bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current Utilization of Interosseous Access in Pediatrics: A Population-Based Analysis using an EHR database, TriNetX
Authors: Hoskins Meloria , Sefick Samantha , Zurca Adrian D. , Walter Vonn , Thomas Neal J. , Krawiec Conrad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Interosseous (IO) usage in the pediatric population has been mostly studied in the setting of cardiac arrest. Population-based studies identifying the indications and complications associated with age, however, are sparse. Results: This was a retrospective observational cohort study utilizing the TriNetX ® electronic health record data. Thirty-seven hospitals were included in the data set with 1012 patients where an IO procedure code was reported in the emergency department or inpatient setting. The cohort was split into two groups, pediatric subjects < 1 year of age and those ≥ 1 year of age. A total incidence of IO line placement of 18 per 100,000 pediatric encounters was reported. Total mortality was 31.8%, with a higher rate of mortality seen in subjects < 1 year of age (39.2% vs 29.0%; p = 0.0028). A diagnosis of cardiac arrest was more frequent in subjects < 1 year of age (51.5% vs 38.0%; p = 0.002), and a diagnosis of convulsions was more frequent in those ≥ 1 of age (28.0% vs 13.8%; p <0.01). Overall, 29 (2.9%) subjects had at least one complication. Conclusions: More IOs were placed in subjects ≥ 1 year of age, and a higher rate of mortality was seen in subjects < 1 year of age. Lower frequencies of non-cardiac diagnoses at the time of IO placement were found in both groups, highlighting IO may be underutilized in non-cardiac settings such as convulsions, shock, and respiratory failure. Given the low rate of complications seen in both groups of our study, IO use should be considered early on for urgent vascular access, especially for children less than 1 year of age.
An external validation study of the Score for Emergency Risk Prediction (SERP), an interpretable machine learning-based triage score for the emergency department
Authors: Yu Jae Yong , Feng Xie , Liu Nan , Yoon Sun Young , Ong Marcus Eng Hock , Ng Yih Yng , Cha Won Chul 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Emergency departments (EDs) are experiencing complex demands. An ED triage tool, the Score for Emergency Risk Prediction (SERP), was previously developed using an interpretable machine learning framework. It achieved a good performance in the Singapore population. We aimed to externally validate the SERP in a Korean cohort for all ED patients and compare its performance with Korean triage acuity scale (KTAS). This retrospective cohort study included all adult ED patients of Samsung Medical Center from 2016 to 2020. The outcomes were 30-day and in-hospital mortality after the patients’ ED visit. We used the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) to assess the performance of the SERP and other conventional scores, including KTAS. The study population included 285,523 ED visits, of which 53,541 were after the COVID-19 outbreak (2020). The whole cohort, in-hospital, and 30 days mortality rates were 1.60%, and 3.80%. The SERP achieved an AUROC of 0.821 and 0.803, outperforming KTAS of 0.679 and 0.729 for in-hospital and 30-day mortality, respectively. SERP was superior to other scores for in-hospital and 30-day mortality prediction in an external validation cohort. SERP is a generic, intuitive, and effective triage tool to stratify general patients who present to the emergency department
Comparison of treatment with insulin Detemir and NPH in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: glycemic control and pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Kazakou Paraskevi , Paschou Stavroula , Mitropoulou Marina , Vasileiou Vasiliki , Sarantopoulou Vasiliki , Anastasiou Eleni 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose.
The objective of this retrospective study was to compare glycemic control, pregnancy outcome, as well as fetal/neonatal outcomes, between women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) treated with (a) insulin detemir and (b) insulin neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH).
Methods.
A total of 192 women with GDM were included. 98 women received detemir, while 94 women received NPH. Data regarding medical history, glycemic control, time and mode of delivery, as well as neonatal outcomes were recorded.
Results.
Baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups. There were no differences with respect to the week of insulin initiation, total insulin dose, duration of insulin therapy, daily insulin dose/weight in early and late pregnancy, as well as the number of insulin injections per day. Maternal overall weight gain during pregnancy, and weight gain per week did not differ either. The detemir group had slightly lower HbA1c level at the end of gestation [median: Det 5.2% (33 mmol/mol) vs NPH 5.4% (36 mmol/mol), p = 0.035). There were no hypoglycemias or allergic reactions in both groups. There were also no differences regarding neonatal outcomes
Conclusion.
The use of insulin detemir for glucose control was found to be equally effective and safe compared with NPH.
