bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Array-size dependency of the upper limit wavelength normalized by array radius for the standard spatial autocorrelation method
Authors: Cho Ikuo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study has shown for the analysis of the standard spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) method that the upper limit wavelength (ULW) normalized by the array radius (normalized ULW, NULW) strongly depends on the array size if we include small (radius r less than a few tens of meters) and very small (r about 1 m or less) microtremor arrays in addition to conventional larger arrays. First, field data of microtremor arrays were analyzed to demonstrate the possible use of small/very small arrays. Specifically, it was shown that, (i) even in the case of a very small array, random errors in the analysis results for very long wavelengths relative to the array radius are kept in an acceptable range for practical use; (ii) the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a crucial factor determining the NULW; and (iii) an equation determining the NULW applies, namely the relation $$(\mathrm{NULW})\propto \sqrt{(\mathrm{SNR})}$$

(
NULW
)

∝

(
SNR
)

holds through very small to large arrays. The field data used are those distributed for blind prediction (BP) experiments for an international symposium (BP data), which consist of high-quality microtremor array data with various radii from very small (r = 0.58 m) to large (r = 555 m). It was then shown that SNRs of the BP data, and consequently the NULWs, increase with a decrease of array radius. Statistical data obtained from a few hundred arrays in our previous research also exhibit a similar tendency. The BP data lie around the maximum values of these distributions, showing the high quality of the BP data as well as supporting the array-size dependency of the NULW. Finally, the BP data were processed to identify the characteristics of the soil attenuation. It was found that the array-size dependency of NULW, as well as the large variations in NULW, can generally be explained by soil attenuation. It is plausible that the SNR of small/very small arrays are generally determined by the soil attenuation if the self-noise of the recording system is excluded. A logical conclusion drawn from these results, and also empirically supported, is that the practicality of very small arrays increases as the soil gets softer.
Graphical Abstract
Enhanced postoperative cancer therapy by iron-based hydrogels
Authors: Zhang Haomeng , Zhang Meng , Zhang Xinyu , Gao Yuan , Ma Yanling , Chen Hongyu , Wan Jipeng , Li Changzhong , Wang Fei , Sun Xiao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Surgical resection is a widely used method for the treatment of solid tumor cancers. However, the inhibition of tumor recurrence and metastasis are the main challenges of postoperative tumor therapy. Traditional intravenous or oral administration have poor chemotherapeutics bioavailability and undesirable systemic toxicity. Polymeric hydrogels with a three-dimensional network structure enable on-site delivery and controlled release of therapeutic drugs with reduced systemic toxicity and have been widely developed for postoperative adjuvant tumor therapy. Among them, because of the simple synthesis, good biocompatibility, biodegradability, injectability, and multifunctionality, iron-based hydrogels have received extensive attention. This review has summarized the general synthesis methods and construction principles of iron-based hydrogels, highlighted the latest progress of iron-based hydrogels in postoperative tumor therapy, including chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, chemo-dynamic therapy, and magnetothermal-chemical combined therapy, etc. In addition, the challenges towards clinical application of iron-based hydrogels have also been discussed. This review is expected to show researchers broad perspectives of novel postoperative tumor therapy strategy and provide new ideas in the design and application of novel iron-based hydrogels to advance this sub field in cancer nanomedicine.
A novel prospect for an oviposition attraction of Chrysoperla carnea (Steph.) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) for its population upsurge
Authors: Sohail Mubasshir , Ali Shah Rukh , Muhammad Raza , Bukero Muhammad Aslam , Khalid Noman , Soomro Qadeer Ahmed 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundAttraction and oviposition preference of the green lacewing,Chrysoperla carnea(Steph.)(Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), in response to prey availability in an ovipositional site was studied. The study aimed to investigate whether an adult attraction ofC. carneato oviposition on the substrate was affected by aphid juice (AJ) of fresh brassica aphid,Brevicoryne brassica.ResultIn laboratory bioassay, the number of eggs laid by female was significantly higher on AJ-treated area of substrate than control, indicating that oviposition was influenced by the AJ application. Attraction period of AJ lasted for 4 days. In Y-maze olfactometer studies, video tracking software ANY-maze® indicated thatC. carneaspent significant more time in the novel arm provided with AJ, showing an attraction. In the greenhouse study, AJ spray attracted a significantly higher number of male and female and considerably increased the number of eggs laid on brassica plant.ConclusionFresh AJ may be a potential attractant for raising population of this predatory species at a particular location without being involved in rearing and augmentation process. This finding is of special interest and may be of benefit in biological control. As it is likely that the AJ spray could be used to enhanceC. carneapopulation attraction to the desire field.
Effect of low gamma irradiation doses on growth, productivity and chemical constituents of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) tubers
Authors: Mounir Amr M. , El-Hefny A. M. , Mahmoud S. H. , El-Tanahy A. M. M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
This field experiment was carried out during the two successive seasons of 2019 and 2020 at the experimental farm of the National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt, to evaluate the effect of low gamma irradiation doses (0, 2.5, 5 and10 Gray) on growth, yield and chemical constituents of Jerusalem artichoke tubers as one of the non-traditional vegetable crops which had a high nutritional and medicinal value.

