bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsive curriculum development for professional education: Different teams, different tales
Authors: Vreuls Joyce , Koeslag‐Kreunen Mieke , van der Klink Marcel , Nieuwenhuis Loek , Boshuizen Henny 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDue to fast and unpredictable developments, professional education is challenged with being responsive, which demands a rethinking of conventional curriculum development approaches. Yet, literature on curriculum development falls short in terms of recognising how to react rapidly and adequately to these new developments. This study focuses on curriculum development initiatives at the school level in a Dutch university of applied sciences. Open interviews were held with 29 curriculum developers to explore how they define and give substance to developing curricula for new, changing or unpredictable professions. These 29 participants were involved in seven curriculum development trajectories. Four themes were detected: (1) curriculum developers are in favour of open, flexible and authentic curricula; (2) the context in which the curriculum development takes place and the different roles and responsibilities of curriculum developers are challenging; (3) curriculum developers feel insufficiently equipped to carry out their tasks; and (4) involving stakeholders is necessary but results in a “viscous” social–political process. Responsive curriculum development requires a great deal of flexibility and adaptability from curriculum developers. Yet, in our study, “institutional concrete” is found to severely hinder responsive curriculum development processes. To be responsive, such processes need to be supported and institutional barriers need to be removed.
Acute transient thyroid swelling after fine‐needle aspiration biopsy: A case report of a rare complication and a literature review
Authors: Zeng Wenli , Lu Jinming , Yan Ziyan , Liu Yanna , Deng Wenfeng , Zhou Yi , Xu Wenwei , Wang Yuchen , Xu Jian , Miao Yun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is a safe and effective thyroid examination method with rare complications. Herein, we report a rare case of acute transient thyroid swelling that occurred after ultrasound‐guided FNAB. The patient experienced acute pain with rapid thyroid swelling. Ultrasound imaging revealed a nodule with a linear, hypoechoic, and “patch‐like” appearance, indicating edema without hemorrhage. After receiving anti‐anaphylaxis and detumescence therapy for 1 day, the swelling regressed. Acute transient thyroid swelling is an extremely rare event that occurs shortly after FNAB and may frighten patients; therefore, clinicians should be aware of this complication in this context.
Cicada nymphs dominate American black bear diet in a desert riparian area
Authors: Lundgren Erick J. , Moeller Karla T. , Clyne Michael Otis , Middleton Owen S. , Mahoney Sean M. , Kwapich Christina L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAmerican black bears are considered dependent on high‐elevation forests or other montane habitats in the drylands of western North America. Black bear sign, including that of cubs, was observed throughout the summers of 2015, 2016, and 2018 along a perennial desert river in the Sonoran Desert of Arizona. We analyzed the contents of 21 black bear scats, collected from May to October of 2016 and 2018. Apache cicada nymphs (Diceroprocta apache) were the dominant food item, occurring in 90% of scats and comprising an average of 59% of scat contents. In the process of excavating these nymphs, bears created large areas of turned‐over soil, a form of ecosystem engineering with potential implications for soils, vegetation, and fluvial geomorphology. Given that species distributions are shaped by physiological and ecological contexts, as well as anthropogenic legacies, it is possible that black bears once occurred more commonly in desert riparian systems prior to widespread agricultural development, hunting, and dewatering. Although more research is necessary, we suggest that desert riparian systems may be an alternative habitat for black bears. Better understanding the diet and habitat breadth of American black bears is important in the context of increasing landscape fragmentation and militarization in the U.S.‐Mexican borderlands.
Amplicon_sorter: A tool for reference‐free amplicon sorting based on sequence similarity and for building consensus sequences
Authors: Vierstraete Andy R. , Braeckman Bart P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) is a third‐generation sequencing technology that is gaining popularity in ecological research for its portable and low‐cost sequencing possibilities. Although the technology excels at long‐read sequencing, it can also be applied to sequence amplicons. The downside of ONT is the low quality of the raw reads. Hence, generating a high‐quality consensus sequence is still a challenge. We present Amplicon_sorter, a tool for reference‐free sorting of ONT sequenced amplicons based on their similarity in sequence and length and for building solid consensus sequences.
