bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KAYU KUKU (Pericopsis mooniana) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PUPUK NPK
Authors: Hernanda Andini Dyah , Pujawati Eny Dwi , Fitriani Adistina 
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the percentage of nail wood seedlings and to determine the effect of the concentration of NPK fertilizer on the growth of nail wood seedlings. Parameters used include plant height, plant diameter, plant health. Based on the results of the study, the percentage of survival for nail wood grew medium success, namely 70% with 28 live seedlings from 40 seedlings, the highest percentage of survival was found in the NPK fertilizer dose of 7gr (80%) and the smallest was found in the control (60%). The increase in nail wood height with the highest value was in the treatment (2.5gr) with an average value of 3.9cm and the lowest value was found in the control. The diameter of the nail wood has the highest value at 5gr with an average value of 0.9cm increase. The increase in the number of leaves was not significantly different between the controls, 2.5gr, 5gr, and 7.5gr because the average leaf growth was 3 strandsAdapun maksud percobaan ini ialah demi memahami keuntungan semai kayu kuku serta mengetahui kontrol konsentrasi Pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan semai kayu kuku. Parameter yang digunakan diantaranya, tinggi tanaman, diameter tanaman, kesehatan tanaman. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian Persentase hidup kayu kuku tumbuh keberhasilan sedang yaitu 70% dengan 28 bibit yang hidup dari 40 bibit, persentase hidup tertinggi terdapat pada dosis pupuk NPK 7gr (80%) dan yang terkecil terdapat pada Kontrol (60%). Pertambahan tinggi kayu kuku dengan nilai tertinggi yaitu pada perlakuan (2,5gr) dengan nilai rata-rata 3.9cm dan nilai terendah terdapat pada kontrol. Diameter kayu kuku nilai tertinggi pada 5gr dengan nilai rata-rata pertambahan 0.9cm. Pertambahan jumlah daun tidak berbeda nyata antara kontrol, 2,5gr, 5gr, 7,5gr karena pertumbuhan daunnya rata-rata 3 helai.
Teacher Education Students’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge: Retooling the Mentorship Process Within Schools of Education in Kenya
Authors: Opiyo Rose Atieno 
Published: July 2022

The impact of globalization has brought changes to education which requires teachers to demonstrate practical pedagogical wisdom in critical features of teaching, namely: the subject matter being taught, the classroom context, and the physical and psychological characteristics of the students, that is, Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK). High level of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) leads to delivery of high-quality instruction in today’s highly contextualized classroom settings and has the potential of producing learners who are prepared for a competitive society. However, teachers’ lack of PCK has been identified as a pervasive problem all over the world. In Kenya, it has been highly linked to the recurrence of poor performance in local and internal competitive examinations, poor attitudes in some subjects, and lack of motivation for continuous learning among school-age children along the education continuum. Even so, the voice of student teachers and that of the school practice advisors, at the center and apex of this mentorship process in the Universities, has been largely ignored in transformative teacher education discourse. Guided by literature on transformative teacher education, student teacher mentorship, and reflective pedagogy, this paper presents the perspectives of 50 Student Teachers (STs) and 10 School Practice Advisors. STs confidence in special teaching methods courses, pedagogical content competence in teaching both independently and collaboratively, key areas of concern for PCK improvement, and practical strategies for PCK mentorship were the focus. Based on a qualitative and an interpretive research paradigm, the sentiments of 50 STs who participated in the May-August, 2017 School Practice as well as the views of 10 School Practice Advisors (SPAs) from the School Education (SEDU) of Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology were sought. Based on four domains of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) which include Subject Matter Knowledge (SMK), Knowledge of Curriculum (KoC) and Knowledge of Learners (KoL), and Knowledge of Pedagogies (KoP), the paper provides insights for teacher educators and University Management on areas that need further improvement and strategies for developing beginning teachers’ PCK practices.
