bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a multi-component training programme for employees aged 50+
Authors: Hüber Tanja , Käser Udo , Stahlhofen Lena , Görtner Lara , Röhr-Sendlmeier Una 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLifelong learning offers an opportunity for mature employees to stay adept in the light of changing demands, to promote health and counteract physical and cognitive decline. This intervention study evaluates the effects of a multi-component training programme for employees aged 50+ , focussing on competence expectations, stress management, cognitive, metacognitive and psychomotoric training. Effects were evaluated in a longitudinal control group design with follow-up after six months (24 training groups,n = 247, participants per group:M = 13.04,SD = 2.44; control group,n = 199). To control for experimenter effects the same programme was administered to 6 additional groups by trained instructors (n = 54, participants per group:M = 11.83,SD = 3.37). To validate effects of the multi-component training 12 supplementary groups were included, with 4 groups each focusing on either the competence (n = 49, participants per group:M = 15.00,SD = 0.00) or cognitive (n = 43, participants per group:M = 14.25,SD = 1.50) or stress management components (n = 41, participants per group:M = 14.50,SD = 0.58). Data of 633 adults (mean age:M = 55.03,SD = 3.71 years) were analysed. Participants reported high acceptance of the programme. The multi-component training programme was effective regarding improvements in subjective health, self-concept of professional competence, self-efficacy, coping with stress and cognitive abilities with long-term effects for the latter four. Trainings administered by trained instructors had similar effects to those administered by the programme’s designers. The single-component trainings led to specific effects in the focused areas, overall comparable to those of the multi-component training. Unexpectedly, cognitive effects were obtained by all single-component trainings. Subjective health and self-efficacy were only promoted by the multi-component training, indicating broader effects. The results are discussed with respect to strengths and limitations of the study, possible mechanisms underlying the effects, suggestions for further research as well as for the training’s implementation in business practice.
Language and communication in international students’ adaptation: a bibliometric and content analysis review
Authors: Wilczewski Michał , Alon Ilan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article systematically reviews the literature (313 articles) on language and communication in international students’ cross-cultural adaptation in institutions of higher education for 1994–2021. We used bibliometric analysis to identify the most impactful journals and articles, and the intellectual structure of the field. We used content analysis to synthesize the results within each research stream and suggest future research directions. We established two major research streams: second-language proficiency and interactions in the host country. We found inconclusive results about the role of communication with co-nationals in students’ adaptation, which contradicts the major adaptation theories. New contextualized research and the use of other theories could help explain the contradictory results and develop the existing theories. Our review suggests the need to theoretically refine the interrelationships between the interactional variables and different adaptation domains. Moreover, to create a better fit between the empirical data and the adaptation models, research should test the mediating effects of second-language proficiency and the willingness to communicate with locals. Finally, research should focus on students in non-Anglophone countries and explore the effects of remote communication in online learning on students’ adaptation. We document the intellectual structure of the research on the role of language and communication in international students’ adaptation and suggest a future research agenda.
Resonant Atmospheric Plasma-Sprayed Ceramic Layers Effectively absorb Microwaves at 170 GHz
Authors: Hentrich Andreas , Garcia Venancio Martinez , Killinger Andreas , Plaum Burkhard , Lechte Carsten , Tovar Günter E. M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMicrowave absorbing layer materials (MALMs) are extremely important for many components in fusion reactors to absorb microwave radiation in a controlled manner and with predictable power density. Therefore, a detailed knowledge of absorption properties of absorber coating materials used is necessary. Plasma-sprayed mixed oxide coatings are most commonly used in those applications where moderate power density is expected. In this paper, a plane wave absorption model is presented using refractive index and absorption coefficient as internal parameters and incidence angle, polarization, and layer thickness as external parameters. The model has been calculated assuming radiation of 170 GHz, as envisaged for the ITER research facility. Three atmospheric plasma-sprayed coating materials were considered in this work: titanium dioxide (TiO2), chromium oxide (Cr2O3), and a mixed aluminum-titanium oxide Al2O3-TiO2 (40/60). Theoretical results are compared with free wave measurements with two antennas. Different coating thicknesses have been prepared and measured in different polarization and incidence angles. Results are discussed regarding polarization, incidence angle, layer thickness, absorption coefficient, and refractive index.
Parents’ Willingness to Pay for Bilingualism: Evidence from Spain
Authors: Vega-Bayo Ainhoa , Mariel Petr 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe analyse parental school preferences in two contiguous provinces of northern Spain, which offer very different school choices since only one of them is bilingual. Basque-Spanish bilingualism affects the school system, labour market, and, consequently, family budgets in the Basque Country. In Cantabria, Spanish is the only official language, and English is the second language typically offered in the school system. Using two discrete choice experiments applied to school choice, we estimate parents’ willingness to pay for different school characteristics in the two areas. We find that the most highly valued school characteristic in both areas is the language of instruction, but in the Basque Country, where the minority language indirectly has a wage premium in the local labour market, its importance relative to other characteristics is more salient.
Benchmarking household storm surge risk perceptions to scientific models in the Philippines
Authors: Opdyke Aaron , Chiang Desmond , Tsang Anthony , Smyth Jacob 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHousehold perceptions of hazards play an important role in mobilizing efforts for disaster risk reduction. This research aimed to examine perceptions of storm surge in the Philippines through a case study of the Municipality of Carigara located in the province of Leyte. Surveys from 1,093 households were collected asking about perceived storm surge exposure. Building vulnerability indicators were combined with storm surge inundation models and household perceptions to compare differences in storm surge risk. More than half of households in modelled inundation zones either did not know their exposure or believed they were not exposed to 2-m surge heights and above. While there was alignment between modelled and perceived risk of low-level storm surge events, our results show a significant disconnect between household perceptions and probabilistic models for larger storm surge inundation events, pointing to continued gaps in storm surge knowledge in the Philippines.
Iron absorption and phosphate-lowering effects of ferric citrate hydrate are not influenced by gastric acid secretion inhibitors in patients with chronic kidney disease: a retrospective post hoc analysis
Authors: Ito Kyoko , Yokoyama Keitaro 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Ferric citrate hydrate (FC), an oral iron product is approved as iron preparation for iron deficiency anemia and phosphate binder for chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated whether gastric acid secretion inhibitors (GASI) influenced on iron absorption and phosphate-lowering effects of FC.

