bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening sugarcane accessions for resistance against Sugarcane Streak Mosaic Virus (SCSMV)
Authors: Suhara C , Yulianti T , Hidayah N 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Sugarcane Streak Mosaic is a new sugarcane disease and has widespread sugarcane fields in Java, some parts of Sumatra, and Sulawesi. A severe infection could decrease sugar content and production significantly. This study aimed to screen the resistance level of eighteen potential accessions derived from cross-breeding sugarcane varieties to the disease. The research was conducted at a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications using artificial inoculation. Each accession contained 10 plants. The resistant category based on disease incidence and severity was observed 2 months after inoculation. Results of the screening indicated that four accessions were categorized as resistant, i.e: PS 04 303, PS 04 199, PS 06 395, and PS 06 188); 1 moderately resistant (PS 05 370); 7 accessions were susceptible and four accessions were very susceptible to SCSMV. The screening showed that there were resistant accessions that could be developed as new potential varieties.
Yield and growth performance of potential sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) hybrid clones
Authors: Hamida R , Djumali  , Heliyanto B , Abdurrachman  , Adikadarsih S , Murianingrum M 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSugarcane development in Indonesia has been done primarily on dry lands. Therefore developing varieties more suitable to dry-agro-ecological conditions is being attempted as it is easily applicable and economically feasible. This study aimed at assessing the yield of 18 potential sugarcane clones, resulting from crosses with parents which have high productivity. This study used Cenning variety as a control. The research was conducted at Karangploso experimental garden Malang, from October 2019 to September 2020. The research used a randomized block design with four replications. The experimental plot was designed with five rows (5 m length) and rows distance at 110 cm. The evaluation was carried out on the growth and production component. The results showed that genotypes affected the performances of growth and yield characters. All of the clones showed good performances in growth. Clones MLG 18/21/14, MLG 18/42/15 and MLG 18/41/5 had productivity 21.08-34.86 (t/ha) and sucrose content 21.79-38.44 (%) higher than control. The three clones select as promising clones for sugarcane development in dry-agro-ecological land with higher productivity yields.
Yield test of newly collected genotypes of sugarcane under the dry agro-ecological condition
Authors: Heliyanto B , Abdurrakhman  
Published: February 2022

Abstract
At present, the majority (>80%) of sugarcane cultivation in Indonesia is done in dry areas. The development of tolerant variety to dry agro-ecological conditions is one of the strategies to increase sugar production. To start with several genotypes from germplasm collections were assessed for their yield potential under dry ecological conditions. The research was carried out in dry land to test the yield performance of twelve potential genotypes of different maturity and two standard varieties. The research was done at Asembagus, Situbondo, East Java using a randomized block design with three replications. Plot size was 5 m x 10 m, whereas the distance from center to center was 1 m. The parameters observed were plant height, stem diameter, no of stalks per meter row, stalk weight per kg, stalk weight (cane yield) per hectare (TCH), sucrose content (CCS), and sugar yield per ha (SCH). Results revealed that genotypes affected the growth and yield performances of the crop. None of the late-maturing genotypes surpassed the yield of the control varieties. Genotypes PI-Pringu and PI-CYZ of early maturing types were found promising; their SCH values were up to 14 % higher than the control early maturing Variety (PS 881).
Combined effects of provenance and NPK-fertilizer on nursery performance of kelor (Moringa oleifera) seedlings
Authors: Kurniawan H , Rahmayanti S 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Kelor (Moringa oleifera) is a superfood that serves potential benefits as a highly nutritious food. The research on kelor in Riau, Indonesia, is still very rare. This study aimed to determine the effect of a combination between provenances and doses of NPK-fertilizer on the growth of kelor seedlings in the nursery. The study was conducted from March to June 2020 in Kuok, Kampar regency, Riau. It was a factorial trial arranged in a split-plot design with three replications. Two provenances from Riau and NTT were arranged as the main plot. Four level doses of NPK-fertilizer, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, and 0 g, were arranged as the subplot. Seedling height, diameter, survival, number of leaves, and leaf colour were observed. The interaction between P2 and F2 had the best effect on diameter at 3 MAS, while P2 and F4 had the best effect on survival at 1 MAS. The dose of 5 g NPK tended to have a better effect on the height, the number of leaves, survival, and leaf colour at 1 MAS. To stimulate the diameter growth, additional doses of NPK can be given after the kelor seedling reaches a minimum age of 3 MAS.
