bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation der Akzeptanz der Gesetzesänderung in § 24 Infektionsschutzgesetz in niedrigschwelligen Einrichtungen der Aids- und Drogenhilfe
Authors: Cremer Annabelle , Zöllner York , Schafberger Armin , Schäffer Dirk , Schulte Bernd 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungHintergrund Personen mit injizierendem Drogenkonsum werden häufig nicht von Angeboten zur Hepatitis-C-Testung und -Behandlung erreicht. Um die Verfügbarkeit von Testangeboten zu erhöhen, wurde 2020 § 24 des Infektionsschutzgesetzes dahingehend umformuliert, dass nunmehr u. a. Hepatitis-C-Schnelltests auch von nicht-ärztlichem Personal in niedrigschwelligen Einrichtungen durchgeführt werden können. Diese Studie untersucht die Akzeptanz der Gesetzesänderung in den Einrichtungen der Aids- und Drogenhilfe auf der Ebene der dort tätigen Fachkräfte.Methoden Im Rahmen der Studie wurden deutschlandweit Einrichtungen der Aids- und Drogenhilfe (n=88) per Fragebogen befragt und Experteninterviews durchgeführt (n=4). Die Analyse der Akzeptanz der Gesetzesänderung erfolgte anhand eines theoriegeleiteten Modells zur Akzeptanzmessung entlang des Technologieakzeptanzmodells nach Davis et al. (1989).Ergebnisse Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die befragten Einrichtungen die Gesetzesänderung grundsätzlich positiv bewerten. 13,6% der Einrichtungen implementierten Schnelltests durch nicht-ärztliches Personal für den Nachweis des Hepatitis-C-Virus und 31,1% planten die Einführung eines Hepatitis-C-Schnelltestangebots. Die Experteninterviews bestätigten die Akzeptanz der Gesetzesänderung.Schlussfolgerung Angesichts der kurzen Zeitspanne seit Inkrafttreten der Gesetzesänderung kann die Umsetzungsrate als relativ hoch eingestuft werden. Es wird jedoch vermutet, dass hier eine Verzerrung in Richtung der Überschätzung vorliegt (positive Selbstselektion der teilnehmenden Einrichtungen, hohe Aufgeschlossenheit und Handlungsabsicht, institutioneller Mut). Der frühe Trend wird sich somit nicht linear fortsetzen. Flankierende Unterstützungsmaßnahmen zur Ausweitung der Umsetzung sowie ggf. Aufrechterhaltung des Schnelltestangebots sind deshalb notwendig. Langfristig angelegte Begleitforschung hierzu wird empfohlen.
Metal-Catalyzed C–H Bond Oxidation in the Total Synthesis of Natural and Unnatural Products
Authors: de Lucca Jr Emilio C. , Santana Victor C. S. , Fernandes Milena C. V. , Cappuccelli Isadora , Richieri Ana Carolina G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractC–H bond oxidation is a powerful means for oxygen incorporation in organic molecules. Its use results in fast structural diversification and in a new way of thinking about retrosynthetic disconnections. In this review, we present the application of five metal-catalyzed methodologies for C(sp
3)–H oxidation in the total synthesis of natural and unnatural products, covering the period of 2004–2022.1	Introduction2	Copper-Mediated Hydroxylation of Methylenes β to Imines3	Palladium Acetoxylation of Methyl Groups β to Oximes4	Palladium-Mediated Allylic C–H Bond Oxidation of Terminal Olefins5	Iron- and Manganese-Mediated Aliphatic Oxidation6	Miscellaneous7	Conclusion
N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Cross Dehydrogenative Coupling of Aldehydes with Methanol: Combined Use of Eosin Y and Hexachloroethane
Authors: Miyabe Hideto , Yoshioka Eito , Takahashi Hiroki , Kubo Akane , Ohno Miki , Watanabe Fuuka , Shiono Rino , Miyazaki Yuuki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCross dehydrogenative coupling of aldehydes with methanol was investigated under organocatalytic conditions based on the cooperation­ between N-heterocyclic carbene and eosin Y·Na as an organophotocatalys­t. The combined use of eosin Y·Na and hexachloro­ethane (C2Cl6) was the effective method for the oxidative esterification of various aldehydes, because the oxidation steps are promoted by two pathways associated with the activated photocatalyst and C2Cl6. In contrast, the combined use of eosin Y·Na and bromotrichloromethane (BrCCl3) was effective only for the oxidative esterification of simple cinnamaldehyde derivatives, in which BrCCl3 promotes the oxidation as a brominating reagent toward radical intermediates.
