bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Propositions as Made of Words
Authors: Kemp Gary 
Published: May 2022

AbstractI argue that the principal roles standardly envisaged for abstract propositions can be discharged to the sentences themselves (and similarly for the meanings or senses of words). I discuss: (1) Cognitive Value: Hesperus-Phosphorus; (2) Indirect Sense and Propositional Attitudes; (3) the Paradox of Analysis; (4) the Picture Theory of the Tractatus; (5) Syntactical Diagrams and Meaning; (6) Quantifying-in. (7) Patterns of Use. I end with comparisons with related views of the territory.
Characterising a Representation Construction Pedagogy for Integrating Science and Mathematics in the Primary School
Authors: Tytler Russell , Prain Vaughan , Kirk Melinda , Mulligan Joanne , Nielsen Chris , Speldewinde Chris , White Peta , Xu Lihua 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGrowing research evidence indicates student learning gains from guided representation construction/invention in school science and mathematics. In this inquiry approach, students address challenges around what features of a phenomenon/problem to attend to, what data to collect, how and why, and make collective judgments about multimodal accounts of phenomena. However, researchers to date have tended to focus on student learning rather than on the teacher’s role in guiding various phases of inquiry. In this paper we report on (a) analysis of Grade 1 students’ engagement in interdisciplinary mathematics and science inquiry practices in a classroom sequence in ecology; (b) the teacher’s role in guiding such inquiry; and (c) interpretation of these practices in terms of support of student transduction (connecting and remaking meanings across representations in different modes). Data from our study included video capture of two case study teachers’ guidance of tasks and classroom discussion and student artefacts. We examine the classroom processes through which the teachers used students’ invention and revision of data displays to teach the concepts of living things, diversity, distribution and adaptive features related to habitat in science. Mathematical processes included constructing and interpreting mapping, measurement and data modelling, sampling and using a scale. The analysis offers fresh insights into how teachers support student learning in these two subjects, through discrete stages of orienting, representation challenge, building consensus and applying and extending representational systems.
Low power memristive gas sensor architectures with improved sensing accuracy
Authors: Khandelwal Saurabh , Ottavi Marco , Martinelli Eugenio , Jabir Abusaleh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMemristive devices, traditionally considered for memory, logic, and neuromorphic systems, are exhibiting many interesting properties for applications in a variety of areas, such as in sensing chemicals. However, any realistic approach based on these devices must take into account their susceptibility to process and parametric variations. When used for sensing purposes this, together with wire resistance, can significantly degrade their sensing accuracy. To this end, we propose novel memristive gas sensor architectures that can significantly reduce these effects in a predictable manner, while improving accuracy and overall power consumption. Additionally, we show that in the absence of gasses this architecture can also be configured to realize multifunction logic operations as well as Complementary Resistive Switch with low hardware overhead, thereby enhancing resource reusability. We also present a method for further improving power consumption and measurability by manipulating a device’s internal barrier. Our results show that the proposed architecture is significantly immune to process and parametric variations compared to a single sensor and almost unaffected by wire resistance, while offering much higher accuracy and much lower power consumption compared to existing techniques.
Serine-Arginine Protein Kinase 1 (SRPK1): a systematic review of its multimodal role in oncogenesis
Authors: Duggan William P. , O’Connell Emer , Prehn Jochen H. M. , Burke John P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlternative splicing is implicated in each of the hallmarks of cancer, and is mechanised by various splicing factors. Serine-Arginine Protein Kinase 1 (SRPK1) is an enzyme which moderates the activity of splicing factors rich in serine/arginine domains. Here we review SRPK1’s relationship with various cancers by performing a systematic review of all relevant published data. Elevated SRPK1 expression correlates with advanced disease stage and poor survival in many epithelial derived cancers. Numerous pre-clinical studies investigating a host of different tumour types; have found increased SRPK1 expression to be associated with proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis in vitro as well as tumour growth, tumourigenicity and metastasis in vivo. Aberrant SRPK1 expression is implicated in various signalling pathways associated with oncogenesis, a number of which, such as the PI3K/AKT, NF-КB and TGF-Beta pathway, are implicated in multiple different cancers. SRPK1-targeting micro RNAs have been identified in a number of studies and shown to have an important role in regulating SRPK1 activity. SRPK1 expression is also closely related to the response of various tumours to platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents. Future clinical applications will likely focus on the role of SRPK1 as a biomarker of treatment resistance and the potential role of its inhibition.
Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium reverses neuronal oxidative injury by inhibition of TRPM2 activation and the JNK signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Yan , Liu Jiaxin , Yu Baocong , Jin Yiran , Li Jiahui , Ma Xiaona , Yu Jianqiang , Niu Jianguo , Liang Xueyun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The mechanism by which MSC-CM protects neuronal cells against ischemic injury remains to be elucidated. In this study, we aimed to clarify the protective effect of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium (UC-MSC-CM) on neuronal oxidative injury and its potential mechanism.

