bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indications for involuntary hospitalization for refusal of treatment in severe anorexia nervosa: a survey of physicians and mental health care review board members in Japan
Authors: Takimoto Yoshiyuki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
When a patient with anorexia nervosa refuses treatment despite a physically critical condition, the therapist considers involuntary inpatient treatment under the Mental Health Law. However, ethical and practical problems arise from its application. In this study, a survey of treatment providers for eating disorders and psychiatric review board members was conducted regarding indications for involuntary hospitalization under the Mental Health Act for refusal of treatment for anorexia nervosa.

Methods
A survey of 212 physicians affiliated with the Japanese Society for Eating Disorders and 180 members of Mental Health Care Review Boards across Japan was conducted using six vignette cases of patients with anorexia nervosa refusing treatment.

Results
Regardless of the duration of illness or age of the patient, few physicians chose compulsory hospitalization with or without the consent of the family, while the largest number of physicians chose hospitalization for medical care and protection when there was family consent. Among committee members, only hospitalization for medical care and protection was determined to be appropriate when there was family consent. Both hospitalization for medical care and protection, and compulsory hospitalization were deemed appropriate in the absence of family consent. Committee members who adjudged refusal of treatment for anorexia nervosa as self-injurious behavior suggested that compulsory hospitalization was indicated.

Conclusions
When a patient with life-threatening anorexia nervosa refuses inpatient treatment, hospitalization for medical care and protection is actively chosen if the patient’s family consents. Mental Health Care Review Board members considered this acceptable. However, if the family does not consent, the physicians did not choose compulsory hospitalization, and the psychiatric review board was divided on this. Consensus was not achieved in this regard.
Developing and testing a robotic MRI/CT fusion biopsy technique using a purpose-built interventional phantom
Authors: Johnston Edward W. , Fotiadis Nicos , Cummings Craig , Basso Jodie , Tyne Toby , Lameijer Joost , Messiou Christina , Koh Dow-Mu , Winfield Jessica M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to target tumour components in biopsy procedures, while the ability to precisely correlate histology and MRI signal is crucial for imaging biomarker validation. Robotic MRI/computed tomography (CT) fusion biopsy offers the potential for this without in-gantry biopsy, although requires development.

Methods
Test–retest T1 and T2 relaxation times, attenuation (Hounsfield units, HU), and biopsy core quality were prospectively assessed (January–December 2021) in a range of gelatin, agar, and mixed gelatin/agar solutions of differing concentrations on days 1 and 8 after manufacture. Suitable materials were chosen, and four biopsy phantoms were constructed with twelve spherical 1–3-cm diameter targets visible on MRI, but not on CT. A technical pipeline was developed, and intraoperator and interoperator reliability was tested in four operators performing a total of 96 biopsies. Statistical analysis included T1, T2, and HU repeatability using Bland–Altman analysis, Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), and intraoperator and interoperator reliability.

Results
T1, T2, and HU repeatability had 95% limits-of-agreement of 8.3%, 3.4%, and 17.9%, respectively. The phantom was highly reproducible, with DSC of 0.93 versus 0.92 for scanning the same or two different phantoms, respectively. Hit rate was 100% (96/96 targets), and all operators performed robotic biopsies using a single volumetric acquisition. The fastest procedure time was 32 min for all 12 targets.

Conclusions
A reproducible biopsy phantom was developed, validated, and used to test robotic MRI/CT-fusion biopsy. The technique was highly accurate, reliable, and achievable in clinically acceptable timescales meaning it is suitable for clinical application.
Examining and enhancing the reliability of the Arabic version of the Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire
Authors: Alyami Mohsen , Krägeloh Christian U. , Al-Amri Lma , Henning Marcus A. , Alyami Hussain , Alghamdi Dalal , Almutari Reuoof , Medvedev Oleg N. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Clinical perfectionism has been implicated among risks for developing depression, anxiety, and eating disorders. This study aimed to translate the widely used Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire (CPQ) into Arabic and examine its psychometric properties. A general population sample of 1598 Saudi adults completed an online survey. Respondents were randomly selected to create two separate samples of n = 400 each, thus meeting the sample size recommendations for Rasch analysis. We applied the partial credit Rasch model to one independent sample to investigate and improve the psychometric characteristics of the scale and replicated our findings with another independent sample of the equal size.