We are what we smell: the smell of dis-ease during lockdown
Authors: Allen Louisa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHow does the COVID-19 pandemic shape subjectivity? This paper is concerned with contributing to theorising subjectivity at an ontological level. It draws on a feminist new materialist understanding of subjectivity as an intra-active becoming of human-non-human matter that includes smell. Smellwalks are mobilised to apprehend how subjectivity is altered via restrictions around movement and social connection during lockdown. This sensory method recognises knowing is not simply a cognitive practice and that odour actively shapes understandings of ourselves and the world. The varying presence and absence of odours in and out of lockdown eventuate a re-arrangement of subjectivity which draws on Vannini’s (2020) notion of atmospheric dis-ease. Lockdown produces a subjectivity of dis-ease which generates changes in perception of self and others, as sources of potential viral contagion. Lockdown’s material conditions engender a ‘socially flattened’ and ‘suspended subjectivity’ as our ‘normal’ selves are experienced as being put on hold until the global crisis abates.
A 4.8 ps root-mean-square resolution time-to-digital converter implemented in a 20 nm Cyclone-10 GX field-programmable gate array
Authors: Yu Xin , Xia Haojie , Li Weishi , Zhang Jin , Chang Songtao 
Published: August 2022

It is difficult to improve the resolution and precision of a field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based time-to-digital converter (TDC) in time interval measurement. In this study, we design a carry-look-ahead delay chain structure and integrate an interleaved sampling method with an online calibration and bin readjustment approach to implement a TDC. We take advantage of the adaptive logic module units applied in a Cyclone-10 GX (10CX220YF780E5G), which is a 20 nm low-power consumption and low-cost FPGA. In this new generation FPGA, we implemented a high-precision time interval measurement, which exceeded all our previous works with a 4.8 ps root-mean-square resolution and a 5.68 ps least-significant-bit resolution.
Negation during communication in Amele
Authors: Nose Masahiko 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Amele language of Papua New Guinea is one of many Trans-New Guinea languages spoken in Papua New Guinea. Amele has a negator ‘qee’ (‘q’ represents a voiced dorso-labiovelar plosive), which follows the element negated. Yet, while having verb conjugations for persons and numbers, Amele has no negative conjugation in the present tense. Typologically, some other languages, for example, Finnish, also exhibit negative conjugations of verbs, but these behaviors of the negations differ in interesting ways. This contrastive study investigates the negation of grammars in Amele (Papua New Guinea) and Finnish (Finland, Uralic), by comparing negative particles and negative verb conjugations in both of these languages, while clarifying their morphological behaviors. As such, the study describes Amele’s and Finnish’s positive-negative and present/past distinctions through their verbal morphologies and through their functional markedness in past tenses, ultimately observing these functional points in the languages.
Malay, in the shadows
Authors: Hadzantonis Michael 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Wayang Kulit performance, the art of shadow puppetry, has long embodied and conveyed political and secular voice throughout South and Southeast Asia, significant for the maintenance of cultural heritage. Throughout Malaysia’s modern history, Wayang as a dominant medium of education has mediated shifts in language ideologies and socialization, to the extent where changes to the Wayang correlate highly with changes to the Malay language. In the 1980s, the Malaysian government sought to attack and hence curtail Wayang performance, and to obscure its lineage, claiming that the Wayang defiles Islam and Malaysia as an Islamic state. The government sought to discontinue the Wayang, or at least to alter it significantly, and to persecute its adherents. With its attempts to mobilize the economy through neoliberal politics and the adoption of new non-poetic language registers, the Malaysian government altered Malaysian vernacular, cultural practices, and ideologies. Yet, little scholarly work, particularly through an Anthropological lens, has discussed the correlations and influences to these shifts.
