bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD (Student Team Achievement Division) Terhadap Pemahaman Matematis Siswa Ditinjau dari Komunikasi Antar Siswa Kelas VIII SMPN 1 Gangga
Authors: Peni Respialina Peni Respialina , Kristayulita Kristayulita 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD (Student Team Achievement Division) dan model pembelajaran konvensional terhadap pemahaman matematis siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Gangga, (2) untuk mengetahui pengaruh komunikasi antar siswa terhadap pemahaman matematis siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Gangga, (3) untuk mengetahui interaksi pada model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD (Student Team Achievement Division) dan model pembelajaran konvensional dengan komunikasi antar siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Gangga. Adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 24 orang siswa kelas VIII.1 dan VIII.2, dalam hal ini siswa kelas VIII.2 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan siswa kelas VIII.1 sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes pemahaman matematis berupa uraian dan lembar observasi yang terdiri dari 15 pernyataan untuk komunikasi matematis. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji normalitas menggunakan Shapiro-Wilk dan uji homogenitas menggunakan Levene Test. Sedangkan uji hipotesis menggunakan Two Way Anova. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan menggunakan SPSS 21: (1) Diperoleh nilai Fhitung = 41,553 dengan df 1 = 3, df 2 = 23 dan Ftabel = 4,351. Dengan kriteria uji Fhitung > Ftabel, maka H0A ditolak sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD (Student Team Achievement Division) dan model pembelajaran konvensional terhadap pemahaman matematis siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Gangga. (2) Diperoleh nilai Fhitung = 0,029 dengan df 1 = 3, df 2 = 23 dan Ftabel = 4,351. Dengan kriteria uji Fhitung Ftabel, maka H0B diterima sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh komunikasi antar siswa terhadap pemahaman matematis siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Gangga. (3) Diperoleh nilai Fhitung = 0,446 dengan df 1 = 3, df 2 = 23 dan Ftabel = 4,351. Dengan kriteria uji Fhitung Ftabel, maka H0AB diterima sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi pada model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD (Student Team Achievement Division) dan model pembelajaran konvensional dengan komunikasi antar siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Gangga.
Gaya Kepemimpinan Lurah Balaroa Di Kecamatan Palu Barat Kota Palu
Authors: Tinggogoy Filo Leonardo , Hermansyah Hermansyah , Nasrullah Nasrullah 
Published: January 2022

This study is intended to determine the leadership style of the village head in Balaroa, Sub-District West Palu, Palu. This type of research is descriptive. The types of data used are primary data and secondary data with data collection techniques namely observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. While the theory used in this research is using the theory of Harsey and Blancherd (in Harbani Pasolong 2008) the indicators are: Instruction, Consultation, Participation, and Delegation. While the informants involved in this study were 5 people, four village apparatus and one community member.
Based on the results of the research obtained by the author in the field, that the Leadership Style of the Lurah in Balaroa, Sub-District West Palu can be categorized as good, but the village apparatus has not been able to carry out their duties optimally in accordance with the leadership style of the Lurah, indicators that need to be a concern to be able to realize this style. The expected leadership for the apparatus is the Delegation aspect and the Control aspect, it is hoped that in the future the apparatus can carry out directions and tasks according to the leadership style that the Lurah has applied to his apparatus.
Manajemen Alokasi Dana Desa Di Desa Sibedi Kecamatan Marawola Kabupaten Sigi Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Mangngasing Nasir , Irianto Irianto , Tinggogoy Filo Leonardo 
Published: January 2022

The basis of this research is qualitative while the type of research used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The technique of withdrawing informants as many as 5 people who are considered to have knowledge of, Village Fund Allocation Management (ADD) in Sibedi Village, Marawola District, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province, Data collection techniques are carried out in two ways, namely library research and field studies consisting of observation, interviews and documentation. The method used in this research is using qualitative analysis methods.
Based on the research results obtained by researchers from interviews with informants and facts in the field that from the aspect of planning, organizing, actuating dimensions are good, but in the controlling dimension the results are not optimal, so the authors conclude that the Village Fund Allocation Management (ADD) in Sibedi Village, Marawola District Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province, in order to further strive for the ability to provide services to communities in villages, it means that the activities carried out are more focused on controlling based on agreed policies and rules, so that the duties and functions of the apparatus in serving are in accordance with what is expected.
Hvorfor velger ikke flere menn jordmoryrket?
Authors: Renberg Heidi , Sommerseth Eva , Johannessen Aud 
Published: January 2022