Seed dormancy varies widely among Arabidopsis thaliana populations both between and within Fennoscandia and Italy
Authors: Zacchello Giulia , Bomers Svenja , Böhme Cecilia , Postma Froukje M. , Ågren Jon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe timing of germination is a key life‐history trait in plants, which is strongly affected by the strength of seed dormancy. Continental‐wide genetic variation in seed dormancy has been related to differences in climate and the timing of conditions suitable for seedling establishment. However, for predictions of adaptive potential and consequences of climatic change, information is needed regarding the extent to which seed dormancy varies within climatic regions and the factors driving such variation.We quantified dormancy of seeds produced by 17 Italian and 28 Fennoscandian populations of Arabidopsis thaliana when grown in the greenhouse and at two field sites in Italy and Sweden. To identify possible drivers of among‐population variation in seed dormancy, we examined the relationship between seed dormancy and climate at the site of population origin, and between seed dormancy and flowering time.Seed dormancy was on average stronger in the Italian compared to the Fennoscandian populations, but also varied widely within both regions. Estimates of seed dormancy in the three maternal environments were positively correlated. Among Fennoscandian populations, seed dormancy tended to increase with increasing summer temperature and decreasing precipitation at the site of population origin. In the smaller sample of Italian populations, no significant association was detected between mean seed dormancy and climate at the site of origin. The correlation between population mean seed dormancy and flowering time was weak and not statistically significant within regions.The correlation between seed dormancy and climatic factors in Fennoscandia suggests that at least some of the among‐population variation is adaptive and that climate change will affect selection on this trait. The weak correlation between population mean seed dormancy and flowering time indicates that the two traits can evolve independently.
Evaluation of a hydrogen signal detection method using a compact NMR sensor for the measurement of ion concentrations in culture medium
Authors: Ohkawara Seiichi , Miura Kentaro , Hirano Harutoyo , Ota Satoshi , Futagawa Masato 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn recent years, the demand for highly nutritious and functional vegetables has been increasing in the agricultural sector. In order to cultivate highly functional vegetables, it is necessary to adjust the nutrients in the soil, such as potassium ions, to an optimal state. Therefore, there is a need for a sensor that can measure soil ion concentration in real time in the field. In this report, we aim to develop an ion concentration sensor using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Since the sensor observes atomic specific behavior, it has the potential to measure the concentration of each ion species in soil where multiple ions exist. In this study, we aim to realize compact NMR and to establish a method for NMR measurement of water ahead of ion measurement. Using an NMR measurement system of our own design, we measured water and air. As a result, NMR signal spectra were obtained only when measuring water under resonance conditions, and resonance frequency of hydrogen atoms were successfully measured. We have established an NMR signal measurement method for measuring ion concentrations using a small NMR sensor that can be installed in the agriculture.
Competition–colonization dynamics and multimodality in diversity–disturbance relationships
Authors: Liao Jinbao , Barabás György , Bearup Daniel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDisturbance has long been recognized as a critical driver of species diversity in community ecology. Recently, it has been found that the well‐known intermediate disturbance hypothesis, which predicts a unimodal diversity–disturbance relationship (DDR), fails to describe numerous experimental observations, as empirical DDRs are diverse. Consequently, the precise form of the DDR remains a topic of debate. Here we develop a simple yet comprehensive metacommunity framework that can account for complex competition patterns. Using both numerical simulations and analytical arguments, we show that strongly multimodal DDRs arise naturally, and this multimodality is quite robust to changing parameters or relaxing the assumption of a strict competitive hierarchy. Having multimodality as a robust property of DDRs in competition models suggests that much of the noise observed in empirical DDRs could be a critical signature of the underlying competitive dynamics.
