bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Hemodynamic Changes After Medial Patellofemoral Ligament
Reconstruction
Authors: Inoue Hiroaki , Arai Yuji , Nakagawa Shuji , Fujii Yuta , Kaihara Kenta , Takahashi Kenji 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe resumption of blood flow is an important factor in the remodeling process of
the graft. The purpose of this study is to evaluate hemodynamic changes after
medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction using magnetic resonance
angiography (MRA) as the evaluation of graft remodeling. Eleven knees that
underwent anatomical MPFL reconstruction with the semitendinosus tendon were
studied. We evaluated the blood flow around the bone tunnel wall in the arterial
phase using MRA approximate 3 months and 1 year after surgery. Clinical and
radiological evaluations were also analyzed. MRA showed an inflow vessel into
the bone tunnel wall from the medial superior genicular artery on the femoral
side, and from the articular branch of the descending genicular artery and the
medial superior genicular artery on the patellar side. This contrast effect was
decreased at 12 months after surgery in all cases. The clinical scores improved
from baseline one year postoperatively. We revealed the blood flow to the bone
tunnel wall after anatomical MPFL reconstruction is detected by MRA. The blood
flow started within 2 or 3 months postoperatively and was sustained for 12
months. This study supported remodeling of the graft continues 3 months after
surgery when the conformity of the patellofemoral joint stabilizes.
Synthesis and Structure–Activity Relationship Studies of Nicot­lactone Analogues as Anti-TMV Agents
Authors: Zhou Huan , Xu Gong , He Hong-Wei , Chi Yuan , Chen Cai-Yun , Wang Fei-Yu , Wang Jia-Xin , Xu Dan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of the originally proposed structure of (±)-nicotlactone A, a potent antiviral lignan with three continuous chiral centers, is reported in 5 steps from methyl acrylate. The key steps of the synthesis included an In-catalyzed regioselective allylation and a Mn-catalyzed Mukaiyama hydration reaction. Our synthetic strategy also enabled us to get the other three epimers and investigate the structure–activity relationship. The NMR data of the synthesized compounds do not match that of the isolated sample, indicating that the structure of nicotlactone A remains to be reassigned. All the synthetic target compounds were evaluated for their anti-tobacco mosaic virus (anti-TMV) activity. Bioassay results indicated that (±)-8-demethylnicotlactone A displayed similar anti-TMV activity to the commercial agent ningnanmycin, thus being a promising candidate or lead compound for developing novel antiviral agents in crop protection.
Regiocontrol by Halogen Substituent on Arynes: Generation of 3-Haloarynes and Their Synthetic Reactions
Authors: Miyabe Hideto 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe use of arynes as highly reactive intermediates has attracted substantial attention in organic synthesis. To enhance the utility of arynes, the regiocontrol in the reactions of unsymmetrically substituted arynes is an important task. The introduction of halogen substituent at 3-position of arynes leads to sufficient regiocontrol for various synthetic reactions. This short review highlights the utility of 3-halo­arynes in organic synthesis and discusses the distortion models used to explain regioselectivity, representative reactions of 3-haloarynes generated from polyhaloarenes, and the preparation and reactions of easily activatable aryne precursors.1	Introduction2	Distortion Models3	Reaction of Precursors Activated by an Organometallic Reagent or Base4	Preparation of Easily Activatable Precursors5	Reactions of Easily Activatable Precursors6	Concluding Remarks
Delivery Mode and Neurological Complications in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Costa Sara Todo Bom , Costa Paula , Graça André Mendes , Abrantes Margarida ,   Portuguese National Registry of very low birth weight infants
Published: April 2022

