bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Evaluation of Two Different Doses of Clonidine as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound-Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block for Pediatric Upper Limb Surgeries - A Randomized Trial
Authors: Sharma Rohan , Kamal Geeta , Agarwal Shilpa , Gupta Anju , Gupta Aikta , Kalra Bhumika 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Clonidine as an adjuvant to local anesthetic for regional anesthesia in upper limb surgeries has been extensively studied in adults, but there is a paucity of data regarding the dose of clonidine which is effective and safe as an adjuvant in children.

Aims:
To find the dose of clonidine that prolongs the duration of analgesia without prolonging the side effects.

Settings and Design:
Prospective, randomized, double-blind study.

Materials and Methods:
After taking informed consent from the parents/guardian, 42 children aged 3–12 years who were scheduled to undergo unilateral upper limb surgeries below the elbow were randomized into two groups of 21 each. Group A was given 0.5 μg.kg−1 of clonidine in addition to 0.5 mL.kg−1 of 0.25% bupivacaine and Group B received 1 μg.kg−1 of clonidine added to the same volume and concentration of local anesthetic for supraclavicular brachial plexus block under general anesthesia using ultrasound guidance. The drug administration and the recording of the observations were done by an investigator blinded to the dose of clonidine.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Statistical testing was conducted with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences system version SPSS 17.0.

Results:
The demographic parameters and baseline hemodynamic parameters were similar in the two groups. The block failed in one child in Group A. One patient in Group A required tramadol postoperatively while none of the patients in Group B required tramadol. The mean duration of analgesia (11.35 ± 1.54 h vs. 9.94 ± 1.04 h, P < 0.001) and the duration of motor block (8.86 ± 1.0 h vs. 7.77 ± 0.55 h, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in group B. Sedation scores were higher in the recovery room in Group B. Deep sedation, bradycardia, and respiratory depression were not observed in any of the cases.

Conclusions:
Clonidine 1 μg.kg−1 when added as an adjuvant to bupivacaine for pediatric supraclavicular brachial plexus block prolongs the duration of analgesia and motor block as compared to the dose of 0.5 μg.kg−1. However, this was at the cost of increased duration of motor block and sedation. Considering the clinical equivalence of the effect, a lower dose of clonidine would be preferable to avoid the undesirable effects.
Evaluation of Apical Microleakage in Endodontically Treated Teeth Using Three Sealer Materials
Authors: Shukri Biland M.S. , Jasim Haider Hasan , Gholam Mohammed Kassim 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
GuttaFlow Bioseal (Roeko–Coltene/Whaledent, Langenau, Germany), TotalFill Bioceramic (FKG Dentaire SA, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland), and AH Plus root canal sealers (Dentsply, DeTrey, Germany) are used to prevent communication between periapical space and the root canal. This study aims to evaluate the apical microleakage of three endodontic sealers.

Materials and Methods:
Seventy-five freshly extracted mandibular premolars were prepared and obturated with single-cone gutta-percha, then grouped into three groups according to the sealers used. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) test.

Results:
The least mean dye penetration was shown by GuttaFlow Bioseal sealer (1.31 mm), followed by TotalFill Bioceramic sealer (1.57 mm) and AH Plus sealer (2.63 mm); no dye penetration was found in the negative control group. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed statistically significant difference among all experimental groups (P < 0.001); Tukey test shows significant differences between all groups except for a nonsignificant difference between GuttaFlow Bioseal and TotalFill Bioceramic sealer (P = 0.6).

Conclusion:
All sealers showed varying levels of apical microleakage, with the least penetration in the GuttaFlow Bioseal group.
Does the Position of the Third Molar Have an Influence on the Location of Mandibular Fractures?
Authors: Moretti Julio Cesar C. , Camino Junior Rubens , Palmieri Jr Celso F. , Luz Joao Gualberto C. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
This study evaluated the possible influence of the lower third molar and its position on the location of fractures in all mandibular regions.

Methods:
Computed tomography scans of patients with mandibular fractures in any region seen between August 2018 and July 2019 were evaluated. The presence and classification of third molars according to their vertical and horizontal positions and angulations were analyzed. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test, tree algorithm, and random forest model.

