bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Host identity is the dominant factor in the assembly of nematode and tardigrade gut microbiomes in Antarctic Dry Valley streams
Authors: McQueen J. Parr , Gattoni Kaitlin , Gendron Eli M. S. , Schmidt Steven K. , Sommers Pacifica , Porazinska Dorota L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecent work examining nematode and tardigrade gut microbiomes has identified species-specific relationships between host and gut community composition. However, only a handful of species from either phylum have been examined. How microbiomes differ among species and what factors contribute to their assembly remains unexplored. Cyanobacterial mats within Antarctic Dry Valley streams host a simple and tractable natural ecosystem of identifiable microinvertebrates to address these questions. We sampled 2 types of coexisting mats (i.e., black and orange) across four spatially isolated streams, hand-picked single individuals of two nematode species (i.e., Eudorylaimus antarcticus and Plectus murrayi) and tardigrades, to examine their gut microbiomes using 16S and 18S rRNA metabarcoding. All gut microbiomes (bacterial and eukaryotic) were significantly less diverse than the mats they were isolated from. In contrast to mats, microinvertebrates’ guts were depleted of Cyanobacteria and differentially enriched in taxa of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Fungi. Among factors investigated, gut microbiome composition was most influenced by host identity while environmental factors (e.g., mats and streams) were less important. The importance of host identity in predicting gut microbiome composition suggests functional value to the host, similar to other organisms with strong host selected microbiomes.
Incorporating distance metrics and temporal trends to refine mixed stock analysis
Authors: Stahelin Gustavo D. , Hoffman Eric A. , Quintana-Ascencio Pedro F. , Reusche Monica , Mansfield Kate L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe distribution of marine organisms is shaped by geographic distance and oceanographic features like currents. Among migratory species, individuals from multiple populations may share feeding habitats seasonally or across life stages. Here, we introduce a modification for many-to-many mixed stock models to include distance between breeding and foraging sites as an ecological covariate and evaluate how the composition of green turtle, Chelonia mydas, juvenile mixed stock aggregations changed in response to population growth over time. Our modified many-to-many model is more informative and generally tightens credible intervals over models that do not incorporate distance. Moreover, we identified a decrease in genetic diversity in a Florida nesting site and two juvenile aggregations. Mixed stock aggregations in central Florida have changed from multiple sources to fewer dominant source populations over the past ~ 20 years. We demonstrate that shifts in contributions from source populations to mixed stock aggregations are likely associated with nesting population growth. Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of long-term monitoring and the need for periodical reassessment of reproductive populations and juvenile aggregations. Understanding how mixed stock aggregations change over time and how different life stages are connected is fundamental for the development of successful conservation plans for imperiled species.
Lack of host phylogenetic structure in the gut bacterial communities of New Zealand cicadas and their interspecific hybrids
Authors: Haji Diler , Vailionis Jason , Stukel Mark , Gordon Eric , Lemmon Emily Moriarty , Lemmon Alan R. , Simon Chris 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHost-microbe interactions are intimately linked to eukaryotic evolution, particularly in sap-sucking insects that often rely on obligate microbial symbionts for nutrient provisioning. Cicadas (Cicadidae: Auchenorrhyncha) specialize on xylem fluid and derive many essential amino acids and vitamins from intracellular bacteria or fungi (Hodgkinia, Sulcia, and Ophiocordyceps) that are propagated via transmission from mothers to offspring. Despite the beneficial role of these non-gut symbionts in nutrient provisioning, the role of beneficial microbiota within the gut remains unclear. Here, we investigate the relative abundance and impact of host phylogeny and ecology on gut microbial diversity in cicadas using 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing data from 197 wild-collected cicadas and new mitochondrial genomes across 38 New Zealand cicada species, including natural hybrids between one pair of two species. We find low abundance and a lack of phylogenetic structure and hybrid effects but a significant role of elevation in explaining variation in gut microbiota.
Optimized border irrigation improved soil water content, increased winter wheat grain yield and water productivity
Authors: Yan Feilong , Yu Zhenwen , Shi Yu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBorder irrigation is still the main irrigation method in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China (HPC), we aimed to find a suitable border length to reduce the quantity of irrigation water through a traditional border irrigation system to alleviate groundwater depletion. A 2-year experiment (2017–2019) was conducted with four border lengths: 20 m (L20), 30 m (L30), 40 m (L40) and 50 m (L50); supplementary irrigation was implemented during jointing and anthesis. The results showed that compared with the L20 and L30 treatments, the L40 treatment did not significantly increase the total water consumption. Compared with the L50 treatment, the L40 treatment significantly reduced the water consumption of ineffective tillers from jointing to anthesis. There was no significant difference in flag leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn) between L40 treatment and L50 treatment at 14–28 days after anthesis, which was 12.36% and 21.31% higher than L30 and L20 treatments respectively, and significantly increased dry matter accumulation after anthesis. Grain yield were the higher in the L40 and L50 treatments, while the water productivity (WP) was highest in the L40 treatment, which was 3.98%, 4.54% and 7.94% higher than L50, L30, and L20 treatments, respectively. Hence, the irrigation field treatments with a border length of 40 m were considered the most efficient, which provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the traditional irrigation border length in HPC.
