bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Income assistance use among young adults who were in British Columbia special education: A longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Scott Craig William Michael , Russell Matthew Joseph , Tough Suzanne , Zwicker Jennifer D. 
Published: October 2022

Background
Persons with disability (PWD) experience disproportionately high poverty rates in Canada. This trend is apparent especially among youth compared to those who develop disabilities later in life. PWD in poverty have additional needs that increase barriers to full participation in society and translate to higher basic costs for daily living. Despite the existence of income assistance programs in Canada to mitigate income inequalities faced by PWDs, access to these programs can be limited.

Objective
To describe use of income assistance for young adults with disability in British Columbia for the development of potential approaches to improve realized access to these programs.

Methods
We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using British Columbia linked administrative data. We described differences in income assistance use among PWD by the level of special education funding received during primary school education (from most to least; Level 1, Level 2, Level 3, Unfunded, and no special education) and family composition. We also provided longitudinal patterns of income assistance use.

Results
Of 218,324 young adults, 88% received no special education, 0.1% used Level One, 1.6% used Level Two, 2.9% used Level Three, and 7.1% used Unfunded special education coding. Young adults with Level One special education funding had the highest rates of hospitalizations and continuing care, with no hospitalization due to homelessness. Those with Level Three special education coding had higher rates of hospitalization and hospitalization due to homelessness than Level Two young adults. When transitioning to adulthood initially, Level One and Two funded individuals used relatively more disability income assistance than individuals from the other funding levels. Nearly all BCEA users with higher funded special education codes used this disability-specific program, while lesser funded special education codes used the Temporary Assistance more frequently, for a longer duration and were more likely to be persistent Temporary Assistance users.

Conclusions
Sustainable and reliable access to income assistance programs remains an issue across the heterogeneity of needs faced by young adults with disability.
Building capacity of primary health care workers and clients on COVID-19: Results from a web-based training
Authors: Odusanya Olumuyiwa O. , Adeniran Adeyinka , Bakare Omowunmi Q. , Odugbemi Babatunde A. , Enikuomehin Oluwatoyin A. , Jeje Olugbenja O. , Emechebe Angela C. 
Published: October 2022

Background
Health care workers (HCWs) in the first line of care play critical roles in providing the correct information about the coronavirus disease to the community. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of virtual training on the knowledge, attitude, and preventive practices among PHC workers and their clients in the prevention and control of coronavirus disease.

Methods
A quasi-experimental intervention virtual training, using a before and after design amongst HCWs and clients was conducted at primary health care facilities in two Local Government Areas of Lagos State. The study instruments were pre-tested questionnaires for both HCWs and their clients. which investigated knowledge of symptoms, modes of disease transmission, methods of prevention, and preventive practices. Changes in knowledge, attitudes, and practices were compared pre-and post-intervention. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results
Sixty-three HCWs (out of 100 recruited at baseline) and 133 clients (out of the initial 226) completed the study. The mean ages of the HCWs and clients were 39.2±9.9 and 30.9±5.0 years respectively. At the baseline, the HCW’s knowledge was good in the domains of symptoms, modes of transmission, and preventive measures. The training led to a higher but not significant (p> 0.05) increase in the level of knowledge. Contact with trained HCWs was found to lead to significantly (P < 0.001) higher levels of knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices. amongst clients.

Conclusion
The training was effective in improving the knowledge of both the trained HCWs and their clients.
Expression profile of serum LncRNA THRIL and MiR-125b in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Elamir Azza , Shaker Olfat , Kamal Marwa , Khalefa Abeer , Abdelwahed Mostafa , Abd El Reheem Fadwa , Ahmed Tarek , Hassan Essam , Ayoub Shymaa 
Published: October 2022

Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. We aimed to investigate, for the first time, the expression profile of serum level of LncRNA THRIL and MiR-125b in IBD patients and their relations with patient’s clinical and biochemical investigations.

Methods
Our study included 210 subjects divided into 70 healthy subjects considered as control group (male and female), 70 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 70 patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). Blood samples were obtained from all subjects. Expression of LncRNA THRIL and MiR-125b in serum was detected by Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR).

Results
Our results showed a significant increase in the fold change of LncRNA THRIL in UC patients (Median = 11.11, IQR; 10.21–12.45, P<0.001) and CD patients (Median = 5.87, IQR; 4.57–7.88, P<0.001) compared to controls. Meanwhile there was a significant decrease in the fold change of MiR-125b in UC patients (Median = 0.36, IQR; 0.19–0.61, P<0.001) and CD patients (Median = 0.69, IQR; 0.3–0.83, P<0.001) compared to controls. Furthermore, there was a negative significant correlation between LncRNA THRIL and MiR-125b in UC patients (r = -0.28, P = 0.016) and in CD patients (r = -0.772, P<0.001). ROC curve analysis was done showing the diagnostic value of these markers as predictors in differentiating between cases of UC, CD, and control.