Results
Minor modifications were required to address local dependency issues and resulted in a good fit of the Arabic CPQ to the unidimensional Rasch model in both samples. The scale demonstrated unidimensionality, invariance across personal factors, and good reliability (PSI = 0.78). As expected, the scale scores were positively associated with depression, anxiety, and disordered eating behaviors.

Conclusions
Overall, the Arabic CPQ demonstrated robust psychometric properties after minor modifications that did not change the original scale format. The utility and accuracy of the Arabic CPQ can be enhanced by converting ordinal scores into interval scale scores using conversion tables presented in this paper.
Measurement feedback system implementation in public youth mental health treatment services: a mixed methods analysis
Authors: Sichel Corianna E. , Connors Elizabeth H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Prior studies indicate the effectiveness of measurement-based care (MBC), an evidence-based practice, in improving and accelerating positive outcomes for youth receiving behavioral health services. MBC is the routine collection and use of client-reported progress measures to inform shared decision-making and collaborative treatment adjustments and is a relatively feasible and scalable clinical practice, particularly well-suited for under-resourced community mental health settings. However, uptake of MBC remains low, so information on determinants related to MBC practice patterns is needed.

Methods
Quantitative and qualitative data from N = 80 clinicians who implemented MBC using a measurement feedback system (MFS) were merged to understand and describe determinants of practice over three study phases. Quantitative, latent class analysis identified clinician groups based on participants’ ratings of MFS acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility and describes similarities/differences between classes in clinician-level characteristics (e.g., age; perceptions of implementation climate; reported MFS use; phase I). Qualitative analyses of clinicians’ responses to open-ended questions about their MFS use and feedback about the MFS and implementation supports were conducted separately to understand multi-level barriers and facilitators to MFS implementation (phase II). Mixing occurred during interpretation, examining clinician experiences and opinions across groups to understand the needs of different classes of clinicians, describe class differences, and inform selection of implementation strategies in future research (phase III).

Results
We identified two classes of clinicians: “Higher MFS” and “Lower MFS,” and found similarities and differences in MFS use across groups. Compared to Lower MFS participants, clinicians in the Higher MFS group reported facilitators at a higher rate. Four determinants of practice were associated with the uptake of MBC and MFS in youth-serving community mental health settings for all clinicians: clarity, appropriateness, and feasibility of the MFS and its measures; clinician knowledge and skills; client preferences and behaviors; and incentives and resources (e.g., time; continuing educational support). Findings also highlighted the need for individual-level implementation strategies to target clinician needs, skills, and perceptions for future MBC and MFS implementation efforts.

Conclusion
This study has implications for the adoption of evidence-based practices, such as MBC, in the context of community-based mental health services for youth.
End-of-Life Care for Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma in the Era of Oral Anticancer Therapy
Authors: Dzimitrowicz Hannah E. , Wilson Lauren E. , Jackson Bradford E. , Spees Lisa P. , Baggett Christopher D. , Greiner Melissa A. , Kaye Deborah R. , Zhang Tian , George Daniel , Scales Charles D. , Pritchard Jessica E. , Leapman Michael S. , Gross Cary P. , Dinan Michaela A. , Wheeler Stephanie B. 
Published: November 2022

