bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Match/Mismatch Between Phytoplankton and Crustacean Zooplankton Phenology in the Strait of Georgia, Canada
Authors: Suchy Karyn D. , Young Kelly , Galbraith Moira , Perry R. Ian , Costa Maycira 
Published: May 2022

The Strait of Georgia, Canada, is an important region for numerous commercially and culturally important species (e.g., herring, salmon, and orcas), yet little is known about the links between lower trophic level (e.g. phytoplankton and zooplankton) phenology due to historical sampling gaps. Here, we present fourteen years (2003-2016) of data linking interannual variability in phytoplankton and zooplankton phenology in the Central Strait of Georgia, BC. Satellite-derived chlorophyll a (Chl a) data were used to calculate spring bloom dynamics (bloom initiation, bloom intensity, and bloom magnitude). Average spring bloom initiation occurred during the last week of March in the Central Strait of Georgia. Bloom initiation occurred in mid-to-late February/early March during “early” Chl a bloom years (2004, 2005, and 2015) whereas initiation did not occur until the end of April during “late” bloom years (2007, 2008). Spring Chl a bloom initiation was significantly correlated with the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO; r = 0.75, p &lt; 0.01) and spring sea surface temperature (SST; r = -0.70, p &lt; 0.01); spring blooms occurred earlier during warm years. When all environmental variables were considered together, NPGO best explained variations in spring bloom initiation (Adj R2 = 0.53, p &lt; 0.01) and bloom magnitude (Adj R2 = 0.57, p &lt; 0.01), whereas stratification best explained variations in bloom intensity (Adj R2 = 0.38, p &lt; 0.05). Early Chl a blooms were associated with high crustacean abundance (maximum of &gt; 1000 ind m-3) but low biomass (37.5 mg m-3). Independent of the Chl a data, hierarchical cluster analysis revealed similar groupings of years for crustacean abundance data. Most notably, community composition in cluster Group 2 (2004, 2005, and 2015; early Chl a bloom years), was comprised of a higher proportion of small crustaceans (e.g. non-calanoid copepods) compared to the other cluster groups. To our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence linking early spring Chl a bloom timing to a shift in the crustacean community towards smaller taxa in response to multiple warm events in the Strait of Georgia. Our results show that early Chl a blooms may potentially result in a mismatch between phytoplankton and large energy-rich crustacean zooplankton, with lower abundances of the latter. In contrast, average Chl a bloom years were optimal for large-bodied euphausiids, whereas late Chl a blooms were a match for some crustaceans (e.g., medium calanoid copepods), but not others (e.g., large calanoid copepods and amphipods). We hypothesize that early bloom years may result in poorer feeding conditions for juvenile salmon and other predators in the region.
The Brainstem-Vermis and Brainstem-Tentorium Angles in the Fetus: A Study of Their Reproducibility by Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Their Evolution Along the Gestation
Authors: Prieto Laura Joigneau , Ruiz Yolanda , Pérez Laura , Bravo Coral , Aguado Alejandra , Alvarez-Mon Melchor , Ortega Miguel A. , Marín Carlos , De León-Luis Juan 
Published: May 2022

AimTo assess the reproducibility of brainstem-vermis (BV) and brainstem-tentorium (BT) angles measured by fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) during second half of pregnancy in normal and abnormal fetuses. Secondly, to assess reproducibility of two alternative methodologies to measure the brainstem-tentorium angle (BT1 and BT2) proposed by our group that could be more reliable in fetuses with posterior fossa fluid collection (PFFC) anomalies. Finally, to describe the evolution of BV and BT angles along gestation in normal fetuses.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of BV and BT angles obtained by MRI performed at our center, in 22 fetuses with PFFC and 8 fetuses without PFFC to calculate both angles’ reproducibility and the correlation between them and the gestational age.ResultsWe found good interobserver reproducibility for the BV, BT1 and BT2 angles (Intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.98; 0.89 and 0.88 for each of these angles, with p &lt; 0.001). In patients with PFFC the BT angle could not always be measured. BT angle presented a positive relationship with gestational age (p = 0.002) but BV angle stayed stable. The measurements of BV, BT1, and BT2 angles can be reliably performed by MRI with good interobserver reproducibility.ConclusionBV angle stays stable during pregnancy, whereas BT angle tends to augment with gestational age.
