bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: revisiting the complement system and other aspects of pathogenesis
Authors: Ponleitner Markus , Rommer Paulus Stefan 
Published: December 2022

SummaryNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) represents a rare neuroimmunological disease causing recurrent attacks and accumulation of permanent disability in affected patients. The discovery of the pathogenic IgG‑1 antibody targeting a water channel expressed in astrocytes, aquaporin 4, constitutes a milestone achievement. Subsequently, multiple pathophysiological aspects of this distinct disease entity have been investigated. Demyelinating lesions and axonal damage ensue from autoantibodies targeting an astroglial epitope. This conundrum has been addressed in the current disease model, where activation of the complement system as well as B cells and interleukin 6 (IL-6) emerged as key contributors. It is the aim of this review to address these factors in light of novel treatment compounds which reflect these pathophysiological concepts in aiming for attack prevention, thus reducing disease burden in patients with NMOSD.
Introduction to niches and mechanisms in ecology and evolution
Authors: Trappes Rose , Nematipour Behzad , Krohs Ulrich 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNiches and mechanisms are two important but contested elements in the study of organism-environment interactions. Although they are closely interrelated, with niches playing a crucial role in theorizing about ecological and evolutionary mechanisms such as niche construction, facilitation, and species invasion, philosophical discussions about each issue have been largely disconnected. This collection addresses this gap, bringing together contributions from philosophers and biologists about the niche concept, niche construction theory, and ecological and evolutionary mechanisms. In this introduction we provide some background to the collection, which arose out of two workshops organized within an interdisciplinary research consortium. We also summarize each contribution, organized roughly into three groups with considerable overlap and interrelations: niche construction and evolutionary theory, niches, and ecological and evolutionary mechanisms.
Marriage as insurance: job protection and job insecurity in France
Authors: Clark Andrew E. , D’Ambrosio Conchita , Lepinteur Anthony 
Published: December 2022

