bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Letter: the probability of predicting HBV‐specific CD8+ cell response derived from HLA‐A2+ may not closely predict functional cure in Asian patients who stop nucleoside analogues
Authors: Liu Yen‐Chun , Jeng Wen‐Juei 
Published: September 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Pena‐Asensio et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16850 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17212
Letter: should we have to include baclofen in the GORD therapy armamentarium? authors' reply
Authors: Raymenants Karlien , Van den Bergh Jolinde , Tack Jan 
Published: September 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Pauwels et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17068 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17183
Non‐recovery of vancomycin‐associated nephrotoxicity is related to worsening survival outcomes: Combined retrospective analyses of two real‐world databases
Authors: Chuma Masayuki , Hamano Hirofumi , Bando Takashi , Kondo Masateru , Okada Naoto , Izumi Yuki , Ishida Shunsuke , Yoshioka Toshihiko , Asada Mizuho , Niimura Takahiro , Zamami Yoshito , Takechi Kenshi , Goda Mitsuhiro , Miyata Koji , Yagi Kenta , Kasamo Sachiko , Izawa‐Ishizawa Yuki , Azuma Momoyo , Yanagawa Hiroaki , Tasaki Yoshikazu , Ishizawa Keisuke 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThere has been growing concern in worsening survival and renal outcomes following vancomycin‐associated nephrotoxicity (VAN) onset, but the factors associated with these phenomena remain unclear. To examine these factors, we performed a retrospective study combining the analysis of two real‐world databases. Initially, the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) was used to evaluate the relationship between VAN and mortality using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Next, electronic medical records (EMRs) were examined in a more robust cohort for evaluation of the association between renal outcomes and worsening survival using Cox proportional hazards regression models. FAERS analysis revealed a significant correlation between VAN occurrence and increased mortality (OR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.17–1.46). EMR analysis showed that non‐recovery of VAN was associated with increased hospital mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.05; 95% CI: 2.42–6.77) and 1‐year mortality (HR: 3.03, 95% CI: 1.98–4.64). The HR for VAN recovery was lower for patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) stage ≥2 (HR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.02–0.40). Thus, worsening survival outcomes were associated with non‐recovery of VAN, whereby AKI stage ≥2 was a significant risk factor. Progression to severe VAN should be prevented for better survival outcomes.
Hepatic stellate cell‐released CXCL1 aggravates HCC malignant behaviors through the MIR4435‐2HG/miR‐506‐3p/TGFB1 axis
Authors: Li Shaling , Hu Xingwang , Yu Songman , Yi Panpan , Chen Ruochan , Huang Zebing , Huang Yan , Huang Yun , Zhou Rongrong , Fan Xuegong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation is a critical event in the development of hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). By the release of soluble cytokines, chemokines, and chemotaxis, HSCs affect HCC cell phenotypes through a complex tumor microenvironment. In this study, weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify the TGF‐β signaling pathway as a key signaling pathway in Hep3B cells cultured in HSC conditioned medium. MIR4435‐2HG is a hub lncRNA associated with the TGF‐β signaling pathway and HSC activation. HSC‐condition medium (CM) culture induced HCC cell malignant behaviors, which were partially reversed by MIR4435‐2HG silencing. miR‐506‐3p directly bound to MIR4435‐2HG and the 3′UTR of TGFB1. Similarly, overexpression of miR‐506‐3p also attenuated HSC‐CM‐induced malignant behavior of HCC cells. In HSC‐CM cultured HCC cells, the effects of MIR4435‐2HG knockdown on TGFB1 expression and HCC cell phenotypes were partially reversed by miR‐506‐3p inhibition. HSCs affected HCC cell phenotypes by releasing CXCL1. In an orthotopic xenotransplanted tumor model of HCC cells plus HSCs in mice, CXCR2 knockdown in HCC cells significantly inhibited tumorigenesis, which was partially reversed by MIR4435‐2HG overexpression in HCC cells. In HCC tissue samples, the levels of CXCL1, TGF‐β1, and MIR4435‐2HG were upregulated, while miR‐506‐3p expression was downregulated. In conclusion, HSC‐released CXCL1 aggravated HCC cell malignant behaviors through the MIR4435‐2HG/miR‐506‐3p/TGFB1 axis. In addition to CXCL1, the MIR4435‐2HG/miR‐506‐3p/TGFB1 axis might also be the underlying target for HCC therapy.
