bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of biocidal efficacy of commercial disinfectants used in public, private and workplaces during the pandemic event of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Ambrosino Annalisa , Pironti Concetta , Dell’Annunziata Federica , Giugliano Rosa , Chianese Annalisa , Moccia Giuseppina , DeCaro Francesco , Galdiero Massimiliano , Franci Gianluigi , Motta Oriana 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the performance of 24 commercial disinfectants present on the market during last year according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Recently, national and international organizations of public health performed studies on disinfection products due to the increasing awareness of the potential and growing risks on human health, such as skin damage and reactions in the mucosal lining, especially for the healthcare workers in their frequent daily use. However, there are many limitations in the common cleaning/disinfection products on market as in the selection of effective disinfectants to decontaminate inanimate surfaces. We analyzed the disinfection power of hydrogen peroxide, quaternary ammonium compounds, alcohols, phenols and aldehydes used as active principles according to international guidelines. The antimicrobial properties were assessed by broth microdilution, and antibiofilm properties against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus); their virucidal efficacy was tested against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The quaternary ammonium compounds demonstrated better efficacy than others and in some cases ready to use products had also virucidal and antimicrobial activities after dilution at 0.125%. The scientific evidence indicates that many commercial products are used at high concentrations and high doses and this could have deleterious effects both on human health and the environment. A lower concentration of active ingredients would avoid the excessive release of chemicals into the environment and improve skin tolerance, ensuring the health and safety protection of workers, including the healthcare operators at their workplace.
The principles of whole-hospital predictive analytics monitoring for clinical medicine originated in the neonatal ICU
Authors: Randall Moorman J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn 2011, a multicenter group spearheaded at the University of Virginia demonstrated reduced mortality from real-time continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring in the neonatal ICU using what we now call Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, and Machine Learning. The large, randomized heart rate characteristics trial made real, for the first time that we know of, the promise that early detection of illness would allow earlier and more effective intervention and improved patient outcomes. Currently, though, we hear as much of failures as we do of successes in the rapidly growing field of predictive analytics monitoring that has followed. This Perspective aims to describe the principles of how we developed heart rate characteristics monitoring for neonatal sepsis and then applied them throughout adult ICU and hospital medicine. It primarily reflects the work since the 1990s of the University of Virginia group: the theme is that sudden and catastrophic deteriorations can be preceded by subclinical but measurable physiological changes apparent in the continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring and electronic health record.
Drug-dependent growth curve reshaping reveals mechanisms of antifungal resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Guinn Lesia , Lo Evan , Balázsi Gábor 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMicrobial drug resistance is an emerging global challenge. Current drug resistance assays tend to be simplistic, ignoring complexities of resistance manifestations and mechanisms, such as multicellularity. Here, we characterize multicellular and molecular sources of drug resistance upon deleting the AMN1 gene responsible for clumping multicellularity in a budding yeast strain, causing it to become unicellular. Computational analysis of growth curve changes upon drug treatment indicates that the unicellular strain is more sensitive to four common antifungals. Quantitative models uncover entwined multicellular and molecular processes underlying these differences in sensitivity and suggest AMN1 as an antifungal target in clumping pathogenic yeasts. Similar experimental and mathematical modeling pipelines could reveal multicellular and molecular drug resistance mechanisms, leading to more effective treatments against various microbial infections and possibly even cancers.
Conformational plasticity of the HIV-1 gp41 immunodominant region is recognized by multiple non-neutralizing antibodies
Authors: Cook Jonathan D. , Khondker Adree , Lee Jeffrey E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe early humoral immune response to acute HIV-1 infection is largely non-neutralizing. The principal target of these antibodies is the primary immunodominant region (PID) on the gp41 fusion protein. The PID is a highly conserved 15-residue region displayed on the surface of HIV-1 virions. In this study, we analyzed the humoral determinants of HIV-1 gp41 PID binding using biophysical, structural, and computational methods. In complex with a patient-derived near-germline antibody fragment, the PID motif adopts an elongated random coil, whereas the PID bound to affinity-matured Fab adopts a strand-turn-helix conformation. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that the PID is structurally plastic suggesting that the PID can form an ensemble of structural states recognized by various non-neutralizing antibodies, facilitating HIV-1 immunodominance observed in acute and chronic HIV-1 infections. An improved understanding of how the HIV-1 gp41 PID misdirects the early humoral response should guide the development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine.
Equality of access and resilience in urban population-facility networks
Authors: Fan Chao , Jiang Xiangqi , Lee Ronald , Mostafavi Ali 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhile conceptual definitions have provided a foundation for measuring inequality of access and resilience in urban facilities, the challenge for researchers and practitioners alike has been to develop analytical support for urban system development that reduces inequality and improves resilience. Using 30 million large-scale anonymized smartphone-location data, here, we calibrate models to optimize the distribution of facilities and present insights into the interplay between equality and resilience in the development of urban facilities. Results from ten metropolitan counties in the United States reveal that inequality of access to facilities is due to the inconsistency between population and facility distributions, which can be reduced by minimizing total travel costs for urban populations. Resilience increases with more equitable facility distribution by increasing effective embeddedness ranging from 10% to 30% for different facilities and counties. The results imply that resilience and equality are related and should be considered jointly in urban system development.
Neural networks adaptive control for fractional‐order non‐linear system with unmodelled dynamics and actuator faults
Authors: Bi Wenshan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe fault‐tolerant control (FTC) problem for fractional‐order (FO) non‐linear systems with unmodelled dynamics and actuator faults is studied. First, the author uses neural networks (NNs) to identify unknown non‐linear functions and apply a FO dynamic signal to control unmodelled dynamics. Then, fractional‐order dynamic surface control (FODSC) is introduced in the design process of the adaptive backstepping control algorithm to avoid complex explosion problems. In addition, an adaptive NNs FTC algorithm using the FO Lyapunov stability criterion is designed. Importantly, the author shows that the proposed system is stable, and the tracking error could be converged to a small neighbourhood of zero. Finally, a simulation example is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Application of the adaptive fuzzy wavelet neural network for two‐axis trajectory control*
Authors: Chen Sung‐Hua , Mao Wei‐Lung , Lu Wei‐Xian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe accuracy of contour tracking is an important issue to be addressed for the X‐Y stage in a machining tool. Applying a better control scheme can help to increase the tracking accuracy with the effects of systems' uncertainties, nonlinearities and disturbances. In this paper, to prevent these negative effects and achieve high accuracy tracking control of the two‐axis motion stage, the adaptive fuzzy wavelet neural network (AFWNN) PI sliding mode controller is proposed. The adaptive algorithm is combined with the basis function of the wavelet neural network and fuzzy system to approximate the plant model functions. Then, the controller with PI sliding mode structure could be built based on the estimated system function. In this method, the time domain positioning property of wavelet and the reasoning of the fuzzy system could provide the well‐estimated plant model. Moreover, the adaptive algorithm and sliding mode control scheme help to reduce the effects of parameter variation and uncertainties. The stability is analyzed via Lyapunov stability theorem to prove the asymptotic stability of the system. In the simulation and experimental results, the contours are planned through the nonuniform rational B‐spline (NURBS), which is considered a high accuracy interpolator. The tested curves consist of circle, bow, heart, star and trident. The average and standard deviations of the tracking errors are compared to other methods to illustrate the performance of the proposed method. The results demonstrate that the method can reduce errors more effectively and have better localization for trajectory tracking.
Factores asociados a infección de vías urinarias luego de una prostatectomía
Authors: Gonzalez Jaime Enrique Paillier , Piraquive Miguel Sebastián Rodríguez , Gonzalez Cecilia Paillier , Moreno Mario Andrés Sfeir , Becerra Nathalia María Pérez 
Published: March 2022

