 days (7–85 days). Age significantly correlated with the length of hospital stay (r = 0.405, p < 0.01).
Conclusion Our study identified independent risk factors that might help to make individual decisions whether to target microsurgical forefoot reconstruction or primary amputation. Two venous anastomoses should be performed whenever feasible, and muscle free flaps should be preferred in patients at higher risk of major surgical complications.
Evaluating the Dental Hygienists' Exposure to the Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Ćwirzeń Waldemar , Wagner Leopold 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate dental hygienists' exposure to the risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), by the worksheets compatible with the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA).
Materials and Methods The research included 272 dental hygienists aged 23 to 52 years from the two administrative regions of Poland.
Statistical Analysis STATISTICA 12 and Microsoft Excel were used to analyse the results. The level of significance was p<0.05. The normality of the distribution was tested with the Shapiro–Wilk test. The relationships between the variables were assessed with the χ2 test. Due to the lack of “normality” of the REBA risk distribution, the Mann–Whitney test was used to verify the hypotheses.
Results Overall, 48.5% of the examined showed a neck flexion >20, torsion of 80.1%, and 37.5% declared the presence of both types of loads. Also, 14.3% of the examined kept a vertical position, 53.7% flexion to the torso up to 20degrees, 31.4% to 60degrees, and 2.1% to >60degrees. Further, 78.3% of people indicated that they twist the torso. Then, 7% marked the low load's arms position, 45.6% marked the range from 20 to 45degrees, and 39.7% marked the range from 45 to 90degrees. Over 55% showed additional load related to the raising or abduction of the shoulders. Overall, 43% showed a wrong position of forearms. Also, 62.9% showed wrists flexed <15° and the rest showed >15degrees. Again, 79% showed additional twisting and flexion of the wrists. Almost 75% of the examined are exposed to overloads associated with the static load. The examined are not exposed to excessive loads resulting from sudden exertion. REBA scores indicate that the negligible MSDs risk concerns 0.7% examined; low risk, 5.5%; medium risk, 33,1%; high risk, 49.3%; and very high risk, 11.4%. The correlation coeffcients analysis showed that exposure risk is strongly correlated with the overloads on the tested parts of the body in both groups.
Conclusion The levels of MSDs risk indicate that hygienists more often should be subjected to periodic check-ups in the workplace. They also need ergonomic interventions (education, preventive technique, physical activity, and improvement of the working environment) and modifications of hygienist's college programs in the field of work ergonomics can be also considered.
In Silico Study of Liquid Smoke Rice Husk against COVID-19
Authors: Arundina Ira , Frimayanti Neni , Surboyo Meircurius D. C. , Budhy Theresia I. , Iskandar Benni , Pradana Arya , Rahmaputry Tytania 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objectives Liquid smoke rice husk has been researched and proved to consist of antibacterial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and growth factor stimulatory properties. By these complex properties, the liquid smoke rice hull is able to purpose as a novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) inhibitor. The research was conducted to analyze the role of the dominant compound in rice husk liquid smoke against one of the main proteases in complex with inhibitor N3 of COVID-19 and 6LU7 protein data bank (PDB) ID.
Material
and Methods The Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) 2020.0901 (Chemical computing group) was used to analyzed the interaction. The molecular structure test, including phenol, mequinol, 2-methoxy-phenol, 6-octadecenoic acid, oleic acid, 9-cctadecenoic acid, was chosen. The lopinavir as positive control and 6LU7 as COVID-19 protein were chosen. All the protein analyses were conducted using docking molecular.
Result The phenol, 2-methoxy-phenol, mequinol and 9-octadecenoic acid have higher binding free energy that causes difficult to bind to the active site of protein 6LU7 (−3.4758, −3.5509, −3.6845, and −5.0173 kcal/mol, respectively). The minor component of liquid smoke, such as 6-octadecenoic acid and oleic acid, has the binding free energy (−5,5327 and −5,4208 kcal/mol) and more factor of binding presumably as active COVID-19 inhibitor.
Conclusion The liquid smoke rice husk has active component like 6-octadecenoic acid and oleic acid are presumably as active COVID-19 inhibitor.
Effect of Chitosan and Acrylic Acid Addition to Acrylic Resin on Porosity and Streptococcus mutans Growth in Denture Base
Authors: Ismiyati Titik , Alhasyimi Ananto Ali 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective This work aimed to determine the effect of adding chitosan and acrylic acid to acrylic resin denture base on the porosity of the material and the growth of Streptococcus mutans.
Materials and Methods This study is an experimental laboratory research. Samples were divided into the following three groups (n = 10): group 1 was the control group, group 2 was the acrylic resin mixture with 1% chitosan and acrylate acid, and group 3 was the acrylic resin mixture with 2% chitosan and acrylate acid. S. mutans growth was tested using the dilution method, and porosity was examined using an optical microscope. Data were calculated by one-way analysis of variance (p < 0.05) and correlation analysis.
