bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular mechanism(s) of regulations of cancer stem cell in brain cancer propagation
Authors: Swati Kumari , Agrawal Kirti , Raj Sibi , Kumar Rajeev , Prakash Anand , Kumar Dhruv 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBrain tumors are most often diagnosed with solid neoplasms and are the primary reason for cancer‐related deaths in both children and adults worldwide. With recent developments in the progression of novel targeted chemotherapies, the prognosis of malignant glioma remains dismal. However, the high recurrence rate and high mortality rate remain unresolved and are closely linked to the biological features of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Research on tumor biology has reached a new age with more understanding of CSC features. CSCs, a subpopulation of whole tumor cells, are now regarded as candidate therapeutic targets. Therefore, in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors, recognizing the biological properties of CSCs is of considerable significance. Here, we have discussed the concept of CSCs and their significant role in brain cancer growth and propagation. We have also discussed personalized therapeutic development and immunotherapies for brain cancer by specifically targeting CSCs.
Genetic variants in Colombian patients with inherited cardiac conditions
Authors: Rucinski Cynthia , Yunis Luz Karime , Rosas Fernando , Santacruz David , Camargo Juan Manuel , Yunis Juan José 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundClinical and molecular diagnosis of inherited cardiac conditions is key to find at‐risk subjects and avoid preventable deaths. This study aimed to identify genetic variants in a sample of Colombian patients diagnosed with inherited cardiac conditions.MethodsNext‐generation sequencing (Illumina platform) using a 231 gene panel was performed in blood samples of 25 unrelated patients with age disease onset between 9 and 55 years.ResultsGenetic testing yield was 52%. Two novel likely pathogenic/ pathogenic variants were found: a DSP nonsense variant in a patient with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy and a KCNE1 frameshift variant in two patients with long QT syndrome. Younger individuals (<18 years) had the highest genetic testing yield (66.6%) compared to 50% and 20% in young adults and patients over 40 years, respectively. All subjects affected with long QT syndrome with a severe event while exercising had a positive genetic test. They also had four times more loss of consciousness events and, resuscitated sudden cardiac arrest was more representative.ConclusionThis study is the first one undertaken in Colombia to evaluate inherited cardiac conditions. It highlights the need to perform mutational analysis to provide adequate genetic counseling and to be able to identify patients at risk of severe events.
Low‐profile high‐gain broadband circularly polarized slot antenna with RCS reduction using polarization conversion metasurface
Authors: Deng Shasha , Zhang Xiang , Ding Jun , Zhang Hualiang , Chen Weidong , Zhang Zhongxiang , Chen Chang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA novel design of circularly polarized broadband slot antenna with high gain, low profile, and low radar cross‐section (RCS) is proposed by employing polarization conversion metasurface (MS). By introducing sawtooth corner‐truncated square MS with diagonal gaps, a compact circularly polarized antenna composed of 4 × 4 unit cells is presented. It is found that a smaller MS slot antenna can achieve an impedance bandwidth of 42.9% (3.7–5.72 GHz) and a 3‐dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 22.8% (4.55–5.72 GHz). Simultaneously, the MS can realize polarization conversion. The MS and its orthogonal units were arranged in a chessboard‐type pattern and applied as the radiator of a larger MS slot antenna, which was fed by a sequentially rotated feeding network. In addition, owing to the anti‐phase cancellation and scattering, the 5‐dB average RCS reduction can be obtained within the frequency range from 3.8 to 6.9 GHz. For verification, the proposed larger circularly polarized antenna was fabricated and tested. The operating bandwidth was measured as 44% (3.78–5.91 GHz) with a 3‐dB AR bandwidth of 39.6% and a high gain of 10.3 dBic. Furthermore, the larger antenna produces a useful RCS reduction from 3.7 to 6.7 GHz. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement.
