bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On discrete $$L_p$$ Brunn–Minkowski type inequalities
Authors: Hernández Cifre María A. , Lucas Eduardo , Yepes Nicolás Jesús 
Published: August 2022

Abstract$$L_p$$

L
p

Brunn–Minkowski type inequalities for the lattice point enumerator $$\mathrm {G}_n(\cdot )$$

G
n

(
·
)

are shown, $$p\ge 1$$

p
≥
1

, both in a geometrical and in a functional setting. In particular, we prove that $$\begin{aligned}\mathrm {G}_n\bigl ((1-\lambda )\cdot K +_p \lambda \cdot L + (-1,1)^n\bigr )^{p/n}\ge (1-\lambda )\mathrm {G}_n(K)^{p/n}+\lambda \mathrm {G}_n(L)^{p/n} \end{aligned}$$

G
n

(

(
1
-
λ
)

·
K

+
p

λ
·
L
+

(
-
1
,
1
)

n

)

p
/
n

≥

(
1
-
λ
)

G
n

(
K
)

p
/
n

+
λ

G
n

(
L
)

p
/
n

for any $$K, L\subset \mathbb {R}^n$$

K
,
L
⊂

R

n

bounded sets with integer points and all $$\lambda \in (0,1)$$

λ
∈
(
0
,
1
)

. We also show that these new discrete analogues (for $$\mathrm {G}_n(\cdot )$$

G
n

(
·
)

