bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invisible, unrecognised and undervalued: examining stories of unpaid work performed by older adults in their local neighbourhoods
Authors: Stewart Katherine E. , Hand Carri , Rudman Debbie Laliberte , McGrath Colleen , McFarland Jami , Gilliland Jason , Kinghorn Wes 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOver the past 40 years, positive ageing discourses that speak to an expectation of continued productivity have gained prominence within research and policy. Such discourses have been critiqued as placing disproportionate value on the extension of older adults' working lives, while obscuring other valuable forms of work performed by older adults. Despite the emergence of theoretical conversations about the expansion of conceptions of work, few studies have adopted an explicit focus on the work performed by older adults within their neighbourhoods. Informed by conceptions of work positioned at the intersection of critical gerontology and critical feminism, we drew upon qualitative data from a larger ethnographic study, generated from 17 participants aged 65 and older, to examine: (a) the various forms and contributions of unpaid work that older adults carry out at the neighbourhood level, and (b) the ways in which older adults' representations of this work relate to dominant notions of productivity. Specifically, each participant engaged in three types of qualitative interviews, including additional spatial and visual data generation: (a) completing a narrative interview; (b) carrying a small Global Positioning System (GPS) device to automatically log locations, completing an activity diary and a follow-up interview; and (c) participating in a go-along interview or a photo elicitation interview. Our findings highlight a range of unpaid work performed by participants in their neighbourhood, including formal volunteering, informal caring and informal civic participation. Although these forms of work were, at times, discussed by participants as enabling social inclusion, significant tensions arose from the general lack of discursive and social value assigned to them. In particular, participants described being subject to overwhelming expectations placed on older adults, and women in particular, to carry out this work, with little recognition or acknowledgement of their contributions to the neighbourhood. Taken together, our findings suggest the need not only to diversify understandings of the forms of work perceived as aligning with productive contributions to society in older age, but also to attend to the invisible work performed by older adults within their neighbourhoods. Additionally, we propose a variety of ways organisations and communities that benefit from older adults' unpaid labour may enhance accessibility, thereby reducing the work done by older adults to negotiate tensions between ableist expectations for productivity and their ageing bodies.
Heart disease symptoms, cognitive functioning, health communication, treatment anxiety, and health-related quality of life in paediatric heart disease: a multiple mediator analysis
Authors: Varni James W. , Uzark Karen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectives:The objective was to investigate the serial mediating effects of perceived cognitive functioning, patient health communication, and treatment anxiety in the relationship between heart disease symptoms and overall generic health-related quality of life in children with heart disease from the patient perspective.Methods:Heart Disease Symptoms, Cognitive Problems, Communication and Treatment Anxiety Scales from Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ (PedsQL™) Cardiac Module and PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales were completed by 278 children with CHD ages 8–18. A serial multiple mediator model analysis was conducted to test the sequential mediating effects of perceived cognitive functioning, patient health communication, and treatment anxiety as intervening variables in the relationship between the heart disease symptoms predictor variable and overall generic health-related quality of life.Results:Heart disease symptoms predictive effects on overall generic health-related quality of life were serially mediated in part by cognitive functioning, patient health communication, and treatment anxiety. In a predictive analytics model with age and gender demographic covariates, heart disease symptoms, perceived cognitive functioning, patient health communication, and treatment anxiety accounted for 67% of the variance in patient-reported overall generic health-related quality of life (p < 0.001), representing a large effect size.Conclusions:Perceived cognitive functioning, patient health communication, and treatment anxiety explain in part the mechanism of heart disease symptoms predictive effects on overall generic health-related quality of life in paediatric heart disease. Identifying the mediators of heart disease symptoms on overall generic health-related quality of life from the patient perspective may inform targeted clinical interventions and future patient-centred clinical research to improve overall daily functioning.
An ex-Gaussian analysis of eye movements in L2 reading
Authors: Luke Steven G. , Liu Rachel Yu , Nelson Kyle , Denton Jared , Child Michael W. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSecond language learners’ reading is less efficient and more effortful than native reading. However, the source of their difficulty is unclear; L2 readers might struggle with reading in a different orthography, or they might have difficulty with later stages of linguistic interpretation of the input, or both. The present study explored the source of L2 reading difficulty by analyzing the distribution of fixation durations in reading. In three studies, we observed that L2 readers experience an increase in Mu, which we interpret as indicating early orthographic processing difficulty, when the L2 has a significantly different writing system than the L1 (e.g., Chinese and English) but not when the writing systems were similar (e.g., Portuguese and English). L2 readers also experienced an increase in Tau, indicating later-arising processing difficulty which likely reflects later-stage linguistic processes, when they read for comprehension. L2 readers of Chinese also experienced an additional increase in Tau.