Field evaluation of Bacillus thuringiensis product to control Metisa plana bagworm in oil palm plantation
Authors: Pradana M G , Priwiratama H , Rozziansha T A P , Prasetyo A E , Susanto A 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMetisa planais widely known for its destructive impact on oil palm plantations.M. planainfestation could reduce the oil palm productivity by 40% if it remains untreated over two consecutive years. The application of insecticide has become a well-known method of controllingM. planainfestation. The experimental design used was a Randomized Block Design with six treatments and six replications. Four doses ofBacillus thuringiensisand selected greenlabelled insecticides (active ingredient: clorantraniliprole) were evaluated for their toxicity based on initial population ofM. plana. The folia r spraying bioassay technique was used to expose six replications to the designated treatments.M. planamortality was observed for 2, 7, 14, and 28 days after application. The results showed that bothB. thuringiensisand chlorantraniliprole could cause 96-99% mortality in seven days. Based on these field evaluation, the use of insecticide products with active ingredients Bt with soluble concentrate formulation recommended for the control ofM. planabagworms was carried out using concentrations of 0.625-1.25 ml/l or 250-500 ml/ha. Field experiments are needed to provide more accurate results when the insecticides are exposed to natural environment.
Biophysical properties of various ages oil palm plantation in Ultisols of Bengkulu
Authors: Prawito P , Wulandari P , Sulistyo B 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Oil palm plantation (OPP) expands to soil with less suitable including Ultisol. The purposes of this study were (1) to compare some selected soil properties among various OPP ages and (2) to determine the correlation among the selected soil properties. A Completely Randomized Block Design with single factor treatments of oil palm age consisting of 2-yr, 3 -yr, 4-yr, 8-yr, and 32-yr of OPP, and all treatments was repeated three times. Blocking was based on the OPP floor positions: circle weeding (CW), frond stack (FS), and between palm (BP). All data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA with 5% a, and DMRT at 5 % a was used to compare treatments. The result showed that using Ultisol in OPP with good management especially keeping or improving soil organic C through maintaining understory vegetation, may reach soil sustainability. Increasing oil palm ages followed by increasing organic C, water holding capacity (WHC), and decreasing bulk density (BD). The highest oil palm root density (OPRD), oil palm dray root density (OPDRD), and CO2 emissions were found at the 8-yr OPP, while the highest value of understory vegetation biomass weight (UVBMW) and understory vegetation biomass dray weight (UVBMDW) were reached at 4-yr OPP. Organic C was weakly correlated with actual soil moisture (ASM) (r=0,485) and aggregate stability (AS) (r=0,465)
Two decades of biotechnology research in plantation breeding: A systematic review
Authors: Hakim A R , Putranto R A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Riset Perkebunan Nusantara (RPN) has been carried out diverse research activities in plantation breeding for years. It has been a common understanding that the current biotechnology approach cannot be separated from plant breeding research. However, there has never been any review on research topic trends in RPN. This research was conducted to test the systematic review methodology upon a public database in the biotechnology approach implemented in plant breeding research. This systematic review was carried out on the research conducted by RPN over the last two decades published in global scientific papers. Surveys and screening of scientific papers were carried out using the PRISMA protocol to objectively obtain related research subjects. The survey traced 7,691 records from Google Scholar using specific keywords searches in which 4,041 scientific papers were obtained. The screening process retained 73 scientific papers related to RPN’s historical roadmap for plant breeding using biotechnology. The highest number of publications was achieved in 2018 followed by a decrease in the number of publications until 2021. When viewed from the commodity, 26 of the total 73 selected records were studies on oil palm commodities followed by 19 on rubber trees and 10 on cocoa.