) imply the corresponding results concerning the Lebesgue measure.
New rhynchonellid and spire-bearing brachiopods from the Carboniferous of Mexico. Paleogeographical significance of the Oaxacan brachiopod fauna through the Serpukhovian–Moscovian
Authors: Torres-Martínez Miguel A. , Sour-Tovar Francisco 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis work describes a rhynchonellid and spire-bearing brachiopod fauna from the Ixtaltepec Formation of Oaxaca, Mexico.Leiorhynchoidea perrilliatae,Allorhynchus scientiana, andAnthracospirifer oaxacaensisare new species. The specific determination, along with information of previously described taxa, allowed the establishment of precise relative ages of the different fossiliferous intervals (API-1 to API-8) of the formation. The occurrence of Serpukhovian taxa in API-1 to API-3 allowed assignment of the strata to the Upper Mississippian. The presence of Bashkirian species allowed the assignment of the rocks of API-5 and API-6 to the Lower Pennsylvanian. Likewise, Middle Pennsylvanian brachiopods in API-7 and API-8 enabled correlation of the strata with the Moscovian stage. This study shows that the Ixtaltepec Formation is represented by a succession of well-delimited Serpukhovian, Bashkirian, and Moscovian rocks. Regarding paleogeography, the brachiopod fauna displays clear taxonomic variations that concur with global geological changes that occurred between the Serpukhovian to Moscovian. In the Serpukhovian intervals, we recorded numerous cosmopolitan taxa of tropical waters, coinciding with the migration pathway of the Rheic Ocean. For the Bashkirian, we observed a North American provincialism; however, because of the presence of Australian and South American species, it is proposed that the Austropanthalassic-Rheic corridor had a close connection with Oaxaca. The main provincialism was observed in the Moscovian association because most of those taxa have been reported from different localities in the United States. This study supports that the main resemblance between Oaxacan and North American faunas continued until the Pennsylvanian and not the Mississippian, as was previously proposed.UUID:http://zoobank.org/181e49cf-a08a-4e99-8200-65f4a90dafcd
The mnemonic consequences associated with sharing personal photographs on social media
Authors: Stone Charles B. , Zwolinski Ava 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSocial media provides an easy and ubiquitous means by which individuals can curate and share their personal experiences while also interacting with their friends, family, and the world at large. One means by which individuals can craft their personal past via social media is through their personal photographs. However, psychologists are only beginning to appreciate the mnemonic consequences associated with sharing personal photographs on social media. The aim of this manuscript is to distil the relevant, psychological research examining the mnemonic consequences associated with photography and sharing personal photographs on social media. To this end, we discuss how a psychological approach to memory has evolved from an individualist perspective to one that is beginning to appreciate the importance of a memory ecology. We then turn to photographs as an important component of one's memory ecology and how the act of photography and sharing photos on social media may have important consequences for how individuals remember their personal past. We then end with a discussion surrounding pertinent avenues for future research. We advocate that, moving forward, psychologists should better appreciate (1) the collective nature of social media, (2) an individual's memory ecology, and (3) the mnemonic consequences associated with social mediasilence. In addressing these issues, we believe that psychologists and memory researchers, more generally, will gain a fuller understanding of how, and in what way, personal photographs, and the act of sharing them via social media may shape the way individuals remember their personal past.
Beyond the “Add and Stir” Approach: Indigenizing Comprehensive Exam Reading Lists in Canadian Political Science
Authors: Wallace Rebecca Audrey 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHave universities heeded the call from the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada and taken concrete action to integrate and promote Indigenous scholarship in their classrooms? In the field of Canadian political science, this question is vital but underanalyzed. Indigenous knowledges, histories, languages, customs, legal traditions, systems of governance and research methodologies are integral to Canadian politics, but calls for indigenization have often not been met. By analyzing comprehensive exam reading lists for Canadian politics doctoral students in programs across the country, this article argues that a fractured approach to indigenization begins early on in the training of faculty. Indigenous content remains largely underrepresented on exam lists and siloed into Indigenous- or diversity-focused sections of the political science literature. Most Indigenous politics readings engage centrally with sovereignty and the Constitution, with very few exploring the political dimensions of residential schools, gendered violence and other contemporary political issues.
Aerobic ammonia removal with heterotrophic nitrification and denitrification of Alcaligenes faecalis strain No.4 to mitigate nitrogenous pollution caused by piggery wastewater: a feasibility study
