bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Point‐of‐care magnetic resonance technology to measure liver fat: Phantom and first‐in‐human pilot study
Authors: Barahman Mark , Grunvald Eduardo , Prado Pablo J. , Bussandri Alejandro , Henderson Walter C. , Wolfson Tanya , Fowler Kathryn J. , Sirlin Claude B. 
Published: May 2022

PurposeTo assess feasibility and accuracy of point‐of‐care (POC) NMR‐proton density fat fraction (PDFF) in phantoms and in a human pilot study in a POC setting.MethodsPOC NMR (LiverScope, Livivos, San Diego CA) PDFF measurements were obtained of certified phantoms with known PDFF values (0%‐40%). In an institutional review board‐approved, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act‐compliant prospective human study, a convenience sample of participants from an obesity clinic was enrolled (November 2020 to June 2021). The inclusion criteria required body mass index (BMI) = 27‐40 kg/m2 and willingness to undergo POC NMR and MRI‐PDFF measurements. Liver PDFF was measured by POC NMR and, within 35 days after, by a confounder corrected CSE MRI PDFF acquisition and reconstruction method. The adverse events were documented and linear regression analyses were performed.ResultsPOC NMR‐PDFF measurements agreed with known phantom PDFF values (R2 = 0.99). Fourteen participants were enrolled in the pilot human study. MRI‐PDFF could not be obtained in 4 participants (claustrophobia reaction, n = 3, exceeded size of MR scanner bore, n = 1). POC NMR was unevaluable in 2 participants (insufficient signal penetration depth, n = 1, failure to comply with instructions, n = 1). Technical success was 11 of 13 (85%) for POC NMR PDFF. In 7 participants (4 female; 31‐74 years old; median BMI 35 kg/m2), MRI‐PDFF (range, 2.8%‐18.1%), and POC NMR‐PDFF (range, 3%‐25.2%), agreed with R2 = 0.94. POC NMR had no adverse events.ConclusionPOC NMR measures PDFF accurately in phantoms and, in a first‐in‐human pilot study, is feasible and accurate in adults with obesity. Further testing to determine precision and accuracy across larger and more diverse cohorts is needed.
Pulmonary embolism associated with oral cancer: A three‐case report and literature review
Authors: Uchida Fumihiko , Yamagata Kenji , Takaoka Shohei , Fukuzawa Satoshi , Ishibashi‐Kanno Naomi , Bukawa Hiroki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundVenous thromboembolism (VTE), including pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), is known to occur frequently during the perioperative period. Particularly, patients with oral cancer (OC) who undergo reconstructive surgery are at risk of VTE in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Additionally, chemotherapy is an independent risk factor for thromboembolic events in patients with cancer.Case PresentationIn this report, we present three cases that developed PE during OC treatment. One case developed PE during chemotherapy, and the other two cases developed PE and DVT during chemoradiotherapy and the perioperative period.ConclusionBefore treatment, the risk assessment should be undertaken in patients with OC who undergo surgery or chemotherapy.
Physical mechanical, tribological, and thermal properties of new developed composites with Grewia optiva fiber and pan material
Authors: Kumar Naresh , Mehta Vikas , Kumar Sushil , Grewal Jaswinder Singh , Ali Safarat , Kashyap Kamal , Kumar Nitin , Devi Seema 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis research article has developed a novel composite material using natural fiber and PAN fiber. The study aims to remove harmful materials from the composites on the market these days. Asbestos and aramid fiber has good properties and is used in those composites where good mechanical properties are needed. However, using these materials causes many environmental issues and harms humans and other animals. There are very rare studies of PAN and natural fiber based hybrid composites. So Grewia optiva, which has good mechanical properties, and PAN fiber, which has good tribological properties, has been used to develop composites. The percentages of both materials were taken (4–16 wt%) with other ingredients such as phenolic resin, G. optiva fiber, PAN fiber/Kevlar, and lapinus ceramic, potassium barium, titan, mica, and ceramic. The developed composites have shown physical, mechanical, and tribological properties.
