bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Early-Life Seizures on Cognitive and Motor Development: A Case Series
Authors: Jensen-Willett Sandra , Cunha Andrea , Lobo Michele A. , Harbourne Regina , Dusing Stacey C. , McCoy Sarah W. , Koziol Natalie A. , Hsu Lin-Ya , Marcinowski Emily C. , Babik Iryna , An Mihee , Bovaird James A. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
This case series documents developmental changes over time and in response to a novel intervention, Sitting Together and Reaching to Play (START-Play), in children with early-life seizures.

Methods:
Thirteen children with early-life seizures were included from a subset of participants in the START-Play multisite, randomized controlled trial. Seven received 3 months of twice weekly START-Play intervention; 6 continued with usual care early intervention. Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III (Cognitive Composite), Gross Motor Function Measure-66 Item Set, Assessment of Problem-Solving in Play, and reaching assessments were administered at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months postbaseline. Change scores are reported at 3 and 12 months postbaseline.

Results:
Over time, plateau or decline was noted in standardized cognition measures; motor development improved or was stable. Children receiving START-Play showed positive trends in problem-solving (71.4%) and reaching behaviors (57.2%).

Conclusions:
Interventions such as START-Play that combine motor and cognitive constructs may benefit children with early-life seizures.
‘Knowing the noise that surrounds the athlete’: a qualitative study exploring the health seeking behaviours of athletes with limb deficiency drawing on the experiences and perceptions of the medical staff and athletes
Authors: Jones Eleanor , Martin Paul , Barr Marc , Soundy Andy , Heneghan Nicola R. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
To explore the health seeking behaviours (HSB) of athletes with limb deficiency, drawing on the experiences and perception of the SMT and athletes.

Design
An interpretive hermeneutic phenomenological methodology with a subtle realist paradigmatic view to investigate commonality in unique experiences within reality. Data collection was completed with two focus groups in December 2019 and March 2020. Thirteen participants took part including athletes and SMT members (Physiotherapists, Doctors, and Strength and Conditioning Coaches) working in Parasports. Focus group manuscripts were transcribed verbatim from audio recordings. An inductive, iterative process was used to identify themes and subthemes, with processes in place to establish rigour.

Results
Two themes and five sub themes emerged in relation to the ‘internalisation and adjustment to social identity’ and ‘the importance and impact of factors which impact the athlete social identity’.

Conclusions
HSB of athletes with limb deficiency were influenced by a unique blend of personal and environmental factors that contribute towards social identity. The SMT require specific awareness of factors that may diminish HSB to deliver a personalised approach and negate consequences.
Feasibility and Acceptability of HIV Self-Test Kit Distribution Through PrEP Clients' Social and Sexual Networks to Increase HIV Testing and PrEP Information
Authors: King Katherine , Balan Shuba , Kanamori Mariano , Shrader Cho-Hee , Arroyo-Flores Juan , Johnson Ariana , Whiteside Patrick , Michniewicz Mara , Doblecki-Lewis Susanne 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
To determine the feasibility, acceptability, and implementation of a HIV self-test (HIVST) program through PrEP clients' social and sexual networks.

Background:
HIV testing is critical for treatment and prevention engagement. HIVST kits can overcome barriers to testing. A negative result is an opportunity to provide PrEP information. We describe implementation factors associated with engaging current Mobile PrEP (MP) clients to distribute HIVST kits and PrEP information through their networks.

Setting:
Community venues in Miami-Dade County, Florida.

Methods:
A baseline survey collected network information and explored distribution plans for offering HIVST kits. A follow-up survey evaluated use and distribution. A logic model describes the process of implementation and evaluation. Up to 4 Ora-Quick HIV ST kits were offered to 81 MP clients. A brief training included resources for posttest engagement.

