bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Covalently Interlayer‐Confined Organic–Inorganic Heterostructures for Aqueous Potassium Ion Supercapacitors
Authors: Chen Jianping , Liu Bin , Cai Hang , Liu Shude , Yamauchi Yusuke , Jun Seong Chan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractArtificial assembly of organic–inorganic heterostructures for electrochemical energy storage at the molecular level is promising, but remains a great challenge. Here, a covalently interlayer‐confined organic (polyaniline [PANI])–inorganic (MoS2) hybrid with a dual charge‐storage mechanism is developed for boosting the reaction kinetics of supercapacitors. Systematic characterizations reveal that PANI induces a partial phase transition from the 2H to 1T phases of MoS2, expands the interlayer spacing of MoS2, and increases the hydrophilicity. More in‐depth insights from the synchrotron radiation‐based X‐ray technique illustrate that the covalent grafting of PANI to MoS2 induces the formation of MoN bonds and unsaturated Mo sites, leading to increased active sites. Theoretical analysis reveals that the covalent assembly facilitates cross‐layer electron transfer and decreases the diffusion barrier of K+ ions, which favors reaction kinetics. The resultant hybrid material exhibits high specific capacitance and good rate capability. This design provides an effective strategy to develop organic–inorganic heterostructures for superior K‐ion storage. The K‐ion storage mechanism concerning the reversible insertion/extraction upon charge/discharge is revealed through ex situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Highly Exposed NH2 Edge on Fragmented g‐C3N4 Framework with Integrated Molybdenum Atoms for Catalytic CO2 Cycloaddition: DFT and Techno‐Economic Assessment
Authors: Wong Kien Tiek , Brigljević Boris , Lee Jeong Hyeon , Yoon So Yeon , Jang Seok Byum , Choong Choe Earn , Nah Inwook , Kim Hyeongjun , Roh Hyun‐Seog , Kwak Sang Kyu , Lim Hankwon , Jang Min 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study focuses on the applicability of single‐atom Mo‐doped graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) nanosheets which are specifically engineered with high surface area (exfoliated GCN), NH2 rich edges, and maximum utilization of isolated atomic Mo for propylene carbonate (PC) production through CO2 cycloaddition of propylene oxide (PO). Various operational parameters are optimized, for example, temperature (130 °C), pressure (20 bar), catalyst (Mo2GCN), and catalyst mass (0.1 g). Under optimal conditions, 2% Mo‐doped GCN (Mo2GCN) has the highest catalytic performance, especially the turnover frequency (TOF) obtained, 36.4 h−1 is higher than most reported studies. DFT simulations prove the catalytic performance of Mo2GCN significantly decreases the activation energy barrier for PO ring‐opening from 50–60 to 4.903 kcal mol−1. Coexistence of Lewis acid/base group improves the CO2 cycloaddition performance by the formation of coordination bond between electron‐deficient Mo atom with O atom of PO, while NH2 surface group disrupts the stability of CO2 bond by donating electrons into its low‐level empty orbital. Steady‐state process simulation of the industrial‐scale consumes 4.4 ton h−1 of CO2 with PC production of 10.2 ton h−1. Techno‐economic assessment profit from Mo2GCN is estimated to be 60.39 million USD year−1 at a catalyst loss rate of 0.01 wt% h−1.
Disturbed Flow‐Facilitated Margination and Targeting of Nanodisks Protect against Atherosclerosis
Authors: Zhao Chuan‐Rong , Li Jingyi , Jiang Zhi‐Tong , Zhu Juan‐Juan , Zhao Jia‐Nan , Yang Qian‐Ru , Yao Weijuan , Pang Wei , Li Ning , Yu Miaorong , Gan Yong , Zhou Jing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDisturbed blood flow induces endothelial pro‐inflammatory responses that promote atherogenesis. Nanoparticle‐based therapeutics aimed at treating endothelial inflammation in vasculature where disturbed flow occurs may provide a promising avenue to prevent atherosclerosis. By using a vertical‐step flow apparatus and a microfluidic chip of vascular stenosis, herein, it is found that the disk‐shaped versus the spherical nanoparticles exhibit preferential margination (localization and adhesion) to the regions with the pro‐atherogenic disturbed flow. By employing a mouse model of carotid partial ligation, superior targeting and higher accumulation of the disk‐shaped particles are also demonstrated within disturbed flow areas than that of the spherical particles. In hyperlipidemia mice, administration of disk‐shaped particles loaded with hypomethylating agent decitabine (DAC) displays greater anti‐inflammatory and anti‐atherosclerotic effects compared with that of the spherical counterparts and exhibits reduced toxicity than “naked” DAC. The findings suggest that shaping nanoparticles to disk is an effective strategy for promoting their delivery to atheroprone endothelia.