Hippocampal Function Is Impaired by a Short-Term High-Fat Diet in Mice: Increased Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability and Neuroinflammation as Triggering Events
Authors: de Paula Gabriela Cristina , Brunetta Henver S. , Engel Daiane F. , Gaspar Joana M. , Velloso Licio A. , Engblom David , de Oliveira Jade , de Bem Andreza Fabro 
Published: May 2022

Graphical AbstractAn illustrative scheme summarizing the main outcomes in Swiss mice fed high-fat diet (HFD), with their exact time of onset of changes in the hippocampus. An increase in the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, together with the permeability of the blood–brain barrier was detected after 2 days of HFD. Even in the first week of dietary intervention, memory and learning impairment, depressive-like behavior, and synaptic changes were observed at 3, 5, and 7 days, respectively. Later hippocampal alterations (after 4 weeks of HFD consumption) include mitochondrial dysfunction and astrocytic activation.
3D Amide Proton Transfer Weighted Brain Tumor Imaging With Compressed SENSE: Effects of Different Acceleration Factors
Authors: Zhang Nan , Zhang Haonan , Gao Bingbing , Miao Yanwei , Liu Ailian , Song Qingwei , Lin Liangjie , Wang Jiazheng 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesThe aim of the current study was to evaluate the performance of compressed SENSE (CS) for 3D amide proton transfer weighted (APTw) brain tumor imaging with different acceleration factors (AFs), and the results were compared with those of conventional SENSE.MethodsApproximately 51 patients with brain tumor (22 males, 49.95 ± 10.52 years) with meningiomas (n = 16), metastases (n = 12), or gliomas (n = 23) were enrolled. All the patients received 3D APTw imaging scans on a 3.0 T scanner with acceleration by CS (AFs: CS2, CS3, CS4, and CS5) and SENSE (AF: S1.6). Two readers independently and subjectively evaluated the APTw images relative to image quality and measured confidence concerning image blur, distortion, motion, and ghosting artifacts, lesion recognition, and contour delineation with a 5-point Likert scale. Mean amide proton transfer (APT) values of brain tumors (APTtumor), the contralateral normal-appearing white matter (APTCNAWM), and the peritumoral edema area (if present, APTedema) and the tumor volume (VAPT) were measured for objective evaluation and determination of the optimal AF. The Ki67 labeling index was also measured by using standard immunohistochemical staining procedures in samples from patients with gliomas, and the correlation between tumor APT values and the Ki67 index was analyzed.ResultsThe image quality of AF = CS5 was significantly lower than that of other groups. VAPT showed significant differences among the six sequences in meningiomas (p = 0.048) and gliomas (p = 0.023). The pairwise comparison showed that the VAPT values of meningiomas measured from images by CS5 were significantly lower, and gliomas were significantly larger than those by SENSE1.6 and other CS accelerations, (p &lt; 0.05). APTtumor (p = 0.191) showed no significant difference among the three types of tumors. The APTtumor values of gliomas measured by APTw images with the SENSE factor of 1.6 and the CS factor of 2, 3, and 4 (except for CS5) were all positively correlated with Ki67.ConclusionCompressed SENSE could be successfully extended to accelerated 3D APTw imaging of brain tumors without compromising image quality using the AF of 4.
