bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simple and effective: T90 codends improve size selectivity and catch efficiency compared with diamond-mesh codends for mantis shrimp (Oratosquilla oratoria) in demersal trawl fishery of the South China Sea
Authors: Yang Bingzhong , Herrmann Bent 
Published: September 2022

Size selectivity and catch efficiency of four codends were tested and compared for mantis shrimp (Oratosquilla oratoria) in demersal trawl fisheries of the South China Sea (SCS). These codends were differing in mesh shapes, diamond mesh (T0) and diamond-mesh turned 90° (T90) with mesh sizes of 30 and 35 mm, respectively. The results demonstrated that the T0 codend with a lower mesh size, 30 mm, presented poorer selective properties for the target species, while size selectivity would be significantly improved with the mesh size increasing to 35 mm, or substituting the T0 codend with the T90 codend. For the T90 codend with a larger mesh size, 35 mm, the size selectivity was the highest, whereas the loss of the legal individuals was also significantly considerable. Considering the trade-off between releasing undersized individuals and maintaining the legal ones, the T0 codend with 35-mm mesh size or the T90 codend with 30-mm mesh size might be a better choice to target mantis shrimp in demersal trawl fisheries of the SCS.
Modification of the eighth AJCC/UICC staging system for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: An alternative pathological staging system from cholangiocarcinoma-prevalent Northeast Thailand
Authors: Aphivatanasiri Chaiwat , Sa-Ngiamwibool Prakasit , Sangkhamanon Sakkarn , Intarawichian Piyapharom , Kunprom Waritta , Thanee Malinee , Prajumwongs Piya , Khuntikeo Narong , Titapun Attapol , Jareanrat Apiwat , Thanasukarn Vasin , Srisuk Tharatip , Luvira Vor , Eurboonyanun Kulyada , Promsorn Julaluck , Loilome Watcharin , Wee Aileen , Koonmee Supinda 
Published: September 2022

AimThis study aims to improve the classification performance of the eighth American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) by proposing the Khon Kaen University (KKU) staging system developed in cholangiocarcinoma-prevalent Northeast Thailand.MethodFour hundred eighty-eight patients with pCCA who underwent partial hepatectomy between 2002 and 2017 at the Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand, were included. Overall survival (OS) related to clinicopathological features was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Logrank test was performed in univariate analysis to compare OS data of clinicopathological features to determine risk factors for poor survival. Significant features were further analyzed by multivariate analysis (Cox regression) to identify prognostic factors which were then employed to modify the eighth AJCC staging system.ResultsMultivariate analysis showed that growth pattern (HR = 4.67–19.72, p &lt; 0.001), moderately and poorly differentiated histological grades (HR = 2.31–4.99, p &lt; 0.05 and 0.001, respectively), lymph node metastasis N1 and N2 (HR = 1.37 and 2.18, p &lt; 0.05 and 0.01, respectively), and distant metastasis (HR = 2.11, p &lt; 0.001) were independent factors when compared to their respective reference groups. There was a clear separation of patients with pCCA into KKU stage: I [OS = 116 months (mo.)], II (OS = 46 mo.), IIIA (OS = 24 mo.), IIIB (11 mo.), IVA (OS = 7 mo.), and IVB (OS = 6 mo.).ConclusionThe new staging system was based on the incorporation of growth patterns to modify the eighth AJCC staging system. The classification performance demonstrated that the KKU staging system was able to classify and distinctly separate patients with pCCA into those with good and poor outcomes. It was also able to improve the stratification performance and discriminative ability of different stages of pCCA classification better than the eighth AJCC staging system. Hence, the KKU staging system is proposed as an alternative model to augment the accuracy of survival prognostication and treatment performance for patients with pCCA.
Example for process validation in biobanking: Fit for purpose testing of a cryopreservation method without isopentane
Authors: Wieser Monika , Burger Stefanie , Ertl Reinhard , Kummer Stefan , Stargardt Melanie , Walter Ingrid 
Published: September 2022

