bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcome After Pencil Beam Scanning Proton Therapy of Patients With Non-Metastatic Malignant and Benign Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors
Authors: Bachmann Nicolas , Leiser Dominic , Pica Alessia , Bachtiary Barbara , Weber Damien C. 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivePeripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs) commonly arise from peripheral nerve roots and grow locally invasive. Malignant PNSTs (mPNSTs) represent aggressive sarcomas of neural origin that can originate from PNSTs. Radiation therapy is commonly used as part of the required multimodal treatment. However, both entities tend to occur early in life and are associated with the genetic disorder neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1), which is known to cause increased radiosensitivity. Pencil beam scanning proton therapy (PBSPT) allows for a minimization of the dose delivered to organs at risk and the integral dose and, thus, potentially also a reduction of radiation-induced adverse events. We report the clinical outcome and toxicity rates of patients with (m)PNSTs treated with PBSPT.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 36 patients who received PBSPT (median dose, 64 GyRBE) with curative intent for (m)PNSTs between 1999 and 2020 at our institute. Twenty-eight (78%) and 8 (22%) patients were treated at diagnosis and for tumor recurrence/progression, respectively. The median age was 32 years (range, 3–75), and 25 (69%) patients were male. mPNST and PNST were diagnosed in 31 (86%) and 5 (14%) patients, respectively. Underlying NF-1 disease was found in 8 (22%) patients. Acute and late toxicities were recorded according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4.1 (CTCAE v4.1). Overall survival (OS), local control (LC), and distant control (DC) were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsWith a median follow-up time of 31 months (range, 4–194), 13 (36%) patients died from a progressive disease, 8 (22%) experienced local failure, and 14 (39%) experienced distant failure after PBSPT. Estimated 2-year OS, LC, and DC were 75.5%, 73.5%, and 61.2%, respectively. Acute grade 3 toxicity (dermatitis, mucositis, and pain) was observed in 5 (14%) patients. Late grade 3 cataract and osteonecrosis were both observed in 1 (3%) patient at 34 and 194 months after PBSPT, respectively. There was no late grade &gt;3 toxicity or radiation-induced secondary cancer.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first study to analyze the outcome of (m)PNSTs treated with proton therapy using a PBS delivery paradigm. In our cohort, consisting mainly of patients with mPNSTs, we report reasonable oncological outcomes and low toxicity rates after PBSPT.
The Prevalence of Glaucoma in the Jirel Ethnic Group of Nepal
Authors: Miller Sarah , Blackburn Nicholas B. , Johnson Matthew , Laston Sandra , Subedi Janardan , Charlesworth Jac C. , Blangero John , Towne Bradford , Thapa Suman S. , Williams-Blangero Sarah 
Published: June 2022

Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide with individuals in Asia disproportionately affected. Using a cross-sectional study design as part of the Jiri Eye Study, we assessed the prevalence of glaucoma in the Jirel population of Nepal and provide new information on the occurrence of glaucoma in south central Asia. Over a four-year period, 2,042 members of the Jirel population, aged 18 years and older, underwent a detailed ocular examination. Glaucoma was diagnosed using the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology criteria. The mean (SD) age at exam was 42.3 (16.7) years and 54.1% of the sample was female. In the total sample, the mean (SD) intraocular pressure (IOP) and vertical cup-to-disc ratio (VCDR) was 14.55 (2.42) mmHg and 0.31 (0.15), respectively. The 97.5th and 99.5th percentile for IOP and VCDR was 20 mmHg and 22 mmHg, and 0.7 and 0.8, respectively. The overall prevalence of glaucoma in the population was 2.30% (n = 47). Of these 47 individuals, 37 (78.7%) had primary open angle glaucoma, 6 (12.8%) had primary angle closure glaucoma, and 4 (8.5%) had secondary glaucoma. There was a significant (p = 5.86×10−6) increase in the prevalence of glaucoma with increasing age overall and across glaucoma subtypes. Six individuals with glaucoma (12.8%) were blind in at least one eye. Of the individuals with glaucoma, 93.6% were previously undiagnosed. In individuals aged 40 years or older (n = 1057, 51.4% female), the mean (SD) IOP and VCDR was 14.39 (2.63) mmHg and 0.34 (0.16), respectively, and glaucoma prevalence was 4.16% (n = 44). The prevalence of glaucoma and undiagnosed disease is high in the Jirel population of Nepal. This study will inform strategies to minimize glaucoma-associated burden in Nepal.
Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Psychometric Testing of Yoruba Version of the EQ-5D Questionnaire in Patients With Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Fatoye Francis , Akinfala Abiodun Emmanuel , Gebrye Tadesse , Fatoye Clara , Ojelade Titilope Faith , Oyewole Olufemi Oyeleye , Mbada Chidozie Emmanuel 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) is a generic self-administered questionnaire used for the measurement and economic valuation of a wide range of health conditions, which necessitates its existence and adaptation in different languages. Currently, the tool does not exist in any Nigerian language. This study aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and determine the reliability and validity of the Yoruba version of the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire.MethodsThe International Quality of Life Assessment (IQOLA) project guidelines, involving forward translation, reconciliation and harmonization, backward translation, and reconciliation of problematic items were used in the Yoruba translated version of the EQ-5D-5L (EQ-5D-Yor). A total of 113 and 109 persons with musculoskeletal disorders participated in the validity and 7-day test-retest reliability testing of the EQ-5D-Yor. Convergent and discriminant validity of the EQ-5D-Yor were determined using the Yoruba version of the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) (SF-12-Y) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics of Spearman correlation, Intra-Class Correlation, Cronbach alpha, and multi-trait scaling analysis. Alpha level was set as p &lt; 0.05.ResultsThe construct validity of the EQ-5D-Yor yielded Spearman rho ranging from 0.438 to 1.000, with the EQ-VAS having the highest co-efficient (r = 1.000; p = 0.001). The convergent validity of the EQ-5D-Yor index with scales and domains of the SF-12-Y yielded no significant correlations (p &lt; 0.05), except for the physical functioning scale (r = −0.709, p = 0.001). On the other hand, the divergent validity of the EQ-5D-Yor index with VAS yielded a moderate negative correlation (r = −0.482; p = 0.001). The Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha for the test-retest reliability of the EQ-5D-Yor were 1.000 and 0.968. The confirmatory factor analysis showed the factor loadings were poor when including VAS in the model.ConclusionThe EQ-5D-Yor has acceptable validity and reliability and can be used as a valid tool among Yoruba speaking population with musculoskeletal disorders.
Il metodo educativo di don Luigi Giussani: una risposta valida all’urgenza formativa dei nostri giorni
Authors: Campagnaro Matteo 
Published: June 2022

The coronavirus pandemic particularly affected younger generations, exacerbating the educational crisis. Recognizing that educating young people remains a priority in our post-pandemic society, this article is a contribution to today's educational challenge. It presents and analyzes the new approach to education that was proposed by Luigi Giussani (1922-2005), a Milan priest and founder of the Communion and Liberation movement. His educational method can be summed up in four basic words: tradition, authority, verification and risk. In the first part of the article, we want to show how tradition represents everything in which a pupil is born, so it is a starting point, or rather a working hypothesis as defined by Giussani. This tradition must be lived in the present, guided by authority (second part of the article), which helps the young person to experience that everything he has received meets the deepest needs of his heart. The educator is an authority when he communicates himself, that is, shows that the tradition he transmits to the young person has been realized above all in him.
Finally, the consequence of this is education for criticism and verification (part three). For Giussani only in this way becomes the educational relationship a source of freedom and the possibility of true knowledge and authentic critical awareness.
Giussani proposes a pastoral care and education that is strongly focused on freedom, which manifests itself precisely in the capacity for verification and criticism. The pupil, living in freedom, constantly striving towards his destiny, is called to constantly verify whether this working hypothesis, that is, the tradition that has been handed down to him, is true, whether it really responds to the deep needs of the ultimate truth of his heart. And it is in freedom, that is, in the awareness of the paradox of dependence, that verification can be fully accomplished. This is the educational risk, which we'll cover in Part Four.
Changes in indicators of the prooxidant-antioxidant system in patients with drug addiction during the rehabilitation
Authors: Bykov I. M. , Lubchenko D. A. , Popov К. A. , Denisova Ya. E. , Stolyarova A. N. , Popova M. A. 
