bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frailty in people with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review of observational studies
Authors: Hanlon Peter , Morrison Holly , Morton Fraser , Jani Bhautesh D , Siebert Stefan , Lewsey Jim , McAllister David , Mair Frances S 
Published: September 2022

Background: Frailty, an age-related decline in physiological reserve, is an increasingly important concept in the management of chronic diseases. The implications of frailty in people with rheumatoid arthritis are not well understood. We undertook a systematic review to assess prevalence of frailty in people with rheumatoid arthritis, and the relationship between frailty and disease activity or clinical outcomes. Methods: We searched four electronic databases (January 2001 to April 2021) for observational studies assessing the prevalence of frailty (any frailty measure) in adults (≥18 years) with rheumatoid arthritis, or analysing the relationship between frailty and disease activity or clinical outcomes (e.g. quality of life, hospitalisation or mortality) in people with rheumatoid arthritis. Study quality was assessed using an adapted Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Screening, quality assessment and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers. We used narrative synthesis. Results: We identified 17 analyses, from 14 different populations. 15/17 were cross-sectional. Studies used 11 different measures of frailty. Frailty prevalence ranged from 10% (frailty phenotype) to 36% (comprehensive rheumatologic assessment of frailty) in general adult populations with rheumatoid arthritis. In younger populations (<60 or <65 years) prevalence ranged from 2.4% (frailty phenotype) to 19.9% (Kihon checklist) while in older populations (>60 or >65) prevalence ranged from 31.2% (Kihon checklist) to 55% (Geriatric 8 tool). Frailty was cross-sectionally associated with higher disease activity (10/10 studies), lower physical function (7/7 studies) and longer disease duration (2/5 studies), and with hospitalization and osteoporotic fractures (1/1 study, 3.7 years follow-up). Conclusion: Frailty is common in rheumatoid arthritis, including those aged <65 years, and is associated with a range of adverse features. However, these is heterogeneity in how frailty is measured. We found few longitudinal studies making the impact of frailty on clinical outcomes over time and the extent to which frailty is caused by rheumatoid arthritis unclear.
Discrepancies between two long-term dietary datasets in the United Kingdom (UK)
Authors: Smith Kerry G. , Scheelbeek Pauline , Balmford Andrew , Garnett Emma E. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Studying dietary trends can help monitor progress towards healthier and more sustainable diets but longitudinal data are often confounded by lack of standardized methods. Two main data sources are used for longitudinal analysis of diets: food balance sheets on food supply (FBS) and household budget surveys on food purchased (HBS). Methods: We used UK longitudinal dietary data on food supply, provided by the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) (FAO-FBS, 1961-2018), and food purchases, provided by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) (Defra-HBS, 1942-2018). We assessed how trends in dietary change per capita compared between FAO-FBS and Defra-HBS for calories, meat and fish, nuts and pulses, and dairy, and how disparities have changed over time. Results: Estimates made by FAO-FBS were significantly higher (p<0.001) than Defra-HBS for calorie intake and all food types, except nuts and pulses which were significantly lower (p<0.001). These differences are partly due to inclusion of retail waste in FAO-FBS data and under-reporting in Defra- HBS data. The disparities between the two datasets increased over time for calories, meat and dairy; did not change for fish; and decreased for nuts and pulses. Between 1961 and 2018, both FAO-FBS and Defra-FBS showed an increase in meat intake (+11.5% and +1.4%, respectively) and a decrease in fish (-3.3% and -3.2%, respectively) and dairy intake (-11.2% and -22.4%). Temporal trends did not agree between the two datasets for calories, and nuts and pulses. Conclusions: Our finding raises questions over the robustness of both data sources for monitoring UK dietary change, especially when used for evidence-based decision making around health, climate change and sustainability.
What do we know about creatine supplementation?
Authors: Egierska Dominika , Perszke Michał 
Published: September 2022