Resumen
Introducción y Objetivo La cirugía de próstata es un procedimiento frecuente en varones mayores. Existen diferentes técnicas, cuya elección depende de la patología a tratar, de la experiencia del especialista, y de la disponibilidad técnica. Entre sus complicaciones se encuentra la infección del tracto urinario, que ocasiona incremento en morbimortalidad y costos para el sistema de salud. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar los factores relacionados con la aparición de infección urinaria luego de este tipo de cirugía.
Materiales y Métodos Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles en una población de pacientes sometidos a prostatectomía del 2018 hasta principios del 2020 en Medellín, Colombia. Los casos correspondieron a los pacientes que presentaron infección de vías urinarias hasta 30 días tras la prostatectomía. Se estimó la asociación entre casos y controles por medio del cálculo de la razón de disparidad (RD), la cual se ajustó con una regresión logística y con un modelo aditivo generalizado multivariado.
Resultados Se identificaron 96 casos incidentes de infección del trato urinario luego de la prostatectomía, con una prevalencia de 8.99%. La frecuencia de solicitud de urocultivo preoperatorio fue de 52,92% (intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%]: 48,34–57,44%). Las variables independientemente asociadas con la aparición de infección urinaria fueron: solicitud de urocultivo prequirúrgico, número de dosis, y tipo de antibiótico usado para la profilaxis. Particularmente, se encontró como factor protector el uso de aminoglucósidos. En los pacientes con infección urinaria, los principales gérmenes aislados fueron: Eschirichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klepsiella pneumoniae, Enterococos faecalis y Serratia marcescens.
Conclusión Este estudio demuestra que factores como la solicitud preoperatoria de urocultivo y el uso de aminoglucósidos en los esquemas de profilaxis quirúrgica reducen la probabilidad de desarrollar una infección urinaria luego de una prostatectomía.
Local environment of iodine dissolved as iodate in high-pressure aluminoborosilicate glasses: A I K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopic study
Authors: Morizet Yann , Trcera Nicolas , Suzuki-Muresan Tomo , Soudani Sami , Fonda Emiliano , Paris Michael 
Published: March 2022

