bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aplicación del método Delphi en el diseño de un marco para el aprendizaje por competencias
Authors: Sánchez-Tarazaga Lucía , Ferrández-Berrueco Reina 
Published: January 2022

The aim of this research is to design and validate a competency-based education framework both for university and basic education students. For this purpose, the Delphi method was used, in which a total of 16 expert teachers participated in two consecutive rounds. Quantitative techniques were combined in data analysis through indicators such as Fleiss’ kappa and CVR and CVI from Lawshe’s model, with qualitative techniques through content analysis and the use of ATLAS.ti. The results confirm the suitability, relevance, and clarity of the five dimensions proposed in the model, with a very high degree of agreement among judges (Kappa and CVI above 0.96). It is concluded that the model presented is fully valid and accessible to teachers and allows for progress in the understanding and implementation of competency-based education.
El objetivo de esta investigación es diseñar y validar un marco para el aprendizaje por competencias del alumnado universitario y de educación básica. Para ello, se utilizó el método Delphi en el que participaron un total de 16 personas expertas en dos rondas consecutivas. En el análisis de datos se combinaron técnicas cuantitativas a través de indicadores como Kappa de Fleiss y CVR y CVI del modelo de Lawshe, con cualitativas mediante el análisis de contenido y el uso del ATLAS.ti. Los resultados confirman la pertinencia, relevancia y claridad de las cinco dimensiones propuestas en el modelo, con un grado de acuerdo entre jueces muy alto (Kappa y CVI por encima de 0,96). Se concluye que el marco presentado es plenamente válido y accesible para el profesorado y permite avanzar en la comprensión e implementación del aprendizaje por competencias.
Effective asexual reproduction of a widespread soft coral: comparative assessment of four different fragmentation methods
Authors: Kim Sohyoung , Wild Christian , Tilstra Arjen 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundMany coral reefs worldwide are experiencing declines in hard corals, resulting in other benthic organisms,e.g., soft corals, becoming more dominant. As such, more studies on the ecophysiology of soft corals are needed. Despite many methods for asexual reproduction of hard corals, effective methods for soft corals,i.e., without a hard skeleton, are scarce. This study, thus, assessed four fragmentation methods, the glue, rubber band, tunnel mesh, and plug mesh method for the pulsating soft coralXenia umbellatathat is widely distributed in the tropical Indo-Pacific.MethodsMethods were comparatively assessed by determining the required time and labor for the fragmentation plus the health status of the fragmented corals by measuring their oxygen fluxes and pulsation rates,i.e., a special feature of this soft coral that can be used as a proxy for its health.ResultsThere were no significant health status differences between methods. This was indicated by similar gross photosynthesis (between 7.4 to 9.7 μg O2polyp−1h−1) and pulsating rates (between 35 and 44 pulses min−1) among methods. In terms of time/labor intensity and success rates,i.e., the percentage of fragments attached to the desired surface, the plug mesh method was the most efficient method with a significantly higher success rate (95 ± 5%), while the others had a success rate between 5 ± 5 and 45 ± 15%. The time needed for fragmentation, though not significant, was also the shortest (78 ± 11 s fragment−1), while other methods required between 84 ± 14 and 126 ± 8 s frag−1. The plug mesh method may thus be a valuable tool related to the reproduction of soft corals for use in subsequent experimental work.
A novel nutritional index as a predictor of mortality in dilated cardiomyopathy: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Can , Qing Yali , Chen Wuxian , Li Gaoye 
Published: January 2022

Background
Research has associated nutritional status with the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of a novel nutritional index, triglycerides × total cholesterol × body weight index (TCBI), in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).

Methods
This retrospective cohort study enrolled 445 patients with DCM. The median follow-up period was 2.8 years, and the primary endpoint was all-cause death.

Results
During follow-up, the all-cause mortality was observed in 135 out of 445 patients (30.3%). In Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, the third TCBI tertile had a lower mortality risk (T3 vs. T2 vs. T1: 16.9% vs. 35.1% vs. 38.9%; log-rank P < 0.001). In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, patients in the third tertile were associated with a decreased mortality, whereas there was no significant difference between the T2 and T1 groups. Moreover, TCBI could significantly improve risk stratification (continuous net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement) over the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP).

Conclusions
TCBI is independently associated with long-term survival in patients with DCM. Combination of TCBI and other biomarkers, such as GNRI and NT-proBNP, can significantly improve prognostic prediction. Further studies with larger sample size are required to validate our results.
Reconstructing the transmission dynamics of varicella in Japan: an elevation of age at infection
Authors: Suzuki Ayako , Nishiura Hiroshi 
Published: January 2022

Background
In Japan, routine two-dose immunization against varicella has been conducted among children at ages of 12 and 36 months since 2014, and the vaccination coverage has reached around 90%. To understand the impact of routine varicella vaccination, we reconstructed the epidemiological dynamics of varicella in Japan.

