bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flurbiprofen inhibits cell proliferation in thyroid cancer through interrupting HIP1R-induced endocytosis of PTEN
Authors: Yang Nengli , Liang Yafeng , Yang Pei , Jiang Liuming 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The incidence of thyroid cancer, a most common tumor in the endocrine system, has increased in recent years. A growing number of studies have focused on the molecular mechanisms of thyroid cancer subtypes, aiming to identify effective therapeutic targets. Endocytosis is of vital significance in the malignant development of tumors, although its involvement in thyroid cancer has been rarely reported.

Methods
HIP1R expressions in thyroid cancer from the TCGA database were analyzed by UALCAN software. Thyroid epithelial and cancer cell lines were cultured in vitro. Western blotting and quantitative PCR were used to analyze protein and mRNA levels, respectively. Cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. Immunofluorescence staining indicated protein distribution in cell. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to study protein–protein interaction. Immunohistochemical staining was used to analyze protein expression in clinical tissues. Differences between groups were compared using the two-tailed Student’s t test, and those among three or more groups were compared by one-way or two-way ANOVA.

Results
In the present study, HIP1R (Huntingtin Interacting Protein 1 Related) was found upregulated in thyroid cancer tissues and cell lines compared with that in the controls, while knockdown of HIP1R significantly inhibited the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells. Since HIP1R is essential for the clathrin-dependent endocytic process, we thereafter explored the effect of HIP1R on the endocytosis of thyroid cancer cells. Interestingly, knockdown of HIP1R significantly reduced the number of clathrin-coated pits (CCPs) in thyroid cancer cells. In addition, the interaction between HIP1R and PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) was identified in thyroid cancer cells. Knockdown of HIP1R downregulated intracellular PTEN in thyroid cancer cells, but upregulated membrane-binding PTEN. Notably, flurbiprofen, a commonly used analgesic, significantly inhibited the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells and interfered with the interaction between HIP1R and PTEN, thereby enhancing the binding of PTEN to cell membrane. However, the proliferation inhibitory effect of flurbiprofen was attenuated when knocking down HIP1R or PTEN.

Conclusions
Upregulated HIP1R in thyroid cancer cells promotes cell proliferation and mediates the endocytosis of PTEN. Flurbiprofen may exert an anti-tumor effect on thyroid cancer by blocking the interaction between HIP1R and PTEN.
Explanations for use of dietary- and muscle enhancing dietary supplements among university students: a national cross-sectional study
Authors: Sundgot-Borgen Christine , Mathisen Therese Fostervold , Torstveit Monica Klungland , Sundgot-Borgen Jorunn 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Use of dietary supplements (DS) and muscle enhancing dietary supplements (MEDS) is frequent among students despite the lack of evidence of effects and health risks related to consumption. We need to increase our understanding of students’ motivation, examine potential gender differences, and explore explanatory factors, to address preventive measures related to use. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the frequency of, and the reasons for, DS use among university students, as well as explanatory factors for use of MEDS.

Method
Male and female students from nine Norwegian universities participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants responded to questions about demographics, DS and MEDS use, internalization of body ideals, physical activity- and exercise level, motives for exercise, and exercise context. Independent t-test, Chi-square test, Pearson’s correlation, and logistic regression were used to investigate between group differences, associations, and explanatory factors for use, respectively. P-values ≤ 0.05 were defined as significant.

Results
A total of 1001 males (34%) and females, with a mean(sd) age of 24.21(4.76) years, participated. The frequency of DS use was 42% and 40% (p = .414) in males and females, respectively, in which more males than females used DS to improve physical or mental performance (p =  < .001), increase muscle mass (p =  < .001) and weight for health (p = .014), and improve appearance (p =  < .001). In males and females, respectively, 25% and 10% used MEDS (p =  < .001). In males, being a fitness center member (OR:3.80), exercising to improve muscle mass (OR:1.96), and a higher physical activity level (OR:1.09) positively explained MEDS use, while exercising to increase endurance (OR:0.49) and being an exercise science student (OR:0.47) negatively explained MEDS use. In females, internalizing the athletic body ideal (OR:1.78) and exercising to improve muscle mass (OR:1.74) positively explained MEDS use.

