bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a Clinic-Based Exercise Program in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer Undergoing Nonsurgical Treatment
Authors: LUO HAO , GALVÃO DANIEL A. , NEWTON ROBERT U. , TANG COLIN I. , HART NICOLAS H. , SINGH FAVIL , DEAN ANDREW , JASAS KEVIN , JOHANSSON MIKAEL , YUSOFF IAN , SPRY NIGEL , TAAFFE DENNIS R. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Evidence regarding the role of exercise in pancreatic cancer (PanCa) is limited and is derived exclusively under tightly controlled research conditions. This study aimed to quantify adherence, adverse events, and changes in physical and psychological outcomes in any patients with PanCa referred to undertake exercise during nonsurgical treatment.

Methods
The study involved 22 patients with localized or metastatic PanCa undertaking a clinic-based exercise program during chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. The program included supervised aerobic and resistance exercise undertaken twice weekly for 12 wk and a 12-wk follow-up with supervised exercise optional dependent on patient preference and condition. Patients were monitored for adherence and adverse events. Objective and patient-reported outcomes were assessed at baseline, 12 wk, and 24 wk.

Results
A total of 251 sessions were attended by 19 patients over the first 12 wk (attendance rate, 55%). Complete case analyses indicated significant (P < 0.05) improvements in functional ability (5.2%–17.2%), muscle strength (16.9%–25.1%), and static balance (6.8%). There were no significant changes in body composition or patient-reported outcomes except for sleep quality, which deteriorated; however, at an individual level, several patients had clinically relevant improvements in cancer-related fatigue and quality of life. Patients who continued with supervised exercise to week 24 largely preserved improvements in functional ability, muscle strength, and static balance. No serious adverse events resulted from the exercise program.

Conclusions
Individualized, supervised aerobic and resistance exercise in a clinic-based setting appears to be safe and may improve or maintain physical and psychological health in patients with PanCa undergoing nonsurgical treatment.
Lumefantrine pressure selects nonsynonymous mutation in cysteine desulfurase IscS gene in the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei ANKA
Authors: Gachie Beatrice , Chepngetich Jean , Muriithi Brenda , Thiong’o Kelvin , Gathirwa Jeremiah , Kimani Francis , Mwitari Peter , Magoma Gabriel , Kiboi Daniel 
Published: August 2022

Background: Lumefantrine (LM), piperaquine (PQ), and amodiaquine (AQ) are the essential long-acting partner drugs in the artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) treatment regimens globally. Understanding the resistance mechanisms to partner drugs remains critical for tracking resistant parasites. Cysteine desulfurase IscS (nfs1), one of the proteins involved in the iron-sulfur (FeS) biogenesis pathway, has been implicated in mediating malaria parasite drug resistance. Methods: Using the rodent malaria parasites Plasmodium berghei ANKA in mice, we assessed whether the nfs1 gene is associated with LM, PQ, and AQ resistance. By means of PCR and sequencing analysis, we probed for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the nfs1 gene. Using qPCR, we then measured the expression of the nfs1 gene in resistant parasites relative to the drug-sensitive parent parasites. Results: Our analyses of nfs1 reveal a non-synonymous Gln142Arg mutation in the LM and PQ-resistant parasites. This mutation was not detected in the AQ-resistant parasites. The mRNA quantification of the nfs1 gene reveals significant downregulation in both LM and PQ-resistant parasites compared to the drug-sensitive wild-type (WT) parasites. Conversely, nfs1 expression was upregulated in the AQ-resistant schizont stage compared to the WT parasites. Conclusion: Our data suggest that LM and PQ selection pressure induces nonsynonymous mutation and nfs1 downregulation of its expression in Plasmodium berghei. Collectively, these findings provide a premise for investigating LM and PQ resistance mechanisms in both P. berghei and P. falciparum.
Bifidelity Surrogate Modelling: Showcasing the Need for New Test Instances
Authors: Andrés-Thió Nicolau , Muñoz Mario Andrés , Smith-Miles Kate 
Published: August 2022