AbstractJob insecurity is one of the risks that workers face on the labour market. As with any risk, individuals can choose to insure against it, and we here consider marriage as one potential source of this insurance. The 1999 rise in the French Delalande tax, paid by larger private firms when they laid off workers aged 50 or over, led to an exogenous rise in job insecurity for the uncovered (younger workers) in these larger firms. A difference-in-differences analysis using French panel data reveals that this greater job insecurity for the under-50s led to a significant rise in their probability of marriage, and especially when the partner had greater job security, consistent with marriage providing insurance against labour-market risk.
Factors that determine the degree of fulfilment of expectations for entrepreneurs from the business incubator programmes
Authors: Antonovica Arta , de Esteban Curiel Javier , Herráez Beatriz Rodríguez 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe uncertain economic situation that was experienced because of the global financial crisis in 2008 and the exponential growth in the use of new technologies in different industries has caused some individuals to become entrepreneurs through the development of a variety of new skills. The main objective of this research paper is to discover what factors significantly determine the degree of fulfilment of expectations for entrepreneurs who have graduated from the incubator programme. Entrepreneurs may expect that a business incubator programme is a key element for their economic development and that it provides them with skills for good image and professional recognition. From the methodological point of view, a survey technique was conducted on 100 entrepreneurs who had already graduated from different business incubator programmes in Madrid, Spain. For the data exploration phase, an Exploratory Factor Analysis was used, which made it possible to identify 10 factors. With the Multiple Linear Regression analysis, these newly created and named factors were ordered by level of importance. The main findings show that most statistically significant factors consist of variables that are related to behaviour, attitude and hard skills (trained).In turn, results demonstrate that soft skills (innate) also play a certain role for fulfilling expectations for developing a successful company. Study confirms that continuous managerial training programmes for entrepreneurs in the twenty-first century are a substantial part for obtaining new skills, knowledge, insights, experiences, and change of behaviours and attitudes of different aspects needed for successful company leadership and management.
Strain Partitioning in a Multi-phase V–Ti–Ni Alloy Containing Superelastic Nano-precipitates
Authors: Cho Jaclyn L. , Tasan C. Cem 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn V45Ti30Ni25(at. pct), superelastic TiNi and a stable V-rich bcc phase (β) coexist in multiple-phase mixtures with each acting as matrix and precipitate. Through nano-indentation measurements andin situsynchrotron and SEM tensile tests coupled with digital image correlation analysis, the phase mixtures are revealed to exhibit similar strain-partitioning behaviors but different dependencies of reverse transformation on strain. These insights on multi-phase plasticity provide hints for improved damage resistance in the presence of a superelastic phase.
Guess who? Taxonomic problems in the genus Eiseniella revisited by integrated approach
Authors: de Sosa Irene , F. Marchán Daniel , Novo Marta , Szederjesi Timea , Jelic Misel , Jabłońska Aleksandra , Navarro Raúl , Almodóvar Ana , Díaz Cosín Darío J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEiseniella neapolitana is a semi-aquatic, diploid earthworm that for many years was related to the cosmopolitan species Eiseniella tetraedra and even considered a subspecies of it. Norealidys andaluciana was described in Spain and is usually synonymized with E. neapolitana. We collected 69 specimens from Italy, Spain, and Cyprus and studied five molecular markers (COI, 16S, 28S, 12S, and ND1) and their morphology to solve this taxonomic problem. Phylogenetic analyses reveal the possible existence of two separate genera confounded under the name Eiseniella, but the study of more molecular markers and species of the genus would be necessary to confirm this. Therefore, the synonymy between Eiseniella and Norealidys is maintained. Various genetic analyses, including species delimitation, confirm the separation between E. neapolitana and E. andaluciana (= N. andaluciana) and excluded that E. neapolitana is a subspecies of E. tetraedra. The resemblance in external appearance despite clear genetic differences of the three species could be explained by convergent adaptation to the aquatic habitat. Despite the expected low haplotype diversity based on the 28S gene, we found a surprisingly high variability in the E. andaluciana (= N. andaluciana) population in Spain. However, its stable predicted secondary structure and its high content of G + C reject the presence of a pseudogene.
Space-Time Clustering with the Space-Time Permutation Model in SaTScan™ Applied to Building Permit Data Following the 2011 Joplin, Missouri Tornado
Authors: Stimers Mitchel , Lenagala Sisira , Haddock Brandon , Paul Bimal Kanti , Mohler Rhett 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Community recovery from a major natural hazard-related disaster can be a long process, and rebuilding likely does not occur uniformly across space and time. Spatial and temporal clustering may be evident in certain data types that can be used to frame the progress of recovery following a disaster. Publically available building permit data from the city of Joplin, Missouri, were gathered for four permit types, including residential, commercial, roof repair, and demolition. The data were used to (1) compare the observed versus expected frequency (chi-square) of permit issuance before and after the EF5 2011 tornado; (2), determine if significant space-time clusters of permits existed using the SaTScan™ cluster analysis program (version 9.7); and (3) fit any emergent cluster data to the widely-cited Kates 10-year recovery model. All permit types showed significant increases in issuance for at least 5 years following the event, and one (residential) showed significance for nine of the 10 years. The cluster analysis revealed a total of 16 significant clusters across the 2011 damage area. The results of fitting the significant cluster data to the Kates model revealed that those data closely followed the model, with some variation in the residential permit data path.
Global communication of Chinese culture in the digital era: internal motivation and external challenges
Authors: Dai Yuanchu , Cheng Xinyu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe development of digital technology encourages culture to spread more inclusively and diversely around the world. On this basis, this article aims to reveal the changing trend and the dynamic mechanism behind Chinese cultural communication by studying the status quo of overseas communication in the media, education, and arts and the influence of Chinese culture in different regions. The research shows that the existence of cultural hegemony and unilateralism in Western countries and the incomplete of China's communication system have restricted the global communication of Chinese culture. Despite this, globalization and multi-polarization provide new external opportunities for Chinese cultural global communication. Also, the development of China's comprehensive strength and technology have laid the material foundation and broadened the channels for cultural communication. In the future, more revolutions in terms of cultural communication concepts, subjects, and matrices should be conducted to help Chinese culture be more widely recognized and accepted worldwide.
On application of perception intelligence in international communication of the film and television industry: a case study on Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon
Authors: Shen Guohua , Wei Lianyu , Xie Mingbo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractResearch on film perception started by David Bordwell pushes the movie audio-visual research into a new empirical research field. “Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon”, as the first Chinese film in history winning the Academy Award for Best Foreign Film, builds a bridge for cultural exchange between eastern and western culture in the movie circle worldwide, and achieves a good cross-cultural communication effect. Relying on the “Perception Intelligence Laboratory” of Liaoning University, this paper adopted empirical verification, questionnaire survey, and in-depth interview to collect, analyze and research audience feedback data, by observing the psychological reaction data of international student volunteers from Liaoning University who participated in watching “Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon”, a movie directed by Ang Lee, hoping to provide a reference for film and television works to tell Chinese stories and spread Chinese voice.
Antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa before and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Mena Lora Alfredo J. , Sorondo Chrystiam , Billini Belkis , Gonzalez Patricia , Bleasdale Susan C. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective:
To describe antimicrobial resistance before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in the Dominican Republic.

Design:
Retrospective study.

Setting:
The study included 49 outpatient laboratory sites located in 13 cities nationwide.

Participants:
Patients seeking ambulatory microbiology testing for urine and bodily fluids

Methods:
We reviewed antimicrobial susceptibility reports for Escherichia coli isolates from urine and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PSAR) from bodily fluids between January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021, from deidentified susceptibility data extracted from final culture results.