The utilization of plant growth-promoting bacteria to enhance stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) herb yield at low land
Authors: Gusmaini  , Kartikawati A , Nurhayati H , Permadi R A , Syakir M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Stevia is a native crop of sub-tropical regions; its cultivation is extended to low land tropical regions, which might the growth is not good as in its origin growth areas. Bacteria as growth promoters are expected to enhance stevia growth in low-land tropical regions. This study aimed to determine the effect of bacteria on the growth and yield of stevia. The research was conducted at the Microbiology Laboratory and Greenhouse of the Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Research Institute at 240 m above sea level and was arranged in a complete randomized block design with four replications. The treatments consisted of 1) control, 2) rhizosphere bacteria Brevibacillus parabrevis GF13, 3) endophytic bacteria Mesorhizobium soli NHI-8, 4) endophytic bacteria Bacillus pacificus EB422, 5) a combination B. parabrevis GF13 + M. soli NHI-8, and 6) a combination of Br. parabrevis GF13 + B. pacificus EB422. The highest increase in total production of fresh (32.8%) and dry (25.86%) herbs were found in treatment 4 (endophytic bacteria Bacillus pacificus EB422). The treatment caused the plant to have the highest nutrient uptake 0.124 N g/plant, 0.051 P2O5 g/plant, and 0.172 K2O g/plant. The treatment increased soil chemical properties.
Water use efficiency of sugarcane clones under rainfed condition
Authors: Riajaya P D , Kadarwati F T 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Crop water use study is necessary for crop management. The purpose of the research was to determine water use efficiency (WUE) of sugarcane clones under rainfed conditions. A field trial was carried out in rainfed at Kediri, East Java, from August 2018 to June 2020 in two seasons of plant cane (PC) and first ratoon cane (RC1). A Split-Plot Design was used for the field trial with three replications. Three planting arrangements were allocated to the main plot. Sub-plots consisted of five clones and one check variety. The WUE is the ratio of sugarcane yield to total crop evapotranspiration. Crop evapotranspiration was the reference evapotranspiration multiply by crop coefficients. Reference evapotranspiration needs meteorological data and relied on the FAO Penman-Monteith method. The average sugarcane crop evapotranspiration for two seasons was 1260.9 mm/year in PC and RC1, with effective rainfall of 817.6 mm and 797 mm, respectively. Average water use efficiency to produce sugarcane were 11.47 and 10.85 t/100 mm and sugar 1.085 and 0.884 t/100 mm, respectively, in PC and RC1. The WUE benefit as criteria for crop selection and to calculate the potential yield given the available water.
Study on Ferrisia virgata and Planococcus minor as vectors of mottle disease in black pepper
Authors: Miftakhurohmah  , Hidayat S H , Mutaqin K H , Soekarno B P W , Wahyuno D 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Two species of mealybug, Ferrisia virgata and Planococcus minor were previously reported as vectors of Piper yellow mottle virus (PYMoV), the causal agent of mottle disease in black pepper (Piper nigrum). Several activities were performed to study the PYMoV transmission through F. virgata and Pl. minor, involving transmission experiment in ISMCRI greenhouse (Bogor, West Java), field observation of mealybugs, and mottle disease incidence at ISMCRI field station (Sukabumi, West Java). The result showed that the transmission rate of PYMoV through F. virgata and Pl. minor in black pepper reached 40.00 and 46.67%, respectively. Field temperature >33 °C, light intensity >700.00 lux, wind speed <1.10 m/s, and rainfall <80 mm/month were recorded during the occurrence of a peak population of mealybugs. Mealybugs population in the field was affected by insecticide application. Its population was lower in a block with insecticide spraying than in a block without insecticide spraying. Furthermore, mottle disease incidence was correlated with the population level of mealybugs. Based on PCR detection, the frequency of viruliferous mealybugs did not differ in a block with or without insecticide spraying, i.e., 6/39 and 6/37, respectively. This indicated that other factors than insect vectors might play an important role in disease spread.
