bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DSPE-mPEG2000-Modified Podophyllotoxin Long-Circulating Liposomes
for Targeted Delivery: Their Preparation, Characterization, and
Evaluation
Authors: Zhang Langlang , Li Rongyu , Zhang Han , Suo Xubin , Guo Bohong 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
DSPE-mPEG2000 is a phospholipid and polyethylene glycol conjugate used in
various biomedical applications, including drug delivery, gene transfection, and vaccine delivery.
Due to the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of DSPE-mPEG2000, it can serve as a drug carrier, encapsulating drugs in liposomes to enhance stability and efficacy.

Method:
In this study, long-circulating podophyllotoxin liposomes (Lc-PTOX-Lps) were prepared
using DSPE-mPEG2000 as a modifying material and evaluated for their pharmacokinetics and anticancer activity

Result:
Lc-PTOX-Lps had an encapsulation rate of 87.11±1.77%, an average particle size of
168.91±7.07 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.19±0.04, and a zeta potential of -24.37±0.36 mV.
In vitro release studies showed that Lc-PTOX-Lps exhibited a significant slow-release effect. The
long-circulating liposomes demonstrated better stability compared to normal liposomes and exhibited
a significant slow-release profile. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that Lc-PTOX-Lps had a prolonged half-life, reduced in vivo clearance, and improved bioavailability. Additionally, Lc-PTOX-Lps
exhibited better anticancer effects on MCF-7 cells and lower toxicity to normal cells compared to
PTOX.

Conclusion:
Lc-PTOX-Lps were synthesized using a simple and effective method, and Lc-PTOXLps are promising anticancer agents.
Complement Factor H Promotes the Growth of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Cells through the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Kaili , Wang Xitan , Li Jiang , Wang Yangyang , Gao Peng 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Over 50% of lung adenocarcinoma patients have high levels of
complement factor H (CFH) expression. Previous studies have reported that CFH inhibits
the migration of endothelial cells. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which
CFH affects lung adenocarcinoma development via phosphorylation of STAT3.

Methods:
Adenovirus expressing mice Cfh gene was used to infect C57 mice for two weeks,
and then Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) was injected to develop a subcutaneous tumor. The
effect of CFH on human A549 cells was also detected. Moreover, we collected CFH overexpressed conditional medium from HepG-2 cells infected with adenovirus expressing human CFH gene. A549 cells were incubated with the conditional medium, and the effect of
the CFH-conditional medium on cell proliferation and migration was detected.

Results:
It was found that CFH promoted lung adenocarcinoma growth in vivo, and CFHconditional medium treatment significantly increased the viability and migration area of
A549 cells. CFH-conditional medium increased the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 in
A549 cells. While using STATTIC to block STAT3 phosphorylation, CFH-conditional medium treatment did not affect A549 cell viability or migration compared to the control
group.

Conclusion:
These data suggested that CFH promoted the proliferation and migration of
A549 cells by increasing the phosphorylation level of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Furthermore, CFH has the potential to be a target for antitumor therapy
NaturePred: A Tool for Revolutionizing Natural Product Classification with Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Madival Sharanbasappa D. , Mishra Dwijesh Chandra , Chaturvedi Krishna Kumar , Sharma Anu , Budhlakoti Neeraj , Angadi Ulavappa B. , B Pavana , Farooqi Mohammad Samir , Srivastava Sudhir , Jha Girisk Kumar 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The identification and classification of natural products are vital in drug
discovery and bioactive compound exploration. Traditional methods are laborious and timeconsuming,
necessitating innovative tools for accurate predictions using advanced AI techniques.

Objectives:
This paper presents NaturePred, a user-friendly tool designed to predict the class of natural
products and calculate eight physicochemical properties of protein sequences. It aims to accurately
predict five distinct classes of natural product biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs): Polyketide
Synthases (PKS), Non-ribosomal Peptide Synthetases (NRPS), Ribosomally Synthesized and Post-
Translationally Modified Peptides (RiPPs), Terpenes, and PKS-NRPS Hybrids. It also addresses reliability
in multi-class classification with a 90% confidence score threshold.