Methods and Results
Neuronal oxidative damage was mimicked by H2O2 treatment of the HT22 cell line. The numbers of cleaved-Caspase-3-positive cells and protein expression of Caspase-9 induced by H2O2 treatment were decreased by UC-MSC-CM treatment. Furthermore, SOD protein expression was increased in the MSC-CM group compared with that in the H2O2 group. The H2O2-induced TRPM2-like currents in HT22 cells were attenuated by MSC-CM treatment. In addition, H2O2 treatment downregulated the expression of p-JNK protein in HT22 cells, and this the downward trend was reversed by incubation with MSC-CM.

Conclusions
UC-MSC-CM protects neurons against oxidative injury, possibly by inhibiting activation of TRPM2 and the JNK signaling pathway.
‘Should We Be Doing It, Should We Not Be Doing It, Who Could Be Harmed?’
Authors: Garrecht Carola , Czinczel Berrit , Kretschmann Marek , Reiss Michael J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMany science educators have argued in favour of including socioscientific issues (SSI) in general, and ethical issues in particular, in school science. However, there have been a number of objections to this proposal, and it is widely acknowledged that such teaching places additional demands on science teachers. This study examined the curricula, textbooks and views of both student teachers and established teachers in England and in Germany regarding the teaching of ethical issues in secondary school science, particularly the ethical issues surrounding animal tests. Analysis of the curriculum documents for secondary or upper secondary school science showed that in both countries, ethical considerations feature strongly. However, in both countries, the overall treatments in the school textbooks of the ethical issues of animal testing were generally ‘thin’, and little opportunity was given for students to consider different ethical frameworks. The teacher and student teacher interviews revealed that interviewees generally gave ethical issues less emphasis than fundamental science. A number of interviewees referred to a lack of appropriate teaching material, and many of them also had concerns that such teaching could give rise to classroom management issues or that they might be accused of indoctrinating their students. Given the increasing acknowledgement of the need for school science to address so-called wicked socioscientific problems, these findings are a concern. We end with recommendations for curricula, for textbooks and for teacher education.
Atorvastatin can delay arterial stiffness progression in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Elsayed Mohamed Mamdouh , Ayman Elhassan Mohamed 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Arterial stiffness is one of the vascular pathologies in hemodialysis (HD) patients with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Few approaches have been tested to reduce arterial stiffness in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We aimed to assess effects of atorvastatin on arterial stiffness in hemodialysis patients.

Methods
This research is a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial which included 50 patients maintained on regular HD. Patients were allocated to receive 10 mg atorvastatin or placebo for 24 weeks. Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) as an index of large artery stiffness and augmentation index (AIx) as an index of wave reflections were assessed at baseline and after 6 months in both groups.