Creatine is one of the most often used supplements nowadays. Its popularity can be attributed to a wide variety of clinical implications.
The intent of this paper was to evaluate and review the latest publications about the usage and potential clinical effects on the human body of creatine supplementation and to bring attention to new findings in this subject.
Authors explored PubMed, CrossRef and Google Scholar using keywords: creatine, supplements, ergogenic aids, neuroprotection, bioenergetics. Furthermore, the references of selected articles were manually investigated for additional relevant articles. The bibliography focused mainly on systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and case reports. The selection of individual articles was carried out in accordance with the determinants of general medicine readership.
There is still a lot to learn about creatine supplementation and its potentially beneficial effects. Further evidence-based studies are required, as the amount of reliable data and information is still not sufficient and lots of them have yet to be examined.
Big data: Airway management at a university hospital over 16 years; a retrospective analysis
Authors: Hummel Regina , Wollschläger Daniel , Baldering Hans-Jürgen , Engelhard Kristin , Wittenmeier Eva , Epp Katharina , Pirlich Nina 
Published: September 2022

PurposeLittle is known about the current practice of airway management in Germany and its development over the last decades. The present study was, therefore, designed to answer the following questions. Which airway management procedures have been performed over the last 16 years and how has the frequency of these procedures changed over time? Is there a relationship between patient characteristics or surgical specialisation and the type of airway management performed?MethodsIn the present study, we used our in-house data acquisition and accounting system to retrospectively analyse airway management data for all patients who underwent a surgical or medical procedure with anaesthesiological care at our tertiary care facility over the past 16 years. 340,748 airway management procedures were analysed by type of procedure, medical/surgical specialty, and type of device used. Logistic regression was used to identify trends over time.ResultsOral intubation was the most common technique over 16 years (65.7%), followed by supraglottic airway devices (18.1%), nasal intubation (7.5%), mask ventilation (1.6%), tracheal cannula (1.3%), double lumen tube (0.7%), and jet ventilation (0.6%). On average, the odds ratio of using supraglottic airway devices increased by 17.0% per year (OR per year = 1.072, 95% CI = 1.071–1.088) while oral intubation rates decreased. In 2005, supraglottic airway devices were used in about 10% of all airway management procedures. Until 2020, this proportion steadily increased by 27%. Frequency of oral intubation on the other hand decreased and was about 75% in 2005 and 53% in 2020.Over time, second-generation supraglottic airway devices were used more frequently than first-generation supraglottic airway devices. While second-generation devices made up about 9% of all supraglottic airway devices in 2010, in 2020 they represented a proportion of 82%.The use of fibreoptic intubation increased over time in otorhinolaryngology and dental, oral, and maxillofacial surgery, but showed no significant trends over the entire 16-year period.ConclusionOur data represent the first large-scale evaluation of airway management procedures over a long time. There was a significant upward trend in the use of supraglottic airway devices, with an increase in the use of second-generation masks while a decrease in oral intubations was observed.
A tale of osteoarthritis among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: A repeated cross-sectional study
Authors: Mistry Sabuj Kanti , Ali A. R. M. Mehrab , Yadav Uday Narayan , Das Gupta Rajat , Anwar Afsana , Basu Saurav , Huda Md. Nazmul , Mitra Dipak Kumar 
Published: September 2022

Background
Due to restrictions in social gatherings imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, physical and other daily activities were limited among the older adults. The present study aimed to estimate the change in osteoarthritis prevalence among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh.

Methods
This repeated cross-sectional study was conducted through telephone interviews among older adults aged 60 years and above on two successive occasions (October 2020 and September 2021) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. The prevalence of osteoarthritis was measured by asking the participants if they had osteoarthritis or joint pain problems.

