bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Species Diversity of Anopheles Mosquitoes and Plasmodium vivax Infection Rates, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea During 2020
Authors: Lee So Youn , Kim Heung Chul , Klein Terry A , Ryu Jihun , Won Min Hyeok , Choi Jae Won , Kim Myung Soon , Chong Sung Tae , Lee Si Hyeock , Kim Young Ho , Kim Ju Hyeon , Choi Kwang Shik 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
There are currently &gt;300 malaria cases reported annually in the Republic of Korea (ROK), with most cases attributed to exposure in northern Gangwon and Gyeonggi provinces near the demilitarized zone (DMZ). The species diversity and malaria infection rate were determined for a sample of Anopheles mosquitoes collected from May to early November 2020 for six sites in a malaria high-risk area in/near the DMZ and two malaria low-risk areas in southern Gyeonggi province using Mosquito Magnet traps in the ROK. A total of 1864 Anopheles spp. were identified to species by PCR. Overall, An. kleini (31.4%, 510/1622) was the most frequently species assayed, followed by An. pullus (25.5%, 413/1622), An. sineroides (23.9%, 387/1622), and An. sinensis (10.2%, 165/1622), while the other four species only accunted for 9.1% (147/1622) collected in/near the DMZ. Only three species, An. pullus, An. sinensis, and An. sineroides were collected at Humphreys US Army Garrison (USAG) (235 individuals), while only An. sinensis was collected at Yongsan USAG (7 individuals). A total of 36 Anopheles specimens belonging to five species collected in/near the DMZ were positive for Plasmodium vivax by PCR. Anopheles kleini (9) was the most frequent species positive for P. vivax, followed by An. belenrae (8), An. pullus (8), An. sinensis (5), An. sineroides (5), and a member of the Anopheles Lindesayi Complex in the ROK (1). This is the first report of P. vivax in a member of the An. Lindesayi Complex in the ROK. These findings can assist in guiding future malaria vector management in the ROK.
Rice bodies in children with rheumatic disorders: A case series and systematic literature review
Authors: Sener Seher , Tanali Gizem , Ergen Fatma Bilge , Kasap Cuceoglu Muserref , Balik Zeynep , Bayindir Yagmur , Aliyev Emil , Basaran Ozge , Bilginer Yelda , Ozen Seza , Batu Ezgi Deniz 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Rice body (RB) formation is an uncommon inflammatory process seen in systemic disorders. In this study, we aimed to assess characteristic features of RBs in pediatric patients.

Method
We retrospectively evaluated pediatric patients who underwent joint/extremity magnetic resonance imaging. A systematic literature review was conducted for articles including children with RBs.

Results
We found 24 patients (median age 6.1 years; F/M = 2.4) with RBs [23 with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and one with arthralgia]. The most prevalent location for RBs was the knee joint (75%). RBs were most frequently seen as diffuse multiple millimetric structures. In three out of five patients with follow-up magnetic resonance imaging, resolution or regression of RBs was observed without surgical intervention. Our literature search identified 13 pediatric patients with RBs. Most (84.6%) had JIA, and the knee joint (71.4%) was the most commonly affected joint. Surgery was preferred in our 3 patients (12.5%) and 10 literature patients (83.3%) in the treatment.