The human ion channel TRPM2 modulates migration and invasion in neuroblastoma through regulation of integrin expression
Authors: Bao Lei , Festa Fernanda , Hirschler-Laszkiewicz Iwona , Keefer Kerry , Wang Hong-Gang , Cheung Joseph Y. , Miller Barbara A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTransient receptor potential channel TRPM2 is highly expressed in many cancers and involved in regulation of key physiological processes including mitochondrial function, bioenergetics, and oxidative stress. In Stage 4 non-MYCN amplified neuroblastoma patients, high TRPM2 expression is associated with worse outcome. Here, neuroblastoma cells with high TRPM2 expression demonstrated increased migration and invasion capability. RNA sequencing, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting demonstrated that the mechanism involved significantly greater expression of integrins α1, αv, β1, and β5 in cells with high TRPM2 expression. Transcription factors HIF-1α, E2F1, and FOXM1, which bind promoter/enhancer regions of these integrins, were increased in cells with high TRPM2 expression. Subcellular fractionation confirmed high levels of α1, αv, and β1 membrane localization and co-immunoprecipitation confirmed the presence of α1β1, αvβ1, and αvβ5 complexes. Inhibitors of α1β1, αvβ1, and αvβ5 complexes significantly reduced migration and invasion in cells highly expressing TRPM2, confirming their functional role. Increased pAktSer473 and pERKThr202/Tyr204, which promote migration through mechanisms including integrin activation, were found in cells highly expressing TRPM2. TRPM2 promotes migration and invasion in neuroblastoma cells with high TRPM2 expression through modulation of integrins together with enhancing cell survival, negatively affecting patient outcome and providing rationale for TRPM2 inhibition in anti-neoplastic therapy.
Efficacy of soluble lansoprazole-impregnated beta-tricalcium phosphate for bone regeneration
Authors: Mishima Kenichi , Okabe Yuka Tsukagoshi , Mizuno Masaaki , Ohno Kinji , Kitoh Hiroshi , Imagama Shiro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe proton pump inhibitor lansoprazole has been previously identified to upregulate the expression and transcriptional activity of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) that promotes lineage commitment and differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells. We could not elicit the expected efficacy of insoluble lansoprazole in enhancing osteogenesis when combined with beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) bone substitutes. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of soluble lansoprazole on in vitro osteoblastogenesis and new bone formation in vivo. Commercially available human mesenchymal stem cells or patient-derived bone marrow-derived stromal cells were treated with 20 µM of soluble lansoprazole at the beginning of osteogenic induction. Soluble lansoprazole-impregnated β-TCP materials were embedded in the cortical bone defect model of rabbits. Rabbits were sacrificed four weeks postoperatively and undecalcified bone specimens were prepared for evaluation of intra-material new bone formation. Only a 1-day treatment with soluble lansoprazole facilitated osteoblastic differentiation and matrix calcium deposition when added to undifferentiated human mesenchymal stromal cells at the beginning of the osteogenic differentiation. Soluble lansoprazole dose-dependently accelerated intra-material new bone formation when being impregnated with porous β-TCP artificial bones. Local use of soluble lansoprazole can be applicable for fracture and bone defect repair when combined with porous β-TCP scaffolds.
Simultaneous siting and sizing of Soft Open Points and the allocation of tie switches in active distribution network considering network reconfiguration
Authors: Ehsanbakhsh Mahdiyeh , Sepasian Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSoft Open Points (SOPs) are power electronic devices and emerging flexible interconnections. The active and reactive power flow flexible controllability of SOP facilitates to improve the performance characteristics of the networks. To evaluate the contribution of SOPs to operational characteristics improvement, instead of a fixed number and an optimized configuration of SOPs is necessary. In addition to optimal siting and sizing of SOPs in distribution networks, considering the smart switching capability of SOPs compared to conventional switching through tie switches is important. This issue affects the decision of simultaneous investment for these types of equipment. Existing studies have not considered the coordinated presence of SOPs and candidate tie switches in a planning scheme for allocating them simultaneously. Here, a stochastic scenario‐based planning model is proposed to determine the optimal sites and sizes of SOPs and the allocation of tie switches simultaneously while obtaining the optimal operation strategy of these devices during the network reconfiguration process. The model is formulated using the second‐order cone programming approach. The optimization problem is solved considering renewable power production scenarios and different loading conditions. Finally, the proposed model is conducted on the IEEE 33‐bus and 69‐bus systems, and the results are presented.