Maternal factors and risk of early childhood caries: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Foxman Betsy , Davis Elyse , Neiswanger Katherine , McNeil Daniel , Shaffer John , Marazita Mary L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the associations between time‐varying factors (mother's oral health, oral hygiene, smoking habits, diet, food insecurity and stress) socioeconomic factors (mother's employment, marital status, household income, insurance status, household size) and medical history on children's risk of developing a carious lesion in the first 3 years of life.MethodsLongitudinal data from the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia Cohort Two (COHRA2) were analysed. Pregnant women ≥18 years in the USA were recruited during pregnancy; all consenting women delivering at term and their babies had regular dental assessments and complete in‐person surveys and telephone interviews regarding sociodemographic factors, medical and dental history, and oral health behaviours.ResultsIn a logistic regression model adjusting for covariates, children whose mother had two or more prior pregnancies, smoked cigarettes post‐partum, or had a recent unfilled carious lesion were at least twice as likely to experience a dental lesion by the three‐year visit. The magnitude of these associations varied by maternal education and state of residence.ConclusionsUntreated maternal decay but not maternal oral hygiene or diet were associated with cumulative risk of childhood caries by age three but were modified by maternal education and state of residence. Addressing structural and behavioural issues that reduce use of restorative dental care are needed to prevent the adverse impacts associated with early childhood caries.
Detail‐Aware Deep Clothing Animations Infused with Multi‐Source Attributes
Authors: Li T. , Shi R. , Kanai T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a novel learning‐based clothing deformation method to generate rich and reasonable detailed deformations for garments worn by bodies of various shapes in various animations. In contrast to existing learning‐based methods, which require numerous trained models for different garment topologies or poses and are unable to easily realize rich details, we use a unified framework to produce high fidelity deformations efficiently and easily. Specifically, we first found that the fit between the garment and the body has an important impact on the degree of folds. We then designed an attribute parser to generate detail‐aware encodings and infused them into the graph neural network, therefore enhancing the discrimination of details under diverse attributes. Furthermore, to achieve better convergence and avoid overly smooth deformations, we proposed to reconstruct output to mitigate the complexity of the learning task. Experimental results show that our proposed deformation method achieves better performance over existing methods in terms of generalization ability and quality of details.
Literacy skills seem to fuel literacy enjoyment, rather than vice versa
Authors: van Bergen Elsje , Hart Sara A. , Latvala Antti , Vuoksimaa Eero , Tolvanen Asko , Torppa Minna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractChildren who like to read and write tend to be better at it. This association is typically interpreted as enjoyment impacting engagement in literacy activities, which boosts literacy skills. We fitted direction‐of‐causation models to partial data of 3690 Finnish twins aged 12. Literacy skills were rated by the twins’ teachers and literacy enjoyment by the twins themselves. A bivariate twin model showed substantial genetic influences on literacy skills (70%) and literacy enjoyment (35%). In both skills and enjoyment, shared‐environmental influences explained about 20% in each. The best‐fitting direction‐of‐causation model showed that skills impacted enjoyment, while the influence in the other direction was zero. The genetic influences on skills influenced enjoyment, likely via the skills→enjoyment path. This indicates an active gene‐environment correlation: children with an aptitude for good literacy skills are more likely to enjoy reading and seek out literacy activities. To a lesser extent, it was also the shared‐environmental influences on children's skills that propagated to influence children's literacy enjoyment. Environmental influences that foster children's literacy skills (e.g., families and schools), also foster children's love for reading and writing. These findings underline the importance of nurturing children's literacy skills.Highlights
It's known that how much children enjoy reading and writing and how good they are at it correlates ∼0.30, but causality remains unknown.