Results
In atorvastatin group at study end, there was no significant difference from baseline findings in aortic PWV (7.86 ± 2.5 vs 7.88 ± 2.6 m/sec; p = 0.136), AIx (26.04 ± 8.5 vs 26.0 ± 8.6%; p = 0.714) and central pulse pressure (PP) (p = 1.0). On the other hand, in placebo group after 24 weeks, aortic PWV (7.80 ± 2.16 vs 7.63 ± 2.1 m/sec; p < 0.001), AIx (25.88 ± 9.4 vs 25.04 ± 9.4%; p < 0.001) increased significantly from baseline measurements but central pulse pressure (PP) (p = 0.870) did not. Also, the change (Δ) in aortic PWV and AIx was significantly higher than the change in the atorvastatin group with p value of < 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively.

Conclusions
Arterial stiffness parameters remained stable in atorvastatin group but increased significantly in placebo-treated patients suggesting a potential role for atorvastatin to delay arterial stiffness progression in HD patients. Larger randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Clinical Trials registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04472637.
Mechanical analysis of the wide-hipped titanosaur Savannasaurus elliottorum
Authors: Preuschoft Holger 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFossil material of the wide-hipped titanosaurian sauropod Savannasaurus elliottorum from the Winton Formation has been described precisely. The authors, Poropat et al. (2020), reconstruct the original owner of the bones and draw well-founded conclusions about the evolution of Savannasaurus by connecting its body shape with its environment. These conclusions are in the sense of Bock and von Wahlert (in Evolution, 19, 269–299, 1965), on the level of the ultimate “Biological Role”. In fact there are also arguments on the level of the more proximate “Mechanical Function” to strengthen this view. The investigation of the mechanical conditions leads to a confirmation of the conclusions drawn by the authors of the study, now on the proximate level of “Function”. Like each functional analysis it bridges the gap between the morphological trait and the use made of it during lifetime. The mechanical stresses (or internal forces) evoked by forces acting on it from outside (or the external forces) are the immediate causes which dictate its shape; in the case of fossils, the shapes of skeletal elements.
On local isometries between algebras of C(Y)-valued differentiable maps
Authors: Hosseini Maliheh , Jiménez-Vargas A. , Ramírez María Isabel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLet K be either the real unit interval [0, 1] or the complex unit circle $${\mathbb {T}}$$
T
and let C(Y) be the space of all complex-valued continuous functions on a compact Hausdorff space Y. We prove that the isometry group of the algebra $$C^1(K,C(Y))$$

C
1

(
K
,
C

(
Y
)

)