Modulating Electronic Environment of Ru Nanoclusters via Local Charge Transfer for Accelerating Alkaline Water Electrolysis
Authors: Wu Zihe , Liu Luchang , Zhao Zhenyang , Yang Chengdong , Mu Shengdong , Zhou Hongju , Luo Xianglin , Ma Tian , Li Shuang , Zhao Changsheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCompared to platinum catalysts, ruthenium (Ru) is disclosed as a promising alternative for alkaline water electrolysis due to its similar hydrogen adsorption energy and relatively lower water dissociation barrier. However, in the challenging alkaline media, the dissatisfied Volmer step during water dissociation of Ru metal prohibits its practical applications. Here, a new pathway to modulate the electronic environment of Ru catalysts via a local charge transfer strategy for tuning the water dissociation kinetics and accelerating the alkaline water electrolysis is proposed. The obtained catalysts are engineered by assembling and subsequently pyrolyzing the layer‐stacked and 2D porphyrin‐based Ru‐N coordination polymers on nanocarbon supports. Benefiting from the well‐defined Ru nanocluster‐Nx‐coordination bonds (Runc‐Nx), unique electronic environments, and local charge transfer properties, the catalysts exhibit the exceptional activity of 17 mV overpotential at 10 mA cm−2and robust stability in water, which is more efficient than state‐of‐the‐art Ru catalysts. The theoretical calculation suggests that the Runc‐Nxsites enhance the nucleophilic attack of water and weaken the HOH bond. This study manifests that tailoring the bond environments of Ru clusters can significantly modulate their intrinsic catalytic activities and stabilities, which may open new avenues for developing high‐active and durable catalysts for water electrolysis.
Partially Carbonized Polymer Binder with Polymer Dots for Silicon Anodes in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wu Zhuoying , Wan Zhengwei , Li Zeheng , Du Qiaokun , Wu Tong , Cao Jun , Ling Min , Liang Chengdu , Tan Yuanzhong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLarge‐scale applications of conventional conductive binders for silicon (Si) anodes are challenging to accomplish due to their complex synthesis steps and high cost. Herein, a carbonized polymer dots‐assisted polyvinyl alcohol‐chitosan (PVA‐CS‐CPDs) binder is developed through a simple and low‐cost hydrothermal method. Through rational design, the PVA‐CS‐CPDs binder retains rich polar groups while forming conjugated structures. The conjugated structure endows the PVA‐CS‐CPDs with high electronic conductivity, and the retained polar groups maintain strong binding strength. The proposed water‐soluble binding system acts as both a binder and conductive additive, enabling stable cycling for high‐Si‐content (90 wt.%) anodes without any other conductive additives.
Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes: A Versatile Medium for Waterproof and Breathable Application
Authors: Gong Xiaobao , Yin Xia , Wang Fei , Liu Xiaoyan , Yu Jianyong , Zhang Shichao , Ding Bin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWaterproof and breathable membranes that prevent liquid water penetration, while allowing air and moisture transmission, have attracted significant attention for various applications. Electrospun nanofiber materials with adjustable pore structures, easily tunable wettability, and good pore connectivity, have shown significant potential for constructing waterproof and breathable membranes. Herein, a systematic overview of the recent progress in the design, fabrication, and application of waterproof and breathable nanofibrous membranes is provided. The various strategies for fabricating the membranes mainly including one‐step electrospinning and post‐treatment of nanofibers are given as a starting point for the discussion. The different design concepts and structural characteristics of each type of waterproof and breathable membrane are comprehensively analyzed. Then, some representative applications of the membranes are highlighted, involving personal protection, desalination, medical dressing, and electronics. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives associated with waterproof and breathable nanofibrous membranes are presented.