Use of a Bayesian network as a decision support tool for watershed management: A case study in a highly managed river-dominated estuary
Authors: Rumbold Darren G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Decision making in water resource management has many dimensions including water supply, flood protection, and meeting ecological needs; therefore, is complex, full of uncertainties, and often contentious due to competing needs and distrust among stakeholders. It benefits from robust tools for supporting the decision-making process and for communicating with stakeholders. This paper presents a Bayesian Network (BN) modeling framework for analyzing various management interventions regulating freshwater discharges to an estuary. This BN was constructed using empirical data from monitoring the Caloosahatchee River Estuary in south Florida from 2008–2021 as a case study to illustrate the potential advantages of the BN approach. Results from three different management scenarios and their implications on down-estuary conditions as they affected eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) and seagrass (Halodule wrightii) are presented and discussed. Finally, the directions for future applications of the BN modeling framework to support management in similar systems are offered.
Host species and environment shape the gut microbiota of cohabiting marine bivalves
Authors: Akter Shirin , Wos-Oxley Melissa L , Catalano Sarah R , Hassan Md Mahbubul , Li Xiaoxu , Qin Jian G , Oxley Andrew PA 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) are commercially important marine bivalves that frequently coexist and have overlapping feeding ecologies. Like other invertebrates, their gut microbiota is thought to play an important role in supporting their health and nutrition. Yet, little is known regarding the role of the host and environment in driving these communities. Here, bacterial assemblages were surveyed from seawater and gut aspirates of farmed C. gigas and co-occurring wild M. galloprovincialis in summer and winter using Illumina 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Unlike seawater, which was dominated by Proteobacteria, bivalve samples largely consisted of Tenericutes (Mollicutes), and accounted for >50% of the total OTU abundance. Despite large numbers of common (core) bacterial taxa, bivalve-specific species (OTUs) were also evident and predominantly associated with Mycoplasamataceae (notably Mycoplasma). An increase in diversity (though with varied taxonomic evenness) was observed in winter for both bivalves, and was associated with changes in the abundance of core and bivalve-specific taxa, including several representing host-associated and environmental (free-living or particle-diet associated) organisms. Our findings highlight the contribution of the environment and the host in defining the composition of the gut microbiota in cohabiting, intergeneric bivalve populations.
Neural field model simulation of changes in cortical slow-wave sleep events by sensory stimulation in plasticity-evolving NREM sleep
Authors: Torres Felipe A. , Orio Patricio , Escobar María-José 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Brain activity during sleep transits between discretely described stages according to different brain dynamics. In particular, the slow-wave sleep stage (N2 and N3) presents events of interest for the memory consolidation process, such as slow oscillations and sleep spindles. Evidence exists that adequate timing between a slow oscillation and a sleep spindles, together with the increase in number and power, correlates with the performance in memory consolidation tasks. Nevertheless, how the results depend on the ongoing sleep stage is unclear, considering that stimulation is typically applied only at the N3 stage. Then, the effects of stimuli application in sleep macro-architecture during the same night are not well understood. Using a mean-field model of the thalamocortical activity, including dynamics of sleep cycle, we test the effects of stimuli application on the occurrence of slow-wave events. We evaluated three stimulation conditions in different time windows transiting from the N2 to N3 sleep stage. In our findings, closed-loop stimulation elicits higher quantity of slow oscillations and sleep spindles for near N3 brain dynamic. Further, closed-loop stimulation increases the co-occurrence of slow oscillations and sleep spindles. Interestingly, stimuli application does not significantly impact the trajectory of sleep dynamics, concordant with the null effect in sleep macro-architecture reported from experimental results. Finally, we noted that the lack of refractory periods in intra-thalamic dynamics results in a high occurrence of sleep spindles with stimuli application, which is not observed in the experimental results.
WITHDRAWN: Development of extremely luminescent B, N-CQDs as a probe for the detection of antibiotics and phenol derivatives in aquatic applications
Authors: Mousa Mahmoud A. , Abdelrahman Hanaa H. , Fahmy Mamdouh A. , Ebrahim Dina G. , Moustafa Amira H.E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The resulting antibiotic residue and organic chemicals from the growing global population have a detrimental impact on environmental and human health protection. So, we created a unique B, N-CQDs (Boron, Nitrogen doping carbon quantum dots) based fluorescent nanosensor to investigate novel sensing methodologies for the precise and concentrated identification of antibiotics and phenol derivatives substances to ensure that they are included in the permitted percentages. The as-prepared highly fluorescent B, N -CQDs had a limited range of sizes between 1 and 6 nm and average sizes of 3.33 nm and 2.8 nm in our study. Penicillin and Erythromycin may be detected efficiently using the suggested fluorescence approach, with detection limits of 10 nm and 5 nm, respectively. The novel B, N-CQDs showed high sensitivity and selectivity for phenolic derivatives such as Hydroquinone, Resorcinol, and Para aminophenol, as well as organic solvents such as Hexane, with low detection limits of 0.05µM, 0.024µM, 0.032µM, and 0.013µM in an aqueous medium. The high fluorescence B, N-CQDs probe was examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV/VIS spectroscopy. The outcomes were compared to carbon quantum dots (CQDs) that had previously been made from Urea.
