bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shift-work sleep disorder among health care workers at public hospitals, the case of Sidama national regional state, Ethiopia: A multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Adane Adugnaw , Getnet Mihret , Belete Mekonnen , Yeshaw Yigizie , Dagnew Baye 
Published: July 2022

Introduction
Shift-work disrupts circadian rhythm, resulting in disturbed sleep time and excessive sleepiness during the work shift. Little is known about shift-work sleep disorder among health care workers in Ethiopia. This study examined the magnitude and associated factors of shift-work sleep disorder among health care workers in Public Hospitals in Sidama National Regional State, Southern Ethiopia.

Methods
An institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 398 health care workers selected using a systematic random sampling technique. A self-administered structured questionnaire consisting of insomnia, sleepiness scales and international classification of sleep disorder criteria items was employed. Epi data version 4.6 and Stata 14 were used for data entry and statistical analysis respectively. Binary logistic regression was fitted to determine associated factors and decision for the statistical significance was made at p<0.05 in the multivariable binary logistic regression.

Results
Three hundred and ninety-eight health care workers (female = 53%) were included in the analysis with a response rate of 94.8%. The prevalence of shift-work sleep disorder was 33.67% (95% CI: 29.17%-38.45%). Being married (AOR = 1.88 (1.01–3.28)), three-shift (AOR = 1.078 (1.00–3.16)), ≥11 night shifts per month (AOR = 2.44 (1.36–4.38)), missing nap (AOR = 1.85 (1.04–3.30)), daily sleep time < 7hours (AOR = 1.88 (1.05–3.38)), khat chewing (AOR = 2.98 (1.27–8.09)), alcohol drinking (AOR = 2.6(1.45–4.92)), and cigarette smoking (AOR = 3.32 (1.35–8.14)) were significantly associated with shift-work sleep disorder.

Conclusion
This study showed a high prevalence of shift-work sleep disorder. Two shift schedule, napping, and reduction of substance use might reduce shift-work sleep disorder.
Facilitators and barriers to COVID-19 vaccination uptake among ethnic minorities: A qualitative study in primary care
Authors: Magee Lucia , Knights Felicity , Mckechnie Doug G. J. , Al-bedaery Roaa , Razai Mohammad S. 
Published: July 2022

Introduction
COVID-19 vaccination effectively reduces severe disease and death from COVID-19. However, both vaccine uptake and intention to vaccinate differ amongst population groups. Vaccine hesitancy is highest amongst specific ethnic minority groups. There is very limited understanding of the barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Black and South Asian ethnicities. Therefore, we aimed to explore COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in primary care patients from South Asian (Bangladeshi/Pakistani) and Black or Black British/African/Caribbean/Mixed ethnicities.

Methods
Patients from the above ethnicities were recruited using convenience sampling in four London general practices. Telephone interviews were conducted, using an interpreter if necessary, covering questions on the degree of vaccine hesitancy, barriers and potential facilitators, and decision-making. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. Data collection and analysis occurred concurrently with the iterative development of the topic guide and coding framework. Key themes were conceptualised through discussion with the wider team.

Results
Of thirty-eight interviews, 55% (21) of these were in Black or Black British/African/Caribbean/Mixed ethnicities, 32% (12) in Asian / British Asian and 13% (5) in mixed Black and White ethnicities. Key themes included concerns about the speed of vaccine roll-out and potential impacts on health, mistrust of official information, and exposure to misinformation. In addition, exposure to negative messages linked to vaccination appears to outweigh positive messages received. Facilitators included the opportunity to discuss concerns with a healthcare professional, utilising social influences via communities and highlighting incentives.