Evaluating adherence to concomitant diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia treatments and intermediate outcomes among elderly patients using marginal structural modeling
Authors: Paranjpe Rutugandha , Johnson Michael L. , Chen Hua , Birtcher Kim , Serna Omar , Mohan Anjana , Abughosh Susan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeMedication adherence to concomitant oral antidiabetics, statins, and renin‐angiotensin system (RAS) antagonists (triple therapy) is vital to manage glycated hemoglobin (A1C) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) control among patients with comorbid diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the association between adherence to concomitant triple therapy and A1C as well as LDL‐C outcomes, among elderly patients using marginal structural modeling.MethodsA retrospective cohort study with patients on concurrent triple therapy was conducted using a Texas Medicare Advantage database from January 2016 until December 2019. Medication adherence to concurrent triple therapy was measured every 6 months using proportion of days covered (PDC) to determine the different adherence groups. A1C and LDL‐C control was also measured every 6 months. A marginal structural model controlling for baseline covariates and time‐varying confounders affected by prior adherence was conducted to evaluate the association between adherence to concomitant triple therapy and A1C and LDL‐C control.ResultsThe LDL‐C cohort was comprised of 4803 patients and the A1C cohort was comprised of 5314 patients on triple therapy. Patients who were adherent to triple therapy [odds ratio(OR):1.84, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.62–2.10] and adherent to double therapy (OR:1.42, 95% CI: 1.24–1.62) were more likely to have their LDL‐C in control as compared to patient's adherent to monotherapy/none. Similarly, patients who were adherent to triple therapy (OR:1.30, 95% CI: 1.11–1.52) and adherent to double therapy (OR:1.32, 95% CI: 1.12–1.55) were more likely to have their A1C in control as compared to patient's adherent to monotherapy/none.ConclusionThe current study demonstrated the beneficial effects of adherence to concurrent oral antidiabetics, statins, and RAS antagonists among elderly patients in a real‐world setting.
Complete coverage path planning and performance factor analysis for autonomous bulldozer
Authors: Li Rao , Zhou Cheng , Dou Quanli , Hu Bin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWith the development of intelligent machinery, path planning of autonomous bulldozers plays an important role to solve the problems of efficiency in future construction sites. How to plan the path that meets the construction requirements is the key problem. This study investigates the standardized construction workmanship and moving rules of the bulldozer to add rules and path selection strategies to the algorithm. This study establishes the path planning model of bulldozer's leveling, considering the limitations of the traditional bioinspired neural network algorithm, an improved complete coverage path planning method is proposed. An integrated framework is proposed for an automatic bulldozer with a sensor system for a field experiment to verify the feasibility of the method. According to the comparative statistical simulation results, the effectiveness of the method is verified, and the effects of different factors on the path planning results are analyzed.
A systematic framework for continuous monitoring of land use and vegetation dynamics in multiple heterogeneous mine sites
Authors: Jiang Yan , Liu Shuguang , Liu Maochou , Peng Xi , Liao Xiaoping , Wang Zhao , Gao Haiqiang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractVegetation dynamics and land use information are significant for a better understanding of the ecological consequences of multiple mining activities. However, the high spatial heterogeneity of mine sites and diverse disturbance and recovery pathways make it a challenge to understand the dynamics of multiple mine sites over large areas. Here, we proposed a general framework for continuous monitoring of land use and vegetation dynamics in multiple mine sites and applied it to Pingxiang, China. First, annual land use and land cover (LULC) maps from 2000 to 2019 were generated using a modified Continuous Change Detection and Classification approach (CCDC). Second, the locations and extents of 86 mine sites on different scales were mapped individually and then aggregated into five groups according to the similarity and differences of vegetation change. Vegetation dynamics showed great heterogeneity across sites driven primarily by the spatial‐temporal variation in types and intensity of land use activities in and around the mine sites. We found the impact distance was typically 500–700 m in the region, but can be smaller than the potential impact distance in areas with land use activities. The long‐term slow recovery of vegetation conditions at some sites indicates that it might be a challenge to improve vegetation conditions naturally in a short time and human‐assisted restoration measures may be required. The systematic framework proposed in this study can be used to establish comprehensive and spatially‐explicit mine datasets at the regional scale, essential for understanding the dynamics and ecological consequences of multiple mining activities and coordinated management and restoration of heterogeneous mine sites.
