bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Eddy Current Testing Detection Ability to the Varied Longitudinal Cracks on Coated Weld Metal Tee Joint of 5083 Aluminum Ship Structure
Authors: Hendroprasetyo Wing , Jati Andrian Henry Haidar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Due to its service, crack sometimes occur on the coated 5083 aluminum weld metal. One method for finding crack under protective coating is by using eddy current testing (ECT). This method of nondestructive testing relies on a circular electrical path generated by the coils positioned just above the surface being examined. The purpose of this research is to analyze the sensitivity of ECT by using variety of crack dimensions on 5083 aluminum welded plate tee joint. Five test pieces, each 200 mm × 50 mm × 10 mm were used and each sample contain four cracks. Artificial cracks are fabricated using electrical discharge machining (EDM) with length and depth variations. Variations in crack length are 5.0 mm, 7.0 mm, 9.0 mm, and 15.0 mm, and variation in depth are 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm and 2.5 mm. Results obtained by the analysing height and average length of the crack signal indication are as follows: for 0.5 mm crack depth, the height of the crack signal is 5 mm; 1.0 mm depth is 11.75 mm; 1.5 mm depth is 19.75 mm; 2.0 mm depth is 26.5 mm and 2.5 mm depth is 31.25 mm. The degree of accuracy obtained for the detection of crack depth is 93.57%. For the detection of crack length, it is found that the measured average length of artificial cracks is 5 mm actual crack length has measured crack length of 6.32 mm; 7 mm actual crack length has measured crack length value of 7.18 mm; 9 mm actual crack length has a measured crack length value of 8.8 mm and 15 mm actual crack length has measured crack length of 14.48 mm. The degree of accuracy obtained for crack length detection is 91.31%.
Study on Probabilistic Risk Assessment Model for Crossing Situation in Sunda Strait
Authors: Prastyasari Fadilla I. , Shinoda Takeshi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Sunda Strait is a busy channel where cargo vessels could probably have a crossing situation with roro ferries. Due to a very limited record of the actual crossing collisions in Sunda Strait, this study performs a Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) of near miss crossing situations in Sunda Strait due to the Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) that has been set since July 1st, 2020. The analysis is based on the Automatic Identification System (AIS) data during three time-intervals (TI), the first two TIs represented the condition before the TSS came into force, while the last TI was taken after the TSS has been set. The traffic in Sunda Strait was categorized to eight vessel courses, two conditions and seven crossing zones. We proposed a new perspective for the evaluating the TSS by looking at the crossing situation with three different bases, namely crossing zone basis, course basis, and vessel type basis. The probability of a crossing situation was calculated based on the hour basis for each time interval. The UK HSE standard for individual risk is utilized and it is found that the TSS effectively reduced the frequency level of crossing situation from unacceptable to ALARP in CZ 1, 2, and 4. While in CZ 3, the frequency is decreased dramatically from unacceptable to acceptable level.
The effect of propeller cap angle and fin size of PBCF on propeller performance
Authors: Trimulyono A , Jatmiko A B , Mulyatno I P , Yudo H 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The propeller was one of the main propulsors in ships that consumed a lot of fuel due to the viscous force acting in the ship. Therefore many studies have been carried out to increase the performance of ship propellers. One of the ways is using Energy Saving Device (ESD) to improve propeller performance. One of the ESD is Propeller Boss Cap Fins (PBCF). PBCF was used to improve the propeller performance by reducing the hub vortex during propeller rotation. In this study, we compare the propeller performance before and after PBCF installation without changing propeller dimensions. The variations of PBCF fins were made in 0,1D, 0,2D, and 0,3D with a combination of the angle of the propeller cap were 15° and 20°. The propeller performance is carried out with the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. It was made in the open water assumption to reduce of wall effect. B-series propeller is used in the present study. The validation of propeller performance is made using empirical results. This study aimed to determine the effect of the installation of PBCF on the performance of B-Series propellers on the Ro-Ro 1000 GT ship. The results show that variation with a fin diameter of 0,2D and a propeller cap of 20° can increase propeller efficiency by 0.03%. It can be concluded the addition of PBCF can improve propeller performance.
