bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A High-Quality Chromosome-Level Assembly Genome Provides Insights into Wing Dimorphism and Xenobiotic Detoxification in Metopolophium Dirhodum (Walker)
Authors: Zhu Bin , Wei Rui , Hua Wenjuan , Li Lu , Zhang Wenlin , Liang Pei , Gao Xiwu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

The rose-grain aphid, Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the most important aphid pests of cereals worldwide. Some studies have examined the biological and ecological characteristics of M. dirhodum. However, the lack of genomic data limits in-depth studies for this organism. Here, we presented a chromosome-level genome assembly of M. dirhodum using PacBio long HiFi reads and Hi-C technology. The final genome assembly is 447.8 Mb, with 98.50% of the assembled sequences anchored into nine chromosomes. The contig and scaffold N50 values are 7.82 Mb and 37.54 Mb, respectively. 18,003 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 92.05% were functionally annotated. Transcriptome sequencing was performed between wingless and winged M. dirhodum, and ecdysone signaling is identified to be involved in wing dimorphism. High titers of ecdysone may promote the expression of E74A, BR-C and FTZ-F1 through ECR, and then induce more wingless individuals. Many detoxification enzyme genes showed different expression patterns between wingless and winged M. dirhodum, indicating the wing dimorphism is accompanied by a parallel change of detoxification mechanism. These results may provide an important reference for understanding the evolution, wing dimorphism and detoxification metabolic of this organism or even other Aphid insects.
Predicting mechanical complications after adult spinal deformity surgery using a machine learning approach
Authors: Kim Kyung Hyun , Noh Sung Hyun , Lee Hye Sun , Park Go Eun , Ha Yoon , Park Jeong Yoon , Kuh Sung Uk , Chin Dong Kyu , Kim Keun Su , Cho Yong Eun , Kim Sang Hyun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Several methods have been developed to prevent mechanical complications after adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery, but mechanical complications remain frequent in ASD surgery. A modified Global Alignment and Proportion (GAP) scoring system in addition to body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD; the GAPB system), was developed to predict mechanical complications after ASD surgery. This study aimed to create an ideal machine learning model to predict mechanical complications in ASD surgery based on GAPB factors. Between January 2009 and December 2018, 238 consecutive patients with ASD, who received at least four-level fusions and were followed-up for ≥2 years, were included in the study. Data collection included demographic and radiological examinations. The data were stratified into training (n=167, 70%) and test (n=71, 30%) sets and input to machine learning algorithms, including logistic regression, random forest gradient boosting system, and deep neural network. The patients’ average age and follow-up period were 67.1±6.17 years and 28.54±4.25 months, respectively. BMI, BMD, the relative pelvic version score, the relative lumbar lordosis score, and the relative sagittal alignment score of the GAP score were significantly different in the training and test sets (p<0.05) between the complication and no complication groups. In the training set, the AUCs for logistic regression, gradient boosting, random forest, and deep neural network were 0.871 (0.817–0.925), 0.942 (0.911–0.974), 1.000 (1.000–1.000), and 0.947 (0.915–0.980), respectively, and the accuracies were 0.784 (0.722–0.847), 0.868 (0.817–0.920), 1.000 (1.000–1.000), and 0.856 (0.803–0.909), respectively. In the test set, the AUCs were 0.785 (0.678–0.893), 0.808 (0.702–0.914), 0.810 (0.710–0.910), and 0.730 (0.610–0.850), respectively, and the accuracies were 0.732 (0.629–0.835), 0.718 (0.614–0.823), 0.732 (0.629–0.835), and 0.620 (0.507–0.733), respectively. The random forest achieved the best predictive performance on the training and test dataset. This study created a comprehensive model to predict mechanical complications after ASD surgery, and the random forest showed the best predictive ability. This information can be used to prevent mechanical complications during ASD surgery.