In recent years, multifidelity expensive black-box (Mf-EBB) methods have received increasing attention due to their strong applicability to industrial design problems. The challenge, however, is that knowledge of the relationship between decisions and objective values is limited to a small set of sample observations of variable quality. In the field of Mf-EBB, a problem instance consists of an expensive yet accurate source of information, and one or more cheap yet less accurate sources of information. The field aims to provide techniques either to accurately explain how decisions affect design outcome, or to find the best decisions to optimise design outcomes. Many techniques that use surrogate models have been developed to provide solutions to both aims. Only in recent years, however, have researchers begun to explore the conditions under which these new techniques are reliable, often focusing on problems with a single low-fidelity function, known as bifidelity expensive black-box (Bf-EBB) problems. This study extends the existing Bf-EBB test instances found in the literature, as well as the features used to determine when the low-fidelity information source should be used. A literature test suite is constructed and augmented with new instances to demonstrate the potentially misleading results that could be reached using only the instances currently found in the literature, and to expose the criticality of a more heterogeneous test suite for algorithm assessment. Addressing the shortcomings of the existing literature, a new set of features is presented, as well as a new instance creation procedure, and a study of their impact on algorithm assessment is conducted. The low-fidelity information source is shown to be valuable if it is often locally accurate, even when its overall accuracy is relatively low. This contradicts the existing literature guidelines, which indicate the low-fidelity information is only useful if it has a high overall accuracy. History: Accepted by Antonio Frangioni, Area Editor for Design & Analysis of Algorithms – Continuous. Funding: This work was supported by Australian Research Council [Grant IC200100009] for the ARC Training Centre in Optimisation Technologies, Integrated Methodologies and Applications (OPTIMA), and the University of Melbourne Research Computing Services and Petascale Campus Initiative. N. Andrés-Thió is also supported by a Research Training Program scholarship from the University of Melbourne. Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplementary Information [ https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.1217 ] or is available from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC ) at [ http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6578060 ].
Manufacturing Productivity with Worker Turnover
Authors: Moon Ken , Bergemann Patrick , Brown Daniel , Chen Andrew , Chu James , Eisen Ellen A. , Fischer Gregory M. , Loyalka Prashant , Rho Sungmin , Cohen Joshua 
Published: August 2022

To maximize productivity, manufacturers must organize and equip their workforces to efficiently handle variable workloads. Their success depends on their ability to assign experienced and skilled workers to specialized tasks and coordinate work on production lines. Worker turnover may disrupt such efforts. We use staffing, productivity, and pay data from within a major consumer electronics manufacturer’s supply chain to study how firms should manage worker turnover and its effects using production decisions, wages, and inventory. We find that worker turnover impedes coordination between assembly line coworkers by weakening knowledge sharing and relationships. Publicly available unit-cost estimates imply that worker turnover accounts for $206–274 million in added direct expenses alone from defectively assembled units failing the firm’s stringent quality control. To evaluate managerial alternatives, we structurally estimate a dynamic equilibrium model (an Experience-Based Equilibrium) encompassing (1) workers’ endogenous turnover decisions and (2) the firm’s weekly planning of its production scheduling and staffing in response. In counterfactual analyses, a less turnover-prone, hence more productive, workforce significantly benefits the firm, reducing its variable production costs by 4.5%, or an estimated $928 million for the studied product. Such benefits justify paying higher efficiency wages even to less skilled workforces; furthermore, interestingly, rational inventory management policies incentivize self-interested firms to reduce rather than tolerate turnover. This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management. Funding: The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the data sponsor, and K. Moon gratefully acknowledges support from the Wharton Dean’s Research Fund and the Claude Marion Endowed Faculty Scholar Award of the Wharton School. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4476 .
Quasi-continuous tunable semiconductor laser based on the gain-lever effect with full C-band coverage fabricated by standard lithography
Authors: Du Fangling , Xu Yuanbo , Li Jing , Wang Hailing , Zheng Wanhua 
Published: August 2022