This paper addresses the significance of Wayang Kulit to the Malay language, that is, its contiguity with standardized language and vernacular, its semiotic complexities during performance and in larger society, and its junctures with Malaysian politics. The study unearths changes in the Wayang, its stylizations, symbolisms and performativities, in the latter 20th century, where these changes have aligned with cultural and language shifts, yet which the government has legitimated as pro Islamic and neoliberal. The data set includes a multi year ethnography of the Wayang, and a corpus of discussions, documentations, and scripts of Wayang performances and narratives.
Gendering prosody in communication
Authors: Pospechova Zuzana 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The study focuses on the prosody of Standard Chinese in communication in correlation with gender of speakers. In the field of Standard Chinese prosody is built on the research work done by Oldřich Švarný, who established the system of prosodic transcription and analysis. The connection with the gender of the speakers is completely new and unique. This article uses results of the analysis of SC language corpus transcribed by prosodic transcription and endeavour to find a connection between obtained results and gendered influences on prosodic (suprasegmental) level of language. Basic prosodic phenomena observed here are prosodic word syllable number, speech rate, syllable accentual prominence and the frequency of rhythmic sequence types. The results clearly show there is a connection between gender of the speaker and the prosodic realization of his/her speech.
Language contact across ethnic boundaries
Authors: Faquire Razaul Karim 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Throughout antiquity, the Chittagong Hill Tract was a sparsely populated region. This population increased with the immigration of different speech communities, thus changing its linguistic mosaic, and creating conditions for language contact between vernacular Bangla and between its ancestral Indo-Aryan variety Pali, the superstrate, and the Tibeto-Burman variety, the substratum. In the changing language contact situation, language contact involved various phenomena, such as language maintenance, the creation of new contact languages, i.e. pidgins and creoles as well as the acquisition and integration into a dominant L2. Through this language contact, the processes of language contact have had particular linguistic, social, and political outcomes that have shaped the region. The linguistic outcomes include lexical borrowing, calquing, and structural convergence, as well as the creation of a new contact language combining both the Indo-Aryan vernacular and Tibeto-Burman vernacular. This paper discusses these outcomes, and describes that changes in the social and political makeup of the region have ultimately led to language change. The study argues that linguistic change appears at present in several ways: The lexical makeup, phraseology and syntactic structure of Indo-Aryan varieties spoken by the Tibeto-Burman speech communities; pidgins including Chakma and Tanchangya which have emerged from contact between the Indo-Aryan variety and the Arakanese vernacular; a Tibeto-Burman pidgin which has emerged from contact between the superstrata Marma and the substrates Chak, Khumi, and Kheyang, which are spoken by the Marma, Chak, Khumi, and Kheyang ethnicities. Ultimately, the study presents that these social and linguistic outcomes have manifested themselves in the form of bilingualism and so code-mixing, and where the political outcomes of language contact have forged the political makeup of the Chittagong Hill Tract to bring the region to become one part of the larger political superstructure of Bangladesh.
Pronoun practices in the higher education classroom
Authors: Melendez Sofia , Crowley Archie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Pronouns are a crucial linguistic resource for transgender and nonbinary people, and educators are in a unique
position to support trans and nonbinary students by implementing affirming pronoun practices for their classrooms. This paper
outlines concrete strategies for creating a trans-affirming pedagogy in the context of higher education. The strategies discussed
detail modelling pronoun introductions, collecting pronoun information, navigating pronoun misuse, and considerations related to
curricula and classroom contexts. Pronoun practices are an essential step towards making the classroom an affirming place for
transgender and nonbinary students to thrive.
