bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early alterations in cortical morphology after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients: A longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyu , Tan Yong , Yu Hong , Liu Jiang , Lan Xiaosong , Deng Yongchun , Yu Feng , Wang Chengfang , Chen Jiao , Zeng Xiaohua , Liu Daihong , Zhang Jiuquan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere is growing evidence that chemotherapy may have a significant impact on the brains of breast cancer patients, causing changes in cortical morphology. However, early morphological alterations induced by chemotherapy in breast cancer patients are unclear. To investigate the patterns of those alterations, we compared female breast cancer patients (n = 45) longitudinally before (time point 0, TP0) and after (time point 1, TP1) the first cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, using voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) and surface‐based morphometry (SBM). VBM and SBM alteration data underwent correlation analysis. We also compared cognition‐related neuropsychological tests in the breast cancer patients between TP0 and TP1. Reductions in gray matter volume, cortical thickness, sulcal depth, and gyrification index were found in most brain areas, while increments were found to be mainly concentrated in and around the hippocampus. Reductions of fractal dimension mainly occurred in the limbic and occipital lobes, while increments mainly occurred in the anterior and posterior central gyrus. Significant correlations were found between altered VBM and altered SBM mainly in the bilateral superior frontal gyrus. We found no significant differences in the cognition‐related neuropsychological tests before and after chemotherapy. The altered brain regions are in line with those associated with impaired cognitive domains in previous studies. We conclude that breast cancer patients showed widespread morphological alterations soon after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, despite an absence of cognitive impairments. The affected brain regions may indicate major targets of early brain damage after chemotherapy.
Research progress of endogenous neural stem cells in spinal cord injury
Authors: Wang Ya‐Ting , Yuan Hao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe disabling disease, which mainly manifests as impairments of sensory and motor functions, sexual function, bladder and intestinal functions, respiratory and cardiac functions below the injury plane. In addition, the condition has a profound effect on the mental health of patients, which often results in severe sequelae. Some patients may be paraplegic for life or even die, which places a huge burden on the family and society. There is still no effective treatment for SCI. Studies have confirmed that endogenous neural stem cells (ENSCs), as multipotent neural stem cells, which are located in the ependymal region of the central canal of the adult mammalian spinal cord, are activated after SCI and then differentiate into various nerve cells to promote endogenous repair and regeneration. However, the central canal of the spinal cord is often occluded to varying degrees in adults, and residual ependymal cells cannot be activated and do not proliferate after SCI. Besides, the destruction of the microenvironment after SCI is also an important factor that affects the proliferation and differentiation of ENSCs and spinal cord repair. Therefore, this review describes the role of ENSCs in SCI, in terms of the origin, transformation, treatment, and influencing factors, to provide new ideas for clinical treatment of SCI.
Social support and end‐of‐semester depression, burnout, and adjustment in students making the transition to university
Authors: Dunn Leigh C. , Alexander Sean M. , Howard Andrea L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNearly 40% of Canadian university students are depressed. However, strong social support may mitigate adverse outcomes for some. This study examined: (1) If students who showed initial depression were more likely to experience poorer end‐of‐semester well‐being (continued depressive symptoms, burnout, and poor social and academic adjustment); and (2) if social support was a moderator for initial depression effects on poorer end‐of‐semester well‐being. Participants (N = 461) were first‐time first‐year undergraduates who completed questionnaires in September and December 2018. Entering university with depressive symptoms was associated with end‐of‐semester depression, burnout and decreased academic adjustment. Across well‐being outcomes, social support was not beneficial for those who entered university with high depressive symptoms.