Kajian Literature: STEM dalam Pembelajaran Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Wardani Rizki Putri , Ardhyantama Vit 
Published: July 2022

Pembelajaran STEM merupakan hal yang baru bagi guru di Sekolah Dasar. STEM merupakan hasil pengintegrasian dari Science, Technology, Engineering, dan Mathematic. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesiapan yang akan dihadapi oleh guru Sekolah Dasar jika mengimplementasikan STEM di Sekolah Dasar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah literature review atau tinjauan pustaka meliputi google scholar dan scopus. Kriteria artikel yang dipilih ialah tebit tahun 2016-2021. Didapatkan 15 artikel yang susai dengan kriteria yang diinginkan dan tidak meluas dari topik. Analisis dari 15 artikel menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran STEM bisa dilakukan di Sekolah Dasar sesuai dengan kurikulum 2103. Di Indonesia STEM sudah menjadi trend di pembelajaran saat ini, namun minimnya pengetehuan dari guru untuk menggunakan dan kurang tahunya manfaat yang didapatkan. STEM merupakan jawaban atas tantangan abad 21 yang diharapkan menguasai kemampuan 4C yaitu critical, creativity, comunication, dan, collaboration. Kurangnya pengetahuan dan banyaknya manfaat yang ada pada pembelajaran STEM di Indonesia khususnya guru Sekolah Dasar, maka diperlukan pelatihan dan bimbingan kepada guru Sekolah Dasar agar bisa mengaplikasikan pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar.
The Strategies Used to Overcome the Code Mixing Phenomenon of Multilingual Students Daily Interaction in Islamic Girl Boarding School of Al-Mawaddah
Authors: Ulfiah Nursita Fathichatul , Hafidah Agustina Sri , Apriyanti Chusna 
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi yang digunakan untuk mengatasi code-
mixing dalam interaksi sehari-hari santri di Pondok Pesantren Al-Mawaddah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan dari kuesioner lembar kertas dari 12 manajer bahasa CLI dan LAC yang aktif di Pesantren Al-Mawaddah. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan November-Desember 2020. Setelah terkumpul, peneliti mengklasifikasikan strategi yang digunakan oleh manajer dan menampilkan datanya. Hasilnya menunjukkan lima strategi yang direncanakan oleh pengelola bahasa: meningkatkan kosakata harian tertulis dan ekspresi khas, menggunakan bahasa relevan yang benar, meningkatkan kosakata bahasa gaul untuk menggantikan fenomena code-mixing, dan memutar film atau kartun asli bahasa Inggris dan mengadakan kompetisi bahasa. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengelola bahasa harus secara signifikan mengubah strategi yang tepat untuk mengatasi masalah code-mixing.
Fiabilidad en la detección de las superficies selladas empleando datos del programa Copernicus
Authors: Illán-Fernández Emilio José , Pérez-Morales Alfredo , Romero-Díaz Asunción 
Published: July 2022

Durante los últimos 50 años se han producido cambios significativos en las cubiertas y usos del suelo, principalmente aquellos catalogados como artificiales. Este proceso, y su generalización a escala global, afectan de forma directa a las funciones básicas del suelo, acrecentando otros problemas como pueden ser la pérdida de biodiversidad, contaminación, degradación edáfica, inundaciones, o los efectos del cambio climático. En el área de estudio (Mazarrón, Región de Murcia) el problema anterior resulta ejemplar: el binomio desarrollo urbano asociado al turismo de sol y playa y la agricultura intensiva (bajo invernaderos) alteran de forma drástica la naturaleza del suelo. El objetivo es establecer un modelo de clasificación supervisada que distinga, con un error asumible, las distintas clases establecidas, destacando sobre todas ellas las que supongan superficies sellantes y, además, realizar una comparación con la información del último Corine Land Cover disponible (2018). Para ello, se seleccionaron imágenes del satélite Sentinel 2A y se ejecutó una clasificación de máxima verosimilitud. Para validar los resultados, se elaboró una matriz de confusión en la que se obtuvo una precisión general del 89 %. Finalmente, se observó una subestimación significativa, por parte del Corine Land Cover, del 75 % de las superficies selladas debido a su resolución.
