bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Interplay between Meningeal Lymphatic Vessels and
Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Chen Junmei , Pan Yaru , Liu Qihua , Li Guangyao , Chen Gongcan , Li Weirong , Zhao Wei , Wang Qi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
Meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) are essential for the drainage of cerebrospinal fluid,
macromolecules, and immune cells in the central nervous system. They play critical roles in modulating
neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. Dysfunctional MLVs have been demonstrated
to increase neuroinflammation by horizontally blocking the drainage of neurotoxic proteins to the peripheral
lymph nodes. Conversely, MLVs protect against neuroinflammation by preventing immune
cells from becoming fully encephalitogenic. Furthermore, evidence suggests that neuroinflammation
affects the structure and function of MLVs, causing vascular anomalies and angiogenesis. Although
this field is still in its infancy, the strong link between MLVs and neuroinflammation has emerged as a
potential target for slowing the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. This review provides a
brief history of the discovery of MLVs, introduces in vivo and in vitro MLV models, highlights the
molecular mechanisms through which MLVs contribute to and protect against neuroinflammation, and
discusses the potential impact of neuroinflammation on MLVs, focusing on recent progress in neurodegenerative
diseases.
Cervical Cytology and Herpes Simplex Virus Type-2 Serology Among
Human Immune Deficiency Virus Infected Women on Highly Active
Antiretroviral Therapy in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Osinachi Ogu Cornelius , Uwadiegwu Achukwu Peter , Onubiwe Nkwo Peter , Ifeoma-Ossy Ogu Rita , Steven Onwukwe Okechukwu , Chinonye Azubuike Nkiruka , Obianuju Onyemelukwe Anulika , Maryjoy Ifeorah Ijeoma , Uzoamaka Maduakor Charity 
Published: November 2022

Background:
The prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Herpes
Simplex Virus type-2 (HSV-2) infections are high and the programme for Cervical Cancer Screening
is weak in Nigeria.

Objectives:
Prevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Type-2 co-infection and cervical cytology among
HSV-2 co-infected Human Immunodeficiency Virus Sero-positive (HIV+) women on Highly Active
Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) attending Human Immunodeficiency Virus clinic at University of
Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Ituku/Ozalla Enugu, Nigeria.

Methods:
A cross-sectional, hospital-based study. Active participants included 105 HIV seropositive
women on HAART and104 HIV seronegative (HIV-) women who passed inclusion criteria and
signed written informed consent. Each participant was coded with a specific number. A structured
questionnaire was used to obtain the socio-demographic and medical history. Serum was obtained
for HSV-2 serology test for all participants and HIV screening for HIV-negative participants. Cervical
smears were collected for Papanicolaou stains and Immunocytochemistry using anti-P16INKa
antibody.

