bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in choroidal circulation hemodynamics during the menstrual cycle in young, healthy women
Authors: Haneda Mayumi , Hashimoto Yuki , Mishima Airi , Saito Daichi , Yoshitomi Takeshi 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The current study aimed to investigate the time course of changes in choroidal circulation hemodynamics and their relationship to systemic circulation dynamics during the normal menstrual cycle in young, healthy women using laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG).

Methods
This prospective study included 26 eyes from 13 young, healthy women (21.3 ± 4.0 years) with a normal menstrual cycle and 24 eyes from 12 young, healthy men (21.8 ± 4.4 years) as a control group. The macular mean blur rate (MBR), a quantitative index of relative blood flow velocity in the choroid, was measured using LSFG. MBR, intraocular pressure (IOP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean blood pressure (MBP), and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) were evaluated in the late follicular phase and mid-luteal phase in women and at baseline and 10 days after baseline in men, respectively.

Results
In the female group, IOP, SBP, DBP, MBP, and OPP values were significantly higher in the mid-luteal phase than those observed in the late follicular phase (P = 0.035, P < 0.001, P = 0.041, P = 0.001, P = 0.014, respectively). The average macular MBR values in the late follicular phase and mid-luteal phase were 12.7 ± 5.3 and 13.7 ± 6.6 (+7.7 ± 19.4%), representing a significant increase in the mid-luteal phase (P = 0.041). The rate of change in MBR exhibited a significant positive correlation with changes in DBP and MBP (R = 0.456, P = 0.019 and R = 0.474, P = 0.014). However, there were no significant changes in any of the factors in the male group during the study period.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that in young, healthy women with a normal menstrual cycle, choroidal blood flow velocity decreases during the late follicular phase and increases during the mid-luteal phase, depending on systemic circulatory dynamics.
Individualized prediction of risk of ascending aortic syndromes
Authors: Saleh Qais Waleed , Diederichsen Axel Cosmus Pyndt , Lindholt Jes Sanddal 
Published: June 2022

Objectives
Although ascending aortic diameter changes acutely after dissection, recommendation for prophylactic surgery of thoracic aortic aneurysms rely on data from dissected aortas. In this case-control study we aim to identify risk markers for acute and chronic aortic syndromes of the ascending aorta (ACAS-AA). Furthermore, to develop a predictive model for ACAS-AA.

Methods
We collected data of 188 cases of ACAS-AA and 376 controls standardized to age- and sex of the background population. Medical history and CT-derived aortic morphology were collected. For the dependent outcome ACAS-AA, potential independent risk factors were identified by univariate logistic regression and confirmed in multivariate logistic regression. As post-dissection tubular ascending aortic diameter is prone to expand, this factor was not included in the first model. The individual calculated adjusted odds ratios were then used in ROC-curve analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the model. To test the influence of post-ACAS-AA tubular ascending aortic diameter, this was added to the model.

Results
The following risk factors were identified as independent risk factors for ACAS-AA in multivariate analysis: bicuspid aortic valve (OR 20.41, p = 0.03), renal insufficiency (OR 2.9, p<0.01), infrarenal abdominal aortic diameter (OR 1.08, p<0.01), left common carotid artery diameter (OR 1.40, p<0.01) and aortic width (OR 1.07, p<0.01). Area under the curve was 0.88 (p<0.01). Adding post-ACAS-AA tubular ascending aortic diameter to the model, negated the association of bicuspid aortic valve, renal insufficiency, and left common carotid artery diameter. Area under the curve changed to 0.98 (p<0.01).

Conclusions
A high performing predictive model for ACAS-AA, free of ascending aortic diameter, can be achieved. Furthermore, we have identified abdominal aortic ectasia as an independent risk factor of ACAS-AA. Integration of potential biomarkers and morphologic variables, derived from undissected aortas, would probably improve the model.
