bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in Phosphate and Parathyroid Hormone Concentrations over the Day among Patients on Hemodialysis
Authors: Ginsberg Charles , Miller Lindsay M. , Ofsthun Norma , Dalrymple Lorien S. , Ix Joachim H. 
Published: August 2022

Significance Statement
Patients with ESKD on hemodialysis often develop elevated phosphate and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations, which may contribute to increased cardiovascular events and death. These parameters are generally measured at the time the patient initiates a hemodialysis session, which varies across the day. Prior studies in CKD suggest diurnal variability. In this study of 96,319 patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis in the United States, the authors evaluated differences in serum phosphate and PTH concentrations by time of day, finding that concentrations are lowest in the late morning and highest in the late afternoon. When deciding on therapy for abnormal phosphate and PTH concentrations in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis, clinicians may need to consider time of day of phosphate and PTH measurements to provide consistent treatment intensity.

Background
Elevated serum phosphate and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations are associated with cardiovascular events, bone disease, and mortality in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Although circadian changes are known in people with CKD, it is unknown whether differences occur in these parameters over the course of a day in people receiving hemodialysis.

Methods
We used clinical data from Fresenius Medical Care US dialysis clinics to determine how the time of day when measurements were collected (hemodialysis treatment start time) may be associated with serum phosphate and PTH concentrations. We used harmonic regression to assess these associations while accounting for demographic data and treatment parameters.

Results
A total of 96,319 patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis were included in this analysis. Patients had a mean age of 64±14 years, 43% were women, and dialysis start times ranged from 3:00 am to 7:59 pm. The mean serum phosphate concentration was 5.2±1.5 mg/dl, and the median PTH was 351 pg/ml (interquartile range [IQR], 214–547). In fully adjusted models, serum phosphate had a nadir at 11:00 am of 4.97 (IQR, 4.94–5.01) mg/dl and a peak at 7:00 pm of 5.56 (IQR, 5.50–5.62) mg/dl. Serum PTH had a nadir at 9:00 am of 385 (IQR, 375–395) pg/ml and a peak at 7:00 pm of 530 (IQR, 516–547) pg/ml.

Conclusions
Among patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis, concentrations of PTH and phosphate before a dialysis session vary with the time of day that these values are measured. Consideration of whether these values were obtained at peak or nadir times of the day may be important in treatment decisions.
Cultural Policies and Creative Cities: concept and approaches
Authors: Pasquotto Geise Brizotti 
Published: August 2022

Currently, the informational economy has become a cultural economy, which has made culture a driving force for new market demands. A variety of projects, plans and urban policies that use culture as a main theme have been disseminated in the last three decades. The use of cultural aspects has several dimensions and should be used as an element of enrichment and not as a commodity which the intended result is only profit.
The article seeks to present introductory concepts regarding culture, the culturalization of cities, cultural policies and creative cities, in order to briefly discuss this very complex field of action.
Atenção Odontológica à Pessoa Surda: uma Revisão da Literatura
Authors: Rocha Gabriela dos Santos Ribeiro , Sako Thais Akemi , Goya Suzana 
Published: August 2022

De acordo com o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), 9 milhões de brasileiros apresentam deficiência auditiva, de dificuldade até a ausência total de audição. O objetivo é discutir sobre a atenção odontológica prestada à pessoa surda, desde oatendimento clínico, até a educação em saúde bucal. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados Lilacs, Medline e SciELO, e as palavras-chaves foram Comunicação, Línguas de Sinais, Odontologia, Relações Dentista-Paciente e Surdez. Foram selecionados artigos que correlacionavam a prática odontológica, o ensino da odontologia e a assistência em saúde bucal do paciente surdo. Foram incluídos 15 artigos dos quais foram divididos nas seguintes categorias: atendimento clínico, avaliação das condições bucais, cultura surda na educação de graduandos e profissionais da odontologia, educação em saúde bucal, percepção sobre saúde bucal e atendimento odontológico. Após a revisão percebeu-se que há uma escassez de estudos relacionando odontologia e surdez, além de despreparo das instituições de ensino superior no manejo do paciente surdo.

Palavras-chave: Comunicação. Línguas de Sinais. Odontologia. Relações Dentista-Paciente, Surdez.