Phytonematodes associated with the yellowing disease of Javanese long pepper plants in Sumenep, East Java
Authors: Aimanah E W , Supramana  , Munif A 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOne of the major pathogen infecting the Javanese long pepper plantation is phytonematode. This study aims to identify the population of phytonematodes associated with the yellowing disease of Javanese long pepper. Root and soil samples were collected from Javanese long pepper with monoculture and polyculture cropping systems purposively in Sumenep Regency, East Java Province. Phytonematodes were extracted from root samples by mist chamber technique and soil samples by centrifugation flotation technique. Morphology character was observed from the permanent nematode slides. Based on morphological characters, six phytonematodes were found in the root and soil of Javanese long pepper, namelyParatylenchus nanus, Meloidogynespp.,Rotylenchulus reniformis, Rotylenchulus parvus, Coslenchus paramaritus, andCoslenchus cancellatus. The highest phytonematode population from root extraction isP. nanuswith an average of 165 nematodes/10 g roots.R. reniformiswas the highest phytonematode population from soil extraction with an average of 1314 nematodes/100 ml soil.
Laboratory rearing of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) pollinator of oil palm inflorescence in Malaysia
Authors: Zulkefli M H H , Jamian S , Adam N A , Jalinas J , Mohd Masri M M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate laboratory rearing of Elaeidobius kamerunicus through observation of its life development and survivability on an artificial diet and anthesising male inflorescence of oil palm as the natural feed. The experiment was the three adopted diets compared with rearing on natural feed toward the survivability and life development of reared larvae Elaeidobius kamerunicus. The AMI of oil palm was the successful diet for the survival of weevil larvae with around 11 days to develop from egg to adult. The improved natural feed is calculated to have a longer time for 50% mortality than the first natural feed, where it had double the time requirement. Moreover, improving the natural feed rearing method had increased survivability from around 20% to almost 50%. Furthermore, they improve natural feed enables shorter life development at 10 days. Thus, this study provided the method for rearing E. kamerunicus through the natural feed for better key survival and management.
Viability and vigor of sugarcane (Saccharum spp. Hybrid) seeds from intrageneric and intergeneric crosses at various storage periods
Authors: Widyasari WB , Damanhuri  , Nurcahya C 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Sugarcane is one of the essential crops with high economic value in Indonesia, because it is the primary source of sugar. Sugarcane is propagated vegetatively for commercial purposes, but for genetic improvement, crosses carried out to produce seeds with the new genetic combinations. This study aims to determine the viability and vigor of seeds from intrageneric and intergeneric crosses at various storage periods. This study used seed samples from 19 intrageneric and intergeneric crosses conducted by ISRI from 2006 to 2016. The seeds were kept in aluminum foil bags in the freezer at -20oC. Viability and vigor of seeds were determined by evaluating germination, growth speed, growth synchronously, vigor index, and maximum growth potential. The results showed that the type of crosses and the storage time of seeds had a very significant effect on germination, growth speed, growth synchronously, vigor index and maximum growth potential. However, the longer storage of sugarcane seeds was not always accompanied by a decrease in seed viability and vigor, both seeds resulting from intergeneric and intrageneric crosses. In addition, the viability and vigor of seeds from intergeneric crosses was lower than the viability and vigor of seeds from intrageneric crosses.