Results The acrylic resin added with 2% chitosan and acrylic acid showed pores with an almost spherical shape and the smallest size. Significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed among all the groups. A positive and extremely strong correlation was found between porosity and S. mutans growth.
Conclusion Chitosan and acrylic acid at 1 and 2% concentrations can be added to acrylic resin to minimize the porosity of the denture base and reduce the growth of S. mutans. A less porous denture is associated with a low S. mutans growth rate.
Cancer Diagnoses during Active Conflict: Experience from a Cancer Program in Northwest Syria
Authors: Atassi Bassel , Tse Gina , Mkhallalati Hala , Debel Jamil , Jemmo Ayham , Khalil Molham , Alrahal Yahya , Almalki Monzr , Hamadeh Mufaddal , Tarakji Ahmad , Abbara Aula 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background Protracted conflict has destroyed Syria's health system with severe impacts on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic and high-cost diseases including cancer. Here, we review the type and (where possible) the stage of cancers diagnosed in a pathology laboratory serving Northwest Syria.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed all pathology reports which reported a diagnosis of cancer from a pathology department in Northwest Syria from January to December 2020.
Results A total of 397 new cancers were diagnosed during 2020 of which 191 were among males (48.1%) and 20 cases were in children aged 17 years or under (5%). The most common cancer in men was bladder cancer (15.7%) and skin cancers (14.7%) followed by cancers in the lymph nodes (includes primary and secondary; 9.9%.) In women, breast cancer (38.3%) followed by skin cancer skin (9.7%) and uterine cancer (8.7%) was the most common. The overall proportion of cancer diagnoses were breast cancer (20.2%), skin cancer (12.1%), cancer affecting lymph nodes (8.8%), and urinary bladder (8.3%) and colorectal cancer (7.3%).
Discussion This preliminary analysis is the first report of cancer types and demographics in areas outside of government control in Syria since the onset of the conflict. Despite limitations, it presents some indication of the burden of oncological diagnoses in this area. Further research which aims to describe and address the burden of cancer on populations under ongoing conflict and humanitarian crises remains essential, especially in Northwest Syria given ongoing attacks and severe underfunding. There is a particular need to investigate how best to apply interventions and support health systems and cancer services within conflict settings. More support and resources need to be allocated to cancer centers with long-term health partnership models. The underresourced and understaffed conditions of the hospital are significant limits to a more detailed report.
Determination of electron and phonon temperatures in gold thin film irradiated with an ultrashort laser pulse
Authors: Hayashi Ryosuke , Iwasaki Atsushi , Vasa Parinda , Yamanouchi Kaoru 
Published: September 2022

We measured transient reflectivity of single-crystalline and polycrystalline gold thin films in the wavelength region of 450–700 nm pumped by a 400 nm femtosecond pulse. The observed reflectivity changes were reproduced well by a reflectivity model that we developed based on the joint-density-of-states calculated from the band structure of gold and the Drude model. By a combination use of the reflectivity model and the two-temperature model, we evaluated the temporal evolution of the electron and phonon temperatures from the observed reflectivity changes. Based on the resultant electron and phonon temperatures, we derived the electron–phonon coupling factors, which were consistent with the literature values, in the wide range of the absorbed energy density.
Role-play and dialogic meta-pragmatics in developing and assessing pragmatic competence
Authors: Van Dyke Angelina , Acton William R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Role-play as a bridging and integrating practice in language teaching and development of pragmatic competence in
learners is well-established. In an EAP classroom (Van Dyke & Acton, 2021) explored
the impact of one fluency protocol, Cooperative Attending Skills Training, by which students were trained to
listen attentively to shared personal stories, working toward more sophisticated strategies of conversational interaction. That
system included dialogic, pragmatics-focused, spontaneous analysis and instructor-student discussion of interactional discourse
features. With that experience, further modeling and conceptual input, participants in this study engaged in six role-plays, each
involving a problem requiring pragmatic accommodation. The data from transcribed role-plays were analyzed in terms of pragmatic
discourse functions and NVivo-based thematic threads. The generally successful application of the targeted skills and concepts by
course end most likely resulted from the engaging meta-pragmatic interactions preceding the role-plays, and the formal and
informal instructor feedback related to implicature, prosody, implicit understandings, direct conversation strategies, grammar,
and vocabulary.
How does syntactic priming experience support language development?
Authors: Messenger Katherine , Branigan Holly , Buckle Leone , Lindsay Laura 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Syntactic priming effects are argued to reflect the mechanisms that underlie language acquisition. This
chapter explores the predictions of key models for such learning via syntactic priming and discusses the extent to which
behavioural evidence is consistent with these predictions. Specifically, the chapter examines whether the timecourse of
priming effects in research with children reflects lasting effects of syntactic experiences, and what between-group and
between-individual variation in priming effects, predicted by the error-based nature of the learning mechanism, might be
expected. The chapter also considers whether learning via priming might be located in comprehension and – or production
processes. The chapter finishes by making recommendations for how future research may build on existing findings to further
test these models, including discussing methodological implications.