Bakgrunn: Mange yrkesvalg påvirkes av kjønn. I jordmorfaget er det 22 menn av totalt 6711 utdannede jordmødre i Norge. Mål: Å få kunnskap om mannlige sykepleierstudenters synspunkter på hvorfor så få menn blir jordmødre. Metode: Studien innhentet data gjennom fokusgruppeintervjuer og individuelle intervjuer med mannlige sykepleierstudenter. Datamaterialet ble analysert med systematisk tekstkondensering. Resultater: Tre hovedtemaer ble avdekket i analysen: et unaturlig yrkesvalg for menn, menn har liten kjennskap til jordmorfaget og å oppleve krav og usikkerhet knyttet til utdanningen og yrket. Hovedtemaene dekket syv undertemaer. Konklusjon: Deltakerne mente at yrket var knyttet til femininitet og var et yrke forbeholdt kvinner, samt at «jordmor» ikke er en kjønnsnøytral tittel. Noe som kan redusere interessen for faget. Tilgang til informasjon om yrket, samt mannlige rollemodeller ble også påpekt som viktig for å rekruttere menn. Usikkerhet knyttet til å bli tatt opp i utdanningen, og framtidig arbeidsmuligheter ble understreket. Disse resultatene kan bidra til å redusere interessen for faget.
Factors Affecting the Statural Growth Retardation in Children using Steroids in Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Ndongo Aliou Abdoulaye , Boiro Djibril , Basse Idrissa , Kéita Younoussa , Seck Ndiogou , Thiam Lamine , Van Immerzeel Tabitha D. , Sylla Assane 
Published: January 2022

Background and Aim: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome or nephrosis causes massive protein leakage in the urine. Its treatment requires steroids (prednisone, methylprednisolone), often for a prolonged period, notably in case of steroid-dependence or steroid-resistance. In children, long-term use of steroids can lead to several side effects such as statural growth retardation/ stunting. This study evaluated the frequency of stunting in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children on steroids and identified the associated factors.
Material and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive cohort study carried out in children aged 0 to 16 years treated at the paediatric nephrology unit of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital in Dakar, between 1 December 2017 and 31 May 2020. All records of nephrotic children treated in outpatient or inpatient setting were included. These children had to be on corticosteroid therapy for at least 30 months and have a height taken regularly during follow-up consultations.
Results: Of 259 children followed for idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, 93 were included in the study. The median age was 96.5 months and the sex ratio was 1.9. The mean height of the children at the beginning of the follow-up was -0.26 DS, at the end it was -0.88 DS. At the beginning of the follow-up, 8 children had already stunting. At 12 months follow-up, 72 children (77.4%) had a decrease in z-score; and at 30 months, there were 7 more children (84.9%) who had a decrease in z-score. Methylprednisolone boluses were given to 17 children (18.3%). Calcium supplementation was done in 91 children (97.8%). Vitamin D supplementation was given to 91 children (97.8%). The mean number of relapses was 1.8. Factors associated with stunting were number of relapses ≤3 (p=0.03), duration of corticosteroid therapy >6 months (p<0.0001) and cumulative doses of prednisone >100 mg/kg (p=0.04).
Conclusion: In prolonged nephrotic syndrome in children, corticosteroids can cause stunting.
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) Modules on yield, yield attributes and profitability of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.)] in Western Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Verma Rahul , Singh P. K. , . Vivek , Naresh R. K. , Chandra M. Sharath , Maurya Durgesh Kumar , . Vedvrat , Gupta Satya Prakash 
Published: January 2022