Temporal changes of genetic structure and diversity in a marine diatom genus discovered via metabarcoding
Authors: Ruggiero Maria Valeria , Kooistra Wiebe H.C.F. , Piredda Roberta , Sarno Diana , Zampicinini Gianpaolo , Zingone Adriana , Montresor Marina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDiatoms’ bloom dynamics, with seasonal cycling of waxes and wanes of cell abundance, imply frequent bottleneck and expansion events that can leave signatures in the genetic structure and diversity of populations. We explored changes in genetic diversity and structure within multiple species of the planktonic marine diatom genus Pseudo‐nitzschia living in sympatry in the Gulf of Naples (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) over 48 sampling dates (from 2011 to 2013) by means of metabarcode data. The genus Pseudo‐nitzschia includes complexes of cryptic species along with morphologically distinguishable ones. We assessed the resolution power of the hypervariable V4 region of the 18S rDNA in delimiting species using different algorithms and a set of reference sequences. We measured intra‐specific genetic diversity and differentiation among species over three annual cycles. Between‐species divergence was higher in the P. pseudodelicatissima complex, while signs of incomplete lineage sorting and/or introgression were detected in the P. delicatissima complex. Most of the species showed significant population differentiation over time, due to changes in haplotypic composition over the three years. Some haplotypes were lost and new ones appeared, with high polymorphism in species of the P. delicatissima complex. We hypothesize that the observed temporal changes in genetic structure result from frequent founder events linked to a population dynamic characterized by cyclical alternation of clonal expansions and bottlenecks and discuss possible factors affecting the microevolutionary pathways in these planktonic diatoms.
A proposal of a new gradient driver with a gradational voltage inverter for low power loss
Authors: Oishi Masayuki , Kobayashi Ryosuke , Sakashita Tomokazu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a new gradient driver with a gradational voltage inverter for low power loss and downsized filter circuits. Gradient drivers produce direct current with low ripple amplitudes to achieve high image quality and high slew rates to obtain images rapidly. The proposed gradient driver is characterized by low ripple amplitude of the output current from the inverter composed of SiC‐MOSFETs and high output voltage from another inverter composed of IGBTs. This paper discusses both the principle of operation and control method of the new gradient driver. Experimental verification is performed on a full‐scale system. The results show the advantages of the proposed gradient driver based on loss analysis by calculations.
Development of a Quasi–Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship Model for Prediction of the Immobilization Response of Daphnia magna Exposed to Metal-Based Nanomaterials
Authors: Bunmahotama Warisa , Vijver Martina G. , Peijnenburg Willie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The conventional Hill equation model is suitable to fit dose–response data obtained from performing (eco)toxicity assays. Models based on quasi–quantitative structure–activity relationships (QSARs) to estimate the Hill coefficient (nH) were developed with the aim of predicting the response of the invertebrate species Daphnia magna to exposure to metal-based nanomaterials. Descriptors representing the pristine properties of nanoparticles and media conditions were coded to a quasi–simplified molecular input line entry system and correlated to experimentally derived values of nH. Monte Carlo optimization was used to model the set of nH values, and the model was trained on the basis of reported dose–response relationships of 60 data sets (n = 367 individual response observations) of 11 metal-based nanomaterials as obtained from 20 literature reports. The model simulates the training data well, with only 2.3% deviation between experimental and modeled response data. The technique was employed to predict the dose–response relationships of 15 additional data sets (n = 72 individual observations) not included in model development of seven metal-based nanomaterials from 10 literature reports, with an average error of 3.5%. Combining the model output with either the median effective concentration value or any other known effect level as obtained from experimental data allows the prediction of full dose–response curves of D. magna immobilization. This model is an accurate screening tool that allows the determination of the shape and slope of dose–response curves, thereby greatly reducing experimental effort in case of novel advanced metal-based nanomaterials or the prediction of responses in altered exposure media. This screening model is compliant with the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement) principle, which is embraced by the scientific and regulatory communities dealing with nano-safety. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1439–1450. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Effects of physical exercise on muscle metabolism and meat quality characteristics of Mongolian sheep