Associations of the COVID-19 Pandemic with the Reported Incidence of Important Endemic Infectious Disease Agents and Syndromes in Pakistan
Authors: Missaghi Bayan , Malik Muhammad Wasif , Shaukat Waseem , Ranjha Muazam Abbas , Ikram Aamer , Barkema Herman 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Persons in Pakistan have suffered from various infectious diseases over the years, each impacted by various factors including climate change, seasonality, geopolitics, and resource availability. The COVID-19 pandemic is another complicating factor, with changes in the reported incidence of endemic infectious diseases and related syndromes under surveillance.
Methods
We assessed the monthly incidence of 8 important infectious diseases/syndromes: acute respiratory infection (ARI), viral hepatitis, malaria, pneumonia, diarrhea, typhoid fever, measles, and neonatal tetanus (NNT), before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Administrative health data of monthly reported cases of these diseases/syndromes from all 5 provinces/regions of Pakistan for a 3-y interval (March 2018 – February 2021) were analyzed using an interrupted time series approach. Reported monthly incidence for each infectious disease agent or syndrome and COVID-19 were subjected to time series visualization. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between each infectious disease/syndrome and COVID-19 was calculated and median case numbers of each disease before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic were compared using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Subsequently, a generalized linear negative binomial regression model was developed to determine the association between reported cases of each disease and COVID-19.
Results
In late February 2020, concurrent with the start of COVID-19, in all provinces, there were decreases in the reported incidence of the following diseases: ARI, pneumonia, hepatitis, diarrhea, typhoid, and measles. In contrast, the incidence of COVID was negatively associated with the reported incidence of NNT only in Punjab and Sindh, but not in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Balochistan, or Azad Jammu & Kashmir (AJK) & Gilgit Baltistan (GB). Similarly, COVID-19 was associated with a lowered incidence of malaria in Punjab, Sindh, and AJK & GB, but not in KPK and Balochistan.
Conclusions
COVID-19 was associated with a decreased reported incidence of most infectious diseases/syndromes studied in most provinces of Pakistan. However, exceptions included NNT in KPK, Balochistan and AJK & GB, and malaria in KPK and Balochistan. This general trend was attributed to a combination of resource diversion, misdiagnosis, misclassification, misinformation, and seasonal patterns of each disease.
RETRACTED: The immune landscape of the “deregulated host response” in sepsis: newly emerging MDSCs leads to B cell suppression
Authors: Zhang Wei , Feng Zhongxue , Xiao Fei , Zhou Yueyue , Zhang Xiaoqi , Kong Lingmiao , Li Tingting , Yao Hua , Li Yao , Li Min , Zhang Haili , Zhou Yue , Ma Chengyong , Guo Jingze , Liao Xuelian , Kang Yan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
UDE-based nonlinear path-following control of autonomous underwater vehicles with multiple uncertainties and input saturation
Authors: Miao Jianming , kankan Deng , Xingyu Sun , Xi Gong , Chao Peng , Tao Liu , Haosu Zhang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A novel nonlinear control scheme is suggested in this research for the path-following (PF) control of an underactuated autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) in the horizontal plane. Firstly, the proper nonlinear models of the underactuated AUV with multiple uncertainties and input saturation are established. The unknown time-varying sideslip angular speed in the PF error dynamic model is treated as the kinematic uncertainty. Also, the linear superposition of parameters uncertainties, environmental perturbations, and other unmodeled dynamics is considered the lumped uncertainty. The above kinematic and lumped dynamic uncertainties are predicted by the uncertainty and disturbance estimator (UDE) approach. Such treatment is to solve the dependence on a precise mathematical model and attain a simpler controller. Secondly, an UDE-based PF controller is proposed via the backstepping frame augmented by the nonlinear tracking differentiator (NTD) and auxiliary dynamical system. The NTD is adopted to prevent the “explosion of complexity” pertinent to the standard backstepping method, and the auxiliary dynamical system is utilized to solve the issue of input saturation. Lastly, the steadiness of the entire enclosed-loop framework is presented. Conducting comprehensive simulations are presented to assess the efficacy and robustness of the devised controlling scheme.