Authors: Takahashi Junichi , Shoda Makoto , Li Jianhua , Li Ning 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe ammonia removal ability of heterotrophic bacteria Alcaligenes faecalis strain No.4 isolated from sewage sludge was examined in a batch operation to mitigate ammonia from piggery wastewater, consequently preventing pollution by the inflow of wastewater from piggeries adjacent to rivers. If this process works functionally, it can be effective in controlling nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrate (NO3−) emissions derived from animal agriculture, the heterotrophic nitrifying and the aerobic denitrifying effect of A. faecalis strain No.4 on high-strength ammonium (NH4+-N) were evaluated in wastewater collected from a piggery. The removal rate by A. faecalis strain No.4 on high-strength ammonium (NH4+-N) was 0.97 kg N/m3/day which was more than 100 fold greater than that achieved using conventional aerobic nitrification and anaerobic denitrification processes. An aerobic one-step denitrification system using A. faecalis strain No.4 can be proposed to remove ammonia and phytopathogens from piggery wastewater with high efficiency and prevent water pollution in adjacent rivers.
Guests of the Guerrilla: Integrated Spectacle and Disintegrating Peace, an Ethnographic Analysis of the FARC's Tenth (and Final?) Guerrilla Conference
Authors: Fattal Alexander L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDuring a week in September of 2016, the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, FARC) held its tenth guerrilla conference, the Décima, in the plains of Yarí in southern Colombia. The guerrilla group blew the event open to the media, orchestrating a festival cum eco-conflict-tourism extravaganza to mark its transition to legal politics. This photo/ethnographic analysis of the Décima illuminates the FARC's symbolic and discursive formation at a pivotal transitional moment and how the group imagined its political possibilities at the cusp of its demobilisation. By engaging with Guy Debord's concept of ‘integrated spectacle’, I argue that the FARC's vanguardist structure led it to brand itself as the leader of a broad political mobilisation, even as it struggled to retain the allegiance of its former combatants. The article considers the ongoing relevance of the integrated spectacle for scholars and activists and opens a path for further research into politics of spectacle in Latin America.
Control of parasitic diseases in aquaculture
Authors: Buchmann Kurt 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFinfish aquaculture in freshwater and marine environments is continuously expanding globally, and the potential for a substantial further increase is well documented. The industry is supplying fish products for human consumption to the same extent as capture fisheries, and new fish species for domestication are still being selected by the industry. The challenge faced by all aquacultured species, classical and novel, is the range of pathogens associated with each new fish type. A fish host in its natural environment carries a series of more or less specific parasites (specialists and generalists). Some of these show a marked ability to propagate in aquaculture settings. They may then elicit disease when infection intensities in the confined aquaculture environment reach high levels. In addition, the risk of transmission of parasites from aquaculture enterprises to wild fish stocks adds to the parasitic challenge. Control programmes of various kinds are needed and these may include chemotherapeutants and medicines as the farmer's first and convenient choice, but mechanical, biological, immunological and genetic control methods are available solutions. New methods are still to be developed by scrutinizing the life cycle of each particular parasite species and pin-pointing the vulnerable stage to be targeted. As parasites exhibit a huge potential for adaptation to environmental changes, one must realize that only one approach rarely is sufficient. The present work therefore elaborates on and advocates for implementation of integrated control strategies for diseases caused by protozoan and metazoan parasites.
Managing Hospital Capacity: Achievements and Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: de Koning Enrico R. , Boogers Mark J. , Beeres Saskia LMA , Kramer Iwona D. , Dannenberg Wouter J. , Schalij Martin J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroduction:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic challenged health care systems in an unprecedented way. Due to the enormous amount of hospital ward and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, regular care came to a standstill, thereby overcrowding ICUs and endangering (regular and COVID-19-related) critical care. Acute care coordination centers were set up to safely manage the influx of COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, treatments requiring ICU surveillance were postponed leading to increased waiting lists.Hypothesis:A coordination center organizing patient transfers and admissions could reduce overcrowding and optimize in-hospital capacity.Methods:The acute lack of hospital capacity urged the region West-Netherlands to form a new regional system for patient triage and transfer: the Regional Capacity and Patient Transfer Service (RCPS). By combining hospital capacity data and a new method of triage and transfer, the RCPS was able to effectively select patients for transfer to other hospitals within the region or, in close collaboration with the National Capacity and Patient Transfer Service (LCPS), transfer patients to hospitals in other regions within the Netherlands.Results:From March 2020 through December 2021 (22 months), the RCPS West-Netherlands was requested to transfer 2,434 COVID-19 patients. After adequate triage, 1,720 patients with a mean age of 62 (SD = 13) years were transferred with the help of the RCPS West-Netherlands. This concerned 1,166 ward patients (68%) and 554 ICU patients (32%). Overcrowded hospitals were relieved by transferring these patients to hospitals with higher capacity.Conclusion:The health care system in the region West-Netherlands benefitted from the RCPS for both ward and ICU occupation. Due to the coordination by the RCPS, regional ICU occupation never exceeded the maximal ICU capacity, and therefore patients in need for acute direct care could always be admitted at the ICU. The presented method can be useful in reducing the waiting lists caused by the delayed care and for coordination and transfer of patients with new variants or other infectious diseases in the future.
