bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incorporating rivalry in reinforcement learning for a competitive game
Authors: Barros Pablo , Yalçın Özge Nilay , Tanevska Ana , Sciutti Alessandra 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecent advances in reinforcement learning with social agents have allowed such models to achieve human-level performance on certain interaction tasks. However, most interactive scenarios do not have performance alone as an end-goal; instead, the social impact of these agents when interacting with humans is as important and largely unexplored. In this regard, this work proposes a novel reinforcement learning mechanism based on the social impact of rivalry behavior. Our proposed model aggregates objective and social perception mechanisms to derive a rivalry score that is used to modulate the learning of artificial agents. To investigate our proposed model, we design an interactive game scenario, using the Chef’s Hat Card Game, and examine how the rivalry modulation changes the agent’s playing style, and how this impacts the experience of human players on the game. Our results show that humans can detect specific social characteristics when playing against rival agents when compared to common agents, which affects directly the performance of the human players in subsequent games. We conclude our work by discussing how the different social and objective features that compose the artificial rivalry score contribute to our results.
Application of streaming analytics for Artificial Lift systems: a human-in-the-loop approach for analysing clustered time-series data from progressive cavity pumps
Authors: Saghir Fahd , Gonzalez Perdomo M. E. , Behrenbruch Peter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAssessing real-time performance of Artificial Lift Pumps is a prevalent time-series problem to tackle for natural gas operators in Eastern Australia. Multiple physics, data-driven, and hybrid approaches have been investigated to analyse or predict pump performance. However, these methods present a challenge in running compute-heavy algorithms on streaming time-series data. As there is limited research on novel approaches to tackle multivariate time-series analytics for Artificial Lift systems, this paper introduces a human-in-the-loop approach, where petroleum engineers label clustered time-series data to aid in streaming analytics. We rely on our recently developed novel approach of converting streaming time-series data into heatmap images to assist with real-time pump performance analytics. During this study, we were able to automate the labelling of streaming time-series data, which helped petroleum and well surveillance engineers better manage Artificial Lift Pumps through machine learning supported exception-based surveillance. The streaming analytics system developed as part of this research used historical time-series data from three hundred and fifty-nine (359) coal seam gas wells. The developed method is currently used by two natural gas operators, where the operators can accurately detect ten (10) performance-related events and five (5) anomalous events. This paper serves a two-fold purpose; first, we describe a step-by-step methodology that readers can use to reproduce the clustering method for multivariate time-series data. Second, we demonstrate how a human-in-the-loop approach adds value to the proposed method and achieves real-world results.
Fractional order model of micropolar thermoelasticity and 2D half-space problem
Authors: Sherief Hany H. , Hussein Eman M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this manuscript, the generalized micropolar theory of thermoelasticity is modified using fractional calculus. The revised equations are used to solve a problem for a half-space whose boundary is rigidly fixed and subjected to an axisymmetric thermal shock. Laplace and Hankel transform techniques are used. The analytical solution in the transform domain is obtained by using a new direct approach without the customary use of potential functions. By using a numerical method based on the Fourier expansion technique, the inverse of the double transform can be obtained. The numerical results for displacement, microrotation, stress, micro-stress, and temperature are obtained and represented graphically. Comparisons are made with the results of the older theory.
Beyond descriptive taxonomies in data analytics: a systematic evaluation approach for data-driven method pipelines
Authors: Zschech Patrick 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTaxonomies can serve as a valuable tool to capture dimensions and characteristics of data analytics solutions in a structured manner and thus create transparency about different design options of the technical solution space. However, previous taxonomic approaches often remain at a purely descriptive level without leveraging morphological structures to investigate the mechanisms between different combinatorial options given in data analytics pipelines. To this end, we propose a taxonomic evaluation approach to evaluate and construct the technical core of analytical information systems more systematically. Specifically, we present a rough guidance model consisting of four steps, which we subsequently instantiate with two application scenarios from the fields of industrial maintenance and predictive business process monitoring. In this way, we demonstrate how taxonomic frameworks can guide the creation of structured evaluation studies to consider the construction and assessment of data analytics pipelines in a multi-perspective and holistic manner. Our approach is sufficiently generic to be applied to various domains, scenarios, and decision support tasks.
Associations between playing free-to-play sports gambling predictor games and online sports betting frequency for men in the United Kingdom
Authors: Wilson Charley , Butler Nadia , Quigg Zara 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aim
This study aimed to describe associations between playing predictor games and online sports betting behaviours, and problem gambling.