Trans(de)letion
Authors: López Ártemis 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe increased visibility of the non-binary community is reflected in the media, with trans and non-binary characters becoming more common in film and series. This provides a great opportunity to raise global awareness of non-binary people, but the exporting of this media usually comes with translations done by people who do not specialize in queer, trans, or non-binary sociolects. This paper gives an overview of different linguistic gender strategies in present-day Spanish, and uses two examples of popular Netflix series with trans or non-binary characters as Spanish translation case studies to illustrate the different linguistic challenges and approaches to representing non-binary identities in Spanish.
Making heritage language accessible through “a trip to the enchanted wood”
Authors: Schwartz Mila , Minkov Miriam 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Despite increasing popularity of early heritage language (HL) education, the HL education system faces challenges, such as engaging young children and tailoring teachers’ pedagogical approaches. The aim of the study was to explore a particular pedagogical activity (“a trip to the enchanted wood”) that provides accessibility to HL, and to analyze children’s behavior while engaging in learning during this activity. We conducted the study in a bilingual preschool in Israel, where Russian was the heritage language and Hebrew the societally dominant language. We collected and documented the data using qualitative tools (ethnographic observations and interviews). A complex analysis of eight HL classroom observations focused on the application of a language-conducive strategy – teacher-led pretend play of “a trip to the enchanted wood.” We performed two types of coding: (1) coding information about elements of script structure and characteristics of props used; (2) coding children’s responsive behavior to the teacher’s suggestions during play. Drawing on an ecological approach to language productive use, we concluded that a complex two-way relationship exists between language accessibility and engagement in learning. Practical applications to support young language learners are suggested.
Sustainable development matters for animals too: Governments have a responsibility to recognize that
Authors: Sebo Jeff , Verkuijl Cleo , José Hötzel Maria , Achakulwisut Ploy , Bastos Lima Mairon , Green Jonathan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Animals matter for sustainable development, and sustainable development matters for animals. Yet animal welfare remains largely neglected in sustainable development governance. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development aims to protect species, biodiversity, and habitats, but not individual animals. This June, governments will convene for the UN Stockholm+50 Conference, which marks 50 years of international environmental decision making. At this conference, governments have an opportunity to recognize the importance of animal welfare for sustainable development, and to aspire to harm animals less and benefit them more as part of sustainable development governance. We call on governments to take these steps for the sake of human and non-human animals alike.

One Health impact statement
One Health is a promising framework for improving global health. Human, non-human, and environmental health are linked, and health policies should reflect these links. However, standard interpretations of One Health are anthropocentric, in that they tend to value non-human animals primarily for the sake of humans, which can lead to policies that harm and neglect non-humans unnecessarily. As a result, humans miss out on many opportunities to improve human and non-human lives at the same time. We call for strengthening One Health by recognizing the intrinsic value of animals and considering their interests when making policy decisions that affect them. We also call for supporting informational, financial, and regulatory policies that reduce exploitation of animals and increase assistance for animals in co-beneficial ways.
Lichenochora epifulgens
.
Authors: Minter D. W. , Cannon P. F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

A description is provided for
Lichenochora epifulgens
, which grown on thalli of the lichen-forming fungus
Gyalolechia fulgens
, where it is apparently parasitic. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Europe (Spain, UK)). No evaluation has been made of any possible positive economic impact of this fungus and no reports of negative economic impacts have been found.
Physarum lakhanpalii
.
Authors: Cannon P.F. , Minter D.W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

A description is provided for
Physarum lakhanpalii
. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Madagascar, Tanzania), Central America (Panama), North America (Mexico), South America (Ecuador), Asia (China (Hong Kong, Hunan), Japan, Laos, Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam), Australasia (Australia (Northern Territory)), Caribbean (Martinique), Europe (France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Norway, Spain), Indian Ocean (La Réunion, Seychelles)). Studies in Japan suggest that myxomycetes including this species may be useful as indicators of environmental pollution. No evaluation has been made of any possible positive economic impact of this organism and no reports of negative economic impacts have been found.