The use of high-pressure synthesis conditions to produce I-bearing aluminoborosilicate represents a promising issue for the immobilization of 129I radioisotope. Furthermore, iodine appears to be more solubilized in glasses under its iodate (I5+) form rather than its iodide (I−) form. Currently, the local atomic environment for iodine is poorly constrained for I− and virtually unknown for I5+ or I7+. We used I K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy conducted at 20 K for determining the local atomic environment of iodine dissolved as I−, I5+, and I7+ in a series of aluminoborosilicate glasses. We determined that I− is surrounded by either Na+ or Ca2+ in agreement with previous studies. The signal collected from EXAFS reveals that I5+ is surrounded invariably by three oxygen atoms forming an IO3− cluster charge compensated by Na+ and/or Ca2+. The I–O distance in iodate dissolved in glass is comparable to the I–O distance in crystalline compounds at ∼1.8 Å. The distance to the second nearest neighbor (Na+ or Ca2+) is also constant at ∼3.2 Å. This derived distance is identical to the distance between I− and Na+ or Ca2+ in the case of iodide local environment. For one sample containing iodate and periodate, the distinction between the local environment of I5+ and I7+ could not be made, suggesting that both environments have comparable EXAFS signals.
Optimal deep brain stimulation sites and networks for cervical vs. generalized dystonia
Authors: Horn Andreas , Reich Martin M. , Ewert Siobhan , Li Ningfei , Al-Fatly Bassam , Lange Florian , Roothans Jonas , Oxenford Simon , Horn Isabel , Paschen Steffen , Runge Joachim , Wodarg Fritz , Witt Karsten , Nickl Robert C. , Wittstock Matthias , Schneider Gerd-Helge , Mahlknecht Philipp , Poewe Werner , Eisner Wilhelm , Helmers Ann-Kristin , Matthies Cordula , Krauss Joachim K. , Deuschl Günther , Volkmann Jens , Kühn Andrea A. 
Published: March 2022

Significance
We studied deep brain stimulation effects in two types of dystonia and conclude that different specific connections between the pallidum and thalamus are responsible for optimal treatment effects. Since alternative treatment options for dystonia beyond deep brain stimulation are scarce, our results will be crucial to maximize treatment outcome in this population of patients.
Does interpreter location make a difference?
Authors: Hale Sandra , Goodman-Delahunty Jane , Martschuk Natalie , Lim Julie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Remote interpreting has traditionally been the less preferred option when compared to face-to-face interpreting. But the recent pandemic has shifted the landscape, making remote interpreting the default in many, if not most, settings. Improved videoconferencing technologies have facilitated this transition. The main question is whether remote interpreting has any impact on interpreter performance, including interpreting accuracy. This article presents the results of an experimental study that compared the performance of 103 qualified interpreters in three language combinations (English + Arabic, Mandarin and Spanish) in three conditions (face-to-face vs video remote vs audio remote interpreting) in the context of simulated police interviews. The interpreters’ preferences and perceptions were elicited and analysed, and their performance assessed by independent trained raters using detailed marking criteria. The results showed no significant differences between face-to-face and video interpreting, but significant decrements in audio remote interpreting performance. More than one-third of the interpreters perceived remote interpreting as being more difficult due to technological challenges. No differences emerged between the language groups on any measure.
Synthesis of transition metal dichalcogenide van der Waals heterostructures through chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Ren Yizhang , Zhang Ling , Zhu Xukun , Li Huimin , Dong Qizhi , Liu Song 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures show great potential in the exploration of novel physical phenomena and practical applications. Compared to the traditional mechanical stacking techniques, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method exhibits more advantages in preparing TMD vdW heterostructures. CVD enables the large-scale production of high-quality materials with clean interfaces in the future. Herein, CVD methods for the synthesis of TMD vdW heterostructures are summarized. These methods are categorized in two major strategies, multi-step process and one-step process. The effects of various factors are demonstrated, including the temperature, nucleation, and precursors. Finally, the remaining challenges are discussed.
Alternative electronic density of states model for metastable crystalline phase of Ge2Sb2Te5
Authors: Nagendra Arun , Trombley Jeremy , Chan Erwin H W 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Motivated by future data storage requirements, Ge2Sb2Te5 is studied for application in phase-change random access memory. The currently accepted density of states (DOS) models for the cubic crystalline phase, based on first-principles calculations, are reviewed. An alternative DOS model, which incorporates band tails and an antimony vacancy multivalent defect, is proposed. Solar cell capacitance simulation results reveal that the alternative model is successful in predicting a free hole concentration and Fermi level position consistent with previous Hall effect and thermopower measurements respectively. The conduction band tail, which has not previously been incorporated within the DOS model of the crystalline phase, is shown to contribute to this success.
Genuine hidden nonlocality without entanglement: from the perspective of local discrimination
Authors: Li Mao-Sheng , Zheng Zhu-Jun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Quantum nonlocality without entanglement is a fantastic phenomenon in quantum theory. This kind of quantum nonlocality is based on the task of local discrimination of quantum states. Recently, Bandyopadhyay and Halder (2021 Phys. Rev. A 104 L050201) studied the problem: is there any set of orthogonal states which can be locally distinguishable, but under some orthogonality preserving local measurement, each outcome will lead to a locally indistinguishable set. The set with such property is called to have hidden nonlocality. Moreover, if such phenomenon can not arise from discarding subsystems which is termed as local irredundancy, we call it genuine hidden nonlocality. There, they presented several sets of entangled states with genuine hidden nonlocality. However, they doubted the existence of a set without entanglement but with genuine hidden nonlocality. In this paper, we eliminate this doubt by constructing a series of sets without entanglement but whose nonlocality can be genuinely activated. We derive a method to tackle with the local irredundancy problem which is a key tricky for the systems whose local dimensions are composite numbers. Unexpectedly, the constructions of genuine hidden nonlocal sets without entanglement seems to be easier than that with entanglement. Therefore, from this perspective, this kind of nonlocality is rather different from the Bell nonlocality.
Role of neutrino form factors in the energy loss rates of the pair annihilation process
Authors: Aydın C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The stellar energy loss rates due to the production of neutrino pairs