Laser Induced Coffee‐Ring Structure through Solid‐Liquid Transition for Color Printing
Authors: Xie Jiawang , Qiao Ming , Zhu Dezhi , Yan Jianfeng , Deng Shengfa , He Guangzhi , Luo Ma , Zhao Yuzhi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMetallic micro/nano structures with special physicochemical properties have undergone rapid development owing to their broad applications in micromachines and microdevices. Ultrafast laser processing is generally accepted as an effective technology for functional structures manufacture, however, the controllable fabrication of specific metallic micro/nano structures remains a challenge. Here, this work proposes a novel strategy of laser induced transient solid‐liquid transition to fabricate unique structures. Through modulating the transient state of metal from solid to liquid phase using the initial pulse excitation, the subsequent ultrafast pulse‐induced recoil pressure can suppress the plasma emission and removal of liquid phase metals, resulting in the controllable fabrication of coffee‐ring structures. The solid‐liquid transition dynamics, which related with the transient reflectivity and plasma intensity, are revealed by established two temperature model coupled with molecular dynamics model. The coffee‐ring structure exhibits tunable structure color owing to various optical response, which can be used for color printing with large scale and high resolution. This work provides a promising strategy for fabricating functional micro/nano structures, which can greatly broaden the potential applications.
Two‐Dimensional Ultrathin Graphic Carbon Nitrides with Extended π‐Conjugation as Extraordinary Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Photocatalyst
Authors: Sha Pengzhan , You Yang , Wen Donglian , Wu Zihao , Wang Qingfeng , Bu Donglei , Huang Shaoming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractConstruction of 2D graphic carbon nitrides (g‐CNx) with wide visible light adsorption range and high charge separation efficiency concurrently is of great urgent demand and still very challenging for developing highly efficient photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution. To achieve this goal, a two‐step pyrolytic strategy has been applied here to create ultrathin 2D g‐CNx with extended the π‐conjugation. It is experimentally proven that the extension of π‐conjugation in g‐CNx is not only beneficial to narrowing the bandgap, but also improving the charge separation efficiency of the g‐CNx. As an integral result, extraordinary apparent quantum efficiencies (AQEs) of 57.3% and 7.0% at short (380 nm) and long (520 nm) wavelength, respectively, are achieved. The formation process of the extended π‐conjugated structures in the ultrathin 2D g‐CNx has been investigated using XRD, FT‐IR, Raman, XPS, and EPR. Additionally, it has been illustrated that the two‐step pyrolytic strategy is critical for creating ultrathin g‐CNx nanosheets with extended π‐conjugation by control experiments. This work shows a feasible and effective strategy to simultaneously expand the light adsorption range, enhance charge carrier mobility and depress electron‐hole recombination of g‐CNx for high‐efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
End‐of‐life solution prioritization for pre‐cast concrete components aligning with circular economy targets
Authors: Samarakoon S. M. Samindi M. K. , Ratnayake R. M. Chandima 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCircular economy (CE) targets provide an economic model to focus on the efficient use of resources by minimization of the waste, reduction of the linear consumption of natural resources, long‐term value creation, and making material consumption circular. The building and construction sector is responsible for significantly increasing the carbon footprint and linear material consumption. The identification and prioritization of end‐of‐life solutions during the decommission of the existing pre‐cast concrete buildings enable the carbon footprint and linear material consumption to be alleviated. The CE targets enable end‐of‐life solutions for structural or non/structural components to be identified, while multi‐criteria decision analysis enables their prioritization using a hierarchically structured decision model. A principal challenge, therefore, is to identify the assessment criteria for such a prioritization, aligning with the CE targets, and to develop an assessment framework. This manuscript demonstrates how to prioritize end‐of‐life solutions using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The decision hierarchy has been developed using the end‐of‐life solutions given in research findings within the structural and/or non‐structural components. The decision hierarchy development, AHP prioritization, and sensitivity analysis enable practitioners to integrate the suggested approach with building information modeling (BIM). This enhances the potential for the effective integration of the CE economic model in the construction industry and to minimize the carbon footprint.