Results:
Forty-four percent of the kits were reported as distributed. Of 81 MP clients offered kits, 50 (62%) accepted. In a follow-up survey, 77% of MP clients distributed at least 1 kit. Fifty-six (86%) social network members were Latino, and 9 (14%) were Black. Three of 4 MP clients engaged in PrEP discussions (77%) with SN members. Reported reasons for HIVST kit use included convenience, confidentiality, privacy concerns, and discomfort with going to a testing site. MP clients reported that kit distribution was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion:
HIV ST kits allowed PrEP users to engage others in their social and sexual networks for HIV testing and information regarding PrEP. Work to scale-up this intervention is underway.
Proyecto Compadre: Using Implementation Science to Tailor Peer Navigation for Latino Men in the US–Mexico Border Region
Authors: Tsuyuki Kiyomi , Stockman Jamila K. , Stadnick Nicole A. , Moore Veronica , Zhu Helen , Torres Vicente , Cano Rosalinda , Penninga Katherine , Aldous Jeannette L. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) in San Diego have poor HIV testing and prevention outcomes compared with non-Latino White men. Peer navigation (PN) is a promising evidence-based intervention to reduce disparities but needs tailoring for Latino MSM.

Settings:
Health centers near the US–Mexico border.

Methods:
Using the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment Framework, we conducted mixed-methods implementation science study. In phase I, we conducted interviews with Latino men (n = 15), focus groups with staff (n = 7), and surveys with all to understand the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment factors associated with HIV testing and care linkage. In phase II, we conducted 31 web-based surveys with Latino men and staff to rank intervention and implementation strategies from phase I. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively, integrated with qualitative data, and reviewed by our community–academic partnership to develop an implementation model.

Results:
Latino men (N = 15) were 94% Spanish speaking, 67% gay identified, 27% US born, and their suggestions were to have navigators use peer referral to address barriers such as stigma; use the Latino social network to expand reach, leverage social media for peer-led intervention, and disseminate HIV information. Staff (N = 26) were 77% Spanish speaking, 35% gay-identified, 96% trained in cultural competency, and suggested including culturally appropriate HIV educational materials in Spanish, status and identity neutral programs, administrative/supervisorial/training structure for PNs, and PN compensation and team integration. Overall, results emphasized a need for a formalized PN model centered on referrals and using existing Latino community social networks.

Conclusions:
Findings can be packaged for future implementation of PN programs for Latino MSM.
Comprehensive Process Mapping and Qualitative Interviews to Inform Implementation of Rapid Linkage to HIV Care Programs in a Mid-Sized Urban Setting in the Southern United States
Authors: Pettit April C. , Pichon Latrice C. , Ahonkhai Aima A. , Robinson Cedric , Randolph Bruce , Gaur Aditya , Stubbs Andrea , Summers Nathan A. , Truss Kimberly , Brantley Meredith , Devasia Rose , Teti Michelle , Gimbel Sarah , Dombrowski Julia C. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Rapid antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, in which people living with HIV start ART within days of diagnosis, is a key component of the US Ending the HIV Epidemic initiative.

Setting:
The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area ranked fourth in the United States for the highest HIV incidence per 100,000 population in 2018. Rapid ART programs are limited in the Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area, and our objective was to identify local implementation barriers.

Methods:
We conducted participatory process mapping and in-depth interviews to detail steps between HIV testing at the municipal health department's Sexually Transmitted Infections Clinic and ART prescription from a nearby high-volume Ryan White–funded HIV Clinic.

Results:
Process mapping identified 4 modifiable, rate-limiting rapid ART barriers: (1) requiring laboratory-based confirmatory HIV results, (2) eligibility documentation requirements for Ryan White–funded services, (3) insufficient HIV Clinic medical provider availability, and (4) variability in ART initiation timing among HIV Clinic providers. Staff at both sites highlighted suboptimal communication and sense of shared management between facilities, limited resources to address important social determinants of health, and lack of Medicaid expansion in Tennessee as key barriers. In-depth interview themes negatively affecting rapid ART initiation included clinic burden; provider knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs; and client psychosocial needs.

Conclusions:
Our preimplementation work identified modifiable and systemic barriers to systems flow and patient-level outcomes. This work will inform the design and implementation of a locally relevant rapid ART program in Memphis, a community disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic.
Image Quality of High-Resolution 3-Dimensional Neck MRI Using CAIPIRINHA-VIBE and GRASP-VIBE
Authors: Seo Minkook , Yoon Jimin , Choi Yangsean , Nickel Dominik , Jang Jinhee , Shin Na-Young , Ahn Kook-Jin , Kim Bum-Soo 
Published: June 2022

Objectives
Acquiring high-quality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head and neck region is often challenging due to motion and susceptibility artifacts. This study aimed to compare image quality of 2 high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) MRI sequences of the neck, controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA)–volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE), and golden-angle radial sparse parallel imaging (GRASP)–VIBE.