Conclusion
COVID-19 has disproportionately impacted ethnic minority groups. Vaccination is an effective strategy for mitigating risk. We have demonstrated factors contributing to vaccine reluctance, hesitancy and refusal and highlighted levers for change.
Association between dual smoking and dyslipidemia in South Korean adults
Authors: Jeong Wonseok 
Published: July 2022

Objectives
Dyslipidemia increases the risk of serious cardiovascular disease; and conventional cigarette smoking is widely recognized as a risk factor. Thus, as electronic cigarettes were introduced, many smokers utilized them for smoking cessation. However, due to the lack of researches scrutinized the relationship between dual smoking and dyslipidemia, a lot of those who failed in cessation end up utilizing both types of cigarettes (dual smoking). Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of dual smoking on dyslipidemia in South Korean adults.

Methods
Data were included from the 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2019 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 8,398 Korean men. The KNHANES is conducted by a national institution based on random cluster sampling, and therefore, the data gained from it is statistically reliable and representative in comparison to surveys performed by private institutions. Cigarette use status was the main independent variable. Cigarette use status was categorized as one of the four status: dual smoker, single smoker, non-smoker, and ex-smoker. The dependent variable, presence of dyslipidemia, was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program as displaying one or more of the following criteria: total cholesterol: ≥240 ㎎/dL, LDL cholesterol: ≥160 ㎎/dL, triglyceride: ≥200 ㎎/dL, or HDL cholesterol: ≤40 ㎎/dL. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine target association.

Results
Current and former users of either electronic or conventional cigarettes presented with a higher odd ratio of dyslipidemia compared to non-smokers. (ex-smoker: OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.41–1.83; single smoker: OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.06–1.38). More importantly, those who smoke both conventional and electronic cigarettes were also, at high risk of dyslipidemia (dual smoker: OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.26–2.20). Along with smoking status, those who did not exercise had a higher risk of dyslipidemia than those who exercised regularly and higher self-reported health status was also related to a lower risk of dyslipidemia.

Conclusion
This study suggests that along with conventional cigarettes, dual smoking negatively impacts dyslipidemia, and smoking cessation of evert types is necessary for a healthy life.
The level and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Ghana
Authors: Okai Grace Adjei , Abekah-Nkrumah Gordon 
Published: July 2022

Objective
As part of the efforts to curb the COVID-19 pandemic, the government of Ghana has received several shipments of approved vaccines, and administration has begun in the country. Studies examining the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Ghana were mostly conducted before the vaccination exercise. Vaccine acceptance decisions however vary with time and hence, peoples’ decisions may have changed once vaccines became accessible. This study examines the level and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among adult Ghanaians during the vaccination exercise.

Methods
The study was a cross-sectional online survey involving Ghanaian adults (18 years and above) eligible to take the COVID-19 vaccine. The study was conducted from 18th May 2021 to 14th July 2021 and the questionnaire was answered by 362 respondents. Snowball sampling technique was utilized to obtain the respondents. Probit regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.

Key findings
Only 62.7% of the respondents indicated that they will accept the COVID-19 vaccine if provided. The regression results revealed that the decision to accept the COVID-19 vaccine was influenced by occupation, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits and attitudes towards the vaccines.

Conclusion
The findings suggest that government must implement strategies to enhance positive attitudes toward vaccines, increase the risk perception of contracting the virus and also educate the populace about the benefits of the vaccine.
Shear wave dispersion to assess liver disease progression in Fontan-associated liver disease
Authors: Nagasawa Tomoaki , Kuroda Hidekatsu , Abe Tamami , Saiki Hirofumi , Takikawa Yasuhiro 
Published: July 2022

Aim
We aimed to analyze the dispersion slope (DS) using shear wave dispersion (SWD) in patients with Fontan-associated liver disease (FALD) and to investigate its utility as a biomarker of disease progression.

Methods
This cross-sectional study enrolled 27 adults with FALD who underwent SWD, two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE), transthoracic echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, or abdominal computed tomography (CT) from April 2019 to April 2021. According to CT findings, patients were divided into two groups: significant fibrosis and non-significant fibrosis.