Abstract
According to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), 9 million Brazilians have some hearing impairment, since some hearing loss to complete deafness. This study aims to discuss the dental assistance offered to the deaf person, since the dental appointment until oral health education. The research happened on the databases Lilacs, Medline and SciELO, the keywords were Communication, Sign Language, Dentistry, Dentist-Patient Relations, and Deafness. Studies that related the dental practice or dentistry teaching e oral health assistance of deaf patients were included. Fifteen articles were included and divided into categories: clinical care, assessment of oral conditions, deaf culture on the education of students and dentistry professionals, oral health education, and perception about oral health and clinical care. There are just a few studies matching the dentistry and deafness, also the education institutions of dentistry are not ready to assist the deaf patient and need to expose their students to the deaf culture.

Keywords: Communication. Sing Language. Dentistry, Dentist-Patient Relations. Deafness.
Melatonina em Animais de Companhia: uma Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Mondes Pedro Henrique de Lima , Tamura Eduardo Koji 
Published: August 2022

A melatonina, N-acetil-5-metoxi-triptamina, é uma indolamina que possui diversas ações no organismo, desde regulação de ritmos circadianos, modulação do sistema imune, indutor do sono em determinas espécies e até eliminação de radicais livres. O objetivo desta revisão foi descrever o histórico, a síntese, os mecanismos de ação e os efeitos da melatonina, além de descrever trabalhos que utilizaram a melatonina em patologias associadas aos animais domésticos, em especial, nos cães e nos gatos. Esta revisão pode ser classificada como integrativa, com metodologia que consistiu em selecionar artigos das plataformas online como PubMed e Google Acadêmico, com a combinação de palavras-chave como “melatonin”, “dog”, “cat”, “circadian”, “rhythm”, “mammals”, desde que investigassem o envolvimento da indolamina na fisiopatologia de animais de companhia, ou que utilizassem a melatonina como método terapêutico no campo da Medicina Veterinária. Os artigos escolhidos dataram de 1958 até 2020. Os resultados demonstraram efeitos diversos, em várias áreas de especializações da veterinária, entre essas, oncologia, oftalmologia, anestesiologia, reprodução, endocrinologia, neurologia, dermatologia e gastroenterologia. Apesar dos resultados obtidos, a melatonina ainda é pouco estudada em trabalhos clínicos e científicos veterinários e, por isso, necessita de mais investigação, uma vez que possui potencial terapêutico em muitas das enfermidades que acometem animais de companhia.

Palavras-chave: Glândula Pineal. Medicina Veterinária. Cães. Gatos.

Abstract
Melatonin, N-acetyl-5-methoxy-tryptamine, is an indolamine that has various effects in the organism, from regulation of circadian rhythms to immune system modulation, sleep induction in some species and to scavenger of free radicals. This review aimed to described the history, action mechanisms and melatonin effects, in addition to, also describe studies focusing in therapeutic use of melatonin in pathologies associated with companion animals, specially dogs and cats. This review can be classified as integrative, with a methodology consisting of selected articles from online platforms, PubMed and Google Scholar, using the combination of keywords such as “melatonin”, “dog”, “cat”, “circadian”, “rhythm”, “mammals”, since they investigate the indolamine involvement in the companion animals pathophysiology, or that use melatonin as a therapeutic method in the Veterinary Medicine field. The selected articles were from 1958 to 2020. The results demonstrated different effects in some veterinary specialization areas, including oncology, ophthalmology, anesthesiology, reproduction, endocrinology, neurology, dermatology and gastroenterology. Despite the results obtained, melatonin is still poorly studied in clinical and scientific veterinary and, therefore, needs further investigation, since it has therapeutic potential in many diseases that affect companion animals.

Keywords: Pineal Gland. Veterinary Medicine. Dogs. Cats.
Postcovid bronchoobstructive syndrome in practice of general practitioner and pulmonologist: large-scale study
Authors: Leshchenko I. V. , Esaulova N. A. 
Published: August 2022

