bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective ballooning technique for prevention of side branch occlusion in coronary nonleft main true bifurcation lesions: A single‐center study
Authors: Wang Man , Liu Haibo , Xu Bo , Bian Xiaoli , Liu Lingan , Hu Fenghuan , Chen Jue , Gao Lijian , Zou Tongqiang , Yang Yuejin , Qiao Shubin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a protective ballooning technique in preventing side branch (SB) occlusion and to assess the long‐term clinical outcomes for coronary nonleft main true bifurcation lesions.BackgroundSB occlusion is a major complication associated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for coronary bifurcation lesions.MethodsPatients were consecutively enrolled and randomly assigned to protective ballooning technique or jailed wire technique group. Periprocedural and long‐term clinical outcomes were compared.ResultsPatients in the protective ballooning technique (n = 173) and jailed wire technique (n = 167) groups were followed up for 12 months. SB occlusion occurred in one patient (0.6%) and nine patients (5.4%) in each group, respectively. The proportion of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade 3 of the SB was higher in the protective ballooning technique group (98.8% vs. 95.2%, p < 0.05). SB rewiring was necessary in one patient in the protective ballooning technique group (0.6%) with provisional stenting, significantly lower than that in the jailed wire technique group (seven patients, 4.2%; p = 0.03). Periprocedural myocardial infarction occurred in three (1.73%) and six (3.59%) patients in the protective ballooning technique and jailed wire technique groups without significant difference, respectively. Major adverse cardiovascular events at 12 months were similar in both groups.ConclusionsProtective ballooning technique is effective for the prevention of SB occlusion in nonleft main true bifurcation lesions and had favorable long‐term outcomes at the 12‐month follow‐up.
Hyperparathyroidism: Unusual location of brown tumors
Authors: Fazaa Alia , Makhlouf Yasmine , Miladi Soussen , Sellami Mariem , Ouenniche Kmar , Souebni Leila , Kassab Selma , Chekili Selma , Ben Abdelghani Kawther , Laatar Ahmed 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBrown tumors (BTs) are due to a proliferation of multinucleated giant cells in osteolytic lesions. They complicate the course of hyperparathyroidism. Thanks to an early screening of bone metabolism disorders; BTs are nowadays rare bone manifestations. We demonstrate through these two cases reports unusual locations of BTs in hyperparathyroidism.
Simultaneous Compression and Absorption for Energy‐Efficient Dissolution of Gases in Liquid
Authors: Giakoumatou Evgenia , Goßmann Ann‐Kathrin , Stelzner Björn , Trimis Dimosthenis 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this study, a novel approach for energy‐efficient dissolution of gases in liquid is presented, which significantly reduces the compression work. The core of the one‐step process is the simultaneous operation of compression and absorption. The liquid was injected into a cylinder filled with the gas, while a piston compressed the mixture during the injection time. The solubility increases with increasing system pressure, so that the compression work of the gas phase is permanently reduced on the one hand by the permanent reduction of the gas volume and on the other hand by the nearly isothermal compression process. The approach is demonstrated in this study using liquid H2O and gaseous CO2 compressed up to 10 bar. The theoretical energy savings of the novel process compared to the conventional two‐stage process is 41.2 % for the selected fluids. A maximum energy saving of 40.8 % was demonstrated in the experiments. The results also show that the energy saving depends on the curve of the piston speed and the injection time.
Cancer disparities among non‐Hispanic urban American Indian and Alaska Native populations in the United States, 1999‐2017
Authors: Melkonian Stephanie C. , Jim Melissa A. , Pete Dornell , Poel Amy , Dominguez Adrian E. , Echo‐Hawk Abigail , Zhang Stephanie , Wilson Reda J. , Haverkamp Donald , Petras Lindsey , Pohlenz Ashley 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundDisparities in cancer incidence have not been described for urban American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations. The purpose of the present study was to examine incidence rates (2008‐2017) and trends (1999‐2017) for leading cancers in urban non‐Hispanic AI/AN (NH AI/AN) compared to non‐Hispanic White (NHW) populations living in the same urban areas.MethodsIncident cases from population‐based cancer registries were linked with the Indian Health Service patient registration database for improved racial classification of NH AI/AN populations. This study was limited to counties in Urban Indian Health Organization service areas. Analyses were conducted by geographic region. Age‐adjusted rates (per 100,000) and trends (joinpoint regression) were calculated for leading cancers.ResultsRates of colorectal, liver, and kidney cancers were higher overall for urban NH AI/AN compared to urban NHW populations. By region, rates of these cancers were 10% to nearly 4 times higher in NH AI/AN compared to NHW populations. Rates for breast, prostate, and lung cancer were lower in urban NH AI/AN compared to urban NHW populations. Incidence rates for kidney, liver, pancreatic, and breast cancers increased from 2% to nearly 7% annually between 1999 to 2017 in urban NH AI/AN populations.ConclusionsThis study presents cancer incidence rates and trends for the leading cancers among urban NH AI/AN compared to urban NHW populations for the first time, by region, in the United States. Elevated risk of certain cancers among urban NH AI/AN populations and widening cancer disparities highlight important health inequities and missed opportunities for cancer prevention in this population.