Results:
A total of 49 patients with mandibular fractures were seen and 40 patients (80% men), with a mean age of 33.4 years, were included. There was no correlation between fracture location and the vertical (P = 0.93) and horizontal (P = 0.76) Pell and Gregory classifications. There was a statistically significant relationship between fracture location and the Winter angulation classification (P = 0.01).

Conclusion:
Relative to the possible influence of lower third molars and their position on the location of mandibular fractures in all mandibular regions, only the angulation of the third molar had an influence. There was no correlation between the presence and the classifications of third molar impaction.
Comparative Evaluation of Preoperative Imaging and Postoperative Histopathology in 108 Patients Who Underwent Laparoscopic- or Robot-Assisted Surgery for Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Terada Noriko , Matsuura Motoki , Kurokawa Shoko , Teramoto Mizue , Hanakenaka Masamitsu , Saito Tsuyoshi 
Published: September 2022

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to compare preoperative imaging evaluation results and postoperative histopathology examinations of patients who underwent laparoscopic- or robot-assisted surgery for suspected Stage IA endometrial carcinoma.

Materials and Methods:
There were 298 patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer at our institution between April 2014 and March 2019. Preoperative imaging evaluation based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) revealed 180 patients suspected of having Stage IA disease. Of these, 72 underwent open surgery, 12 underwent robot-assisted surgery, and 96 underwent laparoscopic surgery. In this study, preoperative imaging evaluation results and postoperative histopathology examinations of 108 patients who underwent laparoscopic- or robot-assisted surgery were retrospectively compared.

Results:
Of the 108 patients, who underwent laparoscopic- or robot-assisted surgery for suspected Stage IA disease, 98 had Stage IA, two had Stage IB, and four had Stages II and III disease. The sensitivity of imaging evaluations based on preoperative MRI and CT was 90.7%.

Conclusion:
Utilizing preoperative MRI and CT imaging resulted in a high rate of successful diagnosis of Stage IA endometrial carcinoma.
Correlation of central venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide difference to arterial-central venous oxygen difference ratio to lactate clearance and prognosis in patients with septic shock
Authors: Sindhu Kavya , Malviya Deepak , Parashar Samiksha , Pandey Chandrakant , Nath Soumya Sankar , Misra Shilpi 
Published: September 2022

Background:
To assess the relationship between the ratio of difference of venoarterial CO2 tension (P (v-a) CO2) and difference of arterio-venous oxygen content (C (a-cv) O2), i.e., ΔPCO2/ΔCaO2 with lactate clearance (LC) at 8 and 24 h, to define a cutoff for the ratio to identify LC >10% and >20% at 8 and 24 h, respectively, and its association with prognosis in septic shock.

Methods:
Adult patients with septic shock were included in this prospective, observational cohort study. Blood samples for arterial lactate, arterial, and central venous oxygen and carbon dioxide were drawn simultaneously at time zero (T0), 8 h (T8), and 24 h (T24). At T8, patients were divided into Group 8A (LC ≥10%) and Group 8B (LC <10%). At T24, patients were divided into Group 24A (LC ≥20%) and Group 24B (LC <20%).

Results:
Ninty-eight patients were included. The area under the curve of ΔPCO2/ΔCaO2 at T8 (0.596) and T24 (0.823) was the highest when compared to P(v-a) CO2 and C(a-v) O2. The best cutoff of P(v-a) CO2/C (a-v) O2 as predictor of LC >10% was 1.31 (sensitivity 70.6% and specificity 53.3%) and for LC >20% was 1.37 (sensitivity 100% and specificity 50%). At both T8 and T24, P(v-a) CO2/C (a-v) O2 showed a significant negative correlation with LC. Groups 8A and 24A showed lower intensive care unit mortality than 8B and 24B, respectively. Values of P(v-a) CO2/C (a-v) O2 at T8 were comparable, but at T24, there was a significant difference between the survivors and nonsurvivors (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
ΔPCO2/ΔCaO2 predicts lactate clearance, and its 24 h value appears superior to the 8-h value in predicting LC and mortality in septic shock patients.
Point-of-care versus central laboratory measurements of electrolytes and hemoglobin
Authors: Sahoo Sangeeta , Sahoo Jyotiranjan , Singh Neha , Hansda Upendra , Guru Satyabrata , Topno Nitish 
Published: September 2022

