bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) at Ground Sites During CalNex 2010 and Insight Into Its Thermodynamic Properties
Authors: Tao Ye , VandenBoer Trevor C. , Veres Patrick R. , Warneke Carsten , de Gouw Joost A. , Weber Rodney J. , Markovic Milos Z. , Zhao Yongjing , Baker Kirk R. , Kelly James T. , Murphy Jennifer G. , Young Cora J. , Roberts James M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGas phase hydrogen chloride (HCl) was measured at Pasadena and San Joaquin Valley (SJV) ground sites in California during May and June 2010 as part of the CalNex study. Observed mixing ratios were on average 0.83 ppbv at Pasadena, ranging from below detection limit (0.055 ppbv) to 5.95 ppbv, and were on average 0.084 ppbv at SJV with a maximum value of 0.776 ppbv. At both sites, HCl levels were highest during midday and shared similar diurnal variations with HNO3. Coupled phase partitioning behavior was found between HCl/Cl− and HNO3/NO3− using thermodynamic modeling and observations. Regional modeling of Cl− and HCl using Community Multiscale Air Quality captures some of the observed relationships but underestimates measurements by a factor of 5 or more. Chloride in the 2.5–10 μm size range in Pasadena was sometimes higher than sea salt abundances, based on co‐measured Na+, implying that sources other than sea salt are important. The acid‐displacement of HCl/Cl− by HNO3/NO3− (phase partitioning of semi‐volatile acids) observed at the SJV site can only be explained by aqueous phase reaction despite low RH conditions and suggests the temperature dependence of HCl phase partitioning behavior was strongly impacted by the activity coefficient changes under relevant aerosol conditions (e.g., high ionic strength). Despite the influence from activity coefficients, the gas‐particle system was found to be well constrained by other stronger buffers and charge balance so that HCl and Cl− concentrations were reproduced well by thermodynamic models.
Age-related visual impairments and retinal ganglion cells axonal degeneration in a mouse model harboring OPTN (E50K) mutation
Authors: Hou Mingying , Shao Zhengbo , Zhang Shiqi , Liu Xinna , Fan Pan , Jiang Menglu , Zhao Yutong , Xiao Rong , Yuan Huiping 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRetinal ganglion cells (RGCs) axons are the signal carriers of visual information between retina and brain. Therefore, they play one of the important roles affected in many optic neurodegenerative diseases like glaucoma. Among the genetic risks associated with glaucoma, the E50K mutation in the Optineurin (OPTN) gene are known to result in glaucoma in the absence of increased intraocular pressure (IOP), whereas the relevant pathological mechanism and neurological issues remain to be further investigated. In this study, the OPTN (E50K) mutant mouse model was established through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing, and aging-related RGCs loss and the visual dysfunction were identified. In E50K mice 16 months old, the axonal transport decreased comparing to wild-type (WT) mice at the same age. Furthermore, results of electron microscopy demonstrated significant morphological anomaly of mitochondria in RGCs axons of young E50K mice 3 months old, and these changes were aggravated with age. These indicated that the damaged mitochondria-associated dysfunction of RGCs axon should play an etiological role in glaucoma as an age-related outcome of OPTN (E50K) mutation. The findings of this study have potential implications for the targeted prevention and treatment of NTG.
MEOX2-mediated regulation of Cathepsin S promotes cell proliferation and motility in glioma
Authors: Wang Ji , Chen Yanming , Wang Qing , Xu Hui , Wu Chunwang , Jiang Qianqian , Wu Guoqing , Zhou Honglong , Xiao Zongyu , Chen Ying , Zhang Tan , Lan Qing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNuclear transcription factor Mesenchyme Homeobox 2 (MEOX2) is a homeobox gene that is originally discovered to suppress the growth of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. However, whether or not it is connected to cancer is yet unknown. Here, we report that MEOX2 functions as a tumor-initiating element in glioma. Bioinformatic analyses of public databases and investigation of MEOX2 expression in patients with glioma demonstrated that MEOX2 was abundant at both mRNA and protein levels in glioma. MEOX2 expression was shown to be inversely linked with the prognosis of glioma patients. MEOX2 inhibition changed the morphology of glioma cells, inhibited cell proliferation and motility, whereas had no effect on cell apoptosis. Besides, silencing MEOX2 also hampered the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), focal adhesion formation, and F-actin assembly. Overexpression of MEOX2 exhibited opposite effects. Importantly, RNA-sequencing, ChIP-qPCR assay, and luciferase reporter assay revealed Cathepsin S (CTSS) as a novel transcriptional target of MEOX2 in glioma cells. Consistently, MEOX2 causes glioma tumor development in mice and greatly lowers the survival period of tumor-bearing mice. Our findings indicate that MEOX2 promotes tumorigenesis and progression of glioma partially through the regulation of CTSS. Targeting MEOX2-CTSS axis might be a promising alternative for the treatment of glioma.