Results
The obtained results show that gamma irradiation at dose rate 5 Gy gave the best results of plant height, number of branches, shoot fresh and dry weight compared with treatments exposed to gamma irradiation at dose rate 2.5 and 10 Gy and also higher photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll a, b, a + b and carotenoids than un-irradiated tubers. Same stimulative dose (5 Gy) yielded the highest total yield per feddan, plant yield, tuber fresh weight and dry matter percentage of tubers. Regarding chemical constituents of tubers, it was observed that gamma irradiation at dose 5 Gy scored higher percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total carbohydrates and inulin than other doses. From another point, the highest concentration of total soluble phenols and flavonoids was correlated with 5 and 10 Gy of gamma irradiation.

Conclusions
The moderate dose of gamma irradiation 5 Gy has a stimulative effect on growth of Jerusalem artichoke which reflects on tubers yield and their chemical constituents.
Medicinal plants used for treating cancer in Kenya: an ethnopharmacological overview
Authors: Omara Timothy , Odero Mark Peter , Obakiro Samuel Baker 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundCancer is one of the major causes of mortality worldwide. Though 30% of cancers can be treated when detected at early stages, their treatment has been compounded by resistance of tumor cells to anticancer drugs, side effects of the therapies, high treatment costs and limited access to medical services. In Africa, and particularly in the East African botanical plate, various ethnic groups cherish their traditions and embrace distinguished use of medicinal plants in the management of ailments like cancer. This study aimed at reviewing the ethnobotanical knowledge on the use of wild and cultivated plants as remedies for cancer treatment in Kenya as well as their phytochemical composition and reported anticancer activities.Main bodyThrough extensive electronic review in PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scientific Electronic Library Online and the Google search engine, 145 plant species from 125 genera spread across 55 families were found to have been reported for cancer treatment in Kenya. The malignancies treated using the herbal remedies include squamous cell carcinoma of the gum, prostate, blood, bone, breast, colorectal, colon, oesophageal, lung, liver, skin, stomach, throat and uterine cancers. Most of the identified species have reported anticancer activities, withToddalia asiatica,Annona muricata,Carica papaya,Catharanthus roseus, Moringa oleifera,Ocimum gratissimum,Prunus africanaandZanthoxylum paracanthumbeing the most studied.ConclusionsDespite the widespread use of medicinal plants in the management of cancer in Kenya, the bioactivity, safety aspects, responsible anticancer molecules and clinical studies are required to elucidate the mechanism of action of the compounds and confirm the potential of the unstudied species.
Diagnosis and management of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced acute leukoencephalopathy: lessons learnt from a single-Centre case series
Authors: Jose Neethu , Joel Anjana , Selvakumar Rajesh Joseph , Ramireddy Jebakarunya , John Ajoy Oommen , Georgy Josh Thomas , Singh Ashish , Ram Thomas Samuel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The administration of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) in the treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies is associated with common side effects such as mucositis, diarrhoea, and myelosuppression, which are easily managed with supportive measures and dose adjustments. Cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity are rare but reversible side effects of 5-FU and are treated with withdrawal of the drug and conservative measures. The presenting symptoms of 5-FU-induced leukoencephalopathy are often confusing and pose a diagnostic dilemma in routine clinical practice.