PURPOSE: New therapies including oral anticancer agents (OAAs) have improved outcomes for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). However, little is known about the quality of end-of-life (EOL) care and systemic therapy use at EOL in patients receiving OAAs or with mRCC. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed EOL care for decedents with mRCC in two parallel cohorts: (1) patients (RCC diagnosed 2004-2015) from the University of North Carolina's Cancer Information and Population Health Resource (CIPHR) and (2) patients (diagnosed 2007-2015) from SEER-Medicare. We assessed hospice use in the last 30 days of life and existing measures of poor-quality EOL care: systemic therapy, hospital admission, intensive care unit admission, and > 1 ED visit in the last 30 days of life; hospice initiation in the last 3 days of life; and in-hospital death. Associations between OAA use, patient and provider characteristics, and EOL care were examined using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: We identified 410 decedents in the CIPHR cohort (53.4% received OAA) and 1,508 in SEER-Medicare (43.5% received OAA). Prior OAA use was associated with increased systemic therapy in the last 30 days of life in both cohorts (CIPHR: 26.5% v 11.0%; P < .001; SEER-Medicare: 23.4% v 11.7%; P < .001), increased in-hospital death in CIPHR, and increased hospice in the last 30 days in SEER-Medicare. Older patients were less likely to receive systemic therapy or be admitted in the last 30 days or die in hospital. CONCLUSION: Patients with mRCC who received OAAs and younger patients experienced more aggressive EOL care, suggesting opportunities to optimize high-quality EOL care in these groups.
Effects of high tibial osteotomy combined with arthroscopy on local inflammation degree and gait activity index in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Li Qinghan , Wang Haitao , Wang Dalin 
Published: November 2022

Objective: To analyze the effects of high tibial osteotomy (HTO) combined with arthroscopy on the degree of inflammation and the gait activity indexes of patients with medial knee osteoarthritis.
Methods: We collected the records of 112 patients with medial knee osteoarthritis treated in the Department of Orthopedics of our hospital from June 2019 to June 2021. We divided the data into two groups: the control group included those of 54 patients who had received simple HTO and the observation group included those of 58 patients who had undergone HTO combined with arthroscopy. We assessed clinical efficacies, degrees of inflammation and gait activity indexes of the two groups to compare treatment outcomes.
Results: The percentage of excellent and good outcomes in the observation group (89.66%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (66.67%; p < 0.05). One year after the operation, the serum and synovial fluid levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the double support phase was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group, while the step length, speed and frequency were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: HTO combined with Arthroscopy in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis improves the curative effect and the degree of inflammation, and it promotes the recovery of gait activity indices.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6846
How to cite this: Li Q, Wang H, Wang D. Effects of high tibial osteotomy combined with arthroscopy on local inflammation degree and gait activity index in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6846
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ENISA: 5G design and architecture of global mobile networks; threats, risks, vulnerabilities; cybersecurity considerations
Authors: Paskauskas R. Andrew 
Published: November 2022

Abstract —The literature on 5G design and architecture numbers in the hundreds of thousands, which makes analyzing this vast corpus of technical knowledge impossible within the scope of a single article. A rigorous literature scan has revealed investigations of various specific 5G components, or specific aspects of 5G design, architecture, or security, but none that are comprehensive in scope, encompassing all of the aforementioned categories, or that take into account the associated vulnerabilities, threats and risks to the basic 5G infrastructure. In this sense the 5G framework advocated by The European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) in its comprehensive report is singular in relation to the extensive literature associated with the 5G domain and the fragmented character of scientific reporting related to 5G technology. It is the purpose of this article to go beyond the existing literature and examine in depth the details of the ENISA 5G Threat Landscape Report and reveal ENISA’s painstaking efforts to stand out among other leading-edge players in the 5G arena and achieve its strategic aims of integrating cybersecurity considerations with threats, risks, and vulnerabilities into an architecture of 5G right from the start of the design and development process. In formulating such a framework, ENISA has set the stage for standardization of cybersecurity considerations in relation to 5G design and architecture that may be considered a first approximation towards best practice in the field. ENISA’s role in the European Union as a leader in setting the pace of development of 5G networks is acknowledged in EU’s legislation and its directives. Significantly, its strategic direction targets future implementations of 5G networks by vendors, operators, and practitioners. This should equip EU with the necessary resilience to withstand hybrid threat onslaughts on its Pan-European network, a topic to be dealt with in full in a follow-on paper.
Short wavelength operation of a 10 m perimeter ring laser gyroscope
Authors: Zou Dian , Thirkettle Robert J. , Schreiber K. Ulrich , Wells Jon-Paul R. 
Published: November 2022

