bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement tools to assess activities of daily living in patients with Parkinson’s disease: A systematic review
Authors: Bouça-Machado Raquel , Fernandes Adriana , Ranzato Carlo , Beneby Duane , Nzwalo Hipólito , Ferreira Joaquim J. 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionParkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with a progressive inability to accomplish essential activities of daily living (ADL) resulting in a loss of autonomy and quality of life. Accurate measurement of ADL in PD is important to monitor disease progression and optimize care. Despite its relevance, it is still unclear which measurement instruments are the most suitable for evaluating ADL in people with PD.ObjectiveTo identify and critically appraise which measurement instruments have been used to assess ADL in PD.MethodsA systematic review was conducted using the databases CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and PEDro from their inception to October 2021 to identify all observational and experimental studies conducted in PD or atypical parkinsonism that included an ADL assessment. Titles and abstracts were screened independently by two authors. The clinimetric properties of the measurement instruments were assessed, and the instruments were classified as “recommended,” “suggested,” or “listed.”ResultsA total of 129 articles were included, with 37 measurement instruments used. The Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), the Schwab &amp; England ADL scale (S&amp;E scale), the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), the Barthel Index, the Lawton-Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and the Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Study – ADL (ADCS-ADL) scale were the seven most frequently cited measurement instruments. Of these, only two included an assessment of basic and instrumental ADL.ConclusionMDS-UPDRS and the S&amp;E scale were the only two scales that could be classified as recommended. For the MDS-UPDRS, either the full version or only Part II, which is focused on ADL, can be used. Future studies should explore the use of wearable devices to assess ADL remotely and more continuously.
Sucrose dampens caffeine-induced blood pressure elevations – A randomized crossover pilot study in healthy, non-obese men
Authors: Ravussin Yann , Montani Jean-Pierre , Grasser Erik Konrad 
Published: August 2022

PurposeSales for sugar-sweetened and caffeinated beverages are still rising globally and their consumption has been linked to the development of cardiovascular diseases. However, direct evidence from human interventional studies in response to such beverages is still scarce.MethodsSeven young, non-obese men participated in a randomized crossover study where four test drinks [60 g sucrose + 50 mg caffeine, 60 g sucrose + caffeine-placebo, 50 mg caffeine, and caffeine-placebo] were investigated. Each drink was brought to a total volume of 500 mL with water. Continuous and beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitoring was conducted for 30 min baseline and continued for 90 min after the ingestion of each drink. Measurements included blood pressure, heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, index of contractility, and double product.ResultsTwo-factor ANOVA analysis revealed significant treatment-by-time effects for diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, index of contractility, and double product (all p &lt; 0.01). Diastolic blood pressure and total peripheral resistance increased significantly to caffeine-only (all p &lt; 0.05), while sucrose + caffeine-placebo and sucrose + caffeine both decreased resistance responses (all p &lt; 0.05). Cardiac output increased significantly to sucrose + caffeine-placebo and sucrose + caffeine (all p &lt; 0.05), and on trend for heart rate, stroke volume, and index of contractility (all p between 0.05 and 0.09).ConclusionIn young, non-obese men, a caffeinated and sucrose-sweetened beverage at concentrations similar to classical commercial Cola products exhibited distinct hemodynamic actions where the presence of sucrose dampened caffeine-induced blood pressure elevations, but at the expense of a tendency to increase cardiac work.
Association between dietary quality and executive functions in school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Wang Xin , Song Xiaojing , Jin Yuying , Zhan Xiaoling , Cao Muqing , Guo Xuning , Liu Siyu , Ou Xiaoxuan , Gu Tingfeng , Jing Jin , Cai Li , Li Xiuhong 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundIt is well known that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) had executive functions deficit. However, it is still unclear whether the poor dietary quality is related to the impairment of executive functions. The current study aimed to explore the association between dietary quality and executive functions in children with ASD.MethodsA total of 106 children with ASD (7.7 ± 1.3 years) and 207 typically developing (TD) children (7.8 ± 1.3 years) were enrolled from Guangzhou, China. The Chinese version of Behavior Rating Scale of Executive function (BRIEF), the working memory subscales of the Chinese version of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-IV), and the Stroop Color-Word Test (SCWT) were used to measure the participant's executive functions. The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to collect the dietary intake information, and the Chinese Diet Balance Index (DBI_16) was used to evaluate the dietary quality. Generalized linear models were used to estimate the association between dietary quality and executive functions.ResultsIn children with ASD, Low Bound Score (LBS) was positively correlated with the working memory subscale score of BRIEF (β = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.02–0.44, P &lt; 0.05), while High Bound Score (HBS) and LBS were positively correlated with the organizable subscale score of BRIEF (β = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.11–0.77, P &lt; 0.01; β = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.01–0.37, P &lt; 0.05). Compared to TD children, children with ASD had a higher proportion of moderate and high levels of insufficient dietary intake (moderate level, 37.7% vs. 23.2%, high level, 4.7% vs. 1.4%) and moderate level of unbalanced dietary intake (36.8% vs.21.3%), higher scores on all subscales of BRIEF (P &lt; 0.01), and lower score on the working memory (81.3 ± 32.3 vs. 104.6 ± 12.5, P &lt; 0.01), while there was no difference on the SCWT.ConclusionPoor dietary quality was associated with the impairment of working memory and organizational capacity in children with ASD. This study emphasized the importance of dietary quality in executive functions among children with ASD, and attention should be paid to improving their dietary quality.