Materials and Methods
One hundred seventy-three patients indicated for contrast-enhanced neck MRI examination were scanned using 3 T scanners and both CAIPIRINHA-VIBE and GRASP-VIBE with nearly isotropic 3D acquisitions (<1 mm in-plane resolution with analogous acquisition times). Patients' MRI scans were independently rated by 2 radiologists using a 5-grade Likert scale for overall image quality, artifact level, mucosal and lesion conspicuity, and fat suppression degree at separate anatomical regions. Interobserver agreement was calculated using the Cohen κ coefficient. The quality ratings of both sequences were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Nonuniformity and contrast-to-noise ratio values were measured in all subjects. Separate MRI scans were performed twice for each sequence in a phantom and healthy volunteer without contrast injection to calculate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

Results
The scores of overall image quality, overall artifact level, motion artifact level, and conspicuity of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, oral cavity, hypopharynx, and larynx were all significantly higher in GRASP-VIBE than in CAIPIRINHA-VIBE (all P's < 0.001). Moderate to substantial interobserver agreement was observed in overall image quality (GRASP-VIBE κ = 0.43; CAIPIRINHA-VIBE κ = 0.59) and motion artifact level (GRASP-VIBE κ = 0.51; CAIPIRINHA-VIBE κ = 0.65). Lesion conspicuity was significantly higher in GRASP-VIBE than in CAIPIRINHA-VIBE (P = 0.005). The degree of fat suppression was weaker in the lower neck regions in GRASP-VIBE (3.90 ± 0.72) than in CAIPIRINHA-VIBE (4.97 ± 0.21) (P < 0.001). The contrast-to-noise ratio at hypopharyngeal level was significantly higher in GRASP-VIBE (6.28 ± 4.77) than in CAIPIRINHA-VIBE (3.14 ± 9.95) (P < 0.001). In the phantom study, the SNR of GRASP-VIBE was 12 times greater than that of CAIPIRINHA-VIBE. The in vivo SNR of the volunteer MRI scan was 13.6 in CAIPIRINHA-VIBE and 20.7 in GRASP-VIBE.

Conclusions
Both sequences rendered excellent images for head and neck MRI scans. GRASP-VIBE provided better image quality, as well as mucosal and lesion conspicuities, with less motion artifacts, whereas CAIPIRINHA-VIBE provided better fat suppression in the lower neck regions.
Third-Generation Cardiovascular Phantom
Authors: McDermott Michael C. , Sartoretti Thomas , Mihl Casper , Pietsch Hubertus , Alkadhi Hatem , Wildberger Joachim E. 
Published: June 2022

Objective
Different types of preclinical research tools used in the field of diagnostic imaging such as dynamic flow circulation phantoms have built the foundation for optimization and advancement of clinical procedures including new imaging techniques. The objective was to introduce a third-generation phantom, building on the limitations of earlier versions and unlocking new opportunities for preclinical investigation.

Material and Methods
A third-generation phantom was designed and constructed comprising physiological vascular models from head to toe, including a 4-chamber heart with embedded heart valves and a controllable electromechanical pump. The models include modular segments, allowing for interchangeability between healthy and diseased vessels. Clinical sanity checks were performed using the phantom in combination with a dual-head power injector on a third-generation dual-source computed tomography scanner. Contrast media was injected at 1.5 g I/s, and the phantom was configured with a cardiac output of 5.3 L/min. Measurements of mean transit times between key vascular landmarks and peak enhancement values in Hounsfield units (HUs) were measured to compare with expected in vivo results estimated from literature.

Results
Good agreement was obtained between literature reference values from physiology and measured results. Contrast arrival between antecubital vein and right ventricle was measured to be 13.1 ± 0.3 seconds. Transit time from right ventricle to left ventricle was 12.0 ± 0.2 seconds, from left internal carotid artery to left internal jugular vein 7.7 ± 0.4 seconds, and 2.9 ± 0.2 seconds from aortic arch to aortic bifurcation. The peak enhancement measured in the regions of interest was between 336 HU and 557 HU.