Objective The risk of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and periventricular leukomalacia is associated with low birth weight and gestational age. Caesarean section (CS) may reduce the risk of IVH, although it has been a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the mode of delivery (MOD) on the development of IVH and cystic periventricular leukomalacia (cPVL).
Study Design We analyzed an initial cohort of 11,023 very low birth weight (VLBW) infants born between January 2010 and December 2019. Infants with major malformations and gestational age <23 weeks and ≥32 weeks were excluded. A final cohort of 8,251 newborns was analyzed. Data was collected from Portuguese National very low birth weight registry. Cases were classified as vaginal delivery (VD) or CS. Outcome was assessed in univariate and logistic regression analyses.
Results The median gestational age was 29 weeks (IQR 3.3) and the median weight was 1,100 g (IQR 555). The prevalence of IVH was significantly higher in the VD group versus the CS group, across all grading levels:1,144 newborns had grade I IVH (16% VD vs. 14% CS, p <0.01), 706 had grade II IVH (12% VD vs. 7.6% CS, p <0.01), and 777 had grade III IVH (14% VD vs. 7.9% CS, p <0.01). Post-hemorrhagic ventricular dilatation occurred in 457 newborns (8.3% VD vs. 4.6% CS, p <0.01) and 456 newborns had periventricular hemorrhagic infarction (8.4% VD vs. 4.5% CS, p <0.01). There was no association between MOD and cPVL. After applying a logistic regression analysis, including known risk factors for IVH and cPVL, VD was independently associated with an increased risk of IVH (odds ratio [OR] 1.600[1.423–1.799], p <0.001) and its complications (OR 1.440[1.195–1.735], p <0.001). MOD was not associated with an increased risk of cPVL.
Conclusion Our study suggests that CS is associated with a reduced risk of IVH and its complications in preterm VLBW infants < 32 weeks of gestational age. A CS should be considered in this group of infants to prevent the development of IVH and its complications.
Key Points
The Negative Association Between NAFLD Severity and CKD in a
Non-Diabetic Gouty Population
Authors: Huang Yajing , Zhou Yue , Wang Yahao , Chi Jingwei , Lv Wenshan , Wang Yangang , Chen Ying 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAbstract Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic kidney disease
(CKD) share common pathogenic mechanisms and risk factors. We aim to evaluate
the association between NAFLD and CKD in a non-diabetic gouty population. The
retrospective cross sectional study was performed on 1049 non-diabetic gouty
participants, who were hospitalized between 2014 and 2020, across 4 districts in
Shandong, China. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study
population were collected. The odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95%
confidence intervals (CI) about the NAFLD severity determined by ultrasonography
were obtained by multiple logistic regression analysis. An unexpectedly inverse
relationship was found between NAFLD severity and the risk of CKD in people with
gout. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that a higher
degree of NAFLD severity is independently associated with a lower risk of CKD in
people with gout, after adjusted for age, sex, smoking, gout duration, and
metabolic risk factors including obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia,
hyperuricemia, and dyslipidemia, with OR 0.392 (95% CI
0.248–0.619, p<0.001), 0.379 (95% CI
0.233–0.616, p<0.001) and 0.148 (95% CI
0.043–0.512, p=0.003) in participants with mild, moderate, and
severe NAFLD, respectively, compared to those without NAFLD. We also observed a
weakened association of serum uric acid (SUA) with metabolic risk factors and
NAFLD under circumstances of CKD in people with gout (r=–0.054,
p=0.466). In conclusion, the presence and severity of NAFLD were
negatively associated with the risk of CKD in the non-diabetic gouty
population.
Catalyst Engineering through Heterobidentate (N–X-Type) Ligand Design for Iridium-Catalyzed Borylation
Authors: Chattopadhyay Buddhadeb , Hoque Md Emdadul , Hassan Mirja Md Mahamudul , Haldar Chabush , Dey Sayan , Guria Saikat , Chaturvedi Jagriti 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIridium-catalyzed C–H activation and borylation reactions operate under mild conditions that enable easy and atom-economical installation of the versatile boronate ester group in (het)arenes and alkanes. The standard catalytic system for iridium-catalyzed borylation uses [Ir(cod)(OMe)]2 as a precatalyst, a bipyridine type ligand, and B2pin2 or HBpin as the borylating agent. Initially, a bipyridine-ligated trisboryl–iridium complex is generated that enables the borylation reaction and the regioselectivity is mainly governed by the sterics of substituents present on the ring. As a result, monosubstituted and 1,2-disubstituted arenes give mixtures of isomers. Significant efforts by several research groups have overcome the selectivity issue for directed proximal C–H borylation by introducing a directing group and newly developed ligands. This short review aims to summarize recent elegant discoveries in directed C(sp2)–H and C(sp3)–H borylation by using heterobidentate ligand (P/N–Si, N–B, and N–C) coordinated iridium catalysts.1	Introduction2	Iridium-Catalyzed Directed C–H Borylation of C(sp2)–H Bonds3	Iridium-Catalyzed Directed C–H Borylation of C(sp3)–H Bonds4	Conclusions
Virtual Returns: Colonial postcards online and digital ‘nostalgérie’ among the former European settlers of Algeria
Authors: Ivey Beatrice 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article analyses how certain former European settlers of Algeria (pieds-noirs) have created a digital space of remembrance online using scans of colonial-era postcards. Tracing the role of colonial-era postcards inpied-noirmemory narratives, from the phototexts of the 1980s to websites from the mid-2000s onwards, I suggest these digital sites of memory attempt to maintain a connection to an imagined Algerian homeland during the so-called ‘memory wars’. By collecting, scanning, and reproducing postcards and photographs of colonial landscapes,pieds-noirswebsites aim to reconstruct a lost topography of houses, shops, streets, and towns that have been renamed and rebuilt since independence. These ‘virtual returns’ to Algerian urban topographies rely predominantly on affective responses to ‘nostalgérie’ or nostalgia for Algeria. However, in relying on colonial-era postcards they ultimately recreate the ‘visual economy’ (Welch and McGonagle) of French Algeria in the early 20th century. I argue that, despite the radical ‘connectivity’ presented by the internet, these websites remain primarily focused on creating a homogenous collective memory for an imagined audience ofpieds-noirsonline. Nonetheless, I conclude by suggesting that this online model of colonial nostalgiahaspermeated, in limited but influential ways, how other groups interpret visual ‘nostalgérie’.
Physical constraints on thermoregulation and flight drive morphological evolution in bats
Authors: Rubalcaba Juan G. , Gouveia Sidney F. , Villalobos Fabricio , Cruz-Neto Ariovaldo P. , Castro Mario G. , Amado Talita F. , Martinez Pablo A. , Navas Carlos A. , Dobrovolski Ricardo , Diniz-Filho José Alexandre Felizola , Olalla-Tárraga Miguel Á. 
Published: April 2022