Results
A total of 2077 participants (1032 in 2020-survey and 1045 in 2021-survey) participated in the study. The prevalence of self-reported joint pains or osteoarthritis significantly increased from 45.3% in 2020 to 54.7% in 2021 (P = 0.006), with an increasing odd in the adjusted analysis (aOR 1.27, 95% CI 1.04–1.54). We also found that osteoarthritis prevalence significantly increased among the participants from the Chattogram and Mymensingh divisions, aged 60–69 years, males, married, rural residents, and living with a family. A significant increase was also documented among those who received formal schooling, had a family income of 5000–10000 BDT, resided with a large family, were unemployed or retired, and lived away from a health facility.

Conclusions
Our study reported a significant increased prevalence of osteoarthritis among older adults from 2020 to 2021 during this pandemic in Bangladesh. This study highlights the need for the development and implementation of initiatives for the screening and management of osteoarthritis through a primary health care approach during any public health emergencies.
Directory of World Cinema: Africa, Blandine Stefanson and Sheila Petty (eds) (2014)
Authors: Ferrell Rose 
Published: September 2022

Review of: Directory of World Cinema: Africa, Blandine Stefanson and Sheila Petty (eds) (2014)
Bristol: Intellect Books, 420 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-78320-391-8, p/bk, £43.00
Hubungan Pajanan Kebisingan dengan Tekanan Darah Pada Pekerja PT. Iskandar Indah Printing Textile Surakarta
Authors: Nurjanah Dyah Ratri , Joko Tri , Suhartono Suhartono 
Published: September 2022

Latar belakang : Proses produksi menimbulkan kebisingan yang dapat mengganggu kesehatan. Paparan kebisingan dalam waktu yang lama menyebabkan gangguan psikologis, gangguang kardiovaskuler seperti peningkatan tekanan darah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan antara intensitas kebisingan dan masa kerja dengan tekan darah pada pekerja departemen weaving PT. Iskandar Indah Printing Textile Surakarta.Metode:Desain studi penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional dengan sampel 60 orang pekerja departemen weaving. Pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner dan analisis data menggunakan Rank- Spearman.Hasil: Hasil pengukuran intensitas kebisingan terdapat 3 departemen weaving yang melebihi 85 dBA. Terdapat hubungan antara intensitas kebisingan dengan tekanan darah sistolik p=0,006 (r = 0,384) dan tekanan darah diastolik p=0,013 (r= 0,319) sementara tidak terdapat hubungan antara masa kerja dengan tekanan darah sistolik p=0,961 (r = 0,006) dan tekanan darah diastolik p=0,223 (r =- 0,160).Simpulan: Perubahan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik karena pengaruh intensitas kebisingan.Kata kunci : intensitas kebisingan, tekanan darah sistolik, tekanan darah diastolik, pekerja weavingABSTRACTTitle : The Relationship between Noise Exposure and Blood Pressure on PT. Iskandar Indah Printing Textile Surakarta Background: The production process causes noise that can interfere with health. Long-term exposure to noise causes psychological disorders, cardiovascular disorders such as increased blood pressure. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between noise intensity and working period with blood pressure in the weaving department workers of PT. Iskandar Indah Surakarta Textile Printing.Method: The study design of this study was cross-sectional with a sample of 60 weaving department workers. Data collection with questionnaires and data analysis using Rank-Spearman.Results: There are 3 weaving departments exceeding 85 dBA for the measurement of noise intensity. There is a relationship between noise intensity with systolic blood pressure p = 0.006 (r = 0.384) and diastolic blood pressure p = 0.013 (r = 0.319) while there is no relationship between years of work with systolic blood pressure p = 0.961 (r = 0.006) and pressure diastolic blood p = 0.223 (r = - 0.160).Conclusion: Changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure due to the influence of noise intensity.Keywords: noise intensity, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, weaving workers
Casirivimab/imdevimab treatment for outpatient COVID-19 during a SARS-CoV-2 B1.617.2 (Delta) surge at a community hospital
Authors: Keshishian Erika , Kuge Elizabeth , Memmott Jordan , Hasenbalg Phillip , Belford Nakiya , Matlock Alexander , Schritter Sarah , Agbayani Geovar , Dietrich Tyson , Santarelli Anthony , Ashurst John 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Context
Vaccination status has been shown to be linked to patient-centered outcomes in those with COVID-19. However, minimal data have explored the relationship between vaccination status and representation rates after receiving monoclonal antibodies (MABs) the Delta strain of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a community setting.