The Effects of Different Anesthesia Methods on the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease by Bilateral Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus
Authors: Lu Yue , Chang Lei , Li Jinwen , Luo Bei , Dong Wenwen , Qiu Chang , Zhang Wenbin , Ruan Yifeng 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundSubthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN–DBS) surgery for Parkinson’s disease (PD) is routinely performed at medical centers worldwide. However, it is debated whether general anesthesia (GA) or traditional local anesthetic (LA) is superior.PurposeThis study aims to compare the effects of LA and GA operation methods on clinical improvement in patients with PD, such as motor and non-motor symptoms, after STN–DBS surgery at our center.MethodA total of 157 patients with PD were retrospectively identified as having undergone surgery under LA (n = 81) or GA (n = 76) states. In this study, the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Motor Score (UPDRS-III) in three states, levodopa-equivalent-daily-dose (LEDD), surgical duration, intraoperative microelectrode recording (iMER) signal length, postoperative intracranial volume, electrode implantation error, neuropsychological function, quality of life scores, and complication rates were collected and compared. All patients with PD were routinely followed up at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months postoperatively.ResultOverall improvement in UPDRS-III was demonstrated at postoperative follow-up, and there was no significant difference between the two groups in medication-off, stimulation-off state and medication-off, stimulation-on state. However, UPDRS-III scores in medication-on, stimulation-on state under GA was significantly lower than that in the LA group. During postoperative follow-up, LEDD in the LA group (6, 12, 18, and 24 months, postoperatively) was significantly lower than in the GA group. However, there were no significant differences at baseline or 1-month between the two groups. The GA group had a shorter surgical duration, lower intracranial volume, and longer iMER signal length than the LA group. However, there was no significant group difference in electrode implantation accuracy and complication rates. Additionally, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) was significantly lower in the GA group than the LA group at 1-month follow-up, but this difference disappeared at longer follow-up. Besides, there was no significant group difference in the 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) scale scores.ConclusionAlthough both groups showed overall motor function improvement without a significant postoperative difference, the GA group seemed superior in surgical duration, intracranial volume, and iMER signal length. As the accuracy of electrode implantation can be ensured by iMER monitoring, DBS with GA will become more widely accepted.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Minimally Invasive Partial Nephrectomy Versus Focal Therapy for Small Renal Masses
Authors: Dong Lin , Liang Wang You , Ya Lu , Yang Liu , Qiang Wei 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundMinimally invasive partial nephrectomy (MIPN) and focal therapy (FT) are popular trends for small renal masses (SRMs). However, there is currently no systematic comparison between MIPN and FT of SRMs. Therefore, we systematically study the perioperative, renal functional, and oncologic outcomes of MIPN and FT in SRMs.MethodsWe have searched the Embase, Cochrane Library, and PubMed for articles between MIPN (robot-assisted partial nephrectomy and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy) and FT {radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), cryoablation (CA), irreversible electroporation, non-thermal [irreversible electroporation (IRE)] ablation, and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT)}. We calculated pooled mean difference (MD), odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) (CRD42021260787).ResultsA total of 26 articles (n = 4,420) were included in the study. Compared with MIPN, the operating time (OP) of FT had significantly lower (SMD, −1.20; CI, −1.77 to −0.63; I2 = 97.6%, P &lt; 0.0001), estimated blood loss (EBL) of FT had significantly less (SMD, −1.20; CI, −1.77 to −0.63; I2 = 97.6%, P &lt; 0.0001), length of stay (LOS) had shorter (SMD, −0.90; CI, −1.26 to −0.53; I2 = 92.2%, P &lt; 0.0001), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of FT was significantly lower decrease (SMD, −0.90; CI, −1.26 to −0.53; I2 = 92.2%, P &lt; 0.0001). However, FT possessed lower risk in minor complications (Clavien 1–2) (OR, 0.69; CI, 0.45 to 1.07; I2 = 47%, P = 0.023) and overall complications (OR, 0.71; CI, 0.51 to 0.99; I2 = 49.2%, P = 0.008). Finally, there are no obvious difference between FT and MIPN in local recurrence, distant metastasis, and major complications (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionFT has more advantages in protecting kidney function, reducing bleeding, shortening operating time, and shortening the length of stay. There is no difference in local recurrence, distant metastasis, and major complications. For the minimally invasive era, we need to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of all aspects to make comprehensive choices.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#recordDetails, identifier PROSPERO (CRD42021260787).