Fewer Basins Will Follow Their Budyko Curves Under Global Warming and Fossil‐Fueled Development
Authors: Jaramillo Fernando , Piemontese Luigi , Berghuijs Wouter R. , Wang‐Erlandsson Lan , Greve Peter , Wang Zhenqian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Budyko framework consists of a curvilinear relationship between the evaporative ratio (i.e., actual evaporation over precipitation) and the aridity index (i.e., potential evaporation over precipitation) and defines evaporation's water and energy limits. A basin's movement within the Budyko space illustrates its hydroclimatic change and helps identify the main drivers of change. On the one hand, long‐term aridity changes drive evaporative ratio changes, moving basins along their Budyko curves. On the other hand, historical human development can cause river basins to deviate from their curves. The question is if basins will deviate or follow their Budyko curves under the future effects of global warming and related human developments. To answer this, we quantify the movement in the Budyko space of 405 river basins from 1901–1950 to 2051–2100 based on the outputs of seven models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project ‐ Phase 6 (CMIP6). We account for the implications of using different potential evaporation models and study low‐ and high‐emissions scenarios. We find considerable differences of movement in Budyko space regarding direction and intensity when using the two estimates of potential evaporation. However, regardless of the potential evaporation estimate and the scenario used, most river basins will not follow their reference Budyko curves (>72%). Furthermore, the number of basins not following their curves increases under high greenhouse gas emissions and fossil‐fueled development SP585 and across dry and wet basin groups. We elaborate on the possible explanations for a large number of basins not following their Budyko curves.
Extended Rift‐Associated Volcanism in Ganis Chasma, Venus Detected From Magellan Radar Emissivity
Authors: Brossier J. , Gilmore M. S. , Head J. W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExploration of Venus in the 1970–1990s revealed that the geology of Venus, the most Earth‐like of the terrestrial planets, was decidedly un‐Earth‐like, with no plate tectonics, and no record of the first 80% of its history. A major outstanding question is whether Venus is still volcanically active today. We find that regions of Ganis Chasma have low radar emissivity values, due to low volumes of high dielectric minerals formed by surface‐atmosphere weathering on the timescales of around 10 s Ma. This confirms the presence of geologically recent volcanism in association with this major tectonic rift zone. The spatial correspondence of this emissivity signature with transient thermal anomalies suggests that Venus has been volcanically active at this site for at least the last few decades, a prediction that can be tested with space missions to Venus in the coming decade.
A Natural Limit to the Spectral Hardness of Worst Case Electron Radiation in the Terrestrial Van Allen Belt
Authors: Olifer L. , Mann I. R. , Claudepierre S. G. , Baker D. N. , Spence H. E. , Ozeke L. G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe flux of relativistic electrons in the terrestrial Van Allen radiation belt can vary by orders of magnitude during a geomagnetic storm. The response is typically assumed to be controlled by an often delicate balance between acceleration and loss processes. Here we analyze all 133 magnetic storms from the NASA Van Allen Probes era. We show how the belts demonstrate a repeatable response which limits not only the worst case flux, but also controls and delivers a limit to the severity of the spectral hardness, consistent with the theory of Kennel and Petschek first developed over 50 years ago. When this theory is extended to relativistic energies, the observed electron flux is seen to reach a naturally limited worst case with a clear energy dependence. Here we show how the Kennel‐Petschek theory can explain the evolution and hardening of the electron spectrum during geomagnetic storms. It also introduces an energy‐dependent maximum flux limit. This limit is never reached during the Van Allen Probes era at energies above 2.6 MeV, meanwhile, it is reached within hours at lower energies (∼100 keV) in almost every storm. No current radiation belt models include this effect; without it, they cannot accurately predict the consequent radiation dynamics. Overall, our results demonstrate how this creates a remarkable absolute natural limit to both the spectral hardness and the severity of extreme electron space radiation.