Methods
An online survey using a convenience sample was completed by males aged 18 + years, living in the United Kingdom, and having participated in any gambling activity in the past year (n = 384). The survey asked questions about sociodemographics, gambling behaviours and predictor game playing behaviours. The Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) tool was used to determine existence of at-risk and problem gambling. Bivariate analyses using X2, and multivariate analyses using binary logistic regressions were carried out.

Results
Predictor games were played by 45.8% of all participants. In bivariate analyses, there was an association between predictor game playing and age (p = 0.019), with predictor game playing most prevalent in the age group 18–24 years 51.8%. In bivariate analysis, there was a significant graded relationship between playing predictor games and PGSI group (p < 0.001), with predictor game playing most prevalent among those with problem gambling 76.9%. In multivariate analysis, after controlling for sociodemographics and PGSI group, those who played predictor games were 2.80 (1.65–4.74 p < 0.001) times more likely to engage in high frequency online sports gambling than those who did not play predictor games.

Conclusions
This study suggests there may be links between playing predictor games and gambling harms through increased frequency of online sports gambling, particularly amongst already vulnerable groups. Policy options placing restrictions on the most harmful inducements – one of which being predictor games – must be considered to protect against gambling harms.
Sympathetic solar flare: characteristics and homogeneities
Authors: Mawad Ramy , Moussas Xenophon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe studied 2204 sympathetic flares detected by the GOES during 1975–2017. Sympathetic flares have nearby, or homogeneous, GOES classes. The secondary solar flare is just a mirror image of the primary solar flare of the sympathetic flare. It has two types: 1) Twins: This type represents most of them (∼78.6%). 2) Non-twins: It is an associated heterogeneous pair of solar flares. A negative relationship between the interval between the start times of primary and secondary flares was found with the duration of the primary flare with the solar cycle progress. Also, the stronger the solar cycle, the lower the maximum value of the timing ratio at the quiet Sun’s epoch, while the timing ratio’s value reaches a higher value during the weaker cycles. A positive relationship between the angular distance between pairs of sympathetic flares and SSN has been found. During the epoch of the active sun, the distance is as far as possible, while that distance becomes shorter during the epoch of the quiet sun. Sympathetic flares are equatorial in alignment. The higher inclination (slope of about −20° each cycle) is associated with the X-Class of the primary flare. It is more than this non-association. We found that the time series of inclinations is given a “Wings diagram” diagram.
Factors affecting the availability of data on East African wildlife: the monitoring needs of conservationists are not being met
Authors: Moreno Inès , Gippet Jérôme Marcel Walter , Fumagalli Luca , Stephenson P. J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the status and abundance of species is essential for effective conservation decision-making. However, the availability of species data varies across space, taxonomic groups and data types. A case study was therefore conducted in a high biodiversity region—East Africa—to evaluate data biases, the factors influencing data availability, and the consequences for conservation. In each of the eleven target countries, priority animal species were identified as threatened species that are protected by national governments, international conventions or conservation NGOs. We assessed data gaps and biases in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, the Global Biodiversity Information Facility and the Living Planet Index. A survey of practitioners and decision makers was conducted to confirm and assess consequences of these biases on biodiversity conservation efforts. Our results showed data on species occurrence and population trends were available for a significantly higher proportion of vertebrates than invertebrates. We observed a geographical bias, with higher tourism income countries having more priority species and more species with data than lower tourism income countries. Conservationists surveyed felt that, of the 40 types of data investigated, those data that are most important to conservation projects are the most difficult to access. The main challenges to data accessibility are excessive expense, technological challenges, and a lack of resources to process and analyse data. With this information, practitioners and decision makers can prioritise how and where to fill gaps to improve data availability and use, and ensure biodiversity monitoring is improved and conservation impacts enhanced.
Explanation and Agency: exploring the normative-epistemic landscape of the “Right to Explanation”
Authors: Jongepier Fleur , Keymolen Esther 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA large part of the explainable AI literature focuses on what explanations are in general, what algorithmic explainability is more specifically, and how to code these principles of explainability into AI systems. Much less attention has been devoted to the question of why algorithmic decisions and systems should be explainable and whether there ought to be a right to explanation and why. We therefore explore the normative landscape of the need for AI to be explainable and individuals having a right to such explanation. This exploration is particularly relevant to the medical domain where the (im)possibility of explainable AI is high on both the research and practitioners’ agenda. The dominant intuition overall is that explainability has and should play a key role in the health context. Notwithstanding the strong normative intuition for having a right to explanation, intuitions can be wrong. So, we need more than an appeal to intuitions when it comes to explaining the normative significance of having a right to explanation when being subject to AI-based decision-making. The aim of the paper is therefore to provide an account of what might underlie the normative intuition. We defend the ‘symmetry thesis’ according to which there is no special normative reason to have a right to explanation when ‘machines’ in the broad sense, make decisions, recommend treatment, discover tumors, and so on. Instead, we argue that we have a right to explanation in cases that involve automated processing that significantly affect our core deliberative agency and which we do not understand, because we have a general moral right to explanation when choices are made which significantly affect us but which we do not understand.
