bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reformy sądownictwa administracyjnego w Serbii
Authors: Radošević Ratko 
Published: June 2022

Sądowa kontrola administracji w Serbii ma długą, ponad 150-letnią tradycję. Początkowo kontrolę tę sprawowała Rada Stanu, zorganizowana według wzorów francuskich. Po II wojnie światowej wszelkie przejawy sądownictwa administracyjnego zniesiono, by przywrócić je już w 1952 r., kiedy to kompetencję do rozstrzygania sporów administracyjnych powierzono sądom powszechnym, które w tych sprawach orzekały w ramach specjalnych izb. Ostatnia faza rozwoju sądownictwa administracyjnego rozpoczęła się na nowo wraz z utworzeniem sądownictwa wyspecjalizowanego, a mianowicie z chwilą powołania w 2010 r. sądu administracyjnego. Sąd ten nie jest już częścią administracji, tak jak miało to miejsce przed II wojną światową, lecz częścią systemu sądownictwa. Sądowa kontrola administracji opiera się na konstytucyjnie gwarantowanym prawie do rzetelnego procesu sądowego. Oznacza to, że sąd administracyjny orzeka w rozsądnym terminie na podstawie prawa i faktów ustalonych w toku publicznej rozprawy, a jego wyrok może zostać wydany w ramach jurysdykcji ograniczonej (czego skutkiem jest wyrok kasacyjny) lub jurysdykcji pełnej (w ramach której sąd sam rozstrzyga w sprawie). Ta faza rozwoju sądowej kontroli administracji nie jest jednak zakończona, bowiem sądownictwo administracyjne w Serbii ma jednostopniową strukturę, a w związku z tym postępowanie sądowoadministracyjne jest zawsze jednoinstancyjne. Rodzi to potrzebę dalszych reform, mających na celu wprowadzenie dwuinstancyjności sądownictwa administracyjnego oraz zwiększenie jego efektywności.
Projekty reform sądownictwa administracyjnego w Polsce
Authors: Chmielarz-Grochal Anna 
Published: June 2022

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie podstawowych założeń reform polskiego sądownictwa administracyjnego. Projektowane i realizowane reformy dotyczyły zarówno modelu ustrojowego sądownictwa administracyjnego, jak również modelu orzekania i reguł postępowania przed sądami administracyjnymi. Analiza wdrażanych rozwiązań, począwszy od okresu II Rzeczypospolitej, pozwoliła postawić tezę, że sądownictwo administracyjne podlegało reformom o charakterze ewolucyjnym (rozwojowym). Artykuł w głównej mierze dotyczy kwestii ustrojowych, jako że stworzenie odrębnego od władzy wykonawczej, niezależnego, dwuinstancyjnego sądownictwa administracyjnego było priorytetowym postulatem reform zapoczątkowanych po odzyskaniu przez Polskę niepodległości, który pojawiał się w późniejszych projektach reform. Jak wynika z przeprowadzonej analizy, postulat ten został zrealizowany w najpełniejszym zakresie po wejściu w życie Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z 1997 r.
القلق اللغوي في تعلم مهارة الكلام لدى الطالبات الجديدات بمعهد الكوثر العصري الإسلامي بانيووانجي
Authors: Al Badri Hakiki Rikza Irnaini 
Published: June 2022

