bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Consanguineous Marriages in the Development of Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Aliyeva Zhala , Preis Eden , Jacob Theresa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Consanguineous marriage is referred to as a marital union among close biological kin. In clinical genetics, it is called a relationship by marriage between first and second cousins. The rate of consanguineous marriage in different countries depends on different factors like education level, religion, local tradition, and socioeconomic status. Consanguineous marriages, particularly between first-degree cousins, have the effect of increasing various hereditary disorders, including intellectual disabilities and psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia. Studies have shown that there is a high correlation between consanguineous marriage and congenital malformations. Up to 20 percent of all marriages in Azerbaijan are consanguineous. Methods: We present the data on patients with moderate to severe intellectual and developmental disabilities treated at a psychiatric clinic situated in a small town in Azerbaijan. Results: Findings showed that more than half the children presenting to the clinic with intellectual disabilities, were offspring of parents who were biologically related. Conclusions: Since parents in consanguineous marriage share a higher percentage of risk carrying genes, the percentage of offspring that inherit a genetic disorder is much higher in offspring of related parents than that of offspring of unrelated parents.
Motives for alcohol use, risky drinking patterns and harm reduction practices among people who experience homelessness and alcohol dependence in Montreal
Authors: Motta-Ochoa Rossio , Incio-Serra Natalia , Brulotte Alexandre , Flores-Aranda Jorge 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
People experiencing homelessness are disproportionately affected by the harms related to alcohol use. Their alcohol dependence is associated with numerous physical and mental health problems, and strikingly high rates of alcohol related mortality. To develop interventions and treatments to address this problem, recent research has examined the patterns of alcohol use of people experiencing homeless. However, only a few studies have incorporated the perspective of these persons to identify such patterns and the ways in which they manage the harms associated to their alcohol use. To fill this gap, we conducted a qualitative study with a group of people (n = 34) experiencing homeless in Montreal (Canada). In doing so, we also explored how patterns of alcohol use are tied to their motives for drinking, as well as their harm reduction practices.
Methods
We used qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews and focus groups.
Results
The participants identified four motives for drinking, including coping with painful memories, coping with harsh living conditions, socializing and belonging, as well as enjoying and having fun. They also defined five risky patterns of alcohol use linked to these motives: 1) binge drinking; 2) mixing alcohol with drugs; 3) non-beverage alcohol drinking; 4) not ensuring alcohol to prevent withdrawn; and 5) drinking in public settings. Additionally, they enacted practices oriented to reduce the harms associated to their alcohol use, including planning how much to drink, ensuring alcohol availability, hiding to drink, hiding drinks, drinking alone, drinking/hanging out with others, drinking non-beverage alcohol, taking benzodiazepines, cocaine or other stimulant drugs.
Conclusion
By shedding light on the associations between motives for drinking, risky drinking and harm reduction practices we aim to showcase the rationale behind the participants alcohol use to inform policies and interventions tailored to their needs.
Vibration Suppression Method for Dual-flexible Manipulator Considering Bearing Friction Based on Adaptive PI Control Strategy with Nonlinear Disturbance Observer
Authors: Shang Dongyang , Li Xiaopeng , Yin Meng , Li Fanjie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A manipulator that contains both flexible joints and flexible loads is called a dual-flexible manipulator. The vibration of dual-flexible manipulators is affected by the bearing friction torque and the double flexibilities. This vibration phenomenon will reduce the motion accuracy in dual-flexible manipulators. In this study, an adaptive PI control strategy using a nonlinear disturbance observer (DOB) is proposed to reduce speed fluctuations of the servo system, thereby suppressing the vibration. Firstly, the mechanical model of the dual-flexible manipulator considering bearing frictions is established. Then, the adaptive law of the PI controller is proposed by the Lyapunov stability theorem. The optimal values of controller parameters are obtained by the adaptive law. Finally, the numerical simulation and control experiments of the dual-flexible manipulator prove that the control strategy can powerfully reduce the vibration. The experimental results show that the control strategy can reduce the acceleration in the vibration sensitive direction of the flexible manipulator by 41.78% compared with the PI control strategy.
