bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maximal overlap discrete wavelet packet transforms and variants of neutrosophic cubic cross-entropy-based identification of rotor defects
Authors: Gandhi Chander Parkash , Kumar Anil , Vashist Govind , Tang Hesheng , Rai Akhand , Xiang Jiawei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The present study proposes a novel procedure for automated testimony of rotor defects through maximal overlap discrete wavelet packet transform (MODWPT) and the proposed neutrosophic cubic cross-entropy, fuzzy cross-entropy and single-valued neutrosophic cross-entropy (NCE) measures consecutively. Discrete wavelet transform is an efficient data decomposition technique, but the technical barrier with this technique is that it can decompose only low-frequency (approximate) signals and also it does not possess the shift invariance property. MODWPT possesses the shift invariance property and is highly capable of decomposing both approximate and detailed signals in time–frequency analysis. After the decomposition of raw signals through MODWPT, the lower and upper bounds of normalized energy readings of various rotor defect conditions (familiar and unfamiliar) are extracted and converted into the forms of fuzzy sets, single-valued neutrosophic sets and neutrosophic cubic sets respectively. The minimum neutrosophic cubic cross-entropy measure as well as fuzzy and single-valued NCE measure values between each rotor defect condition (familiar and unfamiliar) are computed and then utilized to identify various rotor defect conditions, such as parallel and angular misalignment of 7 Mils, rub, unbalance and defect-free respectively. The proposed variants of cross-entropy measure are intelligent in identifying the rotor defect conditions in comparison with the existing cosine similarity measure which exhibits unjustified and meaningless results during mathematical treatments.
Effect of hydrostatic pressure on the kinetics of alpha–omega phase transformation in zirconium
Authors: Brown Jacob , Yeddu Hemantha Kumar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A three dimensional (3D) elastoplastic phase-field model, including strain hardening, is employed to study the effect of hydrostatic pressure in the range of 4–9 GPa on the kinetics of alpha–omega phase transformation in zirconium (Zr). The input data corresponding to pure Zr are acquired from experimental studies as well as by using the CALPHAD method. A decreasing incubation time, for the formation of omega variants, with increasing pressure is observed. Avrami (JMAK) equation is used to study the transformation kinetics by analysing the phase fraction plots predicted by the phase-field simulations. The estimated activation energy is in the range of 54–59 kJ mol−1 and decreases at an average rate of 992 J mol−1 per 1 GPa increase in pressure. The analysis of Avrami exponents, based on Cahn’s approach, show that the transformation region can be divided into two distinct regions with a change in slope, which is attributed to the site saturation. It is concluded that in the first region where the exponents are above 3, the transformation proceeds by nucleation and growth. In the second region where the exponents are sub-unity, the transformation proceeds by growth of the existing variants.
Fermi energy-level shift of p-type AgBiSe2 single crystal featuring semiconductor-to-metal transition at cryogenics
Authors: William Carry M , Mrinaleni S , Amaladass Edward Prabu , Senthil Pandian Muthu , Vinoth Rathan S , Ramasamy P , Mani Awadhesh , Bhaumik Indranil 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A ternary chalcogenide AgBiSe2 (ABS) crystal was grown using the Bridgman–Stockbarger technique followed by XRD and Raman shift analysis to verify the structural properties of the ABS crystal. The temperature (300–4.2 K)-dependent resistivity (ρ) shows semiconductor behavior down to 109 K and transforms to metallic behavior down to 19 K. Due to the localization behavior, the resistance shows an upturn up on further decrease in temperature. Charge defects caused by atomic vacancies as well as anti-site defects are thermodynamically induced, and have the potential to shift the Fermi energy level. The two transitions at 109 and 19 K in ρ(T) demonstrate consequent changes as a semiconductor-to-metal transition. The magnetoresistance MR graph exhibits resistive behavior with respect to the magnetic field applied and displays a ‘U’ shape at 300 K, which changes to a ‘V’ shape at 4.2 K. The Hall effect measurements reveal that the majority carrier is a hole. The carrier density as well as mobility changes with respect to temperature are analyzed within the preview of the Ioffe–Regel criterion. ABS is a promising p-type candidate with efficient characteristics that needs further elaboration for thermoelectric, photonic and photovoltaic applications.
An innovative geotechnical and structural monitoring system based on the use of NSHT
Authors: Di Gennaro L , Damiano E , De Cristofaro M , Netti N , Olivares L , Zona R , Iavazzo L , Coscetta A , Mirabile M , Giarrusso G A , D’Ettore A , Minutolo V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The development of innovative early warning systems (EWS), structural health monitoring (SHM) and structural health monitoring and reinforcement (SHMR) systems is essential to prevent the occurrence of potentially dangerous events on engineering works, buildings and in the natural environment. Their effectiveness can be improved by using new generation sensors able to realize widespread, low-cost monitoring at increasing spatial and temporal resolution. The main aim of the research is, therefore, to develop a versatile strain transducer capable of monitoring elements of different nature such as slopes, buildings and linear infrastructures performing distributed real-time measurements. The paper introduces a new smart hybrid transducer (NSHT), a strain transducer belonging to the distributed optical fiber sensors family, appositely designed to overcome the drawbacks of traditional solutions. An experimental laboratory setup was arranged to test its reliability and a comparison between measurements retrieved by the