bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal Trends and Effects of Noise on Upsweep Calls of Eastern South Pacific Southern Right Whales
Authors: Jacobs Ellen Rose , Landea-Briones Rafaela , Sayigh Laela 
Published: August 2022

Eastern South Pacific southern right whales (ESPSRW) are a subpopulation of southern right whales (Eubalaena australis) off the coasts of Peru and Chile recognized by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as critically endangered as a result of heavy whaling efforts in the late 18th to 20th centuries. Most recent population estimates put their numbers around 50 individuals. To test for the efficacy of passive acoustic monitoring of this population, we recorded 5 months of continuous acoustic data (January 2012-June 2012) off the southwestern tip of Isla de Chiloé. To test for trends in occurrence, we identified 11,313 individual ESPSRW upsweep calls, which have been associated with maintaining contact with conspecifics. Call occurrence increased over the course of the deployment and peaked between April and June, indicating an increase in use of this area. A clear diel pattern in which upsweep calls were predominately detected during dusk and night hours was identified, indicating ESPSRW are likely foraging during daylight hours, as upsweep calls are inversely related to foraging behavior. We quantified noise levels in the frequency range of their communication (100 Hz third octave) to understand the change in active space whales may be experiencing. We measured noise levels from 90 dB re 1 μPa to 111 dB re 1 µPa (5th and 95th percentile), a 21 dB fluctuation that results in an order-of-magnitude decrease in active space area. We identified sources of high noise at or above the 75th percentile as predominately blue whale calls (occurring in 71.6% of total sampled minutes) and ship noise (occurring in 69.4% of total sampled minutes). Ship noise was responsible for outliers in excess of 140 dB re 1 µPa. In a population as diminished as ESPSRW, such disruptions of their communication range could result in significant barriers to maintaining contact with conspecifics. Passive acoustic monitoring is a powerful tool for monitoring populations as rarely sighted as ESPSRW. Understanding trends in presence and behavior as well as potential sources of disruption to their calling behavior is vital to determining conservation measures that will be most effective toward helping this critically endangered population.
Comparing the social signaling behavior of humpback whales in three group types on the Hawaiian breeding grounds using acoustic tags
Authors: Carvalho Jessica , Lammers Marc O. , Indeck Katherine L. , Pack Adam A. , Castilho Rita 
Published: August 2022

Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) are exceptionally vocal among baleen whale species. While extensive research has been conducted on humpback whale songs, gaps remain in our understanding of other forms of communication, particularly non-song calls. Here, we compare the spectral features and temporal parameters of non-song calls recorded from AcousondeTM tagged humpback whales in three commonly observed group types in the breeding grounds: adult dyads (N = 3), singly escorted mother-calf pairs (N = 4), and competitive groups (N = 4). Recordings were collected off Maui, Hawai’i during the winter breeding seasons of 2019–2021. Individual calls were identified based on visual and aural inspection of spectrograms using Raven Pro 1.6 software, with a total of 842 calls isolated from 47.6 h of acoustic recordings. Competitive groups produced the most calls (N = 358); however, after adjusting for the differences in recording hours and the number of individuals, the call rate (calls/hour/whale) was not significantly different between group compositions. The temporal parameters and frequency measures of calls did not vary significantly across the groups. However, interesting patterns of calling behavior were observed (e.g., competitive groups had the shortest inter-call intervals and the highest frequency calls, and escorted mother-calf pairs had the longest inter-call intervals) and it is possible the lack of statistical significance could be attributed to the small sample size of tag deployments. This study provides new insights into humpback whale vocal communication behavior in the Hawaiian Islands breeding grounds.
Ultrasound-guided paravertebral blockade reduced perioperative opioids requirement in pancreatic resection: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Han Ye , Dai Yuanqiang , Shi Yaping , Zhang Xiaoxiu , Xia Boyang , Ji Qiufang , Yu Xiya , Bian Jinjun , Xu Tao 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundPerioperative opioid use for pain control has been found to be associated with side effects and adverse prognosis. In this study, we hypothesized that paravertebral block could reduce the consumption of opioids during pancreatic resection surgery.MethodsWe conducted a prospective, randomized trial. Patients with resectable pancreatic cancer were randomly assigned to one of the two groups: those who received bilateral paravertebral block combined with general anesthesia [bilateral paravertebral blockade (PTB) group] or those who received only general anesthesia (Control group). The primary endpoint was the perioperative consumption of opioids (sufentanil and remifentanil). The main secondary endpoints were pain scores, complications, and serum cytokine levels.ResultsA total of 153 patients were enrolled in the study and 119 cases were analyzed. Compared to the control group, patients in PTB patients had significantly lower perioperative (30.81 vs. 56.17 µg), and intraoperative (9.58 vs. 33.67 µg) doses of sufentanil (both p &lt; 0.001). Numerical rating scale scores of pain were comparable between the two groups. No statistical differences in complications were detected.ConclusionBilateral paravertebral block combined with general anesthesia reduced the perioperative consumption of opioids by 45%.Registration numberChiCTR1800020291 (available on http://www.chictr.org.cn/).
Extensive resection improves overall and disease-specific survival in localized anorectal melanoma: A SEER-based study
Authors: Liu Chang , Tang Cuiping , Zhang Jianbo , Zhu Peng 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundAnorectal melanoma is a rare tumor with a dismal prognosis. The only promising treatment for anorectal melanoma is surgery, either extensive resection (ER) or local excision (LE). However, the optimal extent of resection is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the survival outcomes of anorectal melanoma at different stages are influenced by the surgical approaches (LE or ER) using the National Institute of Health's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) database.MethodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database was queried to identify patients treated for anorectal melanoma (2000–2018). Overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) outcomes were compared for the two surgical approaches (ER or LE) stratified by stage (localized, regional and distant).ResultsA total of 736 patients were included in the study. Details of previous surgical procedures were available for 548 of the study patients: 360 (65.7%) underwent LE, and 188 (34.3%) underwent ER. In localized cases, 199 underwent LE, and 48 underwent ER. The OS (median 45 vs. 29 months, 5-year rate 41.7% vs. 23.4%) and DSS (median 66 vs. 34 months, 5-year rate 51% vs. 30.7%) of patients undergoing ER were significantly better (p = 0.009 and 0.041, respectively) than those who received LE. Multivariate analysis showed that the type of surgery was an independent prognostic factor for both OS and DSS. Among the regional cases, 89 cases had LE, and 96 cases had ER. Patients with regional disease who underwent ER had no significant differences in OS (23 vs. 21 months; p = 0.866) or DSS (24 vs. 24 months; p = 0. 907) compared to patients who underwent LE. In distant cases, 72 cases had LE, and 44 cases had ER. Patients with metastatic disease who had ER also had similar OS (median 11 vs. 8 months; p = 0.36) and DSS (median 11 vs. 8 months; p = 0.593) to those who underwent LE.ConclusionExtensive resection can improve the long-term prognosis of localized anorectal melanoma compared to local excision, but the prognosis of the two surgical techniques is comparable in both regional patients and distant patients.
IL-33 Participates in the Development of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Jia , Liu Lei , Su Yang , Wang Yi , Zhu Yuchun , Sun Xiaobin , Guo Yuanbiao , Shan Jing 
Published: August 2022

Background: The progression from chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) to Barrett esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is an inflammatory-driven neoplastic change. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) has identified as a crucial factor in several inflammatory disorders and malignancies.Methods: The high-density tissue microarray of the human EAC was analyzed with IL-33 immunohistochemistry staining (IHC). By anastomosing the jejunum with the esophagus, the rat model of EAC with mixed gastroduodenal reflux was established. The expression of IL-33 was determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot (WB), IHC and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Esophageal adenocarcinoma cells (OE19 and OE33) and human esophageal epithelial cells (HEECs) were used.Results: In the cytoplasm of human EAC tissue, IL-33 expression was substantially greater than in adjacent normal tissue. In rat model, the expression of IL-33 in the EAC group was considerably greater than in the control group, and this expression increased with the upgrade of pathological stage. In in vitro experiment, the mRNA and protein levels of IL-33 were considerably greater in OE19 and OE33 than in HEECs. The stimulation of IL-33 enhanced the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of OE19 and OE33, but soluble ST2 (sST2) inhibited these effects. IL-33 stimulated the release of IL-6 by OE19 and OE33 cells.Conclusion: This study demonstrated the overexpression of IL-33 in the transition from GERD to EAC and that IL-33 promoted carcinogenesis in EAC cells through ST2. IL-33 might be a possible preventive target for EAC.
Thrombospondin 2 is a Functional Predictive and Prognostic Biomarker for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Lin Yuxiang , Lin E. , Li Yan , Chen Xiaobin , Chen Minyan , Huang Jun , Guo Wenhui , Chen Lili , Wu Long , Zhang Xiang , Zhang Wenzhe , Jin Xuan , Zhang Jie , Fu Fangmeng , Wang Chuan 
Published: August 2022