Methods
Two phase 3 studies of FC for treatment of hyperphosphatemia in CKD patients (non-dialysis-dependent, 12 weeks, and hemodialysis, 52 weeks), were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into with or without concomitant GASI and levels of iron- and phosphate-related parameters were analyzed.

Results
In non-dialysis study (FC, 60 patients; placebo, 30 patients), 14 FC patients and 14 placebo patients used GASI. No significant differences were found between the FC and placebo groups for adjusted mean differences (95% CI) of changes from baseline to end of treatment (EOT) in serum ferritin [104.84 ng/mL (35.97, 173.71) with GASI vs 145.30 ng/mL (96.34, 194.25) without GASI, P = 0.34], and transferrin saturation (TSAT) [12.56% (− 0.83, 25.95) with GASI vs 18.56% (8.15, 28.98) without GASI, P = 0.49]. In hemodialysis study, 95/180 patients used GASI. Mean changes (SD) from baseline to EOT in serum ferritin were 166.32 ng/mL (153.70) with GASI and 155.16 ng/mL (139.47) without GASI, and for TSAT were 16.60% (19.44) with GASI and 16.02% (18.81) without GASI. In both studies, there were no differences in the changes from baseline to EOT in serum phosphate between with and without GASI cohorts.

Conclusion
GASI did not influence on the changes in serum ferritin, TSAT and serum phosphate by FC administration.
Travelling-Wave and Asymptotic Analysis of a Multiphase Moving Boundary Model for Engineered Tissue Growth
Authors: Jepson Jacob M. , Fadai Nabil T. , O’Dea Reuben D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe derive a multiphase, moving boundary model to represent the development of tissue in vitro in a porous tissue engineering scaffold. We consider a cell, extra-cellular liquid and a rigid scaffold phase, and adopt Darcy’s law to relate the velocity of the cell and liquid phases to their respective pressures. Cell–cell and cell–scaffold interactions which can drive cellular motion are accounted for by utilising relevant constitutive assumptions for the pressure in the cell phase. We reduce the model to a nonlinear reaction–diffusion equation for the cell phase, coupled to a moving boundary condition for the tissue edge, the diffusivity being dependent on the cell and scaffold volume fractions, cell and liquid viscosities and parameters that relate to cellular motion. Numerical simulations reveal that the reduced model admits three regimes for the evolution of the tissue edge at large time: linear, logarithmic and stationary. Employing travelling-wave and asymptotic analysis, we characterise these regimes in terms of parameters related to cellular production and motion. The results of our investigation allow us to suggest optimal values for the governing parameters, so as to stimulate tissue growth in an engineering scaffold.
3D localization from 2D X-ray projection
Authors: Bertsche Dagmar , Rasche Volker , Rottbauer Wolfgang , Vernikouskaya Ina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Most cardiology procedures are guided using X-ray (XR) fluoroscopy. However, the projective nature of the XR fluoroscopy does not allow for true depth perception as required for safe and efficient intervention guidance in structural heart diseases. For improving guidance, different methods have been proposed often being radiation-intensive, time-consuming, or expensive. We propose a simple 3D localization method based on a single monoplane XR projection using a co-registered centerline model.