Understanding the role of gender identity in charitable giving—recruiting bone marrow donors
Authors: Dill Katja , Soliman Meikel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeImbedded in the gender schema theory, this paper aims to examine the socio‐cognitive impact of gender identity in nonprofit marketing communication, particularly in the recruitment of bone marrow donors.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses an experimental design (n = 132) to investigate the role of gender identity on the likelihood to register as a bone marrow donor using real advertisements.FindingsThe findings support the assumption that a specific gender identity influences attitudes toward the advertisement which in turn increases the likelihood to register as a bone marrow donor.OriginalityWhile extant studies investigate psychological and demographic factors, there is only limited research on the role of gender identity in recruiting bone marrow donors via communication strategies.Practical implicationsThis has implications for communication strategies to increase the bone marrow donor pool. Health communication can be improved by relying on gender identity.Social implicationsBone marrow registries have a vital role in ensuring a healthy society. As the number of patients continues to increase, registries need a better understanding of how to create more effective marketing and communication strategies. In line, as societies become more diverse and inclusive, so should nonprofit marketing strategies.Practitioner Points
What is currently known about the subject matter?

Societies worldwide need more bone marrow donors and bone marrow registries use gender stereotypes in their advertisements.
Research investigated a variety of factors, but did not look at gender identity.
As societies worldwide get more inclusive and diverse, gender identity becomes more important.

What does the paper add to point (a)?

Scarce literature investigated the role of gender identities in bone marrow advertisements.
This paper fills this gap by systematically investigate the role of gender identity in the likelihood to donate bone marrow donors.

Implications of the study findings for practitioners

Bone marrow registries need to do market research before designing advertisements.
Bone marrow registries should segment their target groups and use differentiated advertisements.
Bone marrow registries can rely on gender identity to make their advertisements more effective.
Diabetes, ethnic minority groups and COVID‐19: an inevitable storm
Authors: Khunti Kamlesh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is two‐ to four‐fold higher in ethnic minority populations compared to White populations in the UK and is also associated with an increased risk of certain macrovascular and microvascular complications. Additionally, T2DM has an earlier onset in ethnic minority groups of around 10–12 years than in White populations. The exact reasons for the higher prevalence are unclear but include the complex interplay of biological, lifestyle, environmental and socioeconomic factors. This is further compounded by disparities in care received by ethnic minority populations. The UK was the first country to report on the disproportionate impact of COVID‐19 on ethnic minority groups. Diabetes is also a major risk factor for severe COVID‐19 and, combined with pre‐existing ethnic disparities in diabetes care, has been a significant contributor to inequalities in COVID‐19 outcomes for ethnic minority populations with diabetes including disproportionate hospitalisation and mortality. Major ethnic disparities in diabetes care in the US and UK, especially intermediate outcomes and diabetes complications, were evident prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic. However, the COVID‐19 pandemic has exposed these pre‐pandemic health disparities for ethnic minority populations with diabetes. Similar to the higher risk of T2DM in ethnic minority populations, the exact reasons for higher risk of COVID‐19 in minority ethnic groups are complex and include comorbidities, risk factor control, deprivation and access to care including wider structural issues. As we now plan for recovery, it is imperative that those delivering diabetes care urgently address the disproportionate impact the pandemic has had on ethnic minority populations. Reducing these inequalities will require a greater understanding of the causes. Copyright © 2022 John Wiley & Sons.
Tackling COVID‐19 Using Antiviral Nanocoating's—Recent Progress and Future Challenges
Authors: Ghosal Krishanu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the current situation of the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, there is a worldwide demand for the protection of regular handling surfaces from viral transmission to restrict the spread of COVID‐19 infection. To tackle this challenge, researchers and scientists are continuously working on novel antiviral nanocoatings to make various substrates capable of arresting the spread of such pathogens. These nanocoatings systems include metal/metal oxide nanoparticles, electrospun antiviral polymer nanofibers, antiviral polymer nanoparticles, graphene family nanomaterials, and etched nanostructures. The antiviral mechanism of these systems involves depletion of the spike glycoprotein that anchors to surfaces by the nanocoating and makes the spike glycoprotein and viral nucleotides inactive; however, the nature of the interaction between the spike proteins and virus depends on the type of nanostructure and a surface charge over the coating surface. In this article, the current scenario of COVID‐19 and how it can be tackled using antiviral nanocoatings from the further transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), along with their different mode of action, are discussed. Additionally, it is also highlighted different types of nanocoatings developed for various substrates to encounter transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2, future research areas along with the current challenges related to it, and how these challenges can be resolved.