Comparison of shallow water effect on a monohull and chine catamaran
Authors: Sulistyawati W , Sudjasta B , Waskito D Y 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Many modifications to the hull shape have been made to obtain the optimum hull to reduce resistance. Various modifications of hull shape, as well as with the addition of the number of hulls, become multihulls. This study conducted a comparative study of monohull rounded and chine catamarans on the squat factor by varying the water depth ratio h/T 1.2, 1.3, and 1.5. The analysis is also carried out on the sinkage and trim factors by varying the ship’s trim with changes in LCG points and variations in speed. The simulation results on the effect of depth ratio show that chine catamaran has a squat effect lower than monohull at Fr 0.5. The depth ratio h/T 1.2 of 9.83%, h/T 1.3 of 18.3%, and the h/T 1.5 of 20.69%. At a lower speed Fr<0.3, the monohull has a lower squat effect than chine catamaran. For the effect of 10% LCG trim by stern on the sinkage factor, chine catamaran has a lower value than monohull at Fr 0.5. The analysis results show that chine catamaran has a sinkage effect of up to 40.4% lower than monohull at a ratio of h/T 1.3. In trim by bow conditions, chine catamaran had a lower sinkage effect than monohull at Fr 0.5 with the most significant deviation of 34.21% at a ratio of h/T 1.5. The overall analysis shows that monohull has a remarkable effect on shallow water at Fr<0.3. While at higher speeds, catamarans have a lower influence on the squat, sinkage and trim factors in shallow water conditions.
Intact Stability Analysis of a Container Ship Due to Containers Stowage on Deck
Authors: Anggriani A D E , Baso S , Bochary L , Rosmani  , Hasbullah M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, the container transportation service increases rapidly and then this condition emphasizes the container ship growth. The containers stowage only on deck can cause a serious problem subjected to ship stability. The objective of present study is to analyze the stability of a container ship due to containers stowage on deck. Also, twelve cases based on weight conditions C1 to C2 were simulated in order to distinguish the impact of the weight on stability parameters KG, GZ, vanishing stability angle, and stability range. The results show the weight condition affects on the magnitude of KG and LCG wherein the position of centre of gravity point is behind amidship and the decrease of LCG due to the decrease of consumable weight ≥ 50% is average 2.06%. The effect of the decrease of consumable weight ≥ 50% can make stern trim condition (C3, C5, C6, C8, C9, C11, and C12). The containers stowage on deck impacts on reducing the KG as well the magnitude GZ becomes small. In addition, the vanishing stability and stability range become small. Nevertheless, the stability parameters due to the containers stowage on deck fulfil the requirement of Intact Stability Code. Overall KG values due to the weight condition (C1 to C12) are significantly lower than the limiting KG. This means that overall KG due to weight conditions fulfill the stability criterion.
Two-phase Flow Analysis for Small-scale Ballast Water Tank Model by Hydraulics Experiment and Simulations
Authors: Liu Guangshuai , Watanabe Toraharu , Shinoda Takeshi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study is utilizing hydraulics experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods to verify the flow phenomenon in the ballast water drainage process and discuss the drainage efficiency. In order to facilitate the analysis of the flow characteristics of ballast water in the ballast tank of a typical bulk carrier, the complex structure is simplified into two simple small-scale models, a single-longitudinal model and a single-transversal model. Both are designed with the scale of 1:10 for the data collection. The experimental results are then validated and verified by conducting a two-phase flow model applied volume of fluid (VOF) method. Based on that result, the use of the VOF method is suitable for the ballast water drainage simulation, so it can be used in large-scale model calculations to predict the drainage efficiency of ballast tanks. In addition, this study also conducts a comparative analysis of two configuration modes of the single-longitudinal model and the single-transversal model, which provides a reference for the design and improvement of complex structures.