A quasi-continuous tunable semiconductor laser covered full C-band is demonstrated. The quasi-continuous tuning range of the tunable semiconductor laser is significantly improved by optimizing the length of the phase section using the gain-lever effect, achieving a 36 nm range that covered the whole C-band. In the tuning range, 46 channels with 100 GHz spacing are achieved, and all channels exhibit a side mode suppression ratio above 30 dB. No regrowth or high-precision lithography is involved in the fabrication process of the tunable semiconductor laser, which has the potential to provide a cost-effective light source for dense wavelength division multiplexing systems.
Near-infrared toroidal dipole response supported by silicon metasurfaces
Authors: Li Shiyu , Li Shaoyi , Wang Yi 
Published: August 2022

The dielectric metasurfaces supporting non-radiative toroidal dipole resonances play important roles in nanophotonics. In this paper, toroidal dipole resonances using a double-axe nanostructure array in the near-infrared region are theoretically investigated by the characterization of the near-field distribution and far-field scattering. An experimental quality factor of 261 is obtained at the resonant wavelength of 1498 nm.
Highly sensitive dual-core photonic quasicrystal fiber methane sensor based on surface plasmon resonance
Authors: Liu Qiang , Zhao Jin , Sun Yudan , Wang Shimiao , Han Mingzhu , Sun Guangrong , Lv Jingwei , Mu Haiwei , Chu Paul K. , Liu Chao 
Published: August 2022

A highly sensitive dual-core photonic quasicrystal fiber methane sensor based on surface plasmon resonance is designed and analyzed. In this sensor, cryptophane

E

is doped with polysiloxane and Ag and used as the sensitive film and plasma medium, respectively, for sensitive detection of methane. The influence of the structural parameters on the sensor properties is analyzed by the finite element method. The optimized dual-quasi-D-shape structure has excellent methane-sensing properties such as maximum and average wavelength sensitivities of 14 and 10.98 nm/%, respectively, in the methane concentration range of 0%–3.5%. The sensitivity is better than that of similar sensors reported previously.
Multivariate phenotype analysis enables genome-wide inference of mammalian gene function
Authors: Nicholson George , Morgan Hugh , Ganjgahi Habib , Brown Steve D. M. , Mallon Ann-Marie , Holmes Chris 
Published: August 2022

The function of the majority of genes in the human and mouse genomes is unknown. Investigating and illuminating this dark genome is a major challenge for the biomedical sciences. The International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC) is addressing this through the generation and broad-based phenotyping of a knockout (KO) mouse line for every protein-coding gene, producing a multidimensional data set that underlies a genome-wide annotation map from genes to phenotypes. Here, we develop a multivariate (MV) statistical approach and apply it to IMPC data comprising 148 phenotypes measured across 4,548 KO lines.There are 4,256 (1.4% of 302,997 observed data measurements) hits called by the univariate (UV) model analysing each phenotype separately, compared to 31,843 (10.5%) hits in the observed data results of the MV model, corresponding to an estimated 7.5-fold increase in power of the MV model relative to the UV model. One key property of the data set is its 55.0% rate of missingness, resulting from quality control filters and incomplete measurement of some KO lines. This raises the question of whether it is possible to infer perturbations at phenotype–gene pairs at which data are not available, i.e., to infer some in vivo effects using statistical analysis rather than experimentation. We demonstrate that, even at missing phenotypes, the MV model can detect perturbations with power comparable to the single-phenotype analysis, thereby filling in the complete gene–phenotype map with good sensitivity.A factor analysis of the MV model’s fitted covariance structure identifies 20 clusters of phenotypes, with each cluster tending to be perturbed collectively. These factors cumulatively explain 75% of the KO-induced variation in the data and facilitate biological interpretation of perturbations. We also demonstrate that the MV approach strengthens the correspondence between IMPC phenotypes and existing gene annotation databases. Analysis of a subset of KO lines measured in replicate across multiple laboratories confirms that the MV model increases power with high replicability.
Assessing the consistency of iPSC and animal models in cystic fibrosis modelling: A meta-analysis
Authors: Darwish Toqa , Al-Khulaifi Azhar , Ali Menatalla , Mowafy Rana , Arredouani Abdelilah , Doi Suhail A. , Emara Mohamed M. 
Published: August 2022