Price-Rising Competition: a Higher Market Price When a Monopoly Faces a Small Entrant
Authors: Shao Jing , Chen Huanhuan , Li Jinke 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The UK retail electricity market revealed (i) the co-occurrence between a declining market concentration and an increasing price and (ii) price differentiation between incumbents and small suppliers. We construct an infinite sequential game in which a monopoly faces a small entrant and find an equilibrium where both players are not motivated to deviate. However, this equilibrium imposes a condition on the values of model parameters. If the condition is unmet, the interactions between the two players will be unending. Nonetheless, we suggest that two states where at least one player is not motivated to deviate could be a place to settle, but the choice depends on which player is more concerned about market stability. Besides, the two observations are found in equilibrium and two states. Finally, we argue that the finding is jointly contributed by four features: small entrant with a lower marginal cost and constrained capacity, switching costs, and barriers to entry. If any feature is relaxed, the entry of the small firm will not lead to a rising market price.
Recycled Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) as Food Packaging: Effect of Multiple Melt Processing on Packaging Performance and Food Contact Suitability
Authors: Dedieu Isabelle , Aouf Chahinez , Gaucel Sebastien , Peyron Stéphane 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study examines the opportunity of using recycled poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) (PHBV) as food packaging. The recyclability was evaluated by assessing the effect of repeated polymer processing (up to four extrusion cycles) on the structural and barrier properties of the material, as well as its ability to produce neo-formed chemicals susceptible to migrate into food. It was shown that increasing the number of processing cycles results in a decrease of the polymer molecular weight, leading to a decrease of mechanical properties, balanced by a maintenance of the crystalline structure and of the thermal stability. The oxygen and water vapour transfer properties were also maintained after four cycles suggesting that r-PHBV-based packaging can retain its property and use panel. The specific migration of crotonic acid, one of the main products of the thermomechanical degradation of the PHBV was measured in three different food simulants. In all cases, it did not exceed the specific migration limit (SML) set at 0.05 mg/Kg food, revealing the food contact suitability of non-contaminated recycled PHBV under test conditions.
Identification, isolation, and characterization of a novel type of Fukushima-derived microparticle
Authors: Macsik Zsuzsanna , Hudston Lisa A. , Wurth Kimberly N. , Meininger Daniel , Jesinghaus Christian , Tenner Travis J. , Naes Benjamin E. , Boswell Mitzi , Shozugawa Katsumi , LaMont Stephen P. , Steiner Robert E. , Steinhauser Georg 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the course of the Fukushima nuclear accident, radionuclides were released in various forms, including so-called radiocesium-bearing microparticles (CsMP). So far, four types of CsMP were described: Type A is smaller in size (< 10 μm), Types B, C, and D are larger (> 100 μm). In this work, we present a novel type of CsMP (proclaimed Type E). Three particles of Type E were extracted from a contaminated blade of grass that was sampled 1.5 km from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in late 2011. They were located using autoradiography, isolated using an optical microscope and micromanipulator, and characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and low-level gamma-ray spectrometry. Type E CsMPs are 10–20 μm in size and exhibit an unusually low and barely detectable 137Cs activity of only ≤ 10 mBq per particle. Their brittle and fragile character may indicate a high surface tension.
Gravity Data Imaging Using Local Wavenumber-Based Algorithm: Sustainable Development Cases Studies
Authors: Elhussein Mahmoud , Diab Zein E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA fast effective inversion algorithm is proposed herein to interpret gravitational responses caused by mineralized/ore sources (sphere, vertical and horizontal cylinders). The algorithm relies on local wavenumber and correlation imaging techniques. The correlation factor (R) between the local wavenumber of observed gravitational field and that of computed field was calculated, and the maximum Rmax was considered to correspond to the best true model (parameters). The proposed algorithm was applied to two theoretical examples, including an example contaminated with regional background and another multisource example. Besides, the proposed approach was used on three different real field cases for mining/ore investigation from Canada and Cuba. From the results obtained from the theoretical and real examples and by comparing the results with drilling and literature information, it was concluded that the method is effective, is applicable even for more than one source, is accurate, and does not necessitate any prior knowledge of the source shape.