Solid‐state Synthesis of Cu doped CDs with Peroxidase‐mimicking Activity at Neutral pH and Sensing of Antioxidants
Authors: Bijalwan Kriti , Kumari Anu , Kaushal Neha , Indra Arindam , Saha Avishek 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCarbon dots with peroxidase‐mimicking properties have attracted considerable attention for various sensing and biomedical applications. However, most peroxidase nanozymes do not show activity at neutral pH and only work in acidic conditions. In this work, crystalline Cu‐doped, Mn‐doped, and undoped carbon dots (CDs) are prepared via one‐step, solid‐state, microwave synthesis. Among them, Cu‐CDs demonstrate catalytic oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and 2,2′‐azino‐bis (3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) with H2O2 at pH 7 and pH 6 respectively. Our study shows that Mn‐doped and undoped CDs do not feature peroxidase‐like properties at pH=7. The mechanism and kinetics of the peroxidase‐mimicking reaction of Cu‐CDs were investigated by spectroscopic studies. Moreover, colorimetric sensing of different antioxidants was monitored based on the reduction of oxidized TMB, with selective detection of ascorbic acid in the range of ∼2–1000 μM with a limit of detection of 23.3 μM. This work introduces a facile strategy for synthesizing metal‐doped CDs with promising applications in biosensing and catalysis.
Image naturalness model based on prototypical memory colors (sky, grass, and skin)
Authors: Tian Dalin , Ji Cheng , Luo Ming Ronnier 
Published: February 2022

AbstractImage naturalness is a potent attribute to enhance image quality, and it is related to people's perception of memory colors. Many previous experiments aimed to locate the memory colors on different media. Their findings indicate that the memory colors obtained vary between color patches and images and between experimental techniques. However, there were no satisfying models with appropriate memory color centers to scale the image naturalness. This study generated an image database including three prototypical memory colors images (sky, grass, and skin) and their local processed images. First, visual naturalness and preference data were collected from a psychophysical experiment. Then, the distribution of naturalness followed by memory color positions was analyzed. Based on the distribution pattern, the ellipsoid models for each prototypical memory color were established. The results from the present memory color centers were compared with those from the other studies. Results show that the present color centers always give better prediction accuracy in image naturalness models. Finally, an image preference model was developed based on the image naturalness and colorfulness.
Backstepping global and structural stabilization of direct current/direct current boost converter
Authors: Madni Zineb , Guesmi Kamel , Benalia Atallah 
Published: February 2022

SummaryThis paper deals with the stabilization of direct current/direct current (DC/DC) boost converter and the nonlinear phenomena elimination using a constrained backstepping technique. Based on the converter averaged model, the proposed control approach is designed and the input to state stability concept is used to prove the system global stability. Furthermore, the structural stability is proven to show the efficiency of the proposed approach to suppress the nonlinear phenomena exhibited by the converter. The simulation results illustrate the different stability regions of the system as functions of the controller and the system parameters. The bifurcation diagrams are used to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach in terms of nonlinear phenomena suppression in wide regions of the system operating domains.
Total Syntheses of the Imidazo[1,2‐f]phenanthridine‐Containing Alkaloid Zephycandidine A
Authors: Sheng Bingbing , Zeng Cuicui , Chen Jing , Ye Wen‐Cai , Tang Wei , Lan Ping , Banwell Martin G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTwo distinct and concise syntheses of zephycandidine A (1) from readily available starting materials are reported. In the first, the imidazole derived from piperonal (7 a) was subjected to reaction with o‐bromoiodobenzene or the corresponding di‐iodide in the presence of Pd[0] and thereby forming, via Buchwald–Hartwig and Heck reactions, a mixture of target 1 and regio‐isomer 10. These products could only be separated from one another by HPLC. A lower yielding but completely regioselective synthesis of zephycandidine A (1) was achieved by palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of the imidazole, 6 b, derived from the bromopiperonal 7 b with o‐iodophenylboronic acid (5 d). Preliminary biological screening of compounds 1, 10 and certain precursors reveal that some possess anti‐viral properties but, contrary to expectations, are not notable inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase.
