bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methanogens and Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria Guide Distinct Gut Microbe Profiles and Irritable Bowel Syndrome Subtypes
Authors: Villanueva-Millan Maria J. , Leite Gabriela , Wang Jiajing , Morales Walter , Parodi Gonzalo , Pimentel Maya L. , Barlow Gillian M. , Mathur Ruchi , Rezaie Ali , Sanchez Maritza , Ayyad Sarah , Cohrs Daniel , Chang Christine , Rashid Mohamad , Hosseini Ava , Fiorentino Alyson , Weitsman Stacy , Chuang Brennan , Chang Bianca , Pichetshote Nipaporn , Pimentel Mark 
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) includes diarrhea-predominant (IBS-D) and constipation-predominant (IBS-C) subtypes. We combined breath testing and stool microbiome sequencing to identify potential microbial drivers of IBS subtypes.

METHODS:
IBS-C and IBS-D subjects from 2 randomized controlled trials (NCT03763175 and NCT04557215) were included. Baseline breath carbon dioxide, hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) levels were measured by gas chromatography, and baseline stool microbiome composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Microbial metabolic pathways were analyzed using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes collection databases.

RESULTS:
IBS-C subjects had higher breath CH4 that correlated with higher gut microbial diversity and higher relative abundance (RA) of stool methanogens, predominantly Methanobrevibacter, as well as higher absolute abundance of Methanobrevibacter smithii in stool. IBS-D subjects had higher breath H2 that correlated with lower microbial diversity and higher breath H2S that correlated with higher RA of H2S-producing bacteria, including Fusobacterium and Desulfovibrio spp. The predominant H2 producers were different in these distinct microtypes, with higher RA of Ruminococcaceae and Christensenellaceae in IBS-C/CH4+ (which correlated with Methanobacteriaceae RA) and higher Enterobacteriaceae RA in IBS-D. Finally, microbial metabolic pathway analysis revealed enrichment of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes modules associated with methanogenesis and biosynthesis of methanogenesis cofactor F420 in IBS-C/CH4+ subjects, whereas modules associated with H2S production, including sulfate reduction pathways, were enriched in IBS-D.

DISCUSSION:
Our findings identify distinct gut microtypes linked to breath gas patterns in IBS-C and IBS-D subjects, driven by methanogens such as M. smithii and H2S producers such as Fusobacterium and Desulfovibrio spp, respectively.
Humoral Immune Response and Safety of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Kastl Arthur J. , Weaver Kimberly N. , Zhang Xian , Strople Jennifer A. , Adler Jeremy , Dubinsky Marla C. , Bousvaros Athos , Watkins Runa , Dai Xiangfeng , Chen Wenli , Cross Raymond K. , Higgins Peter D.R. , Ungaro Ryan C. , Bewtra Meenakshi , Bellaguarda Emanuelle A. , Farraye Francis A. , Chun Kelly Y. , Zikry Michael , Fernando Manory , Bastidas Monique , Hernandez Cristian G. , Craig Riley G. , Boccieri Margie E. , Firestine Anne , Long Millie D. , Kappelman Michael D. 
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may respond differently to COVID-19 immunization as compared with healthy children or adults with IBD. Those younger than 12 years receive a lower vaccine dose than adults. We sought to describe the safety and humoral immune response to COVID-19 vaccine in children with IBD.

METHODS:
We recruited children with IBD, ages 5–17 years, who received ≥ 2 doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine by a direct-to-patient outreach and at select sites. Patient demographics, IBD characteristics, medication use, and vaccine adverse events were collected. A subset of participants had quantitative measurement of anti-receptor binding domain IgG antibodies after 2-part immunization.

RESULTS:
Our study population included 280 participants. Only 1 participant required an ED visit or hospitalization because of an adverse event. Of 99 participants who underwent anti-receptor binding domain IgG antibody measurement, 98 had a detectable antibody, with a mean antibody level of 43.0 μg/mL (SD 67) and a median of 22 μg/mL (interquartile range 12–38). In adjusted analyses, older age (P = 0.028) and antitumor necrosis factor monotherapy compared with immunomodulators alone (P = 0.005) were associated with a decreased antibody level. Antibody response in patients treated with antitumor necrosis factor combination vs monotherapy was numerically lower but not significant.