NSHT and traditional devices were done. The results showed that the NSHT is able to perform strain monitoring with spatial resolution as high as 5 cm and accuracy comparable to that of the traditional devices. Finally, an integrated structural and geotechnical monitoring system architecture based on its use is proposed for the Petacciato site, where a deep-seated landslide affects the historical town and some infrastructures. To realize a single communication line in such a complex monitoring system, where multiple elements have to be monitored, a specific tool was also designed and tested, that allows the exact spatial identification of the various elements under observation. Although on-site validation is needed, these early results are encouraging and demonstrate that the NSHT is a low-cost transducer with great potential and that, looking forward, it can be used to increase the effectiveness of the existing EW, SHM and SHMR Systems. The development of systems involving NSHT also follows the new approach to innovation policy contributing to different points of the 2030 Agenda
Reducing current crowding in meander superconducting strip single-photon detectors by thickening bends
Authors: Xiong Jia-Min , Zhang Wei-Jun , Xu Guang-Zhao , You Li-Xing , Zhang Xing-Yu , Zhang Lu , Zhang Cheng-Jun , Fan Dong-Hui , Wang Yu-Ze , Li Hao , Wang Zhen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To facilitate high optical coupling efficiency and absorptance, the active area of a superconducting nano/microstrip single-photon detector (SNSPD/SMSPD) is often designed as a meander configuration with a high filling factor (e.g. ⩾0.5). However, the switching current (I
sw) of SNSPD/SMSPD, at which the detector switches into the normal state, is significantly suppressed by a geometry-induced ‘current crowding effect’, where there are sharp bends in the strip. Here, we propose and experimentally verify an alternative method to reduce current crowding both in SNSPD and SMSPD by directly increasing the thickness of the bends through the deposition and lift-off of a secondary superconducting film. We measure and compare the performance of SNSPDs and SMSPDs with different filling factors and bend configurations, with or without thickened bends. Improvements for detectors were observed in detection efficiency, intrinsic dark count rate, and time jitter, owing to the enhanced I
sw. Our method provides a promising way of optimizing SNSPD/SMSPD detection performance.
Relative Astrometry in an Annular Field
Authors: Gai M. , Vecchiato A. , Riva A. , Butkevich A. G. , Busonero D. , Qi Z. , Lattanzi M. G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background. Relative astrometry at or below the microarcsec level with a 1 m class space telescope has been repeatedly proposed as a tool for exo-planet detection and characterization, as well as for several topics at the forefront of Astrophysics and Fundamental Physics. Aim. This paper investigates the potential benefits of an instrument concept based on an annular field of view, as compared to a traditional focal plane imaging a contiguous area close to the telescope optical axis. Method. Basic aspects of relative astrometry are reviewed as a function of the distribution on the sky of reference stars brighter than G = 12 mag (from Gaia EDR3). Statistics of field stars for targets down to G = 8 mag is evaluated by analysis and simulation. Results. Observation efficiency benefits from prior knowledge on individual targets, since source model is improved with few measurements. Dedicated observations (10–20 hr) can constrain the orbital inclination of exoplanets to a few degrees. Observing strategy can be tailored to include a sample of stars, materialising the reference frame, sufficiently large to average down the residual catalog errors to the desired microarcsec level. For most targets, the annular field provides typically more reference stars, by a factor four to seven in our case, than the conventional field. The brightest reference stars for each target are up to 2 mag brighter. Conclusions. The proposed annular field telescope concept improves on observation flexibility and/or astrometric performance with respect to conventional designs. It appears therefore as an appealing contribution to optimization of future relative astrometry missions.
The Book as Archive
Authors: Hidalgo Alex 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The article centers on a handwritten account of the stillbirth of conjoined twins in eighteenth-century Mexico stitched into a book about natural history. Finding things in books as part of an accidental process of discovery in the present does not equal random acts by users in the past. Inserting documents and prints of various kinds into books represented for historical actors a distinct kind of archival practice that combined careful observation, deliberation, and a certain measure of dexterity to manipulate the physicality of a book. Examples of records and objects found in other titles from the same time period and region help to contextualize the way people used books and how they stored memories, as well as what we as researchers can learn when critically analyzing the materiality of print.
VIQoR: a web service for visually supervised protein inference and protein quantification
Authors: Tsiamis Vasileios , Schwämmle Veit 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Motivation
In quantitative bottom-up mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics, the reliable estimation of protein concentration changes from peptide quantifications between different biological samples is essential. This estimation is not a single task but comprises the two processes of protein inference and protein abundance summarization. Furthermore, due to the high complexity of proteomics data and associated uncertainty about the performance of these processes, there is a demand for comprehensive visualization methods able to integrate protein with peptide quantitative data including their post-translational modifications. Hence, there is a lack of a suitable tool that provides post-identification quantitative analysis of proteins with simultaneous interactive visualization.