Result:
Prevalence of HSV-2+ was 50.5% among HIV+ women on HAART and 16.3% among
HIV- women, Odds Ratios [95% CI]; p-value was 5.21 [2.74-9.94]; p < 0.0001. HIV+ women on
HAART co-infected with HSV-2 significantly had more Cervical Lesions, 11.4% compared to HIVwomen
uninfected with HSV-2, 4.8%, OR [95% CI]; p-value 4.8 (1.58-14.54); p = 0.006.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of HSV-2 was significantly high among HIV+ women on HAART.
HSV-2+ co-infection could be an enhancer of Cervical Lesions among HIV+ women on HAART.
Hence, anti-herpetic agent introduction and screening for HSV-2 among HIV+ patients are recommended.
Role of Activator Protein-1 Transcription Factor in Oral Cancer
Authors: Srushti S.C. , Kumar M.N. , Hegde S. , Biradar S. , Shreedevi S.J. , Prashanth S.J. , Babu R.L. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:Cancer is a multi-step process involving alterations in epigenetic and genetic processes. Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a frequent oral malignancy that originates from the transformation of normal cells into malignant cells as a consequence of failures in a series of normal molecular and cellular processes. The mechanism of human carcinogenesis is often seen as a double-edged sword, with the body's system being thought to counteract the detrimental consequences of neoplastic cell proliferation while simultaneously promoting tumor development. Various transcription factors play a significant part in cancer regulation, with the activator protein-1 family of transcription factors (TFs) being the most prominent regulatory protein family. The Jun, Fos, ATF, and MAF protein families are all present in the AP-1 dimeric complex. While certain AP-1 proteins, including JunB and c-Fos, are known to be majorly oncogenic in function, experimental studies have shown that other AP-1 proteins, such as JunB and c-Fos, also play a critical role in tumor suppression. The aim of this review is to offer breakthrough information on the role of molecular mechanisms mediated by AP-1 TFs in tumor development and its environment.
The Hypermetabolic Response to Burns and its Treatment: A Literature
Review
Authors: Houschyar Madeline , Borrelli Mimi R. , Tapking Christian , Puladi Behrus , Ooms Mark , Maan Zeshaan N. , Sheckter Clifford C. , Rein Susanne , Reumuth Georg , Weissenberg Kristian , Weil Constantin , Duscher Dominik , Pförringer Dominik , Siemers Frank , Behr Björn , Lehnhardt Marcus , Houschyar Khosrow S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
Major burn injuries provoke a profound stress response marked by extreme hypermetabolism
and impaired immune function. The physiological alterations to glucose, protein and
lipid metabolism can be detected even years after the inciting burns injury and when untreated
can lead to profound wasting, fatty liver, and even death. Therapeutic strategies which target these
physiological disturbances are of paramount importance. Treating burn injuries begins with
active cooling, to minimize loss of heat and water, and nutrition, to counteract the extensive catabolism.
Providers should follow the strict guidelines published to ensure caloric requirements
are met in adult and pediatric patients, with supplementation as indicated. Several pharmacotherapies
have proven beneficial in helping to counteract and reverse these physiological changes by
lowering insulin resistance, slowing catabolism, and minimizing loss of lean body mass. The
most promising drugs include anabolic agents such as insulin, recombinant human growth hormone
(rhGH), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), metformin, beta-blockers, oxandrolone, and
fenofibrate. Surgery is a necessary adjunct, either in the acute phase to debride compromised soft
tissue and prevent compartment syndromes, but also in the chronic setting to release contractures
and fibrotic strictures which may impair function. This narrative literature review provides a
synopsis of our understanding of the hypermetabolic response to burn injury and discusses the
different treatment options aiming to control postburn hypermetabolism and ultimately improve
patient outcomes.
Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) Elastography in Evaluation of
Supraspinatus Tendinopathy
Authors: Serifoglu Ismail , Guneyli Serkan , Ilker OZ Ibrahim , Tosun Alptekin 
Published: November 2022

Background:
The most common etiology of shoulder pain in adults is rotator cuff tear.
Elastography is an imaging method that can report the strain and elastic modulus of the biological tissue.
We think acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography can effectively assess rotator cuff
tendinopathy.

Purpose:
This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of ARFI elastography in evaluating supraspinatus
tendinopathy.

Materials and Methods:
We included 44 patients (22 men, 22 women, median age, 47 years; range,
20-69 years) with unilateral supraspinatus tendinopathy diagnosed with magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) in this prospective study. The normal tendons and tendinopathies, including supraspinatus tendinosis,
partial-thickness, and full-thickness supraspinatus tears, were evaluated with ultrasound and
ARFI elastography. The ARFI elastography values were compared between healthy and tendinopathy
groups, and the gender was compared between elastography values of the normal tendons and tendinopathies
using the Mann-Whitney U test.

Results:
The values of ARFI elastography correlated with tendinopathy. (P = 0.001). The gender differed
between the elastography values of the normal tendons (P = 0.002) and tendinopathies (P =
0.001).