Background: The freezing process of tissue samples is crucial for the preservation of morphological and molecular features. Several biobanking guidelines describe freezing techniques for optimal outcomes. As the Vetbiobank standard freezing protocol does not comply with those recommendations in detail, a process validation was performed to demonstrate that samples are suitable for downstream applications. Here we give a formal example of a process validation in the biobanking setting, as required by the biobanking guideline ISO 20387 (2018).Methods: Three different freezing protocols, freezing in liquid nitrogen, freezing via isopentane precooled on dry ice and freezing via liquid nitrogen vapor, were assessed based on morphological integrity of mouse liver and muscle tissue samples. Samples were either frozen in cryotubes (without Optimal Cutting Temperature compound, OCT) or in cryomolds (with OCT). The protocol providing the best results was validated for reproducibility and robustness in terms of defined acceptance criteria for morphological evaluability, A260/A280 ratio, and RNA integrity number values (RIN). In addition, performance tests were run by gene expression analyzes of selected, tissue specific biomarkers to confirm that processed samples are fit for purpose.Results: From the three applied freezing protocols, freezing in liquid nitrogen generated best results. Reproducibility acceptance criteria were met for both, morphological integrity and RNA quality. The freezing method was robust for the tested tissue types and the application of OCT, with exception of liver tissue, where it led to a significant decrease of the RIN value. Gene expression analyzes showed good comparability of results regardless of the applied freezing method.Conclusion: Freezing of tissue samples in liquid nitrogen provides samples of adequate quality for subsequent RNA investigations. A negative impact of OCT on the RIN value of liver samples was observed, which was independent from the applied freezing protocol and showed no impact on subsequent gene expression analysis.
The role of surgery in older patients with T1-2N0M0 small cell lung cancer: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Ning Jing , Ge Tao , Zhu Shuncang , Han Yingli , Ruan Suhong , Ma Yuchen , Liu Rentao 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundSurgical resection could improve the survival of patients with early-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, there is a lack of dedicated studies concentrating on surgical treatment in older patients with T1-2N0M0 SCLC. Thus, we performed this population-based study to investigate whether older patients with T1-2N0M0 SCLC could benefit from surgery.MethodsWe collected the data of patients with SCLC between 2000 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database. Older patients (≥ 65 years) with T1-2N0M0 SCLC were included, and we converted the staging information into those of the eighth edition. The propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance the distribution of clinical characteristics between surgery and no-surgery groups.ResultsBefore PSM, the distribution proportions of clinical characteristics in 1,229 patients were unbalanced. The Kaplan–Meier curves of overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) showed that the patients in the surgery group were better than those in the non-surgery group (all P &lt; 0.001). After 1:2 PSM, the distribution proportions of clinical characteristics in 683 patients were balanced (all P &gt; 0.05). The OS and CSS of patients in the surgery group were still better than that of patients in the no-surgery group (all P &lt; 0.001), and subgroup analysis showed that the surgery was a protective factor for OS and CSS in all clinical characteristics subgroups (almost P &lt; 0.001). The multivariate Cox analysis further confirmed this result (OS: HR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.27–0.39; P &lt; 0.001; CSS: HR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.23–0.36; P &lt; 0.001). The result of subgroup analysis based on age, T stage, and adjuvant therapy showed that surgery was related to better OS and CSS compared with non-surgery group (almost P &lt; 0.001) and that lobectomy exhibited the longer survival than sublobectomy. Age, sex, and race were the independent prognostic factors for OS in patients undergoing surgery, whereas only the factor of age affects the CSS in patients with surgery.ConclusionsOlder patients with T1-2N0M0 SCLC can benefit significantly from surgical treatment, and lobectomy provides better prognosis than sublobectomy.
Respiratory distress in small for gestational age infants based on local newborn curve prior to hospital discharge
Authors: Haksari Ekawaty Lutfia , Hakimi Mohammad , Ismail Djauhar 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundRespiratory distress in newborns, which may lead to risks of morbidity and death, is one of the reasons for a referral to the more advanced health facilities. Respiratory distress analysis in small for gestational age (SGA) infants remains controversial. SGA infants are a big problem for and burden the low-medium income countries. Frequentness of SGA infants varies, depending on birth weight curve used.ObjectiveTo identify the risks, complications, death induced by respiratory distress in SGA infants prior to hospital discharge.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on live- born infants at Sardjito Hospital. Singleton and gestational age 26–42 weeks were the inclusion criteria. The exclusion criteria included major congenital anomaly, chromosomal abnormalities, out-born infants admitted &gt;24 h, discharge against medical advice, and incomplete data. The samples were categorized into appropriate gestational age (AGA) and SGA by a local newborn curve. The samples were also classified as full-term (FT)-AGA, preterm (PT)-AGA, FT-SGA, and PT-SGA. Odds ratio (OR) was based on entire respiratory distress. Complications of respiratory distress analyzed were length of hospital stay, administration of oxygen, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP), and ventilator. Reverse Kaplan-Meier and Cumulative Mortality Incidence (CMI) were used to analyze respiratory distress-induced mortality. Stata 13 was used to analyze the data.ResultsThere were 12,490 infants eligible for the study, consisting of 9,396 FT-AGA infants, 2,003 PT-AGA infants, 771 FT-SGA infants, and 320 PT-SGA infants. Nine hundred and thirty-two infants developed respiratory distress. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed highest risk of respiratory distress in PT-SGA infants with OR 5.84 (4.28–7.99). The highest respiratory distress complications were found in PT- SGA with significant difference on length of hospital stay and IRR 2.62 (2.09–3.27). In addition, the highest use of mechanical ventilator was found in PT-SGA with significant difference. CPAP use was the highest in PT-AGA infants. There was no significant difference in oxygen administration among the groups. Respiratory distress-induced mortality analysis found the highest CMI in PT-SGA infants.ConclusionPT-SGA had the highest risk of respiratory distress with complications of length of hospital stay, and ventilator use. Mortality analysis discovered the highest CMI in PT-SGA infants. We should therefore be alert when dealing with PT-SGA infants.
Pharmacokinetic study of single and multiple oral administration of glutamine in healthy Beagles
Authors: Guo Fanxi , Liu Dongying , Zhou Yuqing , Yu Yuanqian , Xu Yidan , Zou Yuanpeng , Li Chongyang , Zhang Fengyichi , Yu Zugong 
Published: September 2022