Open Water and Performance Analysis of Marine Propeller with PBCF Based CFD Method
Authors: Oloan Achdri Fauzi Nugraha , Made Ariana I , Baidowi Achmad 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Improving marine propeller performance can use ESD ( Energy Saving Devices ), especially located at zone 2 area installation ESD. Focus of this research using PBCF ( Propeller Boss Cap Fins ) as ESD and marine propeller from Japanese Bulk Carrier as object. This research studies marine propeller MP687 with and without PBCF. To obtain data solver, using single domain method and multi domain method. Simulation based on Advanced Ratio ( J ) = 0.30, 0.40 and 0.50. PBCF at multi domain can improve up to ± 4.174 % for thrust, -0.769 % reduce torque value and 1.114% for efficiency increase. Using DES-SST model turbulence, PBCF can imfluence propeller MP687 flow to prevent making hub vortex from trailing edge from each propeller blade.
Review of the Risk Assessment Methods for Shipbuilding in Indonesia
Authors: Ariany Zulfaidah , Pitana Trika , Vanany Iwan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the shipbuilding industry, there is still little discussion and analysis of risk management in the shipbuilding process. From previous studies, it is probable that the material/component group has a high percentage of shipbuilding delays, but there are no publications that discuss ship components specifically. Various models have been developed related to risk assessment in shipbuilding, but mostly discussed on shipbuilding construction, company management and work safety in shipyards. This paper discusses the need for planning and risk assessment models for component availability in the construction of new ships in Indonesia. The aim is to review the methods that will be used in risk assessment, combined with quantitative evaluation methods in the procurement of component materials and ship building installations. The development of methods for risk analysis, with a combination of Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Bayesian Network (BN) approaches, it is hoped that the most critical risks can be identified so that risk evaluation actions can be carried out.
PT PAL Empowerment Strategy as a Lead Integrator at ALPALHANKAM KCR 60 to Support State Defense at Sea
Authors: Sulistiyanto  , Pujiatmoko Siswo , Mualim Much , Sasongko Nugroho Adi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Research on the empowerment of PT PAL as a Lead Integrator on the KCR 60 Defense Security Equipment Tool (ALPALHANKAM) to support national defense at sea as part of the Alutsista readiness within the scope of Defense Management. This study is important because according to the Law Decree No: 16 of 2012 on Defense Industry which states that one of the government-owned defense industries designed as Lead Integrator (main guide) is PT. PAL Indonesia Persero. The tasks and functions of the 60 m Fast Missile Ship (KCR 60) are very significant with a relatively small size but because it is equipped with Anti-Surface Missiles, the “deterrence effect ” becomes very large both regionally and globally. This study has the objective to analyze the condition of the involvement of PT PAL as Lead Integrator in the development and maintenance of KCR 60 and empowerment strategies that must be implemented in order to promote the progress of shipbuilding companies nationwide ground water either owned by the government (SOEs) and private (BUMS) to support national defense at sea. In addition to PT PAL, the role of the TNI-AL as the user of the KCR 60 is very important and dominant so that research is carried out starting from the TNI-AL Headquarters, Koarmada, the Fast Boat Unit in the Koarmada and KRI as a tactical unit carrying out field operations. The research method used is qualitative where primary data collection is done by interview, observation and secondary data derived from literature review and researching facts and data in the field up to the smallest unit, namely KRI and from various publications in the form of books, journals and mass media and social media related to the object of research. The data analysis technique used is the interactive model of Miles & Huberman.
