bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral Roberts
Authors: McBain Robert D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The religious economy paradigm sees churches as firms, pastors as marketers, and church members as consumers whose tastes shape the goods and services the ministers offer. Religious innovators operate within this framework as suppliers who thrive because they react quickly to changing cultural and social conditions. This article argues that Oral Roberts was a religious innovator who operated and thrived within this environment because he quickly reacted to changing cultural and social conditions and resourcefully supplied and packaged his spiritual products in ways that resonated with his followers’ needs and tastes.
Sanctioning Perpetrators of International Crimes: A Vignette Study
Authors: Bijleveld Catrien , Blažević Margareta , Gelvez Diana Bociga , Buljubasic Mirza 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Limited research has been devoted to factors impacting the perceived justness of sentences for international crimes. We presented respondents with a vignette in which such a hypothetical crime was described, as well as some contextual information; in the vignette, the perpetrator received a sentence that was based on similar historical cases. In the study, the rank of the perpetrator, the apology by the perpetrator, and the location of the trial (in the country where the crime was committed or at the International Criminal Court) were manipulated. Respondents were asked whether they believed the sentence was just or whether they would hand down a different sentence. Qualitative questions were included to elucidate respondents’ choices. Our mixed methods analyses reveal how apology, over and above strong geographic differences, plays a significant and dominant role in perceived justness.
Coexistence of two newt species in a transition zone of range overlap
Authors: Arntzen Jan W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Theory suggests that spatial segregation of similar, co-occurring species may be driven by alternative innate life history and dispersal strategies, and that it operates through catastrophic events. An inventory of the evolutionary closely related small-bodied newts Lissotriton helveticus and L. vulgaris in the northwest of France demonstrated the species’ spatial partitioning, with L. vulgaris dominating in two pond-rich and historically disturbed coastal areas and L. helveticus prevailing inland where ponds are sparser. Population numbers were followed over several decades (1975–2021) in a pond within the narrow (ca. 2000 m wide) species transition zone. Early in the temporal survey (1986) a massive die-off was observed of two-third of the L. helveticus breeding population from a late frost event. Yet, the contribution of L. helveticus to the newt assemblage was more or less stable around 60%, even though the total population size fluctuated by an order of magnitude. Lissotriton vulgaris and a third species, Ichthyosaura alpestris, made up ca. 30% and 10% of the total till 1993, after which date their relative contributions reversed. These data suggest that a state shift may have occurred among the latter two species and that the assumed two-species dynamics of Lissotriton underlying the study has been an oversimplification. The local decline of L. vulgaris is paralleled by the loss of well-vegetated ponds from the wider agricultural terrain that affects this species more than L. helveticus and I. alpestris.
The Law Applicable to Succession, Between Unity and Splitting of the Relevant Legal Regime
Authors: Marongiu Buonaiuti Fabrizio 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The author comments on a recent judgment by the Corte di Cassazione (Sezioni Unite Civili) touching upon particularly significant issues of private international law in matters of succession. A central issue in the judgment under review lies in the role of renvoi as an instrument of coordination between national conflict-of-laws systems. This is particularly critical in succession matters, in cases where the choice-of-law rules of the countries concerned are inspired by the opposite systems of unity rather than splitting of succession. Alongside renvoi, the judgment under review touches upon other important issues of private international law, such as characterization and the requirements for a valid optio legis by the deceased. As the author notes, while the case, due to temporal reasons, was decided pursuant to Italian private international law rules in matters of succession, comparable results would have probably been reached based on the choice-of-law rules embodied in the European Succession Regulation No. 650/2012.
Italy’s Exercise of Foreign Investment Screening Power against Chinese Takeover
Authors: Lampo Giuliana 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In March 2021, Italy vetoed the acquisition of an Italian company operating in the field of semiconductors by a Chinese group. It did so by using its so-called golden power, meaning the power to interfere with the management of companies to protect strategic economic sectors, introduced in 2012 and substantially revised in 2019 and 2020. The present comment offers an evaluation of the compatibility of Italy’s inward investment screening powers with international law norms on the promotion and protection of foreign investments by trying to outline the limits posed by the latter on domestic foreign investment screening mechanisms.
Multimodel Errors and Emergence Times in Climate Attribution Studies
Authors: Naveau Philippe , Thao Soulivanh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Global climate models, like any in silico numerical experiments, are affected by different types of bias. Uncertainty quantification remains a challenge in any climate detection and attribution analysis. A fundamental methodological question is to determine which statistical summaries, while bringing relevant signals, can be robust with respect to multimodel errors. In this paper, we propose a simple statistical framework that significantly improves signal detection in climate attribution studies. We show that the complex bias correction step can be entirely bypassed for models for which bias between the simulated and unobserved counterfactual worlds is the same as between the simulated and unobserved factual worlds. To illustrate our approach, we infer emergence times in precipitation from the CMIP5 and CMIP6 archives. The detected anthropogenic signal in yearly maxima of daily precipitation clearly emerges at the beginning of the twenty-first century. In addition, no CMIP model seems to outperform the others and a weighted linear combination of all improves the estimation of emergence times.