DISCUSSION:
Humoral immune response to COVID-19 immunization in children with IBD was robust, despite a high proportion of this pediatric cohort being treated with immunosuppressive agents. Severe vaccine-related AEs were rare. Overall, these findings provide a high level of reassurance that pediatric patients with IBD respond well and safely to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
Peran dan Kontribusi Perempuan Penjual Jamu Gendong Pada Perekonomian Keluarga Di Kabupaten Boyolali
Authors: Mustofa Rochman Hadi , Aida Nuzul Umi Hanifah  , Mutiara Karima  
Published: September 2022

Kabupaten Boyolali memiliki reputasi yang terkenal dalam usaha jamu gendong secara turun-temurun, salah satunya di Desa Kadipaten. Penjual jamu gendong di Kabupaten Boyolali identik dengan profesi yang ditekuni oleh perempuan, namun tidak banyak yang meneliti terkait mengapa mereka banyak menekuni profesi jamu gendong hingga saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran dan kontribusi perempuan penjual jamu gendong pada perekonomian keluarga, mendeskripsikan faktor pendorong perempuan di Dusun Kadirejo, Desa Kadipaten, Kabupaten Boyolali dalam menekuni profesi penjual jamu gendong. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan desain fenomenologi. Data diperoleh menggunakan wawancara mendalam dari 12 informan. Keabsahan data penelitian menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kontibusi perempuan berperan penting pada perekonomian keluarga dan rata-rata mampu manajemen waktu yang baik. Faktor yang mendorong perempuan berprofesi sebagai penjual jamu gendong dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal meliputi rendahnya penghasilan suami, modal relatif kecil, rendahnya tingkat pendidikan dan keinginan produktif dalam ekonomi keluarga. Faktor eksternal meliputi meneruskan bisnis keluarga dan faktor lingkungan sosial.
[Boyolali Regency has a long history of jamu gendong producers, one of which is located in the Kadipaten Village. Jamu gendong sellers are likewise identical to woman professions, but little studies why so many women are involved in jamu gendong profession. The purpose of this study is to examine the function and contribution of women selling jamu gendong to the family economy, as well as to identify the reasons that motivate women in Kadirejo Village, Kadipaten Village, Boyolali Regency to start businesses as jamu gendong sellers. This study employs a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design. The data were gathered through in-depth interviews among 12 informants. Source triangulation was done to determine the legitimacy of the research data. The findings indicate that women contribute significantly to the family economics and are generally capable of effective time management. Women are encouraged to work as sellers of jamu gendong because of internal reasons such as their husbands' low income, limited capital, low educational attainment, and a desire to contribute to the family economy. The external influences include family business continuation and social contextual issues.]
Womenpreneurship: Aktualisasi Peran Perempuan Melalui Pemberdayaan Kewirausahaan di Kecamatan Lembeyan Kabupaten Magetan
Authors: Ghafar Muhammad , Ahmad Zarkasyi  
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap aktualisasi perempuan dalam berwirausaha di Kelurahan Lembeyan Kulon, Kecamatan Lembeyan, Kabupaten Magetan, dalam mengembangkan potensi pertanian berupa tanaman buah jambu mede sebagai oleh-oleh destinasi wisata Telaga Sarangan Magetan. Produksi jambu mede yang menyentuh angka lima belas ton per empat bulan ini dijual dengan nilai rendah sehingga petani di Desa Lembeyan sering mengalami kerugian dan akibatnya terkadang buahnya hanya dijadikan pakan ternak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus guna mendeskripsikan data secara menyeluruh dan utuh mengenai aktualisasi peran perempuan melalui pemberdayaan kewirausahaan. Analisis data dilakukan peneliti dengan tahapan kondensasi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan, dengan teknik keabsahan data kredibilitas dan konfirmbality. Pemberdayaan perempuan desa melalui pelatihan pengolahan abon jambu mede diharapkan dapat mendorong semangat berwirausaha perempuan di Kelurahan Lembeyan serta nantinya melahirkan womenpreneur desa yang berkontribusi terhadap nilai tambah hasil pertanian jambu mede dan menambah pendapatan keuangan keluarga.
[This study aims to reveal the actualization of women in entrepreneurship in Lembeyan Kulon Village, Lembeyan District, Magetan Regency, empowering women in developing agricultural potential in the form of cashew fruit plants as souvenirs for the tourist destination of the Magetan Sarangan Lake. Cashew nut production reaches fifteen tons per four months, the harvest has been sold at a low value so that farmers in Lembeyan village often experience losses and as a result sometimes the fruit is only used as animal feed. This study describes the data as a whole and in its entirety regarding the actualization of the role of women through entrepreneurial empowerment. Data analysis was carried out by matching the data obtained, systematized, interpreted logically for the validity and credibility of the data obtained. Empowerment of village women through training on processing cashew floss is expected to encourage women's entrepreneurial spirit in Lembeyan Village and later contribute to the added value of cashew agricultural products and increase family financial income.]
Negotiated Management as a Tool to Achieve Social Control over Political Protest and Social Movement Organizations
Authors: Lynn Tamara J. 
Published: September 2022