Conclusions
Our main findings indicate that a surprisingly high percentage of male and female Norwegian students use DS and MEDS, and that reasons for use, and variables explaining the variability in frequency of use, differ between genders. Longitudinal studies to investigate direction of associations are needed in future research.
Privilege travels: migration and labour market outcomes of Southern Italian graduates
Authors: Galos Diana Roxana 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper contributes to the literature on social stratification by analysing the role of internal migration as a possible channel for the intergenerational transmission of inequality. While internal migration is associated with social mobility, it can also be used as a strategy of status maintenance among graduates from privileged backgrounds. The aim of this paper is to scrutinize whether internal migration for study or work, and subsequent labour market outcomes, are associated with social origins. Using a rich administrative and survey data set on a cohort of Italian graduates, findings show a substantive effect of social origins on graduates’ migration for study but not on migration for work. Finally, the results also more tentatively indicate that migration for study is one relevant path connecting social origins and income, thus emphasizing how privilege is not bound to place, but travels.
Stability evaluation of [18F]FDG: literature study, stability studies from two different PET centres and future recommendations
Authors: Holler Jes G. , Renmælmo Børge , Fjellaksel Richard 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The need for a stability evaluation of [18F]FDG is evident. The main purpose of this study was to make recommendations for determining the shelf life based on the available stability literature and our own two-centre stability studies.

Results
We performed a non-systematic literature study to find the most relevant stability data for [18F]FDG. The amount of radioactivity, radio-stabilizers, choice of synthesis, dilution, pH, temperature, storage and the choice of stability tests and acceptance criteria were the most important factors to evaluate for the implementation of good manufacturing practice. Moreover, we discuss some limitations of the study, especially the choice of synthesis, photostability, the environment, temperature and storage. Based on these data, we designed our own two-centre stability studies. All the defined acceptance criteria were met.