Conclusion
Our results showed that RBs were most commonly detected in the knee joint, and most cases were secondary to JIA. Although surgery is used as a treatment option, we observed that RBs can occasionally disappear during follow-up without surgical intervention.
Chemicals Affecting Cyanobacterial Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Accumulation: 2-Phenylethanol Treatment Combined with Nitrogen Deprivation Synergistically Enhanced Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Storage in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 and Anabaena sp. TISTR8076
Authors: Sukkasam Nannaphat , Incharoensakdi Aran , Monshupanee Tanakarn 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Various photoautotrophic cyanobacteria increase the accumulation of bioplastic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) under nitrogen deprivation (–N) for energy storage. Several metabolic engineering enhanced cyanobacterial PHB accumulation, but these strategies are not applicable in non-gene-transformable strains. Alternatively, stimulating PHB levels by chemical exposure is desirable because it might be applied to various cyanobacterial strains. However, the study of such chemicals is still limited. Here, 19 compounds previously reported to affect bacterial cellular processes were evaluated for their effect on PHB accumulation in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, where 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, methyl viologen, arsenite, phenoxyethanol and 2-phenylethanol were found to increase PHB accumulation. When cultivated with optimal nitrate supply, Synechocystis contained less than 0.5% [w/w dry weight (DW)] PHB, while cultivation under –N conditions increased the PHB content to 7% (w/w DW). Interestingly, the –N cultivation combined with 2-phenylethanol exposure reduced the Synechocystis protein content by 27% (w/w DW) but significantly increased PHB levels up to 33% (w/w DW), the highest ever reported photoautotrophic cyanobacterial PHB accumulation in a wild-type strain. Results from transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis suggested that under 2-phenylethanol treatment, Synechocystis proteins were degraded to amino acids, which might be subsequently utilized as the source of carbon and energy for PHB biosynthesis. 2-Phenylethanol treatment also increased the levels of metabolites required for Synechocystis PHB synthesis (acetyl-CoA, acetoacetyl-CoA, 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA and NADPH). Additionally, under –N, the exposure to phenoxyethanol and 2-phenylethanol increased the PHB levels of Anabaena sp. from 0.4% to 4.1% and 6.6% (w/w DW), respectively. The chemicals identified in this study might be applicable for enhancing PHB accumulation in other cyanobacteria.
Characteristics of Patients Who Underwent a Diagnostic Test for Hereditary Angioedema Admitted Due to Angioedema
Authors: Şengül Emeksiz Zeynep , Demir İpek Kezban , Tehçi Ali Kansu , Gürsoy Gamze , Dibek Mısırlıoğlu Emine 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is clinically characterized by recurrent attacks of angioedema. This study evaluated the clinical findings and examination results of patients admitted due to angioedema who then underwent a diagnostic test for HAE. The study aimed to assess the contribution of laboratory findings to the diagnostic process and to determine clinicians’ level of awareness regarding the differential diagnosis of angioedema and the appropriate laboratory tests.

Methods
Pediatric patients suspected to have HAE based on the presence of angioedema and screened for C1 esterase inhibitor levels and/or function were included in the study.

Results
A total of 136 patients were evaluated for a preliminary diagnosis of HAE in the presence of angioedema. Angioedema was accompanied by urticaria in 65 patients (47.7%) and itching in 24 patients (17.6%). Patients were evaluated using laboratory tests, C4 levels were studied in 124 patients (91.1%) and were found to be within normal reference limits. C1 esterase inhibitor levels were studied in all patients and were found to be within normal limits. C1 esterase inhibitor function was also studied in 101 patients (74.2%) and was found to be within normal limits.

Discussion
It was concluded that clinicians keep HAE in mind when encountering angioedema, but that increasing their knowledge of clinical findings that assist in differential diagnosis among angioedema types would be useful. The study authors would like to emphasize that this topic should be included in the specialty training curriculum to raise the awareness of clinicians, especially pediatricians, about clinical HAE findings and the algorithmic approach to the differential diagnosis of angioedema.
Assessment of Hyperspectral Imaging in Pressure Injury Healing
Authors: Lee Lin-Lin , Chen Shu-Ling 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To analyze the blood oxygen concentrations (StO2) of different stages of pressure injury (PI) tissue using hyperspectral images to serve as a guideline for the treatment and care of PIs.

METHODS
This study used a prospective design. A total of 30 patients with sacral PIs were recruited from the rehabilitation ward of a teaching hospital. The authors used a hyperspectral detector to collect wound images and the Beer-Lambert law to estimate changes in tissue StO2 in different stages of PI.

RESULTS
The tissue StO2 of healthy skin and that of stage 1 PI skin were similar, whereas the tissue StO2 of the wound in stage 2 PIs was significantly higher than that of healthy skin and scabbed tissue (medians, 82.5%, 74.4%, and 68.3%; P < .05). In stage 3 PIs, StO2 was highest in subcutaneous tissue and adipose tissue (82.5%) and lowest in peripheral scabs (68.35%). The tissue StO2 was highest in subcutaneous tissue in stage 4 PIs, and this tissue was red in the hyperspectral spectrum. The scab-covered area of unstageable PIs had the lowest StO2 of all PI tissue types (median, 44.3%).