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by a more aggressive biological behavior and unfavorable outcome. Circulating and histological expression of THBS2 has been demonstrated to be a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in patients with various types of tumors. However, few studies have evaluated the predictive and prognostic value of THBS2 in TNBC specifically.Methods: In total, 185 triple-negative breast cancer patients (TNBC) with preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy were enrolled in this study. Serum THBS2 (sTHBS2) level was measured both prior to the start of NAC and at surgery by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Histological THBS2 (hTHBS2) expression in patients with residual tumors was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining method. Correlations between variables and treatment response were studied. Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox proportional hazard regression model were applied for survival analysis. Functional activities of THBS2 in TNBC cells were determined by CCK-8 assay, colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assay.Results: Of the 185 patients, 48 (25.9%) achieved pathological complete response (pCR) after completion of NAC. Elevated pCR rates were observed in patients with a lower level of sTHBS2 at surgery and higher level of sTHBS2 change (OR = 0.88, 95%CI: 0.79–0.98, p = 0.020 and OR = 1.12, 95%CI: 1.02–1.23, p = 0.015, respectively). In survival analysis, hTHBS2 expression in residual tumor was of independent prognostic value for both disease-free survival (HR = 2.21, 95%CI = 1.24–3.94, p = 0.007) and overall survival (HR = 2.07, 95%CI = 1.09–3.92, p = 0.026). For functional studies, THBS2 was indicated to inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of TNBC cells in vitro.Conclusion: Our findings confirmed the value of serum THBS2 level to predict pCR for TNBC patients and the prognostic performance of histological THBS2 expression in non-pCR responders after NAC. THBS2 might serve as a promising functional biomarker for patients with triple-negative breast cancer.
Investigation of Reciprocal Cross Effects in F2 Nellore–Angus Calves
Authors: Mickey Dana M. , Riley David G. , Sanders James O. , Herring Andy D. 
Published: August 2022

The objectives of this study were to analyze calf performance traits and sex ratio frequencies in reciprocal Bos indicus–Bos taurus F2 Nellore–Angus calves (n = 539). The F2 calves were produced using reciprocal Angus-sired (AN) and Nellore-sired (NA) F1 sires and F1 dams, resulting in four F2 cross types. Calf weight traits were analyzed using mixed models. Deviations from 50% calf sex ratios were tested against expected binomial thresholds. Dam type influenced Julian birth date (p < 0.05) with calves from AN cows born 5 to 6 days earlier than calves from NA cows. Sire type and dam type affected birth weight (p < 0.05) with calves from NA parents approximately 2.5 kg heavier than those from AN parents; weaning weight did not differ for parent F1 type. However, an interaction between sire and dam types affected weaning weight (p = 0.038) where AN x AN calves were 5 to 8 kg lighter than other crosses. Sire type influenced calf sex distribution at birth (p = 0.036) and at weaning (p = 0.026) with NA sires producing over 66% male calves. These results suggest birth weight reciprocal differences due to parental line of descent typically observed among F1 Bos indicus–Bos taurus crosses can persist in subsequent generations.
Potensi Likuifaksi Pasir Seragam Berdasarkan Tegangan Air Pori Dan Ukuran Butiran (Laboratory Model)
Authors: Risayanti  , Abdul Hakam  
Published: August 2022