We report on the operation of a 10 m perimeter, helium–neon based ring laser gyroscope on the

3

s
2

→
2

p
6

(611.8 nm) and

3

s
2

→
2

p

10

(543.4 nm) transitions of neon. Cavity

Q

factors of

1.5
×

10

12

and

3.8
×

10

11

are obtained for 611.8 and 543.4 nm operation, inferred from measured ring-down times of 485 and 110 μs, respectively. For Sagnac frequencies, due to Earth rotation, of 205.14 and 230.96 Hz, minimum resolvable rotation rates of 80 and 226 prad/s are achieved for integration times of around 100 s. While environment limited performance is achieved for operation at 611.8 nm, it is found that a restrictive gas pressure regime must be utilized for the 543.4 nm lasing wavelength. As a consequence, the output photon count is low, which limits its intrinsic sensitivity for rotation rate measurements.
RNAi-mediated knockdown of arginine kinase genes leads to high mortality and negatively affect reproduction and blood-feeding behavior of Culex pipiens pallens
Authors: Qian Kun , Guan Qingqing , Zhang Haoyu , Zhang Nan , Meng Xiangkun , Liu Hongxia , Wang Jianjun 
Published: November 2022

Background
Arginine kinase (AK) is one of the crucial enzymes involved in energy metabolism in invertebrates, and has been proposed as the target for RNA interference (RNAi)-based control of agricultural insect pests. While there is only one AK gene in most insects, two AK genes were identified in Culex pipiens pallens, the primary vector of lymphatic filariasis and epidemic encephalitis.

Methods
The full-length cDNA sequences of CpAK1 and CpAK2 genes were obtained by reverse transcription PCR(RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The expression levels of CpAK1 and CpAK2 in different developmental stages and tissues were detected by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The role of CpAK1 and CpAK2 in the reproduction and blood feeding behavior was analyzed using RNA interference (RNAi).

Results
Full-length cDNAs of CpAK1 and CpAK2 were isolated from Cx. pipiens pallens. Analysis of the expression pattern revealed that the mRNA level of CpAK1 was significantly higher than CpAK2 in all development stages and tissues examined, and the expressions of both CpAK1 and CpAK2 were upregulated in response to blood feeding. The co-knockdown of CpAK1 and CpAK2 mediated by RNAi led to high mortality (74.3%) of adult female mosquitoes and decreased hatchability (59.9%). Remarkably, the blood feeding rate and the engorgement rate of the female mosquitoes were negatively affected by co-injection of dsRNAs targeting CpAK1 and CpAK2.