Coeliac disease re‐screening among once seronegative at‐risk relatives: A long‐term follow‐up study
Authors: Paavola Saana , Kurppa Kalle , Huhtala Heini , Saavalainen Päivi , Lindfors Katri , Kaukinen Katri 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundSerological screening of the relatives of coeliac disease patients is widely endorsed. However, the need for and the optimal timing of possible re‐testing of once seronegative at‐risk individuals for coeliac disease remain unclear.ObjectiveWe investigated this issue by inviting a large cohort of previously screening‐negative relatives of patients with coeliac disease to participate in a follow‐up study.MethodsAltogether 599 relatives of coeliac disease index patients not diagnosed with coeliac disease in a screening study carried out in 2006–2010 were asked about possible later diagnosis or re‐tested with coeliac disease autoantibodies in 2017–2021. Besides incidence, the possible impact of various patient‐related clinical factors and HLA haplotype on the later diagnosis or screening positivity was examined.ResultsFifteen (2.5%) relatives were either diagnosed with a coeliac disease (n = 8) during the follow‐up period or were found to be screening‐positive in the re‐testing (n = 7), giving a combined annual incidence of 221/100,000 person‐years in all relatives and 336/100,000 among those carrying coeliac disease‐associated HLA DQ2/DQ8. The new cases more often carried the high‐risk (DQ2.5/2.5 or DQ2.5/2.2; 35.7% vs. 7.4%, respectively, p < 0.001) HLA and were younger at initial screening (23.3 vs. 40.5 years, p = 0.028) and – in spite of a negative screening outcome – had higher median transglutaminase antibody level in the first study than those not affected. There were no significant differences between the affected and non‐affected relatives in other demographic data, degree of kinship with the index, current symptoms or frequency of chronic co‐morbidities.ConclusionThe incidence rate for later coeliac disease diagnosis or new seropositivity in relatives who had been tested once was 221/100,000 person‐years in all and 336/100,000 among those carrying at‐risk HLA genetics after ∼10 years of follow‐up. HLA‐typing could help to target a subgroup of relatives who would benefit most from re‐testing.
Detecting Circadian Rhythms in Human Red Blood Cells by Dielectrophoresis
Authors: Beale Andrew D. , Labeed Fatima H. , Kitcatt Stephen J. , O’Neill John S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDielectrophoresis (DEP) enables the measurement of population-level electrophysiology in many cell types by examining their interaction with an externally applied electric field. Here we describe the application of DEP to the measurement of circadian rhythms in a non-nucleated cell type, the human red blood cell. Using DEP, population-level electrophysiology of ~20,000 red blood cells can be measured from start to finish in less than 3 min, and can be repeated over several days to reveal cell-autonomous daily regulation of membrane electrophysiology. This method is amenable to the characterization of circadian rhythms by altering entrainment and free-run conditions or through pharmacological perturbation.
Gauging the bulk: generalized gauging maps and holographic codes
Authors: Dolev Kfir , Calvera Vladimir , Cree Samuel S. , Williamson Dominic J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Gauging is a general procedure for mapping a quantum many-body system with a global symmetry to one with a local gauge symmetry. We consider a generalized gauging map that does not enforce gauge symmetry at all lattice sites, and show that it is an isometry on the full input space including all charged sectors. We apply this generalized gauging map to convert global-symmetric bulk systems of holographic codes to gauge-symmetric bulk systems, and vice versa, while preserving duality with a global-symmetric boundary. We separately construct holographic codes with gauge-symmetric bulk systems by directly imposing gauge-invariance constraints onto existing holographic codes, and show that the resulting bulk gauge symmetries are dual to boundary global symmetries. Combining these ideas produces a toy model that captures several interesting features of holography — it exhibits a rudimentary sort of dynamical duality, can be modified to demonstrate the relationship between metric fluctuations and approximate error-correction, and serves as an illustration for certain no-go theorems concerning symmetries in holography. Finally, we apply the generalized gauging map to construct codes with arbitrary transversal gate sets — for any compact Lie group, we use a symmetry-preserving truncation scheme to construct covariant finite-dimensional approximate holographic codes.