Social movement scholars describe negotiated management as a process of collaboration between those in power and those in resistance. For this research, content analysis and critical discourse analysis are used to evaluate questionnaire responses from law enforcement agencies in communities where competing grassroots political organizations engaged in political protest. Findings indicate that law enforcement exercise different levels of social control toward those least likely to engage in, or submit to, a negotiated management model of policing. I argue that responses toward organizations, as reported in questionnaire responses, demonstrates a structural permanence of social control. Negotiated management between the state and competing grassroots political organizations is a tool used to achieve informal control. Organizations that fail – or choose not – to engage in informal social control of their members risk escalated force by police agencies that seek compliance. Results of this research increase understanding of law enforcement responses to political protest groups.
Soicial Factors and Citizens' Perception of the Police
Authors: Pullin Mark 
Published: September 2022

Research examining citizen perception of the police have typically looked at expanded views of how the police interact in the community. By narrowing the focus to encompass two principles that associate citizen satisfaction with and perceptions of the police, this paper will include areas that influence satisfaction directly from citizens toward police officers themselves. Moreover, recent research stresses the importance of police/citizen relationships for positive outcomes to occur after interaction. Research regarding race and ethnicity of the citizen is reviewed as well as youth and age to provide context for this article. Demographic variables have been shown to have an impact of citizen perception of the police thus affecting how they view the police and government agencies. Police literature is reviewed as to how these demographics contribute to neighborhood level changes in attitudes toward police officers. Community policing literature and the effects it has on neighborhood social cohesion and collective efficacy is also included. This will lead into a discussion of neighborhood social cohesion and collective efficacy and their impact on citizen perceptions of the police.
Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma based on salivary protein glycopatterns and machine learning algorithms
Authors: Tang Zhen , Zhang Fan , Wang Yuan , Zhang Chen , Li Xia , Yin Mengqi , Shu Jian , Yu Hanjie , Liu Xiawei , Guo Yonghong , Li Zheng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is difficult to diagnose early and progresses rapidly, making it one of the most deadly malignancies worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate whether salivary glycopattern changes combined with machine learning algorithms could help in the accurate diagnosis of HCC.

Methods
Firstly, we detected the alteration of salivary glycopatterns by lectin microarrays in 118 saliva samples. Subsequently, we constructed diagnostic models for hepatic cirrhosis (HC) and HCC using three machine learning algorithms: Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selector Operation, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF). Finally, the performance of the diagnostic models was assessed in an independent validation cohort of 85 saliva samples by a series of evaluation metrics, including area under the receiver operator curve (AUC), accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity.