Results
In this article, we present VIQoR, a user-friendly web service that accepts peptide quantitative data of both labeled and label-free experiments and accomplishes the crucial components protein inference and summarization and interactive visualization modules, including the novel VIQoR plot. We implemented two different parsimonious algorithms to solve the protein inference problem, while protein summarization is facilitated by a well-established factor analysis algorithm called fast-FARMS followed by a weighted average summarization function that minimizes the effect of missing values. In addition, summarization is optimized by the so-called Global Correlation Indicator (GCI). We test the tool on three publicly available ground truth datasets and demonstrate the ability of the protein inference algorithms to handle shared peptides. We furthermore show that GCI increases the accuracy of the quantitative analysis in datasets with replicated design.

Availability and implementation
VIQoR is accessible at: http://computproteomics.bmb.sdu.dk/Apps/VIQoR/. The source code is available at: https://bitbucket.org/veitveit/viqor/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Network-based cancer heterogeneity analysis incorporating multi-view of prior information
Authors: Li Yang , Xu Shaodong , Ma Shuangge , Wu Mengyun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Cancer genetic heterogeneity analysis has critical implications for tumour classification, response to therapy and choice of biomarkers to guide personalized cancer medicine. However, existing heterogeneity analysis based solely on molecular profiling data usually suffers from a lack of information and has limited effectiveness. Many biomedical and life sciences databases have accumulated a substantial volume of meaningful biological information. They can provide additional information beyond molecular profiling data, yet pose challenges arising from potential noise and uncertainty.

Results
In this study, we aim to develop a more effective heterogeneity analysis method with the help of prior information. A network-based penalization technique is proposed to innovatively incorporate a multi-view of prior information from multiple databases, which accommodates heterogeneity attributed to both differential genes and gene relationships. To account for the fact that the prior information might not be fully credible, we propose a weighted strategy, where the weight is determined dependent on the data and can ensure that the present model is not excessively disturbed by incorrect information. Simulation and analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas glioblastoma multiforme data demonstrate the practical applicability of the proposed method.

Availability and implementation
R code implementing the proposed method is available at https://github.com/mengyunwu2020/PECM. The data that support the findings in this paper are openly available in TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) at https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A Decade of Change in the Gendered Organizational Structure of Methamphetamine Markets in the American Midwest
Authors: Grundetjern Heidi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhile much research has documented the gendered organization of crime markets, the variability of gender-segmentation across crime has received limited attention. Analysing interview data from a study involving two cohorts of incarcerated women who used methamphetamine in rural Missouri, USA, 40 in 2009 and 40 in 2019, this study investigates the organizational properties of markets following a shift from local methamphetamine production to imported methamphetamine, ice. Properties of the ice market include amplified uncertainty, rationality, complexity, and professionalism, as well as a shifted modus operandi with common use of violence; properties contributing to heightened exclusionary practices and gendered stereotyping. The study provides evidence to Steffensmeier’s theory of variability of gender segregation in crime markets and shows the ramifications that policy changes can have.
Delays to revascularization for patients with chronic limb-threatening ischaemia
Authors: Li Qiuju , Birmpili Panagiota , Johal Amundeep S , Waton Sam , Pherwani Arun D , Boyle Jonathan R , Cromwell David A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Vascular services in England are organized into regional hub-and-spoke models, with hubs performing arterial surgery. This study examined time to revascularization for chronic limb-threatening ischaemia (CLTI) within and across different care pathways, and its association with postrevascularization outcomes.

Methods
Three inpatient and four outpatient care pathways were identified for patients with CLTI undergoing revascularization between April 2015 and March 2019 using Hospital Episode Statistics data. Differences in times from presentation to revascularization across care pathways were analysed using Cox regression. The relationship between postoperative outcomes and time to revascularization was evaluated by logistic regression.

Results
Among 16 483 patients with CLTI, 9470 had pathways starting with admission to a hub or spoke hospital, whereas 7013 (42.5 per cent) were first seen at outpatient visits. Among the inpatient pathways, patients admitted to arterial hubs had shorter times to revascularization than those admitted to spoke hospitals (median 5 (i.q.r. 2–10) versus 12 (7–19) days; P &lt; 0.001). Shorter times to revascularization were also observed for patients presenting to outpatient clinics at arterial hubs compared with spoke hospitals (13 (6–25) versus 26 (15–35) days; P &lt; 0.001). Within most care pathways, longer delays to revascularizsation were associated with increased risks of postoperative major amputation and in-hospital death, but the effect of delay differed across pathways.