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of integrated nutrient management (INM) modules on indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in Western U.P., variety Pusa Vijay at Crop Research Centre (CRC), Main Campus, Modipuram Meerut, during Rabi season, 2020-21. The soil of experimental field was sandy loam texture, alkaline in nature with pH, low in organic carbon (0.42%) and available nitrogen (181.60 kg/ha), available phosphors (16.50 kg/ha), available potassium (230.47 kg/ha) and available sulphur (7.38 kg/ha). Ten treatments of different nutrient management practices consisting T1 Control, T2 100% RDN (120 kg. N/ha), T3 75% RDN, T4 75% RDN + 25% through Vermicompost (VC), T5 75% RDN + 25% through Poultry Manure (PM), T6 75% RDN + 25% through Press Mud Compost (PMC), T7 75% RDN + 25% through [ VC , PM (1:1) ], T8 75% RDN + 25% through [VC, PMC (1:1) ], T9 75% RDN + 25% through [PM , PMC (1:1)], T10 75% RDN + 25% through [VC , PM, PMC (1:1:1)] were tested in randomized block design with three replications. The experimental results revealed that yield attributes (siliqua length, siliqua plant-1, seeds siliqua-1 and test weight), grain and stover yield (q ha-1). The increment in seed yield with application of 75% RDN + 25% through [VC, PM, PMC (1:1:1)] was 130.98 % over control. The maximum gross return and net return were recorded with the application of 75% RDN + 25% through [VC, PM, PMC (1:1:1)], however B:C ratio was lower than the use of RDF only but in application of vermicompost, press mud compost and poultry manure enhance soil fertility which improve the productivity and productivity of mustard.
A Descriptive Study on Hematological Changes in Brucellosis Infected Individuals
Authors: Safi Hameedullah , Noori Waheedullah 
Published: January 2022

Background: Brucellosis is a zoonotic organism that causes diseases in both animals and humans. Human contact with infected domestic animals is often a transmission route of Brucellosis infection. This infection affects hematological parameters of the patients. We carried this study to determine the changes in various hematological parameters in our study subjects.
Patients and Methodology:
This study was carried out in Nangarhar regional hospital and safi medical complex on 45 Afghani people from December 2018 up to December 2020. The study design was prospective.
A total of 45 patients (Cases) with confirmed diagnosis of Brucellosis on the basis of serology enrolled in the study. Complete blood count and Erythrocyte sedimentation rate studies are also performed. Considered hematological parameters includes Hemoglobin (Hb), White Blood Cell count (WBC), Platelet count (PLT) and ESR. As well interview was done with each patient and a questionnaire was used. The collected data was analyzed with Microsoft excel program Autosum statistics. Results. A total of 45 patients were enrolled. The mean age±SD of the patients under the study were (28.74±15.22) years. The most common hematological changes observed were; anemia (57.7%), thrombocytopenia (24%), leucocytosis (13.3%), pancytopenia (24.4%), lymphocytopenia (31.1%), lymphocytosis (55.5%) & leucopenia (40%). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate were elevated in about 66% of patients. Fever and headache were the most common presenting symptoms (73%) and (82%) respectively. Night sweats in (40%), joint pain (53%), muscle pain (53%) and lymphadenopathy in 46% of patients. Conclusion: This result of this study shows that Brucellosis commonly affects people of low socioeconomical states, female sex, uneducated, those consuming contaminated dairy products, peoples living in rural areas and those having consuming or contact with animal. Salmonella typhi causes changes in the hematological parameters due to involvement of bone marrow.
Effect of Stress on Mental Health
Authors: Ranjan Medha Rajiv , Priya A. Jothi , Devi R. Gayatri 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Stress can come from any event that makes an individual feel anxious, frustrated, depressed due to the inability to cope with the situation. Stress is caused due to various stressors stimulating responses in the individual's body. The stressors usually increase the potential of the individual to face a stressful situation and overcome it however if the stressors are constantly triggered they can cause physiological damage to the individual. Physiological impact includes high blood pressure, rapid breathing, aches and pains, in severe cases it can also lead to stroke. Stressors can also impact an individual emotionally and mentally by causing insomnia, depression and anxiety. Mental health is the state of the overall well-being of an individual which helps them to overcome anxiety and stressful situations and thereby increases the productivity of the individuals in order to contribute to the society. It is important to maintain good mental health in order to keep the individual healthy.
Aim: The study has been conducted to assess the overall mental health of the study population and thereby suggest ways in which we can deal with stress. Stress and anxiety can be managed by practising yoga, meditation, discussing problems with a counsellor or spending time with family and loved ones.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the population with a sample size of 100. A self administered structured questionnaire was prepared based on the effect of stress on mental health. It was circulated to participants through an online platform (google form). The statistics were done using SPSS software, chi-square test effect of stress on mental health was used to check the association and P value of 0.05 was said to be statistically significant. The pros of the survey is that individuals of different lifestyles and cultures were surveyed. This study was conducted among individuals of the age group 14-46 years. Simple random sampling method was the sampling method used to minimise the sampling bias.
Results: The p value obtained from statistical data analysis was 0.02 which is statistically significant. The results revealed that most of the individuals of the study population had experienced stress in their life and some of them were already aware about the ways in which they could overcome stress. This study provided alternate ways to overcome stress and anxiety for individuals experiencing stress in their day to day lives.
Physicochemical Characteristics and Thermal Stability of Perilla Seed Oil of Indian Origin
Authors: Dhyani Akriti , Prajapati Priyanka , Chopra Rajni , Garg Meenakshi , Singh Priyanka 
Published: January 2022