Cutting-state identification of machine tools based on improved Dempster-Shafer evidence theory
Authors: Sun Yingqiang , Xu Bo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The reliability of machine tools is highly influenced by the cutting-state. The traditional recognition method of cutting-state is emphasis on a single classifier, which has the weakness of low identification accuracy and strong randomness. This paper proposes a cutting-state identification method based on improved Dempster-Shafer (DS) evidence theory. This method is divided into multi-classifier preliminary-diagnosis layer and improved DS information-fusion layer. The wavelet packet analysis method is extracted as the input of multi-classifier (Back Propagation (BP) neural network, genetic algorithm Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimized BP neural network and thinking evolution (Mind Evolutionary Algorithms) MEA optimized BP neural network). After the preliminary judgment, the improved DS information-fusion method is integrated as the final judgment, and finally the effectiveness and feasibility of the method are verified.
Multi-nozzle electrospray method for high-throughput uniform superhydrophobic coating
Authors: Kwon Kye-Si , Mosa Md. Abu , Kim Se Hyun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Electrospray is an effective method to fabricate functional layers on substrates. With electrospray, uniform and fine droplets can be created and attracted to the substrate without being blown away using the electric field formed by the nozzle and the substrate. The uniformity of coated layer is seldom affected by the fluid drying process (such as Marangoni flow on substrates) since the size of droplets could reach micron level and the solvents in the droplets could evaporate quickly. That is why the electrospray process is often referred to as ‘dry deposition’. However, when a multi-nozzle electrospray system is considered for a faster fabrication process of large substrates, the drying process could be completely different from that of a single nozzle system. In addition, crosstalk and non-uniform spray volume from each nozzle could be an additional issue to be addressed. In this study, we proposed a multi-nozzle electrospray system and process to average out the non-uniformity of the spray amount and obtain the uniformity of the layer through a fast-drying process. Finally, we demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed methods by fabricating superhydrophobic layers on a highly insulating substrate.
The Add-on Effects of Danhong Injection Among Patients With Ischemic Stroke Receiving Western Medicines: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ma Yu , Deng Ke , Liu Jiali , Ma Bin , Mei Fan , Hui Wen , Luo Xiaochao , Yao Minghong , Liu Yanmei , Qin Xuan , Zhou Xu , Zou Kang , Li Ling , Sun Xin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Danhong injection is widely used for treating ischemic stroke in China. However, its effects on ischemic stroke patients when adding to western medicines (i.e., the add-on effect) were not well established.Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and three Chinese databases from inception to 20 July 2020 to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that assessed the effects of Danhong injection as an add-on therapy in patients with ischemic stroke. Pairs of trained reviewers independently screened for eligible studies, assessed risk of bias, and extracted data. The outcomes were National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Score (NIHSS), Barthel index, activities of daily living (ADL), total cholesterol and homocysteine (Hcy).Results: 67 RCTs of 6594 patients with varying risk of bias were included. Compared with western medicine alone, the addition of Danhong injection to western medicine significantly lowered NIHSS score (45 RCTs with 4565 patients; MD -4.21, 95% CI -4.96～-3.46), total cholesterol (10 trials with 1019 patients; MD -1.14 mmol/L, 95% CI -1.57～-0.72) and Hcy (4 trials with 392 patients; MD -3.54 μmol/L, 95% CI -4.38～-2.07). The addition of Danhong also increased Barthel index (14 trials with 1270 patients; MD 8.71, 95% CI 3.68～13.74) and ADL (12 trials with 1114 patients; MD 14.48, 95% CI 9.04～19.92) scores. Subgroup analyses showed differential effects in average cerebral blood flow rate by mean age of patients (<60 years: MD 0.74 cm/s, 95% CI 0.29～1.19; ≥60 years: MD 4.09 cm/s, 95% CI 2.02～6.16; interaction P=0.002) and NIHSS score by type of baseline western medicines (interaction P<0.00001). Conclusions: The addition of Danhong injection to western medicine may improve neurological function, self-care ability and blood lipids of ischemic stroke patients. Furthermore, patients with different age and receiving different baseline western medicines may have different benefits in hemodynamic status and neurological function, respectively.
Associations Between Maternal Awakening Salivary Cortisol Levels in Mid-Pregnancy and Adverse Birth Outcomes
Authors: Vlenterie Richelle , Prins Judith B. , Roeleveld Nel , Gelder Marleen van 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose

Elevated levels of maternal cortisol have been hypothesized as the intermediate process between symptoms of depression and psychosocial stress during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes. Therefore, we examined associations between cortisol levels in the second trimester of pregnancy and risks of three common birth outcomes in a nested case-control study.