Tobacco Use and Its Determinants among School Going Adolescents
Authors: Carol Pinheiro  , Alagurajan Krishnaveni  , Lakshmi Rajeev Thuruthiyath  
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND
Tobacco use is a serious public health problem worldwide and it is the largest preventable risk factor for non-communicable diseases, also acting as a significant hurdle to development gains worldwide. Tobacco use among adolescents is increasing in epidemic proportions and this has profound public health implications. Although the single baseline measure of tobacco use in adolescence is unlikely to capture the lifetime risk of diseases, the prevalence of current tobacco use among adolescents is an important predictor of the future burden of tobacco-related diseases. Due to the enormous psychosocial and health effects of tobacco on childhood and adolescence, it is important to understand its burden and its associated socio-demographic factors for formulating effective tobacco control measures in adolescents. We wanted to estimate the prevalence of tobacco use among adolescents and determine the factors associated with tobacco use among adolescents in higher secondary schools in Ambalappuzha Block, Kerala.
METHODS
A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents in higher secondary schools in a block panchayat area in Kerala using a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. The use of tobacco was explored using the global school-based student health survey questionnaire (GSHS) and the associated factors were analysed using the chi-square test.
RESULTS
The prevalence of tobacco use which was categorised as ever users of tobacco was 13 % and the prevalence of smokeless tobacco use was 15.9 % among the study participants. A significant association was found between age, year of study, smoking status of parents, feeling of inability to study, poor academic grades and lack of confidence to face exams and tobacco use.
CONCLUSIONS
Tobacco use is an important risk behaviour among adolescent students. Risk behaviours can be made less damaging if addressed early in life and schools play an important role in addressing this public health problem by promoting healthy behaviours and lifestyles in adolescents.
Prophylactic Antitubercular Therapy Is Associated With Accelerated Disease Progression in Patients With Crohn's Disease Receiving Anti-TNF Therapy: A Retrospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Liu Fen , Tang Jian , Ye Lingna , Tan Jinyu , Qiu Yun , Hu Fan , He Jinshen , Chen Baili , He Yao , Zeng Zhirong , Mao Ren , Cao Qian , Gao Xiang , Chen Minhu 
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:Prophylactic antitubercular therapy (ATT) is widely prescribed in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) receiving antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) treatment. However, antitubercular agents have been demonstrated to possess profibrotic effects. We aimed to evaluate whether ATT accelerated disease progression in patients with CD receiving anti-TNF treatment.METHODS:A retrospective, multicenter study was performed in CD patients presented with inflammatory behavior (B1) and treated with anti-TNF agents. Disease progression was defined as the development of a stricturing (B2) or penetrating (B3) phenotype. ATT users were propensity score-matched with non-ATT users. Survival and multivariable Cox analyses were used to identify factors associated with disease progression.RESULTS:We enrolled 441 patients, including 295 ATT users and 146 non-ATT users, with a median follow-up of 3.15 years (interquartile range: 1.6–4.7). The cumulative rates of disease progression in the ATT group were constantly higher than those in the non-ATT group after 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year follow-ups, respectively (P= 0.031). Multivariable Cox analysis identified ATT as an independent risk factor for disease progression using both the whole (hazard ratio = 2.22; 95% confidence interval: 1.11–4.48;P= 0.025) and propensity score-matched cohorts (hazard ratio = 2.35; 95% confidence interval: 1.07–5.14;P= 0.033). In subgroup analysis, patients receiving ATT ≥4.5 months had a significantly higher rate of disease progression compared with patients receiving ATT <4.5 months (P= 0.005) and non-ATT treatment (P= 0.036).DISCUSSION:Prophylactic ATT with duration over 4.5 months was associated with disease progression in patients with CD receiving anti-TNF treatment.