Background:
A blood gas analyzer is a point-of-care (POC) testing device used in the Emergency Department (ED) to manage critically ill patients. However, there were differences in results found from blood gas analyzers for hemoglobin (Hgb) and electrolytes parameters. We conducted a comparative validity study in ED in patients who had requirements of venous gas analysis, complete blood count, and electrolytes. The objective was to find the correlation of Hgb, sodium (Na+), and potassium (K+) values between the blood gas analyzer and laboratory autoanalyzer.

Methods:
A total of 206 paired samples were tested for Hgb, Na+, and K+. Total 4.6 ml of venous blood was collected from each participant, 0.6 ml was used for blood gas analysis as POC testing and 4 ml was sent to the central laboratory for electrolyte and Hgb estimation.

Results:
The mean difference between POC and laboratory method was 0.608 ± 1.41 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41–0.80; P < 0.001) for Hgb, 0.92 ± 3.5 (95% CI, 0.44–1.40) for Na+, and 0.238 ± 0.62 (95% CI, −0.32–0.15; P < 0.001) for K+. POC testing and laboratory method showed a strong positive correlation with Pearson correlation coefficient (r) of 0.873, 0.928, and 0.793 for Hgb, Na+, and K+, respectively (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Although there was a statistical difference found between the two methods, it was under the United States Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment range. Hence, starting the therapy according to the blood gas analyzer results may be beneficial to the patient and improve the outcome.
Evaluation of time to death after admission to an intensive care unit and factors associated with mortality
Authors: Mezzaroba Ana Luiza , Larangeira Alexandre S. , Morakami Fernanda K. , Junior Jair Jesus , Vieira Amanda A. , Costa Marina M. , Kaneshima Fernanda M. , Chiquetti Giovana , Colonheze Ulisses E. , Brunello Giovanna C.S. , Cardoso Lucienne T.Q. , Matsuo Tiemi , Grion Cintia M.C. 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Among nonsurvivors admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), some present early mortality while other patients, despite having a favorable evolution regarding the initial disease, die later due to complications related to hospitalization. This study aims to identify factors associated with the time until death after admission to an ICU of a university hospital.

Methods:
Retrospective longitudinal study that included adult patients admitted to the ICU between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2017. Nonsurviving patients were divided into groups according to the length of time from admission to the ICU until death: Early (0–5 days), intermediate (6–28 days), and late (>28 days). Patients were considered septic if they had this diagnosis on admission to the ICU. Simple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between time to death over the years of the study. Multivariate cox regression was used to assess risk factors for the outcome in the ICU.

Results:
In total, 6596 patients were analyzed. Mortality rate was 32.9% in the ICU. Most deaths occurred in the early (42.8%) and intermediate periods (47.9%). Patients with three or more dysfunctions on admission were more likely to die early (P < 0.001). The diagnosis of sepsis was associated with a higher mortality rate. The multivariate analysis identified age >60 years (hazard ratio [HR] 1.009), male (HR 1.192), mechanical ventilation (HR 1.476), dialysis (HR 2.297), and sequential organ failure assessment >6 (HR 1.319) as risk factors for mortality.

Conclusion:
We found a higher proportion of early and intermediate deaths in the study period. The presence of three or more organ dysfunctions at ICU admission was associated with early death. The diagnosis of sepsis evident on ICU admission was associated with higher mortality.
A Retrospective Study on Tuberculous Lymphadenitis
Authors: Mohiuddin Syed Ghouse , Sulaiman Syed Azhar Syed , Albitar Orwa , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid , Obaidullah Malik , Ghadzi Siti Maisharah Shaikh , Khan Amer Hayat , Mutallif Abdul Razak 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis represents about 14% of all cases of tuberculosis (TB) in Malaysia. The aim of the study includes the evaluation of sociodemographic factors, clinical manifestations, comorbidities among patients with tuberculous lymphadenitis and their treatment outcomes.