Diffusion Abnormality in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients With Sleep Disorders: A Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging Study
Authors: Guo Min , Shen Boxing , Li Jinhong , Huang Xiaoqi , Hu Jie , Wei Xiaocheng , Wang Shaoyu , Yuan Ruohan , He Chengcheng , Li Yanjing 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPatients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) frequently complain of poor sleep quality, which is a condition that clinicians are typically neglecting. In this study, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) were used to assess the sleep status of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Simultaneously diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) was applied to examine the white matter microstructure abnormalities in patients with TLE and sleep disorders.MethodsTLE patients who have been diagnosed in the cardio-cerebrovascular ward of the Yanan University Affiliated Hospital from October 2020 to August 2021 were recruited. Finally, 51 patients and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in our study, with all subjects completing the sleep evaluation questionnaire and undergoing a DKI examination. Using independent sample t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Mann-Whitney U test to compare groups.ResultsThirty patients (58.82%) complained of long-term sleep difficulties. The overall differences among the evaluation of AIS, ESS, and PSQI are significant (P = 0.00, P = 0.00, P = 0.03). The scores of AIS, ESS in Left and Right-TLE (L/R-TLE) with sleep disorders, as well as PSQI in L-TLE, are statistically higher than the control group (P = 0.00, P = 0.00, P = 0.00, P = 0.00, P = 0.02). L-TLE with sleep disorders showed decreased MK on affected sides (P = 0.01). However, statistical differences in MD and FA have not been observed (P = 0.34, P = 0.06); R-TLE with sleep disorders showed significantly decreased MK and increased MD on affected sides (P = 0.00, P = 0.00), but FA's statistical difference has not been observed (P = 0.20).ConclusionsTLE patients with sleep disorders have different DKI parameters than individuals who do not have sleep issues. During this process, the kurtosis parameter (MK) was more sensitive than the tensor parameters (MD, FA) in detecting the patient's aberrant white matter diffusion. DKI may be a better choice for in vivo investigation of anomalous craniocerebral water diffusion.
First Case Report of Human Plague Caused by Excavation, Skinning, and Eating of a Hibernating Marmot (Marmota himalayana)
Authors: Xi Jinxiao , Duan Ran , He Zhaokai , Meng Lei , Xu Daqin , Chen Yuhuang , Liang Junrong , Fu Guoming , Wang Li , Chun Hua , Qin Shuai , Lv Dongyue , Mu Hui , Tang Deming , Wu Weiwei , Xiao Meng , Jing Huaiqi , Wang Xin 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionThe Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is considered the most plague-heavy region in China, and skinning and eating marmots (Marmota himalayana) are understood to be the main exposure factors to plague. Yersinia pestis is relatively inactive during marmots' hibernation period. However, this case report shows plague infection risk is not reduced but rather increased during the marmot hibernation period if plague exposure is not brought under control.Case PresentationThe patient was a 45-year-old man who presented with high fever, swelling of axillary lymph nodes, and existing hand wounds on his right side. Y. pestis was isolated from his blood and lymphatic fluid. Hence, the patient was diagnosed with a confirmed case of bubonic plague. Later, his condition progressed to septicemic plague. Plague exposure through wounds and delays in appropriate treatment might have contributed to plague progression.ConclusionThis case report reveals that excavating a hibernating marmot is a significant transmission route of plague. Plague prevention and control measures are priority needs during the marmot hibernation period.
Personality in Soccer: Investigation of the Five-Factor Model of Personality in High-Level Athletes
Authors: Spielmann Jan , Beavan Adam , Mayer Jan 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundIn high-level sports, rapid screening and diagnostic instruments are necessary considering limited access that researchers have to these athletes. In the area of sport psychological diagnostics, the NEO-FFI is a promising tool to gain information about an athlete's personality traits. The current study investigated the NEO-FFI's scientific quality criteria and general application to elite-level soccer.MethodsPersonality traits of 378 elite-level soccer athletes were assessed using the NEO-FFI. Analysis focused on internal consistency, factor structure and gender differences. Additionally, a second measurement with a 6-week interval was conducted with a sub-sample of 86 athletes to analyse test-retest reliability.ResultsOverall, the results are in line with previous findings outside high-level sports. For the total sample, alpha-levels from 0.68 to 0.84 and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for test-retest measures from 0.86 to 0.91 could be found. Item-level principal component analysis using both oblimin and oblique rotation showed better stability in neuroticism (N) and conscientiousness (C) than in extraversion (E), openness (O), and agreeableness (A). Gender differences could be found in values of internal consistency, ICC and NEO-FFI traits.ConclusionThe results of this study demonstrate good transferability of the NEO-FFI from settings outside high-level sports into this specific niche of sport psychological assessment. However, the same weaknesses of the applied instrument in general populations were also replicated in the sporting population.