Conclusion
For patients with CLTI, time to revascularization was influenced by presentation to an arterial hub or spoke hospital. Generally, longer delays to revascularization were associated with worse outcomes, but the impact of delay differed across pathways.
Biallelic variants in SLC35B2 cause a novel chondrodysplasia with hypomyelinating leukodystrophy
Authors: Guasto Alessandra , Dubail Johanne , Aguilera-Albesa Sergio , Paganini Chiara , Vanhulle Catherine , Haouari Walid , Gorría-Redondo Nerea , Aznal-Sainz Elena , Boddaert Nathalie , Planas-Serra Laura , Schlüter Agatha , Vélez-Santamaría Valentina , Verdura Edgard , Bruneel Arnaud , Rossi Antonio , Huber Céline , Pujol Aurora , Cormier-Daire Valérie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sulphated proteoglycans are essential in skeletal and brain development. Recently, pathogenic variants in genes encoding proteins involved in the proteoglycan biosynthesis have been identified in a range of chondrodysplasia associated with intellectual disability. Nevertheless, several patients remain with unidentified molecular basis. This study aimed to contribute to the deciphering of new molecular bases in patients with chondrodysplasia and neurodevelopmental disease.
Exome sequencing was performed to identify pathogenic variants in patients presenting with chondrodysplasia and intellectual disability. The pathogenic effects of the potentially causative variants were analysed by functional studies.
We identified homozygous variants (c.1218_1220del and c.1224_1225del) in SLC35B2 in two patients with pre- and postnatal growth retardation, scoliosis, severe motor and intellectual disabilities and hypomyelinating leukodystrophy. By functional analyses, we showed that the variants affect SLC35B2 mRNA expression and protein subcellular localization leading to a functional impairment of the protein. Consistent with those results, we detected proteoglycan sulphation impairment in SLC35B2 patient fibroblasts and serum.
Our data support that SLC35B2 functional impairment causes a novel syndromic chondrodysplasia with hypomyelinating leukodystrophy, most likely through a proteoglycan sulphation defect. This is the first time that SLC35B2 variants are associated with bone and brain development in human.
Viral Borders: Migration, Deceleration, and the Re-Bordering of Mobility during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: De Genova Nicholas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
States’ efforts to govern the COVID-19 public health emergency have been entangled with the ongoing work of producing and enforcing borders. Thus, on a global scale, the public health crisis has been converted into various spectacles of ostensible border “crisis.” Rather than seeing borders as purely a matter of control, however, it is instructive to situate the tactics of border enforcement in relation to the primacy, autonomy, and subjectivity of human mobility. If we start from the human freedom of movement and recognize border enforcement as a reaction formation, various tactics of border policing can be seen to introduce interruptions that temporarily decelerate cross-border mobilities. Compelled to revert to a kind of “standby” mode, migrants are temporarily immobilized and must find ways to convert their waiting from “dead time” into more or less productive time. Waiting to be re-activated, their mobilities remain an intractable and always potentially disruptive constitutive power.
Layer- and cell-type-specific differences in neural activity in mouse barrel cortex during a whisker detection task
Authors: Vandevelde Jens R , Yang Jenq-Wei , Albrecht Steffen , Lam Henry , Kaufmann Paul , Luhmann Heiko J , Stüttgen Maik C 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo address the question which neocortical layers and cell types are important for the perception of a sensory stimulus, we performed multielectrode recordings in the barrel cortex of head-fixed mice performing a single-whisker go/no-go detection task with vibrotactile stimuli of differing intensities. We found that behavioral detection probability decreased gradually over the course of each session, which was well explained by a signal detection theory-based model that posits stable psychometric sensitivity and a variable decision criterion updated after each reinforcement, reflecting decreasing motivation. Analysis of multiunit activity demonstrated highest neurometric sensitivity in layer 4, which was achieved within only 30 ms after stimulus onset. At the level of single neurons, we observed substantial heterogeneity of neurometric sensitivity within and across layers, ranging from nonresponsiveness to approaching or even exceeding psychometric sensitivity. In all cortical layers, putative inhibitory interneurons on average proffered higher neurometric sensitivity than putative excitatory neurons. In infragranular layers, neurons increasing firing rate in response to stimulation featured higher sensitivities than neurons decreasing firing rate. Offline machine-learning-based analysis of videos of behavioral sessions showed that mice performed better when not moving, which at the neuronal level, was reflected by increased stimulus-evoked firing rates.