Authors: Zhang Min , Guo Yueying , Su Rina , Corazzin Mirco , Li Jiale , Huang Huan , Zhang Yue , Yao Duo , Su Lin , Zhao Lihua , Jin Ye 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise training on muscle metabolism, fatty acid composition, carcass traits, and meat quality characteristics of Mongolian sheep. Fourteen Mongolian sheep were randomly divided into two groups (7 sheep in each) and placed in two adjacent livestock pens. One group of sheep was kept in the pen (Control [C] group) and the other group of sheep (Training [T] group) were driven away in a field to walk twice a day. The results showed a reduction in pH measured 45 min post mortem, L*, a*, and b* value, intramuscular fat, and carcass length, and an increase in the ultimate pH value and shear force in the meat of T group in comparison with that of C group (p < .050). Also, exercise training moderately affected the fatty acid composition of LT muscle. Compared with C group, the concentrations of myristoleic acid (C14:1) and stearic acid (C18:0) were increased (p < .050), while the concentrations of C20:3 n‐6, neurolic acid (C24:1), and n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) were decreased in T group (p < .050). Transcriptome analysis highlighted 621 genes differentially expressed in two groups, including 385 were up‐regulated (e.g., GLUT4 and PGC‐1α) and 236 were down‐regulated (e.g., PLIN1 and ACSL3) in T with respect to C group. Besides, considering these genes, a number of enrichment pathways related to muscle metabolic processes, involving carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, oxidation reduction process, and muscle tissue development, were highlighted. In conclusion, these results contributed to a better understanding of the possible biological and molecular processes underlying the effects of exercise training on muscle metabolism and meat quality in Mongolian sheep, and provide useful information for contributing to understand the phenotypic and functional differences in meat quality of sheep.
Evaluation of passion fruit mesocarp flour on the paste, dough, and quality characteristics of dried noodles
Authors: Ning Xin , Zhou Yahan , Wang Zhen , Zheng Xiaodong , Pan Xiaoli , Chen Zhilin , Liu Qiuping , Du Wei , Cao Xiaohuang , Wang Lei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractReasonable intake of high‐fiber staple food is already one of the most effective measures in fiber deficiency disease prevention and control. Passion fruit mesocarp flour (PFMF), the primary byproduct during passion fruit processing, was utilized to manufacture high‐fiber dried noodles. The presence of PFMF boosted wheat flour gelatinization and retrogradation. The competition for water between PFMF and wheat flour inhibited the formation of the gluten network, which harmed the cooking properties and decreased consumer acceptance of the resulting dried noodles. Nevertheless, PFMF fortification could considerably increase the dietary fiber content of noodles. Especially for noodles with 9% PFMF, the total dietary fiber content was greater than 6%, and they thus could be regarded as a high‐dietary‐fiber food. Generally, the current work demonstrates the feasibility of fabricating PFMF‐enriched dried noodles and their nutritional superiority compared to the corresponding normal product.
Identification of novel prostate cancer genes in patients stratified by Gleason classification: Role of antitumoral genes
Authors: Díaz de la Guardia‐Bolívar Elisa , Barrios‐Rodríguez Rocío , Zwir Igor , Jiménez‐Moleón José Juan , del Val Coral 
Published: March 2022

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is a tumor with a great heterogeneity, both at a molecular and clinical level. Despite its global good prognosis, cases can vary from indolent to lethal metastatic and scientific efforts are aimed to discern those with worse outcomes. Current prognostic markers, as Gleason score, fall short when it comes to distinguishing these cases. Identification of new early biomarkers to enable a better PCa distinction and classification remains a challenge. In order to identify new genes implicated in PCa progression we conducted several differential gene expression analyses over paired samples comparing primary PCa tissue against healthy prostatic tissue of PCa patients. The results obtained show that this approach is a serious alternative to overcome patient heterogeneity. We were able to identify 250 genes whose expression varies along with tissue differentiation—healthy to tumor tissue, 161 of these genes are described here for the first time to be related to PCa. The further manual curation of these genes allowed to annotate 39 genes with antitumoral activity, 22 of them described for the first time to be related to PCa proliferation and metastasis. These findings could be replicated in different cohorts for most genes. Results obtained considering paired differential expression, functional annotation and replication results point to: CGREF1, UNC5A, C16orf74, LGR6, IGSF1, QPRT and CA14 as possible new early markers in PCa. These genes may prevent the progression of the disease and their expression should be studied in patients with different outcomes.