Analysis of fuzzy logic systems types 1 and 2 in identifying of IUU fishing and transshipment: a case study in Indonesia’s vulnerable waters
Authors: Masroeri A A , Aisjah Aulia Siti , Agam Vedanta , Pradenta May , Samudya Muh Arif 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The identification system for illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing and transshipment of incidents is one effort as early warning and it can be adopted by the Indonesian ministry of fisheries and marine affairs. The system has been developed using several methods. One of them is the artificial neural networks (ANN) have been used, but it is several weaknesses when AIS data is lost. The system able to identify in missing data in a short duration of time only. The development of a system for IUU identification proposed using a fuzzy logic system (FLS). The IUU identification system consists of subsystems: (i) missing data prediction, (ii) anomaly trajectory decision, (iii) IUU selection, and (iv) IUU decision. The performance of FLS is compared between fuzzy type 1 and type 2. The system tested using data of IUU occurrences waters in high frequency. Both SLF type 1 and type 2 are able to give result in very good accuracy for IUU fishing and transshipment identification.
Preliminary design of small semi-displacement passenger ships for the archipelago regions
Authors: Hetharia W R , de Fretes E R , Legwurnitua E J , Uruilal M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The development of rapid passenger transport in Indonesian archipelago regions is so fast in recent years. The previous survey conducted by the authors found the typical passenger boats with the capacity of 12 or 20 persons. Those small boats have the difficulties in operating at worse sea conditions. In addition, there are semi-displacement vessels with the capacity of 150 to 350 persons operated from certain seaports. In fact, there is a gap for the vessels with the capacity of 40 to 100 passengers. The purpose of the research is to provide small semi-displacement passenger vessels which may be operated from local small ports provided by the local government. The vessels were designed to follow standard procedure in ship design. The designed ship are small semi-displacement passenger vessels with the capacity of 40, 69 and 103 passengers. The design process was started by input design parameters due to ship missions and continued by design process up to determination of specification at preliminary design stage. The results of research are design specification of three vessels according to their dimensions and configuration. The results of this research should be followed by future detail design in order to provide the documents for the stakeholders.
Review Of Alternative Energy Resource For The Future Ship Power
Authors: Arief I.S. , Fathalah AZM 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the near future, reduce emissions from the combustion of the ship’s main engine by increasing the propulsion efficiency of ships that are already operating and/or optimizing ship designs during the design process. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has introduced stringent regulations to reduce GHG emissions for the global shipping industry. Another solution to reduce emissions is to use alternative renewable energy and clean. This paper will describe what energy is used for ship propulsion nowadays and other alternative energy sources that can be used for main engines, additional or hybrid power. Wind energy, solar PV, and fuel cells are renewable energy options for small ships’ main propulsion, navigation, lighting, and electronic devices. Furthermore, the method used for writing this paper is collecting the best paper and selecting technology alternatives energy that is possible to install on the ship.
Developing 11 x 20 Meter Hovercraft for Military Use
Authors: Santoso Agoes , Zaman Muhammad Badrus , Herjanto Andryan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Hovercraft is an advanced marine vehicle that always attractive military gear for supporting all terrain warfare such as fast landing vehicle, beach raid operation, territorial control, etc. Hovercraft capable of amphibious operation to bring troopers and logistics from landing ship to the certain mainland and even reach the city centre. By hovering in the above grounds with low pressure then the hovercraft operation may not activate minefield. Hovercraft also taken into considerations for Indonesian military. A long planning model of 11 x 20 meters class has been developed by applying gas turbine as an alternative main propulsion power for both lifting and thrusting fans. The low of weight/power ratio that offered by gas turbine can improve payload of the hovercraft by 45.85%. This paper also resumes several technical aspects when the hovercraft upgraded to be a fully military use. The results conclude that the additional payload is a significant feature to improve protective hull material, cargo capacity for military gears, weapons system, and logistics. Increasing speed is also possible because of the use of an adjustable blades design in the thruster fans.