Methods
The method is based on 3D anatomic surface models and corresponding centerlines generated from preprocedural imaging. After initial co-registration, 2D working points identified in monoplane XR projections are localized in 3D by minimizing the angle between the projection lines of the centerline points and the working points. The accuracy and reliability of the located 3D positions were assessed in 3D using phantom data and in patient data projected to 2D obtained during placement of embolic protection system in interventional procedures.

Results
With the proposed methods, 2D working points identified in monoplane XR could be successfully located in the 3D phantom and in the patient-specific 3D anatomy. Accuracy in the phantom (3D) resulted in 1.6 mm (± 0.8 mm) on average, and 2.7 mm (± 1.3 mm) on average in the patient data (2D).

Conclusion
The use of co-registered centerline models allows reliable and accurate 3D localization of devices from a single monoplane XR projection during placement of the embolic protection system in TAVR. The extension to different vascular interventions and combination with automatic methods for device detection and registration might be promising.
Activity-related dyspnea in older adults participating in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging
Authors: Verschoor Chris P. , Cakmak Sabit , Lukina Anna O. , Dales Robert E. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Background
Dyspnea is associated with functional impairment and impaired quality of life. There is limited information on the potential risk factors for dyspnea in an older adult population.

Objectives
Among older adults aged 45 to 85 years of age, what sociodemographic, environmental, and disease related factors are correlated with dyspnea?

Design
We used cross-sectional questionnaire data collected on 28,854 participants of the Canadian Longitudinal Study of Aging (CLSA). Multinomial regression was used to assess the independent effect of individual variables adjusting for the other variables of interest.

Key Results
The adjusted odds ratios for dyspnea “walking on flat surfaces” were highest for obesity (OR, 5.71; 95%CI, 4.71-6.93), lung disease (OR, 3.91; 95%CI, 3.41-4.49), and depression (OR, 3.68; 95%CI, 3.15-4.29), and were greater than 2 for lower income, and heart disease. The effect of diabetes remained significant after adjusting for sociodemographics, heart disease and BMI (OR, 1.61; 95%CI, 1.39-1.86). Those with both respiratory disease and depression had a 12.78-fold (95%CI, 10.09-16.19) increased odds of exertional dyspnea, while the corresponding OR for the combination of heart disease and depression was 18.31 (95%CI, 13.4-25.01).