Conclusion:
ARFI elastography is a non-invasive and feasible method for quantitatively assessing
supraspinatus tendinopathy. It can be an alternative method to MRI in diagnosing supraspinatus tendinopathy.
Perspective on Aggregation-induced Emission (AIE) Materials for Pathogen
Detection
Authors: Zhou Chengcheng , Guan Weijiang , Zhu Yaping 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
The rapid and accurate identification of pathogens plays a crucial role in clinical practice,
which helps to prevent, control, and treat pathogenic infections at the initial stage. The current available
technologies for pathogen detection appear to be inadequate in dealing with cases such as COVID-19.
More importantly, the frequent emergence of drug-resistant bacteria is gradually rendering the existing
therapeutic options ineffective. Efforts are urgently required to focus on the development of diagnostic
systems for point-of-care (POC) detection and high-throughput pathogen identification. Since 2001, a
new class of aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) with good photostability, high sensitivity,
and improved signal-to-noise ratio has emerged as powerful fluorescent tools for various biosensing
and cell imaging. Based on the unique fluorescence of AIEgens that becomes stronger upon aggregation,
naked-eye detection in turn-on mode has gained a speedy development. A timely overview can not only
provide a summary of the advances and challenges of AIEgens in pathogen detection but also offer systematic
ideas for future developments. There are also expectations for in-depth interdisciplinary research
in the field of analytical chemistry and microbiology.
Trailing TRAIL Resistance in Human Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells with Trichostatin
A and Zebularine
Authors: Ngai Siew Ching , Wong Sonia How Ming , Fang Chee-Mun , Loh Hwei-San 
Published: November 2022

Aims:
The aim of this study was to sensitize the resistant breast adenocarcinoma cells towards Tumour Necrosis Factor-related Apoptosis-inducing Ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis.

Background:
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease involving complex mechanisms. TRAIL is a potential anti-cancer candidate for targeted treatment due to its selective killing effects on neoplastic cells. Nonetheless, resistance occurs in many cancers either intrinsically or after multiple treatments.

objective:
Therefore, this research investigated whether the combination of Trichostatin A (TSA) and Zebularine (Zeb) (TZ) followed by TRAIL (TZT) could sensitize the human breast adenocarcinoma cells towards apoptosis.

Objective:
Therefore, this research investigated whether the combination of Trichostatin A (TSA) and Zebularine (Zeb) (TZ) followed by TRAIL (TZT) could sensitize the human breast adenocarcinoma cells towards apoptosis.

Methods:
The breast adenocarcinoma cells, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and E-MDA-MB-231 (E-cadherin re-expressed MDA-MB-231) were treated with TSA, Zeb, TZ, TRAIL and TZT. The cells were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining and FITC-Annexin V/Propidium Iodide apoptosis detection prior to proteome profiling.

Results:
Based on morphological observation, apoptosis was induced in all cells treated with all treatment regimens though it was more evident for the TZT-treated cells. In the apoptosis detection analysis, TZ increased early apoptosis significantly in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 while TRAIL induced late apoptosis significantly in E-MDA-MB-231. Based on the proteome profiling on MDA-MB-231, TRAIL R2 and Fas expression was increased. For E-MDA-MB-231, down-regulation of catalase, paraoxonase-2 (PON2), clusterin, an inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) and cell stress proteins validated the notion that E-cadherin re-expression enhances TZT anti-cancer efficacy. Similar trend was observed in MCF-7 whereby TZT treatment down-regulated the anti-apoptotic catalase and PON2, increased the pro-apoptotic, B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated agonist of cell death (Bad) and Bcl-2-associated X (Bax), second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (SMAC) and HtrA serine peptidase 2 (HTRA2) as well as TRAIL receptors (TRAIL R1 and TRAIL R2).

Conclusion:
TZ treatment serves as an efficient treatment regimen for MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, while TRAIL serves as a better treatment option for E-MDA-MB-231.

other:
Therefore, future studies on E-cadherin’s positive regulatory role in TRAIL-induced apoptosis are definitely warranted.

Other:
Therefore, future studies on E-cadherin’s positive regulatory role in TRAIL-induced apoptosis are warranted.
Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Metformin: AME-MET
Study - A Multicentric Real-world Study in Italy
Authors: Elena Castellano , Borretta Giorgio , Attanasio Roberto , Alberto Boriano , Agrimi Daniela , Argese Nicola , Crescenti Cassandra , Disoteo Olga , Fusco Alessandra , Gabellieri Enrico , Guglielmi Rinaldo , Lisco Giuseppe , Lo Pomo Feliciano , Nizzoli Maurizio , Panico Annalisa , Pirali Barbara , Salcuni Antonio Stefano , Turchi Federica , Grimaldi Franco 
Published: November 2022

Aims:
Metformin is the most widely used drug for the first-line treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but its use and schedule have been poorly investigated in elderly patients.