Single image super‐resolution based on sparse representation using edge‐preserving regularization and a low‐rank constraint
Authors: Gao Rui , Cheng Deqiang , Kou Qiqi , Chen Liangliang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSparse representation‐based non‐local self‐similarity approaches have demonstrated promising performance in single image super‐resolution reconstruction. This type of method, however, cannot always effectively preserve the key details of an image, resulting in edge artifacts and local structure blurring. To better preserve the image edge information, in this paper, a sparse representation super‐resolution method based on non‐local self‐similarity is proposed. First, we impose slide window gradient domain guided filtering on both the low‐resolution input image and the degraded restored image. Then, we utilize their difference as an edge‐preserving regularization term and incorporate this regularization term into the non‐local self‐similarity‐based sparse representation model to build a sparse coding model, which can enhance the restored high‐resolution image patches’ detail information. Finally, the iterative threshold algorithm is used to calculate the sparse representation coefficients so that a high‐resolution image can be estimated. Furthermore, to explore the potential structures of the subspaces spanned by similar patches, we enforce a low‐rank matrix recovery technique on the generated super‐resolution image, which can further refine the reconstruction quality. Experimental results prove that the new approach preserves the critical edge structures while suppressing noise and exceeding some popular methods both quantitatively and qualitatively.
A viscous continuum traffic flow model based on the cooperative car‐following behaviour of connected and autonomous vehicles
Authors: Jafaripournimchahi Ammar , Cai Yingfeng , Wang Hai , Sun Lu , Tang Yili , Babadi Arman Amani 
Published: November 2022

AbstractConnected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) can receive various information from surrounding vehicles through Vehicle‐to‐Everything (V2X) communication technologies and adjust their car‐following behaviour accordingly. Although several studies have evaluated the impact of CAVs on traffic flow stability in a small segment of networks, most approaches are focused on their specific applications considering the trajectory information, and there is a lack of studies analyzing the impact of CAVs on a large‐scale network. This paper proposes a novel viscous continuum traffic model considering the anticipation of space headway, the throttle angle, and brake torque information during cooperative car‐following. The methods employed to develop the new car‐following model and its counterpart continuum traffic model have been described. The linear and non‐linear stability analyses of the newly developed model have been conducted to obtain the critical stability factors in small perturbations. Numerical simulations have been carried out to investigate the effect of the anticipation, the throttle angle, and brake torque information on traffic stability, fuel consumption, and exhaust emissions. The numerical results reveal that the anticipation of space headway and the transmission of the throttle angle and brake torque information during cooperative car‐following manoeuvres can improve the traffic flow stability and reduce fuel consumption and emissions.
Load frequency fractional‐order controller design for shipboard microgrids using direct search alghorithm
Authors: Bahrampour Elham , Dehghani Maryam , Asemani Mohammad Hassan , Abolpour Roozbeh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLoad frequency control (LFC) is one of the controversial topics in power systems, especially in shipboard microgrids (SMG). In such applications, renewable energies such as wind, solar, or wave energies provide the power supply. However, changes in the weather conditions or loads can disrupt the frequency. To have a constant frequency in the presence of such turbulence in SMG, a fractional‐order dynamic output feedback controller (FDOFC) is proposed. As a result, the closed‐loop system is extended to a non‐identical fractional‐order system in the state space model. First, the non‐identical fractional‐order system is transformed into an identical one using the least common multiple techniques to determine control parameters. Subsequently, using a direct search algorithm, a considered initial design space is divided into smaller totally stable (TS) sub‐spaces. Then, among all TS controller parameters, the controller is designed to reduce the effects of disturbances. The study is carried out on a practical SMG system to show the practicality of the proposed FDOFC. Finally, to evaluate the proposed method's efficiency, the SMG results are compared with the results obtained with μ synthesis, , Bilinear Matrix Inequality (BMI)‐based, and fuzzy fractional optimization methods. Compared to the state‐of‐the‐art approaches, more promising results are obtained for ‐norm of the closed‐loop system about ten times smaller, that is, which is such a negligible norm that concludes perfect disturbance rejection. Moreover, in more scenarios, the robustness of the designed framework is evaluated under parameter variations and time delays in communication. The results show that the maximum frequency deviation is , which is very small. Therefore, the controller also works impressively under deviations of SMG system parameters, and communication time delays.