Methods
Epidemiological and demographic datasets over the past three decades were analyzed to reconstruct the number of susceptible individuals by age and year. To estimate the annual risk of varicella infection, we fitted a balance equation model to the annual number of cases from 1990 to 2019. Using parameter estimates, we reconstructed varicella dynamics starting from 1990 and modeled future dynamics until 2033.

Results
Overall varicella incidence declined over time and the annual risk of infection among children younger than 10 years old decreased monotonically starting in 2014. Conversely, varicella incidence among teenagers (age 10 to 14 years) has increased each year since 2014. A substantial number of unvaccinated individuals born before the routine immunization era remained susceptible and aged without contracting varicella, while the annual risk of infection among teenagers aged 10 to 14 years increased starting in 2011 despite gradual expansion of varicella vaccine coverage. The number of susceptible individuals decreased over time in all age groups. Modeling indicated that susceptibility rates among pre-school children aged 1 to 4 years will remain low.

Conclusion
Routine varicella vaccination has successfully reduced infections in pre-school and early primary school age children, but has also resulted in increased infection rates among adolescents. This temporary increase was caused both by the increased age of susceptible individuals and increased transmission risk among adolescents resulting from the dynamic nature of varicella transmission. Monitoring susceptibility among adolescents will be important to prevent outbreaks over the next decade.
Segmentation of multi-temporal polarimetric SAR data based on mean-shift and spectral graph partitioning
Authors: Wang Caiqiong , Zhao Lei , Zhang Wangfei , Mu Xiyun , Li Shitao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) image segmentation is a key step in its interpretation. For the targets with time series changes, the single-temporal PolSAR image segmentation algorithm is difficult to provide correct segmentation results for its target recognition, time series analysis and other applications. For this, a new algorithm for multi-temporal PolSAR image segmentation is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the over-segmentation of single-temporal PolSAR images is carried out by the mean-shift algorithm, and the over-segmentation results of single-temporal PolSAR are combined to get the over-segmentation results of multi-temporal PolSAR images. Secondly, the edge detectors are constructed to extract the edge information of single-temporal PolSAR images and fuse them to get the edge fusion results of multi-temporal PolSAR images. Then, the similarity measurement matrix is constructed based on the over-segmentation results and edge fusion results of multi-temporal PolSAR images. Finally, the normalized cut criterion is used to complete the segmentation of multi-temporal PolSAR images. The performance of the proposed algorithm is verified based on three temporal PolSAR images of Radarsat-2, and compared with the segmentation algorithm of single-temporal PolSAR image. Experimental results revealed the following findings: (1) The proposed algorithm effectively realizes the segmentation of multi-temporal PolSAR images, and achieves ideal segmentation results. Moreover, the segmentation details are excellent, and the region consistency is good. The objects which can’t be distinguished by the single-temporal PolSAR image segmentation algorithm can be segmented. (2) The segmentation accuracy of the proposed multi-temporal algorithm is up to 86.5%, which is significantly higher than that of the single-temporal PolSAR image segmentation algorithm. In general, the segmentation result of proposed algorithm is closer to the optimal segmentation. The optimal segmentation of farmland parcel objects to meet the needs of agricultural production is realized. This lays a good foundation for the further interpretation of multi-temporal PolSAR image.
Efficacy of Mobilization with Movement in Patients with Colles’ Fracture: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Biswas Vishista , Srivastava Saumya , Mittal Harramb 
Published: January 2022

Background: Fracture of the distal radius or Colles’ Fracture mainly occurs due to fall on an outstretched hand and Physiotherapy plays an indispensable role in preventing postoperative complication namely hand stiffness. Mulligan concept of mobilization is a specific form of manual therapy technique that embraces skilled movements which is used to mobilize or manipulate soft tissues and joints with the target to improve tissue extensibility, increase in range of motion of joints, foster relaxation and reduce tissue swelling/ inflammation.
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of Mulligan concept of mobilization with movement technique and conventional physiotherapy treatment following postsurgical Colles’ Fracture in terms of range of motion and functional activities.
Methods: A total number of 36 patients were recruited for the study. They were divided into two groups: group I and group II. Group I (n= 18) was given mobilization with movement (MWM) along with wax bath and group II (n=18) was given conventional physiotherapy along with wax bath. The interventions were given for 7 days. The value of goniometer and Michigan hand outcome questionnaire (MHOQ) were taken both at baseline and after 7 days of interventions.
Results: After intervention, there were no significant differences between the groups as the collected information was summarized by using frequency percentage, for qualitative data; and mean, the standard deviation, Median and Inter Quartile Range (IQR) for quantitative data. To compare the difference in proportion Chi square test was used. To compare the ROM and Michigan Hand Outcome Questionnaire between two groups Independent sample t-test was used. Within the group comparison was analysed by using paired t-test. The p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant for the study.
Discussion: This study showed consistent with the previous studies as there was a significant improvement in the range of motion and hand functions between and within the groups.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that both the treatments are equally effective.
Relationship between Anorexia Nervosa and Less Weight: A Medication Treatment Analysis
Authors: Sharma Akshita , Borse Samruddhi , Anjankar Ashish 
Published: January 2022