The Development of Artificial Intelligence in Hernia Surgery: A Scoping Review
Authors: Taha Anas , Enodien Bassey , Frey Daniel M. , Taha-Mehlitz Stephanie 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundArtificial intelligence simulates human intelligence in machines that have undergone programming to make them think like human beings and imitate their activities. Artificial intelligence has dominated the medical sector to perform various patient diagnosis activities and improve communication between professionals and patients. The main goal of this study is to perform a scoping review to evaluate the development of artificial intelligence in all forms of hernia surgery except the diaphragm and upside-down hernia.MethodsThe study used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-analyses for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) to guide the structuring of the manuscript and fulfill all the requirements of every subheading. The sources used to gather data are the PubMed, Cochrane, and EMBASE databases, IEEE and Google and Google Scholar search engines. AMSTAR tool is the most appropriate for assessing the methodological quality of the included studies.ResultsThe study exclusively included twenty articles, whereby seven focused on artificial intelligence in inguinal hernia surgery, six focused on abdominal hernia surgery, five on incisional hernia surgery, and two on AI in medical imaging and robotics in hernia surgery.ConclusionThe outcomes of this study reveal a significant literature gap on artificial intelligence in hernia surgery. The results also indicate that studies focus on inguinal hernia surgery more than any other types of hernia surgery since the articles addressing the topic are more. The study implies that more research is necessary for the field to develop and enjoy the benefits associated with AI. Thus, this situation will allow the integration of AI in activities like medical imaging and surgeon training.
Evaluation of a Conformationally Constrained Indole Carboxamide as a Potential Efflux Pump Inhibitor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Zhang Yongzheng , Rosado-Lugo Jesus D. , Datta Pratik , Sun Yangsheng , Cao Yanlu , Banerjee Anamika , Yuan Yi , Parhi Ajit K. 
Published: May 2022

Efflux pumps in Gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa provide intrinsic antimicrobial resistance by facilitating the extrusion of a wide range of antimicrobials. Approaches for combating efflux-mediated multidrug resistance involve, in part, developing indirect antimicrobial agents capable of inhibiting efflux, thus rescuing the activity of antimicrobials previously rendered inactive by efflux. Herein, TXA09155 is presented as a novel efflux pump inhibitor (EPI) formed by conformationally constraining our previously reported EPI TXA01182. TXA09155 demonstrates strong potentiation in combination with multiple antibiotics with efflux liabilities against wild-type and multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa. At 6.25 µg/mL, TXA09155, showed ≥8-fold potentiation of levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, doxycycline, minocycline, cefpirome, chloramphenicol, and cotrimoxazole. Several biophysical and genetic studies rule out membrane disruption and support efflux inhibition as the mechanism of action (MOA) of TXA09155. TXA09155 was determined to lower the frequency of resistance (FoR) to levofloxacin and enhance the killing kinetics of moxifloxacin. Most importantly, TXA09155 outperformed the levofloxacin-potentiation activity of EPIs TXA01182 and MC-04,124 against a CDC/FDA panel of MDR clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. TXA09155 possesses favorable physiochemical and ADME properties that warrant its optimization and further development.
Organic photoconductive film–stacked active pixel sensor pixel circuits using indium–tin–zinc-oxide thin-film transistors
Authors: Imamura Koki , Sakai Toshikatsu , Yakushiji Hidenori , Hashimoto Yuta , Aotake Tatsuya , Sadamitsu Yuichi , Sato Hiroto , Aihara Satoshi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, we describe the signal readout capabilities of indium–tin–zinc-oxide (ITZO) thin-film transistor (TFT)-based active pixel sensor (APS) pixel circuits combined with organic photoconductive films (OPFs). A pixel circuit was fabricated with a size of 50 μm containing three ITZO TFTs having a channel length of 2 μm and a blue-sensitive OPF possessing excellent properties with an external quantum efficiency of ∼59% and a dark current density of <100 pA cm−2. Signal readout operation of the pixel circuits in accordance with irradiated light intensity was demonstrated, and sufficient response speeds within the line selection period, assuming a pixel number of 320 × 240 (QVGA) at 60 frames per second (∼69.4 μs), was also confirmed by fabricating pixel line arrays comprising 320 and 240 pixels. Our findings show that the miniaturized ITZO TFTs have potential for use in high-pixel-density TFT-based APS image sensors with improved imaging quality.