The Study of Adaptive Planning Application for LNG Regasification Terminal Infrastructure in Indonesia
Authors: Turbaningsih Oktaviani , Nisa Wahyu Nur Hidayatun , Mustakim Achmad , Nur Iqbal Hasan , Wuryaningrum Pratiwi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Global trade for regasification LNG has reached 850.1 MTPA by February 2021 because of the enforcement of clean energy applications. The alternative of renewable energy such as hydropower, solar, and wind has developed globally, but they have not been implemented effectively in Indonesia. LNG became an alternative to clean energy because of its low carbon emissions. An estimated 26% of the 35,000 MW of Indonesia’s electricity supply project comes from natural gas-powered power plants. The scope of this study is to investigate the implementation of adaptive planning for LNG regasification facilities. The authors interview the LNG experts in Indonesia to assess uncertainties, vulnerabilities, and opportunities in its business process to identify the enabling factors for implementing the adaptive method in LNG terminal master planning. This research aims to provide an adaptive strategy for LNG Regasification Terminal to satisfy resilient and sustainable infrastructure concepts. The authors propose the Real Options Analysis using a binomial decision tree to evaluate the decision-making under uncertainty for the infrastructure LNG regasification terminal facilities. The study case for category medium to large scale with 4 MTPA, FSRU concept selected as the suitable configuration, while for the smaller scale facilities with 0.5 MTPA, the FSU with regasification barge selected as the most suitable configuration.
A Systematic Review of the Benefits of Automation Inspection Tools for Quality Housing Delivery
Authors: Nena T D , Musonda I , Okoro C S 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Efficient and effective inspection is vital for the quality delivery of housing construction. Houses are being inspected less frequently due to incapacitated inspectorates, high cost, and the long duration of the current inspection process. Furthermore, traditional inspection processes often contribute to poor quality housing delivery are inspector dependent and complex and unsafe working environment is exposed to inspectors. Automated inspection technologies play a vital role in the inspection of housing construction. Automation-assisted technologies such as laser scanners, drones and Augmented Reality (AR)-based inspection equipped with multiple imaging and sensing systems have been developed to mitigate some of these issues with the traditional method of inspection processes. This paper reviews relevant peer-reviewed articles to explore automation inspection process tools and technologies and highlight their benefits in the housing construction process. Following the systematic literature assessment methodology, five (5) databases were queried, based on the specific search string. Specifically, 26 journal articles satisfying a set of inclusion criteria were reviewed, its results highlighting the benefits of adopting an automated inspection process for quality housing delivery. The review of the journal articles revealed that the automation inspection process is available with several benefits demonstrating the potential to improve the quality housing delivery with the aid of tools and technologies like Augmented Reality (AR)-based inspection, 3D laser scanning, Drones, and BIM-based inspection. Benefits such as time-saving, limited human intervention during the construction process, inspection accuracy, reduced resource requirements, and improved collaboration between stakeholders. This study also revealed that while new technologies are evolving with benefits to improve the inspection process, there is still a gap in the practical application of these automated inspection process technologies during housing construction. The outcome of this study would benefit both the housing owners (clients), building inspection entities, building construction researchers, and the industry professionals to realise the potential of the automation inspection process and understand the requirements and benefits for their successful implementation.
A Theoretical Assessment on the Implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for an Improved Learning Curve on Construction in South Africa
Authors: Phaladi M G , Mashwama X N , Thwala W D , Aigbavboa C O 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Generally, the construction sector is lacking behind with the usage of technological software. Artificial Intelligence(AI) technology is viewed as a technological tool that can improve the timeous delivery of construction project(s). Therefore, the study is a literature review on the assessment of the implementation of AI technology on South African construction projects. The qualitative approach and purposive sampling technique were adopted in this study. The primary findings emanating from this study reveals that the past other underground empirical studies have identified several important impacts of AI technology and how it can transform the construction industry. Furthermore, the study findings revealed that if AI technology is fully exposed and exploited on construction projects especially to both developed and developing countries it would certainly improve productivity, enhance efficiency, and performance issues. On the other hand, the level of implementation of AI technology in South Africa is still very low. Therefore, the study would contribute to the body of existing knowledge of AI technology on construction projects, especially in South Africa.