Are lower interest rates really associated with higher growth? New empirical evidence on the interest rate thesis from 19 countries
Authors: Lee Kang‐Soek , Werner Richard A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere is a substantial literature on the link between finance and growth. Empirical evidence remains inconclusive and the debate continues. In this paper, we adopt the research strategy of focusing on a narrower underlying issue that remains at the core of most macroeconomic theories, namely the interest rate thesis (that lower rates result in higher growth and vice versa). If there are problems with this relationship, this could explain the lack of consensus on the finance‐growth nexus. The question is also of practical relevance: Central banks have been focusing on interest rate policy on the assumption that the interest rate thesis holds. There are theoretical reasons why this may not be the case. We conduct an analysis of time‐varying dynamic conditional correlation in a GARCH model and of the direction of statistical causation between nominal interest rates and real economic activity in 19 industrialized and emerging economies. We find evidence that interest rates are not negatively correlated with economic growth and do not cause growth. Instead, we find evidence that the relationship may be the opposite in both dimensions. This adds to recent doubts about the prevailing conduct of monetary policy and common theoretical models. Specifically, lowering interest rates may be counter‐productive when trying to stimulate the economy.
Links between growth, trade and financial openness in South Africa: An empirical investigation
Authors: Katircioglu Setareh , Katircioglu Salih , Irani Farid 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study aims to confirm an empirical link between financial openness, foreign trade and income growth in South Africa. Although domestic credits, trade and growth are cointegrated, the findings indicate that no such link can be observed between money supply and exports as exports are a result of foreign demand and hence subject to foreign monetary factors rather than domestic financial development. The results of causality analyses reveal that the export‐led and supply‐leading hypotheses are confirmed for South Africa. Money supply in South Africa is also output driven. Finally, the study shows that changes in domestic credits precede significant changes in trade and growth in South Africa. As a result, this study suggests that the creation of domestic credits is a significant force behind trade and aggregate income in the region.
Implantable graded‐index fibers for neural‐dynamics‐resolving brain imaging in awake mice on an air‐lifted platform
Authors: Pochechuev Matvey S. , Fedotov Ilya V. , Martynov Grigoriy N. , Solotenkov Maxim A. , Ivashkina Olga I. , Rogozhnikova Olga S. , Fedotov Andrei B. , Anokhin Konstantin V. , Zheltikov Aleksei M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe demonstrate a versatile framework for cellular brain imaging in awake mice based on suitably tailored segments of graded‐index (GRIN) fiber. Closed‐form solutions to ray‐path equations for graded‐index waveguides are shown to offer important insights into image‐transmission properties of GRIN fibers, suggesting useful recipes for optimized GRIN‐fiber‐based deep‐brain imaging. We show that the lengths of GRIN imaging components intended for deep‐brain studies in freely moving rodents need to be chosen as a tradeoff among the spatial resolution, the targeted imaging depth and the degree of fiber‐probe invasiveness. In the experimental setting that we present in this paper, the head of an awake mouse with a GRIN‐fiber implant is fixed under a microscope objective, but the mouse is free to move around an in‐house‐built flat‐floored air‐lifted platform, exploring a predesigned environment, configured as an arena for one of standard cognitive tests. We show that cellular‐resolution deep‐brain imaging can be integrated in this setting with robust cell‐specific optical neural recording to enable in vivo studies with minimal physical restraints on animal models. The enhancement of the information capacity of the fluorescence signal, achieved via a suitable filtering of the GRIN‐fiber readout, is shown to open routes toward practical imaging modalities whereby the deep‐brain neuronal dynamics and axonal connections underpinning the integrative functions of essential brain structures can be studied in awake rodent models.
Shape memory injectable cryogel based on carboxymethyl chitosan/gelatin for minimally invasive tissue engineering: In vitro and in vivo assays
Authors: Olov Nafiseh , Mirzadeh Hamid , Moradi Roshanak , Rajabi Sarah , Bagheri‐Khoulenjani Shadab 
Published: June 2022

AbstractShape‐memory cryogels have drawn attention as an injectable system to minimize the risks associated with surgical implantation in tissue engineering. To achieve shape memory behavior with hydration as an external stimulus, it is necessary to have a porous elastic network. To achieve this, it is crucial to control the crosslinking process at the time of pore formation, especially for natural‐based polymers. In this study, a versatile method using a cryogelation method in the presence of chemical and physical crosslinkers is investigated to obtain an injectable super macroporous elastic structure based on a poly(ampholyte) (carboxymethyl chitosan) and a protein (gelatin). Mechanical, swelling, shape memorizing behavior, injectability, and in vitro and in vivo behavior of cryogels were studied. Cryogelation in a subzero temperature led to the formation of scaffolds with interconnected pores of the size of 350 μm which swelled completely after 3 min. Cryogels had crosslink density up to 22% and elastic modulus in the hydrated state up to 0.054 and 1.733 MPa at low and high strains, respectively, and low hysteresis (<30 kPa). Injectability studies confirmed the ability of the cryogels to be injected through a 16G needle. In vitro studies demonstrated good cellular penetration, cell adhesion, and high cell viability (>100%). In vivo studies using mice showed that the body's response was befitting without inflammation and any side effect for the liver and kidneys.