Autoimmune markers in screening for orbital inflammatory disease
Authors: Ang Terence , Juniat Valerie , Selva Dinesh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Immunogenic causes of inflammation may be difficult to differentiate in the work-up of orbital inflammatory disease. The study aims to investigate the utility of autoimmune markers in the screening for orbital inflammation. Markers studied included angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA), extractable nuclear antigen (ENA), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (Anti-CCP) and anti-double stranded DNA antibody (Anti-dsDNA antibody).

Methods
A retrospective single-centre study of consecutive patients with non-infective orbital inflammation screened for autoimmune markers at presentation. Serology was interpreted alongside clinical course and other investigations (e.g. radiographic features and histopathology). Tabulated data and Pearson’s Chi-square allowed analysis of trends between serology, diagnosis and the decision to biopsy.

Results
79 patients, between 1999 and 2021, were included (50 females, mean age was 50.4 ± 17.4 years). 28 (34.6%) patients had specific orbital inflammation and 53 (65.4%) patients had non-specific orbital inflammation (NSOI). Of the 12 patients with positive serology and a specific diagnosis, only 5 (41.7%) patients had concordant serological results. There was no association between serology results and the patient undergoing biopsy (P = 0.651). Serology was unable to exclude nor differentiate NSOI from other specific conditions and ANA had limited discriminatory value between specific conditions and NSOI.

Conclusion
Serological testing alone may not provide a clear direction for further investigation of orbital inflammation and a biopsy may occur independently of the serological results. The value of autoimmune markers may lie in subsequent follow-up as patients may develop suggestive symptoms after an indeterminate positive result or initially seronegative disease.
pmTR database: population matched (pm) germline allelic variants of T-cell receptor (TR) loci
Authors: Dekker Julian , van Dongen Jacques J. M. , Reinders Marcel J. T. , Khatri Indu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe IMGT database profiles theTRgermline alleles for all fourTRloci (TRA,TRB,TRGandTRD), however, it does not comprise of the information regarding population specificity and allelic frequencies of these germline alleles. The specificity of allelic variants to different human populations can, however, be a rich source of information when studying the genetic basis of population-specific immune responses in disease and in vaccination. Therefore, we meticulously identified true germline alleles enriched with completeTRallele sequences and their frequencies across 26 different human populations, profiled by “1000 Genomes data”. We identified 205TRAV, 249TRBV, 16TRGVand 5TRDVgermline alleles supported by at least four haplotypes. The diversity of germline allelic variants in theTRloci is the highest in Africans, while the majority of the Non-African alleles are specific to the Asian populations, suggesting a diverse profile ofTRgermline alleles in different human populations. Interestingly, the alleles in the IMGT database are frequent and common across all five super-populations. We believe that this new set of germlineTRsequences represents a valuable new resource which we have made available through the new population-matchedTR(pmTR) database, accessible viahttps://pmtrig.lumc.nl/.
Expanding the PURA syndrome phenotype with manifestations in a Japanese female patient
Authors: Fukuda Yuya , Kudo Yoshimasa , Saito Makoto , Kaname Tadashi , Oota Tohru , Shoji Reikichi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe report on a 15-year-old Japanese female patient with hypotonia and global developmental delay from the neonatal period who was revealed to carry a known pathogenicPURAvariant (NM_005859.5:c.697_699del, p.Phe233del) by whole-exome sequencing. She had previously unreported clinical features, including a rectovestibular fistula, extremely short stature, and underweight, expanding the known phenotype of PURA syndrome.
Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) protects mitochondrial function of HEI-OC1 cells under premature senescence
Authors: Gao Ying , Kamogashira Teru , Fujimoto Chisato , Iwasaki Shinichi , Yamasoba Tatsuya 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), an oxidoreductase cofactor, on the H2O2-induced premature senescence model in HEI-OC1 auditory cells and to elucidate its mechanism of action in vitro. Cells were treated with PQQ for 1 day before H2O2(100 μM) exposure. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity was damaged in this premature senescence model but was restored in cells pretreated with PQQ (0.1 nM or 1.0 nM). A decrease in mitochondrial potential, the promotion of mitochondrial fusion and the accelerated movement of mitochondria were all observed in PQQ-pretreated cells. The protein expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) were significantly decreased under H2O2exposure while they were increased with PQQ pretreatment, and PGC-1α acetylation was significantly decreased. In conclusion, PQQ has a protective effect on the premature senescence model of HEI-OC1 auditory cells and is associated with the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway, mitochondrial structure, and mitochondrial respiratory capacity.
Numerical quality control for DFT-based materials databases
Authors: Carbogno Christian , Thygesen Kristian Sommer , Bieniek Björn , Draxl Claudia , Ghiringhelli Luca M. , Gulans Andris , Hofmann Oliver T. , Jacobsen Karsten W. , Lubeck Sven , Mortensen Jens Jørgen , Strange Mikkel , Wruss Elisabeth , Scheffler Matthias 
Published: April 2022

AbstractElectronic-structure theory is a strong pillar of materials science. Many different computer codes that employ different approaches are used by the community to solve various scientific problems. Still, the precision of different packages has only been scrutinized thoroughly not long ago, focusing on a specific task, namely selecting a popular density functional, and using unusually high, extremely precise numerical settings for investigating 71 monoatomic crystals1. Little is known, however, about method- and code-specific uncertainties that arise under numerical settings that are commonly used in practice. We shed light on this issue by investigating the deviations in total and relative energies as a function of computational parameters. Using typical settings for basis sets and k-grids, we compare results for 71 elemental1 and 63 binary solids obtained by three different electronic-structure codes that employ fundamentally different strategies. On the basis of the observed trends, we propose a simple, analytical model for the estimation of the errors associated with the basis-set incompleteness. We cross-validate this model using ternary systems obtained from the Novel Materials Discovery (NOMAD) Repository and discuss how our approach enables the comparison of the heterogeneous data present in computational materials databases.
A global record of annual terrestrial Human Footprint dataset from 2000 to 2018
Authors: Mu Haowei , Li Xuecao , Wen Yanan , Huang Jianxi , Du Peijun , Su Wei , Miao Shuangxi , Geng Mengqing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHuman Footprint, the pressure imposed on the eco-environment by changing ecological processes and natural landscapes, is raising worldwide concerns on biodiversity and ecological conservation. Due to the lack of spatiotemporally consistent datasets of Human Footprint over a long temporal span, many relevant studies on this topic have been limited. Here, we mapped the annual dynamics of the global Human Footprint from 2000 to 2018 using eight variables that reflect different aspects of human pressures. The accuracy assessment revealed a good agreement between our mapped results and the previously developed datasets in different years. We found more than two million km2 of wilderness (i.e., regions with Human Footprint values below one) were lost over the past two decades. The biome dominated by mangroves experienced the most significant loss (i.e., above 5%) of wilderness, likely attributed to intensified human activities in coastal areas. The derived annual and spatiotemporally consistent global Human Footprint can be a fundamental dataset for many relevant studies about human activities and natural resources.
Cellular and molecular signatures of in vivo imaging measures of GABAergic neurotransmission in the human brain
Authors: Lukow Paulina Barbara , Martins Daniel , Veronese Mattia , Vernon Anthony Christopher , McGuire Philip , Turkheimer Federico Edoardo , Modinos Gemma 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDiverse GABAergic interneuron networks orchestrate information processing in the brain. Understanding the principles underlying the organisation of this system in the human brain, and whether these principles are reflected by available non-invasive in vivo neuroimaging methods, is crucial for the study of GABAergic neurotransmission. Here, we use human gene expression data and state-of-the-art imaging transcriptomics to uncover co-expression patterns between genes encoding GABAA receptor subunits and inhibitory interneuron subtype-specific markers, and their association with binding patterns of the gold-standard GABA PET radiotracers [11C]Ro15-4513 and [11C]flumazenil. We found that the inhibitory interneuron marker somatostatin covaries with GABAA receptor-subunit genes GABRA5 and GABRA2, and that their distribution followed [11C]Ro15-4513 binding. In contrast, the inhibitory interneuron marker parvalbumin covaried with GABAA receptor-subunit genes GABRA1, GABRB2 and GABRG2, and their distribution tracked [11C]flumazenil binding. Our findings indicate that existing PET radiotracers may provide complementary information about key components of the GABAergic system.