Introduction
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary autosomal recessive disorder caused by a range of mutations in the CF Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene. This gene encodes the CFTR protein, which acts as a chloride channel activated by cyclic AMP (cAMP). This meta-analysis aimed to compare the responsiveness of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to cAMP analogues to that of commonly used animal models.

Methods
Databases searched included PubMed, Scopus, and Medline from inception to January 2020. A total of 8 and 3 studies, respectively, for animal models and iPSCs, were analyzed. Studies were extracted for investigating cAMP-stimulated anion transport by measuring the short circuit current (Isc) of chloride channels in different animal models and iPSC systems We utilized an inverse variance heterogeneity model for synthesis.

Results
Our analysis showed considerable heterogeneity in the mean Isc value in both animal models and iPSCs studies (compared to their WT counterparts), and both suffer from variable responsiveness based on the nature of the underlying model. There was no clear advantage of one over the other.

Conclusions
Studies on both animal and iPSCs models generated considerable heterogeneity. Given the potential of iPSC-derived models to study different diseases, we recommend paying more attention to developing reproducible models of iPSC as it has potential if adequately developed.
Improving physical activity behaviors, physical fitness, cardiometabolic and mental health in adolescents - ActTeens Program: A protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Stabelini Neto Antonio , Santos Géssika Castilho dos , Silva Jadson Marcio da , Correa Renan Camargo , da Mata Lorena B. F. , Barbosa Rodrigo de O. , Zampier Ulbrich Anderson , Kennedy Sarah G. , Lubans David R. 
Published: August 2022

This trial aims to investigate the effects of the ActTeens physical activity program, on adolescents’ physical activity level, health-related fitness, cardiometabolic and mental health. The trial will aim to recruit ~140 adolescents (aged 13–14 years). Participants will be randomized into either intervention or control groups. The intervention will be guided by social cognitive theory and self-determination theory and implemented over one school term (24-weeks). The ActTeens Program will include: (1) structured physical activity sessions delivered within physical education, including movement-based games and dynamic stretching warm-ups; resistance training skill development; high-intensity training workouts; and cool-downs; (2) self-monitoring plus goal setting for physical activity by pedometer-smart wearable; and (3) healthy lifestyle guidance (social support) by WhatsApp® messages about healthy eating and regular physical activity for the intervention and parents groups. Study outcomes will be assessed at baseline, 24-weeks from baseline, and 12-months from baseline. Physical activity (accelerometer) is the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes include muscular and cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiometabolic profile, and mental health. A process evaluation will be conducted (i.e., recruitment, retention, attendance, and program satisfaction). This project will have the potential to address many questions and debates regarding the implementation of physical activity interventions in low-and- middle-income countries.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05070377. Registered on 7 October 2021.
Smoking cessation after cancer diagnosis reduces the risk of severe cancer pain: A longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Taniguchi Chie , Narisada Akihiko , Tanaka Hideo , Iida Hiroki , Iida Mami , Mori Rina , Nakayama Ayako , Suzuki Kohta 
Published: August 2022

Background
Whether abstinence from smoking among cancer patients reduces cancer pain is still unclear. Opioids can act as a surrogate index for evaluating the incidence of severe cancer pain in countries where opioid abuse is infrequent. This study aimed to investigate whether changed smoking behavior after cancer diagnosis influences the incidence of severe cancer pain as determined by strong opioid use.