There is an increasing interest of food scientists in finding new alternatives to PUFA rich edible oil. Perilla seed oil (CPSO), an underutilized oilseed, can be used as an edible oil source. Oil extracted by the cold-pressed method from perilla seeds gives a yield of 36.50%. This study reports the physicochemical properties, the oxidative and thermal stability of the cold-pressed perilla seed oil. The viscosity, specific gravity, refractive index, and smoke point of CPSO were 28 m.Pa.s, 0.92, 1.43, and 241 ℃, respectively. The peroxide, acid, iodine, saponification value, and unsaponified matter of CPSO were 4.81 meq O2/kg oil, 1.61 g KOH/kg oil, 132 g KOH/kg oil, 180 g I2/kg oil, and 0.64%, respectively. It consists of high α -linolenic acid (55.80% of total oil) followed by oleic acid (20.54%). The extracted oil is analyzed for its thermal stability (peroxide value, free fatty acids, p- anisidine value, totox value, and total polar compounds) and storage stability for 120 days in two different storage conditions (refrigerated and room temperature). Despite having high nutritional benefits, the oil stability index (0.50 h) of the perilla seed oil is low, limiting its utilization as a frying oil. Therefore, perilla seed oil requires process optimization to increase its stability during heating.
Comparative Study of Safety and Efficacy of Three Different Doses of Fentanyl on Hemodynamic Response to Laryngoscopy and Tracheal Intubation in Patients under General Anaesthesia
Authors: Shah Bhavini , Mahanta Dipanjali , Sakhrani Ruchir , Boat Samsuddin Afreen 
Published: January 2022

Aim of Study: Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation are the commonest method for securing a definitive airway for general anaesthesia. It is one of the most invasive and painful stimuli in anaesthesia producing clinically relevant changes in the hemodynamic variables.
This study has been designed to compare the safety and efficacy of three different doses of fentanyl (2µg/kg, 3µg/kg and 4µg/kg) in attenuating hemodynamic response, following laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.
Materials and Methods: In this observational study, three groups of 90 patients belonging to ASA grade I and II, aged between 18 to 65
years, including either gender, posted for elective surgery under GA with informed consent. Baseline vital hemodynamic parameters and the serial heart rate, arterial pressures, SpO2 and respiratory rate were noted at five minutes after intravenous fentanyl administration, during laryngoscopy & intubation and at 1-, 3-, 5-, 10- and 20-minutes after laryngoscopy. Ramsay sedation scores were also noted at five minutes after intravenous fentanyl administration, during extubation and at 10-, 20- and 30-minutes after extubation.
Results: There was substantial difference in mean HR, SBP, DBP & MAP values post 5 minutes after intravenous fentanyl administration, during laryngoscopy, at 1, 3-, 5-, 10- and 20-minutes following laryngoscopy and intubation between the three groups. Patients’ behaviour belonging to group C (IV fentanyl 4µg/kg), followed by the patients of group B (IV fentanyl 3µg/kg) presented considerable amount of attenuation of all the hemodynamic stress parameters effectively, with statistically significant results when compared to group A (IV fentanyl 2µg/kg).
Conclusion: Intravenous fentanyl 4µg/kg and 3µg/kg are better at attenuating the laryngo-tracheal stress response, in comparison to intravenous fentanyl 2µg/kg.
Alluviation
Authors: Bintliff John 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

