bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-modality Treatment Approach for Paediatric AVMs with Quality-of-Life Outcome Measures
Authors: Aziz Natasha , Duddy John C. , Saeed Danial , Hennigan Dawn , Israni Anil , Puthuran Mani , Chandran Arun , Mallucci Conor 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
PurposeDespite the potentially devastating and permanently disabling effects of paediatric arteriovenous malformations (pAVMs) there is a paucity of studies reporting long-term Quality-of-Life (QoL) outcomes in AVM patients. We aim to evaluate the management strategies for paediatric intracranial pAVMs in the UK and long-term QoL outcomes using a validated paediatric quality-of-life outcome measure. MethodsIn this single-centre case-series, we retrospectively reviewed a prospectively maintained database of all paediatric patients (i.e. 0-18 years-old) with intracranial AVMs, who were managed at Alder Hey Children’s Hospital from July 2007 to December 2021. We also collected the PedsQL 4.0 Score for these patients as a measure of QoL. Results52 AVMs were included in our analysis. 40 (80%) were ruptured, 8 (16%) required emergency intervention, 17 (35%) required elective surgery, 15 (30%) underwent endovascular embolisation and 15 (30%) patients underwent stereotactic radiosurgery. There was an 88% overall obliteration rate. 2 (4%) pAVMs rebled and there were no mortalities. Overall, the mean time from diagnosis to definitive treatment was 144 days (median 119; range 0 – 586). QoL outcomes were collected for 26 (51%) patients. Ruptured pAVM presentation was associated with worse QoL (p=0.0008). Location impacted psychosocial scores significantly (71.4, 56.9, 46.6 for right supratentorial, left supratentorial and infratentorial, respectively; p = 0.04). ConclusionThis study shows a staged multi-modality treatment approach to pAVMs is safe and effective, with superior obliteration rates with surgery alone. QoL scores are impacted by AVM presentation and location regardless of treatment modality.
N-Acetyl Serotonin Provides Neuroprotective Effects by Inhibiting Ferroptosis in the Neonatal Rat Hippocampus Following Hypoxic Brain Injury
Authors: Yang Xiaomei , Yang Yue , Gao Feng , Lu Kangping , Wang Chunling 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) encephalopathy is the main cause of infant brain damage, perinatal death, and chronic neonatal disability worldwide. Ferroptosis is a new form of cell death that is closely related to hypoxia-induced brain damage. N-acetyl serotonin (NAS) exerts neuroprotective effects, but its effects and underlying mechanisms in hypoxia-induced brain damage remain unclear. In the present study, 5-day-old neonatal Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed to hypoxia for 7 days to establish a hypoxia model. Histochemical staining was used to measure the effects of hypoxia on the rat hippocampus. The hippocampal tissue in the hypoxia group showed significant atrophy. Hypoxia significantly increased the levels of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and the iron metabolism-related protein transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) and decreased the levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). These changes resulted in mitochondrial damage, causing neuronal ferroptosis in the hippocampus. More importantly, NAS may improve mitochondrial function and alleviate downstream ferroptosis and damage to the hippocampus following hypoxia. In conclusion, we found that NAS could suppress neuronal ferroptosis in the hippocampus following hypoxic brain injury. These discoveries highlight the potential use of NAS as a treatment for neuronal damage through the suppression of ferroptosis, suggesting new treatment strategies for hypoxia-induced brain damage.
Examination of Plasmodium parasites in bone marrow puncture fluid for the diagnosis of imported-malaria in patients from the Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Huang Ying , Wu Yan , Dong Ying , He Hua , Liang Guiliang , Xu Jun , Luo Yun , Li Yang , Zhang Yanling , Huang Hongli 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
China has been certified as a malaria-free country by World Health Organization (WHO) in June 2021, the pressure of continuously preventing the dissemination from imported-malaria urgently calls for timely monitoring and effective management the malaria cases. To compensate for the risk of missed diagnosis of malaria using peripheral blood examination alone, medical institutions in Yunnan Province launched bone marrow puncture examination to confirm Plasmodium infection more accurately.