It is hard to make a conclusion about relationship between Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Bronchoobstructive Syndrome (BOS) in the postcovid period based on the literature.The aim. To determine the optimal treatment approaches by conducting a comprehensive assessment of clinical, laboratory and functional parameters, taking into account the risk factors for the development of BOS.Methods. 10,456 patients with Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) were examined, and 7,459 patients were randomized into 2 groups with a newly diagnosed BOS. Group 1 (n = 3,245) was prescribed beclomethasone/formoterol (BDP/FORM) as Maintenance And Reliever Therapy (MART). Group 2 (n = 4,252) was prescribed budesonide suspension (BUD) and salbutamol solution (SAL). The study assessed severity of COVID-19, presence of atopy and frequency of acute respiratory viral infections (SARS) in the medical history, spirometric parameters, blood eosinophils, Asthma Control Questionnaire-5 (ACQ-5) score, use of pro re nata medications, and adverse events.Results. Patients who had mild COVID-19 were diagnosed with BOS at weeks 8 – 24 (73.3%), while patients with moderate or severe COVID-19 were diagnosed at week 4 (54.9%). Virus-induced BOS (VI BOS) was diagnosed in 71.8% of the cases. 13% of the patients with BOS in postcovid period were diagnosed with asthma.Conclusion. The incidence of BOS is significantly higher in patients with atopy and history of frequent SARS who had moderate or severe COVID-19. A fixed combination of extrafine BDP/FORM as MART was superior to nebulized BUD + SALM in the treatment of VI BOS.
Comparative study of combination of misoprostol with Foley’s bulb compared with misoprostol alone for termination of second trimester pregnancy
Authors: Agarwal Priya , Gandhi Sudha , Indora Prachika 
Published: August 2022

Background: Second trimester abortion is termination of pregnancy in a period from 13 to 28 weeks of gestation. Second trimester losses may be due to maternal factors such as uterine malformation, growths in the uterus (fibroids), or cervical problems. These conditions also may contribute to premature birth. Aims and objectives were to compare the efficacy, safety and suitability of combination of misoprostol with intracervical Foley’s catheter v/s misoprostol alone for termination of second trimester pregnancy.Methods: This randomized controlled trial study was conducted on 100 study subjects who passed our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group A: received misoprostol with intracervical Foley’s catheter. Group B: received misoprostol alone. The groups were compared with respect to the patients’ characteristics, gestational age, indication for termination of pregnancy, rate of complications, etc.Results: Mean value of age (years) of study subjects was 27.12±4.5. Mean induction to delivery time (hours) in P0 was 17.73±6.46 and in P1-P2 was 14.78±4.9 which was significantly higher as compared to ≥P3 (11.46±3.82). (p=0.0004). Mean induction to delivery time (hours) in 14 to 18 weeks was 15.25±5.4 and >18 weeks was 15.02±5.84. (p=0.854). Distribution of side effect between group A and B. (6% vs 20% respectively) (p=0.041).Conclusions: We conclude that intracervical Foley catheter and vaginal misoprostol is a safe and effective method for second trimester abortion as compared to misoprostol alone group with no additional risks.
Utility of haematological parameters and NESTROFT as screening tools for thalassemia trait- A study in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Kini Sangeeta , Kamat Rima , Gatlewar Shilpa 
Published: August 2022

Thalassemia being one of the commonest causes of anaemia, screening remains is the backbone for diagnosing traits. Considering expensive confirmatory diagnostic tests, aim of this study was to study utility of haematological parameters and NESTROFT as screening tools for thalassemia trait. It is a one and half year prospective study from June 2017 to December 2018, carried out in outdoor patients investigated in central laboratory of a tertiary care centre. A total of 5000 cases were randomly selected based on low haemoglobin values as per WHO Criteria. All the haematological parameters of the complete hemogram performed, were thoroughly analysed. Mentzer Index (MI) and Ehasani Index (EI) were calculated. NESTROFT was performed in all study samples and results were compared with haematological parameters. Results were compiled and statistically analysed. Out of total 5000 cases with low haemoglobin, mean haemoglobin was 10.12+1.29. Age ranged between 1-82 years with mean age 36.22+16.50 years with female preponderance. NESTROFT was positive in 152 cases (3.04%) and haematological parameters such as RBC, Hemoglobin, MCV were found to be significant (p&#60;0.05) in those cases. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of MI and EI with NESTROFT was found to be 94.74%, 89.77%, 22.50%, 99.82% and 94.74%, 89.44%, 21.95%, 99.82% respectively.This study concludes that both haematological parameters and NESTROFT have to be used in conjunction as the primary screening tool for thalassemia traits in general population. Thus making it an ideal contender to be adopted in rural settings of developing countries, for early diagnosis and decreasing the morbidity associated with thalassemia.
To compare effects of pretreatment with two doses of dexmedetomidine on etomidate induced myoclonus and attenuation of stress response at intubation
Authors: Bhatia Parminder Singh , Gupta Priyanka , Kumari Santosh , Chauhan Renu 
Published: August 2022