Results:
In total, 27,718 urine cultures with E. coli and 2,111 bodily fluid cultures with PSAR were included in the analysis. On average, resistance to ceftriaxone was present in 25.19% of E. coli isolated from urine each year. The carbapenem resistance rates were 0.15% for E. coli and 3.08% for PSAR annually. The average rates of E. coli with phenotypic resistance consistent with possible extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) in urine were 25.63% and 24.75%, respectively, before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The carbapenem resistance rates in urine were 0.11% and 0.20%, respectively, a 200% increase. The average rates of PSAR with carbapenem resistance in bodily fluid were 2.33% and 3.84% before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, respectively, a 130% percent increase.

Conclusions:
Resistance to carbapenems in PSAR and E. coli after the COVID-19 pandemic is rising. These resistance patterns suggest that ESBL is common in the Dominican Republic. Carbapenem resistance was uncommon but increased after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Teleology and Basic Actions: A reading of the chapter on Teleology in Hegel's Subjective Logic in the terms of action theory
Authors: Scholz Maximilian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper I argue that there is textual evidence that the chapter on Teleology in Hegel's Science of Logic, read under certain premises, also discusses something that in contemporary analytic philosophy is called a ‘basic action’. The three moments of Teleology—(a) ‘The Subjective Purpose’, (b) ‘The Means’ and (c) ‘The Realized Purpose’—can be interpreted as (a) a certain intentional content in the mind of a subject, which can be expressed in the form of an imperative, (b) the immediate taking in possession of the body, which can be described as a basic action, and (c) the description of the relation of the event brought about by the basic action with other events in the world, which can be described in the terms of event-causality. This reading reveals an astonishing parallel to Donald Davidson's distinction between proper basic actions and their different descriptions in the form of events. In this way we can make Hegel's, at first glance, confusing identification of subjective purpose (intention), means (basic action) and realized purpose (event) comprehensible. Through that, the actual aim is to show that what I call basic actions are in fact an example of a more general thought that Hegel calls a teleological relation.
Blocking the Law from Within: Familyism Ideologies as Obstacles to Legal Protections for Women in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua
Authors: Menjívar Cecilia , Diossa-Jiménez Leydy 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe scholarship seeking to explain the ineffectiveness of violence against women (VAW) laws has focused on the lack of resources or will to implement these laws. Less attention has been given to how these laws are crafted and positioned in the legal hierarchy, which may undermine them from the start. This article focuses on four cases from Central America, a region where fifty-five laws to protect women from violence were passed between 1960 and 2018, yet VAW continues. It finds that the legal positioning and language of these laws prioritize family unity while undermining women’s rights to protection; thus, these laws fail by design. The article identifies four legal placements that delay (El Salvador), undermine (Honduras), diminish (Nicaragua), or render abstract (Guatemala) the effectiveness of VAW laws in the context of penal and judicial codes. This work has direct policy implications and broader relevance beyond the cases examined here.
Introduction to the Special Issue—Life Science in Politics: Methodological Innovations and Political Issues
Authors: Friesen Amanda , Ksiazkiewicz Aleksander , McDermott Rose 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe introduce the Special Issue on Life Science in Politics: Methodological Innovations and Political Issues. This issue of Politics and the Life Sciences is focused on the use of life science theory and methods to study political phenomena and the exploration of the intersection of science and political attitudes. This issue is the third in a series of special issues funded by the Association for Politics and the Life Sciences that adheres to the Open Science Framework for registered reports. Pre-analysis plans are peer reviewed and given in-principle acceptance before data are collected and/or analyzed, and the articles are published contingent upon the preregistration of the study being followed as proposed. We note various interpretations and challenges associated with studying the science of politics and discuss the contributions.
Racial and ethnic variation in the negativity bias–ideology connection: A registered report
Authors: Gonzalez Frank J. , Jin Rongbo , Wang Ianne 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis is a registered report for a study of racial and ethnic variation in the relationship between negativity bias and political attitudes. Pioneering work on the psychological and biological roots of political orientation has suggested that political conservatism is driven in large part by enhanced negativity bias. This work has been criticized on several theoretical fronts, and recent replication attempts have failed. To dig deeper into the contours of when (and among whom) negativity bias predicts conservatism, we investigate a surprisingly overlooked factor in existing literature: race and ethnicity. We propose that political issues represent threat or disgust in different ways depending on one’s race and ethnicity. We recruited 174 White, Latinx, and Asian American individuals (in equal numbers) to examine how the relationship between negativity bias and political orientation varies by race/ethnicity across four domains: policing/criminal justice, immigration, economic redistribution, and religious social conservatism.