Methods
Patients with a recent history of travelling to malaria-endemic areas outside of China, who were excluded from microbial infections such as tuberculosis and exhibited persistent abnormalities, including hepatosplenomegaly and decreased platelet pressure and the negative for Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) antigen in the peripheral blood, were enrolled in the study. The cases ware conducted the bone marrow aspirate from anterior superior iliac spine to screen for Plasmodium infection in bone marrow fluid. Then the pLDH genes of the Plasmodium isolates from cases ware amplified by nested PCR. The amplification products were sequenced, and the B-cell epitopes and the oligomeric spatial structures of the pLDH peptide chains were analyzed.
Results
Five patients found Plasmodium infection in bone marrow fluid were included in the study, which included four patients with Plasmodium negative and one patient with Plasmodium falciparum positive in peripheral blood. Two pLDH negative cases in peripheral blood were confirmed as Plasmodium vivax infection, with the proportion of ring stage, large trophozoites, schizonts, and stage III-V gametocytes reaching 28.3%, 38.3%, 4.8%, 11.5%, 16.5% and 0.8%, respectively. The erythrocyte count and hemoglobin concentration of the five cases post-treatment merely increased to the lower end of the normal range. Platelet count returned to the normal range, increasing by 466%, 378%, 252%, 168% and 35%, respectively. There were four to five B-cell antigenic determinants along pLDH peptide chains of the infected strains in the five cases. Of them, the four sequences of 63th ~ 70th aa, 86th ~ 96th aa, 198th ~ 207th aa, 287th ~ 295th were commonly found on pLDH peptide chains from Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium malariea strains. Of note, the sequence of “211-EEVEGIFDR-220" was only detected in Plasmodium vivax strain, whereas the sequence of “207-LISDAE-213” was unique for Plasmodium falciparum strain. The spatial location of both two sequences was proximal to the “fusion region" of antigenic epitopes on the surface of pLDH tetramer.
Conclusion
Examination of the Plasmodium in bone marrow puncture fluid could make up for the missed diagnosis of malaria that solely relies on peripheral blood.
Mechanistic insight into the aggregation pathway of an immunoglobulin light chain protein
Authors: Reif Bernd , Pradhan Tejaswini , Sarkar Riddhiman , Schwierz Nadine , Zacharias Martin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Systemic antibody light chains (AL) amyloidosis is characterized by deposition of amyloid fibrils derived from a particular antibody light chain protein. In addition, soluble oligomeric AL protein has a direct cytotoxic effect on cardiomyocytes prior to organ malfunction and amyloid formation. The structure of these oligomers and the mechanism of toxicity is, however, not understood. Using solution-state NMR spectroscopy, we are able to follow the individual steps involved in protein misfolding from the native state to the amyloid fibril structure at atomic resolution for the first time. We show that unfavorable mutations in the complementary determining regions introduce a strain in the protein structure which induces partial unfolding of the native state. Subsequently, the protein converts into a high molecular weight molten globule like structure. We demonstrate that this transition is driven by electrostatic interactions. The high local concentration of aggregation prone regions in the oligomer finally catalyzes the conversion into amyloid fibrils. We find that the topology of the aggregated state is determined by balanced electrostatic interactions in the core of the fibril, resulting in an anti-parallel arrangement of the beta-sheets around the conserved disulfide bond.
Identifying and prioritizing Sediment-prone areas at the sub-basin level of Tekeze watershed, Ethiopia
Authors: Hailu Melese Baye , Mishra S.K , K.Jain Sanjay , Singh Vijay P. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Soil erosion is a serious concern around the world because of its detrimental effect on agricultural productivity and reservoir storage capacity, which is mostly caused by improper land management. Effective land management entails expensive soil conservation measures which are not affordable in developing countries, especially in large watersheds. Thus, identifying the most vulnerable areas for sediment yield and executing remedial measures for those areas is critical to lower costs and maintain effectiveness. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is one of the commonly used models to identify weak zones for erosion from smaller units (hydrologic response units). In this study, the watershed of Tekeze was divided into 34 subbasins and 158 hydrologic response units, and the areas most vulnerable for sediment production were identified using the SWAT model. The model was evaluated using SWAT-CUP SUFI 2 algorithms by comparing predicted streamflow and sediment yield in the Tekeze basin with observed values. For streamflow, R2 = 0.76, 0.85, NS = 0.76, 0.69, PBIAS=-8.1, 13.4, and for sediment, R2 = 0.8, 0.66, NS =0.8, 0.62, PBIAS=-4.1, 4.1 for calibration and validation, respectively. Results showed a large variation in sediment yield from one subbasin to the other. Out of 34 subbasins, four had a very high sediment yield (21 to 39 t/ha/yr), two had high (16 to 20 t/ha/yr), one had medium (11 to 15 t/ha/yr), four had low (6 to 10 t/ha/yr) and the rest had a very low sediment yield (0 to 5 t/ha/yr). One subbasin had quite a high SDR(> 0.45), and the other three had a high SDR (0.45-0.32). The overall result sediment delivery ratio indicated that subbasins 1, 3, 5, 14, 17, and 28 required great attention.