Simultaneous phosphorus and nitrogen removal with different C/N ratios in a low oxygen aeration system: Microorganisms and mechanisms
Authors: Jin Baodan , Liu Ye , Jia Yusheng , Niu Jintao , Wang Lipei , Qin Hexian , Wang Ran , Wang Lan , Ji Jiantao , Pang Long , Du Jing Jing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, a combined system with simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal was operated in continuous low oxygen aeration mode, and the effect of lower oxygen aeration (dissolved oxygen [DO] 0.5–1.5 mg/L) on its performance was examined. The combined system consisted of sludge and high‐efficiency biological packing and was operated using four carbon/nitrogen ratios (C/N) with being 10:1, 8:1, 6:1, 10:1. Experimental results showed that the combined system could perform an efficient nitrogen and phosphorus removal under low DO and C/N ratio of 8:1 condition, and removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH4+‐N, and PO43−‐P were 80.01%, 99.03%, and 89.51%, respectively. High‐throughput analysis indicated that the functional species of denitrifying bacteria, including Ferruginibacter Azospira, Comamonas, Bacilli, Hyphomicrobium, Thauera, and Comamonadaceae, were important participants in biological nutrient removal. Meanwhile, Acinetobacter was enriched in the combined system, which contributed to phosphorus removal.Practitioner Points
A combined system was operated firstly under continuous low oxygen condition.
The lower dissolved oxygen (DO) of the combined system was maintained at 0.50–1.5 mg/L level.
The combined system could realize simultaneous phosphorus and nitrogen removal under C/N ratio of 8:1.
Several functional bacteria were enriched in the coupled systems.
Degradation of sulfamethoxazole by chlorination in water distribution systems: Kinetics, toxicity, and antibiotic resistance genes
Authors: Xu Luo , Li Cong , Wei Guozijian , Ji Jie , Lichtfouse Eric , García Andreina , Zhang Yunshu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSulfamethoxazole (SMX) is one of veterinary drugs and food additives, which has been frequently detected in surface waters in recent years and will cause damage to organisms. Therefore, SMX was selected as a target to be investigated, including the degradation kinetics, evolution of toxicity, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) of SMX during chlorination in batch reactors and water distribution systems (WDS), to determine the optimal factors for removing SMX. In the range of investigated pH (6.3–9.0), the SMX degradation had the fastest rate at close to neutral pH. The chlorination of SMX was affected by the initial total free chlorine concentration, and the degradation of SMX was consistent with second‐order kinetics. The rate constants in batch reactors are (2.23 ± 0.07) × 102 M−1 s−1 and (5.04 ± 0.30) × 10 M−1 s−1 for HClO and ClO−1, respectively. Moreover, the rate constants in WDS are (1.76 ± 0.07) × 102 M−1 s−1 and (4.06 ± 0.62) × 10 M−1 s−1, respectively. The degradation rate of SMX was also affected by pipe material, and the rate followed the following order: stainless‐steel pipe (SS) > ductile iron pipe (DI) > polyethylene pipe (PE). The degradation rate of SMX in the DI increased with increasing flow rate, but the increase was limited. In addition, SMX could increase the toxicity of water initially, yet the toxicity reduced to the level of tap water after 2‐h chlorination. And the relative abundance of ARGs (sul1 and sul2) of tap water samples was significantly increased under different chlorination conditions.Practitioner Points

The degradation rate of SMX in batch reactor and WDS is different, and they could be described by first‐ or second‐order kinetics.
The degradation of SMX had the fastest rate at neutral pH.
The degradation rate of SMX was also affected by pipe material and flow velocity.
SMX increased the toxicity of water initially, yet the toxicity reduced after a 2‐h chlorination.
SMX increased the relative abundance of antibiotic resistance genes sul1 and sul2.