Arabic language learning as a foreign language in Indonesia has big appeal, especially the language learning. However the succeed in learning arabic at educational institutions of course it can’t be separated from problematics. One of the problem is the problem that occur at Al-Kautsar Modern Boarding School Banyuwangi. The language anxiety in learning speaking skills of Arabic happened there. This article aims to (1) Knowing the level of language anxiety in speaking skills learning, (2) Knowing the forms of language anxiety in speaking skills learning, (3) Knowing how to overcome language anxiety in speaking skills learning overcome. This research is a type of mixed method using research design (sequential mixed methods). The data collection technique used in this study is a questionnaire that refers to the HARS anxiety scale, interviews, and observations. For data analysis techniques used by researchers, namely descriptive analysis techniques for quantitative data and triangulation analysis techniques for qualitative data. After the data Analysed, can be concluded that from 25 new student, there is 52% new student who is feels anxiety at medium level and 48% other feels anxiety at low level. And from 25 new student who fill the qustionnaire, there are 12 kinds of anxiety experienced by new student while learning speaking skills of arabic. Besides that the result of qustionnaire there are two ways how to overcome the anxiety of linguistic : the external ways which is given by a teacher and internal ways comes from the new students. This External ways is related to the situational factor during learning and the Internal ways is related to psychologycal, like self perception, self conception and confidence.
Keywords: Language Anxiety ; Speaking Skill ; New Students
Upaya Mengurangi Sampah Plastik di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 dengan Memanfaatkan Sistem Ecobrick di Desa Blumbungan
Authors: Fitriyah Fitriyah , Nawawi Ainul Haq 
Published: June 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has drastically impacted the world's population and various aspects of life. The spread of this disease is a threat to all countries. This is because the spread of this disease occurs in all age groups, especially the elderly group. All community activities are restricted, so most people experience a crisis, either economic crisis, social crisis or crisis from all fields, especially from the lower middle class. Therefore, student creativity is needed to overcome health problems and prevent the spread of Covid-19, so the author focuses on processing plastic waste. Thus, the author took the title of the article Efforts to Reduce Plastic Waste in the Covid-19 Pandemic Period by Utilizing the Ecobrick System in Blumbungan Village. The research method used in this research was direct approach research, better known as empirical research, conducted directly in the field. This study indicates that by making ecobrick, people can use plastic waste for useful goods. The community also understands the importance of keeping the environment clean and knows the dangers of plastic waste. People can maintain health and stay productive in everything during this pandemic.[Pandemi Covid-19 telah berdampak drastis terhadap penduduk dunia dan berbagai aspek kehidupan. Bagi negara, penyebaran penyakit ini menjadi ancaman bagi semua negara. Hal ini karena penyebaran penyakit ini terjadi pada semua kelompok umur, terutama mereka yang berusia lanjut. Semua aktivitas masyarakat sangat terbatas sehingga sebagian besar masyarakat mengalami krisis, baik itu krisis dari segi ekonomi, krisis sosial, maupun krisis dari segala bidang, terutama dari kalangan menengah ke bawah. Oleh karena itu kreativitas siswa sangat dibutuhkan untuk mengatasi masalah kesehatan dan mencegah penyebaran Covid-19, maka disini penulis fokus pada pengolahan sampah plastik. Oleh karena itu penulis mengambil judul artikel Upaya Mengurangi Sampah Plastik di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 dengan Memanfaatkan Sistem ecobriks di Desa Blumbungan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu jenis penelitian pendekatan secara langsung atau yang lebih dikenal dengan penelitian empiris yaitu melakukan penelitian secara terjun langsung ke lapangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya pembuatan ecobriks ini masyarakat bisa memanfatkan sampah plastik menjadi barang yang bermanfaat. Masyarakat juga memahami akan pentingnya menjaga kebersihan lingkungan serta mengetahui bahaya akan sampah plastik. Masyarakat mampu menjaga kesehatan dan tetap produktif dalam segala hal di masa pandemic ini].
Analisis Eksploitasi Pekerja Anak dari Sisi Pendidikan di Pulau Jawa dengan Regresi Logistik Biner Multilevel
Authors: Sari Liza Kurnia , Wahyuni Krismanti Tri 
Published: June 2022

Education gives children the opportunity to have a better life in the future, but unfavorable economic conditions forced children to work and caused some children not to go to school. Child laborers are vulnerable to exploitation because they are considered weak and have no bargaining position in the work world. This study aims to analyze the variables that affect the exploitation of child labor in terms of education. Child laborers are said to be exploited in terms of education if they have never attended school or are no longer in school. The results of the Susenas 2019 show that exploitation is more common in boys, being older, working in the formal sector, working longer hours, living in a rural area, having a smaller household size, having a male, married, not working, low education, and older age household head. The random effect test shows that the variation in the exploitation of child labor in terms of education is significant between groups so that the 3-level model is better than the 1-level binary logistic regression model. The exploitation of child labor in terms of education at the individual level is influenced by age, sector of work, and working hours of children; at the household level it is influenced by the gender and education of household head, classification of residence, level of welfare; and at the regional level it is affected by regency/municipality poverty.
Measurements of helium permeation in Zerodur glass used for the realisation of quantum pascal
Authors: Kurtishaj Ardita , Hameli Ibrahim , Zeqiraj Arber , Avdiaj Sefer 
Published: June 2022

