bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term hydroclimatic variability over the semi-arid highlands of Ethiopia in relation to ENSO and IOD teleconnection signals
Authors: Shiferaw Henok , Girma Atkilt , Hadush Kibrom , G.Mariam Haileselassie , Zenebe Amanuel , Yazew Eyasu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Studies on global effects of ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) and IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole) to local patterns of rainfall and streamflow (hydroclimatic) variability is limited. The focus of this study is to understand the influence of large-scale indices of ENSO and IOD on hydroclimatic variability of the upper Tekeze basin Giba catchment (GC) where located in the northern highlands of Ethiopia. Modified Mann–Kendall and Pettit tests were used to generally understand the overall trends and expected abrupt changes of rainfall and streamflow in the GC hydroclimate. We also used correlation and multiple regression analysis to oversee the linkages, performance and strengths of SSTs (sea surface temperature) to the local hydroclimate variabilities. Our results show the abrupt changes strongly linked with the El Niño years. We also found ENSO and IOD plays a crucial role in modulating the local hydroclimate variability of GC, and that ENSO plays a more important role than IOD. The main rainfall season JAS (July-August-September) in GC is positively correlated with March to May SST in the western Pacific Ocean, eastern Atlantic Ocean, Northern Atlantic and southwestern Indian Oceans. And, the JAS rainfall is negatively associated with March to May SST in Southeast Indian Ocean which results a decrement in JAS rainfall. The long-term streamflow variations across the study period strongly correlated with rainfall variability in all the stations. This highlights a signature to takeover different decisions at local level of the upper Tekeze basin GC for a better water resources development and management.
Black tea and its theaflavin derivatives firmly inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity, possible implications in cholinergic neurodegenerative or muscular disorder.
Authors: Samanta Tanmoy , Chandran Krishna S , Medda Nandita , Banerjee Amrita , Mitra Adinpunya , De Subrata Kr. , maiti smarajit 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Over-expression of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a key enzyme-regulator of neurotransmitter acetylcholine leads to neurodegenerative-disorder, Alzheimer’s-disease/muscular-dysfunction.
Aims
Therefore, inhibition of AChE may restrict these diseases.
Objectives
Presently, black-tea was tested in-vitro/in-vivo on AChE activities.
Methods
Inhibitory-effects on purified-AChE was screened from ten pure tea-phytochemicals viz. epicatechin(EC), epigallocatechin(EGC), catechin-gallate(CG), epicatechin-gallate(ECG), Epigallocatechin-gallate(EGCG), gallocatechin-gallate(GCG), theaflavin(TF), theaflavin-monogallate(TFMG), theaflavin-digallate(TFDG), and gallic-acid.
Results
Among those, TFDG and TFMG showed promising dose-dependent (mixed-type manner.) inhibition of AChE (IC50 = 1.6µM and 3.3µM, respectively). The TF showed moderate inhibitory-effect (IC50 = 29µM). Tea galloyl-ester catechins, ECG/CG/EGCG/GCG inhibited AChE (IC50 = 41, 49, 67and 54 µM, respectively). In-vivo, arsenic-intoxicated (0.6 ppm/4-weeks) rat increase of cerebellum AChE was completely restored by black-tea-extract (TF-rich). Molecular-docking by AutoDock-PatchDock server (binding/stability/kinetic) of AchE (PDBid:4M0E) and the experimental-flavonoids (PubChem-3Dstructures) suggest, TFDG (lowest Atomic-Contact-Energy − 369.87, TFMG, -347.06 kcal/mol) hampers the enzyme catalytic-hydrolytic-action and nucleophilic-attack by SER203 supporting the in-vitro results. Conclusively, the finding is therapeutically beneficial for cholinergic neurodegenerative/muscular disorders.