Objectives
The authors sought to determine if there was a difference in patient-centered outcomes between those who were vaccinated and unvaccinated after the administration of casirivimab/imdevimab for mild-to-moderate COVID-19 during the time when the Delta strain was most prevalent.

Methods
A convenience sample of consecutive adults given casirivimab/imdevimab at either an outpatient infusion center or within the emergency department (ED) were included in analysis. Patient demographics, authorized-use qualifiers from the emergency use authorization (EUA), baseline vital signs at the time of infusion, representation rates to a healthcare provider within the hospital’s network, and any admissions to the hospital following infusion were all collected from the patient’s electronic medical record. Vaccination status was confirmed in both the patient’s electronic medical record and the Arizona State Immunization Information System (ASIIS). Analysis was conducted utilizing descriptive statistics, the Mann–Whitney U test for continuous data, and the chi-squared analysis for nominal data.

Results
In total, 743 patients were included in the study, with 585 being unvaccinated and 158 being vaccinated at the time of administration. Those in the vaccinated group were more likely to be older (60.0 vs. 55.0 years; p<0.001) and to have a history of diabetes (18.4% vs. 11.3%; p=0.02), hypertension (39.9% vs. 28.5%; p=0.006), immunosuppression (7.0% vs. 1.4%; p<0.001), and chronic kidney disease (7.0% vs. 3.4%; p=0.05). In the entire sample, 105 (14.1%) patients had an unexpected return visit to either the ED or urgent care at 28 days, with 17 (2.3%) requiring hospitalization. Patients who were vaccinated were more likely to represent for care after casirivimab/imdevimab infusion (20.3% vs. 12.5%; p=0.01), but no difference was noted in hospitalization rates between the two groups (18.8% vs. 15.1%; p=0.15).