In the new optical pressure standard Ultra-Low Expansion glass cavities were proposed to measure helium refractivity for a new realisation of the unit of pressure, pascal. However, it was noticed that the use of this type of material causes some difficulties. One of the main problems of ULE glass is the pumping effect for Helium. Therefore, instead of ULE, Zerodur glass was proposed as a material for the cavity. This proposal was given by the Vacuum Metrology team of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt - PTB in the QuantumPascal project. In order to calculate the flow of helium gas through Zerodur glass one has to know the permeation constant <em>K</em>. Moreover, the modelling of time dependency of the flow requires the knowledge of diffusion constant <em>D</em> as well. The relation between them is given by <em>K</em> = <em>S</em> · <em>D</em>, where <em>S</em> is the solubility of Helium in glass. In our research work we measured permeation of helium gas in Zerodur. Measurements were performed in the temperature range 80 °C – 120 °C. Based on our results, we consider that the Zerodur material has potential to be used as cavity material for the new quantum standard of pressure.
A strategy to control industrial plants in the spirit of Industry 4.0 tested on a fluidic system
Authors: Fabbiano Laura , Oresta Paolo , Morello Rosario , Vacca Gaetano 
Published: June 2022

<!--[if gte mso 11]><w:PermStart w:id="667698911"
w:edGrp="everyone"/><![endif]--><p class="Abstract"><span lang="EN-US">The goal of the paper is to propose a strategy of automating the control of wide spectrum industrial processes plants in the spirit of Industry 4.0. The strategy is based on the creation of a virtual simulator of the operation of the plants involved in the process. Through the digitization of the operational data sheets of the various components, the simulator is able to provide the reference values of the process control parameters to be compared with their actual values, in order to decide the direct inspection and/or the operational intervention on critical components before a possible failure. As example, a simple fluidic thrust plant has been considered, which a mathematical model (simulator) for its optimal operating conditions has been formulated for, by using the digitalized real operational data sheets of its components. The simple thrust system considered consists of a centrifugal pump driven by a three-phase electric motor, an inverter to regulate the rotation of the motor and a proportional valve that simulates the external load acting on the pump.</span></p><p class="Abstract">As results, the operational data sheets and principal characteristics of the pump have been reproduced by means of the simulator here developed, showing a very good agreement.</p>
Effect of Supplemental Perioperative Oxygen on SSI Among Adults with Lower-Extremity Fractures at Increased Risk for Infection
Authors:   Major Extremity Trauma Research Consortium (METRC)
Published: June 2022

Background:
Supplemental perioperative oxygen is a low-cost intervention theorized to reduce the risk of surgical site infections, but its effect among patients undergoing surgery for a tibial plateau, tibial pilon, or calcaneal fracture is unknown. We aimed to determine the effectiveness of a high fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2, 80%) versus low FiO2 (30%) in reducing surgical site infections in these patients.

Methods:
A randomized controlled trial was conducted at 29 U.S. trauma centers. We enrolled 1,231 patients who were 18 to 80 years of age and had a tibial plateau, tibial pilon, or calcaneal fracture and were thought to be at elevated risk for infection based on their injury characteristics. Patients were randomized to receive 80% FiO2 (treatment group) or 30% FiO2 (control group) in the operating room and for up to 2 hours in the recovery room. The primary outcome was a composite of either deep surgical site infection (treated with surgery) or superficial surgical site infection (treated with antibiotics alone) within 182 days following definitive fixation. Secondary outcomes included these surgical site infections at 90 and 365 days after surgery.