The erosion of the Earth's surface deposits, soil, bedrock, and human debris, through weathering (rain, ice, wind) and gravity forms slopewash (
colluvium
) or is carried into rivers, to be borne downstream until water velocity decreases sufficiently to make the rivers gradually drop their sediment “bedload” (
alluvium
).
Tuning the Metal Electronic Structure of Anchored Cobalt Phthalocyanine via Dual‐Regulator for Efficient CO2 Electroreduction and Zn–CO2 Batteries
Authors: Gong Shanhe , Wang Wenbo , Zhang Chaonan , Zhu Minghui , Lu Runqing , Ye Jinjin , Yang Huan , Wu Chundu , Liu Jun , Rao Dewei , Shao Shouyan , Lv Xiaomeng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHeterogeneous macromolecule catalysts have been known as efficient electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction reaction, however, manipulating the activity of heterogeneous molecules via controllable metal electronic structure is still challenging. Herein, different CO2 activated 3D, robust, nitrogen‐doped hollow carbon spheres are synthesized to anchor cobalt phthalocyanine as molecularly dispersed electrocatalysts, where the electron‐withdrawing coeffect of carbon defects and heteroatom N is responsible for tuning the electronic structure of metal center. The optimal electrocatalyst reveals high CO faradaic efficiency (FECO) of 95.68%, turnover frequency of 13.80 s−1, and current density of 16.49 mA cm−2 at an overpotential of 760 mV. The control experiment and DFT calculations unveil that the significant activity is mainly ascribed to the optimal electron‐withdrawing coeffect of carbon defects and pyrrolic N, which reduce the electron density of Co center to facilitate CO2 activated to form *COOH intermediate on Co(I) active sites during electrocatalysis. The 2p‐charge loss of Co is summarized as an activity descriptor, which steers the current density and production rate toward CO. Furthermore, the design strategy can universally fabricate the hybrid MPc catalyst with transitional metal (Ni, Fe) site while a rechargeable Zn–CO2 battery is devised to deliver a maximal power density of 1.02 mW cm−2.
Probing the Role of Charged Functional Groups on Nanoparticles Grafted with Polyglycerol in Protein Adsorption and Cellular Uptake
Authors: Zou Yajuan , Ito Shinji , Fujiwara Masazumi , Komatsu Naoki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn biofluids, charged functional groups on the surface of nanoparticles (NPs) interact with cells through the protein corona. However, the cascade effects of charged groups on corona formation and cellular uptake remain unclear. Herein, carboxy, sulfate, and amino groups are quantitatively introduced at the periphery of polyglycerol (PG)‐grafted nanodiamond and superparamagnetic iron oxide NP to probe their roles in corona formation and cellular uptake. The uptake efficiency and intracellular aggregation state of NPs are revealed to correlate with protein affinity of the charged groups; sulfate at lower density and carboxylate exhibit no affinity to proteins, inducing negligible or no cellular uptake. In contrast, sulfate at higher density and ammonium associate with fetal bovine serum proteins to alter the aggregation state of the internalized NPs. It is further demonstrated that the distinct protein corona profiles on NP‐PG‐OSO3− and NP‐PG‐NH3+ surfaces dictate their uptake mechanism. The protein corona of NP‐PG‐OSO3− suppresses cellular uptake via downregulation of macropinocytosis and clathrin‐mediated endocytosis, whereas that of NP‐PG‐NH3+ enhances uptake through upregulation of macropinocytosis and caveolae‐mediated endocytosis. This study clarifies the elusive role of the charged groups in protein adsorption and cellular uptake, which sheds light on NP design for controlled cellular uptake and theranostics in nanomedicine.