Occurrence of EBSL and quinolone resistance genes among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from poultry, domestic pigs and environment in the Msimbazi River Basin in Tanzania
Authors: Kimera Zuhura I. , Mgaya Fauster X. , Mshana Stephen E. , Karimuribo Esron D. , Matee Mecky I. N. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The Enterobacteriaceae family particularly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae that are resistant to both quinolones and beta lactams occur worldwide, causing wide spread infections that are difficult to treat. We investigated occurrence and distribution of genes encoding for extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) production and quinolone resistance among multi-drug resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from poultry, domestic pigs and environment samples in the Msimbazi basin in Tanzania. Methods: A total of 110 non- duplicated isolates obtained from the poultry (n = 30), domestic pigs (n = 42) and environment (n = 39) were screened for ESBLs genes (CTX-M, TEM, and SHV) and plasmid mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, qnrC, qnrD, qepA, and aac(6)-Ib-cr) using polymerise chain reaction (PCR). Results: The most commonly detected ESBL genes were blaCTX-M (31.5%, n=41) and blaTEM (10%, n=13), while quinolone resistance genes were qnrS (27.7%, n=36), qnrB (6.9%, n=9) and aac (6)-lb-cr (5.4%, n=7). ESBL gene blaSHV and quinolone resistance genes qnrA, qnrC and qepA were not detected in any of the isolates. Resistance genes were highest in isolates from the environmental samples (86%, n=33), followed by poultry 72.5% (n=29), and domestic pigs 21.4%, (n=9). Overall, the most frequent resistance gene was qnrS, followed by blaCTX-M and blaTEM. About 17.7% (n=23) of the isolates depicted co-existence of ESBL and quinolone resistance genes. Conclusion: One Health interventional measures, involving different disciplines across human, animal and environmental sectors, are needed to control the spread of antimicrobial resistance in the Msimbazi River Basin in Tanzania.
Quantum-Like Criticality in Granular Fluids
Authors: Lu Feng , Zhang Chenxi , Fei Wei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Quantum criticality is one of the most intriguing features of quantum mechanics and is often associated with phenomena such as superfluidity, superconductivity, collective motion and density waves. This paper reports our direct observation of a quantum-like criticality in granular fluids through noise reduction and fluidity maintenance. We present a spectrogram of the nonlinear dispersion relation for granular fluids obtained via propagation of pressure waves. An order-disorder transition in granular fluids is detected by particle image velocimetry (PIV) and optical probes. The influence of this transition on the heat diffusivity in granular fluids is investigated, revealing two modes of heat diffusion above and below the critical granular temperature. Designing such granular fluids to realize quantum-like criticality behavior opens up new avenues to experimentally observe the macro-quantum state even at room temperature and can potentially be applied in industrial multiphase reactors, energy storage, and surface acoustic wave technology.
Supermarket and Web-based Intervention Targeting Nutrition (SuperWIN):
A Randomized, Parallel Assignment, Active Control, Efficacy Trial
Authors: Steen Dylan , Helsley Robert , Bhatt Deepak , King Eileen , Summer Suzanne , Fenchel Matthew , Saelens Brian , Eckman Mark , Couch Sarah 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Dietary interventions may best be delivered at grocery stores, which offer convenience, accessibility, full food inventories, and increasingly, in-store registered dietitians, online shopping, and delivery services. In collaboration with a large supermarket chain, we conducted a multisite, randomized, controlled trial (N = 247) of two individualized, in-person, dietitian-led, purchasing data-guided, education interventions focused on increasing Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score (a measure of DASH dietary pattern adherence). At both 3 and 6 months, all study groups had greater DASH adherence. At 3 months, the interventions increased DASH score by 4.7 (95% CI, 0.9, 8.5; p = 0.02), compared with the enhanced control group. In addition, the intervention that included online enhancements (e.g. online shopping, nutrition applications) increased DASH score by 3.8 (95% CI, 0.8, 6.9; p = 0.01) compared to the one without them. This trial demonstrates the efficacy of store-based, dietary interventions as well as modern online shopping tools in increasing DASH adherence.