Method:
NaturePred offers three input options: single protein sequence, CSV file, or GenBank
(.gbk) file. It uses a pipeline with a Natural Language Processing model based on TF-IDF (Term
Frequency- Inverse Document Frequency) and a Logistic Regression classifier. Predictions are
made if the confidence score exceeds 90%; otherwise, "None of the above class" is predicted. Evaluation
with unseen data from the MiBIG database shows high accuracy (~96%) in assigning BGCs.

Results:
NaturePred provides accurate predictions with high confidence scores, demonstrating reliability
across different datasets. It calculates eight physicochemical properties of protein sequences,
offering valuable insights for further analysis.

Conclusion:
NaturePred's integrated features, including versatile input options, accurate predictions,
and physicochemical property calculations, make it an indispensable tool in natural product
research. By addressing classification challenges, NaturePred facilitates drug discovery and bioactive
compound exploration, advancing the field. Tool available: (http://login1.cabgrid.res.in:5101/).
Identification of Potential Necroptosis Inhibitors using Pharmacophore
Model: An In-silico Approach
Authors: Pritam Manisha , Dutta Somenath , Kumar Rajnish 
Published: January 2025

Background::
Necrosis, a form of uncontrolled cell death, can be triggered by a variety of
stressors, including infection, injury, toxins, and ischemia. Such necrotic events, particularly when
induced by pathogenic infections, can lead to severe health complications. The mixed lineage kinase
domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) has been identified as a crucial drug target for mitigating
necrosis.

Objective::
The objective of this study is to identify potential MLKL inhibitors that act against
necroptosis via a pharmacophore model and virtual screening.

Methods::
In this study, we developed a ligand-based pharmacophore model to facilitate the identification
of inhibitors that target MLKL. Comprehensive ADMET analysis, virtual screening, and
molecular docking were employed to identify potential therapeutic candidates. Subsequently, molecular
dynamics (MD) simulations and free energy calculation of a leading candidate were conducted
using GROMACS and gmxMMPBSA tool to assess the stability of the MLKL-inhibitor
complex.

Results::
Our investigations identified 26 potential MLKL binders, with three compounds emerging
as frontrunners on the basis of their favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, including high/low gastrointestinal
absorption, optimal bioavailability, solubility, and non-hepatotoxicity. The MD simulations
further corroborated the structural stability of the MLKL-drug complex.

Conclusion::
The integrated computational approach adopted here could serve as a model for accelerating
the discovery of drug candidates in other therapeutic areas as well. These findings necessitate
further experimental validation before progressing to clinical trials.
Serum Proteomics Reveals Differential Proteins between Individuals with
Vestibular Migraine and Healthy Subjects
Authors: Wang Lixiang , Liu Junhong , Zhang Daopei , Zhang Huailiang 
Published: January 2025

Objective::
This pilot study aimed to analyze serum differential proteins in Vestibular
Migraine (VM) group (n=21) and the healthy controls (HC) group (n=21).

Methods::
Serum samples collected from subjects were analyzed using the relative quantitative proteomics
Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) quantification technique for protein identification.

Results::
Based on TMT proteomics technology and bioinformatics analysis, we identified a total of
35 differentially expressed proteins, including 24 up-regulated proteins and 11 down-regulated proteins.