Endothelial glycocalyx degradation is associated with acute lung injury and prognosis in septic patients
Authors: Zhou Gaosheng , Liu Jingjing , Zhang Hongmin , Wang Xiaoting , Liu Dawei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the extent of glycocalyx disruption and sepsis-induced acute lung injury.Methods: In total, 68 patients admitted to the department of critical care medicine of the hospital were enrolled between September 2020 to September 2021. The levels of serum syndecan1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical parameters and standard laboratory test data were also recorded. Results: Serum syndecan1 levels within 24 h after ICU admission were significantly increased in the sepsis-induced acute lung injury(SALI) group compared with the sepsis non-acute lung injury(NSALI) group (97.12 ± 19.46 vs. 73.50 ± 16.52 ng/mL, p < 0.0001). Serum syndecan1 was moderately negatively correlated with oxygenation index (rs = - 0.593, p < 0.001) in all the patients. Moreover, multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that syndecan1 was also independently associated with ALI risk( OR 0.896 (95% CI 0.836-0.961, p = 0.002). For the SALI diagnosis, the results indicated that syndecan1 (AUC 0.825 ± 0.053, p < 0.0001) was more valuable than other indicators. The AUC for syndecan1 level associated with 28 day mortality was 0.896 (95% CI, 0.817-0.974, p < 0.0001). Patients in the high-level syndecan1 group ( > 90.15 ng/mL) had significantly increased 28 day mortality compared with those in the low-level group ( < 90.15 ng/mL)[log-rank (Mantel-Cox), 14.82, p = 0.0001].Conclusions: serum syndecan1 within 24 h after ICU admission may be a useful biomarker to predict the incidence of SALI, additionally, elevated serum syndecan1 levels may be an important risk factor for mortality in septic patients.
Modified Hybrid Nano Fluid Impact on a MHD Peristaltic wavy Diverging Tube along with connective conditions
Authors: Iftikhar Naheeda , Sadaf Hina 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study focuses our attention towards the peristaltic flow of Zinc, Titanium and Copper modified hybrid nanoparticles, water is occupied as a carrier fluid in a cylindrical diverging tube. The projected model presents the study of MHD, wall properties, slip impact and convective boundary conditions on the flow pattern. The governing partial differential equations and the boundary conditions for computation are evolved by using appropriate transformations. The exact solution for the consequential system of nonlinear differential equations is possible to accomplish using the Cauchy Euler’s method. The graphical depiction of velocity and temperature profile using emerging parameters are simulated and examined. The addition of magnetic field in the subjected study shows its distinction in the water flow. Another domain is the addition of heat emission/absorption term in the energy equation to maintain the homogeneous temperature for the water flow. Streamlines pattern is also discussed for modified nano, hybrid nano and nanofluid. We expect the use of these metal nanoparticles in the peristaltic study would be helpful and provide efficient output for drug delivery purposes.
Thermodynamics and Economic Analysis of a Two-Stage Desiccant Cooling (TSDC) System Based on Biomass Heating for a Greenhouse Application
Authors: Mandal Chandan , Ganguly Aritra 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a novel scheme of biomass regenerated two-stage desiccant-supported greenhouse cooling in the tropical and sub-tropical countries. The system's goal is to provide the ideal thermal environment inside a greenhouse for the growth of different kinds of Orchid. The two-stage desiccant-based cooling is used in the proposed system to obtain a low humidity ratio inside the greenhouse. The desiccant is regenerated using a biomass-based heating system. The first law analysis and the exergy analysis of the system's individual components have been included in the study. The results of the thermal model (greenhouse temperature) have been compared with that of a reference model study available in the literature. With a mean absolute error for the humidity ratio and greenhouse air temperature of 4.3 percent and 4.5 percent, respectively. The model's predictions are in good agreement with the results of the reference model. The performance study of the proposed system reveals that the maximum temperature of the greenhouse air can be limited within the defined values even during July and September, when both the ambient humidity and the temperature are high. The proposed system COPth varies from a minimum of 0.54 to a maximum of 1.02 for a typical hot and humid day of July. The system can exhibit maximum exergy efficiency of 33% in the morning, while the ultimate exergy destruction occurs at the DW1 (39.25%) and regeneration heater (21.69%). The payback period of the proposed system is 8.2 years considering 15 years’ life span.