Analisis untuk mengetahui potensi likuifaksi pada suatu deposit tanah dapat dilakukan melalui parameter tanah seperti ukuran butiran dan tekanan air pori. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku tanah pasir seragam terhadap kenaikan tekanan air pori akibat beban siklik serta potensinya terhadap likuifaksi akibat dari perubahan tekanan air pori tersebut. Sample yang diujikan adalah pasir seragam yang tertahan pada saringan #20, #40, #60, #100 dan #200 yang diambil dari uji ayakan, kemudian masing-masing sampel yang dalam kondisi jenuh dimasukkan dalam alat pengujian. Dari pengujian yang dilakukan pada pasir seragam dengan beberapa variasi ukuran butiran tanah diketahui bahwa saat beban siklik diberikan kenaikan tekanan air pori berbeda pada masing-masing ukuran butiran tanah. Perubahan tekanan air pori terbesar terjadi pada sampel pasir seragam berbutir halus yaitu tertahan pada saringan #100 dan #200 dengan perubahan sebesar 0,28 kg/cm2 dan 0,27 kg/cm2. Meningkatnya tekanan air pori tentu disertai dengan penurunan tegangan efektif tanah. Maka dapat diketahui bahwa sampel pasir seragam berbutir halus lebih berpotensi terjadinya likuifaksi yaitu sampel yang tertahan pada saringan #100 dengan pengurangan tegangan efektif 91,19% dan #200 dengan pengurangan tegangan efektif 89,66%. Sampel pasir seragam yang tertahan pada saringan #60 memiliki potensi likuifaksi yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan sampel yang berukuran lebih halus karena mengalami pengurangan tegangan efektif 58,47%, namun memiliki kecenderungan perubahan tekanan air pori yang cukup besar. Sampel pasir seragam yang tertahan pada saringan #20 dan #40, tidak memiliki potensi terhadap likuifaksi selama pengujian dilakukan. Tegangan efektif pada sampel ini berkurang sebesar 18,46% dan 32,31%.
ASSESSMENT OF THE SUCCESS OF MICRO GRAFTING CLEMENTINE TIMING ON SOUR ORANGE
Authors: Salman Omar N. , Al-Hayany A.M. Abd , Ibrahim Kadhim M. 
Published: August 2022

This study was carried out at three locations (Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture, Fields of the College of Agriculture, University of Diyala and one of the private nursery at the city of Baqubah. The applied experiments included two separate experiments on the scion Mandarin Clementine micro grafted on Sour orange rootstock. The first micro grafting experiment aimed to develop a method of vegetative propagation of Clementine and transferring the micro grafts from a laboratory to the field and comparing grafting dates (spring, early autumn, late autumn) with the laboratory grafting after treating grafting region with different concentrations of gibberellin (0, 0.3 or 0.4 mg. L-1). The effect of grafting dates on the percentages of success of grafted plants after one month of acclimatization. The experiment was carried out according to completely randomized design (CRD) as a factorial experiment with two factors and three replications for the first one, and as a single factor experiment with three replicates for the second experiment. Results showed a decline in the percentage of success of the grafting and a slight success correlated with increased gibberellin concentration in the aforementioned experiment at early fall grafting. A second field experiment, was conducted with the aim of studying the success of maintained micro propagated plants during summer season and the effect of foliar spray with salicylic acid (0, 200 or 400 mg. L-1) and marine algae extract (0, 5 or 10 g. L-1) on some characteristics of vegetative growth and some chemical characteristics. The experiment was carried out according to the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), as a factorial experiment with two factors and three replications. No significant effect for both factors was recorded in most vegetative characteristics, while chemical composition was significantly affected caused by the two factors.
EFFECT OF NPK AND ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON YIELD AND SEED OIL CONTENT OF RAPESEED (Brassica napus L.)
Authors: S. Shilan H. , Hama Shara J. 
Published: August 2022