Superfine HMX Prepared by a Gas‐Solid Method with Reduced Sensitivity and Enhanced Mechanical Performance
Authors: Li Jie , Xu Jinjiang , Huang Shiliang , Li Shichun , Liu Yu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMany superfine processing techniques have been applied on desensitization of HMX. However, large‐scale production of superfine HMX is still a big challenge due to the overloaded parameters, poor stability and capacity issue. Here, we developed a novel and facile gas‐solid method to prepare superfine HMX, based on a process of solvent vapor permeation and removal. Superfine HMX with structure of stacking microcrystalline particles was achieved conveniently. Compared to pristine HMX, the characteristic height for impact initiation of the resultant superfine HMX increased from 23.30 cm to 112.20 cm. Moreover, the largely increased surface area of superfine HMX enhanced the interfacial interaction between HMX and binder, which remarkably enhanced the comprehensive mechanical performance of HMX‐based polymer bonded explosives (PBXs). The compressive and tensile strength of the superfine HMX based PBXs were improved by 57.14 % and 120.27 %, respectively. This simple and reliable method can shed light on the design and preparation of energetic materials with better safety performance and optimized mechanical performance.
Heat‐Resistant and Low Sensitivity Energetic Material Constructed with [1, 2, 4]Triazolo[4,3‐a]pyridine Framework
Authors: Wang Qian , Lei Cai‐jin , Tang Jie , Cheng Guang‐bin , Yang Hong‐wei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, fused [1, 2, 4]triazolo[4,3‐a]pyridine framework was applied to construct a new energetic compound with high thermal stability and low sensitivity. 5‐Imino‐6,8‐dinitro‐2,3,5,6‐tetrahydro‐[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]pyridin‐3‐amine (6) was synthesized by a simple method and fully characterized by NMR (1H, 13C), IR, elemental analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric (TG). The structure of compound 6 was further determined by X‐ray diffraction. Physicochemical and energetic properties of the target compound, such as thermal behavior, friction sensitivity, impact sensitivity, density and detonation property, were tested. Compound 6 possesses high thermal stability (Td=337 °C), desirable insensitivity (IS >40 J, FS >360 N), positive calculated heat of formation (ΔfH=307.05 kJ mol−1) and good detonation property (D=8227 m s−1, P=26.3 GPa), which are all superior to the traditional heat‐resistant explosive HNS (Td=318 °C, IS=5 J, FS=240 N, ΔfH=78.2 kJ mol−1, D=7612 m s−1). These results imply that compound 6 has potential application as a heat‐resistant and insensitive explosive.
Effect of particle size distribution on explosion intensity of aluminum powder
Authors: Zhang Jiangshi , Ren Xiaofeng , Jia Hongfu , Cui Ziling , Xiong Nuoying , Xiao Bo , Han Xu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn order to effectively prevent the occurrence of aluminum powder explosion accidents, the statistical analysis method was used to analyze the differences between all the groups and between any two groups in relation to the explosion intensity parameters (Pex, [dP/dt]ex, Kst, t1 and t2) of aluminum powder samples. The results show that small particle size aluminum powder components play a major role in the explosion reaction rate, while large particle size aluminum powder components have relatively little effect. Among the nine factors D10–D90, the top three particle size parameters with the most relevance to Pex are D10 (0.708*), D3,2 (0.686*), and D30 (0.646*) in turn. The top three particle size parameters with the most relevance to t1 are D10 (0.903**), D20 (0.898**), and D30 (0.873**) in turn. The top three particle size parameters with the greatest relevance for (dP/dt)ex and Kst are SSA (0.963**), D30 (−0.748*), and PSS (−0.744*). The top three particle size parameters with the greatest relevance for t2 are D30 (0.962**), D20 (0.960**), and D4,3 (0.936**). Therefore, D10, D20, D30, D3,2, D4,3, PSS and SSA have important effects on the explosion parameters, and they are important reference indicators for assessing explosion risk.