Responding to Complexity in the Context of the National Disability Insurance Scheme
Authors: McKenzie Kirsty , Smith-Merry Jennifer 
Published: November 2022

Background:Personalisation in disability support funding is premised on the notion that services come together through the individual. Where people have very complex needs, many individuals and their supporters find it difficult to facilitate services themselves. This article examines the Integrated Service Response (ISR), an Australian response to complexity implemented during the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) roll-out. We explore its facilitation of collaboration in the context of the NDIS.Results:Results from interviews and observation of collaboration suggest there are multiple challenges with effective inter-organisational collaboration under the NDIS, including communication between services, and the loss of previous ways of addressing complexity and crisis. Participants valued ISR as a response to complexity, including its ability to facilitate collaboration by ‘getting the right people at the table’.Conclusions:While programmes such as ISR may improve inter-organisational collaboration around specific clients, broader ongoing systemic approaches are required to address system-wide issues.
Recent Seasonal Variations in Ecosystem Water Use Efficiency in China's Key Tropical‐Subtropical Transitional Zones in Response to Climate Change
Authors: Liu Linxin , Zhang Ke , Chao Lijun , Ezaz Gazi Tawfiq , Li Xi , Forzieri Giovanni 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the response of terrestrial ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE) to climate change is critical to accurately represent the carbon‐water cycle processes. However, how WUE dynamics are evolving under seasonal climate variations and biome‐specific characteristics remains still unclear. In this study, we integrated two state‐of‐the‐art retrieval algorithms to estimate gross primary productivity (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET) from satellite MODIS records. Such metrics served as input to quantify ecosystem WUE, expressed as the ratio of GPP to ET, and explore its dynamics during the dry and wet season from 2001 to 2018 in China's key tropical to subtropical transitional zones, that is, Yunnan Province. Results show large spatial and seasonal variability in WUE over the observational period. During the dry season, the increasing trends in GPP and ET have led to contrasting WUE patterns in forest and non‐forest biomes, leading to positive and negative WUE trends, respectively. During the wet season, the declining trends in GPP occurring in combination with opposite trends in ET, have caused decreasing WUE consistently across all biomes except croplands, likely further modulated by human factors. The observed changes in WUE appear primarily driven by variations in air temperature (Ta) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) during both dry and wet seasons. Overall, these results contribute to a better understanding of the carbon‐water interplay in tropical‐subtropical transitional zones and provide new insights to improve our capacity to predict the terrestrial ecosystem's response to climate change.
Sound Velocity of (Mg0.91Fe0.09)2SiO4 Wadsleyite and Its Implications to Water Distribution in Mantle Transition Zone
Authors: Cai Nao , Wang Duojun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe current elasticities of major mantle transition zone minerals and their hydrous counterparts, such as wadsleyite, ringwoodite, and majorite garnet, have the velocity gradients several times lower than those of the Earth models. Here we use ultrasonic interferometry technique to measure the sound velocities of wadsleyite (Mg0.91Fe0.09)2SiO4 at pressures up to 14 GPa and room temperature. Compared with previous studies, we have obtained possibly the highest ∂VP/P and ∂KS/P value at transition zone pressure, which are still noticeably lower than the Earth models, such as the preliminary reference Earth model, ak135, iasp91, etc. The results indicate that the VP contrast of “dry” olivine‐wadsleyite transition at 410 km is higher than previous thought, while that of wadsleyite‐ringwoodite transition at 520 km is noticeably low. Using the current and previous data on “dry” and hydrous wadsleyite a water “gradient” model at upper mantle transition zone were proposed and discussed.
Extreme Energy Spectra of Relativistic Electron Flux in the Outer Radiation Belt
Authors: Mourenas D. , Artemyev A. V. , Zhang X.‐J. , Angelopoulos V. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElectron diffusion by whistler‐mode chorus waves is one of the key processes controlling the dynamics of relativistic electron fluxes in the Earth's radiation belts. It is responsible for the acceleration of sub‐relativistic electrons injected from the plasma sheet to relativistic energies as well as for their precipitation and loss into the atmosphere. Based on analytical estimates of chorus wave‐driven quasi‐linear electron energy and pitch‐angle diffusion rates, we provide analytical steady‐state solutions to the corresponding Fokker‐Planck equation for the relativistic electron distribution and flux. The impact on these steady‐state solutions of additional electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves, and of ultralow frequency waves are examined. Such steady‐state solutions correspond to hard energy spectra at 1–4 MeV, dangerous for satellite electronics, and represent attractors for the system dynamics in the presence of sufficiently strong driving by continuous injections of 10–300 keV electrons. Therefore, these analytical steady‐state solutions provide a simple means for estimating the most extreme electron energy spectra potentially encountered in the outer radiation belt, despite the great variability of injections and plasma conditions. These analytical steady‐state solutions are compared with numerical simulations based on the full Fokker‐Planck equation and with relativistic electron flux spectra measured by satellites during one extreme event and three strong events of high time‐integrated geomagnetic activity, demonstrating a good agreement.