An Empirical Specification of Rational Inattention Multinomial Logit (RI- MNL) Model for Panel Datasets
Authors: Shakib Saeed , Habib Khandker Nurul 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Classical discrete choice models are based on Random Utility Maximization (RUM), which assumes that decision makers have complete information on all of the attributes of their choices. Nowadays, this assumption is becoming less relevant with the expansion of the internet and social media, which provide a universal platform that grants anyone access to an endless amount of information. As a result, decision-making environments are transforming into settings in which individuals can be overwhelmed with information sources competing for their attention, causing them to become less attentive to the alternatives in their choice set. In such cases, individuals find themselves in scenarios where they wish to maximize utility but are uncertain about the payoffs associated with each action. There have been recent theoretical advancements in the study of the behaviour of inattentive decision makers in discrete choice contexts with the introduction of the Rational Inattention Multinomial Logit (RI-MNL) model. This paper proposes a closed-form empirical specification in the case of panel choice datasets to supplement the theoretical foundation of the (RI-MNL) model. Following this proposal is a sample application of the proposed specification using data from a panel survey on residential location preferences for the Greater Toronto Area in 2020 and 2021. This paper illustrates how the findings of the empirical model can be interpreted in the context of rational inattention theory.
Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation as a rescue therapy after nasal continuous positive airway pressure failure in infants with respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: ISHIGAMI ANA , Meneses Jucile , Alves Joao , Carvalho Juliana , Cavalcanti Emidio , Bhandari Vineet 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Evaluate whether nasal intermittent positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV) as rescue therapy after initial nasal continuous positive airway (NCPAP) failure reduces need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Design: Retrospective cohort involving 156 preterm infants who failed initial NCPAP and were then submitted to NIPPV rescue therapy and classified into NIPPV success or failure, according to need for IMV. Result: Of all infants included, 85 (54.5%) were successfully rescued with NIPPV while 71 (45.5%) failed. The NIPPV success group had significantly lower rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, peri/intraventricular hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus and greater survival without morbidities (all p≤0.01). Infants who failed NIPPV had earlier initial NCPAP failure (p=0.09). In final logistic regression model, birthweight ≤1000 g and need for surfactant remained significant factors for NIPPV failure. Conclusion: NIPPV rescue therapy reduced the need for IMV in infants that failed NCPAP and was associated with better outcomes.
The clinical application of micro-catheter and micro-guidewire rail technique in transcatheter closure for children with very small patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: Huang Haojia , Lu Jinguo , Geng Wenlei , Hu Hai-bo , Pan Xiang-bin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
Percutaneous closure of the small Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) that a conventional 0.035″hydrophilic guide wire cannot pass through was challenging. A new technique of using a coronary guidewire with microcatheter assistance in the closure of the small PDA via AmplatzerDuctOccluderⅡ(ADOⅡ) was developed.
Methods
This is a single-center, retrospective study from April 2017 to December 2019, including 12 patients. A 0.014″ coronary guidewire (BMW, Abbott, tip load 0.7g) with the assistance of a 1.9F-2.4F catheter was advanced into the PDA. A 4F or 5F delivery system was chosen to deliver the ADOⅡdevice by either an antegrade (venous) or retrograde (arterial) approach with the support of a semi-rail or a full rail: a guidewire-established femoral arteriovenous loop.All patients completed a 6-month follow-up.
Results
Successful PDA closure via this technique in all patients was achieved (n = 15). The average diameter of the PDAs detected by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and aortic angiography were1.61 ± 0.53mm (1.00-2.50mm), 0.76 ± 0.83mm (0.50-0.80mm) respectively. No complications were found during the procedure and the follow-up period.
Conclusion
Using a coronary guidewirewith the assistance of a microcatheter to close small PDA is safe and effective, and thereby offers a new opportunity to improve the success rate of percutaneous closure of a PDA.