Methods
We report a series of five patients with GI malignancies who developed 5-FU-induced leukoencephalopathy.

Results
All (n = 5) had Naranjo scores of 6–7, predictive of 5-FU-related adverse effects, with clinical and radiological findings suggestive of 5-FU-induced encephalopathy as described in prior literature. The median time to onset of symptoms from initiation of 5FU was 3 days (range: 2–4 days). All patients improved after conservative management with complete neurological recovery.

Conclusion
Prompt recognition of this rare yet severe adverse effect of 5-FU-based chemotherapy aids early withdrawal of the offending agent (5-FU) and timely initiation of supportive measures and helps plan alternative oncological interventions.
Everolimus Added to Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy in Patients With High-Risk Hormone Receptor–Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Negative Primary Breast Cancer
Authors: Bachelot Thomas , Cottu Paul , Chabaud Sylvie , Dalenc Florence , Allouache Djelila , Delaloge Suzette , Jacquin Jean-Philippe , Grenier Julien , Venat Bouvet Laurence , Jegannathen Apurna , Campone Mario , Del Piano Francesco , Debled Marc , Hardy-Bessard Anne-Claire , Giacchetti Sylvie , Mouret-Reynier Marie-Ange , Barthelemy Philippe , Kaluzinski Laure , Mailliez Audrey , Legouffe Eric , Sephton Matthew , Bliss Judith , Canon Jean-Luc , Penault-Llorca Frederique , Lemonnier Jerome , Cameron David , Andre Fabrice 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE Everolimus, an oral inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin, improves progression-free survival in combination with endocrine therapy (ET) in postmenopausal women with aromatase inhibitor–resistant metastatic breast cancer. However, the benefit of adding everolimus to ET in the adjuvant setting in early breast cancer is unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this randomized double-blind phase III study, women with high-risk, hormone receptor–positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative primary breast cancer were randomly assigned to everolimus or placebo for 2 years combined with standard ET. Stratification factors included ET agent, receipt of neoadjuvant versus adjuvant chemotherapy, progesterone receptor status, duration of ET before random assignment, and lymph node involvement. The primary end point was disease-free survival (DFS). The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT01805271 ). RESULTS Between June 2013 and March 2020, 1,278 patients were randomly allocated to receive everolimus or placebo. At the first interim analysis, the trial was stopped for futility and a full analysis undertaken once data snapshot complete. One hundred forty-seven patients have had a DFS event reported and at 3 years, DFS did not differ between patients who received ET plus everolimus (88% [95% CI, 85 to 91]) or ET plus placebo (89% [95% CI, 86 to 91; hazard ratio, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.69 to 1.32; P = .77]). Grade ≥ 3 adverse events were reported in 22.9% of patients (29.9% with everolimus v 15.9% with placebo, P < .001). 53.4% everolimus-treated patients permanently discontinued experimental treatment early compared with placebo-treated 22.3%. CONCLUSION Among high-risk patients, everolimus added to adjuvant ET did not improve DFS. Tolerability was a concern, with more than half of patients stopping everolimus before study completion. Everolimus cannot be recommended in the adjuvant setting.
Second Revision of the International Staging System (R2-ISS) for Overall Survival in Multiple Myeloma: A European Myeloma Network (EMN) Report Within the HARMONY Project
Authors: D'Agostino Mattia , Cairns David A. , Lahuerta Juan José , Wester Ruth , Bertsch Uta , Waage Anders , Zamagni Elena , Mateos María-Victoria , Dall'Olio Daniele , van de Donk Niels W.C.J. , Jackson Graham , Rocchi Serena , Salwender Hans , Bladé Creixenti Joan , van der Holt Bronno , Castellani Gastone , Bonello Francesca , Capra Andrea , Mai Elias K. , Dürig Jan , Gay Francesca , Zweegman Sonja , Cavo Michele , Kaiser Martin F. , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Hernández Rivas Jesús María , Larocca Alessandra , Cook Gordon , San-Miguel Jesús F. , Boccadoro Mario , Sonneveld Pieter 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSEPatients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) show