Biomineral Flocculation of Kaolinite and Microalgae: Laboratory Experiments and Stochastic Modeling
Authors: Zhu Yuliang , Lin Mingze , Shen Xiaoteng , Fettweis Michael , Zhang Ying , Zhang Jinfeng , Bi Qilong , Wu Zi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn estuaries and coastal waters, the flocculation of cohesive sediments is significantly affected by extracellular polymeric substances secreted by microalgae. In this study, laboratory experiments are carried out to explore the role of two typical microalgae (Skeletonema costatum and Cyclotella meneghiniana) on suspended fine‐grained sediments under various turbulent shear and environmental conditions. The results show that the shear rate is a dominant factor in controlling the biomineral flocculation processes, and the existence of microalgae generally enhances the aggregation of mineral sediments with microalgae. It is also found that floc size distributions (FSDs) and mean sizes are clearly influenced by different algal species and concentrations, especially under intensive turbulent environments. Moreover, a quasi‐Monte Carlo (QMC) based bivariate population balance model is developed to simulate the FSDs of sediment‐algae flocs. This model is reasonably validated by two analytical solutions and laboratory observations, and indicates a potential extension for tracking the properties of microalgae‐associated fine sediment flocs due to the discrete nature of the QMC method.
Genetic nurture versus genetic transmission of risk for ADHD traits in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study
Authors: Pingault Jean-Baptiste , Barkhuizen Wikus , Wang Biyao , Hannigan Laurie J. , Eilertsen Espen Moen , Corfield Elizabeth , Andreassen Ole A. , Ask Helga , Tesli Martin , Askeland Ragna Bugge , Davey Smith George , Stoltenberg Camilla , Davies Neil M. , Reichborn-Kjennerud Ted , Ystrom Eivind , Havdahl Alexandra 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIdentifying mechanisms underlying the intergenerational transmission of risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits can inform interventions and provide insights into the role of parents in shaping their children’s outcomes. We investigated whether genetic transmission and genetic nurture (environmentally mediated effects) underlie associations between polygenic scores indexing parental risk and protective factors and their offspring’s ADHD traits. This birth cohort study included 19,506 genotyped mother-father-offspring trios from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. Polygenic scores were calculated for parental factors previously associated with ADHD, including psychopathology, substance use, neuroticism, educational attainment, and cognitive performance. Mothers reported on their 8-year-old children’s ADHD traits (n = 9,454 children) using the Parent/Teacher Rating Scale for Disruptive Behaviour Disorders. We found that associations between ADHD maternal and paternal polygenic scores and child ADHD traits decreased significantly when adjusting for the child polygenic score (pΔβ = 9.95 × 10−17for maternal andpΔβ = 1.48 × 10−14for paternal estimates), suggesting genetic transmission of ADHD risk. Similar patterns suggesting genetic transmission of risk were observed for smoking, educational attainment, and cognition. The maternal polygenic score for neuroticism remained associated with children’s ADHD ratings even after adjusting for the child polygenic score, indicating genetic nurture. There was no robust evidence of genetic nurture for other parental factors. Our findings indicate that the intergenerational transmission of risk for ADHD traits is largely explained by the transmission of genetic variants from parents to offspring rather than by genetic nurture. Observational associations between parental factors and childhood ADHD outcomes should not be interpreted as evidence for predominantly environmentally mediated effects.
Power and optimal study design in iPSC-based brain disease modelling
Authors: Brunner Jessie W. , Lammertse Hanna C. A. , van Berkel Annemiek A. , Koopmans Frank , Li Ka Wan , Smit August B. , Toonen Ruud F. , Verhage Matthijs , van der Sluis Sophie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStudies using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are gaining momentum in brain disorder modelling, but optimal study designs are poorly defined. Here, we compare commonly used designs and statistical analysis for different research aims. Furthermore, we generated immunocytochemical, electrophysiological, and proteomic data from iPSC-derived neurons of five healthy subjects, analysed data variation and conducted power simulations. These analyses show that published case–control iPSC studies are generally underpowered. Designs using isogenic iPSC lines typically have higher power than case–control designs, but generalization of conclusions is limited. We show that, for the realistic settings used in this study, a multiple isogenic pair design increases absolute power up to 60% or requires up to 5-fold fewer lines. A free web tool is presented to explore the power of different study designs, using any (pilot) data.