Conclusions
In a community sample of older adults, many correlates of dyspnea exist which have significant independent and combined effects. These factors should be considered in the clinical context where dyspnea is out of proportion to the degree of heart and lung disease. Whether or not diabetes may possibly be a risk factor for dyspnea merits further investigation.
Present and Future Trends of Sustainable Eldercare Services in China
Authors: Marinelli Maurizio , Zhang Jane , Ying Zoe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAgeing population is one of the most fundamental socio-economic transformations of the twenty-first century, with significant policy implications. China, the world’s most populous nation, is no exception. The necessity for cost-effective, culture-appropriate and sustainable eldercare services is one of the Government’s priorities, in both present and future. This research uses a focus-group interviews methodology to explore sustainable models of eldercare services through an in-depth comparative analysis of care demands and service provision in two Chinese cities. The study reflects a prevailing trend of the integrated-care service mix in line with the United Nations’ five most relevant Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 1, 3, 5, 10, 11) for older adults. In addition to the 7Ps of the service marketing mix, this article highlights the particular importance of ‘Partnership’ in sustainable care delivery in China. The past-present-future scenario and the thematic analysis of older adults’ pattern-matching add two unique dimensions to population ageing and eldercare studies: ‘People’ and ‘Partnership’.
Mechanosensitive Ion Channel TMEM63A Gangs Up with Local Macrophages to Modulate Chronic Post-amputation Pain
Authors: Pu Shaofeng , Wu Yiyang , Tong Fang , Du Wan-Jie , Liu Shuai , Yang Huan , Zhang Chen , Zhou Bin , Chen Ziyue , Zhou Xiaomeng , Han Qingjian , Du Dongping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPost-amputation pain causes great suffering to amputees, but still no effective drugs are available due to its elusive mechanisms. Our previous clinical studies found that surgical removal or radiofrequency treatment of the neuroma at the axotomized nerve stump effectively relieves the phantom pain afflicting patients after amputation. This indicated an essential role of the residual nerve stump in the formation of chronic post-amputation pain (CPAP). However, the molecular mechanism by which the residual nerve stump or neuroma is involved and regulates CPAP is still a mystery. In this study, we found that nociceptors expressed the mechanosensitive ion channel TMEM63A and macrophages infiltrated into the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons worked synergistically to promote CPAP. Histology and qRT-PCR showed that TMEM63A was mainly expressed in mechanical pain-producing non-peptidergic nociceptors in the DRG, and the expression of TMEM63A increased significantly both in the neuroma from amputated patients and the DRG in a mouse model of tibial nerve transfer (TNT). Behavioral tests showed that the mechanical, heat, and cold sensitivity were not affected in the Tmem63a-/- mice in the naïve state, suggesting the basal pain was not affected. In the inflammatory and post-amputation state, the mechanical allodynia but not the heat hyperalgesia or cold allodynia was significantly decreased in Tmem63a-/- mice. Further study showed that there was severe neuronal injury and macrophage infiltration in the DRG, tibial nerve, residual stump, and the neuroma-like structure of the TNT mouse model, Consistent with this, expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β all increased dramatically in the DRG. Interestingly, the deletion of Tmem63a significantly reduced the macrophage infiltration in the DRG but not in the tibial nerve stump. Furthermore, the ablation of macrophages significantly reduced both the expression of Tmem63a and the mechanical allodynia in the TNT mouse model, indicating an interaction between nociceptors and macrophages, and that these two factors gang up together to regulate the formation of CPAP. This provides a new insight into the mechanisms underlying CPAP and potential drug targets its treatment.
Cortical Mechanisms of Multisensory Linear Self-motion Perception
Authors: Zhou Luxin , Gu Yong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAccurate self-motion perception, which is critical for organisms to survive, is a process involving multiple sensory cues. The two most powerful cues are visual (optic flow) and vestibular (inertial motion). Psychophysical studies have indicated that humans and nonhuman primates integrate the two cues to improve the estimation of self-motion direction, often in a statistically Bayesian-optimal way. In the last decade, single-unit recordings in awake, behaving animals have provided valuable neurophysiological data with a high spatial and temporal resolution, giving insight into possible neural mechanisms underlying multisensory self-motion perception. Here, we review these findings, along with new evidence from the most recent studies focusing on the temporal dynamics of signals in different modalities. We show that, in light of new data, conventional thoughts about the cortical mechanisms underlying visuo-vestibular integration for linear self-motion are challenged. We propose that different temporal component signals may mediate different functions, a possibility that requires future studies.
Differential skeletal preservation between sexes: a diachronic study in Milan over 2000 years
Authors: Biehler-Gomez Lucie , Mattia Mirko , Mondellini Marta , Palazzolo Luca , Cattaneo Cristina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A recurring observation in the literature is that females tend to be less represented than males in osteological collections. How can we explain such observations? Do female skeletons preserve less well than their male counterparts? In this study, 200 skeletons from the Collezione Antropologica LABANOF (CAL), equally divided between sexes, were selected from four archaeological sites of Milan, representing a continuum of about 2000 years. The state of preservation was analyzed according to three criteria: quantity, quality, and integrity. Linear model and ANOVA statistical analyses were performed using R software. As a result, females tend to be less complete than males, regardless of age-at-death or post-mortem interval (PMI). Preservation also showed lower values as PMI increased, except for the medieval sample, which may be explained by soil taphonomy and/or general poor bone health. This is one of the few studies to demonstrate a differential skeletal preservation between sexes, supporting bone mineral density as a major factor of bone survival. Further studies may strengthen our results and confirm the trends observed in this paper.
Enhanced formulation for the Guillotine 2D Cutting Knapsack Problem
Authors: Becker Henrique , Araújo Olinto , Buriol Luciana S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe advance the state of the art in Mixed-Integer Linear Programming formulations for Guillotine 2D Cutting Problems by (i) adapting a previously-known reduction to our preprocessing phase (plate-size normalization) and by (ii) enhancing a previous formulation (PP-G2KP from Furini et alli) by cutting down its size and symmetries. Our focus is the Guillotine 2D Knapsack Problem with orthogonal and unrestricted cuts, constrained demand, unlimited stages, and no rotation – however, the formulation may be adapted to many related problems. The code is available. Concerning the set of 59 instances used to benchmark the original formulation, the enhanced formulation takes about 4 hours to solve all instances while the original formulation takes 12 hours to solve 53 of them (the other six runs hit a three-hour time limit each). We integrate, to both formulations, a pricing framework proposed for the original formulation; the enhanced formulation keeps a significant advantage in this situation. Finally, in a recently proposed set of 80 harder instances, the enhanced formulation (with and without the pricing framework) found: 22 optimal solutions (5 already known, 17 new); better lower bounds for 25 instances; better upper bounds for 58 instances.