Methods:
We conducted an observational, cross-sectional, multicentric study on metformin in T2DM outpatients older than 65 years who were taking the drug for at least 6 months and referred to Italian Endocrinology and Diabetology Services. The primary endpoint was daily metformin dose, and secondary endpoints were the correlations between metformin dose and age, comorbidities, and concomitant use of other drugs. The study was open to all members of AME (Associazione Medici Endocrinologi).

Results:
Fifteen Italian centers recruited 751 consecutive participants (42.9% older than 75 years,
48.6% females). T2DM duration was 12.9 ± 9.7 years (longer than 10 years in 53.8%). Metformin had
been used for 10.3 ± 6.8 years (longer than 10 years in 52.4%). Metformin dose was 1.6 ± 0.9 g/day
(>1.5 g/day in 63.4%). As compared to the youngest, participants older than 75 years did not differ for
metformin daily dose or number of administrations. Metformin dose was significantly directly correlated
to eGFR, diabetes duration, and metformin treatment duration.

Conclusion:
In this real-world study, the minimum daily effective dose of metformin was prescribed in more than half of older T2DM outpatients.
Investigating Physical Properties and Formation Mechanism of Biosynthesized
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles using Dill (Anethum graveolens) Leaf
Extract
Authors: Barzinjy Azeez Abdulla , Hamadamen Venus Nazim 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Nanotechnology is a novel and developing arena of science. The building block
of nanotechnology is nanoparticles (NPs); their size is less than 100 nm. The NPs are synthesized using
two dissimilar approaches, namely top-down and bottom-up approaches. The leading methods for producing
NPs are chemical and physical methods and are frequently expensive and hypothetically dangerous to
both the surroundings and the user.

Objective:
Consequently, the researchers intended to synthesize NPs using biological ingredients such as
plant extracts, bacteria, fungi, algae and yeasts. Nevertheless, the available phytochemicals in plant extracts,
compared with other microorganisms, own an extremely extraordinary capacity for metal ions reduction
within a short period, which requires a lengthier cultivation time.

Methods:
In this study zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs have been produced utilizing Dill (anethum graveolens) leaf
extract. This process is an easy, one-pot, inexpensive and green process, i.e. isolated from utilizing toxic
materials.

Results:
Various characterization techniques have been utilized to inspect the structure, size, morphology,
chemical composition and optical properties of the ZnO NPs. Additionally, the mechanism of formation
of ZnO NPs from Dill (anethum graveolens) leaf extract has been explained intensively.

Conclusion:
This investigation revealed that Dill (anethum graveolens) leaf extract is a suitable environment
for producing nanosize ~27 nm, spherical, monodisperse, wide band gap ~ 3.56 eV, highly crystalline
and 1:1 Zn to O ratio ZnO NPs.
Análisis panbiogeográfico de las especies de Heterolinus y Homalolinus (Coleoptera: Staphilinidae: Xantholini)
Authors: Márquez Juan , Morrone Juan J. 
Published: November 2022

Se llevó a cabo un análisis panbiogeográfico de la distribución de las especies de Heterolinus Sharp y Homalolinus Sharp con el fin de contribuir al estudio de las relaciones biogeográficas de Mesoamérica. Las tres especies de Heterolinus se distribuyen principalmente en el noroeste de América del Sur, solo H. basiniger Márquez se ha registrado además en Costa Rica. Las especies de Homalolinus se distribuyen en México, América Central, y solo tres se registran para América del Sur, una de ellas endémica de Ecuador. México es el país con el mayor número de especies de Homalolinus (16), seguido por Costa Rica (12), Guatemala (8) y Panamá (7). Mediante el análisis de trazos, se obtuvieron seis trazos generalizados: Eje Volcánico Transmexicano, Sierra Madre Oriental, Sierra Madre del Sur, Mesoamericano septentrional, Mesoamericano meridional y Sudamericano del noroeste. Se identificó un nodo en la confluencia de los cuatro primeros trazos generalizados en el área de la Sierra de Juárez, Oaxaca. Las barreras propuestas por Halffter (1987), como el Istmo de Tehuantepec, las tierras bajas de Nicaragua y el Istmo de Panamá, se identificaron como posibles eventos de vicarianza. La distribución de los taxones estudiados apoya la propuesta de trazos generalizados de Morrone y Márquez (2001).
Patient and Therapist Expectations for a Blended Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program for Depression: Qualitative Exploratory Study
Authors: Atik Ece , Schückes Magnus , Apolinário-Hagen Jennifer 
Published: November 2022