Mobilization with high‐dose granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor alone at 12 μg/kg twice a day in high‐risk pediatric patients: A retrospective analysis of the experience in a single center
Authors: Iriondo June , Zubicaray Josune , Sebastián Elena , González de Pablo Jesús , González‐Vicent Marta , Molina Blanca , López‐Torija Ivan , Castillo Ana , Ramírez Manuel , Madero Luis , Díaz Miguel Ángel , Sevilla Julián 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionMobilization regimes in pediatric patients at high risk for poor mobilization are not standardized across different institutions. We present a retrospective analysis of our experience with a high‐dose granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) regime of 12 μg/Kg per body weight (BW) twice a day for 4 days used in high‐risk patients.Material and methodsWe report the results of all pediatric patients mobilized with high‐dose G‐CSF between January 1999 and February 2021 in our center. A successful mobilization was defined as a peripheral blood (PB) CD34+ cell count of ≥10 CD34+ cells/μl on the fifth day of mobilization immediately before leukapheresis. A minimum cell yield of ≥2 × 106 CD34+ cells/Kg of BW was required for a successful collection.ResultsOf the 262 patients included in the analysis, mobilization failure was found in 27 (10.3%). In a univariate analysis, this was associated with age, weight, baseline diagnosis, and having undergone a previous mobilization cycle, the latter being the only factor that remained significantly associated in a multivariate analysis (P = 0.03). The 54 patients (20.6%) did not reach the minimum required CD34+ cell yield. 50.4% of the patients reported adverse events (AEs) during the mobilization period, and 23 (9.1%) reported 3 or more concomitant AEs. However, all of them were mild and did not affect the mobilization schedule.ConclusionsAlthough most high‐risk pediatric patients are successfully mobilized with the high‐dose G‐CSF regime, this approach does not salvage all of them and significantly increases the presence of AEs in comparison to standard‐dose regimes.
Controlled synthesis of aliphatic polycarbonate diols using dimethyl carbonate and various diols
Authors: Liu Tong , Wang Gongying , Yang Xiangui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPolycarbonate diols (PCDLs) are mainly used as soft segments for the synthesis of high‐performance polyurethanes. In this work, dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and aliphatic diols are selected as reactants and CH3COONa is used as a catalyst to synthesize a series of PCDLs with different structures and different molecular weights by ester exchange polymerization reaction. The chemical structures of the PCDLs are characterized by FT‐IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR, and the components of the distillates in the ester exchange stage are analyzed by gas chromatography. Due to the azeotropic problem of DMC and by‐product methanol during the ester exchange process, It is difficult to design and control the reactions of PCDLs to obtain the target molecular weight products. Based on the reaction process of PCDLs, we proposed a method to design and synthesize the target molecular weight of PCDLs by using the reaction molar ratio of DMC and aliphatic diols involved in the transesterification reaction, which is not affected by the conditions of transesterification reaction and is applicable to the reactions of DMC with various diols.