Methods

This study was embedded in the PRIDE Study (n=3,019), from which we selected all cases with preterm birth (n=64), low birth weight (n=49), and small-for-gestational age (SGA; n=65), and 260 randomly selected controls, among the participants who provided a single awakening saliva sample in approximately gestational week 19 in 2012-2016. Multivariable linear and logistic regression was performed to assess the associations between continuous and categorized cortisol levels and the selected outcomes.
Results

We did not observe any associations between maternal cortisol levels and preterm birth and low birth weight. However, high cortisol levels (≥90th percentile) seemed to be associated with SGA (adjusted odds ratio 2.1, 95% confidence interval 0.9-4.8), in particular among girls (adjusted odds ratio 3.7, 95% confidence interval 1.1-11.9, based on 8 exposed cases) in an exploratory analysis.
Conclusion

The results of this study showed no suggestions of associations between maternal awakening cortisol levels in mid-pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes, except for an increased risk of SGA.
Retinoschisin and novel Na/K-ATPase interaction partners Kv2.1 and Kv8.2 define a growing protein complex at the inner segments of mammalian photoreceptors
Authors: Schmid Verena , Wurzel Alexander , Wetzel Christian H. , Plössl Karolina , Bruckmann Astrid , Weber Bernhard , Friedrich Ulrike 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The RS1 gene on Xp 22.13 encodes retinoschisin protein which is known to directly interact with the retinal Na/K-ATPase at the photoreceptor inner segments. Pathologic mutations in RS1 cause X-linked juvenile retinoschisis (XLRS), a hereditary retinal dystrophy in young males. To further delineate the retinoschisin-Na/K-ATPase complex, co-immunoprecipitation was performed with porcine and murine retinal lysates targeting the ATP1A3 subunit. This identified the voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channel subunits Kv2.1 and Kv8.2 as direct interaction partners of the retinal Na/K-ATPase. Colocalization of the individual components of the complex was demonstrated at the membrane of photoreceptor inner segments. We further show that retinoschisin-deficiency, a frequent consequence of molecular pathology in XLRS, causes mislocalization of the macromolecular complex and reduced protein expression of Kv2.1 and Kv8.2 during postnatal retinal development, while retinal Na/K-ATPase expression remains unaffected. Patch-clamp analysis revealed no effect of retinoschisin-deficiency on Kv channel mediated potassium ion currents. Together, our data suggest that Kv2.1 and Kv8.2 are integral parts of a macromolecular complex together with retinoschisin and the retinal Na/K-ATPase. Defective compartmentalization of this complex due to retinoschisin-deficiency may be a crucial step in initial XLRS pathogenesis.
Structure Guided Drug Designing Coupled to Advanced Molecular Dynamics Revealed Differential Binding Properties (Affinity/Stability) of Celecoxib and Niflumic Acid in the Active Site of Cyclooxygenase-2 Enzyme
Authors: ganai shabir ahmad , Shah Basit Amin , Lone Asif , Arwa Faieza , Malik Firdose Ahmad 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has aggressive implications in inflammation triggered disorders such as neurodegeneration and cancer. Among the various inhibitors available for this enzyme celecoxib and niflumic acid are considered as selective inhibitors. These inhibitors have shown in vitro assays have been observed to hamper the COX-2 activity. However, the structural studies at atomistic depth shedding light on diverse aspects of these inhibitors in the binding groove of COX-2 have not been addressed. Thus, in this study we employed structure-governed drug designing approach in concert with real-time molecular dynamics for unravelling the binding likeliness, interaction mechanism and stability of niflumic acid and celecoxib in the COX-2 active site. Our findings indicate the relatively higher binding proclivity and stability of niflumic acid in the active site of COX-2 as compared to celecoxib. Although these inhibitors bind at the same COX-2 site but they revealed differential interaction profile. The outcome from this study will serve as a point of departure for designing novel COX-2 inhibitors with improved potency, selectivity and stability for their subsequent use to vanquish vicious inflammation backed disorders.