CONCLUSIONS
Hyperspectral imaging provides physiologic information on wound microcirculation, which can enable better evaluation of healing status. Assessing tissue StO2 data can provide a clinical index of wound healing.
Promoting and Maintaining Skin Integrity in End-of-Life Care: A Systematic Review
Authors: Raepsaet Charlotte , Blomberg Karin , Falk-Brynhildsen Karin , Gethin Georgina , Beeckman Dimitri 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To systematically review recommendations for promoting and maintaining skin integrity in end-of-life care and their level of evidence.

DATA SOURCES
MEDLINE (PubMed interface), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), EMBASE, and The Cochrane Library were systematically searched using a combination of key terms including end-of-life care, skin care, skin hygiene, and skin cleansing.

STUDY SELECTION
Articles were included if they (1) described skin care recommendations, including but not limited to the use of skin care products and interventions such as cleansing procedures; and (2) included adult patients who were expected to die within 12 months. There were no restrictions on study design, study setting, or language. Articles with a publication date before 2000 were excluded.

DATA EXTRACTION
Two data extraction forms were developed. The first included information about the author, publication year, type of evidence, study topic, sample, sample size, setting, limitations of the study, level of evidence, and quality of the study. The second included recommendations for promoting and maintaining skin integrity in patients at the end of life.

DATA SYNTHESIS
Because of methodological heterogeneity, results were synthesized narratively, and no meta-analysis was performed.

CONCLUSIONS
The information contained in the recommendations will assist nurses in promoting and maintaining skin integrity in patients at the end of life. More research is needed on end-of-life skin care, with an emphasis on patient-centered, holistic strategies that improve patient well-being and quality of life. In most current research, recommendations are limited to literature reviews and level V evidence. Skin care must balance the promotion and maintenance of skin integrity, wound prevention, and management while promoting patient dignity and quality of life.
A Consensus on Stomal, Parastomal, and Peristomal Complications
Authors: Carville Keryln , Haesler Emily , Norman Tania , Walls Pat , Monterosso Leanne 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To establish a consensus on terminology used to define stomal, parastomal, and peristomal complications in Australia.

METHODS
A list of stomal, parastomal, and peristomal complications was generated through group dialogue, which was informed by clinical and academic knowledge of the researchers. An extensive literature review was undertaken to identify any additional terms and to create a database of definitions/descriptions. A library of images related to the identified conditions was generated. An online Delphi process was conducted among a representative, purposive sample of Australia expert wound, ostomy, and continence nurses and colorectal surgeons. Ten terms were presented to the panel with descriptive photographs of each complication. Up to three Delphi rounds and, if necessary, a priority voting round were conducted.

RESULTS
Seven of the 10 terms reached agreement in the first round. One term (allergic dermatitis) was refined (allergic contact dermatitis) and reached agreement in the second round. Two terms (mucocutaneous granuloma and mucosal granuloma) were considered by the panel to be the same condition in different anatomical locations and were combined as one term (granuloma). Two terms (skin stripping and tension blisters) were combined as one term (medical adhesive-related skin injury) and reached agreement in round 2.

CONCLUSIONS
A consensus in terminology used to describe stomal or parastomal/peristomal complications will enhance communication among patients and health professionals and advance opportunities for education and benchmarking of stomal, parastomal, and peristomal complications nationally.
Noninvasive Hemoglobin Monitoring for Postoperative Pediatric Orthopaedic Patients: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Mathew Smitha E. , Pulido Natalie , Larson A. Noelle , Stans Anthony A. , Milbrandt Todd A. , Shaughnessy William J. 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Hemoglobin (Hgb) levels are frequently checked through venipuncture [invasive hemoglobin (iHgb)] in pediatric orthopaedic patients after high blood loss procedures. This needlestick may causes further anxiety and fear in hospitalized children. Noninvasive hemoglobin (nHgb) monitoring has been effectively utilized in the adult intensive care and postoperative total joint arthroplasty setting. nHgb monitoring has not yet been validated in children for routine postoperative Hgb assessment in pediatric orthopaedics.