Impact of Telehealth on Blood Pressure Control in Community Health Centers
Authors: Meador Margaret , Coronado Fatima , Roy Debosree , Bay R. Curtis , Lewis Joy H. , Chen Jessica , Cheung Rachel , Utman Christopher , Hannan Judith A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Uncontrolled hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease. To ensure continuity of care, community health centers (CHCs) nationwide implemented virtual care (telehealth) during the pandemic. CHCs use the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) 165v8 Controlling High Blood Pressure measure to report blood pressure (BP) control performance. CMS 165v8 specifications state that if no BP is documented during the measurement period, the patient’s BP is assumed uncontrolled. Objective: To examine trends in BP documentation and control rates in CHCs as telehealth use increased during the pandemic compared with pre-pandemic period. Methods: We assessed documentation of BP measurement and BP control rates from December 2019 - October 2021 among persons ages 18-85 with a diagnosis of hypertension who had an in-person or telehealth encounter in 11 CHCs. Rates were compared between CHCs that did and did not implement self-measured BP monitoring (SMBP). Results: The percent of patients with no documented BP measurement was 0.5% in December 2019 and increased to 15.2% (overall), 25.6% (non-SMBP CHCs), and 11.2% (SMBP CHCs) by October 2021. BP control using CMS 165v8 was 63.5% in December 2019 and decreased to 54.9% (overall), 49.1% (non-SMBP), and 57.2% (SMBP) by October 2021. When assessing BP control only in patients with documented BP measurements, CHCs largely maintained BP control rates (63.8% in December 2019; 64.8% (overall), 66.0% (non-SMBP), and 64.4% (SMBP) by October 2021). Conclusions: The transition away from in-person to telehealth visits during the pandemic likely increased the number of patients with hypertension lacking a documented BP measurement, subsequently negatively impacting BP control using CMS 165v8. There is an urgent need to enhance the flexibility of virtual care, improve EHR data capture capabilities for patient-generated data, and implement expanded policy and systems-level changes for SMBP, an evidence-based strategy that can build patient trust, increase healthcare engagement, and improve hypertension outcomes.
Economic Feasibility of Solar-Powered Reverse Osmosis Water Desalination: A Comparative Systemic Review
Authors: Maftouh Abderrahim , Fatni Omkaltoume El , Bouzekri Siham , Rajabi Fateme , Sillanpää Mika , Butt Muhammad Hammad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Due to disparities in the allocation of rainwater and drought, extreme exploitation of groundwater reservoirs has depleted water supplies in many locations. In addition, improper disposal of domestic and industrial waste leads to poor drainage and deterioration of water quality. According to studies, desalination methods are an effective solution for treating sea and brackish water and making it usable in daily life. Solar-powered desalination has recently received a great deal of attention around the world. Previously, most experimental studies focused on the use of solar energy in traditional desalination methods such as multistage flash and multi-effect distillation. Desalination with reverse osmosis has become popular due membrane technology improvement and benefits like high recovery ratios and low energy consumption. This article aims to comparatively and systematically review the economic feasibility of the use of solar photovoltaic reverse osmosis in desalination in Morocco and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.
Effect of Betaine Supplementation on Production Performance and Serum Antioxidant indices of Nili-Ravi buffaloes during Summer
Authors: Hussain Zakir , Iqbal Zahid , Roohi Nabila , Khan Sirzamin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether feeding betaine (Bet) to lactating Nili-Ravi buffaloes elevates their production performance during the hot and humid climate. Sixty lactating Nili-Ravi buffaloes were randomly divided into four groups: the Control group received a standard concentrates basal diet without Bet, whereas in the treated group the same diet was supplemented with Bet at 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% on DM basis for 12 weeks. All animals received ad libitum amount of Maize fodder. Milk and blood were sampled throughout the experimental period. The results showed that feeding Bet to buffaloes increased (p < 0.05) milk yield at all the three inclusion levels; however, milk composition remained unaffected. There was no difference in production at the three levels. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) in all three treatments and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in Bet 0.2% inclusion level, were higher (p < 0.05) as compared to control. However, malondialdehyde (MDA) was not significantly affected. Inclusion of Bet in concentrate ration of lactating buffalos at 0.2% level on dry matter (DM) basis is recommended as it positively influenced the production and also improved their antioxidant status during summer.