heterogeneous outcomes, and approximately 60% of them are at intermediate-risk according to the Revised International Staging system (R-ISS), the standard-of-care risk stratification model. Moreover, chromosome 1q gain/amplification (1q+) recently proved to be a poor prognostic factor. In this study, we revised the R-ISS by analyzing the additive value of each single risk feature, including 1q+.PATIENTS AND METHODSThe European Myeloma Network, within the HARMONY project, collected individual data from 10,843 patients with NDMM enrolled in 16 clinical trials. An additive scoring system on the basis of top features predicting progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was developed and validated.RESULTSIn the training set (N = 7,072), at a median follow-up of 75 months, ISS, del(17p), lactate dehydrogenase, t(4;14), and 1q+ had the highest impact on PFS and OS. These variables were all simultaneously present in 2,226 patients. A value was assigned to each risk feature according to their OS impact (ISS-III 1.5, ISS-II 1, del(17p) 1, high lactate dehydrogenase 1, t(4;14) 1, and 1q+ 0.5 points). Patients were stratified into four risk groups according to the total additive score: low (Second Revision of the International Staging System [R2-ISS]-I, 19.2%, 0 points), low-intermediate (II, 30.8%, 0.5-1 points), intermediate-high (III, 41.2%, 1.5-2.5 points), high (IV, 8.8%, 3-5 points). Median OS was not reached versus 109.2 versus 68.5 versus 37.9 months, and median PFS was 68 versus 45.5 versus 30.2 versus 19.9 months, respectively. The score was validated in an independent validation set (N = 3,771, of whom 1,214 were with complete data to calculate R2-ISS) maintaining its prognostic value.CONCLUSIONThe R2-ISS is a simple prognostic staging system allowing a better stratification of patients with intermediate-risk NDMM. The additive nature of this score fosters its future implementation with new prognostic variables.
Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Data Collection in Oncology Practice: Findings of an ASCO Survey
Authors: Kamen Charles S. , Pratt-Chapman Mandi L. , Meersman Stephen C. , Quinn Gwendolyn P. , Schabath Matthew B. , Maingi Shail , Merrill Janette K. , Garrett-Mayer Elizabeth , Kaltenbaugh Melinda , Schenkel Caroline , Chang Shine 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE: Lack of collection of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) data in oncology practices limits assessment of sexual and gender minority (SGM) cancer patients' experiences and restricts opportunities to improve health outcomes of SGM patients. Despite national calls for routine SOGI data collection, individual-level and institutional barriers hinder progress. This study aimed to identify these barriers in oncology. METHODS: An online survey of ASCO members and others assessed SOGI data collection in oncology practices, institutional characteristics related to SOGI data collection, respondents' attitudes about SOGI data and SGM patients, and respondent demographics. Logistic regression calculated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for factors associated with sexual orientation (SO) and gender identity (GI) data collection. RESULTS: Less than half of 257 respondents reported institutional SO and GI data collection (40% and 46%, respectively), whereas over a third reported no institutional data collection (34% and 32%, respectively) and the remainder were unsure (21% and 17%, respectively). Most respondents felt that knowing both SO and GI was important for quality care (77% and 85%, respectively). Collection of SO and GI was significantly associated in separate models with leadership support (ORs = 8.01 and 6.02, respectively), having resources for SOGI data collection (ORs = 10.6 and 18.7, respectively), and respondents' belief that knowing patient SO and GI is important (ORs = 4.28 and 2.76, respectively). Themes from qualitative comments mirrored the key factors identified in our quantitative analysis. CONCLUSION: Three self-reinforcing factors emerged as critical drivers for collecting SOGI data: leadership support, dedicated resources, and individual respondents' attitudes. Policy mandates, implementation science, and clinical reimbursement are strategies to advance meaningful data collection and use in clinical practice.