Significance Statement
We show that the bias in multimodel global climate simulations can be efficiently handled when the appropriate metric is chosen. This metric leads to an easy-to-implement statistical procedure based on a checkable assumption. This allows us to demonstrate that optimal convex combinations of CMIP outputs can improve the signal strength in finding emergence times. Our data analysis procedure is applied to yearly maximum of precipitation from CMIP5 and CMIP6 databases. The attribution of the anthropogenic forcing clearly emerges in extreme precipitation at the beginning of the twenty-first century.
The Effects of Soil Representation in WRF–CLM on the Atmospheric Moisture Budget
Authors: Dennis Eli J. , Berbery E. Hugo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Soil hydrophysical properties are necessary components in weather and climate simulation, yet the parameter inaccuracies may introduce considerable uncertainty in the representation of surface water and energy fluxes. This study uses seasonal coupled simulations to examine the uncertainties in the North American atmospheric water cycle that result from the use of different soil datasets. Two soil datasets are considered: the State Soil Geographic dataset (STATSGO) from the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Global Soil Dataset for Earth System Modeling (GSDE) from Beijing Normal University. Two simulations are conducted from 1 June to 31 August 2016–18 using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model coupled with the Community Land Model (CLM) version 4 and applying each soil dataset. It is found that changes in soil texture lead to statistically significant differences in daily mean surface water and energy fluxes. The boundary layer thermodynamic structure responds to these changes in surface fluxes resulting in differences in mean CAPE and CIN, leading to conditions that are less conducive for precipitation. The soil-texture-related surface fluxes instigate dynamic responses as well. Low-level wind fields are altered, resulting in differences in the associated vertically integrated moisture fluxes and in vertically integrated moisture flux convergence in the same regions. Through land–atmosphere interactions, it is shown that soil parameters can affect each component of the atmospheric water budget.
Olfactory Outcomes After Middle Turbinate Resection in Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Hsu Pei‐Yuan , Hsieh Li‐Chun , Wang Yu‐Hsuan , Chen Shiu‐Jau , Chan Yun‐Kai , Shen Kuang‐Hsuan , Wang Ying‐Piao 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveEndoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery is safe and effective for sellar and parasellar tumor removal. Partial middle turbinate (MT) resection is sometimes performed to optimize the surgical field and facilitate postoperative care. Disturbances in olfaction are concerning because of the lack of randomized studies in this field.Study DesignProspective randomized trial.SettingSingle academic medical center.MethodsWe resected the lower halves of bilateral MTs in the resected group and laterally fractured bilateral MTs in the preserved group. Olfactory outcomes and sinonasal conditions were assessed by using the validated Taiwan Smell Identification Test and Lund‐Kennedy Endoscopy Score, respectively. Forty‐nine patients were enrolled in the final analysis, of whom 23 underwent partial MT resection.ResultsThe average Taiwan Smell Identification Test result was 36.9 one month after surgery, with a significant change of −4.4 ± 3.1 (mean ± SD; P <. 01) from baseline. The impact was not significant at 3 months (−2.1 ± 2.6, P =. 13) or 6 months (0.3 ± 2.0, P =. 79). Between the MT resection and preservation groups, there were no significant differences at postoperative 1 month (P =. 60), 3 months (P =. 86), and 6 months (P >. 99). Lund‐Kennedy Endoscopy Score was still higher at 3 months (P =. 006) after surgery but returned to the preoperative level at 6 months (P =. 63).ConclusionsEndoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery may affect olfaction at 1 month after surgery, and olfactory function is expected to return after 3 months. Partial MT resection did not result in additional olfactory loss. It is safe to perform partial MT resection during surgery without compromising the olfactory outcomes.
Evidence‐Based Medicine in Otolaryngology, Part XIII: Health Disparities Research and Advancing Health Equity
Authors: Megwalu Uchechukwu C. , Raol Nikhila P. , Bergmark Regan , Osazuwa‐Peters Nosayaba , Brenner Michael J. 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo provide a contemporary resource for clinicians and researchers on health equity research and implementation strategies to mitigate or eliminate disparities in health care.Data SourcesPublished studies and literature on health disparities, applicable research methodologies, and social determinants of health in otolaryngology.Review MethodsLiterature through October 2021 was reviewed, including consensus statements, guidelines, and scientific publications related to health care equity research. This research focus provides insights into existing disparities, why they occur, and the outcomes of interventions designed to resolve them. Progress toward equity requires intentionality in implementing quality improvement initiatives, tracking data, and fostering culturally competent care. Priority areas include improving access, removing barriers to care, and ensuring appropriate and effective treatment. Although research into health care disparities has advanced significantly in recent years, persistent knowledge gaps remain. Applying the lens of equity to data science can promote evidence‐based practices and optimal strategies to reduce health inequities.ConclusionsHealth disparities research has a critical role in advancing equity in otolaryngology–head and neck surgery. The phases of disparities research include detection, understanding, and reduction of disparities. A multilevel approach is necessary for understanding disparities, and health equity extensions can improve the rigor of evidence‐based data synthesis. Finally, applying an equity lens is essential when designing and evaluating health care interventions, to minimize bias.Implications for PracticeUnderstanding the data and practices related to disparities research may help promote an evidence‐based approach to care of individual patients and populations, with the potential to eventually surmount the negative effects of health care disparities.