A Sustainable and Secure Load Management Model for Green Cloud Data Centres
Authors: Saxena Deepika , Singh Ashutosh Kumar , Lee Chung-Nan , Buyya Rajkumar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Massive upsurge in cloud resource demand and inefficient load management stave off the sustainability of Cloud Data Centres (CDCs) resulting into high energy consumption, resource contention, excessive carbon emission, and security threats. In this context, a novel Sustainable and Secure Load Management (SaS-LM) Model is proposed to enhance the security for users with sustainability for CDCs. The model estimates and reserves the required resources viz., compute, network, and storage and dynamically adjust the load subject to maximum security and sustainability. An evolutionary optimization algorithm named Dual Phase Black Hole Optimization (DPBHO) is proposed for optimizing a multi-layered feed forward neural network and allowing the model to estimate resource usage and detect probable congestion. Further, DPBHO is extended to a Multi-objective DPBHO algorithm for a secure and sustainable VM allocation and management to minimize the number of active server machines, carbon emission, and resource wastage for greener CDCs. SaS-LM is implemented and evaluated using a benchmark real world Google Cluster VM traces. The proposed modelis compared with state-of-the-arts which reveals its efficacy in termsof reduced carbon emission and energy consumption up to 46.9% and43.9%, respectively with improved resource utilization up to 16.5%.
Machine Deep Learning: Convolutional Neural Network-Application for Pectus Excavatum Diagnosis from Frontal-View Chest X-Rays
Authors: Fan Yu-Jiun , Tzeng I-Shiang , Hsu Yuan-Yu , Wei Bo-Chun , Cheng Yeung-Leung , Hung Shuo-Ting 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Pectus excavatum (PE), a chest-wall deformity that can compromise cardiopulmonary function, cannot be detected by a radiologist through frontal chest radiography without a lateral view or chest computed tomography. This study aims to train a convolutional neural network (CNN), a deep learning architecture with powerful image processing ability, for PE screening from frontal chest radiography, which is the most frequently requested imaging test in current hospital practice. Posteroanterior-view chest images of PE and normal patients were collected from our hospital to build the database. Among them, 80% were used as the training set used to train the established CNN algorithm, Xception, whereas the remaining 20% was a test set for model performance evaluation. The performance of our diagnostic artificial intelligence model was 0.976 ± 0.014 under the receiver operating characteristic curve and a test accuracy of 0.973. Our study is the first to prove that a CNN can be trained as a diagnostic tool for PE using frontal chest X-rays, which is not possible by the human eye. It offers a convenient way to screen potential candidates for the surgical repair of PE, primarily using available image examinations.
Solvatochromism of a silver-epoxy nanocomposite dispersed in organic solvents
Authors: Sánchez-Tizapa Marciano , Barrera-Calva Enrique , Rentería-Tapia Víctor 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Fresh and aged silver-epoxy nanocomposites were dispersed in aprotic solvents having different dielectric constants (ε) like Acetone (Ace), N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO). Different colors and hues of the dispersions depending on the dielectric constant of the solvents were observed, suggesting a solvatochromic behavior. Aggregated and isolated triangular silver nanoprisms with sharp corners were predominant for fresh and aged dispersions in Acetone (ε = 21.0), respectively. Whereas, aggregated and isolated truncated triangular silver nanoprisms were observed for the ones in DMF (ε = 36.7), respectively. Stacks of elongated silver nanoparticles (Nps) predominated for both fresh and aged dispersions prepared in DMSO (ε = 47.2). It was found that as the dielectric constant of the solvents increases the average size of the Nps diminishes and the silver nanoprisms were transformed into elongated shapes, for both fresh and aged samples. These morphologies have an important impact on the position and shape of the plasmonic resonance. The dipolar optical extinction maximum of the silver Nps of aged samples was linearly red-shifted with an increase in the dielectric constant of the solvents. On the other hand, it was observed higher stability for silver Nps dispersed in DMSO and DMF compared with Ace in both fresh and aged samples. The results show the influence of the solvent dielectric constant on the optical properties, size distribution, morphology, and stability of the silver Nps. A solvatochromic mechanism of the silver Nps based on the coalescence of small silver seed Nps (< 40 nm) is proposed.