Results
The median DS in the control (n = 10), non-significant fibrosis (n = 12), and significant fibrosis (n = 15) was 9.35, 12.55, and 17.64 (m/s)/kHz, respectively. The significant fibrosis group showed a significantly higher DS than non-significant fibrosis group (P = 0.003). DS showed a significant correlation with central venous pressure (r = 0.532, P = 0.017) and liver stiffness measurements using 2D-SWE (r = 0.581, P = 0.002). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis were 0.903 and 0.734 for SWD and 2D-SWE, respectively (P = 0.043).

Conclusions
DS measured by SWD reflects the severity of liver damage in patients with FALD. SWE may be valuable for the therapeutic management of patients with FALD.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological distress and biological rhythm in China’s general population: A path analysis model
Authors: Dou Yikai , Fan Huanhuan , Yang Xiao , Du Yue , Wang Yu , Wang Min , Zhang Zijian , Qi Xiongwei , Luo Yuling , Luo Ruiqing , Ma Xiaohong 
Published: July 2022

Objective
When facing major emergency public accidents, men and women may react differently. Our research aimed to assess the influence of gender difference on social support, information preference, biological rhythm, psychological distress, and the possible interaction among these factors during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 3,237 respondents aged 12 years and older finished the online survey. Levels of social support, information preference, biological rhythm, and psychological distress were assessed using validated scales. A path analysis was conducted to explore possible associations among these variables.

Results
The path analysis indicated that women with high levels of social support had a lower possibility of biological rhythm disorders and lower levels of somatization symptoms of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. The influence of social support on somatization symptoms was exerted via biological rhythm. Women tended to believe both negative and positive information, while men preferred more extreme information.

Conclusion
Our results highlighted gender difference in study variables during the COVID-19 pandemic and the importance of social support in alleviating psychological distress and biological rhythm disorders. Moreover, we confirmed that information preference differed significantly by somatization symptoms of psychological distress, suggesting extra efforts to provide more individualized epidemic information. Longitudinal research is required to further explore casual inferences.
Assessment of the adverse pregnancy outcomes and its associated factors among deliveries at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Tadese Mesfin , Dagne Kefyalew , Wubetu Abate Dargie , Abeway Shiferaw , Bekele Alemayehu , Misganaw Kebede Worku , Baye Mulu Getaneh 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAdverse pregnancy outcomes are the main causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality and long-term physical and psychological sequels in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in Africa and Asia. In Ethiopia, maternal mortality remained high despite the country’s maximum effort. This study aimed to assess adverse pregnancy outcomes and associated factors among deliveries at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was done among deliveries at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2018. The data was collected using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire by reviewing labor and delivery service log books and admission or discharge registration books. The data were entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Logistic regression analysis was computed to identify independent predictors of pregnancy complications.ResultIn this study, the magnitude of adverse pregnancy outcomes was 28.3%, 95% CI (25.7–30.9). The most frequently recorded obstetric complications were obstructed labor (7.4%), retained placenta (5.3%), and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (2.4%). Whereas stillbirths (10%), malpresentation (3%), and prematurity (2.3%) frequently occurred fetal/neonatal complications. There were 29 maternal deaths and the possible causes of death were obstructed labor (51.7%), hemorrhage (44.7%), eclampsia (24.1%), and sepsis (6.9%). Home delivery (AOR (CI = 4.12 (2.30–7.15) and low birth weight (AOR (CI = 1.63 (1.36–1.96) were significant associates of adverse pregnancy outcomes.ConclusionThe magnitude of adverse pregnancy outcomes was high. Obstructed labor, retained placenta, hypertension in pregnancy, malpresentation, prematurity, and stillbirth are the commonest adverse pregnancy outcomes. Place of delivery and birth weight were independent predictors of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Institutional delivery, early detection and management of complications, and adequate nutrition and weight gain during pregnancy should be encouraged to minimize the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Influence of different sources of nitrogen fertilizer and weed control on yield, yield components and some qualitative traits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars under dryland conditions of Khorramabad
Authors: KORDI Sajad , DANAYE-TOUS Tayebeh , DASTBORHAN Soheila 
Published: July 2022