Glutamine is an amino acid that is mainly used for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases in clinic, but there is a lack of such medicine in veterinary clinic, and its research in dogs has never been seen. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of single and multiple administration of glutamine (Gln) tablets in Beagles. Twenty-four healthy Beagles were randomly selected for the pharmacokinetic study of a single dose of low (120 mg/kg), medium (240 mg/kg), and high (360 mg/kg) Gln tablets. After 7 days of washout period, six Beagles in the medium group were selected for a multiple-dose pharmacokinetic study, 240 mg/kg twice a day for 7 days. The Gln concentration in plasma was determined by a validated UPLC-MS/MS method. The results of single oral administration of different doses of Gln tablets showed that Cmax, AUC0→t, AUC0→∝ had a certain linear relationship with the dosage. T-tests were performed for single and multiple administration of Tmax, Cmax, t1/2λz, AUC0→t, and AUC0→∝, and the results showed no significant differences (p &gt; 0.05). Therefore, Gln tablets were absorbed quickly by oral administration, and there was no accumulation in Beagles after 7 days of administration.
Cardiovascular safety of febuxostat and allopurinol in patients with gout: A meta-analysis
Authors: Guan Xudong , Zhang Shengzhao , Liu Jiayan , Wu Fengbo , Zhou Lingyan , Liu Ying , Su Na 
Published: September 2022