Conclusion::
Proteomic analysis was able to reveal differences in protein expression between VM
sufferers and healthy controls. Similar to other neurological diseases characterized by neuroinflammation,
the serum proteome of VM patients shows an abundance of proteins that indicate cellular
damage and inflammation. If this relevant inflammatory status is confirmed in a larger series, it
could serve as a target for VM treatment.
Indole Derivatives: Versatile Scaffolds in Drug Development and Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Kulyal Himani , Tiwari Abhishek , Tiwari Varsha 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Indole and its derivatives are important in both biology and chemistry due to their presence
in many natural compounds and their role in various bodily functions. Indole is the core structure of
several key molecules like tryptophan, serotonin, melatonin, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), which are
involved in processes like cell signaling, growth regulation, and neurotransmission. Indole-based
compounds in plants and animals serve as building blocks for essential molecules, such as alkaloids,
proteins, and enzymes. For instance, in plants, indole derivatives like auxins help regulate growth,
while in animals, they contribute to various physiological functions. Indole derivatives have been extensively
researched for their potential as therapeutic agents, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry.
These compounds exhibit a wide range of medicinal properties, including anticancer, antitubercular,
antimalarial, and anti-HIV activities. Their anticancer potential is particularly notable, as they can
target various biological pathways involved in cancer, such as inhibiting DNA topoisomerase, blocking
histone deacetylase (HDAC), and disrupting tubulin polymerization. Modifying the indole structures
by adding halogen atoms has increased their effectiveness, making them more potent than some
standard chemotherapy drugs like cisplatin and gemcitabine. Indole-based compounds also show
promise in targeting apoptosis (programmed cell death) and autophagy (cellular self-digestion), both
of which are crucial in cancer treatment. By influencing these pathways, indole derivatives can promote
the death of cancer cells and inhibit tumor growth, making them promising candidates for cancer
therapy. The versatility and biological importance of the indole structure make it a valuable platform
for drug development, with ongoing research aimed at understanding how these compounds can be
used to treat cancer and other diseases.
Primary Renal Neuroblastoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Kebudi Rejin , Koca Dilşad , Yıldırım Ülkü Miray 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor found in
childhood.

Case Representation:
Primary renal neuroblastoma has been reported in the literature as case reports.
Almost all cases had a preliminary diagnosis of Wilms tumor and were diagnosed as neuroblastoma
after nephrectomy. Renal localized neuroblastoma may not be distinguished radiologically
from Wilms tumor.

Discussion:
We report a case of a 9-month-old infant with primary intrarenal neuroblastoma and
provide a literature review. The definitive differential diagnosis of some renal masses is both radiologically
and clinically challenging.

Conclusion:
In such cases, the input of a multidisciplinary team, including the oncologist, surgeon,
and radiologist, is invaluable in deciding on a biopsy or nephrectomy.
Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) Occurrence in the South of Iran
Authors: Faryabi Reza , Kamali Ali , Raesi Rasoul , Hushmandi Kiavash , Tabatabaee Seyed Saeed , Askarpour Hedyeh , Samakkhah Shohreh Alian , Daneshi Salman 
Published: January 2025

Background and Objective:
Tuberculosis (TB) was one of the most challenging diseases
in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and control during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present
study was conducted to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of tuberculosis.

Materials and Methods:
This study was cross-sectional, based on a census of all patients with tuberculosis
whose information was available in the tuberculosis registration system of the Health
Vice-Chancellor of Jiroft University of Medical Sciences from 2016 to 2021. In this study, demographic
information and variables related to the type of tuberculosis, disease case, treatment result,
and treatment regimen were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire.

Results:
The incidence of tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic was significantly reduced
by 57% compared to the pre-pandemic period. There was no significant difference between the
pre-COVID-19 era and the pandemic era in terms of demographic variables and several determining
factors in TB patients.

Conclusion:
The COVID-19 pandemic was found to impact the control of the tuberculosis program.
Delays in referral, diagnosis, and treatment led to an increase in the spread of tuberculosis,
particularly within households, an increase in the number of deaths, and an increase in drug resistance
of the tuberculosis microbe. Therefore, it is recommended that awareness programs for the
public about tuberculosis be organized and that more education be provided to health and treatment
staff about tuberculosis to ensure that the control measures implemented in recent decades
are not wasted.
Comparison of Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein A (PAPP-A) Levels in IVF-Induced Pregnancies and Physiological Pregnancies: A Case-
Control Study
Authors: Moghadam Haniyeh Najari , Darabi Roksana , Forootan Mitra , Darvishi Mohammad 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Infertility is an important issue in reproductive health. In the field of reproductive
medicine, In vitro Fertilization (IVF) stands out as a central approach to helping infertile
couples. Pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A) levels increase progressively throughout
pregnancy until delivery. Therefore, the present study aimed to conduct a detailed examination
and comparison of PAPP-A levels between women who have undergone IVF treatment due to infertility
and those with natural pregnancies, all of whom have been referred to the Gynecology and
Infertility Clinic of Besat Hospital in 2020.