Conclusions
We have made recommendations for future stability evaluations based on our findings. The most important findings were that the amount of the radio-stabilizer ethanol should be > 0.1 % ethanol for activities up to 4 GBq/mL and > 0.2 % ethanol for activities up to 22.7 GBq/mL to keep [18F]FDG stable.
Comparison of healthfulness of conventional meats and edible insects in Sub-Saharan Africa using three nutrient profiling models
Authors: Weru Johnson , Chege Peter , Wanjoya Anthony , Kinyuru John 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundMeat and meat products have been blamed for a myriad of problems facing human kind like lifestyle illnesses, environmental degradation, and climate change. Edible insects have been suggested as the suitable alternatives to conventional meats in order to ameliorate these drawbacks. Healthfulness is the ability for a given food to impart health benefits to the consumer. Evidence is however scanty on the healthfulness of both the meats and edible insects in order to have grounds for replacing meats with insects in the diet. This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the healthfulness of meats and edible insects in Sub-Saharan Africa using modern nutrient profiling models.Materials and methodsNutritional data for meats and edible insects were obtained from Food Composition Tables (FCTs) and a systematic review, respectively. The data was applied to three nutrient profiling models: the WXYfm (Ofcom) model that was designed to regulate advertising of foods to children, the RRR (Ratio of Recommended to Restricted) model that assesses the ratio of positive to negative nutrients in foods, and the GDA (Guideline Daily Amounts) model which has been used to regulate health claims on foods. Tukey's Studentized Range (HSD) Test (The SAS System) was used to check for significance in differences of healthfulness using mean scores.ResultsThe WXYfm model classified all foods as healthful, andNasutitermes spp.was significantly more healthful than duck (P = 0.05). The RRR classified all foods as healthful, andNasutitermes spp.was significantly more healthful than all other foods exceptMacrotermes bellicosusand tilapia (P = 0.05). Duck (for women and men) and pork (for women), were classified as unhealthful by the GDA scoring system, and duck was significantly less healthful than all other foods (P < 0.0001), except for pork and mutton.ConclusionEdible insects are promising alternatives to conventional meats, but the choice should be on a species-to-species basis. This would be significant in broadening the choice of protein sources to cater for an ever-increasing world population.
National suicide management guidelines recommending family-based prevention, intervention and postvention and their association with suicide mortality rates: systematic review
Authors: Panesar Balpreet , Soni Divya , Khan Mohammed I. , Bdair Faris , Holek Matthew , Tahir Talha , Woo Julia , Sanger Nitika , Khumalo Nonhlanhla P. , Minuzzi Luciano , Thabane Lehana , Samaan Zainab 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundSuicidal behaviour remains a major public health concern and countries have responded by authoring guidelines to help mitigate death by suicide. Guidelines can include family-based recommendations, but evidence for the level and category of family-based involvement that is needed to effectively prevent suicide is unclear.AimsTo explore the association between family-based recommendations in guidelines and countries’ crude suicide rates. PROSPERO registration: CRD42019130195.MethodMEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo, Web of Science and WHO MiNDbank databases and grey literature were searched within the past 20 years (1 January 2000 to 22 June 2020) for national guidelines giving family-based recommendations in any of three categories (prevention, intervention and postvention).ResultsWe included 63 guidelines from 46 countries. All identified guidelines included at least one family-based recommendation. There were no statistically significant differences seen between mean World Health Organization crude suicide rates for countries that included only one, two or all three categories of family-based recommendations. However, a lower spread of crude suicide rates was seen when guideline recommendations included all three categories (mean crude suicide rates for one category: 11.09 (s.d. = 5.71); for two categories: 13.42 (s.d. = 7.76); for three categories: 10.68 (s.d. = 5.20); P = 0.478).ConclusionsCountries should work towards a comprehensive national suicide guideline that includes all categories of family-based recommendations. Countries with previously established guidelines should work towards the inclusion of evidence-based recommendations that have clear implementation plans to potentially help lower suicide rates.
Birth without intervention in women with severe mental illness: cohort study
Authors: Taylor Clare , Stewart Robert , Gibson Rod , Pasupathy Dharmintra , Shetty Hitesh , Howard Louise 
Published: February 2022

SummaryThe rate of normal birth outcomes (i.e. full-term births without intervention) for women with severe mental illness (SMI – psychotic and bipolar disorders) is not known. We examined rates of birth without intervention (spontaneous labour onset, spontaneous vaginal delivery without instruments, no episiotomy and no indication of pre- or post-delivery anaesthesia) in women with SMI (584 pregnancies) compared with a control population (70 942 pregnancies). Outcome ratios were calculated standardising for age. Women with SMI were less likely to have a birth without intervention (29.5%) relative to the control population (36.8%) (standardised outcome ratio 0.74, 95% CI 0.63–0.87).
Resilience in the Face of Pandemic: The Impact of COVID-19 on the Psychologic Morbidity and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Women With Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Javellana Melissa , Hlubocky Fay J. , Somasegar Sahana , Sorkin Mia , Kurnit Katherine C. , Jani Ina , Stock Elizabeth , Mills Kathryn , Lengyel Ernst , Lee Nita K. 
Published: February 2022