Background: Gout is a common disease and is usually treated with uric acid-lowering drugs (the most commonly used of which are febuxostat and allopurinol). However, the cardiovascular safety of febuxostat and allopurinol is still controversial. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the cardiovascular safety of the two drugs in patients with gout using one-stage and two-stage meta-analysis.Methods: PubMed, Embase, CBM, CNKI, WanFang, Central, and VIP were searched from inception to 30 January 2022. Randomized controlled trials which evaluated the cardiovascular safety of febuxostat or allopurinol for treating patients with gout were included. Based on the Kaplan–Meier curves of the two studies, individual patient data (IPD) were extracted and reconstructed. We used time-varying risk ratios (RRs) to summarize time-to-event outcomes, and the RRs of MACE incidence, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality were calculated by a multi-level flexible hazard regression model in 1-stage meta-analyses. p values were calculated using a log-rank test. At the same time, using the reconstructed IPD, we performed 2-stage meta-analyses to inform the quantitative estimates of time-specific relative risks at the six time points (1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 years) based on a random-effects model.Results: Two RCTs with 12,318 participants were included. In the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events between the two regimens, there was no significant difference [RR = 0.99 (95% CI, 0.89–1.11), p = 0.87]; at the same time, there was no significant difference in cardiovascular mortality [RR = 1.17 (95% CI, 0.98–1.40),p = 0.08] or all-cause mortality [RR = 1.03 (95% CI, 0.91–1.17),p = 0.62]. In terms of 2-stage meta-analyses, there was no significant difference in any outcomes at any time point (moderate-to low-certainty evidence).Conclusion: In patients without atherosclerotic disease, febuxostat likely has a similar cardiovascular profile to allopurinol. However, in patients with a history of cardiovascular disease, allopurinol treatment is associated with less cardiovascular mortality as compared with febuxostat.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#loginpage, identifier PROSPERO, CRD42022325656.
Recent progress on quantum frequency standards at BIRMM
Authors: Xue Xiaobo , Zhou Tiezhong , Wang Nuanrang , Zhang Shengkang , Ge Jun 
Published: September 2022

Quantum frequency standards are crucial for time measurement, satellite navigation, telecommunication, and other essential applications. Beijing Institute of Radio Metrology and Measurement (BIRMM) has been working on quantum frequency standards and their applications for tens of years. This paper introduces the latest progress on quantum frequency standards at BIRMM, including a calcium optical clock, an active hydrogen maser, and a mercury ion microwave clock. Based on the 1S0-3P1 transition of calcium atoms, a transportable optical clock prototype is built with a stability of 8 × 10–15 at 1 s. A compact active hydrogen maser has been developed for the Chinese space station. It will be used for scientific research such as examining Einstein’s theory of general relativity and has just been lunched. The preliminary frequency stability of the maser is 1.27 × 10–15 at 10000 s. Additionally, a prototype mercury ion microwave clock is developed using the hyperfine transition between 62S1/2, F = 0 and 62S1/2, F = 1. The trapped Hg+ ions are pumped by mercury discharge lamps and cooled by Helium gas. The measured clock transition linewidth is about 1 Hz, and frequency stability of 4 × 10–13 at 1 s and 4 × 10–14 at 1000 s is achieved.
The light-independent locomotion response to a static magnetic field in Xenopus tadpoles
Authors: Ren Jie , Mo Weichuan , Zhang Haitao , He Rongqiao , Wang Xiumei , Jiang Tao , Liu Ying 
Published: September 2022