Analysis of 363 Genetic Variants in F5 via an Interactive Web Database Reveals New Insights into FV Deficiency and FV Leiden
Authors: Efthymiou Christos , Print Emily H.T. , Simmons Anna , Perkins Stephen J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe inherited bleeding disorder Factor V (FV) deficiency and clotting risk factor FV Leiden are associated with genetic variants in the F5 gene. FV deficiency occurs with mild, moderate, severe, or asymptomatic phenotypes, and either dysfunctional or reduced amounts of plasma FV protein. Here we present an interactive web database containing 363 unique F5 variants derived from 801 patient records, with 199 FV deficiency-associated variants from 245 patient records. Their occurrence is rationalized based on the 2,224 residue sequence and new FV protein structures. The 199 FV deficiency variants correspond to 26 (13%) mild, 22 (11%) moderate, 49 (25%) severe, 35 (18%) asymptomatic, and 67 (34%) unreported phenotypes. Their variant distributions in the FV domains A1, A2, A3, B, C1 and C2 were 28 (14%), 32 (16%), 34 (17%), 42 (21%), 16 (8%), and 19 variants (10%), respectively, showing that these six regions contain similar proportions of variants. Variants associated with FV deficiency do not cluster near known protein-partner binding sites, thus the molecular mechanism leading to the phenotypes cannot be explained. However, the widespread distribution of FV variants in combination with a high proportion of buried variant residues indicated that FV is susceptible to disruption by small perturbations in its globular structure. Variants located in the disordered B domain also appear to disrupt the FV structure. We discuss how the interactive database provides an online resource that clarifies the clinical understanding of FV deficiency.
Versatile Utility of Cp*Co(III) Catalysts in C–H Amination under Inner- and Outer-Sphere Pathway
Authors: Chang Sukbok , Lee Jeonghyo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis Account describes the recent advances in our research program toward the development of cobalt-catalyzed C–H amidation reactions. In particular, synthetic versatilities of obtainable amino products shown to be achieved on the basis of two distinctive mechanistic scaffolds; inner- and outer-sphere pathways. It highlights our approaches to transit the modes of C–N bond formation by introduction of bidentate LX-type ligands into Cp*Co(III) precursors, thereby broadly expanding the scope of amination reactions.1	Introduction2	Cp*Co-Catalyzed Inner-Sphere C–H Amidation3	Cp*Co-Catalyzed Outer-Sphere C–H Amidation3.1	C(sp2)–N Bond Formation3.2	C(sp3)–N Bond Formation4	Conclusion
“A.B.C.” of Immunotherapy in Hematological Malignancies…Promise and Perils
Authors: Bajpai Jyoti , Philip Deepa Susan Joy 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe treatment landscape of hematological malignancies has been evolving at an extremely fast pace. Hematological malignancies are diverse and distinct from solid tumors. These constitute challenges, which are also unique opportunities for immunotherapy. The five categories of immunotherapies that have found success in the management of hematological malignancies are allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant, monoclonal antibodies and innovative designs, immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, and B cell targeting small immunomodulatory molecules. Allogeneic stem cell transplant rightly called our bluntest weapon is the oldest form of successful immunotherapy. Alternate donor transplants and improvement in supportive care have improved the scope of this immunotherapy option. Among monoclonal antibodies, rituximab forms the prototype on which over a dozen other antibodies have been developed. The bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) blinatumomab engages cytotoxic CD3 T cells with CD19 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells, which is an effective treatment method for relapsed refractory ALL. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have established their role in hematological malignancies with high PD-L1 expression, including relapsed refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma and primary mediastinal B cell lymphoma (BCL). Small immunomodulatory drugs targeting the B cell receptor downstream signaling through BTK inhibitors, SYK inhibitors, PI3K inhibitors (idelalisib), and BCL-2 inhibitors (venetoclax), and immunomodulatory imide drugs (lenalidomide) have also emerged as exciting therapeutic avenues in immunotherapy. CAR T cells are one of the most exciting and promising forms of adoptive immunotherapy. CAR T cells are rightly called living drugs or serial killers to keep patients alive. CAR T cells are genetically engineered, autologous T cells that combine the cytotoxicity of T cells with the antigen-binding specificity of CARs. CARs are antigen-specific but major histocompatibility complex/human leukocyte antigen-independent. There are five approved CAR T cell products for the management of relapsed refractory leukemias, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. The past and present of immunotherapy have been really exciting and the future looks incredibly promising. The challenges include widening the availability and affordability beyond specialized centers, identification of potentially predictive biomarkers of response, and experience in the management of complications of these novel agents. The combinational approach of multiple immunotherapies might be the way forward to complement the treatment strategies to harness the immune system and to improve survival with good quality of life.