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder causing people to obsess about weight and what they eat. It is a characterized by a distorted body image with a fear of overweight. This causes abnormally low body weight. People with anorexia has an intense fear of gaining weight and distorted perception of weight. It mainly of two types-

I) RESTRICTING- where person loses weight by severe limitation of food intake.
ii) BEINGE/PURINGING- in which there are periods of food intake that are compensated by self induced vomiting, laxative or diuretic abuse or excessive exercise.

Signs maybe behavioral or physical like obsessing about weight, weight gain fears, eating only low calorie food, bloated, constipated, irritable, distracted and not able to concentrate.
It is prevalent in young women and teenage girls. People consider anorexia nervosa in connection with females but it can affect people of any sex or gender. Master agreement is for intricate, broad, long haul medicines that utilization a comprehension of the brain Physiology, precise standards and methods acquired from persuasive support treatment and argumentative conduct treatment. These therapies ought to be acted in various settings that meet the degree of power and level of management and clinical consideration required. There is a need to arrange crafted by a wide scope of clinical and mental administrations which frequently don’t cooperate. Due to the age bunch included and the also time span included, patient consideration frequently goes through many changes. This is the pinnacle of backslide and decompensation.
Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular First Premolars using Radiography: An in vitro study
Authors: Jakhrani Irshad Hussain , Memon Mahwish , Javed Sana , Qureshi Azizullah Muhammad Nawaz , Memon Aosaf Anwar , Banglani Munir Ahmed , Shams Salman 
Published: January 2022

Objective: The goal of this study was to document the Root Canal morphology of the first mandibular premolars using radiography.
Materials and Methods: The trial took place at the LUMHS Operative Dentistry Department. Two hundred removed permanent mandibular first premolars that met all of the study's inclusion criteria were gathered from LUMHS Jamshoro/Hyderabad and nearby private dental clinics in Hyderabad. All debris, soft tissues, and calculus were removed from the teeth, which were then preserved in a 10% formalin solution. Each tooth's length was measured from the crown's tip to the root's apex. An removed tooth, on the other hand, was examined from all angles, including buccal, lingual, and proximal. Root concavities and grooves, as well as bifurcation and apical curvature, were found.
Results: Comparison between both views showed 189 teeth have 1 root in and 186 have 1 canal in buccolingual view, while 182 teeth have 1 root and 179 have 1 canal in mesiodistal view. 11 teeth on buccolingual and 18 teeth on mesiodistal view showed 2 roots and 14 teeth on buccolingual and 21 teeth on mesiodistal view showed 2 canals. 110 teetj showed type I canal pattern.
Conclusion: It is concluded that mandibular first premolar teeth have a wide range of radicular traits, with the majority of them having one root and one canal.
Gender Determination using Gonial Angle - A Panoramic Study among South Indian Population
Authors: Moharana Prateeksha , Prathap Lavanya , Lakshmanan Ganesh 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Sex determination is a valuable and important factor in the forensic dentistry. Mandible has several useful traits for sex determination. Forensic practitioners study this by two methods: morphological and metrical analyses. Among various methods, the gonial angle may be used to differentiate male and female strongly to express sexual dimorphism.
Aim: To analyse the gender determination using gonial angle as panoramic study among south indian population.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted among 200 individuals. Gonial angle is a measurement taken by measuring the angle between the 2 tangents from the gonion.As a standard procedure, measurement of right gonial angle and left gonial angle were carried out by Adobe Photoshop and the results were recorded and analysed statistically using SPSS tool.
Results: The mean right gonial angle for males is 95.25 and for females is 95.22 The mean left gonial angle for males is 95.39 and for females is 95.15. The significance of the right gonial angle is P=0.874 and significance of the left gonial angle is P= 0.147. The total mean value for right gonial angle was found to be 95.23 and for left gonial angle is 95.27. Therefore, there was no significant difference found between the right and left gonial angle.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, there is no statistically significant difference observed between males and females in the gonial angle measurements. The Gonial angle measurements can be used to determine the gender and the growth pattern of the mandible. Measurement of gonial angle has its own surgical importance too in the field of orthodontics and therefore future studies should be carried out using larger samples to get reliable results.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practise about Beneficial and Harmful effects of Diet Soda
Authors: Fathima Faaizah , Devi R. Gayatri , Priya A. Jothi 
Published: January 2022