Relationship between Preparation and Attitude in 3-4 Year Old Children regarding Newborn Sibling
Authors: Andika Sari Diah , Nuryuliani Eneng , Prapti Ndaru , Pasco Bayan Rocelia 
Published: June 2022

Purpose – The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the preparation for a newborn sibling and the attitude of children aged 3 to 4 years. This study was carried out in Kemayoran District, Central Jakarta.Design/methods/approach – The method used was a correlational quantitative research method. The sampling method was carried out using the one stage cluster sampling method from 8 sub-districts in Kemayoran District, Central Jakarta, Indonesia. A total of 240 mothers who have children aged 3-4 years with younger siblings were taken as samples. Data collection technique used was a questionnaire.Findings – While the results of the study obtained a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.589, the results of the t test showed that tcount was 11.235> ttable namely, 1.651. It means there was a significant positive relationship between the preparation for a newborn sibling and the attitude of children aged 3-4 years. The coefficient of determination test results calcuated by SPSS v.22 program obtained R2 of 0.347 or KD of 34.7%. This means that the preparation for a newborn sibling was able to explain 34.7% of the attitude of children aged 3-4 years. Meanwhile, the remaining 65.3% was influenced by other variables which were not included in this study.Research implications/limitations – This study was limited to simple correlational research with one independent variable and one dependent variable. Future studies can explore greater with other related variables. Practical implications – From this study, it can be concluded that there was a significant and positive relationship between the preparation for a newborn sibling with the attitude of early childhood children aged 3-4 years.Originality/value – With careful preparation, parents who prepare for the arrival of a new sibling can form a positive attitude response in children aged 3-4 years.
Paper type Research paper
Qur'an Literacy Activities for Children and Parents during Children's Study at Home
Authors: Nur Inten Dinar , Agustina Susanti 
Published: June 2022

Purpose –The pandemic has forced parents and children to carry out various activities only at home. Parents who are usually busy with their office work can rebuild attachment with their children with meaningful Qur’an literacy activities. Qur’an is the life guide of every Muslim, so it is the duty of parents to introduce and set the right example to their children as early as possible. Through the direct involvement of parents and children in Qur’an literacy activities, it grows and gives birth to a generation of Quranic pride for the people. The purpose of this study was to determine the activities of children's and parents' Qur’an literacy when children have to study the Qur’an at home.Design/methods/approach –The method used in this study is a survey method with a quantitative approach. The stages include situation analysis, making a google form which was submitted to approximately 246 parents in West Java who have children in early childhood period, data processing, writing reports and conclusions.Findings –The findings of the research prove that through the ability of parents to read the Qur’an properly and correctly and the ability of parents to package Qur’an literacy activities using varied and fun methods can foster children's interest in Qur’an literacy including reading Qur’an activities, i.e., reading the Qur’an and memorize short surahs. This is evidenced by the increasing number of verses and pages that children read and the number of short Surahs these children have memorized.Research implications/limitations – The study used a survey, where the literacy activity of parents and children at home during the pandemic increased compared to before the pandemic.Practical implications –Qur’an literacy activities for children while studying at home require parents' ability to read the Qur’an, knowledge of methods, media and evaluation of good and correct Qur’an teaching. Meanwhile, the limitations in this study are the instillation of Qur’an literacy in children by parents when children study the Qur’an at home.Originality/value –Qur’an literacy activities for children by parents when children have to learn the Qur’an at home.
Paper type Survey study
Upaya Meningkatkan Peran Aktif Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Matematika dengan Menggunakan Model Mencari Pasangan (Make A Match) Kelas XI IPS MA Salafiyah Wonoyoso Kabupaten Kebumen Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Wijayanti Ekaviana 
Published: June 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan peran aktif siswa dengan menggunakan pembelajaran model Mencari Pasangan (Make a Match). Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPS 2 MA Salafiyah Wonoyoso. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan setelah 2 siklus, pembelajaran menggunakan model pembelajaran Mencari Pasangan (Make a Match) dapat meningkatkan peran aktif siswa. Pada kondisi prasiklus peranaktif siswa dalam pembelajaran sebesar 35,42% sedangkan pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 62,08%. Pada siklus ke II peran aktif siswa mencapai 77,02% dan telah menlebih dari standar keberhasilan. Pembelajaran matematika model Mencari Pasangan ( Make a Match ) dapat meningkatkan peran aktif siswa adalah dengan gambaran bahwa pada pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika pada siklus pertama keterlaksanaanya 90%, sedangkan pada akhir siklus kedua mengalami peningkatan dengan keterlaksanaan 96,67%.