Saturnenes Like Th@Au6D6h: Ring‐Current Evidence for Au−Au Bonding Along the Gold Ring
Authors: Pyykkö Pekka , Taubert Stefan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe electronic structure and stability of M′@Mn systems is considered using DFT. The metal atom M′ is a rare earth, actinide, or a d transition metal, and M is a coinage (Group 11) metal. The σ aromaticity along the Mn ring is emphasized. As a further indicator for it, the magnetically induced currents along the ring are studied, and found to be considerably larger than the aromatic π currents in benzene. A name saturnenes is suggested for these atom‐inside‐ring systems. Attention is also called for the known analogous stick‐inside‐ring systems.
Predicting microbiome compositions from species assemblages through deep learning
Authors: Michel‐Mata Sebastian , Wang Xu‐Wen , Liu Yang‐Yu , Angulo Marco Tulio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMicrobes can form complex communities that perform critical functions in maintaining the integrity of their environment or their hosts' wellbeing. Rationally managing these microbial communities requires improving our ability to predict how different species assemblages affect the final species composition of the community. However, making such a prediction remains challenging because of our limited knowledge of the diverse physical, biochemical, and ecological processes governing microbial dynamics. To overcome this challenge, we present a deep learning framework that automatically learns the map between species assemblages and community compositions from training data only, without knowing any of the above processes. First, we systematically validate our framework using synthetic data generated by classical population dynamics models. Then, we apply our framework to data from in vitro and in vivo microbial communities, including ocean and soil microbiota, Drosophila melanogaster gut microbiota, and human gut and oral microbiota. We find that our framework learns to perform accurate out‐of‐sample predictions of complex community compositions from a small number of training samples. Our results demonstrate how deep learning can enable us to understand better and potentially manage complex microbial communities.
Longitudinal associations between appearance‐related social media consciousness and adolescents' depressive symptoms
Authors: Maheux Anne J. , Roberts Savannah R. , Nesi Jacqueline , Widman Laura , Choukas‐Bradley Sophia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionFrequent social media use among adolescents is associated with depressive symptoms, though prior work has overwhelmingly used cross‐sectional designs and focused on “screen time.” Subjective social media experiences, such as the concern with one's physical appearance on social media, may be more relevant to adolescents' depressive symptoms than mere frequency of use. Appearance‐related social media consciousness (ASMC) is the preoccupation with one's physical attractiveness in social media photos and has been associated with depressive symptoms above and beyond frequency of social media use in prior cross‐sectional work.MethodsIn this brief report, we assessed this association longitudinally over 1 year within a diverse sample of highschool adolescents in the Southeastern US (n = 163, M age = 16.19; 55.8% girls; 44.8% White, 23.9% Black, 26.4% Hispanic/Latinx; 49.7% received free or reduced‐price lunch).ResultsBaseline ASMC was associated with higher depressive symptoms 1 year later, even when controlling for time spent on social media. Although girls reported higher levels of ASMC, associations were similar for adolescent boys and girls. No evidence was found that heightened depressive symptoms at baseline were associated with higher ASMC 1 year later.ConclusionsThe findings highlight the importance of physical appearance concerns on social media—above and beyond the frequency of use—in the development of depressive symptoms among adolescents. Implications for future research to examine the role of subjective social media experiences in adolescents' depressive symptoms are discussed.