Background
Blended cognitive behavioral therapy (bCBT)—the combination of digital elements and face-to-face psychotherapy—has been proposed to alleviate challenges that patients and therapists face in conventional cognitive behavioral therapy. There is growing evidence that adding digital elements to face-to-face psychotherapy can contribute to better treatment outcomes. However, bCBT programs still show considerable shortcomings, and knowledge on how to improve digital apps using a bCBT protocol is limited.

Objective
This study aimed to inductively identify functions and qualities that are expected from a bCBT treatment for depression in the eyes of patients and psychotherapists who were not currently receiving or practicing bCBT treatment.

Methods
We used a qualitative exploratory study design and conducted 3 focus group interviews (n=6 in each) and 5 semistructured in-depth interviews with therapists as well as 11 individual interviews with patients with a primary diagnosis of depression and currently undergoing cognitive behavioral therapy treatment in Germany. Themes and categories were established inductively from transcribed interview records based on a rigorous coding method.

Results
Both therapists and patients expected a digital app to provide patients with the opportunity to track their mood, work on therapeutic homework activities, easily access an intervention set for harder moments, and efficiently facilitate administrative tasks. The desire to be able to customize bCBT protocols to individual patient circumstances was evident in both patient and therapist interviews. Patients differed with respect to what content and the amount of material the app should focus on as well as the method of recording experiences. Therapists viewed digital apps as potentially aiding in their documentation work outside of sessions. Different attitudes surfaced on the topic of data security, with patients not as concerned as therapists.

Conclusions
Both patients and therapists had substantially positive attitudes toward the option of an integrated bCBT treatment. Our study presents novel findings on the expectations and attitudes of patients and therapists.
Factors Associated With the Acceptance of an eHealth App for Electronic Health Record Sharing System: Population-Based Study
Authors: Huang Junjie , Pang Wing Sze , Wong Yuet Yan , Mak Fung Yu , Chan Florence S W , Cheung Clement  S K , Wong Wing Nam , Cheung Ngai Tseung , Wong Martin C S 
Published: November 2022

Background
In the second stage of the Electronic Health Record Sharing System (eHRSS) development, a mobile app (eHealth app) was launched to further enhance collaborative care among the public sector, the private sector, the community, and the caregivers.

Objective
This study aims to investigate the factors associated with the downloading and utilization of the app, as well as the awareness, perception, and future improvement of the app.

Methods
We collected 2110 surveys; respondents were stratified into 3 groups according to their status of enrollment in the eHRSS. The primary outcome measure was the downloading and acceptance of the eHealth app. We collected the data on social economics factors, variables of the Technology Acceptance Model and Theory of Planned Behavior. Any factors identified as significant in the univariate analysis (P<.20) will be included in a subsequent multivariable regression analysis model. All P values ≤.05 will be considered statistically significant in multiple logistic regression analysis. The structural equation modeling was performed to identify interactions among the variables.

Results
The respondents had an overall high satisfaction rate and a positive attitude toward continuing to adopt and recommend the app. However, the satisfaction rate among respondents who have downloaded but not adopted the app was relatively lower, and few of them perceived that the downloading and acceptance processes are difficult. A high proportion of current users expressed a positive attitude about continuing to adopt and recommend the app to friends, colleagues, and family members. The behavioral intention strongly predicted the acceptance of the eHealth app (β=.89; P<.001). Attitude (β=.30; P<.001) and perceived norm; β=.37; P<.001) played important roles in determining behavioral intention, which could predict the downloading and acceptance of the eHealth app (β=.14; P<.001).

Conclusions
Despite the high satisfaction rate among the respondents, privacy concerns and perceived difficulties in adopting the app were the major challenges of promoting eHealth. Further promotion could be made through doctors and publicity. For future improvement, comprehensive health records and tailored health information should be included.