Ligustilide attenuates airway remodeling in COPD mice by covalently binding to MH2 domain of Smad3 in pulmonary epithelium, disrupting the Smad3‐SARA interaction
Authors: Lu Yu‐jie , Niu Lin , Shen Fu‐kui , Yang Wen , Xie Yang , Li Su‐yun , Jiang Min , Bai Gang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAirway remodeling is one of the hallmarks of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is closely related to the dysregulation of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). Smad3, an important transcriptional regulator responsible for transducing TGF‐β1 signals, is a promising target for EMT modulation. We found that ligustilide (Lig), a novel Smad3 covalent inhibitor, effectively inhibited airway remodeling in cigarette smoke (CS) combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced COPD mice. Oral administration of an alkynyl‐modified Lig probe was used to capture and trace target proteins in mouse lung tissue, revealing Smad3 in airway epithelium as a key target of Lig. Protein mass spectrometry and Smad3 mutation analysis via in‐gel imaging indicated that the epoxidized metabolite of Lig covalently binds to the MH2 domain of Smad3 at Cys331/337. This irreversible bonding destroys the interaction of Smad3‐SARA, prevents Smad3 phosphorylation activation, and subsequently suppresses the nuclear transfer of p‐Smad3, the EMT process, and collagen deposition in TGF‐β1‐stimulated BEAS‐2B cells and COPD mice. These findings provide experimental support that Lig attenuates COPD by repressing airway remodeling which is attributed to its suppression on the activation of EMT process in the airway epithelium via targeting Smad3 and inhibiting the recruitment of the Smad3‐SARA heterodimer in the TGF‐β1/Smad3 pathway.
Dietary intake of anthocyanins improves arterial stiffness, but not endothelial function, in volunteers with excess weight: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Arisi Tainah O. P. , Gorski Fernanda , Eibel Bruna , Barbosa Eduardo , Boll Liliana , Waclawovsky Gustavo , Lehnen Alexandre M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractExcess body weight has been associated with endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial stiffness. Foods rich in polyphenols and anthocyanins such as açaí‐juçara (Euterpe edulis Martius) fruit may have protective vascular effects. Thus, we examined the effect of dietary intake of anthocyanins (açaí‐juçara fruit) on endothelial function (flow‐mediated dilation [FMD]) and arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity [PWV]) in individuals with excess body weight. Fifty‐five individuals with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 were randomized into non‐anthocyanin (N‐ATH, n = 25) or anthocyanin (ATH, n = 30) intake groups. A 12‐week individualized diet plan (20% reduction in total energy intake) was prescribed and included daily intake of açaí‐juçara 200 g (anthocyanins 293.6 mg) in the ATH diet plan. We evaluated anthropometric and biochemical parameters, FMD, PWV, and peripheral vascular resistance (PVR). A GEE (Bonferroni post‐hoc) was used (p ≤ 0.05). No change in FMD was observed. However, PWV showed a reduction from baseline in the ATH (p = 0.002) and vs. N‐ATH (p = 0.036). Both groups showed reduced peripheral vascular resistance (N‐ATH, p = 0.005; ATH, p = 0.040) with no significant differences between them. In conclusion, dietary intake of anthocyanins proved effective in protecting against arterial stiffness (by PWV) in individuals with excess weight. PVR was reduced in both diet groups regardless of dietary intake of anthocyanins.
Amine/Carboxylic Acid Based Bifunctional Ionic Liquids as Extractants for Nd(III), Sm(III) and Eu(III) from Aqueous Solution Containing EDTA
Authors: Prusty Susmita , Pradhan Sanghamitra , Mishra Sujata 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTwo bi‐functional ionic liquid extractants (Bif‐ILs) comprising tertiary amine and carboxylic acids, namely [TOAH]+[OHex]− (Tri‐n‐octylaminehexanoate) and [TOAH]+[ODec]− (Tri‐n‐octylaminedecanoate) in kerosene have been used for extraction of Nd(III), Sm(III) and Eu(III) from aqueous phase with EDTA as a complexing agent. The extraction ability of both the extracting agents has been analyzed with respect to variations in shaking time, concentration of extractant, aqueous phase pH, molarity of EDTA, diluents and phase volume ratio. Using 0.08 mol/L EDTA,extraction of Nd(III) was maximum with both the extractants followed by Sm(III) and Eu(III).At 4 : 1 (O/A) phase volume ratio, the extraction percentages using [TOAH]+[OHex]− were 93.42 % (Nd), 89.83 % (Sm), 84.14 % (Eu) and with [TOAH]+[ODec]− the values were 90.42 % (Nd), 89.37 % (Sm), 83.65 % (Eu), respectively.Extraction efficiency of both Bif‐ILs is maximum for Nd(III). Stripping was quantitative with HNO3 and HCl.Speciation studies and FTIR spectra provide valuable information regarding the stoichiometry of the extracted species.