Conclusion
Serum LncRNA THRIL and MiR-125b could be used as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease.
Comparing machine learning algorithms for multimorbidity prediction: An example from the Elsa-Brasil study
Authors: Polessa Paula Daniela , Barbosa Aguiar Odaleia , Pruner Marques Larissa , Bensenor Isabela , Suemoto Claudia Kimie , Mendes da Fonseca Maria de Jesus , Griep Rosane Härter 
Published: October 2022

Background
Multimorbidity is a worldwide concern related to greater disability, worse quality of life, and mortality. The early prediction is crucial for preventive strategies design and integrative medical practice. However, knowledge about how to predict multimorbidity is limited, possibly due to the complexity involved in predicting multiple chronic diseases.

Methods
In this study, we present the use of a machine learning approach to build cost-effective multimorbidity prediction models. Based on predictors easily obtainable in clinical practice (sociodemographic, clinical, family disease history and lifestyle), we build and compared the performance of seven multilabel classifiers (multivariate random forest, and classifier chain, binary relevance and binary dependence, with random forest and support vector machine as base classifiers), using a sample of 15105 participants from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). We developed a web application for the building and use of prediction models.

Results
Classifier chain with random forest as base classifier performed better (accuracy = 0.34, subset accuracy = 0.15, and Hamming Loss = 0.16). For different feature sets, random forest based classifiers outperformed those based on support vector machine. BMI, blood pressure, sex, and age were the features most relevant to multimorbidity prediction.

Conclusions
Our results support the choice of random forest based classifiers for multimorbidity prediction.
Capturing the experiences of UK healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A structural topic modelling analysis of 7,412 free-text survey responses
Authors: Lamb Danielle , Wright Liam , Scott Hannah , Croak Bethany , Gnanapragasam Sam , Docherty Mary , Greenberg Neil , Hotopf Matthew , Stevelink Sharon A. M. , Raine Rosalind , Wessely Simon 
Published: October 2022

Background
Healthcare workers (HCWs) have provided vital services during the COVID-19 pandemic, but existing research consists of quantitative surveys (lacking in depth or context) or qualitative interviews (with limited generalisability). Structural Topic Modelling (STM) of large-scale free-text survey data offers a way of capturing the perspectives of a wide range of HCWs in their own words about their experiences of the pandemic.

Methods
In an online survey distributed to all staff at 18 geographically dispersed NHS Trusts, we asked respondents, “Is there anything else you think we should know about your experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic?”. We used STM on 7,412 responses to identify topics, and thematic analysis on the resultant topics and text excerpts.

Results
We identified 33 topics, grouped into two domains, each containing four themes. Our findings emphasise: the deleterious effect of increased workloads, lack of PPE, inconsistent advice/guidance, and lack of autonomy; differing experiences of home working as negative/positive; and the benefits of supportive leadership and peers in ameliorating challenges. Themes varied by demographics and time: discussion of home working decreasing over time, while discussion of workplace challenges increased. Discussion of mental health was lowest between September-November 2020, between the first and second waves of COVID-19 in the UK.

Discussion
Our findings represent the most salient experiences of HCWs through the pandemic. STM enabled statistical examination of how the qualitative themes raised differed according to participant characteristics. This relatively underutilised methodology in healthcare research can provide more nuanced, yet generalisable, evidence than that available via surveys or small interview studies, and should be used in future research.
Clinical outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for colorectal neoplasms: A single-center experience in Southern Taiwan
Authors: Ko Chen-Yu , Yao Chih-Chien , Li Yu-Chi , Lu Lung-Sheng , Chou Yeh-Pin , Hu Ming-Luen , Chiu Yi-Chun , Chuah Seng-Kee , Tai Wei-Chen 
Published: October 2022

Background and aims
Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) as an advanced endoscopic procedure can be considered for the removal of colorectal lesions with high suspicion of limited submucosal invasion or cannot be optimally removed by snare-based techniques. We aimed to analyze the clinical outcomes of ESD for colorectal neoplasms in our hospital.

Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 230 patients with 244 colorectal neoplasms who received ESD procedures from April 2012 to October 2020 at Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Clinicopathological data were collected by chart review. We also recorded ESD-related complications and clinical outcomes.