Physarum stellatum
.
Authors: Cannon P.F. , Minter D.W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

A description is provided for
Physarum stellatum
. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Congo, Democratic Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Liberia, Madagascar, Morocco, Nigeria, Congo, South Africa, Tanzania), Central America (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Panama), North America (Canada (Ontario, Quebec), Mexico, USA (Alabama, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia)), South America (Bolivia, Brazil (Amazonas, Bahia, Ceará, Paraiba, Pernambuco, Piaui, Rio Grande do Norte, São Paulo, Sergipe), Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela), Asia (Brunei Darussalam, China (Guangxi, Jilin), India (Himachal Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh), Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Russia (Primorskyi krai), Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand), Caribbean (America Virgin Islands, Antigua and Barbuda, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago), Europe (Germany, Russia (Moscow oblast, Veronezh oblast), Spain), Indian Ocean (La Réunion, Mayotte, Seychelles), Pacific Ocean (Ecuador (Galapagos), Marshall Islands, USA (Hawaii), Vanuatu)). No evaluation has been made of any possible positive economic impact of this organism and no reports of negative economic impacts have been found.
Cercospora mercurialis
.
Authors: Andrianova T. V. , Minter D. W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

A description is provided for
Cercospora mercurialis
, which occurs as a parasite on living and dying leaves and stems of
Mercurialis
, causing leaf spots. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Spain (Ceuta), Morocco), Asia (Iran, Palestine, Turkey), Atlantic Ocean (Bermuda), Australasia (Australia), Europe (Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Montenegro, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia (Belgorod oblast, Leningrad oblast, Moscow oblast, Pskov oblast, Voronezh oblast), Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK)). No reports of negative economic impacts have been found.
Acarospora sinopica
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W. , Cannon P. F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

A description is provided for
Acarospora sinopica
, a lichen-forming fungus occurring on rocks, particularly iron-rich rocks and mine-spoil heaps, often in exposed situations, and particularly in mountainous areas. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Algeria, Morocco, South Africa, Tunisia)), Antarctica (Antarctica), Arctic Ocean (Greenland, Norway (Svalbard and Jan Mayen)), Asia (Afghanistan, China (Yunnan), Georgia, Iran, Russia (Altai Krai, Altai Republic, Irkutsk Oblast, Kamchatka Krai, Magadan Oblast, Republic of Buryatia, Republic of Khakassia), Turkey), Australasia (Australia (New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia), New Zealand), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Isle of Man, Italy, Latvia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia (Arkhangelsk Oblast, Komi Republic, Leningrad Oblast, Murmansk Oblast, Republic of Dagestan, Republic of Karelia, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania), Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK), North America (Canada (British Columbia, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario, Quebec), USA (California, Colorado, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Washington)). Acarospora sinopica has a remarkable ability to accumulate heavy metals, with levels of up to 60,000 ppm in dry weight being recorded.
Epilichen scabrosus
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W. , Cannon P. F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

A description is provided for
Epilichen scabrosus
, a lichen-forming fungus initially parasitic on thalli of
Baeomyces
species. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Morocco, Greenland, Norway, Russia, China (Tibet), Japan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, Portugal, (Azores), Australia (Tasmania), New Zealand, Austria, Channel Islands, Denmark, Estonia, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Irish Republic, Italy, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, Canada (British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland and Labrador, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Quebec, Yukon), USA (Alaska, Colorado, Maine, Oregon, Washington) and Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)) and associated organisms (
Baeomyces carneus, B. placophyllus, B. rufus, Sphyridium byssoides, S. fungiforme, B. rupestris, Baeomyces
sp.,
Peltigera
sp. and
Muscopsida
).