PSMA-1007 Uptake in Ganglia of the Sympathetic Trunk and Its Intra-individual Reproducibility
Authors: Mamlins E. , Schmitt D. , Beu M. , Mattes-György K. , Henke J. M. , Antke C. , Novruzov E. , Cardinale J. , Kirchner J. , Niegisch G. , Radtke J. P. , Schimmöller L. , Albers P. , Antoch G. , Giesel F. L. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aim/Purpose
18F-labeled PSMA ligands offer various advantages as PET tracers over 68Ga-labeled PSMA counterparts. Especially, an improved spatial resolution leads to improved detection rates of smaller prostate cancer (PCa) lesions. However, physiological PSMA uptake of ganglia of the sympathetic trunk can be quickly misinterpreted as possible PSMA-positive lymph node metastases. The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate [18F]PSMA-1007 uptake and its intra-individual reproducibility in ganglia of the sympathetic trunk.

Methods
We retrospectively included 28 consecutive patients (median age 69 ± 9 with a range of 49–90) with biochemical recurrence of PCa who underwent [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT scan and, accordingly, a follow-up examination between August 2018 and August 2021. Cervical, coeliac, and sacral ganglia were identified on the iterative PET reconstructions and correlated with CT component. Tracer uptake of ganglia was determined by measuring SUVmax and SUVmean values. Anatomical position of the ganglia in relation to adjacent vertebral bodies were noted. Statistical analyses were conducted using two-way repeated measures ANOVA and descriptive statistics.

Results
The highest [18F]PSMA-1007 uptake was found in coeliac ganglia followed by cervical and sacral ganglia. The SUVmax in coeliac ganglia was 3.13 ± 0.85 (follow-up scan 3.11 ± 0.93), in cervical ganglia 2.73 ± 0.69 (follow-up scan 2.67 ± 0.74), and in sacral ganglia 1.67 ± 0.50 (follow-up scan 1.64 ± 0.52). The SUVmean in coeliac ganglia was 2.28 ± 0.64 (follow-up scan 2.28 ± 0.66), in cervical ganglia 1.62 ± 0.43 (follow-up scan 1.61 ± 0.43) and in sacral ganglia 1.15 ± 0.33 (follow-up scan 1.12 ± 0.34). In a given ganglion station, there was no statistically significant difference of SUVmax or SUVmean values between baseline and follow-up scans.

Conclusions
The first systematically described physiological [18F]PSMA-1007 uptake in ganglia of the sympathetic trunk showed a low variability of SUVmax or SUVmean and a good intra-individual reproducibility of [18F]PSMA-1007 uptake in follow-up scans. These findings might improve and guide the differentiation of ganglia from possible malignant lesions.
Simvastatin Induces Apoptosis And Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma Induced In Rats
Authors: Elleithi Yomna A. , El-Gayar Amal M. , Amin Mohamed N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequent primary aggressive cancer, a crucial cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Simvastatin is a well-known safe cholesterol-lowering medication that has been recently shown to suppress cancer progression. Apoptosis is a well-organized and controlled cellular process that happens both physiologically and pathologically leading to executing cell death. Apoptosis is frequently downregulated in cancer cells. In the present study, we aimed to test the effect of simvastatin on HCC progression. HCC was induced in experimental rats by means of diethylnitrose amine (DEN) and thioacetamide (TAA) injections. Gross examination and liver index along with biochemical analysis of hepatic function were evaluated. Serum alpha-feto protein (AFP) concentration was measured by ELISA. Histopathological examination was used for assessing necroinflammatory scores and fibrosis degree. Apoptosis was assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Simvastatin was found to induce apoptosis successfully in HCC and improve liver fibrosis, overall hepatic function, and necroinflammatory score. Simvastatin, therefore, may be a potential adjunctive therapeutic option in clinical settings of treating HCC.
The $$\mathbb {R}$$-local homotopy theory of smooth spaces
Authors: Bunk Severin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSimplicial presheaves on cartesian spaces provide a general notion of smooth spaces. There is a corresponding smooth version of the singular complex functor, which maps smooth spaces to simplicial sets. We consider the localisation of the (projective or injective) model category of smooth spaces at the morphisms which become weak equivalences under the singular complex functor. We prove that this localisation agrees with a motivic-style$$\mathbb {R}$$R-localisation of the model category of smooth spaces. Further, we exhibit the singular complex functor for smooth spaces as one of several Quillen equivalences between model categories for spaces and the above$$\mathbb {R}$$R-local model category of smooth spaces. In the process, we show that the singular complex functor agrees with the homotopy colimit functor up to a natural zig-zag of weak equivalences. We provide a functorial fibrant replacement in the$$\mathbb {R}$$R-local model category of smooth spaces and use this to compute mapping spaces in terms of singular complexes. Finally, we explain the relation of our fibrant replacement to the concordance sheaf construction introduced recently by Berwick-Evans, Boavida de Brito and Pavlov.