are calculated using the minimal extension of the Standard Model with the electromagnetic properties of the Dirac neutrinos, which takes the contributions of the neutrino charge radius, anapole moment, and dipole moments into account. We show that the contribution of the electron neutrino's dipole moment is small compared with that of the charge radius. The obtained results are also compared with the results obtained using the Standard Model.
Quasi-periodic Oscillation Analysis for the BL Lacertae Object 1823+568
Authors: Li Huai-Zhen , Gao Quan-Gui , Qin Long-Hua , Yi Ting-Feng , Chen Qi-Rui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We studied the optical band periodic variability of 1823+568 using the Jurkevich method, the Lomb–Scargle periodogram and the REDFIT38 software, and found evidence of quasi-periodic oscillation. An unprecedented variability with period

P
=

283

−
13

+
17

days was identified by three different analysis methods. This quasi-periodic variability most likely results from nonballistic helical jet motion driven by the orbital motion in a binary black hole system. Considering the light-travel time effect, the real physical period is P

d
= 67.1 yr. Moreover, we estimated that the primary black hole mass is M ≃ 1.92 × 109
M
⊙ to 3.43 × 109
M
⊙.
Studies on the influence of FFF parameters on the tensile properties of samples made of ABS
Authors: Portoaca A , Nae I , Zisopol D G , Ramadan I 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
FFF (Fused Filament Fabrication) prototyping method is mostly used in the fabrication of 3D complex geometric shapes. Layer by layer deposition technology offers a wide range of shapes for plastic parts. The mechanical characteristics of the manufactured parts depends on the plastic material used and the FFF printing parameters. The studies conducted in this paper show the influence of the FFF parameters on the tensile properties of ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene). The results indicate a considerable effect of infill percentage on tensile properties.
Considerations on implementing Industry 4.0 in a manufacturing process
Authors: Udvuleanu G , Nicolae V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
An industrial manufacturing company must adapt to the market all the time. If not, there is a high risk of losing money and the business can fail (for example in 2020, due to COVID 19 situation, more than 40% of businesses have temporary close their business and 60% of them have remained permanently closed). Wouldn’t be wonderful if the manufacturing process can be flexible and adapted in function of the customer demand? Industry 4.0 does that – in the function of orders, software can tell us with how many people or machines can work, what will be the rooting/flow, how much energy is needed for that manufacturing process, etc. and most important – when the goods will be on the market. Industry 4.0 is playing a role more and more important in all the fields, as everybody is looking for performance and efficiency. This article is showing a study on an assembly line for the gear shifter of a manual gearbox. People might be taking wrong decisions when there is a tight situation regarding breakdowns or capacity crisis, but a good system in place can guide the humans to apply the best solution to avoid losses and increase productivity. In this article you will find an example of how Industry 4.0 can influence an assembly line, for a simple product, by increasing the productivity at 133% versus a traditional line who lost 40% in productivity due to a machinery breakdown.