Domestication of different varieties in the cheese-making fungus Geotrichum candidum
Authors: Bennetot Bastien , Vernadet Jean Philippe , Perkins Vincent , Hautefeuille Sophie , Vega Ricardo Rodríguez de la , O'Donnell Samuel , Snirc Alodie , Grondin Cécile , Lessard Marie-Hélène , Peron Anne-Claire , Labrie Steve , Landaud Sophie , Giraud Tatiana , Ropars Jeanne 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Domestication is an excellent model for studying adaptation processes, constituting recent adaptation and diversification, as well as degeneration of unused functions. Geotrichum candidum is a fungus used for cheese-making and is also found in other environments such as soil and plants. By analyzing whole genome data from 98 strains, we found that all strains isolated from cheese formed a monophyletic clade. Within the cheese clade, we identified three differentiated populations and we detected footprints of recombination and hybridization. The genetic diversity in the cheese clade was the lowest but remained high compared to other domesticated fungi, indicating milder bottlenecks. Commercial starter strains were scattered across the cheese clade, not constituting a single clonal lineage. The cheese clade was phenotypically differentiated from other populations, with a slower growth on all media even cheese, a prominent production of attractive cheese flavors and a lower proteolytic activity. Furthermore, cheese populations displayed contrasted phenotypes, with one cheese population producing a typical blue cheese flavor and another one displaying denser and fluffier colonies, excluding more efficiently cheese spoiler fungi. Cheese populations lost two beta lactamase-like genes, involved in xenobiotic clearance, and displayed transposable element expansion, likely due to relaxed selection. Our findings suggest the existence of genuine domestication in G. candidum, which led to diversification into three varieties with contrasted phenotypes. Some of the traits acquired by cheese strains indicate convergence with other, distantly related fungi used for cheese maturation.
Foot trajectory following control of hexapod robot based on Udwadia-Kalaba theory
Authors: Wei Junying , Tao Guosheng , Zhang Jiawei , Yuan Liang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper provides an adaptive robust control strategy for foot trajectory following control of hexapod robot on basis of the Udwadia-Kalaba theory. In this paper, the foot trajectory following control problem of the hexapod robot is transformed into the problem of solving the system control constraint force on basis of the Udwadia-Kalaba theory. Compared with the traditional control strategy, linearization or approximations are not required by using the Udwadia-Kalaba theory for nonlinear system such as the hexapod robot. Due to modeling error, measurement error and the change of working state, the system may have non-ideal initial conditions, vibration interference and other uncertain factors during operation, which affect the control accuracy. An adaptive robust controller is designed for solving uncertainties. Meanwhile, the stability is analyzed by using the second method of Lyapunov function. Finally, the accuracy and stability of the control method proposed are verified by establishing the leg model of the hexapod robot and conducting simulation analysis. The simulation results show that the provided adaptive control process has faster error convergence speed and response speed compared with traditional PID control method.
Interactive relationship between China's Green Investment and Green Ecology—Based on Empirical Research in 30 Provinces
Authors: Peng Ruikun , Yan Weimin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Whether there is an interactive relationship between green investment and green ecology, the current opinions seem to confront each other. This paper employs a panel vector autoregressive model to construct an empirical analysis on China’s provincial panel data from 2005 to 2019. Specifically, generalized moment estimation, impulse response function, variance decomposition and other measurement methods are applied to study the interactive relationship between green investment and green ecological development. The research results show that: (1) The inertial development of the green investment system seriously restricts the progress of green investment levels, and the long-term development of green ecology has a significant self-reinforcing trend. (2) The two-way interaction between green investment and green ecology exhibits a positive spillover effect in the short term, but the positive effect gradually weakens in the long run. (3) The impact of green ecology on green investment is most significant in the interactive relationship, and the positive effect of green ecology on green investment in the western region is the most prominent. Therefore, the government should standardize green investment standards and use policy guidance to promote the regional transfer of green investment and green ecological resources. Financial institutions should appropriately lower the financing threshold for polluting enterprises and municipal construction, and leverage more social funds to flow into long-term green technologies and green industries. Companies should raise awareness of environmental information disclosure, ban outdated production capacity and transition to a cleaner production model in order to obtain support from green funds.