Results
The average age was 64 years old, with a mean follow-up time of 22.59 months. There was a loss of follow-up in 34 lesions. Most lesions were lateral spreading tumors of the non-granular type. The average ESD time was 51.9 minutes. Nine cases (3.7%) had procedure-related complications, including two intra-procedure perforations (0.8%) and seven delayed bleeding (2.9%) without procedure-related mortality. 241 lesions (98.8%) achieved en-bloc resection, while 207 lesions (84.8%) achieved R0 resection. Most lesions were tubulo-(villous) adenoma. Malignancy included 35 adenocarcinomas and 5 neuroendocrine tumors. No local recurrence was developed during follow-up. Multivariate analysis for long ESD time revealed significance in size ≥ 10 cm2 and endoscopist’s experience < 3 years. Pre-ESD endoscopic ultrasound revealed good prediction in discrimination of mucosal (sensitivity: 0.90) and submucosal lesion (specificity: 0.67).

Conclusions
ESD for colorectal neoplasms is an effective and safe technique. Size ≥ 10 cm2 and endoscopist’s experience < 3 years were significantly associated with long procedure time. Pre-ESD EUS provided a good prediction for colorectal neoplasms in invasion depth.
Merchandising technologies: It is still all about people; thank goodness
Authors: Hancock Joseph H. 
Published: October 2022

We continually hear that retail stores are on the decline. However, this is not true as retailers reinvent themselves using many technological advances. In this Fashion, Style & Popular Culture (FSPC) issue, we celebrate the many new ideas that our scholars put forth as the innovations and influences of fashion, brands, retail and merchandising.
Special guest editor: Catharine Weiss, Lasell University.
Modeling a Potential Plant Habitat Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Vaganov A.V. , Zaikov V.F. , Krotova O.S. , Musokhranov A.I. , Pokalyakin Z.V. , Khvorova L.A. 
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to modeling the potential distribution area of the species Pulsatilla turczaninovii Kryl. et Serg. Plant ecological niche modeling is the process of building models using modern computer algorithms and bioclimatic data to predict the distribution range of plant species. The result of the simulation is a model that can be used to map the area of growth or residence of species, predict the range or analyze the impact of the environment on species.
Data are required on both the presence of species and their absence in a particular territory to build effective models for predicting ecological niches of plants. View absence points (or background points) are not registered in databases, but can be generated using different approaches.
This article describes the implementation of three approaches to selecting pseudo-absence points of species in an operationally divided territory and presents the result of modeling the potential distribution area of the species Pulsatilla turczaninovii Kryl. et Serg. using the random forest algorithm — the most popular way to build ensembles of decision trees. The software implementation of the model is carried out in the high-level Python programming language.
Identifikasi Mikroplastik pada Sedimen Pantai Sukaraja, Lampung
Authors: Satiyarti Rina Budi , Wulan Pawhestri Suci , Adila Innas Salwa 
Published: October 2022