We tested the direction of causation in 3690 twins aged 12.
Literacy skills impacted literacy enjoyment, but not the other way around.
Genetics influence children's literacy skills and how much they like and choose to read and write, indicating genetic niche picking.
Impact of edema formation on functional outcome in pediatric stroke patients
Authors: Sporns Peter B. , Rusche Thilo , Lee Sarah , Hanning Uta , Meyer Lukas , Faizy Tobias , Fiehler Jens , Psychogios Marios , Kemmling Andre , Broocks Gabriel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundQuantitative lesion net water uptake (NWU) has been described as an imaging biomarker reflecting vasogenic edema as an early indicator of infarct progression. We hypothesized that edema formation measured by NWU is higher in children compared to adults but despite this functional outcome may be better in children.MethodsThis study analyzed children enrolled in the Save ChildS Study who had baseline and follow‐up computed tomography available and the data were compared to adult patients.ResultsSome 207 patients, of whom 13 were children and 194 were adults, were analyzed. Median NWU at baseline was 7.8% (IQR: 4.3–11.3), and there were no significant differences between children and adults (7.5% vs. 7.8%; p = 0.87). The early edema progression rate was 3.0%/h in children and 2.3%/h in adults. Median ΔNWU was 15.1% in children and 10.5% in adults. Children had significantly more often excellent (mRS 0–1; children 10/13 = 77% vs. adults 28/196 = 14%; p < 0.0001) and favorable clinical outcomes (mRS 0–2, 12/13 = 92% vs. 39/196 = 20%; p < 0.0001).ConclusionsIn this study, clinical outcomes in children with large vessel occlusion strokes were better than in adults despite similar clinical and imaging characteristics and similar edema formation. This may be impacted by the generally better outcomes of children after strokes but may demonstrate that the degree of early ischemic changes using Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) and edema progression rate may not be a reason for exclusion from endovascular thrombectomy.
Public views on the Covid‐19 immunity certificate: A scoping review
Authors: Barello Serena , Acampora Marta , Paleologo Michele , Schiavone Lavinia , Anderson Gloria , Graffigna Guendalina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionAlready in its first implementation, the introduction of the Covid‐19 immunity certificate has generated some debate among the public. This debate might be a hindrance to the effective realization of this policy. This study aimed to systematically review published research evaluating public feeling of the Covid‐19 immunity certificate policy measure and to find which factors might influence its acceptance.MethodsWe followed the scoping review methods manual by the Joanna Briggs Institute. We included studies with no time limits that presented novel data, and no exclusions have been made based on study design. We excluded articles that presented just expert opinions.ResultsWe found and reviewed 17 articles. The included studies were conducted in two main countries (the United Kingdom and Switzerland), with the rest from Israel, Italy, Spain, Germany, Australia, Taiwan and China. Both qualitative and quantitative studies were included, and nonrepresentative samples were mostly used to explore the public feeling about the Covid‐19 immunity certification. The included studies showed that public views on immunity certification are quite contradictory and influenced by age, gender, ethnicity, political orientation and attitudes towards Covid‐19 vaccination. The topic more often addressed by the included studies was the public's views on the positive and negative implications of the Covid‐19 immunity certificate in terms of ethical, legal and behavioural consequences of this measure.ConclusionThe varying acceptance rates are notable and may partly be linked to differences in demographics, Covid‐19 concerns and ideological beliefs, as seen in other health‐related tracking policies. Moreover, dominant factors behind the (un)success of this policy are complex and entangled with the cultural and political dimensions rather than being just technical. For this reason, it is important to expand psychosocial research to better understand the concerns behind health certifications and allow planning of culturally based and ethically sound suitable strategies. This would be very relevant to increasing public approval and compliance with this public health measure.Patient or Public ContributionThis does not apply to our work as it was a review paper.