Incubation pattern of endangered Chubut Steamerduck (Tachyeres leucocephalus) and environmental features: implications for conservation
Authors: Agüero María Laura , Lorenti Eliana , Minardi Graciela , Agu Ariel , Berrier Eloisa , D'Amico Verónica 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Information of incubation behavior and factors that shape it is important for species which incubation is monoparental and of conservation concern. We assessed incubation pattern of a noteworthy endangered southern South America marine duck species (Tachyeres leucocephalus) in Northern San Jorge Gulf as their core breeding area during 2015, 2016 and 2018. We described the laying and incubation period, characterized nest incubation strategy, and determined the influence of environmental features on its incubation strategy considering that weather conditions have an effect on incubation pattern. Our data showed an upward trend of length of recesses with a downward trend on nest attendance as ambient temperature increases. In this sense, no wonder that during the cooler breeding season of 2015, females of Chubut Steamerducks have spent more time on the nest; in contrast to the warmer spring of 2016 where females have had more and longest recesses, spending less time on the nest. This study is the only one available describing Chubut Steamerduck’s incubation rhythm, and presenting quantified measures of incubation pattern. Our research provides valuable baseline information and contributes to increase knowledge on previously unknown life history features of this flightless, endemic, and vulnerable waterfowl species on the core of its narrow distribution range. It would be important and essential that this information be included on the Interjurisdictional Marine Park management plan, assuring an effective implementation.
Governance Quality and Economic Growth in the Caribbean in Times of COVID-19
Authors: Onafowora Olugbenga A. , Owoye Oluwole 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study uses panel-random effects model to investigate the possible impact of COVID-19 pandemic crisis and six governance indicators on economic growth in the Caribbean. The results reveal the existence of a significant negative relationship between all the indicators of governance and pandemic crisis. In addition, we find that several governance indicators, investment, and human capital act as a strong contributor for increasing output growth in the Caribbean economy, while the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, inflation, and trade openness are found to be negative. Among the components of governance, voice and accountability, rule of law, political stability and absence of violence, and government effectiveness foster economic growth. Conversely, control of corruption and regulatory quality exert significant negative impact on growth. In general, these results are in conformity with the existing empirical evidence on the relationship between governance and growth. The findings suggest the need for long-term strategies that not only will enhance the quality of governance in these countries, improve the response preparedness of the governments for near future epidemic episodes, accepting the rise of a future pandemic as an inevitability, but also lead to a stable long-term sustainable economic growth. Further, this research may be particularly important for both researchers and policymakers and offers opportunities for future studies on the subject.JEL: F63, O10, C33, C01
WITHDRAWN: The Double Glycoprotein Rabies Virus Strain Shows Increased Propagation Rate and Boosted Immunogenicity.
Authors: Alamdary Ashkan , Gholami Alireza , Azizi Mohammad , Noormohammadi Zahra 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Rabies is a neurotropic virus that causes about 59000 deaths worldwide annually. The most effective means to control and prevent rabies is prevention through proper pre- and post-exposure vaccination. Glycoprotein (G) is one of five structural proteins of the rabies virus and has a pivotal role in host immunity against the virus. This research has evaluated the results of incorporating an additional copy of the glycoprotein gene in the rabies virus genome on the immunogenicity and propagation rate of the recombinant virus.
Methods
. A PCR amplified copy of the G gene was previously inserted into the genome of the rabies virus PV strain. The recombinant virus glycoprotein expression was compared with the PV strain. The propagation rate of the recombinant virus in cell culture and its immunogenicity in BALB/c mice were assessed. The rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) was used to analyze the virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNAs) in the mice sera.