Structural priming in bilingual children
Authors: Gámez Perla Blanca , Vasilyeva Marina , Sierra Jordan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Structural priming has been heralded as an important methodological tool for investigating language
processing in young children. Despite the limited number of structural priming studies with bilingual children, the findings
from these studies have already provided important insights that inform our understanding of language acquisition and
bilingual language representation. Thus, this chapter provides an overview of the literature on structural priming in
bilingual children as well as identifies critical gaps in our knowledge base that suggest future directions for research. The
chapter begins with a discussion on cross-linguistic priming with adults, a body of literature that has raised important
developmental questions about the nature of syntactic representations in children. This chapter also suggests modifications to
a prominent model of bilingual language production to accommodate a broader range of bilingual speakers.
Syntactic priming as a window to investigate grammatical learning in non-typical populations
Authors: Garraffa Maria , Smith Giuditta 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Syntactic priming is a useful tool for investigating grammatical learning in both children and adults with
language impairment. The studies discussed in this chapter combine psycholinguistic methods and theoretical approaches for
advancing our knowledge of language pathologies, elucidating some of the mechanisms of grammatical learning that could be at
the core of the language impairment. The first part of the chapter discusses experimental studies on syntactic priming in
children with a developmental language disorder (DLD), with a focus on the learning mechanisms that support the acquisition of
grammatical structures in these children, structures that are otherwise rare in input and output. The second part of the
chapter discusses the use of priming in the investigation of acquired language disorders in adults, when language has already
been acquired and access is assumed to be the chief problem.
Syntactic priming and language intervention for children with grammatical deficits
Authors: Leonard Laurence B. , Krok Windi , Wisman Weil Lisa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this chapter, we discuss how insights from the syntactic priming literature might refine language
intervention procedures for children with grammatical deficits. In turn, we note how current language intervention practices
can suggest new areas of research on syntactic priming. Applications from syntactic priming to language intervention include
consideration of the lexical content of the clinician’s input utterance relative to the child’s response, the timing between
the input utterance and the response, and even the degree to which the input utterance is directed toward the child rather
than to another participant in the conversation. Research on syntactic priming based on current language intervention
practices can likewise cover a wide range. Some research questions concern priming effects as a function of the child’s level
of grammar, such as whether a child’s utterances are first confined to the same thematic structure as the prime, only later
becoming more abstract. Other questions pertain to the conversational role of the prime, such as whether a prime is just as
effective if it was a recast of the child’s own prior utterance. It appears that each area – syntactic priming and language
intervention – can benefit from the contributions of the other.
Progress of hydrogenation engineering in crystalline silicon solar cells: a review
Authors: Song Lihui , Hu Zechen , Lin Dehang , Yang Deren , Yu Xuegong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Crystalline silicon solar cells are always moving towards ‘high efficiency and low cost’, which requires continuously improving the quality of crystalline silicon materials. Nevertheless, crystalline silicon materials typically contain various kinds of impurities and defects, which act as carrier recombination centers. Therefore these impurities and defects must be well controlled during the solar cell fabrication processes to improve the cell efficiency. Hydrogenation of crystalline silicon is one important method to deactivate these impurities and defects, which is so-called ‘hydrogenation engineering’ in this paper. Hydrogen is widely reported to be able to passivate diverse defects like crystallographic defects, metallic impurities, boron-oxygen related defects and etc, but the effectiveness of hydrogen passivation depends strongly on the processing conditions. Moreover, in this decade, advanced hydrogenation technique has been developed and widely applied in the photovoltaic industry to significantly improve the performance of silicon solar cells. As the research on hydrogenation study has made a significant progress, it is the right time to write a review paper on introducing the state-of-the-art hydrogenation study and its applications in photovoltaic industry. The paper first introduces the fundamental properties of hydrogen in crystalline silicon and then discusses the applications of hydrogen on deactivating/inducing typical defects (e.g. dislocations, grain boundaries, various metallic impurities, boron–oxygen related defects and light and elevated temperature induced degradation defect) in p- and n-type crystalline silicon, respectively. At last, the benefits of hydrogenation engineering on the next-generation silicon solar cells (e.g. tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) and silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells) are discussed. Overall, it was found that hydrogen can deactivate most of typical defects (sometimes induce defect) in n- and p-type crystalline silicon, leading to a significant efficiency enhancement in passivated emitter rear contact, TOPCon and SHJ solar cells. In conclusion, the paper aims to assist young researchers to better understand hydrogenation research.