Conclusion
CpAK1 and CpAK2 were detected in all developmental stages and tissues, but showed divergence in expression level. RNAi-mediated knockdown of AK genes leads to high mortality and negatively affect blood-feeding behavior of Cx. pipiens pallens, suggesting that AK could be used for the target of RNAi-based mosquito control in the future.
Prolonged inhibition of bladder function is evoked by low‐amplitude electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve in urethane‐anesthetized rats
Authors: Moazzam Zainab , Yoo Paul B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo better understand the effects of saphenous nerve (SN) stimulation on bladder function, we investigated the duration of electrical stimulation as a key variable in eliciting urodynamic changes. SN stimulation is a novel approach to electrically modulating bladder function. In previous animal studies, bladder‐inhibitory responses were evoked by low‐amplitude (25 μA) stimulus pulses applied in short‐duration (10 min) trials and at frequencies between 10 and 20 Hz. Experiments were performed in urethane‐anesthetized rats that were separated into three groups: intravesical saline infusion + SN stimulation (group A), intravesical 0.1% acetic acid infusion + SN stimulation (group B), and intravesical saline infusion + no SN stimulation (group C). Changes in bladder function— basal bladder pressure (P base), contraction amplitude (ΔP), and inter‐contraction interval (T ICI)—were measured in response to stimulation trials applied for different durations (10, 20, and 40 min). Trials were also repeated at frequencies of 10 and 20 Hz. In group A, longer‐duration (40 min) stimulation trials applied at 10 Hz evoked overflow incontinence (OI) episodes that were characterized by significant changes in P base (122.7 ± 9.1%, p = 0.026), ΔP (−60.8 ± 12.8%, p = 0.044), and T ICI (−43.2 ± 13.0%, p = 0.031). Stimulation‐evoked OI was observed in 5 of 8 animals and lasted for 56.5 ± 10.7 min. In contrast, no significant changes in bladder function were observed in either group B or group C. Our findings show that longer‐duration trials consisting of electrical pulses applied at 10 Hz are important stimulation parameters that elicit inhibitory bladder responses in anesthetized rodents.
An investigation of the factors controlling the chemical structures of lignin dehydrogenation polymers
Authors: Tokunaga Yuki , Watanabe Takashi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Dehydrogenation polymer (DHP) is widely used as a model polymer of lignin. The chemical structure of DHP is highly affected by the synthesis conditions; however, the factors affecting DHP structure are not comprehensively understood. In this study, guaiacyl DHPs were synthesized to investigate the effects of reaction scale, pH, polymerization-enzyme activity, reaction media containing organic solvent, and differences between Zutropf (ZT) and Zulauf (ZL) modes on DHP properties. The DHPs were structurally characterized by size exclusion chromatography, 1H-13C HSQC NMR, and thioacidolysis with and without Raney nickel desulfuration. In ZT mode, smaller reaction scale significantly increased β-O-4 content, and β-O-4 formation was negatively correlated with the dose of polymerization-enzyme, horseradish peroxidase. Acidic condition (pH 4.0) in succinate buffer also increased the β-O-4 content of the DHP, although the α position of the DHP was acylated by the incorporation of succinic acid. DHPs prepared at pH 9.0 had high β-1 contents and low β-5 contents, while the reaction in 20% 1,4-dioxane markedly increased the molecular weight of the DHP. A systematic approach controlling the molecular structure of DHPs would increase their value as models for native and isolated lignins.
Fusion systems realizing certain Todd modules
Authors: Oliver Bob 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We study a certain family of simple fusion systems over finite 3-groups, ones that involve Todd modules of the Mathieu groups

2
⁢

M
12

2M_{12}

,

M
11

M_{11}

, and

A
6

=

O
2

⁢

(

M
10

)

A_{6}=O^{2}(M_{10})

over

F
3

\mathbb{F}_{3}

, and show that they are all isomorphic to the 3-fusion systems of almost simple groups.
As one consequence, we give new 3-local characterizations of Conway’s sporadic simple groups.
Production of 68Ge, 68Ga, 67Ga, 65Zn, and 64Cu important radionuclides for medical applications: theoretical model predictions for α-particles with 66Zn at ≈10–40 MeV
Authors: Amanuel Kifle F. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Theoretical predictions were made using TALYS-1.95(G) and EMPIRE 3.2 reaction-model codes for 69Ge, 67Ge, and medically used 68Ge, 67Ga, 68Ga, 65Zn, 64Cu radionuclides produced in the interaction of α-projectile with 66Zn-target at 10–40 MeV α-energies. Pearson’s statistical coefficients showed moderate to strong positive correlations between the theoretically predicted and experimentally measured production cross sections for radionuclides with practical medical applications. Furthermore, the present results indicated that a medium-sized cyclotron and a single α + 66Zn system (projectile + target system) might be an option for optimized production of 68Ge, 68Ga, 67Ga, 65Zn, and 64Cu radionuclides.