Results
The addition of an extra G gene between the G and L genes was verified in the rescued recombinant virus. The virus strain carrying two G (dG) showed significantly higher virus titers and glycoprotein expression levels in cell culture and also induced higher titers of VNAs when applied in mice as an experimental vaccine.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that duplication of the G gene in the PV virus genome between G, and L genes leads to increased G expression level, higher virus propagation rates and improved VNA induction. The recombinant dG strain might be characterized for application in rabies vaccine production, and it can also be used to study different cellular pathways related to the rabies virus cycle.
WITHDRAWN: Application of Unity3D in Debris Slope of Rockfall Movement Characteristics Based on Terrain Simulation
Authors: Ye Tangjin , Cao Jingxuan , Wang Ying , Li Junjie , Liu Ruyuan , Zhang Yu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Rockfalls on debris slopes are a major hazard for Canyon roads on the Tibetan Plateau. For risk assessment and engineering treatment, it is crucial to fully understand the movement characteristics and process of rockfalls. In this research, the UAV and three-dimensional (3D) laser scanner are employed to obtain images and data, Pix4D is employed to build the collected data into a high-precision 3D model. Unity3D is used to study the movement characteristics and deposit position of rockfalls, the movement characteristic indexes are computed and examined, for blocks with various shapes, sizes, and instability types on the debris slope and blocks with different slope materials and inclination, such as velocity, acceleration, displacement, energy loss, and deposit position, the movement mechanism of debris slope that differs from the common slope is obtained. The effectiveness of the Unity3D simulation approach was confirmed by field experiments. On this basis, Unity3D was used to establish a high-precision 3D simulation model for the debris slope of the G318 road on the Tibetan Plateau and to compute the movement characteristics, energy variation, and deposited position of rockfall. Then, the findings are compared with those of common models. This shows that the results of the high precision 3D simulation model computed by Unity3D are more accurate and reasonable than the common model, and the movement characteristics, energy variation, and deposited position of rockfall on debris slopes are characterized by specificity. Thus, the phenomenon and behavior of rockfall on debris slopes can be completely realized using Unity3D simulation analysis, to propose more reasonable engineering protection countermeasures.
Altering body-representation through non-naturalistic sounds: study protocol for an experimental study in a subclinical eating disorders sample
Authors: Navas-León Sergio , Márquez Luis Morales , Sánchez-Martín Milagrosa , Crucianelli Laura , Bianchi-Berthouze Nadia , Borda-Mas Mercedes , Tajadura-Jiménez Ana 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Experimental research based on bodily illusions suggests that people with eating disorders (EDs) might have impairments in visual, interoceptive, proprioceptive, and tactile perception, potentially underpinning altered multisensory integration processes. Along this line, research indicates that people with EDs show abnormalities in integrating multisensory visuo-tactile signals, which might contribute to the development of body image disturbances in EDs. More recently, an altered integration of auditory signals related to body weight has been also shown for people with EDs. However, it remains unclear whether these impairments extend to any auditory signals, even if not related to body weight. To fill the gap, the present study will investigate whether participants with ED symptomatology and control participants differ in two auditory feedback tasks which will involve integration of auditory and proprioceptive cues using artificial non-naturalistic sounds. We will test two different body parts (i.e., fingers and waist) which have different levels of emotional saliency for people with EDs.
Methods
Recruitment will be through convenience sampling. The EDE-Q questionnaire will be administered as a screening tool to split the sample into participants with and without ED symptomatology. The strength of both illusions will be measured implicitly with estimations of body part position and size, and explicitly with self-report questionnaires. As a secondary aim, regression analysis will be carried out to test the predictive role of susceptibility for both illusions on ED symptomatology, interoceptive body awareness and sensory-processing sensitivity.
Discussion
Our study might contribute to our understanding of the aetiology of body image disturbances. The results may lay the ground for novel clinical interventions which aim to improve symptoms at the early stages of the illness.