Beeinflusst NoL-Monitoring den Opioidbedarf bei Da-Vinci-Prostatektomien?
Authors: Niebhagen F. , Golde C. , Koch T. , Hübler M. 
Published: May 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Gabe von Opioiden zur Schmerzunterdrückung spielt eine zentrale Rolle in der modernen Anästhesiologie. Messungen von Hypnosetiefe und Muskelrelaxierung sind im Gegensatz zur Schmerzmessung seit Jahren etabliert. Seit Kurzem ist das PMD200 („Pain Monitoring System“; Fa. Medasense Biometrics™ Ltd., Ramat-Gan, Israel) verfügbar. Dieser Schmerzmonitor misst nichtinvasiv und errechnet einen dimensionslosen Schmerzindex („nociceptor level“, NoL). Die Validität und Zuverlässigkeit des Verfahrens sind Gegenstand von klinischen Studien.

Fragestellung
Reduziert die Verwendung des PMD200 die Gabe von Analgetika während einer Da-Vinci-Prostatektomie?

Material und Methoden
In die Studie wurden 50 Patienten aufgenommen. Nach gewichtsadaptierter Sufentanilgabe zur Narkoseinduktion und einem 10 µg Bolus vor Hautschnitt erfolgte die intraoperative Analgesie durch subjektive Entscheidung (CONT) oder aufgrund eines erhöhten NoL-Index (INT). Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte durch Mann-Whitney-U-, Kolmogorow-Smirnow-Test und Levene-Statistik.

Ergebnisse
In der INT-Gruppe war die Anzahl der Sufentanilboli/h nicht signifikant geringer als in der CONT-Gruppe (p = 0,065). Die Varianz der Sufentanilgaben unterschied sich signifikant (p = 0,033). In der CONT-Gruppe war die Applikation normal verteilt (p = 0,2), in der INT-Gruppe hingegen nicht (p = 0,003).

Diskussion
Eine mögliche Interpretation der Daten ist, dass die Schmerzmittelgabe in der INT-Gruppe individualisierter erfolgte, d. h., es wurden nichterforderliche Schmerzmittelgaben vermieden, und gleichzeitig detektierte das NoL-Monitoring einzelne Patienten mit deutlich erhöhtem Schmerzmittelbedarf. Diese Schlussfolgerung ist nur unter der Voraussetzung zulässig, dass das PMD200 auch tatsächlich die Entität Schmerz misst.
Einheitliche Basisversorgung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Long COVID
Authors: Töpfner Nicole ,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Infektiologie e. V. (DGPI), Alberer Martin , Ankermann Tobias ,   Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Pneumologie e. V. (GPP), Bender Stephan ,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie e. V. (DGKJP), Berner Reinhard , de Laffolie Jan ,   Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Gastroenterologie und Ernährung e. V. (GPGE), Dingemann Jens ,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kinderchirurgie e. V. (DGKCH), Heinicke Dirk ,   Bündnis Kinder- und Jugendreha e. V. (BKJR), Haas Johannes Peter ,   Gesellschaft für Kinder- und Jugendrheumatologie (GKJR), Hufnagel Markus , Hummel Thomas ,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie e. V. (DGHNO-KHC), Huppertz Hans-Iko ,   Deutsche Akademie für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin (DAKJ), Knuf Markus , Kobbe Robin , Lücke Thomas ,   Gesellschaft für Neuropädiatrie e. V. (GNP), Riedel Joachim ,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sozialpädiatrie und Jugendmedizin (DGSPJ), Rosenecker Josef ,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Rehabilitation und Prävention e. V. (DGpRP), Wölfle Joachim ,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kinderendokrinologie und -diabetologie e. V. (DGKED), Schneider Barbara ,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin e. V. (DGSM), Schneider Dominik ,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin e. V. (DGKJ), Schriever Valentin ,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie e. V. (DGHNO-KHC), Schroeder Anne ,   Gesellschaft für Neuropsychologie (GNP), Stojanov Silvia , Tenenbaum Tobias , Trapp Stefan ,   Berufsverband der Kinder- und Jugendärzte e. V. (BVKJ), Vilser Daniel ,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Kardiologie und Angeborene Herzfehler e. V. (DGPK), Brinkmann Folke , Behrends Uta 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDas vorliegende Konsensuspapier bietet in Ergänzung zur AWMF-S1-Leitlinie eine Übersicht über die verschiedenen klinischen Aspekte vonLong COVIDim Kindes- und Jugendalter. Es wurde von Vertreter:innen aus 19 Fachgesellschaften des DGKJ-Konvents und kooperierenden