Efektivitas Pendekatan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik Indonesia (PMRI) dengan Metode Jigsaw terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah dan Self-Efficacy Siswa SMP/MTs
Authors: Kurniawati Esti , Suparni  , Suparni  
Published: June 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan PMRI dengan metode jigsaw lebih efektif daripada pembelajaran konvensional terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan PMRI dengan metode jigsaw lebih efektif daripada pembelajaran konvensional terhadap self-efficacy yang dimiliki siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimental dengan desain nonequivalent control group design. Variabel penelitian ini terdiri dari variabel bebas yaitu pendekatan PMRI dengan metode jigsaw serta variabel terikat yaitu kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan self-efficacy siswa. Subjek populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 15 Yogyakarta tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Subjek sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas VIII F sebagai kelas kontrol dan VIII D sebagai kelas eksperimen. Instrumen penilaian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah soal pretest-posttest kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan prescale-postscale self-efficacy, serta instrumen pembelajaran yang berupa RPP, dan LKS. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji t dengan bantuan software SPSS 16.0. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan PMRI dengan metode jigsaw lebih efektif daripada pembelajaran konvensional terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa. Selain itu, hasil penelitian ini juga menyimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan PMRI dengan metode jigsaw tidak lebih efektif daripada pembelajaran konvensional terhadap self-efficacy siswa. Hal ini disebabkan oleh presepsi awal siswa terhadap dirinya, lingkungan sekitarnya seperti teman sepermainan, durasi pembelajaran yang singkat, dan siswa yang tidak mengikuti diskusi kelompok yang memilih mengobrol dengan teman lainnya. Jika peneliti selanjutnya akan menggunakan variabel terikat self-efficacy maka sebaiknya memperhatikan persepsi awal siswa serta lingkungan siswa.
Peningkatan Task Commitment pada Pembelajaran Matematika dengan Model Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Head Together (NHT) Siswa Kelas X TL4 SMK Negeri 3 Yogyakarta Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Permatasari Dian 
Published: June 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan task commitment melalui pembelajaran Numbered Head Together (NHT). Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan dua siklus penelitian. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 32 siswa kelas X TL4 SMK N 3 Yogyakarta. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah data dari aktivitas siswa dan guru selama proses pembelajaran yang dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan lembar observasi, hasil angket task commitment, dan tes hasil belajar siswa. Setelah data diperoleh, data dianalisis dan dibandingkan dengan kriteria yang berfungsi sebagai indikator keberhasilan tindakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan setelah 2 siklus, pembelajaran menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Head Together (NHT) dapat meningkatkan task commitment siswa. Pada kondisi awal, rata-rata skor task commitment siswa adalah 80 sedangkan pada akhir siklus pertama menjadi 82 dan pada akhir siklus kedua 84. Pada akhir siklus II, skor rata-rata task commitment siswa mencapai kriteria tinggi yang sesuai dengan indikator keberhasilan yang telah ditetapkan sebelumnya. Hal tersebut juga diikuti dengan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Pembelajaran matematika dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Head Together (NHT) dapat meningkatkan task commitment ditunjukkan melalui pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika pada siklus pertama yang terlaksana 69%, sedangkan pada akhir siklus kedua task commitment siswa sudah mengalami peningkatan dengan keterlaksanaan mencapai 84%.
Analisis Proses Pembelajaran Matematika pada Anak Tunagrahita di SMP Negeri 15 Yogyakarta
Authors: Okta Fikriya Haya , Safana Mazza , Izzah Adi Ningsih Nurul 
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pembelajaran matematika di kelas inklusif yang meliputi kesiapan guru sebelum pembelajaran, pelaksanaan pembelajaran, evaluasi dan tindak lanjut serta keterlibatan Guru Pendamping Khusus GPK dalam proses pembelajaran di SMP Negeri 15 Yogyakarta dalam memperoleh keberhasilan belajar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Pemilihan subjek menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi. Model analisis datanya adalah model interaktif dari Miles dan Huberman dengan langkah-langkah reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah 1) tidak ada perbedaan dalam Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran namun guru tetap memperhatikan karakteristik siswa tunagrahita, 2) pada pelaksanaan pembelajaran guru melakukan pengkondisian dengan mempersiapkan siswa secara fisik dan psikis, serta memberikan perhatian lebih khususnya siswa tunagrahita, dan 3) evaluasi dilakukan secara tertulis atau lisan ketika satu materi bahasan selesai, serta hasil evaluasi digunakan sebagai acuan tindak lanjut yang di bimbingan khusus oleh GPK.