Results
We identified alterations in the expression levels of salivary glycopatterns in patients with HC and HCC. The results revealed that the glycopatterns recognized by 22 lectins showed significant differences in the saliva of HC and HCC patients and healthy volunteers. In addition, after Boruta feature selection, the best predictive performance was obtained with the RF algorithm for the construction of models for HC and HCC. The AUCs of the RF-HC model and RF-HCC model in the validation cohort were 0.857 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.780–0.935) and 0.886 (95% CI: 0.814–0.957), respectively.

Conclusions
Detecting alterations in salivary protein glycopatterns with lectin microarrays combined with machine learning algorithms could be an effective strategy for diagnosing HCC in the future.
Technical and health governance aspects of the External Quality Assessment Scheme for the SARS-CoV-2 molecular tests: institutional experience performed in all clinical laboratories of a Regional Health Service
Authors: Di Gaudio Francesca , Brunacci Giuseppina , Contino Flavia , Gallo Alessia , Centineo Fabio 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Since December 2019, the worldwide public health has been threatened by a severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by Coronavirus-2. From the beginning, a turning point has been the identification of new cases of infection, in order to minimize the virus spreading among the population. For this reason, it was necessary introducing a panel of tests able to identify positive cases, which became crucial for all countries.

Methods
As a Regional Reference Centre, the CRQ Laboratory (Regional Laboratory for the Quality Control) developed and conducted an External Quality Assessment (EQA) panel of assay, so as to evaluate the quality of real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which were used by 62 Sicilian laboratories, previously authorized to issue certificates for the COVID-19 diagnosis, on behalf of the Public Health Service.

Results
The qualitative performance test was based on pooled samples with different viral loads of SARS-CoV-2 or human Coronavirus OC43. 75% of the participating laboratories tested all core samples correctly, while the remaining 25% interpreted incorrectly the EQA exercise samples matching negatively the standards required.