Methods:
The present case-control study was conducted on women with IVF-induced pregnancies
and those with physiological pregnancies who have been referred to the Gynecology and Infertility
Clinic of Besat Hospital in 2020. Pregnant women who did not have a complete medical record and
had a history of other diseases were excluded from the study. In this study, venous blood was collected
from the pregnant women, and the serum level of the PAPP-A marker was checked. This information
was recorded in their medical records and then subjected to statistical analysis.

Results:
For this purpose, 28 pregnant women by IVF and 34 physiological pregnant women were
included in the study. There was a significant relationship between the type of pregnancy (IVF and
physiological pregnancy) and the serum level of PAPP-A dispersion based on the KID test, and
70.59% of pregnancies were physiological at the level of 0.5-0.9. Based on the results of the ROC
curve test, the cut-off point of the serum level of PAPP-A in pregnancy caused by IVF and physiological
pregnancy was 0.63. This means that in 90.91% of people whose serum level of PAPP-A
was less than 0.63, the method of pregnancy was IVF.

Conclusion:
The results of the present study have revealed the serum level of PAPP-A to be different
depending on the type of pregnancy, and it has been found to be significantly higher in pregnant
women with physiological pregnancy than in pregnancy due to IVF.
Exploration of Cervical Cancer Image Processing and Detection Based on URCNNs
Authors: Cheng Cheng , Yang Yi , Qu Youshan 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Cervical cancer is a prevalent malignancy among women, often asymptomatic in early stages, complicating detection.

Objective:
This study aims to investigate innovative techniques for early cervical cancer detection using a novel U-RCNNS model.

Methods:
Cervical epithelial cell images stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) were analyzed using the U-RCNNS model, which integrates U-Net for
segmentation and R-CNN for object detection, incorporating dilated convolution techniques.

Results:
The U-RCNNS model significantly improved the accuracy of detecting and segmenting cervical cancer cells, with the enhanced Mask R-CNN
showing notable advancements over the baseline model.

Conclusion:
The U-RCNNS model presents a promising solution for early cervical cancer detection, offering improved accuracy compared to traditional methods and highlighting its potential for clinical application in early diagnosis.
Challenges in Diagnosing Primary Intracranial Ewing Sarcoma/Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor: A Case Report
Authors: Luo Shigang , Wang Feifei , Haung Huan , Tang GuangCai 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Primary intracranial Ewing Sarcoma/peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (EWS/pPNET) is exceedingly rare and easy to misdiagnose.

Case Presentation:
We present a case involving a 23-year-old male who presented with headaches and vomiting. The preoperative brain imaging revealed an irregular
mass in the left parietal lobe, initially misdiagnosed as meningioma. However, the surgical specimen was ultimately diagnosed as primary
intracranial EWS/pPNET. The patient underwent a total tumor resection, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. No recurrence or
distant metastasis was observed 18 months after the surgery.

Conclusion:
When the imaging features of young patients’ lesions are solid, aggressive, and unevenly enhanced masses, physicians should be aware of the
possibility of primary intracranial EWS/pPNET, and if possible, Gross Total Resection (GTR) and intensive chemotherapy and radiotherapy are
recommended.
Exploring the Prevalence and Coexistence of Metabolic Dysfunction-associated
Steatotic Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using Ultrasound: A
Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Hadadi Ibrahim , Adam Mohamed , J Musa Mustafa , Gareeballah Awadia , Alqahtani Mansour , Kanbayti Ibrahem , Hazazi Ahmed 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Type 2 diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) increases vulnerability to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Therefore, this
study aims to determine the prevalence and coexistence of MASLD in patients with T2DM using ultrasound.

Methods:
This cross-sectional retrospective study included 168 patients with T2DM from multiple diabetes clinics in Abha City, Asir region, recruited
between August 2023 and December 2023. Adult patients aged 18 and over with T2DM were included, and data was extracted from patient files.
All patients were examined by ultrasound to determine the prevalence and coexistence of MASLD in patients with T2DM. Hepatic steatosis on Bmode
ultrasound is qualitatively classified on a four-point scale: normal (0), mild (1), moderate (2), and severe (3).