Synthesis and characterization of precursor derived TiN@Si–Al–C–N ceramic nanocomposites for oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Awin Eranezhuth Wasan , Günther Timon E. , Loukrakpam Rameshwori , Schafföner Stefan , Roth Christina , Motz Günter 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe development of efficient and durable catalysts is critical for the commercialization of fuel cells, as the catalysts’ durability and reactivity dictate their ultimate lifetime and activity. In this work, amorphous silicon‐based ceramics (Si–C–N and Si–Al–C–N) and TiN@Si–Al–C–N nanocomposites were developed using a precursor derived ceramics approach. In TiN@Si–Al–C–N nanocomposites, TiN nanocrystals (with sizes in the range of 5–12 nm) were effectively anchored on an amorphous Si–Al–C–N support. The nanocomposites were found to be mesoporous in nature and exhibited a surface area as high as 132 m2/g. The average pore size of the nanocomposites was found to increase with an increase in the pyrolysis temperature, and a subsequent graphitization of free carbon was observed as revealed from the Raman spectra. The ceramics were investigated for electrocatalytic activity toward the oxygen reduction reaction using the rotating disk electrode method. The TiN@Si–Al–C–N nanocomposites showed an onset potential of 0.7 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode for oxygen reduction, which seems to indicate a 4‐electron pathway at the pyrolysis temperature of 1000°C in contrast to a 2‐electron pathway exhibited by the nanocomposites pyrolyzed at 750°C via the Koutecky–Levich plot.
Microbial gut evaluation in an angolan paediatric population with sickle cell disease
Authors: Delgadinho Mariana , Ginete Catarina , Santos Brígida , Mendes Joana , Miranda Armandina , Vasconcelos Jocelyne , Brito Miguel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common genetic conditions worldwide. It can contribute up to 90% of under‐5 mortality in sub‐Saharan Africa. Clinical manifestations are very heterogeneous, and the intestinal microbiome appears to be crucial in the modulation of inflammation, cell adhesion and induction of aged neutrophils, the main interveners of recurrent vaso‐occlusive crisis. Enterocyte injury, increased permeability, altered microbial composition and bacterial overgrowth have all been documented as microbial and pathophysiologic changes in the gut microbiome of SCD patients in recent studies. Our aim was to sequence the bacterial 16S rRNA gene in order to characterize the gut microbiome of Angolan children with SCA and healthy siblings as a control. A total of 72 stool samples were obtained from children between 3 and 14 years old. Our data showed that the two groups exhibit some notable differences in microbiota relative abundance at different classification levels. Children with SCA have a higher number of the phylum Actinobacteria. As for the genus level, Clostridium cluster XI bacteria was more prevalent in the SCA children, whereas the siblings had a higher abundance of Blautia, Aestuariispira, Campylobacter, Helicobacter, Polaribacter and Anaerorhabdus. In this study, we have presented the first microbiota analysis in an Angolan paediatric population with SCD and provided a detailed view of the microbial differences between patients and healthy controls. There is still much to learn before fully relying on the therapeutic approaches for gut modulation, which is why more research in this field is crucial to making this a reality.