of all C(Y)-valued continuously differentiable maps on K, equipped with the $$\Sigma $$
Σ
-norm, is topologically reflexive and 2-topologically reflexive whenever the isometry group of C(Y) is topologically reflexive.
The ‘good’ of extending fertility: ontology and moral reasoning in a biotemporal regime of reproduction
Authors: Bühler Nolwenn 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSince the emergence of in-vitro fertilization (IVF), a specific set of technologies has been developed to address the problem of the ‘biological clock’. The medical extension of fertility time is accompanied by promissory narratives to help women synchronize conflicting biological and social temporalities. This possibility also has a transgressive potential by blurring one of the biological landmarks – the menopause – by which reproductive lives are organized and governed. These new ways of managing, measuring and controlling reproductive time have renewed debates on the age limits of motherhood and the moral legitimacy of medical intervention into age-related fertility decline. Building on Amir’s feminist concept of biotemporality, this paper questions what happens when the ontological foundations of age-limited motherhood are disrupted by technologies which allow fertility to be extended. It discusses the reconfigurations of the ontological boundaries of the facts of life in the light of literature on reproductive technologies and temporality. Through the Swiss experience, the paper shows how medical experts are drawn into negotiating the ontological boundaries of age-limited motherhood along the binaries of the normal/pathological and the biological/social. Questioning the purpose of medical interventions in what are seen as facts of life, they produce different configurations of moral reasoning where what is natural undergoes shifts which both reinforce the normative order and subvert it.
Das ›Schweißtuch der Veronika‹. Zur Ästhetik liturgischer Referenzen bei Gertrud von le Fort
Authors: Bölling Jörg , Heilmann Gesa 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungKirchengeschichtliche und liturgiehistorische Forschungen wenden sich seit einiger Zeit wieder vermehrt dem Mittelalter und der Frühen Neuzeit zu. Besonderes Interesse finden dabei liturgische Rituale und Zeremonien, die einen fruchtbaren Austausch zu mediävistischen Fragestellungen zwischen der Theologie, Philologie, Musikgeschichte, Kunstgeschichte und Geschichte versprechen. In diesem Zusammenhang ist vor allem die im Mittelalter aufgekommene Präsentation des sog. ›Schweißtuches der Veronika‹ von Bedeutung – einem Phänomen, dem im Magdalene College der Universität Cambridge jüngst eine ganze Tagung gewidmet worden ist. Wenig Beachtung hat bisher jedoch die literarische Bearbeitung dieses im Kern mittelalterlichen Gegenstandes im gleichnamig suggestiv betitelten modernen Roman der Autorin Gertrud von le Fort (1876–1971) gefunden. Dieser Beitrag sucht im ersten Teil die zugrunde liegenden historischen, dem Ursprung nach mittelalterlichen Prätexte mit ihrer immanent liturgischen Ästhetik aufzuspüren (Jörg Bölling), um diese dann mit der literarischen Ästhetik der Autorin selbst zu vergleichen (Gesa Heilmann) sowie in einem abschließenden Fazit zu würdigen (Jörg Bölling und Gesa Heilmann).
NEW GENERALISATIONS OF VAN HAMME’S (G.2) SUPERCONGRUENCE
Authors: TANG NA 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSwisher [‘On the supercongruence conjectures of van Hamme’, Res. Math. Sci.2 (2015), Article no. 18] and He [‘Supercongruences on truncated hypergeometric series’, Results Math.72 (2017), 303–317] independently proved that Van Hamme’s (G.2) supercongruence holds modulo
$p^4$
for any prime
$p\equiv 1\pmod {4}$
. Swisher also obtained an extension of Van Hamme’s (G.2) supercongruence for
$p\equiv 3 \pmod 4$
and
$p>3$
. In this note, we give new one-parameter generalisations of Van Hamme’s (G.2) supercongruence modulo
$p^3$
for any odd prime p. Our proof uses the method of ‘creative microscoping’ introduced by Guo and Zudilin [‘A q-microscope for supercongruences’, Adv. Math.346 (2019), 329–358].
Attitude towards negotiating safer sexual relations: Exploring power dynamics among married couples in India
Authors: Vishwakarma Deepanjali , Sharma Santosh Kumar , Kukreti Shikha , Singh S.K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe study primarily focuses on analyzing married women’s attitudes towards negotiating safer sex in two contexts. The first context is when a woman refuses to have sex with husband if she knows her husband has a sexually transmitted disease (STD) and the second is when she does so if she knows he has sex with other women. The study examined predictors of Indian women’s attitude towards negotiating safer-sex using data on 92,306 ever married women from the state module of the 2015-16, National Family Health Survey 4. Descriptive and multilevel logistic regression was used to understand the interplay between the attitude towards negotiation of safer sexual relationships with husband and the selected background characteristics with a primary focus on controlling behaviour and power relations. About 17% of women did not believe in negotiating safer sexual relations with the husband. An approximately equal proportion of ever-married women (79% each) believed in doing so under the two specific conditions, that is, if they knew the husband had an STD and they knew he had sex with other women. Multilevel regression analysis showed that women who had household decision-making power [AOR=0.71; p<0.01] and those whose husbands displayed low control towards them [AOR=0.91; p<0.05] were more likely to believe in negotiating safer-sex. Our findings suggest that women who have controlling partners or those who live under the umbrella of the husband’s authority lack the power to negotiate for safer sex. Interventions promoting sexual well-being must deal with negative male perceptions and expectations that perpetuate unhealthy sexual habits and marriage ties.