Methods:
The retrospective study was conducted from 2006 to 2008. Data on sociodemographic along with histopathological results were collected. The signs and symptoms were also recorded from TB registers, treatment cards, and TB medical personal files using the standard data collection tool. Among multiple variables, the significant factors identified by univariate analysis were included in the multivariate logistic regression to estimate the odds ratios with the 95% confidence intervals. The statistically significant P value was considered <0.05.

Results:
There were 348 (57%) males, and on the other hand, 262 (43%) females which shows almost equal incidence rate of lymphadenitis in both genders. The age group was observed from 2 to 83 years old. Therefore, the age group between 26 and 35 years showed 194 (31.8%) patients diagnosed with lymphadenitis and followed by 16–25 years (21%). The mean age was found as 34.3 ± 14.6 years were majorly reported with positive diagnosis. One hundred and ninety-six (32.1%) Malay population were found with tuberculous lymphadenitis followed by the Chinese population of 148 (24.3%). The other prominent races were Pilipino, Indonesians, and other expatriates. Geographically, patients were from 386 (63.3%) urban population were found positive for lymphadenitis and over 224 (36.7%) population of the rural region. The treatment outcome was observed 444 (72.8%) with successful treatment. The World Health Organization states the types of treatment failures, and accordingly, 85 (13.9%) patients were continued with the therapy that can be due to noncompliance or relapse of TB. Among the unsuccessful outcomes, 194 patients of age group 26–35 years, 65 (33.5%) were reported and 38 (29.7%) patients out of 128 between ages of 16–25 years. Blood test results showed erythrocyte sedimentation rate >10 in 280 (45.9%) patients. Therefore, among 280, there were 115 (41.1%) patients were found to have unsuccessful treatment showing very strong association with P < 0.001.

Conclusion:
The finding signifies that effect of weight loss on poor treatment outcomes' and active screening measures for patients with comorbidities are therefore recommended in patients with tuberculous lymphadenitis along with improvements in the diagnosis and early management of comorbidities complications. As young age group was found to have poor or unsuccessful treatment outcomes and required aggressive strategy together with educating patients can further increase the treatment success rate.
Sexual Health and Sexual Quality of Life Among Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury in Latin America
Authors: Di Giusto Melina Longoni , Ertl Melissa M. , Ramos-Usuga Daniela , Carballea Denise , Degano Mariela , Perrin Paul B. , Arango-Lasprilla Juan Carlos 
Published: September 2022

Background
Sexual changes are an area of primary concern for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) and their partners, but the topic has gone largely unexplored in the research literature.

Objectives
This study examined how individuals with SCI in Latin America experience their sexuality and what issues they and their partners face in this area.

Methods
A total of 248 individuals with SCI from Latin America completed an online 60-item survey regarding sexuality.

Results
The majority of participants (87.7%) reported that they had noticed changes in sexuality after the injury, mainly physical problems (50.7%), emotional problems (38.7%), and changes in relationships with partners (27.5%). Regarding sexual desire, 47.2% indicated that desire remained the same after SCI. The majority of participants (81.9%) indicated not having received any information about sexuality after SCI during their hospital stay but reported that they would have liked to have received information (98.1%). Of all participants, 66.1% reported never having been asked about problems or difficulties in their sexual life after SCI by any health professional.

Conclusion
Interventions designed to educate individuals with SCI regarding the effect of injury on their sexual functioning, responsiveness, and expression, as well as to support them in maintaining and enhancing their sexual well-being, may be extremely beneficial, particularly in Latin America. Findings highlight the distinct need for professionals to introduce the topic of sexuality by discussing it in a straightforward, nonjudgmental manner and to integrate discussions about sex and related issues into assessment, planning, and ongoing treatment.
HUBUNGAN KECEMASAN TENTANG PENULARAN PENYAKIT DENGAN PERAN KELUARGA DALAM PERAWATAN PENYAKIT TB PARU DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PASIR NANGKA KABUPATEN TANGERANG
Authors: Silitonga Linda , Ayu Pratiwi  , Rina Puspitasari  
Published: September 2022