Conclusions
MAB therapy with casirivimab/imdevimab for the outpatient treatment of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 was associated with a low rate of hospitalization. However, those who were vaccinated were more likely to present for unexpected return care at either the ED or urgent care within 28 days of the initial infusion.
Multifunctional on-chip directional coupler for spectral and polarimetric routing of Bloch surface wave
Authors: Lei Xinrui , Wang Ruxue , Liu Li , Xu Chengjie , Wu Aimin , Zhan Qiwen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Integration of multiple diversified functionalities into an ultracompact platform is crucial for the development of on-chip photonic devices. Recently, a promising all-dielectric two-dimensional platform based on Bloch surface waves (BSWs) sustained by dielectric multilayer has been proposed to enable various functionalities and provide novel approach to photonic devices. Here, we design and fabricate a multifunctional directional coupler to achieve both spectral and polarimetric routing by employing asymmetric nanoslits in a dielectric multilayer platform. Due to the dispersion property of BSWs, the directional coupling behavior is sensitive to wavelength and polarization. We demonstrate numerically and experimentally the wavelength selective directional coupling of TE BSW mode with an intensity ratio of the BSW excitation in opposite directions reaching 10 dB. Polarization selective directional coupling is also achieved at specific operating wavelength due to different response to a nanoantenna for TE and TM BSWs. The proposed two-dimensional photonic device opens new pathway for a wide range of practical applications such as molecular sensing, imaging with different polarization, and spectral requirements.
Nanophotonic-assisted precision enhancement of weak measurement using spin Hall effect of light
Authors: Kim Minkyung , Lee Dasol , Kim Yeseul , Rho Junsuk 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The spin Hall effect of light, i.e., the microscopic and spin-dependent transverse splitting of linearly polarized light into circular polarizations at an optical interface, has been considered as a promising candidate for high-precision measurement when combined with a weak measurement technique. However, in those previous demonstrations, the precision is determined by the interface of interest, hindering its versatility. Here, by leveraging the direct correlation of precision with the spin Hall shift, we propose nanophotonic-assisted approaches to increase the precision of the weak measurement by controlling the spin Hall effect of light at the target interface. The refractive index sensing of an isotropic medium is demonstrated as a proof of concept, in which the precision can be increased, in principle, to infinity by placing an index-below-unity slab in the vicinity of the target interface. Furthermore, a single-layer metasurface comprising two-dimensional subwavelength patterns is introduced as an experimentally favorable platform. This study lays the foundation for nondestructive and high-precision investigation of unknown parameters of interfaces and will find wide sensing applications in material science, medical engineering, and other interdisciplinary fields.
The impact of bleaching on the yield of softwood kraft pulps obtained by high alkali impregnation
Authors: Esteves Cláudia V. G. , Sevastyanova Olena , Östlund Sören , Brännvall Elisabet 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHigh alkali impregnation (HAI) increases the total yield of softwood pulps following kraft cooking. This yield improvement is also maintained after oxygen delignification. This study evaluates how bleaching with either chlorine dioxide or hydrogen peroxide affects the final yield of samples obtained with standard and HAI. The chemical composition, viscosity, brightness, mechanical and morphological properties were studied. Compared to cooking after standard impregnation the yield improvement achieved by HAI was preserved in both types of bleaching sequences (2 % units for chlorine dioxide and 4 % units for hydrogen peroxide). The introduction of charged groups into the cellulose fibers was higher with hydrogen peroxide bleaching than with chlorine dioxide however, no significant impact was seen on the swelling or mechanical properties. The brightness was higher for the pulps bleached with chlorine dioxide compared with hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide bleaching resulted in similar brightness development for both standard and HAI. Fibers bleached with chlorine dioxide had the highest curl index (16–17 %) compared to the fibers bleached with hydrogen peroxide (15 %).
The Determination of Pozzolanic Activity: Comparison of ASTM and EN Strength Activity Methods and Electrical Resistivity
Authors: Robl Thomas , Jewell Robert , Duvallet Tristana , Gülcan Ergin , Rathbone Robert , Oberlink Anne 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Class F fly ash from both fresh and stored sources, along with finely milled sand and limestone were tested by conventional strength index approaches based on ASTM C618-2019, Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete and EN 450-1:2012 - Fly ash for concrete. Definition, specifications and conformity criteria for pozzolan activity. Mortars were made with both European and U.S. standard sands. Pozzolanic activity was also measured directly by Ca(OH)2 uptake via thermogravimetric analysis and electrical resistivity. The EN 450 method proved a more reliable measure of pozzolanic activity than the ASTM equivalent, which provided false positives, probably due to the narrow gradation of the U.S. standard sand and the rheologic benefit of the fly ash on the mortar. A four-point Wenner probe was used to measure the electrical resistivity on the 40 × 40 × 160 mm mortar prisms. The resistivity correlated with the measure of strength index and pozzolanic activity by other methods. The pozzolanic reaction of the Class F fly ash was found to be relativity slow, with a latency period of at least 21 days and only small indications of activity at 28 days. Unlike compressive strength, the resistivity of the control mortars did not change significantly after 28 days and remained essentially flat over one year. The resistivity of the fly ash test prisms showed continuous increase over the same period, achieving 150 % to &gt;500 % of control at 90 days. This may be contrasted with the compressive strength data of 90 % to 110 % for the EN-450 data. The measurement of resistivity is rapid, simple, precise, and non-destructive and made with inexpensive equipment that is relatable to pozzolanic activity. It is found to be more sensitive and selective than that provided by conventional strength index methods.