Etomidate’s haemodynamic stability is due to its unique lack of effect on the sympathetic nervous system and on baroreceptor function. Even in cardiac patients an induction dose of etomidate results in very stable haemodynamics. Etomidate also has minimal effects on respiratory system as compared to other induction agents. Since it causes minimal histamine release, this gives an advantage in patients with reactive airway disease, making it less likely that they will have bronchospasm. However, pain on injection and myoclonus are two most common side effects of this drug. Pain on injection has disappeared after the new fat emulsion of etomidate, but the new solvent has not reduced the incidence of myoclonus.1): To compare the effects of pretreatment with two doses of Dexmedetomidine on the incidence of Etomidate induced myoclonus using numerical based grading; 2): To compare the effects of pretreatment with two doses of Dexmedetomidine on attenuation of stress response at laryngoscopy and intubation after induction with Etomidate.Study area: The proposed study was carried out in the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive care at a tertiary care teaching hospital, after seeking clearance from the college ethical committee and obtaining written informed consent from patient. Study design: Prospective Interventional Randomized Comparative Study Study period: 1 year It was a prospective and interventional randomized comparative study where 180 patients with age group 18-65 years, of either sex,ASA grade I & II, BMI, undergoing elective surgical procedures under general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation were included in the study. They were divided into three groups where patients were randomly allocated into one of the three groups using Block Randomization with sealed envelope system. In Group 2 and 3, 78.3% and 76.6% patients did not have myoclonus during induction with etomidate. Stress response to intubation was suppressed by dexmedetomidine. Based on the observations of our study, we conclude that pretreatment with 0.5µg/kg and1µg/kg Dexmedetomidine significantly reduce etomidate induced myoclonus and stress response at intubation. However, dexmedetomidine in dose of 0.5µg/kg is associated with fewer side effects of bradycardia and hypotension.
УДОСКОНАЛЕНИЙ МЕТОД ВИПРАВЛЕННЯ ПОМИЛОК ІЗ ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ НА ЕТАПІ ПОСТ-ОБРОБКИ LDPC-КОДІВ У СИСТЕМАХ QKD
Authors: Білаш Богдан , Лисенко Олександр 
Published: August 2022

В цій роботі проведено огляд відомих методів корекції помилок для систем QKD, визначено їх переваги та недоліки. Обґрунтовано для удосконалення метод LDPC-кодів. При обміні кубітів між Алісою та Бобом по квантовому каналу можуть виникати помилки через шуми, а також Боб під час вимірювання станів може отримувати помилкові значення, які необхідно виправляти на етапі пост-обробки. Матриця перевірки для LDPC- кодів є квазіциклічною, тобто кожний наступний рядок матриці є циклічно зсунутим вправо на один біт відносно попереднього рядка. Це дозволяє не лише описати матрицю лише першим рядком матриці, але і використати властивість ізоморфності матриць-циркулянтів з кільцем поліномів над полем Галуа. Тобто матриця перевірки може бути описана певним поліномом. І операції, які виконуються над цим поліномом, застосовуються і на матрицю. Використання таких ізоморфних властивостей поліномів дає змогу значно простіше створювати та зберігати не лише матрицю перевірки, а і породжувальну матрицю, що дозволяє уникнути довготривалих матричних перемножень та застосування більшої кількості пам’яті для зберігання даних матриці, в результаті значно спрощує апаратну реалізацію. Створення кодового слова відбувається методом, запропонованим автором LDPC-кодів Р. Галагером. Для декодування кодових слів у вихідне повідомлення застосовується “м’який” алгоритм розповсюдження довіри (belief-propagation algorithm) або sum-product algorithm (SPA), який показав свою ефективність та використовується в сучасних телекомунікаційних системах. Запропоновано та адаптовано для написання програмного коду алгоритм для генерування матриці перевірки та алгоритм для створення породжувальної матриці, який базується на методі для знаходження зворотного полінома Евкліда-Уолліса. Створено програмне забезпечення, яке реалізує вищесказані алгоритми, з яким можна ознайомитись на git-репозиторії
ANALYSIS OF METHODS FOR INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF GAS TURBINE UNIT OPERATION
Authors: Volyanska Larysa , Pikul Maryna , Otroshchenko Volodymyr 
Published: August 2022