Analisis Kemampuan Penalaran Adaptif Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)
Authors: Nauvalika Permana Nasha , Setiani Ana , Andri Nurcahyono Novi 
Published: June 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan penalaran adaptif matematis siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal HOTS. Jenis penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu desain penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa pemberian tes dan wawancara. Pengambilan subyek penelitian ini adalah 6 siswa kelas VIII SMP. Pengambilan subjek pada penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah reduksi data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pada soal HOTS dengan indikator mengajukan dugaan, subjek dengan kemampuan penalaran adaptif matematis tinggi dan rendah mampu mengajukan dugaan. Berbeda dengan subjek yang memiliki kemampuan penalaran adaptif rendah tidak mampu mengajukan dugaan, 2) Pada soal HOTS dengan indikator memberikan alasan terhadap suatu kebenaran, subjek dengan kemampuan tinggi dan sedang mampu memberikan alasan terhadap suatu pernyataan dengan benar. Berbeda dengan subjek berkemampuan rendah yang tidak dapat memberikan alasan terhadap sebuah pernyataan, 3) Pada soal HOTS dengan indikator menarik kesimpulan pada sebuah pernyataan, subjek berkemampuan tinggi dan sedang mampu menunjukkan penyelesaian dengan memberikan kesimpulan yang benar dan lengkap. Berbeda dengan subjek berkemampuan rendah yang belum mampu mengerjakan soal tersebut dengan benar, 4) Pada soal HOTS dengan indikator memeriksa kesahihan suatu argumen, subjek dengan kemampuan tinggi dan sedang mampu mengecek kesahihan suatu argument dengan menunjukkan letak kebenaran atau kesalahan secara lengkap. Berbeda dengan subjek dengan kemampuan rendah yang tidak mampu mengecek kesahihan suatu argument, 5) Pada soal HOTS dengan indikator menemukan pola pada suatu gejala matematis, subjek berkemampuan tinggi, sedang dan rendah belum mampu menemukan pola dari suatu gejala matematis
Apakah Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) dapat Meningkatkan Kerjasama Siswa ?
Authors: Nur Indah Sari Afifah , Sunarwanto  
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan kemampuan kerjasama siswa dan kualitas pembelajaran melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Two Stay Two Stray. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Classroom Action Research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif. PTK ini dilaksakan di XI MIA 9 SMA N 1 Yogyakarta. Data yang dikumpulkan dengan lembar observasi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, lembar observasi kemampuan kerjasama siswa, angket kemampuan kerjasama, dan tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skor rata-rata kemampuan kerjasama siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika yang diperoleh meningkat dari kondisi awal yaitu pada kategori sedang meningkat menjadi pada kategori tinggi pada siklus pertama dan siklus kedua. Pada kondisi awal, rata-rata skor kemampuan kerjasama siswa adalah 84 sedangkan pada akhir siklus pertama menjadi 87 dan pada akhir siklus kedua 90. Persentase skor rata-rata siswa dalam kategori sangat tinggi diperoleh sebesar 10% dan siswa dalam kategori tinggi mencapai 66,67%. Hasil observasi kemampuan kerjasama siswa diperoleh sebesar 73,33% siswa mencapai kategori minimal tinggi. Persentase kelulusan siswa yang memperoleh nilai hasil belajar lebih dari KKM pada siklus I sebesar 76,67% dan pada siklus II sebesar 90%. Dengan demikian, setelah 2 siklus, pembelajaran menggunakan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Two Stay Two Stray dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kerjasama siswa. Hal tersebut juga diikuti dengan meningkatnya persentase keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dari sklus I sebesar 84,48% pada kegiatan guru dan 82,76% pada kegiatan siswa meningkat menjadi 88,51% di akhir siklus II baik untuk kegiatan guru maupun kegiatan siswa.