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate yield, yield components, and some qualitative traits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars under nitrogen fertilizers and weed control in dryland conditions of Khorramabad during the 2017 - 2018 growing season. Treatments were arranged in split-split-plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main factor included F1: control (without fertilizer); F2: bio-fertilizer (Rhizobium); F3: 100 % chemical fertilizer and F4: integration of bio-fertilizer + 50 % chemical fertilizer; sub-factor consisted of three cultivars of chickpea (Adel, Mansour, and Arman) and sub-sub-factor included weeds control (weeding) and weed infested (non-weeding). The results indicated that nitrogen fertilizers, especially the integration of bio-fertilizer + 50 % chemical fertilizer, had a positive effect on all studied traits. The highest number of pods per plant, grain yield, and biological yield were obtained from the Arman cultivar with the application of bio-fertilizer + 50 % chemical fertilizer and for the same cultivar under weed control conditions. The maximum number of pods per plant (28.2) and amount of grain protein content (25.3 %) were obtained by integrating of bio-fertilizer + 50% nitrogen chemical fertilizer and weeds control. In general, the Arman cultivar has priority over other cultivars for the grain yield under Khorramabad climate conditions, and integration of bio-fertilizer + 50 % chemical fertilizer could be considered as a means to reduce the consumption of chemical fertilizers for sustainable agriculture.
Comprehensive seed priming assessment of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. in germination and seedling growth stage under salt stress
Authors: AHMADIZADEH Mostafa , ASGARI Ashkan , PASALARI Hossein 
Published: July 2022