Results:
The modified intention-to-treat analysis included 1,136 patients with 94% of expected follow-up through 182 days. Surgical site infection occurred in 40 (7.0%) of the patients in the treatment group and 60 (10.7%) of the patients in the control group (relative risk [RR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45 to 0.96; risk difference [RD], −3.8%; 95% CI, −7.2% to −0.4%; p = 0.03). The treatment intervention demonstrated a similar effect at 90 days (RR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.93) and 365 days (RR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.87). Secondary analyses demonstrated that the effect was driven by a reduction in superficial surgical site infections.

Conclusions:
Among tibial plateau, pilon, or calcaneal fracture patients at elevated risk for surgical site infection, a high perioperative FiO2 lowered the risk of surgical site infection. The findings support the use of this intervention, although the benefit appears to mostly be in reduction of superficial infections.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Sediment transfer from shelf to deepwater slope: How does it happen?
Authors: Gan Yuqian , de Almeida Flavio N. , Rossi Valentina M. , Steel Ron J. , Olariu Cornel 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
The processes that transport sediment from the coastline to the shelf edge are key components of the sedimentary source-to-sink system, determining basin-margin building, deepwater deposition, organic-material accumulation, and the long-term carbon cycle. Research on shelf sediment transport has been aided recently by advances in modeling and marine technology. In this study we provide a much needed review of up-to-date findings on how sediment moves from the outer shelf onto the upper slope, and we summarize four dominant shelf-to-slope drivers: 1) river currents, 2) reworking storm waves and longshore currents, 3) strong tidal currents supplementing river outflow, and 4) small-scale to very large-scale gravity collapse of the shelf-edge area.
Redefining Operations Reporting Codes Helps Support Digitalization of Well Operations
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: June 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 208711, “Redefining Operations Reporting Codes to Support Digitalization of Well Operations,” by Theresa Baumgartner, SPE, Marcus Ridgway, SPE, and Cameron Bruce, SPE, Shell, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
Under increasingly volatile market conditions, operators face pressure to increase performance and reduce costs through standardization of engineering, operations, services, and equipment. To this end, an operator has redefined the way it reports onsite operations through the development of a standardized set of reporting activity codes, designed as the backbone of a standardized and digital well-design and -execution process. The operator recognizes the value of industrywide standardization of fit-for-purpose operations codes and offers to donate the codes to the Open Subsurface Data Universe (OSDU) project.

Background of Activity Codes
The use of operations codes (also referred to as activity or reporting codes) to classify detailed well-activity descriptions has been prevalent in the oil and gas industry since the introduction of commercial daily-well-operations-reporting software systems in the 1980s and ’90s.
A limitation of many activity code sets was that they were focused on drilling operations and were light on completions and, especially, well-intervention activities. Today’s well-engineering teams are focused on optimizing all well-operation types, not only drilling operations.
Activity-code sets support a range of coding levels, from simple single-level activity code systems to several hierarchical levels of activity codes, such as the code set the authors propose in this paper. The number of levels is determined based on operator or contractor requirements for tracking operations, regulatory reporting, and performance measurement or optimization requirements.
Measured Properties of Annular Cement Compared With Ultrasonic Cement Logs
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: June 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 204015, “A Comparison of the Measured Properties of Annular Cement With Ultrasonic Cement-Evaluation Logs,” by Dave Gardner, SPE, Hans Joakim Skadsem, and Katherine Beltrán-Jiménez, SPE, Norwegian Research Centre, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
In this work, different measurement methods have been used to investigate the quality of the cement sheath inside two cemented “sandwich” sections, including high-resolution ultrasonic cement-evaluation logs, sample analysis, mechanical loading, and fluid-seepage measurements. The examined sections were recovered from a North Sea well during a permanent plug-and-abandonment operation. The measurements have been analyzed with an aim of describing in detail the spatial variations in the cement properties and relating them to the logs. The data analysis has improved the understanding of the cement-sheath mechanical properties, seal quality, and response of the ultrasonic cement-evaluation logs.