Factors Associated With a Prolonged Time to Return to Play After a Concussion
Authors: Wang Eric X. , Hwang Calvin E. , Nguyen Jessica N. , Segovia Nicole A. , Abrams Geoffrey D. , Kussman Andrea 
Published: March 2022

Background: Prognosticating recovery times for individual athletes with a concussion remains a challenge for health care providers. Several preinjury and postinjury factors have been proposed to be predictive of prolonged return-to-play (RTP) times, but the data in this area are still sparse. Purposes: This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with prolonged recovery times and determine which are most predictive of prolonged recovery times in a head-to-head comparison. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: All concussions occurring between September 2017 and August 2020 at a single National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I institution were reviewed and included in this study. Preinjury modifiers including age, sex, sport, concussion history, and past medical problems were collected from the electronic medical records. Postinjury modifiers analyzed included initial and follow-up Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5th Edition scores, vestibular evaluation findings, and eye tracking results. Results: A total of 159 athletes and 187 concussion cases were included. Preinjury factors that were correlated with prolonged RTP times included a history of concussions ( P = .015), a history of migraines ( P = .013), and whether an athlete participated in an individual sport ( P = .009). Postinjury factors correlated with prolonged RTP times included the total number ( P = .020) and severity ( P = .023) of symptoms as well as abnormal Vestibular Ocular Motor Screening findings ( P = .002). Overall, 6 different symptoms (balance problems, difficulty concentrating, light sensitivity, drowsiness, fatigue/low energy, and difficulty remembering) were significantly correlated with prolonged RTP times. The study also found that the number and severity of symptoms were additive in a dose-dependent fashion. On multivariable analysis of all these factors, a history of concussions was found to be the most predictive of prolonged RTP times, while participation in an individual sport had the largest effect on recovery times. Conclusion: Several preinjury and postinjury risk factors were identified as being correlated with prolonged recovery times. Many of these risk factors were also found to be additive in nature. This information provides clinicians with a valuable tool in prognosticating and estimating recovery times for athletes. The study also revealed that athletes participating in individual sports had longer RTP times compared with athletes in team sports, which is a novel finding that requires further research.
HPV self-sampling and follow-up over two rounds of cervical screening in Australia – the iPap trial
Authors: Sultana Farhana , Gertig Dorota M , English Dallas R , Simpson Julie A , Drennan Kelly T , Wrede C David , Mullins Robyn M , Heley Stella , Saville Marion , Brotherton Julia ML 
Published: March 2022

Objectives Previously, based on 6 months of follow-up, we showed that HPV self-sampling improved participation in cervical screening compared to a reminder letter for Pap testing for never- and under-screened women. Here, we report follow-up and related screening outcomes for women who participated in the initial self-sampling over two screening rounds. Setting The randomised controlled trial was conducted in Australia. Methods Never- and under-screened women were randomly allocated to the HPV self-sampling or the reminder for Pap test arm and followed at 6 and 36 months since the kits were first mailed. Results The first round of HPV self-sampling kits were mailed from May–July 2014 to 12 572 women. After 36 months, 19% of never-screened and 9% of under-screened women returned a kit for HPV testing; 2.7% were HPV 16/18 and 5.8% non-16/18 HPV positive. Compliance with first round follow-up was 84% (95% CI: 77.1–89.5%). Non-compliant and cytology triage negative women were mailed another kit at 12 months. Compliance at 12-month follow-up was 59.3% (49.4 to 68.6%). Of 37 women with a 12-month repeat HPV, 70% were positive. Of women who tested negative for HPV in the first round (n = 1573), 25% attended regular screening in the next round and none had CIN2 + detected. The overall prevalence of CIN2 + was 8.5 per 1000 screened (4.8 to 13.9 per 1000). Conclusion While self-sampling can successfully engage women, compliance with repeat testing may require monitoring. The clinician-supported self-collection pathway now in use in Australia will likely improve women's engagement with follow-up.