A promising direction in the development of the energy sector is the use of energy–saving technologies based on gas turbine units, which can significantly increase the efficiency of fossil fuel use. One of the promising ways to improve the fuel efficiency of gas turbine plants is the use of complex thermodynamic cycles. The article presents a study of increasing the efficiency of gas turbine plants by improving their thermal and technological schemes. The schemes with intermediate cooling in the process of air compression and with heat recovery of exhaust gases are considered. The article discusses the problem of optimization and selection of rational parameters of the working process of a gas turbine plant. Integrated optimization of the parameters of the thermodynamic cycle of a gas turbine unit, such as the gas temperature in front of the turbine, compressor pressure ratio, as well as the parameters that determine the working process of additional units of the plant, plays an important role in increasing its efficiency. The AI–336–1 / 2–10 gas turbine drive, designed to drive gas–pumping units and other industrial plants with a capacity of 10 MW, was chosen as the object of the study.Selecting workflow parameters that provide maximum efficiency is a major challenge in the design of complex cycle motors.The results of a numerical study of the influence of the main parameters of the operating process of the plant on the efficiency are presented, the influence of pressure ratio and the maximum cycle temperature on the cycle parameters is analyzed. The comparison of the values ​​of the optimal pressure ratio in terms of effective efficiency with the optimal pressure ratio in terms of specific effective work for cycles of a simple scheme and a complex one.It is shown that due to multistage compression with intercooling and exhaust gas regeneration; it is possible to achieve high values ​​of effective efficiency, which for a gas turbine plant of a simple scheme can be obtained only at high cycle parameters
ІНТЕРАКТИВНА ЛЕКЦІЯ ЯК СУЧАСНИЙ ВИД ВИКЛАДАННЯ ФАХОВИХ ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧНИХ ДИСЦИПЛІН
Authors: Бобкова Інна Аркадіївна , Бур’янова Вікторія Вікторівна , Умінська КатеринаАнатоліївна , Хранівська Валентина Олександрівна 
Published: August 2022

У статті розглядаються переваги використання інтерактивної лекції під час викладання фахових дисциплін. Аргументовано переваги використання інтерактивних технологій у навчальному процесі. З’ясовано, що використання інтерактиву під час лекції забезпечує зворотній зв’язок із здобувачами освіти. Доведено, що інновації не виникають самі по собі, а є результатом наукових пошуків, аналізу, узагальнення педагогічного досвіду.
ПАРТИСИПАТИВНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО ВИХОВАННЯ ЛІДЕРСЬКИХ ЯКОСТЕЙ УЧНІВ: НАУКОВО-НОРМАТИВНЕ ПІДҐРУНТЯ ТА ШКІЛЬНА ПРАКТИКА
Authors: Гриньова Марія Василівна 
Published: August 2022

В статті визначено нормативне підґрунтя партисипації учнів у школі, актуалізовані ключові аспекти виховання лідерських якостей учнів засобами учнівського самоврядування як форми партисипації. У роботі використаний досвід Одеської обласної школи громадянської партисипації дітей та дорослих «УСі В ДІЇ».
ЕКОНОМІЧНЕ САМОВИЗНЧЕННЯ МОЛОДІ ЯК ПРОБЛЕМА ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОЇ НАУКИ
Authors: Зубіашвілі Ірина Костянтинівна 
Published: August 2022

У статті аналізуються результати теоретичного дослідження основних наукових підходів до вивчення економічного самовизначення молоді. Проведене дослідження дало змогу визначити, що економічне самовизначення (як вид самовизначення) для учнівської молоді є однією з найважливіших завдань на відповідному життєвому етапі. Економічне самовизначення як психологічне утворення є самовизначенням особистості в економічному середовищі з метою досягнення суб’єктом оптимальної позиції в системі економічних відносин на основі його ставлення до соціально-економічних умов, а також уявлень про сенс і цілі життя, життєві принципи, цінності, ідеали, власні домагання, очікування та потенційні можливості.
РОБОТА СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ПЕДАГОГА З ПРОФІЛАКТИКИ БУЛІНГУ У ШКОЛІ
Authors: Карпілянська Зінаїда 
Published: August 2022

У статті розглядаються практичні заходи, що проводяться соціальним педагогом спільно з педагогічним колективом школи з метою профілактики булінгу, наводиться приклад шкільної програми із забезпечення здорового психологічного клімату у дитячому колективі.