bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Planning Victoria's Energy Transition using n Bottom Line Analysis
Authors: Currie Glen , Foley Matthew , Cousins Riley , Diplaris Alexander , Drimer Sebastian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, Australia must decarbonise the energy sector and other sectors. The 'energy transition' is driven by policy-led construction of renewable infrastructure and regulation changes. However, no holistic analysis of the path forward currently exists. This report aims to develop a clear plan for Victoria's energy transition by evaluating three scenarios. A Business as Usual (BAU) scenario that aims to emulate Victoria's planned trajectory is compared against two alternative solutions, both of which aim to emulate Victoria's planned trajectory is analysed against two alternative solutions that aim for complete renewable energy generation by 2030. Alternative 1 (ALT1) focuses on Victoria being reliant on imported interstate renewable energy, while Alternative 2 (ALT2) involves Victoria becoming self-sufficient through renewable generation. Each of the three scenarios is compared across four bottom lines: technical performance, social, economic, and environmental. Interviews among energy experts revealed that economic and social metrics were considered most important. Application of the n-bottom line (nBL) assessment framework delivers a result that finds ALT2 and ALT1 tied as the preferred solution. Hence, the construction of renewable infrastructure in Victoria and increased interstate transmission capacity should be built. Further research could include a deeper understanding of the embodied carbon in infrastructure built for the energy transition.
The Impact Of Social Participation On Depression Among The Older Adults: The Mediating Role Of Physical Multi-Morbidity
Authors: he Wenbo , Cao Liujiao , Liu Rui , Zhang Wei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Social participation and physical multi-morbidity are common influencing factors of mental health conditions in the older adult population. Understanding the trajectories of these will help implement treatments and interventions. With the increasing attention given to geriatric depression in recent years, this study aims to explore the correlation between social participation and depression, and further to detect the mediating effect of physical multi-morbidity. Methods: We screened 6,421 subjects that met the inclusion criteria from the 2018 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) database. Social participant and depressive symptoms were assessed using the 12-item self-made scale and 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10), respectively. Logistic regression and mediating effect model were used to identify the association between the main variables.Results: We found that 13.4% of the elderly are engaged in heavy social participation and 53.38% of them are not engaged in any social participation. In addition, 8.27% of the elderly have depression and 31.38% have depressive symptoms. Female, rural areas, lower education, more negative marital status, poor health status, and more frequent outpatient and inpatient services were associated with higher depression in the Chinese elderly. CESD-10 is negatively correlated with social participation and positively correlated with physical multi-morbidity. Physical multi-morbidity has a mediating effect in the affection of social participation on depression.Conclusions: This study preliminary prompted severe depressive symptoms associated with worse social participation intense in a Chinese elderly community population. Higher levels of social participation and a low level of physical multi-morbidity should be maintained in this population, and additional educational activities should be organized among seniors on a large scale.
Dietary resistant starch ameliorating lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation associated with alteration in gut microbiome and glucagon-like peptide 1 signaling
Authors: Qin Simeng , Bai Weiqiang , Applegate Todd J , Zhang Keying , Tian Gang , Ding Xuemei , Bai Shiping , Wang Jianping , Lv Li , Peng Huanwei , Xuan Yue , Zeng Qiufeng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Consumption of resistant starch (RS) has been associated with various intestinal and systemic health benefits, but knowledge of its effects on intestinal health and inflammatory response in stressed birds is limited. Here, we examined how dietary RS supplementation modulated inflammatory severity induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in meat ducks.