Association Between Antiosteoporotic Drugs and Risk of Acute Kidney Injury: A Cross‐Sectional Study Using Disproportional Analysis and a Pharmacovigilance Database
Authors: Mitsuboshi Satoru , Kaseda Ryohei , Narita Ichiei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe number of fractures related to osteoporosis is expected to increase. Therefore, clarifying the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with each type of antiosteoporotic drug may avoid discontinuation of osteoporosis pharmacotherapy due to onset of AKI. This cross‐sectional study using disproportional analysis and a pharmacovigilance database assessed the risk of AKI with various antiosteoporotic drugs by analyzing data entered into the US Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System from April 2014 to March 2021 and the Medical Data Vision database in Japan in November 2021. All antiosteoporotic drugs were investigated, including bisphosphonates, selective estrogen receptor modulators, denosumab, romosozumab, abaloparatide, and teriparatide. In the analysis of US Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System data, disproportionality for decreasing AKI was observed for oral ibandronate (reporting odds ratios [ROR], 0.22; 95%CI, 0.09‐0.45; P < .01), bazedoxifene (ROR, 0.26; 95%CI, 0.05‐0.77; P = .01), and intravenous ibandronate (ROR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.14‐0.86; P = .01). In the analysis of the Medical Data Vision data, the incidence of AKI was lower in patients taking intravenous ibandronate (odds ratio, 0.22; 95%CI, 0.06‐0.89; P = .03), and the incidence of AKI was higher in patients taking oral alendronate (odds ratio, 2.40; 95%CI, 2.08‐2.77; P < .01). Risk of AKI may differ even among oral antiosteoporotic drugs, and the evidence of this association should be assessed further in future drug safety studies.
The effect of thermal microenvironment in upper thermal tolerance plasticity in tropical tadpoles. Implications for vulnerability to climate warming
Authors: Turriago Jorge L. , Tejedo Miguel , Hoyos Julio M. , Bernal Manuel H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCurrent climate change is generating accelerated increase in extreme heat events and organismal plastic adjustments in upper thermal tolerances, (critical thermal maximum ‐CTmax) are recognized as the quicker mitigating mechanisms. However, current research casts doubt on the actual mitigating role of thermal acclimation to face heat impacts, due to its low magnitude and weak environmental signal. Here, we examined these drawbacks by first estimating maximum extent of thermal acclimation by examining known sources of variation affecting CTmax expression, such as daily thermal fluctuation and heating rates. Second, we examined whether the magnitude and pattern of CTmax plasticity is dependent of the thermal environment by comparing the acclimation responses of six species of tropical amphibian tadpoles inhabiting thermally contrasting open and shade habitats and, finally, estimating their warming tolerances (WT = CTmax – maximum temperatures) as estimator of heating risk. We found that plastic CTmax responses are improved in tadpoles exposed to fluctuating daily regimens. Slow heating rates implying longer duration assays determined a contrasting pattern in CTmax plastic expression, depending on species environment. Shade habitat species suffer a decline in CTmax whereas open habitat tadpoles greatly increase it, suggesting an adaptive differential ability of hot exposed species to quick hardening adjustments. Open habitat tadpoles although overall acclimate more than shade habitat species, cannot capitalize this beneficial increase in CTmax, because the maximum ambient temperatures are very close to their critical limits, and this increase may not be large enough to reduce acute heat stress under the ongoing global warming.
Impact of delay in adjuvant therapy for gallbladder adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hamad Ahmad , Aquina Christopher T. , Ansari Aliya , Salahuddin Aneesa , Shen Chengli , Cloyd Jordan M. , Pawlik Timothy M. , Ejaz Aslam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundReceipt of adjuvant therapy for gallbladder adenocarcinoma (GBAC) is associated with a survival benefit. This study sought to identify whether delays in initiation of adjuvant therapy among patients with resected GBAC impacts long‐term survival.MethodsPatients with stage II and III GBAC who underwent a curative‐intent resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiation between 2004 and 2017 were queried from the National Cancer Data Base. Descriptive statistics and multivariate models were constructed to determine the relationship between timely (<12 weeks) and delayed (>12 weeks) adjuvant therapy and overall survival (OS).ResultsA total of 871 patients with GBAC were identified. The median time to receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy was 67 days and the median time to receipt of adjuvant chemoradiation was 69 days. After controlling for all factors, treatment at an Academic/Research center was the only variable associated with timely receipt of adjuvant therapy. However, after controlling for clinically relevant factors, the timing of adjuvant therapy did not impact OS (delayed: HR 0.93, 95% CI: 0.46‐1.85; P = .83).ConclusionCurrent guidelines support the use of adjuvant therapy following resection of GBAC. This national cohort study demonstrates that delays in adjuvant therapy >12 weeks did not impact long‐term survival.