The protective effect of biomineralized BSA-Mn3O4 nanoparticles on HUVECs investigated by atomic force microscopy
Authors: Guo Xinyue , Zhou Weiqi , Guan Yanxue , Qin Juan , Zhang Bailin , Zhang Miaomiao , Tang Jilin 
Published: April 2022

BSA-Mn3O4 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by one-step biomineralization method, the mechanism of antioxidant activity of BSA-Mn3O4 nanoparticles in HUVECs was investigated from the perspective of biomechanics.
Construction of immune-related LncRNAs classifier to predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in thymic epithelial tumors
Authors: Su Yongchao , Ou Yangpeng , Chen Yongbing , Ma Ximiao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to construct an immune-related long noncoding RNAs (IRLs) classifier to precisely predict the prognosis and immunotherapy response of patients with thymic epithelial tumors (TET). Based on univariable Cox regression analysis and Lasso regression, six prognosis-related IRLs (AC004466.3, AC138207.2, AC148477.2, AL450270.1, HOXB-AS1 and SNHG8) were selected to build an IRL classifier. Importantly, results of qRT-PCR validated that higher expression levels of AC138207.2, AC148477.2, AL450270.1 and SNHG8 as well as lower expression levels of AC004466.3, and HOXB-AS1 in TETs samples compared with normal controls. The IRL classifier could effectively classify patients into the low-risk and high-risk groups based on the different survival parameters. In terms of predictive ability and clinical utility, the IRL classifier was superior to Masaoka staging system. Additionally, IRL classifier is significantly associated with immune cells infiltration (dendritic cells, activated CD4 memory T cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL), T cell subsets in particular), immune microenvironment (immune score and immune checkpoint inhibitors) and immunogenicity (TMB) in TETs, which hints that IRL classifier is tightly correlated with immune characteristics and might guide more effective immunotherapy strategies for TETs patients. Encouragingly, according to TIDE algorithm, there were more immunotherapy responders in the low-risk IRL subgroup and the IRL score was robustly negatively linked to the immunotherapeutic response. To sum up, the IRL classifier was established, which can be used to predict the prognosis, immune infiltration status, immunotherapy response in TETs patients, and may facilitate personalized counseling for immunotherapy.
CoRad-19 – Modular Digital Teaching during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
Authors: Brendlin Andreas Stefan , Molwitz Isabel , Oechtering Thekla Helene , Barkhausen Jörg , Frydrychowicz Alex , Sulkowski Tanja , Balks Maren Friederike , Buchholz Michael , Lohwasser Stefan , Völker Martin , Goldschmidt Olaf , Johenning Anja , Schlender Sabine , Paulus Christian , Antoch Gerald , Dettmer Sabine , Baeßler Bettina , Maintz David , Pinto dos Santos Daniel , Vogl Thomas J. , Hattingen Elke , Stoevesandt Dietrich , Reinartz Sebastian , Storz Corinna , Müller-Peltzer Katharina , Bamberg Fabian , Rengier Fabian , Weis Meike , Frisch Anne , Hansen Nienke Lynn , Kolb Manuel , Maurer Michael , Nikolaou Konstantin , Afat Saif , Othman Ahmed E. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, higher education worldwide had to switch to digital formats. The purpose of this study was to evaluate CoRad-19, a digital teaching tool created by the German Radiological Society for medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods A total of 13 German-speaking universities implemented CoRad-19 in their curriculum and partially or completely replaced their classes with the online courses. Previous experience and contact with radiology and the participantsʼ opinions regarding the medium of e-learning were surveyed using a custom questionnaire. The subjective level of knowledge regarding the individual modules was also surveyed before and after participation to measure learning effects. The data of 994 medical students from the participating sites were analyzed and compared intraindividually using the Friedman test.