PURPOSE: The COVID-19 pandemic has created new challenges for ovarian cancer survivors. This study aims to evaluate the psychologic morbidity and alterations in medical care caused by the pandemic. METHODS: Advanced-stage ovarian cancer survivors at our institution were contacted for participation in a cross-sectional telephone-based quantitative survey study assessing pandemic-related psychologic morbidity. Psychologic domains using validated measures were explored: health-related quality of life (HRQOL; functional assessment of cancer therapy [FACT-G7]), anxiety (generalized anxiety disorder-7 [GAD7]), depression (Patient Health Questionnarie-2 [PHQ2]), global health Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System - Global Physical Health/Global Mental Health (PROMIS-GMH/GPH), resilience (brief resilience scale), and loneliness (English Longitudinal Study on Aging). Novel COVID-19 pandemic questions were drawn from a larger survey developed in our department. RESULTS: Fifty-nine percent (61 of 104) of contacted patients completed the survey. One quarter of respondents had high resilience, with only 10% reporting low resilience. Only one patient screened positive for depression, and two for anxiety. Increased loneliness was reported by 43% of respondents. Patients' overall HRQOL was good (median = 21; range = 6-28). Few patients experienced treatment delays, with only four experiencing chemotherapy interruption and two reporting surgical delays. Multiple regression analyses revealed that high FACT-G7 HRQOL was predicted by age > 65 years, high self-reported mental health, high resilience, and being off chemotherapy. Lower COVID-19 concern was predicted by recurrent cancer and high resilience. CONCLUSION: Despite the far-reaching impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, ovarian cancer survivors' HRQOL has been maintained. Older age, high resilience, high mental health, and being off chemotherapy predicted better HRQOL. Ovarian cancer survivors remain resilient in the face of the pandemic, and the support of clinicians to preserve this invaluable personal resource is critical for well-being.
Estimating the Practice-Level and National Cost Burden of Treatment-Related Prior Authorization for Academic Radiation Oncology Practices
Authors: Bingham Brian , Chennupati Sai , Osmundson Evan C. 
Published: February 2022

PURPOSE: Prior authorization (PA) imposes significant time burdens on radiation oncology practices, but its financial impact has not been characterized. We used time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) to assess the cost burden of treatment-related PA events at an academic radiation oncology practice. We then estimated annual costs for an academic practice and academic practices nationally. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Using internal analyses, we created TDABC process maps for treatment-related PA events at an academic radiation oncology practice. Using published compensation data, internal workhour estimates, and supervisory requirements, we calculated the cost of each PA event and annual costs. Using data from the 2017 American Society for Radiation Oncology Workforce Survey and the 2018 American Society for Radiation Oncology Prior Authorization Survey, we estimated annual PA costs for academic medical centers nationally. RESULTS: We successfully created TDABC process maps for treatment-related PA events at an academic radiation oncology practice. There were significant time and cost burdens for all events (range: 51-95 minutes, $28-$101 US dollars [USD]), with significant increases when peer-to-peer discussion was required (range: 92-95 minutes, $75-$101 USD). Annual treatment-related PA departmental costs were estimated to be $491,989 USD, with approved treatments accounting for the majority (94%; $463,027 USD). Nationally, annual treatment-related PA costs were estimated to be $40,125,848 USD, with approved treatments accounting for the majority (86%; $34,632,620 USD). CONCLUSION: TDABC can be used to estimate the cost burden of PA events. These burdens are significant and translate into massive organizational costs. Our national estimates highlight the tremendous cost of PA for academic radiation oncology practices, with the majority of costs related to approved treatments.
One-Pot Synthesis of Cyclopentenols from Vinylethylene Carbonates via Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Allylation and Cascade Oxidation-Cyclization
Authors: Zhang Ke , Ke Miaolin , Liu Zhigang , Zuo Sheng , Chen Fen-er 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
An efficient, one-pot protocol for the synthesis of highly functionalized cyclopentenols has been accomplished starting from vinylethylene carbonates and bissulfonylmethanes. This protocol proceeds via sequential palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative allylation and oxidative cyclization in an operationally simple manner. A wide range of substrates is well-accommodated to afford diverse cyclopentenols in moderate to good yields with excellent selectivity. Further control experiments demonstrated that the selective formation of the isolatable (Z)-allyl alcohols (up to Z/E = &gt;19:1) underlies the success of the subsequent cascade oxidation-cyclization.
Sub-epidermal moisture assessment as an adjunct to visual assessment in the reduction of pressure ulcer incidence
Authors: Ousey Karen , Stephenson John , Blackburn Joanna 
Published: February 2022