Genetic diversity of Formosan pangolins (Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla) in Taiwan based on the MHC gene
Authors: Liu Jin-Ting , Lai Fang-Yu , Wu Hsuan , Lo Flora Hsuan-Yi , Lin En-Chung , Taso Eric Hsien-Shao , Wang Pei-Hwa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Formosan pangolin (Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla) is an endangered species in Taiwan. Usually, a decline in population size leads to a decrease in genetic diversity and increases the risk of extinction. Thus, measuring genetic diversity of Formosan pangolins in Taiwan is important in conservation programs. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes play a crucial role in the immune response in many animals. Therefore, polymorphisms at these gene regions could provide an indicator for the immunological fitness of a population. In this study, seven different novel markers for MHC genotyping of Formosan pangolin were developed. In total, 92 Formosan pangolins from throughout Taiwan were collected and used to evaluate their genetic diversity. In the MHC markers, six loci showed monomorphism or only two haplotypes. Only one marker, a DLA class II DR-1 beta chain-like locus, showed more diversity: four haplotypes were detected and their relative frequencies were 62.0, 37.0, 0.5 and 0.5%, with nine polymorphic sites in the nucleotide sequence and six variable sites in the amino acid sequence. Moreover, the non-synonymous substitution rate (dN) and synonymous substitution rate (dS) were 0.026 and 0.017, and showed that this locus appears to be under positive selection (dN /dS >1). In the DLA class II DR-1 beta chain-like locus, the observed heterozygosity (HO) and expected heterozygosity (HE) were 0.413 and 0.482, respectively. FIS was 0.144, indicating that the population might have an inbreeding tendency (FIS > 0). Haplotype diversity (h) was 0.482 and nucleotide diversity (π) was 0.010. Overall, the present results indicate that the genetic diversity of MHC genes among Formosan pangolins in our sample population may be insufficient.
Omics Imagification: Transforming High-throughput Molecular Representation of a Cell into an Image
Authors: Liu Derong , Zandavi Seid Miad , Chung Vera , Anaissi Ali , Vafaee Fatemeh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Different omics profiles, depending on the underlying technology, encompass measurements of several hundred to several thousands of molecules in a biological sample or a cell. This study develops upon the concept of "omics imagification" as a process of transforming a vector representing these numerical measurements into an image with a one-to-one relationship with the corresponding sample. The proposed imagification process transforms a high-dimensional vector of molecular measurements into a two-dimensional RGB image to enable holistic molecular representation of a biological sample and to improve the classification of different biological phenotypes using automated image recognition methods in computer vision. A transformed image represents 2D-coordinates of molecules in a neighbour embedded space representing molecular abundance and gene intensity. The proposed method was applied to single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data to "imagify" gene expression profiles of individual cells. Our results show that a simple convolutional neural network trained on these single-cell transcriptomics images accurately classifies diverse cell types outperforming the best-performing scRNA-seq classifiers such as Support Vector Machine and Random Forrest.
Inflammasome activity is controlled by ZBTB16-dependent SUMOylation of ASC
Authors: Dong Danfeng , Du Yuzhang , Li Xiaofang , Yang Xiaobao , Huang Shu , Ma Zhihui , Zheng Juanjuan , Chan David , Shi Liyun , Irving Aaron , Yuan Xiangliang , Liu Xiangfan , Ni Peihua , Hu Yiqun , Meng Guangxun , Peng Yibing , Sadler Anthony , Xu Dakang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Inflammasome activity is important for our immune response and is instrumental in numerous clinical conditions. Here we identify a novel control mechanism that modulates the central Caspase-1 and NLR (Nod-like receptor) adaptor protein ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD). We show that activation and subsequent oligomerization of ASC is controlled by SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) modification and identify that the nuclear ZBTB16 (Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 16) regulates this SUMOylation. Accordingly, ablating ZBTB16 reduces ASC SUMOylation and ensuing inflammasome activity. This mechanism is pivotal as we demonstrate that ablating ZBTB16 relieves acute inflammatory pathogenesis in a murine model of Muckle-Wells syndrome caused by a hyperactive inflammasome. Our findings advance our understanding of inflammasome activity and, by recognizing processes that control the central adaptor molecule, identify new and more comprehensive therapeutic strategies to target pathogenic inflammasome activity.