Comparison of three malnutrition risk screening tools in identifying malnutrition according to Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria in gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Huang Yangyang , Chen Ying , Wei Lu , Hu Yan , Huang Liya 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundMalnutrition is common in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. The first step in the diagnosis of malnutrition is to evaluate the malnutrition risk by validated screening tools according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM). This study aimed to determine the best nutritional screening tool for identifying GLIM malnutrition and validate the performance of these tools in different age subgroups.Materials and methodsWe did a prospective cohort study of patients who were diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancer from February 2016 to November 2019. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPV), negative predictive values (NPV), and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of three screening tools (Nutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS 2002), Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), MNA-SF) were calculated.ResultsA total of 488 patients were enrolled, and 138 patients (28.27%) were malnutrition according to the GLIM criteria. The consistency of NRS 2002, GNRI, and MNA-SF with GLIM-defined malnutrition was 74.8, 72.1, and 71.1%, respectively. In the subgroup analysis of young patients (&lt;65 years), NRS 2002 exhibited the best discrimination with the AUC of 0.724 (95% CI, 0.567–0.882), the sensitivity of 64.3% (95% CI, 35.6–86.0), and the specificity of 80.6% (95% CI, 69.2–88.6). In patients older than 65 years, MNA-SF exhibited the best discrimination with the AUC of 0.764 (95% CI, 0.714–0.814), the sensitivity of 82.3% (95% CI, 74.1–88.3), and the specificity of 70.5% (95% CI, 64.7–75.7).ConclusionsNutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS 2002) is the best malnutrition screening tool in gastrointestinal cancer patients younger than 65 years, and MNA-SF is the best malnutrition screening tool in patients older than 65 years. It is necessary to select targeted nutritional screening tools according to the difference in age.
Ultrasound-guided thermal ablation versus laparoscopic surgery for focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver: A retrospective controlled study
Authors: Zhang Dan-ling , Chen Sheng , Lin Yu-cheng , Ye Wenxin , Li Kai , Wu Song-song 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThis study aims to evaluate the value of the clinical application of ultrasound-guided percutaneous thermal ablation in focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) by comparing its safety, effectiveness, and patient experience to surgery in the treatment of hepatic FNH ≤5 cm.MethodThis retrospective study enrolled 82 patients with hepatic FNH having a maximum diameter of ≤5 cm, confirmed by postoperative pathologic diagnosis or needle biopsy, who underwent thermal ablation or surgery between January 2019 and September 2021. Postoperative efficacy, surgical trauma (operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, liver function, and lost volume of normal liver tissue), postoperative complications (postoperative infection, pleural effusion, and liver dysfunction), patient experience (degree and time of postoperative pain, postoperative fasting time, indwelling thoracic chest drain, and scar size), and economic indices (postoperative hospitalization and total charges) were compared between both groups.ResultNo significant difference existed in postoperative efficacy between both groups (p &gt; 0.05). No recurrent or new lesions were observed during the 6-month follow-up in both groups. However, significant differences were observed in operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, and lost volume of normal liver tissue (p &lt; 0.05), with significantly less trauma in the thermal ablation group. No statistically significant differences in ALT, AST, and Hb existed between both groups (p &gt; 0.05); however, albumin was higher in the ablation group compared to the surgery group (38.21 ± 3.32 vs. 34.84 ± 3.71 g/L, p &lt; 0.05), and WBC were lower in the ablation group (11.91 ± 3.37 vs. 13.94 ± 3.65/L, p &lt; 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in the ablation group was significantly lower than that in the surgery group (p &lt; 0.05). Patient experiences were significantly better than in the surgical group (p &lt; 0.05), with economic indicators being significantly less in the ablation group (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionUltrasound-guided percutaneous thermal ablation can treat hepatic FNH ≤5 cm with similar clinical efficacy as surgery and is an economical, safe, and minimally invasive treatment method worthy of recommendation.