Ribosomal protein RPL5 regulates colon cancer cell proliferation and migration through MAPK/ERK signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Huahua , Liu Junli , Dang Qingqing , Wang Xueru , Chen Jie , Lin Xiaoyin , Yang Na , Du Juan , Shi Haiyan , Liu Yong , Han Jiming 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Abnormal expression of ribosomal proteins has an important regulatory effect on the progression of cancer. RPL5 is involved in the progression of various malignancies, however, the role of RPL5 in colon cancer remains is still unclear. Methods: Data from TCGA and GTEx databases were used to analyze the RPL5 expression in pan-cancer. The expression level of RPL5 in clinical colon cancer tissue samples and human colon cancer cell lines was detected by western blotting; siRNA targeting RPL5 was designed, and its interference efficiency was verified by western blotting and RT-qPCR; CCK8 assay, clone formation assay, cell cycle assay, and cell scratch assay were used to observe the effect of RPL5 on colon cancer cell proliferation and migration; the changes of proteins related to MAPK/ERK signaling pathway were also detected using western blotting. Results: The expression level of RPL5 in colon cancer tissues and cell lines was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues and NCM460 cells, respectively, and its expression level was higher in HCT116 cells and RKO cells. Knockdown of RPL5 significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCT16 and RKO cells, and arrested the cell cycle in G0/G1 phase. Mechanistic studies revealed that the expression of p-MEK1/2, p-ERK, c-Myc were down-regulated, and the expression of FOXO3 was up-regulated after down-regulation of RPL5, ERK activator (TBHQ) could partially reverse the above-mentioned effects caused by siRPL5. Moreover, TBHQ could partially reverse the inhibitory effect of siRPL5 on the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells. Collectively, RPL5 promoted colon cell proliferation and migration, at least in part, by activating the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.Conclusion: RPL5 promoted colon cell proliferation and migration, at least in part, by activating the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, which may serve as a novel therapeutic target for cancers in which MAPK/ERK signaling is a dominant feature.
(liquid + liquid) equilibrium experiment and thermodynamic modeling of water + o-cresol + solvents (Mesityl oxide or n-Propyl acetate) at 303.2, 313.2, and 323.2 K under 101.3 kPa
Authors: Cao Tianyi , Guo Hongyue , Wang Yuxin , Cao Jingwei , Li Qingsong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this work, the liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) data of the ternary mixtures of water + o-cresol + solvents (mesityl oxide or n-propyl acetate) were measured at 303.2, 313.2, and 323.2 K under 101.3 kPa. The distribution coefficients (D) and separation factors (S) were used to evaluate the effect of extracting o-Cresol from water and the high D and S values indicated that the two solvents are promising. At the same time, the NRTL and UNIQUAC models were used to correlate experimental data, and obtain regression parameters with the root mean square (RMSD) values less than 0.50%. In addition, the GUI-MATLAB tool was used to verify the good reliability of the regression parameters.