RADIOCARBON DATING OF URBAN SECONDARY CARBONATE DEPOSITS: SITE EFFECT AND IMPLICATION FOR CHRONOLOGY: CASE STUDY OF PARIS AND VERSAILLES PALACE FOUNTAINS
Authors: Pons-Branchu Edwige , Caffy Ingrid , Delque-Kolic Emmanuelle , Dumoulin Jean-Pascal , Dumont Emmanuel , Madikita Sarah , Bultez Gilles , Malnar Daniella , Monvoisin Gael , Querleux Jules , Fernandez Matthieu , Tisnérat Laborde Nadine , Branchu Philippe 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTIn urban environments, diachronic evolution of water quality can be reconstructed using geochemical analysis of urban secondary carbonate deposits (USCDs), from urban underground structures, similar to speleothems from natural caves. The use of the radiocarbon bomb peak to build their precise chronology was recently tested in two Paris-area urban sites (France). In this study, new samples from contrasted environments in the Paris region were sampled in order to test the sites’ effects on the radiocarbon signal recorded: under wood, under a fountain, in underground aqueducts, in the south and north of Paris. We compared the post-bomb atmospheric radiocarbon record with the one measured at the top of USCDs, and estimated the dead carbon proportion (DCP), between 0 and 40%. USCDs fed by water with a rapid transfer through thin soil (Versailles fountain) had the lowest DCP (14C very close to atmospheric one). Highest DCP were found for USCD from deep underground quarry under urban wood, and intermediate ones for USCDs fed by the waters of perched aquifers. These data support the use of radiocarbon as chronometer for USCDs in contrasted urban contexts, and show that it can be used to determine carbon transport and sources, an important parameter for pollution reconstruction.
‘Living memories of the changing same’: Rio's linguistic landscape at the crossroads of time and race
Authors: Borba Rodrigo , Fabrício Branca Falabella , Lima Fátima 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article questions the time of white modernity based on historical periodization and sequential progression, arguing for a more multifaceted approach to time and space in linguistic landscapes (LL). It rethinks the concept of chronotope by examining effects of the African diaspora in Brazil. The experience of radical uprooting it promoted fuses spatiotemporal dimensions that operate in complementary directions. On the one hand, a necrotope sets forth submission and destruction. On the other, visceral resistance to obliteration emerges when the timespace of encruzilhadas ‘crossroads’ is produced in the cracks of colonial power. The LL at Pedra do Sal in Rio de Janeiro suggests that approaching timespace from this perspective captures the juxtaposition of stasis and mobility, oppression and resistance, loss and life, past and present. We argue that thinking of time outside and against the Euro-chronometer requires decolonial epistemologies that have the potential to disrupt racist chronologies. (Chronotope, linguistic landscapes, African diaspora, temporality, race, Rio de Janeiro)*
Finite quasisimple groups acting on rationally connected threefolds
Authors: BLANC JÉRÉMY , CHELTSOV IVAN , DUNCAN ALEXANDER , PROKHOROV YURI 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe show that the only finite quasi-simple non-abelian groups that can faithfully act on rationally connected threefolds are the following groups:
${\mathfrak{A}}_5$
,
${\text{PSL}}_2(\textbf{F}_7)$
,
${\mathfrak{A}}_6$
,
${\text{SL}}_2(\textbf{F}_8)$
,
${\mathfrak{A}}_7$
,
${\text{PSp}}_4(\textbf{F}_3)$
,
${\text{SL}}_2(\textbf{F}_{7})$
,
$2.{\mathfrak{A}}_5$
,
$2.{\mathfrak{A}}_6$
,
$3.{\mathfrak{A}}_6$
or
$6.{\mathfrak{A}}_6$
. All of these groups with a possible exception of
$2.{\mathfrak{A}}_6$
and
$6.{\mathfrak{A}}_6$
indeed act on some rationally connected threefolds.
Observed and CMIP6 Modeled Internal Variability Feedbacks and Their Relation to Forced Climate Feedbacks
Authors: Uribe Alejandro , Bender Frida A.‐M. , Mauritsen Thorsten 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInter model variations in global temperature response to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide stem mostly from uncertainties in modeled climate feedbacks. To study potential reductions in model feedback uncertainties, we estimate observed feedbacks in response to internal variability using changes in Top Of the Atmosphere energy balance with temperature. We compare those observations with internal variability feedbacks from historical simulations of coupled and atmosphere‐only experiments from the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) to identify that simulated feedbacks exhibit biases in the tropics, subtropics, and the Southern Ocean. Furthermore, we find a relation between simulated longwave and shortwave internal variability feedbacks and those where atmospheric carbon dioxide is abruptly quadrupled. In the model range of internal variability feedbacks, the observations are more consistent with moderately negative longwave feedback, and weak shortwave feedback, but the observations can't be used to rule out any models or their long‐term feedback.