The Bloch oscillations of spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in deep optical lattices
Authors: Zhang Yan-Chao , Jiao Chen , Zhang Ai-Xia , Xue Ju-Kui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We study the ground state and the Bloch oscillations of the spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in one-dimensional deep optical lattices. The phase transition between the zero-momentum phase and the plane-wave phase in untilted deep optical lattices is studied analytically. The Bloch oscillations in tilted lattices started in different ground state phases are analyzed. It is found that the Bloch dynamics is harmonic (anharmonic) in the zero-momentum phase (plane-wave phase). Furthermore, the modification of the Bloch oscillations induced by spin-orbit coupling, tunnelling coefficient and the external force (the inclination of the tilt) is revealed. In addition, the analytical condition for emerging the long-lived Bloch oscillations is obtained and the corresponding diagram in parameter space is provided. Particularly, we find that the spin-orbit coupling can extend the duration of the Bloch oscillations in the plane-wave phase. We provide an effective method to manipulate the Bloch dynamics in the deep optical lattices.
Chaotic advection and particle pairs diffusion in a low-dimensional truncation of two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics
Authors: Carbone Francesco , Telloni Daniele , Zank Gary , Sorriso-Valvo Luca 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The chaotic advection of fluid particle pairs is investigated though a low-order model of two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), where only five nonlinearly interacting modes are retained. The model is inthrinsically inhomogeneous and anisotropic because of the influence of large-scale fluctuations. Therefore, even though dynamically chaotic, the fields are unable to form the typical scaling laws of fully developed turbulence. Results show that a super-ballistic dynamics, reminiscent of the Richardson law of particle-pairs diffusion in turbulent flows, is robustly obtained using the truncated model. Indeed, even in the strongly reduced truncation presented here, particle diffusion in MHD turbulence has the same laws as the separation of velocity of particle pairs. The inherent anisotropy only affects the scaling of diffusivity, by enhancing the diffusion properties along one direction for small time-scales. Finally, when further anisotropy is introduced in the system through Alfvén waves, fluid particles are trapped by these, and super-ballistic diffusion is replaced by Brownian-like diffusion. On the other hand, when the magnetic field is removed, the kinetic counterpart of the model does not show super-ballistic dynamics.
Intrinsic function of the peptidylarginine deiminase PADI4 is dispensable for normal haematopoiesis
Authors: Young Christine , Russell John R. , Van De Lagemaat Louie N. , Lawson Hannah , Mapperley Christopher , Kranc Kamil R. , Christophorou Maria A. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADIs) are strongly associated with the development of autoimmunity, neurodegeneration and cancer but their physiological roles are ill-defined. The nuclear deiminase PADI4 regulates pluripotency in the mammalian pre-implantation embryo but its function in tissue development is unknown. PADI4 is primarily expressed in the bone marrow, as part of a self-renewal-associated gene signature. It has been shown to regulate the proliferation of multipotent haematopoietic progenitors and proposed to impact on the differentiation of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), suggesting that it controls haematopoietic development or regeneration. Using conditional in vivo models of steady state and acute Padi4 ablation, we examined the role of PADI4 in the development and function of the haematopoietic system. We found that PADI4 loss does not significantly affect HSC self-renewal or differentiation potential upon injury or serial transplantation, nor does it lead to HSC exhaustion or premature ageing. Thus PADI4 is dispensable for cell-autonomous HSC maintenance, differentiation and haematopoietic regeneration. This work represents the first study of PADI4 in tissue development and indicates that pharmacological PADI4 inhibition may be tolerated without adverse effects.