Published: June 2022

Background: Despite the positive dynamics in this scientific area, the prevalence of drug pathology in Russia and other countries of the world remains unfavorable. Determination of laboratory markers of pathobiochemical processes which are characteristic to the patients with substance use disorder is promising from the standpoint of monitoring the course of the disease and evaluating the effectiveness of therapy.Objective: To determine the characteristic changes in oxidative homeostasis of patients with addiction to psychostimulants and opioids at the rehabilitation and anti‑relapse stage.Material and methods: The study was performed with the participation of 20 relatively healthy male volunteers and 18 male patients with addiction to opioids or psychostimulants who then became participants of the rehabilitation and anti‑relapse course of treatment. Changes in oxidative stress markers during rehabilitation and anti‑relapse treatment were studied.Results: In comparison to the control values at the initial stage of the study, patients of the main group demonstrated decreased values of the iron‑reducing ability of blood plasma – by 25%, as well as those of the sorption radical ability of blood plasma – by 30%; the content of thiol groups of blood plasma proteins decreased by 24% while the concentration of glutathione in erythrocyte suspension lowered by 26%. The level of TBA‑reactive products in erythrocyte suspension corresponded to the control level. The performed rehabilitation manipulations contributed to the partial normalization of oxidative homeostasis, which was confirmed by a statistically significant increase in the ability of radical sorption of blood plasma by 20% and the concentration of reduced glutathione in erythrocyte suspension by 28% in comparison to the initial values of the corresponding parameters in patients of the 2nd group. The TBA‑reactive products remained within the control values.Conclusion: The studied markers are suitable for monitoring the state of oxidative homeostasis in patients with opioid or psychostimulant addiction, the imbalance of which at the end of the rehabilitation and anti‑relapse stage also indicates the prospects for strengthening the antioxidant component as part of drug or nutritional correction.
Spirituality on the Blog – Interpretation of the Narrative of a SMA Patient
Authors: Ciszewska Katarzyna 
Published: June 2022

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The main goal of this article is to try to recognize the importance of spirituality in the process of dealing with SMA described on the patient’s blog.
PROBLEM AND RESEARCH METHODS: We searched for answers to questions about the importance of spirituality in the context of struggling with the disease, religious coping strategies, and the way of growing in faith shown on the blog. A research approach was used, embedded in an interpretative paradigm, aimed at understanding and discovering the meanings given by the author of the narrative.
THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The introduction contains a description of the SMA, characterizes the blog as a research source and outlines the subject of the text. In the next section, the categories of spirituality and religious strategies for coping with disease are characterized, and research on the relationship between spirituality and health is reviewed. The presentation describes the methods used and the results of own research. In conclusion, an attempt was made to define the meaning of spirituality in the patient’s life in the context of his life with the disease. The implications for pedagogical practice include reflections on the role of accompaniment in illness in the context of spiritual growth.
RESEARCH RESULTS: Spirituality is an important part of the author’s life – he searched for answers regarding the meaning of suffering. He most often used a religious coping strategy through positive reevaluation (Harrison et al., 2001). The main motive for writing about transcendence seems to be the need to give a testimony. The blog is an illustration of the process of growing in faith.
CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS: The blog is a source of knowledge about patients’ experiences, helpful for specialists. Accompanying the sick person and listening to their history can be of educational value for both parties.
Gospodarcze horyzonty duchowości: duchowość jako stymulator aktywności ekonomicznej
Authors: Zdun Magdalena 
Published: June 2022

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest określenie „gospodarczych horyzontów” duchowości, co oznacza poszukiwanie odpowiedzi na pytanie, na ile znane jeszcze ze średniowiecza zachęty do „robienia postępów w swojej duchowości” zyskują na aktualności w kontekście wyzwań gospodarczych współczesnego świata.
PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Problem badawczy sprowadza się do wskazania wzajemnych powiązań pomiędzy aktywnością ekonomiczną a różnymi formami życia duchowego. Artykuł ma charakter teoretyczny, przez to też metodą analizy jest dyskusja koncepcji i stanowisk, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem klasyki teorii socjologicznej. Naczelną kategorią analityczną jest pojęcie duchowości.