Altered spontaneous brain activity in maintenance hemodialysis patients with cognitive impairment
Authors: Sun Qing , Zheng Jiahui , Wu Xiangxiang , Xu Lifang , Shi Haifeng , Liu Tongqiang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To measure changes in spontaneous brain activity in maintenance hemodialysis patients (MHD) with cognitive impairment (CI) by combining resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and exploring the relationship between spontaneous brain activity and clinical indicators.METHODS: We selected 50 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis at the Second People's Hospital of Changzhou City from September 2020 to December 2021; 37 healthy volunteers were recruited during the same period, and all subjects underwent neuropsychological testing and rs-fMRI. Data analysis was performed after image preprocessing to explore spontaneous brain activity changes in differential brain regions of MHD-CI patients and to analyze the correlation between spontaneous brain activity and clinical variables.RESULTS: Compared to healthy controls, patients with MHD-CI had lower mean ALFF (mALFF) values in the left postcentral gyrus, lower mean fALFF (mfALFF) values in the left medial superior frontal gyrus, and lower mean mReHo (mReHo) values in the left middle occipital gyrus; by contrast, there were greater mALFF values in the left fusiform, left parahippocampal gyrus, right hippocampus, left caudate nucleus, and right caudate nucleus (p < 0.05). Compared with the MHD-NCI group, patients with MHD-CI had lower mALFF values in the left postcentral gyrus, lower mfALFF values in the left inferior temporal gyrus, and greater mALFF values in the right caudate nucleus (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that mALFF values in the left postcentral gyrus of MHD-CI patients were significantly positively correlated with hemoglobin levels (r = 0.671, p = 0.000) and negatively correlated with urea nitrogen (r = –0.457, p = 0.011); mfALFF values in the left inferior temporal gyrus were significantly negatively correlated with urea nitrogen levels (r = –0.583, p = 0.000). Receiver operating characteristic curves suggested that all differential brain regions were diagnostically effective (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients with MHD-CI have abnormal spontaneous brain activity in several brain regions, among which the left postcentral gyrus and left inferior temporal gyrus might be critical for the neurophysiological mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction. Correction of anemia and adjustment of urea nitrogen levels might help prevent CI in MHD patients.
A Comparative Study on Evolutionary Multi-objective Algorithms for Next Release Problem
Authors: Rahimi Iman , Gandomi Amir H , Nikoo Mohammad Reza , Chen Fang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The next release problem (NRP) refers to implementing the next release of software in the software industry regarding the expected revenues; specifically, constraints like limited budgets indicate that the total cost corresponding to the next software release should be minimized. This paper uses and investigates the comparative performance of nineteen state-of-the-art evolutionary multi-objective algorithms, including NSGA-II, rNSGA-II, NSGA-III, MOEAD, EFRRR, tDEA, KnEA, MOMBIII, SPEA2, RVEA, NNIA, HypE, ANSGA-III, BiGE, GrEA, IDBEA, SPEAR, SPEA2SDE, and MOPSO, that can tackle this problem. The problem was designed to maximize the customer satisfaction and minimize the total required cost. Three indicators, namely hyper-volume (HV), spread, and runtime, were examined to compare the algorithms. Two types of datasets, i.e., classic and realistic data, from small to large scale were also examined to verify the applicability of the results. Overall, NSGA-II exhibited the best CPU run time in all test scales, and, also, the results shows that the HV and spread values of 1st and 2nd best algorithms (NNIA and SPEAR), for which most HV values for NNIA are bigger 0.708 and smaller than 1, while the HV values for SPEAR vary between 0.706 and 0.708. Finally, the conclusion and direction for future works are discussed.
Characterization of two 1,3-β-glucan-modifying enzymes from Penicillium sumatraense reveals new insights into 1,3-β-glucan metabolism of fungal saprotrophs.
Authors: Scafati Valentina , Troilo Francesca , Ponziani Sara , Giovannoni Moira , Scortica Anna , Pontiggia Daniela , Angelucci Francesco , Matteo Adele Di , Mattei Benedetta , Benedetti Manuel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND
1,3-β-glucan is a polysaccharide widely distributed in the cell wall of several phylogenetically distant organisms such as bacteria, fungi, plants and micro-algae. The presence of highly active 1,3-β-glucanases in fungi evokes the biological question on how these organisms can efficiently metabolize exogenous sources of 1,3-β-glucan without incurring in autolysis.
RESULTS
To elucidate the molecular mechanisms at the basis of 1,3-β-glucan metabolism in fungal saprotrophs, the putative exo-1,3-β-glucanase G9376 and a truncated form of the putative glucan endo-1,3-β-glucosidase (ΔG7048) from Penicillium sumatraense AQ67100 were heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and characterized both in terms of activity and structure. G9376 efficiently converted laminarin and 1,3-β-glucan oligomers into glucose by acting as an exo-glycosidase, whereas G7048 displayed a 1,3-β-transglucanase/branching activity towards 1,3-β-glucan oligomers with a degree of polymerization higher than 5, making these oligomers more recalcitrant to the hydrolysis acted by exo-1,3-β-glucanase G9376. The X-ray crystallographic structure of the catalytic domain of G7048, solved at 1.9 Å of resolution, consists of a (𝛽/𝛼)8 TIM-barrel fold characteristic of all the GH17 family members. The catalytic site is in a V-shaped cleft containing the two conserved catalytic glutamic residues. Molecular features compatible with the activity of G7048 as 1,3-β-transglucanase are discussed.
CONCLUSIONS
The antagonizing activity between ΔG7048 and G9376 suggested how opportunistic fungi belonging to Penicillium genus may feed on substrates similar for composition and structure to their own cell wall without incurring in a self-deleterious autohydrolysis.