Characterization and complete genome sequence analysis of a novel phage RPZH3 infecting Ralstonia solanacearum
Authors: Lin Zhijian , Gu Gang , CHEN Changjiang , Zhou Ting , HU Fangping , Cai Xueqing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
RPZH3, a member of Bcep22-like virus subfamily of the family Podoviridae，that lyses Ralstonia solanacearum, was isolated from the soil of tobacco field via a double agar overlay plaque assay. The phage has an icosahedron head of 75 ± 5 nm in diameter with a short tail of 15 ± 5 nm in length and shows up as a typical podovirus. In our experiment, phage RPZH3 could infect 18 of the 30 tested strains of Ralstonia solanacearum isolated from tobacco, sweet potato, tomato, pepper and eggplant. The infection cycle of phage was 140 min with a burst size of about 27 pfu/cfu, and could keep stable at pH 4 -12 and 45°C - 60°C. Genomic analysis revealed that the complete genome of RPZH3 contain 65,958 bp in length with a GC content of 64.93% and contained 93 open reading frames (ORFs) and a tRNA for cysteine. Also found that the phage RPZH3 had considerable similarity to phage GP4, but the whole genome length of the former was longer than that of the latter by about 4829 bp, and the GC content of the former also was higher than that of the latter by about 0.93%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that RPZH3 should be a member of Bcep22-like virus subfamily belonging to family Podoviridae.
The role of the Genetic Counsellor in the multidisciplinary team: the perception of geneticists in Europe
Authors: Catapano Francesca ,   Mohamed El Hachmi1, Ketterer-Heng Natacha , Renieri Alessandra , Mari Francesca , Morris Michael , Cordier Christophe 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Purpose – Genetics has begun to be considered a key medical discipline which can have an impact on everyday clinical practice. Therefore, it is necessary to understand what the most effective way is of caring for people affected by or at risk of genetic disorders. In this context, the team dealing with such patients has evolved with the emergence of the Genetic Counsellor figure. The profession of Genetic Counsellor appeared in Europe in 1980, but it is still a much-debated profession and not yet recognized in all European countries. Aim – The aim of this research is to investigate both how a team should be composed in the care of patients affected by or at risk of genetic disorders and what the role of the Genetic Counsellor should be – the field of action and the competences. Design – The research has been carried out at the European level, submitting an online questionnaire to geneticists who, having the ultimate responsibility for the diagnosis and being in the field for the longest time, expressing their opinion, can identify strengths and potential areas for improvement in genetic care. Results – 200 responses were collected from all over Europe. This led to awareness of the importance of the role of the counsellor within the medical genetics multidisciplinary team, and, above all, what the counsellor’s skills and qualifications should be – for geneticists. Although this new profession has difficulties in being recognized in some countries, it seems clear that these highly competent professionals are essential for in-patient care and in the multidisciplinary team.
Multiple Measurement Analysis of Resting-State fMRI for ADHD Classification in Adolescent Brain from the ABCD Study
Authors: Lu Hui , Wang Zhaobin , Zhou Xiaocheng , Gui Yuanyuan , Liu Manhua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in school-aged children. Its accurate diagnosis looks after patients’ interests well with effective treatment, which is important to them and their family. Studies have investigated the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) to characterize the abnormal brain function by computing the voxel-wise measures and Pearson’s correlation (PC)-based functional connectivity (FC) for ADHD diagnosis. It is still a challenging problem to explore the powerful measures of rsfMRI to improve ADHD diagnosis. To this end, this paper proposes an automated ADHD classification framework by fusion of multiple measures of rsfMRI in adolescent brain. First, we extract the voxel-wise measures and ROI-wise time series from the brain regions of rsfMRI after preprocessing. Then, to extract the multiple functional connectivities, we compute the PC-derived FCs including the topographical information-based HOFC (tHOFC) and dynamics-based HOFC (dHOFC), as well as the sparse representation (SR)-derived FCs including the group SR (GSR), strength and similarity guided GSR (SSGSR) and sparse low-rank (SLR). Finally, these multiple measures are combined with multiple kernel learning (MKL) model for ADHD classification. The proposed method is tested with the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) dataset. The results show that the FCs of dHOFC and SLR perform better than the others. Fusing multiple measures achieves the best classification performance (AUC = 0.740, accuracy = 0.6916), superior to the single measure and the previous studies. We have also identified the most discriminative FCs and brain regions for ADHD diagnosis, which are consistent with those of published literature.