Methods
Using a large Japanese insurance claims database (n = 4,797,329), we selected 794,702 insured employees whose annual health checkup data could be confirmed ≥6 times between January 2009 and December 2018. We selected 591 study subjects from 3,256 employees who were diagnosed with cancer pain and had health checkup data at the year of cancer pain diagnosis.

Results
A significantly greater proportion of patients who continued smoking after cancer diagnosis (“current smoker”, n = 133) received strong opioids (36.8%) compared with patients who had never smoked or had stopped before cancer diagnosis (“non-smoker”, n = 383, 20.6%; p<0.05) but also compared with patients who had quit smoking after cancer diagnosis (“abstainer:”, n = 75, 24.0%; p<0.05). In multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, abstainers had a significantly lower risk of receiving strong opioids than current smokers (hazard ratio: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.328 to 0.997). These findings were consistent across multiple sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that patients who quit smoking after cancer diagnosis have a lower risk of severe cancer pain. This information adds clinical incentives for improving quality of life among those who smoked at the time of cancer diagnosis.
Utilization of the Zoom Application in Improving Arabic Speaking Skills (Mahārah Kālam) during the Covid-19 Pandemic/ Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Zoom dalam Meningkatkan Mahārah Kālam pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Ngindana Zulfa  
Published: August 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak arises problems in learning Arabic. Some instructors feel they spontaneously do not require the language environment (bi'ah lughawiyyah) in the teaching and learning process. This obviously has such a broad impact on the four language skills and one of the biggest challenges for them is that they could not teach Arabic speaking skills communicatively. This study aims to offer a considerable insight about the use of Zoom Cloud Meetings in improving Arabic speaking skills (mahārah kālam) during the pandemic. The study used qualitative descriptive methods and the data were collected through interviews and documentation. The data were analyzed using the theory of Miles and Huberman. Based on the review of results of interviews and documentation, Zoom Cloud Meeting is an effective way to improve students’ speech as it provides complete features so that communication between lecturers and students using Arabic can be established properly. To improve these skills, storytelling (taqdimul qisshah) and conversation (muhadatsah) are practiced. As a learning medium, Zoom certainly has advantages and disadvantages. The benefits of this media include having complete features, good access, large, flexible, and high capacity and supporting the teaching and learning process. While the drawbacks of using zoom application are the extra financial burden for internet quota, media restrictions, and having a strong internet connection.
Abstrak
Kehadiran virus Covid-19 memunculkan permasalahan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab. Beberapa pendidik merasa kehilangan bi’ah lughowiyyah pada proses belajar mengajar. Hal ini mengakibatkan empat keterampilan bahasa, khususnya keterampilan berbicara tidak dapat terealisaikan dengan maksimal. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan wawasan kepada pendidik tentang pemanfaatan Zoom Cloud Meeting dalam meningkatkan mahārah kālam pada masa pandemi. Pada penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, dengan metode pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis data pada penelitian ini adalah teori Miles dan Huberman. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dan dokumentasi, Zoom Cloud Meeting dinilai efektif dalam meningkatkan mahārah kālam mahasiswa. Hal ini dikarenakan Zoom menyediakan fitur-fitur yang lengkap, sehingga komunikasi antara dosen dan mahasiswa dengan menggunakan bahasa Arab dapat terlaksana dengan baik. Metode yang digunakan dalam meningkatkan mahārah kālam adalah metode taqdimul qisshah dan muhadatsah. Sebagai media pembelajaran, Zoom memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan. Kelebihan dari media tersebut adalah tersedinya fitur-fitur yang lengkap dan mendukung proses belajar mengajar, kapasitas ruang yang besar, fleksibel, dan kapasitas akses yang tinggi. Sedangkan kekurangannya adalah borosnya kuota internet, pembatasan media dan harus terhubung dengan jaringan internet yang kuat.