Conclusions
Subsequent inspection visits confirmed the issue of incorrect positive and negative certifications for COVID-19 by private and public laboratories, despite the possession of the authorization requirements currently provided for by current regulations, with a significant impact on the SSR.
Effect of pressurized hot water extraction and esterification on the moisture properties and decay resistance of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood
Authors: Kyyrö Suvi , Altgen Michael , Belt Tiina , Seppäläinen Hanna , Brischke Christian , Heinze Petra , Militz Holger , Rautkari Lauri 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Pressurized hot water extraction (HWE) treatment has the benefit of simultaneous extraction of hemicellulose-based carbohydrates and modification of the solid phase, but it does not drastically improve wood durability. However, removing hemicelluloses from the wood by HWE treatment creates water-filled spaces in the cell walls which could be filled with modification agent in order to improve the properties of the wood. Without drying, modification agent can be added into the saturated wood via diffusion. The esterification of wood with citric acid (CA) improves resistance to biological deterioration but increases brittleness. However, combining CA esterification with additional chemicals that form links with CA can mitigate brittleness. This study investigated esterification as a method for modifying HWE treated wood. HWE treatment with CA solution (4% w/v) was applied at 120 °C for 3 h to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood specimens. The specimens were further modified by diffusion with CA and starch derivatives followed by curing. The applied method changed the moisture properties and chemical composition of the wood. The results showed successful wood bulking. The investigated method slightly improved decay resistance to Coniophora puteana and Trametes versicolor but did not change resistance to Rhodonia placenta.
Effect of substrate temperature on structural, optical, and photoelectrochemical properties of Tl2S thin films fabricated using AACVD technique
Authors: Daraz Umar , Ansari Tariq Mahmood , Arain Shafique Ahmad , Mansoor Muhammad Adil , Mazhar Muhammad 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Thin films of thallium sulphide (Tl2S) were grown on the FTO surface at three different temperatures (500°C, 550°C, and 600°C) using the aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition approach. A thallium diethyldithiocarbamate (Tl[CNS2(C2H5)3]) complex was used as a single-source precursor in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent under an inert atmosphere of argon in all deposition experiments. The impact of deposition temperature on structural, morphological, and optical properties of Tl2S thin films was explored using different experimental techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron (FESEM) microscopy, and UV-visible spectrophotometry. XRD analysis specifies that crystallite size varies from 120 to 90 nm with the increase in temperature from 500°C to 600°C. FESEM results revealed that Tl2S films were grown as hexagonal, petals, and marigold flower-like particles at 500°C, 550°C, and 600°C, respectively. UV-visible spectrophotometric analysis shows a decrease in band gap energies with temperature: 1.92 eV at 500°C, 1.72 eV at 550°C, and 1.42 eV at 600°C. The photoelectrochemical measurement in terms of linear sweep voltammetry confirms that the temperature variation has a significant effect on the photoconversion efficiency of Tl2S thin films, and photocurrent density increases from 0.56 to 0.76 mA·cm−2 when the temperature is increased from 500°C to 600°C.
Digitized subwavelength surface structure on silicon platform for wavelength-/polarization-/charge-diverse optical vortex generation
Authors: Cao Xiaoping , Zhou Nan , Zheng Shuang , Gao Shengqian , Zhu Yuntao , He Mingbo , Cai Xinlun , Wang Jian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Optical vortices carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have recently attracted increasing interest for providing an additional degree of freedom for capacity scaling in optical communications. The optical vortex generator is an essential component to facilitate OAM-enabled optical communications. Traditional devices face challenges of limited compactness, narrow bandwidth, and first-order OAM modes. Here, using the direct-binary search (DBS) optimization algorithm, we design, fabricate, and demonstrate a digitized subwavelength surface structure on silicon platform for the generation of wavelength-/polarization-/charge-diverse optical vortices. It features an ultra-compact footprint (∼3.6 × 3.6 μm2) and ultra-wide bandwidth (1480–1630 nm), supporting two polarizations (x-pol., y-pol.) and high-order OAM modes (OAM+1, OAM−1, OAM+2, OAM−2) with high purity of larger than 84%. The mode crosstalk matrix is measured in the experiment with favorable performance. When generating x-pol. OAM+1, x-pol. OAM−1, y-pol. OAM+1, and y-pol. OAM−1 mode, the crosstalk of the worst case is less than −14 dB. When generating OAM+1, OAM−1, OAM+2, and OAM−2 mode, the crosstalk between any two OAM modes is less than −10 dB, and the lowest crosstalk is about −17 dB. In addition, we also show the possibility for generating much higher-order OAM modes (e.g. OAM+3, OAM−3, OAM+4, and OAM−4) with the digitized subwavelength surface structure. The wavelength-/polarization-/charge-diverse optical vortex generator enables the full access of multiple physical dimensions (wavelength, polarization, space) of lightwaves. The demonstrations may open up new perspectives for chip-scale solutions to multi-dimensional multiplexing optical communications.
Cell counting chamber vs. Sysmex XN-1000 for determining white blood cell count and differentiation for body fluids
Authors: Evren Ebru , Us Ebru , Hekimoğlu Can Hüseyin , Ceren Karahan Zeynep 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Sterile body fluids (BFs) include key information for the diagnosis and monitoring of a variety of diseases. A cornerstone test is the total white blood cell (WBC) count, which comprises the differential of WBC of body fluid analysis. It is important to test automated hematology analyzers that should be verified using patient samples. The aim of this study is to compare both the performance of the Sysmex XN-1000 system’s body fluid module for cell counting and differentiation to the results of a cell counting chamber.

Methods
This study was performed on 200 routinely laboratory sent BFs. Cell counts and differentiation were determined with both bright-lined Neubauer Cell Counting Chamber and Sysmex XN-1000 system body fluid mode.

Results
The correlation coefficients of WBC count by two methods indicated very strong correlation (r≥0.90, p<0.0001) for any specimen except pleural fluid. According to Passing-Bablok regression analysis, Sysmex XN-1000 showed acceptable performance according to bias of the slope criteria (<±20%).

Conclusions
The XN-1000 hematological analyzer’s body fluid mode can rapidly count and identify cells, and it can be used as a simple and rapid screening method for laboratory testing of sterile body fluids, particularly in laboratories with a massive quantity of biological fluids.