Introduction
A well drilled at the Valhall Field was permanently abandoned in 2018 after being in production since 1985. To install the surface plug, the 9⅝-in. and 13⅜-in. casings were both cut and retrieved to surface in sections simultaneously. After the well abandonment, two of the cemented casing-in-casing sandwich sections were sent to shore for further analysis, including relogging.
The deepest section, recovered from the interval between 251 and 263 m, was named Fish 11. A visual inspection of the section showed complete annular cement coverage at both ends but with signs of mud contamination, especially at the casing/cement interface and primarily on the narrow side of the annulus. The 9⅝-in. casing had an eccentricity of 70% compared with the outer casing and equivalent to the standoff created by the 9⅝-in. casing-collar thickness.
The uppermost sandwich section covering the top of the cement was retrieved from
119 to 131 m and was named the transition joint. The eccentricity of the inner casing compared with the outer casing was 60% for this section. The bottom of the section had complete cement coverage; however, some mud intrusions were apparent in the bulk cement as well as mud contamination between the casing/cement interface.
The 9⅝-in. casing was originally cemented in two stages because of the presence of a weak formation. Both the transition joint and Fish 11 were retrieved from the upper part of the section, which was cemented in a second stage by bullheading slurry from the surface and down the annulus. In this operation, the denser slurry was displaced from above the spacer fluid and the oil-based mud was used to drill the 12¼-in. section into the formation.
The authors speculate that the mud displacement during the bullheading operation was instantaneous, with no backflow. The fact that the sections were cemented by bullheading may have influenced the properties of the cement, particularly close to the top of the cement.
A Comparative Study of Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making Methods for selecting the best process parameters for friction stir welded Al alloy
Authors: Sabry Ibrahim , Mourad Abdel-Hamid I. , Qazani Mohammad Reza Chalak , El-Araby Ahmed M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The selection of welding process parameters is a difficult operation that proves the need for process evaluation. Several decision-making strategies have been presented for assessing friction stirring welding (FSW) process parameter selection difficulties considering the process up and down. It should be noted that few comparative studies have been conducted on the FSW problem without consideration of decision-making strategies. This article compares three multi-attribute decision-making strategies to select the parameters of the FSW process. The aim of this work applied different decision-making strategies TOPSIS, GRA, hybrid GRA-TOPSIS, COCOSO, and MACROS, using entropy for the calculated weight for all different decision-making. The proposed methods in this study are validated by representing the accurate decision maker's preferences and consideration of uncertainty. The decision-makers choose GRA-TOPSIS and TOPSIS as the best approach with higher efficiency. GRA was determined to be more time-consuming and to have the most variety of outcomes, whereas COCOSO and MACROS were unable to produce a definite best result.
Cluster analysis driven by unsupervised latent feature learning of intensive care unit medications to identify novel pharmaco-phenotypes of critically ill patients
Authors: Sikora Andrea , Jeong Hayoung , Yu Mengyun , Chen Xianyan , Murray Brian , Kamaleswaran Rishikesan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Unsupervised clustering of intensive care unit (ICU) medications may identify unique medication clusters (i.e., pharmacophenotypes) in critically ill adults. We performed an unsupervised analysis with Restricted Boltzmann Machine of 991 medications profiles of patients managed in the ICU to explore pharmacophenotypes that correlated with ICU complications (e.g., mechanical ventilation) and patient-centered outcomes (e.g., length of stay, mortality). Six unique pharmacophenotypes were observed, with unique medication profiles and clinically relevant differences in ICU complications and patient-centered outcomes. While pharmacophenotypes 2 and 4 had no statistically significant difference in ICU length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, or duration of vasopressor use, their mortality differed significantly (9.0% vs. 21.9%, p < 0.0001). Pharmacophenotype 4 had a mortality rate of 21.9%, compared with the rest of the pharmacophenotypes ranging from 2.5-9%. Phenotyping approaches have shown promise in classifying the heterogenous syndromes of critical illness to predict treatment response and guide clinical decision support systems but have never included comprehensive medication information. This first-ever machine learning approach revealed differences among empirically-derived subgroups of ICU patients that are not typically revealed by traditional classifiers. Identification of pharmacophenotypes may enable enhanced decision making to optimize treatment decisions.