Background and Aim: Soda or light drinks are sugar free and don't contain calories. Artificial sweeteners such as aspartame drastically affect our health by causing various diseases like stroke etc. The main aim of this study is to determine the level of knowledge possessed about diet soda and their attitude towards it.
Materials and Methods: A Cross sectional survey was conducted among dental populations with a sample size of 102. A self administered, structured questionnaire was prepared based on knowledge, attitude and practice about diet soda and consisted of 10 questions. It was circulated to the participants through Google forms. The statistics were done using SPSS software, a chi-square test was used to check the association and the ‘p’ value of 0.05 was said to be statistically significant.
Results: From this survey it was inferred that 81.37% people find diet soda unhealthy whereas 18.63% felt it isn't healthy. 56.86% felt it contained calories but 43.14% felt it didn't. Around 61.76% think that artificial sweeteners will lead to more headaches whereas 38.24% felt it won't cause headaches.
Conclusion: This study revealed that many people have little knowledge and are unaware of the consequences of diet soda. Therefore this study may help to gain wide knowledge about diet soda and also help them to change their attitude towards it.
Determination of Risk Factors for DCIS Ductal in-situ Carcinoma of Mammary Gland
Authors: Bang Aneesh , Nagpure Shailesh 
Published: January 2022

Mammary gland is altered gland present in skin whose main function in females is that it acts as a lactating gland while in males it is non-functional. When the sample of tissue of mammary gland is observed under microscope it was found that there are 2 major types of tissues which are present. These tissues are epithelial and stromal tissues. The epithelial component of the breast consists of 2 major parts: terminal duct-lobular unit (TDLU) which performs the main secretory function during lactation, and large duct system which performs the function of collection and drainage of secretions; both are interconnected to each other. During the menstrual age of a female patient there are different number of tissues (connective and adipose) is present in the mammary gland these tissues mainly perform as the support system for the mammary gland. Acini, ducts, and lobule are enclosed in intralobular stroma and is mainly formed of connective tissue(loose) myxomatous stroma and some dispersed lymphocyte. The ductal carcinoma is very serious Pathology of breast which is now a major concern in developed country and to a certain extent in developing countries also. There are many major risk factors which are responsible for the same. Some may be of lifestyle based or of genetic based. The treatment for the disease is now possible with advancement in the medical science.
Purpose for this review article is: Determine the cause affecting factors influencing factors and pathos physiological background of development of DCIS also to describe the gene involved in alteration of cell to enhance tumorous growth and the treatment therapy involved alongside the disease.
Urolithiasis Presenting as Right Flank Pain
Authors: Umare Vipul , Sheikh Shabanam N. , Umate Roshan , Mahatme Chetan 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Urolithiasis is a term that refers to the formation of calculi or stones in the urinary tract. Calcifications arise in the urinary system, generally in the kidneys or ureters, but they can also damage the bladder and/or urethra. It's a prevalent ailment that leads to a high number of hospital visits. It is generally avoidable by modifying risk factors, and there are a variety of treatment methods available. Clinicians should be aware of the signs, symptoms, potential consequences, and therapeutic suggestions. In urolithiasis, diagnostic imaging techniques such as double-contrast cystography, ultrasonography, radiography, and, potentially, computed tomography are used.
Presenting Complaints and Investigations: A 50-year-old male was admitted in AVBRH on 13/02/2021 with chief complaints of severe pain in the side, which spread to the lower abdomen and groin, pain in urination, nausea, vomiting for 15 days. Investigations included hematology and radiological tests including Hemoglobin 7.5 gm/dl, Sodium: 19.1 mg/dl, creatinine: 5.4 mg, calcium: 11.5 mg/dl. Urine analysis, cystoscopy, ultrasound, KFT, LFT were carried out.
Main Diagnosis: Urolithiasis.
Therapeutic Interventions: Included Tab. Ibuprofen, Syp. Cystone.
Conclusion: Urolithiasis is harder to treat in the aged since they have more complications and become less likely to show with classical renal colic complaints. This could result in a later presentation with larger, more complicated stones. Individuals with significant back and flank discomfort should consider acute care and preventive efforts in patients with renal calculi, as it might lead to hydro nephrosis and kidney failure.