Size-related, seasonal and interdecadal changes in the diet of the Patagonian longfin squid Doryteuthis gahi in the South-western Atlantic
Authors: Büring Tobias , Schroeder Paul , Jones Jessica B. , Pierce Graham , Rocha Francisco , Arkhipkin Alexander I. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Patagonian longfin squid Doryteuthis gahi has an annual life cycle with two seasonal cohorts (autumn and spring spawners). Earlier studies on the Patagonian shelf found a predominance of Euphausiacea in the D. gahi diet, but no studies to date have investigated differences between feeding spectra of the two cohorts or decadal diet shifts. The present study investigated differences in diet of D. gahi on the Patagonian shelf sampled two decades apart, and differences between seasonal cohorts. Classical stomach content analysis and generalized additive models were used to investigate and model the influence of mantle length, sampling period and spawning cohort on the diet. Results revealed an ontogenetic diet change from ~70% Frequency of Occurrence of Euphausiacea in small squid to more than 60% FO of fish and Cephalopoda at larger sizes. Cannibalism was also frequently observed. Euphausiacea were ingested more frequently and in higher amounts during the austral summer and therefore were consumed more by the autumn spawning cohort, whereas fish was more frequently fed upon during austral winter and also by the spring spawning cohort. Cannibalism was also recorded more in austral winter months but, contrary to feeding on fish, was more prevalent in the autumn spawning cohort. Increased predation of Munida gregaria was observed in 2020 compared with 2001. This study is an important step towards improving the knowledge of D. gahi's two seasonal cohorts, providing data that can be used for future ecosystem modelling.
Towards a Burma-inclusive South Asian Studies: A Roundtable
Authors: Emmrich Christoph , McQuade Joseph , Aiyar Sana , d'Hubert Thibaut 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBurma, or Myanmar as it was renamed in 1989, is largely ignored within the discipline of South Asian Studies, despite its cultural, religious, economic, and strategic significance for the wider worlds of Asia. Burma is often studied either in isolation or alongside Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Vietnam, and Malaysia, despite its equally important historical and cultural connections to communities, states, and networks across what is now India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, or Nepal. In this Roundtable, four scholars of South Asia discuss Burma's erasure within the discipline, the origins and limitations of traditional area studies frameworks, and the possibilities afforded by Burma's inclusion within a more expansive conception of South Asia.
Depressive symptoms among Mexican adolescent girls in relation to iron status, anaemia, body weight and pubertal status: results from a latent class analysis
Authors: Zarate-Ortiz Arli Guadalupe , Verhoef Hans , Melse-Boonstra Alida , Woods Bo-Jane , Lee-Bazaldúa Elida Estefania , Feskens Edith JM , Quiroga-Garza Angelica , Cepeda-Lopez Ana Carla 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjective:The study examined the association between depressive symptoms and iron status, anaemia, body weight and pubertal status among Mexican adolescent girls.Design:In this cross-sectional study, depressive symptoms were assessed by the 6-item Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale, and latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify and characterise groups of girls based on depressive symptoms. Iron status and inflammation were assessed using ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor, C-reactive protein and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, respectively. Multiple logistic and linear regressions were applied to model class membership as a function of iron status, anaemia, body weight and pubertal status.Participants:We collected data from 408 girls aged 12–20 years.Setting:Public schools in northern Mexico.Results:LCA yielded three classes of depressive symptoms: 44·4 % of the adolescents were ‘unlikely to be depressed’, 41·5 % were ‘likely to be depressed’ and 14·1 % were ‘highly likely to be depressed’. Our analyses demonstrated that iron-deficient girls had greater odds of being ‘likely depressed’ (OR 2·01, 95 % CI 1·01, 3·00) or ‘highly likely depressed’ (OR 2·80, 95 % CI 1·76, 3·84). Linear regression analyses revealed that lower Hb concentrations and higher body weight increased the probability of being ‘likely depressed’. There was no evidence that depressive symptoms were associated with age at menarche and years since menstruation.Conclusions:This study shows that iron-deficient adolescent girls are more likely to suffer from depressive symptoms and that lower concentrations of Hb and higher body weight increased the probability of experiencing depressive symptoms.