Yield potential and adaptability of several introduced Burley tobacco genotypes across development areas
Authors: Yulaikah S , Rochman F , Djajadi  , Djumali  , Herwati A , Hamida R , Ridhawati A , Supriyono  
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Burley tobacco is a light air-cured tobacco primarily used in the production of white and kretek cigarettes. Currently the major cultivated variety (TN90) has declined in its performance. To overcome the problem, several new high-quality and productivity genotypes have been introduced. However, these new genotypes have to be evaluated before they are cultivated commercially. This research aimed to determine the yield potential and adaptability of the newly introduced Burley tobacco genotypes for two growing seasons in six locations. Four introduced genotypes (AOB359, AOB656, DBH454, NC7LC) and one check variety (TN90) were arranged in a randomized block design with five replications. Parameters observed included flowering age, leaf number, leaf length and width, yield of dried tobacco leaves, grade index, and crop index. Data were analyzed using PKBT STAT 2.03. The results showed that yield potential varied from 1294.8 – 1527.3 kg ha−1 for dried tobacco leaves, grade index ranged from 55.25 – 55.91, crop index ranged from 70.91 - 84.60 and wide adaptability. The AOB359, AOB656, and NC7LC genotypes produced a potentially higher yield than the check variety.
Coconut cultivation management in Central Maluku
Authors: Asthutiirundu  , Matana Yulianus R. , Maskromo Ismail , Oktavia Farida 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Currently, coconut is still managed and produced as black copra due to farmers’ limited human resources and capital. In addition, the condition of coconut plants is also old and unproductive. It is time to manage coconut plantations for maximum quality and quantity of production. The utilization of coconut products is not only to primary products but was developed into secondary products. Central of Maluku is one of the centers for plantation commodities in Indonesia. The most dominant plantation commodities in Central Maluku are coconut, nutmeg, cloves, and cocoa. Demand for these 4 commodities competes with each other. Coconut is one of the sources of life for the local community. The management is very traditional, especially downstream, to produce black copra and coconut oil. Coconut oil was produced for local consumption, and part of it was sold to the local market. Meanwhile, mainly copra is produced to supply industrial demand. Therefore, good management practices of coconut cultivation are needed, including improving good coconut cultivation and coconut farming diversification horizontally and vertically.
Genetic variability of pepper mutants (Piper nigrum l.) based on morphological and RAPD markers
Authors: Meilawati N L W , Bermawie N , Niswah K K , Wulandari R A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The area expansion and volume of Indonesian palm oil production is not in line with its productivity. The productivity of Indonesian oil palm is inseparable from the plants age, most of which have exceeded their productive age. There are also significant indications of the use of illegitimate seeds,, causing a gap between yield and potential productivity. Efforts to increase the productivity and sustainability of oil palm plantations have been carried out by forming a particular agency that collects and manages oil palm plantation funds. One of the programs to increase productivity and sustainability is the “Replanting of Smallholder Palm Oil (PSR)” with a grant scheme for participating farmers. The progress of replanting realization is plodding. The target of 180,000 hectares per year cannot be realized. Accelerated breakthroughs without neglecting the primary mission of increasing productivity and sustainability are very urgent. This paper is a review on the importance of supporting the PSR seed institutional innovation in accelerating the productivity and sustainability of Indonesian oil palm.
The phytonematodes species on sugarcane plants (Saccharum officinarum L.) at Subang Sugar Factory PT PG Rajawali II, West Java
Authors: Ramadhani R I , Supramana  , Damayanti T A , Putra L K 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Phytonematodes are an important plant pest in sugarcane. The presence of phytonematodes can cause root damage and eventually reduce plant productivity. This study aimed to identify and calculated the abundance of sugarcane phytonematodes species in the Subang Sugar Factory of PT PG Rajawali II, West Java. The symptoms of sugarcane plants infected by phytonematodes include stunting plants and slender stems, and necrotic roots with blackish purple spots that spread unevenly on young roots. The diagnostic samples, consisted of roots and soil, were taken from the second ratoon cane. The stages of the research included nematode extraction from soil sample by centrifugation flotation method and extraction nematode from the root using the mist chamber method, nematode staining inside root tissue, and nematode identification. The nematode species were identified based on the morphological characters. Eight phytonematodes species, namely Pratylenchus zeae, Xiphinema setariae, Hoplolaimus indicus, Rotylenchulus reniformis, Criconemoides morgenensis, Coslenchus paramaritus, Helicotylenchus sp., Coslenchus paramaritus and Tylenchus sp. were identified. Based on the highest absolute population in sugarcane roots was Pratylenchus zeae.