Fachgesellschaften erstellt und bietet Expertenempfehlungen für die Praxis auf Grundlage der bisherigen, noch geringen studienbasierten Evidenz zuLong COVIDim Kindes- und Jugendalter. Es enthält Screeningfragen zuLong COVIDsowie einen Vorschlag zur strukturierten, standardisierten pädiatrischen Anamnese und zur diagnostischen Evaluation bei V. a.Long COVID. Dazu werden ein zeit- und ressourcensparender Erfassungsbogen, der die Komplexität des Krankheitsbildes berücksichtigt, über die Internetseiten der DGKJ und DGPI zur Verfügung gestellt und weitere Fragebögen zur Abklärung von spezifischen neurokognitiven und/oder psychischen Störungen sowie post-exertioneller Malaise (PEM) und myalgischer Enzephalomyelitis/chronischem Fatigue-Syndrom (ME/CFS) benannt. Anhand der jeweiligen anamnestisch und klinisch ermittelten Hauptsymptome werden ein gestuftes, diagnostisches Vorgehen und eine multidisziplinäre Betreuung empfohlen.
A machine learning approach to detecting fraudulent job types
Authors: Naudé Marcel , Adebayo Kolawole John , Nanda Rohan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractJob seekers find themselves increasingly duped and misled by fraudulent job advertisements, posing a threat to their privacy, security and well-being. There is a clear need for solutions that can protect innocent job seekers. Existing approaches to detecting fraudulent jobs do not scale well, function like a black-box, and lack interpretability, which is essential to guide applicants’ decision-making. Moreover, commonly used lexical features may be insufficient as the representation does not capture contextual semantics of the underlying document. Hence, this paper explores to what extent different categorizations of fraudulent jobs can be classified. In addition, this paper seeks to find what type of features are most relevant in classifying the type of fraudulent job. In this paper, we develop and validate a machine learning system for identifying identity theft, corporate identity theft and multi-level marketing amongst fraudulent job advertisements. We utilized four classes of features: empirical rule set-based features, bag-of-word models, most recent state-of-the-art word embeddings and transformer models for various machine learning classifiers. The machine learning models were validated by evaluating them on a publicly available job description dataset. Our results indicate that the word embeddings and transformer-based features consistently outperformed the handcrafted rule-set based features class. Ultimately, a Gradient Boosting classifier with a combination of empirical rule-set based features, parts-of-speech tags and bag-of-words vectors achieved the best performance with an F1-score of 0.88.
Visual odometry algorithm based on geometric prior for dynamic environments
Authors: Xu Gang , Yu Ze , Xing Guangxin , Zhang Xingyu , Pan Feng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSimultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is considered to be an important way for some smart devices to perform automatic path planning, and many successful SLAM systems have been developed in the past few years. Most existing approaches rely heavily on static world assumptions, and such strong assumptions limit the application of most vSLAM (visual SLAM) in complex dynamic reality environments, where dynamic objects often lead to incorrect data association in tracking, which reduces the overall accuracy and robustness of the system and causes tracking crashes. The dynamic objects in the map may change over time; thus, distinguishing dynamic information in a scene is challenging. In order to solve the interference problem of dynamic objects, most point-based visual odometry algorithms have concentrated on feature matching or direct pixel intensity matching, disregarding an ordinary but crucial image entity: geometric information. In this article, we put forward a novel visual odometry algorithm based on dynamic point detection methods called geometric prior and constraints. It removes the moving objects by combining the spatial geometric information of the image and depends on the remaining features to estimate the position of the camera. To the best of our knowledge, our proposed algorithm achieves superior performance over existing methods on a variety of public datasets.