This study was performed to appraise the effects of several seed pretreatment solutions and priming time on seed germination indices and growth characteristics of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. in various salt stress levels. Seed priming was accomplished by KCl (1 and 2 %), Na2SO3 (0.5 and 1 %), KNO3 (0.5 and 1 %), and Ca2CO3 (1 and 2 %) as halopriming and distilled water as hydropriming at 12 and 24 h priming durations and control (non-primed), then primed seeds exposed to four levels (0, 50, 100, 200 mM) of NaCl solutions. The highest germination percentage was observed in 12 and 24 h hydropriming (63.3 and 53.3 %) and non-primed (56.6 %) under normal condition, respectively. Besides, there was no germinated seed at 24 h priming by 0.5 and 1 percentage of KNO3. Under saline condition, 24 h 2 % Ca2CO3 had the highest germination percentage (43.3 %) in 50 mM, while 12 h treatment with 0.5 % Na2SO3 (33.3 %) had high germination percentage in 100 mM levels of saline conditions. Also, the highest germination rate index was observed in 0.5 % Na2SO3 with 12 h treatment time (4.05 and 3.95 respectively) in 50 and 100 mM levels of saline conditions. Overall, salt stress considerably reduced germination and growth traits of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. seedlings. Considering the effect of various seeds priming of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. on germination indices like germination percentage and mean germination time, the importance of priming duration and type of priming solutions could be concluded.
MT-12 inhibits the proliferation of bladder cells in vitro and in vivo by enhancing autophagy through mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Chen Yan , Xia Chengxing , Ye Chunwei , Liu Feineng , Ou Yitian , Yan Ruping , Wang Haifeng , Yang Delin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignancies involving the urinary system. Our previous study demonstrated that cobra venom membrane toxin 12 (MT-12) could effectively inhibit BC cell growth and metastasis and induce apoptosis. However, the specific molecular mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we explored whether MT-12 inhibits BC cell proliferation by inducing autophagy cell death through mitochondrial dysfunction. As a result, MT-12 inhibited proliferation and colony formation in RT4 and T24 cells. In the BC xenograft mouse model, autophagy inhibitor 3-MA alleviated the inhibitory effect of MT-12 on tumor growth. In addition, immunostaining revealed downregulated autophagy in MT-12-treated RT4 and T24 cells. We also found that MT-12 led to dysfunctional mitochondria with decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, mtDNA abundance, and increased ROS production, ultimately inducing autophagic apoptosis via the ROS/JNK/P53 pathway. MT-12 inhibits BC proliferation in vitro and in vivo by enhancing autophagy. MT-12 induces mitochondrial dysfunction and decreases autophagy, leading to increased ROS production, which in turn activates the JNK/p53 pathway, leading to BC apoptosis.
Logistic fitting model application for evaluation of gas-liquid two-phase mixing effects
Authors: Gao Shuai , Li Biao , Gao Wengui , Xu Jianxin , Wang Hua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The evaluation of mixing effects is crucial in industrial production such as chemical and metallurgical industries. An improved Betti number method is proposed by using a gas-liquid top-blow mixing experiment and a direct contact heat exchange experiment. This method is adapted to the comprehensive evaluation of flow mixing and heat transfer performance under conditions of dispersed particles or bubbles where the target is identifiable. The comparison results and reveals that our method can not only portray the mixing effect by the critical point of the area integration curve of the Betti number time series but also the parameters (i.e., slope and intercept) obtained after the area integration of the Betti number curve by the logistic regression model can effectively characterize the mixing time and heat exchange performance. The intercept variation of the area integral of the Betti number curve was found to have a high correlation with the correlation coefficients of mixing time and heat transfer coefficient. Meanwhile, a new index for evaluating the mixing performance was obtained. The optimal working condition was obtained. This method is simple and easy to implement and can be extended to processes where the target is identifiable in a transparent reactor and where both mixing and heat transfer effects need to be quantified.
Hard Times for Sippar Women: Three Late Old Babylonian Cases
Authors: Richardson Seth 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Despite important work on issues of gender and representation with regard to women’s history in Mesopotamia over the past generation or two, less direct attention has been devoted to the hard reality of women’s socio-economic inequality in this starkly patriarchal culture. The present contribution takes up three examples of groups of women living in varying degrees of hardship and deprivation in the Late Old Babylonian period: slave, poor nadītums, and dependents. I analyze small corpora of evidence about these women to make two basic points: first, Mesopotamian women were subject to structural inequities which manifested themselves in repeatable ways (without requiring that we call them “weak” or “powerless”); second, despite consistent and persistent inequality, women’s histories were yet as mutable and subject to change as those of men. It is no more effective to write the histories of only “strong women” than it is to write them of only “great men.” Intersectional issues such as socio-economic difference must be taken into account to arrive at a better working picture of this or any society.
Screening of non-syndromic early-onset child and adolescent obese patients in terms of LEP, LEPR, MC4R and POMC gene variants by next-generation sequencing
Authors: Nalbantoğlu Özlem , Hazan Filiz , Acar Sezer , Gürsoy Semra , Özkan Behzat 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Non-syndromic monogenic obesity is a rare cause of early-onset severe obesity in the childhood period. The aim of this study was to screen four obesity related genes (LEP, LEPR, MC4R and POMC) in children and adolescents who had severe, non-syndromic early onset obesity.

Methods
Next-generation sequencing of all exons in LEP, LEPR, MC4R and POMC was performed in 154 children and adolescents with early onset severe obesity obesity.

Results
Fifteen different variants in nineteen patients were identified with a variant detection rate of 12.3%. While six different heterozygous variants were observed in MC4R gene (10/154 patients; 6.5%), five different variants in POMC gene (four of them were heterozygous and one of them was homozygous) (6/154 patients; 3.9%) and four different homozygous variants in LEPR gene (3/154 patients; 1.9%) were described. However, no variants were detected in the LEP gene. The most common pathogenic variant was c.496G>A in MC4R gene, which was detected in four unrelated patients. Six novel variants (6/15 variants; 40%) were described in seven patients. Four of them including c.233C>A and c.752T>C in MC4R gene and c.761dup and c.1221dup in LEPR gene were evaluated as pathogenic or likely pathogenic.

Conclusions
In conclusion, MC4R variants are the most common genetic cause of monogenic early-onset obesity, consistent with the literature. The c.496G>A variant in MC4R gene is highly prevalent in early-onset obese patients.