Establishment of a five‐enzalutamide‐resistance‐related‐gene‐based classifier for recurrence‐free survival predicting of prostate cancer
Authors: Chen Jing , Meng Jialin , Liu Yi , Bian Zichen , Niu Qingsong , Chen Junyi , Zhou Jun , Zhang Li , Zhang Meng , Liang Chaozhao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo identify prostate cancer (PCa) patients with a high risk of recurrence is critical before delivering adjuvant treatment. We developed a classifier based on the Enzalutamide treatment resistance‐related genes to assist the currently available staging system in predicting the recurrence‐free survival (RFS) prognosis of PCa patients. We overlapped the DEGs from two datasets to obtain a more convincing Enzalutamide‐resistance‐related‐gene (ERRG) cluster. The five‐ERRG‐based classifier obtained good predictive values in both the training and validation cohorts. The classifier precisely predicted RFS of patients in four cohorts, independent of patient age, pathological tumour stage, Gleason score and PSA levels. The classifier and the clinicopathological factors were combined to construct a nomogram, which had an increased predictive accuracy than that of each variable alone. Besides, we also compared the differences between high‐ and low‐risk subgroups and found their differences were enriched in cancer progression‐related pathways. The five‐ERRG‐based classifier is a practical and reliable predictor, which adds value to the existing staging system for predicting the RFS prognosis of PCa after radical prostatectomy, enabling physicians to make more informed treatment decisions concerning adjuvant therapy.
Arms race and fluctuating selection dynamics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria coevolving with phage OMKO1
Authors: Kortright Kaitlyn E. , Chan Benjamin K. , Evans Benjamin R. , Turner Paul E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExperimental evolution studies have examined coevolutionary dynamics between bacteria and lytic phages, where two models for antagonistic coevolution dominate: arms‐race dynamics (ARD) and fluctuating‐selection dynamics (FSD). Here, we tested the ability for Pseudomonas aeruginosa to coevolve with phage OMKO1 during 10 passages in the laboratory, whether ARD versus FSD coevolution occurred, and how coevolution affected a predicted phenotypic trade‐off between phage resistance and antibiotic sensitivity. We used a unique “deep” sampling design, where 96 bacterial clones per passage were obtained from the three replicate coevolving communities. Next, we examined phenotypic changes in growth ability, susceptibility to phage infection and resistance to antibiotics. Results confirmed that the bacteria and phages coexisted throughout the study with one community undergoing ARD, whereas the other two showed evidence for FSD. Surprisingly, only the ARD bacteria demonstrated the anticipated trade‐off. Whole genome sequencing revealed that treatment populations of bacteria accrued more de novo mutations, relative to a control bacterial population. Additionally, coevolved bacteria presented mutations in genes for biosynthesis of flagella, type‐IV pilus and lipopolysaccharide, with three mutations fixing contemporaneously with the occurrence of the phenotypic trade‐off in the ARD‐coevolved bacteria. Our study demonstrates that both ARD and FSD coevolution outcomes are possible in a single interacting bacteria‐phage system and that occurrence of predicted phage‐driven evolutionary trade‐offs may depend on the genetics underlying evolution of phage resistance in bacteria. These results are relevant for the ongoing development of lytic phages, such as OMKO1, in personalized treatment of human patients, as an alternative to antibiotics.
Property rights and market behavior in thelow‐incomehousing sector: Evidence from Chile
Authors: Gil Diego , Celhay Pablo A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecent decades have seen a strong commitment in development theory and practice toward the idea of promoting homeownership among low‐income families, partly based on the idea that property formalization constitutes an important vehicle for social mobility and economic development. However, the empirical evidence on this theory is not conclusive. This paper aims to explore this idea using evidence from Chile, a country that has shown high success in moving low‐income families from the informal to the formal housing sector. The data for the analysis comes from a comprehensive survey conducted in 2008 with a representative sample of two groups of low‐income households in Santiago: The first group living in an irregular settlement and the second living in subsidized formal housing. Through the use of statistical methods that allow comparison of these samples (matching strategies), we find that market behavior among both groups are not considerably different. The analysis shows that there are no statistically significant differences between the two groups with respect to savings and investments in their homes. The only relevant difference we find is that individuals living in formal housing have more access to loans from commercial stores relative to informal dwellers. We argue that the type of geographical relocation to formal housing may affect the market behavior of low‐income owners more than tenure security, in a direction that does not necessary benefit their socioeconomic situation.