Results:
Out of 168 patients, 68.4% were identified with MASLD, mostly with diffuse liver (97.4%) diagnosed through ultrasound. MASLD was
significantly higher in individuals with uncontrolled diabetes (72.5%) than those with controlled diabetes (46.2%), with a significant difference
(p=0.015) and an odds ratio (OR) of 3.081, indicating uncontrolled diabetics are over three times more likely to develop MASLD. The
uncontrolled group had a statistically significant larger liver size than the control group (13.6cm ±1.43 vs. 13.0cm ±1.20, respectively: [p=0.032,
95%CI 0.053-1.12]). Furthermore, a notable association was observed between increased BMI and the prevalence of MASLD in individuals with
T2DM. Furthermore, no significant association was found between the duration of diabetes and the severity of MASLD, nor between the grading
of MASLD and gender.

Conclusion:
This study highlights a crucial association between uncontrolled diabetes and increased MASLD prevalence, emphasizing the importance of
diabetes management in reducing MASLD risk.
Insights into the Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics and Analytical Techniques of Lobeglitazone: A Novel Anti-diabetic Drug
Authors: Mudaliar Saradhkumar , Godani Nandan , Sharma Sanjay 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
This review article aims to provide crucial insights related to the chemistry,
pharmacology and analytical techniques associated with Lobeglitazone, a promising anti-diabetic
molecule. Diabetes is a chronic ailment which hinders the normal functioning of beta pancreatic cells
due to which the pancreas becomes incapable of producing sufficient amount of insulin or the body
is not able to utilize the insulin that is produced by the beta-pancreatic cells. Lobeglitazone is a novel
thiazolidinedione class of drug approved for type-II diabetes management by regulatory agencies in
South Korea and India. The molecule has the potential to replace pioglitazone for the treatment of
type-II diabetes due to its lower effective dose (0.5 mg) and better safety profile.

Method:
A comprehensive literature review was conducted using sources like PubMed, ScienceDirect,
and Google Scholar. The review focused on chemistry, pharmacology, efficacy, safety, and
advancements in analytical techniques for Lobeglitazone estimation in biological samples, bulk, and
dosage forms.

Result:
Lobeglitazone exhibits potent therapeutic efficacy in treating type-II diabetes with fewer
adverse effects compared to previous thiazolidinedione drugs. It demonstrates a better safety profile,
especially in terms of cardiovascular risk. However, current analytical methods for lobeglitazone rely
on solvents that do not adhere to green chemistry principles, highlighting the need for eco-friendly
alternatives.

Conclusion:
Lobeglitazone holds substantial potential to replace older thiazolidinedione drugs due to
its lower effective dose and improved safety profile. Future research should focus on developing
sustainable analytical methods that align with green chemistry principles, further reinforcing its role
in diabetes management.
Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Generated from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Show Synergistic Efficacy Against Multidrug-resistant Bacteria
Authors: Ali Muna Jalal , AlMatar Manaf 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The use of plant extracts as both reducing and capping agents in the
biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has a wide range of potential applications in addressing diverse biological challenges.

Objectives:
The objective of this research was to broaden the scope of AgNPs by the use of a
new phytochemical approach characterized by low toxicity and production cost

objective:
The objective of this research was to broaden the scope of AgNPs by the use of a new phytochemical approach characterised by low toxicity and production cost. This method included the manufacture of nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extracts derived from Eucalyptus camaldulensis.

Method:
This method included the manufacture of nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extracts
derived from Eucalyptus camaldulensis.

Results:
The biosynthesis of AgNPs was subjected to characterization using many analytical
techniques. The findings from the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed the
presence of mostly spherical-shaped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The size distribution of these
AgNPs was shown to be influenced by the kind of plant leaf extract used. Specifically, AgNPs
derived from E. camaldulensis extract exhibited lower sizes, ranging from 16 nm to 22 nm.

Conclusion:
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit significantly enhanced antibacterial efficacy
against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, surpassing the potency of the plant extracts used in their production.