Efficacy and safety of Treamid in the rehabilitation of patients after COVID-19 pneumonia: a phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Bazdyrev Evgeny , Panova Maria , Brachs Maria , Smolyarchuk Elena , Tsygankova Daria , Gofman Liudmila , Abdyusheva Yana , Novikov Fedor 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Many patients who recovered from COVID are still suffering from pulmonary dysfunction. Treamid (bisamide derivative of dicarboxylic acid, BDDA) was shown to have anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic, effects in animal models of pulmonary fibrosis. This study was designed to assess the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of Treamid in the rehabilitation of patients after COVID pneumonia. The aim was to establish whether Treamid could be effective in ameliorating post-COVID sequelae.Methods: The phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was done at 8 medical centers in Russia. Patients with a diagnosis of COVID in the past medical history and having fibrotic changes in the lungs, decreased lung function, and moderate or severe dyspnea according to mMRC scale were enrolled and randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio by use of interactive responsive technology to peroral administration of Treamid 50 mg or placebo once a day for 4 weeks. This trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT04527354). The study was fully funded by PHARMENTERPRISES LLC.Results: 12 out of 29 patients (41%) in Treamid group achieved clinically significant improvement in FVC and/or DLCO compared to 5 out of 30 patients (17%) in placebo group (p = 0.036). There was a significant decrease of dyspnea according to modified Borg scale observed in the Treamid group (−0.9 ± 0.7 vs. −0.4 ± 0.8, p = 0.018). No significant differences in the adverse events were noted. Exploratory analysis of the female population indicated superiority of Treamid over placebo by decreasing dyspnea and the extent of lung damage as well as increasing TLC.Conclusions: Treamid was associated with clinically significant improvement in the post-COVID patients, evident by an increase in FVC and/or DLCO as well as decreasing dyspnea. Treamid was well tolerated and can be safely administered to patients discharged after COVID. Treamid was more effective in women visible by superior improvement of COVID sequalae after 4 weeks treatment. Considering that female gender is a risk factor associated with the development of post-COVID symptoms, Treamid might offer a pharmacological treatment for long-term sequalae after COVID and supports further investigation in future clinical trials in post-COVID patients.
Effects of saline immersion on the physiological alterations of grass goldfish (Carassius auratus) during subsequent recovery in freshwater
Authors: Wang Xiaowen , Li Huijuan , Zhang Rong , Liu Lili , Zhu Hua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The present work aims to evaluate the tolerance, osmoregulation, metabolism, and antioxidant ability of saline water immersed grass goldfish (Carassius auratus) during the recovery in freshwater. Grass goldfish (38.15 ±5.48g) acclimated in freshwater were immersed by two salinities (20 ‰ or 30 ‰) for different time durations (10min, 20min, 30min, and 60min); and the physiological stress responses were measured during a recovery period of 24 h. Resultly, osmotic pressure kept unchanged in all treated fish, whereas the decline of sodium ions, potassium ions, and the ratio of Na+/Cl- was observed in saline treated fish. Differently, concentrations of chloride ion in saline treated fish were higher than control fish, but decreased as recovery time went. Soon after freshwater recovery, the gill Na+/K+—ATPase in saline treated fish kept lower than control group except for the fish immersed by salinity 20 for 10 – 30 min. Specifically, gill Na+/K+—ATPase levels showed a decreased trend in all saline treated fish, but the mRNA of NKA-α and NKA-β both significantly increased at 1h and 6h in salinity 20 treated fish.Compared with control group, cortisol levels were increased in all salinity 20 treated fish at 1h of recovery, but then gradually declined. However, in salinity 30 treated group, cortisol levels showed a rise trend and maintained high levels until 24 h post recovery. As for serum lactic acid, fish treated by salinity 20 for 10 or 20 min did not show any fluctuation. Whereas there was a rise trend of lactic acid in fish immersed by salinity 20 for 30 min and 60 min as recovery time went on. Fish treated by salinity 30 exhibited a relative high level of serum lactic acid at 1h and then gradually decreased at 24 post recovery. What’s more, antioxidant capacities were higher at salinity 20 treated fish than salinity 30 immersed fish. The limited results indicated that grass goldfish could well osmoregulate and survive by immersion in salinity 20 less than 60 min or salinity 30 less than 30min, even though immersion by salinity 20 could minimize the negative effect.