Anthropogenic Zinc Exposure Increases Mortality and Antioxidant Gene Expression in Monarch Butterflies with Low Access to Dietary Macronutrients
Authors: Shephard Alexander M. , Brown Noah S. , Snell-Rood Emilie C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Biologists seek to understand why organisms vary in their abilities to tolerate anthropogenic contaminants, such as heavy metals. However, few studies have considered how tolerance may be affected by condition-moderating factors such as dietary resource availability. For instance, the availability of crucial limiting macronutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorous, can vary across space and time either naturally or due to anthropogenic nutrient inputs (e.g., agricultural fertilizers or vehicle emissions). Organisms developing in more macronutrient-rich environments should be of higher overall condition, displaying a greater ability to tolerate metal contaminants. In monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus), we factorially manipulated dietary macronutrient availability and exposure to zinc, a common metal contaminant in urban habitats that can be toxic but also has nutritional properties. We tested whether (1) the ability to survive zinc exposure depends on dietary macronutrient availability and (2) whether individuals exposed to elevated zinc levels display higher expression of antioxidant genes, given the roles of antioxidants in combatting metal-induced oxidative stress. Exposure to elevated zinc reduced survival only for monarchs developing on a low-macronutrient diet. However, for monarchs developing on a high-macronutrient diet, elevated zinc exposure tended to increase survival. In addition, monarchs exposed to elevated zinc displayed higher expression of antioxidant genes when developing on the low-macronutrient diet but lower expression when developing on the high-macronutrient diet. Altogether, our study shows that organismal survival and oxidative stress responses to anthropogenic zinc contamination depend on the availability of macronutrient resources in the developmental environment. In addition, our results suggest the hypothesis that whether zinc acts as a toxicant or a nutrient may depend on macronutrient supply. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1286–1296. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Pollution induces epigenetic effects that are stably transmitted across multiple generations
Authors: Harney Ewan , Paterson Steve , Collin Hélène , Chan Brian H.K. , Bennett Daimark , Plaistow Stewart J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIt has been hypothesized that the effects of pollutants on phenotypes can be passed to subsequent generations through epigenetic inheritance, affecting populations long after the removal of a pollutant. But there is still little evidence that pollutants can induce persistent epigenetic effects in animals. Here, we show that low doses of commonly used pollutants induce genome-wide differences in cytosine methylation in the freshwater crustacean Daphnia pulex. Uniclonal populations were either continually exposed to pollutants or switched to clean water, and methylation was compared to control populations that did not experience pollutant exposure. Although some direct changes to methylation were only present in the continually exposed populations, others were present in both the continually exposed and switched to clean water treatments, suggesting that these modifications had persisted for 7 months (&gt;15 generations). We also identified modifications that were only present in the populations that had switched to clean water, indicating a long-term legacy of pollutant exposure distinct from the persistent effects. Pollutant-induced differential methylation tended to occur at sites that were highly methylated in controls. Modifications that were observed in both continually and switched treatments were highly methylated in controls and showed reduced methylation in the treatments. On the other hand, modifications found just in the switched treatment tended to have lower levels of methylation in the controls and showed increase methylation in the switched treatment. In a second experiment, we confirmed that sublethal doses of the same pollutants generate effects on life histories for at least three generations following the removal of the pollutant. Our results demonstrate that even low doses of pollutants can induce transgenerational epigenetic effects that are stably transmitted over many generations. Persistent effects are likely to influence phenotypic development, which could contribute to the rapid adaptation, or extinction, of populations confronted by anthropogenic stressors.
Enhanced carbon dioxide capture performance of natural mineral vermiculite‐derived lithium silicate with Na doping
Authors: Wan Yinji , Liu Ying , Sun Ruobing , Du Yuntian , Xie Mengkai , Qian Gang , Liu Zhisong , Liu Minmin , Dan Jianming , Yu Feng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNatural clay mineral‐derived functional materials have attracted considerable attention worldwide. Herein, natural mineral vermiculite (VMT)‐derived lithium silicate (VMT‐based Li4SiO4) materials with different molar ratios of Na to Si were prepared for the high‐temperature CO2 capture. Among developed adsorbents, the VMT‐Li4SiO4‐2Na materials displayed superior CO2 adsorption ability with 0.28 g/gadsorbent adsorption rate after 5 min and 33.67 wt% capture capacity at 650°C. The experimental investigations uncovered the presence of Li3NaSiO4 or/and eutectic Li2CO3‐Na2CO3 molten salt resulting from the introduction of Na2CO3, which resulted in higher CO2 uptake. Furthermore, the cyclic carbonation–decarbonation experiment of VMT‐Li4SiO4‐2Na showed better stability when the O2 was used to perform the decarbonation step. We believe that the Na modified‐VMT‐based Li4SiO4 adsorbent shows potential for practical applications in peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutralization. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fluctuations in EEG band power at subject‐specific timescales over minutes to days explain changes in seizure evolutions
Authors: Panagiotopoulou Mariella , Papasavvas Christoforos A. , Schroeder Gabrielle M. , Thomas Rhys H. , Taylor Peter N. , Wang Yujiang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEpilepsy is recognised as a dynamic disease, where both seizure susceptibility and seizure characteristics themselves change over time. Specifically, we recently quantified the variable electrographic spatio‐temporal seizure evolutions that exist within individual patients. This variability appears to follow subject‐specific circadian, or longer, timescale modulations. It is therefore important to know whether continuously recorded interictaliEEG features can capture signatures of these modulations over different timescales. In this study, we analyse continuous intracranial electroencephalographic (iEEG) recordings from video‐telemetry units and find fluctuations in iEEG band power over timescales ranging from minutes up to 12 days. As expected and in agreement with previous studies, we find that all subjects show a circadian fluctuation in their iEEG band power. We additionally detect other fluctuations of similar magnitude on subject‐specific timescales. Importantly, we find that a combination of these fluctuations on different timescales can explain changes in seizure evolutions in most subjects above chance level. These results suggest that subject‐specific fluctuations in iEEG band power over timescales of minutes to days may serve as markers of seizure modulating processes. We hope that future study can link these detected fluctuations to their biological driver(s). There is a critical need to better understand seizure modulating processes, as this will enable the development of novel treatment strategies that could minimise the seizure spread, duration or severity and therefore the clinical impact of seizures.