Using Natural Language Processing Techniques to Detect Adverse Events From Progress Notes Due to Chemotherapy
Authors: Mashima Yukinori , Tamura Takashi , Kunikata Jun , Tada Shinobu , Yamada Akiko , Tanigawa Masatoshi , Hayakawa Akiko , Tanabe Hirokazu , Yokoi Hideto 
Published: March 2022

Objective: In recent years, natural language processing (NLP) techniques have progressed, and their application in the medical field has been tested. However, the use of NLP to detect symptoms from medical progress notes written in Japanese, remains limited. We aimed to detect 2 gastrointestinal symptoms that interfere with the continuation of chemotherapy—nausea/vomiting and diarrhea—from progress notes using NLP, and then to analyze factors affecting NLP. Materials and methods: In this study, 200 patients were randomly selected from 5277 patients who received intravenous injections of cytotoxic anticancer drugs at Kagawa University Hospital, Japan, between January 2011 and December 2018. We aimed to detect the first occurrence of nausea/vomiting (Group A) and diarrhea (Group B) using NLP. The NLP performance was evaluated by the concordance with a review of the physicians’ progress notes used as the gold standard. Results: Both groups showed high concordance: 83.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 74.1-90.1) in Group A and 97.7% (95% CI 91.3-99.9) in Group B. However, the concordance was significantly better in Group B ( P = .0027). There were significantly more misdetection cases in Group A than in Group B (15.3% in Group A; 1.2% in Group B, P = .0012) due to negative findings or past history. Conclusion: We detected occurrences of nausea/vomiting and diarrhea accurately using NLP. However, there were more misdetection cases in Group A due to negative findings or past history, which may have been influenced by the physicians’ more frequent documentation of nausea/vomiting.
No.253 Lymph Nodes Metastasis in Left-Sided Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis (CRLM) Patients: Incidence and Prognosis
Authors: Chang Jiang , Mao Yihao , Feng Qingyang , Chen Yijiao , Wu Qi , Zheng Peng , Zhang Zhiyuan , Yu Shanchao , Jiang Yudong , Wei Ye , Xu Jianmin , He Guodong 
Published: March 2022

Background: No.253 lymph node is the gateway to systemic metastasis for left-sided colorectal cancer. However, the value of D3 resection is still controversial. This study aimed to identify the incidence rate and prognostic value of 253LN metastasis in patients with left-sided colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) mainly through blood vessels and thus to provide theoretical basis for 253LN resection. Methods: From February 2012 to February 2019, a total of 281 patients who underwent curative resection for both primary and metastatic tumors were collected retrospectively. The clinicopathological and genetic characteristics were compared between 58 patients with positive 253LN and 223 patients with negative. Relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared with Kaplan–Meier method. Cox regression analysis and a forest plot were conducted for RFS. Results: The incidence of 253LN metastasis in left-sided CRLM was 20.64% (58/281). Those with 253LN positive were T4 stage, N2 stage, and D1/D2 lymph nodes metastatic. About 10.3% (8/78) 253LN positive patients were D1/D2 negative. The 253LN metastasis was an independent risk factor for relapse after curative surgery, but not for OS. Patients with 253LN metastasis had worse RFS, especially in female, adenocarcinoma, poorly differentiated, pT3, preoperative serum CA199 < 37 U/mL, bilobar liver metastasis, without preoperative chemotherapy, KRAS, NRAS, or BRAF wild type. Conclusion: The incidence of 253LN metastasis in left-sided CRLM is 20.64%, and skip metastasis rate is 10.3%. The 253LN status is an independent prognostic risk factor for RFS but not for OS after curative surgery. Routine resection of 253LN should be applied in curative surgery of left-sided CRLM.
Adolescent self-harm: Parents’ experiences of supporting their child and help-seeking
Authors: Townsend Michelle L , Matthews Emily L , Miller Caitlin E , Grenyer Brin FS 
Published: March 2022

Self-harm in children and adolescents is a growing public health issue. Parents are forefront in identifying, responding to and supporting their child to seek help. A sequential mixed-method study which included an online survey ( N = 37) and a semi-structured interview ( n = 10) was conducted to understand parents’ experiences of supporting and accessing help for their child. Parents ( M = 45.70 years, SD = 6.18) with a child who has engaged in self-harm behaviours ( M = 16.89 years, SD = 3.91) participated. Parents sought help from a range of services and perceived psychiatrists, private psychologists and friends as the most helpful and school psychologists, paediatricians, Emergency Department (ED) and the national youth mental health organisation as the least helpful. Two themes were interpreted from the qualitative data: (1) An emotional journey into the dark unknown, and (2) The promise of psychological help. A series of recommendations for other parents in similar situations, as well as health professionals were made. Parents want health professionals to provide appropriate referrals, work collaboratively with families, meaningfully connect with and validate parents, provide practical and psychological support for families and establish parent support groups. There remains a need for widely available evidence-informed resources, information and support for parents.