Results
LPS administration at 14, 16, and 18 d (chronic challenge) decreased body weight and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) with higher intestinal permeability and inflammation, evidenced by higher pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Dietary RS supplementation enhanced Claudin-1 and GLP-1R expression, along with lower level of inflammatory factors in both ileum and serum. Microbiome analysis showed that RS treatment shifted microbial structure reflected by enriched the proportion of Firmicutes, Bifidobacterium, Ruminococcus, etc. Dietary RS addition also significantly increased the concentrations of propionate and butyrate during chronic LPS challenge. Further, handling LPS-challenge only at 14 d (acute challenge) confirmed LPS elevated the concentration of endotoxin and inflammatory cytokines in serum, accompanying with upregulated Toll Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) transcription. Analogous to GLP-1 agonist liraglutide, dietary RS administration decreased endotoxins and inflammation cytokines, whereas it numerically increased serum GLP-1 level and upregulated the GLP-1 synthesis related genes expression. Meanwhile, dietary RS supplementation suppressed the acute LPS challenge-induced TLR4 transcription.
Conclusions
These data suggest that dietary RS supplementation could attenuate the LPS-induced inflammation as well as intestinal injury of meat ducks, which might involve in the alteration in gut microbiota, SCFAs production and the signaling pathways of TLR4 and GLP-1/GLP-1R.
Enhancing wuyiencin productivity of Streptomyces albulus (CK15) by mutagenesis breeding with atmospheric and room temperature plasma
Authors: Thein Yu Wah , Shi Liming , Liu Binghua , Wei Qiuhe , Zhang Kecheng , Ge Beibei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Streptomyces species are commonly used for efficient secondary metabolite production, including many antibiotics. Wuyiencin is a secondary metabolite produced by Streptomyces albulus CK15. This antibiotic is used in agriculture for controlling various fungal diseases of vegetables and field crops. In the present study, we used atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis to generate mutant S. albulus strains with the capacity for improved fermentation production of wuyiencin. The wild-type S. albulus CK15 strain was mutagenized by ARTP for one time and screened for two rounds of antimicrobial activity, three genetically stable mutants (M19, M26, and M28) were identified, which showed increased wuyiencin production by 17.41%, 13.57% and 18.46% compared to the CK15 strain in flask culture, respectively. The M28 mutant exhibited a maximum wuyiencin activity of 1442.95±134.61 U/mL in flask culture and 1673.84±127.42 U/mL in a 5 L fermenter. Therefore, our results provide evidence that ARTP is an efficient tool for microbial mutation breeding and the enhancement of wuyiencin production.
Postbiotic Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid and Camel Milk Intervention as Innovative Trends Against Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia in Streptozotocin-induced C57BL/6J Diabetic Mice
Authors: Abdelazez Amro , Alshehry Garsa , Algarni Eman , Al-jumayi Huda , Abdelmotaal HEBA MAHMOUD , Meng Xiang-Chen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Diabetes is a serious disease that threatens human health worldwide. The study hypothesis is to investigate the novel trends that may aid in the prevention of diabetic complications. Camel milk was presented as a functional food, and Lactobacillus brevis (KLDS1.0727 and KLDS1.0373) strains were shown to synthesize postbiotic GABA as a potential food additive, which can therapeutically intervene against hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in streptozotocin-induced C57BL/6 mice. During a four-week timeframe, body weight and postprandial blood glucose levels were monitored. Post euthanasia, blood plasma was obtained to investigate hyperlipidemia, insulin concentrations, liver, and renal functions. The liver, pancreas, kidney, and spleen underwent histological examinations. The results demonstrated that KLDS1.0727 and KLDS1.0373 (LACS1, LACS2), and camel milk treatments all had a significant influence on hypoglycemic activity, as evidenced by reduced postprandial blood glucose levels. LACS1, LACS2, and camel milk therapy significantly reduced blood hypolipidemic, ALT, and AST levels. Camel milk is recommended for its therapeutic benefits in the treatment of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in the management of diabetes and comorbidities as well as, GABA which is considered a potential food additive.