Sediment Transport Modeling Based on Geological Data for Holocene Coastal Evolution: Wave Source Estimation of Sandy Layers on the Coast of Hidaka, Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Nakanishi Ryo , Ashi Juichiro 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSediment transport modeling (STM) is a potentially effective tool for estimating the magnitude of tsunamis and earthquakes without historical records. However, the application of STM to prehistorical tsunamis is challenging because of multiple uncertainties in topography and roughness. Along the coast of Hidaka, Hokkaido, Japan, there is potential to conduct STM even in the absence of historical records because comprehensive geological data for the coastal evolution during the Holocene are available here. The tsunami deposits in Hokkaido indicate the presence of events on a larger scale than historical tsunamis; in particular, the seventeenth‐century tsunami had multiple potential wave sources other than a Kuril Trench earthquake, inhibiting its magnitude estimation. In this study, we applied STM to paleotsunamis for the coast of Hidaka, where comprehensive geological data are available, although the wave source is unknown. The modeling parameters—paleotopography, roughness, grain size, initial sand source, sea level, and beach ridge height—were estimated using data obtained from geological surveys and sensitivity tests. The modeling of a tsunami induced by a Kuril Trench earthquake reproduced the sediment distributions and sedimentary structures of the observed sand layers better than that of extreme storms and volcanic tsunamis. Because the conventional fault model is reasonably suitable in the western area from the Kuril Trench, a much wider rupture zone is less likely. Parameters such as sand source area, roughness, ridge height, and paleo sea level are important for geologists and modelers when applying STM to paleotsunamis.
Quantitative electroencephalography parameters as neurophysiological biomarkers of schizophrenia-related deficits: A Phase II substudy of patients treated with iclepertin (BI 425809)
Authors: Schultheis Christian , Rosenbrock Holger , Mack Salome Rebecca , Vinisko Richard , Schuelert Niklas , Plano Andrea , Süssmuth Sigurd D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPatients with schizophrenia experience cognitive impairment related to neural network dysfunction and deficits in sensory processing. These deficits are thought to be caused by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor hypofunction and can be assessed in patient populations using electroencephalography (EEG). This substudy from a Phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study investigating the safety and efficacy of the novel glycine transporter-1 inhibitor, iclepertin (BI 425809), assessed the potential of EEG parameters as clinically relevant biomarkers of schizophrenia and response to iclepertin treatment. Eligible patients were randomized to once-daily add-on iclepertin (2, 5, 10, or 25 mg), or placebo (1:1:1:1:2 ratio) for 12 weeks. EEG data were recorded from a subgroup of patients (n = 79) at baseline and end of treatment (EoT). EEG parameters of interest were mismatch negativity (MMN), auditory steady-state response (ASSR), and resting state gamma power, and their correlations with clinical assessments. At baseline, MMN and ASSR exhibited consistent correlations with clinical assessments, indicating their potential value as neurophysiological biomarkers of schizophrenia-related deficits. ASSR measures were positively correlated to the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery overall and neurocognitive composite scores; MMN amplitude was positively correlated with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale scores. However, correlations between change from baseline (CfB) at EoT in clinical assessments, and baseline or CfB at EoT for EEG parameters were modest and inconsistent between dose groups, which might indicate low potential of these EEG parameters as predictive and treatment response biomarkers. Further methodological refinement is needed to establish EEG parameters as useful drug development tools for schizophrenia.
Identification of novel genes whose expression in adipose tissue affects body fat mass and distribution: an RNA-Seq and Mendelian Randomization study
Authors: Konigorski Stefan , Janke Jürgen , Patone Giannino , Bergmann Manuela M. , Lippert Christoph , Hübner Norbert , Kaaks Rudolf , Boeing Heiner , Pischon Tobias 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMany studies have shown that abdominal adiposity is more strongly related to health risks than peripheral adiposity. However, the underlying pathways are still poorly understood. In this cross-sectional study using data from RNA-sequencing experiments and whole-body MRI scans of 200 participants in the EPIC-Potsdam cohort, our aim was to identify novel genes whose gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue has an effect on body fat mass (BFM) and body fat distribution (BFD). The analysis identified 625 genes associated with adiposity, of which 531 encode a known protein and 487 are novel candidate genes for obesity. Enrichment analyses indicated that BFM-associated genes were characterized by their higher than expected involvement in cellular, regulatory and immune system processes, and BFD-associated genes by their involvement in cellular, metabolic, and regulatory processes. Mendelian Randomization analyses suggested that the gene expression of 69 genes was causally related to BFM and BFD. Six genes were replicated in UK Biobank. In this study, we identified novel genes for BFM and BFD that are BFM- and BFD-specific, involved in different molecular processes, and whose up-/downregulated gene expression may causally contribute to obesity.