SignificanceEnergetic constraints of flight and thermoregulation have long been thought to explain why most bat species are small and live predominantly in warm latitudes. We use physical models to investigate how body size, wing shape, and climate modulate these energetic constraints. Our model predicts that thermoregulatory and flight costs, respectively, impose upper and lower bounds on the wing surface-to-mass ratio, giving rise to an optimum shape, and that variations around this optimum are more constrained in cold regions. A comparative analysis across bat species supports the model’s predictions, suggesting that body shape evolves toward an optimum with stronger selective pressures in cold regions. The model and data together suggest that thermoregulatory and locomotory constraints modulate the evolution of bats’ morphology.
Long-term monitoring reveals widespread and severe declines of understory birds in a protected Neotropical forest
Authors: Pollock Henry S. , Toms Judith D. , Tarwater Corey E. , Benson Thomas J. , Karr James R. , Brawn Jeffrey D. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
We leveraged a 44-y population study of Neotropical understory birds from a protected forest reserve in central Panama to document widespread and severe declines in bird abundance. Our findings provide evidence that tropical bird populations may be undergoing systematic declines, even in relatively intact forests. The implications of these findings are that biodiversity baselines may be shifting over time, and large tracts of tropical forest may not be sufficient for maintaining stable bird populations. Our study highlights the importance of long-term monitoring for detecting cryptic losses in biodiversity and motivates the need for future work drilling down to the underlying mechanisms to understand and mitigate future declines.
Single cell enhancer activity distinguishes GABAergic and cholinergic lineages in embryonic mouse basal ganglia
Authors: Su-Feher Linda , Rubin Anna N. , Silberberg Shanni N. , Catta-Preta Rinaldo , Lim Kenneth J. , Ypsilanti Athena R. , Zdilar Iva , McGinnis Christopher S. , McKinsey Gabriel L. , Rubino Thomas E. , Hawrylycz Michael J. , Thompson Carol , Gartner Zev J. , Puelles Luis , Zeng Hongkui , Rubenstein John L. R. , Nord Alex S. 
Published: April 2022