Sleep and Work Functioning in Nurses Undertaking Inpatient Shifts in a Blue-Depleted Light Environment
Authors: Kjørstad Kaia , Faaland Patrick M. , Sivertsen Børge , Kallestad Håvard , Langsrud Knut , Vethe Daniel , Vestergaard Cecilie L. , Harris Anette , Pallesen Ståle , Scott Jan , Vedaa Øystein 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Blue-depleted light environments (BDLEs) may in some cases benefit health outcomes for hospital inpatients. However, less is known about the effects on hospital staff. This study aimed to explore the effects of a BDLE compared with a standard hospital light environment (STLE) in a naturalistic setting on nurses’ functioning during shifts and sleep patterns between shifts. Methods: Twenty-five nurses recruited from St. Olavs Hospital in Trondheim, Norway, completed 14 days of actigraphy recordings and self-reported assessments of sleep (e.g., total sleep time/sleep efficiency) and functioning while at work (e.g., mood, stress levels/caffeine use) in two different light conditions. Additionally, participants were asked to complete several validated scales and questionnaires to assess symptoms on medical conditions, mental health conditions, and side effects associated with the light conditions. Results: A multilevel fixed-effects regression model showed a within-subject increase in subjective sleepiness (by 17%) during evening shifts in BDLE compared with STLE (p = .034; Cohen’s d = 0.49) and an 0.2 increase in number of caffeinated beverages during nightshifts in STLE compared with BDLE (p = .027; Cohen’s d = 0.37). There were no significant differences neither on subjective or objective sleep measures, nor on self-reported levels of stress or mood across the two conditions. Exploratory between-groups analyses of questionnaire data showed that there were no significant differences except that nurses working in BDLE reported that the lighting was perceived as warmer (p = .009) and more relaxing (p = .023) than nurses working in STLE. Conclusions: Overall, there was little evidence that the changed light condition had any negative impact on nurses’ sleep and function, despite some indication of increased evening sleepiness in BDLE. We recommend further investigations on this topic before BDLEs are implemented as standard solutions in healthcare institutions and propose specific suggestions for designing future large-scale trials and cohort studies. Trial registration: The study was registered before data collection was completed on the ISRCTN website (ISRCTN21603406).
Sugarcane Bud Detection Method Based onYOLOv3-CSE Network
Authors: Xu Hongzhen , Liu Jiaodi , He Jie , Shen Manlin , Duan Yulong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
It is specified in agronomic requirements of sugarcane sowing that sugarcane buds should be placed toward the walls on bothsides of the sowing ditch, while the traditional detection model of small sugarcane bud targets cannot meet the requirementsof intelligent directional seeding machine for sugarcane bud identification due to such shortcomings as low accuracy, lowrecognition speed, and low training speed. To this end, a network model targeting sugarcane buds, called YOLOv3-CSE wasproposed in this paper. On the basis of analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the YOLOv3 network, the originalYOLOv3 network was improved to achieve accurate and rapid identification of small and medium-sized targets in sugarcanebuds. Besides, to further enhance the detection ability of the model for small object regions such as sugarcane buds, the originalDarkNet-53 network structure and the complete intersection over union (CIoU) bounding box regression loss function wereimproved to make the real box regression more stable, thus avoiding IoU divergence in the training process and ameliorating theregression effect on sugarcane bud identification. Mosaic data augmentation method was applied to enrich the data diversity,so as to solve the inadequate generalization ability during small dataset training. Finally, SE-ResNet module was embedded toincrease the ability of network model to identify sugarcane bud features. The test results of the YOLOv3-CSE network andthe original YOLOv3 network indicated that the precision and mean average precision (mAP) of the YOLOv3-CSE networkwere 96.93% and 95.87%, which were 5.66% and 4.95%, respectively, higher than those of the original YOLOv3 network.Compared with other object detection models with the same dataset, the YOLO v3-CSE network proposed in this paper boastsstronger robustness, better instantaneity, higher precision and higher detection velocity in identifying small objects of sugarcanebuds. In addition, it can rapidly identify the sugarcane buds, providing a technical guarantee for the application of the intelligentdirectional seeding machine for sugarcane seeds.