PROCES WYWODU: Artykuł ma charakter teoretyczny i składa się z kilku powiązanych ze sobą części. W etapie pierwszym gospodarka zostaje przedstawiona jako proces współuczestnictwa, wymagający rzeczywistego zaangażowania aktorów społecznych. W etapie drugim dowiedzione zostaje, że zaangażowanie to warunkowane może być w sposób pozamaterialny, w tym religijny, a w konsekwencji też duchowy. Etap ostatni angażuje do podjętej tematyki kategorie nowej duchowości.
WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Efektem analizy jest wykazanie związku między duchowością a przedsiębiorczością i innymi formami aktywności ekonomicznej. Odkryty zostaje potencjał nowej duchowości i zagrożenia z nią związane.
WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: W rezultacie nowa duchowość daje się poznać jako szansa dla współczesnej gospodarki. Jej właściwe wymodelowanie wymaga jednak odpowiedniej formacji i pedagogiki.
Odpowiedzialność karna nieletnich we Francji i w Polsce. Uwagi prawne i pedagogiczne
Authors: Perska-Gradowska Paulina 
Published: June 2022

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest porównanie rozwiązań dotyczących odpowiedzialności karnej nieletnich we Francji i w Polsce, uwzględniając czynniki wpływające na ocenę sytuacji nieletniego oraz wychowanie w ramach kary.
PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Problem badawczy został sformułowany w postaci pytania: w jaki sposób we francuskim i polskim ustawodawstwie została uregulowana odpowiedzialność karna nieletnich. Analizie zostały poddane aktualne przepisy prawne, poglądy doktryny, orzecznictwo sądów z zakresu prawa karnego nieletnich.
PROCES WYWODU: Zdefiniowano podstawowe dla podjęcia analizy pojęcia oraz określono przesłanki warunkujące odpowiedzialność karną nieletnich, uwzględniając ich znaczenie w wymiarze pedagogicznym.
WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Francuski model przyjmuje odpowiedzialność karną nieletnich opartą na kryterium rozeznania bez określenia dolnej granicy wiekowej odpowiedzialności karnej. Model polski przewiduje odpowiedzialność karną nieletnich w wyjątkowych sytuacjach. W obu państwach nadrzędną zasadą jest podejmowanie działań w celu wychowania nieletnich.
WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Oba porównywane systemy przewidują wychowywanie nieletnich, ale różnicują sytuację prawną osoby nieletniej. Przyjęcie określonej koncepcji postępowania z nieletnimi wpływa na stosowane środki, uwarunkowania instytucjonalne pracy wychowawczej. Ważną rolę powinna odgrywać całościowa ocena nieletniego i jego sytuacji.
Kształcenie literackie na platformie Navoica jako reprezentacji uniwersytetów trzeciej generacji (studium przypadku)
Authors: Ślósarz Anna 
Published: June 2022

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem badania było zrozumienie przyczyn trudności kształcenia literackiego na platformie MOOC Navoica jako reprezentacji uniwersytetów trzeciej generacji.
PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Problem: z czego wynikły trudności, na które natrafiła autor‑ ka literaturoznawczego kursu MOOC. Metody: obserwacja uczestnicząca, instrumentalne studium przypadku, wywiady, analiza dokumentów zastanych.
PROCES WYWODU: Wstęp prezentuje ewolucję instytucji uniwersytetu, platformę Navoica i kurs MOOC. Następnie omówione są trudności, napotkane podczas implementacji tego kursu na platformę. Były związane z nadmiernym podziałem treści na jednostki, zbyt swobodną organizacją otwartego forum dyskusyjnego, administracyjnym zablokowaniem udostępniania prezentacji PowerPoint, utrudnieniem wstawiania hiperłączy, unifikacją testów, nadreprezentacją filmów i standaryzacją formy kursu. W zakończeniu przedstawione zostały propozycje przystosowania platformy Navoica do zamieszczania kursów literaturoznawczych.
WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Platforma Navoica jako reprezentacja uniwersytetów trzeciej gene‑ racji nastręczyła trudności w zamieszczaniu kursu literaturoznawczego. Platformę warto uzupełnić o funkcjonalności, ułatwiające projektowanie kursów humanistycznych.
WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Platformę Navoica można przystosować do potrzeb dydaktyki polonistycznej. Warto nawiązać bliższą współpracę administratorów platformy Navoica z przedstawicielami różnych dyscyplin naukowych, w tym zwłaszcza literaturoznawstwa, a także uczelniami, szkołami, instytucjami naukowymi i oświatowymi w celu rekomendowania wysokiej ja‑ kości zajęć humanistycznych, wsparcia rozwoju e-learningu i docenienia pracy autorów kursów.
Relationship between Blood Urea Level and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Djafar Dewi U. , Luntungan Marshell , Panda Agnes L. , Setiawan Steven 
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is associated with greater mortality among patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Renal dysfunction is considered to worsen the prognosis of STEMI patients. This study aimed to determine the correlation between blood urea level and left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with STEMI. This was a descriptive and analytical study using the Spearman’s rho test. Correlation was significant at the 0.05 level. Data were collected from iSTEMI Registry database of patients admitted in Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital from October 3rd, 2018 to July 28th, 2019. The results obtained 172 STEMI patients with the mean age of 59.47±9.92 years old, and most were male (77.3%). The median blood urea level was 37 mg/dL (IQR 16) whereas a mean ejection fraction was 46.43%±10.43. The Spearman’s rho test showed that higher blood urea level was significantly associated with lower left ventricular ejection fraction (p=0.01; r=-0.241). In conclusion, higher blood urea level is associated with decreased left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarctionKeywords: blood urea level; left ventricular ejection fraction; STEMI Abstrak: Fraksi ejeksi ventrikel kiri yang menurun dikaitkan dengan tingginya mortalitas pada penderita infark miokard akut (IMA) dengan elevasi segmen ST (STEMI). Disfungsi renal diketahui memperburuk prognosis penderita IMA-EST. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meng-evaluasi korelasi antara kadar ureum darah dengan fraksi ejeksi ventrikel kiri pada penderita STEMI. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik menggunakan data registri iSTEMI penderita STEMI yang dirawat di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou dari 3 Oktober 2018 hingga 28 Juli 2019. Penyajian deskriptif dan korelasi bivariat Spearman rho dilakukan untuk menganalisis hubungan kadar ureum darah dan fraksi ejeksi ventrikel kiri. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 172 penderita STEMI dengan usia rerata 59,47±9,92 tahun; mayoritas ialah laki-laki (77,3%); median kadar urea darah ialah 37 mg/dL (rentang interkuartil 16); dan rerata fraksi ejeksi ialah 46,43%±10,43. Hasil uji Spearman rho menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kadar urea darah secara bermakna berhubungan dengan fraksi ejeksi ventrikel kiri yang menurun (p=0,01; r=-0,241). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah peningkatan kadar urea darah berhubungan dengan menurunnya fraksi ejeksi ventrikel kiri pada penderita STEMI.Kata kunci: kadar urea darah; fraksi ejeksi ventrikel kiri; STEMI
Improvement of piezoelectric properties of relaxor type 0.695Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−0.305 PbTiO3 single crystal plate and silver vibrator by alternating current poling
Authors: Wang Zhuangkai , Yamashita Yohachi (John) , Sun Yiqin , Fujii Tadashi , Karaki Tomoaki 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Alternating current poling (ACP) and direct current poling (DCP) on [001]-oriented 0.695Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−0.305PbTiO3 (PMN-0.305PT) single crystal (SC) plates with a dimension of 12 × 4 × 0.3 mm and silver vibrators of 12 × 0.15 × 0.3 mm were investigated. The highest dielectric constant of 14500 and piezoelectric constant of 4200 pCN−1 were confirmed with the ACP SC plate manufactured by the conventional one charge Bridgman process. After array dicing into silver, the silver mode coupling coefficient k’
33 = 94.3% was obtained from ACP SC. However, many spurious mode vibrations (SMV) were seen in the impedance spectra of the DCP and ACP SC silver vibrators. We consider that this SMV may be caused by array dicing damage. The PMN-0.305PT SC plate near the morphotropic phase boundary shows excellent piezoelectric and dielectric properties, however, these silvers tend to show SMV after dicing. This information is useful to select the PMN-PT composition for medical probe application.