SignificanceDuring brain development, neurons are generated by spatially and temporally distinct processes that remain to be fully characterized. The ganglionic eminences (GEs) in the embryonic subpallium give rise to GABAergic and cholinergic neuron lineages that form the basal ganglia or migrate to the cerebral cortex. Beyond a limited set of canonical RNA markers, the transcriptional states of GE progenitors and immature neurons cells remain poorly defined. We combine enhancer labeling, single-cell transcriptomics using transcription factor-anchored clustering, and integration with in situ hybridization data to distinguish emerging neuronal populations in embryonic mouse basal ganglia. Our results demonstrate the specificity of enhancer-based labeling at single-cell resolution and reveal developmental origins and specification processes of critical neuronal lineages.
Computational mechanisms for context-based behavioral interventions: A large-scale analysis
Authors: Zhao Wenjia Joyce , Coady Aoife , Bhatia Sudeep 
Published: April 2022

SignificanceA large body of research in the social and behavioral sciences studies the impact of behavioral interventions (or “nudges”) on decisions. Although this work has been extremely influential, we currently lack an overarching theoretical framework for behavioral interventions that provides a systematic account of their behavioral consequences, cognitive and neurobiological mechanisms, and statistical interpretations. In this paper, we propose such a theoretical framework using the diffusion decision model, a quantitative theory of decision-making whose parameters offer a theoretically compelling characterization of choice underpinnings. Our results not only reveal insights about how context-based interventions alter behavior but also offer practitioners a model-based method for choosing between behavioral interventions based on different goals.
Helical self-assembly of a mucin segment suggests an evolutionary origin for von Willebrand factor tubules
Authors: Javitt Gabriel , Fass Deborah 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Extracellular proteins with mechanical functions often require specialized assembly processes to form covalent oligomers. Progress in tissue bioengineering and repair will benefit from an understanding of how to harness and manipulate these processes. Here, we show that a particular supramolecular assembly mode was pre-encoded in the ancient domain organization common to gel-forming mucins and von Willebrand factor, glycoproteins that are deceptively different due to their divergence for distinct mechanical tasks. This finding highlights symmetry principles and building blocks retooled in nature to construct polymers with wide-ranging properties. These building blocks and knowledge of their self-assembly can be used to design new polymeric structures.
Social experiences switch states of memory engrams through regulating hippocampal Rac1 activity
Authors: Lei Bo , Lv Li , Hu Shiqiang , Tang Yikai , Zhong Yi 
Published: April 2022

Significance
It is well known that silent memory engrams in pathological or artificial conditions can be artificially switched into the latent state for retrieval by natural recall cues. Thus, physiological strategies that depend on the underlying molecular mechanisms for switching between silent state and latent state are a subject for investigation. Here, we show that social experiences stimulated switching between latent and silent engrams to achieve flexible memory accessibility and also reveal the basic molecular mechanism of: 1) social reward turning silent engram to latent via suppression of Rac1 activity in CA1 neurons of the hippocampus; and 2) social stress switching latent memory engram into silent through activating Rac1. Together, this work demonstrates emotion-driven bidirectional switching between latent and silent engrams.
Infrastructure inequality is a characteristic of urbanization
Authors: Pandey Bhartendu , Brelsford Christa , Seto Karen C. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
We find that urban infrastructure inequalities are a characteristic feature of urbanization, with multiscale patterns that highlight greater inequalities at regional than at local intracity scales. Results show that the level of urban infrastructure inequality has a significant bearing on urbanization characteristics. Owing to infrastructure inequalities, urbanization as a pathway to sustainable development faces fundamental constraints. Our study raises intriguing questions about the urban infrastructure inequality implications of future urbanization and the spatial scales at which we ought to understand and address these inequalities.
Wolbachia
depletion blocks transmission of lymphatic filariasis by preventing chitinase-dependent parasite exsheathment
Authors: Quek Shannon , Cook Darren A. N. , Wu Yang , Marriott Amy E. , Steven Andrew , Johnston Kelly L. , Ford Louise , Archer John , Hemingway Janet , Ward Stephen A. , Wagstaff Simon C. , Turner Joseph D. , Taylor Mark J. 
Published: April 2022