Time-series expression profile analysis to identify important modules and biomarkers in early phase of acute lung injury based on WGCNA
Authors: Li Jing , Yang Yanming , Fan Lili , Cui Zhengjun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The morbidity and mortality associated with ALI continue to be significant. Few medical therapies have demonstrated efficacy in curbing the progression of ALI or improving its outcomes. However, time-series expression data has enhanced our ability to query dynamical processes, and WGCNA and maSigPro have emerged as a promising approach for processing large datasets. Therefore, it is possible for us to explore the molecular mechanism in the progression of ALI.Methods: Downloaded time series gene expression dataset GSE2565 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and normalized the dataset using the “sva” R package. maSigPro were used to screen Differential expressed genes (DEGs) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to identify hub modules. Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analyses of genes identified in the hub module were conducted by Metascape. Integration of module analysis and CytoHubba application for identifying hub genes. Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was to measure the predictive accuracy of the hub genes.Results: In our study, 3005 DEGs were included in WGCNA and 8 modules were identified. Module-trait analysis presented that red module with the most negative correlation with 8hr mainly involved in the regulation of circadian rhythm; pink module with the most positive correlation with 8hr mainly involved in regulation of cell death. Five hub genes (Bnip3, Cdh11, Fam134b, Sult1a1 and Zbtb16) were identified followed by ROC curve analysis.Conclusion: Our analysis based on time-series expression data identified significant co-expression modules and pathways correlated with early phase of acute lung injury. The hub genes identified may contribute to provide new insights for the molecular mechanisms in acute lung injury.
Association between Exposure to Earthquake in Early Life and Risk of Diabetes Mellitus in Adulthood: Results from the Kailuan Study
Authors: Shui Xinying , Zhao Lei , Li Wenli , Jia Yaning , Liu Ziquan , Li Chen , Yang Xueli , Wu Shouling , Chen Shuohua , Gao Jingli , Li Xiaolan , Wang Aitian , Guo Liqiong , Hou Shike 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Investigations on the potential effects of earthquake exposure in early life are limited. Furthermore, no study has explored specific earthquake exposure windows for early life. This study evaluated the associations between earthquake exposure in early life and the incidence of adulthood diabetes mellitus (DM) and explored critical specific earthquake exposure windows, using the Tangshan Earthquake in 1976 as a natural exposure.MethodsWe analyzed 7,568 participants born around the time of the Tangshan earthquake and free of diabetes at baseline within the Kailuan study based in Tangshan, Hebei, China. Participants born from 28 Jun 1974 to 04 May 1977 were divided into the exposed group, and participants born from 04 May 1977 to 04 May 1979 were divided into nonexposed group. The exposed group was further stratified to fetal, infant, and early childhood exposed group. Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine the association between earthquake exposure in early life and incident risk of DM in adulthood.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 5.8 years, compared with nonexposed participants, the exposed participants had increased risk of DM, with multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals [CI]) of 1.47 (1.19-1.82). Furthermore, the HRs of DM were 1.68 (1.30-2.19) and 1.44 (1.08-1.91) for infant exposed group and early childhood exposed group, respectively, compared with the nonexposed participants. A significant interaction has been detected between early life earthquake exposure and alcohol consumptions on DM developing in adulthood (P for interaction = 0.03).ConclusionsThe increased risk of DM in adulthood was associated with earthquake exposure in early life. Our findings suggest that infant and early childhood are critical time windows of DM development among earthquake survivors, therefore, preventions of metabolic diseases and risk factors deserve more attentions among adults who experienced disasters in their early lives.
The Effect of Inactivation of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase on Pheromone Production by the Gut Bacteria of an Invasive Bark Beetle, Dendroctonus Valens (LeConte)
Authors: Cao Qingjie , Koski Tuuli-Marjaana , Li Huiping , Sun Jianghua 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Semiochemical-based strategies are important for bark beetle management worldwide. One of the most destructive invasive bark beetles, the causal agent of mass pine (Pinus sp.) mortality in China, is the red turpentine beetle (RTB) Dendroctonus valens (LeConte), originating from North America. For this species, verbenone pheromone regulates the beetles’ attack density in a dosage dependent manner. In addition, we have previously shown that RTB’s gut bacteria is involved in the pheromone production under both anaerobic and micro-oxygen environments. However, although some investigations of anaerobic gut bacteria of bark beetles have been made, functional verification of their role at molecular level is still lacking. To clarify the function of gut bacteria in verbenone production, we investigated the activity of key genes of the primary gut bacteria involved in verbenone production in D. valens under anaerobic environment. These key genes (aldehyde dehydrogenase) identified by transcriptome analysis were then knocked out by homologous recombination to obtain mutant bacteria strains. Our results show that these mutants had significantly decreased ability to convert the monoterpene precursor to verbenone compared to the wild type bacteria. Our ﬁndings provide further evidence of the mechanism of pheromone production of D. valens and a new perspective for functional studies of gut bacteria in general.