Objective:To assess the effectiveness of sub-epidermal moisture (SEM) assessment technology as an adjunct to visual assessment to reduce pressure ulcer (PU) incidence alongside standard PU care pathways.Method:Data were obtained from wards located within 28 institutions in the UK, Canada, Belgium, Spain and Ireland. At each ward, the proportion of patients scanned who were observed to have one or more PUs of Category 2 or above during a pre-Pressure Ulcer Reduction Programme (PURP) implementation period starting between November 2017 and July 2018 was recorded. The proportion of patients scanned who were observed to have one or more PUs of Category 2 or above during a post-PURP implementation period starting between November 2018 and July 2019 was also recorded. A meta-analysis was conducted on the data using wards as the unit of analysis, to facilitate overall estimate of the PURP. A sensitivity study was also conducted to assess the sensitivity of results to data from specific institutions.Results:A synthesised estimate of the overall relative risk (RR) was calculated to be 0.38 (95% confidence interval 0.26 to 0.56). Hence the risk of PU in the post-PURP cohort was about one-third that of the corresponding risk in the pre-PURP cohort. The sensitivity analysis revealed no evidence that any individual ward exerted excessive influence on the findings.Conclusion:The analysis has revealed strong evidence that implementation of the PURP was associated with reduction in incidence of Category 2 or above PUs across a wide range of clinical settings.
Intervención y evaluación con tecnologías de la competencia en seguridad digital
Authors: Torres-Hernández Norma , Pessoa Teresa , Gallego-Arrufat María Jesús 
Published: February 2022

La atención a los problemas y riesgos relacionados con la seguridad digital requiere acciones educativas para reducir la incertidumbre que genera la convivencia en la sociedad digital. Este estudio descriptivo tiene como propósito conocer el nivel competencial de estudiantes universitarios en el área de seguridad digital y el alcance de una intervención implementada y evaluada en entornos enriquecidos con tecnología. Participan 154 estudiantes de dos universidades de España y Portugal. La evaluación del nivel competencial en seguridad digital es actividad previa a la intervención en la que los participantes utilizando diversas herramientas tecnológicas realizan en total 1012 actividades. Los resultados muestran que el 93.5% de participantes tienen un nivel competencial intermedio. Como parte de la intervención se analizan 148 narrativas digitales y 141 reflexiones sobre netiqueta y redes sociales. El análisis descriptivo de la evaluación a la intervención, da como resultado una valoración media del grupo de 82.13. Los futuros educadores deben ser competentes en ésta área y ser conscientes de la importancia que esta tiene para la educación y en la sociedad. Es importante su formación para la conformación de una ciudadanía digital más segura y responsable en el uso de la tecnología y de Internet.
Quantitative endoscopic photoacoustic tomography using a convolutional neural network
Authors: Zheng Sun , Meng Qi , Wang Xin-Yu 
Published: February 2022

Endoscopic photoacoustic tomography (EPAT) is a catheter-based hybrid imaging modality capable of providing structural and functional information of biological luminal structures, such as coronary arterial vessels and the digestive tract. The recovery of the optical properties of the imaged tissue from acoustic measurements achieved by optical inversion is essential for implementing quantitative EPAT (qEPAT). In this paper, a convolutional neural network (CNN) based on deep gradient descent is developed for qEPAT. The network enables the reconstruction of images representing the spatially varying absorption coefficient in cross-sections of the tubular structures from limited measurement data. The forward operator reflecting the mapping from the absorption coefficient to the optical deposition due to pulsed irradiation is embedded into the network training. The network parameters are optimized layer by layer through the deep gradient descent mechanism using the numerically simulated data. The operation processes of the forward operator and its adjoint operator are separated from the network training. The trained network outputs an image representing the distribution of absorption coefficients by inputting an image that represents the optical deposition. The method has been tested with computer-generated phantoms mimicking coronary arterial vessels containing various tissue types. Results suggest that the structural similarity of the images reconstructed by our method is increased by about 10% in comparison with the non-learning method based on error minimization in the case of the same measuring view.