Epoxy lining influence on recycled water quality during pipeline transit for potable reuse
Authors: Pham Christine , Medina Ricardo , Plumlee Megan H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn epoxy treatment was applied to a pipeline used to convey advanced treated recycled water from a purification facility to a recharge site. The epoxy treatment was applied to prevent further deterioration (corrosion) of the interior cement mortar lining (CML). A soil column study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the epoxy liner on the clogging potential of water before and after conveyance. The clogging potential was represented by differences in the column's relative hydraulic conductivity and water quality, between the treatment plant and injection site, before and after epoxy lining. Hydraulic conductivity of columns at the injection well site declined rapidly before epoxy and improved considerably after epoxy application. Total suspended solids (TSS) and cellular adenosine triphosphate (cATP) median concentrations improved significantly. Before epoxy, TSS increased with pipeline transit from 0.005 to 0.053 (mg/L) compared with 0.009 mg/L after epoxy. Before epoxy, cATP increased from 0.14 to 1.6 pg/ml across pipeline transit compared with 0.37 pg/ml after epoxy. Aluminum and nitrate followed similar trends. Results indicate that epoxy liner reduced the clogging potential of high purity recycled water, likely due to a decrease in particle and biomass load (clogging constituents) accumulated during pipeline transit.Practitioner Points

Clogging potential of advanced treated recycled water increases with pipeline transit.
Epoxy lining the pipeline used for conveyance reduces the particulate and microbial loading of the highly purified water.
Applying epoxy to pipelines used to convey advanced treated recycled water has the dual benefit of infrastructure protection and improving water quality.
Reducing particle and microbial load in the advanced treated recycled water can reduce maintenance frequencies and elongate production periods for MAR applications.
Propagation of generalised Rayleigh wave at the surface of piezoelectric medium with arbitrary anisotropy
Authors: Sharma M. D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMathematical model for mechanical and electrical dynamics is solved for three‐dimensional propagation of harmonic plane waves in a piezoelectric medium with arbitrary anisotropy. A system of modified Christoffel equations is derived to explain the existence and propagation of bulk waves or decaying phases in the considered medium. At the free plane boundary, a superposition of decaying phases form a generalised Rayleigh wave, which is governed by a linear system of four homogeneous equations. A complex determinantal secular equation ensures a solution to this system. True surface wave at the boundary of the considered medium demands a real solution of this complex secular equation. The linear system of four equations is then transformed to replace the complex secular equation with a real one, which can be solved by standard numerical methods. A real solution of this real secular equation provides the phase velocity for generalised Rayleigh wave at the boundary of piezoelectric medium with arbitrary anisotropy. This phase velocity defines a complex slowness vector, which is used to calculate the motion of material particles and the wave‐induced electric field. A numerical example is considered to compute the phase velocity as well as group velocity for given (arbitrary) propagation directions of Rayleigh wave at the boundary. Variations in particle motion and electric field, induced by Rayleigh wave, are analysed at different depths for different propagation directions at the boundary.
Multi-target regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine production by transcription factor Blimp-1
Authors: Qin Qiushi , Li Rui , Li Lan , Zhang Yue , Deng Shuwei , Zhu Liuluan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
Cytokine storm syndrome is a fatal condition related to infectious and autoimmune diseases. Here, we aim to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of Blimp-1 on multiple cytokine production.

Methods
The Blimp1 shRNA was transfected into RAW264.7 macrophages, followed by Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligand stimulation. The mRNA and protein levels of cytokines were detected by real-time PCR and flow cytometric bead array. The nuclear translocation of AP-1 and NF-κB p65 was measured by immunofluorescence staining. The transcriptional activity was detected by luciferase reporter assay with 5 × NF-κB reporter or with IL6 promoter reporter.

Results
Blimp-1 significantly inhibited the expression and secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18 in macrophages during stimulation with a variety of TLR ligands. The immunofluorescence staining results showed that Blimp-1 strictly controlled the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 in LPS-challenged macrophages. Furthermore, Blimp-1 directly inhibited the transcriptional activity of NF-κB and the transcription of IL6 gene.

Conclusion
Blimp-1 represses the production of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines by directly binding the genomic region and restricting the nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of NF-κB. This finding may provide potential therapeutic strategies for the cytokine storm-related diseases.
The relationship between decentralization and economic growth across regimes
Authors: Aray Henry , Pedauga Luis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPanel smooth transition regression (PSTR) is applied to obtain thresholds in certain variables to classify the regions into regimes (high or low). Data for the regions of Spain over the period 1986–2010 are used. In general, the results point to a positive (negative) relationship between fiscal (administrative) decentralization and economic growth in regions with low public infrastructure stock per efficient worker and high human capital per worker. In addition, in regions with low (high) total factor productivity, expenditure (revenue) decentralization is positively (negatively) correlated with economic growth. The results are fairly robust to different specifications and estimation methods.