Highly Potent Multi-Valent Nanobodies Against Chikungunya with VHH Screened from Alpaca Naïve Phage Display Library
Authors: Li Qianlin , Zhang Fuqiang , Lu Yi , Hu Huan , Wang Jin , Guo Cheng , Deng Qiang , Liao Conghui , Wu Qin , Hu Tingsong , Chen Zeliang , Lu Jiahai 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background：Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerged mosquito-borne alphavirus that can cause musculoskeletal disease and impose a substantial threat to public health globally. It would be desirable to develop a high-affinity antibodies for the diagnosis and therapy of CHIKV infection. As potential diagnostic and therapeutic agents, multivalent nanobodies hold a significant promise towards nanomedicine. Here, we developed the highly potent multivalent nanobodies from an alpaca naïve phage display library targeting the E2 glycoprotein of CHIKV virus. Multivalent nanobodies play an important role in the promotion of high-affinity binding to E2 protein.Results: In the present study, we generated 20 nanobodies using a naïve phage display library for binders to the CHIKV E2 glycoprotein. Of which, multivalent nanobodies of Nb-2E8 and Nb-3C5 had specific high-affinity binding to E2 protein with nanomolar range, showing the equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) of 2.59-20.7 nM, which is 100-fold stronger than monovalent nanobodies’ affinity. Moreover, epitope mapping showed that the Nb-2E8 and Nb-3C5 recognized different linear epitopes located on the E2 glycoprotein domain C and A, respectively. A facile protocol of sandwich ELISA was established using the BiNb-2E8 as a capture antibody and HRP-conjugated BiNb-3C5 as a detection antibody. A good linear correlation was achieved between the OD450 value and the E2 protein concentration in the 5-1000 ng/mL range (r=0.9864, P<0.0001), indicating that it can be used for the quantitative detection of E2 protein.Conclusions: Multivalent nanobodies Nb-2E8 and Nb-3C5 exhibit functional features and high affinity distinct from monovalent nanobodies, showing new candidate diagnostic applications to detect sera binding protein and/or virions.
Proper and Common Names in the Semantic System
Authors: Desai Rutvik , Tadimeti Usha , Riccardi Nicholas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Proper names are an important part of language and communication. They are thought to have a special status due to their neuropsychological and psycholinguistic profile. To what extent proper names rely on the same semantic system as common names is not clear. In an fMRI study, we presented the same group of participants with both proper and common names in order to compare associated activations. Both person and place names, as well as personally familiar and famous names were used, and compared with words representing concrete and abstract concepts. A whole-brain analysis was followed by a detailed analysis of subdivisions of four regions of interest known to play a central role in the semantic system: angular gyrus, anterior temporal lobe, posterior cingulate complex, and medial temporal lobe. We found that most subdivisions within these regions bilaterally were activated by both proper names and common names. The bilateral perirhinal and right entorhinal cortex showed a response specific to proper names, suggesting an item-specific role in retrieving person and place related information. While activation to person and place names overlapped greatly, place names were differentiated by activating areas associated with spatial memory and navigation. Person names showed greater right hemisphere involvement compared to places, suggesting a wider range of associations. Personally familiar names showed stronger activation bilaterally compared to famous names, indicating representations that are enhanced by autobiographic and episodic details. Both proper and common names are processed in the wider semantic system that contains associative, episodic, and spatial components.