Increasing numbers of behavioral observations have shown that many organisms can sense magnetic fields in the environment. However, the underlying mechanisms of magnetosensation remain elusive, and a major problem is the lack of an animal model convenient for detecting magnetic responses, especially in vertebrates. We have previously reported that the physical performance of mice decreased after 1 month of exposure to a hypomagnetic field, which probably includes a light-independent mechanism. In this study, we investigated the effects of a static magnetic field on the locomotion of Xenopus tadpoles (stage 48) using a real-time recording system. Because it is speculated that the photosensing system is related to magnetosensation, we triggered the tadpoles to swim by a 30 s light pulse after a 5 min adaptation in the dark and measured the swimming activities of the tadpoles under static magnetic field exposure in both the dark and bright conditions. Compared to the sham control treatment, the presence of a magnet inhibited the movement of the tadpoles under both bright and dark conditions, as shown by reductions in swimming distance, speed, and counts of path adjustment. Moreover, the directional preference for path adaptation was altered when swimming in the dark. These results suggest that tadpoles in the dark can exert a rapid locomotion response to changes in the environmental magnetic field, providing evidence for an intrinsic, light-independent rapid magnetoresponse pathway in tadpoles. In addition, this rapid vertebrate locomotion assay paradigm will be a practical tool to facilitate further investigation of the mechanisms of biomagnetic effects.
Meaning of life as a resource for coping with psychological crisis: Comparisons of suicidal and non-suicidal patients
Authors: Kalashnikova Olga , Leontiev Dmitry , Rasskazova Elena , Taranenko Olga 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMeaning is an important psychological resource both in situations of accomplishment and in situations of ongoing adversity and psychological crisis. Meaning in life underlies the reasons for staying alive both in everyday and in critical circumstances, fulfilling a buffering function with respect to life adversities.AimThe aim of the present study was to reveal the role of both meaningfulness, including specific sources of meaning and reasons for living, and meaninglessness (alienation) in patients suffering from profound crisis situations with or without suicidal intentions and behavior.MethodsThe sample included 148 patients (all Caucasian) who were referred to a crisis center in Moscow, Russia. Seventy-seven patients (54 females, mean age 32.00 ± 11.98 years) reported a current crisis situation in their life but denied suicidal thoughts or behavior. Twenty-nine patients (21 females, mean age 31.55 ± 13.76 years) reported suicidal ideations but denied suicidal attempts or self-harming behavior. Forty-two patients (31 females, mean age 30.64 ± 11.38 years) had episodes of suicidal attempts or self-harming behavior accompanied by suicidal intentions. There were no significant gender or age differences between groups.Participants completed a number of measures of different aspects of meaning and meaninglessness, well-being, ill-being and psychological resources. For some patients (N = 74), a clinical checklist was completed by their doctors assessing 28 various characteristics associated with the patient’s clinical status.Results and discussionMeaningfulness and reasons for living were more helpful in distinguishing between reactions to profound crisis situations (suicidal intentions versus non-suicidal behavior) than were measures of well-being, ill-being, meaning crisis or personality resources. In both suicidal and non-suicidal crisis patients meaningfulness predicted more positive reasons for living. The relationship between meaningfulness and most reasons for living remained significant after controlling for clinically appraised suicidal “readiness,” acute stress and lack of social support. Self-transcendence was the major specific source of meaning predicting higher reasons for living after adjusting for general meaningfulness.ConclusionThe data cast some light on the psychological meaning of suicide. It follows that prevention efforts are to be focused not on eliminating the factors “pushing” one to suicidal behavior, but rather on supporting inner strengths conducive of a positive decision,to be, through enhancing meaningfulness and reasons for living.
Analysis of the functionality of voice and video communication systems
Authors: Piątkowska Aleksandra 
Published: September 2022

The article contains a comparison of the functionality and qualitative verification of voice and video communication systems, through tests of voice message shift in time, at different data rates, tests of system use cases and the study of the popularity of applications in various environments and age groups, thanks to an electronic survey . The systems examined were: Microsoft Teams, Zoom, Signal, WhatsApp, Cisco Webex Meetings. The following hypothesis was made: Voice and video communication systems are very popular systems among users, and their functional capabilities are similar.
Performance comparison between selected chess engines
Authors: Sojka Maciej 
Published: September 2022

Selected chess engines were compared to each other in terms of performance, using Lucas Chess. The list of engines was cut into three categories, depending on strength in ELO points. The point of this study is to find the strongest and the lightest engines in each category. Then, each category was tested using three different starting positions. White, black and overall wins were highlighted. At the same time, data of CPU and RAM usage of each engine was collected. A script was developed to print CPU and RAM usage of a specific process. Maximum and average percent of used CPU thread and RAM were highlighted. Chess engines with most amount of wins were, from weakest to strongest: Bikjump, Rybka and Stockfish. Least amount of system resources was consumed by: Cinnamon, Demolito and Critter.