Technical and Formulation Aspects of Pharmaceutical Co‐Crystallization: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chauhan Vishva , Mardia Rajnikant , Patel Mehul , Suhagia Bhanu , Parmar Komal 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCrystal engineering provides a unique approach to modulating the physicochemical properties of forming active drug molecules so nowadays pharmaceutical companies and researchers have shown interest in designing and building cocrystals. Creating new crystalline solid structures with altered physicochemical properties such as solubility, bioavailability, tabletability, melting point, stability, and so on. The intermolecular interactions of molecules in the crystal lattice are used to investigate these properties. Numbers of methods for crystallizing the drug are summarised and analyzed, pointing to the advantages and disadvantages that have been highlighted in the literature. This literature review discusses in detail the different types of cocrystals, their mechanisms, methods of cocrystals, applications of cocrystals, and their characterization. The main purpose of this article is to look at what has changed in this field in the last ten years and show what could be learned from better research on cocrystal formation and how it can be used.
The Impact of Soft Segment Crystallization and Cross‐Link Density on the Shape Memory Performance of the PCL‐PTMG/Graphene‐ Based Polyurethane Nanocomposites
Authors: Nourany Mohammad , Rahimi‐Darestani Yasaman , Nayebi Milad , Kiany Parvin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this research paper, we investigated the impact of soft segment crystallization, the cross‐linking density (CLD) and elastic modulus of the synthesized thermoset polyurethanes on their shape memory performance (SMP). A group of tri‐block copolymers of poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(tetramethylene glycol) (PTMG) with PCLx‐PTMG2000‐PCLx architecture were synthesized and used as polyols in a thermoset polyurethane (PU) structure. Crystallization of the soft segments was controlled through changing PCLx blocks’ length. Graphene nanoplatelets, with a fixed content of 0.50 wt.%, was used as the cross‐linker and the nano‐filler to tune elasticity of the PUs. Analysis of crystallization showed that by increasing PCLx’s length from 0 to 2000 D caused a drastic change in the crystallization behavior of the polyols. The polyols used in the thermoset PU nanocomposite led to a wide spectrum of elastic modulus at temperatures close to room temperature. The elastic modulus at room temperature ranged from 20 to 100 MPa. The changes in elastic modulus, CLD and soft segments’ crystallization resulted in a complex SMP behavior, which was studied in‐detail. The shape recovery rate was also studied, which showed the impact of crystallites’ melting, CLD and elastic modulus through a three‐stage shape recovery.
Amines as Catalysts: Dynamic Features and Kinetic Control of Catalytic Asymmetric Chemical Transformations to Form C−C Bonds and Complex Molecules
Authors: Tanaka Fujie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCarbonyl transformations involving enolates and/or enamines have been used for various types of bond‐forming reactions. In this account, catalysts and catalyst systems that have amino acids or primary, secondary, and/or tertiary amines as key catalytic functional groups that we have developed to accelerate chemical transformations, including regio‐, diastereo‐ and enantioselective reactions, are discussed. Our chemical transformation strategies and methods that use amine derivatives as catalysts are also discussed. As amines can have different functions depending on protonation and on the species formed during the catalysis (such as enamines and iminium ions), dynamics and kinetic controls are the keys for understanding the catalysis. Further, strategies that harness dynamic steps and kinetic control in amine‐catalyzed reactions have enabled the synthesis of complex molecules in stereocontrolled manners. Understanding the dynamic features and the kinetic controls of the catalysis will further the design of the catalysts and the development of chemical transformation strategies and methods.