Comprehensive analysis of the endoplasmic reticulum stress-related long non-coding RNA in bladder cancer
Authors: Wu Zhenyu , Wang Yue , Yan Mengxin , Liang Quan , Li Bin , Hou Guoliang , Xia Taolin , Lin Zhe , Xu Wenfeng 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundBladder cancer is ranked the second most frequent tumor among urological malignancies. The research strived to establish a prognostic model based on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in bladder cancer.MethodsWe extracted the ERS-related genes from the published research and bladder cancer data from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. ERS-related lncRNAs with prognostic significance were screened by univariate Cox regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate Cox analysis was leveraged to establish the risk score model. Moreover, an independent dataset, GSE31684, was used to validate the model’s efficacy. The nomogram was constructed based on the risk score and clinical variables. Furthermore, the biological functions, gene mutations, and immune landscape were investigated to uncover the underlying mechanisms of the ERS-related signature. Finally, we employed external datasets (GSE55433 and GSE89006) and qRT-PCR to investigate the expression profile of these lncRNAs in bladder cancer tissues and cells.ResultsSix ERS-related lncRNAs were identified to be closely coupled with patients’ prognosis. On this foundation, a risk score model was created to generate the risk score for each patient. The ERS-related risk score was shown to be an independent prognostic factor. And the results of GSE31684 dataset also supported this conclusion. Then, a nomogram was constructed based on risk scores and clinical characteristics, and proven to have excellent predictive value. Moreover, the gene function analysis demonstrated that ERS-related lncRNAs were closely linked to fatty extracellular matrix, cytokines, cell adhesion, and tumor pathways. Further analysis revealed the association of the 6-lncRNAs signature with gene mutations and immunity in bladder cancer. Finally, the external datasets and qRT-PCR verified high expressions of the ERS-related lncRNAs in bladder cancer tissues and cells.ConclusionsOverall, our findings indicated that ERS-related lncRNAs, which may affect tumor pathogenesis in a number of ways, might be exploited to assess the prognosis of bladder cancer patients.
Attention impairment in patients with cervical dystonia: An attention network test study
Authors: Xia Kun , Han Yongsheng , Zhou Lanlan , Hu Sheng , Rao Rao , Shan Shu , Hua Lei 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate attentional network functional characteristics in patients with cervical dystonia (CD).MethodsA total of 29 patients with CD and 26 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. All subjects participated in the study and underwent the Attention Network Test (ANT), which evaluated the efficiencies of three independent attention networks (alerting, orienting, and executive control), as well as reaction time (RT) and accuracy.ResultsSignificant differences between CD patients (9.86 ± 27.95 ms) and HCs (33.62 ± 23.41 ms) were observed in the alerting network (t = −3.40, p &lt; 0.05). In contrast, the orienting network (t = 0.26, p = 0.79), executive control network (Z = −0.55, p = 0.58), total mean reaction time (t = −2.6, p = 0.79), and total accuracy rate (Z = −1.67, p = 0.09) showed no significant differences between the two groups.ConclusionPatients with CD showed a significant deficit in the alerting network. However, they did not show any deficits in the orienting or executive control network. In addition, the alerting, orienting, and executive control network functions of CD patients were all affected by the severity of torticollis, especially the alerting network function.
Challenges in postnatal care provision in Ethiopia
Authors: Bala Elias Teferi , Roets Lizeth 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundMost maternal deaths occur during the first 48 h after delivery; thus, a critical time for monitoring possible complications arising from the delivery. Quality postnatal care can contribute to a decrease in maternal mortality and morbidity rates. Despite the importance of postnatal care, it is generally a neglected aspect of maternal and child health services in most developing countries, including Ethiopia.ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to describe the challenges experienced by postnatal care providers and coordinators in providing postnatal care in the Ethiopian context.MethodsA quantitative cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted and data were gathered from 422 postnatal care providers and coordinators during November 2018. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the respondents and the data were gathered through a self-administered questionnaire. The data were cleaned, coded and entered into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 for analysis. Open-ended questions for qualitative enhancement were open-coded and thematically analyzed.ResultsThe findings revealed a lack of physical resources; infrastructure problems; cultural concerns; inadequate capacity building; inaccessibility of health services; unavailability of guidelines; a lack of communication with healthcare users and poor monitoring and evaluation as challenges.ConclusionTo improve postnatal care in Ethiopia and, ultimately, mother and child health, the challenges experienced by postnatal care providers and coordinators have to be dealt with. A strategic action plan with the active involvement of all stakeholders must be developed and implemented to deal with the challenges and improve postnatal care.