Microplastics are small part of degraded plastic waste which it size is under 5 mm. Microplastic could be found in water, soil, and air. A large amount of microplastics could harm the environment, especially aquatic ecosystem and water drainage. The aims of this study means to determine the characteristics and amount of microplastics in sediment from Sukaraja Beach, Bandar Lampung City. This research is ecology based study by using a quantitative descriptive approach. Sampling method was done using purposive sampling method at 3 locations. Observation result showed the colors of the microplastics are transparent white, blue, black, red and brown. The size of the microplastic particles were >250 µm. The amount of microplastics found in the sediment were 42 particles with 15 fibers, 6 films , 15 fragments, and 6 pelets. The total abundance of each station was 93.34 particles/kg at station I; 93.34 particles/kg at station II; and 93.34 particles/kg at station III. The DO results at station 1 were 3.61 mg/l at low tide and 5.79 at high tide, station II are 3.32 mg/l at high tide and 7.03 mg/l at low tide, and station III, the DO results at high tide were 3.41 mg/l and 5.21 at low tide. Mikroplastik adalah potongan dari limbah plastik yang terdegradasi dan memiliki ukuran kurang dari 5 mm, dapat dijumpai pada air, tanah, maupun udara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan jumlah kelimpahan mikroplastik yang ada pada sampel sedimen Pantai Sukaraja Kota Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini berbasis ekologi dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara random pada 3 titik lokasi penelitian. Warna mikroplastik yang ditemukan beragam mulai dari putih transparan, biru, hitam, merah dan coklat. Adapun ukuran dari partikel mikroplastik yang diperoleh dari penyaringan mikroplastik adalah >250 µm hal ini didasari oleh penggunaan saringan mesh yang memiliki kerapatan 250 µm. Total jumlah mikroplastik yang ditemukan pada sampel sedimen adalah 42 partikel dengan rincian 15 partikel tipe fiber, 6 partikel film, 15 partikel fragmen, dan 6 partikel pelet. Adapun total kelimpahan dari masing-masing stasiun adalah 93,34 partikel/kg pada stasiun I; 93,34 partikel/kg pada stasiun II; dan 93,34 partikel/kg pada stasiun III. Pada stasiun 1 diperoleh hasil DO yakni sebesar 3,61 mg/l pada kondisi surut dan 5,79 pada kondisi pasang. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh pada stasiun II yaitu 3,32 mg/l pada kondisi pasang dan 7,03mg/l pada kondisi surut. Pada stasiun III diperoleh hasil DO saat pasang 3,41 mg/l dan 5,21 saat surut.
Towards a fully integrated sub-THz microfluidic sensor platform for dielectric spectroscopy
Authors: Heine Carl , Durmaz Emre Can , Wang Defu , Cao Zhibo , Wietstruck Matthias , Tillack Bernd , Kissinger Dietmar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Dielectric spectroscopy in the sub-THz regime is a promising candidate for microfluidic-based analysis of biological cells and bio-molecules, since multiple vibrational and rotational transition energy levels exist in this frequency range (P. Siegel, “Terahertz technology in biology and medicine,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theor. Tech., vol. 52, pp. 2438–2447, 2004). This article presents our recent efforts in the implementation of microfluidic channel networks with silicon-based technologies to unleash the potential of an integrated sub-THz microfluidic sensor platform. Various aspects of dielectric sensors, readout systems, flowmeter design as well as implemention- and technology-related questions are addressed. Three dielectric sensor systems are presented operating at 240 GHz realizing transmission-based, reflection-based and full two-port architectures. Furthermore different silicon based microchannel integration techniques are discussed as well as a novel copper pillar-based PCB microchannel method is proposed and successfully demonstrated.
Control of multifunctional inverter to improve power quality in grid-tied solar photo voltaic systems
Authors: Daravath Ramesh , Sandepudi Srinivasa Rao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a control algorithm is proposed for a multifunctional inverter to improve power quality in a grid-tied solar photo voltaic (SPV) systems connected to non-linear and unbalanced loads. During light loads and low solar irradiance, the surplus capacity of inverter rating is optimally utilized to compensate some of the power quality (PQ) indices based on conservative power theory (CPT) along with active power injected into the utility grid and also connected loads. The stationary reference frame based proportional resonant (PR) current controller is designed to facilitate accurate tracking of inverter currents, fast time response under dynamic conditions when unbalanced and non-linear loads are connected at the point of common connection (PCC). The proposed control scheme enables selective compensation of power quality indices such as harmonics, unbalance and reactive powers depending on type of load and grid requirements there by, reducing the burden on the utility grid. Experimental results for various dynamic conditions are presented to validate the proposed controller performance and highlight the merits.
Characterization of mechanical properties of TaC/Fe composite layer on gray cast iron by using nano-indentation
Authors: Li Jilin , Zhao Nana , Li Shujuan , Xu Yunhua , Liu Heguang , Shao Tiantian , Wang Xin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A TaC/Fe composite layer was prepared on a gray cast iron surface by using the interfacial reaction technique. The phase composition, microstructure and crystal structure of TaC/Fe composite layer were analyzed with X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The hardness and elastic modulus of TaC/Fe composite layer were examined by nano-indentation testing. The plastic deformation behavior of TaC/Fe composite layer was characterized with the index of creep stress. The results demonstrated that the intrinsic hardness and elastic modulus of TaC/Fe composite layer were 21 GPa and 413 GPa, respectively. During nano-indentation testing, the plastic deformation resistance of TaC/Fe composite layer decreased with the increase in load, while the plastic deformation resistance decreased as the loading rate rose.
Introducing covariances of observations in the minimum L1-norm, is it needed?
Authors: Suraci Stefano S. , Oliveira Leonardo C. , Klein Ivandro , Goldschmidt Ronaldo R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The most common approaches for assigning weights to observations in minimum L1-norm (ML1) is to introduce weights of p or

p

\sqrt{p}

, p being the weights vector of observations given by the inverse of variances. Hence, they do not take covariances into consideration, being appropriated only to independent observations. To work around this limitation, methods for decorrelation/unit-weight reduction of observations originally developed in the context of least squares (LS) have been applied for ML1, although this adaptation still requires further investigations. In this article, we presented a deeper investigation into the mentioned adaptation and proposed the new ML1 expressions that introduce weights for both independent and correlated observations; and compared their results with the usual approaches that ignore covariances. Experiments were performed in a leveling network geometry by means of Monte Carlo simulations considering three different scenarios: independent observations, observations with “weak” correlations, and observations with “strong” correlations. The main conclusions are: (1) in ML1 adjustment of independent observations, adaptation of LS techniques introduces weights proportional to

p

\sqrt{p}

(but not p); (2) proposed formulations allowed covariances to influence parameters estimation, which is unfeasible with usual ML1 formulations; (3) introducing weighs of p provided the closest ML1 parameters estimation compared to that of LS in networks free of outliers; (4) weighs of

p

\sqrt{p}

provided the highest successful rate in outlier identification with ML1. Conclusions (3) and (4) imply that introducing covariances in ML1 may adversely affect its performance in these two practical applications.