Tuberkulosis (TBC) menjadi masalah kesehatan global. Sepertiga populasi dunia tertular TBC dan menjadi penyebab utama kedua kematian dari penyakit menular diseluruh dunia. Penyakit Tuberkulosis dapat terjadi karena adanya perilaku dan sikap keluarga yang kurang baik. Begitupun dalam hal mempercepat proses penyembuhan pasien TB Paru diperlukan perawatan yang sangat intensif terlebih dari pihak keluarga. Tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kecemasan tentang penularan penyakit dengan peran keluarga dalam perawatan penyakit TB Paru di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pasir Nangka Kabupaten Tangerang. Desain penelitian termasuk survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 106 responden. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan tehnik accidental sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan uji Chi Square. Hasil berdasarkan analisis univariat dari 106 responden mayoritas kecemasan berat sebesar 43,4% dan peran keluarga baik sebesar 60,4%. Hasil analisis bivariat dengan uji chi square didapat ada hubungan antara kecemasan tentang penularan penyakit (p-value 0,000) dengan peran keluarga dalam perawatan penyakit TB Paru. Kesimpulan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara kecemasan dengan peran keluarga. Saran agar responden dapat aktif dan meningkatkan pengetahuannya mengenai penyakit TB Paru dan juga cara pencegahannya, supaya dapat membedakan mana yang perlu dicemaskan dan mana yang tidak perlu dicemaskan, dan agar dapat menumbuhkan kesadaran kepada keluarga juga masyarakat supaya bahu membahu untuk melakukan upaya perawatan penyakit TB Paru
HEMŞİRELİK ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN İZOLASYON ÖNLEMLERİNE UYUM, TUTUM VE DAVRANIŞLARININ BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: ÜNSAR Serap , YILDIZ ÇİLENGİROĞLU İrem , MEŞHUR Gülcan , DUMAN Esra , ÖZLEMİŞ Nilay 
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Bu tanımlayıcı kesitsel çalışma öğrenci hemşirelerin izolasyon önlemlerine uyumlarını ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla planlandı.
Yöntem: Araştırma 328 öğrenci ile yürütüldü. Veriler İzolasyon Önlemlerine Uyum Ölçeği ile toplandı. p˂0.05 değeri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edildi.
Bulgular: Kız öğrencilerin bulaşma yolu, el hijyeni ve eldiven kullanımı alt boyut ve izolasyon önlemlerine uyum toplam puan ortalaması erkeklere göre daha yüksekti (p
HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL LITERACY LEVELS OF IMMIGRANT AND NON-IMMIGRANT UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AND RELATED FACTORS
Authors: GÖKÇAY Gönül , ÇEVİRME Ayşe 
Published: September 2022

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the health and environmental literacy levels and related factors of immigrant and non-immigrant university students.
Method: The research was carried out in descriptive and relationship-seeking type. The study sample constitute 860 students studying at a state university in the East of Turkey. The data were collected with the Socio-demographic Information Form, Turkey Health Literacy Scale (THLS-32) and Environmental Literacy Scale. Evaluation of the data; It was performed by using SPSS package program with number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t test, f test and correlation analysis. Statistical significance was accepted as p
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah dan Profesionalitas Guru terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik untuk Mata Pelajaran Fiqih di MI Mathla’ul Huda Babakan 02
Authors: Sastrajaya Sastrajaya 
Published: September 2022

The improvement of student learning outcomes at MI Mathla'ul Huda Babakan 02 is supported and influenced by various factors, both external and internal students. These factors include the leadership factor of the head of the madrasa and the factor of teacher professionalism at MI Mathla'ul Huda Babakan 02. The purpose of this study is to determine 1) the influence of madrasah head leadership on student learning outcomes, 2) the influence of teacher professionalism on student learning outcomes, and 3) the influence of madrasah head leadership and teacher professionalism together on student learning outcomes at MI Mathla'ul Huda Babakan 02. The results showed that the teacher's professionalism variables were more dominant in influencing the learning outcomes of students than the leadership variables of madrasah heads. This is evident from the results of the determination test showing that the correlation and determination variables of rhitung teacher professionalism were 39.6% and R2 was 0.396, while for the leadership variables of the head of the rhitung madrasah was 32.6% and R2 was 0.326.
Keywords: madrasa head leadership, teacher professionalism, learner learning outcomes