Integrated bioinformatics analysis to determine the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infections to Heart Failure patients
Authors: Huang Jing , Jiang Xiu-Juan , Yu Wei , Xu Yan , Xiong Bo , Qian Jun , Lou Ya-Ke , Liu YI-Heng , Tan Xing-Ling 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background:COVID-19, the highly contagious respiratory disease, has become a major threat to humanity, and its extrapulmonary effects were also evident. Heart failure (HF) may be the result of myocardial damage associated with COVID-19. Methods:To understand the relationship between SARS-COV-2 and HF, we used bioinformatics analysis to identify common pathways and molecular biomarkers for HF and COVID-19. In this study, two datasets (GSE152418, GSE57338) from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of SARS-COV-2 infection in HF patients to find common pathways and drug candidates. Results:A total of 123 common DEGs were identified in the two datasets. Using a variety of bioinformatics tools, we first constructed protein-protein interactions (PPI) and then identified hub genes that could be served as potential biomarkers or novel therapeutic strategies. In addition, some common associations between HF and the progression of COVID-19 infection were found by using functional under ontological terms and pathway analysis. Through the datasets, we also identified transcription factor-gene interactions, protein-drug interactions, and co-regulatory network of DEGs-miRNAs with common DEGs. We built gene-disease association network to represent diseases associated with mutual DEGs.Conclusions:Our study has identified the candidate hub genes and drugs that might become a new therapeutic target for novel coronavirus vaccine development and treatment in COVID-19 and HF.
MAD-UNet: Multi-scale attention and deep supervision-based 3D UNet for automatic liver segmentation from CT
Authors: Wang Jinke , Zhang Xiangyang , Wang Haiying 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Automatic liver segmentation is a prerequisite for hepatoma treatment; however, the low accuracy and stability hinder its clinical application. To alleviate this limitation, we deeply mine the context information of different scales and combine it with deep supervision to improve the accuracy of liver segmentation in this paper.
Methods
We proposed a new network called MAD-UNet for automatic liver segmentation from CT. It is grounded in the 3D UNet and leverages multi-scale attention and deep supervision mechanisms. In the encoder, the downsampling pooling in 3D UNet is replaced by convolution to alleviate the loss of feature information. Meanwhile, the residual module is introduced to avoid gradient vanishment. Besides, we use the long-short skip connections (LSSC) to replace the ordinary skip connections to preserve more edge detail. In the decoder, the features of different scales are aggregated, and the attention module is employed to capture the spatial context information. Moreover, we utilized the deep supervision mechanism to improve the learning ability on deep and shallow information.
Results
We evaluated the proposed method on three public datasets, including, LiTS17, SLiver07, and 3DIRCADb, and obtained Dice scores of 0.9727, 0.9752, and 0.9691 for liver segmentation, respectively, which outperform the other state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods.
Conclusions
Both qualitative and quantitative experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can make full use of the feature information of different stages while enhancing spatial data's learning ability, thereby achieving high liver segmentation accuracy. Thus, it proved to be a promising tool for automatic liver segmentation in clinical assistance.
Diverting ileostomy is a risk factor for renal impairment during CAPOX therapy
Authors: Okamoto Kazuaki , Nozawa Hiroaki , Sasaki Kazuhito , Murono Koji , Emoto Shigenobu , Ishihara Soichiro 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Temporary ileostomy is sometimes created after colorectal surgery and may cause renal impairment. However, the impact of ileostomy on renal function during adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of ileostomy on renal function during adjuvant chemotherapy.