Conclusions
The third-generation phantom demonstrated the capability of simulating physiologic in vivo conditions with accurate contrast media transport timing, good repeatability, and expected enhancement profiles. As a nearly complete cardiovascular system including a functioning 4-chamber heart and interchangeable disease states, the third-generation phantom presents new opportunities for the expansion of preclinical research in diagnostic imaging.
Impact of Reengineered Discharge Toolkit on Patients Undergoing Total Joint Surgeries
Authors: Mitchell Kathleen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Poorly coordinated care transitions account for nearly one fifth of Medicare hospital readmissions within 30 days postdischarge. The primary aim of this pilot project was to determine the impact of the Reengineered Discharge (RED) Toolkit on patient knowledge for self-management, satisfaction with the discharge process, readiness for discharge, discharge time, and 30-day readmission rate following hip or knee joint replacement or revision surgeries. Staff adherence with the RED Toolkit was also measured.
Thirty adult patients received the intervention of the RED Toolkit. Patient knowledge for self-management ranged from 85.2% to 92.6%; satisfaction with the discharge process scores increased from 33% to 59.2%; patient readiness for discharge scores increased from 2% to 64%. Discharge times decreased. On average, patients left the unit 5.67 (±2.52) hours after the written discharge order. The all-cause 30-day readmission rate was reduced to 3.3%. Staff achieved a RED Toolkit adherence rate of 86.8%. Findings provide a basis for developing a coordinated discharge planning process.
Soft Tissue Reconstruction for Upper Extremity Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections
Authors: Yu Jenny L. , Crowe Christopher S. , Yesantharao Pooja , Kennedy Stephen A. , Keys Kari A. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction
One of the main aspects of management for necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI) is surgical excision and debridement, which can result in large soft tissue defects. This study examined the reconstructive options and outcomes of patients with upper extremity NSTIs.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was performed on patients from a single institution who were diagnosed with an upper extremity NSTI between 2014 and 2019. Patient characteristics, infectious etiology, surgical debridements, reconstructive procedures, and secondary procedures were analyzed.

Results
There were 99 patients included in the study. The median size of the wound from the initial surgical debridement was 100 cm2 (interquartile range, 300 cm2). The mean number of debridements was 3.4. Seven patients underwent amputations, and 12 patients died. Most wounds were reconstructed via delayed primary closure (15 patients), skin grafting (16 patients), or a combination of the two (30 patients). Three patients underwent reverse radial forearm flaps, 1 patient underwent a groin flap, 3 patients underwent pedicled latissimus muscle flaps, and 2 patients underwent local flexor carpi ulnaris muscle flaps. Seven patients did not undergo any surgical reconstruction, and their wounds were managed with local wound care. Eight patients had complete or partial failure of their initial soft reconstruction requiring an additional operation, and 5 patients had secondary operations for neuromas and/or contractures.

Conclusions
Overall, patients with upper extremity NSTIs survive and undergo successful reconstruction of their wounds. Few patients required additional procedures for reconstructive failure or sequela of their wounds.
Risk Factors Associated With Misdiagnosis of Digital Glomus Tumor
Authors: Xie Yutong , Zhang Feng , Lineaweaver William C. , Zhou Xijie , Chen Hongyu , Yan Hede 
Published: June 2022

Objective
Glomus tumors are benign with unique triad of symptoms; however, the delayed diagnosis of these tumors is common. We investigated the possible risk factors for the misdiagnosis of digital glomus tumors, with an aim to treat these patients on time.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 104 patients with digital glomus tumors from October 2009 to February 2021. Data pertaining to sex, age, tumor locations, symptoms, imaging modalities, and clinical departments visited by the patients were extracted and analyzed through logistic regression.

Results
The duration of delayed diagnosis ranged from 3 months to 40 years (mean, 5.5 ± 6.5 years). The total misdiagnosis and recurrence rate are 34.6% and 3.8%, respectively. On the multivariate logistic regression, the misdiagnosis of digital glomus tumor was significantly associated with the clinical departments visited by the patients (P < 0.001). The risk of misdiagnosis of nonhand surgery department visit is 179.741-fold higher than that of hand surgery department visit.