CBP-HSF2 structural and functional interplay in Rubinstein-Taybi neurodevelopmental disorder
Authors: de Thonel Aurélie , Ahlskog Johanna K. , Daupin Kevin , Dubreuil Véronique , Berthelet Jérémy , Chaput Carole , Pires Geoffrey , Leonetti Camille , Abane Ryma , Barris Lluís Cordón , Leray Isabelle , Aalto Anna L. , Naceri Sarah , Cordonnier Marine , Benasolo Carène , Sanial Matthieu , Duchateau Agathe , Vihervaara Anniina , Puustinen Mikael C. , Miozzo Federico , Fergelot Patricia , Lebigot Élise , Verloes Alain , Gressens Pierre , Lacombe Didier , Gobbo Jessica , Garrido Carmen , Westerheide Sandy D. , David Laurent , Petitjean Michel , Taboureau Olivier , Rodrigues-Lima Fernando , Passemard Sandrine , Sabéran-Djoneidi Délara , Nguyen Laurent , Lancaster Madeline , Sistonen Lea , Mezger Valérie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPatients carrying autosomal dominant mutations in the histone/lysine acetyl transferases CBP or EP300 develop a neurodevelopmental disorder: Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS). The biological pathways underlying these neurodevelopmental defects remain elusive. Here, we unravel the contribution of a stress-responsive pathway to RSTS. We characterize the structural and functional interaction between CBP/EP300 and heat-shock factor 2 (HSF2), a tuner of brain cortical development and major player in prenatal stress responses in the neocortex: CBP/EP300 acetylates HSF2, leading to the stabilization of the HSF2 protein. Consequently, RSTS patient-derived primary cells show decreased levels of HSF2 and HSF2-dependent alteration in their repertoire of molecular chaperones and stress response. Moreover, we unravel a CBP/EP300-HSF2-N-cadherin cascade that is also active in neurodevelopmental contexts, and show that its deregulation disturbs neuroepithelial integrity in 2D and 3D organoid models of cerebral development, generated from RSTS patient-derived iPSC cells, providing a molecular reading key for this complex pathology.
Probing atomic physics at ultrahigh pressure using laser-driven implosions
Authors: Hu S. X. , Bishel David T. , Chin David A. , Nilson Philip M. , Karasiev Valentin V. , Golovkin Igor E. , Gu Ming , Hansen Stephanie B. , Mihaylov Deyan I. , Shaffer Nathaniel R. , Zhang Shuai , Walton Timothy 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSpectroscopic measurements of dense plasmas at billions of atmospheres provide tests to our fundamental understanding of how matter behaves at extreme conditions. Developing reliable atomic physics models at these conditions, benchmarked by experimental data, is crucial to an improved understanding of radiation transport in both stars and inertial fusion targets. However, detailed spectroscopic measurements at these conditions are rare, and traditional collisional-radiative equilibrium models, based on isolated-atom calculations and ad hoc continuum lowering models, have proved questionable at and beyond solid density. Here we report time-integrated and time-resolved x-ray spectroscopy measurements at several billion atmospheres using laser-driven implosions of Cu-doped targets. We use the imploding shell and its hot core at stagnation to probe the spectral changes of Cu-doped witness layer. These measurements indicate the necessity and viability of modeling dense plasmas with self-consistent methods like density-functional theory, which impact the accuracy of radiation transport simulations used to describe stellar evolution and the design of inertial fusion targets.
High-pressure synthesis of seven lanthanum hydrides with a significant variability of hydrogen content
Authors: Laniel Dominique , Trybel Florian , Winkler Bjoern , Knoop Florian , Fedotenko Timofey , Khandarkhaeva Saiana , Aslandukova Alena , Meier Thomas , Chariton Stella , Glazyrin Konstantin , Milman Victor , Prakapenka Vitali , Abrikosov Igor A. , Dubrovinsky Leonid , Dubrovinskaia Natalia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe lanthanum-hydrogen system has attracted significant attention following the report of superconductivity in LaH10 at near-ambient temperatures and high pressures. Phases other than LaH10 are suspected to be synthesized based on both powder X-ray diffraction and resistivity data, although they have not yet been identified. Here, we present the results of our single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies on this system, supported by density functional theory calculations, which reveal an unexpected chemical and structural diversity of lanthanum hydrides synthesized in the range of 50 to 180 GPa. Seven lanthanum hydrides were produced, LaH3, LaH~4, LaH4+δ, La4H23, LaH6+δ, LaH9+δ, and LaH10+δ, and the atomic coordinates of lanthanum in their structures determined. The regularities in rare-earth element hydrides unveiled here provide clues to guide the search for other synthesizable hydrides and candidate high-temperature superconductors. The hydrogen content variability in lanthanum hydrides and the samples’ phase heterogeneity underline the challenges related to assessing potentially superconducting phases and the nature of electronic transitions in high-pressure hydrides.