Do audit committee attributes improve integrated reporting quality? Evidence from European Companies listed on STOXX EUROPE 600 INDEX
Authors: belhouchet saida , CHOUAIBI Jamel 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to shed light on the relationship between audit committee attributes and the integrated reporting quality (IRQ). This study uses panel data and multiple regression. The outcomes almost entirely confirm the expectations relating to the impact of audit committee attributes on the IRQ. In particular financial expertise and meetings are shown to have a significant positive impact on IRQ. However, we do not find a significant association between key aspects of the audit committee function, such as audit committee independence and IRQ.
Statins and the Risk of Gastric, Colorectal, and Esophageal Cancer Incidence and Mortality: a Cohort Study Based on Data From the Korean National Health Insurance Claims Database
Authors: Kim Dong-sook , Kim Hyun Jung , Ahn Hyeong Sik 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: This study investigated the association between the use of statins, the incidence of gastric, colorectal, and esophageal cancers, and mortality in South Korea.Methods: We compared patients aged 45-70 years statin users for at least 6 months to non-statin users matched by age and sex, during 2005 to June 2013 using the National Health Insurance database Main outcomes were gastric, colorectal, and esophageal cancer incidence and mortality. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to calculate the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results: Out of 1,008,101 people, 21,454 incident cancers and 4,031 cancer deaths occurred. The aHRs for the association between the risk of cancers and statin use were 0.71 (95% CI 0.67-0.75) for gastric cancer, 0.73 (95% CI 0.69-0.78) for colorectal cancer, and 0.56 (95% CI 0.44-0.71) for esophageal cancer. There were associations between statin use and decreased gastric cancer mortality (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.62-0.85), and colorectal cancer mortality (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.57-0.80), whereas no significant association for esophageal cancer mortality. Discussion: Statin use for at least 6 months was significantly associated with a lower risk of cancer incidence and cancer mortality after a diagnosis of stomach cancer and colorectal cancer.
Effects of Voids and Raster Orientations on Fatigue Life of Notched Additively Manufactured PLA Components
Authors: Fard Soran Hassani , Behdinan Kamran 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this study, the fatigue life of notched Polylactic acid (PLA) samples fabricated through the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique was studied experimentally and numerically. The volumetric method based on the theory of critical distance was employed for fatigue life predictions. The effects of influential process parameters including raster orientation and FDM-induced defects such as voids or gaps inside the parts were examined on the fatigue strength reduction factors and fatigue lives. Circular and elliptical-shaped notch geometries were considered with various dimensions. Fatigue tests were conducted on notched and un-notched samples at the load ratio of 0.1. Predicted results were compared with experimental fatigue test data. Results revealed that the raster orientation parameter had a substantial impact on fatigue strength reduction factors and fatigue lives. The stress concentrations induced by the FDM process on the surfaces and inside the parts for the samples with 90º raster angles acted similar to the sharp notches, resulting in no substantial difference in fatigue life of notched and un-notched 3D printed samples. In contrast, un-notched 3D printed specimens with 0º raster orientations possessed higher fatigue lives as compared to the notched samples. While the volumetric approach efficiently predicted the fatigue lives of the samples with 90º raster orientations, it moderately underpredicted the fatigue lives of the samples with 0º raster angles.