Hearing thresholds elevation and potential association with emotional problems among 1,914 children in Beijing, China
Authors: Xiao Huidi , Amaerjiang Nubiya , Wang Weiwei , Li Menglong , Zunong Jiawulan , En Hui , Zhao Xuelei , Wen Cheng , Yu Yiding , Huang Lihui , Hu Yifei 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesSchool-aged children may experience hearing loss and emotional problems. Previous studies have shown a bidirectional relationship between hearing loss and emotional problems in the elderly population, and we aimed to analyze the association between hearing thresholds and emotional problems in school-aged children.MethodsBased on the Beijing Child Growth and Health Cohort (PROC) study, the hearing screenings were conducted in November 2019 using pure tone audiometry. A total of 1,877 parents completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to assess children's emotional and behavioral status. We used generalized linear regression analysis to assess the potential association of emotional problems with hearing thresholds, based on multiple imputed datasets with a sample size of 1,914.ResultsThe overall pass rate of hearing screening was 91.5%. The abnormal rate of SDQ total difficulties was 55.8%. Emotional symptoms were positively associated with left ear average hearing thresholds (β = 0.24, 95%CI: 0.08–0.40), and right ear average hearing thresholds (β = 0.18, 95%CI: 0.04–0.32). Conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, peer problems, and prosocial behaviors had no association with the pass rate of the hearing screening. Regarding emotional symptoms, boys with many fears and who are easily scared coincided with increased right ear average hearing thresholds (β = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.01–1.33). Girls having many worries, frequently feeling unhappy and downhearted were positively associated with left and right ear average hearing thresholds, respectively (β = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.20–1.73; β = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.07–1.37).ConclusionsThe co-occurrence of hearing problems and emotional problems of children aged 6–8 in Beijing attracts attention. It is important to address undiscovered hearing loss and emotional problems from the perspective of comorbidity driving factors.
Effects of traditional Chinese exercises on mental health in individuals with drug rehabilitee: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Yulong , Lu Shenghua 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe intent of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effects of Traditional Chinese Exercise (TCE) on mental health and drug cravings in drug rehabilitees.MethodsSix electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycArticles, and CNKI) were searched to identify the potential literature from inception to March 2022. The controlled studies with a pro-posttest design that investigated the effects of TCE on mental health (depression, anxiety, drug craving, and sleep quality) were included. The effect sizes were calculated using the random-effect models with a 95% confidence interval. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was employed to evaluate study quality.ResultsA total of 10 studies (740 participants, mean age 35 years old) were included in this study. The pooled results showed that TCE produced significant improvements in depression (SMD = 0.65, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.02, p &lt; 0.01), anxiety (SMD = 0.98, 95% CI 0.44 to 1.53, p &lt; 0.01), and drug craving (SMD = 0.87, 95% CI 0.54 to 1.21, p &lt; 0.01) compared to the control group. The subgroup analysis results showed that TCE resulted in significant improvements in depression compared to active intervention (SMD = 0.33, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.60) or passive intervention (SMD = 1.07, 95% CI 0.40 to 1.74). A significant improvement in depression was observed in both male and female drug rehabilitee (p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, Tai Chi (SMD = 0.69, 95% CI 0.19 to 1.18) or Qigong (SMD = 0.49, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.74) exercise, 3–4 times per week (SMD = 1.06, 95% CI 0.39 to 1.74) or ≥5 times (SMD = 0.39, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.66), &gt;45 min (SMD = 0.62, 95% CI 0.09 to 1.15) or ≤ 45 min (SMD = 0.68, 95% CI 0.10 to 1.27), and for a duration of 12 weeks (SMD = 0.84, 95% CI 0.15 to 1.54) produced significant improvement in depression.ConclusionThis current study suggests that TCE (Tai Chi, Qigong) may have benefits in alleviating depression, anxiety, and drug cravings in drug rehabilitees. Further studies are required to verify our results through the implementation of well-designed experimental protocols.
Case Report: Microscope-assisted surgery of C7 nerve root cyst with neurological symptoms
Authors: Hao Shenshen , Li Hongke , Liu Shuai , Guo Yating , Chen Honglei , Zhang Zhifang , Dong Shengli 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundCervical nerve root cysts are rare and easily missed or misdiagnosed in clinical practice. Although conventional surgery is effective for cervical nerve root cysts, it is limited by the small surgical field of view and operating range, relatively difficult procedure, and incomplete cyst resection. Microscope-assisted magnification of the surgical field of vision reduces the difficulty and ensures complete cyst resection.Case presentationA 58-year-old male patient was diagnosed with a cervical nerve root sleeve cyst on the right C7 vertebra with neurological symptoms. Microscope-assisted surgery was used as treatment. The cyst was completely removed by the microscope-assisted surgery, with satisfactory patient recovery. The surgery did not produce complications, such as spinal cord neurovascular injury, and the patient's symptoms disappeared quickly after surgery. During the 2-year follow-up, there was no complication and no recurrence.ConclusionMicroscope-assisted surgery in treatment of the C7 nerve root cyst could achieve a complete resection.