Methods:
In this prospective study, 46 pediatric orthopaedic patients were enrolled who were undergoing surgery and postoperative standard of care iHgb testing. On postoperative day 1, Hgb levels were obtained through venipuncture and nHgb monitor (Pronto-7; Masimo) within a 2-hour period. Patient preferences, iHgb and nHgb values, time to result, and provider preferences were recorded. Cost data were estimated based on the standard Medicare payment rates for lab services versus the cost of nHgb probe.

Results:
nHgb results were obtained after 1 attempt in 38 patients (83%), after multiple attempts in 7 patients (15%), and could not be obtained in 1 patient. The mean time to obtain nHgb value was significantly shorter than that to obtain iHgb results (1.3±1.5 vs. 40±18.1 min; P<0.0001). The mean nHgb value was significantly higher than the mean iHgb value (11.7±1.5 vs. 10.6±1.1 g/dL, P<0.0001). nHgb exceeded iHgb by 2 g/dL or more in 12 (26%) patients (2.64±0.9 vs. 0.54±0.84 g/dL; P<0.0001). The concordance correlation coefficient between the 2 Hgb methods was 0.59, indicating moderate agreement. Forty-three (93%) of our patients and 34 (74%) of the care providers preferred nHgb over iHgb if results were equivalent. At our institution, the cost per iHgb monitoring is approximately $28 per blood draw as compared with $5 for nHgb monitoring. Interestingly, no patients required postoperative transfusion during the study period, as asymptomatic patients with no cardiac disease are typically observed unless the Hgb is <6.

Conclusions:
nHgb monitoring in postoperative pediatric patients overestimated Hgb levels compared with the standard of care methods; however, nHgb had high patient and provider satisfaction and had moderate agreement with iHgb. As no patients required transfusion, postoperative Hgb checks could likely be discontinued in some portion of our population.

Level of Evidence:
Level Ib—Diagnostic study.
Safety, Tolerability, and Effects of a Single Subcutaneous Administration of SP16 – a SERPIN-like, Small Peptide Agonist of the Low-Density Lipoprotein–like Receptor 1– on the Acute Inflammatory Response in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Van Tassell Benjamin W. , Wohlford George F. , Del Buono Marco Giuseppe , Damonte Juan Ignacio , Markley Roshanak , Turlington Jeremy , Kadariya Dinesh , Talasaz Azita , Ho Jane , Marawan Amr , Thomas Georgia K. , Austin Dana , Gineste Cyrille , Gelber Cohava , Abbate Antonio 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Modulation of the inflammatory response is a promising therapeutic strategy in acute myocardial infarction. The novel approach is based on the anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties mediated by the engagement of the low-density lipoprotein‒related protein 1 (LRP1) receptor. SERPIN peptide 16 (SP16) is a synthetic, selective LRP1 agonist. We herein present the results of a study with a single subcutaneous administration of SP16 in 10 patients with STEMI, to appraise its safety and tolerability and explore the effects on the acute inflammatory response, infarct size, and cardiac function.

Methods:
Ten patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) were enrolled within 12 hours of symptoms onset and 6 hours of percutaneous coronary intervention in a single-center, single-arm, open-label study of a single subcutaneous administration of SP16 (0.2 mg/kg). Serial clinical biomarkers and echocardiography data were collected up to 12 months. The data are presented separately for the treatment group and compared with historical controls from a placebo-treated arm in a recently completed clinical trial (N = 28) with similar enrollment criteria.

Results:
All ten patients with STEMI received subcutaneous administration of SP16, 381 [272–478] minutes after percutaneous coronary intervention, without any treatment-related adverse events. The area under the curve for C-reactive protein was 133 [46–528] mg·d/L in the SP16-treated group versus 286 [141–581] mg·d/L in the historical placebo-treated group (P = 0.161). The area under the curve for creatine kinase–myocardial band was 1432 [675–3089] ng·d/mL in the SP16-treated group versus 2367 [830–4750] ng·d/mL in the historical placebo-treated patients (P = 0.428). Left ventricular ejection fraction was 46% [39–54] at baseline and 51% [46–58] at 1 year follow-up in SP16-treated patients (interval change 5% [−0.3% to +9%] P = 0.05) and 44% [38%–56%] at baseline and 53% [43%–59%] at 1 year follow-up in historical placebo-treated patients (interval change 3% [−5% to 10%], P = 0.305).