Isotopic source identification of nitrogen pollution in the Pi River in Chengdu
Authors: Ding Yao , Shi Qing , OuYang Lili , Lai Bo , Lai Chengyue , Yao Gang , Wang Zhaoli , Jia Binyang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study used stable isotope (δ15N-NO3− and δ18O-NO3−) ratios, modeled by means of a Bayesian stable isotope analysis in R (SIAR) approach, to identify nitrate sources in the Pi River, which flows through the megacity Chengdu. The goal was to determine where management resources should be applied to reduce nitrogen pollution. Results revealed that NO3− was the primary nitrogen species throughout the study area; that it originated in manure and sewage, as well as nitrification of fertilizer and soil nitrogen; and that the nitrogen in the main stream came primarily from the tributaries. Notably, the nitrogen concentration in the tributaries exhibited no evident seasonal variations, further demonstrating that its source was intensive anthropogenic activity. Results of Bayesian model (SIAR) estimation indicated that manure and sewage were the dominant nitrate contributors in the watershed and that the nitrate concentration decreased from 54.19% to 39.57% in response to water treatment. These results empirically demonstrate that the methodology described in this work can be used effectively in catchments affected by intensive anthropogenic activity to determine where management resources should be applied to reduce nitrogen pollution. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:1609–1620. © 2022 SETAC
KEY POINTS
Point-source pollution is still prominent and requires additional control measures. Urban planning policies and management programs should strengthen point source control, prevent wastewater treatment plant overflows, and improve the sewage network collection rate. Environmental regulation should focus on nitrate as well as on ammonia nitrogen pollution. The dual stable isotope approach combined with a Bayesian model (SIAR) analysis can quickly and accurately identify nitrogen pollution sources in complex urban environments.
Analysis of the Associations Between the Human Fecal Microbiome and Bone Density, Structure, and Strength: The Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Cohort
Authors: Orwoll Eric S. , Parimi Neeta , Wiedrick Jack , Lapidus Jodi , Napoli Nicola , Wilkinson Jeremy E. , Huttenhower Curtis , Langsetmo Lisa , Kiel Douglas P. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
In preclinical models, the composition and function of the gut microbiota have been linked to bone growth and homeostasis, but there are few available data from studies of human populations. In a hypothesis-generating experiment in a large cohort of community-dwelling older men (n = 831; age range, 78–98 years), we explored the associations between fecal microbial profiles and bone density, microarchitecture, and strength measured with total hip dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT) (distal radius, distal and diaphyseal tibia). Fecal samples were collected and the 16S rRNA gene V4 hypervariable region sequenced. Sequences were bioinformatically processed through the DADA2 pipeline and then taxonomically assigned using SILVA. Generalized linear models as implemented in microbiome multivariable association with linear models (MaAsLin 2) were used to test for associations between skeletal measures and specific microbial genera. The abundances of four bacterial genera were weakly associated with bone density, structure, or strength (false discovery rate [FDR] ≤ 0.05), and the measured directions of associations of genera were generally consistent across multiple bone measures, supporting a role for microbiota on skeletal homeostasis. However, the associated effect sizes were small (log2 fold change &lt; ±0.35), limiting power to confidently identify these associations even with high resolution skeletal imaging phenotypes, and we assessed the resulting implications for the design of future cohort-based studies. As in analogous examples from genomewide association studies, we find that larger cohort sizes will likely be needed to confidently identify associations between the fecal microbiota and skeletal health relying on 16S sequencing. Our findings bolster the view that the gut microbiome is associated with clinically important measures of bone health, while also indicating the challenges in the design of cohort-based microbiome studies. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).