Actin Related Protein 2/3 Complex Subunit 2-enriched extracellular vesicles drive liver cancer metastasis
Authors: Mei Piaorong , Tey Sze Keong , Wong Samuel , Ng Tung Him , Mao Xiaowen , Yeung Cherlie , Huang Qianhua , Cao Peihua , Yam Judy Wai Ping , Gao Yi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundExtracellular vesicles (EVs) play pivotal roles in tumor growth, cancer metastasis and angiogenesis. Here, we aimed to identify proteins that contribute to the functionality of EVs derived from metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. MethodsProteins of EVs derived from metastatic HCC cells and normal liver cells were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Proteomic profiling identified Actin Related Protein 2/3 Complex Subunit 2 (ARPC2) to be highly expresses in EVs of metastatic HCC cells. The expression of ARPC2 in EVs and HCC tissues was examined using immunoblotting and TCGA database, respectively. The functional roles of EV-ARPC2 was investigated by knockout approach and various in vitro and in vivo assays. ResultsARPC2 was highly expressed in EVs of metastatic cells but barely detected in non-metastatic HCC cells and normal liver cells. Immunogold labeling showed the presence of APRC2 on the surface of EVs. Analysis of TCGA database of liver cancer revealed ARPC2 overexpression was correlated with poor prognosis of patients. ARPC2 was knockout in metastatic HCC cells. EVs derived from knockout cells displayed compromised activity in enhancing cell growth, motility and metastasis compared to EVs of control cells. Pimozide, an inhibitor of APRC2, also inhibited the promoting effect of EVs of metastatic cells in lung colonization of tumor cells in mice. ConclusionThis study reveals previously unreported expression and function of ARPC2 in EVs. EVs with highly expressed ARPC2 enhances cancer cell growth and metastasis. ARPC2 may provide a prospective target for the novel treatment of HCC patients.
A Quantitative Model of The Cerebral Windkessel as A Frequency-Sensitive Filter to Provide A Novel Understanding of Intracranial Dynamics
Authors: Egnor Michael , Yang Liu , Mani Racheed , Fiore Susan , Djuric Petar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Traditional models of intracranial dynamics fail to capture several important features of the cerebral windkessel. Experiments show that the cerebral windkessel is a band-stop filter tuned to the heart rate, which is not consistent with existing pressure-volume compartment models. Flow MRI studies in humans reveal expansion and relaxation of the cranial contents during the cardiac cycle that continuously opposes arterial expansion and relaxation, and we suggest this is the way the windkessel is implemented in the cranium. This systolic-diastolic brain motion is analogous to the loading and unloading of the capacitor plates in the model circuit.Methods: In this study, we use exogenous input autoregressive (ARX) modeling of a simple band-stop electrical circuit to model the cerebral windkessel of normal dogs. We compare the circuit waveforms to waveforms measured in dogs, and we examine the dynamics that underlie the cerebral windkessel.Results: Our ARX analysis shows close agreement between the circuit and the windkessel, which implies similar physical mechanisms of pulsation suppression. This correspondence between physiological data and circuit dynamics suggests that the cerebral windkessel is a frequency-sensitive band-stop filter for the passage of arterial power through the cranium. Another perspective from which to understand the windkessel is to consider the smooth offset and the pulsatile components of cerebral arterial flow as DC and AC power respectively. In the cranium, DC power of cerebral blood flow passes through the capillary bed to the veins and AC power is diverted through the CSF to the veins. This windkessel mechanism optimizes smooth capillary flow and minimizes potentially damaging capillary pulsatility.Conclusions: Our windkessel model provides substantial new insights into intracranial dynamics, cerebral blood flow and capillary circulation, and it provides a new framework for the study and treatment of several common disorders of intracranial dynamics such as cerebral edema, hydrocephalus, pseudotumor cerebri, and Cushing’s reflex.
Backward- and forward-wave soliton co-existence due to second-neighbor coupling in a left-handed transmission line
Authors: Mahmoud Dahirou , Abdoulkary Saïdou , English Lars , Mohamadou Alidou 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We study analytically and numerically the impact of the second-neighbor interactions on the propagation of an initial wave-packet through a coupled nonlinear left-handed transmission line. We start with a detailed analysis of the dispersion curve and group velocity. We then use the quasi-discrete approximation with respect to long wavelength transverse perturbations to reduce the nonlinear discrete model of the lattice to a nonlinear Schrödinger equation. A detailed analysis of the product of the group velocity dispersion (P) and the nonlinear term (Q) is presented with respect to the relevant parameters of the system. Intriguingly, we analytically observe that the product can be either simultaneously positive and negative, or positive positive, or even negative negative in different frequency bands. Our numerical results demonstrate that for sufficiently strong second-neighbor coupling, bright backward-wave pulses and dark solitons can coexist at a common frequency, and these travel in opposite directions through the lattice.PACS 05.45,Yv · 04.20.Jb · 42.65.Tg