Results From 4/1/2020–10/1/2020, 451 complete data sets from a total of 994 surveys were included. E-learning was rated “very useful” both before and after course participation (4 [IQR 3–4], p = 0.527, r = 0.16). E-learning as a method was also rated as a “very good” medium both before and after participation (4 [IQR 3–4], p = 0.414, r = 0.17). After participation, participants rated radiology as particularly suitable for digital teaching (before: 3 [IQR 3–4] vs. after 4 [IQR 3–4], p = 0.005, r = 0.6). Significant learning gains were measurable in all course modules (p ≤ 0.009). Post-hoc analysis showed interest in radiology to increase significantly after course participation (p = 0.02).
Conclusion In the representative survey, significant learning effects were observed in all course modules. In addition, it should be particularly emphasized that the studentsʼ interest in radiology was increased by course participation. Thus, the German Radiological Society provided significant support to German-speaking medical faculties with respect to maintaining excellent education using CoRad-19.
Key Point:

Citation Format
Does Antenatal Progesterone Administration Modify the Risk of Neonatal Intraventricular Hemorrhage?
Authors: Leon-Martinez Daisy , Bank Tracy C. , Lundsberg Lisbet S. , Culhane Jennifer , Silasi Michelle , Son Moeun , Partridge Caitlin , Reddy Uma M. , Hoffman Matthew K. , Merriam Audrey A. 
Published: April 2022

Objective Progesterone administration has been associated with improved neurological outcomes following traumatic brain injury in adults. However, studies examining the effect of progesterone on the risk of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) are inconsistent. We sought to determine if maternal administration of intramuscular 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-OHPC) is associated with decreased rates of IVH in infants born before 32-weeks gestation.
Study Design This is a retrospective study of liveborn singleton deliveries between 20- and 32-weeks gestation at two large academic medical centers from January 1, 2012 to August 30, 2020. Data were extracted from hospital electronic medical record data warehouses using standardized definitions and billing and diagnosis codes. We evaluated receipt of 17-OHPC in the antepartum period and diagnosis of IVH (grade I-IV, per Volpe classification) during the neonatal delivery hospitalization encounter. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to examine the association between 17-OHPC and neonatal IVH adjusting for potential confounders. Odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were presented.
Results Among 749 neonates born between 20- and 32-week gestation, 140 (18.7%) of their mothers had received antenatal 17-OHPC and 148 (19.8%) were diagnosed with IVH after birth. No significant association was observed between maternal 17-OHPC and neonatal IVH in unadjusted (OR 1.14, 95% CI 0.72–1.78) or adjusted analyses (adjusted odds ratio 1.14, 95% CI 0.71–1.84). Independent of exposure to 17-OHPC, as expected, infants born <28-weeks gestation or those with very low birthweight (<1,500 g) were at an increased risk of IVH (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.55–3.48 and OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.09–4.38, respectively).
Conclusion Antenatal maternal 17-OHPC administration was not associated with the risk of neonatal IVH. Further research may be warranted to determine whether timing, route of delivery, and duration of progesterone therapy impact rates of neonatal IVH.
Key Points
A Strategy for the Synthesis of Bicyclic Fused Cyclopentenones from MBH-Carbonates of Propiolaldehydes
Authors: Reddy Chada Raji , Mohammed Siddique Z , Kumaraswamy Paridala , Kajare Roshan Chandrakant , Patil Amol D. , Ganga V. S. Rao , Ramaraju Andhavaram , Sridhar Balasubramanian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn effective synthetic approach has been demonstrated for the construction of diverse bicyclic fused cyclopentenones from Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) carbonates of propiolaldehydes. The present transformation was initiated through the propargylation of an alkenylamine with an MBH carbonate followed by the Pauson–Khand reaction of the product methyl 3-(alkenylamino)-2-methylenealk-4-ynoate. This facile method provides diverse scaffolds of cyclopentenone fused with aza-cycles having additional functionality in good yields.
Total Synthesis of Chatenaytrienins-1, -3 and -4 and Muridienins-1–4 Enabled by C(sp)–C(sp3) Sonogashira Coupling
Authors: Fernandes Rodney A. , Chandra Naveen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractConcise and efficient protecting-group-free total syntheses of chatenaytrienins-1, -3, -4 and muridienins-1–4 have been achieved. The key steps involve ring-closing metathesis (RCM) and C(sp)–C(sp3)-Sonogashira coupling. This work reports the first total syntheses of chatenaytrienin-3 and muridienins-1–4 in seven linear steps and high overall yields.