Methods
We examined 184 patients who received adjuvant CAPOX therapy (capecitabine and oxaliplatin) for CRC with or without ileostomy between January 2011 and December 2020 at the University of Tokyo Hospital. Clinicopathological factors, including renal function, were retrospectively reviewed in association with temporary ileostomy. Factors associated with reductions in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) during CAPOX therapy were analyzed.
Results
Eighteen patients (10%) underwent temporary ileostomy. The maximum decrease in eGFR during CAPOX therapy was significantly higher in patients with than in those without ileostomy (-16.1 vs. -5.6 mL/min/1.73m2, p = 0.003). A multivariate analysis identified ileostomy as one of factors independently associated with reductions in eGFR during CAPOX therapy (p < 0.001). The cumulative number of readmission was also higher in patients with ileostomy (0.39 vs. 0.05 per person, p = 0.004).
Conclusion
Ileostomy significantly reduced eGFR during adjuvant CAPOX therapy. Therefore, renal function needs to be monitored during CAPOX therapy, particularly in patients with ileostomy.
Analytical Valuation of MHD Darcy Forchheimer Hybrid Nanofluid Flow with Slip Conditions over a Stretching Surface
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Bilal Muhammad 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The flow characteristics of a water based hybrid nanofluid comprised of copper Cu and cobalt ferrite CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) with thermal and velocity slip conditions past over an exponentially stretchable sheet are reported in this proposed study. Physical perception of the Darcy effect, heat absorption, viscous dissipation, and thermal radiation on the flow field of hybrid nanofluid was examined by dispersing the NPs of copper and cobalt ferrite into the water as a base fluid. Because of their wide variety of applications, cobalt iron oxide and copper nanoparticles are drawing a lot of attention in scientific and technological research. For this purpose, the dynamics have been characterized as a system of PDEs. Which are reduced to the system of ODEs through similarity replacements. The analytical algorithmic "HAM' is used to further process the resultant set of dimensionless differential equations. It has been observed that the velocity and energy profiles improved by enhancing the injection factor, while the suction parameter and Darcy-Forchhemier effect have the opposite effect on both profiles.
Social determinants of health pave the path to maternal deaths in rural Sri Lanka: reflections from social autopsies
Authors: Irangani Lasandha , Prasanna Indika Ruwan , Gunarathne Sajaan Praveena , Shanthapriya Sandaru Hasaranga , Wickramasinghe Nuwan Darshana , Agampodi Suneth Buddhika , Agampodi Thilini Chanchala 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Ending preventable maternal deaths remains a challenge in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Society perceived causes and real-life observations can reveal the intangible causes of maternal deaths irrespective of formal maternal death investigations. This study reports complex patterns in which social determinants act towards paving the path to maternal deaths in a rural Sri Lankan setting. Methods: We conducted social autopsies for 15/18 maternal deaths (in two consecutive years during the past decade) in district A (pseudonymized). In-depth interviews of 43 respondents and observations were recorded in the same field sites. During thematic analysis, identified themes were further classified according to the World Health Organization framework for social determinants of health (SDH). The patterns between themes and clustering of social determinants based on the type of maternal deaths were analyzed using mixed methods. Results: Discernable social causes underpinned 12 out of 15 maternal deaths. Extreme poverty, low educational level, gender inequity, and elementary or below-level occupations of the husband were the characteristic structural determinants of most deceased families. Social isolation was the commonest leading cause manifesting as a reason for many other social factors and resulted in poor social support paving the path to most maternal deaths. A core set of poverty, social isolation, and poor social support acted together with alcohol usage, and violence led to suicides. These core determinants mediating through neglected self-health care led to delay in health-seeking. Deficits in quality of care and neglect were noted at health institutions and the field. Conclusion: Social autopsies of maternal deaths revealed complex social issues and social determinants of health leading to maternal deaths in Sri Lanka, denoting the need for a socially sensitive health system.