Significance

Lymphatic filariasis caused by
Wuchereria bancrofti
,
Brugia malayi
, and
Brugia timori
affects 51 million people, leading to severe physical and mental disabilities. A mutualistic symbiosis between these filarial nematodes and
Wolbachia
bacteria has been exploited as a new curative treatment. Epidemiological modeling of anti-
Wolbachia
treatment assumes that transmission persists due to the lag phase before microfilariae (mf) become removed from circulation. Here, we show that
Wolbachia
-depleted mf cannot develop within the mosquito vector—a phenotype associated with down-regulation of
B. malayi
mf-specific chitinase, an enzyme essential for exsheathment. Our findings add to the broad range of host biological processes dependent on
Wolbachia
and suggest that anti-
Wolbachia
treatment mediates a more accelerated impact on elimination of lymphatic filariasis than currently predicted.
A touch-based multimodal and cryptographic bio-human–machine interface
Authors: Lin Shuyu , Zhu Jialun , Yu Wenzhuo , Wang Bo , Sabet Kiarash A. , Zhao Yichao , Cheng Xuanbing , Hojaiji Hannaneh , Lin Haisong , Tan Jiawei , Milla Carlos , Davis Ronald W. , Emaminejad Sam 
Published: April 2022

SignificanceThe awareness of the individuals’ biological status is critical for creating interactive environments. Accordingly, we devised a multimodal cryptographic bio-human–machine interface (CB-HMI), which seamlessly translates touch-based entries into encrypted biochemical, biophysical, and biometric indices (i.e., circulating biomarkers levels, heart rate, oxygen saturation level, and fingerprint pattern). As its central component, the CB-HMI features thin hydrogel-coated chemical sensors and a signal interpretation framework to access/interpret biochemical indices, bypassing the challenge of circulating analyte accessibility and the confounding effect of pressing force variability. Upgrading the surrounding objects with CB-HMI, we demonstrated new interactive solutions for driving safety and medication use, where the integrated CB-HMI uniquely enabled one-touch bioauthentication (based on the user’s biological state/identity), prior to rendering the intended services.
Towards a sociology of consuming translated fiction
Authors: Tekgül-Akın Duygu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article aims to explore British readers’ aesthetic responses to fiction in translation, based on ethnographic data from reading groups around the UK. Examining excerpts from book club meetings on Haruki Murakami’sAfter Dark(trans. Jay Rubin), Ivan Turgenev’sFathers and Sons(trans. Richard Freeborn) and José Eduardo Agualusa’sRainy Season(trans. Daniel Hahn), the study investigates judgements regarding the visibility of translation in particular. A case is made for “consuming” translated literature. With an analytical perspective derived from the sociology of art, the paper focuses on the various dimensions of reading such as pleasure, status and textual-linguistic (in)tolerance. The analysis of excerpts reveals that readers derive pleasure from texts that have undergone interlingual transfer as long as they recognize the artistry involved in the translation profession, where such recognition is culture-bound.
Estimating one’s own environmental impact: others, acceptability and offsetting (Estimando el propio impacto ambiental: los demás, lo aceptable y lo compensable)
Authors: Pasca Laura 
Published: April 2022

Despite people’s concern for the environment, there are psychological barriers that make it difficult to adopt a pro-environmental lifestyle, including difficulties in estimating the environmental impact of behaviours. In a first study ( n = 374), we see that, when estimating the environmental impact of our own behaviours, we believe that pro-environmental actions can offset the environmental impact of those that are harmful to the environment. In addition, we believe that others have a greater impact. A second study ( n = 497) finds that people who believe they have a lower impact on the environment than others and less than should be deemed acceptable display less intent to behave pro-environmentally. These findings highlight the difficulty people face in knowing the environmental consequences of their own behaviour, as well as the importance of perceptions regarding others’ behaviours in explaining the intent to behave pro-environmentally.
Applications of the close-limit approximation: horizonless compact objects and scalar fields
Authors: Annulli Lorenzo , Cardoso Vitor , Gualtieri Leonardo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The ability to model the evolution of compact binaries from the inspiral to coalescence is central to gravitational wave astronomy. Current waveform catalogues are built from vacuum binary black hole models, by evolving Einstein equations numerically and complementing them with knowledge from slow-motion expansions. Much less is known about the coalescence process in the presence of matter, or in theories other than general relativity. Here, we explore the close limit approximation as a powerful tool to understand the coalescence process in general setups. In particular, we study the head-on collision of two equal-mass, compact but horizonless objects. Our results show the appearance of ‘echoes’ and indicate that a significant fraction of the merger energy goes into these late-time repetitions. We also apply the close limit approximation to investigate the effect of colliding black holes on surrounding scalar fields. Notably, our results indicate that observables obtained through perturbation theory may be extended to a significant segment of the merger phase, where in principle only a numerical approach is appropriate.