Risk factors for postoperative pneumonia after hepatectomy with extrahepatic bile duct resection
Authors: Uemura Masao , Ashida Ryo , Sugiura Teiichi , Okamura Yukiyasu , Ohgi Katsuhisa , Yamada Mihoko , Otsuka Shimpei , Notsu Akifumi , Uesaka Katsuhiko 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe present study investigated the incidence of postoperative pneumonia (POP) after hepatectomy with extrahepatic bile duct resection (BDR) and elucidated risk factors for POP.MethodsA total of 257 patients undergoing hepatectomy with BDR between 2011 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate the incidence of POP, defined by the Clavien‐Dindo grade ≥ II. The predictive factors for POP were identified using logistic regression analysis of the pre‐ and intraoperative evaluable factors.ResultsPostoperative pneumonia developed in 15 patients (5.8%), diagnosed as grade IV or V in five patients. In a multivariate analysis, a vital capacity ratio (%VC) <80% (odds ratio [OR] 7.30, P = .005), age ≥ 74 years old (OR 5.39, P = .026), and future liver volume remnant (FLR) ratio ≤ 40% (OR 4.97, P = .045) were independent risk factors for POP. Among patients with performing spirometry, the incidence of developing POP was 1.0%, 8.8%, and 60% in patients with 0, 1‐2, and 3 risk factors, respectively.ConclusionsThe incidence of POP in patients undergoing hepatectomy with BDR was 5.8%. A %VC <80%, age ≥74 years old, and FLR ratio ≤40% were identified as preoperative predictive factors of developing POP.
Ascites in infantile onset type II Sialidosis
Authors: Tazi Kaoutar , Guy‐Viterbo Vanessa , Gheldof Alexander , Empain Aurélie , Paternoster Anne , De Laet Corinne 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSialidosis is a rare autosomal‐recessive lysosomal storage disease due to mutations in the NEU1 gene leading to a deficit of alpha‐n‐acetyl neuraminidase and causing aberrant accumulation of sialylated glycoproteins/peptides and oligosaccharides in the lysosomes of various organs and tissues. Type II sialidosis (dysmorphic form) is classified into three subgroups based on the age of onset and the clinical severity: Congenital or neonatal, infantile (onset 0–12 months) and juvenile form (onset 13 months–20 years). We report the case of a 3‐year‐old boy with sialidosis type II infantile form, who developed a voluminous ascites. To the best of our knowledge, ascites is not described in the infantile form but in the congenital form of the disease. Ascites seems to be of a multifactorial origin regarding our investigations: on the one hand, portal hypertension and on the other hypoalbuminemia maintained by proteinuria secondary to nephrosialidosis. Loss of plasma proteins in the gastrointestinal tract (protein‐losing enteropathy) should also be considered in the case of portal hypertension and damages of the reticuloendothelial system.
A noise circulating VCO with an intrinsic injection locking tripler
Authors: Xing Zhao , Liu Huihua , Wu Yunqiu , Zhao Chenxi , Yu Yiming , Kang Kai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA noise circulating voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO) with an intrinsic injection locking tripler is introduced. Based on the conventional frequency tripling scheme, by integrating the injection transistor pair into the fundamental VCO core, the current of the fundamental VCO core is reused by the injection transistor pair, and the phase noise is reduced due to the noise circulating behavior. The proposed VCO may achieve the fundamental and 3rd harmonic outputs, simultaneously. A protype design is implemented in a standard 65 nm CMOS process, with a tuning range of 33.68–40.11 GHz (17.4%). The phase noise at 1‐MHz offset varies between −101.2 and −97.9 dBc/Hz among the tuning range. The FoMT is in the range of 190.4 and 187.9 dBc/Hz, at 1‐MHz offset.