Conclusions
The misdiagnosis rate of digital glomus tumor was closely related to the clinical departments visited by the patients. Hand surgeons are the first choice for the treatment of the tumor.
Inhibition of Nitrosative Stress Attenuates Myocardial Injury and Improves Outcomes after Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
Authors: Wang Fulin , Yuan Qiuhuan , Cao Shengchuan , Li Ruochuan , Zhang Jian , Yang Kehui , Xu Feng , Chen Yuguo 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
Nitrosative stress is widely involved in cell injury via inducing the nitration modification of a variety of proteins. This study aimed to investigate whether inhibition of nitrosative stress attenuated myocardial injury and improved outcomes in a rat model of cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

Methods:
Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to asphyxia-induced cardiac arrest and subsequently resuscitation. One minute after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), rats were randomized and administered the nitrosative stress inhibitor, FeTMPyP (1 or 3 mg/kg), or normal saline as a placebo. 3-Nitrotyrosine (3-NT), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), mortality, electrocardiogram (ECG), left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS), and levels of myocardial apoptosis were evaluated. The concentrations of lactate, creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB), and angiotensin II (Ang II), were measured in blood samples.

Results:
3-NT level was significantly increased in the heart after ROSC. Administration of FeTMPyP (1 or 3 mg/kg) attenuated the increase of 3-NT in the myocardium. Inhibition of nitrosative stress improved survival and attenuated CA/CPR-induced reperfusion injury by maintaining the stability of MAP and HR, and reducing the accumulation of lactic acid. Post-cardiac arrest rats had higher serum CK-MB and Ang II than healthy rats, while EF and FS were lower in healthy rats. Inhibition of nitrosative stress not only alleviated ischemic heart injury but also reduced the occurrence of CA/CPR-induced of arrhythmias. Moreover, nitrosative stress mediated the upregulation of Cleaved caspase-3 and downregulation Bcl-2, which was abolished by FeTMPyP.

Conclusions:
Inhibition of nitrosative stress is a novel molecular target to alleviate myocardial injury and improve outcomes in a rat model of CA/CPR.
Association Between Surgeon and Anesthesiologist Sex Discordance and Postoperative Outcomes
Authors: Wallis Christopher J. D. , Jerath Angela , Kaneshwaran Kirusanthy , Hallet Julie , Coburn Natalie , Wright Frances C. , Conn Lesley Gotlib , Bischof Danielle , Covelli Andrea , Klaassen Zachary , Zlotta Alexandre R. , Kulkarni Girish S. , Luckenbaugh Amy N. , Armstrong Kathleen , Lim Kelvin , Bass Barbara , Detsky Allan S. , Satkunasivam Raj 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of surgeon-anesthesiologist sex discordance on postoperative outcomes.

Summary Background Data:
Optimal surgical outcomes depend on teamwork, with surgeons and anesthesiologists forming two key components. There are sex and sex-based differences in interpersonal communication and medical practice which may contribute to patients’ perioperative outcomes.

Methods:
We performed a population-based, retrospective cohort study among adult patients undergoing 1 of 25 common elective or emergent surgical procedures from 2007 to 2019 in Ontario, Canada. We assessed the association between differences in sex between surgeon and anesthesiologists (sex discordance) on the primary endpoint of adverse postoperative outcome, defined as death, readmission, or complication within 30 days following surgery using generalized estimating equations.

Results:
Among 1,165,711 patients treated by 3006 surgeons and 1477 anesthesiologists, 791,819 patients were treated by sex concordant teams (male surgeon/male anesthesiologist: 747,327 and female surgeon/female anesthesiologist: 44,492), whereas 373,892 were sex discordant (male surgeon/female anesthesiologist: 267,330 and female surgeon/male anesthesiologist: 106,562). Overall, 12.3% of patients experienced >1 adverse postoperative outcomes of whom 1.3% died. Sex discordance between surgeon and anesthesiologist was not associated with a significant increased likelihood of composite adverse postoperative outcomes (adjusted odds ratio 1.00, 95% confidence interval 0.97–1.03).

Conclusions:
We did not demonstrate an association between intraoperative surgeon and anesthesiologist sex discordance on adverse postoperative outcomes in a large patient cohort. Patients, clinicians, and administrators may be reassured that physician sex discordance in operating room teams is unlikely to clinically meaningfully affect patient outcomes after surgery.