This study was conducted at two different research fields (Kanipanka and Qlyasan), at the Kurdistan region of Iraq during winter season (2019- 2020) to investigate the effects of NPK and organic fertilizer application on seed yield and its components, protein, oil content, oil yield, and some fatty acid compositions. The experimental design was a complete block design with three replications. The application of (0.00, 40, 80, and 120 kg NPK ha-1) are the main plots. While three applications of (0.00, 600, 1200 kg organic fertilizer ha-1) for subplots. The 120 kg NPK ha-1 had highest seed and oil yield of 2474.178, and 793.249 kg ha-1, respectively, the average of both locations. The application of 1200 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 gave the maximum seed yield, the oil yield of 2172.642, and 719.463 kg ha-1, respectively, for the average of both locations. Results showed the significant effect of NPK and organic fertilizer applications on the percentage of oleic, linoleic, and stearic acids. The study was proved the significant and highest oil yield when NPK application rate increased from 40 to 120 kg ha-1 and from 600 to 1200 kg organic fertilizer ha-1.
Synergistic Integration of Machine Learning and Mathematical Optimization for Unit Commitment
Authors: WU JIANGHUA , Luh Peter , Chen Yonghong , Yan Bing , Bragin Mikhail 
Published: August 2022

<p> Unit Commitment (UC) is important for power system operations. With increasing challenges, e.g., growing intermittent renewables and intra-hour net load variability, traditional mathematical optimization could be time-consuming. Machine learning (ML) is a promising alternative. However, directly learning good solutions is difficult in view of the combinatorial nature of UC. This paper synergistically integrates ML within our recent decomposition and coordination method of Surrogate Lagrangian Relaxation to learn “good enough” subproblem solutions of deterministic UC. Compared to original UC, a subproblem is much easier to learn. Nevertheless, predicting good-enough subproblem solutions is still challenging because of the “jumps” of binary decisions and many types of constraints. To overcome these issues, subproblem dimensionality is reduced via aggregating multipliers. Multiplier distributions are novelly specified based on “jumps” for effective learning. Loss functions are innovatively designed to improve prediction qualities. Ordinal Optimization and branch-and-cut are used as a backup for unfamiliar cases. Furthermore, online self-learning is seamlessly integrated with offline learning to exploit solutions from daily operations. Results on the IEEE 118-bus system and the Polish 2383-bus system demonstrate that continual learning keeps on improving subproblem-solving process with near-optimality of the overall solutions maintained. Our method opens a new direction to solve complicated UC. </p>
GLCM Texture Feature Analysis of MRI-ADC Images to Differentiate Glioma Grades Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Vijithananda Sahan M. , Mohan L. Jayatilake Mohan , Gonçalves Teresa , Hewavithana Badra , Rato Luis , Weerakoon Bimali Sanjeevani , Kalupahana Tharindu , De Silva Anil , Dissanayake Karuna 
Published: August 2022

<p>All the data was obtained from the National Hospital of Sri Lanka (NHSL) and the Teaching Hospital Anuradhapura under the supervision of the Ethical Review Board of NHSL and the Faculty of Medicine, University of peradeniya. </p>
Fusion Weighted Sequential Three-Way Decision: A Model Revaluation Method for Online Monitoring and Robust Control of Drilling Stage
Authors: Sun Tao 
Published: August 2022

<p>Online monitoring and control of drilling stage can improve drilling quality and efficiency in laser drilling. The rapid development of machine learning technologies has facilitated online process monitoring toward a data-driven paradigm. However, the decision-making process of most of data-driven methods is binary decision, which would lead to excessive decision deviation and further cause large decision cost and low drilling quality. In this paper, a model revaluation method, called fusion weighted sequential three-way decision, is proposed. To solve the decision deviation caused by machine learning methods, the decision made by data-driven model is reevaluated based on the idea of sequential three-way decision and granular computing. And considering the characteristics of streaming decision and time-series in industrial process monitoring, a new decision-making mechanism, called forward aided three-way decision, is proposed. Unlike the traditional three-way decision, the prior information and previous decision results are used to assist the current decision of data-driven model in a weighted way instead of waiting for further information in this paper. Furthermore, a real case study of online monitoring and control of drilling stage have been conducted. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can flexibly combine with different machine learning method. And the decision deviation can be greatly reduced. The research provides a new perspective for online monitoring and robust control of industrial process. </p>