Conclusion:
A single subcutaneous administration of SP16, a synthetic targeted LRP1 agonist, was safe and well-tolerated in patients with STEMI. A trend toward reduction in the inflammatory response and infarct size with SP16 was noted; however, the sample size for this study was not based on formal statistical criteria. More extensive studies are planned to determine the clinical efficacy of SP16 in STEMI.
NCT: NCT04225533.
Lipoprotein subfractions and subclinical vascular health in middle aged women: does menopause status matter?
Authors: Qi Meiyuzhen , Chen Xirun , Krauss Ronald M. , Matthews Karen , Janssen Imke , Brooks Maria M. , McConnell Dan , Crawford Sybil L. , El Khoudary Samar R. 
Published: July 2022

Objective
During midlife, women experience changes in lipoprotein profiles and deterioration in vascular health measures. We analyzed the associations of groups of lipoprotein subfractions as determined by principal component analysis (PCA) with subclinical vascular health measures in midlife women and tested if these associations were modified by menopause status.

Methods
PCA was used to generate principal components (PCs) from 12 lipoprotein subfractions quantified among 545 midlife women. The associations of the identified PCs and concurrent vascular health measures were assessed using linear or logistic regressions among participants with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT; n = 259), coronary artery calcium (n = 249), or aortic calcium (n = 248) scores.

Results
PCA generated four PCs representing groups of (1) small, medium, and large very low-density lipoproteins subclasses—very low-density lipoprotein PC; (2) very small, small, and medium low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subclasses—small-medium LDL-PC; (3) large and small high-density lipoproteins subclasses and midzone particles—high-density lipoprotein PC; and (4) large LDL and small intermediate-density lipoproteins—large LDL-PC. Small-medium LDL-PC was positively associated with cIMT, coronary artery calcium, and aortic calcium in unadjusted but not in adjusted models. Menopause status modified the positive association of the small-medium LDL-PC with cIMT (interaction P = 0.02) such that this association was stronger after versus before menopause (P = 0.01).

Conclusions
Carotid intimal medial thickening is positively and independently associated with small- and medium-sized LDL particles after menopause. Monitoring levels of specific lipoprotein fractions may have value in identifying midlife women at risk for developing atherosclerotic vascular disease.
Association between spine injury and opioid misuse in a prospective cohort of Level I trauma patients
Authors: Tilhou Alyssa Shell , Glass Joseph E. , Hetzel Scott J. , Shana Ola Elizabeth , Borza Tudor , Baltes Amelia , Deyo Bri M.F. , Agarwal Suresh , O’Rourke Ann , Brown Randall T. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective:
To explore patient and treatment factors explaining the association between spine injury and opioid misuse.

Design:
Prospective cohort study.

Setting:
Level I trauma center in a Midwestern city.

Participants:
English speaking patients aged 18 to 75 on Trauma and Orthopedic Surgical Services receiving opioids during hospitalization and prescribed at discharge.

Exposure:
Spine injury on the Abbreviated Injury Scale.

Main outcome measures:
Opioid misuse was defined by using opioids: in a larger dose, more often, or longer than prescribed; via a non-prescribed route; from someone other than a prescriber; and/or use of heroin or opium. Exploratory factor groups included demographic, psychiatric, pain, and treatment factors. Multivariable logistic regression estimated the association between spine injury and opioid misuse when adjusting for each factor group.

Results:
Two hundred eighty-five eligible participants consented of which 258 had baseline injury location data and 224 had follow up opioid misuse data. Most participants were male (67.8%), white (85.3%) and on average 43.1 years old. One-quarter had a spine injury (25.2%). Of those completing follow-up measures, 14 (6.3%) developed misuse. Treatment factors (injury severity, intubation, and hospital length of stay) were significantly associated with spine injury. Spine injury significantly predicted opioid misuse [odds ratio [OR] 3.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] (1.05, 9.78)]. In multivariable models, adjusting for treatment factors attenuated the association between spine injury and opioid misuse, primarily explained by length of stay.

Conclusion:
Spine injury exhibits a complex association with opioid misuse that predominantly operates through treatment factors. Spine injury patients may represent a subpopulation requiring early intervention to prevent opioid misuse.